bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HIF-α activation by the prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor roxadustat suppresses chemoresistant glioblastoma growth by inducing ferroptosis
Authors: Su Xiaodong , Xie Yuan , Zhang Junwen , Li Mingxin , Zhang Qing , Jin Guishan , Liu Fusheng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPatients with glioblastoma (GBM) have poor prognosis and limited treatment options, largely due to therapy resistance upon the induction of apoptosis. Ferroptosis emerges as a potential antineoplastic strategy to bypass apoptosis resistance in traditional therapeutics. Hypoxia is a fundamental hallmark of GBM and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is the main regulator of hypoxia response, however, the role of HIF has not been sufficiently explored in GBM. Herein, we first discovered that amplifying HIF signals by the prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) inhibitor roxadustat significantly suppressed GBM cell growth in vitro and in vivo, especially when the cells were resistant to temozolomide (TMZ). The accumulation of lipid peroxidation and cellular iron in GBM cells following roxadustat treatment indicated that the cells underwent ferroptosis, which was also supported by morphological changes in mitochondrial ultrastructure and immunogenic signals release. Moreover, in vivo studies further confirmed the ferroptosis induction and verified that roxadustat significantly prolonged survival of the mice harboring chemoresistant GBM without visible organ toxicity. Finally, we proved that the ferroptosis induction by roxadustat is HIF-α independent, especially activation of HIF-2α upregulating lipid regulatory genes was revealed to be mainly responsible for the enhanced lipid peroxidation. Altogether, our study provided novel evidence that amplifying HIF signals induced ferroptosis in chemoresistant GBM cells and suppressed the tumor growth in vivo, highlighting that ferroptosis induction by targeting HIF-α might provide new approaches to improve GBM treatment.
Assembly-induced spin transfer and distance-dependent spin coupling in atomically precise AgCu nanoclusters
Authors: Xia Nan , Xing Jianpei , Peng Di , Ji Shiyu , Zha Jun , Yan Nan , Su Yan , Jiang Xue , Zeng Zhi , Zhao Jijun , Wu Zhikun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNanoparticle assembly paves the way for unanticipated properties and applications from the nanoscale to the macroscopic world. However, the study of such material systems is greatly inhibited due to the obscure compositions and structures of nanoparticles (especially the surface structures). The assembly of atomically precise nanoparticles is challenging, and such an assembly of nanoparticles with metal core sizes strictly larger than 1 nm has not been achieved yet. Here, we introduced an on-site synthesis-and-assembly strategy, and successfully obtained a straight-chain assembly structure consisting of Ag77Cu22(CHT)48 (CHT: cyclohexanethiolate) nanoparticles with two nanoparticles separated by one S atom, as revealed by mass spectrometry and single crystal X-ray crystallography. Although Ag77Cu22(CHT)48 bears one unpaired shell-closing electron, the magnetic moment is found to be mainly localized at the S linker with magnetic isotropy, and the sulfur radicals were experimentally verified and found to be unstable after disassembly, demonstrating assembly-induced spin transfer. Besides, spin nanoparticles are found to couple and lose their paramagnetism at sufficiently short inter-nanoparticle distance, namely, the spin coupling depends on the inter-nanoparticle distance. However, it is not found that the spin coupling leads to the nanoparticle growth.
Trends in non-COVID-19 hospitalizations prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic period, United States, 2017–2021
Authors: Cassell Kelsie , Zipfel Casey M. , Bansal Shweta , Weinberger Daniel M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCOVID-19 pandemic-related shifts in healthcare utilization, in combination with trends in non-COVID-19 disease transmission and non-pharmaceutical intervention use, had clear impacts on rates of hospitalization for infectious and chronic diseases. Using a U.S. national healthcare billing database, we estimated the monthly incidence rate ratio of hospitalizations between March 2020 and June 2021 according to 19 ICD-10 diagnostic chapters and 189 subchapters. The majority of primary diagnoses for hospitalization showed an immediate decline in incidence during March 2020. Hospitalizations for reproductive neoplasms, hypertension, and diabetes returned to pre-pandemic levels during late 2020 and early 2021, while others, like those for infectious respiratory disease, did not return to pre-pandemic levels during this period. Our assessment of subchapter-level primary hospitalization codes offers insight into trends among less frequent causes of hospitalization during the COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S.
Nanoconfinement facilitates reactions of carbon dioxide in supercritical water
Authors: Stolte Nore , Hou Rui , Pan Ding 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe reactions of CO2 in water under extreme pressure-temperature conditions are of great importance to the carbon storage and transport below Earth’s surface, which substantially affect the carbon budget in the atmosphere. Previous studies focus on the CO2(aq) solutions in the bulk phase, but underground aqueous solutions are often confined to the nanoscale, and nanoconfinement and solid-liquid interfaces may substantially affect chemical speciation and reaction mechanisms, which are poorly known on the molecular scale. Here, we apply extensive ab initio molecular dynamics simulations to study aqueous carbon solutions nanoconfined by graphene and stishovite (SiO2) at 10 GPa and 1000 ~ 1400 K. We find that CO2(aq) reacts more in nanoconfinement than in bulk. The stishovite-water interface makes the solutions more acidic, which shifts the chemical equilibria, and the interface chemistry also significantly affects the reaction mechanisms. Our findings suggest that CO2(aq) in deep Earth is more active than previously thought, and confining CO2 and water in nanopores may enhance the efficiency of mineral carbonation.
RaVÆn: unsupervised change detection of extreme events using ML on-board satellites
Authors: Růžička Vít , Vaughan Anna , De Martini Daniele , Fulton James , Salvatelli Valentina , Bridges Chris , Mateo-Garcia Gonzalo , Zantedeschi Valentina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractApplications such as disaster management enormously benefit from rapid availability of satellite observations. Traditionally, data analysis is performed on the ground after being transferred—downlinked—to a ground station. Constraints on the downlink capabilities, both in terms of data volume and timing, therefore heavily affect the response delay of any downstream application. In this paper, we introduce RaVÆn, a lightweight, unsupervised approach for change detection in satellite data based on Variational Auto-Encoders (VAEs), with the specific purpose of on-board deployment. RaVÆn pre-processes the sampled data directly on the satellite and flags changed areas to prioritise for downlink, shortening the response time. We verified the efficacy of our system on a dataset—which we release alongside this publication—composed of time series containing a catastrophic event, demonstrating that RaVÆn outperforms pixel-wise baselines. Finally, we tested our approach on resource-limited hardware for assessing computational and memory limitations, simulating deployment on real hardware.
Development of chitosan-based biodegradable films enriched with thyme essential oil and additives for potential applications in packaging of fresh collard greens
Authors: Zehra Aiman , Wani Sajad Mohd , Jan Nusrat , Bhat Tashooq Ahmad , Rather Sajad A. , Malik A. R. , Hussain Syed Zameer 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn the present study, chitosan (CH) based biodegradable films were developed enriched with thyme essential oil (TEO) incorporated with different additives including zinc oxide (ZnO), polyethylene glycol (PEG), nano clay (NC), and calcium chloride (CaCl2) and characterize the postharvest quality of ‘collard greens’ during refrigerated storage. The results indicated that the incorporation of ZnO/PEG/NC/CaCl2 in CH-based films significantly decreased water vapor transmission rate, increased tensile strength, and were water soluble and biodegradable in nature. Moreover, CH-TEO based films incorporated with ZnO/PEG/NC/CaCl2 were significantly effective in reducing physiological weight loss, retained total soluble solids, titratable acidity, and preserved chlorophyll contents as well as showed lesser a* values, suppressed microbial growth, and preserving appearance/sensory quality of collard greens for 24 days than LDPE and other biodegradable films. Our results suggest that CH-based films enriched with TEO and additives such as ZnO/CaCl2/NC/PEG are an ecological, environmental friendly, and effective alternative approach to retain shelf life of collard greens during refrigerated storage.
Quantum tunnelling in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Adams Betony , Sinayskiy Ilya , van Grondelle Rienk , Petruccione Francesco 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has added new urgency to the study of viral mechanisms of infection. But while vaccines offer a measure of protection against this specific outbreak, a new era of pandemics has been predicted. In addition to this, COVID-19 has drawn attention to post-viral syndromes and the healthcare burden they entail. It seems integral that knowledge of viral mechanisms is increased through as wide a research field as possible. To this end we propose that quantum biology might offer essential new insights into the problem, especially with regards to the important first step of virus-host invasion. Research in quantum biology often centres around energy or charge transfer. While this is predominantly in the context of photosynthesis there has also been some suggestion that cellular receptors such as olfactory or neural receptors might employ vibration assisted electron tunnelling to augment the lock-and-key mechanism. Quantum tunnelling has also been observed in enzyme function. Enzymes are implicated in the invasion of host cells by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Receptors such as olfactory receptors also appear to be disrupted by COVID-19. Building on these observations we investigate the evidence that quantum tunnelling might be important in the context of infection with SARS-CoV-2. We illustrate this with a simple model relating the vibronic mode of, for example, a viral spike protein to the likelihood of charge transfer in an idealised receptor. Our results show a distinct parameter regime in which the vibronic mode of the spike protein enhances electron transfer. With this in mind, novel therapeutics to prevent SARS-CoV-2 transmission could potentially be identified by their vibrational spectra.
Joint HAP deployment and resource allocation for HAP‐UAV‐terrestrial integrated networks
Authors: Ji Ang , Guo Xu , Zhang Rongqing , Wu Jianjun , Cheng Xiang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWhile the terrestrial base stations (TBSs) in the fifth‐generation (5G) network provide high throughput for the conventional terrestrial users (TUs), it is still challenging for the network to support massive TUs and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) simultaneously due to the complicated air–ground channel and severe interference. In this paper, the deployment of a high‐altitude platform (HAP) as a supplement for the terrestrial networks, in which the HAP and TBSs serve TUs and UAVs simultaneously in a joint manner, is studied. The novel network has two challenges. First, the deployment of the HAP, which is a new degree of freedom, should be optimized considering the terrestrial network. Second, the channel of the joint HAP and TBS network that serves multiple TUs and UAVs concurrently is complicated, and the resource allocation of the network should be designed. To tackle the above two challenges, a joint resource allocation and HAP deployment problem are formulated, and a gradient‐and‐matching‐based algorithm is proposed to solve it efficiently. Simulation results show that the HAP and the proposed algorithm enhance the sum‐rate of the network by over 30%, and the average data rate of both the TUs and the UAVs can be effectively improved.
PCformer: A parallel convolutional transformer network for 360° depth estimation
Authors: Xu Chao , Yang Huamin , Han Cheng , Zhang Chao 
Published: October 2022

Abstract360° depth estimation has been extensively studied because 360° images provide a full field of view of the surrounding environment as well as a detailed description of the entire scene. However, most well‐studied convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for 360° depth estimation can extract local features well, but fail to capture rich global features from the panorama due to a fixed receptive field in CNNs. PCformer, a parallel convolutional transformer network that combines the benefits of CNNs and transformers, is proposed for 360° depth estimation. The transformer has the nature to model long‐range dependency and extract global features. With PCformer, both global dependency and local spatial features can be efficiently captured. To fully incorporate global and local features, a dual attention fusion module is designed. Besides, a distortion‐weighted loss function is designed to reduce the distortion in panoramas. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed method achieves competitive results against the state‐of‐the‐art methods on three benchmark datasets. Additional experiments also demonstrate that the proposed model has benefits in terms of model complexity and generalisation capability.
Fast two‐vector‐based model‐free predictive current control of permanent magnet synchronous motor
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Tao Ran , Dou Zhaoyu , Qiu Shuo , Liu Jia , Liu Yi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFinite control set model predictive control (FCS‐MPC) is becoming an important control method in the high‐performance control of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) because of its simple concept, easy implementation, and strong performance. However, the traditional FCS‐MPC uses only one basic voltage vector in the whole control cycle, so its steady‐state control performance is poor. In addition, FCS‐MPC relies significantly on machine parameter correctness. The performance is significantly degraded if the controller parameters do not match the real machine parameters. This study proposed a PMSM fast two‐vector model‐free predictive control approach to address the abovementioned issues. The process employs no motor parameters and relies only on the system's inputs and outputs. In addition, this method combines the fast vector selection with the two‐vector control method, which simplifies the computational effort while improving the steady‐state control accuracy at the same time. MATLAB/Simulink built the control system model, the simulation and experimental studies were carried out. The simulation and experimental results confirm the effectiveness of this method.
Solid confirmation of the broad DIB around 864.8 nm using stacked Gaia–RVS spectra
Authors: Zhao H. , Schultheis M. , Zwitter T. , Bailer-Jones C. A. L. , Panuzzo P. , Sartoretti P. , Seabroke G. M. , Recio-Blanco A. , de Laverny P. , Kordopatis G. , Creevey O. L. , Dharmawardena T. E. , Frémat Y. , Sordo R. , Drimmel R. , Marshall D. J. , Palicio P. A. , Contursi G. , Álvarez M. A. , Baker S. , Benson K. , Cropper M. , Dolding C. , Huckle H. E. , Smith M. , Marchal O. , Ordenovic C. , Pailler F. , Slezak I. 
Published: October 2022

Context. Studies of the correlation between different diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) are important for exploring their origins. However, the Gaia–RVS spectral window between 846 and 870 nm contains few DIBs, the strong DIB at 862 nm being the only convincingly confirmed one.
Aims. Here we attempt to confirm the existence of a broad DIB around 864.8 nm and estimate its characteristics using the stacked Gaia–RVS spectra of a large number of stars. We study the correlations between the two DIBs at 862 nm (λ862) and 864.8 nm (λ864.8), as well as the interstellar extinction.
Methods. We obtained spectra of the interstellar medium (ISM) absorption by subtracting the stellar components using templates constructed from real spectra at high Galactic latitudes with low extinctions. We then stacked the ISM spectra in Galactic coordinates (ℓ,  b) – pixelized by the HEALPix scheme – to measure the DIBs. The stacked spectrum is modeled by the profiles of the two DIBs, Gaussian for λ862 and Lorentzian for λ864.8, and a linear continuum. We report the fitted central depth (CD), central wavelength, equivalent width (EW), and their uncertainties for the two DIBs.
Results. We obtain 8458 stacked spectra in total, of which 1103 (13%) have reliable fitting results after applying numerous conservative filters. This work is the first of its kind to fit and measure λ862 and λ864.8 simultaneously in cool-star spectra. Based on these measurements, we find that the EWs and CDs of λ862 and λ864.8 are well correlated with each other, with Pearson coefficients (rp) of 0.78 and 0.87, respectively. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of λ864.8 is estimated as 1.62 ± 0.33 nm which compares to 0.55 ± 0.06 nm for λ862. We also measure the vacuum rest-frame wavelength of λ864.8 to be λ0 = 864.53 ± 0.14 nm, smaller than previous estimates.
Conclusions. We find solid confirmation of the existence of the DIB around 864.8 nm based on an exploration of its correlation with λ862 and estimation of its FWHM. The DIB λ864.8 is very broad and shallow. That at λ862 correlates better with E(BP − RP) than λ864.8. The profiles of the two DIBs could strongly overlap with each other, which contributes to the skew of the λ862 profile.
Remote Digital Microscopy Improves Hematology Laboratory Workflow by Reducing Peripheral Blood Smear Analysis Turnaround Time
Authors: Katz Ben-Zion , Benisty Dan , Sayegh Yael , Lamm Inna , Avivi Irit 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background The demand for morphological diagnosis by peripheral blood smear (PBS) analysis with clearly defined turnaround times (TAT), coupled with a shortage of morphologists and increasing cost containment, is driving digitalization to the forefront of laboratory workflow. Labor-intensive manual PBS review affects weekend workflow with limited staff availability. The impact of remote analysis of PBS on the performance of hematology laboratories has not yet been assessed.
Objectives Following implementation of fully remote digital microscopy within our laboratory, we measured its impact on morphology workflow efficiency, TAT, and hours saved per month.
Methods A retrospective study of the effects of remote PBS analysis on the morphology workflow in a tertiary medical center using the Scopio Labs X100 Full-Field PBS system was conducted. 10,704 PBS samples were analyzed pre-and post -implementation, over a 5-month period. Overall PBS workload, and average TAT of PBS samples over weekends and the first two weekdays were collected and evaluated.
Results Remote weekend viewing resulted in a 15.8% reduction in the overall morphology TAT of the laboratory (p <0.03) over a 5-month period, despite similar overall workload. PBS analysis TAT on Fridays was reduced by 41.4% (p <0. 006), and by 59.1% on the first weekday (p <0.02). The additional hours incurred over the weekend were offset against a reduced need for double weekday shifts resulting in approximately 12.76 work hours saved per month. Internet links to clinically relevant cases are provided.
Conclusion The Scopio Labs Full-Field X100 PBS system with remote analysis capacity significantly reduced PBS TAT and improved the morphology workflow of the hematology laboratory. PBSs with significant clinical findings are now available for remote viewing by on-call clinicians located outside the medical center perimeter. Remote PBS viewing, coupled with the overall monthly cost savings, merit consideration for the implementation of full digitalization for remote PBS review.
Morphometric Study for C1 Pedicle Screw Placement in Thai Patients
Authors: Yuwakosol Pakorn 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background Traumatic atlantoaxial (upper cervical spine) leads to instability in weightbearing movement and neurological deficit. Presently, C1 (axial) lateral mass or pedicle screws for fixation are the most popular because of excellent mechanical performance for internal fixation. C1 pedicle screw fixation can reduce intraoperative blood loss and postoperative occipital neuralgia more than C1 lateral mass screws. However, screws cannot be inserted completely through the pedicle in some patients due to C1 size.
Objective We aimed to determine the ideal pedicle screw entry point, angle of screw projection, and pedicle height in the Thai population.
Methods Patient data were collected and measured using the INFINITT program at Mukdahan Hospital from September 2020 to June 2021. The C1 measurements, i.e., distance from the midline to the medial edge of the posterior arch (DPA) and medial edge transverse foramen (DTF), angle of screw projection, and length and height of the pedicle were recorded. Descriptive statistics and t-test were used to analyze the data.
Results The mean Thai pedicle dimensions were DPA = 14.17 mm (range: 11.19–19.70 mm), DTF = 22.09 mm (range: 18.13–26.44 mm), ideal screw entry point = 18.13 mm (range: 15.19–22.00 mm), ideal angle of screw projection medial angulation = 2.67 degrees (range: 0–7 degrees), and height of posterior arch (pedicle) = 4.77 mm (range: 2.68–7.22 mm). Forty of 167 patients (24.0%) had a pedicle height less than 4.0 mm (bilateral 11 patients and unilateral 29 patients).
Conclusions The ideal C1 pedicle screw entry point is approximately 18.13 mm from the midline. In the Thai samples with C1 pedicle height less than 4.0 mm, the screws cannot be inserted completely through the pedicle. Therefore, screw insertion should be partially through the pedicle (notching technique).
Preoperative Visual Impairment in Vestibular Schwannoma Patients: An Overlooked Entity of Developing World
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev , Sahana Debabrata , Jain Amit , Rathore Lavlesh , Tawari Manish , Mittal Jatinder , Sahu Rajiv 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective Visual impairment in vestibular schwannomas is an underreported entity. The plethora of literature focuses primarily on facial and hearing preservation. This study aims to describe our experience and find the possible reasons for visual impairment.
Materials and Methods This is a retrospective observational study. We evaluated 114 patients with vestibular schwannoma, operated during 2015 to 2020. Eight parameters were studied—age, gender, maximum tumor size, hydrocephalus, economic status, duration of symptoms, visual loss, and ease of access to the tertiary neurosurgical facility. JASP software (version 0.14.1, Amsterdam) was used for statistical analysis.
Results A total of 42/114 (36.84%) patients had a varying degree of impairment. Patients with impaired vision had significantly larger tumors (4.31 vs. 4.12 cm, p = 0.02), longer duration of symptoms (19.14 vs. 16.45 months, p = 0.02), hydrocephalus (p = 0.03), and were from remote areas (p = 0.009). In stepwise logistic regression analysis, longer duration of symptoms and difficult access to neurosurgical facility stand out as decisive factors for visual impairment. The follow-up data were available for 35/42 (83.33%) cases of visual impairment. Vision improved in 14/35 (40%) of cases. Vision improved in a significantly higher number of patients when a preoperative ventriculoperitoneal shunt was placed (p = 0.03).
Conclusion The visual handicap occurs in a significant number of patients with vestibular schwannoma. Delayed arrival at the neurosurgical facility due to difficult access appears to be the primary factor leading to blindness. Strengthening our healthcare systems in rural areas would go a long way in the timely detection and prevention of blindness in such cases.