bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A SÍFILIS ESTÁ DE VOLTA SYPHILIS IS BACK
Authors: Góes Rabelo Rosangela , De Araújo Melo Leonardo , Santos Araujo Nara 
Published: March 2022

Sífilis é uma infecção sexualmente transmissível (IST) exclusiva do ser humano, transmitida através de práticas sexuais sem proteção, contato com sangue ou saliva de indivíduos infectados e através da mãe para o filho. Tem como agente etiológico a espiroqueta Treponema Pallidum e, de acordo com as características clínicas, imunológicas e histopatológicas, apresenta 3 fases distintas: primária, secundária e terciária. As manifestações orais são relevantes para o diagnóstico precoce e os cirurgiões-dentistas devem estar atentos à patologia, por ser curável quando diagnosticada e tratada de forma eficaz, o que reduz danos irreversíveis. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) unique to humans, transmitted through unprotected sexual practices, contact with blood or saliva from infected individuals and through the mother to the child. Its etiologic agent is the spirochete Treponema Pallidum and according to its clinical, immunological and histopathological features, it has 3 distinct phases: primary, secondary and tertiary. Oral manifestations are relevant for early diagnosis and dental surgeons should be alert to the pathology because it is curable when diagnosed and treated effectively, which reduces irreversible damage.
MOLDAGEM DIGITAL EM PRÓTESE DENTÁRIA DIGITAL IMPRESSIONS IN PROSTHODONTICS
Authors: Moitinho Troesch Milena , Borges Mello Bárbara , Oliveira Carvalho Adriana , Maria Castor Xisto Lima Emilena 
Published: March 2022

O ato de moldar é uma prática comum nos consultórios, no entanto, como avanço na área odontológica e na busca pela modernização para promoverconforto ao paciente e agilidade nos tratamentos, surgiram no iníciodos anos 80, os modelos digitais. Com os avanços tecnológicos, osprocessos de moldagem e obtenção de modelo digital, como também,a produção da peça protética, são feitos por meio do sistema CAD/CAM(Computer Aided Design/ Computer Aided Manufacturing) otimizandoa qualidade e tempo das reabilitações orais. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalhofoi apresentar uma revisão de literatura sobre a moldagem digitalem prótese dentária, suas indicações, vantagens, desvantagens e principaissistemas digitais disponíveis. Foi realizada uma busca nos periódicosda CAPES, Pubmed e Bireme com as palavras-chaves “Prótese Dentária”,“Desenho Assistido Por Computador” e “Restauração Dentária Permanente”e utilizados artigos no período de 2005 a 2020. A moldagem digitalfornece resultados similares às técnicas de impressão convencionaise atende aos requisitos de precisão para o processo de transferência deinformações da boca do paciente para o laboratório de prótese dentária.Além disso, o conforto do paciente e a agilidade no tratamento sãoaspectos positivos que agregam valor à essa tecnologia. Existem muitossistemas digitais disponíveis atualmente na área odontológica, cabe aocirurgião-dentista e ao laboratório de prótese escolher qual se adequamelhor à sua rotina.The act of impression is a common practice in dentistry, however, withthe advances in the dental field and the search for modernization in orderto promote patient comfort and agility in treatments, digital modelsemerged in the early 1980s. With technological advances, the processes of impression and obtaining a digital model, as well as the fabrication ofprosthetic parts, are performed by CAD / CAM system, optimizing thequality and time of oral rehabilitations. Thus, the aim of this study wasto present a literature review on digital impression in dental prosthesis,its indications, advantages, disadvantages and main available digital systems.A search was conducted in CAPES, Pubmed and Bireme journalswith the keywords “Dental Prosthesis”, “Computer Assisted Design” and“Permanent Dental Restoration” and the period for the studies used wasfrom 2005 to 2020. Digital impressions provides similar results to conventionaltechniques and meets the precision requirements for the process oftransferring information from the patient’s mouth to the dental laboratory.In addition, patient comfort and agility in treatment are positive aspectsthat add value to this technology. There are many digital systems currentlyavailable in the dental field, it is up to the dentist and the prosthesis laboratoryto choose which one best suits your routine.
Probiotic Treatment Enhances Pre-feeding Larval Development and Early Survival in Zebrafish Danio rerio
Authors: Padeniya Uthpala , Larson Earl T. , Septriani Shafira , Pataueg Arjay , Kafui Akpoh Rhoda , Hasan Ekramul , Mmaduakonam Obodoefuna Somadina , Kim Gun-Do , Kiddane Anley Teferra , Brown Christopher L 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The growth and development of healthy culture subjects are essential in increasing productivity in the aquaculture industry. A primary determinant of aquatic animal productivity is the ambient microbial population. If an aquatic animal's microbiome is diverse, with bacteria favoring beneficial over pathogenic species, the health and growth of the animal (i.e., fish or crustacean) can be substantially improved. Embryonic and newly hatched Zebrafish Danio rerio larvae were reared in the presence of (1) water from the broodstock culture tank as a control, (2) a probiotic solution containing 19 strains of live lactic acid bacteria (LAB), or (3) an antibiotic (AB) solution with amoxycillin. Developmental parameters were monitored until 10 d postfertilization. Bacteria present in the water and larvae were cultured and identified by sequencing the V4 hypervariable region of bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA. Probiotic-treated larvae showed significant increases in every measured morphological parameter and in survival compared to the controls and AB-treated larvae, including TL, eye development, and swim bladder development before first feeding. Staining with DASPEI (2-(4-[dimethylamino]styryl)-N-ethylpyridinium iodide) produced fluorescence, revealing increased mitochondrial activity in the gastrointestinal tracts of probiotic-treated larvae and reflecting advancement of initial metabolic function. Probiotic-treated larvae showed accelerated yolk absorption, resulting in increased nutrient mobilization and growth. Microbial analyses revealed a greater concentration of bacteria in larvae in response to the probiotic treatment compared to the other two treatments. Species identified in all three treatments included Pseudomonas spp. and Aeromonas spp. (Proteobacteria). The second most diverse and abundant microbiome was seen in controls, whereas AB-treated larvae had the least diverse microbiome. All treatments revealed the presence of proteobacteria, but an AB-resistant pathogenic bacterium (Stenotrophomonas maltophilia) was identified in the AB group. These results reveal that the presence of LAB and other bacteria favorably influenced early larval growth, development, digestive function, and survival in Zebrafish even before the onset of feeding.
Using eclipse scripting to fully automate in‐vivo image analysis to improve treatment quality and safety
Authors: Chalise Ananta Raj , Bojechko Casey 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposeAn automated, in‐vivo system to detect patient anatomy changes and machine output was developed using novel analysis of in‐vivo electronic portal imaging device (EPID) images for every fraction of treatment on a Varian Halcyon. In‐vivo approach identifies errors that go undetected by routine quality assurance (QA) to compliment daily machine performance check (MPC), with minimal physicist workload.MethodsImages for all fractions treated on a Halcyon were automatically downloaded and analyzed at the end of treatment day. For image analysis, compared to first fraction, the mean difference of high‐dose region of interest is calculated. This metric has shown to predict changes in planning treatment volume (PTV) mean dose. Flags are raised for: (Type‐A) treatment fraction whose mean difference exceeds 10%, to protect against large errors, and (Type‐B) patients with three consecutive fractions with mean exceeding ±3%, to protect against systematic trends. If a threshold is exceeded, a physicist is e‐mailed, a report for flagged patients, for investigation. To track machine output changes, for all patients treated on a day, the average and standard deviations are uploaded to a QA portal, along with the reviewed MPC, ensuring comprehensive QA for the Halcyon. To guide clinical implementation, a retrospective study from November 2017 till December 2020 was conducted, which grouped errors by treatment site. This framework has been used prospectively since January 2021.ResultsFrom retrospective data of 1633 patients (35 759 fractions), no Type‐A errors were found and only 45 patients (2.76%) had Type‐B errors. These Type‐B deviations were due to head‐and‐neck weight loss. For 6 months of prospective use (345 patients), 13 patients (3.7%) had Type‐B errors and no Type‐A errors.ConclusionsThis automated system protects against errors that can occur in vivo to provide a more comprehensive QA. This fully automated framework can be implemented in other centers with a Halcyon, requiring a desktop computer and analysis scripts.
The safety and efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin in autoimmune encephalitis
Authors: Lee Soon‐Tae , Lee Han Sang , Lee Woo‐Jin , Cha Han‐A , Kim Seon Hui , Shin Seo‐Yi , Chu Kon , Lee Sang Kun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveAlthough intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is the first‐line immunotherapy in autoimmune encephalitis, all supporting evidence comes from retrospective case series. Here, we performed a prospective clinical trial of IVIG for functional recovery in autoimmune encephalitis.MethodsThis single‐arm, open‐label study assessed the efficacy and safety of 10% intravenous IVIG treatment in newly diagnosed patients with possible autoimmune encephalitis. Patients received IVIG (0.4 g/kg/day) for 5 days. Rescue immunotherapy was permitted when the patient deteriorated before day 8 or showed no improvement at day 8. The primary outcome was the change in the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at day 8 and 29. The secondary outcomes were the mRS score improvement and the score changes and improvements on four other clinical scales.ResultsOverall, 23 patients received IVIG (intension‐to‐treat, ITT), and 18 patients completed the study according to the protocol (per‐protocol, PP). mRS improved significantly at days 8 and 29 compared to baseline in both the ITT and PP populations. Other secondary outcomes also improved significantly at day 8, 15, and 29 versus baseline. In the PP population, 6/18 patients achieved favorable outcomes with IVIG alone (mRS = 0~2 at day 8), and 12/18 patients received rescue immunotherapy. Five adverse events were reported in relation to IVIG, all of which were mild.InterpretationIVIG improved neurological functional outcomes, and the improvement was evident by day 8. Adverse effects were tolerable. These data provide the prospective evidence regarding the efficacy of IVIG in improving the functional outcomes of autoimmune encephalitis.
Electrical Manipulation of Exchange Bias in an Antiferromagnet/Ferromagnet‐Based Device via Spin–Orbit Torque
Authors: Fang Bin , Sánchez‐Tejerina San José Luis , Chen Aitian , Li Yan , Zheng Dongxing , Ma Yinchang , Algaidi Hanin , Liu Kai , Finocchio Giovanni , Zhang Xixiang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractElectrical manipulation of exchange bias (EB) enables an additional degree of freedom in the design of innovative spintronic devices. However, the electrical switching of EB via spin–orbit torque (SOT) has not been achieved in magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs), which are one of the building blocks in spintronic devices. Herein, based on the SOT in antiferromagnets (AFMs), perpendicular EB reversal across AFM IrMn and ferromagnetic (FM) [Co/Pt]2 multilayer is demonstrated both in extended and confined geometries. In particular, in three‐terminal perpendicular MTJ devices, the switching of the EB using the SOT is achieved. Both high and low resistances are observed at the zero magnetic field during EB switching. The findings provide the direction to include a new functionality in spintronic devices and will inspire future research in exploring the electrical control of EB in SOT magnetic random access memory (SOT‐MRAM).
Rapid Surface Display of mRNA Antigens by Bacteria‐Derived Outer Membrane Vesicles for a Personalized Tumor Vaccine
Authors: Li Yao , Ma Xiaotu , Yue Yale , Zhang Kaiyue , Cheng Keman , Feng Qingqing , Ma Nana , Liang Jie , Zhang Tianjiao , Zhang Lizhuo , Chen Zhiqiang , Wang Xinwei , Ren Lei , Zhao Xiao , Nie Guangjun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTherapeutic mRNA vaccination is an attractive approach to trigger antitumor immunity. However, the mRNA delivery technology for customized tumor vaccine is still limited. In this work, bacteria‐derived outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are employed as an mRNA delivery platform by genetically engineering with surface decoration of RNA binding protein, L7Ae, and lysosomal escape protein, listeriolysin O (OMV‐LL). OMV‐LL can rapidly adsorb box C/D sequence‐labelled mRNA antigens through L7Ae binding (OMV‐LL‐mRNA) and deliver them into dendritic cells (DCs), following by the cross‐presentation via listeriolysin O‐mediated endosomal escape. OMV‐LL‐mRNA significantly inhibits melanoma progression and elicits 37.5% complete regression in a colon cancer model. OMV‐LL‐mRNA induces a long‐term immune memory and protects the mice from tumor challenge after 60 days. In summary, this platform provides a delivery technology distinct from lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for personalized mRNA tumor vaccination, and with a “Plug‐and‐Display” strategy that enables its versatile application in mRNA vaccines.
Bioinspired Tough Solid‐State Electrolyte for Flexible Ultralong‐Life Zinc–Air Battery
Authors: Dou Haozhen , Xu Mi , Zheng Yun , Li Zhaoqiang , Wen Guobin , Zhang Zhen , Yang Leixin , Ma Qianyi , Yu Aiping , Luo Dan , Wang Xin , Chen Zhongwei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractManufacturing advanced solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) for flexible rechargeable batteries becomes increasingly important but remains grand challenge. The sophisticated structure of robust animal dermis and good water‐retention of plant cell in nature grant germane inspirations for designing high‐performance SSEs. Herein, tough bioinspired SSEs with intrinsic hydroxide ion (OH−) conduction are constructed by in situ formation of OH− conductive ionomer network within a hollow‐polymeric‐microcapsule‐decorated hydrogel polymer network. By virtue of the bioinspired design and dynamic dual‐penetrating network structure, the bioinspired SSEs simultaneously obtain mechanical robustness with 1800% stretchability, good water uptake of 107 g g−1 and water retention, and superhigh ion conductivity of 215 mS cm−1. The nanostructure of bioinspired SSE and related ion‐conduction mechanism are revealed and visualized by molecular dynamics simulation, where plenty of compact and superfast ion‐transport channels are constructed, contributing to superhigh ion conductivity. As a result, the flexible solid‐state zinc–air batteries assembled with bioinspired SSEs witness high power density of 148 mW cm−2, specific capacity of 758 mAh g−1 and ultralong cycling stability of 320 h as well as outstanding flexibility. The bioinspired methodology and deep insight of ion‐conduction mechanism will shed light on the design of advanced SSEs for flexible energy conversion and storage systems.
Economic impression of on‐farm research for sustainable crop production, milk yield, and livelihood options in semi‐arid regions of central India
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Sharma Purushottam , Satyapriya  , Govindasamy Prabhu , Singh Maharaj , Kumar Sant , Halli Hanamant M , Choudhary Bishwa Bhaskar , Bagavathiannan Muthukumar 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFarming system research (FSR) is on‐farm research that brings cutting‐edge agricultural technologies to growers to enhance farm production, family income, and livelihood status. In 2007, an on‐farm study was started on FSR in central India, and the effect was assessed after 5 yr (2012–2013) of implementation by comparing adopters and nonadopters of FSR‐based promoted technologies. Further, in 2018–2019, the status of adoption of introduced technologies was also assessed. The study revealed that improved practices such as pre‐sowing irrigation, high‐yielding varieties, and crop protection measures collectively improved the system productivity of the adopters by 28%; the improved productivity was mainly due to increased yield of blackgram (Vigna mungoL., 157%), groundnut (Arachis hypogaeaL., 34%), and wheat (Triticum aestivumL., 12%). Adoption of ration balancing and healthcare practices promoted under the FSR project accentuated the milk yield of farm animals (200 L yr–1cattle–1) of adopters. The farm diversification and sustainable production practices under the FSR‐based interventions increased family income of adopters by 35% (US$1,517.7 yr–1) and employment by 42%. Adopter households averaged a 33.76% higher return per unit of investment than nonadopters. The estimated change is primarily due to the non‐neutral technological change. The findings of the study offer important lessons for the promotion of FSR‐based interventions for improving the livelihood of resource‐poor farmers in arid and the semi‐arid regions across the world.
Contrasting effects of nectar yeasts on the reproduction of Mediterranean plant species
Authors: de Vega Clara , Albaladejo Rafael G. , Álvarez‐Pérez Sergio , Herrera Carlos M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPremiseYeasts are often present in floral nectar and can influence plant fitness directly (independently of pollinators) or indirectly by influencing pollinator visitation and behavior. However, few studies have assessed the effect of nectar yeasts on plant reproductive success or compared effects across different plant species, limiting our understanding of the relative impact of direct vs. indirect effects.MethodsWe inoculated the nectar of six plant species in the field with the cosmopolitan yeast Metschnikowia reukaufii to analyze the direct and indirect effects on female reproductive success over 2 years. The pollinator assemblage for each species was recorded during both flowering years.ResultsDirect yeast effects on female fecundity were statistically nonsignificant for all plant species. There were significant indirect, pollinator‐mediated effects on fruit production and seed mass for the two species pollinated almost exclusively by bumblebees or hawkmoths, with the direction of the effects differing for the quantity‐ and quality‐related fitness components. There were no consistent effects of the yeast on maternal fecundity for any of the species with diverse pollinator assemblages.ConclusionsEffects of M. reukaufii on plant reproduction ranged from negative to neutral or positive depending on the plant species. The among‐species variation in the indirect effects of nectar yeasts on plant pollination could reflect variation in the pollinator community, the specific microbes colonizing the nectar, and the order of microbial infection (priority effects), determining potential species interactions. Elucidating the nature of these multitrophic plant–pollinator–microbe interactions is important to understand complex processes underlying plant pollination.
Me3SiCl‐Catalyzed Electrophilic Thiocyanation/Cyclization of Alkynylbenzoates to Synthesize 4‐Thiocyanatoisocourmarins
Authors: Shao Chukai , He Ying , Yin Hongquan , Chen Fu‐Xue 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA metal‐free and regioselective electrophilic thiocyanation/cyclization of alkynylbenzoates has been developed to afford series of thiocyanato‐containing isocourmarins catalyzed by Me3SiCl. Tandem thiocyanation/6‐endo cyclization of alkynylbenzoates was achieved using N‐thiocyanatosuccinimide (NTS). A wide scope of substrates and functional groups have been tolerated with moderate to excellent yield up to 98%. The mild reaction conditions make this protocol more practical to access isocourmarins bearing a thiocyanato group with diverse transformations.
Research on synthesis of polyurethane based on a new chain extender obtained from waste polyethylene terephthalate
Authors: Li Qunyang , He Hui , Zhang Cheng , Liang Xutong , Shen Yue 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBis(2‐hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET), the alcoholysis monomer of waste polyethylene terephthalate, can form a cross‐linked network structure with the polyurethane main chain because of the unique structure of active hydroxyl groups. In this work, organic small molecular BHET was applied as a new chain extender in polyurethane synthesis. A green and facile method was proposed to fabricate waterborne polyurethane (WPU) by recycling waste polyester. It was found that WPU was successfully prepared by using BHET as chain extender. Compared with polyurethane prepared by small molecular chain extender 1,4‐butanediol (BDO), mechanical strength and thermal stability of polyurethane were remarkably enhanced by the incorporation of BHET. Meanwhile, the water absorption rate of the polyurethane is reduced. The tensile strength of WPU/BDO materials with 3.77 wt% BDO was 5.3 MPa, while WPU/BHET materials with 3.77 wt% BHET was 9.4 MPa. Furthermore, the elongation at break of WPU/BHET materials reached the maximum with 5.66 wt% BHET. Moreover, WPU/BHET materials prepared by using BHET as a chain extender have better thermal stability in high temperature environments. BHET with distinctive structure and the uniform dispersion will have more potentials for the preparation of high‐performance polyurethane composites, especially for green recycling of polyester materials.
Recent Progress in Transition Metal‐Catalyzed Hydrosilane‐Mediated C−H Silylation
Authors: Kong Yuanfang , Mu Delong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOrganosilicon compounds are widely used in materials science, medicinal chemistry and synthetic chemistry. Recently, significant progress has been achieved in transition metal‐catalyzed dehydrogenative C−H silylation. Particularly, recently developed monohydrosilane and dihydrosilane mediated C−H silylation have emerged as powerful tools in constructing C−Si bonds. Besides, dihydrosilane‐mediated enantioselective asymmetric C−H silylation has successfully enabled the construction of central and helical silicon chirality. In addition, chiral organosilicon compounds have exhibited excellent photoelectric material properties and broad application prospects. Furthermore, organosilicon compounds could under a series of functional group transformations to enrich the diversity of silicon chemistry. This review will present a comprehensive picture of the development of transition metal‐catalyzed hydrosilane‐mediated intramolecular C(sp2)−H and C(sp3)−H silylation organized by their reaction types and mechanisms. In addition, dihydrosilane‐mediated enantioselective asymmetric C−H silylation to construct central and helical silicon chirality will also be highlighted in the review.