bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Online Teaching Under the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Teaching of Medical Immunology and Medical Microbiology to Second-Year Dentistry Students: A Prospective Comparative Study
Authors: Zhang Xiaoqian , Jiang Yuwei , Chen Yihan , Ma Bishu , Li Zhen , Zhang Yunjiao , Liu Dan , Luo Jia , Zhang Hui 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Medical microbiology and medical immunology are required introductory courses for second-year dentistry students. It is essential to find suitable teaching methods after the outbreak of COVID-19 to implement the call for "stop class, but not stop teaching and not stop learning."
Methods
We mainly used Rain Classroom for online teaching and QQ Group Classroom to support education during this particular period.
Result
We assessed the effectiveness of this special period instruction by analyzing anonymous questionnaires and final exam results. The anonymous questionnaire showed that most of the students were satisfied with this online instruction and found it very helpful in answering their questions and solving their problems. The final exam results showed that teaching in 2020 was no worse than teaching in 2019 and better in terms of pass rate. Teaching in 2021 was worse than in 2020, but there was a breakthrough in the highest score.
Conclusion
These data suggest that online teaching during the epidemic had an impact on teaching effectiveness. Most students are satisfied with online teaching, but some students' grades are affected, which may be related to the fact that some students were not comfortable with blended teaching or online teaching. We share our experiences and reflections on online and blended teaching of medical immunology and medical microbiology courses during the epidemic, hoping that it will be helpful for other teachers to teach.
Provision of social support and mental health in U.S. military veterans:Results from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study
Authors: Na Peter Jongho , Tsai Jack , Southwick Steven , Pietrzak Robert 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
While social support has been linked to better health, most research has focused on the receipt of social support. In this study, we evaluated associations between provided support and mental health in a nationally representative cohort of 4,069 US veterans. The majority (60-72%) of veterans reported providing support consistently. Veterans who scored higher on aspects of personality (i.e., agreeableness, conscientiousness, and emotional stability) and received support were more likely to provide support. Further, each standard deviation increase in provided support was independently associated with 15-40% reduced odds of internalizing psychiatric disorders and suicidality, and veterans who scored higher on both provided and received support had 3.5- to 14-fold lower odds of these outcomes relative to those with high received support but low provided support. Results suggest that separate from the receipt of social support, the provision of support may be a potential pathway to mitigate adverse mental health conditions.
Successful management of a breastfeeding mother with severe eczema of the nipple beginning from puberty
Authors: Li Rui , Zhang Li-Xia , Tian Ce , Ma Liang-Kun , Li Ying 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background Nipple eczema is the most common presentation of atopic dermatitis of the breast, which seriously influences breastfeeding of mothers. We here present a case of severe nipple eczema that started in puberty and received continuous care and interventions during pregnancy, the patient was successful in breastfeeding after the interventions. So the case was to provide a reference for nurses to formulate nursing programs. Case presentation A 36-year-old woman with 16-weeks of gestation, G1P0, visited the breastfeeding consultation clinic, complaining of excessive nipple secretion, severe itching, and concerns about breastfeeding. Severe nipple eczema was diagnosed. Through continuous monitoring and guidance of the patient, nipple eczema significantly improved, lactating confidence improved, anxiety symptoms reduced, and exclusive breastfeeding was achieved. Conclusions For lactating women with nipple eczema, breastfeeding consultants should play an important role and provide whole-process and individual guidance.
Activation of embryonic/germ cell-like axis links poor outcomes of gliomas
Authors: Liu Chunfang , Ma Zhan , Zhang Fengyu , Zhang Haishi , Lin Hui-Kuan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
BackgroundIt is unclear which core events drive the malignant progression of gliomas. Earlier studies have revealed that the embryonic stem (ES) cell/early PGC state is associated with tumourigenicity. This study was designed to investigate the role of ES/PGC state in poor outcomes of gliomas.MethodsCrispr-Cas9 technology, RT-PCR and animal experiments were used to investigate whether PGC-like cell formation play crucial roles in the tumorigenicity of human glioma cells. Bioinformatic analysis was used to address the link between ES/PGC developmental axis and glioma overall outcomes.ResultsHere, our findings showed that germ cell-like cells were present in human gliomas and cultured glioma cells and that the formation of germ cell-like cells was essential for glioma tumours. Bioinformatic analysis showed that the mRNA levels of genes related to embryonic/germ cell development could be detected in most gliomas. Our findings showed that the activation of genes related to reprogramming or the germ cell-like state alone seemed to be insufficient to lead to a malignant prognosis, whereas increased mRNA levels of genes related to the activation of the embryonic/germ cell-like cycle (somatic PGC-EGC-like cycle and somatic parthenogenetic embryo-like cycle) were positively correlated with malignant prognoses and poor clinical outcomes of gliomas. Genes related to the embryonic/germ cell cycle alone or in combination with the WHO grade or 1p19q codeletion status could be used to subdivide gliomas with distinct clinical behaviours. ConclusionsTogether, our findings indicated that a crucial role of germ cell-like cell formation in glioma initiation as well as activation of genes related with the parthenogenetic embryo-like cycle and PGC-EGC-like cycle link to the malignant prognosis and poor outcomes of gliomas, which might provide a novel way to better understand the nature of and develop targeted therapies for gliomas as well as important markers for predicting clinical outcomes in gliomas.
The Yield of Neuroimaging in Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department with Isolated Neuro-ophthalmological Complaints
Authors: Zahran Tharwat El , Hadi Dalia El , Mostafa Hala , Mansour Hana , Hashim Ibrahim , Tahhan Soubhi , Ghannam Alaa Bou 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Neuro-ophthalmological emergencies require prompt assessment and management to avoid vision or life-threatening sequelae. The decision to perform a neuroimaging procedure is currently based on the clinical judgement of the medical team, without defined indications. This study aims to identify presenting symptoms and physical exam findings associated with relative positive findings on neuroimaging studies,Methods: This study was conducted by reviewing the electronic medical records of patients presenting to the Emergency Department (ED) with isolated neuro-ophthalmologic complaints between January 1st, 2013 and September 30th 2019. We collected data on the clinical presentation, neuroimaging procedures and results, consults, and diagnoses.Results: We reviewed the charts of 211 patients of whom 50.7% were females and had a mean age of 41.2 ±21.4 years. Most presented with unilateral eye complaints (53.6%), and the most common symptoms were blurred vision (77.3%) and headaches (42.2%). A total of 126 imaging procedures were performed of which 74.6% were normal, while 25.4% showed relevant abnormal findings. Complaining of blurry vision (p=0.038) or visual field changes (p=0.014) at presentation were associated with having positive findings on imaging. Physical exam findings of a visual field defect (p=0.016), abnormal pupil reactivity (p=0.028), afferent pupillary defect (p=0.018), or abnormal optic disc exam (p=0.009) were also associated with positive findings on imaging.Conclusion: Neuroimaging is more likely to yield positive findings in patients presenting to the ED with blurred vision or changes in visual field and in those found to have visual field irregularities, afferent pupillary defects or abnormal optic discs on physical exam. These findings - when combined with the proper clinical setting - should lower the threshold to proceed with neuroimaging in the emergency department. Based on our results, larger-scale studies might lead to a well-structured algorithm to be followed by ED physicians in decision making.
A Comparison among Fast Point Multiplication Algorithms in Elliptic Curve Cryptosystem
Authors: Padhy Sasmita , Shankar T. N. , Dash Sachikanta 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In the Elliptic Curve Cryptosystem, the multiplication of points is essential in the successful computation of any operation. Reduction of time complexity for the mathematical operations in Elliptic Curve Cryptosystems with minimum hardware resources, the methods: Addition and Subtraction, Mutual Opposite Form, and Complementary Recoding techniques proposed as fast scalar multiplication schemes. The fast-point multiplication method is always necessary for any mathematical operation on an Elliptic Curve Cryptosystem with a restricted system. This study compares the performance of fast-point multiplication algorithms in terms of computational and execution time to determine the quickest one. For any elliptic curve-related arithmetic operations, point multiplication has a vital role in reducing the idle time of hardware utilization. Rapid point multiplication is essential to minimize enhanced time complexity to determine the most suitable algorithm for mobile devices.
A signature of ferroptosis-related genes in the prognosis and tumor microenvironment of Cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhao Dongmei , Qing Xiuli 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: The role of iron death in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC) is unclear. This study is based on the TCGA data set to explore the expression of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) in CESC and its clinical value. Methods: We download the transcriptome and clinical data of CESC patients from the Cancer Genome Atlas of America (TCGA). R 4.4.0 software was used to analyze the differential expression of FRGs (DEFGs) and survival data to construct a risk prognostic model, determine the signature related to ferroptosis, and calculate the tumor microenvironment score of CESC. Then we analyzed the correlation between the ferroptosis-related signature, patient prognosis and tumor microenvironment score. GEPIA database and HPA database verified the differences in the expression and survival of DFRGs in normal cervical tissues and CESC tissues. Results: Compared with normal cervical tissues, there were 14 DEFGs in CESC, 12 were up-regulated and 2 were down-regulated. Finally, four prognostic-related DEFGs (ACACA, PHKG2, SQLE and TFRC) were obtained to construct a prognostic risk model. It was found that the survival time was longer in the low-risk group (HR=0.444, 95%CI: 0.279-0.707), and the stromal score, immune score and estimated score were higher (P<0.05). The verification in the GEPIA database and HPA database is basically consistent with our results. Conclusion: The ferroptosis-related signature is significantly correlated with the survival and prognosis of CESC patients and the tumor microenvironment, suggesting that 4 DEFGs may be potential therapeutic targets and prognostic markers of CESC.
Study on The Effect of Different Extraction Methods in Four Pharmacopoeia on The Content and Structural Transformation of Ginsenoside and The Optimization of Extraction Process
Authors: Sun Kai , Jiang Huang , Li Pingya , Xu lei , Deng Yaling , Xu Jing , Zhao Yuqing 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
In recent years, ginseng products are widely used in various fields. More and more people pay attention to the extraction methods and quality evaluation of ginseng. At present, China, the United States, Europe, Japan and Korea have the quality standards and content determination methods of ginseng. However, due to the different treatment methods adopted before the determination of ginseng samples, the content limits of the index components, such as ginsenoside Rb1, Rg1 and Re are also different. There have been research analyzed the similarities and differences of ginseng content detection methods in pharmacopoeias of different countries, but the comparison of the effects of different methods on ginsenoside content and structural transformation has not been reported.
Methods
In this paper, ginsenosides in ginseng were extracted according to four national Pharmacopoeia, and analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively by UPLC-Q-Exactive-MS and HPLC-UV. Finally, a simple and feasible extraction method was optimized by response surface method.
Results
Twelve kinds of ginsenosides in ginseng were quantitatively analyzed by using the methods of four national pharmacopoeia. Among them, the contents of Rg1, Re and Rd were high, and they were the highest by using unheated J/KP (Japan/Korea Pharmacopoeia) method. Ten kinds of ginsenosides were determined by heated CP (China Pharmacopoeia), USP (the United States Pharmacopoeia) and EP (European Pharmacopoeia) method, and seven kinds of ginsenosides were determined by unheated J/KP method. In the following UPLC-Q-Exactive-MS study, 34, 36, 21 and 19 ginsenosides were identified by CP, USP, EP and J/KP method, respectively. In the optimization of ginsenoside extraction process, an efficient extraction method was selected from the solvent, extraction time, solid-liquid ratio and other factors. In conclusion, through the qualitative and quantitative comparison of CP, USP and EP samples after heating, it can be seen that ginsenoside heating will increase the content of rare saponins, and the heating time is directly proportional to the content of rare saponins.
Conclusion
The pretreatment method has a significant effect on the content determination of ginseng. The analysis of the preparation method and process optimization of the four Pharmacopoeia can provide important reference for the revision of ginseng standard.
Sanitation planning for resettlement sites in Laos
Authors: Soudachanh Souphaphone , Langergraber Günter , Salhofer Stefan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Hydropower plants have been making both direct and indirect impacts on the environment and society on many levels in Laos as they require people who live in downstream and upstream areas to relocate to new resettlement sites. A sanitation planning process for resettlement sites in Laos is evaluated by an evaluating tool which has been developed according to three international sanitation planning guidelines, namely Community-Led Urban Environmental Sanitation Planning (CLUES), the Sanitation Safety Planning methodology by the WHO, and Sanitation 21. Four resettlement sites were selected, based on their differences in terms of project developers, scales, consultancy companies, and the number of people impacted. All four cases had positive performances in their project preparation and the implementation phases which showed a strong institutional arrangement and high engagement by the stakeholders. However, the technical planning phase was overlooked and given a low priority, the boundary of the systems was roughly defined, and there was no clear support to develop a treatment system for the reuse of wastewater, and no health risk assessment. We propose six concise sanitation planning steps and resource-oriented sanitation for resettlement sites which aim to support project developers' decision-making and planning for sanitation systems in resettlement sites.
Evaluation of the climate change impact on the intensity and return period for drought indices of SPI and SPEI (study area: Varamin plain)
Authors: Azizi Hamidreza , Nejatian Niloofar 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this study, to investigate the climate change effect on meteorological drought in the next three decades of Varamin plain, the EC-EARTH model was selected from the (AR5) report with the high performance of temperature and precipitation simulation compared to the base period under RCP scenarios and then by LARS-WG software was downscaled. In addition, (intensity-duration) and the return period of drought indices of Standard precipitation index (SPI) and Standardized precipitation-evapotranspiration index (SPEI) in annual time series were evaluated. Results illustrated that the seasonal precipitation pattern has changed, and mean temperatures will increase by 1.4 °C compared to the base period. The results of the drought assessment showed that the intensity of drought in the future compared to the base period based on SPI and SPEI increased by 8 and 28%, respectively, indicating that the SPEI was more severe in all three scenarios than the SPI. It can mainly be explained by the contribution and effect of increasing the average temperature along with precipitation in the SPEI. Also, the return period of severe droughts under the RCP8.5 scenario for SPEI in the base and future periods is 8 and 6 years, respectively, which indicates a decrease in the return period of severe droughts and an increase in dry years in the future.
Inhibition of Cytochrome P450 Enzyme and Drug-Drug Interaction Potential of Acid
Reducing Agents Used in Management of CDK Inhibitors for Breast Cancer Chemotherapy
Authors: Patil Prajakta Harish , Jagadish Puralae Channabasavaiah , Fatima Fajeelath , Birangal Sumit , Shenoy Gurupur Gautham , Rao Mahadev , Farooqui Junaid , Rastogi Himanshu , Sharma Tarun , Pinjari Jakir 
Published: February 2022

Background and objective:
Concurrent usage of proton pump inhibitors and their effect on survival and
medication termination has been found in individuals receiving protein kinase inhibitor chemotherapy. To investigate
the drug-drug interaction mechanism between CDK inhibitors and proton pump inhibitors, the in-silico docking
approach was designed by applying computer simulation modules to predict the binding and inhibitory potential.

Method:
The interaction potential of proton pump inhibitors and CDK inhibitors was predicted utilising molecular
docking techniques that employed Schrödinger algorithms to capture the dynamics of the CYP450 enzyme-inhibitor
interaction between proton pump inhibitors and CDK inhibitors. Additionally, the human liver microsomes assay was
used to determine the in vitro half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of proton pump inhibitors and the inactivation
of CDK inhibitors via CYP3A4.

Results:
Proton pump inhibitors alter the conformation of the CYP3A4 and CYP2C19 enzymes and interact with the
heme prosthetic group, as determined by docking studies. It may result in the suppression of CDK inhibitors' metabolism
via competitive inhibition at the binding site of an enzyme. Omeprazole and rabeprazole both significantly block
midazolam's 1′-hydroxylation by CYP3A4 in vitro, with IC50 values of 9.86μM and 9.71μM, respectively. When
omeprazole and rabeprazole are co-incubated in human liver microsomes at a 30μM concentration equivalent to the
Cmax of omeprazole and rabeprazole, rabeprazole significantly prolongs the metabolic clearance of palbociclib,
whereas omeprazole affects the ribociclib CYP3A4-mediated metabolism.

Conclusion:
Using dynamic models, we determined that proton pump inhibitors such as rabeprazole and omeprazole
indeed have the potential to cause clinically significant drug-drug interactions with CDK inhibitors in the treatment
of estrogen receptor (ER) positive and HER2-positive breast cancer. As a result, it is suggested to use caution when
prescribing proton pump inhibitors to these individuals.
Cavernous Hemangioma of the Maxillary Sinus Masquerading Recurrent
Hemorrhagic Mass: Histological-Radiological Correlation and a Literature
Review
Authors: Baek Hye Jin , Kim Sungbin , Ryu Kyeong Hwa , An Hyo Jung , Joo Yeon-Hee 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Sinonasal cavernous hemangioma is rare. To date, fewer than 20 cases have
been reported in the literature; however, they may be a source of recurrent epistaxis and masquerade of
a hemorrhagic mass on CT and MRI.

Case Report:
A 68-year-old woman was presented with recurrent epistaxis and progressive right malar
fullness. On rhinoscopy, a bulge lesion was observed with multifocal hemorrhagic and friable surfaces
in the right nasal cavity. CT and MRI demonstrated a well-defined mass in the right maxillary sinus
with inhomogenous T2 hyperintensity, hypointense septa, peripheral rim, and multiple papillary enhancement,
suggesting a recurrent hemorrhagic mass. The mass was excised endoscopically, and the
histologic diagnosis was cavernous hemangioma.

Conclusion:
Imaging studies, such as CT and MRI, are essential in making an accurate diagnosis of
cavernous hemangioma of the maxillary sinus. Endoscopic excision of the lesion can be curative.
Perancangan Ulang Struktur Atas Gedung Kantor Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Surakarta Menggunakan Baja Konvensional
Authors: Pratama Muhammad Firdaus Willy , Hidayatullah Eka Faisal Nur 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this final project is to determine the dimensions of the profile, connection, deviation, and structure of the Surakarta Financial Services Authority Office Building. The research method used is the redesign of the upper structure of the Surakarta Financial Services Authority Office Building using conventional steel based on Indonesian National Standards. Based on the analysis and re-planning shows that the steel structure of the Surakarta Financial Services Authority Office Building meets the SCWB (Strong Column Weak Beam) concept. The profiles obtained are used for 7 types of beam components, namely B1 (IWF 350.350.14.22), B2 (IWF 350.350.19.19), B3 (IWF 350.350.12.19), B4 (IWF 350.350.16.16), B5 (IWF 300.300 . 10.15), B6 (IWF 300.3000.9.14), and B7 (IWF 250.250.14.14) as well as 8 types of column components, namely column K1 (IWF 400.400.20.35), K2 (IWF 400.400.18.28), K3 (IWF 400.400. 16.24 ), K4 (IWF 400.400.21.21), K5 (IWF 350.350.10.16), K6 (IWF 350.350.13.13), K7 (IWF 300.300.11.17), and K8 (IWF 300.300.15.15) which have a type of cross section that is compact and meet the requirements of the moment and shear ratio, flexible and shear control, as well as the safety factor in accordance with the requirements ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dimensi profil baja, sambungan, simpangan, dan stabilitas struktur Gedung Kantor Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Surakarta. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah perancangan ulang struktur atas Gedung Kantor Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Surakarta menggunakan baja konvensional berdasarkan Standar Nasional Indonesia. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan perencanaan ulang menunjukkan bahwa struktur baja Gedung Kantor Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Surakarta memenuhi konsep SCWB (Strong Column Weak Beam). Diperoleh profil yang digunakan pada komponen balok sebanyak 7 jenis yaitu balok yaitu balok B1 (IWF 350.350.14.22), B2 (IWF 350.350.19.19), B3 (IWF 350.350.12.19), B4 (IWF 350.350.16.16), B5 (IWF 300.300.10.15), B6 (IWF 300.300.9.14), dan B7 (IWF 250.250.14.14) serta komponen kolom sebanyak 8 jenis yaitu kolom K1 (IWF 400.400.20.35), K2 (IWF 400.400.18.28), K3 (IWF 400.400.16.24), K4 (IWF 400.400.21.21), K5 (IWF 350.350.10.16), K6 (IWF 350.350.13.13), K7 (IWF 300.300.11.17), dan K8 (IWF 300.300.15.15) yang mempunyai jenis penampang kompak dan memenuhi syarat rasio momen dan geser, kontrol lentur dan geser, serta safety factor yang sesuai dengan persyaratan.