bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of fibrosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a radiomic study on cardiac magnetic resonance cine imaging
Authors: Pu Cailing , Hu Xi , Lv Sangying , Wu Yan , Yu Feidan , Zhu Wenchao , Zhang Lingjie , Fei Jingle , He Chengbin , Ling Xiaoli , Wang Fuyan , Hu Hongjie 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) often requires repeated enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging to detect fibrosis. We aimed to develop a practical model based on cine imaging to help identify patients with high risk of fibrosis and screen out patients without fibrosis to avoid unnecessary injection of contrast.

Methods
A total of 273 patients with HCM were divided into training and test sets at a ratio of 7:3. Logistic regression analysis was used to find predictive image features to construct CMR model. Radiomic features were derived from the maximal wall thickness (MWT) slice and entire left ventricular (LV) myocardium. Extreme gradient boosting was used to build radiomic models. Integrated models were established by fusing image features and radiomic models. The model performance was validated in the test set and assessed by ROC and calibration curve and decision curve analysis (DCA).

Results
We established five prediction models, including CMR, R1 (based on the MWT slice), R2 (based on the entire LV myocardium), and two integrated models (ICMR+R1 and ICMR+R2). In the test set, ICMR+R2 model had an excellent AUC value (0.898), diagnostic accuracy (89.02%), sensitivity (92.54%), and F1 score (93.23%) in identifying patients with positive late gadolinium enhancement. The calibration plots and DCA indicated that ICMR+R2 model was well-calibrated and presented a better net benefit than other models.

Conclusions
A predictive model that fused image and radiomic features from the entire LV myocardium had good diagnostic performance, robustness, and clinical utility.

Key Points
• Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is prone to fibrosis, requiring patients to undergo repeated enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging to detect fibrosis over their lifetime follow-up.
• A predictive model based on the entire left ventricular myocardium outperformed a model based on a slice of the maximal wall thickness.
• A predictive model that fused image and radiomic features from the entire left ventricular myocardium had excellent diagnostic performance, robustness, and clinical utility.
A method to quantify the supersonic discharge of airbag cold gas inflators
Authors: Schnorr Eduard , Scholz Peter , Radespiel Rolf 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe discuss a method to quantify the supersonic discharge of airbag cold gas inflators. Since one primary quantity of interest, the mass flow with time, is not directly measurable, a combined experimental and numerical approach was chosen. Shadowgraph and schlieren images visualize the gas dynamic process. Pressure measurements were conducted inside the inflator and downstream of the outlets in the supersonic jet. In this context, a method to measure the pressure of the flow without effects of shock reflection is presented. The temperature inside the inflator was estimated using a fast response heat flux probe and assuming different scenarios for the unknown heat transfer coefficient. Then, a numerical model of the inflator was created. The experimental results served as boundary conditions and some basic sensitivities remaining unknown from the measurements were studied to verify the numerical outcome. The numerical model was verified using experimental results. Finally, the mass flow rate was derived from the numerical model and compared to an analytical model. The method can reconstruct the temporal evolution of the mass flow discharging from the inflator, the pressure and the topology of the flow field within acceptable bounds. Furthermore, the method can deliver inflow data for subsequent airbag inflation studies.Graphical abstract
Vitamin D genetic risk scores in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Kuri Ashvin , Vickaryous Nicola , Awad Amine , Jacobs Benjamin Meir , Dobson Ruth 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundLow serum 25(OH)D3(vD) is an environmental risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS). Lower vD levels during early disease may be associated with long-term disability. Determinants of serum vD levels in healthy individuals include supplementation behaviour and genetic factors. These determinants have been less well studied in people with MS (pwMS).MethodsWe developed a vD-weighted genetic risk score (GRS) and validated this in 373,357 UK Biobank participants without MS. We measured serum 25(OH)D3and genotyped six vD-associated SNPs (rs12785878, rs10741657, rs17216707, rs10745742, rs8018720, rs2282679) in a cohort of pwMS (n = 315) with age and geographically matched controls (n = 232). We then assessed predictors of serum vD concentration in this cohort.ResultsThe GRS was strongly associated with vD status in the Biobank cohort (p < 2 × 10–16). vD supplementation, having MS, lower BMI, increased age and supplementation dose were associated with higher vD levels (false discovery rate, FDR < 5%). In multivariable models adjusting for supplementation, BMI, age, sex, and MS status, the GRS was strongly associated with vD level (p = 0.004), but not in those who supplemented (p = 0.47).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that vD supplementation is the major determinant of vD level in pwMS, with genetic determinants playing a far smaller role.
Exercise capacity in a cohort of children with congenital heart disease
Authors: van Genuchten Wouter J. , Helbing Willem A. , Ten Harkel Arend D. J. , Fejzic Zina , MD Irene M. Kuipers , Slieker Martijn G. , van der Ven Jelle P. G. , Boersma Eric , Takken Tim , Bartelds Beatrijs 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn patients with congenital heart disease (CHD), reduced exercise capacity can be a predictor for late complications and may be used to guide interventions. Yet, the interpretation of exercise capacity is challenged by changes in body composition during growth. Our aim was to create an overview of disease-specific exercise capacity in children with CHD. We performed a multicentre retrospective study of exercise capacity of CHD patients, aged 6–18 years, tested between January 2001 and October 2018. Sex-specific distribution graphs were made using the LMS method and height to relate to body size. We included all CHD with N > 50, including severe defects (e.g., univentricular heart, tetralogy of Fallot) and “simple” lesions as ventricular septum defect and atrial septum defect. We included 1383 tests of 1208 individual patients for analysis. The peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak, 37.3 ml/min/kg (25th–75th percentile 31.3–43.8)) varied between specific defects; patients with univentricular hearts had lower VO2peak compared with other CHD. All groups had lower VO2peak compared to healthy Dutch children. Males had higher VO2peak, Wpeak and O2pulsepeak than females. Sex- and disease-specific distribution graphs for VO2peak, Wpeak and O2pulsepeak showed increase in variation with increase in height. Conclusion: Disease-specific distribution graphs for exercise capacity in children with CHD from a large multicentre cohort demonstrated varying degrees of reduced VO2peak and Wpeak. The distribution graphs can be used in the structured follow-up of patients with CHD to predict outcome and identify patients at risk.

What is Known:• Children with congenital heart disease (COnHD) are at risk to develop heart failure, arrhytmia’s and other complications. Exercise capacity may be an important predictor for outcome in children with ConHD. In children, the interpretation of exercise capacity poses an additional challenge related to physical changes during growth.

What is New:• In this report of a multi-center cohort >1300 childrewn with ConHD, we related the changes in exercise capacity to length. We demonstrated that exercise capacity was reduced as compared with healthy children and we observed variation between disease groups. Patients with a univentricular circulation (Fontan) had worse exercise capacity. We constructed disease specific charts of development of exercise capacity throughout childhood, accessible via a web-site. These graphs may help practitioner to guide children with ConHD.
A prognostic systemic inflammation score (SIS) in patients with advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Maßmann M. , Treckmann J. , Markus P. , Schumacher B. , Albers D. , Ting S. , Mende B. , Roehrle J. , Virchow I. , Rosery V. , Laue K. , Zaun G. , Kostbade K. , Pogorzelski M. , Schmid K. W. , Baba H. , Siveke J. T. , Paul A. , Schildhaus H. U. , Schuler M. , Wiesweg M. , Kasper S. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Systemic-inflammatory response parameters (SIR) are known prognostic markers in different tumour entities, but have not been evaluated in patients with iCCA treated with systemic chemotherapy. Therefore, we evaluated the impact of different SIR markers on the clinical course of patients with advanced iCCA treated at our center.

Methods
SIR markers were retrospectively evaluated in 219 patients with iCCA at the West-German-Cancer-Center Essen from 2014 to 2019. Markers included neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte/monocyte ratio (LMR), CRP, and the modified Glasgow-Prognostic-Score (mGPS), which were correlated with clinico-pathological findings, response to chemotherapy (ORR), progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) using Kaplan–Meier analyses, and Cox proportional models.

Results
Median overall survival (OS) of the entire cohort was 14.8 months (95% CI 11.2–24.4). Median disease-free survival (DFS) in 81 patients undergoing resection was 12.3 months (95% CI 9.7–23.1). The median OS from start of palliative CTX (OSpall) was 10.9 months (95% 9.4–14.6). A combined Systemic Inflammatory Score (SIS) comprising all evaluated SIR markers correlated significantly with ORR, PFS, and OSpall. Patients with a high SIS (≥ 2) vs. SIS 0 had a significantly inferior OSpall (HR 8.7 95% CI 3.71–20.38, p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis including known prognostic markers (ECOG, CA19-9, LDH, and N- and M-status) identified the SIS as an independent prognostic factor.

Conclusions
Inflammatory markers associate with inferior survival outcomes in patients with iCCA. A simple SIS may guide treatment decisions in patients treated with systemic chemotherapy.
Supportive therapies in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia and appropriate use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factors: a Delphi consensus statement
Authors: Adamo Vincenzo , Antonuzzo Lorenzo , Danova Marco , De Laurentiis Michelino , Marchetti Paolo , Pinto Carmine , Rosti Giovanni 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Purpose

Data indicate that the use of prophylactic granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (G-CSFs) for chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia (FN) in routine practice is not consistent with guideline recommendations. The initiative “supportive care for febrile neutropenia prevention and appropriateness of G-CFS use” was undertaken to address the issue of inappropriate prescription of G-CSFs and to improve guideline adherence in the treatment of FN.

Methods
In a two-round Delphi procedure, 36 medical oncologists reviewed clinically relevant recommendations on risk assessment, the appropriate use of G-CSFs, and the prevention of FN based on available literature and individual clinical expertise.

Results
The consensus was reached on 16 out of 38 recommendations, which are backed by evidence from randomised clinical trials and routine clinical practice. The medical oncologists agreed that the severity of neutropenia depends on patients’ characteristics and chemotherapy intensity, and therefore, the risk of severe neutropenia or FN should be assessed at each chemotherapy cycle so as to initiate prophylaxis with G-CSFs if required. The use of biosimilar G-CSFs, with similar efficacy and safety profiles to the originator biologic, has improved the availability and sustainability of cancer care. The timing of supportive therapy is crucial; for example, long-acting G-CSF should be administered 24–72 h after chemotherapy administration. Each biological agent has a recommended administration dose and duration, and it is important to follow these recommendations to avoid complications associated with under-prophylaxis.

Conclusion
It is hoped that these statements will help to increase adherence to guideline recommendations for appropriate G-CSF use and improve patient care.
Harmonic maps from surfaces of arbitrary genus into spheres
Authors: Assimos Renan , Jost Jürgen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe relate the existence problem of harmonic maps into $$S^2$$

S
2

to the convex geometry of $$S^2$$

S
2

. On one hand, this allows us to construct new examples of harmonic maps of degree 0 from compact surfaces of arbitrary genus into $$S^2$$

S
2

. On the other hand, we produce new examples of regions that do not contain closed geodesics (that is, harmonic maps from $$S^1$$

S
1

) but do contain images of harmonic maps from other domains. These regions can therefore not support a strictly convex functions. Our construction uses M. Struwe’s heat flow approach for the existence of harmonic maps from surfaces.
Influence of the indirect assimilation of radar reflectivity data using the ensemble Kalman filter on the simulation of a warm-sector squall line
Authors: Qiu Xuexing , Liu Chun , He Zhixin , Zheng Linlin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRadar data assimilation is an important method to improve the performance of numerical models in severe convective weather. In this study, the statistical relationships between the radar reflectivity intensity and the latent heat release intensity and humidity are calculated based on Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model forecast results. Then, they are used to convert the radar reflectivity observation data into the virtual observation of the temperature and humidity. Finally, these data are continuously assimilated to the initial field of the WRF model using the ensemble Kalman filter to simulate a warm-sector squall line process. The results show that the temperature and humidity in the strong radar echo area are adjusted after the radar reflectivity data are assimilated, and new convective echoes can be excited quickly in a short time. The indirect assimilation of the radar reflectivity data can effectively improve the forecast skills of both the warm-sector squall line and the influence time of the squall line. After the assimilation, the forecast results of the influence time of the squall line on the downstream regions are basically consistent with the observations. At the same time, the forecast skills of the squall line intensity and the surface gust intensity are improved. The forecast results of the experiments with different influence radii are all better than those without radar reflectivity assimilation. When the influence radius is smaller, the improvement lasts longer. When the influence radius is larger, the improvement is more significant in the now-casting period with a shorter duration. The simulation skill of this squall line is high with an influence radius of 25 km. In addition, the assimilation of the virtual observation of both the temperature and humidity can improve the forecast skill of the squall line, especially the virtual observation with the assimilation of the humidity.
Birth of a wild black howler monkey (Alouatta pigra) at an anthropogenic site
Authors: Cárdenas-Navarrete Anaid , Van Belle Sarie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe present the first description of a diurnal live birth of a wild black howler monkey (Alouatta pigra). The mother formed part of a group of five individuals inhabiting an anthropogenic setting in the tropical lowlands of southeast Mexico. A total of 7 h and 50 min passed from the rupture of the amniotic sac early in the day to the crowning of the infant from the birth canal. The delivery of the infant lasted ~ 3 min. We describe the event while referencing images and time points in a supplementary video recording. We place our findings in the context of the available reports of live births in the Alouatta genus, time of day, birth duration, and group activity budget on the day of the birth. While primates tend to give birth at night to reduce complications from group interactions, the observed birth took place during the day, which may have been possible due to an alteration in group time allocation. Our report provides in-depth details of the events of a birth and important information regarding the natural history of the black howler monkey.
NCX2 Regulates Intracellular Calcium Homeostasis and Translocation of HIF-1α into the Nucleus to Inhibit Glioma Invasion
Authors: Liu Hongyuan , Yu Ju , Yang Liling , He Pengcheng , Li Zongping 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGlioma is the most common tumor of the central nervous system, and its poor prognosis can be linked to hypoxia and gene inactivation. Na+/Ca2+exchanger 2 (NCX2) is expressed only in the normal brain and not in other tissues or glioma. We constructed a hypoxic microenvironment to more accurately understand the effect of NCX2 in glioma. Our previous experiments confirmed that NCX2 inhibited the growth of U87 cells in nude mice, indicating that NCX2 is a potential tumor suppressor gene. Malignant tumor cells are often exposed to an anoxic environment. To more accurately understand the effect of NCX2 in glioma, we constructed a hypoxic microenvironment. To detect the localization of NCX2 in transfected U87 cells, immunofluorescence was used. We tested the function of NCX2 in glioma, i.e., how it contributes to the cytosolic Ca2+homeostasis by X-Rhod-1. We tested the cell proliferation of NCX2 in glioma in hypoxic using Cell counting kit-8 (CCK8). Cell migration and invasion were evaluated in 24-well transwell matrigel-coated or non-matrigel-coated in hypoxia. NCX2 promoted the proliferation of U87 cells in the hypoxic microenvironment. It inhibited the invasion and migration abilities of U87 cells. We demonstrated that NCX2 was located on the cell membrane and that it reduced intracellular Ca2+levels and reactivated P53 and PTEN. We further demonstrated that NCX2 impaired cell invasion through the HIF-1α pathway in glioma. The results indicated that NCX2 plays a key role in glioma formation and tumor invasion functionality.
Temporal trends of mercury levels in fish (dab, Limanda limanda) and sediment from the German Bight (North Sea) in the period 1995–2020
Authors: Kammann Ulrike , Nogueira Pedro , Siegmund Maike , Schmidt Nicole , Schmolke Stefan , Kirchgeorg Torben , Hasenbein Matthias , Wysujack Klaus 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAs a toxic and harmful global pollutant, mercury (Hg) enters the marine environment through natural sources, and human activities. It bioaccumulates through the food chain and therefore, Hg is of great importance for environmental monitoring. This study aims to answer the question if Hg contamination in fish and sediment from the German Bight follows temporal trends. Therefore, 496 individual female dab (Limanda limanda) were analyzed. The Hg concentrations in the muscle of dab from the German Bight showed significant increase in function of time with an annual percental change of 1.4%, leading to a 41% increase in Hg contamination level within 25 years of monitoring. At the same time, Hg concentrations in sediment—analyzed in 86 samples—significantly decreased in the nearby North Sea environment. This surprising contradiction is shown in the present study and possible causes are discussed. It could be clearly shown that contamination in sediment and biota can follow completely different time courses and therefore, different environmental matrices should be considered in future monitoring studies. Age of the fish turned out to be a biological factor of particular importance for temporal trend analysis.
Berth planning and real-time disruption recovery: a simulation study for a tidal port
Authors: van der Steeg Jaap-Jan , Oudshoorn Menno , Yorke-Smith Neil 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWith the increasing volume of container freight transport, future port planning is crucial. Simulation models provide a means to gain insight in the effects of terminal expansions. Detailed simulations incorporate berth allocation: assigning vessels a time and location at the quay wall, where the vessel is loaded and unloaded. This article develops decision models for both offline preliminary berth planning and for online recovery of this plan during simulation. First, we develop an optimisation-based approach that incorporates realistic aspects—cyclic vessel arrivals, tidal windows, and minimisation of vessel draught during low water periods—in order to develop a cyclic baseline berth allocation plan. The approach can proactively incorporate slack for increased robustness. Exploiting a constraint-based solver, we can obtain optimal or satisficing solutions for a year’s operation of a large port. The resulting preliminary berth plan is used as a basis for the arrival times. However, disruptions can occur, such as vessel arrival and loading times varying from the planned. Hence, second, we develop a real-time disruption management decision model. This multi-level heuristic approach reacts to disruptions while minimising perturbation of the original berth plan. Computational experiments with a high-resolution simulator show our recovery approach finds good solutions until a tipping point of disturbance. Results also show that when the expected occupation of a terminal is higher, strengthening robustness of the preliminary plan has increased importance. The approach described in the article is implemented for a major European inland tidal port, forming the basis of a simulation-based decision support tool for operational planning and exploring port expansion options.
The effects of jobs, amenities, and locations on housing submarkets in Xiamen City, China
Authors: Li Yongling , Lin Yanliu , Wang Jiaoe , Geertman Stan , Hooimeijer Pieter 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNumerous studies have found that jobs, amenities, and location influence housing prices in urban areas. However, there is still a lack of in-depth understanding of the impacts of these factors on various housing submarkets within a city. With the case study of Xiamen, this paper investigates the impacts of jobs, amenities, and location on four housing submarkets, classified by owner-occupied and rental housing, in inner and outer districts. The hedonic model, Chow test, and Tiao-Goldberger test are applied to analyze differentiation in the determinants of housing prices between four submarkets. The results show that all submarkets are influenced by blue-collar jobs (which have negative effects) and seascape (which has a positive impact). Besides, differentiated after submarkets show that school districts and public transportation have a greater influence on owner-occupied markets than on rental markets. A heterogeneity exists between inner-district and outer-district markets. For instance, bus rapid transit (BRT) has a positive effect on housing and rental prices in the outer districts but not in the inner districts. These differences are mainly caused by the disparities of spatial quality, economic development, and public facilities and amenities. The findings have profound implications for decision-making and planning practices.