bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Desafios da ação discricionária dos Burocratas de Nível de Rua na implementação de um programa habitacional em pequenos municípios
Authors: Rodrigues Lucas Pazolini Dias , Silveira Suely de Fátima Ramos 
Published: March 2022

A despeito do crescente interesse de pesquisadores sobre formulação e implementação de políticas públicas, muitas questões precisam ser analisadas e melhor compreendidas. Neste estudo buscou-se identificar e analisar a participação dos burocratas de nível de rua na implementação do Programa Lares Habitação Popular, executado em parceria com o Programa Minha Casa, Minha Vida, em municípios com até 50 mil habitantes, buscando compreender se, e como, os burocratas influenciaram a implementação da política habitacional em Minas Gerais. O estudo foi fundamentado a partir dos temas de implementação (policy cycle) e o poder discricionário que envolve a atuação dos street-level bureaucrats. As informações que possibilitaram a elaboração deste trabalho foram coletadas junto a agentes municipais, de vinte cidades mineiras, e estaduais, da companhia de habitação estadual, por meio de entrevistas com roteiros semiestruturados. Os resultados demonstraram que os burocratas de nível de rua, por limitações institucionais e pessoais, não exercem efetivamente o poder discricionário que os permeiam.
UPAYA GURU MENGATASI KESULITAN MURID DALAM MEMBACA AL-QUR’AN DI TPQ AL-IKHWAN KEBUN CENGKEH DESA BATU MERAH KECAMATAN SIRIMAU KOTA AMBON
Authors: Buton Anisa 
Published: March 2022

Abstract: The research entitled Teachers' Efforts to Overcome Student Difficulties in Reading the Qur'an at TPQ Al-Ikhwan Clove Gardens, Batu Merah Village, Sirimau District, Ambon City. The type of research used in this research is descriptive qualitative. In collecting data the author uses the method of observation, interviews, and documentation. Meanwhile, data analysis uses data reduction, and data presentation, and draws conclusions. The results showed that the teacher's efforts to overcome students' difficulties in reading the Qur'an at TPQ al-Ikhwan Kebun Cloves were, 1 by carrying out tadarus habituation, 2 by paying attention to students, 3 by motivating students. Then the supporting and inhibiting factors of students At TPQ al-Ikhwan Kebun Cloves, the supporting factors include: The existence of support from parents, the motivation of the teacher, and the existence of adequate facilities. slow. Keywords: Teacher Effort, Reading Difficulty, TPQ al-Ikhwan Abstrak: Penelitian yang berjudul Upaya Guru Mengatasi Kesulitan Murid Dalam Membaca Al-Qur’an Di TPQ Al-Ikhwan Kebun Cengkeh Desa Batu Merah Kecamatan Sirimau Kota Ambon. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Dalam pengumpulan data penulis menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, dan penyajian data, dan menarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Upaya guru mengatasi kesulitan murid dalam membaca al-Qur’an di TPQ al-Ikhwan Kebun Cengkeh adalah, 1 dengan melaksanakan pembiasaan tadarus, 2 dengan mencurahkan perhatian kepada murid, 3 dengan memberikan motivasi kepada murid Kemudian Faktor pendukung dan penghambat murid di TPQ al-Ikhwan Kebun Cengkeh, faktor pendukung antara lain: Adanya dukungan dari orangtua, adanya motivasi dari guru, dan adanya fasilitas yang memadai, Kemudian faktor penghambat antara lain: Rasa malas yang tertanam dalam murid itu sendiri, dan daya ingat murid yang sangat lambat. Kata kunci: Upaya Guru, Kesulitan Membaca, TPQ al-Ikhwan
UPAYA GURU PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DALAM MENYIKAPI DAMPAK NEGATIF PENGGUNAAN INTERNET
Authors: Rajai Narsi , Husein Saddam 
Published: March 2022

Abstract; This research aims to find out the negative impact of internet use on class VII students at Muhammadiyah Amaholu MTs and the efforts of Islamic Religious Education teachers in addressing the negative impact of internet use on class VII students at Muhammadiyah Amaholu MTs. The results showed that the negative impact of internet use on class VII students in MTs Muhammadiyah Amaholu District Huamual West Seram Regency among others: a) Students addicted to playing online games, b) Students do not concentrate on the subject matter in class, c) lazy to learn, d) lazy to do prayers five times, e) lazy to go preaching, and f) lazy to help parents at home. The efforts of Islamic Religious Education teachers in addressing the negative impact of internet use on class VII students in Muhammadiyah Amaholu MTs Huamual District of Western Seram Regency include: 1) Routinely give directions on internet use; 2) Taking/confiscating the student's mobile phone; 3) Give a reprimand or warning to students caught playing HP in class. We as pai teacher board together with the principal always give advice that students often learn to pay attention to their learning hours and appreciate the teacher council, respect both parents at home and appreciate the older in the community environment and then do not forget to read the Quran as a form of muslim person who obeys Allah Swt.Keywords: PAI Teacher Efforts, Negative Impact, Internet Abstrak; Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak negatif penggunaan internet pada siswa kelas VII di MTs Muhammadiyah Amaholu dan upaya guru Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam menyikapi dampak negatif penggunaan internet pada siswa kelas VII di MTs Muhammadiyah Amaholu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dampak negatif penggunaan internet pada siswa kelas VII di MTs Muhammadiyah Amaholu Kecamatan Huamual Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat antara lain: a) Siswa ketagihan bermain game online, b) Siswa tidak konsentrasi terhadap materi pelajaran di kelas, c) malas belajar, d) malas mengerjakan sholat lima waktu, e) malas pergi mengaji, dan f) malas membantu orang tua di rumah. Upaya guru Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam menyikapi dampak negatif penggunaan internet pada siswa kelas VII di MTs Muhammadiyah Amaholu Kecamatan Huamual Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat antara lain: 1) Rutin memberikan arahan tentang penggunaan internet; 2) Mengambil/menyita HP milik siswa; 3) Memberikan teguran atau peringatan kepada siswa yang kedapatan bermain HP di kelas. Kami selaku dewan guru PAI bersama kepala sekolah selalu memebrikan nasehat agar siswa sering belajar memperhatikan jam belajarnya serta menghargai dewan guru, menghargai kedua orang tua dirumah dan menghargai yang lebih tua dilingkungan masyarakat kemudian tidak lupa membaca AL Quran sebagai wujud pribadi muslim yang taat kepada Allah Swt.Kata kunci: Upaya Guru PAI, Dampak Negatif, Internet.
A Short-Term High-Fat Diet Improved the Survival of Fat Grafts in Mice by Promoting Macrophage Infiltration and Angiogenesis
Authors: Niu Xingtang , Lai Zhuhao , Chen Xihang , Lu Feng , Gao Jianhua , Yuan Yi 
Published: March 2022

Background: Adipose tissue is an ideal filler material that is widely used for soft tissue defects. But the low survival rate and complications associated with such grafts pose a serious challenge, which limits their clinical application. Adipose tissue is a metabolic diet-responsive tissue; however, the influence of diets on fat grafting remains ambiguous.Methods: We extracted inguinal fat pads from C57/BL6 male mice, and transplanted them into the dorsal region of recipient mice (0.3 ml). Post-fat-grafting, mice (n = 54) were randomized into three groups, namely normal diet (ND), high carbohydrate diet (HC), and high-fat diet (HF). Structural changes were assessed by histological staining. Lipolysis activity and vascular regeneration of grafts on day 30 were analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunofluorescence, and western blotting.Results: The grafts of mice on HC and HF diets exhibited significantly fewer oil cysts and larger volume retention (0.18 ± 0.01, 0.21 ± 0.01, and 0.25 ± 0.01 ml, for ND, HC, and HF group, respectively, p &lt; 0.05) on day 90. In comparison, grafts for the mice belonging to the HF groups exhibited higher expression of lipolysis-related genes, including adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1), on day 30. Furthermore, increased infiltration of macrophages (F4/80+) and the higher expression of angiogenesis genes were reported in the HF groups.Conclusion: Altogether, the administration of short-term HF diet remarkably enhanced angiogenesis and improved the quality of fat grafts, which was characterized by fewer oil cysts and higher long-term volume retention. The possible mechanisms may be due to the increased macrophage infiltration, and the promoted angiogenesis in HF grafts.
Atypical Expression of Smooth Muscle Markers and Co-activators and Their Regulation in Rheumatic Aortic and Calcified Bicuspid Valves
Authors: Latif Najma , Sarathchandra Padmini , McCormack Ann , Yacoub Magdi H. , Chester Adrian H. 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveWe have previously reported that human calcified aortic cusps have abundant expression of smooth muscle (SM) markers and co-activators. We hypothesised that cells in bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) cusps and those affected by rheumatic heart valve (RHV) disease may follow a similar phenotypic transition into smooth muscle cells, a process that could be regulated by transforming growth factors (TGFs).AimsCusps from eight patients with BAV and seven patients with RHV were analysed for early and late SM markers and regulators of SM gene expression by immunocytochemistry and compared to healthy aortic valves from 12 unused heart valve donors. The ability of TGFs to induce these markers in valve endothelial cells (VECs) on two substrates was assessed.ResultsIn total, 7 out of 8 BAVs and all the RHVs showed an increased and atypical expression of early and late SM markers α-SMA, calponin, SM22 and SM-myosin. The SM marker co-activators were aberrantly expressed in six of the BAV and six of the RHV, in a similar regional pattern to the expression of SM markers. Additionally, regions of VECs, and endothelial cells lining the vessels within the cusps were found to be positive for SM markers and co-activators in three BAV and six RHV. Both BAVs and RHVs were significantly thickened and HIF1α expression was prominent in four BAVs and one RHV. The ability of TGFβs to induce the expression of SM markers and myocardin was greater in VECs cultured on fibronectin than on gelatin. Fibronectin was shown to be upregulated in BAVs and RHVs, within the cusps as well as in the basement membrane.ConclusionBicuspid aortic valves and RHVs expressed increased numbers of SM marker-positive VICs and VECs. Concomittantly, these cells expressed MRTF-A and myocardin, key regulators of SM gene expression. TGFβ1 was able to preferentially upregulate SM markers and myocardin in VECs on fibronectin, and fibronectin was found to be upregulated in BAVs and RHVs. These findings suggest a role of VEC as a source of cells that express SM cell markers in BAVs and RHVs. The similarity between SM marker expression in BAVs and RHVs with our previous study with cusps from patients with aortic stenosis suggests the existance of a common pathological pathway between these different pathologies.
Primary vs. Secondary Heart Failure Diagnosis: Differences in Clinical Outcomes, Healthcare Resource Utilization and Cost
Authors: Bueno Héctor , Goñi Clara , Salguero-Bodes Rafael , Palacios Beatriz , Vicent Lourdes , Moreno Guillermo , Rosillo Nicolás , Varela Luis , Capel Margarita , Delgado Juan , Arribas Fernando , del Oro Manuel , Ortega Carmen , Bernal Jose L. 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundThere is scarce information on patients with secondary heart failure diagnosis (sHF). We aimed to compare the characteristics, burden, and outcomes of sHF with those with primary HF diagnosis (pHF).MethodsRetrospective, observational study on patients ≥18 years with emergency department (ED) visits during 2018 with pHF and sHF in ED or hospital (ICD-10-CM) diagnostic codes. Baseline characteristics, 30-day and 1-year mortality, readmission and re-ED visit rates, and costs were compared between sHF and pHF.ResultsOut of the 797 patients discharged home from the ED, 45.5% had sHF, and these presented lower 1-year hospitalization, re-ED visit rates, and costs. In contrast, out of the 2,286 hospitalized patients, 55% had sHF and 45% pHF. Hospitalized sHF patients had significantly (p &lt; 0.01) greater comorbidity, lower use of recommended HF therapies, longer length of stay (10.8 ± 10.1 vs. 9.7 ± 7.9 days), and higher in-hospital and 1-year mortality (32 vs. 25.8%) with no significant differences in readmission rates and lower 1-year re-ED visit rate. Hospitalized sHF patients had higher total costs (€12,262,422 vs. €9,144,952, p &lt; 0.001), mean cost per patient-year (€9,755 ± 13,395 vs. €8,887 ± 12,059), and average daily cost per patient.ConclusionHospitalized sHF patients have a worse initial prognosis, greater use of healthcare resources, and higher costs.
Association Between Asthma and All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Disease Morbidity and Mortality: A Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies
Authors: Zhang Bin , Li Zhi-Fei , An Zhuo-Yu , Zhang Li , Wang Jing-Yi , Hao Meng-Di , Jin Yi-Jing , Li Dong , Song An-Jian , Ren Qiang , Chen Wen-Biao 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundAsthma and cardiovascular disease (CVD) share many risk factors. Previous meta-analyses indicated that asthma is associated with an increased risk of CVD and all-cause mortality, but these studies were limited by unstandardized search strategies and the number of articles included.ObjectiveWe sought to systematically synthesize evidence investigating the impact of asthma on all-cause mortality and CVD morbidity and mortality.MethodsWe searched in PubMed and EMBASE for observational cohort studies (inception dates to November 10, 2021) that had both asthma groups and control groups. We also manually searched the reference lists of correlative articles to include other eligible studies. Data for associations between asthma and all-cause mortality and CVD morbidity and mortality were needed.ResultsWe summarized the findings from 30 cohort studies comprising 4,157,823 participants. Asthma patients had increased CVD morbidity [relative risk (RR) = 1.28, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.16–1.40] and increased CVD mortality (RR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.14–1.38). Asthma patients also had increased risk of all-cause mortality (RR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.07–1.77). In subgroup analyses, female asthma patients had a higher risk of CVD morbidity and all-cause mortality than male asthma patients, and late-onset asthma patients had a higher risk of CVD morbidity than early-onset asthma patients.ConclusionAsthma patients have increased risk of all-cause mortality and CVD morbidity and mortality. This information reminds clinicians to be aware of the risk of CVD and all-cause mortality in asthma patients.Systematic Review Registrationhttp://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, PROSPERO, identifier: CRD 42021290082.
Sauropod Trackway Morphometrics: An Exploratory Study Using Highway A16 Excavation at the Courtedoux-Tchâfouè Track Site (Late Jurassic, NW Switzerland)
Authors: Sciscio Lara , Belvedere Matteo , Meyer Christian A. , Marty Daniel 
Published: March 2022

Ichnogeneric classification of sauropod trackways is determined using qualitative and quantitative descriptions of morphological parameters. More recently, the validity of several of these parameters has been called into question (e.g., trackway gauge). This paper aims to test traditional and more novel landmark-based geometric morphometric (GM) analysis to describe sauropod tracks and trackways. The Courtedoux-Tchâfouè (TCH) tracksite, in NW Switzerland, has been used as a test site because it hosted several Late Jurassic sauropod track-bearing levels, over a short time period (∼40 ka), creating a time capsule of sauropod activity. Exploratory statistical analyses suggest that the TCH trackway dataset can be partitioned into clusters based on trackway parameters (e.g., width of pes angulation pattern/pes length) that demonstrate differences between trackways. Nevertheless, clustering reflected a moderate degree of intercluster similarity and a continuum in TCH trackway morphologies. The GM analysis of TCH pes impressions, from several trackways, indicates a similar morphotype and did not significantly differentiate pes tracks from various stratigraphic levels. Currently, the results indicate that neither linear nor landmark-based geometric morphometric methods strongly segregate tracks at TCH nor show a time-control (i.e., via stratigraphic level) over the short interval studied. The methods reinforce that sauropod pes impression shape is conservative and that combining morphological methods to be inclusive of sauropod trackway data is important. The TCH site demonstrates that variability may reflect morphological continuums and behavioural factors and does not unambiguously differentiate unique sauropod trackmakers. More exploration on the minimum number of trackway parameters as predictors of sauropod ichnotaxonomy is needed. Integrating complementary techniques will provide more insight and practical means of identification and delineation of sauropod tracks and their trackways.
Lithium Isotopic Compositions of Mesozoic and Cenozoic Basalts From South-Eastern China: Implications for Extremely Low δ7Li of Continental-Type Eclogites
Authors: Yu Cheng-Long , Xiao Yilin , Wang Yang-Yang , Nadeau Olivier , Sun He , Wan Hong-Qiong , Li Dong-Yong , Wang Xiao-Xia , Tan Dong-Bo 
Published: March 2022

Lithium isotope geochemical studies of oceanic-type eclogites benefited from previous investigation of altered oceanic crust; however, processes of lithium isotope exchange operating on altered protoliths of continental-type eclogites have remained unclear. Here, the Li concentration and isotopic composition of fresh and altered continental basalts from the South China Block were measured to decipher Li and its isotopic fractionation during subaerial alteration processes. The results show that altered South China basalts have higher Li concentration (11.4–117.7 ppm) and lower δ7Li values (−4.3–+0.5‰) than fresh basalts (Li: 5.0 ppm and δ7Li: ∼3‰). It is found that hydrothermal alteration played an important role in increasing the Li concentration of altered basalts, which is supported by the relation of loss on ignition and Li concentration. Subsequently, continental weathering acted on chlorite-bearing basalts, as evidenced by the occurrence of minor kaolinite and illite and weathering trend of δ7Li values in these basalts. Detailed petrography and in situ geochemical analyses are used to show that chlorite is the chief repository for Li in weathered basalts, supporting that it was responsible for decreasing δ7Li value by Rayleigh distillation during weathering. Because of the lower δ7Li values of continental altered basalts than oceanic altered crust, it is concluded that, in addition to the dehydration of subducted slabs and possible Li diffusion, the extremely light Li isotopic values of continental-type eclogites worldwide partly result from isotope fractionation caused by the continental weathering of their protoliths.
Experimental Study on Prototype of Printed Circuit Heat Exchanger
Authors: Zhang Dongxu , Zhao Minfu , Liang Peng , Li Weiqing 
Published: March 2022

The printed circuit heat exchanger (PCHE) is the key equipment of the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle applied to sodium cooled fast reactor. It is required that the equipment not only can operate in high temperature and high pressure environment but also has high efficiency and compact structure. The China Institute of Atomic Energy has carried out the research on a sodium-supercritical carbon dioxide PCHE and has designed and manufactured a heat exchanger prototype with the heat transfer power of 50 kW. In addition, the supercritical carbon dioxide test loop and sodium test loop have been built to test the performance of the heat exchanger prototype. The conclusions are as follows: 1) The heat exchange power of the heat exchanger under rated working condition is 54.2 kW, and the deviation is around 8%, which meets the design requirements; 2) With the increase of the flow ratio of sodium to carbon dioxide, the temperature difference at the high temperature end decreases, and the temperature difference at the low temperature end increases; 3) The change of flow rate of the carbon dioxide has a great influence on heat transfer power; 4) The total heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger increases with the increase of the pressure of carbon dioxide; when the pressure increases from 15.5 to 20 MPa, the total heat transfer coefficient increases by 12.8%.
Comprehensive Analysis of the Immune and Prognostic Implication of TRIM8 in Breast Cancer
Authors: Yan Cheng , Liu Qingling , Nie Mingkun , Hu Wei , Jia Ruoling 
Published: March 2022

Background: Breast cancer remains one of most lethal illnesses and the most common malignancies among women, making it important to discover novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the disease. Immunotherapy has become a promising therapeutic tool for breast cancer. The role of TRIM8 in breast cancer has rarely been reported.Method: Here we identified TRIM8 expression and its potential function on survival in patients with breast cancer using TCGA (The cancer genome atlas), GEO (Gene expression omnibus) database and METABRIC (Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium). Then, TIMER and TISIDB databases were used to investigate the correlations between TRIM8 mRNA levels and immune characteristics. Using stepwise cox regression, we established an immune prognostic signature based on five differentially expression immune-related genes (DE-IRGs). Finally, a nomogram, accompanied by a calibration curve was proposed to predict 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival for breast cancer patients.Results: We found that TRIM8 expression was dramatically lower in breast cancer tissues in comparison with normal tissues. Lower TRIM8 expression was related with worse prognosis in breast cancer. TIMER and TISIDB analysis showed that there were strong correlations between TRIM8 expression and immune characteristics. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve confirmed the good performance in survival prediction and showed good accuracy of the immune prognostic signature. We demonstrated the model usefulness of predictions by nomogram and calibration curves. Our findings indicated that TRIM8 might be a potential link between progression and prognosis survival of breast cancer.Conclusion: This is a comprehensive study to reveal that tripartite motif 8 (TRIM8) may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker associating with immune characteristics and provide a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of breast cancer.