bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma Leptin and Adiponectin Levels and Disease Severity in Primary Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Elmenawy Mustafa Adel , Abd Elsamia Hesham Samir , Ryan Mohamed Monier , Abdelwahab Hisham Eldosoky 
Published: August 2022

Introduction and aim: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the commonest degenerative and painful articular disease. It is a significant cause of disability. Early diagnosis is crucial and searching for biomarkers is continuing. The current work aimed to assessment the plasma leptin and adiponectin concentrations in patients with primary knee osteoarthritis (OA), and to explore the relationship of leptin and adiponectin with OA severity
Methodology: Forty patients with primary knee osteoarthritis from both sexes who fulfilled ACR criteria for diagnosis of knee OA were enrolled. Other healthy subjects were included as a control group. Patients were sassed by history taking, clinical examination, radiological and laboratory investigations. WOMAC questionnaire was used to evaluate a patient’s functions.
Results: Both study and control groups were comparable as regards to patient demographics, except their weight, height and body mass index (BMI). Obesity, hypertension, tenderness, pain grade, limitation of joint movements and WOMAC score, Kellgren Lawrence radiological criteria, leptin and adiponectin were increased in study when compared to control group. There was significant, positive, moderate correlation between leptin and BMI (r=0.557, p < 0.001). Higher leptin was associated with obesity and diabetes mellitus. Leptin serum levels revealed proportional, moderate, significant correlation with each of pain, stiffness and K-L criteria, while this correlation was powerful with physical function and total WOMAC score.
Conclusion: Leptin and adiponectin were increased in patients with osteoarthritis. Leptin alone is significantly associated with disease severity indices.
Prilocaine Fentanyl versus Bupivacaine-Fentanyl in Subarachnoid Anesthesia for Lower Abdominal Surgeries
Authors: Ebrahim Saeed Mohamed  , Ayman Saleh Ragab  , Tawfik Noor El-Din  , Ahmed Farag Abdelattif  , Mohamed Arafa Elsaid  
Published: August 2022

Introduction and aim: Spinal anesthesia is a commonly and conveniently used for lower abdominal surgeries. The research on different drugs for spinal anesthesia is still ongoing to find out the standard and ideal drug. The current work aimed to compare efficacy and safety profile between prilocaine versus bupivacaine in spinal anesthesia for lower abdominal surgeries.
Methodology: Ninety patients scheduled for elective lower abdominal surgeries were included and randomly assigned to one of two equal groups. All patients were preoperatively assessed by clinical and laboratory investigations. Hemodynamic monitoring was assessed intraoperatively every 5 minutes. Sensory and motor blockade and postoperative pain and time for first analgesic request were recorded. The primary outcomes were efficacy of block (onset of sensory block, onset and intensity of motor block and duration of action). The Secondary outcomes were hemodynamic changes, post-operative analgesia, and patient satisfaction.
Results: The time for the onset of the highest sensory block was shorter among P than B group (5.91±1.84 vs 8.26±1.98 minutes, respectively). Similarly, the time for the onset of the highest motor block level and PACU length of stay (minutes) was significantly shorter among P than B groups. The postoperative pain score was reduced in P than B group. The time for first analgesic request was shorter among P than B group (192.44±11.21 vs 235.77±29.44 minutes). Sensory regression to L1 was shorter among P than B groups. The motor regarrisons at one hour showed significant difference. The postoperative systolic blood pressure was significantly reduced in B than P group, with increased hypotension in B than P group (17.8% vs 4.4%, respectively). On the other side, no significant difference was observed for other complications or satisfaction score.
Conclusion: The combination of prilocaine and fentanyl is superior than bupivacaine and fentanyl for subarachnoid anesthesia in lower abdominal surgery.
Pengembangan Media KALTEM (Kalender Tema) terhadap Kemampuan Membaca Anak Usia Dini di Taman Kanak-Kanak Ayu Palembang
Authors: Anggraini Novi , Fauzi Taty , Sari Mardiana 
Published: August 2022

Permasalahan yang ditemukan dalam penelitian ini yaitu bagaimana pengembangan media KALTEM (Kalender Tema) Terhadap kemampuan membaca anak usia dini di Taman Kanak-Kanak Ayu Palembang. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan Research and Development (R&D) yaitu penelitian dan pengembangan melalui pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yaitu Observasi, dan Instrumen ahli media dan ahli Bahasa. Hasil Penelitian yaitu menyatakan bahwa Rata-rata hasil penilaian ahli media mendapat persentase sebesar 91,65 %, sehingga penilaian yang dicapai dari ahli media termasuk kategori “Sangat Layak”. Sedangkan rata-rata penilaian ahli bahasa mendapatkan persentase sebesar 94,64%, sehingga media Kaltem termasuk kategori “Sangat Layak”. Sedangkan uji coba kelayakan yang dilakukan dilapangan menghasilkan persentase 90 % sehingga termasuk katagori “Sangat Layak” melalui uji coba terbatas.

Keywords: Anak Usia Dini, Kemampuan Membaca, dan Media KALTEM (Kalender Tema)
Peran Baznas dalam Pengelolaan dan Pemberdayaan Zakat Produktif untuk Meningkatkan Pendapatan Mustahik
Authors: Mazlan  
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode pendekatan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian tentang peran Badan Amil Zakat Nasional dalam pengelolaan dan pendayagunaan zakat produktif sebagai berikut: Pertama Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (BAZNAS) Kabupaten Tebo dalam menjalankan Tugas dan fungsinya sudah terarah dan membaik dengan dibuatnya Program Kerja yang dituangkan didalam Rencana Kerja Anggaran Tahunan (RKAT). Kedua didalam bidang pengumpulan dana zakat Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (BAZNAS) Kabupaten Tebo terus berkampanye dengan melakukan sosialisasi kekacamatan yang ada di kabupaten Tebo dan juga melalui Media Sosial. Ketiga Untuk mengembangkan dan mempermudah kinerja Badan Amil Zakat (BAZNAS) Kabupaten Tebo maka disetiap Instansi dan Kecamatan Di bentuk Unit Pengumpulan Zakat. Keempat Dalam upaya pendayagunaan zakat produktif Badan Amil Zakat (BAZNAS) Kabupaten Tebo membuat program Tebo Berdaya dengan memberikan bantuan ternak sapi dan modal usaha sehingga bisa meningkatkan kesejahteraan mustahik kalau dikelola dengan baik dan benar.
Musical Bodies, Musical Minds
Authors: van der Schyff Dylan , Schiavio Andrea , Elliott David J. 
Published: August 2022

An enactive account of musicality that proposes new ways of thinking about musical experience, musical development in infancy, music and evolution, and more.
Musical Bodies, Musical Minds offers an innovative account of human musicality that draws on recent developments in embodied cognitive science. The authors explore musical cognition as a form of sense-making that unfolds across the embodied, environmentally embedded, and sociomaterially extended dimensions that compose the enactment of human worlds of meaning. This perspective enables new ways of understanding musical experience, the development of musicality in infancy and childhood, music's emergence in human evolution, and the nature of musical emotions, empathy, and creativity.
Developing their account, the authors link a diverse array of ideas from fields including neuroscience, theoretical biology, psychology, developmental studies, social cognition, and education. Drawing on these insights, they show how dynamic processes of adaptive body-brain-environment interactivity drive musical cognition across a range of contexts, extending it beyond the personal (inner) domain of musical agents and out into the material and social worlds they inhabit and influence. An enactive approach to musicality, they argue, can reveal important aspects of human being and knowing that are often lost or obscured in the modern technologically driven world.
Cyberinsurance Policy
Authors: Wolff Josephine 
Published: August 2022

Why cyberinsurance has not improved cybersecurity and what governments can do to make it a more effective tool for cyber risk management.
As cybersecurity incidents—ranging from data breaches and denial-of-service attacks to computer fraud and ransomware—become more common, a cyberinsurance industry has emerged to provide coverage for any resulting liability, business interruption, extortion payments, regulatory fines, or repairs. In this book, Josephine Wolff offers the first comprehensive history of cyberinsurance, from the early “Internet Security Liability” policies in the late 1990s to the expansive coverage offered today. Drawing on legal records, government reports, cyberinsurance policies, and interviews with regulators and insurers, Wolff finds that cyberinsurance has not improved cybersecurity or reduced cyber risks.
Wolff examines the development of cyberinsurance, comparing it to other insurance sectors, including car and flood insurance; explores legal disputes between insurers and policyholders about whether cyber-related losses were covered under policies designed for liability, crime, or property and casualty losses; and traces the trend toward standalone cyberinsurance policies and government efforts to regulate and promote the industry. Cyberinsurance, she argues, is ineffective at curbing cybersecurity losses because it normalizes the payment of online ransoms, whereas the goal of cybersecurity is the opposite—to disincentivize such payments to make ransomware less profitable. An industry built on modeling risk has found itself confronted by new technologies before the risks posed by those technologies can be fully understood.
Samiske barnehagers rolle i språkrevitaliseringa
Authors: Rasmussen Torkel 
Published: August 2022

More than a thousand children attend Sámi kindergartens daily, while quite a number of Sámi children get Sámi language instruction in other kindergartens. This activity is one of the most important arenas for transmission and acquisition of Sámi languages. A question raised in this article is how these kindergartens are used as research fields in the disciplines of language and sociology and early childhood pedagogy. Another question is what kind of language teaching models are used. The article shows that little research has been carried out on how Sámi kindergartens teach Sámi language. There is also little research done on the results from this education. A review of the Sámi kindergartens’ history shows that statistical material on Sámi kindergartens and Sámi language instruction in other kindergartens is available only from some geographical areas, and existing statistical information is only partly suitable for analysis. This makes it difficult to use existing material to monitor the vitality of Sámi languages. The article calls for more research on Sámi kindergartens and language teaching models used in them. A goal could be to create a basis for monitoring this crucial indicator of language vitality for Sámi languages: whether new generations of Sámi become Sámi-speakers or not. This should be followed up with more research on the language teaching models used in Sámi kindergartens
Health‐Related Quality of Life in Adults With Adolescent‐ and Adult‐Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Longitudinal Study of a Multiethnic US Cohort
Authors: Borgia R. Ezequiel , Ugarte‐Gil Manuel F. , Vilá Luis M. , Reveille John D. , McGwin Gerald , Alarcón Graciela S. 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveThe long‐term impact of childhood‐onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) on health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in adult SLE patients in comparison to those with adult‐onset SLE is unknown. We aim to examine and compare HRQoL trajectories in adults with adolescent‐ and adult‐onset SLE.MethodsPatients enrolled in the LUpus in MInorities: NAture versus Nurture cohort were included. Adolescent‐onset SLE were those diagnosed before 24 years of age, and adult‐onset SLE were those diagnosed otherwise. Sociodemographic, clinical, medications, behavioral/psychological, and functioning data were obtained. Longitudinal trajectories of the physical component summary (PCS) and the mental component summary (MCS) Short Form 36 health survey scores were compared between the groups using a linear mixed model accounting for time‐dependent and independent covariates.ResultsA total of 470 SLE patients were included (95 with adolescent‐onset SLE and 375 with adult‐onset SLE). The mean ± SD age at diagnosis was 19.7 ± 2.8 years in the adolescent group and 39.3 ± 11.0 years in the adult group. The baseline PCS scores were higher (better physical functioning) in adolescent‐onset SLE than in adult‐onset SLE (38.9 versus 34.3, respectively; P < 0.001); however, the baseline MCS scores were comparable between the groups (41.4 versus 40.5, respectively; P = 0.53). The HRQoL improved equally in both groups with no statistically significant difference within and between the groups (last mean PCS and MCS scores 43.9 and 45.3 in adolescent‐onset SLE; 38.1 and 43 in adult‐onset SLE).ConclusionsAdults with adolescent‐onset SLE exhibited better physical functioning than those in the adult SLE group, despite more severe disease; noteworthy, HRQoL was below the general US population, despite clinically meaningful improvement in HRQoL over time in both groups.
Monitoring and Achievement of Target Serum Urate Among Gout Patients Receiving Long‐Term Urate‐Lowering Therapy in the American College of Rheumatology RISE Registry
Authors: Hammam Nevin , Li Jing , Kay Julia , Izadi Zara , Yazdany Jinoos , Schmajuk Gabriela 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveThe American College of Rheumatology's (ACR) 2020 guidelines for the management of gout recommend using a treat‐to‐target approach to lower serum urate (SU). Using the ACR's Rheumatology Informatics System for Effectiveness registry, we examined the use of a treat‐to‐target approach among gout patients receiving long‐term urate‐lowering therapy (ULT) and followed longitudinally by rheumatologists.MethodsIncluded patients had one or more diagnoses for gout in 2018–2019 and continuous use of ULT for ≥12 months. We assessed the proportions of patients with SU monitoring and, among those tested, who achieved SU <6.0 mg/dl during the measurement year. Multilevel logistic regression adjusting for sociodemographics, comorbidities, region, and health care utilization was used to determine factors associated with SU monitoring and achievement of target SU.ResultsA total of 9,560 were included. The mean ± SD age was 67.2 ± 12.7 years, 73.5% of patients were male, and 32.3% were non‐White. Fifty‐six percent of patients had at least 1 SU recorded during the measurement year; among patients with at least 1 SU recorded, 74% achieved the SU target. In multivariate analyses, non‐White patients were slightly less likely to be tested or achieve a target SU.ConclusionAmong gout patients receiving long‐term ULT followed longitudinally by rheumatologists, more than half had a documented SU, and among those tested, three‐quarters achieved the recommended SU target. Routine monitoring of SU is a first step toward improving quality of care for patients with gout.
Porphyrin‐Based Covalent Organic Framework for Imaging‐Guided Cancer Combinatorial Immuno‐Sonodynamic Therapy
Authors: Lu Zhixiang , Bai Shuang , Jiang Yonghe , Wu Shuaiying , Xu Dazhuang , Chen Yulun , Lan Yulu , An Yibo , Mao Jingsong , Liu Xuan , Liu Gang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe rational design of tumor microenvironment (TME)‐activated nanomedicine is driving a new direction in tumor immunology. Furthermore, the novel therapeutic mode of ultrasound‐triggered sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has been proven to specifically activate the immune response. Herein, a well‐defined covalent organic framework (COF) with sonosensitive properties is synthesized through experimental and theoretical verification, followed by the efficient loading of the toll‐like receptor agonist (Poly(I:C)) and in situ growth of paramagnetic transitional metallic oxide of manganese bioxide (MnO2). The MnO2‐Poly(I:C)@COF shell can reverse the reductive TME by consuming glutathione (GSH) to release Mn2+, simultaneously generating marked magnetic resonance imaging signals for real‐time guidance. Importantly, the MnO2 acts as an enzyme‐like nano‐catalyst to promote TME‐overexpressed hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and produce oxygen, facilitating SDT‐induced reactive oxygen species production, and inducing immunogenic cell death, thereby boosting immune engine and triggering abundant neoantigen exposure. With the powerful assistance of immunological agents Mn2+ and Poly(I:C), the triggered immune engine is amplified by refueling the engine (stepping on the accelerator) to reduce the immunosuppressive state. Overall, this study improves the synthesis of multifunctional COF and expands its application. The developed nano‐sonosensitizer system provides a paradigm to enhance SDT‐based high‐performance multifunctional sonosensitizers, and this SDT‐mediated strong tumor‐suppressive efficiency and activated immune effect represent a promising combinatorial therapeutic strategy for cancer therapy.
Natural Dual‐Crosslinking Bioadhesive Hydrogel for Corneal Regeneration in Large‐Size Defects
Authors: Zhao Long , Shi Zhen , Sun Xiuli , Yu Yaoyao , Wang Xin , Wang Hongwei , Li Tan , Zhang Hengrui , Zhang Xiaoyu , Wang Fuyan , Qi Xia , Cao Rui , Xie Lixin , Zhou Qingjun , Shi Weiyun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCorneal injectable hydrogels represent a promising alternative to alleviate donor shortage and simplify traditional surgeries. However, most hydrogels focus on repairing focal corneal defects (≤3.5 mm) and leave many clinical requirements unmet. Herein, a novel ion‐activated bioadhesive hydrogel (IonBAH) is designed and its long‐term performance of repairing large corneal defects (6 mm) is evaluated in rabbits for 6 months. The IonBAH is a dual‐network hydrogel composed of natural corneal extracellular matrix and peptide‐modified alginate, which enables its desirable transparency and biocompatibility, tunable mechanics, and robust adhesion. Moreover, the IonBAH maintains the secretory phenotype of quiescent keratocytes, while preventing their myofibroblastic differentiation in vitro. Upon application in situ, it rapidly seals the 6 mm corneal defect and forms normal curvature through the coverage of a contact lens impregnated with calcium ions. During the 6 months follow‐up, the IonBAH promotes rapid regeneration of corneal epithelium, stroma, and nerves with restored transparency, equivalent to the outcome of donor corneal transplantation. In addition, the suitability of IonBAH as an adhesive and patch for various clinical requirements are also evaluated with a pleasing outcome. Collectively, IonBAH may provide a clinically applicable scaffold for corneal surgeries, especially in large defect repair.
Establishing Self‐Dopant Design Principles from Structure–Function Relationships in Self‐n‐Doped Perylene Diimide Organic Semiconductors
Authors: Powell Daniel , Zhang Xueqiao , Nwachukwu Chideraa I. , Miller Edwin J. , Hansen Kameron R. , Flannery Laura , Ogle Jonathan , Berzansky Alex , Labram John G. , Roberts Andrew G. , Whittaker‐Brooks Luisa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSelf‐doping is a particular doping method that has been applied to a wide range of organic semiconductors. However, there is a lack of understanding regarding the relationship between dopant structure and function. A structurally diverse series of self‐n‐doped perylene diimides (PDIs) is investigated to study the impact of steric encumbrance, counterion selection, and dopant/PDI tether distance on functional parameters such as doping, stability, morphology, and charge‐carrier mobility. The studies show that self‐n‐doping is best enabled by the use of sterically encumbered ammoniums with short tethers and Lewis basic counterions. Additionally, water is found to inhibit doping, which concludes that thermal degradation is merely a phenomenological feature of certain dopants, and that residual solvent evaporation is the primary driver of thermally activated doping. In situ grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering studies show that sample annealing increases the π–π stacking distance and shrinks grain boundaries for improved long‐range ordering. These features are then correlated to contactless carrier‐mobility measurements with time‐resolved microwave conductivity before and after thermal annealing. The collective relationships between structural features and functionality are finally used to establish explicit self‐n‐dopant design principles for the future design of materials with improved functionality.
Polyaniline‐Based Nanostructure Interface for Signal‐to‐Noise Ratio Enhancement in Potentiometric Enzyme‐Free Biosensors
Authors: Nishitani Shoichi , Man Youyuan , Noguchi Taiga , Sakata Toshiya 
Published: August 2022

AbstractReduction of nonspecific signals (noise) in electrochemical biosensors is important for the realization of enzyme‐free, point‐of‐care (POC) diagnostic devices. In this study, a simple biosensor interface that simultaneously realizes analyte signal enhancement and noise reduction to increase signal‐to‐noise ratio in a field‐effect transistor‐based potentiometric biosensor is proposed. As a proof‐of‐concept, a phytic‐acid‐doped self‐functionalized polyaniline (pAni)‐based nanostructure is designed. It is shown that the incorporation of gold nanoparticles in the nanostructure increases the signal intensity in serotonin sensing. Moreover, the phenylboronic acid moiety in the pAni backbone and porous nanostructure of the pAni nanostructure reduces the interfering noise generated by catecholamines and human serum albumin. It is believed that this study will contribute to the realization of versatile and multiplexed POC diagnostic devices in the future.
Fabrication of Electronics by Electrohydrodynamic Jet Printing
Authors: Zhou Haihua , Song Yanlin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractElectrohydrodynamic jet (e‐jet) printing technology overcomes some limitations such as the viscosity and resolution of the traditional ink‐jet printing by breaking surface tension of the droplets with high voltage and the formation of Taylor cone. The technique is becoming more and more popular because it can be widely used in the fabrication of the conductive line of electronics, electrode, transistor, sensor, and other electronics as microelectrode, microlen, and heater. This review provides insight into the effect of the influence factors such as voltage, speed, nozzle, jetting ink characteristics, and the representative conductive materials of the ink as metal nanoparticles (NPs) and carbon materials, or organic conductive polymers on the fabrication of the different electronics by the e‐jet printing technology. Specially, the characteristics of different resultant electronics are compared and the possible mechanisms are analyzed. Finally, the challenge and development trend of the e‐jet printing technology are discussed, which will shed a light on the fabrication of the next‐generation flexible electronics with better performance.