bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
METHODS OF STUDYING THE THERMAL CONDITIONS OF LOCOMOTIVE TRACTION MOTORS DURING TESTS AFTER FACTORY REPAIRS
Authors: Gubarev Pavel , Bol'shih Ivan , Talahadze Temur 
Published: February 2022

This work objective is to study the thermal conditions of traction electric motors (TEM) of an electric locomotive after factory repairs. Comparison of theoretical and practical methods for defining the temperature of the armature copper of a traction motor after factory repairs.
Thermal modes of TEM operation were defined theoretically, using methods of mathematical modelling, and experimentally by the method of IR diagnostics.
The scientific novelty of the work lies in the confirmation of the possibility of using mathematical modelling methods when testing traction motors after repairs.
The temperature of the armature copper theoretically (by calculation), taking into account the cooling air, was 105 °C, and in practice, when testing traction motors hourly, the temperature was 101 °C.
The error between the theoretical and practical methods of diagnosing is less than 4%, which indicates the relevance and possibility of using this method of thermal control during further tests of traction motors.
Crecimiento primario de Ugni molinae (Myrtaceae) en Argentina: producción de hojas, flores y frutos en dos poblaciones experimentales.
Authors: Neranzi Francisco , Naón Santiago , Ochoa Juan José , Ichaso Tomás , Guenuleo Brisa Serena , Torrego Sergio , Stefe Sonia , Martínez Eduardo Enrique , Moncunill Exequiel Luis Nehuen , Puntieri Javier 
Published: February 2022

Introducción y objetivos: Ugni molinae (Myrtaceae) es una especie arbustiva que produce bayas de excelentes aroma, sabor y calidad nutracéutica. Es nativa de Patagonia, pero poco conocida en Argentina. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue determinar el patrón de crecimiento primario y los períodos de antesis y de maduración de frutos de plantas de U. molinae de origen argentino.
M&M: A lo largo de una estación de crecimiento, se documentó el desarrollo de 169 plantas de U. molinae de un año en un invernadero, y de 46 plantas de cuatro años establecidas a cielo abierto; todas las plantas derivaron de estacas enraizadas.
Resultados: Todas las plantas produjeron hojas entre mediados de primavera y finales del verano. Para las plantas de un año se registraron variaciones en el tiempo de ocurrencia de la tasa máxima de producción de hojas, y en la duración del crecimiento. Las plantas de mayor edad fueron más regulares en su fenología. La floración alcanzó su nivel máximo entre diciembre y enero, pero los números de flores en antesis en cada momento fueron bajos. Los niveles de fructificación fueron elevados a cielo abierto y nulos en el invernadero.
Conclusiones: Plantas de U. molinae de un año pueden exhibir variaciones en el momento del año de máximo crecimiento primario; las plantas de cuatro años presentan menos variación en este aspecto. Las plantas de U. molinae desarrollan flores en invernadero, pero debe asegurarse la presencia de polinizadores para lograr la fructificación.
Penilaian Risiko Keselamatan Dan Kesehatan Kerja Pada Pekerjaan Kolom, Balok dan Pelat Lantai (Studi Kasus Proyek Konstruksi Pembangunan Gedung Kantor Kejaksaan Tinggi Provinsi Riau)
Authors: Ermiyati Ermiyati , Fakhri Fakhri , Hockiana Citra 
Published: February 2022

The implementation of construction activities, especially building construction work, has a high risk of accidents because each stage of the work contains many potential hazards that can be detrimental. This study aims to determine the highest occupational accident risk and its control in column, beam and floor slab work. The research method was carried out through field observations as well as interviews and surveys from several sources. The results of this study are jobs that contain the highest risk value, namely in the steps of installing work and dismantling column formwork, installing scaffolding, and installing wooden beams on beam and floor slab work where each step of this work has a risk level value of 6, this has high level of risk . For hazard control, the contractor carries out several work programs with the aim of reducing the potential for work accidents. As for the program in the form of Toolbox, Safety Patrol, Safety Weekly Meeting, Safety Talk, Fooging and Extrapuding.
Studi Numerik Centrifugal Fan Tipe Impeller Backward dengan Variasi Putaran Fan
Authors: Diana Lohdy , Setiyawan Achmad , Ulum Achmad Bahrul , Safitra Arrad Ghani , Ariansyah Muhammad Nabiel 
Published: February 2022

The primary air fan functions as a primary air producer which is used as air to transport coal powder from the pulverizer to the burner to be burned in the boiler furnace. This study aims to obtain the effect of the rotation variation of fan to fluid flow characteristics such as the distribution of total pressure, the dynamic pressure, the pressure static contours, velocity distribution, and the fan optimal efficiency. This study was numerical study with simulated a backward impeller type centrifugal fan in a two-dimension model using Fluid Computational software with the multiple reference frame method with the variation of fan rotation. Based on the visualization of the pressure contour and velocity distribution, it could be concluded that there was a volute phenomenon, this was indicated that the greater the volume area in the volute is the greater the total pressure value too. Based on the visualization of the outlet velocity distribution at the position of -0,8531m to -1,01301m, it was found that the velocity is close to the value of 0 m/s2. It showed that the minimum velocity in the area due to the volute tongue radius occurs a flow collision and it impacted the velocity in the area decreased up to V=0. From the simulation results, it was found that the greater the fan rotation value was the greater the efficiency value too. It would be verified by the actual operating data of the centrifugal fan with a minimum rotation range value of 1194 rpm to a maximum of 1468 rpm
KAJIAN ARAHAN DAN STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN KAWASAN POTENSIAL TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT (TOD) DI SEKITAR STASIUN TRANSIT LRT KOTA PALEMBANG
Authors: Gumano Hendry Natanael 
Published: February 2022

Proses pembangunan di Kota Palembang dalam 10 tahun terkahir mengalami kemajuan yang sangat pesat. Dibidang infrastruktutr transportasi, inftrastruktur transportasi yang paling menarik yakni Light Rail Transit (LRT). Angkutan massal transit berbasis rel ini menarik perhatian karena tidak semua kota-kota di Indonesia memilikinya dan diyakini mampu untuk menekan permasalahan macet arus lalu lintas perkotaan dan juga lebih berkelanjutan. Terkait dengan pembangunan berkelanjutan, perlu untuk mempertimbangkan sustainable urban mobility. Berbagai pendekatan dapat dilakukan dan salah satunya dengan pengembangan kawasan berorientasi transit (Transit Oriented Development) dengan memanfaatkan layanan infrastruktur transportasi berbasi rel. TOD dinilai mampu mewujudkan keberlanjutan mobilitas warga kota menjadi lebih cepat, aman, nyaman dan terjangkau serta sekaligus berperan dalam hal membentuk ruang kota yang semakin ramah lingkungan dan teratur (Cervero, 2014). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menentukan arahan pengembangan kawasan TOD serta strategi perwujudan kawasan TOD pada 12 stasiun transit LRT Kota Palembang. Langkah awal melalui penilaian karakteristik kawasan melalui 4 prinsi TOD yakni diversity & destination, density, disntance & design dan demand management. Hasil dari penialaian yakni tipologi kawasan potensial TOD Kota (1 kawasan), TOD Sub-Kota ( 6 kawasan) dan TOD Lingkungan (5 kawasan). Adapun strategi pengembangan dalam mewujudkan kawasan TOD tersebut yakni : 1). Infill Development Site untuk kawasan TOD ST. Asrama Haji dan ST. Telkom, 2). Redevelopment Site & Infill Development Site untuk kawasan TOD ST. RSUD Prov, ST. Simp. Polda, ST. Deman, ST. Palembang Icon, ST. Diskhubkominfo, ST. Pasar Cinde, ST. Jembatan Ampera, ST. Polrestabes. 3). New Growth Area untuk kawasan TOD ST. Jakabaaring, ST. OPI Mall. Kata Kunci : Kawasan Berorientasi Transit (TOD), LRT, Pengembangan TOD, Integrasi Guna Lahaan & Transportasi
KARAKTERISTIK KIMIA DAN ORGANOLEPTIK VIRGIN COCONUT OIL PADA BERBAGAI PENAMBAHAN RAGI TEMPE
Authors: Asrawaty  , Fathurahmi Sitti , Spetriani  , Ridwan  
Published: February 2022

Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui dan mempelajari tentang karakteristik kimia dan organoleptik terhadap penambahan ragi tempe pada pembuatan VCO. Rancangan digunakan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dua faktor, yaitu penambahan ragi tempe dan lama waktu fermentasi yang terdiri dari 6 level (Kanil+ragi tempe), yaitu: P1=500 mL + 8 g (12 jam), P2= 500 mL + 10 g (12 jam), P3= 500 mL + 12 g (12 jam), P4= 500 mL + ragi tempe 8 (24 jam), P5= 500 mL + 10g (24 jam), dan P6= 500 mL + 12g (24 jam). Untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan yang dicobakan, maka dilakukan uji keragaman. Bila hasil uji keragaman menunjukan pengaruh nyata, maka dilanjutkan dengan uji beda nyata terkecil (BNT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan berbagai kadar ragi tempe dan lama fermentasi berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar air, uji organoleptik aroma dan warna VCO. Kadar air VCO terendah diperoleh pada perlakuan ragi tempe 12g lama fermentasi 12jam, yakni rata-rata 0,12g. Hasil uji kesukaan terhadap aroma dan warna VCO tertinggi terdapat pada pelakuan ragi tempe 8g lama fermentasi 24jam, yakni rata-rata 3,64 (agak suka) dan 4,00 (suka).
Online learning from the higher education studentsâ€™ point of view (Study at a Private University in Central Java Indonesia)
Authors: Yulia Hanita , Paseleng Mila Chrismawati 
Published: February 2022

Online learning conducted in some university Â as a result of the COVID 19 pandemic can be said to be a fairly new learning model. It is necessary to know the studentsâ€™ perception toward the online learning. Therefore, this quantitative and qualitative descriptive study aimed at describing studentsâ€™ perceptions of online learning based on their experiences in participating in the online model learning and how the online learning meet their learning needs and expectations. Questionnaires given to 142 students at the Faculty of Information Technology in a private university in Central JavaÂ were used to collect data, besides interviews and focus group discussion also employed for deeper understanding of student experiences in online learning. The results showed that there was a positive response from students towards online learning. The online learning that had been implemented could accommodate most of studentsâ€™ learning needs and expectations. However, this was strongly influenced by the role of the lecturer in organizing and packaging the online learning. In addition, it required habituation and the ability of students to study independently. The existence of a learning community in online learning was also a factor that can support studentsâ€™ success in participating at the online learning. Technical problems in form of equipment availability and inadequate internet access were the main obstacles in the implementation of online learning. Hopefully, the research results can be used to improve and develop an effective online learning in higher education in the future.
Benzobisthiadiazole and Its Derivative-Based Semiconducting Polymer Nanoparticles for Second Near-Infrared Photoacoustic Imaging
Authors: Huang Xuelong , Lan Ning , Zhang Yanfeng , Zeng Wei , He Haifeng , Liu Xiuhong 
Published: February 2022

Photoacoustic (PA) imaging has received more and more attention on disease diagnosis and fundamental scientific research. It is still challenging to amplify their imaging ability and reduce the toxicity of inorganic materials and exogenous contrast agents. Semiconducting polymer nanoparticles (SPNs), as a new type of contrast agent, have the advantages of low toxicity, flexible structure adjustment, good photostability, and excellent photothermal conversion efficiency. SPNs containing benzo(1,2-c;4,5-c′)bis(1,2,5)thiadiazole (BBT) units, as the most classic second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 1,000–1700 nm) PA contrast agents, can achieve light absorption in the NIR-II region, thereby effectively reducing light loss in biological tissues and improving imaging resolution. This mini review summarizes the recent advances in the design strategy of BBT and its derivative-based semiconducting polymer nanoparticles for second near-infrared photoacoustic imaging. The evolution process of BBT blocks provides a unique perspective for the design of high-performance NIR-II PA contrast agents.
The Post-thrombotic Syndrome-Prevention and Treatment: VAS-European Independent Foundation in Angiology/Vascular Medicine Position Paper
Authors: Cosmi Benilde , Stanek Agata , Kozak Matja , Wennberg Paul W. , Kolluri Raghu , Righini Marc , Poredos Pavel , Lichtenberg Michael , Catalano Mariella , De Marchi Sergio , Farkas Katalin , Gresele Paolo , Klein-Wegel Peter , Lessiani Gianfranco , Marschang Peter , Pecsvarady Zsolt , Prior Manlio , Puskas Attila , Szuba Andrzej 
Published: February 2022

ImportanceThe post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is the most common long-term complication of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), occurring in up to 40–50% of cases. There are limited evidence-based approaches for PTS clinical management.ObjectiveTo provide an expert consensus for PTS diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.Evidence-ReviewMEDLINE, Cochrane Database review, and GOOGLE SCHOLAR were searched with the terms “post-thrombotic syndrome” and “post-phlebitic syndrome” used in titles and abstracts up to September 2020.Filters WereEnglish, Controlled Clinical Trial / Systematic Review / Meta-Analysis / Guideline. The relevant literature regarding PTS diagnosis, prevention and treatment was reviewed and summarized by the evidence synthesis team. On the basis of this review, a panel of 15 practicing angiology/vascular medicine specialists assessed the appropriateness of several items regarding PTS management on a Likert-9 point scale, according to the RAND/UCLA method, with a two-round modified Delphi method.FindingsThe panelists rated the following as appropriate for diagnosis: 1-the Villalta scale; 2- pre-existing venous insufficiency evaluation; 3-assessment 3–6 months after diagnosis of iliofemoral or femoro-popliteal DVT, and afterwards periodically, according to a personalized schedule depending on the presence or absence of clinically relevant PTS. The items rated as appropriate for symptom relief and prevention were: 1- graduated compression stockings (GCS) or elastic bandages for symptomatic relief in acute DVT, either iliofemoral, popliteal or calf; 2-thigh-length GCS (30–40 mmHg at the ankle) after ilio-femoral DVT; 3- knee-length GCS (30–40 mmHg at the ankle) after popliteal DVT; 4-GCS for different length of times according to the severity of periodically assessed PTS; 5-catheter-directed thrombolysis, with or without mechanical thrombectomy, in patients with iliofemoral obstruction, severe symptoms, and low risk of bleeding. The items rated as appropriate for treatment were: 1- thigh-length GCS (30–40 mmHg at the ankle) after iliofemoral DVT; 2-compression therapy for ulcer treatment; 3- exercise training. The role of endovascular treatment (angioplasty and/or stenting) was rated as uncertain, but it could be considered for severe PTS only in case of stenosis or occlusion above the inguinal ligament, followed by oral anticoagulation.Conclusions and RelevanceThis position paper can help practicing clinicians in PTS management.
Sex-Differences in Aortic Stenosis: Mechanistic Insights and Clinical Implications
Authors: Matilla Lara , Garaikoetxea Mattie , Arrieta Vanessa , García-Peña Amaia , Fernández-Celis Amaya , Navarro Adela , Gainza Alicia , Álvarez Virginia , Sádaba Rafael , Jover Eva , López-Andrés Natalia 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveWe aim to analyse sex-specific differences in aortic valves (AVs) and valve interstitial cells (VICs) from aortic stenosis (AS) patients.Approach and Results238 patients with severe AS undergoing surgical valve replacement were recruited. Two hundred and two AVs (39.1% women) were used for ex vivo analyses and 36 AVs (33.3% women) for in vitro experiments. AVs from men presented increased levels of the inflammatory molecules interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, Rantes, and CD45. Oxidative stress (eNOS, myeloperoxidase, malondialdehyde and nitrotyrosine) was upregulated in male AVs. Concerning fibrosis, similar levels of collagen type I, decreased levels of collagen type III and enhanced fibronectin, active Lox-1 and syndecan-1 expressions were found in AVs from men compared with women. Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling was characterized by reduced metalloproteinase-1 and 9 expression and increased tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 expression in male AVs. Importantly, osteogenic markers (bone morphogenetic protein-9, Rank-L, osteopontin, periostin, osteocalcin and Sox-9) and apoptosis (Bax, Caspase 3, p53, and PARP1) were enhanced in AVs from men as compared to women. Isolated male VICs presented higher myofibroblast-like phenotype than female VICs. Male VICs exhibited increased inflammatory, oxidative stress, fibrotic, apoptosis and osteogenic differentiation markers.ConclusionsOur results suggest that the mechanisms driving the pathogenesis of AS could be different in men and women. Male AVs and isolated VICs presented more inflammation, oxidative stress, ECM remodeling and calcification as compared to those from women. A better knowledge of the pathophysiological pathways in AVs and VICs will allow the development of sex-specific options for the treatment of AS.
Risk Stratification Model for Predicting Coronary Care Unit Readmission
Authors: Chen Tien-Yu , Tseng Chien-Hao , Wu Po-Jui , Chung Wen-Jung , Lee Chien-Ho , Wu Chia-Chen , Cheng Cheng-I 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundUse of statistical models for assessing the clinical risk of readmission to medical and surgical intensive care units is well established. However, models for predicting risk of coronary care unit (CCU) readmission are rarely reported. Therefore, this study investigated the characteristics and outcomes of patients readmitted to CCU to identify risk factors for CCU readmission and to establish a scoring system for identifying patients at high risk for CCU readmission.MethodsMedical data were collected for 27,841 patients with a history of readmission to the CCU of a single multi-center healthcare provider in Taiwan during 2001-2019. Characteristics and outcomes were compared between a readmission group and a non-readmission group. Data were segmented at a 9:1 ratio for model building and validation.ResultsThe number of patients with a CCU readmission history after transfer to a standard care ward was 1,790 (6.4%). The eleven factors that had the strongest associations with CCU readmission were used to develop and validate a CCU readmission risk scoring and prediction model. When the model was used to predict CCU readmission, the receiver-operating curve characteristic was 0.7038 for risk score model group and 0.7181 for the validation group. A CCU readmission risk score was assigned to each patient. The patients were then stratified by risk score into low risk (0–12), moderate risk (13–31) and high risk (32–40) cohorts check scores, which showed that CCU readmission risk significantly differed among the three groups.ConclusionsThis study developed a model for estimating CCU readmission risk. By using the proposed model, clinicians can improve CCU patient outcomes and medical care quality.
Diagnoses of Antarctic Inland Water Cycle Regime: Perspectives From Atmospheric Water Vapor Isotope Observations Along the Transect From Zhongshan Station to Dome A
Authors: Liu Jingfeng , Du Zhiheng , Zhang Dongqi , Wang Shimeng 
Published: February 2022

Water stable isotopes are crucial for paleoclimate reconstruction and water cycle tracing in Antarctica. Accurate measurement of atmospheric water vapor isotopic composition of hydrogen and oxygen is required urgently for understanding the processes controlling the atmosphere–snow interaction and associated isotope fractionation. This study presents in situ real-time measurements of water vapor isotopes along the transect from Zhongshan Station to Dome Argus (hereafter Dome A) in East Antarctica for the first time. The results reveal that the surface vapor stable isotopes of δ18O and δ D showed a gradual decreasing trend in the interior plateau region with the distance away from the coast, with significant δ18O-temperature correlation gradient of 1.61‰°/C and δ18O-altitude gradient of –2.13‰/100 m. Meanwhile, d-excess gradually arises with elevation rise. Moreover, the spatial variation of vapor isotopic composition displays three different characters implying different atmosphere circulation backgrounds controlling the inland water cycle; it can be divided as the coastal steep area below 2,000 m, a vast inland area with an elevation varied between 2,000 and 3,000 m, and high central plateau. Thirdly, observed high inland Antarctica water vapor d-excess quantitatively confirms stratosphere air intrusion and vapor derived from low latitudes by Brewer–Dobson circulation. Finally, the diurnal cycle signals of interior area water vapor isotopes δ18O, δ D, and air temperature highlighted the substantial domination of the supersaturation sublimation/condensation effect in inland, and this suggests that fractionation occurs during sublimation and vapor–snow exchanges should no longer be considered insignificant for the isotopic composition of near-surface snow in Antarctica.
Heparin and Related Substances for Treating Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Su Na , Xu Ting , Li Xiaodan , Zheng Hanrui , Wu Bin , Zhang Shengzhao , Zhou Yiling , Du Liang , Zhao Yinglan 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundDiabetic foot ulcers are a major complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), when heparin and heparin related substances may be potentially used as an adjuvant treatment. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of heparin and heparin related substances for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers.MethodsWe searched up to March 2021 in the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL); Ovid MEDLINE; Ovid Embase; EBSCO CINAHL; VIP Chinese Science and Technique Journals Database; China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) Database and Wan Fang Database investigating heparin or heparin-related substances in patients with diabetic foot ulcers. The primary outcomes included proportion of ulcers completely healed and time to complete ulcer healing. We assessed each included study with the Cochrane ‘Risk of bias’ tool and used the GRADE approach to assess the overall quality of the evidence.ResultsWe included nine randomized studies involving 620 participants in the meta-analysis, involving two different heparin and heparin-related substances, low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and hyaluronic acid. Our study did not show the benefits from LMWH on increasing chance of the ulcer healing (RR: 1.26; 95% CI: 0.78 to 2.04; P=0.35; very low) or shortening the time to complete ulcer healing (SMD: 0.13 d; 95% CI: -0.29 to 0.56; P=0.54; very low). Hyaluronic acid may improve the complete ulcer healing (RR: 1.57; 95% CI: 1.29 to 1.91; P˂0.00001; very low) and shorten the time to complete ulcer healing (SMD -0.84, 95% CI -1.15 to -0.53; P&lt;0.00001; low). Hyaluronic acid and LMWH were generally well tolerated for treating diabetic foot ulcers in this review.ConclusionHyaluronic acid may improve diabetic foot ulcer with very low quality evidence but not LMWH. However, the benefits and harms need further validation in larger trials with different population.Systematic Review Registration[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/], identifier [PROSPERO, CRD42021269212].