bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of dilution with glucose and prolonged injection time on dexamethasone-induced perineal irritation – A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhang Yonghai , Liang Hong , Huang Liwei , Zheng Junwei , Chen Yi , Li Bin , Yang Fan , Yu Jingfang , Ma Hanxiang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Dexamethasone can be used to prevent nausea and vomiting after surgery, but there is concern that it may induced perineal irritation. The aim of this study was to investigate the attenuation effect of dilution and slow injection on dexamethasone-induced perineal irritation. In this prospective, randomized, double-blind study, a total of 400 patients were enrolled and allocated into four groups: Group I, receiving 2 mL dexamethasone (5 mg/mL), Group II, receiving 5 mL dexamethasone (2 mg/mL), Group III, receiving 10 mL dexamethasone (1 mg/mL), and Group IV receiving 20 mL dexamethasone (0.5 mg/mL). Dexamethasone was diluted with 5% glucose. The injection time of dexamethasone was less than 2 s in Group I, while it was 30 s in Groups II, III, and IV. The incidence, onset, duration, and severity of perineal irritation were recorded. The incidence of dexamethasone-induced perineal irritation was 49, 33, 17, and 15% in Groups I, II, III, and IV, respectively. Group IV had less severity than Group I in mild and moderate perineal irritation (P < 0.008). The onset and duration of perineal irritation of Groups II, III, and IV were significantly improved compared to Group I (P < 0.001). Dexamethasone-induced perineal irritation can be alleviated by dilution of dexamethasone to 0.5 mg/mL with 5% glucose combined with prolonged injection time of 30 s.
Synthesis and structural characterization of a novel lead dinuclear complex: [Pb(L)(I)(sba)0.5]2
Authors: Wang Xiuyan , Li Ziru , Wang Jie , Zhao Lina 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A new two-dimensional (2D) metal–organic complex, [Pb(L)(I)(sba)0.5]2 (1, L = 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline, H2sba = suberic acid), was synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. The single-crystal X-ray analysis indicates that the asymmetric unit of complex 1 has a distorted [:PbIN2O2] octahedral geometry. It is further extended by two π–π stacking interactions and N–H⋯O hydrogen bonding to form and stabilize 2D supramolecular layer.
“Buoyantly, nippily, testily” – Remarks on translating manner adverbs into Romanian
Authors: Protopopescu Daria 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAdverbs are a very heterogeneous class that raise a lot of problems not only for their syntactic and semantic interpretation but also for their translation. The current analysis draws on previous formal work on manner adverbs as a very heterogeneous class that exhibits different interpretations with respect to their context of occurrence and their position in the clause. Our current discussion of manner adverbs aims at investigating the different strategies employed by the Romanian translator in rendering the variety of manner adverbs occurring in the translation of P.G. Wodehouse’s “Right ho, Jeeves.” Because English is an adverbial language while Romanian appears to be partly adverbial, it will be interesting to see how the Romanian translator fares in the endeavour of translating manner adverbs and if the predictions made in formal studies on manner adverbs are borne out by the data provided by translation.
“It’s Time for a Rent Strike”: COVID-19 Rent Strikes and the Absence of State Care
Authors: Valentine Riley 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCOVID-19 unemployed millions of Americans, many of whom already lacked the financial ability to withstand an economic crisis. Mid-quarantine, politicians began to grapple on what protections for renters would stay in place as the assistance bills came to an end. The COVID-19 rent crisis raised significant moral questions to the American populace – namely, that of the State’s responsibility to care for its citizens. This article examines rent strikes in the context of care ethics. Care ethics contends that our actions have moral weight. What we do matters. Rent strikes sit at the intersection of political practice and care ethics. This article contends that rent strikes provided care when the State did not, and that this lack of care highlights the need for solidarity.
Cocks on Dunghills – Wollstonecraft and Gouges on the Women’s Revolution
Authors: Bergès Sandrine , Coffee Alan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
While many historians and philosophers have sought to understand the ‘failure’ of the French Revolution to thrive and to avoid senseless violence, very few have referred to the works of two women philosophers who diagnosed the problems as they were happening. This essay looks at how Mary Wollstonecraft and Olympe de Gouges theorised the new tyranny that grew out of the French Revolution, that of ‘petty tyrants’ who found themselves like ‘cocks on a dunghill’ able to wield a new power over those less fortunate than themselves. Both offer diagnoses and prognoses that revolve around education. Wollstonecraft argues that a revolution that is not backed by a previous education of the people is bound to result in chaos and violence. Such education, however, must be slow, and it necessitates the reform of the institutions that most shape the public’s character. A revolution, perforce, is fast, and it often takes several years, or even generations before the spirit of the reforms finds itself implemented into new institutions. Olympe de Gouges shares Wollstonecraft’s worry and she observes that the men who were once dominated quickly become tyrants themselves unless their moral character is already virtuous. But the state of being dominated leaves little room for virtue; hence, newly minted citizens need to be educated in order not to replicate the reign of tyranny onto other. Gouges suggests that the answer to the difficulty she and Wollstonecraft highlighted was to educate the people where they could be found: on the streets, or, where they could easily and willingly be gathered: in theatres. By helping organise revolutionary festivals, highlighting the ways in which citizens could be virtuous, and writing plays to awaken their virtue, and proposing a reform of the theatre, so that the production of such plays would be possible, Gouges offered a plan for the civic education of French citizens in the immediate aftermaths of the Revolution. Unfortunately, the chaos she and Wollstonecraft had sought to remedy, led by the cocks or petty tyrants, ensured that they were unable to see through their plans, with Wollstonecraft having to leave Paris and Gouges being sent to the guillotine.
The association of anxiety and other clinical features with CACNA1C rs1006737 in patients with depression
Authors: Dam Henrik , Buch Jens O. D. , Nielsen Annelaura B. , Weikop Pia , Jørgensen Martin B. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe CACNA1C protein is aL-type calcium channel, which influence affective disorders.PurposeThe purpose of the present study was to examine the possible association between the different genotypes of rs100677 CACNA1C gene and anxiety and other clinical symptoms in patients with unipolar depression.Patients and controlsA total of 754 patients and 708 controls from the Danish Psychiatric Biobank participated.ResultsA significant correlation was found between anxiety and the A allele. It was further found that patients with the A allele more often were treated with electroconvulsive therapy and patients with the AA phenotype had the highest age.LimitationsThe only information about controls was their sex and that they were recruited from the blood bank. Two types of inclusion criteria were used. The clinical data were not complete for all patients.
Defining lightning-safe structures for all socio-economic communities
Authors: Gomes Chandima 
Published: September 2022

Four levels of lightning-safe structures are defined based on the protection expected from various lightning injury mechanisms under thunderstorm conditions. This work, therefore, provides clarification for the long-standing issue of determining the most suitable recommendation for lightning safety in various socio-economic layers of society, especially in underprivileged communities. These globally uniform and consistent guidelines will help standard development committees, lightning safety seekers and donors of protection systems, state policy developers on disaster management, the insurance sector and industries that provide lightning protection, in determining the most appropriate lightning safety measures for a given target, based on the safety requirements, societal behaviour and affordability. Significance: Lightning safety module developers could confidently adopt the definition of safe structures provided here in their guidelines. The ambiguity on both indigenous and commercial lightning safe structures (purpose made) is cleared. Standards could specify the essential features of a structure that can be considered lightning safe.
An atypical presentation of scrub typhus
Authors: Shetty Vishranth N. , Rao Gurukanth , B. Jayaprakash 
Published: September 2022

Scrub typhus is caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, characterised by focal or disseminated vasculitis and perivasculitis which may involve the lungs, heart, liver, spleen and central nervous system. The clinical picture and severity of the symptoms varies widely. The neurological manifestations of scrub typhus are diverse. Meningoencephalitis is classical manifestation of scrub typhus but cerebellitis, cranial nerve palsies, plexopathy, transverse myelitis, neuroleptic malignant syndrome and Guillain-Barre syndrome are other manifestations reported in literature. The availability of literature on the neurological manifestations of scrub typhus is limited to case reports mainly. This article shows a case report of neurological manifestations of scrub typhus.
Hematoma of the parotid cavity revealing Eagles syndrome: a case report
Authors: Faty Aliou , Balde Djibril , Zounon Alexis Arnaud Wilfrid Comlan Do Santos , Loum Birame , Tall Hady , Diallo Bay Karim 
Published: September 2022

<p>Eagle's syndrome is characterized by elongation of the styloid process or calcification of the stylohyoid ligament, which irritates and disturbs adjacent anatomical structures. Its symptomatology is polymorphic. However, neurovascular manifestations may exceptionally be noted. We report a case of incidental discovery during an exploration for spontaneous retro-mandibular hematoma. The patient was 70 years old, Parkinsonian, with a history of untreated and chronic right retro-mandibular pain. He was admitted to the emergency room for a spontaneous retro-mandibular hematoma. A cervical CT confirmed the hematoma and revealed bilateral styloid process hypertrophy measuring 4.7 cm on the right and 4.3 cm on the left. Eagle's syndrome is a rare disease with many clinical manifestations ranging from discomfort to severe complications. In this case, it was a spontaneous hematoma whose probable cause could be related to the long styloid process. It is important to remain attentive in cases of chronic neck pain. Any diagnostic doubt should be resolved by CT measurement of the styloid process.</p><p><strong> </strong></p>
Effect of Gallery Walk Learning Strategy on Clinical Performance of Audiology Students Compared to Traditional Learning Strategy
Authors: Taheri Fatemeh , Bayat Arash , Moradi Negin , Tavakoli Mojtaba , Delphi Maryam , Shomeil Shushtari Sahar , Amiri Marzieh 
Published: September 2022

Background and Aim: Gallery walk is an active learning strategy in form of discussion that enables students to be more active in learning process. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of this strategy on the clinical performance of audiology students.
Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 30 fourth-year undergraduate students in audiology participated. They were assigned into two groups of traditional learning and gallery walk. The educational content of both groups was similar and was related to the adult care clinical practicum. The assessments included Eustachian tube function test, site-of-lesion tests, and clinical masking. The clinical knowledge, and satisfaction level of students were compared before and after intervention.
Results: Before the intervention, the difference in clinical knowledge was not statistically significant between the two study groups (p>0.05). After the intervention, we observed a considerable improvement in knowledge scores in both groups, mostly in the gallery walk group. The mean scores of site-of-lesion tests, and total score of knowledge were also significantly higher in the gallery walk group (p<0.05). The satisfaction level of students was above the average level (mean score=3.9±0.74).
Conclusion: The gallery walk strategy has more positive effects on clinical practice of audiology students compared to traditional learning strategy.
Keywords: Gallery walk; clinical education; audiology; satisfaction
Updates on Optical Strategies of Myopia Control
Authors: Khorrami-Nejad Masoud , Gheibi Ali , Naghdi Taghi , Heirani Mohsen 
Published: September 2022

Myopia has become a pandemic disease in the past few years and its sight-threatening consequences associated with high myopia have been a challenging issue for most public health societies. Controlling myopia progression has also become a global concern for many people particularly, parents of myopic children. Accordingly, a large body of work has been devoted to considering different optical and non-optical methods to prevent or retard myopia progression. Different optical strategies such as sunder correction, monofocal spectacles or contact lenses, bifocal or progressive spectacle lenses, multifocal contact lenses, gas-permeable (GP) contact lenses, and orthokeratology (ortho-K) have been proposed to slow down the myopia progression. Although the effectiveness of these treatment strategies has been vastly studied, there are some debates concerning the most efficient method in controlling myopia progression. The present study reviewed the current optical therapies to control the progression of myopia. A literature review revealed that optical strategies, such as myopic under correction, monofocal spectacles or contact lenses, GP contact lenses, and bifocal and multifocal spectacle lenses did not provide a clinically significant reduction in myopia progression. In contrast, ortho-K and newly introduced multifocal soft contact lenses may significantly slow myopia progression.
Quantitative Changes in Gait Parameters after Cycling among Multiple Sclerosis Patients withAtaxia:APilot Study
Authors: Rahimibarghani Sarvenaz , Emami-Razavi Seyedeh Zahra , Moghadasi Abdorreza Naser , Azadvari Mohaddeseh , Shojaee Fard Mahya , Rahimi-Dehgolan Shahram 
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Cerebellar ataxia is a common symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS), particularly in progressive forms, where gait and balance problems are the most debilitating symptoms. Exercise training is a critical component of rehabilitation in managing equilibrium dysfunction, and stationary bicycling is a safe, feasible, and effective method to reduce the symptom. Clinical walking performance tests are typically used to assess gait in these patients. However, gait analysis technologies are more sensitive and accurate at detecting subtle and subclinical changes. The purpose of this study was to determine the changes in gait parameters in MS patients with ataxic gait after using a stationary bicycle.
Materials and Methods: Ten secondary progressive MS patients with ataxic gait and a mean expanded disability status scale (EDSS) of four were recruited. The participants cycled on a stationary bike. Gait analysis was performed before and after 12 sessions of cycling. It included spatiotemporal and balance parameter measurements.
Results: Gait analysis showed statistically significant changes in spatiotemporal parameters, including speed (P=0.02, r=-0.51), and stride length (P=0.01, r=-0.63). Of balance-related indices, the mediolateral (ML) center of pressure (COP) displacement, anterior and posterior COP overshoot, and COP velocity changes were statistically remarkable after the intervention respectively. (P=0.01, r=-0.63), (P=0.02, r=-0.51), (P=0.03, r=-0.49), (P=0.01, r=-0.54).
Conclusion: Gait analysis is applicable to track changes following rehabilitation in individuals with MS. The results indicate that using a stationary bicycle can improve some spatiotemporal and COP-related parameters.
World's First Installation of a Revolutionary Multi-Zone Stimulation Technique in Conglomerate Formation, Unlocking Reserves and Proving Significant Productivity Increase
Authors: Flikka Tore , Eek Arne , Solhaug Kristian , Jørgensen Thomas 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Fishbones’ Multilateral Stimulation Drilling Technology (MSDT) was installed for the first time in two conglomerate formation wells in the Edvard Grieg field in 2021. The field is located in the Central North Sea. The objective when installing MSDT is to increase productivity by enhancing well connectivity to the reservoir. This paper will discuss the development of the technology and its qualification, as well as installation preparation and results.
The MSDT was developed in a Joint Industry Project (2012-2015) and has been installed in sandstone reservoirs with good results. To optimize drilling in conglomerate formation, further drill bit development was required. Enhancements to the drilling needle design was also undertaken to cope with the abrasiveness of the specific drilling fluid. Following successful development programs (2018-2020), the MSDT system was installed in two infill wells. In total, 53 and 61 MSDT subs were deployed with the 5.5" liner creating 159 and 183 laterals, respectively. The MSDT was integrated with Inflow Control Device (ICD) screens and swellable packers to constitute the total completion in the reservoir.
Following the product development, full-scale testing programs and detailed well planning by allparties involved, the installations took place in Q2 2021. The MSDT ICD screen liners were deployed to Total Depth (TD) according to the plans. Pumping operations were executed to drill the MSDT laterals, with pressure responses indicating good extension of the needles.
The first infill well equipped with MSDT came on stream in June 2021 demonstrating excellent performance, and well productivity significantly greater than the pre-drill prognosis. The production from the second well commenced in December 2021, also delivering excellent productivity.
This paper will provide the details of the technology development and its limitations, reservoir challenges and completion design, as well as results, future improvements and plans for its implementation
First time use of MSDT in conglomerate formation creates a potential game changer for productivity enhancement in tight heterogeneous reservoirs globally. In addition to increased productivity, the MSDT offers a solution that reduces the carbon footprint by the elimination of stimulation vessels and reduced rig time compared to conventional stimulation techniques.
Contingency Management During Clean-Up Operations in Deep Water Environments
Authors: Theuveny Bertrand , Shumakov Yakov , Akbayev Beibit 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Clean-up and well start-up operations are often considered as routine operations. This paper provides insights on the proper planning processes to manage several potential contingencies during the initial flow of new wells in deep water environments. Examples of ill-planned operations quantify the downtime, reservoir damage and permanent productivity impairments.
A review of the last 25 years of operations in deep water in various regions from the Gulf of Mexico, Brazil, Angola, East African, India, and Black Sea has led to a significant enhancement of the planning processes and execution techniques of initiating and displacing completion fluids out of the well bores. A weighed ranking of the individual causes of operational unconformities provides a prioritization of the necessary contingency plans that need to be addressed. They rank from MetOcean challenges (wind, heave, rain) to human induced activities or to well, reservoir or fluids "surprises".
The key to the success of these operations lies mainly in the early determination of the mitigation's procedures. Unplanned shut-in during the early part of the clean-up (less than three hours) can lead to significant back flow of unwanted fluids to the formation and potential damage to the near well bore zone. The initial step of the process involves the ranking of the potential disruption that could occur in the specific operating area/fluid/geology settings. Next, the proposed methodology involves the systematic utilization of transient well bore models coupled with a near well bore model to simulate the various scenarios that may affect the flow. Sensitivities on parameters uncertainties or operational flexibility enable the determination of the worst-likely case scenario and for each of these (or combinations of), a workaround / contingency solution is virtually tested and verified. The cost/benefits of each contingency plan are evaluated and mapped in a traditional risk/frequency matrix. As a support to the well clean-up/start-up, an expected pressure / temperature / rate history is provided with dynamically set high and low alarm levels to enhance the governance of any operational unconformities. Real time monitoring of downhole and surface information allows the confirmation of the status of the clean-up/flowback at all time, and reduces the number of potential contingencies as the well is getting more and more cleaned-up.
The paper provides a novel approach to define the global efficiency of clean-up and allows a computation of the environmental footprint of the operation and its contribution in terms of carbon intensity. Wells have been cleaned-up since the beginning of the petroleum industry.