bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybrid lung lesions in children with segmental infantile hemangiomas, a new association?
Authors: Modiri Omeed , Malick Mahavrat Shaheen S. , Scollan Margaret E. , Duron Vincent , Morel Kimberly , Middlesworth William , Garzon Maria C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInfantile hemangiomas (IHs) are the most common tumors of infancy and, in rare instances, can present in the setting of congenital structural anomalies or as part of syndromic disorders. In this study, we present three cases of children with segmental IHs born with concurrent pulmonary anomalies: congenital pulmonary airway malformations and bronchopulmonary sequestration. To date, no known association between these entities and hemangiomas has been described.
Improved erythema and decreased blister formation in dominant dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa following treatment with pulsed dye laser
Authors: Garza‐Mayers Anna Cristina , Su Katherine A. , Wiss Karen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDominant dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DDEB), an inherited disorder due to type VII collagen mutations, is characterized by blisters and erosions that heal with scarring, atrophy, and milia. There is no established role for laser in the management of patients with DDEB. Pulsed dye laser (PDL) is most often used to target vascular skin lesions. We describe a patient with DDEB with marked improvement in erythema as well as fewer and less symptomatic episodes of blistering following treatment with PDL.
Laments, Remedies, Rights: Nietzsche’sGenealogy of Moralitythrough the Prism of Roman Law
Authors: Sheplyakova Tatjana 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article draws on the analysis of Roman law and on the Jewish tradition of lamentation to offer an original reinterpretation of Nietzsche’sOn the Genealogy of Morality. According to Nietzsche, an archetype of a successful revolt against injustice is to be attributed to the Jews—as the ones who were able to carry out “the most spiritual revenge” against the Roman “masters” by transvaluing their values. The analysis of ancient Roman law helps to illuminate Nietzsche’s enigmatic account of the “law of the masters” against which the transvaluation of values takes place. Certain structural elements of the language of lament are then envisioned as a resource for leaving the Roman legal order behind and, surprisingly, for bringing out the very meaning of the modern conception of “rights.”
A legal study of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank's new Environmental and Social Framework
Authors: Gu Bin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank's (AIIB) new Environmental and Social Framework (ESF) features a relationship of heritage and innovation, compared with the ESF of the World Bank and other multilateral development banks (MDBs). The innovative elements are not only embodied in a few specific institutions shiny with traditional Asian wisdom of ‘voluntarism, flexibility and incremental progress’ but are also observed in the AIIB's frontier environmental, social and governance portfolio investments in global capital markets. Drawing upon the World Bank, the alternative use of client systems enables the AIIB to maintain high and feasible standards, without having to intervene in national politics. In the Project‐affected People's Mechanism, three‐complaint resolution functions are streamlined under one roof, catering for the nature and degree of seriousness of the dispute involved and marking a major innovation in the design of an accountability mechanism among leading MDBs. The two requirements of exhaustion of project‐level remedies and free, prior and informed consultation expect to function equivalently to the World Bank standards in effect, although they appear to reduce the protection of project‐affected people.
A boundary layer problem in nonflat domains with measurable viscous coefficients
Authors: Phan Tuoc , Valdebenito Darío A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe study the convergence of weak solutions of the Navier–Stokes equations with vanishing measurable viscous coefficients in domains with nonflat boundaries. Sufficient anisotropic conditions on the vanishing rates of the viscous coefficients are found to prove the convergence of Leray–Hopf weak solutions of the Navier–Stokes equations to solutions of the corresponding Euler equations. As the domains are not flat, we apply a change of variables to flatten the domains. We then construct explicit boundary layers for the system of Navier–Stokes equations in the upper‐half space with measurable viscous coefficients. The result is new even when the viscous coefficients are constant, and it recovers the classical results when domains are flat and with constant viscous coefficients.
Voluntary childlessness in a society reluctant to change
Authors: Rojas Betancur Hector Mauricio , Quirama Andrea Hernández , Rubio Carolina Rivero 
Published: September 2022

AbstractVoluntary childlessness constitutes a social and generational rupture from tradition and culture, with significant effects on the reproduction of the so‐called life and family cycle. This study aims at understanding the reasons why people decide to remain childless and the social pressures that this decision generates. A qualitative phenomenological study was conducted on the emerging decision of non‐motherhood and non‐fatherhood based on semi‐structured interviews with 56 people who autonomously made the decision to opt out of parenthood. This paper underscores the multiple biographical situations involved in the decision, in addition to the concerns about personal development and future. The current social crisis context serves as a means of justification to lessen social and family pressure. We conclude that people who have made this decision promote a different meaning from that of reproduction as a mechanism of the social order.
Characterization of benzylisoquinoline alkaloid methyltransferases in Liriodendron chinense provides insights into the phylogenic basis of angiosperm alkaloid diversity
Authors: Cheng Weijia , Yao Yan , Wang Qiuxia , Chang Xiaosa , Shi Zhuolin , Fang Xueting , Chen Fangfang , Chen Shixin , Zhang Yonghong , Zhang Fan , Zhu Dongqing , Deng Zixin , Lu Li 
Published: September 2022

SUMMARYBenzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs) are a class of plant secondary metabolites with great pharmacological value. Their biosynthetic pathways have been extensively elucidated in the species from the Ranunculales order, such as poppy and Coptis japonica, in which methylation events play central roles and are directly responsible for BIA chemodiversity. Here, we combined BIA quantitative profiling and transcriptomic analyses to identify novel BIA methyltransferases (MTs) from Liriodendron chinense, a basal angiosperm plant. We identified an N‐methyltransferase (LcNMT1) and two O‐methyltransferases (LcOMT1 and LcOMT3), and characterized their biochemical functions in vitro. LcNMT1 methylates (S)‐coclaurine to produce mono‐ and dimethylated products. Mutagenesis experiments revealed that a single‐residue alteration is sufficient to change its substrate selectivity. LcOMT1 methylates (S)‐norcoclaurine at the C6 site and LcOMT3 methylates (S)‐coclaurine at the C7 site, respectively. Two key residues of LcOMT3, A115 and T301, are identified as important contributors to its catalytic activity. Compared with Ranunculales‐derived NMTs, Magnoliales‐derived NMTs were less abundant and had narrower substrate specificity, indicating that NMT expansion has contributed substantially to BIA chemodiversity in angiosperms, particularly in Ranunculales species. In summary, we not only characterized three novel enzymes that could be useful in the biosynthetic production of valuable BIAs but also shed light on the molecular origin of BIAs during angiosperm evolution.
Urbanismo táctico: alternativa para mitigar impactos en la movilidad de la Galería Central de Palmira
Authors: Aparicio Rengifo Reynaldo , Flórez González Fernando 
Published: September 2022

Este artículo toma como caso de estudio la Galería Central de Palmira, Valle del Cauca (Colombia). Plantea como objetivo la materialización de una propuesta de organización físico-espacial desde la participación efectiva entre actores interdisciplinares (procesos top-down) y la comunidad (procesos bottom-up), en el marco del urbanismo táctico, para ofrecer una solución al problema de la congestión en el tránsito urbano por las dinámicas del comercio informal.
Desarrolla una línea de abordaje con un sustento de experimentación prolongado en el tiempo y con mayor precisión teórica en la que se develan etapas como la identificación del problema, el reconocimiento de actores y líderes, la comprensión del urbanismo táctico como metodología, el diseño proyectual, los límites de la intervención, la elección de herramientas a implementar, la gestión de los recursos físicos y económicos, la materialización de la propuesta, la evaluación con indicadores, la validación de la misma con la comunidad y las respectivas conclusiones.
Knowledge-Based Process Design Optimization in Blisk Manufacturing
Authors: Landwehr Markus , Ganser Philipp , Vinogradov Georg , Bergs Thomas 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The manufacturing process of blade-integrated disks (blisks) represents one of the most challenging tasks in turbomachinery manufacturing. The requirement is to machine complex, thin-walled blade geometries with high aspect ratios made of difficult-to-cut materials. In addition, extremely tight tolerances are required, since the smallest deviations can lead to a reduction in efficiency of the blisk in the later use. Nowadays, the ramp-up phase for the manufacturing of a new blisk is time and cost-intensive. To find a suitable manufacturing process that meets the required tolerances of the blisk, many experimental tests with different process parameters and strategies are necessary. The used approach is often trial and error, which offers limited testing opportunities, is time-consuming and waste of resources. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to develop a knowledge-based process design optimization in blisk manufacturing. For this purpose, this paper picks up the results from our previous work. Based on these results, an experimental validation of the two process design tasks “number of blocks” and “block transition” is conducted. As part of the validation, the results of machining tests on a demonstrator blisk made of Inconel 718 are presented and discussed.
Spatial Transform Depthwise Over-Parameterized Convolution Recurrent Neural Network for License Plate Recognition in Complex Environment
Authors: Deng Jiehang , Wei Haomin , Lai Zhenxiang , Gu Guosheng , Chen Zhiqiang , Chen Leo , Ding Lei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Automatic license plate recognition (ALPR) system has been widely used in intelligent transportation and other fields. However, in complex environments such as vehicle sound source localization, poor illumination, or bad weather conditions, ALPR is still a challenging problem. Aiming at the problem, an end-to-end deep learning framework is developed based on depthwise over-parameterized convolution recurrent neural network for license plate character recognition. The proposed framework is composed as follows: (i) license plate correcting module based on spatial transformation network; (ii) feature extraction module based on depthwise over-parameterized convolution; (iii) sequence annotation module based on bidirectional long short-term memory; and (iv) regularized sequence decoding module based on connectionist temporal classification with maximum conditional entropy. Two open-source datasets of Chinese License Plate Datasets (SYSU) and Chinese City Parking Dataset (CCPD) are used to verify the performance of the algorithm. The proposed end-to-end framework can effectively rectify distorted and inclined license plates in spatial domain. It can recognize license plates without complex character segmentation process. Compared with some current state-of-art algorithms, the proposed algorithm achieved the best performance with the recognition accuracy of 96.31% and 88.31% based on the two datasets of SYSU and CCPD, respectively.
A Multi-Fidelity Approach for Reliability Assessment Based on the Probability of Classification Inconsistency
Authors: Pidaparthi Bharath , Missoum Samy 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Most multi-fidelity schemes for optimization or reliability assessment rely on regression surrogates, such as Gaussian processes. Contrary to these approaches, we propose a classification-based multi-fidelity scheme for reliability assessment. This technique leverages multi-fidelity information to locally construct failure boundaries using support vector machine (SVM) classifiers. SVMs are subsequently used to estimate the probability of failure using Monte Carlo simulations. The use of classification has several advantages: It can handle discontinuous responses and reduce the number of function evaluations in the case of a large number of failure modes. In addition, in the context of multi-fidelity techniques, classification enables the identification of regions where the predictions (e.g., failure or safe) from the various fidelities are identical. At the core of the proposed scheme is an adaptive sampling routine driven by the probability of classification inconsistency between the models. This sampling routine explores sparsely sampled regions of inconsistency between the models of various fidelity to iteratively refine the approximation of the failure domain boundaries. A lookahead scheme, which looks one step into the future without any model evaluations, is used to selectively filter adaptive samples that do not induce substantial changes in the failure domain boundary approximation. The model management strategy is based on a framework that adaptively identifies a neighborhood of no confidence between the models. The proposed scheme is tested on analytical examples of dimensions ranging from 2 to 10, and finally applied to assess the reliability of a miniature shell and tube heat exchanger.
A Comparative Study of Crystal Viscoplastic Modeling of Directionally Solidified Nickel-Base Superalloys
Authors: Wijeyeratne Navindra , Irmak Firat , Gordon Ali P. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Nickel-base superalloys (NBSAs) are a group of materials that are used in high-temperature applications. This work primarily focuses on directionally solidified (DS) NBSAs. Directionally solidified materials are comprised of columnar grains which are parallel to the 〈001〉 direction. Crystal viscoplastic (CVP) models can simulate the effects of temperature and orientation dependence under a variety of loading conditions such as tensile, low cycle fatigue (LCF), and thermomechanical fatigue (TMF). The CVP model is initially developed for a single crystal (SX) material and then adapted to DS material to represent the columnar grain structure. In past studies, the development of CVP models for DS materials was mainly accomplished by applying the SX CVP model to the DS materials implicitly or explicitly. Both of these modeling approaches require the application of the SX CVP model to multiple grains resulting in them being highly computationally expensive. A crystal viscoplastic model for DS materials that circumvents the modeling of individual grains was presented by the authors at turbo-expo 2021. The primary objective of this work is to utilize the three types of DS-CVP models for the same materials to investigate their performance. Comparisons will be performed at various temperatures and orientations. The models are compared to analyze their pros and cons and applicability, etc. Comparisons of these three types of modeling approaches applied to the same material have not been presented before in the literature and will provide an excellent insight into the usability of these constitutive models.
A Comprehensive Model for Single Bubble Nucleate Flow Boiling
Authors: Palakkeel Irinavuveetttil Shyamkumar , Singh Suneet , Srivastava Atul , Visaria Milan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The single bubble dynamics and local thermal effects in a rectangular channel are investigated in this paper under subcooled nucleate flow boiling conditions. A combined effect of Marangoni and microlayer evaporation in flow boiling regimes has rarely been reported in open literature. Therefore, a comprehensive boiling model that combines the three submodels, namely, phase change model, microlayer evaporation model, and Marangoni model, is developed that accounts for small-scale physics such as evolution of superheat layer during bubble growth, microlayer evaporation, and scavenging of the superheated liquid during the bubble departure. The verification of model has been carried out through detailed flow and temperature field validation exercises of various bubble stages with recent experimental data reported in the literature. The effects of varying subcooled conditions and Reynolds number on bubble dynamics and the associated heat transfer rates have been examined. The study reveals a decreasing trend in the bubble diameter with increasing Reynolds number and degree of subcooling. It has also been observed that the bubble shape is affected by the Marangoni phenomena. Bubble shape slightly flattens during inception, gradually becomes spherical while sliding, and later elongates after liftoff. The individual contribution of microlayer heat flow (Qmicrolayer) is estimated to be around 22–40% for flow boiling conditions and it is the second-highest heat transfer contributor after the latent heat transfer. The results obtained from the proposed model show a good match with published data and indicate the significance of microlayer in the single bubble flow boiling heat transfer.
Condensation on a Vertical Plate With Sinusoidal Microfins
Authors: Rose John W. , Chai Lei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A theoretically based, approximate solution for condensation on horizontal, microfinned tubes has been used as a basis to obtain a relation between heat flux and vapor-surface temperature difference for condensation on a vertical plate with sinusoidal microfins. The earlier result was in excellent agreement with experimental data with regard to magnitudes of the heat-transfer coefficient, dependence on fin and tube dimensions, and for a range of fluids with widely different properties. The new equation for condensation on a vertical plate with sinusoidal microfins takes account of the vertical gravity force and the lateral surface tension-induced pressure gradient over the curved fin surface. The equation reduces to the Nusselt result when fin height is zero and to simple area enhancement of the Nusselt result when surface tension is set to zero. Comparisons are made with experimental data for condensation of nitrogen on a vertical surface with sinusoidal microfins.
Design and Development of Children's Calibration Phantoms for Whole and Mobile Body Counters
Authors: Sinha Vaibhav , Scherer Ulrich W. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The experiences from several past radiological accidents (e.g., Fukushima Daiichi, Chernobyl, and Goiania) have shown that not only occupationally radiation-exposed adults but also children of all age groups can be affected by such an accident. Moreover, in asymmetric conflicts, children could possibly be affected by the explosion of a radiological dispersal device. Whole-body counting facilities all over the world are well prepared to measure children and adults but suffer in the case of newly born babies and toddlers owing to a lack of corresponding calibrations. A series of calibration phantoms representative of adult persons and larger children is commercially available or can be constructed from easily accessible materials, but for newly born and children up to 20 kg, only very few phantoms have been described which approximate the infantile body, and only very roughly. The aim of this work was to improve the current unsatisfactory situation. Two main steps toward achieving this aim included the compilation of anthropomorphic data for children and the construction of a modular set of calibration phantoms for the weight classes between 3 and 20 kg from simple, readily accessible, and cheap materials. The phantoms are made from commercially available freezer packs, which can be filled with a radionuclide solution. By using calibrations based on these purposely-built realistic weight class phantoms, internal radioactive contamination in children can be assessed more reliably than would be otherwise possible with the standard adult phantom calibrations.
Thermal Performance Analysis of Jet Cooling Method in a High-Power Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor
Authors: Wang Weishu , Shang Mengyuan , Li Yunze , Yao Zikun , Niu Jingzun , Juan Zhen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is compact and has high-power density. Heat dissipation conditions introduce new challenges and opportunities for further improvement of its power, efficiency, and reliability. In this article, a jet cooling method was proposed. The feasibility of jet cooling method was studied by taking a 600 kW PMSM as a prototype. Based on the Euler two-phase model, the effect of thermal performance was numerically studied, varying different inlet velocity, inlet liquid volume fraction, and jet cone angle. Also, the influence of the revolution speed and number of nozzles on the cooling effect was analyzed. The distribution of temperature and liquid phase was discussed. The numerical results illustrate that the maximum temperature of PMSM is only 370 K, which proves the heat dissipation capacity of the cooling system. At the air gap entrance, the temperature and liquid phase are distributed periodically. Under standard conditions, three nozzles, inlet velocity of 60 m/s, and 0.3 inlet liquid volume fraction can achieve high efficiency cooling. Heat dissipation depends largely on liquid. The cooling effect is enhanced by increasing the inlet liquid volume fraction. The optimal jet cone angle is 0 deg, which allows more liquid phase to enter the air gap. At high rotational speed, to avoid hindering the liquid phase from entering the air gap, the inlet velocity should not be less than 60 m/s.
Don't judge an orogen by its cover: Kinematics of the Appalachian décollement from seismic anisotropy
Authors: Frothingham Michael G. , Schulte-Pelkum Vera , Mahan Kevin H. , Merschat Arthur J. , Mather Makayla , Gomez Zulliet Cabrera 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
As North America collided with Africa to form Pangea during the Alleghanian orogeny, crystalline and sedimentary rocks in the southeastern United States were thrust forelandward along the Appalachian décollement. We examined Ps receiver functions to better constrain the kinematics of this prominent subsurface structure. From Southeastern Suture of the Appalachian Margin Experiment (SESAME) and other EarthScope stations on the Blue Ridge–Piedmont crystalline megathrust, we find large arrivals from a 5–10-km-deep converter. We argue that a strong contrast in dipping anisotropic foliation occurs at the subhorizontal Appalachian décollement, and propose that such a geometry may be typical for décollement structures. Conversion polarity flips can be explained by an east-dipping foliation, but this orientation is at odds with the overlying northeast-trending surface tectonic grain. We suggest that prior to late Alleghanian northwest-directed head-on collision, the Appalachian décollement accommodated early Alleghanian west-vergence, independent of the overlying Blue Ridge–Piedmont structural inheritance. The geophysical expression of dipping anisotropic foliation provides a powerful tool for investigating subsurface kinematics, especially where they are obscured by overlying fabric, to disentangle the tectonic complexities that embody oblique collisional orogens.