bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Studi Analisis Peristiwa Lubang Hitam dalam Perspektif Al-Qur'an dan Fisika
Authors: Rosyidah Rizka Amilatur , Suliyanah Suliyanah 
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran peristiwa lubang hitam, dibuktikan dengan konsep gelombang gravitasi dalam teori relativitas Einstein ditinjau dari Q.S. At-Takwir ayat 15-16. Penelitian kualitatif ini mengunakan metode library research dan wawancara. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan teknik berpikir berupa teknik deduktif-komparatif. Pada penjelasan teori menggunakan teknik deduktif, sedangkan pada penafsiran menggunakan teknik komparatif. Proses penyelesaian penelitian ini membutuhkan data karya ilmiah dan wawancara sesuai topik pada penelitian, sehingga diperoleh data teoritis. Untuk mendapatkan data yang akurat, langkah yang harus dilakukan yaitu dengan mempelajari topik lubang hitam dalam prespektif Al-Qur’an dan fisika melalui data yang telah dikumpulkan. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan tafsir tokoh terkemuka yaitu Zaghlul al-Najjar dan Quraish Shihab. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa peristiwa lubang hitam yang ada di luar angkasa memang benar adanya dan sudah dijelaskan dalam Q.S. At-Takwir : 15-16. Penelitian ini juga membuktikan bahwa teori relativitas umum Einstein sangat sesuai untuk menjelaskan peristiwa lubang hitam, karena konsep dan sifat lubang hitam pada teori relativitas umum Einstein memiliki kesamaan dengan penjelasan dalam Al-Qur’an. Sifat tersebut yaitu al-khunnas atau tersembunyi, al-jawari atau bergerak cepat, dan al-kunnas atau menelan apapun yang melewatinya.

Kata kunci : Teori relativitas umum Einstein, gelombang gravitasi, lubang hitam, dan Q.S. At-Takwir : 15-16
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STAD DENGAN TEKNIK INDEX CARD MATCH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK DI SMA NEGERI 1 JOMBANG
Authors: FADILAH MAULIDYA , DWIKORANTO DWIKORANTO 
Published: July 2022

Abstrak
Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar dengan menerapkan pembelajaran model kooperatif tipe STAD dengan teknik Index Card Match. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi experiment dengan desain One Grup Pretest-Posttest. Penelitian menggunakan satu kelas eksperimen, selain mengamati hasil belajar juga ditinjau keterlaksanaan pembelajaran dan respon peserta didik. Adapun metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu metode obsevasi, tes, dan angket. Berdasarkan hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa: (1) keterlaksanaan pembelajaran model kooperatif tipe STAD dengan teknik Index Card Match berkategori sangat baik pada penguji 1 dan 2, yaitu 83,9 dan 85,7 (2) hasil belajar peserta didik meningkat secara signifikan antara sebelum dan setelah diterapkan pembelajaran model kooperatif tipe STAD dengan teknik Index Card Match dengan rata-rata skor n-gain 0,75 dengan katagori sedang 37% dan katagori tinggi 63% (3) nilai keterampilan pada proses praktikum menunjukkan nilai rata-rata 75 dan nilai rata-rata sikap 77 (4) respon peserta didik terhadap pembelajaran model kooperatif tipe STAD berada pada kategori sangat baik, dengan persentase yaitu 84%. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran model kooperatif tipe STAD dengan teknik Index Card Match dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik secara signifikan
Kata Kunci: kooperatif, STAD, Index Card Match, quasi experiment.

Abstract
This research was conducted to find out the improvement of learning outcomes by applying STAD type cooperative learning models with Index Card Match technique. This type of research is a quasi experiment with the design of One Group Pretest-Posttest. The study used an experimental class, in addition to observing the learning outcomes also reviewed the implementation of learning and student responses. The data collection methods used are observation, tests and questionnaires. Based on the results of the analysis showed that: (1) the implementation of the STAD type cooperative learning model with Index Card Match technique was categorized very well on examiners 1 and 2, namely 83.9 and 85.7 (2) the learning outcomes of students increased significantly between before and after applying STAD type cooperative learning model with Index Card Match technique with an average score of n-gain 0.75 with moderate category 37% and high category 63% (3) the value of skills in the practicum process shows an average value of 75 and an average value attitude 77 (4) the students response to learning the STAD type cooperative model is in the very good category, with a percentage of 84%. Thus, it can be concluded that learning STAD type cooperative learning with Index Card Match technique can significantly improve student learning outcomescategories
Keyword: cooperative, STAD, Index Card Match, quasi experiment
Pengembangan ELS-3D (E-Book Literasi Sains Berbasis 3d Page Flip) Pada Materi Momentum Dan Impuls
Authors: Sumantri Faradela Naba , Kholiq Abdul 
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan ELS-3D (E-Book Literasi Sains Berbasis 3D Page Flip) yang berorientasikan literasi sains pada materi Momentum dan Impuls yang layak untuk dipergunakan. Kelayakan ditinjau dari tingkat kevalidan media. Penelitian pengembangan ini dilatarbelakangi oleh belum adanya aspek-aspek literasi sains dalam buku fisika yang ada disekolah terutama di SMA MUHAMMADIYAH 4 Surabaya. Model penelitian yang digunakan adalah model penelitian pengembangan dengan desain Hannafin and Peck, yang terdiri dari tahap penelitian kebutuhan, tahap desain serta pengembangan dan implementasi. Akan tetapi penelitian ini hanya sampai pada tahap pengembangan, ini dikarenakan adanya pandemi covid 19 yang menyebar ke berbagai negara termasuk Indonesia, sehingga untuk uji coba di sekolah tidak dapat dilaksanakan. Validasi dilakukan oleh dua dosen ahli dengan metode angket dengan menggunakan instrumen angket validasi. Dari penelitian yang sudah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa ELS-3D (E-Book Literasi Sains Berbasis 3D Page Flip) yang telah dikembangkan memiliki tingkat validasi secara keseluruhan sebesar 90,34% dan memiliki kreteria sangat valid baik dari segi media maupun konten, sehingga ELS-3D yang telah dikembangkan layak digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran yang dapat meningkatkan literasi sains pada materi momentum dan impuls.

Kata kunci: ELS-3D, E-Book, Literasi Sains, Momentum dan Impuls

This research aims to produce ELS-3D (Flip Page-Based 3D Literacy scientific E-Book) which is oriented towards scientific literacy on Momentum and Impulse material that elegible to be used. The eligibity is reviewed from the level of media validity. in terms of the validity of the media. This research research is motivated by the absence of scientific literacy aspect in physics books at MUHAMMADIYAH 4 high school Surabaya. The research method used is from Hannafin and Peck, which consists of the research needs, the stages of design along with development and implementation. However, this research only reached the development stage, due to the covid-19 pandemic that spread worldwide, including Indonesia, so that trials in school could not be carried out. Validation was carried out by two expert lectures with validation questionnaire method from the research that has been done, it can be concluded that ELS-3D (Literacy scientific E-Book based on 3D Page Flip) meets the criteria and it is suitable tobe usesd in term of media and content with an overall result of 90,34% so that ELS-3D can be used as a learning medium that can increase the scientific literacy on material momentum and impulses.

Keyword : ELS-3D, E-Book, Scientific Literacy, Momentum and Impulses
Analysis of Guided Inquiry Laboratory Learning Materials To Improve Students's Scientific Process Skills In Newton's Law of Motion
Authors: Putri Arif Adeista Anggrainy , Supardi Zainul Arifin Imam 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to develop guided inquiry laboratory learning materials to improve students' scientific process skills in Newton's Law of Motion. The research used a qualitative descriptive analysis of the results of the validity of the learning materials being developing. The results showed that valid and reliable which included the validity of the syllabus, the lesson plan, the handouts, student worksheets, the cognitive learning achievement test, the learning process implementation of learning process, the observation sheet of scientific process skills on student worksheets, and the student questionnaire. So the learning materials with the guided inquiry laboratory was developed is feasible to implemented in learning for improving students’ scientific process skills in Newton's Law of Motion.
Keywords: Validity of learning materials, guided inquiry laboratory, scientific process skills

Abstrak
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran guided inquiry laboratory untuk meningkatkan keterampilan proses sains peserta didik pada materi Hukum Newton tentang gerak. Penelitian menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif terhadap hasil validitas perangkat yang dikembangkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran berkriteria sangat valid serta memiliki reliabilitas sangat baik yang meliputi silabus, Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP), handout, Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD), tes hasil belajar kognitif, lembar keterlaksanaan proses pembelajaran, lembar pengamatan keterampilan proses sains terhadap Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik, dan angket peserta didik. Sehingga perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan dengan model guided inquiry laboratory dapat diimplementasikan dalam meningkatkan keterampilan proses sains peserta didik pada materi Hukum Newton tentang gerak.

Kata Kunci: Kevalidan perangkat pembelajaran, guided inquiry laboratory, keterampilan proses sains
Financial Behavior as a Result of People’s Interaction in the Socio-Economic Space
Authors: Makar S. V. , Yarasheva A. V. , Markov D. I. 
Published: July 2022

Financial behavior is a category and its relevance for Russia is growing rapidly along with the activity of people who carry out daily interactions in a dynamic socio-economic space at all its territorial levels (local, regional, national, and supranational). In this context, the authors emphasize the scientific significance of studying the process of behavior transformation leading to financial results. From the point of view of the authors, this is due to the understanding of the primary and secondary interdependencies, the coherence of the concepts used, their sequence, priority, and significance. The aim of the article is to show the connectedness of elements in the behavior of people who are actors simultaneously in three subspaces: social, economic, and financial, which are organized hierarchically. The goal is due to the diversity of people’s financial behavior and the need for a counter study of both the factors influencing it and the analysis of monitoring the intertwining forms of financial behavior. The authors use methods of spatial analysis, content analysis, and sociological factor analysis. The factors of influence are placed in the “pyramid” of subspaces, which contributes to their prioritization, the vectors of people’s interaction, the economic, socio-demographic determinism of their actions, and the territorial differentiation of the financial infrastructure, and other aspects are also highlighted. The article systematizes scientific approaches to the study of the economic and financial activities of the population from the point of view of the relationship of incentive motives which simultaneously affect decision-making. The study identifies structural elements of each of the three subspaces (relationships-resources-choice-experience), within which a person (social group) forms and implements a particular model of behavior. The main theoretical concepts used in the study of financial behavior are singled out: social relations, economic resources, financial strategy, and their relationship. The authors conclude that the financial behavior of people has a spatial structure. Its result is determined by the categories of three subspaces — social, economic, and financial, which together represent the “matryoshka” model. The proposed methodology is significant for identifying the characteristics of the financial behavior of young people and the factors influencing the transformation of their financial literacy.
Endogeneity Problem in Corporate Finance: Theory and Practice
Authors: Selezneva Z. V. , Evdokimova M. S. 
Published: July 2022

Endogeneity can cause a significant bias in the coefficient estimation, up to the change in sign. It leads to controversial research results, which also makes it difficult to adequately test individual hypotheses and theories in corporate finance (CF). For practitioners, such as company valuation consultants, these model problems interrupt obtaining the most reliable estimates in the interests of the customer. The aim of this study is to review an endogeneity problem in CF and ways to solve a problem of endogeneity. We will illustrate the methods found in the systematic review with an empirical example. The paper provides the reasons for this problem from an econometric point of view and with examples from the CF and econometric methods of dealing with it. As a result of a systematic literature review, we have shown that dynamics panel models, in particular the Blundell-Bond method, are mostly used to consider endogeneity in CF studies. We have verified empirically the conclusion made in the framework of the literature review. To detect the endogeneity, we used the Hausman test, the endogeneity test, and the analysis of the correlation matrix, including the saved regression residuals. Eliminating step-by-step endogeneity, we concluded that the Blundell-Bond method is not always the optimal one for dealing with endogeneity in CF, as well as regression with a fixed effect. It was revealed that the two-stage least squares method (IV 2SLS) is the most appropriate method for the cost of capital model estimation eliminating endogeneity. In addition, the estimates of the cost of capital model, which analyzes the impact of non-financial reporting, have been improved.
Construction of a Dynamic Normative Model of the Stock Valuation Rating
Authors: Tonkikh A. S. , Tonkikh S. A. , Maslova E. Yu. 
Published: July 2022

Ratings are widely used in stock analysis, as they increase information transparency, simplify the assessment and investment decision-making in the stock markets, and increase their effectiveness. However, the use of ratings is constrained by subjective factors, which necessitates replacing expert assessments with objective characteristics. The aim of the study is to develop a stock valuation rating model, which allows obtaining additional information about the qualitative characteristics of shares in relation to existing rating methods, ensuring the transparency of the rating methodology and limiting the influence of subjectivity, affiliation and bias of an expert analyst. On the basis of the method of dynamic standard, a rating score is constructed, which expresses the measure of the proximity of the normative and actual order of the growth rates of indicators characterizing the investment attractiveness of stocks. When choosing current indicators for inclusion in the rating, the principle of their dynamic co-subordination (normative ordering by growth rates) proposed by I.M. Syroezhin and successfully used in the analysis of economic situations has been applied. The authors have built a share valuation rating model, which is a system of inequalities for the growth rates of six indicators (reference aggregated indicator — benchmark): the market price of a share, the size of the dividend per share, the company’s net profit, revenue, equity and the number of shares in circulation. One of the advantages of the developed model is its universality: it is applicable to any industry, any market, and any accounting system. The model will make it possible to address the problems of expert subjectivism, the use of projected values and the availability of initial information (indicators of official reporting). The authors note the limitation of the model — it is not applicable to the valuation of early-stage companies. The model has been tested by compiling ratings of common stocks from the MICEX index10 for one-year and five-year periods. A comparative analysis of the ratings showed that a higher rating of stocks is observed in the long term. This also determines the applicability of the developed model as a stock analysis tool for long-term fundamental investments.
Assessment of retaining walls stability in case of emergency loss of tank carriage containment
Authors: Гончар Александр Эдуардович , Слепнев Владислав Николаевич , Липленко Максим Александрович 
Published: July 2022

Исследования в области совершенствования системы прогнозирования аварий на территории резервуарных парков для хранения нефти и нефтепродуктов имеют несомненную значимость для решения задач по обеспечению безопасной эксплуатации объектов топливно-энергетического комплекса. В этой связи поставлена цель по разработке методики прогнозирования последствий аварий в резервуарных парках с использованием численного моделирования разрушения резервуара. В настоящей статье, отражающей один из этапов данной работы, представлена методика расчета несущей способности ограждающих стен каре при воздействии волны нефти (нефтепродуктов) вследствие разрушения резервуара. Расчеты проводятся методом конечных элементов и предусматривают определение нагрузок от гидродинамического воздействия волны прорыва на ограждающие (подпорные) стены каре. Источниками исходных данных являются проектная и рабочая документация, материалы инженерно-геологических изысканий. Разработана схема, позволяющая прогнозировать развитие аварийной ситуации в резервуарном парке и на основе оценки гидродинамических нагрузок и устойчивости ограждающей стены определять достаточность мер по локализации аварии и минимизации последствий разлива, целесообразность разработки с этой целью дополнительных мероприятий (установки контрфорсов, формирования грунтовой подсыпки).
Research in the field of improving the system of forecasting accidents on the territory of tank farms for the storage of oil and oil product pipelines is of undoubted importance for solving the tasks of ensuring the safe operation of fuel and energy complex facilities. In this regard, the authors set a goal to develop a methodology for predicting the consequences of accidents at tank farms using numerical modeling of tank failure. This article, reflecting one of the stages of this work, presents a method for calculating the bearing capacity of retaining walls of tank carriage when exposed to a wave of oil (petroleum products) due to the destruction of the tank. The calculations are carried out by the finite element method and provide for the determination of loads from the hydrodynamic impact of breakthrough wave on the enclosing (retaining) walls of tank carriage. A scheme has been developed that makes it possible to predict the development of an emergency situation at tank farm and, based on assessment of hydrodynamic loads and stability of retaining wall, determine the sufficiency of existing measures to localize the accident and mitigate the consequences of the spill, the feasibility of developing additional measures for this purpose (installation of counter forts, formation of earth filling).
Optimization of oil heating process for main pipeline transport
Authors: Налетов Владислав Алексеевич , Глебов Михаил Борисович 
Published: July 2022

Вопросы оптимизации использования энергии, снижения эксплуатационных и операционных затрат, а также уменьшения негативного воздействия на окружающую среду при эксплуатации магистральных нефтепроводов имеют приоритетную значимость. На основе методов математического моделирования, термодинамики и общей теории систем с использованием информационного подхода представлено решение задачи по оптимальной организации процесса подогрева нефти, транспортируемой по магистральным нефтепроводам. В качестве объекта исследования выбрана система с печью конвекционного типа с рециркуляцией, в которой подогрев нефти осуществляется при невысоких температурах за счет теплоты потока рециркулирующих дымовых газов при минимальных выбросах оксидов азота, образующихся в процессе сжигания топлива. Термодинамический анализ объекта исследования показал, что система имеет низкое значение эксергетического КПД ввиду существенных потерь эксергии в подогревателе нефти. В качестве критерия организованности технологической системы был выбран информационный критерий макроэнтропии. Анализ системы на основе информационного критерия макроэнтропии, учитывающего согласованность ее элементов в соответствии с нулевым началом термодинамики, позволил сделать вывод о необходимости уменьшения кратности рециркуляции. В итоге разработано мультифункциональное решение, позволяющее совместить в одной установке подогрев нефти в более мягких условиях, чем в исходном варианте, и когенерацию, обеспечив при этом концентрацию термических оксидов азота на уровне предельно допустимых среднесуточных значений и отказавшись от использования собственного электрогенерирующего оборудования на линейных пунктах подогрева нефти.
Optimal energy efficiency, the reduction of operating costs and capital costs as well as reducing negative environmental impact are of key importance in crude oil pipeline transport. The paper deals with the issue of optimal design for the oil heating system for main oil supply lines. The solution was obtained based on methods of mathematical modeling, thermodynamics and general systems theory, using the information approach. This study examines a system with a convective furnace that uses recirculation to minimize nitrogen oxide emissions from fuel combustion. The crude oil is heated in a low-temperature process using hot recirculating gases. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the system has low exergy efficiency. After system analysis based on the macroentropy criteria employed in the information approach (which takes into account process coordination in a system in accordance with the zeroth law of thermodynamics), it was concluded that the recirculation ratio needs to be lowered. As a result, a multifunctional system was designed combining oil heating (with lower temperature difference in comparison with the initial system) and cogeneration while keeping nitrous oxides concentration below the maximum allowed values. The system also does not require additional on-site power generation at main-line oil heating plants.
FESTIVIDAD INDÍGENA MAYA CHONTAL EN TABASCO, MÉXICO: ANÁLISIS DE LA COMUNICACIÓN SOCIAL
Authors: FRIAS López Aurora Kristell 
Published: July 2022

Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la función de la comunicación social en la preservación de la festividad indígena San Francisco de Asís que se ejecuta en la comunidad maya chontal Tamulté de las Sabanas en el sur de México. Se realizó con el enfoque cualitativo. Se utilizaron las técnicas de entrevistas semiestructuradas, la investigación documental y la observación no participante. Se concluye que la función de la comunicación social es la de fortalecer la preservación del ritual indígena entre los miembros de la comunidad y la de reconocimiento por parte del resto de la sociedad. La comunicación social se bifurca en interpersonal y masiva, sin embargo, la más usada es la interpersonal; se sugiere que se fortalezca la formal masiva tanto al interior como exterior de la comunidad.