bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comment on ‘Collision and radiative processes in emission of atmospheric carbon dioxide’
Authors: Lino da Silva M , Vargas J 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The paper titled ‘Collision and radiative processes in emission of atmospheric carbon dioxide’ (Smirnov 2018 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.
51 214004) dismisses the role of increasing concentrations of anthropogenic CO2 on global warming of planet Earth. We show that these conclusions are the consequence of two flaws in the paper theoretical model which neglect the effects of the increased concentrations of CO2 on the absorption of Earth’s blackbody radiation in the 12–15 µm region. The influence of doubling the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere on the surface temperature is not

Δ
T
=
0.02

K, or even

Δ
T
=
0.4

K if only one of the two mistakes in the paper’s analysis is corrected. The correct value lies within

Δ
T
=
1.1
−
1.3

K as outlined by Wilson and Gea-Banacloche (2012 Am. J. Phys.
80 306–15) using simplified, yet more theoretically consistent models. In addition, if feedback effects are factored in, a higher value of

Δ
T
=
3

K is predicted, as assessed in the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change working group report of 2021.
Magnetoelectric effects in Josephson junctions
Authors: Bobkova I V , Bobkov A M , Silaev M A 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The review is devoted to the fundamental aspects and characteristic features of the magnetoelectric effects, reported in the literature on Josephson junctions (JJs). The main focus of the review is on the manifestations of the direct and inverse magnetoelectric effects in various types of Josephson systems. They provide a coupling of the magnetization in superconductor/ferromagnet/superconductor JJs to the Josephson current. The direct magnetoelectric effect is a driving force of spin torques acting on the ferromagnet inside the JJ. Therefore it is of key importance for the electrical control of the magnetization. The inverse magnetoelectric effect accounts for the back action of the magnetization dynamics on the Josephson subsystem, in particular, making the JJ to be in the resistive state in the presence of the magnetization dynamics of any origin. The perspectives of the coupling of the magnetization in JJs with ferromagnetic interlayers to the Josephson current via the magnetoelectric effects are discussed.
Novel wide spectrum light absorber heterostructures based on hBN/In(Ga)Te
Authors: Šolajić A , Pešić J 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Two-dimensional group III monochalcogenides have recently attracted quite attention for their wide spectrum of optical and electric properties, being promising candidates for optoelectronic and novel electrical applications. However, in their pristine form they are extremely sensitive and vulnerable to oxygen in air and need good mechanical protection and passivization. In this work we modeled and studied two newly designed van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures based on layer of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) and GaTe or InTe monolayer. Using density functional theory, we investigate electronic and optical properties of those structures. Their moderate band gap and excellent absorption coefficient makes them ideal candidate for broad spectrum absorbers, covering all from part of IR to far UV spectrum, with particularly good absorption of UV light. The hBN layer, which can be beneficial for protection of sensitive GaTe and InTe, does not only preserve their optical properties but also enhances it by changing the band gap width and enhancing absorption in low-energy part of spectrum. Calculated binding energies prove that all three stacking types are possible to obtain experimentally, with H-top as the preferable stacking position. Moreover, it is shown that type of stacking does not affect any relevant properties and bandstructure does not reveal any significant change for each stacking type.
Real-time first-principles calculations of ultrafast carrier dynamics of SnSe/TiO2 heterojunction under Li+ implantation
Authors: Deng Zun-Yi , Feng Hong-Jian 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Ion implantation has been widely used in biomaterials, alloys, and semiconductors modification. Basing on the studying of trapping states in the equilibrium state, we investigate the ultrafast carrier dynamics of SnSe/TiO2 and SnSe/Li/TiO2 heterojunctions under Li+ implantation by the real-time time-dependent density functional theory. The special type II band alignment and Li+ interfacial states in SnSe/TiO2 heterojunction effectively facilitate the exciton dissociation in a benign process and suppresses the interfacial nonradiative recombination. By monitoring the instantaneous ion–solid interaction energy, electronic stropping power and the excitation electron evolution, we find that atomic reconstruction introduced by the Li inserting layer changes the charge density and crystal potential field in the injection channel, and thus weakens the violent oscillation force and electron excitation on the Ti and O atoms. There exists a weaker and shorter charge excitation at the interface for SnSe/Li/TiO2 implantation system, which suggests that the Li ion layer weakens the e–ph coupling between the interface electrons and the moving ion. Meanwhile, only the hot electrons are produced in the interface region, reducing the probability of carrier recombination. These results provide an understanding for the behavior of carriers in SnSe based heterojunctions and the electron–phonon coupling mechanism at the phase/grain boundary under ion implantation.
Design of a novel fiber grating acoustic emission sensor based on coupling cone structure
Authors: Liu Bo , Yu Yang , Xia Feng , Li Yuanxin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A novel fiber Bragg grating (FBG) acoustic emission (AE) sensor based on coupling cone structure is proposed in this paper, which is flexible and reusable. The sensor is fabricated by additive manufacturing technology. The numerical modeling of the coupling cone structure was performed using finite element analysis. The influence of the coupling cone angle and material on the AE detection performance was studied. The main parameters of the coupling cone structure are determined. The AE detection of material tensile tests was studied by edge-filter-demodulation of spectrum technology. The experimental results demonstrated that the coupling cone FBG AE (Cone-FBG-AE) sensor has advantages of high sensitivity, flexibility and adjustable positioning, and can be reused. It realizes real-time monitoring of AE signals in the tensile process of the specimen, which is consistent with the effect of the resonant AE sensor. The Cone-FBG-AE sensor has great application value in the fields of health monitoring, such as aero-engines, microcracks of structural defects.
Uncertainty modeling and evaluation of profile measurement by structured light scanner
Authors: Zhao Yifan , Cheng Yinbao , Xu Quanyong , Luo Zai , Wang Xueying , Li Hongli 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A structured light scanner is mainly used to collect three-dimensional (3D) data of an object; however, the uncertainty evaluation of a specific measurement task is not perfect. This study discusses the source of the uncertainty component of the measurement system of a structured blue-light scanner, including the instrument itself, data acquisition, data processing, and other factors. Using the surface profile as the evaluation object, PolyWorks software was used to perform the data processing of the point cloud denoising, splicing, and registration. An uncertainty evaluation is performed based on the black-box evaluation model. The experimental results show that the uncertainty components introduced by the point cloud stitching and point cloud registration are the main components of the entire measurement system. The bootstrap method does not need to consider the probability distribution type of the error sources, which improves computational efficiency. This method has several advantages when the distribution state is unknown. This work is conducive to improving the task-oriented uncertainty evaluation of 3D scanners.
Numerical simulations to study nonlinear wave-based interaction and turbulent magnetic field amplification in the laboratory and astrophysical plasmas
Authors: Dewan Himani , Singh Indraj , Uma R , Sharma R P 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A theoretical model is proposed to study the interaction of high-frequency oblique whistler wave (OWW) and low-frequency kinetic Alfvén waves (KAWs). In our previous investigation (Dewan et al 2020 Phys. Plasmas
27 032111), we established the existence of these two plasma modes (OWW and KAW) by virtue of parametric decay instability. For the present investigation, a numerical simulation technique is employed to solve the coupled system of equations. The ponderomotive force exerted by OWW excites the low-frequency KAW. This quasi-static force induces the genesis of density cavitation (regions of accumulation and depletion) in low-frequency KAW in the magnetized plasma. The simulation results give the localization of the OWW, which amplifies with time. At a later time, the structures become chaotic. The energy cascade is presented in terms of the ensemble-averaged power spectrum. We have also developed a semi-analytical model for this wave–wave interaction mechanism to understand the underlying physics of the field localization process.
Zonal shear layer collapse and the power scaling of the density limit: old L-H wine in new bottles
Authors: Singh Rameswar , Diamond P H 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Edge shear layer collapse causes edge cooling and aggravates radiative effects. This paper details on the microscopic dynamics of the emergence of power (Q) scaling of density limit (DL) from the shear layer collapse transport bifurcation scenario. The analysis is based on a novel 4-field model, which evolves turbulence energy, zonal flow energy, temperature gradient and density, including the neoclassical screening of zonal flow response. Bifurcation analysis yields power scaling of critical density for shear layer collapse as

n

c
r
i
t

∼

Q

1

/

3

. The favorable Q scaling of the DL emerges from the fact that the shear layer strength increases with Q, thus preventing shear layer collapse. This in turn reduces particle transport and improves particle confinement. RMP induced ambient stochastic fields degrade the shear layer by inducing decoherence in the Reynolds stress. As a result the particle transport increases and particle confinement degrades. This leads to the emergence of unfavorable stochastic field intensity (

b

s
t

2

) scaling of the critical density as

n

c
r
i
t

∼
(
1
+

b

s
t

2

)

−
5

/

3

. All fields, including zonal flow shear, exhibit hysteresis when the power (Q) is ramped cyclically across the bifurcation point. The hysteresis is due to dynamical delay in bifurcation on account of critical slowing down. Thus, the dynamical hysteresis here is fundamentally different from the hysteresis associated with the existence of bi-stable states.
Reliable adder and multipliers in QCA technology
Authors: Raja Sekar K , R Marshal , Lakshminarayanan G 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) nanotechnology is an interesting circuit design technology which is based on coulombic repulsion and majority logic (ML). Reliability is a key issue in QCA circuits. In this work, an adder is proposed with better fault tolerance and reduced complexity by combining three-input ML and five-input ML gates. The proposed design is realized by using the clock zone approach. Hence, the proposed design deploys only normal cells for its realization. This makes the proposed design less vulnerable to fabrication faults. This is validated by performing extensive fabrication defect analysis. A novel expression to compute the circuit complexity is also proposed. The proposed adder is used to realize a reliable array and serial multiplier. The proposed multipliers consume almost 55% less energy compared to the existing designs. The proposed adder can be used in any circuit at the basic elements.
Early-age concrete strength development monitoring using piezoelectric self-emission and detection (SED) and coda wave energy (CWE)
Authors: Li Wenzhou , Luo Mingzhang , Chen Feng 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The property of concrete is very significant to structural safety, and the early hydration process plays a critical role in the final concrete property. This paper develops a self-emission and detection (SED) principle with a single piezoelectric smart aggregate (SA) transducer, which is used as both an actuator and a sensor, to monitor the concrete early age strength development. The signal analysis is carried out by the coda wave energy (CWE). Experiments of concrete specimens with and without the SAs were conducted. Experimental results show a high correlation between the strength of early-age concrete and the CWE and non-linear fitting is used to establish the relationship between them. The proposed CWE features a simple analysis method, and the SED principle does not require consideration of the matching between the transmitting transducer and the receiving sensor, such as frequency range, sensitivity. Furthermore, the proposed method can be used as a reference for health monitoring of other structures and has good application prospects.
Mechanically cycling gelatin bilayers
Authors: Hanzly Laura E , Chauhan Natasha , Barone Justin R 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
There is a growing interest in making stimuli-responsive polymer systems, particularly ones that are bio-inspired/biomimetic and could perform mechanical work. Here, a biological device made from gelatin is described that can mechanically cycle back and forth in response to solution pH and ionic strength (IS) changes. The gelatin bilayer has one layer of Type A gelatin and the other of Type B gelatin, which have two different isoelectric points and therefore ionization states at a given solution pH. The bilayer mechanically cycles back and forth when one layer swells more than the other layer, which occurs because of solution pH or IS change. Maximum bilayer bending occurs at pH 10, when the Type B gelatin layer swells significantly more than the Type A layer. The results show the ability to use the unique properties of different sources of gelatin to design a simple purely biological machine.
Effect of Gelatin and Citric Acid Concentration on Chemical and Organoleptic Properties of Jelly Citrus
Authors: Lesmayati S , Qomariah R , Awanis  , Anggreany S 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Jelly candy is one type of soft candy that is demand by all age groups, especially children. This study was aimed to determine the optimal combination of gelatin and citric acid concentration in producing jelly candy from Tangerine citrus (Citrus reticulata var. Siam Banjar) based on the organoleptic properties. The study used a factorial completely randomized design, using gelatin and citric acid concentration as a factor, each consisted of 3 levels treatments, those are: 6% w/v, 8% w/v, 10% w/v for gelatin concentration and 0.2% w/v, 0.4% w/v, 0.6% w/v for citric acid concentration and each combination treatment was repeated 3 times. Organoleptic tests on color, aroma, texture, taste, and overall acceptance from citrus jelly candy. The data were analyzed statistically with Kruskal Wallis and continued with the Mann Whitney test at a 5% level if there was a real difference. The result showed no significant difference in color and aroma of jelly candy, but it significantly affected the texture, taste, and overall acceptance. The citrus jelly candy using 10% of gelatin affected the texture and determined the panelist preference. For overall acceptance, panelists prefer jelly candy with a combination of 10% gelatin and 0.6% citric acid concentration.
Recent Methods in the Pretreatment of Corncob Wastes for Value-Added Bioproducts Carbon Sources
Authors: Adiandri R S , Purwadi R , Hoerudin  , Setiadi T 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Corncobs are composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Cellulose and hemicellulose are monomeric sugars that can be utilized as carbon sources for microbial growth and bioproduct formation. However, corncobs present several challenges due to their complex and recalcitrant nature. Addressing these challenges for increased enzymatic and microbial accessibility requires pretreatment methods to break down resistant structures, thus enabling the recovery of fermentable sugars. Different pretreatment methods on corncob wastes have been studied extensively: chemical, physicochemical, and combined pretreatments. Among the developed pretreatment methods, combined pretreatments are the most widely used in the corncob pretreatment process to overcome various limitations in a single pretreatment method. Several combined pretreatment can increase sugar production, shorten processing time and repress inhibitor formation. This review article would assist in determining the best pretreatment method for corncobs according to the advantages, challenges, and effectiveness of various pretreatment methods
Physiological Changes of “Batu Ijo” Shallot (Allium Ascalonicum) Variety at Room Temperature Storage
Authors: Agriawati D P , Nurmalia  , Purba H F , Purba Tommy , Ramija K E 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This research was aimed to study the physiological changes of “Batu ijo” shallot variety during storage. The “Batu ijo” shallot variety from Toba Samosir was used as a sample. The storage conditions of the shallots were room temperature (26-29 °C) with humidity (64-86%). The storage period was 90 days with three replications. There were weight loss, moisture content, calcium content, shallots deterioration as observed parameters. The results showed that weight loss has decreased on 90 days of storage (49.83%). The moisture content and calcium content have fluctuated during storage. The initial moisture content was 81.84% (wb) and decreased to 79.19% (wb) on 45 days of storage, then increased to 80.09 (% wb) on 90 days of storage. At the beginning of storage, the calcium content was 0.29 %. The calcium content declined to 0.06% on the 45th day of storage, then increased to 0.95% at the end of storage. Bulb deterioration like hollow and rotten began at 30 days of storage.
Effect of Dryer Type on the Characteristics of Egg Flour from Frozen Eggs
Authors: Hayuningtyas M , Nurjannah R , Ilham  , Winarti C 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Drying process is one of the most important factors in the processing of dehydrated egg flour. Drying affect the characteristics of resulted egg flour and influence duration of the egg flour processing. Egg flour can be processed from fresh eggs or eggs that have been stored in the freezer/frozen eggs. Dehydrated egg flour has many advantages such as increase shelf life without reducing nutritional value, reduce the volume, and expands marketing reach. The aim of the study was to find out the characteristics of dehydrated egg flour with the addition of Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC) from frozen eggs using different type of dryers. The treatments tested consisted of types of dryers, namely oven blower, oven and Mollen dryer. Parameters observed included yield, color, rehydration level and proximate analysis. The results showed that frozen egg can be done as an alternative of egg preservation and result good characteristics of dried egg flour. The different type of dryer affects the chemical and physical characteristics of egg flour. The drying treatment affected the color of the egg flour, but did not affect the rehydration power. The best treatment was oven drying with a yield of 24.48%, brightness 81.49% and rehydration level of 35.38%
Good Handling Practice Study to Reduce The Level of Contamination in Cocoa Beans in East Luwu
Authors: Dewayani W , Syamsuri R , Septianti E , Suriany  , Halil W , Nurlaila  , Rahman A 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Research on the content of heavy metals in cocoa beans from mining and non-mining areas in South Sulawesi has been done. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of handling cocoa according to SNI 2323-2008 in reducing heavy metal contamination of cocoa beans at mining and non-mining locations. The research method used was a completely randomized factorial design pattern with three replications. The first factor was two-region (mining and non-mining areas), the second factor was various quality handling (GHP and non-GHP). The results showed that the heavy metal analysis of cocoa beans that met the SNI requirements was found in the non-mining areas of Luwu district, both GHP (Pb 0.13 ppm, Cd 0.37 ppm, Cu 1.26 ppm, and Zn 41.72 ppm) and non-mining. GHP (Pb 0.13 ppm, Cd 0.31 ppm, Cu 0.51 ppm, and Zn 37.02 ppm). Meanwhile, cocoa beans in mining areas in East Luwu Regency have not met the SNI requirements because Pb, Cd, and Zn levels exceed the safe limits for the quality requirements of cocoa beans. The best cocoa beans from non-mining with GHP treatment (11.98% fat, total acid 313.25, pH 5.05, crude fiber 13.49%, polyphenols 0.37, and moisture content 7.84%)
Traceability and Quality Monitoring Improvement Throughout Carrot Supply Chain With The Implementation of Internet-Of-Things
Authors: Kailaku S I , Djatna T 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Karo Highlands in North Sumatra, Indonesia, provides for a significant portion of horticultural products for domestic and overseas markets. Carrot suffers up to 50% postharvest loss throughout the supply chain. Poor supply chain management and lack of quality monitoring limits competitiveness and aggravates postharvest loss. Non-destructive techniques integrated with Internet-of-Things (IoT) is essential in the modern food supply chain. Implementing these technologies needs to be strategic to achieve benefits without increasing the supply chain’s burden. The study aims to identify the carrot supply chain's situation, design the IoT-based mechanism for traceability and quality monitoring based on the critical points where the postharvest loss occurs in the supply chain, and determine and calculate influential variables formulation of the proposed mechanism regarding resources limitations. The study designs a business process for the IoT architecture implementation and utilizes Goal Programming to evaluate and optimize the performance of the IoT architecture into the supply chain. The implementation design involves farmers, suppliers, and exporting firms to operate the measurement and monitoring devices and accessible information for stakeholders. A minimum set of IoT devices was determined for a particular minimum product flow and required minimum information flow to achieve the optimum postharvest loss reduction.