bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Conversation about COVID‐19 and the Ecumenical House
Authors: Mombo Esther 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic, like other pandemics, has brought to light what is beneath the surface of our society. The impact of COVID‐19 on the social, economic, political, and religious dimensions of society is unprecedented. While it has adversely affected people’s wellbeing, especially their physical and mental health, there has also been a significant rise in child and teenage pregnancies and sexual and gender‐based violence. This article looks at COVID‐19 as a lens into the ecumenical house. I wish to explore the similarities between the death‐dealing blow of COVID‐19 and the virus of hegemonic abuse which continues to strangle humanity through different forms of neo‐colonialism and ecclesiastic paternalism externally and within nations. I shall therefore liken the church’s missional trajectory to the new coronavirus by looking at strains of the hegemonic structures that have served to deny life in its fullness for all.
How we define recurrent miscarriage matters: A qualitative exploration of the views of people with professional or lived experience
Authors: Dennehy Rebecca , Hennessy Marita , Meaney Sarah , Matvienko‐Sikar Karen , O'Sullivan‐Lago Ria , Uí Dhubhgain Jennifer , Lucey Con , O'Donoghue Keelin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundRecurrent miscarriage (RM) affects 1%–3% of women/couples of reproductive age depending on the definition used, for example, whether 2 or ≥3 miscarriages. Stakeholders' views of how RM is defined have received limited attention to date. A definition reflects the medical evidence and values of a society at the time, and thus warrants ongoing review.AimWe aimed to explore the views of women and men with lived experience of RM, and those involved in the delivery/management of services and supports, on how RM is and/or should be defined.MethodsWe adopted a qualitative study design, incorporating semi‐structured interviews. We used purposive sampling to recruit participants in the Republic of Ireland, ensuring diverse perspectives were included. Women and men with lived experience of ≥2 consecutive first‐trimester miscarriages were recruited via health professionals and social media; other participants via the research team's networks. Interviews were audio‐recorded, transcribed, pseudo‐anonymized and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.FindingsWe conducted interviews with 42 health professionals/service providers and 13 women and 7 men with lived experience of RM (June 2020 to February 2021). We generated three interrelated themes from the data: (i) The need for a standardized definition of recurrent miscarriage–Finding a balance between research evidence, individual needs and healthcare resources, (ii) The definition is a route to finding an answer and/or validating women/couples' experience of loss and (iii) Working around the definition—Advocacy and impacts.ConclusionA nuanced approach to defining RM is warranted, one which is evidence‐informed recognizes the individual needs of women/couples, and considers healthcare resources.Patient or Public ContributionMembers of the multidisciplinary RE:CURRENT (REcurrent miscarriage: evaluating CURRENT services) Project Research Advisory Group (including four parent advocates, two of whom are co‐authors on this article) were actively involved throughout the study, including the generation of topic guides and the refining of themes.
Imaging the Trinity in the Flesh: Somatic Union as an Aspect of Theosis in Cyril of Alexandria
Authors: Mercer Andrew 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this article, I seek to show how Cyril of Alexandria's exposition of the effects of eucharistic participation provide us with a hitherto overlooked component of his overall vision of theosis, which may deepen our understanding of theosis in the Christian tradition more broadly. Based on his understanding of what the Eucharist is, he develops the idea that eucharistic participation creates a fleshly union amongst participants, causing the church as a body to reflect more perfectly the unity of the Trinity. The somatic union of the faithful can thus be seen as an aspect of theosis, but one which has not been adequately addressed by recent studies on theosis.
Introduction: Making the case to formally revise the international social security standards to include long‐term care for the elderly
Authors: McKinnon Roddy 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFirst published in April 1948 as the Bulletin of the International Social Security Association, this year marks the 75th anniversary of what, since January 1967, we have all come to know as the International Social Security Review. To mark this important anniversary, this special double issue, “The human right to long‐term care for the elderly: Extending the role of social security programmes”, talks to current debates on social security coverage extension in a context of population ageing. There is a case to be made for revising the international social security standards to formally recognize long‐term care for the elderly, possibly as a distinct branch of social security. At the heart of this discussion, the questions to be addressed by all countries are the roles that social security systems can and should play in helping to meet the long‐term medical and social care needs of elders.
Extracellular vesicles in the study of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases: Methodologies applied from cells to biofluids
Authors: Vaz Margarida , Soares Martins Tânia , Henriques Ana Gabriela 
Published: September 2022

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are gaining increased importance in fundamental research as key players in disease pathogenic mechanisms, but also in translational and clinical research due to their value in biomarker discovery, either for diagnostics and/or therapeutics. In the first research scenario, the study of EVs isolated from neuronal models mimicking neurodegenerative diseases can open new avenues to better understand the pathological mechanisms underlying these conditions or to identify novel molecular targets for diagnosis and/or therapeutics. In the second research scenario, the easy availability of EVs in body fluids and the specificity of their cargo, which can reflect the cell of origin or disease profiles, turn these into attractive diagnostic tools. EVs with exosome‐like characteristics, circulating in the bloodstream and other peripheral biofluids, constitute a non‐invasive and rapid alternative to study several conditions, including brain‐related disorders. In both cases, several EVs isolation methods are already available, but each neuronal model or biofluid presents its own challenges. Herein, a literature overview on EVs isolation methodologies from distinct neuronal models (cellular culture and brain tissue) and body fluids (serum, plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, urine and saliva) was carried out. Focus was given to approaches employed in the context of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, and the main research findings discussed. The topics here revised will facilitate the choice of EVs isolation methodologies and potentially prompt new discoveries in EVs research and in the neurodegenerative diseases field.image
Acute stress modulates noradrenergic signaling in the ventral tegmental area‐amygdalar circuit
Authors: Kielbinski Michal , Bernacka Joanna , Zajda Katarzyna , Wawrzczak‐Bargieła Agnieszka , Maćkowiak Marzena , Przewlocki Ryszard , Solecki Wojciech 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNoradrenergic neurotransmission is a critical mediator of stress responses. In turn, exposure to stress induces noradrenergic system adaptations, some of which are implicated in the etiology of stress‐related disorders. Adrenergic receptors (ARs) in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) have been demonstrated to regulate phasic dopamine (DA) release in the forebrain, necessary for behavioral responses to conditional cues. However, the impact of stress on noradrenergic modulation of the VTA has not been previously explored. We demonstrate that ARs in the VTA regulate dopaminergic activity in the VTA–BLA (basolateral amygdala) circuit, a key system for processing stress‐related stimuli; and that such control is altered by acute stress. We utilized fast‐scan cyclic voltammetry to assess the effects of intra‐VTA microinfusion of α1‐AR and α2‐AR antagonists (terazosin and RX‐821002, respectively), on electrically evoked phasic DA release in the BLA in stress‐naïve and stressed (unavoidable electric shocks – UES) anesthetized male Sprague–Dawley rats. In addition, we used western blotting to explore UES‐induced alterations in AR protein level in the VTA. Intra‐VTA terazosin or RX‐821002 dose‐dependently attenuated DA release in the BLA. Interestingly, UES decreased the effects of intra‐VTA α2‐AR blockade on DA release (24 h but not 7 days after stress), while the effects of terazosin were unchanged. Despite changes in α2‐AR physiological function in the VTA, UES did not alter α2‐AR protein levels in either intracellular or membrane fractions. These findings demonstrate that NA‐ergic modulation of the VTA–BLA circuit undergoes significant alterations in response to acute stress, with α2‐AR signaling indicated as a key target.image
Anatomical study of the carotid‐trigeminal interface: The missing link in the trigeminovascular system?
Authors: Terrier Louis‐Marie , Bergemer Anne‐Marie , Destrieux Christophe , Maldonado Igor Lima 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe trigeminal system is considered a prominent actor in brain nociceptive innervation. The trigeminovascular system is mainly composed of pseudounipolar neurons located within the trigeminal ganglion, whose dendrites originate in cerebral blood vessels. Anatomical studies demonstrating anatomical continuity between perivascular fibers and the trigeminal system are lacking. This issue is addressed in this study. Eleven cadaveric heads obtained from a body donation program were fixed in formalin. We performed a microanatomical study of the cavernous carotid‐trigeminal interface and a histological examination of the tissue bridges crossing the virtual space between the medial aspect of the trigeminal ganglion and ophthalmic nerve and the lateral aspect of the cavernous segment of the internal carotid artery. Very strong adhesion was observed between the horizontal segment of the artery and the ophthalmic nerve in all specimens. The virtual space in this interface was crossed by a web of delicate filaments. Histological examination demonstrated the presence of nerve fibers in all samples. In this study, the carotid‐trigeminal interface has been described in greater detail than ever before and could provide insight into disorders related to the trigeminovascular system. As the present results do not allow the exact nature of the axons to be affirmed, further investigation is necessary.
Assessing paediatric safeguarding in rural Australian health services
Authors: Enzor Lesley , van Bockxmeer John , Makate Marshall 
Published: September 2022

AimEstablish the incidence, burden and characteristics of paediatric safeguarding concerns in rural Australian emergency department practice.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of burns, injury and poisoning presentations across 16 months involving 1472 paediatric cases.ResultsFive per cent of presentations had confirmed safeguarding concern. These were highest during the 2200–0600 staffing period. Mean age was 7.7 years, 43.8% were female. Multivariable regression models show age 2–6 years (odds ratio (OR), 3.27; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.35–7.93); delayed presentation (OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.47–3.59); and police accompaniment (OR, 9.46; 95% CI, 2.61–34.26) are associated with increased safeguarding concerns. Most concerns (91.8%) related to injuries, largely musculoskeletal, wounds and head injuries. Thermal burns were more common than chemical and electrical.ConclusionChildren aged 2–6 are at higher risk for harm than previously recognised and children aged 0–2 years were over‐represented in staff‐suspected concerns. Those accompanied by police had significant association with confirmed safeguarding concerns which were under‐suspected by staff or assumed to have been already reported. In rural practice, ‘unreasonable delay’ was found to be a better measure of concern than a discrete time value. Transient family arrangements, unsecured accommodation, geographical isolation, cultural safety and unique home environments must be taken into when completing injury assessments. For regional health services to successfully identify children at risk, interagency collaboration, staff education and local patterns of concern should be targeted. Rostering changes should increase after‐hours assessment capacity by specialty paediatric staff.
Examination of increasing suicide rates among rural Hispanic VA patients
Authors: Shiner Brian , Peltzman Talya , Forehand Jenna , Gui Jiang , Freytes Ivette M. , Watts Bradley V. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeDeath by suicide is increasing more rapidly among Hispanics than non‐Hispanics who use United States Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) health services, and the increase is most rapid among those living in rural areas. Our goal was to identify characteristics of rural Hispanic VA patients that contribute to this emerging disparity.MethodsWe linked electronic medical records from the VA, personnel data from the US Department of Defense, mortality data from the US National Death Index, and data on area characteristics from the US Census Bureau to examine suicide trends among Hispanic VA patients from 2005 through 2019. After identifying the strongest predictors of suicide in the rural and urban Hispanic populations, we examined how those characteristics changed over time.FindingsAge and sex‐adjusted suicide mortality rates were consistently higher for rural versus urban Hispanic patients beginning in 2012, with the most recent rolling 5‐year average rates being 31.0 per 100,000 for rural compared to 20.3 per 100,000 for urban in 2019. Models to predict suicide had fair performance in the rural (accuracy = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.51, 0.73) and urban (accuracy = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.63, 0.70) groups. Mental health diagnoses were predictive of suicide among rural Hispanic patients, but there was no evidence that mental health diagnoses were increasing more rapidly in rural compared to urban patients.ConclusionsWhile we confirmed that there is a higher rate of death by suicide among rural Hispanic VA patients relative to their urban counterparts, we were unable to identify clear drivers of this finding.
Reinforcement learning‐based control to suppress the transient vibration of semi‐active structures subjected to unknown harmonic excitation
Authors: Pisarski Dominik , Jankowski Łukasz 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe problem of adaptive semi‐active control of transient structural vibration induced by unknown harmonic excitation is studied. The controller adaptation is attained by using a specially designed reinforcement learning algorithm that adjusts the parameters of a switching control policy to guarantee efficient dissipation of the structural energy. This algorithm relies on an efficient gradient‐based sequence that accelerates the learning protocol and results in suboptimal control. The performance of this method is examined through numerical experiments for a span structure that is equipped with a semi‐active device of controlled stiffness and damping parameters. The experiments cover a selection of control learning scenarios and comparisons to optimal open‐loop and heuristic state‐feedback control strategies. This study has confirmed that the developed method has high stabilizing performance, and the relatively low computational burden of the incorporated iterative learning algorithm facilitates its application to multi–degree‐of‐freedom structures.
The Photosensitizer Temoporfin (mTHPC) – Chemical, Pre‐clinical and Clinical Developments in the Last Decade†‡
Authors: Wiehe Arno , Senge Mathias O. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis review follows the research, development and clinical applications of the photosensitizer 5,10,15,20‐tetra(m‐hydroxyphenyl)chlorin (mTHPC, temoporfin) in photodynamic (cancer) therapy (PDT) and other medical applications. Temoporfin is the active substance in the medicinal product Foscan® authorized in the EU for the palliative treatment of head and neck cancer. Chemistry, biochemistry and pharmacology, as well as clinical and other applications of temoporfin are addressed, including the extensive work that has been done on formulation development including liposomal formulations. The literature has been covered from 2009 to early 2022, thereby connecting it to the previous extensive review on this photosensitizer published in this journal [Senge, M. O. and J. C. Brandt (2011)Photochem. Photobiol.87, 1240–1296] which followed its way from initial development to approval and clinical application.
Extremely fractionated magmas linked with W mineralization: Evidence from the LyangarW‐Modeposit, South Tianshan Orogenic Belt
Authors: Fei Xianghui , Zhang Zhaochong , Cheng Zhiguo , Santosh M. , Gao Zhenzhen , Nurtaev Bakhtiar 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTungsten (W) deposits are commonly related to the exsolution of magmatic‐hydrothermal fluids from high‐Si granites (SiO2 > 70%). However, whether the W‐related high‐Si granitic magma is produced via partial melting of metasedimentary source rocks or by high degree of fractional crystallization remains controversial. Here we present new geochronological and geochemical data on the intrusions associated with the Lyangar W‐Mo skarn deposit in the Southern Tianshan Orogenic Belt, Uzbekistan. Our new U–Pb zircon age data show that the major intrusion exposed in the region are ca. 280 Ma biotite gabbroic diorite and biotite granite and about 260 Ma porphyritic granite and muscovite porphyritic granite. The molybdenite grains in the skarn rocks and orebodies show weighted Re‐Os ages of 261.4 ± 7.8 Ma and 261.1 ± 3.8 Ma, respectively. In combination with the field contact, we confirm that the muscovite porphyritic granite is genetically related to the W mineralization. The gradual transition from the porphyritic granite to muscovite porphyritic granite, similar mineral assemblages and geochemical variations indicate that they are co‐magmatic, and that the porphyritic granite represents less evolved member. Rhyolite‐MELTS modeling further reinforces that the muscovite porphyritic granites can be produced by high degree of fractional crystallization (~33%, including ~1.2% biotite, ~27% plagioclase, ~2% alkali‐feldspar, ~0.21% Fe‐Ti oxides, and ~2.7% amphibole) of the porphyritic granite magma. On the basis of the positive ƐHf(t) values (+3.03 to +6.02), high‐SiO2contents and CIPW characters, the porphyritic granite is considered to have formed from dehydration melting at low pH2O of juvenile basaltic source rocks around 16 kbar and 850–1000°C. Our study demonstrates that extreme fractional crystallization of granitic magma plays a significant role in W enrichment in the granitic melt.
Every crisis does matter: Comparing the databases of financial crisis events
Authors: Siranova Maria , Zelenak Karol 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper we examine the consistency in the timing of crisis events of the most prominent databases of banking and fiscal crises. We calculate Cohen's kappa measure, utilize signaling approach and panel logit models with random effects on selected early warning indicators and identify the most influential crisis observations using the Pregibon's delta‐beta influence statistics. Our results confirm that the degree of commonality across databases is indeed relatively high, especially if introducing a 1‐year lag. However, there is still a significant role played by a few influential observations. This problem is more pronounced in the banking crisis literature.
Simulation-based education for nurse and midwife advanced practitioner education: a scoping review protocol
Authors: McTague Karen , Smith Valerie 
Published: September 2022

Objective:
The objective of this scoping review is to identify and describe the extent and type of the available evidence on simulation-based education for nurse and midwife advanced practitioner education.

Introduction:
Simulation-based education is widely adopted in undergraduate nurse and midwife education, but the extent of the use, format, and evidence for simulation-based education in nurse and midwife advanced practitioner education is under explored.

Inclusion criteria:
Studies will be included where the population is registered nurses or midwives enrolled in education programs leading to an award of, or eligibility to register as a nurse or midwife advanced practitioner. Participants will have been exposed to simulation-based education as a teaching methodology. Simulation-based education may take place in practice and/or in an academic setting in any geographical location.

Methods:
An initial limited search was conducted in Embase and CINAHL to identify articles relevant to the topic. Text words contained within the titles and abstracts of articles, as well as index terms describing the relevant articles, were used in the development of the full search strategy. The keywords and index terms identified in the Embase search strategy will be adapted across other nursing, midwifery, and educational databases, including MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and ERIC. Studies published in any language, spanning any date range will be included. Records retrieved will be reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Two reviewers will independently assess the records for inclusion against the defined criteria and extract data using an adapted JBI data extraction form. The data will be charted using narrative summary text, tables, and figures.
How to incorporate biological insights into network models and why it matters
Authors: Bernáez Timón Laura , Ekelmans Pierre , Kraynyukova Nataliya , Rose Tobias , Busse Laura , Tchumatchenko Tatjana 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDue to the staggering complexity of the brain and its neural circuitry, neuroscientists rely on the analysis of mathematical models to elucidate its function. From Hodgkin and Huxley's detailed description of the action potential in 1952 to today, new theories and increasing computational power have opened up novel avenues to study how neural circuits implement the computations that underlie behaviour. Computational neuroscientists have developed many models of neural circuits that differ in complexity, biological realism or emergent network properties. With recent advances in experimental techniques for detailed anatomical reconstructions or large‐scale activity recordings, rich biological data have become more available. The challenge when building network models is to reflect experimental results, either through a high level of detail or by finding an appropriate level of abstraction. Meanwhile, machine learning has facilitated the development of artificial neural networks, which are trained to perform specific tasks. While they have proven successful at achieving task‐oriented behaviour, they are often abstract constructs that differ in many features from the physiology of brain circuits. Thus, it is unclear whether the mechanisms underlying computation in biological circuits can be investigated by analysing artificial networks that accomplish the same function but differ in their mechanisms. Here, we argue that building biologically realistic network models is crucial to establishing causal relationships between neurons, synapses, circuits and behaviour. More specifically, we advocate for network models that consider the connectivity structure and the recorded activity dynamics while evaluating task performance.
image