bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activation of cGAS‐STING by Lethal Malaria N67C Dictates Immunity and Mortality through Induction of CD11b+Ly6Chi Proinflammatory Monocytes
Authors: Du Yang , Luo Yien , Hu Zhiqiang , Lu Jiansen , Liu Xin , Xing Changsheng , Wu Jian , Duan Tianhao , Chu Junjun , Wang Helen Y. , Su Xin‐zhuan , Yu Xiao , Wang Rong‐Fu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCyclic GMP‐AMP synthase (cGAS) and stimulator of interferon genes (STING) play critical roles in the innate immunity against infectious diseases and are required to link pathogen DNA sensing to immune responses. However, the mechanisms by which cGAS‐STING‐induced cytokines suppress the adaptive immune response against malaria infections remain poorly understood. Here, cGAS‐STING signaling is identified to play a detrimental role in regulating anti‐malaria immunity. cGAS or STING deficiency in mice markedly prolongs mouse survival during lethal malaria Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis N67C infections by reducing late interleukin (IL)‐6 production. Mechanistically, cGAS/STING recruits myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) and specifically induces the p38‐dependent signaling pathway for late IL‐6 production, which, in turn, expands CD11b+Ly6Chi proinflammatory monocytes to inhibit immunity. Moreover, the blockage or ablation of the cGAS‐STING‐MyD88‐p38‐IL‐6 signaling axis or the depletion of CD11b+Ly6Chi proinflammatory monocytes provides mice a significant survival benefit during N67C and other lethal malaria‐strain infections. Taken together, these findings identify a previously unrecognized detrimental role of cGAS‐STING‐MyD88‐p38 axis in infectious diseases through triggering the late IL‐6 production and proinflammatory monocyte expansion and provide insight into how targeting the DNA sensing pathway, dysregulated cytokines, and proinflammatory monocytes enhances immunity against infection.
Sugarcane yield prediction and genotype selection using unmanned aerial vehicle‐based hyperspectral imaging and machine learning
Authors: Poudyal Chiranjibi , Costa Lucas Fideles , Sandhu Hardev , Ampatzidis Yiannis , Odero Dennis Calvin , Arbelo Orlando Coto , Cherry Ronald H. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSugarcane (Saccharum spp. interspecific hybrids), a high biomass perennial crop, in which manual data collection for early yield prediction, through its growth cycle (∼12 mo long), is labor intensive and time consuming. Alternately, aerial imagery can be explored to predict yield‐related components and high‐throughput phenotyping for genetic selection. In this study, aerial imagery and ground data were collected in Stage IV (final stage of genotype selection) of the Florida sugarcane cultivar development program to evaluate the use of unmanned aerial vehicles in yield prediction (tons of cane per hectare [TCH], sucrose concentration, and tons of sugar per hectare [TSH]) in multiple new genotypes (13 in plant cane crop, nine in first ratoon crop). Aerial imagery data were collected using hyperspectral sensor, and yield data were collected through manual sampling of sugarcane stalks at harvest. The gradient‐boosting regression tree model was selected based on low mean absolute percentage error on multiple dates (April, July, and September) to determine the best timing of yield predictions. Results showed that yield was predicted with greater accuracy in July in plant crop and April in the first ratoon crop. Also, sucrose percentage was predicted with greater accuracy (94% in plant crop and 93% in first ratoon crop) than TCH and TSH. Although only two out of the top five genotypes were common in both selection methods (measured vs. predicted yields) in Stage IV, high accuracy in TCH and sucrose percentage shows that aerial imagery may be useful in making genotype selection in early stages when actual yield estimation is not feasible.
From Stable PH‐Ylides to α‐Carbanionic Phosphines as Ligands for Zwitterionic Catalysts
Authors: Zur Jana‐Alina , Schmidt Michelle , Feichtner Kai‐Stephan , Duari Prakash , Löffler Julian , Scherpf Thorsten , Gessner Viktoria H. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAlthough ylides are commonly used reagents in organic synthesis, the parent methylphosphine MePH2 only exists in its phosphine form in the condensed phase. Its ylide tautomer H3P+−CH2− is considerably higher in energy. Here, we report on the formation of bis(sulfonyl)methyl‐substituted phosphines of the type (RO2S)2C(H)−PR2, which form stable PH ylides under ambient conditions, amongst the first examples of an acyclic phosphine which only exists in its PH ylide form. Depending on the exact substitution pattern the phosphines form an equilibrium between the PH ylide and the phosphine form or exist as one of both extremes. These phosphines were found to be ideal starting systems for the facile formation of α‐carbanionic phosphines. The carbanion‐functionalization leads to a switch from electron‐poor to highly electron‐rich phosphines with strong donor abilities and high basicities. Thus, the phosphines readily react with different electrophiles exclusively at the phosphorus atom and not at the carbanionic center. Furthermore, the anionic nature of the phosphines allows the formation of zwitterionic complexes as demonstrated by the isolation of a gold(I) complex with a cationic metal center. The cationic gold center allows for catalytic activity in the hydroamination of alkyne without requiring a further activation step.
Supported Anionic Gold Nanoparticle Catalysts Modified Using Highly Negatively Charged Multivacant Polyoxometalates
Authors: Xia Kang , Yatabe Takafumi , Yonesato Kentaro , Yabe Tomohiro , Kikkawa Soichi , Yamazoe Seiji , Nakata Ayako , Yamaguchi Kazuya , Suzuki Kosuke 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAlthough supported anionic gold nanoparticle catalysts have been theoretically investigated for their efficacy in activating O2 in aerobic oxidation reactions, limited studies have been reported due to the difficulty of designing these catalysts. Herein, we developed a feasible method for preparing supported anionic gold nanoparticle catalysts using multivacant lacunary polyoxometalates with high negative charges. We confirmed the strong and robust electronic interaction between gold nanoparticles and multivacant lacunary polyoxometalates, and the electronic states of the supported gold nanoparticle catalysts can be sequentially modulated. Particularly, the catalyst prepared using [SiW9O34]10− acted as an efficient reusable heterogeneous catalyst, showing superior catalytic performance for the oxidative dehydrogenation of piperidone derivatives to the corresponding enaminones and remarkably higher stability than supported gold nanoparticle catalysts without this modification.
Synthesis, characterization, in vitro antimicrobial and cytotoxic studies of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) complexes obtained from Schiff base ligands of 1, 2, 3, 4‐tetrahydro‐naphthalen‐1‐ylamine
Authors: Devi Jai , Sharma Som , Kumar Sanjeev , Kumar Binesh , Kumar Deepak , Jindal Deepak Kumar , Das Souvik 
Published: May 2022

The transition metal complexes of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) with bidentate Schiff base ligands (HL1−5) were obtained from condensation of 1, 2, 3, 4‐tetrahydro‐naphthalen‐1‐ylamine with methanolic solution of 3‐hydroxy‐salicylaldehyde, 4‐hydroxy‐salicylaldehyde, 5‐bromo‐salicylaldehyde, 3,5‐dibromo‐salicylaldehyde, and 2‐hydroxy‐1‐napthaldehyde. The synthesized compounds were structurally elucidated by spectral and physical methods. The spectral characterization emphasized bidentate nature (NO) of Schiff base ligands which gets chelated with metal via nitrogen atom of imine group and deprotonated oxygen of salicylaldehyde/2‐hydroxy‐1‐napthaldehyde group to form octahedral geometry around metal atom. Thermal results supported that the complexes are stable upto 200°C leaving metal oxide as an end products. The reported compounds (1–25) in this series were screened against the bacterial strains, that is, two Gram positive: Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus, two Gram negative: Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, and two fungal strains: Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger and their results that indicated moderate to good activity with compounds 20 and 21 having good antimicrobial activity (minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] value 0.0269–0.0067 μmol/ml) as compared with control drugs ciprofloxacine and fluconazole. Furthermore, cytotoxic studies of synthesized compounds were carried out against three human cancer cell lines: HCT‐116 (colon), A549 (alveolar), and MCF‐7 (breast) using standard drug paclitaxel. The results demonstrated that compounds 1 (IC50 values = 12.93, 15.13, 17.24), 3 (11.9, 9.29, 12.64), 9 (17.06, 20.06, 22.87), 14 (16.21, 18.47, 20.00), and 25 (17.54, 17.21, 20.23) for three cancer cell lines were found to be most potent candidates among the synthesized compounds.
Performance enhancement of bio‐based rubber composites using epoxidized natural rubber for silica without carbon emissions and volatile organic compounds
Authors: Wang Zixuan , Li Yanguo , Song Weixiao , Wu Xiaohui , Zhang Liqun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTire development tendency is green, environment‐friendly, and safeguarding life and health. The conventional tires, consisting of solution polymerized styrene‐butadiene rubbers (SSBR), silica, silane coupling agents, and other rubber additives, will not be able to keep up with the demand. SSBR, as a synthetic rubber processed from nonrenewable petroleum resources, creates a large amount of carbon emissions in the production process and the reaction between silica and silane coupling agents generates a large amount of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which is detrimental to the environment and human health. In this article, epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) with different epoxide degrees was successfully prepared and blended with natural rubber (NR)/silica composites to improve the dispersion of silica and the performance of nanocomposites. The effect of heat treatment temperature on the reaction between ENR and silica and the dynamic and static mechanical properties of ENR/NR/silica nanocomposites was investigated by mechanical properties test, transmission electron microscopy, x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared. The results showed that the epoxy groups on the ENR molecular chain could react with the silanol on the surface of silica to form a strong chemical bond, which improved the dispersion of silica in the rubber matrix and further enhanced the performance of the rubber composites without carbon emission and VOCs.
Transcriptome analysis ofMythimna separata: De novo assembly and detection of genes related to beta‐cypermethrin resistance
Authors: Li Min , Li Rong‐Rong , Zhao Chen‐Jing , Lei Ting , Wang Guo‐Bin , Hu Yan‐Hua 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe oriental armywormMythimna separata(Walker) is a devastating pest of cereal crops mainly in Asia and Oceania and recently become resistant to beta‐cypermethrin (beta‐CP). However, molecular biological studies of its response to beta‐CP are scarce, and related genomic information is not available. In this study, we sequenced and de novo assembled the transcriptome of beta‐CP susceptibleM. separata(MsS‐whole, abbr. MsS‐W). A total of 30,486 unigenes were obtained, with an N50 length of 506 bp. A number of 21,051 unigenes were matched to public databases, of which 10,107 were classified into 59 gene ontology subcategories, 5792 were assigned into 25 clusters of orthologous groups of proteins subgroups and 12,123 were assigned to 257 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways. A total of 729 simple sequence repeats were detected. In addition, a total of 323 cytochrome P450‐associated sequences from nine lepidopterous species, of which 130 were fromM. separata, were analyzed using the maximum likelihood method and Bayesian inference. Among the 130 cytochrome P450‐associated sequences fromM. separata, 60 were dropped into CYP3 clan, which is associated with metabolizing xenobiotics and plant natural compounds. Furthermore, the beta‐CP susceptible (MsS‐2) and resistant (MsR‐2)M. separatapopulation transcriptomes were sequenced. Certain critical genes involved in beta‐CP detoxification were detected and verified by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Collectively, our results provided a basis for further studies of the molecular mechanism of insecticide resistance inM. separata.
Hollow Spherical ZnO with Mesoporous Shell for Highly Enhanced Gas Sensitivity and Selectivity
Authors: Liu Yao , Liu Jing , Yu Wenbei , Peng Yao , Yan Wei , Li Yu , Zhang Jiujun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this work, ZnO hollow spheres (ZnO‐HS) with mesoporous shells were successfully synthesized via a facile two‐step method. The hollow structure provides sufficient space and active sites for adsorbing gases. The mesoporous shells assembled from nanoparticles facilitate the diffusion of gas molecules into the inner space and ensure full contact with ZnO. Consequently, ZnO‐HS‐600 gas sensors deliver a satisfactory response to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and an excellent response‐recovery time at the optimal working temperature of 300 °C, i. e., acetone (9 and 5 s), ethanol (10 and 6 s), and methanol (12 and 14 s), respectively. By combining the theoretical calculation and the experimental observation, the relationship between the structure and performance has been established. The results demonstrate that ZnO‐HS‐600 materials meet the regional depletion condition, i. e., L2Ls, further explaining its superior response‐recovery time. Our work provides a prospective strategy for high‐performance ZnO gas sensors via structural design and theoretical calculations.
Red emissive ternary europium complexes: synthesis, optical, and luminescence characteristics
Authors: Dalal Anuj , Nehra Kapeesha , Hooda Anjli , Singh Devender , Kumar Sumit , Malik Rajender Singh 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSolid ternary europium complexes consisting of fluorinated β‐diketone (thenoyltrifluoroacetone, TTFA) and heteroaromatic bidentate auxiliary ligands were synthesized. The luminescence features of the complexes were estimated using various spectral measurements and clearly proved that the Eu3+ ion is efficiently sensitized by ligands by an antenna effect. Photoluminescence excitation spectra have shown that Eu(III) complexes are excited effectively in the ultraviolet (UV) region and the corresponding emission spectra consist of characteristic peaks attributed to the 5D0→7FJ transitions of the europium ion with the strongest emission peak at 611 nm (5D0→7F2). From photoluminescence (PL) data, decay time, Judd–Ofelt parameters, transition rates, and quantum efficiency of the complexes were also determined. The Commission Internationale de l'éclairage (CIE) colour coordinates indicated the bright red emission of ternary europium complexes. Correlated colour temperature values indicated the utilization of these complexes in display devices. Judd–Ofelt and photophysical parameters were also estimated theoretically using LUMPAC software. Various frontier molecular orbitals and their respective energy were determined. These red emissive europium complexes could be utilized for fabricating solid‐state lighting systems.
Residue levels, household processing evolution, and risk assessment of chlorothalonil, SDS‐3701, metalaxyl, and dimethomorph in Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo
Authors: Zhao Honglei , Hou Huizhen , Hu Jiye 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDendrobium officinale, a minor crop with medicinal and edible value, is increasingly consumed by people, but the pesticide residues on it have received little attention. In this work, field trials were conducted under good agricultural practice conditions to investigate the residues of chlorothalonil, SDS‐3701, metalaxyl, and dimethomorph in D. officinale; then the evolution of these pesticides after household processing was studied. The results indicated that chlorothalonil, SDS‐3701, metalaxyl, and dimethomorph were 2.41–30.12, 0.20–1.23, 0.07–0.80, and 0.19–7.90 mg kg−1, respectively, in stems at recommended preharvest interval (30 days). Washing and soaking removed the pesticides in fresh stems with processing factors 0.41–1.14 and 0.12–1.13, respectively. In the brewing test, the transfer rates of pesticides in dry stems decreased from the first time (4.27–95.40%) to the third time (3.89–15.57%). Intake risk assessments were also conducted, and the risk quotients were no more than 27.02% for all compounds in different samples, which indicated acceptable risks for consumers. As effective risk‐reducing home‐processing methods, washing, soaking, and multiple brewing were suggested in this work, hoping to help consumers with diet safety.
Impact of race‐specific screening guideline on the uptake of colorectal cancer screening among young African Americans
Authors: Tak Hyo Jung , Pan I‐Wen , Halpern Michael T. , Shih Ya‐Chen Tina 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundAfrican Americans (AAs) have had lower colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates, higher incidence rate, and earlier mean age at onset. The 2017 U.S. Multi‐Society Task Force (MSTF) recommended initiating CRC screening at age 45 for AAs and age 50 for non‐AAs.ObjectiveTo investigate the impact of the 2017 MSTF's race‐specific guidelines on CRC screening rate among young AAs.Design, setting, and participantsWe used the 2015 and 2018 National Health Interview Survey to provide nationally representative estimates. The study sample included adults aged between 45 and 75 without a history of CRC, excluding screening recipients for diagnosis or surveillance purposes.Main measuresThe outcome is a binary variable of CRC screening. Primary independent variables were age and race category (non‐AAs aged 45–49, AAs 45–49, non‐AAs 50–75, AAs 50–75), a binary variable indicating before or after the 2017 MSTF guideline (2015 vs. 2018), and their interaction terms. We employed a multivariable logistic model, adjusting for individual characteristics, and accounting for complex survey design.Key resultsAmong the total sample (n = 21,735), CRC screening rate increased from 54.6% in 2015 to 58.5% in 2018 (p < 0.01). By age and race, the screening rate exhibited an increase for all age and race groups except for young non‐AAs. Compared to young non‐AAs, the adjusted predicted probability (APP) of screening for young AAs was significantly higher by 0.10 (average marginal effect, 0.10; 95% confidence interval, 0.01–0.19) in 2018, while the difference was insignificant in 2015. Racial differences in screening among older adults were not significant in both years. The CRC screening rate was substantially lower among young AAs compared to older AAs (17.2% vs. 65.5% in 2018).ConclusionThe race‐specific recommendation is an effective policy tool to increase screening uptake and would contribute to reducing cancer disparities among racial/ethnic minorities.
Removal of Trace Plant Antibiotics from Water Systems by Adsorption: A Review
Authors: Battak Normalija , Kamin Zykamilia , Bahrun Mohd Hardyianto Vai , Chiam Chel Ken , Peter Elysandra , Bono Awang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPlant antibiotics in water are considered an emerging issue due to their interference with human health. Antibiotics protect crops from diseases; however, low levels of antibiotics are found in wastewater due to their incomplete removal. Several treatment methods are available, but with limitations such as high operation and maintenance costs and the formation of toxic by‐products. Antibiotic removal by adsorption is an alternative method, being a low‐energy process with simple operation, mainly if used with carbonaceous adsorbents. Antibiotic removal was fit to a wide variety of isotherm and kinetic models, with the Freundlich isotherm as the most employed one. This paper aims to review the use of the adsorption process in the removal of plant antibiotics from water systems.
Supervisors' overtime hours, abusive supervision and leader–member exchange: How supervisors' long work hours harm their relationships with subordinates
Authors: Afota Marie‐Colombe , Vandenberghe Christian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe current research examines the consequences of supervisors' overtime hours on subordinates. Drawing upon the stressor‐emotion model of counterproductive behaviors, we argue that supervisors' overtime hours positively relate to abusive supervision behaviors through negative emotions, which in turn undermine leader–member exchange relationships. We further posit that this process is exacerbated among subordinates with a strong relational self‐concept. Multisource multilevel data collected from an organizational sample of 181 employees and longitudinal data from 416 employees from multiple organizations support our predictions. This research indicates that the consequences of working overtime extend beyond supervisors, as subordinates may be negatively affected when their supervisors work long hours. We discuss implications for both theory and practice.
Real‐world risk factors of confirmed or probable COVID‐19 in Americans with diabetes: A prospective, community‐based study (iNPHORM)
Authors: Ratzki‐Leewing Alexandria , Black Jason E. , Ryan Bridget L. , Harris Stewart B. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionAmericans with diabetes are clinically vulnerable to worse COVID‐19 outcomes; thus, insight into how to prevent infection is imperative. Using longitudinal, prospective data from the real‐world iNPHORM study, we identify the intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors of confirmed or probable COVID‐19 in people with type 1 or 2 diabetes.MethodsThe iNPHORM study recruited 1206 Americans (18–90 years) with insulin‐ and/or secretagogue‐treated type 1 or 2 diabetes from a probability‐based internet panel. Online questionnaires (screener, baseline and 12 monthly follow‐ups) assessed COVID‐19 incidence and various plausible intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Multivariable Cox regression was used to model the rate of COVID‐19 (confirmed or probable). Risk factors were selected using a repeated backwards‐selection ‘voting’ procedure.ResultsA sub‐sample of 817 iNPHORM participants (type 1 diabetes: 16.9%; age: 52.1 [SD: 14.2] years; female: 50.2%) was analysed between May 2020 and March 2021. During this period, 13.7% reported confirmed or probable COVID‐19. Age, body mass index, number of chronic comorbidities, most recent A1C, past severe hypoglycaemia, and employment status were selected in our final model. Body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 versus <30 kg/m2 (HR 1.63 [1.05; 2.52]95% CI), and increased number of comorbidities (HR 1.16 [1.05; 1.27]95% CI) independently predicted COVID‐19 incidence. Marginally significant effects were observed for overall A1C (p = .06) and employment status (p = .07).ConclusionsThis is the first US‐based epidemiologic investigation to characterize community‐based COVID‐19 susceptibility in diabetes. Our results reveal specific and promising avenues to prevent COVID‐19 in this at‐risk population. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04219514.