bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pleomorphic Adenoma of Neck: Case Report
Authors: Shukla Deepankar , Bhola Nitin 
Published: January 2022

Pleomorphic adenomas are benign tumour of the salivary glands that mostly affect the parotid gland. The tumor's "pleomorphic" form can be explained by its epithelial and connective tissue origins. Females between the ages of 30 and 50 are more likely to get the tumour. The tumour usually presents as asymptomatic swelling that progresses slowly. The majority of treatment is surgical removal of the tumour mass, with special attention paid to preserving the facial nerve. This is a case report of a 42-year-old female patient who had a pleomorphic adenoma of the submandibular gland. On the right side of the face, the patient had a slowly growing asymptomatic swelling. Pleomorphic adenoma is the commonest salivary gland tumor characterized by diverse histomorphological features. Early diagnosis and treatment plan entails thorough history taking, clinical examination, coupled with radiographic and histopathological findings.
A Comparison of the Effects of Spinal Anaesthesia between Sitting and Lateral Positions in Patients Undergoing Hysterectomy Surgery
Authors: Morje Karan , Debnath Manna , Ahmad Akhlaque , Ojha Santosh 
Published: January 2022

Aim: The main purpose of this present study is to determine the effects of sitting (S) and lateral (L) position during spinal anaesthesia on patient satisfaction, Post dural puncture headache (PDPH), Post-Operative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV).
Study Design: Prospective comparative study
Place and Duration of Study: Charusat Healthcare and Research foundation (CHRF), Changa, Gujarat, between September 2021 to November 2021.
Methodology: A total of 50 female volunteers who were above the age of 18 years, had an American Society of Anaesthesiologist (ASA) status of I & II and those who have undergone hysterectomy surgery are included in this study. The patients were categorized into two groups, group S (n=25) and group L (n=25). Patients were asked about PONV 4 hours after surgery and the possibility of PDPH on post-operative days 1 and 2. The study was analysed by using descriptive statistics, chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis test.
Results: When comparing the incidence of PDPH on post-operative day 1 and day 2, there is a statistically significant difference between the Sitting (group S) and Lateral decubitus (group L) groups (P-value= 0.14 and.001). On the other hand, there is no statistical significant difference found for PONV when compared between both the groups (P- value= .776).
Conclusion: Spinal anaesthesia with lateral decubitus position has better outcomes than sitting position for the incidence of Post dural puncture headache. However, there is no difference in both groups for PONV.
Evaluating the Quality of Life in Oral Sub Mucous Fibrosis Patients by WHOQLF-Brief Questionnaire: A Study Protocol
Authors: Talatule Dhiran , Sathawane Ramhari , Gaikwad Romita , Chandak Rakhi , Sayyad Ayesha , Deshmukh Pranada , Sukhdeve Vidyarjan , Thakare Pranali , Singh Simranjeet 
Published: January 2022

Background: - Oral Submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic insidious inflammatory disease which presents with the clinical presentation of burning sensation, fibrosis which ultimately leads to reduced mouth opening. The quality of life is the perception of an individual on their oral health as well as their well-being. The assessment of quality of life in the patients with OSMF plays an important role in the cessation of the habit.
Aim: - To analyse the quality of life in patients diagnosed with Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF).
Study Design: - Cross-Sectional Study
Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study will be conducted on 300 diagnosed patients of OSMF. Selection of patients will be done as per the inclusion criteria. The nature and Purpose of the study will be explained to the patients before the data collection.
Results: The results will be evaluated by the statistician after the data collection and the results will be published in the peer reviewed journals.

Improvement in the quality of life in OSMF patients.
Knowledge and awareness regarding the consequences of betelnut in the population of Central India.
Case Report of Maggot Infestation on Diabetic Foot Ulcer
Authors: Menaka K. , Jacob Elsa , Kalpana Gladys , Sivakumar T. , Rao Noveena , Devi R. B. Chithra 
Published: January 2022

Myiasis is originated from the Greek word, Miya, which means fly. Fly larva are called maggots. Infestation in humans by maggots is called myiasis. Fly maggots feed on and develop in the tissues of living beings and this condition is known as myasis. The maggot (larvae) invades the skin and subcutaneous tissue is known as Maggot infestation. It was found that farmers who are working in agricultural fields are more susceptible to this infestation. Myiasis symptoms may vary according to the fly type, the number of larvae, and the location of the infected area. Many organs can be infested by these larvae and the most common form is cutaneous myasis. The predisposing factors of cutaneous myasisare cutaneous immobilization, advanced age, poor social conditions, mental retardation, diabetes mellitus, alcoholism, vascular occlusive disease, and infected dermatitis as myiasis. Myiasis is more common in tropical and subtropical countries, especially in rural regions where people are in close contact with animals.Myiasisrepresents the fourth most common travel-associated skin disease. Here we report case on 55-year-old female patient was admitted with complaints of diabetic foot ulcer over left foot for 1 and half months and maggots were examined in the wound. The complete blood cell count [CBC] test shows that her HbA1c level was increased to 10.1%. The patient has undergone wound debridement on left forefoot and maggots were completely removed.
Periodic Table of Immunomodulatory Elements and Derived Two‐Dimensional Biomaterials
Authors: Rafieerad Alireza , Saleth Leena Regi , Khanahmadi Soofia , Amiri Ahmad , Alagarsamy Keshav Narayan , Dhingra Sanjiv 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPeriodic table of chemical elements serves as the foundation of material chemistry, impacting human health in many different ways. It contributes to the creation, growth, and manipulation of functional metallic, ceramic, metalloid, polymeric, and carbon‐based materials on and near an atomic scale. Recent nanotechnology advancements have revolutionized the field of biomedical engineering to tackle longstanding clinical challenges. The use of nano‐biomaterials has gained traction in medicine, specifically in the areas of nano‐immunoengineering to treat inflammatory and infectious diseases. Two‐dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have been found to possess high bioactive surface area and compatibility with human and mammalian cells at controlled doses. Furthermore, these biomaterials have intrinsic immunomodulatory properties, which is crucial for their application in immuno‐nanomedicine. While significant progress has been made in understanding their bioactivity and biocompatibility, the exact immunomodulatory responses and mechanisms of these materials are still being explored. Current work outlines an innovative “immunomodulatory periodic table of elements” beyond the periodic table of life, medicine, and microbial genomics and comprehensively reviews the role of each element in designing immunoengineered 2D biomaterials in a group‐wise manner. It recapitulates the most recent advances in immunomodulatory nanomaterials, paving the way for the development of new mono, hybrid, composite, and hetero‐structured biomaterials.
A Novel Protein NLRP12‐119aa that Prevents Rhabdovirus Replication by Disrupting the RNP Complex Formation
Authors: Zheng Weiwei , Zhu Xiangxiang , Zhu Tongtong , Luo Qiang , Zhao Yan , Xu Tianjun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe accurate assembly of the ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex is fundamental for the replication and transcription of rhabdoviruses, which are known for their broad pathogenic impact. A novel 119‐amino‐acid protein, NLRP12‐119aa is identified, encoded by the circular RNA circNLRP12, that effectively disrupts the formation of rhabdovirus RNP complexes through two distinct mechanisms and significantly reduces their replication. NLRP12‐119aa exhibits a strong affinity for the conserved 18‐nucleotide sequence at the start of the leader RNA of rhabdoviruses VSV, SCRV, and RABV, outcompeting their native N protein interactions, thereby disrupting the assembly of RNP complexes and inhibiting viral replication. NLRP12‐119aa exerts anti‐rhabdoviral effects by directly binding to the viral N protein, leading to its destabilization and accelerated degradation, and consequently hindering the formation of the viral RNP complex. To assess the therapeutic potential of circNLRP12 against rhabdovirus infections, a zebrafish model of VSV infection is established and noted a substantial reduction in viral load after‐treatment with circNLRP12, as well as the recovery of spleen's to a normalized state from its previously enlarged and hemorrhagic state. Collectively, these findings elucidate a novel dual anti‐RNP assembly strategy mediated by NLRP12‐119aa, offering valuable insights for further exploration and clinical management of rhabdoviral infections.
A Missense Variant in the IKZF2 Gene Identified in a Genetically Undiagnosed Family With Hearing Loss
Authors: Zhang Teng , Li Qiang , Wang Hanjun , Sun Shuping , Xu Hongen 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTHearing loss is one of the conditions characterized by a high degree of genetic heterogeneity, and whole exome sequencing (WES) serves as a key method for identifying pathogenic variants. To date, 155 genes have been reported to be associated with nonsyndromic hearing loss. Recently, a study by Velde et al. found that the IKZF2 (OMIM#606234) gene is associated with nonsyndromic hearing loss. In our cohort of nearly 300 patients with undiagnosed hearing loss who underwent WES, we discovered a case harboring a variant in the IKZF2 gene, specifically c.485A > C (NM_001387220.1). By investigating the patient's family history and hearing conditions, we subsequently employed Sanger sequencing to validate our findings within the family, confirming that this patient's pathogenic variant is indeed in the IKZF2 gene. Our case provides further robust evidence supporting the association of IKZF2 with nonsyndromic hearing loss.
Secupyritines A‐C, Three Natural Propellane Securinega Alkaloids: Structure Elucidation and Total Synthesis Based on Biogenetic Building Blocks
Authors: Qin Guan‐Qiu , Wang Gui‐Yang , Shen Qin‐Cheng , Yu Wen‐Hua , Song Jian‐Guo , Huang Xiao‐Jun , Dong Lu , Wu Zhen‐Long , Ye Wen‐Cai , Hu Li‐Jun , Wang Ying 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSecupyritines A‐C are unique polycyclic Securinega alkaloids isolated from medicinal plant Flueggea suffruticosa. They feature a distinctive 6/6/6/5/6 fused pentacyclic ring system with a highly strained 2‐oxa‐6‐aza[4.4.3]propellane core. Their structures with absolute configurations were elucidated through a comprehensive approach involving nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations, and total synthesis. The total synthesis of secupyritines A‐C was achieved in 14 or 16 steps, employing a synthesis strategy based on biogenetic building blocks. Key elements of the synthetic procedures include a vinylogous Mannich‐type reaction to construct the sp3‐sp2 attached‐ring system, a Suzuki coupling reaction to build the piperidine ring, and an intramolecular aza‐Michael addition reaction to establish the propellane skeleton. Formal asymmetric synthesis of secupyritines A‐C was also presented.
Electrocatalytic Micelle‐Driven Hydrodefluorination for Accessing Unprotected Monofluorinated Indoles
Authors: Kaur Karanjeet , Mandal Raki , Walensky Justin R. , Gallou Fabrice , Handa Sachin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractToxic organic solvents and electrolytes, traditionally indispensable for electro‐organic synthesis, are now being reconsidered. In developing more sustainable electro‐organic synthesis, we've harnessed the aqueous micelles as solvents and electrolyte‐like structures when deformed under an electric field. The technology is showcased in synthetically highly valued hydrodefluorination reactions of difluorinated indoles. This mild electrosynthetic method produces monofluorinated unprotected indole scaffolds. Our approach minimizes waste and enhances atom economy, reducing reliance on expensive and hazardous solvents and electrolytes. The surfactant's potential for recycling was verified for two cycles. Cyclic voltammetry analysis has corroborated that PS‐750‐M micelles in water establish a more efficient platform for hydrodefluorination. Our technology simplifies the production of monofluorinated indoles, which are crucial for many drug‐like molecules.
A systems perspective on child abuse and neglect: If we care about the child, care for the birth family
Authors: Segal Leonie 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA commitment by policymakers and practitioners to the best interests of the child is uncontroversial. The child's right to be with their birth family is enshrined in the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, unless ‘separation is necessary for the best interests of the child’ (Article 9). But how do we understand 'best interests of the child'? Does this encompass only childhood or extend across life? Can 'best interest' be determined by ideology or principles alone? How does the permanency principle interact with best interest? For children exposed to serious abuse or neglect and removed, will ‘locking‐in’ long‐term care arrangements yield best outcomes in childhood, adolescence, adulthood, parenthood? Should reunification be prioritised? In this opinion piece, I argue that evidence must inform understandings of whether specific child and family support strategies are likely to do more good than harm and that this must consider the child's full life trajectory, including parenting capacity—the driver of intergenerational outcomes—and pay attention to the entire family. In the context of child removal, support and healing for the parent—with the possibility for reunification—will enhance the wellbeing of the entire family, including the removed child and any siblings (including those yet to be born). To achieve the desired response, budget allocations must be aligned with aims. In Australia, budget allocations massively favour child removal over intensive support for birth family, and also favour spending to address the harmful consequences of child abuse and neglect rather than disrupt the harm cascade. A refocus on birth family is critical. Treating birth parents with compassion is a good idea for the child, for the family, for society and the budget bottom line.
Research progress of CO2 absorbent in postcombustion capture process
Authors: Gao Youkun , Ning Chenjun , Liu Longjie , Ye Yi , Tian Sida , Zhao Xinglei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractExcessive emissions of greenhouse gases, particularly carbon dioxide (CO2), are the primary culprits behind the phenomenon of global warming, and reducing CO2 emissions has become the primary global concern for all countries. CO2 capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology is a key strategy in achieving the goals of the dual carbon strategy, and carbon capture is one of the most critical technology links. However, the development of chemical absorbents have been hindered by these problems such as poor absorption rate, low absorption capacity, poor stability, high energy consumption for regeneration, and high recovery cost. Therefore, how to realize the development and industrial application of CO2 chemical absorbents with efficient capture and low energy consumption for regeneration is an extremely severe challenge to be broken through at present. Herein, the current research progress of chemical absorbents is summarized and discussed in depth, which focuses on the absorption mechanism, absorption performance, advantages, and disadvantages of various absorbents. Subsequently, the existing problems and corresponding solutions for the research system are pointed out. Finally, the future development direction of absorbents is prospected.
Assessing the Integrity of N95 Mask Elastomer Straps With Decontamination and Reuse
Authors: Pelse Ian , Seibers Zach D. , Reynolds John R. , Shofner Meisha L. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe rapid progression of the COVID‐19 pandemic revealed an inability to meet increased demand for N95 respirators. These respirators are designed to be used once and disposed, but throughout the pandemic, there was a need for their decontamination and reuse. This research investigates the effect of various decontamination methods on the chemical and mechanical properties of N95 mask straps made of natural rubber to explore how these straps change after decontamination and what materials characterization techniques are well‐suited to evaluate these changes. Using results from ozone decontamination, tensile testing of mask strap assemblies is identified as the most reliable way to quantify changes in strap properties with decontamination and reuse when compared to other analytical techniques. Additionally, visible strap degradation often precedes both strap failure and material property changes and can be a reasonable indicator to discontinue use. Aside from ozone, decontamination with other methods such as heat and UV light appears to be less damaging to the tested materials. Beyond the specific results presented, this study provides insight on testing strategies that can be employed to move forward with evaluating new materials and decontamination methods for use in future pandemics or in more resource‐limited regions.
Assessment of the Relaxation Time Under Controlled Shear Flow by Rheo‐Optical Characterization
Authors: Bernardo Felipe , Canevarolo Sebastião 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAn attempt to study the relaxation characteristics of some polymers during a controlled shear flow is described in this paper. In polymers, optical properties can be used to estimate morphological changes under flow and, for this reason, are a trustful tool to evaluate relaxation time. This experiment consists of varying the shear rate imposed on polymeric systems of polystyrene (PS), polypropylene (PP), and high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) while collecting the light signal isothermally at distinct temperatures. Then, birefringence is evaluated via an own built optical sensor by measuring the transmitted light intensity with crossed polarizers. Temperatures from 180°C to 220°C are performed and shear rates between 3 and 180 s−1 are imposed on the samples in agreement with the rates implemented in a previous rheological characterization. Each polymer shows characteristic values of birefringence that intensify with the increase in shear imposed by the system. The relaxation time is directly influenced by temperature and shear, decreasing for higher shear rates and temperatures. The relaxation time values found with our optical apparatus are validated by rheometric measurements. The values in both techniques are very similar in the proposed range of temperature, showing the effectiveness of the technique detailed in this article.
Green‐Synthesized Zinc Oxide/Polyvinyl Alcohol /Cashew Gum/Polypyrrole Nanocomposites With Enhanced Mechanical, Thermal, and Electrical Properties for Nanoelectronics
Authors: Kalladi Ayisha Jemshiya , Ramesan M. T. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this study, ternary blend nanocomposites were synthesized through a green in situ polymerization process, utilizing zinc oxide (ZnO) nanofillers into a polyvinyl alcohol/cashew gum/polypyrrole (PVA/CG/PPy) matrix. The optical, morphological, structural, thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties of these nanocomposites were comprehensively analyzed using UV–visible spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, FE‐SEM, TGA, and DSC. The findings revealed strong interactions between PVA, CG, PPy, and ZnO, with the uniform growth of spherical ZnO nanoparticles within the blend. Increasing ZnO content led to a reduction in optical bandgap energy, reaching 3.375 eV at its minimum. XRD revealed an intensified ZnO signal in the nanocomposites with higher ZnO concentrations. Thermal stability (TGA) and glass transition temperature (DSC) improved with increasing ZnO content, signifying strong interfacial adhesion between ZnO and the PVA/CG/PPy blend matrix. The nanocomposites also exhibited enhanced AC electrical conductivity and dielectric properties compared to the pristine blend. Notably, the dielectric constant, dielectric loss, and impedance decreased with rising temperature. Mechanical properties improved with a 39.6% increase in tensile strength at 3 wt% ZnO loading. ZnO was identified as an optimal nanofiller at 3 wt%, enhancing mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties, making these nanocomposites promising candidates for eco‐friendly, robust, and efficient nanoelectronic devices.
Heterodimeric Ciliary Dynein f/I1 Adopts a Distinctive Structure, Providing Insight Into the Autoinhibitory Mechanism Common to the Dynein Family
Authors: Lei Yici , Fukunaga Akira , Imai Hiroshi , Yamamoto Ryosuke , Shimo‐Kon Rieko , Kamimura Shinji , Mitsuoka Kaoru , Kato‐Minoura Takako , Yagi Toshiki , Kon Takahide 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDyneins are huge motor protein complexes that are essential for cell motility, cell division, and intracellular transport. Dyneins are classified into three major subfamilies, namely cytoplasmic, intraflagellar‐transport (IFT), and ciliary dyneins, based on their intracellular localization and functions. Recently, several near‐atomic resolution structures have been reported for cytoplasmic/IFT dyneins. In contrast, the structures of ciliary dyneins, as well as their regulatory mechanisms, have yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we isolated a heterodimeric ciliary dynein (IDA‐f/I1) from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a ciliated green alga, and studied its structure in the presence or absence of ATP by negative‐stain electron microscopy and single‐particle analysis. Surprisingly, a population of IDA‐f adopted a distinctive compact structure, which has been scarcely reported for ciliary dyneins but is very similar to the “phi‐particle” structure widely recognized as the autoinhibited/inactivated conformation for cytoplasmic/IFT dyneins. Our results suggest that the inactivation mechanism of dimeric dyneins is conserved in all three dynein subfamilies, regardless of their cellular functions, highlighting the intriguing intrinsic regulatory mechanism that may have been acquired at an early stage in the evolution of dynein motors.
Roads diverged in a wood: Proteins and RNAs encoded by cytochrome b (CYTB) gene in health and disease
Authors: Du Cijie , Chen Baodan , Huang Yile , Liang Wenxi , Su Ying Hua , Liu Xingguo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundThe cytochrome b (CYTB) gene, a crucial component of the mitochondrial genome, plays a multifaceted role in cellular metabolism, energy production and various biological processes.Main bodyIt is well known that the CYTB gene encodes a subunit of complex III in the electron transport chain, which is vital for the oxidative phosphorylation process and ATP generation. Various studies report that the CYTB gene not only encodes a core protein in the mitochondrial respiratory chain but also produces a long non‐coding RNA called lncCYTB, which participates in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Inspiringly, a study has recently revealed that the CYTB gene also encodes a novel 187 amino acid long polypeptide, CYTB‐187AA, a mitochondrial DNA‐encoded protein produced by cytosolic translation and important for early mammalian development.ConclusionThis review will provide insight into the functional and expression properties of the CYTB gene, as well as its unique non‐coding RNA signature, and describe the diseases associated with the CYTB gene, ranging from mitochondrial dysfunction to more complex genetic disorders.