bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Challenges and innovation of management in higher education: Ukrainian dimension
Authors: Humeniuk Iryna , Humeniuk Oleksandr , Matiienko Olena , Manghos Elvira , Malyshev Kostiantyn 
Published: May 2022

Educational management is becoming a global priority as higher education institutions are recognizing the importance of offering high-quality, high-engagement teaching and learning experiences. The current research presents the analysis of educational management in higher institutions of Ukraine covering both the general state management and university management particularly. The article offers examination of world experience in the educational management, the impact of globalization, current challenges in education worldwide on the development of Ukrainian educational management. The methodology applied in the paper includes qualitative analysis method, method of critical induction, information reinterpretation, and finally generalization. Based on the research conducted it is stated that for the Ukrainian management in education, such notions as centralization and narrow-minded view of the professional competence of the manager still prevail. However, as the result of globalization, internationalization, and digitalization the impact of the managerial experience of the developed countries on Ukraine is essential; there are trends in the transition to a modern type of management education, strengthening its professional and personal orientation, the emergence of new educational programs competitive worldwide.
Private Enforcement of the German Debt Brake
Authors: Hauser Patrick 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The purpose of the “debt brake” laid down in the German constitution is to limit public debt. However, public law mechanisms are unsuited in practice to prevent excessive government deficits. This article argues that, contrary to the prevailing opinion, the effects of the debt brake are not limited to public law. Rather, infringements of the debt brake may result in civil law consequences. It is argued that state loans or bonds violating the debt brake may be null and void and the parties in this case must make restitution under unjust enrichment law. Therefore, (potential) creditors have an interest to monitor government borrowing. A form of "private enforcement" of the debt brake is, therefore, possible.
Relationship of altitude, individual seed weight, and kernel colonization by Aspergillus flavus with biochemical parameters of various Ethiopian groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) accessions
Authors: Syraji Yonas , P.R. Jeyaramraja 
Published: May 2022

Groundnut is one of the five extensively grown oil crops of Ethiopia. Groundnut kernels contain 40-50% fat, 20-50% protein, and 10-20% carbohydrate and are rich in vitamin E, niacin, riboflavin, thiamine, falacin, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, iron, and potassium. This study aimed to determine individual seed weight, kernel colonization by Aspergillus flavus, and biochemical parameters in groundnut seeds collected from different areas of Ethiopia. Groundnut germplasm in the form of seeds was collected from the Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute (EBI), further information about each accession location and altitude was also collected from the institute. Parameters such as individual seed weight (ISW), kernel colonization by A. flavus, and biochemical parameters (i.e. total carbohydrate, protein, and total free amino acids) were measured in the groundnut seeds. A negative relationship between ISW and altitude (p<0.01) was observed in this study which indicates that an increase in altitude would result in a decrease in seed weight. A positive relationship between altitude with total carbohydrate (p<0.01) and with total free amino acids (p<0.05) was also observed. Low-ISW accessions exhibited significantly higher total carbohydrates while high-ISW accessions exhibited significantly higher total free amino acids in their seeds. Groundnut seeds of EBI accessions with 0% kernel colonization contained less total carbohydrate, and the accessions with 100% kernel colonization contained the highest total carbohydrates. Besides, total carbohydrates correlated positively with kernel colonization (p<0.01). So, it is postulated that high total carbohydrate makes groundnut seeds susceptible to A. flavus colonization.
Isolation and determination of Vibrio spp. pathogen from Sciaenops ocellatus suffering from hemorrhagic disease under cage culture in Vietnam
Authors: Linh Nguyen Quang , Yen Pham Thi Hai , Tram Nguyen Duy Quynh 
Published: May 2022

This study was carried out to isolate and determine the Vibrio spp. from the Red drum fish (Sciaenops ocellatus) suffering from the hemorrhagic disease in Vietnam. In this study, 18 strains of Vibrio bacteria were identified from 27 samples of Red drum fish. The isolated bacterial strains were identified with the 16S rRNA sequencing method and checked for morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics by using the API 20E KIT. Results of the study revealed the presence of twelve strains of V. alginolyticus, three strains of V. fluvialis, and three strains of V. orientalis. All Vibrio strains have gene similarities with those on the Genbank ranging from 98.05 to 100%. The biochemical characteristics of these 18 isolates were similar and these are susceptible to tetracycline and doxycycline and entirely resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin, and erythromycin.
Is Aflatoxin More in the Milk of Lactating Mothers Who Have Previously Had COVID-19?
Authors: Seifi Sepideh 
Published: May 2022

Background: Breast milk provides the ideal nutrition for infants. It has a nearly perfect mix of vitamins, protein, and fat. Breastfeeding has many health benefits for both the mother and infant. Breast milk contains all the nutrients an infant needs in the first six months of life. The present study aimed to measure aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) levels in breast milk and identify nutritional and socio-demographic factors associated with AFM1 levels. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted to assess AFM1 levels in the breast milk of 100 mothers by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), 20 of whom had COVID-19 in the past 4 months during June 2020-March 2021. The participants were given a questionnaire to answer nutritional and socio-demographic questions, such as age, place of residence, COVID-19, educational status, employment status, and body mass index (BMI). Results: The mean age of mothers was 29.1 ± 4.9 years. Based on the results, 39/100 samples had AFM1 more than 5 ng/l, and all 20 mothers who previously had COVID-19 had AFM1 in their milk. The mean AFM1 was 7.10 ng/l and ranged 5.37–9.01 ng/l. Consumption of milk and yogurt also significantly increased AFM1 in milk. Moreover, place of residence and BMI and COVID-19 had a statistically significant effect on the presence of AFM1. Conclusion: The AFM1 contamination was significantly associated with the consumption of milk and yogurt by the lactating mother. Breastfeeding mothers should be careful in their food intake and try to fit their BMI. The presence of aflatoxin in the lactating mothers who previously had COVID-19 indicates that their children are more vulnerable.
Effects of Acute Potassium Chloride Administration on Ventricular Dysrhythmias after Myocardial Infarction in a Rat Model of Ischemia/Reperfusion
Authors: Madadi Firoozeh , Aghajani Marjan , Dabbagh Ali , Fani Kamal , Sehati Fardin , Imani Alireza 
Published: May 2022

Background: Acute myocardial infarction is an important cause of morbidity. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the administration of potassium chloride (KCl) on reperfusion-induced injuries in a rat model of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion.
Methods: Thirty-six male Wistar rats, weighing 200 to 250 g, were randomly assigned to 3 experimental groups: control, K1 (10 µg/kg of KCl), and K2 (20 µg/kg of KCl). Twenty minutes before ischemia, a single dose of 10 and 20 µg/kg of KCl was intraperitoneally administered in the K1 and K2 groups, respectively. The coronary artery was occluded for 30 minutes (ischemia); thereafter, it was opened for 60 minutes (reperfusion) to measure hemodynamic parameters and ventricular arrhythmias. Blood sampling was performed after the reperfusion period to determine the serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase, troponin I, creatine kinase (CK)-MB, malondialdehyde, and pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance.
Results: Serological parameters significantly decreased in the potassium groups compared with the control group. In particular, the decline was more pronounced for the serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase (1180.25±69.48 vs 1556.67±77.02 U/L; P=0.011), troponin I (21.98±0.61 vs 28.76±1.65 ng/mL; P=0.020), and pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance (15.51±0.72 vs 20.63±1.42 HK; P=0.041) in the K2 group compared with the K1 group. Moreover, the administration of 20 µg/kg of KCl significantly decreased the incidence of ventricular tachycardias and fibrillations compared with the control group (P=0.002). Additionally, no considerable differences were observed between the control group and the groups with 10 µg/kg and 20 µg/kg of KCl regarding the number of ventricular ectopic beats.
Conclusion: The administration of KCl before ischemia could reduce ventricular arrhythmias and reperfusion-induced injuries by reducing oxidative stress.
Ventricular Tachycardia Storm in a Patient with an Implanted Cardioverter-Defibrillator following COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Kasinadhuni Ganesh , Prasad Krishna , Vijayvergiya Rajesh , Malhi Tejinder Singh 
Published: May 2022

Severe Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection presents with acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiorgan dysfunction. Cardiac involvement is seen in about a quarter of patients, and it can present as acute coronary syndromes, arrhythmias, myocarditis, and thromboembolic events. Ventricular arrhythmias in the setting of COVID-19 infection are usually multifactorial in etiology. There are only a few reports of ventricular tachycardia (VT) storms in patients with COVID-19 infection. We hereby report a case of an elderly man with severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction and a stable cardiac status for the last few years who, following coronary artery bypass graft surgery and implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation, experienced a VT storm after a COVID-19 infection. The VT storm was controlled using multiple ICD shocks, along with antiarrhythmic drugs. Following his recovery from COVID-19 infection, the patient was asymptomatic at a 3-month follow-up.
Milieu Institutionnel, Sexe Et Stabilité Émotionnelle/Névrosisme Chez Des Orphelins Et Enfants Vulnérables Du Fait Du VIH À Abidjan
Authors: Franck Severin Ando Amalaman 
Published: May 2022

Le présent travail évalue l’influence séparée et conjointe de la vie en milieu institutionnel et du sexe sur la stabilité émotionnelle ou le névrosisme chez des orphelins et enfants rendus vulnérables du fait du VIH (OEV).
Quatre-vingt-trois (83) sujets âgés de 12-17 ans suivis au Centre Intégré de Recherches Biocliniques d’Abidjan (CIRBA) ont pris part à l’enquête. Ceux-ci ont été soumis à un questionnaire sociodémographique ainsi qu’à l’inventaire de personnalité de H. Eysenck (1971).
Les résultats indiquent d’une part, que les adolescents vivant en milieu institutionnel tendent à développer le névrosisme comparativement à leurs homologues vivant avec au moins un membre de la famille. En fait, les premiers se sentent abandonnés par leur famille et leur vie quotidienne est rythmée de rituels liés à la prise en charge du VIH/Sida, notamment les prises du traitement ARV. D’autre part, que les garçons font plus preuve de stabilité émotionnelle par rapport aux filles, car celles-ci se projettent très souvent dans leur vie d’adulte, en considérant la difficulté à avoir un conjoint qui accepte leur sérologie VIH positive. Par ailleurs, les filles vivant en milieu institutionnel connaissent une instabilité émotionnelle par rapport aux garçons qui vivent avec au moins un membre de famille.
The present study evaluates the separate and joint influence of institutional life and gender on emotional stability or neuroticism in orphans and children made vulnerable by HIV (OVC).
Eighty-three (83) subjects aged 12-17 years followed at the Centre Intégré de Recherches Biocliniques d'Abidjan (CIRBA) took part in the survey. They were subjected to a socio-demographic questionnaire as well as to the personality inventory of H. Eysenck (1971).
The results indicate that adolescents living in an institutional setting tend to develop neuroticism compared to their counterparts living with at least one family member. In fact, the former feel abandoned by their family and their daily life is punctuated by rituals related to the management of HIV/AIDS, particularly the taking of ARV treatment. On the other hand, boys are more emotionally stable than girls, because they often project themselves into their adult lives, considering the difficulty of having a spouse who accepts their positive HIV status. On the other hand, girls living in institutional settings experience emotional instability compared to boys who live with at least one family member.
Connaissance Des Normes De Gestion Des Ressources En Eau Souterraine Dans La Vallée Du Fleuve Niger Au Bénin
Authors: Abdou Razak Maman , Mohamed Nasser Baco 
Published: May 2022

Le développement de la culture du coton dans le nord du pays par l’Etat de Côte d’Ivoire visait à lutter contre les disparités régionales, à réduire l’exode rural et la pauvreté. Quant à la vulgarisation de l’anacarde, elle répond à un souci de diversification des revenus des producteurs, quoiqu’introduit, au départ, en tant qu’essence forestière pour lutter contre la désertification. Le présent article se propose de déterminer les différents facteurs influençant l’adoption et l’abandon du coton et de l’anacarde dans le département de Sinematiali Les producteurs du coton et de l’anacarde poursuivent des enjeux basés sur la satisfaction des besoins socioéconomiques et nutritionnels, qui sont influencés par un certain nombre de facteurs, tant favorables que défavorables ; autrement dit, des facteurs de l’adoption et de l’abandon. Relativement aux facteurs de l’adoption, facteurs ont été évoqués. Il s’agit des facteurs économiques, sociaux, environnementaux, des facteurs liés à l’encadrement ainsi que d’autres facteurs de considérations distinctes. Pour ce qui est des facteurs de l’abandon, trois facteurs, qui se rapportent aux aspects économiques, aux aspects liés aux pratiques culturales et aux aspects divers, ont permis d’expliquer ce phénomène. Au plan méthodologique, l’article s’appuie sur une approche mixte (qualitative que quantitative), à visée compréhensive et axée sur la recherche documentaire, l’observation directe, les entretiens semi-directifs ainsi que sur les enquêtes.
The present study, whose objective is to understand the knowledge of local actors on the conditions of use of irrigation systems and their current practices, was conducted in the Niger River Valley in Benin. One hundred and ten people took part in individual interviews and in-depth surveys based on an interview guide and questionnaires collected through the Android KoboCollect App. Translation of recordings from smartphones facilitated data collection and processing. Direct actors in two villages, Garou and Toumboutou, at the UGPPM and SOTA perimeters, communal authorities, public administration agents, and resource persons were involved in this study. The content analysis of the speeches and descriptive statistics were used. Our results show that the public administration has made regulatory provisions through various laws and water codes, with the predominant involvement of public sector actors without the participation of local users. The different perceptions of local actors reveal a legal ambiguity regarding usage rights, the appropriation of hydro-agricultural resource regulations by local actors, or confusion regarding free access to water resources, which could lead to overexploitation. It is essential to make users aware of the dangers of abusing hydro-agricultural resources and dispel the irrational concerns of local actors regarding the management of irrigation water, which is already regulated by the national authority.
Dynamique d’occupation et d’utilisation des sols et la hausse de la nappe dans la basse vallée du Dallol Maouri
Authors: Abdou Mahaman Rabilou , Nazoumou Yahaya , Favreau Guillaume , Issoufou Ousmane Boukari 
Published: May 2022

L’état de surface de la zone sahélienne a subi plusieurs mutations ces dernières années suite au changement climatique et aux activités anthropiques, ce qui amplifie les évènements extrêmes. L’analyse de la dynamique d’occupation et d’utilisation des sols s’avère un outil excellent pour renforcer la résilience de la population. L’état de surface de la basse vallée du Dallol Maouri, qui constitue un affluent fossile du fleuve Niger, a subi plusieurs modifications depuis les années 70. L’objectif de cet article est d’évaluer l’impact de la dynamique d’occupation des sols sur la hausse du niveau piézométrique de la nappe libre de la basse vallée du Dallol Maouri. L’analyse de la dynamique d’occupation et d’utilisation des sols montre une nette régression de la classe de savanes arborées et arbustives, et nette progression de mosaïque cultures-jachères. La classe des savanes arborées et arbustives, qui était largement représentée dans cette région, a perdu 61 % de sa superficie en 42 ans, soit 38 000 ha de 62 000 ha qu’elle représente en 1973. La progression importante des mosaïques cultures jachères et de sols nus et habitats, montre l’emprise des activités anthropiques telles que l’agriculture extensive et urbanisation. Le suivi de l’évolution de la nappe libre de la zone durant la période étudiée a montré une certaine remontée du niveau piézométrique de 3,4 m sur le plateau, et 1,6 m dans la vallée du Dallol Maouri.
The Sahelian environment zone has undergone several changes in recent years due to climate change and human activities, which amplifies extreme events. The analysis of the dynamics of land occupation and use is an excellent tool for strengthening the resilience of the population. The surface condition of the lower Dallol Maouri valley, which constitutes a fossil tributary of the Niger River, has undergone several modifications since the 1970s. The objective of this article is to assess the impact of the occupation dynamics soils on the rise in the piezometric level of the unconfined aquifer of the lower Dallol Maouri valley. The analysis of the dynamics of land occupation and use shows a clear regression of the class of tree and shrub savannahs, and a clear progression of crop-fallow mosaic. The class of wooded and shrubby savannahs, which was widely represented in this region, has lost 61% of its surface area in 42 years, i.e. 38,000 ha from the 62,000 ha it represented in 1973. The significant progression of mosaic fallow crops and of bare soils and habitats, shows the influence of human activities such as extensive agriculture and urbanization. The monitoring of the evolution of the unconfined aquifer in the area during the period studied showed a certain rise in the piezometric level of 3.4 m on the plateau, and 1.6 m in the Dallol Maouri valley.
Inventaire Et Identification Des Dégâts Des Insectes Infestant Les Plants De Manioc (Manihot Esculenta Crantz) À Deux Et Huit Mois Après Plantation Et Essai De Lutte Biologique Dans La Localité De Daloa (Côte d’Ivoire)
Authors: Auguste-Denise Boyé Mambé , Demin Marcos Boumi , N’Gonian Serge Kouadio , Franck Borel Acka , Yatty Justin Kouadio , Pierre Valérie Niaba 
Published: May 2022

Le manioc est devenu un aliment de base des populations de Côte d’Ivoire. La présente étude qui lui est consacrée a été réalisée dans la période d'avril à octobre 2020 et avait pour objectif d'établir l'inventaire de l'entomofaune qui lui est associée, trouver leurs dégâts afin de mettre en place une stratégie de lutte pouvant réduire ces pathogènes. Cette étude a été réalisée sur deux variétés de manioc : Bocou 1 et Yavo. Plusieurs méthodes ont été utilisées pour la collecte des insectes à savoir : le piégeage, la capture à la main et au filet fauchoir. Les résultats ont montré une entomofaune très diversifiée avec 12 ordres d’insectes parmi lesquels il peut être cité : les Hétéroptères (les plus nombreux), suivis des Diptères, des Thysanoptères, des Coléoptères, des Hyménoptères et des Orthoptères. Ces insectes ravageurs sont vecteurs de plusieurs maladies dont la virose avec une incidence de 38,88% chez la variété Bocou 1, la bactériose avec une incidence de 85,55% chez la variété Yavo et 67,77% chez la variété Bocou 1. La solution aqueuse à base de neem a été également utilisée afin de lutter contre ces ravageurs. Cette solution s’est montrée efficace contre les insectes ravageurs des cultures de manioc. Cette étude a donc permis de faire l'inventaire de quelques insectes associés au manioc dans cette localité et d’établir une méthode de lutte biologique.
Cassava has become a staple food for people in Côte d'Ivoire. The present study devoted to it was carried out in the period from April to October and aims to establish an inventory of the entomofauna associated with it, to find their damage in order to set up a control strategy that can reduce these pathogens. This study was carried out on two varieties of cassava: Bocou 1 and Yavo. Several methods were used for the collection of insects namely: trapping, capture by hand and with a hay net. The results showed a very diverse entomofauna with 12 orders of insects among which we can cite: Heteroptera, the most numerous, followed by Diptera, Thysanoptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Orthoptera. These insect pests are vectors of several diseases including virosis with an incidence of 38.88% in variety Bocou 1, bacteriosis with an incidence of 85.55% in variety Yavo and 67.77% in variety Bocou 1. The aqueous solution based on neem has also been used to control these pests. This solution has been shown to be effective against insect pests of cassava crops. This study therefore made it possible to make an inventory of some insects associated with cassava in this locality and to establish a method of biological control.