bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multifunctional inorganic nanomaterials for cancer photoimmunotherapy
Authors: Tang Lu , Zhang Aining , Zhang Ziyao , Zhao Qingqing , Li Jing , Mei Yijun , Yin Yue , Wang Wei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPhototherapy and immunotherapy in combination is regarded as the ideal therapeutic modality to treat both primary and metastatic tumors. Immunotherapy uses different immunological approaches to stimulate the immune system to identify tumor cells for targeted elimination. Phototherapy destroys the primary tumors by light irradiation, which induces a series of immune responses through triggering immunogenic cancer cell death. Therefore, when integrating immunotherapy with phototherapy, a novel anti‐cancer strategy called photoimmunotherapy (PIT) is emerging. This synergistic treatment modality can not only enhance the effectiveness of both therapies but also overcome their inherent limitations, opening a new era for the current anti‐cancer therapy. Recently, the advancement of nanomaterials affords a platform for PIT. From all these nanomaterials, inorganic nanomaterials stand out as ideal mediators in PIT due to their unique physiochemical properties. Inorganic nanomaterials can not only serve as carriers to transport immunomodulatory agents in immunotherapy owing to their excellent drug‐loading capacity but also function as photothermal agents or photosensitizers in phototherapy because of their great optical characteristics. In this review, the recent advances of multifunctional inorganic nanomaterial‐mediated drug delivery and their contributions to cancer PIT will be highlighted.
Phytochemical Contents of Different Parts of the Seeded Raisins from the South‐East Anatolia: Enzyme Inhibitory Potential of Pulp Extracts
Authors: Karatas Dilek Degirmenci , Oz Veysi , Yener Ismail , Akdeniz Mehmet , Erek Figen , Aydin Isıl , Yigitkan Serkan , Yılmaz Mustafa Abdullah , Ertas Abdulselam 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this study, some phytochemical properties of six seeded raisin species that are mainly cultivated in Southeastern Anatolia were investigated. Additionally, some physical and quality characteristics, phenolic contents (by LC‐MS/MS; Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass/Mass Spectrometer System), anticholinesterase, and antioxidant capacities (DPPH; 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl free‐radical scavenging, ABTS; 2,2‐azinobis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulphonic acid cation‐radical scavenging activity and CUPRAC; cupric reducing antioxidant capacity) of the cultivars were investigated on ground raisins. In all three methods, the antioxidant activity values of seed extracts were determined to be higher than those of leaf and pulp extracts. Remarkably, the seed extract of Banazı Siyahı showed the highest antioxidant activity in ABTS (IC50: 4.35±0.02 μg/mL), DPPH (IC50: 10.78±0.78 μg/mL), and CUPRAC (A0.5: 9.33±0.45 μg/mL) methods. Additionally, the ethanol extracts of all pulp samples showed higher anticholinesterase activity against acetyl‐(AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes than galantamine. According to the LC‐MS/MS results, catechin (21.362 mg analyte/g extract) and epicatechin (44.667 mg analyte/g extract) found to be quite rich in Kerküş seed extract and isoquercitrin (116.873 mg analyte/g extract) and astragalin (31.915 mg analyte/g extract) detected to be quite rich in Banazı Siyahı leaf extract. Considering the mineral content of the varieties and the soil samples they grow in, all of the grape varieties analyzed in the study was found to be rich. Based on these findings, it might be suggested that Banazı Siyahı and Kerküş varieties have potential to be utilized in pharmaceutical and food industries, due to their contents of catechins, isoquercitrin and astragalin.
Morphological Perspective on Energy Storage Behavior of Cobalt Vanadium Oxide
Authors: Nanthagopal Murugan , Santhoshkumar P. , Ho Chang Won , Shaji Nitheesha , Sim Gyu Sang , Lee Chang Woo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCurrently available graphitic‐based anodes for lithium‐ion storage do not meet the present‐day energy requirements. Concerning the upcoming energy demands, it is necessary to discover high‐performance anode materials that are suitable for lithium‐ion energy storage systems. Herein, a CoV2O6 (cobalt vanadium oxide, cobalt vanadate denoted as CV) anode material using a simple solvothermal technique is synthesized. Furthermore, the effects of modifying the molar concentration of the precursor materials are investigated. Interestingly, there is no change in the crystal structure, but there is a morphological evolution in the materials. Due to the morphological variations, the electrochemical performances vary significantly. Among the synthesized materials, the CV‐2 compound performs the best, exhibiting excellent performance for lithium‐ion batteries as an anode. At the end of 500 cycles, the material delivers a specific discharge capacity of 391.03 mAh g−1 with a current density of 500 mA g−1.
Electrocarboxylation of Spiropyran Switches through Carbon‐Bromide Bond Cleavage Reaction
Authors: Santiago Sara , Richart Clara , Mena Silvia , Gallardo Iluminada , Hernando Jordi , Guirado Gonzalo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis manuscript deals with carbon capture and utilization to synthetize high‐added chemicals using CO2 as a C1‐organic building block for C−C bond formation. The study focuses on the electrocarboxylation of 1,3,3‐trimethylindolino‐6′‐bromobenzopyrylospiran switch (Br‐BIPS). Prior to the electrocarboxylation process, the electrochemical reduction mechanism of Br‐BIPS and CO2 is disclosed in polar aprotic solvents using two different cathodes (glassy carbon and silver) under nitrogen atmosphere. Once the role of the cathode in the reduction carbon‐bromide bond cleavage is understood, carboxylated spiropyran derivatives can be synthesized in moderate yields and conversion rates through an electrocarboxylation process using CO2 silver cathode and polar aprotic solvents. The “green” efficient route described in the current work would open a new sustainable strategy for designing and building “smart” surfaces with switchable physical properties.
Effect of pendant stereostructure on backbone conformation and enantioseparation ability of helical polyacetylene‐based chiral stationary phases
Authors: Shi Ge , Li Yue , Dai Xiao , Shen Jun , Wan Xinhua 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSix proline‐derived acetylene monomers bearing either two stereocenters (S‐mR, S‐mS, R‐mS, Rac‐mS and S‐mRac) or one stereocenter (S‐mBn) were obtained from commercially available N‐(tert‐butoxycarbonyl)‐prolinal. Under the catalysis of Rh‐diene complex, they were converted to the corresponding optically active helical polymers, S‐pR, S‐pS, R‐pS, Rac‐pS, S‐pRac, and S‐pBn. The correlations between configuration and position of stereocenters in pendants with the polymer conformation as well as chiral resolution performance were systematically explored by a combination of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Raman, UV–Vis absorption, electronic/vibration circular dichroism spectroscopies, high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and computational simulation. The configuration of the stereocenter adjacent to polymer mainchain determined the sense of helical conformation and the elution order of analytes, while that of the remote one affected the arrangement of pendants and the scope of analytes that could be discriminated. Among 18 aromatic analytes selected, S‐pR could discriminate 10, while S‐pS recognized 12. The racemization of adjacent or remote stereocenters greatly reduced the scope of analytes that could be resolved. Based on computer simulations, S‐pS had larger recognition space than S‐pR, favoring the steric fit with the racemates containing axial chirality. The strength and number of intermolecular hydrogen bondings between enantiomers and CSPs predominantly determined the chiral discrimination.
Ventricular repolarization heterogeneity in patients with COVID‐19: Original data, systematic review, and meta‐analysis
Authors: Mahmoudi Elham , Mollazadeh Reza , Mansouri Pejman , Keykhaei Mohammad , Mirshafiee Shayan , Hedayat Behnam , Salarifar Mojtaba , Yuyun Matthew F. , Yarmohammadi Hirad 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundCoronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) has been associated with an increased risk of acute cardiac events. However, the effect of COVID‐19 on repolarization heterogeneity is not yet established. In this study, we evaluated electrocardiogram (ECG) markers of repolarization heterogeneity in patients hospitalized with COVID‐19. In addition, we performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis of the published studies.MethodsQT dispersion (QTd), the interval between T wave peak to T wave end (TpTe), TpTe/QT (with and without correction), QRS width, and the index of cardio‐electrophysiological balance (iCEB) were calculated in 101 hospitalized COVID‐19 patients and it was compared with 101 non‐COVID‐19 matched controls. A systematic review was performed in four databases and meta‐analysis was conducted using Stata software.ResultsTp‐Te, TpTe/QT, QRS width, and iCEB were significantly increased in COVID‐19 patients compared with controls (TpTe = 82.89 vs. 75.33 ms (ms), p‐value = .005; TpTe/QT = 0.217 vs. 0.203 ms, p‐value = .026). After a meta‐analysis of 679 COVID‐19 cases and 526 controls from 9 studies, TpTe interval, TpTe/QT, and TpTe/QTc ratios were significantly increased in COVID‐19 patients. Meta‐regression analysis moderated by age, gender, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and smoking reduced the heterogeneity. QTd showed no significant correlation with COVID‐19.ConclusionCOVID‐19 adversely influences the ECG markers of transmural heterogeneity of repolarization. Studies evaluating the predictive value of these ECG markers are warranted to determine their clinical utility.
Antiparasitic Derivatives of the Furoquinoline Alkaloids Kokusaginine And Flindersiamine
Authors: Belén Valdez María , Bernal Giménez Diana María , Fernández Lucía Raquel , Musikant Alejandro Daniel , Ferri Gabriel , Sáenz Daniel , Di Venosa Gabriela , Casas Adriana , Avigliano Esteban , Edreira Martín Miguel , Palermo Jorge Alejandro 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe report the synthesis of 16 new compounds obtained from kokusaginine and flindersiamine, the main alkaloids isolated from the bark of Balfourodendron riedelianum. The activity of the compounds against axenic cultures of Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigtotes and trypomastigotes, as well as intracellular amastigotes, is described, together with their cytotoxic activity against three different human cell lines. The synthetic strategy for the preparation of the new compounds was based on the reactivity at the C4 position of the furoquinoline core towards nucleophiles. The new derivatives were synthesized by a Buchwald‐Hartwig reaction, in most cases under green, solvent‐free conditions. Compounds 1 c and 1 e displayed better in‐vitro activity against trypomastigotes than benznidazole and nifurtimox (positive controls) with IC50<4 μM. In addition, both compounds were not cytotoxic against the three human cell lines K562 (erytroleukimia), LM2 (breast cancer), and HaCat (keratinocyte). Interestingly, when evaluated against intracellular amastigotes, compound 1 c was able to significantly reduce the number of this parasite form, compared to the negative control.
Psychological distress and associated additional medical expenditures in adolescent and young adult cancer survivors
Authors: Abdelhadi Ola A. , Pollock Brad H. , Joseph Jill G. , Keegan Theresa H. M. 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundAdolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors experience psychological distress often because of cancer and its treatment. However, no prior studies have evaluated the additional medical expenditures and health care utilization associated with psychological distress in AYA cancer survivors.MethodsAYA cancer survivors and a comparison matched group of adults with no history of cancer were identified from 2011‐2016 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data. Medical expenditures and health care utilization were evaluated with multivariable regression models.ResultsAYA cancer survivors were more likely to have psychological distress (11.5% of 1757) than adults with no history of cancer (5.8% of 5227). The prevalence of psychological distress was found to be high many years after the diagnosis, with 11.2% reporting distress ≥20 years after their cancer diagnosis. AYA cancer survivors with psychological distress were more likely to smoke and have chronic conditions and were less likely to exercise regularly in comparison with AYAs with no history of psychological distress. AYA cancer survivors with psychological distress had additional annual medical expenses ($4415; 95% CI, $993‐$9690), office visits (2.80; 95% CI, 0.23‐6.15), and use of prescription medications/medication renewals (11.58; 95% CI, 5.70‐19.47) in comparison with AYA cancer survivors without psychological distress. Additional annual medical expenses of psychological distress were $2600 higher in AYA cancer survivors than adults without a history of cancer ($1802; 95% CI, $440‐$3791).ConclusionsThese results highlight the substantial economic burden associated with psychological distress in AYA cancer survivors. This research could inform survivorship care plans and interventions addressing the psychological needs of AYA cancer survivors.
Periodontal disease prevalence, extent, and risk associations in untreated individuals
Authors: Alawaji Yasmine N. , Alshammari Abdulsalam , Mostafa Nesrine , Carvalho Ricardo M. , Aleksejuniene Jolanta 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesto examine the prevalence, extent, and risk associations of untreated periodontitis.Materials and MethodsA purposive sample of subjects who were never treated for periodontal conditions was clinically examined after collecting information about their sociodemographic characteristics, medical conditions, oral health behaviors, perceived stress, and perceived social support.ResultsA total of 431 subjects were recruited (response rate, 97.0%), and their mean age (SD) was 35.4 (13.3) years. Overall, high plaque levels were observed in all untreated individuals. The prevalence of periodontitis and severe (stage III/IV) periodontitis using the American Academy of Periodontology and European Federation of Periodontology (AAP/EFP) classification were 85.4% and 48.5%, respectively. The prevalence of moderate‐severe and severe periodontitis using the definitions of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and AAP were 78.4% and 31.1%, respectively. The extent of periodontitis expressed as mean% of clinical attachment loss (CAL) ≥ 3 mm and CAL ≥ 5 mm were 34.9% and 14.4%, respectively, while the mean% of a periodontal probing depth (PPD) ≥4 mm and PPD ≥6 mm were 22.0% and 9.2%, respectively. Risk determinants associated with AAP/EFP periodontitis after the adjustment for other variables were age ≥35 years (odds ratio [OR] = 11.5) and lower income (OR = 2.5). Adjusted risk associations with stage II/IV periodontitis included age ≥35 years (OR = 8.2), males (OR = 2.5), lower income (OR = 2.3), and lower perceived stress (OR = 2.0). Adjusted risk associations with CDC/AAP moderate‐severe periodontitis included age ≥35 years (OR = 12.0), lower income (OR = 2.1), and current cigarette smoking (OR = 4.2). Adjusted risk associations with CDC/AAP severe periodontitis included age ≥35 years (OR = 4.5), males (OR = 1.9), lower education (OR = 2.0), lower income (OR = 1.7), uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (OR = 2.0), and current cigarette smoking (OR = 2.3).ConclusionsThe prevalence and extent of periodontitis were high in untreated subjects. Risk associations with untreated periodontitis included age ≥35 years, males, lower income, lower education, current cigarette smoking, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, and lower perceived stress.
Circulating CD8+ mucosal‐associated invariant T cells correlate with improved treatment responses and overall survival in anti‐PD‐1‐treated melanoma patients
Authors: Vorwald Victoria M , Davis Dana M , Van Gulick Robert J , Torphy Robert J , Borgers Jessica SW , Klarquist Jared , Couts Kasey L , Amato Carol M , Cogswell Dasha T , Fujita Mayumi , Castleman Moriah J , Davis Timothy , Lozupone Catherine , Medina Theresa M , Robinson William A , Gapin Laurent , McCarter Martin D , Tobin Richard P 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesWhile much of the research concerning factors associated with responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has focussed on the contributions of conventional peptide‐specific T cells, the role of unconventional T cells, such as mucosal‐associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, in human melanoma remains largely unknown. MAIT cells are an abundant population of innate‐like T cells expressing a semi‐invariant T‐cell receptor restricted to the MHC class I‐like molecule, MR1, presenting vitamin B metabolites derived from bacteria. We sought to characterise MAIT cells in melanoma patients and determined their association with treatment responses and clinical outcomes.MethodsIn this prospective clinical study, we analysed the frequency and functional profile of circulating and tumor‐infiltrating MAIT cells in human melanoma patients. Using flow cytometry, we compared these across metastatic sites and between ICI responders vs. non‐responders as well as healthy donors.ResultsWe identified tumor‐infiltrating MAIT cells in melanomas across metastatic sites and found that the number of circulating MAIT cells is reduced in melanoma patients compared to healthy donors. However, circulating MAIT cell frequencies are restored by ICI treatment in responding patients, correlating with treatment responses, in which patients with high frequencies of MAIT cells exhibited significantly improved overall survival.ConclusionOur results suggest that MAIT cells may be a potential predictive marker of responses to immunotherapies and provide rationale for testing MAIT cell‐directed therapies in combination with current and next‐generation ICIs.
Origin, molecular specification, and stemness of astrocytes
Authors: Zheng Kang , Huang Hao , Yang Junlin , Qiu Mengsheng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAstrocytes are the most abundant cell type in the central nervous system, carrying out a wide spectrum of biological functions. During early development, neural progenitor cells in the ventricular zone first produce neurons, followed by macroglia in the form of astrocytes or oligodendrocytes. Although the lineage progression of oligodendrocytes has been well understood, the developmental staging of astrocytes has not been defined and the molecular mechanisms underlying their fate specification and differentiation remain largely unknown. The recent advent of sophisticated molecular biology technology, especially single‐cell sequencing, has enabled a deeper understanding of the patterning and molecular specification of astrocyte lineage. Based on the recent single‐cell sequencing data, we provide an up‐to‐date and mechanistic review of the early development and heterogeneity of astrocyte lineage in the developing cortex, and compile a list of stage‐specific markers for astrocyte development. In addition, emerging evidence suggests that under physiological conditions, mature astrocytes are partially specialized progenitor cells that have functionally adapted to local neuronal microenvironment. Under pathological or injury conditions, astrocytes are capable of reentering cell cycles and differentiating into other neural cell types under the influence of both intrinsic factors and environmental cues.
From a non‐targeted metabolomics approach to a targeted biomarkers strategy to highlight testosterone abuse in equine. Illustration of a methodological transfer between platforms and laboratories
Authors: Cloteau Chloé , Dervilly Gaud , Kaabia Zied , Bagilet Florian , Delcourt Vivian , Loup Benoit , Guitton Yann , Royer Anne‐Lise , Monteau Fabrice , Garcia Patrice , Popot Marie‐Agnès , Le Bizec Bruno , Bailly‐Chouriberry Ludovic 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn order to overcome the challenge associated with the screening of Anabolic‐Androgenic Steroids abuses in animal competitions, a non‐targeted liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry based metabolomics approach was implemented on equine urine samples to highlight potential biomarkers associated with the administration of such compounds, using testosterone esters as model steroids. A statistical model relying on four potential biomarkers intensity could be defined to predict the status of the samples. With a routine application perspective, the monitoring of the highlighted potential biomarkers was first transferred into high‐throughput liquid chromatography‐selected reaction monitoring (LC‐SRM). The model's performances and robustness of the approach were preserved and providing a first demonstration of metabolomics‐based biomarkers integration within a targeted workflow using common benchtop MS instrumentation. In addition, with a view to the widespread implementation of such biomarker‐based tools, we have transferred the method to a second laboratory with similar instrumentation. This proof of concept allows the development and application of biomarker‐based strategies to meet current doping control needs.