bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on selection of abrasive grain size and cutting parameters when grinding of interrupted surface using aluminum oxide grinding wheel with ceramic binder
Authors: Trung Do Duc , Ha Le Dang 
Published: January 2022

In this article, a study on intermittent surface grinding using aluminum oxide grinding wheel with ceramic binder is presented. The testing material is 20XH3A steel (GOST standard – Russian Federation). The testing sample has been sawn 6 grooves, with the width of each groove of 10 mm, the grooves are evenly distributed on the circumference of sample. The testing sample resembles a splined shaft. An experimental matrix of nine experiments has been built by Taguchi method, in which abrasive grain size, workpiece speed, feed rate and depth of cut were selected as input variables. At each experiment, surface roughness (Ra) and roundness error (RE) have been measured. Experimental results show that the aluminum oxide and ceramic binder grinding wheels are perfectly suitable for grinding intermittent surface of 20XH3A steel. Data Envelopment Analysis based Ranking (DEAR) method has been used to solve the multi-objective optimization problem. The results also showed that in order to simultaneously ensure minimum surface roughness and RE, abrasive grain size is 80 mesh, workpiece speed is 910 rpm, feed rate is 0.05 mm/rev and depth of cut is 0.01 mm. If evaluating the grinding process through two criteria including surface roughness and RE, depth of cut is the parameter having the greatest effect on the grinding process, followed by the influence of feed rate, workpiece speed, and abrasive grain is the parameter having the least effect on the grinding process. In addition, the effect of each input parameter on each output parameter has also been analyzed, and orientations for further works have also been recommended in this article
Method for predicting the dissemination of hazardous substances in the soil during long-term storage of galvanic waste
Authors: Tretiakova Larisa , Mitiuk Liudmyla , Panasiuk Igor , Rebuel Elina 
Published: January 2022

The problem of production waste storage in open areas of an enterprise with a galvanic shop for the production of chips and microchips has been investigated. The composition of the sludge obtained after sewage treatment of the production of the copper line was investigated.
The aim of the article is to develop a mathematical model for predicting the distribution of compounds with heavy metals in the soil during long-term storage of galvanic sludge in open areas. Modeling the process of movement of salts from the earth's surface into the lower layers of the aeration zone occurs according to the laws of molecular diffusion. The method is developed on the basis of a mathematical model that makes it possible to estimate the spread over the depth of the ground and level of soil salinity over time using initial information about soil structure and its characteristics (molecular diffusion coefficient, volume humidity), annual volumes and conditions of sludge storage in the enterprise. Restrictions are set: the presence of harmful substances on the soil surface with a concentration that exceeds the permissible level; inadmissibility of harmful substances to aquifers.
The practical use of the method made it possible to identify the main dangers during long-term storage of galvanic waste in open areas. The dynamics of soil salinity levels and the depth of penetration of heavy metals increase over twenty years of conservation has been determined, as well as the possibility of hazardous compounds entering groundwater has been assessed.
Polyvinyl chloride packaging has a maximum life span of 15 years. Waste should not be stored in packages and in closed areas for more than 10 years. According to the prediction results, it can be stated that storage in landfills of galvanic waste for more than 15 years leads to significant salinization of the soil and creates conditions for an emergency situation, which is caused by harmful substances entering the water horizons.
Recommendations for improving storage conditions are given and the need for recycling of industrial waste is substantiated
Assessment of surface water management institutions: a case of public irrigation schemes in northern Algeria
Authors: Oulmane Amine , Kechar Abdelhadi , Benmihoub Ahmed , Amine Benmehaia M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The pressure on water resources that Algeria encounters is due to the scarcity and the water demand increase by different sectors of activity. This induces managers to reconsider the traditional supply management approach. The new water policies aim to adopt water demand management by improving the efficiency of its use in the agricultural sector, which consumes more than 59% of freshwater withdrawals. Economic, regulatory, and voluntary instruments have been adopted for better governance of water resources. This study aims to (i) define institutional arrangements on the exploitation of surface water in large irrigation schemes in Algeria and (ii) assess the effectiveness of the current water management instruments. Findings from farmers’ and water distribution agencies’ surveys suggest that objectives expected by the application of the different economic instruments are far from being achieved. Moreover, the absence of effective executive agencies for the implementation of regulations suggests that an improvement in the performance of public administration is necessary to achieve better governance of irrigation water in Algeria. At the local level, and despite a lack of farmers’ will to formally engage in a collective of farmers, they organize themselves around informal arrangements to overcome the challenges associated with water scarcity.
USO DE BIOCARBÓN EN EL BALANCE DE NITRÓGENO EN SUELOS ALUVIALES DE SAN RAMÓN / CHANCHAMAYO / PERÚ
Authors: Leveau Mariela , Dumler Sebastian , Anaya De La Rosa Ruy , Alegre Julio , Ladd Brenton 
Published: January 2022

En el Perú se ha incrementado en las últimas décadas el uso intensivo de fertilizantes nitrogenados en los cultivos anuales y perennes. Estos fertilizantes son rápidamente disponibles para las plantas al convertirse en nitratos, incrementando los rendimientos. Sin embargo, los abonos nitrogenados son muy volátiles y se pierden rápidamente también por lixiviación. Este nitrógeno (N) perdido implica costos económicos y también conlleva a problemas ambientales como la eutrofización. El biocarbón ha sido propuesto como una solución a estos problemas, pero se tienen pocas investigaciones sobre el tema en el Perú. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la aplicación de biocarbón en el rendimiento de maíz y el balance de nitrógeno en suelos (Entisoles con deposición aluvial) en San Ramón (Perú). Se produjo biocarbón a partir de residuos verdes y estiércol de cerdo. El diseño de la investigación consideró cinco tratamientos: control (T1), 7 t·ha-1 de estiércol de cerdo (T2), 17.5 t·ha-1 de biocarbón (T3), 23 t·ha-1 de biocarbón con ajuste de pH (T4), y 17.5 t·ha-1 de biocarbón con ajuste de pH y de relación C/N (T5). Los resultados demostraron que los tratamientos T1 y T2 obtuvieron los rendimientos de maíz más bajos, con una producción promedio de 0.41 y 2.45 t·ha-1, respectivamente. El tratamiento T5 produjo el mayor rendimiento de maíz alcanzando una producción de 5.71 t·ha-1. Sólo se encontró diferencia significativa en el rendimiento de los tratamientos T1 y T5 (p = 0.011). Los porcentajes de eficiencia de uso del nitrógeno (EUN), definida como el porcentaje de N aplicado que estaba disponible para ser absorbido por el cultivo o retenido en el suelo, fueron mayores para los tratamientos T3, T4 y T5 con 28, 28 y 56% de eficiencia, respectivamente, en comparación a los tratamientos T1 y T2. Asimismo, los tratamientos con biocarbón T3, T4 y T5 produjeron menores pérdidas de nitrógeno en comparación con los tratamientos T1 y T2. Esta investigación concluyó que las enmiendas con biocarbón tienen efectos positivos en el rendimiento del cultivo del maíz mientras limitan la pérdida de nitrógeno.
Estrategias conceptistas en la configuración del sujeto colonial criollo en el apologético de Juan de Espinosa Medrano
Authors: Anchante Arias Jim Alexander 
Published: January 2022

El presente artículo es un análisis de las estrategias conceptistas que emplea el clérigo y literato cusqueño Juan de Espinosa Medrano (1639?-1688), mejor conocido como el "Lunarejo", en su defensa de la poesía de Góngora, el Apologético en favor de don Luis de Góngora. Para ello vamos a reflexionar primero sobre la nociónconceptista de "ingenio" y sus estrategias en el contexto barroco, y cómo las mismas influyen en la representación del sujeto criollo durante el proceso de la colonia hispanoamericana con el objetivo de validad su discurso de la subalternidad en el marco de la interacción con la metrópoli española.
Consideraciones ética sobre la identidad humana: desde la filosofía de Martin Buber. Aplicación a un caso de marginación
Authors: Ortiz Coronado Eduardo Flavio 
Published: January 2022

El presente artículo es una paroximación ética al proceso de configuración de la identidad en el caso particular de personas marginadas, utilizando la perspectiva de la filosofía dialógica de Martin Buber, para quien estas nos e comprenden a sí mismas sino en la dinámica de intercambios con los otros significativos. En tal sentido, este documento centra su atención en el desarrollo de la relacionalidad humana o dimensión afectiva, expresada en uno de los elementos primordiales de la identidad, como es la sexualidad.
A Comprehensive Analysis Structure for the Design of Masonry Arches
Authors: Stockdale Gabriel , Milani Gabriele 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Structural masonry framing has the potential to be an advantageous design technique for new constructions. The realization of this potential requires both design modernizations and accessible analysis methodologies. The focus and understanding of masonry frames have been directed towards the management and preservation of cultural heritage. This has resulted in an assessment approach to the analysis and duality of the term “masonry” to describe both a material and a method of construction.

Objectives:
The objective of this work is to differentiate masonry as a method and masonry as a material and to use this differentiation to present a comprehensive method-based analysis structure for masonry arches that is formulated around the need to control and optimize the system.

Methods:
This work presents an analysis approach that defines and utilizes kinematic equilibrium to establish determinant systems. This is achieved through the inclusion of a loading variable to a defined mechanical condition of the arch. The solution to the equilibrium equation sets is evaluated for admissibility through the examination of the thrust line and arch geometry. The simplified analysis is formulated into a simple software structure, a first-order assessment strategy, a characterization technique to link experiment and theory, and carried to dynamic modeling.

Results:
The results of the approach are the foundation and blueprint for a comprehensive, efficient, and adaptable structural analysis platform designed for the structural analysis of masonry frames.

Conclusion:
The developed analysis approach and supporting applications cover the base requirements for promoting the application of masonry frames for new constructions.
Barriers to Low Vision Services Among Optometrists in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alsaqr Ali M. 
Published: January 2022

Introduction:
This study identifies the barriers and challenges to the provision of low vision services among practicing optometrists in Saudi Arabia.

Methods:
In this study, a self-administered online structured survey for practicing optometrists was used. Responses were collected to understand the number and percentage of low vision service providers, level of awareness, and barriers to the provision of low vision services.

Results:
This study included 154 (79 females and 75 males) practicing optometrists. They were from the five regions of Saudi Arabia (23 cities). The age of the practitioners ranged from 22 to 54 years. They had Bachelor’s, Master’s, and Doctor of Philosophy degrees. Forty-four participants (30%) provided low vision services. The major barriers reported were lack of training (87%), lack of awareness about low vision services (76%), lack of availability of low vision devices (70%), lack of motivation (65%), low vision services being time-consuming (55%), being busy in providing general optometry (65%), and lack of financial sources (31%).

Conclusion:
Building an efficient model for low vision rehabilitation in Saudi Arabia is needed. Moreover, encouraging more optometrists to be involved in low vision rehabilitation is necessary. There is also a need for more low vision education, national health coverage of patients with low vision, and better collaboration between low vision service providers.
X-linked Retinoschisis Associated with Retinitis Punctata Albescens Caused by a Mutation in the RS1 Gene: A Family Study
Authors: de Borja Domínguez-Serrano Francisco , Soto-Sierra Marina , González-del Pozo María , Morillo-Sánchez María José , Ramos-Jiménez Manuel , López-Domínguez Mireia , Ponte-Zuñiga Beatriz , Antiñolo-Gil Guillermo , Rodríguez de la Rúa-Franch Enrique 
Published: January 2022

Purpose:
To describe the clinical and genetic characteristics (mutation in RS1 gene) of a Spanish family with X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS) associated with retinitis punctata albescens (RPA).

Methods:
The detailed ophthalmological examination included best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), colour and autofluorescence photography, fluorescein angiography, optical coherence tomography and electrophysiology tests. A next-generation sequencing (NGS) strategy was applied to the index patient, and then sequenced in an Illumina NextSeq500 system. Candidate variants considered to be disease-causing in the patient were confirmed and segregated in the family by Sanger sequencing.

Results:
We have studied three siblings of 54, 59 and 50 years old. Two of them presented with macular foveoschisis and a whitish mottling of the pigment epithelium in the peripheral and equatorial retina, while the other had macular atrophy. Electroretinography revealed a reduced b-wave, while a-wave remained unchanged. Mutation in RS1 (c.98G>A; p.Trp33*) was identified as the cause of the disease.

Conclusion:
XLRS is a genetic disease that leads to irreversible visual loss. We describe an unusual phenotype manifestation of a known mutation.
Unusual Intracranial Manifestation of Infective Endocarditis
Authors: Bele Keerthiraj , Ullal Sonali , Mahale Ajit , Rani Sriti 
Published: January 2022

Objective:
The mycotic aneurysm is a rare intracranial pathology seen with pre-existing infective endocarditis. It has a high mortality rate due to its risk of rupture and needs early diagnosis and treatment.

Methods:
A 23-year male patient who presented with infective endocarditis subsequently developed a left parietal-temporal intracranial haemorrhage with suspicion of aneurysm after the course of antibiotic treatment as seen on Computed Tomography (CT) scan. Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) revealed a ruptured fusosaccular aneurysm in the distal parietal branches of the left Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA), for which glue embolization of the distal parent artery and aneurysm was done.

Result:
The interventional endovascular procedure was done with complete obliteration of the distal parent artery, mycotic aneurysm, and normal filling of the left internal cerebral artery (ICA) branches.

Conclusion:
Mycotic intracranial aneurysms (MIA) are a rare form of cerebrovascular pathology which needs early diagnosis with endovascular intervention when rupture occurs.
Behaviour and Socioeconomic Factors of Undocumented Migrants Missing Antiretroviral Therapy Clinic Appointments in Limpopo Province
Authors: Lowane Mygirl Pearl , Lebese Rachel Tsakani 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Global migration is increasingly driven by socioeconomic and political unrest, raising a potentially challenging burden for healthcare systems. A significant group of non-South African citizens present in the country are undocumented migrants and have not restricted access to healthcare services.

Objectives:
This study explored the behaviour and socioeconomic factors of undocumented migrants missing Antiretroviral Therapy clinic appointments.

Methods:
A qualitative cross-sectional approach was used. Semi-structured interviews, observations, and document analysis of 17 undocumented migrants, who missed more than four appointments in the first 12 months since antiretroviral therapy initiation, were conducted. Thematic analysis and coding categorised the findings into themes. Reliability and validity were ensured through intercoder agreement, audio recording, triangulation, bracketing, and member checking.

Results:
The finding revealed that registering to more than one healthcare facility, self-transfer to another facility, and job hunting resulted in clients missing their scheduled appointments.

Conclusion:
The conclusion drawn from this study is that the Electronic Patient Management System must improve to control the number of clients missing clinic appointments.
Daur Ulang Limbah Gel Agarose untuk Efisiensi Reagen Elektroforesis
Authors: Rumbiwati Rumbiwati , Trimuratno Joko 
Published: January 2022

Penggunaan gel agarose dalam penelitian molekuler untuk melihat DNA dengan elektroforesis umumnya hanya digunakan sekali pakai. Sementara itu agarose merupakan bahan mahal dan perlu waktu lama dalam pemesanan. Pada penelitin ini peneliti mencoba mendaur ulang limbah gel agarose untuk digunakan kembali dalam elektroforesis agar penggunaan agarose lebih efisien.Ada beberapa metode daur ulang gel agarose, diantaranya dioven dengan suhu 60°C, gel akan berbentuk kering, dihaluskan dan ditimbang kembali jika akan digunakan. Metode lain gel disimpan dalam freezer hingga menjadi es. Perbedaan penelitian ini dengan penelitian yang lain adalah metode daur ulang gel agarose ini lebih sederhana. Gel agarose daur ulang disimpan dalam plastik, dimasukkan dalam kulkas suhu 4°C. Jika akan digunakan kembali gel agarose dipotong kecil-kecil dimasukkan dalam elermeyer, dipanaskan dengan suhu tinggi sekitar 190°C menggunakan microwave dalam waktu 2 menit. Metode daur ulang gel agarose ini dinilai lebih efisien karena tidak perlu lagi menimbang agarose dan menghemat pemakaian agarose baru serta mengurangi limbah laboratoriumBerdasarkan hasil penelitian dari 5 kali daur ulang gel agarose, elektroforesis dengan gel agarose daur ulang 1 kali menunjukkan gambar paling bagus yaitu pita DNA hasil PCR jelas dan sama dengan gambar elektroforesis menggunakan gel agarose baru (kontrol). Daur ulang ke 5 menunjukkan visualisasi gambar elektroforesis yang tidak jelas, sehingga dapat disimpulkan daur ulang gel agarose hanya bisa dilakukan 1 hingga 4 kali ulangan. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa daur ulang gel agarose dapat digunakan kembali untuk elektroforesis dengan hasil yang bagus, sesuai target yang diinginkan.
Metode Pengeringan Sari Pandan (Pandanus amaryllifolius) untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Bubuk Sari Pandan
Authors: Nurwanto Nurwanto 
Published: January 2022

Sari pandan merupakan hasil ekstraksi daun pandan. Sari pandan siap pakai yang beredar di Indonesia mayoritas berbentuk pasta, yang memiliki beberapa kelemahan, diantaranya mudah rusak, lengket, dan susah ditakar. Pembuatan sari pandan dalam bentuk bubuk diharapkan dapat meningkatkan mutu sari pandan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pengeringan spray drying dan pengeringan vakum. Pengujian kadar air menunjukkan bahwa sari pandan yang dibuat dengan metode spray drying memiliki kadar air yang lebih rendah daripada metode pengeringan vakum. Pengamatan sifat fisik sari pandan dalam kondisi siap pakai menunjukkan bahwa metode spray drying menghasilkan warna dan aroma sari pandan yang lebih kuat daripada metode pengeringan vakum. Uji organoleptik menunjukkan bahwa panelis lebih menyukai warna dan aroma sari pandan yang dibuat dengan metode spray drying. Pandan extracts is made from pandan leaves. The majority of ready-to-use pandan extracts in Indonesia are in the form of pasta which has several disadvantages, including perishable, sticky, and hard to be measured. Pandan extract in powder form is expected to improve the quality of the pandan extract. The method used in this study are spray drying and vacuum drying. Water content analysis shows that pandan extract made by spray drying method has a lower moisture content than the vacuum drying method. Observation of the physical properties of pandan extract in ready-to-use form showed that the spray drying method produced stronger color and aroma than the vacuum drying method. Organoleptic tests showed that panelists preferred the color and aroma of pandan extract made using the spray drying method.
Legea nr. 167/2020 sau cum nu trebuie înfăptuită legiferarea. (I) Contravenția de hărțuire morală la locul de muncă
Authors: Mogîrzan Emanoil-Corneliu 
Published: January 2022

Vom examina noutățile aduse de Legea nr. 167/2020, prin raportare la cadrul legal de la data adoptării și la exemple din dreptul comparat. Nucleul actului normativ îl constituie prevederile privind contravenția de hărțuire morală la locul de muncă, asupra cărora ne vom concentra în această primă parte a studiului nostru.
Inițiativa legiuitorului de a proteja victimele unui fenomen social cu urmări grave, care se manifestă mai ales în aria muncii, este de lăudat. Salutăm de asemenea faptul că noua noțiune de hărțuire morală nu impune dovedirea unui criteriu de discriminare, întrucât comportamentul este vătămător indiferent de motivația hărțuitorului. Ceea ce începe să pară un discurs encomiastic se oprește însă aici. Imediat ce intrăm în analiza dispozițiilor care ar fi trebuit să combată hărțuirea morală, constatările sunt majoritar negative. Descrierea legală a faptei conține formulări incoerente, chiar contradictorii; pe de altă parte, unele sunt prea înguste pentru a proteja eficient țintele hărțuirii, iar altele, inutile. Regimul special al probei este redactat în mod deficitar, iar cea mai surprinzătoare este omisiunea parlamentului de a identifica o autoritate competentă să aplice sancțiunile prevăzute.