bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water resources availability in southern Europe at the basin scale in response to climate change scenarios
Authors: Zapata-Sierra Antonio Jesús , Zapata-Castillo Lourdes , Manzano-Agugliaro Francisco 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Climate and the hydrological cycle are closely linked; therefore, in the most likely scenarios of climate change, the increase in temperature may influence the expected variation in precipitation variation but will also have a major impact on the availability of water resources in the world in general and in southern Europe in particular. As a case study, it was applied to a western Mediterranean basin altered since antiquity. For this study, the medium and long-term water resources were assessed. The known method Soil Moisture Accounting (SMA) has been used. Mainly because due to its great hydrological relevance in mountainous areas, the accumulation and melting of snow. The aim of this research to assess the evolution of runoff distribution and its impact on available water resources under different climate change scenarios.

Results
It was observed clearly a decreasing of precipitation and evapotranspiration and otherwise an increasing of temperature. The major climatic effect is that at present, runoff is already much lower than that predicted in the different basin hydrological policy. Specifically for the studied basin, the available resources are expected to decrease by 50% with respect to the current ones, affecting mainly the current agricultural land uses, which should be reconsidered in the medium term.

Conclusions
It can be concluded that surface water use policy was calculated with climatic assumptions that are no longer met. Consequently, this research reveals the usefulness of basin-scale climate studies in southern Europe to determine the water resources availability in the near future.
Impact of telehealth interventions added to peritoneal dialysis-care: a systematic review
Authors: Biebuyck Geertje K. M. , Neradova Aegida , de Fijter Carola W. H. , Jakulj Lily 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Telehealth could potentially increase independency and autonomy of patients treated with peritoneal dialysis (PD). Moreover, it might improve clinical and economic outcomes. The demand for telehealth modalities accelerated significantly in the recent COVID-19 pandemic. We evaluated current literature on the impact of telehealth interventions added to PD-care on quality of life (QoL), clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness.

Methods
An electronic search was performed in Embase, PubMed and the Cochrane Library in order to find studies investigating associations between telehealth interventions and: i. QoL, including patient satisfaction; ii. Standardized Outcomes in Nephrology (SONG)-PD clinical outcomes: PD-related infections, mortality, cardiovascular disease and transfer to hemodialysis (HD); iii. Cost-effectiveness. Studies investigating hospitalizations and healthcare resource utilization were also included as secondary outcomes. Due to the heterogeneity of studies, a meta-analysis could not be performed.

Results
Sixteen reports (N = 10,373) were included. Studies varied in terms of: sample size; design; risk of bias, telehealth-intervention and duration; follow-up time; outcomes and assessment tools. Remote patient monitoring (RPM) was the most frequently studied intervention (11 reports; N = 4982). Telehealth interventions added to PD-care, and RPM in particular, might reduce transfer to HD, hospitalization rate and length, as well as the number of in-person visits. It may also improve patient satisfaction.

Conclusion
There is a need for adequately powered prospective studies to determine which telehealth-modalities might confer clinical and economic benefit to the PD-community.
Modelling kidney outcomes based on MELD eras - impact of MELD score in renal endpoints after liver transplantation
Authors: Lins Paulo Ricardo Gessolo , Narciso Roberto Camargo , Ferraz Leonardo Rolim , Pereira Virgilio Gonçalves , Ferraz-Neto Ben-Hur , De Almeida Marcio Dias , Dos Santos Bento Fortunato Cardoso , Dos Santos Oscar Fernando Pavão , Monte Júlio Cesar Martins , Júnior Marcelino Souza Durão , Batista Marcelo Costa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundAcute kidney injury is a common complication in solid organ transplants, notably liver transplantation. The MELD is a score validated to predict mortality of cirrhotic patients, which is also used for organ allocation, however the influence of this allocation criteria on AKI incidence and mortality after liver transplantation is still uncertain.MethodsThis is a retrospective single center study of a cohort of patients submitted to liver transplant in a tertiary Brazilian hospital: Jan/2002 to Dec/2013, divided in two groups, before and after MELD implementation (pre-MELD and post MELD). We evaluate the differences in AKI based on KDIGO stages and mortality rates between the two groups.ResultsEight hundred seventy-four patients were included, 408 in pre-MELD and 466 in the post MELD era. The proportion of patients that developed AKI was lower in the post MELD era (p0.04), although renal replacement therapy requirement was more frequent in this group (p < 0.01). Overall mortality rate at 28, 90 and 365 days was respectively 7%, 11% and 15%. The 1-year mortality rate was lower in the post MELD era (20% vs. 11%,p < 0.01). AKI incidence was 50% lower in the post MELD era even when adjusted for clinically relevant covariates (p < 0.01).ConclusionLiver transplants performed in the post MELD era had a lower incidence of AKI, although there were more cases requiring dialysis. 1-year mortality was lower in the post MELD era, suggesting that patient care was improved during this period.
Hyperphosphatemia and its relationship with blood pressure, vasoconstriction, and endothelial cell dysfunction in hypertensive hemodialysis patients
Authors: Jung Jinwoo , Jeon-Slaughter Haekyung , Nguyen Hang , Patel Jiten , Sambandam Kamalanathan K. , Shastri Shani , Van Buren Peter Noel 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Hyperphosphatemia occurs frequently in end-stage renal disease patients on hemodialysis and is associated with increased mortality. Hyperphosphatemia contributes to vascular calcification in these patients, but there is emerging evidence that it is also associated with endothelial cell dysfunction.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study in hypertensive hemodialysis patients. We obtained pre-hemodialysis measurements of total peripheral resistance index (TPRI, non-invasive cardiac output monitor) and plasma levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA). We ascertained the routine peridialytic blood pressure (BP) measurements from that treatment and the most recent pre-hemodialysis serum phosphate levels. We used generalized linear regression analyses to determine independent associations between serum phosphate with BP, TPRI, ET-1, and ADMA while controlling for demographic variables, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and interdialytic weight gain.

Results
There were 54 patients analyzed. Mean pre-HD supine and seated systolic and diastolic BP were 164 (27), 158 (21), 91.5 (17), and 86.1 (16) mmHg. Mean serum phosphate was 5.89 (1.8) mg/dL. There were significant correlations between phosphate with all pre-hemodialysis BP measurements (r = 0.3, p = .04; r = 0.4, p = .002; r = 0.5, p < .0001; and r = 0.5, p = .0003.) The correlations with phosphate and TPRI, ET-1, and ADMA were 0.3 (p = .01), 0.4 (p = .007), and 0.3 (p = .04). In our final linear regression analyses controlling for baseline characteristics, PTH, and interdialytic weight gain, independent associations between phosphate with pre-hemodialysis diastolic BP, TPRI, and ET-1 were retained (β = 4.33, p = .0002; log transformed β = 0.05, p = .005; reciprocal transformed β = -0.03, p = .047).

Conclusions
Serum phosphate concentration is independently associated with higher pre-HD BP, vasoconstriction, and markers of endothelial cell dysfunction. These findings demonstrate an additional negative impact of hyperphosphatemia on cardiovascular health beyond vascular calcification.

Trial registration
The study was part of a registered clinical trial, NCT01862497 (May 24, 2013).
Interaction between serum cotinine and body mass index on asthma in the children: a cross-sectional study
Authors: He Li , Xi Xiaojing 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study was to explore the interaction between serum cotinine (a marker of environmental tobacco smoke exposure) and body mass index (BMI) on asthma in children.

Methods
This cross-sectional study relied on representative samples of American children included in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 1999–2018. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were to evaluate the association between serum cotinine level, BMI z-score and asthma. Serum cotinine was dichotomized at 0.0436 ng/mL. Interactions were examined by the estimated joint effect of BMI and serum cotinine levels. We also performed interaction analyses in age and ethnicity subgroups.

Results
Among the 11,504 children aged 3 to 12 years included in the analysis, 15.86% (n = 1852) had childhood asthma, 15.68% (n = 1837) were overweight, and 17.31% (n = 2258) were obese. Compared to low serum cotinine, high serum cotinine was significantly associated with asthma [odds ratio (OR) = 1.190, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.004–1.410]. Overweight (OR = 1.275, 95%CI: 1.079–1.506) and obesity (OR = 1.636, 95%CI: 1.354–1.977) were significantly associated with asthma compared with normal weight. The adjusted attributable proportion of interaction = 0.206 (95%CI: 0.075–0.337) and the adjusted synergy index = 1.617 (95%CI: 1.126–2.098) indicated that there was a significant synergistic effect of serum cotinine levels and BMI on asthma. In males, females, non-Hispanic White and other Hispanic, there were synergistic interactions between serum cotinine levels and BMI on asthma.

Conclusion
A synergistic interaction between serum cotinine and overweight/obesity on childhood asthma was found. For children with asthma, both intensive weight interventions in overweight or obese children and intensive passive smoking interventions in children exposed to the environment may be important.
Mobile phone addiction and depression among Chinese medical students: the mediating role of sleep quality and the moderating role of peer relationships
Authors: Feng Ziyi , Diao Yucong , Ma Hongfei , Liu Minghui , Long Meijun , Zhao Shuang , Wu Hui , Wang Yang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe literature has shown that mobile phone addiction is an important risk factor for depression. However, the internal mechanisms of mobile phone addiction leading to depression are still not clear. This study examined the mediating role of sleep quality and moderating role of peer relationships in the association between mobile phone addiction and depression. A sample of 450 Chinese medical students were recruited to complete measures of mobile phone addiction, depression, sleep quality and peer relationships. In this study, SPSS 25.0 and macro PROCESS were used to conduct statistical analysis on the collected data. The results showed that sleep quality partially mediated the association between mobile phone addiction and depression. Moreover, the effect of sleep quality on depression was moderated by peer relationships. The present study can advance our understanding of how and when mobile phone addiction leads to depression. Limitations and implications of this study are discussed.
Reducing the burden of low back pain: results from a new microsimulation model
Authors: Kopec Jacek A. , Sayre Eric C. , Cibere Jolanda , Li Linda C. , Wong Hubert , Okhmatovskaia Anya , Esdaile John M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Low back pain (LBP) causes the highest morbidity burden globally. The purpose of the present study was to project and compare the impact of three strategies for reducing the population health burden of LBP: weight loss, ergonomic interventions, and an exercise program.

Methods
We have developed a microsimulation model of LBP in Canada using a new modeling platform called SimYouLate. The initial population was derived from Cycle 1 (2001) of the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS). We modeled an open population 20 years of age and older. Key variables included age, sex, education, body mass index (BMI), type of work, having back problems, pain level in persons with back problems, and exercise participation. The effects of interventions on the risk of LBP were obtained from the CCHS for the effect of BMI, the Global Burden of Disease Study for occupational risks, and a published meta-analysis for the effect of exercise. All interventions lasted from 2021 to 2040. The population health impact of the interventions was calculated as a difference in years lived with disability (YLDs) between the base-case scenario and each intervention scenario, and expressed as YLDs averted per intervention unit or a proportion (%) of total LBP-related YLDs.

Results
In the base-case scenario, LBP in 2020 was responsible for 424,900 YLDs in Canada and the amount increased to 460,312 YLDs in 2040. The effects of the interventions were as follows: 27,993 (95% CI 23,373, 32,614) YLDs averted over 20 years per 0.1 unit change in log-transformed BMI (9.5% change in BMI) among individuals who were overweight and those with obesity, 19,416 (16,275, 22,557) YLDs per 1% reduction in the proportion of workers exposed to occupational risks, and 26,058 (22,455, 29,661) YLDs averted per 1% increase in the proportion of eligible patients with back problems participating in an exercise program.

Conclusions
The study provides new data on the relationship between three types of interventions and the resultant reductions in LBP burden in Canada. According to our model, each of the interventions studied could potentially result in a substantial reduction in LBP-related disability.
Retrospective analysis of deformed complex vertebral osteotomy in children with severe thoracic post-tubercular angular kyphosis
Authors: Zhang Hong-Qi , Deng Ang , Guo Chao-Feng , Gao Qi-Le , Alonge Emmanuel 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Many surgical options have been described to manage post-tubercular kyphosis, but the standard approach for treating severe post-tubercular angular kyphosis in children has not been established yet. The present study was performed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of deformed complex vertebral osteotomy (DCVO) for the treatment of severe thoracic post-tubercular angular kyphosis (> 70°) in children.

Methods
Deformed complex vertebrae indicated that multiple deformed and fused vertebrae were usually involved with two or more vertebral bodies and the partial or total fusion of many segments' facet joints and intervertebral discs. Thus, DCVO indicated that a wider posterior wedge-shaped and three-column osteotomy was performed within deformed complex vertebrae to correct a more extensive range of angles. From 2010 to 2017, 15 children who suffered from severe thoracic post-tubercular angular kyphosis underwent DCVO. Deformed complex vertebrae involved two vertebral bodies in 9 patients and three vertebral bodies in 6 patients. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were assessed preoperatively and at the final follow up. This was a retrospective study analysing the outcome after grade 4/5 spinal osteotomies in deformed complex vertebrae.

Results
The mean duration of surgery was 239 ± 37.81 min. The average period of follow-up was 31.6 ± 6.98 months. The preoperative mean kyphosis of deformed complex vertebrae was 83.39° ± 9.04°; the mean thoracic kyphosis (TK) and lumbar lordosis (LL) were 81.09° ± 8.51° and 80.51° ± 7.64°, respectively; the mean sagittal vertical axis (SVA) was 3.83 cm ± 1.43 cm. The postoperative mean kyphosis of deformed complex vertebrae was reduced to 19.98° ± 2.47° (P < 0.001) with a mean kyphosis correction of 63.41°; at the final follow up, it was 18.4° ± 2.29° (P < 0.001) without obvious loss of correction. The postoperative mean TK, LL, and SVA were reduced to 24.05° ± 3.84°, 46.9° ± 3.53°, and 0.6 cm ± 0.34 cm, respectively (P < 0.001 for all); and there was no obvious loss of sagittal alignment and balance at the final follow up (p = 0.982, p = 0.604, p = 0.754). Complicated with neural dysfunction preoperatively, 5 Frankel's grade D cases showed complete neurological recovery at final follow up. VAS score reduced from 3.6 ± 1.18 to 0.87 ± 0.64 (P < 0.001); and ODI score reduced from 22.21 ± 6.93 to 5.02 ± 2.6 (P < 0.001) at the final follow up.

Conclusions
DCVO was an individualized osteotomy for treating severe thoracic post-tubercular angular kyphosis in children and could be safe and effective in reducing the incidence of complications and significantly improving kyphosis correction.
Patients’ perspectives on the benefits of feedback on patient-reported outcome measures in a web-based personalized decision report for hip and knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Stern Brocha Z. , Pila Sarah , Joseph Layla I. , Rothrock Nan E. , Franklin Patricia D. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Applications of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for individual patient management are expanding with the support of digital tools. Providing PROM-based information to patients can potentially improve care experiences and outcomes through informing and activating patients. This study explored patients’ perspectives on the benefits of receiving feedback on PROMs in the context of a web-based personalized decision report to guide care for their hip or knee osteoarthritis.

Methods
This qualitative descriptive interview study was nested in a pragmatic clinical trial of a personalized report, which includes descriptive PROM scores and predicted postoperative PROM scores. Patients completed a semi-structured interview within 6 weeks of an office visit with an orthopaedic surgeon. Only patients who reported receiving the report and reviewing it with the surgeon and/or a health educator were included. Data were iteratively analyzed using a combination of deductive and inductive coding strategies.

Results
Twenty-five patients aged 49–82 years (60% female, 72% surgical treatment decision) participated and described three primary benefits of the PROM feedback within the report: 1. Gaining Information About My Health Status, including data teaching new information, confirming what was known, or providing a frame of reference; 2. Fostering Communication Between Patient and Surgeon, encompassing use of the data to set expectations, ask and answer questions, and facilitate shared understanding; and 3. Increasing My Confidence and Trust, relating to the treatment outcomes, treatment decision, and surgeon.

Conclusions
Patients identified actual and hypothetical benefits of receiving feedback on PROM scores in the context of a web-based decision report, including advantages for those who had already made a treatment decision before seeing the surgeon. Findings provide insight into patients’ perspectives on how digital PROM data can promote patient-centered care. Results should be considered in the context of the homogeneous sample and complex trial. While participants perceived value in this personalized report, questions remain regarding best practices in patient-facing data presentation and engagement.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03102580. Registered on 5 April 2017.
Genetic predispositions to psychiatric disorders and the risk of COVID-19
Authors: Chen Wenwen , Zeng Yu , Suo Chen , Yang Huazhen , Chen Yilong , Hou Can , Hu Yao , Ying Zhiye , Sun Yajing , Qu Yuanyuan , Lu Donghao , Fang Fang , Valdimarsdóttir Unnur A. , Song Huan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Whether a genetic predisposition to psychiatric disorders is associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is unknown.

Methods
Our analytic sample consisted of 287,123 white British participants in UK Biobank who were alive on 31 January 2020. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) analysis for each psychiatric disorder (substance misuse, depression, anxiety, psychotic disorder, and stress-related disorders) in a randomly selected half of the study population (“base dataset”). For the other half (“target dataset”), the polygenic risk score (PRS) was calculated as a proxy of individuals’ genetic predisposition to a given psychiatric phenotype using discovered genetic variants from the base dataset. Ascertainment of COVID-19 was based on the Public Health England dataset, inpatient hospital data, or death registers in UK Biobank. COVID-19 cases from hospitalization records or death records were considered “severe cases.” The association between the PRS for psychiatric disorders and COVID-19 risk was examined using logistic regression. We also repeated PRS analyses based on publicly available GWAS summary statistics.

Results
A total of 143,562 participants (including 10,868 COVID-19 cases) were used for PRS analyses. A higher genetic predisposition to psychiatric disorders was associated with an increased risk of any COVID-19 and severe COVID-19. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for any COVID-19 was 1.07 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–1.13) and 1.06 (95% CI 1.01–1.11) among individuals with a high genetic risk (above the upper tertile of the PRS) for substance misuse and depression, respectively, compared with individuals with a low genetic risk (below the lower tertile). Slightly higher ORs were noted for severe COVID-19, and similar result patterns were obtained in analyses based on publicly available GWAS summary statistics.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest a potential role of genetic factors in the observed phenotypic association between psychiatric disorders and COVID-19. Our data underscore the need for increased medical surveillance for this vulnerable population during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The respiratory microbiota alpha-diversity in chronic lung diseases: first systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Avalos-Fernandez Marta , Alin Thibaud , Métayer Clémence , Thiébaut Rodolphe , Enaud Raphaël , Delhaes Laurence 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
While there seems to be a consensus that a decrease in gut microbiome diversity is related to a decline in health status, the associations between respiratory microbiome diversity and chronic lung disease remain a matter of debate. We provide a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies examining lung microbiota alpha-diversity in patients with asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis (CF) or bronchiectasis (NCFB), in which a control group based on disease status or healthy subjects is provided for comparison.

Results
We reviewed 351 articles on title and abstract, of which 27 met our inclusion criteria for systematic review. Data from 24 of these studies were used in the meta-analysis. We observed a trend that CF patients have a less diverse respiratory microbiota than healthy individuals. However, substantial heterogeneity was present and detailed using random-effects models, which limits the comparison between studies.

Conclusions
Knowledge on respiratory microbiota is under construction, and for the moment, it seems that alpha-diversity measurements are not enough documented to fully understand the link between microbiota and health, excepted in CF context which represents the most studied chronic respiratory disease with consistent published data to link alpha-diversity and lung function. Whether differences in respiratory microbiota profiles have an impact on chronic respiratory disease symptoms and/or evolution deserves further exploration.