bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamical dark energy in minimally modified gravity
Authors: Ganz Alexander 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Minimally modified gravity is a class of models with only the two tensor degrees of freedom as in general relativity. Using the framework with auxiliary constraints these models can maintain a dynamical cosmological background. The form of the constraints is thereby restricted by the requirement of dynamical dark energy and the avoidance of a breakdown of perturbation theory. Studying the linear perturbations around the FLRW background the results are, however, quite insensitive to the details of the constraints leading to a modified effective gravitational constant or a non-vanishing sound speed for dust.
Covalent hadronic molecules induced by shared light quarks
Authors: Chen Hua-Xing 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAfter examining Feynman diagrams corresponding to theD¯(*)Σc(*),D¯(*)Λc,D(*)K¯*, andD(*)D¯(*)hadronic molecular states, we propose a possible binding mechanism induced by shared light quarks. This mechanism is similar to the covalent bond in chemical molecules induced by shared electrons. We use the method of QCD sum rules to calculate its corresponding light-quark-exchange diagrams, and the obtained results indicate a model-independent hypothesis: the light-quark-exchange interaction is attractive when the shared light quarks are totally antisymmetric so they obey the Pauli principle. We build a toy model with four parameters to formulize this picture and estimate binding energies of some possibly-existing covalent hadronic molecules. A unique feature of this picture is that the binding energies of the (I)JP= (0)1+DB¯*/D*B¯hadronic molecules are much larger than those of the (I)JP= (0)1+DD*/B¯B¯*ones, while the (I)JP= (1/2)1/2+D¯Σc/D¯Σb/BΣc/BΣbhadronic molecules have similar binding energies.
Demonstration of 4H-SiC CMOS digital IC gates based on the mainstream 6-inch wafer processing technique
Authors: Yang Tongtong , Wang Yan , Yue Ruifeng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this article, the design, fabrication and characterization of silicon carbide (SiC) complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS)-based integrated circuits (ICs) are presented. A metal interconnect strategy is proposed to fabricate the fundamental N-channel MOS (NMOS) and P-channel MOS (PMOS) devices that are required for the CMOS circuit configuration. Based on the mainstream 6-inch SiC wafer processing technology, the simultaneous fabrication of SiC CMOS ICs and power MOSFET is realized. Fundamental gates, such as inverter and NAND gates, are fabricated and tested. The measurement results show that the inverter and NAND gates function well. The calculated low-to-high delay (low-to-high output transition) and high-to-low delay (high-to-low output transition) are 49.9 and 90 ns, respectively.
The forgotten (?) potentiometric method in thermometry
Authors: Steur Peter P M 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Nowadays, the use of the (four-wire) automatic resistance bridge is widespread in thermometry, up to the point that it is believed to be the only method to measure the resistance of thermometers with the required accuracy. However, before the introduction of this type of bridge, other methods were used in thermometry that, specifically with the comparison of thermometers, may still have their advantages. One of these is the so-called two-wire potentiometric method, described here shortly, where—unlike the four-wire method—all thermometers of the same type are placed in a series configuration, and only voltages are measured with a carefully characterized potentiometer. Additionally, a variant of the method is given which may successfully be applied with future thermometer comparisons.
Local destabilization of the ideal or infinite-n ballooning mode in the H-mode pedestal region with high triangularity
Authors: Kim J.Y. , Han H.S. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Unlike the usual belief that the access to the 2nd stability regime of the H-mode pedestal is facilitated by strong plasma shaping, high triangularity is shown to induce a local breakdown of the access by destabilizing the ideal or infinite-n ballooning mode in the outer-well region, where n is the toroidal mode number. This destabilization in high triangularity regime is conjectured mainly due to the substantial increase of the magnetic shear, which can then make the stabilizing magnetic well effect sub-dominant. A large similarity observed in the mode excitation condition and location suggests that these locally-destabilized modes may be a possible source of the broadband fluctuations which are believed to trigger the wide pedestal quiescent-H (QH) mode in low toroidal rotation limit.
Architectural design criteria for infection control in hospitals during construction and development
Authors: Marawan Emad , Rezk Hosam , Sameh Hesham 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Hospitals are the type of buildings which need development and expansion continuously so it can achieve all the demands of the progress in the medical field, medical devices, and the updates in the infrastructure of the hospitals. Due to the spread of many bacteria that are related to the construction and development process, many countries had to take into considerations many strict precautions to reduce the danger of the infection spread. These precautions are important either inside the building of the hospital or outside, so the maximum reduction of infection spread should be reached as there are many patients suffer from lack of immunity. This research aims to reach a rational design criterion for hospital designers which gains the required demands to combat the infection spread during construction and development process meanwhile continuing to present the medical services. It is strongly recommended to introduce flexible structural module that can be reused in different activities. Also, isolation of patient’s spaces during construction becomes a mandatory manner. Moreover, it is advised to design an adaptable ventilation system which facilitates different sectors separation, either patient, medical stuff, or workers paths.
Towards a Model for the Assessment of Low-income Housing: A case study in Egypt
Authors: Mabrouk Hady Gamal , Elfiki Sherif , Fahmy Amgad 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Egypt is currently witnessing an unprecedented development in the sector of low-income housing. So far, little research has investigated the extent to which such projects have contributed to the genuine satisfaction of the residents. Residential satisfaction (RS) describes the sense of fulfillment when someone has what he needs in a home. RS is a well-known criterion for planners, architects, experts, and decision-makers. Due to its remarkable significance, many models have been developed to assess RS in different places of the world. Residence is a highly complex concept with physical, psychological, and social implications. That is why it is believed that the particularity of every community shall prioritize the elements of RS in different ways. The present research is meant to develop an appropriate model for assessing residential satisfaction in low-income housing projects in Egypt. Towards this objective, the study undertakes an analytical review of previous RS models and examines them against the Egyptian context. The sought-after model shall address the characteristics of three primary domains: the residential unit, the neighborhood facilities, and the social environment. Accordingly, the outcome of this study provides an effective framework that can help developers and decision-makers to enhance their future housing schemes based on a more profound understanding of the individuality of the local context. Hence, contributing to the improvement of the built environment in Egypt.
Application of COVID-19 guidelines in workplace design
Authors: Elskalakany Salma M. , Tolba Osama , Fahmy Amgad 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The spread of COVID-19 has been recorded as one of the most severe worldwide pandemics. Workplaces are a germicidal environment for spreading viruses due to their high occupation. As a response, international health, safety, and architectural organizations have published pandemic-related guidelines to create a safe working environment for the employees. Covid-19 has impacted reshaping the internal architectural workspace design. The research shall review the published international organizations’ guidelines on workspace design and its architectural interpretations established by international design companies, which seek to create safer designs for workplaces post-pandemic. This study is a concise review of the workplace-related guidelines and precautions published by health and safety and architectural organizations such as WHO, CDC, OSHA, ASHARE, AIA, AHIA, and ILO. Secondly, aggregate data has been developed to frame and compile the design interpretations of the published pandemic guidelines recognized by several international architecture and furniture companies which has been interpreted into architectural plans of the common spaces of the office buildings. As a result, a matrix table was created which includes the common spaces in office buildings and their post-COVID architectural solutions. This matrix shall be used as a tool to be employed as a guide for design consultants in designing healthy workplaces that are resilient to airborne pandemics, which shall benefit in revisiting the architectural standards according to the published workplaces Pandemic guidelines.
Causes Influencing Construction Waste Generation During the Design Process: An Analytical Study
Authors: Saad A S , Othman A A E , Alamoudy F O 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Despite the social and economic contributions of the construction industry towards achieving sustainable development objectives, it has an adverse effect on the environment such as the generation of waste, water, and energy consumption. Construction waste (CW) is the loss of materials that are produced during or after the construction process and has no remaining value. Several countries promote waste elimination plans at early stages to reduce CW at its source. The Egyptian government is expanding its investments in new mega projects and infrastructure facilities like new administrative capital, bridges, roads, energy projects which resulted in increasing the rate and amount of generated CW. The literature review stated that 33% of CW generated in the primary design stage is the result of design flaws such as design errors and lack of waste management strategies used during the design process. Accordingly, this research aims to investigate the factors influencing CW generation during the design process. To achieve this aim, the development of proper research methodology took place, where it consisted of qualitative analysis of previously published literature and examining case studies to accomplish two objectives. Firstly, an investigation of previous literature focused on studying the design process, CW, and the global and national waste management strategies. Secondly, three case studies were introduced and analysed to study the role of design out waste strategies towards reducing CW during the design process.
Effect of Bio-material in Thermal Insulation Case-Study: Energy Saving in Residential Building in Aswan City
Authors: Abd El-Hady R E , Zayan A A , Mohamed A F 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The buildings industry represents about 34% of the total greenhouse gas emission percentage of the whole planet. Therefore, global warming is the main problem that countries are looking forward to finding a solution for by using a sustainable strategy to create new communities with zero carbon effects through decreased energy consumption and sustainable materials and design. One of the main reasons for the climate problem is that 64% more energy is used. The building material industry has a role in the rising energy and climate differences. Although increasing energy consumption depends on many reasons, one of the characteristics of building material used in the construction phase as fired clay brick is one of the significant construction industries. It produces a massive amount of greenhouse gases. On the other side, it will make these materials expensive and scarce in the long run, leading to substantial uncontrolled degradation of the natural environment. So, some different materials and forms of construction have developed in different parts of the world due to climatic differences to be commensurate with the surrounding climate environment.
The Impact of Street Trees on a Typical Urban Canyon in Eastern Cairo Region
Authors: Elbardisy W M , Salheen M A , Fahmy M 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The trend of upgrading urban areas in Egypt is expanding across the region for better urban mobility patterns. Meanwhile, the concerns towards climate change and creating resilient communities are evolving to avoid the dramatic consequences on urban environments. Street trees offer great benefit in climate moderation, particularly in hot arid regions as in Cairo. In this work, different spatial arrangements and locations for evergreen, deciduous trees and palms at NW street canyon are tested using ENVI-met numerical simulation tool. It is aimed to maximize the cooling effect of tree shade on street facades and attain better pedestrian thermal comfort in peak summer times. This ultimately gives better guidance for urban planners and policymakers towards an improved planting design pattern. Comparing simulation results, it is concluded that evergreen trees located at the building edge can provide up to 6°C cooler walls and up to 3.8°C when placed at the building centre. Whilst other tree species have lower cooling effects. Also, these trees have a great role in attaining better thermal comfort levels for pedestrians at the street level. It is recommended to wisely choose suitable tree species and arrangements to maximize the cooling benefits in the urban environment.
A sustainable road safety approach for pedestrians in new cities of Egypt
Authors: Azouz Mona , Fahim Ahmed 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Over the last decade, Egypt’s growing population and dynamic economy have resulted in a need for greater infrastructure development; consequently, the risk of pedestrians crossing at grade has increased tremendously. For reducing fatalities caused by the conflict between pedestrians crossing at grade and vehicles, pedestrian bridges have been established. Noting that these bridges which are dedicated to human safety are highly expensive, therefore without the fulfilment of conditions of safety, convenience and ease of accessibility they might be a wasted investment. In this respect, site visits and a SWOT analysis were conducted on three pedestrian bridges in New Cairo for monitoring and evaluating the impact of these interventions. The assessment of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of these projects formed a base for upgrading and the development of new projects. Although, there are some attempts for using escalators for encouraging usability of pedestrian bridges, the research propose a national project using small solar PV systems for the operation of outdoor escalators in a more sustainable manner, which would in turn support the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This requires joining efforts of all relevant stakeholders in coordinated and rigorous action towards achieving road safety targets.
Integrated mapping of the earthquake-induced liquefaction in Wates Groundwater Basin, Kulon Progo for land use planning consideration: A preliminary study
Authors: Ilham Muhamad , Putra Doni Prakasa Eka 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Since the development of New Yogyakarta International Airport (NYIA), land use planning and development in Wates Groundwater Basin, Kulon Progo, Indonesia, becoming more crucial. A regional-scaled study led by Buana et al. (2019) pointed out the area as moderate-high susceptibility to liquefaction. This study provides updated land-use conditions and a detailed liquefaction susceptibility map using Geographic Information System and Multi-Criteria Analysis (GIS-MCA) from the previous research data by Maulana (2017). The result shows that the south and east part of the basin is classified as very high susceptibility to liquefaction while the other part is low to moderate susceptibility class. This preliminary study suggests the best recommendation for geophysics and Standard Penetration Test (SPT) data acquisition in further analysis.
Application of stone column method for liquefaction mitigation in Palu Bay area after the 2018 Palu earthquake
Authors: Patriaman Fahrizal , Fathani Teuku Faisal 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
On 28 September 2018, an earthquake occurred on the north-south Palu Koro shear fault, extending through Palu City and other cities in Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. In addition to the tsunami, the event triggered liquefaction not only on the land but also in the coastal area. Thus, mitigation efforts to prevent potential disasters in Palu Bay coastal area are required. This research covered the Palu Bay coastal area, Central Sulawesi Province and conducted through the core drillings and Standard Penetration Tests on the area. Low liquefaction potential was achieved through soil improvement by applying stone column method based on the specified criteria. Mitigation effort on the liquefaction hazards comprised of stone column method which applied the Priebe’s calculation method. The mapping result indicated the need for stone columns with deeper and closer spacing distance on the western and southern areas than those in the eastern areas. Due to the wide variety of stone column designs resulted from the mitigation analysis, simplification stone column designs was made to facilitate the construction implementation.
Distribution, petrographic analysis, and preliminary source identification of Hindu-Buddhist artifacts in Karangsambung-Karangbolong National Geopark and surrounding areas, Kebumen, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Primizakaria J , Setiawan N I , Ansori C 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Hindu-Buddhist artifacts (e.g., linga, yoni, statues, and craft objects such as pottery) were discovered in Karangsambung-Karangbolong National Geopark (KKNG) and surrounding areas, Kebumen, Central Java, Indonesia. The information related to the distribution, composition, and source of the Hindu-Buddhist artifacts is essential to support the development and management of the KKNG, particularly on the relation of lithology units with cultural diversity. A geological field survey was conducted to produce a distribution map of the artifacts, then overlaid with the geological map of Banyumas and Kebumen sheets scale of 1:100,000. Totally of 10 Hindu-Buddhist artifacts were distributed in the research area, grouped into 3 areas, namely Karangbolong Hills, Kebumen, and southern Kebumen areas. Furthermore, 10 samples of artifacts were collected and petrographically analyzed to acquire their compositions and to determine their source identification. Based on their distribution and petrographical analyses, the artifacts were made of andesite (linga of Tugu, linga, and yoni of Sumberadi, tomb of Trasidi, Celeng Stone, yoni of Rowo), tuffaceous sandstone (tomb of Kuwu Panjer), and sandy micrite (Ganesha statue of Kejawang) sourced from Halang Formation. Meanwhile, andesite rocks used to construct the Kalbut Stone and linga of Pejarakan were sourced from Gabon Formation.
Geochemistry of arc alkaline magmatism of Java Island, Sunda Arc: a statistical review
Authors: Handini Esti , Wayan Warmada I , Hasenaka Toshiaki , Barber Nicholas D , Shibata Tomoyuki 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Alkaline magmatism develops in the rear arc area of Java, Sunda Arc, at different range of slab depth; ~270-580 km in central section and ~150 km in the east. We collate published geochemical data of volcanic rocks from four alkaline volcanoes (Muria, Lasem, Bawean, and Ringgit-Beser) and perform statistical analysis to evaluate geochemical characteristics of each suite. A set of major and trace elements is scaled and transformed using principal component analysis (PCA) and then followed by implementation of k-means algorithm to cluster the data points based on Euclidian distances. K-means clustering of the dataset suggests that Central Java alkalines are most elevated in K2O and total alkali. The algorithm further suggests that Muria samples can be clustered into two, owing to these components. These two clusters, however, are not well reflected on trace element-based clustering. Lasem volcanics show distinct cluster high in Na2O/K2O and SiO2, while Bawean samples are mixed into both Muria clusters. Ringgit-Beser alkalines show two distinct clusters tied to MgO and enrichment in Ba, Rb, and Sr. Our findings suggest that the potassium and LILE enrichment in these alkaline rocks is independent of slab depth and is most likely regulated by tectonic-related arc segmentation in Java subduction zone.
Estimation of Volume and Column Height from Pumiceous Tephra-Fall Deposits of Mt. Raung, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Cahyani S M , Wibowo H E , Moktikanana M L A , Fajarwati A , Kristianto  
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Pumiceous tephra-fall deposits observed mainly in the western flank of Mt. Raung are indicating past explosive eruption event. The volume and the eruption column height of the eruptive event is estimated using isopach and isopleth maps. These maps are constructed from seven observation points. The pumiceous tephra-fall deposits can be divided into 9 layers from bottom to top, White Pumice Fall 1–7, Yellow Pumice Fall, and Lithic-Rich Scoria Fall. These layers not separated by any soil or weathered layer indicates no significant time gap between them. Isopach and isopleth maps are generated from White Pumice Fall 6, Yellow Pumice Fall, and Lithic-Rich Scoria Fall considering the widespread distribution of these deposits. White Pumice Fall, Yellow Pumice Fall, and Lithic-Rich Scoria Fall are resulted from eruptive event with ~25–33 km, ~35 km, and ~29 km column height and 1.3 km3, 0.73 km3, and 0.32 km3 volume, respectively. Total volume of 2.35 km3 and the column height of 25-35 km suggest that Plinian eruption type of VEI 5 magnitude produces this pumiceous tephra-fall deposit sequence.
Grain size, mineralogical, and geochemistry of the 1996-2018 Volcanic Products of Anak Krakatau Volcano, Indonesia
Authors: Ardian D N , Darmawan H , Wahyudi  , Mutaqin B W , Suratman  , Haerani N , Wikanti  
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Anak Krakatau Volcano is the only active volcano on Krakatau Volcanic Complex. It is located in the Sunda Strait as part of the Quaternary volcanic arc as a result of the Indo-Australian plate subduction under the Eurasian plate. The volcanic activity of the Anak Krakatau volcano since 1927 is considered to be very active with a combination of explosive and effusive eruptions. Lava flow tends to be concentrated in the southwestern part, except for the 1996 lava flow (north) and 1993 lava flow (northeast). In 2018 there was an eruption accompanied by flank collapse on the southwestern side, caused by the accumulation of the instability volcanic body due to volcanic and tectonic activity. The volcanic activity will be reflected in the resulting deposits. This study was conducted to determine the characteristics of the deposits, especially on the northern part for post-1996. The analysis carried out included the stratigraphic columns, granulometric, petrography, and geochemistry analysis.