bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The H3K9me2‐binding protein AGDP3 limits DNA methylation and transcriptional gene silencing in Arabidopsis
Authors: Zhou Xuelin , Wei Mengwei , Nie Wenfeng , Xi Yue , Peng Li , Zheng Qijie , Tang Kai , Satheesh Viswanathan , Wang Yuhua , Luo Jinyan , Du Xuan , Liu Rui , Yang Zhenlin , La Honggui , Zhong Yingli , Yang Yu , Zhu Jian‐Kang , Du Jiamu , Lei Mingguang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDNA methylation, a conserved epigenetic mark, is critical for tuning temporal and spatial gene expression. The Arabidopsis thaliana DNA glycosylase/lyase REPRESSOR OF SILENCING 1 (ROS1) initiates active DNA demethylation and is required to prevent DNA hypermethylation at thousands of genomic loci. However, how ROS1 is recruited to specific loci is not well understood. Here, we report the discovery of Arabidopsis AGENET Domain Containing Protein 3 (AGDP3) as a cellular factor that is required to prevent gene silencing and DNA hypermethylation. AGDP3 binds to H3K9me2 marks in its target DNA via its AGD12 cassette. Analysis of the crystal structure of the AGD12 cassette of AGDP3 in complex with an H3K9me2 peptide revealed that dimethylated H3K9 and unmodified H3K4 are specifically anchored into two different surface pockets. A histidine residue located in the methyllysine binding aromatic cage provides AGDP3 with pH‐dependent H3K9me2 binding capacity. Our results uncover a molecular mechanism for the regulation of DNA demethylation by the gene silencing mark H3K9me2.
Construction and validation of Rejection Sensitive Expectation, Perception, and Reaction Questionnaire—Partner (RSEPR‐P)
Authors: Natarajan Gitanjali , Prasad Aswathi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Rejection Sensitive Expectation, Perception, and Reaction Questionnaire—Partner (RSEPR‐P) was developed to assess rejection expectation, perception of rejection, and reactions to perceived rejection among intimate partners. This article details the construction and validation procedures, including item pool generation, factor analysis, and the estimation of reliability and validity. The researchers examined the psychometric properties of RSEPR‐P in a community sample of 151 participants. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with the final 24 items suggested four‐factor loading with each subscale loading on a separate factor. The subscales had good to excellent internal consistency. In support of the convergent validity, RSEPR‐P exhibited robust correlations with rejection sensitivity‐personal, mindfulness, marital adjustment, and self‐esteem measures. A 6‐month test–retest reliability was established. RSEPR‐P is proposed to have potential therapeutic and research utility.
Differences by sexual orientation in romantic relationship attitudes and skills among adolescents
Authors: Perry Nicholas S. , Huntington Charlie , Rhoades Galena K. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study examined differences by sexual orientation in romantic relationship and marriage attitudes, and relationship skills, among a large, diverse sample of high school youth.BackgroundThe romantic relationships of sexual minority youth have been understudied, particularly factors related to their relationship quality, such as attitudes and skills. Sweeping changes in social and legal equality (e.g., same‐sex marriage) have promoted a paradigm shift in relationship possibilities for sexual minority youth.MethodsData were drawn from the baseline survey of a study of school‐based relationship education for adolescents. Adolescents (N = 979) completed a self‐report survey of their demographics, attitudes regarding romantic relationships and marriage, and their romantic relationship skills. Regression models examined differences by sexual orientation identity in relationship outcomes, controlling for relevant demographics.ResultsSixteen percent of youth identified as sexual minority. Sexual minority youth, relative to heterosexual youth, did not differ in their attitudes regarding qualities of healthy romantic relationships. However, sexual minority youth endorsed less traditional views of marriage and held less traditional expectations of marriage for themselves. They also perceived themselves to have fewer romantic relationship skills than heterosexual youth.ConclusionsToday's sexual minority youth hold less traditional views of marriage as a future for themselves, although legalized same‐sex marriage is now available. They perceived themselves as less skilled in romantic relationships, which are critical in adolescence for social and emotional development. Scientific efforts are needed to understand contributors to these differences and inform evidence‐based practices to support strong, healthy romantic bonds for all teens.
Digital gravity? Firm birth and relocation patterns of young digital firms in Germany
Authors: Hellwig Vanessa 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper analyses the spatial patterns of young (<10 years) digital firms in Germany between 2008 and 2017 on county level. Determinants of firm birth locations as well as relocations are considered jointly to understand differences in location choices within firms' life cycles. I match commercial register data of 107,321 firms with county‐level administrative data to capture local characteristics. Using an OLS model with fixed effects, I find that the local knowledge base—that is, universities, research institutes, and colocated incumbents—are significant key determinants of digital firm birth when controlling for a host of local characteristics. My results indicate that for five firms per 1000 inhabitants, there is around one firm birth. Second, using a fixed effects gravity model for the analysis of relocations, I find that the most dominant explanatory factor for firm relocation across specifications is distance, that is, relocation costs. Relocation flows are more than twice as high to neighboring counties relative to other locations which shows that digital firms are not as footloose as their business model may suggest. Jointly, my results reflect economic activity's regional persistence, particularly for new firms. My paper provides evidence for policies targeting homogenous digital clusters based on strong colocation and that digital economic activity is not shifted over long distances, but the regional entrepreneurship capital is crucial for local growth.
Strategic climate policy with endogenous plant location: The role of border carbon adjustments
Authors: Elboghdadly Noha , Finus Michael 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCarbon leakage and the relocation of firms is one of the main concerns of governments when choosing their climate policy. In a strategic trade model with endogenous plant location, we study the effect of border carbon adjustments (BCAs) on global welfare and emissions in an emission tax competition game between two asymmetric countries for two games: a simultaneous and a sequential game. Without BCAs, a ruinous “race to the bottom” with no relocation of firms is the only Nash equilibrium in a simultaneous game. In a sequential game, additionally, a “wise chicken” equilibrium may emerge where the Stackelberg leader gives in, letting all his/her plants relocate to avoid being stuck at the bottom. With BCAs, equilibrium emission taxes in both countries are higher, implying lower global emissions and usually higher global welfare in both games. With BCAs, the environmental more concerned country accepts that its firm partially relocates abroad, as it is rewarded with better control of global emissions, tariff revenues and higher net profits (profits minus taxes). This avoids high environmental damages and that either net profits are zero because of high subsidy levels in a “race to the bottom” or because all production plants have moved abroad.
Effect of relative humidity, storage days, and packaging on pecan kernel texture: Analyses and modeling
Authors: Prabhakar Himanshu , Kerr William L. , Bock Clive H. , Kong Fanbin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe studies expounding on the effects of storage conditions on texture changes are limited. The researchers have been proposing methods to measure pecan texture instrumentally. But current protocols and/or attributes fail to address huge variability during experimentation. Additionally, there are no predictive models to estimate changes in pecan texture during storage. This study addresses all the above concerns and investigates the effects of different relative humidity (RH, 30–90%) and packaging material (Polyethylene‐Nylon [PEN], polypropylene [PP], low density polyethylene [LDPE], and metallic laminates [ML]) on pecan texture, introducing a rift ratio (F/H or fracturability to hardness ratio) to address variability in the data and predictive model to estimate changes in the textural attribute of pecans during storage. The textural analysis was conducted on pecan cores and intact pecans to measure the area under curve, fracturability, hardness, cohesiveness, chewiness, springiness, and rift ratio. It was observed that values for the rift ratio obtained using the intact pecan method had high R2 (0.72) as compared to the rest of the textural attributes. A three‐parameter logistic model was employed to predict pecan texture during storage. The pecans stored at 75, 80, and 90% reached the rift ratio (F/H) of 0.5 at approx. 115, 3, and 0.15 days (~ 4 hr), respectively. Similarly, pecans stored in LDPE, PP, and PEN packs at 80% reached rift ratio (F/H) of 0.5 at approx. 26, 57, and 78 days, respectively. The presence of any kind of package delayed fracturability loss by at least eight folds at 80% RH. The pecans stored in ML did not experience a significant change in textural attributes
The influence of household structure and composition on the introduction of solid, semisolid and soft foods among children aged 6–8 months: An analysis based on Ethiopia Demographic and Health Surveys
Authors: Irenso Asnake Ararsa , Zheng Miaobing , Campbell Karen J. , Chamberlain Dan , Laws Rachel 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe early and late introduction of complementary food, both prevalent in Ethiopia, are associated with morbidities, growth faltering and developmental risks in children. The interhousehold network around the primary caregiver's intrahousehold network is critical in influencing the age of introducing complementary foods. This study examined the influence of household composition and structures on complementary food introduction. This is a secondary data analysis of four Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys conducted between 2000 and 2016. The household structure and composition variables were calculated from household members' kinship status and attribute, respectively. The introduction of solid, semisolid or soft foods was dichotomised as whether the children within 6 to 8 months have been given complementary foods. Multivariable logistic regression with adjustment for the primary caregiver and household characteristics was run to examine the associations between household structure and composition variables and the introduction of complementary foods. The marginal effects (ME) were calculated to facilitate the practical interpretation of the study findings. Large households (>3 nonredundant contacts) with extended family or unrelated people (high effective size, ME = 6.01%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −8.53, −3.49) lowered the proportion of children starting food within the recommended 6–8 months. Households with close kins (high constraint) (ME = 7.22%, 95% CI: −13.65, 28.09) and greater age diversity (ME = 0.65%, 95% CI: 0.15, 1.15) increased the proportion of children receiving complementary food at an appropriate age. This study revealed that interhousehold structure and composition influence the age of introduction of complementary foods. These factors, therefore, need to be considered in designing interventions to improve age at the introduction of complementary foods.
Cell‐intrinsic melanin fails to protect melanocytes from ultraviolet‐mutagenesis in the absence of epidermal melanin
Authors: Weiss Tirzah J. , Crawford Emma R. , Posada Valentina , Rahman Hafeez , Liu Tong , Murphy Brandon M. , Arnold Tiffany E. , Gray Shannon , Hu Zhexuan , Hennessey Rebecca C. , Yu Lianbo , D'Orazio John A. , Burd Craig J. , Zippin Jonathan H. , Grossman Douglas , Burd Christin E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMelanin is a free‐radical scavenger, antioxidant, and broadband absorber of ultraviolet (UV) radiation which protects the skin from environmental carcinogenesis. However, melanin synthesis and UV‐induced reactive melanin species are also implicated in melanocyte genotoxicity. Here, we attempted to reconcile these disparate functions of melanin using a UVB‐sensitive, NRAS‐mutant mouse model, TpN. We crossed TpN mice heterozygous for an inactivating mutation in Tyrosinase to produce albino and black littermates on a C57BL/6J background. These animals were then exposed to a single UVB dose on postnatal day three when keratinocytes in the skin have yet to be melanized. Approximately one‐third (35%) of black mice were protected from UVB‐accelerated tumor formation. However, melanoma growth rates, tumor mutational burdens, and gene expression profiles were similar in melanomas from black and albino mice. Skin from albino mice contained more cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) positive cells than black mice 1‐h post‐irradiation. However, this trend gradually reversed over time with CPDs becoming more prominent in black than albino melanocytes at 48 h. These results show that in the absence of epidermal pigmentation, melanocytic melanin limits the tumorigenic effects of acute UV exposure but fails to protect melanocytes from UVB‐induced mutagenesis.
Neurological post‐acute sequelae of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
Authors: Takao Masaki , Ohira Masayuki 
Published: September 2022

The novel coronavirus disease 19 (COVID‐19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), can have two phases: acute (generally 4 weeks after onset) and chronic (>4 weeks after onset). Both phases include a wide variety of signs and symptoms including neurological and psychiatric symptoms. The signs and symptoms that are considered sequelae of COVID‐19 are termed post‐COVID condition, long COVID‐19, and post‐acute sequelae of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection (PASC). PASC symptoms include fatigue, dyspnea, palpitation, dysosmia, subfever, hypertension, alopecia, sleep problems, loss of concentration, amnesia, numbness, pain, gastrointestinal symptoms, depression, and anxiety. Because the specific pathophysiology of PASC has not yet been clarified, there are no definite criteria of the condition, hence the World Health Organization's definition is quite broad. Consequently, it is difficult to correctly diagnose PASC. Approximately 50% of patients may show at least one PASC symptom up to 12 months after COVID‐19 infection; however, the exact prevalence of PASC has not been determined. Despite extensive research in progress worldwide, there are currently no clear diagnostic methodologies or treatments for PASC. In this review, we discuss the currently available information on PASC and highlight the neurological sequelae of COVID‐19 infection. Furthermore, we provide clinical suggestions for diagnosing and caring for patients with PASC based on our outpatient clinic experience.
The legal components of benefit‐sharing in transboundary watercourses: An analysis of China's approach
Authors: Huang Xisheng , Devlaeminck David J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTransboundary water resources are governed under the rules of equitable and reasonable utilization and the due diligence obligation not to cause significant harm, widely recognized as customary international law. In meeting their obligations, States could allocate water resources between riparian States, but they may also share the benefits of utilization. Although not well defined, benefit‐sharing has received significant attention around the world, particularly in China, a primarily upstream State that prefers bilateral agreements and soft law instruments. This article explores benefit‐sharing through its base legal components, analysing China's transboundary water treaties and instruments to determine if they can act as a foundation for benefit‐sharing, while drawing out lessons for implementing benefit‐sharing globally.
Application of mevalonolactone prevents deterioration of epidermal barrier function by accelerating the lamellar granule lipid transport system
Authors: Chen Bin , Lu Nan , Lee KeeSuh , Ye Lei , Hasegawa Chiho , Maeda Kazuhisa 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundFatty acids increase ATP‐binding cassette ABC transporter A12 (ABCA12) levels via an increase in peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor β/δ (PPAR β/δ). Promoting lipid transport to lamellar granules has been suggested to improve epidermal barrier function in patients with dry skin.ObjectiveWe investigated whether mevalonolactone (MVL) produced by Saccharomycopsis fibuligera improves dry skin by promoting ABCA12 expression and the amount of free fatty acids in epidermal keratinocytes.MethodsWe examined whether MVL increases ABCA12 mRNA and protein levels and the amount of Nile red‐positive lipids in cultured epidermal keratinocytes and in a three‐dimensional epidermal model by cell staining. Promotion of fatty acid production by MVL was analyzed by liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry. We also evaluated whether MVL addition increases PPAR β/δ mRNA expression in cultured keratinocytes. Based on the results, a randomized controlled trial was conducted in which milky lotions containing MVL and placebo were applied to dry facial skin of healthy female volunteers in winter.ResultsMVL increased ABCA12 mRNA and protein levels and lamellar granule number and size. Fatty acid analysis revealed that MVL elevated myristic acid, palmitic acid, and palmitoleic acid levels as well as PPAR β/δ mRNA expression. In human tests, milky lotions containing MVL were shown to significantly improve transepidermal water loss (TEWL) in the stratum corneum compared to placebo.ConclusionThe results suggest that MVL increases fatty acid uptake and ABCA12, promotes fatty acid transport to lamellar granules, and improves epidermal barrier function in dry skin through increased expression of PPAR β/δ.
The curse of knowledge when teaching statistics
Authors: Shatz Itamar 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWhen teaching statistics, educators sometimes overestimate their students' knowledge and abilities. This is due to the curse of knowledge, a cognitive bias that causes people—especially experts—to overestimate how likely others are to know and understand the same things as them. This can lead to various issues, including struggling to communicate with students, and making students feel less comfortable in the classroom. To address this, educators should first identify situations where this bias can affect their teaching. In doing so, they should consider relevant risk factors, and potentially also solicit feedback from relevant individuals. Then, educators can reduce this bias and its impact on their teaching by using techniques such as keeping the curse of knowledge and their audience in mind, assessing students' knowledge, assuming lack of knowledge unless there is strong evidence to the contrary, and avoiding saying that things are obvious.
Automated preparation of washed platelet concentrates through spinning‐membrane filtration
Authors: Mitsuhashi Hisako , Ochi Yosuke , Fuchizaki Akihiro , Ooba Ryuunosuke , Hayashi Tomoya , Horie Yoshinori , Kawamura Tomoko , Tanaka Mitsunobu , Takihara Yoshihiro , Shimogaki Kazushige , Kimura Takafumi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundWashed platelet concentrates (WPC), prepared with an automated system cell processor (ACP), have recently been approved to be manufactured and marketed in Japan. From the perspective of risk management, it is preferable to secure alternative technologies for ACP. Here, we conducted a study to evaluate the quality of WPC prepared using an automated membrane filtration‐based system, Lovo.Study design and methodsReplaced PCs prepared from apheresis PCs were equally divided into control and test units, and subsequently washed using ACP and Lovo respectively. Work and operational efficiencies were evaluated by in vitro analyses, including total handling time, platelet recovery, and plasma protein removal rate. Product quality, including a set of biochemical and physiological indicators of platelets and supernatants, were assessed before and 3 days after washing.ResultsIn vitro platelet recovery rates and plasma protein removal rates were >85% and >95%, respectively, in both groups. The pH values on day 0 were significantly high (6.97 vs. 6.86) due to low pCO2 in the test group, while no significant differences in glucose consumption and lactate production were observed between the two groups. The levels of hypotonic shock responses, aggregation response, platelet shape, CD62P expression, and sCD62P concentration were similar in both groups during the 3‐day storage period.ConclusionPlatelet washing with Lovo provides platelet quality equivalent to, or better than, conventional washing with ACP. Thus, the new automated system, Lovo, can be considered as an alternative to ACP for WPC preparation.
Unsteady Investigation of the Effect of Purge Air on the Flow Field Inside a Turbine Vane Frame Using Particle Image Velocimetry
Authors: Schien Malte , Hafizovic Asim , Planck Florian , Merli Filippo , Woisetschläger Jakob , Göttlich Emil 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Reducing greenhouse gas emissions and high fuel expenses motivates manufacturers to design more efficient aircraft engines. For directly driven jet engines, this is possible through increased by-pass ratios for high propulsive efficiencies. This implies a change in the operating condition of the low-pressure turbine (LPT) toward lower rotational speeds at larger diameters. Turbine vane frames (TVFs) guide the airflow from the high-pressure turbine (HPT) to the LPT in radial and circumferential direction. The TVF setup integrates turning vanes and thus removes the need for a vane blade row in the first LPT stage. Consequently, the TVF yields a benefit for overall engine weight and length, resulting in overall efficiency gains. Experimental measurements have been conducted at the two-spool test rig at the Graz University of Technology, consisting of a single-stage HPT, the TVF, and the first LPT rotor. Engine-relevant flow conditions are achieved at the TVF inlet, including HPT tip clearance and purge air effects. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) was used to capture the flow field in between two struts of the TVF upstream of the splitter vanes. Flow data in the area of strong transient interactions between the HPT and the TVF are recorded and discussed in terms of aerodynamic performance. To reveal the unsteady behavior of the fluid, the flow field has been recorded at six serial stator–rotor positions. Two data sets of varying HPT purge flows were obtained to characterize the effect of purge air inside the measurement domain.