bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of probiotic‐derived lotion from Lactobacillus paracasei MSMC 39‐1 in mild to moderate acne vulgaris, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sathikulpakdee Sunattha , Kanokrungsee Silada , Vitheejongjaroen Porntipha , Kamanamool Nanticha , Udompataikul Montree , Taweechotipatr Malai 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundProbiotics provide benefits for reducing acne. Previous studies showed an anti‐inflammatory effect of Lactobacillus paracasei. However, the clinical evidence of topical probiotic lotion and acne treatment is still lacking.ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of probiotic‐derived lotion compared with 2.5% benzoyl peroxide in the treatment of mild‐to‐moderate acne vulgaris.MethodsTopical probiotic‐derived lotion was formulated from cell‐free supernatant of L. paracasei MSMC 39‐1. In vitro study showed the ability of the supernatant to inhibit both antibiotic‐resistance and‐susceptibility strains of C. acnes and inhibit tumor necrosis factor‐α. The patients with mild‐to‐moderate acne vulgaris on the face were randomized to receive topical probiotic‐derived lotion or 2.5% benzoyl peroxide. Acne lesion counts, erythema index, and side effects were assessed after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment.ResultsOne hundred and four acne vulgaris patients were enrolled. After four weeks of treatment, the inflammatory acne lesion counts and erythema index significantly decreased compared with the baseline in both the probiotic‐derived lotion group and 2.5% benzoyl peroxide group (p < 0.001 in both groups) without statistically significant difference between the two groups (p > 0.05). However, the comedones were not affected in both groups. Four patients (7.69%) treated with probiotic‐derived lotion and 14 patients (26.92%) treated with 2.5% benzoyl peroxide reported treatment‐associated side effects.ConclusionProbiotic‐derived lotion is safe and effective for treating mild to moderate acne vulgaris, a comparable outcome with 2.5% benzoyl peroxide. It could be an alternative treatment of acne with more minor side effects.
Interactions between children, parents and nurses during postoperative pain management: A grounded theory study
Authors: Bakir Ebru , Briggs Michelle , Mackintosh‐Franklin Carolyn , Marshall Marie 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimTo explore the interactions between children, parents and nurses during postoperative pain management.BackgroundDespite the growing evidence relating to postoperative pain management in children and relevant practice guidelines, children still experience moderate to severe pain after surgery. One factor could be related to the relatively unexplored child–parent–nurse interaction.DesignA qualitative constructivist grounded theory methodology.MethodsData were collected from a paediatric hospital in the United Kingdom. Ten children aged between 6 and 11 years old who had undergone surgery, 11 parents and 10 nurses participated. Methods included face‐to‐face semi‐structured interviews. Data were analysed using constant comparison technique, memos and constructivist grounded theory coding levels. The COREQ guidelines were followed for reporting.FindingsThree concepts emerged from data, “Parents as a communicator for child‐nurse interaction”, “Parents’ emotional turmoil in child‐nurse interaction”, and “Parents’ actions in child‐nurse interaction” which constructed the substantive theory of child–parent–nurse interaction during postoperative pain management: “Facilitating or Inhibiting Interactions: Parental Influence on Postoperative Pain Management”. The findings highlight an absence of a three‐way interaction between children, parents and nurses and a dyadic interaction process between children and nurses was not apparent. Instead, child–parent–nurse interactions were constructed around two dyads of child–parent and parent–nurse interactions with child–nurse interaction constructed via parents. Parents, as a communicator, influenced the entire postoperative pain management processes between children, parents and nurses by facilitating or inhibiting the interaction processes.ConclusionsThis study identifies potentially important evidence about the unique position parents hold between their child and nurses as a central pivotal communicator during children’s postoperative pain management.Relevance to clinical practicesThis study may help to explain how and why postoperative pain management remains suboptimal. The substantive theory could support improvements in the management of postoperative pain through a much wider recognition of parents’ central pivotal communicator role and the complexity of these child–nurse interactions.
Variations in end‐of‐life care practices in older critically ill patients with COVID‐19 in Europe
Authors: Wernly Bernhard , Rezar Richard , Flaatten Hans , Beil Michael , Fjølner Jesper , Bruno Raphael R. , Artigas Antonio , Pinto Bernardo B. , Schefold Joerg C. , Kelm Malte , Sigal Sviri , van Heerden Peter V. , Szczeklik Wojciech , Elhadi Muhammed , Joannidis Michael , Oeyen Sandra , Wolff Georg , Marsh Brian , Andersen Finn H. , Moreno Rui , Leaver Susannah , Wernly Sarah , Boumendil Ariane , De Lange Dylan W. , Guidet Bertrand , Jung Christian ,   COVIP study group
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies reported regional differences in end‐of‐life care (EoLC) for critically ill patients in Europe.ObjectivesThe purpose of this post‐hoc analysis of the prospective multicentre COVIP study was to investigate variations in EoLC practices among older patients in intensive care units during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.MethodsA total of 3105 critically ill patients aged 70 years and older were enrolled in this study (Central Europe: n = 1573; Northern Europe: n = 821; Southern Europe: n = 711). Generalised estimation equations were used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) to population averages. Data were adjusted for patient‐specific variables (demographic, disease‐specific) and health economic data (gross domestic product, health expenditure per capita). The primary outcome was any treatment limitation, and 90‐day mortality was a secondary outcome.ResultsThe frequency of the primary endpoint (treatment limitation) was highest in Northern Europe (48%), intermediate in Central Europe (39%) and lowest in Southern Europe (24%). The likelihood for treatment limitations was lower in Southern than in Central Europe (aOR 0.39; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.21–0.73; p = 0.004), even after multivariable adjustment, whereas no statistically significant differences were observed between Northern and Central Europe (aOR 0.57; 95%CI 0.27–1.22; p = 0.15). After multivariable adjustment, no statistically relevant mortality differences were found between Northern and Central Europe (aOR 1.29; 95%CI 0.80–2.09; p = 0.30) or between Southern and Central Europe (aOR 1.07; 95%CI 0.66–1.73; p = 0.78).ConclusionThis study shows a north‐to‐south gradient in rates of treatment limitation in Europe, highlighting the heterogeneity of EoLC practices across countries. However, mortality rates were not affected by these results.
Mobilizing and Delivering Essential Meals to Children and Families Affected by School Closures During COVID‐19 and Beyond
Authors: Ryan Benjamin J. , Telford Victoria , Brickhouse Mark , Campbell Jacqueline , Crowe Connor , Fink Rok , Hatch Kristy , Hatch Tim , Jones Reiley , Cruz Andrea S. , Allen Cara , Krey Kathy , Everett Jeremy , Kanitz Lori A. , Brooks Bryan W. 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThe closure of schools in response to COVID‐19 compromised access to essential meals for many students. The Emergency Meals‐to‐You program, a public/private partnership, was set up to address this challenge. More than 38.7 million meals were delivered between April and August 2020. This study explores lessons learned and identifies strategies for strengthening food access and security at schools and beyond.METHODSQualitative research methods were used. This included interviews and focus groups with participants involved in setting up and delivering the Emergency Meals‐to‐You program. Data were thematically analyzed using key phrases, ideas, and concepts, and interpreted.RESULTSThe program leveraged a multisectoral approach. Components relied on each other and included: schools, public/private partnership, eligibility, relationships, experience, centralized communication, food quality and branding, logistics, and transport. Strategies identified to strengthen food access focused on integration with emergency management structures, understanding food needs at the school level, building a fully procurable menu, and allowing distribution to be rapidly scaled.CONCLUSIONSThe lessons identified and strategies recommended provide a framework for working across the emergency management spectrum (school to national level) to strengthen food access and availability for students and their families affected by a pandemic, disaster, or crisis situation.
Growth effects of lysine in compounded diets for American alligator, Alligator mississippiensis
Authors: Reigh Robert C. , Williams Millie B. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractNutritional requirements of the American alligator, Alligator mississippiensis, are largely unknown despite the value of farm‐raised alligator as an aquaculture product. We conducted a 10‐month growth trial to determine effects of graded levels of dietary lysine on alligator growth as measured by increase in body length, body weight gain, and free lysine concentration in blood plasma. One‐hundred‐ninety‐two hatchling alligators were fed 50% crude protein, pelletized diets, composed primarily of practical feed ingredients, with 1.5, 2.25, 3.0, or 3.75% dietary lysine. Diets were fed for 326 days under temperature‐controlled, laboratory conditions. Body lengths and body weights were measured at 60‐day intervals, and blood samples were taken at the final weighing. Increases in body length, body weight gain, and free lysine level in blood plasma indicated that a concentration of at least 2.25% dietary lysine (as fed)—about 4.5% of protein—was adequate for growth of alligator under the conditions of this study. Results suggest that the lysine requirement of American alligator is similar to requirements reported for other aquaculture species, including some fishes, crustaceans, and amphibians.
Gastrointestinal symptoms and the severity of COVID‐19: Disorders of gut–brain interaction are an outcome
Authors: Ebrahim Nakhli Ramin , Shanker Aaron , Sarosiek Irene , Boschman Jeffrey , Espino Karina , Sigaroodi Solmaz , Al Bayati Ihsan , Elhanafi Sherif , Sadeghi Amin , Sarosiek Jerzy , Zuckerman Marc J. , Rezaie Ali , McCallum Richard W. , Schmulson Max J. , Bashashati Ali , Bashashati Mohammad 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundMany of the studies on COVID‐19 severity and its associated symptoms focus on hospitalized patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between acute GI symptoms and COVID‐19 severity in a clustering‐based approach and to determine the risks and epidemiological features of post‐COVID‐19 Disorders of Gut–Brain Interaction (DGBI) by including both hospitalized and ambulatory patients.MethodsThe study utilized a two‐phase Internet‐based survey on: (1) COVID‐19 patients’ demographics, comorbidities, symptoms, complications, and hospitalizations and (2) post‐COVID‐19 DGBI diagnosed according to Rome IV criteria in association with anxiety (GAD‐7) and depression (PHQ‐9). Statistical analyses included univariate and multivariate tests.ResultsFive distinct clusters of symptomatic subjects were identified based on the presence of GI symptoms, loss of smell, and chest pain, among 1114 participants who tested positive for SARS‐CoV‐2. GI symptoms were found to be independent risk factors for severe COVID‐19; however, they did not always coincide with other severity‐related factors such as age >65 years, diabetes mellitus, and Vitamin D deficiency. Of the 164 subjects with a positive test who participated in Phase‐2, 108 (66%) fulfilled the criteria for at least one DGBI. The majority (n = 81; 75%) were new‐onset DGBI post‐COVID‐19. Overall, 86% of subjects with one or more post‐COVID‐19 DGBI had at least one GI symptom during the acute phase of COVID‐19, while 14% did not. Depression (65%), but not anxiety (48%), was significantly more common in those with post‐COVID‐19 DGBI.ConclusionGI symptoms are associated with a severe COVID‐19 among survivors. Long‐haulers may develop post‐COVID‐19 DGBI. Psychiatric disorders are common in post‐COVID‐19 DGBI.
Internal carotid artery calcifications in a South African population: A CBCT imaging study
Authors: Uys André , Mavuso Diana 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundStroke is the second leading cause of death globally and account for 25,000 deaths annually in South Africa. Both medial and intimal located intracranial internal carotid artery (iICA) calcifications are associated with stroke. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is commonly used where advanced dental imaging of the skull is required and often includes areas outside of the field of interest. Modalities such as CBCT have great potential to identify and provide early detection of calcifications during imaging for dental purposes. The aim of the study was to investigate the presence, distribution and extent of iICA calcifications in a South African population using CBCT images. Retrospectively collected CBCT data sets of 582 patients were evaluated. All data sets were evaluated for the presence, location and severity of calcifications within the course of the internal carotid artery.ResultsAge was associated with a higher prevalence of internal carotid artery (ICA) calcifications, but sex was not. Individuals older than 61 years presented with a high number of calcifications. In total, the presence of calcifications was found in 199 patients (i.e. 34.19% of the patients). White South African individuals showed the highest prevalence. A higher degree of calcifications was also present within the C4, C5 and C6 ICA segments.ConclusionsDetection of calcifications along the course of the ICA was possible using CBCT images taken for dental treatment purposes. Early detection of calcifications allows for appropriated referral and assessment which will be beneficial to the patient presenting with ICA calcifications.
Disposition activation during organizational change: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Gonzalez Katerina , Portocarrero Florencio F. , Ekema Michael L. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHow do dispositions affect an individual's attitudes and behaviors during organizational change? In this systematic and meta‐analytic investigation, using data from 154 articles (168 independent samples), we classify a broad set of dispositions into a previously validated two‐factor dispositional model. This model distinguishes between two dispositional factors that shed light on individuals’ adaptation to change: positive self‐concept and risk tolerance. Drawing from trait activation theory (TAT), we examine the magnitude of effects between each dispositional factor and various groups of outcomes: explicit change responses (e.g., resistance), well‐being (e.g., stress), work attitudes (e.g., job satisfaction), and work behaviors (e.g., job performance). We also evaluate the moderating effects of the change context (its stage, dimensions, and types), national context (cultural dimensions), and study design. To this end, we conducted multi‐level meta‐analyses using samples of employees who experienced organizational change. Our findings support the notion that during organizational change, positive self‐concept and risk tolerance are valid predictors across outcome categories and demonstrate that positive self‐concept is more strongly associated with several employees’ change responses and work attitudes than risk tolerance. These associations vary depending on the type of outcome, the stage of change, the national cultural dimension, and the study design, and to a lesser degree, the dimension and type of change. Finally, we offer theoretical and empirical research directions for organizational change and personality scholars.
Differential uptake of nitrogen forms by two herbs in the Gurbantunggut desert, Central Asia
Authors: Zhuang W. , Wang M. , Xiao Y. , Zhou X. , Wu N. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Understanding how plants adjust their requirements for different N forms can help elucidate plant coexistence strategies in N‐limited desert ecosystems. To understand the mechanisms involved, we investigated whether two desert herbs can directly absorb dissolved organic nitrogen (N) and tested whether the patterns changed over different growth stages.

Two dominant herbaceous species, Astragalus arpilobus and Arnebia decumbens, from the southern edge of the Gurbantunggut desert, China, were selected. Short‐term (24 h) 15N‐labelled tracer (15N‐NO3, 15N‐NH4, 2‐13C‐15N‐Glycine) treatments were conducted at two soil depths (0–5 cm and 5–15 cm) in the season of rapid growth (June) and in the peak biomass season (July). Enrichment in 13C and 15N was assessed in the two species receiving glycine.

The ratio 13C:15N was 0.21–1.39 at the 24‐h harvest, suggesting that approximately 10.5–69.5% of glycine had been absorbed. The amount of absorbed 15N was significantly affected by species, month, soil depth and N form. The two species absorbed most 15N from the 0–5 cm soil layer, and the absorption rate in July was higher than that in June. The absorption of 15N‐NO3 and 15N‐NH4 was significantly higher than that of 2‐13C‐15N‐Glycine.

The results indicate that these herbs could use amino acids in the N‐deficient desert ecosystem. The two co‐existing species used different forms of inorganic N for their requirements and maintained a specific preference throughout various growth stages.
A flexible method for parameterizing ranked nodes in Bayesian networks using Beta distributions
Authors: Mascaro Steven , Woodberry Owen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWhen novice modelers first attempt to build a Bayesian network, they are often impressed with the intuitive graphical structures that capture their causal understanding. This favorable impression evaporates on proceeding to parameterization. Conditional probability tables (CPT) require parameters for often hundreds of very similar scenarios and specifying them in the absence of data can be overwhelming. The problem is even more severe when eliciting parameters from experts with limited time. Often, there is local structure with fewer parameters that better describes the relationship. Such structures include the Noisy OR, decision trees, and equations. These work well for modelers, but can be an issue for experts and particularly groups of experts. An alternative approach is to elicit only a few CPT rows and interpolate the remainder. This is a promising approach, as it can handle unknown structures and multiple experts, but existing techniques can be limited. Here, we present a flexible approach called InterBeta for performing CPT interpolation with ordered nodes. In the simplest case, just two CPT rows are needed, but this can be easily augmented with further information. The basic approach assumes input independence, but allows dependencies to be reintroduced as required, and can also be combined with other local structures such as decision trees or equations, leaving the interpolator to fill in the gaps. We explain the InterBeta method, describe its capabilities and limitations and how it compares to similar approaches and show how it can trade‐off elicitation effort against faithfully representing expert understanding.
Residents’ information seeking behavior and protective action for earthquake hazards in The Portland Oregon Metropolitan Area
Authors: C. MacPherson‐Krutsky Carson , Lindell Michael K. , D. Brand Brittany 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThough significant research exists on earthquake hazard adjustment adoption more generally, research focused on how information seeking influences planned or actual preparedness behavior is rare, limiting our understanding of how information seeking translates into preparedness. To address this gap, our study tests a proposed model of household seismic hazard adjustment using questionnaire responses of roughly 400 households living in the Portland, OR metropolitan region. The proposed model includes components of the Protective Action Decision Model (PADM) with specific emphasis on past information seeking behavior, preparedness behavior, intentions to seek information, and intentions to take protective action. Other components include risk perception, earthquake experience, affective response, seismic risk zone residency, and demographics. Consistent with previous research, this study finds information seeking behavior to be the strongest influence on preparedness with other important influences being risk perception, affective response, and intentions to prepare. We find weak ties between risk zone residency and earthquake risk perception, though this may be because our sample has little experience with earthquakes and the majority live in the same earthquake risk zones. Importantly, longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether information seeking and intentions to prepare eventually result in household protective action.
Hemodiafiltration in the pediatric population
Authors: de Zan Francesca , Schmitt Claus Peter , Shroff Rukshana 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHemodiafiltration (HDF) is increasingly adopted as a safe and effective treatment compared to conventional hemodialysis (HD) in children. We describe the outcomes of prospective observational studies in children on HDF versus HD showing that HDF was associated with an attenuation of the cardiovascular risk profile, improved blood pressure control, reduced inflammation, improved bone health and growth, and most importantly, an improved health‐related quality of life.
Evaluation of the superior and inferior labial musculomucosal flaps in cats: An angiographic study and case series
Authors: Canever Laura E. , Degner Daniel A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the angiosomes of the superior and inferior labial arteries in the cat and describe the use of a musculomucosal axial pattern flap incorporating each artery for reconstruction of palatal defects in cats.Study designCadaveric study and a series of two clinical cases.Sample populationFive feline cadavers and two client‐owned cats.MethodsThe common carotid arteries of five feline cadavers were injected with barium sulfate. Radiographs of excised tissue specimens were examined to map the location of the superior and inferior labial arteries and to visualize each angiosome available for an axial pattern flap. Labial musculomucosal flaps were utilized to reconstruct palatal defects in two live cats.ResultsThe superior and inferior labia were predominantly perfused by the superior and inferior labial arteries, respectively, and the angiosome of each artery encompassed the majority of its respective labium. Comparative positive contrast angiograms revealed the vascular supply was located within the musculomucosal layer. Reconstruction of recurrent palatal defects utilizing musculomucosal flaps based on these angiosomes in two clinical cases was successful with complete survival of the flaps.ConclusionThe upper and lower lips were found to have robust vascular supplies within the musculomucosal layer which can support musculomucosal axial pattern flaps.Clinical significanceThis information provides the veterinary surgeon with additional surgical options for reconstruction of central and caudal palatal defects in the cat.