bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gravimetric selection of activated sludge for settling properties improvement and granular sludge formation – full scale case study
Authors: Gemza N. , Kuśnierz M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
With an increasing frequency of extreme weather events wastewater treatment plant operators face a need to increase plant hydraulic capacity while continuing to comply with effluent quality requirements. An economically attractive way to meet this challenge is to significantly improve secondary settling tank performance and therefore assure safe wet weather plant operation. The objective of this study was to evaluate gravimetric selection technology conducted in hydrocyclones as a way for improving activated sludge settling characteristics in continuous flow BNR with a long sludge retention time and assess its ability to form granular sludge. Long term operational data and sludge morphology monitoring data were analysed. A significant drop in sludge volume index (SVI) (to values under 50 ml/g) and increase in return activated sludge solids concentration (to values above 20 g/L) was observed. Hydrocyclone installation consistently, selectively retained denser, larger flocs in the system and after a start-up phase large granules begin to appear. Gravimetric selection did not prevent the seasonal filamentous biomass outgrowth and temperature drop at the beginning of winter resulted in rapid rise of SVI and SST sludge blanket height especially after heavy rain. Technology under study proved to be effective under certain process conditions but it needs further research to consistently maintain low SVI values throughout the whole year.
Construction of g-C3N4/Ag/TiO2 Z-scheme photocatalyst and Its improved photocatalytic U(VI) reduction application in water
Authors: Liu Yuelin , Yuan Yilei , Ni Shangyuan , Liu Jun , Xie Shuibo , Liu Yingjiu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The reduction of soluble U(VI) to insoluble U(IV) by photocatalytic technology is considered to be a valid method to remove U(VI) from water. Herein, g-C3N4/Ag/TiO2 Z-scheme heterojunction was synthesized for photocatalytic U(VI) reduction application. The SEM, XRD and XPS characterization results showed that a ternary g-C3N4/Ag/TiO2 composite photocatalyst was synthesized successfully. g-C3N4/Ag/TiO2 exhibited excellent photocatalytic reduction performance for U(VI) under visible light irradiation. After 30 min irradiation, the removal rate of U(VI) was above 99%. XPS indicated that the majority of U(VI) on the surface of g-C3N4/Ag/TiO2 was reduced to U(IV). In addition, the photocatalytic activity of g-C3N4/Ag/TiO2 has been kept significantly after five rounds of experiments, indicating good stability. g-C3N4/Ag/TiO2 exhibited better photocatalytic reduction of U(VI) under visible light irradiation, which is mainly ascribed to Z-scheme photocatalytic mechanism assisted by the LSPR effect (Local Surface Plasmon Resonance). Ag with plasmon resonance effect on the loading has a strong absorption of photon energy. In addition, an intermediate charge transfer channel is formed between Ag and the semiconductor to inhibit the combination of photogenerated electrons and holes, resulting in a significant increase in the photocatalytic activity of the photocatalyst. This idea has some significance in design of other composite photocatalytic systems.
Complicações psicológicas na saúde mental e os benefícios da atividade física: uma revisão da literatura durante a pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Rivello Cukier Majlech , França Rivello Guimarães da Silva Marina , Bárbara Batista Silveira  
Published: April 2022

A disseminação mundial da COVID-19 alterou a normalidade da vida diária, forçando a população ao distanciamento e isolamento social e desencadeou problemas psicológicos, como transtorno do pânico, ansiedade e depressão. O principal objetivo deste estudo é relatar a prevalência e gravidade deste sofrimento psicológico, avaliar a saúde mental atual na sociedade e, portanto, construir uma intervenção relevante, como a atividade física, para lidar com este desafio de forma eficiente. Foi realizada uma revisão da literatura com o instrumento de busca PICO. Para a seleção dos artigos em português e inglês entre 2019 e 2021, seguindo os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foi utilizada a base de dados PubMed para ampliar a busca. Apenas dois artigos relataram sintomas psicológicos entre pacientes com COVID-19. O primeiro estudo mostrou que o sintoma de estresse pós-traumático estava presente em 96,2% de 714 pacientes hospitalizados, mas estáveis. O segundo estudo mostrou que a prevalência de depressão (29,2%) foi elevada (p = 0,016) entre 57 pacientes recém-recuperados de COVID-19 em comparação com os participantes em quarentena (9,8%), enquanto nenhuma diferença no nível de ansiedade foi encontrada (P = 0,154). Dois artigos revelaram menor bem-estar psicológico em comparação com antes do COVID-19. No entanto, um estudo não encontrou diferença significativa nos sintomas de ansiedade, depressão ou estresse. Portanto, manter uma rotina regular de exercícios é uma estratégia fundamental para a saúde física e mental durante um período de descanso forçado, como a atual emergência de coronavírus.
Violência obstétrica
Authors: Souza Maria Cristina Almeida de , Porfírio Laila Monteiro 
Published: April 2022

A violência obstétrica (VO) é um termo utilizado para caracterizar as ações violentas que ocorrem durante a prática profissional na assistência obstétrica. Se no momento do parto a mulher torna-se vítima da violência obstétrica, podem ocorrer transtornos psicológicos, justificando, assim, a necessidade da presença de um psicólogo para o suporte à vítima. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar o conhecimento dos estudantes de um curso de graduação em psicologia de uma Universidade Privada sobre a VO. Estudo quantitativo, transversal, amostra por conveniência, não probabilística, constituída pelos alunos de Psicologia. Dados coletados por meio de um questionário eletrônico. Participaram da pesquisa 41,87% dos alunos. Do total de participantes, 84,3% informaram saber o significado de VO. Quando perguntados sobre a não permissão à parturiente para ficar na posição de sua preferência e a negativa à presença do acompanhante escolhido na hora do parto, respectivamente 71,6% e 91% dos participantes concordou ser VO. Na percepção de 71,6%, restrição à movimentação da mulher em trabalho de parto configura VO, assim como também, para 91,8% dos participantes, se enquadra neste tipo de violência a indução à realização de cesariana. Informações em linguagem pouco acessível à parturiente, na opinião de 88,8% dos estudantes, representa VO, bem como a estimulação à complementação de fórmulas em detrimento ao aleitamento materno exclusivo. Concluiu-se que os participantes possuem conhecimento sobre VO. Mas ainda há déficits de conhecimento, que poderá comprometer prática profissional, sinalizando que esta pesquisa poderá contribuir para atualização de conteúdos programáticos disciplinares.
Antitumor Effects of Turmeric on OVCAR-3 Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Gurer Hulusi Goktug , Gursoy Ozlem Ozgur , Eren Ceren Yildiz , Sezer Canan Vejselova 
Published: April 2022

Introduction:
Ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecological malignancy, usually not detected until the late
stages. In vitro cell culture is a method used to study the behavior of cells in a controlled environment. Turmeric has
attracted the attention of scientists due to its anticancer potential.

Method:
OVCAR-3 cells were cultured in RPMI medium with 100 units/mL-100 μg/mL of penicillin-streptomycin
and 10% foetal bovine serum in a CO2 incubator. Turmeric extract was diluted in DMSO. Different concentrations of
turmeric extract were prepared. Annexin-V staining was performed to test the translocation of phosphatidylserine to the
outer side of the cell membrane as a clear indicator of apoptosis.

Results:
Turmeric extract significantly reduced the viability of OVCAR-3 cells both within 24 and 48 hours of exposure.
OVCAR-3 cells were treated with IC50 concentration of turmeric extract for 24 hours. 82.60% of cells were viable.
The percentages of the dead, early apoptotic, and late apoptotic cells were detected to be 0.80%, 9.70%, and
6.90%, respectively. Untreated OVCAR-3 cells had migration ability. OVCAR-3 cells exposed to an IC50 concentration
of turmeric extract for 24 hours did not close the scratch area.

Conclusion:
In this research, anticancer effects of turmeric have been demonstrated by different analysis methods.
Implications and Efficacy of Aromatase Inhibitors in Combination and Monotherapy
for the Treatment of Lung Cancer
Authors: Rahal Bayan A. , Bardaweel Sanaa K. 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Lung tumors express high levels of aromatase enzyme compared to surrounding normal tissue.
Inhibition of aromatase has emerged as a recent therapeutic approach for the treatment of breast cancer. However,
the role of aromatase inhibition in lung cancer treatment requires further investigation.

Methods:
The anti-proliferative effects of aromatase inhibitors were evaluated by MTT assay. Cell migration was
assessed using a wound healing assay. The mechanism of cell death was determined using the annexin VFITC/
propidium iodide staining flow cytometry method. The soft agar colony formation assay evaluated cells’ capability
to form colonies.

Result:
Exemestane and curcumin significantly inhibited the growth of lung cancer cell lines in a dose- and timedependent
manner. The IC50 values after 48 hours of treatment with exemestane were 176, 180, and 120 μM in A549,
H661, and H1299, respectively. Curcumin IC50 values after 48 hours were 80, 43, and 68 μM in A549, H661, and
H1299, respectively. The combined treatment of exemestane or curcumin with cisplatin, raloxifene, and celecoxib
resulted in a synergistic effect in the A549 lung cell line with a combination index of less than 1, suggesting synergism.
Exemestane resulted in approximately 96% inhibition of wound closure at 100 μM, while curcumin resulted in approximately
63% inhibition of wound closure at 50 μM. Exemestane and curcumin inhibited the formation of cell colonies
by reducing the number and size of formed colonies of A549, H661, and H1299 cell lines in a concentration dependent
manner. Exemestane and curcumin had significantly induced apoptosis in A549 cells compared to control of untreated
cells.

Conclusion:
Aromatase inhibition by exemestane or curcumin had significantly inhibited the growth of lung cancer
cell lines, synergized with cisplatin, raloxifene, and celecoxib, suppressed lung cancer cell migratory potential, induced
apoptosis, and reduced colony formation of lung cancer cells.
Social Determinants in Self-Protective Behavior Related to COVID-19: Association Rule–Mining Study
Authors: Urbanin Gabriel , Meira Wagner , Serpa Alexandre , Costa Danielle de Souza , Baldaçara Leonardo , da Silva Ana Paula , Guatimosim Rafaela , Lacerda Anísio Mendes , Oliveira Eduardo Araújo , Braule Andre , Romano-Silva Marco Aurélio , da Silva Antônio Geraldo , Malloy-Diniz Leandro , Pappa Gisele , Miranda Débora Marques 
Published: April 2022

Background
Human behavior is crucial in health outcomes. Particularly, individual behavior is a determinant of the success of measures to overcome critical conditions, such as a pandemic. In addition to intrinsic public health challenges associated with COVID-19, in many countries, some individuals decided not to get vaccinated, streets were crowded, parties were happening, and businesses struggling to survive were partially open, despite lockdown or stay-at-home instructions. These behaviors contrast with the instructions for potential benefits associated with social distancing, use of masks, and vaccination to manage collective and individual risks.

Objective
Considering that human behavior is a result of individuals' social and economic conditions, we investigated the social and working characteristics associated with reports of appropriate protective behavior in Brazil.

Methods
We analyzed data from a large web survey of individuals reporting their behavior during the pandemic. We selected 3 common self-care measures: use of protective masks, distancing by at least 1 m when out of the house, and handwashing or use of alcohol, combined with assessment of the social context of respondents. We measured the frequency of the use of these self-protective measures. Using a frequent pattern–mining perspective, we generated association rules from a set of answers to questions that co-occur with at least a given frequency, identifying the pattern of characteristics of the groups divided according to protective behavior reports.

Results
The rationale was to identify a pool of working and social characteristics that might have better adhesion to behaviors and self-care measures, showing these are more socially determined than previously thought. We identified common patterns of socioeconomic and working determinants of compliance with protective self-care measures. Data mining showed that social determinants might be important to shape behavior in different stages of the pandemic.

Conclusions
Identification of context determinants might be helpful to identify unexpected facilitators and constraints to fully follow public policies. The context of diseases contributes to psychological and physical health outcomes, and context understanding might change the approach to a disease. Hidden social determinants might change protective behavior, and social determinants of protective behavior related to COVID-19 are related to work and economic conditions.

Trial Registration
Not applicable.
Designing Tangibles to Support Emotion Logging for Older Adults: Development and Usability Study
Authors: Gooch Daniel , Mehta Vikram , Stuart Avelie , Katz Dmitri , Bennasar Mohamed , Levine Mark , Bandara Arosha , Nuseibeh Bashar , Bennaceur Amel , Price Blaine 
Published: April 2022

Background
The global population is aging, leading to shifts in health care needs. In addition to developing technology to support physical health, there is an increasing recognition of the need to consider how technology can support emotional health. This raises the question of how to design devices that older adults can interact with to log their emotions.

Objective
We designed and developed 2 novel tangible devices, inspired by existing paper-based scales of emotions. The findings from a field trial of these devices with older adults are reported.

Methods
Using interviews, field deployment, and fixed logging tasks, we assessed the developed devices.

Results
Our results demonstrate that the tangible devices provided data comparable with standardized psychological scales of emotion. The participants developed their own patterns of use around the devices, and their experience of using the devices uncovered a variety of design considerations. We discuss the difficulty of customizing devices for specific user needs while logging data comparable to psychological scales of emotion. We also highlight the value of reflecting on sparse emotional data.

Conclusions
Our work demonstrates the potential for tangible emotional logging devices. It also supports further research on whether such devices can support the emotional health of older adults by encouraging reflection of their emotional state.
Risk Factors Associated With SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infections in Fully mRNA-Vaccinated Individuals: Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Liu Cong , Lee Junghwan , Ta Casey , Soroush Ali , Rogers James R , Kim Jae Hyun , Natarajan Karthik , Zucker Jason , Perl Yehoshua , Weng Chunhua 
Published: April 2022

Background
COVID-19 messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines have demonstrated efficacy and effectiveness in preventing symptomatic COVID-19, while being relatively safe in trial studies. However, vaccine breakthrough infections have been reported.

Objective
This study aims to identify risk factors associated with COVID-19 breakthrough infections among fully mRNA-vaccinated individuals.

Methods
We conducted a series of observational retrospective analyses using the electronic health records (EHRs) of the Columbia University Irving Medical Center/New York Presbyterian (CUIMC/NYP) up to September 21, 2021. New York City (NYC) adult residences with at least 1 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) record were included in this analysis. Poisson regression was performed to assess the association between the breakthrough infection rate in vaccinated individuals and multiple risk factors—including vaccine brand, demographics, and underlying conditions—while adjusting for calendar month, prior number of visits, and observational days in the EHR.

Results
The overall estimated breakthrough infection rate was 0.16 (95% CI 0.14-0.18). Individuals who were vaccinated with Pfizer/BNT162b2 (incidence rate ratio [IRR] against Moderna/mRNA-1273=1.66, 95% CI 1.17-2.35) were male (IRR against female=1.47, 95% CI 1.11-1.94) and had compromised immune systems (IRR=1.48, 95% CI 1.09-2.00) were at the highest risk for breakthrough infections. Among all underlying conditions, those with primary immunodeficiency, a history of organ transplant, an active tumor, use of immunosuppressant medications, or Alzheimer disease were at the highest risk.

Conclusions
Although we found both mRNA vaccines were effective, Moderna/mRNA-1273 had a lower incidence rate of breakthrough infections. Immunocompromised and male individuals were among the highest risk groups experiencing breakthrough infections. Given the rapidly changing nature of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, continued monitoring and a generalizable analysis pipeline are warranted to inform quick updates on vaccine effectiveness in real time.
A transcriptional complex of FtMYB102 and FtbHLH4 coordinately regulates the accumulation of rutin in Fagopyrum tataricum
Authors: Zhang Dong , Mi Yaolei , Li Yu , Qian Guangtao , Vanhaelewyn Lucas , Meng Xiangxiao , Liu Tingxia , Yang Wei , Shi Yuhua , Ma Pengda , Atia-tul-Wahab * , Chen Shilin , Sun Wei 
Published: April 2022

Tartary buckwheat ( Fagopyrum tataricum) is rich in flavonoids,
which not only play an important role in plant-environment interaction,
but are also beneficial to human health. Rutin is a therapeutic flavonol
which is massively accumulated in Tartary buckwheat. It has been
demonstrated that transcription factors (TFs) control rutin
biosynthesis. However, the transcriptional regulatory network of rutin
is not fully clear. In this study, through transcriptome and target
metabolomics profiling analysis together with homolog prediction, we
identified and validated the role of FtMYB102 and FtbHLH4 TFs at the
different developmental stages of Tartary buckwheat. The elevated
accumulation of rutin in the sprout appears to be closely associated
with the expression of FtMYB102 and FtHLH4. Yeast two-hybrid, transient
luciferase activity and co-immunoprecipitation analysis demonstrated
that FtMYB102 and FtbHLH4 can interact and form a transcriptional
complex. Moreover, yeast one-hybrid showed that both FtMYB102 and
FtbHLH4 directly bind to the promoter of chalcone isomerase (
CHI), and they can coordinately induce CHI expression as
shown by transient luciferase activity assay. Finally, we transferred
the FtMYB102 and FtbHLH4 into the hairy roots of Tartary buckwheat and
found that they both can promote the accumulation of rutin. Our results
indicate that FtMYB102 and FtbHLH4 can form a transcriptional complex by
inducing CHI expression to coordinately promote the accumulation
of rutin.
The seasonal changes in the position of the upper boundary of the Black Sea hydrogen sulfide zone due to the nature of the dynamic processes development
Authors: Belevich R.R. , Andrianova O.R. , Skipa M.I. 
Published: April 2022

The position and seasonal fluctuations of the depth of the maximum water salinity gradient in the Black Sea in the upper 150 m layer (halocline), which is interpreted as the upper boundary of the hydrogen sulfide layer in the sea, were estimated based on the analysis of climatic data of the vertical distribution of salinity for the period 1903—1982. Seasonal maps of the depth of this boundary in the water area of the sea were constructed, and extrema (axes of maximum and minimum) were identified. Features of dynamic processes in the Black Sea were estimated by the position of the axes of the convergence and divergence zones, which correspond to the values of the maximum and minimum in the field of the considered characteristic. Water temperature and salinity maps in isolines with extremum axes highlighted on them — the positions of the vergence zones axes were built at this depth in a similar way. Thus, ideas have been obtained where the position of the upper boundary of the hydrogen sulfide layer should be expected in a specific season and region.
For comparison with the current hydrophysical conditions in the Black Sea, the actual materials of individual surveys carried out three times in 2016, 2017, and 2019 during a warm period on a zonal section in the open sea were analyzed. The depth of the upper boundary of the hydrogen sulfide zone was 55, 56, and 54 m, respectively, while according to climatic data — 62 m. It may indicate ongoing changes due to climate warming.
The problem of determining the place of family law in the legal system
Authors: Shust M. S. , Polishchuk M. G. 
Published: April 2022

The article is devoted to the category of the problem of determining the place of family law in the legal system of Ukraine. The question of determining the place of family law in the legal system is debatable. There are two main points of view on this issue. According to the first of them, family law is considered as an integral part of civil law, its sub-branch, according to the second family law - is an independent branch of law, separate from civil law. The essence of the discussion is to recognize the existence of family law specific subject and method of legal regulation, do not coincide with the subject and method of civil law, or to identify subjects and methods of family law and civil law and, accordingly, to consider family law as a branch of civil law.
Today, the above questions can be asked in two aspects: in retrospect, in terms of the concepts of family law that have existed in science at different times, and in terms of the modern vision of the problem.
Today, the intensity of the discussion has decreased due to the revision of basic concepts of law. Restoration of the division of the right into private and public has become not just a tribute to fashion, but a natural and necessary step in the development of Ukrainian legal thought.
Public law is considered as a set of rules, the subject of regulation of which is the sphere of public (state) interests. The relations that arise here are based on the principles of subordination.
Private law, on the contrary, is a set of rules, the subject of regulation of which is the sphere of private, individual interests of the person1. Such relations are based on the coordination of the purpose and interests of their participants, who in the process of interaction satisfy first of all their private interests.
Family law is closely linked to other areas of law, including civil law on property rights and inheritance; Like housing rights, people who are eligible for housing also live in a family, although the definition of an agency has certain departmental characteristics.
Family law is characterized by the presence of many rules that contain positive obligations. They are primarily addressed to adult family members and relatives - parents, adoptive parents, guardians and trustees. Positive commitments seem to motivate participants in family relationships to positive actions, stimulate their lawful behavior. Yes, parents are obliged to support the child until he or she reaches the age of majority; guardian, trustee is obliged to raise the child, take care of his health, physical, mental, spiritual development, to ensure that the child receives a full general secondary education.