bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Composition and Power of the Jet of the Broad-line Radio Galaxy 3C 120
Authors: Zdziarski Andrzej A. , Phuravhathu Dakalo G. , Sikora Marek , Böttcher Markus , Chibueze James O. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We calculated the electron–positron pair-production rate at the base of the jet of 3C 120 due to collisions of photons from the hot accretion flow using the measurement of its average soft gamma-ray spectrum by the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory. We found that this rate approximately equals the flow rate of leptons emitting the observed synchrotron radio-to-IR spectrum of the jet core, calculated using the extended jet model following Blandford & Königl. This coincidence shows the jet composition is likely to be pair dominated. We then calculated the jet power in the bulk motion of ions and found it greatly exceeds that achievable by the magnetically arrested disk scenario for the maximum black hole spin unless the jet contains mostly pairs. Next, we found that the magnetic flux through the synchrotron-emitting jet equals the maximum poloidal flux that can thread the black hole. Finally, we compared two estimates of the magnetization parameter at the onset of the synchrotron emission and found they are in agreement only if pairs dominate the jet content.
Effects of Channa striata Extract on Albumin Serum and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Hyperglycemic Rats with Wound Injury: A Randomized Control Study
Authors: Taslim Nurpudji Astuti , Fitriana Nur , Suprapti Ni Luh Eka , Marsella Caroline Prisilia , Bukhari Agussalim , Rasyid Haerani , Aminuddin Aminuddin , As’ad Suryani , Aman Andi Makbul , Madjid Mardiana 
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: Patients with hyperglycemia often experience slow wound healing due to poor circulation. Extract from the striped snakehead fish Channa striata has anti-inflammatory properties and a high albumin level. It has been widely used to accelerate wound healing in a post-operative setting.

AIM: This study evaluated the effect of the C. striata extract Pujimin Plus® on the albumin serum level and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in hyperglycemic rats experiencing wound injury.

METHODS: This randomized controlled experiment was performed in 30 streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic adult male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). The rats were intentionally wounded, and the albumin and NLR levels were evaluated regularly. Overall, 15 rats in the intervention group were given 81 mg/day C. striata extract, and 15 rats in the control group received sodium-carboxymethyl cellulose as a placebo for 10 days.

RESULTS: After 10 days of intervention the albumin level in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group (2.66 ± 0.36 vs. 2.46 ± 0.13 g/dL, p > 0.05); the intervention group also showed a lower neutrophil level (23.22% vs. 26.98%, p > 0.05), a higher lymphocyte level (65.66% vs. 62.16%, p > 0.05), and a lower NLR value (0.37 vs. 0.45, p > 0.05). None of these results was statistically significant.

CONCLUSION: There was a possible positive effect of C. striata extract on albumin serum level and NLR value following wound injury in hyperglycemic rats.
Peculiarities of Action of Catecholamines and their Metabolites in the Regulation of Cardiomyocyte Enzymes
Authors: Tapbergenov Salavat , Sovetov Bakytbek , Kairkhanova Ynkar , Smailova Zhanargul 
Published: March 2022

Абстрактный
Background: Myocardial ischemia is accompanied by a significant increase in adrenaline content in the heart. By its nature, sympathetic hyperactivation is accompanied by increased formation of products of enzymatic and non-enzymatic metabolism of adrenaline and its analogues, which can change the use of ATP by cells, change the activity of mitochondrial and cytosolic enzymes, contributing to disruption of bioenergetic adaptation, antioxidant defense system and levels of intercellular modulators such as AMP and adenosine. The study objective was to explore the features of adrenaline and its analogues in the regulation of the activity of mitochondrial and cytoplasmic enzymes of cardiomyocytes.
Methods: The experiment was carried out on 65 three-month-old male Wistar rats weighing 60-190 g. To study the effects of catecholamines and their metabolites in the regulation of mitochondrial and cytoplasmic enzymes activity of cardiomyocytes, experimental rats were put to death by intraperitoneal injection of 10% ketamine in an amount of 0.25 mg per 100 g. Activity of mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase, cytochrome c oxidase, mitochondrial DNP-activated ATPase, adenosine deaminase (AD), AMP deaminase (AMPD), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GPO) were determined.
Results: Dopamine has the greatest activating effect on cardiac mitochondrial ADH, adrenaline on CHO, and adrenochrome and adrenoxyl on ATPase. Isadrine and dopamine reduce cardiac AMPase activity. An activating effect on cardiac mitochondrial AMP deaminase was found only in norepinephrine.
Заключение. В кардиомиоцитах адреналин активирует цитозольные ферменты метаболизма пуриновых нуклеотидов AD и AMPD, а также повышает уровень перекисного окисления липидов (MDA и DC). Это доказывает, что адреналин, воздействуя на адренорецепторные механизмы, приводит организм в состояние окислительного стресса. Гормоны-медиаторы симпато-адреналовой системы адреналин, дофамин, норадреналин, изадрин и метаболиты катехоламинов (адренохром и адреноксил), изменяют активность ферментов митохондриальной дыхательной цепи кардиомиоцитов, а также регулируют процессы тканевого дыхания, переводя митохондрии в состояние «рыхлого» состояния. «сочетание дыхания и фосфорилирования.
Faunistic study of butterflies (Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea) of Sulaymaniyah Province, Kurdistan-Iraq
Authors: Khudhur Farhad 
Published: March 2022

This study investigates the butterfly fauna (Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea) of Sulaymaniyah Province, in Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Investigations were carried out between April 2016 and April 2021, during which butterfly specimens were collected from 34 different localities throughout Sulaymaniyah Province. The collected butterflies belonged to 103 species within five families: five species of Papilionidae, 19 species of Hesperiidae, 18 species of Pieridae, 25 species of Lycaenidae and 36 species of Nymphalidae.
Eight species, Carcharodus stauderi Reverdin, 1913, Thymelicus hyrax Lederer, 1861, Gonepteryx rhamni (Linnaeus, 1758) Pieris krueperi Staudinger, 1860, Colias erate Esper, 1803, Polyommatus thersites (Cantener, 1835), Brenthis mofidii Wyatt, 1968 and Pseudochazara mamurra Herrich-Schäffer, 1852 have been added as new records to the fauna of Iraqi butterflies.
Impactos ambientales asociados a la huella de carbono y la energía incorporada del ciclo de vida de una edificación en Medellín
Authors: Steven Pardo Nicolás , León Penagos Guillermo , Acevedo Harlem 
Published: March 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es la implementación de un modelo que permita calcular la huella de carbono y la energía incorporada de una edificación. Para esto se hizo un análisis mediante el software UMBERTO NXT CO2 de las fases 1 y 2 del ciclo de vida de la edificación, como se describe a continuación: Fase 1, materiales e insumos y Fase 2, construcción. Las emisiones de la Fase 3, derivadas de la operación de edificaciones, y Fase 4, final de ciclo de vida, no forman parte del alcance del presente estudio. Se encontró que las etapas de extracción de la materia prima y la fabricación de materiales en la Fase 1 generan más del 93% de la huella de carbono y más del 87% para la energía incorporada. Las demás fases no presentaron porcentajes significativos en estos dos indicadores.
Population Dynamics of Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout in Henrys Lake, Idaho
Authors: McCarrick Darcy K. , Dillon Jeffrey C. , High Brett , Quist Michael C. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout (YCT) Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri is a species with significant ecological and recreational value. In many YCT fisheries, managers are tasked with balancing angler expectations and fish conservation. Henrys Lake supports a popular trophy trout fishery, but the increase of nonnative Utah Chub Gila atraria has caused concern for YCT. We summarized long-term trends in abundance, length structure, body condition, and growth of YCT to evaluate the effect of Utah Chub. Additionally, we investigated abiotic and biotic factors influencing YCT. We examined archived hard structures to provide a comprehensive evaluation of changes in age and growth of YCT in the system. We used stocking records and catch rates of Utah Chub and trout in Henrys Lake as covariates to explain changes in YCT catch rates and growth. Catch rates varied from 1.5 to 15.4 YCT per net night during the 2002 to 2020 sampling period, but we did not identify consistent patterns. Length structure was consistently dominated by stock- to quality-length fish, and we captured few fish &gt;600 mm in total length. Relative weight of YCT was decreased from a mean ± standard deviation (SD) of 115.9 ± 16.5 in 2004 to 93.2 ± 8.2 in 2020. The age of YCT varied between 1 and 11 years; fish that we captured during 2010 to 2020 were the oldest. The majority of fish that we sampled were age 4 and younger. Total annual mortality of age-2 and older YCT was higher than other Cutthroat Trout populations (i.e., 0.70 during 2002 to 2010 and 0.60 during 2011 to 2020). Based on regression models, we identified positive relationships between catch rates of YCT, Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis, and Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss × YCT hybrid trout. We observed negative relationships between growth of YCT and abundance of Utah Chub and Brook Trout. Although we identified negative relationships, YCT growth in recent decades is as fast as or faster than earlier time periods. Results from this research suggest that major changes in YCT population dynamics are not evident over the last 20 years. This study provides insight into the factors influencing an adfluvial trout population. In particular, results from this research may be useful for managers of systems where Utah Chub have been introduced.
La différenciation régionale du chômage en Tchécoslovaquie dans un contexte de mutation économique et de désintégration territoriale
Authors: Tomes Jiri 
Published: March 2022

Pour comprendre la divergence de l’évolution du chômage dans les deux républiques tchèque et slovaque, il est nécessaire d’analyser d’abord les conditions initiales d’accroissement et de développement de celui-ci. Dès la fin de l’année 1990, les taux de chômage laissent percevoir une différence (1,5 % en Slovaquie contre 0,8 % en République tchèque). Au fur et à mesure de la diffusion du chômage dans toutes les catégories d’activité, cette différence ne fait que s’accroître pour culminer au début de l’année 1992 (12,7 % en Slovaquie contre 4,4 % en République tchèque). L’analyse fine des différenciations régionales du chômage à cette date permet alors de montrer que les facteurs explicatifs sont beaucoup plus complexes que ceux qui ont été invoqués lors du débat sur la séparation. Le poids des facteurs historiques et géographiques de longue durée apparaît essentiel. L’analyse catégorielle du chômage par sexe, âge, niveau d’étude et durée d’inactivité permet de préciser la répartition du chômage et les mécanismes sociaux de sa diffusion.
La résurgence des frontières du passé : éléments de la différenciation culturelle et politique du territoire tchécoslovaque
Authors: Danek Petre 
Published: March 2022

L’hypothèse de base de ce travail est que les facteurs politiques, culturels ou religieux correspondent à des lignes de clivage potentielles qui sont réactivées en situation de crise majeure de la société. L’application au cas tchécoslovaque vise à mettre à jour ces lignes de clivage potentielles en examinant la distribution spatiale des ethnies et des religions depuis le début du XXe siècle. La distribution des religions montre l’existence d’une importante coupure Nord-Sud à l’intérieur de la Bohême : déterminée par l’opposition entre la religion catholique et les autres confessions au début du XXe siècle, cette ligne de clivage oppose aujourd’hui les zones de forte pratique religieuse au zones déchristianisées. Une certaine homogénéisation des confessions s’est opérée en république tchèque. Tel n’et pas le cas en Slovaquie, où la présence des minorités a induit le maintien des différences de pratiques religieuses (protestants hongrois, grecs orthodoxes, etc.). La pratique religieuse y demeure cependant beaucoup plus importante. Sur le plan ethnique, le bouleversement majeur est constitué par les conséquences de la Seconde Guerre mondiale (départ des Allemands, extermination des Juifs). L’affirmation, au recensement de 1991, d’une identité morave est venue toutefois ajouter un élément nouveau. Il est difficile de savoir si le mouvement morave est lié à une réelle affirmation ethnique ou simplement à la recherche d’une autonomie relative dans la conduite des affaires régionales.
Migrations et effets de barrière en Tchécoslovaquie (1960-1989)
Authors: Cattan Nadine , Grasland Claude 
Published: March 2022

Dans un premier temps, l’article propose une méthode permettant de mesurer avec précision les effets de barrière migratoire induits par la présence d’une limite politique ou administrative. On propose d’assimiler le franchissement d’une limite à une distance particulière qui, introduite dans un modèle gravitaire en plus de la distance physique, permet de mesurer la perméabilité de la frontière à l’aide d’un coefficient variant entre 0 et 1.L’application de ce modèle aux migrations entre les 10 régions (kraj) tchécoslovaques permet de montrer que le franchissement de la limite des deux républiques induit une réduction des flux migratoires de l’ordre de 60 % en 1989. L’analyse diachronique montre que cette réduction des flux inter-républicains n’était que d’environ 40 % en 1960, et que l’effet de barrière s’est particulièrement renforcé au cours de la période 1970-1980 pour se stabiliser après cette date. Différentes interprétations de ce mouvement sont alors proposées et conduisent à s’interroger sur les relations possibles entre cette réduction des flux inter-républicains et la partition de la Tchécoslovaquie en 1993.
Perception de la qualité de la vie et comportement spatial de la population rurale dans les environs de Bratislava
Authors: Kollar Daniel 
Published: March 2022

L’objectif de ce travail est d’examiner comment la perception de la qualité de la vie influe sur le comportement spatial des populations. L’application concerne plus particulièrement la vision que les populations rurales des environs de Bratislava ont de la qualité de la vie dans les centres urbains, en fonction des niveaux (du centre local à la métropole de Bratislava). Ce travail s’appuie sur une enquête par questionnaire auprès de 578 personnes. Il montre tout d’abord que l’attrait pour un lieu est fortement lié à la distance à celui-ci. En général, les préférences des habitants vont d’abord à leur propre commune, puis à la ville la plus proche et enfin à Bratislava. Les autres communes rurales ou les autres villes sont jugées beaucoup moins attractives. L’analyse des facteurs de topophilie et de topophobie montre des contrastes très marqués selon les types de lieux. Ainsi, le rejet de Bratislava est presque toujours lié à des raisons de pollution ou de bruit, tandis que le rejet d’une commune rurale voisine est souvent associé à des considérations ethniques. Quant à la préférence pour sa propre commune, elle est liée dans près de la moitié des cas au fait qu’il s’agit du lieu de naissance. La perception de la qualité de la vie génère une volonté de migration plus potentielle que réelle, puisque moins de 6 % des personnes interrogées considère cette mobilité comme possible.
« First New Society » - Saisir le nationalisme islandais
Authors: Cordier Lionel 
Published: March 2022

Cet article se propose de décrire et analyser les mécanismes discursifs du nationalisme islandais contemporain et ses expressions les plus emblématiques de ces dernières années à travers les référendums IceSave, le mouvement InDefence, et les appels à un retour aux valeurs traditionnelles islandaises suite à la crise économique de 2008. Le nationalisme islandais possède en effet un certain nombre de caractéristiques qui le distinguent fortement de ses autres voisins nordiques : le caractère insulaire de l’Islande, sa position historique en périphérie de l’Europe, sa taille et sa dépendance passée et présente à d’autres grandes puissances occidentales. Ces spécificités aident à comprendre l’attachement marqué des Islandais à leur pays, mais aussi la faiblesse politique d’organisations politiques d’extrême-droite au sein du paysage partisan insulaire.
Bona Fide Th17 Cells without Th1 Functional Plasticity Protect against Influenza
Authors: Dhume Kunal , Finn Caroline M , Devarajan Priyadharshini , Singh Ayushi , Tejero Joanne D , Prokop Emily , Strutt Tara M , Sell Stewart , Swain Susan L , McKinstry Karl Kai 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Optimal transcriptional programming needed for CD4 T cells to protect against influenza A virus (IAV) is unclear. Most IAV-primed CD4 T cells fit Th1 criteria. However, cells deficient for the Th1 “master regulator,” T-bet, although marked by reduced Th1 identity, retain robust protective capacity. In this study, we show that T-bet’s paralog, Eomesodermin (Eomes), is largely redundant in the presence of T-bet but is essential for the residual Th1 attributes of T-bet–deficient cells. Cells lacking both T-bet and Eomes instead develop concurrent Th17 and Th2 responses driven by specific inflammatory signals in the infected lung. Furthermore, the transfer of T-bet– and Eomes-deficient Th17, but not Th2, effector cells protects mice from lethal IAV infection. Importantly, these polyfunctional Th17 effectors do not display functional plasticity in vivo promoting gain of Th1 attributes seen in wild-type Th17 cells, which has clouded evaluation of the protective nature of Th17 programming in many studies. Finally, we show that primary and heterosubtypic IAV challenge is efficiently cleared in T-bet– and Eomes double-deficient mice without enhanced morbidity despite a strongly Th17-biased inflammatory response. Our studies thus demonstrate unexpectedly potent antiviral capacity of unadulterated Th17 responses against IAV, with important implications for vaccine design.
Understanding the Factors Associated with Hiv and Stis Diagnosis among Black Heterosexual Men in Ottawa and Windsor, Ontario
Authors: Etowa Josephine , Omorodion Francisca , Mbagwu Ikenna , Etowa Egbe , Ghose Bishwajit 
Published: March 2022

Background The African, Caribbean and Black (ACB) men living in Canada share a heightened risk of infection by Human Immunodeficiency Virus and other sexually transmitted illnesses (STIs) and the associated risky behaviours such as suboptimal use of family planning services such as condom use. The African, Caribbean and Black (ACB) heterosexual men living in Canada are disproportionately exposed to HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. The present paper aims to assess the relationship between knowledge, attitude and use of condom with diagnosis of HIV and STIs among ACB heterosexual men in Ontario. Design and Methods This was a cross-sectional study on 430 participants consisting of black heterosexual men living two communities, Ottawa and Windsor in Ontario. The outcome variables were ever being diagnosed with HIV (Yes/No) and other STIs (Yes/No). Data were analysed using descriptive, and logistic regression techniques. Results Findings indicated that 70.20% did not have good knowledge of HIV, 68.10% had positive attitude towards condom use, and 62.82% were not regular condom user. Men who reported experiencing difficulty in accessing healthcare services had significantly higher odds of reporting HIV and STI diagnosis. Men with positive attitude towards condom use had lower odds of both HIV (odds ratio= 0.48, 95%CI=0.30,0.76) and STI diagnosis (odds ratio= 0.27, 95%CI=0.08,0.90). Similarly, condom users also had lower odds of both HIV and (odds ratio= 0.21, 95%CI=0.09,0.49) STI diagnosis (odds ratio= 0.62, 95%CI=0.39,0.99). Conclusions A large proportion of the sample with positive attitude to condom use was not a reflection of the large sample who did not have correct knowledge of HIV. Several factors were also found to be associated with heightened odds of being diagnosed with HIV and other STIs. The most notable of these factors were experiences of difficulty in accessing healthcare and utilisation of condoms.
Model spaces invariant under composition operators
Authors: Muthukumar P. , Sarkar Jaydeb 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGiven a holomorphic self-map
$\varphi $
of
$\mathbb {D}$
(the open unit disc in
$\mathbb {C}$
), the composition operator
$C_{\varphi } f = f \circ \varphi $
,
$f \in H^2(\mathbb {\mathbb {D}})$
, defines a bounded linear operator on the Hardy space
$H^2(\mathbb {\mathbb {D}})$
. The model spaces are the backward shift-invariant closed subspaces of
$H^2(\mathbb {\mathbb {D}})$
, which are canonically associated with inner functions. In this paper, we study model spaces that are invariant under composition operators. Emphasis is put on finite-dimensional model spaces, affine transformations, and linear fractional transformations.
On the issue of prison overcrowding and domestic remedies
Authors: КИРИЛОВСКАЯ Н.Н. 
Published: March 2022

В статье раскрываются национальные средства правовой защиты от данного нарушения и проводится оценка их эффективности с позиции Европейского суда по правам человека. Автором сделан ряд теоретических выводов и внесены практические предложения.
The article reveals national remedies for this violation and assesses their effectiveness from the position of the European Court of Human Rights. The author made a number of theoretical conclusions and practical proposals.
Forensic and criminological characteristics of crimes
Authors: Дугенец А.С. , Самойлова А.А. 
Published: March 2022

В статье рассматриваются вопросы криминологической и криминалистической характеристики преступлений. На основе анализа ее элементов сделан вывод, что они подчинены определенному порядку. В этой связи актуальность приобретает установление статистических закономерностей в характеристиках преступлений, лиц, их совершивших, форм и методов изобличения
The article deals with the issues of criminological and forensic characteristics of crimes. Based on the analysis of the elements of criminological and forensic characteristics of crimes it is concluded that they are subject to certain patterns. In this regard the establishment of statistical patterns in the characteristics of crimes, the persons who committed them, the forms and methods of incrimination becomes relevant