bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Constructing Flexible All‐Solid‐State Supercapacitors from 3D Nanosheets Active Bricks via 3D Manufacturing Technology: A Perspective Review
Authors: Li Bolin , Yu Mei , Li Zesheng , Yu Changlin , Wang Hongqiang , Li Qingyu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDue to the unique geometric characteristics and electronic structure of hierarchical 3D nanosheets, they show excellent electron migration rate, ultra‐high specific surface area, and reliable structural stability. Therefore, 3D nanosheets have great application prospects in the field of electrochemical energy storage. Supercapacitor has attracted extensive attention in recent years due to its merits of fast charge and discharge, long cycle life, safety, and stability. Flexibility, miniaturization, and intelligent integration are the development direction of supercapacitor energy storage devices. The emerging 3D printing technology, especially the ink direct writing mode, has greatly improved the design ability and control accuracy of device microstructures. Based on the research progress of 3D graphene nanosheets and 3D MXene nanosheets in the early stage of the authors’ or other teams, this paper proposes to use advanced 3D printing technology to realize the design of flexible all solid‐state supercapacitors by using 3D nanosheets active materials with high specific capacitance. The design methods of interdigital electrodes, multilayer skeleton electrodes and fiber electrodes by 3D printing technology and the performance evaluation of flexible supercapacitor are systematically analyzed. This perspective review aims to provide new conception and theoretical guidance for the design, preparation, and performance optimization of 3D nanosheets‐built materials by 3D printing for the practical application of flexible all‐solid‐state supercapacitor in the future.
Highly Efficient Sensitized Chiral Hybridized Local and Charge‐Transfer Emitter Circularly Polarized Electroluminescence
Authors: Kong Fan‐Cheng , Yang Sheng‐Yi , Liao Xiang‐Ji , Feng Zi‐Qi , Shen Wan‐Shan , Jiang Zuo‐Quan , Zhou Dong‐Ying , Zheng You‐Xuan , Liao Liang‐Sheng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis work describes the first hot exciton fluorescent material based on benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole and chiral binaphthol enabling circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) through a chiral perturbation strategy. The new molecular architecture displays CPL, hybridized local and charge transfer (HLCT) properties concurrently. Utilizing it as the emitter, circularly polarized organic light‐emitting diodes (CP‐OLEDs) achieve an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 7.2% with a good exciton utilization (36%) and a moderate circularly polarized electroluminescence (CPEL) dissymmetry factor (gEL, 2.1 × 10−3). In addition, the CP‐HLCT molecule is sensitized by a thermally activated delayed fluorescence material, significantly ameliorating the efficiency of HLCT fluorescent CP‐OLEDs. Excellent performances of twofold maximum EQE (EQEmax) of 15.3% and 82% exciton utilization are obtained in the sensitized device, regarding an extremely low‐efficiency roll‐off of 2.6% at 1000 cd m−2 as well as CPEL with a gEL value of 2.0 × 10−3.
Effectively Unlocking the Potential Molecular Room Temperature Phosphorescence of Pure Carbazole Derivatives
Authors: Yuan Shou , Zhang Yuefa , Chen Junwu , Yu Yuan , Yue Lingtai , Sun Qikun , Zhang Haichang , Xue Shanfeng , Yang Wenjun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe current prevailing views are that carbazole derivatives without isomers show inferior room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) and that N‐aryl carbazole derivatives exhibit no ultralong RTP in dilute film states since the distorted structures easily dissipate the excitation energy. In the current work, we present that doping N‐aryl carbazole derivatives with heteroatoms and/or heavy halogen into PMMA at the molecular level by thermoplasticizing solution‐cast films can achieve ultra‐long‐lived (>1 s) and highly‐efficient (>36%) molecular RTP without the need of crystallization and isomer doping. Unlike isomer‐doped crystals that almost all emit yellow RTP, the RTP colors of doped PMMA films depend on the molecular structures of carbazole derivatives. Also, we can realize highly efficient and long‐lived red fluorescence afterglow via persistent Förster resonance energy transfer from RTP emission to fluorescent emitter. These colorful afterglow polymer films exhibit an ultra‐long (>20 h) photo‐activation pattern memory effect. This work has challenged existing experimental results and relative RTP mechanisms, providing a reasonable processing strategy for manifesting and enhancing the deserved RTP properties of organic doped polymers.
Functionalized Macrophage Exosomes with Panobinostat and PPM1D‐siRNA for Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Gliomas Therapy
Authors: Shan Shaobo , Chen Junge , Sun Yu , Wang Yongchao , Xia Bozhang , Tan Hong , Pan Changcun , Gu Guocan , Zhong Jie , Qing Guangchao , Zhang Yuxuan , Wang Jinjin , Wang Yufei , Wang Yi , Zuo Pengcheng , Xu Cheng , Li Fangzhou , Guo Weisheng , Xu Lijun , Chen Meiwan , Fan Yubo , Zhang Liwei , Liang Xing‐Jie 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDiffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a rare and fatal pediatric brain tumor. Mutation of p53‐induced protein phosphatase 1 (PPM1D) in DIPG cells promotes tumor cell proliferation, and inhibition of PPM1D expression in DIPG cells with PPM1D mutation effectively reduces the proliferation activity of tumor cells. Panobinostat effectively kills DIPG tumor cells, but its systemic toxicity and low blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability limits its application. In this paper, a nano drug delivery system based on functionalized macrophage exosomes with panobinostat and PPM1D‐siRNA for targeted therapy of DIPG with PPM1D mutation is prepared. The nano drug delivery system has higher drug delivery efficiency and better therapeutic effect than free drugs. In vivo and in vitro experimental results show that the nano drug delivery system can deliver panobinostat and siRNA across the BBB and achieve a targeted killing effect of DIPG tumor cells, resulting in the prolonged survival of orthotopic DIPG mice. This study provides new ideas for the delivery of small molecule drugs and gene drugs for DIPG therapy.
Assessment of cotton and sorghum stand establishment using UAV‐based multispectral and DSLR‐based RGB imagery
Authors: Dhakal Madhav , Huang Yanbo , Locke Martin A. , Reddy Krishna N. , Moore Matthew T , Krutz L. Jason , Gholson Drew , Bajgain Rajen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPlant density and canopy cover are key agronomic traits for cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] phenotypic evaluation. The objective of this study was to evaluate utility of broadband red–green–blue (RGB) and narrowband green, red, red‐edge, and near‐infrared spectral data taken by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), and RGB taken by a digital single‐lens reflex camera for assessing the cotton and sorghum stands. Support Vector Machine was used to analyze UAV images, whereas ImageJ was used for RGB images. Fifteen vegetation indices (VIs) were evaluated for their accuracy, predictability, and residual yield. All VIs had Cohen's k > .65, F score > .63, and User and Producer accuracy of more than 71 and 69%, respectively. Soil‐adjusted vegetation indices (SAVIs) among narrowband VIs and excess green minus excess red (ExG–ExR) among broadband VIs provided more agreeable estimates of cotton and sorghum density than the remaining VIs with R2 and index of agreement (IoA) up to .79 and .92, respectively. The estimated canopy cover explained up to 83 and 82% variability in leaf area index (LAI) of cotton and sorghum, respectively. The ImageJ produced R2 from .79 to .90 and .83 to .86 and IoA .89 to .97 and ∼.91 between estimated and observed cotton and sorghum density, respectively. ImageJ explained up to 82 and 79% variability in cotton and sorghum LAI, respectively. Although ImageJ can give close estimates of crop density and cover, UAV‐based narrowband VIs still can provide an agreeable, reliable, and time‐efficient estimate of these attributes.
Optimization of flow in additively manufactured porous columns with graded permeability
Authors: Salloum Maher , Robinson David B. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractChemical engineering systems often involve a functional porous medium, such as in catalyzed reactive flows, fluid purifiers, and chromatographic separations. Ideally, the flow rates throughout the porous medium are uniform, and all portions of the medium contribute efficiently to its function. The permeability is a property of a porous medium that depends on pore geometry and relates flow rate to pressure drop. Additive manufacturing techniques raise the possibilities that permeability can be arbitrarily specified in three dimensions, and that a broader range of permeabilities can be achieved than by traditional manufacturing methods. Using numerical optimization methods, we show that designs with spatially varying permeability can achieve greater flow uniformity than designs with uniform permeability. We consider geometries involving hemispherical regions that distribute flow, as in many glass chromatography columns. By several measures, significant improvements in flow uniformity can be obtained by modifying permeability only near the inlet and outlet.
Thermally stable, flame retardant, low‐dielectric constants, and flexible thermosetting resins based on a tetra‐functional benzoxazine compound possessing a cyclic siloxane core
Authors: Lee Hsuan‐Wei , Liu Ying‐Ling 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCyclosiloxanes possessing organic functional moieties are reactive organic–inorganic hybrids as effective building blocks for preparation of organic–inorganic nanocomposites. In this work, a tetra‐functional benzoxazine compound (cD4‐4Bz) with a cyclosiloxane core has been synthesized, cD4‐4Bz could be considered as a self‐crosslinkable benzoxazine compound and has been utilize in preparation of the corresponding polybenzoxazine‐cyclosiloxane thermosetting resins. The obtained crosslinked polybenzoxazines exhibit good film formability and attractive thermal properties including a thermal stability above 390°C, a glass transition temperature above 400°C, and a char yield of 64.5 wt% at 800°C, and low dielectric constant of 2.74 and a dissipation factor of 0.18 at 10 GHz. The hig char yield also indicates its high flame retardancy with a calculated limited oxygen index of 44. Moreover, cD4‐4Bz is a suitable agent for polymer modification through cocuring reactions with a tetrafunctional cyclosiloxane‐phenol compound, a main‐chain benzoxazine, and a bifunctional benzoxazine compound. One prepared sample has exhibited a high thermal stability above 435°C and a char yield of 72.9 wt%. The high flexibility and variety in the fabrication of high‐performance thermosetting resin have been demonstrated.
Effect of magnetic field treatment on effective thermal conductivity for polyimide‐based composite sheet using magnetite‐decorated hexagonal boron nitride
Authors: Haruki Masashi , Itaoka Takuro , Takatsu Yota 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe use of magnetic field treatment (MFT) was investigated to establish the appropriate temperature needed to enhance the out‐of‐plane effective thermal conductivity (k) of polyimide (PI)‐based composite sheets. Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) surfaces were decorated with magnetite particles (Fe3O4@hBN) for use as fillers. The magnetite amount was adjusted to a Fe3O4/hBN weight ratio of 0.2 in most cases. When MFT was carried out at the temperature starting from 80, 90, and 100°C, the effective k was enhanced compared with the lack of MFT. On the other hand, the effective k was not enhanced by the use of MFT at the starting temperature of either 150 or 200°C. Moreover, the cross‐sectional scanning electron microscope images and X‐ray diffractometer analyses of the sheets prepared both with and without MFT were consistent with the results of the effective k measurements. Namely, the fillers inside the sheets moved and rotated under MFT at the starting temperature of 80, 90, and 100°C. On the other hand, for MFT starting from either 150 or 200°C, the fillers were restrained due to high viscosity of the composite solutions. The results of measurements of the breakdown voltages also implied the formation of filler paths inside the sheets.
Fabrication of hollow‐carved microspheres with excellent antibacterial activity
Authors: Guo Wenling , Bai Xue , Zhang Duoxin , Wang Rongmin , Song Pengfei , He Yufeng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn order to explore the antimicrobic materials, new strategies for synthesis of particles were paid more and more attention as it was crucial to the advancement of material technology and environmental. In this work, we provided a strategy for construction of novel hollow‐carved microspheres (HCMs) by a simple method of emulsion interfacial polymerization (EIP). Firstly, using sodium p‐styrene sulfonate (SSS) and styrene (St) as hydrophilic/hydrophobic and rigid comonomers, diallyl dimethylammonium chloride (DMA) as cationic cross‐linking monomer, azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator, hexane as a pore‐forming agent, the HCMs were synthesized by EIP. Then, the quaternized HCMs (QHCMs) was prepared by quaternization of hydrophilic sodium sulfonate groups (SO3Na). The composition and micromorphology of the obtained microspheres were characterized by FT‐IR, XPS, EDS, DLS, SEM, and TEM. The antibacterial properties of QHCMs were tested against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. At a concentration of 320 μg/ml QHCMs, the bacteriostatic activities of S. aureus and E. coli decreased by more than 91.7% and 86.4%, respectively, which was confirmed by the colony forming units and regeneration curves. In summary, a novel antibacterial polymer material was successfully synthesized by EIP and quaternization, which could be widely used in coating materials to reduce bacterial infection.
Enhancing peel strength between liquid crystal polymer and copper with plasma treatment, surface oxidation, and silane coating
Authors: Chen Yuanming , Feng Hongcheng , Su Yuanzhang , Li Jiaqi , Xu Zhenlin , Li Yifeng , Li Nengbin , He Yaozong , Hong Yan , Wang Shouxu , Zhou Guoyun , Wang Chong , Du Yongjie , He Wei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLiquid crystal polymer (LCP) has been employed as a major type of substrate in flexible printed circuit manufacturing due to its excellent electrical and mechanical properties. In order to improve the peel strength of LCP to copper, a three‐step process was proposed in this study. In the process, the surface of LCP was treated with oxygen plasma to create holes and increase the number of hydrophilic groups. The surface of copper was then oxidized and coated with silane coupling agent. Above surface treatment aimed to introduce amine group to facilitate the interconnection between copper and LCP and improve the surface roughness of the copper surface. The final samples were laminated by the above treated copper and LCP. In this study, different oxidation conditions were explored to analyze the morphology and composition of the copper surface after oxidation. The maximum peel strength of the sample prepared by this process was 8.92 N cm−1. This developed process can effectively reduce product thickness compared to current methods in industry and can reduce lamination temperature compared to previous studies.
Graphene‐based Activated Carbon Composites for High Performance Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Jiménez‐Martín Gonzalo , Castillo Julen , Judez Xabier , Gómez‐Urbano Juan Luis , Moreno‐Fernández Gelines , Santiago Alexander , Saenz de Buruaga Amaia , Garbayo Iñigo , Coca‐Clemente Jose Antonio , Villaverde Aitor , Armand Michel , Li Chunmei , Carriazo Daniel 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe increasing demand for electrical energy storage requires the exploration of alternative battery chemistries that overcome the limitations of the current state‐of‐the‐art lithium‐ion batteries. In this scenario, lithium‐sulfur batteries stand out for their high theoretical energy density. However, several inherent limitations still hinder their commercialization. In this work, we report the synthesis and study of two high‐performance activated carbon‐based materials that allow to overcome the most challenging limitations of sulfur electrodes, i. e., low electronic conductivity and the polysulfide shuttle effect. The two tailored nanomaterials are based on porous carbon structures mixed with conductive reduced graphene oxide, one derived from an organic waste and the other from an organic synthetic route. These structures not only feature excellent individual properties, but also present excellent performance when implemented in batteries, related to their superior conductivity and polysulfide trapping ability, allowing to obtain improved rate capacity and high sulfur loading cycling. Additionally, we demonstrate the scalability of the best performing material by the assembly of high‐performance pouch cells.
Patterns of care for non‐metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer: A population‐based study
Authors: Malone Shawn , Wallis Christopher J. D. , Lee‐Ying Richard , Basappa Naveen S. , Cagiannos Ilias , Hamilton Robert J. , Fernandes Ricardo , Ferrario Cristiano , Gotto Geoffrey T. , Morgan Scott C. , Morash Christopher , Niazi Tamim , Noonan Krista L. , Rendon Ricardo , Hotte Sebastien J. , Saad Fred , Zardan Anousheh , Osborne Brendan , Chan Katherine F. Y. , Shayegan Bobby 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo describe patterns of practice of PSA testing and imaging for Ontario men receiving continuous ADT for the treatment of non‐metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC).Patients and MethodsThis was a retrospective, longitudinal, population‐based study of administrative health data from 2008 to 2019. Men 65 years and older receiving continuous androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with documented CRPC were included. An administrative proxy definition was applied to capture patients with nmCRPC and excluded those with metastatic disease. Patients were indexed upon progression to CRPC and were followed until death or end of study period to assess frequency of monitoring with PSA tests and conventional imaging. A 2‐year look‐back window was used to assess patterns of care leading up to CRPC as well as baseline covariates.ResultsAt a median follow‐up of 40.1 months, 944 patients with nmCRPC were identified. Their median time from initiation of continuous ADT to CRPC was 26.0 months. 60.7% of patients had their PSA measured twice or fewer in the year prior to index, and 70.7% patients did not receive any imaging in the year following progression to CRPC. Throughout the study period, 921/944 (97.6%) patients with CRPC progressed to high‐risk (HR‐CRPC) with PSA doubling time ≤ 10 months, of which more than half received fewer than three PSA tests in the year prior to developing HR‐CRPC, and 30.9% received no imaging in the subsequent year.ConclusionPSA testing and imaging studies are underutilized in a real‐world setting for the management of nmCRPC, including those at high risk of developing metastatic disease. Infrequent monitoring impedes proper risk stratification, disease staging and detection of treatment failure and/or metastases, thereby delaying the necessary treatment intensification with life‐prolonging therapies. Adherence to guideline recommendations and the importance of timely staging should be reinforced to optimize patient outcomes.
Quantification of tyramine in different types of food using novel green synthesis of ficus carica quantum dots as fluorescent probe
Authors: Salman Baher I. , Hassan Yasser F. , Eltoukhi Walid E. , Saraya Roshdy E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTyramine (TYM) is catecholamine releasing compound and TYM rich food causes hypertensive crisis due to a combination with monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOIs). Therefore, analysis of TYM in TYM rich food as (old cheese, cured meat, sausage, pickled olive and canned fish) and the environment is essential for hypertensive patients and to improvement of food industries.In this work, TYM was analyzed in different types of food using novel green synthesis carbon dots from Ficus carica (fig fruits). The gradual addition of TYM to polyamine carbon quantum dots (PA@CQDs) led to enhancement of the quantum dots fluorescence due to formation of hydrogen bonding between quantum dots and TYM. The calibration graph was plotted in the range 5–400 ng mL−1. The method was applied for the determination of TYM in different types of food as old cheese, cured meat, sausage, pickled olive and canned fish. The lower limit of quantitation (LOQ) was found to be 1.68 ng mL−1. The method was successfully applied for the quantification of TYM in varying types of food with high sensitivity and high economic effect due to the reusability of the quantum dots. The optical and morphological characters of quantum dots were studied carefully.
Quasi‐solid‐state conversion cathode materials for room‐temperature sodium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Lim Carina Yi Jing , Seh Zhi Wei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRoom‐temperature sodium–sulfur batteries (NaSBs) are promising candidates for next‐generation large‐scale energy storage solutions. However, the well‐known polysulfide shuttling of soluble long‐chain sulfur intermediates still remains a limitation in NaSBs, leading to rapid capacity loss arising from the dissolution of active sulfur into the electrolyte. This problem is effectively circumvented in quasi‐solid‐state conversion cathodes by elimination of the presence of these soluble intermediates altogether, with only insoluble intermediates formed in the process. Herein, we discuss various cathode materials that undergo quasi‐solid‐state conversion when cycled in a liquid electrolyte, including chemically bonded short‐chain sulfur species, short‐chain sulfur via physical confinement, and quasi‐solid‐state conversion cathodes with long‐chain sulfur moieties. We conclude by highlighting the current challenges and possible strategies to improve the mechanistic understanding and cycling performance of NaSBs for practical applications.
Stent thrombosis during COVID‐19 pandemic: A case series
Authors: Montaseri Mohammad , Golchin Vafa Reza , Attar Armin , Ali Hosseini Seyed , Kojuri Javad 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic originated from Wuhan, China, in late 2019. In addition to the respiratory system, COVID‐19 also affects other organ systems. The disease can lead to cardiovascular complications such as myocarditis, acute myocardial infarction, acute heart failure, and venous thromboembolism; patients with COVID‐19 experience more thrombotic events than non‐COVID‐19 patients. A 50‐year‐old male cigarette smoker presented to the emergency department (ED) with typical chest pain. His electrocardiography (ECG) showed an anterior STEMI. He developed multiple episodes of ventricular fibrillation (VF) and received defibrillator shocks. His angiogram showed thrombotic severe in‐stent restenosis (ISR) of the left anterior descending (LAD) artery stents. A 70‐year‐old diabetic hypertensive woman presented to the ED with dyspnea and chest pain. The patient had undergone angioplasty two times beforehand, and a fresh angiogram revealed severe thrombotic ISR of LAD stents and another far midpart lesion after the stents. She underwent successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). A 54‐year‐old man presented to the ED with typical chest pain commencing an hour beforehand. He had undergone angioplasty about 10 years earlier. The patient received the Oxford/AstraZeneca COVID‐19 vaccine 36 h before developing chest pain. The ECG revealed an infero‐posterior STEMI, and the angiogram depicted thrombotic occluded ISR in the RCA. The patient underwent successful PCI. Patients with COVID‐19 or even with COVID‐19 vaccination experience stent thrombosis due to a hypercoagulable state. Hence, we need standard guidelines to prevent stent thrombosis.