bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing Guidelines On Code Status Conversations With Older Adults Upon Hospital Admission: Results From A Survey Of Experienced Healthcare Professionals
Authors: Sterie Anca-Cristina , Poncin Emmanuelle , Jox Ralf J. , Truchard Eve Rubli , Major Kristof 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Shared decision-making is the cornerstone of patient-physician communication on life-sustaining therapies, such as cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Nevertheless, the application of these standards to everyday medical practice in hospitals is limited. Our objective was to establish clear and comprehensive recommendations for junior physicians in our hospital regarding code status conversations. Methods: Provisional recommendations about CPR discussions between physicians and adult patients upon hospital admission were informed by a rapid review of the literature, and sent to 146 experienced healthcare professionals in French-speaking Switzerland, who were asked to evaluate each recommendation quantitatively and qualitatively, and to provide additional recommendations. Results: Based on a review of 53 articles, we formulated 11 provisional recommendations, which were evaluated by a panel of 39 experienced healthcare professionals. Overall agreement with all submitted recommendations was high (85%). Recommendations pertaining to physicians clarifying patients’ understanding of their medical state and prognosis at the start of the discussion, and approaching CPR in the context of goals of care, striving to clarify the patient’s values, purposes, preferences and expectations, had the greatest approval rate and were considered most important. Disagreement mostly concerned the need to discuss CPR with all patients. Conclusions: Our set of approved recommendations advocate a model of informed, shared decision making that reflect both the medical indication and patients’ life plans. These recommendations will serve as basis for devising a training for resident physicians, and will be adapted for other health professionals.
Suppression of the Long Non-Coding RNA LINC01279 Triggers Autophagy and Apoptosis in Lung Cancer by Regulating FAK and SIN3A
Authors: su wenmei , Wu Jiancong , Huang Xiaobi , Li Xiaofang , Zhou Honglian , Chen Xiaorao , Chen Yongyang , Huang Jian , Huang Hanqing , Huang Zhong , Chen Guoan , Zhang Jian , Yang Zhixiong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs play critical roles in the development of lung cancer by functioning as tumor suppressors or oncogenes. Changes in the expression of LINC01279 have been associated with cell differentiation and human diseases. However, the mechanism underlying LINC01279 activity in tumorigenesis is not clear. Here, we analyzed the function of LINC01279 in lung adenocarcinoma using clinical samples, xenografts, and non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines. We found that LINC01279 is highly expressed in lung adenocarcinoma and may be considered as a predictive factor for this cancer. Knockdown of LINC01279 prevents tumor growth in xenografts and in cancer cell lines by activating autophagy and apoptosis. Molecularly, we revealed that LINC01279 regulates the expression of focal adhesion kinase and extracellular-regulated kinase signaling. In addition, it complexes with and stabilizes the transcriptional co-repressor SIN3A protein. Suppression of focal adhesion kinase and SIN3A also induces apoptosis and prevents tumor progression, suggesting that they may at least in part mediate the oncogenic activity of LINC01279. These results identify LINC01279 as a possible oncogene that plays an important role in the development of lung cancer. Our findings provide insights into the mechanism underlying LINC01279-mediated oncogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma. They may help to discover potential therapeutic targets for cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
What Contributes To Quality Of Life In Patients With Episodic And Chronic Cluster Headache?
Authors: Cappon Davide , Bakar Norazah Abu , Torkamani Mariam Asma , Matharu Manjit , Jahanshahi Marjan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Cluster headache (CH) limits daily activities as well as social and family life, worsening quality of life (QoL). There is a paucity of research on what factors, other than pain and disability, influence QoL in Chronic CH (CCH) and Episodic CH (ECH). This study compares the potential contribution of several psychosocial variables to QoL in CCH and ECH and investigates the association of QoL with measures of pain, disability, psychiatric symptoms, psychological health, and functional well-being.Methods: 167 patients with CCH and 239 with ECH were assessed. QoL was measured with the CH-QoL, a reliable and valid disease-specific measure of QoL in CH. Measures of psychological health (self-esteem, perceived stigma, acceptance of illness), functional well-being (in professional, social, and private life), and psychiatric symptoms (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, General Health Questionnaire-28, Beck Hopelessness Scale, Starkstein Apathy Scale) as well as pain (McGill Pain Questionnaire, Pain Behaviour Checklist), and disability (HDI, HIT-6, MIDAS) were obtained. Results: Individuals with CCH reported poorer QoL than those with ECH in terms of “restrictions of activities of daily living” and “mood and interpersonal relationships”. Patients with CCH and ECH who had a higher level of disability had significantly worse QoL. Patients with low self-esteem and those who reported less acceptance of their disease and reported higher perceived stigma had significantly worse QoL. Additionally, CCH and ECH patients with psychiatric comorbidities, such as anxiety, depression, hopelessness, and apathy had poorer QoL. QoL was correlated with measures of psychosocial functioning, disability, and psychiatric comorbidity.Conclusions: CH has a greater psychosocial impact on CCH patients than on ECH patients, as evidenced by significantly worse ratings for the former on all disability, mood, psychological health, functional well-being and QoL measures. In addition to managing physical pain, treating the psychiatric, psychological, and social factors associated with cluster headaches may be useful in preventing and lessening the long-term impact of CH on QoL. Our findings highlight additional factors to consider in the clinical management of CH and to incorporate in cognitive behavioral therapy with CH patients to reduce disability and the psychosocial impact of CH on daily life.
Robotic Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) for Low- and Intermediate Risk Localized Prostate Cancer. Feasibility, Outcome and Toxicity.
Authors: Grün Arne , Böhmer Dirk , Senger Carolin , Kalinauskaite Goda , Kufeld Markus , Budach Volker , Ehrhardt Vincent 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background To analyze outcome and toxicity of 41 consecutive patients with localized low- and intermediate risk prostate cancer treated with CyberKnife-Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy. Patients and Methods Patient selection and treatment protocol was according to (but not on) the PACE-trial protocol. Staging was in accordance with the German S3-guideline for prostate cancer. Prior to treatment, four gold-fiducials were implanted into the prostate. All patients received MRI-based prostate SBRT with 4 x 9.5 Gy (n=10) or 5 x 7.25 Gy (n=31). Toxicity was scored using the IPSS, ICIQ and IIEF-5 questionnaires. FU was every 3 months for 2 years and every 6 months onwards. Results With a median follow-up of 40.7 months, overall survival was 100% and progression-free survival 98%. One patient had a biochemical recurrence and was subsequently diagnosed and treated for lymphatic oligo-metastases. There was a non-statistical increase in toxicity after SBRT. Due to a TUR-P for urinary retention, there was one case of grade 3 toxicity. Mean PSA dropped from 9.4 ng/ ml to a mean of 2.4 ng/ml in year two of follow up and 0.1 ng/ml in year five with the greatest decrease within 6 months after SBRT. Conclusion In a cohort of 41 patients with predominantly intermediate risk localized prostate cancer, we could show that Cyberknife-Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy is feasible with very good tumor control and an only moderate and statistically non-significant increase in toxicity. Our results strengthen the case for Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy as a primary treatment option for patients with low and intermediate risk prostate cancer.
Regioselective 1,2-Carbosulfenylation of Unactivated Alkenes via Directed Nickel Catalysis
Authors: Zhu Lin , Meng Xiao , Xie Leipeng , Shen Qiuyang , Li Wenyi , Zhang Lanlan , Wang Chao 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A bidentate directing group-assisted Ni-catalyzed three component 1,2-carbosulfenylation of unactivated alkenes with aryl/alkenyloronic acids and disulfide electrophiles is reported. The reaction affords the desired products with high levels of chemo- and regioselectivity. A wide range of aryl groups and sulfur moieties can be simultaneously installed in both internal and terminal homoallylic amines with excellent functional group tolerance. Notably, the alkene substrates with a chiral center at α-position furnish α,γ-dibranched thiolamines with high diastereoselectivity and enantioselectivity that would otherwise be difficult to synthesize. The generality and scability could make this method attractive for preparing complex organosulfur compounds.
Helicobacter pylori Infection Mediates Transcriptional Alteration of Genes Involved in DNA Damage Response
Authors: Rajaei Amiratabak , Ghameshlou Armin , Shirkoohi Reza , Farahani Abbas Shakoori , Mirbagheri Seyedeh Zohre , Bakhtiari Ronak , Haeri Melikasadat , Rashidi-nezhad Ali , Alebouyeh Masoud 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Gastritis is among the most common human diseases worldwide. Although the involvement of Helicobacter pylori infection as a class I human carcinogen for gastric cancer progression is accepted, it is not well known how gastritis progression to atrophy and stomach cancer occurs. In this case-control study, the potential link of H. pylori infection with alteration in the transcription of genes involved in DNA Damage Response pathways was investigated among the patients with gastritis. Methods: To measure the difference in relative mRNA expression level of ATM, CHEK2, TP53, DCLRE1C, POLM, XRCC4 genes between H. pylori infected and non-infected patients, gastric biopsies of 30 H. pylori infected patients with moderate chronic gastritis and 30 non-infected patients with mild chronic gastritis were analyzed. Results: Up-regulation of genes linked to non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway (DCLRE1C, POLM, and XRCC) was shown in 40% (8.44 fold ±13.91), 63.33% (15.72 fold ±33.08) and 50% (9.99 fold ±21.55), respectively, and also to DDR pathway (ATM, CHEK2 and TP53) in 33% (2.42 fold ±3.17), 40% (2.86 fold ±3.61) and 50% (5.00 fold ±6.52), respectively. No correlation was detected among alteration in the transcription level of the studied genes and age or gender.Conclusion: Our results provide new data that may support the potential involvement of H. pylori infection in the activation of genes involved in DNA damage response, mainly through non-homologous end joining DNA repair system that might be linked to mutagenesis in the pre-cancerous gastric tissue.
Time to sputum conversion in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis: A score to estimate the infectious period.
Authors: Ramirez-Hidalgo Maria , Trujillano-Cabello Javier , Esplugues-Vidal Adrià , Reñé-Reñé Mercé , Santin Miguel , Sanchez-Montalva Adrián , Bernet-Sanchez Albert , Gros-Naves Laura , Falguera Miquel 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) disease and positive sputum cultures are the main source of infection. Culture conversion time is inconsistent and defining the length of respiratory isolation is challenging. The objective of this study is to develop a score to predict the length of isolation period.
Methods
A retrospective study was carried out to evaluated risk factors associated with persistent positive sputum cultures after 4 weeks of treatment in 229 patients with PTB. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to determinate predictors for positive culture and a scoring system was created based on the coefficients of the final model.
Results
Sputum culture was persistently positive in 40.6%. Fever at consultation (1.87, 95% CI:1.02–3.41), smoking (2.44, 95% CI:1.36–4.37), > 2 affected lung lobes (1.95, 95% CI:1.08–3.54), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio > 3.5 (2.22, 95% CI:1.24–3.99), were significantly associated with delayed culture conversion. Therefore, we assembled a severity score that achieved an area under the curve of 0.71 (95% CI:0.64–0.78).
Conclusions
In patients with smear positive PTB, a score with clinical, radiological and analytical parameters can be used as a supplemental tool to assist clinical decisions in isolation period.
Citizen-science map of the vaginal microbiome
Authors: Lebeer Sarah , Ahannach Sarah , Wittouck Stijn , Gehrmann Thies , Eilers Tom , Oerlemans Eline , Condori Sandra , Dillen Jelle , Spacova Irina , Donck Leonore Vander , Masquiller Caroline , Bron Peter , Beeck Wannes Van , De Backer Charlotte , Donders Gil , Verhoeven Veronique 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The vaginal microbiome is crucial for women’s health and reproduction, but its ecology and determinants in the general population are still unclear. This lack of a reference framework hampers much-needed innovations in diagnostics and therapeutics. Here, we remotely mapped the vaginal microbiome of 3,345 women in Western Europe via a citizen-science approach. More than 75% of the vaginal samples were dominated by Lactobacillus taxa, but not in discrete community state types. Compositional correlation network analysis validated with public data pointed at six main modules of interacting microbes: a Lactobacillus crispatus-, Lactobacillus iners-, Gardnerella-, Prevotella-, Anaerococcus-, and gut-derived module. In the first module, Limosilactobacillus taxa were functionally connected to L. crispatus and Lactobacillus jensenii. This module was positively associated with the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and negatively with the number of vaginal complaints, while the Gardnerella-module was associated with discharge and increasing age. Contraceptives with oestrogen correlated with higher levels of the L. crispatus- and less of the Gardnerella-module, with the opposite found for a hormonal intrauterine device or having multiple partners. Mothers had lower relative abundance of the L. crispatus-module and more Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus gasseri and Streptococcus. Other covariates such as BMI, menstrual pads and cups, smoking and dietary habits were also associated with the microbial constellation. These findings suggest that lifestyle interventions have potential to improve vaginal health when combined with dedicated therapies.
Etiological and Seasonal trend in Cardiovascular Disorder displays potential risk contributing towards the development of myocardial infarction
Authors: Patel Jai Chand , Gupta Apoorv , Waidha Kamran Manzoor , Kumar Ashish , Sharma Gunjan , Sardana Satish , Katare Deepshikha Pande , Sharma Arun K. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Seasonal variations in human cardiovascular system are known to play a key role in the onset of many maladies. Behavioural and environmental factors act as confounding variables, failing to address such variables makes it challenging to measure the true temporal impact of these diseases. Conversely, numerous clinical investigations suggest that only certain groups of people are more seasonal sensitive and their maladaptation can contribute to a range of sicknesses. Therefore, it is crucial to assess the etiological and seasonal sensitive patterns among cardiovascular diseases (CVD) affecting most of the human population. For this study, it was hypothesized that cardiovascular and related disorders have strong associations with seasonal sensitive physiological changes. Data mining was performed to extract the relevant information on the association between cardiovascular and related diseases. Disease ontology-based semantic similarity network (DSN) analysis was performed to narrow down the consequent CVDs. Furthermore, topological analysis was carried out to predict the seven CVDs in three clusters including myocardial infarction. Further, these seven CVDs were assessed for their seasonal sensitivity and temporal association among themselves using Mann-Kendall and cox-Stuart analyses. Moreover, temporal associations were verified using LOESS and TBATS. While seasonal decomposition was assessed by autocorrelation and fast Fourier transform outcomes. The study provides indirect evidence of severe seasonal cardiovascular comorbidity among the three cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, and atherosclerosis, which are all prevalent in the world population. While two other CVDs i.e. hypertension and heart failure were also identified, with minor temporal trends. Hence, all five diseases could be classified as seasonal cardiovascular comorbid diseases (SCCD). Furthermore, these diseases could be studied for potential common risk factors such as biochemical, genetic, and physiological factors.
Impact of Covid-19 pandemic on Prevalence of complaints related to violence against women in India - A cross-sectional comparative research study from 2014 to 2022?
Authors: Kumar Piyush , Anupama Advocate 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Violence against women is a global problem, affecting women around the world irrespective of age, races, education, ethnicity, groups, economy classes and nationalities. Sometimes in situation of disaster like covid-19 pandemic it may be a life-threatening situation for an individual woman. In India due to a huge female population, illiteracy, equity issues, gender issues, religious issues, lack of positive deviance, illiteracy, socio-economic factors, migration after marriage and in search of job from rural to urban areas, inaccessibility to seek legal help, the safety of women is of prime concern. The key aim of this observational retrospective cross-sectional comparative mixed research study is to find out impact of SARS-CoV-2/Covid-19 Pandemic era on Prevalence of complaints of violence against women in India, across 36 different states and union territories from the beginning of the pandemic i.e. January 2020 and comparing it with previous six pre-pandemic years. The objective is to find out that the ongoing covid-19 pandemic years has a positive or negative effect over prevalence of complaints of violence against women. Data from NCW (National Commission for Women) which set up by Act No. 20 of 1990 of Govt. of India as constitutional/ legislative body in January 1992 under the (National Commission for Women) NCW Act, 1990, is extracted, observed, analysed for this research study with Microsoft office and stata software. The period of study is from January 2014 to 2022 December (projected). This is an observational retrospective cross-sectional comparative mixed research study. The ongoing three years of covid-19 pandemic i.e. 2020 and 2021, 2022 is compared to previous pre-pandemic years to know the impact of covid-19 on complaints of violence against women in India. Increase in prevalence of complaint of violence against women in India is revealed in this research study during covid-19 pandemic years as compared to pre-pandemic era under observation except 2014. During the 2021, second year of covid-19 pandemic the total numbers of violence complaint Report of the Complaints Received by NCW was 30865 which is an increase by 55.03 percent compared to 2018 and 56.43% as compared to 2019. This research study found that National Commission for Women is expected to receive 35287 complaints of crimes committed against women in 2022 as per current trends, the highest in the last eight years. The barriers in delivery of legal and protective system and helpful services etc. should be rectified. A proper dynamic plan for women protection services working even in pandemics and natural disasters should be enforced and implemented.
The role of Emergency Medicine Interest Groups in the development of Emergency Medicine: A case of MUST-EMIG in Uganda
Authors: Kajjimu Jonathan , Odakha Justine Athieno , Nakachwa Janat , Kaginda Beneth Tusiime , Makai Conrad , Karungi Annet , Lubega Frank , Tukamuwebwa Jespa , Kakande Reagan , Lyon Mary Ellen , Tagg Andrew 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background Emergency medicine (EM) is a new specialty in Uganda since 2017 which is currently actively engaged in improving its emergency care system. To build a strong emergency care system, it is important to have a critical mass of specially trained health professionals with the skillset and dedication to work in emergency departments. There is no current formal EM undergraduate curriculum and so most undergraduates do not get the chance to interact with the new specialists and to gain interest. The MUST-EMIG was established to bridge this gap. This study was done to assess the contribution of MUST-EMIG towards the development of this critical mass. Objectives 1. Discover students' reasons for joining the Mbarara University of Science and Technology Emergency Medicine Interest Group (MUST-EMIG). 2. Assess whether interest in learning emergency medicine was affected by participation in MUST-EMIG. 3. Evaluate plans to pursue emergency medicine as a specialty before and after joining MUST-EMIG. 4. Determine whether MUST-EMIG affected students’ perception of emergency medicine’s importance in Uganda’s health care system. 5. Elicit feedback from students on their experience as members of MUST-EMIG. MethodsThe MUST-EMIG executive developed a membership survey which was reviewed by MUST-EMIG’s faculty advisor for suitability. Members of MUST-EMIG were voluntarily asked to participate in the online survey. Results of the survey were summarized using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis.Results49 responses (46.7% response rate) were collected and analysed. Participants included 29 (59.2%) male and 20 (40.8%) female medical students. The majority of participants were fourth year students 22 (44.9%). 44 (89.8%) students joined MUST-EMIG to learn how to handle medical emergencies, and expressed a desire of at least 6/10 to learn more about emergency medicine after utilising opportunities provided by MUST-EMIG. Overall, students had a good experience with MUST-EMIG. They reported that our interest group had provided them networking, unique learning, and leadership opportunities. Having an EMIG significantly affects students’ desire to pursue a career in emergency medicine and their perception of the relevance of emergency medicine. ConclusionAn EMIG helps develop interest of medical students in emergency medicine. Students passionate about emergency medicine need to be supported to help them preserve and further develop this passion.