bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A motivational model‐based virtual reality approach to prompting learners' sense of presence, learning achievements, and higher‐order thinking in professional safety training
Authors: Hwang Gwo‐Jen , Chang Chun‐Chun , Chien Shu‐Yun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIncreasing learners' sense of presence is important in professional training, in particular, when aiming to foster their competences of making judgements and solving problems when facing real cases. However, in conventional training programmes, sometimes it is difficult to situate learners in real cases owing to several considerations, such as cost and potential danger. Scholars have indicated that the lack of opportunities to experience real contexts could seriously affect the training outcomes. To cope with this problem, the present study proposes a spherical video‐based virtual reality (SVVR)‐based professional training (SVVR‐PT) approach based on the attention, relevance, confidence and satisfaction (ARCS) model to situate learners in an authentic training environment to experience the process of solving practical cases before facing real cases. To evaluate the effectiveness of the approach, a true experiment was conducted in a hospital by randomly assigning 70 nurses to an experimental group learning with the SVVR‐PT approach and a control group learning with the conventional training approach. The experimental results show that the proposed approach outperformed the conventional approach in terms of promoting the learners' sense of presence and learning achievement as well as their problem‐solving tendency and critical‐thinking awareness. Moreover, the SVVR‐PT learners also showed higher technology acceptance than the conventional training group.
Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic?

Spherical video‐based virtual reality (SVVR) immerses learners in an authentic environment that enables them to have more opportunities to experiment and practice.

Attention, relevance, confidence and satisfaction model has great potential in promoting learners' motivation and engagement.

What this paper adds?

A motivational model‐based virtual reality approach is proposed to facilitate learners' professional training performance.

In addition to promoting learners' training performance, the results claimed that the proposed approach could promote students' sense of presence, problem‐solving tendency and critical‐thinking awareness.

Implications for practice and/or policy

It is potentially worth using the motivational model‐based virtual reality approach in professional training to facilitate learners' performances and perceptions.

The proposed approach can further analyze and compare the effects of the cooperative learning strategy on learners' performance and recorded learning process.
Increasing learners' self‐efficacy beliefs and curiosity through a Frankenstein‐themed transmedia storytelling experience
Authors: Nagy Peter , Mawasi Areej , Eustice Kristi , Cook‐Davis Alison , Finn Ed , Wylie Ruth 
Published: February 2022

AbstractUsing Mary Shelley's Frankenstein as inspiration, this paper presents a Frankenstein‐themed transmedia storytelling experience, which encompasses simple hands‐on activities and an online narrative experience that allows students to model scientific work and engage in various science activities. The study aimed to test whether students can develop higher science and creative self‐efficacy beliefs, and a stronger science curiosity, by engaging in the transmedia experience that combined hands‐on and online narrative activities compared with participating in only hands‐on or online narrative experiences. Our paper presents findings from two classroom studies using survey findings. Results show that all three conditions (hands‐on, online game experience and transmedia) had a significant positive impact on learners' self‐efficacy beliefs and curiosity, but there was no additional benefit for the transmedia condition. Nevertheless, our work has various implications for learning sciences about the potential benefits and drawbacks of transmedia storytelling experiences. Our findings can help educators and researchers design and run transmedia storytelling projects.
Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic

Transmedia storytelling is a popular and adaptable learning application.
Transmedia storytelling can be beneficial due to transfer of learning.
Transmedia storytelling may foster learners' engagement and knowledge acquisition.
What this paper adds

The paper presents a Frankenstein‐themed transmedia experience that combines digital and hands‐on activities and borrows several themes from Mary Shelley's Frankenstein; or, the Modern Prometheus.
Findings from this study show that transmedia storytelling can boost learners' science and creative self‐efficacy beliefs and science curiosity.
However, transmedia storytelling combining digital and hands‐on experiences is not more effective in bolstering self‐efficacy beliefs and curiosity than digital or hands‐on experiences alone.
Implications for practice and/or policy

Transmedia storytelling might have unintended consequences for learning because it may exhaust learners' cognitive resources.
Learners' transliteracy skills and competencies may influence what benefits they gain from partaking in transmedia storytelling experiences.
Educators need to take learners' transliteracy skills into consideration when they wish to design and/or use transmedia storytelling experiences for learning purposes.
Characterising the contemporary stress orientations near an active continental rifting zone: A case study from the Moatize Basin, central Mozambique
Authors: Rajabi Mojtaba , Esterle Joan , Heidbach Oliver , Travassos Daniel , Fumo Silvestre 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper presents the first comprehensive analysis of the present‐day stress from boreholes near an active continental rifting zone in the Moatize Basin, Mozambique. The state of present‐day stress in this area that is located ca. 100 km away from the Eastern African Rift System (EARS) is poorly understood, and most of our knowledge is from earthquake focal mechanisms that provide stress information from the deeper part of the lithosphere, and to a lesser extent from surface geological features in the Malawi region. Considering the limited reliability of earthquake‐derived stress orientations near plate boundaries, poor coverage of low to moderate magnitude earthquakes in eastern Africa, and ambiguity about the latest activity of geological structure; other well‐established methods are required to shed light on the active tectonics of EARS. In this study, we analyse stress orientation using log data from 95 vertical boreholes in a mine site to investigate the neotectonic stress pattern of the region. Analysis of 17.9 km of televiewer logs resulted in interpretation of 1188 stress‐related borehole failures. The results indicate a mean regional trend of 045° ± 31° for the maximum horizontal stress (SHmax). Our investigation reveals that the regional state of stress in the study area is controlled by superposition of stress sources that act at very different spatial scales. The consistency between our results and predictions by plate‐scale geodynamic models of stress orientations confirm that the regional pattern of stress in this area is mainly controlled by first (>500 km) and second (distances between 500 and 100 km) order stress sources (i.e., large tectonic forces and lateral density variations). However, high‐resolution data used in this study reveal that third (between 100 and 1 km) and fourth (<1 km) order stress sources from stiffness contrasts, rock fabric and geological structures have a great impact on the stress perturbations at smaller and local scales.
Chemistry and biological evaluation of pyrido[4,3‐d]pyrimidines: A review
Authors: Yadav Pratibha , Shah Kamal 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe aim of this review is to update the knowledge of different multi‐component reactions that lead to synthesizing of pyrido[4,3‐d]pyrimidines. In this study, the multiple synthetic pathways that are discussed in the synthesis of pyrido[4,3‐d]pyrimidines lead are highlighted. Thus, the developed compounds have been derived from pyridine and pyrimidines fusion or from possible approaches of multistep synthesis reaction versatility. Apart from the synthetic schemes, their biological applications are also comprehended. This review discusses that the pyrido[4,3‐d]pyrimidines have been developed by using new strategies and may be useful to future researchers.
Insights into the negative regulation of EGFR upon the binding of an allosteric inhibitor
Authors: Li Miaomiao , Xu Yan , Guo Jingjing 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEpidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is an intensively focused drug target for non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). JBJ‐04–125–02 is an effective ATP‐noncompetitive and T790M/L858R‐selective inhibitor of EGFR, but the implied negative regulation mechanism is not fully clarified. Here, computational approaches were employed to address this. We find that JBJ‐04–125–02 induces contrary effects on the binding of adenosine and phosphate moieties of ATP. The allosteric inhibitor lowers the stability of the hinge region, affecting the anchor of the adenosine portion of ATP, while a more closed conformation of P‐loop is observed and might be unfavorable for the phosphotransfer and product release. The umbrella sampling simulations further demonstrate that less free energy is needed for the initial dissociation of ATP (the adenosine group) from the inactive EGFR in the presence of JBJ‐04–125–02, but more for the phosphate groups egressing from the active cavity. Together, these findings provide a deeper understanding of the negative regulation of JBJ‐04–125–02. Moreover, the key inter‐molecular interactions contributing to ATP binding are identified. Our work might pave the way for designing allosteric drugs targeting EGFR for lung cancer patients, and also suggests that computational techniques are effective for investigating the allosteric mechanism.
Simultaneous patch testing with fragrance markers in the baseline series and the ingredients of fragrance mixes: An update from southern Sweden
Authors: Sukakul Thanisorn , Bruze Magnus , Mowitz Martin , Antelmi Annarita , Boonchai Waranya , Dahlin Jakob , Hamnerius Nils , Hauksson Inese , Lejding Tina , Svedman Cecilia 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundRegularly updating the prevalence of fragrance contact allergy (CA) is important. Patch testing with fragrance markers in the baseline series and the ingredients of fragrance mixes (FMs) is still debated.ObjectivesTo update the prevalence and clinical characteristics of patients with fragrance CA. To establish the results of patch testing with individual allergens of FMs.MethodsA retrospective analysis of 3539 patients with dermatitis who were patch tested with the baseline series and FMs ingredients during 2016 to 2020 was performed.ResultsThe prevalence of fragrance CA was 13%. About 10% of these patients with fragrance CA would be missed if the individual ingredients were not tested. Unlike hydroxyisohexyl 3‐cyclohexene carboxaldehyde, there was no decreasing trend of CA to Evernia prunastri (oakmoss) extract after the EU regulation came into force. Patients with CA from only one ingredient of the mixes or having a weak positive reaction to the ingredients were significantly missed when tested with only the fragrance markers in the baseline series.ConclusionsPatch testing with individual fragrance allergens is crucial for experts to expand knowledge in the fragrance CA field. The concentrations of the allergens in FMs may need to be adjusted to detect patients with fragrance CA, since some were significantly overlooked.
A multicentre, prospective cohort study of handsewn versus stapled intracorporeal anastomosis for robotic hemicolectomy
Authors: Harji Deena , Rouanet Philippe , Cotte Eddy , Dubois Anne , Rullier Eric , Pezet Denis , Passot Guillaume , Taoum Christophe , Denost Quentin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimRobotic right hemicolectomy is gaining in popularity due to the recognized technical benefits associated with the robotic platform. However, there is a lack of standardization regarding the optimal anastomotic technique in this cohort of patients, namely stapled or handsewn intra‐ or extra‐corporeal anastomosis. The ergonomic benefit associated with the robotic platform lends itself to intracorporeal anastomosis (ICA). The aim of this study was to compare the short‐term clinical outcomes of stapled versus handsewn ICA.MethodA multicentre prospective cohort study was undertaken across four high‐volume robotic centres in France between September 2018 and December 2020. All adult patients undergoing an elective robotic right hemicolectomy with an ICA performed and a minimum postoperative follow‐up of 30 days were included. The primary endpoint of our study was anastomotic leak within 30 days postoperatively.ResultsA total of 144 patients underwent robotic right hemicolectomy: 92 (63.8%) had a stapled ICA and 52 (36.1%) a handsewn ICA. The operative indication was adenocarcinoma in 90% with a stapled ICA compared with 62% in the handsewn ICA group (p < 0.001). The overall operating time was longer in the handsewn ICA group compared with the stapled ICA group (219 min vs. 193 min; p = 0.001). The anastomotic leak rate was 3.3% in stapled ICA and 3.8% in handsewn ICA (p = 1.00). There was no difference in the rate or severity of postoperative morbidity.ConclusionICA robotic hemicolectomy is technically safe and is associated with low rates of anastomotic leak overall and equivalent clinical outcomes between the two techniques.
When Language Switching is Cost‐Free: The Effect of Preparation Time
Authors: Mosca Michela , Manawamma Chaya , de Bot Kees 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPrevious research has shown that language switching is costly, and that these costs are likely to persist even when speakers are given ample time to prepare. The aim of this study was to determine whether there are cognitive limitations to speakers’ ability to prepare for a switch, or whether a new language can be prepared in advance and any cost to switch language eliminated. To explore this, language switching costs were measured in a group of Dutch‐English (L1‐L2) bilinguals who named pictures in their two languages while the preparation time was manipulated. The participants were given either no time to prepare (cue to stimulus interval, CSI: 0 ms), or some time to prepare, for the target language (CSI: 250, 500, and 800 ms). The results revealed that when speakers had no time to prepare, language switching was costly. However, when preparation time was provided, switching costs disappeared. This suggests that there might be no cognitive limitations to the ability to prepare for a language switch, and that, provided enough preparation time, the effort to switch language could be eliminated. This finding might also explain why normal code‐switched conversations seem effortless, as speakers typically have ample time to prepare for the language switch.
Trichilemmal cysts with proteinaceous material: A potential diagnostic pitfall
Authors: Mitsui Yasuhiro , Ogawa Kohei , Koga Kaori , Goto Keisuke , Takai Toshihiro , Anan Takashi , Fukumoto Takaya , Asada Hideo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundCysts of the skin are observed frequently and their diagnoses are generally straightforward. However, atypical cystic lesions for which differentiation is indistinct have been noted.MethodsWe examined five cases of trichilemmal cyst with proteinaceous material (TCPM), which required differentiation from sweat duct/gland tumors. We investigated the histopathological findings of TCPMs and evaluated the immunohistochemical expression of cytokeratin (CK) 10, CK13, CK17, CK19, CD8, and CD117. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed on the 5 TCPMs, 10 trichilemmal cysts (TCs), 5 clear‐cell hidradenomas, 5 poroid hidradenomas, and cutaneous normal adnexa.ResultsApoptotic cells were present in the cyst wall with a small amount of keratin or calcification in the cavity of TCPMs. The TCPMs and TCs were negative for CK19 and CD117, on the other hand clear‐cell hidradenoma and poroid hidradenoma were positive for CK19 and CD117. The restricted positivity for CK10 was detected in the suprabasal layers of the cyst walls of TCPMs and TCs. The immunostaining patterns of TCPMs and TCs were similar to those of normal follicular isthmus.ConclusionsThe histopathological findings with characteristics of TCs and a panel of immunohistochemical antibodies including CD117, CK19, and CK10 contributed to a correct diagnosis of TCPM.
Cardiovascular and renal outcomes with canagliflozin in patients with peripheral arterial disease: Data from the CANVAS Program and CREDENCE trial
Authors: Barraclough Jennifer Y. , Yu Jie , Figtree Gemma A. , Perkovic Vlado , Heerspink Hiddo J. L. , Neuen Brendon L. , Cannon Christopher P. , Mahaffey Kenneth W. , Schutte Aletta E. , Neal Bruce , Arnott Clare 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimTo define the proportional and absolute benefits of the sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitor canagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) with and without peripheral arterial disease (PAD).Materials and MethodsWe pooled individual participant data from the CANVAS Program (n = 10 142) and CREDENCE trial (n = 4401). In this post hoc analysis, the main outcomes of interest were major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE: non‐fatal myocardial infarction, non‐fatal stroke or cardiovascular death), kidney outcomes, and extended major adverse limb events (MALE). Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess canagliflozin treatment effects in those with and without PAD. Absolute risk reductions per 1000 patients treated for 2.5 years were estimated using Poisson regression.ResultsOf 14 543 participants, 3159 (21.7%) had PAD at baseline. In patients with PAD, canagliflozin reduced MACE (hazard ratio, 0.76; 95% confidence interval, 0.62‐0.92), with similar relative benefits for other cardiovascular and kidney outcomes in participants with or without PAD at baseline (all Pinteraction > .268). There was no increase in the relative risk of extended MALE with canagliflozin, irrespective of baseline PAD history (Pinteraction > .864). The absolute benefits of canagliflozin were greater in those with PAD.ConclusionsPatients with T2D and PAD derived similar relative cardiorenal benefits from canagliflozin treatment but higher absolute benefits compared with those without PAD, with no increase in extended MALE.
A green skills framework for climate action, gender empowerment, and climate justice
Authors: Kwauk Christina T. , Casey Olivia M. 
Published: February 2022

SummaryMotivationAs governments move in earnest toward a green economy, few countries are considering education policy that can facilitate the development of green skills for such transitions. Where policy discussions are happening, green skills are often conflated with science, technology, engineering, and maths (STEM) skills, with little attention to the breadth of green skills needed to achieve climate justice.PurposeWe present a green skills framework to help support policy stakeholders imagine a continuum of green skills for a just transition.Methods and approachThis article applies a critical feminist lens to understand how green skills have been conceptualized across the gender and adolescence, greening and sustainability, and education fields. It also integrates the perspectives of stakeholders from climate, education, and gender‐focused multilateral, government, and non‐governmental organizations working on green skills.FindingsThe analysis finds that green skills coalesce around three distinct but overlapping paradigms. The first understands green skills through a technical lens as the specific capacities needed for green jobs. The second and third paradigms understand green skills through a sociological lens, seeking to tackle the behaviours and social structures driving the climate crisis. As such, they centre on cross‐cutting generic capacities and transformative capacities, respectively. Taken together, the article offers a new definition of green skills for policy stakeholders.Policy implicationsThe three approaches to green skills outlined in this paper constitute the pillars of a new green learning agenda for climate action, climate empowerment, and climate justice. This green learning agenda fills a significant void in both climate policy and education policy, and could help governments address current capacity building needs while setting their populations up for the long‐term social transformations required to achieve a just transition.
Effects of multimorbidity on incident COVID‐19 events and its interplay with COVID‐19 event status on subsequent incident myocardial infarction (MI)
Authors: Lip Gregory Y. H. , Genaidy Ash , Tran George , Marroquin Patricia , Estes Cara , Sloop Sue 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundWith the spread of COVID‐19 pandemic, there have been reports on its impact on incident myocardial infarction (MI) emanating from studies with small to modest sample sizes. We therefore examined the incidence of MI in a very large population health cohort with COVID‐19 using a methodology which integrates the dynamicity of prior comorbid history. We used two approaches, i.e. main effect modelling and a machine learning (ML) methodology, accounting for the complex dynamic relationships among comorbidity and other variables.MethodsWe studied a very large prospective 18–90‐year US population, including 4,289,481 patients from medical databases in a 12‐month investigation of those with/without newly incident COVID‐19 cases together with a 2‐year comorbid profile in the baseline period. Incident MI outcomes were examined in relationship to diverse multimorbid conditions, COVID‐19 status and demographic variables—with ML accounting for the dynamic nature of changing multimorbidity risk factors.ResultsMultimorbidity, defined as a composite of cardiometabolic/noncardiometabolic comorbid profile, significantly contributed to the onset of confirmed COVID‐19 cases. Furthermore, a main effect model (C‐index value 0.932; 95%CI 0.930–0.934) had medium to large effect sizes with incident MI outcomes in a COVID‐19 cohort for the classic multimorbid conditions in medical history profile which includes prior coronary artery disease (OR 4.61 95%CI 4.49–4.73); hypertension (OR 3.55 95%CI 3.55–3.83); congestive heart failure (2.31 95%CI 2.24–2.37); valvular disease (1.43 95%CI 1.39–1.47); stroke (1.30 95%CI 1.26–1.34); and diabetes (1.26 95%CI 1.23–1.34). COVID‐19 status (1.86 95%CI 1.79–1.93) contributed an independent large size risk effect for incident MI. The ML algorithm demonstrated better discriminatory validity than the main effect model (training: C‐index 0.949, 95%CI 0.948–0.95; validation: C‐index 0.949, 95%CI 0.948–0.95). Calibration of the ML‐based formulation was satisfactory and better than the main effect model. Decision curve analysis demonstrated that the ML clinical utility was better than the ‘treat all’ strategy and the main effect model. The ML logistic regression model was better than the neural network algorithm.ConclusionThe very large investigation conducted herein confirmed the importance of cardiometabolic and noncardiometabolic multimorbidity in increasing vulnerabilities to a higher risk of COVID‐19 infections. Furthermore, the presence of COVID‐19 infections increased incident MI complications both in terms of independent effects and interactions with the multimorbid profile and age.