bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergistic Effect of Potassium Clavulanate in Combination withCefamandol and Ceftazidime on B- Lactamase, Extracted From Resistant E.coli
Authors: S. Shaokat Siham , A. Hameed Hamoudi 
Published: March 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate in-vitro activity of Cefamandol and Ceftazidime, in combination with potassium clavulanate against 10 uropathogenic E.coli isolated from patients with chronic complicated urinary tract infections (UTIs), these isolates were identified by the Api identification systems.The antimicrobial susceptibility tests were determined by Kirby-Bauer method and the minimum inhibitory concentrations of Cefamandol and Ceftazidime, were determined, by tube method. These isolates were resistant to Ampicillin (Amp), Amoxicillin (Amo), Carbenicillin (Cb), Ticarcillin (Tic), Amoxicillin\ Potassium Clavulanate {Augmentin}, (Amo\CA), Ticarcillin\ Potassium Clavulanate {Timentin} (Tic\CA), Cefamandol (Cfm) and Ceftazidime (Cfz), also resistant to other antibiotics, such as Tetracycline, Chloramphenicol, Trimethoprim and (50% of the isolates were resistant to Nalidixic acid and Rifampicin). Transfer of plasmids by direct conjugation experiments were performed by mating 10 strains with recipient strain E.coliK12C 600 Rif or Nal resistant, and cell free b- lactamases were prepared and detected by macro-iodometric method. The activities of each cell free bâ€“ lactamases extract against Cfm and Cfz were determined by disks diffusion method (microbiological Masuda method) and by macro-iodometric method. The activity of b- lactamases was inhibited by the addition of Potassium Clavulanate. Conclusion:
Good effectiveness of Cfm\ CA and Cfz\ CA was obtained against resistant strains of E.coli due to complicated urinary tract infection (UTIs).
Key words: b- lactamases, Cefamandol, Ceftazidime, Timentin and Augmentin .
Clinical Evaluation of Melatonin Alone and in Combination with Pizotifen in the Prophylaxis of Migraine
Authors: M.Mohamed Ali Muqdam , A. Humadi Salim , N. Al-Jaff Ashwaq 
Published: March 2022

The treatment of migraine headache targets the neurovascular mechanism and involves the use of serotonin receptor antagonists. Some of these drugs are used for the treatment of acute attacks; while others are effective as prophylactic measures to decrease the duration and frequency of attacks. Pizotifen, a 5-HTA antagonist, is one of the prophylactic drugs for which the clinical use resulted in low outcomes in reducing migraine symptoms. Melatonin, a serotonin derived neurohormone, was reported to exert many functions like sleep induction, anti-inflammatory, neurovascular regulation, cytoprotection and modulation of neurotransmitter release. In the view of the involvement of serotonin in the pathophysiology of migraine and the properties of melatonin, the present study has been conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of melatonin alone or in combination with pizotifen for the improvement of migraine symptoms. The study was conducted on 72 patients, which were under neurologist supervision during the entire period of study. The patients were instructed to avoid any precipitating diet (chocolate, cheese,â€¦ etc) and where randomly divided into 4 groups each of 18. The first group was treated with melatonin (3mg, 30 minutes before bed time); the second with pizotifen (0.5mg twice daily); the third with melatonin (at night) and pizotifen (twice daily); and the fourth with placebo (at night). The treatment was continued for 42 days and was followed up and monitored each week. After a month of treatment, the severity, duration and frequency of migraine attacks were recorded using special migraine scoring system.The results revealed that melatonin alone significantly decreased the severity, duration and frequency of migraine attack by 48%, 53% and 45.75%, respectively; while these produced by pizotifen were significantly reduced by 25%, 45.3% and 27.5%, respectively. The effect of pizotifen was generally enhanced by the addition of melatonin and the improvement in migraine symptoms were, severity (59%), duration (62.7%) and frequency (58%). These effects were generally low in placebo treated group and the reduction in severity, duration and symptoms were (12.2%, 20% and 16.2%, respectively). The distribution of patients according to their response as complete or partial was significantly different among treated groups; and within the same group is differ according to the measured parameter suggesting involvement of factors other than treatment in the improvement of migraine symptoms such as psychological state, stress and others.The study has concluded the effectiveness of melatonin alone and in combination with pizotifen as a prophylactic measure in term of reducing the severity, duration and symptoms of migraine headache.
Key words: migraine headache, pizotifen, melatonin.
Formulation of Alpha Tocopherol Acetate as a Powder Dosage Form by Adsorption
Authors: A. Abdulhameed Zena , I. Khalil Yehia 
Published: March 2022

Alpha-tocopherol acetate is one of the most important vitamin E derivatives,that were used as antioxidants. Adsorbents like kaolin, magnesium carbonate, and microcrystalline cellulose were used successfully to incorporate oily alpha-tocopherol acetate into an acceptable powder dosage form. The results revealed that microcrystalline cellulose as an adsorbents gave the best results with 50% loading capacity at time, 8 minutes before and after incubation period (3 months at 30CÂ°), while kaolin and magnesium carbonate have been shown a significant difference before and after incubation. Addition of 1% w/w magnesium carbonate to the kaolin enhanced the loading capacity by decreasing the time of adsorption from 20 to 6 minutes and 47 to 9 minutes before and after incubation respectively. The study indicated that the best adsorbent to be used in case of oral vitamin E toxicity is microcrystalline cellulose while magnesium carbonate could be used in the formulation for their best adsorption effect.
Key words : Adsorption , Tocopherol Acetate powder
Preparation and Characterization of Poly (D,L-Lactide-Co-Glycolide) Microspheres for Controlled Release of KSL Peptide
Authors: A. Hussein Ahmed 
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this research was to prepare, characterize, and evaluate the new antimicrobial peptide KSL peptide encapsulated in poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)composite microspheres. KSL was loaded in poly(acryloyl hydroxyethyl) starch (acHES) micropar-ticles, and then the peptide-containing microparticles were encapsulated in the PLGA matrix by a solvent extraction /evaporation method.
KSL-loaded PLGA microspheres were also prepared without the starch hydrogel microparticle microspheres for comparison study. KSL peptide microspheres were characterized for drug content, surface morphology, microspheres size determination, polymers stability , in vitro microspheres degradation and in vitro release. KSL peptide encapsulation efficiency resulted in about 98% for RG503 microspheres and AcHES- RG503 composite microspheres. Microspheres mean diameters were 11.12Î¼m and 28Î¼m for RG503 microspheres and AcHES- -RG503 composite microspheres respectively. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed no structural changes in the polymers after KSL peptide loading. The morphological effects and polymers degradation were analyzed to obtain a better understanding of the mechanism of KSL peptide release from microspheres and composite microspheres. Microspheres incubated in 0.1M phosphate buffer saline, pH 7.4 at 37Â°C were hydrated and started to degrade as shown by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) analysis. The result indicated that the release of KSL peptide from microspheres was due to the bulk degradation. In vitro release profile showed that the microspheres type significantly affect the release of KSL peptide. In vitro KSL peptide release after 60 days incubation in 0.1M phosphate buffer saline, pH 7.4 at 37Â°C were 82.23% and 62.12% from 10% KSL peptide loaded AcHES-RG503 composite microspheres and 10%KSL peptide loaded RG503 microspheres respectively.
Key words :KSL peptide , microspheres, composite microspheres, PLGA
Therapeutic Use of Silymarin in the Management of Suspected Renal and Hepatic Injury Produced by NSAIDs in Osteoarthritis Patients
Authors: A. Hussain Saad , T. Numan Intesar , H.Khalaf Ban , A. Abdulla Talal 
Published: March 2022

Long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) mostly associated with renal and hepatic adverse effects, and the adjunct use of compounds with potent protective effects, like silymarin, may be one of the choices to avoid these effects. This project was designed to evaluate the protective effect of silymarin against the suspected renal and hepatic injury induced with long term use of NSAIDs; 220 patients with osteoarthritis were randomized into 5 groups and treated with either silymarin 300mg/day alone, piroxicam 20mg/day alone, meloxicam 15mg/day alone or the combination of each of them with silymarin for 8 weeks. The renal and hepatic functions were evaluated before starting treatment and after 8 weeks including assessment of serum levels of urea, creatinine and the activities of the hepatic enzymes alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutamic-oxalic acid transaminase (GOT) and glutamic-pyruvic acid transaminase (GPT). The results indicated that using NSAIDs alone produced elevation in the markers of renal and hepatic damage that can be successfully prevented or reversed when silymarin adjunctly used with them. In conclusion, silymarin when co-administered with the NSAIDs (piroxicam or meloxicam) decreases their renal and hepatic toxicities in OA patients.
Key words: Silymarin; Piroxicam, Meloxicam; Nephroprotection; Hepatoprotection
The Efficacy of Topically Applied Silymarin in the Treatment of Herpes Labialis Ulcers
Authors: S. Altaei Tagreed , T. Numan Intesar , A.Hussain Saad , G. Al-Talabani Nazar 
Published: March 2022

Herpes labialis is an infection caused by the herpes simplex virus, characterized by an eruption of small and usually painful blisters on the skin of the lips, mouth, gums, or the skin around the mouth. Although there is no successful treatment available, the local use of compounds with effective anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective effects may be of value in this respect. This project was designed to evaluate clinically the local use of silymarin, a group of flavonoids with powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective activity, in the treatment of herpes simplex ulcer. Fifty three patients with herpes labialis ulcers (HLU) were enrolled in this randomized, single blinded, placebo controlled clinical study, and they were allocated into 4 groups, treated with 1%, 3% and 5% silymarin paste and placebo formula respectively. Patient's responses to treatment were followed by clinical evaluation of healing time, size of the ulcers and pain sensation, in addition to evaluating biochemical and immunological markers of the oxidative stress and inflammatory response. HLU patients showed dose dependent improvement in the healing time, pain score and size of ulcer as a result of treatment with various concentrations (1%, 3% and 5%) of silymarin paste, associated with improvement in the oxidative stress state and immunological parameters. In conclusion, silymarin can be used locally as paste formula for the treatment of HLU, an effect which may be attributed to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective properties.
Keywords: Herpes labialis, ulcers, silymarin
Preparation of Anise and Thyme Lotion for Topical Use
Authors: R. Abed Al- Rahman Issraa , J. Jawad Fatima , H.Alkateeb Ekbal , A. Abdulrasool Alaa 
Published: March 2022

Anise and thyme crude extract were used to prepare a lotion for topical application due to their antimicrobial, germicidal and antifungal effects. Two formulas were prepared using the mentioned natural plants, formula 2 (selected lotion) was the most acceptable one which contained veegum and xanthan gum as suspending agents in addition to other exceipients providing it good properties with high physical stability because of its flocculating, pouring, resuspending easily with sedimentation volume (F) 0.96. In addition to unchangeable odor and color with expiration date of one year. While the Preliminary clinical study was done using this lotion on 10 patients with infecious viral skin diseases, it was found that this lotion was successful as a topical preparation for allergy and mostly chicken pox.
Key words: Anise, Thyme, Crude Extract, Antimicrobial Effect.
Imperatives of responsibility of research activity of researchers
Authors: Petroye Olha 
Published: March 2022

In this article, the author makes an attempt to analyze the responsibility of research activities of researchers as a systemic phenomenon. The research is based on the combination of the results of the generalization of theoretical provisions with the results of practical developments, reflected in the standards of international and European documents. The author is disclosing the role of responsibility of research activity as a priority area of integration of the domestic research system into the European research area, ERA.
The main result and scientific novelty of this article is the generalization of the imperative norms of responsibility of the researcher as the main actor in the system of research activity. An essential aspect of the study of the responsibility of research activities of researchers as a systemic phenomenon is the author's proposed classification of relevant imperative requirements regulated by international and European standards. Their structure contains such components: general responsibility; ethical and professional responsibility; responsible evaluation of research activities; quality, reliability, and integrity; cross-border cooperation; scientific education and training of researchers; responsibility of young scientists; research processes and results.
The author concludes about the multifaceted nature and difficulty of the imperative field of responsibility of research activities of researchers and argues that the behavior of researchers is largely mediated by the nature of the relationship and the level of responsibility of other subjects of the research activity.
The Philosophy for Children Program: its origin and lesson structure
Authors: Kravchenko Yuliia 
Published: March 2022

The article is devoted to the world-famous program for the development of thinking skills "Philosophy for Children" by Matthew Lipman, which was formed in the early 1970s. The program is outstanding in that it develops three types of thinking – critical, creative and caring. The article gives a brief overview of the history of the program and its formation. In particular, the article notes that Matthew Lipman, as a professor at Columbia University, realized that students are not able to formulate their own judgments and ask questions. He saw the root of the problem in school education, which does not develop the skills of critical thinking. According to Lipman, logic is at the heart of the program which teaches these skills. He saw introducing the study of logic in the school curriculum as his task. To make it effective and interesting, Lipman wrote the philosophical novel Harry Stottlemeier’s Discovery, which was build around the exploration of Aristotle's logic. The success of an educational experiment with reading this novel at a school in Montclair (USA) in 1970 over a period of six months inspired Lipman to continue writing texts for children of all ages and to develop manuals for teachers. Lipman's educational project began to bring together fellow educators, the first of whom was Anne-Margaret Sharp. Together with her, in 1974 Lipman founded the Institute for the Advancement of Philosophy for Children (IAPC). The article notes which scientists (philosophers, psychologists, linguists) influenced the formation of Lipman's theoretical views.
The second part of the article describes the step-by-step plan of the lessons and explains in detail the importance of each of its elements. Emphasis is placed on the role of the facilitator and the qualities he should possess. The context of positioning critical thinking in contemporary education in Ukraine is also analyzed.
The enduring relevance of philosophy in the education system. Part 2
Authors: Ratnikov Volodymyr 
Published: March 2022

This article focuses on the analysis of the importance of philosophy for streamlining the content of secondary education, in particular the topic of integration of subjects and integration processes in general in the field of education. Pragmatic demands for education and attempts to make it more modern and creative, to promote critical thinking, and to bring education closer to science can also be the basis for such integration. All of this is commendable, but the many ways to integrate secondary education need to be improved. First of all, some of the latest pedagogical techniques and practices have not yet received their methodological understanding within the general vision of the tasks, the interrelated ways of their implementation and the use of the potential of combining school education with extracurricular.
Among the variety of existing integration educational projects, there are three types (their names are quite conditional): "STEM", "Four in one" and "case method". It is emphasized that the authors of these educational projects are not always correct in operating with the philosophical concepts used in the description of projects. The weak philosophical and methodological support of the projects and the insufficient methodological culture of their authors are pointed out. In particular, this manifested itself in an inadequate interpretation of the concept of integration. The content of the category "integration" in relation to the category "synthesis" is specially analyzed in the article. A philosophical and methodological analysis of these integrated educational projects was conducted, as a result of which it was shown that the shortcomings of the methodological culture can significantly affect the adequacy of the content and correctness of the wording of such projects.
As a consequence of the analysis, the author calls for some methodological order in the pedagogical discourse, ie insists on the need to improve the philosophical and methodological culture of educational projects.
HUBUNGAN KUNJUNGAN PEMERIKSAAN KEHAMILAN DENGAN KEJADIAN TANDA BAHAYA DI DESA TANJUNG MORAWA A DELI SERDANG
Authors: Anita Surya , Bancin Dewi Rismauli , Sitorus Friska 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
ANC (Antenatal Care) is a planned program in the form of observation, education, and medical treatment for pregnant women, with keeping the mother healthy during pregnancy childbirth as well as maintaining a healthy baby a safe and satisfying process of pregnancy and childbirth monitor possible pregnancy risk, planning optimal management of high-risk pregnancies and reduce perinatal maternal and fetal morbility and mortality (Fitrayeni et al., 2015). The purpose of this study was to determine the Relationship between Pregnancy Examination Visits for Hazard Signs in Tanjung Morawa Village, Deli Serdang Regency. The type of research carried out was observational-analytic. cross-sectional. From the results of the study, there was a correlation between antenatal care visits and the incidence of proven danger signs where the p-value was 0.039. Pregnant women routinely have pregnancy check-ups according to the standards of at least 4 times during pregnancy as an early detection effort For health workers to make home visits to check the mother's pregnancy as well as provide information about danger signs during pregnancy that can occur to the mother and her baby
ANALISIS CEMARAN Salmonella Spp. PADA DAGING AYAM BROILER (Gallus gallus domestica) YANG DIJUAL DI PASAR BANGUNTAPAN
Authors: Ubaidillah Ubaidillah , Ristiani Susi 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT

Contamination of pathogenic microbes in animal foods such as chicken is a health problem. One of the pathogenic bacteria that can contaminate chicken meat is Salmonella Spp. This type of bacteria cause of foodborne disease in developing countries. This study aims to determine the analysis of salmonella spp. in broiler chicken meat (gallus gallus domestica) which is sold in supermarket, Banguntapan district, Bantul. This study used a qualitative research type and was tested in the laboratory using the Salmonella tested. Based on the results of the tests that have been carried out, the results obtained from 24 samples of broiler chicken meat sold in traditional and modern markets, it is known that the number of positive samples contaminated with Salmonella Spp. 15 (62.5%) and samples that were negative were contaminated with Salmonella Spp. 9 (37.5%). Based on the results of observations that have been made, there are several factors that can contaminate the presence of Salmonella Spp. namely in poor environmental sanitation, inadequate building sanitation and dirty floors, hygiene for sellers who do not see cleanliness when carrying out sales activities, and poor protection of equipment such as storage that is protected from vectors such as flies, rats and cockroaches.
Keywords: Chicken, Gallus gallus domestica, Bacteria, Pathogens, Salmonella Spp.
Forecasting Kebutuhan Rak Peyimpanan Rekam Medis Tahun 2025 Di Rumah Sakit Angkatan Udara Dr M. Salamun
Authors: Rohimah Siti Sarah , Herfiyanti Leni 
Published: March 2022

One of the medical record service tools is a medical record storage rack. This is used to store medical recprd in a safe and confidential place, considering that the medical record them selves are original and protected by law. With a shelf that fits the storage capacity, this will not occur in the accumulation of medical record documents. Therefore, the research aims to determine the need for medical record storage racks for the next five years at the dr. M Salamun hospital. The type of research carried out using descriptive methods, and data collection methods with observation and documentation, the subjects used in this study were medical record files and the number of patient in a year. From the results obtained by researchers, new patients one day reaced 43 patients. As for the storage area of 102m2 and has 14 available shelves. With a distance between shelves of 80cm, with this, this researcher forecasts the need for shelves for the next years so that documents do not accumulate or scatter. And produced for 2025 forecasting as many as 5 shelves and an additional 62m2 square of the area.
KEAMANAN DAN KERAHASIAAN REKAM MEDIS PASIEN COVID-19 DI RSUD LEMBANG
Authors: Hartini Fuji Sri , Setiatin Sali 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRAK
COVID- 19 adalah penyakit infeksi saluran pernafasan yang bisa menular melalui droplet. Kini COVID- 19 sudah masuk ke negara indonesia pada sejak tahun 2020, bahkan sampai bulan juni 2021 penyebaran kasusnya semakin meningkat dan indonesia termasuk peringkat ke-2 di dunia. Dengan demikian, dalam sarana pelayanan kesehatan yang menjadi salah satu garda terdepan adalah petugas perekam medis sehingga lebih beresiko tinggi dalam penularan COVID- 19. Rekam medis adalah data yang bersifat rahasia, sehingga harus terjaga keamanan dan kerahasiaannya. Dengan demikian tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengamati secara mendalam mengenai Keamanan dan Kerahasiaan rekam medis pasien COVID- 19 di RSUD Lembang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data dari sumber primer melalui wawancara dan observasi. Subjek penelitian yaitu kepala instalasi rekam medis dan satu orang petugas rekam medis bagian filing. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa kebijakan keamanan dan kerahasiaan rekam medis sudah ada. Namun, untuk keamanan dan kerahasiaan rekam medis pasien COVID-19 belum ada ketentuan yang tertulis di RSUD Lembang. Kualitas tinta dan perekat sudah sangat baik, namun kualitas map yang belum memenuhi standar karena mudah robek. Ruang penyimpanan masih bersatu dengan assembling dan pintu ruangan yang tidak terkunci sehingga belum terjaga dengan baik keamanan dan kerahasiaan rekam medis pasien COVID-19 maupun non COVID-19.
Kata kunci : COVID- 19, Keamanan dan Kerahasiaan, Rekam medis