bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Performance Evaluation of a Deep Learning Lung Nodule Detection System
Authors: Katase Shichiro , Ichinose Akimichi , Hayashi Mahiro , Watanabe Masanaka , Chin Kinka , Takeshita Yuhei , Shiga Hisae , Tateishi Hidekatsu , Onozawa Shiro , Shirakawa Yuya , Yamashita Koji , Shudo Jun , Nakamura Keigo , Nakanishi Akihito , Kuroki Kazunori , Yokoyama Kenichi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths throughout the world. In screening and diagnosis of lung cancer, chest computed tomography (CT) is now widely used due to its effectiveness. Radiologists need to identify each small nodule shadow from 3D volume images, which is very burdensome and often results in missed nodules. To address these challenges, we developed a Computer-Aided Detection (CAD) system that automatically detects lung nodules in CT images.Methods: A total of 1,997 chest CT images were collected for algorithm development. The algorithm was designed using deep learning technology. In addition to evaluating detection performance on various public datasets, its robustness to changes in radiation dose was assessed by a phantom study. To investigate the clinical usefulness of the CAD system, a reader study was conducted with 10 doctors, including inexperienced and expert readers. In this study, whether using the CAD as a second reader would prevent nodular lesions in lungs that require follow-up examinations from being overlooked was investigated. Analysis was performed using the Jackknife Free-Response Receiver-Operating Characteristic (JAFROC).Results: The CAD system achieved sensitivity of 0.98/0.96 at 3.1/7.25 false positives per case on two public datasets. Sensitivity did not change within the range of practical doses for a study using a phantom. A second reader study showed that the use of this system significantly improved the detection ability of nodules that could be picked up clinically (p = 0.026).Conclusions: A deep learning-based CAD system that is robust to imaging conditions was developed, and it was found that using this system as a second reader increases detection performance.
Identification of risk factors for hypertension in overweight and obese people and analysis of risk factor interactions: An R-based analysis
Authors: Li LuWei , Cheng SiShuai , Xu GuoQuan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
This study identified the independent risk factors for hypertension in overweight and obese people and also analyzed the interaction between the risk factors.
Methods
A total of 5098 overweight and obese people were enrolled in this study. First, the clinical metabolic characteristics of hypertension and control groups were compared. The logistic regression (LR) and classification and regression trees (CRT)-based decision tree (DT) models were used to screen the independent risk factors for hypertension in overweight and obese people. The multiplicative and additive scale analyses were used to analyze the two risk factors with interaction from the perspective of statistics and biological interaction. Finally, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and calibration curves were used to analyze the accuracy and identification ability of the LR and DT models.
Results
Age, UA, FPG, SBP, Cr, AST, TG, and FPG were higher in the hypertension group than in the control group (P < 0.05). The results of LR revealed that NAFLD, FPG, age, TG, LDL-c, UA, and Cr were positively correlated with hypertension in overweight and obese people, and GFR was negatively correlated with hypertension in overweight and obese people (P < 0.05). The DT model suggested that the risk factors of age, FPG, and UA interacted with each other. The multiplicative single and multiple factor analysis for FPG + UA, age + UA, age + FPG revealed a positive multiplicative interaction (P < 0.05, B ≠ 0, OR > 1). The additive single and multiple factor analysis for age + UA indicated a positive additive interaction. The ROC and calibration curve analysis indicated that the CRT decision tree, FPG + UA, age + UA, and age + FPG have certain accuracy and discrimination ability.
Conclusion
The independent risk factors for hypertension in overweight and obese people included NAFLD, FPG, age, TG, LDL-c, UA, and Cr. Among these, age + UA exhibited synergistic interaction, thereby providing a reference for the prevention and control of hypertension in overweight and obese people.
Covid 19 Infection in Patients with Rheumatic Immune-Mediated Diseases in a Single University Hospital. Matched Case-Control Study and Literature Review.
Authors: Martínez-López David , Ferraz-Amaro Ivan , Prieto-Peña Diana , Sánchez-Bilbao Lara , Herrero-Morant Alba , Alvarez-Reguera Carmen , Benavides-Villanueva Fabricio , Corrales-Selaya Cristina , Trigueros-Vázquez Martín , Gonzalez-Gay Miguel A. , Blanco Ricardo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: COVID19 may present different degrees of severity. Viral infections in patients with rheumatic inflammatory diseases (R-IMID) tend to present more severe disease. However, data comparing the severity of the disease between R-IMID and the general population are scarce.Objectives: To compare predisposing factors, clinical, serological features, and severity of COVID-19 infection in patients with and without R-IMID.Methods: Case-control study in a single University Hospital. We included all consecutive patients with a diagnosis of an R-IMID and COVID-19 infection up to March 31st, 2021. This cohort was compared with patients without R-IMID and not receiving immunosuppressive therapy matched for sex and age (± 5 years). Confirmed infection was defined if the patient had a positive nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2. COVID-19 severity was divided into mild, moderate, severe and critical according to the United States National Institute of Health (NIH) COVID-19 guidelines.Results: We included 274 R-IMID patients (185 women/89 men), mean age 59.1± 18 years. More frequent R-IMID were: Axial spondyloarthritis/ Psoriatic arthritis (32.5%), Rheumatoid arthritis (28.8%), Polymyalgia Rheumatica (8%) and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (8%). Hypertension and dyslipidemia were more frequent in patients with R-IMID. In the R-IMID group, dyspnea was more frequent. Although most of the cases were mild, critical cases and deaths were more frequent in R-IMID. When adjusted by comorbidities, no statistical differences were observed.Conclusion: R-IMID have a very similar clinical presentation when compared to the general population. There is a trend to an increased severity of the disease in patients with R-IMID.
Business As Usual Versus Climate-responsive, Optimised Crop Plans – Irrigated Agriculture in Australia in 2060
Authors: Lewis Andrew , Montgomery James , Lewis Max , Randall Marcus , Schiller Karin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Climate change is impacting people's lives, with food security being a major concern for the future of many countries. In this paper, production capacity of current crops in a case study area in Australia is evaluated under future climatic condition. The predictive methods, on which this work is based, have the advantage of being robust---they able to simultaneously consider many climate change models---giving greater confidence in determining what the future will hold in this regard. The results indicate business as usual, in terms of the quantity and types of crops that can be grown presently, will not be sustainable in the medium and long term future. Instead, modelling indicates that changes in production and land use to maximise revenue per megalitre of water will be needed to deliver climate-smart agriculture.
Influence of Phosphogypsum on The Performance of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) and Properties of Sodic Soil of Alage, Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia
Authors: Hasana Haile , Beyene Sheleme , Kifilu Alemayehu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Aims
Effect of phosphogypsum (PG) level and its application method on the performance of wheat and the chemical properties of sodic soils.
Methods
The field experiment was arranged as a split-plot design with three replications. Two methods of PG application (band and broadcast) were allocated as the main plot, and five PG levels (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200% GR) were randomly assigned as subplots. The experiments were repeated on plots and pots that were used for growing haricot beans using the same treatments and design. After two successive harvestings, soil samples (0–20 cm) were collected from each plot to compare treatment effects and analyzed for chemical properties.
Results
Results revealed that PG levels significantly reduced soil pH, ESP, and exchangeable Na+, whereas exchangeable Ca, SO4 − 2, and available P were significantly increased compared with control in both methods of PG application. Grain and straw yields, P uptake, and protein contents were also significantly increased with increasing levels of PG. However, yields were significantly decreased when growing the crop on plots and pots previously used for haricot beans. Yield reduction during the second growing might be due to the reduction of available P in the soil solution. Soil chemical properties and wheat yield better under band PG application than broadcasted plots.
Conclusions
The study showed that the PG amendment offers twin benefits in reclaiming the sodic soil and providing P and SO4 − 2 for growing crops. Repeating the experiment using higher levels of PG and at other sites on sodic soil is recommended to draw sound conclusions.
Radiation dose escalation for local advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with locally and/or regionally residual lesions after standard chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Jin Ting , Liu Nan-fang , Jin Qi-Feng , Hua Yong-Hong , Chen Xiao-Zhong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the effectiveness and toxicity of radiation dose escalation in treating local advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients (LA-NPCs) who have locally and/or regionally residual lesion(s) after standard treatment.
Methods and materials:
From November 2011 to November 2020, 259 LA-NPCs with residual local and/or regional lesion(s) after receiving induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (IC + CCRT) from our hospital were included. The total dose of primary radiotherapy (RT) was 68.1-74.25 Gy (median, 70.4 Gy). The boost doses were 4.0–18.0 Gy (median, 9 Gy), 1.8-2.0 Gy/fraction.
Results
Five-year local relapse-free survival (LRFS), regional relapse-free survival (RRFS), locoregional relapse-free survival (LRRFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), failure-free survival (FFS) and overall survival (OS) for all patients were 90.2%, 89.1%, 79.5%, 87.9%, 69.0%, 86.3%, respectively. LRRFS, DMFS, FFS, and OS in patients with age ≤ 65 versus > 65, plasma EBV-DNA ≤ 500 versus > 500, T1 − 2 versus T3 − 4, N0 − 1 versus N2 − 3, and stage III versus stage IV showed no statistically significant differences. The interval between primary RT and boost was not a prognostic factor for LRRFS, DMFS, FFS, and OS. Males had a lower 3-year FFS rate than females (72.9% vs. 83.7%, P = 0.024). LA-NPCs with locally and regionally residual lesion(s) had the worst 3-year DMFS and OS rates compared with locally or regionally residual lesion(s) (77.7% vs. 98.8% vs. 87.4%, P = 0.014; 75.9% vs. 94.5% vs. 82.4%, P = 0.002).
Conclusion
Boost radiation was an option for LA-NPCs with locally and/or regionally residual lesions after receiving IC + CCRT. It warrants further prospective study.
Left-Behind Experience, Sexual Practices and Reproductive Health: Results of a Large-Scale National Survey of University Students
Authors: Li Yiping , Cao Wenzhen , Hee Jiayi , Han Jiaqi , Colino Marla , Patel Avni , Tang Kun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Left-behind experience is a demographic issue caused by unbalanced distributions of social determinants that affect individuals’ wellbeing. While the number of adolescents with left-behind experiences has increased over the past decades, the understanding of the impacts of left-behind experiences on the sexual and reproductive health of Chinese adolescents is limited. To determine the associations between left-behind experience and sexual health, this study analyzed 54,485 responses in the 2022 China Family Planning Association National College Student Survey sponsored by the China Family Planning Association with descriptive analysis and multivariable regression modeling. Participants with left-behind experiences demonstrated a higher prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (OR: 2.11, 95% CI:1.78—2.49) and unintended pregnancies (OR: 1.51. 95%CI: 1.26—1.82) but a lower prevalence of reproductive health problems (OR: 0.95, 95% 0.91—0.99), induced abortion (OR: 0.5, 95% CI: 0.28—0.95), and contraception at their first sexual behavior (OR: 0.81, 95%CI: 0.72–0.9). The studying results indicate sexual health disparities between adolescents with left-behind experiences and their counterparts, suggesting that current sex education programs in China should be further implemented to promote adolescent sexual health and dimmish the gap of health inequities.
New management of surveillance in patients with baseline serrated polyps: a large single-center retrospective cohort study in China
Authors: Ye Xiangxi , Han Peiyi , Wu Zhijie , Cui Yun , Chen Yingxuan , Chen Chaofei , Gao Qinyan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Serrated polyps (SP) is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. Patients with SP history tend to have SP recurrence. However, the risk factors for metachronous polyps (MP) in those patients are not well established. Methods: Data of colonoscopy were retrospectively reviewed from October 2012 to October 2021. The pathology database, electronic medical records and telephone follow-up data were also observed. Results: A total of 906 patients were studied which consisted of 278 patients with MPs and 628 patients without. Multiplicity of polyps (OR 13.63;95% CI 8.80-21.75), older age (OR 5.71;95% CI 1.87-20.63), abdominal obesity (OR 2.46;95% CI 0.98-6.42), current smoker (OR 2.93;95% CI 1.15-7.83) and sedentary lifestyle (OR 1.41;95% CI 1.22-1.65) are significantly associated with the risk of MPs. Patients with baseline SP<10mm were more likely to develop higher or same risk-grade polyps (HSRGP) (P=0.0014). Patients with non-clinically significant SPs whether coexisted with adenoma or not developed HSRGPs while comparing to others (P<0.001).Conclusions: Total number of polyps, older age, sedentary behavior, abdominal obesity and smoking status contributed to the risk of MPs at surveillance colonoscopy. Patients with grade 1 SPs might require closer surveillance. SPs coexisting with conventional adenoma did not increase the risk of MPs but may increase the risk of developing HSRGPs.
An IoT and Cloud Enabled Smart Chair for Detection and Notification of Wrong Seating Posture
Authors: Kundaliya Brijesh , Patel Smit , Patel Jaanvi , Barot Parv , Hadia S. K. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Modern-day lifestyle is hugely dependent on the computers as most of the work is directly or indirectly controlled by them. Such machines are reducing the efforts of human beings and improving the human lifestyle by enhancing comfort in doing the work. This enhanced comfort however is making the humans inactive as they tend to sit in one place for many hours. The sitting posture plays a very important role in avoiding the injuries to spine and joints. It gets difficult for the person to know the correct posture while sitting on a chair. In the proposed work, a cloud-based IoT-enabled smart chair is proposed that continuously monitors the seating posture of a person and notifies the person about the wrong sitting position while simultaneously storing the data on the cloud. The database stored in the cloud helps medical doctors to analyze the root cause of the problem related to the spinal or joint. The proposed work equipped with sensors, microcontroller, and cloud-enabled technology offers seamless connectivity and notification thus making the system suitable for any kind of environment.
Gustave Roussy Immune score for predicting postoperative complications and non-cancer death in elderly patients with colon cancer
Authors: Tominaga Tetsuro , Nonaka Takashi , Oyama Shosaburo , Takamura Yuma , Hashimoto Shintaro , Shiraishi Toshio , Sawai Terumitsu , Nagayasu Takeshi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Gustave Roussy Immune (GRIm) score is prognostic marker in various cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between GRIm score and short- and long-term outcomes in elderly patients with colon cancer.
Methods
Patients aged ≥ 75 years who underwent colectomy between 2008 and 2019 were eligible in the study. Patients were divided into high GRIm (GRIm-H, score 1–3) and low GRIm (GRIm-L, score 0) groups.
Results
A total of 430 patients were enrolled (GRIm-H, n = 126; GRIm-L, n = 304). High GRIm score was an independent predictive factor for postoperative complications (odds ratio, 4.146; 95%CI, 2.536–6.777; p < 0.001). Median follow-up was 42 months (range, 1–160 months). Five-year relapse-free survival (GRIm-H, 79.3% vs. GRIm-L, 92.7%; p = 0.001), overall survival (76.0% vs. 92.2%, p = 0.001), and non-cancer-specific survival (84.7% vs. 94.6%, p = 0.003) were lower in the GRIm-H group. Multivariate analysis revealed high GRIm as an independent predictive factor for overall survival (hazard ratio, 2.875; 95%CI, 1.451–5.698; p = 0.002) and non-cancer-specific survival (hazard ratio, 3.650; 95%CI, 1.612–8.265; p = 0.001).
Conclusions
GRIm score is useful for predicting postoperative complications and non-cancer cause of death in elderly patients, and might be suitable as a surrogate marker for selecting candidates for surgery or perioperative treatment.
QGA-QGCNN:A model of Quantum Gate Circuit Neural Network optimized by Quantum Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Gong changqing , Zhu hongsheng , Gani Abdullah , Qi Han 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Using global optimization algorithm to optimize the initial weights and thresholds of traditional neural network model can effectively address the problems of premature convergence and lower accuracy. However, the shortcomings such as slower convergence speed and poor local search ability still exist. In order to solve these problems, a neural network model QGA-QGCNN using a Quantum Genetic Algorithm (QGA) to optimize Quantum Gate Circuit Neural Network (QGCNN) is proposed in this paper. In QGA-QGCNN, the initial parameters of QGCNN are optimized for the strong global optimization ability and faster convergence speed by using a QGA. In the proposed model, the normalized results of the predicted sample attributes are transformed into quantum states as the input of the network, and the quantum rotation gate is used to rotate the phase and control the reversal of the target qubits. Finally, the output of the network is obtained by entanglement of multiple qubits in the quantum Controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate. When dealing with more complex problems, the QGCNN model based on quantum computing has specific parallel computing capabilities and can give full play to its ability to blur uncertain problems, thereby improving detection performance. We use the authoritative 10% KDD-CUP99 data set in the field of network intrusion detection to conduct simulation experiments on the proposed QGA-QGCNN model. Experimental results show that the proposed intrusion detection model has lower false alarm rate and significantly accuracy compared to conventional attack detection models. And GQCNN optimized by QGA also improves the convergence performance of the model.
Measurements of the Density and Viscosity of Heavy Oil and Water- in-Oil Emulsions over a Wide Temperature Range
Authors: Sagdeev Damir I. , Khairutdinov Vener F. , Farakhov Mansur , Alyaev Valeriy A. , Gumerov Farid M. , Zaripov Zufar I. , Minkin Vladimir S. , Abdulagatov Ilmutdin M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Density and dynamic viscosity of extra viscous heavy crude oil and water-in-oil (W/O) suspensions based on Ashalchinskaya (Tatarstan, Russian Federation) oil have been measured as a function of temperature and concentration of water at atmospheric pressure. The measurements were made at temperatures from (293 to 463) for density and from (293 to 367) K for viscosity with various concentrations of water (from 0 to 30% volume fraction). Measurements were made using modified hydrostatic weighing for density and falling body techniques for viscosity. The combined expanded uncertainty of the density, viscosity, pressure, and temperature measurements at 0.95 confidence level with a coverage factor of k = 2 is estimated to be = 0.1 % and = 10 %, = .0 %, and = 0.02 K, respectively. The reliability and accuracy of the new experimental method and correct operation of the modified experimental apparatus was confirmed with measurements using different methods (pycnometric, capillary flow, commercial standard instruments, Brookfield rotational viscometer). The effect of temperature and concentration of water on the measured values of density and viscosity of W/O suspensions were studied. Using crude dry oil, the effective viscosities of several synthetic W/O emulsions are measured at atmospheric pressure using a commercial standard instrument, Brookfield rotational viscometer and falling body technique for different shear rates, temperatures and volume fractions of the dispersed phase. The various correlation equations for describing viscosity as a function of temperature and dispersed phase volume fraction is developed. A number of factors such as water content, shear rate, shear stress, and temperature and their effects on the density and dynamic viscosity of dry crude oil and W/O emulsions were assessed.
Selenium And Selenoproteins Implications In Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Salaramoli Sanaz , Besharat Sima , razavi amir nader emami , joshaghani hamidreza 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Controversy surrounds the hypothetical relationship between Selenium levels and an increased risk of breast cancer. Since Selenium plays its role through various selenoproteins, including selenoprotein P and S, our study aimed to analyze Se, SelS, and SelP roles in breast cancer. Methods: our study considered 30 tumors and tumor margin tissues from breast cancer patients and blood serum from patients and control subjects. Selenium measurements were carried out using an atomic absorption spectrometer, and selenoproteins were measured by the ELISA method.Results: Selenium and Selenoprotein P and S have lower proportions in patients' serum. Also, SelP and SelS levels were lower in tumoral tissue. A NEGATIVE correlation between serum and tumor levels of SelS has existed, as well as tumor margin and tumoral tissue. Also, a NEGATIVE correlation between SelP concentrations in tumor margin and tumoral tissue was observed. The correlation between SelS and SelP levels in tumors was NEGATIVE, as well as their correlation in tumor margin tissues.Conclusion: Selenium and Selenoprotein P and S have lower proportions in patients' serum; thus, they are quickly emerging as fascinating diagnostic targets.