bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preoperative cardiac troponin I as a predictor of postoperative cardiac events in patients with end stage renal disease undergoing non-cardiac surgery
Authors: Park Bo Eun , Bae Myung Hwan , Park Yoon Jung , Kim Hong Nyun , Kim Namkyun , Jang Se Yong , Lee Jang Hoon , Yang Dong Heon , Park Hun Sik , Cho Yongkeun , Chae Shung Chull 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe investigated if elevated cardiac troponin I (cTnI) serum levels before non-cardiac surgery were predictors of postoperative cardiac events in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing dialysis. In total, 703 consecutive patients with ESRD undergoing dialysis who underwent non-cardiac surgery were enrolled. Preoperative cTnI serum levels were measured at least once in all patients. The primary endpoint was defined as a composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI), and pulmonary edema during hospitalization or within 30 days after surgery in patients with a hospitalization longer than 30 days after surgery. Postoperative cardiac events occurred in 48 (6.8%) out of 703 patients (cardiac death 1, MI 18, and pulmonary edema 33). Diabetes mellitus (DM), previous ischemic heart disease, and congestive heart failure were more common in patients with postoperative cardiac events. Peak cTnI serum levels were higher in patients with postoperative cardiac event (180 ± 420 ng/L vs. 80 ± 190 ng/L, p = 0.008), and also elevated peak cTnI levels > 45 ng/L were more common in patients with postoperative cardiac events (66.8% vs. 30.5%, p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that DM (odds ratio [OR]  2.509, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.178–5.345, p = 0.017) and serum peak cTnI levels ≥ 45 ng/L (OR 3.167, 95% CI 1.557–6.444, p = 0.001) were independent predictors for the primary outcome of cardiac death/MI/pulmonary edema. Moreover, cTnI levels ≥ 45 ng/L had an incremental prognostic value to the revised cardiac risk index (RCRI) (Chi-square = 23, p < 0.001), and to the combined RCRI and left ventricular ejection fraction (Chi-square = 12, p = 0.001). Elevated preoperative cTnI levels are predictors of postoperative cardiac events including cardiac death, MI, and pulmonary edema in patients with ESRD undergoing non-cardiac surgery.
Aufsuchendes dyadisches Unterstützungsprogramm für Personen mit Demenz und Angehörige durch Pflegeexpert:innen Demenz: qualitative Ergebnisse einer Pilotstudie im ländlichen Raum
Authors: Berkemer Esther , Bär Marion 
Published: September 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Fragestellung
Die Lebensqualität von Personen mit Demenz und ihren Angehörigen wird entscheidend von einer stabilen häuslichen Versorgungssituation beeinflusst. Bislang spielen dyadische Interventionskonzepte keine große Rolle. In dieser Studie wurde ein aufsuchendes dyadisches Unterstützungsprogramm für Personen mit Demenz und Angehörige erstmals durch Pflegeexpert:innen Demenz (PED) durchgeführt. Der lebensweltliche Nutzen eines dyadischen Ansatzes zur Alltags- und zur Krisenbewältigung im häuslichen Umfeld steht dabei im Fokus. Erweist sich das Programm als ein passendes Angebot für Dyaden in ländlichen Regionen? Und kann das ursprünglich für Therapeuten entwickelte Programm von PED durchgeführt werden?

Methoden
Mit 12 Dyaden wurden episodische Interviews geführt, ergänzt durch Fokusgruppen (n = 5 Angehörige, n = 2 Pflegeexpert:innen). Die Interviews wurden aufgezeichnet, regelgeleitet transkribiert und qualitativ-inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse
Vorgestellt werden Ergebnisse einer qualitativen Evaluation mit multiperspektivischem Ansatz. Der Benefit der Teilnehmenden ist abhängig von verschiedenen Aspekten (z. B. Dyadenbeziehung, Demenzschweregrad), der aufsuchende Charakter ist dabei zentral. Der dyadische Ansatz wird als hilfreich angesehen, es besteht jedoch zusätzlich ein Bedarf an Einzelgesprächen. Das Programm kann durch PED angewendet werden; der Professionswechsel kann von Vorteil sein. Fraglich ist, ob eine zeitlich limitierte Unterstützung über den gesamten Krankheitsverlauf trägt.

Schlussfolgerungen
Die Lebenssituationen von Dyaden lassen sich durch das pflegegeleitete Programm verbessern. Die Möglichkeit von Einzelgesprächen sollte integriert und eine Folgebetreuung gegeben sein. Die Ergebnisse zeigen die Notwendigkeit aufsuchende Angebote in der Versorgung von Personen mit Demenz auszubauen, um Stress zu reduzieren und Identitäts- und Handlungsressourcen zu stärken.
Hyperon Physics with BESIII
Authors: Schönning Karin ,   for the BESIII Collaboration
Published: September 2022

AbstractHyperons constitute a unique diagnostic tool to shed light on various unresolved puzzles in contemporary physics. Prominent examples are the matter–antimatter asymmetry of the universe and how the strong interaction confines quarks into hadrons. The weak, parity violating decay of hyperons make their spin properties experimentally accessible. This can be exploited e.g. in searches for CP violation and in the decomposition of the inner, electromagnetic structure of hyperons. The BESIII experiment at BEPC-II, Beijing, China is excellently suited for hyperon physics. Recently collected large data samples have been analysed and a plethora of new results have emerged. In these proceedings, we discuss the virtues of polarised and entangled hyperons, and present a collection of recent results from BESIII.
Neurology of cancer immunotherapy
Authors: De Grado Amedeo , Cencini Federica , Priori Alberto 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Immunotherapy is nowadays considered a mainstay of cancer treatment, dramatically affecting the disease-free survival rate in several aggressive malignancies. Unfortunately, cancer immunotherapy can also trigger life-threatening autoimmune neurological complications named “neurological adverse effects” (NAEs). NAEs can affect both the central nervous system (CNS), as in ipilimumab-related aseptic meningitis, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), as in nivolumab-induced myasthenia gravis.

Current evidence
The incidence of NAEs is highly variable, ranging from 2 to 4% using checkpoint inhibitors to 50% using blinatumomab. Looking at these numbers, it appears clear that neurologists will soon be called more and more frequently to decide upon the best therapeutic strategy for a patient receiving immunotherapy and experiencing a NAE. Most of them can be treated or reverted withholding the offending drug and adding IVIg, plasmapheresis, or steroids to the therapy. Sometimes, however, for oncological reasons, immunotherapy cannot be stopped so the neurologist needs to know what countermeasures have proven most effective. Moreover, patients with a pre-existing autoimmune neurological disease (AID), such as myasthenia gravis or multiple sclerosis, might need immunotherapy during their life, risking a severe worsening of their symptoms. In that setting, the neurologist needs to properly counsel patients about the risk of a therapy-related relapse.

Conclusion
In this article, we describe the most frequently reported NAEs and aim to give neurologists a practical overview on how to deal with them.
An econometric approach to aggregating multiple cardiovascular outcomes in German hospitals
Authors: Meggiolaro Angela , Blankart Carl Rudolf , Stargardt Tom , Schreyögg Jonas 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective
Development of an aggregate quality index to evaluate hospital performance in cardiovascular events treatment.

Methods
We applied a two-stage regression approach using an accelerated failure time model based on variance weights to estimate hospital quality over four cardiovascular interventions: elective coronary bypass graft, elective cardiac resynchronization therapy, and emergency treatment for acute myocardial infarction. Mortality and readmissions were used as outcomes. For the estimation we used data from a statutory health insurer in Germany from 2005 to 2016.

Results
The precision-based weights calculated in the first stage were higher for mortality than for readmissions. In general, teaching hospitals performed better in our ranking of hospital quality compared to non-teaching hospitals, as did private not-for-profit hospitals compared to hospitals with public or private for-profit ownership.

Discussion
The proposed approach is a new method to aggregate single hospital quality outcomes using objective, precision-based weights. Likelihood-based accelerated failure time models make use of existing data more efficiently compared to widely used models relying on dichotomized data. The main advantage of the variance-based weights approach is that the extent to which an indicator contributes to the aggregate index depends on the amount of its variance.
Minimal solutions to generalized $$\Lambda$$-semiflows and gradient flows in metric spaces
Authors: Fleißner Florentine Catharina 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGeneralized $$\Lambda$$
Λ
-semiflows are an abstraction of semiflows with nonperiodic solutions, for which there may be more than one solution corresponding to given initial data. A select class of solutions to generalized $$\Lambda$$
Λ
-semiflows is introduced. It is proved that such minimal solutions are unique corresponding to given ranges and generate all other solutions by time reparametrization. Special qualities of minimal solutions are shown. The concept of minimal solutions is applied to gradient flows in metric spaces and generalized semiflows. Generalized semiflows have been introduced by Ball.
Polyharmonic hypersurfaces into pseudo-Riemannian space forms
Authors: Branding V. , Montaldo S. , Oniciuc C. , Ratto A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we shall assume that the ambient manifold is a pseudo-Riemannian space form $$N^{m+1}_t(c)$$

N
t

m
+
1

(
c
)

of dimension $$m+1$$

m
+
1

and index t ($$m\ge 2$$

m
≥
2

and $$1 \le t\le m$$

1
≤
t
≤
m

). We shall study hypersurfaces $${M}^{m}_{t'}$$

M

t
′

m

which are polyharmonic of order r (briefly, r-harmonic), where $$r\ge 3$$

r
≥
3

and either $$t'=t$$

t
′

=
t

or $$t'=t-1$$

t
′

=
t
-
1

. Let A denote the shape operator of $${M}^{m}_{t'}$$

M

t
′

m

. Under the assumptions that $${M}^{m}_{t'}$$

M

t
′

m

is CMC and $${{\rm{Tr}}}\,{A}^{2}$$

Tr

A

2

is a constant, we shall obtain the general condition which determines that $${M}^{m}_{t'}$$

M

t
′

m

is r-harmonic. As a first application, we shall deduce the existence of several new families of proper r-harmonic hypersurfaces with diagonalizable shape operator, and we shall also obtain some results in the direction that our examples are the only possible ones provided that certain assumptions on the principal curvatures hold. Next, we focus on the study of isoparametric hypersurfaces whose shape operator is non-diagonalizable and also in this context we shall prove the existence of some new examples of proper r-harmonic hypersurfaces ($$r \ge 3$$

r
≥
3

). Finally, we shall obtain the complete classification of proper r-harmonic isoparametric pseudo-Riemannian surfaces into a three-dimensional Lorentz space form.
Kriegsauswirkungen auf Unternehmen: Energieabhängigkeit und Preiserhöhungen
Authors: Bischof Jannis , Dörrenberg Philipp , Rostam-Afschar Davud , Simon Thomas , Voget Johannes 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag präsentiert die Ergebnisse einer fortlaufenden Unternehmensbefragung im Rahmen des German Business Panels zu den betriebswirtschaftlichen Auswirkungen des Ukrainekriegs. Die derzeitigen Entwicklungen belasten den Ausblick deutscher Unternehmen und führen zu Zurückhaltung bei Investitionen und Neueinstellungen. Mehr als die Hälfte der befragten Unternehmen gibt an, dass sie Gas direkt in der Produktion einsetzen oder durch eine Gasrationierung ihre Lieferketten gestört würden. Preiserhöhungen, die sich in der aktuell hohen Inflationsrate widerspiegeln, sind eine direkte Antwort auf den Kostendruck, der insbesondere durch die Entwicklung der Energiepreise und Störungen der Lieferketten entsteht.
Reichen Gesetze gegen trickreiche digitale Nutzerschnittstellen? Politischer Handlungsbedarf bei Dark Patterns
Authors: Gerpott Torsten J. 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungImmer wieder werden auf der EU-Ebene und in den EU-Mitgliedstaaten neue Gesetze geschaffen, die unfaire Designmuster bei Nutzeroberflächen auf Websites vor allem durch Verbote beseitigen sollen. Diese legalistische Politik erfordert jedoch Ergänzungen, die von der Bundesregierung bislang nicht mit ausreichender Durchschlagskraft in Angriff genommen worden sind.
The effect of daylight exposure on the immune response and body condition of Great Tit nestlings
Authors: Podkowa Paweł , Surmacki Adrian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNatural light plays an important role in many aspects of birds’ biology, ecology and behaviour. Wild birds experience various light conditions, both in terms of its intensity and spectral properties, which vary within the nesting habitat of avian species. Recent study has shown that some bird species prefer to build their nests in bright nest sites. Light is one of the major factors affecting early development and condition of nestlings, but to date, this effect has not been tested in wild conditions. This study aims to answer whether birds could benefit from nesting in brighter light environment. Potential benefits may occur in nestlings’ condition, growth rate and breeding output. The research was carried out in the population of Great Tits (Parus major) breeding in two types nest boxes which differed with internal illumination. In “dark” boxes, the only source of light was the entrance hole. “Bright” boxes have additional side semi-transparent windows. We conducted two experiments in which light environment in nest box was set after (Experiment I) or before (Experiment II) birds settle in. Our study showed that light environment did not significantly affect nestlings body condition and growth. However, females in their first breeding attempt showed strong preference to the brightened nest boxes. In this group, the offspring were heavier and showed stronger immune responses than nestlings reared in dark nest boxes. Nestlings in bright nest boxes fledged about one day earlier. Nesting in brightened nest boxes may provide potential benefit for adult females in their first breeding attempt. The interaction between maternal effect and light environment is being discussed.
SUACC-IoT: secure unified authentication and access control system based on capability for IoT
Authors: Sivaselvan N. , Bhat K. Vivekananda , Rajarajan Muttukrishnan , Das Ashok Kumar , Rodrigues Joel J. P. C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWith the widespread use of Internet of Things (IoT) in various applications and several security vulnerabilities reported in them, the security requirements have become an integral part of an IoT system. Authentication and access control are the two principal security requirements for ensuring authorized and restricted accesses to limited and essential resources in IoT. The built-in authentication mechanism in IoT devices is not reliable, because several security vulnerabilities are revealed in the firmware implementation of authentication protocols in IoT. On the other hand, the current authentication approaches for IoT that are not firmware are vulnerable to some security attacks prevalent in IoT. Moreover, the recent access control approaches for IoT have limitations in context-awareness, scalability, interoperability, and security. To mitigate these limitations, there is a need for a robust authentication and access control system to safeguard the rapidly growing number of IoT devices. Consequently, in this paper, we propose a new secure unified authentication and access control system for IoT, called SUACC-IoT. The proposed system is based around the notion of capability, where a capability is considered as a token containing the access rights for authorized entities in the network. In the proposed system, the capability token is used to ensure authorized and controlled access to limited resources in IoT. The system uses only lightweight Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman Ephemeral (ECDHE), symmetric key encryption/decryption, message authentication code and cryptographic hash primitives. SUACC-IoT is proved to be secure against probabilistic polynomial-time adversaries and various attacks prevalent in IoT. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed protocol’s maximum CPU usage is 29.35%, maximum memory usage is 2.79% and computational overhead is 744.5 ms which are quite acceptable. Additionally, in SUACC-IoT, a reasonable communication cost of 872 bits is incurred for the longest message exchanged.
Potential role of lipoxin in the management of COVID-19: a narrative review
Authors: Batiha Gaber El-Saber , Al-Gareeb Ali I. , Elekhnawy Engy , Al-kuraishy Hayder M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection leads to the development of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which causes endothelial dysfunction (ED), oxidative stress (OS), and inflammatory disorders. These changes cause hypoxia and cytokine storm with the development of cardio-pulmonary complications. Bioactive lipids and other polyunsaturated fatty acids participate in a vital role in the SARS-CoV-2 infection process. One of these mediators is the anti-inflammatory compound, lipoxin (LX). LXs are produced from arachidonic acid (AA) by collaboration between 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) and 12–15 LO during cell interactions. Thus, our goal was to review the probable role of LXs in COVID-19 regarding the effects of LXs on the inflammatory signaling pathways that are linked with COVID-19 pathogenesis and complications.
The association between albumin corrected anion gap and ICU mortality in acute kidney injury patients requiring continuous renal replacement therapy
Authors: Zhong Lei , Xie Bo , Ji Xiao-Wei , Yang Xiang-Hong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe relationship between albumin corrected anion gap (ACAG) and mortality in acute kidney injury (AKI) patients who received continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) has not been investigated in any previous studies. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between ACAG at CRRT initiation and all-cause mortality among these patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Patients diagnosed with AKI and treated with CRRT in the ICU from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV version 1.0 (MIMIC IV) database and Huzhou Central Hospital were retrospectively enrolled. Participants were divided into two groups: the normal ACAG group (12–20 mmol/L) and high ACAG group (> 20 mmol/L). The Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test were used to compare the survival rate between the two groups. Restricted cubic spine (RCS) and Cox proportional-hazards models were utilized to analyze the relationship between ACAG at CRRT initiation and ICU all-cause mortality of these patients. A total of 708 patients met the inclusion criteria in the study. The all-cause mortality of these patients during ICU hospitalization was 41.95%. Patients in the high ACAG group exhibited significantly higher ICU all-cause mortality rate than patients in the normal ACAG group (all P < 0.001). The Kaplan–Meier survival curves showed that the normal ACAG group had a higher ICU cumulative survival rate than the high ACAG group (log-rank test, χ12 = 13.620, χ22 = 12.460, both P < 0.001). In the multivariate COX regression analyses, patients with higher ACAG (> 20 mmol/L) levels at the time of CRRT initiation in the MIMIC IV database and Huzhou Central Hospital were significantly correlated with ICU all-cause mortality after adjusting multiple potential confounding factors with hazard ratios of 2.852 (95% CI 1.718–4.734) and 2.637(95% CI 1.584–4.389), respectively. In critically AKI patients who undergo CRRT, higher ACAG (> 20 mmol/L) level at the initiation of CRRT was significantly correlated with ICU all-cause mortality. Therefore, clinicians should pay more attention to those patients with a higher ACAG value.
Representing Camera Response Function by a Single Latent Variable and Fully Connected Neural Network
Authors: Zhao Yunfeng , Ferguson Stuart , Zhou Huiyu , Rafferty Karen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractModelling the mapping from scene irradiance to image intensity is essential for many computer vision tasks. Such mapping is known as the camera response. Most digital cameras use a nonlinear function to map irradiance, as measured by the sensor to an image intensity used to record the photograph. Modelling of the response is necessary for the nonlinear calibration. In this paper, a new high-performance camera response model that uses a single latent variable and fully connected neural network is proposed. The model is produced using unsupervised learning with an autoencoder on real-world (example) camera responses. Neural architecture searching is then used to find the optimal neural network architecture. A latent distribution learning approach was introduced to constrain the latent distribution. The proposed model achieved state-of-the-art CRF representation accuracy in a number of benchmark tests, but is over twice as fast as the best current models when performing the maximum likelihood estimation during camera response calibration due to the simple yet efficient model representation.
Migrations in Italy and Perceptions of Ethnic Threat
Authors: Nese Annamaria 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis work investigates anti-immigrant sentiment in Italy and to what extent any “perceived ethnic threat” is influenced by the actual presence of immigrants. Whereas previous studies in the Italian context provide evidence for various social and psychological explanations of anti-immigrant sentiment, this work underlines the role of economic factors focusing on competition theory as main theoretical explanation. The analysis examines microdata obtained from the European Social Survey and from the Labour Force Survey conducted in 2016. In line with the economic perspective, the results suggest that the percentage of unemployed immigrants—rather than just the number of immigrants—significantly increases natives’ perceptions of an “ethnic threat.”
A large Eomys antiquus (Aymard, 1853) (Mammalia, Rodentia) from the early Oligocene sedimentary deposits at Bouldnor Cliff (Isle of Wight, England, UK)
Authors: Bosma Anneke A. , de Bruijn Hans , Wessels Wilma 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA collection of approx. 150 isolated cheek teeth of the eomyid rodentEomys antiquuswhich was obtained from a very thin layer in the Hamstead Member of the Bouldnor Formation at Bouldnor Cliff (Isle of Wight, England, UK) is described. The material is post-Grande Coupure, and earliest Oligocene in age. Comparison is made with and new data are given on teeth ofEomysfrom localities of a similar age situated elsewhere in Europe:Eomys antiquusfrom Hoogbutsel (Belgium), and Möhren 13, 19, and 20 (Germany), andEomysaff.antiquusfrom Montalbán 1D (Spain), and Kocayarma (Turkish Thrace, Turkey). Teeth from Bouldnor Cliff and Hoogbutsel (Mammal Paleogene zone 21) are morphologically close to those from Möhren 13 (Mammal Paleogene zone 22), but tend to be larger. Size decrease in the course of time is also suggested by the smaller size of the teeth from Montalbán 1D (Mammal Paleogene zone 23). The morphological differences observed between the English, Belgian, and German material at the one side, and the Spanish and Turkish material at the other, confirm that the species from Montalbán 1D and Kocayarma is a different, although closely related form. The taxonomic history ofEomys antiquusis reviewed. The species is the commoner of the two oldest European Eomyidae known. General knowledge on the ecology of the eomyids suggests that at the time of deposition of theEomys-containing layer in the Hampshire Basin forest was close by.