bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cell type specific cannabinoid CB1 receptor distribution across the human and non-human primate cortex
Authors: Chou Shinnyi , Ranganath Tejis , Fish Kenneth N. , Lewis David A. , Sweet Robert A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAlterations in cannabinoid CB1 receptor (CB1R) are implicated in various psychiatric disorders. CB1R participates in both depolarization induced suppression of inhibition (DSI) and depolarization induced suppression of excitation (DSE), suggesting its involvement in regulating excitatory and inhibitory (E/I) balance. Prior studies examining neuronal cell type specific CB1R distribution have been conducted near exclusively within rodents. Identification of these distribution patterns within the human and non-human primate cortex is essential to increase our insight into its function. Using co-labeling immunohistochemistry and fluorescent microscopy, we examined CB1R protein levels within excitatory and inhibitory boutons of male human and non-human primate prefrontal cortex and auditory cortices, regions involved in the behavioral effects of exogenous cannabinoid exposures. We found that CB1R was present in both bouton populations within all brain regions examined in both species. Significantly higher CB1R levels were found within inhibitory than within excitatory boutons across all regions in both species, although the cell type by brain region interactions differed between the two species. Our results support the importance of conducting more in-depth CB1R examinations to understand how cell type and brain region dependent differences contribute to regional E/I balance regulation, and how aberrations in CB1R distribution may contribute to pathology.
Group differences in feeding and diet composition of wild western gorillas
Authors: Fuh Terence , Todd Angelique , Feistner Anna , Donati Giuseppe , Masi Shelly 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe ecological-constraints model posits that living in larger groups is associated to higher travel costs and reduced nutritional intake due to within-group feeding competition setting upper group size limits. While this is critical for frugivorous mammals, the model is less ubiquitous for folivores who feed on more abundant and evenly distributed food. The seasonally frugivorous diet of western gorillas (Gorilla gorilla) provides the opportunity to study the ecological-constraints model in the largest primate species. We investigated how two groups of western gorillas of differing sizes (N = 9, N = 15) in Central African Republic, responded to seasonal variation in fruit availability in terms of activity and diet. We used continuous focal animal sampling during periods of high (July–August 2011) and low (October 2011–January 2012) fruit availability, measured by monthly phenological scores. While diet diversity, resting and moving time did not differ between groups, overall the smaller group spent more time feeding than the larger group although this became less evident when fruit was more available. The smaller group was more frugivorous than the larger group. However, the larger group increased more steeply fruit consumption when fruit was more available, and incorporated more insects, young leaves and bark when fruit was less available, when compared to the smaller group. Up to a certain limit, the flexibility of large, seasonal frugivores to survive on a more folivorous diet may buffer the upper limit group size, suggesting deviation from the ecological-constraints model as in some folivores.
Global assessment of coralline algae mineralogy points to high vulnerability of Southwestern Atlantic reefs and rhodolith beds to ocean acidification
Authors: de Carvalho Rodrigo Tomazetto , Rocha Gustavo Miranda , Karez Claudia Santiago , da Gama Bahia Ricardo , Pereira Renato Crespo , Bastos Alex Cardoso , Salgado Leonardo Tavares 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCoralline algae constitute one of the main groups of highly vulnerable calcified benthic organisms to ocean acidification. Although damaging effects of seawater acidification on the coralline algae skeleton have been widely demonstrated, the susceptibility to dissolution varies according to the Mg2+ in the calcite lattice. Even though the Southwest Atlantic Ocean exhibits the world’s largest rhodolith beds, which occupies 20,902 km2, there is no information regarding the coralline algae species mineralogy in this area. Here, we provide mineralogical data of twenty-four coralline algae species, examine the similarity in taxonomic groups, spatial occurrence and the vulnerability of these algae to seawater acidification. Mineralogy revealed that coralline algae skeletons were mainly composed of high-Mg calcite (> 70%) with minor presence of aragonite (< 30%) and dolomite (< 3%). There were no similarities between the skeletal mineralogy of taxonomic groups and sampling regions. Remarkably, the mean Mg-substitution of encrusting coralline algae from the Brazilian Shelf was 46.3% higher than global average. Because of the higher mean Mg-substitution in calcite compared with worldwide coralline algae, these algae from Southwest Atlantic Ocean would be highly susceptible to dissolution caused by the expected near-future ocean acidification and will compromise CaCO3 net production across the Brazilian Shelf.
Co-administration of Lactobacillus gasseri KBL697 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitor infliximab improves colitis in mice
Authors: Han Dae Hee , Kim Woon-ki , Lee Cheonghoon , Park SungJun , Lee Kiuk , Jang Sung Jae , Ko GwangPyo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) refers to disorders involving chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Well-established treatments for IBD have not yet to be suggested. To address this gap, we investigated the effects of co-administration of Lactobacillus gasseri (L. gasseri) KBL697 and infliximab (IFX), the first approved tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha inhibitor, on the dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis mouse model. 2 × 109 colony-forming units/g of L. gasseri KBL697 were administered to seven-week-old female C57BL/6J mice daily by oral gavage. On day three, IFX (5 mg/kg) suspended in 1 × PBS (200 µL) was intravenously injected in the IFX-treated group and all mice were sacrificed on day nine. Co-administration of L. gasseri KBL697 and IFX improved colitis symptoms in mice, including body weight, disease activity index, colon length, and histology score. Additionally, pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interferon-gamma, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-17A, and TNF were significantly decreased, while IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, was increased. Expression levels of tight junction genes and CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + T regulatory cells in the mesenteric lymph nodes were synergistically upregulated with the combined treatment. Furthermore, co-administered mice displayed altered cecum microbial diversity and composition with increases in the genus Prevotella. Related changes in the predicted amino and nucleic acid metabolic pathways were also evident, along with increased acetate and butyrate level. Therefore, the synergistic effect of L. gasseri KBL697 and IFX co-administration is a possible method of prevention and treatment for IBD.
Fluoride removal from aqueous solution via environmentally friendly adsorbent derived from seashell
Authors: Hashemkhani Maryam , Rezvani Ghalhari Mohammad , Bashardoust Parnia , Hosseini Sara Sadat , Mesdaghinia Alireza , Mahvi Amir Hossein 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNowadays, the presence of excessive ions in water resources is of utmost concern and has attracted increasing attention; therefore, excessive amounts of these ions such as fluoride should be removed from drinking water. Conventional water treatment processes are shown to be incapable of the complete removal of redundant fluoride from aqueous water bodies, whereas adsorption is a promising, effective, cost–benefit, and simple method for this purpose. This study aimed to synthesize effective adsorbents from bivalve shells and evaluate the adsorption function of bivalve shells in removing fluoride from aqueous solutions. In this study, the oyster shell was collected from the Persian Gulf’s seaside and were crushed by manual mortar and blender, and graded with standard sieves with 70 mesh size. The prepared bivalve shell was characterized by SEM and FTIR. To investigate and optimize various variables on fluoride removal percentage a response surface methodology based on central composite design (RSM-CCD) was used. Under optimal conditions (pH: 5.5, adsorbent dose: 0.3 g/L, contact time: 85 min and fluoride concentration: 3 mg/L) the maximum removal efficiency was 97.26%. Results showed that the adsorption equilibrium and kinetic data were matched with the isotherm Langmuir Model (R2 = 0.98) with qmax = 27.31 mg/g and pseudo-second-order reaction (R2 = 0.99). Also, a thermodynamic study exhibited that the adsorption process of fluoride into bivalve shells was an exothermic reaction and could not be a spontaneous adsorption process. Based on the results, the bivalve shell was found as an appropriate adsorbent to remove fluoride from aqueous solutions.
Disparities in transvenous lead extraction in young adults
Authors: Kutarski Andrzej , Jacheć Wojciech , Tułecki Łukasz , Czajkowski Marek , Nowosielecka Dorota , Stefańczyk Paweł , Tomków Konrad , Polewczyk Anna 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAdults with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) implanted at an early age constitute a specific group of patients undergoing transvenous lead extraction (TLE). The aim of this study is to assess safety and effectiveness of TLE in young adults. A comparative analysis of two groups of patients undergoing transvenous lead extraction was performed: 126 adults who were 19–29 years old at their first CIED implantation (early adulthood) and 2659 adults who were > 40 years of age at first CIED implantation and < 80 years of age at the time of TLE (middle-age/older adulthood). CIED-dependent risk factors were more common in young adults, especially longer implant duration (169.7 vs. 94.0 months). Moreover younger age of patients at first implantation, regardless of the dwell lead time, is a factor contributing to the greater development of connective tissue proliferation on the leads (OR 2.587; p < 0.001) and adhesions of the leads with the heart structures (OR 3.322; p < 0.001), which translates into worse TLE results in this group of patients. The complexity of procedures and major complications were more common in younger group (7.1 vs. 2.0%; p < 0.001), including hemopericardium (4.8 vs 1.3; p = 0.006) and TLE-induced tricuspid valve damage (3.2 vs.0.3%; p < 0.001). Among middle-aged/older adults, there were 7 periprocedural deaths: 6 related to the TLE procedure and one associated with indications for lead removal. No fatal complications of TLE were reported in young adults despite the above-mentioned differences (periprocedural mortality rate was comparable in study groups 0.3% vs 0.0%; p = 0.739). Predictors of TLE-associated major complications and procedure complexity were more likely in young adults compared with patients aged > 40 to < 80 years. In younger aged patients prolonged extraction duration and higher procedure complexity were combined with a greater need for second line tools. Both major and minor complications were more frequent in young adults, with hemopericardium and tricuspid valve damage being predominant.
Association between serum apolipoprotein B and atrial fibrillation: a case–control study
Authors: Zhong Xia , Jiao Huachen , Zhao Dongsheng , Teng Jing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe relationship between apolipoprotein B (APOB) and atrial fibrillation (AF) is less well-known. We aimed to investigate the association between APOB and AF by gender. We conducted a case–control study including 1913 consecutive hospitalized patients to analyze the association between APOB and AF. 950 AF patients and 963 age-, sex-matched non-AF patients with sinus rhythm were evaluated. T-test, Mann–Whitney test, ANOVA, and Chi-square analysis were performed to analyze baseline data and intergroup comparisons. Pearson's correlation tests or Spearman correlation tests were performed to determine the interrelationships. Multiple regression analysis was performed to adjust for covariables. The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to examine the performance of APOB. AF patients had lower APOB (P < 0.001) and an independent negative association between APOB and AF in both genders adjusting for confounding factors (OR 0.121, 95% CI 0.067–0.220, P < 0.001), regardless of statin use. APOB was positively correlated with total cholesterol (TC) (r = 0.529, p < 0.001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (r = 0.545, p < 0.001), apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1) (r = 0.083, p < 0.001), and albumin (ALB) (r = 0.134, p < 0.001). ROC curve analysis showed that APOB level = 0.895 g/L was the most optimal cut-off value, the area under the ROC curve was 0.722. This study shows a protective association of APOB with AF in men and women. It implies APOB may be a potential biomarker for AF with a promising cut-off point of 0.895 g/L and may involve initiating and maintaining AF along with several metabolic factors.
Design and optimization of wall-climbing robot impeller by genetic algorithm based on computational fluid dynamics and kriging model
Authors: Fang Yi , Wang Shuai , Cui Da , Bi Qiushi , Jiang Ruihua , Yan Chuliang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn recent years, wall-climbing robots have begun to replace manual work at heights to reduce economic losses and casualties caused by working at heights. This paper designs a negative pressure adsorption type wall-climbing robot and analyzes the internal fluid movement state of its negative pressure device and the force analysis of the robot when it is adsorbed and balanced. Furthermore, through the experimental prototype, the influence of wall material, robot pose, negative pressure cavity shape and sealing method on the adsorption performance of the wall-climbing robot is explored. The computational fluid dynamics simulation (CFD) simulation method and experimental results are used to verify each other, which proves the correctness of the simulation results. Based on the Kriging surrogate model, the functional relationship between the impeller blade outlet angle, the impeller inlet diameter, the number of blades as the design variables, the negative pressure as the dependent variable was established, and the genetic algorithm (GA) was used to optimize it. Compared with the original design, the optimized design results of impeller parameters have increased the negative pressure value from 3534.75 to 4491.19 Pa, an increase of 27.06%.
Chromium removal from tannery wastewaters with a strong cation exchange resin and species analysis of chromium by MINEQL+
Authors: Kocaoba Sevgi , Cetin Gulten , Akcin Goksel 
Published: June 2022

AbstractChromium (III) salts are highly applied for tanning purpose in tannery industries. The purpose of this study was removal and recovery of chromium(III) from tannery wastewater with a strong cation exchange resin. For this purpose, Amberlite 252 ZU was chosen as a strong cation exchange resin. In the first part of this study, The MINEQL+ computer program was applied depending on the optimum concentration and pH for determining Cr species in aqueous solutions. The second part of the work consists of measuring the exchange equilibrium of H+ ions and Cr(III) ions. Therefore, solutions containing fixed amounts of chromium were brought into contact with different amounts of resins. The evaluation of the obtained equilibrium parameters was done by surface complexing theory. Retention and regeneration steps were successfully performed in the column without any significant change up to 10 cycles. Efficiency was between 90 and 98% in removal studies, and between 81 and 92% in recovery studies. The results showed that a strong cation exchange resin Amberlite 252 ZU can be successfully used for chromium removal and recovery.
User‐optimized data transmission scheduling based on edge community service in opportunistic social network
Authors: Wang Ziqi , Jiao Ying , WU Jia 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn order to improve transmission performance, opportunistic social networks are widely used in 5G mobile network communication for network congestion. However, transferring large amounts of data in an instant will lead to data redundancy problems, which will affect the transmission quality. The authors propose a method called user‐optimized data transmission scheduling based on edge community service in opportunistic social networks (ECSUO). This method constructs the edge community service model by introducing mobile edge computing into the opportunistic social network. Then several scheduling factors are set to coordinate the dynamic priority assessment. The simulation results show that ECSUO performs better than other classical opportunistic complex network algorithms in a variety of transmission quality evaluation indexes, and this method also has good applicability when applied to different transmission models.
SREFBN: Enhanced feature block network for single‐image super‐resolution
Authors: Ketsoi Vachiraporn , Raza Muhammad , Chen Haopeng , Yang Xubo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDeep learning has assisted the field of single‐image super‐resolution (SR) in achieving new heights. However, the task of restoring a high‐resolution (HR) image from a highly degraded low‐resolution (LR) image is sophisticated due to poor image restoration quality. A novel and effective lightweight SR method is presented as super‐resolution via an enhanced feature block network (SREFBN) that successfully reconstructs an HR image using a corresponding LR image with a purposed deep residual block. In addition, a novel shared parameters approach in the top‐down pathway among low‐level feature maps is introduced. The experimental results prove that SREFBN achieves remarkable performance. The presented framework requires lower computational cost and outperforms many state‐of‐the‐art methods. It is also highly adaptable with low‐end devices, requiring lower multiplication and adding operations. A trade‐off comparison between the number of parameters, execution time, and accuracies is given while also showing different variations of our approach to prove the effectiveness and reliability of the shared parameters. Most importantly, the results indicate that our framework has gained state‐of‐the‐art performance on larger scales 3 and 4. Code is available at https://github.com/curzii23/SREFBN.
Robust age estimation model using group‐aware contrastive learning
Authors: Li Xiaoqiang , Guo Chengyu , Wu Yifan , Zhu Congcong , Li Jide 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAlthough great efforts have been devoted to developing lightweight models for age estimation in recent works, the robustness is still unsatisfactory in unconstrained environments. This paper proposes a Group‐aware Contrastive Network (GACN), a robust lightweight model, which extracts discriminative features by leveraging contrastive learning rather than increasing model parameters. Specifically, with a carefully designed contrastive loss function, GACN minimizes intra‐class distances and maximizes inter‐class distances between different age groups in feature space. Thus, faces belonging to the same age group are pulled together, while clusters of faces from different age groups are pushed apart. Unlike existing contrastive learning methods, which are separated from the downstream tasks, GACN integrates contrastive learning into age regression and jointly optimizes them for age representation learning. This allows to achieve robust age estimation using a lightweight network that is 1/662 of the model size of VGGNet. Extensive experiments on IMDB‐WIKI, Morph II, and FG‐NET demonstrate that the proposed method has a significant improvement over the baseline model and performs comparably to existing compact and bulky methods.
High gain frequency scanning antenna using dumbbell‐shaped inclined slots and parallel plate waveguide polariser
Authors: Badawy Taher , Bertuch Thomas , Loecker Claudius , Knott Peter 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA high gain vertically polarised travelling‐wave frequency scanning array antenna fed by a meander rectangular waveguide is presented for Ku‐band operation. The proposed antenna is used in a radar demonstrator setup to detect and monitor birds in direct proximity to the wind farms. The goal is to prevent collisions of birds with wind farms. The proposed antenna consists of 34 inclined dumbbell‐shaped radiating slots integrated with a parallel‐plate waveguide. The proposed meandered feeding structure is used to enlarge the beam scanning angle range over frequency. The dumbbell‐shaped radiating slots are employed in the narrow wall of the meandered waveguide due to the space restriction of the meandering. The parallel‐plate waveguide is used as a polarisation filter to reduce the cross‐polarisation level of the proposed antenna owing to the inclination of the radiating slots. An E‐plane horn is used to reduce the beamwidth in the elevation plane. The overall size of the antenna is 20.6λ in length and 15λ in width, where λ is the free space wavelength at 15.55 GHz. The antenna operates in the frequency range from 15.40 to 15.70 GHz. The half power beamwidth is about 4° in the azimuth plane and about 20° in the elevation plane at 15.55 GHz. The main beam of the antenna steers over frequency to cover 39° of angular range in the azimuth plane. A Taylor distribution is applied to achieve sidelobe level below −25 dB in the same plane and 26 dBi gain over the operating frequency range. The antenna array is fabricated and measured successfully to verify the proposed approach. The fabricated antenna shows an impedance matching significantly better than 10 dB in the operating frequency. The measured gain is higher than 25 dB throughout its frequency range.
High step‐up combined boost‐Cuk converter with switched‐inductor
Authors: Li Hongzhu , Cheng Lihong , Sun Xuanjin , Li Chao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a novel boost‐Cuk converter topology based on the combination of a boost and Cuk converters is proposed. The converter has the characteristics of boost and Cuk converters, voltage gain is improved, and the input and output current of the converter is continuous. To further enhance the voltage gain, switching inductance technology is introduced. The proposed converter is designed using magnetic integration, and the influence of magnetic coupling technology on inductance current ripple is theoretically investigated to obtain the converter's minimum inductance current ripple design. A prototype is realised to confirm the validity of the theoretical analysis and the operation of the proposed converter.
Integrated magnetics optimization process for an interleaved three‐phase buck converter at 500 kHz
Authors: Liu Yu‐Chen , Chen Chen , Chung Yu‐Chen , Tsai Meng‐Chi , Kim Katherine A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe optimization of magnetics in power converters switching at high frequencies is needed to achieve high power density and high efficiency. This work provides the design and optimization process of a coupled inductor used in a three‐phase interleaved buck converter that is part of a two‐stage motor drive circuit. The converter uses wide‐bandgap switch devices to reduce switching losses under high‐frequency operation and a coupled inductor that integrates three independent inductors to reduce the number and size of magnetic components. The relationship between the equivalent inductance of the coupled inductor and the coupling coefficient is analysed for different core shapes under various duty cycles. The optimization procedure for the three‐phase coupled inductor core structure is presented that allows for the coupling coefficient to be reduced by adding magnetic volume to reduce the inductor current ripple, while the core loss is reduced by 10.5%. A prototype of the 500‐W three‐phase interleaved converter that operates at 500 kHz with the proposed integrated magnetics technology was tested in experiment, exhibiting a maximum efficiency of 98.63% at full load power.