bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SARS-CoV-2 Genetic diversity and lineage dynamics of in Egypt
Authors: Roshdy Wael H. , khalifa Mohamed K. , San James Emmanuel , Tegally Houriiyah , Wilkinson Eduan , Showky Shymaa , Martin Daren Patrick , Moir Monika , Naguib Amel , Elguindy Nancy , Gomaa Mokhtar R. , Fahim Manal , Elsood Hanaa Abu , Mohsen Amira , Galal Ramy , Hassany Mohamed , Lessells Richard J , Al-Karmalawy Ahmed A. , EL-Shesheny Rabeh , Kandeil Ahmed M. , Ali Mohamed A. , de Oliveira Tulio 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCOVID-19 was first diagnosed in Egypt on 14 February 2020. By the end of November 2021, over 333,840 cases and 18,832 deaths had been reported. As part of national genomic surveillance, 1,027 SARS-CoV-2 near whole-genomes had been generated and published by the end of May 2021. Here we describe the genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Egypt over this period using a subset of 976 high-quality Egyptian genomes analysed together with a representative set of global sequences within a phylogenetic framework. We show that a single lineage, C.36, introduced early in the pandemic was responsible for most cases in Egypt. Furthermore, we show that to remain dominant in the face of mounting immunity from previous infection and vaccination, this lineage evolved into various sub-lineages acquiring several mutations known to confer adaptive advantage and pathogenic properties. These results highlight the value of continuous genomic surveillance in regions where VOCs are not predominant and enforcement of public health measures to prevent expansion of existing lineages.
Heart Block in the Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Ahammed Md Ripon , Sharath Medha , Sinha Mehul , Sestacovschi Cristina , Retnakumar Varadha , Solanki Naisargee 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundSince the emergence of the SARS COV-19 pandemic, multiple extrapulmonary manifestations of the virus have been reported from around the world. Cardiovascular complications including arrhythmias in patients with COVID-19 have been described in multiple studies. Our aim was to review various case reports detailing the new onset of heart block in COVID-19 patients and to summarise the clinical course of these patients.MethodsWe systematically reviewed all reports published and indexed in PubMed, Scopus, and Embase between March 2020 to May 2021, analyzing the relation between the demographics of the patients, pre-existing comorbidities, and the progression of heart block in patients infected with COVID-19.ResultsWe identified and included in this study 30 relevant articles describing 49 COVID-19 patients with heart block. Among them, 69.3% (n=34) of patients suffered from at least one comorbidity. 36.73% (n=18) of the patients showed spontaneous resolution of the heart block. Conversely, 63.26% (n=31) of the patients had persistent heart block, out of which 16.33% (n=8) and 42.86% (n=21) were implanted with a temporary and permanent pacemaker respectively. The reported mortality rate was 22.45% (n=11) during hospitalization. We noted that 45.45% (n=5) of the patients who died had complete heart block. 24.49% (n=12) of the patients in the studies we reviewed were suspected of having myocarditis. However, none were confirmed with MRI or cardiac biopsy.ConclusionsAdditional research is necessary to unearth the mechanism of development of heart block in COVID-19 patients as well as its implications on the clinical course and prognosis. Physicians must be aware of the importance of monitoring patients hospitalized for COVID-19 for arrhythmias including heart blocks, especially in the presence of comorbidities. Early detection can improve the prognosis of the patient.
The impact of vaccination on incidence and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with kidney failure in Scotland
Authors: Bell Samira , Campbell Jacqueline , Lambourg Emilie , Watters Chrissie , O’Neil Martin , Almond Alison , Buck Katharine , Carr Edward J , Clark Laura , Cousland Zoe , Findlay Mark , Joss Nicola , Metcalfe Wendy , Petrie Michaela , Spalding Elaine , Traynor Jamie P , Sanu Vinod , Thomson Peter , Methven Shona , Mark Patrick B 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatients with kidney failure requiring kidney replacement therapy (KRT) are at high risk of complications and death following SARS-CoV-2 infection with variable antibody responses to vaccination reported. We investigated the effects of COVID-19 vaccination on incidence of infection, hospitalization and death of COVID-19 infection.MethodsStudy design was an observational data linkage cohort study. Multiple healthcare datasets were linked to ascertain all SARS-CoV-2 testing, vaccination, hospitalization, and mortality data for all patients treated with KRT in Scotland, from the start of the pandemic over a period of 20 months. Descriptive statistics, survival analyses and vaccine effectiveness were calculated.ResultsAs of 19th September 2021, 93% (n=5281) of the established KRT population in Scotland had received two doses of an approved SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Over the study period, there were 814 cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection (15.1% of the KRT population). Vaccine effectiveness against infection and hospitalization was 33% (95% CI 0-52) and 38% (95% CI 0-57) respectively. 9.2% of fully vaccinated individuals died within 28 days of a SARS-CoV-2 positive PCR test (7% dialysis patients and 10% kidney transplant recipients). This compares to <0.1% of the vaccinated Scottish population being admitted to hospital or dying death due to COVID19 during that period.ConclusionsThese data demonstrate a primary vaccine course of two doses has limited impact on COVID-19 infection and its complications in patients treated with KRT. Adjunctive strategies to reduce risk of both COVID-19 infection and its complications in this population are urgently required.
The impact of demographic factors on numbers of COVID-19 cases and deaths in Europe and the regions of Ukraine
Authors: Nesteruk Igor , Rodionov Oleksii 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTThe accumulated numbers of COVID-19 cases and deaths per capita are important characteristics of the pandemic dynamics that may also indicate the effectiveness of quarantine, testing, vaccination, and treatment. The statistical analysis based on the number of cases per capita accumulated to the end of June 2021 showed no correlations with the volume of population, its density, and the urbanization level both in European countries and regions of Ukraine. The same result was obtained with the use of fresher datasets (as of December 23, 2021). The number of deaths per capita and per case may depend on the urbanization level. For European countries these relative characteristics decrease with the increase of the urbanization level. Opposite trend was revealed for the number of deaths per capita in Ukrainian regions.
Developmental maturation of the hematopoietic system controlled by a Lin28b-let-7-PRC1 axis
Authors: Wang Dahai , Tanaka-Yano Mayuri , Meader Eleanor , Kinney Melissa A. , Morris Vivian , da Rocha Edroaldo Lummertz , Liu Nan , Orkin Stuart H. , North Trista E. , Daley George Q. , Rowe R. Grant 
Published: January 2022

SUMMARYHematopoiesis changes over life to meet the demands of maturation and aging. Here, we find that the definitive hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) compartment is remodeled from gestation into adulthood, a process regulated by the heterochronic Lin28b/let-7 axis. Native fetal and neonatal HSPCs distribute with a pro-lymphoid/erythroid bias with a shift toward myeloid output in adulthood. By mining transcriptomic data comparing juvenile and adult HSPCs and reconstructing coordinately activated gene regulatory networks, we uncover the Polycomb repressor complex 1 (PRC1) component Cbx2 as an effector of Lin28b/let-7’s control of hematopoietic maturation. We find that juvenile Cbx2-/- hematopoietic tissues show impairment of B-lymphopoiesis and a precocious adult-like myeloid bias and that Cbx2/PRC1 regulates developmental timing of expression of key hematopoietic transcription factors. These findings define a novel mechanism of epigenetic regulation of HSPC output as a function of age with potential impact on age-biased pediatric and adult blood disorders.
Cardiomyocyte differentiation from iPS cells is delayed following knockout of Bcl-2
Authors: Vervliet Tim , Duelen Robin , Rovere Rita La , Roderick H. Llewelyn , Sampaolesi Maurilio 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAnti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) regulates a wide array of cellular functions involved in cell death, cell survival decisions and autophagy. Bcl-2 acts by both direct interaction with different components of the pathways involved and by intervening in intracellular Ca2+ signalling. The function of Bcl-2 is in turn regulated by post-translational modifications including phosphorylation at different sites by various protein kinases. Besides functions in cell death and apoptosis, Bcl-2 regulates cell differentiation processes, including of cardiomyocytes, although its mechanism of action in this process is not fully elucidated. To further address the role of Bcl-2 in cardiomyocyte differentiation, we investigated the effect of its genetic knockout by CRISPR/Cas9 on the differentiation and functional maturation trajectory of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) to cardiomyocytes. Our results indicate that differentiation of hiPSC to cardiomyocytes is delayed by Bcl-2 KO. This effect was associated with smaller areas of spontaneously beating cells. At the cell population level this exhibited in reduced expression and activity of the cardiomyocyte Ca2+ toolkit. However, when restricting the comparison to the active areas exclusively Bcl-2 KO did not show to significantly alter the functionality of the differentiated cardiomyocytes. Finally, Bcl-2 KO reduced c-Myc expression early in the cardiac differentiation process which may account at least in part for the here observed delay in cardiac differentiation resulting reduced efficiency of the differentiation process. These data are supportive of a pivotal role for Bcl-2 in cardiomyocyte differentiation and maturation.
Capturing additional genetic risk from family history for improved polygenic risk prediction
Authors: Lu Tianyuan , Forgetta Vincenzo , Richards J Brent , Greenwood Celia MT 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTFamily history of complex traits may reflect transmitted rare pathogenic variants, intra-familial shared exposures to environmental and lifestyle factors, as well as a common genetic predisposition. We developed a latent factor model to quantify trait heritability in excess of that captured by a common variant-based polygenic risk score, but inferable from family history. For 941 children in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children cohort, a joint predictor combining a polygenic risk score for height and mid-parental height was able to explain ∼55% of the total variance in sex-adjusted adult height z-scores, close to the estimated heritability. Marginal yet consistent risk prediction improvements were also achieved among ∼400,000 European ancestry participants for 11 complex diseases in the UK Biobank. Our work showcases a paradigm for risk calculation, and supports incorporation of family history into polygenic risk score-based genetic risk prediction models.
Effect of chord-wise flexibility in the lift generation of flapping MAV with membrane wing
Authors: S. Syam Narayanan , R. Asad Ahmed 
Published: January 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to experimentally analyse the effect of flexible and stiffened membrane wings in the lift generation of flapping micro air vehicle (MAV).

Design/methodology/approach
This is analysed by the rectangle wing made up of polyethylene terephthalate sheets of 100 microns. MAV is tested for the free stream velocity of 2 m/s, 4 m/s, 6 m/s and k* of 0, 0.25, 1, 3, 8. This test is repeated for flapping MAV of the free flapping frequency of 2 Hz, 4 Hz, 6 Hz, 10 Hz and 12 Hz.

Findings
This study shows that the membrane wing with proper stiffeners can give better lift generation capacity than a flexible wing.

Research limitations/implications
Only a normal force component is measured, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the model.

Practical implications
In MAVs, the wing structures are thin and light, so the effect of fluid-structure interactions is important at low Reynold’s numbers. This data are useful for the MAV developments.

Originality/value
The effect of chord-wise flexibility in lift generation is the study of the effect of a flexible wing and rigid wing in MAV. It is analysed by the rectangle wing. The coefficient of normal force at different free stream conditions was analysed.
Is restaurant crowdfunding immune to the COVID-19 pandemic?
Authors: Yang Yun (Yvonne) , Koh Yoon 
Published: January 2022

PurposeIn 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic had a devastating impact on global health care and the economy. The restaurant industry has been especially hit hard by the statewide “stay-at-home” orders. To get back on track, many of these businesses need capital. A new and effective form of fundraising for business startups is crowdfunding (CF). However, there has been little research on the pandemic impact on CF. This study aims to fill this gap by investigating the pandemic-related impact on restaurant CF.Design/methodology/approachThis study extracted all 2,686 restaurant CF projects in the USA from the Kickstarter platform from April 2010 to January 2021. By conducting descriptive analyses and multiple logistic regression models, this study examined the pandemic impact on CF success.FindingsThis study finds that, while controlling the effects of other determinants, businesses in the midst of the pandemic are more likely to be successfully funded than businesses unaffected by the pandemic. Findings also reveal that restaurant startups lowered their funding goals and posted more updates/comments/pledge levels during the pandemic, which made projects more likely to be selected as a “Project We Love” and increased the odds of funding success. However, mentioning COVID-19-related information or locating projects in “red zones” are not found to have any significant direct or moderating impact on the funding success.Research limitations/implicationsThis study pioneers the research topic restaurant CF and attempts to raise the research attention of small- and medium-sized enterprises and entrepreneurial financing. Using quantitative methods, it provides a new perspective on pandemic-impact research. Social exchange theory is extended to the context of reward-based CF under crisis. Finally, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first investigation of the possible moderating effect of project location on the relationship between restaurant CF characteristics and success.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study suggest restaurateurs to be confident about the fundraising of their startup business through reward-based CF, even when located within so-called pandemic red zones, and perform appropriate communication strategies while using the reward-based CF.Originality/valueThis study is one of the earliest to examine the main and moderating effects of the pandemic-related factors on business CF in the hospitality realm. The findings are reference for researchers and restaurateurs on fundraising in a crisis context.
A conceptual framework for operational performance measurement in wholesale organisations
Authors: Al Majali Faris Odeh 
Published: January 2022

PurposePerformance measurement involves gaining useful information about performance. The purpose is to develop a conceptual framework to assist wholesale managers in selecting useful information to evaluate operational performance. The proposed framework identifies core operations, measures of operational performance and factors that affect the performance of wholesale organisations.Design/methodology/approachThe research essentially relies on the available literature to develop a conceptual framework and define related components. Research primary data were used to validate the framework components and to implement the framework in wholesale organisations by allocating performance factors to the different components of the proposed framework. Using a semi-structured interview design, ten face-to-face interviews were conducted with managers of ten different wholesale organisations.FindingsThe research identifies five core operations that affect the operational performance in wholesale organisations, four measures for evaluating efficiency and effectiveness in every core operation and 28 factors that influence operational performance in wholesale organisations.Originality/valueOperational performance is monitored by evaluating the achievement of efficiency and effectiveness in operations. The research introduces a performance measurement framework that identifies the required information to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of core operations in wholesale organisations.
Different roots, intertwined branches: linking International Business and Economic Geography through the Uppsala Model and Global Production Network
Authors: Oliveira Renan , Figueira Ariane Roder , Silva-Rêgo Bernardo 
Published: January 2022

PurposeThe aim of this study is to propose a link between international business (IB) and economic geography, which are two streams of thought that have developed without one acknowledging the other. We use the Uppsala model and the Global Production Network as pillars to sustain this link. We expect that this research triggers a collaboration with allied social sciences in important debates surrounding the business-societal interface.Design/methodology/approachWe selected papers produced by Johanson and Vahlne to understand the development of the Uppsala model over 40 years. The same was done with the Global Production Network, where we scrutinized the work of Henderson, Coe, Dicken, Hess and Yeung – scholars from the Manchester School of Geography – in the last twenty years. Based on Humphrey et al. (2019), we applied an inductive and inferential approach to uncover similarities and differences between the Uppsala model and Global Production Network.FindingsThe Uppsala model reinforces the strategic role of network position in the internationalization process, while the Global Production Network aims to explain how the governance of global firms scattered world-wide affects the development and upgrading opportunities of the various regions and firms involved. Despite these clear differences, the geographical nature of IB and shared similarities accounting the network as a channel to foster and provide access to important resources and practices regarding management, coordination and governance of dispersed parts of multinational enterprises give room to using these two theories as pillars to link IB and economic geography.Originality/valueWhile attempts to link IB and economic geography are not new, none of these studies have focused on the Uppsala model and Global Production Network as pillars to create a link. We foresee an intense cross collaboration and an even possible renaissance of IB and economic geography to target the ever-changing business environment and its impact on social and economic development.
The non-financial reporting practices of Hungarian listed public interest entities considering the 2014/95/EU Directive
Authors: Lippai-Makra Edit , Kovács Zsuzsanna Ilona , Kiss Gábor Dávid 
Published: January 2022

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the non-financial reporting (NFR) practices of Hungarian listed public interest entities for 2016–2018 in terms of the required disclosure content based on the 2014/95/EU Directive (ED).Design/methodology/approachThe authors apply content analysis methodology on Hungarian firms subject to mandatory reporting under the ED. The target variable in the multivariate model is the reporting quality (Qi) measured by a combined index.FindingsThe authors find that the ED had a moderate impact on Hungary's reporting quality because the overall disclosure of the sample only increased from low to medium level. The authors found that the value of intangible assets is a determinant of the reporting quality before and after the implementation of the ED. The findings support the effect of coercive isomorphism on Hungarian NFR practices.Research limitations/implicationsThe limitation of the research is the number of firms examined. However, the authors covered the entire (non-bank) community of the Hungarian firms subject to the ED.Practical implicationsThe authors suggest that reporting entities build upon the synergy between intellectual capital disclosure and NFR when elaborating their reporting strategies. The authors recommend the integration of ethical matters into corporate strategies and policies. Policymakers may consider the revision of the Hungarian regulations. The authors suggest academics embrace these topics in teaching.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that investigates the impact of ED in the context of Hungary. The authors contribute to the existing literature by adding the results of the ridge regression model, highlighting the importance of intangible assets.
The relationship between narcissism, managerial overconfidence and comparability of financial statements of listed companies
Authors: Almaleki Mohammad , Salehi Mahdi , Moradi Mahdi 
Published: January 2022

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the impact of managerial narcissism and overconfidence on financial statements’ comparability. In other words, this paper seeks to answer the question of whether the personality characteristics of managers may affect the level of financial statements’ quality of commercial entities or not.

Design/methodology/approach
The research hypotheses are tested using a sample of 896 observations taken from the Tehran Stock Exchange and 245 observations from the Iraqi Stock Exchange during 2012 and 2018 using the multiple regression model based on the combined data technique.

Findings
The findings show that managerial narcissism is positively and significantly associated with Iran’s financial statement comparability. In contrast, Iraqi data articulate a negative association between these two variables. This paper finds that Chief Executive Officer overconfidence and financial statements’ comparability are negatively related in both countries. Following the market variation, the different findings suggest that institutional settings such as the general managerial style, adopting international accounting standards (now IFRS) leading to the extent of auditing market globally in Iraq and suffering from international sanctions in Iran, the governing business environment may play an allocative role in preparing financial statements.

Originality/value
The present research is the first research conducted in two emerging markets (Iran and Iraq) examining the relationship between managers’ narcissism and overconfidence and financial statements’ comparability. Therefore, the present research in this area can significantly contribute to the development of science and knowledge.