bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intensity‐modulated radiotherapy with planned Gamma Knife radiosurgery boost for head and neck cancer with extensive disease in proximity to critical structures
Authors: Farris Joshua C. , Steber Cole R. , Black Paul J. , Chan Michael D. , Ververs James D. , Cramer Christina K. , Browne James D. , Waltonen Joshua D. , Sullivan Christopher A. , Patwa Hafiz S. , Laxton Adrian W. , Tatter Stephen B. , Frizzell Bart A. , Porosnicu Mercedes , Lycan Thomas W. , Greven Kathryn M. , Hughes Ryan T. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo describe intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with Gamma Knife Radiosurgery (GKRS) boost for locally advanced head and neck cancer (HNC) with disease near dose‐limiting structures.MethodsPatients with HNC treated with IMRT/GKRS as part of a combined modality approach between 2011 and 2021 were reviewed. Local control, overall survival and disease‐specific survival were estimated using the Kaplan Meier method.ResultsTwenty patients were included. Nineteen patients had T3‐4 tumors. Median follow‐up was 26.3 months. GKRS site control was 95%. Two patients progressed at the treated primary site, one patient failed at the edge of the GKRS treatment volume, with no perineural or intracranial failure. 2‐year OS was 94.7% (95% CI: 85.2%–100%). Concurrent chemotherapy was given in nine patients (45%). One patient (5%) received induction/concurrent chemotherapy. Brain radionecrosis occurred in three patients, one of which was biopsy‐proven.ConclusionsIMRT plus GKRS boost results in excellent disease control near critical structures with minimal toxicity.
Laparoscopic Hartmann's reversal has better clinical outcomes compared to open surgery: An international multicenter cohort study involving 502 patients
Authors: Medellin Abueta Anwar , Senejoa Nairo Javier , Pedraza Ciro Mauricio , Fory Lina , Rivera Carlos Perez , Jaramillo Carlos Edmundo Martinez , Barbosa Lina Maria Mateus , Varela Heinz Orlando Ibañez , Carrera Javier A. , Garcia Duperly Rafael , Sanchez Luis A , Lozada‐Martinez Ivan David , Cabrera‐Vargas Luis Felipe , Mendoza Andres , Cabrera Paulo , Sanchez Ussa Sebastian , Paez Cristian , Wexner Steven D. , Strassmann Victor , DaSilva Giovanna , Di Saverio Salomone , Birindelli Arianna , Florez Roberto Jose Rodríguez , Kestenberg Abraham , Obando Rodallega Alexander , Robles Juan Carlos Sánchez , Carrasco Carlos Adrian Niño , Impagnatiello Alessio , Cassini Diletta , Baldazzi Gianandrea , Roscio Francesco , Liotta Gianluca , Marini Pierluigi , Gomez Daniel , Figueroa Avendaño Carlos Edgar , Villamizar Daniela Moreno , Cabrera Laura , Reyes Juan Carlos , Narvaez‐Rojas Alexis 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundHartmann's procedure (HP) is used in surgical emergencies such as colonic perforation and colonic obstruction. “Temporary” colostomy performed during HP is not always reversed in part due to potential morbidity and mortality associated with reversal. There are several contributing factors for patients requiring a permanent colostomy following HP. Therefore, there is still some discussion about which technique to use. The aim of this study was to evaluate perioperative variables of patients undergoing Hartmann's reversal using a laparoscopic and open approach.MethodsThe multicenter retrospective cohort study was done between January 2009 and December 2019 at 14 institutions globally. Patients who underwent Hartmann's reversal laparoscopic (LS) and open (OS) approaches were evaluated and compared. Sociodemographic, preoperative, intraoperative variables, and surgical outcomes were analyzed. The main outcomes evaluated were 30‐day mortality, length of stay, complications, and postoperative outcomes.ResultsFive hundred and two patients (264 in the LS and 238 in the OS group) were included. The most prevalent sex was male in 53.7%, the most common indication was complicated diverticular disease in 69.9%, and 85% were American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) II‐III. Intraoperative complications were noted in 5.3% and 3.4% in the LS and OS groups, respectively. Small bowel injuries were the most common intraoperative injury in 8.3%, with a higher incidence in the OS group compared with the LS group (12.2% vs. 4.9%, p < 0.5). Inadvertent injuries were more common in the small bowel (3%) in the LS group. A total of 17.2% in the OS versus 13.3% in the LS group required intensive care unit (ICU) admission (p = 0.2). The most frequent postoperative complication was ileus (12.6% in OS vs. 9.8% in LS group, p = 0.4)). Reintervention was required mainly in the OS group (15.5% vs. 5.3% in LS group, p < 0.5); mortality rate was 1%.ConclusionsLaparoscopic Hartmann's reversal is safe and feasible, associated with superior clinical outcomes compared with open surgery.
Genetic correlation between female infertility and mental health and lifestyle factors: A linkage disequilibrium score regression study
Authors: Ma Miao , Guo Lu , Liu Xiaocheng , Zheng Yingxin , Gu Chao , Li Bin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsFemale fertility is a heterogeneous condition of complete psychosocial and physical well‐being. Observational studies have revealed that women with infertility have varying degrees of poor mental status and lifestyle choices in varying degrees. However, the genetic contribution to female infertility remains elusive. Our study aimed to explore the genetic correlations between female infertility and mental health and lifestyle factors.MethodsThe genome‐wide association study (GWAS) data sets of characteristics related to mental health and lifestyle were obtained from the IEU OpenGWAS database. The GWAS data sets of female infertility were derived from the Finggen database. Linkage disequilibrium score regression was performed to systematically estimate the pairwise genetic correlations between female infertility and a set of mental health‐ and lifestyle‐related traits.ResultsThe genetic correlation analysis revealed a moderate and positive genetic correlation between depressive symptoms, major depressive disorder, and female infertility. Similarly, worry and the personality trait of neuroticism displayed a moderate positive genetic correlation with female infertility. Adversely, a negative and moderate genetic correlation was observed between strenuous sports or exercises and female infertility.ConclusionThe study demonstrated genetic correlations between female infertility and mental health status, including depression, worry, and neuroticism. Additionally, we observed that females with better physical activity may have reduced risks of female infertility. These findings would serve as a fundamental resource for understanding the genetic mechanisms of the effects of mental health and lifestyle factors on female infertility.
Unmet health care needs among pregnant women during COVID‐19 pandemic and its determinants in Kurdistan province, Iran: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Afkhamzadeh Abdorrahim , Shokri Azad , Safari Hossein , Nouri Elham , Bolbanabad Amjad Mohamadi , Amirihosseini Shina , Piroozi Bakhtiar 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsThe aim of this study was to assess unmet needs for health care and its determinants during COVID‐19 pandemic among pregnant women in Iran.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was performed among pregnant women in Kurdistan province in 2020 with a sample size of 800 people who were selected by multistage sampling method. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire that was completed through interviews. Also, multiple logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between independent variables and outcome variable. Statistical tests were performed using Stata software package.ResultsThe highest unmet needs for health care were related to dental services with 66%, rehabilitation services with 58.6%, and psychological services with 43.2% and the lowest were related to hospital services with 12%, midwifery services with 15.6%, and physician visit services with 39.1%. The most important reasons for unmet needs for health care were fear of getting COVID‐19 and the cost of the services. The variables of age group and spouse education for physician visit services; age group for midwifery services; age group, education and employment status for dental services; age group, supplementary insurance and economic status for rehabilitation services; and age group and economic status for psychological services were significantly associated with unmet needs for health care (p < 0.05).ConclusionA significant percentage of health care needs of pregnant women was unmet, for which the fear of getting COVID‐19 and financial barriers were the main reasons.
Evaluation of serum lipid profiles, uric acid, and high sensitivity C‐reactive protein levels between pregnancy‐induced hypertension and normotensive pregnant women attending Ambo University Referral Hospital, Ambo, Ethiopia, 2020: A case‐control study
Authors: Areda Bilisuma G. , Gizaw Solomon T. , Berdida Delesa H. , Kebalo Abbul H. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsPregnancy‐induced hypertension is one of the top three ranked diseases during pregnancy that cause maternal, fetal, and neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. To provide adequate information to clinicians and researchers who are striving for potential interventions, biochemical profiling of such patients is required.MethodsA hospital‐based case‐control study design was conducted from August 2020 to May 2021 to evaluate serum lipid profile, uric acid, and high sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP) among women with pregnancy‐induced hypertension compared to normotensive pregnant women. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Independent t‐test and χ2 were used to compare the relationship of variables between the two groups. A p‐value less than 0.05 was used to test statistical significance.ResultsThe result of this study showed that while the levels (mean ± SD) of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol (LDL‐C), TC/high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol (HDL‐C), TG/HDL‐C, LDL‐C/HDL‐C were significantly elevated, HDL‐C was decreased among women with pregnancy‐induced hypertension than normotensive pregnant women (p < 0.0001). The levels (mean ± SD) of uric acid and hs‐CRP were significantly higher among women with pregnancy‐induced hypertension compared to normotensive pregnant women (p < 0.0001).ConclusionThis study indicated that pregnancy‐induced hypertension women have lipid abnormalities, increased systemic inflammatory markers, and hyperuricemia compared to normotensive pregnant women. Thus, women with PIH showing high dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia, and inflammation are likely to develop hypertension. Therefore, evaluation of these potential biomarkers during early antenatal care services may help seek interventions in PIH.
Prevalence of high‐risk HPV among marginalized urban women in India and its implications on vaccination: A cross sectional study
Authors: Vora Kranti Suresh , Saiyed Shahin , Joshi Rajendra , Natesan Senthilkumar 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo discover the prevalence and distribution of high‐risk human papilloma virus (HPV) subtypes in urban slums and their implications.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was performed to discover prevalence and distribution of high‐risk HPV subtypes. We screened 956 women. Data were analyzed using SPSS v.25. Inclusion criterion was married women between 30 and 45 years of age. Exclusion criteria were women with known cervical cancer at the time of the survey or those who had undergone hysterectomy.ResultsOf the women, 32.47% were HPV positive and of these, about 84.50% were positive for high‐risk HPV. HPV type 6 (HPV 6) and HPV 11 were not seen in the population. After HPV 16 and HPV 18, type 58 was the most common variant seen in our study. Currently‐used vaccines in India do not cover HPV 58.ConclusionKnowing and understanding the distribution of high‐risk HPV are necessary for an effective strategy to eliminate cervical cancer from India. Deoxyribonucleic acid‐based HPV screening is a useful method along with vaccination to prevent cervical cancer.
Neutrophil‐to‐Lymphocyte ratio on admission predicts gastrointestinal bleeding in acute basal ganglia hemorrhage
Authors: Jiang Xuewei , Zhou Liangliang , Chen Yinuo , Tang Yuqing , Jiang Xiaodong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundGastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) is a potential contributing factor for poor prognosis of spontaneous basal ganglia hemorrhage (BGH). This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of new inflammatory biomarkers including neutrophil to lymphocytes (NLR) on admission and construct a nomogram for rapidly predicting GIB in acute BGH.MethodsThe retrospective study included all patients with acute BGH admitted from the emergency department in Huashan Hospital from July 2017 to January 2019. Multivariate analysis was conducted to evaluate the correlation between factors within 24 h and the occurrence of GIB within 7 days after BGH. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was performed to estimate the prediction ability of inflammatory biomarkers. A nomogram based on significant predictors was validated by ROC curve and calibration curve.ResultsA total of 122 patients were enrolled in this study, and the incidence of GIB was 23.0%. Patients with GIB had larger hematoma volume (≥30 ml), lower Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score (≤8) and increased inflammatory biomarkers on admission. ROC curve revealed that NLR had a high predictive value to the complication (area under the curve = 0.87). According to multivariate analysis, NLR, GCS score, and hematoma volume were main factors for nomogram, with good calibration and discrimination.ConclusionsNeutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio and GCS score within 24 h after the onset of acute BGH are the independent risk factors for GIB. The nomogram developed by these predictors may assist surgeons in rapidly assessing and preventing of GIB for BGH patients in earlier stage.
Probability of Target Attainment Analyses to Inform Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Dosing Regimens for Patients With Hospital‐Acquired or Ventilator‐Associated Bacterial Pneumonia and End‐Stage Renal Disease Receiving Intermittent Hemodialysis
Authors: Feng Hwa‐Ping , Patel Yogesh T. , Zhang Zufei , Fiedler‐Kelly Jill , Bruno Christopher J. , Rhee Elizabeth G. , De Anda Carisa , Gao Wei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractASPECT‐NP, a phase 3 trial of ceftolozane/tazobactam in hospital‐acquired/ventilator‐associated bacterial pneumonia (HABP/VABP), excluded patients with end‐stage renal disease (ESRD). A modeling/simulation approach was undertaken to inform optimal dosing in this population, using previously developed ceftolozane and tazobactam population pharmacokinetic models informed by data from 16 clinical studies. Stochastic simulations were performed using NONMEM to support dose justification. Probability of target attainment (PTA) simulations in plasma and epithelial lining fluid were conducted using a 14‐day treatment, with hemodialysis every other weekday for a high‐dose (4X), middle‐dose (3X), or low‐dose (2X) regimen, where X was the recommended dose in patients with complicated intra‐abdominal infection/complicated urinary tract infection and ESRD (500 mg/250 mg ceftolozane/tazobactam loading dose and 100 mg/50 mg ceftolozane/tazobactam maintenance dose administered by 1‐hour infusion every 8 hours). PTA was determined using established pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic targets: ceftolozane, 30% of the interdose interval (8 hours) in which free ceftolozane concentration exceeded the minimum inhibitory concentration value of 4 µg/mL; tazobactam, 20% of the interdose interval in which free tazobactam concentration exceeded 1 µg/mL. Plasma PTA was >90% for both agents for all 3 regimens. Plasma ceftolozane exposures at the high‐dose regimen exceeded those from phase 3 study experience. Epithelial lining fluid PTA was >90% for high‐ and middle‐dose regimens but was <80% for tazobactam on dialysis days at the low‐dose regimen. For patients with HABP/VABP and ESRD requiring intermittent hemodialysis, the middle‐dose regimen of 1.5 g/0.75 g ceftolozane/tazobactam loading + 300 mg/150 mg maintenance every 8 hours by 1‐hour infusion is recommended.
Hepatectomy versus sorafenib for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with macroscopic portal vein tumor thrombus: A bi‐institutional propensity‐matched cohort study
Authors: Komatsu Shohei , Ueshima Kazuomi , Kido Masahiro , Kuramitsu Kaori , Tsugawa Daisuke , Yanagimoto Hiroaki , Toyama Hirochika , Ku Yonon , Kudo Masatoshi , Fukumoto Takumi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimSorafenib was previously considered a first‐line treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with macroscopic portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT). This case‐matched analysis was performed to evaluate the best first‐line treatment for HCC in patients with macroscopic PVTT.MethodsThe HCC patients with Vp2 (PVTT invaded into a second‐order portal branch), Vp3 (first‐order portal branch), and Vp4 (main trunk or contralateral portal vein) PVTT who underwent hepatectomy and those treated with sorafenib were included. Treatment results were compared between the two modalities for each PVTT category, and a propensity analysis was performed for patients with Vp3 and Vp4 (Vp3/4).ResultsThe median survival times (MSTs) of patients with Vp2, Vp3, and Vp4 PVTT who underwent hepatectomy were 21.4, 13.6, and 14.9 months, respectively; the MSTs for those with Vp2, Vp3, and Vp4 PVTT who received sorafenib treatment were 6.9, 5.5, and 3.6 months, respectively, with a significant difference. In a propensity‐matched cohort of patients with Vp3/4 PVTT (36 patients in each), the MST of patients who underwent hepatectomy (15.1 months) was significantly better than the patients treated with sorafenib (4.5 months).ConclusionHepatectomy can be associated with prolonged survival in HCC patients with macroscopic PVTT.
Globalization‐induced social changes and their environmental impacts: Assessing the role of information and communication technology in sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Nwani Chinazaekpere , Effiong Ekpeno L. , Matthew Enyinnaya Timothy 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study examines how the growing transformation in social globalization propelled by the rapid diffusion of information and communication technology affects carbon emissions in sub‐Saharan Africa using data over the period 1990–2018. The results show a neutral effect on carbon emissions, as the carbon‐mitigating effect of the de jure conditions offsets the carbon‐emitting impact of the de facto conditions underlying the process of information globalization. To induce social behavioural change with emphasis on environmental protection, there is need for sub‐Saharan African countries to expand access to cross‐border information, leveraging on mass media platforms, and more importantly, ensuring press freedom.
Aggregation‐dependent phosphorus adsorption under different land uses of district Kupwara of Kashmir Valley
Authors: Naikoo Nasir Bashir , Mir Aamir Hassan , Jianjun Han , Nazir Shaista , Yasin Ghulam , Jeelani Fehim , Bhat Raies Ahmad , Bashir Owais , Wani Owais Ali , Koubouris Georgios , Rahman Shafeeq Ur 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundPhosphorus (P) is among the essential elements for plant growth and one of the main elements of fertilizers. Decreased availability of P may limit agricultural production in the coming years. The magnitude of soil aggregation influences phosphorus access to mineral surfaces.AimThe present study aims to determine phosphorus adsorption processes affected by soil aggregation under different land‐use systems.MethodsThe distribution of soil aggregates was determined in representative soil samples in the district Kupwara of Kashmir Valley in India. To predict the phosphorus fertilizer requirement of a particular soil, we used the Freundlich adsorption equation and Langmuir equation and drew a clear comparison between these two models.Results and discussionMaximum phosphorus (P) adsorption was recorded at the smallest aggregate size, 0.5–0.1 mm. However, soil aggregates >2.0 mm (the largest category) adsorbed the least amount of P. Our results revealed that increasing the addition of P to the soil decreased the percentage of adsorbed P regardless of aggregate size. The maximum P adsorption of different size aggregates varied between 1869–1924, 1872–1900, 1718–1739, and 1800–1890 mg P kg–1 in irrigated agriculture, forest, orchard and rainfed agriculture soils, respectively. The variation in P adsorption parameters across the different land uses was attributed to their mean weight diameter difference. The maximum bonding energy in the forest resulted in higher P adsorption. Langmuir and Freundlich's adsorption equations were fitted to each soil aggregate size and land‐use system.ConclusionOur results revealed that for all soil aggregate sizes and land use systems, the Freundlich adsorption equation performs better than the Langmuir equation.
Kinetic study of Hg(II)‐promoted substitution of cyanide from hexacyanoferrate(II) in an anionic surfactant medium by 2,2′‐bipyridine
Authors: Srivastava Abhishek , Naik Radhey Mohan , Rai Jyoti , Kumar Indresh , Yaseen Bushra , Gangwar Chinky 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe kinetic investigation of Hg(II)‐promoted reaction between [Fe(CN)6]4− and 2,2′‐bipyridine (Bipy) has been performed in anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micellar medium by recording the surge in absorbance at 400 nm, corresponding to ultimate reaction product [Fe(CN)4 Bipy]2− using UV–visible spectrophotometer. Pseudo‐first‐order condition has been used to examine the progress of reaction as a function of temperature, [Fe(CN)64−], ionic strength, [SDS], pH, [Hg2+], and [Bipy] by changing one parameter at a time. The results exhibit that [Hg2+], [SDS], and pH are the decisive parameter showing maximum reaction rate at 1.5 × 10−4 mol dm−3, 6.0 × 10−3 mol dm−3, and 3.8, respectively. [Fe(CN)6]4− does not show any appreciable effect on the critical micellar concentration (CMC) of SDS as the polar head of SDS and [Fe(CN)6]4− both are negatively charged. Variable order kinetics was observed for [Fe(CN)6]4− and Bipy in their examined concentration range. The reverse response observed in the reaction rate with [KNO3] shows a negative salt effect. The K+ provided by K4[Fe(CN)6] and KNO3 decreases the repulsion between the negatively charged heads of the surfactant molecules thereby decreasing the CMC of SDS. The negative value for the entropy of activation also supports the interchange dissociative (Id) mechanism recommended by us.
Roles of Nb on the oxidation characteristics and oxide scale evolution of Fe‐25Cr‐35Ni‐2.5Al‐XNb alloys at 1000°C and 1100°C
Authors: Xu Wanjian , Jia Guodong , Pan Jie , Wang Zixie , Ouyang Minghui , Xiao Xueshan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe oxidation characteristics of Fe‐25Cr‐35Ni‐2.5Al‐XNb (0, 0.6, and 1.2 wt%) alumina‐forming austenitic alloys at 1000°C and 1100°C in air were investigated. Results show that Nb has an important effect on the high‐temperature oxidation resistance. A bilayer oxide scale with a Cr2O3‐rich outer layer and Al2O3‐rich internal layer forms on the surface of the Nb‐free alloy and exhibits a poor oxidation resistance at 1000°C and 1100°C. With Nb addition, both the 0.6Nb‐addition and 1.2Nb‐addition alloys exhibit better oxidation resistance at 1000°C. Because of the third element effect, Nb addition reduces the critical Al content and forms a single external protective Al2O3 scale, which greatly improves the oxidation resistance. After oxidation at 1100°C, niobium oxides (mainly Nb2O5) are formed on the surface of the 1.2Nb‐addition alloy and destroy the integrity of the Al2O3 scale, which causes the formation of Cr‐rich oxide nodules and eventually develops to be a loose bilayer oxide scale with NiCr2O4, Cr2O3, and Fe2O3 outer layers and Al2O3 inner layer.