bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trait-anger, hostility, and the risk of incident type 2 diabetes and diabetes-related complications: a systematic review of longitudinal studies
Authors: Mohseni M. , Lindekilde N. , Forget G. , Burns R. , Schmitz N. , Pouwer F. , Deschenes S. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThere is a well-established association between anger, hostility, and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Emerging evidence also suggests associations between anger/hostility and type 2 diabetes (T2D), though evidence from longitudinal studies has not yet been synthesized.ObjectivesTo systematically review findings from existing prospective cohort studies on trait anger/hostility and the risk of T2D and diabetes-related complications.MethodsElectronic searches of MEDLINE (PubMed), PsychINFO, Web of Science, and CINAHL were performed for articles/abstracts published up to December 15, 2020. Peer-reviewed longitudinal studies conducted with adult samples, with effect estimates reported for trait anger or hostility and incident T2D or diabetes-related complications, were eligible for inclusion. Risk of bias/study quality was assessed. The review protocol was published a priori in PROSPERO (CRD42020216356) and was in keeping with PRISMA guidelines. Screening for eligibility, data extraction, and quality assessment was conducted by two independent reviewers.ResultsFour studies with a total of 155,146 participants met the inclusion criteria. A narrative synthesis of extracted data was conducted according to the Synthesis Without Meta-Analysis guidelines. While results were mixed, our synthesis suggested a positive association between high trait-anger/hostility and increased risk of incident T2D. No longitudinal studies were identified relating to anger/hostility and incident diabetes-related complications. Geographical locations of the study samples were limited to the USA and Japan.ConclusionsFurther research is needed to investigate whether trait-anger/hostility predicts incident type 2 diabetes after adjustments for potential confounding factors. Longitudinal studies are needed to investigate trait-anger/hostility and the risk of diabetes-related vascular complications.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Symptomatic generalised joint hypermobility and autism spectrum disorder are associated in adults
Authors: Glans M. , Bejerot S. , Elwin M. , Humble M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionIntriguingly, autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and symptomatic generalised joint hypermobility (S-GJH) (e.g. hypermobility spectrum disorders and Ehlers Danlos Syndrome) share several clinical manifestations including motor difficulties, sensory hypersensitivity and autonomic dysfunction. Moreover, many syndromic forms of ASD manifest a hypermobile phenotype. Despite the increased interest in the area, few systematic studies are available.ObjectivesThis large cross-sectional comparative study aimed to examine the association between S-GJH and ASD in adults.MethodsWe assessed GJH by physical examination using the Beighton Scoring System (BSS) and collected data on musculoskeletal symptoms and skin abnormalities amongst 156 adult patients with ASD and 413 adult community controls. A proxy for S-GJH was created by combining a positive BSS with at least one additional musculoskeletal symptom or skin abnormality.ResultsThe prevalence of S-GJH was significantly higher amongst patients with ASD than amongst controls (16.7% vs 4.8%, p< .001). A logistic regression model, adjusting for candidate covariates of GJH (age, sex, race), revealed a significant influence of ASD on S-GJH with adjusted odds ratio of 5.4 (95% CI 2.8-10.5, p< .001).ConclusionsASD and S-GJH are associated in adults. If recognised, musculoskeletal complications related to S-GJH can be relieved by physiotherapy. Clinicians should be familiar with that symptoms frequently occurring in GJH such as pain, fatigue and orthostatic intolerance may mimic or aggravate psychiatric symptoms (e.g. depression, anxiety). Knowledge about comorbidities may provide clues to underlying aethiopathological factors. Future research to clarify the mechanisms behind this association and to evaluate how comorbid S-GJH affects ASD outcome is warranted.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Post-ictal psychosis syndrome : A case report
Authors: Moalla M. , Staali N. , Bergaoui E. , Zrelli M. , Melki W. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPsychiatric comorbidity is prevalent among patients with epilepsy. Post-ictal psychosis syndrome (PIP) is a recent entity important to know. It belongs to the group of epileptic psychoses. The clinical presentation is often atypical, and symptoms are usually related to seizures.ObjectivesThis work aimed to study the particularities of PIP.MethodsIt is a case report of PIP, involving a patient hospitalized in psychiatry department.Results

We report the case of a 45-year-old woman, with medical history of generalized epilepsy which was stabilized under antiepileptic treatment (phenobarbital 150 mg/day). The patient was hospitalized for psychomotor instability and inconsistent speech after having experienced a generalized tonic-clonic seizure in the context of discontinuation of treatment. Psychiatric assessment revealed a hostility, a reluctance , a persecution delirium and auditory and visual hallucinations. A series of examinations have been carried out ; Neurological examination revealed no anomaly , a computed Tomography Scan of the Brain was normal. A lombar puncture was normal. A covid-19 infection was eliminated. The usual antiepileptic medication was reintroduced to the patient (Phenobarbital 150 mg/day),in association to benzodiazepines (clonazepam 4 mg/day). After 72 hours of treatment, psychiatric symptoms improved. The patient returned to its baseline condition after 7 days. A similar episode was reported two months earlier in the same circumstances with a similar symptomatology and a spontaneous resolution within 7 days.ConclusionsPPI syndrome, regardless of its good short-term prognosis, can potentially evolve into other psychiatric disorders of less good prognosis. Thus, this syndrome should be managed in collaboration with neurology and psychiatry.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Characterization of neuropsychiatric symptoms in a group of individuals with manifest or pre-motor Huntington’s disease in Medellín, Colombia
Authors: Vasquez D. , Agudelo M. , Gomez C. , Aguillon D. , Quintero J. , Rassi S. , Zuluaga M. , Pineda D. , Buritica O. , Lopera F. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionHuntington’s disease (HD) is a rare (1-9/100 000), inherited disease characterized by an elongated CAG repeat on chromosome 4p, leading to a degeneration of neurons. Also, psychiatric symptoms are very common in the early stage and may appear before motor symptoms.ObjectivesTo characterize neuropsychiatric symptoms in a group of individuals with manifest or pre-motor Huntington’s disease in Medellín, Colombia.MethodsData obtained from clinical records of individuals with HD (motor-manifest or pre-motor with triplets count) evaluated for ENROLL-HD project in the Group of Neuroscience of Antioquia. We explored variables related to substances abuse, neuropsychiatric symptoms, the respective age of onset, sex, and triplet count when available.ResultsTwenty-six (53%) were women, 8% had a familiar history of psychotic illness in a first-degree relative and 88% presented motor symptoms. Also, 59% had a history of depression, 53% irritability, 57% aggressiveness, 34% apathy, 29% perseverative/obsessive behavior, 14% psychosis, and 30% mild cognitive impairment. Ten individuals (20%) had motor without neuropsychiatric symptoms. Also, thirty-seven individuals (76%) presented motor and neuropsychiatric symptoms; of these, 41% had neuropsychiatric symptoms before motor symptoms. No psychiatric symptoms were associated with the use of alcohol, cigarettes, or drugs of abuse.ConclusionsNeuropsychiatric symptoms are highly prevalent among individuals with HD and studies oriented to create relevant knowledge for the development of advice oriented to people with this disease are necessary.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Network Analyses: Understanding the Pathways of Functional Improvement in Schizophrenia
Authors: Mucci A. , Galderisi S. , Rocca P. , Rossi A. , Bertolino A. , Rucci P. , Maj M. 
Published: September 2022

Improving real-life functioning is the main goal of the most advanced integrated treatment programs in people with schizophrenia. The Italian Network for Research on Psychoses used network analysis in a four-year follow-up study to test whether the pattern of relationships among illness-related variables, personal resources and context-related factors differed between patients who were classified as recovered at follow-up versus those who did not recover. In a large sample (N=618) of clinically-stable, community-dwelling subjects with schizophrenia, the study demonstrated a considerable stability of the network structure. Functional capacity and everyday life skills had a high betweenness and closeness in the network at both baseline and follow-up, while psychopathological variables remained more peripheral. The network structure and connectivity of non-recovered patients were similar to those observed in the whole sample, but very different from those in recovered subjects, in which we found few connections only. These data strongly suggest that tightly coupled symptoms/dysfunctions tend to maintain each other’s activation, contributing to poor outcome in subjects with schizophrenia. The data suggest that early and integrated treatment plans, targeting variables with high centrality, might prevent the emergence of self-reinforcing networks of symptoms and dysfunctions in people with schizophrenia.DisclosureHonoraria, advisory board, or consulting fees from Angelini, Astra Zeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gedeon Richter Bulgaria, Innova-Pharma, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Lundbeck, Otsuka, Pfizer, and Pierre Fabre, for services not related to this abstract
Theory and Practice of Treatment of Concurrent Major Depressive and Alcohol Use Disorders
Authors: Samokhvalov A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionBoth Major Depressive and Alcohol Use Disorders are highly prevalent. They also are the major contributors to disability and decreased quality of life and, as they are often comorbid with each other, the diagnosis and treatment of concurrent depression and alcohol use disorder represents a challenging task with multiple clinical questions requiring evidence-based recommendations.ObjectivesThe goal of this presentation is to review the optimal strategies to treat concurrent alcohol use and major depressive disorders in the context of current research findings and clinical practice.MethodsNarrative review, knowledge synthesis.ResultsThe most up-to-date research findings in the areas of epidemiology of concurrent depression and alcohol use disorder, their differential diagnosis, and treatment approaches will be reviewed. This review will include the current evidence of effectiveness of various antidepressants in treatment of depression concurrent with alcohol use disorder and antidipsotropic agents use for alcohol use disorder in the context of depressive symptoms, as well as their combinations. We will discuss the timeline of initiation of both antidepressants and antidipsotropic agents, non-pharmacological treatment modalities as well as the clinical tools that can be used to properly monitor patients’ progress and optimize the treatment process, and the integrative teamwork necessary to achieve optimal results.ConclusionsUltimately, the optimal diagnostic and treatment algorithm and the set of evidence-based treatment recommendations will be presented.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Myasthenia and bipolar disorder: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Emna B. , Kammoun R. , Kroui M. , Ellouz F. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe association between somatic diseases and bipolar disorder (BD) have been described especially for auto-immune diseases.ObjectivesThrough a case study and a review of literature we are going to describe a comorbidity of BD and myasthenia.MethodsStarting from a case report, we conducted a literature review on “PubMed”, using a key word “myasthenia and bipolar disorder”ResultsThe patient AJ, 57 years old, married, mother of 5 children; 4 sons and 1 daughter who also has BD. She is illiterate and a full-time mother. she has high blood pressure, a congestive gastropathy and hemorrhoids. She has been diagnosed with BD in 1987 (at 21 years old) and mainly had depressive episodes. She was put on Amitriptyline, carbamazepine, long-acting neuroleptics and benzodiazepines. Since 2006 the patient has been reporting persisting myasthenia even when she was euthymic. In 2009, she was hospitalized for persistent headaches, pain and a decrease in visual acuity in the right eye. An ophthalmoscopy, a cranial CT-scan and an MRI were performed with no anomalies. Then a fluctuant ptosis and an intense fatigability appeared. She then was hospitalized in a neurology ward where she was diagnosed with myasthenia. Changes in her treatment had to be made. Carbamazepine was switched to valproic acid, amitriptyline was switched to fluoxetine. And benzodiazepines were stopped.ConclusionsIt’s important to pay close attention to somatic diseases in our patients in order to insure appropriate medical care. Also, the association between somatic disorders and BD can be an interesting lead in elucidating the etiopathogeneses of BD.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Laterality disorder and its association with an axial hypotonia and body spatial integration impairments may involve slowness and attention disorder: A case series of patients
Authors: Vaivre-Douret L. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionLateralization is a complex process that evolves during the development of the child leading to the organization of the functional dominance with a body side. However, laterality is poorly examined.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to explore the features of patients with a laterality disorder evidenced by a non-dominance affirmed of the handedness.MethodsA retrospective review of 25 cases of patients (15 children of 8-9 years and 10 adults of 26-42 years old) presenting a laterality disorder. All patients were assessed with the standardized assessment of neuropsychomotor functions battery (NP-MOT).It enables physical assessment of muscular tone of limbs and axial tone (trunk), laterality (tonic, spontaneous gestural, psychosocial handedness, and usual with objects for hand, foot, and eye), body spatial integration (in relation to self, imitation, objects and map), auditory attention, and others motor functions.ResultsThe study findings revealed poor level of the dominant laterality for all the patients (< 2DS) regarding the proximal tonic laterality (elbows) and the psychosocial subtests of mimed gestures (tending to ambidexterity). In addition, it was found a hypotonic trunk and difficulties in body spatial integration and in asymmetrical bimanual tasks with slowness and failures, similar dexterity performance right/left.Strong correlations between all these features and the personal history match the difficulties to focus a long time an attention holding posture without to move, and associated to a fatigability.ConclusionsA deep standardized examination of the laterality and tone may explain some components of the behavior in relation with hemispheric dominance impairment.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Cannabis use and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia
Authors: Gonçalves M. , Romão J. , André R. , Félix F. , Andrade G. , Saraiva R. , Dornelles E. , Fernandes E. , Abreu M. , Chendo I. , Ismail F. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionNeurocognitive deficits amongst patients with schizophrenia are considered one of schizophrenia’s central features. These deficits appear to be present from the first episode of psychosis (FEP) and certain cognitive impairments could be components of a genetic vulnerability to schizophrenia. Regarding research on cannabis and cognition in schizophrenia, different studies have assessed neurocognitive functions: memory, attention/vigilance, processing speed, verbal learning, executive functions, and verbal fluency.ObjectivesThe aim is to do a review of recent findings concerning the association of cannabis use with cognition in schizophrenia.MethodsA literature review was conducted using the PubMed search database.ResultsPatients with schizophrenia and concomitant cannabis use are associated with worse performance in immediate verbal learning, and in some studies with worse working memory performance. There is an improvement of verbal memory when they cease the cannabis’ consumption. Regarding attention capacity and memory types assessed, the results are controversial. In FEP, heavy cannabis use during the previous year correlates with slower processing speed. Also, FEP-patients with cannabis use but no family history of psychosis perform worse in executive functions, while those with a family history of psychosis perform better.ConclusionsThe studies of psychosis, cannabis and cognition differ in relevant aspects, which might be connected to the result variability. Therefore, before solid conclusions can be reached, it is important to carry out longitudinal studies to understand the changes in the cognitive variables, which can depend on the pattern of cannabis’ use (concurrent or prior to the FEP). Possible confounding variables that might be present should be acknowledged.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Alexithymia In Multiple Sclerosis: Relationship With Depression
Authors: Ben Abdallah M. , Baati I. , Zouari A. , Guermazi F. , Hentati S. , Farhat N. , Masmoudi J. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAlexithymia, the lack of words to express emotions, is a common problem in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients.ObjectivesTo investigate the prevalence of alexithymia in patients with MS and to evaluate the factors related to it, including depression.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study, which took place in the neurology department in Sfax (Tunisia). It involved MS outpatients in remission phase. Data collection was done using a form exploring sociodemographic, clinical and radiological characteristics. We used the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) to evaluate neurological impairments, the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) to assess alexithymia, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to assess depressive symptoms.ResultsOur study included 93 patients. They were married in 57% of cases. The total number of relapses ranged from 1 to 30, with a median of 5. The EDSS score ranged from 0 to 8. A temporal lesion on brain imaging was found in 29% of cases. MS patients had alexithymia in 58.1% of cases and depression in 26.9% of cases. Alexithymia was more frequent in unmarried patients (p = 0.028). Among clinical and radiological factors, the number of relapses was higher (p = 0.035), and temporal lesion was more frequent in alexithymic patients (p = 0.045). In this study, alexithymic patients were more depressed (p < 10-3).ConclusionsAccording to our results, depression and alexithymia were found to be significantly inter-related in MS. Future longitudinal studies might better clarify the nature of this relationship in MS patients.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Investigating causes of increased morbidity and mortality within psychiatric patients - Somatic comorbidities of inpatients in a german psychiatric community hospital
Authors: Theisen C. , Kieckhäfer C. , Röpcke F. , Meisenzahl E. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe co-occurrence of mental illness and somatic comorbidities is a major cause of increased morbidity and mortality within psychiatric patients, compared to the general population. This may be caused by an unhealthy lifestyle, side effects of psychotropic drugs and systematic barriers in healthcare provision. The underlying mechanisms remain under-investigated.ObjectivesWe systematically investigated relevant barriers and risk factors to the utilization of primary care among severe mentally ill outpatients.MethodsIn a cross-sectional analysis, the psychiatric as well as somatic diagnoses of inpatients of a German psychiatric community hospital were identified. Furthermore, somatic and psychiatric medication, blood values (HBA1C) and sociodemographic data of the patients were analyzed. The frequencies of the somatic diagnoses were presented according to psychiatric diagnoses. By a Chi-Square goodness-of-Fit Test the distribution of somatic diagnoses and drug classes were verified according to the total cohort as well as for each psychiatric diagnosis and in respect to sex.ResultsOur results provide an overview of common comorbidities with regard to the psychiatric diagnosis. The medication, in relation to the recorded somatic comorbidities, as well as the blood values, allow a conclusion to be drawn about the extent and success of the treatment.ConclusionsFor the first time, real-life data on the somatic diagnoses and treatment of patients with a severe mental illness in a German hospital is presented. Our results will be used to create low-threshold interventions for the most relevant somatic comorbidities and to improve primary care of psychiatric patients through linking the care systems.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
“Dissolving Cartesian dualism”: using a novel student-lead podcast to explore the relationship between neurological and psychiatric illness
Authors: James S. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPsychiatric conditions can be both a symptom and a consequence of physical disease. Although understanding of this is important for health care delivery, coverage of the relationship between physical and psychiatric illness in undergraduate medical education is sparse. This relationship is particularly pertinent in neurological disorders, where psychiatric symptomatology is commonplace. As part of a student project, the author was tasked with developing accessible teaching materials to increase interest and understanding among medical students, using podcasts.ObjectivesThe aim was to develop podcasts which explored the relationship between psychiatric and neurological illness, for use in undergraduate psychiatric training.MethodsLiterature reviews were performed on podcasting in medical education to identify the optimal methods of production to maximise educational value, and on topics covered in podcasts to inform the interview questions. Experts in the relevant areas were contacted for recorded interviews, later used to create podcasts.ResultsFour interviews were conducted between the author and consultant neurologists specialising in the specific neurological condition. A podcast was produced for each of the following topics: depression in multiple sclerosis, frontotemporal dementia in motor neurone disease, Lewy body dementia, and dissociative seizures.ConclusionsPsychiatric and physical illness are often intertwined. As the prevalence of psychiatric illness rises, it is becoming increasingly important that this connection is recognised, in order to improve patient experiences and outcomes. Novel teaching modalities, such as podcasts, can provide additional ways to support medical education on this important topic.DisclosureNo significant relationships.