bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring Culturally-preferred Communication Approaches for Increased Uptake of Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision (VMMC) Services in Rural Malawi
Authors: Mphepo Kent Yelemia G. , Muula Adamson Sinjani , Suzi Joel , Phuka Felix , Mfutso-Bengo Joseph 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
In 2007 WHO and UNAIDS recommended communication interventions as a key strategy for creating demand for Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision (VMMC) in Southern Africa. In Malawi, VMMC communication interventions, implemented by health communication agencies, have effectively raised awareness of services. Ironically, high awareness of VMMC has not resulted in increased uptake. Consequently, Malawi has achieved the lowest number of circumcisions in Southern Africa.
Methods
These researchers carried out a study among the traditionally circumcising Yaos of Mangochi in Southern Region and the non-circumcising Chewas in Central Region. Data were collected using FGDs, KIIs, IDIs, Life Histories and Participatory Rural Appraisal methods. Data were analyzed thematically.
Results
This study demonstrates two lessons. First, Lasswell’s Theory, which has traditionally been used in politics, is relevant to the health sector where the message delivery continuum also needs to be clear on source, message, audience, channel and intended effects. Secondly, according to respondents, allowing communities to give feedback to the VMMC messages delivered by health promoters is fundamental. Therefore, failure by Lasswell Theory to emphasize on feedback compromises its efficacy. It weakens its ability to foster a common vision between the source and the audience which is prerequisite for behavioral change.
Conclusion
The study concluded that community engagement and interpersonal communication which provide room for real-time feedback in any communicative event are the most preferred communication interventions for VMMC services among Yaos and Chewas.
Experimental analysis of earthquake prediction using machine learning classifiers, curve fitting, and neural modeling
Authors: Chittora Pankaj , Chakrabarti Tulika , Debnath Papiya , Gupta Amit , Chakrabarti Prasun , Praveen S Phani , Margala Martin , Elngar Ahmed A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
An earthquake is one of the most massive natural disasters which happens unexpectedly shaking the earth's surface. Due to earthquakes, not only infrastructure but also buildings get damaged thereby affecting lifestyle. For the early-stage prediction of the earthquake impact, machine learning can play a vital role, and this entails the novelty of the work. For this perception, six different machine learning classifiers namely Artificial Neural Network, Random Tree, CHAID, Discriminant, XGBoost Tree, and Tree-AS on six datasets of different regions of India. All the algorithms have been applied to each dataset. The objective of the research is to predict the value of magnitude for the future earthquake in India and nearby regions from the historical data on earthquakes. From the result, It has been observed that for Andaman & Nikobar dataset XGBoost Tree achieved the highest accuracy with 99.10%, for the Gujarat dataset Tree-AS achieved the highest accuracy with 91.67%, for the North India dataset Artificial Neural Network achieved the highest accuracy with 99.13%, for North East India dataset XGBoost Tree achieved the highest accuracy with 99.04%, for Nepal-UP-Bihar dataset XGBoost Tree achieved the highest accuracy with 99.01%, for Nearby India’s Country dataset XGBoost Tree achieved the highest accuracy with 92.12%. From all the results, it has been noted that XGBoost tree classifier performed well in most datasets., the Curve has been made between magnitude & gap, magnitude & magnitude error, and magnitude and depth error for finding the mathematical relation between them.
Single-nucleus ATAC-seq elucidates major modules of gene regulation in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Takeuchi Fumihiko , Liang Yi-Qiang , Shimizu-Furusawa Hana , Isono Masato , Ang Mia Yang , Mori Kotaro , Mori Taizo , Kakazu Eiji , Yoshio Sachiyo , Kato Norihiro 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) develops from fatty liver to steatohepatitis during which multiple cell types may play different roles. Aiming to understand tissue composition of cell types, their gene expression and global gene regulation in the development of NAFLD, we performed single-nucleus and bulk ATAC-seq on the liver of rats fed with a high-fat diet (HFD).
Methods
Male Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats were fed a normal diet or a HFD. Rats fed HFD for 4 weeks developed fatty liver, and those fed HFD for 8 weeks further developed steatohepatitis. Under the washout condition, where 4 weeks of HFD is followed by 4 weeks of a normal diet, fatty liver was partially ameliorated. For each dietary condition, we performed single-nucleus ATAC-seq on one animal and bulk ATAC-seq on four animals.
Results
In accordance with the pathological progression from fatty liver to steatohepatitis, the proportion of inflammatory macrophages dramatically increased. By machine learning, we divided global gene expression into modules, such that transcription factors in a module regulate a set of genes in the same module. Consequently, many of the modules rediscovered known regulatory relationship between the transcription factors and biological processes. For the discovered biological processes, we searched core genes, which were defined as genes central regarding co-expression and protein-protein interaction. A large part of the core genes overlapped with previously implicated NAFLD genes.
Conclusions
Single-nucleus ATAC-seq combined with data-driven statistical analysis help elucidate the global gene regulation in vivo as a combination of modules and discover core genes of the relevant biological processes.
Application and evaluation of Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) diagnostic assay for detection of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia Coli (O157:H7)
Authors: Yinur Degisew , Moges Biniam , Hassen Aliyi , Tessema Tesfaye Sisay 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Backgrounds: O157:H7 E. coli has been implicated in the worldwide outbreak of food and water borne diseases. Early and effective diagnosis are the pivotal concerns for clinics and hospitals for prompt reporting of outbreaks, prevent more cases and treat the infection in appropriate time. Most of common diagnostic methods are constrained by significant drawbacks and novel reliable and rapid detection of this pathogen is beneficial to execute, particularly in low-resource laboratory settings. This study aimed at evaluating the performance of LAMP diagnostic assay targeting on putative fimbria protein coding gene (Z3276) for rapid and specific detection of EHEC O157:H7. Results: A total number of 40 locally available bacteria isolates and reference strains, among them 6 entrohemorrhagic (O157:H7) and 10 entropathogenic E. coli, 7 non diarrheic E. coli strains and 13 non entrohemorrhagic shiga toxic (stx) E. coli isolates as well as 4 pathogenic non E. coli species were included to optimization and evaluation for LAMP assay. The LAMP amplified DNA samples were visualized as turbid DNA with naked eye as well as using gel electrophoresis followed by staining. The assay performed with 100% (6/6) sensitivity, 97.05% (33/34) specificity, as well as 97.5% (39/40) efficiency. The assay was exhibited with 100% negative predicted value and 85.7% positive predicted value. The LAMP assay was also 10 times more sensitive than the conventional PCR assay; sensitivity evaluation was done through serial dilution. Additionally, LAMP and PCR assay results showed very high agreement (k = 0.97) on detection of the studied bacteria. Conclusions: Different diagnosis methods have been developed for EHEC O157:H7 detection. Nevertheless, some of the developed assays are not effective and others are expensive. In this study simple, rapid, specific and sensitive molecular diagnostic assay (LAMP assay) for detection of EHEC O157: H7 were evaluated. Thus, in comparison with performance of PCR and SMAC, LAMP assay was loftier in sensitivity, rapidness and cost-efficiency. Through further improvement, LAMP assay can be exploiting as point care diagnostic assays in resource-limited laboratories, especially in rural clinics and primary hospitals.
Risk factors of poor bowel preparation before colonoscopy: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Shi Liu , Liao Foqiang , Liao Wangdi , Zhu Yin , Chen Youxiang , Shu Xu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Colonoscopy is the standard and most effective screening tool for colonic diseases and the accuracy of colonoscopy depends on the quality of bowel preparation. The aim of this study was to analyze the risk factors for poor bowel preparation before colonoscopy.Methods: In this retrospective study, patients who underwent colonoscopy from January 2018 to December 2018 were included. Polyethylene Glycol Electrolytes Powder (Ⅳ) + simethicone was used for bowel preparation. Patient- and procedure-related parameters were recorded. The primary outcome was the quality of bowel preparation. Risk factors for poor bowel preparation were identified using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 6720 patients were included in the present study. The mean age of these patients was 49.69±12.96 years old. There were 3467 (51.59%) males. Inadequate bowel preparation was found in 233 (12.37%), 139 (6.42%), 131 (6.96%), 68 (8.6%) patients in spring, summer, autumn and winter respectively. On the multivariate analysis, age, sex, inpatient status and the season when colonoscopy was performed were the independent risk factors for poor bowel preparation. Using winter as a reference, patients in spring had a worse bowel preparation, while patients in summer were more easily to have adequate colon preparation. There is no statistically significant difference between bowel preparation in autumn.Conclusions: Male, inpatient status and spring season were the independent risk factors for poor bowel preparation. Compared with autumn and summer, patients in spring may need intensive bowel preparation. Male patients and inpatients should receive more enhanced instructions for bowel preparation.
Searching for chromate replacements using natural language processing and machine learning algorithms
Authors: Zhao Shujing , Birbilis Nick 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The past few years has seen the application of machine learning utilised in the exploration of new materials. As in many fields of research – the vast majority of knowledge is published as text, which poses challenges in either a consolidated or statistical analysis across studies and reports. Such challenges include the inability to extract quantitative information, and in accessing the breadth of non-numerical information. To address this issue, the application of natural language processing (NLP) has been explored in several studies to date. In NLP, assignment of high-dimensional vectors, known as embeddings, to passages of text preserves the syntactic and semantic relationship between words. Embeddings rely on machine learning algorithms and in the present work, we have employed the Word2Vec model, previously explored by others, and the BERT model – applying them towards a unique challenge in materials engineering. That challenge is the search for chromate replacements in the field of corrosion protection. From a database of over 80 million records, a down-selection of 5990 papers focused on the topic of corrosion protection were examined using NLP. This study demonstrates it is possible to extract knowledge from the automated interpretation of the scientific literature and achieve expert human level insights.
Research on longitudinal vibration suppression of underwater vehicle shafting based on particle damping
Authors: Liu Jie , Deng Tianyang , Chang Xingshan , Sun Feng , Zhou Jianhui 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A particle damper is applied to suppress the longitudinal vibration of underwater vehicle shafting in order to reduce vibration level and improve silence and stealth of underwater vehicles. The model of rubber-coated steel particle damper was established with discrete element method and PFC3D simulation software, the damping energy consumption law of collision and friction between particle and damper and between particle and particle investigated, the effects of particle radius, mass filling ratio, cavity length, excitation frequency, excitation amplitude, rotating speed and both stacking and motion states of particles on the system vibration suppression were discussed, and the bench test was carried out to verify the law. It revealed the mechanism of longitudinal vibration suppression of particle damping, established the intrinsic relationship between of total energy consumption of particle and vibration of system, and put forward the evaluating method of longitudinal vibration suppression effect by total energy consumption of particle and vibration reduction ratio. The research results show that the mechanical model of particle damper is reasonable and the simulation data is reliable; the rotating speed, mass filling ratio and cavity length have significant effects on the total energy consumption of particle and vibration reduction ratio.
Triglyceride-Glucose Index and the Incidence of Stroke: A Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies
Authors: Liao Canlin , Xu Haixiong , Jin Tao , Xu Ke , Xu Zhennan , Zhu Lingzhen , Liu Mingfa 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Insulin resistance has been confirmed to be involved in atherosclerosis pathogenesis. As a new indicator, the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has greater operability in the evaluation of insulin resistance. Previous studies have shown inconsistent results in evaluating the association between TyG index and stroke incidence in people without stroke at baseline. Therefore, this study was to systematically assess the association by conducting a meta-analysis.
Methods
Cohort studies on TyG index and stroke were obtained by searching the PubMed, the Cochrane Library (CENTRAL) and EMBASE databases. The multivariate-adjusted correlation of end points was studied, including TyG index and stroke (including ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke) or ischemic stroke. Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 16 were adopted for meta-analysis.
Results
Eight cohort studies with 5,719,098 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that participants with the highest TyG index category at baseline, compared to those with the lowest TyG index category, were independently associated with a higher risk of stroke [Hazard ratio (HR): 1.32, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.22–1.43, I2 = 32%, P < 0.00001]. Subgroups analysis remained that study designs, ethnicity and characteristics of participants had no subgroup effects (for subgroup analysis, all P༞0.05), except outcome report(stroke or ischemic stroke) which suggested that it may had a stronger effect on the association(χ2 = 4.78, P = 0.03).
Conclusions
A higher TyG index may be independently associated with a higher risk of stroke in people without stroke at baseline. Keywords: Triglyceride-glucose index, Insulin resistance, stroke, Meta-analysis
Predictors of knowledge on menopausal symptoms: the case of Debre Berhan town, Amhara region, Ethiopia
Authors: Getahun Tomas , Elefachew Awoke , Abebe Yonas , Habtemichael Mizan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Menopause is the permanent absence of menstruation. It is a phase in women’s health with multiple symptoms that can affect the overall well-being and quality of life. After pregnancy, women do not have a special place in the health care system and receive less attention. In Ethiopia, we know little about the population’s knowledge of menopausal symptoms. Therefore, this study assessed knowledge of menopausal symptoms and its predictors among middle-aged women in Debre Berhan town.Method: Community based cross-sectional study was done from March 6 to 30, 2020 in Debre Berhan town. Multistage random sampling was used to select the sample size. The Data was entered into Epi data version 3.1 then exported to Statistical Package for Social Science version 25 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions were employed and variables at p-value < 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval were identified as significant factors. Results: The level of knowledge of menopausal symptoms was 23.3%. Place of residency, women's educational status, woman's wealth quintile had a statistically significant association with the knowledge level of menopausal symptoms. Conclusion: The level of knowledge of menopausal symptoms was low. Integrating menopausal health within the health promotion and education programs would be crucial.
Review of cardiac safety in onasemnogene abeparvovec gene therapy: translation from preclinical to clinical findings
Authors: Chand Deepa , Sun Rui , Diab Karim , Kenny Damien , Tukov Francis Funyuy 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Human gene therapies such as onasemnogene abeparvovec (OA) use recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors to treat monogenic disorders. The heart and liver are known target organs of toxicity in animals; with cardiac and hepatic monitoring recommended in humans after OA dosing. This manuscript provides a comprehensive description of cardiac data from preclinical studies and all clinical sources following intravenous OA administration through 23 November 2021. Single dose mouse GLP-Toxicology studies revealed dose-dependent cardiac findings including thrombi, myocardial inflammation and degeneration/regeneration, which were associated with early mortality (4–7 weeks) in the high dose groups. No such findings were documented in non-human primates (NHP) after 6 weeks or 6 months post-dose. No electrocardiogram or echocardiogram abnormalities were noted in NHP or humans. After OA dosing, some patients developed isolated elevations in troponin without associated signs/symptoms; the reported cardiac adverse events in patients were considered of secondary etiology (e.g. respiratory dysfunction or sepsis leading to cardiac events). Clinical data indicate cardiac toxicity observed in mice does not translate to humans. SMA in itself, has been associated with cardiac events. Healthcare professionals should use medical judgement when assessing cardiac events post OA dosing so as to consider all possibilities and manage the patient accordingly.
Paraoxonase 1 status is a major Janus-faced component of mild and moderate acute ischemic stroke and consequent disabilities
Authors: Brinholi Francis F , Michelin Ana Paula , Matsumoto Andressa Keiko , Semeão Laura de O. , Almulla Abbas F. , Supasitthumrong Thitiporn , Tunvirachaisakul Chavit , Barbosa Decio S. , Maes Michael 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Aims: This study aims to examine the associations between paraoxonase 1 (PON)1 status and acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and consequent disabilities.Methods: This study recruited 122 patients with AIS and 40 healthy controls and assessed the Q192R gene variants, arylesterase (AREase) and chloromethyl phenylacetate (CMPAase) activities, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) in baseline conditions. AREase and CMPAase were measured 3 months later. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and the modified Rankin score (mRS) were assessed at baseline and 3 and 6 months later.Results: Reduced CMPAase and increased AREase activities are significantly associated with AIS and mRS and NIHSS scores (baseline and 3 and 6 months later). The best predictor of AIS/disabilities was a decrease in the z-unit-based composite zCMPAase-zAREase score. Serum high density lipoprotein cholsterol (HDL) was significantly correlated with CMPAase, but not AREase, activity and a lowered zCMPAase+zHDL score was the second best predictor of AIS/disabilities. Regression analysis showed that 34.7% of the variance in baseline NIHSS was explained by zCMPAase-zAREase and zCMPAase+zHDL composites, HDL, and hypertension. Neural network analysis showed that stroke was differentiated from controls with an area under the ROC curve of 0.975 using both new composite scores, PON1 status, hypertension, dyslipidemia, previous stroke as body mass index. The PON1 Q192R genotype has many significant direct and mediated effects on AIS/disabilities, however, its overall effect was not significant.Discussion: PON1 status and the CMPAase-HDL complex play key roles in AIS and its disabilities at baseline and 3 and 6 months later.
Study on metal-rubber contact behavior based on a reconstructed 3D topography of contact surface
Authors: Fu Hailong , Wang Yue , Huang Congcong , Zou Longqing 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In frictional wear study of shaft seal, a refined description of contact surface topography is needed, but it is difficult to directly obtain the contact characteristics like the actual contact area and the corresponding contact states due to a tiny contact gap of metalrubber contact. Traditionally, a measuring observation apparatus is used to collect the surface information during the dynamic contact, but is limited by the accuracy and more cost. In this paper, a new method is proposed to investigate a refined contact area of rubber surface during the dynamic contact through reconstructing the micro topography. A metal-rubber contact model is established based on the coordinate cloud built by the height distribution function of the asperities. According to the model, the finite element simulation on metal-rubber contact is conducted in ANSYS APDL and the frictional contact behavior under different roughness is discussed. The result shows there is a power exponent relation between the actual contact area and the external pressure, and four contact states, no contact, initial contact, adhesion contact and sliding contact, exist in the process. It gives an effective way to determine the dynamic actual contact area in the frictional wear study of rubber material, and offers an effective modelling method with quantitative scale to study the micro contact properties for rigid-flexible contact situations.