bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influences of Social Distance on Anxiety Caused by Spatial and Temporal Distance
Authors: Gao Yuan , Zhang Qun , He Rui , Liao Jiejie , Feng Huiyan , Deng Hongyu , Hu Yuan , Mo Lei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Psychological distance is explored extensively in the field of social cognition. Recently, some researchers have advanced the researches of psychological distance to the emotional domain, exploring the effects of single dimension of psychological distance on anxiety triggered by negative events. On the basis, the present study further explored the interaction effect of different social distance on the temporal and spatial distance effect of anxiety triggered by negative events. Experiment 1 explores the effect of zero social distance on the temporal (Experiment 1a) and spatial (Experiment 1b) distance effect of anxiety induced by negative events. Experiment 2 explores the effect of near social distance on the temporal (Experiment 2a) and spatial (Experiment 2b) distance effect of anxiety induced by negative events. The results of Experiment 1 showed that the temporal and spatial distance of the event make individual more anxious when the negative event occurs to the individual himself rather than others. The results of experiment 2 showed that the temporal and spatial distance of the event make individual more anxious when the negative event occurs to the individual’s friends rather than others. Based on the results of two experiments, this study proposed the influence pattern and significance of social distance on the spatial and temporal distance effect of anxiety caused by negative events.
Antibiotic combination therapy versus monotherapy for the treatment of infections due to carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria： a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lai Chengcheng , Ma Zijun , Zhang Jun , Wang Junjun , Wang Jinghui , Wu Zhuanghao , Luo Yonggang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Increasing evidence has suggested that combination antibiotic therapy is more effective than monotherapy and leads to better outcomes.However, results from observational researches were contradictory and did not support the combination antibiotic therapy in this context. Here, a meta-analysis of published studies determined whether a combination of two or more antimicrobial agents reduces mortality in patients with Gram-negative bacteremia.
Objective: The aim of the review was to comprehensively summarize the evidence and evaluate the impact of antibiotic combinations or monotherapy on infection caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
Method: A comprehensive computerized search was performed through PubMed, Cochrane library, web of science and Embase up to March 15, 2012, to identify published studies. We would include randomized controlled trials, non-randomised studies without consideration of publication status, time of publication, blinding status or language. Case reports, review articles were excluded. Studies were considered available if they compared monotherapy regimens with combination therapy regimens for treating infection due to carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
Results: A total of 52 studies were included enrolling 6524 participants, which included 5 randomized controlled trials and 47 non-randomised studies of the effects of interventions. The results showed higher mortality (OR=1.38, 95%CI=1.17-1.64) in monotherapy groups, lower clinical success (OR=0.63, 95%CI=0.45-0.89) and microbiological eradication (OR=0.60, 95%CI=0.43-0.84) in monotherapy for treating carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteremia. Similarly, significant higher mortality (OR=1.58, 95%CI=1.22-2.06), lower clinical success (OR=0.36, 95%CI=0.24-0.53) and microbiological eradication (OR=0.36, 95%CI=0.18-0.72) in monotherapy for treating carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. There were only few clinical researches comparing the effect of combination therapy versus monotherapy, most of them being case-control and retrospective cohort studies limited by small study size. Well- argued randomised controlled trials are lacking.
Conclusions: Infection patients caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria may benefit from combination therapy. We suggest choosing combination therapy to treat severe infection due to carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria before larger and better-devised randomized controlled trials completed. Because of risk and the design of the available studies, well-powered randomized controlled trials are needed.
Aspergillus lentulus Activates the NLRP3 Inflammasome
Authors: Yusufujiang Xiarikeya , Wang Xiaodong , Zhang Lijuan , Abulizi Palida 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Aspergillus lentulus (A.lentulus) as a sibling species of Aspergillus fumigatus can cause fatal invasive aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients. Innate immunity is the first line of anti-infection reactions. The NLRP3 inflammasome is an essential protein complex of innate immunity that controls the secretion of IL-1β. Previous studies have shown that NLRP3 inflammasome plays an important role in fungal infection. In present study, to clarify whether A.lentulus is able to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome, mouse dendritic cells (DCs) used as infection model and analyzed IL-1β production after incubating with A.lentulus strain isolated from a COPD patient. The result showed that A.lentulus-induced IL-β secretion is depend on NLRP3 inflammasome activation, it was determined by gene-specific siRNA. Further more, the effect of K+ efflux, Cathepsin B or ROS production to the IL-1β secretion were confirmed by competitive inhibitors. Our data indicates that A.lentulus activates NLRP3 inflammasome and induce IL-1β production from DCs.
CT findings of chemotherapy drug-related acute pancreatitis
Authors: Zuo Liping , Fan Jinlei , Shi Shuo , Tian Ziyu , Yu Dexin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To describe plain and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) findings of chemotherapy drug-related acute pancreatitis in patients with malignances.
Methods
Twenty-two patients with first clinical and/or biochemical evidence of pancreatitis who underwent plain and/or contrast-enhanced CT while being treated with chemotherapy were retrospectively included in the study. Chemotherapy drug-related acute pancreatitis (CDRAP) diagnosis was obtained based on clinical, imaging, and biochemical findings. CT features of CDRAPwere recorded as follows: normal pancreas morphology, pancreatic enlargement (diffuse or focal), enhancing but heterogeneous parenchyma (diffuse or focal), peripancreatic stranding, acute peripancreatic fluid collection, pseudocyst, acute necrotic collections (pancreatic necrosis and peripancreatic necrosis) and main pancreatic duct dilatation. In addition, the baseline demographics, clinical, biochemical, other complications, chemotherapy drugs, and outcomes of the pancreas were also included.
Results
CT showed that five (23%) patients demonstrated normal pancreas, whereas 17 (77%) patients presented with acute pancreatitis changes in clinically diagnosed CDRAP patients. The CT findingsof 22 CDRAPs were as follows: diffuse (n=7) or focal (n=8) pancreatic enlargement, diffuse (n=6) or focal (n=1) heterogeneousenhancement, peripancreatic stranding (n=5), acute peripancreatic fluid collection (n=7), and pseudocyst (n=1). No patients developed acute necrotic collections or dilatation of the main pancreatic duct. The severity classification of acute pancreatitis in most people (81%) wasmild pancreatitis. Other complications were drug-induced hepatitis (n=3), polycranial neuropathy (n=1), and death (n=1).Regarding theoutcomes of the pancreas, two patients developed acute pancreatitis changes on CT in five initial normal pancreas morphologies.
Conclusion
Chemotherapy-related acute pancreatitis mainly presented as interstitial edematous pancreatitis and/or a normal pancreas on CT. Most living patients experienced mild acute pancreatitis. Patients with other risk factors for acute pancreatitis might easily develop CDRAP, which needs more attention.
Variations in the type of adjuvant chemotherapy among Stage III colon cancer patients in England
Authors: Hassan Syreen , Miles Anne , Rachet Bernard , Morris Melanie 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Treatment with any adjuvant chemotherapy for Stage III colon cancer has been shown to differ between groups. Few studies, however, explore variations in the type of adjuvant chemotherapy received, none of which from the UK. The aim of this study is to explore variation in the type of chemotherapy received by Stage III colon cancer patients.
Methods: Data from the national cancer registry was linked to the Systemic Anti-Cancer Therapy database, which provides detailed information on treatment of malignant diseases from all NHS England chemotherapy providers. Demographic and clinical characteristics were compared between those who received monotherapy (fluoropyrimidine) or combination chemotherapy (fluoropyrimidine and oxaliplatin) among Stage III colon cancer patients.
Results: Of 8,750 patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy, 22.3% (n=2,359) received monotherapy and 60.4% (n=6,391) received combination therapy. The odds of receiving combination therapy decreased with age. Those from the most deprived group had half the odds (OR: 0.5, CI: 0.42,0.59, p<0.001) of receiving combination therapy compared to the least deprived group. Women were 14% less likely to get combined therapy (OR: 0.86, CI: 0.77,0.95, p=0.005). Those with the largest tumour size (T4) and those with more than 3 lymph nodes involved (N2) had 30% (OR: 1.30; CI: 1.07,1.59; p=0.008) and 50% (OR: 1.50; 1.34,1.69; p<0.001) higher odds of receiving combination therapy compared to T1 or T2 and N1, respectively.
Conclusion: There is variation in the type of chemotherapy received for stage III colon cancer patients by sociodemographic factors, despite clear clinical guidelines.
The efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics of IL-17A monoclonal antibody injection (AK111) in patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase Ib multi-dose escalation clinical study
Authors: Jiang Congjun , Zhou Huan , Zhang Wanlu , Xia Yu , Li Baiyong , Ni Xiang , Wang Guoqin , Zhang Wenhui , Chen Benchao , He Zhimei , Zhang Min , Chen Rui , Jin Hongzhong , Deng Liehua 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate the safety, tolerability, immunogenicity, pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and the expression of skin biomarkers of AK111 injection after multiple administration in subjects with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis, and to evaluate the preliminary clinical efficacy in the trial.
Methods
This study is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-parallel controlled study using a dose escalation mode of multiple doses. 48 subjects were sequentially randomized to receive each of AK111 dose regimens (75mg, 150mg, 300mg, 450mg) or corresponding placebo. All subjects were treated with the study drug at week 0/1/4/8 and were unblinded at week 12 with the placebo group being ended, and AK111 group being followed up to 20 weeks.
Results
A total of 48 subjects were randomized. At week 12, compared with placebo, the percentage of subjects achieving PASI75 and sPGA0/1 in AK111 75mg, 150mg, 300mg, and 450mg dose groups was significantly increased, and higher PASI90 was achieved in 150mg, 300mg, and 450mg dose groups than in 75mg group. All efficacy indicators were maintained at week 20. The incidence of treatment-emergent Anti-Drug Antibody (ADA) was 0%(0/48). Neutralizing antibodies (Nabs) were not detected in any subject. The proportion of subjects with any reported treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE) was 75.0% in the AK111 group, similar to 66.7% in the placebo group, and there was no obvious dose relationship. The most commonly reported adverse events were hyperglycemia, elevated blood pressure and hypokalemia. Additionally, the AK111 PK showed approximate dose proportionalitywith regard to the PK parameters of the Cmax and AUC0-tfollowing subcutaneous injection doses of 150mg,300mg and 450 mg.
Conclusion
After moderate to severe plaque psoriasis subjects received multiple subcutaneous AK111 injections,the dose range of 150mg-450mg, AK111 exposure increased in an approximate dose-proportional relationship. AK111 was demonstrated to be safe and tolerable. In subjects with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis, AK111 demonstrated encouraging preliminary efficacy which was sustained in a relatively long period after the last dose administration.
Clinical trial registration
Clinical trial identification number is NCT05504317 and was registered in August 2022
Biotransformation of Ginsenoside Rb2 to Rg3 by Endophytic Bacterium Leifsonia sp.G05 isolated from Dry Panax ginseng
Authors: Guo Min , Xu Yanyan , Zhang Chen , Zhu Runqi , Liang Cancan , Liu Jialin , Zhu Daheng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this study, a strain G05, which can efficiently convert the main ginsenoside Rb2 to the rare ginsenoside Rg3, was screened from the endophytic bacteria of dry Panax ginseng by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. The strain was identified as Leifsonia by morphological and molecular biological analysis and named Leifsonia sp.G05. The effect of medium, inoculum amount, transformation temperature, medium pH and substrate concentration on the conversion rate of ginsenoside Rb2 to Rg3 was investigated to obtained the optimum conditions for transformation and high conversion rate, as well as the transformation path of strain G05. The results showed that the strain G05 could convert 1 mg/mL ginsenoside Rb2 more efficiently when the medium was Luria-Bertani, the inoculum amount was 1%, the transformation temperature was 30°C, and the medium pH was 7. Under these conditions, the main ginsenoside Rb2 could be nearly completely converted to the rare ginsenoside Rg3 by strain G05 after 9 hours of fermentation, the conversion rate reached 98%, and the transformation path was Rb2→Rd→Rg3. The research results could improve the utilization rate of the main ginsenoside Rb2 to a certain extent, and provide safer and specific rare ginsenosides for the pharmaceutical and food preparation industries.
Architecture, domain organization and functional signatures of trypanosomatid keIF4A1s and Plasmodium peIF4A1s suggest conserved functions
Authors: Dadwal Anica , Das Supratik 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Initiation of translation is the first of the three obligatory steps required for protein synthesis and is carried out by a large number of protein factors called initiation factors in conjunction with ribosomes. One of the key conserved protein factors in eukaryotes that plays a role in this process is eIF4A which has three homologues in humans with eIF4A1 being the primary factor playing a role in translation initiation. eIF4As are members of a family called DEAD-box helicases that carry out different biological functions. eIF4A1s are recruited to translation initiation complexes via association with eIF4G and have ATP binding, ATP hydrolysis, RNA binding and unwinding activities. Plasmodium and trypanosomatids like Leishmania and Trypanosoma are parasites that cause human disease. While mechanistically the function of eIF4A1s in eukaryotes is well understood, the orthologues peIF4A1s and keIF4A1s in Plasmodium and trypanosomatids are not well studied. Here, we have used bioinformatics tools and homology modeling to study the motifs and functional signatures of Plasmodium and trypanosomatid peIF4A1s/ keIF4A1s. We report that inspite of the great divergence in evolution between these parasites and higher eukaryotes there is remarkable conservation of motifs and functional signatures in Plasmodium and trypanosomatid peIF4A1s/ keIF4A1s.
Therapeutic potential of FLT4-targeting peptide in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Lee Ji Yoon , Park Soojin , Han A-Reum , Hwang Hee-Sun , Kim Hee-Je 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Fms-related tyrosine kinase-4 (FLT4) is involved in tumor progression. Previously, we found that dysfunctional natural killer (NK) cells with low interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) were restored in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) by the FLT4 antagonist MAZ51. We developed 12 peptides targeting FLT4 for clinical application and ultimately selected 4 of them to examine whether they restored the frequency of lymphocytes, especially T cells and NK cells, and high IFN-γ expression, as MAZ51 treatment did in our previous study. Although clinical data from using intracellular kinase domain–targeting peptides are currently available, peptides targeting FLT4 to modulate immune cells have not been fully elucidated.
Methods: To end this, designed 12 peptides were screened in vitro their potential for IFN-gamma expression by ELISpot assays. And then 4 peptides were finally selected to apply leukemic mice. To assess the changes of immune subset in leukemic mice, FACS analysis was performed using BM, PB, and spleen from leukemic mice.
Results: In this study, we focus on novel peptide 4 (P4) from the intracellular domain of FLT4 because it had dominant negative activity. Similar to MAZ51, high IFN-γ levels were expressed in AML-mononuclear cells (MNCs) exposed to P4. In addition, T and NK cell levels were restored, as were high IFN-γ levels, in a leukemic environment when P4 was co-cultured with cytosine β-D-arabinofuranoside. Interestingly, the frequency of regulatory T cells was significantly decreased by P4, implying that the peptide plays a role in modulating the tumor niche.
Conclusion: Overall, we demonstrated the therapeutic value of functionally modulating lymphocytes using a peptide targeting FLT4 and propose the development of advanced therapeutic approaches against AML by using immune cells.
A high-throughput methodology for the efficient isolation of highly pure extracellular vesicles from skeletal muscle myoblasts
Authors: Fernández-Rhodes María , Adlou Bahman , Williams Soraya , Jalal Aveen R. , Lewis Mark P. , Davies Owen G. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Skeletal muscle extracellular vesicles (SM-EVs) regulate gene expression events in myogenic differentiation. Optimising effective SM-EV isolation methods offering high levels of purity will be important to accurately define their composition and functionality. Size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) applied in combination with ultrafiltration (UF) has the potential to increase sample throughput, scalability and selectivity. However, an optimal UF+SEC methodology has not been tested for the isolation of myotube derived EVs. Our aim was to compare two different UF protocols and define an optimal window of SEC fractions to maximise SM-EVs recovery and sample purity.
Methods: C2C12 myotube conditioned medium was pre-concentrated using Amicon® Ultra 15 or Vivaspin®20, 100KDa UF columns and processed by SEC (IZON, qEV 70nm). The resulting thirty fractions obtained were individually analysed to identify an optimal fraction window for EV recovery.
Results: EV markers Alix and TSG101 could be detected up to fraction 13, while CD9 and Annexin A2 only up to fraction 6. ApoA1+ lipoprotein contaminants were detected from fraction 6 onwards for both protocols. Amicon and Vivaspin UF preconcentration protocols led to qualitative and quantitative variations in EV marker profiles and purity. Eliminating lipoprotein co-isolation by reducing the SEC fraction window resulted in a net loss of particles, but increased measures of sample purity and had only a negligible impact on the presence of EV marker proteins.
Conclusion: In conclusion, this study developed optimal UF+SEC protocols for the isolation of SM-EVs based on sample purity (fractions 1-5) and total abundance (fractions 2-10). The resulting protocols will be valuable in isolating highly pure SM-EV preparations for biomarker studies.
Optimization, Evaluation and Delivery of Genistein Loaded Long Circulating Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Treatment of Cancer Melanoma Cells
Authors: Dewangan Hitesh Kumar , Maurya Lakshmi , Sharma Rajiv , Shah Kamal , Soni Surbhi , Singh Sanjay 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Genistien is a soy isoflavone phytoestrogen, BCS class IV drug that has been efficacious for treatment of melanoma. Therefore, prepared Genistien loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (GEN-NLCs) for controlled and target delivery to melanoma cells. GEN-NLCs were formulated by solvent diffusion method applied Thogonal Taguchi optimization. Prepared GEN-NLCs were characterized by their physicochemical quality like particle size, zeta potential, morphology (SEM and AFM), entrapment efficiency, in-vitro release, and incompatibility studied such as DSC, and XRD. In-vitro anticancer and cellular uptake studies were accomplished in MTT assay method and A-375 melanoma cell-line by fluorescence-microscopy technique. Nanogel was prepared by incorporating optimized batch of GEN-NLC in methocel and evaluated for particle size and mechanical properties, In-vitro and ex- vivo occlusion studies, in-vitro release and ex-vivo human cadaver skin permeation and retention studies. Prepared GEN-NLCs were found to be a smooth surface with particle size 189.90±2.45 nm, 89.50±4.52% EE, -14.98±1.4mV zeta potential, and sustained release. MTT assay revealed that nanoparticles were 15.37 times more effective against melanoma as compared to pristine drugs. There was no significant change in texture profile of nanogel after incorporating GEN-NLC. Moreover, a significant increase in occlusivity was observed with occlusion factor almost 3.75 times more than control gel at end of 24 h. Ex-vivo studies further confirmed decrease in flux across skin i.e. sustained release pattern of GEN from hydrogel and increased hydration and retention in epidermis. Therefore, topical delivery of GEN-NLC loaded gel showed potential delivery system to target skin epidermis for melanoma cancer cells with enhanced efficacy.
Supplement of probiotics improves the meat output and quality of near maturity yellow-feathered broilers
Authors: Peng Hao , Yin Yangyan , Pei Zhe , Wei Tianchao , Li Jun , Li Xiaoning , Li Changting , Bai Huili , Ma Chunxia , Gong Yu , Liao Yuyin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
To investigate effects of Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus subtilis as feed additives on the growth performance of near maturity yellow-feathered broilers. A total of 75 100-day-old hens were randomly divided into five groups. 1% of L.plantarum(P-group), B.subtilis (B-group), a 1:1 mixture of both strains(PB-group), or commercial probiotic production（M-group）were added into the drinking water at a concentration of 1.5x109 cfu/mL respectively. The control group was fed basal diet. Our results showed that L.plantarum could increase the intestinal enzyme activity of broilers, while decreasing the plasma MDA content, increasing the ALB and TP content, decreasing the plasma AST content, increasing the concentrations of plasma IgA and CD8 molecules, improving the jejunum structure. Meanwhile, B.subtilis increased the concentration of plasma AST and CD8 molecules of broilers. Additionally, B.subtilis also increases the plasma GSH-Px content, but not affecting the plasma biochemical indexes. And increases the plasma IgG and GSH-Px contents and the VCR ratio also improved in M-group. Additionally, the methionine content in thoracic muscle was increased in all groups. But only adding probiotics groups increase the relative abundance of broiler intestinal phylum Synechococcus and Phylum Firmicutes while decreasing the relative abundance of Enterococcus spp. Our results showed that adding probiotics could improve the meat output and quality. It might also be necessary to optimize the feeding conditions by selecting specific strains according to different effects of those probiotics, and to evaluate the best viable number of probiotics which survives in broiler guts to balance the cost and the effort.