bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum exosomal long non-coding RNA growth arrest-specific 5 predicts 3-month mortality in acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure
Authors: Gao Shuai , Sun Cheng-Xi , Fan Yu-Chen , Wang Kai 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure (ACHBLF) is a severe clinical syndrome with high mortality. We aim to evaluate the potential role of serum exosomal long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) growth arrest-specific 5 (GAS5) in ACHBLF and its predictive value for 3-month mortality.
Methods
We enrolled 110 patients with ACHBLF and 42 healthy controls (HCs) from December 2017 to June 2022. Exosomes were isolated from the serum of the participants. Serum exosomal lncRNA GAS5 was detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Univariate and multivariate cox proportional hazards regression analysis were used to identify the independent prognostic predictors. The functional role of lncRNA GAS5 on hepatocyte phenotypes was investigated through loss-of-function and gain-of-function assays. Exosomal labeling and cell uptake assay were used to determine the exosomes-mediated transmission of lncRNA GAS5 in hepatocytes.
Results
The serum exosomal lncRNA GAS5 was significantly higher in patients with ACHBLF than HCs. It was identified to be an independent predictor for 3-month mortality of ACHBLF. It showed high predictive value for 3-month mortality of ACHBLF and yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) value of 0.88, which was markedly higher than MELD score (AUC 0.73; P < 0.01). Further study found that lncRNA GAS5 could inhibit hepatocytes proliferation and increase hepatocytes apoptosis. Exosomes-mediated lncRNA GAS5 transfer promoted hepatocytes injury. The knocked down of lncRNA GAS5 weakened H2O2-induced hepatocytes injury.
Conclusions
We revealed that serum exosomal lncRNA GAS5 might promote hepatocytes injury and showed high predictive value for 3-month mortality in ACHBLF.
Accurate de novo detection of somatic mutations in high-throughput single-cell profiling data sets
Authors: Muyas Francesc , Li Ruoyan , Rahbari Raheleh , Mitchell Thomas , Hormoz Sahand , Cortes-Ciriano Isidro 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Characterization of somatic mutations at single-cell resolution is essential to study cancer evolution, clonal mosaicism, and cell plasticity. However, detection of mutations in single cells remains technically challenging. Here, we describe SComatic, an algorithm designed for the detection of somatic mutations in single-cell transcriptomic and ATAC-seq data sets without requiring matched bulk or single-cell DNA sequencing data. Using > 1.5M single cells from 383 single-cell RNAseq and single-cell ATAC-seq data sets spanning cancer and non-neoplastic samples, we show that SComatic detects mutations in single cells, even in differentiated cells from polyclonal tissues not amenable to mutation detection using existing methods. In addition, SComatic permits the estimation of mutational burdens and de novo mutational signature analysis at single-cell and cell-type resolution. Notably, using matched exome and single-cell RNAseq data, we show that SComatic achieves a 20 to 40-fold increase in precision as compared to existing algorithms for somatic SNV calling without compromising sensitivity. Overall, SComatic opens the possibility to study somatic mutagenesis at unprecedented scale and resolution using high-throughput single-cell profiling data sets.
Impact of Ileostomy in the Adjuvant Treatment and Outcome of Colon Cancer
Authors: Calderillo-Ruíz Germán , López-Basave Horacio Noé , Muñoz-Montaño Wendy Rossemary , Díaz-Romero María Consuelo , Carbajal-López Berenice , Castillo-Morales Carolina , Pérez-Yépez Eloy Andrés , Albarrán-García Alejandra 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: After tumor resection, a preventive diverting loop ileostomy creation is a routine surgical procedure to prevent anastomotic leakage, and infections and to preclude secondary surgeries. Despite its benefits, several studies have proposed potential complications that extend the disease course by impairing the feasibility of adjuvant chemotherapy and adherence.
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of ileostomy complications on the adherence to adjuvant treatment and overall survival (OS) of colon cancer (CC) patients.
Methods: Retrospective, observational study. Patients diagnosed with colon adenocarcinoma were treated between January 2010 and December 2020 at the National Cancer Institute in Mexico.
Retrospectively Registered: No. 2021/045, in April 2021.
Statistical analysis: X2 and t-test, Kaplan-Meier, Log-Rank, and Cox-Regression. Statistical significance differences were assessed when p was bilaterally <0.05.
Results: The most frequent complications of loop-derived ileostomy were hydro-electrolytic dehydration (50%), acute kidney injury (AKI) (26%), grade 1-2 diarrhea (28%), and grade 3-4 diarrhea (21%) (p=0.001). Patients with complete chemotherapy did not reach the median OS. In contrast, the median OS for patients with non-complete chemotherapy was 56 months (p= 0.023). Additionally, 5-years OS reached to 100% in the early restitution group, 85% in the late restitution group, and 60% in the non-restitution group (p= 0.016). Finally, AKI (p= 0.029; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 3.348 [1.133 – 9.895]). Complete chemotherapy (p= 0.028 95% CI 0.376 [0.105 – 0.940]), and reversed ileostomy (p= 0.001 95% CI 0.125 [0.038 – 0.407]) remained as predictors of overall survival for patients with CC treated with a loop ileostomy.
Conclusions: Our results emphasize the early stoma reversal restitution as a safe and feasible alternative to prevent severe complications related to ileostomies which improve chemotherapy adherence and overall survival of colon cancer patients. This is one of the pioneers’ studies analyzing the impact of ileostomy on treatment adherence and outcome of Latin American patients with colon cancer.
Trial registration: Retrospective study No.2021/045.
Why too soon? Predictors of Time to Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Among Newly Diagnosed Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Multicenter follow-up study at health-care setting of Ethiopia
Authors: Debele Gebiso Roba , Kuse Samuel Abdisa , Kefeni Bilisumamulifna Tefera , Geda Abdi , Jifar Wakuma Wakene , Kitila Keno Melkamu , Hajure Mohammedamin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Due to the rising number of diabetic patients, the burden of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is clearly posing a major challenge to the long-term viability of the health-care system. Despite this, most DPN epidemiological research in eastern Africa, including Ethiopia, has so far been limited to survey studies. Thus, we determined the incidence of DPN and its predictors among diabetic patients in tertiary health-care setting of southwest Ethiopia.
Methods
A multicenter retrospective follow-up study was carried out on 567 randomly selected diabetic patients. Data were entered using Epi-Data v4.6 and analyzed using R v4.0.4. The survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier, and compared using Log-rank test between groups of categorical variables. The PHA were evaluated using the Schoenfeld residuals test. Multivariable Gompertz proportional hazard model was used to examine the predictors of DPN at 5% level of significance.
Results
Overall, of 567 DM patients 119 developed DPN with an incidence rate of 3.75, 95%CI [3.13, 4.49] per 100 PY. About 15.13% and 69% of DPN cases occurred within 2 and 5 years of DM diagnosis, respectively. In the multivariable Gompertz PH model, being female [AHR = 1.47; 95% CI (1.01, 2.15)], T2DM [AHR = 3.49 95% CI (1.82, 6.71)], having diabetic retinopathy [AHR = 1.9 95% CI (1.25, 2.91)], positive proteinuria [AHR = 2.22 95% CI (1.35, 3.65)], being obese [AHR = 3.94 95% CI (1.2, 12.89)] and overweight [AHR = 3.34 95% CI (1.09, 10.25)] significantly predicts the future risk of DPN.
Conclusion
Nearly, 7 in 10 of DPN cases occurred within short period of time (5 year) of DM diagnosis. Being female, T2DM, DR, positive proteinuria, obese and overweight significantly predicts the risk of DPN. Therefore, we recommend screening and early diagnosis of diabetes with its complication. While doing so, attention should be given for DM patients with DR and positive proteinuria at baseline.
Clinical characteristics and risk factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complicated with pulmonary hypertension at different altitudes
Authors: Wang LiXia , Wang FaPing , Luo FengMing 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background:Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a common complication in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is closely related to poor prognosis. At present, researches about the risk factors of PH in COPD patients are limited, especially the human population at high altitude (HA).
Objectives: To investigate the differences of clinical characteristics and related risk factors of patients with COPD/COPD-PH from low altitude (LA, 600m) and HA (2200m).
Methods: We performed a cross-sectional survey of 228 COPD patients of Han nationality admitted to respiratory department of Qinghai People's Hospital (N=113) and West China Hospital of Sichuan University (N=115) From March 2019 to June 2021. PH was defined as a pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP) >36 mmHg measured by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE).
Results: In this study, the proportion of PH in COPD patients at HA was higher than that at LA (60.2% vs 31.3%). COPD-PH patients at HA showed significantly different in baseline characteristics, laboratory tests and pulmonary function test. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the independent related factors of PH in COPD patients are different between HA and LA.
Conclusions: The proportion of COPD-PH at HA is higher than LA. At LA, increased BNP( B-type natriuretic peptide) and DB(direct bilirubin) were independent risk factors for PH in COPD patients. While at HA, higher BMI was independent protective factor and increased DB was independent risk factor for PH in COPD patients.
Avoid pleasant music while you learn: the effects of musical chord complexity on declarative memory
Authors: Kurzom Nawras , Lorenzi Ilaria , Mendelsohn Avi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The effects of background music on learning and memory are inconsistent, partly due to the intrinsic complexity and variety of music, as well as variability in music perception and preference. By stripping down musical harmony to its building blocks, namely discrete chords, we explored their effects on memory formation of unfamiliar word-image associations. Chords, defined as two or more simultaneously played notes, vary in the number of tones and inter-tone intervals, yielding varying degrees of harmonic complexity, which translate into a continuum of consonance to dissonance percepts. In the current study, participants heard four different types of musical chords (major, minor, medium complex, and high complex chords) while they learned new word-image pairs of a foreign language. One day later, their memory for the word-image pairs was tested, along with a chord rating session, in which they were required to assess the musical chords in terms of perceived valence, tension, and the extent to which the chords grabbed their attention. We found that musical chords containing dissonant elements were associated with higher memory performance for the word-image pairs compared with consonant chords. Moreover, tension positively mediated the relationship between roughness (a key feature of complexity) and memory, while valence negatively mediated this relationship. The reported findings are discussed in light of the effects that basic musical features have on emotions and attention, in turn affecting cognitive processes of associative learning.
Expression and function of the chicken W chromosome gene MIER3 in embryonic gonads
Authors: Lin Xiao , Jin Zidi , Li Shuo , Zheng Mingde , Xing Ya , Liu Xikui , Lv Mengqing , Zhao Minmeng , Geng Tuoyu , Gong Daoqing , Zhao Debiao , Liu Long 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The sex chromosomes of birds are designated Z and W. The male is homogamous (ZZ), and the female is heterogamous (ZW). The chicken W chromosome is a degenerate version of the Z chromosome and harbors only 28 protein-coding genes. We studied the expression pattern of the W chromosome gene MIER3 (showing differential expression during gonadogenesis) in chicken embryonic gonads and its potential role in gonadal development.
Results
The W copy of MIER3 (MIER3-W) showed a gonad-baised expression in chicken embryonic tissues which was different with its Z copy. The conbined expression of MIER3 mRNA and protein were correlated with the gonadal phenotype, being higher in female gonads than in male gonads or female-to-male sex reversed gonads. Chicken MIER3 protein was highly expressed in the nucleus, with relatively lower expression in the cytoplasm. Overexpression of MIER3-W in male gonad cells suggested its effcet on GnRH signaling pathway (potentially through EGR1 and αGSU), cell proliferation and cell apoptosis. However, at the in vivo level, MIER3 overexpression did not change the sex phenotype of chicken embryos.
Conclusions
MIER3 expression was associated with the gonadal phenotype. It affected multiple signaling pathways and inhibited cell apoptosis. MIER3 may promote female gonadal development by regulating EGR1 and αGSU genes; however, it does not determine the sex differentiation of gonads. These findings enrich our knowledge of chicken W chromosome genes and support a more systematic and in-depth understanding of sex determination and gonadal development in chickens.
Co-creating an intervention to promote physical activity in adolescents with intellectual disabilities: lessons learned within the Move it, Move ID!-project
Authors: Maenhout Laura , Verloigne Maïté , Cairns Deborah , Cardon Greet , Crombez Geert , Melville Craig , Hove Geert Van , Compernolle Sofie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Co-creation is a method to develop acceptable, contextually appropriate and potentially more effective interventions. Adolescents with intellectual disabilities (ID) seldomly participate in research and program development due to the assumption that they lack the capacity to understand and discuss the related topics.
Objective
This study describes a co-creation process with adolescents with ID in developing an intervention to increase physical activity. It was the aim to reflect on the co-creation process, and consequently formulate important lessons learned.
Methods
Twenty-three adolescents (14-22y) with mild to moderate ID participated in six co-creation sessions. The objectives and working methods in each session are described. Inductive thematic analysis was conducted on the researchers' reflection forms, which were completed after each session.
Results
Seven main themes could be distinguished from the data: experiences related to teacher presence during sessions, the importance of building rapport, co-decision making power, the impact of different group dynamics, the relevance of adapted questioning, the influence of co-creative working methods and required characteristics of a co-creation researcher.
Conclusion
Innovative and creative working methods that allow for the inclusion of those with different communication styles are highly needed. Transparent description of the entire process could be a first step to turn co-creative research into an evidence-based methodology. Co-creation with adolescents with ID is feasible if the necessary adjustments are applied.
Optimization of tyrosine kinase inhibitor-loaded gold nanoparticles for stimuli-triggered antileukemic drug release
Authors: Tatar Andra-Sorina , Nagy-Simon Timea , Tigu Adrian Bogdan , Tomuleasa Ciprian , Boca Sanda 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy is gaining attraction in cancer therapeutics due to the ubiquity of kinases in cell survival and differentiation. Great progress was made in the past years for identifying tyrosine kinases that can function as valuable molecular targets and for the entrapment of their corresponding inhibitors in delivery compounds for triggered release. Herein we present a class of drug-delivery nanocompounds that can serve as theranostic agents against blood cancers. By loading the TKI Midostaurin onto polymer (Pluronic and Polyvinylpyrrolidone)-gold nanoparticles we fabricated nanocompounds with tunable functionalities, particularly the targeting of the FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) in acute myeloid leukemia. We optimised the nanocompounds formulation with loading efficiencies in the 84–94% range by studying the MDS loading and controlled release behavior when conjugated onto GNPs functionalized with polymers that, in specific conditions, can have stimuli responsive properties. The drug release dinamics were investigated and the therapeutic efficiency of MDS-loaded particles was confirmed with toxicities that depend on specific dosage ranges. The targetability and imaging capability were demonstrated via dark field (DF) microscopy. No effect was observable on FLT3 negative cells or for unloaded particles. Beyond druggability, we can track this type of nanocarriers inside biological structures, which might contribute to the facilitation of the personalized drug dosage administration, critical for attaining a maximal therapeutic effect.
Age-stratified association between plasma adiponectin levels and morality in septic patients
Authors: Wang Hui , Gao Yan-Xiang , Wu Yi-Na , Zhai Shan-Shan , Li Chen , Duan Jun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Plasma adiponectin (APN) levels are might be affected by age. The present study aimed to study the association between plasm APN levels and age, and the effects of APN levels on mortality in different age-stratified septic patients.
Methods: The retrospective study that was performed with 173 patients with sepsis and 57 controls. Physical and demographic characteristics were recorded, blood samples were collected to measure plasma adiponectin levels. Using these data, we determined the association between plasma adiponectin levels and age, and the effect of plasma adiponectin levels on mortality in different age-stratified septic patients.
Results:Three age group were defined: middle-age patients range of <60years, the old group of 60-80 years, and the elderly group of ≥80years. Plasma adiponectin levels increased with increasing age both in control group and sepsis group. Mortality increased with age: 12.3% in middle-aged patients, 24.6% in old patients, and 36.2% in elderly patients (P<0.001). In middle-age patients and old patients, according to the receiver operating characteristic curve, plasma APN levels had the comparable value in prediction of 28-day mortality. And adiponectin levels were an independent predictive factor for 28-day mortality for patients <80 years. However, in elderly patients, the adiponectin levels showed no significant association with 28-day mortality.
Conclusions: A significant positive association between plasma APN levels and age in septic patients were found. Low circulating levels of APN were associated with 28-day mortality in septic patients aged <80years. The association between APN and mortality in sepsis patients aged >80years were not significantly found.
Response of photosynthesis, transpiration and different scales of water use efficiency to water and nitrogen in greenhouse tomato at three growth stages in Northeastern China
Authors: Cui Jiajun , Yao Mingze , Li Bo , Mao Lizhen , Zhao Mingyu , Niu Hongfei , Xu Zhanyang , Wang Tieliang , Wang Jingkuan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Elucidating the physiological mechanisms underlying crop responses to water and nitrogen availability can help optimize the irrigation and fertilization of greenhouse−cultivated tomatoes. This study aimed to determine how photosynthetic and transpiration characteristics and water use of greenhouse−cultivated tomatoes in Northeast China respond to water and nitrogen treatments under different growth stages. Three irrigation levels (W1−W3) were controlled using the upper and lower irrigation limits, which were 75±5%θfc ,85±5%θfc and 95±5%θfc respectively; and the lower limits were 65±5%θfc, 75±5%θfc and 85±5%θfc respectively (where θfc is the field holding capacity). Three levels of N application were used: N1 (180 kg hm−2 soil), N2 (240 kg hm−2 soil) and N3 (360 kg hm−2 soil). The results showed that tomatoes at flowering and fruiting stage (Stage 1) were not suitable for water deficiency (W1) and high N application (N3), and leaf instantaneous water use efficiency (WUEins) and yield were more significantly correlated. The fruiting stage (Stage 2) was the growth stage with the weakest negative correlation (R2=0.24−0.49) between water use efficiency (leave scale and plant scale) and yield, and the water−nitrogen interaction started to show positive regulation of all indicators in tomato, so it was the best growth stage to appropriately improve water use efficiency and save water. At ripening stage (Stage 3), irrigation water use efficiency (WUEi) and yield were more significantly correlated. N3 supply could compensate or improve photosynthesis, transpiration index and WUE in the early and mid−growth stages. Water and nitrogen had a significant time−scale effect on the correlation between net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and stem flow rate, but the fit results were good (R2=0.92–0.40) for developing their fitting models under various growth stages. The increase in Pn and chlorophyll content (SPAD) under the W2N2 treatment was not accompanied by an excessive increase in transpiration rate (Tr) and stomatal conductance (Gs), and response of Pn to stem flow rate was minimized by the time scale effect (R2=0.90–0.74), and the water use efficiency and yield at all scales at a superior level. As a result, W2N2 is suggested as the best water and nitrogen treatment for use in greenhouse tomatoes in Northeastern China. The findings of this study can serve as a foundation for smart water and nitrogen management strategies for various greenhouse tomato growth stages in Northeastern China.
Synthesis, Characterization and Enhanced Electrical Properties of Polyaniline-Tungsten Oxide Composites by in-situ Polymerization Technique
Authors: Manjunatha B 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The conducting polyaniline (PANI) and PANI doped with tungsten oxide (WO3) with varying wt% of WO3 are prepared by using in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization method. The X-ray diffraction it clearly reveals that pure PANI is amorphous whereas PANI/WO3 composites are in crystalline in nature. The electrical conductivity studied by four probe technique at 30–200°C. All the composites showed increase in conductivity values with the increase in WO3 content where the composite with 45% WO3 content showed highest value of 0.12 S/cm while the lowest conductivity of 0.06 S/cm was found in 5% WO3 content composite. The dielectric constant shows unusual response with respect to frequency with very high dielectric constant of 4.191X103 at 3X106 Hz for 45 wt% of WO3 in PANI, which attributes to the stronger localization of charge carriers and electrical relaxation processes.