bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of ambulatory blood pressure with coronary microvascular and cardiac dysfunction in asymptomatic type 2 diabetes
Authors: Yeo Jian L , Gulsin Gaurav S , Brady Emer M , Dattani Abhishek , Bilak Joanna M , Marsh Anna-Marie , Sian Manjit , Athithan Lavanya , Parke Kelly S , Wormleighton Joanne , Graham-Brown Matthew PM , Singh Anvesha , Arnold J Ranjit , Lawson Claire , Davies Melanie J , Xue Hui , Kellman Peter , McCann Gerry P 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and hypertension commonly coexist and are associated with subclinical myocardial structural and functional changes. We sought to determine the association between blood pressure (BP) and left ventricular (LV) remodeling, systolic/diastolic function, and coronary microvascular function, among individuals with T2D without prevalent cardiovascular disease. Methods: Participants with T2D and age-, sex-, and ethnicity-matched controls underwent comprehensive cardiovascular phenotyping including fasting bloods, transthoracic echocardiography, cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging with quantitative adenosine stress/rest perfusion, and office and 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring. Multivariable linear regression was performed to determine independent associations between BP and imaging markers of remodeling and function in T2D.Results: Individuals with T2D (n = 205, mean age 63 ± 7 years) and controls (n = 40, mean age 61 ± 8 years) were recruited. Mean 24-hour systolic BP, but not office BP, was significantly greater among those with T2D compared to controls (128.8 ± 11.7 vs 123.0 ± 13.1 mmHg, p = 0.006). Those with T2D had concentric LV remodeling (mass/volume 0.91 ± 0.15 vs 0.82 ± 0.11 g/mL, p < 0.001), decreased myocardial perfusion reserve (2.82 ± 0.83 vs 3.18 ± 0.82, p = 0.020), systolic dysfunction (global longitudinal strain 16.0 ± 2.3 vs 17.2 ± 2.1%, p = 0.004) and diastolic dysfunction (E/e’ 9.30 ± 2.43 vs 8.47 ± 1.53, p = 0.044) compared to controls. In models adjusted for 10 clinical variables, mean 24-hour systolic BP was an independent determinant of concentric LV remodeling (β = 0.156, p = 0.042), diastolic dysfunction (β = 0.274, p < 0.001) and myocardial perfusion reserve (β = -0.224, p = 0.012). Mean 24-hour diastolic BP was associated with LV concentric remodeling (β = 0.196, p = 0.017).Conclusion: 24-hour ambulatory systolic BP, but not office BP, is an independent predictor of cardiac remodeling, coronary microvascular dysfunction, and diastolic dysfunction among asymptomatic individuals with T2D. (Clinical trial registration. URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03132129 Unique identifier: NCT03132129)
Psychological Well-Being among Saudi Adults During the Context of COVID-19 Lockdown: A Psychometric Analysis of the 12-Item General Health Questionnaire
Authors: Hamad Eradah O 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Most communities' mental health and perceptions of psychological well-being are known to be profoundly disrupted by large-scale pandemics. Despite the wide range of available screening measures, there are few reliable and valid screening measures for detecting psychological symptoms in non-clinical populations during a health emergency situation such as the COVID-19 outbreak. Objective: This study aims to conduct a psychometric analysis of Goldberg's 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) to validate its use among a sample of Saudi adults during the context of COVID-19 lockdown using reliability and factor analyses. Methods: 473 individuals (aged 18 years and over) were recruited and taken from the general Saudi population living in Makkah province of Saudi Arabia to complete the virtual format of the Arabic GHQ-12 (Ar-GHQ-12). In addition to descriptive statistics and reliability analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed to examine the factorial structure of the Arabic GHQ-12. Results: In line with previous works from several cultures, the Ar-GHQ-12 was found to have high reliability (α = .859) and considered the two-factor solution to be the best-fitting model because it fits the data better than the one-factor (unidimensional) model. Discussion: It was determined that the Ar-GHQ-12 is suitable for assessing the psychological well-being of the general non-psychiatric population in Saudi Arabia in emergency contexts and may be applied in Saudis and other Arabic-speaking populations in research and busy primary care settings.
Android Malware Detection Based on Sensitive Patterns
Authors: Li Hui , Zhang Hailing , Chen Xue , Liao Dan , Zhang Ming 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In recent years, the rapid increase in the number and type of Android malware has brought great challenges and pressure to malware detection systems. As a widely used method in android malware detection, static detecting has been a hot topic in academia and industry. However, in order to improve the accuracy of detection, the existing static detecting methods sacrifice the excessively high analysis complexity and time cost. Moreover, the correlation between static features leads to redundancy of a large amount of data. Therefore, this paper proposes a static detecting method of Android malware based on sensitive pattern. It uses an improved FP-growth algorithm to mine frequent combinations of sensitive permissions and API calls in malicious apps and benign apps, which avoids the generation of redundant information. In addition, this paper adopts multi-layered gradient boosting decision trees algorithm to train the detection model. And a dual similarity combination method is proposed to measure the similarity between different sensitive patterns. The experimental results show that our proposed detection method has high accuracy and great generalization ability.
Identification of the pyroptosis-related prognostic gene signature and characterization of tumor microenvironment infiltration in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Liu Ji , Ma Jianli , Zhang Qingyuan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Triple-negative breast cancer remains a highly deleterious disease due to the lack of specific targeted therapy and immunotherapy. A growing body of evidence supports pyroptosis' role in tumorigenesis and prognosis, but it still needs further exploration in our understanding of the tumor microenvironment in triple-negative breast cancer.Methods: Consensus clustering analysis was performed to construct pattern clusters. A correlation analysis was conducted between pattern clusters and TME using GSVA, ESTIMATE, and CIBERSORT. Then, risk score and nomogram for predicting overall survival were constructed and verified.Results: We found distinct clusters that differed significantly in terms of prognosis, biological process, clinical features, and tumor microenvironment. Risk scores could predict patient prognosis and response to immunotherapy. Comparatively to other models, the nomogram is extremely effective at predicting prognosis.Conclusions: In immune microenvironment landscapes, pyroptosis-mediated pattern clusters differed markedly. Risk score and nomogram were effective predictive models. These findings could aid in the development of customized treatment for triple-negative breast cancer patients.
Changes of posterior corneal astigmatism after cataract surgery
Authors: Liu Jiewei , Liu Wenjie , Yang Lichun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the changes of posterior corneal astigmatism after cataract surgery and to provide a theoretical basis for accurately evaluating total corneal astigmatism to be corrected before toric IOL implantation.Methods: 62 patients (89 eyes) who underwent phacoemulsification combined with implantation of toric IOL（Acrysof IQ Toric SN6AT2-T9, Alcon Laboratories, Inc.）were collected in Shanxi Eye Hospital from January 2017 to September 2018.Surgically induced astigmatism of posterior corneal were calculated using vector analysis from the examination of PENTACAM.Results: The vector variances of keratometric astigmatism（KA），total corneal astigmatism （TA）and posterior corneal astigmatism（PA）preoperatively and postoperatively in the with-the-rule（WTR）astigmatism group and overall patients group were statistically significant (P < 0.05). A statistically significant difference was observed between surgically induced astigmatism of keratometric astigmatism（SIAKA）and surgically induced astigmatism of total corneal astigmatism（SIATA）for all patients and the ones with WTR astigmatism. For overall patients, SIAKA underestimated SIATA by 0.05 ± 0.21D, and for patients with WTR astigmatism, SIAKA underestimated SIATA by 0.09 ± 0.22D. While for patients in the against-the-rule (ATR) astigmatism group, there were no statistically significant differences between SIAKA and SIATA, even though SIAKA overestimated SIATA by 0.03 ± 0.18D.When PA ≤ 0.4D or KA ≤ 2.0D, SIAPA can be ignored. Whereas when PA > 0.4D or KA > 2.0D, ignoring SIAPA caused by cataract surgery incision will cause SIAKA in patients with WTR astigmatism to underestimate SIATA, while SIAKA in patients with ATR astigmatism overestimate SIATA.Conclusions: Considering the influence of SIAPA, for patients with WTR astigmatism, the actual astigmatism to be corrected should be greater than the measured value, while for patients with ATR astigmatism, the actual astigmatism to be corrected should be less than the measured value.
Risk factors of brain abscess in neonatal meningitis: A propensity score– matched Study
Authors: Peng Nan , Fu Lizhen , Liang Xiaohua , Lu Qi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
brain abscess is a rare but life-threatening complication of meningitis. The purpose of this study was to identify clinical features and potentially relevant factors of brain abscess in neonates with meningitis.
Methods
This study was a propensity score–matched case-control study of neonates with brain abscess and meningitis in a tertiary pediatric hospital between January 2010 and December 2020. A total of 16 neonates with brain abscess were matched to 64 patients with meningitis. Demography, clinical characteristics, laboratory results, pathogens were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the independent risk factors associated with brain abscess.
Result
The most common pathogen we found in brain abscess group was Escherichia coli. Risk factors of brain abscess were identified: multidrug- resistant bacterial infection (OR, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.02–0.59; p = 0.01), C-reactive protein (CRP) > 50 mg/L (OR, 0.07; 95% CI, 0.12–0.39; p = 0.003).
Conclusion
The risk factors of brain abscess are multidrug-resistant bacterial infection and CRP༞50mg/L. Monitoring of the level of CRP is essential. Bacteriological culture and rational use of antibiotics are necessary for the prevention of MDR bacterial infection as well as the occurrence of brain abscess.
The relation between clinically diagnosed and parent-reported feeding difficulties in children with and without clefts
Authors: Vries Iris A.C. , Guillaume Camille H.A.L. , Penris Wouter M. , Eijkemans Rene M.J.C. , Kon Moshe , Breugem Corstiaan C. , Dijk Marijn W.G. van 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) is one of the most common craniofacial malformations, occurring worldwide in about one in 600–1000 newborn infants. CL/P is known to influence the feeding process negatively, causing feeding difficulties in 25-73% of all children with CL/P. Because there is a risk for serious complications in these children regarding feeding difficulties, there is often a need for intensive medical counseling and treatment. At this moment, adequate diagnosis and measurement remains a challenge and often leads to untimely referral to professional help. Since parents play a big part in reporting feeding difficulties it is important to help objectifying parents’ experiences, as well as the use of a frontline screening instrument for routine check-ups during medical appointments. The aim of this study is to investigate the relation between parent perspective and standardized observation by medical professionals on feeding difficulties in 60 children with and without clefts at the age of 17 months. We focus on the information from parents and health professionals by comparing the Observation List Spoon Feeding and the Schedule for Oral Motor Assessment with the validated Dutch translation of the Montreal Children’s Hospital Feeding Scale. In conclusion: There is a need for timely and adequate diagnosis and referral when it comes to feeding difficulties in children with CL/P. This study underscores the importance of combining both parental observations and measurements of oral motor skills by healthcare professionals to enable this.
Cooperation of Striatin 3 and MAP4K4 promotes growth and tissue invasion
Authors: Migliavacca Jessica , Züllig Buket , Capdeville Charles , Grotzer Michael , Baumgartner Martin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
MAP4K4 has been correlated with increased cell motility and reduced proliferation in mammalian cells. The regulation of this dichotomous functionality of MAP4K4 in tumor cells remained elusive. We find that MAP4K4 interacts with striatin 3 and 4 (STRN3/4) in medulloblastoma and that STRN3 and MAP4K4 exert opposing functions in Hippo tumor suppressor signaling and clonal growth. However, depletion of either STRN3 or MAP4K4 reduces migration and tissue invasion, and concomitant loss of both proteins abrogates tumor cell growth in the cerebellar tissue. Mechanistically, STRN3 couples MAP4K4 to the protein phosphatase 2A, which inactivates growth repressing activities of MAP4K4. In parallel, STRN3 enables growth factor-induced PKCθ activation and the direct phosphorylation of VASPS157 by MAP4K4, which both are necessary for efficient migration and tissue invasion. The VASPS157 directed activity of MAP4K4 and STRN3 requires the CNH domain of MAP4K4, which we also found to mediate its interaction with striatins. Thus, STRN3 is a master regulator of growth factor-activated MAP4K4 function and disruption of its cooperation with MAP4K4 reactivates Hippo signaling and represses tissue invasion in medulloblastoma.
Label-free proteomic comparative analysis of cow placental proteins enzymatic hydrolysis by different proteases
Authors: Shen Liu Hong , Zhang Yue , You Liu Chao , Zhu Ying Kun , Shen Yu , Lv Shang Kui , Zong Xiao Lang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
New found in biochemical characteristics of placenta can bring new insight for further studies on the possible markers of physiological/pathological pregnancy or function of placenta. We compared the proteome of dairy cow placenta enzymatic hydrolysis by different proteases by label-free mass spectrometry approach. In total 541, 136 and 86 proteins were identified in trypsin group (TRY), pepsin group (PEP) and papain group (PAP). By comparing the proteome of PAP and TRY, 432 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified. PEP vs TRY identified 421 DEPs, while 136 DEPs were identified in PEP and PAP. The results showed the proteins identified by papain are mostly derived from extracellular matrix and collagen and enriched in relaxin signaling pathway, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications; pepsin digestion can identify more muscle-related proteins, which are enriched in lysosome, platelet activation, cardiac muscle contraction, bacterial invasion of epithelial cell and small cell lung cancer; trypsin mainly enzymatically degrades extracellular matrix, blood particles, and cell surface proteins which enriched in arginine and proline metabolism, olfactory transduction proteasome, protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, pyruvate metabolism and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). In summary, these results provide insights into the selection of protease in dairy cow placenta proteomics.
Clinical characteristics of patients with dental malocclusion: an otolaryngologic perspective
Authors: Yoo Shin Hyuk , Choi Ji Hyeok , Chung Young-Jun , Mo Ji-Hun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the relationship between allergic rhinitis (AR) and dental malocclusion from an otolaryngologic perspective.Methods: Patients (n=217) referred to the otolaryngology department before initiating orthodontic treatment were recruited. The frequency and severity of AR symptoms, sinonasal outcome test (SNOT-22) scores, physical examination findings, acoustic rhinometry results, and treatment modalities were retrospectively assessed. Patients with positive skin prick test findings (SPT) (n=173; orthodontic group) were compared with age- and sex-matched patients being treated for AR (AR group).Results: We found that 76.5% of the enrolled patients had subjective nasal symptoms, and 93.1% patients showed abnormal physical examination findings such as inferior turbinate hypertrophy (82.0%), adenotonsillar hypertrophy (31.8%) or deviated nasal septum (7.4%). The 173 (79.7%) patients with positive SPT results exhibited a significantly higher incidence of rhinorrhoea, sneezing, and inferior turbinate hypertrophy compared to those with negative SPT results. The proportion of patients who underwent pharmacological or surgical treatments was significantly higher among patients with nasal obstruction (92.0%) than among patients without nasal obstruction (36.9%). The frequency and mean visual analogue symptom scores for nasal obstruction, rhinorrhoea, and sneezing, as well as all SNOT-22 domain scores were significantly higher in the AR group than in the orthodontic group. The minimal cross-sectional area measured with acoustic rhinometry showed no significant difference between groups.Conclusion: Patients with dental malocclusion had a high SPT (+) rate and a high prevalence of structural abnormalities of the upper airway. Early intervention may prevent further progression of malocclusion.
Evaluation of Antileukemic and Antimalarial Potential of Zanthoxylum
rhetsa DC (Rutaceae), A Well-known Spice
Authors: Mallya Rashmi , Bhitre Milind 
Published: April 2022

Introduction:
Zanthoxylum rhetsa fruits, a common spice in many cuisines, have proven to
have a good therapeutic potential and are routinely used in food, medicine, and commerce. The present
study was conducted to screen the in vitro antileukemic and antimalarial activities of the methanolic
extract of Z. rhetsa fruits and conduct mechanistic studies for antileukemic activity.

Methods:
Methanol extract was prepared by maceration process and standardised with lupeol as a
marker using HPLC. MTT and SRB assays were used to establish the cytotoxicity of the extract
against L929 and leukemic cell lines (Jurkat, K562, and HL-60). The amount of ROS in cell lines was
detected by flow cytometry using 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescin diacetate. Apoptosis on HL-60 was
detected by Annexin-V/PI dual staining assay through cell cycle analysis and gel electrophoresis. In
vitro antimalarial activity was conducted on Plasmodium falciparum CQ sensitive 3D7 strains according
to the WHO 2001 guidelines.

Results:
The methanol extract contained 1.03% of lupeol. Potent antileukemic activity (IC50 <10
μg/mL) was observed against HL-60 in comparison to K562 and Jurkat cell lines. The extract induced
apoptosis in cancer cells in the proliferative and mitotic phase without DNA fragmentation. Therefore,
the antileukemic activity exhibited by the extract could be attributed to the increased oxidative stress
generated in cancer cells. Fruits also exhibited good antioxidant activity against normal cells, thus
proving beneficial as cytoprotective agents. Promising antimalarial activity (IC50 = 16.21 μg/mL) with
high selectivity against malarial parasites was exhibited by the fruits.

Conclusion:
Thus, the fruits of Z.rhetsa can be used as an adjuvant therapy to reduce the side effects
and resistance associated with chemotherapy and can be a potential candidate for drug discovery research
in the areas of cancer and parasitic infection.
Identification of Six Novel Prognostic Gene Signatures as Potential
Biomarkers in Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Wang Cailian , Feng Shicheng , Zhang Xiuxiu , Gu Xuyu , Zhou Min , Chen Yan 
Published: April 2022

Objective:
As a subgroup of lung cancer, small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is characterized by a short tumor doubling time, high rates of early occurred distant cancer spread, and poor outcomes. Our study aimed to identify novel molecular markers associated with SCLC prognosis.

Methods:
Microarray data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database of SCLC tumors and paired normal tissues were obtained. In the dataset, Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) which were identified by comparing gene expression between normal lung and SCLC samples were screened using the R language. The STRING database was used to map protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, and these were visualized with the Cytoscape software. Go enrichment analysis and prediction were performed using the Metascape database and the results were visualized. Autophagy-related prognostic genes were identified by univariate COX regression analysis. Subsequently, stepwise model selection using the Akaike information criterion (AIC) and multivariate COX regression model was performed to construct DEGs signature. Survival receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to assess the performance of survival prediction. At last, we evaluated the differences in drug sensitivity of the two groups of patients to common chemotherapeutic drugs and small-molecule targeted drugs.

Results:
A total of 441 identified DE genes, including 412 downregulated and 29 upregulated genes were identified. GO enrichment analyses showed that DEGs were significantly enriched in the collagen-containing extracellular matrix and extracellular matrix organization. 16 genes were individually associated with OS in univariate analyses. The high expression of 6 genes (HIST1H4L、RP11-16O9.2、SNORA71A、SELV、FAM66A and BRWD1-AS1)) was associated with the poor prognosis of SCLC patients. To predict patients’ outcomes, we developed an individual’s risk score model based on the 6 genes. We founed that SCLC patients with a low-risk score had significantly better survival than those with a high-risk score. What’s more, association analysis between clinicopathological factors and gene signature showed the risk score was higher in patients with, higher clinical stage or T stage. What’s more, the patients with the high-risk score group had better treatment effect for etoposide and docetaxel. This suggests that our model can guide clinical treatment decisions.

Conclusion:
A novel six-gene signature was determined for prognostic prediction in SCLC. Our findings may provide new insights into the precise treatment and prognosis prediction of SCLC.