bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solution‐Spinning of a Collection of Micro‐ and Nanocarrier‐Functionalized Polysaccharide Fibers
Authors: Ulmefors Hanna , Yang Nilsson Ting , Eriksson Viktor , Eriksson Gustav , Evenäs Lars , Andersson Trojer Markus 
Published: April 2022

AbstractContinuous polysaccharide fibers and nonwovens—based on cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, chitosan, or alginate—containing biopolymeric microcapsules (MC) or mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) are prepared using a wet‐spinning or solution blowing technique. The MCs are homogeneously distributed in the fiber matrices whereas the MSNs form discrete micron‐sized aggregates as demonstrated using scanning electron‐, fluorescence‐, and confocal microscopy. By encapsulating the model compound pyrene, it is shown that 95% of the substance remains in the fiber during the formation process as compared to only 7% for the nonencapsulated substance. The material comprising the MC has a strong impact on the release behavior of the encapsulated pyrene as investigated using methanol extraction. MCs based on poly(l‐lactic acid) prove to be practically impermeable with no pyrene released in contrast to MCs based on poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) which allow for diffusion of pyrene through the MC and fiber as visualized using fluorescence microscopy.
Dynamic Covalent Cross‐Linked Nanogel‐Stabilized Pickering Emulsion for Responsive Microstructures
Authors: Siebenmorgen Clio , Zu Guangyue , Keskin Damla , van Rijn Patrick 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDesigning new dynamic matrices in combination with a highly diverse material formation approach as Pickering emulsions provides the tools to engineer innovative dynamic porous microstructures in a highly controllable fashion. Here, nanogels (nGels) are used, which exhibit dynamic covalent cross‐linking capabilities, as surface stabilizing agents in view of their highly controllable physiochemical properties. The method provides the successful formation of dynamic covalent cross‐linked hydrogel microstructures based on ketone and amine‐functionalized nGels using Pickering emulsions. In this system, a pH‐triggerable responsive behavior is incorporated. The physiochemical properties of the resulting microstructure can be further tailored by modifying the intramolecular interactions at the interface, making these systems interesting for a wide range of applications.
Quercetin attenuates the proliferation of arsenic‐related lung cancer cells via a caspase‐dependent DNA damage signaling
Authors: Yang Pan , Li Xiaoping , Wen Qinghui , Zhao Xiaan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractExposure to arsenic (As) mainly through contaminated drinking water enhances the lung tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis. The carcinogenic effect of As is due to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA damage, and interference with DNA repair machinery. Herein, we investigated the potential therapeutic function of quercetin on As‐treated lung cancer cells. Quercetin is a natural product with antioxidative, anti‐inflammatory, and antiproliferative properties. We showed that quercetin induced cell death in the As‐exposed lung cancer cells in a dose‐dependent manner. Quercetin was able to significantly inhibit the proliferation of the As‐treated cells over a period of 5 weeks. In addition, quercetin induced ROS‐mediated DNA double‐strand breaks in the As‐treated lung cancer cells. We also showed that ROS generation induced by quercetin activated caspase‐3 to a sufficient level to induce DNA damage but insufficient to induce death in As‐treated lung cancer cells. Moreover, transient activation of caspase‐2 was detected in quercetin‐ and As‐cotreated cells. The flow cytometry‐based cell cycle analysis showed that the antiproliferative function of quercetin was mediated by S‐phase cell cycle arrest, which was associated with upregulation of the Ataxia Telangiectasia‐mutated (ATM), but not ATM and RAD3‐related. In conclusion, quercetin synergized the As‐driven ROS generation and DNA damage, and induced the S‐phase arrest, thus inhibiting the proliferation of As‐exposed lung cancer cells. This data suggested that quercetin is an alternative reagent to chemo‐drugs to prevent the growth of As‐exposed lung cancer cells.
Task Force Consensus on Nosology and Cut‐Off Values for Axial Postural Abnormalities in Parkinsonism
Authors: Tinazzi Michele , Geroin Christian , Bhidayasiri Roongroj , Bloem Bastiaan R. , Capato Tamine , Djaldetti Ruth , Doherty Karen , Fasano Alfonso , Tibar Houyam , Lopiano Leonardo , Margraf Nils G. , Merello Marcelo , Moreau Caroline , Ugawa Yoshikazu , Artusi Carlo Alberto ,   the International Parkinson and Movement Disorders Society Task Force on Postural Abnormalities
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundThere is no consensus with regard to the nosology and cut‐off values for postural abnormalities in parkinsonism.ObjectiveTo reach a consensus regarding the nosology and cut‐off values.MethodsUsing a modified Delphi panel method, multiple rounds of questionnaires were conducted by movement disorder experts to define nosology and cut‐offs of postural abnormalities.ResultsAfter separating axial from appendicular postural deformities, a full agreement was found for the following terms and cut‐offs: camptocormia, with thoracic fulcrum (>45°) or lumbar fulcrum (>30°), Pisa syndrome (>10°), and antecollis (>45°). “Anterior trunk flexion,” with thoracic (≥25° to ≤45°) or lumbar fulcrum (>15° to ≤30°), “lateral trunk flexion” (≥5° to ≤10°), and “anterior neck flexion” (>35° to ≤45°) were chosen for milder postural abnormalities.ConclusionsFor axial postural abnormalities, we recommend the use of proposed cut‐offs and six unique terms, namely camptocormia, Pisa syndrome, antecollis, anterior trunk flexion, lateral trunk flexion, anterior neck flexion, to harmonize clinical practice and future research.
A novel CEP57 variant associated with mosaic variegated aneuploidy syndrome in a Chinese female presenting with short stature, microcephaly, brachydactyly, and small teeth
Authors: Feng Biyun , Chang Guoying , Zhang Qianwen , Li Xin , Tang Yijun , Gu Shili , Wang Yirou , Wang Jian , Wang Xiumin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundMosaic variegated aneuploidy (MVA) syndrome is a rare, autosomal recessive genetic disease. Here, we report an ultra‐rare case of MVA syndrome associated with a CEP57 variant.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of a 9‐year‐old female patient and surveyed her family members. Whole‐exome sequencing and karyotype analysis were performed; suspected mutations were verified using Sanger sequencing.ResultsThe patient presented with intrauterine growth restriction, short stature, microcephaly, facial dysmorphism, brachydactyly, and small teeth, and she showed unsatisfactory response to GH replacement therapy. Laboratory tests revealed high insulin‐like growth factor‐1 levels. Karyotype analysis of the peripheral blood showed mosaic variegated aneuploidies. Whole‐exome and Sanger sequencing revealed a novel homozygous nonsense variant, NM_014679.4: c.312 T > G, in CEP57 that leads to translation termination (p.Tyr104*). The parents were heterozygous carriers of the identified variant.ConclusionThis study presents an ultra‐rare case of CEP57‐driven MVA syndrome, identifying a novel homozygous nonsense variant of CEP57 (p.Tyr104*). Our findings enrich the CEP57 mutational spectrum and emphasize the importance of genetic testing in patients with microcephaly and short stature. Furthermore, we conclude that growth hormone treatment is ineffective in such patients.
Polarization‐independent dual narrow‐band perfect metamaterial absorber for optical communication
Authors: Xie Wanli , Sun Peng , Wang Jin , Feng He , Luo Qingpeng , Xie Qun , Guo Linhui , Zhang Zexuan , Sun Jianfeng , Zhao Qiang , Yun Maojin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we demonstrate a dual narrow‐band perfect metamaterial absorber for optical communication, where a silicon nano‐disk array is placed on a thin gold film separated by a dielectric layer. Numerical results reveal that dual narrow‐band perfect absorption peaks, which are attributed to waveguide mode and magnetic dipole resonance mode, are achieved at 1310 and 1550 nm, respectively. The results show that the absorption of the two peaks is higher than 99% under the normal incidence of both TE and TM polarizations and the bandwidth is 5 and 15 nm, respectively. Moreover, the absorption peak at 1310 nm can be independently tuned by varying the thickness of the dielectric layer. These findings imply that the proposed absorber can be used in the field of optical communication, frequency‐selective photodetection, and intersatellite laser communication.
Demonstrating the benefits of corrective intraoperative feedback in improving the quality of duodenal hydrogel spacer placement
Authors: Hooshangnejad Hamed , Han‐Oh Sarah , Shin Eun Ji , Narang Amol , Rao Avani Dholakia , Lee Junghoon , McNutt Todd , Hu Chen , Wong John , Ding Kai 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPurposePancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer‐related death with a 10% 5‐year overall survival rate (OS). Radiation therapy (RT) in addition to dose escalation improves the outcome by significantly increasing the OS at 2 and 3 years but is hindered by the toxicity of the duodenum. Our group showed that the insertion of hydrogel spacer reduces duodenal toxicity, but the complex anatomy and the demanding procedure make the benefits highly uncertain. Here, we investigated the feasibility of augmenting the workflow with intraoperative feedback to reduce the adverse effects of the uncertainties.Materials and MethodsWe simulated three scenarios of the virtual spacer for four cadavers with two types of gross tumor volume (GTV) (small and large); first, the ideal injection; second, the nonideal injection that incorporates common spacer placement uncertainties; and third, the corrective injection that uses the simulation result from nonideal injection and is designed to compensate for the effect of uncertainties. We considered two common uncertainties: (1) “Narrowing” is defined as the injection of smaller spacer volume than planned. (2) “Missing part” is defined as failure to inject spacer in the ascending section of the duodenum. A total of 32 stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) plans (33 Gy in 5 fractions) were designed, for four cadavers, two GTV sizes, and two types of uncertainties. The preinjection scenario for each case was compared with three scenarios of virtual spacer placement from the dosimetric and geometric points of view.ResultsWe found that the overlapping PTV space with the duodenum is an informative quantity for determining the effective location of the spacer. The ideal spacer distribution reduced the duodenal V33Gy for small and large GTV to less than 0.3 and 0.1cc, from an average of 3.3cc, and 1.2cc for the preinjection scenario. However, spacer placement uncertainties reduced the efficacy of the spacer in sparing the duodenum (duodenal V33Gy: 1.3 and 0.4cc). The separation between duodenum and GTV decreased by an average of 5.3 and 4.6 mm. The corrective feedback can effectively bring back the expected benefits from the ideal location of the spacer (averaged V33Gy of 0.4 and 0.1cc).ConclusionsAn informative feedback metric was introduced and used to mitigate the effect of spacer placement uncertainties and maximize the benefits of the EUS‐guided procedure.
Three‐dimensional multicontrast blood imaging with a single acquisition: Simultaneous non‐contrast‐enhanced MRA and vessel wall imaging in the thoracic aorta
Authors: Tachikawa Yoshihiko , Hamano Hiroshi , Yoshikai Hikaru , Ikeda Kento , Maki Yasunori , Hirata Kazuhide , Takahashi Yukihiko , Matake Kunishige 
Published: April 2022

PurposeTo evaluate MRA and vessel wall imaging (VWI) image quality in the thoracic aorta using a novel method named BRIDGE (bright and dark blood images with multishot gradient‐echo EPI).MethodsThe BRIDGE method consists of 3D multishot gradient‐echo EPI acquisition using pulse gating, navigator gating, and magnetization preparation with a T2‐preparation pulse and a nonselective inversion‐recovery pulse. The BRIDGE and conventional methods (noncontrast MRA based on 3D turbo‐field‐echo [TFE] and VWI based on 3D turbo spin echo with variable refocusing flip angle [VRFA‐TSE]) were performed in 10 healthy volunteers and 10 patients. The SNR, contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR), and sharpness in the thoracic aorta were compared for MRA evaluation. The values of SNRlumen, SNRwall, CNRwall−lumen, contrast ratio (CR)lumen−muscle, coefficient of variation, sharpness, lumen area, and wall area in the thoracic aorta were compared for VWI evaluation. Two radiologists independently performed qualitative image‐analysis assessments.ResultsWhen MRA and VWI were acquired, the acquisition time was 26.6% to 27.8% shorter with BRIDGE than the conventional method. In the MRA evaluation, BRIDGE and TFE methods were comparable. In the VWI evaluation, BRIDGE was superior to the VRFA‐TSE method in blood suppression and evaluation of the ascending aorta. Because the blood signal suppression of BRIDGE is based on the T1 value of blood, the blood signal can be suppressed more uniformly than with the VRFA‐TSE method, regardless of age, blood flow velocity, or vascular anatomy.ConclusionThe BRIDGE method can provide both MRA, to assess vascular anatomy and luminal changes, and VWI, to assess the vessel wall and detect vulnerable plaques, in a single scan.
Fast randomized tensor singular value thresholding for low‐rank tensor optimization
Authors: Che Maolin , Wang Xuezhong , Wei Yimin , Zhao Xile 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLow‐rank tensor optimization can be converted to a convex optimization problem, which minimizes a convex surrogate to the tensor tubal rank. This problem can be solved iteratively by applying a closed‐form proximal operator, called tensor singular value thresholding (t‐SVT). But they suffer from high computational cost of tensor singular value decomposition (t‐SVD) at each iteration. In this article, we propose a fast randomized algorithm for t‐SVT, which is called as FR t‐SVT. The key idea is to extract an approximate basis for the range of each frontal slice of a third‐order tensor in the Fourier domain from its compressed part. Our theoretical analysis shows the relationship between the approximation bounds of t‐SVD and its effect to the problem via t‐SVT. Numerical examples illustrate the effectiveness of our model.
A micromorphic filter for determining stress and deformation measures from direct numerical simulations of lower length scale behavior
Authors: Miller Nathan A. , Regueiro Richard A. , Shahabi Farhad , Bishop Joseph E. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA micromorphic filter is presented for the extraction of stress and deformation measures from underlying direct numerical simulation (DNS) of microstructural mechanical response. The filter is consistent with the micromorphic continuum theory of Eringen and Suhubi (1964), and allows the interrogation of a DNS to generate higher order constitutive models. The filter adopts aspects of the overlap coupling techniques for atomistic‐continuum scale‐bridging in order to update the nodal degrees of freedom of the finite‐element‐based filter. Two methods for the extraction of quantities of interest from the underlying DNS are presented. The first is a least squares fitting technique which is appropriate for finite‐element‐style macro‐scale domains, and the second is a variationally based approach which generalizes the method to any macro‐scale domain which has a variational form. No restrictions on the form of the micro‐scale simulation are inherent to the approach, provided that the required quantities (stress, position, etc.) can be provided. The filter is applied to a simple homogeneous medium undergoing homogeneous deformation to demonstrate the recovery of a classical continuum response, what we call the null case. We then apply the framework to the same homogeneous medium with a central and edge penny‐shaped crack to show micromorphic effects. We demonstrate that varying the size of the filter causes the micromorphic behaviors to arise and then dissipate as the filter becomes smaller than the crack's length scale. We also show the effect of filter size on a chiral element network along with a plate perforated with evenly spaced and perturbed holes through the thickness. The micromorphic effects are shown to be present for the chiral elements under any loading but become most pronounced when a single element is located within each averaging domain. Micromorphic effects become pronounced for the plate upon the onset of localization.
B Vitamins, work‐related stress and emotional mental disorders: a cross‐sectional study among nurses in Indonesia
Authors: Sofyan Marwan , Fitriani Dewi Yunia , Friska Dewi , Basrowi Ray Wagiu , Fuady Ahmad 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to examine the relationship between intake of vitamins B1, B6, B9 and B12 with emotional mental disorders among nurses in Indonesia.DesignThis cross‐sectional study included nurses who have worked at least six months at a private hospital in Indonesia from March to April 2021.MethodsWe used the Food Frequency Questionnaire, Self‐Reporting Questionnaire 20 and the Expanded Nursing Stress Scale questionnaire to assess the B‐vitamin intake, emotional mental disorders and work‐related stress.ResultsOf 80 interviewed nurses, 8.8% experienced severe work‐related stress, and 22.5% had emotional mental disorders. Most nurses had inadequate intake of vitamins B1 and B9 but had adequate intake of vitamins B6 (72.5%) and B12 (56.3%). Emotional mental disorders are more probably to occur in nurses with less intake of vitamins B6 and B12, with respective aOR of 20.06, 95% CI 4.14–97.09 (p < .001) and 4.49, 95% CI 1.19–16.83 (p = .026).
Family‐centred care interventions to reduce the delirium prevalence in critically ill patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Lin Lingyu , Peng Yanchun , Zhang Haoruo , Huang Xizhen , Chen Liangwan , Lin Yanjuan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimThis study aimed to determine whether family‐centred care (FCC) intervention reduces the ICU delirium prevalence.DesignA systematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsThe databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, CINAHL Complete, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Biology Medicine disc (CBMdisc), WANFANG Data and VIP Information, were systematically searched up to 30 November 2021. The search term includes keywords related to intensive care units, delirium and family‐centred care. Meta‐analyses were performed and presented by risk ratio (RR), mean difference (MD) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsThe meta‐analysis results showed that compared with the usual care, FCC intervention has positive effects on reducing ICU delirium prevalence [RR = 0.54, 95% CIs (0.36, 0.81), p < .05]. However, no effect was observed on ICU stays, mechanical ventilation duration and ICU‐acquired infection between the two groups.ConclusionsFamily‐centred care is an effective intervention to reduce the ICU delirium prevalence. But the result should be treated cautiously as the high levels of heterogeneity, further high‐quality studies are required to determine the effectiveness of FCC intervention in the ICU setting.
The impact of impulsivity and school attendance on COVID‐19 spread: A web‐based cross‐sectional questionnaire
Authors: Karadag Mehmet , Demir Bahadir 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSome personal and social decisions can be influential in the spread of COVID‐19. There are no studies examining school attendance, impulsivity, COVID‐19 phobia, and psychological resilience together while the effect of some individual and social measures on COVID‐19 has been frequently investigated. In this study 360 participants were evaluated through an online questionnaire method during the peak of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Sociodemographic data form prepared by the researchers, COVID‐19 Phobia Scale, Barratt Impulsivity Scale, and Brief Resilience Scale were used in the study. In all, 20.6% (n = 74) of participants had previously experienced COVID‐19. The rate of individuals who experienced the death of any of their relatives due to COVID‐19 was 17.8%. Only 65.8% of respondents fully complied with government‐implemented measures for the outbreak. School attendance (OR = 1.983, p = .033) and impulsivity (OR = 1.115, p < .001) were found to be positively correlated with COVID‐19. The presence of a significantly higher psychiatric disease admission history in patients with COVID‐19 in binary comparisons did not reach the level of significance in regression analysis. Our results suggest that high school attendance and impulsivity scores are positively correlated with COVID‐19 in young people. Government strategies related to schools need to be carefully reviewed for this reason.
Transient low IgG4 levels cause recurrent wheezing requiring multiple hospitalizations in infancy
Authors: Zaitsu Masafumi , Matsuo Muneaki 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate whether the immunoglobulin G (IgG4) subclass is associated with recurrent wheezing and/or asthma in infants.Subjects and MethodsFrom April 2015 to March 2016, 77 infants under 3 years old who attended our hospital were enrolled in four groups (Group 1, controls; Group 2, infants with recurrent wheezing and multiple hospitalizations despite starting inhaled corticosteroids [ICS]; Group 3, infants with recurrent wheezing and without hospitalization after starting ICS; Group 4, allergic infants without wheezing). The relationship between IgG subclasses, especially IgG4, and recurrent wheezing resistant to ICS and requiring multiple hospitalizations in infants was examined.ResultsThe serum IgG, IgM, IgA, IgG1, IgG2, and IgG3 levels did not differ significantly among the four groups. The IgG4 level in Group 2 infants (3.1 ± 0.2 mg/dl) was significantly lower than in Groups 1, 3, and 4 (9.9 ± 8.0, 8.4 ± 6.1, and 23.4 ± 18.0 mg/dl). Of the 16 infants in Group 2, 10 could be followed to age 6 years. Nine of them had no recurrent wheezing at 6 years without medication. In addition, their IgG4 levels at age 6 years (16.1 ± 7.1 mg/dl) were significantly increased from those in infancy (3.0 ± 0.1 mg/dl).ConclusionA transient low IgG4 level in infancy might cause recurrent wheezing and/or asthmatic symptoms in infants, and it may be one of the types of early transient wheezing.
Including parameterized error covariance in local ensemble solvers: Experiments in a 1D model with balance constraints
Authors: Frolov Sergey , Whitaker Jeffrey S. , Draper Clara 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLack of efficient ways to include parameterized error covariance in ensemble‐based local volume solvers (e.g. the local ensemble‐transform Kalman filter – the LETKF) remains an outstanding problem in data assimilation. Here, we describe two new algorithms: GETKF‐OI and LETKF‐OI. These algorithms are similar to the traditional optimal interpolation (OI) algorithm in that they use parameterized error covariance to update each of the local volume solutions. However, unlike the traditional OI that scales poorly as the number of observations increases, the new algorithms achieve linear scalability by using either the observational‐space localization strategy of the traditional LETKF algorithm or the modulated ensembles of the gain‐form (GETKF) algorithm. In our testing with a simple one‐dimensional univariate system, we find that the GETKF‐OI algorithm can recover the exact solution within the truncation bounds of the modulated ensemble and the LETKF‐OI algorithm achieves a close approximation to the exact solution. We also demonstrate how to extend GETKF‐OI algorithm to a toy multivariate system with balance constraints.