bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnetic Nanobubble Mechanical Stress Induces the Piezo1‐Ca2+‐BMP2/Smad Pathway to Modulate Neural Stem Cell Fate and MRI/Ultrasound Dual Imaging Surveillance for Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Li Jing , Zhang Yao , Lou Zhichao , Li Mingxi , Cui Lin , Yang Zhenrong , Zhang Lijuan , Zhang Yu , Gu Ning , Yang Fang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNeural stem cells (NSCs) are used to treat various nervous system diseases because of their self‐renewal ability and multidirectional differentiation potential. However, an insufficient ability to track their migration in vivo and poor control over their survival and differentiation efficiency are two major critical challenges for clinical application. Here, it is shown that when magnetic nanobubbles (MNBs), which are assembled from magnetic nanoparticles, are internalized by NSCs, intramembrane volumetric oscillation of the MNBs induces an increase in intracellular hydrostatic pressure and cytoskeleton force, resulting in the activation of the Piezo1‐Ca2+ mechanosensory channel. This subsequently triggers the BMP2/Smad biochemical signaling pathway, leading to differentiation of NSCs into the neuronal phenotype. Signaling through the Piezo1‐Ca2+‐BMP2/Smad pathway can be further accelerated by application of an external shear stress force using low‐intensity pulsed ultrasound. More importantly, magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound imaging surveillance of NSCs based on MNB labeling can be leveraged to provide NSC therapeutic outcomes. Both the in vitro and in vivo findings demonstrate that a bubble nanostructure‐induced physical force can modulate and control the mechanical signaling pathway regulating stem cell development.
Cellulose‐Based Biomaterials: Chemistry and Biomedical Applications
Authors: Hasanin Mohamed S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis review represents a fresh survey about cellulose‐based biomaterial for biomedical application, in which certain features that are essential to design potential biomedical materials. It illustrates their functionalizations, benefits, properties, and applications in the biomedical. Cellulose is produced from plants and alternative sources such as bacteria, algae, and fungi as well as animals where tunicate is the only animal source of cellulose. Biomedical materials based on cellulose attracts attention due to its unique physicochemical features and high biocompatibility. Thus, cellulose‐based biomaterials have wide potential to be used in large scale biomedical applications as a pioneering material that may be used alone or with other additives. Additionally, they are used in several biomedical applications such as drug delivery, wound dressing, and tissue engineering. However, cellulose is not extensively used in the biomedical industrial field, this may be due to the limitations of the full studies and the limitation of availability of clinical trials. Moreover, the biomaterials based on cellulose are a potential substrate for the 3D bioprinting field where the tissues and organs can be designed as prototype production. For all these reasons, this work will highlight the recent developments in the preparation methods of cellulose‐based biomaterials and their derivatives.
Genetic diversity in reproductive traits of Braunvieh cattle determined with SNP markers
Authors: Trujano‐Chavez Mitzilin Zuleica , Ruíz‐Flores Agustín , López‐Ordaz Rufino , Pérez‐Rodríguez Paulino 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBraunvieh is an important dual‐purpose breed in the Mexican tropics. The study of its genetic diversity is key to implementing genetic improvement programs. This study was conducted to determine genetic diversity of reproductive traits in a Mexican Braunvieh beef cattle population using single nucleotide polymorphisms in candidate genes. Information from 24 genes with 52 intra‐genic loci reported in literature to be associated with productive life, pregnancy rate and cow and heifer conception rate of 150 Braunvieh males and females was considered. Observed heterozygosity (Ho) revealed high genetic diversity for the studied traits, Ho = 0.42 ± 0.087, relative to that of other populations of the same breed. Cluster analyses were carried out using the Ward and K‐means algorithms. These analyses revealed high genetic diversity that was observed in the biplot of non‐metric multi‐dimensional scaling. It was found that clustering strategy allowed visualisation of distant groups by genotype but not by favourable alleles in all the loci. We found that the genes CSNK1E, DNAH11, DSC2, IBSP and OCLN affected most of the traits in our study and they were highly informative. Therefore, they represent a potential resource for selection and crossbreeding programs of the traits studied in Braunvieh. The analyses showed that the Mexican Braunvieh population has a high level of genetic diversity, arguably due to decades‐long adaptation to the Mexican tropics.
Investigation of the floating IEA wind 15‐MW RWT using vortex methods Part II: Wake impact on downstream turbines under turbulent inflow
Authors: Ramos‐García Néstor , González Horcas Sergio , Pegalajar‐Jurado Antonio , Kontos Stavros , Bredmose Henrik 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe manuscript presents a novel numerical investigation on the impact of the wake of a floating IEA wind 15‐MW reference wind turbine (RWT) on downstream machines using a state‐of‐the‐art vortex solver coupled to a multi‐body code. The coupling enables to account for the flexibility of the different turbine components as well as to include the effect of the controller and the dynamics of the floating support structure. First, the turbine is mounted on the WindCrete spar‐buoy platform, and the wake impact on a second turbine positioned at different downstream positions is investigated and compared with the impact of the wake generated by a bottom‐fixed machine. It is found that the faster breakdown of the vortex structures triggered by the motion of the floater in the upstream turbine increases the power production of a downstream machine, as well as its mean thrust level relative to normal operation downstream a bottom‐fixed machine. It is demonstrated that this effect is drastically reduced with the increase of the turbulence intensity (TI). Further, simulations with a prescribed harmonic motion of the upstream turbine in surge and pitch under different turbulence levels are presented. It is found that the motion of the floater has a strong impact in the generated wake and consequently in the operation of downstream machines. In particular, downstream turbines experienced considerably higher blade loading that led to an increase of the aerodynamic power. Finally, aero‐hydro‐servo‐elastic simulations of five turbines in a row have shown that the interaction between multiple floating machines is more dynamic than between bottom‐fixed turbines. This has been mainly observed at high wind speeds, where the pitch and surge motions of the floater in turbines located deep inside the farm can be resonantly excited by the interaction with the wind farm flow. In practice, this means that the power and thrust variations increase with the turbine location depth inside the farm. Overall, the study highlights the importance of an accurate flow and wake modeling for the prediction of turbine‐to‐turbine interaction in a floating context.
Introduction: The Project Abandonment Problem
Authors: Ibrahim Jimoh , Loch Christoph , Sengupta Kishore 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWhile large project performance problems have been observed in many countries, the failure in Nigeria is greater because since 1960, two-thirds of very large projects did not just “fail” but were abandoned, leaving ruins behind. Nigeria has no systematic data on what has been spent, but the sums are clearly huge—the 38 projects alone that this investigation considers in detail represent a total budget of over $25B, almost equalling Nigeria’s total foreign debt ($27B) in 2017.Therefore, there needs to be an investigation: what are the causes of this situation, what are the specific reasons in the Nigerian context, and what might be done to remedy this? This introduction chapter outlines the approach of the investigation and summarizes what will be discussed in each chapter.
Insights and Recommendations
Authors: Ibrahim Jimoh , Loch Christoph , Sengupta Kishore 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis chapter summarizes the 11 case study observations: it systematically illustrates that the completed projects were superior in their success factors across all 11 cases. This summary directly links the statistical success driver constructs from Chap. 10.1007/978-3-030-96474-0_5 with the qualitative characterizations from the case studies.This chapter then gives examples from three other countries of how government project governance was changed over time. These examples can serve as an inspiration of the ambition to change governance for the better.Finally, the chapter develops, from the previous analysis, recommendations of how the government might change the governance rules for very large projects in order to achieve more productivity for the country in the future.
Diversity und Führung? Eine branchenspezifische Analyse zu Diversity Einstellungen von Führungskräften
Authors: Genkova Petia , Schreiber Henrik 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungDas folgende Kapitel legt Ergebnisse einer Untersuchung dar, welche sich mit den Einstellungen von Führungskräften zu kultureller Vielfalt im MINT-Bereich (Mathematik, Informatik, Naturwissenschaften und Technik) beschäftigt.Vor dem Hintergrund einer zunehmend diversifizierten und globalisierten Arbeitswelt in deutschen Unternehmen gewinnen Erkenntnisse über die Entstehung und Beeinflussung des Umgangs mit kultureller Vielfalt an Bedeutung. Während Führungskräfte als Multiplikatoren der Unternehmensstrategie zum Umgang mit Vielfalt gelten, gibt es kaum wissenschaftliche Befunde über die spezifischen Einstellungen dieser Gruppe. Da Führungskräfte generell eine schwer zugängliche Zielgruppe sind, liegen vornehmlich Beobachtungen aus der Perspektive der Mitarbeitenden vor. Dies gilt insbesondere für technische und naturwissenschaftliche Berufsgruppen. Aus diesem Grund befragt die vorliegende qualitative Studie, explorativ Führungskräfte dieser Branchen hinsichtlich ihrer Erfahrungen, sozialer Einflüsse und Kompetenzen, die für den Umgang mit kultureller Vielfalt relevant sind. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sich nur ein kleiner Teil der Befragten der Chancen und Risiken kultureller Vielfalt und den spezifischen Herausforderungen für Menschen mit Migrationshintergrund bewusst ist. Dabei scheinen für die Ausbildung der Einstellungen gegenüber kultureller Vielfalt sowohl die eigenen Erfahrungen und die Sensibilität, die eigene Identifizierung mit dem Unternehmen, vor dem Hintergrund der jeweiligen Position des Unternehmens, und bisherige Maßnahmen relevant zu sein. Die Befragten konstatieren außerdem einen Mangel an interpersonalen und interkulturellen Kompetenzen bei Nachwuchs-Führungskräften in der Branche, welcher sowohl durch Unternehmen als auch durch Bildungsträger adressiert werden sollte.
Migration und Erfolg: Gelingensbedingungen und Hindernisse
Authors: Genkova Petia 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungDas folgende Kapitel gibt einen Überblick über psychologische Ansätze, die zur Erklärung von Migrationsprozessen und deren psychologischen Folgen herangezogen werden können. Dies umfasst unter anderem den Identitätsansatz, den Ansatz des kulturellen Lernens und den stresstheoretischen Ansatz.Zunächst werden grundlegende Erkenntnisse zu den Themen Stereotype, Vorurteile und Diskriminierung angeführt und in verschiedene Theorien eingebettet.Im nächsten Schritt wird Akkulturation, als Identitätsansatz, aus theoretischer und empirischer Sicht anhand verschiedener Modelle und Ansätze erläutert. Besonders die Akkulturationsstrategie der Integration wird hervorgehoben, da diese mit Vorteilen und Chancen, sowohl für die Migrierenden als auch die Mehrheitsgesellschaft, einhergeht.Anschließend werden unterschiedliche Aspekte und Herausforderungen eines Akkulturationsprozesses und die jeweiligen Einflussfaktoren dargestellt. Beispiele sind der Kulturschock und der akkulturative Stress, die mit negativen Emotionen, Angst oder gar Depressionen zusammenhängen. Dem gegenüber steht der Prozess der kulturellen Anpassung, den das Individuum durchlebt, bis es sich in der neuen Kultur wohlfühlt und sich kulturadäquate Verhaltensweisen angeeignet hat.Den Abschluss des Kapitels bilden verschiedene Einflussfaktoren auf den interkulturellen Erfolg.
Viel Licht und neue Aufgaben – Münchner Perspektiven zu kultureller Diversität an deutschen Hochschulen
Authors: Theobald Wanda , Semke Edwin 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungDie deutsche Wirtschaft verlangt nach qualifizierten Fach- und Führungskräften, vor allem im MINT-Bereich (Mathematik, Ingenieurwesen, Naturwissenschaften und Technik). Noch nicht vollständig erschlossene Personalpotentiale werden unter internationalen Studierenden und solchen mit Migrationshintergrund vermutet. Die Untersuchung nimmt das Maß der kulturellen Diversität an Hochschulen in den Fokus. Zugleich werden Stereotypisierungsängste und Gruppengrenzen untersucht. Das Bewusstsein für kulturelle Diversität ist lediglich unter internationalen Studierenden deutlich ausgeprägt. Zugleich fühlen sie sich durch Stereotypisierung bedroht und von Netzwerken und Informationen durch wenig durchlässige Gruppengrenzen weitgehend abgeschnitten. Zugleich scheint die kulturelle Umgebung einen Einfluss auf alle drei untersuchten Merkmale zu haben: je internationaler die Umgebung, desto geringer sind Stereotypenbedrohung und kulturelle Gruppengrenzen ausgeprägt. Diese Unterschiede lassen sich, basierend auf den vorliegenden Ergebnissen, einerseits auf die kulturelle Diversität der Studierendenschaft und andererseits auf die Einstellungen zu Diversität seitens der Studierenden ohne Migrationshintergrund sowie auf die Häufigkeit von Gelegenheiten zur Intergruppen-Interaktion zurückführen.
Geometric algebra and algebraic geometry of loop and Potts models
Authors: Böhm Janko , Jacobsen Jesper Lykke , Jiang Yunfeng , Zhang Yang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We uncover a connection between two seemingly separate subjects in integrable models: the representation theory of the affine Temperley-Lieb algebra, and the algebraic structure of solutions to the Bethe equations of the XXZ spin chain. We study the solution of Bethe equations analytically by computational algebraic geometry, and find that the solution space encodes rich information about the representation theory of Temperley-Lieb algebra. Using these connections, we compute the partition function of the completely-packed loop model and of the closely related random-cluster Potts model, on medium-size lattices with toroidal boundary conditions, by two quite different methods. We consider the partial thermodynamic limit of infinitely long tori and analyze the corresponding condensation curves of the zeros of the partition functions. Two components of these curves are obtained analytically in the full thermodynamic limit.
Hardy spaces associated to generalized Hardy operators and applications
Authors: Bui The Anh , Nader Georges 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we will study the Hardy and BMO spaces associated to the generalized Hardy operator $$L_{\alpha }= (-\Delta )^{\alpha /2}+a|x|^{-\alpha }$$

L
α

=

(
-
Δ
)

α
/
2

+
a

|
x
|

-
α

. Similarly to the classical Hardy and BMO spaces, we will prove that our new function spaces will enjoy some important results such as molecular decomposition and duality. As applications, we show the boundedness of the spectral multiplier of Laplace transform type and the Sobolev norm inequalities involving the generalized Hardy operator.
Molecular glues: enhanced protein-protein interactions and cell proteome editing
Authors: Weagel Evita G. , Foulks Jason M. , Siddiqui Adam , Warner Steven L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe druggable genome is limited by structural features that can be targeted by small molecules in disease-relevant proteins. While orthosteric and allosteric protein modulators have been well studied, they are limited to antagonistic/agonistic functions. This approach to protein modulation leaves many disease-relevant proteins as undruggable targets. Recently, protein-protein interaction modulation has emerged as a promising therapeutic field for previously undruggable protein targets. Molecular glues and heterobifunctional degraders such as PROTACs can facilitate protein interactions and bring the proteasome into proximity to induce targeted protein degradation. In this review, we discuss the function and rational design of molecular glues, heterobifunctional degraders, and hydrophobic tag degraders. We also review historic and novel molecular glues and targets and discuss the challenges and opportunities in this new therapeutic field.
Resting-state Networks in Tinnitus
Authors: Kok Tori Elyssa , Domingo Deepti , Hassan Joshua , Vuong Alysha , Hordacre Brenton , Clark Chris , Katrakazas Panagiotis , Shekhawat Giriraj Singh 
Published: May 2022

AbstractChronic subjective tinnitus is the constant perception of a sound that has no physical source. Brain imaging studies show alterations in tinnitus patients’ resting-state networks (RSNs). This scoping review aims to provide an overview of resting-state fMRI studies in tinnitus, and to evaluate the evidence for changes in different RSNs. A total of 29 studies were included, 26 of which found alterations in networks such as the auditory network, default mode network, attention networks, and visual network; however, there is a lack of reproducibility in the field which can be attributed to the use of different regions of interest and analytical methods per study, and tinnitus heterogeneity. Future studies should focus on replication by using the same regions of interest in their analysis of resting-state data, and by controlling adequately for potential confounds. These efforts could potentially lead to the identification of a biomarker for tinnitus in the future.
Synthesis of nanocubic lithium cobalt ferrite toward high-performance lithium-ion battery
Authors: Ateia Ebtesam E. , Ateia Mahmoud A. , Fayed Motaz G. , El-Hout Soliman. I. , Mohamed Saad G. , Arman M. M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe synthesis of Li1.1Co0.3Fe2.1O4 ferrite nanoparticles has been successfully fabricated by the citrate auto combustion technique. Numerous characterization techniques as X-ray Diffraction (XRD), High- Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), and Raman Spectroscopy are achieved. The homogeneous formation of the cubic phase is ratified through HRTEM. Five Raman-active modes A1g, 3F2g, Eg. are detected for the examined samples. In addition, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is carried out to identify the various ions existing in samples and their oxidation states. The investigated ferrite nanoparticles manifest large capacity (until 1150 mAh g−1), stellar coulombic efficiency, and superb cycle stability (443 mAh g−1 after 50 cycles). Finally, the cheap and non-toxic Li1.1Co0.3Fe2.1O4 has been employed as an anode for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), demonstrating superior electrochemical in terms of specific capacity, cycle performance, and rate capability.
Hypoechogenicity of brainstem raphe in long-COVID syndrome–less common but independently associated with depressive symptoms: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Richter Daniel , Schulze Hannah , James Jeyanthan Charles , Siems Nadine , Trampe Nadine , Gold Ralf , Krogias Christos , Faissner Simon 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective
Long coronavirus disease (Long-COVID) syndrome is a hitherto poorly understood phenomenon with a broad spectrum of symptoms, including depression and anxiety. Depressive symptoms have been associated with brainstem raphe (BR) alterations in transcranial sonography (TCS) that might reflect dysfunction of the serotonergic system. The primary aim was to investigate the connection of BR alterations with depressive and anxiety symptoms in patients with Long-COVID syndrome.

Methods
In a cross-sectional study design, we included outpatients fulfilling the criteria of Long-COVID syndrome. All patients were examined by TCS in the axial plane with focus on BR signal alterations. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to test for symptoms of anxiety and depression.

Results
We included n = 70 patients with Long-COVID syndrome, of which 28.6% (n = 20) exhibited a reduced echogenicity of BR in the TCS examination. Patients with hypoechogenic BR had higher subscores for anxiety and depression compared to normoechogenic patients (HADS depression: median 8 versus 5.5, p = 0.006; HADS anxiety: median 9 versus 6.5, p = 0.006). After adjustment for reasonable confounders, only the odds ratio (OR) for relevant depressive symptoms was higher among Long-COVID patients with hypoechogenic raphe (adjusted OR 3.884, 95% CI 1.244–12.123).

Discussion
Hypoechogenic BR alterations are independently associated with depressive symptoms in Long-COVID patients but are not highly frequent. Future studies should investigate whether the hypoechogenicity of the BR is a direct consequence or whether it reflects a priori a higher susceptibility to depressive symptoms after COVID-19, thus enabling to identify COVID-19 patients at higher risk of developing Long-COVID depressive symptoms.
Realistic biomarkers from plasma extracellular vesicles for detection of beryllium exposure
Authors: Adduri Raju S. R. , Vasireddy Ravikiran , Mroz Margaret M. , Bhakta Anisha , Li Yang , Chen Zhe , Miller Jeffrey W. , Velasco-Alzate Karen Y. , Gopalakrishnan Vanathi , Maier Lisa A. , Li Li , Konduru Nagarjun V. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPurposeExposures related to beryllium (Be) are an enduring concern among workers in the nuclear weapons and other high-tech industries, calling for regular and rigorous biological monitoring. Conventional biomonitoring of Be in urine is not informative of cumulative exposure nor health outcomes. Biomarkers of exposure to Be based on non-invasive biomonitoring could help refine disease risk assessment. In a cohort of workers with Be exposure, we employed blood plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) to discover novel biomarkers of exposure to Be.MethodsEVs were isolated from plasma using size-exclusion chromatography and subjected to mass spectrometry-based proteomics. A protein-based classifier was developed using LASSO regression and validated by ELISA.ResultsWe discovered a dual biomarker signature comprising zymogen granule protein 16B and putative protein FAM10A4 that differentiated between Be-exposed and -unexposed subjects. ELISA-based quantification of the biomarkers in an independent cohort of samples confirmed higher expression of the signature in the Be-exposed group, displaying high predictive accuracy (AUROC = 0.919). Furthermore, the biomarkers efficiently discriminated high- and low-exposure groups (AUROC = 0.749).ConclusionsThis is the first report of EV biomarkers associated with Be exposure and exposure levels. The biomarkers could be implemented in resource-limited settings for Be exposure assessment.