bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cobalt‐Catalyzed Chemoselective Isomerization of 2‐Substituted Allyl Ethers Induced by Hydrogen Atom Transfer
Authors: Li Nan , You Mengdi , Qiu Xiaohan , Deng Meng , Kang Guohui , Liu Huan , Deng Shu‐Zhen , Ji Baoming 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA simple, mild and efficient method for the isomerization of 2‐substituted allyl ethers has been developed by cobalt‐catalyzed hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) process. The trivalent cobalt complex oxidized in‐situ by tert‐butyl hydroperoxide (tBuOOH) exhibits higher catalytic activity than prefabricated trivalent cobalt catalysts. This facile protocol displays excellent chemoselectivity, good functional group tolerance and high yields. The obtained vinyl ethers can be easily hydrolyzed by N‐iodosuccinimide/water to afford corresponding phenols or alcohols.
Classification of cardiac differentiation outcome, percentage of cardiomyocytes on day 10 of differentiation, for hydrogel‐encapsulated hiPSCs
Authors: Mohammadi Samira , Hashemi Mohammadjafar , Finklea Ferdous , Williams Bianca , Lipke Elizabeth , Cremaschi Selen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study employed machine learning (ML) models to predict the cardiomyocyte (CM) content following differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) encapsulated in hydrogel microspheroids and to identify the main experimental variables affecting the CM yield. Understanding how to enhance CM generation using hiPSCs is critical in moving toward large‐scale production and implementing their use in developing therapeutic drugs and regenerative treatments. Cardiomyocyte production has entered a new era with improvements in the differentiation process. However, existing processes are not sufficiently robust for reliable CM manufacturing. Using ML techniques to correlate the initial, experimentally specified stem cell microenvironment's impact on cardiac differentiation could identify important process features. The initial tunable (controlled) input features for training ML models were extracted from 85 individual experiments. Subsets of the controlled input features were selected using feature selection and used for model construction. Random forests, Gaussian process, and support vector machines were employed as the ML models. The models were built to predict two classes of sufficient and insufficient for CM content on differentiation day 10. The best model predicted the sufficient class with an accuracy of 75% and a precision of 71%. The identified key features including post‐freeze passage number, media type, PF fibrinogen concentration, CHIR/S/V, axial ratio, and cell concentration provided insight into the significant experimental conditions. This study showed that we can extract information from the experiments and build predictive models that could enhance the cell production process by using ML techniques.
Corrosion inhibition of Q235 steel by epoxy coatings containing FG@ZIF‐8
Authors: Lin Xiuzhou , Peng Qiang , Duan Song , Zhang Chunjiang , Chen Xulei , Deng Zhiqiang , Dou Baojie , Zhang Yingjun , Gao Xiulei , Fang Zhiwen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this study, ZIF‐8 modified fluorinated graphene composite (FG@ZIF‐8) was innovatively prepared and used as a novel functional filler to improve the anticorrosion performance of epoxy coating on Q235 carbon steel. The morphology and structure of FG@ZIF‐8 composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x‐ray powder diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT‐IR), and x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) tests. The results showed that the structure and morphology of the composites largely depended on the composition ratio of FG and ZIF‐8. The mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of FG@ZIF‐8 modified coatings were also investigated. The unique two‐dimensional sheet structure and insulation of FG in the FG@ZIF‐8 filler can not only inhibit the penetration of corrosive media but also discourage electron migration effectively on the interface of coating/matrix during the electrochemical reaction. Meanwhile, the chemical cross‐linking between the amine groups in ZIF‐8 and the epoxy group increases the degree of densification of the coatings. Besides, the 2‐methylimidazole from the dissolution of ZIF‐8 on FG@ZIF‐8 will also inhibit the corrosion reaction. These advantages endow the FG@ZIF‐8 modified epoxy coatings an excellent long‐term corrosion resistance. Our findings may inspire the development of new graphene‐based materials with superior protective properties for metallic materials.
Kinetic and chemorheological modeling of thermosetting polyurethanes obtained from an epoxidized soybean oil polyol crosslinked with glycerin
Authors: Armanasco Franco , D'hers Sebastián , Chiacchiarelli Leonel Matías 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThermosetting polyurethanes were obtained using an aromatic isocyanate and a hydrophobic polyol formulation obtained from epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) crosslinked with glycerin. A systematic DSC analysis of the effect of catalyst type, crosslinker concentration, isocyanate index and ESO crystallization on cure kinetics was conducted. The combination of a stannic catalyst at 0.2 wt% and glycerin at 20 wt% produced a cure kinetics governed by an autocatalytic heat flow where vitrification played a key role in the formation of chemical bonds. The evolution of Tg as a function of conversion, which followed Di‐Benedetto's predictions, supported the hypothesis that vitrification was a preponderant phenomenon during cure. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) of a post‐cured sample revealed a Tg centered at 220°C, whereas quasi‐static flexural mechanical tests shown a flexural modulus of 2.14 GPa and a flexural strength of 99.4 MPa. Rheological experiments at isothermal conditions supported the hypothesis that vitrification played a key role in the evolution of apparent viscosity. A master model using Kim‐Macosko equations was obtained for the proposed formulation. The results presented in this work will serve to further extend the use of biobased polymers applied in the polymer composite industry.
PPSU dual layer hollow fiber mixed matrix membranes with functionalized MWCNT for enhanced antifouling, salt and dye rejection in water treatment
Authors: Huhn‐Ibarra Mauricio José , Loría‐Bastarrachea María Isabel , Duarte‐Aranda Santiago , Montes‐Luna Angel de Jesús , Ortiz‐Espinoza Jesús , González‐Díaz María Ortencia , Aguilar‐Vega Manuel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLoose nanofiltration dual layer hollow fiber membranes (DLHFM) were prepared from polyphenylsulfone (PPSU) with a thin contact mixed matrix membrane (MMM) outer layer containing functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). Two types of MWCNT were used; oxidized MWCNT (OMWCNT) and polyethyleneimine (PEI) functionalized MWCNT (PEI‐MWCNT). Z potential measurements indicate that OMWCNT and PEI‐MWCNT were negatively charged, being OMWCNT most negative. Na2SO4, MgSO4, and methylene blue (MB) rejection was enhanced due to OMWCNT and PEI‐MWCNT incorporation in DLHFM outer layer. Enhanced hydrophilicity and negatively charge mixed matrix DLHFM layer was the key factor for a better mixed matrix DLHFM performance. The best salt and MB rejection was found in those membranes prepared with (OMWCNT) followed by (PEI‐MWCNT) compared with neat PPSU membranes. An increase of 113% and 100% in Na2SO4 and MB rejection respectively was attained in DLHFM with 0.04 wt%, OMWCNT (relative to dope's weight) in comparison with the neat PPSU membrane. Antifouling test for bovine serum albumin (BSA) and MB showed better performance also for the mixed matrix DLHFM containing OMWCNT's. In antifouling tests, a 4.4% and 25% flux recovery increase for MB and BSA respectively was obtained in DLHFM with 0.04 wt% OMWCNT compared with the neat PPSU DLHFM.
Reinforcing effect of Fe2O3 nanoparticle‐decorated graphene oxide on flexural and wear behaviors of epoxy composites
Authors: Mahaki Salman , Khosravi Hamed , Tohidlou Esmaeil 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this work, a chemical precipitation procedure for decorating graphene oxide (GO) with Fe2O3 nanoparticles was described. Iron(III) chloride (FeCl3) was employed to generate the nano‐Fe2O3 particles onto the GO surface in the presence of sodium hydroxide. The Fe2O3@GO hybrid was characterized by various techniques of X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Field‐emission scanning electron microscope, Raman spectra, and Atomic‐force microscopy. The epoxy (EP)‐matrix nanocomposites containing various Fe2O3@GO loadings (0–0.8 wt% at a step of 0.2) were prepared by mechanical stirring and ultrasonic treatment. Mechanical properties of these composites were explored using the three‐point bending and dry‐sliding wear tests. The results revealed that the best flexural and wear behaviors were related to the specimens containing 0.2 and 0.6 wt% Fe2O3@GO hybrid, respectively. The incorporation of 0.2 wt% Fe2O3@GO was found to increase the flexural strength and modulus by 24% and 29%, respectively. Additionally, mass reduction and friction coefficient were decreased by 97% and 66% respectively, due to the addition of 0.6 wt% Fe2O3@GO. Most importantly, in comparison with the untreated‐GO/EP composite, the specimens containing Fe2O3@GO have attained higher improvements in flexural and wear properties. Finally, morphology of the fractured and worn surfaces was also evaluated.
Fabrication of high‐expansion, fully degradable polylactic acid‐based foam with exponent oil/water separation
Authors: Hua Mengqing , Chen Dong , Xu Zesheng , Fang Yiqun , Song Yongming 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPolylactic acid (PLA) foam is widely regarded as an effective substitute for petroleum‐based foams. However, the fabrication of high‐expansive, lightweight, highly hydrophobic foams for oil/water separation remains a challenge. Here, an innovative method was developed to improve the foaming ability of PLA by introducing silane modified alkaline lignin (m‐LA), and a lightweight PLA foam with a high expansion ratio, high porosity, and high hydrophobic performance was successfully developed. The crystallization behavior, rheological properties, pore morphology, and oil/water separation performance of foams were evaluated. The results show that m‐LA not only improves the crystalline properties of PLA, but also plays an important nucleation role during the foaming. m‐LA increased the foaming ratio of PLA to 40.17 times, and reduced the apparent density of the foam to only 0.0303 g cm−3. The PLA foam has exponent hydrophobicity. The water contact angle is up to 130.0°, and the adsorption capacity of various organic solvents is 5.17–12.44 g g−1, because the surface energy of LA is reduced by silane modification. This study provides a new insight into the development of environment‐friendly PLA foams for oil/water separation applications.
Polyamide‐6/cellulose nanocomposites: Influence of fiber treatment and screw rotation on nanofibrillation of jute during extrusion process
Authors: Amantes Bruno P. , Melo Renato P. , Marques Maria de Fátima Vieira 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe present work studied the preparation of nanocomposites of polyamide‐6 (PA6) containing nanofibrillated cellulose by melt blending in a twin screw extruder at different screw rotations to verify the fibrillation of cellulose fibers. Initially, the jute fibers were purified, hydrolyzed, and modified with titanium isopropoxide and aminopropyl silane, as well as with the two chemical modifications. They were incorporated into the polymeric matrix aiming that the shear in processing further aids in fiber fibrillation. The scanning electron microscopy analysis images of the composites showed the presence of fibers with nanodiameters dispersed in the PA6 matrix. The doubly modified fibers resulted in more fibrillation during extrusion. Increasing the screw speed of the extruder improved the degree of crystallinity for the composites with the modified fibers. The thermogravimetric measurements showed that the composite containing the doubly modified fibers increased the maximum degradation temperature. The storage modulus increased for the composites with the insertion of the treated fibers, and the glass transition temperature decreased in some composites. The composites showed higher pseudoplastic behavior, especially at high shear rates.
Dipteran endoparasitoid Exorista bombycis utilizes antihemocyte components against host defense of silkworm Bombyx mori
Authors: Makwana Pooja , Hungund Shambhavi P. , Pradeep Appukuttan Nair R. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDipteran endoparasitoids avoid host immune response; however, antidefense components from the Dipterans are unknown. Infestation of commercial silkworm Bombyx mori Linnaeus (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) by endoparasitoid Exorista bombycis Louis (Diptera: Tachinidae) induced immune reactions, cytotoxicity, granulation, degranulation, and augmented release of cytotoxic marker enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and degranulation‐mediator enzyme β‐hexosaminidase in hemocytes. In this study, by reverse phase high‐performance liquid chromatography, fractions of E. bombycis larval tissue protein with antihemocytic activity are separated. From the fraction, peptides of hemocyte aggregation inhibitor protein (HAIP) and pyridoxamine phosphate oxidase (PNPO) are identified by mass spectrometry. Interacting partners of HAIP and PNPO are retrieved that further enhance the virulence of the parasitoid. PNPO and HAIP genes showed a four‐ to seven fold increase in expression in the integument of the parasitoid larva. Together, the dipteran endoparasitoid E. bombycis exploit antihemocyte activity to inhibit host defense reactions in addition to defense evasion contemplated.
How human anatomy is being taught in entry‐level occupational therapy programs in the United States
Authors: Veazey Kathryn , Robertson Ellen M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThere has been a lack of empirical information regarding anatomy education for occupational therapists (OTs). Insufficient anatomy education can result in underprepared entry‐level OTs, who may then produce increased practice errors and reduced patient care. The objective of this study was to investigate how human gross anatomy was taught in entry‐level occupational therapy programs throughout the United States and evaluate faculty perspectives on its teaching. A mixed‐methods survey was sent to the directors of entry‐level occupational therapy programs in the United States. Survey responses were compiled to best represent the current occupational therapy education environment. Ten of sixty‐eight participating programs did not teach anatomy as a part of their standard occupational therapy curriculum. Of the programs that featured entry‐level occupational therapy anatomy courses, the majority were taught by either a non‐clinician anatomist or an OT without specialized anatomy training in a region‐based, standalone anatomy course during the first semester. In most programs, anatomy was taught to only occupational therapy students using lecture, models/plastination, and/or prosection. Teaching tools, methods, faculty, and programmatic factors were perceived as contributing to program strengths. The design, resources, and faculty involved in the occupational therapy anatomy course may negatively impact the perceived quality of an occupational therapy anatomy program and its students. Participants identified several consequences of insufficient anatomy preparedness, including academic, clinical reasoning, treatment skills, patient care, and professional identity concerns. Occupational therapy educators may want to be aware of the current climate of occupational therapy anatomy education in the United States when designing entry‐level occupational therapy anatomy curricula.
Promoting more future‐ready anatomy education after the Covid‐19 pandemic: A scoping review
Authors: Gasmalla Hosam Eldeen Elsadig , Mossa Abubakr H. , Taha Mohamed H. , Wadi Majed M. , Shehzad Khalid , Abdalla Mohamed Elhassan , Hadie Siti Nurma Hanim 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid‐19) pandemic caused an abrupt transition from face‐to‐face to online anatomy teaching, learning, and assessment. Although online education has ensured the continuity of anatomy education during the pandemic, its implementation has been challenging, and its effectiveness has been questioned. Therefore, literature pertinent to online anatomy education during the pandemic is crucial to explain Covid‐19's disruptions to this field. Accordingly, this scoping review explored changes, disruptions, and gaps in anatomy teaching and assessment during Covid‐19 using an enhanced version of Arksey and O′Malley's six‐stage protocol. Five online databases were searched for articles that described changes and disruptions in anatomy education. Three independent researchers were involved in titles, abstracts, and full texts screening, while another four researchers were independently involved in data extraction, charting, and synthesis. This review revealed six themes: immediate strategic plans and actions, teaching and learning changes, online assessment practice, students' and educators' receptivity and adaptability, online learning and assessment effects, and future directions. It also revealed four gaps: non‐future‐ready curricula, learning obstacles, administrative and teaching challenges, and online education ethical issues. The results were reported in tabular and narrative forms, following the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA‐ScR guidelines). Understanding the evolution and gaps in anatomy education during the Covid‐19 pandemic will help anatomists design future‐ready, adaptable curricula.
Multimodal approach to the treatment of patients with radioiodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer and metastases to the central nervous system
Authors: Alonso‐Gordoa Teresa 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe diagnosis of central nervous system metastases in patients with radioiodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer is a late and rare event that occurs in less than 1% of patients. Definitive conclusions on the overall clinical management cannot be drawn due to the limited number of patients included in retrospective series or post hoc analysis from clinical trials. However, most data show a trend to an increased benefit from a multimodal approach. Local treatment based on surgical and/or radiation techniques is highly encouraged for symptom control and to reduce tumor burden in this location despite a high risk of clinical complications. In addition, systemic treatment with novel tyrosine kinase inhibitors has demonstrated activity in this subgroup of patients, improving an otherwise unfavorable prognosis.
Use of multikinase inhibitors/lenvatinib in patients with synchronous/metachronous cancers coinciding with radioactive‐resistant differentiated thyroid cancer
Authors: Sambo Marcel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis review focuses on patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) associated with multiple primary malignant neoplasm (MPMN) treated by multikinase inhibitors (MKIs) as systemic treatment for advanced disease. Despite the increasing frequency of MPMNs (many at an advanced stage) and the usefulness of MKIs for multiple metastatic cancers, published data on the management of MPMN and MKI therapies in this scenario are scarce. There are infrequent descriptions of patients with advanced MPMN treated with MKIs, but only a few have described advanced DTC. The management of MPMNs, including DTC and its particular circumstances, is reviewed, focusing on the evidence for MKI therapies. Some considerations for MPMN patients with advanced DTC are discussed, with the intention of helping physicians make decisions in these challenging situations and improving treatment and patient outcomes.
Clinical use of lenvatinib in patients with previous renal and/or hepatic impairment and radioiodine‐refractory differentiated thyroid cancer
Authors: Martínez‐Trufero Javier 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLenvatinib is one the most active drugs in radioiodine‐refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RR‐DTC) such that it has become an important therapeutic tool in tumor control and survival. Renal and hepatic impairments are common comorbidities in cancer patients. Treating these patients is a challenge that requires careful consideration. As a first approach to patients with RR‐DTC and renal or hepatic impairment, Summary of Product Characteristics recommendations for lenvatinib use and dose adjustments should be strictly followed. Close clinical and blood monitoring is the gold standard approach to optimizing lenvatinib's use during the whole course of treatment.
Role of microbiota and microbiota‐derived short‐chain fatty acids in PDAC
Authors: Temel Hülya Yılmaz , Kaymak Öznur , Kaplan Seren , Bahcivanci Basak , Gkoutos Georgios V. , Acharjee Animesh 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive lethal diseases among other cancer types. Gut microbiome and its metabolic regulation play a crucial role in PDAC. Metabolic regulation in the gut is a complex process that involves microbiome and microbiome‐derived short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs). SCFAs regulate inflammation, as well as lipid and glucose metabolism, through different pathways. This review aims to summarize recent developments in PDAC in the context of gut and oral microbiota and their associations with short‐chain fatty acid (SCFA). In addition to this, we discuss possible therapeutic applications using microbiota in PDAC.
Predictive value of molecular subtypes and APOBEC3G for adjuvant chemotherapy in urothelial bladder cancer
Authors: Olah Csilla , Reis Henning , Hoffmann Michèle J. , Mairinger Fabian , Ting Saskia , Hadaschik Boris , Krafft Ulrich , Grünwald Viktor , Nyirady Peter , Varadi Melinda , Győrffy Balázs , Kiss Andras , Szekely Eszter , Sjödahl Gottfrid , Szarvas Tibor 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveAlthough targeted approaches have become available in second‐ and third‐line settings, platinum‐based chemotherapy remains the standard first‐line treatment for advanced muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Therefore, the prediction of platinum resistance is of utmost clinical importance.MethodsIn this study, we established a routine compatible method for the molecular classification of MIBC samples according to various classification systems and applied this method to evaluate the impact of subtypes on survival after adjuvant chemotherapy. This retrospective study included 191 patients with advanced MIBC (pT≥3 or pN+) who underwent radical cystectomy, with or without adjuvant chemotherapy. A 48‐gene panel and classifier rule set were established to determine molecular subtypes according to TCGA, MDA, LundTax, and Consensus classifications. Additionally, 12 single platinum‐predictive candidate genes were assessed. The results were correlated with patients' clinicopathological and follow‐up data and were validated using independent data sets.ResultsOur final evaluation of 159 patients demonstrated better survival in the luminal groups for those who received chemotherapy compared with those who did not. In contrast, no such differences were observed in basal subtypes. The use of chemotherapy was associated with better survival in patients with high APOBEC3G expression (p < 0.002). This association was confirmed using an independent data set of patients who received neoadjuvant platinum therapy.ConclusionsThe proposed method robustly replicates the most commonly used transcriptome‐based subtype classifications from paraffin‐embedded tissue samples. The luminal, but not basal, molecular subtypes had the greatest benefit from adjuvant platinum therapy. We identified and validated APOBEC3G as a novel predictive marker for platinum‐treated patients.