bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling Solubility of Anhydrite and Gypsum in Aqueous Solutions: Implications for Swelling of Clay-Sulfate Rocks
Authors: Taherdangkoo Reza , Meng Tao , Amar Menad Nait , Sun Yuantian , Sadighi Ali , Butscher Christoph 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe swelling of clay-sulfate rocks is a well-known phenomenon often causing threats to the success of various geotechnical projects, including tunneling, road and bridge construction, and geothermal drilling. The origin of clay-sulfate swelling is usually explained by physical swelling due to clay expansion combined with chemical swelling associated with the transformation of anhydrite (CaSO4) into gypsum (CaSO4∙2H2O). The latter occurs through anhydrite dissolution and subsequent gypsum precipitation. Numerical models that simulate rock swelling must consider hydraulic, mechanical, and chemical processes. The simulation of the chemical processes is performed by solving thermodynamic equations, which usually contribute a significant portion of the overall computation time. This paper employs feed-forward neural network (FFNN) and cascade-forward neural network (CFNN) models trained with a Bayesian regularization (BR) algorithm as an alternative approach to determine the solubility of anhydrite and gypsum in the aqueous phase. The network models are developed using calcium sulfate experimental data collected from the literature. Our results indicate that the FFNN-BR is the most accurate model for the regression task. The comparison analysis with the Pitzer ion interaction model as well as previously published data-driven models shows that the FFNN-BR model is highly accurate in determining the solubility of sulfate minerals in acid and salt-containing solutions. We conclude from our results that the FFNN-BR model can be used to determine the solubility of anhydrite and gypsum needed to address typical subsurface engineering problems such as swelling of clay-sulfate rocks.
Filum terminale transection in pediatric tethered cord syndrome: a single center, population-based, cohort study of 95 cases
Authors: Edström Erik , Wesslén Charlotte , Fletcher-Sandersjöö Alexander , Elmi-Terander Adrian , Sandvik Ulrika 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to evaluate outcome following surgical transection of filum terminale (FT) in symptomatic and asymptomatic pediatric patients with radiological findings consistent with tethered cord syndrome (TCS).

Methods
Patients < 17 years who underwent untethering surgery between 2007 and 2018 were screened for eligibility. Those who had undergone primary transection of the FT, and had preoperative radiological findings of fatty filum, thickened FT, or low-lying conus, below the pedicles of L2, were included. The cohort was divided into symptomatic and asymptomatic depending on clinical presentation. Surgical complications and functional outcome was recorded.

Results
In total, 95 patients were included, of whom 62 were symptomatic. In symptomatic patients, the main indications for radiological evaluation were scoliosis (29%) and motor symptoms (19%). In asymptomatic patients, skin stigmata (76%) were the most common finding. Fatty or thick FT was the most common radiographic finding, seen in 61% of symptomatic and 79% of asymptomatic cases. All patients underwent transection of the FT and were followed for a median of 1.8 years. A postoperative complication occurred in 12%, all Ibanez type Ib and managed without invasive treatment. For the symptomatic cohort, significant improvement was seen for both urodynamic assessment (48% improved, p = 0.002) and sensorimotor function (42% improved, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Neurological improvement or halted deterioration was seen in the majority of symptomatic cases. Asymptomatic patients did not experience any severe complications. Filum transection should be offered to symptomatic and asymptomatic patients upon diagnosis of fatty filum, thickened FT, or low-lying conus.
Influence of the use of autogenous bone particles to close the access window after maxillary sinus floor augmentation: a micro‐computed tomography and positron emission tomography study in rabbits
Authors: Feletto Luigi , Botticelli Daniele , Apaza Alccayhuaman Karol Ali , Peñarrocha-Diago Miguel , Ezzeddin-Ayoub Mustafa , Zaragozi-Alonso Regino , Viña-Almunia Jose 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Aim
The purpose of this study was to evaluate using microCT and positron emission tomography (PET) analysis, the influence on bone healing of the placement of particulate autogenous bone in the antrostomy, and in the subjacent region after maxillary sinus elevation with xenograft.

Material and methods
The sinus mucosa was elevated in sixteen male New Zealand rabbits and they were both grafted with a collagenated cortico-cancellous porcine bone. The antrostomy and the near subjacent region were filled with either the same xenograft (control site) or with particulate autogenous bone (test site) harvested from the tibia. The antrostomies were covered with collagen membranes. MicroCT (measured in Hounsfield Units) and microPET (kBq/cm3) using sodium fluoride infiltration (18F-NaF) were performed at the time of euthanasia that was performed after 1 and 8 weeks of healing, using 8 animals in each group. The Wilcoxon test was used for analysis.

Results
At the microCT analysis, after 1 and 8 weeks of healing, no statistically significant differences were found between groups. Bone increased and xenograft decreased significantly between the two periods of healing. At the microPET analysis, the percentage of bone increased significantly over time in both test and control groups and no significant differences were found between groups.

Conclusion
The placement of autogenous bone in the antrostomy and the subjacent region after maxillary sinus elevation did not enhance bone formation compared with sites where only xenograft was used. Both microCT and microPET showed increase bone formation over time.
Learning the travelling salesperson problem requires rethinking generalization
Authors: Joshi Chaitanya K. , Cappart Quentin , Rousseau Louis-Martin , Laurent Thomas 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEnd-to-end training of neural network solvers for graph combinatorial optimization problems such as the Travelling Salesperson Problem (TSP) have seen a surge of interest recently, but remain intractable and inefficient beyond graphs with few hundreds of nodes. While state-of-the-art learning-driven approaches for TSP perform closely to classical solvers when trained on trivially small sizes, they are unable to generalize the learnt policy to larger instances at practical scales. This work presents an end-to-endneural combinatorial optimizationpipeline that unifies several recent papers in order to identify the inductive biases, model architectures and learning algorithms that promote generalization to instances larger than those seen in training. Our controlled experiments provide the first principled investigation into suchzero-shotgeneralization, revealing that extrapolating beyond training data requires rethinking the neural combinatorial optimization pipeline, from network layers and learning paradigms to evaluation protocols. Additionally, we analyze recent advances in deep learning for routing problems through the lens of our pipeline and provide new directions to stimulate future research.
The evolutionary relationship between bere barley and other types of cultivated barley
Authors: Drosou Konstantina , Craig Hayley , Palmer Karren , Kennedy Sandra L. , Wishart John , Oliveira Hugo R. , Civáň Peter , Martin Peter , Brown Terence A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe used genotyping-by-sequencing to investigate the evolutionary history of bere, the oldest barley variety still cultivated in Britain and possibly in all of Europe. With a panel of 203 wild and 401 cultivated barley accessions, including 35 samples identified as bere, we obtained filtered datasets comprising up to 1,946,469 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The beres formed two genetically-distinct groups, the larger of which included beres from Orkney and the Scottish Western Isles, as well as varieties not identified as bere from the Faroe Islands. This group of beres was distinct from other British barleys, but had a close genetic affiliation with Scandinavian accessions. Although the data were partly compatible with the traditional view that bere was introduced to Scotland by the Vikings during the eighth century AD, the evidence as whole suggested that the bere and Scandinavian barleys are sister groups descended from a more distant common progenitor, possibly dating to the Bronze Age when hulled barleys first become common in northern Europe. More recently, there has been gene flow from these beres into Polish barleys, possibly following export of grain to the Baltic region during periods when Orkney was under Norwegian or Danish rule. A second, smaller group of beres, which included a traditional Welsh variety, was genetically distinct from the main group and probably represents a more recent introduction of barley from central Europe. Our results emphasize the uniqueness of bere barley and its importance as a heritage crop and a potential source of germplasm for breeding programmes.
A piecewise constitutive model for collagen fiber tissues
Authors: Ji X. L. , Zhang H. H. , Han S. Y. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractInspired by Meyers et al. (Science, 2013), a piecewise model is established so as to individually predict both the heel region and the linear region of stress–strain curve. When the piecewise model satisfactorily predicts the experimental data, the constitutive parameters are precisely identified with definite physical significances. Along with this piecewise guideline, a complete constitutive model can be established for the whole stress–strain curve of collagen fiber tissues with the failure region as well.
Tuning the Properties of Ba-M Hexaferrite BaFe11.5Co0.5O19: A Road Towards Diverse Applications
Authors: Ateia Ebtesam E. , Elsayed Kareem , Ramadan Rania 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe development of hexaferrite nanoparticles is scrutinized as potential sorbents for the removal of chromium (Cr) ions from aqueous chromium-containing solutions in a batch adsorption experiment. The transition metal Co doped BaFe12O19 hexaferrite compounds (BHF) have been synthesized successfully via citrate auto combustion technique. The structure, surface morphology and magnetic properties of the samples were studied. X-ray diffraction pattern ratifies the existence of hexagonal phase as a main phase for the prepared samples. The average crystallite sizes are found in the range of 47–49 nm. The high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), as well as the Fourier, transform infrared spectrophotometry results confirm an M-type hexagonal structure existing. The χ-T indicates the temperature-dependent ferromagnetic behavior of BHF nanoparticles. The derivative shows a single transition temperature Tc at 698 °C, and 710 °C for BHF and BCHF respectively. The prepared samples are utilized as an adsorbent for the removal of Cr (VI) from the aqueous solution. The maximum adsorption capacity (qm) of Cr (VI) on the nano hexaferrite is higher than that of various other adsorbents testified in the literature. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model gives a better fit to the experimental data.
Peer Victimization, Internalizing Problems, and the Buffering Role of Friendship Quality: Disaggregating Between- and Within-Person Associations
Authors: Bernasco Esther L. , van der Graaff Jolien , Meeus Wim H. J. , Branje Susan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAlthough many studies have shown an association between peer victimization and internalizing problems, which may be buffered by friendship quality, it is unclear whether these associations apply to within-person processes as well. This would mean that at times when adolescents experience more victimization than they usually do, they also experience more internalizing problems. The current study disaggregated between- and within-person variation to examine the association between peer victimization and symptoms of depression and anxiety, and the protective effect of friend support and conflict. Participants were 497 Dutch adolescents (56% boys) with a mean age of 13.03 (SDage = 0.45, ranging from 11.68 to 15.56 at Wave 1). They participated in a 6-wave questionnaire study, with each wave taking place approximately one year after the previous. The results showed that peer victimization was associated with depressive symptoms and anxiety across adolescence, both between and within persons. Friend support buffered this association at the between-person level, but not the within-person level. This study highlights the impact of peer victimization and suggests that friend support may partly protect adolescents from the effects of peer victimization.
Gender stereotypes: implicit threat to performance or boost for motivational aspects in primary school?
Authors: Hermann Johanna Maria , Vollmeyer Regina 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBased on stereotype threat and stereotype lift theory, this study explores implicit stereotype threat effects of gender stereotypes on the performance of primary school children in mathematics. Moreover, effects of implicit gender stereotypical cues (gender-specific task material) on motivational aspects were explored, which have revealed mixed results in stereotype threat research in the past. N = 151 German primary school children (47.7% female; mean age: M = 9.81, SD = 0.60) calculated either stereotypical or neutral mathematical text problems before motivational aspects were assessed. Contradicting our expectations, results neither revealed a stereotype threat effect on girls’ performance nor a lift effect on the boys. Instead, girls calculating stereotypical tasks outperformed girls in the control group, whereas boys’ performance did not significantly differ compared to the control group. Regarding motivational aspects, only traditional gender differences emerged as girls reported significantly more pressure and tension calculating the mathematical tasks. The discussion focuses on the way in which stereotypes can affect children’s cognitive performance and in turn, their mathematical performance.
Debaryomyces hansenii: an old acquaintance for a fresh start in the era of the green biotechnology
Authors: Navarrete Clara , Estrada Mònica , Martínez José L. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe halophilic yeast Debaryomyces hansenii has been studied for several decades, serving as eukaryotic model for understanding salt and osmotic tolerance. Nevertheless, lack of consensus among different studies is found and, sometimes, contradictory information derived from studies performed in very diverse conditions. These two factors hampered its establishment as the key biotechnological player that was called to be in the past decade. On top of that, very limited (often deficient) engineering tools are available for this yeast. Fortunately Debaryomyces is again gaining momentum and recent advances using highly instrumented lab scale bioreactors, together with advanced –omics and HT-robotics, have revealed a new set of interesting results. Those forecast a very promising future for D. hansenii in the era of the so-called green biotechnology. Moreover, novel genetic tools enabling precise gene editing on this yeast are now available. In this review, we highlight the most recent developments, which include the identification of a novel gene implicated in salt tolerance, a newly proposed survival mechanism for D. hansenii at very high salt and limiting nutrient concentrations, and its utilization as production host in biotechnological processes.
The effects of mandibular advancement appliance therapy on the sequence of jaw-closing muscle activity and respiratory events in individuals with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Li Deshui , Aarab Ghizlane , Lobbezoo Frank , Arcache Patrick , Lavigne Gilles J. , Huynh Nelly 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Purpose
To determine the effects of a mandibular advancement appliance (MAA) on sequences of jaw-closing muscle activity (JCMA) and apneic or hypopneic event (AHE) in individuals with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Methods
Individuals with OSA were included in a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled crossover trial, in which two ambulatory polysomnographic recordings were performed: one with MAA in situ and the other without MAA. A time span of 16 s between JCMA and AHE was applied to classify JCMAs into four sequences: (1) JCMA occurs before AHE (B-type); (2) both events occur simultaneously (S-type); (3) JCMA occurs after AHE (A-type); and (4) JCMA is time-unrelated to AHE (U-type). The effects of MAA on the distribution of these sequences were analyzed by Wilcoxon signed-rank test.

Results
Among 16 individuals (10 men, mean age 51.3 ± 8.5 years) baseline apnea–hypopnea index and JCMA index were 23.8 ± 16.0 events/h and 10.8 ± 10.3 events/h, respectively. In both conditions, i.e., without and with MAA, most JCMAs were U-type (48% and 65%, respectively), followed by A-type (41% and 22%), B-type (25% and 21%), and S-type (2% and 1%). With MAA in situ, only the A-type JCMA index decreased significantly (P = 0.005), while B-type, S-type, and U-type JCMA indices did not change significantly (all P > 0.05).

Conclusion
MAA therapy only significantly reduces the jaw-closing muscle activities that occur after apneic or hypopneic events in individuals with OSA.

Trial registration
www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02011425); December 13, 2013.
First detection of microplastics in Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus 1758) digestive tract from Eivissa Island (Western Mediterranean)
Authors: Cohen-Sánchez Amanda , Solomando Antònia , Pinya Samuel , Tejada Silvia , Valencia José María , Box Antonio , Sureda Antoni 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Plastic waste and its ubiquity in the oceans represent a growing problem for marine life worldwide. Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous in the sea and easily enter food webs. Xyrichtys novacula L. is one of the main target species of recreational fishing in the Balearic Islands, Spain. In the present study, the quantity of MPs in gastrointestinal tracts of X. novacula from two different areas (a marine protected area (MPA) and a non-protected area) of Eivissa Island (in the Balearic archipelago) has been assessed, as well as MPs evaluation within the sediment of both areas. The results showed that over 80% of sampled individuals had MPs in their gut with an average of 3.9 ± 4.3 plastic items/individual. Eighty percent of these plastics were fibres, while the rest were fragments. Although the sediment of the non-protected area had a significant higher presence of MPs, no significant differences in the number of MPs were observed in X. novacula from both areas. The µ-FT-IR analysis showed that the main polymers in the sediments were polycarbonate (PC) and polypropylene (PP), whereas in the digestive tract of fish PC, PP, polyethylene, polystyrene and polyester. In conclusion, practically all X. novacula specimens presented MPs in their digestive tract regardless if the capture zone was in a MPAs or not. These results highlight the ubiquity of MPs in coastal marine areas, and further studies might be necessary to evaluate further implications of MP presence in this species.
Accumulation of γδ T cells in visceral fat with aging promotes chronic inflammation
Authors: Bruno Maria E. C. , Mukherjee Sujata , Powell Whitney L. , Mori Stephanie F. , Wallace Franklyn K. , Balasuriya Beverly K. , Su Leon C. , Stromberg Arnold J. , Cohen Donald A. , Starr Marlene E. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAdipose tissue dysfunction is strongly linked to the development of chronic inflammation and cardiometabolic disorders in aging. While much attention has been given to the role of resident adipose tissue immune cells in the disruption of homeostasis in obesity, age-specific effects remain understudied. Here, we identified and characterized a population of γδ T cells, which show unique age-dependent accumulation in the visceral adipose tissue (VAT) of both mice and humans. Diet-induced obesity likewise increased γδ T cell numbers; however, the effect was greater in the aged where the increase was independent of fat mass. γδ T cells in VAT express a tissue-resident memory T cell phenotype (CD44hiCD62LlowCD69+) and are predominantly IL-17A-producing cells. Transcriptome analyses of immunomagnetically purified γδ T cells identified significant age-associated differences in expression of genes related to inflammation, immune cell composition, and adipocyte differentiation, suggesting age-dependent qualitative changes in addition to the quantitative increase. Genetic deficiency of γδ T cells in old age improved the metabolic phenotype, characterized by increased respiratory exchange ratio, and lowered levels of IL-6 both systemically and locally in VAT. Decreased IL-6 was predominantly due to reduced production by non-immune stromal cells, primarily preadipocytes, and adipose-derived stem cells. Collectively, these findings suggest that an age-dependent increase of tissue-resident γδ T cells in VAT contributes to local and systemic chronic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction in aging.
Experimental Study of the Cu2O-FeOx-CaO System in Equilibrium With Metallic Copper at 1200 °C to 1300 °C and at P(O2)s = 10−5 to 10−7 Atm
Authors: Sineva Svetlana , Shishin Denis , Starykh Roman , Shevchenko Maksym , Jak Evgueni 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The experimental study of the phase equilibria between calcium ferrite slag, metallic copper, spinel and/or dicalcium ferrite in the Cu2O-FeO
x
-CaO system has been carried out. Effects of temperature, oxygen partial pressure and Fe/CaO ratio on phase assemblages and compositions have been estimated. The advanced experimental technique including high-temperature equilibration on primary phase substrates, rapid quenching of the samples and quantitative measurements of equilibrated phase compositions using electron probe X-ray microanalysis has been applied. Spinel and dicalcium ferrite substrates have been specially designed to study phase equilibria at certain primary phase fields. Obtained experimental results have been compared with thermodynamic assessment of the Cu2O-FeO
x
-CaO system and available literature data.
Does a Low Amount of Substituents Improve the Thermoelectric Properties of Cr2−xMxS3 (M = Ti, V, Sn)?
Authors: Groß Hendrik , Ekici Yeliz , Poschmann Michael , Groeneveld Dennis , Dankwort Torben , Koenig Jan D. , Bensch Wolfgang , Kienle Lorenz 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe effects of low-level partial cation substitution in Cr2−xMxS3 with M = Ti, V or Sn and x = 0.05 and 0.1 have been investigated regarding the long- and short-range crystal structures and thermoelectric properties. All substituted compounds crystallized in the equilibrium phase of Cr2S3, adopting the space group R$${\overline{\text{3}}}$$

3
¯

. Electron beam irradiation led to a phase transformation from space group R$${\overline{\text{3}}}$$

3
¯

to P$${\overline{\text{3}}}$$

3
¯

1c with a subsequent appearance of diffuse scattering, indicating short-range ordering of cations in the partially occupied cation layers. Substitution of Cr by V led to a reduction in electrical conductivity and subsequently to a lower thermoelectric performance in comparison to the pristine material. In contrast, substitution with Ti yielded an improvement of the performance due to a higher electrical conductivity and a reasonably high Seebeck coefficient. Both Sn-substituted compounds contained only traces of Sn. Surprisingly, a significant improvement of the electrical conductivities could be observed in comparison to the pristine material as well as the other Cr2−xMxS3 materials.