bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cancer patients' experience with a pharmacist‐led oral chemotherapy clinic: A qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Hamner Allison N. , Andrick Benjamin , Mathur Anupama , Gionfriddo Michael R. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionGeisinger in Danville, Pennsylvania, has pharmacist‐managed oral chemotherapy clinics that manage approximately 100 patients per day. Through a collaborative practice agreement with the provider, the pharmacist serves as a clinical extender to manage patients' oral oncolytics between provider visits. Previous studies have described the clinical and financial impact of a pharmacist‐driven oral chemotherapy clinic, yet there is a paucity of data regarding patients' perceptions of the care received in such clinics.ObjectivesWe aimed to conduct a qualitative, semi‐structured, and descriptive study to better understand the patients' perceived role of the pharmacist in their care, perceived benefits, and opportunities for optimization.MethodsPatients were prospectively sampled from clinic records in this single clinic study. Eligible patients must have a clinic visit between November 2020 and March 2021, be at least 18 years of age, and have at least six documented encounters with the clinic pharmacist within the last 6 months. Patients were excluded if they were residents of a nursing home or rehab if they required a professional caregiver, or if they had not personally talked with the pharmacist during at least four encounters within the previous 6 months.ResultsOut of 110 screened patients, 36 met the inclusion criteria, and 21 completed the interview. Overall, patients described the oral chemotherapy pharmacist as knowledgeable, helpful, and considerate of their situation. When comparing the oral chemotherapy pharmacist to a community pharmacist, some patients felt the oral chemotherapy pharmacist provided more personalized care. One area of improvement identified by patients included improving the clarity and consistency of clinic phone calls.ConclusionsBased on the results of our thematic analysis, patients value the services provided in our pharmacist‐managed oral chemotherapy clinic; however, areas of improvement included how pharmacists communicate with patients regarding their care and the pharmacist's role within the care team.
The Prrx1eGFP Mouse Labels the Periosteum During Development and a Subpopulation of Osteogenic Periosteal Cells in the Adult
Authors: Brown Sarah , Malik Saif , Aljammal Maria , O'Flynn Aine , Hobbs Carl , Shah Mittal , Roberts Scott J , Logan Malcolm PO 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTThe identity of the cells that form the periosteum during development is controversial with current dogma suggesting these are derived from a Sox9‐positive progenitor. Herein, we characterize a newly created Prrx1eGFP reporter transgenic mouse line during limb formation and postnatally. Interestingly, in the embryo Prrx1eGFP‐labeled cells become restricted around the Sox9‐positive cartilage anlage without themselves becoming Sox9‐positive. In the adult, the Prrx1eGFP transgene live labels a subpopulation of cells within the periosteum that are enriched at specific sites, and this population is diminished in aged mice. The green fluorescent protein (GFP)‐labeled subpopulation can be isolated using fluorescence‐activated cell sorting (FACS) and represents approximately 8% of all isolated periosteal cells. The GFP‐labeled subpopulation is significantly more osteogenic than unlabeled, GFP‐negative periosteal cells. In addition, the osteogenic and chondrogenic capacity of periosteal cells in vitro can be extended with the addition of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) to the expansion media. We provide evidence to suggest that osteoblasts contributing to cortical bone formation in the embryo originate from Prrx1eGFP‐positive cells within the perichondrium, which possibly piggyback on invading vascular cells and secrete new bone matrix. In summary, the Prrx1eGFP mouse is a powerful tool to visualize and isolate periosteal cells and to quantify their properties in the embryo and adult. © 2022 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Effects of inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination on male fertility: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Dong Yehao , Li Xiaoyun , Li Zewu , Zhu Yunting , Wei Zichun , He Jiarui , Cheng Hongju , Yang Aijun , Chen Fei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNumerous studies have revealed severe damage to male fertility from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection, raising concerns about the potential adverse impact on reproductive function of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccine developed based on the virus. Interestingly, there are several researchers who have studied the impact of the COVID‐19 mRNA vaccine since then but have come up with conflicting results. As a near‐ideal candidate for mass immunization programs, inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine has been widely used in many countries, particularly in less wealthy nations. However, little is known about its effect on male fertility. Here, we conducted a retrospective cohort study at a single large center for reproductive medicine in China between December 2021 and August 2022. Five hundred and nineteen fertile men with no history of laboratory‐confirmed COVID‐19 were included and categorized into four groups based on their vaccination status: unvaccinated group (n = 168), one‐dose vaccinated group (n = 8), fully vaccinated group (n = 183), and booster group (n = 160). All of them underwent a semen analysis and most had serum sex hormone levels tested. There were no significant differences in all semen parameters and sex hormone levels between the unvaccinated group and either vaccinated group. To account for possible vaccination‐to‐test interval‐specific changes, sub‐analyses were performed for two interval groups: ≤90 and >90 days. As expected, most of the semen parameters and sex hormone levels remained unchanged between the control and vaccinated groups. However, participants in vaccinated group (≤90 days) have decreased total sperm motility and increased follicle‐stimulating hormone level compared with the ones in unvaccinated group. Moreover, some trends similar to those found during COVID‐19 infection and recovery were observed in our study. Fortunately, all values are within the normal range. In addition, vaccinated participants reported few adverse reactions. No special medical intervention was required, and no serious adverse reactions happened. Our study suggests that inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination does not impair male fertility, possibly due to the low frequency of adverse effects. This information reassures young male population who got this vaccine worldwide, and helps guide future vaccination efforts.
Scavenger receptor class B type I genetic variants associated with disease severity in chronic hepatitis C virus infection
Authors: Arandhara Victoria L. , McClure Charles Patrick , Tarr Alexander W. , Chappell Sally , Morgan Kevin , Baumert Thomas F. , Irving William L. , Ball Jonathan K. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAnalysis of host genetic polymorphisms is an increasingly important tool for understanding and predicting pathogenesis and treatment response of viral diseases. The gene locus of scavenger receptor class B type I (SR‐BI), encoding a cell entry factor and receptor for hepatitis C virus (HCV), contains several genetic polymorphisms. We applied a probe extension assay to determine the frequency of six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the SR‐BI gene locus in 374 individuals with history of HCV infection. In addition, SR‐BI messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were analyzed in liver biopsy specimens of chronically infected HCV subjects. The rs5888 variant allele T was present at a higher frequency in subjects with advanced fibrosis (χ2, p = 0.016) and after adjusting for age, duration of infection and alcohol intake as confounding factors. Haplotype analysis of SNP frequencies showed that a haplotype consisting of rs61932577 variant allele C and rs5888 variant allele T was associated with an increased risk of advanced liver fibrosis (defined by an Ishak score 4−6) (adjusted odds ratio 2.81; 95% confidence interval 1.06−7.46. p = 0.038). Carriers of the rs5888 variant allele T displayed reduced SR‐BI mRNA expression in liver biopsy specimens. In conclusion the rs5888 polymorphism variant is associated with decreased SR‐BI expression and an increased risk of development of advanced fibrosis in chronic HCV infection. These findings provide further evidence for a role of SR‐BI in HCV pathogenesis and provides a genetic marker for prediction of those infected individuals at greater risk of developing severe disease.
The dissolved oxygen budget of a small Canadian Shield lake during winter
Authors: Ghane Alireza , Boegman Leon 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDeep‐water hypoxia is an environmental concern in temperate lakes. Seasonal turnover events provide a mechanism for deep‐water oxygenation; however, the lake oxygen budget and mixing dynamics during turnovers are poorly understood. In the present study, the oxygen cycle in a small dimictic lake was investigated from long‐term field measurements supplemented with output from a three‐dimensional numerical model. Photosynthetic production and atmospheric exchange were modeled to predominate during spring and fall turnovers, respectively, contributing 92% (surprisingly) and 8% of the net dissolved oxygen (DO) input to the lake. Of the DO production, 41% occurred under‐ice, with a potential to supply 17% ± 11% of the hypolimnetic DO saturation deficit at spring turnover. The corresponding DO sinks were sediment oxygen demand (− 54%), mineralization (− 33%), and nitrification (− 13%). The watercolumn circulation and stratification during pre‐winter and spring turnover controlled the inter‐annual variability in hypoxia during the following summer. Warm winters (~ 4°C watercolumn leading to rapid summer stratification) and severely cold winters (strong winter stratification with shallow convective mixing in spring) were followed by incomplete spring turnover, whereas, following cold winters (moderate winter stratification and extended convection) turnover was complete. This underscores the connection between winter hydrodynamics and summer water quality in dimictic lakes.
From organismal physiology to ecological processes: Effects of nutrient enrichment and salinity variation in a freshwater ecosystem
Authors: Carrier‐Belleau Charlotte , Pascal Ludovic , Tiegs Scott D. , Nozais Christian , Archambault Philippe 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEnvironmental stressors have profound implications for species, communities, and ecosystems by altering fundamental processes. With increasing human impacts on aquatic ecosystems, two main scenarios have been reported: (1) the spatiotemporal superposition of multiple stressors, leading to interactions among them and (2) intensifying environmental gradients, leading to threshold responses. However, studies designed to assess the effects of multiple stressors (e.g., pulse stressors) along environmental gradients (e.g., press stressors) are uncommon, and interactions between pulse and press stressors may cause abrupt changes in biological responses. We conducted a laboratory experiment to investigate the effects of osmotic stress along a nutrient enrichment gradient on a freshwater community composed of periphyton, microorganisms, and zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha). Our objectives were to (1) quantify the individual and combined effects of stressors, (2) delineate thresholds along the nutrient gradient (press) in the absence and presence of osmotic stress (pulse), and (3) test for interactions between the two stressors. We evaluated effects on metabolic rates in D. polymorpha and on microbial activity, as well as phototrophic periphyton biomass and physiological status. We observed interactions between the two stressors for metabolic rates in D. polymorpha and periphytic phaeopigments. In contrast, we found an individual effect of osmotic stress on microbial activity and chlorophyll a content. Thresholds were only identified in the presence of osmotic stress for metabolic rates in D. polymorpha. Our work highlights the importance of combining multiple stressors with environmental gradients and the need to consider multiple biological compartments when evaluating the impacts of stressors on ecosystems.
L‐Theanine Mitigates the Harmful Effects of Excess High‐Protein Diet in Rats by Regulating Protein Metabolism
Authors: Lin Ling , Zhang Jiao , He Lin , Li Lanlan , Song Yuxin , Xiao Wenjun , Gong Zhihua 
Published: November 2022

Scopel‐Theanine (LTA) is a non‐protein amino acid that contributes to the flavor of tea and can regulate protein metabolism of healthy organisms. However, it is unknown whether it regulates protein metabolism in individuals on high‐protein diets (HPDs).Methods and resultsHere, Sprague–Dawley rats are fed HPDs with different protein supply ratios and administered a diverse dose of LTA for 40 days. Results show that HPDs with an energy supply ratio from protein >40% impair the liver and kidneys, elevate serum ammonia and urea nitrogen, induce amino acid (AA) catabolism, and promote fatty acid (FA) synthesis via FA‐binding protein 5 (Fabp5) and acetyl‐CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1). LTA intervention alleviates HPD‐induced hepatic and renal injury and improves serum biochemical indices. It increases hepatic free AA content and inhibits FA synthesis by downregulating Fabp5 and ACC1. It promotes protein synthesis by acting on the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, thereby alleviating HPD‐induced metabolic disorders.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that LTA mitigates kidney and liver damage induced by long‐term excess HPDs by regulating protein metabolism.
Loss of Visceral Fat is Associated with a Reduction in Inflammatory Status in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Castro‐Barquero Sara , Casas Rosa , Rimm Eric B. , Tresserra‐Rimbau Anna , Romaguera Dora , Martínez J. Alfredo , Salas‐Salvadó Jordi , Martínez‐González Miguel A. , Vidal Josep , Ruiz‐Canela Miguel , Konieczna Jadwiga , Sacanella Emilio , García‐Gavilán Jesús Francisco , Fitó Montse , García‐Arellano Ana , Estruch Ramon 
Published: November 2022

ScopeExcessive visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is associated with higher secretion of pro‐inflammatory molecules, contributing to systemic inflammation and obesity‐related metabolic disturbances.Methods and resultsThis prospective analysis includes 117 overweight/obese adults (55–75 years) from the PREDIMED‐Plus study. Fourteen inflammatory markers and adipokines are measured using a Bio‐Plex assay with multiplex technology: insulin, glucagon, IL‐6, visfatin, ghrelin, GLP‐1, TNF‐α, MCP‐1, PAI‐1, resistin, C‐peptide, leptin, adipsin, and adiponectin. Participants are categorized into tertiles according to changes in VAT after 1‐year of follow‐up, determined by dual‐energy X‐Ray absorptiometry. Participants allocate in tertile 3, which represent an increase of VAT content after 1‐year of follow‐up compared to tertile 1, show significant differences in insulin (T3 vs T1, fully adjusted model: p = 0.037, p for trend 0.042), PAI‐1 (fully adjusted model: p = 0.05, p for trend 0.06), c‐peptide (fully adjusted model: p = 0.037, p for trend 0.042), and TNF‐α (fully adjusted model p = 0.037, p for trend 0.042).ConclusionThe results evidence that a reduction in VAT is associated with clinical improvements in several inflammatory and adiposity markers, mainly in insulin, c‐peptide, and PAI‐1 levels, and these improvements may contribute to a reduction in cardiometabolic disturbances observe in obesity.
Camel Milk Cannot Prevent the Development of Cow's Milk Allergy—A Study in Brown Norway Rats
Authors: Maryniak Natalia Zofia , Stage Mette Halkjær , Ballegaard Anne‐Sofie Ravn , Sancho Ana Isabel , Hansen Egon Bech , Bøgh Katrine Lindholm 
Published: November 2022

ScopeCurrently there are no specific recommendations for the use of any particular infant formula in the prevention of cow's milk allergy (CMA). Recently, there has been an increasing interest in alternative infant formulas based on milk proteins from other sources than the cow, including milk from other mammalians such as goat, sheep, donkey, horse, and camel. Whereas these have been studied for their usability in CMA management, there are no studies of their CMA preventive capacity. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate whether camel milk can prevent CMA and vice versa.Methods and resultsThe capacity of camel milk in preventing CMA and vice versa is evaluated in a well‐established prophylactic Brown Norway rat model. IgG1, IgE, and IgA responses, allergy elicitation, intestinal and mLN gene expression, and protein uptake are analyzed. The study demonstrates that camel and cow's milk in general has an insignificant cross‐preventive capacity. Yet, whereas cow's milk is shown to have a low transient capacity to prevent sensitization and clinically active camel milk allergy, camel milk does not show this effect for CMA.ConclusionsThis study suggests that due to lack of cross‐tolerance camel milk cannot be used for CMA prevention.
Anomalous 1H NMR chemical shift behavior of substituted benzoic acid esters
Authors: Gadikota Vidya , Govindapur Rajeshwar Reddy , Reddy D. Srinivas , Roseman Hailey J. , Williamson R. Thomas , Raab Jeffrey G. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBenzoic acid esters represent key building blocks for many drug discovery and development programs and have been advanced as potent PDE4 inhibitors for inhaled administration for treatment of respiratory diseases. This class of compounds has also been employed in myriad industrial processes and as common food preservatives. Recent work directed toward the synthesis of intermediates for a proprietary medicinal chemistry program led us to observe that the 1H NMR chemical shifts of substituents ortho to the benzoic acid ester moiety defied conventional iterative chemical shift prediction protocols. To explore these unexpected results, we initiated a detailed computational study employing density functional theory (DFT) calculations to better understand the unexpectedly large variance in expected versus experimental NMR chemical shifts.
Enhanced physics‐informed neural networks for hyperelasticity
Authors: Abueidda Diab W. , Koric Seid , Guleryuz Erman , Sobh Nahil A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPhysics‐informed neural networks have gained growing interest. Specifically, they are used to solve partial differential equations governing several physical phenomena. However, physics‐informed neural network models suffer from several issues and can fail to provide accurate solutions in many scenarios. We discuss a few of these challenges and the techniques, such as the use of Fourier transform, that can be used to resolve these issues. This paper proposes and develops a physics‐informed neural network model that combines the residuals of the strong form and the potential energy, yielding many loss terms contributing to the definition of the loss function to be minimized. Hence, we propose using the coefficient of variation weighting scheme to dynamically and adaptively assign the weight for each loss term in the loss function. The developed PINN model is standalone and meshfree. In other words, it can accurately capture the mechanical response without requiring any labeled data. Although the framework can be used for many solid mechanics problems, we focus on three‐dimensional (3D) hyperelasticity, where we consider two hyperelastic models. Once the model is trained, the response can be obtained almost instantly at any point in the physical domain, given its spatial coordinates. We demonstrate the framework's performance by solving different problems with various boundary conditions.
Numerical modeling of nonlinear photoelasticity
Authors: Mehnert Markus , Oates William , Steinmann Paul 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWhen molecular photo‐switches, such as azobenzene or norbornadiene, are embedded into a sufficiently soft polymer matrix the resulting compound can undergo a mechanical deformation induced by light of a specific wavelength. These photo‐sensitive compounds have the potential to be applied as soft actuators without the need for hard wired electronics or a separate energy source. Such characteristics are especially attractive in the design of micro‐scale robots but also other applications such as high‐speed data transfer or the conversion of photonic energy into a mechanical response holds great promise. Despite these almost futuristic possibilities, photo‐sensitive polymers have not yet experienced a sufficient attention in industrial applications. One important factor to increase the acceptance of this group of soft smart materials is the formulation of a rigorous constitutive modeling approach in combination with numerical simulation methods. Thus, in this contribution we present a photo‐mechanical modeling approach, departing from the fundamentals published previously. We briefly introduce the necessary constitutive equations which are subsequently utilized in combination with the respective balance laws into a finite element implementation. Finally, the capabilities of the numerical solution approach are illustrated by a simple two‐dimensional bench‐mark example and subsequently extended to a more complex three‐dimensional problem.
Experimental study of electrical complex resistivity in a 2D multiphase porous medium under non‐isothermal conditions: Application to soil remediation monitoring
Authors: Iravani Mohammad Ali , Davarzani Hossein , Deparis Jacques , Colombano Stéfan , Philippe Nicolas , Oniangue Benjarese , Guérin Roger , Maineult Alexis 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this decade, electro‐geophysical methods are widely used in different environmental subjects. Studies on soil remediation when polluted by dense non‐aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) has become a certain need for all countries. Geoelectrical methods have shown their potential to facilitate evaluating decontamination processes. Our challenge in this study was to understand how coupled temperature and saturation changes affect electro‐geophysical parameters in a contaminated 2D sample. The primary objective was to evaluate the efficiency and potential of spectral‐induced polarization (SIP) for monitoring the recovery of DNAPLs in contaminated porous media. A set of 2D tank experiments investigated the impacts of temperature and saturation changes on the electrical complex resistivity of a saturated porous medium under non‐isothermal conditions. The measurements were made with a coal‐tar and water fluid pair in a porous medium that has been simulated by 1 mm glass beads. Hot water was circulated around the tank and an immersion heater used to heat the porous medium in the tank at different stages. The SIP technique (also called complex resistivity) was used to measure the complex electrical resistivity of a medium in the frequency domain. The experimental results for a simple drainage case were validated using numerical modelling. The complex electrical resistivity was used to obtain the saturation field before and after imbibition. For this purpose, the generalized Archie's law obtained for the same fluid pair with 1D cells (with a vertical flow) was used. Our results from electrical resistivity measurements for saturation fields are in accordance with 2D tank images and can illustrate the saturation change with pointwise resistivity measurements. The results show that saturation change has the primary role in electrical resistivity variation compared to temperature (5%–7%). We also studied the effects of temperature change on the Cole–Cole parameters, and the results confirm our previous findings with the same variation trend in these parameters. The results from varying electrical complex resistivity from the 2D tank (with vertical and horizontal flow) in the laboratory conditions will help us to understand the coupled temperature and saturation effects on complex resistivity in a real polluted site case.