bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fatty acid profile, secondary compounds and antioxidant activities in the fresh forage, hay and silage of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) and sulla (Hedysarum coronarium)
Authors: Rufino‐Moya Pablo José , Bertolín Juan Ramón , Blanco Mireia , Lobón Sandra , Joy Margalida 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundSainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) and sulla (Hedysarum coronarium) are forage legumes usually preserved to optimize their utilization as feedstuffs. However, the method of preservation modifies the chemical composition differently in both legume species. Secondary compounds (such as proanthocyanidins, fatty acids, carotenoids and tocopherols) present in forages affect the quality of animal products. Therefore, the effect of preservation on the contents of secondary compounds should be investigated. Accoridngly, samples of sainfoin and sulla were directly freeze‐dried (fresh), dried at ambient temperature (hay) and vacuum‐packaged for 82 days (silage).ResultsIn both legumes, the total fatty acid and C18:3 n‐3 contents decreased and C16:0 increased with preservation (P < 0.001), with a greater effect for the hays than for the silages. For both legumes, the lutein, neoxanthin and violaxanthin contents decreased to a greater extent in the silages than in the hays (P < 0.001). Both hays exhibited the lowest β‐carotene concentrations (P < 0.001). The α‐tocopherol contents decreased in hays, but not in silages, compared to the fresh forages of both legumes (P < 0.001). The antioxidant activities were lower in the silages than in the hays and fresh forages (P < 0.001) and were very strongly related to the contents of polyphenols and proanthocyanidins (P < 0.001).ConclusionHaymaking affected the fatty acid, carotenoid and α‐tocopherol contents to a greater extent but had a lesser effect on the antioxidant activities than silage‐making, which were very strongly related to their contents of polyphenols and proanthocyanidins. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Identifying trend shifts in vegetation greenness in China from 1982 to 2015
Authors: Jiang Ping , Ding Wen‐guang , Yuan Ye , Hu Liequn , Ye Weifeng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractUnderstanding vegetation evolution is critical for exploring changes in terrestrial ecosystems and identifying future challenges. However, analyses that simultaneously examine trend shifts in vegetation greenness at the national, regional, biome, and pixel scales in China are still rare. Using long‐term (1982–2015) satellite data and the breaks for additive season and trend (BFAST) technique, we identified breakpoints in normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) in China. The results showed that the annual mean NDVI gradually increased. A total of 68.8% of the vegetated area exhibited upward trends in NDVI, most of which was distributed in Southeast China and the Loess Plateau. Changes in NDVI trends occurred in 78.7% of the total vegetated areas, while hotspots were concentrated in Northwest and North China. A rapid increase in breakpoints was detected after 1999, mainly concentrated in North and Northwest China, and corresponding to the times and areas with the highest ecological engineering efforts. Positive shifts in NDVI trends were more common and generally distributed on the eastern side of the Hu Huanyong line, while browning (negative) shifts were mainly distributed on the western side and were gradually expanding, indicating a possible tendency toward environmental degradation. Although unstable vegetation areas that underwent land cover type changes had higher frequencies of breakpoints, the proportion of stable vegetation experiencing NDVI trend shifts was higher after 2000, probably because human intervention buffered external disturbances in unstable areas. Identifying hotspot areas of shifts in vegetation greenness can help setting priorities when taking measures for ecosystem conservation, thus provide scientific reference for sustainable land development.
Stenting versus balloon dilatation in patients with tracheal benign stenosis: The STROBE trial
Authors: Marchioni Alessandro , Andrisani Dario , Tonelli Roberto , Andreani Alessandro , Cappiello Gaia Francesca , Ori Margherita , Gozzi Filippo , Bruzzi Giulia , Nani Chiara , Feminò Raimondo , Manicardi Linda , Baroncini Serena , Mattioli Francesco , Fermi Matteo , Fantini Riccardo , Tabbì Luca , Castaniere Ivana , Presutti Livio , Clini Enrico 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundIt is well known that benign tracheal stenosis represents an obstacle to open surgery, and that its treatment could be challenging. Two endoscopic techniques have so far been adopted to restore tracheal patency: balloon dilatation (BA) through laryngoscopy, and tracheal stenting (ST) with rigid bronchoscopy. The main objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of BA and ST to treat benign tracheal stenosis not eligible for surgery. We also compared the rate of adverse events in the two treatment groups.MethodsA retrospective, observational cohort study was carried out at the University Hospital of Modena (Italy) from November 2012 to November 2017 in two separate departments. Patients were considered to be “stabilized” (primary outcome) if they did not report significant respiratory symptoms, or restenosis in the long‐term (2 years) following the endoscopic procedure.ResultsSixty‐six patients were included in the study (33 in the BA and 33 in the ST group, respectively). Unadjusted Kaplan–Meier estimates showed a greater therapeutic effect of ST compared to BA at 2 years (hazard ratio = 3.9 95%CI [1.5–9.8], p = .01). After adjusting for confounders, stratified analyses showed that this effect was significant in patients with complex stenosis, idiopathic etiology, and degree of stenosis >70%. Compared with BA, ST showed a higher rate of adverse events (p = .01).ConclusionsCompared to BA, ST seems to be more effective in achieving stabilization of tracheal patency in complex benign tracheal stenosis, although burdened with a significantly higher number of adverse effects. These findings warrant future prospective study for confirmation.Level of evidence: 3.
Applying empirical dynamic modeling to distinguish abiotic and biotic drivers of population fluctuations in sympatric fishes
Authors: Wasserman Ben A. , Rogers Tanya L. , Munch Stephan B. , Palkovacs Eric P. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFluctuations in the population abundances of interacting species are widespread. Such fluctuations could be a response to abiotic factors, biotic interactions, or a combination of the two. Correctly identifying the drivers is critical for effective population management. However, such effects are not always static in nature. Nonlinear relationships between abiotic factors and biotic interactions make it difficult to parse true effects. We used a type of nonlinear forecasting, empirical dynamic modeling, to investigate the context‐dependent species interaction between a common fish (three‐spine stickleback) and an endangered one (northern tidewater goby) in a fluctuating environment: a central California bar‐built estuary. We found little evidence for competition, instead both species largely responded independently to abiotic conditions. Stickleback were negatively affected by sandbar breaching. The strongest predictor of tidewater goby abundance was stickleback abundance; however, this effect was not a uniform negative effect of stickleback on goby as would be hypothesized under interspecific competition. The effect of stickleback on gobies was positive, though it was temporally restricted. Tidewater goby abundance in the summer was strongly positively correlated to stickleback abundance in the spring, which represents an offset in the reproductive and recruitment peaks in the two species that may help minimize competition and promote coexistence. Our study demonstrates how empirical dynamic modeling can be applied to understand drivers of population abundance in putative competitors and inform management for endangered species.
How long can the sperm wait? Effect of incubation time on ICSI outcomes
Authors: Torra‐Massana Marc , Quintana‐Vehí Andreu , Barragán Montserrat , Bellido Raquel , Rodríguez Amelia , Vassena Rita 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn sperm processing for IVF/ICSI incubation times differ considerably both between and within assisted reproduction facilities. There is no established consensus on the optimal sperm incubation timings to maximize pregnancy rates, and the few studies addressing this association rely on manual and operator‐dependent methods for time recording. The present retrospective cohort study includes 1169 ICSI cycles using fresh semen processed by swim‐up. An operator‐independent, radiofrequency‐based system was used to record sperm incubation times: from sample collection to swim‐up (T1, 0.35 ± 0.26); from swim‐up to ICSI (T2, 3.30 ± 2.2); and total time from sample collection to ICSI (T, 3.66 ± 2.26). In oocyte donation cycles, we observed a significant negative effect of T1 on fertilization rate (FR; generalized linear modelling regression, coeff. −0.20, p = 0.001); however, after analysing all times by deciles and by adjusted logistic regression, none of the time intervals had a significant effect on pregnancy (biochemical, clinical, and ongoing) and live birth (LB) rates (p > 0.05 for all outcomes). In cycles using the patient's oocytes, we observed a negative effect of T2 (ordinal regression, coeff. −0.25, p = 0.011) and T (−0.33, p = 0.005) on the mean morphological score of the embryo cohort. In these cycles, a trend associating longer values of T with higher LB rates was identified (OR = 1.47, p = 0.050), although this difference is likely not clinically significant. In conclusion, while longer sperm incubation in vitro may impact slightly both FRs and embryo morphology after ICSI, no adverse effects were detected on the reproductive outcomes.
Application of ethylene‐regulating packaging in post‐harvest fruits and vegetables storage: A review
Authors: Zhang Haozheng , Han Miaomiao , Xie Yao , Wang Mengjun , Cao Chongjiang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEthylene is a key hormone to promote the ripening of fruits and vegetables (F&V). It is detrimental to the transportation, storage, and sale of F&V. In order to control the maturation of F&V and reduce their losses, many ethylene‐regulating packaging (ERP) have been developed. In this review, we first introduced the synthesis pathway of ethylene. Next, we divided ERP into four categories: ethylene‐degrading packaging, ethylene‐adsorbing packaging, modified atmosphere packaging, and bioactive packaging according to the way of regulating ethylene, clarifying the regulation mechanism and characteristics of various types of packaging. Finally, we predicted the future development direction of ERP.
Local influence analysis for the sliced average third‐moment estimation
Authors: Rao Weidong , Liu Xiaofei , Chen Fei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSliced average third‐moment estimation (SATME) is a typical method for sufficient dimension reduction (SDR) based on high‐order conditional moment. It is useful, particularly in the scenarios of regression mixtures. However, as SATME uses the third‐order conditional moment of the predictors given the response, it may not as robust as some other SDR methods that use lower order moments, say, sliced inverse regression (SIR) and slice average variance estimation (SAVE). Based on the space displacement function, a local influence analysis framework of SATME is constructed including a statistic of influence assessment for the observations. Furthermore, a data‐trimming strategy is suggested based on the above influence assessment. The proposed methodologies solve a typical issue that also exists in some other SDR methods. A real‐data analysis and simulations are presented.
Advances in Flexible Metallic Transparent Electrodes
Authors: Nguyen Viet Huong , Papanastasiou Dorina T. , Resende Joao , Bardet Laetitia , Sannicolo Thomas , Jiménez Carmen , Muñoz‐Rojas David , Nguyen Ngoc Duy , Bellet Daniel 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTransparent electrodes (TEs) are pivotal components in many modern devices such as solar cells, light‐emitting diodes, touch screens, wearable electronic devices, smart windows, and transparent heaters. Recently, the high demand for flexibility and low cost in TEs requires a new class of transparent conductive materials (TCMs), serving as substitutes for the conventional indium tin oxide (ITO). So far, ITO has been the most used TCM despite its brittleness and high cost. Among the different emerging alternative materials to ITO, metallic nanomaterials have received much interest due to their remarkable optical‐electrical properties, low cost, ease of manufacturing, flexibility, and widespread applicability. These involve metal grids, thin oxide/metal/oxide multilayers, metal nanowire percolating networks, or nanocomposites based on metallic nanostructures. In this review, a comparison between TCMs based on metallic nanomaterials and other TCM technologies is discussed. Next, the different types of metal‐based TCMs developed so far and the fabrication technologies used are presented. Then, the challenges that these TCMs face toward integration in functional devices are discussed. Finally, the various fields in which metal‐based TCMs have been successfully applied, as well as emerging and potential applications, are summarized.
Lack of association between bridging integrator 1 (BIN1) rs744373 polymorphism and tau‐PET load in cognitively intact older adults
Authors: Schaeverbeke Jolien , Luckett Emma S , Gabel Silvy , Reinartz Mariska , De Meyer Steffi , Cleynen Isabelle , Sleegers Kristel , Van Broeckhoven Christine , Bormans Guy , Serdons Kim , Van Laere Koen , Dupont Patrick , Vandenberghe Rik ,   and the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative**
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe bridging integrator 1(BIN1) rs744373 risk polymorphism has been linked to increased [18F]AV1451 signal in non‐demented older adults (ie., mild cognitive impairment [MCI] plus cognitively normal [CN] individuals). However, the association of BIN1 with in vivo tau, amyloid beta (Aβ) burden, and cognitive impairment in the asymptomatic stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unknown.MethodsThe BIN1 effect on [18F]AV1451 binding was evaluated in 59 cognitively normal (CN) participants (39% apolipoprotein E [APOE ε4]) from the Flemish Prevent AD Cohort KU Leuven (F‐PACK), as well as in 66 Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) CN participants, using voxelwise and regional statistics. For comparison, 52 MCI patients from ADNI were also studied.ResultsForty‐four percent of F‐PACK participants were BIN1 rs744373 risk‐allele carriers, 21% showed high amyloid burden, and 8% had elevated [18F]AV1451 binding. In ADNI, 53% and 50% of CNs and MCIs, respectively, carried the BIN1 rs744373 risk‐allele. Amyloid positivity was present in 23% of CNs and 51% of MCIs, whereas 2% of CNs and 35% of MCIs showed elevated [18F]AV1451 binding. There was no significant effect of BIN1 on voxelwise or regional [18F]AV1451 in F‐PACK or ADNI CNs, or in the pooled CN sample. No significant association between BIN1 and [18F]AV1451 was obtained in ADNI MCI patients. However, in the MCI group, numerically higher [18F]AV1451 binding was observed in the BIN1 risk‐allele group compared to the BIN1 normal group in regions corresponding to more progressed tau pathology.DiscussionWe could not confirm the association between BIN1 rs744373 risk‐allele and elevated [18F]AV1451 signal in CN older adults or MCI. Numerically higher [18F]AV1451 binding was observed, however, in the MCI BIN1 risk‐allele group, indicating that the previously reported positive effect may be confounded by group. Therefore, when studying how the BIN1 risk polymorphism influences AD pathogenesis, a distinction should be made between asymptomatic, MCI, and dementia stages of AD.
Treatment with glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists and incidence of dementia: Data from pooled double‐blind randomized controlled trials and nationwide disease and prescription registers
Authors: Nørgaard Caroline Holm , Friedrich Sarah , Hansen Charlotte Thim , Gerds Thomas , Ballard Clive , Møller Daniel Vega , Knudsen Lotte Bjerre , Kvist Kajsa , Zinman Bernard , Holm Ellen , Torp‐Pedersen Christian , Mørch Lina Steinrud 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionPeople with type 2 diabetes have increased risk of dementia. Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) receptor agonists (RAs) are among the promising therapies for repurposing as a treatment for Alzheimer's disease; a key unanswered question is whether they reduce dementia incidence in people with type 2 diabetes.MethodsWe assessed exposure to GLP‐1 RAs in patients with type 2 diabetes and subsequent diagnosis of dementia in two large data sources with long‐term follow‐up: pooled data from three randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled cardiovascular outcome trials (15,820 patients) and a nationwide Danish registry‐based cohort (120,054 patients).ResultsDementia rate was lower both in patients randomized to GLP‐1 RAs versus placebo (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.47 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.25–0.86) and in the nationwide cohort (HR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.86–0.93 with yearly increased exposure to GLP‐1 RAs).DiscussionTreatment with GLP‐1 RAs may provide a new opportunity to reduce the incidence of dementia in patients with type 2 diabetes.
PICaSSO virtual electronic chromendoscopy accurately reflects combined endoscopic and histological assessment for prediction of clinical outcomes in ulcerative colitis
Authors: Nardone Olga Maria , Bazarova Alina , Bhandari Pradeep , Cannatelli Rosanna , Daperno Marco , Ferraz Jose , Goetz Martin , Gui Xianyong , Hayee Bu , De Hertogh Gert , Lazarev Mark , Li Ji , Parra‐Blanco Adolfo , Pastorelli Luca , Panaccione Remo , Occhipinti Vincenzo , Rath Timo , Smith Samuel C. L. , Shivaji Uday N. , Tontini Gian Eugenio , Vieth Michael , Villanacci Vincenzo , Zardo Davide , Bisschops Raf , Kiesslich Ralf , Ghosh Subrata , Iacucci Marietta 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsA composite endoscopic‐histologic remission is increasingly explored as an important endpoint in ulcerative colitis (UC). We investigated combined endoscopic‐histologic remission for predicting clinical outcomes at 12 months compared with endoscopic remission alone using the high definition virtual chromoendoscopy (VCE) Paddington International virtual ChromoendoScopy ScOre (PICaSSO) and histology scores.MethodsUlcerative colitis patients, prospectively enrolled from 11 international centres, underwent VCE with targeted biopsies and followed up for 12 months. Endoscopic activity was assessed by Mayo Endoscopic Score (MES), Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index Severity (UCEIS) followed by VCE‐PICaSSO. Robarts Histopathological Index|Robarts Histological index≤3 without neutrophils in mucosa, and Nancy Histological index (NHI)≤ 1 were used to define histologic remission. Combined endoscopic‐histologic remission was compared with endoscopic remission alone by Cox proportional hazards model and by two‐ and three‐proportion analysis using pre‐specified clinical outcomes.Results307 patients were recruited and 302 analysed. There was no difference in survival without specified clinical outcomes between PICaSSO defined endoscopic remission alone and endoscopic plus histologic remission in the rectum (HR 0.42, 95%CI 0.16‐1.11 and HR 1.03, 95%CI 0.42‐2.52 for Robarts Histological index and NHI respectively) at 12 months. There was however a significant survival advantage without specified clinical outcome events for UCEIS combined with histology compared with UCEIS alone (HR 0.30, 95%CI 0.12‐0.75, p = 0.02) at 12 months (but not combined with NHI). For MES there was no advantage for predicting specified clinical outcomes at 12 months for endoscopy alone versus endoscopy plus histology, but there were differences in two and three proportion analysis at 6 months.ConclusionEndoscopic remission by VCE‐PICaSSO alone was similar to combined endoscopic and histologic remission for predicting specified clinical outcomes at 12 months. Larger studies with specific therapeutic interventions are required to further confirm the findings.
Curing inflammatory diseases using phosphorous dendrimers
Authors: Caminade Anne‐Marie , Turrin Cédric‐Olivier , Poupot Rémy 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDifferent types of water‐soluble phosphorous dendrimers have been synthesized and display many different biological properties. It has been shown in particular that phosphorous dendrimers of first generation functionalized with azabisphosphonate terminal functions are able to stimulate the human immune system ex vivo. These dendrimers are internalized by monocytes within a few seconds, and induce their anti‐inflammatory activation. The presence of the dendrimers induces also the inhibition of the differentiation of monocytes into osteoclasts, the maturation of dendritic cells, and inhibits the proliferation of the proinflammatory CD4+ T lymphocytes. Finally, after 2–3 weeks of culture of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, amplifications by several tens of natural killer cells is observed. In view of all these properties, the influence of these azabisphosphonate‐dendrimers has been tested in vivo with several animal models, against different chronic or acute inflammatory diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, uveitis, and psoriasis, but also against myeloid leukemia, a hematological cancer. The hematological safety has been demonstrated in mice, as there is no platelet aggregation, no hemolysis, and no disturbance in the hematological formula. The safety of the azabisphosphonate‐dendrimer has been assessed also with non‐human primates (cynomolgus monkeys) which received repeated injections, as a de‐risking pre‐clinical test. Biochemical, hematological, and all immunological parameters in peripheral blood remained within a normal physiological range throughout the study, and all survived well. Other phosphorous dendrimers also display anti‐inflammatory properties in vivo, in particular dendrimers functionalized with mannose derivatives, which prevent acute lung diseases when given orally (per os) to mice.This article is categorized under:
Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Neurological Disease