bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of long-term phosphorus addition on soil ratios of phosphomonoesterase to phosphodiesterase in three tropical forests
Authors: Mori Taiki , Wang Senhao , Wang Cong , Chen Ji , Peng Cheng , Zheng Mianhai , Huang Juan , Wang Faming , Liu Zhanfeng , Mo Jiangming , Zhang Wei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSoil microorganisms in tropical forests can adapt to phosphorus (P)-poor conditions by changing the activity ratios of different types of phosphatases. We tested whether microorganisms in P-poor tropical forest soils increased the phosphomonoesterase (PME) to phosphodiesterase (PDE) activity ratio, because a one-step enzymatic reaction of monoester P degradation might be more adaptive for microbial P acquisition than a two-step reaction of diester P degradation. A continuous 10-year P addition experiment was performed in three tropical forests. The activities of PME and PDE, and their ratio in soil, were determined under the hypothesis that the P-fertilized plots where P shortage is relieved would have lower PME:PDE ratios than the unfertilized controls. We demonstrated that long-term P addition in tropical forest soil did not alter the PME:PDE ratio in primary and secondary forests, whereas P fertilization elevated the PME:PDE ratio in planted forest. These results were in contrast to previous results. The long-term, large-scale P fertilization in our study may have reduced litter- and/or throughfall-derived PDE, which negated the lowered PME:PDE ratio via exogenous P inputs.
Surgical resection of arteriovenous malformation of the pancreatic head with acute pancreatitis: a case report
Authors: Hakoda Hiroyuki , Kawaguchi Yoshikuni , Miyata Yoichi , Togashi Junichi , Nagai Motoki , Suzuki Yoshio , Nomura Yukihiro 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are uncommon in the gastrointestinal tract, particularly in the pancreas. AVMs cause complications, including gastrointestinal bleeding, portal hypertension and pancreatitis. Therefore, a treatment strategy is not yet established. Surgical treatment or transcatheter arterial embolization is performed in patients with AVM, considering their conditions. A 54-year-old man presented with acute abdominal pain was diagnosed with acute pancreatitis due to AVM of the pancreatic head using dynamic computed tomography. Endoscopic ultrasonography further revealed meandering blood vessels in the pancreatic head. The patient underwent subtotal stomach-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy. Histological examination revealed AVM of the pancreatic head with chronic pancreatitis. The patient had a good postoperative clinical course and was discharged on postoperative day 22. He remained asymptomatic. Pancreaticoduodenectomy can be considered an effective treatment method for selected cases of symptomatic AVM of the pancreatic head.
Solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence imperfectly tracks the temperature response of photosynthesis in winter wheat
Authors: Chen Ruonan , Liu Xinjie , Chen Jidai , Du Shanshan , Liu Liangyun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Solar-induced fluorescence (SIF) is a promising proxy for photosynthesis, but it is unclear whether it performs well in tracking the gross primary productivity (GPP) under different environmental conditions. In this study, we investigated the dynamics of the two parameters from October 2020 to June 2021 in field-grown winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) and found that the ability of SIF to track GPP was weakened at low temperatures. Accounting for the coupling of light and temperature at a seasonal scale, we found that SIF yield showed a lower temperature sensitivity and had a lower but broader optimal temperature range compared with light-use efficiency (LUE), although both SIF yield and LUE decreased in low-temperature conditions. The discrepancy between the temperature responses of SIF yield and GPP caused an increase in the ratio of SIF/GPP in winter, which indicated the variation in the relationship between them during this period. The results of our study highlight the impact of low temperature on the relationship between SIF and GPP and show the necessity of reconsidering the dynamics of energy distribution inside plants under changing environments.
Hyperspectral mapping of the response of grapevine cultivars to Plasmopara viticola infection at the tissue scale
Authors: Oerke Erich-Christian , Juraschek Lena , Steiner Ulrike 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Resistance of grapevine to Plasmopara viticola is associated with the hypersensitive reaction, accumulation of stilbenoids, and formation of callose depositions. Spectral characterization of infected leaf tissue of cvs ‘Regent’ and ‘Solaris’ with resistance genes Rpv 3-1 and Rpv 10 and Rpv 3-3, respectively, suggested that resistance is not dependent on large-scale necrotization of host tissue. Reactions of the resistant cultivars and a reference susceptible to P. viticola were studied using hyperspectral imaging (range 400–1000 nm) at the tissue level and microscopic techniques. Resistance of both cultivars was incomplete and allowed pathogen reproduction. Spectral vegetation indices characterized the host response to pathogen invasion; the vitality of infected and necrotic leaf tissue differed significantly. Resistance depended on local accumulation of polyphenols in response to haustorium formation and was more effective for cv. ‘Solaris’. Although hypersensitive reaction of some cells prevented colonization of palisade parenchyma, resistance was not associated with extensive necrotization of tissue, and the biotrophic pathogen survived localized death of penetrated host cells. Hyperspectral imaging was suitable to characterize and differentiate the resistance reactions of grapevine cultivars by mapping of the cellular response to pathogen attack on the tissue level and yields useful information on host–pathogen interactions.
Slovak Tales and the Collections of Pavol Dobšinský
Authors: Piroščáková Jana 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter focuses on the collections Slovak Tales and Simple National Slovak Tales, which were edited and published by the most important Slovak collector of folk tales, Pavol Dobšinský (1828–1885). Although the tales in these collections are not authentic folk tales and do not paint a genuine picture of folk prose, they are considered the foundation of knowledge on the Slovak oral folk tale tradition and exerted significant influence on this tradition. Dobšinský was influenced by Romantic conceptions of national art. The tales in his collections display a distinctive style that resulted from his purposeful adaptations of Slovak folk tale variants employing the compilation-stylization method. This chapter examines the characteristic style of these tales, how Dobšinský achieved it, how and why his preference for certain types of magic tales was reflected in his collections, and how they were interpreted to express Slovak nationalism. The international ATU Tale-Type Index is utilized to catalogue the Slovak folk tales discussed.
Subcultures
Authors: Force William Ryan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of subculture as an empirical topic and unique concept in symbolic interactionist sociology. This includes a description of the social and historical origins of subcultural studies in postwar United States and United Kingdom, a summary of the theoretical traditions of the Chicago and Birmingham Schools, and a survey of the contemporary landscape of subcultural practice. Key concepts in the interactionist approach to subculture are defined and unpacked. A central focus of SI is how youth use subculture as both the site of meaning-making and as a set of resources for managing interactional troubles and institutional problems. Particular consideration is given to the dynamics of class, race, gender, and sexuality as they shape subcultural experience and identity. Finally, the chapter takes up the question of subculture’s ongoing existence.
Anointed Saviors or Oppressive Enslavers?
Authors: Smith-Christopher Daniel L. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Any discussion of ancient Hebrew attitudes toward Persian rule in the Hebrew Bible (e.g., sixth to fourth centuries bce) is complicated by two other intertwined issues. First, the political “use” of ancient Persia continues in contemporary debates between Iran and Western countries. Second, however, is the long legacy of the discipline of Western classics taking a strong “pro-Hellenist” (and indeed, often pro-Roman) position vis-à-vis ancient Persia. This has resulted in a reaction that attempts to be more “neutral” toward the Achaemenid Empire. A good illustration of these intertwined debates is the wide use of the famous “Cyrus Cylinder” in contemporary debate, classical studies, and biblical studies. This chapter takes three biblical texts, and one non-biblical text, that often “trigger” discussion of Hebrew attitudes toward Persian rule, namely Isaiah 45:1 (proclaiming Cyrus a “Messiah”); Nehemiah 9:36–37 (“We are slaves …”); Diaspora stories such as Daniel and Esther, and Ahiqar in the Elephantine texts. Questions are raised about the assumptions of positive attitudes toward the Persians, which tend to support arguments that any negative attitudes must certainly be later redactions from the Hellenistic period. But from a postcolonial perspective, particularly informed by the work of James Scott, it is possible to propose a number of instances in the text where Hebraic “attitudes” toward Persian rule were anything but positive, even if not usually openly hostile (which would have been largely suicidal in any case).
A Biographer’s Angle on Jane Addams’s Feminism
Authors: Knight Louise W. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Was Jane Addams a feminist? Scholars of many disciplines have chosen various adjectives to capture the kind or kinds of feminist she was. This chapter uses a biographical approach. It explores the experiences that led her to probe the tensions between the ideals of patriarchy and democracy. It also establishes when she first adopted the language of “patriarchy” and “feminism.” When she was young, she struggled with her father’s expectations of a daughter’s duty to family because those expectations set limits on her ambition. Eventually, after her father’s death, she resolved the contradiction by deciding she was like her father. That was the moment she became a reformer and made it her life’s goal to advance what she called “social democracy.” Beginning with the founding of Hull House in 1889, she increasingly sought for women of all classes and backgrounds to have an equal voice in the family and in the nation’s civic life. At the same time, under the influence of contemporary, intellectual debates and her experiences with the labor union movement—especially the Pullman Strike—the suffrage movement, and the peace movement, her understanding deepened of the challenges involved in achieving such a revolution. In time she embraced the language of “patriarchy” and “feminism” as useful when interpreting the struggles women faced to stand as men’s equals at home, in politics, and in history.
Jane Addams and Settlement Sociology
Authors: Oakley Ann 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter examines Jane Addams’s writings on the role of settlements in contributing to a new science of social reform. It places her work in the context of a transnational settlement sociology movement that evolved an original epistemology and methodology for connected and participatory social research. The work of American settlements is compared with research carried out by British women researchers in the early twentieth century. The settlement sociology movement is neglected in most histories of sociology which construct a narrative privileging university-based, theoretical, and teaching work. Accounts of settlement sociological work have been mainly focused on the United States, with little attention paid to developments in other countries and to transnational linkages and networks.
Intersections of Race, Gender, and Class in Jane Addams’s Political Friendships
Authors: Walker Moskop Wynne 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Jane Addams insisted that “propinquity” to the poor and oppressed—meaning living and working with them to address their needs—inform the goals and ethics of pragmatist political friendships she developed with immigrant groups around Chicago’s Hull House (1895). The importance she attributed to propinquity to the poor points to cross-class relations as the framework that underlies her diverse political friendships, which also crossed lines of race, ethnicity, and gender. However, propinquity to the poor is not always visible in Addams’s political friendships—not in her political friendships with either African American leaders and organizations or activists in the women’s international peace movement. Were cross-class relations and propinquity to the poor less important in friendships where race or gender was more visible? Or, were they not as important generally as Addams thought? To consider these questions, this chapter compares Addams’s political friendships with immigrants at Hull House, with African American leaders and organizations, and with women peace activists, asking in each case about the extent to which collaborations included communities of poor people. The comparison illuminates different ways in which class hierarchy intersects and overlaps with hierarchies of ethnicity, race, and gender in different contexts. In addition, it suggests why weaving ties with the poor into political friendships with a largely racial, ethnic, or gender base remains important, and how such ties can be developed and maintained when propinquity to the poor does not seem possible.
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Chronic Pain
Authors: Edwards Karlyn A. , Vowles Kevin E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Chronic pain, defined as pain that persists for 3 months or longer, is a common and costly health care concern. Psychological approaches to the treatment of chronic pain have a longstanding and robust evidence base of positive effectiveness. This article briefly reviews the history of these approaches and focuses on acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for chronic pain, one of the most distinctive examples of the recently developed treatment approaches. ACT’s theoretical model as it pertains to chronic pain is outlined, as is the evidence base regarding its measures, methods, treatment outcomes, and mechanisms. The article concludes with a discussion of key clinical issues and the identification of key avenues for future development.
A hydrophobic layer prepared by cyclic grafting of polydimethylsiloxane on magnesium: improved corrosion resistance and biocompatibility
Authors: Shen Xiaolong , Zhang Hao , Li Xin , Li Peichuang , Zhao Yuancong , Wang Yunbing , Wang Jin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Magnesium and its alloys have been widely studied as absorbable coronary stent materials. However, the rapid corrosion rate in the intravascular environment inhibits the application of magnesium-based stents. In order to endow magnesium-based stent with appropriate degradation rate and biocompatibility, a hydrophobic layer was constructed by in situ cyclic grafting 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and aminopropyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane on pure magnesium. SEM-EDS, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and water contact angle were detected to analyze the chemical composition of the layer. The amino groups were confirmed to be introduced on the surface which provide a platform for subsequent modification. The contact angle value of the modified surface is 132.1°, indicating a hydrophilic surface. The electrochemical measurements and immersion tests demonstrated that the hydrophobic layer significantly improved the anti-corrosion ability of the substrate. Besides, the biocompatibility of the hydrophobic surface was examined by platelet adhesion, cytocompatibility in vitro and subcutaneous implantation in vivo. Immunological and histological results indicated that the hydrophobic layer had excellent biocompatibility. Therefore, the presented study might be a promising method for the surface modification of biomedical magnesium-based stent.
Improved sensitivity of the skin pathergy test with polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine antigens in the diagnosis of Behçet disease
Authors: Deniz Rabia , Emrence Zeliha , Yalçınkaya Yasemin , Artım Esen Bahar , İnanç Murat , Öcal Mahdume Lale , Gül Ahmet 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objective
The skin pathergy test (SPT) is an important tool in the diagnosis of Behçet disease (BD), but its decreasing sensitivity over years has resulted in less frequent use in the clinical practice. This study aimed to improve the sensitivity of the SPT without compromising its specificity.

Methods
BD patients, patients with other inflammatory diseases, recurrent aphthous stomatitis, and healthy controls comprised the study group. The SPT was conducted using 20G needle and 21G lancet pricks, or with additional application of 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine (PS-23), Alum, or ATP to the prick site. Development of erythema and induration at 24 h/48 h were evaluated by the same observer. Induration (≥2 mm) with erythema at 48 h was accepted as a positive reaction. Proinflammatory cytokine production following stimulation with lipopolysaccharide or PS-23 was investigated by whole-blood assay (WBA) in a subgroup.

Results
Stimulation of the forearm skin by PS-23 and a 20G needle prick showed the highest sensitivity and specificity in BD (64.3% and 100%, respectively), especially in patients with active disease (80.3% and 100%, respectively), compared with a sensitivity of 4.8% in all and 6.1% in active patients using a single 20G prick. A positive result was associated with active disease and no use of immunosuppressives. In WBA, increased IL-1β and IL-1Ra production in response to PS-23 was observed in the group with active BD, while the cytokine response to lipopolysaccharide was similar in all groups.

Conclusions
The SPT conducted using a 20G needle prick and PS-23 antigens was shown to be a promising tool for the diagnosis of BD owing to its improved sensitivity compared with the standard approach.
Dietary Inflammatory Index and sleep quality and duration among pregnant women with overweight or obesity
Authors: Wirth Michael D , Liu Jihong , Wallace McKenzie K , McLain Alexander C , Turner-McGrievy Gabrielle M , Davis Jean E , Ryan Nicole , Hébert James R 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Study Objectives
Sleep disturbances, which can worsen during pregnancy, have been linked to inflammatory processes. This study tested the hypothesis that more pro-inflammatory diets during pregnancy are associated with a decrease in sleep quality and shorter sleep duration.

Methods
The Health in Pregnancy and Postpartum study promoted a healthy lifestyle in pregnant women with pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity (n = 207). Data from &lt;16 weeks and 32 weeks gestation were used. Sleep was measured using BodyMedia’s SenseWear® armband. Diet was assessed using two 24-hr dietary recalls. Energy-density Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DIITM) scores were calculated from micro and macronutrients. Linear mixed-effects models estimated the impact of the E-DII score on sleep parameters.

Results
Women with more pro-inflammatory diets, compared to those with more anti-inflammatory diets, were more likely to be nulliparous (51% vs. 25%, p = 0.03), frequent consumers of fast food (29% vs. 10% consuming on 4–6 days during the previous week, p = 0.01), ever-smokers (21% vs. 6%, p = 0.02), and younger (mean age 29.2 vs. 31.3 years, p = 0.02). For every one-unit increase (i.e., more pro-inflammatory) in the E-DII score, sleep latency increased by 0.69 min (p &lt; 0.01). Among European Americans only, every one-unit higher E-DII was associated with a 2.92-min longer wake-after-sleep-onset (p = 0.02).

Conclusion
An E-DII score that is 5 points lower (i.e., more anti-inflammatory) would equate to about 105 min of additional sleep per week among European American women. Anti-inflammatory diets may help to counteract detriments in sleep during pregnancy, especially among European American women. Additional work is needed among African American women.

Clinical Trials Identifier
Name: Promoting Health in Pregnancy and Postpartum (HIPP); URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02260518; Registration Identifier: NCT02260518
One-stage Spine-shortening Osteotomy Treated Severe Spinal Deformity Associated With Spinal Cord Malformations
Authors: Yang Jingfan , Sui Wenyuan , Deng Yaolong , Yang Junlin , Huang Zifang 
Published: September 2022

Study Design:
Retrospective case series.

Objective:
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of spine-shortening using 1-stage 3-column osteotomy for a severe rigid spinal deformity with a spinal cord malformation (SCM).

Summary of Background Data:
One-stage spine-shortening osteotomy has been suggested for the treatment of a tethered spinal cord. However, the safety and efficacy of 1-stage spine-shortening osteotomy for the treatment of a severe spinal deformity with an SCM is not known.

Methods:
The records of 32 patients with a severe spinal deformity and SCM treated with spine-shortening using 3-column osteotomy from January 2010 to December 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring was used in all cases. Imaging parameters and neurological complications were analyzed to evaluate clinical safety and efficacy.

Results:
Spine-shortening using a 3-column osteotomy was conducted successfully in all 32 patients. The mean main coronal curve and maximum kyphotic angle were corrected from 119.8 and 119.1 degrees to 58.6 and 53.9 degrees, respectively, with the corrective rate of 51.4% and 54.3%. The mean correction loss of the major coronal curve and maximum kyphosis was 2.3 and 2.6 degrees, respectively, at a mean follow-up of 73.6 months. Intraoperative monitoring events occurred in 9 patients; of these 9 patients, 3 suffered transient SC injury, and all recovered within 1 year without suffering permanent paralysis.

Conclusions:
Spine-shortening using a 3-column osteotomy seems to be safe and efficacious for treating a severe spinal deformity with an SCM. A deep understanding of the method and intensive intraoperative neuromonitoring improved the safety of this challenging and complex surgical procedure.
The Anatomical Subunit Approach to Managing Tessier Numbers 3 and 4 Craniofacial Clefts
Authors: Van Slyke Aaron C. , Burge Jonathan , Bos Ria , Parker Gary , Chong David K. 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Patients with atypical facial clefts are rare, and there is a paucity of literature outlining the surgical approach to managing these patients. The anatomical subunit approach to the surgical correction of the cleft lip has revolutionized cleft care. Here, we outline our approach and operative technique to treating Tessier clefts 3 and 4 using a novel technique based on the anatomical subunit approach.

Methods:
All cases of Tessier facial clefts 3 and 4 between 2019 and 2021 from the senior author’s practice were reviewed retrospectively. Patient demographics, clinical presentation, procedure details, and complications are reported. The senior author’s technique is described in detail.

Results:
Five patients underwent treatment by the senior author during the study period. One patient had bilateral Tessier 4 clefts, one patient had bilateral Tessier 3 clefts, two patients had a unilateral Tessier 4 cleft, and one patient had a unilateral Tessier 3 cleft. Two of the patients had their clefts treated as secondary procedures. The surgical complication profile was a lost nasal stent in one patient. Treatment principles of the senior author’s technique are presented.

Conclusions:
The anatomical subunit approach to managing atypical facial clefts provides a structured approach to a complex problem for the cleft and craniofacial surgeon. The technique of repair presented here can assist surgeons attempting to treat patients with Tessier 3 and 4 clefts.