bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Removal of hydrogen sulfide in biogas from wastewater treatment sludge by real-scale biotrickling filtration desulfurization process
Authors: Arıman Sema , Koyuncu Serdar 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The biological removal of hydrogen sulfide in biogas is an increasingly adopted alternative to conventional physicochemical processes because of its economic and environmental benefits. In this study, a real-scale biotrickling filtration (BTF) process packed with polypropylene carrier was used to investigate the removal of high concentrations of H2S in biogas from an anaerobic digester. The results show that H2S in biogas was entirely removed under different inlet concentrations of H2S from 2,923 to 4,400 ppmv, and the elimination capacity of H2S in the filter achieved about 52.71 g H2S/m3/h). In addition, the process efficiency was found to be independent of the inlet H2S concentration. The removal of high concentrations of H2S in biogas was accomplished by the BTF process with SOB (Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans), which is active in the acidic environment (pH 1.5–3.5). In addition, the process efficiency was found to be independent of the inlet H2S concentration. Consequently, a real-scale BTF process allowed the potential use of biogas and the recovery of elemental sulfur resources simultaneously.
Remotely Conducted App-Based Intervention for Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes Risk Awareness and Prevention: Single-Group Feasibility Trial
Authors: Buss Vera Helen , Varnfield Marlien , Harris Mark , Barr Margo 
Published: July 2022

Background
Cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus are two of the most prevalent chronic conditions worldwide. An unhealthy lifestyle greatly contributes to someone’s risk of developing these conditions. Mobile health is an emerging technology that can help deliver health promotion interventions to the population, for example, in the form of health apps.

Objective
The aim of this study was to test the feasibility of an app-based intervention for cardiovascular and diabetes risk awareness and prevention by measuring nonusage, dropout, adherence to app use, and usability of the app over 3 months.

Methods
Participants were eligible if they were aged 45 years or older, resided in Australia, were free of cardiovascular disease and diabetes, were fluent in English, and owned a smartphone. In the beginning, participants received an email with instructions on how to install the app and a user guide. After 3 months, they received an email with an invitation to an end-of-study survey. The survey included questions about general smartphone use and the user version of the Mobile Application Rating Scale. We analyzed app-generated and survey data by using descriptive and inferential statistics as well as thematic analysis for open-text comments.

Results
Recruitment took place between September and October 2021. Of the 46 participants who consented to the study, 20 (44%) never used the app and 15 (33%) dropped out. The median age of the app users at baseline was 62 (IQR 56-67) years. Adherence to app use, that is, using the app at least once a week over 3 months, was 17% (8/46) of the total sample and 31% (8/26) of all app users. The mean app quality rating on the user version of the Mobile Application Rating Scale was 3.5 (SD 0.6) of 5 points. The app scored the highest for the information section and the lowest for the engagement section of the scale.

Conclusions
Nonusage and dropouts were too high, and the adherence was too low to consider the intervention in its current form feasible. Potential barriers that we identified include the research team not actively engaging with participants early in the study to verify that all participants could install the app, the intervention did not involve direct contact with health care professionals, and the app did not have enough interactive features.
The Cost of Control: Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Hybrid Closed-Loop Therapy in Youth
Authors: Pease Anthony , Callander Emily , Zomer Ella , Abraham Mary B. , Davis Elizabeth A. , Jones Timothy W. , Liew Danny , Zoungas Sophia 
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE
Hybrid closed-loop (HCL) therapy is an efficacious management strategy for young people with type 1 diabetes. However, high costs prevent equitable access. We thus sought to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of HCL therapy compared with current care among young people with type 1 diabetes in Australia.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A patient-level Markov model was constructed to simulate disease progression for young people with type 1 diabetes using HCL therapy versus current care, with follow-up from 12 until 25 years of age. Downstream health and economic consequences were compared via decision analysis. Treatment effects and proportions using different technologies to define “current care” were based primarily on data from an Australian pediatric randomized controlled trial. Transition probabilities and utilities for health states were sourced from published studies. Costs were considered from the Australian health care system’s perspective. An annual discount rate of 5% was applied to future costs and outcomes. Uncertainty was evaluated with probabilistic and deterministic sensitivity analyses.

RESULTS
Use of HCL therapy resulted in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of Australian dollars (AUD) $32,789 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained. The majority of simulations (93.3%) were below the commonly accepted willingness-to-pay threshold of AUD $50,000 per QALY gained in Australia. Sensitivity analyses indicated that the base-case results were robust.

CONCLUSIONS
In this first cost-effectiveness analysis of HCL technologies for the management of young people with type 1 diabetes, HCL therapy was found to be cost-effective compared with current care in Australia.
HRCT Evaluation of Post Vaccinated RT-PCR Positive COVID-19 Patients at A Dedicated COVID-19 Hospital
Authors: Rahman Md. Tanzilur , Islam Md. Iftadul , Nahar Nishat Un , Ibrahim Md. , Zubery Husnaion , Shirin Mahbuba 
Published: July 2022

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Large-scale vaccination of risk groups and later the general population is the single most effective public health measure for mitigation of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods and Materials: This prospective cross sectional study was carried out at Dhaka North City Corporation dedicated COVID-19 hospital, Mohakhali, Dhaka, enrolling 50 (fifty) vaccinated RT-PCR positive COVID-19 patients.
Results: Majority of the patients were >50 years old. Most of the patients had bilateral lung involvement and ground glass was the predominant CT pattern. 20% patients had consolidation in HRCT scan. Most of the patients (46%) had mild disease and only 18% patients had severe disease. Severe cases were more common (77.8%) in older (>50years) patients. 20% of the patients had 50-75% and only 6 % patients had more than 75% of total lung involvement. 52% patients had less than 25% lung involvement. Lung involvement was significantly higher in older patients. Patients had to stay an average of 6.2 days in hospital. Older patients had to stay more days in the hospital than younger patients. 2% (1) of COVID-19 patients died after admitting into our hospital.
Conclusion: Vaccination can effectively reduce mortality and morbidity of COVID-19 patients by reducing the active number of cases as well as severity of the disease.
Healthy nonobese bitches maintain acceptable spontaneous ventilation during laparoscopic ovariectomies
Authors: Merlin Tristan , Cinti Filippo , Charlesworth Tim M. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To determine whether end-tidal CO2 (Petco2), tidal volume (Vt), inspiratory minute volume (i), and respiratory rate (RR) remain within reference limits for spontaneously breathing dogs undergoing laparoscopic ovariectomy; characterize changes in these variables over time; and record the proportion of dogs requiring mechanical ventilation on the basis of predetermined criteria.

ANIMALS
22 client-owned dogs.

PROCEDURES
Between January and June 2019, dogs were anesthetized for abdominal insufflation (CO2; 10 mm Hg) and laparoscopic ovariectomy. Respiratory variables (Petco2, Vt, i, and RR) were recorded at 5 time points: preinsufflation (T2), immediately after insufflation (T3), immediately after first ovary extraction (T4), immediately after second ovary extraction (T5), and after abdominal deflation (T6). Results for variables were assessed to identify differences with reference limits and between time points.

RESULTS
At all time points (T2 to T6), Petco2 was within or above the reference limit, Vt was below or within reference limits, and i was either within or above reference limits. Significant temporal changes were detected in all recorded parameters. One dog had to be ventilated prior to abdominal insufflation due to inappropriately low Vt (< 6 mL/kg) and was excluded from further analysis. One of the 21 remaining dogs required rescue ventilation.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Following insufflation, there was a tendency toward inadequate ventilation over time characterized by increased Petco2. Twenty of 21 dogs maintained Petco2 within tolerance via a mild increase in RR and did not require assisted ventilation. Dogs undergoing short surgeries may not require assisted ventilation. Clinicians are advised to monitor for hypercapnia and be prepared to assist ventilation if required.
Executive summary of the Merck Animal Health Veterinarian Wellbeing Study III and Veterinary Support Staff Study
Authors: Volk John O. , Schimmack Ulrich , Strand Elizabeth B. , Reinhard Addie , Vasconcelos Judson , Hahn Joseph , Stiefelmeyer Kate , Probyn-Smith Kevin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
Merck Animal Health Veterinarian Wellbeing Study III was conducted to continue to monitor mental health and well being within the veterinary profession in the US and to identify factors associated with high levels of wellbeing and lack of serious psychological distress.

METHODS
A questionnaire consisting of several instruments and questions for measurement of mental health and wellbeing was completed by 2,495 veterinarians and 448 veterinary support staff. Results for veterinarians were weighted to the US AVMA membership.

RESULTS
This study revealed that wellbeing and mental health of some veterinarians declined over the past 2 years, driven in part by the COVID-19 pandemic and extreme labor shortages. Burnout remained at a high level, but there was no increase in suicide ideation. A new companion survey of veterinary support staff demonstrated that staff scored lower in wellbeing and mental health, and higher in burnout than veterinarians.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Importantly, these studies identified techniques that both individuals and employers may find useful in fostering wellbeing and good mental health. A healthy method for coping with stress and good work-life balance was important, as was engaging a financial adviser for those with student debt or other financial stresses. Employers should create safe environments where employees feel comfortable seeking help, reducing the stigma associated with mental health issues. In addition, employers can provide Employee Assistance Programs and health insurance that covers mental health treatment. Fostering a healthy work culture was also important, one with good communication, teamwork, trust, and adequate time allotted to provide quality patient care.
Diet Supplementation Helps Honey Bee Colonies in Combat Infections by Enhancing their Hygienic Behaviour
Authors: Stanimirović Zoran , Glavinić Uroš , Ristanić Marko , Jelisić Stefan , Vejnović Branislav , Niketić Mia , Stevanović Jevrosima 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The hygienic behavior in honey bees is a complex polygenic trait that serves as a natural defense mechanism against bacterial and fungal brood diseases and Varroa destructor mites infesting brood cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a dietary amino acids and vitamins supplement “BEEWELL AminoPlus” on hygienic behavior of Apis mellifera colonies combating microsporidial and viral infections. The experiment was performed during a one-year period on 40 colonies alloted to five groups: one supplemented and infected with Nosema ceranae and four viruses (Deformed wing virus - DWV, Acute bee paralysis virus - ABPV, Chronic bee paralysis virus - CBPV and Sacbrood virus – SBV), three not supplemented, but infected with N. ceranae and/ or viruses, and one negative control group. Beside the l isted pathogens, honey bee trypanosomatids were also monitored in all groups.
The supplement “BEEWELL AminoPlus” induced a significant and consistent increase of the hygienic behavior in spite of the negative effects of N. ceranae and viral infections. N. ceranae and viruses significantly and consistently decreased hygienic behavior, but also threatened the survival of bee colonies. The tested supplement showed anti-Nosema effect, since the N. ceranae infection level significantly and consistently declined only in the supplemented group. Among infected groups, only the supplemented one remained Lotmaria passim-free throughout the study. In conclusion, diet supplementation enhances hygienic behavior of honey bee colonies and helps them fight the most common infections of honey bees.
Pilot Study of Invasive Mosquito Species Control in Selected Slovenian Municipalities
Authors: Kalan Katja , Šušnjar Jana , Jugovic Jure , Ivović Vladimir 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
To reduce the population of the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894) (Diptera: Culicidae), a mosquito control campaign was organized by five Slovenian municipalities in 2020. The campaign focused on the application of Aquatain AMFTM in public water containers. The main objective of our study was to test the efficacy of the agent by directly testing the water drains for mosquito larvae and monitoring the density of the mosquito population. The drains were inspected before and after the application of the product from May to September. A water sample was taken from the drains using a dipper. For mosquito monitoring, the number of mosquito eggs and adult mosquitoes was counted from June to October.
Up to two weeks after the application of the product, we observed the lethal effect of Aquatain on mosquito larvae, pupae and adult mosquitoes. After rainfall, the product was washed away and the live mosquitoes were sampled in the inspected water drains. The average number of eggs collected per site was twice as high in the area without mosquito control as in the threated locations. Nevertheless, we assessed the mosquito control campaign as partially successful, as mosquito abundance was still high in the locations with mosquito control. However, we believe that this is a good starting point and that mosquito control should be continued in the future together with the citizen education campaign.
Experimental and Numerical Small Punch Tests of the 14Cr ODS Ferritic Steel
Authors: Nowik Krzysztof , Oksiuta Zbigniew 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Nowadays, various small specimen test techniques have gained wide popularity and appreciation among researchers as they offer undoubtful benefits in terms of structural material characterisation. This paper focuses on small punch tests (SPTs) performed on small-sized disc specimens to assess the mechanical properties of 14Cr oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) steel. A numerical model was established to support experimental data and gain deeper insight into complex strain states developing in a deformed specimen. Modern evaluation procedures were discussed for obtaining mechanical properties from the small punch force-deflection response and were compared with the literature. Applicability and universality of those relations at different test conditions were also studied. It appeared that different ball diameters used had negligible influence on yield point but strongly affected ultimate strength estimation. It was found that friction belongs to decisive factors determining strain distribution in samples, as dry conditions increase the peak strain and move its location farther from the punch pole.
Simulation Evaluation of the Influence of Selected Geometric Parameters on the Operation of the Pneumatic Braking System of a Trailer with a Differential Valve
Authors: Szpica Dariusz , Kisiel Marcin , Czaban Jarosław 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This article presents simulation models of trailer air brake systems in configurations without a valve and with a differential valve, thus demonstrating the rationale for using a valve to improve system performance. Simplified mathematical models using the lumped method for systems without and with a differential valve are presented. The proposed valve can have two states of operation depending on the configuration of relevant parameters. These parameters can include the length of the control pipe, the throughput between chambers in the control part of the valve and the forcing rise time. Based on the calculations, it was found that the differential valve with large control pipe lengths can reduce the response time of the actuator by 42.77% relative to the system without the valve. In the case of transition of the valve to the tracking action, this time increases only by 9.93%. A force rise time of 0.5 s causes the transition of the valve from the accelerating action to the tracking action, with 9.23% delay relative to the system without a valve. The calculations can be used in the preliminary assessment of the speed of operation of pneumatic braking systems and in the formulation of guidelines for the construction of a prototypical differential valve. In conclusion, it is suggested to use a mechatronic system enabling smooth adjustment of the flow rate between chambers of the control system of the differential valve.
The Effect of Population Pseudo-Rejuvenation in Adverse Changes in Living Conditions: A Case Study on the Highland Plant Species in the Ukrainian Carpathians
Authors: Kyyak Volodymyr , Kyyak Natalia , Bilonoha Volodymyr , Shtupun Vitali 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
“Rejuvenation of population” is commonly considered as an increase in the proportion of young individuals in the population. In our opinion, the term “rejuvenation” has to be used in case of an increasing percentage of young individuals providing maintenance or increase of the entire population size. In return, an increasing percentage of young individuals while reducing the number of the entire population should be considered as “pseudo-rejuvenation.” A key feature of rejuvenation is the positive dynamics of the population. Instead, pseudo-rejuvenation is an indicator of negative exogenous or endogenous changes and is evidence of population degradation under adverse environment conditions. The article presents the most common examples of the processes of rejuvenation of populations in different plant species under the influence of anthropogenic and natural factors in the plant communities of the Ukrainian Carpathians. The main causes of rejuvenation and pseudo-rejuvenation of populations of the target plant species have been identified. Studies of population structure changes in situ were performed using both long-term monitoring transects laid 5–40 years ago and in new sites. Transects are located in the alpine, subalpine, and upper forest zones of the Ukrainian Carpathians in the height range of 1200–2000 m a.s.l. The study areas cover the most common alpine and chionophilic communities, some forest and subalpine phytocenoses.
Parasocial relationships and YouTube addiction: The role of viewer and YouTuber video characteristics
Authors: de Bérail Pierre , Bungener Catherine 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
YouTube is a popular social media platform that fosters the development of social bonds between viewers and YouTubers called parasocial relationships (PSR). These relationships might be associated with both viewer characteristics, such as social anxiety, and YouTuber video characteristics, such as self-disclosure. Additionally, PSR might be associated with the level of addiction to the platform. Data from 370 college students were extracted from a previous study and 360 videos of 72 YouTubers were coded to (a) explore the different dimensions of PSR and (b) examine a mediation model of YouTube addiction. The results support the existence of three PSR dimensions. The results also showed that PSR dimensions were associated with both viewers’ social anxiety and YouTubers’ evaluative self-disclosure. One PSR dimension was positively associated with YouTube addiction. This study encourages the development of qualitative studies to more precisely identify the different facets of PSR with social media figures.
Portal hypertension may influence the registration of hypointensity of small hepatocellular carcinoma in the hepatobiliary phase in gadoxetic acid MR
Authors: Caparroz Carla , Forner Alejandro , Rimola Jordi , Darnell Anna , García-Criado Ángeles , Ayuso Juan Ramón , Reig María , Bruix Jordi , Ayuso Carmen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
The aim of the study was to analyze the association between the liver uptake of Gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA) in the hepatobiliary phase (HBP) in cirrhotic patients and the presence of clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH), and how these features impact on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) detection in the HBP.

Patients and methods
Post-hoc analysis of a prospective cohort of 62 cirrhotic patients with newly US-detected nodule between 1–2 cm (study group). Twenty healthy subjects were used as control group. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the liver contrast uptake in the HBP assessed by Relative Liver-Enhancement (RLE), Liver-Spleen (LSCR), Liver-Muscle (LMCR), and Liver-Kidney Contrast-Ratio (LKCR), Contrast Enhancement Index (CEI), and Hepatic Uptake (HUI), and biliary excretion, were registered. CSPH was confirmed invasively (HVPG > 10 mmHg) or by indirect parameters. The appearance of HCC at the HBP was analyzed.

Results
Nineteen patients (30.6%) did not have CSPH. In 41 patients (66.1%) the final diagnosis was HCC. All indices were significantly higher in the control group, indicating a more intense HBP liver signal intensity compared to patients with cirrhosis, even if the comparison was restricted to patients with no CSPH. CSPH was associated to a lower rate of HCC hypointensity in the HBP (51.9% vs. 85.7% without CSPH, p = 0.004).

Conclusions
Liver uptake of Gd-EOB-DTPA at the HBP is decreased in cirrhosis even if the liver function is minimally impaired and it falls down significantly in patients with CSPH compromising the recognition of hypointense lesions. This fact may represent a limitation for the detection of small HCC in patients with cirrhosis and CSPH.
Comunicação, Desenvolvimento e Sustentabilidade
Authors: Ferreira Caroline 
Published: July 2022

Refletindo sobre a temática do desenvolvimento e da sustentabilidade, os onze capítulos da obra “Comunicação Desenvolvimento e Sustentabilidade” tratam de como as organizações públicas, privadas, o terceiro setor e a sociedade – variantes sociais e de mercado- são mediatizados no debate. Antônio Herbelê, autor do primeiro artigo, “O papel do Relações Públicas na Comunicação para o Desenvolvimento”, trata das várias mudanças que cercam o o universo das atividades profissionais da comunicação e da gestão de organizações, ampliando o debate acerca do papel e funcionamento dos instrumentos comunicacionais da sociedade, sua atuação e seus efeitos.