bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
No evidence for a dilution effect of high vertebrate diversity on tick-borne disease hazard in Dutch forests
Authors: Esser Helen Joan , Takumi Katsuhisa , Holding Maya Louise , Sprong Hein 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Maintaining high vertebrate diversity is promoted as a potential strategy to control Lyme disease hazard via a so-called dilution effect, which occurs when increasing diversity of an ecological community reduces the transmission of a pathogen. However, empirical evidence from Europe is limited at best, while it remains unclear whether dilution effects operate for other tick-borne diseases. Here, we evaluated how often the dilution effect occurs for a wide range of tick-borne pathogens and symbionts in forest areas in the Netherlands.
Methods
Data on wildlife, tick densities, and tick-borne microorganisms were collected in 19 forest sites. We calculated six different biodiversity indices based on camera trapping and live trapping data to characterize the vertebrate community of each forest site. These indices were correlated with the nymphal infection prevalence (NIP) and density of infected nymphs (DIN) of three Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato genospecies as well as seven other tick-borne pathogens and symbionts.
Results
Vertebrate host species diversity, tick densities and infection prevalence varied widely among sites. However, neither the NIP nor the DIN of any of the ten tick-borne pathogens or symbionts was significantly correlated with any of the six indices of vertebrate species diversity or with total host availability. These results were consistent regardless of whether we used the relative abundance of vertebrate species or the proportion of larvae fed by each host species to calculate the diversity indices.
Conclusions
Our results do not support evidence for a dilution effect in Dutch forests, suggesting that facilitating high species diversity of native wildlife is unlikely to reduce tick-borne disease hazard at the scale of local forest patches. Whether (other) nature conservation strategies in other types of habitats and at other spatial scales can reduce tick-borne disease hazard warrants further investigation.
Efficient Isogeny Computations on Huff Curve
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Rathor Akash , Kumari Saru , Mishra R. K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIBC (Isogeny-based cryptography) is the important part of post-quantum cryptography (PQC). Because of compatibility and smaller key sizes, it is extremely used. Isogeny computations and point operations serve as the primary building blocks in the implementation of the IBC. Since the cryptosystem advances along the isogeny graph, it is impossible to optimize the isogeny formula for a particular elliptic curve coefficient. As a result of the effective point operation on any elliptic curve, Montgomery curves are utilised in the literature. Present work pro­­­poses the schemes for computing two, three and four-isogenies on Huff curve, by using the transformation from affine plane to projective plane. The proposed schemes found efficient when compared their computational cost with Edwards and Montgomery curves.
Constituent-based quasi-linear viscoelasticity: A revised quasi-linear modelling framework to capture non-linear viscoelasticity in arteries
Authors: Giudici Alessandro , Laan Koen W.F. van der , Bruggen Myrthe M. van der , Parikh Shaiv , Berends Eline , Foulquier Sébastien , Delhaas Tammo , Reesink Koen D. , Spronck Bart 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Arteries exhibit fully non-linear viscoelastic behaviours (i.e., both elastically and viscously non-linear). While elastically non-linear arterial models are well established, effective mathematical descriptions of non-linear viscoelasticity are lacking. Quasi-linear viscoelasticity (QLV) offers a convenient way to mathematically describe viscoelasticity, but its viscous linearity assumption is unsuitable for whole-wall vascular applications. Conversely, application of fully non-linear viscoelastic models, involving deformation-dependent viscous parameters, to experimental data is impractical and often reduces to identifying specific solutions for each tested loading condition. The present study aims to address this limitation: By applying QLV theory at the wall constituent rather than at the whole-wall level, the deformation-dependent relative contribution of the constituents allows to capture non-linear viscoelasticity with a unique set of deformation-independent model parameters. Five murine common carotid arteries were subjected to a protocol of quasi-static and harmonic, pseudo-physiological biaxial loading conditions to characterise their viscoelastic behaviour. The arterial wall was modelled as a constrained mixture of an isotropic elastin matrix and four families of collagen fibres. Constituent-based QLV was implemented by assigning different relaxation functions to collagen- and elastin-borne parts of the wall stress. Non-linearity in viscoelasticity was assessed via the pressure-dependency of the dynamic-to-quasi-static stiffness ratio. The experimentally measured ratio increased with pressure, from 1.03 ± 0.03 (mean ± standard deviation) at 80–40 mmHg to 1.58 ± 0.22 at 160–120 mmHg. Constituent-based QLV captured well this trend by attributing the wall viscosity predominantly to collagen fibres, whose recruitment starts at physiological pressures. In conclusion, constituent-based QLV offers a practical and effective solution to model arterial viscoelasticity.
Prognostic value of anoikis-related genes revealed using multi-omics analysis and machine learning based on lower-grade glioma features and tumour immune microenvironment
Authors: Abulaiti Aimitaji , Maimaiti Aierpati , Wang Zengliang , Fu Qiang , Li Shaoshan , Li Yabin , Fan Guofeng , Aosiman Yasen , Ming Yan , Wang Yongxin , Zhou Qingjiu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Lower-grade glioma (LGG) is a prevalent glial cell-derived brain tumor that is aggressive and infiltrative. Anoikis, a new and distinct form of cell death, is a catch-all phrase describing cells losing their ability to adhere to the extracellular matrix (ECM) and nearby cells, followed by the inducing of apoptosis. However, what role the mechanisms associated with anoikis play in LGG have not been thoroughly discovered.
Methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) are three large databases that provide sequencing information for LGG patients, as well as the corresponding clinical data, were included in this study as the training set and multi-group validation set for the data. Application of ConsensusClusterPlus Consensus Clustering for molecular subtype classification of LGG patients based on anoikis-related genes (ARGs)with prognostic value. Subsequently, we screened genes significantly associated with patient prognosis using different machine learning algorithms. Risk profiles are constructed and assessed based on these screened genes.
Results: Patients with LGG were classified into two distinct molecular subtypes based on a clustering approach, each characterized by their prognosis, clinical features, and tumor microenvironment. A 6-ARG prognostic signal (EGFR, SIX1, SP1, ANGPTL2, PDCD4, and BMP2) was subsequently constructed, and the signature genes showed good predictive performance not only in the training set but also in multiple validation sets. Additionally, we go into great depth about how high-risk and low-risk groups differ from one another in terms of attributes, including immune characteristics, tumor mutation characteristics, and drug sensitivity showing significant differences in the risk subgroups. Finally, this risk score is combined with multiple LGG clinicopathological features to create an at-a-glance nomogram for quantitatively predicting the probability of clinical survival in individuals with LGG, and the AUC values and decision curve analysis (DCA) of this nomogram suggest that the model can benefit patients from clinical treatment strategies.
Conclusion: Overall, ARG signs can be used as a valid indicator of prognosis prediction and response to immunotherapy in patients with LGG.
A Deep Learning Approach for Recognizing Bengali Characters and Numbers
Authors: Sikder Juel Sikder , Datta Nippon Datta , Das Rahul Kanti Das 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Bengali is one of the world's most widely spoken languages. But it is a challenging issue to recognize Bengali Alphabet and Numbers from handwritten documents. It has 50 fundamental alphabets and 10 Fundamental Numbers. Because of their diverse sizes, similarities between alphabets, and distinct writing methods, recognizing the Bengali handwritten Alphabet and Numbers is a difficult task. In this research, a deep learning-based approach is proposed combining CNN-BiLSTM for recognizing Bengali Alphabets as well as Numbers and the classification is followed by a multi-support vector machine (M-SVM). We introduced a dataset named Bengali Handwritten Alphabet and Numbers (BHAN-2022) dataset which was applied to evaluate the perfection of the proposed system. A Morphological Operation is also used before testing the input image which assists the model to remove the unnecessary part from the input image. The experimental findings show that the suggested model recognizes Bengali handwritten Alphabets as well as Numbers with an average accuracy of 97.08%.
Comparison of the isocenter verification methods and calculating imaging offset of medical linear accelerators.
Authors: Bąk Olga , Świątek Katarzyna , Paluszyńska Marta 
Published: December 2022

The aim of the presented work was to compare two methods of verification of the medical accelerator’s isocenter and determine the imaging offset. Two methods were used for verification - Machine Performence Check (MPC) application with the IsoCal phantom and the Artiscan software with the PTW Isoball Phantom. Each of the analyzed methods provides an alternative way to the time-consuming and costly verification of the isocenter on radiochromic or gafchromic dosimetry films.
Measurements were performed for ten days and the obtained data were compared for both methods. Using statistical tests, concordance was determined for the results obtained by the two methods. The data were presented in trend function graphs.
Analysis of the results shows that it is not possible to unequivocally state that the methods are not equivalent. In addition, the AAPM TG 142 report assumes that MPC is not a sufficient test for checking medical linear accelerator’s isocentre.
Bronchiectasis Among Adult First Nations Indigenous People - A Scoping
Review
Authors: Heraganahally Subash S. , Howarth Timothy , Heraganahally Sanjana S. 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Among First Nations adults living in OECD nations bronchiectasis appears at a particularly heightened rate, due to high childhood incidence, and high prevalence of associated risk factors. To date, however, the extent of the bronchiectasis disease burden among adult First Na-tions people has not been formally assessed.

Methods:
Two databases (Pubmed and Scopus) were reviewed for English literature published from January 2000 to March 2022 pertaining to bronchiectasis among adult First Nations indigenous people residing in OECD nations. All studies that reported on prevalence, incidence, or outcomes (i.e., hospitalisations, mortality) directly associated with bronchiectasis were included. Studies that did not provide indigenous specific, bronchiectasis specific data, or were paediatric studies were ex-cluded. Participant numbers and demographics, bronchiectasis prevalence or incidence, respiratory comorbidities and outcomes including mortality, hospitalisations or univariate or multivariate mod-elling to describe the risk of bronchiectasis and outcomes were tabulated.

Results:
Twenty-five studies were included, drawn from Australia (n=16), New Zealand (n=7) and North America (n=1), with most studies (n=21) reporting on referred populations. A median num-ber of participants was 241 (range 31 to 1765) (excluding nationwide hospitalisation datasets (n=3)) with a mean age of 48.4 years, and 55% females. The hospital admission rate for bronchiectasis was 3.5x to 5x higher among Māori compared to non-Māori New Zealanders, and 5x higher in indige-nous compared to non-indigenous Australians. Mortality ranged from 10 to 56% on follow-up.

Conclusion:
Bronchiectasis disease burden is higher among adult First Nations indigenous popula-tions, presenting earlier with high mortality and hospitalisation rate. Further studies are required to address this inequality.
Comparison of Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes Among COVID-19 and
Healthy Pregnant Women in the West of Iran: A Retrospective Cohort
Study
Authors: Radnia Nahid , Alimohammadi Neda , Garousian Maryam , Talebi-Ghane Elaheh , Basiri Behnaz , Bashirian Saeed , Eskandarlo Tahereh , Daneshvar Fariba 
Published: December 2022

Background:
In the COVID-19 epidemic, pregnant women, fetuses, and newborns are a
high-risk population that is more susceptible than the general population. These groups are more susceptible to serious respiratory illnesses and pneumonia because of their weakened immune systems.
This study compared maternal and neonatal outcomes in postpartum women with COVID-19 with
similar healthy women at the hospital

Study Design and Methods:
In this retrospective cohort study, the characteristics of 100 pregnant
women with COVID-19 (confirmed by a positive PCR test during pregnancy) were compared to 150
healthy pregnant women who were referred to Fatemieh Hospital in Hamadan from March, 2020 to
February, 2021. The maternal and neonatal outcomes were collected from the medical record of patients and analyzed using SPSS software (Ver. 26).

Results:
No significant differences were observed in the average ages (± standard deviation) of the
two groups of COVID-19 (30.25 ± 6.24 years) and healthy (29.48 ± 6.73 years) women. In this study,
pregnant women were infected with COVID-19 from weeks 7 to 41 of gestation, with a median infection time of 35 weeks. The odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of pre-eclampsia and preterm birth
was significantly higher in women with COVID-19 than in healthy women with the following values
2.79 (1.61, 7.34) and 22.26 (2.86, 173.33), respectively.

Conclusion:
Pregnant women suffering from COVID-19 had considerably greater rates of gestational
issues, neonatal difficulties, pre-eclampsia, and premature delivery, according to the findings of this
study. During epidemics, it is advised that pregnant women and their newborns receive more basic
care.
Psychological Conditions among Nurses in Caring for the COVID-19 Patients: A Study from Referral Hospitals of Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Husna Cut , Safitri Nanda Anni , Amalia Riski 
Published: December 2022

Introduction:
Nurses as frontline health care providers during the COVID-19 pandemic were at high risk and vulnerable to virus infection. Physical and mental conditions in caring for COVID-19 patients in hospitals may be associated with the exacerbation of the nurses experiencing depression, anxiety, and stress among the nurses.

Objective:
The study aimed to identify the psychological conditions (depression, anxiety, and stress) among nurses providing clinical assistance in caring for COVID-19 patients.

Methods:
This investigation employed a comparative study with a cross-sectional study design. The respondents were 109 nurses working in the COVID-19 wards in two referral hospitals offering care for COVID-19 patients. Data were collected using the standardized DASS-21 questionnaire and analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U-test.

Results:
The results showed psychological conditions among nurses caring for COVID-19 patients with depression (moderate) among 60.0% and 58.8%, anxiety (severe) at 60,0% and 58.8%, and stress levels (mild) at 56% and 52.9% for hospital A and B, respectively. The study also found no significant difference in depression (p=0.890), anxiety (p=0.846), and stress levels (p=0.806, α=0.05) between the nurses in the COVID-19 wards of the two hospitals.

Conclusion:
The demographic data of nurses, such as age, education level, working experience, hospital facilities, attended workshops/training on the use of personal protective equipment (PPE)/Hazmat, and management of COVID-19 patients might contribute to psychological conditions (depression, anxiety, and stress) among nurses in caring for the COVID-19 patients.
EVALUASI PROGRAM TERAPI KOGNITIF PADA ANAK BERHADAPAN HUKUM
Authors: Azis Abdul , Zulaikha Siti 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTIntroduction There are many reasons why a child is in conflict w'itñ th e law, including problems related to his mindset and self-concept so that the child takes deviant actions or the child has a low self-concept. BRSAMPK Handayani, East Jakarta, as tñ e Technical lmplementation Unit of the Indonesian Ministry ofsocial Affairs which serves social rehabilitation, including children in conflict with the law, provides psychosocial therapy, one of which is cognitive therapy. With cognitive therapy, children will be given understanding and education so the t they can change the mindset and perspective of children. The purpose of this study is to describe the evaluation of cognitive therapy for children facing the law at BRSAMPK Handayani.
Methods This study uses a qualitative approach with o descriptive type of research. The data collection techniques used were observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies. Meanwhile, tñ e informants in this study were social workers and children in confiict with the law who became perpetrators and victims.
Results The result of this study is that cognitive therapy conducted at BRSAMPK Handayani, East Jakarta has been well achieved in accordance with the objectives to be achieved. Likewise with the existence of professional staff and infrastructure that support the implementation of cognitive therapy. It can also be seen that there is a change in mindset or a change in negative though ts into positive ones, resulting in changes in children’s behavior.
Kata Kunci : Cognitive therapy, children, Law
ABSTRAK
Pendahuluan Banyak penyebab mengapa seorang anak berhadapan dengan hukum, salah satunya adalah masalah pola pikir dan konsep diri sehingga anak melakukan tindakan yang menyimpang ataupun anak memiliki konsep diri yang rendah. BRSAMPK Handayani Jakarta Timur sebagai unit pelaksana t eknis Kementerian Sosial Republik Indonesia yang melayani rehabilitasi sosial termasuk anak yang berhadapan dengan hukum memberikan terapi psikososial yang salah satunya adalah terapi kognitif. Dengan terapi kognitif anak akan diberikan pemahaman dan edukasi sehingga dapat merubah pola pikir dan cara pandang anak. Tujuan dari peneliuan ini adalah mendeskripsikan evaluasi terapi kognitif pada anak berhadapan hukum di BRSAMPK Handayani.
Metode Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan studi dokumentasi. Sedangkan informan dalam penelitian ini adalah pekerja sosial dan anak berhadapan hukum yang menjadi pelaku dan korban.
Hasil penelitian ini adalah terapi kognitif yang dilakukan di BRSAMPK Handayani Jakarta Timur sudah tercapai dengan baik sesuai dengan tujuan yang ingin dicapai. Begitu juga dengan adanya staf yang profesional dan sarana prasarana yang menunjang pelaksanaan terapi
WORKSHOP DAN PENYULUHAN ASESMEN KOGNITIF DAN NONKOGNITIF KURIKULUM PROTOTIPE KEPADA GURU-GURU DI KABUPATEN SUBANG
Authors: Isnaini Heri , Mustika R. Ika 
Published: December 2022

Kurikulum prototipe atau kurikulum 2022 menjadi tongkat estafet penyempurnaan kurikulum yang digunakan di Indonesia. Kurikulum prototipe memiliki keunikan dan kekhasan tersendiri dibandingkan kurikulum-kurikulum sebelumnya, di antaranya dalam bentuk asesmen. Kurikulum prototipe mengenal dua bentuk asesmen, yakni asesmen kognitif dan nonkognitif. Kedua jenis asesmen ini menitikberatkan pada pembentukan siswa secara komprehensif, yakni membentuk pribadi siswa yang hebat secara intelektual dan kuat dalam karakter. Penerapan kurikulum prototipe ini diharapakan menjadi penghela pendidikan Indonesia dalam menyongsong Indonesia Emas 2045. Artikel ini merupakan hasil program PPM (Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat) yang diselenggarakan oleh IKIP Siliwangi dan PGRI (Persatuan Guru Republik Indonesia) Kabupaten Subang. Penyuluhan dilaksanakan pada tanggal 11-12 Februari 2022 dengan peserta para guru dari berbagai tingkatan di Kabupaten Subang. Adapun tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah memberikan penyuluhan dan workshop pembuatan asesmen kognitif dan nonkognitif sesuai dengan kurikulum prototipe. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan melalui seminar panel dengan cara memaparkan materi, diskusi aktif, dan workshop membuat asesmen dengan menggunakan aplikasi Rayvila Quiz Maker. Hasil kegiatan ini menunjukkan peserta antusias dan dapat mengikuti kegiatan sampai selesai. Hal-hal lain dari kegiatan ini menggambarkan guru-guru di Kabupaten Subang memiliki semangat yang kuat untuk memahami kurikulum prototipe dan berusaha mengaplikasikannya dengan metode pembelajaran abad 21. Dengan demikian, kegiatan PPM yang dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Subang berhasil mengenalkan jenis asesmen kurikulum prototipe dan berupaya menjadikan pendidikan sebagai tolok ukur kemajuan bangsa dan negara Indonesia. Kata Kunci : asesmen, kurikulum, kognitif-nonkognitif, kurikulum prototipe
Associations of mid- and late-life severe hypoglycemic episodes with incident dementia among patients with type 2 diabetes: A population-based cohort study
Authors: Alkabbani Wajd , Maxwell Colleen J , Marrie Ruth Ann , Tyas Suzanne L , Lega Iliana C , Gamble John-Michael 
Published: December 2022

<p> </p>
<p><strong>Objective:</strong> Severe hypoglycemia is associated with an increased risk of dementia. We examined if the association is consistently present for mid-life and late-life hypoglycemia. </p>
<p><strong>Methods:</strong> Using healthcare data from Population Data BC, we created a base cohort of patients with incident type-2 diabetes aged ≥40 years. Exposure was the first occurrence of severe hypoglycemia (hospitalization or physician visit). We assessed exposure vs no exposure in mid-life (age 45-64) and late-life (age 65-84) cohorts. Index date was the later of the 45th birthday (mid-life cohort), 65th birthday (late-life cohort) or diabetes diagnosis. Those with hypoglycemia or dementia before index date were excluded. Patients were followed from index date until dementia diagnosis, death, emigration or December 31, 2018. Exposure was modeled as time-dependent. We adjusted for confounding using propensity score weighting. Dementia risk was estimated using cause-specific hazards models with death as a competing risk. </p>
<p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 221,683 patients in the mid-life cohort, 1,793 experienced their first severe hypoglycemic event. Over a median of 9.14 years, 3,117 dementia outcomes occurred (32 among exposed). Of 223,940 patients in the late-life cohort, 2,466 experienced their first severe hypoglycemic event. Over a median of 6.7 years, 15,997 dementia outcomes occurred (158 among exposed). The rate of dementia was higher for those with (vs. without) hypoglycemia in both the mid-life (hazard ratio, 95% confidence interval=2.85, 1.72-4.72) and late-life (2.38, 1.83-3.11) cohorts.</p>
<p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both mid-life and late-life hypoglycemia were associated with approximately double the risk of dementia, indicating the need for prevention throughout the life-course of diabetes. </p>