bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidémiologie Des Anomalies Morphologiques Néonatales En Milieu Hospitalier À Kara (Nord Togo) De 2014 À 2019
Authors: KAR Segbedji , O-B Tchagbele , OE Takassi , K Kombieni , SM Talboussouma , H Agrigna , KE Djadou , AD Gbadoé , KD Azoumah 
Published: February 2022

La rareté apparente des malformations néonatales cliniquement décelables au Nord Togo a motivé la présente étude de série de cas visant à décrire l’aspect épidémiologique de ces malformations en milieu hospitalier. La prévalence des malformations néonatales était de de 3,6 pour 1000 naissance vivantes. Les malformations retrouvées concernaient essentiellement la tête et la face (37,2%), les membres (33%) et la colonne vertébrale (14,9%), les organes génitaux externes (9,4%) et l’abdomen (6,3%). Les nouveau-nés malformés étaient issus pour la plupart des mères âgées entre 26 et 30 ans (31,25%), ménagères (67,2%), et de niveau scolaire primaire (47%). Les facteurs de risque susceptibles d’être responsables de la survenue des malformations congénitales sont l’âge maternel avancé, le bas niveau socio-économique, l’alcoolisme, et la multiparité (43,7%).
The apparent rarity of clinically detectable neonatal malformations in North Togo motivated the present case series study aimed at describing the epidemiology of these malformations in hospital settings. The prevalence of neonatal malformations was 3.6 per 1000 live births. The malformations found mainly concerned the head and face (37.2%), limbs (33%) and spine (14.9%), external genitalia (9.4%) and abdomen (6.3%). The malformed newborns were mostly from mothers aged between 26 and 30 years (31.25%), housewives (67.2%), and primary school level (47%). The risk factors likely to be responsible for the occurrence of congenital malformations are maternal advanced age, low socioeconomic status, alcoholism, and multiparity (43.7%).
Phytochemical Screening, Antibacterial Activity And Acute Oral Toxicity Of Aqueous And Ethanolic Extracts Of Harrisonia Abyssinica (Rutaceae) Leaf: Wild Plant Used In Benin Pharmacopeia
Authors: Raïmantou Egbèyèmi Ogougbé , Ménonvè Cynthia Atindéhou , Razack Osséni , Rodrigue Hounguè , Anatole Lalèyè , Julien Djégo 
Published: February 2022

Harrisonia abyssinica is a wild plant with multiple therapeutic properties used in traditional medicine in Benin. This study aimed at evaluating the preliminary phytochemical screening of large groups of secondary metabolites, antibacterial activity and acute oral toxicity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of H. abyssinica leaves. Antibacterial activity evaluation was doing by microdilution method on bacterial (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella sp, Shigella sp and Vibrio cholerae). Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was determined using Iodonitrotetrazolium salt as revelator. Wistar rats were used for acute oral toxicity test in which single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight of ethanolic and aqueous extract were administered; the control group received distilled water. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of gallic tannins, alkaloids, reducing sugar, coumarins, quinones, steroids, terpene and saponosides. No toxicity was observed in rats. The LD50 obtained was greater than 2000 mg / kg bw of rats. No macroscopic and histological abnormalities were seen in kidneys and liver analyzes. Ethanolic extract of H. abyssinica showed a better activity than aqueous extract with a MIC of 1.25 mg / mL compared to 5 mg / mL for aqueous extract.
On the Immunometabolic Role of NF-κB in Adipocytes
Authors: Griffin Michael J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Two decades of research have established that Nuclear Factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling plays a critical role in reprogramming the fat cell transcriptome towards inflammation in response to overnutrition and metabolic stress. Several groups have suggested that inhibition of NF-κB signaling could have metabolic benefits for obesity-associated adipose tissue inflammation. However, two significant problems arise with this approach. The first is how to deliver general NF-κB inhibitors into adipocytes without allowing these compounds to disrupt normal functioning in cells of the immune system. The second issue is that general inhibition of canonical NF-κB signaling in adipocytes will likely lead to a massive increase in adipocyte apoptosis under conditions of metabolic stress, leading full circle into a secondary inflammation (However, this problem may not be true for non-canonical NF-κB signaling.). This review will focus on the research that has examined canonical and non-canonical NF-κB signaling in adipocytes, focusing on genetic studies that examine loss-of-function of NF-κB specifically in fat cells. Although the development of general inhibitors of canonical NF-κB signaling seems unlikely to succeed in alleviating adipose tissue inflammation in humans, the door remains open for more targeted therapeutics. In principle, these would include compounds that interrogate NF-κB DNA binding, protein-protein interactions, or post-translational modifications that partition NF-κB activity towards some genes and away from others in adipocytes. I also discuss the possibility for inhibitors of non-canonical NF-κB signaling to realize success in mitigating fat cell dysfunction in obesity. To plant the seeds for such approaches, much biochemical "digging" in adipocytes remains; this includes identifying-in an unbiased manner - NF-κB direct and indirect targets, genomic DNA binding sites for all five NF-κB subunits, NF-κB protein-protein interactions, and post-translational modifications of NF-κB in fat cells.
Predicting Patient Loss to Follow-up in the STABILITY 1 Study
Authors: Firth Andrew D. , Bryant Dianne M. , Johnson Andrew M. , Getgood Alan M.J. ,   the STABILITY 1 Study Group
Published: February 2022

Background:
Patients lost to follow-up (LTF) impact even the most meticulously planned randomized controlled trials. Identifying patients at high risk for becoming LTF and employing strategies to retain these patients may reduce attrition bias.

Methods:
A cohort of 618 young, active patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in the STABILITY 1 study was analyzed. Patients completed clinical testing and 9 questionnaires at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months. Multivariable logistic regression was performed for 5 different definitions of LTF. Patient characteristics and study site were included as predictors.

Results:
The LTF rate was 8.3%. Current or previous smokers (odds ratio [OR] = 2.77; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.20 to 5.96), those employed part-time (OR = 2.31; 95% CI: 1.04 to 5.14), and those with body mass index (BMI) of ≥25 kg/m2 had significantly greater odds of becoming LTF compared with nonsmokers, students, and those with BMI of <25 kg/m2, respectively. Those employed part-time were >8 times more likely (95% CI: 2.66 to 26.28) to become LTF compared with students within the first year. Postoperative BMI of ≥25 kg/m2 was significantly associated with 2 times greater odds of missing the in-person clinical examination at any visit or becoming LTF after the first postoperative year. The clinical site was the single largest predictor of missing data at any visit.

Conclusions:
Current or previous smoking, part-time employment, and BMI of ≥25 kg/m2 were significant predictors of becoming LTF, and part-time employment was significantly associated with early LTF. BMI of ≥25 kg/m2 was also associated with late LTF and clinical LTF. The clinical site was significantly associated with missing data at any visit. While we cannot accurately predict who will become LTF, investigators should be aware of these factors to identify high-risk patients and focus retention strategies accordingly.

Clinical Relevance:
Understanding factors related to becoming LTF in young, active patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction can help investigators target retention strategies to reduce LTF in studies requiring clinical follow-up in similar populations.
Management of Foreign Organic Material Identified During Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Radford Zachary , Newman-Plotnick Harry , Wiznia Daniel 
Published: February 2022

Case:
A 54-year-old man underwent total knee arthroplasty, during which organic plant material was incidentally discovered within the prepatellar bursa. A combination of high-dose antibiotic-loaded bone cement to implant primary components and an extended course of postoperative antibiotics were used to lower the risk of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). One year after operation he remains infection-free with improved mobility and decreased pain.

Conclusion:
Presented with the risk of unexpected tissue contamination, the team used both high-dose antibiotic cement and a course of postoperative antibiotic therapy. This infection prevention strategy is a reasonable course of action in patients at high risk for primary PJI.
Intrusive Complexes of the Late Neoproterozoic Island Arc Structure of the Lake Zone (Mongolia): Isotope Systematics and Sources of Melts
Authors: Rudnev S.N. , Turkina O.M. , Mal’kovets V.G. , Belousova E.A. , Serov P.A. , Kiseleva V.Yu. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
–We present data on the geochemical and Sr–Nd isotope compositions of rocks and on the Lu–Hf isotope composition of magmatic and xenogenic zircons from granitoids and gabbroids of the late Neoproterozoic island arc structure of the Lake Zone. Plagiogranitoids, gabbroids, and quartz diorites (559–542 Ma) formed at the late Neoproterozoic subduction stage of magmatism, and two-feldspathic granites (~483 Ma) mark Cambrian–Ordovician accretion–collision processes. We have established that the volcanic rocks of the late Neoproterozoic island arc and/or its oceanic base, which formed from the depleted mantle, were the mafic source of plagiogranitoids. This is proved by the overlapping positive εNd values of plagiogranitoids and the host volcanic rocks and by the commensurate εHf values of magmatic zircons from the plagiogranitoids and depleted mantle. The lower εNd values of gabbro and quartz diorites from the Tavan Hayrhan and Shuthuyn plutons, the lower εHf values of zircons from these rocks, and the high (87Sr/86Sr)0 ratios and K2O, Rb, and Th contents point to the generation of these rocks from a less depleted mantle source, namely, mantle wedge peridotites. The isotope composition of the latter changed at the previous subduction stage under the impact of fluids and with the contribution of subducted sediments. The least radiogenic Hf isotope composition of magmatic and xenogenic zircons from Ordovician accretion–collisional two-feldspathic granites of the Ih Zamiin pluton suggests their formation through the melting of the late Neoproterozoic–Cambrian island arc crust with the contribution of more differentiated crustal sources enriched in Th, Nb, and LREE and characterized by low εNd values. The age of xenogenic zircons (≤716 Ma) in the studied granitoids and gabbroids and their similarity in Hf isotope composition to magmatic zircons from the same rocks confirm the formation of the late Neoproterozoic island arc of the Lake Zone in an intraoceanic setting far from ancient continental sources similar to the Dzavhan microcontinent.
CPNE8 as a Novel Biomarker for the Prognostic and Immunological Role by Pan-Cancer Analysis and Cerna Network of CPNE8 in Stomach Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Lin Lu , Lu Lin , Zhang Peiling , Peng Qian , Liu Guolong , Guan Mingmei , Cao Xiaofei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
BackgroundCalcium-dependent protein copine 8 (CPNE8), a new member of Copine family, emerges important roles in malignancies. However, the expression and potential role of CPNE8 in pan cancer remain unclear. Methods: Pan cancer analysis of CPNE8 expression in 33 types of cancers were based on data downloaded from the University of California Santa Cruz (UCSC) Xena database. The clinical significances of CPNE8 were analyzed using Cox regression analysis and Kaplan Meier survival analysis. Correlations between CPNE8 expression and tumor immune microenvironment were assessed using ESTIMATE algorithm, CIBERSORT analysis and online database TISIDB. The correlations between CPNE8 expression and tumor mutation burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI) status and response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) were further explored. Moreover, competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks related to CPNE8 and its correlations with immune cell related genes were further studied in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD).Results: Differential expression of CPNE8 were identified in 14 types of cancers. Differential expression of CPNE8 could predict tumor stage or prognosis of various cancer patients. Pan cancer analysis indicated that CPNE8 demonstrated oncogenic role in STAD, head and Neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) and esophageal carcinoma (ESCA), and tumor suppressive role in thyroid carcinoma (THCA). These four cohorts were selected for further study due to their consistent results in expression and prognostic values. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed that CPNE8 might regulate several key immune-related signaling pathways. Furthermore, CPNE8 expression was significantly correlated with the infiltration of different subtypes of immune cells, TMB and MSI. Moreover, PWAR5 and LIFR-AS1 could sponge miR-222-3p as ceRNAs to regulate the expression of CPNE8 in STAD. In addition, CPNE8 was significantly correlated with the expression of immune cell related genes, such as CD8 T cells, macrophages, B cells and dendritic cells in STAD.Conclusion: This study demonstrated that CPNE8 could serve as a promising biomarker associated with the prognosis and immune microenvironment in several malignancies.
The Effects of Sodium Butyrate Supplementation on the Expression Levels of PGC-1α, PPARα, and UCP-1 Genes, Serum Level of GLP-1, Metabolic Parameters, and Anthropometric Indices in Obese Individuals on Weight-Loss Diet: A Study Protocol for a Triple-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Hosseini SeyedAhmad , Amiri Parichehr , Roshanravan Neda , Saghafi-Asl Maryam , Tootoonchian Mitra 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
BackgroundObesity is a multifaceted disease characterized by an abnormal accumulation of adipose tissue. Growing evidence has proposed microbiota-derived metabolites as a potential factor in the pathophysiology of obesity and related metabolic conditions over the last decade. As one of the essential metabolites, Butyrate affects several host cellular mechanisms related to appetite sensations and weight control. However, the effects of Butyrate on obesity in humans have yet to be studied. Thus, the present study was aimed to evaluate the effects of Sodium Butyrate (SB) supplementation on the expression levels of peroxisome proliferator activated-receptor (PPAR) gamma coactivator -1α (PGC-1α), PPARα and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) genes, serum level of glucagon-like peptide (GLP1), metabolic parameters, as well as anthropometric indices in obese individuals on weight-loss diet.MethodsThis triple-blind RCT will include 50 eligible obese subjects aged between 18-60 years. Participants will be randomly assigned into two groups: 8 weeks of SB (600 mg/day) + hypo-caloric diet or placebo (600 mg/day) + hypo-caloric diet. At weeks 0 and 8, distinct objectives will be pursued: 1) PGC-1α, PPARα, and UCP1 genes expression will be evaluated by Real-time polymerase chain reaction 2) Biochemical parameters will be assayed using enzymatic methods, 3) Insulin and GLP1 serum level will be assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Discussion New evidence from this trial may help fill the knowledge gap in this realm and facilitate multi-center clinical trials with a substantially larger sample size.Trial registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials: IRCT20190303042905N2. Registered on 31 January 2021. https://en.irct.ir/trial/53968
Safety, tolerability and viral kinetics during SARS-CoV-2 human challenge
Authors: Killingley Ben , Mann Alex , Kalinova Mariya , Boyers Alison , Goonawardane Niluka , Zhou Jie , Lindsell Kate , Hare Samanjit S. , Brown Jonathan , Frise Rebecca , Smith Emma , Hopkins Claire , Noulin Nicolas , Londt Brandon , Wilkinson Tom , Harden Stephen , McShane Helen , Baillet Mark , Gilbert Anthony , Jacobs Michael , Charman Christine , Mande Priya , Nguyen-Van-Tam Jonathan S. , Semple Malcolm G. , Read Robert C. , Ferguson Neil M. , Openshaw Peter J. , Rapeport Garth , Barclay Wendy S. , Catchpole Andrew P. , Chiu Christopher 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
To establish a novel SARS-CoV-2 human challenge model, 36 volunteers aged 18-29 years without evidence of previous infection or vaccination were inoculated with 10 TCID50 of a wild-type virus (SARS-CoV-2/human/GBR/484861/2020) intranasally. Two participants were excluded from per protocol analysis due to seroconversion between screening and inoculation. Eighteen (~53%) became infected, with viral load (VL) rising steeply and peaking at ~5 days post-inoculation. Virus was first detected in the throat but rose to significantly higher levels in the nose, peaking at ~8.87 log10 copies/ml (median, 95% CI [8.41,9.53). Viable virus was recoverable from the nose up to ~10 days post-inoculation, on average. There were no serious adverse events. Mild-to-moderate symptoms were reported by 16 (89%) infected individuals, beginning 2-4 days post-inoculation. Anosmia/dysosmia developed more gradually in 12 (67%) participants. No quantitative correlation was noted between VL and symptoms, with high VLs even in asymptomatic infection, followed by the development of serum spike-specific and neutralising antibodies. However, lateral flow results were strongly associated with viable virus and modelling showed that twice-weekly rapid tests could diagnose infection before 70-80% of viable virus had been generated. Thus, in this first SARS-CoV-2 human challenge study, no serious safety signals were detected and the detailed characteristics of early infection and their public health implications were shown. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04865237.
Cardiovascular Risks Before Myocardial Infarction Differences Between Men And Women
Authors: Nyström Alice , Strömberg Susanne , Jansson Karin , Faresjö Åshild Olsen , Faresjö Tomas 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background. Prodromal cardiac symptoms are warning signals preceding cardiac disease. Previous studies have shown some gender differences in prodromal symptoms as well as established risk factors for MI. This study aims to map possible gender differences in social factors and established risk factors preceding myocardial infarction (MI).Methods. The study includes data of N=213 middle-aged men and women, all diagnosed with myocardial infarction (ICD-10 I21.9) from the region of south-east Sweden. They answered a questionnaire at discharge from the cardiologic clinic and additional clinical data from medical records were merged from the National Swedeheart Register.Results. The dominant prodromal symptom for both sexes were experience of chest pain at the onset of MI. The major gender differences were that significantly more females (p=0.015) had a hyperlipidemia diagnose. Females also reported to have experienced higher stress load the year preceding myocardial infarction with serious life events (p=0.019), strained economy (p=0.003), and reports of sadness/depression (p<0.001). Females reported higher perceived stress load than men (p=0.006). Men had higher systolic blood pressure than women at hospital admission and a higher systolic- and diastolic blood pressure at discharge.Conclusions. Influences of the social environment, such as serious life events, strained economy, depression, stress, and sleep deprivation were stronger as potential risk factors for myocardial infarction in women than among men. Of the traditional risk factors only, hyperlipidemia was more frequent among women. These findings could contribute to a deeper understanding of diagnostic differences between gender, as well as a more gender-oriented cardiovascular preventive work.
Climacteric symptoms in postoperative patients among endometrial cancer, cervical cancer, and ovarian cancer: a cross-sectional study
Authors: HORIBA YUKO , Yoshino Tetsuhiro , Yokota Megumi , Iwata Takashi , Watanabe Kenji , Mimura Masaru , Aoki Daisuke 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: No studies have assessed climacteric symptoms after hystero-adnexectomy for endometrial, cervical, or ovarian cancer. Thus, this study aimed to compare climacteric symptoms among patients who underwent surgery for these three cancer types.Methods: We included patients who were registered at a menopausal outpatient clinic between January 1999 and July 2016 after undergoing total hysterectomy, intrapelvic only or intrapelvic plus para-aortic lymph node dissection, and bilateral adnexectomy performed via laparotomy as cancer treatment. Climacteric symptoms were assessed using a patient-reported questionnaire covering core domains with five symptoms. Each symptom was graded from 0 (no symptoms) to 3 (severe symptoms). We evaluated the frequency of this symptom severity by time elapsed since surgery and cancer type.Results: The numbers of patients with endometrial, ovarian, and cervical cancer were 328, 90, and 107, respectively. Overall, climacteric symptoms were more severe in patients with cervical cancer than in those with endometrial or ovarian cancer; symptom severity decreased with increasing time since surgery. However, symptom severity did not decrease significantly over time in patients with cervical cancer even after >5 years had elapsed since surgery.Conclusions: The severity of climacteric symptoms decreased with the time elapsed since surgery for patients with endometrial or ovarian cancer but not for those with cervical cancer. Patients with cervical cancer may require more prompt interventions, including symptomatic treatment and longer follow-up, than those with endometrial or ovarian cancer.