bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of HIF-1α-AQP4 axis ameliorates brain edema and neurological functional deficits in a rat controlled cortical injury (CCI) model
Authors: Xiong Ao , Li Junxia , Xiong Renping , Xia Yiming , Jiang Xu , Cao Fuyang , Lu Hong , Xu Jianzhong , Shan Fabo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is an important cause of death in young adults and children. Till now, the treatment of TBI in the short- and long-term complications is still a challenge. Our previous evidence implied aquaporin 4 (AQP4) and hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) might be potential targets for TBI. In this study, we explored the roles of AQP4 and HIF-1α on brain edema formation, neuronal damage and neurological functional deficits after TBI using the controlled cortical injury (CCI) model. The adult male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham and TBI group, the latter group was further divided into neutralized-AQP4 antibody group, 2-methoxyestradiol (2-ME2) group, and their corresponding control, IgG and isotonic saline groups, respectively. Brain edema was examined by water content. Hippocampal neuronal injury was assessed by neuron loss and neuronal skeleton related protein expressions. Spatial learning and memory deficits were evaluated by Morris water maze test and memory-related proteins were detected by western blot. Our data showed that increased AQP4 protein level was closely correlated with severity of brain edema after TBI. Compared with that in the control group, both blockage of AQP4 with neutralized-AQP4 antibody and inhibition of HIF-1α with 2-ME2 for one-time treatment within 30–60 min post TBI significantly ameliorated brain edema on the 1st day post-TBI, and markedly alleviated hippocampal neuron loss and spatial learning and memory deficits on the 21st day post-TBI. In summary, our preliminary study revealed the short-term and long-term benefits of targeting HIF-1α-AQP4 axis after TBI, which may provide new clues for the selection of potential therapeutic targets for TBI in clinical practice.
Human adipose mesenchymal stem cells modulate inflammation and angiogenesis through exosomes
Authors: Heo June Seok , Kim Sinyoung 
Published: February 2022

AbstractStem cell-derived exosomes are efficient and safe therapeutic tools for transferring endogenous biological cargo or functional biomolecules for regenerative medicine. The regulation of inflammation and angiogenesis plays a pivotal role in wound healing and tissue regeneration. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic roles of human adipose mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes, focusing on the underlying mechanisms. Exosomes inhibited LPS-induced inflammation by activating ROCK1 and PTEN expression. Moreover, microRNAs (miR-132 and miR-146a) released from exosomes upregulated the expression of pro-angiogenic genes and promoted proliferation activity and tube formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Exosomal effects were verified using ROCK1/PTEN inhibitors for anti-inflammation and miR-132/miR-146a inhibitors for pro-angiogenesis. Our findings suggest that exosomes exert anti-inflammatory effects by targeting the ROCK1/PTEN pathway and exhibit pro-angiogenic effects via delivery of miR-132 and miR-146a. Taken together, these results suggest that exosomes may be promising therapeutic candidates for curing diseases involved in inflammation and angiogenesis.
In situ SERS monitoring of intracellular H2O2 in single living cells based on label-free bifunctional Fe3O4@Ag nanoparticles
Authors: Wang Yue , Cheng Cheng , Ma Ruofei , Xu Zhangrun , Ozaki Yukihiro 
Published: February 2022

Intracellular H2O2 in single living cells was visualized by SERS technology using label-free bifunctional Fe3O4@Ag nanoparticles with ultra-sensitivity.
Salt and pepper noise removal method based on stationary Framelet transform with non‐convex sparsity regularization
Authors: Chen Yingpin , Huang Yuming , Wang Lingzhi , Huang Huiying , Song Jianhua , Yu Chaoqun , Xu Yanping 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSalt and pepper noise occurs randomly and causes image degradation. Numerous denoising methods have been proposed to suppress this noise. However, existing methods have two main limitations. First, noise characteristics, such as noise location information and sparsity, are often described inaccurately or even ignored. Second, many existing methods separate the contaminated image into a recovered image and a noise part, leading to the recovery of an image with unsatisfactory smooth and detailed parts. In this study, the authors introduce a noise detection strategy to determine the position of the noise and employ a non‐convex sparsity regularization depicted by quasi‐norm to describe the sparsity of the noise, thereby addressing the first limitation. We adopt the morphological component analysis framework with stationary Framelet transform to decompose the processed image into the cartoon, texture, and noise parts to resolve the second limitation. Then, the proposed model is applied by using the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM). Finally, experiments are conducted to verify the proposed method and compare it with some current state‐of‐the‐art denoising methods. The experimental results show that the proposed method can remove salt and pepper noise while preserving the details of the processed image and outperforming some state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Development of a cometosheath at comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
Authors: Williamson H. N. , Nilsson H. , Stenberg Wieser G. , Moeslinger A. , Goetz C. 
Published: February 2022

Context. The ionosphere of a comet is known to deflect the solar wind through mass loading, but the interaction is dependent on cometary activity. We investigate the details of this process at comet 67P using the Rosetta Ion Composition Analyzer.
Aims. This study aims to compare the interaction of the solar wind and cometary ions during two different time periods in the Rosetta mission.
Methods. We compared both the integrated ion moments (density, velocity, and momentum flux) and the velocity distribution functions for two days, four months apart. The velocity distribution functions were projected into a coordinate system dependent on the magnetic field direction and averaged over three hours.
Results. The first case shows highly scattered H+ in both ion moments and velocity distribution function. The He2+ ions are somewhat scattered, but less so, and appear more like those of H2O+ pickup ions. The second case shows characteristic evidence of mass-loading, where the solar wind species are deflected, but the velocity distribution function is not significantly changed.
Conclusions. The distributions of H+ in the first case, when compared to He2+ and H2O+ pickup ions, are indicative of a narrow cometosheath on the scale of the H+ gyroradius. Thus, He2+ and H2O+, with larger gyroradii, are largely able to pass through this cometosheath. An examination of the momentum flux tensor suggests that all species in the first case have a significant non-gyrotropic momentum flux component that is higher than that of the second mass-loaded case. Mass loading is not a sufficient explanation for the distribution functions and momentum flux tensor in the first case, and so we assume this is evidence of bow shock formation.
Characteristics of differential lunar laser ranging
Authors: Zhang Mingyue , Müller Jürgen , Biskupek Liliane , Singh Vishwa Vijay 
Published: February 2022

Context. To obtain more details about the lunar interior, a station at Table Mountain Observatory of JPL will enable a new measurement of lunar laser ranging (LLR), known as differential lunar laser ranging (DLLR). It will provide a novel type of observable, namely, the lunar range difference, which is the difference of two consecutive ranges obtained via a single station swiftly switching between two or more lunar reflectors. This previously unavailable observation will have a very high level of accuracy (about 30 μm), mainly resulting from a reduction in the Earth’s atmospheric error. In addition to the intended improvements for the lunar part, it is expected to contribute to improved relativity tests, for instance, the equivalence principle (EP).
Aims. This paper focuses on the simulation and investigation of the characteristics of DLLR.
Methods. Using simulated DLLR data, we analyzed and compared the parameter sensitivity, correlation, and accuracy obtained by DLLR with those attained by LLR.
Results. The DLLR measurement maintains almost the same sensitivity to certain parameters (called group A) as that of LLR, such as the lunar orientation parameters. For other parameters (called group B), such as station coordinates, it is shown to be less sensitive. However, owing to its extraordinary measurement accuracy, it not only retains nearly the same level of accuracy of group B as LLR, but it also improves the estimation of group A significantly (with the exception of reflector coordinates, due to the DLLR measuring mode). Also, DLLR increases the correlations among the reflectors and between stations and reflectors caused by its constellation. Additionally, we compared different switching intervals with respect to sensitivity and correlation. Large switching intervals are more beneficial for group B and the decorrelation of stations and reflectors. Furthermore, DLLR enhances the accuracy of EP tests.
Die Wirbelsäule – „hands on“-Anatomie der spinalen Übergänge beim Kleintier
Authors: Röhrmann Nicole , Wagner Franziska Carolin 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungDieses Review fokussiert die Anatomie der spinalen Übergänge und bringt sie in Zusammenhang mit ihrer manualtherapeutischen Bedeutung. Eingehende anatomische Kenntnisse dieser stärker
beweglichen Wirbelsäulenbereiche sind grundlegend für eine korrekte Diagnostik und Therapie. Gerade durch biomechanische Veränderungen der Wirbelsäulenabschnitte zeigen sich an diesen
Übergängen oft pathologische Veränderungen, aber auch Möglichkeiten, angegliederte oder weiter entfernte Bereiche und/oder Organe manualtherapeutisch zu behandeln. Die Zusammenhänge sollen
hier zusammengefasst dargestellt werden.
Erkrankungen der Wirbelsäule des Hundes
Authors: Rosin Peter 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Vielfalt der Erkrankungsmöglichkeiten der Wirbelsäule fordert die zeitgemäße veterinärmedizinische Diagnostik in all ihren Facetten heraus. Ganzheitliche, klinische Diagnostik mit orthopädischem sowie neurologischem Hintergrund muss fallbedingt um sinnvolle bildgebende Diagnostik ergänzt werden.Überkommenen Lehrmeinungen entgegen, sind alle hier genannten Erkrankungen auch Schmerzerkrankungen und nicht nur etwa ein Phänomen oder ein Nebenbefund.Sie müssen als solche verstanden und in ein adäquates Therapiekonzept eingebunden werden, unabhängig davon, ob sie einzeln oder mit weiteren Schmerzerkrankungen gemeinsam festgestellt werden.Ein gutes Verständnis zu der jeweils vorliegenden Erkrankung schafft die Erkenntnis, ein geeignetes, nicht selten multimodales Therapieprogramm zu erarbeiten.
Ergebnisse der motorisierten Spiralenteroskopie des Dünndarms an 83 konsekutiven Patienten
Authors: Buchholz Hendrik , Mende Matthias , Hornoff Steffen , Faiss Siegbert 
Published: February 2022

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Zu der motorisierten Spiralenteroskopie des Dünndarms gibt es bislang nur wenige Daten. Wir berichten über unsere frühen Erfahrungen mit dieser Methode basierend auf einer retrospektiven Fallserie. Die vorliegende Fallserie an 83 konsekutiven Patienten ist die weltweit vierte Fallserie, die über die Ergebnisse bei 68 Dünndarm-Enteroskopien und bei 15 Enteroskopien/ERCPs bei Patienten mit voroperiertem Situs berichtet.
Patienten und Methoden Die retrospektive Single-center-Studie wurde von 01/2020 bis 09/2021 an 83 konsekutiven Patienten durchgeführt. Indikationen waren entweder bekannte oder vermutete Erkrankungen des Dünndarms oder Erkrankungen der Gallenwege bzw. des Pankreasganges bei mit Roux-Y-Anastomosen voroperierten Patienten.
Ergebnisse Bei 68 Patienten mit der Indikation zur Dünndarmenteroskopie (38 m; 30 w; mittleres Alter 66,4 J) ergab sich eine diagnostische Genauigkeit von 86,8% bei einem therapeutischen Erfolg von 41,2%. Die mittlere Eindringtiefe in den Dünndarm lag bei 279 cm bei einer mittleren Untersuchungszeit von 64,3 min. Bei 13 Patienten (19,7%) konnte eine Panenteroskopie durchgeführt werden. Bei nicht abdominell voroperierten Patienten lag die Rate intendierter kompletter Enteroskopien bei 46,2%.Bei 15 Patienten (9 m; 6 w; mittleres Alter 61,8 J) mit postoperativ veränderter Anatomie und Anlage einer Roux-Y-Anastomose lag die Rate der Erreichbarkeit der Papille bzw. einer biliodigestiven Anastomose bei 60%.Im gesamten Kollektiv betrug die Komplikationsrate 15,7%. Major-Komplikationen wie z.B. Perforationen oder interventionspflichtige Blutungen traten nicht auf.
Diskussion Unsere Fallserie zeigt, dass mit der motorisierten Spiralenteroskopie eine hohe Panenteroskopierate des Dünndarms erreicht werden kann. Zudem sind die hierfür benötigten Untersuchungszeiten relativ kurz. Größere und vor allem vergleichende Studien müssen hier wie bei den ebenfalls gezeigten ermutigenden Daten zu ERCPs bei mit einer Roux-Y-Anastomose voroperierten Patienten abgewartet werden.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Postpartum Readmission Rates at a Single Tertiary Care Center in New York City
Authors: DeBolt Chelsea A. , Roig Jacqueline , Spiera Emily , Goldberger Cody , Kaplowitz Elianna , Toner Lorraine , Stone Joanne , Bianco Angela 
Published: February 2022

Objective The aim of this study was to mitigate transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and decrease exposure to the hospital setting, Mount Sinai Hospital implemented new protocols, including early postpartum discharge. Early discharge would allow for more single-bedded rooms, limiting exposure to other patients and their support persons. During the pandemic, patients were discharged to home on postpartum day 1 or 2 after vaginal or cesarean delivery, respectively, instead of day 2 or 3, unless longer hospitalization was needed for medical indications. We aim to determine if the readmission rate was increased in the setting of earlier discharge during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
Study Design Historical cohort study comparing the readmission rate in SARS-CoV-2 negative women who presented to Mount Sinai Hospital for delivery admission from March to May 2019 versus March to May 2020. The primary outcome was readmission rate within 6 weeks of discharge day. Maternal and neonatal characteristics and outcomes were compared between groups using t-tests or Wilcoxon's rank-sum test for continuous measures and chi-squared or Fisher's exact tests for categorical measures, as appropriate. Primary and secondary outcomes were assessed using linear and logistic univariable and multivariable regression.
Results Patients in the 2020 cohort (n = 1,078) were significantly less likely to have public/state insurance (p = 0.02), more likely to have pregestational diabetes (p = 0.02), gestational diabetes (p = 0.04), gestational hypertension (p < 0.01), and an operative vaginal or cesarean delivery (vs. spontaneous vaginal delivery, p = 0.01) compared with 2019 cohort patients (n = 1,910). Patients in the 2020 cohort were significantly more likely to have an earlier postpartum day of discharge and a shorter median length of stay compared with 2019 cohort patients (both p < 0.01). Despite differences in length of stay, the rate of readmission was similar between the two groups (p = 0.45).
Conclusion During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was no difference in readmission rate despite shorter hospital stays.
Key Points
Ceric Ammonium Nitrate Promoted Oxidative Coupling of Terminal Alkynes and 1,3-Keto Esters: A Synthesis of Unsymmetrical 1,1,2-Triacylalkenes
Authors: Thongsornkleeb Charnsak , Ruengsangtongkul Sureeporn , Kuribara Takahito , Chaisan Nattawadee , Tummatorn Jumreang , Ruchirawat Somsak 
Published: February 2022

AbstractUnsymmetrical 1,1,2-triacylalkenes were conveniently prepared by the oxidative coupling of 1,3-keto esters with terminal alkynes by employing 4.0 equivalents of inexpensive ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) as the oxidant in acetonitrile as the solvent at 0 °C. The method is milder than previously reported methods and can be conducted under air, thereby demonstrating its practicality and versatility for preparing these useful building blocks. The reaction is believed to occur by a single-electron-transfer process of the 1,3-keto ester substrate initiated by CAN to generate an α-radical species that quickly adds to the terminal alkyne partner in the reaction. Subsequent oxidation of the resulting vinyl radical by air and CAN then leads to the formation of the triacylalkene product as a mixture of E- and Z-isomers. The reaction was shown to be general, with 27 illustrative examples of the formation of the desired products in up to quantitative yield and with moderate to excellent alkene geometrical selectivities.
A Sydnone-Based Route to Indazolo[2,3-a]quinoxaline Derivatives
Authors: Louis Manon , Talbot Alex , Taran Frédéric , Lamaa Diana , Sallustrau Antoine , Audisio Davide 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA new synthetic route to indazolo[2,3-a]quinoxaline derivatives is described. The strategy is based on the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of arynes to quinoxaline–sydnone derivatives as a key step. The polyaromatic sydnones were prepared through a copper-promoted intramolecular cyclization of the C-4 position of sydnones on imines.
Selenium Radical-Triggered Spiro-Tricyclization of N-Aryl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)propiolamides
Authors: Pan Feng , Xie Huilin , Xie Wenlin , Liu Jin-Biao , Qiu Guanyinsheng , Wang Yu-Chao 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA blue LED-promoted dearomative oxo-spirocyclization of N-aryl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)propiolamides is developed. The reaction works well to provide a series of selenium-containing benzo[b]pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]oxazine-3,9-diones with high efficiency and good tolerance for functional groups. Besides, diselenium-containing benzo[b]pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]oxazine-3,9-diones can also be efficiently synthesized in the presence of Oxone. In this process, it is believed that a selenium radical-triggered ipso-cyclization and oxo-Michael addition are involved. Further applications using the prepared products in bioactivity assay is currently underway.
Adequacy of Antenatal Care during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Observational Study with Postpartum Women
Authors: Martin Margot Marie , Knobel Roxana , Nandi Vitor , Pereira Jessica Goedert , Trapani Junior Alberto , Andreucci Carla Betina 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective The present study aimed to evaluate the antenatal care adequacy for women who gave birth at the University Hospital of Santa Catarina in Florianopolis (Brazil) during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to evaluate the association of adequacy with sociodemographic, clinical, and access characteristics.
Methods Data were collected between October and December 2020, including 254 patients who delivered in the University Hospital from Federal University of Santa Catarina and answered our questionnaires. Additional data were obtained from patients' antenatal booklets. Antenatal care was classified as adequate, intermediate, or inadequate according to the number of appointments, gestational age at the beginning of follow-up, and tests results. We carried out a descriptive statistical analysis and a bivariate/with odds ratio analysis on maternal sociodemographic, clinical and health access variables that were compared with antenatal adequacy.
Results Antenatal care was considered adequate in 35.8% of cases, intermediate in 46.8%, and inadequate in 17.4%. The following maternal variables were associated with inadequate prenatal care (intermediate or inadequate prenatal care): having black or brown skin colour, having two or more children, being of foreign nationality, not being fluent in Portuguese, and using illicit drugs during pregnancy; the clinical variables were more than 6 weeks between appointments, and not attending high-risk antenatal care; as for access, the variables were difficulties in attending or scheduling appointments, and attending virtual appointments only.
Conclusion In a sample of pregnant women from a teaching hospital in Florianópolis during the COVID-19 pandemic, antenatal care was considered adequate in 35.8%, intermediate in 46.8%, and inadequate in 17.4% of cases.
Obesity and Asthma
Authors: Dixon Anne E. , Que Loretta G. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObesity is a major risk factor for the development of asthma, and the prevalence of obesity is higher in people with asthma than in the general population. Obese people often have severe asthma—recent studies in the United States suggest that 60% of adults with severe asthma are obese. Multiple mechanisms link obesity and asthma, which are discussed in this article, and these pathways contribute to different phenotypes of asthma among people with obesity. From a practical aspect, changes in physiology and immune markers affect diagnosis and monitoring of disease activity in people with asthma and obesity. Obesity also affects response to asthma medications and is associated with an increased risk of co-morbidities such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, depression, and obstructive sleep apnea, all of which may affect asthma control. Obese people may be at elevated risk of exacerbations related to increased risk of severe disease in response to viral infections. Interventions that target improved dietary quality, exercise, and weight loss are likely to be particularly helpful for this patient population.
Quality of Life of Pregnant Women with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Rodrigues Larissa , Costa Maria Laura , Specian Francisco Carlos , Sim-Sim Maria Margarida Fialho , Surita Fernanda Garanhani 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective To assess the quality of life (QoL) of pregnant women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) treated at a high-risk prenatal outpatient clinic during the third trimester of gestation.
Methods An observational descriptive study was performed in a high-risk prenatal outpatient clinic. Women in the third trimester of pregnancy and undergoing antenatal care between July 2017 and July 2019 answered the abbreviated World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire, consisting of 26 questions divided into 4 domains (physical, psychological, social and environmental).
Results We interviewed 50 pregnant women with a mean gestational age of 30 weeks (standard deviation [SD]: 10 weeks) who were diagnosed with SLE. The average age of the participants was 30 years (SD: 14.85), and the average time since the diagnosis of SLE was of 9.06 years (SD: 6.8 years). Most participants had a partner, did not plan their pregnancy (76%), and did not use contraception prior to pregnancy (80%). The score of each domain ranges from 0 (the worst score) to 100 (the best score). The means ±  SDs of the scores of the participants on each domain were: physical – 52.21 ±  18.44); psychological – 64.17 ±  18.56); social – 66.33 ±  27.09); and environmental – 64.56 (18.53). The means ±  SDs of the general QoL, and health-related QoL items were of 70.50 ±  24.06 and 70.00 ±  30.72 respectively.
Conclusion The physical domain presented the lowest scores compared with the other three domains. Pregnant women with SLE had high overall QoL scores, and their health-related QoL scores were also relatively high.