bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Combination of Bi-inject (Triamcinolone and Mitomycin) After Direct Vision Internal Urethrotomy for Short Urethral Strictures
Authors: Rehman Abdul , Fawad Ahmed , Javed Atif , Khan Sajjan 
Published: June 2022

Background: Urethral stricture disease has always been a challenge for urologists. Different treatment modalities that are used for treatment of urethral stricture disease, however recurrence has been a persistent problem. Agents such as triamcinolone and mitomycin-C offer hope but merit to be researched.
Objective: To test the combination of triamcinolone and mitomycin in direct vision internal urethrotomy (DVIU).
Methods: This quasi-experimental analysis was conducted in Ziauddin Hospital North Nazimabad upon a sample of 116 patients (selected using non-probability, consecutive sampling) in two groups (A: Experimental and B: Control) of 58 each. Data was recorded onto a structured questionnaire containing inquiries pertaining to basic biodata, sociodemographic details, disease history, operative notes and post0operative follow-up. The data obtained was analyzed using SPSS 21.0 and MS. Excel 365.
Results: The mean age of the sample stood at 47 (SD ± 05) years, with the age ranging from 19 to 80 years. The etiology was idiopathic in most (55.2%) of the cases and the primary urethral strictures were the commonest (67.2%). Most strictures appeared between 6 to 9 months after the procedure and the incidence decreased with passage of time till no new cases were reported at 1 year. The outcome of the treatment in group A bi-inject given was regarded as success in 49 (84.5%) and in group B bi-inject not given was 32 (55.2%) of the cases. Among those that experienced a recurrence, majority (63%) of the patients experienced bulbar urethral stricture, while the remaining (37%) faced membranous urethral strictures. Few complications were seen in both groups, predominant among which was bleeding.
Conclusion: After careful consideration, it is concluded administration of triamcinolone and mitomycin in direct vision internal urethrotomy (DVIU) yields a successful outcome significantly (<0.05) more frequently (84.5%) than the control group (52.5%).
Novel Technique in Late Stage Avascular Necrosis of Lunate: Tendon Interposition and Ligament Reconstruction with ECRL Tendon– A Case Report
Authors: Desai Sarvang , Patel Apurva , Shah Malkesh 
Published: June 2022

Aim: To evaluate clinical and functional results of extensor carpi radialis longus tendon ball interposition for treatment of late stage avascular necrosis of lunate (kienbock’s disease).
Materials and Methods: Patient with stage 4 kienbock’s disease was treated with excision of lunate and ecrl tendon interposition to fill the cavity of the excised lunate bone. Tendon was split. One half was left in situ and the other was used to fill the cavity by passing it to the scaphoid and triquetrum. This also helps to maintain intercarpal stability. Functions were assessed using grip strength, range of movement of wrist, quick dash and visual analogue score. Radiological examination was performed to assess carpal height ratio and progression of arthritis.
Results: Long and bulky ecrl tendon acts as a spacer to fill the excised lunate. it also provides scapho lunate and lunate triquetral ligament reconstruction for inter carpal stability.
Conclusion: ECRL tendon used for interposition with reconstruction seems to be an effective treatment modality for late stage of kienbock’s disease.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Susceptibility Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Glioblastoma Diagnosis
Authors: Baloch Mahnaz , Sahito Abid Ali , Hussain Mohsin , Jatoi Asma , Azeem Nazia , Shah Zeeshan Ahmed 
Published: June 2022

Objective: To determine the ddiagnostic accuracy of susceptibility weighted magnetic resonance imaging (SW-MRI) for glioblastoma diagnosis by taking biopsy as gold standard.
Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was done at department of Radiology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center (JPMC), Karachi from June to December 2017. Total 114 cases with focal neurological deficit, seizures, stroke and CT scan findings of a mass with irregular thick margins and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure were enrolled. All the study subjects undergone SWI MRI. Brain biopsy was done during the same period of hospitalization. All the data was collected by study proforma and analysis of data was done by SPSS version 26
Results: Total 114 cases were studied and mean age of the cases was 50.64+10.37 years. Males were in majority 60.5% and females were 39.5%. Lesion average size was 4.34 cm. Glioblastoma was diagnosed among 68.4% cases on SW-MRI, while its was diagnosed among 71.1% study subjects by biopsy. SW-MRI showed sensitivity 90.1%, specificity 84.8%, PPV 93.5%, NPV 77.7% and diagnostic accuracy was found 88.59%.
Conclusion: The SW-MRI was observed to be the best diagnostic tool for glioblastoma with diagnostic accuracy of 88.59%, sensitivity 90.1% and specificity 84.8%. This diagnostic tool may helpful to indorse the expected diagnosis in clinical practice.
Frequency of Anemia in Patients Admitted with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure in Tertiary Care Cardiac Hospital
Authors: Bhuromal Sharwan , Memon Faraz Farooq , Shaikh Muhammad Asim , Kumar Suresh 
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Anemia is one of the potential comorbid condition in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) which is linked to higher morbidity and mortality rates. Worldwide, its prevalence ranges from 4% to >70% in hospitalized patients with ADHF. Unfortunately data is lacking from our region and hence we aimed to conduct this study to scientifically fill the present gap by evaluating the actual burden of anemia in patients hospitalized with ADHF in a tertiary care hospital of Karachi, Pakistan.
Patients and Methods: This was a hospital based study conducted in the Department of Cardiology, Tabba Heart Institute, Karachi From 1st November 2019 to 30th April 2020. A total of 203 patients with ADHF with age >35 years and <80 years were selected. A blood sample was taken to determine the hemoglobin levels and hemoglobin (Hb) levels <12.0 g/dL in women and <13.0 g/dL in men were taken as cut-off for anemia.
Results: Overall mean and SD of age was 63.70±10.53 years and among them most of were males (n = 116, 57.1%). The overall prevalence of anemia in patients with ADHF was quite high and 63.5% (n = 129). Only three condition, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and current smoking habits had significant association with the occurrence of anemia in patients with ADHF, p value <0.05.
Conclusion: In conclusion, the results showed that anemia is an independent risk for HF. Anemia was observed in one-third of the study population. More prevalent in male gender, elderly patients of age above 60 years, and associated with other comorbids.
The Role of Schwann Cells in Cancer
Authors: Deborde Sylvie , Wong Richard J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSchwann cells (SCs) are the most abundant cell type in the nerves in the peripheral nervous system and compose a family of subtypes that are endowed with a variety of different functions. SCs facilitate the transmission of neural impulses, provide nutrients and protection for neurons, guide axons in nerve repair, and regulate immune functions. In the context of cancer, recent studies have revealed an active role of SCs in promoting cancer cell invasion, modulating immune responses, and transmitting pain sensation.
Benzimidazole Based Hole‐Transporting Materials for High‐performance Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Tingare Yogesh S. , Su Chaochin , Lin Ja‐Hon , Hsieh Yi‐Chun , Lin Hong‐Jia , Hsu Ya‐Chun , Li Meng‐Che , Chen Guan‐Lin , Tseng Kai‐Wei , Yang Yi‐Hsuan , Wang Leeyih , Tsai Hsinhan , Nie Wanyi , Li Wen‐Ren 
Published: June 2022

AbstractInterfaces play a decisive role in perovskite solar cells’ power conversion efficiency and their long‐term durability. Small‐molecule hole‐transporting materials (HTMs) have grabbed enormous attention due to their structural flexibility, material properties, and stabilities, allowing for improved operational durability in perovskite photovoltaics. This study synthesizes and investigates a new class of benzimidazole‐based small molecules, named YJS001 and YJS003, serving as the HTMs to enable high‐efficiency mixed‐cation mixed‐halide perovskite solar cells. The benzimidazole‐based materials are dopant‐free HTMs composed of donor and acceptor building blocks that are designed to engineer the energy level alignment near the HTM/perovskite interface. Mixed‐cation mixed‐halide perovskites can be grown uniformly on both HTMs with large crystalline grains. It is discovered that the donor‐rich YJS003‐based solar cell exhibits a high open‐circuit voltage of 1.09 V with a champion power conversion efficiency of over 20%. Power‐dependent current–voltage characteristics of the solar cells are analyzed, from which the high performance of YJS003's excellent hole mobility and well‐aligned energy level is attributed. This work introduces a new class of benzimidazole‐based small molecules as HTMs, that paves the path for dopant free interface material development for commercialization of perovskite solar cells.
Laser‐Based Growth and Treatment of Graphene for Advanced Photo‐ and Electro‐Related Device Applications
Authors: Wang Ying , Zhao Yang , Li Xin , Jiang Lan , Qu Liangti 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGraphene is considered as a competitive material for the development of photo‐ and electrodevices because of its superior electrical and optical properties. Meanwhile, laser processing technologies with high precision, fast reaction speed, and high maneuverability are widely used for the fast and facile fabrication of functionalized graphene and relevant devices. In particular, it enables desired performance tuning, programmable structural designing, micro‐ or nanoscale processing, and large‐scale integration for advanced graphene‐based photo‐ and electro‐related devices, which has greatly promoted the development of multiscale and multidimensional device manufacturing technology. In this review, the interaction principle and processing strategies of functional graphene prepared and treated by laser, especially for the regulation of optical and electrical properties, will be fully understood and introduced. The latest progress and reports of advanced photoelectro devices, including electric energy storage devices, generators, sensors, actuators, photodetectors, photothermal devices, and photovoltaic devices, are classified and summarized. In general, this review may provide positive and meaningful guidance for flourishing graphene‐based photo‐ and electroindustries.
Kinetics‐Controlled Interfacial Synthesis of Janus and Patchy Heterostructures Based on Perovskite Nanocrystals
Authors: Chen Shuhua , Mao Xinnan , Zhong Qixuan , Pan Qi , Liu Jun , Fu Jie , Yang Di , Chen Jinxing , Wang Lu , Zhang Qiao , Cao Muhan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHeterostructures integrated by diverse material featuring nanocrystals (NCs) tunable properties and functions are of great interest. However, to rationally design and precisely control the heterostructures in multiple shapes still remains a tremendous challenge. In this work, the nucleation of SiO2 nanoparticles is manipulated via a kinetics‐controlled water–hexane interfacial reaction system to construct Cs3Cu2I5/SiO2 heterostructures, which can be well controlled in Janus and patchy morphology. In this interfacial reaction, the evolution of Cs3Cu2I5 NCs and the intrinsic formation mechanism of the heterostructures are investigated. It is observed that the Cs3Cu2I5 NCs on the interface undergo a morphology transformation driven by ligand loss and exposed facets evolution. Increased wettability between Cs3Cu2I5 and SiO2 favors the formation of Cs3Cu2I5/SiO2 heterostructures. The key to this strategy is to break the rule of thermodynamic domination in reaction by kinetics manipulation when constructing the patchy heterostructure. To be noted, an increased stability is conferred on the resultant heterostructure product compared to naked perovskite NCs. This work enables to better control the complicated heterostructure configurations and understand their formation mechanism.
Silver‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Aldol Reaction of Isocyanoacetic Acid Derivatives Enabled by Cooperative Participation of Classical and Nonclassical Hydrogen Bonds
Authors: Sakai Satoshi , Fujioka Akane , Imai Koji , Uchiyama Kei , Shimizu Yohei , Higashida Kosuke , Sawamura Masaya 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe silver‐catalyzed asymmetric aldol reaction of isocyanoacetic acid derivatives with aldehydes has been developed by employing a chiral prolinol‐phosphine as a hydrogen‐bond‐donating P,N,O ligand. DFT calculations indicated that the reaction proceeds in a stepwise manner, involving C−C bond forming carbonyl addition and subsequent enantioselectivity‐determining oxazoline ring formation. An O−H⋅⋅⋅O/sp3‐C−H⋅⋅⋅O two‐point hydrogen bond donated by the prolinol moiety of the ligand activates the aldehyde in the C−C bond formation step and facilitates the subsequent cyclization under stereocontrol by the catalyst. The calculations further suggest that additional nonclassical C−H⋅⋅⋅O hydrogen bonds as well as London dispersion interactions may also participate synergistically in the stereocontrol.magnified image
Low‐Voltage‐Driven Electrochemical Aerobic Oxygenation with Flavin Catalysis: Chemoselective Synthesis of Sulfoxides from Sulfides
Authors: Mizushima Taiga , Oka Marina , Imada Yasushi , Iida Hiroki 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe chemoselective electrochemical oxygenation of sulfides to sulfoxides is performed using a biomimetic flavin catalyst that enables the activation of molecular oxygen under a low cathode potential. Diverse functional groups, including alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, cyclopropane, carboxylic acids, pyridine, alkenes, and alkynes, are well tolerated under low‐voltage electrolytic conditions.magnified image
High‐Resolution Mapping of Strain Partitioning and Relaxation in InGaN/GaN Nanowire Heterostructures
Authors: Park Bumsu , Lee Ja Kyung , Koch Christoph T. , Wölz Martin , Geelhaar Lutz , Oh Sang Ho 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGrowing an InxGa1−xN/GaN (InGaN/GaN) multi‐quantum well (MQW) heterostructure in nanowire (NW) form is expected to overcome limitations inherent in light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) based on the conventional planar heterostructure. The epitaxial strain induced in InGaN/GaN MQW heterostructure can be relaxed through the sidewalls of NW, which is beneficial to LEDs because a much larger misfit strain with higher indium concentration can be accommodated with reduced piezoelectric polarization fields. The strain relaxation, however, renders highly complex strain distribution within the NW heterostructure. Here the authors show that complementary strain mapping using scanning transmission electron microscopy and dark‐field inline holography can comprehend the strain distribution within the axial In0.3Ga0.7N/GaN MQW heterostructure embedded in GaN NW by providing the strain maps which can cover the entire NW and fine details near the sidewalls. With the quantitative evaluation by 3D finite element modelling, it is confirmed that the observed complex strain distribution is induced by the strain relaxation leading to the strain partitioning between InGaN quantum disk, GaN quantum well, and the surrounding epitaxial GaN shell. The authors further show that the strain maps provide the strain tensor components which are crucial for accurate assessment of the strain‐induced piezoelectric fields in NW LEDs.
High‐Temperature and Dynamic RGB (Red‐Green‐Blue) Long‐Persistent Luminescence in an Anti‐Kasha Organic Compound
Authors: Zhang Qiang‐Sheng , Wang Shi‐Cheng , Xiong Xiao‐Hong , Fu Peng‐Yan , Zhang Xiao‐Dong , Fan Ya‐Nan , Pan Mei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOrganic LPL (long‐persistent luminescence) materials have sparked extensive research interest due to the ultralong‐lived triplet states. Although numerous organic LPL materials have been reported, most of the triplet emission was static and monotonous. Therefore, LPL materials with dynamic triplet emission are urgently required. A triamino‐s‐triazine derivative 1 with dynamic LPL was fabricated. The single‐crystal structure shows that the abundant intermolecular interactions and small free volume restrict the molecular motion and avoid the quenchers. Spectral and theoretical calculations upheld the existence of multiple excited states in 1, and the migration of electrons between multiple excited states is very sensitive to external stimuli. By modulating the stimulus, the residence of electrons in different triplet states can be manipulated to achieve RGB LPL. Importantly, blue LPL was achieved by manipulating the anti‐Kasha emission. And the red LPL can still be observed at high temperature.
Influence of carbon nanotubes/polyetherketone‐cardo interlayer structure on mode II interlaminar fracture toughness of the interleaved carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites
Authors: Ma Tianyi , Sun Yuekun , Yao Jiawei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDelamination is always considered as a threat to the resin matrix composite laminates due to the nonvisibility from the outside. Much effort on the interleaving toughening has been made to improve the interlaminar fracture toughness. The synergistic toughening effect of thermoplastic resin and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has been the topic in the interleaving toughening. In this study, the influence of the hybrid structure between thermoplastic polyetherketone‐cardo (PEK‐C) and CNTs on the toughening efficiency was investigated. The mode II interlaminar fracture toughness was tested and the fracture surface was examined by scanning electron microscope. The results showed that the interlaminar structure was closely related with the interlayer structure and the synergistic toughening effect depended greatly on the hybrid structure.
A pan‐chelydrid, Chelydropsis aubasi sp. nov., from the Middle Eocene (MP 15, early Bartonian) of Chéry‐Chartreuve, France
Authors: Joyce Walter G. , Landréat Jean‐Luc , Rollot Yann 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSnapping turtles (Pan‐Chelydridae) play an important role in modern ecosystems throughout North America, but their fossil record is notably poor. We here describe a new species of fossil pan‐chelydrid, Chelydropsis aubasi, from the Middle Eocene (MP15, Bartonian) of Chéry‐Chartreuve, Department of Aisne, France, based on a series of fragments that document most of the shell. The new species not only bridges the morphological gap between earlier pan‐chelydrids from North America and later pan‐chelydrids from Europe but also advances the arrival of the group from North America to Europe by at least 10 million years. Although pan‐chelydrids are notably absent from Early and Middle Eocene localities throughout Europe, the new fossil gives credence to the idea that pan‐chelydrids may have dispersed from North America to Europe in concert with other turtles during the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum, but remain undetected to date.
Effect of moxa smoke on sperm parameters and oxidative stress in rats with asthenozoospermia
Authors: Liu Yajie , An Yu , Xing Guogang , Jin Zirun , Xi Ke , Huo Yongwei , He Rui , Wang Hao , Ouyang Xiali , Huang Yueping , Huang Chang , Han Li , Zhao Baixiao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAsthenozoospermia is a leading cause of male infertility, characterized by reduced sperm motility. In this study, we determined sperm motility and the activities of antioxidant enzymes and oxidation products in the testis of rats with ornidazole (ORN)‐induced asthenozoospermia and further examined and compared the differential effects of moxa smoke (MS) and cigarette smoke (CS) on sperm motility and oxidative stress (OS) of asthenozoospermic rats. The smoke intervention was initiated 11 days after intragastric administration of ORN, followed by the examination of testis index, sperm parameters, OS‐related gene levels, and testicular histopathology. Sperm motility and antioxidant enzyme activities, as well as oxidation products significantly decreased in ORN‐induced rats compared with MS‐treated rats (p < .05–.001). MS treatment restored the reduced sperm motility and activities of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase, but increased the malondialdehyde and nitric oxide synthetase levels in ORN‐induced rats (p < .05–.001). Also, the histopathological changes in the testis of ORN‐induced rats were improved by MS treatment. The study highlighted that MS was an effective factor in moxibustion therapy, which notably improved the sperm motility of asthenozoospermic rats by inhibiting OS in the reproductive system.
Optimization of the hongqu starter preparation process for the manufacturing of red mold rice with high gamma‐aminobutyric acid production by solid‐state fermentation
Authors: Wu Anqi , Li Liangyi , Zhang Song , Lin Qinlu , Liu Jun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRed mold rice (RMR) generally contains gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA), which has several physiological functions. Monascus purpureus M162, with a high GABA production of 15.10 mg/g was generated by atmospheric and room temperature plasma mutation. Furthermore, we conducted a response surface methodology to produce a premium hongqu starter. The results revealed that under optimal conditions, that is, a substrate containing brown rice and bran in a brown rice: bran ratio of 9:1 (wt/wt), an inoculation size of 21.50 mL/100 g, a mixing frequency of one time/9 h, and a cultivation time of 7.20 days, the number of active spores, α‐amylase activity, and saccharification power activity was 4.15 × 107 spores/g, 155 U/g, and 3260 U/g in the high‐quality starter, respectively. These values were 224.32‐fold, 139.64%, and 141.74% higher than those obtained with M. purpureus M162 inoculated into steamed indica rice, respectively, and 153.70‐fold, 267.24%, and 151.63% higher than those obtained with the parent strain M. purpureus M1, respectively. The premium hongqu starter of M. purpureus M162 was inoculated into steamed indica rice to produce RMR with 15.93 mg/g of GABA. In conclusion, we proposed a novel strategy for functional RMR production with high GABA concentrations by solid‐state fermentation with Monascus spp.
Media engineering in marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum employing cost‐effective substrates for sustainable production of high‐value renewables
Authors: Rehmanji Mohammed , Nesamma Asha Arumugam , Khan Nida Jamil , Fatma Tasneem , Jutur Pannaga Pavan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPhaeodactylum tricornutum is a marine diatom, rich in omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and brown pigment, that is, fucoxanthin. These high‐value renewables (HVRs) have a high commercial and nutritional relevance. In this study, our focus was to enhance the productivities of such renewables by employing media engineering strategy via., photoautotrophic (P1, P2, P3) and mixotrophic (M1, M2, M3, M4) modes of cultivation with varying substrate combinations of carbon (glycerol: 0.1 m) and nitrogen (urea: 441 mm and/or sodium nitrate: 882 mm). Our results demonstrate that mixotrophic [M4] condition supplemented with glycerol (0.1 m) and urea (441 mm) feed enhanced productivities (mg L−1 day−1) as follows: biomass (770.0), total proteins (36.0), total lipids (22.0), total carbohydrates (23.0) with fatty acid methyl esters (9.6), EPA (2.7), and fucoxanthin (1.1), respectively. The overall yield of EPA represents 28% of total fatty acids in the mixotrophic [M4] condition. In conclusion, our improved strategy of feeding urea to a glycerol‐supplemented medium defines a new efficient biomass valorization paradigm with cost‐effective substrates for the production of HVRs in oleaginous diatoms P. tricornutum.