bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequency and reasons of bypassing lower health care facilities in Lira district- Northern Uganda
Authors: Okori Samuel , Besigye Innocent Kabahena , Namatovu Jane Francis 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
BackgroundTo improve access to health care for all who need, the government of Uganda increased the number of lower level health facilities across the country. However, many patients prefer to bypass the lower level facilities in favour of the high level facilities. Bypass of health care is the situation that patients seek care at a high level facility farther away than the nearby lower facility. Lira district has 42 lower health facilities and one referral hospital that received all referrals from the region. The ratio between patients with and without referral and the reason for bypass are unknown.The study aims to get insight into the frequency of and the reasons why patients visit Lira hospital thereby bypassing lower health facilities.Methods We performed a one-month descriptive cross-sectional study among patients visiting the outpatient department of Lira hospital after written informed consent: qualitatively with four focus group discussions (FGD) of ten participants each and quantitatively using validated questionnaires. The questionnaire included socio-demographic questions, their complaints and the reason(s) to visit the hospital, In the FGD the reasons of bypass were discussed. The topic list includes the patients’ expectations and experience with the lower facility. Thematic analysis of transcripts was performed. Codes and categories were developed and interrogated following an iterative process. The results of the questionnaires were entered in Epidata 3.1 and analysed with SPSS18. Results 387 out of 481(80.5%) respondents recruited by systematic random sampling, bypassed lower health care facilities and were associated with marital status, distance travelled of >10 km from the home town to the hospital and tertiary education. Lack of trust in health care providers, lack of medicines and diagnostic equipment and poor quality of health services at lower health facilities were the main reasons to bypass.ConclusionImprovement of the lack of trust in health care providers and of the poor quality of health services in the lower health care facilities is essential to reduce the bypass problem and to realize health care for all who need within 5 km of the place where they live.
Expression of hormone receptors is associated with specific immunological profiles of the breast cancer microenvironment
Authors: Hanamura Toru , Kitano Shigehisa , Kagamu Hiroshi , Yamashita Makiko , Terao Mayako , Okamura Takuho , Kumaki Nobue , Hozumi Katsuto , Iwamoto Takayuki , Honda Chikako , Kurozumi Sasagu , Niikura Naoki 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Elucidating the unique immunoregulatory mechanisms in breast cancer microenvironment may help develop new therapeutic strategies. Some studies have suggested that hormone receptors also have immune regulatory functions, but their mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we have comprehensively analyzed the relationship between the expressions of estrogen (ER), progesterone (PgR), and androgen receptors (AR), and the immunological profile in breast cancer.
Methods
Using publicly available gene expression profile datasets, METABRIC and SCAN-B, the associations between the expressions of hormone receptors and the immune cell compositions in breast cancer tissue, estimated by CIBERSORTx algorithm, were analyzed. We histologically evaluated tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (hTIL), PD-L1 (hPD-L1) expression, and the infiltration of 11 types of immune cells by flow cytometry (FCM) for 45 breast cancer tissue samples. The relationships between them and the expressions of ER, PgR, and AR of tumor tissues, evaluated immunohistochemically, were analyzed.
Results
Expressions of ESR1, PGR, and AR were negatively correlated with overall immune composition. Expressions of ER and AR, but not that of PgR, were inversely associated with hTIL and hPD-L1 expression. FCM analysis showed that the expressions of ER and AR, but not that of PgR, were associated with decreased total leukocyte infiltration. Both CIBERSORTx and FCM analysis showed that ER expression was associated with reduced infiltration of macrophages and CD4 + T cells, and that of AR with reduced macrophage infiltration.
Conclusion
Hormone receptor expression correlates with specific immunological profiles in the breast cancer microenvironment both at the gene and protein expression levels.
WITHDRAWN: Implementation of soft computing techniques in forecasting compressive strength and permeability of pervious concrete blended with GGBS
Authors: kumar Sudhir 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Due to the associated economic, environmental, and performance advantages, using natural pozzolans as a substitute for cement is regarded as a standard guidelines in the construction sector. In order to achieve, it is beneficial to use GGBS in the production of concrete, which was identified as the most effective supplementary cementitious material in resisting environmental threats. According to the literature review, GGBS concrete is more impermeable than PPC concrete (concrete with fly ash) or pure OPC concrete. However, it has the potential to increase the strength of concrete, which is a significant disadvantage of pervious concrete. Hence this study investigates the variation of strength and permeability of pervious concrete in order to obtain the optimal proportion of GGBS inclusion in concrete production. Along with that, the research uses artificial neural networks to estimate the compressive strength, water permeability, and porosity of pervious concrete blended with several proportions of GGBS. The study results showed that the inclusion of larger aggregate sizes significantly increased the strength but the effect of adding GGBS in partial replacement of cement could not. As a result, GGBS might replace some of the cement in concrete without significantly altering its mechanical qualities. Further, the developed ANN models outperformed the conventional MLR model and it can act as a useful alternative to analytical models for predicting strength and permeability values in pervious concrete.
Disordered network structure and function in dystonia: Pathological connectivity vs. adaptive responses
Authors: Vo An , Nguyen Nha , Fujita Koji , Schindlbeck Katharina A. , Rommal Andrea , Bressman Susan B. , Niethammer Martin , Eidelberg David 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Primary dystonia is thought to emerge through abnormal functional relationships between basal ganglia and cerebellar motor circuits. These interactions may differ across disease subtypes and provide a novel biomarker for diagnosis and treatment. Using a network mapping algorithm based on resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI), a method that is readily implemented on conventional MRI scanners, we identified similar disease topographies in hereditary dystonia associated with the DYT1 or DYT6 mutations and in sporadic patients lacking these mutations. Both networks were characterized by contributions from the basal ganglia, cerebellum, thalamus, sensorimotor areas, as well as cortical association regions. Expression levels for the two networks were elevated in hereditary and sporadic dystonia, and in non-manifesting carriers of dystonia mutations. Nonetheless, the distribution of abnormal functional connections differed across groups, as did metrics of network organization and efficiency in key modules. Despite these differences, network expression correlated with dystonia motor ratings, significantly improving the accuracy of predictions based on thalamocortical tract integrity obtained with diffusion tensor MRI (DTI). Thus, in addition to providing unique information regarding the anatomy of abnormal brain circuits, rs-fMRI functional networks may provide a widely accessible method to help in the objective evaluation of new treatments for this disorder.
Factors affecting the choice and usage of glucometers in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Vitebskaya A. V. , Krasnovidova A. E. , Rimskaya A. M. 
Published: July 2022

Introduction. Glucometers are the most available devices for glycemic control in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1). Changing social conditions and development of modern technologies can influence patients' preferences.Aim. To study the factors affecting the choice and usage of glucometers in children and adolescents with DM1 in real clinical practiceMaterials and methods. In 06.2020-05.2021, 107 patients 12.0 (8.8; 15.0) years with DM1 for 4.4 (2.0; 7.6) years filled in a questionnaire about the usage of glucometers.Results and discussion. While questioning patients used glucometers Contour (34 patients, 31.7%), OneTouch (33, 30.8%), Accu-Check (33, 30.8%), Satellit (3, 2.8%), AiChek (1, 0.9%), Easy Touch (1, 0.9%). Children start to use glucometer together with parents at 4.5 (4.0; 5.3) years, by themselves - at 6.0 (5.0; 7.0) years. Do not clean hands before finger puncture 55 (51.4%) patients, use wet wipes - 24 (22.4%), use antiseptics - 26 (24.3%), wash hands with soap - 2 (1.9%). Episodes of inflammation at the sites of punctures were reported by 21 patients (19.6%); patients using antiseptics faced with inflammation significantly rarer than others - OR = 2.7 (95% CI 0.6-12.6). Errors of glucometers were reported by 48 (44.9%) patients independently to method how they clean hands. Choosing glucometers patients pay attention to accuracy (76, 71.0%), blood drop volume (48, 44.9%), memory amount (22, 20.6%), size of device (22, 20.6%), mobile application (17, 15.9%), invisibility (10, 9.3%), design (7, 6.5%); and lightening, comfortable blood pin, battery indicator, possibility to add blood sample (1 per each, 0.9%).Conclusion. Children and adolescents with DM1 use glucometers Contour, OneTouch, and Accu-Check more often. Self-dependent usage of glucometers starts at preschool age. The majority of patients do not clean hands before puncture of a finger; antiseptics usage decreases the probability of inflammation. Choosing glucometers patients pay attention to technical characteristics and comfort.
Hydrogeochemistry mechanism contrasts between low and high sulfate in limestone aquifers at the massive coalfield in Anhui province, China
Authors: Xu Jiying , Gui Herong , Wu Caifang , Guo Yan , Li Jun , Li Chen , Chen Jiayu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
High sulfate mine groundwater at the Huaibei coalfield has exceeded the permissible limit (250 mg/l) of World Health Organization, posing serious threat to nearby water resource. A total of 28 samples were collected from Taiyuan formation aquifer (TA) and Ordovician aquifer (QA). In view of the mean concentration in two aquifers, the TA and OA were identified as high sulfate group and low sulfate group. The contrast on hydrochemical characterization and water-rock interactions were analyzed to reveal the mechanism of sulfate enrichment in mine groundwater. Compared with low sulfate groundwater, the high sulfate groundwater possess a higher content of TDS, Na+ and Cl−, which elevated by 3.83, 4.0 and 3.29 times, respectively. The low sulfate groundwater is controlled by Ca-Na-HCO3 type (82%), whereas the high sulfate groundwater is dominated by Na-SO4-HCO3 type (88%). The geochemical process of low sulfate groundwater is influenced by dissolution of carbonate minerals and weak ion exchange. The mechanism of sulfate enrichment in mine groundwater are predominately controlled by both silicate and carbonate minerals weathering, strong ion exchange interaction and competitive effect. The outcomes enhance understanding of the mechanism of high sulfate mine water and provide theoretical support for mine wastewater treatment.
HIGHLIGHTS Hydrogeochemistry mechanism contrasts between low and high sulfate in limestone aquifers were studied. Water environment for high sulfate mine groundwater was revealed from comparative analysis with low sulfate mine groundwater. Corresponding minerals dissolution dominated the hydro-chemistry process together with ion exchange and competitive effect.
Real-time monitoring of aqueous Hg2+ reduction dynamics by magnetite/iron metal composite powders synthesized hydrothermally
Authors: Brunet Fabrice , Tisserand Delphine , Lanson Martine , Malvoisin Benjamin , Bertrand Mathieu , Bonnaud Céline 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
An iron-based powder material composed of zerovalent iron (8 wt.%) and magnetite (92 wt.%), has been synthesized hydrothermally at 200 °C from zero-valent iron. Its effect on the reduction of aqueous Hg2+ into gaseous Hg0 has been investigated at ambient conditions for pH comprised between 4 and 8.5. The production of Hg0 was monitored with an online mercury vapor analyzer at the picogram level for concentrations of iron-based composite of a few tenths of mg L−1. Starting from a solution having an Hg2+ concentration of 25 ng L−1 at pH = 4, a succession of two Hg0 production events was recorded. The first event is related to the Hg2+ reduction by ZVI which fully dissolved within the first hours. Upon ZVI consumption, pH drifted towards the pH window where magnetite can efficiently reduce Hg2+ at the hour timescale, resulting in a second Hg0 production peak. The combined use of ZVI and magnetite to remove aqueous Hg2+ by formation of Hg0 (volatile) under mild acidic pH allows (1) to maximize the Hg2+ reduction rate and (2) to take benefit of the longer lifetime of magnetite compared to ZVI.
Anthelmintic Drugs for Repurposing against Gram-Negative Bacilli
Infections
Authors: Canturri Andrea Miró , Smani Younes 
Published: July 2022

:
Bacterial infections are among the leading causes of death worldwide. The
emergence of antimicrobial resistance factors threatens the efficacy of all current antimicrobial
agents, with some already made ineffective, and, as a result, there is an urgent
need for new treatment approaches. International organizations, such as the World
Health Organization and the European Centre for Diseases Control, have recognized infections
caused by multi-drug-resistant (MDR) bacteria as a priority for global health action.

:
Classical antimicrobial drug discovery involves in vitro screening for antimicrobial candidates,
Structure-Activity Relationship analysis, followed by in vivo testing for toxicity.
Bringing drugs from the bench to the bedside involves huge expenditures in time and resources.
This, along with the relatively short window of therapeutic application for antibiotics
attributed to the rapid emergence of drug resistance, has, at least until recently, resulted
in a waning interest in antibiotic discovery among pharmaceutical companies. In
this environment, “repurposing” (defined as investigating new uses for existing approved
drugs) has gained renewed interest, as reflected by several recent studies, and may help
to speed up the drug development process and save years of expensive research invested
in antimicrobial drug development.

:
The goal of this review is to provide an overview of the scientific evidence on potential
anthelmintic drugs targeting Gram-negative bacilli (GNB). In particular, we aim to: (i)
highlight the potential of anthelmintic drugs for treatments of GNB infections, (ii) review
their mechanisms of action against these bacteria, (iii) summarize the outcome of preclinical
studies investigating approved anthelmintic drugs that target these bacteria, (iv) provide
critical challenges for further anthelmintic repurposing drugs development, and (v)
list the specific anthelmintic drugs that may be more likely to be repurposed.
An Overview of Synthetic Routes of Pharmaceutically Important Pyranopyrazoles
Authors: Iqbal Sarosh , Kiran Shumaila , Anwar Aliza , Abrar Shazia , Khalid Ansa , Moloney Mark G. , Akhtar Muhammad N. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract:Pyranopyrazoles are bicyclic nitrogen-containing heterocycles having broadspectrum bioactivities, which may act as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, insecticidal and molluscicidal agents. Pyranopyrazoles have become an attractive scaffold for the discovery of new drugs due to the diverse range of bioactivities associated with this nucleus. In this review, we have focused on the medicinal importance of pyranopyrazole derivatives and highlighted different routes for the synthesis of pyranopyrazole derivatives using inexpensive and commonly available starting materials.
Hippocampal miR-124 Participates in the Pathogenesis of Depression via
Regulating the Expression of BDNF in a Chronic Social Defeat Stress
Model of Depression
Authors: Shi Lin-Sheng , Ji Chun-Hui , Tang Wen-Qian , Liu Yue , Zhang Wei , Guan Wei 
Published: July 2022

Objective:
As one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders, the exact pathogenesis of
depression remains elusive. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify novel antidepressants for
effective treatment. MicroRNA-124 (miR-124), the most abundant miRNA in brain tissue, plays a key
effect on adult neurogenesis and neuronal differentiation. However, the mechanism of miR-124 in
depression has not been clarified so far. The aim of this study is to provide broad insight into the
mechanisms underlying depression.

Methods:
In the study, we used the forced swim test (FST), the tail suspension test (TST), and a
Chronic Social Defeat Stress (CSDS) mice model of depression. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription
PCR (qRT-PCR), western blotting, immunofluorescence and virus-mediated gene transfer
were used together. The level of plasma corticosterone in mice was analyzed by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent
Assay (ELISA).

Results:
It was found that CSDS robustly increased the level of miR-124 in the hippocampus. Genetic
knockdown of hippocampal miR-124 produced significant antidepressant-like effects in the CSDS
model of depression. Furthermore, AAV-siR-124-EGFP treatment increased the level of plasma corticosterone
in CSDS-induced mice. Moreover, it was found that the antidepressant-like effects induced
by miR-124 inhibition required the hippocampal BDNF-TrkB system.

Conclusion:
Hippocampal miR-124 participated in the pathogenesis of depression by regulating
BDNF biosynthesis and was a feasible antidepressant target.
The Significance of The Detection of Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase, Hypersensitive
C-Reactive Protein, and N-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic
Peptide for the Evaluation of the Severity and Progression of Pediatric Patients
with Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Kang Jun , Liu Yu , Yang Peng , Liu Hao-Cheng , Sun Si , Zhang Jia-Liang 
Published: July 2022

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate changes in the levels of serum lactate dehydrogenase
(LDH), hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide
(NT-proBNP) in pediatric patients with traumatic brain injury and the clinical significance of
detecting these changes for the evaluation of injury severity and patient progress.

Methods:
A retrospective study was conducted on 40 pediatric patients admitted to the Tongren Hospital
of China Capital Medical University with traumatic brain injury between January 2018 and December
2019. Immunoturbidimetric assay and electrochemiluminescence were used to detect the serum
levels of LDH, hs-CRP, and NT-proBNP. Correlation analysis was used to determine the degree
of association between the indicators and the sensitivity and specificity of each indicator.

Results:
The serum levels of LDH, hs-CRP, and NT-proBNP in the poor-prognosis group were higher
than those in the good-prognosis group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
The detection of serum LDH, hs-CRP, and NT-proBNP might be of great significance
for the evaluation of the severity of a traumatic brain injury, disease progression, and the prognosis of
pediatric patients with traumatic brain injury. The combined detection of the relevant indicators could
provide more effective sensitivity and specificity and therefore offer better guidance and assistance in
clinical practice.
Effect of Theory of Planned Behavior on Fear of Vaginal Delivery: A Randomized Educational Trial
Authors: Yousefvand Monir , Khorsandi Mahboobeh , Roozbahani Nasrin , Ranjbaran Mehdi 
Published: July 2022

Background:Fear of childbirth is a common problem in pregnant women, which usually results in increased request for Cesarean section deliveries. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of education based on the theory of planned behavior on fear of childbirth and choosing vaginal delivery among pregnant women.Methods:One hundred pregnant women at 20-36 weeks’ gestation who were covered by the health centers of Aleshtar, Iran were selected using simple random sampling. After pretest using two valid and reliable questionnaires (one researcher-made questionnaire and the Childbirth Attitudes Questionnaire (CAQ)), the samples were randomly allocated to intervention and control groups. The intervention group attended four educational sessions. Then, after the intervention, the above questionnaires were administered in both groups once again. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance, t test, chi-square test, Mann-Whitney test, and Wilcoxon test.Results:There was no significant difference in the constructs of the theory between the two groups before the intervention while significant differences were observed in the scores of knowledge , attitude, and perceived behavioral control (P = 0.001), intention to choose vaginal delivery (P = 0.004), and vaginal delivery (P = 0.001) between the two groups.Conclusions:Education based on the theory of planned behavior could significantly affect the fear of childbirth and increase the vaginal delivery rate.
Optimized Navigation of Mobile Robots Based on Faster R-CNN in
Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Sevugan Alagumuthukrishnan , Karthikeyan Periyasami , Sarveshwaran Velliangiri , Manoharan Rajesh 
Published: July 2022

Background:
In recent years, deep learning techniques have dramatically enhanced mobile
robot sensing, navigation, and reasoning. Due to the advancements in machine vision technology and
algorithms, visual sensors have become increasingly crucial in mobile robot applications in recent
years. However, due to the low computing efficiency of current neural network topologies and their
limited adaptability to the requirements of robotic experimentation, there will still be gaps in implementing
these techniques on real robots. It is worth noting that AI technologies are used to solve several
difficulties in mobile robotics using visuals as the sole source of information or with additional
sensors like lasers or GPS. Over the last few years, many works have already been proposed, resulting
in a wide range of methods. They built a reliable environment model, calculated the position of the
model, and managed the robot's mobility from one location to another.

Objective:
The proposed method aims to detect an object in the smart home and office using optimized,
faster R-CNN and improve accuracy for different datasets.

Methods:
The proposed methodology uses a novel clustering technique based on faster R-CNN networks,
a new and effective method for detecting groups of measurements with a continuous similarity.
The resulting communities are coupled with the metric information given by the robot's distance estimation
through an agglomerative hierarchical clustering algorithm. The proposed method optimizes
ROI layers for generating the optimized features.

Results:
The proposed approach is tested on indoor and outdoor datasets, producing topological maps
that aid semantic location. We show that the system successfully categorizes places when the robot
returns to the same area, despite potential lighting variations. The developed method provides better
accuracy than VGG-19 and RCNN methods.

Conclusion:
The findings were positive, indicating that accurate categorization can be accomplished
even under varying illumination circumstances by adequately designing an area's semantic map. The
Faster R-CNN model shows the lowest error rate among the three evaluated models.