bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epistemic Violence and the Rise of the Pseudo‐Secular Islamic FBO in the Age of the ‘Religious Turn’ in Development*
Authors: Tittensor David , Clarke Matthew 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOver the past two to three decades, there has been a significant shift within the development sector. Previously considered ‘taboo’, religiously inspired Faith Based Organisations (FBOs) have become increasingly welcomed and involved as partners and collaborators with international financial institutions and leading aid donors. However, while a place has been set at the table this has not been an equitable one. Rather, there is still the expectation that religiously driven organisations will engage with the normative Western secular aid discourse that regards impartiality as sacrosanct. As a result, this has seen those FBOs that have chosen to participate develop hybridised‐identities, wherein we argue they have become pseudo‐secular in nature. Drawing on the literature, we note this development amongst well‐established Christian FBOs, such as World Vision, and extend our analysis to Islamic FBOs, with a case study of Islamic Relief. In doing so, we also argue that the hegemonic nature of the secular ‘master narrative’ imposed by the Western aid sector represents an instance of ‘epistemic violence’, and that FBOs should be able speak in their own terms.
Culture is not destiny, for reading: highlighting variable routes to literacy within writing systems
Authors: Hirshorn Elizabeth A. , Harris Lindsay N. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCross–writing system research in psychology and cognitive neuroscience has yielded important findings regarding how a writing system's structure can influence the cognitive challenges of learning to read and the neural underpinnings of literacy. The current paper reviews these differences and extends the findings to demonstrate diversity in how skilled reading is accomplished within a single writing system, English. We argue that broad clusters of behavioral and neural patterns found across writing systems can also be found within subpopulations who display atypical routes to skilled English reading, subpopulations including Chinese–English bilinguals, deaf native signers, compensated readers, and distortion‐sensitive readers. The patterns of interest include a tradeoff between the degree of reliance on phonological and morphological processing for skilled reading, a shift in attentional focus from smaller to larger orthographic units, and enhanced bilaterality of neural processing during word reading. Lastly, we consider how understanding atypical routes to reading may apply to other writing systems.
Measuring Social Welfare by Proximity to an Optimum Population
Authors: Enflo Karin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis essay introduces a new type of measure of social welfare, where populations are evaluated by their resemblance to anoptimum population, which is an (in principle) possible population with the highest degree of social welfare, relative to some circumstances. Here, it is argued to be the largest possible population where everyone fares maximally well. The new measure is responsive to quality of welfare, equality of welfare and the number of people. It satisfiesdominanceandnegative monotonicity, and it avoids both the repugnant conclusion and a reverse repugnant conclusion for comparisons relative to our future on earth.
First multivisceral transplantation in Mitchell‐Riley/Martinez‐Frias syndrome
Authors: Estefanía‐Fernández Karla , Andrés Ane , Alcolea Alida , Velayos‐López María , Pastrían Laura G. , Ramírez‐Amorós Carla , Gonzalez Rocío , Sarría Marta , Ramos Esther , López‐Santamaria Manuel , Hernández Francisco 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundMRS/MFS is a rare multisystem disorder with a poor prognosis. The high mortality rate of this syndrome is related to the severity of the associated gastrointestinal, pancreatic, and hepatobiliary conditions, as most of them are not amenable to conventional medical and surgical treatments.MethodsWe report the case of a Romani girl with all the key clinical features of MRS/MFS, and a review of cases reported in the literature. Our patient is a newborn from consanguineous parents who presented duodenal atresia, hypoplastic pancreas, gallbladder agenesis, and neonatal diabetes. Given the clinical suspicion of MRS/MFS, a genetic analysis was performed which revealed the presence of a homozygous variant in the RFX6 gene. During the course of the disease, the patient presented intractable secretory diarrhea and severe intestinal failure.ResultsAt 2 years of age, she underwent MVT of the stomach, duodenum, small intestine, colon, liver, and pancreas. There were no surgical complications. Histologic evaluation of the small bowel showed extensive patches of gastric heterotopia. After more than 10 years of follow‐up, she had presented with normal gastrointestinal, hepatic, and pancreatic function. She has one of the longest survival periods in the literature.ConclusionsOur experience suggests that multivisceral transplantation may be a promising option in select cases of MRS/MFS.
Anti‐theism, the underground man, and escaping absurdity
Authors: Anderson Mark B. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGuy Kahane holds that theism has unattractive consequences, since it threatens both privacy and autonomy. Here, I suggest that Kahane’s position echoes that of Dostoevsky’s famous Underground Man. But the Underground Man is ensnared in difficulties that resemble the problem of absurdity as developed by Thomas Nagel. Dostoevsky’s own solution to that problem involves love—but love naturally invites compromises with respect to privacy and autonomy. Perhaps the best way to solve the problem of absurdity is to make precisely the opposite of Kahane’s axiological judgment—which would recommend pro‐theism over anti‐theism.
What can I do for you? Optimal market segmentation in service markets
Authors: Jost Peter‐J. , Ressi Anna 
Published: March 2022

This paper considers price competition in a market where two firms sell a homogeneous service to a continuum of customers differing with respect to some exogenous characteristic. Our paper's novelty consists of explicitly acknowledging a distinctive property of many services in that firms incur customer‐specific service costs after the contract is signed. Hence, not only the customers' willingness‐to‐pay and as such demand but also the firms' supply are related to customer characteristics. In this paper, we shed light on the implications thereof for optimal pricing and market segmentation strategies in a monopoly as well as a duopoly market. Importantly, we stress the profitability of services by demonstrating that firms in highly competitive industries still earn positive expected profits in equilibrium.
Cryopreserved hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells stability program‐development, current status and recommendations: A brief report from the AABB‐ISCT joint working group cellular therapy product stability project team
Authors: Reich‐Slotky Ronit , Vasovic Ljiljana V. , Land Kevin J. , Halpenny Mike , Woeltz Joan , Mathew Aby J. , Fournier Diane , Alder Brenda , Stasko Karl , Mahmud Nadim 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe AABB‐ISCT Joint Working Group Stability Project Team (SPT) was assigned to roadmap a path toward standardization of cryopreserved hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) stability programs. HSPC stability encompasses a broad scope of conditions including non‐frozen (“fresh”) and cryopreserved cell products, and varying methods for storage, thaw, and administration. This report assessed current practices and focused solely on cryopreserved HSPC cell therapy products to establish preliminary recommendations for a stability program roadmap.MethodsA survey was prepared by the SPT and distributed to ISCT and AABB members. Survey results were summarized and recommendations were outlined based on the responses from the survey. This report highlights current practices for cryopreserved HSPC stability programs, including additional considerations and recommendations.Results and DiscussionEighty‐two (82) centers worldwide participated in the survey. Survey results indicate variability across programs. HSPC stability depends on multiple factors within the processing facility (e.g., cryopreservation techniques, reagents used, and storage temperature) and independent variables (e.g., donor‐related factors and starting material variability). While retention of hematopoietic engraftment potential is the primary goal for cryopreserved HSPC stability, engraftment results should not be used as the sole metric for stability programs. Based on the survey results, the SPT provides recommendations for consideration.ConclusionsThe SPT recommendations for best practices are not intended to replace existing standards. The survey results emphasize the need for the community to optimize best practices and consider initiating collaborative projects to improve the standardization of cryopreserved HSPC stability programs for cell therapy products.
Analytical validation of a novel point‐of‐care immunoassay for canine N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide analysis
Authors: Harr Kendal E. , Gordon Sonya G. , Baumwart Ryan D. , Feldgreber Ross , Spiro Matthew R. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundN‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) is a widely used point‐of‐care (POC) cardiac biomarker in human medicine. Canine NT‐proBNP is used less in veterinary medicine, possibly due to the lack of a POC canine NT‐proBNP assay resulting in temporal delay, increased degradation in transport, and high reported variability in the available assay. A new quantitative POC analyzer allows fast, onsite measurement of NT‐proBNP, minimizing preanalytical error and reducing variability.ObjectiveWe aimed to analytically validate an NT‐proBNP assay (Vcheck) according to American Society of Veterinary Clinical Pathology (ASVCP) and Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) specifications.MethodsArchived and prospective plasma and serum samples were collected from male and female, client‐owned dogs of various breeds with cardiac abnormalities (n = 81) and a healthy control population (n = 225). Precision, accuracy, analytical sensitivity, and specificity, and other statistical analyses were performed.ResultsImprecision was considered acceptable with a coefficient of variation ranging from 9% at 4000 pmol/L to 20% at 600 pmol/L. The lower limit of quantitation was 650 pmol/L based on repetitive measures evaluation. Comparison of the Vcheck assay with the Cardiopet NT‐proBNP assay revealed an excellent correlation with minimal bias when preanalytical factors were controlled. Significant degradation of NT‐proBNP occurred when current methods were used at refrigerated and room temperatures, which could change diagnostic and prognostic decision‐making. Age‐partitioned reference intervals have high reference values of 750 pmol/L and 1280 pmol/L for juvenile and adult dogs, respectively.ConclusionsThe Vcheck NT‐ProBNP assay provides analytically acceptable results. Onsite testing can minimize variability related to preanalytical error and provide clinically useful contemporaneous results. Samples should be centrifuged immediately and analyzed within 2 hours of collection.
Hepatic stellate cells in physiology and pathology
Authors: Kamm Dakota R. , McCommis Kyle S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHepatic stellate cells (HSCs) comprise a minor cell population in the liver but serve numerous critical functions in the normal liver and in response to injury. HSCs are primarily known for their activation upon liver injury and for producing the collagen‐rich extracellular matrix in liver fibrosis. In the absence of liver injury, HSCs reside in a quiescent state, in which their main function appears to be the storage of retinoids or vitamin A‐containing metabolites. Less appreciated functions of HSCs include amplifying the hepatic inflammatory response and expressing growth factors that are critical for liver development and both the initiation and termination of liver regeneration. Recent single‐cell RNA sequencing studies have corroborated earlier studies indictaing that HSC activation involves a diverse array of phenotypic alterations and identified unique HSC populations. This review serves to highlight these many functions of HSCs, and to briefly describe the recent genetic tools that will help to thoroughly investigate the role of HSCs in hepatic physiology and pathology.
image
First trap-assisted decay spectroscopy of the $$^{81}$$Ge ground state
Authors: Delafosse C. , Goasduff A. , Kankainen A. , Verney D. , Al Ayoubi L. , Beliuskina O. , Cañete L. , Eronen T. , de Groote R. P. , Hukkanen M. , Ibrahim F. , Illana A. , Jaries A. , Lalanne L. , Moore I. D. , Nesterenko D. , Penttilä H. , Rinta-Antila S. , de Roubin A. , Thisse D. , Thoër R. , Tocabens G. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe $$\beta $$
β
-delayed $$\gamma $$
γ
spectroscopy of $$^{81}$$

81

As has been performed using a purified beam of $$^{81}$$

81

Ge $$(9/2^+)$$

(
9
/

2
+

)

ground state at the Ion Guide Isotope Separator On-Line facility (IGISOL). The $$^{81}$$

81

Ge$$^+$$

+

ions were produced using proton-induced fission of $$^{232}$$

232

Th and selected with the double Penning trap JYFLTRAP for the post-trap decay spectroscopy measurements. The low-spin $$(1/2^+)$$

(
1
/

2
+

)

isomeric-state ions $$^{81m}\hbox {Ge}^+$$

81
m

Ge
+

were not observed in the fission products. The intrinsic half-life of the $$^{81}$$

81

Ge ground state has been determined as $$T_{1/2}=6.4(2)~\hbox {s}$$

T

1
/
2

=
6.4

(
2
)

s

, which is significantly shorter than the literature value. A new level scheme of $$^{81}$$

81

As has been built and is compared to shell-model calculations.
Current Status of Fear of Disease Progression in Patients with Advanced Cancer and Usefulness of Dignity Therapy Intervention
Authors: Zhang Yongli , Zhou Fangru , Yang Hong , Gong Xue , Gao Jingfang 
Published: March 2022

With changes in lifestyle and an increase in bad health habits, cancer has become a noncommunicable and frequently occurring disease that poses a serious threat to human life. Cancer is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality worldwide. As a major negative life event, advanced malignancies lead to strong mood swings in most patients. Furthermore, various internal and external factors can have a huge impact on patients’ physical and mental health and put them in a stressful situation, causing a series of psychological stress responses. To explore the degree of fear of disease progression in patients with advanced cancer and the usefulness of dignity therapy. Overall, 120 patients with advanced malignant tumors admitted to Shijiazhuang No. 1 hospital between January 2019 and January 2020 were enrolled. The selected patients were divided into the test and control groups (60 people per group) using a random number table. All patients received basic treatment. Patients in the trial group also received dignity therapy. The intervention period was 4 weeks. Simplified scales were used for assessing disease progression (FoP-Q-SF) and quality of life (QLQ-C30) before and after the intervention, and the scores were compared between the groups. After the intervention, the degree of fear in the experimental group was lower than that of the control group. Cognitive function, emotional function, and the scores of the overall health status of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group. Additionally, the scores of fatigue, insomnia, loss of appetite, and diarrhea in the experimental group were lower than those of the control group (

P

< 0.05). The social support level scale scores, depression scores, hospital anxiety and depression scale scores, and patient dignity inventory scores of the experimental group were lower than those of the control group (

P

< 0.05). Patients with advanced malignant tumors have fear, anxiety, and depression related to disease progression. Dignity therapy is useful for improving the patients’ quality of life, increasing dignity, and enhancing social support.
Analysis of Related Risk Factors of Microvascular Invasion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Shi Longqing , Qu Zhen , Yang Yue , Zhang Yue , Sun Donglin 
Published: March 2022

Objective. To forecast the onset of microvascular invasion (MVI) in patients with hepatoma by evaluating the preoperative aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and other clinicopathological data. Methods. In this study, we retrospectively analysed the clinical data of 62 patients who received radical surgery for hepa toma from 2019 to 2021. Patients were separated into the MVI-negative group and the MVI-positive group according to the postoperative pathological diagnosis. The relationships between MVI and NLR, APRI, AFP, tumor size, and other clinical data were assessed using the univariate analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis, and logistic analysis. Results. The ROC curve determined that the cutoff values of NLR, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and APRI were 1.520, 98, and 0.275, respectively. The univariate analysis showed that the MVI-positive result was associated with five factors: tumor size (

χ

2

=
10.620

,

p
=
0.001

), AFP (

χ

2

=
10.524

,

p
=
0.001

), Edmondson grade (

χ

2

=
20.736

,

p
<
0.001

), NLR (

χ

2

=
8.744

,

p
=
0.003

), and APRI (

χ

2

=
4.849

,

p
=
0.028

). The LASSO analysis indicated that the risk factors were the number of tumors, PLR, APRI, NLR, AFP, Edmondson grade, and tumor size. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that

NLR
≥
1.520

(OR 11.119,

p
=
0.006

),

APRI
≥
0.275

(OR 12.515,

p
=
0.009

),

AFP
≥
200

μg/mL (OR 7.823,

p
=
0.016

), and tumor

size
>
3

cm (OR 7.689,

p
=
0.022

) were independent risk factors for MVI in patients with hepatoma. Conclusion. Preoperative NLR, APRI, AFP, and tumor size are reliable indicators for predicting the appearance of MVI in patients with hepatoma and are of great value in making detailed and reliable treatment protocols for these patients before surgery.
Neuro-symbolic Natural Logic with Introspective Revision for Natural
Language Inference
Authors: Feng Yufei , Yang Xiaoyu , Zhu Xiaodan , Greenspan Michael 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We introduce a neuro-symbolic natural logic framework based on reinforcement learning with introspective revision. The model samples and rewards specific reasoning paths through policy gradient, in which the introspective revision algorithm modifies intermediate symbolic reasoning steps to discover reward-earning operations as well as leverages external knowledge to alleviate spurious reasoning and training inefficiency. The framework is supported by properly designed local relation models to avoid input entangling, which helps ensure the interpretability of the proof paths. The proposed model has built-in interpretability and shows superior capability in monotonicity inference, systematic generalization, and interpretability, compared with previous models on the existing datasets.
The Language Question in Şalom (1947–1983): Linguistic Ideologies among the Sephardim of Turkey
Authors: Martínez Corral Adrián 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Since the beginning of the Judezmo press in the second half of the nineteenth century, “the language question” has been a recurrent topic of debate. Throughout the pages of the many newspapers in Judeo-Spanish, several linguistic ideologies were exposed, often causing heated controversies. The aim of this article is to analyze the views, assumptions and conceptions regarding the many languages employed by the Sephardim of Turkey during the second half of the twentieth century. Şalom, a Judezmo newspaper published in Istanbul from 1947 onwards, will be the source informing this analysis. Finally, it will be observed whether such linguistic ideologies had an impact on the domains of use of the languages employed by Turkish Jewry and helped to conform the current linguistic landscape of the community.
“Then the Conscience of Humanity Arose”: Kishon and the Nations of the World
Authors: Nevo Gideon 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
For many years, humorist Ephraim Kishon diligently brandished his satirical whip at Israel’s socio-economic socialist structure, while vividly portraying the vicissitudes of the Israeli ‘homo economicus’ in the labyrinth of modern life. This line of writing brought him his fame, both in Israel and abroad. At the later stages of his career though, a significant portion of his work was dedicated to the relationship between Israel and its neighbors and between Israel and the world. In this area Kishon has articulated and cemented a stern nationalistic worldview. A systematic analysis of this worldview is a matter for several articles. In this article I will focus on Kishon’s treatment of national entities that are not part of Israel’s immediate circle of confrontation (i.e., its neighboring Arab states) but are rather scattered far and wide all over the world.
Dynamics of Remembrance across Time and Media: On Ruth Glasberg Gold’s Multiple Accounts of Her Holocaust Experiences in Transnistria
Authors: Mihăilescu Dana 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This article considers the dynamics of the memories of World War II for survivors who give multiple accounts of their experiences over time. I compare five testimonies with different medial content given in 1944, 1983, and 1996 by Ruth Glasberg Gold. In November 1941, at the age of eleven, she was deported with her parents and brother from Czernowitz to the Bershad ghetto, Transnistria, where she lost her family and was orphaned. My major interest is to examine how Glasberg Gold’s memories over time intersect with changes of medium, location, language, and temporal context, and might have brought different or similar emphases in her written, audio, and video testimonies of the Holocaust. I believe her case to be important for scholarly analysis as it allows one to explore how the developing personality of a Holocaust survivor and changing media environments intersect and relate to how memories of the Holocaust become shaped, rehashed, and modified over time.