bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
الصورة اللونية في شعر فتيان الشاغوري
Authors: AL-Wa'ily Kholoud Hashim Juhi 
Published: November 2022

من عجائب الخلق الإلهي وأسراره تنوع الألوان والأشكال والأجناس، ويظهر هذا التباين في ألوان الكون والطبيعة إلى تباين كلّ خلق من المخلوقات، وقد انعكست هذه المظاهر التي كان لها الحضور الواسع والمهيمن ، فضلاً عن المصادر الأخر التي تمثلت بالمرأة والخمرة والشّيب والحروب وأدواتها على مخيلة فتيان الشاغوري الشعرية ، فأنتج أروع الصور الشعرية اللونية، وقد أظهر الشاعر هذه الألوان في جماليات مثارة عبر الرمز والإيحاء دلالةً على معاني متعددة تؤدي إلى تداعيات لونية تكثيفية ترسم معانٍ جميلة ، وفي صور هذا التكثيف يجدها القارئ مرةً توافق ما هو متعارف في حياة الناس ، وأخرى يذكرها الشاعر في مفارقات فنية جميلة غير معهودة دلالاتها إلا من خلال صورة مكثّفة يكون اللون النقطة الأساس فيها ، وتمتد عنهُ ايحاءات دلالية فنية متنوعة، بالإضافة إلى ذلك كانت الأساليب البلاغية تتعاضد مجتمعةً في تشكيل هذه الصور، ولاسيّما التشبيه والجناس والكناية والاستعارة ولاسيّما الاستعارة المكنية ، وما أضفتهُ من رؤى تشخيصية وتجسيمية كان لها أثر واضح في صورهِ .
الإشكالية العقدية
Authors: Ali Hussein Dhoha 
Published: November 2022

الحمد لله رب العالمين، والصلاة والسلام على سيد الأنام وآله الأطهار، وبعد، فإن للعقيدة أثراً محوريا في بناء الفرد والجماعة نظرا وسلوكا؛ فهي – أي: العقيدة - إذا كانت فاسدة، فسيظهر على أفعال المعتقدين بها مساوئ، وأضرار؛ ومن هنا تبرز الحاجة إلى التربية العقائدية، وإن هناك وسائل وكيفيات متنوعة لتمرير العقيدة إلى أذهان المعتقدين بها، منها الأدوات والتقنيات المبنية على الحداثة، وما بعدها، وأخرى تنتهج طريقة التركيز على التراث مع الحفاظ على صورة الخطاب المنسجم مع اللغة المعاصرة، وقد اخترت النوع الأخير في بحثي، الذي اعتمدت فيه على من علمه رسول الله ألف باب من العلم؛ ليشقَّ منها آلاف الأبواب المعرفية، فكان نهج البلاغة لأمير المؤمنين u (هو عينة بحثي)، وعليه قسمت بحثي على مطالب: أولها: عن استيعاب العقيدة بشكل سليم، وثانيها: عن إشكالية التجسيم، وثالثها: عن إشكاليات تخص الملائكة، ثم جاءت الخاتمة وقائمة المصادر، والحمد لله رب العالمين.
نصوص (naptanu) من العصر البابلي القديم
Authors: Salman Fahd  Saad 
Published: November 2022

تنوعت مواضيع ومضامين النصوص في الكتابات المسمارية ولاسيما نصوص العصر البابلي القديم، فقد زخرت نصوص هذا العصر بتنوع المواضيع والتي شملت المواضيع الادبية والدينية، فضلاً عن الاقتصادية التي هي مجال بحثنا الذي يقوم على دراسة مجموعة من نصوص مسمارية متعلقة بـنوع من انواع الوجبات أو الحصص الغذائية المعروفة باللغة الأكدية في اللفظة naptanu التي تعني "حصة طعام أو وجبة طعام ", وفي الدلالة الادبية بمعنى " المأدبة" او "الوجبة الفاخرة", يقابلها في اللغة السومرية المصطلحات :NIG2.DU , KIN.SIG , BUR (CAD,N1,P.319).
Feasibility of thoracic CT in assessing anemia for aplastic anemia patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Chen Dandan , Guo Yuan , Liu Weifeng , Yuan Zhaohu , Mo Wenjian , Wei Xinhua 
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND: Anemia is an important clinical symptom for aplastic anemia (AA) patients who are suffered with peripheral pancytopenia. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the accuracy of diagnosing anemia with non-invasive chest computed tomography (CT) for AA patients. METHODS: The CT attenuation of left ventricular (LV) cavity and interventricular septum (IVS) on unenhanced thoracic CT images of AA patients are retrospectively analyzed, including 84 AA patients in pre-transplant and 1-month ( n = 82), 2-month ( n = 72), 3-month ( n = 75), 6-month ( n = 74) and 12-month ( n = 70) followed patients in post-transplant. The difference (IVS-LV) and ratio (LV/IVS) of the CT attenuation between LV cavity and interventricular septum are calculated. Serum hemoglobin is estimated within 24 hours of CT imaging. The CT attenuations of IVS-LV and LV/IVS are correlated with hemoglobin, and their variation tendency is analyzed during the treatment of a-HSCT. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis is then performed for the diagnosis of anemia. RESULTS: The CT attenuations of IVS-LV and LV/IVS well correlate with hemoglobin ( r = –0.618 and 0.628, respectively, P <  0.001). The variation tendency of IVS-LV and LV/IVS is similar to that of hemoglobin with opposite directions during one-year follow-up of a-HSCT. When a threshold of CT attenuation of IVS-LV and LV/IVS is set at 11.5HU and 0.77, respectively, both the sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing anemia are good (74.7% and 73.8% in CT attenuation of IVS-LV; 77.4% and 70.4% in LV/LVS, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Both CT attenuation of LV/IVS and IVS-LV had similar accuracy in diagnosing anemia for AA patients. The non-invasive chest CT can offer a new possibility to complementarily evaluate anemia for AA patients in the diagnostic radiology reports.
PENGARUH FDR DAN NPF TERHADAP ROA BANK UMUM SYARIAH INDONESIA 2017-2020
Authors: Nisa Thoyibatun , Anita Lella , Carmidah Carmidah 
Published: November 2022

The high and low FDR and NPF is a risk to profitability. If he FDR is lower then the bank's effectiveness in channeling credit is lower, while the higher NPF will result in a decreased ROA and the company's profit income will decrease. This study aims to determine the effect of FDR and NPF on ROA at Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia for the 2017-2020 period. This research is a quantitative research with secondary data of 14 Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia. The data analysis technique in this study used the SPSS program. V.22 with descriptive analysis method, classical assumption test and hypothesis test to see and assess performance based on ROA, FDR, and NPF. The results of this study indicate that FDR and NPF partially have no significant effect on ROA. FDR and NPF have an effect of 57.2% on ROA, while 42.8%are influenced by other variables.
The holy trinity of transition: liberalization, privatization, and stabilization
Authors: Popov Vladimir 
Published: November 2022

The debate between shock therapists and gradualists that centered on the issue of the pace of liberalization, privatization and stabilization overlooked the crucial importance of institutions for economic growth. The magnitude of the decline (transformational recession) was determined mostly by the initial conditions (distortions in industrial structure and trade patterns), by the weakening of the institutional capacity of the state, and by the better or worse macroeconomic and industrial policies. On all three counts most FSU countries fell behind EE states and hence experienced poorer performance.

The weakening of the state institutional capacity was especially pronounced in _illiberal democracies_ - countries with poor tradition of the rule of law (CIS) undergoing rapid democratization. In this sense early democratization incurred high economic and social costs and was detrimental to growth, since it limited the ability of the poor-rule-of-law-states to ensure property rights, contracts and reasonable business climate and order in general.

With respect to more traditional issues of the reform process (industrial policy and macroeconomic stabilization) post-communist FSU countries do not appear to be unique – traditional theories of the political economy of reform seem to be perfectly applicable. The CIS model of economic transformation appears to be close to the Latin American one: weak state, unable neither to eliminate redistribution in favor of inefficient enterprises and sectors of the economy, nor to carry out this redistribution openly, and thus resorting to hidden redistribution (inflation tax, debt financing, price controls, overvalued exchange rate, accumulation of non-payments by non-competitive industries).
POLA PEMBELAJARAN TAUHID DALAM PENGAMALAN TAREKAT TIJANIYAH DI PONDOK PESANTREN AL-MUHAJIRIN KOBA- BANGKA TENGAH
Authors: Dewi Ratna 
Published: November 2022

The Tijaniyah Order is a unique and controversial order. Owned This tarekat is called the sanad bazakhiyah, because the lineage is directly from the founder to the Prophet Muhammad without intermediary friends or tabi'in. The founder of the Tijaniyah order was Sheikh Ahmad al-Tijani, he was born in 'Ainul Maadly (name of a Qariyah) in the city of Maghrabil Aqsa (Morocco) in 1150 H. At Ahmad Tijani's meeting with Sheikh Ahmad bin Abdullah al-Hindi, a Sheikh from India in Mecca at the age of 37, he then went to Medina and met Sheikh Muhammad al-Samman, the founder of the Sammaniyah order and from this, according to Azyumardi Azra in his research, that his meeting with Shaykh Samman greatly encouraged Ahmad Tijani to establish the Tijaniyah order. Related to this problem, it is necessary to investigate which in this study is about: “Tawhid Learning Patterns in the Practice of the Tijaniyah Order at Al-Muhajirin-Koba Islamic Boarding School, Bangka Belitung. Related to the problem of the Tijaniyah tarekat, namely: first, how is the pattern of learning monotheism at the Al-Muhjirin Islamic Boarding School in Koba-Bangka Belitung?. Second, how are the forms of amaliyah of the Tijaniyah Order at the Al-Muhajirin-Koba Islamic Boarding School, Bangka Belitung? This research uses descriptive qualitative research. This study aims to describe several things which include the process of entering the Tijaniyah order and the form of monotheism learning and practice in the Tijaniyah congregation, especially at the Al-Muhjirin Islamic Boarding School. From this research, several conclusions were drawn about: learning patterns to convey monotheism material taught at the Muhajirin Islamic Boarding School such as: “the bandongan system or wetonan system, and the sorogan system. But besides that it also uses the halaqah method, lectures, memorization, question and answer and example. Meanwhile, in the practice of the Tijaniyah congregation at the Al-Muhajirin Islamic Boarding School, through the practices or remembrance, namely: reading intentions, common wirid (morning and evening), namely: saying istighfar 100 times, reading the Prophet's prayers 100 times, reading "Laa ilaa hailallah as much as 100 times. Then wirid wazifah consists of: saying istighfar as much as 30 times, reading shalawat fatih as much as 50 times, and reading Jauharatul kamal as much as 12 times. And then read the remembrance of hailallah Friday.
“Framing” Kandinsky’s Painting with Red Spot (1914)
Authors: Mia Reich  
Published: November 2022

In contemporary museum studies discourse, scholars have begun to reexamine both the role of the curator and exhibition space in their joint effect on visitor experience. Underpinning the relationship of these three parties is the element of language, or more commonly known within this discipline, the wall label. This label intrinsically “frames” its adjacent artwork as it proposes a certain narrative, one that is crafted by curators and communicates ideas and themes deemed important by its writers. However, what about art that eludes one singular interpretation, such as abstraction? Could proposing an exclusive narrative be detrimental to the multiplicity of meaning that abstract art promotes?
Considering these issues, this paper examines Painting with Red Spot (1914) by Wassily Kandinsky and its current “framing” at the Centre Pompidou in Paris to analyze both the relationship between language, abstraction and meaning making, and the complicated role of artist intent that accompanies exhibiting Kandinsky. This paper argues that “framing” Kandinsky’s P.W.R.S in relation to the artist’s contradictory embrace of kitsch in 1914 will provide a framework for his stylistic experiments at this time in his career, offering the proper stepping-stones to encourage contemplation while still leaving room for a multiplicity of meaning.
Effect Of Sowing Date On Fibre Yield And Yield Attributes Of Advanced Breeding Line O-0412-9-4 And O- 043-7-9 Of Tossa Jute (Corchorus Olitorius L.)
Authors: Ferdous J , Hossain MS , Sarker MY , Alim MA , Islam MM 
Published: November 2022

The experiment was conducted at Jute Agriculture Experimental Station (JAES), Manikganj and Jute Research Sub Station (JRSS), Jashore during 2019- 2020 to determine the optimum sowing date of advanced breeding line O-0412-9-4, O-043-7-9 of tossa jute and BJRI Tossa Pat 5 (O-795) used as control. The experiment was laid-out in factorial RCBD with three replications. Crops were sown on four different dates viz., 30 March, 15 April, 30 April and 15 May as treatment variables. Plants were harvested at 120 days after sowing. All crops were given normal cultural practices. Results showed that advanced breeding line O-0412-9-4 and O-043-7-9 sown on 30 March to 10 April gave significantly higher fibre yield of 3.11 and 3.04 t ha-1, respectively) at Manikganj and 3.13 and 3.11 t ha-1, respectively at and Jashore.
Bangladesh Agron. J. 2022, 25(1): 1-6
Salt Stress Tolerance and Germination Performance Of Mungbean Genotypes Under Salt Stress
Authors: Kobir MS , Ali MO , Hossain J , Alam MS , Rahman M , Ahammad KU , Hajong P , Paul S 
Published: November 2022

Sea level rising, as a result of global warming, is a major threat to crop production; because inclusion of saline water in crop land limits the crop production. So, an experiment was undertaken to evaluate some mungbean genotypes under different levels of salt stresses in germination stage. The experiment was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Jashore during Rabi 2020-2021. The seeds of seven mungbean genotypes viz. BARI Mung-6, BARI Mung-8, BMXKI-112004-3, BMXKI- 112009-21, MMAT-V07, BMMP-201524 and BMMP-201506 were collected from different sources. This experiment was conducted following factorial completely randomized design (CRD) with two replications. The experimental factors were i) mungbean genotypes (seven) and ii) salt stress (three levels: 0, 4 and 8 dSm-1). The results showed that mungbean var. BARI Mung-6 at 0 dSm-1 and 4 dSm-1 showed highest value in case of germination index (9), germination percentage (100%), co-efficient of germination (40), vigor index (1950) and lowest value in case of mean germination time (2.5). BARI Mung-8 at 0 dS m-1 showed the inverse results. Genotype BMXKI-112009- 21, MMAT-V07 and BMMP-201524 at 4 dSm-1 and in some extent in 8 dSm-1 showed highest value in case of germination stress tolerance index, plant height stress index, root length stress index, shoot fresh weight stress index, root fresh weight stress index, shoot dry weight stress index and in root dry weight stress index. The lowest values in these parameters were found in BARI Mung-8 at 8 dSm-1 salt stress. BARI Mung-6, MMATV07, BMXKI-112009-21 and BMMP-201524 genotypes were found to be more tolerant to salt stress than rest of the genotypes in germination stage.
Bangladesh Agron. J. 2022, 25(1): 57-65
Germination and Growth Performance of Seedlings Of Ascorbic Acid, Silicon and Gibberellic Acid Treated Secondary Seed of Wheat Under Salt Stress
Authors: Islam S , Biswas PK , Amin AKMR , Fujita M , Paul AK , Mahmud JA , Hasanuzzaman M 
Published: November 2022

Considering the effect of salt stress on morph-physiological and biochemical changes of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. var. BARI Gom-26) as well as mitigation of the adverse effect through exogenous application of Ascorbic Acid (AsA), Silicon (Si) and Gibberellic Acid (GA3), the experiment was conducted at Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. In the field experiment, four levels of salt stress (0, 50, 80, 120 mM NaCl) were applied at 20 days after sowing and grown up to harvest. AsA (2 mM ascorbic acid), Si (200 μM SiO2), GA3 (100 μM gibberellic acid) were applied as foliar spraying at 20 days interval. Seeds were collected from the field experiment which used as secondary seeds as planting materials for second experiment to evaluate the influence of AsA, Si and GA3 on growth performance and physiological attributes of seedlings under salt stress. Experiment revealed that AsA, Si and GA3 enhanced the germination and growth performance of seedling under salinity stress. Overall, GA3 significantly increased the seed germination (%) and seedling growth parameters, while silicon mostly improved the fresh weight and chlorophyll (a, b and a+b) and AsA showed better relative water contents with other parameters. Considering the results of experiments, GA3 performed better than the AsA and Si in mitigating salt stress.
Bangladesh Agron. J. 2022, 25(1): 115-128
Combined convective and viscous dissipation effects on peristaltic flow of Ellis fluid in non uniform tube
Authors: Channakote Mahadev M , Kalse V. Dilipkumar 
Published: November 2022

Abstract:
This paper investigates the peristaltic transport of Ellis fluid in a non-uniform tube with combined/individual effects of convective and viscous dissipation analytically. Low Reynolds number and long-wavelength approximation assumptions are considered in the analysis. An examination of the properties of the walls is also carried out. The expressions for velocity, temperature profile, and stream function are obtained subjected to convective boundary conditions. The peristaltic transport's significant characteristics are delineated with plots for various Ellis fluid parameter values. The viscous dissipation effects are found to be related to the Brinkman number, so it leads to rising fluid temperature in all cases.
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI PROGRAM DUTA WISATA BUJANG JO GADIH BUKITTINGGI SEBAGAI UPAYA PROMOSI PARIWISATA
Authors: Rival Mhd , Rahmat Agus , Setianti Yanti 
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi keberhasilan Kota Bukittinggi menjadi salah satu Nasional Geopark yang ditetapkan oleh UNESCO. Ini menjadikan Kota Bukittinggi sebagai wisata unggulan di Indonesia. Hal tersebut atas usaha Dinas Pariwisata bersama Duta Wisata Bujang jo Gadih Bukittinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui strategi komunikasi oleh Dinas Pariwisata Bukittinggi bersama Duta Wisata Bujang jo Gadih dalam usaha mempromosikan Pariwisata menggunakan paradigma post positivisme dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan metode deskriptif. Konsep yang digunakan adalah konsep strategi komunikasi dari Middleton, serta teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi dan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan Dinas Pariwisata bersama Duta Wisata Bujang jo Gadih Bukittinggi sudah memaksimalkan strategi komunikasi dengan memaksimalkan konsep dari Middleton dengan menentukan komunikator yang kompeten, menyusun pesan yang bersifat persuasif, pemanfaatan media sosial instagram untuk berinteraksi, dan menetapkan sasaran dengan menyesuaikan dengan program yang dilakukan, serta menganalisis efek atau feedback yang diperoleh.Kata kunci: strategi komunikasi, promosi, promosi pariwisata
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika pada Materi Penjumlahan dan Pengurangan Bilangan Bulat Melalui Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Make A Match pada Siswa Kelas IV SD Negeri 4 Tiworo Utara
Authors: Kaene La 
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan Hasil belajar Matematika pada materi penjumlahan dan pengurangan bilangan bulat siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 4 Tiworo Utara. Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas, di mana guru yang bertindak sebagai peneliti yang juga mengajar di kelasIV dan yang diberi tindakan dibantu oleh seorang teman sejawat yang bertindak sebagai kolaborator atau observer yang bertugas mengamati Kreativitas Guru dan siswa selama proses pembelajaran dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe A Match. Penelitian dilaksanakan di kelas IV semester 1 tahun pelajaran 2018/2019. Penelitian ini meliputi perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Kegiatan penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus yaitu siklus I dan siklus II. Pada siklus 1 ketuntasan secara klasikal adalah 72,73% atau 16 orang dari 22 siswa. Serta dengan nilai rata – rata 73,18. Sedangkan. Pada siklus 2 ketuntasan secara klasikal adalah 86,36% atau 19 orang dari 22 siswa. Serta dengan nilai rata – rata 84,09. Dengan demikian pembelajaran yang berlangsung pada siklus II ini sudah dianggap berhasil karena sudah mencapai indikator.
Penggunaan Linear Programming pada Masalahoptimasi Pemotongan Bahan Kaos Polo di PT Mgj untuk Meminimumkan Waste pada Board
Authors: Arviana Rahman Gusti 
Published: November 2022

Abstrak: Masalah yang sering dihadapi oleh suatu perusahaan garmen adalah banyaknya bahan yang terbuang pada saat pemotongan untuk membuat suatu pola pakaian. Selain itu, mayoritas perusahaan garmen hanya menggunakan satu pola saja dalam melakukan pemotongan bahan. Hal ini menyebabkan semakin banyaknya sisa kain (waste), semakin banyak permintaan yang masuk, maka waste yang terbuang juga akan ssemakin banyak. Masalah inilah yang dihadapi oleh PT MGJ, di mana pada perusahaan ini hanya menggunakan satu pola pemotongan bahan kaos polo. Ketika perusahaan garmen ini menerima order yang lebih besar, maka harus menyiapkan tambahan amparan kain lagi, padahal seharusnya hal tersebut tidak diperlukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membentuk model dengan membuat beberapa pola pemotongan kain yang sesuai dengan ukuran masing-masing kaos polo, selanjutnya dilakukan langkah untuk menghitung luasan kain yang digunakan serta total waste yang terbuang pada setiap pola. Ada 20 pola yang digunakan untuk masalah yang dihadapi oleh PT MGJ ini. Selanjutnya, setelah model diperoleh maka dilakukan penentuan solusi dengan menggunakan aplikasi Lingo. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masalah ini dapat diselesaikan dengan menggunakan linear programming khususnya menggunakan metode cutting stock probem. Di mana, pola-pola yang terpilih memenuhi deman yang diberikan serta menghasilkan waste yang minimum. Kata Kunci: linear programming, waste, garmen Abstract:The problem which is commonly faced by garment companies is too much waste in line cutting to make a dress pattern. Besides, the majority of garment companies only use one pattern when cutting materials. This causes more and more fabric waste (waste), the more demand comes in, the more waste will also be wasted. This problem is faced by PT MGJ, where the company only uses one pattern of polo shirt material cutting. When this garment company receives a larger order, it has to prepare an additional piece of cloth, even though it shouldn't be necessary. This study aims to form a model by making several patterns of cutting the fabric according to the size of each polo shirt, then steps are taken to calculate the area of the fabric used and the total waste wasted in each pattern. There are 20 patterns used for this problem faced by PT MGJ. Furthermore, after the model is obtained, a solution is determined using the Lingo application. The results showed that this problem can be solved using linear programming, especially using the cutting stock probem method. Where, the selected patterns meet the fever given and produce minimum waste. Keywords: linear programming, waste, garment
Habits of Mind Dan Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa SMPN Di Kendari
Authors: Halistin Halistin , Dedyerianto Dedyerianto , Avinah Fani 
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mendeskripsikan habits of mind siswa SMPN di Kendari. (2) mendeskripsikan hasil melajar matematika siswa SMPN di Kendari dan (3) mengkaji pengaruh habits of mind terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VII SMPN di Kendari yang berjumlah 404 siswa sedangkan sampel sebanyak 44 orang. Data hasil belajar matematika siswa diperoleh dari soal tes hasil belajar matematika dan data habits of mind siswa diperoleh dari angket habits of mind. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan inferensial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: Habits of Mind siswa SMPN di Kendari berada pada kategori sangat baik. kategori berteguh hati merupakan kategori dengan rata-rata tertinggi sebesar 3,9. Sedangkan kategori berpikir luwes merupakan kategori dengan rata-rata jawaban pernyataan terendah sebesar 3,3. Rata-rata hasil belajar matematika siswa SMPN di Kendari adalah sebesar 53,86 berada dibawah KKM. Habits of mind tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa.