bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A protein microarray‐based serum proteomic investigation reveals distinct autoantibody signature in colorectal cancer
Authors: Barpanda Abhilash , Tuckley Chaitanya , Ray Arka , Banerjee Arghya , Duttagupta Siddhartha P. , Kantharia Chetan , Srivastava Sanjeeva 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPurposeColorectal cancer (CRC) has been reported as the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The 5‐year annual survival is around 50%, mainly due to late diagnosis, striking necessity for early detection. This study aims to identify autoantibody in patients’ sera for early screening of cancer.Experimental DesignThe study used a high‐density human proteome array with approximately 17,000 recombinant proteins. Screening of sera from healthy individuals, CRC from Indian origin, and CRC from middle‐east Asia origin were performed. Bio‐statistical analysis was performed to identify significant autoantibodies altered. Pathway analysis was performed to explore the underlying mechanism of the disease.ResultsThe comprehensive proteomic analysis revealed dysregulation of 15 panels of proteins including CORO7, KCNAB1, WRAP53, NDUFS6, KRT30, and COLGALT2. Further biological pathway analysis for the top dysregulated autoantigenic proteins revealed perturbation in important biological pathways such as ECM degradation and cytoskeletal remodeling etc.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceThe generation of an autoimmune response against cancer‐linked pathways could be linked to the screening of the disease. The process of immune surveillance can be detected at an early stage of cancer. Moreover, AAbs can be easily extracted from blood serum through the least invasive test for disease screening.
Using ensemble learning and genetic algorithm on magnetic resonance imaging radiomics to classify molecular subtypes of breast cancer
Authors: Le Nguyen Quoc Khanh , Ho Dang Khanh Ngan , Ta Hoang Dang Khoa , Nguyen Hieu Trung 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBreast cancer (BRCA) is one of the most frequent malignant tumors with the highest incidence of cancer and the second most common oncologic cause of death in women. BRCA can be classified into different molecular subtypes, such as basal‐like, represented by triple‐negative BRCA (estrogen receptor [ER] negative, progesterone receptor [PR] negative, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 [HER‐2] negative). This study aims to determine whether radiomics features extracted from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could be used to distinguish various BRCA molecular subtypes. This study retrospectively collected a dataset of 922 BRCA patients with MRIs and experimental genomic profiles. A genetic algorithm is then employed to select the optimal MRI features for each subproblem. Subsequently, stacking ensemble learning is implemented to learn these features and generate the prediction outcomes. Our model showed a significant performance of 0.700, 0.732, and 0.642 (area under the curve; AUC) in predicting ER, PR, and HER‐2 statuses. For multiclassification of Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2, and TNBC, the AUCs reached 0.672, 0.624, 0.639, and 0.669, respectively. Our model is superior in most subtypes compared to the state‐of‐the‐art predictors on the same dataset. In conclusion, genetic algorithm and ensemble learning can be suitable for BRCA subtype classification with high performance.
Combined Fermionic and Bosonic T‐duality of Type II Superstring Theory with Coordinate Dependent RR Field
Authors: Nikolić B. , Obrić D. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe investigate effects of fermionic T‐duality on type II superstring in presence of Ramond‐Ramond (RR) field that has infinitesimal linear dependence on bosonic coordinate xμ. Other fields are assumed to be constant. Procedure that we employ for obtaining fermionic T‐dual theory is Buscher procedure, where we will consider two distinct cases. One, where action has not been T‐dualized along bosonic coordinates and other where it has. By analyzing these two cases, their actions and T‐dual transformation laws, we obtain some insight into how background fields transform and what are necessary ingredients for emergence of fermionic non‐commutativity.
Opioid‐related adverse drug reactions in patients visiting the emergency division of a tertiary hospital
Authors: Ing Lorenzini Kuntheavy , Wainstein Laura , Spechbach Hervé , Sarasin François , Ramlawi Majd , Desmeules Jules , Piguet Valérie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOpioid use and associated morbidity and mortality have increased in several countries during the past 20 years. We performed a study whose objective was to assess the frequency and causes of opioid‐related emergency division (ED) visits in an adult tertiary Swiss University Hospital over 9 weeks in 2018. We primarily assessed opioid‐related adverse drug reactions (ADR), secondary overdose, misuse, abuse, and insufficient pain relief. Current opioid use was identified in 1037 (8.3%) of the 12 470 included ED visits. In 64 opioid users, an ADR was identified as a contributing cause of the ED visit, representing 6.2% of opioid users, and 0.5% of the total ED visits. Moreover, we identified an overdose in 16 opioid users, misuse or abuse in 19 opioid users, and compatible withdrawal symptoms in 7 opioid users. After pooling all these events, we conclude that the ED visits could be related to opioid use in 10.2% of opioid users. Finally, in 201 opioid users, insufficient pain relief (pain not responding to the current pharmacological treatment) was identified as a contributing cause of ED visits. In these cases, other factors than simply pharmacological nonresponse may have been involved. In the context of an ever‐increasing opioid use to better control chronic pain situations, these results should reinforce emergency network epidemiological surveillance studies at a national level.
Description of Photodegradation Mechanisms and Structural Characteristics in Carbon@Titania Yolk–Shell Nanostructures by XAS
Authors: Hsu Chih‐Hao , Huang Wei‐Hsiang , Lin Chin‐Jung , Huang Chun‐Hao , Chen Yi‐Che , Kumar Krishna , Lin Yan‐Gu , Dong Chung‐Li , Wu Maw‐Kuen , Hwang Bing Joe , Su Wei‐Nien , Chen Shih‐Yun , Chen Chi‐Liang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCarbon@titania yolk–shell nanostructures are successfully synthesized at different calcination conditions. These unique structure nanomaterials can be used as a photocatalyst to degrade the emerging water pollutant, acetaminophen (paracetamol). The photodegradation analysis studies have shown that the samples with residual carbon nanospheres have improved the photocatalytic efficiency. The local electronic and atomic structure of the nanostructures are analyzed by X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) measurements. The spectra confirm that the hollow shell has an anatase phase structure, slight lattice distortion, and variation in Ti 3d orbital orientation. In situ XAS measurements reveal that the existence of amorphous carbon nanospheres inside the nano spherical shell inhibit the recombination of electron–hole pairs; more mobile holes are formed in the p–d hybridized bands near the Fermi surface and enables the acceleration of the carries that significantly enhance the photodegradation of paracetamol under UV–visible irradiation. The observed charge transfer process from TiO2 hybridized orbital to the carbon nanospheres reduces the recombination rate of electrons and holes, thus increasing the photocatalytic efficiency.
Bioinspired Impact‐Resistant and Self‐Monitoring Nanofibrous Composites
Authors: Zhang Zhen‐Bang , He ZeZhou , Pan Xiao‐Feng , Gao Huai‐Ling , Chen Si‐Ming , Zhu YinBo , Cao Saisai , Zhao Chunyu , Wu Shuang , Gong Xinglong , Wu HengAn , Yu Shu‐Hong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLightweight and impact‐resistant materials with self‐monitoring capability are highly desired for protective applications, but are challenging to be artificially fabricated. Herein, a scalable‐manufactured aramid nanofiber (ANF)‐based composite combining these key properties is presented. Inspired by the strengthening and toughening mechanisms relying on recoverable interfaces commonly existing in biological composites, mechanically weak but dense hydrogen bonds are introduced into the ANF interfaces to achieve simultaneously enhanced tensile strength (300 MPa), toughness (55 MJ m−3), and impact resistance of the nanofibrous composite. The achieved mechanical property combination displays attractive advantages compared with that of most of previously reported nanocomposites. Additionally, the nanofibrous composite is designed with a capability for real‐time self‐monitoring of its structural safety during both quasi‐static tensile and dynamic impact processes, based on the strain/damage‐induced resistance variations of a conductive nanowire network inside it. These comprehensive properties enable the present nanofibrous composite with promising potential for protective applications.
Soft Magnetic Microrobots for Photoactive Pollutant Removal
Authors: Maria‐Hormigos Roberto , Mayorga‐Martinez Carmen C. , Pumera Martin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract“Soft” robotics based on hydrogels appears as an alternative to the traditional technology of “hard” robotics. Soft microrobots are employed for drug delivery and cell manipulation. This work develops magnetic hydrogel‐based microrobots using chitosan (CHI) as the body of the micromotor and Fe3O4 nanoparticles to allow for its magnetic actuation. In addition, ZnO nanoparticles are incorporated inside the CHI body of the microrobot to act as an active component for pollutants photodegradation. CHI@Fe3O4‐ZnO microrobots are used for the efficient photodegradation of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The high absorption of CHI hydrogel enhances the POP photodegradation, degrading it 75% in just 30 min. The adsorption‐degradation and magnetic properties of CHI@Fe3O4‐ZnO microrobots are used in five cycles while maintaining up to 60% photodegradation efficiency. The proof‐of‐concept present in this work represents a simple way to obtain soft microrobots with magnetic actuation and photodegradation functionalities for several water purification applications.
Experimental investigation of cracking localization in RC beams with steel fibers
Authors: Gebreyesus Yosef Y. , Karinski Yuri S. , Dancygier Avraham N. , di Prisco Marco 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article presents an experimental study aimed to identify and quantify the cracking localization (CL) phenomenon in under‐reinforced R/SFRC beams. Results of current experiments together with those of previous tests published by the authors were used for quantification of the cracking localization level (CLL) considering the effect of fiber content, Vf, and of longitudinal reinforcement ratio, ρs, over a wide range of ρs and the effect of rebar yield and ultimate strengths. The experimental program consisted of four‐point bending tests of normal strength R/SFRC beam specimens with 400 and 500‐MPa steel and fiber volumetric contents Vf of 0.5 and 0.76%. A new definition is introduced for “significantly wide cracks” that yields a unique definition of the CLL when this phenomenon diminishes. Moreover, it is now proposed to change the definition of CLL. The study identified the existence of a transition point (TP), beyond which addition of fibers to the concrete mix do not affect CLL anymore. Observations from the experimental results prove the consistency of the newly proposed CLL definitions as well as the dependency of CL on both the amount and stress hardening of the tension steel. Their use enables a clear delineation of the CL phenomenon in R/SFRC beams. The importance of this finding refers to the reported decrease of flexural ductility in R/SFRC beams due to high CLL. Hence, the importance of the ability, achieved in the current findings, to quantify the conditions for TPs in various cases.
Experimental investigations of precast concrete column with spliced connections based on ultrahigh‐performance fiber‐reinforced concrete
Authors: Hu Xinyu , Xue Weichen , Song Jiazheng , Mao Jize 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWhen compared with normal concrete, ultrahigh‐performance fiber‐reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) could signally enhance the bond with reinforcing bars. Accordingly, incorporating UHPFRC to connect precast concrete columns allows smaller bar splice lengths and provides ease of construction. In this article, a two‐stage research program was presented. First, the behavior of double‐row spliced rebars in UHPFRC was tested under direct tension, and the bars adopted internal strain measurement to characterize the bond stress distribution along the splice length. The failure of specimens was governed by UHPFRC splitting, and the bond stress of spliced rebars in UHPFRC presented a two‐local peaks profile. Second, the hysteretic performance of precast concrete columns with spliced connections based on UHPFRC was determined by full‐scaled cyclic tests and numerical simulations. Precast columns with UHPFRC connections at the column base exhibited similar ductility, energy dissipation capacity, and higher bearing capacity to the monolithic concrete columns. Finally, some practical considerations and recommendations were proposed.
Contextualizing embodied carbon emissions of concrete using mixture design parameters and performance metrics
Authors: Helsel Michelle A. , Rangelov Milena , Montanari Luca , Spragg Robert , Carrion Migdalia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMultiple initiatives advocate for reducing embodied carbon (i.e., greenhouse gas emissions) associated with concrete production. Even though readily implementable strategies exist, practitioners are concerned that reducing embodied carbon emissions may adversely affect concrete performance and durability, resulting in detrimental effects from a life cycle perspective. To address such concerns, this study investigated the correlations between embodied carbon of concrete mixtures, mixture design parameters, and experimentally measured mechanical and durability properties. The analyzed datasets included 145 mixtures, featuring a variety of mixture designs from laboratory and field studies. The results indicate that the cement content is the most significant predictor of global warming potential (GWP) and that considerable GWP savings can be achieved by reducing and replacing cement without compromising performance. Clear correlations of GWP with compressive strength were not identified, while the results demonstrated that reduced GWP and increased electrically based resistivity (the utilized durability indicator) often occur in synergy.
Use of waste glass as fine aggregate in ambient cured alkali‐activated mortars
Authors: Qian Yuqin , Sheikh M. Neaz , Feng Hu , Hadi Muhammad N. S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study investigated the feasibility of using two types of waste glass sand as fine aggregate replacement in ambient cured alkali‐activated mortars (AAMs). Fly ash (FA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag were used as aluminosilicate source materials to produce the AAMs. The waste glass sand was used to replace 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% fine aggregate (by mass) in AAMs. The influences of the use of waste glass sand, for the replacement of fine aggregate, on slump flow, setting time, compressive strength, and flexural strength of ambient cured AAMs were evaluated. It was found that the slump flow and setting time of ambient cured AAMs significantly increased as the percentage of replacement of fine aggregate by waste glass sand increased. However, the compressive and flexural strengths of ambient cured AAMs decreased when 50% and over fine aggregate were replaced by waste glass sand. The ambient cured AAMs with 25% replacement of fine aggregate with waste glass sand achieved the highest compressive and flexural strengths. Scanning electron microscope analysis indicated that the increase in the compressive strength and flexural strength of AAMs was due to the bridging‐like effect and filling effect provided by the waste glass sand. The use of waste glass sand as a partial replacement of fine aggregate in ambient cured AAMs was found to be feasible. In addition, 25% of the fine aggregate replaced by waste glass sand resulted in the best mechanical properties for ambient cured AAMs.
Rotenone induces mortality of invasive Lake Trout and Rainbow Trout embryos
Authors: Poole Alex S. , Koel Todd M. , Zale Alexander V. , Webb Molly A. H. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective
Nonnative fish, including Lake Trout Salvelinus namaycush and Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, are actively invading lakes and streams and threatening Cutthroat Trout O. clarkii and other native species in the western United States. Programs have been implemented to suppress invasive trout using netting, trapping, electrofishing, angling, or other traditional capture methods. Because these methods are costly and primarily target older, free-swimming life stages, development of new suppression methods that target embryos on spawning areas is desired to increase suppression efficacy and reduce long-term costs.

Methods
We evaluated the capability of rotenone, N-methylpyrrolidone, diethylene glycol ethyl ether, sodium chloride, calcium carbonate, and gelatin to induce mortality of Lake Trout and Rainbow Trout embryos in controlled laboratory experiments.

Result
Exposure to liquid and powdered rotenone formulations for 12 h at 4 mg/L caused 98% ± 0.7 (mean ± SE) and 99% ± 0.6 Lake Trout mortality, respectively. Exposure to liquid and powdered rotenone formulations for 12 h at 4 mg/L caused 62% ± 4.7 and 85% ± 3.2 Rainbow Trout mortality, respectively. N-methylpyrrolidone, diethylene glycol ethyl ether, sodium chloride, calcium carbonate, and gelatin exposures were not effective at increasing embryo mortality of either species.

Conclusion
Developing embryos represent a vulnerable life history stage that can be exploited by targeted applications of rotenone. Incorporating novel suppression techniques that effectively increase mortality of embryos in an integrated pest management approach may enhance effective suppression of invasive fishes.
The Effect of Inhaling an Essential Oil Compound Containing Eupatorium fortunei Turcz: A Pilot Study
Authors: Cai Zhong‐Zhen , Tang Sha , Wang Lin , Feng Qian , Teng Jie , Chen Yu , Yang Qiao‐li , Li Meng‐Mei , Su Tian‐Fu , Bai Xue‐Mei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study evaluated the effects of essential oils mainly containing Eupatorium fortune Turcz (EFCO, E. fortune Turcz extract, water calamus extract, grapefruit extract, lavender extract, mixed in the ratio of 6:1:1:1:0.1 by volume) on heart rate variability (HRV), forced vital capacity (FVC), and salivary hormones in 33 scientific researchers. The experimental design was a quasi‐experimental study with pre‐ and post‐testing and no control group. Subjects were tested for four immediate indicators before and after essential oils inhalation, for 30 s before each meal for the next 30 days, and for body mass index (BMI) after 30 days. For immediate effects, we observed significant increases in HRV (31%), spirometry (12%) and salivary oxytocin (26%), and a decrease in salivary cortisol (4.5%). BMI decreased by 1% after 1 month of intervention. Based on the observed changes in physiological parameters, EFCO helped to reduce stress, improve exercise performance and mood, and even promote weight loss. © 2022 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in animals of the Arabian Peninsula between 2000–2020: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Abdelgadier Asmaa , Assaad Nada , Elhussein Zaynab , Al‐Marri Abdulla M. , Suliman Sami , Eltom Khalid , Al‐Mslemani Ebtisam A. , Al‐Zeyara Abdul Azia , Hussein Abdel Rahim M. El , Enan Khalid A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundToxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is a zoonotic parasite that can be transmitted from animals to humans, with felids acting as its definitive host. Thus, understanding the epidemiology of this parasite in animal populations is vital to controlling its transmission to humans as well as to other animal groups.ObjectivesThis systematic review and meta‐analysis aims to summarise and analyse reports of T. gondii infection in animal species residing in the Arabian Peninsula.Methods: It was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA), with relevant studies being retrieved from MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar and ScienceDirect. All articles published in Arabic or English languages between January 2000 and December 2020 were screened for eligibility. Random effects model was used to calculate the pooled prevalence of T. gondii infection in different animal populations which were found to harbour this infection. The critical appraisal tool for prevalence studies designed by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) was used to assess the risk of bias in all included studies.ResultsA total of 15 studies were retrieved, reporting prevalence estimates from 4 countries in this region and in 13 animal species. Quantitative meta‐analysis estimated a pooled prevalence of 43% in felids [95% confidence interval (CI) = 23–64%, I2 index = 100%], 48% in sheep (95% CI = 27–70%, I2 = 99%) and 21% in camels (95% CI = 7–35%, I2 = 99%). Evidence of possible publication bias was found in both felids and sheep.ConclusionsThis meta‐analysis estimates a high prevalence of T. gondii infection in animal species which are of high economic and cultural importance to countries of this region. Hence, these findings provide valuable insight to public health authorities as well as economic and animal resources advisors in countries of the Arabian Peninsula.
Time-Domain and Frequency-Domain
Authors: Keller Reto B. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis chapter introduces the transformation from time-domain to frequency-domain and vice versa. Electrical signals—periodic or nonperiodic—can be measured in the time-domain (e.g., with an oscilloscope) or in the frequency-domain (e.g., with a spectrum analyzer). This means that an electrical signal can be described either in the time- or frequency-domain. The time-domain representation helps you to determine the signal integrity (ringing, reflection). In contrast, the frequency-domain representation helps you to determine at which frequencies a signal potentially leads to radiated emissions.As an EMC design engineer and troubleshooter, it is crucial to understand the dependencies and relationship between the time-domain and the frequency-domain.
Surface Geology of Kuwait
Authors: AlRefaei Yaqoub , Najem Ali , Amer Aimen , Al-Qattan Faisal 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis chapter represents a comprehensive review of Kuwait’s surface geology and stratigraphy from previous works accomplished by numerous geoscience researchers in the past decades. The surface of Kuwait is characterized by nearly flat topography, featureless to gently undulating, apart from a few tens of meters of escarpments in the north and south, and flat low to moderately elevated hills and ridges. It predominantly consists of siliciclastic sediments and sedimentary rock units ranging in age from Middle Eocene to Holocene. The main stratigraphic exposed successions are located in Jal Az-Zor escarpment, Al-Subyiah (Bahrah) area, Ahmadi Quarry, the Khiran Ridges, and the Enjefa Beach. The oldest exposed rock units are represented by the Middle Eocene Dammam Formation, which is exposed at the Ahmadi Quarry, whereas the youngest recent deposits cover most of Kuwait’s surficial area and lie on top of the Kuwait Group’s deposits. This chapter will illustrate the geology and stratigraphy of Kuwait's surface sediments and sedimentary rock strata. Recommendations and future insights were also documented as part of the way forward to improve the presently available work for the surface geology of Kuwait.