bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Modifying TiO2 with Lanthanides on the Photocatalytic
Degradation of Ciprofloxacin, A Hydrophobic Compound
Authors: Paz Yaron , Toker Omri , Krysa Josef 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Recent years have seen the increased use of antibiotics and hormones in domestic, agricultural and healthcare applications. As a result, waste streams contain more and more of
these compounds, which eventually end up in the environment, where they might cause serious damage to flora and fauna, even in miniscule amounts. This issue is currently not resolved by conventional
waste treatment plants, as their adequacy for handling these compounds, many of which are non-polar,
is quite limited.

Objective:
This work studies the effect of modifying the hydrophilic photocatalyst TiO2 with various
rare earth oxides (REOs), of the lanthanide family (Er, La, Gd, Ce), on the photocatalytic activity toward degrading non-polar compounds. Ciprofloxacin, a widely used antibiotic, was chosen as a model
hydrophobic compound. Its degradation rate was compared with that of caffeine, used as a model hydrophilic compound.

Methods:
Fused silica plates were coated with REO-containing films comprising TiO2 and silica. The
latter was used as a binder to assure high integrity and strong adherence of the films to their substrates. The plates were characterized by SEM, EDS, XPS, and scratch-resistance measurements. The
photocatalytic kinetics were determined with UV-Vis spectroscopy (caffeine) or fluorescence spectroscopy (ciprofloxacin). Further information was obtained by measuring the kinetics in the presence
of charge scavengers and by SEM-EDS mapping of the surface following photodeposition of platinum.

Results:
Most REOs-modified TiO2 coatings showed increased activity and selectivity towards ciprofloxacin compared to coatings that did not contain REOs. A study on the silica binder's role suggests
that the binder's hydrophobicity plays an important role in promoting ciprofloxacin degradation. With
respect to REOs contribution, SEM-EDS mapping of REOs-containing films indicated that the REOs
act as electron sinks, despite the position of their conduction bands. This charge accumulation is likely
responsible for the contribution of the REOs to the enhanced degradation of ciprofloxacin. The hydrophobicity of lanthanide oxides, while affecting the adsorption of the non-polar ciprofloxacin, cannot
explain the observed effects.

Conclusion:
Oxides of erbium, gadolinium and lanthanum may be used to increase photocatalytic
rates via electron accumulation, despite the location of their conduction bands. This is in parallel to
their effect as adsorption promotors of hydrophobic compounds
The Association Between COVID-19 Information Sources and Stigma Against Health Care Workers Among College Students: Cross-sectional, Observational Study
Authors: Nakanishi Miharu , Sakai Mai , Takagi Gen , Toshi Keita , Wakashima Koubun , Yoshii Hatsumi 
Published: July 2022

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered stigmatic attitudes against health care workers. Some forms of social media may play a role in disseminating stigmatizing messages.

Objective
We aimed to investigate the association between COVID-19 information sources and stigma against health care workers among college students during the pandemic.

Methods
A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted using a web-based platform in the Tohoku region of Japan. College students aged ≥20 years were asked to complete the questionnaire between August 18 and October 31, 2020. Stigma against health care workers was evaluated using a modified Japanese version of the Social Distance Scale. Participants were also asked to rate their perceived vulnerability to infection using the Japanese version of the Perceived Vulnerability to Disease scale.

Results
A total of 281 students from 8 colleges completed the web-based survey. There were 139 (49.5%) participants who used Twitter, 187 (66.5%) who used news websites, and 46 (16.4%) who used the websites of public health agencies as COVID-19 information sources. After adjusting for age, sex, department, and Perceived Vulnerability to Disease scores, the level of stigma did not differ between students who used Twitter and those who did not. Students who used the websites of public health agencies showed a significantly less stigmatic attitude than those who did not.

Conclusions
Fact-checking and directing visitors to credible information sources from public health agencies may have prevented the formation of stigmatic attitudes toward health care workers. An effective strategy to enable easy access to information provided by public agencies should be integrated into widespread web-based platforms.
Identifying Patients Who Meet Criteria for Genetic Testing of Hereditary Cancers Based on Structured and Unstructured Family Health History Data in the Electronic Health Record: Natural Language Processing Approach
Authors: Shi Jianlin , Morgan Keaton L , Bradshaw Richard L , Jung Se-Hee , Kohlmann Wendy , Kaphingst Kimberly A , Kawamoto Kensaku , Fiol Guilherme Del 
Published: July 2022

Background
Family health history has been recognized as an essential factor for cancer risk assessment and is an integral part of many cancer screening guidelines, including genetic testing for personalized clinical management strategies. However, manually identifying eligible candidates for genetic testing is labor intensive.

Objective
The aim of this study was to develop a natural language processing (NLP) pipeline and assess its contribution to identifying patients who meet genetic testing criteria for hereditary cancers based on family health history data in the electronic health record (EHR). We compared an algorithm that uses structured data alone with structured data augmented using NLP.

Methods
Algorithms were developed based on the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines for genetic testing for hereditary breast, ovarian, pancreatic, and colorectal cancers. The NLP-augmented algorithm uses both structured family health history data and the associated unstructured free-text comments. The algorithms were compared with a reference standard of 100 patients with a family health history in the EHR.

Results
Regarding identifying the reference standard patients meeting the NCCN criteria, the NLP-augmented algorithm compared with the structured data algorithm yielded a significantly higher recall of 0.95 (95% CI 0.9-0.99) versus 0.29 (95% CI 0.19-0.40) and a precision of 0.99 (95% CI 0.96-1.00) versus 0.81 (95% CI 0.65-0.95). On the whole data set, the NLP-augmented algorithm extracted 33.6% more entities, resulting in 53.8% more patients meeting the NCCN criteria.

Conclusions
Compared with the structured data algorithm, the NLP-augmented algorithm based on both structured and unstructured family health history data in the EHR increased the number of patients identified as meeting the NCCN criteria for genetic testing for hereditary breast or ovarian and colorectal cancers.
PKM PERENCANAAN DAN PENGENDALIAN KEGIATAN PADA KEGIATAN MASJID DAN MUSHALA MUHAMMADIYAH DI KECAMATAN DAU MALANG
Authors: Warsono Warsono , Nurhasanah Siti , Widayat Widayat 
Published: July 2022

Sebagai salah satu Cabang Muhammadiyah besar di Kabupaten Malang, Pengurus Cabang Muhammadiyah (PCM) Kecamatan Dau saat ini mengelola lebih dari 25 masjid dan mushala yang tersebar di berbagai desa. Dalam kenyataannya, tidak semua masjid dan mushala tersebut dikelola dengan baik. Dengan kondisi ini, agar kegiatan-kegiatan yang dijalankan oleh masjid dan mushala dapat berjalan lebih baik, maka perlu peningkatan, terutama dari aspek perencanaan dan pengendaliannya. Dalam upaya membantu para pengurus masjid dan mushala Muhammadiyah di Kecamatan Dau dalam melakukan perbaikan ini, maka kegiatan yang akan dijalankan dalam pengabdian masyarakat ini ditujukan untuk: (1) memberikan pemahaman tentang fungsi perencanaan dan pengendalian pada kegiatan masjid; dan (2) melakukan pendampingan dalam mengimplementasikan fungsi perencanaan dan pengendalian pada kegiatan masjid dan mushala. Dalam upaya mencapai tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini, metode kegiatan yang digunakan ada tiga macam, yaitu: (1) pelatihan yang dilakukan dengan metode ceramah dan diskusi interaktif; (2) praktik langsung dengan menyusun perencanaan dan melakukan pengendalian; dan (3) pendampingan dan konsultansi kepada para peserta dalam mengimplementasikan konsep dan metode perencanaan dan pengendalian kegiatan. Kegiatan pertama berupa pelatihan tentang perencanaan dan pengendalian kegiatan masjid dan mushala dilaksanakan pada 5 September 2021, bertempat Masjid Padepokan Hisbul Waton, Jetak Lor, Desa Mulyoagung, dan diikuti oleh 17 takmir/pengurus masjid dan mushala Muhammadiyah di Kecamatan Dau. Kegiatan pelatihan ini menghasilkan peningkatan pemahaman tentang perencanaan dan pengendalian dari para peserta sebesar 68,01%. Di samping itu, para peserta memiliki kemampuan menerapkan prinsip perencanaan dan pengendalian kegiatan tersebut. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa: (1) peserta mendapat nilai tambah pemahaman tentang perencanaan dan pengendalian kegiatan masjid setelah mengikuti pelatihan, (2) para peserta mampu mengimplementasikan prinsip-prinsip perencanaan dan pengendalian sesuai dengan hasil pelatihan. Dari kesimpulan ini, ada saran bagi: (1) takmir/pengurus masjid dan mushala Muhammadiyah di Kecamatan Dau, (2) pengurus PCM, (3) jamaah masjid dan mushala Muhammadiyah di Kecamatan Dau, dan (4) Dekanat FEB UMM
Design and Optimization of Floating Microspheres Using Abelmoschus esculentus Natural Polymer
Authors: Krishnaveni Manubolu  , Sreenivasulu Munna  , Chandrasekhar Kothapalli Bonnoth  
Published: July 2022

The main objective of the present research study was to fabricate Vildagliptin floating microspheres by ionotropic gelation using natural polymer, Abelmoschus esculentus obtained from the fruits of Abelmoschus esculentus in combination with sodium alginate. Microspheres were prepared and optimized using central composite rotatable design model using design expert software version 12 .The study is focussed on the interaction effects of the three independent variables, natural polymer concentration, sodium alginate concentration and crosslinker concentration, optimization of formulations response surface methodology was used . drug –excipient compatibility studies were carried out by infrared spectroscopic studies. Infrared spectroscopic studies clearly shown that drug and excipients were compatible. Totally 15 formulations were generated taking 8 factorial points, 6 axial points and 1 centre point. Response surface methodology was used to optimize the formulations. To investigate the responses %cumulative drug release, floating time and floating lag time Response surface methodology was used Polynomial equations and model plots of 3 dimensional model surface plots were generated. Vildagliptin optimized microspheres were formulated and a second order, model quadratic model was used to study influence of formulation factors on response variables. Experimental data of Statistical analysis exhibited good coefficient of regression for cumulative in vitro drug release Regression F –ratios for the experimental variables were significant. The experimental values and predicted values are agreed. All fifteen formulations exhibited % yield of 94.35-99.99%, particle size of 124-441µm, %swelling index 64.52-89.65%, floating time of 10.16 to 13.16 and floating lag time of 30.31 to 46.98 sec. F4 formulation is optimized based on cumulative % in-vitro drug release at 2nd hour, 12th hour, floating lag time and floating time values. Predicted and observed results are in agreement 95% confidence intervals. Based on investigation, RSM is the good tool for optimization of formulations.
The Concept of “Developmental State” in the Context of Eurasian Integration
Authors: Kudaiarov U. B. , Matazimov A. M. 
Published: July 2022

Since the economic crisis of 2008, and more recently with the COVID-19 pandemic, we have seen an active involvement of the state in economic recovery. Consequently, there is growing interest in analyzing the degree of government involvement in economic development and market regulation, as well as in reviving the “developmental state” (DS) approach, in particular.Aim.To update the concept of the “developmental state” in the light of the new circumstances inherent in the 21st century. This step will allow us to take a fresh look at the model and determine the main trends of its development.Tasks.We seek to outline the classical version of the “DS” concept proposed by Ch. Johnson, to present the challenges faced by the states, to correlate the classical version with the new “possible” version of the “DS” concept, to analyze the relevance of the model in relation to the development of the EAEU.Methods.We use the systematic approach and general scientific methods of retrospective, comparative analysis, induction and deduction, generalization, grouping of information.Results.We present several bases that may become the impetus for the model transformation.Conclusion.The “21st century developmental state” must retain the bureaucratic capacity, “embedded autonomy” and now assume greater social responsibility. Human capacity, empowerment and digitalization of state functioning will be fundamental elements of a new developmental state model. The EAEU has all the possibilities to apply the model at the supranational level. Its implementation depends on the readiness of the countries for such a transformation.
State Capitalism in Russia: A Review Article (Part 1)
Authors: Zhuravlev O. M. , Matveev I. A. 
Published: July 2022

The article reviews current scholarship and debates on state capitalism as well as studies of this phenomenon in Russia.Aim. This article aims to review current scholarly debates on state intervention in the Russian economy and identify key positions in this field.Tasks. In the first part of the article, we reveal the history of the concept of ‘state capitalism’ and review debates on the ‘new state capitalism’, its developmentalist, political, social and other interpretations.Methods. This article compares scholars’ positions and identifies divisions in the field.Results. In the first part of the article, we demonstrate that the concept of ‘state capitalism’ has been discussed in the Marxist tradition since the late 19th century. However, the crisis of 2008-2009 marked the renewal of mainstream interest in this phenomenon. There are several interpretations of state capitalism. Industrial policy view treats state capitalism as a way of stimulating economic growth and technological development. Social policy view considers it to be an instrument of solving social problems, such as unemployment and high prices on certain goods and services. Political view envisions state capitalism as a vehicle for rent-seeking and patronage. Geopolitical view treats it as an instrument of foreign policy and the defense of national sovereignty. State capitalism is also seen as a vehicle for financialization and globalization. State capitalism is studied both on the microlevel of specific industries, regions and projects, and on the macrolevel of the national economies.Conclusion. Current debates on state capitalism comprise a dynamic, multidisciplinary research field. Within this field, the Russian case should be investigated in the comparative perspective.
Rapprochement of the Positions of the EAEU Member States on the Issues of the Climate Agenda and Carbon Regulation
Authors: Migaleva T. E. , Podbiralina G. V. , Razumnova L. L. 
Published: July 2022

Aim. Analyze the existing production potential in the EAEU countries and identify conditions for the development of a common climate policy and common mechanisms for carbon regulation based on the convergence of the positions of the member states of the integration association.Tasks. Determine the degree of use of the production potential of the EAEU; assess the possibilities and formulate proposals for enhancing the actions of the participating countries for its implementation in the field of sustainable development and climate policy.Methods. Based on the use of general scientific methods. In particular, the use of logical and comparative methods made it possible to most fully analyze the factors and trends of the processes under study; to identify problems that prevent convergence of the positions of the EAEU member states on the issues of the climate agenda and carbon regulation and propose possible options for their solution.Results. It has been determined that the existing production potential of the EAEU member countries is currently not fully realized. Its further development is associated with the need for investments to reload existing production capacities, technological renewal and an increase in labor productivity. Possible directions are presented that allow the EAEU countries to develop common positions on a unified climate policy and carbon regulation mechanisms.Conclusion. Today, climate problems are becoming irreversible and coming to the forefront of the international agenda, which is pushing countries to revise their carbon strategy. Based on the study, it was concluded that there are obstacles to the promotion of the “green” agenda in the EAEU, such as political and macroeconomic instability, the use of protectionist measures between the member countries of the association (this was especially characteristic during the pandemic), upholding their own sovereignty, etc.), which makes it difficult to develop joint mechanisms for regulating common markets. On the other hand, an assessment of the opportunities for convergence of the positions of the EAEU countries showed that there is a wide range of areas of interaction: for example, all EAEU countries have adopted national strategies for sustainable (“green”) development, which imply the modernization of economies through, including , and external financing, which creates incentives for the creation of joint companies and conditions for the development of a common climate policy and unified mechanisms for carbon regulation.
Outer Factors of Meiji Japan’s Fast Modernization at the End of the 19th Century
Authors: Mamytov U. E. 
Published: July 2022

The end of the globalization and the rise of the “curtain wall” between the West and Russia again raises the question of economic and technological backwardness of Eurasian Union countries comparing to the “developed countries”, and especially the backwardness of such countries as Kyrgyzstan. That fact is sufficiently connected to sometimes extremal concentration on inner problems, which prevents the state and inner community to set pragmatic aims of rapid technological and economic development. In this context the experience of fast catch-up of Japan at the end of the 19th century gives a good example how that can be realized. And that Japanese experience is still looks actual, despite that it happened almost 150 years ago.Aim. An evaluation of the affection of outer factors in Meiji Japan’s fast economic catch-up.Tasks. For those purposes were analyzed the reasons of fast economic development, as well as the factors which stimulated Japan’s modernization.Methods. As a methodology there was used an analysis of economic, technological and ideological factors.Results. Results of the research demonstrate that, first, the fast catch-up itself was pushed by outer threats of getting into colonial dependency of the Western countries, and second, for fast development Japan pragmatically used Western technologies.Conclusion. Technological modernization should become the basic factor for rapid economic development of the Eurasian Union countries, and the state can play certain coordinating role in such a process sometimes using ideological factors.
Features of Political Transit in the Post-Soviet Space (on the Example of the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic and the Donetsk People’s Republic)
Authors: Salnikov V. I. , Kotov E. V. 
Published: July 2022

The collapse of the USSR led not only to the formation of 15 independent states in the place of the former Soviet republics, but also to the strengthening of secessionism and the emergence of de facto states in the post-Soviet. The emergence, formation and transit of states of this type have many, both common and specific features associated with the peculiarities of their birth.Aim. A comparative analysis of the formation and transit of the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (PMR) and the Donetsk People’s Republic (DPR) as de facto states of the Russian world and a comparative analysis of the formation of industrial models of the economy of the unrecognized states and their management systems.Tasks. Development of models of management systems for the development of the economy of the self-proclaimed republics. Drawing up and substantiation of medium-term forecasts for the development of the PMR and the DPR: 1) integration into a new union state; 2) return to their “mother states” (Moldova and Ukraine); 3) joining Russia, 4) partial international recognition; 5) continuation of existence in the form of a “gray zone” of the economy and politics. Other options are possible, the most tragic of which is the end of support from Russia, which means the end of the existence of these de facto states.Methods. Methods of system analysis, short- and medium-term forecasting, comparative analysis were used.Conclusions. At the heart of any political system is the economy. It is the quality of the constructed economic model that determines the level and duration of the political independence of the state. This connection is especially evident in the construction of the statehood of territorial neoplasms, in which the creation of an economic system is built according to the patterns and principles of the economic system of the patron stateareas”, the shortcomings of the patron state system of the same name, from which the economic model and management mechanisms were “written off”, a comprehensive consideration of the features of secessionism in the specific historical conditions of the emergence of unrecogni zed states is necessary.
Do Corporate Taxes Affect Executive Compensation?
Authors: Bornemann Tobias , Jacob Martin , Sailer Mariana 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
The limitation of executive compensation has been a matter of public and policy debate for at least 20 years. We examine a regulatory action in Austria in 2014 where the tax deductibility of the total value of executive compensation is unavoidably limited. We find no average effects on the growth or composition of executives’ pay. However, the deductibility limit affects the managers of firms with low bargaining power and of firms with strong corporate governance, indicating that they are affected by the deductibility limit. Additionally, the contract durations for executives decrease after renegotiation. We further find that affected firms experience cuts in investment and research and development, suggesting that shareholders bear part of the economic burden. Our results indicate that the effectiveness of other reforms, such as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, in restricting executive pay is rather limited.
JEL Classifications: H21; H22; M41.