bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of the COVID‐19 Pandemic on Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Application and Outcomes: Analysis in the “Lazio Network” Database
Authors: Grieco Michele , Galiffa Giampaolo , Marcellinaro Rosa , Santoro Emanuele , Persiani Roberto , Mancini Stefano , Di Paola Massimiliano , Santoro Roberto , Stipa Francesco , Crucitti Antonio , Carlini Massimo ,   the “Lazio Network” study group, Spoletini Domenico , Russo Giulia , Menditto Rosa , Palla Filippo , Giorgetti Gian Marco , Pernazza Graziano , Marino Paola , De Luca Laura , Mancini Raffaello , Pende Vito , Lirici Marco , Falbo Francesco , D'Ugo Domenico , Sollazzi Liliana , Mele Maria Cristina , Lorenzon Laura , Gasbarrini Antonio , Pezzuto Roberto , Rinninella Emanuele , Cintoni Marco , Adducci Enrica , Belardi Augusto , Bonasera Elena , Cappelloni Daniela , Angeloni Riccardo , Minieri Luciana , Sagnotta Andrea , Folliero Gloria , Solinas Luigi , Arturi Alessandro , Ferraris Corrado , Capuano Giorgio , Romeo Gherardo , Amodio Pietro Maria , Carnevale Sara , Sansonetti Andrea , Tierno Simone Maria , Mazzari Andrea , Diamanti Paolo , Muccichini Lucilla , Menghetti Damiano 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate how the COVID‐19 pandemic influenced ERAS program application in colorectal surgery across hospitals in the Lazio region (central district in Italy) participating in the “Lazio Network” project.MethodsA multi‐institutional database was constructed. All patients included in this study underwent elective colorectal surgery for both malignant and benign disease between January 2019 and December 2020. Emergency procedures were excluded. The population was divided into 2 groups: a pre‐COVID‐19 group (PG) of patients operated on between February and December 2019 and a COVID‐19 group (CG) of patients operated on between February and December 2020, during the first 2 waves of the pandemic in Italy.ResultsThe groups included 622 patients in the PG and 615 in the CG treated in 8 hospitals of the network. The mean number of items applied was higher in the PG (65.6% vs. 56.6%, p < 0.001) in terms of preoperative items (64.2% vs. 50.7%, p < 0.001), intraoperative items (65.0% vs. 53.3%, p < 0.001), and postoperative items (68.8% vs. 63.2%, p < 0.001). Postoperative recovery was faster in the PG, with a shorter time to first flatus, first stool, autonomous mobilization and discharge (6.82 days vs. 7.43 days, p = 0.021). Postoperative complications, mortality and reoperations were similar among the groups.ConclusionsThe COVID‐19 pandemic had a negative impact on the application of ERAS in the centers of the “Lazio Network” study group, with a reduction in adherence to the ERAS protocol in terms of preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative items. In addition, in the CG, the patients had worse postoperative outcomes with respect to recovery and discharge.
PD-1, PD-L1 and cAMP immunohistochemical expressions are associated with worse oncological outcome in patients with bladder cancer
Authors: Russo Giorgio Ivan , Musso Nicolò , Lo Giudice Arturo , Asmundo Maria Giovanna , Di Mauro Marina , Bonacci Paolo G. , Massimino Mariacristina , Bivona Dalida , Stefani Stefania , Pricoco Elisabetta , Ferro Matteo , Camarda Massimo , Cimino Sebastiano , Morgia Giuseppe , Caltabiano Rosario , Broggi Giuseppe 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
In this study, we aimed to identify prognostic factors of cancer mortality in patients who received radical cystectomy and to identify genomic alterations in a sub-cohort of patients with locally advanced (pT3-4) and/or positive lymph nodes bladder cancer (BC).

Methods
We collected 101 BC samples from 2010 to 2018 who previously received radical cystectomy. Immunohistochemical slides were evaluated for PPAR, cAMP, IMP3, Ki67, CDK4, POU5F1, Cyclin E and MDM2, p65, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20, CD68, CD163, FOXP3, PD-1 and PD-L1 expression. We calculated a prognostic score (PS) based on the positivity to PD-1, PD-L1 and of cAMP (final score ranging from 0 to 3). DNA of each sample have been used for sequencing by NGS in a sub-cohort of 6 patients with locally advanced (pT3-4) and/or positive lymph nodes BC.

Results
PD-1 + (HR [hazard ratio] 2.59; p = 0.04), PD-L1+ (HR = 6.46; p < 0.01) and cAMP+ (HR 3.04; p = 0.02) were independent predictors of cancer-specific mortality (CSM). Increase of PS (score = 0 as reference) was associated with CSM, 0.81 (p = 0.80), 4.72 (p = 0.01) and 10.51 (p < 0.0) for PS 1, 2 and 3, respectively. ERBB2 was the gene most frequently mutated.

Conclusion
BC exhibited heterogenous protein expression and variable genomic features. Identification of expression of PD-1, PD-L1 and cAMP could help in predicting oncological outcomes.
Robust automated prediction of the revised Vienna Classification in colonoscopy using deep learning: development and initial external validation
Authors: Yamada Masayoshi , Shino Ryosaku , Kondo Hiroko , Yamada Shigemi , Takamaru Hiroyuki , Sakamoto Taku , Bhandari Pradeep , Imaoka Hitoshi , Kuchiba Aya , Shibata Taro , Saito Yutaka , Hamamoto Ryuji 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Improved optical diagnostic technology is needed that can be used by also outside expert centers. Hence, we developed an artificial intelligence (AI) system that automatically and robustly predicts the pathological diagnosis based on the revised Vienna Classification using standard colonoscopy images.

Methods
We prepared deep learning algorithms and colonoscopy images containing pathologically proven lesions (56,872 images, 6775 lesions). Four classifications were adopted: revised Vienna Classification category 1, 3, and 4/5 and normal images. The best algorithm—ResNet152—in the independent internal validation (14,048 images, 1718 lesions) was used for external validation (255 images, 128 lesions) based on neoplastic and non-neoplastic classification. Diagnostic performance of endoscopists was compared using a computer-assisted interpreting test.

Results
In the internal validation, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy for adenoma (category 3) of 84.6% (95% CI 83.5–85.6%), 99.7% (99.5–99.8%), 90.8% (89.9–91.7%), 89.2% (88.5–99.0%), and 89.8% (89.3–90.4%), respectively. In the external validation, ResNet152’s sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy for neoplastic lesions were 88.3% (82.6–94.1%), 90.3% (83.0–97.7%), 94.6% (90.5–98.8%), 80.0% (70.6–89.4%), and 89.0% (84.5–93.6%), respectively. This diagnostic performance was superior to that of expert endoscopists. Area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve was 0.903 (0.860–0.946).

Conclusions
The developed AI system can help non-expert endoscopists make differential diagnoses of colorectal neoplasia on par with expert endoscopists during colonoscopy.
(229/250 words).
Krankenhausalarm- und -einsatzplanung in Baden-Württemberg. Eine länderspezifische Umfrage an 214 Kliniken
Authors: Pfenninger Ernst G. , Villhauer Sabine , Königsdorfer Manuel 
Published: August 2022

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund
Öffentlich geförderte Akutkrankenhäuser wirken in Deutschland aufgrund gesetzlicher Vorgaben im Katastrophenschutz mit. Diese Mitwirkung umfasst insbesondere auch die Notwendigkeit, Alarm- und Einsatzpläne für interne und externe Gefahrenlagen aufzustellen und fortzuschreiben und sich auf Anforderung der Behörden an Übungen zu beteiligen. Literatur, ob und in welchem Umfang die Krankenhäuser diesen Verpflichtungen nachkommen, ist bisher jedoch nur sehr eingeschränkt verfügbar.

Fragestellung
In einem standardisierten Abfrageverfahren sollte der aktuelle Status der Alarm- und Einsatzplanung in baden-württembergischen Krankenhäusern evaluiert werden.

Material und Methoden
An 214 anhand einer Auflistung der Baden-Württembergischen Krankenhausgesellschaft e. V. (BWKG) identifizierten Kliniken in Baden-Württemberg wurde ein einheitlicher Fragebogen versendet, in dem bestimmte Merkmale des Alarm- und Einsatzplans, dessen Verfügbarkeit, die regelmäßige Beteiligung der Klinik an Katastrophenschutzübungen sowie Folgerungen daraus abgefragt wurden.

Ergebnisse
Von den 214 Kliniken in Baden-Württemberg gaben 135 (63 %) Rückmeldung anhand des Fragebogens. Die Alarm- und Einsatzpläne enthalten in 79,3 % sowohl externe (z. B. Massenanfall von Verletzten) als auch interne Gefahrenlagen (z. B. Brände, Ausfall technischer Anlagen). Im weit überwiegenden Anteil der Fälle (94 %) gaben die Kliniken an, den Notfallplan regelmäßig zu aktualisieren, das Zeitintervall der Aktualisierung variiert jedoch stark. Drei Viertel der Krankenhäuser führen regelmäßig Teil- oder Vollübungen durch. Teilweise fanden die aus den Übungen gewonnenen Erkenntnisse Einzug in den Alarm- und Einsatzplan oder führten zur verbesserten Schulung von Mitarbeitenden.

Schlussfolgerung
Die Bereitschaft der Krankenhäuser, eine umfassende Notfallplanung aufzustellen und sich an entsprechenden Übungen zu beteiligen, hat in den vergangenen Jahren merklich zugenommen. Weiterhin besteht jedoch in manchen Kliniken ein Mangel bei der Aktualisierungsfrequenz der Alarm- und Einsatzpläne. Bei kleineren Kliniken bestehen zudem noch Defizite in Bezug auf vorbereitende Maßnahmen gegen interne Gefahrenlagen, die aus dem Ausfall technischer Anlagen resultieren. Vermehrt sollten regelmäßige Übungen durchgeführt werden, um die festgelegten Verfahren auf den Prüfstand zu stellen und die Beschäftigten mit den Abläufen routinemäßig vertraut zu machen.
Mobility of Be, Bi, F, Ga, Ge and W in Surface Water and the Water Quality Impact on Epilithic Diatoms Downstream of the Historical Yxsjöberg Mine Site, Sweden
Authors: Hällström Lina P. B. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThere is a potential risk that the geochemical cycles of several critical metals will be affected when mining of these metals increases to meet the demand of green technology. The geochemistry of Be, Bi, Ga, Ge, and W, herewith called CM5, is lacking, yet is necessary to ensure responsible mine waste and water management. Beryllium, Bi, and W are all considered immobile, but in previous studies of skarn tailings in Yxsjöberg, Sweden, all three elements were mobilized. The tailings are enriched in CM5, together with pyrrhotite, calcite, and fluorite. The mobility and environmental impact of CM5 and F in surface waters downstream of the Yxsjöberg mine site, Sweden, were studied using monthly water samples from seven locations and analysis of diatoms at five of these locations. Bismuth, Ge, and W were present at low concentrations, transported in the particulate phase, and likely settled in the sediments hundreds of meters from the tailings. Beryllium and F were present at high concentrations and dominantly transported in the dissolved phase. At these pH conditions (5.6), Be should form insoluble hydroxides; however, elevated concentrations of dissolved Be were observed more than 5 km from the mine site. Diatoms downstream of the mine site were negatively affected by the mine drainage. The release of low quality neutral mine drainage will continue for hundreds of years if remediation actions are not undertaken since only a small portion of the tailings have weathered during 50–100 years of storage.
Evaluation of the good night out campaign: a sexual violence bystander training programme for nightlife workers in England
Authors: Quigg Zara , Ross-Houle Kim , Bigland Charlotte , Bates Rebecca 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Aim
Sexual violence is global public health, human rights and gender equality issue. Sexual violence bystander programmes for nightlife workers are emerging across a few countries and further examination of such programmes is required. This exploratory study evaluates the potential effectiveness of the Good Night Out Campaign, a sexual violence bystander programme for nightlife workers.

Subject and methods
Two hundred and seven trainees attending the 1.5 hour training programme across two cities in England were recruited opportunistically, immediately prior to training delivery. Sexual violence myth acceptance and readiness and confidence to intervene in sexual violence were measured at baseline and post-intervention. Analyses used paired-sample tests to examine differences in the three measurements pre to post-training and effect sizes were quantified using Cohen’s d.

Results
Compared to pre-training, post-training participants were significantly (p < 0.001) less likely to agree with sexual violence myths, and more likely to be confident and ready to intervene in sexual violence or incidents of vulnerability. Effect sizes were small–medium.

Conclusions
The study adds to emergent evidence suggesting that sexual violence bystander programmes may be promising in decreasing sexual violence myths and barriers to bystander intervention, and increasing willingness to intervene amongst nightlife workers. Findings can support the emergence of sexual violence prevention activities implemented in nightlife spaces. Further programme implementation and evaluation using experimental designs is needed to explore outcomes in greater depth, considering the complexity of the nightlife environment.
CFD Simulation of Particle-Laden Flow in a 3D Differentially Heated Cavity Using Coarse Large Eddy Simulation
Authors: Sayed M. A. , Dehbi A. , Hadžiabić M. , Ničeno B. , Mikityuk K. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractParticulate flow in closed space is involved in many engineering applications. In this paper, the prediction of particle removal is investigated in a thermally driven 3D cavity at turbulent Rayleigh number Ra = 109 using Coarse Large Eddy Simulation (CLES). The depletion dynamics of SiO2 aerosol with aerodynamic diameters between 1.4 and 14 µm is reported in an Euler/Lagrange framework. The main focus of this work is therefore to assess the effect of the subgrid-scale motions on the prediction of the particulate flow in a buoyancy driven 3D cavity flow when the mesh resolution is coarse and below optimal LES standards. The research is motivated by the feasibility of modeling more complex particulate flows with reduced CPU cost.The cubical cavity of 0.7 m side-length is set to have a temperature difference of 39 K between the two facing cold and hot vertical walls. As a first step, the carrier fluid flow was validated by comparing the first and second-moment statistics against both previous well-resolved LES and experimental databases [Kalilainen (J. Aero Sci. 100:73–87, 2016); Dehbi (J. Aero. Sci. 103:67–82, 2017)]. First moment Eulerian statistics show a very good match with the reference data both qualitatively and quantitatively, whereas higher moments show underprediction due to the lesser spatial resolution. In a second step, six particle swarms spanning a wide range of particle Stokes numbers were computed to predict particle depletion. In particular, predictions of 1.4 and 3.5 µm particles were compared to LES and available experimental data. Particles of low inertia i.e. dp < 3.5 µm are more affected by the SGS effects, while bigger ones i.e. dp = 3.5–14 µm exhibit much less grid-dependency. Lagrangian statistics reported in both qualitative and quantitative fashions show globally a very good agreement with reference LES and experimental databases at a fraction of the CPU power needed for optimal LES.
Anonymous Online Survey on Disordered Eating, Drive for Muscularity, Sexual Orientation, and Satisfaction with Life in Young Swedish Males
Authors: Ghaderi Ata , Bulik Cynthia , Myrälf Mattias , Welch Elisabeth 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPsychiatric conditions in general, including eating disorders, are stigmatizing conditions. The stigma of eating disorders is even more pronounced among males. We conducted an anonymous, online survey to explore the feasibility of recruiting participants for collecting sensitive information, and the relation among eating disorders, drive for muscularity, satisfaction with life, and sexual preference in males (N = 824) aged 15–30 years in Sweden. Internet survey method was a feasible way of recruiting males and obtaining sensitive information. Drive for muscularity was positively related to eating psychopathology. Interestingly, only the attitudinal aspect of the drive for muscularity was negatively related to satisfaction with life, whereas the behavioral component of the drive for muscularity was unrelated to quality of life. Drive for muscularity and disordered eating were not significantly different across participants with various sexual orientations. Our findings corroborate and extend previous research by using an anonymous Internet-based survey that may be less contaminated by social desirability or reporting bias due to the sensitivity of some of the questions.
Physiochemical responses of Ailanthus altissima under the challenge of Verticillium dahliae: elucidating the decline of one of the world’s worst invasive alien plant species
Authors: Pisuttu Claudia , Lo Piccolo Ermes , Paoli Luca , Cotrozzi Lorenzo , Nali Cristina , Pellegrini Elisa , Lorenzini Giacomo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNatural infections ofVerticilliumspp. (Fungi, Ascomycota) onAilanthus altissimahave suggested to consider the biological control as a promising strategy to counteract this invasive plant, which is otherwise difficult to control by traditional mechanical and chemical treatments. Verticillium wilt is able to lead plants to death, throughout a pathogenic mechanism including vessel occlusions and production of degrading enzymes and phytotoxins. In this study, a 10 weeks open air pot experiment was set to investigate the ecophysiological and biochemical responses ofAilanthustrees artificially inoculated in the trunk with theV. dahliaestrain VdGL16, previously isolated in Central Italy from the same host. Inoculated plants showed visible injuries starting from 2 weeks post inoculation (wpi), that progressively developed until a final severe defoliation. The fungal infection rapidly compromised the plant water status, and photosynthesis was impaired due to both stomatal and mesophyll limitations from 4 wpi, with subsequent detrimental effects also on PSII activity. Moreover, the disease altered the translocations of nutrients, as confirmed by cation and carbohydrate contents, probably due to a consumption of simple sugars and starch reserves without replacement of new photosynthesized. An accumulation of osmolytes (abscisic acid and proline) and phenylalanine (a precursor of phenylpropanoids) was also reported at 8 wpi, this being a response mechanism that needs to be further elucidated. However, the activation delay of such defence strategy inevitably did not avoid the premature defoliation of plants and the decline of physiochemical parameters, confirming the key role ofVerticilliuminAilanthusdecay.
Towards an Evidence-Based Approach to Pre-trial Detention in Europe
Authors: Martufi Adriano , Peristeridou Christina 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis editorial seeks to introduce the special issue Towards an Evidence-Based Approach to Pre-trial Detention in Europe. It explains the state of the field surrounding the legal practice of pre-trial detention and why an interdisciplinary approach is warranted. Pre-trial detention is an instrument in criminal procedure that has been reportedly overused in several European systems, but the reasons remain partly unexplored. While legal scholarship continues to focus predominantly on the legal framework, more disciplines are involved in the way this applies in practice. This special issue gathers contributions from political scientists, (forensic) psychologists, criminologists and jurists who approach this phenomenon from different angles and therefore provide a deeper and more evidence-based understanding of how its practice operates. The special issue is structured along four themes highlighting the trends in scholarship regarding pre-trial detention, namely decision-making, risk-prediction, legal culture, and harmonisation. The editorial elucidates the narrative of the special issue and briefly presents the key points of each contribution.
Demonstrating LGBTQ+ Affirmative Practice in Groups:: Developing Competence through Simulation-Based Learning
Authors: Craig Shelley L. , Iacono Gio , McInroy Lauren , Kirkland Alexa , Pascoe Rachael , Kourgiantakis Toula 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and other sexual and/or gender minority (LGBTQ+) populations experience significant mental and behavioral health disparities. Social workers are uniquely positioned to address these vulnerabilities. However, clinical graduate education has not effectively promoted or taught competent practice with LGBTQ+ populations. This qualitative study details the foundational competencies required for affirmative practice in group therapy with LGBTQ+ populations and describes a simulation-based learning activity designed to develop these competencies in graduate students. The following themes were identified as critical to affirmative practice, as identified through student reflections on their simulation-based learning experiences: deeply engaging in a strengths-based stance, keeping the group in group therapy, avoiding the expert trap, and managing identity assumptions. Implications for clinical social work education and practice are discussed.
The process of building European university alliances: a rhizomatic analysis of the European Universities Initiative
Authors: Charret Antonin , Chankseliani Maia 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDrawing
upon French philosophy, this study offers a novel empirical and conceptual understanding of the newly launched European Universities Initiative. In 2019, higher education institutions across the European Union created 17 new alliances as part of the first pilot phase of the initiative. This is an experiment in European and global higher education. This paper offers a conceptual contribution to the field of higher education studies, making use of a rhizomatic analysis to explore how university alliances build what the European Commission refers to as the ‘European universities of the future.’ Based on the conceptual reflection and findings from a small-scale empirical study, this paper concludes that the alliances within the European Universities Initiative rely on pre-existing higher education and research partnerships while at the same time experimenting to foster a diversity of institutional forms to achieve the ambitious goal of creating ‘European Universities.’
Distinguishing aspects of sustainability
Authors: Tappel A. P. M. , Poortman C. L. , Schildkamp K. , Visscher A. J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMany innovations that are implemented in schools are initially successful, but fail to become part of the schools’ habits and routines. Relatively little research has followed innovations in schools for a long(er) time. In addition, few reforms last long enough to be studied longitudinally. In this exploratory study, the authors aim to find a way to quantitatively measure the degree of sustainability of a data use intervention three to eight years after its initial implementation. Sustainability in this study was defined as ‘…the process of integrating and scaling the innovation’s core aspects in organizational routines that are adaptive to ongoing work, with continuing improvement of results’. A distinction was made between sustainability of the method and sustainability of the underlying goal of the data use intervention. A cluster analysis showed that schools can be categorized into four degrees of sustainability. A general view of the data indicated that the core components were present to varying degrees. Radar charts have been made and provided more insight. The process from organizational routines, and transfer of the intervention from the individual to the institutional level realizing organizational routines differs from school to school. The answer to the question as to whether an intervention has been sustained is not a simple yes or no. Sustainability is nuanced and can come in different forms. Measuring sustainability in a quantitative way contributes new perspectives and insights. With those insights further research can be done.