bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility and safety of secondary video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery for ipsilateral lung cancer after prior pulmonary resection
Authors: Chen Lei , Yang Zhenyu , Cui Ruichen , Liu Lunxu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundVideo‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) is the preferred treatment for resectable non‐small cell lung cancer. The increased survival of patients after a first operation has caused increases in the incidence of locoregional recurrence or second primary lung cancer and a concomitant increase in the number of patients who require secondary surgery. Ipsilateral secondary operation is also commonly practiced, albeit with enhanced difficulty. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the feasibility and safety of VATS for ipsilateral lung cancer after pulmonary resection.MethodsPatients who underwent ipsilateral secondary VATS in the West China Hospital, Sichuan University from 2012 to 2021 were assessed retrospectively. All included patients had a pulmonary resection. Clinical characteristics, perioperative outcomes, and survival data were collected, with an emphasis on conversion to thoracotomy, postoperative complications, 30‐day mortality, and survival. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of postoperative complications.ResultsSeventy patients were enrolled, of which 10 (14.3%) had converted thoracotomy, 17 (24.3%) had postoperative complications, and two (2.9%) had grade III complications. No patient died within 30 days after surgery. High Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) and severe pleural adhesion were independent predictors for complications. The median follow‐up was 50 months (range: 3–120), and the 5‐year overall survival was 78.2%.ConclusionSecondary VATS for ipsilateral lung cancer for patients who had pulmonary resection was feasible and safe. Strict preoperative evaluation and careful management of pleural adhesion are crucial for the success of the surgery.
Dissecting the epigenomic differences between smoking and nicotine dependence in a veteran cohort
Authors: Nagamatsu Sheila Tiemi , Pietrzak Robert H. , Xu Ke , Krystal John H. , Gelernter Joel , Montalvo‐Ortiz Janitza Liz 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSmoking is a serious public health issue linked to more than 8 million deaths per year worldwide and may lead to nicotine dependence (ND). Although the epigenomic literature on smoking is well established, studies evaluating the role of epigenetics in ND are limited. In this study, we examined the epigenomic signatures of ND and how these differ from smoking exposure to identify biomarkers specific to ND. We investigated the peripheral epigenetic profile of smoking status (SS) and ND in a US male veteran cohort. DNA from saliva was collected from 1135 European American (EA) male US military veterans. DNAm was assessed using the Illumina Infinium Human MethylationEPIC BeadChip array. SS was evaluated as current smokers (n = 137; 12.1%) and non‐current smokers (never and former; n = 998; 87.9%). NDFTND was assessed as a continuous variable using the Fagerström Test for ND (FTND; n = 1135; mean = 2.54 ± 2.29). Epigenome‐wide association studies (EWAS) and co‐methylation analyses were conducted for SS and NDFTND. A total of 450 and 22 genome‐wide significant differentially methylated sites (DMS) were associated with SS and NDFTND, respectively (15 overlapped DMS). We identified 97 DMS (43 genes) in SS‐EWAS previously reported in the literature, including AHRR and F2RL3 genes (p‐value: 1.95 × 10−83 to 4.55 × 10−33). NDFTND novel DMS mapped to NEUROG1, ANPEP, and SLC29A1. Co‐methylation analysis identified 386 modules (11 SS‐related and 19 NDFTND‐related). SS‐related modules showed enrichment for alcoholism, while NDFTND‐related modules were enriched for nicotine addiction. This study confirms previous findings associated with SS and identifies novel and—potentially specific—epigenetic biomarkers of ND that may inform prognosis and novel treatment strategies.
The overexpression of neurokinin B–neurokinin 3 receptor system exerts direct effects on the ovary under PCOS‐like conditions to interfere with mitochondrial function
Authors: Guo Fei , Fernando Taniya , Zhu Xiaoyong , Shi Yingli 
Published: December 2022

AbstractProblemThe increased hypothalamic neurokinin B (NKB) level may contribute to the hyperactive LH pulse secretion in Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, the expression and role of the neurokinin B‐neurokinin 3 receptor (NKB‐NK3R) system in the local ovarian tissue of PCOS have not been clarified. We constructed in vivo and in vitro models to elucidate the mechanism of the NKB‐NK3R pathway in reproductive endocrine disorders of PCOS.Method of studyThe granulosa cell line‐KGN cells were set in palmitic acid (PA) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) to simulate the PCOS‐like conditions. And we used the high‐fat/high‐glucose diet to build a PCOS‐like mice model and neurokinin 3 receptor antagonist (NK3Ra) was administered to half of the mice. The expression of the NKB‐NK3R system, mitochondrial functions, hormone levels, and inflammatory state was evaluated.ResultsThe PCOS‐like stimulations induced the NKB‐NK3R system and MAPK‐ERK pathway overexpression in KGN cells, in an approximate dose and time‐dependent manner. The NKB‐NK3R system overactivated the MAPK‐ERK pathway to increase NNT overexpression, disturb NADH/NADPH pools, aggravate the oxidation state, and decrease ATP production. With overexpression of the NKB‐NK3R system in the local ovarian tissue, ovulatory dysfunction, progesterone deficiency, and pro‐inflammatory states were apparent in PCOS‐like mice. Antagonizing the receptor, NK3R, reversed the adverse reproductive endocrine phenotypes via improving mitochondrial dysfunction.ConclusionsIn addition to the central regulation, local ovarian overexpression of the NKB‐NK3R system participated in the adverse reproductive endocrine phenotypes, supporting the therapeutic implications of NK3Ra for PCOS.
Reverse digital artery island flap with versus without sensory nerve coaptation for finger pulp reconstruction
Authors: Yuan Chaoqun , Wang Shuang , Wang Yang , Ding Wenqiang , Shen Haobo , Gu Jiaxiang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurposeWhether an innervated reverse digital artery island flap is superior to a non‐innervated reverse digital artery island flap still remains controversial. We aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of the two flaps in repairing finger pulp soft tissue defects.MethodsMedical records of patients who underwent finger pulp reconstruction between January 2007 and December 2017 were evaluated retrospectively. A total of 45 patients were included. Twenty underwent sensory nerve reconstruction with cutaneous branches of the proper digital nerve, and 25 underwent the surgery without sensory nerve reconstruction. Surgical results, complications and sensory function were collected for analysis. Sensory function was assessed by static two‐point discrimination and the modified sensory evaluation standard of British Medical Research Council.ResultsThe average operation time of innervated flaps was 23 min longer than non‐innervated flaps. All 45 flaps survived completely. There was no significant difference in complications between groups. The average follow‐up was 22 months. At the final follow‐up, five non‐innervated flaps had no recovery of static two‐point discrimination. The average static two‐point discrimination of the remaining 20 non‐innervated flaps was larger than that of innervated flaps. Innervated flaps consistently achieved higher sensory function grades according to the modified sensory evaluation standard of British Medical Research Council.ConclusionAn innervated reverse digital artery island flap can achieve better sensory function recovery in a shorter time. This procedure did not increase the incidence of complications, although it extended the operation time. It has proven to be a good technique for finger pulp reconstruction.
Combining computational and experimental evidence on the activity of antimalarial drugs on papain‐like protease of SARS‐CoV‐2: A repurposing study
Authors: Ribaudo Giovanni , Yun Xiaoyun , Ongaro Alberto , Oselladore Erika , Ng Jerome P. L. , Haynes Richard K. , Law Betty Yuen Kwan , Memo Maurizio , Wong Vincent Kam Wai , Coghi Paolo , Gianoncelli Alessandra 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe development of inhibitors that target the papain‐like protease (PLpro) has the potential to counteract the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), the agent causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Based on a consideration of its several downstream effects, interfering with PLpro would both revert immune suppression exerted by the virus and inhibit viral replication. By following a repurposing strategy, the current study evaluates the potential of antimalarial drugs as PLpro inhibitors, and thereby the possibility of their use for treatment of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Computational tools were employed for structural analysis, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations to screen antimalarial drugs against PLpro, and in silico data were validated by in vitro experiments. Virtual screening highlighted amodiaquine and methylene blue as the best candidates, and these findings were complemented by the in vitro results that indicated amodiaquine as a μM PLpro deubiquitinase inhibitor. The results of this study demonstrate that the computational workflow adopted here can correctly identify active compounds. Thus, the highlighted antimalarial drugs represent a starting point for the development of new PLpro inhibitors through structural optimization.
Expansion of the phenotypic and molecular spectrum of CWF19L1‐related disorder
Authors: Alvarez Carolina , Grimmel Mona , Ebrahimi‐Fakhari Darius , Paul Victoria G. , Deininger Natalie , Riess Angelika , Haack Tobias , Gardella Elena , Møller Rikke S. , Bayat Allan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPathogenic variants in CWF19L1 lead to a rare autosomal recessive form of hereditary ataxia with only seven cases reported to date. Here, we describe four additional unrelated patients with biallelic variants in CWF19L1 (age range: 6–22 years) and provide a comprehensive review of the literature. The clinical spectrum was broad, including mild to profound global developmental delay; global or motor regression in infancy or adolescence; childhood‐onset ataxia and cerebellar atrophy; and early‐onset epilepsy. Since only two previously reported patients were adults, our cohort expands our understanding of the evolution of symptoms from childhood into early adulthood. Taken together, we describe that CWF19L1‐related disorder presents with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy with treatment‐resistant seizures and intellectual disability in childhood followed by progressive ataxia and other extrapyramidal movement disorders in adolescence.
A path forward in the investigation of seabird strandings attributed to light attraction
Authors: Brown Taylor Marie , Wilhelm Sabina I. , Mastromonaco Gabriela F. , Burness Gary 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA variety of anthropogenic threats cause mortality and population declines of procellariiform seabirds. Globally, fledglings of many colonial procellariiforms become stranded in towns and cities during their first flights from the nest, which occur at night. Since the 1960s, when the phenomenon became widely known, these strandings have been largely attributed to attraction toward artificial lights at night (ALAN). Artificial light attraction has been blamed due to the predictable, annual nature of strandings; the large numbers of birds found in lighted areas during stranding events; and the inexperience of fledglings in interpreting sensory stimuli. However, up‐to‐date, few alternative hypotheses to that of light attraction have been suggested, and few if any have been explored experimentally. In this paper, we do not seek to refute the light attraction hypothesis. Instead, our objectives are threefold. We wish to (1) highlight the current evidence for light attraction in procellariiforms; (2) identify where evidence may be lacking or subject to confirmation bias; and (3) suggest alternative hypotheses and possible experimental approaches to study them. Given the imperiled nature of many of the affected species and the need to explore and address this source of mortality, our goal in this review is to accelerate and diversify research efforts on this topic.
FLI‐1/Melan‐A dual stain is an alternative to PRAME in differentiating metastatic melanoma from nodal nevus: A monocentric retrospective study
Authors: Zengin Hatice B. , Yildiz Bahadir , Pukhalskaya Tatsiana , Smoller Bruce R. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMelanocytic nevi existing in lymph nodes create a diagnostic challenge by mimicking metastases. PReferentially expressed Antigen in MElanoma (PRAME) immunohistochemical (IHC) stain can differentiate one from another. FLI‐1 IHC expression has been shown in malignant melanoma with variable sensitivity while melanocytic nevi were reported to be negative. We hypothesized that FLI‐1/Melan‐A dual IHC staining may be used in the distinction of metastatic melanoma from nodal nevi and can be an alternative and/or complementary to PRAME. In this study, we examined 13 lymph nodes with metastatic melanoma and 13 lymph nodes with benign deposits. We stained all of the lymph nodes with FLI‐1, FLI‐1/Melan‐A dual, and PRAME IHC stains. In addition, we stained paired skin samples of the metastatic lymph nodes with FLI‐1 and PRAME. In primary cutaneous melanomas, 11 of 13 were positive for FLI‐1 and PRAME expression (85%). Malignant cells in 12 and 13 lymph nodes showed positive expression of PRAME and FLI‐1, respectively. Only one case with a nevic cell deposit was weakly positive for FLI‐1 and the remaining benign cases were negative for both FLI‐1 and PRAME. Our results show that FLI‐1/Melan‐A dual stain is as sensitive and specific as PRAME in distinguishing lymph nodes with metastatic melanoma from nodal nevi. Further studies with larger case numbers are needed to support our significant results.
Saturation of visual responses explains size tuning in rat collicular neurons
Authors: Baranauskas Gytis , Rysevaite‐Kyguoliene Kristina , Sabeckis Ignas , Pauza Dainius H. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe receptive field of many visual neurons is composed of a central responsive area, the classical receptive field, and a non‐classical receptive field, also called the “suppressive surround.” A visual stimulus placed in the suppressive surround does not induce any response but modulates visual responses to stimuli within the classical receptive field, usually by suppressing them. Therefore, visual responses become smaller when stimuli exceed the classical receptive field size. The stimulus size inducing the maximal response is called the preferred stimulus size. In cortex, there is good correspondence between the sizes of the classical receptive field and the preferred stimulus. In contrast, in the rodent superior colliculus, the preferred size is often several fold smaller than the classical receptive field size. Here, we show that in the rat superior colliculus, the preferred stimulus size changes as a square root of the contrast inverse and the classical receptive field size is independent of contrast. In addition, responses to annulus were largely independent of the inner hole size. To explain these data, three models were tested: the divisive modulation of the gain by the suppressive surround (the “normalization” model), the difference of the Gaussians, and a divisive model that incorporates saturation to light flux. Despite the same number of free parameters, the model incorporating saturation to light performed the best. Thus, our data indicate that in rats, the saturation to light can be a dominant phenomenon even at relatively low illumination levels defining visual responses in the collicular neurons.
The unforeseen future: Impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic on home video‐EEG telemetry
Authors: Brunnhuber Franz , Slater Jeremy D. , Goyal Sushma , Amin Devyani , Winston Joel S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic had widespread impact on health care systems globally—particularly services arranged around elective admission and attendance such as epilepsy monitoring units and home video‐EEG telemetry (HVET). Here, we review the ongoing impacts of the pandemic on HVET services among several different providers who used different initial models of HVET. We discuss the features of HVET that led to success in providing continued diagnostic services to patients with epilepsy and related disorders and through retrospective audit of our services demonstrate the high diagnostic yield of HVET. We reflect on this unforeseen future and its implications for other diagnostic techniques and approaches.
Calibration and frequency estimation in sensors for electrical parameter measurement using regression and metaheuristic based models
Authors: Ranasingh Soumyaranjan , Pradhan Tapan , Dhenuvakonda Koteswara Raju 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCalibration is the backbone of any sensor and measurement philosophy. The conventional calibration techniques for electrical parameter measurement using nonlinear sensors are affected by the repeating analogue signals and lead to errors in measurement. This research paper investigates different regression‐based mathematical models to calibrate the Hall sensor for measuring RMS and the fundamental frequency. The novelty of this research work lies in the feature‐based input modelling to measure RMS current and frequency with an error of 3.37e‐12% and 7.61e‐9%, respectively. The conventional Fourier transform method is compared with six different bio‐inspired metaheuristic algorithms to estimate the frequency components of the analogue signal received from the measurement setup. Apart from the conventional sine waveforms, this paper investigates sawtooth and square waveforms as the periodic signals for determining the frequency components. The results from the comparison study show that the Whale Optimization Algorithm exhibits 1.25% lesser error whilst predicting the features in measured frequency components. Apart from this, the paper identifies a unique combination of features that effectively measures the instantaneous electrical parameter with RMSE, NRMSE, and value of 158.8, 0.51, and 0.44, respectively. Experimentally it is found that the decision tree and random forest regression models calibrate the Hall sensor with 93% less error than their linear and polynomial counterparts.
Evaluating the importance of accurate sex ratios on egg deposition targets and conservation limit compliance for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salarL.) in the River Tamar, south‐west England
Authors: King R. Andrew , Toms Simon , Stevens Jamie R. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEffective management of Atlantic salmon requires a suite of metrics that are fed into stock assessment models to assess stock compliance within individual rivers in relation to estimated conservation limits. Key among metrics required to assess compliance are the number of adult female spawners within each adult sea age class and their corresponding egg deposition rates. Owing to the current need to conserve salmon stocks, adult sex ratios used to calculate egg deposition estimates often depend on data derived from historic lethal sampling. Using non‐invasive sampling and an accurate genetic sex test, we determined the proportion of female fish in two adult life history stages (one sea winter and two sea winter) of Atlantic salmon from the River Tamar, an Environment Agency (England) Monitored River. Our results suggested that phenotypic‐based sexing of Tamar salmon was unreliable, especially for early run fish and that the proportion of female salmon has been under‐estimated, thereby leading to consistent under‐estimation of egg deposition rates.
Active and dormant microorganisms on glacier surfaces
Authors: Bradley James A. , Trivedi Christopher B. , Winkel Matthias , Mourot Rey , Lutz Stefanie , Larose Catherine , Keuschnig Christoph , Doting Eva , Halbach Laura , Zervas Athanasios , Anesio Alexandre M. , Benning Liane G. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGlacier and ice sheet surfaces host diverse communities of microorganisms whose activity (or inactivity) influences biogeochemical cycles and ice melting. Supraglacial microbes endure various environmental extremes including resource scarcity, frequent temperature fluctuations above and below the freezing point of water, and high UV irradiance during summer followed by months of total darkness during winter. One strategy that enables microbial life to persist through environmental extremes is dormancy, which despite being prevalent among microbial communities in natural settings, has not been directly measured and quantified in glacier surface ecosystems. Here, we use a combination of metabarcoding and metatranscriptomic analyses, as well as cell‐specific activity (BONCAT) incubations to assess the diversity and activity of microbial communities from glacial surfaces in Iceland and Greenland. We also present a new ecological model for glacier microorganisms and simulate physiological state‐changes in the glacial microbial community under idealized (i) freezing, (ii) thawing, and (iii) freeze–thaw conditions. We show that a high proportion (>50%) of bacterial cells are translationally active in‐situ on snow and ice surfaces, with Actinomycetota, Pseudomonadota, and Planctomycetota dominating the total and active community compositions, and that glacier microorganisms, even when frozen, could resume translational activity within 24 h after thawing. Our data suggest that glacial microorganisms respond rapidly to dynamic and changing conditions typical of their natural environment. We deduce that the biology and biogeochemistry of glacier surfaces are shaped by processes occurring over short (i.e., daily) timescales, and thus are susceptible to change following the expected alterations to the melt‐regime of glaciers driven by climate change. A better understanding of the activity of microorganisms on glacier surfaces is critical in addressing the growing concern of climate change in Polar regions, as well as for their use as analogues to life in potentially habitable icy worlds.
Infant motor development predicts the dynamics of movement during sleep
Authors: DeMasi Aaron , Horger Melissa N. , Scher Anat , Berger Sarah E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe characteristics of infant sleep change over the first year. Generally, infants wake and move less at night as they grow older. However, acquisition of new motor skills leads to temporary increases in night waking and movement at night. Indeed, sleep‐dependent movement at night is important for sensorimotor development. Nevertheless, little is known about how movement during sleep changes as infants accrue locomotor experience. The current study investigated whether infant sleep and movement during sleep were predicted by infants' walking experience. Seventy‐eight infants wore an actigraph to measure physical activity during sleep. Parents reported when their infants first walked across a room >10 feet without stopping or falling. Infants in the midst of walking skill acquisition had worse sleep than an age‐group estimate. Infants with more walk experience had more temporally sporadic movement during sleep and a steeper hourly increase in physical activity over the course of the night. Ongoing motor skill consolidation changes the characteristics of movement during sleep and may alter sleep state‐dependent memory consolidation. We propose a model whereby changes in gross motor activity during night sleep reflect movement‐dependent consolidation.