bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PERTUMBUHAN ROHANI ANAK DALAM KELUARGA KRISTEN MENURUT EFESUS 6:4
Authors: Roy Bryan , Yosef Antonius 
Published: February 2022

This study aims to examine the spiritual growth of children in Christian families according to the biblical perspective. The method used is the exegesis method by studying the background and paying attention from the point of view of the principle of biblical interpretation in general. The qualitative word itself implies an emphasis on processes and meanings that are not strictly examined or measured in terms of quantity, intensity, and frequency, but emphasize the nature ofsocially constructed reality, the relationship between the researcher and the investigated, and the situational limitations that make up research. The results of this study tend to highlight the main issue, namely: The existence of a Bible command about educating children that is not taken seriously by Christian parents. The spiritual growth of children in a Christian family is an important moment for the family. Moral damage to children in the present can damage future generations. The church must be involved in changing the wrong culture. Teaching in the family, verbally and non-verbally will ensure the future generations to worship God. Increasing the quality of the role of parents in children's spiritual growth activities in Christian families is very emphasized.
STUDI DESKRIPTIF PERAN PENDIDIKAN KRISTEN DALAM MENYIKAPI K-POP
Authors: Tiladuru Vena Melinda , Suseno Aji , Arifianto Yonatan Alex 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
Korean Wave (K-pop) is a popular culture that is so favored by teenagers, it has made local culture shift. The transfer of Korean Pop Culture spreads widely through social networks as if it could not be prevented. The entertainment industry, music, films, magazines and other aspects always present everything that is synonymous with Korean culture. Opium from Korean Pop Culture has a devastating impact on adolescents as a result (1) fanaticism of Indonesian teenagers makes it more interested in exploring Korean culture, (2) Not passionate about learning, (3) wasteful lifestyle, (4) The emergence of fanfic no child which leads to pornography and porno-action. This research method uses a qualitative description by describing the K-pop phenomenon that occurs in adolescents and how to deal with the impacts experienced by adolescents, especially Christian teenagers in Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that the handling of Christian adolescents who experience K-pop addiction can be started from the environment where they grew up, among others, the family environment, educational environment, church environment. Both families, schools, churches as well as other youth formation groups have a role to play in instilling Christian values ​​that lead them to experience spiritual growth. When the youth environment continues to introduce who Christ is for their lives, the example needed by youth has been answered through the example in Jesus Christ.
Association of Imposter Phenomenon and Burnout with Mode of Education among Medical Students of Pakistan
Authors: Ijaz Farhat , Bokhari Uswah , Khan Sehar Khauteja , Shoaib Uswah , Tariq Sana , Haris Rana Zaid , Khurram Aftab Rana 
Published: February 2022

Objective: Burnout and imposter phenomenon can significantly impact medical education. The aim of this study is to determine effect of imposter syndrome and burnout in medical students during online and face-face education in Pakistan.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at CMH Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry (CMH LMC & IOD) MBBS and BDS Department. Oldenburg Burnout Inventory was used for identifying burnout and Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale was used for identifying imposter characteristics in students. All data collected online using Microsoft forms were given an identification number to maintain anonymity and confidentiality.
Results:The mean impostorism score was higher in face-to-face (in class education) education however, analysis of the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale (CIPS) showed no significant association of imposter characteristics with the mode of education with a p-value of 0.053. The mean score for total burnout was higher during online education. The difference in burnout, exhaustion and disengagement during online mode of education and face-to-face mode of teaching was significant with a p-value of 0.001, 0.001, 0.002 respectively.
Conclusions Imposter characteristics are an intrinsic factor not affected by external environment. However, burnout is higher during online education which can be overwhelming and should be taken into consideration when designing curricula.
Key words: Imposter phenomenon, Burnout, Online Education, Traditional Education.
Caracterização dos óbitos notificados decorrentes de complicações dos cuidados médicos e cirúrgicos
Authors: Moura Vanessa Leal de Lima de , Batista Josemar , Amaro Maria Luiza de Medeiros , Borges Beatriz Essenfelder , Osses Ingrid Solange Evans 
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: descrever os casos de óbitos notificados por complicações de assistência médica e cirúrgica no Brasil entre 2015 a 2018. Método: descritivo e retrospectivo conduzido entre junho e julho de 2020 com os registros de óbitos extraídos do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade em Saúde. Os dados foram agrupados em dois biênios 2015-2016 e 2017-2018 e analisados por estatística descritiva e variações percentuais. Resultados: foram notificados 6.587 óbitos, com destaque para o biênio 2017-2018 (n=3.425;52%). Os óbitos ocasionados pelo uso de equipamentos médicos reduziram no Brasil, com variação percentual negativa de 15,4% entre os biênios. Houve aumento das mortes por efeitos adversos de drogas/medicamentos com variação percentual positiva de 12,2%. O número de óbitos por acidentes durante a assistência hospitalar se manteve estacionário. Conclusão: observaram-se alterações nos registros de óbitos notificados no Brasil, e expandir ações preventivas que visem reduzir os óbitos são necessárias em todos os grupos de notificação.
Exploring the mechanism of cordycepin combined with doxorubicin in treating glioblastoma based on network pharmacology and biological verification
Authors: Chen Jing , Zhuang Yuan-Dong , Zhang Qiang , Liu Shuang , Zhuang Bing-Bo , Wang Chun-Hua , Liang Ri-Sheng 
Published: February 2022

Background
Glioblastoma is the most common and fatal primary malignant tumor in the central nervous system, and the prognosis is poor. Currently, there are no effective treatments for glioblastoma. Cordycepin is a natural active substance with significant anticancer activity and doxorubicin is a broad-spectrum anticancer drug. Cordycepin administered with doxorubicin is a potential drug combination for the treatment of glioblastoma. However, the mechanism of action for this drug combination has not yet been elucidated.

Aim of the study
To explore the complex mechanism of cordycepin combined with doxorubicin against glioblastoma using network pharmacology and biological verification.

Materials and methods
We used an MTT assay, colony formation assay, and scratch healing to detect the growth, proliferation, and migration of LN-229, U251 and T98G cells. Putative targets and the potential mechanism of action for the drug combination in glioblastoma were obtained through online databases, network construction, and enrichment analyses. We verified the expression of EMT-related genes and identified important therapeutic targets by western blot.

Results
In this study, the combination of doxorubicin and cordycepin was found to significantly inhibit cell proliferation and migration and can induce apoptosis. These effects are better together than with either drug alone. The drug combination inhibited EMT by upregulating the expression of E-cadherin protein and downregulating the expression of N-cadherin, ZEB1, and Twist1 proteins. There were 71 potential targets for the drug combination in glioblastoma, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome analysis suggested that the anticancer process may be mediated by proteoglycans in cancer, the tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway, microRNA in cancer, pathways in cancer, and other pathways. To study the molecular mechanism of anticancer activity, we detected the expression of target proteins with downregulated expression of NFKB1, MAPK8, MYC, and MMP-9 proteins and upregulated expression of cleaved caspase 3 that promoted the apoptosis of LN-229 cells.

Conclusions
This study shows that the drug combination of doxorubicin and cordycepin effectively inhibits the growth and proliferation of LN-229 cells through multiple targets and multiple pathways, and the combination inhibits cell invasion and migration by regulating the EMT switch of tumor cells. Our findings provide new ideas about, and a theoretical basis for, the treatment of glioblastoma.
Factors of balance determining the risk of falls in physically active women aged over 50 years
Authors: Bednarczuk Grzegorz , Rutkowska Izabela 
Published: February 2022

Background
Balance disorders are believed to be one of the main reasons for falls in older adults. They are related to natural processes of ageing, resulting in deterioration of information integration and processing from the vestibular, somatosensory and visual systems. The consequence is an increased number of postural sways, which are some of balance factors. Balance control in static and dynamic activities is an essential element of daily functioning of older citizens. It seems that balance assessment is essential to determine the risk of falls, as well as to determine which factors of balance have greatest impact on the risk of falls.

Methods
The study involved physically active female students (n = 36, mean age 67,11 ± 5,35) of a University of the Third Age. We used the Balance System SD platform to assess their balance in four tests with eyes open and with eyes closed and to determine the risk of falls. We assessed the relationships between individual balance indices (overall stability index, anterior/posterior stability index, medial/lateral stability index) and the falls risk index. We also determined those factors which predicted the risk of falls the most.

Results
The studied subjects had low risk of falls for their age category. In most measurements there were relationships between the risk of falls and the size of sways in the coronal plane and the overall stability index. We also found that the overall stability index calculated in measurements with eyes closed predicted the risk of falls of the studied physically active females most accurately (R2 0.391 F(1.34)=23.475; <0.000). The subjects were physically active and their falls risk index was low - this allowed us to presume that there was a relationship between these two factors. Preventive programmes should include exercise performed with eyes closed, and tests conducted with eyes closed seem to be most sensitive in determining balance disorders in physically active women.
Identification of novel prophage regions in Xenorhabdus nematophila genome and gene expression analysis during phage-like particle induction
Authors: Lefoulon Emilie , Campbell Natalie , Stock S. Patricia 
Published: February 2022

Background
Entomopathogenic Xenorhabdus bacteria are endosymbionts of Steinernema nematodes and together they form an insecticidal mutualistic association that infects a wide range of insect species. Xenorhabdus produce an arsenal of toxins and secondary metabolites that kill the insect host. In addition, they can induce the production of diverse phage particles. A few studies have focused on one integrated phage responsible for producing a phage tail-like bacteriocin, associated with an antimicrobial activity against other Xenorhabdus species. However, very little is known about the diversity of prophage regions in Xenorhabdus species.

Methods
In the present study, we identified several prophage regions in the genome of Xenorhabdus nematophila AN6/1. We performed a preliminary study on the relative expression of genes in these prophage regions. We also investigated some genes (not contained in prophage region) known to be involved in SOS bacterial response (recA and lexA) associated with mitomycin C and UV exposure.

Results
We described two integrated prophage regions (designated Xnp3 and Xnp4) not previously described in the genome of Xenorhabdus nematophila AN6/1. The Xnp3 prophage region appears very similar to complete Mu-like bacteriophage. These prophages regions are not unique to X. nematophila species, although they appear less conserved among Xenorhabdus species when compared to the previously described p1 prophage region. Our results showed that mitomycin C exposure induced an up-regulation of recA and lexA suggesting activation of SOS response. In addition, mitomycin C and UV exposure seems to lead to up-regulation of genes in three of the four integrated prophages regions.
Evolution of Polygalacturonases and Polygalacturonase‐Inhibiting Proteins: A View Beyond the Classical Perspective
Authors: Haeger Wiebke , Pauchet Yannick , Kirsch Roy 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
As the first line of defence, the plant cell wall represents a battleground for both attackers' arsenals of harmful compounds and defensive actions of plants. Plants counteract tissue maceration caused by their enemies' plant cell wall degrading enzymes. Among those, pectin‐degrading polygalacturonases (PGs) of the glycoside hydrolase family 28 (GH28) are impaired by PG‐inhibiting proteins (PGIPs), extracellular members of the leucine‐rich repeat (LRR) family. PG‐PGIP interaction is well studied in the context of microbial phytopathogens. However, hypothetically, every organism that benefits from PG activity could be affected by PGIPs. Herein, we develop this view from the plant, the insect and the evolutionary perspective: (i) Plants produce their own PGs, which are involved in different developmental processes. We revisit plant PG–PGIP interaction and discuss foundational studies in light of up‐to‐date plant PG amino acid sequence data. (ii) We summarise recent advances in the field of PGs produced by insects and insect‐associated microbial symbionts and review how PGIPs influence insect PGs. (iii) As the functions of PGIPs and closely related LRR proteins are not limited to the inhibition of PGs, we combine information on functionally characterised LRR proteins with a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis and discuss the roles of plant‐specific extracellular LRR proteins in plant resistance and beyond.
Oxygen‐Carrying and Antibacterial Fluorinated Nano‐Hydroxyapatite Incorporated Hydrogels for Enhanced Bone Regeneration
Authors: Huang Baoxuan , Chen Mingjiao , Tian Jia , Zhang Yuanhao , Dai Zhaobo , Li Jin , Zhang Weian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractInsufficient oxygen availability in tissue engineering is one of the major factors for the failure of clinical transplantation. One potential strategy to conquer this limitation is the fabrication of spontaneous and continuous oxygen supplying scaffolds for in situ tissue regeneration. In this work, a versatile fluorine‐incorporating hydrogel is designed which can not only timely and continuously supply oxygen for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to overcome deficient oxygen before vascularization in scaffolds, but can present a higher antibacterial capability to avoid bacterial infections. The HAp@PDA‐F nanoparticles are first prepared and then incorporated with the quaternized and methacrylated chitosan forming CS/HAp@PDA‐F by photo‐crosslinking. In vitro results indicate that CS/HAp@PDA‐F hydrogel has outstanding mechanical performance, moreover, it also has the oxygen‐carrying ability to prolong survival ability, enhance proliferation activity, and preserve osteogenic differentiation potency and promote osteogenic‐related genes expression of rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) under hypoxic environment. Furthermore, the CS/HAp@PDA‐F hydrogel can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, providing a good antibacterial activity. Additionally, in vivo experiments demonstrate higher bone volume and bone mineral density, and more new bone tissue generation in CS/HAp@PDA‐F group than in CS/HAp@PDA group. These results indicate that the rational design of fluorinated hydrogel possesses a good clinical application prospect for bone regeneration.
A Low‐Temperature Annealing Method for Alloy Nanostructures and Metasurfaces: Unlocking a Novel Degree of Freedom
Authors: Ray Debdatta , Wang Hsiang‐Chu , Kim Jeonghyeon , Santschi Christian , Martin Olivier J. F. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe material and exact shape of a nanostructure determine its optical response, which is especially strong for plasmonic metals. Unfortunately, only a few plasmonic metals are available, which limits the spectral range where these strong optical effects can be utilized. Alloying different plasmonic metals can overcome this limitation, at the expense of using a high‐temperature alloying process, which adversely destroys the nanostructure shape. Here, a low‐temperature alloying process is developed where the sample is heated at only 300 °C for 8 h followed by 30 min at 450 °C and Au–Ag nanostructures with a broad diversity of shapes, aspect ratios, and stoichiometries are fabricated. Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses confirm the homogeneous alloying through the entire sample. Varying the alloy stoichiometry tunes the optical response and controls spectral features, such as Fano resonances. Binary metasurfaces that combine nanostructures with different stoichiometries are fabricated using multiple‐step electron‐beam lithography, and their optical function as a hologram or a Fresnel zone plate is demonstrated at the visible wavelength of λ = 532 nm. This low‐temperature annealing technique provides a versatile and cost‐effective way of fabricating complex Au–Ag nanostructures with arbitrary stoichiometry.
Thermalization of Fluorescent Protein Exciton–Polaritons at Room Temperature
Authors: Satapathy Sitakanta , Liu Bin , Deshmukh Prathmesh , Molinaro Paul M. , Dirnberger Florian , Khatoniar Mandeep , Koder Ronald L. , Menon Vinod M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFluorescent proteins (FPs) have recently emerged as a serious contender for realizing ultralow threshold room temperature exciton–polariton condensation and lasing. This contribution investigates the thermalization of FP microcavity exciton–polaritons upon optical pumping under ambient conditions. Polariton cooling is realized using a new FP molecule, called mScarlet, coupled strongly to the optical modes in a Fabry–Pérot cavity. Interestingly, at the threshold excitation energy (fluence) of ≈9 nJ per pulse (15.6 mJ cm−2), an effective temperature is observed, Teff ≈ 350 ± 35 K close to the lattice temperature indicative of strongly thermalized exciton–polaritons at equilibrium. This efficient thermalization results from the interplay of radiative pumping facilitated by the energetics of the lower polariton branch and the cavity Q‐factor. Direct evidence for dramatic switching from an equilibrium state into a metastable state is observed for the organic cavity polariton device at room temperature via deviation from the Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics at k‖ = 0 above the threshold. Thermalized polariton gases in organic systems at equilibrium hold substantial promise for designing room temperature polaritonic circuits, switches, and lattices for analog simulation.
All‐van‐der‐Waals Barrier‐Free Contacts for High‐Mobility Transistors
Authors: Zhang Xiankun , Yu Huihui , Tang Wenhui , Wei Xiaofu , Gao Li , Hong Mengyu , Liao Qingliang , Kang Zhuo , Zhang Zheng , Zhang Yue 
Published: February 2022

AbstractUltrathin 2D semiconductor devices are considered to have beyond‐silicon potential but are severely troubled by the high Schottky barriers of the metal–semiconductor contacts, especially for p‐type semiconductors. Due to the severe Fermi‐level pinning effect and the lack of conventional semimetals with high work functions, their Schottky hole barriers are hardly removed. Here, an all‐van‐der‐Waals barrier‐free hole contact between p‐type tellurene semiconductor and layered 1T′‐WS2 semimetal is reported, which achieves a zero Schottky barrier height of 3 ± 9 meV and a high field‐effect mobility of ≈1304 cm2 V–1 s–1. The formation of such contacts can be attributed to the higher work function of ≈4.95 eV of the 1T′‐WS2 semimetal, which is in sharp contrast with low work function (4.1–4.7 eV) of conventional semimetals. The study defines an available strategy for eliminating the Schottky barrier of metal–semiconductor contacts, facilitating 2D‐semiconductor‐based electronics and optoelectronics to extend Moore's law.
Rapid Screen for Antiviral T‐Cell Immunity with Nanowire Electrochemical Biosensors
Authors: Nami Mohsen , Han Patrick , Hanlon Douglas , Tatsuno Kazuki , Wei Brian , Sobolev Olga , Pitruzzello Mary , Vassall Aaron , Yosinski Shari , Edelson Richard , Reed Mark 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe ability to rapidly assess and monitor patient immune responses is critical for clinical diagnostics, vaccine design, and fundamental investigations into the presence or generation of protective immunity against infectious diseases. Recently, findings on the limits of antibody‐based protection provided by B‐cells have highlighted the importance of engaging pathogen‐specific T‐cells for long‐lasting and broad protection against viruses and their emergent variants such as in SARS‐CoV‐2. However, low‐cost and point‐of‐care tools for detecting engagement of T‐cell immunity in patients are conspicuously lacking in ongoing efforts to assess and control population‐wide disease risk. Currently available tools for human T‐cell analysis are time and resource‐intensive. Using multichannel silicon‐nanowire field‐effect transistors compatible with complementary metal−oxide−semiconductor, a device designed for rapid and label‐free detection of human T‐cell immune responses is developed. The generalizability of this approach is demonstrated by measuring T‐cell responses against melanoma antigen MART1, common and seasonal viruses CMV, EBV, flu, as well as emergent pandemic coronavirus, SARS‐CoV‐2. Further, this device provides a modular and translational platform for optimizing vaccine formulations and combinations, offering quick and quantitative readouts for acquisition and persistence of T‐cell immunity against variant‐driven pathogens such as flu and pandemic SARS‐CoV‐2.
Willingness to Engage in Collective Action After the Police Killing of an Unarmed Black Man: Differential Pathways for Black and White Individuals
Authors: Sheehan Brynn E. , Derlega Valerian J. , Maduro Ralitsa S. , Totonchi Delaram A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis cross‐sectional survey study examined the underlying psychosocial constructs of Black (n = 163) and White (n = 246) university students' willingness to endorse racially motivated collective action. Consistent with the defensive motivation system model, we expected the police shooting of an unarmed Black American to activate concerns about personal safety, thereby eliciting negative affect, lack of forgiveness of the perpetrator, and motivation to engage in collective action. This path model was expected for both Black and White participants, with stronger associations among Black participants. In the full model, Black participants identified more with the victim and indicated greater personal threat, which led to (1) more negative affect and greater endorsement of collective action and (2) greater avoidance of the shooter and greater endorsement of collective action. In the Black participants model, collective action was explained by identifying with the victim and feeling personally threatened. In the White participants model, collective action was explained by three pathways stemming from identifying with the victim and personal threat, including negative affect, seeking avoidance, and seeking revenge. The results indicate different mechanisms to explain Black and White individuals' motivation to endorse collective action to prevent police‐involved shootings of unarmed Black Americans.