bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Durability of PBO nets (Olyset Plus ® ), 12 months after their distribution in Bertoua, Cameroon
Authors: NKAHE Diane Leslie , Kopya Edmond , Siewe Idriss Nasser Ngangue , Mbiakop Paulette Ndjeunia , Chouakeu Nelly Armanda Kala , Awono-Ambene Parfait , Antonio-Nkondjio Christophe 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The rapid spread of pyrethroid resistance has led to a change in strategy, going from pyrethroid-based nets to PBO + pyrethroid-treated nets. Although these new nets may significantly improve the control of pyrethroid-resistant mosquitoes, their durability in the field remain not yet well documented. This study investigates the durability and washing resistance of Olyset-Plus nets in the city centre and rural areas of Bertoua, Cameroon. In each site, a semi-structured questionnaire was administered to at least 190 households with an Olyset-Plus net. Factors such as net use, physical integrity and bioefficacy were recorded. Bioassays were conducted on the collected nets to assess their bioefficacy and resistance to washing. They were tested against wild Anopheles gambiae sensus lato (s.l.). Unused nets and the Kisumu strain were used as controls. Washing and cone testing of the nets was carried out according to standard WHO protocols.
Results
A high rate of net use by children was recorded in the urban area (89.08% (106/119) compared to the rural area (39.73% (118/297). The majority of Olyset-Plus nets inspected 82.23% (162/197) in the rural area and 88.03% (206/234) in the urban centre were in good condition (Hole Index < 64). Only 5.58% and 6.84% of nets were badly torn in rural and urban sites respectively. Nets were washed more regularly in the urban centre. 88.10% of urban dwellers reported having washed their nets at least once compared to only 61.98% of rural dwellers. Bioefficacy tests with nets indicated a mortality rate ranging from 65.89% for unwashed nets to 86.66% for nets washed at least once. Bioefficacy varied significantly in the city of Bertoua according to net washing frequency, soaking time, soap type and drying location, whereas in the rural village, only washing and soaking status (washed or unwashed, soaked or unsoaked) significantly influenced the bioefficacy of Olyset-Plus nets.
Conclusions
This study revealed different handling practices of bed nets in rural and urban settings which could significantly affect Olyset-Plus nets bio-efficacy and durability. Routine monitoring and sensitization of communities on best practices concerning bed nets usage and handling during mass distribution might enhance the net durability in the field.
Ethics, Data Science, and Health and Human Services: Embedded Bias in Policy Approaches to Teen Pregnancy Prevention
Authors: Woodard Davon , Ashqar Huthaifa I , Ji Taoran 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aims to evaluate the Chicago Teen Pregnancy Prevention Initiative delivery optimization outcomes given policy-neutral and policy-focused approaches to deliver this program to at-risk teens across the City of Chicago.
Methods
We collect and compile several datasets from public sources including: Chicago Department of Public Health clinic locations, two public health statistics datasets, census data of Chicago, list of Chicago public high schools, and their Locations. Our policy-neutral approach will consist of an equal distribution of funds and resources to schools and centers, regardless of past trends and outcomes. The policy-focused approaches will evaluate two models: first, a funding model based on prediction models from historical data; and second, a funding model based on economic and social outcomes for communities.
Results
Results of this study confirms our initial hypothesis, that even though the models are optimized from a machine learning perspective, there is still possible that the models will produce wildly different results in the real-world application.
Conclusions
When ethics and ethical considerations are extended beyond algorithmic optimization to encompass output and societal optimization, the foundation and philosophical grounding of the decision-making process become even more critical in the knowledge discovery process.
Translating and validating the Child HCAHPS survey in Japan: A single-center cross-sectional study
Authors: Inata Yu , Nakagami-Yamaguchi Etsuko 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose:
The Child Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems Survey (Child HCAHPS) assesses the experiences of pediatric patients and their parents or guardians with inpatient care. This study aimed to develop a Japanese version of the Child HCAHPS and to examine its validity and reliability.
Methods:
A draft Japanese version of the Child HCAHPS was produced in a conceptually equivalent and culturally appropriate manner. Using the draft Japanese version, the survey was administered using a push-to-web method to eligible parents/guardians of children (aged 0–17 years) discharged from a tertiary children’s hospital in Osaka, Japan in December 2021 through March 2022. Construct validity and internal consistency reliability were tested.
Results:
Of 1,300 eligible candidates to whom survey invitations were mailed, 460 returned complete surveys (response rate 35%). The validity of a composite “Involving teens in their care” remained unproven. With the remaining composites, however, confirmatory factor analysis showed fair goodness of fit of the same factor structure as that of the original Child HCAHPS (the comparative fit index = 0.92, Tucker-Lewis index = 0.90, and root mean square error of approximation = 0.052). The Cronbach coefficient was close to or above 0.7 for most of the items indicating a good reliability.
Conclusions:
The Japanese Child HCAHPS demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties for assessing patient and family experiences in a Japanese tertiary children’s hospital. However, several items and composites with suboptimal properties warrant further validation in future multicenter surveys.
ABGS Segmenter: Pixel wise Adaptive Background Subtraction and Intensity Ratio based Shadow Removal Approach for Moving Object Detection in Video Surveillance Application
Authors: Agrawal Supriya , Natu Prachi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background subtraction approaches are used to detect moving objects with high recognition rate and less computation time. These methods are facing two challenges such as selection of appropriate threshold value and shadow pixels’ removal for correct foreground detection. In this paper, we solve these challenges by proposing new background subtraction method called ABGS Segmenter which is based on two level adaptive thresholding approach where reference frame is created using mean based thresholding to generate initial value of threshold and accelerate the process of foreground segmentation for remaining frames by adaptively updating the threshold value at pixel level. ABGS Segmenter is also capable to remove shadow pixels by fusing chromaticity based YCbCr color space model with intensity ratio method for improving the percentage of correct pixels’ classification measure. Comprehensive experiments are evaluated on three benchmark datasets (Highway, PET 2006 and SBU) and observed that proposed work achieves better results than existing methods.
H2O2 participates induction and formation of potato tubers by activating tuberization-related signal transduction pathways
Authors: Lei Chunxia , Ye Mingwang , Li Canhui , Gong Ming 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS, especially hydrogen peroxide, H2O2) act as signaling molecules to mediate growth, development and stress response of plants. However, whether and how H2O2 is involved in induction and formation of potato tubers is little known. The present study showed that there was an obvious accumulation of ROS (including H2O2, O2·- and total ROS) during tuber induction and formation in stolons/tubers, especially in the hook-like subapical part of stolons prior to tuberization detected by staining observation and quantitative measurement. Furthermore, exogenous H2O2 treatment significantly enhanced percentage of tuber formation. By contrast, addition of either the ROS inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI) or H2O2 scavenger catalase (CAT) resulted in a decline of tuber formation. In addition, expression analysis of 9 key tuberization-related genes demonstrated that the H2O2-induced tuberization could be associated with H2O2-controlled regulation of these tuberization- and signaling pathway-related genes, especially SELF-PRUNING 6A gene (StSP6A), which was dramatically up-regulated during early stage of tuber induction and H2O2 treatment. When StSP6A was knocked out by CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genome editing, the tuberization frequency of StSP6A null-mutants became extremely lower under H2O2 treatments. These findings indicate that H2O2 accumulation in stolons might plays an important role acting as a signaling molecule to initiate tuber induction, H2O2-induced tuber formation is triggered by regulating the tuberization-related gene expression and activating signal transduction pathways, and StSP6A is a pivotal player in the H2O2-induced tuber formation in potato.
HslO ameliorates arrested ΔrecA polA cell growth and reduces DNA damage and oxidative stress responses
Authors: Kaidow Akihiro , Ishii Noriko , Suzuki Shingo , Shiina Takashi , Endoh Kazuho , Murakami Yuuki , Kasahara Hirokazu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Chromosome damage combined with defective recombinase activity has been widely considered to render cells inviable, owing to deficient double-strand break repair. However, temperature-sensitive recAts polA cells grow well under both SOS response conditions and when supplemented with catalase at restrictive temperatures. These treatments reduce intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, which suggests that recAts polA cells are susceptible to ROS, but not chronic chromosome damage. Therefore, we investigated whether polA cells can tolerate a complete lack of recombinase function. We introduced a ΔrecA allele in polA cells in the presence or absence of the hslO expression plasmid. Induction of the hslO gene with IPTG resulted in increased cell viability in ΔrecA polA cells with the hslO expression plasmid. ΔrecA polA cells in the absence of the hslO expression plasmid showed L medium sensitivity with increasing ROS levels. Adding catalase to the culture medium significantly rescued growth arrest and increased ROS. These results suggest that hslO expression manages oxidative stress to an acceptable level in cells with oxidative damage and rescues cell growth. Overall, ROS may regulate several processes, from damage response to cell division, via ROS-sensitive cell metabolism.
The prognostic role of LIPG gene in lung adenocarcinoma and its possible mechanism
Authors: Wang Shan , Chen Zhaoxin , Lv Hongwei , wang Cong , Wei Huamin , Yu Jing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), as the most common histological subtype of primary lung cancer, is characterized by rapid proliferation and easy metastasis. Although many biomarkers for LUAD have been identified, their specificity and sensitivity remain unsatisfactory. Abnormal lipid metabolism plays a major role in the occurrence and development of tumors. Endothelial lipase (EL) is a key enzyme in high density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism, and its encoding gene is endothelial lipase gene (LIPG). In present study, bioinformatics and clinical sample data were used to explore the relationship between LIPG and clinical characteristics and prognosis of LUAD patients, and the possible mechanism of LIPG in LUAD was also explored. The results showed that LIPG is associated with poor prognosis in LUAD patients, and may influence the occurrence and development of tumors by participating in lipid metabolism and immune signaling pathways of LUAD. The present study may provide new evidence for individualized precision therapy for LUAD patients.
Excellent multifunctional behaviors of epoxy nanocomposites reinforced with graphene aerogel
Authors: Mahdavi Seyed Mostafa , Adibnazari Saeed 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this study, graphene aerogel (GA) was utilized to improve the multifunctionality of epoxy resin, which is highly necessary in its applications in integrated circuits and semiconductors. A scalable method with high capability for production of large size GA with desirable quality was proposed for GA synthesis. The synthesized GA was utilized to produce epoxy nanocomposite by epoxy resin infiltration in its macro-pores. Flexural modulus of the GA/epoxy nanocomposite was experimentally investigated and the results showed 30% increase with respect to the pure epoxy. The electrical conductivity of the nanocomposite reached to remarkable amount of 0.7 S/m, which is 13 orders of magnitudes more than the electrical conductivity of the neat epoxy. Moreover, the measured thermal conductivity for pure epoxy and GA/epoxy nanocomposites were 0.23 and 0.40 W/mK, respectively. The percentage of thermal conductivity enhancement per filler content is more than 101, which is in the top range of the reached values by various filler types in polymer nanocomposites. The proposed method could simultaneously increase the mechanical, electrical and thermal properties of epoxy polymer, and could be greatly beneficial for applications that need epoxy polymer with high multifunctionality.
PrevAleNce and Associated factors of inappropriaTe dosing of direct Oral anticoaguLants In pAtients with Atrial Fibrillation: The ANATOLIA-AF Study
Authors: Kocabaş Umut , Ergin Işıl , Yavuz Veysel , Murat Selda , Özdemir İbrahim , Genç Ömer , Altın Cihan , Tüner Haşim , Meriç Bengisu Keskin , Çoner Ali , Yüce Elif İlkay , Boyraz Bedrettin , Aslan Onur , Dal Ahmet , Şen Taner , İbişoğlu Ersin , Erdoğan Aslan , Özgeyik Mehmet , Demir Mevlüt , Bilgel Ziya Gökalp , Şengör Büşra Güvendi , Urgun Örsan Deniz , Doğduş Mustafa , Tekin Deniz Dilan Naki , Çakal Sinem , Çayırlı Sercan , Güler Arda , Karabulut Dilay , Dalgıç Onur , Uzman Osman , Murat Bektaş , Şahin Şeyda , Karabulut Umut , Kıvrak Tarık , Coşgun Muharrem Said , Özyurtlu Ferhat , Kaplan Mehmet , Özçalık Emre 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Purpose: Inappropriate dosing of direct oral anticoagulants is associated with an increased risk of stroke, systemic embolism, major bleeding, cardiovascular hospitalization, and death in patients with atrial fibrillation. The main goal of the study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of inappropriate dosing of direct oral anticoagulants in real-life settings.Methods: This study was a multicenter, cross-sectional, observational study that included 2,004 patients with atrial fibrillation. The study population was recruited from 41 cardiology outpatient clinics between January and May 2021. The main criteria for inappropriate direct oral anticoagulant dosing were defined according to the recommendations of the European Heart Rhythm Association. Results: The median age of the study population was 72 years and 58% were women. Nine hundred and eighty-seven patients were prescribed rivaroxaban, 658 apixaban, 239 edoxaban, and 120 dabigatran. A total of 498 patients (24.9%) did not receive the appropriate dose of direct oral anticoagulants. In a logistic regression model, advanced age, presence of chronic kidney disease, presence of permanent atrial fibrillation, prescription of reduced doses of direct oral anticoagulants, prescription of edoxaban treatment, concomitant use of amiodarone treatment, and non-use of statin treatment were significantly associated with potentially inappropriate dosing of direct oral anticoagulants. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that the prevalence of inappropriate direct oral anticoagulant dosing according to the European Heart Rhythm Association recommendations was 24.9% in patients with atrial fibrillation. Several demographic and clinical factors were associated with the inappropriate prescription of direct oral anticoagulants.
Crustal structure beneath earthquake swarm in the Noto peninsula, Japan
Authors: Nakajima Junichi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We carry out seismic tomography study to reveal three-dimensional (3D) seismic velocity structures in the Noto peninsula, Japan, where swarm-like seismic activity started in December 2020. The obtained results reveal a highly heterogeneous structure in the crust. The most striking feature is the existence of a low-velocity anomaly in the lower crust beneath the Noto earthquake swarm. Although the data set used in this study cannot resolve the upper mantle structure, previous regional tomographic studies suggest that a low-velocity anomaly exists at depths of 50–150 km around the Noto peninsula. We thus infer that fluids are supplied to the crustal level from the upper mantle low-velocity anomaly, which is interpreted as a fluid-rich region. The upward migration of the large volume of fluids over a very short time scale probably induces frequent aseismic slip along individual crustal faults, and numerous earthquakes are subsequently triggered as a result of stress loading by aseismic slip. Since major active faults exists at a shallower extension of the hypocenters of the Noto earthquake swarm, we consider that the Noto earthquake swarm occurs along pre-existing fault planes. Dense temporary seismic observations will highlight a smaller-scale (5–10 km) 3D seismic velocity model and finer hypocenter distribution, which provide additional information for better understanding of the generation mechanisms of the Noto earthquake swarm.
Photobiochemical mechanisms of biomolecules relevant to germicidal ultraviolet irradiation at 222 and 254 nm
Authors: Naito Keisuke , Sawadaishi Kazuyuki , Kawasaki Masahiro 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
To inactivate viruses and microorganisms, ultraviolet light in the short wavelength region is a promising candidate for mitigating the infection of disease. Recently, a 222-nm lamp has become available as a sterilisation lamp, while a 254-nm lamp has been conventional one. In this work, wavelength dependence of the photobiochemical mechanisms was investigated with 222- and 254-nm irradiation to analyze the underlying damage mechanisms of DNA/RNA and proteins, using Escherichia coli, a protease, an oligopeptide, amino acids, plasmid DNA and nucleosides. The photorepair of damaged DNA and the “dark” reversion of the hydrates of uracil phosphoramidite coupling blocks were also investigated.
A novel rapid flood inundation method based on GIS combined with hydrodynamics in coastal and riverine regions
Authors: Zhang Zhuo , Song Zhiyao , Wang Haocheng , Yue Songshan , Hu Di , Guo Fei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Under climate change, flood-induced inundation becomes frequent in low-lying coastal and riverine regions as a result of an increasing storm surge and sea-level rise. An efficient and robust inundation assessment model is necessary for flood control, coastal management and inundation evacuation. Due to the complexity and runtime consumption of hydrodynamic models, a series of rapid flood inundation methods (RFIMs) have been developed based on high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) and advanced geographic information system (GIS) technology. However, a shortage of hydrodynamic mechanisms restricts the application of the RFIM. This paper proposes a novel rapid flood inundation method based on a combination of GIS and hydrodynamics for application in coastal and riverine regions. In a common-sense approach, the tidal flood flow first propagates along the river network and then diffuses from the network to the floodplain. First GIS-based algorithms are used to extract hydrodynamic model parameters from the DEM. Specifically, it includes the extraction of the flow network and the cross section bottom level on each flow segment, and the discretization of the main terrain into a triangulated irregular network (TIN) and the division of the catchments. Next, a one-dimensional hydrodynamic network model is applied to calculate flood flow propagation on the complex network. The model solves the full hydrodynamic equations to capture the dynamic process of flooding wave propagation such as wave amplification and damping. Last, a simple elevation-determined and domain-connected algorithm on the triangulated irregular network is implemented to obtain the extent of the flood inundation. The results indicate that the proposed method can estimate a reasonable flooding extent with a good degree of agreement with that by the three-dimensional hydrodynamic model. However, the runtime of the proposed method is significantly reduced by orders of magnitude at the same resolution compared to the runtime of the hydrodynamic model. Moreover, the effect of the banks, which is a difficult problem for many hydrodynamic models, can also be solved without local refinement of the grids. Therefore, our main conclusion is that the proposed RFIM is a useful tool for estimating inundation processes in coastal and riverine regions with limited input data and low computational burden.
Predictive value of SUA/SCr and IL-6 in patients with non-small cell lung cancer （ NSCLC ） undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Li kejie , Lv Qi-yuan , Xu Yu-yan , Shao Zhen-yong , Xie Rao-ying , Zou Chang-lin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background and objectives: For patients with inoperable non-small cell lung cancer, concurrent chemoradiotherapy is the mainstay of treatment. At present, TMN stage is still the most commonly used clinical prediction model, but in the real world, patients with the same stage receive the same mode of treatment, their survival will be significantly different. The aim of our study was to look for predictors of patient survival in addition to TMN staging. If all kinds of predictors can be combined, the survival prediction of patients can be greatly improved and the clinical treatment and medication can be guided.Methods：The survival differences of 147 lung cancer patients receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate COX regression analysis were used to explore the relationship between blood markers before treatment and patient survival.Results: Univariate COX regression analysis showed that gender, hemoglobin, MCV, NLR, Smoking Index，IL-6 and SUA/SCr were significantly correlated with survival in patients receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Multivariate COX regression analysis showed that IL-6 and SUA/SCr were prognostic factors for patients receiving radiotherapy and chemotherapy. According to receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the AUC of SUA/SCr and IL-6 were 0.757 and 0.770, respectively, and the optimal cutoff points of SUA/SCr and IL-6 were 3.99 and 4.79, respectively.Conclusions：Our study shows that gender, hemoglobin, MCV, NLR, Smoking Index，SUA/SCr and IL-6 are related to survival of lung cancer patients. Il-6 and SUA/SCr are effective predictors of survival in lung cancer patients.