bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Authenticity in Objects and Activities: Determinants of Satisfaction with Virtual Reality Experiences of Heritage and Non-Heritage Tourism Sites
Authors: Nam Kichan , Dutt Christopher S. , Baker Jeff 
Published: May 2022

AbstractVirtual Reality (VR) is becoming an increasingly important technology in a host of industries, including tourism. VR can provide virtual experiences before, during, or in lieu of real-world visits to tourism sites. Hence, providing authentic experiences is essential to satisfy guests with the site and technology. This study analyzes survey data using PLS to identify the determinants of satisfaction with non-immersive VR experiences of heritage and non-heritage tourism sites. Results from 193 subjects reveal the linkages between system quality, object-related authenticity, activity-related authenticity, and presence, as well their relationship with satisfaction.
Local is Best: Efficient Reductions to Modal Logic K
Authors: Papacchini Fabio , Nalon Cláudia , Hustadt Ullrich , Dixon Clare 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe present novel reductions of extensions of the basic modal logic $${\textsf {K} }$$
K
with axioms $$\textsf {B} $$
B
, $$\textsf {D} $$
D
, $$\textsf {T} $$
T
, $$\textsf {4} $$
4
and $$\textsf {5} $$
5
to Separated Normal Form with Sets of Modal Levels $$\textsf {SNF} _{sml}$$

SNF

sml

. The reductions typically result in smaller formulae than the reductions by Kracht. The reductions to $$\textsf {SNF} _{sml}$$

SNF

sml

combined with a reduction to $$\textsf {SNF} _{ml}$$

SNF

ml

allow us to use the local reasoning of the prover $${\text {K}_{\text {S}}}{\text {P}}$$

K
S

P

to determine the satisfiability of modal formulae in the considered logics. We show experimentally that the combination of our reductions with the prover $${\text {K}_{\text {S}}}{\text {P}}$$

K
S

P

performs well when compared with a specialised resolution calculus for these logics, the built-in reductions of the first-order prover SPASS, and the higher-order logic prover LEO-III.
Understanding unforeseen production downtimes in manufacturing processes using log data-driven causal reasoning
Authors: Hagedorn Christopher , Huegle Johannes , Schlosser Rainer 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn discrete manufacturing, the knowledge about causal relationships makes it possible to avoid unforeseen production downtimes by identifying their root causes. Learning causal structures from real-world settings remains challenging due to high-dimensional data, a mix of discrete and continuous variables, and requirements for preprocessing log data under the causal perspective. In our work, we address these challenges proposing a process for causal reasoning based on raw machine log data from production monitoring. Within this process, we define a set of transformation rules to extract independent and identically distributed observations. Further, we incorporate a variable selection step to handle high-dimensionality and a discretization step to include continuous variables. We enrich a commonly used causal structure learning algorithm with domain-related orientation rules, which provides a basis for causal reasoning. We demonstrate the process on a real-world dataset from a globally operating precision mechanical engineering company. The dataset contains over 40 million log data entries from production monitoring of a single machine. In this context, we determine the causal structures embedded in operational processes. Further, we examine causal effects to support machine operators in avoiding unforeseen production stops, i.e., by detaining machine operators from drawing false conclusions on impacting factors of unforeseen production stops based on experience.
Special entangled fermionic systems and exceptional symmetries
Authors: Lévay Péter 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSpecial fermionic systems entered the realm of quantum chemistry in the seventies in the work of Borland and Dennis in the form of a toy model. This work was leading to a detailed study of the N-representability problem by Klyachko. The topic then has been reconsidered in the light of entanglement theory boiling down to the notion of entanglement polytopes. Recently building on certain properties of such special fermionic systems, a connection between the coupled cluster method and entanglement has been established. In this paper we show that precisely such a special class of systems also provides an interesting physical realization for structures related to the Lie algebras of exceptional groups. This result draws such exotic symmetry structures under the umbrella of entangled systems of physical relevance.
MiR-103-3p promotes hepatic steatosis to aggravate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by targeting of ACOX1
Authors: Ding Jiexia , Xia Caixia , Cen Panpan , Li Siying , Yu Lifei , Zhu Jing , Jin Jie 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma, and alterations in miRNA expression are related to the development of NAFLD. However, the role of miRNAs in regulating the development of NAFLD is still poorly understood.MethodsWe used qRT-PCR to detect the level of miR-103-3p in both cell and mouse models of NAFLD. Biochemical assays, DCF-DA assays, Oil red O staining and HE staining were used to detect the role of miR-103-3p in NAFLD development. Target genes of miR-103-3p were predicted using the TargetScan database and verified by qRT-PCR, western blot and dual-luciferase assays.ResultsThe expression of miR-103-3p increased in both NAFLD model cells and liver tissues from the NAFLD mouse model. Inhibition of miR-103-3p significantly alleviated the accumulation of lipid droplets in free fatty acid-treated L02 cells and liver tissues from mice with NAFLD. Inhibition of miR-103-3p reduced the contents of H2O2, TG, ALT, and AST and ROS production while increasing the ATP content. Moreover, the miR-103-3p antagomir alleviated liver tissue lesions in mice with NAFLD. Further studies identified ACOX1, a key enzyme for the oxidation and decomposition of fatty acids, as a direct target of miR-103-3p.ConclusionsThese findings identified a negative regulatory mechanism between ACOX1 and miR-103-3p that promotes the pathogenesis of NAFLD and suggested that inhibition of miR-103-3p may be a potential treatment strategy for NAFLD.
Parameterizing Toxic Stress in Early Childhood: Maternal Depression, Maltreatment, and HPA-Axis Variation in a Pilot Intervention Study
Authors: Wagner Rachael E. , Jonson-Reid Melissa , Drake Brett , Kohl Patricia L. , Pons Laura , Zhang Yi , Fitzgerald Robert T. , Laudenslager Mark L. , Constantino John N. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAdverse experiences superseding a child’s capacity to sustain regulation of emotion and adaptive function are theorized to constitute “toxic stressors” when they induce a deleterious biological response within an individual. We ascertained presumptive parameters of toxic stress among 164 low-income infants and toddlers (ages 4–48 months) from 132 families enrolled in Early Head Start (EHS). We randomized a subset of these families into a pilot intervention arm of parenting education (the Incredible Years, TIY), which supplemented the EHS curriculum. Official report child abuse and neglect (CAN) and child behavior were serially ascertained over the course of the study. We observed relatively low associations among maternal depression, CAN, caregiver-child relationship quality, hair cortisol, and adverse child behavioral outcomes. Moreover, despite poverty and the high prevalence (51%) of CAN in this sample, the frequency of clinical-level internalizing and externalizing behavior among the children did not exceed that of the general population, by their parents’ report. The pilot supplementation of EHS with TIY improved attendance in group meetings but did not significantly reduce adverse behavioral outcomes or CAN. This study revealed marked independence of standard indices of toxic stress (child maltreatment, maternal depression, caregiver emotional unavailability) which have been presumed to be risk factors for the development of psychopathology. That they were weakly inter-correlated, and only modestly predictive of child behavioral outcomes in this EHS sample, caution against presumptions about the toxicity of individual stressors, highlight the importance of ascertaining risk (and compensatory influences) comprehensively, suggest buffering effects of programs like EHS, and demonstrate the need for greater understanding of what parameterizes resilience in early childhood.
Strength of preference and decisions under risk
Authors: Alós-Ferrer Carlos , Garagnani Michele 
Published: May 2022

AbstractInfluential economic approaches as random utility models assume a monotonic relation between choice frequencies and “strength of preference,” in line with widespread evidence from the cognitive sciences, which also document an inverse relation to response times. However, for economic decisions under risk, these effects are largely untested, because models used to fit data assume them. Further, the dimension underlying strength of preference remains unclear in economics, with candidates including payoff-irrelevant numerical magnitudes. We provide a systematic, out-of-sample empirical validation of these relations (both for choices and response times) relying on both a new experimental design and simulations.
Bribery, on-the-job training, and firm performance
Authors: Boikos Spyridon , Pinar Mehmet , Stengos Thanasis 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe previous literature has extensively examined the effect of firm-level bribery on firm performance but not through on-the-job training. This paper investigates the impact of paying bribes on the firm’s investment decisions in on-the-job training and offers mediating implications of corruption on firm performance. We empirically examine the relationship between bribery and on-the-job training using firm-level data from the World Bank Enterprise Surveys consisting of a sample of 94 developing countries with 20,601 firms. The findings show that bribery and on-the-job training intensity affects real annual sales growth rates negatively and positively, respectively. Furthermore, firms exposed to more bribery reduce their on-the-job training intensity. The results are robust to the different classifications of the firm’s size, different subsamples, and controls for the endogeneity of the on-the-job training and bribery.
Vertex transitivity, distance metric, and hierarchical structure of the dual-cube
Authors: Jha Pranava K. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe dual-cube, derivable from the hypercube, admits a number of good properties that render it as a good network topology, especially when the node size exceeds several million. This paper presents several other welcome characteristics of the graph. Prominent among them are: (1) vertex transitivity that facilitates the working of an algorithm meant for a “local” context in the global context as well, (2) an exact formula for the distance between two nodes, which leads to a precise result on the distance-wise node distribution of the graph and an exact formula for the average node distance, and (3) a hypercube-like hierarchical structure of the graph that is amenable to an inductive treatment.
Performances of Pressure Reducing Valves in Variable Demand Conditions: Experimental Analysis and New Performance Parameters
Authors: Ferrarese G. , Malavasi S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPressure Reducing Valves (PRV) play a critical role in Water Distribution Networks (WDN): they regulate pressure ensuring an efficient service to users and preventing damage to pipelines. In recent years, the attention of water utilities towards pressure management and leakage control led to the necessity of more flexible and responsive technologies that can guarantee a higher level of pressure control accuracy. Because of this the common performance parameters based on steady state conditions are no longer satisfactory to evaluate the effective behaviour of the devices when used in situations where demand can change. In the present paper the pressure control effectiveness of different types of PRV (electric actuated, pilot operated and direct acting) in variable demand conditions is discussed. The data used are from experimental tests, literature and field application. To assess valves’ pressure control performance, the use of new parameters, which consider the peak of pressure reached during control operations and the accuracy of target pressure regulation, has been proposed. The use of these parameters allows the comparison between different type of valves giving to WDN managers a direct overview on the valves ability to regulate pressure under variable demand conditions.
The antioxidant defense capacities and histological alterations in the livers and gills of two fish species, Oreochromis niloticus and Clarias gariepinus, as indicative signs of the Batts drain pollution
Authors: Moussa Moussa Attia , Mohamed Hanan Ramadan H. , Abdel-Khalek Amr Adel 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The impacts of the Batts drain on two chronically exposed fish (O. niloticus and C. gariepinus) were assessed using multiple biomarkers. Concentrations of metals in water and sediments (Cu, Zn, Fe, Cd, Pb, and Al) showed significant elevations near the Batts discharges (site 2) compared to the reference site (site 1). The liver and gills of fish collected from site 2 showed marked elevations in the catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance levels. In addition, significant reductions in glutathione-reduced contents were also recorded. Tissue and species-specific antioxidant responses were associated with excessive generations of reactive oxygen species, which were visualized fluorescently. Various histological alterations were observed in the gills and livers of both species. These alterations varied between compensatory responses (ex: epithelial thickening and lifting) and irreversible damage (ex: necrotic degeneration). Based on the level of lipid peroxidation and the frequency of histopathological modifications, O. niloticus demonstrated greater resistance to the same level of pollution than C. gariepinus. Using integrated biomarkers to evaluate the real impacts of untreated discharges of the Batts drain is applied for the first time on the selected fish species at the studied sites.
Roadmap to sustainable plastic waste management: a focused study on recycling PET for triboelectric nanogenerator production in Singapore and India
Authors: Lai Wei Liang , Sharma Shreya , Roy Sunanda , Maji Pradip Kumar , Sharma Bhasha , Ramakrishna Seeram , Goh Kheng Lim 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This study explores the implications of plastic waste and recycling management on recyclates for manufacturing clean-energy harvesting devices. The focus is on a comparative analysis of using recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) for triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) production, in two densely populated Asian countries of large economies, namely Singapore and India. Of the total 930,000 tonnes of plastic waste generated in Singapore in 2019, only 4% were recycled and the rest were incinerated. In comparison, India yielded 8.6 million tonnes of plastic waste and 70% were recycled. Both countries have strict recycling goals and have instituted different waste and recycling management regulations. The findings show that the waste policies and legislations, responsibilities and heterogeneity in collection systems and infrastructure of the respective country are the pivotal attributes to successful recycling. Challenges to recycle plastic include segregation, adulterants and macromolecular structure degradation which could influence the recyclate properties and pose challenges for manufacturing products. A model was developed to evaluate the economic value and mechanical potential of PET recyclate. The model predicted a 30% loss of material performance and a 65% loss of economic value after the first recycling cycle. The economic value depreciates to zero with decreasing mechanical performance of plastic after multiple recycling cycles. For understanding how TENG technology could be incorporated into the circular economy, a model has estimated about 20 million and 7300 billion pieces of aerogel mats can be manufactured from the PET bottles disposed in Singapore and India, respectively which were sufficient to produce small-scale TENG devices for all peoples in both countries.
Happy Unhappiness (and Other Stratified Contradictions)
Authors: d’Agostini Franca 
Published: May 2022

AbstractStratified properties such as ‘happy unhappiness’, ‘ungrounded ground’, ‘fortunate misfortune’, and evidently ‘true falsity’ may generate dialetheias (true contradictions). The aim of the article is to show that if this is the case, then we will have a special,conjunctive, kind of dialetheia: a true state description of the form ‘Fa and not Fa’ (for some property F and object a), wherein the two conjuncts, separately taken, are to be held untrue. The particular focus of the article is on happy unhappiness: people suffering from (or enjoying) happy unhappiness (if there is some situation or state of mind of this kind) cannot be truly said ‘happy’ or ‘unhappy’, but we can say they are both. In the first section three cases of conjunctive stratification are presented; in the second section the logic of stratified contradictions is explored. The last section focuses on eudemonistic ascriptions: stated thatais happy to be unhappy (or unhappy to be happy), should we sayais happy? unhappy? both? neither?
Intraoperative compensation of magnetic field distortions for fluoroscopic and electromagnetic hybrid navigation
Authors: Cavaliere Marco , Cantillon-Murphy Pádraig 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Hybrid navigation is a promising technique which combines the benefits of optical or electromagnetic tracking (EMT) and fluoroscopy imaging. Unfortunately, the fluoroscopy system is a source of metallic distortion for the EMT system. In this work, we present a new method for intraoperative calibration and real-time compensation of dynamic field distortions. The method was tested in the presence of a fluoroscopy C-arm, and sub-millimetre errors were obtained after distortion correction.

Methods
A hybrid navigation scenario was created by combining the open-source electromagnetic tracking system Anser EMT and a commercial fluoroscopy C-arm. The electromagnetic field generator was placed directly on top of the X-ray collimator, which introduced significant field distortion. Magnetic sensors were placed at known positions to capture the magnetic distortion, and virtual magnetic dipole sources were used to model the distortion magnetic field. The accuracy of the compensated EMT model was tested on a grid of test points.

Results
Error reduction was demonstrated from 12.01 to 0.35 mm and from 25.03 to 0.49 mm, for horizontal and vertical sensor orientations, respectively, over a volume of 16 × 16 × 6 cm. It is proposed that such sub-millimetre tracking errors meet the needs of most endoscopic navigation tasks.

Conclusions
We describe a method to model a magnetic field in real time, based on redundant electromagnetic field measurements, and we apply it to compensate for the distortion introduced by a fluoroscopy C-arm. The main limitation of the approach is the requirement for a high number of sensors, with possible occlusion of the operative space. Solutions might come from miniaturisation and wireless sensing.
Conservation planning implications of modeling seagrass habitats with sparse absence data: a balanced random forest approach
Authors: Aydin Orhun , Osorio-Murillo Carlos , Butler Kevin A. , Wright Dawn 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a species distribution model (SDM) to quantify relationships between environmental variables and habitat suitability using unbalanced presence-absence data common in ecology. The proposed model applies a stratified sample balancing scheme for the random forest classifier where every classification tree receives a balanced sample of presence and absence. The model is applied to the Australian coast's seagrass habitats, where seagrass populations have been on the decline. Australian Centre for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (ACEAS) seagrass presence-absence data is used to train the model. Seagrasses are observed at 97.6% of the survey locations, and seagrass absence is recorded at only 2.4% of the survey locations. The proposed model's accuracy is validated with an independent dataset on seagrass presence from the Coastal and Marine Resources Information System (CAMRIS). The environmental variables used in the analysis are obtained from the Ecological Marine Units (EMU) dataset. The variables on human-driven stressors to seagrass habitats due to ship traffic are obtained from World Port Index. The proposed model predicts seagrass absence at a recall rate of 80%, whereas the random forest recall rate is 24%. The model's variable importance profile aligns with the main drivers behind seagrass habitats reported in the literature. A case study is conducted for quantifying the impacts of two proposed ports in the Gulf of Carpenteria on the local seagrass habitats. Results show that balancing improves the explanatory and predictive capabilities of an SDM to define conditions resulting in a species' absence, aiding conservation planning with realistic species distributions.
Can Quantitative Pupillometry be used to Screen for Elevated Intracranial Pressure? A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Pansell Jakob , Hack Robert , Rudberg Peter , Bell Max , Cooray Charith 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) is a serious complication in brain injury. Because of the risks involved, ICP is not monitored in all patients at risk. Noninvasive screening tools to identify patients with elevated ICP are needed. Anisocoria, abnormal pupillary size, and abnormal pupillary light reflex are signs of high ICP, but manual pupillometry is arbitrary and subject to interrater variability. We have evaluated quantitative pupillometry as a screening tool for elevated ICP.

Methods
We performed a retrospective observational study of the association between Neurological Pupil index (NPi), measured with the Neuroptics NPi-200 pupillometer, and ICP in patients routinely monitored with invasive ICP measurement in the intensive care unit. We performed a nonparametric receiver operator curve analysis for ICP ≥ 20 mm Hg with NPi as a classification variable. We performed a Youden analysis for the optimal NPi cutoff value and recorded sensitivity and specificity for this cutoff value. We also performed a logistic regression with elevated ICP as the dependent variable and NPi as the independent variable.

Results
We included 65 patients with invasive ICP monitoring. A total of 2,705 measurements were analyzed. Using NPi as a screening tool for elevated ICP yielded an area under receiver operator curve of 0.72. The optimal mean NPi cutoff value to rule out elevated ICP was ≥ 3.9. The probability of elevated ICP decreased with increasing NPi, with an odds ratio of 0.55 (0.50, 0.61).

Conclusions
Screening with NPi may inform high stakes clinical decisions by ruling out elevated ICP with a high degree of certainty. It may also aid in estimating probabilities of elevated ICP. This can help to weigh the risks of initiating invasive ICP monitoring against the risks of not doing so. Because of its ease of use and excellent interrater reliability, we suggest further studies of NPi as a screening tool for elevated ICP.