bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disinfector‐Assisted Low Temperature Reduced Graphene Oxide‐Protein Surgical Dressing for the Postoperative Photothermal Treatment of Melanoma
Authors: Wu Yuanhao , Yang Junyao , van Teijlingen Alexander , Berardo Alice , Corridori Ilaria , Feng Jingyu , Xu Jing , Titirici Maria‐Magdalena , Rodriguez‐Cabello Jose Carlos , Pugno Nicola M , Sun Jiaming , Wang Wen , Tuttle Tell , Mata Alvaro 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMaterials that combine the functionalities of both of proteins and graphene are of great interest for the engineering of biosensing, drug delivery, and regenerative devices. Graphene oxide (GO) offers an opportunity to design GO‐protein interactions but the need for harsh reduction processes to enable GO photoexcitation remains a limitation. A disinfector‐assisted low temperature method to reduce GO‐protein materials and fabricate surgical dressings with tuneable photothermal efficiency and bioactive properties for the postoperative treatment of melanoma is reported. The approach harnesses the capacity of 70% ethanol to penetrate the protein shell of microorganisms to infiltrate GO‐protein complexes and reduce GO at low temperature (85 °C) while maintaining the material structure and bioactivity. Both experiments and coarse‐grained simulations are used to describe the reduction process and assess the material properties. In vitro and in vivo validation revealed the capacity of the dressings to prevent tumor recurrence and promote healing after tumor resection.
Droplet Microarray Based Screening Identifies Proteins for Maintaining Pluripotency of hiPSCs
Authors: Liu Yanxi , Bertels Sarah , Reischl Markus , Peravali Ravindra , Bastmeyer Martin , Popova Anna A. , Levkin Pavel A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHuman induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are crucial for disease modeling, drug discovery, and personalized medicine. Animal‐derived materials hinderapplications of hiPSCs in medical fields. Thus, novel and well‐defined substrate coatings capable of maintaining hiPSC pluripotency are important for advancing biomedical applications of hiPSCs. Here a miniaturized droplet microarray (DMA) platform to investigate 11 well‐defined proteins, their 55 binary and 165 ternary combinations for their ability to maintainpluripotency of hiPSCs when applied as a surface coating, is used. Using this screening approach, ten protein group coatings are identified, which promote significantly higher NANOG expression of hiPSCs in comparison with Matrigel coating. With two of the identified coatings, long‐term pluripotency maintenance of hiPSCs and subsequent differentiation into three germ layers are achieved. Compared with conventional high‐throughput screening (HTS) in 96‐well plates, the DMA platform uses only 83 µL of protein solution (0.83 µg total protein) and only ≈2.8 × 105 cells, decreasing the amount of proteins and cells ≈860 and 25‐fold, respectively. The identified proteins will be essential for research and applications using hiPSCs, while the DMA platform demonstrates great potential for miniaturized HTS of scarce cells or expensive materials such as recombinant proteins.
A Room‐Temperature Ferroelectric Resonant Tunneling Diode
Authors: Ma Zhijun , Zhang Qi , Tao Lingling , Wang Yihao , Sando Daniel , Zhou Jinling , Guo Yizhong , Lord Michael , Zhou Peng , Ruan Yongqi , Wang Zhiwei , Hamilton Alex , Gruverman Alexei , Tsymbal Evgeny Y. , Zhang Tianjin , Valanoor Nagarajan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractResonant tunneling is a quantum‐mechanical effect in which electron transport is controlled by the discrete energy levels within a quantum‐well (QW) structure. A ferroelectric resonant tunneling diode (RTD) exploits the switchable electric polarization state of the QW barrier to tune the device resistance. Here, the discovery of robust room‐temperature ferroelectric‐modulated resonant tunneling and negative differential resistance (NDR) behaviors in all‐perovskite‐oxide BaTiO3/SrRuO3/BaTiO3 QW structures is reported. The resonant current amplitude and voltage are tunable by the switchable polarization of the BaTiO3 ferroelectric with the NDR ratio modulated by ≈3 orders of magnitude and an OFF/ON resistance ratio exceeding a factor of 2 × 104. The observed NDR effect is explained an energy bandgap between Ru‐t2g and Ru‐eg orbitals driven by electron–electron correlations, as follows from density functional theory calculations. This study paves the way for ferroelectric‐based quantum‐tunneling devices in future oxide electronics.
High Performance Shortwave Infrared Organic Photodetectors Adopting Thiadiazole Quinoxaline‐Based Copolymers
Authors: Park Insun , Kim Changki , Kim Raesung , Li Ning , Lee Jaejun , Kwon Oh Kyu , Choi Byoungki , Ng Tse Nga , Leem Dong‐Seok 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDetection of light in the near‐infrared (NIR) and shortwave infrared (SWIR) spectral range is essential for the wide practical applications of biometrics, surveillance, machine vision, etc., in which organic molecules have gained growing interest as the potential sensing materials. In this study, the newly synthesized donor–acceptor type copolymers consisting of [1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4‐g]quinoxaline core unit with phenyl pendant groups as the acceptor and thiophene unit as the donor for achieving high‐efficiency organic SWIR photodetectors are presented. A further variation of the alkoxy chain lengths in the core unit allows the optimized device to exhibit a high external quantum efficiency of 19.5%–21.7% at 1200 nm under the low reverse bias of −1 V, leading to a high detectivity up to 2.96 × 1010Jones for the spectral range beyond 1 µm. This further suggests the possible origin of the molecular structure‐dependent device performance in terms of the molecular stacking, morphological changes, and charge‐transporting properties in the bulk heterojunction blends.
Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenases Catalyse Steroid Nucleus Hydroxylation with Regio‐ and Stereo‐Selectivity
Authors: Zhu Rui , Liu Yang , Yang Yueying , Min Qing , Li Hua , Chen Lixia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSteroids are the second largest class of drugs with a wide range of pharmacological properties. Hydroxylation of steroids seriously affects their biological activities and other properties. However, steroids are mostlysp3hybridized carbons with numerous C−H bonds far from the functional group that can activate them, and achieving regio‐ and stereo‐selective hydroxylation on steroids is a highly challenging task that is almost impossible to achieve using modern organic synthesis techniques. Interestingly, cytochrome P450 monooxygenases possess the ability to catalyse regio‐ and stereo‐selective oxidations of nonactivated C−H bonds in complex organic molecules under mild conditions. This review summarizes the P450s identified and engineered in recent years that can catalyse steroid nucleus hydroxylation stereo‐ and regio‐selectively.magnified image
Strain Engineering by Local Chemistry Manipulation of Triphase Heterostructured Oxide Cathodes to Facilitate Phase Transitions for High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Hu Hai‐Yan , Zhu Yan‐Fang , Xiao Yao , Li Shi , Li Jia‐Yang , Hao Zhi‐Qiang , Zhao Jia‐Hua , Chou Shu‐Lei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSodium‐ion oxide cathodes with triphase heterostructures have attracted intensive attention, since the sodium‐storage performance can be enhanced by utilizing the synergistic effect of different phases. However, the composite structures generally suffer from multiple irreversible phase transitions and high lattice strain because of interlayer‐gliding during the charge/discharge process. Here, the concept of strain engineering via manipulating the local chemistry of heterostructured oxide cathode is proposed to regulate the relevant physical and chemical properties, resulting in highly reversible structural evolution (P2/P3/spinel → P2/P3″/spinel) and low intrinsic stress in the potential window of 1.5–4.0 V. Also, the simple structural evolution at a relatively high cut‐off potential of 4.3 V can be detected by in situ X‐ray diffraction and other electrochemical characterization techniques during Na+ extraction/insertion. Meanwhile, the electrode exhibits a high reversible capacity (169.4 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C) and excellent rate performance from 1.5 to 4.3 V. Overall, this study reveals the mechanisms of regulating local chemistry to realize strain engineering of the cathode materials and paves the way for the further improvement of high‐performance sodium‐ion batteries.
Surface Reconstruction of Water Splitting Electrocatalysts
Authors: Zeng Ye , Zhao Mengting , Huang Zihao , Zhu Weijie , Zheng Jiaxian , Jiang Qiu , Wang Zhoucheng , Liang Hanfeng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWater electrolysis is regarded as an efficient and green method to produce hydrogen gas, a clean energy carrier that holds the key to solving global energy problems. So far, the efficiency and large‐scale application of water electrolysis are restricted by the electrocatalytic activity of applied catalysts. Recently, the reconstruction phenomenon of electrocatalysts during a catalytic reaction has been discovered, which could form reactive sites for both the oxygen evolution and hydrogen evolution reactions. Regulation of the reconstruction process to generate a large number of reactive species with high activity has since been demonstrated as an effective strategy to enhance the catalytic performance of electrocatalysts. This review summarizes recent progress in the regulation strategies for reconstruction reactions. First, the mechanism of water electrolysis is briefly introduced, and the critical factors regarding the reconstruction process are systematically discussed, followed by a brief introduction of advanced characterization for reconstruction. Moreover, the modulation strategies are summarized with reported examples highlighting the promoted effects on the reconstruction process. Finally, the challenges facing surface‐reconstructed catalysts for water electrolysis in the future are discussed.
Dimethyl Sulfoxide as Methyl Source for the Synthesis of Quinazolinones under Metal‐Free Conditions
Authors: Wu Jiwei , Yu Xiaoxiao , Zhong Liangchen , Jin Kejun , Zhao Guoxu , Zhu Jianye , Shi Haowen , Wei Yuanyuan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAn efficient synthesis of biologically important quinazolinones via using dimethyl sulfoxide as a synthon has been developed. This reaction proceeds smoothly to obtain the corresponding quinazolinones products in good yield under metal free conditions and shows an excellent functional group tolerance. A preliminary mechanistic study indicates that the C2 hydrogen of the synthesized heterocycles come from the dimethyl sulfoxide.
Low‐Pt NiNC‐Supported PtNi Nanoalloy Oxygen Reduction Reaction Electrocatalysts—In Situ Tracking of the Atomic Alloying Process
Authors: Feng Quanchen , Wang Xingli , Klingenhof Malte , Heggen Marc , Strasser Peter 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe report and analyze a synthetic strategy toward low‐Pt platinum‐nickel (Pt‐Ni) alloy nanoparticle (NP) cathode catalysts for the catalytic electroreduction of molecular oxygen to water. The synthesis involves the pyrolysis and leaching of Ni‐organic polymers, subsequent Pt NP deposition, followed by thermal alloying, resulting in single Ni atom site (NiNC)‐supported PtNi alloy NPs at low Pt weight loadings of only 3–5 wt %. Despite low Pt weight loading, the catalysts exhibit more favorable Pt‐mass activities compared to conventional 20–30 wt % benchmark PtNi catalysts. Using in situ microscopic techniques, we track and unravel the key stages of the PtNi alloy formation process directly at the atomic scale. Surprisingly, we find that carbon‐encapsulated metallic Ni@C structures, rather than NiNx sites, act as the Ni source during alloy formation. Our materials concepts offer a pathway to further decrease the overall Pt content in hydrogen fuel cell cathodes.
Drug Repurposing by Siderophore Conjugation: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Siderophore‐Methotrexate Conjugates as Antibiotics
Authors: Zhao Sheng , Wang Zhi‐Peng , Lin Zihua , Wei Guoxing , Wen Xumei , Li Siyu , Yang Xiaohong , Zhang Qun , Jing Chunmei , Dai Yuanwei , Guo Jian , He Yun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDrug repurposing is considered a promising strategy to fight antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Methotrexate (Mtx), a classical anticancer drug, could strongly inhibit bacterial dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). However, its poor permeability into bacteria and potent human cytotoxicity make it unsuitable as an antibacterial. Herein, we reported the conjugation of Mtx with a siderophore to construct “Trojan horse” antibacterials. The most potent conjugate 8 with nanomolar minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values exhibited over 1.00×103‐fold improved activity against Gram‐positive Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) and Gram‐negative Yersinia enterocolitica (Y. enterocolitica) compared with Mtx, while possessing 2.31×103‐fold reduced human cytotoxicity, resulting in 2.08×106‐fold improvements in the therapeutic index. This proof‐of‐principle study verifies that siderophore conjugation is an effective strategy for developing new antibacterials from anticancer drugs.
Unterdrückung der SARS‐CoV‐2‐Replikation mit stabilisierten und durch Klick‐Chemie modifizierten siRNAs
Authors: Traube Franziska R. , Stern Marcel , Tölke Annika J. , Rudelius Martina , Mejías‐Pérez Ernesto , Raddaoui Nada , Kümmerer Beate M. , Douat Céline , Streshnev Filipp , Albanese Manuel , Wratil Paul R. , Gärtner Yasmin V. , Nainytė Milda , Giorgio Grazia , Michalakis Stylianos , Schneider Sabine , Streeck Hendrik , Müller Markus , Keppler Oliver T. , Carell Thomas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDie Entstehung von leichter übertragbaren oder aggressiveren Varianten von SARS‐CoV‐2 erfordert die Entwicklung von antiviralen Medikamenten, die schnell an sich entwickelnde virale Escape‐Mutationen anpassbar sind. Hier berichten wir über die Synthese von chemisch stabilisierter small interfering RNA (siRNA) gegen SARS‐CoV‐2. Die siRNA kann mit Hilfe von CuI‐katalysierter Klick‐Chemie mit Rezeptorliganden wie Peptiden zusätzlich modifiziert werden. Wir zeigen, dass optimierte siRNAs die Viruslast und die virus‐induzierte Zytotoxizität in Zelllinien, die mit SARS‐CoV‐2 infiziert sind, um bis zu fünf Größenordnungen reduzieren können. Darüber hinaus zeigen wir, dass eine mit einem ACE2‐bindenden Peptid‐konjugierte siRNA in der Lage ist, die Virusreplikation und die virus‐induzierte Apoptose in mukoziliären 3D‐Lungenmikrogeweben zu reduzieren. Eine Änderung der siRNA‐Sequenz ermöglicht eine schnelle Anpassung ihrer antiviralen Aktivität gegen verschiedene Virusvarianten. Die Möglichkeit, die siRNA mittels Klick‐Chemie an Rezeptorliganden zu konjugieren, erleichtert die Entwicklung zielgerichteter siRNAs für eine flexible antivirale Abwehrstrategie.
Double‐Cavity Nor‐Seco‐Cucurbit[10]uril Enables Efficient and Rapid Separation of Pyridine from Mixtures of Toluene, Benzene, and Pyridine
Authors: Liu Ming , Cen Ran , Li Jisen , Li Qing , Tao Zhu , Xiao Xin , Isaacs Lyle 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBenzene, toluene and pyridine are widely used as essential raw materials in industry and laboratory research, with stringent purity requirements. Herein, we show that solid double‐cavity host nor‐seco‐cucurbit[10]uril (ns‐Q[10]) functions as an efficient adsorption separator for pyridine; benzene and toluene can be obtained in >99.9 % purity by this method. Thermal removal of pyridine from ns‐Q[10]⋅Py2 allows 10 separation cycles without erosion of performance. The geometry of the ns‐Q[10]⋅Py2 ternary complex was established by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction methods. The ns‐Q[10] cage facilitates the removal of pyridine from toluene and benzene, with >99.9 % purity for the separated compounds.
Phosphorus Tailors thed‐Band Center of Copper Atomic Sites for Efficient CO2Photoreduction under Visible‐Light Irradiation
Authors: Sun Xiaohui , Sun Lian , Li Guanna , Tuo Yongxiao , Ye Chenliang , Yang Jiarui , Low Jingxiang , Yu Xiang , Bitter Johannes H. , Lei Yongpeng , Wang Dingsheng , Li Yadong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPhotoreduction of CO2into solar fuels has received great interest, but suffers from low catalytic efficiency and poor selectivity. Herein, two single‐Cu‐atom catalysts with unique Cu configurations in phosphorus‐doped carbon nitride (PCN), namely, Cu1N3@PCN and Cu1P3@PCN were fabricated via selective phosphidation, and tested in visible light‐driven CO2reduction by H2O without sacrificial agents. Cu1N3@PCN was exclusively active for CO production with a rate of 49.8 μmolCO gcat−1 h−1, outperforming most polymeric carbon nitride (C3N4) based catalysts, while Cu1P3@PCN preferably yielded H2. Experimental and theoretical analysis suggested that doping P in C3N4by replacing a corner C atom upshifted thed‐band center of Cu in Cu1N3@PCN close to the Fermi level, which boosted the adsorption and activation of CO2on Cu1N3, making Cu1N3@PCN efficiently convert CO2to CO. In contrast, Cu1P3@PCN with a much lower Cu3delectron energy exhibited negligible CO2adsorption, thereby preferring H2formation via photocatalytic H2O splitting.
Dearomative Ring Expansion of Polycyclic Arenes
Authors: Piacentini Paolo , Bingham Tanner W. , Sarlah David 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBenzocycloheptenes constitute a common structural motif embedded in many natural products and biologically active compounds. Herein, we report their concise preparation from non‐activated polycyclic arenes using a two‐step sequence involving dearomative [4+2]‐cycloaddition with arenophile in combination with palladium‐catalyzed cyclopropanation, followed by cycloreversion‐initiated ring expansion. The described strategy provides a working alternative to the Buchner reaction, which is limited to monocyclic arenes. Overall, this methylene‐insertion molecular editing approach enables rapid and direct conversion of simple (hetero)arenes into a range of substituted (aza)benzocycloheptatrienes, which can undergo a myriad of downstream functionalizations.
Glycidyl ester and 3‐MCPD ester content in esters of monoglyceride and polyglycerol esters
Authors: Keller Erik , Miller Rasmus Leth 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIt is a well‐established fact that 3‐MCPD esters and glycidyl esters (GE) are groups of food‐processing contaminants, which presents several health issues and that their presence should be reduced to the lowest possible level. The public focus has been on edible oils and fats, but in this work the 3‐MCPDE and GE formation or reduction effect of the esterification is investigated in the synthesis of the food emulsifiers ACETEM, CITREM, LACTEM, PGE, and PGPR. It is shown through factory productions that the content of glycidol, 3‐MCPD and their esters as a sum is most often below 5 mg/kg MCPD equivalents. This is even the case when the raw material contains considerable amounts and in cases up to 75 mg/kg. It is also indicated that the content of glycidol + GE changes much more than 3‐MCPD +3‐MCPD ester, and that the total sum is always reduced through the esterification process. Lab‐scale results on CITREM suggest that 3‐MCPD +3‐MCPD ester comprise a significant part of the total content of 3‐MCPD equivalents in the end‐product. That is, it is likely that the glycidol + GE content in the end‐product is most often well below 1 mg/kg (quantified as free glycidol). The emulsifier ester production processes are characterized by acidic conditions, and this fits nicely with other reports that e.g. acid activated bleaching earth is effective for glycidol/GE reduction in edible oils.
Gaia search for stellar companions of TESS Objects of Interest III
Authors: Mugrauer Markus , Zander Jule , Michel Kai‐Uwe 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe latest results from our ongoing multiplicity study of (Community) TESS Objects of Interest are presented, using astro‐ and photometric data from the ESA‐Gaia mission, to detect stellar companions of these stars and characterize their properties. A total of 124 binary and 7 hierarchical triple star systems were detected among 2175 targets, whose multiplicity was investigated in the course of our survey, which are located at distances closer than about 500 pc around the Sun. The detected companions and the targets are located at the same distance and share a common proper motion, as expected for components of gravitationally bound stellar systems, as proven with their accurate Gaia EDR3 astrometry. The companions have masses in the range between about 0.09 and 2.5 and are most frequently found in the mass range between 0.15 and 0.8 . The companions exhibit projected separations to the targets between about 50 to 9700 au and their frequency is the highest and constant up to about 500 au, while it decreases for larger projected separations. In addition to mainly mid M to early K dwarfs, 4 white dwarf companions were also detected in this survey, whose true nature could be identified with their photometric properties.
All Redox‐Active 2D MXene and 0D Phosphomolybdic Acid Nanoclusters‐Anchored Polypyrrole Nanotubes for High‐Performance Aqueous Hybrid Supercapacitors
Authors: Stephanie Ruth , Patil Swati J. , Chodankar Nilesh R , Suk Huh Yun , Han Young‐Kyu , Park Tae Jung 
Published: July 2022

AbstractInvited for this month's cover picture is the work of a collaboration group led by Professor Tae Jung Park, Dept. of Chemistry, Chung‐Ang University, Republic of Korea. The work depicted in the cover picture is a high‐performance aqueous hybrid supercapacitor based on all redox‐active 2D MXenes and 0D phosphomolybdic acid nanocluster‐anchored polypyrrole nanotubes. The resulting device showed a specific energy of 36.1 Wh kg−1 and a specific power of 6.66 kW kg−1, with good stability over 5000 charge‐discharge cycles. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/batt.202200108.
Vestibular Extremely Low‐Frequency Magnetic and Electric Stimulation Effects on Human Subjective Visual Vertical Perception
Authors: Bouisset Nicolas , Villard Sébastien , Legros Alexandre 
Published: July 2022

Electric fields from both extremely low‐frequency magnetic fields (ELF‐MF) and alternating current (AC) stimulations impact human neurophysiology. As the retinal photoreceptors, vestibular hair cells are graded potential cells and are sensitive to electric fields. Electrophosphene and magnetophosphene literature suggests different impacts of AC and ELF‐MF on the vestibular hair cells. Furthermore, while AC modulates the vestibular system more globally, lateral ELF‐MF stimulations could be more utricular specific. Therefore, to further address the impact of ELF‐MF‐induced electric fields on the human vestibular system and the potential differences with AC stimulations, we investigated the effects of both stimulation modalities on the perception of verticality using a subjective visual vertical (SVV) paradigm. For similar levels of SVV precision, the ELF‐MF condition required more time to adjust SVV, and SVV variability was higher with ELF‐MF than with AC vestibular‐specific stimulations. Yet, the differences between AC and ELF‐MF stimulations were small. Overall, this study highlights small differences between AC and ELF‐MF vestibular stimulations, underlines a potential utricular contribution, and has implications for international exposure guidelines and standards. © 2022 Bioelectromagnetics Society.