bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fungi are more transient than bacteria in caterpillar gut microbiomes
Authors: Šigut Martin , Pyszko Petr , Šigutová Hana , Višňovská Denisa , Kostovčík Martin , Kotásková Nela , Dorňák Ondřej , Kolařík Miroslav , Drozd Pavel 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDespite an increasing number of studies on caterpillar (Insecta: Lepidoptera) gut microbiota, bacteria have been emphasized more than fungi. Therefore, we lack data on whether fungal microbiota is resident or transient and shaped by factors similar to those of bacteria. We sampled nine polyphagous caterpillar species from several tree species at multiple sites to determine the factors shaping leaf and gut bacterial and fungal microbiota as well as the extent to which caterpillars acquire microbiota from their diet. We performed 16S and ITS2 DNA metabarcoding of the leaves and guts to determine the composition and richness of the respective microbiota. While spatial variables shaped the bacterial and fungal microbiota of the leaves, they only affected fungi in the guts, whereas the bacteria were shaped primarily by caterpillar species, with some species harboring more specific bacterial consortia. Leaf and gut microbiota significantly differed; in bacteria, this difference was more pronounced. The quantitative similarity between leaves and guts significantly differed among caterpillar species in bacteria but not fungi, suggesting that some species have more transient bacterial microbiota. Our results suggest the complexity of the factors shaping the gut microbiota, while highlighting interspecific differences in microbiota residency within the same insect functional group.
Augmented risk of ischemic stroke in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients without documented atrial fibrillation
Authors: Choi You-Jung , Kim Bongseong , Rhee Tae-Min , Lee Hyun-Jung , Lee Heesun , Park Jun-Bean , Lee Seung-Pyo , Han Kyung-Do , Kim Yong-Jin , Kim Hyung-Kwan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAlthough atrial fibrillation (AF) is a well-established risk factor for ischemic stroke (IS) in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), the risk of IS in HCM patients without documented AF is less recognized. This nationwide population-based cohort study using Korean National Health Insurance database included 8,328 HCM patients without documented AF and 1:2 propensity score-matched 16,656 non-HCM controls between 2010 and 2016. The primary outcome was an incident IS. During a mean follow-up of 6.1 years, IS occurred in 328/8,328 (3.9%) patients with HCM and 443/16,656 (2.7%) controls. The overall incidence of IS was 0.72/100 person-years in the HCM group, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (0.44/100 person-years) (HR 1.64; 95% CI 1.424–1.895; P < 0.001). The overall incidence of IS was 1.36/100 person-years in HCM patients aged ≥ 65 and 2.32/100 person-years years in those with heart failure, respectively. In the HCM group, age ≥ 65 years (adjusted HR 2.74; 95% CI 2.156–3.486; P < 0.001) and chronic heart failure (adjusted HR 1.75; 95% CI 1.101–2.745; P = 0.018) were independent risk factors for IS. HCM patients without documented AF are at a greater risk of IS, especially in those 65 years of age or older or those with chronic heart failure.
Carbon-oxygen surface formation enhances secondary electron yield in Cu, Ag and Au
Authors: Brown M. , Diaz L. , Aslan A. , Sanati M. , Portillo S. , Schamiloglu E. , Joshi R. P. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFirst-principles calculations coupled with Monte Carlo simulations are used to probe the role of a surface CO monolayer formation on secondary electron emission (SEE) from Cu, Ag, and Au (110) materials. It is shown that formation of such a layer increases the secondary electron emission in all systems. Analysis of calculated total density of states (TDOS) in Cu, Ag, and Au, and partial density of states (PDOS) of C and O confirm the formation of a covalent type bonding between C and O atoms. It is shown that such a bond modifies the TDOS and extended it to lower energies, which is then responsible for an increase in the probability density of secondary electron generation. Furthermore, a reduction in inelastic mean free path is predicted for all systems. Our predicted results for the secondary electron yield (SEY) compare very favorably with experimental data in all three materials, and exhibit increases in SEY. This is seen to occur despite increases in the work function for Cu, Ag, and Au. The present analysis can be extended to other absorbates and gas atoms at the surface, and such analyses will be present elsewhere.
The effectiveness of dry needling in patients with chronic low back pain: a prospective, randomized, single-blinded study
Authors: Rajfur Joanna , Rajfur Katarzyna , Kosowski Łukasz , Walewicz Karolina , Dymarek Robert , Ptaszkowski Kuba , Taradaj Jakub 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDry needling (DN) is a standard procedure for treating musculoskeletal disorders. However, there are no clear recommendations for using DN in low back pain (LBP). Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the novel DN program for reducing pain intensity and improving functional efficiency in patients with chronic LBP. A group of 40 patients with chronic LBP due to the L5-S1 discopathy were eligible and randomized into experimental (n = 20) and control (n = 20) groups. The DN program was performed for the experimental group according to the Five Regulatory Systems (FRS) concept. The control group received sham therapy using placebo needles. DN sessions were performed twice a week for 4 weeks. A single needling application lasted 60 min. Both groups received standard treatment and physical exercise of LBP for 1 month. Subjective pain was measured by a visual analog scale (VAS), functional efficiency was assessed with the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and the lower spine range of motion was measured with the Schober test. There were significant differences in pain reduction (VAS) in both groups (p < 0.001). The strongest analgesic effect in the DN group yielded 6.45 points immediately after the therapy, 6.2 points after 1 month, and 6 points after 3 months. The DN group scored higher VAS reduction than the control group (p < 0.001). There were significant differences in the functional state (ODI) in the experimental group (p < 0.001). There was a significant ODI decrease by 18.1 points, after 1 month by 18.9 points, and after 3 months by 17.6 points. No significant differences were found in the control group (p > 0.05). Intergroup differences were observed in the functional efficiency in ODI in all measurement time-points (p < 0.001). There were significant differences in the range of motion (Schober test) in the DN group (main effect: p < 0.001). For all measurements, differences (p < 0.001) were observed in favor of DN compared to the control. In conclusion, DN program according to the FRS concept stands for the novel treatment method supplemented by an exercise program, effectively reducing pain and improving functional efficiency in LBP patients.
Pressure pain threshold map of thoracolumbar paraspinal muscles after lengthening contractions in young male asymptomatic volunteers
Authors: Hanada Kohei , Ota Hiroki , Mizumura Kazue , Taguchi Toru 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to characterise topographic distribution of pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) of thoracolumbar paraspinal muscles and its change after lengthening contractions (LCs) of the back muscles. Using young male asymptomatic participants in Experiment 1, we systematically examined the distribution of PPTs bilaterally in the range of Th1–L5 at measurement points 2 and 4 cm from the midline. PPTs were found to be higher in the lumbar segments of the paraspinal muscles than in the thoracic segments, and in muscles closer to the vertebrae (2 vs. 4 cm from the midline). The PPTs did not differ between the left and right sides in each segment. In Experiment 2, LC was applied by asking a part of participants recruited in Experiment 1 to fall their trunk from a starting position (parallel to the floor) to 40° flexed position, and then made it back as quickly as possible to the starting position. This cycle was repeated until participants could not keep contractions (30 times/set, 25.4 ± 10.6 sets). PPTs of the LC group decreased prominently in the lower thoracic and lumbar segments, and the decrease was more evident 24 h after LC compared to that 48 h after. In contrast, PPTs in the control group without LC remained unchanged. These results provided broad topographic images of PPTs in the thoracolumbar paraspinal muscles of young male participants with and without LC, and the obtained PPT maps could be a useful guide for better treatment of exercise-induced myofascial pain in the lower back.
Evaluation of the inflammatory and osteogenic response induced by titanium particles released during implantoplasty of dental implants
Authors: Toledano-Serrabona Jorge , Bosch Begoña M. , Díez-Tercero Leire , Gil F. Javier , Camps-Font Octavi , Valmaseda-Castellón Eduard , Gay-Escoda Cosme , Sánchez-Garcés Mª Ángeles 
Published: September 2022

AbstractImplantoplasty is a mechanical decontamination technique that consists of removing the threads and polishing and smoothing the dental implant surface. During implantoplasty there is a large release of titanium metal particles that might provoke a proinflammatory response and reduce the viability of osteogenic cells. We analyze the inflammatory and osteogenic response induced by Ti6Al4V particles released during implantoplasty and by as-received commercially pure Ti particles. Macrophages stimulated with metal particles obtained by implantoplasty and with as-received Ti particles showed an increased proinflammatory expression of TNF-α and a decreased expression of TGF-β and CD206. Regarding cytokine release, there was an increase in IL-1β, while IL-10 decreased. The osteogenic response of Ti6Al4V extracts showed a significant decrease in Runx2 and OC expression compared to the controls and commercially pure Ti extracts. There were no relevant changes in ALP activity. Thus, implantoplasty releases metal particles that seems to induce a pro-inflammatory response and reduce the expression of osteogenic markers.
Bacterial diversity in surface sediments of collapsed lakes in Huaibei, China
Authors: Shen Zijian , Shang Zijian , Wang Faxin , Liang Yanhong , Zou Youcun , Liu Fei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe collapse lake area due to coal mining in Huaibei shows high biodiversity, but the bacterial community composition and diversity in the lake sediments are still rarely studied. Therefore, based on 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing and combined with analysis of environmental factors, we comparatively analyzed the bacterial community composition and diversity of surface sediments from East Lake (DH) and South Lake (NH) and Middle Lake (ZH) in the collapse lake area of Huaibei. The bacterial community compositions are significantly different in the sediments among Huaibei collapsed lakes, with DH having the largest number of species, and NH having a higher species diversity. Pseudomonadota is the most abundant phylum in the sediments of DH and NH, while the most abundant phyla in ZH are Bacteroidales, Chloroflexales, Acidobacteriales, and Firmicutes. Anaerolineae (24.05% ± 0.20%) is the most abundant class in the DH sediments, and Gammaproteobacteria (25.94% ± 0.40%) dominates the NH sediments, Bacteroidia (32.12% ± 1.32%) and Clostridia (21.98% ± 0.90%) contribute more than 50% to the bacteria in the sediments of ZH. Redundancy analysis (RDA) shows that pH, TN, and TP are the main environmental factors affecting the bacterial community composition in the sediments of the collapsed lake area. The results reveal the bacterial community composition and biodiversity in the sediments of the Huaibei coal mining collapsed lakes, and provide new insights for the subsequent ecological conservation and restoration of the coal mining collapsed lakes.
Balancing the effects of solar radiation pressure on the orbital elements of a spacecraft using Lorentz force
Authors: Yousef M. A. , El-Saftawy M. I. , Mostafa A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this work, orbits of Lorentz spacecrafts and satellites are investigated under the perturbation of solar radiation pressure. An attempt is made to control the perturbation of the solar radiation pressure using the effect of Lorentz force that affects an electrically charged spacecraft. The charge per unit mass is the controlling parameter in this process. The redial, transverse and normal components of the mentioned forces are constructed. The Lagrange planetary equations for perturbations in the Keplerian orbital elements are formulated. The formula describing the charge per unit mass, as function of the physical parameter of the problem as well as the orbital elements, were derived. The effects of the combined forces are analytically and numerically studied.
Health digital twins as tools for precision medicine: Considerations for computation, implementation, and regulation
Authors: Venkatesh Kaushik P. , Raza Marium M. , Kvedar Joseph C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHealth digital twins are defined as virtual representations (“digital twin”) of patients (“physical twin”) that are generated from multimodal patient data, population data, and real-time updates on patient and environmental variables. With appropriate use, HDTs can model random perturbations on the digital twin to gain insight into the expected behavior of the physical twin—offering groundbreaking applications in precision medicine, clinical trials, and public health. Main considerations for translating HDT research into clinical practice include computational requirements, clinical implementation, as well as data governance, and product oversight.
Spin-polarized and possible pseudospin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy in kagome metal FeSn
Authors: Lee Si-Hong , Kim Youngjae , Cho Beopgil , Park Jaemun , Kim Min-Seok , Park Kidong , Jeon Hoyeon , Jung Minkyung , Park Keeseong , Lee JaeDong , Seo Jungpil 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA kagome lattice (KL) is a two-dimensional atomic network comprising hexagons interspersed with triangles, which provides a fascinating platform for studying competing quantum ground states. The KL contains three atoms in a unit cell, and their degrees of freedom combine to yield Dirac bands and a flat band. Despite many studies to understand the flat band in KL, exploring the pseudospin of Dirac bands in KL has been scarce. In this paper, we suggest pseudospin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy that is analogous to spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy. Using a pseudospin-polarized tip, we possibly observed the pseudospin texture of kagome metal FeSn in real space. Based on a simple tight-binding calculation, we further simulated the pseudospin texture of KL, confirming the geometric origin of pseudospin. This work potentially deepens our understanding of the lattice symmetry-preserving tunneling process in Dirac materials.
Equal‐area criterion and analytical model for transient stability assessment of hybrid AC–DC transmission system using voltage sourced converter
Authors: Wang Peng , Kuschke Maren , Strunz Kai 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAn analytical model for transient stability assessment of hybrid AC–DC transmission systems is formulated, implemented, and validated. The equal‐area criterion, as known from the transient stability analysis of AC power systems, is redeveloped for AC–DC power systems using high‐voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission based on the voltage sourced converter and in particular the modular multilevel converter (MMC). Through the proposed analytical solution, the critical clearing angle and the critical clearing time are obtained through symbolic calculations for the most severe DC and AC short‐circuit faults. The assumptions made to enable the formulation of the analytical solution are conservative with respect to the assessment of transient stability. Since the analytical solution is a function of main system parameters and prefault active power flows, it offers an answer to an entire set of problems. It so yields a direct method of transient stability assessment that provides an in‐depth and educational insight into the parameters influencing transient stability. As an illustrative application, the impact of scheduled power flows on DC versus AC lines on the transient stability is analysed. In the performed validation involving the comparison with a computationally more expensive numerical solution, the assumptions underlying the analytic solution were justified.
Measurement quality of a software defined radio system for medical diagnostics
Authors: Zeng Xuezhi , Orozco Laura Guerrero 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe measurement quality of a software defined radio system was investigated and discussed for medical diagnostics in the frequency band of interest 500 MHz–2 GHz. A calibration approach was proposed in order to deal with the random phase problem, and the obtained performance was evaluated and benchmarked against a vector network analyser. The results suggest that the measurement quality of the software defined radio system is mainly limited by the signal leakage from the transmitter to the receiver. Good agreement between the measurement data obtained with the software defined ratio system and the network analyser was achieved when the transmission loss is less than 70 dB. With some a priori knowledge of the measured object, the software defined radio system is able to perform accurate measurement when the transmission loss is even higher.
Number characteristics of information granules in information tables
Authors: Kong Qingzhao , Chang Xue'er 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAccording to certain rules, some information granules are often induced from the information table, and then the corresponding granular computing models are established to deal with many kinds of data problems. Rough set is a kind of granular computing model which has been deeply studied, and its effectiveness in data processing has been widely proved. From the perspective of digital description, in this paper, the number of information granules, the base and dimension of information granule space induced from information table, is studied. In addition, the number of rough sets, the base and dimension of rough set space, and the accuracy of information granules are discussed.
Mind the gap
Authors: Rico Celia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHas post-editing changed the nature of translation? Are these tasks two sides of the same coin? These are some of the questions that recent developments in machine translation have brought to translation studies. The quality of the texts rendered by the new neural engines is good enough to challenge the traditional role of the human translator. Some voices even question whether there might be any place left for translators if, in the near future, their role is finally superseded by that of the post-editor. This paper offers a comprehensive view of the many aspects of post-editing with a view to shedding some light on the nature of this task. I first explore how the progress in machine translation has turned post-editing into an essential activity. Then, I present a proposal for a categorization of research areas in post-editing within the framework of translation studies. The central discussion of this paper revolves around three key ideas: (1) the conceptualization of post-editing as more than a simple, fast and inexpensive task; (2) the framing of post-editing as a dynamic process; and (3) the claim that defining quality in machine translation post-editing is not as straightforward as it may seem. The ultimate goal of this paper is to lay the foundations for further discussion into what it is that post-editing means for translation studies.
An E-band CMOS frequency quadrupler with 1.7-dBm output power and 45-dB fundamental suppression
Authors: Liao Xiaofei , Zhao Dixian , You Xiaohu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper presents an E-band frequency quadrupler in 40-nm CMOS technology. The circuit employs two push–push frequency doublers and two single-stage neutralized amplifiers. The pseudo-differential class-B biased cascode topology is adopted for the frequency doubler, which improves the reverse isolation and the conversion gain. Neutralization technique is applied to increase the stability and the power gain of the amplifiers simultaneously. The stacked transformers are used for single-ended-to-differential transformation as well as output bandpass filtering. The output bandpass filter enhances the 4th-harmonic output power, while rejecting the undesired harmonics, especially the 2nd harmonic. The core chip is 0.23 mm2 in size and consumes 34 mW. The measured 4th harmonic achieves a maximum output power of 1.7 dBm with a peak conversion gain of 3.4 dB at 76 GHz. The fundamental and 2nd-harmonic suppressions of over 45 and 20 dB are achieved for the spectrum from 74 to 82 GHz, respectively.
RF characterization of InP double heterojunction bipolar transistors on a flexible substrate under bending conditions
Authors: Wu Lishu , Dai Jiayun , Kong Yuechan , Chen Tangsheng , Zhang Tong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This letter presents the fabrication of InP double heterojunction bipolar transistors (DHBTs) on a 3-inch flexible substrate with various thickness values of the benzocyclobutene (BCB) adhesive bonding layer, the corresponding thermal resistance of the InP DHBT on flexible substrate is also measured and calculated. InP DHBT on a flexible substrate with 100 nm BCB obtains cut-off frequency f
T = 358 GHz and maximum oscillation frequency f
MAX = 530 GHz. Moreover, the frequency performance of the InP DHBT on flexible substrates at different bending radii are compared. It is shown that the bending strain has little effect on the frequency characteristics (less than 8.5%), and these bending tests prove that InP DHBT has feasible flexibility.
Growth and characterization of β-Ga2O3 thin films grown on off-angled Al2O3 substrates by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Zhang Yabao , Zheng Jun , Ma Peipei , Zheng Xueyi , Liu Zhi , Zuo Yuhua , Li Chuanbo , Cheng Buwen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Beta-gallium oxide (β-Ga2O3) thin films were deposited on c-plane (0001) sapphire substrates with different mis-cut angles along <

> by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). The structural properties and surface morphology of as-grown β-Ga2O3 thin films were investigated in detail. It was found that by using thin buffer layer and mis-cut substrate technology, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the (

) diffraction peak of the β-Ga2O3 film is decreased from 2° on c-plane (0001) Al2O3 substrate to 0.64° on an 8° off-angled c-plane (0001) Al2O3 substrate. The surface root-mean-square (RMS) roughness can also be improved greatly and the value is 1.27 nm for 8° off-angled c-plane (0001) Al2O3 substrate. Room temperature photoluminescence (PL) was observed, which was attributed to the self-trapped excitons formed by oxygen and gallium vacancies in the film. The ultraviolet–blue PL intensity related with oxygen and gallium vacancies is decreased with the increasing mis-cut angle, which is in agreement with the improved crystal quality measured by high resolution X-ray diffraction (HR-XRD). The present results provide a route for growing high quality β-Ga2O3 film on Al2O3 substrate.