bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Universe: the dynamics of the minimum and maximum expansion states
Authors: Petrakis Sócrates Georges 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Two proposals stand out in describing the evolution of the Universe; the predominant one predicts that the current expansion began at a certain instant and will not preserve a variation of energy that performs work; an apparent flat Universe (Ω = 1) is advocated by relativistic calculations and observational data, with an end at its maximum expansion (3D Space); the other proposal considers that the Universe is cyclical, always alternating phases of expansion and contraction. This article aims to demonstration that these two perspectives can be correct by not being distinct, but complementary. Supported by the immutability of physical laws, analyses of concepts define an exclusive presence of 1D Space in static states of minimum and maximum expansion of the Universe. With our Universe (3D Space) created and existing between these extreme states, each dynamic is highlighted and completes the usual relativity. The concept of absolute rest energy (1D Space) become applicable; thus, the complete evolution of the Universe is described as spatially dynamic in a perpetual time dimension, always recreating our Universe, and making possible a relative maintenance of any existence.
Hydrochemical characteristics and hydraulic connection of shallow and mid-layer water in typical mining area: a case study from Sulin mining area in Northern Anhui, China
Authors: Qiu Huili , Gui Herong , Xu Haifeng , Cui Lin , Wang Chong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Due to the large amount of water supply, the water level difference between mid-layer water and shallow water increases. There is no authoritative answer whether there is a hydraulic connection between shallow and mid-layer water. Therefore, a clear understanding of hydrogeochemical characteristics and the water chemical connection of them is indispensable for groundwater protection and the safety of water supply. The results of the statistical analysis showed that shallow and mid-layer water were both neutral water. The content of SO42−, Cl− and Na+ in both exceeded the grade III standard limit in the Standard for Groundwater Quality of China. Piper diagram revealed shallow water was mainly of Na + Mg + HCO3− and Mg + Na + HCO3− type, and mid-layer water was mainly of Na + Mg + HCO3− + SO42− and Na + Mg + HCO3− type. Besides, using the coefficient variations method of comprehensive water quality index (pH, TDS, F−, and NO3−), it is found that except for a local area with thin thickness (less than 5 m) of the first aquiclude, the mid-layer water was not affected by shallow water in Sulin mining area. This study may be helpful for the safety of water supply in the study area and other mining areas in the Huaibei coalfield.
Adsorption of methyl orange on ZnO supported by seawater-modified red mud
Authors: Qiao Chun-Lei , Xu Yan-Ming , Yin Yue , Xu Yu-Xing , Xiao Yi-Hua , Liu Chang-Qing 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this study, a novel adsorbent (SRM-ZnO) was prepared using zinc oxide supported on red mud in a seawater medium and was used for the adsorption of methyl orange (MO). It is expected to solve the recycling of red mud and prepare an economical adsorbent with high efficiency to adsorb dye wastewater. Material composition and morphology analyses showed that hydrotalcite compounds were attached on the surface of SRM-ZnO. The hydrotalcite compounds can increase the surface area of the modified red mud and thus increase the adsorption capacity of MO. The adsorption of MO dye on modified red mud conforms to the Temkin isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption behavior mainly includes physical interaction, supplemented with chemical interactions. Result also found that the adsorption of MO on SRM-ZnO is a spontaneous exothermic process.
Feasibility evaluation on using the ORP to better monitor generator internal cooling water system
Authors: Wang Tianping , Lin Pei , Jiang Tao , Jia Xuxiang , Wang Yu , Ye Chunsong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Inadequate monitoring of the generator internal cooling water (GICW) system is one of the root causes for the system failure in nuclear, thermal and hydraulic power plants. The feasibility of using the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) of GICW to better monitor the system statuses, GICW slight-alkalization and typical system abnormalities were evaluated on our dynamic simulation test device. During the process of GICW slight-alkalization, the ORP decreases linearly as the pH value increases with high correlation R2 of 0.9996, which is far more sensitive than the open-circuit potential (OCP) proposed in previous studies. This indication of sensitivity is attributed to the chemical inertness of the electrode in the GICW, thus ensuring its stable surface characteristic. Meanwhile, the two most common system abnormalities, CO2 leakage and DO decrease, were simulated. The results demonstrate that the ORP can keenly diagnose these two abnormalities, from their occurrences to their handling. Further, a more comprehensive specification of GICW oxidation property characterized as the ORP was obtained for guiding the field operation. In conclusion, it is feasible to use the ORP to better monitor GICW system statuses. This study proposes a promising parameter that can be used to improve current inadequate GICW system monitoring.
Functionalized Nanostructured Bioactive Carriers: Nanoliposomes,
Quantum Dots, Tocosome, and Theranostic Approach
Authors: Mehrarya Mehrnoush , Mozafari M. R. , Gharehchelou Behnaz , Kabarkouhi Zeinab , Ataei Sara , Esfahani Fahime Nasr , Wintrasiri Milint Neleptchenko 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Lipid nanocarriers have great potential for the encapsulation and delivery of
numerous bioactive compounds. They have demonstrated significant benefits over traditional disease
management and conventional therapy. The benefits associated with the particular properties of lipid
nanocarriers include site-specific drug deposition, improved pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics,
enhanced internalization and intracellular transport, biodegradability, and decreased biodistribution.
These properties result in the alleviation of the harmful consequences of conventional treatment protocols.

Scope and approach:
The administration of various bioactive molecules has been extensively investigated
using nanostructured lipid carriers. In this article, theranostic applications of novel formulations of
lipid nanocarriers combined or complexed with quantum dots, certain polymers, such as chitosan, and
metallic nanoparticles (particularly gold) are reviewed. These formulations have demonstrated better
controlled release features, improved drug loading capability, as well as a lower burst release rate. As a
recent innovation in drug delivery, tocosomes and their unique advantages are also explained in the final
section of this review.

Key findings and conclusions:
Theranostic medicine requires nanocarriers with improved target-specific
accumulation and bio-distribution. To this end, lipid-based nanocarrier systems and tocosomes combined
with unique properties of quantum dots, biocompatible polymers, and metallic nanoparticles seem
to be ideal candidates to be considered for safe and efficient drug delivery.
Greek Caregivers of Chronically Ill Patients Struggling in Everyday Life
Authors: Kyriaki Mystakidou , Sotiria Kostopoulou , Athina Sakellariou , Maria Nikoloudi , Efi Parpa , Eleni Tsilika , Alexandra Mantoudi 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Caregivers of chronically ill geriatric patients face several problems throughout the disease progression of the patients under their care. This is a prospective cross-sectional study conducted from September 2017 to September 2018 including 130 caregivers of geriatric patients, in Attica Greece.
Objectives

Objectives:
Thisstudy investigates caregivers’ anxiety, perception of changes in their lives and their quality of life.

Methods:
The questionnaires administered were: the revised Bakas Caregiving Outcomes Scale (rBCOS), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and the Linear Analogue Scale Assessment (LASA).

Results:
Influencing factors associated with both rBCOS, STAI and LASA were care timespan and energy levels. Cancer diagnosis seemed to influence only the state anxiety scale and the patient-caregiver relationship onlyrBCOS questionnaire.

Conclusion:
Our findings saw thatunderneath anxiety, low quality of life and perception of changes in lives of caregivers are lying a variety of factors. Significantly factors weretime spend caring for the patient, the status of their relationship, the diagnosis especially in life-threatening and life-limiting diseases and the caregivers’ energy levels that already existed. These results are important in order to comprehend the lives of caregivers and assess with what means could healthcare system and society further assist them.
Analysis of Aqueous Dextran: An Ultrasonic Study
Authors: Panda Subhraraj 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Ultrasonic research can be used to recognise molecular connections and
the structural behaviour of molecules. The combination of ultrasonic velocity, density, and viscosity
data provides a plethora of information regarding ion interactions, dipoles, hydrogen bonding,
multi-polar, and dispersive forces.

Objective:
This study aimed to determine the molecular interaction between solute dextran of different
concentrations and distilled water as a solvent. The “ultrasonic speed (U), density (ρ), and
viscosity (η)” at 323 K have been determined at four different frequencies, i.e., “1MHz, 5MHz,
9MHz, and 12 MHz”. The derived acoustical parameters, such as “acoustic impedance (Z), adiabatic
compressibility (β), intermolecular free length (Lf), relaxation time (τ), Gibb’s free energy
(ΔG),” have been determined from the experimental data. The significance is given to the subjective
data with respect to the nature and quality of the interactions of the particles between solute
and solvent in the liquids solutions.

Methods:
The density was measured by a specific gravity bottle, viscosity by Ostwald’s viscometer,
and ultrasonic velocity through an ultrasonic interferometer of the solution. Moreover, the
thermo-acoustic parameters were calculated using the measured parameters.

Results:
Ultrasonic wave propagation affects the physical properties of the medium and hence
furnishes information on the physics of liquid and solution. The measured parameters like ultrasonic
velocity, density, and viscosity have been used to understand the solute-solute and solutesolvent
interactions in the solution containing dextran with water.

Conclusion:
The effect of frequency on thermo-acoustic parameters has been studied. The nature
of the forces between molecules, such as hydrogen bonds, charge transfer complexes, and breaking
of hydrogen bonds and complexes, has been interpreted from the above studies.
A Novel Powerful Choline Chloride - Thiourea/Sulfuric Acid: An Efficient
and Recyclable Catalyst Used for the Microwave-assisted Synthesis of
Quinazolin- 4(3H)-one Derivatives Used as Antibacterial Agents in Green
Media
Authors: Foroughifar Naser , Norouzi Fateme Haji , Khajeh-Amiri Alireza , Pasdar Hoda 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Choline chloride-thiourea/sulfuric acid is a powerful and efficient green
catalyst used for one-pot synthesis of quinazoline-4 (3H)-one derivatives via a reaction between
various amines, acetic anhydride, and anthranilic acid under microwave irradiation and solventfree
conditions (4a-q). Microwave irradiation, which is a faster, more cost-effective, less energyintensive,
and more efficient method than conventional heating, has been used to synthesize some
quinazolinone derivatives.

Introduction:
For the past ten years, one of the major subjects in synthetic organic chemistry has
been green synthesis, which has used efficient and environmentally friendly methods to synthesize
biological compounds. The use of catalysts has significant advantages, including ease of preparation
and separation, chemical and thermal stability, and environmental friendliness due to features
such as reusability, low cost, and efficient and easy workup techniques. Therefore, the mechanism
is performed by a non-toxic organic catalyst that uses the least amount of energy and chemical
reactants in accordance with the principles of green chemistry and the least waste.

Methods:
One-pot and sequential addition methods have been used to synthesize quinazolinone
derivatives. In the sequential addition method, the reaction was started by adding acetic anhydride
and anthranilic acid to the reaction vessel under microwave irradiation and continued by adding
choline chloride thiourea/sulfuric acid as efficient, recyclable green catalysts and the desired
amine. In vitro, the well diffusion method against different pathogenic strains was used to evaluate
the antimicrobial activity of quinazoline-4 (3H)-one derivatives. Pathogenic strains used were
Candida albicans ATCC 10231 (yeast), Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404 (fungus), Escherichia coli
ATCC 8739, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027 (bacteria) and ATCC 6538, and Staphylococcus
aureus S. epidermidis ATCC 12228. Pyrimidine-containing compounds, in which the 3-
hydroxyl, 2,5-dimethoxy, 4-bromo, 4‐methoxy, and 4‐chloro groups are attached to the phenyl
ring of pyrimidine, exhibit antimicrobial properties.

Results:
In a short reaction time, a variety of biologically active quinazolinone derivatives were
synthesized with high efficiency. According to the results, it was found that with aliphatic amines,
the reaction time was shorter, and the reaction efficiency was higher. Products synthesized from
aromatic amines had more antibacterial properties.

Conclusion:
In this work, a variety of 2-methyl-quinazoline-4 (3H)-one derivatives (4a–q) were
synthesized as potent antibacterial agents under microwave irradiation and solvent-free conditions
in the presence of ChCl-thiourea/H2SO4 as an efficient, eco-friendly, and recyclable catalyst.
Twitter Conversations About Pancreatic Cancer by Health Care Providers and the General Public: Thematic Analysis
Authors: Grewal Udhayvir Singh , Gupta Arjun , Doggett Jamie , Lou Emil , Gusani Niraj J , Maitra Anirban , Beg Muhammad Shaalan , Ocean Allyson J 
Published: March 2022

Background
There is a growing interest in the pattern of consumption of health-related information on social media platforms.

Objective
We evaluated the content of discussions around pancreatic cancer on Twitter to identify subtopics of greatest interest to health care providers and the general public.

Methods
We used an online analytical tool (Creation Pinpoint) to quantify Twitter mentions (tweets and retweets) related to pancreatic cancer between January 2018 and December 2019. Keywords, hashtags, word combinations, and phrases were used to identify mentions. Health care provider profiles were identified using machine learning and then verified by a human analyst. Remaining user profiles were classified as belonging to the general public. Data from conversations were stratified qualitatively into 5 domains: (1) prevention, (2) survivorship, (3) treatment, (4) research, and (5) policy. We compared the themes of conversations initiated by health care providers and the general public and analyzed the impact of the Pancreatic Cancer Awareness Month and announcements by public figures of pancreatic cancer diagnoses on the overall volume of conversations.

Results
Out of 1,258,028 mentions of pancreatic cancer, 313,668 unique mentions were classified into the 5 domains. We found that health care providers most commonly discussed pancreatic cancer research (10,640/27,031 mentions, 39.4%), while the general public most commonly discussed treatment (154,484/307,449 mentions, 50.2%). Health care providers were found to be more likely to initiate conversations related to research (odds ratio [OR] 1.75, 95% CI 1.70-1.79, P<.001) and prevention (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.41-1.57, P<.001) whereas the general public took the lead in the domains of treatment (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.58-1.69, P<.001) and survivorship (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.13-1.21, P<.001). Pancreatic Cancer Awareness Month did not increase the number of mentions by health care providers in any of the 5 domains, but general public mentions increased temporarily in all domains except prevention and policy. Health care provider mentions did not increase with announcements by public figures of pancreatic cancer diagnoses. After Alex Trebek, host of the television show Jeopardy, received his diagnosis, general public mentions of survivorship increased, while Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg’s diagnosis increased conversations on treatment.

Conclusions
Health care provider conversations on Twitter are not aligned with the general public. Pancreatic Cancer Awareness Month temporarily increased general public conversations about treatment, research, and survivorship, but not prevention or policy. Future studies are needed to understand how conversations on social media platforms can be leveraged to increase health care awareness among the general public.
Workplace Reintegration Facilitator Training Program for Mental Health Literacy and Workplace Attitudes of Public Safety Personnel: Pre-Post Pilot Cohort Study
Authors: Jones Chelsea , Smith-MacDonald Lorraine , Pike Ashley , Bright Katherine , Bremault-Phillips Suzette 
Published: March 2022

Background
Public safety personnel (PSP) impacted by operational stress injuries can find themselves needing both time off work and support reintegrating back into the workforce. Work reintegration programs have been introduced in PSP organizations to support those who aim to return to work. One such peer-led workplace reintegration program (RP) was created in 2009 by members of the Edmonton Police Service (EPS). The primary goal of the EPSRP is to assist PSP in returning to work as soon as possible following a critical incident, illness, or injury while diminishing the potential for long-term psychological injury. The EPSRP is delivered by peers through 3 interrelated components: (1) the Reintegration Program Facilitator Training (RPFT) Program; (2) a short-term Critical Incident RP; and (3) a long-term RP. There is a dire need for research that incorporates strong study designs to the determine long-term effectiveness of the program on increasing workplace reintegration, improving mental health knowledge, and creating culture change within PSP organizations. Simultaneously, the efficacy, effectiveness, and fidelity of the RPFT in providing the tools, mental health knowledge, and skills the RP peer facilitators will need for the RP must be evaluated.

Objective
The purpose of this quasi-experimental pre-post pilot cohort study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the EPSRPFT course on influencing mental health knowledge and attitudes of RPFT attendees who will be future RP peer facilitators.

Methods
This pre-post cohort study collected data via 2 questionnaires from RPFT participants (N=60) which included the Mental Health Knowledge Survey (MAKS) and the Open Minds Survey of Workplace Attitudes (OMSWA). Descriptive, parametric (sample t tests), and nonparametric (Wilcoxon signed rank tests) statistics were used to compare the pre- and post-RPFT results and to analyze results by gender and profession.

Results
Statistically significant changes were observed in pre-post questionnaire scores in the domains of mental health attitudes and knowledge.

Conclusions
Although results are explorative, the RPFT may facilitate positive changes in workplace mental health attitudes and knowledge among PSP. It is hoped these findings will contribute to a broader evidence base that can inform changes to the program, practices, and policies, and inform decision-making regarding the EPSRP.
Ana Montilla y Roberto Villaseñor, coords. Alfredo Pérez Guarneros, ed. Uantanskuechap’urepechajimpo. Cuentos en lengua purépecha. México: CONACULTA, 2015.
Authors: Reyes Baltazar Bertha Citlali 
Published: March 2022

El “Concurso Regional de Cuento en Lengua Indígena” fue el primer paso para que se realizará el libro Uantanskuechap’urepechajimpo, una recopilación de textos hechos por escritores de comunidades purépechas. Apoyado por un programa para el reconocimiento de la escritura en lengua hñähñu, jñatrjo, náhuatl y purépecha, y por el esfuerzo de distintas instituciones, el libro forma parte de la Colección de Literatura Indígena.
Se compone de siete relatos en español y en purépecha: “Japinkuajirinantani” (“En busca de la riqueza”) de Elizabeth Pérez, de Zipiajo, Coeneo; “Iuritskiritsitsiki” (“Flor de Orquídea”) de Jesús Santiago, de Ichán; “No ampakitijucharip’ichu” (“Nuestro amigo el diablo”) de Pedro Mariano; “K’eriMitikua” (“Saber supremo”) de autor desconocido; “Niuakarikanumpek’uanatsini” (“Irás y no regresarás”), escrito por Raúl Román, de Cherán; “Jiuatsïka tata Tra”, (“Jiuatsï y tata Tránsito”) de Áurea Ortiz y Juan Carlos Cortés, de Santa Fe, y “Nana Rosita Iurhixioanapu” (“Nana Rosita de Tarecuato”), escrito por Alicia Mateo, de Tarecuato. Estos relatos sitúan al lector en un ambiente rural, en un tiempo anterior al nuestro, pero con una perspectiva del presente y, en algunos casos, del futuro. Textos que describen los trabajos realizados por las personas de las comunidades purépechas y cuyos personajes son los abuelos, el diablo, la mirinkua, los niños y las mujeres; todo contado con un lenguaje cotidiano que remite a las pláticas que surgen alrededor de una fogata, o en las reuniones con los amigos.
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN USAHA PETANI JERUK MELALUI PEMBIAYAAN KREDIT USAHA RAKYAT BNI DI DESA PETUNGSEWU KECAMATAN DAU KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Mustafidah Hidayatul , Boedirochminarni Arfida 
Published: March 2022

This study aims to analyze the income of citrus farmers and the effect of land area, production costs and BNI (Kredit Usaha Rakyat) KUR capital on the income of citrus farmers in Petungsewu Village, Dau District, Malang Regency. This type of research is descriptive quantitative using primary data sources and secondary data. Data collection methods are interviews and questionnaires. The population and sample in this study amounted to 21 people with the criteria of citrus farmers using KUR BNI. The independent variables in this study are land area, production costs and capital BNI KUR on the income of citrus farmers. The result of this research is that land area has a positive and significant effect on the income of citrus farmers. Production costs have a positive and significant effect on the income of citrus farmers. Capital (KUR BNI) has a positive and insignificant effect on the income of citrus farmers.
Peranan Organisasi Tiong Hoa Hwee Koan (THHK) dalam Bidang Pendidikan di Batavia Tahun 1900-1908
Authors: Andi Andi , Darmayanti Selvia 
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peranan organisasi Tiong Hoa Hwee Koan (THHK) dalam bidang pendidikan di Batavia tahun 1900-1908. Melalui pemahaman mengenai organisasi Tiong Hoa Hwee Koandalam pendidikan, diharapkan dapat menambah wawasan mengenai organisasi Tionghoa yang mempunyai peranan penting dalam perkembangan pendidikan. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode historis. Adapun yang pertama dilakukan adalah mengumpulkan berbagai sumber dan bukti tertulis sejarah yang terkait mengenai organisasi Tiong Hoa Hwee Koan melalui arsip-arsip, buku-buku serta artikel yang terkait dengan organisasi tersebut.Kemudian melakukan kritik sumber untuk menguji keaslian dari data-data yang diperoleh, lalu penafsiran data-data yang sudah terkumpul agar dapat ditulis menjadi suatu karya ilmiah secara sistematis dan dapat dipertanggungjawabkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa adanya perubahan-perubahan yang terjadi setelah organisasi ini berdiri dalam bidang sosial maupun pendidikan. Organisasi Tiong Hoa Hwee Koan mengubah tata cara adat istiadat dan bahasa yang melekat pada masyarakat Tionghoa peranakan. Organisasi ini juga membuat lembaga pendidikan formal untuk anak-anak keturunan Tionghoa yang di beri nama Pa Hoa. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh berdasarkan proses interprestasi sumber ialah adanya peranan organisasi Tiong Hoa Hwee Koan terhadap pendidikan di Batavia.