bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurement and Prediction of Workplace Exposure to Solar Ultraviolet Radiation in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria
Authors: Yusuf Samson Dauda , Akoso Christopher Chiahemba , Akpa Timothy Chidozie , Lumbi Lucas Williams 
Published: October 2022

Aims: To measure and predict the workplace exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria.
Study Design: Experimental design through area monitoring method and Newton divided interpolation difference method.
Place and Duration of Study: Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State and Department of Physics, Nasarawa State University Keffi, Nigeria, between April and June 2021.
Methodology: Digital broad band meter was used to measure UV irradiance at SRS junction (Traffic light) and Kanshio (construction site) at hourly intervals from 10:00am- 4:00pm. The exposure results were used to derive a predicting function using the Newton Divided Difference Interpolation method and were plotted into MATLAB to generate the predicted results. Also, the UV index was also calculated.
Results: The mean irradiant values were 179.100J/m2 and 173.53J/m2 with erythema effective irradiances 227.300J/m2 and 205.000J/m2 which is 1.14 and 1.03 minimum erythema doses (MED)/hr, while the predicted mean values were 179.100±0.025J/m2 and 172.800±0.004J/m2 for the traffic wardens and construction site workers respectively. The mean values were higher than the ICNIRP recommended safety limit of 30.000J/m2 for occupational exposure and MED for skin type I was exceeded by a factor of 1. The calculated UV index was 8 for construction site and 9 for traffic light wardens.
Conclusion: High level of accuracy of the prediction model implies that it can be used for prediction of SUV radiation. However, high mean irradiant values with high UV index indicates high risk of harm from unprotected sun exposure. Therefore, use of sun protective clothing is recommended and reduce time in the sun especially between 1:00pm and 2:00pm to prevent over exposure that will lead to serious harmful effects.
Identification of Suitable Budwood Source through Quality Assessment of Avocado (Persea americana Mill.)
Authors: Idun I. A. , Osei M. , Tandoh P. K. 
Published: October 2022

Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) is gaining increasing global appeal and has received massive marketing and distribution due to its significant nutritional benefits for human health. There is little or no history on how the fruit was introduced into the country. However, raising suitable planting materials continues to be a challenge. Thus, the study sought to identify suitable budwood sources through fruit quality assessments. Mature, bruised-free fruits were harvested from five different trees at New Koforidua in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. The experimental design for this study was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five replicates. Twenty-five fruits were selected from each tree for data collection and fruit analysis. The parameters studied were the physical properties (fruit weight, fruit firmness, seed weight, pulp weight, peel weight, fruit length and fruit diameter) and chemical properties [chemical composition, pH, total titratable acids (TTA) and total soluble solids (TSS)]. A sensory analysis was also conducted. The statistics were subjected to the Statistix version 10 and the means were separated using the LSD at an alpha level of 0.01. Significant differences were found in the seed weight, pulp weight, fruit length and diameter respectively, at an alpha value (p≤0.01) with “tree F” showing the highest recordings (92.03±5.57) for seed weight, (267.84±569) for pulp weight, (13.90±0.32) for fruit length and (8.44±0.12) for diameter, respectively. There was a progressive reduction in the fruit weight and fruit firmness over a period of seven and five days, respectively. There was a significant difference in the TSS and TTA at an alpha value of 0.01 with treatment J and treatment H recording the highest values of (0.36±0.02) and (1.18±0.07), respectively. The study showed that fruits of treatment F possess superior qualities than the rest of the varieties and can be a suitable budwood source.
Influence of Iron Nutrition on Soil Properties, Uptake and Yield of Soybean Grown on Iron Deficient Inceptisol
Authors: Kamble B. M. , Meena Rajkumar , Gajbhiye P. N. 
Published: October 2022

Iron (Fe) is an essential micronutrient for optimum growth and yield of crop. In calcareous soils availability of Fe is low, to correct Fe deficient soil application of Chelated Fe-EDTA is often recommended to avoid the possible nutritional disorder due to antagonistic effect of Fe with other cationic micronutrients. The present study was initiated with an objective to evaluate response of soybean crop to soil and foliar application of iron. The experiment was carried out at Agricultural Research Station, Kasbe Digraj, Dist: Sangli (MS) during kharif 2018-19. The experimental soil was alkaline, calcareous, clay in texture, low in available nitrogen, phosphorus, very high in available potassium and deficient in iron. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with eight treatments and three replications. The treatments comprised of common application of NPK fertilizers in conjunction with 10 t FYM ha-1, soil application of FeSO4 @ 10 and 20 kg ha-1 with and without 0.2 per cent spray of chelated Fe. The results revealed that the soil pH and electrical conductivity did not differ due to different treatments however, the organic carbon content was found to be slightly improved over control. The free calcium carbonate percentage in soil also found to be statistically non-significant although it revealed slight decline from the initial value due to different iron nutrition treatments. General recommended dose of fertilizers +Soil application of FeSO4 @ 20 kg ha-1 + two foliar sprays of chelated Fe @ 0.2 per cent at 30 and 50 DAS (T8) recorded significantly higher available N, P and DTPA Fe over control treatment whereas, available K, DTPA Zn, Mn and Cu were found to be statistically non-significant due to different treatment of iron nutrition along with NPK fertilizers and organic manure. Significantly highest total uptake of N, P, K, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn by soybean was exhibited in T8 which was either equivalent or statistically at par to GRDF + soil application of FeSO4 @ 10 kg ha-1 + two foliar sprays of chelated Fe @ 0.2% at 30 and 50 DAS (T7). In general, all the treatments of iron nutrition were statistically at par in context of soil nutrient and nutrient uptake by soybean crop. Significantly higher grain yield (2493 kg ha-1 ), straw yield (3779 kg ha-1 ) of soybean was recorded by T8 which was closely followed by T7. All the treatments of iron nutrition irrespective of method of application recorded statistically at par grain yield of soybean nonetheless, soil application of FeSO4 was found to be beneficial in correcting the initial deficient iron and zinc status in the soil. In a nutshell, it can be concluded that soil application of FeSO4 @ 10 or 20 kg ha-1 is adequate for obtaining optimum soybean yield and sustaining soil fertility in an iron deficient, slightly calcareous Inceptisol soil.
The Fast Track Surgery in Perioperative Nursing of HoLEP Operation
Authors: Abbas Muhammad , Zhe Wang , Rentong Wu , Ghani Hafiz Usman , Qureshi Shahid Moin , Javid Kashif 
Published: October 2022

Objective: The Fast-track surgery for transurethral holmium laser prostatectomy a perioperative nursing research study.
Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of transurethral holmium laser enucleation of the prostate in 89 patients with bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) who were admitted to and treated at our hospital between 2018 and 2019. Measures such as early postoperative feeding and early catheter removal, adequate preoperative preparation, psychological counseling, intraoperative warming, unobstructed lavage, ensuring postoperative sleep, indwelling analgesic pump, and prevention and treatment of postoperative complications, as well as a successful job in postoperative health guidance and discharge guidance, were all implemented, and the extubation was performed, during the perioperative period in which advanced fast track surgery was used.
Results: All 89 patients who underwent holmium laser enucleation of the prostate made a full recovery, with only one experiencing post-operative recurrent hyphema, five experiencing post-operative urinary tract infection, and ten experiencing transient and urge urinary incontinence; all were discharged after conservative treatment.
Conclusion: Using fast track surgery as a guide for perioperative care of HoLEP surgeries might lessen the number of issues that arise after surgery and help patients get back to normal quicker.
Association of Visual Health With Depressive Symptoms and Brain Imaging Phenotypes Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults
Authors: Zhang Xiayin , Shang Xianwen , Seth Ishith , Huang Yu , Wang Yaxin , Liang Yingying , Du Zijing , Wu Guanrong , Hu Yunyan , Liu Shunming , Hu Yijun , He Mingguang , Zhu Zhuoting , Yang Xiaohong , Yu Honghua 
Published: October 2022

ImportanceVision loss and depression are common conditions with major health implications. However, mechanisms of the association of visual health (across the full acuity spectrum) with depression remain unclear.ObjectiveTo characterize the association between visual health and depression and investigate the association between depression and brain microstructure and macrostructure in subgroups divided by visual acuity.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn the UK Biobank Study cohort, 114 583 volunteers were included at baseline from March to June 2006 to July 2010. Habitual distance visual acuity was examined using the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (LogMAR) characters. Depression was identified based on Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) or through an interview-based psychiatric diagnosis. Subgroup participants completed multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and PHQ evaluation during the imaging visit after 2014. Data were analyzed from May 5 to August 9, 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresDepression, depressive symptoms, and imaging-derived phenotypes from T1-weighted and diffusion MRI.ResultsOf the 114 583 participants from the UK Biobank Study, 62 401 (54.5%) were women, and the mean (SD) age was 56.8 (8.1) years (range, 39-72 years). A 1-line worse visual acuity (0.1 LogMAR increase) was associated with 5% higher odds of depression (odds ratio, 1.05 [95% CI, 1.04-1.07]) after adjustment for age, sex, race and ethnicity, Townsend index, educational qualifications, smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, physical activity, history of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and family history of depression. Of the 7844 participants eligible for MRI analysis, there were linear associations between PHQ score and the left volume of gray matter in supracalcarine cortex (coefficient, 7.61 [95% CI, 3.90-11.31]) and mean isotropic volume fraction (ISOVF) in the right fornix (cres) and/or stria terminalis (coefficient, 0.003 [95% CI, 0.001-0.004]) after correction for multiple comparison. In addition, their association could be moderated by visual acuity, whereby increased PHQ score was associated with higher ISOVF levels only among those with poorer visual acuity (P = .02 for interaction).Conclusions and RelevanceThis study suggests an association between visual health and depression and that the diffusion characteristic of ISOVF in the fornix (cres) and/or stria terminalis is associated with depressive symptoms in participants with poorer visual acuity.
Pulmonary Hypertension in Preterm Infants Treated With Laser vs Anti–Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy for Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Nitkin Christopher R. , Bamat Nicolas A. , Lagatta Joanne , DeMauro Sara B. , Lee Henry C. , Patel Ravi Mangal , King Brian , Slaughter Jonathan L. , Campbell J. Peter , Richardson Troy , Lewis Tamorah 
Published: October 2022

ImportanceAnti–vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) has potential ocular and systemic advantages compared with laser, but we believe the systemic risks of anti-VEGF therapy in preterm infants are poorly quantified.ObjectiveTo determine whether there was an association with increased risk of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in preterm infants with ROP following treatment with anti-VEGF therapy as compared with laser treatment.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis multicenter retrospective cohort study took place at neonatal intensive care units of 48 children’s hospitals in the US in the Pediatric Health Information System database from 2010 to 2020. Participants included preterm infants with gestational age at birth 22 0/7 to 31 6/7 weeks who had ROP treated with anti-VEGF therapy or laser photocoagulation.ExposuresAnti-VEGF therapy vs laser photocoagulation.Main Outcomes and MeasuresNew receipt of pulmonary vasodilators at least 7 days after ROP therapy was compared between exposure groups, matched using propensity scores generated from preexposure variables, and adjusted for birth year and hospital. The odds of receiving an echocardiogram after 30 days of age was also included to adjust for secular trends and interhospital variation in PH screening.ResultsAmong 1577 patients (55.9% male) meeting inclusion criteria, 689 received laser photocoagulation and 888 received anti-VEGF treatment (95% bevacizumab, 5% ranibizumab). Patients were first treated for ROP at median 36.4 weeks’ postmenstrual age (IQR, 34.6-38.7). A total of 982 patients (491 in each group) were propensity score matched. Good covariate balance was achieved, as indicated by a model variance ratio of 1.15. More infants who received anti-VEGF therapy were treated for PH, but when adjusted for hospital and year, this was no longer statistically significant (6.7%; 95% CI, 2.6-6.9 vs 4.3% 95% CI, 4.4-10.2; adjusted odds ratio, 1.62; 95% CI, 0.90-2.89; P = .10).Conclusions and RelevanceAnti-VEGF therapy was not associated with greater use of pulmonary vasodilators after adjustment for hospital and year. Our findings suggest exposure to anti-VEGF may be associated with PH, although we cannot exclude the possibility of residual confounding based on systemic comorbidities or hospital variation in practice. Future studies investigating this possible adverse effect seem warranted.
Validation, verification, and quality control of computational fluid dynamics analysis for indoor environments using a computer‐simulated person with respiratory tract
Authors: Yoo Sung‐Jun , Ito Kazuhide 
Published: October 2022

AbstractComputer‐simulated persons (CSPs) with respiratory systems have been developed for microclimate analysis around the human body and inhalation exposure analysis, for detailed assessment of comfort and health risks in indoor spaces. This study examined and validated the prediction accuracy of a CSP, for precise estimation of indoor environmental quality (IEQ). The flow‐field prediction accuracy was thoroughly examined in a grid analysis using the CSP and a thermal manikin for benchmarking. The model incorporated unsteady breathing and human postural sway, and assessed their impact on the microclimate around the human body. The numerically estimated flow field was validated using experimental particle image velocimetry (PIV) data, with a detailed grid independence test. Considering the practical use of the respiratory tract model for the inhalation exposure risk assessment, the prediction accuracy of particle transport and deposition analysis was examined using previously published in vivo experimental results. This analysis revealed that the impact of transient breathing and body vibrations on the reproduction of the thermal plume around the human body is quite weak; consequently, these conditions can be ignored from the macroscopic perspective of indoor airflow analysis.
Stable High‐Conductivity Ethylenedioxythiophene Polymers via Borane‐Adduct Doping
Authors: Mukhopadhyaya Tushita , Lee Taein D. , Ganley Connor , Tanwar Swati , Raj Piyush , Li Lulin , Song Yunjia , Clancy Paulette , Barman Ishan , Thon Susanna , Katz Howard E. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEfficient doping of polymer semiconductors is required for high conductivity and efficient thermoelectric performance. Lewis acids, e.g., B(C6F5)3, have been widely employed as dopants, but the mechanism is not fully understood. 1:1 “Wheland type” or zwitterionic complexes of B(C6F5)3 are created with small conjugated molecules 3,6‐bis(5‐(7‐(5‐methylthiophen‐2‐yl)‐2,3‐dihydrothieno[3,4‐b][1,4]dioxin‐5‐yl)thiophen‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐dioctyl‐2,5‐dihydropyrrolo[3,4‐c]pyrrole‐1,4‐dione [oligo_DPP(EDOT)2] and 3,6‐bis(5''‐methyl‐[2,2':5',2''‐terthiophen]‐5‐yl)‐2,5‐dioctyl‐2,5‐dihydropyrrolo[3,4‐c]pyrrole‐1,4‐dione [oligo_DPP(Th)2]. Using a wide variety of experimental and computational approaches, the doping ability of these Wheland Complexes with B(C6F5)3 are characterized for five novel diketopyrrolopyrrole‐ethylenedioxythiophene (DPP‐EDOT)‐based conjugated polymers. The electrical properties are a strong function of the specific conjugated molecule constituting the adduct, rather than acidic protons generated via hydrolysis of B(C6F5)3, serving as the oxidant. It is highly probable that certain repeat units/segments form adduct structures in p‐type conjugated polymers which act as intermediates for conjugated polymer doping. Electronic and optical properties are consistent with the increase in hole‐donating ability of polymers with their cumulative donor strengths. The doped film of polymer (DPP(EDOT)2‐(EDOT)2) exhibits exceptionally good thermal and air‐storage stability. The highest conductivities, ≈300 and ≈200 S cm−1, are achieved for DPP(EDOT)2‐(EDOT)2 doped with B(C6F5)3 and its Wheland complexes.
Cobalt(II)‐Catalyzed Transfer Hydrogenation of Simple Alkenes
Authors: Tian Jing , Xu Daqian , Sun Wei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSeveral cobalt(II) complexes supported by tetradentate aminobenzimidazole (N4) ligands and a tridentate nitrogen (N3) ligand have been prepared and characterized. X‐ray crystallographic analysis indicates that the cobalt complex of BPMB (BPMB=1,2‐bis((S)‐2‐(1‐methyl‐1H‐benzo[d]imidazol‐2‐yl) pyrrolidin‐1‐yl)ethane) ligand shows a distorted octahedral configuration. These cobalt(II) complexes can catalyze the transfer hydrogenation reaction of simple olefins with ammonia borane as a hydrogen source, and a variety of terminal olefins can be reduced to corresponding alkanes in good to excellent yields under mild reaction conditions. Note that Co−N3 complex provides an inferior outcome than those of Co−N4 complexes.magnified image
Pollen limitation of native plant reproduction in an urban landscape
Authors: Carper Adrian L. , Warren Paige S. , Adler Lynn S. , Irwin Rebecca E. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPremiseEvidence suggests that bees may benefit from moderate levels of human development. However, the effects of human development on pollination and reproduction of bee‐pollinated plants are less‐well understood. Studies have measured natural variation in pollination and plant reproduction as a function of urbanization, but few have experimentally measured the magnitude of pollen limitation in urban vs. non‐urban sites. Doing so is important to unambiguously link changes in pollination to plant reproduction. Previous work in the Southeastern United States found that urban sites supported twice the abundance of bees compared to non‐urban sites. We tested the hypothesis that greater bee abundance in some of the same urban sites translates into reduced pollen limitation compared to non‐urban sites.MethodsWe manipulated pollination to three native, wild‐growing, bee‐pollinated plants: Gelsemium sempervirens, Oenothera fruticosa, and Campsis radicans. Using supplemental pollinations, we tested for pollen limitation of three components of female reproduction in paired urban and non‐urban sites. We also measured pollen receipt as a proxy for pollinator visitation.ResultsWe found that all three plant species were pollen‐limited for some measures of female reproduction. However, opposite to our original hypothesis, two of the three species were more pollen‐limited in urban relative to non‐urban sites. We found that open‐pollinated flowers in urban sites received less conspecific and more heterospecific pollen on average than those in non‐urban sites.ConclusionsThese results suggest that even when urban sites have more abundant pollinators, this may not alleviate pollen limitation of native plant reproduction in urban landscapes.
Infratentorial Superficial Siderosis and Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension
Authors: Schievink Wouter I. , Maya M. Marcel , Harris Jennifer , Galvan Javier , Taché Rachelle B. , Nuño Miriam 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveSpontaneous spinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks cause intracranial hypotension (SIH) and also may cause infratentorial superficial siderosis (iSS) but the rate of development among different CSF leak types and outcome of treatment are not known. We determined the time interval from SIH onset to iSS and the outcome of treatment.MethodsA total of 1,589 patients with SIH underwent neuroimaging and iSS was detected in 57 (23 men and 34 women, mean age = 41.3 years [3.6%]). We examined the type of underlying CSF leak by various imaging modalities. Percutaneous and surgical procedures were used to treat the CSF leaks.ResultsThe iSS was detected in 46 (10.3%) of 447 patients with ventral CSF leaks, in 2 (3.9%) of 51 patients with dural ectasia, in 5 (2.6%) of 194 patients with CSF‐venous fistulas, in 4 (0.9%) of 457 patients with simple meningeal diverticula, and in none of the 101 patients with lateral CSF leaks or the 339 patients with leaks of indeterminate origin (p < 0.001). The estimated median latency period from SIH onset to iSS was 126 months. Ventral CSF leaks could not be eliminated with percutaneous procedures in any patient and surgical repair was associated with low risk (<5%) and resulted in resolution of the CSF leak in all patients in whom the exact site of the CSF leak could be determined. Other types of CSF leak were treated with percutaneous or surgical procedures.InterpretationThe iSS can develop in most types of spinal CSF leak, including CSF‐venous fistulas, but mainly in chronic ventral CSF leaks, which require surgical repair. ANN NEUROL 2023;93:64–75
PNP Ligands in Cobalt‐Mediated Activation and Functionalization of White Phosphorus
Authors: Kuchkaev Airat M. , Kuchkaev Aidar M. , Khayarov Khasan R. , Zueva Ekaterina M. , Dobrynin Alexey B. , Islamov Daut R. , Yakhvarov Dmitry G. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTransition‐metal mediated white phosphorus activation is of high interest as an ecological alternative to P4 chlorination pathway to the practically useful phosphorus products. Herein, we report a facile approach for P4 activation, transformation and subsequent functionalization using cobalt complexes bearing PNP ligands. The use of N,N‐bis(diphenylphosphino)amine as a ligand allows one to transform P4 tetrahedron into a zig‐zag chain with the formation of complex [Co(Ph2PNHP(Ph2)PPPPP(Ph2)NHPPh2)]BF4 (4). The presence of organic substituent at nitrogen atom in PNP ligand enables one to obtain complexes with η1‐coordinated P4 molecule, which indicates a crucial role of N−H bond in transformation of white phosphorus tetrahedron. Additionally, complex 4 can readily be functionalized by means of the reaction with Ph2PCl leading to the formation of a new complex bearing unique P9‐ligand. The obtained results provide opportunities for facile construction of new polyphosphorus ligands in the coordination sphere of transition metal complexes.