bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of Ferroptosis-Related Genes Signature Predicting the Efficiency of Invasion and Metastasis Ability in Colon Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Shi Chunlei , Xie Yongjie , Li Xueyang , Li Guangming , Liu Weishuai , Pei Wenju , Liu Jing , Yu Xiaozhou , Liu Tong 
Published: January 2022

Background: Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide and has become a leading cause of cancer death. Although many potential biomarkers of COAD have been screened with the bioinformatics method, it is necessary to explore novel markers for the diagnosis and appropriate individual treatments for COAD patients due to the high heterogeneity of this disease. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-mediated tumor metastasis suggests poor prognosis of cancers. Ferroptosis is involved in tumor development. EMT signaling can increase the cellular sensitivity to ferroptosis in tumors. The aim of our study is finding novel prognostic biomarkers to determine COAD patients for predicting efficiency of metastasis status and targeting precise ferroptosis-related therapy.Methods: A novel gene signature related to metastasis and ferroptosis was identified combing with risk model and WGCNA analysis with R software. The biological functions and predictive ability of the signature in COAD were explored through bioinformatics analysis.Results: We established a four-gene prognostic signature (MMP7, YAP1, PCOLCE, and HOXC11) based on EMT and ferroptosis related genes and validated the reliability and effectiveness of this model in COAD. This four-gene prognostic signature was closely connected with metastasis and ferroptosis sensitivity of COAD. Moreover, WGCNA analysis further confirmed the correlation between PCOLCE, HOXC11, and liver and lymphatic invasion of COAD.Conclusion: The four genes may become potential prognostic biomarkers to identify COAD patients with metastasis. Moreover, this four-gene signature may be able to determine the COAD suitable with ferroptosis induction therapy. Finally, PCOLCE2 and HOXC11 were selected individually because of their novelties and precise prediction ability. Overall, this signature provided novel possibilities for better prognostic evaluation of COAD patients and may be of great guiding significance for individualized treatment and clinical decision.
Remifentanil Promotes PDIA3 Expression by Activating p38MAPK to Inhibit Intestinal Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Oxidative and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
Authors: Shen Jiantong , Zhan Yaqing , He Qiulan , Deng Qiwen , Li Kunhe , Wen Shihong , Huang Wenqi 
Published: January 2022

Background: Remifentanil protects against intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury; however, its exact mechanism remains to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the underlying molecular mechanism of remifentanil in intestinal I/R injury in mice.Methods: We evaluated the intestine-protective effect of remifentanil in adult male mice with 45 min superior mesenteric artery occlusion followed by 4 h reperfusion by determining the following: intestinal Chiu’s scores, diamine oxidase, and intestinal fatty acid binding protein in serum; the apoptotic index, lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the intestinal mucosa; and the intestinal mRNA and protein expressions of Bip, CHOP, caspase-12, and cleaved caspase-3, reflecting endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Furthermore, conditional knockout mice, in which the protein disulfide isomerase A3 (PDIA3) gene was deleted from the intestinal epithelium, and SB203580 (a selective p38MAPK inhibitor) were used to determine the role of PDIA3 and p38MAPK in I/R progression and intestinal protection by remifentanil.Results: Our data showed that intestinal I/R induced obvious oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress–related cell apoptosis, as evidenced by an increase in the intestinal mucosal malondialdehyde, a decrease in the intestinal mucosal SOD, and an increase in the apoptotic index and the mRNA and protein expression of Bip, CHOP, caspase-12, and cleaved caspase-3. Remifentanil significantly improved these changes. Moreover, the deletion of intestinal epithelium PDIA3 blocked the protective effects of remifentanil. SB203580 also abolished the intestinal protection of remifentanil and downregulated the mRNA and protein expression of PDIA3.Conclusion: Remifentanil appears to act via p38MAPK to protect the small intestine from intestinal I/R injury by its PDIA3-mediated antioxidant and anti-ER stress properties.
The Effect of Ticagrelor on Endothelial Function Compared to Prasugrel, Clopidogrel, and Placebo: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Guan Baoyi , Zhao Lin , Ma Dan , Fan Yixuan , Zhang He , Wang Anlu , Xu Hao 
Published: January 2022

Background/ObjectiveEndothelial dysfunction is associated with the long-term outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Recent evidence suggests that ticagrelor, a potent antiplatelet agent, improves endothelial function. However, several studies demonstrated contrasting results. The objective of this meta-analysis was to determine the efficacy of ticagrelor treatment on endothelial function.Materials and MethodsA systematic literature study was conducted on databases including PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library. A historical search was performed for a reference list of the selected studies as of August 2021. The randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were assessed using the Cochrane tool. The weighted mean difference (WMD) 95% CI was treated as the overall effect size, and data were pooled using the fixed-effect model or random-effect model according to the heterogeneity. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed to measure the effects of potential confounders.ResultsA total of 21 studies were included. The meta-analysis indicated that ticagrelor resulted in a significant increase of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) (WMD: 1.48; 95% CI: 0.36, 2.60), reactive hyperemia index (RHI) (WMD: 0.06; 95% CI: 0.00, 0.13), and circulating progenitor endothelial cells (CEPCs) (WMD: 13.84; 95% CI: 5.70, 21.98), and a reduction in the index of microvascular resistance (IMR) (WMD: −15.39; 95% CI: −25.11, −5.68).ConclusionTicagrelor has a significant effect on some markers of endothelial function in patients with CAD. However, the results should be interpreted with caution due to the heterogeneity and limited studies.
Effect of Thermoelastic Properties of the Pyrope-Almandine Solid Solutions on the Entrapment Pressure of Garnet-Related Elastic Geobarometer
Authors: Li Bo , Jiang Junjie , Xu Jingui , Tkachev Sergey N. , Ye Zhilin , Huang Shijie , Guo Weihua , Zeng Yongjun , Prakapenka Vitali B. , Fan Dawei , Zhou Wenge 
Published: January 2022

The pyrope (Prp)–almandine (Alm) solid solutions are the most fundamental garnet components on the Earth, and both the quartz inclusions in garnet (QuiG) barometry and the garnet inclusions in diamond barometry need to be constrained by the thermoelastic parameters of Prp-Alm solid solution garnets. Here, we report the thermoelastic properties of a series of synthetic Prp-Alm solid solutions based on the high-pressure and high-temperature (HP–HT)in situsynchrotron single-crystal x-ray diffraction (SCXRD) experiments up to ∼20 GPa and 700 K, using diamond anvil cell (DAC). Fitting the SCXRD data by the Birch-Murnaghan equation of state (BM-EoS) and the thermal-pressure EoS, we obtain the thermoelastic parameters of Prp-Alm solid solution garnets, including bulk modulus (K0), its pressure derivative (K′0), and the thermal expansion coefficient (α0). TheK0along the Prp-Alm solid solution changes linearly with Prp content within their uncertainties and can be expressed byK0(GPa) = 181.0(8) – 0.11(1)Xprp(R2= 0.91,Xprpis the Prp mole fraction andK′0fixed at 4). Our result indicates that the compressibility of the Prp-Alm solid solution increases with the increasing Prp content. However, the thermal expansion coefficient of Prp-Alm solid solution at ambient pressure shows a non-linear trend with Prp content and can be expressed byα0(10−5K−1) = 2.7 (1) + 3.0 (5)XPrp−3.2 (4)X2Prp(R2= 0.985). It shows that the Prp-Alm solid solution with intermediate composition has a larger thermal expansion coefficient than those close to the endmembers at ambient conditions. Furthermore, we also evaluated the influence of thermoelastic properties of the Prp-Alm solid solution on the entrapment pressure (Pe) estimation for two types of elastic geobarometers. Our results indicate that the garnet component may significantly influence entrapment pressure, and among the thermoelastic parameters of garnet, the thermal expansion coefficient has the main effect on the estimation ofPe.
The Efficacy of Alendronate Versus Denosumab on Major Osteoporotic Fracture Risk in Elderly Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: A Danish Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Viggers Rikke , Al-Mashhadi Zheer , Starup-Linde Jakob , Vestergaard Peter 
Published: January 2022

ObjectivePatients with diabetes mellitus have an increased risk of fractures; however, the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. We aimed to investigate whether the risk of major osteoporotic fractures in diabetes patients differs between subjects initiated with alendronate and denosumab, respectively.Methods and Research DesignWe conducted a retrospective nationwide cohort study through access to all discharge diagnoses (ICD-10 system) from the National Danish Patient Registry along with all redeemed drug prescriptions (ATC classification system) from the Health Service Prescription Registry. We identified all subjects with a diabetes diagnosis between 2000 and 2018 and collected data on the first new prescription of anti-osteoporotic treatment between 2011 and 2018. Exposure was defined as either alendronate or denosumab treatment initiated after diabetes diagnosis. Outcome information was collected by identification of all major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) diagnoses, i.e., hip, spine, forearm, and humerus, from exposure until 2018 or censoring by emigration or death. The risk of fracture was calculated as hazard ratios (HR) using multiply adjusted Cox proportional models with death as a competing risk.ResultsWe included 8,745 subjects initiated with either alendronate (n = 8,255) or denosumab (n = 490). The cohort consisted of subjects with a mean age of 73.62 (SD ± 9.27) years, primarily females (69%) and suffering mainly from type 2 diabetes (98.22%) with a median diabetes duration at baseline of 5.45 years (IQR 2.41–9.19). Those in the denosumab group were older (mean 75.60 [SD ± 9.72] versus 73.51 [SD ± 9.23] years), had a higher proportion of women (81% versus 68%, RR 1.18 [95% CI 1.13–1.24], and were more comorbid (mean CCI 2.68 [95% CI 2.47–2.88] versus 1.98 [95% CI 1.93–2.02]) compared to alendronate initiators. In addition, denosumab users had a higher prevalence of previous fractures (64% versus 46%, RR 1.38 [95% CI 1.28–1.48]). The adjusted HR for any MOF after treatment initiation with denosumab was 0.89 (95% CI 0.78–1.02) compared to initiation with alendronate.ConclusionThe risk of incident MOF among subjects with diabetes was similar between those initially treated with alendronate and denosumab. These findings indicate that the two treatment strategies are equally effective in preventing osteoporotic fractures in subjects with diabetes.
BGN May be a Potential Prognostic Biomarker and Associated With Immune Cell Enrichment of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Zhang Shiyu , Yang Huiying , Xiang Xuelian , Liu Li , Huang Huali , Tang Guodu 
Published: January 2022

Background: Biglycan (BGN) plays a role in the occurrence and progression of several malignant tumors, though its role in gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate BGN expression, its role in GC prognosis, and immune infiltration.Material and Methods: Gene expression data and corresponding clinical information were downloaded from TCGA and GTEx, respectively. We compared the expression of BGN in GC and normal tissues and verified the differential expression via Real-Time PCR and immunohistochemistry. BGN-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Additionally, the relationships between BGN gene expression and clinicopathological variables and survival in patients with GC were also investigated through univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Finally, we established a predictive model that could well predict the probability of 1-, 3-, and 5-years survival in GC.Results: We found a significantly higher expression of BGN in GC than that in normal tissues (p &lt; 0.001), which was verified by Real-Time PCR (p &lt; 0.01) and immunohistochemistry (p &lt; 0.001). The 492 identified DEGs were primarily enriched in pathways related to tumor genesis and metastasis, including extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction, focal adhesion pathway, Wnt signaling, and signaling by VEGF. BGN expression was positively correlated with the enrichment of the NK cells (r = 0.620, p &lt; 0.001) and macrophages (r = 0.550, p &lt; 0.001), but negatively correlated with the enrichment of Th17 cells (r = 0.250, p &lt; 0.001). BGN expression was also significantly correlated with histologic grade (GI&amp;G2 vs. G3, p &lt; 0.001), histologic type (Diffuse type vs. Tubular type, p &lt; 0.001), histologic stage (stage I vs. stage II and stage I vs. stage III, p &lt; 0.001), T stage (T1 vs. T2, T1 vs. T3, and T1 vs. T4, p &lt; 0.001) and Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection (yes vs. no, p &lt; 0.05) in GC. High BGN expression showed significant association with poor overall survival (OS) in GC patients (HR = 1.53 (1.09–2.14), p = 0.013). The constructed nomogram can well predict the 1-, 3-, and 5-years overall survival probability of GC patients (C-index = 0.728).Conclusion: BGN plays an important role in the occurrence and progression of GC and is a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of GC.
Oxysterols Protect Epithelial Cells Against Pore-Forming Toxins
Authors: Ormsby Thomas J. R. , Owens Sian E. , Clement Liam , Mills Tom J. , Cronin James G. , Bromfield John J. , Sheldon Iain Martin 
Published: January 2022

Many species of bacteria produce toxins such as cholesterol-dependent cytolysins that form pores in cell membranes. Membrane pores facilitate infection by releasing nutrients, delivering virulence factors, and causing lytic cell damage - cytolysis. Oxysterols are oxidized forms of cholesterol that regulate cellular cholesterol and alter immune responses to bacteria. Whether oxysterols also influence the protection of cells against pore-forming toxins is unresolved. Here we tested the hypothesis that oxysterols stimulate the intrinsic protection of epithelial cells against damage caused by cholesterol-dependent cytolysins. We treated epithelial cells with oxysterols and then challenged them with the cholesterol-dependent cytolysin, pyolysin. Treating HeLa cells with 27-hydroxycholesterol, 25-hydroxycholesterol, 7α-hydroxycholesterol, or 7β-hydroxycholesterol reduced pyolysin-induced leakage of lactate dehydrogenase and reduced pyolysin-induced cytolysis. Specifically, treatment with 10 ng/ml 27-hydroxycholesterol for 24 h reduced pyolysin-induced lactate dehydrogenase leakage by 88%, and reduced cytolysis from 74% to 1%. Treating HeLa cells with 27-hydroxycholesterol also reduced pyolysin-induced leakage of potassium ions, prevented mitogen-activated protein kinase cell stress responses, and limited alterations in the cytoskeleton. Furthermore, 27-hydroxycholesterol reduced pyolysin-induced damage in lung and liver epithelial cells, and protected against the cytolysins streptolysin O and Staphylococcus aureus α-hemolysin. Although oxysterols regulate cellular cholesterol by activating liver X receptors, cytoprotection did not depend on liver X receptors or changes in total cellular cholesterol. However, oxysterol cytoprotection was partially dependent on acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) reducing accessible cholesterol in cell membranes. Collectively, these findings imply that oxysterols stimulate the intrinsic protection of epithelial cells against pore-forming toxins and may help protect tissues against pathogenic bacteria.
Effect of Ridge Width on the Lasing Characteristics of Triangular and Rectangular InAs/In0.53Ga0.47As Quantum Well Lasers
Authors: Jiao Zhejing , Gu Yi , Zhang Yonggang , Hu Anduo , Gong Qian , Wang Shumin , Li Tao , Li Xue 
Published: January 2022

The lasing characteristics of InP-based InAs/In0.53Ga0.47As quantum well (QW) lasers with different ridge widths are investigated. Two groups of lasers are grown for comparison, one with active triangular QW regions and the other with rectangular QW regions. Their output powers, characteristic temperatures (T0), external differential quantum efficiencies (ηd) and junction temperatures (Tj) are analyzed and compared. The parameter of ridge width is found to play an important role in the performance of the lasers. In triangular QW lasers, by broadening the ridge width from 8 to 12 μm, output power and ηd of the lasers are decreased for the temperature range of 100–320 K due to heating effect. But by broadening the ridge width from 8 to 100 μm in rectangular QW lasers, output power has about 3.5 time increase at 100 K and ηd also has a little increase for temperatures from 100 to 180 K due to much larger emission area and much faster heat dissipation. Tj, the real temperature of the active region, is also found to have accelerated increase at high injection current and heat sink temperature. Besides, compared to the rectangular QW laser of the same ridge width, the improved thermal performance of triangular QW laser is also demonstrated.
Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Imaging on Sacroiliitis in Patients With Axial Spondyloarthritis: Correlation With Perfusion Characteristics Based on Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Guo Chang , Zheng Kai , Ye Qiang , Lu Zixiao , Xie Zhuoyao , Li Xin , Zhao Yinghua 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundTo prospectively explore the relationship between intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) parameters of sacroiliitis in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA).MethodsPatients with initially diagnosed axSpA prospectively underwent on 3.0 T MRI of sacroiliac joint (SIJ). The IVIM parameters (D, f, D*) were calculated using biexponential analysis. Ktrans, Kep, Ve, and Vp from DCE-MRI were obtained in SIJ. The uni-variable and multi-variable linear regression analyses were used to evaluate the correlation between the parameters from these two imaging methods after controlling confounders, such as bone marrow edema (BME), age, agenda, scopes, and localization of lesions, and course of the disease. Then, their correlations were measured by calculating the Pearson's correlation coefficient (r).ResultsThe study eventually enrolled 234 patients (178 men, 56 women; mean age, 28.51 ± 9.50 years) with axSpA. With controlling confounders, D was independently related to Ktrans (regression coefficient [b] = 27.593, p &lt; 0.001), Kep (b = −6.707, p = 0.021), and Ve (b = 131.074, p = 0.003), whereas f and D* had no independent correlation with the parameters from DCE MRI. The correlations above were exhibited with Pearson's correlation coefficients (r) (r = 0.662, −0.408, and 0.396, respectively, all p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionThere were independent correlations between D derived from IVIM DWI and Ktrans, Kep, and Ve derived from DCE-MRI. The factors which affect their correlations mainly included BME, gender, and scopes of lesions.
Ethnic Disparities in Hepatitis B Virus Infection Among 1 Million Reproductive-Age Couples Preparing for Pregnancy in the Rural Yunnan, China: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Jing Wenzhan , Yuan Yanling , Liu Min , Ye Hanfeng , Kong Cai , Liu Jue , Wu Yu 
Published: January 2022

IntroductionHepatitis B is a potentially life-threatening liver infection caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) and China has the largest disease burden. We aim to understand the ethnic disparities in HBV infection among the married reproductive-age couples planning for pregnancy in Yunnan, a multiethnic province in Southwest China, to increase the health equities within the hepatitis response in China.MethodsA population-based cross-sectional study was performed. Couples aged 20–49 years in rural Yunnan were enrolled through the National Free Preconception Health Examination Project from Jan 2014 to Dec 2019. HBsAg-positive couples were defined as couples in which one or both were HBsAg-positive, and HBsAg- and HBeAg-positive couples were defined as couples in which one or both were HBsAg- and HBeAg-positive. The HBV prevalence of positive couples was estimated by ethnicity. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association between ethnicity and HBsAg status.ResultsOverall, 63,513 of 1,060,643 couples (5.99%, 95% CI, 5.94%−6.03%) were HBsAg-positive, and 15,898 of 63,513 HBsAg-positive couples (25.03%, 95% CI 24.69%−25.37%) were HBsAg- and HBeAg-positive couples in rural Yunnan. The highest prevalence of HBsAg-positive couples was in the Miao and Miao ethnicity (12.04%) and Zhuang and Zhuang ethnicity (9.76%), and the risk of HBV infection of wives/husbands in these ethnic groups was significantly higher than that in the Han and Han ethnicity. Additionally, the HBsAg prevalence in wives/husbands has increased with the positive status of HBsAg and HBeAg of their spouses.ConclusionThe HBV prevalence in reproductive-age couples was intermediate (6% of 1 million couples) in rural Yunnan, China, with the highest in the Miao and Zhuang ethnicities. There are still large ethnic disparities in HBV infection in China. Therefore, China should make great efforts, especially giving priority to ethnic minorities and taking positive couples as an important unit of care, to equitably eliminate the HBV intrafamilial transmission.