bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Otherwise than quantum
Authors: Prozorov Sergei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe paper focuses on two problems with Alexander Wendt's unification of physical and social ontology on the basis of quantum theory. Firstly, by endowing social phenomena with an ontological foundation in physical reality defined in quantum terms Wendt risks reducing a plurality of worlds as ‘fields of sense’, ordered by their immanent rules, to the physical world ordered by the laws of quantum theory. Secondly, by defining his quantum social science as an ontology Wendt risks excluding from consideration all that which violates ontological laws, yet may still be said to exist or take place: event, potentiality, and alterity. Although the advantages of a scientific ontology are indisputable, the price we pay for it is a sense of ontological captivity, whereby everything that is definitely is so, being and non-being rigorously distinguished and separated with nothing between them. This captivity may be escaped by supplementing quantum ontology with ethics in the Levinasian sense of ‘otherwise than being’.
Cross-resistance to photosystem II inhibitors observed in target site–resistant but not in non–target site resistant common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia)
Authors: Laforest Martin , Simard Marie-Josée , Meloche Sydney , Maheux Lydia , Tardif François , Page Eric 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe full spectrum of herbicide resistance in a weed can vary according to the mechanistic basis and cannot be implied from the selective pressure. Common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) is an important weed species of horticultural crops that has developed resistance to linuron based on either target site– or non–target site resistance mechanisms. The objective of the study is to characterize the cross-resistance to metribuzin of linuron-selected biotypes of A. artemisiifolia with target site– and non–target site resistance and determine its genetic basis. Crosses were made between two types of linuron-resistant biotype and a linuron-susceptible biotype, and the progeny were further backcrossed with susceptible plants to the third backcross (BC3) generation to determine their responses to both herbicides compared with parental lines. The target site–based linuron-resistant biotype was cross-resistant to metribuzin, and resistance to both herbicides was maintained at the same level in the BC3 line. In contrast, the linuron-selected biotype with a non–target site resistance mechanism was not cross-resistant to metribuzin. In addition, the BC3 lines deriving from the non–target site resistant parents had very low-level resistance. While the target site–resistance trait is maintained through multiple crosses, non–target site based resistance would be lost over time when selection is absent or insufficient to retain all genes involved in resistance as a complex trait. This would imply A. artemisiifolia biotypes with different mechanisms would need to be managed differently over time.
A nonnative Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) population in the Republic of South Africa is resistant to herbicides with different sites of action
Authors: Reinhardt Carl , Vorster Juan , Küpper Anita , Peter Falco , Simelane Adelaide , Friis Stephanus , Magson Jacques , Aradhya Chandrashekar 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPalmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeriS. Watson) is not native to Africa. Based on the presence and persistence ofA. palmeripopulations, its invasive status in southern Africa is classified as “naturalized.” Globally,A. palmeriis one of the most troublesome weed species in several crops, including soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.], maize (Zea maysL.), and cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.). Certain populations ofA. palmeriin various countries were reported to be resistant to herbicides with different sites of action (SOAs). Two biotypes ofA. palmeriin the United States reportedly each have resistance to herbicides representing five different SOAs, and between them a total of eight different SOAs are involved. Resistance mechanisms in these biotypes involve target-site and/or non–target site resistance. Here we characterize a specificA. palmeripopulation that was found in the Douglas district in South Africa and showed resistance to various herbicide SOAs. Initially, thisA. palmeripopulation was discovered in a glyphosate-tolerant cotton field, where it survived glyphosate treatment. Subsequently, greenhouse experiments were conducted to characterize thisA. palmeripopulation for potential resistance to herbicides of additional SOAs, and molecular analyses were conducted to reveal the mechanisms of herbicide resistance. Results indicated resistance to chlorimuron-ethyl and glyphosate in this population, while <90% control (decreased sensitivity) was observed at the label rate for mesotrione, atrazine, saflufenacil, andS-metolachlor. However, glufosinate, tembotrione, acifluorfen, dicamba, 2,4-D, metribuzin, acetochlor, isoxaflutole, diflufenican, and pyroxasulfone were effective at controlling this population. This profiling of herbicide sensitivity has allowed development of programs to control and potentially minimize the spread of this weed. In addition, molecular analysis ofEPSPSrevealed the role of higher copy number as a mechanism for glyphosate resistance in this population and a Ser-653-Asn target-site mutation likely conferring resistance to the acetolactate synthase–inhibitor chlorimuron-ethyl. No known target-site mutations were identified for the protoporphyrinogen oxidase–inhibitor group.
Flood Extent Mapping During Hurricane Florence With Repeat‐Pass L‐Band UAVSAR Images
Authors: Wang Chao , Pavelsky Tamlin M. , Yao Fangfang , Yang Xiao , Zhang Shuai , Chapman Bruce , Song Conghe , Sebastian Antonia , Frizzelle Brian , Frankenberg Elizabeth , Clinton Nicholas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractExtreme precipitation events are intensifying due to a warming climate, which, in some cases, is leading to increases in flooding. Detection of flood extent is essential for flood disaster response, management, and prevention. However, it is challenging to delineate inundated areas through most publicly available optical and short‐wavelength radar data, as neither can “see” through dense forest canopies. In 2018, Hurricane Florence produced heavy rainfall and subsequent record‐setting riverine flooding in North Carolina, USA. NASA/JPL collected daily high‐resolution full‐polarized L‐band Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle Synthetic Aperture Radar (UAVSAR) data between September 18th and 23rd. Here, we use UAVSAR data to construct a flood inundation detection framework through a combination of polarimetric decomposition methods and a Random Forest classifier. Validation of the established models with compiled ground references shows that the incorporation of linear polarizations with polarimetric decomposition and terrain variables significantly enhances the accuracy of inundation classification, and the Kappa statistic increases to 91.4% from 64.3% with linear polarizations alone. We show that floods receded faster near the upper reaches of the Neuse, Cape Fear, and Lumbee Rivers. Meanwhile, along the flat terrain close to the lower reaches of the Cape Fear River, the flood wave traveled downstream during the observation period, resulting in the flood extent expanding 16.1% during the observation period. In addition to revealing flood inundation changes spatially, flood maps such as those produced here have great potential for assessing flood damages, supporting disaster relief, and assisting hydrodynamic modeling to achieve flood‐resilience goals.
What Drive Regional Changes in the Number and Surface Area of Lakes Across the Yangtze River Basin During 2000–2019: Human or Climatic Factors?
Authors: Xu Yuyue , Cheng Xing , Gun Zhao 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe spatiotemporal distribution of lakes in the Yangtze River basin (YRB) has changed tremendously; however, research on how and why lakes changed across this basin is limited. In this study, based on Google Earth Engine, Landsat images were used to track lakes (>1 km2) across the YRB from 2000 to 2019. Then, the anthropogenic and climatic impacts on the evolution of lakes were fully discussed. Results showed that the distribution of lakes across the YRB was extremely uneven. From 2000 to 2019, the total number and the area (referring to the surface area) of lakes increased by 30 and declined by 885 km2, respectively, but the trends of them were unobvious. In contrast, these changes and related causes exhibited high spatial heterogeneity. Lakes in the upper reaches significantly increased (P < 0.01). The expanded and new lakes were mainly distributed in the headwater catchment of the Yangtze River, which was closely related to increased precipitation. The number of lakes in the middle reaches decreased significantly (P < 0.05), which was primarily affected by intense human activities, such as land reclamation and agricultural irrigation. Precipitation played a dominant role in the fluctuation of the lake area here. In the lower reaches, the number of lakes increased (P < 0.01) as a result of the policy of “returning farmland to lakes,” while the expansion of area (P < 0.05) was closely related to the precipitation and runoff. These findings have important policy implications for the conservation of lake resources.
Erosion Process of Multiple Debris Flow Surges Caused by Check Dam Removal: An Experimental Study
Authors: Wang Xi'an , Chen Jiangang , Chen Huayong , Chen Xiaoqing , Li Shuai , Zhao Wanyu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDebris flows are one of the most serious natural disasters on Earth and cause great losses in human life and property each year. Check dams have been widely utilized in debris flow hazard mitigation, and over time, some control projects have exceeded their designed service lifetime. However, the processes of stored sediment erosion with multiple surges of debris flows after check dam removal are unknown. Here, the stored sediment erosion processes associated with different reductions in the dam height (i.e., the removed height) were revealed by physical experiments. The results showed that erosion was concentrated on the stored sediment scarp formed by dam removal and that the erosion process mainly included undercutting and widening. The erosion efficiency of the debris flow gradually decreased with the development of erosion and was positively correlated with removed height, negatively correlated with the accumulated debris flow volume, and proportional to the remaining potential volume of sediment to be eroded. The erosion volume development process was well described by an exponential function model, and the physical meanings of the parameters in the model and their empirical values were clarified. Moreover, the distribution of the erosion volume along the flume was shown to satisfy the Weibull distribution, and the distribution parameters were related to the removed height, erosion volume, and sediment volume fraction of the debris flow. We anticipate that our results will serve as a starting point for the demolition and reconstruction of debris flow hazard mitigation engineering in mountainous areas.
A comprehensive profile of TCF1+ progenitor and TCF1− terminally exhausted PD-1+CD8+ T cells in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: implications for prognosis and immunotherapy
Authors: Wang Dikan , Fang Juan , Wen Shuqiong , Li Qunxing , Wang Jinming , Yang Lisa , Dai Wenxiao , Lu Huanzi , Guo Junyi , Shan Zhongyan , Xie Wenqiang , Liu Xiangqi , Wen Liling , Shen Jie , Wang Anxun , Chen Qianming , Wang Zhi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe heterogeneity of exhausted T cells (Tex) is a critical determinant of immune checkpoint blockade therapy efficacy. However, few studies have explored exhausted T cell subpopulations in human cancers. In the present study, we examined samples from two cohorts of 175 patients with head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) by multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) to investigate two subsets of Tex, CD8+PD1+TCF1+ progenitor exhausted T cells (TCF1+Texprog) and CD8+PD1+TCF1− terminally exhausted T cells (TCF1−Texterm). Moreover, fresh tumor samples from 34 patients with HNSCC were examined by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry to further investigate their properties and cytotoxic capabilities and their correlation with regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). mIHC and flow cytometry analysis showed that TCF1−Texterm represented a greater proportion of CD8+PD1+Tex than TCF1+Texprog in most patients. TCF1+Texprog produced abundant TNFα, while TCF1−Texterm expressed higher levels of CD103, TIM-3, CTLA-4, and TIGIT. TCF1−Texterm exhibited a polyfunctional TNFα+GZMB+IFNγ+ phenotype; and were associated with better overall survival and recurrence-free survival. The results also indicated that larger proportions of TCF1−Texterm were accompanied by an increase in the proportion of Tregs. Therefore, it was concluded that TCF1−Texterm was the major CD8+PD1+Tex subset in the HNSCC TIME and that these cells favor patient survival. A high proportion of TCF1−Texterm was associated with greater Treg abundance.
Group B streptococci infection model shows decreased regulatory capacity of cord blood cells
Authors: Molnar Kriszta , Riedel Hannah , Schwarz Julian , Dietz Stefanie , Spring Bärbel , Haag Laura , Poets Christian F. , Gille Christian , Köstlin-Gille Natascha 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Sepsis is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the neonatal period. Compared to adults, neonates are more susceptible to infections, especially to systemic infections with Group B Streptococcus (GBS). Furthermore, neonates show defects in terminating inflammation. The immunological causes for the increased susceptibility to infection and the prolonged inflammatory response are still incompletely understood.

Methods
In the present study, we aimed to investigate the reaction of cord blood mononuclear cells (MNC) to stimulation with GBS in comparison to that of MNC from adult blood with focus on the proliferative response in an in vitro infection model with heat-inactivated GBS.

Results
We demonstrate that after stimulation with GBS the proliferation of T cells from adult blood strongly decreased, while the proliferation of cord blood T cells remained unchanged. This effect could be traced back to a transformation of adult monocytes, but not cord blood monocytes, to a suppressive phenotype with increased expression of the co-inhibitory molecule programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1).

Conclusions
These results point towards an increased inflammatory capacity of neonatal MNC after stimulation with GBS. Targeting the prolonged inflammatory response of neonatal immune cells may be a strategy to prevent complications of neonatal infections.

Impact

Neonatal sepsis often leads to post-inflammatory complications.

Causes for sustained inflammation in neonates are incompletely understood.

We show that cord blood T cells exhibited increased proliferative capacity after stimulation with group B streptococci (GBS) in comparison to adult T cells.

Adult monocytes but not cord blood monocytes acquired suppressive activity and expressed increased levels of PD-L1 after GBS stimulation.

Increased proliferative capacity of neonatal T cells and decreased suppressive activity of neonatal monocytes during GBS infection may contribute to prolonged inflammation and development of post-inflammatory diseases in newborns.
Nuclear genome-derived circular RNA circPUM1 localizes in mitochondria and regulates oxidative phosphorylation in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Gong Wei , Xu Jiancheng , Wang Yan , Min Qingjie , Chen Xu , Zhang Weimin , Chen Jie , Zhan Qimin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCircular RNAs (circRNAs) were shown to play an important role in the occurrence and progression of tumors. However, the functions of nuclear genome-derived circRNAs localized in mitochondria of tumor cells remain largely elusive. Here, we report that circPUM1, a circular RNA derived from back-splicing of pre-mRNAs of nuclear genome PUM1, localizes in mitochondria. The expression level of circPUM1 is positively correlated with HIF1α accumulation under CoCl2-induced intracellular hypoxic-like condition in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cell lines. Importantly, circPUM1 acts as a scaffold for the interaction between UQCRC1 and UQCRC2 in ESCC cell lines. Knock-down of circPUM1 would result in lower intracellular oxygen concentration, downregulated oxidative phosphorylation, decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential, increase of ROS generation and shrinking of mitochondria, respectively. CircPUM1 depletion induces dysfunction of the mitochondrial complex III and the cleavage of caspase3 spontaneously. Interestingly, disruption of circPUM1 led to pyroptosis that initiates the cell death of ESCC cell lines. Therefore, we conclude that circPUM1 plays a critical role in maintaining the stability of mitochondrial complex III to enhance oxidative phosphorylation for ATP production of ESCC cells and moreover propose that ESCC cells exploit circPUM1 during cell adaptation.
Fascin enhances the vulnerability of breast cancer to erastin-induced ferroptosis
Authors: Chen Cong , Xie Bojian , Li Zhaoqing , Chen Lini , Chen Yongxia , Zhou Jichun , Ju Siwei , Zhou Yulu , Zhang Xun , Zhuo Wenying , Yang Jingjing , Mao Misha , Xu Ling , Wang Linbo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFerroptosis, which is characterized by intracellular iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation, is a newly described form of regulated cell death that may play a key role in tumour suppression. In the present study, we investigated the expression profiles and biological effects of fascin actin-bundling protein 1 (Fascin, gene name FSCN1) in breast cancer. In addition, bioinformatics analysis of the TCGA cancer database and gain- and loss-of-function studies showed that Fascin enhances sensitivity to erastin-induced ferroptosis. Mechanistically, Fascin directly interacts with cysteine/glutamate transporter (xCT, gene name SLC7A11) and decreases its stability via the ubiquitin-mediated proteasome degradation pathway. Furthermore, we observed that Fascin is substantially upregulated in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cell lines, and drug-resistant cells were also more vulnerable to erastin-induced ferroptosis. Taken together, our findings reveal a previously unidentified role of Fascin in ferroptosis by regulating xCT. Thus, ferroptosis activation in breast cancer with high Fascin level may serve as a potential treatment.
The synergistic antitumor effect of IL-6 neutralization with NVP-BEZ235 in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang Yao , Miao Xiaolong , Jiang Yuancong , Wu Zelai , Zhu Xuhang , Liu Han , Wu Xiaoying , Cai Jinzhen , Ding Xianfeng , Gong Weihua 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still ranks among the top cancers worldwide with high incidence and mortality. Due to abnormal activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway in HCC, targeting this pathway represents a potential therapeutic strategy. NVP-BEZ235 is a novel dual-targeted ATP-competitive PI3K/mTOR inhibitor that has shown effective antitumor effects. In this study, we found that interleukin-6 (IL-6) was significantly increased after exposure to NVP-BEZ235, and we proposed a treatment in which an anti-IL-6 antibody was combined with NVP-BEZ235 for HCC. In vitro results revealed that targeted inhibition of IL-6 potentiated the antitumor effects of NVP-BEZ235 in HCC cells. The mechanism might be attributed to their synergistic inhibitory activity on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway. Furthermore, an in vivo study demonstrated that combined administration of NVP-BEZ235 and anti-IL-6 Ab reduced HCC tumour load more effectively than either NVP-BEZ235 or anti-IL-6 Ab treatment alone. These findings add guidance value to the analysis of HCC and provide a reference for clinical treatment.
MiR-652-5p elevated glycolysis level by targeting TIGAR in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Liu Shan , Wang Haobiao , Guo Wei , Zhou Xiaoyan , Shu Yi , Liu Haiyan , Yang Li , Tang Shi , Su Hongyu , Liu Ziyang , Zeng Lamei , Zou Lin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe effect of glycolysis remains largely elusive in acute T lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Increasing evidence has indicated that the dysregulation of miRNAs is involved in glycolysis, by targeting the genes coding glycolysis rate-limiting enzymes. In our previous studies, we found that overexpression of the ARRB1-derived miR-223 sponge repressed T-ALL progress and reduced the expression of miR-652-5p. However, little is known about miR-652-5p on T-ALL. Here, we showed that impaired miR-652-5p expression inhibited growth, promoted apoptosis of T-ALL cells in vitro and prolonged overall survival (OS) in vivo. Based on the GO enrichment of miR-652-5p target genes, we uncovered that impaired miR-652-5p decreased glycolysis, including reduced the lactate, pyruvate, ATP level and the total extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), elevated oxygen consumption rate (OCR) in T-ALL cell lines. Mechanically, miR-652-5p targeted the 3ʹUTR of Tigar mRNA and inhibited its expression. Furthermore, the alteration of glycosis level was attributed to Tigar overexpression, consistent with the effect of impaired miR-652-5p. Additionally, Tigar suppressed the expression of PFKFB3, a glycolysis rate-limiting enzyme, in vivo and in vitro. Taken together, our results demonstrate that impaired miR-652-5p/Tigar axis could repress glycolysis, thus to slow growth of T-ALL cells, which support miR-652-5p as a novel potential drug target for T-ALL therapeutics.
Downregulation of macrophage migration inhibitory factor attenuates NLRP3 inflammasome mediated pyroptosis in sepsis-induced AKI
Authors: Li Tianlong , Sun Haibin , Li Yiming , Su Lianjiu , Jiang Jun , Liu Ye , Jiang Nanhui , Huang Rong , Zhang Jiahao , Peng Zhiyong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSepsis-induced AKI (acute kidney injury) is considered an inflammation-related disease with high mortality. LPS-induced (Lipopolysaccharide) TLR4-NFκB pathway activation plays an important role in sepsis-induced AKI. Pyroptosis closely associated with inflammation response includes inflammasome formation, caspase1 activation and GSDMD N-terminal fragment cleavage that leads to cell membrane rupture and cell death, which may be related to the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced AKI. MIF (Macrophage migration inhibitory factor), associated with inflammation response, has been proved as a biomarker of sepsis, and perhaps regulate pyroptosis in sepsis-induced AKI. In this study, we focus on investigating the mechanism of MIF promoting pyroptosis in sepsis-induced AKI. MIF and pyroptosis-related proteins were up-regulated in kidney tissue of mice with CLP (cecum ligation puncture) surgery and in LPS-injured human kidney-2 (HK-2) cells. NLRP3 was down-regulated following the suppression of MIF topoisomerase activity by ISO-1 in kidney tissue of CLP mice. Knockdown of MIF alleviated NLRP3 inflammasome mediated pyroptosis in LPS-injured HK-2 cells. Meanwhile, we noted that phosphorylation of p65 was down-regulated by knockdown of MIF. Up-regulation of NLRP3 in response to LPS stimulation could be reversed by JSH-23, an inhibitor of NFκB pathway, but MIF was not affected. In conclusion, up-regulation of MIF in sepsis-induced AKI shows a renal damaged effect that aggravates NLRP3 inflammasome mediated cell pyroptosis through promoting phosphorylation of p65. This study demonstrated a novel mechanism of MIF regulating NLRP3 inflammasome mediated pyroptosis in sepsis-induced AKI.