bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of different ablation settings on lesion dimensions in an ex vivo swine heart model: Baseline impedance, irrigant, and electrode configuration
Authors: Jiang Xi , Li Sijie , Xiong Qingsong , Zhang Changzhi , Peng Lijuan , Chen Weijie , Cai Yangwei , Yin Yuehui , Chen Shaojie , Ling Zhiyu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionIntramural or epicardial locations of the arrhythmogenic substrate are regarded as one of the main reasons for radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation failure. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of various factors including baseline impedance, irrigant and electrode configuration at similar ablation index (AI) value.MethodsIn 12 ex vivo swine hearts, RF ablation was performed at a target AI value of 500 and a multistep impedance load (100–180 Ω) in 4 settings: (1) conventional unipolar configuration with an irrigant of normal saline (NS); (2) conventional unipolar configuration with an irrigant of half normal saline (HNS); (3) bipolar configuration with an irrigant of NS; (4) sequential unipolar configuration with an irrigant of NS. The relationships between lesion dimensions and above factors were examined.ResultsBaseline impedance had a strong negative linear correlation with lesion dimensions at a certain AI. The correlation coefficient between baseline impedance and depth, width, and volume were R = −0.890, R = −0.755 and R = −0.813, respectively (p < .01). There were 10 (total: 10/100, 10%; bipolar: 10/25, 40%) transmural lesions during the whole procedure. Bipolar ablation resulted in significantly deeper lesion than other electrode configurations. Other comparisons in our experiment did not achieve statistical significance.ConclusionThere is a strong negative linear correlation between baseline impedance and lesion dimensions at a certain AI value. Baseline impedance has an influence on the overall lesion dimensions among irrigated fluid and ablation configurations. Over a threshold impedance of 150 Ω, the predictive accuracy of AI can be compromised.
WD repeat domain 48 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by stabilizing c‐Myc
Authors: Li Bo , Zhang Ye‐wei , Cao Kun , Li Chao , Chen Qian , Jiang Yi‐heng , Luo Lu‐ling , Zuo Shi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe role of protein members containing the WD40 repeat domain in many diseases, including cancer, is well documented. However, the role of WD repeat domain 48 (WDR48) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its molecular basis remain to be further investigated. In the present study, we report that WDR48 is downregulated in clinical HCC samples and evaluate the relationship between its expression and clinical features of HCC. In vitro experiments showed that WDR48 positively regulated the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of HCC cells and in vivo experiments showed that downregulation of WDR48 significantly inhibited the tumorigenicity of HCC cells. Mechanistically, WDR48 binds to the proto‐oncogene transcriptional regulator c‐Myc and stabilizes c‐Myc expression by mediating its deubiquitination, thereby enhancing cell proliferation and EMT signalling. Our study demonstrates the oncogenic role of WDR48 and suggests that WDR48 can be an important target in HCC.
MicroRNA‐205‐5p: A potential therapeutic target for influenza A
Authors: Bao Yanyan , Shi Yujing , Zhou Lirun , Gao Shuangrong , Yao Rongmei , Guo Shanshan , Geng Zihan , Bao Lei , Zhao Ronghua , Cui Xiaolan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe are committed to finding host targets for influenza A therapeutics. The nucleoprotein (NP) plays an important role in influenza A virus replication and is an indispensable part of viral transcription and replication. Exploring endogenous substances that can modulate NP is critical for finding host targets. MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miR) are a novel class of powerful, endogenous gene expression regulators. Herein, we used miRanda to analyse the base complementarity between the NP gene and the 14 host miRNAs reported previously by us. MiRanda predicted that miR‐431‐5p, miR‐744‐3p and miR‐205‐5p could complement the NP gene. To understand the effect of these miRNAs on NP expression, we co‐transfected 293 T cells with NP gene sequence containing above miRNAs binding site or full sequence of NP gene (transfected into pmirGlo or pcDNA3.1 vectors, respectively), and mimics of miR‐205‐5p, miR‐431‐5p and miR‐744‐3p. Dual luciferase reporter gene or Western blotting assays confirmed that miR‐205‐5p and miR‐431‐5p inhibit NP expression by binding with the miRNA binding site of NP gene. Further, we infected Mouse Lung Epithelial (MLE‐12) cells overexpressing miR‐205‐5p and miR‐431‐5p with influenza A virus and performed Western blotting to examine NP expression. We found that NP expression was significantly reduced in MLE‐12 cells overexpressing miR‐205‐5p during influenza A infection. The miR‐205‐5p overexpression‐induced inhibition of influenza A replication could be attributed to the inhibition of NP expression. Further, we administered oseltamivir and Jinchai Antiviral Capsules (JC, an anti‐influenza Chinese medicine) to influenza A virus‐infected MLE‐12 cells and mice. We found that miR‐205‐5p was significantly decreased increased in infected cells and lung tissues, and oseltamivir and JC could up‐regulate miR‐205‐5p. In conclusion, we provide new evidence that miR‐205‐5p plays a role in regulating viral NP protein expression in combating influenza A and may be a potential target for influenza A therapy.
Interaction among dietary n‐3 and n‐6 polyunsaturated fatty acid intake, fatty acid desaturase 2 genetic variants, and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in type 2 diabetes patients
Authors: Huang Pei‐Chi , Cheng Hsuan , Su Yu‐Ting , Huang Meng‐Chuan , Hsu Chih‐Cheng , Hwang Shang‐Jyh , Shin Shyi‐Jang , Chang Wen‐Tsan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAims/IntroductionFatty acid desaturase (FADS) genetic polymorphisms are strongly correlated with the risk of dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease. In this study, we examined the impact of FADS1 and FADS2 genetic variants on plasma lipid status, and assessed interactions between FADS genetic polymorphisms and plasma n‐3/n‐6 fatty acids regarding lipid status within a population of 816 Taiwanese patients with type 2 diabetes.Materials and MethodsSelected tag single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (FADS1 rs174546 [T/C]; FADS2 rs174602 [A/G] and rs2072114 [A/G]) were genotyped (n = 816).ResultsThe distribution of genotypes were compared with reports publicly available in the Genome Aggregation Database for East Asian populations (https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org). In the subgroup of patients not taking lipid‐lowering medications (n = 192), we observed that the G allele of FADS2 rs174602 was statistically significantly correlated with lower low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) concentrations (P = 0.001), whereas the G allele of rs2072114 was marginally associated with LDL‐C concentrations (P = 0.091). Using a general linear model adjusted for confounding factors, statistically significant interactions (P = 0.016) between single‐nucleotide polymorphisms in rs2072114 and a low alpha‐linolenic acid (18:3n‐3)/linoleic acid (18:2n‐6) ratio; the G allele correlated with lower LDL‐C levels among individuals with a low alpha‐linolenic acid/linoleic acid ratio. Interaction between rs174602 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms and low alpha‐linolenic acid/linoleic acid values on LDL‐C was only marginally significant (P = 0.063).ConclusionsOur results show the role of n‐3/n‐6 dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids in modifying the effects of genetic susceptibility on lipoprotein concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes. Our findings highlight the potential of interventions with dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids regarding developing individualized prevention strategies for type 2 diabetes presenting with co‐occurring dyslipidemia and cardiovascular diseases.
Association between serum gamma glutamyl transferase and fasting blood glucose in Chinese people: A 6‐year follow‐up study
Authors: Teng Fei , Ye Yan , Wang Liying , Qin Ruihao , Liu Xuekui , Geng Houfa , Xu Wei , Lai Peng , Liang Jun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAims/IntroductionIn this study, we aimed to investigate the relationships between gamma‐glutamyl transferase (GGT) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) during a 6‐year follow‐up study of participants, and to determine whether GGT is a risk factor for FBG.Materials and MethodsA total of 1,369 individuals from the health examination survey in the urban area of Xuzhou, central China, were followed up for 6 years. The patients were divided into four groups based on their baseline GGT levels (in quartiles). The one‐way analysis of variance (anova) method was used to compare the differences between the variables and baseline. The relationship between GGT and FBG levels was investigated using repeated measurements anova.ResultsThe grouping of baseline GGT levels affected the changes in blood glucose during the 6‐year follow‐up study. In the GGT quartile subgroups, the annual mean increase in FBG levels showed a positive relationship with baseline GGT levels. This trend was even more aggregated in the highest baseline GGT group. Interactions among time course, baseline FBG and GGT groups in different participants together affected the change of FBG levels during the follow‐up period. The repeated measures anova suggested that different baseline GGT groups were still significantly associated with increased FBG levels. GGT is a risk factor that affects FBG levels(P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe annual mean increase in FBG levels showed a positive relationship with baseline GGT levels. Higher baseline GGT levels resulted in a faster annual mean increase in FBG. Thus, GGT can be used for the early detection of FBG‐related disorders of glucose metabolism for clinical application.
Trend of gastric cancer incidence and death rate in adolescents and young adults: A retrospective cohort study based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database
Authors: Wen Jie , Shen Huiqin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground and AimLess attentions are paid into the adolescents and young adults (AYAs) diagnosed with gastric cancer (GC). Our study aims to explore incidence rate trend, death rate trend, and prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) and cancer‐specific survival (CSS) in AYAs with GC.MethodsA retrospective cohort study based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was performed. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to calculate average annual percent change (AAPC) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for incidence and death rate trends. Prognostic factors for OS and CSS were investigated using Cox proportional hazard model and gray test, respectively, with results shown as hazard ratio (HR) with 95% CI.ResultsAlthough no statistical significance, incidence rate trend showed a tendency to an increase in AYAs (AAPC = 0.2, 95% CI: −0.2–0.6). All‐cause death rate trends were declined both in AYAs and middle‐aged and elderly people (MAEP), with AAPC value of −0.6 (95% CI: −0.8 to −0.5) and −0.5 (95% CI: −0.6 to −0.4), respectively. AYAs had a lower risk of all‐cause death (HR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.84–0.90) but a higher risk of GC‐specific death (HR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.07–1.15) than MAEP. Chemotherapy (HR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.16–1.40) and intraoperative radiation (HR: 2.89, 95% CI: 1.13–7.37) were, respectively, identified as risk factors for worse OS and CSS in AYAs.ConclusionsAYAs had a higher risk of GC‐specific death, indicating more attention should be paid into AYAs with GC.
Reducing relapse through maintenance steroid treatment can decrease the cancer risk in patients with IgG4‐sclerosing cholangitis: Based on a Japanese nationwide study
Authors: Kubota Kensuke , Kamisawa Terumi , Nakazawa Takahiro , Tanaka Atsushi , Naitoh Itaru , Kurita Yusuke , Takikawa Hajime , Unno Michiaki , Kawa Shigeyuki , Masamune Atsushi , Nakamura Seiji , Okazaki Kazuichi ,   Collaborators
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveIgG4‐related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4‐SC) is recognized as a benign steroid‐responsive disease; however, little is known about the risk of development of cancer in patients with IgG4‐SC and about how to counter this risk.DesignWe conducted a retrospective review of the data of 924 patients with IgG4‐SC selected from a Japanese nationwide survey. The incidence, type of malignancy, and risk of malignancy in these patients were examined. Then, the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of cancer in patients with IgG4‐SC was calculated.ResultsRelapse was recognized in 19.7% (182/924) of patients, and cancer development was noted in 15% (139/924) of patients. Multivariate analysis identified only relapse as an independent risk factor for the development of cancer. In most of these patients with pancreato‐biliary cancer, the cancer developed within 8 years after the diagnosis of IgG4‐SC. The SIR for cancer after the diagnosis of IgG4‐SC was 12.68 (95% confidence interval [CI] 6.89–8.79). The SIRs of cancers involving the biliary system and pancreas were 27.35 and 18.43, respectively. The cumulative survival rate was significantly better in the group that received maintenance steroid treatment (MST) than in the group that did not; thus, MST influenced the prognosis of these patients.ConclusionAmong the cancers, the risk of pancreatic and biliary cancers is the highest in these patients. Because of the elevated cancer risk, surveillance after the diagnosis and management to prevent relapse are important in patients with IgG4‐SC to reduce the risk of development of cancer.
A viewpoint on aldosterone andBMIrelated brain morphology in relation to treatment outcome in patients with major depression
Authors: Murck Harald , Lehr Lisa , Jezova Daniela 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAn abundance of knowledge has been collected describing the involvement of neuroendocrine parameters in major depression. The hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical (HPA) axis regulating cortisol release has been extensively studied; however, attempts to target the HPA axis pharmacologically to treat major depression have failed. This review focuses on the importance of the adrenocortical stress hormone aldosterone, which is released by adrenocorticotropic hormone and angiotensin, and the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) in depression. Depressed patients, in particular those with atypical depression, have signs of central hyperactivation of the aldosterone sensitive MR, potentially as a consequence of a reactive aldosterone release induced by low blood pressure and as a result of low sensitivity of peripheral MR. This is reflected in reduced heart rate variability, increased salt appetite and sleep changes in this group of patients. In addition, enlarged brain ventricles, compressed corpus callosum and changes of the choroid plexus are associated with increased aldosterone (in relation to cortisol). Furthermore, subjects with these features often show obesity. These characteristics are related to a worse antidepressant treatment outcome. Alterations in choroid plexus function as a consequence of increased aldosterone levels, autonomic dysregulation, metabolic changes and/or inflammation may be involved. The characterization of this regulatory system is in its early days but may identify new targets for therapeutic interventions.
Advancing mycorrhizal trait‐based ecology using both pure cultures and community‐level traits
Authors: Chagnon Pierre‐Luc 
Published: November 2022

Traits are the intermediate by which species respond to environmental filters and influence ecosystem functions. With the myriad of biogeochemical processes controlled by fungi, the past decade has witnessed a rising interest in applying trait‐based approaches, core to the toolkit of plant and animal ecophysiologists, to fungi. One of the first challenges to tackle when working on fungal ecophysiology is to circumscribe the very definition of what we consider a fungal trait. Traits are characteristics/features possessed by an individual that can influence how it interacts with its environment. Here, the individual scale is both important, and problematic. Important because the very goal of comparative ecology is to measure traits on individuals belonging to known species. This allows us to populate trait databases, and syntheses of such databases can reveal key trade‐offs and trait syndromes that govern species' life‐histories. The scale of the individual is problematic, however, because it is hard to define for soil fungi, and because a rare minority of fungi can be sampled at the individual scale in the environment (e.g., macroscopic sporocarps, ectomycorrhizal root tips, lichen thalli). Beyond this minority, the individual organisms can only be accessed/sampled through establishing fungal cultures, which probably represents one of the main bottlenecks in the development of fungal trait databases. In this issue of Molecular Ecology, Zhang et al. (2022) show how interesting insights in fungal trait‐based ecology can be gained by working at the community level.
Infrastructure‐level traffic micro‐simulation for probabilistic analysis of bridge loads
Authors: Testa Giusiana , Zaccaria Gaetano , Montanino Marcello , Baltzopoulos Georgios , Bilotta Antonio , Iervolino Iunio , Punzo Vincenzo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn state‐of‐the‐art building codes, the traffic loads for the design or assessment of bridges should derive from a probabilistic characterization. However, because traffic depends on the vehicle flow peculiar to the transportation infrastructure of interest, the frequency of exceedance of code‐assigned loads is factually unknown. This study presents a methodology to probabilistically characterize the traffic loads on bridges based on network‐level traffic micro‐simulation and its application to the A56, that is, the urban highway connecting Naples’ (Italy) districts. One year of traffic simulations, in conjunction with structural modeling of the bridges featured in the infrastructure, enabled the probabilistic characterization of the traffic‐induced structural demand and the determination of the bridge‐specific safety margins along the highway. The results of the study and of the application to A56 ultimately show that: (i) traffic micro‐simulation appears to be a suitable approach to bridge‐specific structural safety assessment; (ii) structural actions deriving from code‐assigned loads tend to be conservative with respect to their traffic‐simulation‐derived counterparts; and (iii) structural demand induced by traffic loads can vary along the same transportation infrastructure.
A dynamically bi‐orthogonal solution method for a stochastic Lighthill‐Whitham‐Richards traffic flow model
Authors: Fan Tianxiang , Wong S. C. , Zhang Zhiwen , Du Jie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMacroscopic traffic flow modeling is essential for describing and forecasting the characteristics of traffic flow. However, the classic Lighthill–Whitham–Richards (LWR) model only provides equilibrium values for steady‐state conditions and fails to capture common stochastic variabilities, which are a necessary component of accurate modeling of real‐time traffic management and control. In this paper, a stochastic LWR (SLWR) model that randomizes free‐flow speed is developed to account for the stochasticity incurred by the heterogeneity of drivers, while holding individual drivers’ behavior constant. The SLWR model follows a conservation law of stochastic traffic density and flow and is formulated as a time‐dependent stochastic partial differential equation. The model is solved using a dynamically bi‐orthogonal (DyBO) method based on a spatial basis and stochastic basis. Various scenarios are simulated and compared with the Monte Carlo (MC) method, and the results show that the SLWR model can effectively describe dynamic traffic evolutions and reproduce some commonly observed traffic phenomena. Furthermore, the DyBO method shows significant computational advantages over the MC method.
Medication‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw triggered by endodontic failure in oncologic patients
Authors: Tempesta Angela , Capodiferro Saverio , Di Nanna Simona , D'Agostino Silvia , Dolci Marco , Scarano Antonio , Gambarini Gianluca , Maiorano Eugenio , Favia Gianfranco , Limongelli Luisa 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo describe the association between endodontic treatment failure and medication‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) in a cohort of oncologic patients in therapy with antiresorptive and antiangiogenic drugs.Materials and MethodsPatients were selected as affected by MRONJ in absence of the common local risk factors (oral surgical procedures or ill‐fitting dentures) but showing failure of previous endodontic treatment performed at least 6 months before the starting of antiresorptive/antiangiogenic therapies. Jaw lesions were all surgically treated and patients underwent a strict clinical and radiological follow‐up.ResultsAmong 18 patients, who developed 18 MRONJ, the only detectable local risk factor was the presence of teeth with failed endodontic treatment (more precisely, root canal underfilling in eight cases, root canal overfilling in two cases, root perforation in three cases, root fracture in five cases). All patients completely healed after surgical procedure and no recurrence was observed.ConclusionsEndodontic treatment failure should be considered a local risk factor for MRONJ development in oncologic patients. For such reason, it is mandatory to carefully evaluate them prior than the beginning of antiresorptive and antiangiogenic drugs administration.
Changing trend of oral cancer disease burden in China from 1990 to 2019 and the forecast for the next 20 years
Authors: Xie Long , Shang Zhengjun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the trend of oral cancer (OC) disease burden in China from 1990 to 2019 and predict the disease burden in the next 20 years.MethodsOC data collected for 15 years old in China from 1990 to 2019 were obtained from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study. Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs), with respective 95% CI, were used to assess incidence, mortality, disability‐adjusted life‐year (DALY), and their trends.ResultsFrom 1990 to 2019, the age‐standardized rate of incidence, mortality, and DALY of OC in China showed an upward trend with EAPCs of 2.33 (95% CI = 2.01–2.63), 1.44 (95% CI = 1.15–1.73), and 1.24 (95% CI = 0.95–1.52), respectively. The main risk factors for OC in China were smoking and alcohol consumption. New cases, deaths, and DALYs due to OC are predicted to increase >1.5 times over the next 20 years.ConclusionThe number of cases, deaths, and DALYs will continue to increase in the next 20 years. Therefore, the control of risk factors, such as tobacco and alcohol consumption, needs to be strengthened to reduce the burden of OC in China.