bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does an initial public offering (IPO) issuer's Securities and Exchange Commission registration fee calculation method predict pricing revisions and IPO underpricing?
Authors: Corrigan Patrick M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a new proxy for the ex ante expectations of issuers and their underwriters about the direction of pricing revisions during the roadshows of an initial public offering (IPO): the way issuers elect to calculate the registration fees owed to the Securities and Exchange Commission. Consistent with fee‐minimizing decision‐making, I find that the choice of fee calculation method is associated with pricing revisions and IPO underpricing. This relationship suggests that issuers or their advisors may not incorporate economically significant private valuation information into the initial pricing range estimate and initial public offering price. The results provide empirical support for theoretical models of partial adjustment and IPO underpricing driven by the preferences of underwriters or managers of issuers for underpriced IPOs.
Influence of ultrasound processing on the quality of guava juice
Authors: Kalsi Baldev Singh , Singh Sandhya , Alam Mohammed Shafiq 
Published: October 2022

AbstractUltrasound has been found to be a non‐thermal method for inactivating microorganisms pertinent to fruit juices. The current research was planned with the goal of investigating the influence of sonication on the quality of guava juice when treated at a constant 40 kHz frequency, 200 W radiating power for different processing times of 2, 6, and 10 min in ultrasonic bath. After ultrasound treatment, the values of pH and titratable acidity varied non‐significantly (p > 0.05), while 6 min of sonication showed significant decrement in total soluble solids. The cloud value, color attributes (a* and b*), hue angle, chroma, and antioxidant increased after ultrasound processing. On the other hand, non‐enzymatic browning decreased significantly. Furthermore, ultrasound processing significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced the amount of ascorbic acid (2.45%–4.70%) and total phenolics (3.50%–4.35%) regardless of the processing time. The sonication also demonstrated significant effect to inactivate microbial load with maximum total plate count inactivation of 38.18% and highest yeast and mold count inactivation of 33.20% at 10 min of time. A sensory test showed that the sonicated samples of guava juice had a good acceptance similar to fresh juice of guava. Thus, result of this investigation showed that ultrasound processing at 40 kHz can be a practical choice for fruit juice processing at industry level, particularly for guava juice production.Practical ApplicationsIncreasing consumer preferences for healthier foods stimulate the growth of the global fruit juice market. The ultrasound is an emerging novel technology that is seen as a prospective substitute to traditional thermal treatments due to its capability to enhance stability and nutritional quality of juices. This research investigation displayed that the sonication treatment effectively retained the quality attributes of the guava juice. The improved phenolic and antioxidant stability achieved with a novel non‐thermal approach is directly linked to the nutritive and economic benefits of industrial processing. This research work promotes a novel processing treatment of ultrasound which enhances the quality and stability of juices.
Effect of green technologies of cold plasma and airborne ultrasound wave on the germination and growth indices of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) seeds
Authors: Namjoo Moslem , Moradi Mehdi , Dibagar Nesa , Taghvaei Mansour , Niakousari Mehrdad 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCurrent research is considered to study the effect of nonthermal physical field technologies of atmospheric cold plasma (CP) and ultrasound waves (US) on the germination and seedling indices of cumin seeds. In this regard, different drying strategies were planned in a single and combined form using a lab‐scale cold plasma unit and ultrasound‐assisted air dryer. Various duration of CP pretreatment (CPt: 0, 15, and 30 s), ultrasound power (P: 0, 60, 120, and 180 W), and air temperature (T: 30, 35, and 40°C) were practiced to investigate the changes in germination traits and microstructure characteristics of cumin seeds. It was found that CP pretreatment and ultrasound treatment in a single form significantly increased germination percentage, germination index, and germination rate as well as seeding vigor of cumin seeds. The morphological alteration in the surface of the seeds, which modifies the seed surface hydrophilicity and accelerates water uptake, may be the leading cause of CP and US‐induced modification in the germination power. The highest stimulatory effect belonged to the combined application of cold plasma and ultrasound wave when the cumin seeds were treated with an appropriate CP dose and ultrasound energy. So that, the maximum germination percentage (92%), germination index (14.91), and germination rate (21.33%), as well as the highest values of seedling vigor index I (178.67 mm) and vigor index II (420.72 mg), were in possession of pretreatment with CPt: 15 s before ultrasound‐assisted drying at T ≤ 35°C and P ≤ 120 W.Practical ApplicationsThis study demonstrates the potential of cold plasma and ultrasound wave before and during air drying of cumin seeds, respectively. Cold plasma was used as a nonthermal and nonchemical pretreatment strategy before air drying of cumin seeds in ultrasound‐assisted dryer. A single application of cold plasma caused a significant increase in germination percentage, germination index, and germination rate of cumin seeds. The positive effect of cold plasma on the studied parameter of cumin seeds intensified when it was supported by airborne low‐power ultrasound waves during air drying.
Effect of microwave pretreatment on the extraction of antioxidant‐rich red color betacyanin, phenolic, and flavonoid from the crown of Cylindra‐type beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.)
Authors: Zin Moh Moh , Nagy Katalin , Bánvölgyi Szilvia , Abrankó László , Nath Arijit 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn the context of “waste valorization,” recovery of biomolecules from agri‐food wastes by the innovative extraction technique has come to the forefront. In this investigation, the effect of microwave pretreatment on aqueous extraction of betacyanin (BC), phenolic, flavonoid, and antioxidant from the crown part of Cylindra‐type beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) has been studied. Two major operating parameters of leaching, such as temperature and extraction time have been varied, ranging from 30°C to 60°C and 20–60 min, respectively to optimize the extraction of mentioned biomolecules through the response surface methodology technique. Moreover, the extraction of mentioned biomolecules by leaching was increased by microwave pretreatment (at 800 W for 3 min). As an example: the microwave‐assisted aqueous leaching process provided BC color compound 17.12 ± 0.37 mg/g dry matter (DM), total phenolic compounds (TPC) 57.89 ± 1.14 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g DM, total flavonoids content (TFC) 10.37 ± 0.00 mg quercetin equivalent (QUE)/g DM and total antioxidant activity (AA) 56.13 ± 0.92 mg ascorbic acid equivalent (ASE)/g DM. Whereas, BC, TPC, TFC, and AA were 3.04 ± 0.07 mg/g DM, 2.81 ± 0.11 mg GAE/g DM, 2.43 ± 0.41 mg QUE/g DM, and 4.38 ± 0.18 mg ASE/g DM by aqueous leaching process without microwave pretreatment. Subsequently, the existence of two major different BC, such as betanin and iso‐betanin have been examined by high‐performance liquid chromatography‐diode array detector‐electrospray ionization‐quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight. In addition, changes in the morphology of the plant matrix were pointed out by field emission scanning electron microscope. Our investigation has proven the positive impacts of microwave pretreatment on the extraction of mentioned bioactive compounds by infusion and maceration processes as well.Practical ApplicationsThe application of innovative emerging technologies for the effective scavenging of bioactive compounds from agro‐industrial discharges has been focused on. Under the study range, microwave‐assisted leaching extraction was found to be the most efficient method as it exhibited the utmost amounts of betacyanin, phenolic, flavonoid, and antioxidants in microwave‐assisted maceration and infusion processes. This investigation encourages the short‐time microwave pretreatment before the performance of traditional solid–liquid extractions in order to improve the extraction efficacy of plant compounds.
Challenges and opportunities in creating a deprescribing program in the emergency department: A qualitative study
Authors: Lee Sangil , Bobb Swanson Morgan , Fillman Allison , Carnahan Ryan M. , Seaman Aaron T. , Reisinger Heather Schacht 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundAs the population of older adults increases, appropriate deprescribing becomes increasingly important for emergency geriatric care. Older adults represent the sickest patients with chronic medical conditions, and they are often exposed to high‐risk medications. We need to provide an evidence‐based, standardized deprescribing program in the acute care setting, yet the evidence base is lacking and standardized medication programs are needed.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative study with the goal to understand the perspective of healthcare workers, patients, and caregivers on deprescribing high‐risk medications in the context of emergency care practices, provider preferences, and practice variability, along with the facilitators and barriers to an effective deprescribing program in the emergency department (ED). To ensure rich, contextual data, the study utilized two qualitative methods: (1) a focus group with physicians, advanced practice providers, nurses, pharmacists, and geriatricians involved in care of older adults and their prescriptions in the acute care setting; (2) semi‐structured interviews with patients and caregivers involved in treatment and emergency care. Transcriptions were coded using thematic content analysis, and the principal investigator (S.L.) and trained research staff categorized each code into themes.ResultsData collection from a focus group with healthcare workers (n = 8) and semi‐structured interviews with patients and caregivers (n = 20) provided evidence of a potentially promising ED medication program, aligned with the vision of comprehensive care of older adults, that can be used to evaluate practices and develop interventions. We identified four themes: (1) Challenges in medication history taking, (2) missed opportunities in identifying high‐risk medications, (3) facilitators and barriers to deprescribing recommendations, and (4) how to coordinate deprescribing recommendations.ConclusionsOur focus group and semi‐structured interviews resulted in a framework for an ED medication program to screen, identify, and deprescribe high‐risk medications for older adults and coordinate their care with primary care providers.
Implications of garnet nucleation overstepping for the P–T evolution of the Lesser Himalayan Sequence of central Nepal
Authors: Tamang Shashi , Groppo Chiara , Girault Frédéric , Rolfo Franco 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRecent studies have demonstrated that kinetic factors can significantly influence garnet nucleation, delaying its appearance with respect to the equilibrium predictions. Overstepping of garnet nucleation occurs in both contact and regional metamorphic settings, with extremely variable degrees: The factors controlling such highly variable degrees of overstepping are still unclear. This study focuses on garnet nucleation and growth in aluminous metapelites from the Barrovian inverted metamorphic pile of the upper portion of the Lesser Himalayan Sequence (Upper‐LHS; central Nepal), with the aim of (i) investigating if (and how) the bulk‐rock composition can influence overstepping of garnet nucleation and (ii) which are the implications of garnet nucleation overstepping for the P–T evolution of a Barrovian metamorphic sequence. Detailed petrographic, microstructural and compositional data are presented for six phyllitic schists, containing porphyroblasts of garnet, staurolite and/or kyanite. Their P–T evolution is constrained through thermodynamic forward modelling (i.e., isochemical phase diagrams combined with isopleth thermobarometry), assuming that equilibrium was attained at every stage of their metamorphic evolution. Comparison between the P–T conditions inferred for the growth of garnet core, the assemblages predicted to be stable at these P–T conditions and the modelled garnet‐in reaction boundary suggests that the studied samples have experienced different degrees of apparent thermal (ΔT) and/or baric (ΔP) overstepping of garnet nucleation. We suggest that the bulk‐rock MnO and CaO amounts might have influenced the apparent ΔT and ΔP overstepping of the garnet‐in reaction: more specifically, the higher the bulk‐rock MnO content, the more pronounced the apparent ΔT overstepping, whereas the lower the bulk‐rock CaO content, the greater the ΔP overstepping. However, rather than an effective delay of garnet appearance with respect to equilibrium predictions, the apparent ΔT overstepping of garnet nucleation could reflect the attainment of the critical 0.5% threshold of garnet abundance, below which garnet is not readily detected in thin section. Kinetic factors seem much less critical in controlling the growth of the garnet rim at peak P–T conditions, confirming that peak metamorphic conditions constrained through equilibrium approaches based on the composition of garnet rim and of the matrix assemblage can be considered as reliable. Overall, the P–T paths of the studied samples are characterized by prograde heating coupled with tectonic overload (peak‐P conditions of 9.5–10.5 kbar, 580–590°C), followed by heating during exhumation (peak‐T conditions of 8.2–8.9 kbar, 610–630°C), supporting those thermo‐mechanical models that predict a period of slowdown (or quiescence) of the Main Central Thrust activity.
Refining the process: Safety net dental professionals' experiences with teledentistry implementation during the first year of COVID‐19
Authors: McLeod Caroline D. , Heaton Lisa J. , Chung‐Bridges Katherine , Raskin Sarah E. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesTeledentistry helped dentistry adapt to pandemic‐era challenges; little is known about dental professionals' teledentistry experiences during this time. This analysis sought to understand professionals' pandemic teledentistry experiences and expectations for the modality's future.MethodsWe conducted virtual individual interviews (n = 21) via Zoom to understand how federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) delivered oral care during the first year of the pandemic, including but not limited to the use of teledentistry. We independently coded each transcript, then identified themes and sub‐themes.ResultsWe identified three major themes: (1) Logistical and equity considerations shaped teledentistry's adoption; (2) Team‐based factors influenced implementation; and (3) Teledentistry's future is as‐yet undetermined.ConclusionsExperiences with teledentistry during the first year of COVID‐19 varied substantially. Future directions should be more deliberate to counter the urgency of pandemic‐style implementation and must address appropriate use, reimbursement guidance, patient and provider challenges, and customizability to each clinic's context.
Effective pavement skid resistance measurement using multi‐scale textures and deep fusion network
Authors: Liu Chenglong , Xu Nan , Weng Zihang , Li Yishun , Du Yuchuan , Cao Jing 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPavement skid resistance measurement is a fundamental component of roadway management and maintenance. Most traditional approaches rely on manual operations or heavy devices, which lead to a labor‐intensive, inefficient, and vulnerable testing environment. Precise laser scanning technology lays a solid foundation for effective and continuous pavement friction measurement. This paper proposed an automated pavement friction estimation model using 3D point cloud data and a deep neural network. The fine‐grained texture data of over 800 pavement sections with various anti‐skidding abilities were collected. The impact of the multi‐scale textures on pavement friction was separated and analyzed via two‐dimensional wavelet decomposition. A multi‐input fusion network with deep aggregation modules was designed to fuse the features of sub‐images generated by wavelet decomposition. The results show that the average prediction error is 0.0935, outperforming most state‐of‐the‐art models. The impact of different texture scales on friction estimation is then revealed. The proposed method provides a new tool for effective and large‐scale pavement friction evaluation.
Artificial intelligence‐based algorithm for cervical vertebrae maturation stage assessment
Authors: Radwan Mohamad Talal , Sin Çağla , Akkaya Nurullah , Vahdettin Levent 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm to automatically and accurately determine the stage of cervical vertebra maturation (CVM) with the main purpose being to eliminate the human error factor.Setting and Sample PopulationArchives of the cephalometric images were reviewed and the data of 1501 subjects with fully visible cervical vertebras were included in this retrospective study.Materials and MethodsLateral cephalometric (LC) that met the inclusion criteria were used in the training process, labeling was carried out using a computer vision annotation tool (CVAT), tracing was done by an experienced orthodontist as a gold standard and, in order to limit the effect of the uneven distribution of the training data set, maturation stage was classified with a modified Bachetti method by the operator who labelled them. The labelled data were split randomly into a training set (80%), a testing set (10%) and an validation set (10%), to measure intra‐observer, inter‐observer reliability, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and weighted Cohen's kappa test was carried out.ResultsThe ICC was valued at 0.973, weighted Cohen's kappa standard error was 0.870 ± 0.027 which shows high reliability of the observers and excellent level of agreement between them, the segmentation network achieved a global accuracy of 0.99 and the average dice score overall images was 0.93. The classification network achieved an accuracy of 0.802, class sensitivity of (pre‐pubertal 0.78; pubertal 0.45; post‐pubertal 0.98), respectively, per class specificity of (pre‐pubertal 0.94; pubertal 0.94; post‐pubertal 0.75), respectively.ConclusionThe developed algorithm showed the ability to determine the cervical vertebrae maturation stage which might aid in a faster diagnosis process by eliminating human intervention, which might lead to wrong decision‐making procedures that might affect the outcome of the treatment plan. The developed algorithm proved reliable in determining the pre‐pubertal and post‐pubertal growth stages with high accuracy.
Never walk alone on the way: Friendships of emerging adults
Authors: Yavuz Güler Çiğdem , Çakmak Ilgın , Bayraktar Elif 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to comprehend how individuals in emerging adulthood characterize friendship. This study adopted a qualitative design to obtain in‐depth information about the elements in emerging adults' definitions of friendships. The study was conducted with university samples and non‐university samples. As a result of the study, the elements in the friendship definitions of the participants were grouped under five themes: behavioral processes; cognitive processes; emotional processes, structural characteristics, and distinctive features. Accordingly, sharing, fun, assistance, boundaries, and altruism sub‐codes were categorized under behavioral processes; while trust, compatibility, commitment‐fidelity, and respect sub‐codes were categorized under cognitive processes. Intimacy, requirement sub‐codes were categorized under affective processes and openness, homogeneity, heterogeneity, and reciprocity sub‐codes were grouped under structural characteristics themes. Apropos of distinctive features they included the sub‐codes of developmental support, unconditional acceptance, isolation‐vigilant, closeness, friend as a life partner, and network. In addition to the codes in the university sample, “Effects of marriage” was the only code that differed in the non‐university sample.
Analysis of the MIR396 gene family and the role of MIR396b in regulating fiber length in cotton
Authors: Zhang Bingbing , Liu Guoyuan , Song Jikun , Jia Bing , Yang Shuxian , Ma Jianjiang , Liu Ji , Shahzad Kashif , Wang Wenkui , Pei Wenfeng , Wu Man , Zhang Jinfa , Yu Jiwen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCotton fiber is one of the most important natural raw materials in the world textile industry. Improving fiber yield and quality has always been the main goal. MicroRNAs, as typical small noncoding RNAs, could affect fiber length during different stages of fiber development. Based on differentially expressed microRNA in the two interspecific backcross inbred lines (BILs) with a significant difference in fiber length, we identified the miR396 gene family in the two tetraploid cotton genomes and found MIR396b_D13 as the functional precursor to produce mature miR396 during the fiber elongation stage. Among 46 target genes regulated by miR396b, the GROWTH‐REGULATING FACTOR 5 gene (GRF5, Gh_A10G0492) had a differential expression level in the two BILs during fiber elongation stage. The expression patterns indicated that the miR396b‐GRF5 regulatory module has a critical role in fiber development. Furthermore, virus‐induced gene silencing (VIGS) of miR396b significantly produced longer fiber than the wild type, and the expression level of GRF5 showed the reverse trends of the miR396b expression level. The analysis of co‐expression network for the GRF5 gene suggested that a cytochrome P450 gene functions as an allene oxide synthase (Gh_D06G0089, AOS), which plays a critical role in jasmonate biosynthetic pathway. In conclusion, our results revealed that the miR396b‐GRF5 module has a critical role in fiber development. These findings provide a molecular foundation for fiber quality improvement in the future.