bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Freezing Mechanisms of the Concrete in an Area of Variable Water Level of Port Facilities
Authors: Malyuk V V , Malyuk V D 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The article deals with the problem of concrete durability in the area of variable water level of port facilities. Particular attention was paid to the exposure of both negative temperatures and sea water. The reasons for the destruction of concrete in the first winter season under prolonged freezing of structures with sea ice were analyzed. The authors come to the conclusion that alternating freezing and thawing is not always a major critical value of the severity of frost exposure on the concrete in an area of variable water level. Based on the study of the mechanism of the concrete freezing, they concluded that in the course of prolonged freezing, the classical approach to ensuring the durability of the concrete by increasing the frost resistance with the use of air-entraining agents does not solve one of the important practical problems – provision of the resistance of the concrete in the first winter period. The authors believe that the concrete technology requirements should factor in the mechanism of the concrete freezing in a structure. They proposed the technological methods that make it possible to reduce the sensitivity of the concrete to the prolonged frost exposure in massive structures.
Mobile Reserve Architecture: Designing the Post-Pandemic Solutions
Authors: Kizilova S A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The purpose of the article is to identify key solutions for pandemic architecture design. The research approach is based on the analysis of competition proposals and realized projects aimed at creating reserve hospitals during the pandemic. The historical role of epidemics in shaping architecture and cities was carried out. The precedents of mobile reserve hospitals that appeared during the pandemic were analyzed. Through the precedent’s analysis leading approaches to the new architectural environment have been distinguished (modularity and aggregation, inflatability, buoyancy, vertical expansion). The materials of this research can be used in further theoretical studies on post-pandemic architecture development scenarios and as a roadmap for practical solutions or proposals.
Operating Conditions and Damage to the Concrete of Port Facilities on the Southern Coast of Sakhalin
Authors: Malyuk V V , Malyuk V D , Lobodyuk A V 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The article examines the winter operating conditions of the concrete of various port facilities in the area of variable water level on the southern coast of Sakhalin Island. It analyzes the climatic conditions of the south of Sakhalin being under influence of the cold Sea of Okhotsk and the warm Sea of Japan. The peculiarity of the climatic conditions predetermines various factors of the frost exposure on the concrete structures in the area of variable water level. The article describes the specifics of the port construction on Sakhalin and the factors that determine the concrete durability. It presents the results of surveying the structures with different service life. It has been established that under modern conditions of the construction of port facilities, the concrete destruction may be possible after the first winter period of operation. The processes of the concrete freezing in different sections of the area of variable water level as well as the distinctive types of concrete damage are considered.
Analysis of the Operation of Kinematic Seismically Isolated Foundations Taking into Account the Vertical Component of the Seismic Impact
Authors: Nikonova N V , Ilyunin V A , Abu-Khasan M S , Sidorova P S 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The analysis of the work of kinematic foundations under seismic impact is carried out. In this case, the seismic action is set by two harmonic functions, one of which describes the vertical component of the movement of points on the day surface during an earthquake. The equation of motion of the considered seismically isolated supports is reduced to the form of the well-known Mathieu-Hill equation, the solutions of which can be both bounded and infinitely increasing functions. Thus, the possibility of occurrence in the considered system of seismic isolation of the phenomenon of parametric resonance has been proved and the parameters of the system and the parameters of seismic impact, on which the occurrence of this phenomenon depends, have been identified. The values of the damping parameters in the system and the amplitude of the vertical component of the seismic action, at which the movement of the kinematic supports is unstable, have been established. The construction of the zones of instability of oscillations of supports on the plane of change of the coefficients of the Mathieu-Hill equation is carried out. Also, the value of damping in the seismic isolation system is obtained, which is necessary to ensure the stability of motion under the combined action of the vertical and horizontal components of the seismic action.
Residual Operation Life Estimation of Trunk Oil Pipeline Submerged Crossing
Authors: Gumerov A , Kolchin A , Karimov R 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Commonly known, diagnostic results show that all pipelines contain a large number of defects that are unacceptable in terms of standards and building codes. An attempt to eliminate all defects can lead to the fact that the costs of further operation will become prohibitively large and not economically justified. In practice, the only way to ensure safety is to exclude only those defects that really pose a danger to the pipeline, taking into account the operating conditions. This is how the problem of assessing the residual resource of objects that have been in operation for a long time appears.
Authors do not always use the same meaning in the term “residual resource”. To avoid confusion in terms, the article provides some considerations defining this term and accepts an interpretation in which it is a value derived from the strength and safety of the pipeline. A number of factors are given, which in a key way affect the strength and safety, which should be involved in the assessment of the residual resource. As a result, this approach, in contrast to the previously available ones, allows taking into account all the main factors affecting the strength, durability and safety of the pipeline.
Spatial Analysis to Justify Urban Decisions in the Planning and Distribution of Green Spaces within the Urban Range of Cities (Case Study of the City of Samawah - Republic of Iraq)
Authors: Al-Mossawy B A , Stetsenko S E , Al-Shebillawy E J 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGreen spaces represent an important type of urban land use within the urban fabric of the city, and it is of clear importance, like all other patterns. It is an important goal to bring the urban population closer to nature and to provide a suitable external environment for them by creating balance and harmony with nature. Green spaces represent a healthy outlet for humans, increasing their physical and psychological capabilities and are a haven for them to relax and spend their free time. The green areas in the city of Samawah and other cities in Iraq suffer from a clear shortage, as they do not meet the needs of the population in them, in addition to the fact that these areas are fragmented within the city and are not interconnected and do not work as a unified system. Therefore, it is neglected, which leads to the deterioration of the city’s environment and increased air pollution. With population growth and urbanization in the city, there is a negative impact on the natural ecosystem. Therefore, the researchers analyzed the spatial distribution of green areas in the city of Samawah, where the analysis dealt with the percentages of green areas implemented over the years from 2010 - 2020 to determine the amount of dispersal of the assembly using a set of tools for spatial analysis in spatial information systems (GIS). The research field ends with a proposal to identify new green areas in the city. The new green areas will be linked with the existing green areas in the city of Samawa, which will lead to an increase in the open green areas, increase their accessibility and increase social cohesion. In addition, this interconnection will contribute to improving the city’s environment by reducing air pollution and lowering high temperatures during the long summer season. This approach can also achieve other economic benefits when planning an interconnected network of green areas in the city of Samawa.
Social Rehabilitation of People Convicted for Crime Committing by Means of Architecture and Landscape Design (Hybrid Space of Social Adaptation Centers)
Authors: Trofimova T E 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The purpose of the research is providing a rationale for the design of special areas aimed at the psychophysical discharge (landscape gardens, special recreation areas in the premises of social adaptation centres) for the people who were imprisoned for crime commitment. To achieve the purpose set, the authors state and implement the following objectives: study of medical and psychological aspects of a person staying in the places of detention, consideration of green area arrangement issues - landscape remedial gardens in terms of botanic, analysis of the existing social adaptation centres, revelation of positive and negative points of their use, suggestion of solutions for the problems identified, analysis of various options of the landscape garden layouts, development of the concept for and suggestion of the arrangement of areas intended for psychophysical discharge in real situation. Basing upon the analysis of the experimental project the authors suggested the fundamental principles for the arrangement of the areas of psychophysical discharge and efficient rehabilitation at the Social adaptation centres intended for the people convicted and released from the places of detention. The authors defined the use of special plants to make the microclimate healthier and create the favorable video environment - using harmonious non-aggressive forms in the interiors, using green planting to reduce human stress, using green planting components for buildings and the functional zoning of plant trees and shrubs. At the uniform architecture&layout and technology space solution multiple scenarios may occur in terms of such space use by means of the application of psychological discharge areas with various green planting. It is necessary to stipulate for the free access to the rehabilitation centre space and landscape garden territory for disabled people.
Numerical Modeling of the Ice-Conical Structure Interaction Process Using Element Erosion Technique
Authors: Gogoladze D Z , Bekker A T 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Nowadays, the Finite Element Analysis method is widely used, including in the field of fracture mechanics, because to the grown of computing power. Numerical modeling of fracture mechanics is a developing method in the Ice-Structure Interaction field. One of the approaches to modeling ice failure is the Finite Element Method with Element Erosion Technique, which is widely used among researchers. However, the question of using a material model that most accurately describes the behavior of ice taking into account its physical and mechanical characteristics remains open. Also, researchers often overlook the question of the strain rate effect on the values of ice load. This article presents the results of numerical modeling of the interaction of level ice with a conical support of offshore structure. The dependences of the ice load value on the ice velocity are also presented and compared with the results obtained according to regulatory documents.
Modern Trends in Design of Extracurricular Institutions for Children
Authors: Shamaeva T , Mayasova E 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Extracurricular institutions (EI) with various functional purposes for children and adolescents from 7 to 15 years are very popular with the population. Today, the construction and commissioning of this type of public buildings is undergoing a period of active development and progress. The child forms her worldview, social behavior and reveals her personal abilities, thanks to her family, school and leisure activities in her free time. Extracurricular institutions should have a clear typology by their function, the types of functions and the target directions determined by the State. Facades and architectural appearance of the constructed EI over the last 3–5 years are diverse and designed under individual projects with various facade systems and finishing materials. Unfortunately, not all buildings correspond to the function of the facility in their exterior and visual image. The architectural and urban exterior of the building should correspond to the function of the facility, fit into the environment and be attractive to children and teenagers. It is recommended to design buildings as a separate structure on a separate territory, while more than 50% of the territory can be used to arrange children’s play areas with various places for recreation and sports. The recommended number of floors is 2-3.
The modern design practice identified priority trends: institutions fulfilling cultural, educational, creative, as well as sports, physical and health-improving functions. Other areas of activity should also be developed with a focus on the choice of profession, science and technology, practical and craft skills, as well as on stronger family and patriotic values. Extracurricular institutions should be as accessible to the public and as diverse by purpose as possible.
Development of Large Span Curving System of Sailing Dome Structure
Authors: Abu-Khasan M , Abu-Khasan P 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The article is devoted to the space-planning and structural solution of dome structures for the regions of the Far North. The article analyzes the predecessors of these design solutions, emphasizes important aspects of bioarchitecture, the possibility of widespread use of this style; disclosed existing problems. A solution for the construction of quick-assembly structures is proposed, which allows widespread use of the developed solutions for the active development of the Far North regions. The possibility of manufacturing planning and structural elements is proposed. However, in life, most of the settlements in the northern part of Russia are built up with wooden barrack-type houses, or typical dull five-story panel houses, clearly not meeting climatic conditions, which are quickly destroyed under the influence of climatic conditions. The task of our work was to develop a large-span design solution with a high bearing capacity, reducing wind and snow loads, having collapsible properties, allowing, if necessary, moving the structure, which is important for the regions of the Far North. The optimal solution for Northern construction is a dome, one of the oldest structures formed by a spherical surface of revolution.
Determination of Eigenvalues in Problems of Loss of Stability of Compressed Rods (Part II)
Authors: Kulterbayev Kh P 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The tasks of determining eigenvalues in the design of compressed rods in mechanical engineering and building structures and in their study in technical disciplines are among the most difficult. The existing methods for their solution are of a private nature and are unsuitable for the modern, more complex structures of the digital economy. In this paper, it is proposed to use computer technologies to significantly simplify the solution of complex problems of the stability of the rod and at the same time to achieve greater clarity and versatility with the proposed methods. Using specific examples, the application of the proposed analytical-graphic and numerical-graphic methods is shown. Mathematical models and decision algorithms are verified using computational experiments. Based on the results obtained, a number of practical conclusions were drawn. Part II is a continuation of Part I of the single article.
Evaluation of Energy Efficiency of Buildings Operated by the Example of Housing Stock of Yakutsk
Authors: Arkhangelskaya E A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This article discusses the problem of improving the energy efficiency of buildings. An express assessment of the energy efficiency of apartment buildings was carried out on the basis of the specific characteristics of the actual consumption of heat energy for heating and ventilation of the building. In the course of the study, the main problems of introducing energy-saving technologies were highlighted. The proposed approach can be used for monitoring energy consumption and energy audit of buildings.
Synergistic effect of essential oil distillates on the corrosion protection of GX4CrNiMo16-5-1 stainless in acid-chloride electrolyte
Authors: Loto R T 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The inhibition capability of admixed rosemary oil with cinnamon cassia oil (RC), and grapefruit oil with lemongrass oil (GL) on GX4CrNiMo16-5-1 martensitic stainless steel (GX4ST) corrosion was studied in 6 M H2SO4/3.5% NaCl electrolyte by potentiodynamic polarization and optical microscopy characterization. Results show both admixed distillates performed effectively on GX4ST. The corrosion rate of GX4ST without the distillates at 2.82 mm/y significantly decreased to average value of 0.04 mm/y and 0.05 mm/y analogous to average inhibition efficiency of 98.64% and 98.23% for RC and GL compound. The oil distillates exhibit consistent anodic corrosion inhibition behavior at all concentrations studied. Corrosion thermodynamic calculations showed the distillates chemisorbed on the martensitic steel with Gibbs free energy values greater than -46.01 Kjmol−1 with respect to Langmuir isotherm equation which indicates negligible of lateral interaction effect among inhibitor molecules and surface coverage protection mechanism. Optical image representations of GX4ST after corrosion without the distillates showed severe surface degradation of general and localized corrosion. This contrast the images of the inhibited steel surface which were closely similar to the steel image before corrosion.
Effects of directional solidification on hardness and microstructure in Al–3wt.%Cu–1wt.%Li alloy
Authors: dos Santos G A , Alves T L , Teram R , Cruz R A , Nascimento M S , dos Santos V T , da Silva M R , Couto A A , Machado I F 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Solidification is probably one of most important phase transformations in materials manufacturing. Additionally, a wide range of solidification microstructural features is obtained depending on processing parameters. Mechanical properties of the cast are influenced by the microstructure obtained after solidification. The aim of this work is to investigate how solidification conditions affect solidification and the resulting microstructure of the Al– 3wt.%Cu–1wt.%Li (ternary system) alloy. The alloy was solidified unidirectionally upward through a water-cooled steel plate. Results include secondary dendritic arm spacing (SDAS), hardness and microstructure analysis using optical microscopy. Results showed that SDAS values tended to increase as the distance from the heat-exchange surface increased (P). Conversely, hardness decreases as P increased.
Modelling, Simulation and Analysis of NPDA for Sub-retinal implant using Nano Materials
Authors: VijaiMeyyappan M. , Joseph Daniel R. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
There are two primary illnesses that afflict the elderly worldwide those are Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) and Age-related Macula Degeneration (AMD). Presently there has been a large research focus to develop treatment methods that would cure AMD induced vision disability and RP diseases. Silicon Micro Photo Diode Array, ARGUS II, and ALPHA IMS are a few of the latest therapeutic approaches suggested for curing these diseases (MPDA). These systems have led to many undesirable side effects in patients. The objective of this research work is to create an affordable device that improves the vision recovery. Photovoltaic cells composed of nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes and graphene are known as Nano Photo Diode Arrays (NPDA). Under incident light, they may generate stimulating electrical pulses to restore vision, photoreceptor cells are stimulated in the retina. The authors of this study sought to optimise the several geometries of Graphene/SWCNT-C60/Al bilayer hetero junction photodiodes that would constitute the NPDA for subretinal implantation.
Simulation and Modelling of Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Self-powered Electronic Devices
Authors: Mainra Jashan Kumar , Kaur Akshpreet , Sapra Gaurav , Gaur Parul 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Triboelectric Nanogenerators has revolutionised the area of energy harvesting and self-powered sensing. In recent years, variety of small scale applications of triboelectric nanogenerators have been explored extensively particularly in self powered electronics, wearable and implantable devices, self-powered biosensors, human motion monitoring, location evaluation, air quality control etc. This paper discusses simulation and modelling of contact separation mode based triboelectric nanogenerator. In this work, triboelectric nanogenerators are simulated in COMSOL to compare the voltage profile of three different triboelectric materials – Kapton, Teflon and RTV Silicone with respect to Aluminium. Also, the effect of thickness of triboelectric layer on voltage profile is studied to optimize the thickness of the films. The output voltage recorded is 75 V, 60 V and 59 V for RTV Silicone, Teflon and Kapton respectively. It was observed that with increase in thickness of triboelectric layer, output voltage first increases linearly and then starts decreasing. The future research is directed towards fabricating a robust device for realising self – powered electronic devices.
Electrochemical Micromachining of Linear Micropattern on Stainless Steel Surface
Authors: Kunar S. , Pragna V. , Singh A.K. , Reddy M. S. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Maskless electrochemical micromachining process with SU-8 2150 masked tool has been introduced containing microstructures with higherprofile accuracy that are generated on SS-304. In this research work, to make maskless EMM method with more cost-effective, substantial adaptations are provided to this technique and an advanced version of EMM process is applied for microtexturing. In this modified technique, a special microtextured cell unit including (micromachining cell, electrical connection, and electrolyte flow scheme) is assembled by the mechanical force and perpendicular cross flow system has been developed inside the cell. Experimentation is conducted to explore the machining influence of the advanced maskless EMM process for fabricating linear micropattern. The machining outcomes of voltage, frequency, and duty ratio on MRR, dimensional accuracy, textured depth, and surface roughness are investigated during microtexturing. The investigational research reveals that this advanced maskless EMM technique can generate highly identical micropatterns having MRR of 2.2 mg/min, width overcut of 19.76μm, textured depth of 14.4μm and surface roughness of 0.0307μm.