bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on Key Technology of Anti-sliding Treatment of Resin Thin Layer of Bascule Bridge Steel Panel
Authors: Wu Di , Han Yafang , Jin Xiayu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThere is relatively little research on steel deck pavement of bascule bridge at home and abroad, which usually adopts the same paving materials and structures as ordinary steel deck, but it can’t meet the normal application conditions. In order to improve the anti-sliding performance of steel deck pavement of bascule bridge, this paper provides a set of steel deck pavement technology of bascule bridge through theoretical analysis of mechanics of bascule bridge and research of pavement materials. The engineering application research shows that the anti-sliding performance of the pavement back layer is obviously improved. After 7 months of application, the pavement layer has a good overall structure, and the bonding strength is still stable at 3.57 MPa, with good durability and good social benefits.
Fast Algorithm for Completion State Calculating of Wire Rope Cable Bridge
Authors: Feng Yang , Song Dan , Li Minghui 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWhen determining the completion state of the main cable of a cableway bridge, although the catenary theory can accurately consider the nonlinear mechanical effect of the cable, the iterative calculation is cumbersome and not convenient for engineering applications. Although the calculation based on the parabola theory is simple, the calculation accuracy for long cables is low. In this paper, based on catenary theory and considering the calculation accuracy and avoiding iterative calculation, a fast algorithm for the completion state of the main cable of the wire rope cableway bridge is proposed. The results show that the bridge state can be quickly and accurately determined by approximating the horizontal component of the cable tension and avoiding multiple iterative calculations. The proposed algorithm can be used in engineering design and construction.
Risikokommunikation zum Schutz vor Gefahrstoffen am Arbeitsplatz
Authors: Pipke Rüdiger , Wilmes Annette 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungGefahrstoffe sind in der Arbeitswelt allgegenwärtig. Beschäftigte aus allen Branchen sind bei ihrer Arbeit mit Gefahrstoffen unterschiedlichen Risiken ausgesetzt. Dies betrifft auch Personen, die nicht unmittelbar mit Gefahrstoffen umgehen (Bystander). Risikokommunikation im Arbeitsschutz spricht verschiedene Zielgruppen an. Das Spektrum reicht vom Groß- zum Kleinunternehmer über Sicherheitsfachkräfte, Betriebsärzte, Betriebs- und Personalräte bis hin zu den Beschäftigten und der breiten Öffentlichkeit. Risikokommunikation im Arbeitsschutz hat das Ziel, entlang von Lieferketten Risikobewusstsein bei Herstellern, Arbeitgebern und den Beschäftigten zu schaffen, risikohaftes Verhalten zu vermindern und risikominderndes Verhalten zu bestärken.In diesem Beitrag werden Instrumente der Risikokommunikation erläutert und bezüglich ihrer Wirksamkeit betrachtet. Das betrifft verbindliche Instrumente im europäischen Binnenmarkt wie das Gefahrenetikett oder das Sicherheitsdatenblatt (SDB). Auf Ebene der Gefahrstoffverordnung sind es die Technischen Regeln für Gefahrstoffe (TRGS), Grenzwerte, das Einfache Maßnahmenkonzept Gefahrstoffe (EMKG) und als kreatives Instrument die Objekte der „DASA Arbeitswelt Ausstellung“ in Dortmund. Der Beitrag zeigt, dass eine Anpassung der Instrumente besonders für kleine und kleinste Unternehmen notwendig ist, damit diese einen passenden Einstieg in die Risikobewertung finden. Oft sind diesen die vorhandenen Instrumente nicht bekannt, zu umfangreich oder schwer verständlich. Handlungsempfehlungen wären hier hilfreich. Vorliegende wissenschaftliche Studien konzentrieren sich eher auf die Defizite in der Risikobewertung als auf die Entwicklung von effizienten Wegen der Risikokommunikation. Hier sind weitere Analysen der Bedürfnisse unterschiedlicher Zielgruppen für eine adressatengerechte Risikokommunikation erforderlich.
A local magnitude scale for a volcanic region: the Canary Islands, Spain
Authors: Rueda Juan , Mezcua Julio 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this study, we define a local magnitude scale for earthquakes occurring in the Canary Islands during the 2003–2020 period. We used data corresponding to 696 earthquakes (excluding those associated with the 2011–2015 El Hierro eruption), which consisted of 9267 observations in a hypocentral distance in the range of 10–500 km. Amplitudes were obtained by deconvolving the original recordings with the instrument response and then convolving the recording with the Wood-Anderson response. The amplitudes were inverted simultaneously to obtain the distance correction terms and station corrections. We found that the amplitude for this set of data is linearly attenuated. However, this is not the case for the seismicity recorded during the 2011 El Hierro eruption, which is the reason for excluding data for that case. We obtain a local magnitude ofML = logA + 0.967 log (R/40) + 0.00142 (R − 40) + 2.445 + S, whereAis the maximum amplitude in millimeters of the S wave for the horizontal components of the simulated Wood-Anderson instrument (WA),Ris the hypocentral distance in kilometers, andSis the station correction for each component at every station. This relationship indicates that seismic waves at this island volcano setting are less attenuated than those in crustal continental settings, such as across the Iberian Peninsula or in California.
Smart network based portfolios
Authors: Clemente Gian Paolo , Grassi Rosanna , Hitaj Asmerilda 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this article we deal with the problem of portfolio allocation by enhancing network theory tools. We propose the use of the correlation network dependence structure in constructing some well-known risk-based models in which the estimation of the correlation matrix is a building block in the portfolio optimization. We formulate and solve all these portfolio allocation problems using both the standard approach and the network-based approach. Moreover, in constructing the network-based portfolios we propose the use of three different estimators for the covariance matrix: the sample, the shrinkage toward constant correlation and the depth-based estimators . All the strategies under analysis are implemented on three high-dimensional portfolios having different characteristics. We find that the network-based portfolio consistently performs better and has lower risk compared to the corresponding standard portfolio in an out-of-sample perspective.
Practical consideration for successful sequential tumor biopsies in first-in-human trials
Authors: Koyama Takafumi , Shimizu Toshio , Sato Jun , Katsuya Yuki , Iwasa Satoru , Kondo Shunsuke , Yoshida Tatsuya , Sudo Kazuki , Nishino Makoto , Takiguchi Yuichi , Yonemori Kan , Yamamoto Noboru 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn first-in-human (FIH) trials, sequential tumor biopsies, i.e., two consecutive tumor biopsies, the first performed at baseline (pretreatment) and the second during the early treatment period (on-treatment), provide proof of concept in investigational new drugs. We evaluated the success of sequential tumor biopsies in FIH trials, and explored approaches for improved success rates. We retrospectively reviewed the sequential tumor biopsies required in 17 of 52 FIH trials conducted from 2015 to 2020. One hundred and thirty-eight patients were identified. Success of either pretreatment or on-treatment biopsy alone, and of sequential tumor biopsies, was defined as the acquisition of viable tumor cells and as obtaining tumor cells from both biopsy specimens, respectively. The success rates of pretreatment and on-treatment biopsy were 98.6% and 94.2%, respectively, and of sequential tumor biopsies was 70.3%. Adverse events associated with the pretreatment biopsies (33.3% positive; 72.0% negative) and timing of the first imaging assessment (before on-treatment biopsy = 40.0%; after on-treatment biopsy = 82.7%) correlated with successful sequential tumor biopsies. The reasons for unsuccessful sequential tumor biopsies could be categorized into two groups: 1) patient refusal of the on-treatment biopsy (most frequently due to early disease progression); and 2) absence of tumor cells in the pretreatment or on-treatment biopsy specimen. We propose an approach to achieving greater success in sequential tumor biopsies in FIH trials; the first imaging assessment during the study should be scheduled after on-treatment biopsy. (Registration number UMIN000042487, Date of registration November 18, 2020).
Trends and Issues in MOOC Learning Analytics Empirical Research: A Systematic Literature Review (2011–2021)
Authors: Zhu Meina , Sari Annisa R. , Lee Mimi Miyoung 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLearning analytics (LA) is a growing research trend and has recently been used in research and practices in massive open online courses (MOOCs). This systematic review of 166 articles from 2011–2021 synthesizes the trends and critical issues of LA in MOOCs. The eight-step process proposed by Okoli and Schabram was used to guide this systematic review in analyzing publication outlets, research purposes and methods, stakeholders, and researchers’ geographic locations and subjects. The review showed that MOOC LA research is primarily published in top-tier journals, such as the Journal of Learning Analytics, Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, and Computers & Education, as well as conference proceedings. The review also revealed that LA in MOOCs was used more frequently for the purpose of research than for practice (i.e., learning and teaching). Approximately 60% of the reviewed studies adopted learners’ log data and achievement data as the primary data sources. Statistics, machine learning, content analysis, social network analysis, text analysis, and data visualization were the top six specific data analysis techniques used in the MOOC LA studies. Regarding collaboration, more than half of the reviewed studies involved interdisciplinary collaborations, and approximately one-third involved international collaborations. We suggested future studies on MOOC LA interventions to improve learning and teaching practices, and the active interdisciplinary collaboration to increase the rigor of the studies and the dissemination of the knowledge. More detailed discussion and implications for research and practice are presented. This research provides insights on future research and practices regarding LA use in MOOCs.
Heavy metal content and potential ecological risk assessment of sediments from Khnifiss Lagoon National Park (Morocco)
Authors: Tnoumi Ali , Angelone Massimo , Armiento Giovanna , Caprioli Raffaela , Crovato Cinzia , De Cassan Maurizio , Montereali Maria Rita , Nardi Elisa , Parrella Luisa , Proposito Marco , Schirone Antonio , Spaziani Fabio , Zourarah Bendahhou 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCoastal lagoons are important but sensitive environments, being transitional zones between land and sea. The Khnifiss lagoon is the most important desert wetland in Morocco, but little data have been produced concerning heavy metal geochemistry and enrichments in the sediments. Therefore, 26 surface sediments (15 intertidal and 11 subtidal) and 2 sediment cores were collected in 2016 and analyzed for a selection of heavy metals. The data were processed to assess the degree of contamination and the corresponding potential ecological risk, using several accumulation/enrichment indices, and the singular and multi-metal risk indices. Mean concentrations in the bottom layers of the two cores, dating from a pre-industrial age according to geochronological analysis, were used as the local geochemical background. The resulting values were on the whole lower than those reported for other areas of the northeastern coast of Morocco. Multivariate statistics were also applied to better understand relationships among variables (metals and other geochemical parameters) and to reveal similarities among sample groups. The results showed that, although the lagoon is not yet affected by significant anthropogenic influences, small enrichments can be recognized, especially for Ni and Cd. The cause may be related to the proximity to the main national highway, the vehicles and machinery used in the saltworks located in the area, and the small harbors used principally for fishing. In addition, industrial emissions from the Atlantic coast of Morocco and adjacent countries can be reasonably attributed as additional contributors to the enrichments. In terms of potential ecological risk, Cd shows the greatest impact compared to the other metals investigated.
Improving nitrogen use efficiency in irrigated cotton production
Authors: Scheer Clemens , Rowlings David W. , Antille Diogenes L. , De Antoni Migliorati Massimiliano , Fuchs Kathrin , Grace Peter R. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIrrigated cotton in Australia is mainly grown on heavy textured soils which are prone to waterlogging, resulting in significant losses of nitrogen (N) via denitrification and surface run-off. This study investigated fertiliser nitrogen use efficiency (fNUE) over three seasons on five commercial cotton farms using the 15N tracer technique. Fertiliser NUE was consistently low across all fertilised treatments, with on average 47% of the applied fertiliser lost and only 17% of the N taken up by the crop derived from fertiliser. There was no significant effect of different N fertiliser products and rates on cotton lint yield. High lint yields (0.9–3.6 Mg ha−1) could be achieved even without the application of N fertiliser, demonstrating mineralisation of soil organic N, residual fertiliser, or N returned with crop residues, as key source of N in these cropping systems. Using the nitrification inhibitor DMPP and overhead instead of furrow irrigation showed potential to reduce N fertiliser losses. The results demonstrate that under current on-farm management fNUE is low on irrigated cotton farms in Australia and highlight the need to account for soil N stocks and mineralisation rates when assessing optimized fertiliser rates. There is substantial scope to improve fNUE and reduce N losses without any impact on lint yield, by adjusting N fertiliser application rates, in particular in combination with the use of the nitrification inhibitor DMPP. Using overhead instead of furrow irrigation is a promising approach to improve not only water use efficiency, but also fNUE in irrigated cotton systems.
Scale-Invariant Scale-Channel Networks: Deep Networks That Generalise to Previously Unseen Scales
Authors: Jansson Ylva , Lindeberg Tony 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe ability to handle large scale variations is crucial for many real-world visual tasks. A straightforward approach for handling scale in a deep network is to process an image at several scales simultaneously in a set of scale channels. Scale invariance can then, in principle, be achieved by using weight sharing between the scale channels together with max or average pooling over the outputs from the scale channels. The ability of such scale-channel networks to generalise to scales not present in the training set over significant scale ranges has, however, not previously been explored. In this paper, we present a systematic study of this methodology by implementing different types of scale-channel networks and evaluating their ability to generalise to previously unseen scales. We develop a formalism for analysing the covariance and invariance properties of scale-channel networks, including exploring their relations to scale-space theory, and exploring how different design choices, unique to scaling transformations, affect the overall performance of scale-channel networks. We first show that two previously proposed scale-channel network designs, in one case, generalise no better than a standard CNN to scales not present in the training set, and in the second case, have limited scale generalisation ability. We explain theoretically and demonstrate experimentally why generalisation fails or is limited in these cases. We then propose a new type of foveated scale-channel architecture, where the scale channels process increasingly larger parts of the image with decreasing resolution. This new type of scale-channel network is shown to generalise extremely well, provided sufficient image resolution and the absence of boundary effects. Our proposed FovMax and FovAvg networks perform almost identically over a scale range of 8, also when training on single-scale training data, and do also give improved performance when learning from data sets with large scale variations in the small sample regime.
The effect of zeolite incorporation on the physical properties of silver-reinforced glass ionomer cement
Authors: Lang Spencer , Hao Jessica , Mante Francis , Pavelic Kresimir , Ozer Fusun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractZeolite can impart antibacterial properties to dental materials in the long-term when incorporated with inorganic cations. However, due to its porosity, it may jeopardize the mechanical integrity of the dental material. The aim of this project was to determine the effect on physical properties when zeolite is added to commercially available Ag-reinforced Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC). Sample groups were prepared according to the percentage of zeolite-clinoptilolite (0% - control, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, and 4% wt) added to Ag-GIC. Water sorption, solubility, Vickers hardness, and flexural strength were determined. Specifically, 10 × 2 mm circular disks were fabricated for the Vickers hardness, water sorption, and water solubility tests and 25 × 5 × 2 mm bars were created for the flexural strength test. The results from the surface hardness, water sorption, and flexural strength tests suggested that adding 0.5–4% wt of zeolite to Ag-reinforced GIC did not diminish its physical properties. However, the water solubility results showed that higher concentrations (2–4% wt) of zeolite had a statistically significant increase in water solubility compared to the control. Up to 4% wt zeolite can be incorporated into Ag-reinforced GIC without compromising mechanical properties. Incorporation of 0.5–1% wt zeolite to Ag-reinforced GIC will maintain an adequate surface hardness, water sorption, and flexural strength without compromising water solubility. Further research is needed to determine the effects of higher water solubility on clinical efficacy of zeolite modified Ag-GIC.
An empirical evaluation of two natural hand interaction systems in augmented reality
Authors: Serrano Ramiro , Morillo Pedro , Casas Sergio , Cruz-Neira Carolina 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHuman-computer interaction based on hand gesture tracking is not uncommon in Augmented Reality. In fact, the most recent optical Augmented Reality devices include this type of natural interaction. However, due to hardware and system limitations, these devices, more often than not, settle for semi-natural interaction techniques, which may not always be appropriate for some of the tasks needed in Augmented Reality applications. For this reason, we compare two different optical Augmented Reality setups equipped with hand tracking. The first one is based on a Microsoft HoloLens (released in 2016) and the other one is based on a Magic Leap One (released more than two years later). Both devices offer similar solutions for the visualization and registration problems but differ in the hand tracking approach, since the former uses a metaphoric hand-gesture tracking and the latter relies on an isomorphic approach. We raise seven research questions regarding these two setups, which we answer after performing two task-based experiments using virtual elements, of different sizes, that are moved using natural hand interaction. The questions deal with the accuracy and performance achieved with these setups and also with user preference, recommendation and perceived usefulness. For this purpose, we collect both subjective and objective data about the completion of these tasks. Our initial hypothesis was that there would be differences, in favor of the isomorphic and newer setup, in the use of hand interaction. However, the results surprisingly show that there are very small objective differences between these setups, and the isomorphic approach is not significantly better in terms of accuracy and mistakes, although it allows a faster completion of one of the tasks. In addition, no remarkable statistically significant differences can be found between the two setups in the subjective datasets gathered through a specific questionnaire. We also analyze the opinions of the participants in terms of usefulness, preference and recommendation. The results show that, although the Magic Leap-based system gets more support, the differences are not statistically significant.
Analysis of the model-based corrector approach for explicit cosimulation
Authors: Haid Timo , Watzenig Daniel , Stettinger Georg 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn many industries, the focus of testing is currently shifting away from classical hardware tests to the virtual verification and validation of products. To this end, cosimulation has become a common tool for the simulation and analysis of complex systems that span multiple engineering domains and usually involve multiple, heterogeneous and application-specific simulation environments. In particular, the so-called explicit cosimulation allows a widespread application since it has minimal requirements regarding the capabilities of the tool interfaces. However, explicit cosimulation also poses a numerical challenge, especially when the system includes stiff coupling loops. The model-based corrector approach presented in Haid et al. (The 5th Joint International Conference on Multibody System Dynamics, 2018) provides a method for the efficient cosimulation of such systems. In this article, this model-based corrector approach is extended to additional extrapolation methods. By modeling the cosimulation process through a linear recurrence equation and applying it to the two-mass oscillator test model, the influence of model-based correction on the underlying extrapolation methods in terms of stability, accuracy, and error convergence is analyzed. It is shown that adding model-based correction can significantly improve the overall cosimulation, allowing $>10$
>
10
times larger macrostep sizes or reducing the cosimulation error by a factor of 10 or more in some cases.