bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the clinical efficacy of a self‐made acne prescription based on high‐throughput sequencing
Authors: Wang Liangyi , Wu Jingdong , Zhang Xiaoqing , Gu Wei , Han Xiaoqing 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe used high‐throughput sequencing on skin microbial flora to assess the effectiveness of an acne prescription to formulate evidence for clinical decision‐making.MethodsWe randomized 20 outpatients into two groups. The treatment group was given the acne formula orally. The control group took capsules of the Chinese patent medicine Qingre Anchuang. Both groups used a chloramphenicol tincture externally. After 14 days of treatment, we collected their skin samples and extracted the deoxyribonucleic acid for analysis.ResultsForty samples were sequenced in this experiment, and of these, 1865 operational taxonomic units were obtained, belonging to 736 genera and 853 strains of 34 phyla. By alpha and beta diversity analysis, the abundance of microbial species in both the experimental and control groups before treatment was higher than after treatment, indicating the intervention drugs in this experiment had a bacteriostatic effect. Through the analysis of variance, we found that Subdoligranulum, Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, and Akkermansia displayed large changes during the treatment. According to the linear discriminant analysis effect size, we discovered the bacteria groups with the greatest changes in the control group after treatment were Firmicutes, Clostridia, Proteobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria. The flora of the experimental group before and after treatment were Corynebacteriaceae, Corynebacteriales, Cutibacterium, Propionibacteriales, Propionibacteriaceae, and Actinobacteria.ConclusionThe acne prescription had a reliable intervention effect on some epidermal microbial flora of patients with acne vulgaris and could inhibit the growth of acne‐related microbial flora, such as Propionibacterium.
Prediction model of persistent ovulatory dysfunction in Korean women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Han Soo Jin , Kim Hoon , Hong Yun Soo , Kim Sung Woo , Ku Seung‐Yup , Suh Chang Suk 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimThere is no validated tool to predict persistent ovulatory dysfunction after medication with oral contraceptives in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which is the most severe subtype of PCOS. We aimed to build a model to predict persistent ovulatory dysfunction after medication of oral contraceptives in women with PCOS.MethodsA total of 286 patients with PCOS were treated with and without oral contraceptives at a tertiary academic medical center. Data were obtained from the electronic medical record system between January 2016 and March 2019. A risk prediction model was developed using multivariable logistic regression. Model 1 was based on age and chief complaints and Model 2 further included predictors evaluated during a clinic visit. Model 3 additionally included laboratory findings.ResultsOf the study population, ovulatory dysfunction was persistent in 117 patients (40.9%). Compared with the simple model (Models 1 and 2), the full prediction model (Model 3) had better Akaike's information criterion (286, 244 vs. 225) and the area under the curve (AUC) increased from 0.74 and 0.79 to 0.84. The full model included 7 covariates measured during the evaluation of PCOS, and two covariates were significant predictors of persistent ovulatory dysfunction in PCOS: age (OR 0.91; 95% CI 0.84–0.97), and anti‐Müllerian hormone (OR 1.17; 95% CI 1.09–1.26). This model demonstrated good discrimination (AUC, 0.84) and calibration (Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness of fit test, p = 0.74).ConclusionsThis prediction model was shown to be a useful method for predicting persistent ovulatory dysfunction after oral contraceptive medication in patients with PCOS.
A randomized comparison of hemodynamic changes in response to a heart rate‐dependent phenylephrine/ephedrine protocol versus ephedrine‐only for spinal hypotension during elective cesarean section
Authors: Uerpairojkit Ketchada , Thongthaweeporn Nutnicha , Anusorntanawat Ratikorn , Pipanmekaporn Tanyong , Hinthong Thanoo , Bunchungmongkol Nutchanart , Simarangsan Nawaporn 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimTo compare incidences of abnormal heart rate (HR) between the phenylephrine/ephedrine protocol (P/E protocol) against the ephedrine‐only (C) protocol, conventionally used for treating predelivery hypotension following spinal anesthesia for cesarean section.MethodsTwo hundred and sixty‐eight parturients with pre‐delivery hypotension after spinal anesthesia were equally randomized to (1) Group P/E (n = 134), phenylephrine 100 mcg in 10 mL intravenously if HR ≥ 60 beats/min (bpm), or ephedrine 6 mg intravenously if HR < 60 bpm, and 2) Group C (n = 134). The primary outcome was the incidence of the parturients with abnormal HR after vasopressor administration. The secondary outcome was the mean differences of HR and hypotensive periods during the pre‐delivery period.ResultsThere was no significant difference of between‐group incidences of bradycardia (12.0% in Group P/E vs 6.7% in Group C, p = 0.136) and tachycardia (26.9% vs 35.8%, p = 0.114). Mean HR was 81.9 bpm (95% confidence interval [CI] 79.9, 84.3) in Group P/E, and 88.8 bpm (86.8, 90.6) in Group C (p < 0.001). The duration of hypotension in relation to the time interval from spinal anesthesia to delivery was 20.9% (95% CI 18.4–23.2) in Group P/E, and 26.5% (23.9–29.3) in Group C (p < 0.01). The calculated area under the curve (AUC) of abnormal HR in relation to time was significantly reduced only in Group P/E (p < 0.010).ConclusionsThe incidences of out‐of‐range HR were comparable, but the P/E protocol resulted in a lower mean HR and better control of systolic blood pressure than the ephedrine‐only protocol.
Intrauterine fetal death during COVID‐19 pregnancy: Typical fetal heart rate changes, coagulopathy, and placentitis
Authors: Kato Maya , Yamaguchi Kyohei , Maegawa Yuka , Komine‐Aizawa Shihoko , Kondo Eiji , Ikeda Tomoaki 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAlthough various perinatal outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pregnancies have been reported, the fetal and neonatal consequences of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection remain unclear. Several reports of miscarriages and stillbirths have been recorded, but vertical transmission by SARS‐CoV‐2 is considered very rare, and the cause remains unknown. We report a case of a 22‐year‐old uncomplicated Japanese woman infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 during the second trimester, resulting in intrauterine fetal death due to placental insufficiency associated with COVID‐19 placentitis. This report emphasizes the importance of longitudinal assessment of fetal well‐being by fetal heart rate monitoring and early detection of maternal coagulation dysfunction representing SARS‐CoV‐2 inflammation to manage COVID‐19 in pregnancy.
Assessment of safety and quality aspects of boiling treatment of quail eggs
Authors: Saad M.F. , Fadel M.A. , Abd El-Hafeez M.S. , Abdel-Salam A.B. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A total of 300 quail eggs were collected randomly from different markets in Cairo and Giza Governorates. Five eggs were represented as one egg sample. Shell and content of each egg were examined for their microbiological contents, sensory evaluation and study of Escherichia coli O157 survival in artificially contaminated eggs. Moreover, qualitative detection of antimicrobial residues by seven plates microbiologically bioassay and confirmed by validated high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods for positively reacted antimicrobials in raw and boiled samples. There was a significant difference (P &lt; 0·05) between the grading score of eggs after the boiling at 2-, 4-, 5- and 7-min. Based on the survival results, the refrigeration storage and boiling for 5 min of quail eggs was confirmed that such eggs are without E. coli O157. After the boil, the concentrations of oxytetracycline (OTC) and 4-Epi-OTC residues were significantly reduced, and there was no effect on the concentration of sulphadimidine (SDD), amoxicillin (AMO) and Diketo residues. Samples that exceeded the maximum residual limits (MRLs) were 17·0%, 12·0%, 10·0%, 16·0% and 14·0% for SDD, OTC, 4-Epi-OTC, AMO and Diketo, respectively. After boiling, no significant change was noted for SDD, AMO and Diketo, but all OTC and 4-Epi-OTC were completely below MRLs. Therefore, SDD and AMO with their metabolite (Diketo) are heat-stable antimicrobial residues with multiple human health hazards.
Promoting cultural diversity in Buenos Aires throughcolectividades: The case of Buenos Aires Celebra
Authors: Natolo Michelle , Natolo Stephanie 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRising unemployment, poverty, and xenophobic discourse in politics and the media led the Buenos Aires City Government to distance itself from Argentine migration policies that have historically favored Europeans. This article discusses how the Buenos Aires City Government has recreated intercultural policies and cultural tourism entrepreneurism that recognizes and emphasizes cultural diversity and pluralism under the framework of human rights. It shows how since 2009, the city government under former President Mauricio Macri has applied the rhetoric of “pluralism” to establish the business ofcolectividadwith the year‐long festival,Buenos Aires Celebra. This intercultural branding program pays tribute to more than 50colectividadesin Argentina, increasing the visibility of non‐European communities. Various stakeholders take part in theBuenos Aires Celebraseries, which projects an image of inclusivity and diversity. Meanwhile, at a state level, the city government with its minimal financial input benefits economically and politically.
The end of life of patients with COVID‐19 in intensive care unit and the stress level on their family members: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Galazzi Alessandro , Binda Filippo , Gambazza Simone , Cantù Filippo , Colombo Elisa , Adamini Ileana , Grasselli Giacomo , Lusignani Maura , Laquintana Dario , Rasero Laura 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundDuring the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, hospital visits were suspended and video calls were offered to connect patients with their family members, especially toward the end of life (EoL).AimThe primary aim was to describe EoL care for COVID‐19 patients dying in an intensive care unit (ICU). The secondary aim was to explore whether making video calls and allowing visits was associated with lower death‐related stress in family members.DesignSingle centre cross‐sectional study. The setting was the ICU of a COVID‐19 center in northern Italy, during the first year of the pandemic. Data on patients who died in the ICU were collected; death‐related stress on their family members was measured using the Impact of Event Scale‐Revised (IES‐R). The statistical association was tested by means of logistic regression.ResultsThe study sample included 70 patients and 56 family members. All patients died with mechanical ventilation, hydration, nutrition, analgesia and sedation ongoing. Resuscitation procedures were performed in 5/70 patients (7.1%). Only 6/56 (10.7%) of the family members interviewed had visited their loved ones in the ICU and 28/56 (50%) had made a video call. EoL video calls were judged useful by 53/56 family members (94.6%) but all (56/56, 100%) wished they could have visited the patient. High‐stress levels were found in 38/56 family members (67.9%), regardless of whether they were allowed ICU access or made a video call. Compared with other degrees of kinship, patients' offspring were less likely to show a positive IES‐R score (odds ratio [OR] 0.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.05 to 0.89).ConclusionsDuring the first year of the COVID‐19 pandemic, patients died without their family members at the bedside while on life‐sustaining treatment. Stress levels were high in most family members, especially in patients' spouses. Video calls or ICU visits were judged favourably by family members but insufficient to alleviate death‐related stress.Relevance for Clinical PracticeDuring a pandemic, ICU access by patients' family members should be considered, particularly as the time of death approaches. Although generally appreciated by family members, EoL video calls should be arranged together with other measures to alleviate death‐related stress, especially for the patient's spouse.
COVID‐19, economic crises and digitalisation: How algorithmic management became an alternative to automation
Authors: Schaupp Simon 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe COVID‐19 crisis witnessed a major rise in investment in software for the digital organisation and rationalisation of work, while investment in robotics is continuously lagging behind expectations. This article argues that we can understand this development as the continuation of the rise of algorithmic management as a technological fix for profitability crises. Thus, in the face of falling wage rates and a structural overaccumulation of capital since the 1970s, algorithmic management has become an alternative to automation. The article reconstructs the history of algorithmic management in connection to economic crises. This allows for periodisation of the rise of algorithmic management from 'computer‐integrated manufacturing' to remote work in four waves. In times of crisis, algorithmic management functions as a substitute for investment in 'tangible capital' such as robots. Structural economic forces thus interact with labour conflicts at the company level, shaping the rise of algorithmic management.
Factors Associated with Shoulder Range of Motion After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Hospital‐Based Prospective Study
Authors: Li Zhennan , Hu Gangfeng , Zhu Yuan , Xu Fangqi , Ye Jiakuan , Guan Jie , Guan Hong 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveTo assess the factors associated with outcomes of arthroscopic surgical repair of rotator cuff tears (RCTs).MethodThis prospective study recruited patients, at least 18 years old, who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair for full‐thickness RCTs at the First People's Hospital of Hangzhou Xiaoshan between July 2019 and October 2020. Patient demographics, lifestyle habits, and medical histories were collected preoperatively; RCT sizes and affected tendons were determined intraoperatively. Outcomes were assessed by shoulder range of motion (ROM) determinations 1.5 and 3 months postoperatively. The factors associated with ROM were determined using a binary logistic regression analysis, and the results were expressed as adjusted relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsA total of 132 patients with RCTs underwent arthroscopic surgery. Five were lost to follow‐up, leaving 127 patients (mean age, 59 years; 58.3% women) who were included in the study analysis. The majority of the patients (54.5%) had RCTs that were classified as large or massive, and approximately 20% had tears involving multiple tendons; 80.3% of the patients had tears involving only a single tendon. Moreover, 29.9% of the patients had hypertension and 11.0% had diabetes. Among the patients, 23.0% were smokers and 34.6% drank alcohol. According to the multivariate analysis, none of the assessed factors were associated with shoulder ROM at the 1.5‐month follow‐up. At the 3‐month follow‐up, RCTs involving a single tendon demonstrated 3‐fold better abduction (RR = 4.00; 95% CI, 1.30–12.33; P = 0.016) and 3.15‐fold better internal rotation (RR = 3.15; 95% CI, 1.19–8.36; P = 0.021) than did RCTs involving multiple tendons. Patients who did not drink alcohol demonstrated 6.08‐fold better anteflexion (RR = 7.08; 95% CI, 2.11–23.73; P = 0.002) and nearly 4‐fold better abduction (RR = 4.97; 95% CI, 1.62–15.23; P = 0.005) than patients who drank alcohol.ConclusionTo improve outcomes, the results indicate that more targeted measures should be directed toward patients with multiple‐tendon RCTs and that preoperative alcohol abstinence education is needed for patients with RCTs.
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Simple Plate Fixation and Plate Combined with Local Fixation of Broken Ends in the Treatment of Oblique Fracture of Midshaft Clavicle
Authors: Gao Gong‐ming , Zhang Yi , Li Hai‐bo , Nong Lu‐ming , Zhou Xin‐die , Jiang Wei , Han Long 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveTo compare the clinical efficacy of performing simple plate fixation with that using a plate combined with fracture end fixation to investigate the necessity of fracture end fixation outside the plate in cases of oblique fracture of the middle clavicle.MethodsThis was a retrospective follow‐up study of patients with middle clavicle oblique fractures (Robinson types 2A1 and 2A2) between 2015 and 2020. Patients were divided into two groups according to their treatment options: the simple plate fixation (SPF) group (n = 79; 43 men and 36 women; average age, 46.37 ± 14.54 years) and the plate combined with fracture local fixation (PLFP) group (n = 81; 36 men and 45 women; average age, 48.42 ± 12.55 years). Intraoperative blood loss, operation time, postoperative fracture healing time, postoperative shoulder function score (Constant–Murley and disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand [DASH] scores), clinical complications, and postoperative subjective satisfaction were compared between the two groups.ResultsOne hundred sixty patients with a sufficient follow‐up period were included in the final analysis: 79 in the SPF group (follow‐up time: 16.24 ± 3.94 months) and 81 in the PLFP group (follow‐up time: 16.15 ± 3.43 months). Age, sex, body mass index, follow‐up duration, fracture classification, and cause of injury were not significantly different between the two groups. There was no significant difference in blood loss, Constant–Murley and DASH scores, follow‐up period, and postoperative subjective satisfaction between the two groups (P > 0.05). The fracture healing time was shorter in the PLFP group than in the SPF group (4.41 ± 0.99 vs. 4.87 ± 1.60 months, P < 0.05), but the operation duration was longer in the PLFP group than in the SPF group (65.48 ± 16.48 min, P < 0.05). There were seven (complication rate, 8.86%) and five (complication rate, 6.17%) cases that had complications in the SPF and PLFP groups, respectively. There was no significant difference in the complication rates between the two groups (P > 0.05).ConclusionAlthough the healing time was shorter in the PLFP group than in the SPF group, the clinical efficiency of the two methods in the treatment of oblique fracture of the middle clavicle was similar.
Relational integration predicted numerical inductive reasoning: ERP Evidence from the N400 and LNC
Authors: Xiao Feng , Wang Zhi‐Dong , Yuan Shang‐Qing , Liang Kun , Chen Qingfei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAs relational integration performance can be used to predict reasoning ability, the present study aimed to provide electrophysiological evidence for numerical inductive reasoning. Number series with two levels of relational complexity were utilized, including simple and hierarchical problems (such as “15–16‐17” versus “15–16‐18”). Two tasks were adopted: a relational integration task that required to determine whether the numerical relations were changed across numbers; a number series task that required to determine whether a hidden rule was acquired (Experiment 1) or to predict the subsequent number (Experiment 2), whose phases were divided as rule searching, rule discovery, and rule following. The event‐related potential (ERP) results of both experiments indicated that, in contrast to simple problems, hierarchical problems triggered enhanced N400 and late negative component (LNC), reflecting numerical fact retrieval, and generalizing novel hypotheses about the hidden rules by integrating adjacent numerical relations, respectively; relational integration showed similar N400 and LNC activation patterns to rule discovery (Experiment 1) or rule searching (Experiment 2). Additionally, the N400 and LNC elicited by relational integration showed strong positive correlations and even were able to predict the ones triggered by rule discovery (Experiment 1) or rule searching (Experiment 2). Therefore, the results supported the role of relational integration in numerical inductive reasoning and thereby in intelligence.
Kelsen’s Metaethics
Authors: Spaak Torben 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this article, I argue,inter alia, that Kelsen’s mature view—as expressed in, and around the time of, the second edition ofReine Rechtslehre—was that of a metaethical relativist, and that the commitment to metaethical relativism was the reason why Kelsen defended democracy as well as tolerance in the shape of a constitutionally guaranteed freedom of thought. I also consider the possibility that in his post‐1960 phase Kelsen abandoned metaethical relativism for moral fictionalism, but argue that, on the whole, a relativist interpretation of Kelsen’s late legal philosophy is to be preferred to a fictionalist interpretation.
Targeting the human βc receptor inhibits inflammatory myeloid cells and lung injury caused by acute cigarette smoke exposure
Authors: Fung Nok Him , Wang Hao , Vlahos Ross , Wilson Nick , Lopez Angel F. , Owczarek Catherine M. , Bozinovski Steven 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground and objectiveChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a devastating disease commonly caused by cigarette smoke (CS) exposure that drives tissue injury by persistently recruiting myeloid cells into the lungs. A significant portion of COPD patients also present with overlapping asthma pathology including eosinophilic inflammation. The βc cytokine family includes granulocyte monocyte‐colony‐stimulating factor, IL‐5 and IL‐3 that signal through their common receptor subunit βc to promote the expansion and survival of multiple myeloid cells including monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils and eosinophils.MethodsWe have used our unique human βc receptor transgenic (hβcTg) mouse strain that expresses human βc instead of mouse βc and βIL3 in an acute CS exposure model. Lung tissue injury was assessed by histology and measurement of albumin and lactate dehydrogenase levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. Transgenic mice were treated with an antibody (CSL311) that inhibits human βc signalling.ResultshβcTg mice responded to acute CS exposure by expanding blood myeloid cell numbers and recruiting monocyte‐derived macrophages (cluster of differentiation 11b+ [CD11b+] interstitial and exudative macrophages [IM and ExM]), neutrophils and eosinophils into the lungs. This inflammatory response was associated with lung tissue injury and oedema. Importantly, CSL311 treatment in CS‐exposed mice markedly reduced myeloid cell numbers in the blood and BAL compartment. Furthermore, CSL311 significantly reduced lung CD11b+ IM and ExM, neutrophils and eosinophils, and this decline was associated with a significant reduction in matrix metalloproteinase‐12 (MMP‐12) and IL‐17A expression, tissue injury and oedema.ConclusionThis study identifies CSL311 as a therapeutic antibody that potently inhibits immunopathology and lung injury caused by acute CS exposure.