bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
De novo Mutations in Domestic Cat are Consistent with an Effect of Reproductive Longevity on Both the Rate and Spectrum of Mutations
Authors: Wang Richard J , Raveendran Muthuswamy , Harris R Alan , Murphy William J , Lyons Leslie A , Rogers Jeffrey , Hahn Matthew W 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe mutation rate is a fundamental evolutionary parameter with direct and appreciable effects on the health and function of individuals. Here, we examine this important parameter in the domestic cat, a beloved companion animal as well as a valuable biomedical model. We estimate a mutation rate of 0.86 × 10−8 per bp per generation for the domestic cat (at an average parental age of 3.8 years). We find evidence for a significant paternal age effect, with more mutations transmitted by older sires. Our analyses suggest that the cat and the human have accrued similar numbers of mutations in the germline before reaching sexual maturity. The per-generation mutation rate in the cat is 28% lower than what has been observed in humans, but is consistent with the shorter generation time in the cat. Using a model of reproductive longevity, which takes into account differences in the reproductive age and time to sexual maturity, we are able to explain much of the difference in per-generation rates between species. We further apply our reproductive longevity model in a novel analysis of mutation spectra and find that the spectrum for the cat resembles the human mutation spectrum at a younger age of reproduction. Together, these results implicate changes in life-history as a driver of mutation rate evolution between species. As the first direct observation of the paternal age effect outside of rodents and primates, our results also suggest a phenomenon that may be universal among mammals.
A rhabdovirus accessory protein inhibits jasmonic acid signaling in plants to attract insect vectors
Authors: Gao Dong-Min , Zhang Zhen-Jia , Qiao Ji-Hui , Gao Qiang , Zang Ying , Xu Wen-Ya , Xie Liang , Fang Xiao-Dong , Ding Zhi-Hang , Yang Yi-Zhou , Wang Ying , Wang Xian-Bing 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Plant rhabdoviruses heavily rely on insect vectors for transmission between sessile plants. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms of insect attraction and transmission of plant rhabdoviruses. In this study, we used an arthropod-borne cytorhabdovirus, Barley yellow striate mosaic virus (BYSMV), to demonstrate the molecular mechanisms of a rhabdovirus accessory protein in improving plant attractiveness to insect vectors. Here, we found that BYSMV-infected barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) plants attracted more insect vectors than mock-treated plants. Interestingly, overexpression of BYSMV P6, an accessory protein, in transgenic wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants substantially increased host attractiveness to insect vectors through inhibiting the jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway. The BYSMV P6 protein interacted with the constitutive photomorphogenesis 9 signalosome subunit 5 (CSN5) of barley plants in vivo and in vitro, and negatively affected CSN5-mediated deRUBylation of cullin1 (CUL1). Consequently, the defective CUL1-based Skp1/Cullin1/F-box ubiquitin E3 ligases could not mediate degradation of jasmonate ZIM-domain proteins, resulting in compromised JA signaling and increased insect attraction. Overexpression of BYSMV P6 also inhibited JA signaling in transgenic Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants to attract insects. Our results provide insight into how a plant cytorhabdovirus subverts plant JA signaling to attract insect vectors.
Estimating the effects of weather and climate change on agricultural productivity
Authors: O’Donnell Christopher J 
Published: June 2022

AbstractExplaining changes in productivity involves explaining changes in output and input quantities. Several economic models can be used for this purpose. This paper considers a model that accounts for weather and output price uncertainty. Changes in productivity are then explained in two steps. First, a stochastic production frontier model is used to decompose a proper productivity index into measures of technical progress, environmental change, technical efficiency change, scale-and-mix efficiency change, and changes in statistical noise. Second, a system of input demand equations is used to further decompose the measure of scale-and-mix efficiency change into a measure of technical progress, a measure of input price change, various measures of changes in expectations, and a measure of changes in allocative efficiency and statistical noise. The methodology is applied to U.S. agricultural data. The effects of weather and climate change on agricultural productivity are found to be small relative to the effects of changes in input prices.
Japan’s Extreme Infrastructure: Fortress-ification, Resilience, and Extreme Nature
Authors: FISCH Michael 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHow have massive concrete walls become thinkable as resilient infrastructure for an extreme nature, and what will collective life become in the shadow of such concrete resilience? These questions hold increasing importance as cities and nations throughout the world contemplate the construction of giant concrete barriers to resist the forces of extreme weather and rising sea levels. This article turns to Japan’s ‘fortress-ification’ of its northeast coast with giant concrete seawalls in wake of the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake in order to explore the convergence of resilience thinking, concrete walls, and extreme nature. Treating fortress-ification as an empirical phenomenon and analytic, the argument tracks the emergence of fortress-ification as a manifestation of a kind of resilience thinking that derives from a synthesis of logics of disaster prevention and disaster reduction. Ultimately, the argument posits that the resilience thinking behind fortress-ification engenders adaptation to extreme nature without providing meaningful environmental mitigation. The result is disaster infrastructure with highly questionable efficacy that seals the population within an ecologically empty present while restricting access to better alternative ecological futures.
Syndesmosis Malposition Assessed on Weight-Bearing CT Is Common After Operative Fixation of Intra-articular Distal Tibia Plafond Fracture
Authors: Rooney Patrick , Haller Justin , Kleweno Conor , Glass Natalie , Davison John , Miller Aspen , Anderson Donald D. , Marsh J. L. , Willey Michael 
Published: June 2022

Objectives:
To evaluate reliability of measurement techniques for syndesmosis position after operative fixation of distal tibia plafond fracture on weight-bearing computed tomography (WBCT), identify risk factors for syndesmosis malposition, and determine if syndesmosis malposition is associated with higher pain and lower physical function.

Design:
Prospective cohort study.

Setting:
Three Level 1 trauma centers.

Participants:
Twenty-six subjects who underwent open reduction and internal fixation of distal tibia plafond fractures with bilateral ankle WBCT 1 year or greater after injury were included in the study.

Intervention:
Operative fixation of distal tibia plafond fracture.

Main Outcome Measurement:
Fibula position in the tibia incisura, injury characteristics, and patient-reported outcomes were the main outcome measurements.

Results:
Interrater reliability for syndesmosis position measurements were excellent for the Phisitkul technique on both injured and healthy ankles (intraclass correlation coefficients [ICCs]: 0.93–0.98). The Nault technique demonstrated moderate-to-excellent interrater reliability (ICCs: 0.67–0.98), apart from the angle of rotation measurement (ICCs: 0.18–0.67). Sixteen of 26 subjects (62%) had syndesmosis malposition defined as >2 mm difference comparing the tibial–fibular relationship in injured and uninjured ankles using these 2 methods. Patients with syndesmosis malposition reported lower Foot and Ankle Ability Measure: Activities of Daily Living scores; other recorded patient-reported outcomes were not significantly different.

Conclusions:
Measurement techniques for syndesmosis position on WBCT were reliable after operative fixation of distal tibia plafond fracture. Syndesmosis malposition is common after these injuries and predicted impaired physical function.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Multipurpose Lens Care Systems and Silicone Hydrogel Contact Lens Wettability: A Systematic Review
Authors: Capote-Puente Raúl , Sánchez-González José-María , Bautista-Llamas María-José 
Published: June 2022

Purpose:
To provide a relationship between materials developed for silicone hydrogel contact lenses and multipurpose care solutions to identify improvements in wettability, for prelens noninvasive break-up time and subjective score.

Methods:
This systematic review was completed according to the updated PRISMA 2020 statement recommendations and followed the explanation and elaboration guidelines. The PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus scientific literature databases were searched from January 2000 to November 2021.

Results:
A total of four clinical trials published between 2011 and 2017 were included in this investigation. All included studies were randomized clinical trials. The success of contact lenses is related to the comfort of their use and therefore to the stability of the tear film and the wettability of its surface. The relationship between these parameters and changes in the ocular surface and inflammatory and infectious processes has been demonstrated.

Conclusion:
Hyaluronan and propylene glycol multipurpose solution (MPS) wetting agents achieved slightly higher prelens noninvasive break-up times than poloxamine. Polyquaternium-1 achieved better wettability and patient comfort than polyhexamethylene biguanide in medium-term studies. Short-term studies did not demonstrate differences between MPSs in their effect on contact lens wettability.
Small Incision Lenticule Extraction in Myopic Eyes With Corectopia After Intraocular Lens Implantation
Authors: Liang Chen , Wang Shurong , Zhang Yan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
We present a case of ametropia corrected by small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) in a corectopia eye after cataract surgery. The patient's optical zone, nomogram, and centration were carefully considered. The intended corrections were −6.60 − 1.25 × 175 OD and −6.85 − 0.50 × 10 OS. M-sized and S-sized cones were recorded in the right and left eye, respectively. The diameter of the right eye optical zone was 7.00 mm, whereas that of the left eye was 6.50 mm. The corneal vertex was determined using the film mark method as the scanning center. Three months after surgery, the uncorrected distance visual acuities were 20/20 OD and 20/13 OS. The effective optical zone was 6.5 and 5.5 mm in the right and left eyes, respectively. It is feasible to correct ametropia with SMILE in patients with corectopia after intraocular lens implantation. The large optical zone will compensate for the visual disturbance.
Stroke severity modified the effect of chronic atrial fibrillation on the outcome of thrombolytic therapy
Authors: Shao Rui , Wang Zengna , Shi Hongfeng , Li Yan , Zhuang Yingle , Xu Juan , Xu Min 
Published: June 2022

There is conflicting information regarding the impact of chronic atrial fibrillation (AF) on the outcomes of thrombolyzed patients with stroke. This study was designed to identify high-risk patients with chronic AF who had undergone thrombolysis treatment and to explore whether the baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) could be used to distinguish poor clinical outcomes in thrombolyzed patients.
A total of 164 acute ischemic stroke patients with chronic AF were enrolled in this study. The patients were categorized as having poor or favorable outcomes. A favorable 90-day outcome was defined as a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score ≤2.
Our study showed that the baseline NIHSS score of patients with poor functional recovery (mRS >2) was significantly higher than that of patients with favorable outcomes (median 16 vs 12). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of mRS score showed that a baseline NIHSS score of 14 was the optimal threshold for predicting unfavorable outcomes in patients with chronic AF. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that baseline NIHSS score >14 was independently associated with poor outcomes (odds ratio = 4.182, 95% confidence interval 2.092–8.361).
Our study showed that stroke severity modified the effect of chronic AF on the outcome of thrombolytic therapy. The approach of stratifying stroke severity may be used to evaluate treatment strategies for decision making in intravenous thrombolytic therapy for acute stroke with chronic AF.
Predictive performances of 6 data mining techniques for obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome
Authors: Luo Miao , Feng Yuan , Luo Jingying , Li XiaoLin , Han JianFang , Li Taoping 
Published: June 2022

Purpose:
This study compared the effects of 6 types of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) prediction models to develop a reference for selecting OSAHS data mining tools in clinical practice.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study included 401 cases. They were randomly divided into 2 groups: training (70%) and testing (30%). Logistic regression, a Bayesian network, an artificial neural network, a support vector learning machine, C5.0, and a classification and regression tree were each adopted to establish 6 prediction models. After training, the 6 models were used to test the remaining samples and calculate the correct and error rates of each model.

Results:
Twenty-one input variables for which the difference between the patient and nonpatient groups was statistically significant were considered. The models found the abdominal circumference, neck circumference, and nocturia ≥2 per night to be the most important variables. The support vector machine, neural network, and C5.0 models performed better than the classification and regression tree, Bayesian network, and logistic regression models.

Conclusions:
In terms of predicting the risk of OSAHS, the support vector machine, neural network, and C5.0 were superior to the classification and regression tree, Bayesian network, and logistic regression models. However, such results were obtained based on the data of a single center, so they need to be further validated by other institutions.
Logistic regression analyses of factors affecting the euploidy of blastocysts undergoing in vitro fertilization and preimplantation genetic testing
Authors: Zhang Zhiping , Zhang Lei , Wang Yaoqin , Bi Xingyu , Liang Lixia , Yuan Yuan , Su Dan , Wu Xueqing 
Published: June 2022

Embryo chromosomal abnormalities are considered as the main cause of low pregnancy rate for in vitro fertilization (IVF). Recently, a new metric of success in assisted reproductive technology, that is, the ability to achieve at least 1 euploid blastocyst for transfer, has been brought into focus among clinicians. Our study aimed to investigate the effects of different factors on the euploidy of blastocysts undergoing IVF and preimplantation genetic testing (PGT).
This retrospective observational study included 493 cycles underwent IVF/intracytroplasmatic sperm injection intended to obtain trophectoderm biopsy for PGT from June 2016 to December 2019 at a single academic fertility center. Logistic regression was adopted to analyze the clinical characteristics and embryonic data related to the ability to achieve at least 1 euploid blastocyst for transfer.
The study took 1471 blastocysts from 493 cycles as samples for PGT. Among them, 149 cycles (30.22%) had no euploid blastocyst and 344 cycles (69.78%) had at least 1 euploid blastocyst. A multivariate logistic analysis suggested that maternal age >36, abnormal parental karyotype, nonfirst cycles and blastocysts number per cycle <3 were the risk factors for no euploid blastocyst.
The parental karyotype, maternal age, number of cycles, and number of blastocysts per cycle were the dominant factors affecting the ability to achieve at least 1 euploid blastocyst for transfer and therefore could be regarded as potential predictors for genetic counseling.
Association analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms in autophagy related 7 (ATG7) gene in patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Sarosh Moomal , Nurulain Syed Muhammad , Shah Syed Tahir Abbas , Jadoon Khan Muhammad , Muneer Zahid , Bibi Nazia , Shah Syed Fawad Ali , Hussain Sabir 
Published: June 2022

Recent experimental studies sparked the involvement of autophagy-related 7 (ATG7) in the development of atherosclerosis. However, the genetic variants and their association with coronary artery disease (CAD) are still to be unveiled. Therefore, we aimed to design a retrospective case-control study for the analysis of ATG7 gene polymorphisms and their association with CAD among the subjects originating from Pakistan.
The ATG7 noncoding polymorphisms (rs1375206; Chr3:11297643 C/G and rs550744886; Chr3:11272004 C/G) were examined in 600 subjects, including 300 individuals diagnosed with CAD. Arginase-1 (ARG1) and nitric oxide metabolites were measured by the colorimetric enzymatic assay. Genotyping of noncoding ATG7 polymorphisms was accomplished by the polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism method.
A significant association of ATG7 (rs1375206 and rs550744886) was observed in individuals exhibiting CAD (P < .0001, for each single-nucleotide polymorphism). Moreover, variant allele G at both loci showed high occurrence and significant association with the disease phenotype as compared to the wild-type allele (odds ratio [OR] = 2.03, P < .0001 and OR = 2.08, P < .001, respectively). Variant genotypes at ATG7 rs1375206 and rs550744886 showed significant association with high concentrations of ARG1 and low nitric oxide metabolites among the patients (P < .0001 for each). A significant difference was noted in the distribution of the haplotype G-G, mapped at Chr3:11297643-11272004 between cases and controls (P < .0001).
The study concludes that ATG7 polymorphisms are among the risk factors for CAD in the subjects from Pakistan. The study thus highlights the novel risk factors for high incidents of the disease and reported for the first time to the best of our knowledge.
Risk factors of elevated blood ammonia level in epilepsy patients treated with lamotrigine
Authors: Chen Yiqian , Chen Jingzhen , Zhuang Xiaorong , Chen Xingyu , Zeng Jianqi , Wang Ru , Miao Jiayin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to explore the effect of lamotrigine (LTG) on blood ammonia level in patients with epilepsy and identify risk factors affecting blood ammonia level.
This study included 91 epilepsy patients who were treated with LTG at Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University from January 2011 to April 2016, and were followed up for 3 years. Blood samples were taken during the interictal state and analyzed for blood LTG and ammonia levels. Total of 46.1% of the samples exceeded the median blood ammonia level, and 2.1% of patients had hyperammonemia. Blood ammonia level was positively correlated with LTG blood concentration. LTG combined with valproic acid therapy, seizure within 1 year, and elevated neutrophils affected blood ammonia level. Blood ammonia level was significantly correlated with plasma concentration of LTG. LTG combined with valproic acid therapy, seizure within 1 year, and elevated neutrophils may be risk factors for elevated blood ammonia level in epilepsy patients treated with LTG.
Incidence and characteristics of physical disabilities in patients with postconcussion syndromefollowing mTBI
Authors: Jang Sung Ho , Choi Eun Bi , Lee Young Seo 
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to examine the incidence and characteristics of physical disabilities in patients with postconcussion syndrome (PCS) after a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).
Of 203 patients diagnosed with PCS after mTBI, 10 patients with definite physical disabilities (worse than moderate disability on the Glasgow outcome scale [GOS], <4 points and inability to walk independently on the Functional Ambulation Category [FAC], <3 points) were enrolled.
Ten of the 203 patients included in the analysis based on prespecified inclusion criteria were further evaluated. Seven patients had moderate disability on the GOS, whereas the remaining 3 showed severe disability. On the Modified Barthel Index, 5 patients were moderately dependent, and 2 patients were severely dependent. By the Motricity Index, 9 patients showed mild quadriparesis, and 1 had mild hemiparesis. All 10 patients could grasp-release their fingers as per the Modified Brunnstrom Classification. By contrast, 7 patients required verbal supervision for independent gait by the FAC, and the remaining 3 patients needed intermittent support from 1 person for independent gait.
Approximately 5% of patients with PCS after mTBI had a definite physical disability, and most of these patients showed mild quadriparesis. These results suggest that a definite physical disability can occur in patients with PCS after mTBI.
Prevalence and factors associated with Internet gaming disorder among adolescents in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Alfaifi Amal J , Mahmoud Samy S , Elmahdy Mona H , Gosadi Ibrahim M 
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of internet gaming disorder (IGD) and its associated factors among a sample of adolescents in the Faifa governorate in the south of Saudi Arabia.
This was a cross-sectional study targeting intermediate and secondary school adolescent students in the Faifa governorate. Multistage sampling was performed to reach the required sample, where 9 schools were randomly selected, followed by the distribution of the questionnaire to all students at all levels. IGD was assessed using a validated Arabic version of the 20-item IGD scale. A chi-square test was used to evaluate the presence of statistical differences between sample demographic data and IGD.
Four hundred and fifty students participated in the current study, where 132 (29.3%) of them were classified as having IGD. The prevalence of IGD was associated with gender, year of study, maternal education status, and the number of hours spent online and playing with friends (P values 0.05). Analysis of the IDG items among the current sample indicated that most were at the conflict stage of IGD.
The IGD level identified in our sample is high compared to the published literature. Faifa is a mountainous region and, due to its geographical nature, there are limited public entertainment areas. Adolescents tend to spend more time at home, where they may be more exposed to IGD. This suggests the need for strategies to ensure early identification of those at risk of IGD and to provide preventive and treatment options for these students.