bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In-silico and in-vitro studies on the efficacy of mangiferin against colorectal cancer
Authors: Samadarsi Rohini , Augustin Linus , Kumar Chandan , Dutta Debjani 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Mangiferin is a C-glycoside xanthone molecule having a wide range of therapeutic properties. Hence, the present study aims to understand the efficacy of mangiferin against colorectal cancer (CRC) and to elucidate the mechanisms of action of mangiferin on colorectal cancer.

Method
The molecular mechanism of mangiferin against colorectal cancer was studied using Autodock Vina software. Pharmacophore analysis of mangiferin concerning five COX-2 inhibitor drugs was carried out using the PharmaGist server to analyze the possibility of using mangiferin as a COX-2 inhibitor. In vitro analysis of Mangiferin against various cancer cell lines was performed.

Results
The molecular mechanism of action of mangiferin against CRC was assessed by docking with multiple target proteins involved in the progression of CRC. Docking studies showed good binding scores (kcal/mol) ranging from − 10.3 to − 6.7. Mangiferin showed a good affinity towards enzymes like COX-2 and LA4H involved in Arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism with a binding score(kcal/mol) of − 10.1 and − 10.3 respectively. The pharmacophore feature assessment of mangiferin was done for COX-2 inhibitor drugs, which further confirmed that mangiferin poses the same pharmacophore feature as that of COX-2 inhibitor drugs. Furthermore, the binding affinity of mangiferin was compared with five COX-2 inhibitor drugs to prove its efficacy as an inhibitor. Mangiferin also had a cytotoxic effect against colorectal cancer (HT 29), cervical cancer (HeLa), and breast cancer (MCF 7) cell lines. The study could establish that Mangiferin might be a promising candidate for the treatment of colorectal cancer.

Conclusion
In short, these studies exploited the possibility of mangiferin as a lead molecule to develop anticancer/anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment of CRC.
Diversity of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ticks and small mammals from different habitats
Authors: Król Nina , Obiegala Anna , Imholt Christian , Arz Charlotte , Schmidt Elisabeth , Jeske Kathrin , Ulrich Rainer Günter , Rentería‑Solís Zaida , Jacob Jens , Pfeffer Martin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Ixodid ticks are important vectors for zoonotic pathogens, with Ixodes ricinus being the most important in Europe. Rodents are hosts of immature life stages of I. ricinus ticks and are considered main reservoirs for tick-borne pathogens, e.g. Borrelia burgdorferi. The aim of this study was to analyse the prevalence as well as genospecies and sequence type (ST) diversity of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ticks and small mammals from central Germany and to elaborate on the influence of environmental and/or individual host and vector factors on Borrelia prevalence.

Methods
After species identification, 1167 small mammal skin samples and 1094 ticks from vegetation were screened by B. burgdorferi sensu lato real-time polymerase chain reaction, and positive samples were characterized by multilocus sequence typing. Generalized linear (mixed) models were used to estimate how seasonality, small mammal species/tick life stage and habitat affect individual infection status.

Results
In total, 10 small mammal species and three tick species, Ixodes ricinus, Ixodes inopinatus (both considered members of the I. ricinus complex) and Dermacentor reticulatus, were investigated. Borrelia DNA was detected in eight host species, i.e. the striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius), the yellow-necked field mouse (Apodemus flavicollis), the wood mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus), the water vole (Arvicola amphibius), the bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus), the field vole (Microtus agrestis), the common vole (Microtus arvalis), and the common shrew (Sorex araneus). Two species were Borrelia negative, the greater white-toothed shrew (Crocidura russula) and the pygmy shrew (Sorex minutus). The average prevalence was 6.2%, with two genospecies detected, Borrelia afzelii and Borrelia garinii, and at least three STs that had not been previously reported in small mammals. Borrelia prevalence in small mammals did not differ between seasons. Six genospecies of Borrelia—Borrelia afzelii, Borrelia valaisiana, Borrelia garinii, Borrelia lusitaniae, Borrelia spielmanii, and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto—and 25 STs of Borrelia, of which 12 have not been previously described at all and five have not been previously reported in Germany, were detected in 13% of I. ricinus complex ticks. Prevalence was highest in adult females (25.3%) and lowest in nymphs (11.4%). Prevalence was significantly higher in ticks from grassland (16.8%) compared to forests (11.4%).

Conclusions
The high level of small mammal diversity in this region of Germany seems to be reflected in a wide variety of genospecies and STs of B. burgdorferi.

Graphical abstract
Toll like receptor 4 gene Asp299Gly polymorphism increases the risk of diabetic microvascular complications: a meta analysis
Authors: Zhang Yuqi , Li Huanhuan , Wang Chenyi , Lv Haihong , Fu Songbo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective
The relationship between Toll like receptor 4(TLR4) gene Asp299Gly polymorphism and diabetic microvascular complications (DMI) is unclear. Therefore, the aim of this meta analysis was to explore the relationship between TLR4 Asp299Gly polymorphism and DMI.

Methods
System search PubMed, Web of science, Springer, Cochrane library, ELSEVIER, Wanfang database, VIP, CNKI, a case–control study of the correlation between TLR4 gene Asp299Gly polymorphism and DMI published before June 2020 was collected.

Results
We included 6 articles, a total of 11 studies involving patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated by microvascular complications 1834 cases, without corresponding microvascular complications 4069 cases. TLR4 gene Asp299Gly polymorphism increased the risk of microvascular complications in T2DM (dominant model OR = 1.52, 95% CI 1.10–2.09, p = 0.01; allelic model OR = 1.42, 95% CI 1.02–1.96, p = 0.04). Subgroup analysis by race and different type of microvascular complications, we found that TLR4 gene Asp299Gly polymorphism was associated with increased risk of microvascular complications in the Caucasian population (dominant model OR = 1.69, 95% CI 1.22–2.35, P = 0.002; allelic model OR = 1.56, 95% CI 1.10–2.21, P = 0.01) and increased the risk of retinopathy in patients with T2DM(dominant model OR = 1.81, 95% CI 1.04–3.14, P = 0.03; allelic model OR = 1.77, 95% CI 1.05–2.98, P = 0.03).

Conclusion
TLR4 gene Asp299Gly polymorphism was associated with increased risk of microvascular complications in patients with T2DM, especially diabetic retinopathy (DR).
A systematic review and meta-analysis on the differentiation of glioma grade and mutational status by use of perfusion-based magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: van Santwijk Lusien , Kouwenberg Valentina , Meijer Frederick , Smits Marion , Henssen Dylan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Molecular characterization plays a crucial role in glioma classification which impacts treatment strategy and patient outcome. Dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) and dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) perfusion imaging have been suggested as methods to help characterize glioma in a non-invasive fashion. This study set out to review and meta-analyze the evidence on the accuracy of DSC and/or DCE perfusion MRI in predicting IDH genotype and 1p/19q integrity status.

Methods
After systematic literature search on Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library, a qualitative meta-synthesis and quantitative meta-analysis were conducted. Meta-analysis was carried out on aggregated AUC data for different perfusion metrics.

Results
Of 680 papers, twelve were included for the qualitative meta-synthesis, totaling 1384 patients. It was observed that CBV, ktrans, Ve and Vp values were, in general, significantly higher in IDH wildtype compared to IDH mutated glioma. Meta-analysis comprising of five papers (totaling 316 patients) showed that the AUC of CBV, ktrans, Ve and Vp were 0.85 (95%-CI 0.75–0.93), 0.81 (95%-CI 0.74–0.89), 0.84 (95%-CI 0.71–0.97) and 0.76 (95%-CI 0.61–0.90), respectively. No conclusive data on the prediction of 1p/19q integrity was available from these studies.

Conclusions
Future research should aim to predict 1p/19q integrity based on perfusion MRI data. Additionally, correlations with other clinically relevant outcomes should be further investigated, including patient stratification for treatment and overall survival.
The role of the immune system in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and potential therapeutic impacts of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles
Authors: Moayedfard Zahra , Sani Farnaz , Alizadeh Aliakbar , Bagheri Lankarani Kamran , Zarei Mohammad , Azarpira Negar 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNon-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is characterized by intra-hepatocyte triglyceride accumulation and concomitant involvement of the immune system with subsequent histological changes, tissue damage, and clinical findings. There are various molecular pathways involved in the progression of NAFLD including lipotoxicity, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and the immune response. Both innate and adaptive immune systems are involved in the NAFLD pathogenesis, and crosstalk between the immune cells and liver cells participates in its initiation and progression. Among the various treatments for this disease, new cell based therapies have been proposed. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) (MSC-EVs) are new cell-free vehicles with low immunogenicity, which can suppress detrimental immune responses in inflamed tissues. This review aimed to express the immune system’s molecular pathways associated with the initiation and progression of NAFLD. Then, the possible role of MSC-EVs in the treatment of this entity through immune response modulation was discussed. Finally, engineered EVs enhanced by specific therapeutic miRNA were suggested for alleviating the pathological cellular events in liver disease.
Analysis of the benefits of imputation models over traditional QSAR models for toxicity prediction
Authors: Walter Moritz , Allen Luke N. , de la Vega de León Antonio , Webb Samuel J. , Gillet Valerie J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRecently, imputation techniques have been adapted to predict activity values among sparse bioactivity matrices, showing improvements in predictive performance over traditional QSAR models. These models are able to use experimental activity values for auxiliary assays when predicting the activity of a test compound on a specific assay. In this study, we tested three different multi-task imputation techniques on three classification-based toxicity datasets: two of small scale (12 assays each) and one large scale with 417 assays. Moreover, we analyzed in detail the improvements shown by the imputation models. We found that test compounds that were dissimilar to training compounds, as well as test compounds with a large number of experimental values for other assays, showed the largest improvements. We also investigated the impact of sparsity on the improvements seen as well as the relatedness of the assays being considered. Our results show that even a small amount of additional information can provide imputation methods with a strong boost in predictive performance over traditional single task and multi-task predictive models.
Bifidobacterium BLa80 mitigates colitis by altering gut microbiota and alleviating inflammation
Authors: Dong Yao , Liao Wenyan , Tang Jing , Fei Teng , Gai Zhonghui , Han Mei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study was conducted to explore the therapeutic effect of the probioticBifidobacterium animalissubsp.lactisBLa80 on inflammatory bowel disease. A model of ulcerative colitis (UC) was induced in C57BL/6 mice by administering of 2.5% dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) for 8 days. After developing UC, some mice were treated via intragastric administration of BLa80 at a dose of 109colony-forming units to assess the preventive effects of BLa80 on DSS-induced UC. Compared with non-treated UC model mice, BLa80-treated mice had reduced colon shortening and improvements in colonic tissue structure. Treatment with BLa80 also decreased the serum concentrations of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL) 6 and IL-17 in mice. 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that BLa80 increased gut microbial diversity in mice and modulated UC-associated imbalances in the gut microbiota. BLa80 selectively promoted the growth of beneficial bacteria, includingRomboutsiaandAdlercreutzia, the abundances of which were negatively correlated with concentration of cellular inflammatory factors. In summary, the study results demonstrated that pretreatment withB.lactisBLa80 reduced intestinal inflammation and altered the gut microbiota, implying that BLa80 is a promising probiotic strain with potential therapeutic function in UC.
Nitrogen deposition causes eutrophication in bryophyte communities in central and northern European forests
Authors: Weldon James , Merder Julian , Ferretti Marco , Grandin Ulf 
Published: June 2022

AbstractKey messageOur results indicate that nitrogen deposition is likely to adversely affect forest bryophyte communities, having negative impacts in terms of increased dominance of nitrophilic species at the expense of N-sensitive species and a decrease in evenness.ContextElevated atmospheric deposition of nitrogen (N) has long been recognised as a threat to biodiversity and, despite declines in European emission levels, will remain a threat in the future.AimsIt has proven difficult to show clear large-scale impacts of N deposition on vascular forest understorey species, and few studies have looked at impacts on forest bryophytes. Here, we assess the impact of nitrogen deposition on forest bryophyte communities.MethodsWe used data from 187 plots included in European monitoring schemes to analyse the relationship between levels of throughfall nitrogen deposition and bryophyte taxonomic and functional diversity and community nitrogen preference.ResultsWe found that nitrogen deposition is significantly associated with increased bryophyte community nitrogen preference and decreases in species evenness.ConclusionOur results indicate that nitrogen deposition is likely to adversely affect forest bryophyte communities, having negative impacts in terms of increased dominance of nitrophilic species at the expense of N-sensitive species and a decrease in species evenness.
Factors affecting retention of veterinary practitioners in Ireland: a cross-sectional study with a focus on clinical practice
Authors: Ryan Eoin G. , Beatty Stephen H. , Gray Elizabeth , Field Niamh , Liston Rory , Rhodes Victoria , Donlon John 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Retention of veterinary practitioners has arisen as a significant problem in recent years in Ireland. No prior Irish peer-reviewed publications have addressed this problem. An online questionnaire was available through social media and via email to Irish vets from January to November 2019. The aim of this survey was to ascertain the factors contributing to the problem of vet retention in Ireland.

Results
A total of 370 eligible responses were received. The median age of respondents was 31 and the gender balance was 250 females (68%) to 118 males (32%). The majority of respondents worked in clinical practice 322 (89%), with 138 (42.8%) in mixed practice, 115 (35.7%) in small animal practice, 49 (15.2%) solely with farm animals and 20 (6.2%) in equine practice.
Fifty-four percent of respondents described themselves as likely to be leaving their current job within two years and 32.8% as being likely to leave the profession. In total, 44 variables were assessed by univariate analysis and 27 variables were significantly (P < 0.05) associated with the likelihood of a respondent leaving their current job within 2 years (LCJ2), as a proxy measure of the problem of retention. All variables significant on univariate analysis at P < 0.2 were included in a multivariable logistic regression model. Factors associated with LCJ2 included satisfaction with work-life balance (Odds Ratio (OR) 0.33); satisfaction with working hours (OR 0.2); number of years qualified (OR 0.91); position as a practice owner/partner/director (OR 0.15); and log10salary (OR 0.03).
Four variables were retained in a separate multivariable linear regression model as significant (P < 0.05) predictors of log10salary. Log10salary increased with years qualified. Males had an increased salary compared to females irrespective of years qualified. Part-time employees, vets on maternity leave or postgraduate vets had a lower log10salary. Compared to veterinary employees, self-employed or locum vets had a higher log10salary.

Conclusions
Veterinary employers should consider salary, working hours and the facilitation of a good work-life balance in order to successfully retain veterinary employees. The significant difference in salaries currently offered to male and female vets, and the high percentage of respondents considering leaving the profession, are important findings and warrant further investigation.
Phylogeny-guided microbiome OTU-specific association test (POST)
Authors: Huang Caizhi , Callahan Benjamin J. , Wu Michael C. , Holloway Shannon T. , Brochu Hayden , Lu Wenbin , Peng Xinxia , Tzeng Jung-Ying 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe relationship between host conditions and microbiome profiles, typically characterized by operational taxonomic units (OTUs), contains important information about the microbial role in human health. Traditional association testing frameworks are challenged by the high dimensionality and sparsity of typical microbiome profiles. Phylogenetic information is often incorporated to address these challenges with the assumption that evolutionarily similar taxa tend to behave similarly. However, this assumption may not always be valid due to the complex effects of microbes, and phylogenetic information should be incorporated in adata-supervisedfashion.ResultsIn this work, we propose a local collapsing test called phylogeny-guided microbiome OTU-specific association test (POST). In POST, whether or not to borrow information and how much information to borrow from the neighboring OTUs in the phylogenetic tree are supervised by phylogenetic distance and the outcome-OTU association. POST is constructed under the kernel machine framework to accommodate complex OTU effects and extends kernel machine microbiome tests from community level to OTU level. Using simulation studies, we show that when the phylogenetic tree is informative, POST has better performance than existing OTU-level association tests. When the phylogenetic tree is not informative, POST achieves similar performance as existing methods. Finally, in real data applications on bacterial vaginosis and on preterm birth, we find that POST can identify similar or more outcome-associated OTUs that are of biological relevance compared to existing methods.ConclusionsUsing POST, we show that adaptively leveraging the phylogenetic information can enhance the selection performance of associated microbiome features by improving the overall true-positive and false-positive detection. We developed a user friendly R packagePOSTmwhich is freely available on CRAN (https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=POSTm).
Whether and when disclosing the trauma to one’s children in a migratory context? A pilot mixed methods investigation
Authors: Ngameni Elodie Gaëlle , El Husseini Mayssa’ , Dozio Elisabetta , Kokou-Kpolou Cyrille Kossigan , Apter Gisèle , Moro Marie Rose 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Disclosing traumatic events experienced by parents to their children is a central issue in the intergenerational trauma transmission. However, little is known about this question among migrant population. The main objective of this study was to examine the choice to disclose the traumatic experiences of migrant women in France to their children.

Methods
This pilot study examined fourteen mother–child dyads in which migrant mothers (M = 30 years; range = 19–42 years) were exposed to traumatic events. A sequential mixed method design was used. In addition to the completion of the Impact Event Scale-Revised, qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews. These data were analyzed using thematic and cross-cultural methods. The survey took place from May 2019 to July 2020.

Results
Our study revealed three profiles of mothers with regard to the choice to disclose the traumatic story to the child: one group of mothers opted for silence (n = 4), the other for disclosure (n = 7) and the last group who were hesitant (n = 3). The modalities of choice were statistically associated with the severity of the post-traumatic stress symptoms, F (2, 11) = 4,62, p < .05. Specifically, women who made the choice of silence (M = 72.75, SD = 4.99) and those hesitated on the choice to disclosure (M = 71.33, SD = 7.51) reported higher scores on IES-R than those who made the choice to disclosure (M = 59.86, SD = 12.44). Six main themes emerged from the thematic and cross-cultural analysis of participants’ narratives: (1) the personalization of the traumatic experience, (2) the child seen as a weapon against collapse, (3) the fear of the child's personal reactions, (4) the possible partial disclosure, (5) the trauma narrative according to the child's age, and (6) the trap of the in-between two cultures.

Conclusion
Our results suggest that the recovery of these mothers from their trauma, through culturally appropriate therapeutic care, can effectively contribute to the choice to disclose their traumatic experiences to their children. This treatment can support them in developing open and healthy communication strategies to prevent the transmission of traumatic effects to their children.
Study on the relationship between Bi2S3 with different morphologies and its photocatalytic hydrogen production performance
Authors: Li Xiaoyan , Jun Lang , Xiao Jiaxun , Xu Yanqin , Yang Chuanyao , Tang Jinjing , Zhou Kai , Gong Xiangnan , Zhou Xiaoyuan , Zou Hanjun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe morphology of a material is considered one of the primary aspects affecting its photocatalytic performance. Various methods have been developed to tailor the morphology of photocatalytic materials for photocatalytic water splitting. Bi2S3 is an excellent photoabsorption material with relatively narrow band gaps. Herein, Bi2S3 samples with different morphologies are successfully prepared via a simple one-step hydrothermal method and employed effectively as visible light-driven photocatalysts for hydrogen production. Electron microscopy technologies were used to characterize the morphology and microstructure of the Bi2S3 samples, which exhibit three kinds of morphologies, namely nanotubes, nanoflowers and nanorods. As a result, the Bi2S3 nanotubes have the largest BET specific surface area and lowest PL intensity, and these characteristics lead to having the best hydrogen production rate. Moreover, the catalysis mechanism is simply explained by studying the relationship between the morphology and microstructure of a material and its photocatalytic performance.