bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minocycline treatment in clinically isolated syndrome and serum NfL, GFAP, and metalloproteinase levels
Authors: Camara-Lemarroy Carlos , Metz Luanne , Kuhle Jens , Leppert David , Willemse Eline , Li David KB , Traboulsee Anthony , Greenfield Jamie , Cerchiaro Graziela , Silva Claudia , Yong V Wee 
Published: July 2022

Background: In the trial of Minocycline in Clinically Isolated Syndrome (MinoCIS), minocycline significantly reduced the risk of conversion to clinically definite multiple sclerosis (CDMS). Neurofilament light chain (NfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) are emerging biomarkers in MS, and minocycline modulates matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Objective: To assess the value of blood NfL and GFAP as a biomarker of baseline and future disease activity and its utility to monitor treatment response in minocycline-treated patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS). Methods: We measured NfL, GFAP, and MMPs in blood samples from 96 patients with CIS from the MinoCIS study and compared biomarkers with clinical and radiologic characteristics and outcome. Results: At baseline, NfL levels correlated with T2 lesion load and number of gadolinium-enhancing lesions. Baseline NfL levels predicted conversion into CDMS at month 6. GFAP levels at baseline were correlated with T2 lesion volume. Minocycline treatment significantly increased NfL levels at 3 months but not at 6 months, and decreased GFAP levels at month 6. Minocycline decreased MMP-7 concentrations at month 1. Discussion: Blood NfL levels are associated with measures of disease activity in CIS and have prognostic value. Minocycline increased NfL levels at month 3, but reduced GFAP and MMP-7 levels.
The Proposal
Authors: Jackson Alana 
Published: July 2022

While the connection between arts, culture, and public health is not new, intentional efforts toward cross-sector collaboration in these areas are being lifted as timely and transformative. This is a call to artists, creatives, culture bearers, and activators. This is a call to public health practitioners, doctors, educators, and the myriad of peoples whose work touches the public’s health. In this piece, I propose a marriage of these two seemingly disparate disciplines—arts and public health—their actors and engagements. In this piece, I propose this marriage as dance, as movement, as evolution, even revolution. What could our world look like if more of the people and the sectors of arts and public health worked together to advance our most pressing public health priorities? I offer this work to help us imagine the possibilities of growing this intentional collaboration. This piece both proposes and marries; iterates and exemplifies. By presenting this work as poetry, I propose that art not be the afterthought, the accent, the cherry on top as we strive to address public health issues, a multitude exacerbated and illuminated in the face of COVID-19. I posit that art is the consistency, the substance, the forethought, and a vehicle through which we can come to realize the positive change that we hope to see. As we ponder our next potential public health engagements, know this. Not only can this marriage soothe us and move us; but it can literally improve us. This is the proposal. Will you accept? To view the original version of this poem, see the supplemental material section of this article online.
Sarcopenia and frailty combined increases the risk of mortality in patients with decompensated cirrhosis
Authors: Guo Gaoyue , Li Chaoqun , Hui Yangyang , Mao Lihong , Sun Mingyu , Li Yifan , Yang Wanting , Wang Xiaoyu , Yu Zihan , Fan Xiaofei , Jiang Kui , Sun Chao 
Published: July 2022

Background: Both sarcopenia and frailty are prevalent in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and associated with negative outcomes. However, few studies investigated the impact of their coexistence on mortality. We aimed to evaluate the role of sarcopenia and frailty on survival in a cohort of hospitalized cirrhotics. Methods: This was an observational cohort study including 221 patients hospitalized for decompensated events. The cutoff for low skeletal muscle index (SMI) at the third lumbar vertebra level on computed tomography built by our previous work (male: SMI <46.96 cm2/m2; female: SMI <32.46 cm2/m2) was used for the diagnosis of sarcopenia. Individuals with a Frailty Index >0.38 were considered frail. The sample was divided into four groups: sarcopenia and frailty (SF); sarcopenia and non-frailty (SN); non-sarcopenia and frailty (NF); and non-sarcopenia and non-frailty (NN). Follow-up for survival lasted 2 years. Results: Sarcopenia and frailty were present in 21.7% and 14.5% of the patients, respectively. The frequency of frailty in the group of sarcopenic patients was significantly higher than in the patients without sarcopenia (27.1% versus 11%, p = 0.009). In the survival analysis, the SF group showed a higher hazard ratio (2.604 in model 1; 4.294 in model 2) for mortality when compared with the NN group. In addition, the concurrence of those two conditions does give rise to incremental risk for mortality when compared with the group with each disturbance separately, namely, the SN/NF group. Conclusion: In conclusion, cirrhotic patients with sarcopenia and frailty combined showed higher mortality risk.
Frontline, Essential, and Invisible: The Needs of Low-Wage Workers in Hospital Settings During COVID-19
Authors: Zerden Lisa de Saxe , Richman Erica L. , Lombardi Brianna , Forte Alexandria B. 
Published: July 2022

Background: Frontline health care workers are particularly vulnerable to burnout and diminished well-being as they endure COVID-19 pandemic-related stressors. While physicians and nurses are the public face of those experiencing burnout in hospitals, these stressors also affect low-wage workers such as food and housekeeping/janitorial service workers whose roles largely remain “invisible” when conceptualizing the essential health workforce and understanding their needs. This study sought to understand the experiences of frontline essential workers to better support them and prevent burnout. Methods: Using a semi-structured interview guide, we conducted 20 in-depth qualitative interviews with workers in three U.S. states. Thematic content analysis was conducted to code and analyze interviews. Results: Workers had an average of 5.8 years in their jobs, which included food services, housekeeping/janitorial, and patient transport roles. Analysis revealed four prominent stressors contributing to worker burnout: changes in duties and staff shortages, fear of contracting or transmitting COVID-19, desire for recognition of their job-related risk, and unclear communication on safety precautions and resources. Protective factors included paid time-off, mental health supports, sense of workplace pride, and self-coping strategies. Conclusion/Application to Practice: As health systems continue to grapple with care delivery in the context of COVID-19, identifying best practices to support all workers and prevent burnout is vital to the functioning and safety of hospitals. Further consideration is warranted to create policies and multipronged interventions to meet workers’ tangible needs while shifting the culture, so all members of the health workforce are seen and valued.
External validation of ABCD series scores for predicting early stroke events following transient ischemic attack in a large nationwide registry
Authors: Weng Jia-Xu , Gu Hong-Qiu , Wang Shang , Yang Kai-Xuan , Yang Xin , Wang Chun-Juan , Meng Xia , Zhao Xing-Quan , Wang Yong-Jun , Li Zi-Xiao 
Published: July 2022

Introduction: In the context of modern guideline-based strategies, new validations of prognostic scores for predicting early stroke risk are needed. We aimed to compare the validity of the ABCD series scores and assess the incremental values of risk components for predicting in-hospital stroke events in patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA). Patients and methods: We abstracted data from the Chinese Stroke Center Alliance (CSCA), a nationwide registry with 68,433 TIA patients admitted within 7 days of symptom onset from 1476 hospitals. TIA was defined by time-based criteria according to the World Health Organization (WHO). The discrimination of ABCD, ABCD2, ABCD2-I, and ABCD3 scores for predicting in-hospital stroke events was assessed by the area under the receiver-operating characteristics curves (AUC). The incremental predictive values of added risk predictor were determined by net reclassification improvement (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI). Results: A total of 29,286 TIA patients were included, of whom 1466 (5.0%) had in-hospital stroke events. Compared with ABCD2-I score (AUC 0.79, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.77–0.80), ABCD (AUC 0.58, 95% CI 0.57–0.60), ABCD2 (AUC 0.58, 95% CI 0.56–0.59), and ABCD3 (AUC 0.58, 95% CI 0.56–0.60) had lower predictive utility. An incremental value was observed when adding infarction on DWI (IDI = 0.0597, NRI = 1.1036) into ABCD2 score to be ABCD2-I. Conclusion: The traditional scales utilizing medical history (ABCD, ABCD2, and ABCD3 scores) show fair ability for predicting in-hospital stroke events after TIA, but the ABCD2-I score, which adds infarction on DWI, improves the predictive ability.
Throat Spray With Blended Essential Oils Promotes Healthy Lung Function Among Women: A Randomized, Double Blinded, Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Hawkins Jessie , Hires Christy , Dunne Elizabeth , Keenan Lindsey 
Published: July 2022

Introduction There are numerous internal and external environmental threats to lung health. Compromised respiratory health can affect a person's quality of life. This clinical trial evaluated the effects of Teramune Bronchus on lung health among healthy adult women. Methods The participants were women, aged 18 - 60 years old (n = 35). They sprayed either the proprietary essential oil based blended product (Teramune Bronchus) or a placebo into their throats 4-6 times per day during waking hours for 3 days. There was a baseline survey before using the spray and then follow-up data were collected at the end of day 3. The three primary outcomes for this study include a total bronchial symptom score, the chest domain in the Wisconsin Upper Respiratory Symptom Scale (WURSS), and subjective bronchial wellbeing. Results On day 3, the bronchial health of the participants who received the throat spray had significantly larger change scores when compared those with the placebo spray. All chest-related symptoms were resolved fully by the end of the trial for the participants who used Teramune. Participants using the intervention were almost twice as likely to say they felt better and believed the product helped them achieve lung health. Conclusion This study provides evidence that the use of Teramune Bronchus supports respiratory health. Teramune Bronchus boosts respiratory health among healthy women through the use of plant-based essential oils.
Clinical Application of Intrasite™ Hydrogel Dressing for the Management of Facial Gunshot Wounds With a Complex Soft Tissue Avulsion Defect
Authors: Fournier Maxime Y. , Cutbirth Caroline K. , Lam Duc N. , Marchena Jose M. , Pearl Craig B. 
Published: July 2022

Study Design Case report Objective To present an alternative method to traditional iodoform gauze packing for the management of soft tissue defects. Hydrogel dressings are modern packing materials that can be used to hold negative space, provide moisture to the wound, and absorb wound exudates. Methods This report describes the case of a 28-year-old patient who suffered facial gunshot injuries, including an approximately 3-centimeter diameter avulsion of soft tissue at the posterior right cheek. After wound debridement and irrigation, Intrasite™ hydrogel was used as a wound dressing to fill the soft tissue defect. The injectable and slowly resorbable material was added as needed by the patient for eight weeks until wound healing. Results Wound healing by secondary intention was achieved with acceptable esthetic outcomes while avoiding traditional dressing changes. Conclusions Facial gunshot wounds present a multitude of challenges particularly when complex soft tissue avulsions are involved. The surgeon must adequately debride these wounds and manage soft tissue healing to prevent infection and ensure satisfactory aesthetic and functional outcomes. Long-term patient compliance is equally important; however, dressing changes are often difficult and uncomfortable for the patient. The use of an injectable hydrogel dressing facilitated soft tissue healing while affording greater comfort to the patient compared with traditional dressing changes, thus likely improving compliance during the crucial healing period.
Intraosseous delivery of platelet-targeted factor VIII lentiviral vector in humanized NBSGW mice
Authors: Joo Julia H. , Wang Xuefeng , Singh Swati , Chen Chun-Yu , Li Chong , Adair Jennifer E. , Kiem Hans-Peter , Rawlings David J. , Miao Carol H. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We previously showed that intraosseous (IO) delivery of factor VIII (FVIII, gene F8) lentiviral vector (LV) driven by the megakaryocyte-specific promoter Gp1bα (G-F8-LV) partially corrected the bleeding phenotype in hemophilia A (HemA) mice for up to 5 months. In this study, we further characterized and confirmed the successful transduction of self-regenerating hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) in treated mice. In addition, secondary transplant of HSPCs isolated from G-F8-LV–treated mice corrected the bleeding phenotype of the recipient HemA mice, indicating the potential of long-term transgene expression following IO-LV therapy. To facilitate the translation of this technology to human applications, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of this gene transfer therapy into human HSPCs. In vitro transduction of human HSPCs by the platelet-targeted G-F8-LV confirmed megakaryocyte-specific gene expression after preferential differentiation of HSPCs to megakaryocyte lineages. Lentiviral integration analysis detected a polyclonal integration pattern in G-F8-LV–transduced human cells, profiling the clinical safety of hemophilia treatment. Most importantly, IO delivery of G-F8-LV to humanized NBSGW mice produced persistent FVIII expression in human platelets after gene therapy, and the megakaryocytes differentiated from human CD34+ HSPCs isolated from LV-treated humanized mice showed up to 10.2% FVIII expression, indicating efficient transduction of self-regenerating human HSPCs. Collectively, these results indicate the long-term safety and efficacy of the IO-LV gene therapy strategy for HemA in a humanized model, adding further evidence to the feasibility of translating this method for clinical applications.
TMT-based proteomic analysis of liquorice root in response to drought stress
Authors: Zhang Dong , Yang Zhongren , Song Xiaoqing , Zhang Fenglan , Liu Yan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Drought stress is a serious threat to land use efficiency and crop yields worldwide. Understanding the mechanisms that plants use to withstand drought stress will help breeders to develop drought-tolerant medicinal crops. Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.) is an important medicinal crop in the legume family and is currently grown mostly in northwest China, it is highly tolerant to drought. Given this, it is considered an ideal crop to study plant stress tolerance and can be used to identify drought-resistant proteins. Therefore, to understand the effects of drought stress on protein levels of liquorice, we undertook a comparative proteomic analysis of liquorice seedlings grown for 10 days in soil with different relative water content (SRWC of 80%, 65%, 50% and 35%, respectively). We used an integrated approach of Tandem Mass Tag labeling in conjunction with LC–MS/MS.

Results
A total of 7409 proteins were identified in this study, of which 7305 total proteins could be quantified. There were 837 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) identified after different drought stresses. Compared with CK, 123 DEPs (80 up-regulated and 43 down-regulated) were found in LS; 353 DEPs (254 up-regulated and 99 down-regulated) in MS; and 564 DEPs (312 up-regulated and 252 down-regulated) in SS.The number of differentially expressed proteins increased with increasing water stress, and the number of up-regulated proteins was higher than that of down-regulated proteins in the different drought stress treatments compared with the CK. Used systematic bioinformatics analysis of these data to identify informative proteins we showed that osmolytes such as cottonseed sugars and proline accumulated under light drought stress and improved resistance. Under moderate and severe drought stress, oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids and accumulation of glucose and galactose increased in response to drought stress. Under moderate and severe drought stress synthesis of the terpene precursors, pentacene 2,3-epoxide and β-coumarin, was inhibited and accumulation of triterpenoids (glycyrrhetinic acid) was also affected.

Conclusions
These data provide a baseline reference for further study of the downstream liquorice proteome in response to drought stress. Our data show that liquorice roots exhibit specific response mechanisms to different drought stresses.
Genomic surveillance of Rift Valley fever virus: from sequencing to lineage assignment
Authors: Juma John , Fonseca Vagner , Konongoi Samson L. , van Heusden Peter , Roesel Kristina , Sang Rosemary , Bett Bernard , Christoffels Alan , de Oliveira Tulio , Oyola Samuel O. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGenetic evolution of Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) in Africa has been shaped mainly by environmental changes such as abnormal rainfall patterns and climate change that has occurred over the last few decades. These gradual environmental changes are believed to have effected gene migration from macro (geographical) to micro (reassortment) levels. Presently, 15 lineages of RVFV have been identified to be circulating within the Sub-Saharan Africa. International trade in livestock and movement of mosquitoes are thought to be responsible for the outbreaks occurring outside endemic or enzootic regions. Virus spillover events contribute to outbreaks as was demonstrated by the largest epidemic of 1977 in Egypt. Genomic surveillance of the virus evolution is crucial in developing intervention strategies. Therefore, we have developed a computational tool for rapidly classifying and assigning lineages of the RVFV isolates. The computational method is presented both as a command line tool and a web application hosted at https://www.genomedetective.com/app/typingtool/rvfv/. Validation of the tool has been performed on a large dataset using glycoprotein gene (Gn) and whole genome sequences of the Large (L), Medium (M) and Small (S) segments of the RVFV retrieved from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) GenBank database. Using the Gn nucleotide sequences, the RVFV typing tool was able to correctly classify all 234 RVFV sequences at species level with 100% specificity, sensitivity and accuracy. All the sequences in lineages A (n = 10), B (n = 1), C (n = 88), D (n = 1), E (n = 3), F (n = 2), G (n = 2), H (n = 105), I (n = 2), J (n = 1), K (n = 4), L (n = 8), M (n = 1), N (n = 5) and O (n = 1) were also correctly classified at phylogenetic level. Lineage assignment using whole RVFV genome sequences (L, M and S-segments) did not achieve 100% specificity, sensitivity and accuracy for all the sequences analyzed. We further tested our tool using genomic data that we generated by sequencing 5 samples collected following a recent RVF outbreak in Kenya. All the 5 samples were assigned lineage C by both the partial (Gn) and whole genome sequence classifiers. The tool is useful in tracing the origin of outbreaks and supporting surveillance efforts.Availability: https://github.com/ajodeh-juma/rvfvtyping
Toripalimab combined with concurrent platinum-based Chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced cervical Cancer: an open-label, single-arm, phase II trial
Authors: Chen Jie , Li Chen , Cao Yuanjie , Zhu Li , Zhang Bailin , You Jinqiang , Hou Hailing , Wang Jing , Yuan Zhiyong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Concurrent chemoradiotherapy is currently the standard of care for patients with locally advanced cervical cancer. However, even with the application of modern radiotherapy techniques, a considerable number of patients still develop distant metastases. PD-L1 inhibitors show good efficacy in cervical cancer. This single-arm phase II study aims to explore the efficacy and tolerability of combining PD-L1 inhibitor with concurrent chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer.

Methods/design
The primary endpoint of the study was the objective response rate assessed according to RECIST v1.1 criteria. The inclusion criteria were previously untreated patients aged 18–75 years with stage III-IVA (FIGO 2018 staging system) locally advanced cervical cancer. During concurrent chemoradiotherapy and consolidation chemotherapy, the enrolled patients will receive toripalimab (240 mg) every 3 weeks. After consolidation chemotherapy, the enrolled patients will be treated with toripalimab (240 mg) once every 6 weeks until the whole treatment cycle reaches 1 year. Intensity modulated radiotherapy was used for external beam radiation, and high-dose rate brachytherapy was delivered under image-guidance. Weekly DDP (40 mg/m2) was given concurrently with radiotherapy while 6 cycles of consolidated chemotherapy (paclitaxel plus DDP) were given after radiotherapy every three weeks. ﻿Secondary objectives included safety and tolerability, toxicity profile, progression-free survival, and overall survival.

Discussion
PD-L1 inhibitor has shown good efficacy in recurrent/metastatic cervical cancer. However, there is still a lack of evidence about its combination with concurrent chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer. The purpose of this study is to explore the efficacy and tolerance of this combination therapy, so as to lay the foundation for the future phase III randomized study.

Trial registration
﻿clinicaltrials.govNCT05084677. ﻿Retrospectively registered on Octorber 07, 2021.