bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The value of domiciliary medication reviews – a thematic analysis of pharmacist’s views
Authors: McCormick Patricia , Coleman Bridget , Bates Ian 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Domiciliary medication reviews are thought to enable comprehensive medication reviews centred around the needs of individuals. However, there is no clear consensus on where the value of these services lie.

Aim
To determine the value of domiciliary medication reviews to service providers through semi-structured focus groups, interviews and thematic analysis.

Method
Study participants were recruited from domiciliary medication review services provided in the United Kingdom. Semi-structured focus groups and interviews were analysed using thematic analysis.

Results
Six themes were identified: the scope of domiciliary medication review services, the professional role, advantages over traditional settings, disadvantages of domiciliary medication reviews for the professional, levels of engagement and outcomes.

Conclusion
Pharmacy professionals believe that the domiciliary setting provides advantages over traditional healthcare settings when conducting medication reviews. They believe it enables a more in-depth review of an individual’s medications and needs. The traditional clinical outcomes recorded by services may not be capturing the holistic impact of domiciliary medication reviews.
MRI evaluation of meniscal anatomy: which parameters reach the best inter-observer concordance?
Authors: Grasso Dario , Gnesutta Aroa , Calvi Marco , Duvia Marta , Atria Maria Giovanna , Celentano Angelica , Callegari Leonardo , Genovese Eugenio Annibale 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of the study is to evaluate which MRI parameters achieve the best degree of inter-individual concordance in the description of meniscal fibrocartilage, regarding its morphology, signal and position.

Materials and methods
Eighty-nine knee MRIs were included in the study, retrospectively re-evaluated by three radiologists who completed a binary report (normal/abnormal) describing the meniscus signal, position relative to the tibial plateau margin and morphology. The inter-individual concordance value was calculated using Cohen's test.

Results
We obtained different inter-individual concordance values according to the parameters considered. The concordance was poor in the description of the meniscal position relative to the tibial plateau margin (average k = 0.6); the result was comparable in the description of the meniscal morphology (average k = 0.56). The best results were obtained with the meniscal signal analysis (average k = 0.8).

Conclusion
To the best of our knowledge, there are no studies in the literature assessing the concordance between multiple readers in the description of the parameters we studied. The results we obtained suggest that the most reliable parameter for describing meniscal fibrocartilage is its signal intensity, whereas morphology and position may lead to different interpretations that are not always unequivocal.
The Environmental Responsibility of Firms and Insurance Coverage in an Evolutionary Game
Authors: Colivicchi Ilaria , Iannucci Gianluca 
Published: July 2022

AbstractClimate change can deeply impact a company’s business performance, therefore insurance is an important tool to mediate such a risk, helping firms to remain on the market. Polluting companies want to maximize profits according to different business strategies and that appeal to their risk attitude. Firms are Nash players in an oligopoly market adopting two production technologies, brown or green. Climate change loss is a function of the firms’ emissions and is considered endogenous in the maximization problem of the players. We study firms’ behavior in choosing their more profitable strategy through a random matching evolutionary context. Analysis of the model reveals that the dynamic system admits at most seven stationary states. The paper focuses on the regime in which all the possible strategies coexist, due to its economic relevance. Moreover, the results of the sensitivity analysis show interesting policies to nudge an ecological transition.
Aspects of yaw control design of an aircraft with distributed electric propulsion
Authors: Vechtel Dennis , Buch Jan-Philipp 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDistributed electric propulsion (DEP) offers new options in aircraft design. Besides the optimization of the wing, another area of optimization is the vertical tail plane (VTP) and yaw control. The large number of engines significantly relaxes the one-engine-inoperative (OEI) case during take-off, which is mostly the sizing case for the VTP. This offers the possibility to reduce the VTP and rudder size to a certain amount. Also, the dynamics of electric motors offer the possibility to use differential thrust for yaw control. This can compensate at least some of the reduced rudder effectiveness coming from the smaller VTP size. In the framework of the German nationally funded project SynergIE, different aircraft designs of a hybrid-electric regional aircraft were investigated. Three aircraft concepts with 2, 6 and 12 propellers were designed in the project, for which reasonable minimum VTP sizes were investigated. For the 12-propeller aircraft, the investigations showed that the VTP could be reduced by 50%, still allowing the compensation of OEI during take-off and the generation of sideslip angle during crosswind operations. This reduction in VTP size results in a reduction of the block fuel by about 4%. For the 12-engine aircraft, a 6-degrees-of-freedom simulation model was developed including flight control laws for yaw control using the rudder and differential thrust. Virtual flight tests were performed in a full-flight simulator. The tests generally showed a good agreement with the theoretical results from the handling quality analysis but also outlined deficiencies in aircraft handling at low speed with full flaps. The use of a flight simulator at this early stage of aircraft design has proven to be a useful tool to investigate such unconventional designs.
Current molecular biomarkers evaluation in gastric/gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: pathologist does matter
Authors: Businello Gianluca , Angerilli Valentina , Lonardi Sara , Bergamo Francesca , Valmasoni Michele , Farinati Fabio , Savarino Edoardo , Spolverato Gaya , Fassan Matteo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe comprehensive molecular characterization of gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinomas has led to the improvement of targeted and more effective treatments. As a result, several biomarkers have been introduced into clinical practice and the implementation of innovative diagnostic tools is under study. Such assessments are mainly based on the evaluation of limited biopsy material in clinical practice. In this setting, the pathologist represents a key player in the selection of patients facilitating precision medicine approaches.
Agia Marina and Peristereònas: Two New Epipalaeolithic Sites on the Island of Lemnos (Greece)
Authors: Efstratiou Nikos , Biagi Paolo , Starnini Elisabetta , Kyriakou Dimitris , Eleftheriadou Anastasia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe surveys carried out along the coasts of the island of Lemnos (Greece) have led to the discovery of new Late Epipalaeolithic sites at Agia Marina and Peristereònas. Peristereònas yielded a knapped stone assemblage that is strictly comparable with that from Ouriakos, a site located along the south-eastern coast of the same island, while the artefacts from Agia Marina are more problematic to interpret because they are probably to be attributed to a slightly different period. However, the most characteristic artefacts recovered from the sites are represented by microlithic geometrics obtained by abrupt, bipolar, or direct retouch, end scrapers, and different types of exhausted cores and technical pieces, which help us reconstruct the operational sequence employed for the manufacture of the armatures. The aim of the paper is to contribute to the interpretation of the characteristics of the Late Epipalaeolithic assemblages discovered on the island and to frame them into the general picture of the end of the Pleistocene in this part of the Aegean. The artefacts from the sites show unique characteristics, without parallels to the knapped stone assemblages of the same period so far recovered along the coasts of the Aegean Sea, the eastern Mediterranean, the Levant, and the Black Sea.
A Density Functional Theory (DFT) Investigation of Sulfur-Based Adsorbate Interactions on Alumina and Calcite Surfaces
Authors: Ou Stanley , Heimann Jessica E. , Bennett Joseph W. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWith fossil-fuel consumption at an all-time high, air pollution is becoming one of the most prominent problems of the 21st century. In addition to their devastating effects on the environment, sulfur-based pollutants are problematic for infrastructure by undermining the structural stability of various oxide-based surfaces found in clays and clay minerals. Calcite (CaCO3) and alumina (α-Al2O3) are two such mineral oxides with surfaces that are potentially susceptible to damage by sulfur-based adsorbates. Their surface interactions with a wide range of sulfur-based pollutants, however, have yet to be studied adequately at the atomistic level. This problem can be addressed by utilizing density functional theory (DFT) to provide molecular-level insights into the adsorption effects of H2S, SO2, SO3, H2SO3, and H2SO4 molecules on calcite and alumina surfaces. DFT can be used to compare different types of adsorption events and their corresponding changes in the geometry and coordination of the adsorbates, as well as delineate any possible mineral-surface reconstructions. The hypothesis driving this comparative study was that the mineral-oxide surface structure will dictate the surface adsorption reactivity, i.e. the flat carbonate unit in calcite will behave differently from the Al–O octahedra in alumina under both vacuum and hydrated surface conditions. The set of sulfur-based adsorbates tested here exhibited a wide range of interactions with alumina and fewer with calcite surfaces. Events such as hydrogen bonding, sulfate formation, atom abstraction, and the formation of surface water groups were more prevalent in alumina than calcite and were found to be dependent on the surface termination. The results of this work will prove instrumental in the design of clay and mineral-based materials resilient to sulfur-based pollutants for use in construction and infrastructure such as smart building coatings and antifouling desalination membranes, as DFT methods can garner the atomistic insights into mineral-surface reactivity necessary to unlock these transformative technologies.
Effect analysis of U-shape exterior walls on energy consumption of building: the case of Morocco
Authors: Srhayri Imane , Hafs Hajar , Bah Abdellah 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe building architecture significantly affects the energy consumption of buildings. In this paper, we study the effect of using U-shape exterior walls on energy consumption. The main target is to evaluate the impact of this parameter on heating and cooling loads for a small building model in Tetouan, Morocco (an administrative building divided into 2 zones, the effective area is 27 m2). In this context, a parametric study was carried out by the TRNSYS software 18, in order to evaluate the efficiency of using this form of exterior walls according to two selected criteria: the orientation of the exterior wall and the depth of the U-shape. More precisely, five values of the U-shape depth were studied for each orientation (South, North, South-east, and South-west), in six climate zones in Morocco presenting different climate conditions. In this sense, 126 simulations were done to have as a result the heating and cooling load for each scenario. The results showed a significant difference in the total load of the building model using different depths of the U-shape exterior walls in different orientations. We found that the U-shape parameter modified in the exterior walls is more efficient in zones characterized by a cold to moderate climate, namely, Ifran, Rabat, and Tangier (the maximum reduction of heating and cooling demand varies from 3.6 to 14% depending on the climate zone). Also, a maximum reduction in the total heating and cooling consumption is noticeable in zones with a hot climate which fluctuates between 1.9 and 3.1%.
Turbulent Rayleigh–Bénard convection in non-colloidal suspensions
Authors: Demou Andreas D. , Niazi Ardekani Mehdi , Mirbod Parisa , Brandt Luca 
Published: July 2022

This study presents direct numerical simulations of turbulent Rayleigh–Bénard convection in non-colloidal suspensions, with special focus on the heat transfer modifications in the flow. Adopting a Rayleigh number of

$10^8$

and Prandtl number of 7, parametric investigations of the particle volume fraction

$0\leq \varPhi \leq 40\,\%$

and particle diameter

$1/20\leq d^*_p\leq 1/10$

with respect to the cavity height, are carried out. The particles are neutrally buoyant, rigid spheres with physical properties that match the fluid phase. Up to

$\varPhi =25\,\%$

, the Nusselt number increases weakly but steadily, mainly due to the increased thermal agitation that overcomes the decreased kinetic energy of the flow. Beyond

$\varPhi =30\,\%$

, the Nusselt number exhibits a substantial drop, down to approximately 1/3 of the single-phase value. This decrease is attributed to the dense particle layering in the near-wall region, confirmed by the time-averaged local volume fraction. The dense particle layer reduces the convection in the near-wall region and negates the formation of any coherent structures within one particle diameter from the wall. Significant differences between

$\varPhi \leq 30\,\%$

and 40 % are observed in all statistical quantities, including heat transfer and turbulent kinetic energy budgets, and two-point correlations. Special attention is also given to the role of particle rotation, which is shown to contribute to maintaining high heat transfer rates in moderate volume fractions. Furthermore, decreasing the particle size promotes the particle layering next to the wall, inducing a similar heat transfer reduction as in the highest particle volume fraction case.
A new perspective on the demographic transition: birth-baptism intervals in ten Spanish villages, 1830–1949
Authors: Marco-Gracia Francisco J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe analyse the evolution of birth-baptism intervals between 1830 and 1949 among children born into 815 Spanish families and relate the changes observed to developments in childhood mortality. Our results show that birth-baptism intervals in our study area increased rapidly after 1890, three decades after childhood mortality began to decline and a decade before fertility began to fall. We confirm that the families increasing the intervals between their children's births and baptisms after 1890 were those whose previous children had high rates of survival. We conclude that, in the last years of the nineteenth century, families were aware of the decline in child mortality and adjusted their behaviour in response.
Vulnerabilities avoided and resilience built. Collective action, poor relief and diversification as weapons of the weak (The Campine, Belgium, 1350–1845)
Authors: De Keyzer Maïka , Van Onacker Eline 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this article we analyse the root causes of the high level of resilience of one particular peasant society: the Campine area. While peasant societies have often been deemed one of the most vulnerable societies in the face of crises and disasters, because of their lack of capital, technology and power, we show that peasant communities possessed some important weapons of the weak. Thanks to strong property rights, collective action, a diverse economic portfolio and inclusive poor relief institutions the Campine peasants were able to weather both the late medieval crises, harvest failures as well as the threat of sand drifts between the fourteenth and nineteenth century.
Drawn-out Protests in China's Rustbelt: Land Revenue and the Limits to Bargained Authoritarianism
Authors: Chen Xingyan , Zhan Shaohua 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe rise of the land revenue regime in China, characterized by land dispossession in the countryside and land redevelopment in the city, has sparked numerous protests. This study draws attention to the paradox that the regime has helped to mitigate labour unrest, at least temporarily, in China's Rustbelt, where millions of workers were laid-off in the 1990s. Based on field research in Anshan, Liaoning province, and data from other cities in the Rustbelt, this article shows that laid-off workers’ protests persisted much longer than previously thought, largely owing to a lack of local fiscal resources to meet workers’ demands. Only with the growing revenue from land sales in the recent decade has the local government finally been able to ease the tension with laid-off workers. The article argues that bargained authoritarianism, or “buying stability,” widely considered to be an effective strategy by the local state to control social unrest, has its limits, mainly owing to its dependence on local fiscal resources. Recent economic downturns and declining land revenue will disrupt this strategy, leading to protracted protests and struggles in future.
Trade vs. Security: Recent Developments of Global Trade Rules and China's Policy and Regulatory Responses from Defensive to Proactive
Authors: Zhou Weihuan , Jiang Huiqin , Chen Zhe 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper provides a systemic study of China's policy and legal responses to security-related actions and disputes in the international trade regime. It starts with a brief review of the law and practices relating to the security exceptions under the World Trade Organization to provide an important context for understanding the recent developments of China's approaches to national security. Based on a detailed discussion of China's approaches at international and domestic levels, we argue that China's security strategy has been shifting from being defensive to proactive: internationally by seeking to influence the development of trade rules and practices, and domestically by expanding national security to cover a wide spectrum of economic security interests and developing a comprehensive regulatory framework to protect such interests. The way in which major trading nations are taking the law into their own hands, based on ever-expanding security interests, does not bode well for the future of the multilateral trading system. There is a pressing need for collective action by all governments involved to re-design security-related rules and exceptions to confine the use of security measures to agreed parameters.
High capacity chipless RFID tags for biomass tracking application
Authors: Ali Amjad , Smartt Christopher , Lester Ed , Williams Orla , Greedy Steve 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe design of a low-cost, flexible, miniaturized, and a high code density chipless radio-frequency identification (RFID) tag is presented as a solution for tracking the transportation of biomass fuel pellets. The performance of the tag is presented and demonstrates the applicability of the design for different material systems, while maintaining a compact size of 5.06 cm2. The tag consists of nested concentric hexagonal elements and a central spiral resonator suitable for ID encoding. The tag presented demonstrates code density of 3.6-bits/cm2, possesses angular stability up to 60°, and high radar cross section (RCS). The tag performance was also observed for tracking 5 kg of fly-ash biomass. Additionally, as the tag mass mostly consists of FR4, PET, or Taconic TLX-0 with a minute mass of either copper, gold, or silver, the tag can be easily combusted and disposed of during biomass combustion. The novel features of this tag are the combination of hexagonal and spiral shape slots for maximum space utilization thereby achieving high RCS signatures along with high code density. All these properties of the proposed chipless RFID tag provide a pioneering pathway for a real-time biomass tracking application.
Ancient Greek for Kids: From Theory to Praxis
Authors: Manolidou Eugenia , Goula Sophia , Sakka Vicky 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis essay presents the methods, as well as the pedagogical effects, findings and results of introducing Ancient Greek in the curriculum of children between three and 12 years old as evidenced over 27 years in the method of Elliniki Agogi. Elliniki Agogi is an award-winning private educational institute established in Greece in the mid-1990s at a time when the teaching of Ancient Greek was questioned and dramatically reduced from the public curriculum. Its aim is to safeguard learning that has its roots in Ancient Greek and to continue to introduce students to the Greek civilisation and its language, using effective, entertaining and artistic methods. This endeavour was based on specific pedagogical models; by learning through experience and through a communication-orientated educational process. With concomitant, cautious organisation and preparation of each lesson a diversified educational curriculum is created that connects the students to their distant past while experiencing positive emotions, filled with ethical paradigms that contribute later to master a fully-shaped personality. 27 years later, studies have come to prove the positive influence of learning Ancient Greek in children's linguistic and mental abilities. The following study conducted is distinctive in the detailed pedagogical method it provides and validates the importance of teaching the Ancient Greek language to children as early as possible.
Barometric Pumping Through Fractured Rock: A Mechanism for Venting Deep Methane to Mars' Atmosphere
Authors: Ortiz J. P. , Rajaram H. , Stauffer P. H. , Harp D. R. , Wiens R. C. , Lewis K. W. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBoth the source of methane on Mars and the mechanism for transmission from the subsurface to the atmosphere are not fully understood. Previous seepage simulations have invoked relatively shallow subsurface sources to explain observed methane signatures on Mars. We propose that barometric‐pressure pumping through fracture networks could be an effective mechanism for methane transport from the deep subsurface on Mars. Using atmospheric pressure data gathered by Curiosity as input, we simulate methane gas transport from depths of 200 m to the surface. Even with such a deep source, our model reproduces the observed seasonality of methane, and the simulated surface methane fluxes fall within the range of previous estimates derived from atmospheric observations. Because 200 m is the likely minimum hospitable depth for living methanogenic microbes, our fracture network model indirectly reinvigorates the possibility of a microbial source of methane on Mars.
The Maxwell Effect and the Material Transport by Transient Eddies
Authors: Radko T. , Kamenkovich I. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMesoscale eddies—irregular time‐dependent currents with lateral scales of 10–200 km—are ubiquitous in the World Ocean. They profoundly affect general circulation and actively redistribute oceanic heat, salt, biogeochemical tracers, and pollutants. The development of accurate parameterizations of eddy‐induced transport remains one of the most pressing challenges in physical oceanography. Commonly used mesoscale parameterizations assume that the relation between eddy‐induced fluxes and the large‐scale property gradients is local and instantaneous. The present communication challenges this premise. We consider a closure that incorporates a delay in the adjustment of eddy fluxes to changing ambient distribution of properties. This model is inspired by the century‐and‐a‐half‐old idea of Maxwell, who argued that molecular dispersion necessarily involves a finite relaxation period. In our study, this principle is reinterpreted in the context of the turbulent transport problem. A series of simulations reveal marked improvements in eddy parameterizations brought by the inclusion of Maxwell's effect.