bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time-dependent, long-term hydrodynamic simulations of the inner protoplanetary disk
Authors: Gehrig L. , Steiner D. , Vorobyov E. I. , Güdel M. 
Published: August 2022

Context. The spin evolution of young protostars, surrounded by an accretion disk, still poses problems for observations and theoretical models. In recent studies, the importance of the magnetic star-disk interaction for stellar spin evolution has been elaborated. The accretion disk in these studies, however, is only represented by a simplified model and important features are not considered.
Aims. A more realistic representation of the accretion disk is indispensable for a better understanding of the star-disk interaction and the stellar spin evolution. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of a hydrodynamic disk evolution on the stellar rotational period and vice versa during the accretion phase.
Methods. We combined the implicit hydrodynamic TAPIR disk code with a stellar spin evolution model. The influence of stellar magnetic fields on the disk dynamics, the radial position of the inner disk radius, as well as the influence of stellar rotation on the disk were calculated self-consistently.
Results. Within a defined parameter space, we can reproduce the majority of fast and slow rotating stars observed in young stellar clusters. Additionally, the back reaction of different stellar spin evolutionary tracks on the disk can be analyzed. Disks around fast rotating stars are located closer to the star. Consequently, the disk midplane temperature in the innermost disk region increases significantly compared to slow rotating stars. We can show the effects of stellar rotation on episodic accretion outbursts. The higher temperatures of disks around fast rotating stars result in more outbursts and a longer outbursting period over the disk lifetime.
Conclusions. The combination of a long-term hydrodynamic disk and a stellar spin evolution model allows the inclusion of previously unconsidered effects such as the back-reaction of stellar rotation on the long-term disk evolution and the occurrence of accretion outbursts. However, a wider parameter range has to be studied to further investigate these effects. Additionally, a possible interaction between our model and a more realistic stellar evolution code (e.g., the MESA code) can improve our understanding of the stellar spin evolution and its effects on the pre-main sequence star.
Medizinisch-berufliche Orientierung (MBOR) in der Psychosomatischen
Rehabilitation im Vergleich zu somatischen Indikationen
Authors: Bürger Wolfgang , Nübling Rüdiger , Streibelt Marco 
Published: August 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Bislang liegen nur wenige Daten über die
Qualität der MBOR-Versorgung in der Routine, auch aus Nutzerperspektive
vor. Am besten ist die Datenlage für die Orthopädische
Rehabilitation. Für die Psychosomatische Rehabilitation ist aufgrund
langer Arbeitsunfähigkeitszeiten und häufiger
Frühberentungen ein besonderer Bedarf an MBOR bekannt. Unklar ist, wie
zielgenau und in welchem Umfang Leistungen einer MBOR in der Routineversorgung
erbracht werden.
Methodik Über die DRV Bund wurde 2019 eine repräsentative,
nach Indikationsbereichen geschichtete Stichprobe (N=34887)
berufstätiger Versicherter bis 65 Jahren ein halbes Jahr nach ihrer
Rehabilitation mit dem Selbstbeurteilungsinstrument MBOR-R befragt.
Ergänzend wurden Standarddaten des Rehabilitationsträgers (RSD)
miterhoben. Versicherte wurden im Rahmen der Katamnese zu ihrer Rückkehr
an den Arbeitsplatz befragt.
Ergebnisse Die Teilnahmequote an der Befragung liegt bei 29%,
vollständige Befragungs- und RSD-Daten liegen nach Ausschluss von
Suchtrehabilitationen und AHB-Verfahren von insgesamt 6128 Versicherten, davon
N=1460 nach Psychosomatischer Rehabilitation vor. Für diese
zeigen sich im Indikationsvergleich mit 37% der Rehabilitanden die mit
Abstand höchsten Bedarfsquoten für MBOR. Die MBOR-Versorgung ist
in der Psychosomatischen Rehabilitation noch am besten ausgebaut und am ehesten
zielgenau, aber noch deutlich entfernt von den von der Rentenversicherung
geforderten Standards. Mehr als 50% der Rehabilitanden bewerten ihr
erwerbsbezogenes Behandlungsangebot als zu gering, selbst nach einer MBOR. Diese
subjektiven Rehabilitandenbewertungen erweisen sich neben den Bedarfsindikatoren
und der Durchführung einer MBOR für die Prognose der
Rückkehr ins Erwerbsleben als relevanter Faktor im Unterschied zu den
dokumentierten KTL-Leistungen.
Diskussion Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, auch im Bereich der Psychosomatischen
Rehabilitation zukünftig verstärkte Anstrengungen zu entwickeln,
um in der Routineversorgung MBOR-Basisangebote für alle Rehabilitanden
und Kern- und Spezialangebote zielgenau für Rehabilitanden mit
besonderen beruflichen Problemlagen (BBPL) anzubieten und auszubauen. Umfang und
Angebotsgestaltung von MBOR-Maßnahmen sollten dabei auch in Hinblick auf
die Nutzerperspektive qualitätsoptimiert werden, um möglichst
große Effekte erzielen zu können.Limitationen der Ergebnisse ergeben sich aus der Beschränkung auf
Versicherte der Rentenversicherung Bund, aus eingeschränkten
Teilnahmequoten, Einschränkungen der Interpretierbarkeit der
Therapiedokumentationen und aufgrund des Studiendesigns mit einer
Ein-Punkt-Messung und erinnerten Prä-Werten.
Significance of Fluorescent Spectroscopy in Screening Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Oral Cancer by Characterization of Salivary DNA Using Ethidium Bromide—A Comparative Study
Authors: Jayachnadran Sadaksharam , Prakasarao Aruna , Ramamoorthy Sangeetha , Manoharan Yuvaraj 
Published: August 2022

Background Optical diagnosis is one of the upcoming methods in screening and diagnosing oral cancer at the earlier stage. Currently, DNA-based diagnosis is used along with light-based imaging methods to diagnose oral cancer rapidly.
Aim The aim of this study was to discriminate oral cancer and oral potentially malignant disorders from normal patient with fluorescence spectroscopic characterization of salivary DNA using ethidium bromide dye.
Materials and Methods A total of 40 patients with average age of 20 to 60 years in both the genders were selected and divided into three groups. Group A included clinically proven cases of oral cancer, group B1 included clinically diagnosed cases of leukoplakia, group B2 included clinically diagnosed cases of oral submucous fibrosis, and group C included controls. Salivary DNA fluorescence spectrum obtained after adding ethidium bromide was analyzed using FluoroLog spectrophotometer at 480 nm wavelength.
Results The discriminant analysis of fluorescent emission of salivary DNA shows predictive accuracy of 90% between group C and group A, 95% between group C and group B1, and 65% observed between group C and group B2.
Conclusion From this study, screening of oral cancer can be done at the earliest with the help of fluorescence spectroscopic characterization of salivary DNA. This method can be done rapidly and noninvasively.
Research Progress on Classical Prescriptions in Treating Mammary Glands Hyperplasia
Authors: Jiang Xin , Wang Zhenliang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAccording to Zhongjing Zhang's academic thought, gynecological diseases mostly result from deficiency, accumulated cold, and qi stagnation, so the treatment of gynecological miscellaneous diseases should take qi and blood as the general principle, and focus on the liver. The pathogenesis of mammary glands hyperplasia (MGH) is liver and kidney deficiency, disharmony of the thoroughfare vessel and the conception vessel, the causes of which are emotional imbalance, liver qi depression, and failure of transportation due to spleen deficiency. The superficial causes include qi stagnation, phlegm coagulation, and blood stasis, which are mainly related to the liver, spleen, kidney, the thoroughfare vessel, and the conception vessel. In clinical treatment of MGH, Xiaochaihu Decoction or Sini Powder can be used for qi stagnation syndrome, Xiao Xianxiong Decoction for phlegm coagulation syndrome, Guizhi Fuling Pill or Dahuang Zhechong Pill for spleen deficiency syndrome, and Wenjing Decoction for the deficiency-cold syndrome.
Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) and Its Correlation with Induction Outcomes
Authors: Loganathan Ajeitha , Bharadwaj Rishab , Srinivasan Arathi , Scott Julius Xavier 
Published: August 2022

Aims The aim was to study cytogenetics and molecular genetic profile in pediatric B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and correlate it with induction outcomes.
Subjects and Methods A retrospective study of cytogenetics and molecular genetics of 98 children with B-cell ALL from January 2013 to May 2018 was done. Cytogenetics and molecular genetics were done in the bone marrow using multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and G-banded karyotyping, respectively. Minimal residual disease (MRD) assessment was done at the end of induction by flowcytometry.
Results Of the 98 children, 83 (84.6%) had evaluable cytogenetics, with 11 (13.25%) being abnormal karyotypes. Of the 11 abnormal karyotypes, seven children (8.4%) had hyperdiploidy, one had hypodiploidy, and three had miscellaneous findings. In molecular genetics, TEL–AML1 (ETV6/RUNX1)[t(12;21)] was the most common fusion gene abnormality (12.2% [12/98]), followed by E2A–PBX1 [t(1;19)] (5%), BCR/ABL1 [t(9;22)] (3%), and MLL–AF4 [t(4;11)] (1%). All the 98 children attained morphologic remission at the end of induction. All children with hyperdiploidy (7/7) attained remission and MRD negativity, but one expired during maintenance chemotherapy of disseminated tuberculosis. The child with hypodiploidy was MRD-positive. Three (25%) children with t (12;21) were MRD-positive. All children with Ph + ALL, t(1:19), and t(4;11) were MRD-negative. Fifty-two children had no detected abnormalities, six of whom had MRD positivity (11.5%).
Conclusion Cytogenetic and molecular genetic subgrouping prognosticates ALL outcomes. Although 25% of TEL–AML + children had MRD positivity, larger studies are required to validate the same. End-of-induction MRD outcomes did not correlate with chromosomal aberrations.
MRI Features of Synchronous Masses in Known Breast Cancer Patients in Predicting Benign Versus Malignant Lesions: A Case Based Review at Tertiary Care Cancer Hospital
Authors: Rehman Sara , Rehman Bushra , Rehman Anis ur , Din Islah Ud , Iftikhar Aamer , Javaid Ainy , Parvaiz Muhammad Asad 
Published: August 2022

Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in classifying incidental satellite masses in biopsy-proven breast cancer patients as benign or malignant masses and assessing its impact on surgical management of these patients. We also analyzed the incidence of MRI-detected lesions, which were thereafter assessed with second look ultrasound (US).
Materials and Methods A retrospective study was performed on breast cancer patients presenting from August 01, 2016 to July 31, 2019, with satellite masses seen on base line MRI. Satellite masses were classified as benign and malignant based on MRI features of shape, margin, T2-weighted imaging signals, internal enhancement pattern, enhancement kinetic curves, and diffusion restriction. This was compared with results of histopathological examination. The number of MRI-detected lesions, location of the satellite mass, and type of surgery were also documented.
Results Out of 400 breast cancer patients undergoing MRI breast, 115 patients had multiple masses. Histopathological diagnosis was available for 73 patients; and a total of 93 satellite masses were evaluated. There was evidence of additional masses on second look ultrasound in 21 patients. Of 72 masses classified as malignant on MRI, 58 showed malignant pathological outcome; while out of 21 masses characterized as benign on MRI, 18 turned out to be benign on histopathology. A statistically significant association was found between MRI features and pathological outcome of satellite masses (p = 0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and accuracy were 95%, 56%, 80.56%, 85.7% and 81.7%, respectively. Based on these findings, modified radical mastectomy (MRM)/mastectomy was done for 42 patients, 5 patients underwent lumpectomy limited to a single tumor, extended resection done for 14 patients, 5 underwent bilateral breast conservation surgery (BCS), BCS for contralateral breast done for 4 patients undergoing ipsilateral MRM/mastectomy, and bilateral MRM/mastectomies were performed for 2 patients. One patient was lost to follow up.
Conclusion Breast MRI is the most sensitive modality for the assessment of breast cancer and plays an essential role in the detection of additional tumor foci. These findings can modify the surgical approach in these patients. However, considering the low specificity, biopsy of satellite masses is imperative to determine the most appropriate surgical plan.
Outcomes of a Five-Year Formal Ophthalmology Residency Mentorship Program
Authors: Yang Sen , Glass Sarah T , Clements John L , Reznick Leah G , Faridi Ambar 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective This article describes a formal ophthalmology residency mentorship program, identifies its strengths and weaknesses over 5 years of implementation, and proposes strategies to improve qualitative outcomes of the mentorship program.
Design Cross-sectional anonymous online survey.
Subjects All current and former mentees and mentors at the Casey Eye Institute (CEI) residency program from 2016 to 2021.
Methods All eligible participants were contacted via email to complete a survey to describe and analyze their experiences with the CEI's formal residency mentorship program.
Results Of the 65 surveyed participants, 82% preferred in-person meetings and met up from 2 to 3 times (44%) to 4 to 6 times (38.5%) annually at 15 minutes to 1 hour (48%) or 1 to 2 hours (42%) duration. Sixty-two percent of meetings were initiated by mentors, 8% by mentees, and 32% shared responsibilities equally. Participants also identified the three most important qualities for successful mentor-mentee relationship as personality (33.6%), communication styles (29.2%), and extracurricular interests/hobbies (16.8%). Mentees valued career advising, networking, and wellness support over academic and research mentorship. Subjective outcomes showed 25% of the mentee and 43% of the mentors agreed the mentorship program was a valuable experience. Comparably, 14% of the mentees and 38% of the mentors prioritized the relationship. There was a strong correlation between participants who prioritized the relationship and acknowledged it as a valuable experience (p < 0.01). Eighteen percent of the mentees and 43% of the mentors found the relationship effective and met their expectations. Twenty-one percent of the mentees and 38% of the mentors believed they had the tools and skills necessary to be effective in their respective roles.
Conclusion Our survey identified that weaknesses of the mentorship program include ineffective communications, inadequate preparation in their respective roles, and lack of priority focus on the relationship. We propose strategies to strengthen our program through creating workshops to clarify roles and responsibilities, emphasizing accountability with a contract statement, and implementing a new matching algorithm to customize participants' experience. Additional studies from other residencies with formal mentorship programs are warranted to identify, strategize, and foster high-quality mentorship.
The politics and imaginary of ‘autonomous vehicles’: a participatory journey
Authors: Van Wynsberghe Axelle , Guimarães Pereira Ângela 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) pilot project set out to explore the alternative mobility imaginaries of participants. These imaginaries challenged the automated vision of the future presented by vehicle and technology companies. This paper takes a post-normal science and digital anthropology approach to the question of automated technology and the role that citizens have in shaping mobility future(s). Through narrative analysis, interviews with stakeholders, and Futures Making Ateliers, this citizen engagement journey deconstructs the technological promises of CAVs, as well as their plausibility and desirability from the point of view of the participants of the participatory journey. Our findings suggest that the technology is solving a different problem than the mobility problem as articulated in policy documents. By investigating the matters of concern of participants, the problem of mobility was redefined in their own terms, and alternative futures were explored. We use the concept of MacGuffin as means to explore the wider relevance of CAVs in mobility futures.
Nanoscale color control of perovskite solar cells using Fano resonances of aluminum arsenide nanoarrays
Authors: Zhang Jie , Zhang Cheng , Wang Yanping , Zhang Yinan , Sun Mingyu , Chen Xi , Gu Min 
Published: August 2022

Colorful perovskite solar cells have been widely explored in building-integrated photovoltaics for esthetic requirements. However, a principle to control both light reflection peak wavelengths and widths on the nanoscale has not been carried out, which is critical to realize pure colors controllably, thus impeding large-scale application severely. In this paper, we presented a simulation pathway for the nanoscale color control through Fano resonances interaction in aluminum arsenide nanocylinder clusters, which are embedded in the glass above indium tin oxide layers of perovskite solar cells. The Fano resonances are controlled through the adjustment of periods, diameters, and heights of the aluminum arsenide nanocylinder clusters, and thus, the solar cells exhibit extremely narrow reflection peaks. The full widths at half-maximum are measured from 8 to 15 nm, and the tuning resolution of the reflection peak position can reach 1 nm only through the adjustment of the nanocylinder heights. Compared to a blank solar cell, slight optical absorption reductions of 3.41%, 6.31%, and 6.43% are demonstrated in blue, green, and red colored Fano structure integrated perovskite solar cells, respectively. We have also verified that the solar cell’s colors are independent of the incident light angles, satisfying the requirement of building decoration. The results pave a promising strategy with the potential applicability of colorful perovskite solar cells in building-integrated photovoltaics.
Blocking CHOP-dependent TXNIP shuttling to mitochondria attenuates albuminuria and mitigates kidney injury in nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Park Sun-Ji , Kim Yeawon , Li Chuang , Suh Junwoo , Sivapackiam Jothilingam , Goncalves Tassia M. , Jarad George , Zhao Guoyan , Urano Fumihiko , Sharma Vijay , Chen Ying Maggie 
Published: August 2022

Albuminuria is a hallmark of glomerular disease of various etiologies. It is not only a symptom of glomerular disease but also a cause leading to glomerulosclerosis, interstitial fibrosis, and eventually, a decline in kidney function. The molecular mechanism underlying albuminuria-induced kidney injury remains poorly defined. In our genetic model of nephrotic syndrome (NS), we have identified CHOP (C/EBP homologous protein)-TXNIP (thioredoxin-interacting protein) as critical molecular linkers between albuminuria-induced ER dysfunction and mitochondria dyshomeostasis. TXNIP is a ubiquitously expressed redox protein that binds to and inhibits antioxidant enzyme, cytosolic thioredoxin 1 (Trx1), and mitochondrial Trx2. However, very little is known about the regulation and function of TXNIP in NS. By utilizing
Chop
−/−
and
Txnip
−/−
mice as well as
68
Ga-Galuminox, our molecular imaging probe for detection of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vivo, we demonstrate that CHOP up-regulation induced by albuminuria drives TXNIP shuttling from nucleus to mitochondria, where it is required for the induction of mitochondrial ROS. The increased ROS accumulation in mitochondria oxidizes Trx2, thus liberating TXNIP to associate with mitochondrial nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) to activate inflammasome, as well as releasing mitochondrial apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) to induce mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. Importantly, inhibition of TXNIP translocation and mitochondrial ROS overproduction by CHOP deletion suppresses NLRP3 inflammasome activation and p-ASK1–dependent mitochondria apoptosis in NS. Thus, targeting TXNIP represents a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of NS.
Maternal IL-33 critically regulates tissue remodeling and type 2 immune responses in the uterus during early pregnancy in mice
Authors: Valero-Pacheco Nuriban , Tang Eric K. , Massri Noura , Loia Rachel , Chemerinski Anat , Wu Tracy , Begum Salma , El-Naccache Darine W. , Gause William C. , Arora Ripla , Douglas Nataki C. , Beaulieu Aimee M. 
Published: August 2022

The pregnant uterus is an immunologically rich organ, with dynamic changes in the inflammatory milieu and immune cell function underlying key stages of pregnancy. Recent studies have implicated dysregulated expression of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) family cytokine, IL-33, and its receptor, ST2, in poor pregnancy outcomes in women, including recurrent pregnancy loss, preeclampsia, and preterm labor. How IL-33 supports pregnancy progression in vivo is not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that maternal IL-33 signaling critically regulates uterine tissue remodeling and immune cell function during early pregnancy in mice. IL-33–deficient dams exhibit defects in implantation chamber formation and decidualization, and abnormal vascular remodeling during early pregnancy. These defects coincide with delays in early embryogenesis, increased resorptions, and impaired fetal and placental growth by late pregnancy. At a cellular level, myometrial fibroblasts, and decidual endothelial and stromal cells, are the main IL-33+cell types in the uterus during decidualization and early placentation, whereas ST2 is expressed by uterine immune populations associated with type 2 immune responses, including ILC2s, Tregs, CD4+T cells, M2- and cDC2-like myeloid cells, and mast cells. Early pregnancy defects in IL-33–deficient dams are associated with impaired type 2 cytokine responses by uterine lymphocytes and fewer Arginase-1+macrophages in the uterine microenvironment. Collectively, our data highlight a regulatory network, involving crosstalk between IL-33–producing nonimmune cells and ST2+immune cells at the maternal–fetal interface, that critically supports pregnancy progression in mice. This work has the potential to advance our understanding of how IL-33 signaling may support optimal pregnancy outcomes in women.
Control of protein activity by photoinduced spin polarized charge reorganization
Authors: Ghosh Shirsendu , Banerjee-Ghosh Koyel , Levy Dorit , Scheerer David , Riven Inbal , Shin Jieun , Gray Harry B. , Naaman Ron , Haran Gilad 
Published: August 2022

Considerable electric fields are present within living cells, and the role of bioelectricity has been well established at the organismal level. Yet much remains to be learned about electric-field effects on protein function. Here, we use phototriggered charge injection from a site-specifically attached ruthenium photosensitizer to directly demonstrate the effect of dynamic charge redistribution within a protein. We find that binding of an antibody to phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) is increased twofold under illumination. Remarkably, illumination is found to suppress the enzymatic activity of PGK by a factor as large as three. These responses are sensitive to the photosensitizer position on the protein. Surprisingly, left (but not right) circularly polarized light elicits these responses, indicating that the electrons involved in the observed dynamics are spin polarized, due to spin filtration by protein chiral structures. Our results directly establish the contribution of electrical polarization as an allosteric signal within proteins. Future experiments with phototriggered charge injection will allow delineation of charge rearrangement pathways within proteins and will further depict their effects on protein function.