bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diet‐wide association study of 92 foods and nutrients and lung cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study and the Netherlands Cohort Study
Authors: Heath Alicia K. , Muller David C. , van den Brandt Piet A. , Critselis Elena , Gunter Marc , Vineis Paolo , Weiderpass Elisabete , Boeing Heiner , Ferrari Pietro , Merritt Melissa A. , Rostgaard‐Hansen Agnetha L. , Tjønneland Anne , Overvad Kim , Katzke Verena , Srour Bernard , Masala Giovanna , Sacerdote Carlotta , Ricceri Fulvio , Pasanisi Fabrizio , Bueno‐de‐Mesquita Bas , Downward George S. , Skeie Guri , Sandanger Torkjel M. , Crous‐Bou Marta , Rodríguez‐Barranco Miguel , Amiano Pilar , Huerta José María , Ardanaz Eva , Drake Isabel , Johansson Mikael , Johansson Ingegerd , Key Tim , Papadimitriou Nikos , Riboli Elio , Tzoulaki Ioanna , Tsilidis Konstantinos K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIt is unclear whether diet, and in particular certain foods or nutrients, are associated with lung cancer risk. We assessed associations of 92 dietary factors with lung cancer risk in 327 790 participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Cox regression yielded adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) per SD higher intake/day of each food/nutrient. Correction for multiple comparisons was performed using the false discovery rate and identified associations were evaluated in the Netherlands Cohort Study (NLCS). In EPIC, 2420 incident lung cancer cases were identified during a median of 15 years of follow‐up. Higher intakes of fibre (HR per 1 SD higher intake/day = 0.91, 95% CI 0.87‐0.96), fruit (HR = 0.91, 95% CI 0.86‐0.96) and vitamin C (HR = 0.91, 95% CI 0.86‐0.96) were associated with a lower risk of lung cancer, whereas offal (HR = 1.08, 95% CI 1.03‐1.14), retinol (HR = 1.06, 95% CI 1.03‐1.10) and beer/cider (HR = 1.04, 95% CI 1.02‐1.07) intakes were positively associated with lung cancer risk. Associations did not differ by sex and there was less evidence for associations among never smokers. None of the six associations with overall lung cancer risk identified in EPIC were replicated in the NLCS (2861 cases), however in analyses of histological subtypes, inverse associations of fruit and vitamin C with squamous cell carcinoma were replicated in the NLCS. Overall, there is little evidence that intakes of specific foods and nutrients play a major role in primary lung cancer risk, but fruit and vitamin C intakes seem to be inversely associated with squamous cell lung cancer.
Export creation of the Belt and Road Initiative: “Give‐them‐a‐fish” or “Teach‐them‐to‐fish”?
Authors: Chen Yu , Zhang Yan , Zhao Lin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) initiated by China in 2013 is a new experiment in regional cooperation, which aims to improve infrastructure connectivity through investment. This paper investigates whether the BRI created exports for its member states (excluding China), based on a difference‐in‐differences model. We find a significant causal relationship between the signing of the initiative and the export growth of its member states. In addition to the large export creation between the BRI countries and China (considered as “give‐them‐a‐fish”), export creation also originated from the BRI countries excluding China (“teach‐them‐to‐fish”). Both the intensive and extensive margins are significantly important, indicating that export creation has not just come from expansion of the volume of existing products, but also from new products and new markets. The BRI achieved the goal of mutual benefit mainly through enlisting investment in both publicly funded infrastructure sectors and private sectors. Moreover, the initiative has enhanced the position and participation of its member states in the global value chain.
An initial examination of the associations between appearance‐related safety behaviors, socioemotional, and body dysmorphia symptoms during adolescence
Authors: Bilsky Sarah A. , Olson Emily K. , Luber Maxwell J. , Petell Jennifer A. , Friedman Hannah P. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionAdolescence is characterized by the onset of a relatively specific set of socioemotional disorders (i.e., depression, generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, and eating disorders) as well as body dysmorphia symptoms. Appearance‐related concerns are a central feature of these disorders. Emerging evidence in adults suggests that appearance‐related safety behaviors may play an instrumental role in the onset and maintenance of a number of disorders. To date, no work has examined appearance‐related safety behaviors during adolescence. The present study examined the extent to which appearance‐related safety behaviors may be associated with socioemotional and body dysmorphia symptoms during adolescence.MethodsAdolescents between the ages of 13 and 17 years old (N = 387, Mage = 14.82 years, 31.3% identified as male, 47.0% identified as female, and 19.1% identified as nonbinary/third gender, 2.6% declined to report gender identity) completed measures assessing negative affect, anxiety‐relevant safety behavior use, cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression, appearance‐related safety behaviors, body dysmorphia symptoms, and socioemotional symptoms. Structural Equation Modeling was used to test hypotheses.ResultsThe results of this study suggest that appearance‐related safety behaviors evidenced associations with latent factors corresponding to affective (i.e., depression, generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety), eating disorders, and body dysmorphia symptoms after controlling for previously established vulnerability factors.ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate that appearance‐related safety behaviors may evidence transdiagnostic associations with socioemotional symptoms and body dysmorphia symptoms during adolescence.
Cytotoxicity of lycopene‐mediated silver nanoparticles in the embryonic development of zebrafish—An animal study
Authors: Garapati Bhavana , Malaiappan Sankari , Rajeshkumar S. , Murthykumar Karthikeyan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNano‐silver (AgNP) has biological properties which are significant for consumer products, food technology, and medical applications (e.g., wound care products, implantable medical devices, in diagnosis, drug delivery, and imaging). Thus, the use of nano‐silver is becoming more and more widespread in medicine. However, the effect of these AgNPs on zebrafish remains unclear. Whereas, lycopene, a fat‐soluble carotenoid acts as a potent antioxidant has proved its major role in treating many oral health problems such as lichen planus, and periodontitis. Usage of these lycopene AgNPs would yield better results in wound healing. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxic effects of AgNPs on fibroblasts cells of humans. To investigate the toxic effects of the lycopene‐mediated AgNPs on the zebrafish (Danio rerio) and to examine these effects on the embryonic development of the fetus of this species. In this study, zebrafish embryos were treated with AgNPs 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 L nanoparticles/ml for 24 to 96 h post fertilization. Our results showed that with the increasing concentration of nanoparticles, there was a very mild toxic effect. Less toxic effects were observed with 1μl. Our results show that exposure to silver nanoparticles is less toxic to embryonic zebrafish at lower concentrations. The results will contribute to the current understanding of the potential biotoxic effects of nanoparticles and will aid in the safety assessment and synthesis of silver oxide nanoparticles.
An overview on microglial origin, distribution, and phenotype in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Islam Rezwanul , Choudhary Hadi , Rajan Robin , Vrionis Frank , Hanafy Khalid A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease that is responsible for about one‐third of dementia cases worldwide. It is believed that AD is initiated with the deposition of Ab plaques in the brain. Genetic studies have shown that a high number of AD risk genes are expressed by microglia, the resident macrophages of brain. Common mode of action by microglia cells is neuroinflammation and phagocytosis. Moreover, it has been discovered that inflammatory marker levels are increased in AD patients. Recent studies advocate that neuroinflammation plays a major role in AD progression. Microglia have different activation profiles depending on the region of brain and stimuli. In different activation, profile microglia can generate either pro‐inflammatory or anti‐inflammatory responses. Microglia defend brain cells from pathogens and respond to injuries; also, microglia can lead to neuronal death along the way. In this review, we will bring the different roles played by microglia and microglia‐related genes in the progression of AD.
Shifting paradigm of urban sustainability: Major sustainable city development trends in the East Asian context
Authors: Zou Xiaolong , Zhao Ruixi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOver the past one and a half centuries, urbanization has coincided with industrialization and globalization. The business as usual mode of urban development has proven unsustainable, and the consensus of developing new paradigms toward more sustainable trajectories has been reached. This paper reviews and identifies the most prominent forms of sustainable urban development, encompassing theories of urban frameworks, major definitions and concepts and historical developments in the East Asian context. Three major trends are assessed, including garden cities (and eco‐cities), low‐carbon cities and smart cities, which identify each main phase of sustainable urbanization in the East Asian context.
Development and characterization of an inducible assay system to measure Zika virus capsid interactions
Authors: Yu Jieshi , Huang Chen , Wang Zhao , Kaushik Radhey S. , Sheng Zizhang , Li Feng , Wang Dan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe global spread of the mosquito‐borne Zika virus (ZIKV) infection and its complications including Guillain‐Barré syndrome and fetus microcephaly in 2015 have made ZIKV as a significant public health threat. The capsid protein plays crucial roles in ZIKV replication and thus represents an attractive therapeutic target. However, inhibitors of ZIKV capsid assembly have not been rigorously identified due to the lack of a target‐based screening system. In this study, we developed a novel ZIKV capsid interaction method based on a split‐luciferase complementation assay, which can be used to measure and quantify ZIKV capsid–capsid (C–C) interaction by the restored luciferase signal when capsid proteins interact with each other. Furthermore, a Tet‐on inducible stable cell line was generated to screen inhibitors of capsid dimerization. By using of this system, peptides (Pep.15‐24 in the N‐terminal region of ZIKV capsid protein and Pep.44‐58 in the α2 helix of ZIKV capsid protein) were identified to inhibit ZIKV C–C interaction. Overall, this study developed a novel inducible assay system to measure ZIKV capsid interaction and identify ZIKV capsid multimerization inhibitors, which will be applied for future discovery of ZIKV assembly inhibitors.
Determine the vertical ground reaction forces and knee mechanics with different gait inclinations in the sheep model
Authors: Spatholt Rebecca J. , Minoughan Chelsea E. , Gooch Cynthia , Harms Samuel P. , Taylor Michal L. , Galloway Marc T. , Shearn Jason T. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOur current understanding of knee mechanics and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) function is predominately based on data recorded during simulations of clinical examinations or the application of nonphysiologic loads and motions. These methodologies provide little information on knee and ACL mechanics during activities of daily living (ADLs). Additionally, researchers have not directly measured knee kinetics, knee contact pressures, and ACL forces, and it is unknown how these parameters change with different activities. This study quantified the effects of activity level on vertical ground reaction forces, knee kinematics, and joint and ligament forces during in vivo motions. Five female Suffolk sheep were walked twice weekly on a treadmill during level (0°), inclined (+6°), and declined (−6°) gait for 12 weeks. Electromagnetic (EM) trackers were surgically implanted onto the left distal femur and the left proximal tibia, and in vivo motions were recorded for all activities. Following sacrifice, the in vivo motions were applied to their respective knees using a serial robot with a multi‐axis load cell. In vitro simulations were repeated to measure (a) total knee forces, (b) contact pressure maps, and (c) ACL‐only forces. Declining the gait surface led to increased posterior translation during the swing phase and decreased flexion at hoof‐strike, decreased medial contact pressure at push‐off, decreased ACL force at hoof‐strike and increased ACL force at push‐off. This study established a system that can be used to examine knee mechanics and ACL forces during ADLs for different knee states to define design requirements for ACL reconstruction techniques.
Advances in tissues and cells characterization by Raman micro‐spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and tip‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Batista André M. , Foiani Letícia , Champeau Mathilde , Martinho Herculano 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe comprehension of some diseases at the cellular and tissue scale is fundamental for the development of effective treatments for such conditions, and in this regard, Raman micro‐spectoscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and tip‐enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) are techniques that have featured prominently in the characterization of biological materials like cells and tissues, since they allow the acquisition of detailed physical, chemical, biophysical, and physiological properties of the surface of these kind of samples such as elasticity, viscoelasticity, wettability, topography, molecular composition, and others. Due to this, this literature review has as its primary scope the presentation of some of the recent advances and new analysis methodologies using Raman, AFM, and TERS, pointing out what they can offer toward the investigation of the behavior of cells and biological tissues. Limits of usage, drawbacks, and future perspectives are presented and discussed.
Abnormalities of the Width of the Four‐Chamber View and the Area, Length, and Width of the Ventricles to Identify Fetuses at High‐Risk for D‐Transposition of the Great Arteries and Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: DeVore Greggory R. , Cuneo Bettina , Sklansky Mark , Satou Gary 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesThe prenatal detection of D‐Transposition of the great arteries (D‐TGA) and tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) has been reported to be less than 50% to as high as 77% when adding the outflow tracts to the four‐chamber screening protocol. Because many examiners still struggle with the outflow tract examination, this study evaluated whether changes in the size and shape of the heart in the 4CV as well as the ventricles occurred in fetuses with D‐TGA and TOF could be used to screen for these malformations.MethodsForty‐four fetuses with the pre‐and post‐natal diagnosis of D‐TGA and 44 with TOF were evaluated between 19 and 36 weeks of gestation in which the 4CV was imaged. Measurements of the end‐diastolic width, length, area, and global sphericity index were measured for the four‐chamber view and the right and left ventricles. Using z‐score computed values, logistic regression was performed between the 88 study and 200 control fetuses using the hierarchical forward selection protocol.ResultsLogistic regression identified 10 variables that correctly classified 83/88 of fetuses with TOF and TGA, for a sensitivity of 94%. Six of 200 normal controls were incorrectly classified for a false‐positive rate of 3%. The area under the receiver operator classification curve was 98.1%. The true positive rate for D‐TGA was 93.2%, with a false‐negative rate to 6.8%. The true positive rate for TOF was 95.5%, with a false negative rate of 4.5%.ConclusionsMeasurements of the 4CV and of the RV and LV may help identify fetuses at risk for D‐TGA or TOF.
Facility Volume as a Prognosticator of Survival in Locally Advanced Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Abiri Arash , Pang Jonathan C. , Roman Kelsey , Goshtasbi Khodayar , Birkenbeuel Jack L. , Kuan Edward C. , Tjoa Tjoson , Haidar Yarah M. 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesTo evaluate the influence of facility case‐volume on survival in patients with locally advanced papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), and to identify prognostic case‐volume thresholds for facilities managing this patient population.Study DesignRetrospective database study.MethodsThe 2004–2017 National Cancer Database was queried for patients receiving definitive surgery for locally advanced PTC. Using K‐means clustering and multivariable Cox proportional‐hazards (CPH) regression, two groups with distinct spectrums of facility case‐volumes were generated. Multivariable CPH regression and Kaplan–Meier analysis assessed for the influence of facility case‐volume and the prognostic value of its stratification on overall survival (OS).ResultsOf 48,899 patients treated at 1304 facilities, there were 34,312 (70.2%) females and the mean age was 48.0 ± 16.0 years. Increased facility volume was significantly associated with reduced all‐cause mortality (HR 0.996; 95% CI, 0.992–0.999; p = 0.008). Five facility clusters were generated, from which two distinct cohorts were identified: low (LVF; <27 cases/year) and high (HVF; ≥27 cases/year) facility case‐volume. Patients at HVFs were associated with reduced mortality compared to those at LVFs (HR 0.791; 95% CI, 0.678–0.923, p = 0.003). Kaplan–Meier analysis of propensity score‐matched N0 and N1 patients demonstrated higher OS in HVF cohorts (all p < 0.001).ConclusionsFacility case‐volume was an independent predictor of improved OS in locally advanced PTC, indicating a possible survival benefit at high‐volume medical centers. Specifically, independent of a number of sociodemographic and clinical factors, facilities that treated ≥27 cases per year were associated with increased OS. Patients with locally advanced PTC may, therefore, benefit from referrals to higher‐volume facilities.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 133:443–450, 2023
Safety of Platelet‐Rich Plasma Subepithelial Infusion for Vocal Fold Scar, Sulcus, and Atrophy
Authors: van der Woerd Benjamin , O'Dell Karla , Castellanos Carlos X , Bhatt Neel , Benssousan Yael , Reddy Neha K , Blood Timothy , Chhetri Dinesh K , Johns Michael M 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveTo demonstrate the safety profile of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) as an injectable therapeutic for the treatment of vocal fold scarring and atrophy.MethodsPreliminary report on a prospective clinical trial of patients with vocal fold scar or atrophy undergoing unilateral vocal fold subepithelial infusion with autologous PRP. Enrolled patients underwent four subepithelial injections spaced 1 month apart. Adverse events were assessed peri and post‐injection at each session. Patient‐reported outcomes were collected at every visit using the Voice Handicap Index‐10 (VHI‐10) and Vocal Fatigue Index (VFI) questionnaires.ResultsTwelve patients underwent unilateral vocal fold injection with autologous PRP prepared according to Eclipse PRP® system protocol. Forty‐three injections were performed using a peroral or percutaneous approach. An average of 1.57 ± 0.4 cc (range 0.6–2.0 cc) injectate was used. All patients tolerated the procedure without difficulty or peri‐procedural complications. The average duration of follow‐up was 3.6 ± 1.8 months. No significant inflammatory reactions or adverse events were seen to date. There was statistically significant improvement in patient‐reported outcomes at the 3 month follow up (n = 9) follow‐up (mean ΔVHI‐10 = 10.8, p < 0.001, mean ΔVFI = 18.9, p = 0.01, t test, paired two sample for means, two‐tail). All nine patients who completed the series of four injections subjectively (yes/no) reported they were satisfied with the results.ConclusionThis prospective study cohort demonstrated a favorable safety profile, with no adverse events or peri‐procedural complications. Subjective improvements in vocal quality and reduction in vocal fatigue need to be clinically correlated with further study.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 133:647–653, 2023
Predicting positive cochlear endolymphatic hydrops on magnetic resonance images
Authors: Lin Kao‐Tsung , Lu Chi‐Ju , Young Yi‐Ho 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjective/hypothesisThis study correlated audiological results with magnetic resonance (MR) images to predict positive cochlear endolymphatic hydrops (EH) on MR images in patients with Meniere's disease (MD).Study designRetrospective study.MethodsTwenty definite MD patients with positive cochlear EH on MR images were assigned to Group A. Another 20 definite MD patients with negative cochlear EH on MR images were assigned to Group B. All patients underwent an inner ear test battery followed by MR imaging using HRDROPS‐Mi2 technique.ResultsThe mean hearing levels (MHLs) at frequencies of 125, 250, 500 and 1000 Hz revealed significantly worse in Group A than Group B. Significantly deteriorated MHLs were noted from Grades 0 to II at low frequency (125, 250, and 500 Hz), but not at mid‐frequency and high frequency. The respective cutoff hearing thresholds at frequencies of 125, 250, and 500 Hz were 27.5, 32.5, and 40 dBHL, which help predict positive cochlear EH on MR images. By using the sum (27.5 + 32.5 + 40 = 100 dBHL) of cutoff thresholds from three low frequencies as a cutoff value, Group A (80%) showed significantly more ears with sum of low‐frequency hearing threshold >100 dBHL than Group B (30%).ConclusionWhen sum of three low‐frequency (125, 250, and 500 Hz) hearing levels is >100 dBHL, positive cochlear EH may be shown on MR images in definite MD patients. In contrast, those MD patients with sum of three low‐frequency hearing levels <100 dBHL, MR imaging should be postponed because resolution of EH may cause negative MR images.Level of evidence: 4
Fused Filament Fabrication of Actuating Objects
Authors: Chalissery Dilip , Schönfeld Dennis , Walter Mario , Ziervogel Fabian , Pretsch Thorsten 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThermoresponsive objects can be manufactured from shape memory polymers (SMPs) via fused filament fabrication (FFF). Here a new technological approach to obtain thermally actuating objects using an in‐house synthesized, phase segregated poly(ester urethane) (PEU) is introduced. Under almost stress‐free conditions of a dynamic mechanical analysis, cuboid objects obtained from FFF shrank when heated to 62 °C and expanded when cooled to 15 °C with a maximum thermoreversible strain of 7.2%. Actuation can be traced back to the phenomena of melting‐induced contraction and crystallization‐induced elongation of the PEU's soft segment, supported by internal stresses as implemented in course of FFF. To translate small changes in shape to a next larger scale, an artificial butterfly is developed in which the movements of two actuator elements are transferred to the wings with the aid of a lever concept. Following a different approach, additive manufacturing of cylindrical samples implied application potential as a self‐sufficient gripper, enabling a programmable material behavior in the sense of temperature‐controlled gripping, transport, and release of exemplarily selected smooth surfaced objects in the form of vials.