bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kinetics and Connectivity Properties of Parvalbumin- and Somatostatin-Positive Inhibition in Layer 2/3 Medial Entorhinal Cortex
Authors: Fernandez Fernando R. , Via Guillem , Canavier Carmen C. , White John A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractParvalbumin-positive (Pvalb+) and somatostatin-positive (Sst+) cells are the two largest subgroups of inhibitory interneurons. Studies in visual cortex indicate that synaptic connections between Pvalb+cells are common while connections between Sst+interneurons have not been observed. The inhibitory connectivity and kinetics of these two interneuron subpopulations, however, have not been characterized in medial entorhinal cortex (mEC). Using fluorescence-guided paired recordings in mouse brain slices from interneurons and excitatory cells in layer 2/3 mEC, we found that, unlike neocortical measures, Sst+cells inhibit each other, albeit with a lower probability than Pvalb+cells (18% vs 36% for unidirectional connections). Gap junction connections were also more frequent between Pvalb+cells than between Sst+cells. Pvalb+cells inhibited each other with larger conductances, smaller decay time constants, and shorter delays. Similarly, synaptic connections between Pvalb+and excitatory cells were more likely and expressed faster decay times and shorter delays than those between Sst+and excitatory cells. Inhibitory cells exhibited smaller synaptic decay time constants between interneurons than on their excitatory targets. Inhibition between interneurons also depressed faster, and to a greater extent. Finally, inhibition onto layer 2 pyramidal and stellate cells originating from Pvalb+interneurons were very similar, with no significant differences in connection likelihood, inhibitory amplitude, and decay time. A model of short-term depression fitted to the data indicates that recovery time constants for refilling the available pool are in the range of 50–150 ms and that the fraction of the available pool released on each spike is in the range 0.2–0.5.
Neurons in the Monkey's Subthalamic Nucleus Differentially Encode Motivation and Effort
Authors: Nougaret Simon , Baunez Christelle , Ravel Sabrina 
Published: February 2022

The understanding of the electrophysiological properties of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) neurons is crucial since it represents the main target of deep brain stimulation for the treatment of Parkinson's disease and obsessive-compulsive disorders. The study of its nonmotor properties could shed light on the cognitive and motivational alterations possibly encountered after stimulation. In this study, we recorded the activity of STN neurons in two male behaving monkeys (Macaca mulatta) while they performed a visuomotor motivational task in which visual cues indicated which amount of force was required to obtain which amount of reward. Our results evidenced force- and reward-modulated neurons. After the occurrence of the visual stimuli, the force-modulated neurons mainly fired when a high effort was required. Differently, the activity of the population of reward-modulated neurons encoded the motivational value of the stimuli. This population consisted of neurons increasing or decreasing their activity according to the motivational ranking of the task conditions. Both populations could play complementary roles, one in the implementation of the difficulty of the action and the other in enhancing or slowing its execution based on the subjective value of each condition.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAn increasing number of studies confers a role to the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in motivational and reward-related processes. However, the electrophysiological bases of such properties at the neuronal level remain unclear. The present study investigated the modulation of STN neuronal activity in monkeys performing a motivational task in which the force to produce and the reward obtained were manipulated. We found two main populations of neurons, one modulated by the effort required and the other integrating the motivational subjective value of the stimuli. This last population could help at improving decision-making to act or not, depending on the subjective value set by the motivational context. This highlights the pivotal role of STN in the valuation of cost/benefit for decision-making processes.
DESPOSESIÓN, ARRAIGO, COALICIONES Y SUBJETIVACIÓN POLÍTICA DE POBLADORES PAMPEANOS Y BANQUINEROS DEL CHACO, ARGENTINA
Authors: Rotman Joaquín , Miano María Amalia , Heras Ana Inés 
Published: February 2022

Se presenta un análisis de procesos socio-comunitarios rurales en las Provincias de Buenos Aires y Chaco, Argentina, relevados desde 1991 y 2015 —respectivamente—, con un enfoque etnográfico colaborativo. La metodología de análisis se construyó a partir de la combinación de la etnografía y la sociolingüística, así como al relacionar dichos enfoques con otras disciplinas (psicología social, sociología y filosofía política) se construyó un marcoconceptual desde el que se interpretan los dos procesos mencionados. Los principales resultados refieren que, a través de este marco de trabajo, es posible identificar e interpretar acciones que configuran procesos de subjetivación política que de otra manera pasarían desapercibidas. Esas acciones refieren a la singularización, la creación de vincularidad y la disputa contra el arrasamiento.
UNA PROPUESTA DE CRITERIOS DE SELECCIÓN DE INSTRUMENTOS PARA INTERVENCIONES EN CULTURA CIUDADANA, APROXIMACIÓN AL PROBLEMA ÉTICO
Authors: Cano Carolina A. , Silva Jaramillo Santiago 
Published: February 2022

Este artículo revisa algunos de los instrumentos utilizados desde el enfoque de cultura ciudadana para el diseño y la implementación de políticas públicas. En particular, propone la consideración de cinco criterios de evaluación para la selección de estos instrumentos como alternativas de solución en las políticas de cultura ciudadana, al asumir las discusiones sobre criterios funcionales y preocupaciones éticas en su utilización. Se enmarca en el esfuerzo colectivo por seguir ampliando la conversación académica sobre el enfoque de cultura ciudadana.
A klinikai pszichológia 30 éve
Authors: Péley Bernadette 
Published: February 2022

A klinikai pszichológia megalapozása a gyakorlati alkalmazás oldatáról kezdődött, a diagnosztikai módszerek rendszerezésével és adaptálásával. Az elmúlt harminc évben széles területet lefedő kutatások születtek, és maga a klinikai pszichológia is differenciálódott. A fejlődési pszichopatológia új perspektívát jelent a klinikai pszichológiai gondolkodásban, ami jól követhető a különböző pszichopatológiai jelenségek kutatásaiban is.The foundations of clinical psychology started from professional practice, with the systematization and adaptation ofdia,gnostic methods. Over the last thirty years, research has been carried out in various fields, and clinical psychology has differentiated. Developmental psychopathology represents a new perspective in clinical psychological thinking. This new framework induces recent researches in multiple psychopathological phenomena.
Analysis of the dependence of critical electric field on semiconductor bandgap
Authors: Slobodyan Oleksiy , Flicker Jack , Dickerson Jeramy , Shoemaker Jonah , Binder Andrew , Smith Trevor , Goodnick Stephen , Kaplar Robert , Hollis Mark 
Published: February 2022

AbstractUnderstanding of semiconductor breakdown under high electric fields is an important aspect of materials’ properties, particularly for the design of power devices. For decades, a power-law has been used to describe the dependence of material-specific critical electrical field ($${\mathcal{E}}_{\text{crit}}$$

E
crit

) at which the material breaks down and bandgap (Eg). The relationship is often used to gauge tradeoffs of emerging materials whose properties haven’t yet been determined. Unfortunately, the reported dependencies of $${\mathcal{E}}_{\text{crit}}$$

E
crit

on Eg cover a surprisingly wide range in the literature. Moreover, $${\mathcal{E}}_{\text{crit}}$$

E
crit

is a function of material doping. Further, discrepancies arise in $${\mathcal{E}}_{\text{crit}}$$

E
crit

values owing to differences between punch-through and non-punch-through device structures. We report a new normalization procedure that enables comparison of critical electric field values across materials, doping, and different device types. An extensive examination of numerous references reveals that the dependence $${\mathcal{E}}_{\text{crit}}$$

E
crit

∝ Eg1.83 best fits the most reliable and newest data for both direct and indirect semiconductors.
Graphical abstract
Optimal LQG controller to adjust the rudder supplying water to the turbine of small and medium hydro power plants
Authors: Le Ngoc Giang 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: This paper is the result of the research “Optimal LQG controller to open rudder supplying water to turbine of small and medium hydro power plants” developed in the Electric Power University in Vietnam in 2019.
Problem: To maintain the frequency of the emitted voltage of the generator at the nominal value of 50 Hz, the authors present a solution to apply the optimal control theory to create a command to control the rudder angle to adjust the water flow into the turbine.
Objective: The article presented about the order value formation algorithm, to stabilize the frequency of transmission voltage at 50 Hz standard value.
Methodology: In this paper, the laws to control the rudder supplying water to turbine of small and medium hydro power plants are synthesized by optimal control theory. To establish optimal control rules, the paper proposes using the Kalman filter to estimate the state of the object. By that, the frequency of generated voltage will be stabilized under changing load. The efficacy of the steady and dynamic performance of the control strategy was verified using Matlab/Simulink software.
Results: The proposed system can compensate for power fluctuations and is effective in terms of power regulation.
Conclusion: The algorithm presented in the paper is the basis for setting up the software when when designing and manufacturing the turbine - generator combination. Applying this algorithm, the process of adjusting the transmitted power according to the required load will be performed with quality.
Originality: This paper’s contribution lies in its employment of an effective optimal LQG control for varying operating conditions.
Limitations: The authors need to spend more time to the development and and test this algorithm and and implementing it in practice.
Deciphering the Origins of Transient Seismic Moment Accelerations by Realistic Dynamic Rupture Simulations
Authors: Renou Julien , Vallée Martin , Aochi Hideo 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTProperties of earthquake source physics can be inferred from the comparison between seismic observations and results of dynamic rupture models. Although simple self-similar rupture models naturally explain the space and time observations at the scale of the whole earthquake, several observational studies based on the analysis of source time functions (STFs) suggest that they are unable to reproduce the initial accelerating phases of the rupture. We here propose to reproduce the observed transient moment accelerations, without affecting the global self-similarity of the rupture, to constrain their possible physical origins. Simulated STFs are generated from dynamic simulations with heterogeneous slip-weakening distance Dc. Heterogeneity is introduced on the fault plane through a fractal number-size distribution of circular patches, in which Dc takes a value proportional to their radius. As a consequence of the stochastic spatial distribution of the patches, rupture development exhibits a large variability, and delays between initiation and main rupture activation frequently occur. This variability, together with the dynamic correlation between rupture velocity and slip velocity inside each broken patch, successfully perturbs the self-similar properties: rather than growing quadratically with time, STFs have an higher apparent time exponent, close to the observed value of 2.7. In a broader perspective, our simulations show that to respect observed STF shapes, realistic dynamic models should generate bursts of seismic moment, most likely by episodes where slip and rupture velocity are correlated. Such a behavior appears to emerge more naturally when considering heterogeneities in the friction parameters rather than in the initial stress.
Exploration of the Care Giving Dynamic Between NICU Nurses and Mothers with a Substance-Exposed Pregnancy
Authors: Welborn Amber C. , Lewallen Lynne , Nichols Tracy 
Published: February 2022

PurposeTo explore the caregiving dynamic between NICU nurses and mothers with a substance-exposed pregnancy (SEP) by examining how nurses view these mothers compared to mothers without an SEP.DesignA qualitative design using interviews with NICU nurses who care for infants and families with an SEP.SampleThe sample (n = 9) was all female, with an average of approximately 10 years of nursing experience in the NICU, with two-thirds having achieved a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) or higher.Main outcome variablePerceptions of nurses working with families affected by an SEP.ResultsStigmatized views and trust issues shaped nurses' views of mothers with an SEP as different from other mothers. Empathy levels toward mothers differed related to nurses' views of substance use as either a moral decision or chronic disease. These viewpoints shaped the nurse's judgment of the mother's potential to provide a safe environment and independently care for the infant at home. Nurses described personal distress when caring for these families.
Análisis bibliométrico sobre energía solar fotovoltaica aplicada en el sector agrícola como alternativa socioambiental
Authors: Armijos Armijos Juan Alexander , Prado-Carpio Eveligh , Vargas Gonzales Oliverio Napoleón , Yunga- Marquez Javier , Cervantes-Alava Abrahan Rodolfo 
Published: February 2022

La investigación analiza mediante la bibliometría, publicaciones relativas a la energía solar fotovoltaica aplicada en el sector agrícola mundial durante el quinquenio 2017- 2021. La metodología utilizada se ajustó a un proceso de búsqueda y revisión literaria en las principales bases de datos: Redalyc, Science Direct, SciELO y Science.gov; con 30 artículos que tratan sobre el tema, y como resultado se concluye que el mayor número de publicaciones se han realizado en China, con incremento de las publicaciones en el 2021 en Science Direct.

The research analyzes through bibliometrics, publications related to solar photovoltaic energy applied in the global agricultural sector during the five-year period 2017-2021. The methodology used was adjusted to a process of search and literature review in the main databases: Redalyc, Science Direct, SciELO and Science.gov; with 30 articles dealing with the topic, and as a result it is concluded that the highest number of publications have been made in China, with increased publications in 2021 in Science Direct.
Règlement de litiges fonciers et rhétorique discursive en pays atchan (en Ébrié en Côte d’Ivoire)
Authors: Lolo Monney Happy Rosalie , Yepri Léon 
Published: February 2022

Cet article vise à révéler les grandes composantes de la rhétorique discursive lors du règlement de litiges fonciers en pays atchan (peuple ébrié situé au sud-est de la Côte d’Ivoire). Le jeu des échanges verbaux autour des lois coutumières sont le reflet d’une vision du monde qui met le bien-être communautaire au centre de toute préoccupation. Nous avons utilisé comme technique de recherche qualitative l’observation d’un fait socioculturel. Aussi, avons -nous assisté à une assemblée de notables, pour régler un litige foncier dans le village d’Akoue-djεmɛ. Le déroulé de cette procédure judiciaire coutumière a été transcrit, puis analysé selon l’organisation de la rhétorique discursive. Ce travail a permis de découvrir les trois grandes parties de la séance du règlement dudit conflit. La rhétorique du discours social atchan est faite de jeux intertextuels ponctués par des formules ritualisées et proverbiales.

This article aims at showing the major components of the discursive rhetoric during land dispute resolution among the Atchan community (The Ebrie people located in the South west of Cote d’Ivoire). The way of going about the oral communication talking about customary laws truly reflects a world vision that sets the community well-being as the prior preoccupation. The qualitative methodology is the one used. We took part in a gathering of dignitaries solving a land dispute in the Akoue-djεmɛ village. The event of this customary court has been transcribed and analyzed according to the discursive rhetoric organization. This study enabled us to discover the three major components of the sitting. The rhetoric of the Atchan social speech is made up with inter-textual games with rituals and proverbs.
The Challenges Confronting Computerized Health Records System Performance of the Pentecost Hospital, Accra: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Botchwey Charles Owusu-Aduomi 
Published: February 2022

Background: Despite the use of computerized health records systems, its application is fraught with several obstacles, which slow down the pace of operations in Pentecost Hospital in Accra in Ghana.
Aim: This study was designed to identify the challenges confronting the Computerized Health Records System performance of the Pentecost Hospital in Accra in Ghana.
Methodology: The study espoused a qualitative method with a case study design through a well-structured interview guide and focus group discussions. In all, forty-five (45) respondents including ten (10) principal informers who were purposely selected due to their interest in the performance of the Computerized Health Records System at the Pentecost Hospital in the La Nkwantanang Madina Municipality took part in the study.
Results and discussion: The study found that the introduction of the computerized health records system was faced with several challenges and they included inadequate knowledge about computerized health records systems, the breaks in internet connections of the systems, and the like.
Recommendation: Effective monitoring mechanisms, provision of adequate financial and economic resources and the involvement of all the stakeholders in providing quality and efficient computerized health record systems as well as the provision of adequate training are key recommendations for improving the performance of the system.
Conclusion: It is good to mention that efficient application of a computerized health record system which is geared towards efficient quality healthcare would flourish when parity, effectiveness, efficiency, and responsiveness of resource utilization for quality healthcare are considered as the building blocks.
Actividad nematicida de extractos foliares de cuatro especies de Piper contra Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Carmona-Hernández Oscar , Martínez-Hernández María de Jesús , Fernández María  del  Socorro , Molina-Torres Jorge , Ramírez-Chávez Enrique , Barrientos-Salcedo Carolina , Lozada-García José  Armando 
Published: February 2022

Las especies del género Piper han mostrado potencial como biocidas naturales en diferentes organismos, lo cual es atribuible a la diversidad de metabolitos secundarios que sintetizan. Por lo cual, el objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el efecto nematicida contra Caenorhabditis elegans de los extractos hidroacohólicos, etanólicos y metanólicos de cuatro especies del género Piper. Los resultados mostraron que el extracto de P. aduncum fue el que presentó mayor actividad con una concentración letal media (CL50) estimada en 0.650 mg mL−1. Se determinaron perﬁles cromatográﬁcos por HPTLC y en GC-EIMS de los extractos de mayor actividad. Los metabolitos identiﬁcados fueron alcaloides, ﬂavonoides, terpenos, esteroles, cumarinas y saponinas. En la GC-EIMS se identiﬁcaron 67 compuestos potenciales en los extractos etanólicos. Se concluye que el extracto etanólico de Piper aduncum presentó mayor actividad nematicida (CL50 de 0.650 mg mL−1) y el de mayor número de compuestos identiﬁcados preliminarmente.
Biofortiﬁcación con cobre en el forraje verde de trigo
Authors: Antonio-Medina Anadelia , Gaytán-Alemán Leticia Romana , Nava-Camberos Urbano , Mendoza-Pedroza Sergio Iban , Veliz-Deras Francisco Gerardo , Arellano-Rodríguez Gerardo 
Published: February 2022

Por la importancia que tienen los minerales en la nutrición se evaluó la acumulación de cobre (Cu) en el forraje verde hidropónico de trigo (FVH) en diferentes soluciones y modiﬁcaciones en el pH. Se utilizó un arreglo factorial completamente al azar de 3 x 4 x 3 con tres repeticiones. Cada charola representó una unidad experimental, los factores de estudio fueron tres diferentes soluciones, cuatro tratamientos de cobre y tres niveles de pH; factor A, agua de la llave (ALl), solución nutritiva (SN) (método de Steiner) con agua destilada (AD) y solución nutritiva (SN) con agua de llave (ALl); factor B, productos de Cu (4, 1.3, 0.28 y 25%) y factor C pH (5.0, 6.0 y 7.8). Las variables evaluadas fueron: contenido de cobre y análisis bromatológicos. Los resultados fueron sometidos a un análisis de varianza y se realizaron las separaciones de medias mediante la prueba de Tukey (α ± 0.05. Existió una mayor absorción de cobre en la interacción de Agua de llave (ALl) con respecto al fertilizante (F) en concentración de 1.30% Cu-EDTA presentando una concentración de 5.51 ppm, y en las soluciones de agua destilada (AD) con solución nutritiva (SN) y pH 6 mostrando una absorción de 3.94 ppm. El contenido de cobre en el forraje modiﬁco FDA y FDN, estos resultados pueden ser de utilidad en estudios futuros para realizar más ensayos sobre los caracteres bioquímicos relacionados con la digestibilidad del forraje, y en la biofortiﬁcación.
Valorando bienes y servicios ambientales (BSA) del manglar en la ostricultura artesanal: Las Tunas, Cuba
Authors: Betanzos-Vega Abel , Tripp-Quezada Arturo , Macías-Aguilera Esnoldo , Leyva-Segura Adalberto , Arencibia-Carballo Gustavo , Mazón-Suástegui José Manuel 
Published: February 2022

En Cuba, la producción de ostión de mangle Crassostrea rhizophorae proviene de la pesca extractiva (75%) y del cultivo artesanal (25%). En la pesca extractiva ocurre descortezado o corte de raíces de mangle rojo (Rhizophora mangle) durante la recolecta de ostión. En el cultivo se utilizan troncos y ramas de mangle para las granjas y confección de colectores, lo que daña al ecosistema y reduce la oferta de bienes y servicios ambientales (BSA) que presta el manglar. Con el objetivo de evaluar mediante un análisis de costo-beneﬁcio la actividad ostrícola en Puerto Padre, Las Tunas, Cuba, y determinar la viabilidad económica y ambiental de la ostricultura artesanal, se aplicaron estrategias productivas con enfoque ecosistémico incluyendo un valor ecológico representativo del beneﬁcio bruto de las funciones del manglar. El cultivo artesanal realizado es una alternativa de producción económica y ambientalmente viable, con mayor rendimiento promedio en carne de ostión (6.4%), versus rendimiento en carne de la pesca extractiva (5.8%). La inclusión, en el análisis de costo-beneﬁcio de la actividad ostrícola, del costo por daños y beneﬁcios al manglar, indica la necesidad de incluir la valoración de BSA en los mecanismos tradicionales de evaluación económica.