bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The importance of sustained compliance with physical distancing during COVID-19 vaccination rollout
Authors: Teslya Alexandra , Rozhnova Ganna , Pham Thi Mui , van Wees Daphne A. , Nunner Hendrik , Godijk Noortje G. , Bootsma Martin , Kretzschmar Mirjam E. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Increasing vaccination coverage against SARS-CoV-2 enabled relaxation of lockdowns in many countries in Europe. As the vaccination rollouts progressed, the public health authorities were seeking recommendations on the continuation of physical distancing measures during ongoing vaccination rollouts. Compliance with these measures was declining while more transmissible virus variants have emerged.

Methods
We used a SARS-CoV-2 transmission model to investigate the feedback between compliance, infection incidence, and vaccination coverage. We quantified our findings in terms of cumulative number of new hospitalisations three and six months after the start of vaccination.

Results
Our results suggest that the combination of fast waning compliance in non-vaccinated individuals, low compliance in vaccinated individuals, low vaccine efficacy against infection and more transmissible virus variants may result in a higher cumulative number of new hospitalisations than in a situation without vaccination. These adverse effects can be alleviated by deploying behavioural interventions that should preferably target both vaccinated and non-vaccinated individuals. The choice of the most appropriate intervention depends on vaccination rate and vaccine efficacy against infection.

Conclusions
Supplementary behavioural interventions aiming to boost compliance to physical distancing measures can improve the outcome of vaccination programmes, until vaccination coverage is sufficiently high. For optimal results, these interventions should be selected based on the vaccine efficacy against infection and expected vaccination rate. While we considered the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2, the qualitative effects of the interplay between infectious disease spread and behavior on the outcomes of a vaccination programme can be used as guidance in a future similar pandemic.
A survey of cyber attacks on blockchain based IoT systems for industry 4.0
Authors: Dixit Aarju , Trivedi Aditya , Godfrey W. Wilfred 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe industry 4.0 revolution leads by technologies such as distributed digital ledgers, big data processing techniques, automation, and the internet of things (IoT). The interest in the industrial internet of things (IIoT) has progressed rapidly with huge internet areas such as research, academics, and industries. Through a decentralised and distributed approach blockchain and IIoT ensure maximum security. In the distributed approach, every block is chained together with each other. This paper presented a survey on industry 4.0 and blockchain‐based systems. The integration of blockchain, IoT devices, and industry 4.0 provides security, transparency, and scalability to the system. The paper also addresses many types of cyber attacks and possible solutions for blockchain based industrial internet of things (BIIoT) systems.
A hybrid model for value‐added process analysis of manufacturing value chains
Authors: Song Jingwen , Wang Aihui , Liu Ping , Li Daming , Han Xiaobo , Yan Yuhao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn the digital era, realising intelligent digital transformation is a major challenge in the manufacturing field. Digital transformation means bringing more profit appreciation. To improve the analysis reliability of value‐added processes, this study proposes a method for assessing enterprises value‐adding activities. For this purpose, a hybrid model is constructed based on data and mathematics, bridged by a server. The research builds an element group model that identifies data from different sources, and also gives a mathematical model to describe the relationship of the supply, marketing and service. Taking an automobile manufacturing value chain as an example, to theoretically analyse the composition of value‐added activities. Then, the assembly process of an automobile manufacturing plant was used as a value‐added case study. The simulation results show the impact of changing production layout and product handling angle on the whole value chain. The study can provide new ideas for the intelligent digital transformation of the manufacturing industry.
Conditional differential analysis on the KATAN ciphers based on deep learning
Authors: Lin Dongdong , Li Manman , Hou Zezhou , Chen Shaozhen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractKATAN ciphers are block ciphers using non‐linear feedback shift registers. In this study, the authors improve the results of conditional differential analysis on KATAN by using deep learning. Multi‐differential neural distinguishers are built to improve the accuracy of the neural distinguishers and increase the number of its rounds. Moreover, a conditional differential analysis framework is proposed based on deep learning with the multi‐differential neural distinguishers, resulting in a significant improvement than the previous. We present a practical key recovery attack on the 97‐round KATAN32 with 215.5 data complexity and 220.5 time complexity. The attack of the 82‐round KATAN48 and 70‐round KATAN64 are also presented as the best known practical results.
Impact of anomalous surface boundary conditions on the planar negative‐refractive index lens
Authors: Eccleston Kimberley W. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIt is shown that anomalous boundary conditions at the surface of a negative‐refractive‐index metamaterial planar lens severely diminishes the resolution of the lens when its relative permittivity and permeability are both −1. Anomalous boundary conditions arise in practical microwave metamaterials that are typically a periodic array of identical unit cells comprising dielectric and conducting elements. For a unit‐cell size much smaller than the wavelength, homogenised permittivity and permeability are the constituent parameters of the average fields. Average fields vary on a scale larger than the unit cell size compared to localised fields associated with the constituent elements. Unlike the tangential components of the localised field, tangential components of the average fields are discontinuous across the surface of such materials. This anomalous boundary condition at the lens surface must be described by generalised sheet transition conditions. This study develops expressions for the negative‐refractive‐index lens optical transfer functions, as a function of spatial frequency, for transverse‐electric waves, that account for anomalous surface boundary conditions. Both the simulations and experimental data are used to verify the expressions at a frequency of 3 GHz.
An analysis on the preliminary benefits of aquaculture smart aeration control
Authors: Lin Chi‐Yuan , Shen Yu‐Tang , Tsai Yong‐An , Chen Chao‐Chien 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAquaculture in Taiwan is characterised by high breeding densities of up to five times higher than the normal breeding densities. Pollution in the breeding environment and its adjacent waters have exacerbated the occurrence of disease outbreaks in fish, shrimp and shellfish, which greatly impacted the economy. Therefore, the parameters pertaining to water quality status, especially dissolved oxygen are particularly important. In addition to the rising cost of labour, land, infrastructure and other materials, the capital needed to engage in aquaculture has risen, whereas the profits have decreased. This limits the growth of aquaculture and fisheries. To overcome this problem, it is essential to shift towards efficient and ecologically precise smart aquaculture. The application of industrialised and smart systems in the vertical diffusion and in‐depth integration of aquaculture facilitates decision‐making, improves the level of intelligence in breeding, and enhance aquaculture's contribution to Taiwan's economy.
Three-Dimensional (3D) Device Architectures Enabled by Oxidative Chemical Vapor Deposition (oCVD)
Authors: Gleason Karen K. 
Published: November 2022

For fabricating devices with three-dimensional (3D) architectures, oxidative chemical vapor deposition (oCVD) offers conformal nanocoatings of polymers with designable composition. Pure, uniform, and pinhole-free oCVD layers are achievable with sub-10 nm thickness and sub-1 nm roughness. The low substrate temperature used for oCVD allows direct deposition on to the thermally sensitive substrates desired for flexible and wearable devices. The oCVD polymers can graft to the underlying material. The covalent chemical bonds to the substrate create a robust interface that prevents delamination during the subsequent device fabrication steps and exposure to the environmental conditions of device operation. Both electrically conducting and semiconducting polymers have been synthesized by oCVD. Small ions act as dopants. The oCVD process allows for systematic tuning of electrical, optical, thermal, and ionic transport properties. Copolymerization with oCVD can incorporate specific organic functional groups into the resulting conjugated organic materials. This short review highlights recent examples of using oCVD polymer to fabricate organic and hybrid organic–inorganic devices. These optoelectronic, electrochemical, and sensing devices utilize 3D architectures made possible by the conformal nature of the oCVD polymers.IntroductionoCVD Chemistry and ProcessOptoelectronic DevicesElectrochemical DevicesSensing DevicesConclusions and Outlook
Severe Left Atrial Spontaneous Echo Contrast in Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation: Clinical Characteristics and Impact on Ischemic Risk Postablation
Authors: Wang Hao , Xi Siqi , Chen Jindong , Zhao Liang , Gan Tian , He Ben 
Published: November 2022

Background Spontaneous echo contrast (SEC) is an important precursor for intracardiac thrombus and stroke. There are very limited data on characteristics of severe SEC and its impact on ischemic risk of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) patients after radiofrequency catheter ablation.
Methods Transesophageal echocardiography files were reviewed between March 2009 and March 2021 in this monocentric retrospective study. SEC was classified into four levels. The primary endpoint was thromboembolic event (stroke, myocardial infarction, systemic embolism, and ensuing death), and the secondary endpoint included nonischemic mortality and recurrent atrial arrhythmia.
Results Six hundred SEC cases were enrolled and classified into mild SEC group (Grade 1–2, n = 515) and severe SEC group (Grade 3–4, n = 85). Independent risk factors for severe SEC included higher brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and LAd/∆LVED (LAd = left atrial diameter; ∆LVED = left ventricular end-diastolic diameter − left ventricular end-systolic diameter). The severe SEC group had a higher peri-procedural ischemic event occurrence (7.1 vs. 1.9%, p = 0.007). At a median follow-up of 55 months, the severe SEC group had a lower freedom rate from ischemic events (90.1 vs. 75.3%, p < 0.001); older age and severe SEC were independent risk factors for ischemic events. In patients undergoing redo-procedure (n = 100), a remarkably reduced ESR (17.8 ± 12.0 vs. 28.2 ± 19.0 mm/h, p < 0.001) was observed in patients whose SEC disappeared.
Conclusion Higher BNP, ESR, and LAd/∆LVED were the independent predictors for severe SEC. Severe SEC was associated with higher peri-procedural and long-term ischemic risks. ESR and LAd/∆LVED, as indicators of hematological and hemodynamic change, seemed helpful in identifying NVAF patients prone to developing severe SEC.
Association between Sports Participation, Factor VIII Levels and Bleeding in Hemophilia A
Authors: Bukkems Laura H. , Versloot Olav , Cnossen Marjon H. , Jönsson Siv , Karlsson Mats O. , Mathôt Ron A.A. , Fischer Kathelijn 
Published: November 2022

Background Little is known on how sports participation affects bleeding risk in hemophilia. This study aimed to examine associations between sports participation, factor VIII (FVIII) levels and bleeding in persons with hemophilia A.
Methods In this observational, prospective, single-center study, persons with hemophilia A who regularly participated in sports were followed for 12 months. The associations of patient characteristics, FVIII levels, and type/frequency of sports participation with bleeding were analyzed by repeated time-to-event modelling.
Results One hundred and twelve persons (median age: 24 years [interquartile range:16–34], 49% severe, 49% on prophylaxis) were included. During follow-up, 70 bleeds of which 20 sports-induced were observed. FVIII levels were inversely correlated with the bleeding hazard; a 50% reduction of the baseline bleeding hazard was observed at FVIII levels of 3.1 and a 90% reduction at 28.0 IU/dL. The bleeding hazard did not correlate with sports participation. In addition, severe hemophilia, prestudy annual bleeding rate, and presence of arthropathy showed a positive association with the bleeding hazard.
Conclusion This analysis showed that FVIII levels were an important determinant of the bleeding hazard, but sports participation was not. This observation most likely reflects the presence of adequate FVIII levels during sports participation in our study. Persons with severe hemophilia A exhibited a higher bleeding hazard at a similar FVIII levels than nonsevere, suggesting that the time spent at lower FVIII levels impacts overall bleeding hazard. These data may be used to counsel persons with hemophilia regarding sports participation and the necessity of adequate prophylaxis.
Impact of Dentine Pretreatment with Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors on Bond Strength of Coronal Composite Restorations: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of In Vitro Studies
Authors: Jamal Hasan , Yaghmoor Rayan , Abed Hassan , Young Anne , Ashley Paul 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMatrix metalloproteinase (MMP) enzymes participate in collagen matrix degradation, including in dentine, potentially compromising bond strength. Therefore, MMP inhibitors have been hypothesized to improve restoration bond strength and stability. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the influence of different MMP inhibitors applied as dentine surface pretreatments on the immediate (24 hours) and longer term (months) bond strength of direct coronal composite restorations. This systematic literature review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. A systematic literature search of three databases (Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, and Google Scholar) was conducted independently by two reviewers from inception to April 2022. An adapted quality assessment tool was independently applied by two reviewers for risk of bias assessment. RevMan v5.4 software was used for meta-analyses. A randomeffectsmodel was used to generatemean differences with 95% confidence intervals for treatment and control comparisons. The Q-test and I2-test were used to test for heterogeneity. The proportion of total variance across studies attributable to heterogeneity rather than chance was calculated. Overall effects were tested using the Z-test, while subgroup differences were tested using Chi-squared tests. Of 934 studies, 64 studies were included in the systematic review and 42 in the meta-analysis. Thirty-one MMP inhibitors were reported, three of which were included in the meta-analysis: 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), 0.3M carbodiimide (EDC), and 0.1% riboflavin (RIBO). Pretreatment with 2% CHX for 30 and 60 seconds did not significantly improve bond strength compared with controls either immediately or after long-termageing. However, pretreatment with 0.3MEDC and 0.1% RIBO (but not CHX) significantly improved bond strength compared with control groups both immediately and over time. Most studies showed a medium risk of bias. These in vitro findings pave the way for rationale clinical trialing of dentine surface pretreatment with MMP inhibitors to improve clinical outcomes.
Possible Targets to Reduce Fatigue in Chronic Immune Thrombocytopenia Patients – An Explorative Study
Authors: van Dijk Wobke E.M. , Nap-van der Vlist Merel M. , Knoop Hans , Schutgens Roger E.G. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground Fatigue in immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is frequent and burdensome, but we lack the knowledge to help these patients.Aim The aim of the study is to explore the role of disease activity and other potentially modifiable factors in fatigue.Method This cross-sectional study included adult chronic ITP patients (n = 59). Univariable linear regression (corrected for confounders) was used to determine the relationship between disease activity (platelet count <30 × 109/L or treatment), disease-specific factors (bleeding symptoms, ferritin), and transdiagnostic factors (FACT-G physical/functional/emotional/social well-being subscales, physical activity level, and vitamin D) and fatigue (Checklist Individual Strength fatigue subscale). Several multivariable models with clustered sets of variables were used to compare the proportion of explained variance of fatigue (adjusted R 2).Results Significant relations with moderate effect sizes (>0.50) were found for physical and functional well-being and fatigue, and physical activity and fatigue. Other significant relations with fatigue (effect size 0.30–0.47) included skin and organ bleeding, emotional and social well-being, vitamin D, and disease activity. Notably, the models with disease activity and disease-specific factors explained <20% of the variance in fatigue, while the models with transdiagnostic factors (functioning and physical activity) explained >50%. Vitamin D alone explained 12% of the variance in fatigue.Conclusion Transdiagnostic (non-disease-specific) rather than disease-specific factors explained a large part of the variance in ITP-related fatigue. Many factors related to fatigue are potentially modifiable and should be investigated as targets for interventions.
Accuracy of Ophthalmology Clinic Follow-Up in the Incarcerated Patient Population
Authors: Abou-Jaoude Michelle M. , Crawford Jessica , Kryscio Richard J. , Moore Daniel B. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose Incarcerated patients represent a uniquely vulnerable population in the outpatient ophthalmology setting, and the reliability of follow-up in this group is undetermined.
Methods This was a retrospective, observational chart review of consecutive incarcerated patients evaluated at the ophthalmology clinic of a single academic medical center between July 2012 and September 2016. For each encounter the following were recorded: patient age, gender, incarcerated status at the time of encounter (a subset of patients had encounters before/after incarceration), interventions performed, follow-up interval requested, urgency of follow-up, and actual time to subsequent follow-up. Primary outcome measures were no-show rate and timeliness, which was defined as follow-up within 1.5× the requested period.
Results There were 489 patients included during the study period, representing a total of 2,014 clinical encounters. Of the 489 patients, 189 (38.7%) were seen once. Of the remaining 300 patients with more than one encounter, 184 (61.3%) ultimately did not return and only 24 (8%) were always on time for every encounter. Of 1,747 encounters with specific follow-up requested, 1,072 were considered timely (61.3%). Factors significantly associated with subsequent loss to follow-up include whether a procedure was performed (p < 0.0001), urgency of follow-up (p < 0.0001), incarcerated status (p = 0.0408), and whether follow-up was requested (p < 0.0001).
Conclusion Almost two-thirds of incarcerated patients in our population requiring repeat examination were lost to follow-up, particularly those who underwent an intervention or required more urgent follow-up. Patients entering and exiting the penal system were less likely to follow-up while incarcerated. Further work is needed to understand how these gaps compare to those in the general population and to identify means of improving these outcomes.
Reliability of the Sigmoid Notch Classification of the Distal Radioulnar Joint
Authors: D'Sa Heathcliff , Willing Ryan , Murray Tim , Rowan Kevin , Grewal Ruby , King Graham , Daneshvar Parham 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background The Tolat sigmoid notch classification is a commonly used classification to characterize the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ). This classification was based on a limited assessment of the entire joint, which may lead to inaccuracies in sigmoid notch evaluation.
Questions/Purposes The purpose of this study is to assess the reliability of the Tolat classification for sigmoid notch characterization.
Methods The sigmoid notch of 52 models of cadaveric forearms was assessed by applying the Tolat classification to the three-dimensional (3D) modeled notch and then slices at the start of the notch (0 mm) and 4 mm more proximal. The inter- and intrarater agreement was assessed using Cohen's and Fleiss' kappa statistic.
Results Agreement between iterations regardless of slices or surgeons/radiologists was moderate. Intrarater agreement between pairs of slices (0 vs 4 mm, 0 mm vs 3D, 4 mm vs 3D) was moderate, whereas agreement between all slices was slight. Agreement between surgeons and between radiologists was moderate, while agreement across all raters and slices was fair. Models described as “other” were more consistent in 3D classifications and were commonly classified as a reverse ski slope.
Conclusions Classification using the Tolat scheme is fair to moderate at best. Classification of the sigmoid notch using an axial view of the distal radius may not accurately reflect the anatomy throughout the notch.
Clinical Relevance The Tolat classification supplies a limited analysis of the sigmoid notch, and does not represent a comprehensive evaluation of the entire joint. Future classification systems should characterize the entire sigmoid notch.
How default effects and decision timing affect annuity uptake and health consciousness
Authors: Unger Franziska , Steul-Fischer Martina , Gatzert Nadine 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAnnuities provide a lifelong income stream and can therefore help individuals to mitigate the risk of outliving their savings, a highly topical issue in the context of increasing life expectancies. Given that real-world annuitization rates remain relatively low, we investigate the influence of behavioral biases on people’s choice between a lifelong annuity and a lump sum payout. In so doing, we focus on the impact of default effects due to a preselected annuity option (default option) and the impact of the decision’s timing (decisions on annuitization taken by younger individuals refer to a distant future, those taken by older individuals to a near future) on annuity uptake and health consciousness. We used a scientific survey panel to conduct an online experiment with a diversified sample of 339 participants (55.2% female, average age = 42.5 years). Our results show that the timing of the decision moderates the default effect on annuity uptake, in that the effect of a preselected (default) annuity option is stronger for distant-future decisions (i.e., choice of annuity instead of lump sum at retirement made by younger participants purchasing a deferred annuity) than for near-future decisions made by older individuals who are closer to retirement. We further find that the default effect moderates health consciousness after choosing an annuity. Health consciousness is stronger in the no-default condition than in the annuity default condition.