bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of oral administration of GABA on thermoregulation in athletes during exercise in cold environments: A preliminary study
Authors: Wang Hongli , Cheng Lin , Han Yanbai 
Published: July 2022

Backgroundγ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a common ingredient in sports supplements and other health products, regulates body temperature in the preoptic area and anterior hypothalamus (PO/AH). To date, no study has examined the effect of GABA on thermoregulation during exercise in humans in a cold temperature environment (11 ± 0.3°C, 45% ± 2% relative humidity).MethodsWe performed a randomized, double-blind study. Ten trained male athletes consumed either a drink (3 ml/kg weight) containing GABA (1,000 mg, trial G) or an equivalent amount of placebo drink (trial C) before exercise. They rested for 20 min and then cycled at 60% of maximum output power for 40 min, pedaling at 60 rpm, and recovered for 20 min. Core temperature (Tc), skin temperature (upper arm, chest, thigh, calf), and heart rate (HR) were monitored at rest (T0), exercise begins (T20), 20 min of exercise (T40), the exercise ends (T60), and at recovery (T80).ResultsCompared to T0, Tc decreased significantly at T20 and increased significantly at T40, T60 and T80 (p &lt; 0.01). From 35–80 min, the Tc was higher in trial G (peaked at 37.96 ± 0.25°C) than in trial C (37.89 ± 0.37°C), but it failed to reach significant difference (p &gt; 0.05); Tsk continued to increase during exercise and was significantly higher than T0 at T40 (p &lt; 0.05), T60 and T80 (p &lt; 0.01). There was no significant difference in Tsk between the two trials (p &gt; 0.05).ConclusionOur findings provide initial evidence that oral administration of GABA does not affect thermoregulation and has no adverse effects on the body as an ergogenic exercise supplement during exercise in cold environments.
Risk Prediction Model for Synchronous Oligometastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Thoracic Radiotherapy May Not Prolong Survival in High-Risk patients
Authors: Meng Chunliu , Wang Fang , Tian Jia , Wei Jia , Li Xue , Ren Kai , Xu Liming , Zhao Lujun , Wang Ping 
Published: July 2022

Background and PurposeOn the basis of the promising clinical study results, thoracic radiotherapy (TRT)1 has become an integral part of treatment of synchronous oligometastatic non–small cell lung cancer (SOM-NSCLC). However, some of them experienced rapid disease progression after TRT and showed no significant survival benefit. How to screen out such patients is a more concerned problem at present. In this study, we developed a risk-prediction model by screening hematological and clinical data of patients with SOM-NSCLC and identified patients who would not benefit from TRT.Materials and MethodsWe investigated patients with SOM-NSCLC between 2011 and 2019. A formula named Risk-Total was constructed using factors screened by LASSO-Cox regression analysis. Stabilized inverse probability treatment weight analysis was used to match the clinical characteristics between TRT and non-TRT groups. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS).ResultsWe finally included 283 patients divided into two groups: 188 cases for the training cohort and 95 for the validation cohort. Ten prognostic factors included in the Risk-Total formula were age, N stage, T stage, adrenal metastasis, liver metastasis, sensitive mutation status, local treatment status to metastatic sites, systemic inflammatory index, CEA, and Cyfra211. Patients were divided into low- and high-risk groups based on risk scores, and TRT was found to have improved the OS of low-risk patients (46.4 vs. 31.7 months, P = 0.083; 34.1 vs. 25.9 months, P = 0.078) but not that of high-risk patients (14.9 vs. 11.7 months, P = 0.663; 19.4 vs. 18.6 months, P = 0.811) in the training and validation sets, respectively.ConclusionWe developed a prediction model to help identify patients with SOM-NSCLC who would not benefit from TRT, and TRT could not improve the survival of high-risk patients.
Effects of polymorphisms in the MTHFR gene on 5-FU hematological toxicity and efficacy in Thai colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Atasilp Chalirmporn , Lenavat Rinradee , Vanwong Natchaya , Chansriwong Phichai , Sirachainan Ekaphop , Reungwetwattana Thanyanan , Jinda Pimonpan , Aiempradit Somthawin , Sirilerttrakul Suwannee , Chamnanphon Monpat , Puangpetch Apichaya , Sankuntaw Nipaporn , Satapornpong Patompong , Sukasem Chonlaphat 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundThe two common methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphisms 677G&gt;A and 1298A&gt;C may have been affecting 5-FU toxicity in cancer patients for decades. Drug efficacy has also been shown by previous studies to be affected. In this study, we investigated the effects of these polymorphisms on 5-FU hematological toxicity and treatment efficacy, to provide enhanced pharmacological treatment for cancer patients.MethodsThis is a retrospective study involving 52 Thai colorectal cancer patients who were treated with 5-FU based therapy, using TaqMAN real-time PCR to genotype the MTHFR polymorphisms (677G&gt;A and 1298A&gt;C). The toxicity and response rate were assessed using standardized measures.ResultsNeutropenia was significantly more likely to be experienced (P=0.049, OR=7.286, 95% CI=0.697-76.181) by patients with the MTHFR 677G&gt;A polymorphism, in the same way as leukopenia (P =0.036, OR=3.333, 95%CI=2.183-5.090) and thrombocytopenia (P&lt;0.001, OR=3.917, 95%CI=2.404-6.382). The MTHFR 1298A&gt;C polymorphism had no statistical association with hematological toxicity in 5-FU treatment. The response rate to 5-FU was not significantly affected by these two polymorphisms.ConclusionThe MTHFR polymorphism 677G&gt;A is a significant risk factor for developing leukopenia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia as toxic effects of 5-FU therapy in cancer patients. Therefore, patients receiving 5-FU-based therapy should be aware of their polymorphisms as one risk factor for experiencing severe toxicity.
Clinical Implications of Nadir Serum Prostate-Specific Antigen Levels After Transurethral Enucleation of the Prostate
Authors: Cheng Yung-Ting , Hong Jian-Hua , Lu Yu-Chuan , Chang Yi-Kai , Hung Shih-Chun , Feng Kuo-Kang , Liu Shih-Ping , Chow Po-Ming , Chang Hong-Chiang , Chen Chung-Hsin , Pu Yeong-Shiau 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveProstate-specific antigen levels after transurethral enucleation of the prostate may serve as indicators of residual cancer foci. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between the post-transurethral enucleation of the prostate nadir prostate-specific antigen level and prostate cancer.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the data of 428 men who underwent transurethral enucleation of the prostate between March 2015 and April 2021. Based on the following exclusion criteria, we excluded 106 men from our analysis: men with metastatic prostate cancer, incomplete transurethral enucleation of the prostate, and missing prostate-specific antigen or prostate size data. Three hundred and twenty-two patients were finally enrolled in our study. These patients were classified into four groups according to the surgical pathology: benign, transition zone (cancer only in the adenoma or transition zone), peripheral zone, and transition and peripheral zones. The optimal cutoff post-transurethral enucleation of the prostate nadir prostate-specific antigen level that predicted residual prostate cancer was determined using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.ResultsIn total, 71 (22.0%) men exhibited prostate cancer (median follow-up, 38.0 months). The benign and combined cancer groups showed similar adenoma removal rates (103.0% and 106.7%, respectively). The median nadir prostate-specific antigen levels after transurethral enucleation of the prostate were 0.76, 0.63, 1.79, and 1.70 ng/ml in the benign, transition zone, peripheral zone, and transition and peripheral zone groups, respectively (p &lt; 0.001), with no difference between the benign and transition zone groups (p = 0.458); this suggested that complete transurethral enucleation of the prostate removed all cancer nests in the adenoma in the transition zone group. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that nadir prostate-specific antigen ≧1.7 ng/ml predicted residual cancer (area under the curve: 0.787) or cancer with a Gleason score of ≧7 (area under the curve: 0.816) in the remaining prostate. Limitations include the retrospective design and the perioperative peripheral zone biopsy rate.ConclusionsThe post-transurethral enucleation of the prostate nadir prostate-specific antigen ≧1.7 ng/ml after complete transurethral enucleation of the prostate can predict significant residual cancer. Prostate cancer patients with low post-transurethral enucleation of the prostate prostate-specific antigen levels can be conservatively managed.
An Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Dimerization Inhibitor Prevents the Progression of Osteoarthritis
Authors: Xian Bo Shang , Yan Jie Wang , De Chao Cai , Sai Ma , Zhe Wang , Ya Kun Zhu , Hui Hui Guo , Chen Wang , Xiao Ma , Zhong Yao Hu , Hao Ran Yu , Ji Sen Zhang , Wen Dan Cheng 
Published: July 2022

Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease. Excessive nitric oxide (NO) mediates the chondrocyte inflammatory response, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation during the occurrence and development of OA. NO in chondrocytes is mainly produced by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). The aim of this study was to design and synthesize an iNOS dimerization inhibitor and evaluate its effects on chondrocyte inflammation and articular cartilage injury in OA via in vitro and in vivo experiments.Design: The title compound 22o was designed, synthesized, and screened based on a previous study. The effects of different concentrations (5, 10, and 20 μM) of compound 22o on chondrocyte inflammatory response and ECM anabolism or catabolism were evaluated by Western blot and real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction using the rat chondrocyte model of IL-1β-induced OA. Furthermore, different doses (40 and 80 mg/kg) of compound 22o were administered by gavage to a rat OA model induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT), and their protective effects on the articular cartilage were evaluated by histopathology and immunohistochemistry.Results: Compound 22o showed effective iNOS inhibitory activity by inhibiting the dimerization of iNOS. It inhibited the IL-1β-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3) in the chondrocytes, decreased NO production, and significantly increased the expression levels of the ECM anabolic markers, aggrecan (ACAN), and collagen type II (COL2A1). Gavage with compound 22o was found to be effective in the rat OA model induced by ACLT, wherein it regulated the anabolism and catabolism and exerted a protective effect on the articular cartilage.Conclusions: Compound 22o inhibited the inflammatory response and catabolism of the chondrocytes and reduced articular cartilage injury in the rat OA model, indicating its potential as a disease-modifying OA drug.
RAB39B as a Chemosensitivity-Related Biomarker for Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Xu Cong , Liang Ting , Liu Jing , Fu Yunfeng 
Published: July 2022

Background: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common aggressive lymphoma with an increased tendency to relapse or refractoriness. RAB39B, a member of the Ras-oncogene superfamily, is associated with a variety of tumors. Nevertheless, the role of RAB39B in DLBCL is still unknown. This study aimed to identify the role of RAB39B in DLBCL using integrated bioinformatics analysis.Methods: RAB39B expression data were examined using TIMER, UCSC, and GEO databases. The LinkedOmics database was used to study the genes and signaling pathways related to RAB39B expression. A Protein–protein interaction network was performed in STRING. TIMER was used to analyze the correlation between RAB39B and infiltrating immune cells. The correlation between RAB39B and m6A-related genes in DLBCL was analyzed using TCGA data. The RAB39B ceRNA network was constructed based on starBase and miRNet2.0 databases. Drug sensitivity information was obtained from the GSCA database.Results: RAB39B was highly expressed in multiple tumors including DLBCL. The protein–protein interaction network showed enrichment of autophagy and RAS family proteins. Functional enrichment analysis of RAB39B co-expression genes revealed that RAB39B was closely related to DNA replication, protein synthesis, cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, and autophagy. Immune infiltrate analysis showed that the amount of RAB39B was negatively correlated with iDC, Tem, and CD8 T-cell infiltration. CD4+ T cell and DC were negatively correlated with CNV of RAB39B. DLBCL cohort analysis found that RAB39B expression was related to 14 m6A modifier genes, including YTHDC1, YTHDC2, YTHDF1, YTHDF2, YTHDF3, RBMX, ZC3H13, METTL14, METTL3, RBM15, RBM15B, VIRMA, FTO, and ALKBH5. We constructed 14 possible ceRNA networks of RAB39B in DLBCL. The RAB39B expression was associated with decreased sensitivity of chemotherapy drugs such as dexamethasone, doxorubicin, etoposide, vincristine, and cytarabine and poor overall survival in DLBCL. In vitro experiments showed that RAB39B was associated with proliferation, apoptosis, and drug sensitivity of DLBCL cells.Conclusion: RAB39B is abnormally elevated and related to drug resistance and poor OS in DLBCL, which may be due to its involvement in immune infiltration, m6A modification, and regulation by multiple non-coding RNAs. RAB39B may be used as an effective biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of DLBCL.
Self-Report Measures Assessing Aspects of Personal Recovery in Relatives and Other Informal Carers of Those With Psychosis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hilton Claire , Jones Steven , Akers Nadia , Panagaki Katerina , Sellwood William 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundProviding long-term care for a family member with psychosis can cause significant distress for informal carers due to the trauma of seeing their loved one in crisis, dealing with the difficult symptoms of psychosis and the burden of providing care. An important aspect of carers' adjustment can be construed as their personal recovery in relation to having a relative affected by psychosis. Self-report measures are increasingly used to assess personal recovery in service users, but less is known about the utility of such tools for carers.AimsThis review aimed to identify all self-report measures assessing aspects of carers' personal recovery, and to quality appraise them.MethodsAcademic Search Ultimate, CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsychINFO and PubMed were searched for articles that reported the development of self-report measures created for carers of those with psychosis. Studies were appraised using the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of health status Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) checklist. A Levels of Evidence synthesis provided overall quality scores for each measure.ResultsThe search identified 3,154 articles for initial screening. From a total of 322 full text articles, 95 self-report measures were identified with a final 10 measures included for the quality assessment showing varying levels of psychometric rigor.ConclusionsThe results show that no single self-report measure is currently available for use to comprehensively assess personal recovery for carers, highlighting the need for further research in this area and the development of a new measure.
Physical Fitness, Exercise Behaviors, and Sense of Self-Efficacy Among College Students: A Descriptive Correlational Study
Authors: Han Shan-shan , Li Bo , Wang Guang-xu , Ke You-zhi , Meng Shu-qiao , Li Ya-xing , Cui Zhong-lei , Tong Wen-xia 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundSelf-efficacy is an important component of the mental well-being of college students. This study aimed to evaluate the development and the correlation between physical fitness (PF), exercise behavior, and self-efficacy in college students. To examine whether PF in individual college students can predict self-efficacy, and whether exercise behavior mediates this relationship.MethodsThis was an observational study of 1923 randomly selected college students (50.5% girl). Measures included the Physical Activity Rating Scale, the Self-Efficacy Scale, and PF testing.ResultsSelf-efficacy was weakly correlated to both PF (r = 0.240) and exercise behavior (r = 0.248). In regression analysis, PF explained 24.7% of the variance in self-efficacy, increasing to 29.4% when exercise behavior was considered. Therefore, the predictive effect of PF on self-efficacy is partially realized through healthy exercise behavior.ConclusionPhysical fitness can predict self-efficacy among college students, with exercise behavior being an important mediation of this relationship. Strategies to improve positive exercise behaviors and PF could improve students’ self-efficacy and overall mental health.
Gender Differences in the Psychopharmacological Treatment of Forensic In-Patients With Schizophrenia
Authors: Mayer Juliane , Vasic Nenad , Wolf Viviane , Steiner Ivonne , Klein Verena , Fritz Michael , Rothe Philipp , Streb Judith , Dudeck Manuela 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundIn forensic psychiatry, psychopharmacological treatment plays a crucial role for patients with schizophrenia in improving their medical as well as legal prognosis. However, an increase in the number of females entering forensic treatment has yet to yield empirical research on the outcome of psychopharmacological treatment of female patients with schizophrenia in terms of efficacy and tolerability.AimsThe aim of the present study is to elucidate pharmacological treatment strategies of women with schizophrenia in forensic psychiatry in comparison with men.MethodsThis study compares psychopharmacological treatment strategies, psychopathological features, as well as neurological and metabolic side effects of treatment between 29 female and 29 male in-patients with schizophrenia in three forensic facilities in Bavaria, Germany.ResultsResults show significant differences between genders. Poorer psychopathological and neurological features were found in the female sample, while men registered worse metabolic parameters. In terms of psychopharmacological treatment strategies, female in-patients were more often prescribed second-generation depot antipsychotics. Surprisingly, the potency of the dosages did not differ between genders. The results suggest that female forensic patients with schizophrenia have more severe and refractory diseases than their male counterparts.ConclusionRecommendations for gender-specific treatment strategies are derived.
The course and determinants of post-traumatic stress over 12 months after hospitalization for COVID-19
Authors: Stavem Knut , Heir Trond , Dammen Toril , Brønstad Eivind , Lerum Tøri Vigeland , Durheim Michael T. , Lund Kristine M. A. , Aarli Bernt B. , Einvik Gunnar 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveTo assess the trajectory of symptoms and symptom-defined post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) from 1.5 to 12 months after hospitalization for COVID-19 and determine risk factors for persistent symptoms and PTSD.MethodsThis was a prospective cohort study of consecutive patients discharged after hospitalization for COVID-19 before 1 June 2020 in six hospitals in Southern Norway. Symptom-defined PTSD was assessed by the post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) at 1.5, 3 and/or 12 months after hospitalization, using DSM-5 criteria. Changes in PCL-5 symptom score and the prevalence of PTSD were analyzed with multivariable mixed models.ResultsIn total, 388 patients were discharged alive, and 251 (65%) participated. Respondents had a mean (SD) age of 58.4 (14.2) years, and 142 (57%) were males. The prevalence of symptom-defined PTSD was 14, 8, and 9% at 1.5, 3, and 12 months, respectively. WHO disease severity for COVID-19 was not associated with PCL-5 scores. Female sex, lower age and non-Norwegian origin were associated with higher PCL-5 scores. The odds ratio (OR) (95%CI) for PTSD was 0.32 (0.12 to 0.83, p = 0.019) at 3 months and 0.38 (0.15 to 0.95, p = 0.039) at 12 months compared to 1.5 months. There was no association between PTSD and WHO severity rating.ConclusionsThe level of PTSD symptoms decreased from 1.5 to 3 months after hospitalization, but did not decrease further to 12 months, and there was no association between PTSD symptoms and COVID-19 disease severity.
Changes in inhibitory control, craving and affect after yoga vs. aerobic exercise among smokers with nicotine dependence
Authors: Kim Hyungsook , Kim Jingu , Woo Minjung , Kim Teri 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesThis study investigated the acute effects of yoga and aerobic exercise on response inhibition and the underlying neural mechanisms in individuals with nicotine dependence, along with changes in craving and affect.Materials and methodsStudy participants included 30 yoga-naïve adult smokers with moderate-to-high nicotine dependence. Based on a within-subjects design, all participants participated in three experimental sessions: baseline, 30-min yoga, and 30-min aerobic exercise; one session was conducted per day. The pre- and post-exercise Questionnaire of Smoking Urges and the Visual Analogue Scale were used to measure cigarette craving, and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule was used to assess affective change. For cognitive measurement of inhibition, participants performed a Go/Nogo task consisting of Smoking-Go, Smoking-Nogo, Neutral-Go, and Neutral-Nogo stimulus conditions. Neuroelectric data were collected and the event-related potential (ERP) N2 and P3 amplitudes and latencies were analyzed.ResultsBoth yoga and aerobic exercise significantly reduced negative affect, whereas a reduction in craving was only observed after yoga. ERP results indicated that the P3 amplitudes after yoga were lower than those after aerobic exercise, suggesting increased neural efficiency after yoga, with reduced neural activity while maintaining the same level of cognitive performance as aerobic exercise.ConclusionAs yoga and aerobic exercise were equally effective in attenuating negative affect, smokers may expect greater benefits from yoga in craving reduction and inhibitory control with less physical and cognitive effort. We also believe that video-based yoga practice may provide additional benefits to these effects, reaching a large number of smokers in a non-face-to-face manner.