bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Lycopene on Selected Electrolytes in Sprague Dawley Rats Exposed to Dimethoate
Authors: Obulor Adetutu Olubunmi , Orlu Efioanwan Eme 
Published: May 2022

Aim: This study was aimed at evaluating the effect of lycopene on some selected electrolytes in Sprague Dawley rats exposed to Dimethoate.
Experimental Design: A completely randomized experimental design using standard methods for analysis.
Location and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in the Department of Biology, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education Rumuolumeni, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. GPS 4o48ʹ14ʹʹ N 6o59ʹ12ʹʹ E. The study lasted for 28days.
Methodology: Thirty male rats were randomly selected into five (5) groups A-E (n=6/group). Groups B, C and D recieved 10,20 and 30 mg/kg/bw/day of dimethoate respectively co-administered 10mg/kg/bw of lycopene daily. Group E were administered 30mg/kg/bw/day of dimethoate without lycopene. All animals were allowed access to cool clean water and standard rat pellet ad libitum. Twenty-four hours to the termination of the experiment, feed was withdrawn from the animals. Blood samples for electrolytes analysis were collected through ocular puncture between the hours of 7:00am and 9:00am into plain sample tubes according to the approved protocol of blood collection techniques, while statistical analysis was carried out using one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and expressed as their respective units using SPSS 20 software.
Results: Result showed a significant (P=0.05) increase in the concentrations of sodium, calcium, potassium and bicarbonate with increase in the concurrent administration of lycopene. The highest concentration of all electrolytes was observed at the concentration of 30mg/kg/bw/day with coadministration of lycopene. Administration of lycopene at the concentration of 10mg/kg/bw appeared not to have any significant effect on production of electrolytes since all the electrolytes assessed increased with increased concentration of the pesticides. However, further work is required to make any conclusive statement with lycopene effect on electrolyte.
Effectiveness of Some Bio-pesticides in Managing Major Lepidopteran Insect Pests of Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.)
Authors: Choyon Md. Masudunnabi , Akhter N. , Rahman M. M. , Hossain Md. Emam 
Published: May 2022

Aims: The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of some bio-pesticides applied against major insect pests of cabbage.
Study Design: With three replications, the experiment was set up in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD).
Place and Duration of Study: The experiment took place in the Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University's experimental field in Dhaka, Bangladesh, from October 2019 to January 2020.
Methodology: Seven treatments, viz. T1 (Abamectin 1.2EC @ 1 ml/L of water); T2 (Azadirachtin 1EC @ 1 ml/L of water); T3 (Potassium salt of fatty acid @ 1 ml/L of water); T4 (Spinosad 45SC @ 1 ml/L of water); T5 (Bacillus thuringiensis @ 1 ml/L of water); T6 (Abamectin + Bacillus thuringiensis @ 1 ml/L of water) and T7 (untreated control) were used. All the treatments were applied at ten days interval.
Results: Among the management practices, the lowest mean leaf infestation by cabbage caterpillar (6.00 leaves/5 plants) and diamondback moth larvae (4.48 leaves/5 plants) was found in Spinosad treated plot that reduced the highest leaf infestation over control (62.02% and 49.85 % respectively); whereas the highest infestation by cabbage caterpillar (15.80 leaves/5 plants) and diamondback moth larvae (8.93 leaves/5 plants) was found in un-treated plot. The lowest cabbage head infestation (21.37%) was recorded in Spinosad treatment, that gave the highest yield of cabbage (36.40 t/ha) followed by Abamectin (34.07 t/ha).
Conclusion: From the above study it was found that, the treatment T4 comprised of Spinosad 45SC @ 1 ml/L of water at 10 days interval produced the highest performance compared to all other treatments used under the present study.
CHA2DS2-VASc-HSF Score as a Predictor of Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography
Authors: El-Deeb Maher El-Sayed , Mostafa Dina Abd-El-Salam , El-Gindy Ihab Abdel Latif , Badr Seham Fahmy 
Published: May 2022

Background: Cardiovascular atherosclerosis, particularly coronary artery disease (CAD), represents the main reason for death prematurely over the world. Risk stratification and prevention by risk factor modification are crucial aspects of CAD therapy. The CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc scores are effective in determining the risk of thrombosis in non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF). The current research aimed to determine the CHA2 DS2-VASc-HSF score as a predictor for CAD severity in CAD patients after coronary angiography.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was assessed on 100 patients who attended the coronary care unit and underwent coronary angiography. They were categorised into three groups: Group I: Low syntax scores (2-13), Group II: Intermediate syntax score (14-20), and Group III: High syntax score (21-40).
Results: Our study showed that the SYNTAX score revealed a statistically significant relation with patient's age, gender, and presentation. Regarding the medical history of the studied participant in relation to SYNTAX score, most patients reported a history of HTN, DM, Dyslipidemia, CHF, and previous history of vascular disease showed intermediate and high SYNTAX score in comparison to those with normal blood pressure, glucose level, lipid profile, no CHF history and those no previous history. SYNTAX score showed significant relation with ejection fraction and CHA2 DS2-VASc-HSF score of the patient. Significant low ejection fraction in high SYNTAX score patients compared to low SYNTAX score patients. Significant high average of CHA2 DS2-VASc-HSF score among those with high and intermediate SYNTAX score compared to those with low SYNTAX score.
Conclusions: CHA2DS2-VASc-HSF should be constituted as the ideal scoring scheme for predicting the severity of CAD. Risk scoring systems may be effective as predictors due to their simplicity and easy employment by physicians in ordinary practice without incurring additional costs.
Studies on Transmission of Phytoplasma in Sesame
Authors: Revathi K. , Prasad K. V. H. , Chalam M. S. V. , Reddy B. V. B. , Reddy B. R. 
Published: May 2022

The experiment was conducted to artificially transmit phytoplasma, the causal organism of sesame phyllody by mechanical sap inoculation and with insect vectors (Orosius albicinctus and Hishimonus phycitis). The experimental findings revealed that the phytoplasma could not be transmitted by sap inoculation. The mean transmission rate was found to be 54.67 per cent, with the highest rate of phyllody transmission (93.33%) observed in both treatments T8 and T9 with 3 insects/plant + 7 Days of Acquisition Feeding (DAF) + 5 Days of Inoculation Feeding (DIF) and 3 insects/plant + 7 DAF+ 7 DIF, respectively, while the lowest was observed in the treatment T1 with 3 insects/plant + 3 DAF+ 3 DIF (13.3%) phyllody transmission from infected to healthy sesame plants. All the treatments were found to be statistically significant over control, however, the treatments T8 and T9 with three insects/plant and with acquisition feeding period of 7 days and inoculation feeding of 5 and 7 days, respectively were found to be at par with each other statistically.
Physicochemical, Nutritional and Biochemical Impact of Cow dung on heavy metal Polluted Quarry Mining Site. A Case Study of Ishiagu Mining Site
Authors: Onyema C. T. , Osuoha K. , Osuoha J. O. , Iwueke A. V. , Ejileugha C. 
Published: May 2022

The present study evaluated physicochemical, nutritional and biochemical impact of cow dung on heavy metal polluted quarry mining site using standard analytical methods. Physicochemical results shows an increase in soil pH, temperature and other physicochemical parameters in the mining site relative to control (P≤0.05). Nutritional studies shows increase in vitamin, mineral and phytochemical composition of vegetables treated with cow dung while biochemical assay indicates a reduction in high density lipoprotein as well as liver enzyme concentrations compared to control (P≤0.05). Findings from this study reveals the nontoxic potentials of these vegetables planted in cow dung amended soils. This also indicates these vegetables when grown in cow dung amended soils have reduced phytoaccumulation potentials to heavy metals. This however may be due to nutrient availability and hence we recommend that cow dung may be a remediating, non-phytotoxic agent in heavy metal polluted sites.
Improving Short Story Writing Ability Using Experiential Learning Model for Class 11th Student of Smk Maarif Pringsewu during The Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Vurnianti Alista , Samhati Siti , Sunarti Iing 
Published: May 2022

Aims: One alternative to solving problems in improving writing skills in class XI students at Maarif Pringsewu Vocational School during the covid-19 pandemic is to implement an experience-based learning model. The purpose of this research is to improve students' ability to write short stories using experiential learning models during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Study Design: This research is classroom action research (CAR) which is carried out in three cycles. The subjects in this study were class XI students of SMK Ma'arif Pringsewu, Pringsewu Regency as many as 21 students. The place of this research is SMK Ma'arif Pringsewu, Pringsewu Regency. In cycles I, II, and II the researchers applied the experiential learning model. The data collections technique in this study used observation, documentation and writing test. The analysis technique in this study used quantitative by distribution frequency.
Results: The experiential learning model could improve students' ability to write short stories. The increase in students' ability to write short stories can be seen from the level of mastery of students who reach MPC 75 in learning to write short stories in the first cycle as many as 2 students (9.5%), in the second cycle students who reach MPC 75 increase by 13 students (61.9%) and in the third cycle, students who achieved MPC 75 increased by 19 students (90.5%) or had succeeded in achieving the expected target, which was > 75% of the total number of students.
The influence of prior knowledge on inexperienced interviewers' questioning of children
Authors: Price Heather L. , Ornstein Peter A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThirty‐eight interviewers with no prior investigative interviewing experience questioned school‐aged children (N = 68, aged 6–10 years) about a personally experienced event. These interviewers relied primarily on question types that are not recommended by interviewing guidelines. Providing interviewers with misleading prior knowledge exacerbated this negative questioning style by significantly increasing the likelihood of suggestive questioning, compared to interviewers who received only vague background information. These findings, coupled with the infiltration of prior knowledge into some children's testimonies, raise concerns about the natural questioning styles to which children are exposed when interviewed by adults who are not trained in forensic interviewing.
Maintaining intimacy during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Wolf Tabea , Nusser Lisa 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe present study investigated whether autobiographical memories serve to maintain feelings of intimacy in times of social isolation that result from the restrictions related to the COVID‐19 pandemic. Data came from 104 young and older adults who reported three important and three social memories, that is, memories about someone the participants were unable to meet because of the pandemic‐related restrictions. Our findings support that social memories more frequently serve intimacy functions than important memories do, and this difference is more pronounced for older compared to young adults. Moreover, social loneliness is associated with less frequent use of important memories for intimacy functions, whereas emotional loneliness shows a positive association. Results are discussed in terms of what type of memories can be used to maintain intimacy feelings across age groups and regarding qualitative and quantitative aspects of loneliness that differently predict the use of memories for intimacy functions.
Spherulitic Crystal Growth Drives Mineral Deposition Patterns in Collagen‐Based Materials
Authors: Macías‐Sánchez Elena , Tarakina Nadezda V. , Ivanov Danail , Blouin Stéphane , Berzlanovich Andrea M. , Fratzl Peter 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe formation of the hard tissues that provide support and mobility to organisms is achieved through the interplay of inorganic crystals and an organic framework composed of collagen and a small percentage of non‐collagenous proteins. Despite their clinical relevance, the mechanisms governing mineralization of the extracellular matrix are still poorly understood. By using 3D electron tomography and high‐resolution electron microscopy imaging and spectroscopy, it has been demonstrated that mineralization proceeds through a spherulitic‐like crystal growth process. First, aggregates of disordered crystals form in the interfibrillar spaces, which lead to the mineralization of adjacent fibrils. Mineral propagates steadily through the inter‐ and intrafibrillar spaces of the collagen structure forming layered spherulites that grow to confluence. The structure of the collagen fibrils serves as a protein scaffold to guide the formation of a myriad of platelet‐shaped crystallites that make up each of these spherulites. At their periphery, nanosized unmineralized areas remain, leading to the formation of the characteristic lacy pattern observed in the transversal cross‐section of mature calcified tissues. This study provides fundamental insights into the bone formation process and represents a potential strategy for complex materials design.
Computational DNA Droplets Recognizing miRNA Sequence Inputs Based on Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation
Authors: Gong Jing , Tsumura Nozomi , Sato Yusuke , Takinoue Masahiro 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPhase‐separated biomolecular droplets are formed in cells to regulate various biological processes. This phenomenon can be applied to constructing self‐assembled dynamic molecular systems such as artificial cells and molecular robots. Recently, programmable phase‐separated droplets called DNA droplets have been reported as a possible method to construct such dynamic molecular systems. This study reports a computational DNA droplet that can recognize a specific combination of tumor biomarker microRNAs (miRNAs) as molecular inputs and output a DNA logic computing result by physical DNA droplet phase separation. A mixed DNA droplet consisting of three DNA nanostructures with orthogonal sticky‐end sequences and two linker DNAs to cross‐bridge the orthogonal DNA nanostructures is proposed. By the hybridization of miRNAs with the linkers, the cross‐bridging ability is lost, causing the phase‐separation of the mixed DNA droplet into three DNA droplets, resulting in executing a miRNA pattern recognition described by a logical expression ((miRNA‐1 ∧ miRNA‐2) ∧ (miRNA‐3 ∧ ¬miRNA‐4)). This experimentally demonstrates that the computational DNA droplets recognize the above specific pattern of chemically synthesized miRNA sequences as a model experiment. In the future, this method will provide potential applications such as diagnosis and therapy with integration to biomolecular robots and artificial cells.
Enhanced Dual‐Directional Sulfur Redox via a Biotemplated Single‐Atomic Fe–N2 Mediator Promises Durable Li–S Batteries
Authors: Ding Yifan , Cheng Qiushi , Wu Jianghua , Yan Tianran , Shi Zixiong , Wang Menglei , Yang Dongzi , Wang Peng , Zhang Liang , Sun Jingyu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe lithium–sulfur (Li–S) battery is considered as an appealing candidate for next‐generation electrochemical energy storage systems because of high energy and low cost. Nonetheless, its development is plagued by the severe polysulfide shuttling and sluggish reaction kinetics. Although single‐atom catalysts (SACs) have emerged as a promising remedy to expedite sulfur redox chemistry, the mediocre single‐atom loading, inferior atomic utilization, and elusive catalytic pathway handicap their practical application. To tackle these concerns, in this work, unsaturated Fe single atoms with high loading capacity (≈6.32 wt%) are crafted on a 3D hierarchical C3N4 architecture (3DFeSA‐CN) by means of biotemplated synthesis. By electrokinetic analysis and theoretical calculations, it is uncovered that the 3DFeSA‐CN harnesses robust electrocatalytic activity to boost dual‐directional sulfur redox. As a result, S@3DFeSA‐CN can maintain a durable cyclic performance with a negligible capacity decay rate of 0.031% per cycle over 2000 cycles at 1.0 C. More encouragingly, an assembled Li–S battery with a sulfur loading of 5.75 mg cm−2 can harvest a high areal capacity of 6.18 mAh cm−2. This work offers a promising solution to optimize the carbonaceous support and coordination environment of SACs, thereby ultimately elevating dual‐directional sulfur redox in pragmatic Li–S batteries.
Laser‐Assisted Rapid Fabrication of Large‐Scale Graphene Oxide Transparent Conductors
Authors: Sanati Afsaneh L. , Chambel Alexandre , Lopes Pedro Alhais , Nikitin Timur , Fausto Rui , Tavakoli Mahmoud 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAlthough graphene films are the main candidate for replacing scarce and brittle metal‐oxide transparent conductors, the current challenges on graphene deposition and patterning are severely limiting their commercial application. Here, materials and methods that allow large‐scale, efficient, and low‐cost fabrication of highly transparent conductors in a few minutes are demonstrated. First, a low‐cost graphene oxide (GO) solution through spray coating is deposited, followed by simultaneous reduced graphene oxide reduction and thinning through a low‐cost nanosecond fiber laser. It is shown that a 1064 nm master oscillator power amplifier laser enhances the conductivity of GO coated sample by ≈60 times, with excellent optical transparency of 90%. The laser parameters are adjusted, and creation of various shades of transparency, conductivity, and a full ablation are demonstrated. This way, complex GO‐based circuits can be produced rapidly. Compared to the existing techniques that require chemical vapor deposition, and chemical/thermal reduction, this technique is considerably more accessible, replicable, and can open doors for various applications in optoelectronics, energy storage/harvesting, and sensing. The electrical, chemical, and optical properties of the samples are characterized before and after laser treatment, through optical profilometry, scanning electron microscopy, and (UV, Raman, and energy dispersive X‐ray) spectroscopy and applications in transparent conductors, and laser‐patterned high‐resolution and miniaturized interdigitated sensors are shown.
Laser Processed Magnetite Nanoparticles Embedded on rGO Composites for Efficient Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Sathiyan Krishnamoorthy , Lal Aneena , Borenstein Arie 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe oxygen evolution reaction (OER) plays a key role in the ongoing global search for effective and clean energy sources. Tremendous efforts have been devoted to finding high‐performance electrocatalysts consisting of nonprecious metals. The search is spent, not only on the designing of new materials, but also on the invention of new fabrication techniques. Recently, laser processing has emerged as a promising route to obtain micron‐thick films of highly graphitic carbons. The laser approach enables a fast one‐step synthesis of highly‐dispersed nanoparticles under ambient temperature and pressure conditions. In this work, a laser is used to fabricate magnetite/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composite electrodes as electrocatalysts. The graphitization level can be controlled by tuning different laser parameters. The detailed chemical, structural and morphology characterization, and electrochemical measurements are investigated. With only five atomic percentage metal, the designed magnetite‐rGO electrocatalyst lowers the overpotential by 40 mV at 10 mA cm−2 with a smaller Tafel value (63 mV dec−1). Moreover, these studies demonstrate that magnetite‐rGO nanocomposites are stable OER electrocatalysts with only 13.5% activity reduction after 10 h of chronoamperometric operation. This work combines an efficient nanocomposites fabrication method with important implications for energy‐related applications.
Association of geriatric syndromes in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Soni Nidhi , Banerjee Joyita , Gunasekaran Venugopalan , Saini Mamta , Singh Vishwajeet , Kumar Pramod , Chakrawarty Avinash , Chatterjee Prasun , Dey Aparajit Ballav 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundGeriatric syndromes (GS) are multi‐factorial conditions that make older adults vulnerable to morbidities and poor outcomes. The main objective was to observe the frequency of GS in older patients with COPD.MethodsA case‐control study was conducted in the Geriatric department of a tertiary care hospital in India to evaluate geriatric syndromes including falls, cognitive impairment, frailty, functional impairment, urinary incontinence, malnutrition, and depression in patients with COPD and controls without COPD. The factors having a significant association with the occurrence of these GS in COPD patients were observed.ResultsIn this study, 150 cases and 150 controls were included. The mean age of the participant was 65.85±5.54, with 76% males. Functional impairment, cognitive impairment, frailty, urinary incontinence, and malnutrition were significantly higher in COPD patients. The independent variables which increased the odds of geriatric syndromes were dyspnoea (≥2 mMRC grade) (AOR:3.54,95% CI:1.06‐11.8) and low socioeconomic status (AOR: 4.14, 95% CI: 1.03‐16.54), while male gender showed inverse association (AOR: 0.08,95% CI: 0.01‐0.99).ConclusionGeriatric syndromes are common in older COPD patients, and assessment for them should be done routinely in these patients.
Large‐area vacuum‐treated ZIF‐8 mixed‐matrix membrane for highly efficient methane/nitrogen separation
Authors: Gu Zhenjie , Yang Zibo , Sun Yuxiu , Qiao Zhihua , Zhong Chongli 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDevelopment of materials with excellent separation performances remains an ongoing challenge in methane/nitrogen (CH4/N2) separation science. Herein, a facile and effective method for enhancing CH4 uptake, binding, and CH4/N2 selectivity using the surface‐carbonized and stiffened zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (CSZ) via high‐vacuum‐resistance calcination (HVRC) was demonstrated. Such vacuum‐treated CSZ nanoparticles, with carbonized structures that contain Zn‐rich sites, high stability, and satisfactory compatibility with polymers, were then uniformly mixed with the strong basic polymer polyvinylamine (PVAm) to obtain large‐area mixed‐matrix membranes (1120 cm2, which is ca. 2 pieces of A4‐size paper). Owing to the presence of Zn‐rich sites and amino groups, CH4 molecules were bound more readily to CSZ and PVAm than N2, as confirmed by gas adsorption isotherms and DFT calculations. The obtained MMM modules (ca. 2000 cm2) exhibited outstanding CH4 separation performances at 85 wt% CSZ loading, achieving a CH4 permeance of 7600 GPU and CH4/N2 selectivity of 4.35.
Synthesis of P‐Arylphosphinecarboxamide Derivatives by Addition of N‐Arylphosphinecarboxamides with Aryne Precursors
Authors: Wang Wen‐Peng , Cui Xing‐Hao , Li Ming , Wang Xi‐Cun , Quan Zheng‐Jun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA reliable method for preparing P(III)‐arylphosphinecarboxamide derivatives from N‐arylphosphinecarboxamides and aryne precursors has been developed. This reaction was carried out without transition‐metal catalysts, and a series of unsymmetrically structured phosphinecarboxamide derivatives were obtained under mild conditions. In addition, the reaction is carried out under air atomosphere, and the corresponding P(III)‐aryl phosphinecarboxamide compounds are also stable in air.