bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitoring Embryo Development in Chicken Eggs using Acoustic Resonance Analysis
Authors: Coucke Peter M. , Room Gwendolien M. , Decuypere Eddy M. , De Baerdemaeker Josse G. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractEarly embryonic development was monitored using acoustic resonance frequency analysis. Based on the course of the resonance frequency (RF) of a chicken egg during incubation, detection of viable and infertile eggs or eggs in which the embryo died during the first days of incubation was possible at the beginning of day 5. A sudden decrease of the RF of viable eggs was noticed after 96–104 h of incubation, whereas infertile eggs or eggs in which the embryo died during the first days of incubation showed a smooth, continuous increase of RF during the entire period of observation. Furthermore, the interruption of the embryonic development by cold storage after 24 or 84 h of incubation delayed the moment of decreasing RF. This proves that the sudden decrease of RF corresponds to a certain stage of development. This application of acoustic resonance frequency analysis offers the potential of early, automatic detection of inviable embryo's in eggs during incubation.
Skin irritation typing and grading based on laser Doppler perfusion imaging
Authors: Fullerton Ann , Rode Birgitte , Serup Jørgen 
Published: July 2002

Background/aims: Vasodilation with increased cutaneous perfusion is an essential part of an irritant inflammatory response. The aim of the present study was to investigate the usefulness of the high‐resolution laser Doppler perfusion imaging (HR‐LDPI) technique for investigating irritant skin reactions. Irritants may elicit clinically different reactions due to different skin penetration profiles and different modes of irritant action on the exposed tissue.Methods: Twelve subjects were tested on the forearms using 24 h occlusive application of three concentrations of the irritants sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) and nonanoic acid (NON) and with the topical acne drug all‐trans retinoic acid (RA). Cutaneous blood flow at baseline, the increase in cutaneous blood flow and the skin area having increased perfusion were measured on day 2, day 3 and day 5.Results: Based both on measurement of mean perfusion and area with increased perfusion, it was possible to differentiate between different clinical irritation grades on any study day. The area with increased perfusion exceeded the area with clinically visible skin reactions for irritant reactions of grade 1/2 and above. Irritant reactions for individual irritants could furthermore be typed using HR‐LDPI. It was possible to differentiate between vehicle treatment and the different dose levels of the irritant compounds. A correlation was found between clinical scores for the individual irritants and the mean flow and the area with increased flow. The individual irritants could be differentiated due to different time courses of their skin irritation.Conclusion: Laser Doppler imaging was found to be an important new method for characterization and grading of the inflammatory response of single exposure irritant reactions. However, standardised study procedures cannot be emphasised enough in order to obtain reliable and useful data.
Genome Multiplication in Trophoblast Giant Cells of Sheep, Goat, Water Buffalo and Deer: an Image Cytophotometric Study
Authors: Klisch K , Schuler G , Miglino MA , Leiser R 
Published: July 2002

ContentsDNA contents of nuclei from sheep (Ovis aries), goat (Capra hircus) (each n = 2), water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) (n = 4), and deer (Dama dama) (n = 1) placentomes were measured cytophotometrically. In all specimens nuclei with approximately 8C DNA content were found. These findings, in addition to earlier results on bovine trophoblast giant cells (Klisch et al. Placenta 20, 451–458, 1999), indicate that genome multiplication is a normal feature of the development of ruminant trophoblast giant cells
Effects of sciatic nerve injuries on δ ‐opioid receptor and substance P immunoreactivities in the superficial dorsal horn of the rat
Authors: Robertson Brita , Schulte Gunnar , Elde Robert , Grant Gunnar 
Published: July 2002

The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of transection combined with tight ligation, and crush of the sciatic nerve on δ ‐opioid receptor and substance P immunoreactivities in the superficial spinal dorsal horn at different time points after injury. Both the δ ‐opioid receptor and substance P are primarily localised to primary afferent fibres and terminals. Seven days following transection and ligation, a slight decrease in both δ ‐opioid receptor and substance P levels was seen in laminae I and II. The maximal reduction appeared to take place around 4 weeks. Restoration of immunoreactivity was observed by 32 weeks, and by 1 year the levels were almost back to normal. Regarding crush injury, the reduction in both δ ‐opioid receptor and substance P immunoreactivities were less pronounced and recovery was faster than after transection injury. Already by 16 weeks, the levels were almost back to normal.These results show that peripheral nerve injuries dramatically reduce the levels of δ ‐opioid receptor and substance P immunoreactivities in the superficial dorsal horn after short survivals and demonstrate recovery after long survivals. Whether the marked reduction of δ ‐opioid receptors in the dorsal horn is involved in the decreased ability of opioid analgesics to alleviate neuropathic pain remains to be studied.
β1 Integrin Is Essential for Teratoma Growth and Angiogenesis
Authors: Bloch Wilhelm , Forsberg Erik , Lentini Sylvia , Brakebusch Cord , Martin Karl , Krell Hans W. , Weidle Ulrich H. , Addicks Klaus , Fässler Reinhard 
Published: July 2002

Teratomas are benign tumors that form after ectopic injection of embryonic stem (ES) cells into mice and contain derivatives of all primitive germ layers. To study the role of β1 integrin during teratoma formation, we compared teratomas induced by normal and β1-null ES cells. Injection of normal ES cells gave rise to large teratomas. In contrast, β1-null ES cells either did not grow or formed small teratomas with an average weight of &lt;5% of that of normal teratomas. Histological analysis of β1-null teratomas revealed the presence of various differentiated cells, however, a much lower number of host-derived stromal cells than in normal teratomas. Fibronectin, collagen I, and nidogen were expressed but, in contrast to normal teratomas, diffusely deposited in β1-null teratomas. Basement membranes were present but with irregular shape and detached from the cell surface.
Normal teratomas had large blood vessels with a smooth inner surface, containing both host- and ES cell–derived endothelial cells. In contrast, β1-null teratomas had small vessels that were loosely embedded into the connective tissue. Furthermore, endothelial cells were always of host-derived origin and formed blood vessels with an irregular inner surface. Although β1- deficient endothelial cells were absent in teratomas, β1-null ES cells could differentiate in vitro into endothelial cells. The formation of a complex vasculature, however, was significantly delayed and of poor quality in β1-null embryoid bodies. Moreover, while vascular endothelial growth factor induced proliferation of endothelial cells as well as an extensive branching of blood vessels in normal embryoid bodies, it had no effect in β1-null embryoid bodies.
Banach spaces with the Daugavet property
Authors: Kadets Vladimir , Shvidkoy Roman , Sirotkin Gleb , Werner Dirk 
Published: July 2002

A Banach space

X
X

is said to have the Daugavet property if every operator

T
:
X
→
X

T: X\to X

of rank

1
1

satisfies

‖
Id
+
T
‖
=
1
+
‖
T
‖

\|\operatorname {Id}+T\| = 1+\|T\|

. We show that then every weakly compact operator satisfies this equation as well and that

X
X

contains a copy of

ℓ

1

\ell _{1}

. However,

X
X

need not contain a copy of

L

1

L_{1}

. We also study pairs of spaces

X
⊂
Y

X\subset Y

and operators

T
:
X
→
Y

T: X\to Y

satisfying

‖
J
+
T
‖
=
1
+
‖
T
‖

\|J+T\|=1+\|T\|

, where

J
:
X
→
Y

J: X\to Y

is the natural embedding. This leads to the result that a Banach space with the Daugavet property does not embed into a space with an unconditional basis. In another direction, we investigate spaces where the set of operators with

‖
Id
+
T
‖
=
1
+
‖
T
‖

\|\operatorname {Id}+T\|=1+\|T\|

is as small as possible and give characterisations in terms of a smoothness condition.
Prediction of eukaryotic mRNA translational properties.
Authors: Kochetov A V , Ponomarenko M P , Frolov A S , Kisselev L L , Kolchanov N A 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
MOTIVATION: It is well known that eukaryotic mRNAs are translated at different levels depending on their sequence characteristics. Evaluation of mRNA translatability is of importance in prediction of the gene expression pattern by computer methods and to improve the recognition of mRNAs within cloned nucleotide sequences. It may also be used in biotechnological experiments to optimize the expression of foreign genes in transgenic organisms. RESULTS: The sets of 5' untranslated region characteristics, significantly different between mRNAs encoding abundant and scarce polypeptides, were determined for mammals, dicot plants and monocot plants, and collected in the LEADER_RNA database. Computer tools for the prediction of mRNA translatability are presented. AVAILABILITY: Programs for mRNA translatability prediction are available at http://wwwmgs.bionet.nsc. ru/programs/acts2/mo_mRNA.htm (for monocots), http://wwwmgs.bionet. nsc.ru/programs/acts2/di_mRNA.htm (for dicots) and http://wwwmgs. bionet.nsc.ru/programs/acts2/ma_mRNA.htm (for mammals). The LEADER_RNA database may be accessed at: http://wwwmgs.bionet.nsc. ru/systems/LeaderRNA/.
Analysis of conservation and substitutions of secondary

structure elements within protein superfamilies
Authors: Mizuguchi Kenji , Blundell Tom L. 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
Motivation: Structural alignments of superfamily members often exhibit insertions and deletions of secondary structure elements (SSEs), yet conserved subsets of SSEs appear to be important for maintaining the fold and facilitating common functionalities.
Results: A database of aligned SSEs was constructed from the structure-based alignments of protein superfamily members in the CAMPASS database. SSEs were classified into several types on the basis of their length and solvent accessibility and counts were made for the replacements of SSEs in different types at structurally aligned positions. The results, summarized as log-odds substitution matrices, can be used for two types of comparisons: (1) structure against structure, both with secondary structure assignments; and (2) structure against sequence with predicted secondary structures. The conservation of SSEs at each alignment position was defined as the deviation of observed SSE frequencies from the uniform distribution. This offers a useful resource to define and examine the core of superfamily folds. Even when the structure of only a single member of a superfamily is known, the extended method can be used to predict the conservation of SSEs. Such information will be useful when modelling the structure of other members of a superfamily or identifying structurally and functionally important positions in the fold.
Availability: The database is available on the world wide web at http://www-cryst.bioc.cam.ac.uk/~kenji/ssdb/. The conservation of SSEs was translated into colour values and can be visualized through the web interface.
Contact: kenji@cryst.bioc.cam.ac.uk
* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
On deception and lying: An overview of over 100 years of social science research
Authors: Denault Vincent , Talwar Victoria , Plusquellec Pierrich , Larivière Vincent 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis article provides an overview of over 100 years of social science research on deception and lying. The aim is to raise awareness on the full scope of research findings on deception and lying to help the scientific community to communicate these research findings to practitioners who assess the veracity of individuals statements, further future research, better understand the research field of deception and lying, and bridge gaps that are relevant to scholars and practitioners interested in deception and lying. To begin, Web of Science is introduced, and the steps undertaken to build our database are described. Then, the yearly evolution of research findings on deception and lying is presented. Finally, the journals and the research areas, as well as the authors, the institutions and the countries that contributed the most to the deception and lying literature are highlighted, as well as the most used keywords and cited articles.
Bioinspired Multi‐Transformability of Superhydrophobic Nano‐Magnetite Swarm for Adaptive Object Transportation
Authors: Tenjimbayashi Mizuki , Naito Masanobu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNatural superorganisms transform their collective shape for benefits, such as the safe transport of objects/themselves, which a sole individual cannot achieve. A significant gap exists between the transformability of natural superorganisms and the artificial emulation thereof. Here, the multi‐transformability and functions of a fire ant superorganism are imitated by a superhydrophobic nano‐magnetite swarm. The synthetic swarm at a liquid−air interface is transformed from a dispersed state into a 2D raft and a 3D bivouac by a magnetic field gradient. The swarm can transport small objects adaptively irrespective of their state (gas/liquid/solid) by switching their state without hindrance from physical obstacles. The swarm also exhibits adaptive jamming transition for regeneration ability, obstacle penetration, and dispersed solids collection. This work contributes to the development of swarm biomimetics, object transportation, and adaptive materials.
Chirality Induced Crystal Structural Difference in Metal Halide Composites
Authors: Cai Weidong , Qin Jiajun , Pang Tiqiang , Cai Xinyi , Jia Renxu , Gao Feng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIncorporating chiral organic compounds into metal halide frames is a common and useful method to introduce chirality in metal halide composites. The structures of resulting racemic and chiral composites are usually considered to be nearly identical owing to similar chemical bonding. In this work, by incorporating chiral MBABr (bromide methylbenzylamine) into an inorganic frame, a significant crystallization difference between the resulting racemic and chiral metal halide composites is observed, as confirmed by both structural and spectroscopic measurements. In addition, the structural transformation in the chiral composites can also be induced by moisture, ascribed to the asymmetric hydrogen bonding in chiral materials. These results provide new insights for the future synthesis of chiral materials and open up new possibilities to advance the materials functionalities.
Dual‐Stimulus Supramolecular Luminescent Switch Based on Cyanostilbene‐Bridged Bis(Dibenzo‐24‐Crown‐8) and a Diarylethene Derivative
Authors: Han Jia‐Xin , Dai Xian‐Yin , Wang Hui‐Juan , Zhang Heng‐Yi , Liu Yu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe development of multifunctional photo‐controlled luminescent switch, which provides versatile tools for smart systems and advanced organic luminescent materials, is of paramount significance. Herein, a photoswitchable supramolecular assembly is constructed from the noncovalent interaction of cyanostilbene‐bridged bis(dibenzo‐24‐crown‐8) with a diarylethene derivative. Possessing the reversible photoisomerization property and a high Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) efficiency, the resultant supramolecular assembly can reversibly switch on/off the luminescence of the cyanostilbene group upon irradiation by different wavelength light and the addition of acid/base both in solution and in the solid state. Significantly, the characters written with the supramolecular assembly as ink can be reversibly and repeatedly erased and recovered by altering the wavelength of irradiation light.
New Cathode Materials in the Fe‐PO4‐F Chemical Space for High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Storage
Authors: Liu Xuelian , Wang Jiande , Du Mengyuan , Robeyns Koen , Filinchuk Yaroslav , Zhu Qi , Kumar Varun , Garcia Yann , Borodi Gheorghe , Morari Cristian , Gohy Jean‐Francois , Vlad Alexandru 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSodium and iron make up the perfect combination for the growing demand for sustainable energy storage systems, given the natural abundance and sustainability of the two building block elements. However, most sodium–iron electrode chemistries are plagued by intrinsic low energy densities with continuous ongoing efforts to solve this. Herein, the chemical space of a series of (meta)stable, off‐stoichiometric Fe‐PO4‐F phases is analyzed. Some are found to display markedly improved electrochemical activity for sodium storage, as compared to the amorphous or thermodynamically stable phases of equivalent composition. The metastable crystalline Na1.2Fe1.2PO4F0.6 delivers a reversible capacity of more than 140 mAh g−1 with an average discharge potential of 2.9 V (vs Na+/Na0) resulting in a practical specific energy density of 400 Wh kg−1 (estimated at the material level), outperforming many developed Fe‐PO4 analogs thus far, with further multiple possibilities to be explored toward improved energy storage metrics. Overall, this study unlocks the possibilities of off‐stoichiometric Fe‐PO4‐F cathode materials and reveals the importance to explore the oft‐overlooked metastable or transient state materials for energy storage.
Surface Regulating of a Double‐Perovskite Electrode for Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cells to Enhance Oxygen Reduction Activity and Contaminants Poisoning Tolerance
Authors: Zhang Hua , Xu Kang , He Fan , Zhou Yucun , Sasaki Kotaro , Zhao Bote , Choi YongMan , Liu Meilin , Chen Yu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractProtonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs) are one of the most efficient energy conversion devices. However, the performance of current PCFCs is greatly limited by the sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics and the fast degradation of the cathode due to contaminants poisoning (such as Cr species and steam). Here, a surface regulation of a double perovskite PrBa0.5Sr0.5Co1.5Fe0.5O5+δ (PBSCF) cathode by a Pr0.9Fe0.7Co0.3O3 (PFC) catalyst coating to enhance the ORR activity and stability is reported. When tested in direct contact with Cr in the air with 3% H2O at 650 °C, the polarization resistance (Rp) of the PFC coated PBSCF (PFC‐PBSCF) electrode increases from ≈0.39 to 0.45 Ω cm2 after 100 h operation; in contrast, the Rp of a PBSCF electrode increases from 0.63 to 0.82 Ω cm2. Further, a PCFC with the PFC‐PBSCF cathode demonstrates an excellent peak power density (≈1.08 W cm–2 at 650 °C) and significantly enhanced durability (degradation rate of 0.03% h−1), much better than those of the cells with a PBSCF cathode (≈0.75 W cm–2 and degradation rate of 0.12% h−1). Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations indicate that the PFC catalyst coating diminishes the formation of Cr species, such as (Ba1‐xSrx)CrO4, on the cathode surface.
Boosting Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution on Stoichiometric Molybdenum Carbonitride via an Interstitial Vacancy‐Elimination Strategy
Authors: Dai Liming , Yao Fanglei , Yu Lei , Fang Chenchen , Li Jing , Xue Liang , Zhang Shengli , Xiong Pan , Fu Yongsheng , Sun Jingwen , Zhu Junwu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAn interstitial vacancy on molybdenum nitride has been determined as a negative factor towards the alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) by reason of upraising the d orbitals of Mo. Nevertheless, investigations aiming to eliminate the vacancies are rarely reported. Here, an interstitial reconfiguration method for the design of stoichiometric molybdenum carbonitride (Mo2CN) is proposed, in which the vacancies are fulfilled by lattice carbon. Multiple fine structural analyses alongside with the theoretical calculations indicate that beyond lower the d orbitals of Mo by the hybridization of additive p‐d orbitals, lattice carbon also behaves as the extra active center with exceptional H adsorption/desorption energy. Mo2CN reveals an adorable overpotential of −84 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 with a long‐term electrochemical stability by accompanying the nitrogen‐doped carbon substrate. It is anticipated that the vacancy‐eliminating concept will provide a constructive entry point for the rational design of electro‐catalysts and beyond.
RETRACTED: Real‐time agricultural field monitoring and smart irrigation architecture using the internet of things and quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles
Authors: Selvaraj Rajalakshmi , Kuthadi Venu Madhav , Baskar S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFarming and agricultural production account for a substantial part of the global economic system, and most people rely on them for their living. In this perspective, real‐time agricultural field monitoring and smart irrigation using modern technologies are now important for effective farming in green homes, smart cities, and rural areas. Water is an essential resource to be conserved using the newest technology. The Internet of Things (IoT) and Industry 4.0 enable smart farming, including using Quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles (Q‐UAV) with computer vision. The IoT‐based smart irrigation management systems with real‐time sensors and Q‐UAVs have contributed to the optimum use of water resources in precision farming. The research presented an intelligent irrigation and field surveillance system using atmospheric and soil data such as temperature, humidity, salinity, wind speed, as well as photographs of the field using UAVs. The parameters mentioned above are available on the smartphone of the farmers using IoT and are hosted without any delay in the Firebase console. In addition to this, a user can control the water pump on various fields via Firebase Cloud Message platform. The intelligence and smartness of the proposed system are implemented with a powerful and low‐cost platform Raspberry Pi 4B system on chip computer with Industry 4.0 standard dedicated for IoT, real‐time embedded protocol interfacing, and computer vision applications.
Deformation and breakup of water droplets containing polymer under a DC electric field
Authors: Huang Xin , Luo Xiaoming , Han Yunrui , Li Weidong , Lai Yuekun , Teng Lin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe deformation and breakup behaviors of droplets containing polymer are investigated by high‐speed photography to reveal the mechanism of electric field collapse when treating the emulsion containing polymer. The results show the electric field collapse process caused by droplet breakup consists of three steps. First, the droplet containing polymer ejects liquid filament under strong electric field. Second, the liquid filament is continuously stretched until it touches positive and negative electrodes. Finally, the severe Joule heating effect appears because the strong electric current flows through the liquid filament. The release of a large amount of heat causes the formation, expansion, and collapse of bubble, resulting in the fracture of liquid filament and the collapse of electric field. The increase of polymer concentration strengthens the Joule heating effect and enlarges the influence scope of bubble expansion and collapse. These findings provide significant guidance for the stable operation of electric dehydrator.