bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness and safety of topical 15% resorcinol in the management of mild‐to‐moderate hidradenitis suppurativa: A cohort study
Authors: Cordero‐Ramos Jaime , Barros‐Tornay Rubén , Toledo‐Pastrana Tomás , Ferrándiz Lara , Calleja‐Hernández Miguel Ángel , Moreno‐Ramírez David 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAntibiotics remain one of the main treatment alternatives in mild‐to‐moderate hidradenitis suppurativa. The use of topical 15% resorcinol reduces antibiotic pressure and the generation of resistance. However, knowledge on its efficacy and safety is limited. This single‐center, prospective, follow‐up cohort study evaluated topical 15% resorcinol every 12‐h response at 16 weeks. Those individuals with mild‐to‐moderate hidradenitis suppurativa (Hurley I–II) who started treatment with topical resorcinol monotherapy between April 2019 and May 2020 were eligible for follow‐up. The primary endpoint for effectiveness was the proportion of patients who achieved an overall clinical response (complete or partial response) at week 16, evaluated as intention‐to‐treat. Responses were measured according to the Hidradenitis Suppurativa Clinical Response index. Target lesion size was measured clinically and by ultrasonography. Quality of life was assessed through the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) questionnaire. Safety was measured by recording the adverse events reported during the follow‐up period. A total of 32 patients were enrolled (mean age, 40.1 years [95% confidence interval, 35.7–44.4]; women, 20 [62.5%]; Hurley I, 17 [53.1%]). Under the intention‐to‐treat analysis, 68.8% (n = 22) of the patients achieved a clinical response. A ≥50% reduction in the size of the main lesion was observed in 56.3% of the patients (n = 18). Some 65.6% (n = 21) of the patients had a ≥50% reduction (improvement) in their baseline DLQI score. Fifty percent of patients who completed the follow‐up period experienced adverse events, all of which were local, mild, and transient and did not lead to discontinuation of resorcinol. To conclude, in this cohort study, topical 15% resorcinol was shown to be effective for mild‐to‐moderate hidradenitis suppurativa and to have a positive impact on quality of life with an acceptable safety profile.
Separation of overlapping fingerprints by principal component analysis and multivariate curve resolution–alternating least squares analysis of hyperspectral imaging data
Authors: Akiba Norimitsu , Nakamura Atsushi , Sota Takayuki , Hibino Kazuhito , Kakuda Hidetoshi , Aalders Maurice C.G. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOverlapping fingerprints are often found at crime scenes, but only individual fingerprints separated from each other are admissible as evidence in court. Fingerprint components differ slightly among individuals, and thus their fluorescence spectra also differ from each other. Therefore, the separation of overlapping fingerprints using the difference of the fluorescence spectrum was performed with a hyperspectral imager. Hyperspectral data (HSD) of overlapping fingerprints were recorded under UV LED excitation. Principal component analysis (PCA) and multivariate curve resolution—alternating least squares (MCR–ALS) were applied to the HSD to determine the optimal method for obtaining high‐contrast images of individual fingerprints. The results suggested that MCR–ALS combined with PCA‐based initialization is capable of separating overlapping fingerprints into individual fingerprints. In this study, a method for separating overlapping fingerprints without initial parameters was proposed.
Visual behavior patterns of successful decision makers in crime scene photo investigation: An eye tracking analysis
Authors: Chang Rong‐Chi , Tsai Meng‐Jung 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCrime scene investigation serves as an important source of information for law enforcement officers when running a case. Effective leads are uncovered based on the knowledge, technique, and experience of the crime scene investigator. This study utilized eye‐tracking technology to understand different decision makers'visual behaviors and decision‐making process when studying a crime scene picture. A total of 42 college students majored in crime investigation were recruited as the subjects of the study. Eye movement data were collected and analyzed using t‐test and ANOVA on eye‐tracking measures of areas of interest (AOI) for visual attention distributions as well as lag sequence analysis (LSA), heat map, and scan path observations for visual transfer patterns. The results showed that participants who made the correct decision were faster in identifying the key target. Regardless of whether they made the correct decision or not, their visual attention was fixated on the answer option of their choosing. Additionally, the subjects’ attention must be shifted to the key target in order to make the correct decision. This study successfully applied the eye‐tracking method to explore the investigation and decision‐making process of inspecting a crime scene picture. Future studies can apply the eye‐tracking method to deeply understand the process of information processing in investigating criminal scene pictures and provide more suggestions for professional training curriculum and instruction.
Penile calciphylaxis in patients with end‐stage kidney disease undergoing dialysis: Invasive treatment and pain management
Authors: Kawai Yusuke , Banshodani Masataka , Moriishi Misaki , Shizukawa Hiroko , Sato Tomoyasu , Shintaku Sadanori , Masaki Takao , Kawanishi Hideki 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionPenile calciphylaxis is rarely reported in dialysis patients.MethodsWe experienced cases of dialysis patients who had penile calciphylaxis between 2003 and 2020.ResultsSeven patients undergoing dialysis were treated for penile necrosis (hemodialysis [HD], 5; peritoneal dialysis [PD], 1; hybrid therapy comprising PD and HD, 1). Their mean age was 62.8 years and their mean dialysis vintage 116.1 months. All had severe penile pain and were clinically diagnosed with calciphylaxis. Four received partial penectomy and three received percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) due to rapid aggravation. The number of analgesia types and the critical‐care pain observation tool score significantly decreased after invasive treatment (both, p = 0.008). The 90‐day and 1‐year survival rates after onset were 85.7% and 57.1%, respectively.ConclusionIn dialysis patients, penile calciphylaxis has poor prognosis; however, invasive treatments for pain management are effective. PTA may be beneficial in dialysis patients in poor condition.
Placenta accreta spectrum: We can do better
Authors: Silveira Cheryl , Kirby Adrienne , Melov Sarah J. , Nayyar Roshini 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundPlacenta accreta spectrum (PAS) has a high risk of maternal morbidity, and requires meticulous antenatal and peripartum management.AimsTo compare the management and outcomes of PAS between women with and without antenatally suspected disease, and to evaluate the effect of multidisciplinary team (MDT) management.Materials and methodsA retrospective cohort study identified all hysterectomy specimens with a histopathological diagnosis of PAS in the Western Sydney Local Health District between January 2006 and December 2019, and analysed each patient’s clinical course.ResultsSeventy patients had PAS diagnosed on hysterectomy specimens, of which 38 cases (54%) were antenatally suspected. Women with suspected PAS were more likely to have a previous caesarean section (100% vs 68%, P < 0.001), placenta praevia (92% vs 56%, P < 0.001) and anterior placenta (95% vs 66%. P = 0.011). Suspected PAS was associated with less maternal blood loss (median blood loss 2000 mL vs 4000 mL, P < 0.001), fewer red blood cell transfusions (median four units vs nine units, P < 0.001), and shorter intensive care or high dependency unit admission (mean stay one day vs three days, P = 0.037). There were no significant differences in other maternal morbidities. MDT management was associated with a clinically significant reduction in maternal blood loss (1500 mL vs 2520 mL, P = 0.09) and red blood cell transfusion (one unit vs six units, P = 0.04). The mean gestation of delivery was 37 weeks in both groups with no differences in neonatal morbidity.ConclusionsBoth antenatally diagnosed PAS and MDT management reduced blood loss and blood transfusion. Elective delivery at 37 weeks gestation reduces the neonatal risks of preterm delivery.
Trajectories of early childhood family instability and the development of externalizing behaviors from middle childhood to adolescence: A prospective study of at‐risk families
Authors: Womack Sean R. , Wilson Melvin N. , Tong Xin , Lemery‐Chalfant Kathryn , Shaw Daniel S. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study examined associations between trajectories of family instability across early childhood and trajectories of externalizing behaviors from middle childhood to adolescence. Growth mixture models were fit to annual caregiver reports of instability from child ages 2–5 (N = 731; 49% girls, 50% White). A curve of factors model was fit to externalizing behaviors from child ages 7.5–14. Chronic, elevated instability across early childhood predicted elevated externalizing behaviors from middle childhood to adolescence. Data collection spanned from 2002 to 2017. Increasing or declining levels of instability predicted elevated externalizing behaviors in middle to late childhood, but not in adolescence. Caregiver depressive symptoms mediated the association between instability and the externalizing behavior intercept. Intervening on chronic instability may reduce child externalizing problems.
A rare cutaneous tumour
Authors: Seine A. J. , Aronson A. , Tallon B. , Mortimer N. J. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A clinicopathological correlation case of a rare cutaneous tumour, which demonstrated a very rare recurrence with uncertainty remaining over the long-term prognosis for the patient.
Click https://www.wileyhealthlearning.com/#/online-courses/a975ab43-2d48-46fb-8dba-7df9792fd778 for the corresponding questions to this CME article.
Designing and validation of a workplace abuse questionnaire among child labour
Authors: Mohaqeqi Kamal Seyed Hossein , Jalili Moayad Saeedeh , Sajjadi Homeira , Vameghi Meroe , Ghaedamini Harouni Gholamreza , Mohammadi Gharehghani Mohammad Ali , Ahmadi Sina 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDespite the efforts of formal and informal institutions to manage child labour, current policies have not led to the realization of goals in this area. This study aimed to design and validate a workplace abuse questionnaire among the child labourers (WAQCL). The sample for the study was 250 Iranian child labourers, living in Tehran. The WAQCL investigated four factors (neglect, psychological, physical and sexual abuse) and consisted of 23 items. The questionnaire was found to have good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha ≥0.8) and good content validity (0.932). The instrument can help to assess workplace abuse in health care practice.
Efficacy and safety of high‐dose glucagon‐like peptide‐1, glucagon‐like peptide‐1/glucose‐dependent insulinotropic peptide, and glucagon‐like peptide‐1/glucagon receptor agonists in type 2 diabetes
Authors: De Block Christophe E. M. , Dirinck Eveline , Verhaegen Ann , Van Gaal Luc F. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGlucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1 RAs) have become agents of choice for people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) with established cardiovascular disease or in high‐risk individuals. With currently available GLP‐1 RAs, 51%‐79% of subjects achieve an HbA1c target of less than 7.0% and 4%‐27% lose 10% of body weight, illustrating the need for more potent agents. Three databases (PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science) were searched using the MESH terms ‘glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist’, ‘glucagon receptor agonist’, ‘glucose‐dependent insulinotropic peptide’, ‘dual or co‐agonist’, and ‘tirzepatide’. Quality of papers was scored using PRISMA guidelines. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane assessment tool. An HbA1c target of less than 7.0% was attained by up to 80% with high‐dose GLP‐1 RAs and up to 97% with tirzepatide, with even up to 62% of people with T2D reaching an HbA1c of less than 5.7%. A body weight loss of 10% or greater was obtained by up to 50% and up to 69% with high‐dose GLP‐1 RAs or tirzepatide, respectively. The glucose‐ and weight‐lowering effects of the GLP‐1/glucagon RA cotadutide equal those of liraglutide 1.8 mg. Gastrointestinal side effects of high‐dose GLP‐1 RAs and co‐agonists occurred in 30%‐70% of patients, mostly arising within the first 2 weeks of the first dose, being mild or moderate in severity, and transient. The development of high‐dose GLP‐1 RAs and the dual GLP‐1/glucose‐dependent insulinotropic peptide RA tirzepatide resulted in increasing numbers of people reaching HbA1c and body weight targets, with up to 62% attaining normoglycaemia with 15‐mg tirzepatide. Whether this will also translate to better cardiovascular outcomes and affect treatment guidelines remains to be studied.
Common functional connectivity alterations in focal epilepsies identified by machine learning
Authors: Gholipour Taha , You Xiaozhen , Stufflebeam Steven M. , Loew Murray , Koubeissi Mohamad Z. , Morgan Victoria L. , Gaillard William D. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study was undertaken to identify shared functional network characteristics among focal epilepsies of different etiologies, to distinguish epilepsy patients from controls, and to lateralize seizure focus using functional connectivity (FC) measures derived from resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).MethodsData were taken from 103 adult and 65 pediatric focal epilepsy patients (with or without lesion on MRI) and 109 controls across four epilepsy centers. We used three whole‐brain FC measures: parcelwise connectivity matrix, mean FC, and degree of FC. We trained support vector machine models with fivefold cross‐validation (1) to distinguish patients from controls and (2) to lateralize the hemisphere of seizure onset in patients. We reported the regions and connections with the highest importance from each model as the common FC differences between the compared groups.ResultsFC measures related to the default mode and limbic networks had higher importance relative to other networks for distinguishing epilepsy patients from controls. In lateralization models, regions related to somatosensory, visual, default mode, and basal ganglia showed higher importance. The epilepsy versus control classification model trained using a 400‐parcel connectivity matrix achieved a median testing accuracy of 75.6% (median area under the curve [AUC] = .83) in repeated independent testing. Lateralization accuracy using the 400‐parcel connectivity matrix reached a median accuracy of 64.0% (median AUC = .69).SignificanceMachine learning models revealed common FC alterations in a heterogeneous group of patients with focal epilepsies. The distribution of the most altered regions supports the hypothesis that shared functional alteration exists beyond the seizure onset zone and its epileptic network. We showed that FC measures can distinguish patients from controls, and further lateralize focal epilepsies. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings by using larger numbers of epilepsy patients.
Optimization of application schedule of camphecene, a novel anti‐influenza compound, based on its pharmacokinetic characteristics
Authors: Zarubaev Vladimir V. , Garshinina Angelica V. , Volobueva Alexandrina S. , Slita Alexander V. , Yarovaya Olga I. , Bykov Vladimir V. , Leonov Klim A. , Motov Valery S. , Khazanov Veniamin A. , Salakhutdinov Nariman F. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDue to high variability and rapid life cycle, influenza virus is able to develop drug resistance against direct‐acting antivirals. Development of novel virus‐in113039hibiting drugs is therefore important goal. Previously, we identified camphor derivative, camphecene, as an effective anti‐influenza compound. In the present study, we optimize the regimen of its application to avoid high sub‐toxic concentrations. The protective activity of camphecene was assessed on the model of lethal pneumonia of mice caused by influenza viruses. Camphecene was administered either once a day or four times a day, alone or in combination with Tamiflu. Mortality and viral titer in the lungs were studied. Pharmacokinetics of camphecene was studied in rabbits. We have demonstrated that camphecene, being used every 6 h at a dose of 7.5 mg/kg/day, results in antiviral effect that was statistically equal to the effect of 100 mg/kg/day once a day, that is, the same effect was achieved by 13 times lower daily dose of the drug. This effect was manifested in decrease of mortality and decrease of virus' titer in the lungs. The studies of pharmacokinetics of camphecene have demonstrated that it does not accumulate in blood plasma and that its m ultiple applications with dosage interval of 65 min are safe. In addition, the results of the study demonstrate also that camphecene possesses additive effect with Tamiflu, allowing to decrease the dose of the latter. The results suggest that due to safety and efficacy, camphecene can be further developed as potential anti‐influenza remedy.
Contributing Areas to Domestic Wells in Dipping Sedimentary Rocks under Extreme Recharge Events
Authors: Tiedeman Claire R. , Shapiro Allen M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe use particle tracking to determine contributing areas (CAs) to wells for transient flow models that simulate cyclic domestic pumping and extreme recharge events in a small synthetic watershed underlain by dipping sedimentary rocks. The CAs consist of strike‐oriented bands at locations where the water table intersects high‐hydraulic conductivity beds, and from which groundwater flows to the pumping well. Factors that affect the size and location of the CAs include topographic flow directions, rock dip direction, cross‐bed fracture density, and position of the well relative to streams. For an effective fracture porosity (ne) of 10−4, the fastest advective travel times from CAs to wells are only a few hours. These results indicate that wells in this type of geologic setting can be highly vulnerable to contaminants or pathogens flushed into the subsurface during extreme recharge events. Increasing ne to 10−3 results in modestly smaller CAs and delayed well vulnerability due to slower travel times. CAs determined for steady‐state models of the same setting, but with long‐term average recharge and pumping rates, are smaller than CAs in the models with extreme recharge. Also, the earliest‐arriving particles arrive at the wells later in the steady‐state models than in the extreme‐recharge models. The results highlight the importance of characterizing geologic structure, simulating plausible effective porosities, and simulating pumping and recharge transience when determining CAs in fractured rock aquifers to assess well vulnerability under extreme precipitation events.
From pastures to forests: Changes in Mediterranean wild bee communities after rural land abandonment
Authors: Penado Andreia , Rebelo Hugo , Goulson Dave , Wood Thomas J. , Porto Miguel , Rotheray Ellen L. , Beja Pedro 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In farmland landscapes worldwide, there are pervasive trends for either intensification or abandonment. Intensification is a widely recognised driver of wild bee declines, but little is known about the consequences of land abandonment, though it involves major habitat shifts from fallows, pastures and meadows, to shrublands and forests.
Focusing on a Mediterranean landscape, we investigated long‐term changes in wild bee communities during secondary vegetation succession after land abandonment. We used a space‐for‐time substitution approach, sampling plants and wild bees on five successional stages, from grasslands, through shrublands, to oak woodlands.
We recorded 2721 bees, representing over 150 species. Grasslands had the highest wild bee abundance and high diversity of oligolectic species. Moving through successional stages, there was a rapid decline in bee abundance combined with a progressive accumulation of rare species, resulting in maximum diversity of the overall community, ground nesters, polyleges, and oligoleges in oak woodlands. Bee diversity was positively related to plant taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity. There was high turnover in community composition along the succession, with species occurring in grasslands being largely absent from later successional stages, and vice versa. From 21 indicator species, 17 were associated with grasslands, including the only threatened species.
Our results suggest that a mosaic of habitats at different successional stages, particularly grasslands and oak woodlands, are necessary to maximise the diversity and abundance of wild bees at the landscape scale. Sustained management is thus needed under land abandonment to retain early‐successional herbaceous habitats and to ensure woodland regeneration and protection.
Preparation of façade panels based on alkali‐activated waste mineral wool, their characterization, and durability aspects
Authors: Pavlin Majda , Horvat Barbara , Ducman Vilma 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMineral wool is a widely used insulation material and one of the largest components of construction and demolition waste, yet it mainly ends up in landfills. In this work, we explored the potential recycling of waste stone wool in the pilot production of alkali‐activated façade panels. The current work shows mechanical properties, SEM‐EDS, and mercury intrusion porosimetry analyses for three different mix designs used for the preparation of façade panels. They are all composed of waste stone wool and differ in the amount of co‐binders (local slag, lime, metakaolin, and/or fly ash) selected by the preliminary studies. In this study, co‐binders were added to increase early strength and improve the mechanical properties and freeze–thaw resistance. The mechanical properties of each were measured up to 256 days, different durability tests were executed, and, by evaluating the mechanical properties, microstructure, and workability of the mortar, the most suitable mix was selected to be used for the pilot production. In addition, the leaching test of the selected mixture showed no exceeded toxic trace elements and therefore got classified as non‐hazardous waste after its use.
Validation of International Classification of Diseases criteria to identify severe influenza hospitalizations
Authors: Snyder Brittney M. , Patterson Megan F. , Gebretsadik Tebeb , Wu Pingsheng , Ding Tan , Lee Rees L. , Edwards Kathryn M. , Somerville Lindsay A. , Braciale Thomas J. , Ortiz Justin R. , Hartert Tina V. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this cohort study of hospitalized patients with linked medical record data, we developed International Classification of Diseases (ICD) criteria that accurately identified laboratory‐confirmed, severe influenza hospitalizations (positive predictive value [PPV] 80%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 71–87%), which we validated through medical record documentation. These criteria identify patients with clinically important influenza illness outcomes to inform evaluation of preventive and therapeutic interventions and public health policy recommendations.