bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coexistence conservation: Reconciling threatened species and invasive predators through adaptive ecological and evolutionary approaches
Authors: Evans Maldwyn J. , Weeks Andrew R. , Scheele Ben C. , Gordon Iain J. , Neaves Linda E. , Andrewartha Tim A. , Brockett Brittany , Rapley Shoshana , Smith Kiarrah J. , Wilson Belinda A. , Manning Adrian D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractInvasive predators are responsible for declines in many animal species across the globe. To redress these declines, conservationists have undertaken substantial work to remove invasive predators or mitigate their effects. Yet, the challenges associated with removal of invasive predators mean that most successful conservation programs have been restricted to small islands, enclosures (“safe havens”), or refuge habitats where threatened species can persist. While these approaches have been, and will continue to be, crucial for the survival of many species, in some contexts they may eventually lock in a baseline where native species vulnerable to invasive predators are accepted as permanently absent from the wild (shifting baseline syndrome). We propose an explicit theme in conservation biology termed “coexistence conservation,” that is distinguished by its pursuit of innovative solutions that drive or enable adaptive evolution of threatened species and invasive predators to occur over the long term. We argue evolution has a large role to play but using it to adapt native species to a new environmental order requires a shift in mindset from small, isolated, and short‐term leaps to deliberate, staged steps within a long‐term strategy. A key principle of coexistence conservation is that predation is treated as the threat, rather than the predator, driving a focus on the outcome rather than the agent. Without a long‐term strategy, we face the permanent loss of many species in the wild. Coexistence conservation is a complementary approach to current practice and will play an important role in shifting our current trajectory from continued and rapid invasive predator‐driven defaunation to a world where invasive predators and native prey can coexist.
Relational ethics, informed consent, and informed assent in participatory research with children with complex communication needs
Authors: Van Goidsenhoven Leni , De Schauwer Elisabeth 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThere is a need for qualitative participatory research involving children with intellectual disability and complex communication needs (CCNs), but procedural ethics cannot always adequately respond to the associated realities. To tackle this challenge, procedural ethics can be expanded with relational ethics to engage with consent and assent practices in participatory research projects. By drawing on several key incidents of participatory research with children with CCNs, we explore the complex moral spaces and times of ambivalent and iterative (dis)engagements within research processes. We reconceptualize the consent/assent terrain as a relationally constituted process, more aligned with the overall epistemological frameworks of participatory research and ensuring (disabled) children's ongoing and meaningful involvement in research.What this paper adds

Reconfiguring informed consent and assent is an ongoing and unfinished process.

Both relational and procedural ethics are needed.

Informed consent and assent represent an ongoing process, not a one‐time event.

Respect for research participants demands that they be included in the analysis of the data and writing of the results.
Biofeedback assisted relaxation training and distraction therapy for pain in children undergoing botulinum neurotoxin A injections: A crossover randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ostojic Katarina , Paget Simon P. , Webb Annabel , Khut George P. , Morrow Angela M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimTo compare biofeedback assisted relaxation training (BART) with distraction therapy for pain during botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT‐A) treatment.MethodThis was a crossover randomized controlled trial. Eligible participants were 7 years and older with neurological conditions. Participants were randomized to receive BART or distraction during their first BoNT‐A treatment, followed by the alternative intervention in their subsequent BoNT‐A treatment. BART was delivered via BrightHearts, an interactive heart‐rate‐responsive application. Outcomes were pain (Faces Pain Scale – Revised), fear (Children's Fear Scale), and anxiety (numerical rating scale, State–Trait Anxiety Inventory). Demographics, paired t‐tests, and linear mixed models were used to compare outcomes.ResultsThirty‐eight participants (mean [SD] age 13 years 5 months [3 years 4 months], 20 males, 34 with cerebral palsy) completed both interventions. There were non‐significant differences in overall pain (mean difference − 0.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.91 to 0.80, p = 0.902) and worst pain (mean difference 0.37, 95% CI −0.39 to 1.13, p = 0.334) when using BART and distraction therapy. There were non‐significant differences in fear and anxiety between interventions. Younger age, heightened pre‐procedural state anxiety, and Gross Motor Function Classification System levels III and IV were associated with poorer outcomes (p < 0.05). Participants who received BART before distraction therapy reported lower pain and anxiety scores during both BoNT‐A treatments (p < 0.05).InterpretationChildren reported similar pain when using BART and distraction therapy. Those who used BART before distraction therapy reported lower pain and anxiety during both treatments.What this paper adds

Children reported similar pain (overall; worst) when using biofeedback assisted relaxation training (BART) and distraction therapy.

Children who used BART before distraction therapy reported lower pain and anxiety over both botulinum neurotoxin A treatments.

Younger age, pre‐procedural state anxiety, and Gross Motor Function Classification System levels III and IV predicted a worse pain experience.

Distraction therapy and BART were acceptable non‐pharmacological interventions for procedural pain management.
O‐Health‐Edu: A vision for oral health professional education in Europe
Authors: Field James , Dixon Jonathan , Davies Julia , Quinn Barry , Murphy Denis , Vital Sibylle , Paganelli Corrado , Akota Ilze , Gerber Gabor , Roger‐Leroi Valerie , Manzanares‐Cespedes Maria Cristina , Tubert‐Jeannin Stephanie 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis consensus paper reports on the process of developing a renewed vision for Oral Health Professional (OHP) education across Europe, and forms part of a larger EU‐funded collaborative Erasmus+ project, “O‐Health‐Edu.” The vision aligns with the World Health Organisation milestones (2016) and resolutions (2021), and EU4Health programme (2020) objectives ‐ and projects 20 years into the future, to 2040. This longitudinal vision takes a multi‐stakeholder perspective to deliver OHP education that acts in the best interests of both students and patients, and sits within the context of a wider strategy for general health. Included, it is an infographic to help communicate the vision to various stakeholders of OHP education.
Managing macropods without poisoning ecosystems
Authors: Hampton Jordan O. , Pay James M. , Katzner Todd E. , Arnemo Jon M. , Pokras Mark A. , Buenz Eric , Kanstrup Niels , Thomas Vernon G. , Uhart Marcela , Lambertucci Sergio A. , Krone Oliver , Singh Navinder J. , Naidoo Vinny , Ishizuka Mayumi , Saito Keisuke , Helander Björn , Green Rhys E. 
Published: June 2022

SummaryA recent review of the management of hyperabundant macropods in Australia proposed that expanded professional shooting is likely to lead to better biodiversity and animal welfare outcomes. While the tenets of this general argument are sound, it overlooks one important issue for biodiversity and animal health and welfare: reliance on toxic lead‐based ammunition. Lead poisoning poses a major threat to Australia's wildlife scavengers. Current proposals to expand professional macropod shooting would see tonnes of an extremely toxic and persistent heavy metal continue to be introduced into Australian environments. This contrasts with trends in many other countries, where lead ammunition is, through legislation or voluntary programs, being phased out. Fortunately, there are alternatives to lead ammunition that could be investigated and adopted for improved macropod management. A transition to lead‐free ammunition would allow the broad environmental and animal welfare goals desired from macropod management to be pursued without secondarily and unintentionally poisoning scavengers. Through this article, we hope to increase awareness of this issue and encourage discussion of this potential change.
Laryngeal dysplasia: Computed tomographic findings in an Oldenburg mare
Authors: Bowkett‐Pritchard Constance , Morgan Rhiannon E. 
Published: June 2022

SummaryA 5‐year‐old Oldenburg mare presented for poor performance, head‐tossing and bucking when ridden. An abnormal respiratory noise was audible during exercise. Computed tomography (CT) revealed right laryngeal dysplasia; an absent cricothyroid articulation, abnormally shaped thyroid cartilage, underdeveloped cricopharyngeus muscle, rostral displacement of the palatopharyngeal arch and an oesophageal air column. In this case, it was unlikely that the laryngeal pathology was related to the horse's clinical signs. This case report provides a reference CT examination of laryngeal dysplasia, corroborating previous findings using magnetic resonance imaging, radiography, ultrasonography and post‐mortem examination.
Evaluation of very high cycle fatigue properties for transverse crack initiation in cross‐ply carbon fiber‐reinforced plastic laminates
Authors: Miyakoshi Tsuyoshi , Atsumi Takeru , Kosugi Kensuke , Hosoi Atsushi , Tsuda Terumasa , Kawada Hiroyuki 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates the transverse crack initiation behaviors of carbon fiber‐reinforced plastics (CFRPs) in the high‐cycle and very high cycle regimes. To accelerate the fatigue test up to the very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) regime, an ultrasonic fatigue testing system that can apply the specimen ultrasonic load at a frequency of 20 kHz was used. The fatigue behavior of cross‐ply CFRP laminates formed with T800S/2592 prepreg was investigated. The fatigue behaviors at N = 103–107 cycles and N = 108–109 cycles were obtained by hydraulic and ultrasonic fatigue tests, respectively. The slope of the S–N diagram for transverse crack initiation showed a linear decrease in the region of N = 103–106 cycles and leveled off over N = 106 cycles. Furthermore, no cracks occurred in any specimen tested under the 90°‐layer stress σ90°max = 44 MPa up to a maximum of N = 6.56 × 109 cycles.
Phototrophic sponge productivity may not be enhanced in a high CO2 world
Authors: Bell James J. , Shaffer Megan , Luter Heidi M. , Mana Ralph , Rodolfo‐Metalpa Riccardo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSponges are major components of benthic communities across the world and have been identified as potential “winners” on coral reefs in the face of global climate change as result of their tolerance to ocean warming and acidification (OA). Previous studies have also hypothesised that photosymbiont‐containing sponges might have higher productivity under future OA conditions as a result of photosymbionts having increased access to CO2 and subsequently greater carbon production. Here we test this hypothesis for a widespread and abundant photosymbiont‐containing sponge species Lamellodysidea herbacea at a CO2 seep in Papua New Guinea simulating OA conditions. We found seep sponges had relatively higher cyanobacterial abundance, chlorophyll concentrations and symbiont photosynthetic efficiency than non‐seep sponges, and a three‐fold higher sponge abundance at the seep site. However, while gross oxygen production was the same for seep and non‐seep sponges, seep sponge dark respiration rates were higher and instantaneous photosynthesis: respiration (P:R) ratios were lower. We show that while photosymbiont containing sponges may not have increased productivity under OA, they are able to show flexibility in their relationships with microbes and offset increased metabolic costs associated with climate change associated stress.
Adverse perinatal outcomes associated with timing of initiation of antiretroviral therapy: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Sexton Harriet , Kumarendran Mary , Brandon Zoe , Shi Christine , Kirtley Shona , Hemelaar Joris 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe World Health Organization (WHO) recommends immediate initiation of lifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART) for all people living with HIV, including pregnant women. As a result, an increasing number of women living with HIV conceive while taking ART, the vast majority of whom reside in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs). We aimed to assess the association between timing of ART initiation and perinatal outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a systematic literature review by searching PubMed, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Global Health (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and four clinical trial databases (WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, the Pan African Clinical Trials Registry, the ClinicalTrials.gov database, and the ISRCTN Registry) from 1 January 1980 to 28 April 2018. We identified studies reporting specific perinatal outcomes among pregnant women living with HIV according to timing of ART initiation and extracted data. Perinatal outcomes assessed were preterm birth (<37 weeks), very preterm birth (<32 weeks), low birthweight (<2500 g), very low birthweight (<1500 g), small for gestational age (<10th centile), very small for gestational age (<3rd centile) and neonatal death (<29 days). Random‐effects meta‐analyses examined perinatal outcomes associated with preconception and antenatal ART initiation as well as according to trimesters of antenatal initiation. We performed quality assessments and subgroup and sensitivity analyses, and assessed the effect of adjustment for confounders. This systematic review and meta‐analyses is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42021248987.ResultsOf 51 874 unique citations, 25 studies (eight prospective and 17 retrospective cohort studies) were eligible for analysis, including 40 920 women living with HIV. Preconception ART initiation was associated with a significantly increased risk of preterm birth (relative risk 1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03–1.31) compared with antenatal ART initiation. Preconception ART initiation was not significantly associated with very preterm birth, low birthweight, very low birthweight, small for gestational age, very small for gestational age, or neonatal death. First trimester exposure (i.e. preconception or first trimester initiation) was not significantly associated with any increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. No significant association between timing of ART initiation and adverse perinatal outcomes was found in the studies of higher quality and those conducted in LMICs.ConclusionPreconception ART initiation is associated with preterm birth but no other adverse perinatal outcomes. In LMICs, where most pregnant women living with HIV reside, the timing of ART initiation was not associated with any adverse perinatal outcomes.
Guideline‐based audit of the hospital management of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Drak Douglas , Fulcher Jordan , Kilian Jens , Chong James J. H. , Grover Rominder , Sindone Andrew P. , Adams Mark , Lattimore Jo‐Dee , Keech Anthony C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundHeart failure is a major burden in Australia in terms of morbidity, mortality and healthcare expenditure. Multiple evidence‐based therapies are recommended for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), but data on physician adherence to therapy guidelines are limited.AimTo compare use of HFrEF therapies against current evidence‐based guidelines in an Australian hospital inpatient population.MethodsA retrospective review of patients admitted with a principal diagnosis of HFrEF across six metropolitan hospitals in Sydney, Australia, between January 2015 and June 2016. Use of medical and device therapies was compared with guideline recommendations using individual patient indications/contraindications. Readmission and mortality data were collected for a 1‐year period following the admission.ResultsOf the 1028 HFrEF patients identified, 39 were being managed with palliative intent, leaving 989 patients for the primary analysis. Use of beta‐blockers (87.7% actual use/93.6% recommended use) and diuretics (88.4%/99.3%) was high among eligible patients. There were large evidence‐practice gaps for angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers (ACEI/ARB; 66.4%/89.0%) and aldosterone antagonists (41.0%/77.1%). In absolute terms, use of these therapies each increased by over 11% from admission. Ivabradine (11.5%/21.2%), automated internal cardiac defibrillators (29.5%/66.1%) and cardiac resynchronisation therapy (13.1%/28.7%) were used in a minority of eligible patients. Over the 1‐year follow‐up period, the mortality rate was 14.8%, and 44.2% of patients were readmitted to hospital at least once.ConclusionHospitalisation is a key mechanism for initiation of HFrEF therapies. The large evidence‐practice gaps for ACEI/ARB and aldosterone antagonists represent potential avenues for improved HFrEF management.
Community participation and staying home if you want:USadults with intellectual and developmental disabilities
Authors: Stancliffe Roger J. , Pettingell Sandra L. , Bershadsky Julie , Houseworth James , Tichá Renáta 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundRequiring adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities to go on community outings with co‐residents and staff is contrary to community‐living policy's focus on person centredness and choice of activities/companions.MethodWe analysed 2018‐19 National Core Indicators data from 36 US states concerning 7968 adults living in staffed, non‐family, multi‐client settings. The focus outcome was being able to stay home if you want when others in your home go out.ResultsThe 42.0% of participants who could stay home were more likely to go out with friends, family or alone, and less likely to go out with staff. Those who could stay home participated in a similar variety of community activities and went out more often to shop or for errands.ConclusionsIndividuals who could stay home likely had more choice about where, when and with whom they went out. Strategies for greater person‐centredness are proposed.
Global prevalence and clinical manifestations of cutaneous adverse reactions following COVID‐19 vaccination: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Washrawirul C. , Triwatcharikorn J. , Phannajit J. , Ullman M. , Susantitaphong P. , Rerknimitr P. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAlthough vaccination is widely accepted as an effective method of preventing and controlling the COVID‐19 pandemic, many people are concerned about possible cutaneous side‐effects, which can delay or prevent them from being vaccinated. The objectives of this systematic review were to assess the global prevalence and clinical manifestations of cutaneous adverse reactions following COVID‐19 vaccination. PubMed and Scopus databases were searched for articles published from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2021, and reference lists for each selected article were screened. Case reports, case series, observational studies and randomized controlled trials that provided information on cutaneous adverse reactions following COVID‐19 vaccines were included. A total of 300 studies were included in a systematic review of which 32 studies with 946 366 participants were included in the meta‐analysis. The pooled prevalence of cutaneous manifestations following COVID‐19 vaccination was 3.8% (95% CI, 2.7%–5.3%). COVID‐19 vaccines based on the mRNA platform had a higher prevalence than other platforms at 6.9% (95% CI, 3.8%–12.3%). Various cutaneous manifestations have been reported from injection site reactions, which were the most common (72.16%) to uncommon adverse reactions such as delayed inflammatory reactions to tissue filler (0.07%) and flares of pre‐existing dermatoses (0.07%). Severe cutaneous reactions such as anaphylaxis have also been reported, but in rare cases (0.05%). In conclusion, cutaneous adverse reactions are common, especially in those receiving mRNA vaccines. Most reactions are mild and are not contraindications to subsequent vaccination except for anaphylaxis, which rarely occurs. COVID‐19 vaccination may also be associated with flares of pre‐existing dermatoses and delayed inflammatory reactions to tissue filler. Patients with a history of allergies, pre‐existing skin conditions or scheduled for filler injections should receive additional precounselling and monitoring. A better understanding of potential side‐effects may strengthen public confidence in those wary of new vaccine technologies.
Global prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with psoriasis in the past two decades: current evidence
Authors: Liu L. , Cai X.‐c. , Sun X.‐y. , Zhou Y.‐q. , Jin M.‐z. , Wang J. , Ma T. , Li B. , Li X. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPatients with psoriasis are at an increased risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS); however, a systematic analysis of its global prevalence has not been performed to date. Here, we performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis to assess the prevalence of MetS among patients with psoriasis. We searched five databases from inception through September 2021 and used the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) tools to assess observational study quality. Stata SE 15.1 was used to perform the data analysis. Subgroup, meta‐regression and sensitivity analyses were used to evaluate interstudy heterogeneity. Publication bias was evaluated using Egger's and Begg's linear tests. The global prevalence of MetS in patients with psoriasis was 32% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.26–0.38). The prevalence in adults was 32% (95% CI, 0.29–0.36), while that in children and adolescents was 9% (95% CI, 0.00–0.18). Latin America had the highest prevalence of 47% (95% CI, 0.43–0.51), whereas North America had the lowest prevalence of 26% (95% CI, 0.16–0.37). Patients with psoriasis vulgaris (29%; 95% CI, 0.23–0.35) or severe psoriasis (37%; 95% CI, 0.27–0.46) had a higher prevalence of MetS than those with other psoriasis types. These findings suggest that MetS should be appropriately recognized and managed in patients with psoriasis. More population‐based prospective observational studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the coexistence of MetS in patients with psoriasis.