bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative transcriptome analysis of cold-tolerant and -sensitive asparagus bean under chilling stress and recovery
Authors: Miao Mingjun , Tan Huaqiang , Liang Le , Huang Haitao , Chang Wei , Zhang Jianwei , Li Ju , Tang Yi , Li Zhi , Lai Yunsong , Yang Liang , Li Huanxiu 
Published: March 2022

Background
Low temperature is a type of abiotic stress that threatens the growth and yield of asparagus bean. However, the key genes and regulatory pathways involved in low temperature response in this legume are still poorly understood. Methodology. The present study analyzed the transcriptome of seedlings from two asparagus bean cultivars—Dubai bean and Ningjiang 3—using Illumina RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Correlations between samples were determined by calculating Pearson correlation coefficients (PCC) and principal component analysis (PCA). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between two samples were identified using the DESeq package. Transcription factors (TF) prediction, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of DEGs were also performed.

Results
Phenotypes and physiological indices indicated that Ningjiang 3 seedlings tolerated cold better than Dubai bean seedlings, in contrast to adult stage. The transcriptome dynamics of the two cultivars were closely compared using Illumina RNA-seq following 0, 3, 12, and 24 h of cold stress at 5 °C and recovery for 3 h at 25 °C room temperature. Global gene expression patterns displayed relatively high correlation between the two cultivars (>0.88), decreasing to 0.79 and 0.81, respectively, at 12 and 24 h of recovery, consistent with the results of principal component analysis. The major transcription factor families identified from differentially expressed genes between the two cultivars included bHLH, NAC, C2H2, MYB, WRKY, and AP2/ERF. The representative GO enrichment terms were protein phosphorylation, photosynthesis, oxidation-reduction process, and cellular glucan metabolic process. Moreover, KEGG analysis of DEGs within each cultivar revealed 36 transcription factors enriched in Dubai bean and Ningjiang 3 seedlings under cold stress.

Conclusions
These results reveal new information that will improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the cold stress response of asparagus bean and provide genetic resources for breeding cold-tolerant asparagus bean cultivars.
Phytochemical Profile and Antibacterial Photodynamic Activity of Centella asiatica L. (Apiaceae), Citrus grandis L. (Rutaceae) and Zanthoxylum gilletii De Wild. (Rutaceae) Leaves Extracts
Authors: A. Ikey Adam , Kasiama Giresse N. , Kabengele Carlos N. , L. Kapembo Michel , Matshimba Etienne N. , Bete Juvenal , Kilembe Jason T. , L. Ikoto Clément , Ngbolua K. N. , Tshibangu Damien S. T. , D. Tshilanda Dorothée , Mpiana Pius T. 
Published: March 2022

Aims: The objective of this study was to determine the phytochemical profile of Centella asiatica, Citrus grandis and Zanthoxylum gilletii leaves, in solution and the thin layer chromatography chemical screening and to evaluate the antibacterial photodynamic activity of the species extracts.
Materials and Methods: The search of the secondary metabolites in solution and by thin layer chromatography, the alkaloids and polyphenols extraction were carried out using standard protocols.
The antibacterial photodynamic activity was performed using microdilution method in solution and solid culture media.
Results: Centella asiatica and Citrus grandis showed the same phytochemical profile, with the presence of alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids and polyphenols such as: flavonoids, free quinones, anthocyanins, leuco-anthocyanins and tannins. Zanthoxylum gilletii extract showed similar profile with the absence of anthocyanins and leucoanthocyanins. The polyphenolic extracts of both Centella asiatica and Citrus grandis leaves were active against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli after one and two hours of solar exposition, respectively. Whereas for Zanthoxylum gilletii extract, one hour was sufficient to completely destroy both bacterial strains.
Conclusion: Polyphenolic extracts from Centella asiatica, Citrus grandis and Zanthoxylum gilletii leaves showed a photodynamic effect on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
Histomorphological Trends of Testicular Lesions : A Retrospective Study
Authors: Niveditha E. N. , Harikrishnan Volga 
Published: March 2022

Aims: Testis is affected by a variety of non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions. Our study was undertaken to analyze the spectrum of all testicular lesions and clinical correlation with age-wise distribution, laterality, and clinical presentation of all testicular lesions.
Study Design: A retrospective descriptive study.
Place and Duration of Study: Saveethe Medical College and Hospitals, over three years from January 2018 to December 2020.
Methodology: All testicular lesions sent to the Department of Pathology during this period are taken for the study. Histopathological slides were retrieved and all testicular lesions were reviewed.
Results: Out of 70 cases studied, 64 cases were non-neoplastic (91.42%) and 6 cases were neoplastic (8.57%). Right testis was more commonly involved in our study. Age distribution of non-neoplastic lesions showed the highest incidence in the 2nd decade of life (18.7%) followed by the 6th decade of life (15.6%) in our study. In neoplastic lesions, the 3rd and 4th decade of life shows higher incidence (33.4% respectively). Among non-neoplastic lesions, the most common histologic type is atrophic testis (31.2%). Among neoplastic lesions, the most common lesion is seminoma (50%).
Conclusion: Non- neoplastic lesions are seen in all age groups, whereas testicular neoplastic lesions are more commonly seen in the younger age group.
Digital Aspects of Modern Society and Education Realities
Authors: Milenkova Valentina , Lendzhova Vladislava , Manov Boris 
Published: March 2022

This article focuses on the importance of digitalization in the modern society. Following the National Statistical Institute data in regional and age aspects that presented different dimensions of digitalization and its entry in the society are analyzed. The digitalization of education is shown, following various policies and measures taken at the national level. An important element of the analysis is the data on online learning and arguments of different groups of parents about its place in the situation of the COVID-19 pandemic. The main conclusion of the article is that in Bulgarian society there is a relatively good digital environment that is an important prerequisite for the development of the digital skills in the modern societies.
Gender differences in aggression: A multiplicative function of outward anger expression
Authors: Kim Dahyeon , Liu Qimin , Quartana Phillip J. , Yoon K. Lira 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIndividuals with a higher (vs. lower) tendency to outwardly express anger (i.e., greater anger‐out) generally exhibit greater aggression; men (vs. women) also tend to be more aggressive. Although the general aggression model posits that multiple person variables trigger aggression, the combined effects of multiple person variables are poorly understood. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the nature of the relation between gender, anger‐out, and reactive aggression. In particular, we were interested in whether the effects of anger‐out and gender are additive or multiplicative. Specifically, we tested whether men exhibit higher levels of aggression than women at a consistent ratio across all levels of anger‐out (i.e., the multiplicative model) or at a fixed amount depending on the level of anger‐out (i.e., the additive interaction model). To this end, undergraduate participants (N = 203) completed a task in which they were falsely instructed that their objective was to respond more quickly than a same‐sex opponent. They were told that whoever responded more quickly would administer a white noise burst to the opponent and choose its intensity, which served as our measure of aggression. Compared to an additive interaction model, the multiplicative model exhibited a better fit. Specifically, men displayed proportionately more aggression than women with the same level of anger‐out. Research on and treatment for aggression should consider the multiplicative effects of factors related to aggression.
Peer relations and friendships in early childhood: The association with peer victimization
Authors: Kucaba Kat , Monks Claire P. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe examined the association between involvement in peer victimization in early childhood and different measures of peer relations to examine the role of the peer group in victimization with a special focus on the role of the aggressor, defender, and target. Children (N = 200; 45.5% girls) and teachers (N = 8; 100% women) were recruited from three primary schools in the south‐east of England. Children were aged 5−7 years (M = 75.6 months, SD = 10.39). Child and teacher reports of children's friendships were obtained. Children reported on the quality of their best friendship. Children provided peer reports on involvement in peer victimization (as aggressor, defender, and target) and social status (like‐most and like‐least). Results show that aggressive children received more like‐least nominations than other children, defenders were the most liked by peers, but targets' social status was not clearly identifiable. There were no significant differences between role in peer victimization and best friend nominations—most children said that they had a best friend. Similarly, there were no differences in reciprocated friendship between different roles. However, children who had their friendship reciprocated received more defender nominations. In line with the homophily hypothesis, aggressive children tended to have aggressive friends and have friendships characterized by conflict. Defenders were friends with other defenders. Targets tended to follow the social competence model of friendships by indicating defenders as their best friends. We discuss these findings in relation to the role that group processes may play in peer victimization in early childhood.
Eliciting information in official Finnish asylum interviews
Authors: Skrifvars Jenny , Antfolk Jan , van Veldhuizen Tanja , Sui Veronica , Korkman Julia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPrevious research has indicated that asylum interviewers—contrary to recommendations—use more closed than open questions to elicit information. In the current study, we investigated how information is elicited in asylum interviews by analyzing question‐answer pairs in 105 official Finnish asylum interview transcripts. We developed a new coding framework for analyzing the content and characteristics of the answers and used previously collected data on the questions. As predicted, we found that open questions elicited more new information and new key aspects of the asylum claims than other question types. We further extend on previous research by showing that the free recall phases only elicited half of all key aspects of the claims and that mis‐matched answers and difficult or unanswerable questions were alarmingly common. Interviewers would benefit from more training in asking open questions, creating and maintaining rapport, resolving misunderstandings, and increasing the efficacy of the free recall phase.
Pre‐Lithiation of Silicon Anodes by Thermal Evaporation of Lithium for Boosting the Energy Density of Lithium Ion Cells
Authors: Adhitama Egy , Dias Brandao Frederico , Dienwiebel Iris , Bela Marlena M. , Javed Atif , Haneke Lukas , Stan Marian C. , Winter Martin , Gomez‐Martin Aurora , Placke Tobias 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSilicon (Si) is one of the most promising anode candidates to further push the energy density of lithium ion batteries. However, its practical usage is still hindered by parasitic side reactions including electrolyte decomposition and continuous breakage and (re‐)formation of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), leading to consumption of active lithium. Pre‐lithiation is considered a highly appealing technique to compensate for active lithium losses. A critical parameter for a successful pre‐lithiation strategy by means of Li metal is to achieve lithiation of the active material/composite anode at the most uniform lateral and in‐depth distribution possible. Despite extensive exploration of various pre‐lithiation techniques, controlling the lithium amount precisely while keeping a homogeneous lithium distribution remains challenging. Here, the thermal evaporation of Li metal as a novel pre‐lithiation technique for pure Si anodes that allows both, that is, precise control of the degree of pre‐lithiation and a homogeneous Li deposition at the surface is reported. Li nucleation, mechanical cracking, and the ongoing phase changes are thoroughly evaluated. The terms dry‐state and wet‐state pre‐lithiation (without/with electrolyte) are revisited. Finally, a series of electrochemical methods are performed to allow a direct correlation of pre‐SEI formation with the electrochemical performance of pre‐lithiated Si.
Multiple 2D Phase Transformations in Monolayer Transition Metal Chalcogenides
Authors: Hong Jinhua , Chen Xi , Li Pai , Koshino Masanori , Li Shisheng , Xu Hua , Hu Zhixin , Ding Feng , Suenaga Kazu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPhase transformation lies at the heart of materials science because it allows for the control of structural phases of solids with desired properties. It has long been a challenge to manipulate phase transformations in crystals at the nanoscale with designed interfaces and compositions. Here in situ electron microscopy is employed to fabricate novel 2D phases with different stoichiometries in monolayer MoS2 and MoSe2. The multiphase transformations: MoS2 → Mo4S6 and MoSe2 → Mo6Se6 which are highly localized with atomically sharp boundaries are observed. Their atomic mechanisms are determined as chalcogen 2H ↔ 1T sliding, cation shift, and commensurate lattice reconstructions, resulting in decreasing direct bandgaps and even a semiconductor–metal transition. These results will be a paradigm for the manipulation of multiphase heterostructures with controlled compositions and sharp interfaces, which will guide the future phase engineered electronics and optoelectronics of metal chalcogenides.
2‐Formyl Benzamides from an N‐Phthalimidoyl Sulfoximine
Authors: Tu Yongliang , Shi Peng , Bolm Carsten 
Published: March 2022

AbstractUnder mild conditions, an N‐phthalimidoyl sulfoximine undergoes aminolysis to provide a wide range of 2‐formyl benzamides in good to high yields. An unprecedented variant of McFadyen‐Stevens reaction explains the product formation. The applicability of the products as building blocks for nitriles and alkynes has been demonstrated.magnified image
Biomineralized Materials as Model Systems for Structural Composites: Intracrystalline Structural Features and Their Strengthening and Toughening Mechanisms
Authors: Deng Zhifei , Jia Zian , Li Ling 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBiomineralized composites, which are usually composed of microscopic mineral building blocks organized in 3D intercrystalline organic matrices, have evolved unique structural designs to fulfill mechanical and other biological functionalities. While it has been well recognized that the intricate architectural designs of biomineralized composites contribute to their remarkable mechanical performance, the structural features within and corresponding mechanical properties of individual mineral building blocks are often less appreciated in the context of bio‐inspired structural composites. The mineral building blocks in biomineralized composites exhibit a variety of salient intracrystalline structural features, such as, organic inclusions, inorganic impurities (or trace elements), crystalline features (e.g., amorphous phases, single crystals, splitting crystals, polycrystals, and nanograins), residual stress/strain, and twinning, which significantly modify the mechanical properties of biogenic minerals. In this review, recent progress in elucidating the intracrystalline structural features of three most common biomineral systems (calcite, aragonite, and hydroxyapatite) and their corresponding mechanical significance are discussed. Future research directions and corresponding challenges are proposed and discussed, such as the advanced structural characterizations and formation mechanisms of intracrystalline structures in biominerals, amorphous biominerals, and bio‐inspired synthesis.
Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells Educate Mesenchymal Stromal Cells toward an Adipogenic Differentiation Propensity with Leukemia Promotion Capabilities
Authors: Zhang Luwen , Zhao Qiong , Cang Hui , Wang Ziqiang , Hu Xiaojia , Pan Ruolang , Yang Yang , Chen Ye 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are essential elements of the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment, which have been widely implicated in pathways that contribute to leukemia growth and resistance. Recent reports showed genotypic and phenotypic alterations in leukemia patient‐derived MSCs, indicating that MSCs might be educated/reprogrammed. However, the results have been inconclusive, possibly due to the heterogeneity of leukemia. Here, the authors report that acute myeloid leukemia (AML) induces MSCs towards an adipogenic differentiation propensity. RNAseq analysis reveal significant upregulation of gene expression enriched in the adipocyte differentiation process and reduction in osteoblast differentiation. The alteration is accompanied by a metabolic switch from glycolysis to a more oxidative phosphorylation‐dependent manner. Mechanistic studies identify that AML cell‐derived exosomes play a vital role during the AML cell‐mediated MSCs education/reprogramming process. Pre‐administration of mice BM microenvironment with AML‐derived exosomes greatly enhance leukemia engraftment in vivo. The quantitative proteomic analysis identified a list of exosomal protein components that are differently expressed in AML‐derived exosomes, which represent an opportunity for novel therapeutic strategies based on the targeting of exosome‐based AML cells‐MSCs communication. Collectively, the data show that AML‐educated MSCs tend to differentiate into adipocytes contributing to disease progression, which suggests complex interactions of leukemia with microenvironment components.
Kneading‐Inspired Versatile Design for Biomimetic Skins with a Wide Scope of Customizable Features
Authors: Huang Jiahui , Wu Peiyi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBiomimetic skins featuring customizable functions and human tissue‐compatible mechanical properties have garnered tremendous interest for potential applications in human–machine interfaces, flexible wearable devices, and soft robotics. However, most existing skin‐like materials require complex molecular design or multistep functionalization to achieve various functionalities that match or even surpass the performance of human skin. Thus, simultaneously minimizing production costs and achieving customizable features are still highly desirable yet challenging. Herein, inspired by a well‐known kneading technique that renders a homogeneous mixture of all the ingredients, a versatile method involving two steps of kneading and resting is employed to prepare biomimetic skins with a wide scope of customizable features. Commonly used one‐dimensional (1D), two‐dimensional (2D), three‐dimensional (3D) nanofillers and even solvents are demonstrated to be homogeneously dispersed in the viscoelastic hydrogel matrices by hand kneading, which not only contributes to improved mechanical properties and new functionalities, but also makes full use of raw materials without waste. Furthermore, similar to the combination of “condiments” in kneading dough, the flexible integration of functional fillers offers exciting and versatile platforms for the design of biomimetic skins with tunable application‐specific properties, such as mechanical compliance, sensory capabilities, freezing resistance, 3D printability, fluorescence tunability, etc.
Pushing the Efficiency of High Open‐Circuit Voltage Binary Organic Solar Cells by Vertical Morphology Tuning
Authors: Cai Guilong , Chen Zeng , Xia Xinxin , Li Yuhao , Wang Jiayu , Liu Heng , Sun PingPing , Li Chao , Ma Ruijie , Zhou Yaoqiang , Chi Weijie , Zhang Jianqi , Zhu Haiming , Xu Jianbin , Yan He , Zhan Xiaowei , Lu Xinhui 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe tuning of vertical morphology is critical and challenging for organic solar cells (OSCs). In this work, a high open‐circuit voltage (VOC) binary D18‐Cl/L8‐BO system is attained while maintaining the high short‐circuit current (JSC) and fill factor (FF) by employing 1,4‐diiodobenzene (DIB), a volatile solid additive. It is suggested that DIB can act as a linker between donor or/and acceptor molecules, which significantly modifies the active layer morphology. The overall crystalline packing of the donor and acceptor is enhanced, and the vertical domain sizes of phase separation are significantly decreased. All these morphological changes contribute to exciton dissociation, charge transport, and collection. Therefore, the best‐performing device exhibits an efficiency of 18.7% with a VOC of 0.922 V, a JSC of 26.6 mA cm−2, and an FF of 75.6%. As far as it is known, the VOC achieved here is by far the highest among the reported OSCs with efficiencies over 17%. This work demonstrates the high competence of solid additives with two iodine atoms to tune the morphology, particularly in the vertical direction, which can become a promising direction for future optimization of OSCs.
Microdeletion of 16q24.1–q24.2—A unique etiology of Lymphedema–Distichiasis syndrome and neurodevelopmental disorder
Authors: Michelson Marina , Lidzbarsky Gabriel , Nishri Daniella , Israel‐Elgali Ifat , Berger Rachel , Gafner Michal , Shomron Noam , Lev Dorit , Goldberg Yael 
Published: March 2022

AbstractInterstitial deletions of 16q24.1–q24.2 are associated with alveolar capillary dysplasia, congenital renal malformations, neurodevelopmental disorders, and congenital abnormalities. Lymphedema–Distichiasis syndrome (LDS; OMIM # 153400) is a dominant condition caused by heterozygous pathogenic variants inFOXC2. Usually, lymphedema and distichiasis occur in puberty or later on, and affected individuals typically achieve normal developmental milestones. Here, we describe a boy with congenital lymphedema, distichiasis, bilateral hydronephrosis, and global developmental delay, with a de novo microdeletion of 894 kb at 16q24.1–q24.2. This report extends the phenotype of both 16q24.1–q24.2 microdeletion syndrome and of LDS. Interestingly, the deletion involves only the 3′‐UTR part ofFOXC2.
A Pd−H/Isothiourea Cooperative Catalysis Approach to anti‐Aldol Motifs: Enantioselective α‐Alkylation of Esters with Oxyallenes**
Authors: Lin Hua‐Chen , Knox Gary J. , Pearson Colin M. , Yang Chao , Carta Veronica , Snaddon Thomas N. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe biological and therapeutic significance of natural products is a powerful impetus for the development of efficient methods to facilitate their construction. Accordingly, and reflecting the prevalence of β‐oxy‐carbonyl motifs, a sophisticated arsenal of aldol‐based strategies has evolved that is contingent on the generation of single enolate isomers. Since this has the potential to compromise efficiency in reagent‐based paradigms, direct catalysis‐based solutions would be enabling. To complement the array of substrate‐based strategies, and regulate enolate geometry at the catalyst level, a direct catalytic alkylation of esters with oxyallenes has been developed. Synergizing metal hydride reactivity with Lewis base catalysis has resulted in a broad reaction scope with useful levels of stereocontrol (up to >99 % ee). Facile derivatization of these ambiphilic linchpins is demonstrated, providing access to high‐value vicinal stereocenter‐containing motifs, including 1,2‐amino alcohols.