bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Echinatin induces reactive oxygen species‐mediated apoptosis via JNK/p38 MAPK signaling pathway in colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Kwak Ah‐Won , Lee Jin‐Young , Lee Seung‐On , Seo Ji‐hye , Park Jin Woo , Choi Yung Hyun , Cho Seung‐Sik , Yoon Goo , Lee Mee‐Hyun , Shim Jung‐Hyun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is a very common and deadly cancer worldwide, and oxaliplatin is used as first‐line chemotherapy. However, resistance usually develops, limiting treatment. Echinatin (Ech) is the main component of licorice and exhibits various therapeutic effects on inflammation‐mediated diseases and cancer, ischemia/reperfusion, and liver injuries. The present study elucidated the underlying molecular mechanism of Ech‐induced apoptosis in both oxaliplatin‐sensitive (HT116 and HT29) and ‐resistant (HCT116‐OxR and HT29‐OxR) CRC cells. To evaluate the antiproliferative activities of Ech, we performed MTT and soft agar assays. Ech reduced viability, colony size, and numbers of CRC cells. The underlying molecular mechanisms were explored by various flow cytometry analyses. Ech‐induced annexin‐V stained cells, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, cell cycle arrest, JNK/p38 MAPK activation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization, and multi‐caspase activity. In addition apoptosis‐, cell cycle‐, and ER stress‐related protein levels were confirmed by western blotting. Moreover, we verified ROS‐mediated cell death by treatment with inhibitors such as N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine, SP600125, and SB203580. Taken together, Ech exhibits anticancer activity in oxaliplatin‐sensitive and ‐resistant CRCs by inducing ROS‐mediated apoptosis through the JNK/p38 MAPK signaling pathway. This is the first study to show that Ech has the potential to treat drug‐resistant CRC, providing new directions for therapeutic strategies targeting drug‐resistant CRC.
Characterization of Fritillariae cirrhosae bulbus from multiple sources by potential Q‐marker based on metabolomics and network pharmacology
Authors: Tian Xi , Hou Jiali , Yang Mengxin , Zhang Miaoting , Sun Wenjing , Guan Shuai , Du Yingfeng , Jin Yiran 
Published: October 2022

RationaleFritillaria cirrhosae bulbus (BFC), a typical traditional Chinese medicine with multiple botanical sources, has been used for relieving cough and reducing sputum. Studies have shown that there were obvious differences in the chemical compositions and clinical efficacy of different sources of BFC. How to characterise BFC from botanical sources accurately and quickly is vital for drug quality evaluation and clinical applications.MethodsIn the present study, an integrated strategy of plant metabolomics combined with the target network pharmacology was developed to characterise BFC. Plant metabolomics analysis was performed to screen out the chemical markers of six species of BFC. Then, target network pharmacology was applied to explore the relationship between chemical markers and related diseases. Finally, potential Q‐markers for species characterization were selected by combined analysis of plant metabolomics and the target network pharmacology.ResultsA total of 67 Fritillaria alkaloid compounds were identified. Six species showed clear characterization by multivariate statistical analysis, resulting in 12 chemical markers. Meanwhile, a total of nine components related to asthma were screened out based on the target network pharmacology. Taking content difference and pharmacological activity into consideration, nine constituents were selected as potential Q‐markers.ConclusionThe method developed provided not only a standard protocol for characterising different species of BFC directly, but also an effective approach for multisource medicines discrimination.
Lyapunov matrix‐based method to global robust practical exponential r‐stability for a class of delayed continuous‐time nonlinear systems: Theory and applications
Authors: Yang Xin , Wang Yantao , Yang Xiaona , Zhang Xian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article involves the problem of global robust practical exponential ‐stability for a class of delayed continuous‐time nonlinear systems. By proposing a method based on Lyapunov matrix, a global robust practical exponential ‐stability criterion of the considered systems is established. The criteria are expressed as uncomplicated linear matrix inequalities. Therefore, standard calculation software can be used for verification. In addition, the proposed method is applied to the practical stabilization problem of three‐state turbocharged diesel engine model, and a good control effect is obtained.
Isotopic evaluation of in‐season Y Drop applications for corn production
Authors: Griesheim Kelsey , Mulvaney Richard , Smith Tim , Hertzberger Allan J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA common strategy for improving fertilizer N uptake efficiency by corn (Zea mays L.) is to synchronize application with crop N demand during the growing season, which can be done using the Y Drop system recently developed for surface dribble placement. A 2‐yr field study was conducted using dual‐labeled urea‐ammonium nitrate (UAN) solution to compare fertilizer 15N uptake efficiency (F15NUE) for surface and subsurface sidedress applications to soils of contrasting fertility under either second‐year corn or a corn–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotation. Besides placement, treatments were designed to allow comparison of 15N uptake from UAN applications made at planting vs. at the V9 growth stage. The importance of soil N supply was demonstrated by estimates of N derived from fertilizer that ranged from 17 to 47% in total aboveground biomass and never exceeded N derived from soil. Of the fertilizer N recovered in the crop at harvest, the majority originated from the 15N applied at sidedressing rather than at planting. The range in F15NUE was from 12 to 42% (26% on average) for grain and from 14 to 51% (31% on average) for total aboveground biomass, the only significant difference occurring when the subsurface treatment outperformed Y Drop placement under conditions conducive to urea N loss through NH3 volatilization. Both methods of application offer the same fundamental advantage, in that fertilizer N is supplied during the period of maximal crop uptake.
Justice‐centered community–university partnering: Core tenets of partnering for justice epistemology
Authors: Luehmann April 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper is an introduction to and a synthesis of three papers in this issue written by scholars deeply committed to partnering with communities to understand and enact what it means to realize transformational ends in and through science education. Partnering for justice must be a conversation, a work in progress, and a critical examination that leads to intentional and careful forward movement. It is a beautiful effort at flattening power hierarchies so diverse voices and expertise can be interwoven in service of youth and communities who have been invisibilized and marginalized. Committed to realizing new, hope‐filled futures, the three pairs of authors use their experiences and expertise to shed light on the work of partnering using a temporal lens: considerations related to the beginnings, middles, and endings of partnering, each of which requires special intentionality and care. Together the authors share core overlapping tenets with other critical scholars that could be considered a partnering for justice epistemology. This epistemology underscores how importantly different learning through partnering for justice is from traditional notions of academic research. I close the paper by sharing lessons learned from my own 20‐plus years of partnering for justice, using the tenets of partnering for justice epistemology as a lens.
A Token‐based Compilation Error Categorization and Its Applications
Authors: Wang Haifeng , Liu Hengyuan , Li Zheng , Liu Yong , Sun Fuxiang , Chen Xiang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCompilation errors are unavoidable during the debugging process of novice students. Compiler error messages can help novices to localize and remove errors, but these messages are difficult to understand for students. Previous studies have investigated the compilation error categorization by analyzing compiler error messages, but the categorization cannot cover all kinds of errors, which limits the evaluation of compilation error studies. Therefore, a comprehensive categorization for compilation errors is needed for evaluating the performance of models or tools related to compilation errors. In this study, we first propose a new compilation error categorization, which is based on the smallest unit of the program, tokens. The experiments on 29,573 programs from three datasets show that our proposed compilation error categorization can cover more types of errors and the distribution of the error categorization are significantly different between the datasets. Then, based on our proposed categorization, we develop a neural network model CLACER (CLAssification of Compilation ERrors) for predicting the compilation errors. The results indicate that CLACER can improve the compiler's error localization accuracy and predicts the compilation error effectively. Moreover, based on the proposed categorization, we conduct empirical studies to evaluate the performance of three repairing tools (i.e., DeepFix, RLAssist, and MACER). The comparison results illustrate that DeepFix and RLAssist can fix more errors in the category of delimiter than errors in other categories. Furthermore, MACER performs better than DeepFix and RLAssist because it has a sufficient repairing pattern set for the errors. We also provide some suggestions for improving the repairing tools in the future.
A fuzzing‐based test‐creation approach for evaluating digital TV receivers via transport streams
Authors: Izumi Fabricio , de Lima Filho Eddie B. , Cordeiro Lucas C. , Maia Orlewilson , Fabrício Rômulo , Farias Bruno , Silva Aguinaldo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDigital TV (DTV) receivers are usually submitted to testing systems for conformity and robustness assessment, and their approval implies correct operation under a given DTV specification protocol. However, many broadcasters inadvertently misconfigure their devices and transmit the wrong information concerning data structures and protocol format. Since most receivers were not designed to operate under such conditions, malfunction and incorrect behaviour may be noticed, often recognized as field problems, thus compromising a given system's operation. Moreover, the way those problems are usually introduced in DTV signals presents some randomness, but with known restrictions given by the underlying transport protocols used in DTV systems, which resembles fuzzing techniques. Indeed, everything may happen since any deviation can incur problems, depending on each specific implementation. This error scenario is addressed here, and a novel receiver robustness evaluation methodology based on non‐compliance tests using grammar‐based guided fuzzing is proposed. In particular, devices are submitted to unforeseen conditions and incorrect configuration. They are created with guided fuzzing based on real problems, protocol structure, and system architecture to provide resources for handling them, thus ensuring correct operation. Experiments using such a fuzzing scheme have shown its efficacy and provided opportunities to improve robustness regarding commercial DTV platforms.
CircRPPH1 promotes the stemness of gastric cancer cells by targeting miR‐375/SLC7A11 axis
Authors: Liu Jiayun , Yang Huanjuan , Deng Jie , Jiang Rongqi , Meng Enqing , Wu Hao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study mainly focuses on revealing the role of circRPPH1 in gastric cancer cell stemness. In vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to evaluate the effects of circRPPH1 on gastric cancer cell stemness. Luciferase reporter and RIP assays were implemented to reveal the underlying mechanisms. MiR‐375 directly bound to circRPPH1 in gastric cancer cells. And circRPPH1 acted as an miR‐375 sponge to positively regulate SLC7A11 expression, which has been confirmed to be the direct target of miR‐375 in gastric cancer, and thus regulated ferroptosis. Moreover, circRPPH1 promoted the stemness of gastric cancer cells dependent on the miR‐375/SLC7A11. This study provides a potential target for gastric cancer progression based on the circRPPH1/miR‐375/SLC7A11 regulatory axis.
Unilateral exophthalmos in a dog following bilateral maxillary nerve block for rhinoscopy
Authors: Armour Marc , Borland Karla , Michou Joanne 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLocal anaesthetic techniques are utilised to provide analgesia and anaesthesia during rhinoscopy (and biopsy) in small animals. This report describes the incidence and management of exophthalmos in a 1‐year‐old, male, neutered whippet as a consequence of a retrobulbar haematoma, following inadvertent vessel puncture while performing a maxillary nerve block. The patient recovered fully without further complications following conservative management.
Water insecurity and gender‐based violence: A global review of the evidence
Authors: Tallman Paula S. , Collins Shalean , Salmon‐Mulanovich Gabriela , Rusyidi Binahayati , Kothadia Aman , Cole Stroma 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe reviewed the existing literature documenting the association between water insecurity and gender‐based violence to (1) describe the characteristics and contexts of available studies, and (2) identify and classify documented gender‐based violence across domains of water insecurity (access, affordability, adequacy, reliability, and safety). 18 peer‐reviewed articles mentioned associations between water insecurity and gender‐based violence. All studies were conducted in sub‐Saharan Africa and South Asia and were published in English. The most common manifestation of the relationship between water insecurity and gender‐based violence was an increased risk of sexual and physical violence for women who walked long distances to access water. This was followed by intimate partner violence sparked by the inability to meet domestic obligations due to household water inadequacy. Despite these trends, the domains of water insecurity, and the types of violence experienced by women, were often intertwined. We conclude that there is a dearth of information assessing gender‐based violence and water insecurity, especially in Latin America, North America, and Southeast Asia, and involving locally‐based scholars. We suggest that the spectrum of what is considered “violence” in relation to water insecurity be expanded and that scholars and practitioners adopt the term “gender‐based water violence” to describe water‐related stressors that are so extreme as to threaten human health and well‐being, particularly that of women and girls. Finally, we encourage the development of cross‐culturally validated measures of gender‐based violence, which can be deployed in conjunction with standardized measures of water insecurity, to evaluate interventions that target these linked threats to global health.This article is categorized under:
Engineering Water > Water, Health, and Sanitation
Human Water > Rights to Water
Inequalities in hospitalizations for ambulatory care sensitive conditions in New York City before and after the affordable care act
Authors: Gusmano Michael K. , Weisz Daniel , Rodwin Victor G. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) was signed into law by U.S. President Obama in 2010 and fully implemented in 2014. The ACA expanded health insurance by expanding the Medicaid program, creating health insurance exchanges (now called “marketplaces”) in which people with incomes between 139% and 400% of the federal poverty level, could purchase subsidized insurance coverage, and by regulating health insurance to eliminate practices such as denying coverage to people with pre‐existing conditions, or basing premiums on health status. We investigate the effects of the ACA's implementation on access to ambulatory health services in New York City by comparing rates of hospitalizations for ambulatory care‐sensitive conditions (ACSC) before and after the full implementation of the law. Although the ACA was associated with a significant decrease in the rate of ACSC in NYC, we find that there continue to be systemic inequalities by gender, race, ethnicity, income, and insurance status. We argue that the broader social and economic inequalities at the national and state levels, including tax and spending policies that have led to increased income and wealth inequalities, help explain why we see persistent inequalities in hospitalizations for ACSC.
Nanovaccines to combat virus‐related diseases
Authors: Wu Fuhua , Qin Ming , Wang Hairui , Sun Xun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe invention and application of vaccines have made tremendous contributions to fight against pandemics for human beings. However, current vaccines still have shortcomings such as insufficient cellular immunity, the lack of cross‐protection, and the risk of antibody‐dependent enhancement (ADE). Thus, the prevention and control of pandemic viruses including Ebola Virus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Influenza A viruses, Zika, and current SARS‐CoV‐2 are still extremely challenging. Nanoparticles with unique physical, chemical, and biological properties, hold promising potentials for the development of ideal vaccines against these viral infections. Moreover, the approval of the first nanoparticle‐based mRNA vaccine BNT162b has established historic milestones that greatly inspired the clinical translation of nanovaccines. Given the safety and extensive application of subunit vaccines, and the rapid rise of mRNA vaccines, this review mainly focuses on these two vaccine strategies and provides an overview of the nanoparticle‐based vaccine delivery platforms to tackle the current and next global health challenges.This article is categorized under:
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies
Automated Vehicles – How Do They Relate to Vision Zero
Authors: Lie Anders , Tingvall Claes , Håkansson Maria , Boström Ola 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe ideas to develop and introduce partially or fully automated vehicles are not recent but are not used on any larger scale at this moment. It is though likely that automating different functions, or moving vehicles driverless, will be common sooner or later. In this text, it is discussed how Vision Zero principles relate to the automation of the road transport system. Key findings are that automated vehicles will have to be better than human drivers and their safety system horizon will be key to limiting their functionality. The road transport system will have to be adapted to both failing humans and failing automated vehicles.
“Leapfrog Technology”: Locating Older (South) Africans at the ICT Interface
Authors: Hoffman Jaco 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis chapter positions itself between the demographic and epidemiological transitioning of the youngest world region in terms of population with its leapfrogging of ICT, specifically cell phone technology. Against the background of poverty and the continuing HIV and AIDS epidemic in (South) Africa, this contribution examines the deep penetration and agentic uptake of cell phones by older persons. It situates these users within their physical and family environments, and within the broader dynamics of intergenerational encounters with younger people. Whereas cell phones are often associated with youth culture, this chapter argues that older persons are very much part of the presence, circulation, and use of information and communication technologies (ICT), albeit for most of them on a basic level. Key cross-cutting strategic considerations for their ICT uptake involve intergenerational investment; harnessing the potential of new technologies for older persons; and inclusion of their input in ICT responses to their needs. To further the aim of achieving a society for all ages, ICT responses are proposed in the domains of social and health care, service delivery, and later-life learning.
Municipal Service Delivery to Older Persons: Contextualizing Opportunities for ICT Interventions
Authors: Roos Vera , du Plessis Anél , Hoffman Jaco 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis chapter has a threefold aim: (1) to contextualize older persons’ inclusivity at municipal level as outlined in Goal 11 of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and international, African regional and South African law and policy frameworks; (2) to obtain an assessment of service delivery by local government, and (3) to reflect on gaps in service delivery and offer suggestions. Stratified sampling was used and information obtained through semi-structured interviews, emailed responses and focus groups from representatives (n = 17) on three local government levels, NGO representatives (n = 5), and officials from the South African Local Government Association (SALGA) and the Department of Social Development (n = 26). A sample of older persons (n = 302) from a rural area and two large towns in North West and Gauteng provinces completed questionnaires and participated in semi-structured interviews (n = 14) and focus groups (n = 22). Findings indicated compromised service delivery related to local government officials’ systemic, managerial, and capacity challenges. Municipal services were either non-existent or age-inappropriate. Local government’s unresponsiveness leaves older people at risk—particularly those who lack social networks. We present suggestions to address the disconnect between the intent of laws and policies for inclusivity and municipal service delivery, and the service delivery experiences of older persons.
Older South Africans’ Access to Service Delivery through Technology: A Process Overview
Authors: Roos Vera 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis chapter introduces a process designed to support older individuals’ inclusion in technology and access to information. This process informed the development and dissemination of our technology artefact for providing information about local services to older South Africans. But essential baseline data of their cell phone use was lacking. In 2014, for the first self-funded study iGNiTe: Older Individuals’ Cell Phone Use and Intra/Intergenerational Networks, a questionnaire and qualitative interview questions were developed. Student fieldworkers were trained to obtain information and facilitate older individuals’ engagement with technology. Older participants (n = 128) completed the questionnaire, and qualitative data came from 52 participants. In 2017, we obtained funding and launched a second, broader project we-DELIVER: Holistic service delivery to older people by local government through ICTs―with its own logical framework. Older participants across research settings responded to a revised questionnaire (n = 302) and provided qualitative data, and student fieldworkers (n = 160) reflected on their interactions with the participants. The findings from both data-collection initiatives informed the development of the Yabelana (‘sharing of information’) ICT ecosystem (website, app and Unstructured supplementary service data code [USSD]), which was disseminated to older participants and stakeholders in a workshop and policy brief.