bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Higher sirt1 is associated with a better body composition in master sprinters and untrained peers
Authors: Leite Patrício Lopes de Araújo , Maciel Larissa Alves , Santos Patrick Anderson , Barbosa Lucas Pinheiro , Gutierrez Sara Duarte , Corrêa Hugo de Luca , de Deus Lysleine Alves , Araújo Marcia Cristina , Aguiar Samuel da Silva , Rosa Thiago dos Santos , Lewis John E. , Simões Herbert Gustavo 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTSirt1 is an enzyme involved in several anti‐aging pathways. Associations between Sirt1, age, and body fat (BF) were assessed in master sprinters (MS; n = 35; 50.25 ±5.93 yr.), untrained young non‐athletes (UY; n = 32; 23.78 ±3.98 yr.), and untrained middle‐aged (UMA; n = 24; 47.29 ±8.04 yr.). BF was assessed using a skinfold protocol, and Sirt1 was measured in plasma by using commercial kits. Sirt1 of MS (17.18 ±4.77 ng/mL) was higher than UMA (6.36 ±2.29 ng/mL; p<0.0001) and did not differ from UY (20.26 ±6.20 ng/mL). Relative BF of MS was lower than UMA (12.71 ±4.07% vs. 22.13 ±4.18%; p<0.0001). Sirt1 was negatively correlated with chronological age (r  = −0.735; p<0.0001) when combining UY and UMA in the analysis. However, when Sirt1 of MS and UY was analyzed together, no significant relationship between Sirt1 and chronological age was observed (r =  −0.243; p = 0.083). Sirt1 correlated inversely with BF (r =  −0.743; p<0.0001) for UY and UMA. Stepwise multiple regression revealed that being either a young or master athlete and body adiposity are possible predictors of Sirt1 levels. MS and UY were associated with higher levels of Sirt1, while UMA and increased BF were associated with lower levels of this enzyme. The relationships among Sirt1, BF, and chronological age of young and middle‐aged non‐athletes were not statistically significant when the middle‐aged participants were MS. These findings suggest possible links between Sirt1 and body composition, which may play roles in the rate of biological aging.
Neutrino fields in a sandwich gravitational wave background
Authors: Dereli Tekin , Gurtug Ozay , Halilsoy Mustafa , Senikoglu Yorgo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Sandwich gravitational waves are given globally in terms of step functions at the boundaries. Linearized Einstein–Weyl equations are solved exactly in this background in Rosen coordinates. Depending on the geometry and composition of the sandwich wave, the neutrino’s energy-momentum redistributes itself. At the test field level, since the background will not change, the neutrino’s energy density in particular will show variations between positive and negative extrema when crossing the sandwich wave. This may reveal facts about the weakly interacting neutrinos in cosmology.
Application of the ALARA principle for radon at work: feedback from the European ALARA network
Authors: Andresz Sylvain , Morgan Julie , Nuccetelli Cristina , Palacios Martha , Schieber Caroline , Sneve Malgorzata , Stritt Nicolas , Synnott Hugh , Vermeersch Fernand 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The Council Directive 2013/59/Euratom has introduced binding requirements for the management of radon in the workplace in Member States of the European Union. How does it work in practice? In 2021, the European ALARA Network created a working group on ALARA for Radon at Work with the objective of collecting and sharing experiences from the field. A survey was developed to detail each step of the national regulations for the control of radon and to describe case studies showing implementation. This article presents a qualitative analysis of the answers received from seven countries. There are no two similar national regulations and, at each step, different provisions, protocols, techniques etc are applicable or recommended. This diversity contributes to the richness of the results and can inform about interesting and good practices, where ‘good’ is defined by what is appropriate in the nationally and locally prevailing circumstances. All national regulations follow a graded approach, which is a key component for the implementation of the optimisation (ALARA) principle, yet several potential weak points that may be challenging to ALARA have been identified and are discussed, namely the radon risk assessment, the focus on numerical values, uncertainties in the measurement, how to obtain economically efficient remediation, and the interface with other regulations. Strengthening collaboration between risk prevention and radiation protection actors could help to provide and build expertise on radon management in the workplace, especially when exposure is managed as a planned exposure situation.
Transport properties in MoS2 quantum dot under time-oscillating potential
Authors: Sattari Farhad 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We report a theoretical study of transport properties in a circular MoS2 quantum dot under spin-orbit coupling and time-periodic potential. It is shown that the scattering coefficient depends on the frequency (

ω

) and the amplitude of the time-periodic potential (

V
˜

) as well as the radius of the quantum dot (R), and has an oscillatory behavior with respect to

ω
,

V
˜

and R. Also, the scattering coefficient is dependent on the order of the sideband as well as the sign of the sideband. Results show that for

n
>
1

(

n
<
−
1

), the scattering is negligible for the large frequency values. Interestingly, the magnitude of radial reflected current can be efficiently controlled by the quantum dot coordinates. Thus, a circular MoS2 quantum dot with a time-oscillating potential can temporarily trap electrons. These results clarify that a circular MoS2 quantum dot can be useful for the design of novel electronic devices.
Ag/n–Si/p–MgSe/(Ag, C, Au, Pt) devices designed as current rectifiers, photodetectors and as ac signal filters suitable for VLC, IR and 6G technologies
Authors: Almotiri R A , Qasrawi A F , Algarni Sabah E 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Herein the fabrication and practical applications of

p
−

MgSe thin films as active

p
−

layer of electronic devices are reported. MgSe films are prepared by a vacuum evaporation technique onto

n
−

Si substrates under a vacuum pressure of 10–5 mbar. The films are morphologically, structurally, electrically and opto-electronically investigated. Having identified the work function of

p
−

MgSe as 6.74 eV, the role of Ag, C, Au and Pt metal contacts on the performance of the

n
−

Si/

p
−

MgSe (SM) diodes are studied. It is observed that high rectification ratios of ∼104 and 102 are achieved at an applied voltage of 3.0 V for the Ag/SM/C and Ag/SM/Ag diode structures, respectively. In addition, a current responsivity to visible and infrared light of ∼0.70 A W−1 is observed for the Ag/SM/Ag channels. The noise equivalent ratios, the external quantum efficiency and the detectivity of the Ag/SM/Ag diodes suit requirements of visible light and infrared communication detectors. Moreover, studies of the capacitance-voltage characteristics showed capacitor characteristics. The depleting of the Ag/SM/Ag capacitors is possible up to 50 MHz. Furthermore, analyzing the capacitance, resistance and cutoff frequency spectra have shown that the Ag/SM/Ag device channels can perform as negative resistance sources with cutoff frequency values that suits 6G technology requirements.
Performance forecasts for the primordial gravitational wave detection pipelines for AliCPT-1
Authors: Ghosh Shamik , Liu Yang , Zhang Le , Li Siyu , Zhang Junzhou , Wang Jiaxin , Dou Jiazheng , Chen Jiming , Delabrouille Jacques , Remazeilles Mathieu , Feng Chang , Hu Bin , Huang Zhi-Qi , Liu Hao , Santos Larissa , Zhang Pengjie , Zhang Zhaoxuan , Zhao Wen , Li Hong , Zhang Xinmin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
AliCPT is the first Chinese cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiment which will make the most precise measurements of the CMB polarization in the northern hemisphere. The key science goal for AliCPT is the detection of primordial gravitational waves (PGWs). It is well known that an epoch of cosmic inflation, in the very early universe, can produce PGWs, which leave an imprint on the CMB in form of odd parity B-mode polarization. In this work, we study the performance of the component separation and parameter estimation pipelines in context of constraining the value of the tensor-to-scalar ratio. Based on the simulated data for one observation season, we compare five different pipelines with different working principles. Three pipelines perform component separation at map or spectra level before estimating r from the cleaned spectra, while the other two pipelines performs a global fit for both foreground parameters and r. We also test different methods to account for the effects of time stream filtering systematics. This work shows that our pipelines provide consistent and robust constraints on the tensor-to-scalar ratio and
a consistent sensitivity σ(r) ∼ 0.02. This showcases the potential of precise B-mode polarization measurement with AliCPT-1. AliCPT will provide a powerful opportunity to detect PGWs, which is complementary with various ground-based CMB experiments in the southern hemisphere.
Influence of Nb content on the mechanical behavior of zirconium alloys
Authors: Pang C , Li H , Zhao W L , Zhang C H 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Zirconium alloys are basically used in the core structural components of a nuclear reactor. For further understanding mechanical behaviors of zirconium alloy, several alloys with various Nb content are investigated. Microstructure observation, Vickers hardness and mechanical stress-strain curves have been investigated and numerically extracted. Conclusions confirm that the precipitation content of the second phases in Zr-Sn-Nb-Fe-Cr alloys increases with the gradual increment of Nb content. When Nb content reaches to 1.2 wt.%, the excess Nb participates in the formation of second phase containing Nb, which increases the amount of second phases. Moreover, the increase of alloy strength and hardness is mainly attributed to the precipitation strengthening mechanism of second phases.
Effect of parallel resonance on the electron energy distribution function in a 60 MHz capacitively coupled plasma
Authors: HE You , LIM Yeong-Min , LEE Jun-Ho , KIM Ju-Ho , LEE Moo-Young , CHUNG Chin-Wook 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In general, as the radio frequency (RF) power increases in a capacitively coupled plasma (CCP), the power transfer efficiency decreases because the resistance of the CCP decreases. In this work, a parallel resonance circuit is applied to improve the power transfer efficiency at high RF power, and the effect of the parallel resonance on the electron energy distribution function (EEDF) is investigated in a 60 MHz CCP. The CCP consists of a power feed line, the electrodes, and plasma. The reactance of the CCP is positive at 60 MHz and acts like an inductive load. A vacuum variable capacitor (VVC) is connected in parallel with the inductive load, and then the parallel resonance between the VVC and the inductive load can be achieved. As the capacitance of the VVC approaches the parallel resonance condition, the equivalent resistance of the parallel circuit is considerably larger than that without the VVC, and the current flowing through the matching network is greatly reduced. Therefore, the power transfer efficiency of the discharge is improved from 76%, 70%, and 68% to 81%, 77%, and 76% at RF powers of 100 W, 150 W, and 200 W, respectively. At parallel resonance conditions, the electron heating in bulk plasma is enhanced, which cannot be achieved without the VVC even at the higher RF powers. This enhancement of electron heating results in the evolution of the shape of the EEDF from a bi-Maxwellian distribution to a distribution with the smaller temperature difference between high-energy electrons and low-energy electrons. Due to the parallel resonance effect, the electron density increases by approximately 4%, 18%, and 21% at RF powers of 100 W, 150 W, and 200 W, respectively.
Risk of non-hormonal cancer after bariatric surgery: meta-analysis of retrospective observational studies
Authors: Clapp Benjamin , Portela Ray , Sharma Ishna , Nakanishi Hayato , Marrero Katie , Schauer Philip , Halfdanarson Thorvardur R , Abu Dayyeh Barham , Kendrick Michael , Ghanem Omar M 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundObesity is associated with an increased incidence of at least 13 types of cancer. Although bariatric surgery has been associated with a reduced risk of hormonal cancers, data for non-hormonal cancers are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of bariatric surgery on the incidence of non-hormonal cancers.MethodsCochrane, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for articles between 1984 and 2018, following the PRISMA system. Meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effect model with subgroup analysis by procedure and cancer type.ResultsFrom 2526 studies screened, 15 were included. There were a total of 18 583 477 patients, 947 787 in the bariatric group and 17 635 690 in the control group. In comparison to the non-surgical group, the bariatric group had a lower incidence of cancer (OR .65 (95 per cent c.i. 0.53 to 0.80); P &lt; 0.002). In the subgroup analysis, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy were associated with decreased risk of developing cancer, while no difference was observed with adjustable gastric banding. When evaluated by cancer type, liver (OR 0.417 (95 per cent c.i. 0.323 to 0.538)), colorectal (OR 0.64 (95 per cent c.i. 0.49 to 0.84)), kidney and urinary tract cancer (OR 0.77 (95 per cent c.i. 0.72 to 0.83)), oesophageal (OR 0.60 (95 per cent c.i. 0.43 to 0.85)), and lung cancer (OR 0.796 (95 per cent c.i. 0.45 to 0.80)) also presented a lower cancer incidence in the bariatric group.ConclusionBariatric surgery is related to an almost 50 per cent reduction in the risk of non-hormonal cancers.
Accelerated Streptokinase Infusion Regimen Versus Standard Infusion Regimen in STEMI Patients. A Randomized Clinical Trial to Compare Clinical and Angiographic Outcomes
Authors: Ahmed Loai S , Saleh Omar M , Maklady Fathi A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Coronary heart disease is the single largest cause of death in the developed countries. ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) can be treated by primary PCI, thrombolytics or pharmaco-invasive strategy. Streptokinase (SK) is the most widely used fibrinolytic agent in developing countries.SK in acute STEMI has a wide debate about the sufficient dose of infusion.

Aim
To improve the outcome of thrombolytic treatment in STEMI patients in terms of angiographic findings.

Subjects and Methods
A randomized controlled double blinded trial was conducted on 120 adult patients presenting to Suez Canal university cardiac care unit with acute STEMI. Divided into two groups, group A n (60) that received SK in an accelerated infusion protocol over 30 minutes, and group B n (60) who received SK over 60 minutes. Clinical echocardiographic and angiographic outcomes were studied in both groups.

Results
Echocardiographic parameters in the study group were significantly better. RWMA index was 1.56±0.11 in group B, compared to 1.38±0.08 in group A. Mean E/e’ in group A was 12.97±1.29 and 14.5±0.83 in group B . Myocardial blush grade, myocardial TIMI score and myocardial frame count were all statistically significant (p&lt;0.001) favoring accelerated SK infusion protocol. The mean time for chest pain relief was 65 minutes in group A and 80 minutes in group B (p&lt;0.001). Score of ST segment resolution in group A was 1.5±0.504 and 1±0.368 in the control group. With no evidence of clinically significant complications in the study group. Only one patient had intracranial hemorrhage and died.

Conclusions
This study deduced that accelerated protocol was a safe and effective method for administration of STK, there was no significant increase in major bleeding in the control group, and heart failure, arrhythmias and mechanical complications were clinically insignificant to raise any alarm against the use of the accelerated protocol.

Additional Content
An author video to accompany this abstract is available on https://academic.oup.com/eurheartjsupp. Please click on the arrow next to ‘More Content’ and then click on ‘Author videos’.
Impact of the Type of Annuloplasty Prosthesis on Hemodynamic Status after Mitral Valve Repair in Egyptian Patients
Authors: Leon Khaled , Thakeb Yousry 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study is to evaluate mitral valve competency and gradient after mitral valve repair comparing rigid annuloplasty ring vs flat physio II ring.

Methods
Between October 2018 and October 2021, thirty-three (33) patients underwent mitral valve repair by flat physio ring and saddle shaped annuloplasty ring for degenerative and ischemic mitral valve disease respectively.
Correlation between postoperative mitral hemodynamics was evaluated, the ischemic patients were fully revascularized.

Additional Content
An author video to accompany this abstract is available on https://academic.oup.com/eurheartjsupp. Please click on the arrow next to ‘More Content’ and then click on ‘Author videos’.
Coronary Calcification in Asymptomatic Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Abomandour Hala Gouda , Nashy Baher Nabil , Radwan Hanan Ibrahim 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Aim of the work
Noninvasive assessment of the prevalence of coronary heart diseases and coronary artery calcification in patients with asymptomatic metabolic syndrome.

Patients and method
The study is carried out in cardiology department, faculty of medicine, Zagazig university hospitals it includes 240 asymptomatic patients with metabolic syndrome, all patients were subjected to, history taking, clinical examination, Waist circumference measurement (12), Body mass index (13), twelve leads ECG, Laboratory investigations: and measuring calcium score using multi-slice coronary CT according to the Agatson scale, (14)

Results
In this study there was no statistical significance association between diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and triglycerides levels and the extent of coronary artery calcification, while there was statistically significant association between coronary artery calcification and reduced HDL, and increased waist circumference.

Conclusion
Coronary artery calcification screening is an accurate and valuable method for detecting atherosclerotic burden in patients with metabolic syndrome.

Additional Content
An author video to accompany this abstract is available on https://academic.oup.com/eurheartjsupp. Please click on the arrow next to ‘More Content’ and then click on ‘Author videos’.
Value of diastolic stress echocardiography combined with speckle tracking imaging in assessment of patients with exertional dyspnea and normal resting left ventricular functions
Authors: Magdy Gehan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
A group of patients presenting with exertional dyspnea and a preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) have a normal resting left ventricular (LV) filling pressure which increases with exercise or stress due to diastolic dysfunction.

Objectives
We aimed to study the value of diastolic stress echocardiography combined with speckle tracking imaging in assessment of patients with exertional dyspnea and normal resting LV functions.

Patients
We prospectively studied 200 patients their age ≤60years who had unexplained exertional dyspnea and unable to do exercise test including those with (severe physical or mental inability, morbid obesity, recent stroke, etc) all patients included in the study had a normal both LV systolic function (LVEF≥50%), and diastolic function by conventional echocardiography.

Methods
All patients were subjected to a standard DSE protocol with incremental dobutamine infusion rates of 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 mg/kg/min each stage lasts for 3 minutes, and the following LV echo parameters were recorded at baseline and at peak dose of the DSE; LVEF, (E/e') it is the ratio between early mitral inflow velocity and mitral annular early diastolic velocity, also two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging(2D-STI) was done to measure LV global longitudinal systolic strain (GLS), global longitudinal diastolic strain rate (DSr) during early filling (DSrE), late diastole (DSrA).

Results
The study included 200 patients their mean age 45.7 ± 8.4 years(60% were males). The LVEF, and the GLS showed non-significant difference at baseline compared to peak dose DSE (P=0.81, 0.73 respectively), the E/e', DSrA and E/DSrE were significantly increased from baseline to peak study(p &lt;0.001, 0.003,and 0.006 respectively), while DSrE was significantly decreased at peak stress(p &lt; 0.001), and the E/DSrE, and DSrE were significantly correlated to E/e'(p &lt; 0.001)

Conclusions
DSE combined with global diastolic strain rate parameters are valuable methods to evaluate diastolic dysfunction in patients with exertional dyspnea and normal resting myocardial functions.

Additional Content
An author video to accompany this abstract is available on https://academic.oup.com/eurheartjsupp. Please click on the arrow next to ‘More Content’ and then click on ‘Author videos’.
Recent advances and challenges in the early diagnosis and management of invasive fungal infections in Africa
Authors: Ibe Chibuike , Otu Akaninyene Asuquo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Invasive fungal infections are a serious concern globally, especially in African settings which are typified by poorly funded and fragile healthcare systems. Low performance diagnostics, limited therapeutics and poor societal awareness of invasive fungal infections are some of the perennial challenges which have contributed to the unacceptably high death rates from these serious infections. However, recent advances have been recorded in fungal diagnostics and therapeutics development. Research into the development of vaccines to prevent fungal disease is beginning to yield promising results. Here we highlight key successes recorded and gaps in this journey and argue that national governments and relevant stakeholders need to do more to prioritise invasive fungal infections. Pragmatic and context-specific measures are proposed to mitigate the peculiar challenges Africa faces in tackling invasive fungal infections.
Screening of α-amino acid ester acyl transferase variant with improved activity by combining rational and random mutagenesis
Authors: Abe Isao , Tagami Uno , Kashiwagi Tatsuki , Sugiyama Masakazu , Suzuki Shun-ichi , Takagi Hiroshi , Yokozeki Kenzo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Random and rational mutagenesis of an α-amino acid ester acyl transferase from Sphingobacterium siyangensis AJ2458 (SAET) was conducted to examine the production of aspartame, an α-l-aspartyl-l-phenylalanine methyl ester. We previously reported aspartame production via combination of enzymatic and chemical methods. However, the productivity of the aspartame intermediate by SAET was approximately one-fifth that of l-alanyl-l-glutamine (Ala-Gln), whose production method has already been established. Here, to improve the enzymatic activity of SAET, we performed random mutagenesis in the gene encoding SAET and obtained 10 mutations that elevated the enzymatic activity (1.2- to 1.7-fold increase) relative to that of wild-type SAET. To further improve the activity, we performed mutagenesis to optimize the combination of the obtained mutations and finally selected one SAET variant with 10 amino acid substitutions (M35-4 SAET). An Escherichia coli strain overexpressing M35-4 SAET displayed a 5.7-fold higher activity than that of the wild-type SAET, which was almost equal to that of Ala-Gln by an E. coli strain overexpressing wild-type SAET. The Vmax value of M35-4 SAET was 2.0-fold greater, and its thermostability was higher than those of wild-type SAET. These results suggest that the obtained SAET variants contribute to improvement in aspartame production.