bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of training on communication quality during interpreter‐mediated cognitive assessments: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Brijnath Bianca , Gonzalez Erika , Hlavac Jim , Enticott Joanne , Woodward‐Kron Robyn , LoGiudice Dina , Low Lee‐Fay , Antoniades Josefine , White Jenni , Hwang Kerry , Lin Xiaoping , Gilbert Andrew Simon 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe number of Australian residents with dementia is projected to double by 2058, with 28% currently being migrants from non‐Anglophone countries. There will be growing demand for professional interpreters for cognitive assessments and dementia‐related health consultations in the future. Interpreting cognitive assessments can be challenging for interpreters; inaccurate interpreting can influence assessment outcomes. The Improving Interpreting for Dementia Assessments (MINDSET) project will upskill interpreters through an online training course in dementia and cognitive assessments. The training has been co‐designed with key stakeholders from the interpreting sector, dementia‐related services, and family caregivers, and has been user‐tested with 12 interpreters. The training aims to improve the quality of interpreter‐mediated communication during cognitive assessments, and thereby improve the accuracy and acceptability of cognitive assessments with older people who have limited English proficiency.MethodsWe are conducting a single‐blinded randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of the training. We aim to enroll 150 interpreters, and allocate them to equal parallel groups. The intervention group will receive access to the MINDSET training, which comprises 4 hours of resources covering five domains: dementia knowledge, cross‐cultural communication, briefings and debriefings, interpreting skills, and interpreting ethics. The control group will be assigned to a wait list, and will receive access to the training after the trial. Participants will be assessed according to the five domains, via the Dementia Knowledge and Assessment Scale, multiple‐choice questions, video‐simulated assessments, and ethical scenarios. Assessments will occur at baseline (prior to the intervention group completing the training), 3 months after enrollment, and 6 months after enrollment.ResultsThe trial is ongoing. Recruitment began in June 2022.DiscussionThis is the first time a training resource for interpreters in dementia has been trialed. If successful it may represent a technologically innovative way to offer training to both trainee and practicing interpreters.Highlights
Interpreters are crucial in facilitating cognitive assessments for allophone speakers.
Interpreters would benefit from training to improve assessment accuracy.
Our study has co‐designed specialized dementia training for interpreters.
This is a protocol to evaluate the training's efficacy in a randomized controlled trial.
Clear cell variant mucoepidermoid carcinoma of salivary gland in a grey wolf (Canis lupus)
Authors: Yang Myeon‐Sik , Yun Hyejin , Lee Ki Chang , Lim Chae Woong , Kim Bumseok 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA 14‐year‐old male grey wolf (Canis lupus) with a history of severe facial swelling was submitted for necropsy. Clinical and radiological examination demonstrated an expansile neoplastic mass in the nasal and frontal sinuses. On necropsy, an amorphous neoplastic mass and extensive necrosis were observed in the nasal turbinate. Microscopic examination revealed a tumour principally composed of obvious clear tumour cells characterised by small hyperchromatic nuclei and abundant clear cytoplasm. These clear cells were positive for mucin with PAS, PAS‐D reaction, and alcian blue (pH 2.5) staining, but negative for PTAH staining. Immunohistochemically, some of tumour cells were strongly positive for mesenchymal cells (vimentin), whereas they were negative for myoepithelial antigen (alpha‐SMA) and cytokeratin. Based on the histopathological and immunohistochemical features, the present case was diagnosed as high‐grade clear cell variant mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC). This is the first description of clear cell variant MEC in a wolf.
Soil water isotherm model for particle surface sorption and interlamellar sorption
Authors: Wang Yijie , Hu Liming , Luo Shengmin , Lu Ning 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSoil–water retention curve (SWRC) describes the relationship between soil matric potential and soil water content, which is recognized as the most important constitutive function for unsaturated soil that governs many hydrological and mechanical properties, such as fluid flow, hydraulic conductivity, chemical transport, and soil freezing and thawing, etc. Soil–water isotherm (SWI) measured from vapor adsorption technique captures the SWRC at medium to high matric potential range, where three physical mechanisms of soil–water retention (SWR) with distinct free energy levels are involved: adsorption on external particle surface, adsorption in interlamellar space, and capillarity. So far, there is not a single SWI model that can take all three mechanisms into full consideration in full matric potential range. Here a closed‐form SWI model is formulated as the mathematical sum of three independent SWIs, which are external sorptive SWI, internal sorptive SWI, and capillary SWI; each corresponds to one of the aforementioned SWR processes. The generality and effectiveness of the proposed model are experimentally validated through a suite of 21 soils, covering all common soil types with plasticity index (PI) of 4–132. The proposed SWI model shows excellent performance as it nearly perfectly (R2 > 0.99) fits both the adsorption isotherm and the desorption isotherm for each soil, validating the generality of the model. The external specific surface area (SSA) obtained from the external sorptive SWI correlates well with that determined from the classic Brunauer–Emmett–Teller equation, while the internal SSA obtained from the internal sorptive SWI also coincides with that measured independently; both further confirm the capability of the proposed SWI model to distinguish between external surface adsorption and interlamellar adsorption.
INCREASED SUPEROXIDE RADICALS GENERATION FROM ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES IN IMMATURE GUINEA‐PIGS
Authors: Kato Masahiko , Tokuyama Kenichi , Minakami Hisanori , Nagai Akira , Kozawa Kunihisa , Goto Hideo , Morikawa Akihiro , Kimura Hirokazu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTo study the effect of maturation on abilities of superoxide radicals (O−2) generation in the airways, we compared stimuli‐induced O−2 generation by alveolar macrophages in immature (aged 10±2 days) and adult (aged 90±2 days) guinea‐pigs. The production of O−2 was assayed by chemiluminescence method, using aCypridina luciferin analog as a highly sensitive and specific probe for O−2. Whereas no significant difference in cell components of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was observed between immature and adult animals, O−2 generation induced by stimulation of alveolar macrophages was greater in immature than in adult animals, with significant differences observed after platelet‐activating factor (100nM) or phorbol myristate acetate (0.5μg/ml). The results suggest that alveolar macrophages from immature animals are far more potent O−2 generators than the same cells of adult animals.
ENDOCYTOSIS OF apoE‐EGFP BY PRIMARY HUMAN BRAIN CULTURES
Authors: Dekroon Robert M. , Armati Patricia J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractApolipoprotein E (apoE), a well characterized protein, forms lipoprotein complexes with cholesterol. Such complexes formed are endocytosed via the LDL receptor family by many cell types in particular within the human central nervous system (CNS). The apoE‐endocytic pathway leads to apoE degradation. However, it has recently been indirectly shown that apoE can be retained intracellularly and then re‐secreted. To investigate the fate of endocytosed apoE isoforms E2 and E3 within human CNS cells in real‐time, we added the CNS form of these apoE isoforms, linked to a green fluorescent protein (EGFP), to cultured human foetal brain tissue. There was bi‐directional trafficking of apoE‐EGFP in neuron and astrocyte processes and ‘stationary’ perinuclear vesicles in type‐I astrocytes. Thus, active apoE recycling in cells with defined processes suggests a role for apoE in mediating signalling through receptor‐mediated endocytosis.
CENTROSOME‐DEPENDENT ANISOTROPIC RANDOM WALK OF CYTOPLASMIC VESICLES
Authors: Maly Ivan V. , Vorobjev Ivan A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe approach the problem of an apparently random movement of small cytoplasmic vesicles and its relationship to centrosome functioning. Motion of small vesicles in the cytoplasm of BSC‐1 cells was quantified using computer‐assisted microscopy. The vesicles move across the cytoplasm frequently changing their directions with negligible net displacement. The autocorrelation function for consecutive velocities of individual vesicles becomes indistinguishable from zero in 10s. Variance in the displacement is proportional to time. The motion of vesicles is anisotropic: It has diffusivity along the radii drawn from the centrosome several times higher than the tangential diffusivity. This anisotropy is abolished by ultraviolet microbeam irradiation of the centrosome when the microtubule array loses radial structure. We conclude that the motion of the vesicles in the cytoplasm can be described as diffusion‐like random walk with centrosome‐dependent anisotropy. The present analysis quantitatively corroborates the ‘trial and error’ model of vesicular transport.
Introduction
Authors: Garrido-Cumbrera Marco , Navarro-Compán Victoria , Bundy Christine , Mahapatra Raj , Makri Souzi ,   Universidad de Sevilla, Plazuelo-Ramos Pedro , Poddubnyy Denis 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAxial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), a chronic inflammatory condition that encompasses radiographic (also known as ankylosing spondylitis [AS]) and non-radiographic (nr-axSpA) forms of the disease (Rudwaleit et al. Ann Rheum Dis 68:777–783, 2009), can lead to chronic pain, structural damage, and disability. While understanding of the pathophysiology of axSpA and its management (classification, diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment) has increased over recent years (Sieper and Poddubnyy Lancet (london, England). 390:73–84, 2017), still relatively little is known about the disease from the perspective of the patient.
Physical Health
Authors: Garrido-Cumbrera Marco , Navarro-Compán Victoria , Bundy Christine , Mahapatra Raj , Makri Souzi ,   Universidad de Sevilla, Plazuelo-Ramos Pedro , Poddubnyy Denis 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this chapter, the physical health of European IMAS participants is examined, including disease activity, spinal stiffness, inflammation, and comorbidities.
Social Support
Authors: Garrido-Cumbrera Marco , Navarro-Compán Victoria , Bundy Christine , Mahapatra Raj , Makri Souzi ,   Universidad de Sevilla, Plazuelo-Ramos Pedro , Poddubnyy Denis 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe key symptoms of axSpA such as pain, fatigue, and stiffness can combine to have a profound impact on a patient’s ability to maintain a healthy social life.
Healthcare
Authors: Garrido-Cumbrera Marco , Navarro-Compán Victoria , Bundy Christine , Mahapatra Raj , Makri Souzi ,   Universidad de Sevilla, Plazuelo-Ramos Pedro , Poddubnyy Denis 
Published: August 2022

AbstractaxSpA has a considerable impact on healthcare systems, both in terms of absolute monetary costs and healthcare resource utilization (Heijde et al. Ann Rheum Dis 76:978–991, 2017; Harvard S, Guh D, Bansback N, et al. Costs of early spondyloarthritis: estimates from the first 3 years of the DESIR cohort. RMD Open. 2016;2:e000230.).
Four Phases of South China Sea Disputes 1990–2020
Authors: Koga Kei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis chapter chronologically explores the strategic trend of the SCS situation from 1990 to 2020 over four phases: 1990–2002, 2003–2012, 2013–2016, and 2017–2020. The main purpose of this chapter is to understand the timing of changes in the subregional power configuration in the South China Sea in a more nuanced way. Of course, environmental changes are not the sole determinant of institutional strategy shifts among regional security institutions. However, without understanding the subregional trends in the context of China’s increasing military and economic capabilities, it becomes difficult to clarify the responses or non-responses of ASEAN and ASEAN-led institutions to the changing environment.
Glyceride composition of fats and oils determined by oxidation and crystallization methods
Authors: Luddy Francis E. , Fertsch George R. , Riemenschneider Roy W. 
Published: August 2022

SummaryThe glyceride composition of four dissimilar fats and oils was determined by two independent methods a) systematic fractional crystallization from acetone, and b) Kartha’s modification of Hilditch’s acetone permanganate oxidation method. Results by the two methods were in fair agreement for lard, chicken fat, and cottonseed oil but not for palm oil.Calculations were also made of glyceride distribution according to the patterns of random and restricted (Kartha’s hypothesis) distribution. The values calculated for either pattern however did not agree well with those obtained experimentally by either method, except for one of the four fats, chicken fat.
Phase relations pertaining to the solvent winterization of crude peanut oil in 85–15 Acetone‐hexane mixture
Authors: Boucher Richard E. , Skau Evald L. 
Published: August 2022

SummaryFundamental phase relation data have been obtained on a laboratory scale which show that solvent winterization of crude peanut oil is feasible in a solvent consisting of 85 parts by weight of acetone and 15 parts of commercial hexane. The results show the effect of oil‐solvent ratio, chilling temperature, and holding‐time upon the percentage of solid removed. The behavior of crude peanut oil is very similar to that of the refined oil in the same solvent except that a slightly lower chilling temperature is required and that the crystals tend to form a little more slowly and do not settle out as readily. The advantage of winterizing hexane‐extracted peanut oils before refining is discussed.
High prevalence of meniscal ramp lesions in anterior cruciate ligament injuries
Authors: Cristiani Riccardo , van de Bunt Fabian , Kvist Joanna , Stålman Anders 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the prevalence of and factors associated with meniscal ramp lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries.

Methods
Data from the Natural Corollaries and Recovery after ACL injury multicentre longitudinal cohort study (NACOX) were analysed. Only patients who underwent MRI were included in this study. All MRI scans were reviewed by an orthopaedic knee surgeon and a musculoskeletal radiologist. The patients were divided into two groups, those with and without ramp lesions according to MRI findings. Univariable and stepwise forward multiple logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate patient characteristics (age, gender, body mass index, pre-injury Tegner activity level, activity at injury) and concomitant injuries on MRI (lateral meniscus, medial collateral ligament [MCL], isolated deep MCL, lateral collateral ligament, pivot-shift-type bone bruising, posteromedial tibial [PMT] bone bruising, medial femoral condyle bone bruising, lateral femoral condyle [LFC] impaction and a Segond fracture) associated with the presence of meniscal ramp lesions.

Results
A total of 253 patients (52.2% males) with a mean age of 25.4 ± 7.1 years were included. The overall prevalence of meniscal ramp lesions was 39.5% (100/253). Univariate analyses showed that contact sports at ACL injury, pivot-shift-type bone bruising, PMT bone bruising, LFC impaction and the presence of a Segond fracture increased the odds of having a meniscal ramp lesion. Stepwise forward multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the presence of a meniscal ramp lesion was associated with contact sports at ACL injury [odds ratio (OR) 2.50; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.32–4.72; P = 0.005], pivot-shift-type bone bruising (OR 1.29; 95% CI 1.01–1.67; P = 0.04), PMT bone bruising (OR 4.62; 95% CI 2.61–8.19; P < 0.001) and the presence of a Segond fracture (OR 4.38; 95% CI 1.40–13.68; P = 0.001).

Conclusion
The overall prevalence of meniscal ramp lesions in patients with ACL injuries was high (39.5%). Contact sports at ACL injury, pivot-shift-type bone bruising, PMT bone bruising and the presence of a Segond fracture on MRI were associated with meniscal ramp lesions. Given their high prevalence, meniscal ramp lesions should be systematically searched for on MRI in patients with ACL injuries. Knowledge of the factors associated with meniscal ramp lesions may facilitate their diagnosis, raising surgeons’ and radiologists’ suspicion of these tears.

Level of evidence
III.
Ultrasound-Assisted Liposuction (UAL) Arm Contouring in Non-Post-Bariatric Patients: No Rush for Brachioplasty
Authors: El-Fahar Mohammed Hassan , El-Gharbawi Ahmed Hassan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
A witnessed rise in patients’ requests for arm contouring reflects the parallel public’s pursuit of slimmed bodies and rapid advancement in weight reduction methods. Brachioplasty with its known complications is still the traditional method of management, but nearly all patients feel worried about the length and appearance of the scar and seek other non-excisional alternatives. The authors wanted to share their experience in arm contouring in non-post-bariatric patients using ultrasound-assisted liposuction (UAL).

Patients and Methods
Over 16 month period, 28 female patients complaining of arm lipodystrophy (classes IIA, IIB, III) underwent UAL contouring under general anesthesia. Preoperative and postoperative mid-arm circumferences were measured and recorded. Outcome evaluation was done by the complication incidence, patient satisfaction survey, and independent surgeon evaluation of patients' photographs.

Results
There were no complications in the study group. The outcome evaluation survey has shown high patient satisfaction. The outcome survey demonstrated that 85.71% of the patients were very satisfied, while 14.29 % were satisfied with the procedure and all of them recommend the procedure to others. On the other hand, the independent surgeon evaluation showed that 92.86% of the results were excellent and 7.14 % were very good.

Conclusion
Our work has shown how versatile is the UAL in contouring a wide spectrum of arm lipodystrophy stages in non-post-bariatric patients and presents a non-excisional alternative for arm aesthetic refinements without a rush for brachioplasty with its unpleasant complications.

Level of Evidence IV
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Exploring the impact of urogenital organ displacement after abdominoperineal resection on urinary and sexual function
Authors: Sharabiany Sarah , Kreisel Saskia I. , Strijk Gaby J. , Blok Robin D. , Bosschieter Judith , Laan Ellen T. M. , Cunningham Christopher , Hompes Roel , Musters Gijsbert D. , Tanis Pieter J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to establish the functional impact of displacement of urogenital organs after abdominoperineal resection (APR) using validated questionnaires.

Methods
Patients who underwent APR for primary or recurrent rectal cancer (2001–2018) with evaluable pre- and postoperative radiological imaging and completed urinary (UDI-6, IIQ-7) and sexual questionnaires (male, IIEF; female, FSFI, FSDS-R) were included from 16 centers. Absolute displacement of the internal urethral orifice, posterior bladder wall, distal end of the prostatic urethra, and cervix were correlated to urogenital function by calculating Spearman’s Rho (ρ). Median function scores were compared between minimal or substantial displacement using median split.

Results
There were 89 male and 36 female patients included, of whom 45 and 19 were sexually active after surgery. Absolute displacement of the internal urethral orifice and posterior bladder wall was not correlated with UDI-6 in men (ρ = 0.119 and ρ = 0.022) nor in women (ρ =  − 0.098 and ρ =  − 0.154). In men with minimal and substantial displacement of the internal urethral orifice, median UDI-6 scores were 10 (IQR 0–22) and 17 (IQR 5–21), respectively, with corresponding scores of 25 (IQR 10–46) and 21 (IQR 16–36) in women. Displacement of the cervix and FSDS-R were correlated (ρ = 0.433) in sexually active patients.

Conclusion
This first analysis on functional impact of urogenital organ displacement after APR suggests that more displacement of the cervix might be associated with worse sexual function, while the data does not indicate any potential functional impact of bladder displacement. Studies are needed to further explore this underexposed topic.
Historic Spatial Patterns of Storm-Driven Compound Events in UK Estuaries
Authors: Lyddon C. , Robins P. , Lewis M. , Barkwith A. , Vasilopoulos G. , Haigh I. , Coulthard T. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCompound estuarine flooding is driven by extreme sea-levels and river discharge occurring concurrently, or in close succession, and threatens low-lying coastal regions worldwide. We hypothesise that these drivers of flooding rarely occur independently and co-operate at sub-daily timescales. This research aimed to identify regions and individual estuaries within Britain susceptible to storm-driven compound events, using 27 tide gauges linked to 126 river gauges covering a 30-year record. Five methods were evaluated, based on daily mean, daily maximum, and instantaneous 15-min discharge data to identify extremes in the river records, with corresponding skew surges identified within a ‘storm window’ based on average hydrograph duration. The durations, relative timings, and overlap of these extreme events were also calculated. Dependence between extreme skew surge and river discharge in Britain displayed a clear east–west split, with gauges on the west coast showing stronger correlations up to 0.33. Interpreting dependence based on correlation alone can be misleading and should be considered alongside number of historic extreme events. The analyses identified 46 gauges, notably the Rivers Lune and Orchy, where there has been the greatest chance and most occurrences of river-sea extremes coinciding, and where these events readily overlapped one another. Our results were sensitive to the analysis method used. Most notably, daily mean discharge underestimated peaks in the record and did not accurately capture likelihood of compound events in 68% of estuaries. This has implications for future flood risk in Britain, whereby studies should capture sub-daily timescale and concurrent sea-fluvial climatology to support long-term flood management plans.
Real Fakes: The Epistemology of Online Misinformation
Authors: Harris Keith Raymond 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMany of our beliefs are acquired online. Online epistemic environments are replete with fake news, fake science, fake photographs and videos, and fake people in the form of trolls and social bots. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the threat that such online fakes pose to the acquisition of knowledge. I argue that fakes can interfere with one or more of the truth, belief, and warrant conditions on knowledge. I devote most of my attention to the effects of online fakes on satisfaction of the warrant condition, as these have received comparatively little attention. I consider three accounts of the conditions under which fakes compromise the warrant condition. I argue for the third of these accounts, according to which the propensity of fakes to exist in an environment threatens warrant acquisition in that environment. Finally, I consider some limitations on the epistemic threat of fakes and suggest some strategies by which this threat can be mitigated.