bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Derivation of sex and age-specific reference intervals for clinical chemistry analytes in healthy Ghanaian adults
Authors: Bawua Serwaa Akoto , Ichihara Kiyoshi , Keatley Rosemary , Arko-Mensah John , Ayeh-Kumi Patrick F. , Erasmus Rajiv , Fobil Julius 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objectvies
This study is aimed at establishing reference intervals (RIs) of 40 chemistry and immunochemistry analytes for Ghanaian adults based on internationally harmonized protocol by IFCC Committee on Reference Intervals and Decision Limits (C-RIDL).

Methods
A total of 501 healthy volunteers aged ≥18 years were recruited from the northern and southern regions of Ghana. Blood samples were analyzed with Beckman-Coulter AU480 and Centaur-XP/Siemen auto-analyzers. Sources of variations of reference values (RVs) were evaluated by multiple regression analysis (MRA). The need for partitioning RVs by sex and age was guided by the SD ratio (SDR). The RI for each analyte was derived using parametric method with application of the latent abnormal values exclusion (LAVE) method.

Results
Using SDR≥0.4 as threshold, RVs were partitioned by sex for most enzymes, creatinine, uric acid (UA), bilirubin, immunoglobulin-M. MRA revealed age and body mass index (BMI) as major source of variations of many analytes. LAVE lowered the upper limits of RIs for alanine/aspartate aminotransferase, γ-glutamyl transaminase and lipids. Exclusion of individuals with BMI≥30 further lowered the RIs for lipids and CRP. After standardization based on value-assigned serum panel provided by C-RIDL, Ghanaian RIs were found higher for creatine kinase, amylase, and lower for albumin and urea compared to other collaborating countries.

Conclusions
The LAVE effect on many clinical chemistry RIs supports the need for the secondary exclusion for reliable derivation of RIs. The differences in Ghanaian RIs compared to other countries underscore the importance of country specific-RIs for improved clinical decision making.
‘Penelope test’: a practical instrument for checking appropriateness of laboratory tests
Authors: Caruso Simone , Szoke Dominika , Panteghini Mauro 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In medical laboratories, the appropriateness challenge directly revolves around the laboratory test and its proper selection, data analysis, and result reporting. However, laboratories have also a role in the appropriate management of those phases of total testing process (TTP) that traditionally are not under their direct control. So that, the laboratory obligation to act along the entire TTP is now widely accepted in order to achieve better care management. Because of the large number of variables involved in the overall TTP structure, it is difficult to monitor appropriateness in real time. However, it is possible to retrospectively reconstruct the body of the clinical process involved in the management of a specific laboratory test to track key passages that may be defective or incomplete in terms of appropriateness. Here we proposed an appropriateness check-list scheme along the TTP chain to be potentially applied to any laboratory test. This scheme consists of a series of questions that healthcare professionals should answer to achieve laboratory test appropriateness. In the system, even a single lacking answer may compromise the integrity of all appropriateness evaluation process as the inability to answer may involve a significant deviation from the optimal trajectory, which compromise the test appropriateness and the quality of subsequent steps. Using two examples of the check-list application, we showed that the proposed instrument may offer an objective help to avoid inappropriate use of laboratory tests in an integrated way involving both laboratory professionals and user clinicians.
Distance learning: an interdisciplinary experiment on Rayleigh scattering
Authors: Pérez-Vallejo Hortensia Natalia , Contreras-Ruiz Marco Antonio , Ibanez Jorge G. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
As a result of social distancing measures in response to the Covid-Sars 2 pandemic, our school sent chemistry kits to the students’ homes for remote experimentation. This allowed the performance of ∼25 experiments per person in each of the Fall 2020 and Spring 2021 semesters in an elective chemistry course. Students were requested to design some experiments of their own and then have the entire group reproduce them. One such experiment consisted of the anodic indirect electrogeneration of colloidal sulfur by solution acidification to produce thiosulfate disproportionation. This was evidenced by the well-known Rayleigh scattering phenomenon. Here, the trajectory and polarization state of light are modified by its interaction with a medium containing particles of smaller diameter than the wavelengths of incident light. If white light interacts with this medium, the smaller wavelengths (e.g., blue, violet) are radially scattered while the longer wavelengths (e.g., orange, red) pass through the suspension. Such scattering is responsible for beautiful sunsets and blue skies and is produced here by an indirect electrochemical process that generates colloidal sulfur. Students evidence the scattering of light shone from simple cell phone flashlights. The entire procedure is performed in a 2-h class session. Key student outcomes are presented.
Finiteness of meromorphic mappings from a complete Kähler manifold into a projective space
Authors: Thoan Pham Duc , Tuyen Nguyen Dang , Vangty Noulorvang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to prove the finiteness theorems for meromorphic mappings of a complete connected Kähler manifold into a projective space sharing few hyperplanes in subgeneral position without counting multiplicity, where all zeros with multiplicities more than a certain number are omitted.
Our results are extensions and generalizations of some recent ones.
A green approach in the biological base oil process
Authors: Tran Thi Hong , Diem-Do Quy , Huynh Quyen , Phan Minh Tan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This article presents a green approach in the biological base oil synthesis from catfish fat by-product using the hydrodynamic cavitation technique. The effects of parameters on the yield of reaction were investigated. The application of the cavitation technique has improved the process efficiency significantly. The catfish polyester oil yield reached at high value (94.6%) at the inlet pressure of 60 psi, the molar ratio of acetic anhydride/epoxy of 1.25/1, 85°C, and only 10 min, and also under these reaction conditions, magnetic stirring technique could only give the limited yield of catfish oil polyester of 12%. The results of Fourier transform infrared resonance, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and 13C NMR analyses and characteristic properties of materials and products have demonstrated that the chemical structure of polyester catfish oil was triglyceride chains containing saturated alkyl R chains and branched by methyl ester functional groups and the polyester catfish oil has met the quality standards of SN150 and SN500 mineral base oils. It could be said that the biological base oil process from catfish fat by-products under the assistance of cavitation techniques would develop sustainably.
Continuous intraoperative neuromonitoring of the recurrent laryngeal nerve by eliciting the laryngeal adductor reflex (LAR-CIONM)
Authors: Sinclair Catherine F. , Tellez Maria J. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The laryngeal adductor reflex (LAR) is a life-sustaining airway protective mechanism that serves to shield the lower airways from inhaled foreign bodies. Over the past half century, the LAR has been extensively investigated and its dysfunction has been linked to far-ranging pathologies, from dysphagia to sudden infant death syndrome. Over the past 6 years, specific electromyographic waves in the LAR response have been used to devise a methodology for monitoring the vagus and recurrently laryngeal nerves during surgical procedures. This methodology involves continuous intraoperative neuromonitoring of the laryngeal adductor reflex and isthus termed ‘LAR-CIONM’. In this review paper, the physiology of the LAR will be summarized as it relates to LAR-CIONM and the technique of LAR-CIONM will be described. Applications of this technique and published outcomes of LAR-CIONM will be highlighted.
Design considerations for representing systems biology information with the Systems Biology Graphical Notation
Authors: Schreiber Falk , Czauderna Tobias 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Visual representations are commonly used to explore, analyse, and communicate information and knowledge in systems biology and beyond. Such visualisations not only need to be accurate but should also be aesthetically pleasing and informative. Using the example of the Systems Biology Graphical Notation (SBGN) we will investigate design considerations for graphically presenting information from systems biology, in particular regarding the use of glyphs for types of information, the style of graph layout for network representation, and the concept of bricks for visual network creation.
Effect of supplementation with 5,000 IU of vitamin D on the glycemic profile of women with gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Camarena Pulido Eva Elizabet , Mora González Salvador , Corona Gutiérrez América Aime , Robledo Aceves Mireya , Basso Barba Paola , Salgado Leyva Yunuen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The frequency of GDM and vitamin D insufficiency in Mexico is high. Vitamin D supplementation in GDM patients has shown favorable but non-homogeneous results regarding improvement of glycemic profile. The aim of the study was to assess the effects of supplementing with 5,000 IU of vitamin D on the glycemic profile of women with GDM.

Methods
A randomized clinical trial was conducted on women with GDM who received 5,000 IU of vitamin D (n=27) or a placebo (n=27) for eight weeks. Changes in vitamin D levels and metabolic parameters before and after the intervention were analyzed.

Results
Vitamin D vs. placebo: 25-OHD (32 vs. 26 ng/mL, p=0.006), HbA1c (6.0 vs. 6.1%, p=0.29), glucose (99 vs. 87 mg/dL, p=0.29), insulin (14 vs. 13 µIU/mL, p=0.79), HOMA-IR (3.6 vs. 2.6, p=0.55), QUICKI (0.31 vs. 0.33, p=0.55).

Conclusions
Supplementation with 5,000 IU of vitamin D for eight weeks had no significant effect on the glycemic profile.
Crystal structure of 1,1′-(1,2-ethanediyl)bis(pyridin-1-ium) bis(1,2-dicyanoethene-1,2-dithiolato-κ2
S:S)zinc(II), C20H14N6ZnS4
Authors: Liu Xue-Guo , Chen Wan-Yao 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
C20H14N6ZnS4, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 8.5063(13) Å, b = 12.3254(19) Å, c = 21.843(3) Å, β = 96.550(2)°, V = 2275.1(6) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0288, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0751, T = 293(2) K.
Functional role of the anterior olfactory nucleus in sensory information processing
Authors: Medinaceli Quintela Renata , Brunert Daniela , Rothermel Markus 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Olfaction, despite being evolutionarily one of the oldest senses, is complex in structure and function. It can distinguish between trillions of odorants, provides orientation, mediates social interactions, and serves as a warning system. Sensory signals from the periphery are first processed in the olfactory bulb (OB) and then distributed to several olfactory cortical structures. Unlike other sensory modalities, this primary sensory information is not relayed via the thalamus. One prominent olfactory cortical region is the anterior olfactory nucleus (AON), a two-layered structure located within the olfactory peduncle. The AON exerts strong reciprocal connections not only to the OB but also to higher brain areas, e.g., the piriform cortex (PCx), thereby serving as a hub for bottom-up and top-down information processing. However, the functional role of the AON is not well-understood. Here, we provide an overview of recent publications investigating the function of AON in olfactory processing and behavior and present a framework for future research on this fascinating archicortical structure.
A comparative study of the elasto-plastic properties for ceramic nanocomposites filled by graphene or graphene oxide nanoplates
Authors: Ma Lian-Hua , Zhang Kun , Pan Xiao-Dong , Zhou Wei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
As nanoscale reinforcements, the graphene and graphene oxide nanoplates exhibit distinct mechanical and physical properties. The determination of the effective elasto-plastic behavior of nanoplate/ceramic nanocomposites and the different filling effects of graphene and graphene oxide nanoplate deserve systematic investigation. In this work, we intend to uncover how the graphene and graphene oxide nanoplates affect the macroscopic elasto-plastic characteristics of ceramic matrix nanocomposites and what differences in both nanoplates enhancements. A homogenization model is first utilized for determining the effective elastic parameters of nanoplate/ceramic composite with a perfect interface. Then the slightly weakened interface model is introduced to characterize the sliding effects of nanoplates in a ceramic matrix, and the effective elastic parameters of such nanoplates filled composites incorporating the interfacial sliding effects are explicitly formulated. Furthermore, a nonlinear micromechanics model is developed to investigate the macroscopic elastoplasticity and the yield behavior of graphene and graphene oxide nanoplate-filled ceramic nanocomposites subjected to confining pressure. The filling effects of the two kinds of nanoplates on the mechanical properties of such nanocomposite are comparatively examined. The calculated results demonstrate that types of the nanoplates and the imperfect interfaces between nanoplates and ceramic matrix have significant influences on the effective elasto-plastic behaviors of the nanoplate composites.
Digital quantification of somatostatin receptor subtype 2a immunostaining: a validation study
Authors: Campana Claudia , van Koetsveld Peter M , Feelders Richard A , de Herder Wouter W , Iyer Anand M , van Velthuysen Marie-Louise F , Veenstra Marije J , van den Dungen Elisabeth S R , Franck Sanne E , Ferone Diego , Gatto Federico , Hofland Leo J 
Published: July 2022

Objective
The aim of this study was to develop an open-source and reproducible digital quantitative analysis (DIA) of somatostatin receptor subtype 2a (SST2) staining in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (panNETs) and growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary adenomas (GHomas).

Design
SST2 immunostaining of 18 panNETs and 39 GHomas was assessed using a novel DIA protocol and compared with a widely used semi-quantitative immunoreactivity score (IRS).

Methods
The DIA software calculates the staining intensity/area and the percentage of positive cells (%PC). Four representative images were selected for each sample by two independent selectors (S1 and S2), with the analysis performed by two independent analyzers (A1 and A2). Agreement between observers was calculated using the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC).

Results
In panNETs, the CCC ranged 0.935–0.977 for intensity/area and 0.942–0.983 for %PC. In GHomas, the CCC ranged 0.963–0.997 for intensity/area and 0.979–0.990 for %PC. In both panNETs and GHomas, the DIA staining intensity was strongly correlated with the IRS (Spearman rho: 0.916–0.969, P < 0.001), as well as the DIA %PC with the IRS %PC (Spearman rh: 0.826–0.881, P < 0.001). In GHomas, the biochemical response to somatostatin receptor ligands correlated with SST2 expression, evaluated both as DIA intensity/area (Spearman rho: −0.448 to −0.527, P = 0.007–0.004) and DIA %PC (Spearman rho: −0.558 to −0.644, P ≤ 0.001).

Conclusions
The DIA has an excellent inter-observer agreement and showed a strong correlation with the widely used semi-quantitative IRS. The DIA protocol is an open-source, highly reproducible tool and provides a reliable quantitative evaluation of SST2 immunohistochemistry.
Printed Music as a Medium of International Representation for the Magnates of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania: A Case Study of Music Prints Dedicated to Jan Karol Chodkiewicz and Aleksander Chodkiewicz
Authors: Pister Aleksandra 
Published: July 2022

The article deals with the collections of printed music dedicated to the distinguished nobles, statesmen and military commanders of the Grand Dutchy of Lithuania, brothers Jan Karol and Aleksander Chodkiewicz. These collections were printed in Venice in the beginning of the 17th century and dedicated to the Lithuanian magnates by Italian composers Giovanni Valentini and Giulio Osculati. However, it was not in their home country where composers became acquainted with the above-mentioned noblemen who had studied and travelled extensively in Italy but in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. In fact, both composers had served for certain periods of time as musicians in the Polish court chapel under Sigismund III Vasa. The said collections of motets are being examined here with an emphasis on publicity and international representation. The author notes that besides the reasonable expectations of both Italian composers to raise their public profiles, to publish and disseminate their work in Europe, these personal aspirations also resonated with the interests of other public figures. They both represent Sigismund III Vasa, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, as a generous patron and a leading social figure. The dedications were intended to glorify the Chodkiewicz and raise their profile within the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and beyond. They account for the magnates’ victories in major military campaigns of the time, such as those achieved during the Polish–Swedish war of 1600–1611, as well as Chodkiewicz’s merits in defence of the state. Within the context of shifting confessional identities at the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries (i.e. the Reformation and the Counter-Reformation movements) these notated sources should be considered as a reflection of the magnates’ confessional identity. The very genre of printed works – motets for Catholic church service – reflects Chodkiewicz’s firm self-determination as Roman Catholics.
STUDENTS' DESCRIPTIVE WRITING PERFORMANCES IN ONLINE ENGLISH LANGUAGE CLASSROOM
Authors: Hamid Farida , Zulfa Siti , Ariwibowo Tungky , Husna Nida , Hidayat Didin Nuruddin 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTDuring the Covid-19 situation, the online classroom activities assist teachers and students in achieving the learning objectives. The objectives of this study were to know students' performances and obstacles in the online descriptive writing English language classroom. The qualitative method was used as the research design. The data were collected through open-ended questionnaires, semi-interviews, and documents. The study involved one teacher and 30 students in senior high school through purposive sampling. The results indicated that students' performances were mostly good in the online descriptive writing learning activities following their high motivation and great attitude to participate in the online classroom. However, some problems persisted, such as a lack of vocabulary and confusion in generic structure text and grammatical use. In addition, the internet connection has become the main problem supporting students' performance during online classroom activities. Hence, adding more supporting and proper activities that can be applied online is needed. ABSTRAKSelama Covid-19, kegiatan kelas online membantu guru dan siswa untuk mencapai tujuan pembelajaran. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kinerja siswa dan hambatan dalam menulis deskriptif online kelas bahasa Inggris. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui angket terbuka, semi wawancara, dan dokumen. Penelitian ini melibatkan satu orang guru dan 30 siswa SMA melalui purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja siswa sebagian besar baik dalam kegiatan pembelajaran menulis deskriptif online karena motivasi tinggi dan sikap mereka yang baik untuk berpartisipasi dalam kelas online. Namun, beberapa masalah masih tetap ada seperti kurangnya kosa kata dan kebingungan dalam memahami struktur teks umum dan penggunaan tata bahasa. Selain itu, koneksi internet menjadi kendala utama untuk menunjang kinerja siswa selama kegiatan kelas online. Oleh karena itu, sangat penting untuk menambah lebih banyak kegiatan yang mendukung dan tepat yang dapat diterapkan melalui online sangat diperlukan.
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN THE STRATEGY INVENTORY FOR LANGUAGE LEARNING (SILL)
Authors: Nur Serliah , Yusuf Faidah 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTThis research investigates the learning strategies used by English as a foreign language (EFL) students and gender differences in the strategy inventory for language learning (SILL) in Indonesia. To gather the data, this study employed quantitative descriptive methods with a Google form-based questionnaire involving 110 college students, and the data were analysed using SPSS 25. The fifty items of the questionnaire were divided into six strategies: memory strategy, cognitive strategy, metacognitive strategy, compensation strategy, emotion strategy, and social strategy. Findings of the study indicate that the students use all the strategies in learning English, and all these strategies are in a high level of use except for memory strategy which is in a moderate level. Gender differences data show that most male students preferred the social strategy (36%), whereas most female students preferred metacognitive strategy (56.47%) suggesting that male and female students have different learning styles. The results of this research shed light on the importance of raising teachers’ awareness of their students’ diversity in learning strategies. Thus, teachers should improve their repertoire of teaching techniques and strategies to meet students’ different learning styles in the classroom. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini menyelidiki strategi pembelajaran yang digunakan oleh siswa bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa asing (EFL) dan perbedaan gender dalam inventarisasi strategi untuk pembelajaran bahasa (SILL) di Indonesia. Untuk mengumpulkan data, penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan kuesioner berbasis Google form yang melibatkan 110 mahasiswa, dan data dianalisis menggunakan SPSS 25. Lima puluh item kuesioner dibagi menjadi enam strategi: strategi memori, strategi kognitif, strategi metakognitif. strategi, strategi kompensasi, strategi emosi, dan strategi sosial. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa menggunakan semua strategi dalam belajar bahasa Inggris, dan semua jenis strategi berada di tingkat tinggi kecuali strategi memori yang berada di tingkat sedang. Data perbedaan gender menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar siswa laki-laki lebih menyukai strategi sosial (36%), sedangkan sebagian besar siswa perempuan lebih menyukai strategi metakognitif (56,47%) menunjukkan bahwa siswa laki-laki dan perempuan memiliki gaya belajar yang berbeda secara signifikan. Hasil penelitian ini menyoroti pentingnya meningkatkan kesadaran guru tentang keragaman siswa mereka dalam strategi pembelajaran. Dengan demikian, guru harus meningkatkan repertoar teknik dan strategi pengajaran mereka untuk memenuhi gaya belajar siswa yang berbeda di kelas.