bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INCREASED OXIDATIVE STRESS AND CHANGES IN THE LEVEL OF EXPRESSION OF THE BCL AND BAX GENES IN CHILDREN WITH SEVERE ASD
Authors: Chudakova Yu. , Shmarina G. , Ershova E. , Martynov A. , Nikitina S. , Kostyuk S. 
Published: November 2022

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) are a heterogeneous group of psychiatric disorders most commonly seen in children. Patients with ASD are characterized by cognitive, behavioral, communicative deficits and obsessive stereotypical behavior. At that moment, the etiology and pathogenesis of ASD is one of the most important problems in child psychiatry. Patients with ASD are characterized by increased oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to characterize the role of oxidative stress in patients with ASD in enhancing the level of apoptosis. The clinical group consisted of 133 children with ASD (DSM-5),
4-12 years old, who were followed up by the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution National Center for Health Care. Children with ASD were divided into two subgroups according to the severity of the course of the disease, according to CARS scores. The control group included 27 healthy children. Lymphocytes were isolated from whole blood by centrifugation in a ficoll-urographin gradient. The level of gene expression in peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with ASD and healthy controls was assessed by quantitative determination of the mRNA level by real-time PCR and by the level of protein in cells, flow cytometry. cytofluorometry. In the lymphocytes of children from the subgroup with mild and moderate forms of ASD, the level of ROS was increased, but the level of significance was not reached, while in the lymphocytes of children with severe ASD, the level of ROS was 2.2-2.5 times higher than in children of the control group. groups (p<0.01). The level of expression of the anti-apoptotic gene BCL2 in lymphocytes of children with severe ASD was reduced by 2-2.5 times (p<0.01), and the level of expression of the pro-apoptotic BAX gene was increased by 1.8-2.3 (p<0.01) times higher compared to the control. This may indicate an increase in oxidative stress and apoptosis in patients with severe ASD.
THERMODYNAMIC MODELING OF SYSTEMS WITH BENZOIC ACID AS MODEL SYSTEMS FOR PHARMACEUTICALS
Authors: Pastukhov A. 
Published: November 2022

In this article, experimental investigation and thermodynamic modelling of benzoic acid (BA) solubility in organic solvents was made. Phase diagrams of binary systems of benzoic acid – benzophenone and benzoic acid – benzil were investigated by the thermal analysis methods. Phase diagrams are studied and eutectic coordinates in these systems were determinated. Eutectic point temperature (310.3 K) and composition of benzoic acid (18 mol. %) for benzoic acid – benzophenone system and eutectic point temperature (348.5 K) and mole fraction of benzoic acid (35 mol. %) for benzoic acid – benzil system were found. In the form of a linear relationship solubility curves of benzoic acid ln X = a – b/T, X – mole fraction BA, T – temperature in K in methyl acetate (a = 2.7748, b = 1389.7), ethyl acetate (a = 1.8099, b = 1102.6), n-propyl acetate (a = 0.9580, b = 854.2), n-butyl acetate (a = 1.2178, b = 902.0), n-pentyl acetate
(a = 1.0719, b = 836.0), 1,4-dioxane (a = 0.0164, b = 406.0), chlorobenzene (a = 8.2765, b = 3268.4), n-decane (a = 12.332, b = 4916.9), n-dodecane (a = 14.623, b = 5808.1) were introduced. The solubility of benzoic acid in solvents at 298 K were calculated using the Hildebrand and Hansen solubility parameters. Comparison of the experimental and literature data was hold. Dependence of benzoic acid solubility on difference of the solubility parameters and the reduced radius was established. Models for the thermodynamic description of the solubility of substances in organic solvents are considered using benzoic acid as an example. Regular solution models with Hansen solubility parameters for express calculate solubility method of benzoic acid in organic solvents were recommended.
Biochemical Parameters in Confirmed Covid-19 Patients: A Hospital Based Study from Eastern Nepal
Authors: Niraula A. , Gelal B. , Lamsal M. , Karki D. , Chhetri R. 
Published: November 2022

Background COVID-19 has posed a global threat to almost every part of the world. The disease has varied form of presentation and the modern medicine has still not been able to provide definite treatment for the disease.
Objective To assess the biochemical parameters in confirmed patients of COVID-19 admitted at B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (BPKIHS), Dharan, Nepal.
Method This is a retrospective hospital based cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Biochemistry, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan from October to December, 2020. Convenient sampling technique was used to enroll the data of the patients for whom the biochemical parameters were requested by the clinicians. Routine biochemical tests were performed in Cobas c311 autoanalyzer.
Result A total of 202 patients with confirmed COVID-19 infections and admitted at COVID Hospital, BPKIHS were enrolled. The findings depict an elevated liver enzyme (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase and cardiac enzymes (creatine kinase-total and creatine kinase- MB) in the study population. Increased serum ferritin (1026.08±220.53), hs CRP (41.52±5.22) and lactate dehydrogenase 360 [303.50-526.75] was found in the patients. Also, majority of the patients (> 50%) had abnormal biochemical findings.
Conclusion Biomarkers like C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase and ferritin have shown significant clinical implications in effective management, monitoring, and assessment of the severity of disease in COVID- 19 patients. Simple and cost-effective markers like CRP, LDH, HbA1c could be used for monitoring the severity of COVID-19 infection.
Prevalence and Determinants of Type 2 Diabetes among the Pulmonary Tuberculosis Cases in Nepal: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Mahato R. K. , Laohasiriwong W. , Koju R. P. 
Published: November 2022

Background Since prehistoric time to the earlier 20th century, diabetes was accounted as comorbidity among tuberculosis patients, which is reducing the treatment efficiency.
Objective To investigate the prevalence and determinants of type 2 diabetes mellitus among tuberculosis patients in central development region of Nepal.
Method An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted by using structured questionnaire. Face to face interview as well as reviewing of the medical records of the tuberculosis cases has been performed during September 2018 - February 2019. The systematic random sampling was applied to select 306 tuberculosis cases. Then the respondents were examined for blood glucose level as well as Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) level to identify TB with Diabetes Mellitus. The proportion of respondents with fasting blood glucose level ≥ 126 mg/dl or a random blood glucose ≥ 200 mg/dl was considered as Tuberculosis with Diabetes Mellitus cases. Similarly, haemoglobin A1C ≥ 7% was accessed as amplified risk for tuberculosis. Multiple logistic regression was performed to analyse the factors associated with Tuberculosis with Diabetes Mellitus by using STATA. P value < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant.
Result A total of 306 tuberculosis patients were included in the study. The mean ± standard deviation of age of participants was 36.82±15.94 years. The proportion of male slightly exceeded than that of female with a ratio of 1.73:1. The prevalence of TBDM was 17.32% (95% CI: 13.05-21.58) of all diagnosed tuberculosis cases. Our multivariable analysis identified the factors those were associated with TBDM were age ≥ 45 years (adj.OR=3.97, 95% CI 1.81-8.71, p value 0.001), patients residing in the urban areas (adj.OR=9.75, 95% CI 1.99-47.6, p value 0.005), had Body Mass Index (BMI) <18.5 Kg/m2 (adj.OR=3.20, 95% CI 1.58-6.51, p value 0.001), had diastolic blood pressure ≥ 80 mmHg (adj.OR=2.34, 95% CI 1.17-4.66, p value 0.015) and patients who were treated with Cat II and Cat III tuberculosis treatment regimens (adj.OR=2.65, 95% CI 1.22-5.73, p value 0.013).
Conclusion The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus among tuberculosis patients was higher than prevalence of diabetes in general population of Nepal and it was higher among male, urban residents, patients with low BMI and the older aged tuberculosis patients.
Structural, electrical and thermoelectric characterizations of bismuth-doped ZnO ceramic material
Authors: Bui Thang Minh , Truong Dai Cao , Nguyen Phung Y , Pham Anh Tuan Thanh , Hoang Dung Van , Nguyen Truong Huu , Tran Vinh Cao , Phan Thang Bach 
Published: November 2022

Introduction: ZnO is a potential semiconductor material for thermoelectric (TE) applications at high temperature. In this study, doping Bi atoms aims to improve the power factor of ZnO ceramic. Based on the analyses of structural and TE properties, the enhancement in Seebeck coefficient proves the benefit of Bi doping. Methods: The ZnO and Bi-doped ZnO (BZO) ceramics were fabricated by solid-state reaction at 1400oC in air. The Seebeck LSR-3 system measured both samples’ TE properties, with a combined Hall effect at room temperature. The crystalline structure was analyzed through the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. Results: The XRD patterns show all samples having polycrystalline hexagonal wurtzite structure. Although the crystallinity is enhanced, Bi doping reduces significantly carrier concentration from 3.4×1019 to 1.1×1019 cm-3 at room temperature. As a result at 500oC, the electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and power factor are 126 Scm-1, -99 µVK-1, and 124 µWm-1K-2 for pure ZnO; and 76 Scm-1, -142 µVK-1, and 165 µWm-1K-2 for BZO ceramic, respectively. Conclusion: The power factor of Bi-doped ZnO is improved by 32% as compared to pure ZnO at 500oC. The raise of Seebeck coefficient is the main reason for the growth of power factor.
The ethanol extract of Edgeworthia gardneri (Wall.) Meisn attenuates macrophage foam cell formation and atherogenesis in ApoE−/− mice
Authors: Tang Le , Kuang Cuifang , Shan Dan , Shi Min , Li Jiangsheng , Qiu Liang , Yu Jun 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionAtherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. The Edgeworthia gardneri (Wall.) Meisn is a Tibetan medicine commonly used to prepare herbal tea to alleviate the local people's metabolic diseases. However, the anti-atherosclerotic effect of ethanol extract of the flower of E. gardneri (Wall.) Meisn (EEEG) and its underlying mechanism remain unknown.MethodsEEEG was used to treat low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced macrophages to detect macrophage foaminess, cholesterol binding and uptake, and lipid transport-related gene expression. eEEG treated ApoE−/− mice fed a high-fat diet for 16 weeks to detect atherosclerotic plaque area, macrophage infiltration, and liver and small intestine lipid transport-related gene expression.ResultsEEEG inhibited macrophage-derived foam cell formation induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) by reducing CD36-mediated lipoprotein uptake. EEEG significantly alleviated atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− mice fed a high-fat diet for 16 weeks. EEEG treatment significantly decreased atherosclerotic plaque area, macrophage infiltration, and increased collagen content. Moreover, EEEG treatment significantly downregulated mRNA expression of hepatic Srb1 and intestinal Npc1l1 and increased expression of hepatic Cyp7a1.ConclusionOur study highlighted that EEEG played a role in attenuating atherosclerotic plaque formation by reducing macrophage foam cell formation.
Association of chronic kidney disease with all-cause mortality in patients hospitalized for atrial fibrillation and impact of clinical and socioeconomic factors on this association
Authors: Bao Min-qiang , Shu Gui-jun , Chen Chuan-jin , Chen Yi-nong , Wang Jie , Wang Yu 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) often co-occur, and many of the same clinical factors and indicators of socioeconomic status (SES) are associated with both diseases. The effect of the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) on all-cause mortality in AF patients and the impact of SES on this relationship are uncertain.Materials and methodsThis retrospective study examined 968 patients who were admitted for AF. Patients were divided into four groups based on eGFR at admission: eGFR-0 (normal eGFR) to eGFR-3 (severely decreased eGFR). The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Cox regression analysis was used to identify the effect of eGFR on mortality, and subgroup analyses to determine the impact of confounding factors.ResultsA total of 337/968 patients (34.8%) died during follow-up. The average age was 73.70 ± 10.27 years and there were 522 males (53.9%). More than 39% of these patients had CKD (eGFR &lt; 60 mL/min/1.73 m2), 319 patients with moderately decreased eGFR and 67 with severely decreased eGFR. After multivariate adjustment and relative to the eGFR-0 group, the risk for all-cause death was greater in the eGFR-2 group (HR = 2.416, 95% CI = 1.366–4.272, p = 0.002) and the eGFR-3 group (HR = 4.752, 95% CI = 2.443–9.242, p &lt; 0.00001), but not in the eGFR-1 group (p &gt; 0.05). Subgroup analysis showed that moderately to severely decreased eGFR only had a significant effect on all-cause death in patients with low SES.ConclusionModerately to severely decreased eGFR in AF patients was independently associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality, especially in those with lower SES.
Multivessel vs. culprit vessel-only percutaneous coronary intervention in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction with and without cardiogenic shock
Authors: Wu Jing , Wang Yonggang , Li Chenguang , Ji Honglei , Zhao Wenyi , Tong Qian , Zhang Mingyou 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundEarly revascularization of the culprit vessel is the most effective treatment for reducing the risk of mortality from acute STEMI with and without cardiogenic shock. However, the most recent trends and impact of multivessel percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) during the index hospitalization on in-hospital outcomes are unknown.MethodsThe National Inpatient Sample was queried from October 2015 to 2019 for hospitalizations with STEMI. The impact of multivessel PCI on in-hospital outcomes of patients with and without cardiogenic shock was evaluated.ResultsOf 624,605 STEMI hospitalizations treated with PCI, 12.5% were complicated by cardiogenic shock. Among hospitalizations without cardiogenic shock, 15.7% were treated by multivessel PCI, which declined from 20.8% in 2015 to 13.9% in 2019 (Ptrend &lt; 0.001). Multivessel and culprit-only PCI had similar rates of In-hospital mortality (2.4 vs. 2.3%, p = 0.027) and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE; 7.4 vs. 7.2%, p = 0.072). Among hospitalizations with cardiogenic shock, 22.1% were treated by multivessel PCI, which declined from 29.2% in 2015 to 19.4% in 2019 (Ptrend &lt; 0.001). Multivessel PCI was associated with higher rates of in-hospital mortality (30.9 vs. 28.4%, p &lt; 0.001) and MACCE (39.9 vs. 36.5%, p &lt; 0.001) than culprit-only PCI.ConclusionThe frequency of multivessel PCI for STEMI with and without cardiogenic shock is declining. Multivessel PCI is associated with worse in-hospital outcomes for STEMI with cardiogenic shock but not for STEMI without cardiogenic shock.
An unusually productive microearthquake sequence brings new insights to the buried active thrust system of Montello (Southeastern Alps, Northern Italy)
Authors: Peruzza Laura , Romano Maria Adelaide , Guidarelli Mariangela , Moratto Luca , Garbin Marco , Priolo Enrico 
Published: November 2022

In August 2021, an extremely productive seismic sequence took place in northeastern Italy. Within 1 month, we identified and localized 407 microearthquakes in the area monitored by the local Collalto Seismic Network. This is about 20 times the average monthly rate of events detected in the last decade; 92% of them are clustered near the village of Refrontolo at about 9 km depth (main event a ML2.5, MW2.4). None of the Refrontolo sequence earthquakes were felt by the population. The earthquakes, mostly identified by automatic procedures, were post-processed by manual picking of P, S-phases and polarities; they were localized by different techniques and define a small SE dipping volume that departs from the brittle surface previously enlightened by microseisms and assigned to the NNW dipping Montello Thrust. We interpret the sequence ruptured pre-stressed patches near to failure of sub-vertical, antithetically oriented faults. The unusual productivity rate and precursory foreshock activity support the hypothesis that the Montello system has a relevant aseismic component. We believe that this episode, of no importance from an energetic point of view, is of greatest interest for deciphering the seismic potential of this area and for strengthening automatic microearthquake detection and location procedures.
Sleep patterns in patients treated for non-secreting intra- and parasellar tumors: A self-report case-control study
Authors: Wild Carl Mathis , Stieg Mareike , Stalla Günter K. , Jung-Sievers Caroline , Auer Matthias K. , Athanasoulia-Kaspar Anastasia P. 
Published: November 2022

PurposeIn this study we evaluate sleep patterns of patients treated for non-secreting intra- and parasellar tumors and age- and sex-matched healthy controls.MethodsWe conducted a self-report cross-sectional case-control study with 104 patients treated for non-secreting intra- and parasellar tumors and 1800 healthy controls in an 1:8 matching. All subjects answered the Munich ChronoType Questionnaire, whereas patients were provided the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, the Short-Form 36 Health survey, the Beck Depression Inventory and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory additionally.ResultsPatients treated for non-secreting intra- and parasellar tumors go to bed earlier, fall asleep earlier, need less time to prepare to sleep but also to get up. Additionally, they lie and sleep longer. The subgroup analysis showed that patients with secondary adrenal insufficiency compared to controls experienced shorter daily light exposure and longer sleep latency. Higher hydrocortisone dose (&gt;20mg) was associated with worse score in global, physical and mental health, shorter time to prepare to sleep, earlier sleep onset and longer sleep duration.ConclusionOur study shows that patients treated for non-secreting intra- and parasellar tumors, even if successfully treated, experience altered sleep patterns compared to controls. We suggest that managing clinicians should enlighten these possible sleep alterations to their patients and use specific questionnaires to document sleep disturbances. Additionally, when treating patients surgically, especially by transcranial approach, damaging the suprachiasmatic nucleus should be avoided. Furthermore, circadian hydrocortisone replacement therapy ideally with dual-release hydrocortisone - if possible, in a dose not more than 20mg daily - that resembles physiological cortisol levels more closely may be beneficial and could improve sleep patterns and sleep-related quality of life.
The polymorphisms of MIR31HG gene is correlated with alcohol-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head in Chinese Han male population
Authors: Liu Wei , Wang Xin , Chen JianFei , Zeng Fan , Xiong Jun 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundAlcoholic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a multifaceted illness that seriously disturbs the patients’ quality of life. The role of lncRNAs in alcoholic ONFH has attracted widespread attention in recent years. This study mainly explored whether MIR31HG polymorphism affects the risk of ONFH.MethodsThere were 733 males (308 alcohol-induced ONFH patients and 425 healthy controls). Seven single nucleotide polymorphisms from MIR31HG were genotyped using the Agena MassARRAY platform. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) via logistic regression was applied to assess the contribution of MIR31HG variants to alcoholic ONFH susceptibility.ResultsWe found that rs10965059 was related to a lower risk of alcoholic ONFH in the overall, age, and necrotic sites analysis. Rs10965064 also showed a risk-reducing effect in the occurrence of alcoholic ONFH patients older than 40 years old.ConclusionsWe confirmed that MIR31HG variants have a significant correlation with the occurrence of alcoholic ONFH among the Chinese Han male population. our findings may provide new ideas for understanding the effect of MIR31HG on the prevention and diagnosis of alcoholic ONFH.
Integrative analyses of potential biomarkers and pathways for non-obstructive azoospermia
Authors: Zhong Yucheng , Chen Xiaoqing , Zhao Jun , Deng Hao , Li Xiaohang , Xie Zhongju , Zhou Bingyu , Xian Zhuojie , Li Xiaoqin , Luo Guoqun , Li Huan 
Published: November 2022

Background: Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) is the most severe form of male infertility. Currently, the molecular mechanisms underlying NOA pathology have not yet been elucidated. Hence, elucidation of the mechanisms of NOA and exploration of potential biomarkers are essential for accurate diagnosis and treatment of this disease. In the present study, we aimed to screen for biomarkers and pathways involved in NOA and reveal their potential molecular mechanisms using integrated bioinformatics.Methods: We downloaded two gene expression datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in NOA and matched the control group tissues were identified using the limma package in R software. Subsequently, Gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, gene-microRNAs network, and transcription factor (TF)-hub genes regulatory network analyses were performed to identify hub genes and associated pathways. Finally, we conducted immune infiltration analysis using CIBERSORT to evaluate the relationship between the hub genes and the NOA immune infiltration levels.Results: We identified 698 common DEGs, including 87 commonly upregulated and 611 commonly downregulated genes in the two datasets. GO analysis indicated that the most significantly enriched gene was protein polyglycylation, and KEGG pathway analysis revealed that the DEGs were most significantly enriched in taste transduction and pancreatic secretion signaling pathways. GSEA showed that DEGs affected the biological functions of the ribosome, focaladhesion, and protein_expor. We further identified the top 31 hub genes from the PPI network, and friends analysis of hub genes in the PPI network showed that NR4A2 had the highest score. In addition, immune infiltration analysis found that CD8+ T cells and plasma cells were significantly correlated with ODF3 expression, whereas naive B cells, plasma cells, monocytes, M2 macrophages, and resting mast cells showed significant variation in the NR4A2 gene expression group, and there were differences in T cell regulatory immune cell infiltration in the FOS gene expression groups.Conclusion: The present study successfully constructed a regulatory network of DEGs between NOA and normal controls and screened three hub genes using integrative bioinformatics analysis. In addition, our results suggest that functional changes in several immune cells in the immune microenvironment may play an important role in spermatogenesis. Our results provide a novel understanding of the molecular mechanisms of NOA and offer potential biomarkers for its diagnosis and treatment.