bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antenna Characteristic Mode Analysis and Applications
Authors: He Zi , Guan Ling , Chen Rushan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn the field of electromagnetism, the characteristic mode (CM) method has been applied to theoretical analysis and engineering design of electromagnetic scattering and radiation due to its clear physical meaning and complete theory. In this article, the CMs are used as the entire‐domain basis functions for solving electromagnetic scattering and radiation problems of large‐scale, arbitrary arrangement of repetitive structures.Firstly, the CM method for solving the scattering problems of nonconnected repetitive structures is reviewed, and the source mode is introduced to compensate the accuracy when analyzing radiation problems. Secondly, for connected repetitive structures, the buffer region is proposed to guarantee the current continuity on the surface of the conductor, and half‐SWG basis functions are used for dielectric connected structures. Thirdly, a series of acceleration methods are proposed to improve the computational efficiency. To generate the reduced matrix fast, the translation invariance of repetitive structures and interpolation technology are utilized to fill the matrix entries. Multilevel Fast Multipole Algorithm (MLFMA) is also used to accelerate the matrix–vector products (MVPs) between the impedance matrix and the eigenvectors. At last, a hybrid MPI–OPENMP parallel scheme is proposed for solving large‐scale finite array. The numerical examples have shown that the proposed method has a good accuracy and efficiency. It provides a strong tool for designing and optimizing antenna arrays and other EM repetitive structures.
Silicon Photonics for Future Computing Systems
Authors: Shafiee Amin , Pasricha Sudeep , Nikdast Mahdi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe primary goal of this article is to provide an overview of silicon photonics technology and its applications in the design and improvement of current and future computing systems. We start by reviewing silicon photonics technology and introducing some of its benefits and challenges as well as providing some background on it. Next, we introduce some fundamental silicon photonic components in the design of silicon photonic integrated circuits (PICs) and optical interconnect for computing systems as well as their operating principles and applications. These components can be active, such as photodetectors and optical modulators, or passive, such as silicon‐on‐insulator (SOI) waveguides. Subsequently, we discuss the application of silicon photonics to improve the communication and computation infrastructure in future computing systems, while reviewing the state‐of‐the‐art and some design and implementation challenges. Finally, we discuss several research opportunities to push forward the application of silicon photonics in the design of future computing systems.
Fault Location: The Models, Methods, and Solutions
Authors: Kezunovic Mladen , Dokic Tatjana , Esmaeilian Ahad , Gopalakrishnan Ashok , Liao Yuan , Lotfifard Saeed 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDetermining fault location in power systems using the available measurements and models is an important task since it allows the maintenance crews to inspect the site where the fault may have occurred, inspect the equipment, make repairs, and allow the operators to restore the service. Our article examines the fault‐location background, offers an overview of the basics of fault‐location algorithms, and surveys approaches to determining transmission line model parameters first. We cover the fault‐location methods based on the measurements of the waveforms reflecting electromagnetic transients, phasors, and electromechanical transients. We finally discuss the algorithms based on a combination of physics‐ and data‐based methods used for determining fault location in distribution systems and reflect on the algorithms for predicting faults in both transmission and distribution systems. We summarize the state of the art and critical implementation issues at the end followed by a comprehensive set of references.
Emerging Memory Structures for VLSI Circuits
Authors: Garzón Esteban , Yavits Leonid , Lanuzza Marco , Teman Adam 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEver since the emergence of the electrical computer and the Von Neumann model, computer architects have adhered to a well‐structured hierarchy of memory solutions, clearly trading off performance and capacity with cost. The ubiquitous memory technologies, dominated by SRAM, DRAM, Flash, and magnetic hard disks, are each situated in a well‐defined location within this hierarchy. However, as processes have scaled into deep nanometer feature sizes and the demand for larger capacities and bandwidths increases, these traditional options face tough challenges and may be limited in their ability to continue to provide the new requirements. New technologies, such as phase change memory (PCM), magnetic RAM (MRAM), and resistive RAM (RRAM), have been researched and developed over the recent past in an attempt to meet these demands and replace some or all of the traditional technologies. In this article, the primary technologies are overviewed, including those that currently fill the memory hierarchy pyramid, the primary candidates to join or replace them in the near‐term, and a number of newer candidates that may arise as legitimate solutions in the farther term. In addition, an overview of the current state of processing within the emerging memory technologies is provided, as an attempt to break free of the traditional Von Neumann paradigm to overcome the energy and performance bottlenecks in modern systems.
Spatial Entropy Measures
Authors: Cocchi Daniela , Altieri Linda 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe article reviews, under a unified framework, the main approaches to spatial entropy measures. It also illustrates the recent proposal of a set of entropy measures for spatial data, which allows to split the data heterogeneity, usually assessed via Shannon's entropy, into two components: spatial mutual information, identifying the role of space, and spatial residual entropy, measuring heterogeneity due to other sources. Some practical aspects are also covered by presenting the available software for the computation of the considered measures.
Antiviral Use and Health Care Use Among US Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis and Influenza in Three Influenza Seasons, 2016‐2019
Authors: Neuberger Edward E. , To Tu My , Seetasith Arpamas , Arndorfer Stella M. , Wallick Chris J. 
Published: May 2022

ObjectivePatients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are vulnerable to severe complications of influenza. We assessed whether health care resource use (HRU) and costs differed between patients with RA and influenza who received antiviral medication compared with matched patients with RA and influenza not receiving antiviral therapy.MethodsThis was a retrospective US health insurance claims analysis over three influenza seasons (each October to April) in 2016‐2019. Adults with RA and a subsequent diagnosis of influenza were included. Treated patients (receiving antiviral influenza treatment within 2 days of diagnosis) and untreated patients were propensity score matched using baseline covariates. HRU and costs were assessed for inpatient, emergency department (ED), and outpatient visits and compared between cohorts using χ2 tests and t tests.ResultsAfter matching, 2638 treated and 1319 untreated patients were included. For treated versus untreated patients, the mean number of all‐cause outpatient visits was 0.96 versus 1.21 during 14 days of follow‐up (P < 0.001) and 1.94 versus 2.24 over 28 days (P = 0.001), respectively. Over 28 days, the mean number of all‐cause ED visits was lower among treated (0.23) than untreated (0.30) patients (P = 0.042). The mean number of respiratory‐related outpatient visits was significantly lower for treated versus untreated patients, and mean costs for these visits were $17.89 versus $35.27 over 14 days (P < 0.001) and $28.92 versus $48.77 over 28 days (P < 0.001) for treated versus untreated patients, respectively.ConclusionOur findings demonstrate that prompt antiviral treatment after influenza diagnosis may reduce HRU and costs in patients with RA.
Minimal Surface‐Based Materials for Topological Elastic Wave Guiding
Authors: Guo Yuning , Rosa Matheus Inguaggiato Nora , Gupta Mohit , Dolan Benjamin Emerson , Fields Brandon , Valdevit Lorenzo , Ruzzene Massimo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMaterials based on minimal surface geometries have shown superior strength and stiffness at low densities, which makes them promising continuous‐based material platforms for a variety of engineering applications. In this work, it is demonstrated how these mechanical properties can be complemented by dynamic functionalities resulting from robust topological guiding of elastic waves at interfaces that are incorporated into the considered material platforms. Starting from the definition of Schwarz P minimal surface, geometric parametrizations are introduced that break spatial symmetry by forming 1D dimerized and 2D hexagonal minimal surface‐based materials. Breaking of spatial symmetries produces topologically non‐trivial interfaces that support the localization of vibrational modes and the robust propagation of elastic waves along pre‐defined paths. These dynamic properties are predicted through numerical simulations and are illustrated by performing vibration and wave propagation experiments on additively manufactured samples. The introduction of symmetry‐breaking topological interfaces through parametrizations that modify the geometry of periodic minimal surfaces suggests a new strategy to supplement the load‐bearing properties of this class of materials with novel dynamic functionalities.
Emerging Liquid Metal Biomaterials: From Design to Application
Authors: Wang Luyang , Lai Runze , Zhang Lichen , Zeng Mengqi , Fu Lei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLiquid metals (LMs) as emerging biomaterials possess unique advantages including their favorable biosafety, high fluidity, and excellent electrical and thermal conductivities, thus providing a unique platform for a wide range of biomedical applications ranging from drug delivery, tumor therapy, and bioimaging to biosensors. The structural design and functionalization of LMs endow them with enhanced functions such as enhanced targeting ability and stimuli responsiveness, enabling them to achieve better and even multifunctional synergistic therapeutic effects. Herein, the advantages of LMs in biomedicine are presented. The design of LM‐based biomaterials with different scales ranging from micro‐/nanoscale to macroscale and various components is explored in‐depth to promote the understanding of structure–property relationships, guiding their performance optimization and applications. Furthermore, the related advanced progress in the development of LM‐based biomaterials in biomedicine is summarized. Current challenges and prospects of LMs in the biomedical field are also discussed.
Ultrathin Sb2Se3 Nanowires for Polarimetric Imaging Photodetectors with a High Signal/Noise Ratio
Authors: Zhang Songqing , Wang Han , Kirchner Maxwell Merle , Liu Junliang , Luo Huijia , Ren Yongling , Yuan Cailei , Hattori Haroldo Takashi , Miroshnichenko Andrey E. , Lei Wen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis work presents a study on the optical applications of chemical vapor deposition‐grown Sb2Se3 nanowires in polarized single nanowire photodetectors. High‐quality Sb2Se3 nanowires are obtained with diameters as small as ≈15 nm, which is the first report for ultrathin Sb2Se3 nanowires. The fabricated Sb2Se3 nanowire‐based photodetector presents a low shot noise of ≈ 9 × 10–16 A Hz–1/2, a large signal/noise ratio of 1436.55, a high responsivity of 3.61 A W–1, and a high specific detectivity of 2.36 × 1011 Jones, which can be attributed to the high‐quality crystalline nanowires obtained. More interestingly, the Sb2Se3 nanowire‐based photodetectors exhibit broadband polarized photoresponse to incident light with wavelengths ranging from visible to near‐infrared (532 – 830 nm). A linearly dichroic ratio of 1.71 is obtained for the 830 nm light illumination. The Sb2Se3 nanowire detectors also present appropriate polarimetric imaging quality, revealing the potential of Sb2Se3 nanowires for polarimetric imaging applications.
ZnO‐Reinforced Thermal Regulating Microcapsules with Double‐Layer Shell via Atomic Layer Deposition
Authors: Li Linfeng , Wu Xi , Zhu Xiaomeng , Li Yuanyuan , Zou Liyi , Wang Xiuli , Li Wenbin , Cheng Xiaomin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractConventional plain organic or inorganic shell for microcapsules has their own drawbacks, the organic shell has defects in thermal conductivity and stability; while the compactness and coverage of inorganic shell are not satisfactory. Herein, a novel approach to synthesis of organic–inorganic composite double‐layer shell phase change microcapsule (DLSPCM) is proposed, which is achieved by forming inorganic outer shell on the surface of organic shell via atomic layer deposition (ALD). Taking the pristine microcapsule with paraffin core and melamine formaldehyde (MF) shell as an example, MF‐ZnO composite double‐layer shell (DLS) is formed in this paper. The melting enthalpy of DLSPCM obtained by 100 ALD cycles is 159.7 J g−1, which is only 12.1 J g−1 lower than that of paraffin @ MF microcapsules (control sample), while the thermal conductivity of DLSPCM surges by 77.8%, and the thermal energy storage ability and thermal regulation performance are basically maintained. After 900 thermal cycles, the heat storage capacity of DLSPCM obtained by 100 ALD cycles decreased by only 3%. Besides, the photocatalytic performance and antibacterial activity of ZnO‐reinforced DLSPCM are further confirmed. The successful design of DLSPCM via ALD is prospective for the encapsulation, modification, and reinforcement of phase change microcapsules.
Bioinspired, Simulation‐Guided Design of Polyhedron Metamaterial for Simultaneously Efficient Heat Dissipation and Energy Absorption
Authors: Zhang Zhi , Song Bo , Yao Yonggang , Zhang Lei , Wang Xiaobo , Fan Junxiang , Shi Yusheng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLight‐weight, high‐strength metamaterials with excellent heat dissipation and energy absorption capabilities are of great interest to aerospace and automobile applications. Particularly, innovative structure design and its successful realization are paramount but often challenging due to the vast design space and associated complex manufacturing. Herein, in this study, inspired by pomelo peel's superior shielding protection to the pulp, bionic polyhedron metamaterials (BPMs) that imitate the pomelo peel are designed and realized by metal 3D printing to achieve not only superior heat dissipation but also high energy absorption. Guided by experiments and numerical simulations, the BPM with circular struts possesses the highest Nusselt number, lowest pressure drop, and friction factor at Re = 7000–30000. Above results integrated lead to that the BPM with circular struts exhibit a higher thermal efficiency index that exceeds 1 at 0.92 porosity. Furthermore, the BPM with circular struts possesses moderate specific energy absorption in existing mechanical metamaterials for their corresponding density, which has potential for gas turbines and some cooling structures. The above findings will guide the design of metamaterials with high heat dissipation and energy absorption.
Tailoring Photoinduced Nonequilibrium Magnetizations in In2Se3 Bilayers
Authors: Sun Yan , Mu Xingchi , Xue Qianqian , Zhou Jian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMagnetization generation and accumulation in intrinsically nonmagnetic materials is one of the key routes to various exotic applications, especially realizing fast information storage and memory devices. Among the various approaches for magnetization injection, light irradiation is advantageous for its noncontacting and non‐invasive nature, and has been receiving great attention during the past few decades. In the current work, a quadratic response theory and first‐principles calculations are applied to reveal photoinduced magnetization in recently discovered 2D In2Se3 bilayers. The ferroelectric In2Se3 bilayers can be (meta‐) stabilized in versatile stacking patterns, exhibiting largely tunable electronic band structure, and optical feature. Hence, it is suggested that under circularly polarized light illumination, the system can show different photoinduced magnetization responses with large contrast in different stacking patterns. The magnetizations are composed by both spin and orbital angular momentum contributions, which can reach as large as 1μB under a laser with intermediate intensity (≈109 W cm–2). This magnitude can be easily observed and furthermore manipulated in the state‐of‐the‐art experimental techniques. The proposal suggests a candidate material platform to explore the interplay among spintronics, orbitronics, nonlinear optics, and ferroelectrics in a single platform.
Microwave‐Assisted Copper‐Catalyzed One‐Pot Synthesis of 2‐Aryl/Heteroaryl‐4‐Quinolones via Sequential Intramolecular Aza‐Michael Addition and Oxidation
Authors: Singh Priti , Kumar Sahoo Santosh , Sridhar Goud Nerella , Swain Baijayantimala , Madhavi Yaddanapudi Venkata , Arifuddin Mohammed 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA protocol has been developed that allows the synthesis of 2‐aryl/heteroaryl‐4‐quinolones from readily available, affordable starting materials. The reaction proceeds under microwave conditions with moderate to high yields in the presence of copper catalyst. Short reaction time, good functional group tolerance, high atom economy, non‐toxic byproduct and no use of special ligands emphasize the applicability of this method in organic synthesis.
[8+3]‐Cycloaddition Reactions of Heptafulvenes or Azaheptafulvenes with α‐Halohydroxamates
Authors: Xie Lei , Hu Lina , Wu Ping , Zhao Yunxu , Li Guiling , Cui Jichun , Gao Zhenzhen , Wu Lingang , Nie Shaozhen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe base‐mediated higher‐order [8+3]‐cycloaddition reactions of heptafulvenes or azaheptafulvenes with α‐halohydroxamates have been achieved under mild and metal‐free conditions. These reactions do not only provide a direct route for the synthesis of highly functionalized cycloheptatriene‐fused piperidinones and piperazinones in moderate to excellent yields, but they also enrich the chemistry of heptafulvenes and azaheptafulvenes. Furthermore, gram‐scale reactions and further derivatizations demonstrated the synthetic potential of these cycloaddition reactions.
Heteroleptic nickel complexes bearing O‐methyldithiophosphate and aminodiphosphine monosulfide ligands as robust molecular electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution
Authors: Chen Luo , Xie Bin , Li Tao , Lai Chuan , Cao Jia‐Xi , Ji Ren‐Wu , Liu Meng‐Nan , Li Wei , Zhang Dong‐Liang , He Jia‐Yu 
Published: May 2022

Five new heteroleptic nickel complexes containing O‐methyldithiophosphate and aminodiphosphine monosulfide ligands, [Ni((PPh2)({S}PPh2)NR)(S2P{O}OCH3)] (R = (CH2)4CH3 (1), (CH2)3OCH3 (2), (CH2)3SCH3 (3), (CH2)2CH(CH3)2 (4), and C6H4CH3–4 (5)), were synthesized by two different methods at room temperature. All complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, spectroscopy (1H, 13C, 31P nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR], and ultraviolet–visible [UV–vis]), single crystal X‐ray diffraction as well as thermogravimetric analysis. In the crystal structures of 1–4 and 5⋅CH2Cl2, the nickel atom locates in a slightly distorted square‐planar coordination by one phosphorous atom and three sulfur atoms from the aminodiphosphine monodulfide and O‐meyldithiophosphate ligands. Furthermore, their electrochemical behaviors and electrocatalytic performances for the reduction proton to hydrogen have also been evaluated by the cyclic voltammetry using trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) as the proton source. With the addition of 120 mM TFA to MeCN solution of 1–5 (1.0 mM), the turnover frequencies are estimated to be 494–706 s−1, and the corresponding overpotentials are 0.61–0.70 V versus Fc+/Fc, respectively. This finding diagnoses that the heteroleptic nickel complexes can serve as robust and effective molecular electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution.
Improving the Performance of Aqueous Zinc‐ion Batteries by Inhibiting Zinc Dendrite Growth: Recent Progress
Authors: Ho Van‐Chuong , Lim Hana , Kim Myung Jun , Mun Junyoung 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) are promising candidates for the next‐generation high‐energy storage devices, owing to their resource availability, low cost, eco‐friendliness, and high safety. The zinc (Zn) metal anode in a suitable battery system, including an electrolyte and a high‐performance cathode electrode, can deliver an excellent electrochemical performance. However, several obstacles must be overcome to utilize aqueous ZIBs. Among these, Zn dendrite growth, corrosion, and side reactions severely impair the performance of rechargeable ZIBs. To deal with these issues, a profound understanding of the mechanism of the matter occurring in electrochemical cycles is essential to thoroughly solve the challenges. Instead of focusing solely on techniques for improving the performance of Zn metal anodes, this review delves into and summarizes the causes of side reactions and dendrite formation, thereby establishing a logical system of methodologies for improving the electrochemical performance of mild aqueous ZIBs. The correlation between the Zn metal anode, aqueous electrolyte, separators and the performance of ZIBs is also discussed in detail. There is also a brief perspective on the future development of Zn metal anodes in aqueous solutions. This study sheds a light on the challenges associated with the construction of high‐performance ZIBs, which will significantly aid in their practical implementation.
Synthesis and Properties of BN‐embedded N‐Perylene
Authors: Zhang Wenhao , Liu Guiru , Cao Jing , Chen Yuanyuan , Gao Lei , Liu Guanghua , Dai Gaole , Wang Qing 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA B−N embedded nitrogen‐annulated perylene has been successfully synthesized. The resultant molecule BN−NP is isoelectronic to coronene, but owns a five‐membered pyrrole ring. Experiments and DFT calculations indicated that peripheral pyrrole and BN modifications endow BN−NP with various unique properties like bent structure, dual emission, efficient Lewis acidic response, peripheral aromaticity, narrowest energy band gap among all coronene isoelectronic structures and so on.
Navigating value networks to co‐create sustainable business models: An actionable staging approach
Authors: Pedersen Signe , Clausen Christian , Jørgensen Michael Søgaard 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSustainable transitions typically require collaboration between multiple actors in the value chain or value network. Recent research has emphasized mapping of stakeholders and values as a starting point for identifying opportunities to realign these relationships, followed by business model experimentation to enable change. However, a simple mapping exercise does not consider the interplay between actors' concerns, business models, and interpretations of sustainability. Pedersen et al. (2022) advocated that aligning concerns is essential to collaborative design and innovation, and requires continuous negotiation between multiple actors. Here, we present a microlevel in‐depth case study to examine how alignment across central value chain actors may be facilitated through the staging of numerous negotiations during the innovation process. Drawing on the staging negotiation spaces co‐design framework, we provide insight into the content of multiple negotiations concerned with different aspects of sustainability during the development of a more sustainable laundry service system on the Danish island of Bornholm. Our findings illustrate how both value chain actors and a third‐party intermediary stage negotiations, and elaborate the framework by attending to the strategic navigational efforts of network alignment through negotiations.