bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Composite Bioinks With Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses—A Critical Evaluation of Results Obtained by In Vitro Experiments
Authors: Guduric Vera , Wieckhusen Johannes , Bernhardt Anne , Ahlfeld Tilman , Lode Anja , Wu Chengtie , Gelinsky Michael 
Published: January 2022

Besides osteoconductivity and a high degradation rate, mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) are specific for their highly ordered channel structure and high specific surface area, making them suitable as drug and/or growth factor delivery systems. On the other hand, the mesoporous channel structure and MBG composition can have an effect on common cell evaluation assays, leading to inconclusive results. This effect is especially important when MBG is mixed in composite bioinks, together with cells. Additionally, the hydrogel component of the ink can influence the degradation of MBG, leading to different ion releases, which can additionally affect the analyses. Hence, our aim here was to show how the MBG structure and composition influence common cell viability and differentiation assays when calcium (Ca)- or magnesium (Mg)-containing glass is part of an alginate-based composite bioink. We suggested pre-labeling of cells with DiI prior to bioprinting and staining with calcein-AM to allow identification of metabolically active cells expressing signals in both green and red channels, allowing the use of fluorescence imaging for cell viability evaluations in the presence of high amounts (7 wt %) of MBGs. The release and uptake of ions during degradation of CaMBG and MgMBG were significantly changed by alginate in the composite bioinks, as confirmed by higher release and uptake from bulk glasses. Additionally, we detected a burst release of Mg2+ from composites only after 24 h of incubation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that released ions and the mesoporous channel structure affect the measurement of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) in bioprinted composite scaffolds. Measured LDH activity was significantly decreased in the presence of CaMBG. On the other hand, the presence of MgMBG induced increased signal measured for the ALP. Taken together, our findings show how composite bioinks containing MBGs can interfere with common analyses, obtaining misleading results.
GLIS Family Zinc Finger 1 was First Linked With Preaxial Polydactyly I in Humans by Stepwise Genetic Analysis
Authors: Jin Jie-Yuan , Wu Pan-Feng , Luo Fang-Mei , Guo Bing-Bing , Zeng Lei , Fan Liang-Liang , Tang Ju-Yu , Xiang Rong 
Published: January 2022

Background: Preaxial polydactyly (PPD) is one of the most common developmental malformations, with a prevalence of 0.8–1.4% in Asians. PPD is divided into four types, PPD I–IV, and PPD I is the most frequent type. Only six loci (GLI1, GLI3, STKLD1, ZRS, pre-ZRS, and a deletion located 240 kb from SHH) have been identified in non-syndromic PPD cases. However, pathogenesis of most PPD patients has never been investigated. This study aimed to understand the genetic mechanisms involved in the etiology of PPD I in a family with multiple affected members.Methods: We recruited a PPD I family (PPD001) and used stepwise genetic analysis to determine the genetic etiology. In addition, for functional validation of the identified GLIS1 variant, in vitro studies were conducted. GLIS1 variants were further screened in additional 155 PPD cases.Results: We identified a GLIS1 variant (NM_147193: c.1061G &gt; A, p.R354H) in the PPD001 family. In vitro studies showed that this variant decreased the nuclear translocation of GLIS1 and resulted in increased cell viability and migration. RNA sequencing revealed abnormal TBX4 and SFRP2 expression in 293T cells transfected with mutant GLIS1. Additionally, we identified a GLIS1 variant (c.664G &gt; A, p.D222N) in another PPD case.Conclusion: We identified two GLIS1 variants in PPD I patients and first linked GLIS1 with PPD I. Our findings contributed to future molecular and clinical diagnosis of PPD and deepened our knowledge of this disease.
Individual Brain Metabolic Connectome Indicator Based on Jensen-Shannon Divergence Similarity Estimation Predicts Seizure Outcomes of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
Authors: Zhu Zehua , Zhang Zhimin , Gao Xin , Feng Li , Chen Dengming , Yang Zhiquan , Hu Shuo 
Published: January 2022

Objective: We aimed to use an individual metabolic connectome method, the Jensen-Shannon Divergence Similarity Estimation (JSSE), to characterize the aberrant connectivity patterns and topological alterations of the individual-level brain metabolic connectome and predict the long-term surgical outcomes in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).Methods: A total of 128 patients with TLE (63 females, 65 males; 25.07 ± 12.01 years) who underwent Positron emission tomography (PET) with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) imaging were enrolled. Patients were classified either as experiencing seizure recurrence (SZR) or seizure free (SZF) at least 1 year after surgery. Each individual’s metabolic brain network was ascertained using the proposed JSSE method. We compared the similarity and difference in the JSSE network and its topological measurements between the two groups. The two groups were then classified by combining the information from connection and topological metrics, which was conducted by the multiple kernel support vector machine. The validation was performed using the nested leave-one-out cross-validation strategy to confirm the performance of the methods.Results: With a median follow-up of 33 months, 50% of patients achieved SZF. No relevant differences in clinical features were found between the two groups except age at onset. The proposed JSSE method showed marked degree reductions in IFGoperc.R, ROL. R, IPL. R, and SMG. R; and betweenness reductions in ORBsup.R and IOG. R; meanwhile, it found increases in the degree analysis of CAL. L and PCL. L, and in the betweenness analysis of PreCG.R, IOG. R, PoCG.R, PCL. L and PCL.R. Exploring consensus significant metabolic connections, we observed that the most involved metabolic motor networks were the INS-TPOmid.L, MTG. R-SMG. R, and MTG. R-IPL.R pathways between the two groups, and yielded another detailed individual pathological connectivity in the PHG. R-CAU.L, PHG. R-HIP.L, TPOmid.L-LING.R, TPOmid.L-DCG.R, MOG. R-MTG.R, MOG. R-ANG.R, and IPL. R-IFGoperc.L pathways. These aberrant functional network measures exhibited ideal classification performance in predicting SZF individuals from SZR ones at a sensitivity of 75.00%, a specificity of 92.79%, and an accuracy of 83.59%.Conclusion: The JSSE method indicator can identify abnormal brain networks in predicting an individual’s long-term surgical outcome of TLE, thus potentially constituting a clinically applicable imaging biomarker. The results highlight the biological meaning of the estimated individual brain metabolic connectome.
The “Obesity Paradox” in Patients With HFpEF With or Without Comorbid Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Guo Linjuan , Liu Xiao , Yu Peng , Zhu Wengen 
Published: January 2022

Background: Overweight and mildly obese individuals have a lower risk of death than their normal-weight counterparts; this phenomenon is termed “obesity paradox.” Whether this “obesity paradox” exists in patients with heart failure (HF) or can be modified by comorbidities is still controversial. Our current study aimed to determine the association of body mass index (BMI) with outcomes with patients with HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) with or without coexisting atrial fibrillation (AF).Methods: Patients with HFpEF from the Americas in the TOPCAT trial were categorized into the 3 groups: normal weight (18.5–24.9 kg/m2), overweight (25.0–29.9 kg/m2), and obesity (≥30 kg/m2). The Cox proportional-hazards models were used to calculate the adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and CIs.Results: We identified 1,749 patients with HFpEF, 42.1% of which had baseline AF. In the total population of HFpEF, both overweight (HR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.42–0.83) and obesity (HR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.35–0.69) were associated with a reduced risk of all-cause death. Among patients with HFpEF without AF, overweight (HR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.27–0.95) and obesity (HR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.43–0.98) were associated with a lower risk of all-cause death. In those with AF, obesity (HR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.40–0.95) but not overweight (HR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.54–1.21) was associated with a decreased risk of all-cause death.Conclusions: The “obesity paradox” assessed by BMI exists in patients with HFpEF regardless of comorbid AF.Clinical Trial Registration:https://clinicaltrials.gov, identifier: NCT00094302.
Genetic Variants Associated With Sudden Cardiac Death in Victims With Single Vessel Coronary Artery Disease and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy With or Without Fibrosis
Authors: Vähätalo Juha H. , Holmström Lauri T. A. , Pylkäs Katri , Skarp Sini , Porvari Katja , Pakanen Lasse , Kaikkonen Kari S. , Perkiömäki Juha S. , Kerkelä Risto , Huikuri Heikki V. , Myerburg Robert J. , Junttila M. Juhani 
Published: January 2022

Objective: Cardiac hypertrophy with varying degrees of myocardial fibrosis is commonly associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) related sudden cardiac death (SCD), especially in young victims among whom patterns of coronary artery lesions do not entirely appear to explain the cause of SCD. Our aim was to study the genetic background of hypertrophy, with or without fibrosis, among ischemic SCD victims with single vessel CAD.Methods: The study population was derived from the Fingesture study, consisting of all autopsy-verified SCDs in Northern Finland between the years 1998 and 2017 (n = 5,869). We carried out targeted next-generation sequencing using a panel of 174 genes associated with myocardial structure and ion channel function in 95 ischemic-SCD victims (mean age 63.6 ± 10.3 years; 88.4% males) with single-vessel CAD in the absence of previously diagnosed CAD and cardiac hypertrophy with or without myocardial fibrosis at autopsy.Results: A total of 42 rare variants were detected in 43 subjects (45.3% of the study subjects). Five variants in eight subjects (8.4%) were classified as pathogenic or likely pathogenic. We observed 37 variants of uncertain significance in 39 subjects (40.6%). Variants were detected in myocardial structure protein coding genes, associated with arrhythmogenic right ventricular, dilated, hypertrophic and left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathies. Also, variants were detected in ryanodine receptor 2 (RYR2), a gene associated with both cardiomyopathies and catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardias.Conclusions: Rare variants associated with cardiomyopathies, in the absence of anatomic evidence of the specific inherited cardiomyopathies, were common findings among CAD-related SCD victims with single vessel disease and myocardial hypertrophy found at autopsies, suggesting that these variants may modulate the risk for fatal arrhythmias and SCD in ischemic disease.
Comparison of Using Second-Generation Cryoballoon and Radiofrequency Catheter for Atrial Fibrillation Ablation in Patients With the Common Ostium of Inferior Pulmonary Veins
Authors: Li Jia-hui , Xie Hai-yang , Sun Qi , Guo Xiao-gang , Chen Yan-qiao , Cao Zhong-jing , Ma Jian 
Published: January 2022

Aims: To compare the procedural outcomes of cryoballoon ablation (CBA) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with the common ostium of inferior pulmonary veins (COIPV) and to explore the effect of COIPV on CBA performance through the assessment of anatomical factors.Methods: A total of 18 AF patients with COIPV were included. Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) was performed with second-generation CBA or RFA. The anatomical characteristics of COIPV and procedural outcomes were collected.Results: The prevalence of COIPV was 0.82% in the enrolled population. PVI was achieved in all pulmonary veins (PVs) without any complications. The “tricircle” strategy was applied for RFA, and the segmental freeze strategy was performed for CBA. Compared with RFA, CBA had shorter procedural time (median: 53.0 vs. 78.0 min, p &lt; 0.001) and longer fluoroscopy time (median: 13.5 vs. 6.0 min, p &lt; 0.001). Higher ovality index of the ostium was seen in patients with ≥4 freezes in inferior PVs [IPVs; 0.95 (0.78–1.05) vs. 0.49 (0.21–0.83), p = 0.047]. During a median of 23.5 months of follow-up, the atrial arrhythmias-free survival after the procedure was comparable between CBA and RFA (p = 0.729).Conclusion: The second-generation CBA is an efficient and safe alternative for RFA in AF patients with COIPV. Anatomical characteristics of COIPV bring the challenge to the procedure performance of RFA and CBA.
Parasitoid Wasp Community Dynamics in Vineyards Following Insecticide Application
Authors: Schindler Bracha , Gavish-Regev Efrat , Keasar Tamar 
Published: January 2022

In order to integrate parasitoid wasps in agroecosystems as biological control agents, we need to understand how insecticides affect the parasitoids in the crops and their surroundings. We investigated the non-target effect of Indoxacarb, an insecticide commonly used against European grapevine moth, on parasitoid wasp communities in vineyards. We focused on characterizing: 1. The dynamics of common wasp species, and 2. Wasp abundance and species richness in the vineyard center, edge, and nearby natural area. Seven vineyards, with neighboring natural areas, were sampled before, and up to 2 weeks after, Indoxacarb applications over 2 years. We expected initial negative effects of spraying in the vineyard with some effect of Indoxacarb drift into the natural habitat, followed by wasp recovery, first in natural areas, then at the vineyard edge and finally in the center. Sticky traps were hung at the vineyard edge and center to evaluate migration into and out of the vineyard. Vacuum sampling was used to obtain parasitoid total abundance and species richness, and the abundances of four common species (43% of the wasps collected). From the vacuum samples we found that total wasp abundance and richness declined after spraying in the vineyards’ margins and center but rose over time in the natural area. Vineyard wasp abundance was restored to pre-spraying levels within 2 weeks. Among the abundant species, Trichogramma sp. and Telenomus sp., which parasitize lepidopteran hosts, declined after spraying, and Trichogramma sp. recovered more quickly than Telenomus sp. Two other abundant species, Lymaenon litoralis and Oligosita sp., did not decline after spraying. In the sticky traps, wasp abundance increased at the vineyard edge but not center after spraying, suggesting that there was migration of wasps at the vineyard edge, into or out of the crop. The results indicate an effect of Indoxacarb on the parasitoid wasp community, particularly on parasitoids of lepidopterans, the target group of Indoxacarb. The results also indicate a potential for recovery of the parasitoid community through migration from neighboring natural vegetation.
The Effectiveness of Traditional Chinese Yijinjing Qigong Exercise for the Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis on the Pain, Dysfunction, and Mood Disorder: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Zhang Shuaipan , Guo Guangxin , Li Xing , Yao Fei , Wu Zhiwei , Zhu Qingguang , Fang Min 
Published: January 2022

Background: Although traditional Chinese Yijinjing Qigong Exercise (YJJQE) is popularly used in China, to alleviate symptoms of people with knee osteoarthritis (KOA), no randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are available to evaluate the effects of YJJQE in patients with KOA. The purpose of this trial is to assess the clinical efficacy of YJJQE for patients with KOA.Methods: A total of 50 participants clinically diagnosed with KOA are randomly (1:1) assigned to the YJJQE group (n = 25) and to the stretching training exercise (STE) group (n = 25), for a 40-min exercise session twice a week for 12 weeks. All outcome measures are collected at baseline and at 12-week ending intervention, which includes the primary outcomes of Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index Scale (WOMAC), the secondary outcomes of visual analog scale (VAS), mental component summary (MCS), physical component summary (PCS), Beck depression inventory (BDI), perceived stress scale (PSS), Berg balance scale (BBS), and the Gait functional mobility data.Results: The YJJQE group did not have any significant changes compared to the control group on the WOMAC score after the 12-week intervention (P &gt; 0.05), though the YJJQE group demonstrated better performance in MCS, BDI, and PSS (P = 0.002, P = 0.001, and P = 0.026, respectively) than the control group. No serious adverse events occurred in either group, and only mild muscle soreness was reported during both exercise treatments.Conclusion: Because no difference between both groups was shown, with regards to the primary outcome measurement (WOMAC), it can hardly explain that the YJJQE had an advantageous effect on patients experiencing the pain and dysfunction of knee osteoarthritis. However, compared to the control group, YJJQE appeared to be associated with improvements in psychological well-being including reduced stress, anxiety, depression, and mood disturbance to manage KOA. Further trials with larger sample sizes and follow-up studies will be required.Clinical Trial Registration:https://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=60357&amp;htm=4, ChiCTR2000037256.
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Compared With Optical Coherence Tomography for Detection of Early Glaucoma With High Myopia
Authors: Chang Pei-Yao , Wang Jiun-Yi , Wang Jia-Kang , Huang Tzu-Lun , Hsu Yung-Ray 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To investigate the diagnostic abilities of the perfusion density (PD) and structural thickness parameters in the peripapillary and macular regions measured by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) and to test if their diagnostic abilities of early glaucoma are different between highly myopic (HM) and non-highly myopic (NHM) patients.Methods: A total of 75 glaucoma patients and 65 controls were included in the analyses. The glaucoma detection abilities of macular PD and peripapillary PD, along with macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) thickness and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thicknesses were compared between the HM and NHM group. Diagnostic ability was assessed by area under the receiver operating characteristics (AUC) curves, adjusted by age, axial length, and signal strength.Results: The diagnostic ability of macular PD and mGCIPL thickness had no significant difference in both HM and NHM groups. However, the diagnostic ability of peripapillary PD except in the temporal section was significantly lower in the HM group than in the NHM group (all p &lt; 0.05). The diagnostic ability of the superior, nasal, and average pRNFL thickness was also significantly lower in the HM group than in the NHM group (all p &lt; 0.05).Conclusion: This study demonstrated that although peripapillary PD and macular PD were both significantly reduced in patients with highly myopia, the diagnostic ability of peripapillary PD in HM patients was significantly lower than that in NHM patients, while macular PD was not. Macular OCTA along with OCT imaging should be included in the imaging algorithm in early glaucoma diagnosis in highly myopic patients.
Association Between Sensory Loss and Falls Among Middle-Aged and Older Chinese Population: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analyses
Authors: Zhou Yifan , Hu Yanping , Luo Jianfeng , Li Yinwen , Liu Haiyun , Sun Xiaodong , Zhou Minwen 
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Previous studies have suggested that sensory loss is linked to falls. However, most of these studies were cross-sectional designed, focused on single sensory loss, and were conducted in developed countries with mixed results. The current study aims to investigate the longitudinal relationship between hearing loss (HL), vision loss (VL) and dual sensory loss (DSL) with falls among middle-aged and older Chinese population over 7 years.Methods: The data was obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS). In total, 7,623 Chinese older adults aged over 45 were included at baseline 2011 in this study. Self-reported falls and HL/VL/DSL were accepted. Other confounding variables included age, sex, BMI, educational level, marital status, various physical disorders and lifestyles. The impact of baseline sensory status on baseline prevalence of falls and incident falls over 7 years were assessed using logistic regression analyses. A logistic mixed model was used to assess the association between time-varying sensory loss with incident falls over 7 years after adjusted with multi-confounding factors.Results: Single and dual sensory loss groups had significantly higher prevalence of falls compared to no sensory loss (NSL) group (DSL: 22.4%, HL: 17.4%, VL: 15.7%, NSL: 12.3%). Baseline HL (OR: 1.503, 95% CI: 1.240–1.820), VL (OR: 1.330, 95% CI: 1.075–1.646) and DSL (OR: 2.061, 95% CI: 1.768–2.404) were significantly associated with prevalence of falls. For longitudinal observation over 7 years, baseline HL/DSL and persistence of all types of sensory loss were associated with incidence of falls. Time-varying HL (OR: 1.203, 95% CI: 1.070–1.354) and DSL (OR: 1.479, 95% CI: 1.343–1.629) were associated with incident falls after adjusted with multi-confounders, while VL was not.Conclusion: HL and DSL are significantly associated with both onset and increased incidence of falls over 7 year's observation in middle-aged and elderly Chinese population. Persistence or amelioration of sensory loss status could exert divergent influences on incidence of falls, which should be considered in the development of falls-prevention public health policies for aging population.
Knowledge and Attitudes for the Management of Behavioral Variant of Frontotemporal Dementia
Authors: Castro-Suarez Sheila , Guevara-Silva Erik , Caparó-Zamalloa César , Osorio-Marcatinco Victor , Meza-Vega Maria , Miller Bruce , Cornejo-Olivas Mario 
Published: January 2022

Background: The diagnosis of the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) can be especially challenging and is relatively underdiagnosed. There is scarce information on training and attitudes from care providers facing bvFTD in settings with limited resources. We aim to describe clinical knowledge and attitudes facing bvFTD from neurologists, psychiatrists, and residents in Peru.Methods: Potential participants received invitations by email to complete an online questionnaire. In addition, we reviewed 21 curricula from undergraduate medical schools' programs offered by the main schools of medicine in Peru during 2020 and 2021.Results: A total of 145 participants completed the survey. The responders were neurologists (51%), psychiatrists (25%), and residents in neurology or psychiatry (24%). Only 26% of the respondents acknowledged receiving at least one class on bvFTD in undergraduate medical training, but 66.6% received at least some training during postgraduate study. Participants identified isolated supportive symptoms for bvFTD; however, only 25% identified the possible criteria and 18% the probable bvFTD criteria. They identified MoCA in 44% and Frontal Assessment Battery (39%) as the most frequently used screening test to assess bvFTD patients. Memantine and Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors were incorrectly indicated by 40.8% of participants. Seventy six percentage of participants indicated that they did not provide education and support to the caregiver. The dementia topic was available on 95.2%, but FTD in only 19%.Conclusion: Neuropsychiatry medical specialists in Peru receive limited training in FTD. Their clinical attitudes for treating bvFTD require appropriate training focused on diagnostic criteria, assessment tools, and pharmacological and non-pharmacological management.