bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Mothers with Preterm Infants in Terms of Feeding
Authors: Kemer Seda Nur , Comuk-Balci Nilay , Serel-Arslan Selen 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Aim: To examine knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of mothers with preterm infants in terms of feeding.Method: Forty-one mothers of orally fed preterm infants with a corrected age of less than 6 months were included in the study. A questionnaire about KAP of mothers regarding infant feeding was administered. The Spielberger State Trait Anxiety Inventory was completed to measure the anxiety level of mothers. Results: It was found that 58.5% of the mothers had had high level of knowledge. In terms of practice, 58.5% of the mothers had a good practice level. The mothers had mild state anxiety and moderate trait anxiety. A strong positive correlation was found between the level of knowledge and practice. A good negative correlation was found between state anxiety and the level of knowledge, the level of practice, and between trait anxiety and the level of knowledge. There was a moderate negative correlation between trait anxiety and the level of practice.Interpretation: Although mothers have high levels of knowledge and practice about feeding preterm infants and have positive attitudes, they still have anxiety. Therefore, feeding counseling services during the growth process of the infant will reveal positive results for both mothers and infants.
Evaluation of the Protective Efficacy of a Spatial Repellent to Reduce Malaria Incidence in Children in Mali Compared to Placebo: Study Protocol for a Cluster-randomized Double-blinded Control Trial (The Aegis Program).
Authors: Hulle Suzanne Van , Sagara Issaka , Mbodji Momar , Nana Ghislain Ismael , Coulibaly Mamadou , Dicko Alassane , Thera Ismaila , Kone Mamady , Sylla Daman , Traore Mamadou Diango , Liu Fang , Grieco John P. , Achee Nicole Louise 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Spatial repellents have been widely used for the prevention of mosquito bites but their efficacy in reducing mosquito borne diseases has never been evaluated in Africa. Additionally, spatial repellents have the potential of being critical tools in the prevention of mosquito borne diseases in contexts where typical vectors control efforts such as insecticide treated nets (ITNs) and indoor residual spray (IRS) are inaccessible or underutilized such as among displaced populations or in emergency relief settings. To address this knowledge gap, Kolondieba District, Sikasso Region, Mali was selected as a site to estimate the impact of the Shield™, a spatial repellent that incorporates transfluthrin on a plastic sheet, on malaria related outcomes. Over the past decade, the Region of Sikasso, Health districts of Kadiolo, Yorosso and Kolondieba have remained among the most afflicted, characterized by an annual parasite incidence of more than 116 cases per 1000 population [1] and a Plasmodium falciparum prevalence rate of 29.7% [2]. Methods: Cluster-randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded clinical trial, whereby children ≥6 months to <10 years old will be enrolled and followed to determine time to malaria infection with monthly blood samples for microscopic diagnosis. A total of 1,920 subjects (HHs) will be enrolled in 60 clusters (30 spatial repellent, 30 placebo). Malaria incidence will be estimated and compared to demonstrate and quantify the protective efficacy (PE) of a spatial repellent, in reducing malaria infection. Monthly mosquito collections using CDC light traps will be conducted to determine if there are entomological correlates of spatial repellent efficacy that may be useful for the evaluation of new spatial repellents. Quarterly human landing catches (HLC) will assess behavioral effects of the intervention. Discussion: Findings will serve as an efficacy trial of spatial repellent products for sub-Saharan Africa. Findings will be submitted to the World Health Organization Vector Control Advisory Group (WHO VCAG) for assessment of whether spatial repellents have “public health value.” Entomological outcomes will also be measured as proxies of malaria transmission to help develop guidelines for the evaluation of future spatial repellent products. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04795648. Registered on March 12, 2021. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04795648?term=grieco&draw=2&rank=6
Impact of a Mobile Application Based Intervention on Improving Glycemic Control
Authors: Rafaqat Wardah , Belgaumi Sameer Mohiuddin , Syed Maeen Abbas , Iqbal Rafay 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Diabetes often remains untreated in low-resource settings due to inadequate healthcare infrastructure and compromised mobility especially, for women. The Glucose Trail (GT) intervention was designed to manage diabetes in patients from a low resource setting via a mobile application and community mobilization. The primary objective of this study was to assess the impact of the intervention on glycemic control parameters. The secondary objective was to examine the change in blood pressure, BMI and waist circumference.
Methods
A retrospective review was conducted among patients included in the GT intervention conducted between February 2019 to August 2019 at a health-center in Pind Begwal, Pakistan. Patients with HbA1c > 6.5% (48mmol/mol) and FBG >126 mg/dL or random blood glucose >200 mg/dL were included. Patients with end-stage diabetes complications, advanced medical comorbidities requiring frequent hospitalization or lack of ambulation were excluded. Lady health workers, selected from the community, followed patients for 6 months via home visits. During each visit, the patient’s FBG, waist circumference, weight and blood pressure were updated in the GT mobile application. The information was reviewed by a remote physician who titrated treatment. The updated plan was then conveyed to the patient by a lady health worker.
Results
44 patients were enrolled in Pind Begwal; 3 lost to follow-up. A decrease in HBA1c (p=0.026)), FBG (p=0.044), systolic blood pressure (p=0.044) and diastolic blood pressure (p=0.002) was recorded. There was an increase in average BMI (p=0.318) and decrease in waist circumference (p=0.511) compared to baseline values.
Conclusions
The GT application intervention improved glycemic control among patient from a low-resource setting. Further studies with a larger sample size are necessary to solidify this association.
Genome-wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the CAD Gene Family in Walnut (Juglans Regia L.)
Authors: Wu Pengyu , Yu Shangqi , Fu Jiazhi , Guo Zhongzhong , Li Dong , Zhang Rui 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Lignin deficiency in the endocarp of walnuts causes nuts exposed, lead a inconvenience in processing and transportation of walnuts, and easy to produce insect damage, mildew, affecting the quality of walnuts. Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) is the final enzyme in the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway in lignin, converting cinnamaldehyde to cinnamyl alcohol and catalyzing the synthesis of lignin monomers. To investigate the lignin metabolism pathway in walnut, the JrCAD genes were characterized. In this study, all 18 JrCADs were identified and phylogenetic relationships, gene structure, protein motifs, collinearity and expression pattern of the JrCADs were also analyzed. All JrCADs could be divided into three groups based on phylogenetic tree. Transcriptome data demonstrated that JrCADs have different expression patterns in walnut endocarp at development stages. Combined with qRT-PCR data, we finally identified several candidate JrCADs that involved in the process of endocarp sclerosis. These results provide valuable candidate genes for dissecting the functions and molecular mechanisms of lignin accumulation in walnut.
Proteomic Clusters Underlie Heterogeneity in Preclinical AD Progression
Authors: Wisch Julie , Butt Omar H. , Gordon Brian A. , Schindler Suzanne E. , Fagan Anne M. , Yang Chengran , Boerwinkle Anna H. , Benzinger Tammie L.S. , Holtzman David M. , Morris John C. , Cruchaga Carlos , Ances Beau M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Heterogeneity in progression to AD poses challenges for both clinical prognosis and clinical trial implementation. In the absence of a well-defined understanding of future disease trajectory, participants may receive unnecessary treatment or true effects of pharmacological intervention may be obscured. We identified early differences in preclinical Alzheimer Disease (AD) biomarkers, assessed patterns for developing preclinical AD across the Amyloid-Tau-(Neurodegeneration) (AT(N)) framework, and considered potential sources of difference by analyzing the CSF proteome.Methods: 108 participants enrolled in longitudinal studies at the Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (ADRC) who completed four or more lumbar punctures and were cognitively normal at baseline were included. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) measures of Aβ42, pTau181, and Neurofilament Light chain (NfL) as well as proteomics values were evaluated. Imaging biomarkers, including positron emission tomography (PET) amyloid and tau and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were repeatedly obtained when available. This allowed for staging individuals according to the AT(N) framework.Results and Conclusion: Growth mixture modeling, an unsupervised clustering technique, identified three patterns of biomarker progression as measured by CSF pTau181 and CSF Aβ42. Two groups (AD Biomarker Positive and AD Biomarker Intermediate) had distinct progression from normal biomarker status to having biomarkers consistent with preclinical AD. A third group (AD Biomarker Negative) did not develop abnormal AD biomarkers over time. Participants grouped by CSF trajectories were successfully re-classified using only proteomic profiles (AUCAD Biomarker Positive vs AD Biomarker Negatives = 0.970, AUCAD Biomarker Positive vs. Intermediate AD Biomarkers = 0.750, AUCIntermediate AD Biomarkers vs. AD Biomarker Negative = 0.698). We highlight heterogeneity in the development of AD biomarkers in cognitively normal individuals. We identified individuals who became AD Biomarker Positive before age 50. A second group, AD Biomarker Intermediate, developed elevated CSF ptau181 in their mid-60’s before becoming amyloid positive in their mid-70’s. A third group were AD Biomarker Negative over repeated testing. Our results could influence the selection of participants for specific treatments (e.g. amyloid-reducing vs. other agents) in clinical trials. CSF proteome analysis highlighted additional potential opportunities for non-AT(N) focused therapies, including blood brain barrier-, liver-, and neuroinflammatory-related targets.
A Novel Accessory Protein ArCel5 from Cellulose-Gelatinizing Fungus Arthrobotrys sp. CX1
Authors: Yuan Yue , Chen Chunshu , Wang Xueyan , Shen Shaonian , Guo Xiaoyu , Chen Xiaoyi , Yang Fan , Li Xianzhen 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Improved understanding of the mechanism of cellulose pretreatment by accessory proteins is beneficial for increasing the hydrolysis efficiency of cellulosic substrates. Here, we report a protein ArCel5 isolated from the cellulose-gelatinizing fungus Arthrobotrys sp. CX1. ArCel5 with lower specific hydrolysis activity could effectively disrupt the structure of filter paper and might function as an accessory protein. ArCel5 is a multi-domain protein including a CBM1 family carbohydrate-binding module, a glycosylation linker, and a GH5 family catalytic domain. Based on analyses of adsorption capacity, SEM, hydrature index, FTIR, XRD, and synergistic activity, we demonstrated that CBM1 and linker played an essential role in the binding affinity of the protein and the decrystallization of filter paper, which further encouraged the synergistic action between ArCel5 and cellulases. Notably, glycosylation modification further strengthened the function of the linker region. Overall, the results of this study provide insight into the cellulose decrystallization mechanism of a novel accessory protein ArCel5 that will benefit future applications.
Arsenic Concentration in Groundwater of Meherpur District, Southwestern Bangladesh: Sources of Arsenic, Quality Evaluation for Irrigation and Health
Authors: Rahman Md. Shazzadur , Reza A.H.M. Selim , Ahsan Aminul , Siddique Md. Abu Bakar 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In Bangladesh, groundwater arsenic poisoning has become one of the biggest concern because of its use for irrigation and domestic purposes. High arsenic concentration in groundwater, soil and crops around the study area are of the greatest environmental concern and a matter of interest about human health. Groundwater, soil and crops samples collected from Bholadanga, Meherpur district, southwestern Bangladesh to measure arsenic concentration and human health risk assessment. pH value of collected groundwater samples range from 7.17 to 8.09 which exhibit lightly acidic nature.The average abundance of major cations is Ca2+ > Mg2+ > Na+> K+ and among major anions is HCO3- >Cl- > NO3-> SO42- whereas Ca2+ is the dominant cations and HCO3- dominant anions. Arsenic as well as other cations and metal like Fe, Mn, Cr, Cd, Pb, Co, Ni and so on were determined for all sorts of samples in order to assess their concentration and possible health hazard with a different statistical approaches. Principal component and cluster analyses suggested significance metal concentration in samples. At the shallow aquifer (50 – 60 m of depth) concentration of arsenic in groundwater varies from 13.1 to 292 µg/L. In groundwater approximately all the trace metals concentration are within the WHO and DOE limit except Mn, As and Fe. So groundwater of the study area are contaminated with arsenic and which is not compatible for drinking as well as irrigation purposes. Piper Tri-linear, Durov and Schoeller Semi Logarithmic diagram have been prepared based on chemical analysis of major cations and anion data and these three diagrams express that groundwater of the study area is Ca-HCO3 type, where Ca and HCO3 is the principal cations and anion, respectively. Genetically groundwater collected from the study area is ‘normal chloride water’ based on chloride, ‘normal sulfate water’ based on sulfate and ‘elevated nitrate present’ based on nitrate concentration. Based on SAR, TH, SSP, KR, MH, TH, Na%, PI and PS values, it can be concluded that the groundwater collected from the investigated area is compatible for agricultural activities. Cancer risk, daily ingestion of metal, potential hazard quotient and carcinogenic risk are used to calculate possible health hazard in the study area. Average cancer risk value is 0.0057 from drinking water suggest that people of that area are at high cancer risk according to USEPA.
Health State Utilities of Patients With Hepatitis B and C and Hepatitis-related Conditions in Japan
Authors: Sugimori Hiroki , Hirao Maki , Igarashi Ataru , Yatsuhashi Hiroshi , Ikeda Shunya , Masaki Naohiko , Yotsuyanagi Hiroshi , Yoda Takeshi , Odajima Takeshi , Takura Tomoyuki , Hirao Tomohiro 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective: Health state utilities are global measurements of quality of life and have been used to evaluate health outcomes for the cost-utility analysis. This study aimed to estimate the health state utilities of patients with hepatitis B (HB), hepatitis C (HC), and hepatitis-related diseases in Japan. Materials and methods: We distributed a self-administered questionnaire, including the EuroQol 5-Dimension 5-Level (EQ-5D-5L), to 9,952 outpatients with several clinical conditions caused by HB or HC virus infection (such as asymptomatic chronic hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, compensated cirrhosis, and decompensated cirrhosis) and estimated the condition-specific utilities of patients with HB or HC. In patients with more severe conditions (patients with acute hepatitis, fulminant hepatitis, and hepatocellular carcinoma and patients undergoing post-liver transplantation), the utilities of these severe conditions were estimated by three hepatitis experts using the EQ-5D-5L. Results: The means of the utilities for acute hepatitis, fulminant hepatitis, asymptomatic chronic hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, compensated cirrhosis, compensated cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma stage I/II, hepatocellular carcinoma stage III/IV, and post-liver transplantation were 0.529, −0.111, 0.904, 0.868, 0.845, 0.722, 0,675, 0,428, and 0.651 and 0.876, 0.821, 0.737, 0.671, 0.675, 0.428, and 0.651 in HB and HC, respectively.Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that comprehensively assessed the health state utilities of patients with HB, HC, and hepatitis-related conditions in Japan using the EQ-5D-5L.
The Effect of Intra-articular Injection of Hyaluronic Acid in Frozen Shoulder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: FU Weili , Mao BeiNi , Peng Run , Zhang Zhong , Zhang KaiBo , Li Jian 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Frozen shoulder (FS) is a common progressive disorder that causes restricted motion and refractory pain undermining quality of life. Intra-articular hyaluronic acid (HA) injection is a widely adopted conservative therapy relieving symptomatic FS, whereas the effect of which were contradictory and unclear in current literatures. The aim of the present study is to investigate whether intra-articular HA administration facilitates symptomatic pain relief and functional improvements in patients diagnosed with shoulder FS.Methods: The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library electronic databases and Google scholar were searched, from inception to 15th Jan 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing intra-articular HA administration with any other non-surgical treatment in patients with FS were included. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool and meta-analyses were undertaken to pool the data of visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, range of motion (ROM) in external rotation, abduction, and flexion, as well as Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), Constant score and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES).Results: The present study included 7 RCTs involving 504 patients. The results provided no support for superior pain control in patients undergoing HA injection compared with any other treatment (p = 0.75). Furthermore, HA group failed to exert superior improvements to other treatments in ROM concerning abduction (p = 0.69) and flexion (p = 0.33). However, HA injection was observed to facilitate functional recovery in external rotation (p = 0.003). In addition, the pooled data showed a significant higher SPADI score in control group than in HA group (p=0.01), while no statistical significance between two groups was observed in Constant score (p=0.36) and ASES (P=0.76). Conclusions: The current meta-analysis suggested that HA is a beneficial treatment procedure in improving the ROM of the shoulder for patients with FS, whereas the effect in relieving pain may be equal to the existing therapy. In conclusion, Intra-articular HA injection is recommended for FS patients.
Visualization of Non-Newtonian Convective Fluid Flow With Internal Heat Transfer Across a Rotating Stretchable Surface Impact of Chemical Reaction
Authors: . Zeeshan , Khan Ilyas 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This study investigates the mixed convection flow of a Jeffery non-Newtonian fluid persuaded by a stretchable surface with heat transfer rate. The relevant set of difference equations was changed to ordinary equations by using transformation matrix. To create numerical solutions for velocity and concentration fields, the Runge-Kutta fourth order method along with shooting approach is utilized. Graphs depict the effects of various variables on motion and concentration fields, like the Hartman number, Schmidt number, and chemical reaction parameter. On\(f'{\text{ and }}g'\), the performance of\({\Omega _1}\) and \({M_1}\) is same. The thickness of the boundary layer is reduced when the value of \({M_1}\) is increased. As Sc grows, the concentration fields \({T_0}\) and \({T_1}\) decline. The destructive response (\(\Upsilon\)> 0) has the effect of lowering the concentration profiles. For destructive (\(\Upsilon\)> 0) and generative (\(\Upsilon\)< 0) chemical reactions, the concentration fields \({T_0}\) and \({T_1}\) observed opposite effects. By raising\({M_1}\), the surface mass transfer reduces. The statistical findings of the heat-transfer rate are as well documented and scrutinized.
Growing Up with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: School and Social Life in the Time of Social Media
Authors: Miri Sirine , Ferjani Hanene Lassoued , Nessib Dorra Ben , Triki Wafa , Maatallah Kaouther , Kaffel Dhia , Hamdi Wafa 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
BackgroundJuvenile idiopathic arthritis is a chronic inflammatory condition interfering with daily activities, social integration and scholar attendance in children because of pain and joint inflammation during disease flares. Online resources might help children with JIA improve their social interactions and enhance their knowledge about their disease and the available therapeutic strategies. This study aims to reveal the social issues encountered by teenagers prone to JIA and determine their perception about the impact of social media on their daily life.Methods: We conducted phone interviews with children suffering from JIA, aged between 8-16 years old. Results:Individual interviews were held with 22 adolescents diagnosed with JIA. Fifty-two percent felt like outcasts and rejected by their peers because of their illness. Most of the participants expressed a need for their friends to be informed about their JIA diagnosis. Twenty-two-point seven percent stated playing sports for more than 5 hours a week. 31.8% found their physical performance not affected by their disease. Ninety-seven of the participants confirmed that they’re using social media on average 3 hours a day. YouTube and Facebook were ranked respectively as the first and the second preferred platforms. Seventeen percent of children viewed these platforms as positive and helpful in dealing with JIA, especially by taking their mind off of the pain, dealing with the stress resulting from the lack of mobility, and facilitating interactions with others.Conclusion: Social integration in children with JIA is still challenging. Social media is a helpful tool to relieve pain and improve children’s social interactions.
Bioengineered and Biocompatible Silver Nanoparticles From Thalictrum Foliolosum DC and Their Biomedical Applications
Authors: Chandraker Sandip Kumar , Lal Mishri , Dhruve Preeti , Yadav Amit Kumar , Singh Rana P , Varma Rajender S. , Sukla Ravindra 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Bioengineered nanoparticles display unique characteristics at the cellular, atomic, and molecular levels with their geometric shapes dictating suitable actions and use. In the present study, bioengineered and bio-compatible silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were obtained from Thalictrum foliolosum DC leaf extract (TFLE) which served as a capping and reducing agent. The effects of different parameters, such as varied concentrations of AgNO3 (0.2, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mM), TFLE (24.5, 24, 23.5, and 23 mL), pH (2, 4, 6, 7, and 8), and temperature (20, 40, 60, and 80 °C) were examined on the synthesis of Thalictrum foliolosum-assisted AgNPs (TF@AgNPs) and their characterization accomplished by UV-Vis and FTIR spectroscopy, XRD, TEM, SEM, and Zeta potential analyses. TEM and XRD results revealed that TF@AgNPs were spherical with ~18.27 ± 3.9 nm size. The biological studies indicate potential antifungal, antioxidant, and anticancer properties besides H2O2 sensing, for the ensued TF@AgNPs, suggesting their numerous biomedical appliances. A clean, cost-effective, and safer method for the procurement of bioengineered TF@AgNPs that precludes the use of any hazardous elements with no adverse effects are some additional sustainable attributes.