bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Constitutionalism and the radical right: The case of the Spanish party Vox
Authors: Castillo-Ortiz Pablo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Since 2018, the radical right party Vox has been part of the political landscape in Spain. This the article analyzes Vox’s electoral manifesto and some important speeches of the party’s leaders, in order to address three main topics. First, the article explains how key themes of liberal constitutionalism feature in the narrative of the party. Second, the article analyzes the extent to which Vox’s policy proposals can be described as illiberal. Third, the article doctrinally assesses to what extent such proposals are compatible with the Spanish Constitution. Contributing to the literature on radical right parties and illiberalism, this article describes the main traits of Vox’s current political approach to constitutionalism. It is argued that these traits can be summarized in three main features: partisan use of constitutional rhetoric, constitutional double standards combined with selective constitutionalism, and unconstitutionality of core policy proposals.
Histology of the tricuspid valve annulus and right atrioventricular muscle distance
Authors: Yamane Kokoro , Takahashi Yosuke , Fujii Hiromichi , Morisaki Akimasa , Sakon Yoshito , Kishimoto Noriaki , Kawase Takumi , Ohsawa Masahiko , Shibata Toshihiko 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Histologically, the mitral valve annulus comprises a collection of collagen fibres. However, the existence of collagen fibres in the tricuspid valve annulus has not been elucidated. Our goal was to clarify the histology of the tricuspid annulus.

METHODS
Fifty human hearts without heart disease that were autopsied at Osaka City University Hospital between January 2009 and December 2017 were examined. The tricuspid valve was sectioned at 12 sites around the annulus, and the atrioventricular junction distance was measured.

RESULTS
None of the tricuspid valve annulus samples had a continuous aggregation of collagen fibres that could be called an annulus. The interventricular space between the right atria and ventricles was composed of adipose tissue only on the anterosuperior and inferior sides, and no adipose tissue was found on the septal side. Comparing the atrioventricular muscle distance of the anterosuperior and inferior sides, the distance at the inferior side was statistically significantly larger than that of the anterosuperior side in 47 cases (P &lt; 0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS
There was no continuous circumferential aggregation of collagen fibres in the right atrioventricular junction. The distance between the right atrial and ventricular myocardium was greater at the inferior side than that at the anterosuperior side, which might lead to more inferior annular dilation versus anterosuperior dilation. These anatomical features will be fundamental for future discussions of the suturing method used in prosthetic ring annuloplasty for tricuspid regurgitation.
The influence of exhaust gas recirculation on the characteristics of compression ignition engines powered by tamanu methyl ester
Authors: P B Senthilkumar , M Parthasarathy , Afzal Asif , Saleel C Ahamed , Cuce Erdem , Saboor Shaik , Gera Tanya 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This study aims to assess the performance of compression ignition (CI) engine powered with various biodiesels. The engine used for this test was a single-cylinder, water-cooled, naturally aspirated, CI engine. The biodiesels used in this study were neem methyl ester (NME), mahua methyl ester (MME), cottonseed methyl ester (CME), tamanu methyl ester (TME) and Albizia saman methyl ester (AME). According to the results, the TME-operated CI engine had 2.69%, 10.53%, 6.31% and 5.49% higher brake thermal efficiency than the MME, NME, CME and AME, respectively, without exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). Tamanu biodiesel outperformed the other test fuels in terms of performance and emissions. As a result, tamanu biodiesel was chosen as the best fuel for further testing. The results showed that tamanu biodiesel emitted more oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions than diesel. EGR could be used with the CI engine, resulting in a significant reduction in NOx emission. Compared to tamanu biodiesel without EGR conditions, the percentages of EGR 5%, 10% and 15% used with TME-operated CI engine produced 9.9%, 18% and 21.3% less NOx emission. The combination of EGR and tamanu biodiesel resulted in a slight increase in hydrocarbon, smoke and carbon monoxide emissions but a substantial reduction in NOx emissions. According to the study’s findings, tamanu biodiesel with 10% EGR demonstrated optimal engine characteristics while having a low environmental impact.
Simulation and optimization of a Carnot battery process including a heat pump/organic Rankine cycle with considering the role of the regenerator
Authors: Zhao Dong , Sun Shuyan , Alavi Hosein 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The inherent nature of the renewable energies is to be intermittent. This leads to negative effects on the security and stability of the energy production system. A sensible solution to eliminate or reduce the negative effects is to integrate the energy storage system with a renewable source–based energy production system. Carnot battery is an emerging technology that allows storing electric energy at low cost with no geographical restrictions. To this end, this paper attempts to provide a comprehensive and accurate assessment of the thermodynamic and cost performances as well as energetic and exergetic analyzes of the considered Carnot battery. In this regard, the Carnot battery is comprised of an organic Rankine cycle (ORC), vapor compression heat pump (VHP) and a pumped thermal energy storage (PTES) (to connect the two ORC and VHP sub-cycles). In addition, in both charge and discharge processes, regenerators are utilized to recover waste heat to improve the performance of the storage system. The main objectives of this article are thermodynamic analysis, calculation of degraded exergy and energetic and exergetic efficiencies and obtaining levelized cost of storage (LCOS). Moreover, LCOS (as the objective function) is optimized using the optimization algorithm. The findings indicated that, at the desired temperature (i.e. 100°C), the values of LCOS and total initial cost are 0.3577 USD per kWh and 56.5 million USD, respectively. It was also found that if the regenerators are not used in both charge and discharge processes, the value of LCOS can be nearly 12% greater.
Genetic and phenotypic parameters for feed efficiency and component traits in American mink
Authors: Davoudi Pourya , Do Duy , Colombo Stefanie M , Rathgeber Bruce , Hu Guoyu , Sargolzaei Mehdi , Wang Zhiquan , Plastow Graham , Miar Younes 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Feed cost is the largest expense of mink production systems, and, therefore, improvement of feed efficiency (FE) through selection for high feed-efficient mink is a practical way to increase the mink industry’s sustainability. In this study, we estimated the heritability, phenotypic, and genetic correlations for different FE measures and component traits, including harvest weight (HW), harvest length (HL), final body length (FBL), final body weight (FBW), average daily gain (ADG), daily feed intake (DFI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), residual feed intake (RFI), residual gain (RG), residual intake and gain (RIG), and Kleiber ratio (KR), using data from 2,288 American mink (for HW and HL), and 1,038 to 1,906 American mink (for other traits). Significance (P &lt; 0.05) of fixed effects (farm, sex, and color type), a covariate (age of animal), and random effects (additive genetic, maternal, and common litter) were evaluated through univariate models implemented in ASReml-R version 4. Genetic parameters were estimated via fitting a set of bivariate models using ASReml-R version 4. Estimates of heritabilities (±SE) were 0.28 ± 0.06, 0.23 ± 0.06, 0.28 ± 0.10, 0.27 ± 0.11, 0.25 ± 0.09, 0.26 ± 0.09, 0.20 ± 0.09, 0.23 ± 0.09, 0.21 ± 0.10, 0.25 ± 0.10, and 0.26 ± 0.10 for HW, HL, FBL, FBW, ADG, DFI, FCR, RFI, RG, RIG, and KR, respectively. RIG had favorable genetic correlations with DFI (−0.62 ± 0.24) and ADG (0.58 ± 0.21), and nonsignificant (P &gt; 0.05) genetic correlations with FBW (0.14 ± 0.31) and FBL (−0.15 ± 0.31). These results revealed that RIG might be a superior trait as it guarantees reduced feed intake with faster-growing mink yet with no negative impacts on body weight and length. In addition, the strong positive genetic correlations (±SE) between KR with component traits (0.88 ± 0.11 with FBW, 0.68 ± 0.17 with FBL, and 0.97 ± 0.02 with ADG) suggested KR as an applicable indirect measure of FE for improvement of component traits as it did not require the individual feed intake to be measured. Overall, our results confirmed the possibility of including FE traits in mink breeding programs to effectively select feed-efficient animals.
Burn Admissions Across Low- and Middle-income Countries: A Repeated Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Quinn Laura , Ahmed Tanveer , Falk Henry , Miranda Altamirano Ariel , Muganza Adelin , Nakarmi Kiran , Nawar Ahmed , Peck Michael , Man Rai Shankar , Sartori Jo , Philipe Molina Vana Luiz , Wabwire Benjamin , Moiemen Naiem , Lilford Richard 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBurn injuries have decreased markedly in high-income countries while the incidence of burns remains high in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) where more than 90% of burns are thought to occur. However, the cause of burns in LMIC is poorly documented. The aim was to document the causes of severe burns and the changes over time. A cross-sectional survey was completed for 2014 and 2019 in eight burn centers across Africa, Asia, and Latin America: Cairo, Nairobi, Ibadan, Johannesburg, Dhaka, Kathmandu, Sao Paulo, and Guadalajara. The information summarised included demographics of burn patients, location, cause, and outcomes of burns. In total, 15,344 patients were admitted across all centers, 37% of burns were women and 36% of burns were children. Burns occurred mostly in household settings (43–79%). In Dhaka and Kathmandu, occupational burns were also common (32 and 43%, respectively). Hot liquid and flame burns were most common while electric burns were also common in Dhaka and Sao Paulo. The type of flame burns varies by center and year, in Dhaka, 77% resulted from solid fuel in 2014 while 74% of burns resulted from Liquefied Petroleum Gas in 2019. In Nairobi, a large proportion (32%) of burns were intentional self-harm or assault. The average length of stay in hospitals decreased from 2014 to 2019. The percentage of deaths ranged from 5% to 24%. Our data provide important information on the causes of severe burns which can provide guidance in how to approach the development of burn injury prevention programs in LMIC.
Thymoma (World Health Organization Type AB) in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: a case report
Authors: Fan Zheyuan , Wang Ling , Wang Jin , Gu Chundong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThymic neoplasms are rarely seen among patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) and appear to be especially rare when pathological examination reveals a World Health Organization Type AB thymoma. In the case presented here, we report a 39-year-old woman with Type AB thymoma in MEN1. A 7.8-cm-sized mediastinal mass was diagnosed as a thymic neoplasm by computed tomography. In addition, pituitary tumor and hypercalcemia from parathyroid hyperplasia were found. Therefore, the patient was clinically diagnosed with MEN1 syndrome and underwent surgical resection of thymic tumor. At the 1-year follow-up, the patient appeared to be healthy without any sign of reoccurrence. Despite its rare occurrence, our case provides us with a new awareness that thymoma may coexist with MEN1.
Appendiceal metastasis of gastric cancer clinically masquerading acute appendicitis: possible route of metastasis
Authors: Sakuma Takahiko , Yokoi Ayaka , Ichihara Shu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Cancer metastasis to appendix vermiformis is rare. We here report a case of appendiceal metastasis of gastric cancer, which was incidentally discovered in the appendix resected as acute appendicitis. A 65-year-old man, who had undergone distal gastrectomy for poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma 2 years before, complained of lower abdominal pain. Physical examination and laboratory tests clinically suggested acute appendicitis. Macroscopically, the serosal surface of the resected appendix was hyperaemic and white-coated. These findings were compatible with the clinical diagnosis. However, histological examination revealed intra-mural invasion of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. The appendix serosal and mucosal surfaces were spared from cancer involvement. As the morphological appearance of adenocarcinoma and associated extensive lymphatic invasion was similar to those seen in the primary gastric cancer, the adenocarcinoma observed in the appendix was diagnosed as a metastasis. Possible routes of metastasis to the appendix from stomach were discussed with a brief review of relevant literature.
Physical Therapists Ordering Imaging and Making Direct Referrals in a Military Healthcare Setting; Two Case Studies
Authors: Tran Irene , Chambers Aaron 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
Physical therapists in the military are allowed some of the widest scope-of-practice privileges in the USA. These privileges include ordering imaging, making direct referrals, and serving as direct-access providers. This independent functioning model may help contribute to more efficient and effective patient care. In this study, two cases are presented to highlight the decision-making process of physical therapists who were able to order imaging and make direct referrals that contributed to successful patient outcomes. The purpose of this study is 2-fold: (1) to highlight physical therapists ordering diagnostic imaging and (2) to correlate physical therapists making direct referrals. The first case involves an active duty military female who sustained an ankle injury. She was referred to physical therapy and underwent conservative treatment with minimal progress. The physical therapist used her privileges to order imaging, interpreted the findings, and referred the patient to an experienced podiatric surgeon. The second case involves an active duty military male who sustained a knee injury. He was referred directly to physical therapy by the hospital urgent care. The military physical therapist evaluated him and determined that an orthopedic referral was necessary. Both of the prior mentioned cases resulted in successful outcomes, with patients returning to their prior level of function. In the military healthcare setting, physical therapists have a unique set of practice privileges that can contribute to timely patient management, improved patient satisfaction, and more efficient and effective care. This healthcare model may be considered in civilian settings in the future as well.
Establishing an environment in which rigorous scientific inquiry is practiced: a personal journey
Authors: Crooke Stanley T 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
For more than three decades, Ionis Pharmaceutics has pursued the challenging mission of creating a new platform for drug discovery. To overcome the numerous challenges faced required the integration of innovation across many scientific areas, despite many disappointments and failures. The approaches implemented to create and maintain a scientific environment to achieve the mission demanded the rigorous practice of science over three decades. The approaches taken are discussed in this perspective.
Quantitative proteomic landscapes of primary and recurrent glioblastoma reveal a protumorigeneic role for FBXO2-dependent glioma-microenvironment interactions
Authors: Buehler Marcel , Yi Xiao , Ge Weigang , Blattmann Peter , Rushing Elisabeth , Reifenberger Guido , Felsberg Joerg , Yeh Charles , Corn Jacob E , Regli Luca , Zhang Junyi , Cloos Ann , Ravi Vidhya M , Wiestler Benedikt , Heiland Dieter Henrik , Aebersold Ruedi , Weller Michael , Guo Tiannan , Weiss Tobias 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
Recent efforts have described the evolution of glioblastoma from initial diagnosis to post-treatment recurrence on a genomic and transcriptomic level. However, the evolution of the proteomic landscape is largely unknown.

Methods
Sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion spectra mass spectrometry (SWATH-MS) was used to characterize the quantitative proteomes of two independent cohorts of paired newly diagnosed and recurrent glioblastomas. Recurrence-associated proteins were validated using immunohistochemistry and further studied in human glioma cell lines, orthotopic xenograft models, and human organotypic brain slice cultures. External spatial transcriptomic, single-cell, and bulk RNA sequencing data were analyzed to gain mechanistic insights.

Results
Although overall proteomic changes were heterogeneous across patients, we identified BCAS1, INF2, and FBXO2 as consistently upregulated proteins at recurrence and validated these using immunohistochemistry. Knockout of FBXO2 in human glioma cells conferred a strong survival benefit in orthotopic xenograft mouse models and reduced invasive growth in organotypic brain slice cultures. In glioblastoma patient samples, FBXO2 expression was enriched in the tumor infiltration zone and FBXO2-positive cancer cells were associated with synaptic signaling processes.

Conclusions
These findings demonstrate a potential role of FBXO2-dependent glioma-microenvironment interactions to promote tumor growth. Furthermore, the published datasets provide a valuable resource for further studies.
Tissue-Wide Effects Override Cell-Intrinsic Gene Function in Radial Neuron Migration
Authors: Hansen Andi H , Pauler Florian M , Riedl Michael , Streicher Carmen , Heger Anna , Laukoter Susanne , Sommer Christoph , Nicolas Armel , Hof Björn , Tsai Li Huei , Rülicke Thomas , Hippenmeyer Simon 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
The mammalian neocortex is composed of diverse neuronal and glial cell classes that broadly arrange in six distinct laminae. Cortical layers emerge during development and defects in the developmental programs that orchestrate cortical lamination are associated with neurodevelopmental diseases. The developmental principle of cortical layer formation depends on concerted radial projection neuron migration, from their birthplace to their final target position. Radial migration occurs in defined sequential steps, regulated by a large array of signaling pathways. However, based on genetic loss-of-function experiments, most studies have thus far focused on the role of cell-autonomous gene function. Yet, cortical neuron migration in situ is a complex process and migrating neurons traverse along diverse cellular compartments and environments. The role of tissue-wide properties and genetic state in radial neuron migration is however not clear. Here we utilized mosaic analysis with double markers (MADM) technology to either sparsely or globally delete gene function, followed by quantitative single-cell phenotyping. The MADM-based gene ablation paradigms in combination with computational modeling demonstrated that global tissue-wide effects predominate cell-autonomous gene function albeit in a gene-specific manner. Our results thus suggest that the genetic landscape in a tissue critically affects the overall migration phenotype of individual cortical projection neurons. In a broader context, our findings imply that global tissue-wide effects represent an essential component of the underlying etiology associated with focal malformations of cortical development in particular, and neurological diseases in general.
Habitat connectivity, gene flow, and population genetic structure in a Neotropical understory insectivore, the Rufous-and-white Wren
Authors: Graham Brendan A , Heath Daniel D , Pulgarin Paulo C , Walter Ryan P , Mark Melissa , Mennill Daniel J 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Among tropical organisms, heightened habitat specialization, limited natal dispersal, and strong philopatry suggest that many species may experience reduced rates of gene flow. Diverse forms of barriers, including geographic, ecological, and behavioral barriers, further promote genetic divergence among tropical bird populations. Here, we extend our comprehension of gene flow in tropical birds by examining population genetic structure in a widespread insectivorous songbird of the Neotropics, the Rufous-and-white Wren (Thryophilus rufalbus). We explore the effects of geographic distance and habitat connectivity on genetic structure using 10 microsatellite loci, and nuclear and mitochondrial sequence data. We report high levels of genetic divergence and population structure with reduced contemporary gene flow between populations over a 500-km transect in Nicaragua and Costa Rica. Mitochondrial DNA and nuclear sequence data indicate that 2 distinct mtDNA genetic groups came into contact in northwestern Costa Rica; molecular dating suggests that the genetic patterns arose as a result of Pleistocene glaciations. Geographic distance and habitat connectivity predicted genetic structure but explained a relatively low proportion of the observed contemporary genetic variation. Patterns were similar for both males and females. Our research demonstrates the deep genetic divergence in tropical birds, and that genetic differentiation can occur over a relatively short distance. For tropical birds, strong limits to gene flow likely arise as a result of limited dispersal from natal populations.
Capsaicin 8% Patch for Spinal Cord Injury Focal Neuropathic Pain, a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Olusanya Adedeji , Yearsley Aaron , Brown Nicholas , Braun Samantha , Hayes Corey , Rose Evon , Connolly Brian , Dicks Madeline , Beal Colby , Helmonds Brett , Peace Wesley , Kirkman Bryce , Nguyen Christina , Erickson Jacob , Nguyen Gabby , Lukose Esha , Koek Wouter , Nagpal Ameet S , Trbovich Michelle 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
Neuropathic pain (NP) after spinal cord injury (SCI) exacerbates disability, decreases quality of life (QOL), and is often refractory to available therapies. Patients report willingness to trade potential recovery of strength, bowel, bladder, or sexual function for pain relief. One proposed mechanism causing NP is up-regulation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV 1) proteins in uninjured C fibers and dorsal root ganglia causing neuronal excitability. Recent studies have found up-regulation of TRPV 1 proteins after SCI.

Objective
We hypothesize the application of capsaicin 8% patch (C8P), FDA approved for NP in diabetic peripheral neuropathy and post-herpetic neuralgia, will improve pain, function and QOL in persons with SCI.

Methods
Randomized single-blind crossover design in which 11 persons with SCI and NP refractory to two oral pain medications received C8P or a control low dose Capsaicin 0.025% patch (CON) over two 12-week periods. Pain (VAS, MPI-SCI), quality of life (WHO-QOL), and functional status (SCIM) were measured at 2–4-week intervals.

Results
There was a main treatment effect of C8P over CON on VAS and MPI-SCI outcomes with pain reduction of 35% and 29% at weeks 2 and 4, respectively. C8P also demonstrated a main treatment effect over CON on the SCIM mobility subscale. WHO-QOL scores did not improve with C8P.

Conclusions
C8P improves pain and mobility for patients with SCI and refractory NP. Larger studies should be performed to evaluate impact of repeat applications and QOL outcomes.