bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary antigens suppress the proliferation of type 2 innate lymphoid cells by restraining homeostatic IL-25 production
Authors: Lee Minji , Ko Hyun-Ja , Hong Sung-Wook , Park Jungeun , Ham Seokjin , Kim Mingyu , Kwon Dong-il , Lee Myeong-seok , Roh Tae-Young , Soon Kim Kwang , Lee You Jeong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDietary antigens affect the adaptive immunity of the host by inducing regulatory T cells and IgE-producing B cells. However, their roles in innate immune compartments such as innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) are unclear. Here, using antigen-free (AF) mice, which are germ-free (GF) mice fed with amino-acid-based diet, we found dietary proteins suppress the development of GATA-3-expressing ILC2s independent of the adaptive immune cells. These cells produce more type 2 cytokines and upregulated proliferation and activation markers such as Ki-67, CD69, and CD25. With this, AF mice had increased expressions of tuft cell-specific transcripts such as Il25, Il33, Dclk1, Trpm5, and Pou2f3 in IECs. Accordingly, expanded ILC2s upregulated IL-17RB, a receptor of IL-25, and their proliferation was blocked by IL-25 neutralizing or IL-17RB blocking antibodies. These results suggest a new dialogue between dietary antigens, IECs, and ILCs in which dietary antigens suppress ILC2 activation and proliferation by restraining homeostatic IL-25 production, potentially limiting type 2 immunity by food antigens.
Quantum computational study of chloride attack on chloromethane for chemical accuracy and quantum noise effects with UCCSD and k-UpCCGSD ansatzes
Authors: Lim Hocheol , Jeon Hyeon-Nae , Rhee June-Koo , Oh Byungdu , No Kyoung Tai 
Published: May 2022

AbstractQuantum computing is expected to play an important role in solving the problem of huge computational costs in various applications by utilizing the collective properties of quantum states, including superposition, interference, and entanglement, to perform computations. Quantum mechanical (QM) methods are candidates for various applications and can provide accurate absolute energy calculations in structure-based methods. QM methods are powerful tools for describing reaction pathways and their potential energy surfaces (PES). In this study, we applied quantum computing to describe the PES of the bimolecular nucleophilic substitution (SN2) reaction between chloromethane and chloride ions. We performed noiseless and noise simulations using quantum algorithms and compared the accuracy and noise effects of the ansatzes. In noiseless simulations, the results from UCCSD and k-UpCCGSD are similar to those of full configurational interaction (FCI) with the same active space, which indicates that quantum algorithms can describe the PES of the SN2 reaction. In noise simulations, UCCSD is more susceptible to quantum noise than k-UpCCGSD. Therefore, k-UpCCGSD can serve as an alternative to UCCSD to reduce quantum noisy effects in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum era, and k-UpCCGSD is sufficient to describe the PES of the SN2 reaction in this work. The results showed the applicability of quantum computing to the SN2 reaction pathway and provided valuable information for structure-based molecular simulations with quantum computing.
High-resolution computed tomography features associated with differentiation of tuberculosis among elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia: a multi-institutional propensity-score matched study
Authors: Komiya Kosaku , Yamasue Mari , Goto Akihiko , Nakamura Yuta , Hiramatsu Kazufumi , Kadota Jun-ichi , Kato Seiya 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWhile high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is increasingly performed, its role in diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) among elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to determine HRCT features that can differentiate pulmonary TB from non-TB CAP in elderly patients. This study included consecutive elderly patients (age > 65 years) admitted to two teaching hospitals for pulmonary TB or non-TB pneumonia who met the CAP criteria of the American Thoracic Society/Infectious Diseases Society of America guidelines. After propensity score matching for clinical background between patients with pulmonary TB and those with non-TB CAP, their HRCT features were compared. This study included 151 patients with pulmonary TB and 238 patients with non-TB CAP. The presence of centrilobular nodules, air bronchograms, and cavities and the absence of ground-glass opacities and bronchial wall thickening were significantly associated with pulmonary TB. The negative predictive values of centrilobular nodules, air bronchograms, and cavities for pulmonary TB were moderate (70.6%, 67.9%, and 63.0%, respectively), whereas the positive predictive value of cavities was high (96.6%). In elderly patients, although some HRCT features could differentiate pulmonary TB from non-TB CAP, no useful findings could rule out pulmonary TB with certainty.
Dynamic thresholding for video anomaly detection
Authors: Jia Diyang , Zhang Xiao , Zhou Joey Tianyi , Lai Pan , Wei Yifei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAnomaly detection is one of the most important applications in video surveillance that involves the temporal localisation of anomaly events in unannotated video sequences. By learning the normal patterns to generate frames and calculating their reconstruction error relative to the ground truth, a frame can be recognised as being abnormal if the reconstruction error exceeds a threshold. Most existing works use a fixed threshold that computes over all the testing data to determine the anomalies. However, fixed threshold strategy cannot address the challenges brought by the dynamic environment, e.g. changes in illumination conditions. In this paper, a dynamic thresholding algorithm (DTA) is proposed, which is fully data‐driven and capable of automatically determining thresholds such that the developed anomaly detection system can flexibly adapt to different scenarios. The proposed DTA is independent of the backbone network and can be easily incorporated into most existing video anomaly detection models to help identify the appropriate thresholds. On both synthetic and real‐world datasets, the experimental results show that with the proposed DTA, the video anomaly detection methods achieve a better performance considering the changes in dynamic environment.
Corona and Reproduction, or Why the Corona Vaccination Does Not Result in Infertility
Authors: Braun Anne-Sophie , Feil Katharina , Reiser Elisabeth , Weiss Guenter , von Steuben Thore , Pinggera Germar Michael , Köhn Frank-Michael , Toth Bettina 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background As the COVID-19 pandemic persists and new vaccines are developed, concerns among the general public are growing that both infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus and
vaccinations against the coronavirus (mRNA vaccines) could lead to infertility or higher miscarriage rates. These fears are voiced particularly often by young adults of reproductive age.
This review summarizes the current data on the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection and corona vaccinations on female and male fertility, based on both animal models and human data.
Method A systematic literature search (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science) was carried out using the search terms “COVID 19, SARS-CoV-2, fertility, semen, sperm, oocyte, male fertility,
female fertility, infertility”. After the search, original articles published between October 2019 and October 2021 were selected and reviewed.
Results Despite the use of very high vaccine doses in animal models, no negative impacts on fertility, the course of pregnancy, or fetal development were detected. In humans, no
SARS-CoV-2 RNA was found in the oocytes/follicular fluid of infected women; similarly, no differences with regard to pregnancy rates or percentages of healthy children were found between
persons who had recovered from the disease, vaccinated persons, and controls. Vaccination also had no impact on live-birth rates after assisted reproductive treatment. No viral RNA was
detected in the semen of the majority of infected or still infectious men; however, a significant deterioration of semen parameters was found during semen analysis, especially after severe
viral disease. None of the studies found that corona vaccines had any impact on male fertility.
Discussion Neither the animal models nor the human data presented in recent studies provide any indications that fertility decreases after being vaccinated against coronavirus.
However, there is a growing body of evidence that severe SARS-CoV-2 infection has a negative impact on male fertility and there is clear evidence of an increased risk of complications among
pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The counseling offered to young adults should therefore take their fears and concerns seriously as well as providing a structured discussion of the
current data.
Celecoxib Lösung zum Einnehmen ist wirksam bei Migräne
Authors: Ruscheweyh Ruth 
Published: May 2022

HintergrundCelecoxib ist ein NSAR vom Typ der COX-2-Hemmer. Der Vorteil ist die geringere Inzidenz von gastrointestinalen Nebenwirkungen im Vergleich zu unselektiven COX-Hemmern (wie Ibuprofen oder Naproxen). Allerdings wird der Wirkstoff aus Celecoxib-Kapseln nur langsam resorbiert (maximale Plasmakonzentration Tmax nach 2,5 Stunden), was zur Behandlung von Migräneattacken ungünstig ist. Daher wurde eine Celecoxib-Lösung zum Einnehmen entwickelt, mit einer Tmax von 0,7 Stunden.
F-Diagnosen bei 0- bis 20-Jährigen in der ambulanten Behandlung im ersten Jahr der COVID-19-Pandemie
Authors: Berg Gundolf 
Published: May 2022

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGAuf der Grundlage von Daten aus der ambulanten kassenärztlichen und -psychotherapeutischen Versorgung werden Patientenzahlen mit bzw. Häufigkeiten von F-Diagnosen (ICD10) bei unter 21-Jährigen aus dem Jahr 2020 mit den Vorjahreszeiträumen verglichen. Im ersten Jahr der Pandemie zeigte sich ein Rückgang der Häufigkeiten im 2. Quartal bei ansonsten nahezu gleichbleibenden Zahlen. Es zeigte sich eine Verschiebung der Diagnosen mit deutlicher Zunahme von internalisierenden Störungen. Neben Pandemie bedingten Einflüssen müssen auch Fragen der Inanspruchnahme oder begrenzter Ressourcen im Gesundheitssystem sowie allgemeine gesellschaftliche Entwicklungen bei der Interpretation der Daten beachtet werden.
Onkologische Thoraxchirurgie während der COVID-19-Pandemie: eine Fallkontrollstudie zum Risiko für postoperative Komplikationen
Authors: Hassan Mohamed , Le Uyen-Thao , Grapatsas Konstantinos , Passlick Bernward , Schmid Severin 
Published: May 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die COVID-19-Pandemie hatte, neben der
offensichtlichen Bedeutung als eigenständige Erkrankung, einen schwerwiegenden Einfluss auf
alle Aspekte der medizinischen Versorgung. In der onkologischen Chirurgie mussten Operationen
verschoben werden oder es kam zu verzögerten Diagnosen onkologischer Erkrankungen, was neben
der Sorge um unzureichende Ressourcen auch in der Unsicherheit bezüglich der perioperativen
Risiken begründet lag. In dieser Studie untersuchen wir die Sicherheit der Durchführung
onkologischer thoraxchirurgischer Eingriffe während der COVID-19-Pandemie.
Patienten und Methoden Es wurden retrospektiv die Ergebnisse der
thoraxchirurgischen Operationen bei onkologischen Patienten am Universitätsklinikum Freiburg
während der 1., 2. und 3. Welle der COVID-19-Pandemie (vom 01.01. bis 30.04.2020 sowie vom
01.01. bis 30.04.2021) untersucht. Als Kontrollgruppe wurden die im gleichen Zeitraum vor der
Pandemie (2018 und 2019) durchgeführten Operationen gewählt. Der primäre Endpunkt war das
Auftreten postoperativer Komplikationen.
Ergebnisse 236 Operationen in der Pandemiekohorte und 227
Operationen in der Kontrollkohorte wurden in die Studie eingeschlossen. Es gab keinen
Unterschied in der Inzidenzrate von postoperativen Minor-Komplikationen (16,1% vs. 18,5%,
p = 0,5395) oder Major-Komplikationen (12,2% vs. 10,13%, p = 0,5563) zwischen der
Pandemiekohorte und der Kontrollkohorte. Es zeigte sich kein erhöhtes Risiko für postoperative
pulmonale Komplikationen in der Pandemiekohorte (Odds Ratio = 1,193, 95%-KI= 0,6515–2,203,
p = 0,8232). Eine COVID-19-Infektion nach der Operation trat bei 5 Patienten der
Pandemiekohorte auf (2,29%). Die postoperative Motilität innerhalb von 30 Tagen waren
vergleichbar zwischen der Pandemiekohorte und der Kontrollkohorte (2 (0,85%) vs. 1 (0,44%),
p > 0,9999). Es gab keine COVID-19-infektionsbedingte Mortalität.
Schlussfolgerung Die Durchführung von onkologischen
thoraxchirurgischen Operationen während der COVID-19-Pandemie ist, unter Einhaltung der
entsprechenden Sicherheitsmaßnahmen, sicher und weder mit einer erhöhten Komplikationsrate
noch einer erhöhten Mortalität verbunden.
Acceptability of a Fentanyl Vaccine to Prevent Opioid Overdose and Need for Personalized Decision-Making
Authors: Weitzman Elissa R , Kossowsky Joe , Blakemore Laura M , Cox Rachele , Dowling David J , Levy Ofer , Needles Emma W , Levy Sharon 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background
The opioid epidemic worsened during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Synthetic opioids (primarily fentanyl) comprise the most common drugs involved in overdose (OD) death. A vaccine that blocks fentanyl from reaching the brain to prevent OD is under development, and insight is needed into its acceptability.

Methods
Using a semi-structured interview guide, persons with opioid use disorder (OUD), family, professionals, and the public were interviewed about attitudes and concerns regarding a fentanyl vaccine. Reactions to fictional clinical vignettes of persons at risk of OUD because of pain and/or substance use histories were collected, analyzed, and quantified for favorability. Interviews were transcribed, coded, and analyzed thematically.

Results
Among N = 64 participants, (70.3% female, average age 32.4 years), attitudes were favorable toward a fentanyl vaccine, with preference for lifelong durability (76% of n = 55 asked). Perceived benefits centered on the potential for a life-saving intervention, suffering averted, healthcare dollars saved, and the utility of a passive harm reduction strategy. Concerns centered on uncertainty regarding vaccine safety, questions about efficacy, worry about implications for future pain management, stigma, and need for supportive counseling and guidance to personalize decision making. Reactions to vignettes revealed complex attitudes toward fentanyl vaccination when considering recipient age, health history, and future risks for addiction and pain.

Conclusions
Positive responses to a fentanyl vaccine were found along with appreciation for the complexity of a vaccine strategy to prevent OD in the setting of pain and uncertain durability. Further research is needed to elucidate operational, ethical, and communications strategies to advance the model.
Giant subaortic left ventricular diverticulum with aortic regurgitation and stenosis
Authors: Hu Rui , Wang Zhiwei , Chen Jinling , Wu Zhiyong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A subaortic left ventricular diverticulum (SLVD) represents an extremely rare congenital anomaly. It can be asymptomatic but sometimes develops fatal complications. Treatment has been debated due to limited experience. We present the successful treatment of a giant SLVD with aortic regurgitation and stenosis and ascending aorta dilatation. Our goal is to improve understanding of this rare entity.
A Requiem for Women: Narrative Strategy, Rhetoric, and Ideology in Candrāvatī’s Bengali Rāmāyaṇa
Authors: Bose Mandakranta 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The numerous versions of Vālmīki’s original Rāmāyaṇa in different languages and milieus display an almost limitless cultural and ideological variety. Whether purportedly faithful translations or interpretive re-creations, these versions present a vast range of responses to a narrative that has been often transformed to reflect contemporary social and spiritual experiences and positions. A particularly intriguing example of such a transformation is the late 15th c. Bengali Rāmāyaṇa of Candrāvatī, of interest not only because this is the first extant work by a female author in the tradition of Bengali poetry but more importantly because (i) she composed the narrative from a woman’s point of view, and (ii) she converted the original battle narrative into a dirge for the victims of war, especially women. In her poem the validation of war and conquest is set aside, justice is shown to be unjust, and even faith as a spiritual axiom is undermined. Candrāvatī’s literary strategy, including her diction, iterative statements and lyrical forms, replaces the heroic style of the conventional epic with the language of feminine domesticity. The Rāmāyaṇa is thus turned against itself emotionally and ideologically by being reoriented to women’s repeatedly authenticated experience of the world. My essay traces through the literary and ideological processes of Candrāvatī’s poem its assault upon the chains that bind women as victims of justice perverted in the dominant Rāma legend. Whether and how far that assault also affects the integrity of religious faith lends a speculative edge to my enquiry.
Rethinking the Need for Nail Plate Removal: A Comparison of the Risks Between Standard Nail Bed Repair and Nonoperative Management
Authors: Rao Vinay , Akiki Ronald K. , Crozier Joseph W. , Bhatt Reena A. , Schmidt Scott T. , Kalliainen Loree K. 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
Nail bed injuries are commonly treated with nail plate removal and repair due to concern for future nail deformity. There is controversy whether this is necessary. We compared the outcomes for adult patients with simple nail bed lacerations who underwent either formal nail bed repair or nonoperative management.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was performed of adult patients with nail bed lacerations from 2012 to 2019. Nail bed lacerations were diagnosed in patients with fingertip injuries resulting in subungual hematoma greater than 50% or in any subungual hematoma in the setting of a distal phalanx fracture. All patients included had an intact nail plate. Patients were treated with nail bed laceration repair or nonoperatively without nail plate removal. The primary outcome was the development of a nail deformity. Secondary outcomes included infection, fracture nonunion, and patient-reported functional outcomes using the quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score.

Results
Thirty-eight patients with nail bed lacerations were treated nonoperatively, and 40 patients were treated with nail bed repair. The average follow-up time was 4.5 weeks in the office. In addition, 1-year evaluation of patients was performed through telephone interview. The patients in the nonoperative group exhibited no statistically significant difference in the calculated risk for nail deformities compared with the nail bed repair group (13% vs 23%, relative risk = 0.58, P = 0.40, 95% confidence interval = 0.42–1.25). There were no significant differences in secondary outcomes or quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand scores between groups.

Conclusions
The authors observed no meaningful difference in the rate of nail deformities in adult patients who underwent nail bed repair compared with those managed nonoperatively.
STEREOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF TISSUE PRESERVATION AFTER NEUROPROTECTIVE TREATMENTS FOR TRAUMATIC SPINAL CORD INJURY
Authors: Reigada David , Soto Vanesa , González-Rodríguez María , Asunción Barreda-Manso María , Soto Altea , Muñoz-Galdeano Teresa , Maza Rodrigo M. , Nieto-Díaz Manuel 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTSpinal cord injury (SCI) is a major cause of permanent disability and its causes and pathophysiological effects are very variables between patients. The assessment of tissue damage extent and neurodegeneration degree correlated with the functional evaluation are the most accepted tools to diagnose and prognose the trauma severity. Animal models of SCI have been used for treatment development and in the present work we evaluate the potency of stereological tools to estimate damage degree for a diagnostic of neural degeneration and locomotor and sensorial disability after SCI and the efficacy of different types of therapeutic strategies.
Allelic gene polymorphisms suspected to diversify the individual early metabolic response upon influenza H3N2 and SARS-CoV-2 infections
Authors: Arnholdt-Schmitt Birgit , Aziz Shahid , Costa José Hélio 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this brief report, we point to virus infection time-dependent transcript levels of polymorphic ASMTL genes in human nasal epithelial cells from seven cell origins. Our observations encourage focused top-down and hypothesis-driven studies in support of more efficient allelic genotyping to identify targets for early resilience prediction.
Lymph node-targeted vaccine boosting of TCR-T cell therapy enhances anti-tumor function and eradicates solid tumors
Authors: Drakes Dylan J. , Abbas Abdulraouf M. , Shields Jacqueline , Steinbuck Martin P. , Jakubowski Aniela , Seenappa Lochana M. , Haqq Christopher M. , DeMuth Peter C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWhile T cell receptor (TCR)-modified T cell therapies have shown promise against solid tumors, overall therapeutic benefits in clinical practice have been modest due in part to suboptimal T cell persistence and activation in vivo, alongside the possibility of tumor antigen escape. In this study, we demonstrate an approach to enhance the in vivo persistence and activation of TCR-T cells through combination with Amphiphile (AMP)-vaccination including cognate TCR-T peptides. AMP-modification improves lymph node targeting of conjugated tumor immunogens and adjuvants, thereby coordinating a robust T cell-priming endogenous immune response. Vaccine combination with TCR-T cell therapy provided simultaneous in vivo invigoration of adoptively transferred TCR-T cells and in situ priming of the endogenous anti-tumor T cell repertoire. The resulting induction of an adoptive and endogenous anti-tumor effect led to durable responses in established murine solid tumors refractory to TCR-T cell monotherapy. Protection against recurrence was associated with antigen spreading to additional tumor-associated antigens not targeted by vaccination. Enhanced anti-tumor efficacy was further correlated with pro-inflammatory lymph node transcriptional reprogramming and increased antigen presenting cell maturation, resulting in TCR-T cell expansion and functional enhancement in lymph nodes and solid tumor parenchyma without lymphodepletion. In vitro evaluation of AMP-peptides with matched human TCR-T cells targeting NY-ESO-1, mutant KRAS, and HPV16 E7 illustrated the clinical potential of AMP-vaccination to enhance human TCR-T cell proliferation, activation, and anti-tumor activity. Taken together, these studies provide rationale and evidence to support clinical evaluation of the combination of AMP-vaccination with TCR-T cell therapies to augment anti-tumor activity.SummaryAMP-vaccination targets the lymph nodes to enhance TCR-T cell therapy resulting in solid tumor eradication and durable protection against recurrence.