bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current situation and influencing factors of disease uncertainty in parents of children with Sturge-Weber syndrome:a retrospective study
Authors: Du Na , Wu Yue , Xiong Shan-Shan , Ji Hong , Huang Lu-Lu , Guo Wen-Yi , Zeng Chang-Juan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of disease uncertainty in parents of children with Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS).
Methods
A total of 105 parents of children with SWS completed a self-designed general information questionnaire, generalized anxiety questionnaire (GAD-7), patient health questionnaire (PHQ-2), stress perception scale (PSS-4), simple coping scale (SCSQ) and disease uncertainty scale (PPUS).
Results
The total uncertainty score of parents of children with SWS was 79.07 ± 13.24, and the average item score was 2.82 ± 0.47. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that anxiety and simple coping were the main influencing factors of parents' disease uncertainty in children with SWS (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
The parents of children with SWS have a high level of disease uncertainty. Medical staff should pay attention to the source of parents' disease uncertainty and carry out targeted interventions, which are of great importance in reducing parents' disease uncertainty.
Investigating the relationship between birthweight and breast cancer from a non-linear and mediation perspective
Authors: Zhang Meng , Qiao Jiahao , Zeng Ping , Liu Zhuanzhuan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Epidemiological studies have shown a positive relationship between birthweight and breast cancer; however, inconsistent, sometimes even controversial, observations also emerged. We here attempted to re-explore the association between them in the UK Biobank cohort.Methods: Relying on large-scale data available from the UK Biobank cohort (5,760 cancer cases and 162,778 controls), we evaluated the causal linear mediation between birthweight and breast cancer, with age of menarche and age at menopause as two potential mediators under the traditional mediation analysis framework. The non-linear relationship between birthweight and breast cancer was also investigated by including the square of birthweight or discretized birthweight categories (<2.5, 2.5~4.0, or >4.0). Furthermore, we performed a stratification analysis in terms of the menopause status.Results: We revealed that birthweight can indirectly influence breast cancer risk in adulthood via the path of age of menarche or age at menopause, and found statistical evidence supporting the existence of suggestive non-linear association between birthweight and breast cancer (β=0.062 and P=0.004 for the square of birthweight) although failing to discover a linear relationship (P=0.230). We also demonstrated that such non-linear association seemed more pronounced and robust for premenopausal women compared to postmenopausal ones (27.5% vs. 19.5% increase in breast cancer risk).Conclusions: This study provides an in-depth insight into the observed relationship between birthweight and breast cancer and reveals that non-linear impact and causal mediation commonly drive the connection between the two traits.
Burkitt’s lymphoma: incidence among IICC-3 risk-assessed countries emphasizing the Middle East with new data from Iraqi Kurdistan
Authors: Muhealdeen Dana N , Shwan Alan , Yaqo Rafil T , Hassan Hemin A , Muhammed Bryar O , Ali Rawa M , Hughson Michael D 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) is rare, with variations in regional incidence related with the age of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. This study examined the age-specific incidence rate (ASIR) of BL and the age of community EBV infection in Northern Iraq and other countries tabulated in the WHO IICC-3.
Materials and Methods
The ASIR and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) of BL in Sulaimani Governorate were calculated for the years 2010—2020. Tumor EBV latency was determined by in situ hybridization for EBV-encoded mRNA (EBER). Specimens from 515 outpatients were tested for IgG antibodies to EBV viral capsid antigen (VCA).
Results
In the Middle East, BL is predominantly a pediatric tumor, with an ASIR in Sulaimani of 6.2 (4.7–7.7) per million children. This ASIR is not significantly different than that of Egypt, Morocco, Israel, Spain, and France. It is slightly higher than the ASIR of the United States, the United Kingdom, and Germany and markedly higher than for Asia and South Africa. In Africa and much of Asia, EBV is acquired in early childhood. In Sulaimani, EBV seropositivity develops in late childhood and early adolescence. In Europe and North America, seropositivity is acquired in adolescents and young adults (AYD). In countries with AYD infections, adult predominates over childhood BL.
Conclusions
Early childhood EBV infections associate with low rates of childhood BL and few adult BL. In the Middle East, childhood BL is relatively common while adult BL is rare. In our region, half of EBV infections is found in late childhood. This may reflect the Mid East more widely. The high childhood/low adult BL rates may be a regional influence of EBV exposure intermediate between early childhood and AYD infections.
The Supplement of Magnesium Element to Inhibit Colorectal Tumor Cells
Authors: Li Heng , Feng Xiaonan , Li Hai , Ma Shuo , Song Wei , Yang Bao , Jiang Tao , Yang Chun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Magnesium ions are essential elements to the human body, which need to intake about 350 mg per day for an adult. Recently, a meta-analysis reported that magnesium ions intake is related to a reduced risk of colorectal tumors. In addition, implantation of biodegradable magnesium pins after colorectal tumor resection has potential to inhibit the residual tumor cells. These impressive results implied that magnusium ions possess the posibility to against colorectal carcinoma. However, this hypothesis awaits confirmation by experimental results. In this work, we modulated different concentrations of magnesium ions and investigated the inhibitory effect on the cell viability through the cell cycle arresting, which subsequently induces apoptosis by activating the caspase-3 pathway. In animal experiments, the injection of magnesium restricted the size of tumor tissues for three weeks compared to the control group. The remarkable effect is attributed to the promoting apoptotic rate of tumor cells according to the results of immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy. The promising evidence provides feasibility for the clinical use of magnesium implants to prevent recurrence after colorectal tumor surgery. The promising evidence provides feasibility for the clinical use of magnesium ions supplement to prevent recurrence after colorectal tumor surgery.
Immediate postoperative fever in a patient with scoliosis: Case report and literature review
Authors: Cui Xiumei , Mo Guixi , Wei Jingsong , Mo Meizhen , Zhong Yiyue 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Fever is a common clinical symptom in patients with postoperative scoliosis. However, there are rare reports of fevers occurring immediately following operative procedures.Case presentation: A 15-year-old female with a 1-year history of scoliosis was admitted to the hospital after a health examination. The patient was diagnosed with idiopathic scoliosis and underwent a posterior idiopathic scoliosis procedure and correction for pedicle fixation. Clinical symptoms, including chills, fever, increased heart rate and increased blood pressure, were observed immediately following surgery during anesthesia recovery. However, this study did not monitor for temperature-change data over time during the whole intraoperative period. The patient was discharged 12 days after the operation, and no chills or fever (≥38°C) occurred during the 90-day follow-up, and no delayed infection during the over three years of follow-up. A systematic review of the literature on this subject was performed.Conclusions: Immediate postoperative fever may be a self-limiting or self-regulating process in patients with scoliosis. The treatment intervention should be circumspect when patients experience such symptoms without clinical evidence because they may not have serious outcomes. Our case provides insufficient clinical evidence to determine whether this condition is due to transfusion reaction, or anesthesia inhibition.
3D Printing and Processing of Miniaturized Transducers with Near-pristine Piezoelectric Ceramics for Localized Cavitation
Authors: Lu Haotian , Cui Huachen , Hensleigh Ryan , Jiang Laiming , Lu Gengxi , Wu Felix , Morales Jose , Putterman Seth , Zhou Qifa , Zheng Xiaoyu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The performance of ultrasonic transducers is largely determined by the piezoelectric properties and geometries of their active elements. Due to the brittleness of piezoceramics, existing processing tools for piezoelectric elements only achieve simple geometries, including flat disks, cylinders, cubes and rings. While advances in additive manufacturing give rise to free-form fabrication of piezoceramics, the resultant transducers suffer from high porosity, weak piezoelectric responses, and limited geometrical flexibility. We introduce optimized piezoceramic printing and processing strategies to produce highly responsive piezoelectric microtransducers that operate at ultrasonic frequencies. The 3D printed dense piezoelectric elements achieve high piezoelectric coefficients and complex architectures. The resulting piezoelectric charge constant, d33, and coupling factor, kt, of the 3D printed piezoceramic reach 583 pC/N and 0.65, approaching the properties of pristine ceramics. The integrated printing of transducer packaging materials enables miniaturized ultrasonic transducers capable of localized cavitation within millimeter-sized channels, paving the way for intravascular drug delivery.
Clinical Impact of IDH1 Mutations and MGMT Methylation in Adult Glioblastoma
Authors: Mahmoud Magda Sayed , Khalifa Mohamed K. , Nageeb Amira , El-Arab Lobna Ezz , El-Mahdy Manal , Ramadan Amal , Hashim Maha , Bakr Noha , Swellam Menha 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background. Genetic aberrations and epigenetic alterations have been reported in different types of cancer. Impact of Isocitrate dehydrogenase1 (IDH1) and O6-methylguanine-DNAmethyltransferase (MGMT) in glioblastoma (GB) have been of great interest due to their implications in prediction of prognosis of several types of cancer. It was aimed to investigate the clinical role of IDH1 mutation and MGMT methylation pattern among GB patients versus non-neurooncological diseases (NND) patients and their impact on survival criteria. Methods. Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) tissue sections of 58 GB and 20 non-onconeurological diseases patients were recruited and IDH1 mutation were detected using Cast-PCR technology and MGMT methylation was detected using Methyl II quantitative PCR approach. Their results were assessed with other clinicopathological criteria and correlated with survival patterns (progression free survival [PFS] and overall survival [OS]). Results. IDH1 mutation was detected among 15 GB cases (15/58) and it was not reported among NND (P=0.011). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were plotted to discriminate between MGMT methylation among studied groups. Patients with MGMT methylation ≥ 66% was reported as high methylation, which was recorded significantly in 51.7% and 100% of GB cases and NND, respectively. Both showed significant difference with performance status, while MGMT methylation was significantly related with tumor size and tumor location. IDH1 mutation and MGMT methylation reported significant increase with GB patients revealed complete response to treatment. Survival pattern was better for IDH1 mutation and MGMT high methylation as compared to IDH1 wild type or MGMT low-moderate methylation, respectively and favorable survival was detected when both were combined than using either of them alone. Conclusion. Detection of IDH1 mutation and MGMT methylation among GB patients could aid in prediction of their response to treatment and their survival patterns, and their combination is better than using any of them alone.
Expedited diagnosis of Pediatric Tuberculosis using Truenat MTB-Rif Dx and GeneXpert MTB/RIF
Authors: Singh Urvashi B. , Singh Manjula , Bala Kiran , Srivas Abhinav , Mahajan Neeraj , Sharma Sangeeta , Khangembam Jiten Singh , Rao M. V. V. , Lodha Rakesh , Kabra Sushil K 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Rapid, cost-effective, and sensitive diagnostic assays are essential for global tuberculosis (TB) control, especially in high TB burden, resource-limited settings. The current study was designed to evaluate diagnostic accuracy of Truenat MTB-Rif Dx (MolBio) in children less than 18 years of age, with symptoms suggestive of TB. Gastric Aspirate, Induced Sputum, and Broncho-alveolar Lavage samples were subjected simultaneously to AFB-smear, GeneXpert MTB/RIF (GX), liquid culture (MGIT-960) and Truenat MTB-Rif Dx (TN). The index-test results were evaluated against microbiological reference standards (MRS). TN had a sensitivity of 56.1%, specificity of 92.3% against MRS. Sensitivity and specificity of the two tests against liquid culture was 58.3% and 88.3% for TN and 53.6% and 91.9% for GX, respectively. Both GX and TN performed at par. Current study demonstrates that TN can aid early, efficient diagnosis of TB in children.
High expression of DNMT1 in breast invasive carcinoma associated with tumor immune microenvironment and poor prognosis
Authors: Chu Pei-Yi , Wu Hsing-Ju , Chen Po-Ming , Wang Shin-Mae , Lin Hung-Yu , Tang Feng-Yao , Chiang En-Pei Isabel 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
(1) Background: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine that was found to cause epigenetic changes by regulating DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1). IL-6 has al-so been found to promote tumor progression and chemoresistance in numerous types of cancers. However, it remains unknown how IL-6 and DNMT1 may impact prognosis in different breast cancer types. (2) Methods: Patient survival rate in breast cancer patients and DNMT1 expression pattern was examined in TCGA datasets. Protein expression pattern of IL-6 and DNMT1 were investigated in the tissue microarray in our cohort (n=285, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua) by immunohistochemistry (IHC). IL-6 and DNMT1 expressions were examined in breast cancer cell-lines. Cell invasion activity was compared between high and low IL-6/DNMT expressing breast cancer cell lines, and between cells treated with/without IL-6 antibody. (3) Results: DNMT1 mRNA level was significantly higher in the breast tumor tissues (p < 0.001). Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer patients with higher DNMT1 mRNA level showed a poorer overall survival compared to other breast cancer subtypes (P = 0.043). A positive correlation between IL-6 and DNMT1 protein expression levels was found in breast cancer tissue array. Concurrent overexpression of IL-6 and DNMT1 was associated with poor survival rate in our cohort examined by Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Cox regression further indicated that high expression of IL-6 and DNMT1 is an independent prognostic factor in HER2-positive patients. In addition, in breast cancer cell lines, HER2-positive MDA-MB-453 that had high IL-6 and DNMT1 expression exhibited higher invasiveness compared to that of the HER2-positive cell line SKBR3 with low IL-6 and DNMT1 expression. Finally, IL-6 recombinant protein (ng/ml) significantly promoted the invasion ability of low IL-6/low DNMT1 SKBR3 whereas IL-6 antibody (10 μg/ml) treatment significantly suppressed the invasion activity of high IL-6/high DNMT MDA-MB-453. Single cell sequencing data showed that DNMT1 was mainly expressed in malignant cells and innate and adaptive immune cells including monocytes, macrophages, fibroblasts, epithelial cells, CD4(+) T cells, and CD8(+) T cells. Besides, there existed a positive correlation between DNMT1 and the immune cells including CD8(+) T cells, CD4(+) T cells, and macrophages. (4) Conclusions: IL-6-DNMT1 axis could be responsible for HER2-positive breast cancer progression in tumor immune microenvironment. Our study suggests that IL-6 inhibition in combination with anti-HER2 therapy might be an effective approach in particular for HER2-positive patients with a potential to become a standard therapeutic strategy.
Analysis of the surgical strategy and postoperative clinical effect of thoracic ossification of ligament flavum with dural ossification
Authors: Liu Tao , Tian Shuo , Wang Zheng , Liu Zhen , Ding Wen-Yuan , Yang Da-Long 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
PURPOSE Our research was designed to analyse the postoperative clinical results of patients suffering from single-segment thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum (TOLF) combined with dural ossification (DO) who underwent posterior laminar decompression and internal fixation.METHODS This retrospective research included thirty-two patients who underwent surgery for ossifying the ligamentum flavum in the thoracic spine between January 2016 and January 2020. Patients were fallen into one group included patients with evidence of DO during surgery, and the other group included patients without evidence of DO. We assessed and compared general clinical characteristics and health-related outcomes before surgery and during follow-up.RESULTS The DO group had a longer operation duration, more blood loss, and longer hospital stay (operation time: 94.75±6.78 min vs. 80.00±10.13 min, p<0.001; blood loss: 331.67±50.06 ml vs. 253.00±48.24 ml, p<0.001; length of hospital stay: 13.83±2.76 days vs. 10.05±2.33 days, p<0.001). Complications: There were 12 cases of cerebrospinal fluid leakage and 1 case of superficial wound infection in the DO group. However, the neurological recovery and health-associated quality of life (HRQOL) scores showed no statistically significant changes between the DO and non-DO groups (p>0.05).CONCLUSIONS Thoracic myelopathy because of ossifying a single thoracic ligamentum flavum is uncommon. Posterior laminectomy and internal fixation combined with intraoperative resection of the ossified ligamentum flavum and dura is an efficient and relatively safe method for treating TOLF with DO, which can provide satisfactory results. Moreover, DO had no significant effect on postoperative neurological recovery and health-related quality of life scores.
Morphology of the normal right coronary artery in the heart of chinchilla (Chinchilla laniger Molina)
Authors: Kuchinka Jacek , Radzimirska Małgorzata , Banaś Dariusz , Nowak Elżbieta , Szczurkowski Aleksander 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Previously it has been reported that the right coronary artery is absent in the coronary vascularization of the heart in the chinchilla. Our research was carried out on thirty chinchillas (Chinchilla laniger Molina). The coronary vessels were filled with colored latex to render them visible. The examinations were supplemented additionally with the use of microcomputed tomography with arterial contrast. Our study demonstrates its undoubtedly presence of the right coronary artery. In all subjects the right coronary artery was present, as was the left coronary artery. Two types of right coronary artery were found. Our results indicate that the normal pattern of coronary vascularization of heart in chinchilla includes both the right and left coronary arteries.
Development of transfer device with customized sling lifts
Authors: Jeong SeYeon , Cho Ki-hun , Hong SoungKyun , Choi Wonjae , Lee Kwangkook , Lee GyuChang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Bedridden patients and disabled persons need help from a guardian or caregiver even in the activities of daily living. In particular, for transfer of them, the use of a transfer lift has been recommended. However, the existing devices have limitations in terms of support according to the individual’s characteristics. This study aimed to develop a transfer lift device utilizing the user’s body fitting sling equipped with an air tube inside the sling. Results: Customized sling lifts are generally floor-based lifts that consist of a sling that holds the user’s body and a lift that moves the sling to the desired position. One characteristic feature of the device is an air tube, which is used on the sling to allow the sling to be adjusted to the user’s body. Conclusion: The device will be useful in the advancement and commercialization of customized sling lifts, to ensure the safe and efficient transfer of persons with disabilities.
Brain Glutathione Increase and Seizure Burden Decrease in Patients with Intractable Epilepsy on Ketogenic Diet
Authors: Hazany Saman , DeClouette Brittany , Lowe Jessica , Kim Paul E , Bluml Stefan , Partikian Arthur 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background and Purpose: Ketogenic diet (KD) improves seizure control in patients with drug-resistant forms of epilepsy; however, the mechanism of action remains poorly understood. Increased mitochondrial levels of glutathione (GSH) might contribute to a change in seizure susceptibility suggestive of possible anticonvulsant role for GSH. Our goals were to quantify changes of absolute GSH levels in the brain by in vivo MR spectroscopy and correlate that with degree of seizure control in patients on KD. Methods: Five cognitively normal adult patients with drug-resistant epilepsy were initially included and 2 completed the study. Each patient was evaluated by a neurologist and registered dietitian at baseline, 1, 3, and 6 months for seizure status and diet adherence. Each patient received a baseline short TE single-voxel water-suppressed point-resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) 1 H MRS in parieto/occipital grey matter and parietal white matter on a 3 Tesla General Electric magnet prior to starting the ketogenic diet and a follow-up stury at 6 months. Multiple metabolites, including GSH, were quantified using LCModel.Results: After being on ketogenic diet for 6 months, both patients (42-years-old male and 35-years-old female) demonstrated marked increases in absolute GSH level in both gray matter (0.1 to 1.4 and 0.1 to 0.7 IU) and white matter (0.65 to 1.5 and 0.8 to 2 IU), as well as 50% improvements in seizure duration and frequency. Other metabolites including ketone bodies, Acetone (Acn), Beta hydroxybutyrate (βHB), and acetoacetate (AcAC), did not demonstrate consistent changes. Conclusion: Markedly increased levels of GSH (7-fold and 14-fold) were observed in longitudinal prospective study of two adult patients with intractable epilepsy with 50% seizure improvement after initiation of ketogenic diets. This pilot study supports the possible anticonvulsant role of GSH in the brain.