bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are cam morphology size and location associated with self‐reported burden in football players with FAI syndrome?
Authors: Scholes Mark J. , Kemp Joanne L. , Mentiplay Benjamin F. , Heerey Joshua J. , Agricola Rintje , King Matthew G. , Semciw Adam I. , Lawrenson Peter R. , Crossley Kay M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCam morphology size and location might affect the severity of reported burden in people with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) syndrome. We investigated the relationship between cam morphology size (i.e., alpha angle) and self‐reported hip/groin burden (i.e., scores for the International Hip Outcome Tool‐33 (iHOT‐33) and Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS)), examined separately for the anteroposterior pelvis (AP) and Dunn 45° radiographs in football players with FAI syndrome. In total, 118 (12 women) subelite football (soccer or Australian football) players with FAI syndrome with cam morphology (alpha angle ≥60°) participated. One blinded assessor quantified superior and anterosuperior cam morphology size by measuring alpha angles for the AP and Dunn 45° radiographs, respectively. Linear regression models investigated relationships between alpha angle (continuous independent variable, separately measured for the AP and Dunn 45° radiographs) and iHOT‐33 and HAGOS scores (dependent variables). Larger anterosuperior cam morphology (seen on the Dunn 45° radiograph) was associated with lower (i.e., worse) scores for the iHOT‐Total, iHOT‐Symptoms, iHOT‐Job, and iHOT‐Social subscales (unadjusted estimate range −0.553 to −0.319 [95% confidence interval −0.900 to −0.037], p = 0.002 to 0.027), but not the iHOT‐Sport (p = 0.459) nor any HAGOS scores (p = 0.110 to 0.802). Superior cam morphology size (measured using the AP radiograph) was not associated with any iHOT‐33 or HAGOS scores (p = 0.085 to 0.975). Larger anterosuperior cam morphology may be more relevant to pain and symptoms in football players with FAI syndrome than superior cam morphology, warranting investigation of its effects on reported burden and hip disease over time.
Roller Derby as a Secular Alternative to Religion*
Authors: Wollschleger Jason 
Published: January 2022

Drawing on interviews with skaters on teams from all over the country in the women’s flat track roller Derby association (wftda), this article argues that roller Derby can be viewed as a secular alternative to religion for its participants. Following Stolz et al.’s ((Un)Believing in Modern Society: Religion, Spirituality, and Religious‐Secular Competition, Surrey, England: Ashgate Publishing, 2016) argument that social and cultural change has led to a change in the religious ‘competition’ regime which has resulted in changes to the nature of both intra‐religious competition and religious–secular competition so that religious groups now find themselves competing with secular leisure activities. This article finds support for this theory: that roller Derby functions as a secular competitor to religion in the lives of these skaters in three key ways: (1) roller Derby participants make a significant investment of time, energy, money, and physical well‐being into their sport; (2) roller Derby does, in fact, satisfy most if not all of the individual needs traditionally satisfied by religion as identified by Stolz et al(2016). ((Un)Believing in Modern Society: Religion, Spirituality, and Religious‐Secular Competition, Surrey, England: Ashgate Publishing, 2016); and, (3) participation in roller Derby does conflict with individuals’ formal religious involvement.
The submergence tolerance regulator SUB1A differentially coordinates molecular adaptation to submergence in mature and growing leaves of rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Alpuerto Jasper B. , Fukuda Mika , Li Song , Hussain Rana M. F. , Sakane Kodai , Fukao Takeshi 
Published: January 2022

SUMMARYA typical adaptive response to submergence regulated by SUB1A, the ethylene‐responsive transcription factor gene, is the restricted elongation of the uppermost leaves. However, the molecular and physiological functions of SUB1A have been characterized using entire shoot tissues, most of which are mature leaves that do not elongate under submergence. We aimed to identify leaf‐type‐specific and overlapping adaptations coordinated in SUB1A‐dependent and ‐independent manners. To this end, we compared the transcriptomic and hormonal responses to submergence between mature and growing leaves using rice genotypes with and without SUB1A. Monosaccharide, branched‐chain amino acid, and nucleoside metabolism, associated with ATP synthesis, were commonly activated in both leaf types regardless of genotype. In both leaf types, pathways involved in carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism were suppressed by SUB1A, with more severe restriction in growing leaves that have a greater energy demand if SUB1A is absent. In growing leaves, accumulation of and responsiveness to growth‐regulating hormones were properly modulated by SUB1A, which correlated with restricted elongation. In mature leaves, submergence‐induced auxin accumulation was suppressed by SUB1A. This study demonstrates that different sets of hormonal pathways, both of which are modulated by SUB1A, contribute to distinct adaptive responses to submergence in mature and growing rice leaves.
Novel surgical approach to neoplastic lesions in the distal part of the urethra: A pilot cadaver study comparing open and hybrid techniques
Authors: Prządka Przemysław , Liszka Bartłomiej , Antończyk Agnieszka , Gąsior Ludwika , Kiełbowicz Zdzisław 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTumours of the distal urethra in female dogs are often difficult to treat, and the surgical methods described thus far have technical limitations. This study aimed to present a novel approach to the surgical treatment of distal urethral tumours. This study used dog cadavers to evaluate the technical feasibility of surgically removing neoplastic lesions in the distal urethra and compared surgical outcomes of open surgery with those of hybrid surgery (combination of laparoscopy and open surgery). Open intact, open spayed, hybrid intact, and hybrid spayed dog cadaver groups underwent surgery (n = 6 per group). The novel surgical method was based on vulvovaginectomy (ovariohysterectomy in intact dogs), resection of the distal part of the urethra, and pre‐pubic urethrostomy. Outcomes of interest included technical feasibility of each procedure, using both surgical techniques, wound length, time required to complete the procedure, and the incidence of intraoperative ureter and rectum injuries. Surgical technique and reproductive status affected operating time. Technique choice affected wound length; the surgical wound was longer in the open group than in the hybrid group. Macroscopic evaluation of the rectum did not reveal any damage to the wall. There was no evidence of ureter leakage or obstruction in any case. The present findings suggest that both open and hybrid surgery can be used to treat distal urethral tumours.
Measurement of Heat Transfer and Flow Structures in a Closed Rotating Cavity
Authors: Jackson Richard W. , Tang Hui , Scobie James A. , Owen J. Michael , Lock Gary D. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Buoyancy-induced flow occurs inside the rotating compressor cavities of gas turbines. These cavities are usually open at the inner radius, but in some industrial gas turbines, they are effectively closed. This paper presents measurements of the disk heat transfer and rotating flow structures in a closed cavity over a wide range of engine relevant conditions. These experimentally derived distributions of disk temperature and heat flux are the first of their kind to be published. The radial distribution of the nondimensional disk temperature virtually collapsed onto a single curve over the full experimental range. There was a small, monotonic departure from this common curve with increasing Reynolds number; this was attributed to compressibility effects where the core temperature increases as the rotational speed increases. These results imply that, if compressibility effects are negligible, all rotating closed cavities should have a disk temperature distribution uniquely related to the geometry and disk material; this is of important practical use to the engine designer. Unsteady pressure sensors detected either three or four vortex pairs across the experimental range. The number of pairs changed with Grashof number, and the structures slipped relative to the rotating disks by less than 1% of the disk speed.
Which human factors design issues are influencing system performance in out-of-hours community palliative care? Integration of realist approaches with an established systems analysis framework to develop mid-range programme theory
Authors: Yardley Sarah , Williams Huw , Bowie Paul , Edwards Adrian , Noble Simon , Donaldson Liam , Carson-Stevens Andrew 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveTo develop mid-range programme theory from perceptions and experiences of out-of-hours community palliative care, accounting for human factors design issues that might be influencing system performance for achieving desirable outcomes through quality improvement.SettingCommunity providers and users of out-of-hours palliative care.Participants17 stakeholders participated in a workshop event.DesignIn the UK, around 30% of people receiving palliative care have contact with out-of-hours services. Interactions between emotions, cognition, tasks, technology and behaviours must be considered to improve safety. After sharing experiences, participants were presented with analyses of 1072 National Reporting and Learning System incident reports. Discussion was orientated to consider priorities for change. Discussions were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim by the study team. Event artefacts, for example, sticky notes, flip chart lists and participant notes, were retained for analysis. Two researchers independently identified context–mechanism–outcome configurations using realist approaches before studying the inter-relation of configurations to build a mid-range theory. This was critically appraised using an established human factors framework called Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety (SEIPS).ResultsComplex interacting configurations explain relational human-mediated outcomes where cycles of thought and behaviour are refined and replicated according to prior experiences. Five such configurations were identified: (1) prioritisation; (2) emotional labour; (3) complicated/complex systems; (4a) system inadequacies and (4b) differential attention and weighing of risks by organisations; (5) learning. Underpinning all these configurations was a sixth: (6a) trust and access to expertise; and (6b) isolation at night. By developing a mid-range programme theory, we have created a framework with international relevance for guiding quality improvement work in similar modern health systems.ConclusionsMeta-cognition, emotional intelligence, and informal learning will either overcome system limitations or overwhelm system safeguards. Integration of human-centred co-design principles and informal learning theory into quality improvement may improve results.
Effect of fertility health awareness strategies on fertility knowledge and childbearing in young married couples (FertStart): study protocol for an effectiveness-implementation hybrid type I multicentre three-arm parallel group open-label randomised clinical trial
Authors: Chan Sze Ling , Thumboo Julian , Boivin Jacky , Saffari Seyed Ehsan , Yin Shanqing , Yeo Samantha Rachel , Chan Jerry Kok Yen , Ng Kee Chong , Chua Ka-Hee , Yu Su Ling 
Published: January 2022

IntroductionBirth rates have been declining in many advanced societies including Singapore. We designed two interventions with vastly different resource requirements, which include fertility education, personalised fertility information and a behavioural change component targeting modifiable psychological constructs to modify fertility awareness and childbearing intentions. We aim to evaluate the effect of these two interventions on knowledge, attitudes and practice around childbearing compared with a control group among young married couples in Singapore and understand the implementation factors in the setting of an effectiveness-implementation hybrid type 1 three-arm randomised trial.Methods and analysisWe will randomise 1200 young married couples to no intervention (control), Fertility Health Screening group (FHS) or Fertility Awareness Tools (FAT) in a 7:5:5 ratio. Couples in FHS will undergo an anti-Mullerian hormone test and semen analysis, a doctor’s consultation to explain the results and standardised reproductive counselling by a trained nurse. Couples in FAT will watch a standardised video, complete an adapted fertility status awareness (FertiSTAT) tool and receive an educational brochure. The attitudes, fertility knowledge and efforts to achieve pregnancy of all couples will be assessed at baseline and 6 months post-randomisation. Birth statistics will be tracked using administrative records at 2 and 3 years. The primary outcome is the change in the woman’s self-reported intended age at first birth between baseline and 6 months post-randomisation. In addition, implementation outcomes and cost-effectiveness of the two interventions will be assessed.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been reviewed and approved by the Centralized Institutional Review Board of SingHealth (2019/2095). Study results will be reported to the study funder and there are plans to disseminate them in scientific conferences and publications, where authorship will be determined by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors guidelines.Trial registration numberNCT04647136; ClinicalTrails.gov Identifier.
Validity and reliability of the diagnostic codes for hypochondriasis and dysmorphophobia in the Swedish National Patient Register: a retrospective chart review
Authors: Rautio Daniel , Vilaplana-Pérez Alba , Gumpert Martina , Ivanov Volen Z , Linde Johanna , Österman Susanna , Flygare Oskar , Isung Josef , Isomura Kayoko , Krig Sonja , Serlachius Eva , Högström Jens , Rück Christian , Mataix-Cols David , Fernández de la Cruz Lorena 
Published: January 2022

ObjectivesIn the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Edition (ICD-10), hypochondriasis (illness anxiety disorder) and dysmorphophobia (body dysmorphic disorder) share the same diagnostic code (F45.2). However, the Swedish ICD-10 allows for these disorders to be coded separately (F45.2 and F45.2A, respectively), potentially offering unique opportunities for register-based research on these conditions. We assessed the validity and reliability of their ICD-10 codes in the Swedish National Patient Register (NPR).DesignRetrospective chart review.MethodsSix hundred individuals with a diagnosis of hypochondriasis or dysmorphophobia (300 each) were randomly selected from the NPR. Their medical files were requested from the corresponding clinics, located anywhere in Sweden. Two independent raters assessed each file according to ICD-10 definitions and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision and Fifth Edition criteria. Raters also completed the Clinical Global Impression–Severity (CGI-S) and the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF).Primary outcome measurePer cent between-rater agreement and positive predictive value (PPV). Intraclass correlation coefficients for the CGI-S and the GAF.ResultsEighty-four hypochondriasis and 122 dysmorphophobia files were received and analysed. The inter-rater agreement rate regarding the presence or absence of a diagnosis was 95.2% for hypochondriasis and 92.6% for dysmorphophobia. Sixty-seven hypochondriasis files (79.8%) and 111 dysmorphophobia files (91.0%) were considered ‘true positive’ cases (PPV=0.80 and PPV=0.91, respectively). CGI-S scores indicated that symptoms were moderately to markedly severe, while GAF scores suggested moderate impairment for hypochondriasis cases and moderate to serious impairment for dysmorphophobia cases. CGI-S and GAF inter-rater agreement were good for hypochondriasis and moderate for dysmorphophobia.ConclusionsThe Swedish ICD-10 codes for hypochondriasis and dysmorphophobia are sufficiently valid and reliable for register-based studies. The results of such studies should be interpreted in the context of a possible over-representation of severe and highly impaired cases in the register, particularly for dysmorphophobia.
Protocol for a systematic review assessing the measurement of dietary sodium intake among adults with elevated blood pressure
Authors: Soh Yee Chang , Yap Kwong Hsia , McGrattan Andrea , Yasin Shajahan , Reidpath Daniel , Siervo Mario , Mohan Devi 
Published: January 2022

IntroductionAccurate sodium intake estimates in adults with elevated blood pressure are essential for monitoring salt reduction progress and preventing cardiovascular diseases. However, sodium assessments are challenging in this high-risk population because many commonly used antihypertensive drugs alter urinary sodium excretion. Despite the high cost and substantial participant burden of gold-standard 24-hour urine collection, the relative performance of existing spot-urine based equations and dietary self-report instruments have not been well studied in this population, who will benefit from salt restriction. This systematic review aims to describe the current methods of assessing dietary sodium intake in adults with elevated blood pressure and determine what method can provide a valid and accurate estimate of sodium intake compared with the gold standard 24-hour urine collection.Methods and analysisStudies assessing sodium intake in adults aged 18 years and above with reported elevated blood pressure will be included. Five electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Global Health, WoS and Cochrane CENTRAL) will be systematically searched from inception to March 2021. Also, a manual search of bibliographies and grey literature will be conducted. Two reviewers will screen the records independently for eligibility. One reviewer will extract all data, and two others will review the extracted data for accuracy. The methodological quality of included studies will be evaluated based on three scoring systems: (1) National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute for interventional studies; (2) Biomarker-based Cross-sectional Studies for biomarker-based observational studies and (3) European Micronutrient Recommendation Aligned Network of Excellence for validation studies of dietary self-report instruments.Ethics and disseminationAs the proposed systematic review will collect and analyse secondary data associated with individuals, there will be no ethical approval requirement. Findings will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal or presented at a conference.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020176137.
‘Trying to fly the plane while we were building it’. Applying a learning health systems approach to evaluate early-stage barriers and facilitators to implementing primary care transformation: a qualitative study
Authors: Pestka Deborah L , White Katie M , DeRoche Kimberly K , Benson Bradley J , Beebe Timothy J 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveA learning health system (LHS) uses data to generate evidence and answer questions required to continually improve system performance and patient care. Given the complexities of practice transformation, an area where LHS is particularly important is the study of primary care transformation (PCT) as PCT generates several practice-level questions that require study where the findings can be readily implemented. In May 2019, a large integrated health delivery system in Minnesota began implementation of a population management PCT in two of its 40 primary care clinics. In this model of care, patients are grouped into one of five service bundles based on their complexity of care; patient appointment lengths and services provided are then tailored to each service bundle. The objective of this study was to examine the use of a LHS in PCT by utilising the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) to categorise implementation lessons from the initial two PCT clinics to inform further implementation of the PCT within the health system.DesignThis was a formative evaluation in which semistructured qualitative interviews were carried out. Observational field notes were also taken. Inductive coding of the data was performed and resultant codes were mapped to the CFIR.SettingTwo suburban primary care clinics in the Twin Cities, Minnesota.ParticipantsTwenty-two care team members from the first two clinics to adopt the PCT.ResultsSeventeen codes emerged to describe care team members’ perceived implementation influences. Codes occurred in each of the five CFIR domains (intervention characteristics, outer setting, inner setting, characteristics of individuals and process), with most codes occurring in the ‘inner setting’ domain.ConclusionsUsing an LHS approach to determine early-stage implementation influences is key to guiding further PCT implementation, understanding modifications that need to be made and additional research that needs to occur.
Plasma concentration guided dosing of drugs used for the treatment of childhood leukaemias: protocol for a systematic review
Authors: van Dyk Madelé , Boylan Chelsea , Michelet Robin , Mc Laughlin Anna M , Kichenadasse Ganessan , May Nikki , Ziesenitz Victoria , Van Den Anker Johannes N , Groenland Stefanie L , Huitema Alwin D R , Steeghs Neeltje , Mikus Gerd , Kloft Charlotte , Tapp Heather 
Published: January 2022

IntroductionChildhood leukaemia is the most common type of cancer in children and represents among 25% of the diagnoses in children <15 years old. Childhood survival rates have significantly improved within the last 40 years due to a rapid advancement in therapeutic interventions. However, in high-risk groups, survival rates remain poor. Pharmacokinetic (PK) data of cancer medications in children are limited and thus current dosing regimens are based on studies with small sample sizes. In adults, large variability in PK is observed and dose individualisation (plasma concentration guided dosing) has been associated with improved clinical outcomes; whether this is true for children is still unknown. This provides an opportunity to explore this strategy in children to potentially reduce toxicities and ensure optimal dosing. This paper will provide a protocol to systematically review studies that have used dose individualisation of drugs used in the treatment of childhood leukaemias.Methods and analysisSystematic review methodology will be applied to identify, select and extract data from published plasma guided dosing studies conducted in a paediatric leukaemia cohort. Databases (eg, Ovid Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Cochrane) and clinical trial registries (CENTRAL, ClinicalTrials.gov and ISRCTN) will be used to perform the systematic literature search (up until February 2021). Only full empirical studies will be included, with primary clinical outcomes (progression-free survival, toxicities, minimal residual disease status, complete cytogenetic response, partial cytogenetic response and major molecular response) being used to decide whether the study will be included. The quality of included studies will be undertaken, with a subgroup analysis where appropriate.Ethics and disseminationThis systematic review will not require ethics approval as there will not be collection of primary data. Findings of this review will be made available through publications in peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations. Gaps will be identified in current literature to inform future-related research.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021225045.