bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of cycling using lower limb active passive trainers in people with neurological conditions: a systematic review
Authors: Barclay Alison , Gray Stuart R , Paul Lorna , Rooney Scott 
Published: June 2022

Background Active passive trainers are frequently used as a safe, feasible way for people with neurological disabilities to exercise. However, evidence regarding their efficacy is limited. The aim of this study was to review the literature investigating the effects of lower limb active passive trainer cycling, with or without functional electrical stimulation, on spasticity, cardiovascular fitness, function and quality of life in people with neurological conditions Methods Five electronic databases were searched from inception to June 2021. Studies included: randomised controlled trials using lower limb active passive trainers as a cycling intervention; participants with neurological conditions, such as multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, stroke and Parkinson's disease; and at least one outcome related to spasticity, cardiovascular fitness, physical function or quality of life. Results A total of 12 articles were included (n=423 participants, 52% male). Of these, six used functional electrical stimulation-assisted active passive trainer interventions, and the remaining six used active passive trainer interventions alone. A meta-analysis demonstrated statistically significant improvement in walking endurance; however, this only included stroke studies (6-Minute Walk Test performance, P<0.00001). No statistically significant improvement in walking speed was found (P=0.31). A significant improvement in spasticity was reported by three studies (two using the active passive trainer intervention alone, one using the active passive trainer with functional electrical stimulation). One study reported improvement in quality of life. Few studies considered cardiovascular fitness. Conclusions The included studies featured heterogeneous designs, outcome measures, exercise prescriptions and participant disability levels, which made comparison difficult. Active passive trainer interventions appear to improve walking endurance in people with stroke; however, the effect on other outcomes and in other conditions remains unclear. It also remains uncertain as to whether functional electrical stimulation-assisted cycling is more beneficial than active passive trainer cycling alone.
The effects of inspiratory muscle training in adults with muscular dystrophy
Authors: Cabrita Bruno , Dias Sara , Luisa Fernandes Ana , Correia Sílvia , Teixeira Graciete , Camilo Zita , Simão Paula 
Published: June 2022

Background/Aims Patients with muscular dystrophy usually have impaired lung function and respiratory muscle strength, leading to pneumonia and respiratory failure, which are significant causes of morbidity and mortality. Inspiratory muscle training might be a safe adjunct treatment to increase the strength and endurance of weakened respiratory muscles. The researchers have developed a new protocol for inspiratory muscle training and evaluated its effect on inspiratory muscle strength and coughing capacity. Methods A total of 12 participants diagnosed with muscle dystrophy and decreased maximal inspiratory pressure (<60 cmH2O) participated in this prospective study. Training was individually tailored, starting with low resistance levels and progressing according to tolerance and symptoms. The primary outcome measure was maximal inspiratory pressure. Secondary outcomes were maximal expiratory pressure, peak cough flow and the feasibility of the intervention. Results There were two participants who did not complete the study, and three were lost to follow-up; therefore, only seven patients finished the intervention. In these patients, the authors found a statistically significant improvement in the maximal inspiratory pressure (P=0.018) and peak cough flow (P=0.046) after 3 months of training. There was also an improvement in the maximal expiratory pressure, although this was not statistically significant (P=0.176). Median compliance to training was 99% (94.5–100). Conclusions This intervention led to statistically significant improvements in inspiratory muscles strength and coughing capacity in patients with muscular dystrophy. The results were significantly positive and contribute to the evidence in support of this underused, yet possibly beneficial, treatment, although larger randomised controlled trials are required to verify this.
Sports therapists’ perceptions and experiences of graduate employment
Authors: Waterworth Sally , Costello Rianne , Pryer Barry , Lewis Tracy , Kerr Catherine 
Published: June 2022

Background/Aims Graduate employability is complex and has moved beyond the notion of subject-specific skills being sufficient for acquiring a graduate level job, to now include important transferable skills. Sports therapy is a rapidly expanding profession focusing on assessment, treatment and rehabilitation of musculoskeletal conditions. These facets encompass components of critical thinking, problem solving, interpersonal skills and communication, thus courses can set graduates up for careers within or outside the industry. The three aims of this study were to survey BSc (Hons) Sports Therapy graduates to determine their current employment status and job role, explore graduates’ experience of their undergraduate programme and investigate graduates’ perceptions of how well the programme had prepared them for subsequent employment. Methods BSc (Hons) sports therapy graduates from two British universities were surveyed regarding their experience of their undergraduate degree programme and their perceptions of how well the programme had prepared them for employment. The survey was distributed to approximately 150 graduates and had a response rate of 23% (35 graduates). Descriptive statistics were used to describe the responses to the multiple-choice questions and thematic analysis was performed on free-text responses. Results Overall, 43% of respondents were employed as sports therapists and needed their degree to get their jobs. A total of 71% of respondents felt that their degree had equipped them fully or partly for employment. Free-text responses generated three themes relating to sports therapy specific skills, job availability and work-based learning opportunities. Managing student expectations, continued exposure to the range of career opportunities available and developing students subject-specific skills, ‘soft’ or transferrable skills, as well as personal characteristics, can help with employability. Conclusions Courses should be sensitive to the demands of a changing employment landscape and, as such, encourage a student-centred approach and support placement opportunities to help with graduate employability.
Mapping of schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiases across 15 provinces of Angola
Authors: Mendes Elsa Palma , Okhai Hajra , Cristóvão Rilda Epifânia , Almeida Maria Cecília , Katondi Nzuzi , Thompson Ricardo , Mupoyi Sylvain , Mwinzi Pauline , Ndayishimiye Onesime , Djerandouba Ferdinand , Chimbilli Mary , Ramirez Julio , Van Goor Erna , Lopes Sergio 
Published: June 2022

Introduction
Schistosomiasis (SCH) and soil transmitted helminthiases (STH) have been historically recognized as a major public health problem in Angola. However, lack of reliable, country wide prevalence data on these diseases has been a major hurdle to plan and implement programme actions to target these diseases. This study aimed to characterize SCH and STH prevalence and distribution in Angola.

Methods
A country wide mapping was conducted in October 2018 (1 province) and from July to December 2019 (14 provinces) in school aged (SAC) children in 15 (of 18) provinces in Angola, using WHO protocols and procedures. A total of 640 schools and an average of 50 students per school (N = 31,938 children) were sampled. Stool and urine samples were collected and processed using the Kato-Katz method and Urine Filtration. Prevalence estimates for SCH and STH infections were calculated for each province and district with 95% confidence intervals. Factors associated with SCH and STH infection, respectively, were explored using multivariable logistic regression accounting for clustering by school.

Results
Of the 131 districts surveyed, 112 (85.5%) are endemic for STH, 30 (22.9%) have a prevalence above 50%, 24 (18.3%) are at moderate risk (prevalence 20%-50%), and 58 (44.3%) are at low risk (<20% prevalence); similarly, 118 (90,1%) of surveyed districts are endemic for any SCH, 2 (1.5%) are at high risk (>50% prevalence), 59 (45.0%) are at moderate risk (10%-50% prevalence), and 57 (43.5%) are at low risk (<10% prevalence). There were higher STH infection rates in the northern provinces of Malanje and Lunda Norte, and higher SCH infection rates in the southern provinces of Benguela and Huila.

Conclusions
This mapping exercise provides essential information to Ministry of Health in Angola to accurately plan and implement SCH and STH control activities in the upcoming years. Data also provides a useful baseline contribution for Angola to track its progress towards the 2030 NTD roadmap targets set by WHO.
Evaluation of Sibel’s Advanced Neonatal Epidermal (ANNE) wireless continuous physiological monitor in Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Coleman Jesse , Ginsburg Amy Sarah , Macharia William , Ochieng Roseline , Chomba Dorothy , Zhou Guohai , Dunsmuir Dustin , Xu Shuai , Ansermino J. Mark 
Published: June 2022

Background
Neonatal multiparameter continuous physiological monitoring (MCPM) technologies assist with early detection of preventable and treatable causes of neonatal mortality. Evaluating accuracy of novel MCPM technologies is critical for their appropriate use and adoption.

Methods
We prospectively compared the accuracy of Sibel’s Advanced Neonatal Epidermal (ANNE) technology with Masimo’s Rad-97 pulse CO-oximeter with capnography and Spengler’s Tempo Easy reference technologies during four evaluation rounds. We compared accuracy of heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), oxygen saturation (SpO2), and skin temperature using Bland-Altman plots and root-mean-square deviation analyses (RMSD). Sibel’s ANNE algorithms were optimized between each round. We created Clarke error grids with zones of 20% to aid with clinical interpretation of HR and RR results.

Results
Between November 2019 and August 2020 we collected 320 hours of data from 84 neonates. In the final round, Sibel’s ANNE technology demonstrated a normalized bias of 0% for HR and 3.1% for RR, and a non-normalized bias of -0.3% for SpO2 and 0.2°C for temperature. The normalized spread between 95% upper and lower limits-of-agreement (LOA) was 4.7% for HR and 29.3% for RR. RMSD for SpO2 was 1.9% and 1.5°C for temperature. Agreement between Sibel’s ANNE technology and the reference technologies met the a priori-defined thresholds for 95% spread of LOA and RMSD. Clarke error grids showed that all HR and RR observations were within a 20% difference.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest acceptable agreement between Sibel’s ANNE and reference technologies. Clinical effectiveness, feasibility, usability, acceptability, and cost-effectiveness investigations are necessary for large-scale implementation.
Racial variations of adverse perinatal outcomes: A population-based retrospective cohort study in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Miao Qun , Guo Yanfang , Erwin Erica , Sharif Fayza , Berhe Meron , Wen Shi Wu , Walker Mark 
Published: June 2022

Introduction
Racial differences in adverse maternal and birth outcomes have been studied in other countries, however, there are few studies specific to the Canadian population. In this study, we sought to examine the inequities in adverse perinatal outcomes between Black and White pregnant people in Ontario, Canada.

Methods
We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study that included all Black and White pregnant people who attended prenatal screening and had a singleton birth in any Ontario hospital (April 1st, 2012-March 31st, 2019). Poisson regression with robust error variance models were used to estimate the adjusted relative risks of adverse perinatal outcomes for Black people compared with White people while adjusting for covariates.

Results
Among 412,120 eligible pregnant people, 10.1% were Black people and 89.9% were White people. Black people were at an increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, placental abruption, preterm birth (<37, <34, <32 weeks), spontaneous preterm birth, all caesarean sections, emergency caesarean section, low birth weight (<2500g, <1500g), small-for-gestational-age (<10th percentile, <3rd percentile) neonates, 5-minute Apgar score <4 and <7, neonatal intensive care unit admission, and hyperbilirubinemia requiring treatment but had lower risks of elective caesarean section, assisted vaginal delivery, episiotomy, 3rd and 4th degree perineal tears, macrosomia, large-for-gestational-age neonates, and arterial cord pH≤7.1, as compared with White people. No difference in risks of gestational hypertension and placenta previa were observed between Black and White people.

Conclusion
There are differences in several adverse perinatal outcomes between Black and White people within the Ontario health care system. Findings might have potential clinical and health policy implications, although more studies are needed to further understand the mechanisms.
Psychiatric comorbidity and psychosocial stressors among people initiating HIV care in Cameroon
Authors: Parcesepe Angela M. , Filiatreau Lindsey M. , Ebasone Peter Vanes , Dzudie Anastase , Pence Brian W. , Wainberg Milton , Yotebieng Marcel , Anastos Kathryn , Pefura-Yone Eric , Nsame Denis , Ajeh Rogers , Nash Denis 
Published: June 2022

Background
Psychiatric comorbidity, the presence of two or more mental health disorders, has been associated with suboptimal HIV treatment outcomes. Little is known about the prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity among people with HIV (PWH) in sub-Saharan Africa.

Methods
We conducted interviews with PWH initiating HIV care in Cameroon between June 2019 and March 2020. Depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and harmful drinking were dichotomized to represent those with and without symptoms of each. Psychiatric comorbidity was defined as having symptoms of two or more disorders assessed. Moderate or severe household hunger, high anticipatory HIV-related stigma, low social support, and high number of potentially traumatic events were hypothesized as correlates of psychiatric comorbidity. Bivariable log binomial regression models were used to estimate unadjusted associations between psychosocial stressors and psychiatric comorbidity.

Results
Among 424 participants interviewed, the prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity was 16%. Among those with symptoms of at least one mental health or substance use disorder (n = 161), the prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity was 42%. The prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity was 33%, 67%, 76%, and 81% among those with symptoms of harmful drinking, depression, anxiety, and PTSD, respectively. Among individuals with symptoms of a mental health or substance use disorder, a high number of potentially traumatic events (prevalence ratio (PR) 1.71 [95% CI 1.21, 2.42]) and high anticipatory HIV-related stigma (PR 1.45 [95% CI 1.01, 2.09]) were associated with greater prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity.

Conclusion
Psychiatric comorbidity was common among this group of PWH in Cameroon. The effectiveness and implementation of transdiagnostic or multi-focus mental health treatment approaches in HIV care settings should be examined.
A Inspeção das Bibliotecas e Arquivos no discurso direto
Authors: Merêncio Maria Beatriz 
Published: June 2022

A Inspeção das Bibliotecas e Arquivos (1887-1965) foi uma instituição absolutamente central para a consolidação da Arquivística em Portugal, para o conhecimento das grandes incorporações documentais nas coleções do Estado, das práticas arquivísticas da primeira metade do século XX e para a estruturação do Arquivo Nacional e Arquivos Distritais. Destarte, através dos Anais das Bibliotecas e Arquivos de Portugal (1914-1949) pretende-se delinear a atividade programática e as linhas doutrinárias que pautaram a ação deste organismo, bem como uma proposta de índice remissivo.
Seguindo rastros e encontrando vestígios
Authors: Bittencourt Paola Rodrigues 
Published: June 2022

A presente análise teve o objetivo de construir, em uma perspectiva evolutiva, um mapeamento dos primeiros indícios relacionados ao surgimento e desenvolvimento da teoria das três idades, em países da América do Norte e Europa, buscando verificar como seu desenvolvimento teórico-conceitual é caracterizado pela literatura arquivística e como tornou-se referência para o gerenciamento dos arquivos. Este estudo caracteriza-se como uma pesquisa básica, caracterizada a partir da análise, como qualitativa, de natureza exploratória, descritiva e explicativa, tendo, como principais recursos, as fontes documentais e bibliográficas. desenvolvimento deste estudo possibilitou identificar um possível marco de surgimento da teoria das três idades dos arquivos e verificar seu percurso demarcado pela literatura, a partir da qual foi possível perceber que a divisão dos arquivos em estágios de guarda corrente, intermediário e permanente, tem seus primeiros indícios na divisão entre records e archives, resultado do período revolucionário francês, do final do século XVIII, com a então criação de um novo modelo arquivístico estabelecido a partir da criação do Arquivo Nacional francês. Na sequência foi possível identificar, nas práticas arquivísticas italianas, a introdução um estágio extra de guarda, entre os records e archives, onze anos depois da criação da instituição arquivística francesa, designado como arquivos de depósito. Portanto, conclui-se que, ao contrário do que apontam numerosos autores do campo arquivístico, a teoria das três idades não tem seu surgimento atrelado ao surgimento da gestão de documentos, na administração governamental americana, entretanto, foi um método amplamente difundido a reboque da propagação dos preceitos teóricos e práticos do modelo de gestão de documentos surgido no ambiente norte-americano.
THE POPULATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF AGARWOOD PRODUCING TREE (AQUILARIA MALACCENSIS) IN RIAU PROVINCE
Authors: Yulizah Yulizah , Rahajoe Joeni Setijo , Fefirenta Agusdin Dharma , Nugroho Agung Adi 
Published: June 2022

YULIZAH, RAHAJOE, J. S., FEFIRENTA, A. D. & NUGROHO, A. D. 2022. The population and distribution of agarwood producing tree (Aquilaria malaccensis) in Riau Province. Reinwardtia 21(1): 1–11. — Riau Province is one of the largest agarwood producers and supplier of Aquilaria malaccensis species in Indonesia, based on the data of trade quota that was issued by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry in 2018. The quota data will be used for monitoring the sustainability of the population agarwood producing trees in the wild. The aimed of the study were to determine the natural population distribution and habitat preference of wild agarwood-producing trees in Riau Province. The agarwood population census carried out by making random plots in the study sites, soil moisture, soil pH, temperature and the humidity recorded, and the macronutrients data also used to support the habitat preferences for the agarwood producing taxa tree. Seven locations of agarwood producing trees were selected for the study sites including Taman Hutan Raya (TAHURA: Forest Park Garden) Sultan Syarif Hasyim (SSH), three community forests in Siak Sri Indapura District (Gosib, Perincit and Dosan), and three community forests in Bengkalis District (Langkat, Pangkalan Jambi, and Duri Km 13). The density of agarwood producing trees in TAHURA SSH recorded for about 38 plants ha-1, with an average diameter distribution was 15 cm, and the tree height was 9.51 m. Perincit data showed the highest density, with 8.13 plants ha-1 with an average distribution of tree diameters was recorded for 20.8 cm and the tree height was 9.11 m. While the lowest tree density was recorded for 0.58 plant ha-1 in Gosib, the average diameter and tree height were recorded for 40.15 cm and 14.70 m, respectively. Environmental parameters and soil chemistry were the main factors to support the tree growth of agarwood. The result was necessary for the conservation program of A. Malaccensis, and support data for providing potential seeds source and seedling. The nutrient content preference from the finding of this research will also be used as the necessary information of the needs of nutrient content in the natural habitat of agarwood plantations.
More than ponds amid skyscrapers: Urban fisheries as multiscalar human–natural systems
Authors: Carlson Andrew K. , Boonstra Wiebren J. , Joosse Sofie , Rubenstein Daniel I. , Levin Simon A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Although social-ecological fisheries research is growing, comparatively little attention is paid to fisheries in urban environments. We aim to address this imbalance, because as cities expand worldwide, we expect urban fisheries to become more widespread and important in providing food/nutrition security, recreation, community well-being, and other benefits to fisheries stakeholders and urban dwellers across spatiotemporal scales. This paper contains a first analysis of the economic and sociocultural provisions, trade-offs, and dilemmas associated with urban fisheries to yield insights for sustainable management and planning of urban blue space. To address these objectives, we use the metacoupling framework, a method for assessing human–nature interactions within and across adjacent and distant fisheries systems. We use examples from multiple countries and data from the United States to illustrate how urban fisheries encompass flows of people, money, and information across multiple spatiotemporal scales and provide nutritional, recreational, social, and cultural benefits to fisheries stakeholders. Throughout the world, urban fisheries are influenced by wide-ranging human needs (e.g. food provisioning, recreation, aquatic resource education) that generate social-ecological effects within and beyond cities. Our analysis yields insights for developing holistic, metacoupling-informed management approaches that address the diverse social-ecological objectives and trade-offs involved in sustainable development of urban fisheries.
Contactos, títulos y apariencias. Inserciones laborales y experiencia de la desigualdad en jóvenes
Authors: Gonzaléz Federico Martín , Bostal María Cecilia 
Published: June 2022

El presente artículo propone analizar los procesos de inserción laboral y la configuración de experiencias desiguales en el mundo del trabajo en jóvenes egresados del nivel secundario en la ciudad de La Plata, durante el período 2013-2019. Desde una perspectiva metodológica cualitativa analizamos setenta y ocho entrevistas en profundidad a varones y mujeres de 18 a 24 años de edad y registros de observaciones participantes. A partir de allí recuperamos y analizamos tres dimensiones que intervienen en las inserciones laborales (el lugar de las redes sociales, la finalización de la escuela secundaria y la configuración de clasificaciones morales e interaccionales), concluyendo en la importancia de un abordaje multidimensional de la desigualdad social en el análisis de las primeras experiencias laborales de los jóvenes.