bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Turning and Sitting in Early Parkinsonism: Differences Between Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Associated with Parkinsonism and Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Mostile Giovanni , Contrafatto Federico , Terranova Roberta , Terravecchia Claudio , Luca Antonina , Sinitò Martina , Donzuso Giulia , Cicero Calogero E. , Sciacca Giorgia , Nicoletti Alessandra , Zappia Mario 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundDifferential diagnosis between idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) associated with parkinsonism (iNPH‐P) and Parkinson's disease (PD) may prove difficult when evaluating patients with early parkinsonism. The objective of this study was to evaluate differences in mobility during standardized tasks between iNPH‐P and PD.MethodsWe selected 21 iNPH‐P and 21 pharmacologically untreated PD patients. They all performed the instrumented Timed Up and Go test at the time of diagnosis.ResultsTurning tasks showed longer duration and lower speed in iNPH‐P than in PD. Vertical variation in acceleration during the sit‐to‐stand phase was lower in iNPH‐P patients, whereas the duration of the stand‐to‐sit phase was longer. On walking, iNPH‐P showed smaller stride length and a longer gait cycle duration. In multivariate analysis adjusting for age and cognitive status as potential confounders, average angular speed on turning before sitting was the discriminating parameter between the two groups.ConclusionsPatients with iNPH‐P showed specific abnormal mobility performances with respect to untreated PD, specifically during the turning‐to‐sitting transition.
Oral edaravone demonstrated a favorable safety profile in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis after 48 weeks of treatment
Authors: Genge Angela , Pattee Gary L. , Sobue Gen , Aoki Masashi , Yoshino Hiide , Couratier Philippe , Lunetta Christian , Petri Susanne , Selness Daniel , Bidani Sachin , Hirai Manabu , Sakata Takeshi , Salah Alejandro , Apple Stephen , Wamil Art , Kalin Alexander , Jackson Carlayne E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroduction/AimsAn intravenous (IV) formulation of edaravone has been shown to slow the rate of physical functional decline in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). An oral suspension formulation of edaravone was recently approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for use in patients with ALS. This study assessed the safety and tolerability of oral edaravone.MethodsThis global, open‐label, phase 3 study evaluated the long‐term safety and tolerability of oral edaravone in adults with ALS who had a baseline forced vital capacity ≥70% of predicted and disease duration ≤3 y. The primary safety analysis was assessed at weeks 24 and 48. Patients received a 105‐mg dose of oral edaravone in treatment cycles replicating the dosing of IV edaravone.ResultsThe study enrolled 185 patients (64.3% male; mean age, 59.9 y; mean disease duration, 1.56 y). The most common treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) at week 48 were fall (22.2%), muscular weakness (21.1%) and constipation (17.8%). Serious TEAEs were reported by 25.9% of patients; the most common were worsening ALS symptoms, dysphagia, dyspnea, and respiratory failure. Twelve TEAEs leading to death were reported. Forty‐six (24.9%) patients reported TEAEs that were considered related to study drug; the most common were fatigue, dizziness, headache, and constipation. Sixteen (8.6%) patients discontinued study drug due to TEAEs. No serious TEAEs were related to study drug.DiscussionThis study indicated that oral edaravone was well tolerated during 48 wk of treatment, with no new safety concerns identified.
Severity and correlates of brain fog in people with traumatic brain injury
Authors: Bell Tyler , Crowe Michael , Novack Thomas , Davis Richard D. , Stavrinos Despina 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBrain fog is one symptom that has been underexplored in traumatic brain injury (TBI). We explored the cognitive and affective correlates of brain fog in people with symptomatic mild TBI (n = 15), moderate‐to‐severe TBI (n = 15), and a healthy control group (n = 16). Measures across the studies assessed “brain fog” (Mental Clutter Scale), objective cognition (Useful Field of View® and Cogstate Brief Battery®), post‐concussive symptoms (Post‐Concussion Symptom Scale), and depressive symptoms (Profile of Moods Scale). Brain fog was higher in symptomatic mild TBI and moderate‐to‐severe TBI compared with healthy controls. Greater brain fog corresponded to greater depressive symptoms in symptomatic mild TBI. Greater brain fog corresponded to poorer episodic memory and working memory in moderate‐to‐severe TBI. Brain fog appears to reflect challenges in recovery, including depressive symptoms and worse cognitive function. Screening for brain fog might be worthwhile in people with brain injuries.
Robot‐assisted rehabilitation training improves knee function and daily activity ability in older adults following total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Cai Libai , Liu Yanjin , Wei Zexu , Liang Hao , Liu Yangyang , Cui Miaoran 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo evaluate the effects of robot‐assisted rehabilitation training on knee function and the daily activity ability of older adults following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Eighty‐eight patients who underwent TKA were randomly assigned to a robot‐assisted rehabilitation or traditional therapy group. The patients in the control group were treated with traditional manual rehabilitation therapy, while the patients in the experimental group were subjected to the robot‐assisted rehabilitation program. Range of motion of the knee joint, Hospital for Special Surgery Knee Rating Score, and the modified Barthel Index were assessed on the first or second day after TKA (preintervention) and the discharge day (postintervention). Additionally, the length of hospital stay and related hospitalization expenses of the two groups were collected on the discharge day. Improvements in the active range of motion (p < 0.001), passive range of motion (p = 0.001), Hospital for Special Surgery Knee Rating Score (p < 0.001), and modified Barthel Index score (p = 0.004) were significantly better in the robot‐assisted rehabilitation group than in the traditional therapy group. Interestingly, the length of hospital stay in the experimental group (9 days) was shorter than that in the control group (13 days), and the total cost of hospitalization was lower (p = 0.002). The robot‐assisted rehabilitation training program is an effective intervention that significantly improves the daily activity ability and knee function of older adults following TKA.
Clinical practice guidelines on interventional management of low back pain: A synthesis of recommendations
Authors: Olivier Timothy J. , Konda Chaitanya , Pham Tri , Baltich Nelson Becky , Patel Ankit , Sharma G. Sunny , Trivedi Kavita , Annaswamy Thiru M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo summarize the recommendations on the interventional management of subacute and chronic nonradicular low back pain (LBP) from the 21 quality‐appraised clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) identified in a previously published paper: “Quality of Clinical Practice Guidelines on Interventional Management of Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review.” By disseminating this information, we aimed to facilitate the implementation of these recommendations into clinical practice.TypeSystematic ReviewLiterature SurveyElectronic bibliographic databases, guideline databases, and gray literature were searched from January 2016 to January 2020 to identify CPGs that met study criteria.MethodologyA total of 21 CPGs were quality appraised and interventional management recommendations were extracted and organized into several treatment categories including epidural steroid injections, radiofrequency procedures (RF), facet injections, sacroiliac injections, and prolotherapy. Within each treatment category, the recommendations were organized based on two factors: quality of CPG and strength of recommendation.SynthesisOverall, there was no consistency in recommendations for or against any interventional procedure, even when accounting for the quality of the CPG. In all of the CPGs reviewed, the most common strength of recommendation was weakly for. The second, third, and fourth most common strength of recommendations were inconclusive, weakly against, and strongly against, respectively, and the least common was strongly for. The treatment categories with the greatest number of recommendations were RF procedures (most common strength of recommendation was weakly for) and facet procedures. Among the high‐quality CPGs, the most common strength of recommendation was inconclusive.ConclusionsMost of the interventional management recommendations for management of nonradicular LBP in the 21 CPGs appraised in this review were either weakly for, weakly against, or inconclusive, with several recommendations within each treatment category contradicting each other. Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation Instrument quality appraisals of CPGs on interventional management of LBP were of unclear utility in guiding clinical implementation.
Genital Lichen Sclerosus and Melanoma; A Systematic Review
Authors: Sim Sharmaine J. Y. , Dear Katherine , Mastoraki Evanthia , James Mariel , Haider Aiman , Ellery Peter , Freeman Alex , Alnajjar Hussain M. , Muneer Asif , Watchorn Richard , Kravvas Georgios , Bunker Christopher B. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Lichen sclerosus (LSc) is a chronic, inflammatory, destructive skin disease with a predilection for the genitalia (GLSc). An association with vulval (Vu) and penile (Pe) squamous carcinoma (SCC) is now well established but melanoma (MM) has only rarely been reported complicating GLSc.

Methods
We have performed a systematic literature review of GLSc in patients with genital melanoma (GMM). Only articles that mentioned both GMM and LSc affecting either the penis or vulva were included.

Results
Twelve studies with a total of 20 patients were included. Our review shows that an association of GLSc with GMM has been more frequently reported in women and female children than men viz, 17 cases compared with three. It is notable that five of the cases (27.8%) concerned female children aged under twelve.

Discussion
These data suggest a rare association between GLSc and GMM. If proven, there arise intriguing questions about pathogenesis and consequences for counselling of patients and follow-up.
Competitive Registration Fields for The Development of Complex Block Copolymer Structures by A Layer‐by‐Layer Approach
Authors: Demazy Nils , Argudo Pablo G. , Fleury Guillaume 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBlock copolymer (BCP) self‐assembly in thin films is an elegant method to generate nanometric features with tunable geometrical configurations. By combining directed assembly and hybridization methods, advances in nano‐manufacturing have been attested over the past decades with flagship applications in lithography and optics. Nevertheless, the range of geometrical configurations is limited by the accessible morphologies inherent to the energy minimization process involved in BCP self‐assembly. Layering of nanostructured BCP thin films has been recently proposed in order to enrich the span of nanostructures derived from BCP self‐assembly with the formation of non‐native heterostructures such as double‐layered arrays of nanowires or dots‐on‐line and dots‐in‐hole hierarchical structures. In this work, the layer‐by‐layer method is further exploited for the generation of nano‐mesh arrays using nanostructured BCP thin films. In particular, a subtle combination of chemical and topographical fields is leveraged in order to demonstrate design rules for the controlled registration of a BCP layer on top of an underneath immobilized one by the precise tuning of the interfacial chemical field between the two BCP layers.
Insights into Electrolytic Pre‐Lithiation: A Thorough Analysis Using Silicon Thin Film Anodes
Authors: Haneke Lukas , Pfeiffer Felix , Bärmann Peer , Wrogemann Jens , Peschel Christoph , Neumann Jonas , Kux Fabian , Nowak Sascha , Winter Martin , Placke Tobias 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPre‐lithiation via electrolysis, herein defined as electrolytic pre‐lithiation, using cost‐efficient electrolytes based on lithium chloride (LiCl), is successfully demonstrated as a proof‐of‐concept for enabling lithium‐ion battery full‐cells with high silicon content negative electrodes. An electrolyte for pre‐lithiation based on γ‐butyrolactone and LiCl is optimized using boron‐containing additives (lithium bis(oxalato)borate, lithium difluoro(oxalate)borate) and CO2 with respect to the formation of a protective solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on silicon thin films as model electrodes. Reversible lithiation in Si||Li metal cells is demonstrated with Coulombic efficiencies (CEff) of 95–96% for optimized electrolytes comparable to 1 m LiPF6/EC:EMC 3:7. Formation of an effective SEI is shown by cyclic voltammetry and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). electrolytic pre‐lithiation experiments show that notable amounts of the gaseous product Cl2 dissolve in the electrolyte leading to a self‐discharge Cl2/Cl− shuttle mechanism between the electrodes lowering pre‐lithiation efficiency and causing current collector corrosion. However, no significant degradation of the Si active material and the SEI due to contact with elemental chlorine is found by SEM, impedance, and XPS. In NCM111||Si full‐cells, the capacity retention in the 100th cycle can be significantly increased from 54% to 78% by electrolytic pre‐lithiation, compared to reference cells without pre‐lithiation of Si.
One‐Step Synthesis of Light Metal Nanoparticle from Metastable Complex
Authors: Zou Ren , Zhang Weijin , Dai Min , Lei Gangtie , Jiang Qike , Cao Hujun , Chen Ping 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMetal nanoparticles have attracted considerable scientific and technological interest in recent years, most related explorations and reports are focused on transition and noble metals. However, the synthesis and application of light metal nanoparticles represented by Mg have not been fully exploited, limited by their ultrahigh reactivity in air and preparation in harsh conditions. In this work, a simple and effective one‐step organic solvent‐assisted ball‐milling process is developed to synthesize Mg and Li nanoparticles, which permits the formation of MgH2 in a hydrogen atmosphere in a one‐step reaction process at ambient temperature. Further studies suggest that acetone chemisorbs on defects/surfaces of Mg during ball milling leading to the formation of a metastable magnesium complex, which significantly alters the physical and chemical characteristics of Mg grains. The formation of metastable complexes provides an attractive strategy to produce light metal nanoparticles and inspires the authors to study the interaction of organic solvents with light metals.
Rare Earth Doping Engineering Tailoring Advanced Oxygen‐Vacancy Co3O4 with Tunable Structures for High‐Efficiency Energy Storage
Authors: He Yao , Zhou Weiqiang , Li Danqin , Liang Yanmei , Chao Shixing , Zhao Xueqian , Zhang Mingming , Xu Jingkun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCo3O4 with high theoretical capacitance is a promising electrode material for high‐end energy applications, yet the unexcited bulk electrochemical activity, low conductivity, and poor kinetics of Co3O4 lead to unsatisfactory charge storage capacity. For boosting its energy storage capability, rare earth (RE)‐doped Co3O4 nanostructures with abundant oxygen vacancies are constructed by simple, economical, and universal chemical precipitation. By changing different types of RE (RE = La, Yb, Y, Ce, Er, Ho, Nd, Eu) as dopants, the RE‐doped Co3O4 nanostructures can be well transformed from large nanosheets to coiled tiny nanosheets and finally to ultrafine nanoparticles, meanwhile, their specific surface area, pore distribution, the ratio of Co2+/Co3+, oxygen vacancy content, crystalline phase, microstrain parameter, and the capacitance performance are regularly affected. Notably, Eu‐doped Co3O4 nanoparticles with good cycle stability show a maximum specific capacitance of 1021.3 F g−1 (90.78 mAh g‐1) at 2 A g‐1, higher than 388 F g‐1 (34.49 mAh g‐1) of pristine Co3O4 nanosheets. The assembling asymmetric supercapacitor delivers a high energy density of 48.23 Wh kg‐1 at high power density of 1.2 kW kg‐1. These findings denote the significance and great potential of RE‐doped Co3O4 in the development of high‐efficiency energy storage.
Cranial remains of Ramsayia magna from the Late Pleistocene of Australia and the evolution of gigantism in wombats (Marsupialia, Vombatidae)
Authors: Louys Julien , Duval Mathieu , Beck Robin M. D. , Pease Eleanor , Sobbe Ian , Sands Noel , Price Gilbert J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGiant wombats (defined here as ≥70 kg) are found in the genera Phascolonus, Ramsayia and perhaps Sedophascolomys. Ramsayia is currently the most poorly known, having been described from mandibular and cranial fragments. Here, we report the most complete cranial remains attributable to the genus, identified as R. magna. The specimen provides new insights into the anatomy of the species and evolutionary adaptations to gigantism in Vombatidae. We record parietal sinuses in a vombatid for the first time, an adaptation to increased skull size relative to the braincase. The presence of a prominent premaxillary spine may indicate that the species possessed a large, fleshy nose. Both features are convergent on other large‐bodied, non‐vombatid extinct megaherbivores of Australia such as Diprotodon optatum. We use the cranial remains to examine the phylogenetic relationships of giant wombats to other vombatids. Phylogenetic analysis using maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference indicates that Phascolomys, Ramsayia and Sedophascolomys form a clade, suggesting a single origin of gigantism within Vombatidae. This origin may be related to the exploitation of poor‐quality foods, and preceded extreme specializations observed in the cranial anatomy of the giant wombats. U‐series and combined U‐series and electron spin resonance (ESR) dating methods were applied to one fossil tooth. Age calculations systematically correlate the fossil remains to Marine Isotope Stage 5, and an age of c. 80 000 years can be proposed for this specimen. With only a single well‐dated occurrence for this taxon, it is currently impossible to determine when and why R. magna became extinct.
Ulcerative colitis increases risk of hypertension in a UK biobank cohort study
Authors: He Jinshen , Zhang Shaozhao , Qiu Yun , Liu Fen , Liu Zishan , Tan Jinyu , Hu Fan , Wu Xiaomin , Wang Yu , Zhou Longyuan , Hu Shixian , Chen Minhu , Liao Xinxue , Zhuang Xiaodong , Mao Ren 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is not only a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract but also accompanied by systemic inflammation. The onset of hypertension is closely related to systemic inflammation. However, the relationship between IBD and hypertension has not been investigated. We aimed to investigate the potential association between IBD and the incidence of hypertension.MethodWe retrieved IBD onset and the incidence of hypertension from a public database UK Biobank. The association between the onset of IBD and subsequent incidence of hypertension was analyzed using a multivariate Cox regression analysis, and propensity score matching was performed for sensitivity analysis.ResultOf a total of 281,064 participants included in the study, 2376 (0.8%) were diagnosed with IBD at baseline, and 20,129 (7.2%) in the whole cohort developed hypertension with a median follow‐up duration of 8.1 years (interquartile range [IQR] 7.3–8.8 years). Patients with IBD had a higher cumulative risk of hypertension compared with general population (10.9% in ulcerative colitis [UC], 7.7% in Crohn's disease [CD], and 9.3% in IBD unclassified [IBD‐U] vs. 7.1% in non‐IBD, p < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified that UC, rather than CD or IBD‐U, was independently associated with subsequent occurrence of hypertension (HR 1.30, 95% CI: 1.11–1.52, p = 0.001). In propensity matching analysis, UC also showed its robustness as a risk factor for the prediction of hypertension (HR 1.56, 95% CI: 1.21–2.03, p = 0.001).ConclusionIn IBD patients, UC rather than CD is associated with a higher risk for the incidence of hypertension compared with general population. Close monitoring of hypertension might be required in clinical practice.
Association between sonographic sling location and success of surgery for stress urinary incontinence
Authors: Hubka P. , Masata J. , Martan A. , Dvorak J. , Lincova M. , Svabik K. 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo determine the relationship between the clinical outcome of suburethral sling surgery for stress urinary incontinence and sling location on ultrasound examination.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of patients diagnosed with stress urinary incontinence who were treated with a suburethral sling by a single surgeon between January 2009 and October 2016. Four‐dimensional volumes acquired on transperineal ultrasound at least 3 months postoperatively were analyzed and the gap between the sling and symphysis pubis (sling–pubis gap (SPG)) on Valsalva maneuver was measured. Continence was assessed on a cough stress test at follow‐up.ResultsA total of 378 patients were included, with a mean follow‐up of 14.3 months. The success rate of sling surgery was 89.4%. The mean ± SD SPG on Valsalva maneuver was 12.0 ± 2.5 mm in women who were clinically continent at follow‐up and 14.1 ± 2.8 mm in those with failed surgery (P < 0.001).ConclusionA shorter SPG on transperineal ultrasound imaging after suburethral sling surgery is associated with cure of stress urinary incontinence. © 2022 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Intestine‐on‐a‐chip for intestinal disease study and pharmacological research
Authors: Zhang Dongxue , Qiao Liang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntestinal diseases seriously affect the quality of life. The assays for intestinal disease study based on two‐dimensional in vitro cell culture and animal models fail to model human physiology and pathophysiology accurately. As a bridge between in vitro cell culture and clinical pathological specimens, intestine‐on‐a‐chip lined with living cells under dynamic flow can recapitulate the human intestinal microenvironment with high precision. Here, we summarize important elements for reconstructing the intestinal microenvironment and the mostly used intestine‐on‐a‐chip models that simulate the basic intestinal microenvironment, and the intestinal microenvironment with pathogenic bacteria, probiotic bacteria, viruses, tumor cells, and parasites. We also introduce the commonly used analytical techniques, including immunofluorescence imaging, mass spectrometry, DNA/RNA‐based analysis, and electrochemistry, which can be integrated with intestine chips for intestinal microenvironment characterization. We further review the application of intestine‐on‐a‐chip for intestinal disease study and pharmacological research. Finally, we discuss the application prospects and challenges of intestine chips in biomedical and clinical research.