bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chromobacterium violaceum: A rare opportunistic pathogen and clue for pediatric chronic granulomatous disease
Authors: Barnes Peter , Gonzales Jesse , Hammond Daniel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractChromobacterium violaceum is a rare bacterium found in water and soil in tropical regions and typically presents with a localized skin infection or lymphadenitis which can progress to fulminant septicemia and even death. We describe a case of a 2‐year‐old boy with C. violaceum septicemia from a suspected skin source which was confirmed by wound, tissue and blood cultures. The discovery of this rare organism, subsequently led to the evaluation and identification of underlying chronic granulomatous disease.
The material study of American Protestantism
Authors: Brummitt Jamie L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article traces the history of the material study of American Protestantism from the 1980s to today. In the 1980s, a few scholars of American religions started to incorporate material culture studies into their work. They examined religious images, objects, places, and practices according to new interdisciplinary methods. By the mid‐1990s, the material study of American Protestantism exploded and emerged as a distinct subfield in the study of American religions. This subfield gave way to four general approaches, including studying American Protestantism as print culture, visual culture, material sensations, and new materialism. This article also presents themes that invigorate the subfield today, such as studying presence in Protestantism, texts as objects, the agency of objects, Black religious experiences, gender and sexuality, and cross‐cultural encounters. It concludes by offering insights into the influences and challenges of the subfield, as well as areas in the subfield that invite more research.
When cities take control: Explaining the diversity of complex local climate actions
Authors: Soni Anmol , Jose Justina , Kingsley Gordon A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCities face substantial risks of economic and physical losses from repeated exposure to climate hazards exacerbated by climate change. Drawing from the climate action and policy mix literatures, this study conceptualizes “climate action mix” defined as the diverse policy actions adopted by city governments to adapt to and mitigate the effects of climate hazards. This study makes a key contribution by analyzing the relation between the variety of hazards and the diversity of cities' climate action mixes. Deploying a modified Shannon diversity index, we develop a new measure of climate action mix by considering the breadth across different actions, and the depth of these efforts as measured by the progress along the policy cycle. We study an expansive range of mitigation and adaptation actions without imposing any domain or jurisdictional limitations in 162 cities across the United States. The analysis reveals a bifurcation in approaches where some cities have not adopted any policies, while others have a diverse mix of adaptation and mitigation actions in various stages of policy progression. We find that climate hazards drive local action—cities that experience multiple threats react by taking a diverse mix of climate actions. Cities broadly utilize global climate networks that offer policy learning opportunities and local networks that might promote a shared understanding of environmental threats leading to diverse climate action mixes. Finally, a city's capacity to develop climate adaptation and mitigation plans is positively related to a diverse portfolio of climate actions.
Democracy for whom? How criminal punishment marginalizes the political voices of Black and Brown Americans
Authors: Remster Brianna , Kramer Rory 
Published: December 2022

AbstractU.S. racialized punishment practices have long harmed communities of color in sundry ways, including access to democratic processes. Synthesizing scholarship on punishment and democracy that centers the lived experiences and political subjectivities of Black and Brown Americans, we argue that criminal punishment is a powerful form of political marginalization that diminishes the political voices of Black and Brown Americans en masse and simultaneously amplifies the voices of White Americans. To illuminate how punishment (re)produces systemic racial inequities in democratic processes, we focus on two distinct but related marginalizations: disenfranchisement for a felony conviction and prison gerrymandering. These deep‐rooted “colorblind” policies did not draw scholarly attention until recent decades, well after district boundaries and election outcomes across the country were impacted. To help understand that delay, we highlight the utility of applying an emancipatory, Du Boisian lens with an example from our past work. Looking to the future, we argue that DuBois's tenets should inform punishment scholarship regardless of methodology or data type. Doing so will help identify more hidden forms of political marginalization in a timely manner, enable scholars to investigate the potential multiplicative effects of those marginalizations, and increase the potential impact of that work beyond the academy.
Within‐ and between‐person associations among internalizing and externalizing problems during middle childhood
Authors: Keskin Gizem , Lougheed Jessica P. , Duncan Robert 
Published: December 2022

AbstractInternalizing and externalizing problems are likely to co‐occur in childhood and are related to concurrent and prospective mental health outcomes. We examined the longitudinal relations among internalizing and externalizing problems during middle childhood utilizing the Random Intercept – Cross Lagged Panel Model. We investigated three research questions: (1) how overall levels of internalizing and externalizing problems are related, (2) whether internalizing and externalizing problems predict each other longitudinally, and (3) whether girls and boys show different longitudinal associations among internalizing and externalizing problems. Mother‐reported internalizing and externalizing problems were used through first to sixth grade (N = 1364). Results showed positive random intercepts and positive within‐time correlations of internalizing and externalizing problems. Further, internalizing problems predicted externalizing problems at the within‐person level. Although previous research mostly has shown a significant effect from externalizing problems to internalizing problems, the current study shows that when within‐ and between‐person variance are disentangled, internalizing problems also may predict externalizing problems.
Bringing critical social psychology to the study of political polarization
Authors: Balinhas Daniel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe study of political polarization, in both its ideological and its affective expressions, has garnered significantly more interest over the last years. But despite recent research on the conceptualization, measurement, causes, and consequences of this socio‐political phenomenon, and some tentative interventions to mitigate it, relevant new avenues remain surprisingly underdeveloped. Indeed, scholarship in the field of political polarization, mainly in the case of affective polarization, frequently uses cognitivist approaches to make sense of the growing antipathy between different social and political groups. However, the bulk of this work seems to overlook valuable insights into the psychology of intergroup conflict, stereotyping, prejudice reduction, and discourse studies. The aim of this paper is to underline the main gaps in the political polarization literature, to subsequently argue how knowledge linked to the tradition of critical social psychology can help in filling them. Ultimately, the article aims to contribute to the psychosocial study of political polarization and to the design, if necessary, of interventions to counter its detrimental consequences.
Access to opioid analgesics for medical use at hospital level in the Democratic Republic of Congo: An exploratory mixed‐method study
Authors: Zandibeni Jacques , de Béthune Xavier , Debethel Bitumba Jean , Mantempa Jocelyn , Tshilolo Léon , Ndona Jackie , Kabemba Mbaya Alain , Kabamb Kabey Donatien , Mubeneshayi Kananga Anselme , Ravinetto Raffaella 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the availability of and access to opioid analgesics at hospital level in the Democratic Republic of Congo.MethodsExploratory mixed‐method study combining a descriptive survey of the availability of opioid analgesics at hospital pharmacies with a qualitative survey that explored the experiences and perceptions of healthcare workers, managers, patients and caregivers, by means of a short questionnaire and of semi‐structured interviews. The study was conducted in a convenience sample of 12 hospitals, located in five different provinces, in 2021.ResultsThe quality and completeness of stock data for opioid analgesics were generally poor. Stock‐outs were frequent. Only five hospital pharmacies had records on prescriptions of opioids in 2020. In‐patients and caregivers indicated they generally must purchase opioids out‐of‐pocket, sometimes far from the place of residence. Doctors and nurses confirmed that prescribed opioids are often unavailable at the hospital pharmacy. Furthermore, they suggested an important need of training in pain management with opioids, and of effective regulation to ensure opioid availability. Pharmacists and managers recognised important weaknesses in the processes of needs quantification, stock management, planning and supply.ConclusionsOur exploratory study suggests the need of a complex set of coordinated actions to be undertaken by all relevant actors in DRC to correct the poor practices in opioids' management and to improve opioids' availability, affordability and adequate use. This will require a change of mindset to overcome the neglect of the health needs of persons with acute and chronic pain.
Henipaviruses and lyssaviruses target nucleolar treacle protein and regulate ribosomal RNA synthesis
Authors: Rawlinson Stephen M. , Zhao Tianyue , Ardipradja Katie , Zhang Yilin , Veugelers Patrick F. , Harper Jennifer A. , David Cassandra T. , Sundaramoorthy Vinod , Moseley Gregory W. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe nucleolus is a common target of viruses and viral proteins, but for many viruses the functional outcomes and significance of this targeting remains unresolved. Recently, the first intranucleolar function of a protein of a cytoplasmically‐replicating negative‐sense RNA virus (NSV) was identified, with the finding that the matrix (M) protein of Hendra virus (HeV) (genus Henipavirus, family Paramyxoviridae) interacts with Treacle protein within nucleolar subcompartments and mimics a cellular mechanism of the nucleolar DNA‐damage response (DDR) to suppress ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis. Whether other viruses utilise this mechanism has not been examined. We report that sub‐nucleolar Treacle targeting and modulation is conserved between M proteins of multiple Henipaviruses, including Nipah virus and other potentially zoonotic viruses. Furthermore, this function is also evident for P3 protein of rabies virus, the prototype virus of a different RNA virus family (Rhabdoviridae), with Treacle depletion in cells also found to impact virus production. These data indicate that unrelated proteins of viruses from different families have independently developed nucleolar/Treacle targeting function, but that modulation of Treacle has distinct effects on infection. Thus, subversion of Treacle may be an important process in infection by diverse NSVs, and so could provide novel targets for antiviral approaches with broad specificity.
Advancing EBP culture and competencies through an academic‐research partnership: Process and outcomes of an EBP scholar program
Authors: Li Hong , Tyson Sheryl , Meyers Eva A. , Ada Hazel , Jordan Michael 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundEvidence‐based practice (EBP) is increasingly being adopted in healthcare organizations to improve patient care and outcomes. Yet, barriers remain that prevent consistent implementation of EBP in clinical settings.AimsTo increase EBP competencies and promote practice change, a regional academic‐community hospital in Los Angeles, California, jointly with a university school of nursing, developed and implemented an EBP scholar program.MethodsA multistep EBP process was delivered during monthly didactic workshops to ensure optimal delivery and acquisition of EBP core competencies. The Iowa Model of Evidence‐Based Practice to Promote Quality Care was integrated into the curriculum to assist program scholar's efforts to systematically direct EBP implementation at the organizational level. Additional strategies were incorporated including one‐to‐one mentoring, institutional recognition, and protected time. The 13‐item EBP Competency Scale for practicing registered professional nurses was used to measure EBP competency at baseline and post‐program completion.ResultsFive recruited scholars completed the baseline survey and three completed the postsurvey. EBP competency increased from 52.9% to 62.75%. Scholars submitted abstracts for conference poster presentation, podium presentations, and conference poster awards. One article was submitted and accepted for journal publication.Linking Evidence to ActionA multistep EBP process can enhance EBP delivery, improve EBP competency, and facilitate dissemination.
Turbine Vane Passage Experiments Documenting Evolution of Secondary Flows With Changes in Combustor Coolant Injection Flowrates
Authors: Nawathe Kedar P. , Kim Yong W. , Simon Terrence W. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A secondary flow system with a dominant passage vortex pattern has been observed in many gas turbine vane passage studies in which there is no upstream coolant injection or only near-passage endwall coolant injection (no combustor cooling). However, it was shown in recent studies that combustor coolant introduced upstream of the vane passage changes secondary flow patterns in the passage. This results in a different secondary flow vortex system, called the “impingement vortex” system. It was discussed in recent literature having combustor coolant injection. Until now, there has been no study on how increases in combustor coolant momentum effect transition from the passage vortex system to the impingement vortex system. Such a study is presented in the present paper. Velocity component measurements are taken using a five-hole probe at three axial locations in the vane passage to document secondary flow development throughout the passage. Four combustor coolant flowrate cases are considered along with a comparison case having no coolant injection. It is shown that as the combustor coolant flowrate increases, the passage vortex system weakens and, at a sufficiently high combustor coolant flowrate, the impingement vortex system appears. Knowing the detailed flow physics of this transition between the two secondary flow systems is helpful for turbine thermal designers who wish to understand how secondary flows transport coolant within the turbine vane passage.
Computational Complexity of Theories of a Binary Predicate with a Small Number of Variables
Authors: Rybakov M. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract—
We prove $$\Sigma _{1}^{0}$$-hardness of a number of theories of a binary predicate with three individual variables (in languages without constants or equality). We also show that, in languages with equality and the operators of composition and of transitive closure, theories of a binary predicate are $$\Pi _{1}^{1}$$-hard with only two individual variables.
Smoking, dietary factors and major age-related eye disorders: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses
Authors: Kai Jia-Yan , Zhou Miao , Li Dan-Lin , Zhu Ke-Yao , Wu Qian , Zhang Xiao-Feng , Pan Chen-Wei 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundThere is accumulating evidence of the associations between age-related eye diseases (AREDs) and smoking or dietary factors. We aimed to provide an umbrella review of the published literature pertaining to smoking or dietary intake as risk factors for major AREDs including cataract, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy.MethodsWe searched for pertinent systematic reviews or meta-analyses in PubMed and Web of Science until 16 April 2022. We reperformed the meta-analysis of each association using random effects models. The heterogeneity and 95% prediction interval were calculated. The presence of small-study effect or excess significance bias was also assessed.ResultsIn total, 64 associations from 25 meta-analyses and 41 associations from 10 qualitative systematic reviews were evaluated. There was convincing (class I) evidence for only one association, namely current smoking and cataract. Two factors had highly suggestive (class II) evidence, namely ever smoking associated with cataract and fish consumption associated with AMD. We also found suggestive (class III) evidence for associations between the dietary intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, lutein, zeaxanthin, vitamin C and the risk of cataract.ConclusionsSmoking as a risk factor for cataract was the most robust association we identified. We also identified several dietary elements associated with AREDs. Large prospective studies are warranted to further examine the associations discussed in this review.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022339082.
Effects of frailty on patients undergoing head and neck cancer surgery with flap reconstruction: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Wang Yuepeng , Zheng Yukai , Wen Zuozhen , Zhou Yuwei , Wang Yan , Huang Zhiquan 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesTo establish the implications of frailty as a predictor of outcome in patients with head and neck cancer requiring flap repair.DesignRetrospective cohort.Data sourceWe captured data from patients above 60 years old undergoing head and neck tumour resection and free flap reconstruction surgery between June 2019 and June 2020 at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University. The data contain all treatment information.Outcome variablesSurgery repeated in 30 days, postoperative complications, hospital length of stay, postoperative main biochemical standards.Exposure variablesAge, sex, smoking history, alcoholism history, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance score and Clinical T staging were exposure variables. The frailty index is the main variable.ResultA total of 254 patients were included in this study. Among them, 124 patients were classified as frail, while 130 patients were classified as non-frail. We found that frail patients stayed in the hospital longer than non-frail patients after surgery (p=0.018). According to the data of 26 frail patients who directly entered the intensive care unit (ICU), we found that these patients had a lower leucocyte count (p=0.005).ConclusionsFrailty is a useful predictor of outcomes in patients undergoing head and neck cancer surgery with flap reconstruction. Frailty can be a clinical tool used to identify high-risk patients and guide perioperative care to optimise patient outcomes. Frail patients have better outcomes if they directly enter the ICU.
Rationale and design of leveraging the HIV platform for hypertension control in Africa: protocol of a cluster-randomised controlled trial in Uganda
Authors: Atukunda Mucunguzi , Kabami Jane , Mutungi Gerald , Twinamatsiko Brian , Nangendo Joan , Shade Starley B , Charlebois Edwin , Grosskurth Heiner , Kamya Moses , Okello Emmy 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionThere is a high burden of hypertension (HTN) among HIV-infected people in Uganda. However, capacity to prevent, diagnose and treat HTN is suboptimal. This study seeks to leverage the existing HIV-related infrastructure in primary care health facilities (HFs) using the integrated HIV/HTN care model to improve health outcomes of patients with HIV and HTN.Methods and analysisIntegrated HIV/HTN study a type-1 effectiveness/implementation cluster randomised trial, will evaluate the effectiveness of a multicomponent model intervention in 13 districts randomised to the intervention arm compared with 13 districts randomised to control. Two randomly selected HFs per district and their patients will be eligible to participate. The intervention will comprise training of primary healthcare (PHC) providers followed by regular supervision, integration of HTN care into HIV clinics, improvement of the health management information system, IT-based messaging to improve communication among frontline PHCs and district-level managers. HTN care guidelines, sphygmomanometers, patient registers and a buffer stock of essential drugs will be provided to HFs in both study arms. We will perform cross-sectional surveys at baseline, 12 and 24 months, on a random sample of patients attending HFs to measure effectiveness of the integrated care model between 2021 and 2024. We will perform in-depth interviews of providers, patients and healthcare managers to assess barriers and facilitators of integrated care. We will measure the cost of the intervention through microcosting and time-and-motion studies. The outcomes will be analysed taking the clustered structure of the data set into account.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval has been obtained from the Research Ethics Committees at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, and Makerere University School of Medicine. All participants will provide informed consent prior to study inclusion. Strict confidentiality will be applied throughout. Findings will be disseminated to public through meetings, and publications.Trial registration numberNCT04624061
Positive experiences of family caregivers of patients with chronic heart failure: protocol for a qualitative systematic review and meta-synthesis
Authors: Yang Panpan , Guan Qingyi , Ma Mengzhen , Fan Yanyan 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionPrevious studies have highlighted the experiences of caregivers for patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), specifically focusing on their negative experiences. There are few systematic reviews on the topic to synthesise the positive experiences of family caregivers for patients with CHF. This study will examine how experiences such as developing new skills, strengthening their relationships (between caregivers and recipients) and receiving appreciation from the care recipient assist to improve caregivers’ perception of their circumstances.Methods and analysisThis review will be conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for qualitative systematic reviews. Qualitative and mixed methods studies related to the positive experiences of family caregivers for patients with CHF, reported in English or Chinese and published from inception in the following databases will be included: PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Wan Fang Data, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chongqing VIP, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Open Grey and Deep Blue Library databases. The standard JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research will be used by two independent reviewers to appraise the quality of the included studies, and the standardised JBI Qualitative Data Extraction Tool for Qualitative Research will be applied to extract data. The final synthesised findings will be graded according to the ConQual approach for establishing confidence in the output of qualitative research synthesis.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required as no primary data are being collected. The results will be made available through a peer-reviewed publication.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021282159.