bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Efisiensi dan Transparansi Terhadap Kinerja Pertumbuhan Kabupaten Bekasi
Authors: Waluyo Puji 
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of efficiency and transparency variables on the growth performance of Kabupaten Bekasi. The results of the study found that there was a significant effect at the 5 percent significance level between the perception of partial transparency on growth performance in Kabupaten Bekasi. However, it is not significant on the efficiency and transparency variables. There is a significant effect at the 5 percent significance level between the perception of efficiency and transparency simultaneously on growth performance in Kabupaten Bekasi where the calculated F is greater than the F table at a value of 3.646. There is a dominant influence in transparency on perceptions of efficiency and transparency on growth performance in Kabupaten Bekasi.
Keyword : Efficiency; Transparency; Growth Performance

Abstrak
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel efisiensi dan transparansi terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan Kabupaten Bekasi. Hasil penelitian menemukan adanya pengaruh nyata pada tingkat signifikansi 5 persen antara persepsi transparansi secara parsial terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan di Kabupaten Bekasi. Namun tidak signifikan pada variabel efisiensi, dan transparansi. Terdapat pengaruh nyata pada tingkat signifikansi 5 persen antara persepsi efisiensi dan transparansi secara simultan terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan di Kabupaten Bekasi di mana F hitung lebih besar dari pada F table pada nilai 3,646. Terdapat pengaruh yang dominan dalam transparansi pada persepsi efisiensi dan transparansi terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan di Kabupaten Bekasi.
C18O Emission as an Effective Measure of Gas Masses of Protoplanetary Disks
Authors: Ruaud Maxime , Gorti Uma , Hollenbach David J. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Many astrochemical models of observed CO isotopologue line emission, earlier considered a good proxy measure of H2 and hence disk gas mass, favor large deviations in the carbon and oxygen gas phase abundances and argue that severe gas phase CO depletion makes it a poor mass tracer. Here, we show that C18O line emission is an effective measure of the gas mass, and despite its complex chemistry, a possibly better tracer than HD. Our models are able to reproduce C18O emission from recent Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array surveys and the TW Hya disk to within a factor of ∼2–3 using carbon and oxygen abundances characteristic of the interstellar medium (C/H = 1.4 × 10−4; O/H = 3.2 × 10−4) without having to invoke unusual chemical processing. Our gas and dust disk structure calculations considering hydrostatic pressure equilibrium and our treatment of the CO conversion on grains are primarily responsible for the very different conclusions on disk masses and CO depletion. As did previous studies, we find that a gas phase C/O of ∼1–2 can explain observed hydrocarbon emission from the TW Hya disk; but significantly, we find that CO isotopologue emission is only marginally affected by the C/O ratio. We therefore conclude that C18O emission provides estimates of disk masses that are uncertain only to within a factor of a few, and describe a simplified modeling procedure to obtain gas disk masses from C18O emission lines.
Reflection Spectra of Accretion Disks Illuminated by Disk-like Coronae
Authors: Riaz Shafqat , Abdikamalov Askar B. , Ayzenberg Dimitry , Bambi Cosimo , Wang Haiyang , Yu Zhibo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Relativistic reflection features in the X-ray spectra of black hole binaries and active galactic nuclei are thought to be produced through illumination of a cold accretion disk by a hot corona. In this work, we assume that the corona has the shape of an infinitesimally thin disk with its central axis the same as the rotational axis of the black hole. The corona can either be static or corotate with the accretion disk. We calculate the disk’s emissivity profiles and iron line shapes for a set of coronal radii and heights. We incorporate these emissivity profiles into relxill_nk and we simulate some observations of a black hole binary with the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array to study the impact of a disk-like coronal geometry on the measurement of the properties of the system, and in particular, on the possibility of testing the Kerr nature of the source. We find that, in general, the astrophysical properties of the accretion disk are recovered well even if we fit the data with a model employing a broken power law or a lamppost emissivity profile, while it is more challenging to constrain the geometric properties of the black hole spacetime.
Theoretical Distributions of Short-lived Radionuclides for Star Formation in Molecular Clouds
Authors: Fatuzzo Marco , Adams Fred C. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Short-lived radioactive nuclei (half-life τ
1/2 ∼ 1 Myr) influence the formation of stars and planetary systems by providing sources of heating and ionization. Whereas many previous studies have focused on the possible nuclear enrichment of our own solar system, the goal of this paper is to estimate the distributions of short-lived radionuclides (SLRs) for the entire population of stars forming within a molecular cloud. Here we focus on the nuclear species 60Fe and 26Al, which have the largest impact due to their relatively high abundances. We construct molecular-cloud models and include nuclear contributions from both supernovae and stellar winds. The resulting distributions of SLRs are time dependent with widths of ∼3 orders of magnitude and mass fractions ρ
SLR/ρ
* ∼ 10−11–10−8. Over the range of scenarios explored herein, the SLR distributions show only modest variations with the choice of cloud structure (fractal dimension), star formation history, and cluster distribution. The most important variation arises from the diffusion length scale for the transport of SLRs within the cloud. The expected SLR distributions are wide enough to include values inferred for the abundances in our solar system, although most of the stars are predicted to have smaller enrichment levels. In addition, the ratio of 60Fe/26Al is predicted to be greater than unity, on average, in contrast to solar system results. One explanation for this finding is the presence of an additional source for the 26Al isotope.
Coherent Inverse Compton Scattering by Bunches in Fast Radio Bursts
Authors: Zhang Bing 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The extremely high brightness temperature of fast radio bursts (FRBs) requires that their emission mechanism must be “coherent,” either through concerted particle emission by bunches or through the exponential growth of a plasma wave mode or radiation amplitude via certain maser mechanisms. The bunching mechanism has been mostly discussed within the context of curvature radiation or cyclotron/synchrotron radiation. Here we propose a family of models invoking the coherent inverse Compton scattering (ICS) of bunched particles that may operate within or just outside of the magnetosphere of a flaring magnetar. Crustal oscillations during the flaring event may excite low-frequency electromagnetic waves near the magnetar surface. The X-mode of these waves could penetrate through the magnetosphere. Bunched relativistic particles in the charge-starved region inside the magnetosphere or in the current sheet outside the magnetosphere would upscatter these low-frequency waves to produce gigahertz emission to power FRBs. The ICS mechanism has a much larger emission power for individual electrons than curvature radiation. This greatly reduces the required degree of coherence in bunches, alleviating several criticisms of the bunching mechanism raised in the context of curvature radiation. The emission is ∼100% linearly polarized (with the possibility of developing circular polarization) with a constant or varying polarization angle across each burst. The mechanism can account for a narrowband spectrum and a frequency downdrifting pattern, as commonly observed in repeating FRBs.
The Lick AGN Monitoring Project 2016: Velocity-resolved Hβ Lags in Luminous Seyfert Galaxies
Authors: U Vivian , Barth Aaron J. , Vogler H. Alexander , Guo Hengxiao , Treu Tommaso , Bennert Vardha N. , Canalizo Gabriela , Filippenko Alexei V. , Gates Elinor , Hamann Frederick , Joner Michael D. , Malkan Matthew A. , Pancoast Anna , Williams Peter R. , Woo Jong-Hak , Abolfathi Bela , Abramson L. E. , Armen Stephen F. , Bae Hyun-Jin , Bohn Thomas , Boizelle Benjamin D. , Bostroem Azalee , Brandel Andrew , Brink Thomas G. , Channa Sanyum , Cooper M. C. , Cosens Maren , Donohue Edward , Fillingham Sean P. , González-Buitrago Diego , Halevi Goni , Halle Andrew , Hood Carol E. , Horne Keith , Horst J. Chuck , Kouchkovsky Maxime de , Kuhn Benjamin , Kumar Sahana , Leonard Douglas C. , Loveland Donald , Manzano-King Christina , McHardy Ian , Michel Raúl , Olaes Melanie Kae B. , Park Daeseong , Park Songyoun , Pei Liuyi , Ross Timothy W. , Runco Jordan N. , Samuel Jenna , Sánchez Javier , Scott Bryan , Sexton Remington O. , Shin Jaejin , Shivvers Isaac , Spencer Chance L. , Stahl Benjamin E. , Stegman Samantha , Stomberg Isak , Valenti Stefano , Villafaña L. , Walsh Jonelle L. , Yuk Heechan , Zheng WeiKang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We carried out spectroscopic monitoring of 21 low-redshift Seyfert 1 galaxies using the Kast double spectrograph on the 3 m Shane telescope at Lick Observatory from 2016 April to 2017 May. Targeting active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with luminosities of λ
L

λ
(5100 Å) ≈ 1044 erg s−1 and predicted Hβ lags of ∼20–30 days or black hole masses of 107–108.5
M
⊙, our campaign probes luminosity-dependent trends in broad-line region (BLR) structure and dynamics as well as to improve calibrations for single-epoch estimates of quasar black hole masses. Here we present the first results from the campaign, including Hβ emission-line light curves, integrated Hβ lag times (8–30 days) measured against V-band continuum light curves, velocity-resolved reverberation lags, line widths of the broad Hβ components, and virial black hole mass estimates (107.1–108.1
M
⊙). Our results add significantly to the number of existing velocity-resolved lag measurements and reveal a diversity of BLR gas kinematics at moderately high AGN luminosities. AGN continuum luminosity appears not to be correlated with the type of kinematics that its BLR gas may exhibit. Follow-up direct modeling of this data set will elucidate the detailed kinematics and provide robust dynamical black hole masses for several objects in this sample.
Vortices and Dust Devils as Observed by the Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer Instruments on Board the Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover
Authors: Jackson Brian 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
An important and perhaps dominant source of dust in the Martian atmosphere, dust devils play a key role in Mars’ climate. Data sets from previous landed missions have revealed dust devil activity, constrained their structures, and elucidated their dust-lifting capacities. However, each landing site and observational season exhibits unique meteorological properties that shape dust devil activity and illuminate their dependence on ambient conditions. The recent release of data from the Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer (MEDA) instrument suite on board the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover promises a new treasure trove for dust devil studies. In this study, we sift the time series from MEDA’s Pressure Sensor (PS) and Radiative and Dust Sensors (RDS) to look for the signals of passing vortices and dust devils. We detected 309 vortex encounters over the mission’s first 89 sols. Consistent with predictions, these encounter rates exceed InSight and Curiosity’s encounter rates. The RDS time series also allows us to assess whether a passing vortex is likely to be dusty (and therefore is a true dust devil) or dustless. We find that about one quarter of vortices show signs of dust lofting, although unfavorable encounter geometries may have prevented us from detecting dust for other vortices. In addition to these results, we discuss prospects for vortex studies as additional data from Mars 2020 are processed and made available.
An individual-based dataset of carbon and nitrogen isotopic data of Callinectes sapidus in invaded Mediterranean waters
Authors: Di Muri Cristina , Rosati Ilaria , Bardelli Roberta , Cilenti Lucrezia , Li Veli Daniel , Falco Silvia , Vizzini Salvatrice , Katselis George , Kevrekidis Kosmas , Glamuzina Luka , Mancinelli Giorgio 
Published: January 2022

The characterisation of functional traits of non-indigenous and invasive species is crucial to assess their impact within invaded habitats. Successful biological invasions are often facilitated by the generalist diet of the invaders which can modify their trophic position and adapt to new ecosystems determining changes in their structure and functioning. Invasive crustaceans are an illustrative example of such mechanisms since their trophic habits can determine important ecological impacts on aquatic food webs. The Atlantic blue crab Callinectes sapidus is currently established and considered invasive in the Mediterranean Sea where it has been recorded for the first time between 1947 and 1949. In the last decade, the blue crab colonised most of the eastern and central Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea and it is currently widening its distribution towards the western region of the basin.
Stable isotope analysis is increasingly used to investigate the trophic habits of invasive marine species. Here, we collated individual measures of the blue crab δ13C and δ15N values and of its potential invertebrate prey into a geo-referenced dataset. The dataset includes 360 records with 236 isotopic values of the blue crab and 224 isotopic data of potential prey collected from five countries and 12 locations between 2014 and 2019. This dataset allows the estimation of the trophic position of the blue crab within a variety of invaded ecosystems, as well as advanced quantitative comparisons of the main features of its isotopic niche.
À crise et relance budgétaire inédites, marché du travail sous tension et résurgence des conflits
Authors: Sauviat Catherine 
Published: January 2022

Aux États-Unis, l’arrêt soudain des activités à cause de la crise sanitaire provoque certes une contraction du PIB mais surtout une brutale détérioration du marché du travail. Les mesures de soutien aux entreprises et aux ménages, inédites par leur ampleur, entraînent un redressement rapide du PIB. Mais la reprise du marché du travail butte sur des pénuries de main-d’œuvre apparues dans certains secteurs, notamment l’hôtellerie-restauration. Si les syndicats ont été peu audibles et la période peu propice aux conflits, on observe pourtant une nette reprise des grèves depuis l’été 2021 à l’occasion du renouvellement des conventions collectives d’entreprise. Ce nouveau contexte pourrait augurer d’un changement de rapport de forces entre employeurs et travailleurs dans certains secteurs.
Du gel des licenciements au plan de relance européen
Authors: Nizzoli Cristina 
Published: January 2022

En raison de son ampleur et de ses spécificités, la crise due au Covid-19 a suscité des réponses variées de la part des pouvoirs publics. Dans cet article, on revient sur la mise en œuvre de mesures temporaires souvent inédites (élargissement des amortisseurs sociaux, gel des licenciements, etc.), ainsi que sur le plan de relance et les réformes qui se préparent à partir de 2022. De même, on traite des enjeux posés par cette crise sanitaire sans précédent au système de relations professionnelles italien.
La « doctrine Trump » à l’international : l’Amérique contre le reste du monde ?
Authors: Pichard Alexis 
Published: January 2022

Cet article entend démontrer l’existence d’une « doctrine Trump » en matière de politique étrangère malgré l’approche erratique des relations internationales adoptée par le 45 e président américain. Dans un premier temps, l’article remonte aux origines de la formulation de cette doctrine, vers la fin des années 1980, pour retracer ensuite sa maturation au fil des décennies. Pour ce faire, il procède d’abord à l’examen croisé des écrits politiques de Donald Trump pour faire affleurer les thèmes et motifs récurrents qui instruisent une vision du monde cohérente, reposant sur le rejet de la mondialisation et du multilatéralisme. Par la suite, l’article analyse les efforts de théorisation entrepris par Trump pour conceptualiser sa doctrine, de même que le basculement progressif de ses soubassements idéologiques vers un populisme d’extrême droite. Enfin, il rend compte de la réalisation effective de la doctrine Trump durant l’unique mandat du président républicain afin d’en élucider les différentes phases.
Psychosocial Improvements in Children and Their Parents Following Strabismus Surgery
Authors: Temeltürk Rahime Duygu , Koçer Ali Mert , Yaşar Hakan Halit 
Published: January 2022

Purpose:
To evaluate the psychosocial effects of strabismus surgery, the authors investigated the psychiatric symptoms and quality of life of children with strabismus and their parents.

Methods:
Children with strabismus between 6 and 18 years old (n = 39) and their parents (n = 39) were included. Psychiatric problems and the health-related quality of life were assessed with the Child Behavior Checklist and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, respectively. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children and Beck Anxiety Inventory were administered to children and parents, respectively. All assessments were conducted before and 3 months after strabismus surgery.

Results:

Compared with preoperative assessments, children with strabismus had significantly fewer psychiatric problems and a better quality of life after the surgery (
P
< .001). Following surgery, decreased symptom levels of anxiety scores were also obtained from children and their parents (
P
< .001). The amount of ocular realignment was directly correlated with improvement in social and attention problems among children (
r
= 0.354 and
r
= 0.324, respectively;
P
< .05).

Conclusions:
Successful strabismus surgery has positive effects on psychosocial functioning and quality of life in children and their families. Surgical interventions seem beneficial for the management of strabismus in improving both physical and mental health.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2022;59(4):261–268.]
Toric Lenticule Implantation for Correction of Traumatic Hyperopia and Astigmatism
Authors: Yu Lanhui , Cheng Chiwen , Chen Lu , Gu Xuejun , Liu Shengtao 
Published: January 2022

PURPOSE:
To describe the preliminary corrective results of treating hyperopia and hyperopic astigmatism with toric lenticule implantation.

METHODS:
A 23-year-old man presented with corneal scars and aphakia in the right eye. Manifest refraction was +10.00 −1.25 × 165° and plano in the right and left eyes, respectively. Owing to the patient's rigid gas permeable contact lens intolerance and other factors, an allogenic toric lenticule from a donor eye with a refractive power of −8.50 −1.25 × 5° was implanted. The lenticule (refraction = +9.75 −1.25 × 95°) was transferred onto the exposed stromal bed of the recipient's eye and aligned to the marking axis (refraction = +9.75 −1.25 × 165°). The correction index was calculated using the online Alpins Statistical System for Ophthalmic Refractive Surgery Techniques vector calculator.

RESULTS:
At 6 months postoperatively, refraction of the right eye was +3.00 −0.25 × 160°. Anterior corneal surface curvature and astigmatism changed from 42.90 diopters, 2.30 @ 48.00 to 49.10 diopters, 1.50 @ 90.00. Optical coherence tomography showed smooth attachment of the lenticule to the stromal layer with visible boundaries.

CONCLUSIONS:
Toric lenticule implantation was beneficial in treating traumatic hyperopia and hyperopic astigmatism. Further studies are required to assess the effectiveness of this technique.

[
Journal of Refractive Surgery Case Reports
. 2022;2(1):e1–e5.]
« Devenir inverseur ». Trajectoire de participation d’une enseignante à un tweetchat animé par le collectif Inversons la classe !
Authors: Mas Sylvie 
Published: January 2022

Autour de 2006, s’élabore la pratique dite de la « classe inversée ». Cette pratique bénéficie aujourd’hui d’un certain engouement. En France, la création en 2014 du collectif Inversons la classe ! dévolu à la formation en témoigne. Dans cet article, nous nous interrogerons sur le développement professionnel des enseignants dans le contexte des réseaux sociaux numériques en observant les discussions d’un chat mis en place par ce collectif. Si le phénomène des communautés en ligne et l’intérêt de la recherche pour le développement professionnel dans ces espaces n’est pas nouveau, il se renouvelle avec l’essor du web social et de ses usages par les enseignants et collectifs d’enseignants. Constituées de traces d’activité issues des réseaux sociaux numériques et d’un entretien, nos données permettent de décrire une trajectoire individuelle de participation au regard des indicateurs de développement professionnel retenus. Nos résultats indiquent que les changements de pratique déclarés ne se sont pas construits socialement au cours des discussions avec les autres participants. Nous observons davantage un engagement progressif dans un processus de négociation identitaire qui permet à l’enseignante de trouver peu à peu une reconnaissance parmi les « inverseurs », notamment grâce à la relation construite avec une figure centrale du collectif.
Microscopic Surgical Anatomy of the Stapedius Muscle in Fresh Cadaveric Temporal Bone
Authors: Swain Santosh Kumar , Pani Somya Ranjan 
Published: January 2022

Introduction:
Stapedius muscle is the smallest bone in the human body and it has an important role for preventing loud noise exposing to the inner ear. This stapedius muscle has also a very significant role during stapes surgery for otosclerosis.

Materials and Methods:
We studied the microscopic anatomy of the 36-stapedius muscle at our temporal bone dissection laboratory during the period of March 2019 to April 2021. All the 36 fresh temporal bones were dissected with the help of the microdrill, burr, and Zeiss microscope. Details of the stapedius muscle anatomy such as origin, extension, and attachment were studied.

Results:
The length of the stapedius muscle was ranging from 8 to 11 mm. The tendon of the stapedius muscle was ranging from 1.5 to 2.5 mm. The classical shape of the stapedius muscle was sickle shape. The bulky bell of the stapedius muscle was from 1.5 to 3.5 mm.

Discussion and Conclusion:
Clear anatomical knowledge of the stapedius muscle is needed for the postgraduates and during learning period of the otologist. If anatomical knowledge is not clear, it may lead to confusion between the stapedius muscle and facial nerve. Awareness regarding microscopic anatomic is required for avoiding the confusion between the facial nerve and stapedius muscle or during the facial nerve grafting.