bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing two advance care planning conversation activities to motivate advance directive completion in underserved communities across the United States: The Project Talk Trial study protocol for a cluster, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Scoy Lauren Van , Levi Benjamin , Bramble Cindy , Calo William , Chinchilli Vernon , Currin Lindsey , Grant Denise , Hollenbeak Christopher , Katsaros Maria , Marlin Sara , Scott Allison , Tucci Amy , VanDyke Erika , Waserman Emily , Witt Pamela , Green Michael 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Advance care planning (ACP) is a process involving conversations between patients, loved ones, and healthcare providers that consider patient preferences for the types of medical therapies received at the end of life. Underserved populations, including Black, Hispanic, rural, and low-income communities are less likely to engage in ACP than other communities, a health inequity that results in lower quality care and reduced hospice utilization. The purpose of this trial is to compare efficacy of two interventions intended to motivate ACP (particularly advance directive completion) for those living in underserved communities. Methods: This 3-armed cluster, randomized controlled mixed methods design is being conducted in 75 community venues in underserved communities across the US. The goal of the trial is to compare the efficacy of two interventions at motivating ACP. Arm 1 uses an end-of-life conversation game (Hello); Arm 2 uses a nationally utilized workshop format for ACP conversations (The Conversation Project); and Arm 3 uses an attention control game (TableTopics). Events are held in partnership with 75 local community-based host organizations and will involve 1500 participants (n=20 per event). The primary outcome is completion of a visually-verified advance directive at 6 months post-event. Primary analyses compare efficacy of each intervention to each other and the control arm. Secondary mixed methods outcomes include: a) other ACP behaviors and engagement; b) communication quality; c) impact of sociocultural environment on ACP (via qualitative interviews); and d) implementation and sustainability. Subgroup analyses examine outcomes for Black, Hispanic, and rural groups in particular.Discussion: This trial will add to the evidence base behind various conversational ACP interventions, examine potential mechanisms of action for such interventions, and provide qualitative data to better understand the sociocultural environment of how community-based ACP interventions are experienced by underserved populations. Results will also provide important data for future researchers to learn whether visual verification of advance directives is necessary or whether reliance on self-reported outcomes is of comparable value. Data from this study will inform ways to effectively motivate underserved communities to participate in advance care planning.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04612738. Registered on October 12, 2020.
Application of Information Teaching in Vocal Music Assisted Practice in Mobile Internet Era
Authors: Liu Shengnan , Wang Xu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Vocal music practices using the internet and mobile computing rely on the distinguishable pitch, note, and musical library information for ease of understanding. For addressing this problem an Assisted Data Processing Model for Tutor Function (ADPM-TF) is projected in this article. The proposed model learns the user requirements and their improvements based on training hours. The learned inputs are validated for the mishandled tutor sessions for identifying errors. The tutor assistance based on independent and joint (fused) data is recommended by the neural network learning based on previous session user performance/ rating. This process is streamlined depending on the user preference and switching ability over various sessions. The performance is validated using the metrics assistance ratio, error, processing time, and fusion rate.
Quality of life, depressive symptoms and stress in patients with end-stage renal disease: a comparison of renal replacement therapy modalities
Authors: CHENG LU , Yang Zheng , Tong Jiayu , Lin Qian , Liu Yongguang , Ying Jiaoqian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Aims: Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) face various physical and mental limitations resulting from different renal replacement therapy (RRT) modalities. Renal transplantation (Tx) is considered as the treatment that impacts most on health-related quality of life (HRQOL). This study aimed to analyze and compare the HRQOL, depressive symptoms and stress in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD), peritoneal dialysis (PD) and Tx.Methods: A single-center cross-sectional sample of 32 HD patients, 22 PD patients and 147 Tx patients participated in our questionnaire survey. Measurements for this study included the MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Perceived Stress Scale 14 (PSS-14). Multivariate regression models, including a linear regression model and an ordinal logistic regression model, were employed to analyze health differences among patients undergoing HD, PD and Tx.Results: Tx patients showed better results of PCS (P=0.002) and PSS-14 (P=0.046), compared to HD patients. There was no significant difference among three different RRT modalities regarding the scores of MCS, while the Tx group significantly suffered from milder depressive symptoms than the other two groups (P<0.001). The scores of PCS were associated with age, and the scores of PSS-14 were associated with RRT modality, education level and type of insurance. The variables associated with severity of depressive symptoms were occupation status and RRT modality.Conclusions: Tx patients had better HRQOL and psychological well-being. RRT modality, education level and type of insurance were significant factors of psychological well-being of ESRD patients. Multiple measures performed to examine the psychological well-being of ESRD patients need to be developed.
Clinical Application Analysis of Modified Thoracolumbar Spine Injury Classification Scoring System
Authors: Lu Wenjie , Deng Yuanguo , Zhang Jiaming , Jiang weiyu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: To propose a modified TLISC system with reference to the Thoracolumbar Injury Classification and Severity Score (TLICS) and prospectively study the feasibility of its guiding clinical treatment. Methods: The study cohort population was 120 patients with thoracolumbar segment fractures admitted to the Department of Spine Surgery of the Sixth Hospital of Ningbo from December 2019 to June 2021, all within one week after fracture, with fracture segments of T11-L2 segments, 68 males and 52 females, aged 22-65 (36.7±5.7) years. The fracture morphology, neurological status, posterior ligament complex (PLC) integrity and disc injury status were combined to assess the fracture severity and formulate clinical treatment strategies based on the total score (T, 0-12 points). The anterior height of the injured spine before and after treatment, the posterior convexity Cobb angle, the VAS score and the spinal nerve function classification and recovery were compared. Results: Based on the scores, 28 cases were finally treated conservatively and 92 cases were treated surgically. Of the 92 surgically treated patients, 8(8.7%) were treated with an anterior approach, 81 (88.0%) with a posterior approach, and 3 (3.3%) with a combined anterior-posterior approach. All patients were followed up for 11 to 27 months [(19.2 ± 4.6) months] after discharge from the hospital. The VAS score at the last follow-up after treatment was 1.94±0.52, the height ratio of the anterior margin of the injured spine was 87.10±7.17%, the sagittal index was 90.35±7.72%, and the Cobb angle was 3.05±0.97 degrees, which were not statistically different from 1 month after treatment (P>0.05) and statistically different from before treatment (P<0.05), and the neurological functional status also had The neurological functional status also improved to different degrees. At the last follow-up, there were 2 cases of broken pedicle screws and no case of broken rods, and 7 cases of pedicle screws with different degrees of wear and cut in the vertebral body, manifesting as mild or severe low back pain. Conclusion: The modified TLICS scoring system is practical in the assessment of thoracolumbar fracture staging and injury degree, and has certain guiding significance for clinical treatment.
Effect of three feed rations on lipid profile and productive parameters in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus)
Authors: Collantes Henry Herrera , Ramos José Niño , Vargas-Rocha Luis , Pajares Severino Torrel 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
The present investigation was carried out to evaluate productive variables (feed intake, feed conversion, and weight gain), cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the blood of guinea pigs fed different feed rations.
Methods
We worked with 45 male guinea pigs of the Peru breed, weaned at 21 days of age, randomly distributed in three groups of 15 guinea pigs and three replicates each, where the control treatment (T0) was fed only alfalfa, the first experimental treatment (T1) with alfalfa and balanced feed in proportions of 3:1, respectively, and the second experimental treatment (T2) with Ryegrass and balanced supplement, also in a 3:1 ratio.
Results
At the end of the study (nine weeks), average live weights of T0 = 917.67 g, T1 = 948.13 g, and T2 = 911.60 g were obtained; average feed intake on a dry matter basis (DM) per guinea pig/day was increasing (T0 = 59.3 g, T1 = 60.96 g, and T2 = 65.51 g), with a feed conversion of 6.89, 6.59 and 7.57 for T0, T1, and T2, respectively; likewise, guinea pig live weight gain/day was 8.54 g for T0, 9.13 g for T1 and 8.58 for T2. As for cholesterol, the lowest value was obtained in T0 (40.7 mg/dL), and triglycerides were lower in T2 (54.6 mg/dL).
Conclusions
The guinea pigs fed with alfalfa and concentrate supplement have a higher weight gain and feed conversion; however, they have high levels of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood, unlike guinea pigs fed with Rye Grass and alfalfa; the latter had the lowest values.
Initial Treatment Is Associated With Improved Survival and End- Of-Life Outcomes for Patients With Pancreatic Cancer: A Cohort Study
Authors: Khan Rishad , Salim Misbah , Tanuseputro Peter , Hsu Amy T. , Coburn Natalie , Hallet Julie , Talarico Robert , James Paul D. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
We describe the association between initial treatment and end-of-life (EOL) outcomes among patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).
Methods
This population-based cohort study included patients with PDAC who died from April 2010-December 2017 in Ontario, Canada using administrative databases. We used multivariable models to explore the association between index cancer treatment (no cancer-directed therapy, radiation, chemotherapy, surgery alone, and surgery and chemotherapy), and primary (mortality, healthcare encounters and palliative care) and secondary outcomes (location of death, hospitalizations, and receipt of chemotherapy within the last 30 days of life).
Results
In our cohort (N = 9,950), 56% received no cancer-directed therapy, 5% underwent radiation, 27% underwent chemotherapy, 7% underwent surgery alone, and 6% underwent surgery and chemotherapy. Compared to no cancer-directed therapy, radiation therapy (HR = 0.63), chemotherapy (HR = 0.43) surgery alone (HR = 0.32), and surgery and chemotherapy (HR = 0.23) were all associated with decreased mortality. Radiation (AMD=-3.64), chemotherapy (AMD=-6.35), surgery alone (AMD=-6.91), and surgery and chemotherapy (AMD=-6.74) were all associated with fewer healthcare encounters per 30 days in the last 6 months of life. Chemotherapy (AMD=-1.57), surgery alone (AMD=-1.65), and surgery and chemotherapy (AMD=-1.67) were associated with fewer palliative care visits (all p-values for estimates above < 0.05). Treatment groups were associated with lower odds of institutional death and hospitalization at EOL, and higher odds of chemotherapy at EOL.
Conclusions
Receiving cancer-directed therapies was associated with higher survival, fewer healthcare visits, lower odds of dying in an institution and hospitalization at EOL, fewer palliative care visits, and higher odds of receiving chemotherapy at EOL.
Who will treat older patients? Should medical education focus more on activities aimed at displaying positive attitudes towards older people? The prevalence of ageism among students of medical and health sciences
Authors: Podhorecka Marta , Husejko Jakub , Woźniewicz Agnieszka , Pyszora Anna , Kędziora-Kornatowska Kornelia 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

In the conditions of an aging society, a justification is found to explain the issue of the attitude of future health care workers, who are to care for elderly people in the future, towards these people, which will make it possible to predict in advance what problems related to the care of seniors may soon arise. After clarifying this issue, it will be important to distinguish the individual factors influencing this attitude in order to determine which social phenomena will require special attention. 803 medical and health sciences students participated in the research from various fields of medical studies. A Survgo system was used, where an online questionnaire was placed and then posted in social media. Only students of medicine and healthcare facilities participated in the study. The first questionnaire contained socio-demographic questions. Then, the KOAP questionnaire and Welch's t-test were used, and finally the proprietary questionnaire on contact with seniors. Analyses were conducted using the R Statistical language. Scores on the KAOP questionnaire ranged from 122.4 to 134.57. The highest scores were shown for physiotherapy students and the lowest for pharmacy students. The highest level of attitude towards elderly was reported in students of 1st to 3rd year of study. For 4th-5th year or supplementary level students, attitude levels were decreasing. Welch's t-test showed that the level of attitude towards old people in men was significantly higher than in women. There was no significant correlation between the age factor on the quotient scale and the KOAP score. Married individuals had significantly higher KAOP scores compared to singles and those in an informal relationship. No significant differences between the study stage factor and KAOP score have been found. Those who live and/or have regular contact with the elderly were characterized by higher KAOP questionnaire scores. The attitude towards the elderly depends on many factors, such as the chosen field of study, stage of education, contact with the elderly, gender or marital status. In order to develop proper contact with seniors, the solution may be to influence modifiable factors, especially the correct education of future health care workers.
Elephant Herd Optimization Algorithm for Optimal power flow model incorporating with PV and Wind
Authors: M Manorajapaul , Moses M. Leeban , Kannan R 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

In the paper, an enhanced optimal technique is proposed for solving the optimal power flow (OPF) issues with uncertainties. An enhanced technique is the EHO calculation, which is roused bythe crowding conduct of elephant gathering. Originally, the OPF is examinedwith the (N-R) Newton-Raphson (N-R) approach after that, the wind and PV based power scheduling is performed. For the wind and PV analysis, the output power is determined from the Weibull PDF and Lognormal PDF. Initially, the objective functionis defined and analyzed the voltage deviation, power loss and generation cost. For the OPF analysis, multi-objective functions are considered under the uncertainty period. The activities are decided for various reasons depending on the variable costs of building photovoltaic and wind farms, radiation, discharge costs, transmission disturbances and voltage stability. The suggested procedure is tested with the IEEE 57 bus system and analyzed the corresponding emission coefficients, generation cost coefficients and etc.
Modeling and Optimization in turning of PA66-GF30% and PA66 using Multi-Criteria Decision Making (PSI, MABAC and MAIRCA) methods: a comparative study
Authors: Haoues Sabrina , Yallese Mohamed Athmane , Belhadi Salim , Chihaoui Salim , Uysal Alper 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Semi-crystalline polymers are widely used in modern industry. Indeed, they are highly coveted because of their excellent compromise between advantageous mechanical properties, high lightness, good productivity and low cost. In this work, a modeling study of performance parameters such as; (Ra), (Fz), (Pc) and (MRR) was carried out using the surface response methodology (RSM). The machining operations were performed dry on two polyamides (PA66-GF30% and PA66) following the L9 (3 3 ) orthogonal array. The results were used to perform a mono-objective optimization based on the Taguchi signal-to-noise ratio (S/N). In addition, a comparative study between three multi-objective optimization methods MCDM (PSI, MABAC and MAIRCA) coupled with the Taguchi approach was realized. The target objective is to reduce (Ra, Fz and Pc) and maximize (MRR) simultaneously. The results found are original and can help researchers working in the field of machining polyamides with and without reinforcement.
The proportion of thyroid cancer and other cancers in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
Authors: Kakamba John Bukasa , Bayauli Pascal , Bangolo Ayrton , Mbunga Branly , Iyese Francis , Nkodila Aliocha , Atoot Ali , Anand Gaurav , Chaudhary Maimona , Fernandes Pamela Q. , Mannam Hari PSS. , Polavarapu Adithya , Junnissa Mera , Azhar Abdullah , Alichetty Mohan N. , Singh Gauravdeep , Arana Georgemar V. , Singh Manbir , Rodriguez-Castro José D. , Atoot Adam , Weissman Simcha , M’buyamba Jean Rene 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Cancer diagnosis is increasing around the world and in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). The frequency of thyroid cancer has increased over the past three decades. There are very few studies on cancer epidemiology, and in particular on thyroid cancer in the DRC. This study aims to establish the most recent frequency and proportion of thyroid cancer in the DRC compared to other cancers.Methods: This is a retrospective and descriptive study of 6,106 consecutive cancer cases listed in the pathological registers of 4 laboratories in the city of Kinshasa. This study included all cancer cases recorded in the registers between 2005 and 2019. Results: From a sample of 6,106 patients, including all cancer types, 68.2% cases were female and 31.2% were male. Breast and cervical cancer were the most common types of cancer in women and, prostate and skin cancer were the most common types in men. Thyroid cancer was sixth in frequency in women and eleventh in men compared to all cancers. Papillary carcinoma was the most common of thyroid cancers. Rare cancers such as anaplastic and medullary thyroid carcinomas had a frequency of 7% and 2%, respectively.Conclusion: Newer diagnostic tools led to a surge in cancer diagnoses in the DRC. Thyroid cancer has more than doubled its frequency over the last several decades in the country. Trial registration: Our research protocol has obtained the approval of the national health ethics committee of the DRC, number 197/CNES/BN/PMMF/2020.
Sequent Depth Ratio of a Sill-Controlled B-jump on Sloping Beds
Authors: Hajibehzad Manoochehr Shokrian , Bejestan Mahmood Shafai 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the sequent depth ratio of a sill-controlled B-jump on sloping beds was investigated. Experiments were carried out to characterize the effect of the different design parameters such as the sill height, sill position relative to the jump toe, and chute slope on the sequent depth ratio under various up - and downstream hydraulic conditions. By applying the momentum conservation principle, a generalized relationship to estimate the sequent depth ratio was deduced. This analysis demonstrated that the sequent depth ratio depends on the upstream Froude number, the chute slope, the jump toe location on the chute, the sill height and its position, and the tail-water depth. Furthermore, the energy dissipation efficiency of a sill-controlled B-jump resulted greater than that for a free B-jump. Based on results of this investigation, the sill-controlled B-jump can be used as a novel alternative to the classical hydraulic jump to reduce cost where the length of the stilling basin must be shortened due to site restrictions and arrangement.
High precision, high throughput generation of droplets containing single cells
Authors: Zhou Jiande , Wei Amaury , Bertsch Arnaud , Renaud Philippe 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The generation of single-cell biological assays has become a strategic need for fundamental and clinical studies. Droplet microfluidics being sensitive, high throughput, and low cost, has been widely adopted for single-cell assays. However, precise manipulation of single cells using droplet microfluidics is still limited by the intrinsic randomness during single cell encapsulation, known as the Poisson limitation. It results in ambiguous single-cell assays with considerable cell losses. Here we present a novel cell-triggered splitting (CTS) method for deterministic and passive single cell encapsulation into droplets. We demonstrated the high efficacy (negligible cell loss) and high specificity (high cell loading percentage) of this method. With a simple working principle, this passive and label-free method reaches an unprecedented throughput of more than 3k Hz for droplet sorting, corresponding to 22,000 cell-loaded droplets per minute with less than 3% false events (empty droplets or doublets), a 100-fold improvement compared to existing label-free active droplet sorting methods. This asynchronous method requires no flow tuning and provides a general solution to different application scenarios, from high throughput encapsulation to manipulation of small cell populations. This method also applies to the encapsulation of other deformable particles such as hydrogel beads. The novel versatile tool may impact applications in single-cell sequencing, cell-cell/cell-bead interaction, and rare cell isolation. This passive and deterministic single-cell encapsulation method provides a practical solution to overcome the long-existing difficulty associated with the Poisson limit.