bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drug‐induced crystalluria attributable to tosufloxacin in children
Authors: Atsumi Yukari , Yamanaka Haruka , Shimozawa Katsuyoshi , Yamanaka Junko , Uryu Hideko , Mizukami Ayumi , Shichino Hiroyuki 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundDrug‐induced crystalluria is reportedly caused by a large number of drugs. Tosufloxacin (TFLX), a second‐generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic, is reported to cause kidney injury and crystalluria. We retrospectively analyzed patients with crystalluria caused by TFLX to clarify the clinical course of TFLX‐induced crystalluria in children.MethodsThis study was designed as a retrospective case series using the database of the National Center for Global Medicine covering the period from January 1, 2020 to March 31, 2021. We enrolled pediatric patients aged 15 years or younger with crystalluria attributable to TFLX treated in our pediatric department and collected clinical data.ResultsThirteen patients were diagnosed with crystalluria attributable to TFLX. The median age of the patients at diagnosis was 4.0 years (range, 0.8–15 years; interquartile range = 1.2–8.8 years), and five patients (38%) were male. Six patients (46%) had gastrointestinal symptoms such as vomiting and abdominal pain, and 12 patients (92%) had decreased oral intake. The median time to diagnosis after TFLX administration was 4 days (range, 2–7 days; interquartile range = 3–6 days). All patients received TFLX at the appropriate dose. Two patients (17%) were diagnosed with acute kidney injury, and both had gastrointestinal symptoms such as vomiting and abdominal pain.ConclusionsCrystalluria induced by TFLX occurred despite administration of the appropriate dose of TFLX. Physicians should recognize crystalluria and renal injury attributable to TFLX. It may be possible to prevent renal injury by discontinuing drug therapy.
The post‐ovulatory rise in progesterone is lower and the persistence of oestrous behaviour longer during the first compared with the second cycle of the breeding season in mares
Authors: Newcombe John R. , Wilsher Sandra , Cuervo‐Arango Juan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMares are seasonally polyoestrous breeders. Therefore, the first ovulation of the season, following winter anoestrus, is the only cycle in which mares ovulate without the presence of an old CL from the previous cycle. The objective of this study was to compare the length of oestrous behaviour, and plasma progesterone concentrations during the early post‐ovulatory period between mares after the first and second ovulation of the breeding season. Overall, 38 mares and 167 oestrous periods were used in the study. From those, 11 mares were used during the first and subsequent oestrous period to measure and compare the post‐ovulatory rise in progesterone concentration, whereas all the mares were used to compare the length of the post‐ovulatory oestrous behaviour between the first and subsequent cycles of the breeding season. The persistence of the post‐ovulatory oestrus was longer (p < .001) following the first ovulation of the year (median of 52 h) compared with the subsequent ovulations (median of 36 h for second and later ovulations groups; n = 38 mares). The progesterone concentration at any of the four 8 h‐intervals analysed (28, 36, 76 and 84 h post‐ovulation) was lower (p < .01) following the first versus the second ovulation of the year. By 36 h post‐ovulation the progesterone concentration of mares at the second ovulation of the year had passed the threshold of 2 ng/ml (2.1 ± 0.33 ng/ml), whereas in the first cycle it was 1.2 ± 0.13 ng/ml. In conclusion, mares had lower progesterone concentrations in their peripheral circulation and longer persistence of oestrous behaviour following the first ovulation of the year compared with the second and subsequent ovulatory periods of the breeding season.
Hemostatic function of cold‐stored platelets in a thrombocytopenic rabbit bleeding model
Authors: Nogawa Masayuki , Watanabe Naohide , Koike Toshiyasu , Fukuda Kanae , Ishiguro Mariko , Fujino Hitomi , Hirayama Junichi , Shiba Masayuki , Handa Makoto , Mori Takehiko , Okamoto Shinichiro , Miyata Shigeki , Satake Masahiro 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundTransfusion of cold‐stored platelet concentrates (CS‐PCs) appears effective in massively bleeding patients. However, few studies have evaluated their in vivo hemostatic function in severe thrombocytopenia.Study Design and MethodsThe in vivo function of plasma‐depleted human PCs was evaluated in rabbits with a blocked reticuloendothelial system and busulfan‐induced thrombocytopenia. On day 1, a human apheresis PC was processed in a platelet additive solution (PAS‐PC) and split evenly for cold or room temperature storage (RTS). On days 3, 6, or 9, RTS‐ or CS‐PAS‐PCs were transfused (4.0 × 109 platelets/kg) after plasma depletion into two to four rabbits that developed adequate thrombocytopenia (<25 × 109/L). Ear bleeding time was measured by two incisions in small veins. The hemostatic rate was defined as the percentage of rabbits achieving bleeding cessation within 600 s at either incision. The experiment was repeated using five different PCs on each storage day.ResultsThe mean pre‐transfusion rabbit platelet count was 8.6 ± 5.2 × 109/L. The hemostatic rates with RTS‐ and CS‐PAS‐PCs were both 100% on day 3, 93 ± 15% and 73 ± 15% on day 6 (p = .07), and 65 ± 36% and 73 ± 37% on day 9 (p = .27), respectively, with no statistical differences. Total platelet counts were significantly lower after CS‐PAS‐PC than RTS‐PAS‐PC transfusion on all days (e.g., 58.7 ± 5.7 vs. 42.4 ± 14.7 × 109/L, p = .0007, day 9), and did not reach 50 × 109/L in several experiments. Platelet count increments correlated significantly with hemostatic efficacy for CS‐PAS‐PC transfusion only.DiscussionCS‐PAS‐PCs might achieve similar hemostasis as RTS‐PAS‐PCs in thrombocytopenic patients with mild bleeding. Hemostatic efficacy could be improved by transfusing more CS‐PAS‐PCs.
Uncertainty Quantification and Sensitivity Analysis of Semi-Mechanistic Models for Sand Erosion in Elbows for Single and Multiphase Flows
Authors: Vieira Ronald E. , Shirazi Siamack A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
An accurate prediction of erosion in pipe fittings is a key aspect in the design process and during real-time control strategies of fluid transport facilities. Along with CFD simulations, semi-mechanistic models are commonly used for this purpose. These models predict erosion rates in a large variety of flow conditions with reasonable agreement with existing data, but no tool is available to quantify the uncertainty of these models. In addition, due to the error in measuring the input data, an uncertainty quantification tool is also needed for model validation. In this work, uncertainty quantification and sensitivity analysis are performed to quantify the level of confidence in predictions of one-dimensional mechanistic models for erosion in elbows considering single-phase and multi-phase flow regimes. A method is proposed for this purpose accounting for the effect of several variables on erosion predictions, such as fluid flow rates, geometry, solid and fluid properties. Monte Carlo simulations were used for the uncertainty quantification while two approaches for the sensitivity analysis (the screening and variance-based methods) were used to identify which variables the predictions are most sensitive to. The most critical input parameters in terms of uncertainty are rigorously identified case by case. The prediction intervals for erosion in elbows for different gas-liquid flow patterns in vertical flow are obtained from knowledge of the measurement error in the variables provided to the model. The model predictions are also compared to experiments while accounting for uncertainty. The results of this work give new insights regarding the degree of uncertainties in predictions of erosion rates in single and multiphase flows, providing an important tool for future experimental validations of erosion models.
Jet Erosion of Particle Beds: Projecting Critical Suspension Velocities From Effective Clearing / Cleaning Radii
Authors: Pease Leonard F. , Bamberger Judith Ann , Minette Michael J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Here we explore the relationship between effective cleaning/clearing radii, ECR, and critical suspension velocities, Ucs. Although one set of physics controls both the radial extent of erosion (i.e., the ECR) and the velocity needed to erode from the center of jet impingement to any given location (i.e., Ucs, typically defined from nozzle center to the vessel center), the relationship between these two remains unexplored quantitatively for nominally non-cohesive solids. Here we advance the model of Kuhn, et al., (PNNL-22816, 2013) as described by Pease, et al. (FEDSM2017-69444, 2017) to evaluate the relationship between the effective clearing/cleaning radius and the nozzle velocity on flat surfaces including flat bottomed vessels. Two governing dimensionless groups are identified. We present both a closed form analytical but transcendental solution and a non-iterative approximation modeled after the Serghides approximation of Colebrook’s nonlinear equation for both ECR versus nozzle velocity and Ucs. Comparison of the model to data from flume testing on a flat surface finds reasonable agreement.
A Method for Numerical Evaluation of Singular Integrals in Curved Hexahedra and With High-Order Source Functions
Authors: Gharakhani Adrin , Stock Mark J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A method is developed for evaluating the 3-D Biot-Savart singular integral for the velocity field induced by arbitrarily high-order (discontinuous) vorticity in arbitrarily high-order curved hexahedral elements. The proposed method uses Duffy’s coordinate transformation and singularity removal strategy, which, through a set of transformations, accommodates accurate evaluation of the transformed volume integrals using standard adaptive cubature techniques. In this paper, the new method is formulated in detail, followed by a series of benchmark tests demonstrating the convergence properties of the singular volume integral as a function of the discretization order of the vorticity (source) field.
Effect of the Macroscale on the Dynamics of a Slender Flexible Cylinder in Cross-Flow
Authors: Condo Felipe , Silva-Leon Jorge , Cioncolini Andrea 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper studies how the turbulence intensity and macroscale generated by a passive grid located at different distances from a slender flexible cylinder (L/D = 120) affect its dynamics. The turbulence in the flow is the normalized deviation of the flow velocity, and it is important because it is related to the flow velocity variability. The macroscale length measures the size of the eddies in a flow (largest eddy size) and is related to the energy contained in the large eddies. Here we compute it using the power spectrum of the velocity at low frequencies. This helped us examine whether the size of an eddy would affect the flapping motion of the filament.
To manipulate the macroscale, a passive grid was placed at five different upstream locations with respect to the cylinder. Two high-speed cameras recorded the motion in the top and front plane while the cylinder was exposed to different wind speeds, which were increased in gradual steps.
We analyze the linear relationship of the motion in the vertical and horizontal planes. Furthermore, non-linear analysis of the data is used to determine the onset of the motion and determine whether it is a quasi-periodic or chaotic motion. The results show that the turbulence macroscale modification affects the critical velocity for the onset of the flapping motion. While the turbulence shifts the onset of the motion to the lower flow speeds, the motion exhibits less clear quasi-periodic behavior than in the case where there is no grid. The bifurcation diagrams show how the dimensionless amplitude in the vertical plane does not change for different macroscale lengths, while the motion in the horizontal plane does. Based on the analysis, turbulence does not seem to be related to the vertical plane motion, while the horizontal motion shows to be more chaotic, possibly a turbulent buffeting.
Study on Measurement Accuracy of State Parameters in Leakage Process of Supercritical CO2 Pipeline
Authors: Guo Xiaolu , Fan Zhichao , Xu Shuangqing , Wang Yunfeng , Yu Shuai 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The carbon capture, transportation and storage (CCS) technology is an important option to achieve carbon emission reduction. Supercritical CO2 pipeline as its intermediate link, in order to prevent pipeline fracture propagation, human injury and transportation medium loss caused by leakage, it is necessary to establish a highly accurate on-line leakage monitoring technology. At present, the law of pressure and temperature response in supercritical CO2 pipeline leakage is not well understood, and the mechanism of pressure and temperature coupling mutation in the propagation of decompression wave is still unclear. Based on the experimental data of pipeline leakage, combined with theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, this paper studies the sudden change mechanism of pressure and temperature at the moment of leakage, analyzes the attenuation law of sudden drop rebound amplitude of pressure and temperature during the propagation of decompression wave, studies the influence of velocity error, dynamic error and other errors on sensor measurement, and puts forward an improved method of high-precision state parameter measurement.
Research on Fluid Dynamics and Thermal Characteristics in Hydraulic Valves by Thermal-Fluid-Solid Coupling Method
Authors: Nie Jia-xi , Lin Zhen-hao , Hao Jiao-shan , Jiang Yong-bing , Jin Zhi-jiang , Qian Jin-yuan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Hydraulic valve is used as an important hydraulic component, playing a vital role in fluid power transmission and control systems. When the phenomenon of sticking of valve core occurs, it may seriously decrease the accuracy and sensitivity of the hydraulic valve. Micro-deformation is one of the most common faults causing the valve core sticking, which is due to the thermal load. Therefore, studying the mechanism of valve core sticking caused by thermal fluid is of great significance. In this paper, the fluid dynamics in hydraulic valves and the temperature characteristics of valve core are analyzed based on the thermal-fluid-solid coupling method. Results show that the jet angle (θ) will decrease with the increase of opening degree (k), and the maximum velocity and temperature increase with the increase of the opening degree. By loading the temperature field into the thermal analysis as a boundary condition, it shows that the temperature of the U-throttle groove increases with the increase of the opening degree. In addition, with the increase of opening degree, the maximum thermal deformation increases and the contact pressure between valve core and valve body also increases. This work has a certain reference value for researching and improving the phenomenon of valve core stuck in hydraulic valve.
Development and Experimental Study of Ultra-High Pressure Abrasive Water Cutting Equipment for Deep-Sea Sunken Ship
Authors: Chen Zhengwen , Ren Qile , Su Jinxin , Wang Yongqiang , Xue Shengxiong , Han Caihong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Cutting and breaking the sunken ship in the deep-sea environment is an important step of salvage. Especially for the deep-sea sunken ship loaded with fuel and liquid dangerous chemicals, safe and efficient cutting and opening is the primary process to remove the dangerous liquid from the sunken ship. This paper expounded technical scheme of ultra-high pressure pre-mixed abrasive water cutting steel plate for 6000 meters deep-sea sunken ship, and introduced the development of 140MPa ultra-high pressure abrasive water cutting equipment integrated into the seabed. The key technologies of ultra-high pressure seawater pump working underwater and seawater lubricated bearing were discussed. The structure and control technology of abrasive mixing valve was analyzed. The cutting head device used together with ROV (remote operated vehicle) robot was also developed. Through the underwater cutting experiment simulated in pool and actual underwater cutting experiment on the seabed, the results shown that this equipment and parameter working conditions fully meet the requirements of sunken ship salvage engineering in deep-sea environment.
Development of Droplet Erosion Testing Facility
Authors: Anderson Keldon , Karimi Soroor , Shirazi Siamack 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Liquid droplet erosion is a phenomenon that exists when liquid impacts a surface at a relatively high velocity that generates enough force to cause surface damage. This erosion has been ignored in early wind turbine designs due to their rotational speed being below the erosion threshold. However, the introduction to large-scale designs and offshore applications has shifted that focus. The knowledge of leading-edge protection has extended the lifespan of turbine operations by delaying the onset of damage caused by this erosion. Research into water droplet erosion is relatively new in comparison to other fields for erosion and turbine design. The goal of this paper is to develop an experimental facility to increase the available data for droplet erosion under standardized and repeatable conditions. The facility can test a variety of sample types at velocities up to 100 m/s in an artificial rain field. Testing will be conducted on metallic and non-metallic samples to measure mass loss caused by erosion. The facility is composed of cinderblock walls, a metal-framed roof, and a polycarbonate door for easy access and viewing of the test chamber. Rain field production is achieved via a peristaltic pump distributing water over ten needles that are mounted around the perimeter of the testing area. The needles are calibrated for flowrate and liquid droplet size produced for testing to match the desired rain intensity. Testing parameters include liquid type and conditions, droplet size and frequency, material type, rotation velocity, and specimen impact angle. Each specimen’s mass will be monitored to compare mass loss to the impact angle conditions. Test results will be compiled to generate a model for future erosion prediction and analysis for turbine material design and selection.
Improvement of the Clogging Behaviour of a Wastewater Impeller by the Use of an Inlet Guide Fin
Authors: Steffen Matthias , Thamsen Paul Uwe 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The presented paper deals with the further development of a clogging-affine impeller with the support of optical high-speed video recordings. Development towards a “guide fin” for improved clogging behaviour is presented in 3 configurations. For configuration 1, functional tests are performed which failed at all operating points, even at light textile load. Evaluation of high-speed videos led to the conclusion that the hub shape is responsible for the initiation of a clogging process. To prevent this initiation, in configuration 2 the hub area is provided with a “guide stick” and a cone positioned on the axis of rotation which deflects incoming textiles to a larger diameter and thus away from the hub. The reperformed functional tests showed a significant improvement of clogging behaviour, especially with light and medium textile loads. However, reconsideration of the high-speed videos showed that the design of the guide stick is unsuitable for higher textile loads. This led to further development of the guide fin (configuration 3), whose reperformed functional tests revealed an impeller that was free of clogging in 11 of 12 test scenarios. It can be shown that the use of an optical access provides the possibility to identify and document the beginning of a clogging event in order to derive specific design modifications that can improve the clogging behaviour of a wastewater impeller.
The presented paper focusses on the clogging behaviour caused by the impeller. Further influencing factors, e.g. the volute, are not considered here.
Physics-Informed Long-Short Term Memory Neural Network Performance on Holloman High-Speed Test Track Sled Study
Authors: Pérez José , Baez Rafael , Terrazas Jose , Rodríguez Arturo , Villanueva Daniel , Fuentes Olac , Kumar Vinod , Paez Brandon , Cruz Abdiel 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Physics Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) incorporate known physics equations into a network to reduce training time and increase accuracy. Traditional PINNs approaches are based on dense networks that do not consider the fact that simulations are a type of sequential data. Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) networks are a modified version of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) which are used to analyze sequential datasets. We propose a Physics Informed LSTM network that leverages the power of LSTMs for sequential datasets that also incorporates the governing physics equations of 2D incompressible Navier-Stokes fluid to analyze fluid flow around a stationary geometry resembling the water braking mechanism at the Holloman High-Speed Test Track. Currently, simulation data to analyze the fluid flow of the braking mechanism is generated through ANSYS and is costly, taking several days to generate a single simulation. By incorporating physics equations, our proposed Physics-Informed LSTM network was able to predict the last 20% of a simulation given the first 80% within a small margin of error in a shorter amount of time than a non-informed LSTM. This demonstrates the potential that physics-informed networks that leverage sequential information may have at speeding up computational fluid dynamics simulations and serves as a first step towards adapting PINNs for more advanced network architectures.
Atmospheric Turbulence Intermittency Effects on Remote Sensing Laser Propagation
Authors: Rodriguez Arturo , Gudimetla V. S. Rao , Adansi Richard , Terrazas Jose , Corral Vicente , Harris Christopher , Kumar Vinod , Baez Rafael , Paez Brandon 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Scientists and researchers employed Gaussian media turbulence phase screens to find a clear view pocket in the fluid flow control space to enhance remote sensing capabilities, such as AFRL Maui Optical Supercomputing Site (AMOS), in the past two-decade. Some studies have found that fluid flow does not always behave in a Gaussian form; in atmospheric irregular fluid flow events, the turbulence exhibits intermittency. A recent study indicated that the intermittency in the fluid flow had correlated to the Fried parameter and generalized to a log-normal statistical distribution. Refractive Index Structure-Function is an essential parameter of interest to understand the intermittency in fluid flow phenomenon. Concluding that, to simulate phase screens with intermittency, the Refractive Index Structure Function must be changed depending on conditions for fluid flow intermittent data set, consequently changing the Fried Parameter to irregular behavior. Comparisons on this assumption will be addressed and implemented in this paper with new phase screens to enhance AMOS capabilities in intermittent events found in atmospheric turbulence. This study has compared advantages and disadvantages between generalizations and expensive numerical simulations to determine the tradeoffs between computational cost versus accuracy in numerical calculations of remote sensing laser propagation.