bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geochemical study of heavy metals (lead, cadmium, copper, and zinc) in the rocks and sediments of Latakia sheet, Syria, and their environmental impact
Authors: Ghadeer afraa , Ibrahim ahlam , Masri Mohammed Sayd Al- 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study is mainly concerned with a geochemical study of heavy metals (lead, cadmium, 10 zinc, and copper) in different types of rocks, soils, and sediments in the geological sheet of latakia, To study the environmental impact of these elements and to determine the sources of pollution (natural, human). Collecting 43 rock samples (sedimentary, ophiolite complex), and 18 sedimentary and soil samples, The mineralogical content was determined using the X-ray diffraction device (XRD), and the concentration of the heavy metals was determined using the wave polarograph device in the laboratories of the Syrian Atomic Energy Authority in Damascus.
The XRD analysis showed the predominance of calcite metal in sedimentary rocks, with the presence of varying proportions of quartz metal and clay minerals, and gypsum minerals in gypsum rocks. Serpentine rocks dominated the rocks of the ophiolite complex, with a limited spread of the basic rocks, while the main minerals in serpentine rocks are serpentine (Lizardite, Antigorite), Anthophyllite, and Talc. The results of XRD analyses confirmed the effect of the mineral composition of rock formations on the mineral composition of sediments and soils, where calcite mineral dominates in sediments and soils formed over carbonate formations, and quartz mineral, serpentine, and clay minerals, on the soil, and sediments formed over the rocks of the ophiolite complex
The abundance trend increases for mean concentrations of heavy metals in rocks, sediments, and soils in the order of Zn> Cu> Pb> Cd. Polarograph results showed a decrease in cadmium concentration in most of the samples, while the concentration of zinc, copper, and lead varied according to the metallic composition of the samples.
Pollution indicators showed the presence of zinc, copper, and lead contamination in some samples. This pollution is due to human and industrial activities in the study area.
Long-term Cardiovascular Outcomes of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated with COVID-19 using an Institution Based Algorithm
Authors: Chakraborty Abhishek , Johnson Jason N , Spagnoli Jonathan , Amin Nomisha , Mccoy Mia , Swaminathan Nithya , Yohannan Thomas , Philip Ranjit 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular involvement is a major cause of inpatient and intensive care unit morbidity related to Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). The objective of this study was to identify long-term cardiovascular manifestations of MIS-C. Methods: We included 80 consecutive patients admitted to the intensive care unit with MIS-C who were evaluated for a year in our follow-up clinic using an institution protocol. The outcome measures were cardiac biomarkers (troponin and BNP), electrocardiogram changes, echocardiographic findings cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) and graded-exercise stress test (GXT) findings. Results: The cohort included patients aged between 6 months and 17 years (median 9 years; 48.8% females). At the peak of the disease 81.3% had abnormal BNP and 58.8% had troponin leak which reduced to 33.8% and 18.8% respectively at discharge with complete normalization by 6 weeks post-discharge. At admission 33.8% had systolic dysfunction, which improved to 11.3% at discharge with complete resolution by 2 weeks. Coronary artery abnormalities were seen in 17.5% during the illness with complete resolution by 2 weeks post discharge except one (1.9%) with persistent giant aneurysm at 1 year-follow up. CMR was performed at 6 months in 23 patient and demonstrated 4 patients with persistent late gadolinium enhancement (17.4%). Normal exercise capacity with no ectopy was seen in the 31 qualifying patients that underwent a GXT.Conclusions: There is significant heterogeneity in the cardiovascular manifestations of MIS-C. Although majority of the cardiovascular manifestations resolve within 6 weeks, diastolic dysfunction, CAA and myocardial scar may persist in a small subset of patients warranting a structured long-term follow-up strategy.
Proposed Computational Relations for Design Parameters of Composite Steel Plate Shear Walls with Opening
Authors: meghdadian Mohammad , ghalehnovi mansour 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Composite Steel Plate Shear Walls (CSPSW) are a developed type of steel shear walls that can be used in two ways to form the buckling due to the buckling in the steel sheet in these walls. One method is to use metal hardeners and the other is to use a concrete cover that is attached to the steel sheet through cutters. The second type is known as composite shear wall. In steel shear wall, the floor shear is transferred using the tensile field of the steel plate and after buckling due to diagonal pressure. In a composite cutting wall, the concrete wall preserves the steel plate and prevents it from buckling before yielding to pressure. As a result, the steel plate resists the shear force of the floor due to shear yield. The shear yield capacity of a metal plate is clearly greater than the capacity it seeks to obtain with the help of a diagonal tensile field. In addition, the compacted concrete wall provides insulation against sound and temperature, and makes steel shear walls resistant and fire-retardant for steel sheets. However, due to architectural and installation reasons, these walls need to be opened. So with modeling as well as recommendations and criteria related to composite shear walls from different regulations to make a relationship for the case that we want to design the wall with opening with the given relations without opening, we have finally done the process of seismic design In composite shear wall systems, along with some design recommendations, it is stated about the design of composite shear wall components.
Introducing new plan evaluation indices for prostate dose painting IMRT plans based on apparent diffusion coefficient images
Authors: Moradi Saman , Hashemi Bijan , Bakhshandeh Mohsen , Banaei Amin , Mofid Bahram 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Dose painting planning would be more complicated due to different levels of prescribed doses and more complex evaluation with conventional plan quality indices considering uniform dose prescription. Therefore, we tried to introduce new indices for evaluating the dose distribution conformity and homogeneity of treatment volumes based on the tumoral cell density and relative volumes of each lesion in prostate IMRT. Methods: CT and MRI scans of 20 male patients having local prostate cancer were used for IMRT DP planning. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) images were imported to a MATLAB program to identify lesion regions based on ADC values automatically. Regions with ADC values lower than 750 mm2/s and regions with ADC values higher than 750 and less than 1500 mm2/s were considered CTV70Gy (clinical tumor volume with 70Gy prescribed dose), and CTV60Gy, respectively. Other regions of the prostate were considered as CTV53Gy. New plan evaluation indices based on evaluating the homogeneity (IOE(H)), and conformity (IOE(C)) were introduced, considering the relative volume of each lesion and cellular density obtained from ADC images. These indices were compared with conventional homogeneity and conformity indices and IOEs without considering cellular density. Furthermore, tumor control probability (TCP) was calculated for each patient, and the relationship of the assessed indices were evaluated with TCP values.Results: IOE (H) and IOE (C) with considering cellular density had significantly lower values compared to conventional indices and IOEs without considering cellular density. (P<0.05). TCP values had a stronger relationship with IOE(H) considering cell density (R2=-0.415), and IOE(C) without considering cell density (R2=0.624). Conclusion: IOE plan evaluation indices proposed in this study can be used for evaluating prostate IMRT dose painting plans. We suggested to consider cell densities in the IOE(H) calculation formula and it’s appropriate to calculate IOE(C) without considering cell density vaqlues.
Processor-in-the-Loop implementation of an Adjusting Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation for Suppressing Zero-Sequence Circulating Current in Parallel PWM converters
Authors: Chebabhi Ali , Husin AL-DWA Ala Addin Mohammed , Kessal Abdelhalim 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Grid-connected common DC-bus parallel three-phase PWM converters system is widely used in many power systems due to its advantages, including high reliability, sinusoidal grid currents, lower switching frequency, stable DC-bus voltage, and good flexibility. However, this topology suffers from zero-sequence-circulating-current (ZSCC), which will deteriorate the control performance, distort the grid currents, and increase power losses. In this context, an adjusted space vector pulse width modulation strategy (ASVPWM) based on ZSCC fuzzy logic control loop (ZSCC-FLC) is proposed not only to suppress the ZSCC but also to mitigate its ripples and grid current harmonics, especially the third harmonic and their multiples. The main objective of the proposed ZSCC-FLC based ASVPWM strategy is to enforce the ZSCC to zero with very lower ripples in order to accurately provide the appropriate adjusting variable for the duty rations of zero state vectors of ASVPWM. A processor-in-the-loop (PIL) co-simulation is implemented using embedded hardware on the STM32F407 microcontroller discovery-development-board as an experimental study of the proposed ZSCC-FLC based ASVPWM strategy for parallel three-phase PWM converters under balanced and unbalanced grid voltage. Finally, we quantitatively compare both the proposed ZSCC-FLC based ASVPWM strategy to the ZSCC-PIC. This comparison verifies the superiority and effectiveness of the proposed strategy over the ZSCC-PIC strategy in terms of ZSCC, ripples, and inputs currents harmonics.
Mechanistic insights into TLR7-mediated clinical outcome in COVID-19 and the potential modulatory role of N-acetylcysteine
Authors: Naushad Shaik Mohammad , Mandadapu Gowtham , Ramaiah Mekala Janaki , Almajhdi Fahad N. , Hussain Tajamul 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Men with loss-of-function (LOF) variants of toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) are more susceptible to critical COVID-19. We aimed to determine the pathogenicity and binding affinity changes of TLR7 variants towards SARS-CoV2 RNA, MyD88, imiquimod, and N-acetylcysteine (NAC). TLR7 deleterious mutations increase the risk of critical COVID-19 by 16-folds (95% CI: 2.40–106.73, p = 0.005). LOF-TLR7 variants had impaired SARS COV-2 viral RNA sensing (-292.09 ± 11.86 Kcal/mol) compared to hypofunctional (-304.65 +/- 8.84 Kcal/mol), and neutral (-310.01 ± 5.29 Kcal/mol) TLR7 variants (p < 0.00001). The hypofunctional TLR7 variants had the lowest binding affinity (-270.31 ± 8.35 Kcal/mol) to MyD88, while the LOF variants had the highest binding affinity (-284.87 ± 13.20 Kcal/mol, F:4.66, p = 0.02). The TLR7 variants in critical COVID-19 had a higher binding affinity to N-acetylcysteine (NAC) than those in severe COVID-19 (-7.68 ± 0.68 vs.-7.18 ± 0.35, p = 0.03). The binding affinity of imiquimod to TLR7 variants is not altered by the TLR7 functionality (F = 1.09, p = 0.36). To conclude, men with deleterious TLR7 mutations are highly prone to critical COVID-19 due to loss of viral RNA sensing ability of TLR7, which impairs anti-viral response. NAC can circumvent the impact of these TLR gene variants and elicit anti-viral responses by relaying TLR7-MyD88 signaling while imiquimod was not effective.
Diabetes, COVID 19 and mucormycosis
Authors: Trabulsi Ali Mohammed Adnan , Derki Mohammad Wassim Ghassan , Kattan Amer , Zedan Ruziv , Nahas Louei Darjazini , Hammoud Taghrid 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Aim
Patients with diabetes mellitus are more likely to develop invasive fungal infections. Mucormycosis with COVID 19 infection has recently increased, especially in diabetic patients. The goal of this investigation is to examine the clinical range of COVID-associated Mucormycosis with diabetes and subsequent results.
Materials and methods
This study includes 59 cases in Al-Mujtahid Hospital, and this study is a Cohort study.
Results
The sample included 59 patients with Mucormycosis, their average age was 58.9 years with a standard deviation of 12.2 years, where the number of patients with diabetes was 56 patients with a percentage of 95%, while the patients with high blood pressure were 25 patients with a percentage of 42%, and 46 patients suffered from covid-19 with a percentage of 78%. In addition to the previous diseases, the patients suffered from many symptoms, including: Nerve injuries, Nerves 2-3-4-5-6-7 were injured with a percentage of 33%, and Nerves 2-3-4-5-6 came in second place by 22%, and 24% of patients reported black crusts in the nasal cavity, 12% suffered from necrosis of the roof of the palate, and the most affected sinus was the ethmoid sinus in 61%, followed by the maxillary sinus with 58% and the frontal and sphenoid sinus 56%. By following up on these patients, 27 patients died and only 3 patients healed. In terms of hospital discharge, 24 patients were discharged, and the rest were discharged under their responsibility.
Conclusion
Diabetes should be controlled in all patients with Mucormycosis, and periodic examinations should be carried out for diabetic patients, and future studies should be conducted to understand the relationship between diabetes and Mucormycosis.
Correlations of Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth.) Use Behavior and Psychiatric Conditions from a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Grundmann Oliver , Veltri Charles A. , Morcos Sara , Smith Kirsten E. , Singh Darshan , Corazza Ornella , Cinosi Eduardo , Martinotti Giovanni , Walsh Zach , Swogger Marc T. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth.) use has increased substantially over the past decade outside of its indigenous regions, especially for the self-treatment of psychiatric conditions. An anonymous, cross-sectional, online survey was completed by 4,945 people who use kratom (PWUK) between July 2019 and July 2020. A total of 2,296 respondents completed an extended survey utilizing clinical scales for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depressive and anxiety disorders.PWUK and met criteria for ADHD, PTSD, depressive or anxiety disorders were primarily middle-aged (31-50 years), employed, more likely to have college-level education (81.3% vs. 80.0%), and reported increased concurrent or prior use of kratom with cannabis products, cannabidiol, and benzodiazepines. In all psychiatric conditions, PWUK reported less depressive and anxious moods. Self-reported quality of life was worse in psychiatric conditions whereas current pain was more severe. Based on this observational study, further clinical studies are warranted for kratom.
Ethylene Dibromide Fumigation of Citrus Fruit to Control the Mediterranean Fruit Fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wied.)1
Authors: Bussel J. , Kamburov S. S. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Grapefruit, orange, and lemon fruits were fumigated with ethylene dibromide (EDB) at 12 and 14 g/m3 for 2 hr exposures against eggs, larvae, and pupae of the Mediterranean fruit fly. Grapefruit also was fumigated at 16 g/m3 for 2 and 2.5 hr exposures. EDB sorption was determined in an empty chamber and when the chamber was loaded with fruit. At EDB dosages of 12 and 14 g/m3, a complete kill of eggs, larvae, and pupae was obtained by fumigating artificially infested oranges and lemons. With grapefruit, complete kill of eggs and pupae and high mortality of larvae were obtained at those dosages. When the dosage was increased to 16 g/m3 and exposure prolonged to 2.5 hr a 100% kill of larvae was obtained. All citrus fruits were tolerant to dosages used and no peel injury occurred during subsequent 1 month storage and 2 weeks under shelf-life conditions. The rate of EDB residue desorption from various citrus fruits after fumigation was determined. The amounts of inorganic bromide residue resulting from fumigation were below safety limits.
Collapse of ‘Murcott’ Tangerine Trees1
Authors: Smith Paul F. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
‘Murcott’ tangerine (Citrus hybrid) trees often decline suddenly during fall and winter, if they are heavily loaded with fruit. First symptoms are wilt, yellowing of leaves, defoliation, and shriveling of fruit. The rapid loss of leaves and fruit, followed by dying back of branches, gives the appearance of death. However, such trees generally recover. The remaining leaves are deficient in one or more minerals such as N, P, K, or Mn. However, extra fertilizer does not prevent tree collapse. Seasonal studies showed that starch depletion and death of feeder roots accompany the decline. Root starvation, as a result of crop strain, appears to be the primary cause of rapid tree collapse.
Water Soluble Extracts from Peach Plant Parts and Their Affect on Growth of Seedlings of Peach, Apple and Bean1
Authors: Oh Sung Do , Carlson Robert F. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Water suspensions from seeds, root and shoots of peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) influenced growth of peach, apple and bean seedlings when applied to soil of potted plants. Different levels of amygdalin were found in plant parts of peach and apple. Synthetic amygdalin applied to potted peach seedlings was not toxic. Certain nutrient elements were altered due to the soil treatment. Disposal of plant parts is suggested as a practical sanitation practice to possibly reduce peach tree decline on old soil.
Use of Cryoprotectants on Apple and Pear Trees1
Authors: Ketchie D. O. , Murren C. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The croprotectants, polyvinylpyrolidone, glycerol, ethylene glycol and dimethyl sulfoxide were applied individually or in combination with each other in the form of a spray on whole apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees in the greenhouse and by terminal feeding apple and pear (Pyrus communis L.) trees in the field. The trees were tested both by artificial and natural freezing. The cryoprotectants increased cold resistance, however, different cultivars showed different effects with the various protective agents. Factors other than the colligative properties appeared to modify the effects of cryoprotectants.
Correlation Between Banana Storage Life and Minimum Treatment Time Required for Ethylene Response1
Authors: Liu F. W. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Good correlation was found between length of storage life of banana (Musa cavendishii Lambert cv. Dwarf Cavendish) and minimum treatment time required for ethylene ripening response at harvest. All test bananas responded to 24 hours or less of 10 ppm ethylene treatment. Based on 29 sample groups of greenhousegrown ‘Dwarf Cavendish’ bananas, a linear regression equation relating banana storage life in days in air at 21°C (as output Y) and minimum time in hours required for ripening response to 10 ppm ethylene (as input X) was obtained as Y = 4.59 + 1.25X. The 2 variables had a correlation coefficient of 0.92.
Use of Hill Plots for Genetic and Breeding Studies of Bean1
Authors: Bliss F. A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The precision of a 9-plant hill-plot design in which plants were sown 15 cm apart in a 3 × 3 arrangement compared favorably to that of 3-m-row plots containing approximately 75 plants for the estimation of pod yield of snap beans Phaseolus vulgaris L. Quality traits and sieve size distribution based on pod diameter in both plot designs were similar. Using the square design, the entire 9-plant plot can be taken as the unit of selection, or single plant selection can be practiced when the test plant is grown in the center hill surrounded by 8 uniform guard plants. Single plant selection using this design has been used effectively to modify traits of beans having moderate to high heritability. Selection based on family means should be used for traits with low heritability. Efficiency of the hill-plot design is realized in terms of smaller plot size, fewer required seeds per plot and reduced harvest time.
Influence of Temperature, Time of Day, and Flower Age on Pollen Germination, Stigma Receptivity, Pollen Tube Growth, and Fruit Set of Allium cepa L.1
Authors: Chang W. N. , Struckmeyer B. Esther 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Male fertile lines M611B and P52-371B and male-sterile lines M2399A and P54-306A of onion were grown in 3 chambers in the Biotron with maximum temperatures of 24°C, 35°, and 43° and a minimum of 18°. Temperature and flower age affected longevity and viability of pollen. There was no striking difference in % germination between the 2 male-fertile lines in time of day pollen was collected from flowers of the same age. At 24° stigma receptivity was highest on the 4th day; at 35°, the 3rd day; and at 43°, the 1st day after anthesis. Pollen started germinating ½ hour after placement on the stigma at the 3 temperatures. Pollen tubes grew the entire length of the style within 12 hours after pollination. The highest % fruit set was at 35°. Seeds per ovary were 2.57, 3.20 and 1.66 for 24°, 35° and 43°, respectively.
Lilium sp. ‘Mid Century Hybrids’ Adapted to Pot Use with Ancymidol1
Authors: White John W. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
‘Enchantment’, ‘Prosperity’, ‘Harmony’, and ‘Hornback's Gold’ were the hybrid garden-type lilies most adaptable for pot plant use. With 6 or 8 weeks of post-plant-storage, a growth retardant was not required to obtain a final plant height between 30 and 50 cm. With 10 or 13 weeks of post-plant-storage at 0°C, ancymidol [N,N,N-2 tetramethyl-5-(1-methyl-ethyl)-4-[(1-piperidinylcarbonyl)oxy]-benzenamonium chloride] as a 0.5 mg a.i. (.0264% active ingredient) drench applied at shoot emergence or as a 100-ppm spray applied when shoots were 7.5 cm long, effectively reduced height and improved appearance.
The final plant heights of ‘Rainbow Hybrid’, ‘Sutter's Gold’ and ‘Pastel Hybrid’ were maintained between 30 and 50 cm with a 0.5 mg ancymidol drench. However, these cultivars were not as promising for pot plants because of narrow and short leaves and necrosis of lower foliage which detracted from their general appearance. The concentration of ancymidol used did not reduce sufficiently the final plant height of ‘Challenger’. Cost of the bulbs may be a factor when considering the use of cultivars such as ‘Challenger’ and ‘Pepper’ for use as pot plants.
Evaluation of Sweet Corn Inbreds for Resistance for European Corn Borer1
Authors: Andrew R. H. , Carlson J. R. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn.) damage to sweet corn (Zea mays L.) inbreds was evaluated by husk ratings, tip ratings, ear tunnel counts, and ear indexes for two years. Egg masses placed in the leaf whorl and on the ear shoot were used to simulate egg laying by first and second generation corn borer adults, respectively. Differences among inbreds for second generation corn borer ear damage were highly significant in both years. Husk rating and tip damage rating gave a consistent measurement of these differences in two markedly different seasons. Correlations for all measurements of second generation damage were highly significant within years. Measurements of first and second generation damage were not consistently related. Host maturity was negatively correlated, although not always significantly, with first and second generation damage parameters.