bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bias correction performance of global precipitation forecasting systems in Poldokhtar Watershed in Iran
Authors: Motlagh Soudabeh Behian , Honarbakhsh Afshin , Azizian Asghar 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
precipitation forecasting is critical due to its use in flood and water resources studies. Numerical weather predictions have been extensively developed in recent years. Today, the world's leading meteorological centers have used these models in their meteorological forecasts. The TIGGE database (dataset) uses a number of these centers in its meteorological forecasts. The present study was conducted to evaluate the performance of numerical models (ECMWF, MeteoFrance, NCEP) available in the database to predict precipitation in the Poldakhtar basin. Also, the effect of bias correction methods (EZ, QM, Delta) on precipitation forecasting models is another goal of this research. The obtained results showed that most prediction models had the lowest RMSE at low altitudes and the highest value at high altitudes. Among the models used in this study, the ECMWF model had the lowest RMSE in other parts of the Poldakhtar basin compared to other models, while the NCEP model had the highest RMSE value. Also, the evaluation of the corrected precipitation showed that the EZ method was the best oblique correction method in the proximity of the predicted precipitation to the observed data. In contrast, the Delta method was superior in RMSE and CC index. However, all bias correction methods have improved the predicted precipitation values to an acceptable level, which increases the efficiency of the precipitation prediction models in the flood warning system.
Analysis of neutralizing antibody to COVID-19 vaccine in hospitalized patients with liver dysfunction
Authors: Li Hu , Li Shiying , Xu Pan , Wang Xiaohao , Deng Huan , Lei Yu , Zhong Shan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the level of neutralizing antibodies(NAbs) after COVID-19 vaccination in patients suffered from liver dysfunction.Methods: In this cross-sectional study with longitudinal follow-up , a total of 137 patients and 134 healthy volunteers with full-course COVID-19 vaccination for more than 1 month were enrolled. Data of clinical characteristics , dates after vaccination and the types of vaccine were collected. Blood samples were collected for NAbs test when the patient was hospitalized, and some collected second time after treatment. Results: Both seropositivity and mean titer of NAbs in patients was significantly lower than that in healthy control(65.7% vs 80.60%; 3.954 vs 4.944 log2AU/ml ). The decrease of antibody titer in patients was significantly faster than that in healthy controls（-2.642 vs -0.9654 AU/ml per day). In multiple logistic regression analysis, more severe liver damage (odds ratio (OR): 0.30; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.12–0.71; p=0.0067) and male (OR: 0.17; 95%CI: 0.06–0.46; p=0.0005)were significantly associated with reduction of the probability of NAbs seropositivity. Chronic liver status(β =−1.45; 95% CI: −2.13 to −0.76; p<0.0001) and male sex (β =−1.18; 95% CI: −1.73 to −0.64; p<0.0001) were significantly associated with higher NAbs titers. In 26 patients with liver failure, both the antibody seropositivity and titer did not decrease, but increased(before 53.8% vs after 84.6%; 3.553 vs 4.321 log2AU/ml)after artificial liver plasmapheresis.Conclusions: Compared with healthy people, the seropositivity and titer of NAbs after COVID-19 vaccination in patients with liver dysfunction were lower and the titer decreased faster. Male, severe liver injury and chronic liver status have increased risk of poor antibody responses, and artificial liver treatment does not reduce NAbs titers in patients with liver failure.
Toxoplasma gondii attenuates the Ethidium bromide induced demyelination lesions in multiple sclerosis model rats
Authors: Motavallihaghi Seyedmousa , Ghaemipanaeian Mojgan , Asl Sara Soleimani , Foroughi-Parvar Faeze , Maghsood Amir Hossein 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a neurodegenerative autoimmune illness. Because parasites influence the immune system, the purpose of this research was to see how toxoplasmosis affected MS symptoms in an animal model. This study was performed on 36 female Wistar rats. After the induction of MS and Injection of Toxoplasma gondii tachizoites simultaneously, clinical signs and weight of rats were recorded. Histological changes in brains were examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Finally, TNF-α and INF-γ were determined by ELISA technique. When compared to the control group, the incidence of MS clinical symptoms was considerably lower in the chronic toxoplasmosis group (P < 0.0001). When compared to the MS group, the MS with chronic toxoplasmosis group lost less weight (P < 0.0001). Furthermore, the histological studies showed higher cell density, less spongy tissue, more viable cells, and less pyknotic cells in MS with chronic toxoplasmosis group compared with MS group. TNF-α and INF-γ decreased in MS with chronic toxoplasmosis compared to the MS group. Our findings suggest that the chronic toxoplasmosis can reduce clinical symptoms in MS and prevent the destruction of cells by modulating the host immune system responses.
Identification of Natural inhibitor agianst L1 beta-lactamase present in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
Authors: H Sreenithya K , Jade Dhananjay , Harrison Michael , Sugumar Shobana 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is becoming a threat to the medical industry in treating microbial infections. Many organisms are acquiring antibiotic resistance because of the continuous use of the same drug. Gram-negative organisms are developing multi-drug resistance properties (MDR) due to chromosomal level changes that occurred as a part of evolution or some intrinsic factors already present in the organism. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia falls under the category of Multidrug-Resistant organism. WHO has also urged to evaluate the scenario and develop new strategies for making this organism susceptible to otherwise resistant antibiotics. Using novel compounds as drugs can ameliorate the issue to some extent. The beta-lactamase enzyme in the bacteria is responsible for inhibiting several drugs currently being used for treatment. This enzyme can be targeted to find an inhibitor that can inhibit the enzyme activity and make the organism susceptible to beta-lactam antibiotics. Plants produce several secondary metabolites for their survival in adverse environments. Several phytoconstituents have antimicrobial properties and have been used in traditional medicine for a very long time. The computational technologies can be exploited to find the best compound from many compounds. Virtual screening, molecular docking, and dynamic simulation methods are followed to get the best inhibitor for L1 beta-lactamase. IMPPAT database is screened, and the top hit compounds are studied for ADMET properties. Finally, four compounds are selected to set for dynamics. After all the computational calculations, Withanolide R is found to have a better binding and forms a stable complex with the protein. This compound can act as a potent natural inhibitor for L1 beta-lactamase.
Study protocol for validation of the safety and efficacy of topical steroid therapy targeting nasal-associated lymphoid tissue in IgA nephropathy ﻿: a single-centre, open-label, historical controlled study
Authors: Lee Mingfeng , Suzuki Hitoshi , Kato Rina , Nakayama Maiko , Fukao Yusuke , Kano Toshiki , Makita Yuko , Kobayashi Takashi , Sato Daisuke , Kihara Masao , Nojiri Shuko , Suzuki Yusuke 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. Approximately 30–40% of patients progress to end-stage renal disease over 20 years. Mucosal immune dysregulation in nasal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) may be involved in the pathogenesis of IgAN. In Japan, the efficacy of tonsillectomy combined with steroid pulse therapy (TSP) has been reported. Meanwhile, the risk of surgery i.e., tonsillectomy and the adverse effects related to systemic steroid administration are major concerns for TSP. To overcome these problems, we propose a topical steroid therapy targeting NALT. This therapeutic concept is a novel approach to regulate the mucosal immunity of NALT. In this study, we aim to evaluate the safety and efficacy of dexamethasone-based elixir gargling in patients with IgAN.
Methods
This will be a single-centre, open-label, historical controlled study. We plan to enroll 20 patients diagnosed with IgAN who were scheduled to undergo tonsillectomy. All participants are required to sign a written consent form. The study protocol has been reviewed and approved by Juntendo University Hospital Certified Review Board (CRB3180012). Patients will receive steroid gargling therapy with 10 ml of 0.01% undiluted solution of dexamethasone elixir four times per day for 4 weeks. The primary endpoint is the safety of steroid gargling, including the incidence of adverse events (oral/pharyngeal discomfort and taste disorders), presence of elevated inflammatory markers and presence of glucose intolerance. The secondary endpoint is the efficacy of steroid gargling, including serum IgA and galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) level, renal function, proteinuria and haematuria. All statistical analyses will be conducted using the SAS statistical software (version 9.4, SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA).
Discussion
There are few reports of intra-oral, topical steroids in renal disease. Once the steroid gargle is evaluated as safe in this study, extending the gargling period for longer term—for example 3 to 6 months—would be considered in the subsequent large-scale study. This pilot trial would also help in assessing the financial, technical, administrative, or logistic feasibility of a larger study.
Trial registration number
Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (jRCTs031200127). https://jrct.niph.go.jp/latest-detail/jRCTs031200127. Protocol version: October 15, 2021 Ver. 1.3. The date of registration 09/23/2020
Increased Macrophage-like Cell Density in Retinal Vein Occlusion as Characterized by Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Authors: Wang Wenyu , Sun Gongpeng , He Lu , Chen Changzheng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objectives: To quantitatively analyze macrophage-like cells (MLCs) at the vitreoretinal interface in retinal vein occlusion (RVO) using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA).Methods: The study included 72 RVO patients, with 43 acute patients and 29 chronic patients. For a normal control, 64 fellow eyes were included. MLCs were visualized in a 5μm en face OCT slab above the vitreoretinal interface centered on the fovea. After semi-automatic binarization and quantification, we evaluated the MLC count and density among groups. We also investigated the MLC density and distribution relative to retinal edema.Results: Morphological changes and congregation of MLCs appeared in RVO eyes. The MLC density of both the acute and chronic groups was significantly higher than that of the control eyes (p<0.001). In the acute group, the MLC density of the edematous region was lower than both the non-edematous region (p<0.001) and the whole image (p<0.01). The MLC density in acute eyes was negatively correlated to central fovea thickness (CFT) (r=-0.352, p<0.05). The MLC density in chronic eyes was positively correlated to CFT and mean retina thickness (MRT) (r=0.406, P<0.05; r=0.412, P<0.05, respectively).Conclusions: SS-OCTA is a viable and simple method for the characterization of MLCs at the vitreoretinal interface. A significant increase in the MLC density in both acute and chronic eyes implicates the activation and recruitment of MLCs in RVO and that the MLC density and distribution can be affected by retinal edema.
Effectiveness of the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine against invasive pneumococcal disease among 948,263 individuals ≥65 years of age: A Danish cohort study
Authors: Nielsen Katrine Finderup , Nielsen Lise Birk , Lomholt Frederikke Kristensen , Slotved Hans-Christian , Dalby Tine , Fuursted Kurt , Jørgensen Charlotte Sværke , Valentiner-Branth Palle 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to estimate the effectiveness of the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) against invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) among individuals ≥ 65 years of age. We used Danish nationwide databases to obtain information on PPV23 vaccination, covariates and IPD, and linked data on an individual-level using a unique personal identifier. A total of 948,263 individuals were included and followed between June 15, 2020 and September 18, 2021 (58.6% were vaccinated during follow-up). The adjusted vaccine effectiveness was 42% (95% confidence interval (CI): 9%-63%) for all-serotype IPD and 58% (95% CI: 21%-78%) for PPV23-serotype IPD, using no vaccination as the reference.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in fruit juice samples: a health risk assessment study
Authors: Naghashan Mahsa , Kargarghomsheh Pegah , Nazari Roshanak Rafiei , Mehraie Abbas , Tooryan Fahimeh , Shariatifar Nabi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The objective of the present research was to investigate the level of 16 PAHs in fruit juice samples (orange, apple, peach, pineapple, and mango) with three different packages (PET bottle, Tetra Pak and Canned packaging) by using MSPE/GC–MS (magnetic solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) method. Our outcomes showed the mean of total PAHs and PAH4 (in all samples) were 7.67 ± 3.19 and 0.37 ± 0.16 µg/L, respectively. The mean of BaP in samples was )0.06 ± 0.03 µg/L( lower than the standard level of US-EPA (0.2 µg/L in drinking water). Also, our results showed that pineapple juice had a maximum mean of total PAHs of 12.42 ± 4.84 µg/L and mango juice had a minimum mean of total PAHs of 5.17 ± 1.24 µg/L. Additionally, canned packaging had a maximum average total PAH of 10.62 ± 5.22 µg/L and PET bottles had a minimum average total PAH of 5.25 03 2.03 µg/L. A heat map approach was also used to cluster samples. The Monte Carlo outcomes indicated that the estimated daily intake (EDI) rank order was Na > B(g)P > Ch > I(cd)P > B(b)F > Ph > B(k)F > F > Ace > Fl > B(a)P > B(a)A > P > A. The Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) results showed the incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) at the 95th percentiles for adults and children was 4.91E-7 and 9.12E-7, respectively, which indicated no risk (< 10− 6).
Exosomes derived from cancer-associated fibroblasts promote tumorigenesis, metastasis, chemoresistance of colorectal cancer cells by upregulating circ_0067557 to target Lin28A and Lin28B
Authors: Yu Zhiwei , Yang Cheng , Zhang Yan , Yu ZhiWei , Wang Jiahao , Wang Jiaming , Wang Muhong , Xuan Yuhong , Cheng Haiyue , Ma Jiaao , Chai Cuicui , Li Mingzhe 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Exosomes derived from cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) may be crucial in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, although the underlying function and mechanism of CAF-derived exosomes in CRC are still unclear. We used a circular RNA (circRNA) array to identify differentially expressed circRNAs in exosomes from normal fibroblasts (NFs) and CAFs. One differentially expressed circRNA was circ_0067557, whose expression was verified by RT-qPCR. The target genes of circ_0067557 (Lin28A and Lin28B) were identified by RNA-pull down, RNA-IP, and RNA-EMSA. The biological behavior of CRC cells and CRC xenograft tumors were examined by multiple assays. Circ_0067557 expression in exosomes from CAFs was higher than in exosomes from NFs. Functionally, CAF-derived exosomes could induce proliferation, migration, invasion, chemoresistance, EMT, and the cancer stem cell (CSC) features of CRC cells while suppressing apoptosis. In addition, we confirmed that circ_0067557 could bind to its target genes (Lin28A and Lin28B). Silencing of circ_0067557 prevented the malignant phenotype of the CRC cell by targeting Lin28A and Lin28B. Moreover, CAF-derived exosomes enhanced the growth of CRC xenograft tumors, suppressed apoptosis, and upregulated Lin28A and Lin28B through circ_0067557. Circ_0067557/Lin28A and Lin28B signal axis may be a potential therapy target for CRC patients.
How Climate, Landscape and Economical Changes Increase the Exposure of Echinococcus Spp.
Authors: Di Xiaoyu , Li Shuo , Ma Bin , Di Xiaofan , Li Yuhao , An Bei , Jiang Wenwen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Echinococcosis is a global enzootic disease influenced by different biological and environmental factors. We investigated do and patient populations, and climatic and environmental factors affecting the distribution of Echinococcosis in Gansu Province, China. The risk to people in urban areas is increasing with climate, landscape, and lifestyle changes.Methods: We conducted a retrospective descriptive study using hospitalization case data (2000 to 2020) in Lanzhou. All hospital discharges with echinococcosis diagnosis placed in the first diagnostic position were analyzed, and clinical characteristics were described. We mapped the addresses of 626 hospitalized echinococcosis patients and distribution dogs and studied the effects of different temperature models, mean annual rainfall and slope, latitude, land covers, closeproximity to travel routes, livestock, and dog densities on the occurrence of echinococcosis using a geographical information systems approach. The spatial and temporal distribution of patient epidemiological data combined with infected dog fecal incidence from the scientific literature was also evaluated. We assessed model performance and variable importance to discover the relation of these variables to the exposure of the Echinococcus spp. niche. Then, we imported the resulting niche model into future global Shared Socioeconomic Pathways scenarios.Results: The average cost of treating a case of echinococcosis in Gansu Province was $24,370.2 and showed an increasing trend during the study period. The cost of treating a case of echinococcosis in different counties was significantly negative with their corresponding gross domestic product (GDP). The three factors with the strongest correlation to echinococcosis infection probability were (1) GLC (56.6%), (2) annual precipitation (Bio12, 21.2%), and (3) mean temperature of the Wettest Quarter (Bio12, 8.5% of variations). The risk map showed that areas characterized by Echinococcus spp were mainly located east southern Gansu Province with the highest probability, followed by areas in the center of Gansu Province. When comparing the possible future distribution with the present distribution of Echinococcus spp., an increasing tendency was observed in the highly suitable areas of Echinococcus spp., indicating that environmental changes would affect the distribution of Echinococcus spp.Conclusion: This study provides valuable information for cost-effective public health programs to control echinococcosis in Gansu Province and elsewhere. Raising travelers’ disease awareness and preventive health habits is an urgent agenda and most efficient-reaching action with a small investment.
Stress fracture of ipsilateral femoral neck after total knee replacement: 2 cases report
Authors: Liu Changjie , Liu Xiaoguang , Fu Daotong , Liu Zezhong , Shen Xiaoru , Zhang Yimin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The main complications after total knee replacement were pain, infection, thrombosis and nerve injury, but few patients had ipsilateral femoral neck fractures, which might be related to changes of the biomechanical axis of the knee joint, increasing activity level, osteoporosis, and high BMI, following TKR.
Crystal-Modeler: A Tool for Geometric Analysis and Three-Dimensional Modeling of Crystal Forms Based on Rectangular Coordinates in Space
Authors: Chao Huixia , Li Yue , Yao Weihua , Han Xin , Wang Ran 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Various classification methods have been developed for geometric form of crystals. One method involves the generation of three-dimensional (3D) models of crystals, mainly through graphical representations. However, traditional graphical representations depend on symmetrical operations of crystal planes and the use of polar stereographic projections. There is still very few geometric analysis or mathematical expression for the rectangular coordinate system, meaning that 3D visualization of crystal forms is limited. In this paper, we present a geometric analysis that allows 3D visualization analysis of crystal forms and identifies geometric relations between crystal forms. We divide crystal models in a 3D rectangular coordinate system within 47 types of geometric form into the tetrahedron, polygon (polyhedron), and cube classes. We determine the vertex space coordinates of the 47 types of crystal form through geometric analysis and coordinate calculation of the crystal forms. Last but not least, in order to obtain 3D models of every geometric form under the automorphism of crystals, it is the convex envelope geometric polyhedron algorithm to be created to calculate the edges and triangular faces by WebGL technology which makes it possible to develop an online interactive 3D crystallographic study system in a web-browser.
Longevity of metal-ceramic single crowns cemented with self-adhesive resin cement: An update of a prospective analysis with up to 106 months of follow-up
Authors: Machry Renan Vaz , Bergoli César Dalmolin , Schwantz Julia Kaster , Brondani Lucas Pradebon , Pereira-Cenci Tatiana , Pereira Gabriel Kalil Rocha , Valandro Luiz Felipe 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate longevity of metal-ceramic single crowns cemented using a self-adhesive resin cement in a prospective clinical analytical study. Methods: A total of 152 teeth received resin composite prosthetic cores and metal-ceramic crowns cemented with a self-adhesive resin cement. The patients included in the sample were recalled for clinical and radiography evaluation in an up-to-106-month period after the final cementation procedures, with an average of 62 months of follow-up. Next, 93% of the sample (142 teeth) were evaluated regarding the treatment survival rate, analysed considering the loss of crown retention (crown debonding) as the primary outcome. In addition, post debonding, root fracture and tooth loss occurrences were also recorded as secondary outcomes to evaluate the success rate of the prosthetic treatment. The aesthetic parameters were also evaluated according to the FDI criteria. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression, with 95% confidence interval was applied for the statistical analysis. Results: Regarding the primary outcome, the metal-ceramic crowns cemented with self-adhesive resin cement presented a high survival rate (93%), with 8 crown debondings occurring after the evaluation period. For secondary outcomes, 9 root fractures, 4 post debondings and 3 tooth losses (1 due to caries and 2 due to periodontal disease) occurred, generating a success rate of 72%. All crowns had a score 1 on the FDI criteria, indicating that they were clinically excellent or very good regarding the aesthetic parameters.Conclusion: The metal-ceramic crowns luted with a self-adhesive resin cement presented a survival rate of 93% after an average follow-up of 62 months. Furthermore, the restorations remained aesthetically satisfactory over time, without changes that would indicate prosthetic retreatment. A success rate of 72% was obtained considering the secondary outcome, mainly related to intraradicular retainer failures (root fractures or post debonding). Clinical Significance: The self-adhesive resin cement is clinically indicated for cementation of metal-ceramic crowns.