bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nudity in Digital Performance: Reappraising the Early Online Works of Annie Sprinkle and Frank Moore
Authors: Sant Toni 
Published: June 2022

Les premières œuvres numériques de, respectivement, Annie Sprinkle et Frank Moore sont fortement inspirées de leur propre pratique au plateau du point de vue à la fois de la méthode et du contenu : les deux artistes américains conservent la même approche de l’érotisme. Tout au long des années 1990, Sprinkle et Moore ont brouillé les frontières entre l’art et l’érotisme pour faire évoluer leurs performances en incorporant le net comme élément majeur. Leur travail s’inspire de concepts diffusés dans le monde de l’art à travers ce que l’on nomme les « cahiers d’artistes », qui sont apparus près d’un siècle avant l’essor de la technologie numérique.
Risques climatiques et sécurité alimentaire et nutritionnelle au Niger : cartographie des impacts et des besoins de résilience
Authors: Moussa Bouda Maja Chardi , Mohamadou Torou bio , Halima Oumarou diadie , Abdourahamane Balla 
Published: June 2022

Depuis les grandes sécheresses des années 70 et aujourd’hui encore, les risques climatiques sont le défi majeur auquel font face les principales activités agricoles et pastorales au Sahel et particulièrement au Niger. Cet article fait la cartographie des impacts des menaces climatiques sur la sécurité alimentaire dans trois régions du Niger et propose des solutions de résilience. L’approche d’analyse de la vulnérabilité décrivant les relations de cause à effet entre les changements climatiques et leurs impacts sur les populations, les secteurs de l’économie et les systèmes socio-écologiques, associée à la notion des chaînes d’impacts inspirée du modèle ClimProspect, est utilisée pour caractériser l’exposition, la sensibilité et les impacts potentiels. L’analyse montre que la sécheresse constitue le principal risque qui affecte les productions agrosylvopastorales à travers des baisses de productions vivrières, du nombre d’animaux et de leur productivité, des revenus agricoles, de la disparition de certaines espèces d’arbres de valeur, avec pour conséquence l’insécurité alimentaire, voire des crises alimentaires et nutritionnelles, et la pauvreté qui s’enracine. Les facteurs qui expliquent la vulnérabilité des ménages ruraux aux crises alimentaires sont : la dégradation et l’insuffisance des terres, la pauvreté, le dysfonctionnement des mécanismes et dispositifs de prévention et de gestion des crises, et surtout le caractère pluvial et rudimentaire des activités agropastorales. Ils sont regroupés en quatre groupes - V1, V2, V3 et V4 - servant de référentiels ou d’outils d’aide à la décision pour des réponses efficientes et performantes, établies sous forme de classes de besoins de résilience aux risques climatiques.
Des céréales locales pour la transition climatique et alimentaire. Pratiques paysannes et pratiques féminines sur les sorghos et les mils du Sahel sénégalais au Deccan indien.
Authors: Clavel Danièle , Guétat-Bernard Hélène , Verger Éric 
Published: June 2022

Les politiques agricoles visant à développer des cultures en tenant compte de la biodiversité locale demeurent marginales. Pour définir ce qu’il convient de considérer dans le retour à des « céréales locales » en réponse aux changements climatiques, nous avons mis en perspective des résultats de deux projets interdisciplinaires conduits dans des zones sèches du du Sénégal et de l’Inde. Le premier, situé dans le Sahel sénégalais, « Relier la diversité agricole à la qualité de l’alimentation par l’analyse sociale des pratiques féminines et de l’alimentation » (DIVA), visait à analyser les impacts de l’intensification rizicole sur la biodiversité agricole et alimentaire et le second, situé dans la zone sèche du Deccan (Sud de l’Inde), « Accompagner l'adaptation de l'agriculture irriguée au changement climatique » (ATCHA), a étudié les adaptations de l'agriculture irriguée face aux changements climatiques, 30 ans après la révolution verte (RV). L’analyse transversale a été réalisée au prisme du couple de céréales riz irrigué et sorgho pluvial en mettant l’accent sur les activités féminines liées à ces cultures. Cette analyse a fait émergé les liens forts entre les conséquences agro-environnementales des changements agricoles analysés, leurs traductions alimentaires et les pertes culturelles qui en découlent : l’intensification du riz dans la vallée du fleuve Sénégal et celles de la RV en Inde font non seulement décliner la biodiversité agricole des céréales locales, mais endommagent les capacités d’adaptation et la qualité nutritionnelle des repas et la qualité de vie. L’éclairage sur les activités féminines permet aussi de mettre en évidence leurs propres difficultés pour maintenir une certaine diversité agricole et alimentaire. Or ces systèmes basés sur les céréales « résistent » en termes de variétés locales et de savoirs associés comme le montre le retour du « système des millets », les mils et sorghos indiens marginalisés par la RV, promus dans certains États de l’Inde sous l’impulsion de mouvements sociopolitiques face aux changements climatiques.
Variabilité climatique au Tchad : Perception et stratégie d’adaptation paysanne à Kélo (Tchad)
Authors: Mfewou Abdoulay , Nfor Julius Tata , Nadji Paul 
Published: June 2022

Au Sud du Tchad, l’analyse de la variabilité climatique, de 1983 à 2012, montre que les totaux pluviométriques annuels sont de 606,9 millimètres et la température moyenne annuelle est de 28,9°C, avec des séquences d’inondations et de sécheresses récurrentes. Cette situation a un impact considérable sur les territoires qui enregistrent de fortes évolutions rapides, plongeant les populations rurales dans la misère et l’insécurité alimentaire chronique. Abordant la problématique de la gestion des risques climatiques pour la société paysanne, les décideurs politiques interviennent faiblement pour soutenir les mécanismes d’adaptation locale. À travers la perception empirique, les paysans adoptent la stratégie de reboisement dans les bas-fonds en incluant un petit arbre épineux du nom de Balanites aegyptiaca, qui peut faire cent ans et qui peut survivre deux ans sans pluie. La présente étude a été menée à Kélo (59 560 habitants) au sud du Tchad. Elle analyse les perceptions et les stratégies d’adaptation paysannes face à la variabilité climatique. Les données relatives aux savoir-faire des paysans ont été recueillies, pendant cinq (5) mois, à travers des enquêtes auprès de 140 chefs des ménages choisis aléatoirement dans cette zone. Il ressort de nos résultats que les paysans (80%) détiennent d’importantes connaissances empiriques sur le calendrier agricole et les connaissances des variétés d’arbres adaptés au sahel, tels que Balanites aegyptiaca, Faidherbia albida, Acacia raddiana ou Phoenix dactylifera qui résistent mieux à la variabilité climatique. dont le pouvoir public incite la population de multiplier les plants en pépinière et redistribuer aux paysans pour un reboisement dans l’espace pour lutter contre l’avancée du désert. Les paysans ont aussi montré que la résilience découle des connaissances empiriques par la consultation des sages. Ils perçoivent une baisse des pluies (75 %), une hausse des températures (95 %) et des vents violents (96,7 %). De ce fait, le paysan pratique une forte adaptation du système de culture par repiquage de sorgho et de riz. Il utilise aussi des variétés locales (maïs, mil, sorgho, riz) à cycle court et à faible rendement agricole. Comme autre stratégie d’adaptation le paysan construit des retenues d’eau pour faire les arrosages manuels et réguliers en cas de besoin. Les politiques et chercheurs doivent donc fortement intervenir pour orienter et encadrer les paysans dans l’accompagnement de la stratégie paysanne de résilience aux aléas climatiques.
Evaluation of the microbiological and chemical aspects of autochthonous wild snails in Sardinia
Authors: Coroneo Valentina , Marras Luisa , Giaccone Valerio , Conficoni Daniele , Brignardello Silvana Anna Stefania , Bissacco Elisa , Trapella Claudio , Alogna Andrea , Gentili Valentina , Parisi Antonio , Loi Federica , Cappai Stefano , Pisanu Margherita , Cogoni Maria Paola 
Published: June 2022

This study was conducted to acquire knowledge on the epidemiology and ecology of some zoonotic agents in snails. Chemical and microbiological analysis was carried out on 46 samples of snails belonging to the species of Helix aspersa and Helix (Eobania) vermiculata. The association between heavy metals and wild snails, a native consumer product in the Region of Sardinia, was determined. The molecular characterisation of Listeria monocytogenes virulence genes has shown a genetic profile that deserves more attention for the improvement of surveillance and risk prevention. Specimens of H. vermiculata showed higher concentrations of cadmium (M=0.80±0.56 mg/kg) than H. aspersa (M=0.61±0.17 mg /kg). A further objective was to determine whether the samples showed significant differences from the point of view of secretion characterisation, in terms of protein content, and to identify species-specific correlations and possible relationships with the environment. The presence of Salmonella enterica sub.sp houtenae (6,14: z4, z23) and Salmonella enterica subsp diarizonae (47: k: e, n, z15) (1 sample), Listeria monoSnails,cytogenes (2 samples) with Molecular characterization of virulence genes together with the measurement of heavy metals in samples of wild snails has shown a health and hygiene profile that would deserve greater attention for the improvement of the surveillance and prevention of microbiological and chemical risk in such products which currently show a tendency towards increase in consumption.
Comparison of Oral versus Intramuscular Clonidine for the Prolongation of Bupivacaine Spinal Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Lower Abdominal and Lower Limb Surgeries
Authors: Singh Raj Bahadur , Shekhar Saurav , De Ranjeet Rana , Singh Siddharth , Singh Ritu , Singh Akrity 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Spinal subarachnoid block (SAB) is the first choice anesthesia in lower abdominal and lower limb surgeries. It produces a varying degree of sensory analgesia, motor blockade, and sympathetic blockade depending on the dose, concentration, and volume of the local anesthetic given. This study was undertaken to assess the degree of sensory and motor block with 150 μg of oral versus intramuscular clonidine as an adjuvant to bupivacaine for spinal anesthesia.

Aims and Objective:
To compare the efficacy of oral versus intramuscular clonidine as an adjuvant to bupivacaine for the prolongation of sensory and motor block in patients undergoing lower abdominal and lower limb surgeries under SAB.

Materials and Methods:
After institutional ethical clearance, 90 patients were randomized into three groups scheduled for lower abdominal and lower limb surgeries under spinal anesthesia. • Group O: Bupivacaine 0.5% (heavy) 3.0 mL and oral clonidine 150 μg 1 h before spinal anesthesia. • Group I: Bupivacaine 0.5% (heavy) 3.0 mL and intramuscular clonidine 150 μg 1 h before spinal anesthesia. • Group C: Control group – 3 mL bupivacaine 0.5% (heavy) alone.

Result:
The onset of sensory block in Group O was 4.9 ± 0.52 min, whereas in Group I, it was 4.6 ± 0.42 min than Group C (5.1 ± 0.60). Onset of motor block was also significantly lower in Group O and Group I (3.9 ± 0.53 and 3.7 ± 0.42 min) than in Group C (4.4 ± 0.6 min) which was a control group. There was also a significant difference in the duration of the sensory block between Group O (206.4 ± 9.2 min), Group I (219 ± 8.6 min), and Group C (184.3 ± 9.1 min). The duration of motor block was significantly higher in Group O (183.6 ± 8.2 min) and Group I (197.8 ± 9.6 min) when compared to Group C (162.8 ± 8.9 min). The timing of rescue analgesia in Group O was 222.4 ± 11.7 min, whereas in Group I, it was 243.46 ± 10.9.

Conclusion:
On the basis of finding of our study, we conclude that the use of clonidine as a premedication at a dose of 150 μg significantly increased the duration of sensory block, motor block, and duration of analgesia and shortened the time of onset of sensory and motor blockade.
The Seroconversion Rate of QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube Test in Psoriatic Patients Receiving Anti-Interleukin-23 Monoclonal Antibodies
Authors: Huang Yi-Wei , Tsai Tsen-Fang 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Biologic therapies have become the gold standard for the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. However, concerns for opportunistic infections exist, especially for tuberculosis (TB) in endemic areas. Previously, tumor necrosis factor inhibitors were reported to carry higher risks of latent TB infection (LTBI) reactivation or new active TB, followed by anti-interleukin (IL)-12/23 and IL-17 agents in Taiwan.

Objectives:
The objective of the study is to provide real-world clinical rate of seroconversion of serial QuantiFERON-TB gold in-tube (QFT-GIT) tests, for detection of LTBI and newly-acquired TB, in psoriasis patients while receiving IL-23 inhibitors in an intermediate TB burden country.

Methods:
The local risk management plan required regular monitoring of TB while receiving biologics for psoriasis. This retrospective cohort evaluated consecutive psoriasis patients who received guselkumab or risankizumab between 2015 and 2021 in a tertiary referral center in Taiwan.

Results:
A total of 144 patients were included, with negative baseline QFT-GIT in 88% and positive in 13%. After receiving at least 6 months of anti-IL-23 drugs, persistently seropositive was found in 15 patients (10%), persistently seronegative in 125 patients (87%), seroconversion in 1 patient (0.6%), and seroreversion in 3 patients (1.9%). The seroconversion rate was 1% (1/127) in individuals under anti-IL-23 medications for at least 12 months. No case of LTBI reactivation was identified.

Conclusion:
In psoriasis patients under anti-IL-23 therapy, serial interferon-gamma release assays demonstrated a low seroconversion rate (<1%). Anti-IL-23 agents may be a favorable choice for psoriasis patients with a higher risk of TB infection and LTBI reactivation or those who reside in endemic regions.
Comparative Efficacy of Laser Disinfection Versus Chemical Disinfection in Primary Root Canal – An In vitro Antimicrobial Study
Authors: Khandare Nikhil , Bondarde Prashant , Patil Sudha , Mujawar Shoeb , Vishwakarma Aruna 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Conventional chemical root canal disinfection has been around for generations but it has its own drawbacks. Because of this there is a need for a better alternative for intracanal disinfection method. This alternative can be in the form of lasers, especially due to recent advances in laser technology.

Methodology:
The aim of the study is to compare chemical vs laser disinfection in primary root canal. This method has been tested in permanent teeth but not in primary teeth, this study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of laser disinfection compared to chemical disinfection.

Results:
The use of chemical disinfection by 5 ml of 5.25% NaOCl led to 96.7% microbial reduction against diode laser which achieved 97.7% reduction as compared to baseline microbial count and 34.4% reduction after irrigation using normal saline solution.

Conclusion:
Diode laser has similar root canal disinfection efficacy as compared to 5.25% NaOCl in primary canals. Diode lasers can be used as an alternative to chemical disinfection.
COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Vashishtha Chitranshu , Bhardwaj Ankit , Sharma Manoj Kumar 
Published: June 2022

Background:
In current COVID-19 pandemic, India had lockdown from 25th March 2020 followed by relaxation in phases from 1st June. The aim of the study was assessment of lockdown impact on metabolic and liver disease status of non-COVID patients of liver diseases.

Materials and Methods:
OPD data of all consecutive patients of liver disease without COVID-19 infection from 1st January 2020 to 31st December was analyzed. The primary objective was to assess lockdown impact on liver stiffness. Fibroscan, BMI and laboratory data was compared before and after implementation of lockdown in three groups (Group1-noncirrhotics, Group2- compensated cirrhotics, Group3- decompensated cirrhotics).

Results:
230 patients (77% M) were analyzed. In all the three groups, there was no significant change in the liver stiffness and fat content by fibroscan, complete blood count, liver and kidney function tests. In Group1, there was significant increase in BMI (25.3 ± 6.0 vs 26.4 ± 6.1, P < 0.01), sugar (mg/dl) fasting (101.5 ± 30.1 vs110.7 ± 31.8, P < 0.01), post prandial (131 ± 31.6 vs 156.5 ± 35.5, P < 0.01), LDL (mg/dl) (111.1 ± 33.1 vs 119.1 ± 26.8, P = 0.036), total lipid/HDL ratio (4.04 ± 1.39 vs 4.58 ± 1.58, P = 0.01) and reduction in HDL (mg/dl) (45.8 ± 12.7 vs 40.4 ± 10.1, P < 0.01). In Group2, significant increase in LDL (97.3 ± 32.5 vs 114.3 ± 29.8, P = 0.01), LDL/HDL ratio (2.36 ± 1.26 vs 2.70 ± 1.03, P = 0.04) and decrease in HDL (45.6 ± 12.1 vs 40.9 ± 11.2, P < 0.01) was seen, with no significant change in BMI, and sugar fasting, post prandial, HbA1c. In Group3, there was no significant change in any of the parameters analysed.

Conclusions:
There was no impact of lockdown due to Covid pandemic on liver disease status. However, lockdown worsened metabolic parameters of non-cirrhotics and compensated cirrhotics.
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Combined Ivermectin and Zinc Sulfate versus Combined Hydroxychloroquine, Darunavir/Ritonavir, and Zinc Sulfate among Adult Patients with Asymptomatic or Mild Coronavirus-19 Infection
Authors: Nimitvilai Sireethorn , Suputtamongkol Yupin , Poolvivatchaikarn Ussanee , Rassamekulthana Dechatorn , Rongkiettechakorn Nuttawut , Mungaomklang Anek , Assanasaen Susan , Wongsawat Ekkarat , Boonarkart Chompunuch , Sawaengdee Waritta 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:
Ivermectin, hydroxychloroquine (HQ), and darunavir/ritonavir are widely prescribed as an oral treatment for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection despite their uncertainty of clinical benefit. The objective is to determine the safety and the efficacies of two treatment regimens against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Methods:
We conducted an open-labeled, randomized, controlled trial to compare the efficacy between a 3-day course of once-daily high-dose oral ivermectin plus zinc sulfate (Group A) and a combination of HQ, darunavir/ritonavir, and zinc sulfate (HQ + antiretroviral, Group B) for 5 days in asymptomatic or mild SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study period was between December 2020 and April 2021.

Results:
Overall, 113 patients were randomized and analyzed (57 patients in Group A and 56 patients in Group B). The median duration to achieve the virological outcome of either undetected or cycle threshold (Ct) for N gene of SARS-CoV-2 by real-time polymerase chain reaction was 6 days (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.3–6.7) versus 7 days (95% CI: 5.4–8.6) in Group A and Group B, respectively (P = 0.419) in the modified intention-to-treat population. All patients were discharged from hospital quarantine as planned. Two patients in Group A and one patient in Group B were considered clinically worsening and received 10 days of favipiravir treatment. There was no serious adverse event found in both groups.

Conclusion:
We demonstrated that both treatment regimens were safe, but both treatment regimens had no virological or clinical benefit. Based on this result and current data, there is no supporting evidence for the clinical benefit of ivermectin for coronavirus-19.
Study of Serum Cytokines (Interleukin-6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha) in Acute Leukemias
Authors: Saxena Divita , Dawson Leelavathi , Gera Rani 
Published: June 2022

Objectives:
The objectives of this study were to assess the cutoff levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) for predicting acute leukemia with special attention to their correlation with blast counts in leukemia subtypes of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia, and mixed phenotypic acute leukemia.

Methods:
This observational cross-sectional case–control study was done from September 2018 to March 2020. A total of 35 newly diagnosed patients of acute leukemia were taken as cases and compared with 140 healthy controls. Complete phenotyping and blood film analysis was done for the cases. The serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-alpha levels were assessed and compared among cases and controls. The levels of IL-6 and TNF-alpha were correlated with blast counts of subtypes of acute leukemia. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
Compared to controls, acute leukemia cases had significantly higher levels of IL-6 median interquartile range value (12.39 [8.056–136.894] vs. 8.27 [6.477–10.849]) and TNF-alpha (192.48 ± 633.01 vs. [20.63 ± 8.17]) with P < 0.05. TNF-alpha was found to be the better predictor of acute leukemias at cutoff of >24.906 with sensitivity of 71.43% as compared to IL-6 (Sn of 48.57%). Only TNF-alpha had a significant correlation with absolute blast count in ALL cases (r = 0.579, P = 0.0118).

Conclusion:
It can be concluded that an aberrant increased production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-alpha is shown in the acute leukemia patients as compared to the healthy controls. TNF-alpha is a better marker among both the cytokines for predicting acute leukemia with significant correlation with blast counts in ALL.
A Prospective Study of Outcome Predictors of Intramedullary Spinal Cord Tumors
Authors: Choudhary Ajay , Sharma Rajesh Kumar , Bhaskar Suryanarayanan , Bhardwaj Minakshi , Bano Shahina , Gupta Neetika 
Published: June 2022

Objectives:
The objective of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of intramedullary spinal cord tumor (IMSCT) and the predictive factors that affected the outcomes. We also assessed the change in the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of the patient's postsurgery during the follow-up period.

Methods:
This prospective study was done on 57 patients of IMSCT for a period of 3 years. Details regarding demography, clinical symptoms, histopathology grades/types, surgery performed, and the HRQOL (the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire 30) were noted. The outcome measures included mortality, neurological status (McCormick scale), and change in the HRQOL over a period of 6 months of follow-up. The data were entered in MS Excel and analyzed with P < 0.05 as significant.

Results:
Among the 57 patients, 42 (73.68%) had low-grade, 12 (21.05%) had high-grade, and 3 (5.26%) had unclassified metastatic tumors. Postoperatively, outcomes according to McCormick grade were same in 30 (52.63%) patients, worse in 15 (26.32%), and better in 12 (21.05%) patients. One patient died due to recurring seizures after metastasis. Histopathological type and surgical resection showed a significant association with McCormick grade (P < 0.05). The symptoms of paresthesia, motor weakness, and bladder/bowel involvement were significant risk factors for adverse outcomes with an odds ratio of 28.488, 6.077, and 4.035, respectively (P < 0.05). There was a significant improvement in the global quality of life of the patients after the surgery with significant improvement in emotional function, symptoms, and pain scores but a decrease in the physical functions (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
The outcomes of patients with IMSCT are significantly affected by histology type, preoperative functional grade, and presenting symptoms.