bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantifying evapotranspiration from dominant Arctic vegetation types using lysimeters
Authors: Clark Jason A. , Tape Ken D. , Young‐Robertson Jessica M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe thermal and hydraulic properties of the moss and organic layer regulate energy fluxes, permafrost stability, and hydrologic function in Arctic tundra. Our goal was to quantify evapotranspiration (ET) from dominant vegetation types in Arctic tundra. We designed and deployed a network of electronic automated weighing micro‐lysimeters (n = 58, area = 0.06 m2). We selectively clipped groups of plants from a subset of lysimeters to isolate ET from moss, tussocks, and mixed vascular plants. High rates of evaporation (E) recorded during the study period in the moss E lysimeters (64 mm) and high ET in the tussock ET lysimeters (60 mm) show that mosses and sedge tussocks (Eriophorum vaginatum) are the major constituents of local tundra ET. Moss E was consistently higher than ET from mixed vascular species with moss understory indicating that moss E dominates tundra water efflux at sites with moss understory. The ET partitioning presented here will allow for improved prediction of changes in water flux associated with observed and future vegetation change. Future changes in the composition and cover of mosses and vascular plants will not only alter partitioning of tundra ET but may also affect the significant role plants play in the moisture regime and thermodynamics of Arctic permafrost soils.
Modeling the relation between the US real economy and the corporate bond‐yield spread in Bayesian VARs with non‐Gaussian innovations
Authors: Kiss Tamás , Mazur Stepan , Nguyen Hoang , Österholm Pär 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we analyze how skewness and heavy tails affect the estimated relationship between the real economy and the corporate bond‐yield spread—a popular predictor of real activity. We use quarterly US data to estimate Bayesian VAR models with stochastic volatility and various distributional assumptions regarding the innovations. In‐sample, we find that—after controlling for stochastic volatility—innovations in GDP growth can be well described by a Gaussian distribution. In contrast, the yield spread appears to benefit from being modeled using non‐Gaussian innovations. When it comes to real‐time forecasting performance, we find that the yield spread is a relevant predictor of GDP growth at the one‐quarter horizon. Having controlled for stochastic volatility, gains in terms of forecasting performance from flexibly modeling the innovations appear to be limited and are mostly found for the yield spread.
The effect of evidence‐based nursing education on nurses' clinical decision making: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ghodsi Astan Parisa , Goli Rasoul , Hemmati Maslakpak Masumeh , Rasouli Javad , Alilu Leyla 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionNurses are the largest group of health‐care providers and their clinical decisions have an essential role in patients' clinical condition. Evidence‐based nursing has been proposed as a health‐care method based on the latest findings and evidence. Therefore, we aimed to determine the effect of evidence‐based nursing education on dialysis nurses' clinical decision‐making.Material and MethodsThis single‐blind experimental study conducted in 2021 at dialysis wards of teaching hospitals affiliated to Urmia University of Medical Sciences. In this study, a total of 60 dialysis nurses were recruited using convenience sampling and allocated to two groups of intervention (n = 30) and control (n = 30). Data were collected at three time points of before, 1 week after, and 1 month after the intervention using a demographic questionnaire and the Lauri and Salantera Clinical Decision‐Making Questionnaire (LSCD‐MQ). Nurses in the intervention group received 12 sessions of evidence‐based nursing education, while nurses in the control group received no intervention.ResultsThe results showed the mean score of clinical decision‐making had a significant decreasing trend over time (p < 0.001) so that it decreased significantly 1 week after the intervention (72.83 ± 4.90) compared with before the intervention (69.5 ± 67.34) in the intervention group. Moreover, participants' decision‐making moved toward analytical decision‐making. The results also indicated there was a significant difference between the baseline mean score of clinical decision‐making and the postintervention mean scores obtained 1 week (p = 0.025) and 1 month (p = 0.001) after the intervention. However, this difference was not found to be significant in the control group (p = 1.000).ConclusionsThe study results indicate the positive effect of evidence‐based education on nurses' clinical decision‐making. Therefore, nurses are recommended to apply evidence‐based education methods to improve their level of clinical decision‐making. Health officials are also recommended to hold in‐service evidence‐based workshops to update nurses' knowledge.
Clinical significance of the increased expression of the WT1 gene in peripheral blood of patients with acquired aplastic anemia
Authors: Ishiyama Ken , Dung Tran Cao , Imi Tatsuya , Hosokawa Kohei , Nannya Yasuhito , Yamazaki Hirohito , Ogawa Seishi , Nakao Shinji 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTo determine the significance of increased Wilms tumor 1 (WT1) gene expression in the peripheral blood of patients with acquired aplastic anemia (AA), we analyzed serial changes in WT1 mRNA copy number (WT1cn) in 63 patients with AA as well as in five patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and seven patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). WT1cn was higher than the cut‐off (≥50 copies/μg RNA) at the time of the first measurement in 41% of untreated (60–190 copies/μg RNA [median 130]) and 59% of treated (59–520 copies/μg RNA [median 150]) AA patients. Although WT1cns gradually increased in most AA patients during the 2–105 months follow‐up period, they did not lead to clonal evolution except in three patients in whom the maximum change ratio of WT1cn (WT1cn‐change max), defined as the ratio of WT1cn at the first examination to that of the maximum value, exceeded 20.0 and who developed MDS at 2, 46, and 105 months. Increased WT1 gene expression was enriched in granulocytes rather than in mononuclear cells in most WT1‐positive AA patients and did not correlate with mutations of genes associated with myeloid malignancy. WT1cns were high at 690–5700 (median 2000) in MDS patients and remained high thereafter, while WT1cns in PNH patients (77–200; median 96) were similar to those in AA. Thus, moderate increases in WT1cns up to 600 are common in AA patients in stable remission. An increase in the WT1cn‐change max over 20.0 may portend transformation from AA to MDS.
Molecular spectra and dissociation dynamics of SO2F2 under external electric fields
Authors: Aizezi Nuerbiye , Zheng Jingyan , Xiao Kelaiti , Xiang Mei , Abulimiti Bumaliya , Manapu Aidehaierjiang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSulfuryl fluoride (SO2F2) is a powerful greenhouse gas that threatens human health. It is essential to study the dissociation mechanism of SO2F2 under external electric fields (EEFs). Based on M06‐2X/6‐311G(d, p) level, the stepwise and concerted dissociation properties of SO2F2 have been investigated under EEFs, including the dipole moment, bond lengths, total energy, orbital energy level distribution, and infrared spectrum. With increasing external‐electric‐field intensity, the 1S–4F and 1S–5F bonds become longer, the total energy decreases, and the energy gap decreases. Infrared spectroscopy shows that the vibration frequencies of the 1S–4F and 1S–5F bonds decrease as the electric‐field intensity increases, and a significant red shift occurs. Time‐dependent density functional theory was used to calculate the ultraviolet‐visible absorption spectrum. Additionally, the potential‐energy curves along the 1S–4F and 1S–5F bonds under electric fields were calculated. The results show that stepwise dissociation of the 1S–4F and 1S–5F bonds occur when F = 0.08 and 0.06 a.u., respectively. Corrected dissociation occurs when F = 0.95 a.u. The spectrum and dissociation mechanism of SO2F2 under EEFs provide a basic understanding of the molecular structure and degradation kinetics of SO2F2, and it provides insight into decomposition of SO2F2.
Simulated green turtle grazing alters effects of environmental drivers on seagrass growth dynamics across seasons
Authors: Johnson Robert A. , Hanes Kathleen M. , Bolten Alan B. , Bjorndal Karen A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSeagrasses form productive marine ecosystems that serve as important foraging grounds for grazers. Meadow productivity is vulnerable to environmental change, however, because environmental factors often strongly regulate seagrass growth. Understanding effects of grazing and environmental driver interactions on growth dynamics is therefore needed to ensure the long‐term sustainability of seagrass meadow foraging habitats. We simulated natural green turtle (Chelonia mydas) grazing by experimentally clipping seagrass for 16 months in a Thalassia testudinum meadow and measured how responses in linear growth, production, the production‐to‐biomass ratio (P : B; compensatory growth), and leaf area index differed between clipped and unclipped seagrass in response to in situ changes in temperature and salinity. While increasing temperature and salinity had positive and negative effects, respectively, on growth rates, clipping did not alter the relationship between these abiotic drivers and seagrass growth. Simulated grazing did, however, alter effects of temperature on seagrass P : B ratio and leaf area index dynamics. Each increased significantly with temperature; however, P : B ratios only increased in experimentally clipped seagrass, whereas leaf area index only increased in unclipped seagrass. These results suggest that, given temperature‐stimulated growth, grazed seagrass prioritizes increasing biomass production, whereas ungrazed seagrass prioritizes increasing photosynthetic surface area. In addition, our results demonstrate that the strength of the compensatory growth response to grazing in T. testudinum is seasonally dependent, highlighting the importance of biotic‐abiotic interactions in driving growth dynamics. In a future with increasing grazer abundance and climate‐driven stressors, understanding these types of interactions will be critical for long‐term sustainability of seagrass ecosystems.
BECOMING A RACE CONSCIOUS LEADER
Authors: Wilkinson Bethaney 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe author notes that “Race Conscious Leadership is your invitation to unravel the racial narratives you didn’t choose, but for which you are now responsible.” She explains that it is “the practice of cultivating an ongoing, nuanced awareness of racial history, racial identity, and racial justice in one’s organizational life.” In a graphic Figure, she presents “The Insight‐Action Axis for Effective Race Conscious Leadership.” This depicts, for instance, in her words “A culture of the past (low in insight, low in action), A culture of learning (high in insight, low in action).” In further definitions, she says that “Cultures of learning are marked by acquiring information, finding stories, and sharing ideas.” Also: “Cultures of the future are environments where race conscious leaders are committed to expanding their insights and engaging in meaningful actions.” She also outlines 10 habits of race conscious leaders. Some are in her words: #1. Race conscious leaders are peacemakers, not peacekeepers. #2. Race conscious leaders make themselves accountable. #3. Race conscious leaders think collectively and individually. #4. Race conscious leaders are relentlessly self‐aware. #5. Race conscious leaders are truth tellers. #6. Race conscious leaders filter their decisions through the lens of equity and justice.
MASTERING AUTHENTIC LEADERSHIP: A FOUNDATIONAL QUALITY FOR WORKING TOGETHER
Authors: Dowden Craig 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDowden contends that leaders must “possess an advanced level of understanding of our minds and our hearts.” To do this, they must be authentic. He references a 2008 Journal of Management article covering “four distinct, yet overlapping, elements”: self‐awareness, relational transparency, balanced processing, and internalized moral perspective. He draws on research that it was the “strongest predictor of job satisfaction for employees. It also had positive impacts on overall attitudes toward work and happiness.” He notes that it also increases employee innovation and that authentic leaders “inspired significantly higher levels of interpersonal trust between themselves and their direct reports, which also increased levels of work engagement.” He relates leadership conversations with Alan Mulally, the former CEO of Boeing Commercial Airplanes and Ford Motor Company, who “leveraged and implemented his “Working Together”© Principles, Practices, and Management System to drive exceptional results and high employee engagement in two of the largest and most globally recognized companies.” Dowden also outlines five leadership practices, which in his words are: #1 Show and tell people who you are and confirm with them that they see you that way. #2 Create expected behaviors. #3 Authenticity equals consistency. #4 Embrace the power of operating without a safety net. #5 Authenticity applies to context as well as people.
HOW LEARNING TO LEAD LIGHTLY WILL TRANSFORM YOUR MINDSET, PERFORMANCE AND RELATIONSHIPS
Authors: Michael Jody 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLeaders can transform themselves after even what seems like a major setback, in the view of the author, who opens with information about her disastrous tenure in 1987 as a 29‐year‐old, as one of the first female commodities traders on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange. She eventually transformed into becoming CEO of Jody Michael Associates, a coaching company specializing in executive coaching, leadership development, and career coaching. She poses such “decision point” questions as “What kind of leader are you going to be right now?” and “How are you going to align yourself internally right now with what you are trying to achieve?” She says that your “ability to leverage these thousands of choice points throughout each day—to sustainably create high performance no matter what may be going on—is what I call ’mental fitness.’ Mental fitness increases your capacity, impact, and influence as a leader.” Her definition of the term is “Mental fitness™ is your measurable ability to engage constructively in life and work every day, no matter what stressors you encounter. It is your capacity to consistently respond to challenges with optimal performance in the moment and minimal recovery time afterward.”
HOW OUR LEVEL OF SELF‐WORTH IMPACTS THE WAY WE LEAD
Authors: Fenton Traci 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFenton discusses the importance of self‐worth for leaders, and how that quality is often in short supply. She says that “in the work my company, WorldBlu and I have done over the past 25 years with thousands of leaders from over 100 countries in almost every industry, ranging from for‐profits to non‐profits, schools to governmental organizations teaching leaders how to lead from a place of freedom rather than fear and control, we’ve found that self‐worth is the number‐one determinant of a leader’s success over the long term.” She presents a table of characteristics of high and low self‐worth for leaders. For instance, in low self‐worth “never feeling good enough” is contrasted with high self‐worth “knows they are inherently good enough.” A low self‐worth leader is overly critical, whereas a high self‐worth one recognizes they are always learning. Fenton narrows improving one’s self‐worth to three things, which in her words are: 1. Recognizing your current level of self‐worth. 2. Making the choice to develop high self‐worth. 3. Intentionally practicing high self‐worth behaviors on a daily basis. She includes ten practices for increasing self‐worth, including “reframe failure into learning moments” and “defeat fear to reclaim your worth.”
WE WHO CHOOSE TO LEAD ARE HUMANITY’S BEST HOPE TO SAVE CIVILIZATION
Authors: Spodek Joshua 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe author writes about such problems as “climate change, deforestation, extinctions, pollution, coral bleaching, and more. A leadership perspective clarifies and simplifies that they all result from one cause: human behavior, driven by our culture and values. These problems are the physical manifestation of our values.” He further explains that “By leadership, I mean helping people do what they want to but haven’t figured out how. We often call politicians and executives leaders, and many of them do lead outside sustainability, but few lead in sustainability, yet. I see as much potential for people to lead from outside those areas as within.” He outlines his “four‐step process, The AIM Method (for Authentic, Intrinsic Motivation). This method overcomes the three nearly universal, mutually‐reinforcing hurdles that lead us to feel helpless and hopeless and to disengage.” The four steps, each described in detail, are in his words 1. Ask them what nature or the environment means to them. 2. Invite them to think of something they can do to act on what they shared. 3. Make it a SMART goal 4. Schedule a follow‐up conversation to hear how it went. He assures readers that “people have solved problems on the scale we need several times.”
Side‐Chain‐Type High Dielectric‐Constant Dipolar Polyimides with Temperature Resistance
Authors: Tang Yadong , Yao Hongyan , Xu Wenhan , Zhu Lixue , Zhang Yunhe , Jiang Zhenhua 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInnovative dielectric materials with high‐temperature resistance and outstanding dielectric properties have attracted tremendous attention in advanced electronical fields. Polyimide(PI) is considered a promising candidate for the modern electronic industry due to its excellent dielectric properties and comprehensive properties. However, the limited‐adjustable range of dielectric constant and the difficulty to obtain a high dielectric constant restrict the application of PI as high dielectric materials. Herein, a novel diamine monomer (2,2′‐bis((methylsulfonyl)methyl)‐[1,1′‐biphenyl]‐4,4′‐diamine (BSBPA)) containing a rigid biphenyl structure and high dipolar sulfonyl pendant groups is designed for high dielectric polyimides. The rigid biphenyl and polar sulfonyl pendant groups can reasonably optimize the molecular structure and orientational polarization of polyimides to improve their dielectric properties and thermal properties. Moreover, the effect of different bridge linkages on the dielectric properties is studied by using the different dianhydrides. Thus, the PI‐BSBPA films especially the DSDA‐BSBPA film (DSDA: 3,3′,4,4′‐diphenylsulfonetetracarboxylic dianhydride) achieve great thermal properties (T5%d of 377 °C and Tg of 358 °C) and excellent dielectric properties (6.95 at 1 kHz) along with high discharged energy density of 5.25 J cm−3 and charge–discharge efficiency of 90%. The collaborative control of main‐chain and side‐chain engineering is effective to endow the polyimides with high‐temperature tolerance and high dielectric performance.
High‐level gonosomal mosaicism for a pathogenic non‐coding CNV deletion of the lung‐specific FOXF1 enhancer in an unaffected mother of an infant with ACDMPV
Authors: Yıldız Bölükbaşı Esra , Karolak Justyna A. , Szafranski Przemyslaw , Gambin Tomasz , Willard Nicholas , Abman Steven H. , Galambos Csaba , Kinsella John P. , Stankiewicz Paweł 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlveolar capillary dysplasia with misalignment of pulmonary veins (ACDMPV) results from haploinsufficiency of the mesenchymal transcription factor FOXF1 gene. To date, only one case of an ACDMPV‐causative CNV deletion inherited from a very‐low level somatic mosaic mother has been reported.MethodsClinical, histopathological, and molecular studies, including whole genome sequencing, chromosomal microarray analysis, qPCR, and Sanger sequencing, followed by in vitro fertilization (IVF) with preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) were used to study a family with a deceased neonate with ACDMPV.ResultsA pathogenic CNV deletion of the lung‐specific FOXF1 enhancer in the proband was found to be inherited from an unaffected mother, 36% mosaic for this deletion in her peripheral blood cells. The qPCR analyses of saliva, buccal cells, urine, nail, and hair samples revealed 19%, 18%, 15%, 19%, and 27% variant allele fraction, respectively, indicating a high recurrence risk. Grandparental studies revealed that the deletion arose on the mother's paternal chromosome 16. PGT studies revealed 44% embryos with the deletion, reflecting high‐level germline mosaicism.ConclusionOur data further demonstrate the importance of parental testing in ACDMPV families and reproductive usefulness of IVF with PGT in families with high‐level parental gonosomal mosaicism.
CHARMM‐GUI Enhanced Sampler for various collective variables and enhanced sampling methods
Authors: Suh Donghyuk , Feng Shasha , Lee Hwayoung , Zhang Han , Park Sang‐Jun , Kim Seonghan , Lee Jumin , Choi Sun , Im Wonpil 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEnhanced sampling methodologies modifying underlying Hamiltonians can be used for the systems with a rugged potential energy surface that makes it hard to observe convergence using conventional unbiased molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We present CHARMM‐GUI Enhanced Sampler, a web‐based tool to prepare various enhanced sampling simulations inputs with user‐selected collective variables (CVs). Enhanced Sampler provides inputs for the following nine methods: accelerated MD, Gaussian accelerated MD, conformational flooding, metadynamics, adaptive biasing force, steered MD, temperature replica exchange MD, replica exchange solute tempering 2, and replica exchange umbrella sampling for the method‐implemented MD packages including AMBER, CHARMM, GENESIS, GROMACS, NAMD, and OpenMM. Users only need to select a group of atoms via intuitive web‐implementation in order to define commonly used nine CVs of interest: center of mass based distance, angle, dihedral, root‐mean‐square‐distance, radius of gyration, distance projected on axis, two types of angles projected on axis, and coordination numbers. The enhanced sampling methods are tested with several biological systems to illustrate their efficiency over conventional MD. Enhanced Sampler with carefully optimized system‐dependent parameters will help users to get meaningful results from their enhanced sampling simulations.
Anti‐Postmenopausal osteoporosis effects of Isopsoralen: A bioinformatics‐integrated experimental study
Authors: Li Hao , Wang Changyuan , Jin Yue , Cai Yuanqing , Yao Jialin , Meng Qiang , Wu Jingjing , Wang Huihan , Sun Huijun , Liu Mozhen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIsopsoralen (IPRN), which comes from the fruit of Psoralea corylifolia, has been identified as a kind of phytoestrogen and has been proven to be effective for the treatment of osteoporosis (OP). However, the mechanisms underlying IPRN's anti‐OP effects, especially the anti‐postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) effects, remain indistinct. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of IPRN's anti‐PMOP activity. In this study, the bioinformatics results predicted that IPRN could resist PMOP by targeting EGFR, AKT1, SRC, CCND1, ESR1 (ER‐α), AR, PGR, BRCA1, PTGS2, and IGF1R. An ovariectomized (OVX) mice model and a H2O2‐induced bone marrow mesenchyml stem cells (BMSCs) model confirmed that IPRN could inhibit the bone loss induced by OVX in mice and promote the osteogenic differentiation in H2O2‐induced BMSCs by inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis. Moreover, IPRN could significantly produce the above effects by upregulating ESR1. IPRN might be a therapeutic agent for PMOP by acting as an estrogen replacement agent and a natural antioxidant.