bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Underground Ecosystem Conservation Through High-resolution Air Monitoring
Authors: Addesso Rosangela , Bellino Alessandro , Baldantoni Daniela 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn cave ecosystems tourists represent moving sources of discontinuous disturbances, able to induce transient system responses whose knowledge is crucial in defining appropriate conservation measures. Here we propose an approach to evaluate the amplitude and scales of cave alterations based on high-resolution air monitoring, through the use of purposely developed low-cost monitoring stations and a consistent analytical framework for information retrieval based on time series analysis. In particular, monitoring stations adopt a modular structure based on physical computing platforms acquiring data through several sensors, with means of preventing humidity damages and guaranteeing their continuous operation. Data are then analyzed using wavelet periodograms and cross-periodograms to extract the scales of tourism-induced alterations. The approach has been exemplified in the Pertosa-Auletta Cave, one of the most important underground environments in Southern Italy, highlighting the development of monitoring stations and the information obtainable with the proposed analytical workflow. Here, 2 monitoring stations acquiring data for 1 year at 1′ sampling time on temperature, relative humidity, CO2, VOCs, and particulate matter were deployed in trails subjected to different levels of tourism. In terms of Pertosa-Auletta Cave air dynamics, the approach allowed estimating the temporal and spatial scales of tourism-induced alterations in the order of minutes and meters, respectively, with parameter-dependent variations. On more general terms, the approach proved reliable and effective, with its modularity and low-cost fostering its straightforward adoption in other underground ecosystems, where it can support the development of tailored management strategies.
Hsp90 inhibition sensitizes DLBCL cells to cisplatin
Authors: Schmidt Linnéa , Issa Issa Ismail , Haraldsdóttir Hulda , Hald Jonas Laugård , Schmitz Alexander , Due Hanne , Dybkær Karen 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposePlatinum-containing therapy is standard treatment for relapsed Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL). However, the efficacy of treatment is limited by drug resistance leading to relapse. Cisplatin resistance has been linked to impairments of the DNA damage response, and several DNA repair proteins have been identified as clients of the molecular chaperone Hsp90. Here, we investigated the combinatory treatment of cisplatin and the Hsp90 inhibitor, 17AAG, in DLBCL cells to evaluate if inhibition of Hsp90 could sensitize DLBCL cells to cisplatin treatment.MethodsCell viability was assessed for cisplatin and 17AAG as monotherapies and for 25 different combinations in 7 DLBCL cell lines, where the Bliss Independence Model and the Combination Index were applied to assess their interaction. Induction of apoptosis and DNA damage response were evaluated by measuring Annexin V and γH2AX levels after 48 h of exposure.Results17AAG synergized with cisplatin in DLBCL cells as detected in both interaction assessment models, resulting in a lower viability after 48 h for the combination-treated cells compared to both vehicle and single drug-treated cells. The combination also induced a stronger apoptotic response and an increase in DNA damage in 17AAG, cisplatin- and combination-treated cells compared to vehicle-treated cells, with the effect of the combination generally being higher than compared to both single drugs.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that 17AAG sensitizes DLBCL cells to cisplatin treatment. This effect is correlated with increased apoptotic and DNA damage response, potentially mediated by downregulation of Hsp90 clients in DNA repair pathways. Thus, cisplatin resistance could plausibly be overcome by combining the treatment with an Hsp90 inhibiting drug.
Influence of Major Stratospheric Sudden Warming on the Unprecedented Cold Wave in East Asia in January 2021
Authors: Zhang Yingxian , Si Dong , Ding Yihui , Jiang Dabang , Li Qingquan , Wang Guofu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAn unprecedented cold wave intruded into East Asia in early January 2021 and led to record-breaking or historical extreme low temperatures over vast regions. This study shows that a major stratospheric sudden warming (SSW) event at the beginning of January 2021 exerted an important influence on this cold wave. The major SSW event occurred on 2 January 2021 and subsequently led to the displacement of the stratospheric polar vortex to the East Asian side. Moreover, the SSW event induced the stratospheric warming signal to propagate downward to the mid-to-lower troposphere, which not only enhanced the blocking in the Urals–Siberia region and the negative phase of the Arctic Oscillation, but also shifted the tropospheric polar vortex off the pole. The displaced tropospheric polar vortex, Ural blocking, and another downstream blocking ridge over western North America formed a distinct inverted omega-shaped circulation pattern (IOCP) in the East Asia–North Pacific sector. This IOCP was the most direct and impactful atmospheric pattern causing the cold wave in East Asia. The IOCP triggered a meridional cell with an upward branch in East Asia and a downward branch in Siberia. The meridional cell intensified the Siberian high and low-level northerly winds, which also favored the invasion of the cold wave into East Asia. Hence, the SSW event and tropospheric circulations such as the IOCP, negative phase of Arctic Oscillation, Ural blocking, enhanced Siberian high, and eastward propagation of Rossby wave eventually induced the outbreak of an unprecedented cold wave in East Asia in early January 2021.
Impact of equatorial wind stress on Ekman transport during the mature phase of the Indian Ocean Dipole
Authors: Zhang Linfang , Li Yaokun , Li Jianping 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates the impact of equatorial wind stress on the equatorial Ekman transport during the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) mature phase. The results show that the equatorial zonal wind stress directly drives the meridional motion of seawater at the upper levels. In normal years, the zonal wind stress south of the equator is easterly and that north of the equator is westerly, which contributes to southward Ekman transport at the upper levels to form the climatological Indian Ocean shallow meridional overturning circulation. During the years of positive IOD events, abnormal easterly winds near the equator bring southward Ekman transport south of the equator while they bring northward Ekman transport north of the equator. This causes the seawater to move away from the equator and hence induces upwelling near the equator, which forms a pair of small circulation cells that are symmetric about the equator at the upper levels (approximately 100 m deep). The abnormal circulation cell south (north) of the equator strengthens (weakens) the southward (southward) motion south (north) of the equator. During years with negative IOD events, the opposite occurs. In addition, during the mature period of IOD, the remote sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) such as El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) may exert some influence on Ekman transport anomaly near the equator during the mature period of IOD.
Exploring the influence of the North Pacific Rossby wave sources on the variability of summer atmospheric circulation and precipitation over the Northern Hemisphere
Authors: Fuentes-Franco Ramón , Koenigk Torben , Docquier David , Graef Federico , Wyser Klaus 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe influence of Rossby waves emitted in the northeastern Pacific Ocean on the Northern Hemisphere’s atmosphere during summer is analysed using ERA5 reanalysis and a new large ensemble performed with the EC-Earth3 model. The Rossby Wave Sources (RWS) trigger wave-like patterns arising from the upper troposphere of the north-eastern Pacific region, causing a response around the Northern Hemisphere with alternating regions of positive and negative correlation values between RWS and geopotential height at 500 hPa. Increased RWS intensity during summer is related to negative temperature anomalies over western North America, and positive temperature anomalies over eastern North America, concurrently with increased precipitation over the western subtropical Atlantic and Northern Europe during summer. Colder than normal conditions on the North Pacific Ocean intensify the RWS and its impact on the global atmospheric circulation. Different warm or cold states in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans modify the atmospheric response to RWS, showing a change in the middle troposphere (500 hPa) towards a more-wavy structure with cold Pacific conditions, and towards a less-wavy structure with a warm Pacific Ocean. Furthermore, the North Atlantic plays a very important role in hindering (in the case of warm water) or permitting (cold water) that Rossby waves generated in the Pacific modulate the atmospheric conditions over Europe.
Early versus delayed defunctioning ileostomy closure after low anterior resection for rectal cancer: a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis of safety and functional outcomes
Authors: Podda Mauro , Coccolini Federico , Gerardi Chiara , Castellini Greta , Wilson Michael Samuel James , Sartelli Massimo , Pacella Daniela , Catena Fausto , Peltrini Roberto , Bracale Umberto , Pisanu Adolfo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis (TSA) to answer whether early closure of defunctioning ileostomy may be suitable after low anterior resection.

Methods
MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched, up to October 2021, for RCTs comparing early closure (EC ≤ 30 days) and delayed closure (DC ≥ 60 days) of defunctioning ileostomy. The risk ratio (RR) with 95% CI was calculated for dichotomous variables and the mean difference (MD) with 95% CI for continuous variables. The GRADE methodology was implemented for assessing Quality of Evidence (QoE). TSA was implemented to address the risk of random error associated with sparse data and/or multiple testing.

Results
Seven RCTs were included for quantitative synthesis. 599 patients were allocated to either EC (n = 306) or DC (n = 293). EC was associated with a higher rate of wound complications compared to DC (RR 2.56; 95% CI 1.33 to 4.93; P = 0.005; I2 = 0%, QoE High), a lower incidence of postoperative small bowel obstruction (RR 0.46; 95% CI 0.24 to 0.89; P = 0.02; I2 = 0%, QoE moderate), and a lower rate of stoma-related complications (RR 0.26; 95% CI 0.16 to 0.42; P < 0.00001; I2 = 0%, QoE moderate). The rate of minor low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) (RR 1.13; 95% CI 0.55 to 2.33; P = 0.74; I2 = 0%, QoE low) and major LARS (RR 0.80; 95% CI 0.59 to 1.09; P = 0.16; I2 = 0%, QoE low) did not differ between the two groups. TSA demonstrated inconclusive evidence with insufficient sample sizes to detect the observed effects.

Conclusion
EC may confer some advantages compared with a DC. However, TSA advocated a cautious interpretation of the results.

Prospero Register ID
CRD42021276557
A randomized, open-label, multicenter study of switching to brolucizumab with or without a loading dose for patients with suboptimal anatomically controlled neovascular age-related macular degeneration—the FALCON study
Authors: Holz F. G. , Schmitz-Valckenberg Steffen , Wolf A. , Agostini H. , Lorenz K. , Pielen A. , Feltgen N. , Guthoff R. , Quiering C. , Clemens A. , Jaeger K. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background
Treatment initiation with brolucizumab, a new potent anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agent, is typically performed with three monthly injections (loading dose) and has been well studied in treatment-naïve patients. However, no clinical data are available yet on whether or not anti-VEGF pretreated patients also benefit from a loading dose. In the clinical setting, different heterogeneous treatment patterns are used as no clinical trial has addressed this so far in a head-to-head comparison. Therefore, the FALCON study is investigating whether patients with unsatisfactory response to previous anti-VEGF treatments benefit from a loading dose at the switch to brolucizumab treatment.

Methods
FALCON is a 52-week, two-arm, randomized, open-label, multicenter, multinational study in patients with residually active neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) who will be randomized 1:1 and started with brolucizumab 6 mg loading (three monthly loading doses) or brolucizumab 6 mg non-loading (one initial injection) and consecutive treatment every 12 weeks, respectively. The primary objective is to demonstrate non-inferiority of the non-loading vs. loading arm in mean change of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) from baseline to the mean value at week 40 to week 52. Secondary objectives include the assessment of anatomical outcomes, treatment intervals, safety and tolerability.

Results
FALCON will be the first study to assess treatment initiation with an anti-VEGF agent in a switch situation with or without loading dose in patients with nAMD.

Conclusions
The results will support the optimization of treatment of patients with previous unsatisfactory anti-VEGF response. Therefore, we expect to see an impact on current clinical practice which has been established for more than a decade.

Trial registration
Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT04679935, date of registration—22-Dec 2020; EUDRACT number: 2019–004763-53, date of registration—03 Dec 2019.
Nonlocal and surface effects on nonlinear vibration response of a graded Timoshenko nanobeam
Authors: El-Borgi S. , Rajendran P. , Trabelssi M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe free and forced vibration of a graded geometrically nonlinear Timoshenko nanobeam supported by on a nonlinear foundation is considered in this paper. The main contribution of this study is to propose a new formulation for the dynamic response of this beam by combining nonlocal and surface elasticity in addition to employing the physical neutral axis method which eliminates the quadratic nonlinearity from the equation of motion. Using the principle of virtual work, a fourth-order nonlinear partial differential equation is formulated and Galerkin technique is employed to yield a fourth-order ordinary differential equation with cubic nonlinearity in the temporal domain. The method of multiple scales is employed to obtain the analytical expression of the nonlinear frequency of the beam and its frequency response curve from a primary resonance analysis. To assess the accuracy of this analytical solution, it is compared with a numerical solution obtained using the differential quadrature method. The obtained analytical results are successfully validated for particular cases of the considered problem with results published by other authors. The effects of surface elasticity, nonlocality, the physical neutral axis, the beam aspect ratio, the power-law index and the elastic foundation coefficients on the free and forced vibration response of the graded Timoshenko nanobeam are thoroughly investigated for different types of boundary conditions .
Facile retro-Dieckmann cleavage of a pink phyllobilin: new type of potential downstream steps of natural chlorophyll breakdown
Authors: Li Chengjie , Kräutler Bernhard 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn senescent leaves of higher plants, colourless chlorophyll (Chl) catabolites typically accumulate temporarily, and undergo natural oxidation, in part, to yellow- and pink-coloured phyllobilins (PBs). The latter, also classified as phylloroseobilins (PrBs), represent the final currently established products of Chl-breakdown, possibly playing important roles in metabolism. However, PrBs, themselves, do not accumulate in the leaves. Indeed, the original PrB identified, then classified as a pink Chl-catabolite (PiCC), is remarkably instable in methanolic solution. As reported here, PiCC readily converts at room temperature into yellow tetrapyrroles. The deduced main process, a retro-Dieckmann reaction, cleaves open its ring E moiety, the α-methoxycarbonyl-cyclopentanone unit characteristic of the Chls and of the natural Chl-derived PBs. This readily occurring reaction of the PiCC represents an unprecedented skeletal transformation of a PB, furnishing a cross-conjugated biladiene with a basic structure more similar to the heme-derived bilins.
Graphical abstract
The relationship between citations and the linguistic traits of specific academic discourse communities identified by using social network analysis
Authors: Watson Don , Krug Manfred , Carbon Claus-Christian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFor a research article (RA) to be accepted, not only for publication, but also by its readers, it must display proficiency in the content, methodologies and discourse conventions of its specific discipline. While numerous studies have investigated the linguistic characteristics of different research disciplines, none have utilised Social Network Analysis techniques to identify communities prior to analysing their language use. This study aims to investigate the language use of three highly specific research communities in the fields of Psychology, Physics and Sports Medicine. We were interested in how these language features are related to the total number of citations, the eigencentrality within the community and the intra-network citations of the individual RAs. Applying Biber’s Multidimensional Analysis approach, a total of 771 RA abstracts published between 2010 and 2019 were analysed. We evaluated correlations between one of three network characteristics (citations, eigencentrality and in-degree), the corpora’s dimensions and 72 individual language features. The pattern of correlations suggest that features cited by other RAs within the discourse community network are in almost all cases different from those that are cited by RAs from outside the network. This finding highlights the challenges of writing for both a discipline-specific and a wider audience.
How to catch trends using MeSH terms analysis?
Authors: Ilgisonis Ekaterina V. , Pyatnitskiy Mikhail A. , Tarbeeva Svetlana N. , Aldushin Artem A. , Ponomarenko Elena A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe paper describes a scheme for the comparative analysis of the sets of Pubmed publications. The proposed analysis is based on the comparison of the frequencies of occurrence of keywords—MeSH terms. The purpose of the analysis is to identify MeSH terms that characterize research areas specific to each group of articles, as well as to identify trends—topics on which the number of published works has changed significantly in recent years. The proposed approach was tested by comparing a set of medical publications and a group of articles in the field of personalized medicine. We analyzed about 700 thousand abstracts published in the period 2009–2021 and indexed them with MeSH terms. Topics with increasing research interest have been identified both in the field of medicine in general and specific to personalized medicine. Retrospective analysis of the keywords frequency of occurrence changes has shown the shift of the scientific priorities in this area over the past 10 years. The revealed patterns can be used to predict the relevance and significance of the scientific work direction in the horizon of 3–5 years. The proposed analysis can be scaled in the future for a larger number of groups of publications, as well as adjusted by introducing filters at the stage of sampling (scientific centers, journals, availability of full texts, etc.) or selecting a list of keywords (frequency threshold, use of qualifiers, category of generalizations).
Enlightening activation gating in P2X receptors
Authors: Sattler Christian , Benndorf Klaus 
Published: February 2022

AbstractP2X receptors are trimeric nonselective cation channels gated by ATP. They assemble from seven distinct subunit isoforms as either homo- or heteromeric complexes and contain three extracellularly located binding sites for ATP. P2X receptors are expressed in nearly all tissues and are there involved in physiological processes like synaptic transmission, pain, and inflammation. Thus, they are a challenging pharmacological target. The determination of crystal and cryo-EM structures of several isoforms in the last decade in closed, open, and desensitized states has provided a firm basis for interpreting the huge amount of functional and biochemical data. Electrophysiological characterization in conjugation with optical approaches has generated significant insights into structure–function relationships of P2X receptors. This review focuses on novel optical and related approaches to better understand the conformational changes underlying the activation of these receptors.
Indizierte Prävention hochstrittiger Trennungseltern: eine qualitative Implementationsstudie zu „Kinder aus der Klemme“
Authors: Ganser Maxi A. , Kleiner Marei , Gaese Maren , von der Lippe Holger 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungHintergrundHochstrittige Trennungen der Eltern stellen ein erhebliches Risiko für die Entwicklung von Kindern dar. Das spezifische Gruppenprogramm „Kinder aus der Klemme“ basiert auf einem multifamilientherapeutischen Konzept und zielt darauf ab, bisherige Konfliktmuster zugunsten positiver Elternfunktionen zu verändern. Die vorliegende Implementationsstudie untersucht, ob und wie das Angebot in seiner deutschsprachigen Adaptation von den Nutzern und Therapeut:innen als hilfreich erfahren wird und wie das Angebot potenziell optimiert werden kann.MethodikEs wurden qualitative Interviews mitn = 34 Beteiligten (darunter Trennungseltern, Kinder, Netzwerkpartner:innen und Therapeut:innen) eines neu implementierten Berliner Angebotes des Programms untersucht. Die Auswertung erfolgte per Qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse.ErgebnisseAlle Befragten berichten eingehend über die besonderen Herausforderungen während des Einstiegs in das Programm. Zahlreiche positive und bereichernde sowie einige konkret verbesserungswürdige Aspekte des Programms werden von allen Befragten-Gruppen wahrgenommen. Insbesondere gruppentherapeutische (z. B. Kohäsion, Beobachtungslernen) wie systemische Effekte (z. B. Ressourcenaktivierung, Stärkung der Elternfunktionen) lassen sich aus den Interviews für das Programm rekonstruieren.Diskussion„Kinder aus der Klemme“ stellt eine ansprechende und subjektiv wirksame Intervention für hochkonflikthafte Trennungseltern und ihre Kinder dar. Auch Familien, die zuvor bereits eine Vielzahl anderer Hilfen in Anspruch genommen haben, können sich darauf gut einlassen. Zukünftig könnte aus Sicht der Befragten die Dauer des Kurses erweitert werden, und auch die Arbeit mit den Kindern und Netzwerkpartner:innen könnte weiterentwickelt werden.