bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ways to determine reliability in the operation of ship parts made by banding method
Authors: Kovalenko Ivan 
Published: December 2021

In the development of modern shipbuilding conditions and the repair of ship units, a special role is given to the use of basic structural elements consisting of technological parts. When performing these steps, it is important to analyze the properties of the materials from which the technological components of ship equipment are made. Testing should be close to the operating conditions of ship axles and shafts, namely cyclic loading, aggressive and adhesive environment.
Therefore, a special factor is the technological control over the sequence of manufacture, selection of materials, surfacing technology. All these requirements can be analyzed and predicted using computer modulation. Investigations of the properties of the transition layers of the weld and the base metal and their effect on the number of load cycles in the tests are also key. All conditions will be met with the optimal selection of the chemical component Ni - Cr, which provide the required level of doping. The hardness of the materials is ensured by the presence of Mg in the metal. Also important are the heat treatment modes that provide the desired final structure of the material for machining and surfacing. For this part and its elements, the best properties in terms of operation in fine austenitic and pearlitic structures.
During the operation of ship shafts and axles, the propagation of puncture loads is performed due to the occurrence of final stresses at low-cycle and multi-cycle loads and subsequent fatigue of the structural lattice.
When considering the range of materials used in combined structures is very large and includes most welded steels. According to the combination of materials in one unit, it is advisable to distinguish two main groups of structures: with welded joints of steels of the same structural class, but different alloying, and with welded joints of steels of different structural classes. In this regard, the decision to obtain a balanced bandage connection lies in obtaining a fine-grained structure of the weld metal and the seam area.
Investigation of problems in modeling critical loads on a composite model of a wind turbine blade
Authors: Domin Oleksiy , Larin Oleksiy 
Published: December 2021

This article deals with the problems of designing and analysis of the deformed state of the wind turbine blade under critical loads. A three-dimensional shell simulation model is built, taking into account the complex curvilinear geometry and the presence of reinforcing internal parts. The determination of the parameters of the stress-strain state under the influence of wind load was carried out on the basis of the finite element method. A shell ten-node isoparametric finite element was used. The constructed finite element model of the blade allows taking into account the composite structure and reproduced the presence of a different number of composite layers along the thickness of the shell, the diversity of fibers on individual layers, in particular, the curvilinear orthotropy of mechanical properties was modeled. The procedure of multi-layer structure setting is presented, which provides for superimposition of layers of composite one on the other in places of joint, which ensures compliance of model with technological peculiarities. Static analysis of structural deformation calculation is carried out taking into account lifting force and air head force. The strength analysis was performed for each of the layers according to the criterion of maximum deformations.
Key words: composite material, wind turbine blade, strength, finite-elemental analysis, orthotropy of characteristics.
DEDE KORKUT’UN KIRK İNCE BELLİ KIZLARINDAN BÂCIYÂN-I RÛM TEŞKİLATINDA SOSYAL ÖRGÜTLENMENİN İZLERİ
Authors: DEVECİ Ümral 
Published: December 2021

Ahîlik oluşumu içinde ortaya çıkan ve varlığı konusunda ise araştırmacıların tartışmalarına vesile olan tarihteki ilk kadın birliği olarak da kabul gören “Bâcıyân-ı Rûm” teşkilatı, 13.yy da Türkmen kadınlarının birçok konuda birlikte hareket ettikleri, usta- çırak ilişkisi içerisinde kadınların pek çok açıdan eğitildiği bir örgütlenme prototipidir.
Dönemin şartları gereği hem üretim hem savaş/mücadele, hem de savunma/yurdunu koruma konusunda da katkı değer oluşturan kadınların birlikte belirli bir düzen ve hiyerarşi içinde oluşturdukları bu sosyal oluşumunun izlerini, varlığı 8. yüzyıla dek dayandırılan Dede Korkut anlatılarında sürmek mümkündür. Her ne kadar yazıya geçirildikleri dönem itibariyle İslamiyet’in etkisi hissedilse de Dresden ve Vatikan nüshalarındaki günümüze ulaşmış 12 anlatıdaki kadın profillerine baktığımızda Bâcıyân-ı Rûm teşkilatındaki kadınların konumları ve özellikleriyle örtüşen bir paralellikten söz edilebilir. Özellikle Dede Korkut’taki beylerin eşlerinin 40 ince belli kız eşliğinde ava, savaşa gittikleri, yurtlarını korudukları, iş birliği içinde ilaç yaptıkları, hanımlarını korumak için bir plan dâhilinde hareket ettikleri anlatılmaktadır. Boyu Uzun Burla Hatunun, Dirse Han’ın Hatununun maiyetlerindeki 40 ince belli kızla birlikte hareket ederek anlatıların kurgusuna yön verdikleri görülmektedir. Bunların yanı sıra savaşçı/alp kadın özellikleri taşıyan Banu Çiçek’i ve Selcen Hatun’u da bunların dışında tutmak mümkün değildir.
Sonuç olarak denilebilir ki; her ne kadar yeterli belge bulgu olmadığı için tartışmalara açık olsa da Bâcıyân-ı Rûm teşkilatını, -karakteri gereği Dede Korkut Anlatılarında karşımıza çıkan hatun ve maiyetlerindeki kızlar bağlamında değerlendirdiğimizde- sosyal tarih çerçevesinde var olan bir geleneğin devamı olarak işaretleyebiliriz.
Ozone to Overcome Aspergillus flavus and Aflatoxin in Grains: Opportunities and Challenges of Implementation
Authors: Hidayah Nikmatul , Winarti Christina , Ahmad Usman 
Published: December 2021

<p>Ozone can be used as an alternative to control mold and aflatoxins in grains that is more eco-friendly because it does not leave residues that are harmful for humans, animals and environment. The use of ozone was quite effective in reducing mold and aflatoxin in grains such as barley, whole wheat, corn and rice. In Indonesia, ozone was limited used for sterilization of fruit and vegetable. Therefore, the comprehensive review on the potential of ozone in grains is needed, especially on the priority commodities of agricultural development in Indonesia, such as rice and corn. The objective of this review was to examine the opportunities of ozone to reduce Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxin in grains, so that it can improve its quality and shelf life. Many studies showed that the use of ozone reduced Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxin in grains by 50-90%.<br />Keywords: Grains, Aspergillus flavus, aflatoxin, ozone</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p><strong>OZON UNTUK MENGATASI CEMARAN ASPERGILLUS FLAVUS DAN</strong><br /><strong>AFLATOKSIN PADA BIJI-BIJIAN: PELUANG DAN TANTANGAN</strong><br /><strong>IMPLEMENTASI</strong></p><p>Ozon dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu alternatif pengendalian cendawan dan aflatoksin pada biji-bijian yang lebih ramah lingkungan karena tidak meninggalkan residu yang berbahaya bagi manusia, hewan, maupun lingkungan. Penggunaan ozon cukup efektif mengurangi kontaminasi cendawan dan aflatoksin pada bijibijian seperti barley, biji gandum, jagung, dan beras. Di Indonesia, ozon digunakan secara terbatas untuk proses pencucian beberapa jenis buah dan sayuran. Oleh karena itu diperlukan telaah lebih lanjut mengenai potensi penggunaan ozon pada biji-bijian terutama komoditas strategis yang menjadi prioritas dalam pembangunan pertanian di Indonesia seperti padi dan jagung. Tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah untuk menelaah peluang penggunaan ozon dalam mengurangi kontaminasi Aspergillus flavus dan cemaran aflatoksin pada produk biji-bijian, sehingga diharapkan dapat memperbaiki kualitas dan meningkatkan umur simpan produk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penggunaan ozon dapat menurunkan cemaran A. flavus dan aflatoksin pada biji-bijian sampai 50-90%.<br />Kata kunci: Biji-bijian, Aspergillus flavus, aflatoksin, ozon</p>
Nuevas miradas desde el bicentenario
Authors: Sobrevilla Perea Natalia 
Published: December 2021

En esta edición de la revista Desde el Sur encontramos una serie de reflexiones sobre el Perú enmarcadas dentro de la conmemoración del bicentenario. Si bien solo una de ellas se enfoca en estudiar de manera directa el periodo de la independencia, y su análisis no se centra en cómo se logró la separación con España ni en las celebraciones realizadas en estos años de pandemia, sí queda claro que todos los trabajos de este número contribuyen a la com prensión del Perú en este contexto específico. El 2021 ha sido un año particular. Por un lado, el país y el mundo entero siguen inmersos en la realidad compleja y cambiante de la pandemia, mientras que, por el otro, el Perú ha vivido un intenso y desgastante proceso electoral que no ha logrado poner fin a la inestabilidad política que lo ha caracterizado los últimos cinco años.
Effects of organic carbon content on in situ remediation time using steam–air injection
Authors: Awandu W. , Trötschler O. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Groundwater contamination by chlorinated hydrocarbons (CHC) is a common phenomenon that poses health risks to both humans and animals. These halogenated hydrocarbons infiltrate into the soil matrices and form pools at the bottoms of the aquifers thus contaminating the groundwater sources. Thermally enhanced soil vapour extraction (TSVE) using steam–air injection has gained popularity as an alternative technique to remediate the saturated and vadose source zones contaminated with CHC. This technique has been successfully applied in the remediation of contaminated sites (brownfields, industrial sites) and groundwater. However, the presence of organic carbon (OC) contents within the soil matrices has not been intensively studied. This paper, therefore, intends to contribute toward increasing the understanding of the effects of OC on the remediation time using TSVE. A 2-D flume experimental model was conducted in VEGAS laboratory using coarse sand, fine sand and silty soil with 0, 1 and 2% addition of the activated carbon as OC to investigate the desorption time of PCE and TCE as CHC during TSVE extraction using steam–air injection. 100 kg of soil mixed with the activated carbon was treated with 50 g TCE and 50 g PCE and then remediated using TSVE. The remediation times were recorded and recovered CHC was documented. It was discovered that the presence of OC enhanced the adsorption of the CHC onto the soil matrices thereby increasing the time required for the complete remediation of the contaminant from the soil. An increase of OC by 1% resulted in desorption time by a factor of 4–7.
A systematic study of uranium in groundwater and its correlation with other water quality parameters
Authors: Srivastava Mansi , Srivastava P. K. , Kumar Dharmendra , Kumar Ajay 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A parametric investigation was carried out to estimate the Uranium concentration and other associated water quality parameters for the groundwater in Deoghar district, Jharkhand. A total of 150 groundwater samples have been collected from dig wells, hand pumps, tube wells, etc. for the pre and post-monsoon seasons. A Quantalase Uranium analyzer was used to measure the uranium concentration. The distribution of pH, TDS, DO, nitrate, sulfate, uranium, along with the radiation, has been determined. It was found that the uranium concentration in groundwater varies from 0.10 to 11.30ppb in pre-monsoon and 0.15–6.50ppb in the post-monsoon, which is well below the normal tolerance limit (i.e.30 μg/l WHO). This low availability of Uranium has been attributed to the existence of a lesser number of rocks containing uranium as a source in that area. An attempt has been made to correlate the uranium concentration with the water quality parameters for both seasons. The correlation data reveals that ORP, nitrate, phosphate, calcium, and magnesium show a positive correlation with uranium concentration for both seasons; on the other hand TDS, EC, temperature, DO, fluoride, and chloride show negative correlation. The positive correlation implies that uranium may be present in groundwater as a dissolved salt of these parameters. Comparative studies for the parameters have been done for both the seasons and various factors have been discussed for the occurrence of the same. The annual effective dose associated with the ingestion of uranium by the population of the region has been estimated using USEPA equations.
Advanced catalytic oxidation coupled to biological systems to treat pesticide-contaminated water: A review on technological trends and future challenges
Authors: Soto-Verjel Joseph , Maturana Aymer Y. , Villamizar Salvador E. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This article had the one and only objective of consolidating the couplings of advanced oxidation processes and biological systems in the decontamination of wastewater with pesticide content reported in the Scopus and Web of Science databases, through a critical analysis of which have been the most used, what methodologies have been implemented to develop them, identifying the objectives of each work, determining the success of the research and where the main niches of knowledge are, which can lead to the generation of new scientific knowledge as well as future trends. A co-occurrence analysis was carried out through the VOSViewer software to determine the most associated key words with the treatment configurations described above. Fenton and Photo-Fenton processes, heterogeneous photocatalysis TiO2/UV, electrocatalysis, ozonization and a particular case of hydrodynamic cavitation-ozone as main advanced oxidation processes, together with advanced biological processes such as sequential batch bioreactor (SBR), membrane bioreactor (MBR), mobile bed biofilm reactor (MBBR); biodegradability and toxicity tests with bacterial strains and surface wetlands, whose treatment philosophy is activated sludge. The main future trends are the reuse of treated wastewater, the analysis and control of costs towards the efficient use of resources and the primary study of the byproducts generated in advanced oxidation to improve the efficiencies in the coupling.
Penumbra in Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Yi Yang , Liu Zijia , Wang Meng , Sun Mengting , Jiang Xue , Ma Chen , Xie Fei , Ma Xuemei 
Published: December 2021

Abstract:
Acute ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of disability and death worldwide.
The brain tissue adjacent to the central necrotic core was first defined as ischemic penumbra characterized by reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF) with electrical failure but maintained ionic homeostasis and transmembrane electrical potentials. Since then, the evolving concepts of the ischemic penumbra have been proposed based on energy metabolism, CBF thresholds and protein synthesis,
which provide insight for the diagnosis and treatment of acute ischemic stroke. This paper summarizes the recent advances in the understanding of ischemic penumbra, from its discovery to the
diagnosis methods based on imaging techniques and biomarkers, finally some of the treatments developed. In addition, we discussed future perspectives on therapeutic targets beyond ischemic penumbra to develop a treatment for acute ischemic stroke.
Iridoids Analysis by Different Analytical Techniques and its Role as Pharmacologic
Agents: A Review
Authors: Taleuzzaman Mohamad , Verma Rishabh , Arshad M. Faiz , Grover Parul , Kaur Jasmeet , Gandhi Neha , Das Vishnu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract:
Iridoids are monoterpenoids classed with a cyclopentanopyran framework and detected
in various plants and certain special animals. In plants, it exists as glycosides, generally bound to
glucose. Around six hundred iridoid glycosides are available in fifty-seven families of plants. Iridoids
are abundant in dicotyledonous plants belonging to the Diervillaceae, Loganiaceae, Apocynaceae,
Scrophulariaceae, Lamiaceae, and Rubiaceae families. Analytical techniques like chromatography,
NMR, UPLC, etc., are used for the identification, separation, and estimation of either herbal
extracts or formulations of iridoids. Advanced analytical techniques are useful for precise and
accurate quantification of active ingredients responsible for therapeutic effects. They can be
achieved by a developed and validated robust analytical method. Iridoids have shown diverse pharmacological
properties. Some of the important activities are immunomodulatory, neuroprotective,
anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and cardio-protective effects. The other important activities
are antimicrobial, antioxidant, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, anticancer, choleretic, antispasmodic,
and purgative activities attributed to iridoids. There were not many efforts made in the past to
gather and review the literature on various aspects of iridoids. This review article has collected a
myriad of literature on old and advanced analytical techniques, including method development and
validation of methods for quantitative and qualitative analysis of iridoids. The review also emphasizes
the role of iridoids in the prevention of various ailments.
Dissimilar Anxiety-like Behavior in Prepubertal and Young Adult Female Rats on Acute Exposure to Aluminium
Authors: Sengupta Trina , Ghosh Sutirtha , Gaur T. Archana , Nayak Prasunpriya 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Puberty is a developmental transition in which an estrogenic surge occurs,
mediating the release of xenoestrogens, like aluminium. Aluminium’s effect on anxiety in rodents at
the different developmental stages is inconsistent.

Aims:
This study aimed at investigating the effect of the metalloestrogenic property of aluminium on
anxiety-like behavioral changes in prepubertal and young adult female rats. Objective: Considering
this aim, our objective was to evaluate the anxiety-like behavior by the elevated plus maze in prepubertal and young adult female rats with or without acute exposure to aluminium.

Methods:
To address this property of aluminium, 5mg/Kg body weight (Al-5) and 10 mg/Kg body
weight (Al-10) of aluminium was administered intraperitoneally to female rats at two developmental
stages, prepubertal (PP; n = 8 for each dose) and young adult (YA; n = 6 for each dose) for two weeks.
Post-treatment, three days behavioral assessment of the rats was done employing elevated plus maze.

Results:
Reduced escape latency was seen in Al-5, Al-10 pre-pubertal rats, and Al-5 young-adult rats
on day 3. A significant reduction in open arm time was seen in the Al-5 young-adult rats. Aluminium
treatment in the pre-pubertal rats reduced their head dipping and grooming. Reduced sniffing, head
dipping, and stretch-attended posture in the treated young-adult female rats showed that they had impaired risk-taking tendency.

Conclusion:
Differential effect on the anxiety-like behavior in the pre-pubertal and young-adult female rats might be due to the metalloestrogenic property of aluminium, acting differently on the two
age groups.
The Role of Monoamine Oxidase B Inhibitors in the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease - An Update
Authors: Koh Rhun Yian , Chew Zhi Xin , Lim Chooi Ling , Ng Khuen Yen , Chye Soi Moi , Ling Anna Pick Kiong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract:Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterised by reduced dopamine levels in the substantial nigra. This may lead to typical motor features such as bradykinesia, resting tremors and rigid muscles, as well as non-motor symptoms such as neuropsychiatric symptoms, sleep disorders, autonomic dysfunction, and sensory disturbances. Inhibitors of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) are used to alleviate symptoms by reducing monoamine oxidase-catalysed degradation of dopamine; hence, preserving functional levels of dopamine. The very first MAO-B inhibitor used therapeutically was selegiline, followed by rasagiline, its indane derivative which has superior efficacy and selectivity. Both inhibitors can be used as monotherapy or in combination with other anti- Parkinson drugs. Safinamide, a reversible MAO-B inhibitor that utilises both dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic mechanisms, was recently approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) (2015) and U.S. FDA (2017) as an add-on therapy for patients with mid- or late-stage Parkinson’s disease. Furthermore, MAO-B inhibitors were found to be associated with potential neuroprotective and disease modifying effects. However, evidence of their efficacy and role in PD models is scarce and warrants further investigation.
Corrigendum: Inhibitory Effect of Codeine on Sucrase Activity
Authors: Minai-Tehrani Dariush , Minoui Saeed , Sepehre Marzie , Sharif-Khodai Zohre , Aavani Tooka 
Published: December 2021

A typographical error appeared in the author’s name of the article entitled “Inhibitory Effect of Codeine on Sucrase Activity“ by Dariush Minai-Tehrani, Saeed Minoui, Marzie Sepehre, Zohre Sharif-Khodai, Tooka Aavani, Drug Metabolism Letters, 2009; 3(1): 58-60. [1].

Details of the error and a correction are provided here.

The fourth author#039;s name in this article was misspelled. Hence it should be read as "Zohreh Sharifkhodaei" as per the request of the author.

We regret the error and apologize to readers.

The original article can be found online at: https://www.eurekaselect.com/93132/article

Original:
Zohre Sharif-Khodai

Corrected:
Zohreh Sharifkhodaei
Perspectives of Dental Practitioners Regarding Their Readiness for Medical Emergencies: A Study in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Jaber Louay , Al-Qarni Faisal , Alsaati Mohammed , Al-Nefaiee Mohammed , Shetty Ashwin C. , Shaban Sami , Zarka Rima , Aljundi Azzam , Jaber Baraa 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Training dental practitioners on emergency preparedness and response is essential for the successful management of medical emergencies.

Objectives:
To assess the perceptions of dental practitioners in Saudi Arabia about their readiness to manage medical emergencies in the dental practices.

Methods:
This cross-sectional survey was conducted among dental practitioners working in 52 dental centers in Saudi Arabia. Questionnaires mainly gathered data on the measures taken by dental practitioners to prevent medical emergencies, BLS certification, availability of essential drugs and equipment, and perceptions of dental practitioners regarding the adequacy of their training for medical emergencies.

Results:
Of the total 270 participants, the majority reported that they take medical history (94%), perform visual inspection (90%), consult with patients’ physician when needed (89%), and modify treatment plan as necessary (94%). However, only 19% of them routinely take baseline vital signs for their patients and 52.6% have valid BLS certification. Only 29.6% and 16.3% of dental practitioners have reported that they have all essential drugs and equipment, respectively.

Conclusion:
The preventive measures for medical emergency appears to be deficient because most dental practitioners are not routinely taking baseline vital signs for their patients. This important issue is combined with shortage of BLS certification among dental practitioners and inadequate availability of all medical emergency drugs and equipment in dental practices.