bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impacto de la pandemia en el área laboral del Ecuador y su influencia en la prosperidad de algunos emprendimientos.
Authors: Carvajal-Balladares Camila , Quiroz-Gómez Damaris , Prieto-López Yeimer 
Published: January 2022

La presente investigación persigue analizar los principales incidentes de la pandemia en el área laboral del Ecuador y describir alternativas para la reactivación económica de los emprendimientos más afectados. Se emplearon diferentes métodos científicos tales como: histórico-lógico que permitió obtener los principales fundamentos teóricos y metodológicos que sustentan las variables de la investigación, la sistematización teórica, la observación científica, las encuestas; así como el criterio de expertos y especialistas. La investigación estuvo orientada bajo el paradigma cuantitativo, descriptivo, transaccional de campo.
El objetivo de este trabajo es examinar algunos aportes teóricos sobre emprendimiento, para poder profundizar este concepto, rescatar las características que tiene un emprendedor, y examinar la importancia del espíritu emprendedor en el orden social en tiempos de pandemia Covid-2019. Específicamente se analiza si la educación puede favorecer a que los individuos tengan actitudes emprendedoras y el rol que al Estado le compete en este sentido; también si la existencia de emprendimientos disminuye el desempleo; y la relación del concepto de emprendimiento con el de desarrollo local en los tiempos actuales que vivimos. Para cumplir con los objetivos mencionados, se realizó un estudio teórico de estos temas, basado en una revisión teórica de los aportes hasta la actualidad. Se buscó, seleccionó y sistematizó la bibliografía, para analizarla y finalmente presentar las conclusiones.
Se pretende comprender la relación existente entre emprendimiento y otros conceptos como, educación, empleo y desarrollo en el área laboral del Ecuador. Se intenta estudiar si la educación puede propiciar que los individuos adquieran actitudes emprendedoras y el rol que el Estado tiene en este sentido; si la existencia de emprendimientos puede disminuir el desempleo; y si por haber espíritu emprendedor en una comunidad, se generan efectos positivos para el desarrollo de la misma.
Educación-Tecnologías. Alteración de los patrones originarios
Authors: Yema Monica 
Published: January 2022

La realidad escolar se ha modificado en los últimos tiempos y el nuevo milenio nos enfrenta a situaciones desafiantes. Hemos heredado una manera de pensar y hacer escuela de inicios del siglo XIX, que poco tiene que ver con las exigencias de la sociedad de fines del siglo XXI.
Es por ello que la educación debe ser un reto creativo para todos, debe ser la verdadera protagonista del cambio social permitiendo fomentar la capacidad creativa en todos los niveles. La escuela de hoy está interpelada, y necesita de un reposicionamiento sobre el lugar del saber. El punto de partida debe estar dado en la necesidad de redimensionar la enseñanza, para pensarla más allá de lo institucional.
Asi, la Pedagogía en el siglo XXI y la escuela se encuentran en tensión, donde las transformaciones sociales, culturales, políticas y económicas hacen que las realidades educativas se transformen en multifacéticas, dinámicas y complejas. Es allí donde la escuela debe reconceptualizar su función de enseñanza y aprendizaje.
Las TIC (tecnologías de la información y comunicación) deben reconstruir el dogma que permita la formación del pensamiento individual, donde estas tecnologías de información y de conocimiento se orienten a la búsqueda de una integración con los curriculum oficiales, de manera que los procesos educativos impongan la necesidad de profundizar el análisis en un marco ético político en un espacio diverso y cambiante.
El presente escrito pone en discusión la necesidad de una mirada crítica, amplia y dinámica sobre las políticas institucionales para poder reflexionar sobre los cambios institucionales y de los sistemas educativos frente a nuevos escenarios socioculturales.
The English Speaking Competency and Challenges for BIPA Teachers
Authors: Kurniawan Fadjar Indra , Jazadi Iwan 
Published: January 2022

This research aimed to determine: (1) How important English speaking ability is for BIPA teachers; (2) What English speaking macro skills should be prepared to be a BIPA teacher; (3) What obstacles BIPA teachers find in the teaching process and how they solve them. This research used the qualitative method. The participants of this research were two BIPA teachers from different offices, from West Nusa Tenggara Province Language Office and Mataram Lingua Franca Institute. This research mostly used interviews to support the data of this research, while observation and documentation were used as supporting sources. The results of this research indicate that: (1) English speaking ability on A1 grade or the first grade is important because English is a bridge to connect the students to Indonesian; (2) There are five macro skills of English speaking ability that should be mastered by BIPA teachers; (3) The obstacles that mostly appear on the teaching process are based on the purpose of the learners to study Indonesian and the characteristics of each student from different countries.
Reciprocal Questioning Procedures in Reading Comprehension: Does It Increase Students’ Motivation?
Authors: Nafisah Bq Zuhrotun , Sumarsono Dedi 
Published: January 2022

Reading is essential and serves as a basic building block in English language learning process. As a result, a teacher must have an effective teaching technique in teaching reading comprehension. This study aims to find out the influence of reciprocal questioning towards students’ motivation in reading comprehension of the third-grade students at SMP Negeri 3 Praya. The research was conducted through experimental research, the pre-test and post-test were used as the design. The instrument was used a set of questionnaires (Likert scale) for motivation test. The data analysis that used was descriptive analysis and inferential analysis for measuring the motivation test in form of questionnaires. Then, according to the result of the test, it showed that t-test 4.865 was higher than the t-table 2.423 at the level of significance 0.50. It means that, there was a positive effect of Reciprocal Questioning procedure towards students’ motivation in reading comprehension.
Entre la validez y la eficacia. Notas sobre la reciente disolución (y mociones de censura) de la Asamblea de Madrid
Authors: Delgado Ramos David 
Published: January 2022

El 10 de marzo de 2021, la presidenta de la Comunidad de Madrid, Isabel Díaz Ayuso, decidió disolver anticipadamente la Asamblea regional, ante la sospecha de que su entonces socio de la coalición de gobierno quería plantear una moción de censura con el principal partido de la oposición regional.
La disolución, que aún no había sido publicada en el Boletín Oficial de la Comunidad de Madrid, fue seguida de la presentación de dos mociones de censura al objeto de paralizar la disolución, puesto que esta no había cobrado eficacia al no estar publicada.
Surgió así un conflicto jurídico-constitucional que, resuelto en el Tribunal Superior de Justicia de la Comunidad, determinó la prevalencia de la disolución frente a las mociones de censura.
El ejercicio de cargo público representativo: iniciativa legislativa parlamentaria vs. veto presupuestario gubernamental
Authors: Abellán Matesanz Isabel María 
Published: January 2022

El Tribunal Constitucional, por la vía del amparo, estimando la pretensión del recurrente, mediante su Sentencia 53/2021, de 15 de marzo, anula un acuerdo de la Mesa de la Asamblea Regional de la Región de Murcia —y el subsiguiente dictado en la solicitud de reconsideración— que inadmitía a trámite una proposición de ley, por entender que dichos acuerdos parlamentarios vulneraron el derecho del recurrente al ejercicio del cargo público parlamentario con los requisitos que señalan las leyes (art. 23.2 CE), en conexión con el derecho de los ciudadanos a participar en los asuntos públicos a través de sus representantes (art. 23.1 CE), en la medida en que carecían de una motivación formal y material, más allá de expresar la conformidad con el veto presupuestario formulado por el Consejo de Gobierno de la Región de Murcia.
El recurso de amparo le sirve al Alto Tribunal para exponer, una vez más —y ya son varias en los últimos tiempos—, su doctrina acerca del ius in officium parlamentario, así como para recordar la no tan frecuente de las facultades de la Mesa, como órgano de gobierno parlamentario, en relación con el veto presupuestario gubernamental.
La vulneración del derecho al ejercicio de cargo público representativo por decisiones de acción y omisión por parte de la Presidencia del Parlamento
Authors: De Alba Bastarrechea Esther 
Published: January 2022

La sentencia abunda en el perfilamiento del contenido del derecho al ejercicio de cargo público regulado en el artículo 23.2 de la Constitución al considerar que los órganos de gobierno de las Cámaras no están vinculados a una sola interpretación jurídica de las varias que puedan existir y, por ello mismo, una interpretación distinta de la de los recurrentes no vulnera per se el núcleo de sus derechos como parlamentarios.
En este sentido, el Tribunal Constitucional subraya que no es posible que, mediante la invocación del derecho del artículo 23.2 de la Constitución, el Alto Tribunal pueda imponer su propio criterio sobre el de los órganos competentes de las Cámaras adoptados en el ejercicio de las facultades constitucional y reglamentariamente encomendadas, lo que es una expresión de respeto a la autonomía parlamentaria.
Por último, el Tribunal Constitucional reitera su doctrina acerca de la insuficiencia de una alegación inconcreta y genérica sobre una hipotética vulneración del ius in officium sin explicitar en la demanda los términos precisos en los que el contenido esencial de su derecho al ejercicio de cargo público se ha visto afectado.
Fatores relacionados à adesão vacinal em adultos: revisão integrativa
Authors: Silva Natalia Gomes da , Santana Lucas Carvalho , Ferreira Lúcia Aparecida , Rezende Marina Pereira , Lemos Rejane Cussi Assunção 
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Verificar os principais fatores relacionados à adesão e à hesitação vacinal em adultos da população geral. Métodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura realizada no mês de outubro de 2021 nas bases de dados Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online (MEDLINE) via National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health (PubMed), Scopus, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Web of Science. A questão norteadora da pesquisa constituiu-se em: “Quais os fatores relacionados à adesão e à hesitação vacinal em adultos da população geral?”. Resultados: Foram elegíveis 30 artigos científicos para a revisão, e foram agrupados em três subgrupos conforme os fatores relacionados à adesão e hesitação abordados no artigo: Confiança/ conhecimento em relação a vacinas e/ou sistema de saúde (14 artigos, 45,2%); Fatores socioeconômicos (10 artigos, 32,2%); e Outros fatores (07 artigos, 22,6%). Conclusão: Os dados obtidos podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento de estratégias de educação em saúde pública, a fim aumentar a adesão à imunização individual, favorecendo a proteção coletiva.
Proses Perubahan Diri Seorang Teroris menjadi Aktivis Perdamaian
Authors: Syafiq Muhammad 
Published: January 2022

This qualitative study was aimed at exploring the experience of a former member of a terrorist organization in Indonesia who have left his terrorist group and abandoned the extremist ideology. A life history method which focuses on the process of self-change and life transition of the former member of the terrorist group was employed A participant whose age is 40 years old and was a former active member of Jamaah Islamiyah (JI), a terrorist group, was recruited. He was captured in 2014 and served a sentence in prison for almost 4 years. He has been involved in counter-terrorism campaign organized by a non-government organization (NGO) since his release from prison until recently. Interviews were conducted to collect data which were then analyzed using a narrative analysis. Some written documents in the forms of articles and a published book produced by the participant as well as online news covering the participant’ stories were also examined. The findings inform how he became involved in the terrorist networks. The need for self-significance and adventurous experience seems to be the main drivers. After his capture, and during his imprisonment, he contemplated his participation in the terrorist networks. His meetings with religious experts and academicians facilitated by prison officers, and his awareness of burden he had inflicted on his family because of his terrorism case had opened his mind. He experienced a turning life moment which made him keeping distance from other terrorist inmates with the risk of receiving negative view from them. After his release, he found passion in writing and eventually reached a NGO and joined it as a credible voice in the campaigns of counter violent extremism through writing and public speaking.
TINGKAT BEBAN KERJA MENTAL KARYAWAN PADA LAYANAN BUSINESS, GOVERNMENT, ENTERPRISE (BGES) BOGOR PT. TELKOM INDONESIA BERDASARKAN METODE NASA-TLX
Authors: Zuraida Rida , Aprillia Monika Nadya 
Published: January 2022

PT. Telkom Indonesia merupakan salah satu penyelenggara layanan telepon dan internet di Indonesia. Masih terdapat banyak sekolah yang belum memiliki fasilitas internet, sehingga PT. Telkom melakukan edukasi dan penawaran fasillitas ini. PT. Telkom di Bogor yaitu divisi BGES (Business, Government, Enterprise) merupakan divisi yang menawarkan layanan ini. Banyaknya jumlah sekolah yang belum memiliki fasilitas internet di Bogor serta luasnya area layanan, mendorong penelitian mengenai beban kerja mental karyawan di divisi ini. Penilaian beban kerja dilakukan pada 12 karyawan di bagian Account Manager (AM) Government, AM Pro, dan AM organik menggunakan metoda NASA-TLX. Hasilnya adalah beban kerja pada ketiga bagian AM tersebut dikategorikan tinggi. Dari lima dimensi beban kerja mental, hanya Physical Demand (PD) yang dikategorikan sedang, sisanya yaitu Mental Demand (MD), Temporal Demand (TD), Performance (P), Frustration level (FR) dikategorikan tinggi. Penambahan karyawan, pengaturan jadwal visit ke konsumen, dan keluar kota dapat dilakukan untuk menyeimbangkan beban kerja yang dirasakan karyawan saat ini.
INOVASI PELAYANAN PAJAK KENDARAAN BERMOTOR DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN PUBLIK PADA KANTOR SAMSAT DI KABUPATEN PANDEGLANG
Authors: Defrian Diki , Sururi Ahmad , Hasanah Budi 
Published: January 2022

Kompleksitas permasalahan seperti antrian yang menumpuk, pungutan liar, praktek calo dan masih kurangnya kemauan serta kesadaraan masyarakat dalam membayar pajak kendaraan bermotor merupakan beberapa permasalahan yang harus dihadapi oleh UPT Samsat Kabupaten Pandeglang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendiskusikan inovasi pelayanan pajak kendaraan bermotor dalam meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan publik di Samsat Kabupaten Pandeglang. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan jenis deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Adapun teknik pengumpulan datanya berupa observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi serta teknik analisis data meliputi reduksi, verifikasi dan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa inovasi pelayanan pajak kendaraan bermotor di Samsat Kabupaten Pandeglang dalam pelaksanaannya sudah berjalan dengan baik, meskipun masih perlu untuk terus mendorong inovasi pelayanan yang lebih intensif pada indikator kesesuaian dan kerumitan.
Kata kunci : Inovasi, Pelayanan Publik, Pajak Kendaraan, Pandeglang.
Therapeutic Validation of Venous Pulsatile Tinnitus and Biomaterial Applications for Temporal Bone Reconstruction Surgery Using Multi-sensing Platforms and Coupled Computational Techniques
Authors: Hsieh Yue-Lin , Gao Xiuli , Wang Xing , Hsiang Fu-Chou , Sun Xinbo , Wang Wuqing 
Published: January 2022

The application of grafts and biomaterials is a cardinal therapeutic procedure to resolve venous pulsatile tinnitus (PT) caused by temporal bone dehiscence during transtemporal reconstructive surgery. However, the transmission mechanism of venous PT remains unclear, and the sound absorption and insulation properties of different repair materials have not been specified. This study quantifies the vibroacoustic characteristics of PT, sources the major transmission pathway of PT, and verifies the therapeutic effect of different material applications using joint multi-sensing platforms and coupled computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques. The in vivo intraoperative acoustic and vibroacoustic characteristics of intrasinus blood flow motion and dehiscent sigmoid plate of a typical venous PT patient were investigated using acoustic and displacement sensors. The acoustical, morphological, and mechanical properties of the dehiscent sigmoid plate, grafts harvested from a cadaveric head, and other biomaterials were acquired using acoustical impedance tubes, micro-CT, scanning electron microscopy, and mercury porosimetry, as appropriate. To analyze the therapeutic effect of our previous reconstructive techniques, coupled CFD simulations were performed using the acquired mechanical properties of biomaterials and patient-specific radiologic data. The peak in vivo intraoperatively gauged, peak simulated vibroacoustic and peak simulated hydroacoustic amplitude of PT prior to sigmoid plate reconstruction were 64.0, 70.4, and 72.8 dB, respectively. After the solidified gelatin sponge–bone wax repair technique, the intraoperative gauged peak amplitude of PT was reduced from 64.0 to 47.3 dB. Among three different reconstructive techniques based on CFD results, the vibroacoustic and hydroacoustic sounds were reduced to 65.9 and 68.6 dB (temporalis–cartilage technique), 63.5 and 63.1 dB (solidified gelatin sponge technique), and 42.4 and 39.2 dB (solidified gelatin sponge–bone wax technique). In conclusion, the current novel biosensing applications and coupled CFD techniques indicate that the sensation of PT correlates with the motion and impact from venous flow, causing vibroacoustic and hydroacoustic sources that transmit via the air-conduction transmission pathway. The transtemporal reconstructive surgical efficacy depends on the established areal density of applied grafts and/or biomaterials, in which the total transmission loss of PT should surpass the amplitude of the measured loudness of PT.
Engineering of CYP153A33 With Enhanced Ratio of Hydroxylation to Overoxidation Activity in Whole-Cell Biotransformation of Medium-Chain 1-Alkanols
Authors: Park Hyuna , Bak Doyeong , Jeon Wooyoung , Jang Minjung , Ahn Jung-Oh , Choi Kwon-Young 
Published: January 2022

α,ω-Dodecanediol is a versatile material that has been widely used not only as an adhesive and crosslinking reagent, but also as a building block in the pharmaceutical and polymer industries. The biosynthesis of α,ω-dodecanediol from fatty derivatives, such as dodecane and dodecanol, requires an ω-specific hydroxylation step using monooxygenase enzymes. An issue with the whole-cell biotransformation of 1-dodecanol using cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (CYP) with ω-specific hydroxylation activity was the low conversion and production of the over-oxidized product of dodecanoic acid. In this study, CYP153A33 from Marinobacter aquaeolei was engineered to obtain higher ω-specific hydroxylation activity through site-directed mutagenesis. The target residue was mutated to increase flux toward α,ω-dodecanediol synthesis, while reducing the generation of the overoxidation product of dodecanoic acid and α,ω-dodecanedioic acid. Among the evaluated variants, CYP153A33 P136A showed a significant increase in 1-dodecanol conversion, i.e., 71.2% (7.12 mM from 10 mM 1-dodecanol), with an increased hydroxylation to over-oxidation activity ratio, i.e., 32.4. Finally, the applicability of this engineered enzyme for ω-specific hydroxylation against several 1-alkanols, i.e., from C6 to C16, was investigated and discussed based on the structure-activity relationship.
Identification of Breast Cancer Immune Subtypes by Analyzing Bulk Tumor and Single Cell Transcriptomes
Authors: Yao Jia , Li Shengwei , Wang Xiaosheng 
Published: January 2022

Background: The histological and molecular classification of breast cancer (BC) is being used in the clinical management of this disease. However, subtyping of BC based on the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) remains insufficiently explored, although such investigation may provide new insights into intratumor heterogeneity in BC and potential clinical implications for BC immunotherapy.Methods: Based on the enrichment scores of 28 immune cell types, we performed clustering analysis of transcriptomic data to identify immune-specific subtypes of BC using six different datasets, including five bulk tumor datasets and one single-cell dataset. We further analyzed the molecular and clinical features of these subtypes.Results: Consistently in the six datasets, we identified three BC subtypes: BC-ImH, BC-ImM, and BC-ImL, which had high, medium, and low immune signature scores, respectively. BC-ImH displayed a significantly better survival prognosis than BC-ImL. Triple-negative BC (TNBC) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-positive (HER2+) BC were likely to have the highest proportion in BC-ImH and the lowest proportion in BC-ImL. In contrast, hormone receptor-positive (HR+) BC had the highest proportion in BC-ImL and the lowest proportion in BC-ImH. Furthermore, BC-ImH had the highest tumor mutation burden (TMB) and predicted neoantigens, while BC-ImL had the highest somatic copy number alteration (SCNA) scores. It is consistent with that TMB and SCNA correlate positively and negatively with anti-tumor immune response, respectively. TP53 had the highest mutation rate in BC-ImH and the lowest mutation rate in BC-ImL, supporting that TP53 mutations promote anti-tumor immune response in BC. In contrast, PIK3CA displayed the highest mutation rate in BC-ImM, while GATA3 had the highest mutation rate in BC-ImL. Besides immune pathways, many oncogenic pathways were upregulated in BC-ImH, including ErbB, MAPK, VEGF, and Wnt signaling pathways; the activities of these pathways correlated positively with immune signature scores in BC.Conclusions: The tumors with the strong immune response (“hot” tumors) have better clinical outcomes than the tumors with the weak immune response (“cold” tumors) in BC. TNBC and HER2+ BC are more immunogenic, while HR + BC is less immunogenic. Certain HER2+ or HR + BC patients could be propitious to immunotherapy in addition to TNBC.