bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Both Hypoxia and Hypobaria Impair Baroreflex Sensitivity but through
Different Mechanisms
Authors: Bourdillon Nicolas , Aebi Mathias Rolland , Kayser Bengt , Bron Denis , Millet Gregoire P 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBaroreflex sensitivity (BRS) is a measure of cardiovagal baroreflex and is lower
in normobaric and hypobaric hypoxia compared to normobaric normoxia. The aim of
this study was to assess the effects of hypobaria on BRS in normoxia and
hypoxia. Continuous blood pressure and ventilation were recorded in eighteen
seated participants in normobaric normoxia (NNx), hypobaric normoxia (HNx),
normobaric hypoxia (NHx) and hypobaric hypoxia (HHx). Barometric pressure was
matched between NNx vs. NHx (723±4 mmHg) and HNx vs. HHx
(406±4 vs. 403±5 mmHg). Inspired oxygen pressure
(PiO2) was matched between NNx vs. HNx (141.2±0.8 vs.
141.5±1.5 mmHg) and NHx vs. HHx (75.7±0.4 vs.
74.3±1.0 mmHg). BRS was assessed using the sequence method. BRS
significantly decreased in HNx, NHx and HHx compared to NNx. Heart rate, mean
systolic and diastolic blood pressures did not differ between conditions. There
was the specific effect of hypobaria on BRS in normoxia (BRS was lower in HNx
than in NNx). The hypoxic and hypobaric effects do not add to each other
resulting in comparable BRS decreases in HNx, NHx and HHx. BRS decrease under
low barometric pressure requires future studies independently controlling
O2 and CO2 to identify central and peripheral
chemoreceptors’ roles.
Langzeitevaluation der Implementierung des Safewards-Modells
– Ergebnisse einer Follow-Up-Erhebung unter Patient*innen und
Mitarbeitenden der Akutpsychiatrie
Authors: Al-Wandi Mohammed S. I. , Baumgardt Johanna , Jäckel Dorothea , Helber-Böhlen Heike , Voigt Andre , Mc Cutcheon Ann-Kathrin , Schöppe Enrico , Lecca Edwin Emilio Velasquez , Löhr Michael , Schulz Michael , Weinmann Stefan , Bechdolf Andreas 
Published: December 2022

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Langzeitevaluation des Safewards-Modells (SM) in der
Akutpsychiatrie.
Methode Erhebung von Stationsklima, Arbeitszufriedenheit,
freiheitseinschränkenden Maßnahmen und Umsetzung auf 2 Stationen
direkt vor sowie 15 Monate nach Implementierung.
Ergebnisse Nach Implementierung war das Stationsklima z.T. signifikant
besser, die Arbeitszufriedenheit nach wie vor überdurchschnittlich, die
Anwendung von FEM z.T. signifikant geringer und die Umsetzung des SM nach wie
vor hoch.
Schlussfolgerungen Positive Veränderungen durch Implementierung des
SM können längerfristig aufrechterhalten werden.
Antiplatelet Therapy in Coronary Artery Disease: Now and Then
Authors: Tscharre Maximilian , Gremmel Thomas 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCardiovascular disease, particularly coronary artery disease (CAD), remains the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in industrialized countries. Platelet activation and aggregation at the site of endothelial injury play a key role in the processes ultimately resulting in thrombus formation with vessel occlusion and subsequent end-organ damage. Consequently, antiplatelet therapy has become a mainstay in the pharmacological treatment of CAD. Several drug classes have been developed over the last decades and a broad armamentarium of antiplatelet agents is currently available. This review portrays the evolution of antiplatelet therapy, and provides an overview on previous and current antiplatelet drugs and strategies.
Ciliopathies: Genetic Counseling
Authors: Cuppari Caterina , Salpietro Annamaria , Ceravolo Ida , Iapadre Giulia , Fusco Monica , Sallemi Alessia , Mancuso Alessio , Farello Giovanni , Ceravolo Maria Domenica 
Published: December 2022

AbstractJoubert syndrome (JS) follows autosomal recessive inheritance, with rare X-linked recessive cases. The disease is genetically heterogeneous with neurological features associated with multiorgan involvement (e.g., retinal dystrophy, nephronophthisis, hepatic fibrosis, and polydactyly). The incidence of JS and related disorders is between 1/80,000 and 1/100,000 live births. Many causative genes have been identified, all encoding for proteins of the cilium or the centrosome, making the JS part of a group of diseases called “ciliopathies.” The identification of the molecular defect in couples at risk is allowed by prenatal genetic testing, whereas fetal ultrasound and brain neuroimaging are informative in the first and second trimester of pregnancy.
Political and productive capacity characteristics as outward foreign direct investment push factors from BRICS countries
Authors: Elish Eman 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates the primary push factors that constitute home country-specific characteristics of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS) and enhance their abilities as emerging market economies to engage in outward foreign direct investments (OFDI). The motivation behind this study was the need to fill the gap in the existing literature on the push factors from BRICS. A panel autoregressive distributed lag model was employed on these countries from 2000 to 2018, followed by an impulse response function analysis using a unique data set from a productive capacity index (PCI) and a derived index obtained from each country’s political risk ranking. A robust relationship was detected between OFDI and all of its short- and long-term push factors. The results reveal the relative strength of the long-term impact of the productive capacity and political stability indices supported by the divergent effect of their shocks on OFDI. This substantial contribution highlights the policy implication of how governments should promote their productive capacity and political stability to sustain a healthy investment environment for firms to expand their investments abroad.
Efficient chip-based optical parametric oscillators from 590 to 1150 nm
Authors: Stone Jordan R. , Lu Xiyuan , Moille Gregory , Srinivasan Kartik 
Published: December 2022

Optical parametric oscillators are widely used to generate coherent light at frequencies not accessible by conventional laser gain. However, chip-based parametric oscillators operating in the visible spectrum have suffered from pump-to-signal conversion efficiencies typically less than 0.1%. Here, we demonstrate efficient optical parametric oscillators based on silicon nitride photonics that address frequencies between 260 (1150 nm) and 510 THz (590 nm). Pumping silicon nitride microrings near 385 THz (780 nm) yields monochromatic signal and idler waves with unprecedented output powers in this wavelength range. We estimate on-chip output powers (separately for the signal and idler) between 1 and 5 mW and conversion efficiencies reaching ≈15%. Underlying this improved performance is our development of pulley waveguides for broadband near-critical coupling, which exploits a fundamental connection between the waveguide-resonator coupling rate and conversion efficiency. Finally, we find that mode competition reduces conversion efficiency at high pump powers, thereby constraining the maximum realizable output power. Our work proves that optical parametric oscillators built with integrated photonics can produce useful amounts of visible laser light with high efficiency.
Fast and sensitive terahertz detection with a current-driven epitaxial-graphene asymmetric dual-grating-gate field-effect transistor structure
Authors: Tamura Koichi , Tang Chao , Ogiura Daichi , Suwa Kento , Fukidome Hirokazu , Takida Yuma , Minamide Hiroaki , Suemitsu Tetsuya , Otsuji Taiichi , Satou Akira 
Published: December 2022

We designed and fabricated an epitaxial-graphene-channel field-effect transistor (EG-FET) featuring an asymmetric dual-grating-gate (ADGG) structure working as a current-driven terahertz detector and experimentally demonstrated a 10 ps-order fast response time and a high responsivity of 0.3 mA/W to 0.95 Terahertz (THz) radiation incidence at room temperature. The ADGG and drain–source bias dependencies of the measured photoresponse showed a clear transition between plasmonic detection under periodic electron density modulation conditions with depleted regions and photothermoelectric (PTE) detection under entirely highly doped conditions without depleted regions. We identified the PTE detection that we observed as a new type of unipolar mechanism in which only electrons or holes contribute to rectifying THz radiation under current-driven conditions. These two detection mechanisms coexisted over a certain wide transcendent range of the applied bias voltages. The temporal photoresponses of the plasmonic and PTE detections were clearly shown to be comparably fast on the order of 10 ps, whereas the maximal photoresponsivity of the PTE detection was almost twice as high as that of the plasmonic detection under applied bias conditions. These results suggest that the ADGG-EG-FET THz detector will be promising for use in 6G- and 7G-class high-speed wireless communication systems.
Gas puff imaging on the TCV tokamak
Authors: Offeddu N. , Wüthrich C. , Han W. , Theiler C. , Golfinopoulos T. , Terry J. L. , Marmar E. , Galperti C. , Andrebe Y. , Duval B. P. , Bertizzolo R. , Clement A. , Février O. , Elaian H. , Gönczy D. , Landis J. D. ,   TCV Team
Published: December 2022

We present the design and operation of a suite of Gas Puff Imaging (GPI) diagnostic systems installed on the Tokamak à Configuration Variable (TCV) for the study of turbulence in the plasma edge and Scrape-Off-Layer (SOL). These systems provide the unique ability to simultaneously collect poloidal 2D images of plasma dynamics at the outboard midplane, around the X-point, in both the High-Field Side (HFS) and Low-Field Side (LFS) SOL, and in the divertor region. We describe and characterize an innovative control system for deuterium and helium gas injection, which is becoming the default standard for the other gas injections at TCV. Extensive pre-design studies and the different detection systems are presented, including an array of avalanche photodiodes and a high-speed CMOS camera. First results with spatial and time resolutions of up to ≈2 mm and 0.5 µs, respectively, are described, and future upgrades of the GPI diagnostics for TCV are discussed.
Electrokinetic, electrochemical, and electrostatic surface potentials of the pristine water liquid–vapor interface
Authors: Becker Maximilian R. , Loche Philip , Netz Roland R. 
Published: December 2022

Although conceptually simple, the air–water interface displays rich behavior and is subject to intense experimental and theoretical investigations. Different definitions of the electrostatic surface potential as well as different calculation methods, each relevant for distinct experimental scenarios, lead to widely varying potential magnitudes and sometimes even different signs. Based on quantum-chemical density-functional-theory molecular dynamics (DFT-MD) simulations, different surface potentials are evaluated and compared to force-field (FF) MD simulations. As well explained in the literature, the laterally averaged electrostatic surface potential, accessible to electron holography, is dominated by the trace of the water molecular quadrupole moment, and using DFT-MD amounts to +4.35 V inside the water phase, very different from results obtained with FF water models which yield negative values of the order of −0.4 to −0.6 V. Thus, when predicting potentials within water molecules, as relevant for photoelectron spectroscopy and non-linear interface-specific spectroscopy, DFT simulations should be used. The electrochemical surface potential, relevant for ion transfer reactions and ion surface adsorption, is much smaller, less than 200 mV in magnitude, and depends specifically on the ion radius. Charge transfer between interfacial water molecules leads to a sizable surface potential as well. However, when probing electrokinetics by explicitly applying a lateral electric field in DFT-MD simulations, the electrokinetic ζ-potential turns out to be negligible, in agreement with predictions using continuous hydrodynamic models. Thus, interfacial polarization charges from intermolecular charge transfer do not lead to significant electrokinetic mobility at the pristine vapor–liquid water interface, even assuming these transfer charges are mobile in an external electric field.
Inside Energy Storage Materials
Authors: Reeves-McLaren Nik 
Published: December 2022

Inside Energy Storage Materials: Diffraction and Spectroscopic Methods for Battery Research is an up-to-date and comprehensive introduction to the best practices for in situ and operando x-ray and neutron diffraction experiments. It focuses on key information to make the field of batteries and materials science accessible to newcomers. The book is designed to help its readers avoid the long periods of trial and error they typically face when entering this area of research.
This useful handbook:Offers practical guidance on the details of software tools and experimental design techniquesCombines diffraction and battery materials in one textProvides an updated discussion of x-ray and neutron powder diffraction methods and analytical toolsContains an updated literature review of the latest developments in the energy storage materials field
Inside Energy Storage Materials: Diffraction and Spectroscopic Methods for Battery Research is ideal for postgraduate, academic, and industrial researchers working in energy storage materials and R&D teams in the battery industry.
Immersive architectures for visual data literacy
Authors: Rodighiero Dario , Wandl-Vogt Eveline , Carsenat Elian , Döring Jules , Elias Oliver , Fragner Michaela , Farkashazy Stepha 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The datafication process transforming society enables us to witness the pandemic from a global perspective. This article provides an example of immersive architecture in which coronavirus-related scientific literature was revealed during Ars Electronica 2021. Like a starry sky, a network visualization representing more than 600,000 articles was showcased in the Deep Space 8K theater, where spectators were accompanied in reading insights. The case study of 3D Cartography of COVID-19 illustrates a novel way to present data in public spaces to foster conversations and reflects on how visual data literacy can be addressed in museums.
Micro-vibration Modeling and Verification of Shutter Mechanism of Survey Space Telescope
Authors: Jiang Tong-Lei , Wen Li-Hua , Zhan Hu , Wang Bo , Yang Yong-Chao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The scientific research mission of the Survey Space Telescope (also known as the China Space Station Telescope, CSST) imposes rigorous requirements on the observation precision. However, microvibrations generated by the shutter mechanism can seriously affect the performance of the highly precise and sensitive instruments onboard. This study presents a dynamic model and verifies its performance using experimental results. Indeed, a five-degree-of-freedom nonlinear dynamic model that considers all interference sources and bearing nonlinearity is established. The validity of the proposed model is verified using experimental measurements of the microvibration characteristics. The obtained results proved that the proposed dynamic model can accurately predict the characteristics of the microvibrations caused by the shutter mechanism in the design stage and provide a theoretical basis for the development of CSST.
Noninvasive neuroimaging and spatial filter transform enable ultra low delay motor imagery EEG decoding
Authors: Fang Tao , Wang Junkongshuai , Mu Wei , Song Zuoting , Zhang Xueze , Zhan Gege , Wang Pengchao , Bin Jianxiong , Niu Lan , Zhang Lihua , Kang Xiaoyang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objective. The brain-computer interface (BCI) system based on sensorimotor rhythm can convert the human spirit into instructions for machine control, and it is a new human-computer interaction system with broad applications. However, the spatial resolution of scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) is limited due to the presence of volume conduction effects. Therefore, it is very meaningful to explore intracranial activities in a noninvasive way and improve the spatial resolution of EEG. Meanwhile, low-delay decoding is an essential factor for the development of a real-time BCI system. Approach. In this paper, EEG conduction is modeled by using public head anatomical templates, and cortical EEG is obtained using dynamic parameter statistical mapping. To solve the problem of a large amount of computation caused by the increase in the number of channels, the filter bank common spatial pattern method is used to obtain a spatial filter kernel, which reduces the computational cost of feature extraction to a linear level. And the feature classification and selection of important features are completed using a neural network containing band-spatial-time domain self-attention mechanisms. Main results. The results show that the method proposed in this paper achieves high accuracy for the four types of motor imagery EEG classification tasks, with fairly low latency and high physiological interpretability. Significance. The proposed decoding framework facilitates the realization of low-latency human-computer interaction systems.
Coating μm TPB on a cylindrical detector and studying the sample films being cooled to LN and LHe temperatures
Authors: Zhou Jiangfeng , Ouyang Zebang , Liao Junhui , Liang Zhuo , Peng Zhaohua , Zhang Lei , Zhang Lifeng , Zheng Jian 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
ALETHEIA is a newly established dark matter direct detection project that aims at hunting for low-mass WIMPs. TPB is widely implemented in liquid helium and argon experiments to shift VUV photons to visible light. We first report that we have successfully coated ∼ 3 μm TPB on the inner walls of a 10-cm cylindrical PTFE detector; we split the coating process into two steps to have all of the surfaces being coated with the same thickness; three independent methods were applied to figure out the thickness of the TPB coating layers, and consistent results were obtained. Second, with an SEM machine, we scanned the surface of TPB coating sample films exposed to different cryogenic temperatures. The first group of sample layers were immersed into a liquid nitrogen dewar for forty hours, the second group samples were cooled to 4.5 K for three hours, and the third group stayed at room temperature after coating. The SEM-scanned images of the sample films barely show any noticeable difference.
Delay-induced vibrational resonance in the Rayleigh–Plesset bubble oscillator
Authors: Omoteso K A , Roy-Layinde T O , Laoye J A , Vincent U E , McClintock P V E 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We examine the impacts of time-delay and phase shift between two acoustic driving forces on vibrational resonance (VR) phenomena in the oscillations of a spherical gas bubble. Using the approximate method of direct separation of the motions, we obtain the equation of slow motion and the response amplitude, and we validate the theoretical predictions with numerical simulations. We find that the response amplitude of the system at the lower frequency varies periodically with respect to the phase shift. When the phase shift consists of an even number of periods, it can be optimized to enhance the system’s response in the relevant parameter space of the high-frequency driving force. In addition to the enhancement of the VR peak by variation of the phase shift, our results show that the time-delay also plays a significant role in the bubble’s response to dual-frequency acoustic driving fields. It and can be exploited either to suppress drastically, or to modulate, the resonance peaks, thereby controlling the resonances. Our analysis shows further that cooperation between the time-delay and the amplitude of the high-frequency component of the acoustic waves can induce multiple resonances. These results could potentially be exploited to control and enhance ultrasonic cleaning processes by varying the time-delay parameter in the presence of phase shifted dual-frequency acoustic waves. Moreover, it could be employed to achieve improved accuracy in ultrasonic biomedical diagnosis and tumour therapy, as well as for targeted delivery of reagents transported within bubbles.
Universal characteristics of deep neural network loss surfaces from random matrix theory
Authors: Baskerville Nicholas P , Keating Jonathan P , Mezzadri Francesco , Najnudel Joseph , Granziol Diego 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper considers several aspects of random matrix universality in deep neural networks (DNNs). Motivated by recent experimental work, we use universal properties of random matrices related to local statistics to derive practical implications for DNNs based on a realistic model of their Hessians. In particular we derive universal aspects of outliers in the spectra of deep neural networks and demonstrate the important role of random matrix local laws in popular pre-conditioning gradient descent algorithms. We also present insights into DNN loss surfaces from quite general arguments based on tools from statistical physics and random matrix theory.
The Glauber-Ising chain under low-temperature protocols
Authors: Godrèche Claude , Luck Jean-Marc 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This work is devoted to an in-depth analysis of arbitrary temperature protocols applied to the ferromagnetic Glauber-Ising chain launched from a disordered initial state and evolving in the low-temperature scaling regime. We focus our study on the density of domain walls and the reduced susceptibility. Both the inverse of the former observable and the latter one provide two independent measures of the typical size of the growing ferromagnetic domains. Their product is thus a dimensionless form factor characterising the pattern of growing ordered domains and providing a measure of the distance of the system to thermal equilibrium. We apply this framework to a variety of protocols: everlasting slow quenches, where temperature decreases continuously to zero in the limit of infinitely long times, slow quenches of finite duration, where temperature reaches zero at some long but finite quenching time, time-periodic protocols with weak and strong modulations, and the two-temperature protocol leading to the memory effect found by Kovacs.
Pulse-shaped broadband multiphoton excitation for single-molecule fluorescence detection in the far field
Authors: Nobis David , Sansom Henry G , Magennis Steven W 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Multiphoton excitation of fluorescence has many potential advantages over resonant (one-photon) excitation, but the method has not found widespread use for ultrasensitive applications. We recently described an approach to the multiphoton excitation of single molecules that uses a pulse shaper to compress and tailor pulses from an ultrafast broadband laser in order to optimise the brightness and signal-to-background ratio following non-linear excitation. Here we provide a detailed description of the setup and illustrate its use and potential by optimising two-photon fluorescence of a common fluorophore, rhodamine 110, at the single-molecule level. We also show that a DNA oligonucleotide labelled with a fluorescent nucleobase analogue, tC, can be detected using two-photon FCS, whereas one-photon excitation causes rapid photobleaching. The ability to improve the signal-to-background ratio and to reduce the incident power required to attain a given brightness can be applied to the multiphoton excitation of any fluorescent species, from small molecules with low multiphoton cross sections to the brightest nanoparticles.