bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Difficulties Experienced by a Group of Nursing Students during Pandemic Process and Their Coping Strategies: A Qualitative Research
Authors: KARACA Semra , KARAKOÇ Ayşe 
Published: March 2022

Objective: This phenomenologic study aims to investigate the difficulties experienced by a group of nursing students during the pandemia
process thoroughly and to explain coping strategies.
Methods: This research was carried out using the phenomenological method, which is one of the qualitative research methods, to examine the
views of nursing students on their pandemic experiences and their coping strategies “Information Form” and “Questionnaire Form” were sent
to the students online, and forms that were filled out completely and sent back were included in the content analysis.
Results: Participants mean age was 21.19±1.06. Of the participants, 77.00% were female, 34.4% stated that they live in a metropolis during the
pandemia process, while 83.6% mentioned that they were with their family, 31.1% did not leave their homes unless it is necessary. As a result
of data analysis, the main themes of difficulties/stressors, stress/anxiety increasing factors, and coping strategies were reached.
Conclusion: Student nurses experience more than one difficulty regarding the pandemia process; some students state that the pandemia
process has changed their perception of their profession, and they mostly use positive methods to cope with these difficulties.
CAPACITY BUILDING PRINSIP SAFETY DALAM PENGGUNAAN PESTISIDA PADA PETANI DENGAN MEDIA BUKU SAKU DAN ANIMASI
Authors: Fauzi Ekha Rifki , Wardana Ari Kusuma , Hardyanto R. Hafid 
Published: March 2022

Pesticides play an important role in agricultural pest control. However, unsafe behavior in pesticide use can lead to a decline in the health of farmers. The principle of occupational safety and health when using pesticides must be carried out by farmers. The purpose of this devotion is capacity building of safety principles in the use of pesticides with pocketbook & animation media. The method used is the CO (Community Organizer) approach with KWT cadres (Peasant Women's Group), Tamantirto Village, Bantul, Yogyakarta through workshop training, discussions, consulting services, face-to-face, Q&A, and mentoring. The result of this capacity building is education and health promotion using the nine principles of safety and animated educational videos. The selection of both media is intended that farmers can easily understand the principles of safety when going to and after using pesticides. In addition, both media are delivered in easy-to-understand language and animations that illustrate the principle of safety with pesticides. Based on the results at the time of the implementation of devotion and evaluation it was concluded that the capacity building activities of the participants were facilitated to understand with their pocketbooks and animations that can be accessed through youtube channels.
Pestisida memegang peranan penting dalam pengendalian hama pertanian. Namun, perilaku tidak aman dalam penggunaan pestisida dapat menyebabkan penurunan derajat kesehatan petani. Prinsip keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja saat menggunakan pestisida harus dilakukan oleh petani. Tujuan pengabdian ini ialah capacity building prinsip-prinsip safety dalam penggunaan pestisida dengan media buku saku & animasi. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan CO (Community Organizer) dengan kader KWT (Kelompok Wanita Tani), Desa Tamantirto, Bantul, Yogyakarta melalui pelatihan workshop, diskusi, layanan konsultasi, tatap muka, tanya jawab, dan pendampingan. Hasil dari capacity building ini adalah edukasi dan promosi kesehatan dengan menggunakan media buku saku Sembilan Prinsip Keselamatan dan video edukasi animasi. Pemilihan kedua media dimaksudkan bahwa petani dapat mudah dalam memahami prinsip-prinsip safety saat akan dan sesudah menggunakan pestisida. Selain itu, kedua media disampaikan dengan bahasa yang mudah dimengerti dan animasi yang mengilustrasikan prinsip safety dengan pestisida. Berdasarkan hasil pada saat pelaksanaan pengabdian dan evaluasi disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan capacity building para peserta dimudahkan untuk memahami dengan buku sakunya dan animasi yang dapat diakses melalui channel youtube.
Predictive Value of Two-Dimensional Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography in Patients Undergoing Surgical Ventricular Restoration
Authors: Nemchyna Olena , Solowjowa Natalia , Dandel Michael , Hrytsyna Yuriy , Stein Julia , Knierim Jan , Schoenrath Felix , Hennig Felix , Falk Volkmar , Knosalla Christoph 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesParameters of left ventricular (LV) mechanics, obtained from speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE), were found to be of prognostic value in patients with heart failure and those who underwent cardiac surgery. This study aimed to assess the value of STE in patients scheduled to undergo surgical ventricular restoration (SVR).MethodsA total of 158 consecutive patients with baseline STE who underwent SVR due to an LV anteroapical aneurysm were included in the analysis. Preoperative longitudinal STE parameters were evaluated for their association with an outcome, defined as all-cause mortality, LV assist device implantation, or heart transplantation. The echocardiographic follow-up to assess the change in the regional function of the segments remote from the aneurysm was performed in 43 patients at a median of 10 months [interquartile range (IQR): 6–12.7 months] after SVR.ResultsDuring a median follow-up of 5.1 years (IQR: 1.6–8.7 years), events occurred in 68 patients (48%). Less impaired mean basal end-systolic longitudinal strain (BLS) with a cutoff value ≤ −10.1 % demonstrated a strong association with event-free survival, also in patients with an LV shape corresponding to an intermediate shape between aneurysmal and globally akinetic. Initially hypo- or akinetic basal segments with preoperative end-systolic strain ≤ −7.8% showed a greater improvement in wall motion at the short-term follow up.ConclusionPatients with less impaired preoperative BLS exhibited a better event-free survival after SVR, also those with severe LV remodeling. The preserved preoperative segmental longitudinal strain was associated with a greater improvement in regional wall motion after SVR. BLS assessment may play a predictive role in patients with an LV anteroapical aneurysm who are scheduled to undergo SVR.
Difference of Precocious Puberty Between Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Shanghai School-Aged Girls
Authors: Chen Yao , Chen Jianyong , Tang Yijun , Zhang Qianwen , Wang Yirou , Li Qun , Li Xin , Weng Zihan , Huang Ju , Wang Xiumin , Liu Shijian 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveTo compared the incidence rates and clinical features of precocious girls before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among Shanghai school-aged girls, and explored the potential mechanisms.MethodsThis cross-sectional study collected medical data about precocious girls between 2016 and 2020 from Shanghai Children’s Medical Center. Data of inpatient precocious girls from March to August in 2016-2019 (n=246) and 2020 (n=237) were collected. Subjects with abnormal brain and pituitary gland MRI reports, other endocrine diseases or chronic diseases were excluded. Finally, 209 precocious girls were included in the 2016-2019 group and 191 precocious girls were include in the 2020 group. Monthly incidence rates and clinical features were compared between before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Linear regression models were used to examine the associations between biomarkers to explore the potential mechanisms.ResultsMonthly incidence rates of precocious puberty in outpatient girls from March to December 2020 (0.44-1.36%) and in inpatient girls from March to August 2020 (27.04-47.83%) were higher than those in 2016-2019 (0.30-0.52% and 10.53-18.42%, respectively). Serum concentrations of GnRH were higher in the 2020 group than in the 2016-2019 group (2.81 vs 1.99 mg/L). Serum concentrations of MKRN3 (1.02 vs 1.93 ng/ml) and ghrelin (0.38 vs 0.88 ng/ml) were lower in the 2020 group than in the 2016-2019 group. Moreover, the serum concentration of ghrelin was positively associated with the serum concentration of MKRN3 [β=0.891 (95% CI, 0.612, 1.171); p&lt;0.001].ConclusionsThese findings suggest an increased incidence of precocious puberty during the COVID-19 pandemic among Shanghai school-aged girls, which may be associated with decreased serum concentrations of MKRN3 and ghrelin, and indicated ghrelin as a potential regulatory mechanism of puberty.
Use of Tri-Ponderal Mass Index in Predicting Late Adolescent Overweight and Obesity in Children Aged 7–18
Authors: Wang Xijie , Ma Jun , Huang Sizhe , Dong Bin , Dong Yanhui , Yang Zhaogeng , Hu Jie , Liang Wannian 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundCurrent reference systems using body mass index (BMI) or BMI z-scores to estimate overweight and obesity risk in adolescents are complex to use. An easy and effective measure and cutoffs such as the tri-ponderal mass index (TMI) are in need for parents and grassroots health workers.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to test whether cohort-derived TMI could be efficient for obesity prediction and to find out whether simplified TMI cutoffs could be used in the prediction.MethodsData were obtained from a 12-year retrospective growth cohort generated in Guangdong, China. A total of 17,815 children (53.9% were boys) with 151,879 follow-ups conducted annually between 2005 and 2016 were involved. Late adolescent overweight and obesity were defined based on the BMI z-score (WHO 2007 growth reference) of the last measurement, which happened at the mean age of 17.2 (SD: 0.7) for both sexes. Analysis of the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curves was used to find the most appropriate cutoff.ResultsIn total, 9,604 boys and 8,211 girls were included in the final analysis. TMI cutoffs performed better than WHO BMI cutoffs in the prediction of late adolescent overweight and obesity, with all corresponding AUCs &lt;0.7. The simplified TMI cutoffs used to predict late adolescent overweight and obesity were 13.1 and 14.1 kg/m3 for children aged 7 to 15 years, respectively, with the corresponding AUCs ranging from 0.7315 (standard error, SE: 0.0132) to 0.9367 (SE: 0.0052). The cutoffs for predicting late adolescent overweight and obesity for children aged 16 to 18 years were 14.0 and 15.8 kg/m3, respectively, with the corresponding AUCs ranging from 0.9189 (SE: 0.0048) to 0.9841 (95% CI: 0.0027).ConclusionTri-ponderal mass index with the ease of administration in practice could be a promising alternative screening tool to BMI for the prediction of late adolescent overweight and obesity.
Etiology of Kidney Diseases With Proteinuria in the Gambia/West Africa
Authors: Vester Udo , Fombah Augustin , Hölscher Maite , Garba Danlami , Tapgun Mary , N‘Jai Pamela Collier , Mendy Philipp , Bass Gibril , Muhammad Abdul K. , Anderson Suzanne T. , Sanneh Abdoulie , Onyeama Charles , Helmchen Udo , Bojang Khalifa , Hoyer Peter F. , Corrah Tumani 
Published: March 2022

In West Africa, kidney diseases are frequently seen, but diagnostic and therapeutic options are poor due to limited access to specialized facilities. To unravel the etiology and develop clinical guidelines, we collected clinical data and results of kidney biopsies in 121 pediatric and mostly young adult patients with edema and proteinuria in The Gambia. Workup included clinical examination, urine and serum analysis, and kidney biopsy findings. Selected cases were treated with steroids.ResultsThe median age was 14.9 years (range 1.8–52.0) at presentation. The most frequent underlying histologies were post-infectious glomerulonephritis (PIGN) in 38%, focal-segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in 30%, minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) in 15%, and membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) in 10% of cases. Patients with PIGN were significantly younger and had less proteinuria and higher serum albumin levels than the other three. Infected scabies was seen more often in cases with PIGN. Clinical parameters could not distinguish patients with FSGS, MCNS, and MGN. Steroid response was prompt in patients with MCNS (remission in 10/10 cases) compared to FSGS (4/19) and MGN (0/4). In summary, the clinical histopathological correlation allows a better approach to therapy and can be the basis for urgently needed interventional studies in steroid-resistant cases.
Minimally Invasive vs. Open Surgery for Hallux Valgus: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ji Linfeng , Wang Ketao , Ding Shenglong , Sun Chengyi , Sun Songmin , Zhang Mingzhu 
Published: March 2022

PurposeIn recent years, minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for hallux valgus has emerged and gained popularity. To date, evidence on the benefits of MIS for hallux valgus is still controversial. This updated meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively evaluate the efficiency of MIS vs. open surgery for hallux valgus.MethodsA systematic literature search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library was performed. Two independent reviewers conducted data extraction and analyzed data with R software. Data were presented with risk ratio (RR) and standardized mean difference (SMD) along with 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsA total of 22 studies in which there were 790 ft treated with the MIS procedure and 838 ft treated with an open procedure were included. The correction of sesamoid position was better in the MIS group. The post-operative distal metatarsal articular angle (DMAA) of the MIS group was lower. There was less pain at the early phase in the MIS group. The MIS group had a shorter surgery time and shorter hospitalization time compared with the open group. Our meta-analysis revealed no statistically significant difference in hallux valgus angle (HVA), first intermetatarsal angle (IMA), the first metatarsal shortening, the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, visual analog scale (VAS) score at the final follow-up or complication rate (when all studies were considered). When taking into consideration only randomized controlled trial (RCT), the AOFAS score was higher in the MIS group while HVA, IMA, DMAA, and complication rate remained no significance. Post-operative IMA of the MIS group was significantly lower when only studies reporting the second-generation (2G) MIS were included. When just studies adopting the third-generation (3G) MIS were included, the HVA and DMAA were lower in the MIS group.ConclusionThe MIS procedures were more effective than open surgeries in the treatment of hallux valgus. Moreover, the MIS group achieved better radiologic and clinical outcomes compared with the open group.
Lipids, Chloroform, and Their Intertwined Histories
Authors: Ramírez Carlos 
Published: March 2022

Lipids and their fatty acid constituents, in particular, have been the subject of academic and industrial research initiatives since their isolation by Michel-Eugène Chevreul in 1813. Fatty acids can be saturated or unsaturated, their physical properties depending on the aliphatic chain length and degree of saturation. They constitute the building blocks of many lipid groups, such as triglycerides and phospholipids; are key additives in commercial foods, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics; and can cross cell membranes. Chloroform was synthesized in 1831 by Samuel Guthrie and has had a tortuous history of interactions with mankind: from an anesthetic in obstetrics, dentistry, and surgery, to being labeled as a potential carcinogen in the 1970s. It has also had important nonmedical applications, such as in chemical engineering mass transfer systems designed to estimate binary gas diffusion coefficients. Although chemically dissimilar, lipids and chloroform intertwined their scientific paths through the work of Jordi Folch and associates in the 1940s-1950s, in which many lipid-based brain molecules were isolated and characterized. This article outlines the separate histories of lipids and chloroform, and those research initiatives in which they have acted synergistically. The narrative covers the interplay of chemical compounds with different historical backgrounds, but with physical properties which continue to foster their modern-day interaction.
Creativity in Art, Literature, Music, Science, and Inventions
Authors: Dei Luigi 
Published: March 2022

This essay aims to stimulate reflection on the creativity characterising homo sapiens in the different realms in which it occurs. Over recent decades scholarly research into creativity has extended the original concept, restricted to geniuses, to a broader field that encompasses the qualities and abilities of every individual, in line with a democratisation of the creative act. However, the aim of this contribution is to illustrate the creativity of geniuses, referring to examples in various fields, according to Poincaré’s definition of connecting pre-existing elements into new combinations that are novel and useful. The objective of this study is to show that pre-existing elements can be found in works of art, literature, poetry, and music, as well as in scientific discoveries or inventions. Having demonstrated the existence of concrete and real analogies in the various – and apparently profoundly different – fields of human creativity, a second objective was to construct a convincing proof of a notion of a culture characterised by an essential unity, without any separation between humanities and sciences. I trust that the analysis of the creative acts that generated Picasso’s Les Demoiselles d’Avignon, Michelangelo’s Vaticano Pietà, Primo Levi’s The Periodic Table, Giacomo Leopardi’s L’infinito (The infinite) and Wisława Szymborska’s Liczba Pi (Pi), the beginning of Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony and Brahms’ Fourth Symphony the finale of Stravinsky’s Sacre du Printemps, the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen and of the therapeutic properties of lithium salts for psychiatric disorders by John Frederick Joseph Cade, the invention of incandescent light bulbs by Thomas Alva Edison and many other inventors and of the electronic television by Philo Taylor Farnsworth, may succeed in achieving the first objective and, by extension, the second also.
Protection of the Air Environment of Residential and Public Buildings from Radon
Authors: Шубин И. Л. , Бакаева Н. В. , Калайдо А. В. 
Published: March 2022

Постановка задачи. Большую часть индивидуальной годовой дозы облучения человек получает в зданиях от радиоактивного газа радона и его дочерних продуктов распада. Задача обеспечения радиационной безопасности внутренней воздушной среды все еще далека от решения по причине отсутствия установившейся точки зрения на процесс формирования радоновой обстановки в здании, что отчасти вызвано недостаточной разработанностью теоретической базы в сфере радоновой защиты зданий. Результаты. Отмечены общие черты процессов тепло- и массопереноса через наружные ограждающие конструкции. Установлено соответствие теплофизических и радиационных величин. Введены имеющие ясный физический смысл характеристики (сопротивление радонопроницанию, радонопроницаемость), которые в перспективе могут быть использованы для количественной оценки радонозащитной способности строительных материалов и конструкции пола. Вывод. Результаты исследования позволяют сделать вывод о перспективности использования средств и методов теплофизики для обеспечения приемлемых уровней радона в зданиях. Полученные результаты позволяют расширить понятийный аппарат радонобезопасности и открывают возможности для разработки теоретически обоснованной концепции проектирования радонобезопасных зданий.
Statement of the problem. Most individual annual radiation dose in buildings is received from the radioactive gas radon and its progeny. However, the problem of ensuring the indoor air radiation safety is still far from being resolved due to the lack of an established viewpoint on the process of radiation situation formation, which is partly due to the insufficient development of the theoretical base in the field of radon protection of buildings. Results. The base of investigations is the method of analogies implemented within the framework of an interdisciplinary approach. The general features of the processes of heat and mass transport through external walling are noted, the correspondence of thermal physical and radiation values is identified, the characteristics with a clear physical value (radon resistance and radon permeability) are introduced. In the future, they can be used to quantitatively assess the radon protective ability of building materials and the floor constructions. Conclusion. The study results allow one to conclude that the use of means and methods of thermal physics is promising for ensuring acceptable radon levels in buildings. The results make it possible to expand the conceptual apparatus of radon safety and open up opportunities for the development of a theoretically grounded concept for the design of radon-safe buildings.
Influence of the Properties of the Material Obtained by Cold Milling of Non-Rigid Pavements on the Deformation of the Layer During the Construction of the Pavement
Authors: Зарапина Л. С. , Андрианов К. А. , Зубков А. Ф. 
Published: March 2022

Постановка задачи. Установить влияние размера фракций материала, получаемого при фрезеровании покрытий нежесткого типа, толщины и процентного содержания битумной эмульсии на деформацию слоя при устройстве дорожной одежды. Результаты. Экспериментально доказано, что между плотностью, прочностью и деформацией слоя при действии уплотняющей нагрузки существует корреляционная зависимость. Материал, получаемый при холодном фрезеровании старых покрытий нежесткого типа, имеет свои особенности, которые необходимо учитывать при его применении. Введение вяжущего в асфальтогранулят влияет не только на свойства асфальтогранулобетонной смеси, но и на формирование структуры слоя дорожной одежды. Выводы. Получены зависимости для расчета деформации слоя дорожной одежды, позволяющие прогнозировать прочностные характеристики слоя по деформации при разном размере фракций материала, толщины слоя и процентного содержания битумной эмульсии в смеси при действующей нагрузке в процессе уплотнения.
Statement of the problem. The objective of the study is to identify the effect of the size of material fractions, thickness and percentage of bitumen emulsion obtained by milling non-rigid pavements on the deformation of the layer during pavement construction. Results. It has been experimentally proven that there is a correlation between the density, strength and deformation of the layer under the action of a sealing load. The material obtained by cold milling of old non-rigid coatings has its own characteristics that must be taken into account when using it. The introduction of a binder into asphalt granulate affects not only the properties of the asphalt-granular concrete mixture, but also the formation of the structure of the pavement layer. Conclusions. Dependencies for calculating the deformation of the pavement layer have been obtained, which make it possible to predict the strength characteristics of the layer by deformation at different sizes of material fractions, layer thickness and percentage of bitumen emulsion in the mixture under the existing load during the compaction process.