bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kudzu Bug (Megacopta cribraria) and Associated Egg Parasitoids Emergence Rates in Alabama are Predicted by Weather Indices
Authors: Chicas-Mosier Ana M , Balusu Rammohan R , Ajayi Olufemi S , Kafle Basu D , Morawo Tolulope , Mertoglu Gamze , Smith Chelsea M , Warsi Sanower , Fadamiro Henry Y 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The kudzu bug, Megacopta cribraria (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Plataspidae), is a major economic pest of soybean in the southeastern United States. With climate warming, this pest is expected to move northward and cause additional crop damage. Parasitoid biocontrol is a potential method of integrated pest management for kudzu bug. Two species of egg parasitoid wasps have been observed emerging from kudzu bug egg masses in the southeastern United States: Paratelenomus saccharalis (Dodd) (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) and Ooencyrtus nezarae (Ishii) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae). This paper used egg mass emergence data collected between 2018 and 2020 in Alabama soybean fields and compared the data to weather indices. Indices included the number of days with minimum temperatures below zero, accumulated rainfall (mm m−2), as well as species specific metrics of accumulated growing degree days, accumulated daily minimum temperature (°C), and accumulated daily maximum temperature (°C). Emergence of the generalist parasitoid, O. nezarae, was highly correlated with kudzu bug nymph abundance, accumulated degree day, accumulated daily temperatures, and precipitation. Ooencyrtus nezarae emergence was predicted in a stepwise regression equation by aggregated degree day and date of collection, which indicates that seasonality may be a predictor of its presence. In contrast, collections of the specialist parasitoid, P. saccharalis, were near-zero throughout the collection period, suggesting that this species may no longer be a usable biocontrol agent in the southeastern United States as a result of external limiting factors.
Variation in Larval Thermal Tolerance of Three Saproxylic Beetle Species
Authors: Lawhorn Kane A , Yanoviak Stephen P 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTemperature is a key abiotic condition that limits the distributions of organisms, and forest insects are particularly sensitive to thermal extremes. Whereas winged adult insects generally are able to escape unfavorable temperatures, other less-vagile insects (e.g., larvae) must withstand local microclimatic conditions to survive. Here, we measured the thermal tolerance of the larvae of three saproxylic beetle species that are common inhabitants of coarse woody debris (CWD) in temperate forests of eastern North America: Lucanus elaphus Fabricius (Lucanidae), Dendroides canadensis Latreille (Pyrochroidae), and Odontotaenius disjunctus Illiger (Passalidae). We determined how their critical thermal maxima (CTmax) vary with body size (mass), and measured the thermal profiles of CWD representing the range of microhabitats occupied by these species. Average CTmax differed among the three species and increased with mass intraspecifically. However, mass was not a good predictor of thermal tolerance among species. Temperature ramp rate and time in captivity also influenced larval CTmax, but only for D. canadensis and L. elaphus respectively. Heating profiles within relatively dry CWD sometimes exceeded the CTmax of the beetle larvae, and deeper portions of CWD were generally cooler. Interspecific differences in CTmax were not fully explained by microhabitat association, but the results suggest that the distribution of some species within a forest can be affected by local thermal extremes. Understanding the responses of saproxylic beetle larvae to warming habitats will help predict shifts in community structure and ecosystem functioning in light of climate change and increasing habitat fragmentation.
Initial hospital length of stay and long-term survival of patients successfully resuscitated using extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation for refractory out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: Alexy Tamas , Kalra Rajat , Kosmopoulos Marinos , Bartos Jason A , Elliott Andrea , Gutierrez Bernal Alejandra , Martin Cindy M , John Ranjit , Shaffer Andrew W , Raveendran Ganesh , Tsangaris Adamantios , Yannopoulos Demetris 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimsThe long-term outcomes of patients treated with extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) for refractory ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF) out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) remain poorly defined. The purpose of this study was to describe the hospital length of stay and long-term survival of patients who were successfully rescued with ECPR after refractory VT/VF OHCA.Methods and resultsIn this retrospective cohort study, the length of index admission and long-term survival of patients treated with ECPR after OHCA at a single centre were evaluated. In a sensitivity analysis, survival of patients managed with left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation or heart transplantation during the same period was also evaluated. Between 1 January 2016 and 12 January 2020, 193 patients were transferred for ECPR considerations and 160 underwent peripheral veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation cannulation. Of these, 54 (33.7%) survived the index admission. These survivors required a median 16 days of intensive care and 24 days total hospital stay. The median follow-up time of the survivors was 1216 (683, 1461) days. Of all, 79.6 and 72.2% were alive at 1 and 4 years, respectively. Most deaths within the first year occurred among the patients requiring discharge to a long-term acute care facility. Overall survival rates at 4 years were similar in the ECPR and LVAD cohorts (P = 0.30) but were significantly higher for transplant recipients (P &lt; 0.001).ConclusionThis data suggest that the lengthy index hospitalization required to manage OHCA patients with ECPR is rewarded by excellent long-term clinical outcomes in an expert ECPR programme.
Evaluating the efficacy of demand-side communication interventions on claiming rights: evidence from an action research field experiment in India
Authors: Milap Akshay , Sarin Ankur 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCommunication-based interventions increasingly characterize attempts to strengthen policy implementation, especially policies targeting disadvantaged populations who despite their eligibility often fail to access potential benefits. However, factors that determine their effectiveness remains an open empirical question. To examine elements of effective communication in the exercising of rights, we designed and implemented a randomized field experiment around a public informational assistance campaign, spanning an entire urban district in India as part of a larger action research initiative. Situated within the context of India’s ambitious “Right to Education” Act, our intensive campaign employed distinct instruments varying in terms of trustworthiness, expertise, and media richness—frontline public health workers, trained student volunteers, and an interactive voice response system—to assist individuals in the claiming process. While our results reiterate the value of information, we find these effects to be less pronounced for the most disadvantaged. Our results also emphasize the role of expertise in navigating complex administrative processes. However, our analysis points to the necessity of complementing communication-based interventions with other supply-side enabling measures that ensure they aid the most disadvantaged.
Rethinking the Right to Freedom of Thought: A Multidisciplinary Analysis
Authors: Ligthart Sjors , Bublitz Christoph , Douglas Thomas , Forsberg Lisa , Meynen Gerben 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In recent years, there has been increased academic interest in the human right to freedom of thought (RFoT). Scholars from various disciplines are currently debating the content and scope of this right. In his annual thematic report of 2021, the United Nations Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Religion or Belief paid explicit and comprehensive attention to the RFoT, encouraging further clarification of the content and scope of the right. This paper aims to contribute to this end, setting the stage for further research, by offering a multidisciplinary analysis of the RFoT’s scope, relation to other rights, practical significance and moral foundations.
Introducing the global antimicrobial stewardship partnership hub (GASPH): creating conditions for successful global partnership collaboration
Authors: Sneddon Jacqueline , Guise Tracey , Jenkins David , Mpundu Mirfin , Van Dongen Maarten , Schouten Jeroen , Xiao Jonghong , Cordoba Gloria , Nathwani Dilip 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In 2015, 196 countries formally committed to a Global Action Plan to address antimicrobial resistance (AMR). However, translating policy into practice is not happening at pace and the recent Global Research on AntiMicrobial resistance (GRAM) Project report confirms the burden of AMR is increasing. Despite progress in establishing surveillance data and investment in new antimicrobials, education and training including use of behavioural science approaches to change practice is lagging. To contribute to addressing this, we have invited organizations to join us as founding members of the Global Antimicrobial Stewardship Partnership Hub (GASPH) (https://global-asp-hub.com/). We will work together to share education resources and foster collaboration to meet the needs of learners and of partner organizations working on tackling AMR. Membership is open to all—professional societies, academic institutes, nongovernmental organizations/civil society, philanthropists and commercial partners interested in supporting a multi-stakeholder global antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) education platform and network.
Ubiquitin-mediated mitochondrial regulation by MITOL/MARCHF5 at a glance
Authors: Nagashima Shun , Ito Naoki , Shiiba Isshin , Shimura Hiroki , Yanagi Shigeru 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, such as energy production, inflammatory responses and cell death. Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with many age-related diseases, including neurological disorders and heart failure. Mitochondrial quality is strictly maintained by mitochondrial dynamics linked to an adequate supply of phospholipids and other substances from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The outer mitochondrial membrane-localized E3 ubiquitin ligase MITOL/MARCHF5 is responsible for mitochondrial quality control through the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics, formation of mitochondria-ER contacts and mitophagy. MITOL deficiency has been shown to impair mitochondrial function, cause an excessive inflammatory response and increase vulnerability to stress, resulting in the exacerbation of the disease. In this study, we overview the ubiquitin-mediated regulation of mitochondrial function by MITOL and the relationship between MITOL and diseases.
The attitude of fully vaccinated individuals towards COVID-19 vaccine booster dose: a transverse study from Jordan
Authors: Abuhammad Sawsan , Alzoubi Karem H , Khabour Omar F , Hamaideh Shaher , El-zubi Maryam K 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objectives
COVID-19 vaccines are efficient against serious infections, and those initiated by the various variants. Many high- and middle-income countries have decided to offer third-dose boosters to ensure their populations remain protected against novel COVID-19 variants before additional waves of COVID-19. This study aims to assess individuals’ attitudes towards COVID-19 booster vaccination dose and to determine predictors of this attitude.

Methods
This study used a cross-sectional descriptive design. The inclusion criteria for participants were Jordanian adults who had been fully vaccinated against COVID-19. A quota sampling strategy based on the participant’s, age and gender was used to ensure that the sample was broadly representative of the general population in Jordan. The instrument was distributed across popular social networking sites such as Facebook and WhatsApp. The study was conducted in October 2021.

Key findings
The response rate of this study was 63.5% (n = 952). The mean score of attitudes towards a booster dose of COVID-19 was 47.1 ± 8.2, indicating that about half of the sample was supportive to the booster dose. There were differences in the acceptability of a booster dose for COVID-19 according to the demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants. Individuals with high income (B = 0.210, P = 0.000), high educational level (B = −0.076, P = 0.026), those who have suffered vaccine side effects (B = −0.081, P = 0.013) and follow the news about COVID-19 (B = 0.076, P = 0.043) were more likely to accept the booster dose than the other groups.

Conclusions
Participants had mixed attitudes towards the booster dose with about half of the participants willing to take the booster. Some factors associated with such attitude were identified. The findings are useful in developing and implementing effective vaccination strategies that target people who are not ready to take a booster dose.
A case of sigmoid colon volvulus with transanal ileus tube placement and Sharon’s operation performed safely
Authors: Minagawa Yume , Ishiyama Yasuhiro , Fukuda Toshiyuki , Mochizuki Ichitaro , Ito Shingo , Oneyama Masataka , Amiki Manabu , Hara Yoshiaki , Narita Kazuhiro , Tachimori Yuji , Goto Manabu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Although endoscopic repair is often performed for sigmoid colon volvulus without intestinal necrosis, surgery is the common choice of treatment due to recurrence. With no established treatment, Hartmann’s operation or sigmoid colon resection is often performed. We report a case of a 65-year-old man with transanal ileus tube placement before surgery for sigmoid colon volvulus to prevent recurrence and achieve intestinal decompression followed by Sharon’s operation to achieve one-stage anastomosis. The patient showed good postoperative course, with no recurrence 3 months after surgery. This report discusses the usefulness of the transanal ileus tube and Sharon’s operation for sigmoid colon volvulus without intestinal necrosis along with a review of the literature.
Glutathione and neodiosmin feedback sustain plant immunity
Authors: Lu Chongchong , Jiang Yanke , Yue Yingzhe , Sui Yurong , Hao Mingxia , Kang Xiaojing , Wang Qingbin , Chen Dayin , Liu Baoyou , Yin Ziyi , Wang Lulu , Li Yang , Dong Hansong , Li Xugang , Xin Xiufang , Liu Yinggao , Ding Xinhua 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPlants have evolved a two-layer immune system comprising pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI) that is activated in response to pathogen invasion. Microbial patterns and pathogen effectors can be recognized by surface-localized pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) and intracellularly localized nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs) to trigger PTI and ETI responses, respectively. At present, the metabolites activated by PTI and ETI and their roles and signalling pathways in plant immunity are not well understood. In this study, metabolomic analysis showed that ETI and PTI induced various flavonoids and amino acids and their derivatives in plants. Interestingly, both glutathione and neodiosmin content were specifically up-regulated by ETI and PTI, respectively, which significantly enhanced plant immunity. Further studies showed that glutathione and neodiosmin failed to induce a plant immune response in which PRRs/co-receptors were mutated. In addition, glutathione-reduced mutant gsh1 analysis showed that GSH1 is also required for PTI and ETI. Finally, we propose a model in which glutathione and neodiosmin are considered signature metabolites induced in the process of ETI and PTI activation in plants and further continuous enhancement of plant immunity in which PRRs/co-receptors are needed. This model is beneficial for an in-depth understanding of the closed-loop mode of the positive feedback regulation of PTI and ETI signals at the metabolic level.
TESS uncloaks the secondaries in hydrogen-deficient binaries
Authors: Jeffery C Simon 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
υ  Sgr is the prototype of four known hydrogen-deficient binary (HdB) systems. These are characterized by a hydrogen-deficient A-type primary, variable hydrogen emission lines, and a normally unseen secondary presumed to be an upper main-sequence star. Orbital periods range from tens of days to 360 d. TESS observations of all four HdBs show a flux variation with well-defined period in the range 0.5–0.9 d, too short to be associated with the supergiant primary, and more likely to be the rotation period of the secondary and associated with a chemical surface asymmetry or a low-order non-radial oscillation. The observed rotation period supports a recent analysis of the υ Sgr secondary. The observations give a direct glimpse of the secondary in all four systems, and should help to explain how the primary has been stripped to become a low-mass hydrogen remnant.
Herpes zoster
Authors: Kelley Angela 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Herpes zoster, or shingles, caused by a reactivation of the chickenpox virus, can occur in patients of any age, but is more common in older adults. Patient history is critical in reaching a diagnosis, not only to manage the outbreak effectively, but also to prevent severe complications such as dissemination of the virus into the central nervous system. This article describes recent changes in diagnostic testing, treatment, prevention, and practice guidelines as well as the approach clinicians should take when evaluating patients with herpes zoster and assessing risk for complications.
Mortality patterns of soft-tissue sarcomas worldwide up to 2018, with predictions for 2025
Authors: Pizzato Margherita , Collatuzzo Giulia , Santucci Claudia , Malvezzi Matteo , Boffetta Paolo , Comandone Alessandro , Levi Fabio , La Vecchia Carlo , Bertuccio Paola , Negri Eva 
Published: November 2022

Objective
The epidemiological evidence on soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) mortality is inconsistent in geographic and time coverage. This study provides mortality trends for STSs in selected countries worldwide over the last 2 decades, together with predicted figures for 2025.

Methods
We extracted official numbers of certified deaths coded as C47 (i.e. malignant neoplasm of peripheral nerves and autonomic nervous system) and C49 (i.e. malignant neoplasm of other connective and soft tissue) according to the 10th Revision of the International Classification of Disease and population estimates from the WHO and the Pan American Health Organization databases. We computed age-standardized (world standard population) mortality rates (ASMRs). We used joinpoint regression analysis to identify significant changes in trends and to predict death numbers and rates for 2025.

Results
The pattern emerging from the number of deaths and ASMRs up to 2018 shows an increase in most countries in both sexes. Around 2015 to 2018, ASMRs differed by 2.5-fold in both sexes with the highest rates being registered in Central-Eastern Europe, North America and Australia, while the lowest ones in Latin America, Japan, and Korea. In 2025, the number of STS deaths is predicted to increase in most countries and both sexes, and unfavourable rates are predicted in Central Europe in both sexes.

Conclusion
In addition to improvements in STSs registration, unfavourable mortality rates reported in this study reflect inadequate referral of patients with STSs to high-volume multidisciplinary centres, as well as insufficient advancements in STS prevention, diagnosis, and treatments.
Prospective Associations Between Preschool Exposure to Violent Televiewing and Psychosocial and Academic Risks in Early Adolescent Boys and Girls
Authors: Pagani Linda S. , Bernard Jessica , Fitzpatrick Caroline 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT:

Objective:
Risks of early exposure to media violence remain unclear. This study examines typical early childhood violent media exposure and subsequent psychosocial and academic risks.

Methods:
Our longitudinal birth cohort comprised 978 girls and 998 boys. Child-reported and teacher-reported measures of adjustment at age 12 years were linearly regressed on parent-reported televised violence exposure at ages 3.5 and 4.5 years while adjusting for individual/family confounders.

Results:
For girls, preschool violent televiewing was associated with increases in emotional distress (b = 0.31; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.13–0.49) and decreases in classroom engagement (b = −0.97; 95% CI, −1.55 to −0.40), academic achievement (b = −2.60; 95% CI, −3.48 to −1.72), and academic motivation (b = −0.58; 95% CI, −1.09 to −0.07) at age 12 years. For boys, preschool violent televiewing was associated with increases in emotionally distressed (b = 0.33; 95% CI, 0.13–0.53), inattentive (b = 0.25; 95% CI, 0.06–0.45), conduct disordered (b = 0.11; 95% CI, 0.00–0.21), and socially withdrawn behavior (b = 0.23; 95% CI, 0.05–0.40), as well as decreases in classroom engagement (b = −0.84; 95% CI, −1.57 to −0.12), academic achievement (b = −1.19; 95% CI, −2.15 to −0.23), and academic motivation (b = −0.58; 95% CI, −1.13 to −0.03) at age 12 years.

Conclusion:
Compared with no preschool exposure, violent televiewing is associated with distinct and enduring psychosocial risks by early adolescence. Acknowledging such risks remains a pertinent health literacy target for pediatric professionals, parents, and communities.
Public Perceptions of Breast Implant Complications and the FDA Boxed Warning on Implants
Authors: Hyland Colby J. , Gadiraju Goutam , Parikh Neil , Dey Tanujit , Broyles Justin M. 
Published: November 2022

Background:
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a boxed warning on breast implants in October 2021, requiring communication of certain risks to patients. This study assessed how this boxed warning may impact public perceptions of breast implants.

Methods:
A cross-sectional survey was administered to adult women in the United States in December 2021 using Amazon Mechanical Turk to assess perceptions of breast implant risks communicated in the FDA-issued guidance. Sociodemographic predictors of responses were identified using multivariable models.

Results:
There were 494 complete responses. Respondents had a mean age of 36.9 years, and 80% had an associate’s degree or higher. At baseline, most would consider receiving implants for reconstructive or cosmetic purposes (65%). Some were unsure or indicated that it is not possible to undergo mammograms after receiving implants (42%). After provided information in the FDA guidance, the majority strongly agreed or agreed that they were less likely to receive implants knowing the risk of anaplastic large cell lymphoma (75%), because implants contain chemicals/heavy metals (74%), and because implants are not lifetime devices (68%), with greater odds among Hispanic respondents (OR, 2.35; P < 0.01) and lower odds among higher-income respondents (OR, 0.64; P = 0.03).

Conclusions:
There are misconceptions with regard to breast implant-associated risks. Despite most laywomen indicating that they would consider receiving implants at baseline, the risks communicated in the 2021 FDA boxed warning may make patients less likely to receive implants, with variability among different sociodemographic populations.