bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extramedullary hematopoiesis in gastric wall under early gastric cancer in a man with a myeloproliferative disorder: a case report
Authors: Kimura Dai , Nakayama Jun , Hanaoka Takaomi , Muraki Takashi , Takeoka Yasunobu , Nakamura Reina , Nakamura Ayako , Takahata Shugo , Ishizaka Naoki , Motoyama Hiroaki 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) is the proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells outside the bone marrow and often observed in the liver, spleen in association with myeloproliferative disorders. On the other hand, EMH in the gastric wall is extremely rare. We report a rare case of EMH foci coexisting with early gastric cancer, which resulted in severe gastrointestinal bleeding. A 70-year-old male was diagnosed with myelofibrosis 4 years ago and visited our emergency room with a complaint of hematemesis and tarry stools. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed three early-stage gastric cancers in the lower gastric body and antrum, and biopsy was performed. Persistent bleeding at the biopsy site of the hypogastric lesion led to the consideration of surgical intervention. An open distal gastrectomy was performed. Postoperative histopathological examination revealed the tumor of the lower gastric body had EMH foci associated with myelofibrosis.
DIRECTIVE CLINIQUE CONJOINTE DE LA SOGC ET DE LA SCP
Authors: McDonald Sarah D , Narvey Michael , Ehman William , Jain Venu , Cassell Krista 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objectif
Évaluer l’effet du clampage retardé du cordon et de la traite du cordon ombilical sur les risques de mortalité et de morbidité maternelles et néonatales en contexte de grossesses monofœtale ou gémellaire.

Population cible
Femmes enceintes dont la grossesse monofœtale ou gémellaire est à terme ou avant terme.

Bénéfices, risques et coûts
Chez les prématurés de grossesse monofœtale, le clampage retardé de 60 à 120 secondes idéalement, mais d’au moins 30 secondes, réduit le risque de mortalité et de morbidité. Chez les jumeaux prématurés, le clampage retardé est associé à certains bénéfices. Chez les nourrissons de grossesse monofœtale à terme, le clampage retardé de 60 secondes améliore les paramètres hématologiques. Chez les grands prématurés, la traite du cordon ombilical augmente le risque d’hémorragie intraventriculaire.

Données probantes
Une recherche a été effectuée au moyen des bases de données Medline, PubMed, Embase et Cochrane Library, de leur création jusqu’à mars 2020, à partir de termes MeSH et de mot-clés liés au clampage retardé du cordon et à la traite du cordon ombilical. Le présent document est un résumé des données probantes et non pas une revue méthodologique.

Méthodes de validation
Les auteurs ont évalué la qualité des données probantes et la force des recommandations en utilisant le cadre méthodologique d’évaluation, de développement et d’évaluation (GRADE). Voir l’annexe A en ligne (tableau A1 pour les définitions et tableau A2 pour l’interprétation des recommandations fortes et conditionnelles [faibles]).
Relationship between Housing Characteristics and Care Outcomes among Women Living with HIV: Latent Class Analysis
Authors: Fernandez Sofia B , Sheehan Diana M , Dawit Rahel , Brock-Getz Petra , Ladner Robert A , Trepka Mary Jo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Housing plays a critical role in the care outcomes of individuals living with a HIV, yet few studies have examined the unique housing profiles of women living with HIV (WLH), especially among those belonging to low-income racial/ethnic minority groups. In this study, authors conducted a latent class analysis to generate latent profiles of women (N = 1,501) according to their housing status and household characteristics and assessed associations between classes and sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics and between classes and three HIV care outcomes: retention in care, viral suppression, and sustained viral suppression. A three-class model was selected using five dichotomized housing indicators: housing status, head of household status, living with minors, living with another adult, and disclosure of HIV status to adults with whom they live. While class 1 and class 2 had comparable HIV care outcomes, women in class 3—who were predominately unstably housed, living alone, and did not disclose their HIV status with those with whom they lived—had significantly lower crude odds of successful care outcomes. When accounting for sociodemographic and behavioral factors, significant differences in retention in care persisted. Findings underscore the need for tailored interventions for subgroups of low-income WLH and provide contextual details around the role of housing experiences.
Reach, acceptability, and perceived success of a telehealth diabetes prevention program among racially and ethnically diverse patients with gestational diabetes: the GEM cluster-randomized trial
Authors: Brown Susan D , Hedderson Monique M , Gordon Nancy , Albright Cheryl L , Tsai Ai-Lin , Quesenberry Charles P , Ferrara Assiamira 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Patients with gestational diabetes mellitus and from racial/ethnic minority groups face disproportionate risk for type 2 diabetes. Lifestyle interventions, if accessible and acceptable to diverse patients, could advance diabetes prevention and mitigate racial/ethnic disparities. Here we describe overall and race/ethnicity-specific reach, acceptability, and perceived success from an effective telehealth diabetes prevention lifestyle program for patients with gestational diabetes mellitus, implemented in the Gestational Diabetes Effects on Moms (GEM) cluster-randomized controlled trial. GEM tested a program of 13 telephone sessions and behavior change techniques (BCTs, e.g., goal setting) in a healthcare system. We evaluated participation (completing ≥1 session), acceptability of BCTs, and perceived success reaching program goals. Among 1,087 patients (75.2% from minority groups), 50.3% participated. Participation rates were 61.7% among Black, 56.4% among Hispanic, 55.6% among multiracial/other, 53.0% among White, and 43.7% among Asian/Pacific Islander patients. Evaluation survey respondents (n = 433/547; 79.2%) largely rated BCTs as very helpful (range 40.9%–58.4%) or moderately helpful (27.3%–34.9%). Respondents from minority groups largely rated goal setting for weight management as very or moderately helpful, with fewer minority respondents rating it as only a little/not at all helpful than White respondents (p = .02). Black and White respondents reported more limited success reaching a healthy weight than Asian/Pacific Islander, Hispanic, and multiracial/other women (p = .005). A telehealth diabetes prevention lifestyle program demonstrated reach and acceptability across racial/ethnic groups. While perceived success can be improved among Black and White participants, such programs could promote access to preventive care and help mitigate disparities in diabetes risk.
Eye Tracking Metrics Differences among Uninjured Adolescents and Those with Acute or Persistent Post-Concussion Symptoms
Authors: Jain Divya , Arbogast Kristy B. , McDonald Catherine C. , Podolak Olivia E. , Margulies Susan S. , Metzger Kristina B. , Howell David R. , Scheiman Mitchell M. , Master Christina L. 
Published: July 2022

SIGNIFICANCE
Eye tracking assessments that include pupil metrics can supplement current clinical assessments of vision and autonomic dysfunction in concussed adolescents.

PURPOSE
This study aimed to explore the utility of a 220-second eye tracking assessment in distinguishing eye position, saccadic movement, and pupillary dynamics among uninjured adolescents, those with acute post-concussion symptoms (≤28 days since concussion), or those with persistent post-concussion symptoms (>28 days since concussion).

METHODS
Two hundred fifty-six eye tracking metrics across a prospective observational cohort of 180 uninjured adolescents recruited from a private suburban high school and 224 concussed adolescents, with acute or persistent symptoms, recruited from a tertiary care subspecialty concussion care program, 13 to 17 years old, from August 2017 to June 2021 were compared. Kruskal-Wallis tests were used, and Bonferroni corrections were applied to account for multiple comparisons and constructed receiver operating characteristic curves. Principal components analysis and regression models were applied to determine whether eye tracking metrics can augment clinical and demographic information in differentiating uninjured controls from concussed adolescents.

RESULTS
Two metrics of eye position were worse in those with concussion than uninjured adolescents, and only one metric was significantly different between acute cases and persistent cases. Concussed adolescents had larger left and right mean, median, minimum, and maximum pupil size than uninjured controls. Concussed adolescents had greater differences in mean, median, and variance of left and right pupil size. Twelve metrics distinguished female concussed participants from uninjured; only four were associated with concussion status in males. A logistic regression model including clinical and demographics data and transformed eye tracking metrics performed better in predicting concussion status than clinical and demographics data alone.

CONCLUSIONS
Objective eye tracking technology is capable of quickly identifying vision and pupillary disturbances after concussion, augmenting traditional clinical concussion assessments. These metrics may add to existing clinical practice for monitoring recovery in a heterogeneous adolescent concussion population.
Altered adipose tissue macrophage populations in people with HIV on integrase inhibitor-containing ART
Authors: Vakili Sarah , Paneru Bam , Guerrier Cleandre M. , Miller Jessica , Baumrin Emily , Forrestel Amy , Lynn Kenneth , Frank Ian , Lo Re Vincent , Collman Ronald G. , Hill David A. 
Published: July 2022

Objective:
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) extends the life of people with HIV (PWH), but these individuals are at increased risk for obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. These comorbidities may be a consequence of HIV-related chronic inflammation and/or adverse effects of ART on tissue regulatory adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs). We sought to determine the effects of HIV/ART on metabolically beneficial ATM populations and functions.

Design:
We examined subcutaneous ATMs from PWH on integrase inhibitor-containing ART (n = 5) and uninfected persons (n = 9). We complemented these studies with ex vivo and in vitro analyses of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and murine macrophage lipid metabolism and fatty acid oxidation gene expression.

Methods:
ATM populations were examined by flow cytometry. Macrophage lipid metabolism and fatty acid oxidation gene expression were examined by Seahorse assay and quantitative PCR.

Results:
Adipose tissue from PWH had reduced populations of metabolically activated CD9+ ATMs compared to that of uninfected controls (P < 0.001). PBMCs of PWH had lower fatty acid metabolism compared to those of uninfected controls (P < 0.01). Analysis of murine macrophages revealed that dolutegravir reduced lipid metabolism (P < 0.001) and increased expression of the fatty acid beta-oxidation enzyme enoyl-CoA hydratase, short chain 1 (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
We report the loss of metabolically beneficial ATM populations in PWH on ART, altered fatty acid metabolism of blood immune cells, and evidence that dolutegravir alters macrophage fatty acid metabolism. Future studies should examine direct or indirect effects and mechanisms of dolutegravir, and other integrase inhibitors and ART classes, on fatty acid beta-oxidation.

Graphical Abstract:

http://links.lww.com/QAD/C537.
Impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on prescriptions for antiretroviral drugs for HIV treatment in the United States, 2019–2021
Authors: Zhu Weiming , Huang Ya-lin A. , Wiener Jeffrey , Neblett-Fanfair Robyn , Kourtis Athena P. , Hall H. Irene , Hoover Karen W. 
Published: July 2022

Objective:
To assess disruption in healthcare services for HIV treatment by national emergency in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in the United States.

Design:
Time-series analysis

Methods:
We analyzed the IQVIA Real World Data–Longitudinal Prescriptions Database and calculated time trends in the weekly number of persons with active antiretroviral prescriptions for HIV treatment, and of persons who obtained antiretroviral prescriptions during January 2017–March 2021. We used interrupted time-series models to estimate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on antiretroviral therapy (ART) use between March 2020 and March 2021.

Results:
We found that the weekly number of persons with active antiretroviral prescriptions decreased by an average 2.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: −3.8% to −1.1%), compared to predicted use, during March 2020 through March 2021. The weekly number of persons who obtained antiretroviral prescriptions decreased 4.5% (95% CI: −6.0% to −3.0%), compared to the predicted number. Men, persons aged ≤34 years, privately insured persons, and persons in medication assistance programs had greater decreases than other groups.

Conclusions:
We demonstrated a decrease in the number of persons with active antiretroviral prescriptions during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic and the number did not return to levels expected in the absence of the pandemic. Disruptions in HIV care and decreased ART may lead to lower levels of viral suppression and immunologic control, and increased HIV transmission in the community.
Immunocompromised host section: Adoptive T-cell therapy for dsDNA viruses in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant recipients
Authors: Walti Carla S. , Stuehler Claudia , Palianina Darya , Khanna Nina 
Published: July 2022

Purpose of review
Double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses remain important causes of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). As treatment options are limited, adoptive therapy with virus-specific T cells (VST) is promising in restoring immunity and thereby preventing and treating virus infections. Here we review current evidence and recent advances in the field of VST for dsDNA viruses in allogeneic HCT recipients.

Recent findings
Four different protocols for VST generation are currently used in clinical trials, and various products including multivirus-specific and off-the-shelf products are under investigation for prophylaxis, preemptive therapy or treatment. Data from nearly 1400 dsDNA-VST applications in allogeneic HCT patients have been published and demonstrated its safety. Although Epstein–Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, and adenovirus-specific T-cell therapy studies have predominated over the past 25 years, additional human herpes viruses were added to multivirus-specific T cells over the last decade and clinical evidence for polyomavirus-specific VST has just recently emerged. Response rates of around 70–80% have been reported, but cautious interpretation is warranted as data are predominantly from phase 1/2 studies and clinical efficacy needs to be confirmed in phase 3 studies.

Summary
Investigation on the ‘ideal’ composition of VST is ongoing. Several products recently entered phase 3 trials and may allow widespread clinical use in the near future.
Odor Enrichment Attenuates the Anesthesia/Surgery-induced Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Zhang Ce , Han Yuan , Liu Xiaojun , Tan Hong , Dong Yuanlin , Zhang Yiying , Liang Feng , Zheng Hui , Crosby Gregory , Culley Deborah J. , Marcantonio Edward R. , Shen Yuan , Cao Jun-Li , Xie Zhongcong 
Published: July 2022

Objective:To determine the association between olfactory function and cognition in patients and rodents.Background:Perioperative neurocognitive disorders include delayed neurocognitive recovery (dNCR). The contribution of olfactory function to dNCR remains undetermined. It is unknown whether odor enrichment could mitigate dNCR.Methods:We performed a prospective observational cohort study to determine potential association between olfactory impairment and dNCR in patients. We assessed the effects of anesthesia/surgery on olfactory and cognitive function in mice using the block test and Barnes maze. We measured interleukin-6 (IL-6), olfactory mature protein, growth-associated protein 43, mature and premature olfactory neurons, postsynaptic density 95, and synaptophysin in blood, nasal epithelium, and hippocampus of mice. Odor enrichment, IL-6 antibody, and knockout of IL-6 were used in the interaction experiments.Results:Patients with dNCR had worse odor identification than the patients without dNCR [preoperative: 7 (1.25, 9) vs 10 (8, 11), median (interquartile range),P<0.001; postoperative: 8 (2.25, 10) vs 10 (8, 11),P<0.001]. Olfactory impairment associated with dNCR in patients before and after adjusting age, sex, education, preoperative mini-mental state examination score, and days of the neuropsychological tests. Anesthesia/surgery induced olfactory and cognitive impairment, increased levels of IL-6 in blood and nasal epithelium, decreased amounts of olfactory receptor neurons and their markers in the nasal epithelium, and reduced amounts of synapse markers in the hippocampus of mice. These changes were attenuated by odor enrichment and IL-6 antibody.Conclusion:The anesthesia/surgery-induced olfactory impairment may contribute to dNCR in patients and postoperative cognitive impairment in mice. Odor enrichment could be a potential intervention.
Relevance of Anti-HLA Antibody Strength Underestimation in Single Antigen Bead Assay for Shared Eplets
Authors: Claisse Guillaume , Devriese Magali , Lion Julien , Maillard Nicolas , Caillat-Zucman Sophie , Mooney Nuala , Taupin Jean Luc 
Published: July 2022

Background.HLAs contain combinations of multiple eplets, sometimes shared between numerous HLA alleles. Some authors suggested that single antigen bead (SAB) assays may underestimate the signal of anti-HLA antibodies (Ab) when several beads share the targeted eplet. However, this assumption has not yet been validated experimentally.Methods.We selected 5 eplets shared by 1–24 beads of the routine SAB kits: the eplet 163LS/G; the 3 eplets 127K, 62GE, and 62GRN thereafter called cross-reactive group 2C; the 82LR eplet, well-known as Bw4; the locally called QB2A5 eplet associated with the DQA1*05:01/DQB1*02:01 combination; and the 40GR DQ eplet. We selected a dozen of sera for each eplet with Ab mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) between 1000 and 15 000 for the beads carrying the targeted eplet. We tested them with the classical SAB panel (SABp), with an isolated bead carrying the eplet (isolated SAB [SABi]) and with a mixture of both (SABp+i).Results.No significant difference in MFI was detected among SABi, SABp, and SABp+i conditions for all the eplets.Conclusions.We noticed only a nonsignificant difference in the Ab MFI signal due to eplet sharing on the SAB assay. We, therefore, conclude that this phenomenon should no longer be considered as a significant risk factor during patient follow-up pre- or posttransplantation.
Anti-plane waves in an elastic thin strip with surface energy
Authors: Mikhasev G. I. , Botogova M. G. , Eremeyev V. A. 
Published: July 2022

We consider anti-plane motions of an elastic plate taking into account surface energy within the linear Gurtin–Murdoch surface elasticity. Two boundary-value problems are considered that describe complete shear dynamics of a plate with free faces or with free and clamped faces, respectively. These problems correspond to anti-plane dynamics of an elastic film perfectly or non-perfectly attached to a rigid substrate. Detailed analysis of dispersion relations is provided. In particular, the influence of the ratio of a plate thickness to characteristic length on the dispersion curves is analysed.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Wave generation and transmission in multi-scale complex media and structured metamaterials (part 1)’.
Hamiltonian/Stroh formalism for anisotropic media with microstructure
Authors: Nobili Andrea , Radi Enrico 
Published: July 2022

From variational principles we develop the Hamiltonian formalism for generally anisotropic microstructured materials, in an attempt to extend the celebrated Stroh formulation. Microstructure is expressed through the indeterminate (or Mindlin–Tiersten) theory of couple-stress elasticity. The resulting canonical formalism appears in the form of a differential algebraic system of equations, which is then recast in purely differential form. This structure is due to the internal constraint that relates the micro- to the macro-rotation. The special situations of plane and antiplane deformations are also considered, and they both lead to a seven-dimensional coupled linear system of differential equations. In particular, the antiplane problem shows remarkable similarity to the theory of anisotropic plates, with which it shares the Lagrangian. Yet, unlike for plates, a classical Stroh formulation cannot be obtained, owing to the difference in the constitutive assumptions. Nonetheless, the canonical formalism brings new insight into the problem’s structure and highlights important symmetry properties.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Wave generation and transmission in multi-scale complex media and structured metamaterials (part 1)’.
Race, class, and place modify mortality rates for the top 12 causes of death in the United States, 1999-2021
Authors: Formanack Allison , Doshi Ayush , Valdez Rupa , Williams Ishan , Moorman J Randall , Chernyavskiy Pavel 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo disarticulate the associations of race (whiteness), class (socioeconomic status), and place (county) with risk of cause-specific death in the US.MethodsWe studied mortality in US counties for 11 causes of death (1999-2019) and COVID-19 (2020-2021). We adjusted for race and age using the American Community Survey and socioeconomic status using the Area Deprivation Index. Bayesian regressions with spatial county effects were estimated for inference.ResultsCounty whiteness and socioeconomic status modified death rates; geospatial effects differed by cause of death. Other factors equal, a 20% increase in county whiteness was associated with 5-8% increase in death from three causes and 4-15% reduction in death from others, including COVID-19. Other factors equal, advantaged counties had significantly lower death rates, even when juxtaposed with disadvantaged ones. Geospatial patterns of residual risk varied by cause of death. For example, cancer and heart disease death rates were better explained by age, socioeconomic status, and county whiteness than were COVID-19 and suicide deaths.ConclusionsThere are important independent contributions from race, class, and geography to risk of death in the US.