bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Light‐Activatable Photocaged Variant of the Ultra‐High Affinity ALFA‐Tag Nanobody
Authors: Jedlitzke Benedikt , Mootz Henning D. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractNanobodies against short linear peptide‐epitopes are widely used to detect and bind proteins of interest (POI) in fusion constructs. Engineered nanobodies that can be controlled by light have found very recent attention for various extra‐ and intracellular applications. We here report the design of a photocaged variant of the ultra‐high affinity ALFA‐tag nanobody, also termed ALFA‐tag photobody.ortho‐Nitrobenzyl tyrosine was incorporated into the paratope region of the nanobody by genetic code expansion technology and resulted in a ≥9,200 to 100,000‐fold impairment of the binding affinity. Irradiation with light (365 nm) leads to decaging and reconstitutes the native nanobody. We show the light‐dependent binding of the ALFA‐tag photobody to HeLa cells presenting the ALFA‐tag. The generation of the first photobody directed against a short peptide epitope underlines the generality of our photobody design concept. We envision that this photobody will be useful for the spatiotemporal control of proteins in many applications using cultured cells.
Cation‐Structure Effects on Zinc Electrodeposition and Crystallographic Orientation in Ionic Liquids
Authors: Shimizu Masahiro , Sugiyama Yusuke , Horita Masaomi , Yoshii Kazuki , Arai Susumu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractInvited for this month's cover picture is Masahiro Shimizu and Yusuke Sugiyama at Shinshu University and Kazuki Yoshii at National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, and Research Team at Shinshu University. The cover picture shows the effect of cation structures of ionic liquids on the crystal grain size in electrochemical Zn deposition. The grain size and crystallographic orientation play a role of enhancing the Coulomb efficiency for Zn‐deposition/stripping, which provides meaningful insights into the utilization of Zn in rechargeable batteries. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/celc.202200016.
Sunlight‐Induced In Situ Isomerization of Both Ligands in a Mixed‐Ligand Coordination Polymer: From Photosalient to Photoinert Crystals
Authors: Dutta Basudeb , Bera Sambhunath , Sinha Chittaranjan , Mir Mohammad Hedayetullah 
Published: April 2022

AbstractReaction of Zn(NO3)2 ⋅ 6H2O, maleic acid (H2mal) and trans‐4‐(1‐naphthylvinyl)pyridine (trans‐nvp) in the dark results in the formation of a one‐dimensional coordination polymer (1D CP) [Zn(mal)(trans‐nvp)] (1), which is photosalient in nature. The crystals of 1 pop violently under UV light and moderately in sunlight, and generate cyclobutane ligands. However, the same reaction mixture kept in visible light exhibits the rare example of in situ isomerization of both ligands: cis‐trans transformation of maleate and trans‐cis isomerization of the nvp ligands, and subsequent formation of another 1D CP [Zn(fum)(cis‐nvp)2(H2O)2] (2, H2fum=fumaric acid), which is found to be photoinert. Thus, altering the reaction condition from dark to visible light gives rise to photosalient to photoinert crystals.
A targeted capture approach to generating reference sequence databases for chloroplast gene regions
Authors: Foster Nicole R. , van Dijk Kor‐jent , Biffin Ed , Young Jennifer M. , Thomson Vicki A. , Gillanders Bronwyn M. , Jones Alice R. , Waycott Michelle 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMetabarcoding has improved the way we understand plants within our environment, from their ecology and conservation to invasive species management. The notion of identifying plant taxa within environmental samples relies on the ability to match unknown sequences to known reference libraries. Without comprehensive reference databases, species can go undetected or be incorrectly assigned, leading to false‐positive and false‐negative detections. To improve our ability to generate reference sequence databases, we developed a targeted capture approach using the OZBaits_CP V1.0 set, designed to capture chloroplast gene regions across the entirety of flowering plant diversity. We focused on generating a reference database for coastal temperate plant species given the lack of reference sequences for these taxa. Our approach was successful across all specimens with a target gene recovery rate of 92%, which was achieved in a single assay (i.e., samples were pooled), thus making this approach much faster and more efficient than standard barcoding. Further testing of this database highlighted 80% of all samples could be discriminated to family level across all gene regions with some genes achieving greater resolution than others—which was also dependent on the taxon of interest. Thus, we demonstrate the importance of generating reference sequences across multiple chloroplast gene regions as no single loci are sufficient to discriminate across all plant groups. The targeted capture approach outlined in this study provides a way forward to achieve this.
Environmental and stomatal control on evapotranspiration in a natural oak forest
Authors: Niu Xiaodong , Liu Shirong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEvapotranspiration (ET) is an important component in water budgets in forest ecosystems, and the associated latent heat flux has important implications for regional climate. However, biophysical control mechanisms on variations in ecosystem ET on intra‐annual scales may have year‐to‐year variations in different years with contrasting precipitation and soil water contents. Related research is lacking in natural oak forests in Central China. Based on eddy‐covariance technique, we investigated variations of ET and controlling factors in a natural oak forest in central China over three years (2017–2019) with contrasting soil water contents (SWCs) and precipitation. The ET of the oak forest was mainly affected by surface conductance (gs) in growing seasons, and the restriction from stoma on ET was aggravated in dry year. High vapour pressure deficit (VPD) promoted gs and ET in wet year but decreased gs and ET in dry year. There was a positive relationship between shallow soil water contents and gs in dry year but no relationship between the two variables in wet year. The ET were 738.1, 750.6 and 513.1 mm, respectively, for 2017–2019, with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 20%, while the corresponding precipitation (P) were 1239.4, 855.8 and 645.6 mm, with a CV of 33%. Annual ET was the lowest in the year with the lowest P, SWC and gs. Short‐term droughts (periods with relative extractable water content less than 0.1 for less than 15 days) only constrained gs and ET in short timescales (e.g., hours). Long‐term droughts (periods with relative extractable water content less than 0.1 for more than 15 days) evidently decreased the gs, thus reducing the ET and affecting energy partitioning in the corresponding period. ET/P were 0.6, 0.88 and 0.79 in 2017–2019, respectively, indicating that ET consumed most of the rain. The ratios of latent heat flux (LE) to net radiation (Rn) were 0.86, 0.88 and 0.6 during growing seasons in 2017–2019, respectively. Our study suggested that the natural oak forest has high ET rate and soil moisture affects the variations of ET.
High performance of the sodium‐ion conducting flexible polymer blend composite electrolytes for electrochemical double‐layer supercapacitor applications
Authors: Sadiq Mohd , Tanwar Shweta , Raza Mohammad Moeen Hasan , Aalam Shah Masheerul , Sarvar Mohd , Zulfequar Mohammad , Sharma A.L. , Ali Javid 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHerein, we present the synthesis of a nanocomposite blend of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyethylene glycol (PEG), sodium nitrate (NaNO3), and various weight percent of nanofillers, BaTiO3, using a simple standard solution casting technique. The prepared nanocomposites are characterized in detail via techniques such as X‐ray diffraction technique, field‐emission scanning microscope, FTIR, and Raman spectra for confirming the crystal structure, morphology, and chemical bond formation within the samples, respectively. The suitable ionic conductivity of prepared samples is in the range of 10−4–10−8 S/cm at room temperature. Further, its maximum electrochemical stability window is ~4.1 V, and the ionic transference number is about 0.96 (15 wt%) at room temperature. The results associated with the optimized polymer nanocomposite motivated us to check its practical applicability for supercapacitors. The cyclic voltammetry of the fabricated cell based on optimized polymer as separator cum electrolyte appears as a distorted rectangle with no redox peaks. The cell charge storage mechanism is explored to be the electric double layer (EDLC) in nature. The maximum specific capacitance exhibited by the cell is nearly 4.4 F/g at a scan rate of 3 mV/s. The energy and power densities delivered by the same cell are equal to 27.7 W h kg−1and 9972 W kg−1, respectively, which sustain for 100 cycles. The results of the designed cell reveal that both blend polymer composite electrolyte films and the composite electrode can be implemented to be used for EDLC supercapacitor.
An incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics‐finite volume method coupling algorithm for interface tracking of two‐phase fluid flows
Authors: Xu Yixiang , Yang Gang , Hu Dean 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTwo‐phase flow involves complex interface evolution process such as the formation, development, pulsation, and rupture of phase interfaces. Numerical simulation is one of the important means to study two‐phase flow. The tracking and reconstruction of phase interface is the focus of two‐phase flow simulation. A two‐phase flow simulation algorithm based on coupled incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics (ISPH) method and finite volume method (FVM) is developed in this article. In present ISPH‐FVM coupling algorithm, one phase which has smaller volume is represented by SPH particles, while the other phase is defined on the FVM grids. The coupling of ISPH and FVM is achieved through the transfer and interaction of physical parameters at the overlapping area of the SPH particles and FVM grids. The continuous medium surface force model is also introduced into the ISPH‐FVM coupling algorithm to study the effect of surface tension on the two‐phase flow. Several numerical examples of two‐phase flow are adopted to verify the effectiveness of the ISPH‐FVM coupling method.
Relationship of histamine expression with chemokine balance in the tumor microenvironment of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue
Authors: Kimura Satoshi , Noguchi Hirotsugu , Yoshida Kosho , Sato Hiroaki , Nanbu Uki , Niino Daisuke , Shimajiri Shohei , Nakayama Toshiyuki 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundTumor‐associated macrophages in the tumor microenvironment (TME), as a factor affecting lymphocytes, have received much attention. Both lymphocytes and macrophages can switch the expression of histamine receptors. In this study, we investigated the role of histamine in the TME of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).MethodsSixty‐seven patients with stage I tongue SCC were studied. Histamine was evaluated by the expression of L‐histidine decarboxylase (HDC). Macrophages, T lymphocytes, and lymph vessel density, as well as the Ki‐67 labeling index (LI) and depth of invasion (DOI), were compared with HDC expression.ResultsHDC expression was significantly affected by the TME. The DOI, worst pattern of invasion, and Ki‐67 LI were associated with histamine expression. C‐C motif chemokine ligand (CCL) 2 and CCL22 were co‐expressed with histamine H1 and H2 receptors. Histamine expression was most affected by the DOI.ConclusionsTongue SCC expressing histamine affected the TME via histamine receptors and chemokines.
Palliative care experience and perceived gaps in training among transplant hepatology fellows: A national survey
Authors: Whitsett Maureen P. , Ufere Nneka N. , Patel Arpan , Shea Judy A. , Jones Christopher A. , Fix Oren K. , Serper Marina 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Despite the likely benefits of palliative care (PC) for patients with cirrhosis, physician experiences and perspectives about best practices are variable. We aimed to assess PC experience and gaps in training among transplant hepatology fellows. We conducted a national survey of all transplant hepatology fellows enrolled in accredited fellowship programs during the 2020–2021 academic year. We assessed the frequency of PC provision and comfort with physical and psychological symptom management, psychosocial care, communication skills, advance care planning, and end‐of‐life care. A total of 45 of 56 (79%) of transplant hepatology fellows responded to the survey; 50% (n = 22) were female. Most trained at centers performing over 100 transplants per year (67%, n = 29) distributed evenly across geographic regions. Most fellows (69%, n = 31) had a PC or hospice care rotation during residency, and 42% (n = 19) of fellows received education in PC during transplant hepatology fellowship. Fellows reported feeling moderately to very comfortable with communication skills such as breaking bad news (93%, n = 41) and leading family meetings (75%, n = 33), but nearly one‐third (30%, n = 13) reported feeling not very or not at all comfortable assessing and managing anxiety and depression (30%, n = 13) and spiritual distress (34%, n = 15). Nearly one‐quarter (22%, n = 10) had never discussed or documented advance care plans during fellowship. Fellows wished to receive future instruction on the assessment and management of physical symptoms (68%, n = 30) and anxiety and depression (64%, n = 28). Conclusion: Our survey highlights gaps in PC experience and education during transplant hepatology fellowship, lack of comfort in managing psychological distress and advance care planning, and desire to improve skills, particularly in symptom management. Future studies should investigate how to enhance transplant hepatology competencies in these PC domains and whether this impacts clinical care, advance care planning, or patient experience.
Physical and mental well‐being of cobot workers: A scoping review using the Software‐Hardware‐Environment‐Liveware‐Liveware‐Organization model
Authors: Storm Fabio A. , Chiappini Mattia , Dei Carla , Piazza Caterina , André Elisabeth , Reißner Nadine , Brdar Ingrid , Delle Fave Antonella , Gebhard Patrick , Malosio Matteo , Peña Fernández Alberto , Štefok Snježana , Reni Gianluigi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe present scoping review investigated the current state of the art concerning factors affecting physical and mental health and well‐being of workers using collaborative robots (cobots) in manufacturing industries. Each identified factor was classified using the SHELLO (Software‐Hardware‐Environment‐Liveware‐Liveware‐Organization) conceptual model. Strengths and limitations of such an approach were outlined. A total of 53 papers were included in the scoping review and analyzed following PRISMA guidelines. In 35 papers at least one risk factor referred to the SHELLO Liveware‐Hardware interaction, followed by factors concerning Liveware‐Software (16 papers), Liveware‐Liveware (11 papers), Liveware intrinsic factor (10 papers), Liveware‐Organization (8 papers), and Liveware‐Environment (8 papers). This work highlighted that methodological research is still primarily focused on traditional risk assessment and physical safety. However, several research directions concerning the design of cobots as active collaborators were identified, promoting workers' mental health and well‐being, too. The SHELLO model proved to effectively highlight human factors relevant for the design of cobots and can provide a systemic approach to investigate human factors in other complex sociotechnical systems. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time the model is applied in the field of human–cobot interaction.
HIF‐1α plays an essential role in BMP9‐mediated osteoblast differentiation through the induction of a glycolytic enzyme, PDK1
Authors: Amir Muhammad Subhan , Chiba Norika , Seong Chang Hwan , Kusuyama Joji , Eiraku Nahoko , Ohnishi Tomokazu , Nakamura Norifumi , Matsuguchi Tetsuya 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBone homeostasis is regulated by bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs), among which BMP9 is one of the most osteogenic. Here, we have found that BMP9 rapidly increases the protein expression of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α) in osteoblasts under normoxic conditions more efficiently than BMP2 or BMP4. A combination of BMP9 and hypoxia further increased HIF‐1α protein expression. HIF‐1α protein induction by BMP9 is not accompanied by messenger RNA (mRNA) increase and is inhibited by the activation of prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD)‐containing protein, indicating that BMP9 induces HIF‐1α protein expression by inhibiting PHD‐mediated protein degradation. BMP9‐induced HIF‐1α protein increase was abrogated by inhibitors of phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (AKT) kinase, indicating that it is mediated by PI3K–AKT signaling pathway. BMP9 increased mRNA expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1), a glycolytic enzyme, and vascular endothelial growth factor‐A (VEGF‐A), an angiogenic factor, in osteoblasts. Notably, BMP9‐induced mRNA expression of PDK1, but not that of VEGF‐A, was significantly inhibited by small interference RNA‐mediated knockdown of Hif‐1α. BMP9‐induced matrix mineralization and osteogenic marker gene expressions were significantly inhibited by chemical inhibition and gene knockdown of either Hif‐1α or Pdk‐1, respectively. Since increased glycolysis is an essential feature of differentiated osteoblasts, our findings indicate that HIF‐1α expression is important in BMP9‐mediated osteoblast differentiation through the induction of PDK1.
The ‘chimie douce’ process towards the modification of natural zeolites for removing drugs and pesticides from water
Authors: Viotti Paula Valéria , Moreira Wardleison Martins , Straioto Henrique , Bergamasco Rosângela , Scaliante Mara Heloisa Neves Olsen , Vieira Marcelo Fernandes 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDDrugs and pesticides are emerging contaminants, and their presence in surface and groundwater have been increasing. Therefore, this work aims to study the modification of natural zeolite to remove these contaminants from water.RESULTSAmong the modifications carried out, hydrothermal treatment in the presence of surfactant (CTAB) was highlighted. The hydrothermal treatment with surfactant provided a structural rearrangement. As a result, the zeolite became more hydrophobic, with a smaller specific area and a more significant amount of mesopores and macropores. Changes in textural and chemical characteristics resulted in a significant increase in the removal of the evaluated pesticides and drugs. In order to evaluate the potential of zeolites to remove emerging contaminants under conditions closer to reality, the modified samples were evaluated in the adsorption process of simulated contaminated water. The maximum adsorption capacities obtained were 28.24, 3.07, and 20.06 mg g−1 for 2,4‐D, diuron, and diclofenac, respectively, using HT‐H2O_CTAB under conditions closer to real water treatment (30 °C and natural pH of the solution).CONCLUSIONThe results demonstrate that hydrothermal modification with CTAB is a promising ‘chimie douce’ technique to use natural zeolites to remove emerging contaminants. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Morpho‐palynological and anatomical studies in desert cacti (Opuntia dillenii and Opuntia monacantha) using light and scanning electron microscopy
Authors: Majeed Salman , Zafar Muhammad , Ahmad Mushtaq , Zafar Sadia , Ghufran Asad , Ayoub Muhammad , Sultana Shazia , Yaseen Ghulam , Raza Jamil , Nabila  
Published: April 2022

AbstractOpuntia is the most diverse and widely distributed drought resistant promising genus of family Cactaceae. The cladodes were utilized to quantify the chemical composition of these plants helpful in lignocellulose conversion and their application towards biofuel production. The present study was aimed to evaluate and compare the taxonomic relationship based on morphology, stem anatomy and palynology of important desert cacti including Opuntia dillenii and Opuntia monacantha. This study also evaluates the potential usefulness of morphological, anatomical and pollen traits using light and scanning electron microscopy. The obtained microcharacters of stem and flowers are considered diagnostic at the generic and specific levels. Some distinguishing morphological features observed were elliptical to obovate cladodes, 1–7 spines per areole and presence of glochidia in O. dillenii. Pollen and stem anatomical characters of the studied taxa are considered highly diagnostic at the generic and species levels. The epidermis has irregular and wavy cells, with straight to sinuate wall pattern and paracytic stomata. Pollen grains appear as pantoporate and prolate spheroidal having reticulate to perforate‐reticulate sculpturing while exine semi‐tectate to tectate. The taxonomic features studied could be valuable to elaborate and helpful in correctly identification of Opuntia species. The methods of diverse microscopic examination also providing sufficient evidence about the taxonomy of the Opuntia species.Research Highlights
Description and illustration of desert cacti Opuntia.
Morpho‐anatomy and palynology were studied with LM and SEM.
Highly variation in taxonomic qualitative and quantitative features.
Systematic significance based on taxonomic characters was presented.
Chaetal arrangement and type diversity in two Magelona species (Magelonidae, Annelida) with ultrastructural details of the internal support chaetae
Authors: Müller Julian , Bartolomaeus Thomas 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe systematics of Annelida has repeatedly been changed based on morphological data, but more recently established transcriptomic approaches yielded a stable and widely accepted phylogenetic tree, placing Magelonidae and Oweniidae as sister group to all remaining annelids. This led to an increased interest in these groups in terms of morphological traits and their phylogenetic significance. As one of the most characteristic morphological characters of annelids, the chaetae of Magelonidae are well investigated regarding their shape, but phylogenetically relevant aspects like their general arrangement are still poorly studied. Furthermore, some species possess abdominal internal support chaetae that no study has addressed in detail thus far. The chaetal arrangement and position of formative sites were studied in the differently expressed parapodia of the thorax, the ninth chaetiger and the abdomen of Magelona mirabilis and Magelona johnstoni. Our results show that all chaetigers primarily bore one row of chaetae per parapodial ramus, each with a single formative site. We also present the first histological as well as ultrastructural data on the magelonid support chaetae, showing that they represent internal hooded hooks, with which they share a common chaetal sac. Their distribution within Magelonidae, however, still requires a broader examination to evaluate their presence as a convergent or homologous trait.