bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inflation persistence and monetary policy: DSGE‐VAR approach
Authors: Chin Kuo‐Hsuan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe study the dynamics of U.S. inflation persistence and the sources resulting to it over the “Great Inflation” and “Great Moderation” periods. It is different from most of the current studies in that we consider a Bayesian VAR model with the DSGE prior, the so‐called DSGE‐VAR approach, in which the prior economic information is coming from a small‐scale New Keynesian DSGE model. In the recursive estimation of the model, we find a decline in the inflation persistence, measured by the “half‐life” response of inflation to the monetary policy shock, in the early 1980s. The stance of monetary policy, particularly the aggressive attitude toward the monetary policy implementation, plays an important role in explaining the structural change of the inflation persistence.
Intrusion of overerupted periodontally compromised posterior teeth using orthodontic mini implants: A mechanobiological finite element study
Authors: Ugarte Omar Melendres , Cattaneo Paolo Maria , Roscoe Marina Guimarães , Gialain Ivan Onone , Dominguez Gladys Cristina , Ballester Rafael Yagüe , Meira Josete Barbosa Cruz 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe intrusion of posterior teeth had been considered challenging up to the development of orthodontic mini implants. In periodontally compromised teeth, the challenge is even greater, because of the root resorption risk due to periodontal ligament over‐compression. Still, the precise strategy to determine the force reduction level remains uncertain.ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to determine, by a finite element analysis (FEA), the force reduction needed to avoid root resorption and maintain the efficiency of orthodontic mechanics of periodontally compromised teeth similar to the sound one.MethodsAn anatomical model was constructed representing a premolar inserted into a maxillary bone. Based on the initial model (R0), three bone height loss conditions were simulated (R2 = 2 mm, R4 = 4 mm, and R6 = 6 mm). Two intrusive movements were simulated: pure intrusion (bilateral mini implant) and uncontrolled‐tipping intrusion (buccal mini implant). The hydrostatic stress at the periodontal ligament was used to evaluate the risk of root resorption due to over‐compression.ResultsFor bilateral mini implant intrusion, the force had to be decreased by 16%, 32% and 48% for R2, R4 and R6, respectively. For buccal mini implant intrusion, the required reductions were higher (20%, 36% and 56%). A linear relationship between the intrusive force reduction and the alveolar bone height loss was observed in both intrusion mechanics.ConclusionsAccording to the FE results, 8% or 9.3% of force reduction for each millimetre of bone height loss is suggested for intrusion with bilateral or buccal mini implant, respectively. The buccal mini implant anchorage must be associated with a supplemental strategy to avoid buccal crown tipping.
Copy number variant‐based genome wide association study reveals immune‐related genes associated with parasite resistance in a heritage sheep breed from the United States
Authors: Estrada‐Reyes Zaira M. , Ogunade Ibukun M. , Pech‐Cervantes Andres A. , Terrill Thomas H. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFlorida Native is a heritage sheep breed in the United States and expresses superior ability to regulate gastrointestinal nematodes. The objective of the present study was to investigate the importance of copy number variants (CNVs) on resistance to natural Haemonchus contortus infections. A total of 300 Florida Native sheep were evaluated. Phenotypic records included fecal egg count (FEC, eggs/gram), FAMACHA© score, percentage cell volume (PCV, %), body condition score (BCS) and average daily gain (ADG, kg). Sheep were genotyped using the GGP Ovine 50K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip. Log ratios from 45.2 k SNP markers spanning the entire genome were utilized for CNV detection. After quality control, 261 animals with CNVs and phenotypic records were used for the association testing. Association tests were carried out using correlation‐trend test and principal component analysis correction to identify CNVs associated with FEC, FAMACHA©, PCV, BCS and ADG. Significant CNVs were detected when their adjusted p‐value was <.05 after FDR correction. A total of 8124 CNVs were identified, which gave 246 non‐overlapping CNVs. Fourteen CNVs were significantly associated with FEC and PCV. CNVs associated with FEC overlapped 14 Quantitative Trait Locus previously associated with H. contortus resistance. Our study demonstrated for the first time that CNVs could be potentially involved with parasite resistance in Florida Native sheep. Immune‐related genes such as CCL1, CCL2, CCL8, CCL11, NOS2, TNF, CSF3 and STAT3 genes could play an important role for controlling H. contortus resistance. These genes could be potentially utilized as candidate markers for selection of parasite resistance in this breed.
Contemporary Native American and Indigenous Religions: State of the field
Authors: Keegan Brennan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNative American and Indigenous religions are incredibly diverse in practice, belief, material culture, and organization, which shape distinct individual religious experiences and communal identities. The study of Native American and Indigenous religions is not the study of a singular religion or people nor does it refer to a singular methodology. Instead, the study of contemporary Native American religions is the study of diverse communities that were and continue to be shaped by settler colonialism, Christian missionization, US federal Indian policy, and legal battles over religious freedom and ancestral lands. Three interrelated themes emerge in recent scholarship: the study of protest/protector movements and the assertion of legal rights for sovereignty, self‐determination, and religious freedom; the confluence of environmental issues and Indigenous religions; and an attention to global Indigeneity. A number of gaps remain, however: engagement with non‐federally recognized tribes; Indigenous communities outside of the American West; and religion and violence.
Community‐Based Social Enterprises as Actors for Neo‐Endogenous Rural Development: A Multi‐Stakeholder Approach☆
Authors: Olmedo Lucas , O'Shaughnessy Mary 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRural shrinking is an ongoing phenomenon in many parts of Europe. Against this backdrop neo‐endogenous rural development has been gaining support as a conceptual and policy approach which stress the combination of local and external actors, resources and forces for enhancing an integrated development of rural areas. Within this governance framework rural social enterprises have been stressed as potential key actors contributing to rural development. This paper explores, through 36 semi‐structured interviews with diverse stakeholders of two Irish community‐based rural social enterprises, the role of these organizations in contributing to a neo‐endogenous development. Our findings show how their mobilization of the social attachment of their members, their collective character and their delivery of tangible results have been key to develop collaborative dynamics with stakeholders from different sectors and situated at various spatial scales. Moreover, these organizations have accommodated global‐exogenous forces buffering their effects through locally‐focused solutions which address the needs of their rural communities, despite their incapacity to address the causes of these global‐exogenous trends. We conclude that rural community‐based social enterprises can play a relevant role in contributing to neo‐endogenous development, however, institutional frameworks that address the diversity of rural areas and that enhance balanced collaborations among different rural development stakeholders are a precondition to unlock their potential.
Manifestaciones clínicas del Síndrome de Möbius: scoping review
Authors: Nieto Ramírez Luis Eduardo , Mejia Jaramillo Sarita , Camayo Vásquez Tatiana , Téllez Hernández Carolina 
Published: August 2022

El síndrome de Möbius (SM) hace parte de un grupo de desórdenes genéticos conocidos como desordenes congénitos de denervación craneal (CCDD). Se trata de una parálisis oculofacial congénita infrecuente con pocos casos reportados desde su primera descripción por Von-Graefe en 1880 y Moebius en 1888. La prevalencia del síndrome de Möbius se estima que es entre 1-2 por cada 10.000 nacimientos, afectando por igual a ambos sexos. Se caracteriza por compromiso de múltiples nervios craneales, más frecuentemente el VI y VII par. Entre los signos y síntomas de mayor relevancia están la inhabilidad para realizar expresiones faciales, y compromiso de la mirada conjugada. Múltiples posibles causales han sido estudiadas, pero no se ha determinado una etiología específica, entre estas causas están los trastornos vasculares secundarios a medicamentos, tóxicos, fenómenos de la actividad uterina, así como la teoría familiar genética de herencia autosómica dominante. Es frecuente que este síndrome curse con malformaciones extracraneales en particular de los miembros superiores. El diagnóstico se hace generalmente en la infancia, es principalmente clínico, sin embargo, la confirmación imagenológica es necesaria. Aunque la sintomatología no es progresiva es indispensable que el abordaje sea multidisciplinario incluyendo valoración inicial por Neurología, Genética, manejo quirúrgico por Cirugía Plástica, Terapia Física, y Rehabilitación neurológica.
Longitudinal associations between self-reported vision impairment and all-cause mortality: a nationally representative cohort study among older Chinese adults
Authors: Wang Ziyue , Congdon Nathan , Ma Xiaochen 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveTo compare the effects of pre-existing and new self-reported vision impairment (VI), and its correction, on all-cause mortality among Chinese adults aged 45 years and older.MethodsWe used four waves of data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Our analytical cohort consists of 15 808 participants aged 45 years and older with an average follow-up of 6.4 years. Exposures included pre-existing self-reported VI and vision correction (time‐independent exposures), new self-reported VI and vision correction (time‐dependent exposures). Outcomes were measured as the risk of all-cause mortality and the risk stratification for pre-specified factors.ResultsCompared with participants with normal vision, all-cause mortality was higher among those with pre-existing self-reported VI (crude HR (cHR)=1.29, 95% CI: 1.17 to 1.44; adjusted HR (aHR)=1.22, 95% CI: 1.09 to 1.37) and new self-reported VI (cHR=1.42, 95% CI: 1.28 to 1.58; aHR=1.36, 95% CI: 1.21 to 1.51). Mortality risk was lower among those with high school or higher education. Participants who were wearing eyeglasses/contact lenses or had cataract surgery at baseline did not have significantly higher all-cause mortality (eyeglasses: aHR=0.82, 95% CI: 0.65 to 1.02; cataract surgery: aHR=1.12, 95% CI: 0.74 to 1.69) compared with participants with normal vision. The same was true among participants with new correction of self-reported VI (glasses: aHR=1.01, 95% CI: 0.78 to 1.24; cataract surgery: aHR=0.95, 95% CI: 0.68 to 1.31).ConclusionsBoth pre-existing and new self-reported VI increase all-cause mortality among Chinese adults aged 45 years and older, though visual correction reduces this risk.
Community-based surveillance of infectious diseases: a systematic review of drivers of success
Authors: McGowan Catherine R. , Takahashi Emi , Romig Laura , Bertram Kathryn , Kadir Ayesha , Cummings Rachael , Cardinal Laura J. 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionCommunity-based surveillance may improve early detection and response to disease outbreaks by leveraging the capacity of community members to carry out surveillance activities within their communities. In 2021, the WHO published a report detailing the evidence gaps and research priorities around community-centred approaches to health emergencies. In response, we carried out a systematic review and narrative synthesis of the evidence describing the drivers of success of community-based surveillance systems.MethodsWe included grey literature and peer-reviewed sources presenting empirical findings of the drivers of success of community-based surveillance systems for the detection and reporting of infectious disease-related events. We searched for peer-reviewed literature via MEDLINE, EMBASE, Global Health, SCOPUS and ReliefWeb. We carried out grey literature searches using Google Search and DuckDuckGo. We used an evaluation quality checklist to assess quality.ResultsNineteen sources (17 peer-reviewed and 2 grey literature) met our inclusion criteria. Included sources reported on community-based surveillance for the detection and reporting of a variety of diseases in 15 countries (including three conflict settings). The drivers of success were grouped based on factors relating to: (1) surveillance workers, (2) the community, (3) case detection and reporting, (4) and integration.DiscussionThe drivers of success were found to map closely to principles of participatory community engagement with success factors reflecting high levels of acceptability, collaboration, communication, local ownership, and trust. Other factors included: strong supervision and training, a strong sense of responsibility for community health, effective engagement of community informants, close proximity of surveillance workers to communities, the use of simple and adaptable case definitions, quality assurance, effective use of technology, and the use of data for real-time decision-making. Our findings highlight strategies for improving the design and implementation of community-based surveillance. We suggest that investment in participatory community engagement more broadly may be a key surveillance preparedness activity.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022303971.
How do hospitals engage patients and family members in quality management? A grounded theory study of hospitals in Brazil
Authors: Saut Ana Maria , Berssaneti Fernando Tobal , Ho Linda Lee , Berger Simone 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundPatient and family engagement (PFE) is considered an essential element of the transformation of the healthcare system. However, it is characterised by its complexity and a small number of institutions that have implemented the mechanisms of engagement.ObjectiveTo understand PFE in quality management (QM) in the hospital environment.DesignA qualitative approach was guided by the grounded theory based in Straussian perspective. Data were gathered using semistructured interviews. The coding was performed by excerpts, using an inductive approach and the constant comparison technique.Setting and participantsA total of seven Brazilian hospitals were selected based on the theoretical sampling technique.ResultsA total of five categories emerged, namely: patient partner, mechanisms of engagement, internal structure for engagement, maturity of the QM system and openness to change. Externally, three contextual factors can impact the engagement: the local health system, the profile of the community and the change in access to the information. At the centre of the change is the balance in power relations between patients and professionals, the sharing of information from the hospital and a proactive attitude towards improving services.ConclusionsThe PFE involves a cultural and process change. Cultural change is represented by ‘openness’, that is, openness to learn, to listen and to consider new perspectives. The change in processes is in turn characterised by the phrase ‘test and venture’ because the model to be adopted may be different between hospitals. The patient’s perspective allows actions to be driven towards what really matters to them, ensuring quality of service and safety, obtaining a new perspective to understand and solve problems, and stimulating a sense of urgency, more empathy and compassion in professionals.
Preventing unscheduled hospitalisations from asthma: a retrospective cohort study using routine primary and secondary care data in the UK (The PUSH-Asthma Study)—protocol paper
Authors: Simms-Williams Nikita , Nagakumar Prasad , Thayakaran Rasiah , Adderley Nicola , Hotham Richard , Mansur Adel , Nirantharakumar Krishnarajah , Haroon Shamil 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionAsthma is the most common chronic respiratory disease in children and adults. Asthma results in significant disease-related morbidity, healthcare costs and, in some cases, death. Despite efforts through implementation of national guidelines to improve asthma care, the UK has one of the highest asthma-related morbidity and mortality rates in the western world. New approaches are necessary to prevent asthma attacks in children and adults. The objectives of this study are to assess the association between demographic and clinical factors and asthma-related hospital admissions in children and adults, describe the epidemiology of asthma phenotypes among hospital attenders, and externally validate existing asthma risk prediction models.Methods and analysisThis is a retrospective cohort study of children and adults with asthma. Data will be extracted from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) Aurum database, which holds anonymised primary care data for over 13 million actively registered patients and covers approximately 19% of the UK population. The primary outcome will be asthma-related hospital admissions. The secondary outcomes will be prescriptions of short courses of oral corticosteroids (as a surrogate measure for asthma exacerbations), a composite outcome measure including hospital admissions and prescriptions of short courses of oral corticosteroids and delivery of asthma care management following hospital discharge. The primary analysis will use a Poisson regression model to assess the association between demographic and clinical risk factors and the primary and secondary outcomes. Latent class analysis will be used to identify distinct subgroups, which will further our knowledge on potential phenotypes of asthma among patients at high risk of asthma-related hospital admissions. A Concordance statistic (C-statistic) and logistic regression model will also be used to externally validate existing risk prediction models for asthma-related hospitalisations to allow for the optimal model to be identified and evaluated provide evidence for potential use of the optimal performing risk prediction model in primary care.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the CPRD Independent Scientific Advisory Committee (reference number: 21_000512). Findings from this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and disseminated at national and international conferences.
Protecting against brain damage by improving treatment in neonates with hypoglycaemia: ProBrain-D—a study protocol of a prospective longitudinal study
Authors: Hoermann Henrike , Roeper Marcia , Dafsari Roschan Salimi , Koestner Felix , Schneble Dominik , von Zezschwitz Dunja , Mayatepek Ertan , Kummer Sebastian , Meissner Thomas 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionAlthough neonatal hypoglycaemia is the most common metabolic problem in neonates, there is no standard guideline for screening. Additionally, treatment of neonatal hypoglycaemia and glucose administration thresholds are discussed controversially. Severe hypoglycaemia can lead to brain damage, but data on the effects of mild hypoglycaemia on neurological development are limited. To our knowledge, this is the first prospective longitudinal cohort study to analyse if the implementation of a new diagnosis and treatment standard for neonatal hypoglycaemia may improve the outcome of neonates at risk for hypoglycaemia, especially concerning neurodevelopment. Furthermore, the acceptance and feasibility of the standard among different professional groups and parents are analysed.Methods and analysisAfter implementation of a structured standard operating procedure (SOP), detailing preventive measures, blood glucose screening and neonatal hypoglycaemia treatment in a tertiary care hospital, 678 neonates ≥35+0 weeks of gestation will be recruited in a monocentric prospective cohort study. For comparison, 139 children born before the implementation of this new SOP, who had risk factors for neonatal hypoglycaemia or qualified for blood glucose measurements are recruited (retrospective cohort). For the primary end point, comparative analyses between and within the prospective and retrospective cohorts will be performed regarding the neurological outcome at 2–2.5 years of age in Bayley Scales of Infant Development. Furthermore, comprehensive clinical data and data on nutrition and developmental milestones are assessed at different time points (6 weeks, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months) in the prospective cohort. Acceptance and feasibility of the new standard are assessed using questionnaires.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf (20201162). The results of this study will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and presented at international conferences.Trial registration numberDRKS00024086.
Clinical implications of gender and race in patients admitted with autoimmune hepatitis: updated analysis of US hospitals
Authors: Lee David Uihwan , Kwon Jean , Koo Christina , Han John , Fan Gregory Hongyuan , Jung Daniel , Addonizio Elyse Ann , Chang Kevin , Urrunaga Nathalie Helen 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundAutoimmune hepatitis (AIH) can result in end-stage liver disease that requires inpatient treatment of the hepatic complications. Given this phenomenon, it is important to analyse the impact of gender and race on the outcomes of patients who are admitted with AIH using a national hospital registry.MethodsThe 2012–2017 National Inpatient Sample database was used to select patients with AIH, who were stratified using gender and race (Hispanics and blacks as cases and whites as reference). Propensity score matching was employed to match the controls with cases and compare mortality, length of stay and hepatic complications.ResultsAfter matching, there were 4609 females and 4609 males, as well as 3688 blacks and 3173 Hispanics with equal numbers of whites, respectively. In multivariate analysis, females were less likely to develop complications, with lower rates of cirrhosis, ascites, variceal bleeding, hepatorenal syndrome, encephalopathy and acute liver failure (ALF); they also exhibited lower length of stay (adjusted OR, aOR 0.96 95% CI 0.94 to 0.97). When comparing races, blacks (compared with whites) had higher rates of ALF and hepatorenal syndrome related to ALF, but had lower rates of cirrhosis-related encephalopathy; in multivariate analysis, blacks had longer length of stay (aOR 1.071, 95% CI 1.050 to 1.092). Hispanics also exhibited higher rates of hepatic complications, including ascites, varices, variceal bleeding, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and encephalopathy.ConclusionMales and minorities are at a greater risk of developing hepatic complications and having increased hospital costs when admitted with AIH.