bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cyclandelate in the Management of Tinnitus: A Randomized, Placebo‐Controlled Study
Authors: Hester T. Oma , Theilman Gary , Green William , Jones Raleigh O. 
Published: September 2022

Cyclandelate is a vasodilating agent that, like papaverine, acts directly on the smooth muscles of blood vessels. The drug has been used primarily as an adjunctive treatment for various peripheral vascular diseases; some studies advocate its use for treating ischemic cerebrovascular disease. Early nonrandomized and uncontrolled studies suggest that cyclandelate is efficacious in treating tinnitus. Recent personal communications regarding cyclandelate's effectiveness in treating tinnitus prompted this study. Fifty‐nine adult patients with constant tinnitus for more than 1 year were randomly selected for this prospective, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind study with a treatment period of 3 months. Audiometric testing with tinnitus pitch and loudness matching was performed before initiation of treatment and at the end of treatment, and frequent questionnaire evaluations were performed during the treatment period. Four patients in the cyclandelate group and three in the placebo group reported a subjective reduction in the loudness of their tinnitus. Audiologic testing before and after treatment showed no significant changes in tinnitus pitch or loudness. Although cyclandelate treatment was beneficial for some patients and the decrease in subjective loudness scoring was significant for the cyclandelate group, the impact of its effect did not appear to warrant its continued use by those patients. A significant percentage of patients could not tolerate the drug because of side effects.
Crystal Park, Bottisham: The Construction Materials of a Roman Villa Complex – A Cambridgeshire Case Study
Authors: Hayward Kevin , Meckseper Christiane 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTThe retention of 2.6 metric tonnes of building material from three rural masonry buildings from Bottisham, south-east Cambridgeshire, provided a rare opportunity for a thorough investigation into their fabric, form, construction style and function. A double-apsidal building may have been a bath-house and another building had evidence for an extensive box-flue tile heating system. Both buildings showed signs of either being unfinished or the heating element having never been used. A third building was a later construction that used rare red-slipped tegulae and imbrices. This article goes beyond suggesting the existence of a villa or villa-type complex at Bottisham to offer a detailed case study of the use of ceramic building materials
Renewables in Antarctica: an assessment of progress to decarbonize the energy matrix of research facilities
Authors: Lucci Juan José , Alegre María , Vigna Leandro 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper tracks the progress of renewable energy deployment at Antarctic facilities, introducing an interactive database and map specifically created for this purpose. Goals, challenges and lessons learnt from these operations are also reported. The data and assessments presented are based on a literature review of government reports, academic articles, online resources, news outlets and interviews conducted with personnel of Antarctic stations. As of 2021, 29 facilities have incorporated renewables in their energy systems, but only one permanent and four summer stations use renewables to meet more than 50% of their energy needs. Four main goals behind the development of renewable energy systems have been identified: fuel cost savings; reduction of the greenhouse gas emissions footprint in alignment with national decarbonization targets; electricity supply for scientific equipment during the winter months; and the development and/or testing of new technologies. The extreme weather conditions and complex logistics of Antarctica put both solar and wind systems under huge stress, which generates operational, technological and budgetary challenges that are also explored in this work.
Layers of privacy in the blockchain: from technological solutionism to human-centred privacy-compliance technologies
Authors: Baquero Pablo Marcello 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDifferent organisations recently published reports identifying the challenges and potential solutions to ensure privacy in blockchain platforms. The proposed solutions frequently emphasise the role of privacy-compliance technologies to be incorporated into the blockchain design. Often, these solutions imply a techno-regulatory approach, ignoring that the level of privacy implemented in a blockchain involves legal and policy choices, disregarding the need to implement human participation and contestability in these platforms. Against this backdrop, this paper proposes to examine how privacy-compliance technologies can incorporate human participation and contestability: first, resorting to the interdisciplinary literature to examine how technological design could balance privacy with human oversight; second, discussing the challenges to ensureex postcontestability for aggrieved data subjects; third, examining the difficulties in identifying liable parties in a blockchain platform. The current disregard of the social and human element risks undermining the role of privacy-compliance technologies in the blockchain.
Remotely Sensing River Greenhouse Gas Exchange Velocity Using the SWOT Satellite
Authors: Brinkerhoff Craig B. , Gleason Colin J. , Zappa Christopher J. , Raymond Peter A. , Harlan Merritt E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTwo decades of research has shown that the global river network emits significant amounts of greenhouse gas. Despite much progress, there is still large uncertainty in the temporal dynamics of gas exchange and thus carbon emissions to the atmosphere. Much of this uncertainty stems from a lack of existing tools for studying the spatiotemporal dynamics of gas exchange velocity (the rate of this diffusive transport). We propose that the NASA/CNES/UKSA/CSA Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite can provide new insights to fluvial gas exchange modeling upon launch and subsequent data collection in 2022. Here, we exploit the distinct geomorphology of SWOT‐observable rivers (>50 m wide) to develop a physical model of gas exchange that is remotely sensible and explains 50% of log‐transformed variation across 166 field measurements of . We then couple this model with established inversion techniques to develop BIKER, the “Bayesian Inference of the Exchange Rate” algorithm. We validate BIKER on 47 SWOT‐simulated rivers without an in‐situ calibration, yielding an algorithm that predicts the timeseries solely from SWOT observations with a by‐river median Kling‐Gupta Efficiency of 0.21. BIKER is better at inferring the temporal variation of gas exchange (median correlation coefficient of 0.91), than reproducing the absolute rates of exchange (median normalized RMSE of 51%). Finally, BIKER is robust to measurement errors implicit in the SWOT data. We suggest that BIKER will be useful in mapping global‐scale fluvial gas exchange and improving emissions estimates when coupled with river models.
Ocean Variability Beneath the Filchner‐Ronne Ice Shelf Inferred From Basal Melt Rate Time Series
Authors: Vaňková Irena , Nicholls Keith W. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFourteen phase‐sensitive radars (ApRES) were deployed on the Filchner‐Ronne Ice Shelf (FRIS) to measure variability in its basal melt rate. Melt rates from sites along the Ronne Depression vary seasonally, consistent with the dynamics of the propagation of seasonal dense water from the western ice front into the cavity. Several sites at the back of the FRIS cavity feature a signal with two seasonal maxima. Sub‐ice shelf oceanographic data available from one of the sites indicate that this signal is caused by two different pathways followed by the same source water. Inter‐annual variability is strongest along a direct flow pathway between western Ronne Ice Front and western Berkner Island. Highest melting occurred in 1999 and 2018, following anomalously low summer sea‐ice concentrations in front of the ice shelf. Inter‐annual melt rate variability at the back of the FRIS cavity is limited. If present, it is expressed as a suppression or delay in the arrival of the seasonal melt rate minimum, which can be understood in terms of inter‐annual stratification changes and variable inflow pathways toward the sites. Long term mean ApRES melt rates agree with estimates from satellite data over eastern FRIS. However, the satellite estimates overstate the area of active basal freezing in the western part of the ice shelf. Furthermore, the temporal melt rate variability from the satellite estimates exaggerates the range of variability at both seasonal and inter‐annual time scales with any correspondence between the in‐situ and remotely derived inter‐annual variability being limited to a single site.
Automatic Detection of Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections in Solar Wind In Situ Data
Authors: Rüdisser H. T. , Windisch A. , Amerstorfer U. V. , Möstl C. , Amerstorfer T. , Bailey R. L. , Reiss M. A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInterplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) are one of the main drivers for space weather disturbances. In the past, different approaches have been used to automatically detect events in existing time series resulting from solar wind in situ observations. However, accurate and fast detection still remains a challenge when facing the large amount of data from different instruments. For the automatic detection of ICMEs we propose a pipeline using a method that has recently proven successful in medical image segmentation. Comparing it to an existing method, we find that while achieving similar results, our model outperforms the baseline regarding training time by a factor of approximately 20, thus making it more applicable for other datasets. The method has been tested on in situ data from the Wind spacecraft between 1997 and 2015 with a True Skill Statistic of 0.64. Out of the 640 ICMEs, 466 were detected correctly by our algorithm, producing a total of 254 false positives. Additionally, it produced reasonable results on datasets with fewer features and smaller training sets from Wind, STEREO‐A, and STEREO‐B with TSSs of 0.56, 0.57, and 0.53, respectively. Our pipeline manages to find the start of an ICME with a mean absolute error (MAE) of around 2 hr and 56 min, and the end time with a MAE of 3 hr and 20 min. The relatively fast training allows straightforward tuning of hyperparameters and could therefore easily be used to detect other structures and phenomena in solar wind data, such as corotating interaction regions.
Hyporheic Exchange in a Straight Stream With Alternate Bars
Authors: Huang Peng , Chui Ting Fong May 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHyporheic exchange (HE) is essential to riverine ecosystem, water quality, and energy cycling in a stream due to its governing role in physicochemical and biological processes in hyporheic zone (HZ). Alternate bars, characterized by a repetitive sequence of diagonal bars with a pool‐riffle bedform, are common geomorphic features that generally form in straight streams. Following similar laboratory and numerical methodology as Huang and Chui (2021, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020wr029182) who investigated the HE induced by pool‐riffle sequences, this study focused on the HE induced by alternate bars (i.e., geomorphic features on stream banks instead of streambed) where the influences of key factors were systematically examined. The results show that alternate bars strongly influence surface flow and induce significant hyporheic flows in both stream banks and streambed, whose patterns, magnitudes, and influential patterns of key factors could be similar to the HE induced by pool‐riffle sequences. The HE flowrate increases linearly with discharge, bed slope, and bar spacing. However, influential patterns of bar width on HE vary, and the bar width changes the influential patterns of discharge and bed slope on HZ scale, highlighting the influence of bar width in the complex interactions among discharge, bed slope, and bar width. All indicators of HE characteristics generally increase with bar spacing and follow exponential relationships with groundwater flow. Findings in this study lay the foundation in research on riparian ecosystems and water quality in the streams with alternate bars and help guide the design of bars during river restorations.
Backward Particle Tracking of Anomalous Transport in Multi‐Dimensional Aquifers
Authors: Zhang Yong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackward particle tracking (BPT) remains a subject of research and applications in hydrology for decades, and most BPT models and software suits assume Fickian diffusion even though pollutant transport in natural aquifers is usually non‐Fickian. To fill this knowledge gap, BPT models were presented in this study for pollutants undergoing sub/super‐diffusion in multi‐dimensional geological media. The resultant BPT governing equations were adjoint models derived for four equally possible, vector fractional diffusion equations. BPT solvers followed a two‐step backward Lagrangian scheme, which differed from its forward Lagrangian scheme in super‐dispersive jumps and boundary conditions. BPT parameter estimability depended on the type of parameters and aquifers according to Monte Carlo analyses: (a) most parameters could be estimated using medium properties or tracer snapshots, while the mean velocity and the space‐dependent dispersion coefficient had poor estimability, and (b) fractured aquifers had a lower estimability for BPT parameters than alluvial aquifers. Mathematical evaluation and field applications showed that the adjoint of the vector fractional‐divergence advection‐dispersion equation (FD‐ADE) identified the source location of pollutants undergoing multiscaling super‐diffusion better than the other BPT models. The adjoint of the vector FD‐ADE and its Lagrangian solver, therefore, were recommended to backtrack pollutants undergoing anomalous transport in aquifers with various degrees of heterogeneity and any dimension and boundary conditions.
Comparison of outcomes for HLA-matched sibling and haplo-identical donors in Myelodysplastic syndromes: report from the chronic malignancies working party of EBMT
Authors: Raj Kavita , Eikema Dirk-Jan , Sheth Vipul , Koster Linda , de Wreede Liesbeth C. , Blaise Didier , Di Grazia Carmela , Koc Yener , Potter Victoria , Chevallier Patrice , Lopez- Corral Lucia , Wu Depei , Mielke Stephan , Maertens Johan , Meijer Ellen , Huynh Anne , Passweg Jakob , Luft Thomas , Pérez-Simón Jose Antonio , Ciceri Fabio , Piekarska Agnieszka , Hayri Ozsan G. , Kröger Nicolaus , Robin Marie , Yakoub-Agha Ibrahim 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMyelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are the second common indication for an Allo-HCT. We compared the outcomes of 1414 matched sibling (MSD) with 415 haplo-identical donors (HD) transplanted with post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) as GVHD prophylaxis between 2014 and 2017. The median age at transplant with MSD was 58 and 61 years for HD. The median time to neutrophil engraftment was longer for HD being 20 vs 16 days for MSD (p < 0.001). Two-year overall survival (OS) and PFS (progression free survival) with MSD were significantly better at 58% compared with 50%, p ≤ 0.001, and 51% vs 47%, p = 0.029, with a HD. Relapse at 2 years was lower with a HD 23% than with MSD 29% (p = 0.016). Non relapse mortality (NRM) was higher with HD in the first 6 months post-transplant [HR 2.59 (1.5–4.48) p < 0.001] and was also higher at 2 years being 30% for HD and 20% for MSD, p ≤ 0.001. The incidence of acute GVHD grade II-IV and III–IV at 100 days was comparable for MSD and HD, however, chronic GVHD at 2 years was significantly higher with MSD being 44% vs 32% for HD (p < 0.001). After multivariable analysis, OS and primary graft failure were significantly worse for HD particularly before 6 months [HR 1.93(1.24–3.0)], and HR [3.5(1.5–8.1)]. The median age of HD 37 (IQR 30–47) years was significantly lower than sibling donors 56 (IQR 49–62 years) p < 0.001. However, there was no effect on NRM, relapse or PFS. This data set suggests that a MSD donor remains the preferred choice in MDS over a haplo donor. Transplants with haploidentical donors result in satisfactory long-term outcome, justifying it’s use when no better donor is available.
Complementary task representations in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex for generalizing the structure of problems
Authors: Samborska Veronika , Butler James L. , Walton Mark E. , Behrens Timothy E. J. , Akam Thomas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHumans and other animals effortlessly generalize prior knowledge to solve novel problems, by abstracting common structure and mapping it onto new sensorimotor specifics. To investigate how the brain achieves this, in this study, we trained mice on a series of reversal learning problems that shared the same structure but had different physical implementations. Performance improved across problems, indicating transfer of knowledge. Neurons in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) maintained similar representations across problems despite their different sensorimotor correlates, whereas hippocampal (dCA1) representations were more strongly influenced by the specifics of each problem. This was true for both representations of the events that comprised each trial and those that integrated choices and outcomes over multiple trials to guide an animal’s decisions. These data suggest that prefrontal cortex and hippocampus play complementary roles in generalization of knowledge: PFC abstracts the common structure among related problems, and hippocampus maps this structure onto the specifics of the current situation.
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells engulf synapses during circuit remodeling in mice
Authors: Auguste Yohan S. S. , Ferro Austin , Kahng Jessica A. , Xavier Andre M. , Dixon Jessica R. , Vrudhula Uma , Nichitiu Anne-Sarah , Rosado Daniele , Wee Tse-Luen , Pedmale Ullas V. , Cheadle Lucas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) give rise to myelinating oligodendrocytes throughout life, but the functions of OPCs are not limited to oligodendrogenesis. Here we show that OPCs contribute to thalamocortical presynapse elimination in the developing and adult mouse visual cortex. OPC-mediated synapse engulfment increases in response to sensory experience during neural circuit refinement. Our data suggest that OPCs may regulate synaptic connectivity in the brain independently of oligodendrogenesis.
Sustainable and green manufacturing of gravure printing cylinder for flexible packaging printing application
Authors: Sharma Bhavna , Singh Sauraj , Pandey Arun , Dutt Dharm , Kulshreshtha Anurag 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRotogravure printing cylinders are engraved by electro-mechanical engraving (EME) process in India used for printing purpose. But this process has drawbacks of the emissions of hazardous gases, solid and water pollution. EME cylinders are better in cell size, depth and needed higher copper and chrome plating thickness. By laser engraving (LE) copper and chromium thickness were reduced by 75 µm and 5 µm in a cylinder by laser engraving with also a reduction in power consumption and plating time. The carbon footprints were also reduced by 227 g per cylinder with a cost-effective solution for rotogravure printing process.
Multi-scopic neuro-cognitive adaptation for legged locomotion robots
Authors: Saputra Azhar Aulia , Wada Kazuyoshi , Masuda Shiro , Kubota Naoyuki 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDynamic locomotion is realized through a simultaneous integration of adaptability and optimality. This article proposes a neuro-cognitive model for a multi-legged locomotion robot that can seamlessly integrate multi-modal sensing, ecological perception, and cognition through the coordination of interoceptive and exteroceptive sensory information. Importantly, cognitive models can be discussed as micro-, meso-, and macro-scopic; these concepts correspond to sensing, perception, and cognition; and short-, medium-, and long-term adaptation (in terms of ecological psychology). The proposed neuro-cognitive model integrates these intelligent functions from a multi-scopic point of view. Macroscopic-level presents an attention mechanism with short-term adaptive locomotion control conducted by a lower-level sensorimotor coordination-based model. Macrosopic-level serves environmental cognitive map featuring higher-level behavior planning. Mesoscopic level shows integration between the microscopic and macroscopic approaches, enabling the model to reconstruct a map and conduct localization using bottom-up facial environmental information and top-down map information, generating intention towards the ultimate goal at the macroscopic level. The experiments demonstrated that adaptability and optimality of multi-legged locomotion could be achieved using the proposed multi-scale neuro-cognitive model, from short to long-term adaptation, with efficient computational usage. Future research directions can be implemented not only in robotics contexts but also in the context of interdisciplinary studies incorporating cognitive science and ecological psychology.
Choice of antibody is critical for specific and sensitive detection of androgen receptor splice variant-7 in circulating tumor cells
Authors: Khan Tanzila , Lock John G. , Ma Yafeng , Harman David G. , de Souza Paul , Chua Wei , Balakrishnar Bavanthi , Scott Kieran F. , Becker Therese M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAndrogen receptor variant 7 (AR-V7) is an important biomarker to guide treatment options for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) patients. Its detectability in circulating tumour cells (CTCs) opens non-invasive diagnostic avenues. While detectable at the transcript level, AR-V7 protein detection in CTCs may add additional information and clinical relevance. The aim of this study was to compare commercially available anti-AR-V7 antibodies and establish reliable AR-V7 immunocytostaining applicable to CTCs from prostate cancer (PCa) patients. We compared seven AR-V7 antibodies by western blotting and immmunocytostaining using a set of PCa cell lines with known AR/AR-V7 status. The emerging best antibody was validated for detection of CRPC patient CTCs enriched by negative depletion of leucocytes. The anti-AR-V7 antibody, clone E308L emerged as the best antibody in regard to signal to noise ratio with a specific nuclear signal. Moreover, this antibody detects CRPC CTCs more efficiently compared to an antibody previously shown to detect AR-V7 CTCs. We have determined the best antibody for AR-V7 detection of CTCs, which will open future studies to correlate AR-V7 subcellular localization and potential co-localization with other proteins and cellular structures to patient outcomes.
A data completion method for identifying pollution intrusion in aquifers
Authors: Guellouz Lamia , Khayat Faten 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe data completion method combined with the modeling of water flow and solute transport in saturated porous media is used twice to identify the extent of polluted water intrusion from the downstream boundary of an aquifer. The aim of this work is to solve the problem even though data are missing on some of the boundaries, by exploiting the fact that there are over specified data on the other boundaries. Indeed, it is assumed that the flow and the water head are known on the upstream boundary while the pollutant concentrations are known on the downstream boundary. The method developed in this work allows to determine the flows, water heads and pollutant concentrations in the whole domain. The method is applied in different aquifer configurations with pumping wells, the results are satisfactory. The model developed has shown its effectiveness in detecting the intrusion of polluted water and can be used in real cases.