bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pattern and Outcome of COVID -19 in Kidney Transplant Recipients Admitted in a Tertiary Care Centre during the Second Wave of the Pandemic in India: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Kumar Panigrahi Deepak , Bagai Sahil , Gandhi Kunal Raj , Prasad Pallavi , Kumar Sunil , Singh Kamakshi , Ahamad Tauseef , Singh Harleen , Prasad Vandana , Shrishail Nuchi Shivanand , Chhabra Gagan Deep , Grover Rahul , Khullar Dinesh 
Published: February 2022

Background and Aim: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in kidney transplant recipients (KTR) is associated with an increased risk of complications than in the general population. The double mutant variant of the coronavirus was responsible for the deadly second wave of the pandemic in India. So, we conducted this retrospective case study to look for the pattern and outcome of the hospitalized KTR affected with COVID-19 in our tertiary care center during the second wave.
Study Design: This was single centre retrospective study.
Place and Duration of Study: COVID-19 affected KTR admitted to Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi during the second wave of the pandemic in the months of April and May 2021 were included in the study.
Materials and Methods: All the necessary data were taken from the computerised records. Clinical and biochemical characteristics of the survivors and non-survivors were studied. The factors associated mortality were analysed.
Results: Out of the 16 participants, all were males. The mean age of the population was 52.50±14.39 years. Overall mortality was 31.3% (Five out of 16). The oxygen saturation at presentation, computed tomography severity scores (CTSS) and the level of inflammatory markers were significantly different between the groups (P<0.05). The ratio of absolute neutrophil count to absolute lymphocyte count (ANC/ALC) was significantly higher in the non-survivors. No difference was noted as far as vaccination status was concerned.
Conclusions: Covid-19 during the second wave was more infectious and virulent than during the first wave. Higher CT severity score on presentation, raised inflammatory markers and a higher neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio should alert the clinician about the probable adverse outcome. Further large-scale multicentre studies are needed to accurately characterise the role of vaccines in the KTR population.
Effect of Different Post-emergence Herbicides Tank Mix with Atrazine on Nutrient uptake and Chlorophyll Content in Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Mali G. R. , Verma A. , Malunjker Bharat D. 
Published: February 2022

A field experiment was conducted on clay loam soil during kharif, 2017 at Instructional Agronomy Farm, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur to find out the best chemical weed management practices in maize. The experiment comprising 13 treatment combinations i.e. weedy check, atrazine 0.5 Kg ha-1 PoE at 10 DAS, atrazine 0.5 Kg ha-1 PoE at 15 DAS, atrazine 0.5 Kg ha-1 PoE at 20 DAS, atrazine 0.5 Kg ha-1 + halosulfuron 0.09 Kg ha-1 PoE at 10 DAS, atrazine 0.5 Kg ha-1 + halosulfuron 0.09 Kg ha-1 PoE at 15 DAS, atrazine 0.5 Kg ha-1 + halosulfuron 0.09 Kg ha-1 PoE at 20 DAS, atrazine 0.5 Kg ha-1 + tembotrione 0.125 Kg ha-1 PoE at 10 DAS, atrazine 0.5 Kg ha-1 + tembotrione 0.125 Kg ha-1 PoE at 15 DAS, atrazine 0.5 Kg ha-1 + tembotrione 0.125 Kg ha-1 PoE at 20 DAS, atrazine 0.5 Kg ha-1 + topramezone 0.025 Kg ha-1 PoE at 10 DAS, atrazine 0.5 Kg ha-1 + topramezone 0.025 Kg ha-1 PoE at 15 DAS, and atrazine 0.5 Kg ha-1 + topramezone 0.025 Kg ha-1 PoE at 20 DAS.These 13 treatment were replicated thrice in randomized block design with the objectives to find out the effect of herbicides and their tank mix application on nutrition in plant as well as weed and chlorophyll content of maize and their economics. The minimum NPK uptake by weeds at harvest also was found under the treatment of atrazine 0.5 Kg ha-1+ tembotrione 0.125 Kg ha-1 PoE at 15 days after sowing. All the weed control treatments increased the chlorophyll content of maize over weedy check. The post-emergence application of atrazine 0.5 Kg ha-1 + tembotrione 0.125 Kg ha-1at 15 DAS treatment resulted in maximum seed yield (5240 Kg ha-1) which was statistically at par with post-emergence application of atrazine 0.5 Kg ha-1 + tembotrione 0.125 Kg ha-1 at 20 DAS (4963 Kg ha-1).
The maximum uptake of total nitrogen (144.49 Kg ha-1) and phosphorus (34.99 Kg ha-1) by the crop was observed under application of atrazine 0.5 Kg ha-1 + tembotrione 0.125 Kg ha-1 PoE at 15 DAS, while maximum uptake of potassium (130.42 Kg ha-1) recorded in atrazine 0.5 Kg ha-1 + topramezone 0.025 Kg ha-1 PoE at 20 DAS which were significantly higher over all other herbicidal treatments.
Measurement of Free Hemoglobin Percentage in Stored Packed Red Blood Cells Units by Colorimetric Method
Authors: Alsmanie Shima Alaaldeen , Elsadig Ahmed Elhadi , Hamid Tarig A. M. 
Published: February 2022

Aims: To measure free hemoglobin percentage in stored packed red blood cells units by colorimetric method.
Study Design: This is a descriptive, hospital based case study.
Place and Duration of Study: Khartoum central blood bank during the period from June to September 2021.
Methodology: A total of thirty-six packed red blood cells blood bags with Citrate-Phosphate-Dextrose-Adenine-one (CPDA-1) stored at 2-6°C for 35 days were withdrawn aseptically on days one; 14, and day 35. Free hemoglobin concentration was measured with Drabkin's method through digital photoelectric colorimeter in which the percentage of hemolysis was calculated, and PH values were measured by a PH meter (ADWA). Mean and standard deviation of each day were calculated by statistical package for social science (SPSS) computer program version 22.0.
Results: The results showed statistically significant elevation in percentages of free plasma hemoglobin with prolongation of storage duration periods; day one compared with day 14 (P = 0.001), day one compared with day 35 (P = 0.001) and day 14 compared with day 35 (P = 0.001). No significant correlation was observed between the degree of hemolysis in day 35 with PH values (P = 0.9).
Conclusion: This study concluded that prolonged storage is associated with elevation of free plasma hemoglobin level indicative of progressive hemolysis.
A Comparative Study on the Susceptibility of Chickpea Cultivars to the Insect Callosoprocus Chinensis L. and Callosobruchus analis F.
Authors: Rajesh . , Sau Ashok Kumar , Shakuntala . , Kumar Vijendra , Singh Satpal , Jha A. N. 
Published: February 2022

Chickpea is important pulse crop of India and in terms of production it rank first in legumes. During storage, chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is severely attacked by some bruchid species, especially Callosobruchus chinensis L. and C. analis F. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), resulting in losses in quantity and quality. In the present study eight cultivars (BG-256, Pusa-372, BGD-72, Pusa-1088, Pusa-5023, Pusa-5028, Pusa-1103, BG-1108) of chickpea were selected and evaluated against C. chinensis and C. analis. The choice and no choice methods were adopted to evaluate oviposition, emergence, mean development period (MDP) and growth index (GI) of selected chickpea cultivars on two years produce. The results revealed that there are significant differences in biological parameters which recorded by choice and no choice methods among selected varieties. The difference in varietal suitability or unsuitability affects the bruchid growth and development. Also it was found that stored seeds are more suitable to one species than other species according to storage duration. One year old seeds were found more suitable than freshly harvested seeds in case of Callosobruchus analis, but in case of Callosobruchus chinensis except few varieties maximum freshly harvested seeds were found more susceptible. These varietal characteristics responsible for such a behavior may be used and incorporated in breeding programme to develop high yielding varieties which are also resistant to insect infestation during storage.
Performance of Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) as Influenced by Different Planting Techniques and Nutrient Management Practices in Arid Western Rajasthan
Authors: Kumar Sheilendra , Kumawat S. M. , Poonia Tanuja , Choudhary Ashok , Kumawat Sanju , Kumar Pramod 
Published: February 2022

The productivity of arid region is much lower and resource degradation is much faster comparatively other ecosystem due to aberrant climatic conditions and anthropogenic activities. Lower production in arid region is due to lower nutrient and water holding capacity of soil, erratic rainfall pattern and inappropriate crop management practices. Therefore, present study was conducted with six planting techniques and four nutrient management practices in split plot design and replicated thrice, to find outsuitable planting techniques and nutrient management practices and their influence on growth, productivity of pearl millet in arid western Rajasthan.Results of the study showed that pit planting technique treatment PT6 noted taller plant over rest of the treatments during 2018 and 2019. Among various planting techniques, pit technique realized significantly higher relative growth rate(RGR) as compared ridge planting (PT2 and PT3) and direct seed sowing (PT1) also. However, pit planting technique PT4 recorded highest RGR of 1.87 & 1.77 g g-1 day-1during 20 days after sowing/transplanting (DAS/DAT) to 40 DAS/DAT and 2.26 & 2.23 g g-1 day-1during 40 DAS/DAT to at harvest during 2018 and 2019, respectively, which registered significantly edge over rest all treatments of sowing/transplanting. Though ridge planting techniques PT2 and PT3, computed significantly highest crop growth rate (CGR) as compared to rest all planting treatments yet formerly both treatment remained statistically at par with each other. Pearl millet planted by pit planting technique PT6 recorded highest grain yield during both the years. Moreover, growth parameters and grain yield also increased with increasing dose of nutrients fromnutrient management practice NMP1 to nutrient management practiceNMP3 over control (NMP0). Highest plant height, crop growth rate (g m-1 day-1) and relative growth rate (g g-1 day-1) at different intervals and grain yieldwere recorded maximum in nutrient management practice NMP3, while minimum values of all above parameters were observed in no fertilization control (NMP0) treatment during individual years of 2018 and 2019.
Age Estimation using Mandibular Projective Ramus Height: A Retrospective Digita Orthopantomographic Study
Authors: Kizhakkoottu Suvarna , Arthanari Abirami 
Published: February 2022

Background: Mandibular projective ramus height is one of the accurate parameters in age estimation.Estimation of age by mandibular ramusheight using various digital softwares is one of the newest approach in forensic dentistry. The aim of the present study is to derive a new linear regression formula for estimating age of south Indian population using mandibular projective ramus height.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included OPG samples n=260 from 5 age groups between 30 to 79.9 years. Measurement of mandibular projective ramus height was done using Planmeca Romexis Viewer software and tabulated and exported to SPSS software for linear regression analysis.
Results: Mean mandibular projective ramus height value of males (28.7) is higher compared to females (27.3) in all age groups and there is also a significant decrease in mandibular projective ramus height in both gender as the age advances. The gender specific and general linear regression formula derived for estimation of age in the South Indian population.
Conclusion: Even though the current linear regression formula for estimating age carries 65% accuracy, further research with adequate sample size should be carried out across the hospitals in Chennai for more significant and region specific results.
Knowledge and Awareness about Wound Infection after Surgery among Population in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Terro Khalil , Alatef Abdulaziz , Baeisa Razana Saleh , Albalawi Raghad Hamdan , Altidlawi Mohammed I. , Altowairqi Rahaf Yasser , Alanazi Tariq Bander F. , Alzahrani Khames 
Published: February 2022

Background: Surgical site infections (SSI) continue to be one of the most common post-operative consequences following surgery, it is an infection that develops in the incision made during a surgical operation is a significant cause of hospital morbidity, increasing ICU admission rates, hospital readmission, lengthening total hospital stay and tripling death rates. To assess knowledge and awareness about wound infection after surgery among population in Saudi Arabia.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conduct in Saudi Arabia during July to December 2021, we distributed our questionnaire in Kingdome of Saudi Arabia, the participants involving general population adult living in Saudi (>15). The sample size was 3357 participants. The sample size was estimated using the Qualtrics calculator with a confidence level of 95%. Our inclusion criteria were Age,15 years old and older, residency in Saudi Arabia, Male and female, Saudi and non-Saudi, agree to participate. Analyzes was done by using the “Microsoft Office Excel Software” (2019) for Windows was used to enter data on the computer. The data was then statistically evaluated using the SPSS program, version 23.
Results: 63.8% of the participants were females. More than half of the respondents were younger than 25 years old. Most of the respondents (9.1%) had a university degree or higher education. Regards area of residence, 10.1% lived in Riyadh, 14.0% in Medina. The prevalence of SSI was 8.0%. There are 50.2% of respondents have reported that times being admitted to hospital were 5 or less, 53.9% have denied history of undergoing other previous surgeries. Also, 95.5% of respondents denied having a hospital acquired infection besides surgical site infection.
Conclusion: SSI is one of the commonest healthcare related infections which have a great impact on patient morbidity and mortality. The causes of SSIs are multi-factorial. The antimicrobial regimen isn’t much more effective than the persuasive strategy in controlling antimicrobial use in the long-term. Moreover, in many settings, there may be inadequate personnel for a restrictive approach and restriction strategies are unable to consider the appropriateness of use of non-restricted antibiotics, which forms the vast majority of antibiotics used in hospital.
Safety of Sofosbuvir/Daclatasvir and Sofosbuvir/ Ribavirin in Children and Adolescents with Chronic Hepatitis C
Authors: Chang Adil Hassan , Bughio Ubedullah , Bhatti Rehmatullah , Jamali Laraib , Kadir Bushra , Memon Muhammad Sadik 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Sofosbuvir/ribavirin and sofosbuvir/ledipasvir regimes are approved by European Association for Study of Liver (EASL) for Chronic Hepatitis C (CHC) infection in adolescents although none of the combinations is approved for age below twelve years.
Objective: The aim of the study is to investigate the use of sofosbuvir/daclatasvir with or without ribavirin and sofosbuvir/ribavirin in children and adolescents with CHC infection.
Methods: A single-centre, observational (off-label) study was performed. Patients with CHC and detectable HCVRNA, of either gender with age between three to seventeen years were included. Patients were given one of the two combinations; sofosbuvir/daclatasvir with or without ribavirin for 12 weeks and sofosbuvir/ribavirin for 24 weeks, according to the body weight. The patients were followed precisely for side effects of treatment and sustained virological response after twelve week (SVR12).
Results: Fourteen patients were enrolled with mean age of 12.36 ± 5.43 years. Six (42.9%) were less than twelve years and eight (57.1%) were more than twelve years. Nine (64.28%) patients were given sofosbuvir/daclatasvir with or without ribavirin and five (35.71%) patients were given sofosbuvir/ribavirin. All fourteen (100%) patients achieved SVR12. No side effect was observed and normal growth was evaluated.
Conclusion: The combination of sofosbuvir/daclatasvir with or without ribavirin showed high safety and efficacy in children and adolescents. Moreover, sofosbuvir/ribavirin combination also showed comparable safety and efficacy in age less than twelve years.
Helping Dentists Make Accurate Denture through PAA Articulator
Authors: Sanyal Pronob Kumar , Kore Abhijeet Ramchandra , Rao Aishwarya Satish 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: An articulator is defined as a mechanical instrument that represents the temporomandibular joints and jaws, to which maxillary and mandibular casts may be attached to simulate some or all mandibular movement. There have been many major modifications and researches in this field of stomato-mechanics in order to facilitate the orientation of the jaws during static and functional movements.
Objective: The main objective of the present research is to provide a novel machine which aids in simulating the temporo-mandibular joint and jaws by using with high accuracy tool for precise & easy mounting & compensatory curved plates for detailed teeth arrangement.
Methods: After the jaw relations procedure, casts should be placed on the wax studs to orient the casts for mounting. The occlusal plane should coincide with the occlusal plane orientor, lingual midline locator and the incisal pin (3- point guidance). This is a more accurate method compared to the arbitrary thread relation we use.
Results: Accordingly the present research provides the gen-next articulator.
Conclusion: This articulator aids in helping dentists make accurate dentures using a regularly used mean value articulator. It will not only improve the quality but also the efficiency of work among dental students and professionals.
A Systematic Medico Historical Review of Gokshura (Tribulus terrestris L.): A Traditional Indian Medicine
Authors: Manhas Ekta , Singh Anil Kumar , Kumar Sanjeev 
Published: February 2022

Objective: This review aims to reveal the classic and experience-based traditional uses of Gokshura for health and wellness, and emphasizes the pharmacological and biochemical scientific evidence to confirm them.
Data Source: The available literature on Gokshura from original Ayurvedic scriptures, classical Ayurvedic texts from different periods, Indian Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia, and scientific databases such as ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar, with Gokshura and T.terrestris as keywords were searched to determine the basis of the Latin scientific name, the correct identity, properties, pharmacological actions and clinical uses.
Review Methods: In search of scientific evidence of use, international and national journals and other published materials were also searched to pique the curiosity of academics interested in Ayurvedic medicinal plants. This article reveals the ancient brilliance behind the therapeutic use of a promising plant, Gokshura from ancient India, to date. Several bioactive phytoconstituents, which include steroids, saponin, flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, and unsaturated acids, were isolated and recognized from Gokshura which might be responsible singly or in compound form for numerous pharmacological activities, and traditional application confirms that the basic principles of available Ayurvedic classics in various periods in India have been too scientific, and authentic.
Conclusion: In this research work, it was found that Gokshura overcome diseases of Mutravaha srotasa (Urinary Tract Disorders) and other systems. Various simple and compound preparations can reasonably maintain health and are used as analgesic, diuretic, anti-inflammatory, aphrodisiac, and rejuvenator.
Stratification for Risk Factors and Its Correlation to Outcome in Children with Malnutrition of Age 6 Months to 5 Years
Authors: Jamali Ameer Ali , Langah Azizullah , Memon Naseer Ahmed , Fatima Pirah , Ayaz Attiya , Mallah Farzana , Jamali Safdar Ali 
Published: February 2022

Background: Wide range of illness is covered under malnutrition including under nutrition, specific nutrient deficiencies and over nutrition. There is heavy cost burden on Pakistani economy due to high prevalent condition. Children are affected in several ways and exposed to infectious diseases, psychosocial mal-development and cognitive deficiencies.
Objectives: Objectives of this study are to determine the risk factors of malnutrition in children of age 6 months to 5 years and to determine the correlation between risk factors of malnutrition and outcome in children of age 6 months to 5 years.
Methodology: A prospective observational study was conducted at Paediatric Medicine Department, PUMHS (Nawabshah). 138 patients were recruited using the non-probability consecutive sampling technique. Informed consent was taken from study participants before enrolment into the study. Children admitted to peadiatric medicine ward were explored for malnutrition risk factors. A pre-designed proforma was used for data collection. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21.
Results: Out of 138 children, 78 (56.5) were males and 60 (43.5) were females. Average age of patients was 27.49 ± 13.32. Using criteria of MUAC, 97 (70.28%) were severely malnourished and 41 (29.71%) were moderately malnourished. By criteria of weight-to-height z-score, 116 (84.05%) were severe malnourished and 22 (15.94%) were moderately malnourished. Among child factors, the highest prevalent risk factor was bottle and mixed feeding practice (122, 88.40%). Child related factors were significantly associated with patients’ outcome. Among parental risk factors, the highest prevalent risk factor was unemployment (96, 69.57%) fathers of patients were unemployed. Among environmental factors, the most prevalent risk factor was use of inappropriate water source (102, 73.91%). 31 (22.46%) children expired at the end of the study. Environmental factors were also found to be associated with patients’ outcome.
Conclusion: Lack of breast feeding, unemployment and inappropriate source of water were most prevalent factors. Furthermore, illiteracy and incomplete vaccination status were also prevalent. Therefore, interventions are needed in order to overcome these problems. Parental education should be done and high authorities should make efforts to provide clean and safe water in rural area as well.
Molecular Identification of Multi Drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Neonates with Sepsis in Egypt
Authors: Hassan Farouk , Shawky Alaa , Ahmed Ali A. Abdelrahman , Hagras Abeer M. , Fahim Noha Alaa Eldin , Abdelkader Hayam 
Published: February 2022

Neonatal sepsis is one of the most prevalent infections today, claiming the lives of almost one million newborns in developing countries. Our objective is to determine the bacteria that cause sepsis in newborns in Egyptian hospitals, as well as to discover their resistance profiles, allowing for the selection of appropriate drug combinations against multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria. Nine hundred and eighty-nine blood samples were collected from neonates in Al Demerdash and Ain Shams University Specialized Hospital from March 2019 to March 20121 according to the standard protocols. Bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test AST were performed using VITEK® 2 system. The results revealed that 51.4 % of patients had positive blood cultures, with 60.3 % females and 39.7 %. Males. Sepsis with late onset was detected in 95% of positive cases, while sepsis with early onset was observed in only 5% of the total positive cases. According to the study, 98.3 % of Klebsiella Pneumoniae isolates were resistant to Ampicillin, 91% to Ampicillin/sulbactam, and 90% to Ceftazidime and Cefotaxime. Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR analysis of the blaCTX-M-15 gene expression found that (69%) of MDR K. pneumoniae isolates expressed the gene at a significantly higher level than susceptible isolates, with a mean fold change of 10.0349 versus 1.8646. In conclusion, Klebsiella pneumoniae is the leading cause of neonatal sepsis in the majority of Egyptian hospitals' NICUs. Application of infection prevention and control strategies, in conjunction with appropriate antimicrobial stewardship programs, may be beneficial in overcoming this challenge.