bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Dental Caries among Basic School Children in Kathmandu Metropolitan City, Nepal: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Giri Mahendra , Pandit Shailesh Kumar , Oli Hari Prasad , Giri Sujata 
Published: February 2022

INTRODUCTION: Oral health problems of school children are one of the most common health related problem in the world. The prevalence of dental caries is significantly higher in school children. In Nepal, the morbidity of dental caries is very high among school children compared to other age groups. Dental caries is neglected at initial stages in children, but when the disease becomes progressive the treatment options being one of the most expensive and unaffordable. This study sought to identity the prevalence and associated risk factors of dental caries among basic school children age group from 6-12 years.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Analytical cross-sectional study design was carried out among school children. . A semi-structured questionnaire was developed and face to face interview method was used to collect information from two public schools and two private schools of Kathmandu metropolitan City. Purposive sampling technique was applied. DMFT (Decayed, Missed, Filled, Teeth) index was adopted to measure mixed dentition, and also to assess the oral health status of school children. The collected data was entered and analyzed using IBM SPSS-20.
RESULTS: Among 274 participants, there were equal number of female and male students (Female: 137, Male: 137), likewise the number of participants from public and private school was also equal. The prevalence of dental caries among school children was found to be 55.84% and there was significant association between frequency of brushing with dental caries (p=0.001). 176 (64.2%) of the participants consumed normal food, 56 (20.4%) consumed junk food and 39 (14.2%) consumed spicy food. The consumption of different food types played a significant role in the occurrence of dental caries.
CONCLUSIONS: Frequency of brushing and types of food consumption are significantly associated with the higher prevalence of dental caries among school children. Regular dental check-up and good brushing practice can reduce the prevalence of dental caries in school children. Hence, continuous oral health programs including demonstration of proper brushing technique along with oral health awareness programs at school can help to reduce the burden of dental caries among school children.
Lateral versus prone robot-assisted percutaneous pedicle screw placement: a CT-based comparative assessment of accuracy
Authors: Fayed Islam , Tai Alexander , Triano Matthew J. , Weitz Daniel , Sayah Anousheh , Voyadzis Jean-Marc , Sandhu Faheem A. 
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVE
Single-position lateral lumbar interbody fusion (SP-LLIF) has recently gained significant popularity due to increased operative efficiency, but it remains technically challenging. Robot-assisted percutaneous pedicle screw (RA-PPS) placement can facilitate screw placement in the lateral position. The authors have reported their initial experience with SP-LLIF with RA-PPS placement in the lateral position, and they have compared this accuracy with that of RA-PPS placement in the prone position.

METHODS
The authors reviewed prospectively collected data from their first 100 lateral-position RA-PPSs. The authors graded screw accuracy on CT and compared it to the accuracy of all prone-position RA-PPS procedures during the same time period. The authors analyzed the effect of several demographic and perioperative metrics, as a whole and specifically for lateral-position RA-PPS placement.

RESULTS
The authors placed 99 lateral-position RA-PPSs by using the ExcelsiusGPS robotic platform in the first 18 consecutive patients who underwent SP-LLIF with postoperative CT imaging; these patients were compared with 346 prone-position RA-PPSs that were placed in the first consecutive 64 patients during the same time period. All screws were placed at L1 to S1. Overall, the lateral group had 14 breaches (14.1%) and the prone group had 25 breaches (7.2%) (p = 0.032). The lateral group had 5 breaches (5.1%) greater than 2 mm (grade C or worse), and the prone group had 4 (1.2%) (p = 0.015). The operative level had an effect on the breach rate, with breach rates (grade C or worse) of 7.1% at L3 and 2.8% at L4. Most breaches were grade B (< 2 mm) and lateral, and no breach had clinical sequelae or required revision. Within the lateral group, multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that BMI and number of levels affected accuracy, but the side that was positioned up or down did not.

CONCLUSIONS
RA-PPSs can improve the feasibility of SP-LLIF. Spine surgeons should be cautious and selective with this technique owing to decreased accuracy in the lateral position, particularly in obese patients. Further studies should compare SP-LLIF techniques performed while the patient is in the prone and lateral positions.
DESAIN BAHAN AJAR UNTUK PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA ARABMADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH
Authors: Husnan Husnan 
Published: February 2022

Abstrak: Merancang bahan ajar agar mudah dipahami oleh para siswa adalah bagian tidak terpisahkan dari tugas seorang guru. Untuk itu guru harus memperkaya diri dengan berbagai pengetahuan agar mereka mampu mendesain bahan ajar yang dapat digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran. Guru harus memiliki berbagai pertimbangan dan pendekatan ketika merancang bahan ajar. Pendekatan yang harus dipegang oleh seorang guru ketika merancanga bahan ajar adalah pendekatan ilmu dan teknologi, pendekatan social budaya dan pendekatan psikologi. Selain itu patut menjadi pertimbangan bahwa syarat mutlak agar proses pembelajaran dapat berjalan dengan baik maka setiap komponen pembelajaran mulai dari guru, siswa, materi, metode dan evaluasi harus memiliki memiliki porsi yang seimbang sehingga komonikasi dialogis akan terus terjadi demi menciptakan suasana kelas yang terus hidup. Abstract: Designing the teaching materials to be easily understood by the students is an integral part of a teacher's assignment. Therefore, teachers must enrich themselves with a variety of knowledge so that they can design teaching materials that are usable in the learning process. Teachers should have various considerations and approaches when designing teaching materials. The approach that a teacher must hold when the teaching material is an approach to science and technology, a social culture approach and a psychological approach. In addition it should be considered that the absolute requirement for the learning process to run properly then every component of learning ranging from teachers, students, materials, methods and evaluation should have a balanced portion so that the comsonity Dialogical will continue to create an atmosphere of a living class.
PENGARUH ORANG TUA SEBAGAI BURUH MIGRAN TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Muhammad Musfiatul Wardi Muhammad Musfiatul Wardi 
Published: February 2022

Abstrak: Keluarga adalah wadah pertama dan utama bagi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan siswa. Dilingkungan keluarga, orang tua bertanggungjawab untuk membina anak-anaknya dan sebagai penentu keberhasilan khususnya dalam pendidikan. Kendala ekonomi mengharuskan orang tua meninggalkan anak-anaknya pergi merantau, sehingga anak-anak dititip pada sanak keluarga, ataupun di sekolah sehingga, berpengaruh pada pendidikan. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Prestasi Belajar Siswa Anak Buruh Migran Di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Ma’arif Riyadul Falah Aik Perapa Aikmel Tahun Pelajaran 2017/2018 yang berjumlah 18 peserta didik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis deskriptif yang menggambarkan secara jelas dan sistemati. Penelitian ini menggunakan rumus korelasi product moment, menunjukkan bahwa, dari perhitungan nilai koefisien penentu (determinan) pengaruh pekerjaan orang tua sebagai buruh migran terhadap prestasi siswa 13% dan sisanya 87% ditentukan oleh variabel lain, Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan analisis data ternyata nilai “rxy” adalah 0,746 yang berarti ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara pekerjaan orang tua dengan prestasi belajar siswa. Jika dilihat dari tabel koefisien korelasi rhitung0,468. Dengan demikian hipotesis alternatif (Ha) yang dinyatakan bahwa :“terdapat Pengaruh yang signifikan Pekerjaan orang tua sebagai buruh migran di MI Aikperapa Aikmel Kabupaten Lombok Timur Tahun Pelajaran 2017/2018” dinyatakan diterima. Abstract: Families are the first and foremost container for student growth and development. In the family, parents are responsible for fostering their children and as a defining success especially in education. Economic constraints require that parents leave their children to wander, so that children are being taken into relatives, or in schools so that they are influential in education. This research is a type of quantitative study. This study aims to determine the effect of learning achievement for migrant workers child students in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah ma'arif Riyadul Falah Aik Perapa Aikmel Year lesson 2017/2018, amounting to 18 students. The research uses a quantitative approach with a descriptive type that depicts clarity and systemati. This study used the correlation formula of product moment, indicating that, from the calculation of the value of the coefficient of the determination (determinant) influence of the work of parents as migrant workers against the achievement of 13% students and the remaining 87% 0.746 is determined by another variable, based on the results of data analysis calculation turns out the value "rxy If viewed from the table coefficient correlation rhitung0,468. Thus the alternative hypothesis (Ha) stated that: "There is a significant influence of the work of the elderly as migrant workers at MI Aikperapa Aikmel East Lombok District Lesson 2017/2018" was declared acceptable.
PENERAPAN METODE TSAQIFA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN AL QURAN DI RUMAH TAHSIN DESA GEGUTU KACANG KECAMATAN REMBIGA
Authors: Saprun, Mappanyompa Saprun, Mappanyompa 
Published: February 2022

Abstrak: Metode tsaqifa memiliki keistimewaan dari metode yang lain, yaitu menjadikan peserta didik lebih mandiri, lebih aktif dan tidak membosankan didalam proses pembelajaran, artinya peserta didik menjadi lebih aktif didalam proses pembelajaran karena metode yang diberikan didalam buku ini menggunakan pola latihan-latihan kemandirian dan berkesinambungan. Penelitian yang penulis lakukan adalah penelitian lapangan (field research) yang pengumpulan datanya dilakukan secara langsung dari lokasi penelitian. Data-data penelitian ini diperoleh langsung dari rumah tahsin gegutu kacang kecamatan rembige dengan menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Data-data yang dikumpulkan dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik analisis interaktif Model Miles dan Huberman yang meliputi reduksi data, menyajikan data, hingga memverifikasi dan menyimpulkan data, selain itu juga peneliti menggunakan tindakan kelas (classroom Action Research). Hasil yang diharapakan dalam penelitian ini peneliti menemukan hasil yang bermanfaat untuk kepentingan lembaga rumah tahsin, peneliti berharap (1) Para peserta didik memiliki kemampuan membaca al-Qur’an dengan setandar bacaan yang baik dan benar berdasarkan aturan-aturan didalam membaca al-Quran. (2) Tercapainya target yang diharapkan yaitu mampu membaca sesuai dengan kaidah tajwid. (3) Menjadi tambaha refrensi dalam belajar mengajar al-Qur’an.Abstract: Tsaqifa method has the privilege of other methods, namely making learners more independent, more active and not boring in the learning process, meaning that learners become more active in the learning process because the methods given in this book use the pattern of self-reliance and continuous exercises. The research that the author did was field research which collected data directly from the research location. The research data was obtained directly from the house of tahsin gegutu kacang rembige sub-district using observations, interviews, and documentation. The data collected were analyzed using interactive analysis techniques of Model Miles and Huberman that include data reduction, presenting data, to verify and infer data, in addition to researchers using classroom action research. The results expected in this study researchers found useful results for the benefit of the institution of tahsin house, researchers hope (1) The learners have the ability to read the Qur'an with a setandar good and correct reading based on the rules in reading the Quran. (2) Achieving the expected target of being able to read in accordance with tajwid rules. (3) To be added to the refrensi in learning to teach the Qur'an.
International Short Course in Pictures: Utilizing Photovoice to Promote an Indonesian Student's Intercultural Awareness
Authors: Hidayati Arini Nurul , Yunita Widia , Abdullah Fuad 
Published: February 2022

Capturing moments through photos has now become a common phenomenon in various circles, including academics. It aims to perpetuate every historical value in the life of an individual. In this article, the authors attempt to explore how an Indonesian student experienced her inaugural intercultural journey during a two-month short course program in Ireland, a pathway program to prepare prospective Ph.D students with academic and social skills, through photographs that she took amid the program. This perspective of intercultural travel is embedded in the personal and cultural identities of the participant. This article uses photovoice analysis to exemplify how the participant negotiated her natural identities, institutions, discourses, and affinities during intercultural interaction. The data used in this study are photographs taken by the participant and her voices on those photos guided by the SHOWeD model. The authors employed Pierce’s semiotic approach to scrutinize the symbols, icons, and indexes contained in the Photovoice. The results of the analysis indicate that the participant experienced a plethora of moments that aroused her intercultural awareness, starting from managing the initial self-conflicts, adjusting in the fast-paced academic culture by interacting with cultural actors, and responding positively to all stimuli that came during intercultural interactions. Needless to say, challenges are also present as self-development reinforcement. However, this constraint was considered as a self-defense mechanism and an attempt to respect the self, not as a failure of intercultural interaction. In conclusion, the student is currently no longer a cultural observer and imitator, but rather a cultural actor.
Evaluation of vaspin and irisin hormones levels in diabetic rats and relationship with diet
Authors: Tuğgüm Sergen , Bozkır Çiğdem , Aslan Serkan , Yılmaz Ahsen , Çelikkol Aliye 
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: Type-2 diabetes with an increasing prevalence is a public health problem. Irisin and vaspin, which are secreted a majority from adipose tissue, are discovered hormones recently, and their effects on diabetes are studied. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to the effects of diet on these hormones levels in diabetic rats. METHODS: In this study, ten-week-old 18 Wistar-Albino rats were divided into three groups randomly. The diabetic group ( n = 6) was fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Other rats were divided into two control groups, one of them ( n = 6) was fed a control diet (CD), and the other group ( n = 6) was fed HFD. The feeding time for all groups was 4 weeks. Streptozotocin (STZ) was used for diabetes induction in rats. RESULTS: At the end of the four weeks, the body weight of the diabetic group decreased significantly. In the diabetic group compared to the control groups, it was observed that besides high fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglyceride, total cholesterol levels, and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) scores. Vaspin levels were significantly higher in diabetic rats, while irisin levels were similar between groups. Besides, vaspin level correlation with biochemical parameters such as glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and HOMA-IR score was significant. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, this study showed that besides the evidence that vaspine is a hormone associated with diabetes, diet composition could give an opinion about the type-2 diabetes process by looking at hormone levels.
Minangkabau’s Adat Law Reflected In Abdulkarim Khiratullah’s Novel Mencari Cinta Yang Hilang
Authors: Zakia Putri 
Published: February 2022

Minangkabau’s Adat law has developed for centuries. In its development, Minangkabau’s Adat law has given significant contributions to the dynamics and the continuity of Minangkabau’s society. Minangkabau’s society is matrilineal; it is not patriarchal in which the chief of a clan is always a man. In matrilineal, the women of the clan will be the chief and they can sack men if they do not do a good job. This paper studies first, what the types of Minangkabau’s Adat laws are reflected in the novel; second, how the implementations of Minangkabau’s Adat laws are in the novel. This study focuses on the analysis of Minangkabau’s Adat law reflected in Abdulkarim Khiratullah’s novel Mencari Cinta yang Hilang. As the research design is very crucial to conducting a research, this study applied descriptive qualitative research as its research design. It is important to carry out this research because it has fascinated many researchers due to the co-existence of contradictory elements with Islamic regulation like matrilineal family structure, marriage system and inheritance regulations.
Studi Tentang Pengaruh Temperatur Sambungan Terhadap Intensitas Cahaya Pada Lampu LED Serial NL500
Authors: Simatupang Joni Welman , Santoso Fajar Heru 
Published: February 2022

<p>Kebutuhan pencahayaan di tambang batubara adalah vital untuk proses produksi. Adanya masalah sejumlah lampu Led yang mati di area tambang merupakan tantangan bagi PT Nobi Putra Angkasa untuk melakukan inovasi unit lampu LED berdaya besar. Penulis adalah praktisi sebagai kepala bagian produksi di perusahaan itu yang merupakan manufaktur lokal yang mengembangkan inovasi dari Lampu PJU ke lampu tambang dengan standar SNI yang sudah menembus pasar di perusahaan tambang besar. Setelah dilakukan pemeriksaan secara visual pada lampu LED yang mengalami kerusakan adanya indikasi kelebihan panas. Pengujian berbagai tipe lampu LED untuk mengetahui pengaruh kenaikan temperatur sambungan (<em>junction temperature</em>) terhadap penurunan intensitas cahaya. Pengujian dilakukan dengan menggunakan 4 sampel lampu NL500A, NL500B, NL500C, NL500D. Untuk waktu pengujian dilakukan per 15 menit sampai menemukan data yang stabil pada menit ke 180 .Hasilnya pengujian pada lampu adalah temperatur sambungan NL500A = 80.76°C., NL500B = 90.98°C., NL500C = 71.32°C., NL500D = 75.31°C. dari hasil tersebut bahwa memenuhi standar <em>datasheet</em> pabrikan <em>LED</em> maksimum 150°C. Metoda kesimpulan ini adalah korelasi panas yang ditimbulkan dan panas yang dibuang melalui sirip. Lampu LED NL500 A, C dan D adalah manufaktur internal perusahaan menggunakan mesin <em>SMT, </em>sedangkan NL 500B produk import. Lampu NL 500D menggunakan LED Nichia 149 dengan efikasi 133,64 Lumen/ watt dari hasil uji Fotometri metoda IES 79-08. Pengukuran <em>junction temperature</em> (Tj) NL500C paling baik untuk transfer panasnya sehingga nilai Tj nya paling kecil dengan nilai rata-rata 58,52°C karena <em>resistance thermal</em> = 0.9 °C/Watt. Lampu LED NL500D unggul di intensitas cahaya dengan nilai rata-rata 3794,16 lux.</p>
Estilos de enseñanza en la educación física por subniveles de educación bajo la modalidad virtual
Authors: Sánchez Cañizares Christian Mauricio , Gavilanes López Erick Gonzalo , Loaiza Dávila Lenin Esteban , Castro Acosta Washington Ernesto 
Published: February 2022

Introducción: La pandemia del COVID-19 cambió la manera en cómo se desarrollaba la educación, razón por la cual obligó a implementar la modalidad virtual de enseñanza de las ciencias, sin dejar de ser una excepción la Educación Física en donde los docentes se vieron en la necesidad de implementar diferentes estilos de enseñanza que permitieron desarrollar la nueva modalidad aplicada tomando en cuenta el subnivel de educación y otros factores. Objetivo: Determinar la aplicación de los estilos de enseñanza más utilizados en la Educación Física bajo la modalidad de educación virtual y su relación con el subnivel de educación impartido. Metodología: estudio propuesto con un enfoque de carácter cuantitativo, de tipo no experimental de alcance correlacional con un corte transversal. La muestra de estudio estuvo representada por 115 docentes de diferentes unidades educativas de la provincia de Tungurahua – ecuador. Como instrumento se aplicó el cuestionario DEMEVI validado estadísticamente y por criterio de expertos. Resultados. Se pudo determinar que los estilos más utilizados por parte de los docentes fueron el creativo y el tradicional con los cuales se imparten los conocimientos a los estudiantes y que existe una relación directa entre en subnivel de educación y la preferencia de estilo de enseñanza en un nivel estadístico de P < 0.05. Conclusión. Los estilos de aprendizaje con mayor preferencia en su aplicación por parte de los docentes fueron el estilo creativo y tradicional tomando en cuenta el subnivel de educación impartido, por lo que se puede deducir que se realiza una hibridación de estilos de enseñanza ya que estos se asemejan según los resultados obtenidos.
Clasificación de rutas turísticas por medio de deep learning
Authors: Gómez Alvarado Héctor Fernando , Mayorga Ases María José , Mayorga Ases Leticia Abigail , Malo Martínez Silvia Elena 
Published: February 2022

Introducción. Actualmente el deep learning o aprendizaje profundo tiene aplicaciones de todo tipo, el turismo no es la excepción, la minería de datos ha permitido optimizar procesos dentro de la industria del turismo como la demanda turística, conocer la preferencia de rutas turísticas de las personas permite optimizar recursos y plantear mejoras dentro de este sector. Objetivo. Determinar si se pueden clasificar rutas turísticas por medio de herramientas del deep learning o aprendizaje profundo. Metodología. El diseño de investigación fue cualitativo, se empleó técnicas como la entrevista, para ello se plantean dos hipótesis, la primera tiene que ver con la relación entre el tipo de clima del destino turístico y la preferencia de los turistas, la segunda hipótesis es la verificación de la conformación de clusters turísticos en base a la preferencia de las personas. Como herramientas de verificación se empleó la comprobación directa y el programa Weka con la opción de clusters SimpleKMeans que permite la identificación de las preferencias de los turistas en base a la minería de datos de 31 personas. Resultados. Los resultados indican que la mayor cantidad de personas entrevistadas prefieren destinos turísticos en climas calurosos, sin embargo, este no fue un parámetro determinante en la conformación de clusters. Conclusión. En el estudio se determinó que sí se puede formar clusters de clasificación de rutas turísticas en base a las preferencias de las personas.