bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TÜRK SANATINDA “TANRI” VE “CENNET” DAMGALARININ BERABER KULLANIMI ÜZERİNE
Authors: ASLAN Yunus , DURAN Remzi 
Published: June 2022

İnanış noktasında, Tanrı ve Cennet gibi kavramlardan her biri genellikle semavi dinlere inanan kişilerin karşılaştığı öncelikli kutsal kavramlardandır. Bu iki kavramın sanata yansımaları, soyut birer kavram oldukları için, semboller yoluyla olmak durumundadır. Türk sanatında yer alan sembolik işaretlerin kullanımı, damga vurma geleneği ile doğrudan bağlantılıdır. Damga, Türk devletlerinin ve halklarının kendi benliklerini yansıttığı simgeler olarak, hemen her türlü malzemede kullanılmıştır. Türk sanatında karşılaşmış olduğumuz Tanrı ve Cennet damgalarının beraber kullanımı, Orta Asya’dan ve İran bölgesinden Anadolu’ya kadar, yoğunlukla mimari gelenek yoluyla taşınmıştır. Çalışmamızda örneklerle izlerini takip ettiğimiz bu kutsal geleneğin taş, alçı, tuğla, kerpiç, çini gibi pek çok malzemede, ince bir işçilikle uygulandığını görmekteyiz.
Birer sanat eseri olarak üretilmiş bu damgaların beraber kullanımı, Cennet ve Tanrı kavramlarının, insan zihnindeki anlamlarının benzerlik göstermesi ile yakından ilgilidir. Bu çalışmada, Türk damgalarından kutsallık ifade eden Tanrı ve Cennet damgalarının beraber kullanımı, anlam noktasında irdelenmiş ve sorgulanmıştır.
Numerical investigations of hydraulic transient and thermodynamic characteristics of water flow impacting air pocket inside pipe based on CLSVOF
Authors: Zhu Jianghui , Duan Xiangyu , Wu Guohong , Li Xiaoqin , Tang Xuelin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The hydraulic transient and thermodynamic characteristics of water flows impacting an air pocket at the vertical end of an elbow pipe are investigated. The CLSVOF (coupled level-set and volume of fluid) and URANS (unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes) equations with energy equation are implemented, where the RNG (Re-Normalization Group) k–ε turbulence model is adopted and the pressure–density equation is introduced to allow for the water-phase compressibility. All numerical predictions are consistent with the experimental in the literature. The evolution characteristics and mechanism of the water–air interface are analyzed based on the Froude number and dimensionless water–air mixing degree. For air-pocket Type I and Type II with the water–air mixing degree threshold of 10%, based on the first law of engineering thermodynamics and related process laws and basic theory of statistics, the applicability of the ideal gas model in the thermodynamic process of air pocket, the polytropic index regulation in the evolution process and its association with relevant typical thermodynamic processes are systematically analyzed. The polytropic index of air-pocket Type I fluctuates a little with the averaged median of 1.35 in different transient periods under different initial pressure conditions, while it fluctuates largely with the averaged median of 1.26 and 1.21 under the low and the high initial pressure conditions, respectively.
Spatial and temporal variation characteristics and frequency analysis of extreme precipitation from 1959 to 2017: A case study of the Longtan watershed, southwest China
Authors: Mo Chongxun , Zhu Hanlin , Ruan Yuli , Xie Yanping , Lei Xingbi , Lai Shufeng , Sun Guikai , Xing Zhenxiang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Extreme climate events represented by extreme precipitation seriously constrain the sustainable and healthy development of economy and society. In this study, based on 59-year precipitation data from 15 meteorological stations in the Longtan watershed, seven extreme precipitation indices (continuous drought index (CDD), consecutive wet days (CWD), maximum 1-day precipitation amount (RX1D), maximum consecutive 5-day precipitation amount (RX5D), precipitation on very wet days (R95p), simple daily intensity index (SDII) and heavy precipitation days (R50 mm)) were selected from three perspectives of duration, frequency and intensity, and then the spatio-temporal variation characteristics of Longtan watershed extreme precipitation were clarified. The results indicated that the indices related to the frequency or intensity of extreme precipitation basically had a non-significant increasing trend in the past 59 years, but the CWD showed a significant decrease, reflecting a trend of drought in the watershed as a whole. Spatially, three spatial variation types of extreme precipitation were observed by the empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis, that was, the variation of consistent in the whole region, southwest–northeast reverse phase, and partial-whole reverse phase, among which the first type was the most typical. Frequency analysis was also performed with nine distribution models, and from the results of the Kolmogorov–Smirnov (K–S) test, the generalized extreme value (GEV) model was found to fit each index series better. At different levels of return periods, the indices for RX1D, RX5D and R95p roughly showed an increasing trend from upstream to downstream, with large differences in spatial precipitation.
Preparation of a High Affinity Single Chain Antibody Specific for Aspartate Aminotransferase-P2
Authors: Jones Stephen D. , Mett Vadim L. , Jones William T. , Reynolds Paul H.S. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Using hybridoma 7Fl which secretes antibodies specific tor aspartate aminotransferase-P2 (AAT-P2) as the source of RNA, a single chain antibody has been constructed using a phage display recombinant antibody system. The molecule produced inhibited AAT-P2 enzyme activity by 40% and demonstrated an affinity for this antigen which was comparable to that of the complete 7Fl monoclonal antibody
Proteolytic Cleavage of Melittin with the Actin­ Digesting Protease
Authors: Mirgorodskaya Olga , Kazanina Galina , Mirgorodskaya Ekaterina , Matveyev Vladimir , Thiede Bernd 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
RP HPLC and mass-spectrometry were used to show that melittin but not porcine insulin or C­ peptide of recombinant uman proinsulin was cleaved with the actin-digesting protease from E.coli A2 strain . Two bonds, either Ala 15-Leu 16 or Leu 16-IIe17 are cleaved with Km=2.4 x 10-6M . Cleavage of either bond was accelerated upon increase of ionic strength or concentration of ATP. Position of the only site for the protease in actin is proved to be Gly42-Vaf 43. Similarity ofthe cleavage sites in melittin and actin is discussed
Determination of the Functional Size of Superoxide Dismutases by Radiation Inactivation Analysis
Authors: A Goldlust , D.O Oxender , M.M Werber 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Five different superoxide dismutases (SODs) representing the three classes of SODs (FeSOD, MnSOD and CuZnSOD) were analyzed by the radiation inactivation technique, which is a unique method for the determination of the functional mass of oligomeric proteins. All SODs showed a single exponential inactivation curve, with a radiation target size corresponding to the dimer of each of the enzymes, suggesting that the dimer is the functional unit of SODs.
Assessing a New Prescreening Score for the Simplified Evaluation of the Clinical Quality and Relevance of eHealth Apps: Instrument Validation Study
Authors: Wagneur Nicolas , Callier Patrick , Zeitoun Jean-David , Silber Denise , Sabatier Remi , Denis Fabrice 
Published: June 2022

Background
In 2020, more than 250 eHealth solutions were added to app stores each day, or 90,000 in the year; however, the vast majority of these solutions have not undergone clinical validation, their quality is unknown, and the user does not know if they are effective and safe. We sought to develop a simple prescreening scoring method that would assess the quality and clinical relevance of each app. We designed this tool with 3 health care stakeholder groups in mind: eHealth solution designers seeking to evaluate a potential competitor or their own tool, investors considering a fundraising candidate, and a hospital clinician or IT department wishing to evaluate a current or potential eHealth solution.

Objective
We built and tested a novel prescreening scoring tool (the Medical Digital Solution scoring tool). The tool, which consists of 26 questions that enable the quick assessment and comparison of the clinical relevance and quality of eHealth apps, was tested on 68 eHealth solutions.

Methods
The Medical Digital Solution scoring tool is based on the 2021 evaluation criteria of the French National Health Authority, the 2022 European Society of Medical Oncology recommendations, and other provided scores. We built the scoring tool with patient association and eHealth experts and submitted it to eHealth app creators, who evaluated their apps via the web-based form in January 2022. After completing the evaluation criteria, their apps obtained an overall score and 4 categories of subscores. These criteria evaluated the type of solution and domain, the solution’s targeted population size, the level of clinical assessment, and information about the provider.

Results
In total, 68 eHealth solutions were evaluated with the scoring tool. Oncology apps (22%, 20/90) and general health solutions (23%, 21/90) were the most represented. Of the 68 apps, 32 (47%) were involved in remote monitoring by health professionals. Regarding clinical outcomes, 5% (9/169) of the apps assessed overall survival. Randomized studies had been conducted for 21% (23/110) of the apps to assess their benefit. Of the 68 providers, 38 (56%) declared the objective of obtaining reimbursement, and 7 (18%) out of the 38 solutions seeking reimbursement were assessed as having a high probability of reimbursement. The median global score was 11.2 (range 4.7-17.4) out of 20 and the distribution of the scores followed a normal distribution pattern (Shapiro-Wilk test: P=.33).

Conclusions
This multidomain prescreening scoring tool is simple, fast, and can be deployed on a large scale to initiate an assessment of the clinical relevance and quality of a clinical eHealth app. This simple tool can help a decision-maker determine which aspects of the app require further analysis and improvement.
Gestión de la cultura urbana
Authors: Aguerre Carolina , Giaimo Mariangela 
Published: June 2022

La ciudad se construye en el cotidiano andar de sus habitantes, los ciudadanos, quienes en su actividad configuran la cultura citadina. De esta forma, las políticas ciudadanas requieren la incorporación del nivel simbólico de la cultura en cuestión, para comunicar sus objetivos, sobre todo cuando se busca cambiar las prácticas cotidianas.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN DENGAN KUALITAS TIDUR PADA PASIEN GAGAL JANTUNG KONGESTIF(CHF)
Authors: Mitia Eka Wati Zela , Oktarina Yosi , Rudini Dini 
Published: June 2022

Almost all patients realize that the cardiovascular system is a very important part. When the heart begins to break down and its manifestations deteriorate, health will be threatened. In patients with heart failure an increase in manifestations can cause fear so that patients will express their fears in various ways including anxiety. This excessive anxiety will have an impact on poor sleep quality. This study aims to determine the relationship between anxiety level and sleep quality in CHF patients in the heart clinic at Raden Mattaher Hospital Jambi. This research a quantitative study a cross sectional approach. The sampling technique purposive sampling (n = 73). The statistical test used is the Spearman correlation test where this correlation is used to measure the relationship between two variables and find out the direction of the relationship. The instrument used in this study was quesionare PSQI (r = 0.741) to assess sleep quality and quesionare GAD-7 (r = 0.83) to assess anxiety levels. The results of this study showed the majority of respondents had mild anxiety as many as 35 people (47.9%) and poor sleep quality as many as 47 people (64.4%). The results of the Spearman rank test analysis p value = 0.004 <0.05, then there is a relationship between the level of anxiety and the quality of sleep. There is a relationship between anxiety level and sleep quality in CHF patients. For further research, it is expected to be able to use the results of the study as basic data in carrying out further research
Projected Impact of the Medicare Part D Senior Savings Model on Diabetes-Related Health and Economic Outcomes Among Insulin Users Covered by Medicare
Authors: Shao Hui , Guan Dawei , Guo Jingchuan , Jiao Tianze , Zhang Yongkang , Luo Jing , Shi Lizheng , Fonseca Vivian , Brown Joshua D. 
Published: June 2022

OBJECTIVE
The Medicare Part D Senior Savings Model (SSM) took effect on 1 January 2021. In this study we estimated the number of beneficiaries who would benefit from SSM and the long-term health and economic consequences of implementing this new policy.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Data for Medicare beneficiaries with diabetes treated with insulin were extracted from the 2018 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. A validated diabetes microsimulation model estimated health and economic impacts of the new policy for the 5-year initial implementation period and a 20-year extended policy horizon. Costs were estimated from a health system perspective.

RESULTS
Of 4.2 million eligible Medicare beneficiaries, 1.6 million (38.3%) would benefit from the policy, and out-of-pocket (OOP) costs per year per beneficiary would decrease by 61% or $500 on average. Compared with non-White subgroups, the White population subgroups would have a higher proportion of SSM enrollees (29.6% vs. 43.7%) and a higher annual OOP cost reduction (reduction of $424 vs. $531). Among the SSM enrollees, one-third (605,125) were predicted to have improved insulin adherence due to lower cost sharing and improved health outcomes. In 5 years, the SSM would 1) avert 2,014 strokes, 935 heart attacks, 315 heart failure cases, and 344 end-stage renal disease cases; 2) gain 3,220 life-years and 3,381 quality-adjusted life-years (QALY); and 3) increase insulin cost and total medical cost by $3.5 billion and $2.8 billion. In 20 years, the number of avoided clinical outcomes, number of life-years and QALY gained, and the total and insulin cost would be larger.

CONCLUSIONS
The Medicare SSM may reduce the OOP costs for approximately one-third of the Medicare beneficiaries treated with insulin, improving health outcomes via increased insulin adherence. However, the SSM will also increase overall Medicare spending for insulin and overall medical costs, which may impact future premiums and benefits. Our findings can inform policy makers about the potential impact of the new Medicare SSM.
Assessing the nitric oxide efficacy in bilateral lung transplantation
Authors: Talyzin A. M. , Zhuravel S. V. , Khubutiya M. Sh. , Tarabrin E. A. , Kuznetsova N. K. 
Published: June 2022

Background. One of the most frequent and severe complications in the early postoperative period in lung transplantation is primary graft dysfunction resulting from ischemia-reperfusion injury. There is evidence of the effectiveness of using inhaled nitric oxide in order to prevent such injury.Objective. To assess the effectiveness of nitric oxide in the intra- and early postoperative period in bilateral lung transplantation.Material and methods. We examined 43 patients who underwent bilateral lung transplantation at the N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine in the period from 2012-2021. The patients were divided into two groups. The study group consisted of 23 patients, whose complex of treatment included the use of inhaled nitric oxide. Patients in the comparison group (n=20) received a standard therapy. The end points of the study were: the mechanical ventilation duration, the frequency of using extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and its duration, mortality, dynamics of oxygenation index, blood lactate level, pH, base deficiency.Results. The use of inhaled nitric oxide therapy in patients in the intra- and early postoperative period during lung transplantation improved the ventilation-perfusion ratio, as evidenced by an increase in the oxygenation index by 1.1 times (p=0.128) and 1.3 times (p=0.026) at 48 and 72 hours after surgery, respectively. Meanwhile, the frequency of using extracorporeal membrane oxygenation during surgery was found to decrease by 1.2 times (p=0.033), and that after surgery decreased by 1.4 times (p=0.474); the mechanical ventilation duration decreased by 1.4 times (p=0.042); the duration of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation decreased by 1.6 times (p=0.028); mortality reduced by 8%.Conclusion. The use of inhaled nitric oxide therapy for lung transplantation had a positive effect on the intra- and early postoperative period, as indicated by an improvement in blood gas parameters, a reduction in the frequency and duration of veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and the duration of mechanical ventilation.
Methods for indirect measurements of the emissivity of tungsten and iron-carbon alloys
Authors: Zhukov Leonid , Petrenko Dmytro 
Published: June 2022

The purpose of the article is to increase accuracy and reliability of optical thermometry, including two-colour compensative thermometry with a priori averaged adjustment. The equation of nonlinearity of emissivity spectral distribution was previously obtained. The equation connects the nonlinearity coefficient of emissivity spectral distribution on the middle wave of the operating spectral range with the emissivity value at one of the boundary waves via 3 one-colour radiation temperatures. Based on the equation, linear two-range and parabolic methods for indirect measurements of emissivity is proposed. The results of emissivity determination are used to correct the a priori averaged adjustment of two-colour compensative thermometry.
The linear method excludes the methodical error of temperature measurements for linear spectral distributions of emissivity. For tungsten and iron-carbon alloys, the methodical error of the two-colour compensative thermometry adjusted using the linear method does not exceed 0.52%. At the same time, the methodical errors of spectral ratio and energy pyrometry reach 3.19 and 6.07–8.42%. With a further hypothetical increase of nonlinearity coefficient by 2 times, the error of linear method increases from 0.52 to 1.02%. Both values are permissible in ferrous metallurgy.
The two-range method is based on the inversion of nonlinearity of emissivity spectral distribution. The inversion means that nonlinearity coefficient changes its sign. In the case of tungsten, when spectral ranges are correctly chosen, the error of two-colour compensative thermometry with a corrected adjustment using the two-range method does not exceed the errors of reference measurements and makes up 0.06%.
For essentially nonlinear distributions of emissivity, the parabolic method is proposed. The method excludes methodical error in case the emissivity on operating waves can be described by a polynomial of the 2-nd order. This polynomial approximation is typical for ferrous metals and their alloys. With the same nonlinearity of emissivity spectral distribution, for example, in case of tungsten, the error of parabolic method is 1.24 times less than of the linear method.
PENGARUH JENIS MEDIA PENDINGIN AIR GARAM, AIR SUMUR, OLI TERHADAP HARDNESS PADA HASIL PENGELASAN BAJA S45C MENGUNAKAN LAS SMAW
Authors: A Ridwan , Irzal Irzal , Waskito Waskito , Mulyadi Rodesri 
Published: June 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh media pendingin air garam, air sumur dan oli terhadap kekerasan pada hasil pengelasan baja S45C mengunakan las SMAW. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen yang membandingkan jenis media pendingin yang digunakan yaitunya air garam, air sumur dan oli bekas. Penelitian ini mengunakan 15 spesimen, 3 spesimen raw material, 3 spesimen menggunakan media pendingin udara, 3 spesimen media pendingin air garam, 3 spesimen menggunakan air sumur, 3 Spesimen menggunakan media pendingin oli bekas. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian disimpulkan bahwa dengan perlakuan media pendingian yang berbeda-beda terhadap hasil pengelasan las SMAW menunjukan terjadinya peningkatan nilai kekerasan terhadap spesimen row materil S45C. Hasil pengujian diperoleh rata-rata nilai kekerasan tertinggi pada hasil pengelasan dengan media pendingin air garam yaitu jalur las 20,33 HRC, daerah HAZ 24,43 HRC, dan logam induk 18,67 HRC, nilai rata-rata pada spesimen ini sebesar 21,14 HRC. Kekerasan rata-rata media pendingin air sumur yaitu jalur las 19,73 HRC, daerah HAZ 22,57 HRC, dan logam induk 18,57 HRC, nilai rata-rata pada spesimen ini sebesar 20,24 HRC. Kekerasan rata-rata media pendingin oli bekas yaitu jalur las 17,77 HRC, daerah HAZ 20,33 HRC, dan logam induk 18,50 HRC, nilai rata-rata pada spesimen ini sebesar 18,87 HRC. Kekerasan rata-rata media pendingin udara yaitu jalur las 17,27 HRC, daerah HAZ 19,33 HRC, dan logam induk 17,97 HRC, nilai rata-rata pada spesimen ini sebesar 18,19 HRC.
Kata Kunci: Pengaruh, Media Pendingin, S45C, Las SMAW, Kekerasan
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BLENDED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KREATIVITAS DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA DI SMK NEGERI 2 SAWAHLUNTO
Authors: Handrianto Handrianto , Ambiyar Ambiyar , Syahril Syahril , Fernanda Yolli 
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan mengenai diterapkannya model Blended Learning di mata pelajaran Pekerjaan Dasar Teknik Mesin (PDTM) untuk meningkatkan kreativitas dan hasil belajar siswa. Karena selama pengamatan peneliti semasa PLK di SMK 2 Sawahlunto, pembelajaran cenderung kaku dan kurangnya variasi dalam model pembelajaran. Metode yang dipakai yakni Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK)). Pelaksanaan penelitian ini berpusat kepada penerapan model Blended Learning pada kelas X Teknik Pemesinan 3 di SMK Negeri 2 Sawahlunto dengan subjek penelitian sebanyak 27 siswa. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh, persentase kreativitas belajar siswa pada siklus I sebesar 60,03%, meningkat di siklus0II menjadi 80,2% dengan kategori tercapai. Peningkatan hasil belajar juga terjadi peningkatan, siklus I klasikal yang didapat ialah 66,6%, dan pada siklus II meningkat sebesar 84,3% yang dikategorikan tercapai. Dilihat dari hasil pengamatan yang dilakukan sebelum tindakan, permasalahan yang ditemukan sesuai dengan pengamatan peneliti ketika PLK kurangnya minat belajar dan hasil belajar siswa yang belum tercapai KKM, untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut peneliti mencoba pengenalan model pembelajaran Blended Learning. Dengan harapan bisa dijadikan acuan dalam meningkatkan kreativitas dan hasil belajar untuk mata pelajaran Pekerjaan Dasar Teknik Mesin (PDTM) di kelas X Teknik Pemesinan 3 SMK Negeri 2 Sawahlunto. Sehingga diartikan dengan menerapkanomodel pembelajaran Blended Learning dapat meningkatkan kreativitas dan hasil belajar siswa.