bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
System resilience and neighbourhood action on social determinants of health inequalities: an English Case Study
Authors: Popay J , Kaloudis H , Heaton L , Barr B , Halliday E , Holt V , Khan K , Porroche-Escudero A , Ring A , Sadler G , Simpson G , Ward F , Wheeler P 
Published: July 2022

Aims: This article seeks to make the case for a new approach to understanding and nurturing resilience as a foundation for effective place-based co-produced local action on social and health inequalities. Methods: A narrative review of literature on community resilience from a public health perspective was conducted and a new concept of neighbourhood system resilience was developed. This then shaped the development of a practical programme of action research implemented in nine socio-economically disadvantaged neighbourhoods in North West England between 2014 and 2019. This Neighbourhood Resilience Programme (NRP) was evaluated using a mixed-method design comprising: (1) a longitudinal household survey, conducted in each of the Neighbourhoods For Learning (NFLs) and in nine comparator areas in two waves (2015/2016 and 2018/2019) and completed in each phase by approximately 3000 households; (2) reflexive journals kept by the academic team; and (3) semi-structured interviews on perceptions about the impacts of the programme with 41 participants in 2019. Results: A difference-in-difference analysis of household survey data showed a statistically significant increase of 7.5% (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.6 to 13.5) in the percentage of residents reporting that they felt able to influence local decision-making in the NFLs relative to the residents in comparator areas, but no effect attributable to the NRP in other evaluative measures. The analysis of participant interviews identified beneficial impacts of the NRP in five resilience domains: social connectivity, cultural coherence, local decision-making, economic activity, and the local environment. Conclusion: Our findings support the need for a shift away from interventions that seek solely to enhance the resilience of lay communities to interventions that recognise resilience as a whole systems phenomenon. Systemic approaches to resilience can provide the underpinning foundation for effective co-produced local action on social and health inequalities, but they require intensive relational work by all participating system players.
Quantitative assessment of the course of distal radioulnar joint instability
Authors: Yuine Hiroshi , Yoshii Yuichi , Miyata Kazuhiro , Shiraishi Hideki 
Published: July 2022

Introduction There is a lack of methods to objectively evaluate improvement in distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) instability through treatment. We used ultrasonography to assess DRUJ instability and calculated the minimal detectable change (MDC) in healthy individuals. MDC was used to evaluate post-treatment changes in a patient with triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) injury. Methods DRUJ instability was evaluated using force-monitor ultrasonography in eight healthy male participants to determine MDC and in a man in his 60s who underwent surgery and rehabilitation for TFCC injury (Palmer classification: type 2C). In the patient, DRUJ instability was measured pre-operatively, 3 months postoperatively, and 1 year post-operatively. Self-reported hand and upper limb functional ability were also recorded. The transducer of the force-monitor ultrasonographic system was used to apply cyclic compressions to the wrists automatically and measure DRUJ displacements. The amount of displacement was calculated using the distance between the radius and ulna before and during cyclic compression to the wrists. The applied pressure was measured as the force to the wrist, and the displacement-to-force ratio was calculated. Results The 95% confidence MDC95 for radioulnar displacement, displacement force, and displacement-to-force ratio were 0.27–0.31 mm, 0.30–0.59 N, and 0.12–0.15 mm/N, respectively. The patient’s post-operative decrease in displacement exceeded the MDC95. DRUJ stability, pain, and use of the affected hand in daily life improved. Discussion Force-monitor ultrasonography can quantitatively evaluate post-treatment improvement in DRUJ stability over time. MDC for DRUJ instability can assess recovery after treatment or rehabilitation and determine changes resulting from interventions.
Ultrasound Assessment of Anterior Humeral Head Translation in Patients With Anterior Shoulder Instability: Correlation With Demographic, Radiographic, and Clinical Data
Authors: Inoue Jumpei , Takenaga Tetsuya , Tsuchiya Atsushi , Okubo Norio , Takeuchi Satoshi , Takaba Keishi , Nozaki Masahiro , Kobayashi Makoto , Fukushima Hiroaki , Kato Jiro , Murakami Hideki , Yoshida Masahito 
Published: July 2022

Background: Ultrasonography can be used to quantitatively assess anterior humeral head translation (AHHT) at different degrees of shoulder abduction. Risk factors for recurrent shoulder instability have been identified. Hypothesis: It was hypothesized that the number of dislocations or glenoid or humeral bone loss would be associated with more AHHT as measured using ultrasound. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 39 patients who underwent surgery for anterior shoulder instability were prospectively studied. Ultrasound assessment of AHHT was performed immediately after general anesthesia was induced. The upper arm was placed at 0°, 45°, and 90° of abduction, and a 40-N anterior force was applied to the proximal third of the arm. The distance from the posterior edge of the glenoid to that of the humeral head was measured at each abduction angle using ultrasound with and without a 40-N anterior force, and the AHHT was calculated. The differences in translation at each shoulder angle were compared. Additionally, the authors investigated the association between AHHT and demographic, radiographic, and clinical data. Results: Compared with the AHHT at 0° of abduction (5.29 mm), translation was significantly larger at 45° of abduction (8.90 mm; P < .01) and 90° of abduction (9.46 mm; P < .01). The mean translation was significantly larger in female patients than in male patients at all degrees of abduction ( P ≤ .036 for all). There was no correlation between AHHT at any abduction angle and number of dislocations, clinical data, or radiographic data (including bone loss). Conclusion: Ultrasound assessment of AHHT showed larger amounts of laxity at 45° and 90° than at 0° of abduction. Anterior glenohumeral laxity was greater in female than male patients. Glenoid or humeral bone loss did not correlate with AHHT, thereby clarifying that bone loss has no direct effect on measurements of capsular laxity in neutral rotation.
The 100 Most-Cited and Influential Articles in Collegiate Athletics
Authors: Jenkins Anna S. , Pollock Jordan R. , Moore M. Lane , Makovicka Justin L. , Brinkman Joseph C. , Chhabra Anikar 
Published: July 2022

Background: Bibliometric citation analyses have been widely used in medicine to help researchers gain foundational knowledge about a topic and identify subtopics of popular interest for further investigations. There is a lack of similar research in collegiate athletics. Purpose: To identify the 100 most-cited research publications related to collegiate athletics. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: The Clarivate Analytics Web of Knowledge database was used to generate a list of articles relating to collegiate athletics on January 24, 2022. Articles were filtered by the total number of citations, and the 100 most-cited articles were selected. For each article, we identified and analyzed the following: author name, publication year, country of origin, journal name, article type, main research topic area, competitive level, sex of study population, and level of evidence. Results: Of the top 100 most-cited articles, 63 were related to medicine. In total, 96% of articles were published in the United States, and 80% were published in the year 2000 or later. Of the top 100 articles, 85 were observational; only 5 were experimental. The sport most represented was soccer, followed by football, baseball, and basketball. Of the top 100 articles, 21 were published in a single journal, the American Journal of Sports Medicine. Ten authors published ≥5 of the top 100 most-cited studies. Conclusion: The majority of top 100 articles were published in the United States after 1999 and primarily focused on medicine-related topics. Soccer was studied by more articles than football, baseball, and basketball. An author’s prestige may have influenced the likelihood of citation. The top 100 most-cited studies provide researchers, medical students, residents, and fellows with a foundational list of the most important and influential academic contributions to the literature on collegiate athletics.
Low incidence of invasive fungal disease following CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Little Jessica S. , Aleissa Muneerah M. , Beluch Katherine , Gonzalez-Bocco Isabel H. , Marty Francisco M. , Manne-Goehler Jennifer , Koo Sophia , Hammond Sarah P. , Jacobson Caron A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
CAR T-cell therapy has revolutionized the treatment of hematologic malignancies, although its use may be complicated by toxicities, including cytokine release syndrome (CRS), immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), and infections. Invasive fungal disease (IFD) has been reported after CAR T-cell therapy, but the incidence in the absence of antifungal prophylaxis is unknown. Optimal prophylaxis strategies are widely debated. We performed a single-center retrospective study of 280 adults receiving CD19 CAR T-cell therapy for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) from December 2017 through September 2021. Patients did not receive routine antiyeast or antimold prophylaxis. IFD was identified between day of cell infusion and last follow-up. Cumulative incidence functions were calculated at 100 days and 18 months based on time to IFD, using dates of IFD-free death, initiation of salvage treatment, and hematopoietic cell transplantation as competing risks. Eight patients (2.9%) developed IFD, including 3 Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, 3 invasive mold infections (IMIs), and 2 invasive yeast infections (IYIs). The 100-day cumulative incidence of IFD accounting for competing risks was 1.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.8% to 4.4%). Among the 280 patients, early toxicities including CRS (85%) and ICANS (55%) and late toxicities after day 30 including grades 3 and 4 neutropenia (41%) and low CD4 T-cell count (20%) were common. IFD was rare among patients who received CD19 CAR T-cell therapy for NHL in the absence of routine antifungal prophylaxis, despite frequent toxicities. These results suggest that, in settings with low institutional rates of IFD, routine antifungal prophylaxis may not be indicated.
Extended-duration letermovir prophylaxis for cytomegalovirus infection after cord blood transplantation in adults
Authors: Politikos Ioannis , Lau Carmen , Devlin Sean M. , Quach Sean , Lin Andrew , Perales Miguel-Angel , Shah Gunjan L. , Seo Susan K. , Papanicolaou Genovefa A. , Barker Juliet N. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Cord blood transplantation (CBT) can be complicated by a high incidence of clinically significant cytomegalovirus infection (csCMVi). We have investigated the efficacy of extended letermovir prophylaxis in seropositive adult CBT recipients. The aim was to continue prophylaxis for ≥6 months (insurance permitting). By day 100, the incidence of csCMVi was 0% in 28 patients who received letermovir prophylaxis. Moreover, of 24 patients alive at day 100, none had csCMVi by day 180, having continued prophylaxis for all (n = 20) or part (n = 4) of that period. Overall, 20 patients stopped letermovir at a median of 354 days (range, 119-455 days) posttransplant, with only 5 requiring 1 (n = 4) or 2 (n = 1) courses of valganciclovir (median total duration, 58 days; range, 12-67 days) for postprophylaxis viremia, with no subsequent csCMVi. There were no toxicities attributable to letermovir. Of the 62 historic control subjects who received acyclovir only, 51 developed csCMVi (median onset, 34 days; range, 5-74 days), for a day 100 incidence of 82% (95% confidence interval, 73-92). Seven patients developed proven/probable CMV disease, and 6 died before day 100 (3 with proven/probable CMV pneumonia). Forty-five patients required extended therapy during the first 6 months for 1 (n = 10), 2 (n = 14), or 3/persistent (n = 21) csCMVi, with 43 (84%) of 51 developing significant treatment toxicities. Letermovir is a highly effective, well-tolerated prophylaxis that mitigates CMV infection, CMV-related mortality, and antiviral therapy toxicities in CBT recipients. Our data support prophylaxis duration of at least 6 months after CBT.
Analysis of Meridian Flow Direction by Electrical Stimulation Method
Authors: Liu Yan-Wen , Kuo Chuan-Wei , Chang Ting-Chang , Hung Yu-Chiang , Tan Yung-Fang , Wu Chia-Chuan , Lin Chien-Hung , Chen Wen-Chung , Hu Wen-Long , Tsai Tsung-Ming 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMeridians constitute the theoretical foundation of acupuncture in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and they have been described for 2000 years. Classical TCM advocates for the directionality of meridians. Finding an accurate method to verify this directionality is an important goal of TCM doctors and researchers. In this study, we objectively explored the physical properties of meridians, such as response current from electrical stimulation, to explore their directionality. The Agilent B1500A semiconductor measurement analyzer was utilized to input the alternating current waveforms and detect the response current on the meridians. The results showed that the direction of the meridians influences the intensity of the response current. Therefore, the mechanisms behind the directions of ion transportation and the meridians were investigated using the response time and the intensity of the response current. Thereafter, we propose a model to explain this mechanism. Afterward, a comparison between the direction of the meridian in this experiment and ancient Chinese medicine classics was performed.
MetHoS: a platform for large-scale processing, storage and analysis of metabolomics data
Authors: Tzanakis Konstantinos , Nattkemper Tim W. , Niehaus Karsten , Albaum Stefan P. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Modern mass spectrometry has revolutionized the detection and analysis of metabolites but likewise, let the data skyrocket with repositories for metabolomics data filling up with thousands of datasets. While there are many software tools for the analysis of individual experiments with a few to dozens of chromatograms, we see a demand for a contemporary software solution capable of processing and analyzing hundreds or even thousands of experiments in an integrative manner with standardized workflows.

Results
Here, we introduce MetHoS as an automated web-based software platform for the processing, storage and analysis of great amounts of mass spectrometry-based metabolomics data sets originating from different metabolomics studies. MetHoS is based on Big Data frameworks to enable parallel processing, distributed storage and distributed analysis of even larger data sets across clusters of computers in a highly scalable manner. It has been designed to allow the processing and analysis of any amount of experiments and samples in an integrative manner. In order to demonstrate the capabilities of MetHoS, thousands of experiments were downloaded from the MetaboLights database and used to perform a large-scale processing, storage and statistical analysis in a proof-of-concept study.

Conclusions
MetHoS is suitable for large-scale processing, storage and analysis of metabolomics data aiming at untargeted metabolomic analyses. It is freely available at: https://methos.cebitec.uni-bielefeld.de/. Users interested in analyzing their own data are encouraged to apply for an account.
Differences between the global transcriptomes of Salmonella enterica serovars Dublin and Cerro infecting bovine epithelial cells
Authors: Salaheen Serajus , Kim Seon Woo , Haley Bradd J. , Van Kessel Jo Ann S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The impact of S. enterica colonization in cattle is highly variable and often serovar-dependent. The aim of this study was to compare the global transcriptomes of highly pathogenic bovine-adapted S. enterica serovar Dublin and the less pathogenic, bovine-adapted, serovar Cerro during interactions with bovine epithelial cells, to identify genes that impact serovar-related outcomes of S. enterica infections in dairy animals.

Result
Bovine epithelial cells were infected with S. enterica strains from serovars Dublin and Cerro, and the bacterial RNA was extracted and sequenced. The total number of paired-end reads uniquely mapped to non-rRNA and non-tRNA genes in the reference genomes ranged between 12.1 M (Million) and 23.4 M (median: 15.7 M). In total, 360 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified with at least two-fold differences in the transcript abundances between S. Dublin and S. Cerro (false discovery rate ≤ 5%). The highest number of DEGs (17.5%, 63 of 360 genes) between the two serovars were located on the genomic regions potentially associated with Salmonella Pathogenicity Islands (SPIs). DEGs potentially located in the SPI-regions that were upregulated (≥ 2-fold) in the S. Dublin compared with S. Cerro included: 37 SPI-1 genes encoding mostly Type 3 Secretion System (T3SS) apparatus and effectors; all of the six SPI-4 genes encoding type I secretion apparatus (siiABCDEF); T3SS effectors and chaperone (sopB, pipB, and sigE) located in SPI-5; type VI secretion system associated protein coding genes (sciJKNOR) located in SPI-6; and T3SS effector sopF in SPI-11. Additional major functional categories of DEGs included transcription regulators (n = 25), amino acid transport and metabolism (n = 20), carbohydrate transport and metabolism (n = 20), energy production and metabolism (n = 19), cell membrane biogenesis (n = 18), and coenzyme transport and metabolism (n = 15). DEGs were further mapped to the metabolic pathways listed in the KEGG database; most genes of the fatty acid β-oxidation pathway were upregulated/uniquely present in the S. Dublin strains compared with the S. Cerro strains.

Conclusions
This study identified S. enterica genes that may be responsible for symptomatic or asymptomatic infection and colonization of two bovine-adapted serovars in cattle.
Heme is involved in the exogenous ALA-promoted growth and antioxidant defense system of cucumber seedlings under salt stress
Authors: Wu Yue , Li Jing , Wang Junwen , Dawuda Mohammed Mujitaba , Liao Weibiao , Meng Xin , Yuan Hong , Xie Jianming , Tang Zhongqi , Lyu Jian , Yu Jihua 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA biosynthetic precursor of tetrapyrrol, 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), is widely used in agricultural production, as an exogenous regulatory substance that effectively regulates plant growth. Previous studies have shown that heme and chlorophyll accumulate in plants under salt stress, when treated with exogenous ALA. In this study, we explored the regulatory role of heme in plants, by spraying 25 mg L–1 ALA onto the leaves of cucumber seedlings treated with heme synthesis inhibitor (2,2'-dipyridyl, DPD) and heme scavenger (hemopexin, Hx), under 50 mmol L–1 NaCl stress. The results showed that NaCl alone and DPD + Hx treatments to cucumber seedlings subjected to salt stress adversely affected their growth, by decreasing biomass accumulation, root activity, and root morphology. In addition, these treatments induced an increase in membrane lipid oxidation, as well as enhancement of anti-oxidase activities, proline content, and glutamate betaine. However, exogenous ALA application increased the plant growth and root architecture indices under NaCl stress, owing to a lack of heme in the seedlings. In addition, cucumber seedlings treated with DPD and Hx showed inhibition of growth under salt stress, but exogenous ALA effectively improved cucumber seedling growth as well as the physiological characteristics; moreover, the regulation of ALA in plants was weakened when heme synthesis was inhibited. Heme biosynthesis and metabolism genes, HEMH and HO1, which are involved in the ALA metabolic pathway, were upregulated under salinity conditions, when ferrochelatase activity was inhibited. Application of exogenous ALA increased the heme content in the leaves. Thus, exogenous ALA may supplement the substrates for heme synthesis. These results indicated that heme plays a vital role in the response of plants to salinity stress. In conclusion, heme is involved in ALA-mediated alleviation of damage caused to cucumber seedlings and acts as a positive regulator of plant adaption.
Maternal mortality in the Middle East and North Africa region – how could countries move towards obstetric transition stage 5?
Authors: Doraiswamy Sathyanarayanan , Cheema Sohaila , Maisonneuve Patrick , Jithesh Anupama , Mamtani Ravinder 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundMaternal mortality in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region decreased significantly between 1990 and 2017. This was uneven, however, with some countries faring much better than others.MethodsWe undertook a trend analysis of Maternal Mortality Ratios (MMRs) of countries in the region in order to understand differences in reduction across countries. Data were extracted from several databases for 23 countries and territories in the region on measures of women’s empowerment, availability of vehicles and human resources for health (as a proxy to the three delays model). We identified factors associated with MMR by grouping countries into five different Stages (I-V) of obstetric transition from high to low MMRs.ResultsAmong the four Stage II countries, MMR is associated with “antenatal care coverage (% with at least one visit)” and “medical doctors per 10,000 population”. Among the eight Stage III countries, MMR is associated with “Gender Parity Index in primary and secondary level school enrolment” and with “nursing and midwifery personnel per 10,000 population”. Among the 10 countries and one territory in Stages IV and V, MMR is associated with “GDP per capita”, “nursing and midwifery personnel”, and “motor vehicle ownership/motorization rate”. Two factors were associated with changes in MMR from the period 2006–2010 to 2011–2015: 1) change in adolescent birth rate (r = 0.90,p = 0.005) and 2) Gender Parity Index in primary level school enrolment (r = − 0.51,p = 0.04).ConclusionThough impressive reductions in MMR have been achieved across countries in the MENA region since 1990, governments should realize that there exists an opportunity to learn from each other to bring MMRs as close to zero as possible. Immediate steps in the right direction would include investment in human resources for health, particularly nurses and midwives; measures to improve adolescent sexual and reproductive health; and greater investments in achieving gender equity in education.