bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formation and Eruption of Hot Channels during an M6.5 Class Solar Flare
Authors: Liu Yanjie , Su Yingna , Liu Rui , Chen Jialin , Liu Tie , Ji Haisheng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We investigate the formation and eruption of hot channels associated with the M6.5 class flare (SOL 2015-06-22T18:23) that occurred in NOAA AR 12371 on 2015 June 22. Two flare precursors are observed before the flare’s main phase. Observations in 94 and 131 Å by SDO/AIA revealed the early morphology of the first hot channel as a group of hot loops, termed the seed hot channel. A few seed hot channels are formed above the polarity inversion line (PIL) and the formation is associated with the parallel motion of the footpoint brightenings along the PIL, which proceeds into the early stage of the flare main phase. During this process, seed hot channels build up and rise slowly, accelerating at the peak of the second precursor. They merge during the process of acceleration, forming a larger hot channel, which then forms an inverted-γ-shape kinking structure. Before the flare peak, the second kinking hot channel with negative crossing appears near the first kinking hot channel that erupted. The eruption of these two hot channels produces two peaks on the main flare's GOES light curve. The propagation of the footpoint brightenings along the PIL indicates that the first kinking hot channel may be formed due to zipper reconnection. The occurrence of merging between seed hot channels observed by AIA is supported by the extrapolated nonlinear force-free field models. The observed writhing motion of the first kinking hot channel may be driven by the Lorentz force.
Espaces démocratiques et gouvernance territoriale : comment organiser collectivement les mutations du système alimentaire ?
Authors: Michel Sophie 
Published: December 2022

Transformer les systèmes alimentaires est un défi majeur de notre société appelant à mieux développer, coordonner et diffuser les innovations agroalimentaires. Notre étude s’intéresse à la manière dont les acteurs du territoire tentent de relever ce défi grâce à la gouvernance alimentaire territoriale (GAT). En s’inspirant de la notion de forum hybride, proposée par Callon, et à partir de l’étude de cas d’un projet alimentaire territorial, cet article explore la dynamique collective et la démarche démocratique favorisant l’émergence et le fonctionnement de la GAT. Les résultats décrivent la création de multiples espaces complémentaires avec des efforts de neutralité et d’ouverture, tout en soulignant le risque de brèches entre les espaces et le manque de procédures qui fragilisent la démarche initiale. L’étude contribue à identifier des caractéristiques clés de ces processus démocratiques et fournit des points de vigilance dans la mise en œuvre. Codes JEL : O35, Q18
Une poésie du deuil de soi-même : le jisei
Authors: Reboul Pierre 
Published: December 2022

C’est vers l’Asie, et en particulier le Japon, que je souhaiterais orienter nos regards. Vers ce type tout particulier de « poèmes haïkus de la mort de soi » nommé jisei, genre qui se consacre exclusivement au traitement de ce thème.
Anticiper pour mieux apprécier sa fin de vie
Authors: Tête Caroline 
Published: December 2022

La perspective de la fin, et par extension, de la fin de vie, n’est pas liée à l’âge ni à la maladie mais bien à des processus cognitifs communs à tous les individus. Bien que cette question de timing reste complexe, cet article suggère au moins une solution potentielle et contre-intuitive : imaginer que notre vie va bientôt se terminer.
De l’âge à de nouvelles formes de catégorisation des personnes âgées
Authors: Argoud Dominique , Bresson Maryse , Jetté Christian 
Published: December 2022

Proposant une mise en perspective de l’évolution relative à deux systèmes sanitaires et sociaux différents, en France et au Québec, l’article met en évidence des similarités allant, notamment, dans le sens d’un moindre recours à l’âge dans la définition des politiques publiques. Si l’âge chronologique ne joue plus un rôle aussi structurant que par le passé, d’autres formes de catégorisation ont pris le relais : en particulier, celle, relativement binaire, tendant à dissocier les « jeunes vieux » des « vieux vieux » et renvoyant à deux référentiels d’action publique distincts. Pour autant, il nous semble que la critique à l’égard des effets stigmatisants induits par les catégories d’âge reste valable, même s’il paraît nécessaire de la réactualiser au regard de la perte de vitesse des critères d’âge et de l’émergence de catégorisations aux contours plus perméables, dont les conséquences en termes de discriminations sont sans doute plus importantes. C’est ce que cet article entend démontrer en prenant en compte l’évolution des politiques publiques tant en France qu’au Québec.
Polygala idukkiana (Polygalaceae), a new species from the southern Western Ghats, India
Authors: Vishnu Mohan , Nampy Santhosh 
Published: December 2022

Polygala idukkiana (Polygalaceae) is described as a new species from the Idukki district of Kerala in the southern Western Ghats. Detailed description along with colour photographs, distribution map, and key to the identification of Polygala species occurring in Kerala are provided. The new species is compared with the morphologically allied P. sibirica, P. rosmarinifolia, and P. chinensis. The conservation status of the new species is assessed provisionally as Data Deficient (DD) according to IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.
Targeting KDM4B attenuates IL-13-mediated fibrosis in bronchial fibroblasts of severe asthmatics
Authors: Bajbouj Khuloud , Ramakrishnan Rakhee K. , Alketbi Huda , Sahnoon Lina , Shafarin Jasmin , Hachim Mahmood Y. , Olivenstein Ronald , Hamid Qutayba 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Asthma is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by chronic inflammation and remodeling of the airways. Asthma is mainly driven by type 2 immune responses, where interleukin-13 (IL-13) plays a key role in asthma pathogenesis. KDM4B/JMJD2B is an IL-13-regulated epigenetic modifier in asthmatic airway fibroblasts. Therefore, this study aimed to target KDM4B to potentially alleviate IL-13-mediated fibrosis in asthma.

Methods:
Bronchial fibroblasts isolated from asthmatic individuals were stimulated with IL-13 and treated with JIB-04, a pan-selective inhibitor of histone demethylase(s). The expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) markers was assessed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity assay. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay was used to determine the binding of KDM4B and H3K36me3 to promoter region of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2). KDM4B knockdown was performed to confirm its direct role on TIMP/MMP regulation.

Results:
JIB-04 inhibited KDM4B activity by reducing the demethylation of its downstream target, H3K36me3, in asthmatic fibroblasts. Inhibition of KDM4B significantly affected the viability of the bronchial fibroblasts at 48 h. KDM4B inhibition was further associated with the downregulation of ECM proteins such as MMP-2, MMP-9, collagen-1, and fibronectin, and upregulation of TIMP-2, at both the gene and protein levels. This was accompanied by the inhibition of IL-13-mediated fibrotic response. JIB-04 further prevented KDM4B association and enhanced H3K36 binding with promoter region of TIMP-2 leading to its increased transcription. KDM4B knockdown further resulted in inducing TIMP-2 expression and inhibited MMP-9 activation.

Conclusion:
Therapeutic targeting of KDM4B using JIB-04 is a promising candidate to alleviate IL-13-mediated responses in chronic disorders such as asthma.
Insights into Patterns of Knowledge, Practices, and Safety Use of Energy Drinks
Authors: Al-Taie Anmar , Arueyingho Oritsetimeyin 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Energy drinks (EDs) are largely consumed by adolescents and sports youths without understanding safety precautions and associated side effects. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, practices, and safety use, including the occurrence of side effects of EDs among adolescents and sports youths in Kyrenia, Northern Cyprus.

Methods:
This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted among adolescents and sports youths in Kyrenia province, Northern Cyprus, using a structured three-part questionnaire, consisting of 22 items to assess the knowledge, practices, and safety use of EDs.

Results:
The most common reported adverse effects were insomnia and palpitations (24%), diuresis (18.7%), headache (17.7%), and stress (15.6%). The study participants reported a statistically significant low knowledge about the ingredients of EDs (P < 0.0001) and side effects of EDs (P = 0.05). Although statistically nonsignificant, the study participants also reported a low knowledge about ED intake during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusions:
There is still a lack of knowledge regarding ED consumption among the adolescents and sports youths in Northern Cyprus reported by low level of knowledge about the ingredients of EDs, their potential effects, and incidence of side effects along with correct consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic which creates a barrier to healthy dietary patterns.
Modified Intelligent Magnetic Nanoparticles as a Treatment for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Type 2 In Silico
Authors: Khodaee Arefeh , Shirmohammadi Nima , Aghanouri Reza 
Published: December 2022

Background:
The pandemic situation of the new coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-COV-2]) forces drug designers to formulate a new intelligent drug for this disease effective to treat all mutations of the virus. One way to control all mutations of virus is inhibition of spike protein (binding with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 [ACE-2]) duo to inhibit the viral entry. Viral entry is the first step for virus to start infection.

Methods:
In this work, the interactions of SARS-COV-2 spike protein and ACE-2 are evaluated in silico by docking process and four different ligands are estimated to simulate those interactions to avoid bindings with ACE-2 needed for viral entry in reality. All ligand–receptor interactions are considered.

Results:
Results approve the suggested ligands in this work, have a definite inhibitory effect on SARS-COV-2 spike protein based on the interactions which they make with the receptor-binding domain. Docking process is done repeatedly to assure conclusions.

Conclusion:
All interactions were considered by docking of the receptor and ligands. All kinds of interactions contain Hydrogen bonds, steric bonds and etc approving the possibility of ligands to bind the receptor. These interactions approve the antiviral effects of ligands. As the result, ligands were approved to have an antiviral effect on SARS -COV -2. ligands 1 and 2 have higher affinity than other ligands which is completely compatible with the results invitro done by this paper authors.
Omicron, a New Variant of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 Virus
Authors: Kumar Awanish 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Currently, a massive surge of Omicron (a new variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 [SARS-CoV-2]) is experiencing in several continents of the world (Asia, Europe, USA, etc.). Omicron (B.1.1.529) is the third variant of concern (VOC) that has emerged now in the COVID-19 pandemic after the Alpha (B.1.1.7) VOC (first reported in the UK in December 2020, followed by Delta (B.1.617.2) in mid-2021 in India). Omicron variant was emerged in South Africa and has now found in several countries.

Methods:
The spread of variants cannot be stopped because countries of the world are connected. This new variant can evade COVID-19 vaccine response and is highly transmissible because Omicron is differing from other variants in many aspects. Omicron has more mutations as compared to Alpha and Delta variants of SARS-CoV-2.

Results:
It was detected early on a global scale relative to other variants. The more opportunities viruses have to spread, the more it will replicate, the more opportunities virus has to undergo mutations, and create new variants. Omicron may not be horrible and serious as compared to Delta, but its early detection could prevent people. Omicron is an upper respiratory infection, whereas Delta resides in lower respiratory tract. Spread of Omicron is fast, but nothing can say about its severity because there is not much information available on Omicron.

Conclusions:
Currently, scientists and epidemiologists are working tirelessly together to find out what Omicron can do. This article explains genome structure of SARS-CoV-2, its pathogenesis, global upsurge, devastation, and future prospect.
Impact of Previous Infection and Body Mass Index on Interferon-gamma and Immunoglobulin G Level Generated Against Three Types of Vaccines Available in Iraq
Authors: Hassan Rawaq Taleb , Mohammed Suhad Hadi 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Due to increased vaccination rates and the continued spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, many people are developing “hybrid immunity” to the virus. On the other hand, a high body mass index (BMI) has been associated with a reduced immune response to vaccination.the aims of this study was to measuring the level of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) generated against different types of vaccines in vaccinated individuals with and without previous infection and with BMI. a cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2021 and April 2022.

Methods:
A blood sample was obtained from 174 vaccinated persons. SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels and IFN-γ were detected using SARS-CoV-2 IgG II quant and ELISAtechniques, respectively. statistical Analysis Used IBM SPSS version 24 software was used. Quantitative results are indicated as mean ± standard deviation. The statistical significance level was set at P < 0.05.

Results:
There was no statistically significant difference in IgG and IFN-γ mean levels between the vaccinated individual with and without confirmed previous infection. However, there was a significant difference in the case of the AstraZeneca vaccine regarding IgG levels only. The mean antibody concentration of patients with normal weight who received the Pfizer vaccine showed a slightly significant difference. Regarding the IFN-γ level, there was a significant difference among the three types of vaccines in obese individuals.

Conclusion:
Previous infection with coronavirus disease-2019 seems to have no effect on IgG and IFN-γ levels after vaccination. In addition, normal-weight individuals might possibly respond better to the vaccine and produce more antibody levels.
Parasitic Infections among Pupils in Three Kwara Senatorial Districts, Nigeria
Authors: Aliyu Raufu Alabi , Omosigho Pius Omoruyi , Olaniyan Mathew Folaranmi 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Protozoan and helminthes infections are common parasitic infections in Nigeria associated with fatal complications if not detected early or neglected. This work, therefore, investigated parasitic infections among pupils in Kwara Senatorial Districts for useful information for preventive healthcare.

Methods:
Stool, urine, and blood samples of 638 subjects (Kwara Central: 152; Kwara South: 263 and Kwara North: 223) were examined for parasites using concentration techniques, Giemsa staining, and microscopy.

Results:
The results obtained showed the overall prevalence of pupils infected with parasites in Kwara state was 17.9% (114/638). The result obtained in Kwara Central indicated that 15.1% (23/152) of the pupils were infected with parasites. In Kwara South, 2.66% (7/263) of the pupils were infected with parasites. In Kwara North, 37.7% (84/223) were infected with parasites. Distribution of parasitic infection in primary school pupils in Kwara State was: 60.5% (69) Ascaris
Lumbricoides; 12.2% (14) Schistosoma
mansoni; 8.8% (10) Hookworm; 9.7% (11) Entamoeba
histolytica; 4.4% (5) Fassiola
gigantical; 2.6% (3) Plasmodium spp., and 1.8% (2) Schistosoma
haematobium. The distribution of parasitic infections among the pupils based on age included: 0% (0) (1–5 years). 55.3% (63) (6–10 years) 43.8% (50) (11–15 years), and 0.9% (1) (16–20 years).

Conclusion:
The parasitic infections among pupils in Kwara Senatorial Districts were lower than the prevalence earlier reported, possibly due to the intervention of donor agents and health promotion. The infection also varied across the three Kwara State Senatorial districts and age categories which might be due to the level of hygiene, degree of intervention, practices, accessibility to portable water, and health facilities.
Enhancing antioxidant activity of olive pomace with reinforcing its phenolic compounds by fermentation
Authors: Mohammed Amira T. , Mahmoud Abeer E. , Ali Mamdouh M. , Ibrahim Doaa M. , Fathy Shadia A. 
Published: December 2022

Background and objective
Valorization of olive pomace (OP) by solid-state fermentation of the generally regarded as safe yeast, Kluyveromyces marxianus was reported to enhance its antioxidant activity. However, a detailed identification of bioactive compounds present in unfermented OP and fermented OP was not clarified. The aim of the present study was to identify the major classes of bioactive compounds, and alteration in the phenolic profile after fermentation to explain the enhanced therapeutic activity of OP after fermentation.

Materials and methods
Methanolic extracts of unfermented OP and fermented OP were subjected to qualitative preliminary phytochemical analysis. Moreover, both extracts were subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography analysis using different phenolic compounds’ standards. Also, total antioxidant capacity of both extracts was evaluated.

Results
Simple phenols, tannin, phlobatannins, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides, reducing sugars, alkaloids, carbohydrates, sterols, and triterpenes are the major phytochemical classes present in both extracts. While both extracts lack saponin, anthraquinones, free amino acids, free cholesterol, and polyuronides. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis confirmed that fermentation of OP by K. marxianus led to a sharp increase in rutin, vanillin, and cinnamic acid contents by 69.22, 39.35, and 31.40%, respectively. This was accompanied with 22.78, 7.07, and 5.81% increase in quercetin, catechin, and syringic acid contents, respectively. While gallic, caffeic, and coumaric acid contents were decreased after fermentation by 59.24, 55.25, and 53.96%, respectively. Methanolic extracts of unfermented OP and fermented OP showed a maximum total antioxidant capacity of 144.81±1.47 and 187.57±4.00 mgVCE/l at a concentration of 10 and 6 mg/ml, respectively.

Conclusion
Solid-state fermentation of OP with K. marxianus strongly affected its total antioxidant capacity by increasing its content of several bioactive compounds.
Human Papilloma Virus and Tobacco-Associated Modulation of NOTCH1 Pathway During Development of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Debalina , Chakraborty Balarko , Sarkar Shreya , Alam Neyaz , Panda Chinmay Kumar 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Modulation of NOTCH1 pathway during development of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) was evaluated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and/or tobacco habit to define the molecular mechanism of transformation of normal oral epithelium into neoplastic tissue.

Materials and Methods:
Comprehensive messenger RNA (mRNA) expression profile of NOTCH1 pathway genes (NOTCH1, JAG1/2, HES1, HEY1, and FBXW7) in HNSCC samples was mined from five different datasets followed by validation at genetic/expression level (RNA/protein).

Results:
Differential expression pattern of the NOTCH1 pathway genes was seen in different datasets. In our HNSCC samples, high mRNA expression of NOTCH1, JAG1/2, HES1, HEY1 was seen with a significant increase particularly in NOTCH1 and HES1 expression in HPV+ ve (H+) samples. However, no such change in mRNA expression of FBXW7 was noted. In immunohistochemical analysis, high/medium expressions of activated NOTCH1 (NICD)/FBXW7/HES1 proteins were seen in basal/parabasal layers of adjacent normal oral epithelium than in the spinous layers with prevalent expression in H+ samples, followed by increased expression with the progression of the disease. A similar trend was seen in the H+ and/or tobacco+ve (T+) samples, except H-T- group. Infrequent copy number variation was seen in NOTCH1/JAG1/JAG2 loci in HNSCC samples. High/medium expression of NICD/HES1 protein showed overall poor patient outcome, though patients under H+ T– group showed better survival.

Conclusion:
Our data showed that activated NOTCH1 pathway in basal/parabasal layers of the oral epithelium was gradually aggravated during the development of HNSCC with a distinct association with HPV infection and tobacco habit.
Study to Evaluate the Acute Toxicities and Response to Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy with Weekly Cisplatin versus Cisplatin and Paclitaxel in Locally Advanced Head-and-Neck Cancer
Authors: Jacob Tony , Rao Sandesh B , Fernandes Donald , Sequeira Lanisha Jolitha , Raj H Krishna 
Published: December 2022

Objective:
The objective of this study is to assess the acute toxicities and locoregional response rates in patients with locally advanced head-and-neck squamous cell carcinomas with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and weekly cisplatin versus weekly cisplatin and paclitaxel.

Methodology:
Fifty-four patients with histologically proven squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck at the department of radiotherapy, at our hospital, were taken up for this study. Patients were allotted to the study and control arm and results were analyzed. All patients were treated with IMRT 70 Gy along with weekly injection cisplatin 35 mg/m2 (control arm) versus IMRT 70 Gy along with weekly injection paclitaxel 30 mg/m2 and injection cisplatin 20 mg/m2 (study arm). The toxicity profile was assessed weekly during treatment and then monthly for 3 months postchemoradiotherapy with Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5.0. The immediate locoregional response rates were assessed clinically postchemoradiotherapy and then monthly for 3 months after concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

Results:
In this study, oropharyngeal cancer dominated with 52% of patients in the study arm and 47% in the control arm. Most of the patients were in Stage IV a (69%). Toxicities were observed more in the study arm with 59% of patients with Grade 3 mucositis and 52% of patients with Grade 3 dermatitis. Eighty-one percent of patients in the study arm and 70% of patients in the control arm had Grade 3 dysphagia. Grade 2 leukocytopenia was seen in 44% of patients in the study arm and 19% in the control arm. Complete and partial responses at the end of follow-up were 70% and 30% in the study arm and 48% and 52% in the control arm, respectively.

Conclusion:
Concurrent chemoradiotherapy with injection cisplatin and paclitaxel in locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck has a higher complete response rate with manageable toxicities.