bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality and Sustainability of Engineering Education: The Role of Teacher and Student Performance Evaluation Review
Authors: Ezeanyim Okechukwu C. , Okpala Charles C. , Ono Chukwuma G. 
Published: May 2022

This study which is an investigative survey carried out in an Engineering department in South East Nigeria was aimed at evaluating the performances of students and teachers in order to ensure quality and review of the intrinsic variables within an educational system. The unique characteristics of teachers were compared with the average performances of students in the final year, to identify the possible cause of poor quality and low Final Cumulative Grade Point Average (FCGPA) by students of that department. The summary results for five consecutive academic sessions were used to determine the performances of students in varied courses taught by their lecturers, while the Pearson Correlation Coefficient was applied to review the students’ performances with unique features of gender, qualification and years of experience among lecturers involved in the teaching, research, and service delivery of the final year courses. The results showed 79.76, 53.37, 61.16, 73.33, 59.13, 72.73, 66.12, 79.60, 83.49, 76.85, 87.50, 71.96, 84.00, 88.91, 75.86, 76.48, 72.41, 80.90, 71.93 percentage-teacher-performances respectively, in descending order of codes assigned to lecturers. The application of Mintab software revealed correlation coefficients of 0.28, 0.01 and -0.51 for inherent peculiarities, while the p-values of 0.233, 0.956 and 0.025 were equally obtained. These results will assist the university’s management in its administrative function and decisions making regarding students and teachers’ quality at intakes and recruitments, by ensuring that requisite standards for engineering education study, growth, development and sustainability efforts are effectively achieved in line with its project 200 vision, thereby enabling the lecturers to optimize the quality of their teaching, research, and service delivery.
Comparison between Partial versus Complete Excision of Sublingual Gland in Plunging Ranula Management (A Clinical Study)
Authors: Mohammad Agha Taj , Bashir Jamshed , Singapuri Mukhtar Ibrahim , Tasneem Bushra , Behan Rasool Bux , Hassan Syed Ghazanfar 
Published: May 2022

Objective: To compare the postoperative complications of complete versus partial excision of the sublingual gland (SLG) in the management of plunging ranula.
Subject and Methods: A total of 24 patients were equally divided into two groups; Group A was treated with partial excision, while Group B was treated with Complete excision. . CT and MRI were used to diagnose the lesions. Postoperatively, complications like pain, hematoma, and temporary numbness of tongue, dysgeusia, dysphgia and recurrence were recorded.
Results: In both groups, males were in majority as compared to females. 10 males and 2 females, 9 males and 3 females were reported in Group A and B respectively. Mean age of patients in group A was 22.34±3.61, while in group B it was 21.25±3.55. Nearby 25% recurrence rate was found in patients treated with partial excision of SLG, while none of the patient reported with recurrence in complete excision group.
Conclusion: Complete excision of sublingual gland was found superior management modality as compared with partial excision in terms of postoperative recurrence.
A saúde da haste capilar e do couro cabeludo
Authors: Fontana Rosane Teresinha , Oliveira Neuri Gilnei de 
Published: May 2022

Introdução: o cabelo tem uma forte representação para os seres humanos, causando grande impacto na estrutura emocional, imagem pessoal e qualidade de vida e saúde. Objetivo: investigar, junto a profissionais cabeleireiros, saberes acerca das principais patologias e/ou intercorrências de interesse ao profissional de estética capilar. Metodologia: pesquisa descritiva, realizada em salões de um município ao noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul, no primeiro semestre de 2020. A coleta de dados foi feita por meio de um questionário e o tratamento dos dados se deu pela análise de conteúdo temática. Foram respeitados os aspectos éticos da pesquisa com seres humanos legislados pela Resolução 466/2012. Resultados: identificou-se, que apesar da formação destes profissionais ser voltada quase que totalmente para o tecnicismo, com quase nenhuma base teórica e científica, os mesmos denotam algum saber em torno das questões relativas ao exercício da sua profissão tais como biossegurança, autocuidado, transmissão de doença no ambiente de trabalho e execução de suas técnicas. No que tange às doenças relativas a haste capilar e ao couro cabeludo, pode-se observar lacunas sobre esse tema por parte dos participantes, visto que, grande parte dos seus conhecimentos demonstrados valem-se de saberes empíricos, seja pela deficiência formativa seja pela escassez de material produzido por profissionais da área. Conclusão: foram observadas algumas deficiências nos saberes dos profissionais sobre o tema. Destaca-se a importância do estímulo para a produção de objetos de aprendizagem, bem como a elaboração de cursos de atualização direcionados a este setor.
Cuidado clínico farmacêutico e estratégia para o uso racional e adesão ao tratamento em pacientes com hanseníase numa Policlínica do Recife
Authors: Guerra Suellen Karla Silva , Pontes Margareth Rose de Lyra , Randau Karina Perrelli 
Published: May 2022

Introdução: a hanseníase é uma doença de fácil diagnóstico, possuindo tratamento e cura. Quando diagnosticada tardiamente, pode trazer graves consequências para os portadores e seus familiares. Uma vez que o tratamento da hanseníase está inserido no componente estratégico da assistência farmacêutica, são exigidos cuidados e orientação. Há necessidade de intervenção clínica farmacêutica, com objetivo de acompanhar prescrições medicamentosas, analisando a adesão dos pacientes ao tratamento com a promoção de ações de educação em saúde, além de minimizar a ocorrência de eventos adversos relacionados aos fármacos do tratamento com possível redução de custos associados aos agravos. Objetivo: dessa forma, o presente estudo, teve como objetivo realizar o monitoramento para identificar e tratar as possíveis intercorrências que estão comumente presentes no tratamento de hanseníase. Metodologia: a realização do estudo deu-se com o acompanhamento dos pacientes atendidos no serviço de referência a partir da aplicação de questionários em consultas periódicas, visto que a adesão ao tratamento, redução dos eventos adversos e controle dos comunicantes são de suma importância para o controle epidemiológico. Conclusão: o desfecho do estudo mostra que a adesão do paciente é crucial para o êxito do tratamento e o acompanhamento do farmacêutico clínico constitui um pilar positivo, contribuindo para a prevenção de agravos e conscientização da comunidade.
Development of monoclonal antibodies against prM of Dengue virus 4
Authors: Andrade Adriana de Souza , Campos Gubio Soares , Moura Costa Lilia Ferreira , Monte Alegre Adriano Figuereido , Sardi Silvia Inês 
Published: May 2022

Introduction: dengue is a most common mosquito-borne viral disease in the Americas and tropical countries. Objective: in this work, mice were hyperimmunized with DENV 4 antigen to produce monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Methodology: DENV 4 (GenBank KC806069) was inoculated in C6/36 cell monolayers cultivated in Leibovitz’s 15 medium supplemented with 5% fetal bovine serum and incubated at 28 C. The virus stock was submitted to concentration and ultracentrifugation and stored at -80 C until use (VC DENV 4). Balb/c mice were injected intraperitoneally with 50μg of DENV-4 and successive intraperitoneal injections of 25 μg of VC DENV 4 with Freund’s incomplete adjuvant were performed. The spleen cells were fused to SP2/0 myeloma cells with PEG 1540 and distributed in 96-well microplates with Iscove’s modified medium with Hipoxantina–Aminopterina–Timidina. Hybridoma screening by indirect ELISA showed positive results for six mAbs, and their characterization was performed by Western blotting and Indirect Immunofluorescence (IFI) techniques. Results: the six mAbs showed strong recognition of prM (24/29 kDa), and minor reaction to E protein (66 kDa), E/E protein dimer (105 kDa), and NS1 (49 kDa) protein in two mAbs. The use of mAbs anti-prM as a diagnostic tool using IFI has been demonstrated to detect DENV-4 antigen in infected cells or tissues. Conclusion: DENV 4 generate mAbs with strong reactivity to prM with potential use to confirm the presence of DENV 4 antigen in tissues or infected cells.
Knowledge graphs: Introduction, history, and perspectives
Authors: Chaudhri Vinay K. , Baru Chaitanya , Chittar Naren , Dong Xin Luna , Genesereth Michael , Hendler James , Kalyanpur Aditya , Lenat Douglas B. , Sequeda Juan , Vrandečić Denny , Wang Kuansan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractKnowledge graphs (KGs) have emerged as a compelling abstraction for organizing the world's structured knowledge and for integrating information extracted from multiple data sources. They are also beginning to play a central role in representing information extracted by AI systems, and for improving the predictions of AI systems by giving them knowledge expressed in KGs as input. The goals of this article are to (a) introduce KGs and discuss important areas of application that have gained recent prominence; (b) situate KGs in the context of the prior work in AI; and (c) present a few contrasting perspectives that help in better understanding KGs in relation to related technologies.
Intelligent links: AI‐supported connections between employers and colleges
Authors: Robson Robby , Kelsey Elaine , Goel Ashok , Nasir Sazzad M. , Robson Elliot , Garn Myk , Lisle Matt , Kitchens Jeanne , Rugaber Spencer , Ray Fritz 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWhen modernization and other changes demand workforce reskilling, employers often turn to local colleges for training programs. Doing so can be a frustrating experience. HR and talent professionals have difficulty identifying and communicating requirements, especially for new jobs and roles, while college continuing education (CE) and professional development offices have difficulty understanding and responding to company needs. This article describes an NSF Convergence Accelerator project called SkillSync™ in which multiple forms of AI are used to address this specific problem and provide national efforts (e.g., the US Chamber of Commerce Talent Pipeline Management initiative) with skills data and skills alignment services. Skillsync uses variations on the Siamese Multi‐depth Transformer‐based Hierarchical Encoder (SMITH) and other natural language understanding methods to map job descriptions and course information to skills taxonomies, uses machine‐learned models to align skills needs with learning outcomes and training, and incorporates an intelligent coach based on Georgia Tech's Jill Watson “virtual teaching assistant” to answer questions about Skillsync's vocabulary, functionality, and process. This article describes these AI methods, how these methods are used in Skillsync, and the challenges involved.
Limits for the therapeutic application of the analytical anisotropic algorithm in the context of ablative lung radiotherapy near the minima of lung density and tumor size
Authors: Lobb Eric , Plypoo Ahpa 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPurposeTo systematically investigate the performance of the analytical anisotropic algorithm (AAA) within the extremes of small tumor volumes and near‐minimum lung and tumor tissue densities in order to identify combinations of these parameters where the use of AAA could result in a therapeutically unacceptable loss of tumor coverage on an energy and fractionation‐specific basis.MethodsClinically appropriate volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) treatment plans were generated with AAA for 180 unique combinations of lung density (0.05–0.30 g/cm3), tumor density (0.30–1.00 g/cm3), tumor diameter (0.5–2.5 cm), and beam energy (6 and 10 MV) and recomputed using the AcurosXB algorithm. Regression analysis was used to identify the strongest predictors of a reduction in biologically effective dose at a clinically relevant level (100 Gy BED10) for commonly utilized 1–5 fraction treatment regimens. Measurements were performed within a phantom mimicking the lower extremes of lung and tumor densities to validate AcurosXB as the approximate ground truth within these scenarios.ResultsThe strongest predictors of a statistically significant reduction in tumor coverage were lung density ≤0.15 g/cm3, tumor diameter ≤10 mm, tumor density equal to 0.30 g/cm3, and a beam energy of 10 MV. Overestimation of clinical target volume (CTV) D95% and CTV V100Gy (BED10) by AAA can exceed 30%–40% in some scenarios. Measurements supported AcurosXB as highly accurate even for these challenging scenarios.ConclusionsThe accuracy of AAA rapidly diminishes near the minima of clinical lung density, particularly in combination with small tumors and when using a photon energy of 10 MV. The magnitude of the effect can be more dramatic than previously reported data suggests and could potentially compromise the ablative qualities of treatments performed within these environments, particularly with less aggressive fractionation approaches.
Reconstruction of Ultrahigh‐Aspect‐Ratio Crystalline Bismuth–Organic Hybrid Nanobelts for Selective Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction to Formate
Authors: Zeng Guang , He Yingchun , Ma Dong‐Dong , Luo Shiwen , Zhou Shenghua , Cao Changsheng , Li Xiaofang , Wu Xin‐Tao , Liao Hong‐Gang , Zhu Qi‐Long 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe morphology and active site engineering of electrocatalysts is an efficient strategy to improve the intrinsic activity and selectivity of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction. Here the ultralong and thin Bi nanobelts (Bi‐NBs) are fabricated, which feature a high edge‐to‐facet ratio and high‐degree connectivity is inherited from the ultrahigh‐aspect‐ratio crystalline bismuth−organic hybrid nanobelts, through a cathodically in situ reconstruction process. The unique nanostructure of Bi‐NBs leads to a significantly enhanced performance for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction with a near‐unity formate selectivity and high formate partial current density, which is far superior to those of the discrete Bi counterparts with low edge‐to‐facet ratios. Notably, Bi‐NBs perform ultrahigh formate selectivity over a broad potential window with a high current density reaching 400 mA cm−2 for formate production in a flow cell. Moreover, it is ultrastable to continuous electrolysis for nearly 23 h at 200 mA cm−2 without compromising the selectivity. Based on calculations, the enhanced performance is closely related to the high edge‐to‐facet ratio of Bi‐NBs, since the rich edge sites are conducive to the stabilization of the key *OCHO intermediate for formate production. In addition, the ultralong and interconnected Bi‐NBs provide “expressways” for electron transfer during CO2 electroreduction, further contributing to the improved performance.
Stepped Porous Carbon‐Multilayer Graphene@Fe3C/Fe3N Membrane to Inhibit the Polysulfides Shuttle for High‐Performance Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Nie Zhentao , Xu Kui , Lu Yufei , Zhang Hongjian , Liu Haodong , Xu Feng , Yan Yibo , Xu Jingsan , Zhu Jixin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries are regarded as one of the most prominent future‐oriented energy battery systems due to their high theoretical energy density (2600 Wh kg−1). However, the shuttle effect of polysulfides and short cycle life have critically hindered their commercialization. Herein, a stepped porous heterostructured membrane of carbon‐multilayer graphene (MG)@Fe3C/Fe3N is developed by a facile phase inversion method and applied as a current collector to replace Al foil. The special heterostructured membrane with MG can further boost the charge/Li+ ion transfer speed while accommodating the volume expansion in the charge/discharge cycle. The shuttle effect of polysulfides is inhibited by the heterostructure phase of the Fe3C/Fe3N catalytic effect and chemisorption. This synergistic effect is confirmed by density function theory (DFT) calculations. As a result, the C‐MG@Fe3C/Fe3N membranes delivers distinguished discharge capacity and cycling stability of 508.92 mAh g−1 (693.47 mAh g−1) at a large discharge of current of 2 C (at 0.5 C) after 400 cycles (300 cycles) with only 0.36% capacity attenuation per cycle.
Nanoscale Activation Energy Mapping and Leveraging for Accelerating Ferroelectric Domain Nucleation and Growth
Authors: Nath Ramesh , Polomoff Nicholas A. , Song Jingfeng , Moran Thomas J. , Ramesh Ramamoorthy , Huey Bryan D. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe dynamics of ferroelectric domain switching are directly mapped in a PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3 thin film using piezoresponse force microscopy. Employing the rastering tip as a poling electrode to locally apply a fixed bias near the coercive field, while simultaneously monitoring the evolving domain pattern during continuous imaging, the effectively independent switching dynamics for numerous domains are directly investigated. While areal poling follows the anticipated S‐curve, this is shown to be the collective outcome of linear terminal radial growth for an ensemble of independently nucleating domains. By repeating such spatially resolved measurements in the same region, but with progressively greater fields, nucleation sites and growth patterns are shown to clearly repeat. This reveals apparent defects which comparatively promote switching, and nucleation times and growth rates that accelerate exponentially. After analyzing and mapping the ratio of activation energies for nucleation to growth, a high density of nucleation sites can possibly be activated with higher poling fields—even if only at the start of a poling process—enabling faster and more efficient switching to be engineered as directly demonstrated.
Consumer spending patterns for plant‐based meat alternatives
Authors: Cuffey Joel , Chenarides Lauren , Li Wenying , Zhao Shuoli 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper uses Nielsen Homescan data from 2014 to 2019 to investigate consumer spending on plant‐based meat alternative (PBMA) products. First, we measure determinants of different PBMA spending levels and summarize spending on PBMA and other food products. We then examine spending over time on PBMA and other food items when a household first purchases a PBMA product. A household spends USD 8 on PBMA products in the first month it purchases PBMA. PBMA spending, however, drops by over 75% in the months following this initial purchase. Spending on meat does not decrease in the first month these households purchase PBMA, though spending on dairy, deli, and dry grocery products does drop.
Scoliosis and skeletal muscle mass are strongly associated with low back pain‐related disability in humans: An evolutionary anthropology point of view
Authors: Tarabeih Nader , Masharawi Youssef , Shalata Adel , Higla Orabi , Kalinkovich Alexander , Livshits Gregory 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo clarify the potential risk factors and etiology of low back pain (LBP)‐related disability, including structural changes of the spine (spinal scoliosis) and body composition components in a population with a high prevalence of LBP.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, two self‐reported validated questionnaires were used to collect back pain and disability data in an ethnically homogeneous family‐based population sample (N = 1078). The scoliosis angle of trunk rotation was measured by a scoliometer on three spinal levels while the patient was bent forward. Body composition parameters, including relative to weight (WT), fat, relative skeletal muscle mass (SMM/WT), and total body water were determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Statistical analysis was conducted, accounting for the familial composition of the sample.ResultsThe mixed multiple regression analyses with several LBP‐related phenotypes as dependent variables consistently showed significant independent associations with scoliosis and SMM/WT, irrespective of other covariates. The odds ratios (OR)/95% CI for scoliosis ranged between 1.40 (1.19–1.64) and 1.51 (1.27–1.80), and from 0.61(0.51–0.72), to 0.71(0.58–0.87) for SMM/WT, depending on the LBP phenotype. The genetic components of the respective correlations between the LBP‐phenotypes and scoliosis or SMM/WT were negligible.ConclusionsThe associations between LBP‐related conditions and postured scoliosis and SMM/WT were consistent and significant and therefore may serve as markers in predicting the development of LBP‐related disability. We interpret the origin of these correlations as the evolutionary event due to the imperfect spine anatomy adaptation to a vertical posture resulting from a quick transition to bipedalism from a quadrupedal ancestor.
Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Oxidative Cross‐Coupling of Alkenes with Triisopropylsilylacetylene
Authors: Miao Hong , Wang Zhong‐Xia 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA Ruthenium‐catalyzed 2‐pyridyl or 2‐pyrimidyl directed oxidative cross‐coupling reaction of alkenes with triisopropylsilylacetylene was carried out. This protocol suits for mono‐, di‐ and trisubstituted ethenes, as well as various (substituted pyridyl)alkenes and exhibits good compatibility of functional groups and Z‐selectivity of the enyne products.
A‐Site Diamine Cation Anchoring Enables Efficient Charge Transfer and Suppressed Ion Migration in Bi‐Based Hybrid Perovskite Single Crystals
Authors: Yang Xin , Huang Yu‐Hua , Wang Xu‐Dong , Li Wen‐Guang , Kuang Dai‐Bin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDue to the large distance or weak electronic conjugation between adjacent Bi‐I octahedrons, the charge transport in the low‐dimensional bismuth‐based hybrid perovskites is impeded and thus hinders their future developments. In this work, A‐site cation engineering by monoamine BZA (benzylamine) and diamine 3‐AMP (3‐(aminomethyl)pyridine) has been demonstrated as an efficient strategy to regulate the corresponding activation energy of ionic migration and carrier transport capacity. Given the higher polarity of 3‐AMP than BZA, producing a more efficient dielectric screening effect, it gives rise to obtaining the small exciton binding energy (50 meV) and low defect states (3.53×109 cm−3). The reduced distance of adjacent Bi‐I octahedrons by the bilateral anchoring of the 3‐AMP2+ diamine cation enhances both electronic conjugation and charge transport performance. Therefore, the photodetector for (3‐AMP)BiI5 SC shows a 243‐fold increase in on/off ratio compared with the (BZA)3BiI6 SC.
The Raw Mixed Conducting Interphase Affords Effective Prelithiation in Working Batteries
Authors: Yue Xin‐Yang , Yao Yu‐Xing , Zhang Jing , Li Zeheng , Yang Si‐Yu , Li Xun‐Lu , Yan Chong , Zhang Qiang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractContact prelithiation is an important strategy to compensate the initial capacity loss of lithium‐ion batteries. However, the dead Li generated from inadequate Li conversion reduces the cycling stability of rechargeable batteries. Herein a mono‐solvent dimethyl carbonate (DMC) electrolyte was employed in contact prelithiation for the first time. We discover that the low‐organic‐content raw electrolyte interphase (REI) induced by this electrolyte on Li source and anode is a mixed ion/electron conductor. Therefore, electron channels can be maintained even when the Li source has been completely wrapped by the DMC‐derived REI. As a result, an outstanding Li source utilization of 92.8 % and a negligible dead Li yield can be realized. This strategy renders batteries with a very high initial Coulombic efficiency (90.0 %) and an excellent capacity retention (94.9 %) over 210 cycles, highlighting the significance of REI for effective contact prelithiation.