bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Five-Year Prognosis of Complete Mesocolic Excision in Patients with Colon Cancer: A Prospective, Nonrandomized, Double-Blind Controlled Trial
Authors: Wang Chao , Gao Zhidong , Shen Zhanlong , Jiang Kewei , Zhou Jing , Wang Shan , Ye Yingjiang 
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND:
Previous studies on how complete mesocolic excision (CME) affects prognosis indicate fundamental limitations that prevent the procedure from being completely accepted in practice. This study evaluated 5-year survival in colon cancer patients who underwent CME in a strict quality-controlled trial.

STUDY DESIGN:
A prospective, nonrandomized, double-blind, controlled trial recruited patients who underwent open radical resection for colon cancer between November 2012 and November 2017. Third-party experts evaluated whether patients had undergone mesocolic dissection and/or central ligation by looking at photographs of both surgical field and specimen, and then divided patients into CME and non-CME (NCME) groups. The primary outcome was the 5-year local recurrence-free survival rate. Clinicopathological and follow-up data were recorded.

RESULTS:
There were 261 patients with a median follow-up time of 57 months assigned to the CME group, and 129 patients with a median follow-up time of 59 months were assigned to the NCME group. The 5-year local recurrence-free survival rate of patients with Union Internationale Contre le Cancer stage I to III cancer did not differ significantly between the groups. For stage I to III cancer and stage III cancer, the absolute risk reduction of 5-year cumulative death and disease progression after CME were 9.1% (95% CI 1% to 17%; p = 0.033) and 16.1% (95% CI 1% to 31%; p = 0.040), respectively. Meanwhile, CME also could reduce 14% 5-year cumulative incidence recurrence for Union Internationale Contre le Cancer stage III cancer compared with NCME (CME, 27.3% vs NCME, 41.3%; p = 0.042) after adjusting for the effect of non–cancer-related death.

CONCLUSIONS:
CME should be considered as a standard surgical procedure in affected patients.
Ex-PRESS implantation versus trabeculectomy for long-term maintenance of low intraocular pressure in patients with open angle glaucoma
Authors: Tokumo Kana , Okada Naoki , Onoe Hiromitsu , Komatsu Kaori , Masuda Shun , Okumichi Hideaki , Hirooka Kazuyuki , Asaoka Ryo , Kiuchi Yoshiaki 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeTo compare the efficacy of Ex-PRESS implantation to trabeculectomy with mitomycin C, for maintaining low target intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with open angle glaucoma.Materials and MethodsPatients were randomly assigned to receive Ex-PRESS implantation or trabeculectomy. Patients with IOP ≥ 15 mmHg were included in this study. Surgical success was defined according to three target mean IOP ranges (5 mmHg ≤ IOP ≤18 mmHg [criterion A], 5 mmHg ≤ IOP ≤15 mmHg [criterion B], and 5 mmHg ≤ IOP ≤12 mmHg [criterion C]) representing reductions of at least 20% below baseline on two consecutive follow-up visits 3 months post surgery.ResultsA total of 73 patients, including 30 in the Ex-PRESS implantation group and 43 in the trabeculectomy group, were included in the study. The baseline IOP was 20.4 ± 4.9 mmHg in the Ex-PRESS implantation group and 21.9 ± 7.9 mmHg in the trabeculectomy group. There were no significant differences in baseline ocular or demographic characteristics between the two groups. There was no statistical difference in IOP every 6 months. After the 3-year follow-up, success rates were A) 60.0% and 60.2%, B) 45.7% and 58.1%, and C) 31.5% and 40.5% for the Ex-PRESS implantation and trabeculectomy groups, respectively. A greater number of glaucoma medications before surgery was associated with a higher failure rate in the trabeculectomy group but not the Ex-PRESS implantation group.ConclusionsBoth procedures resulted in similar IOP reductions and success rates for low target IOP. The number of preoperative glaucoma medications was a risk factor for trabeculectomy failure.
Effect of inclusion education on the perceptions of sighted school children about the abilities of students living with severe visual impairment and blindness
Authors: Abraham Carl Halladay , Eshun Julian Daniel , Berchie Mercy Oforiwaa , Addo Naa Adjeley 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInclusion education was introduced to bridge the gap between access to education and individuals living with disabilities. In developing countries like Ghana, one of the primary reasons for the establishment of inclusion education was to improve the perceptions and attitudes of society from traditionally entrenched derogatory and condescending attitudes towards individuals living with disabilities, perceptions and attitudes which led to the establishment of special schools at the outskirts of towns and cities. Today, inclusion education is widely practiced and although the literature is buoyant with research on the implementation of inclusion education studies, no study has been conducted to identify the influence of inclusion education on the primary recipients, the students. Using structured interview questions exploring perceptions of sighted students in inclusion schools and sighted students in sighted only schools, we describe the differences in perceptions of these students about the abilities of individuals with visual impairment across educational prospects, leadership, participation in social activities, and routine activities. We also compared the perceptions of students living with visual impairment in inclusion schools to those in special schools. The results of the study, analyzed by Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis showed that inclusion education has impacted and influenced positively the perceptions of the sighted students in inclusion schools about the abilities of individuals living with visual impairment compared to the perceptions held by sighted students in sighted only schools. Additionally, this study revealed that the perceptions about the abilities of students living with visual impairment in inclusion schools did not differ from those of the students living with visual impairment in special schools. This study has elucidated the need for public health education programs about the capabilities of individuals with visual impairment to foster and build healthy perceptions about them and enable a more inclusive society.
Cognitive status and rehabilitation outcomes of patients in acute rehabilitation post Covid-19
Authors: Vahtra Madli , Fahey Kyle , Malina Aaron , Dreyer Sean , Roth Elliot , Grafman Jordan , Jayabalan Prakash , Cohen-Zimerman Shira 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to 1) characterize cognitive functioning in patients admitted for inpatient rehabilitation due to Covid-19 diagnosis and 2) examine how cognitive status at admission is associated with rehabilitation outcomes.DesignRetrospective chart review.SettingAn inpatient rehabilitation center located in Chicago, Illinois.Participants80 participants in acute rehabilitation due to Covid-19 diseaseInterventionNot applicable.Main Outcome MeasuresCognitive functioning as measured by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and rehabilitation outcomes as measured by Functional Index Measure (FIM) and Section GG items for self-care and mobility (GG-SC and GG-M respectively).ResultsOn average, our sample presented with mild cognitive impairment as assessed by the (MoCA). The most significant deficits were demonstrated in executive function, attention, language, and delayed free recall measures. Higher levels of overall cognitive function were associated with higher cognitive measures of rehabilitation outcomes. Weaker associations were observed with outcome measures of self-care and motor functioning.ConclusionCognitive impairments are common in patients in acute rehabilitation due to Covid-19 and cognitive performance may help predict rehabilitation outcomes.
Gender Relations, Women Empowerment and Maternal Health Care in sub-Saharan Africa: A Bayesian Multilevel Analysis
Authors: Simona Simona 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMaternal health care utilization still remains crucial in ensuring good pregnancy outcomes and a reduction in maternal and child mortality especially in developing countries. Although several studies have been conducted to investigate determinants of maternal health care utilization, the innfluence of gender relations and women empowerment on maternal healthcare in cross-national context has received little attention. This paper sought out to examine the influence of gender relations and women empowerment on maternal healthcare utilization in sub-Saharan Africa. The analysis pools sample data of 245,955 respondents from the most recent Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) and World Development Indicators of 35 sub-Saharan African countries. Separate Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models are fitted for adequate antenatal care and institutional delivery in relation to several factors indicating gender relations and women empowerment at three levels. Several components of gender relations and women empowerment were significantly associated with maternal health care after adjusting for covariates. In addition, significant between country and between community variations in the odds of maternal health care utilisation were observed. These results underscore the importance of prioritising contextual gender equity and women empowerment to achieve better utilisation of maternal healthcare services and subsequently, a reduction in maternal mortality in sub-Saharan Africa.
NCT Precision Oncology Thesaurus Drugs – a Curated Database for Drugs, Drug Classes, and Drug Targets in Precision Cancer Medicine
Authors: Kreutzfeldt Simon , Knurr Alexander , Hübschmann Daniel , Horak Peter , Fröhling Stefan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractImplementation of precision cancer medicine requires structured reporting of clinical actionable molecular alterations. The growing number of targeted anticancer drugs in clinical use and development necessitates a hierarchical ontology that focuses on the interactions between drugs and their targets and the impact of drug classes. Here we report the development of NCT POT (National Center for Tumor Diseases Drug Precision Oncology Thesaurus) Drugs, a manually curated cancer drug class ontology that integrates multiple data sources. This easily accessible resource is part of the NCT POT framework and can be downloaded at https://github.com/TMO-HD/nct-thesaurus with detailed documentation.
Determinants of exposure to Aedes mosquitoes: a comprehensive geospatial analysis in peri-urban Cambodia
Authors: Parker Daniel M. , Medina Catalina , Bohl Jennifer , Lon Chanthap , Chea Sophana , Lay Sreyngim , Kong Dara , Nhek Sreynik , Man Somnang , Doehl Johannes S. P. , Leang Rithea , Kry Hok , Rekol Huy , Oliveira Fabiano , Minin Vladimir , Manning Jessica E. 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTAedes mosquitoes are some of the most important and globally expansive vectors of disease. Public health efforts are largely focused on prevention of human-vector contact. A range of entomological indices are used to measure risk of disease, though with conflicting results (i.e. larval or adult abundance does not always predict risk of disease). There is a growing interest in the development and use of biomarkers for exposure to mosquito saliva, including for Aedes spp, as a proxy for disease risk. In this study, we conduct a comprehensive geostatistical analysis of exposure to Aedes mosquito bites among a pediatric cohort in a peri-urban setting endemic to dengue, Zika, and chikungunya viruses. We use demographic, household, and environmental variables (the flooding index (NFI), land type, and proximity to a river) in a Bayesian geostatistical model to predict areas of exposure to Aedes aegypti bites. We found that hotspots of exposure to Ae. aegypti salivary gland extract (SGE) were relatively small (< 500m and sometimes < 250m) and stable across the two-year study period. Age was negatively associated with antibody responses to Ae. aegypti SGE. Those living in agricultural settings had lower antibody responses than those living in urban settings, whereas those living near recent surface water accumulation were more likely to have higher antibody responses. Finally, we incorporated measures of larval and adult density in our geostatistical models and found that they did not show associations with antibody responses to Ae. aegypti SGE after controlling for other covariates in the model. Our results indicate that targeted house- or neighborhood-focused interventions may be appropriate for vector control in this setting. Further, demographic and environmental factors more capably predicted exposure to Ae. aegypti mosquitoes than commonly used entomological indices. Keywords: Aedes; saliva; geostatistical; environmental; dengue fever; Zika; chikungunya
Individualized fMRI connectivity defines signatures of antidepressant and placebo responses in major depression
Authors: Zhao Kanhao , Xie Hua , Fonzo Gregory A. , Tong Xiaoyu , Carlisle Nancy , Chidharom Matthieu , Etkin Amit , Zhang Yu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThough sertraline is commonly prescribed in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), its superiority over placebo is only marginal. This is in part due to the neurobiological heterogeneity of the individuals. Characterizing individual-unique functional architecture of the brain may help better dissect the heterogeneity, thereby defining treatment-predictive signatures to guide personalized medication. In this study, we investigate whether individualized brain functional connectivity (FC) can define more predictable signatures of antidepressant and placebo treatment in MDD. The data used in the present work were collected by the Establishing Moderators and Biosignatures of Antidepressant Response in Clinical Care (EMBARC) study. Patients (N=296) was randomly assigned to antidepressant sertraline or placebo double-blind treatment for 8 weeks. The whole-brain FC networks were constructed from pre-treatment resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) at 4 clinical sites. Then, FC was individualized by removing the common components from the raw baseline FC to train regression-based connectivity predictive models. With individualized FC features, the established prediction models successfully identified signatures that explained 22% variance for the sertraline group and 31% variance for the placebo group in predicting HAMD17 change. Compared with the raw FC-based models, the individualized FC-defined signatures significantly improved the prediction performance, as confirmed by the 10×10-fold cross-validation. For sertraline treatment, predictive FC metrics were predominantly located in the left middle temporal cortex (MTC) and right insula. For placebo, predictive FC metrics were primarily located in the bilateral cingulate cortex and left superior temporal cortex (STC). Our findings demonstrated that individualization of FC metrics through removal of common FC components enhanced the prediction performance compared to the raw FC. Associated with previous MDD clinical studies, our identified predictive biomarkers provided new insights into the neuropathology of antidepressant and placebo treatment.
Antigen concentration, viral load, and test performance for SARS-CoV-2 in multiple specimen types
Authors: Golden Allison , Oliveira-Silva Michelle , Slater Hannah , Vieira Alexia Martines , Bansil Pooja , Gerth-Guyette Emily , Leader Brandon T. , Zobrist Stephanie , Braga Ferreira Alan Kennedy , Santos de Araujo Erika Crhistina , de Lucena Cruz Catherine Duran , Garbin Eduardo , Bizilj Greg T. , Carlson Sean J. , Sagalovsky Mariana , Pal Sampa , Gupta Vin , Wolansky Leo , Boyle David S. , Vieira Dall’Acqua Deusilene Souza , Naveca Felipe Gomes , do Nascimento Valdinete Alves , Villalobos Salcedo Juan Miguel , Drain Paul K. , Costa Alexandre Dias Tavares , Pereira Dhélio , Domingo Gonzalo J 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe relationship between N-antigen concentration and viral load within a specimen and across different specimens is essential for interpretation of rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) clinical performance in different use cases. A prospective study was conducted in Porto Velho, Brazil, to investigate RDT performance in different specimen types as a function of the correlation between antigen concentration and viral load. The study included 214 close contacts with recent exposures to confirmed cases, aged 12 years and older and with various levels of vaccination. Antigen concentration was measured in nasopharyngeal swab (NPS), anterior nares swab (ANS), and saliva specimens. Reverse transcriptase (RT)–PCR was conducted on the NPS and saliva specimens, and two RDTs were conducted on ANS and one on saliva. Antigen concentration correlated with viral load when measured in the same specimen type but not across specimen types. Antigen levels were higher in symptomatic cases compared to asymptomatic/oligosymptomatic cases and lower in saliva compared to NPS and ANS samples. Discordant results between the RDTs conducted on ANS and the RT-PCR on NPS were resolved by antigen concentration values. The analytical limit-of-detection of RDTs can be used to predict the performance of the tests in populations for which the antigen concentration is known. The antigen dynamics across different sample types observed in SARS-CoV-2 disease progression support use of RDTs in nasal samples. Given lower antigen concentrations in saliva, tests using saliva is expected to require improved analytical sensitivity to achieve clinical sensitivity similar to testing of nasal samples.
Effectiveness of the Risk Assessment and Management Programme for hypertension (RAMP-HT) in reducing complications and service utilization after 5 years: A population-based matched cohort study
Authors: Yu Esther YT , Wan Eric YF , Mak Ivy L , Chao David VK , Ko Welchie WK , Leung Maria , Li Yim Chu , Liang Jun , Wan Luk , Wong Michelle MY , Kwok Ruby LP , Chan Anca KC , Fong Daniel YT , Lam Cindy LK 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe Risk Assessment and Management Programme for Hypertension (RAMP-HT) is a multi-component team-based intervention implemented in public primary care clinics across Hong Kong since 2011. After 12 months, significantly greater proportion of RAMP-HT participants achieved target blood pressure (Odd Ratio (OR) 1.18, P<0.001) and low-density lipoprotein-Cholesterol levels (OR 1.13, P<0.001) compared to usual care patients. This study evaluated the effectiveness of RAMP-HT for reducing hypertension-related complications and health service utilization among patients with hypertension relative to usual care after 5 years.Methods and FindingsDesignPopulation-based prospective matched cohort studySettingAll 73 public primary care clinics in Hong KongParticipants212,707 adults with uncomplicated hypertension managed in public primary care clinics in Hong Kong between 2011 and 2013 were included. 108,045 RAMP-HT participants were matched to 104,662 patients receiving usual care using propensity score fine stratification weightings.Main outcome measuresHypertension-related complications (cardiovascular diseases (CVD), end-stage renal disease (ESRD)), all-cause mortality, public health service utilization (overnight hospitalization, attendances at accident and emergency department (AED), specialist outpatient clinic (SOPC) and general outpatient clinic (GOPC).ResultsAfter a median follow-up of 5.4 years, RAMP-HT participants had 8.0%, 1.6% and 10.0% lower absolute risks for CVD events, ESRD and all-cause mortality, respectively, compared to patients receiving usual care. After adjusting for all baseline covariates, the RAMP-HT group was associated with a 38% (Hazard Ratio (HR) 0.62, (95% CI 0.61 to 0.64)), 46% (HR 0.54, (95% CI 0.50 to 0.59)), and 48% (HR 0.52, (95% CI 0.50 to 0.54)) lower risk of CVD, ESRD, and all-cause mortality respectively, compared to the usual care group. The number-needed-to-treat was 16 to prevent one CVD event, 106 for ESRD and 17 for all-cause mortality. RAMP-HT participants also had significantly lower incidences for overnight hospitalization, AED, and SOPC attendances (Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) 0.60, 0.70 and 0.87, respectively) but more GOPC attendances (IRR 1.06) compared to usual care patients.ConclusionsRAMP-HT was associated with significant and clinically important reductions in all-cause mortality and hypertension-related complications for patients with hypertension in the naturalistic primary care setting after 5 years.Trial registrationNCT02219958
The epidemiology of long COVID in US adults two years after the start of the US SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
Authors: Robertson McKaylee M , Qasmieh Saba A , Kulkarni Sarah G , Teasdale Chloe A , Jones Heidi , McNairy Margaret , Borrell Luisa N. , Nash Denis 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo characterize prevalence and impact of long COVID.MethodsWe conducted a population-representative survey, June 30-July 2, 2022, of a random sample of 3,042 United States adults. Using questions developed by the United Kingdom’s Office of National Statistics, we estimated the prevalence by sociodemographics, adjusting for gender and age.ResultsAn estimated 7.3% (95% CI: 6.1-8.5%) of all respondents reported long COVID, approximately 18,533,864 adults. One-quarter (25.3% [18.2-32.4%]) of respondents with long COVID reported their day-to-day activities were impacted ‘a lot’ and 28.9% had SARS-CoV-2 infection >12 months ago. The prevalence of long COVID was higher among respondents who were female (aPR: 1.84 [1.40-2.42]), had comorbidities (aPR: 1.55 [1.19-2.00]) or were not (versus were) boosted (aPR: 1.67 [1.19-2.34]) or not vaccinated (versus boosted) (aPR: 1.41 (1.05-1.91)).ConclusionsWe observed a high burden of long COVID and substantial variability in prevalence of SARS-CoV-2. Population-based surveys are an important surveillance tool and supplement to ongoing efforts to monitor long COVID.
The intergenerational effects of parental physical activity on offspring brain and neurocognition in humans: a scoping review
Authors: Valkenborghs Sarah R. , Dent Paige C. , Stillman Chelsea M. 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTAnimal models suggest physical activity (PA) has intergenerational effects on brain health and neurocognition. This scoping review compiles the human literature in this area, identifies knowledge gaps, and makes recommendations for future research.We systematically searched for experimental or observational studies conducted in humans, published in English, and reporting parental PA exposure (preconception or prenatal) and subsequent offspring brain and neurocognition. Two reviewers independently screened studies according to predetermined inclusion criteria.Fourteen articles were included (four experimental and 10 observational). All studies reported maternal characteristics, whereas only one (7%) study reported paternal characteristics (but not paternal PA). Prenatal maternal PA exposure was examined in 10 (71%) studies, while preconceptionandprenatal PA exposure was examined in four (29%) studies. Maternal PA exposure was positively related to offspring brain and neurocognitive development in most studies.Little is known about the intergenerational effects of parental PA on offspring brain and neurocognition in humans, particularly paternal preconception PA. More experimental studies with longer offspring follow-up and more objective and/or mechanistic assessments are required.HIGHLIGHTSAnimal models suggest physical activity has intergenerational neurobiological effectsAll observational human studies report a positive relationship between maternal physical activity and offspring brain and neurocognitionMost experimental human studies report no effects of maternal physical activity on offspring brain and neurocognition