bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dysphagia and Quality of Life, Participation, and Inclusion Experiences and Outcomes for Adults and Children With Dysphagia: A Scoping Review
Authors: Smith Rebecca , Bryant Lucy , Hemsley Bronwyn 
Published: January 2022

Purpose:
Research shows that dysphagia impacts quality of life negatively, but the nature of these impacts is not well understood. This review article aims to examine the impacts of dysphagia and its interventions on mealtime-related quality of life, participation, and inclusion for people with dysphagia.

Method:
The protocol for this scoping review was published in July 2019 and involved a search of five scientific databases using dysphagia and quality of life–related terms.

Results:

In total, 106 studies were included in this review article. A qualitative metasynthesis demonstrated that dysphagia had various negative impacts on quality of life, particularly in populations with severe dysphagia. Dysphagia interventions had a range of positive impacts on quality of life; however, modifying food texture also had negative impacts. Most studies (
n
= 95) included adults with acquired dysphagia. Only seven studies included people with lifelong conditions, including cerebral palsy or intellectual disability, and only four studies included children. Almost half of the studies (
n
= 44) used quantitative instruments, including the Swallowing Quality of Life questionnaire or the Eating Assessment Tool, to measure the impact of dysphagia on quality of life, and few studies used qualitative approaches.

Conclusions:
There are both positive and negative impacts of dysphagia and dysphagia-related interventions on quality of life, participation, and inclusion. Most research is quantitative and limited to adults with acquired dysphagia. Qualitative and longitudinal studies that include populations with lifelong disability and children are needed to determine how dysphagia and its interventions impact quality of life across conditions and over the life span.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.18862292
Physical layer authentication for 5G/6G millimeter wave communications by using channel sparsity
Authors: Tang Jie , Wen Hong , Song Huanhuan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a comprehensive study for the physical layer channel based authentication (PLA) designs in mmWave communications, which reveals the principles that how does the sparse properties of mmWave channel can benefit the PLA designs and performance. First, by fully investigating the channel perturbations of mmWave channel caused by the environmental changes within the channel coherence time, the generalized detection designs are investigated for mmWave channels. In general, it shows that the mmWave channel perturbations will seriously degrade the detection performance. To solve this problem, a lightweight but effective PLA scheme is proposed by fully utilizing the sparsity of mmWave channel. The key physical factors that impact the detection performance are fully investigated by conducting thoroughly theoretical analysis and simulations, and the detection spoofing probability of the scheme is show to be higher than 95%, while keeping the probability of false rate below 1%. The study indicates that channel sparsity is with great potential to design lightweight but effective PLA mechanisms for the future mmWave communication systems.
A high‐performance insulators location scheme based on YOLOv4 deep learning network with GDIoU loss function
Authors: Ma Bin , Fu Yongkang , Wang Chunpeng , Li Jian , Wang Yuli 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a Gaussian Distance Intersection over Union (GDIoU) loss function‐based YOLOv4 deep learning network to solve the problem of slow speed and low accuracy insulator location in power facilities health inspection. In the scheme, A GDIoU loss function is designed to accelerate the convergence speed of the YOLOv4 deep learning network; at the same time, the GDIoU loss is added as one part of the network propagation loss, and the insulator's location accuracy is accordingly improved. Moreover, a re‐location scheme for tilt insulators correction is proposed to enhance the location accuracy of the insulators in different spatial angle states. Large amounts of field insulator images were gathered as training and testing samples to evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme. The experimental results have demonstrated that the GDIoU‐based YOLOv4 deep learning network combined with the tilt correction scheme can improve the insulator location speed by three times compared with the peer schemes, and the average precision is increased by 7.37% compared with the naive YOLOv4 network. The performance of the proposed scheme meets the requirement of online insulator location adequately.
Stage-Oriented CT Classification and Intermodal Evolution Model in Hepatic Alveolar Echinococcosis
Authors: Graeter Tilmann , Schmidberger Julian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAlveolar echinococcosis (AE) is one of the most dangerous human parasitoses. The main site of disease manifestation is the liver (about 98 %). The Echinococcus Multilocularis Ulm Classification for Computed Tomography (EMUC-CT), presented in 2016, was the first compilation of CT morphological criteria of hepatic AE. Studies based on EMUC-CT made it possible to draw conclusions about the development of the lesions in the course of disease beyond purely diagnostic typing. Among the most important findings of these precursor studies was that EMUC-CT type IV presented as an initial lesion, whereas EMUC-CT type III lesions were mostly associated with an advanced disease constellation. An intermodal view of image morphological criteria provides further multi-layered indications for lesion evolution.With the “Alveolar Echinococcosis Ulm Classification” (AEUC), a revision of the previous EMUC-CT was carried out with stage-oriented reorganization of the primary morphologies. Furthermore, an intermodal classification scheme for the evolution of hepatic AE lesions based on AEUC, MRI Kodama classification, and aspects of ultrasound could be outlined.The first stage-oriented CT classification of hepatic AE “AEUC” is based with respect to its lesion characterization on the separate consideration of two classification pillars, the five “primary morphologies”, AEUC I–V (AEUC II–IV with subcriteria) and the five “patterns of calcification”. In addition, an intermodal classification scheme presents five stages of lesion evolution: “initial stage”, “progressive stage”, “advanced stage”, “transitional stage” and “regressive stage”.The imaging modalities differ with respect to their visualization of lesion criteria. This underlines the need for unimodal classification systems. Staging of an AE lesion can be done more accurately by evaluating different modalities.
Classic Psychedelic Drugs: Update on Biological
Mechanisms
Authors: Vollenweider Franz X. , Smallridge John W. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRenewed interest in the effects of psychedelics in the treatment of psychiatric
disorders warrants a better understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms
underlying the effects of these substances. During the past two decades,
state-of-the-art studies of animals and humans have yielded new important
insights into the molecular, cellular, and systems-level actions of psychedelic
drugs. These efforts have revealed that psychedelics affect primarily
serotonergic receptor subtypes located in cortico-thalamic and cortico-cortical
feedback circuits of information processing. Psychedelic drugs modulate
excitatory-inhibitory balance in these circuits and can participate in
neuroplasticity within brain structures critical for the integration of
information relevant to sensation, cognition, emotions, and the narrative of
self. Neuroimaging studies showed that characteristic dimensions of the
psychedelic experience obtained through subjective questionnaires as well as
alterations in self-referential processing and emotion regulation obtained
through neuropsychological tasks are associated with distinct changes in brain
activity and connectivity patterns at multiple-system levels. These recent
results suggest that changes in self-experience, emotional processing, and
social cognition may contribute to the potential therapeutic effects of
psychedelics.
Synthesis of Novel Pyrazine-Substituted 1H-Pyrrole-2-carboxamides and Related Tethered Heterocycles
Authors: Howells Rachel L. , Lamont Scott G. , McGuire Thomas M. , Hughes Samantha , Borrows Rachel , Fairley Gary , Feron Lyman J. L. , Greenwood Ryan D. R. , Lenz Eva , Grant Emma , Simpson Iain 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAs part of a drug discovery program, 4-pyrazin-2-yl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamides were accessed along with a number of bicyclic analogues. Routes to these compounds were largely absent from the scientific literature. The synthesis of a 4-(pyrazin-2-yl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide and several fused bicyclic analogues all using standard procedures (SNAr, borylation, C–C cross couplings, hydrolysis, amide bond formation, cyclisation, halogenation, and alkylation) from readily available starting materials is reported. The synthetic sequences range from 4–12 steps per final compound, with yields of isolated intermediates ranging from 20 to ∼100%.
The Ototoxicity of Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine: A Systematic Review
Authors: Fernandes Carolina Pereira , Vernier Luíza Silva , Dallegrave Eliane , Machado Márcia Salgado 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are antimalarial drugs widely used in the treatment of rheumatic diseases. With the global pandemic caused by the new coronavirus, there was an increase in the prescription of these drugs, which led to a major concern regarding their ototoxic effects.
Objectives The objective of the present study was to assess existing scientific evidence about the toxic effects of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine on the peripheral and/or central auditory system.
Data Synthesis A systematic literature review was performed by searching the PubMed (Medline), Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, and SciELO electronic databases, in a search of articles that fullfiled the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The review was conducted in three phases and, in all of them, analyses were performed by two independent researchers. Disagreements were discussed with a third researcher until a consensus was reached. A total of 437 articles were found and 8 were included in this review. Seven of the included studies reported hearing loss in their samples and presented a diagnostic hypothesis of ototoxicity induced by chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine. The most common type of hearing loss was sensorineural, with varying laterality and degrees of severity. The most frequently used audiological test was pure tone audiometry, and only two studies assessed brainstem evoked responses.
Conclusion The scientific evidence compiled in this research showed that chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine have an ototoxic effect in the peripheral auditory system. These drugs can cause cochlear damage, including changes in the stria vascularis and lesions in sensory hair cells.
Safety for the Rhinologist in the Age of COVID-19: Mask Use, Nasal Corticosteroids, Saline Irrigation, and Endoscopic Procedures – Literature Review
Authors: Kosugi Eduardo Macoto , Villa Jonatas Figueiredo , Ramos Henrique Faria , Luz-Matsumoto Gabriela Ricci , Serrano Thiago Luis Infanger , Campos Carlos Augusto Correia de , Barreto Carolina Cincurá , Lima Clara Mônica , Fornazieri Marco Aurélio , Piltcher Otavio , Lessa Marcus Miranda , Romano Fabrizio Ricci 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has claimed millions of lives. Adequate protection of the professionals involved in patient care is essential in the battle against this disease. However, there is much uncertainty involving safety-relarted topics that are of particular interest to the rhinologist in the context of COVID-19.
Objective To evaluate the current evidence regarding three safety-related topics: mask and respirator use, performance of nasal endoscopic procedures, and use of topical nasal and intranasal medications (saline irrigation and nasal corticosteroids).
Methods A literature review was performed on the PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases, with standardized search queries for each of the three topics of interest.
Results In total, 13 articles on mask use, 6 articles on the safety of nasal corticosteroids, 6 articles on the safety of nasal endoscopic procedures, and 1 article on nasal irrigation with saline solution were included in the final analysis.
Conclusion N95 respirators are essential for the adequate protection of otolaryngologists. If reuse is necessary, physical methods of sterilization must be employed. No evidence was found to contraindicate the use of nasal corticosteroids, whether acute (in the management of sinonasal inflammatory conditions) or continued (in patients who use them chronically). Nasal irrigation with saline solution apparently does not increase the risk in the context of COVID-19. Nasal endoscopic procedures should only be performed after testing the patient for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and the surgical team must wear full personal protective equipment to prevent aerosol exposure.
Creating value through autonomous shipping: an ecosystem perspective
Authors: Tsvetkova Anastasia , Hellström Magnus 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe expected benefits of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) include increased safety, reduced costs and increased earning potential due to operational efficiencies and reduction in vessel manning. However, autonomous shipping enabled by such ships bears a greater potential than just replacing humans with machines. Rather, MASS can play a role in transforming supply and logistics chains. The value creation potential of these ships depends on the degree to which they disrupt logistics. Our aim here is to clarify how MASS create value and for whom, as well as how different actors in the maritime logistics ecosystem are able to monetize or otherwise benefit from the innovation. Based on interviews with experts in maritime logistics and autonomous technology, and a desktop study of the opinions of the leaders in maritime innovation, we analyse the different facets of value creation by MASS. We distinguish between the two key sources of value – onboard crew reduction and increased ship intelligence and their effects (cost reductions, earning potential, increased safety and system value) – and explicate for which actors in the ecosystem the value is created. We identify the key changes in the maritime logistics ecosystem, which concern the changing roles of technology providers, shipowners and operators, and we highlight the need for developing complementary infrastructure and activities in the ecosystem.
Soluble TREM2 inhibits secondary nucleation of Aβ fibrillization and enhances cellular uptake of fibrillar Aβ
Authors: Belsare Ketaki D. , Wu Haifan , Mondal Dibyendu , Bond Annalise , Castillo Erika , Jin Jia , Jo Hyunil , Roush Addison E. , Pilla Kala Bharath , Sali Andrej , Condello Carlo , DeGrado William F. 
Published: January 2022

Significance
Mutations in a microglial protein, TREM2, represents a risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We show that the soluble form of TREM2, sTREM2, can bind and inhibit fibrillization of Aβ peptides. sTREM2 increases uptake of Aβ fibrils into microglial and neuroglioma cell lines. Contrastingly, mutation R47H was found to have little effect on fibril nucleation and binding, but decreased uptake and functional responses. Our findings using integrative molecular modeling based on cross-linking mass spectrometry data for WT sTREM2–Aβ fibril complex demonstrate that TREM2 has at least two ligand-binding surfaces: one binding Aβ fibrils and the other anionic polyvalent ligands. R47H mutation lies on the latter surface. These findings inform mechanisms by which TREM2 modulates key processes in AD progression.
Sailing toIthaka
Authors: Serafis Dimitris , Kitis E. Dimitris , Assimakopoulos Stavros 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis paper examines the reasoning lines in PM Alexis Tsipras’ political discourse in critical moments of SYRIZA’s tenure as the ruling party in Greece. Adopting a CDS perspective, we zoom in on the patterns that underlie the (de)legitimization of the crisis-ridden EU in three seminal speeches by PM Tsipras during the Greek/EU financial crisis. To this end, we integrate systemic-functional and cognitive linguistic tools with a view to scrutinizing representational meaning, before turning to employ the notions ofendoxonandtopos/locusas a means of studying the particularargumentative inferences, triggered by the respective discursive representations. Through this lens, we show how the overall argumentation can be seen as supporting the (de-)legitimation of dominant EU austerity perspectives while transforming SYRIZA into a pro-austerity voice.
De/legitimising EUrope through the performance of crises
Authors: Forchtner Bernhard , Özvatan Özgür 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This article illuminates the far-right populist Alternative for Germany's (AfD) performances of delegitmisation vis-à-vis EUrope and
legitmisation of itself/the nation by articulating two paradigmatic, transnational crises: climate change and COVID-19. It asks: ‘how
does the far-right AfD perform these two crises to legitimise itself and delegitimize others?’ and ‘what similarities/differences
exist between the performance of these two crises in terms of topics, narrative (genres) and their linguistic realisations?’. To
explore AfD’s de/legitimisation efforts, written texts and videos by AfD representatives through which they intervene in
discourses about climate change in 2019 and COVID-19 in 2020 are analysed. The analysis identifies a two-dimensional process of
narrative delegitimization, vilifying national and backgrounding EUropean ‘others’, and illustrates that a
comic-romantic emplotment of ethno-national rebirth pre-configures the largely same topics and topoi. In so
doing, the article, furthermore, takes another step towards the conceptual integration of narrative (genre) into the
Discourse-Historical Approach in Critical Discourse Studies.
The delegitimisation of Europe in a pro-European country
Authors: Maccaferri Marzia , Newth George 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe European project has always played a pivotal role in Italy’s politics and Italian political discourse. The European Union (EU) represented the primary vehicle through which to regain international legitimacy. From this perspective, the intensification in the last few years of the Eurosceptic and populist discourse of Matteo Salvini’s Lega has marked a critical turning point. This article contributes to an understanding of such process from critical discursive and historical perspectives. Building on the concept of recontextualization as elaborated in CDS but also more generally appealing to conceptual history and Discourse-Historical Approach (DHA) frameworks, this study deconstructs the Lega’s Euroscepticism diachronically, interpreting populism as a key discursive element of the Lega’s Far Right ideology. We thus highlight how the Lega’s Eurosceptic discourse and the recontextualisation of the European legitimisation process present a dramatic change and seem highly indicative of a new ideological and extra-party cleavage of ‘sovereignism’.
Geometrical effects on luminescent dosimeter energy response
Authors: Benali A. , Medkour Ishak-Boushaki G. , Riffaud J. , Nourreddine A.-M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Luminescent dosimeters are widely used in medical
applications. For an optimal use of these dosimeters, comparative
studies of their characteristics, under clinical radiations, are
very useful.

The purpose of this study is to establish the effect of dosimeter
geometry on the luminescent dosimeter energy response for different
clinical radiation beams.

Monte Carlo simulations were used to calculate the energy response
of three kinds of non-commercialized luminescent dosimeters. The
dosimeters are: a) radiophotoluminescent glass dosimeter (RPLGD,
typeFD-7 glass), b) thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD, type
LiF:Mg,Ti) and c) optically stimulated dosimeter (OSLD, type
Al2O3:C).The studied dosimeters have cylindrical geometry
with a thickness of 2mm and diameters ranging from 1 to 13 mm. The
radiation beams were 70 kV X-ray beam, clinical photon beam of
15 MV and clinical electron beam of 9 MeV.

This study confirms a non-negligible effect on the dosimeter
geometry on its energy response for these beams.
Northward expansion of fire-adaptative vegetation in future warming
Authors: Liu Meng , Yang Linqing 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Fire frequency and intensity are increasing due to higher temperatures and more droughts. The distributions of fuels (vegetation in natural conditions) are also changing in response to climate change. The vegetation in cold environments such as high latitudes and high altitudes is found to move upward or northward due to global warming. However, few studies have investigated the distribution changes of fire adaptive species in warm environments. This study estimated and compared the distributions of a typical fuelwood, the Eucalyptus globulus, under different climate scenarios. The species distribution modeling techniques were adopted to estimate the current distributions of the Eucalyptus globulus and the future distributions under scenarios of both SSP245 and SSP585 in 2060. Results show that the probability of the existence of the Eucalyptus globulus in the Northern Hemisphere increases significantly (p < 0.001) under both SSP245 and SSP585, especially in North America and Europe. However, the probability in the Southern Hemisphere decreases. The distribution of the Eucalyptus globulus expands in the mid-latitude (40 N–60 N) of the Northern Hemisphere. High carbon emissions contribute to the boost of the establishment of the Eucalyptus globulus in the Northern Hemisphere. These findings demonstrate that the fire adaptive species shows the tendency of shifting northward in response to climate change, highlighting the challenge of northward expansion of fires in future warming.
Rapid restratification of the ocean surface boundary layer during the suppressed phase of the MJO in austral spring
Authors: Hsu Je-Yuan , Feng Ming , Wijffels Susan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Rapid restratification of the ocean surface boundary layer in the Indonesian-Australian Basin was captured in austral spring 2018, under the conditions of low wind speed and clear sky during the suppressed phase of Madden–Julian Oscillations (MJOs). Despite sunny days, strong diurnal variations of sea surface temperature (SST) were not observed until the wind speed became extremely low, because the decreasing wind speed modulated the latent heat flux. Combined with the horizontal advection of ocean current, the reduced upward heat loss inhibited the nighttime convective mixing and facilitated the restratification of the subsurface ocean layers. The surface mixed layer was thus shoaled up to 40 m in two days. The restratified upper ocean then sustained high SSTs by trapping heat near the sea surface until the onset of the MJO convection. This restratification process might be initialized under the atmospheric downwelling conditions during the suppressed phase of MJOs. The resulted high SSTs may affect the development and trajectories of MJOs, by enhancing air-sea heat and moisture fluxes as the winds pick up. Simulating this detailed interaction between the near-surface ocean and atmospheric features of MJOs remains a challenge, but with sufficient vertical resolution and realistic initial conditions, several features of the observations can be well captured.