bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Panel of serum biomarkers (GastroPanel) in diagnosis of atrophic gastritis and Helicobacter pylori infection: a protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wu Dan , Shi Anya , Wang Haiping , Yu Xiuzhong 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe aetiology of gastric cancer is still unclear but Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection and chronic atrophic gastritis (AG) are recognised as two major risk factors for gastric cancer. GastroPanel (GP) test is the first non-invasive diagnostic tool to detect AG and HP infection.The aim of the study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to review published literature about the GP test for diagnosing AG and HP infection, with the objective of estimating the diagnostic performance indices of GP for AG and HP infection.Methods and analysisThis protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis is reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols statement guidelines. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases will be systematically searched from inception to March 2022 for eligible studies. No language limitations were imposed. The studies will be downloaded into the EndNote V.X9 software and duplicates will be removed. Two review authors independently screened the full text against the inclusion criteria, extracted the data from each included study by using a piloted data extraction form and conducted risk of bias assessment, resolving disagreement by discussion. Results will be synthesised narratively in summary tables, using a random-effect bivariate model, and we fit a hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic curve.Ethics and disseminationThis systematic review will include data extracted form published studies, therefore, does not require ethics approval. The results of this study will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021282616.
Process of pain assessment in people with dementia living in nursing homes: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Overen Caroline Kreppen , Larsson Maria , Hillestad Adelheid Hummelvoll , Eriksen Siren 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPain is a common symptom in people with dementia; untreated, it reduces quality of life and causes suffering. People with dementia living in nursing homes most often have dementia in moderate to severe stages. The cognitive impairment, including language and communication difficulties, challenges pain assessment. Since pain is a subjective experience, self-reporting is the gold standard of assessment methods. Healthcare professionals are advised to help people with dementia communicate about their pain. The proposed scoping review is the first step in the development of a systematic pain assessment model for people with dementia living in nursing homes. The scoping review aims to identify, categorise and summarise knowledge on how pain assessment processes in this population are described in the literature, with a special focus on self-reporting.Methods and analysisThe scoping review will be conducted following the six-stage framework developed by Arksey and O’Malley, in addition to recent methodological developments. Systematic searches in CINAHL, Embase, Medline and PsycInfo will be conducted. The protocol follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklists, and the scoping review will adhere to the PRISMA-ScR checklist. The review will include research that concerns assessment of pain in people with dementia living in nursing homes. Studies will be evaluated for quality and ethical standards. The analysis process will follow Bradbury-Jones et al’s PAGER framework. Patterns will be formed using thematic analysis. An overview of advances, gaps, evidence for practice and research recommendations associated with each pattern will be prepared. The research questions and results will be presented to and discussed in a reference group comprising nursing home residents, relatives, healthcare professionals and nursing home managers.Ethics and disseminationThe scoping review aims to collect and summarise data from available publications and does not require ethical approval. The final manuscript will be submitted to a peer-reviewed, open-access journal.Registration in open science frameworkhttps://osf.io/8kaf5/
Investigating households’ out-of-pocket healthcare expenditures based on number of chronic conditions in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study using quantile regression approach
Authors: Almalki Ziyad S , Alahmari Abdullah K , Alshehri Ahmed M , Altowaijri Abdulaziz , Alluhidan Mohammed , Ahmed Nehad , AlAbdulsalam Abdulhakim S , Alsaiari Khalid H , Alrashidi Meshari A , Alghusn Abdulrahman G , Alqahtani Ali S , Alzarea Abdulaziz I , Alanazi Mona A , Alqahtani Abdulhadi M 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesThis study investigated the level and associated factors, focusing on the number of individuals with chronic conditions, of out-of-pocket healthcare expenditures (OOPHE).DesignA cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2021 to June 2021.SettingRiyadh Province, Saudi Arabia.ParticipantsA total of 1176 households that used any healthcare services at least once in the past 3 months.Outcome measuresThe OOPHE incurred in the previous 3-month period when a household member is receiving health services. The effects of predisposing, enabling and need factors on the level of OOPHE. The association between the number of individuals with chronic conditions in a household and OOPHE along with the OOPHE distribution.ResultsThe average household OOPHE among all the surveyed households (n=1176) was SAR1775.30. For households affected by one chronic condition, OOPHE was SAR1806, and for households affected by more than one chronic condition, OOPHE was SAR2704. If the head of the household was older, better educated and employed, they were more vulnerable to a higher OOPHE (p<0.0001). At the household level, the increased number of family members with chronic conditions, the presence of a member less than 14 years old, higher socioeconomic status, coverage from health insurance plans, residence in an urban area and the presence of a member with a disability in the household were correlated with a considerably greater level of OOPHE (p<0.0001). The result of quantile regression analysis indicates that an increase in the number of members with chronic conditions in a household was significantly associated with greater overall OOPHE at higher health expenditure quantiles.ConclusionsThe burden of OOPHE on households with chronic conditions remains heavy, and some disparities still exist. The number of individuals with chronic conditions in a household plays a substantial and prominent role in increasing the risk of incurring OOPHE.
Single-cell transcriptomics identifies pathogenic T-helper 17.1 cells and pro-inflammatory monocytes in immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis
Authors: Franken Amelie , Van Mol Pierre , Vanmassenhove Sam , Donders Elena , Schepers Rogier , Van Brussel Thomas , Dooms Christophe , Yserbyt Jonas , De Crem Nico , Testelmans Dries , De Wever Walter , Nackaerts Kristiaan , Vansteenkiste Johan , Vos Robin , Humblet-Baron Stéphanie , Lambrechts Diether , Wauters Els 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-related pneumonitis is the most frequent fatal immune-related adverse event associated with programmed cell death protein-1/programmed death ligand-1 blockade. The pathophysiology however remains largely unknown, owing to limited and contradictory findings in existing literature pointing at either T-helper 1 or T-helper 17-mediated autoimmunity. In this study, we aimed to gain novel insights into the mechanisms of ICI-related pneumonitis, thereby identifying potential therapeutic targets.MethodsIn this prospective observational study, single-cell RNA and T-cell receptor sequencing was performed on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of 11 patients with ICI-related pneumonitis and 6 demographically-matched patients with cancer without ICI-related pneumonitis. Single-cell transcriptomic immunophenotyping and cell fate mapping coupled to T-cell receptor repertoire analyses were performed.ResultsWe observed enrichment of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in ICI-pneumonitis bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The CD4+ T-cell compartment showed an increase of pathogenic T-helper 17.1 cells, characterized by high co-expression ofTBX21(encoding T-bet) and RORC (ROR-γ),IFN-G(IFN-γ),IL-17A,CSF2(GM-CSF), and cytotoxicity genes. Type 1 regulatory T cells and naïve-like CD4+ T cells were also enriched. Within the CD8+ T-cell compartment, mainly effector memory T cells were increased. Correspondingly, myeloid cells in ICI-pneumonitis bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were relatively depleted of anti-inflammatory resident alveolar macrophages while pro-inflammatory ‘M1-like’ monocytes (expressingTNF,IL-1B,IL-6,IL-23A,and GM-CSF receptorCSF2RA, CSF2RB) were enriched compared with control samples. Importantly, a feedforward loop, in which GM-CSF production by pathogenic T-helper 17.1 cells promotes tissue inflammation and IL-23 production by pro-inflammatory monocytes and vice versa, has been well characterized in multiple autoimmune disorders but has never been identified in ICI-related pneumonitis.ConclusionsUsing single-cell transcriptomics, we identified accumulation of pathogenic T-helper 17.1 cells in ICI-pneumonitis bronchoalveolar lavage fluid—a phenotype explaining previous divergent findings on T-helper 1 versus T-helper 17 involvement in ICI-pneumonitis—,putatively engaging in detrimental crosstalk with pro-inflammatory ‘M1-like’ monocytes. This finding yields several novel potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of ICI-pneumonitis. Most notably repurposing anti-IL-23 merits further research as a potential efficacious and safe treatment for ICI-pneumonitis.
Prediction of atrial fibrillation using a home blood pressure monitor with a high-resolution system
Authors: Hiyoshi Yasunaga , Hashimoto Hidenobu , Kabuki Takayuki , Toda Mikihito , Sakurada Harumizu 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveThe usefulness of screening for atrial fibrillation (AF) using several home blood pressure (BP) monitors has been reported. We evaluated the accuracy of a high-resolution system (HiRS) for AF prediction and its usefulness when installed in home BP monitors.MethodsIn patients with paroxysmal, persistent or permanent AF, ECG recording and BP measurements were performed simultaneously. The relationship between ECG rhythm diagnosis and pulse irregularity recognition, using a home BP monitor with HiRS, was investigated. The severity of a pulse disturbance during BP measurement was displayed as an irregular pulse rhythm symbol (IPRS) in three instances. The IPRS was not displayed if the pulse was regular, turned on if there was a weak variation in the pulse, and blinked if there was a strong variation in the pulse.ResultsOne hundred and seven patients (44 paroxysmal AF, 63 persistent or permanent AF) were enrolled, and a total of 333 recordings were analysed. The rhythms recorded by each ECG were 73 sinus regular rhythms, 35 extrasystoles, 222 AFs and 3 atrial flutters. Sensitivity and specificity for the prediction of any arrhythmia by the IPRS display of the BP monitor were 95.8% (95% CI 92.6% to 97.6%) and 96.8% (95% CI 92.6% to 100%), respectively. In addition, sensitivity and specificity for the prediction of AF were 100% (95% CI 97.5% to 100%) and 74.8% (95% CI 65.6% to 82.5%), respectively. Sensitivity and specificity for the prediction of AF by the IPRS blinking display were 88.3% (95% CI 83.3% to 92.2%) and 94.6% (95% CI 88.6% to 98.0%%), respectively. IPRS exhibited lighting or blinking during AF occurrence; however, during sinus rhythm, IPRS was not displayed in 72 out of 73 recordings.ConclusionThe IPRS device predicted AF with precision and may be particularly useful for predicting an arrhythmia attack in patients with paroxysmal AF.
Is the association of QTc with atrial fibrillation and stroke in cohort studies a matter of time?
Authors: Radnahad Navid , Ehrlinder Hanne , Leander Karin , Engdahl Johan , Wallén Håkan , Gigante Bruna 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesTo investigate the association of the heart rate-corrected QT interval (QTc) with the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) and ischaemic stroke.MethodsWe estimated the risk of AF and ischaemic stroke associated with QTc duration (ms) by Cox regression in study participants from the cohort of 60-year-old men and women from Stockholm (60YO) (n=4232). Univariate and multivariate adjusted risk estimates were expressed as HR and 95% CI. Main results were validated in elderly patients with AF, included in the Carebbean-e study, where an ECG in sinus rhythm (SR) (ECG-SR) recorded before the ECG diagnostic for (ECG-AF) was available (n=803). We estimated the correlation between the time interval (years) between the ECG-SR and ECG-AF with the QTc duration, by the Spearman correlation coefficient (rho).ResultsIn the 60YO, the highest QTc duration quartile (>427 ms) associated with the AF risk (n=435) with a multivariable adjusted HR of 1.68 and 95% CI (1.26 to 2.24). No association was observed with ischaemic stroke. In the Carebbean-e study, no significant association was observed between the QTc duration measured on the ECG-SR and risk of ischaemic stroke during follow-up. QTc duration showed an inverse correlation (rho: −0.26, p<0.0001) with the time interval intercurred between ECG-SR and ECG-AF.ConclusionsThe association of QTc duration with AF risk might depend on the time interval between the QTc measurement and the clinical diagnosis of AF. No association was observed between QTc duration and ischaemic stroke.
Habitat suitability or female availability? What influences males’ home-range size in a neotropical montane lizard?
Authors: Ventura Stefânia , Vaclav Amadeus , Pinheiro Luan , Passos Daniel , de Paulo Gustavo , Batista Jorge , Pinto Jorge Luis , Galdino Conrado 
Published: September 2022

In many species, the shape, size, and location of home ranges depend on the spatial positioning of resources. Therefore, evaluating the resources and conditions related to the space use of individuals can provide crucial information on the species’ ecology and sociobiology. In this study, we evaluated factors shaping the use of space by the lizard Tropidurus montanus M.T. Rodrigues, 1987 and assessed how the distribution of resources can affect the size of the home range and how the quality of the male's home range can influence the number of associated females. We hypothesized that ( i) males with a larger body size would have a higher-quality home range, and ( ii) there would be a positive relationship between the home-range size and home-range quality of males and the number of associated females. Our results suggest that males, females, and juveniles adopt different strategies. While females and juveniles have relatively small home ranges located in more suitable locations, males invest in larger home ranges, including in lower-quality habitat patches. Our results suggest that males increase their home ranges to incorporate resources females prefer, enlarging the number of females in their harems.
Discovery prospects for long-lived multiply charged particles at the LHC
Authors: Altakach Mohammad Mahdi , Lamba Priyanka , Masełek Rafał , Mitsou Vasiliki A. , Sakurai Kazuki 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this work, we aim to provide a comprehensive and largely model independent investigation on prospects to detect long-lived multiply charged particles at the LHC. We consider particles with spin 0 and $$\frac{1}{2}$$

1
2

, with electric charges in range $$1 \le |Q/e| \le 8$$

1
≤
|
Q
/
e
|
≤
8

, which are singlet or triplet under $$SU(3)_C$$

S
U

(
3
)

C

. Such particles might be produced as particle-antiparticle pairs and propagate through detectors, or form a positronium (quarkonium)-like bound state. We consider both possibilities and estimate lower mass bounds on new particles, that can be provided by ATLAS, CMS and MoEDAL experiments at the end of Run 3 and HL-LHC data taking periods. We find out that the sensitivities of ATLAS and CMS are generally stronger than those of MoEDAL at Run 3, while they may be competitive at HL-LHC for $$3 \lesssim |Q/e| \lesssim 7$$

3
≲
|
Q
/
e
|
≲
7

for all types of long-lived particles we consider.
Scaled affine quantization of $$\varphi ^4_4$$ in the low temperature limit
Authors: Fantoni Riccardo , Klauder John R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe prove through Monte Carlo analysis that the covariant Euclidean scalar field theory, $$\varphi ^r_n$$

φ
n
r

, where r denotes the power of the interaction term and $$n = s + 1$$

n
=
s
+
1

where s is the spatial dimension and 1 adds imaginary time, such that $$r = n = 4$$

r
=
n
=
4

can be acceptably quantized using scaled affine quantization and the resulting theory is nontrivial and renormalizable even at low temperatures in the highly quantum regime.
Treg-Dominant Tumor Microenvironment Is Responsible for Hyperprogressive Disease after PD-1 Blockade Therapy
Authors: Wakiyama Hiroaki , Kato Takuya , Furusawa Aki , Okada Ryuhei , Inagaki Fuyuki , Furumoto Hideyuki , Fukushima Hiroshi , Okuyama Shuhei , Choyke Peter L. , Kobayashi Hisataka 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) blockade therapy can result in dramatic responses in some patients with cancer. However, about 15% of patients receiving PD-1 blockade therapy experience rapid tumor progression, a phenomenon termed “hyperprogressive disease” (HPD). The mechanism(s) underlying HPD has been difficult to uncover because HPD is challenging to reproduce in animal models. Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a method by which specific cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) can be selectively depleted without disturbing other cells in the TME. In this study, we partially depleted CD8+ T cells with NIR-PIT by targeting the CD8β antigen thereby temporarily changing the balance of T-cell subsets in two different syngeneic tumor models. PD-1 blockade in these models led to rapid tumor progression compared with controls. CD3ε+CD8α+/CD3ε+CD4+FoxP3+ (Teff/Treg) ratios in the PD-1 and NIR-PIT groups were lower than in controls. Moreover, in a bilateral tumor model, low-dose CD8β-targeted NIR-PIT with anti–PD-1 blockade showed rapid tumor progression only in the tumor exposed to NIR light. In this experiment CD8β-targeted NIR-PIT in the exposed tumor reduced local CD8+ T cells resulting in a regulatory T-cell (Treg)–dominant TME. In conclusion, this reports an animal model to simulate the Treg-dominant TME, and the data generated using the model suggest that HPD after PD-1 blockade therapy can be attributed, at least in part, to imbalances between effector T cells and Tregs in the TME.
Automated metadata annotation: What is and is not possible with machine learning
Authors: Wu Mingfang , Brandhorst Hans , Marinescu Maria-Cristina , Lopez Joaquim More , Hlava Margorie , Busch Joseph 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTAutomated metadata annotation is only as good as training dataset, or rules that are available for the domain. It's important to learn what type of data content a pre-trained machine learning algorithm has been trained on to understand its limitations and potential biases. Consider what type of content is readily available to train an algorithm—what's popular and what's available. However, scholarly and historical content is often not available in consumable, homogenized, and interoperable formats at the large volume that is required for machine learning. There are exceptions such as science and medicine, where large, well documented collections are available. This paper presents the current state of automated metadata annotation in cultural heritage and research data, discusses challenges identified from use cases, and proposes solutions.
Coercive Names: Interpreting Mark 5:1–13 with Althusser’s “Interpellation”
Authors: Kimmel Joseph 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This article addresses a significant lacuna in Markan studies—and specifically in scholarship on Mark 5:1–13—by reading the exorcistic encounter between Jesus and Legion through the hermeneutic lens of Louis Althusser’s interpellation theory. The article shows how interpellation provides a compelling way to account for the dynamics of exorcism displayed in this passage, especially in regard to the power of proper names. That is, moving beyond a superficial ascription of Jesus’ exorcistic success to his ability to obtain Legion’s name, this article utilizes interpellation theory in order to show why this onomastic obtainment is such a game-changer and how the process of requesting another’s name effectively interpellates Legion, securing the spirit within an ideology of relative weakness vis-à-vis Jesus. Alongside this analysis of Mark 5:1–13, this article also discusses the comparative relevance of certain pgm spells (e.g., I.222–31, iv.2251–53, 2343–45, and viii.1–63) and the enduring role of interpellation in contemporary hierarchies.
How prepared are people for their future? Findings from the Preparedness for the Future survey
Authors: Heyland Daren K. , Pope J. Paige , Jiang Xuran , Day Andrew G. 
Published: September 2022

Objective: People are living longer than ever before. Many arrive at a later stage of life in poor health and with inadequate financial and social resources. The purpose of this paper is to describe people’s general state of preparedness for their future as older persons, identify specific attitudes towards ageing and key characteristics that portend a lesser degree of preparedness, and identify the issues that need greater emphasis. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Setting: 502 adult participants enlisted on an online polling panel in Canada. Methods: Demographics, attitudes towards the future self and ageing and the responses to the ‘Preparedness for the Future Questionnaire’ (Prep-FQ) were analysed. Descriptive statistics were used to highlight overall and domain scores (possible score 0–100). Regression models were used to link key demographic characteristics and attitudes to a lower Prep FQ score. Results: The average age of participants was 54.1 years old (range 30–91). The majority (97%) felt it was important to think about themselves as an older person, yet less than 25% of people regularly spent time thinking about what it would be like for them as an older person. The average score on the Prep FQ was 61.6 (range 25–99). Items with the lowest scores were related to advance serious illness planning (medical care, funeral and legacy planning). Factors associated with a higher Prep FQ score included being female, having more education, thinking about when they are older and feeling positive about themselves as an older person. Conclusion: Helping people think and plan ahead more for healthy ageing may help some people move forward with confidence in creating a long, high-quality life and high-quality death. Helping ‘at-risk’ people plan for serious illness in advance is a high-priority target for improving people’s general state of preparedness for the future.