bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Inhibitory Effects of Naringin in a Rat Model of Postoperative Intraperitoneal Adhesion Formation
Authors: Shi Xiaoqiang , Wu Yunhua , Li Enmeng , Zhang Li , Ma Yanfei , Wei Guangbing , Li Xuqi , Wang Shufeng 
Published: January 2022

Background. Many attempts have been made to inhibit the formation of postoperative intraperitoneal adhesions, but the results have been discouraging. Therefore, the identification of effective preventative measures or treatments is of great importance. In this study, the substantial potential of naringin (NG) to reduce peritoneal adhesions was validated in a rat model. Materials and Methods. A rat peritoneal adhesion model was established by abrasion of the cecum and its opposite intraperitoneal region under aseptic surgical conditions. After the operation, three groups of NG-treated rats were given 2 mL of NG by gavage at different concentrations (40, 60, or 80 mg/kg/d). The sham, control, and hyaluronan (HA) groups were given equal volumes of normal saline daily. On the 8th day, all rats were sacrificed 30 min after the administration of an activated carbon solution (10 mL/kg) by oral gavage. Intraperitoneal adhesion formation was adequately evaluated by necropsy, hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, Sirius red staining, immunofluorescence staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) probes. The gastrointestinal dynamics of the rats were assessed on the basis of a small intestinal charcoal powder propulsion test and the detection of motilin and gastrin levels in serum. Results. Intraperitoneal adhesions were markedly reduced in the group of rats receiving high-dose NG. Compared with the control group, the high-dose NG group showed clear reductions in inflammatory reactions, oxidative stress, collagen deposition, and fibroblast formation in the adhesion tissue and enhanced gastrointestinal dynamics (

P

< 0.05). Conclusion. NG alleviated the severity of intraperitoneal adhesions in a rat model by reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, collagen deposition, and fibroblast formation, highlighting the potential of NG as a drug candidate to prevent postoperative peritoneal adhesion formation.
Abstract IA-02: The state of possible
Authors: Hernandez-Aldama Loriana 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Emmy award winning journalist, international speaker, 2x cancer survivor and author of “Becoming the Story: The Power of PREHAB” — Loriana Hernandez-Aldama kicks off the conference with an advocate keynote detailing her “State of Possible” as she breaks down how to make more patients of color possible with her 3P protocol —Prepare-Present-Prevail®. In a inspirational and transparent message, the former network medical reporter will share her own patient journey, the challenges she faced as a Latina, and the voids and discoveries she made when she found herself on the other side of healthcare— this time as a patient— after a diagnosis of AML Leukemia. Loriana says it took her world flipping upside down and nearly losing it all (including her DNA) for her to gain perspective and discover the biggest breaking stories of her career and the unmet needs of the minority communities. And at every turn, the lack of diversity in clinical trials impacted her chance of survival as Loriana struggled though leukemia, a bone marrow transplant, breast cancer and now survivorship. Today, Loriana is on a mission through her non-profit, ArmorUp for LIFE, to amplify the patient voice and improve patient outcomes through risk reduction (PREHAB) in our underserved communities so we can position communities of color to PREVAIL. Loriana says, “our genetic codes may set us up for failure… our zip codes should not.”
Citation Format: Loriana Hernandez-Aldama. The state of possible [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr IA-02.
Abstract IA-14: Findings from Out: The National Cancer Survey
Authors: Scout  
Published: January 2022

Abstract
For approximately six months in 2020-21 The National LGBT Cancer Network fielded Out: The National Cancer Survey. A total of 2,700 respondents were received. While only a small fraction of the estimated 100,000 LGBTQI people in the U.S. who are diagnosed with cancer every year, this represents the largest such survey of its kind, yielding new insights into the experiences of LGBTQI people with cancer. Top themes of responses included the following: while many reported welcoming care trans or BIPOC people reported less welcome; getting support for our families of choice was more complicated; few could access desired tailored resources; and there was a reported level of rudeness that may represent micro-aggressions. This presentation will give an overview of the major findings and further areas of inquiry emerging from these findings and present back reflections on what these data say about future areas of mainstream and LGBTQI cancer research.
Citation Format: Scout. Findings from Out: The National Cancer Survey [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr IA-14.
Abstract IA-17: Why study cancer health disparities globally: US and global perspectives
Authors: Ragin Camille C.R. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Despite many advances in cancer research, cancer health disparities have persisted globally. Cancer incidence and mortality rates are declining in most high income countries while low and middle income (LMIC) countries continue to experience an increase in the burden of cancer incidence and death rates. Furthermore, cancer research in many LMIC populations has been underrepresented and understudied in general which further exacerbates cancer health disparities in populations within those countries. Global cancer research contributes valuable data towards understanding and addressing cancer prevention and control in the United States, in particular cancer disparities faced by diverse populations including immigrant populations. The study of cancer health disparities globally also provides numerous opportunities to address disparities observed in different geographic regions around the world. This presentation highlights the significance of global cancer health disparities research US and global perspectives.
Citation Format: Camille C.R. Ragin. Why study cancer health disparities globally: US and global perspectives [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr IA-17.
Abstract IA-43: Designing individual-level and structural interventions to reduce and eliminate racial disparities in liver cancer
Authors: Jones Patricia D. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Over the past two decades, the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has increased dramatically, in the United States and worldwide. The tremendous racial diversity in the United States allows for evaluation of racial differences in HCC risk and outcomes. Blacks, Asians and Hispanics all have increased liver cancer risk compared to non-Hispanic Whites. The cause of this disparity is poorly understood but is thought to be multi-factorial. The prevalence and etiology of chronic liver disease differs amongst racial subgroups; nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is most prevalent in Hispanics, while Blacks and Asians are disproportionately affected by viral hepatitis. Moreover, there are substantial racial inequalities with regards to access to comprehensive health care. In addition to racial differences in HCC risk, there are significant racial disparities in cancer stage at HCC diagnosis and receipt of appropriate cancer treatment. Multiple retrospective studies have confirmed significant disparities in survival after HCC diagnosis; Blacks in the United States and worldwide have the lowest survival, compared to other races. There are many stages along the cancer continuum where clinicians and researchers can intervene to improve how individuals living with liver disease are diagnosed, which could subsequently reduce the risk of HCC and improve outcomes. Using hepatitis B as a case study, this lecture will discuss individual-level interventions as well as the necessary structural interventions targeting healthcare policy, organizations, institutions and vulnerable communities that will be required to achieve widespread reduction in HCC-related disparities.
Citation Format: Patricia D. Jones. Designing individual-level and structural interventions to reduce and eliminate racial disparities in liver cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr IA-43.
Abstract IA-48: A brief overview of lung and colorectal cancer disparities in American Indian and Alaska Native populations
Authors: Rhoades Dorothy A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Lung cancer and colorectal cancer (CRC) are leading causes of cancer morbidity and mortality among US American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) men and women. For most AI/AN communities, disparities in these cancers occur compared to their non-Hispanic White (NHW) counterparts. This presentation provides a brief overview of the epidemiology of lung and colorectal cancers among AI/AN, and serves as background for talks regarding the impact of revised eligibility criteria for implementing screening programs among AI/AN. In recent years, lung cancer incidence rates among AI/AN persons were 12% higher than rates among NHW in counties with relatively high proportions of AI/AN residents. By region, rates were 17% to 3 times higher in AI/AN than NHW in Pacific Coast, Alaska, and Northern and Southern Plains, in contrast to the Southwest and Eastern US where AI/AN rates were 35% lower. While lung cancer incidence is decreasing overall in both populations, the rate of decrease is slower for AI/AN. Generally, lung cancer occurs at younger ages and at more advanced stages for AI/AN compared with NHW, and AI/AN persons with lung cancer have worse survival. Little is known about the experience of lung cancer screening (LCS) in health care systems that serve AI/AN communities. LCS has not been a mandatory reporting measure for the Indian Health Service. Models of expanded eligibility for LCS suggest that AI/AN will have a higher relative increase in eligible persons compared with NHW, but information on implementation is scarce. Disparities in CRC are also notable among AI/AN. In recent years, incidence rates among AI/AN were 41% higher than among NHW in counties with relatively high proportions of AI/AN residents. CRC incidence rates also vary regionally, but AI/AN in general had higher CRC incidence rates than did NHW. CRC incidence rates have been decreasing overall among both AI/AN and NHW populations, but at a slower pace for AI/AN. Notably, CRC incidence increased among AI/AN in the Southwest. CRC incidence rates have also increased among persons younger than 50 years for both AI/AN and NHW, but more than 1 in 7 CRC cases among AI/AN were diagnosed at ages younger than 50 years, compared with less than 1 in 10 among NHW. AI/AN were more likely to have late-stage diagnoses than were NHW, and AI/AN men had the worst survival than men in other racial groups. Factors encountered in implementing programs to improve lung and CRC screening among AI/AN health care systems will be discussed follow this presentation.
Citation Format: Dorothy A. Rhoades. A brief overview of lung and colorectal cancer disparities in American Indian and Alaska Native populations [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr IA-48.
Abstract IA-53: A multi-pronged approach to driving diversity in clinical trials: Bristol Myers Squibb & Bristol Myers Squibb Foundation efforts
Authors: Doykos Patricia M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Achieving diversity in clinical trials that reflects the epidemiology of the people and populations affected by diseases and conditions requires an integrated multi-pronged, multi-sector approach and one that is community-informed. This includes among other components community outreach and engagement, patient voice in study design, a culturally competent workforce of clinical trial investigators and team members who are committed to serving URM, and locating clinical trial sites in heavily diverse communities. Bristol Myers Squibb is taking steps and the Bristol Myers Squibb Foundation is making important philanthropic investments on these fronts to drive diversity in clinical trials. The presentation will provide an overview of these efforts, their specific interventions and lessons learned.
Citation Format: Patricia M. Doykos. A multi-pronged approach to driving diversity in clinical trials: Bristol Myers Squibb & Bristol Myers Squibb Foundation efforts [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr IA-53.
Abstract PO-005: Geospatial hotspot analysis of cervical cancer among Asian American Native Hawaiian Pacific Islander (AANHPI) population in Los Angeles County
Authors: Shin Michelle B. , Martinez Bibiana , Tsui Jennifer 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Higher cervical cancer incidence rates among subgroups of Asian American Native Hawaiian Pacific Islander (AANHPI) women are often overlooked in studies that aggregate this extremely heterogeneous population. There is a need to geographically target ethnic subgroup communities with the highest needs with culturally responsive services for cancer prevention. We analyzed the distribution of cervical cancer clusters among the ethnic subgroups of AANHPI women in Los Angeles County. Methods: We included data for first primary cancer cases with any stage of cervical cancer (only malignant tumors) diagnosed from 2000 to 2018 among AANHPI from the Los Angeles County Cancer Surveillance Program. We performed hotspot analyses using the Getis-Ord GI*statistic in ArcGIS to compare the distribution of statistically significant clusters of cervical cancer cases in Los Angeles County using a fixed band. Hot and cold spots with less than 11 cases were suppressed to protect patient confidentiality. Results: Among 8,708 cases of cervical cancer, AANHPI population accounted for 1332 cases (15%). Among the AANHPI population, the three most prevalent ethnic groups were Filipino (n=364, 28%), Chinese (n=314, 24%), and Korean (n=232, 18%) Americans. The hotspots varied by ethnic subgroups and emerged in areas with high proportions of Filipino (Glendale/Carson), Chinese (Arcadia/El Monte), and Korean (Hollywood Hills) American residents, respectively. Discussion: Our findings geospatially disaggregate the cervical cancer prevalence among AANHPI population in Los Angeles County by ethnic subgroups. Specifically, the cervical cancer hotspots contextualize potential geographic- and area-level factors that affect access to preventive services for these vulnerable populations and can facilitate allocating resources for culturally responsive services to increase uptake of HPV vaccination and screening.
Citation Format: Michelle B. Shin, Bibiana Martinez, Jennifer Tsui. Geospatial hotspot analysis of cervical cancer among Asian American Native Hawaiian Pacific Islander (AANHPI) population in Los Angeles County [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-005.
Abstract PO-013: Racial differences in smoking rates among low-income adults living in a large urban area
Authors: Steffen Alana D. , Burke Larisa A. , Duangchan Cherdsak , Watson Karriem S. , Watson Alicia K. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
PURPOSE While smoking rates have decreased nationally, they remain elevated in underserved communities. The purpose of this study was to investigate smoking rates among race/ethnic groups in Chicago and for lower income levels across segregated neighborhoods served by a network of 6 federally qualified health center clinics. METHODS The Healthy Chicago Survey, an annual telephone survey of adults conducted by the Chicago Department of Public Health (2014-2018), was used to obtain rates and correlates of smoking using weighted analyses and linearized standard errors to account for the complex survey design and differential nonresponse. We examined city-wide estimates as well as a subsample composed of lower income (defined as &lt;200% of the poverty level) residents of 3 geographic areas which represent roughly a quarter of Chicago adults (n=3,544 weighted to represent 517,271). RESULTS City-wide Chicago adults are 36% non-Hispanic (NH) White, 29% NH Black, and 26% Hispanic/Latino and have a smoking rate of 18.6% with 60% being daily smokers. The subsample results were 7% NH White, 49% NH Black, and 39% Hispanic Latino; smoking rate 26.8%. Background characteristics most associated with smoking include middle age (30-64 years), male sex, lesbian/gay/bisexual orientation, unmarried/no partner, NH Black, some college or less education, has no personal doctor, and experiences psychological distress. These relationships were consistent citywide and within the subsample except race/ethnic differences were less pronounced for those with lower income. NH Blacks, nearly half our low-income subsample, had the highest smoking rate (35.9%; 95% CI [33.1, 38.7]), followed by NH Whites (31.0 [23.6, 39.4]) with lower rates among Hispanic/Latinos (16.0 [13.4, 19.0]). The subsample comprised three distinct regions within the city with varying levels of race/ethnic diversity. CONCLUSION While tobacco use has declined over recent years there are significant disparities based on race and income. Among lower-income adults, NH Blacks, middle-aged, and males are at greater risk for smoking-related health conditions. Our findings demonstrate the higher rates of smoking among Black, medically underserved adults in low-income communities that contribute to health disparities.
Citation Format: Alana D. Steffen, Larisa A. Burke, Cherdsak Duangchan, Karriem S. Watson, Alicia K. Watson. Racial differences in smoking rates among low-income adults living in a large urban area [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-013.
Abstract PO-100: Association of B7-H3 expression with racial ancestry, immune cell density and AR activation in prostate cancer
Authors: Mendes Adrianna A. , Lu Jiayun , Kaur Harsimar B , Zheng Siqun , Xu Jianfeng , Schaeffer Edward M. , Sfanos Karen S. , Maynard Janielle , Ross Ashley E. , Balk Steven P. , Taplin Mary-Ellen , Antonarakis Emmanuel S. , Joshu Corinne E. , Shenderov Eugene , Lotan Tamara L. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: B7-H3 (CD276, PD-L3) is an immunomodulatory molecule highly expressed in prostate cancer and belonging to the B7 superfamily that also includes PD-L1 (B7-H1). Immunotherapies (antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, and CAR-T cells) targeting B7-H3 are currently in clinical trials; thus elucidating the clinical, molecular and tumor immune microenvironment correlates of B7-H3 expression may help to guide trial design and interpretation. Methods: We developed an automated, clinical-grade immunohistochemistry assay to digitally quantify B7-H3 protein expression across two racially diverse cohorts of primary prostate cancer (including one with previously reported transcriptomic data), a set of prostatic neuroendocrine small cell carcinoma, and pre- and post-treatment tumor tissues from a trial of intensive neoadjuvant hormonal therapy. Results: B7-H3 protein expression is significantly lower in self-identified Black patients and inversely correlates with percent African ancestry by ancestry-informative markers. This association with race is independent of the significant association of B7-H3 expression with ERG/ETS and PTEN status. CD276 mRNA level, but not B7-H3 protein expression, is significantly correlated with regulatory (FOXP3+) T-cell density. Finally, androgen receptor activity (AR-A) scores are significantly correlated with CD276 mRNA expression, and neoadjuvant intensive hormonal therapy is associated with a significant decrease in B7-H3 protein expression. Conclusion: These data underscore the importance of studying racially and molecularly diverse prostate cancer cohorts in the era of immunotherapy. Our study is among the first to use genetic ancestry markers to add to emerging evidence that prostate tumors from men of African ancestry may have a distinct immune milieu associated with B7-H3 expression.
Citation Format: Adrianna A. Mendes, Jiayun Lu, Harsimar B Kaur, Siqun Zheng, Jianfeng Xu, Edward M. Schaeffer, Karen S. Sfanos, Janielle Maynard, Ashley E. Ross, Steven P. Balk, Mary-Ellen Taplin, Emmanuel S. Antonarakis, Corinne E. Joshu, Eugene Shenderov, Tamara L. Lotan. Association of B7-H3 expression with racial ancestry, immune cell density and AR activation in prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-100.