bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Value of Information analysis for pandemic response: intensive care unit preparedness at the onset of COVID-19
Authors: Eze Peter , Geard Nicholas , Baker Christopher M. , Campbell Patricia T. , Chades Iadine 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: During the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, there was considerable uncertainty surrounding epidemiological and clinical aspects of SARS-CoV-2. Governments around the world, starting from varying levels of pandemic preparedness, needed to make decisions about how to respond to SARS-CoV-2 with only limited information about transmission rates, disease severity and the likely effectiveness of public health interventions. In the face of such uncertainties, formal approaches to quantifying the value of information can help decision makers to prioritise research efforts. Methods: In this study we use Value of Information (VoI) analysis to quantify the likely benefit associated with reducing three key uncertainties present in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic: the basic reproduction number (R0), case severity (CS ), and the relative infectiousness of children (CI) compared to adults. The specific decision problem we consider is the optimal level of investment in intensive care unit (ICU) beds. Our analysis incorporates mathematical models of disease transmission and clinical pathways in order to estimate ICU demand and disease outcomes across a range of scenarios. Results: We found that VoI analysis enabled us to estimate the relative benefit of resolving different uncertainties about epidemiological and clinical aspects of SARS-CoV-2. Given the initial beliefs of an expert, obtaining more information about case severity had the highest parameter value of information, followed by the basic reproduction number R0. Resolving uncertainty about the relative infectiousness of children did not affect the decision about the number of ICU beds to be purchased for any COVID-19 outbreak scenarios defined by these three parameters. Conclusion: For the scenarios where the value of information was high enough to justify monitoring, if CS and R0 are known, management actions will not change when we learn about child infectiousness. VoI is an important tool for understanding the importance of each disease factor during outbreak preparedness and can help to prioritise the allocation of resources for relevant information.
Transcription regulation of human phospholipid scramblase 1 (hPLSCR1) by a Sry related high mobility group transcription factor, S-SOX5
Authors: Jaiwal Anjali , Gummadi Sathyanarayana Naidu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objectives Human phospholipid scramblase 1 (hPLSCR1) is a multifunctional protein so it is vital to understand the regulation of its expression and transcription factors play critical role in regulating any gene.Results The transcription factor (TF) prediction tool ConSite identified one S-SOX5 binding site on the promoter region of hPLSCR1. Luciferase assays determined the increase in hPLSCR1 promoter activity with the increase in S-SOX5 concentration in a dose dependent manner. The deletion and the site-directed mutagenesis constructs exhibited a decrease in the hPLSCR1 promoter activity as compared to control. Also, transcriptional regulation of hPLSCR1 by S-SOX5 was checked by western blotting using S-SOX5 and hPLSCR1 specific antibodies. Further, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay confirmed the in-vivo interaction of S-SOX5 with hPLSCR1 promoter. Conclusions The expression of hPLSCR1 in HEK293T cells was shown to be upregulated by one S-SOX5 binding site present on the hPLSCR1 promoter suggesting that S-SOX5 as the potent regulator of hPLSCR1 expression.
Luks-PV induce HOXA9 degradation through autophagy in Acute myeloid leukemia with HOXA9 overexpression
Authors: Qiang Ping , Fang Chao , Song Kaidi , Shi Lan , Dai Yuanyuan , Chang Wenjiao , Xu Liangfei , Wang Xingbing , Liu Xin , Liu Huilan , Sun Zimin , Ma Xiaoling 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Our previous studies have demonstrated that Luks-PV have good anti-leukemia ability effects and could possibly be a promising therapy for adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Aberrant over-expression of HOXA9 is a prominent feature of AML driven by multiple oncogenes, and therapeutic degrading of HOXA9 may be an effective treatment strategy in AML. This paper focused on the Luks-PV-regulating autophagy pathway, aiming to investigate the role of Luks-PV in mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL)-rearranged AML. Methods: The data of leukemia patients were downloaded from the gene expression profiling of TCGA datasets. Taking primary AML and THP-1 cells as the model system in vitro, Luks-PV-inhibited cell proliferation was determined by CCK‐8 and flow cytometry assays. The role of Luks-PV in autophagy regulation was analyzed using immunoblotting, transfection and immunofluorescence.Results: HOXA9 was over-expressed and associated with a poor prognosis in AML patients bearing MLL rearrangement. After the application of pharmacologic inhibitors of autophagy, Luks-PV induced cytotoxic autophagy in AML cells, as suggested by biochemical and microscopy results. HOXA9 molecules were detectable within autophagosomes after Luks-PV treatment, indicating that autophagy induction accounted for the degradation of HOXA9. Moreover, Luks-PV-induced HOXA9 downregulation inhibited AML cell proliferation, suggesting that HOXA9 could be degraded through Luks-PV-induced autophagy.Conclusion: Luks-PV suppresses AML cell proliferation by inducing HOXA9 degradation.
A robust specialized integration scheme of the projectile motion with quadratic air resistance
Authors: Landon Marc 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A robust and specialized time-integration scheme is proposed for the problem of the motion of a body under a resistive force,acting in the magnitude of the squared velocity of the body. Whereas standard time-integration schemes are well suitable with small time increments, they diverge with large time increments. The specialized time-integration scheme is keeping a good behavior with both small and large time increments.From the analysis of asymptotic behaviors, both near the initial state and far from the initial state, and by reducing the motion of motion into a scalar equation, we proposed an approximation of the solution, that keeps a good behavior both near the initial state and far from the initial state.Finally, we used the obtained approximation to implement a time-integration scheme, that won't diverge on large time increments.We compared the obtained time-integration schemes with other standard time-integration schemes.
Optimizing the technique of anterior capsulorhexis in anterior capsule fibrosis
Authors: Nikolashin S. I. , Pirogova E. S. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose. To optimize the technique for femtolaser-assisted anterior capsulorhexis in patients with anterior capsular fibrosis. Material and methods. All patients were divided into two groups: group I included 12 patients with central and peripheral anterior capsule fibrosis who underwent anterior circular capsulorhexis usingfemtolaser LensX (Alcon, USA) with laser energy 10 and 15 J . Group I I included 11 patients with central and peripheral anterior capsule fibrosis, who underwent manual capsulorhexis. Results. In group II, surgical complications oc­curred in 3 cases (27.3 %), group I was uneventful. In group I, BCVA increased to 0.80 (0.70; 0.85) over the 6 months’follow-up, in group II, it increased to 0.70 (0.60; 0.70) In group I, IOP was 16.4 (15.0; 17.4) mm Hg, in group IIit was 16.2 (13.8; 18.7) mm Hg. Conclusion. Femtolaser-assisted anterior capsulorhexis in patients with anterior capsule fibrosis allowed reducing the number of operative complications by 27 % in comparison with manual capsulorhexis creation. Since even the maximum power values of the femtolaser system does not allow cutting the fibrotic capsule, we can make use of smaller power values, in particular 10 pJ, to create the anterior capsulorhexis in the area of unaffected or slightly fibrotic anterior capsule and cut the fibrotic part of the anterior capsule by collet scissors.
Pupillary reflex disorders in strabismic amblyopia with concomitant alternating squint
Authors: Berdibaeva A. I. , Usenko V. A. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose. To study pupillary reflexes (pupillary cycle time and pupillary reaction — V) in patients with strabismic amblyopia and concomitant alternating strabismus. Material and methods. 58 children (116 eyes) with concomitant alternating strabismus and strabismic amblyopia and 10 healthy children (20 eyes) with emmetropia (the control group) were examined, along with general testing, for pupillary reflexes according to S. Miller and H. Thompson’s method before and after color pulse stimulation, Sidorenko’s vacuum spectacles, and Focus and Relax programs. Results. All children with hyperopic astigmatism and high hyperopia showed a significant (p < 0.001) decrease in pupillary cycle time after treatment, on average, from 1317,0 ± 0.6 to 900,00 ± 2.08 m/s and an increase in the pupillary reaction rate, on average, from 1.7 ± 0.17 to 2.8 ± 0.1 mm/s. Сhildren with severe amblyopia showed more pronounced pupillary reflex disorders: pupillary cycle time was 1450,0 ± 1.0 m/s and V = 1.3 ± 0.17mm/s before treatment, whilst after treatment, significant improvements were achieved:pupillary cycle time fell to 1000,0 ± 1.3 mm/s, while V grew to 2.20 ± 0.15 mm/s (p < 0.01). Conclusion. The revealed disorders of pupillary reflexes in children with strabismic amblyopia indicate the pathology of the muscle part of the pupil-accommodative system and require specific treatment. Material and methods. 58 children (116 eyes) with concomitant alternating strabismus and strabismic amblyopia and 10 healthy children (20 eyes) with emmetropia (the control group) were examined, along with general testing, for pupillary reflexes according to S. Miller and H. Thompson’s method before and after color pulse stimulation, Sidorenko’s vacuum spectacles, and Focus and Relax programs. Results. All children with hyperopic astigmatism and high hyperopia showed a significant (p < 0.001) decrease in pupillary cycle time after treatment, on average, from 1317,0 ± 0.6 to 900,00 ± 2.08 m/s and an increase in the pupillary reaction rate, on average, from 1.7 ± 0.17 to 2.8 ± 0.1 mm/s. Сhildren with severe aamblyopia showed more pronounced pupillary reflex disorders: pupillary cycle time was 1450,0 ± 1.0 m/s and V = 1.3 ± 0.17mm/s before treatment, whilst after treatment, significant improvements were achieved:pupillary cycle time fell to 1000,0 ± 1.3 mm/s, while V grew to 2.20 ± 0.15 mm/s (p < 0.01). Conclusion. The revealed disorders of pupillary reflexes in children with strabismic amblyopia indicate the pathology of the muscle part of the pupil-accommodative system and require specific treatment.
Ocular manifestations in acute COVID-19 patients with severe or extremely severe course of disease
Authors: Savranova T. N. , Rozukulov V. U. , Yusupov A. F. , Saidzhanov S. S. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose: to study ocular manifestations in acute COVID-19 patients with severe or extremely severe course. Materials and methods. 112 patients with severe and extremely severe course ofCOVID-19 treated in the 2nd Zangiota specialized clinic for Covid patients underwent an ophthalmic examination. Results. Hyperemia of palpebral edges was found in 20 patients (17.8 %), tarsal conjunctiva hyperemia was found in 54 patients (48.2 %), whereas 11 patients (9.8 %) had symptoms of eyeball conjunctiva hyperemia. 27 patients (24.1 %), complained of pain in the projection of external muscle tendons attachments during eyeball palpitation. Retinal angiopathy of varied genesis were found in 57 patients (50.9 %). Blurred edges of the optic nerve and smoothness of physiological excavation were observed in 11 patients (9.8 %). We were able to trace the medical history of 25patents over two months after the discharge. Ofthese, 17 patients (68 %) visited an ophthalmologist and were diagnosed with dry eye syndrome, and 1 patient was diagnosed with uveitis. 4 patients complained of blurred vision, disorientation and memory loss. 1 patient was found to have episcleritis. 3 patients (12%) complained of a dramatic decrease of vision in one eye, ptosis, swollen eyelid and exophthalmos. They were diagnosed with thrombosis of the cavernous sinus and superior orbital fissure syndrome. Conclusion. The main ophthalmic symptoms of the anterior segment of the eye in patients in the acute stage of COVID-19 with severe and extremely severe courses were manifestations of dry eye syndrome, short-term manifestation of tenonitis of oculomotor muscles. In 50 % cases, angiopathy of the anterior and the posterior segments of the eyeball were observed. Severe manifestations of general coagulopathy and angiopathy developing superior orbitalfissure syndrome were observed in 12 patients within weeks after the patient's dischargefrom the clinic.
Monitoring of water resources and vegetation in the Helmand Basin using satellite image time-series and border hydro-political challenges
Authors: Afzali Rasoul , Kamran Dastjerdi Hassan , Zibasaz Khoshmanzareh Sajad , Zaki Yashar , Yazdanpanah Dero Qiuomars 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Helmand is the most important river in Afghanistan and an indispensable water resource for southeastern Iran. Recent water depletions in the river, however, have caused environmental issues in the region with further repercussions on long-term hydro-political debates between the countries of Iran and Afghanistan. The primary reasons underlying depletions in the river's water levels remain, however, unclear, and are the main objective of this study.Therefore, this study proposes a hydro-political analysis of the Helmand Basin by analyzing precipitation through Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) data, Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) land data for groundwater analysis, and Landsat 5 and 8 Images from 1991 to 2020 to classify vegetation and waterbodies using a Support Vector Machine classifier and identify the prime cause of downstream water depletions. Despite severe droughts, the preliminary findings indicated increases in rainfall, groundwater sources, water bodies, and vegetation in the river upstream, which conveys the inconsequential share of droughts to the overall water shortage as opposed to human interventions and water usage which have also shown to increase in the river upstream. Further findings suggest that the severe downstream water depletions are primarily on account of upstream water consumptions that have triggered environmental degradations and are a threat to human habitations.
Utilization of SUMO Tag and Freeze-thawing Method for a High-level
Expression and Solubilization of Recombinant Human Angiotensinconverting
Enzyme 2 (rhACE2) Protein in E. coli
Authors: Mohammadi Mozafar , Taheri Ramezan Ali , Bemani Peyman , Hashemzadeh Mohammad Sadegh , Farnoosh Gholamreza , Amini Razieh 
Published: July 2022

Background:
SARS-CoV-2 uses angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a receptor
for entering the host cells. Production of the ACE2 molecule is important because of its potency to
use as a blocker and therapeutic agent against SARS-CoV-2 for the prophylaxis and treatment of
COVID-19.

Objective:
The recombinant human ACE2 (rhACE2) is prone to form an inclusion body when
expressed in the bacterial cells.

Method:
We used the SUMO tag fused to the rhACE2 molecule to increase the expression level
and solubility of the fusion protein. Afterward, the freeze-thawing method plus 2 M urea solubilized
aggregated proteins. Subsequently, the affinity of solubilized rhACE2 to the receptor binding
domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike was assayed by ELISA and SPR methods.

Results:
SUMO protein succeeded in increasing the expression level but not solubilization of the
fusion protein. The freeze-thawing method could solubilize and recover the aggregated fusion
proteins significantly. Also, ELISA and SPR assays confirmed the interaction between solubilized
rhACE2 and RBD with high affinity.

Conclusion:
The SUMO tag and freeze-thawing method would be utilized for high-level expression
and solubilization of recombinant rhACE2 protein.
Effect Of Nano-Bioactive Glass On Flexural Strength And Antimicrobial Activity Of Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Cement Containing 58S Nano-Bioactive Glass
Authors: Taheri Zahra , Rezvani Mohammad Bagher , Bassir Mahshid Mohammadi , Bakhtiari Ronak , Norouzi Mehdi , Valizadeh Sara , Ghomsheh Elham Tabatabai 
Published: July 2022

Introduction:
Bioactive glass (BAG) is increasingly used in dentistry, aiming to provide superior mechanical properties, optimal chemical stability, and favorable antimicrobial activity in the oral environment. This study aimed to measure the flexural strength (FS) and antimicrobial activity of resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI) cement containing 58S nano-BAG.

Materials and Methods:
In this in vitro study, 0wt (Weight) %, 10wt%, 20wt%, and 30wt% 58S nano-BAG particles were added to RMGI powder in groups 1 to 4, respectively (n=10). Forty specimens were fabricated in metal molds (2 x 25 x 2 mm), and their FS was measured by using a three-point bending test at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The antibacterial activity of the materials against Streptococcus mutants was assessed by the disc diffusion test. In addition to the abovementioned experimental groups, one control group (n=10) containing 100% BAG was also considered. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test.

Results:
The mean (± standard deviation) FS was 38.71±8.84, 43.61±17.34, 45.62±15.89, and 54.71±14.25 MPa in groups 1 to 4, respectively. No significant difference was noted in FS among the groups (P=0.06). A significant difference was found in the diameter of the growth inhibition zone among the groups (P<0.05), and group 4 containing 30wt% BAG showed minimal bacterial growth.

Conclusion:
The addition of 10wt%, 20wt% and 30wt% nano-BAG to RMGI powder did not significantly change the FS but the addition of 30wt% nano-BAG to RMGI significantly inhibited the bacterial growth.
Ethnobotanical Perspective in the Management of Obesity: An Updated Review
Authors: Choudhary Manjusha , Sharma Sakshi , Kalra Sunishtha , Sharma Divya , Rani Anjna , Budhwar Vikas 
Published: July 2022

Background:Obesity is increasing very rapidly from the past few decades in various developed countries that affects human health and produces various chronic disorders like diabetes (type 2), fat deposition in the liver, coronary heart disease, and atherosclerosis.Objective:Apart from the genetic and side effect of the drugs, nearly 80-90% of people become obese due to various behavioural factors, high caloric intake, and some physiological factors. Currently 15-20% male adults are overweight and 20-25% females come under the category of obese.Methods:Obesity is calculated by the body mass index and can be determined by the percentage of body fat and total body fat. Orlistat and sibutramine are two anti-obesogenic drugs which are available in the market and are approved by the Food and Drug Administration. However, these drugs possess various side effects and high in cost. Therefore, more attention goes towards the medicinal plants and their isolated compounds which are low in cost and with few or no side effects.Results:In this review, we give the information about the anti-obesogenic effect of various medicinal plant compounds isolated from them, extract dose, and the mechanism of action of in in vivo and invitro activity. During our literature work, we also found some of the plants with effective in vitro and in vivo activity against obesity.Conclusion:Therefore, the government and scientific community and other pharmaceutical companies help to find and work on a various medicinal plants not to determine their bioactive compounds but also for developing effective anti-obesity drugs.
Predicting Mortality in Intensive Care Unit Patients With Heart Failure Using an Interpretable Machine Learning Model: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Li Jili , Liu Siru , Hu Yundi , Zhu Lingfeng , Mao Yujia , Liu Jialin 
Published: July 2022

Background
Heart failure (HF) is a common disease and a major public health problem. HF mortality prediction is critical for developing individualized prevention and treatment plans. However, due to their lack of interpretability, most HF mortality prediction models have not yet reached clinical practice.

Objective
We aimed to develop an interpretable model to predict the mortality risk for patients with HF in intensive care units (ICUs) and used the SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) method to explain the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) model and explore prognostic factors for HF.

Methods
In this retrospective cohort study, we achieved model development and performance comparison on the eICU Collaborative Research Database (eICU-CRD). We extracted data during the first 24 hours of each ICU admission, and the data set was randomly divided, with 70% used for model training and 30% used for model validation. The prediction performance of the XGBoost model was compared with three other machine learning models by the area under the curve. We used the SHAP method to explain the XGBoost model.

Results
A total of 2798 eligible patients with HF were included in the final cohort for this study. The observed in-hospital mortality of patients with HF was 9.97%. Comparatively, the XGBoost model had the highest predictive performance among four models with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.824 (95% CI 0.7766-0.8708), whereas support vector machine had the poorest generalization ability (AUC=0.701, 95% CI 0.6433-0.7582). The decision curve showed that the net benefit of the XGBoost model surpassed those of other machine learning models at 10%~28% threshold probabilities. The SHAP method reveals the top 20 predictors of HF according to the importance ranking, and the average of the blood urea nitrogen was recognized as the most important predictor variable.

Conclusions
The interpretable predictive model helps physicians more accurately predict the mortality risk in ICU patients with HF, and therefore, provides better treatment plans and optimal resource allocation for their patients. In addition, the interpretable framework can increase the transparency of the model and facilitate understanding the reliability of the predictive model for the physicians.
Tradução, adaptação e avaliação das propriedades psicométricas da Arousal Predisposition Scale em crianças e adolescentes
Authors: Campos Ana Carolina Brunatto Falchetti , Silva Nanucha Teixeira da , Coren Stanley , Heldt Elizeth 
Published: July 2022

A Arousal Predisposition Scale (APS) é um instrumento com 12 itens, elaborado para mensurar o nível de arousal de um indivíduo. O termo arousal, traduzido para o português falado no Brasil, significa excitação, isto é, a resposta do organismo frente a um estímulo externo ou estresse ambiental. A escala visa abordar o arousal como uma predisposição ou característica individual de excitação diante de um estressor ambiental. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar tradução, adaptação e avaliação das propriedades psicométricas da APS para crianças e adolescentes. O estudo foi realizado com 189 alunos, de ambos os sexos, de escolas públicas, com idade entre 10 e 17 anos. A pesquisa foi dividida em duas etapas: a primeira foi a adaptação transcultural e a segunda etapa envolveu a avaliação das propriedades psicométricas da versão final. Os resultados apresentaram uma consistência interna dos itens aceitável para os grupos pré-adolescentes e adolescentes (alfa de Cronbach > 0,700). Não houve diferença significativa entre a escala total em médias de teste-reteste e uma correlação significativa de moderada a forte de validade de critério. A APS foi traduzida, adaptada e validada no Brasil para o grupo etário de 11 anos de idade. Destaca-se ainda a importância da utilização dessa escala por diferentes setores de saúde e da educação, em escolas de ensino fundamental e médio, contribuindo para identificar precocemente problemas de comportamento.