bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Nineteenth-Century Lives of Juan de Pareja (ca. 1608–1670)
Authors: Pullins David 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
On the basis of precious few facts from the artist’s lifetime, nineteenth-century authors with varying agendas wove stories around Juan de Pareja, the seventeenth-century Afro-Hispanic painter who was enslaved by Diego Velázquez for some two decades. Before the opening of Paris’s Galerie espagnole in 1838, writers hewed closely to Pareja’s first biography, published in Antonio Palomino’s El museo pictórico y escala óptica (1715–24). Thereafter, however, fanciful plot twists and cameo appearances by other historical characters, notably Peter Paul Rubens, became part of tales relayed in the popular press, from newspapers and magazines to children’s books, language primers, and plays. This essay focuses on the origins of particularly persistent threads in this extensive body of previously unexamined narratives and considers how such dynamic fabulation intersected with abolitionist agendas, popular illustrations of Pareja’s life, and seventeenth-century works of art.
“A true Patron without any pretense of being one”: William H. Stewart, His Album, and His Friends from the Modern Spanish School in Nineteenth-Century Paris
Authors: Rodríguez-Negrón Iraida 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The art collection of William H. Stewart (1820–97), an American expatriate who lived in Paris during the second half of the nineteenth century, comprised more than two hundred paintings by contemporary American and European artists and was lauded as the most outstanding compilation of works by artists of the modern Spanish school. Following the collection’s dispersal at auction in 1898, Stewart’s reputation as a patron began to diminish. This essay aims to rehabilitate Stewart, further the appreciation of his contributions, and shed light on the connections he established with some of the most popular artists of the period, especially those of Spanish origin living in Paris. These relationships are highlighted in “The Stewart Album,” now in the collection of the Meadows Museum in Dallas, Texas. This extraordinary compendium of primary sources is a testament to Stewart’s connoisseurship and taste and the important place he occupied in the international art scene during the last four decades of the nineteenth century. By considering the material within the album together with other contemporary sources, a clearer picture of a formidable artistic patron emerges, one who not only developed personal relationships with artists but also promoted Spanish art and culture among his American friends.
Francisco Oller and France: New Perspectives
Authors: Sullivan Edward J. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Francisco Oller was one of the most distinguished and influential artists to emerge from the Caribbean in the mid-nineteenth century. Often referred to as the painter of Puerto Rico, he is most noted for his depictions of everyday life on the island, landscapes, still lifes, portraits, and history paintings. However, his four lengthy journeys to Spain and France throughout his life indelibly marked his artistic production. This essay reconsiders the impact of French art on Oller. It deals with two heretofore unstudied paintings (both in private collections). A tabletop still life with peonies and other flowers reminds us of his interest in Henri Fantin-Latour and his contemporaries in Paris. Oller’s small but panoramic landscape of the pilgrimage shrine to Our Lady of Lourdes in southern France opens up questions regarding the artist’s own religious leanings and his interest in depicting public spaces.
Evaluating the effectiveness of Hybrid arch bar with Erich arch bar during maxillomandibular fixation
Authors: Xavier Soya Alfred , Wahab Abdul 
Published: June 2022

Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of Hybrid arch bar and Erich arch bar during Maxillomandibular Fixation. Materials And Methods: We designed a parallel-group, randomized controlled trial to compare the 2 types of arch bars. A total of 20 patients with mandibular parasymphysis fractures within the age group of 25 - 30 years presenting to our institution were enrolled in the study and randomized into 1 of 2 groups: the hybrid arch bar group and the Erich arch bar group. The primary outcome variable was arch bar placement time. The secondary outcomes were glove tears during application and removal , patient comfort and the removal time of the device. The groups were compared using t tests. Results: A total of 20 patients participated in the study, out of which 10 were females and 10 were males.In group A the mean application time noted was 7 minutes . In group B the mean application time noted was 30 minutes (P < .0001). Significantly more glove tears or penetrations occurred during application in the Erichs arch bar when compared to the Erichs arch bar.
study of personal practices of women as risk factors of vaginitis in Baghdad City, Iraq
Authors: Abbas Heba Muwafaq , Kareem Shatha Kathim Abdul Al , Ghazal Rusul Sabah 
Published: June 2022

Background: Vaginitis risk factors include vulvar occlusion and moisture accumulation brought on by the use of sanitary napkins, synthetic underwear, and/or tight jeans. Patients and Methods: A case-control study conducted on 100 patients women with vaginitis and 100 in the control group attending Kadhimiya Teaching Hospital and Medical City. The study used a convenience sampling technique (non-random sampling technique) to choose the patients with vaginitis and control groups via take swab vaginal and direct interviews. The data were collected during a period from the 1st of December 2021 to the end of May 2022. Results: The result explained that ages ≥ 50 years, and single, and menopausal women are more frequency in the control group compared to the study group. While reveals that the participants women who use not wipe with soft tissue, and soap and water are less likely for vaginitis than those who use it (OR; 0.278, and 0.488) respectively. In contrast, the participant's women who use not clean with water are more likely for vaginitis than those who use it ( B= 1.509; P. value<0.001; OR= 4.524; 95% C.I = 2.225-9.198).
Factors affecting business efficiency of retail business: Case study in Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
Authors: Thi Thao Tra , Quang Hung Le , Phu Tu Nguyen 
Published: June 2022

On the basis of theory and overview of previous studies on factors affecting business efficiency and the scales of factors are designed and inherited, the study aims to systematize the theoretical basis and identify the factors affecting business efficiency of retail business in Ho Chi Minh city Vietnam. The method of expert interview and group discussion used to consult or collect data on factors related to business influence of retailers in Ho Chi Minh city Vietnam. Through the research, find a Literature Review on the above topic to serve as a basis for further research to identify the factors affecting business efficiency of retail business in Ho Chi Minh city Vietnam and build a model research. Further studies apply this research model to measure the impact of each factor on the business efficiency of retail business in Ho Chi Minh city Vietnam as well as propose some managerial implications to help businesses meet the needs of customers and growing business more and more.
Improving Service Quality in the Customer Journey by Developing Innovations of Information
Authors: Irwanto Irwanto 
Published: June 2022

To improve the service process requires the latest innovation and creativity to answer the needs of participants. This research uses research and development (R&D) methods. All BPJS Health employees to carry out innovation initiatives by developing various methods to improve services to participants based on information technology that is easily accessible by participants anytime and anywhere. Most of our customers are millennials and tech-savvy (62%) so we need innovation in technology development to answer customer needs quickly and capture data. Hopefully with this technological innovation we can meet the needs and expectations of our participants, can provide services that are easier, faster and definitely without having to meet face to face..
Keywords: BPJS Kesehatan; Costumer; Technology

Abstrak: Untuk meningkatkan proses pelayanan membutuhkan inovasi dan kreativitas terkini untuk menjawab kebutuhan peserta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D). Seluruh pegawai BPJS Kesehatan untuk melakukan inisiatif inovasi dengan mengembangkan berbagai metode untuk meningkatkan pelayanan kepada peserta berbasis teknologi informasi yang mudah diakses oleh peserta kapan saja dan dimana saja. Sebagian besar pelanggan kami adalah milenial dan melek teknologi (62%) sehingga kami membutuhkan inovasi dalam pengembangan teknologi untuk menjawab kebutuhan pelanggan dengan cepat dan menangkap data. Semoga dengan inovasi teknologi ini kami dapat memenuhi kebutuhan dan harapan para peserta kami, dapat memberikan pelayanan yang lebih mudah, cepat dan pasti tanpa harus bertatap muka.
En retrospectiva; aportes de los instrumentos de planificación urbana en la ciudad de Managua, Nicaragua
Authors: López Irías Néstor Saúl , Suárez Bonilla Brissa 
Published: June 2022

Este artículo analiza los principales instrumentos de planificación urbana, desarrollados para la ciudad de Managua entre 1954 y el año 2017. Aborda de forma articulada, desde la compresión histórica y socio cultural, las causas que motivaron sus diseños, al igual que sus alcances, perspectivas, fundamentos generales, principales proyectos, contribuciones y efectos directos sobre la ciudad.
Como ejercicio de articulación histórica registra y evalúa de forma cronológica, las políticas urbanas y sus intenciones, su carácter temporal, práctico e instrumental. Con el propósito fundamental de relacionar los fenómenos espaciales y otras expresiones tangibles en la urbe, con la práctica de organizar y proyectar el territorio. Parte de los propósitos de este estudio, es evidenciar la trascendencia de la planificación urbana, así como su incidencia en la vida de las personas y en la ciudad contemporánea, a partir de la visión crítica de los autores y de las reflexiones que han tenido algunos investigadores sobre la ciudad, su evolución y sus procesos.
Longing for Balance
Authors: Nowak Maciej 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The article presents a biography of Andrzej Bobkowski (1913–1961), a Polish émigré writer associated with the Paris-based Instytut Literacki [Literary institute] and the monthly Kultura. Bobkowski belonged to the “1910 generation,” along with Czesław Miłosz, Zygmunt Haupt, and Witold Gombrowicz. He grew up in a family environment that was Protestant and Catholic, bourgeois and aristocratic, military and civilian, with high regard for intellect and physical strength. In 1936, he graduated from the Warsaw School of Economics and began working as a clerk in an office of an iron mill. In March 1939, he and his wife moved to Paris where they witnessed the outbreak of World War II. In Paris, Bobkowski started writing a diary that, redacted, would be published in 1957 in Paris under the title Szkice piórkiem. Francja 1940–1944 [Wartime notebooks: France 1940–1944]. During the war, Bobkowski was active in the Polish Office at the Atelier de Construction de Chatillon near Paris. After the war, he joined cultural initiatives of the Polish anti-communist emigration. Discouraged by the political situation in Europe, he left for Guatemala in 1948, but continued to publish in émigré journals.
An American Reads Andrzej Bobkowski's Wartime Notebooks
Authors: Rzonca Chris 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The article points out several of Andrzej Bobkowski's main concerns in his youthful Wartime Notebooks that may be of particular importance to contemporary American, although not only American, readers. They are the desire for individual freedom unrestrained by ideology, freedom from national or class allegiance, and disengagement from the past, be it familial or historical. Accordingly, the journal Bobkowski—a Polish exile in the German occupied France—kept throughout the war years became a project of gradual self-discovery and self-liberation.
Actual and Symbolic Spaces in Andrzej Bobkowski's Wartime Notebooks
Authors: Molisak Alina , Rostropowicz Clark Joanna 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Andrzej Bobkowski spent the entire period of World War II as a Polish refugee in Nazi-occupied France. He kept a diary, first published in Paris in 1957 as Szkice piórkiem and recently translated into English as Wartime Notebooks. France, 1940–1944. This article examines the impact of Bobkowski's experiences on his evolving views about cultural characteristics of the Poles, the French and the Germans, as well as his own sense of identity as man and writer. The article's conclusion connects transformations of Bobkowski's worldview in the course of the war with his decision to leave Europe after its end.
Trespassing through Silences
Authors: Filipowicz Halina 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In critical commentary, Czarny piasek [Black sand, 1959], Andrzej Bobkowski's only play, is surrounded by a sense of unease. Read through the lens of his other writings, it is decried as an offshoot of the blinkered ideas he propounded elsewhere. My approach, in contrast, is that of a drama scholar. I propose to read Black Sand as a play in its own right and to examine its tangled skein of dramaturgical and rhetorical strategies. Part a psychological drama on the torment of personal relations, part a nimble satire on a group of immigrants and refugees, and part a kind of romantic comedy in which the heroine, a young Jewish woman, resists her father's attempts to control her sex life, Black Sand is fraught with interpretive challenges. With the usual caveat that no single interpretation is ever fully adequate, I want to open the way for a more nuanced understanding of Black Sand by looking at it from the perspective of Holocaust drama studies.
Andrzej Bobkowski—Józef Czapski
Authors: Urbanowski Maciej , Rostropowicz Clark Joanna 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The article introduces two letters by outstanding Polish émigrés: Józef Czapski (1896–1993), renowned painter and author of a memoir from the time of his incarceration in the Soviet prisons, and Andrzej Bobkowski (1913–1961), the writer best known for his book of diaries, Szkice piórkiem [Wartime notebooks: France, 1940–1944]. The introductory essay describes the long friendship between these two icons of the post-war Polish diaspora, men of strikingly different personalities, the contemplative Czapski and flamboyant Bobkowski. Both created remarkable books of diaries, compared and analyzed here within the context of their authors’ biographies, and the multi-faceted Polish cultural life in exile from communist-ruled Poland.
Bobkowski and the Banker
Authors: Engelstein Laura 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This essay begins with a discussion of the controversy among Polish émigré intellectuals, following Bobkowski's death, on the subject of his attitude toward the Jews during and after the war. In the course of this precursor to more recent debates, Czesław Miłosz (1911–2004), for one, characterized Bobkowski's posture as antisemitic, but others rose to the writer's defense. Among them was Szymon Konarski (1894–1981), wartime director of the Paris office of the Polish Savings Bank (PKO), who came to know Bobkowski through their involvement in the support network for Polish workers in occupied France. An economist and amateur of Polish noble genealogy, Konarski was an ardent Catholic and member of the Knights of Malta. Twice arrested by the Gestapo for his charitable activities, Konarski encountered Jewish prisoners with whom he developed personal connections. Despite his conventional background, the memoirs he published after the war convey a deeply empathic response to the fate of the Jews. The essay compares his reactions to those recorded by Bobkowski at the time. It concludes with a consideration of Bobkowski's conflicted feelings on this matter in the years leading up to his death. The ambiguity inherent in his various pronouncements and published texts may explain Konarski's indignant response to Miłosz's accusation.
Le problème du harcèlement en France dans une perspective pluridisciplinaire
Authors: Gangale Lucia 
Published: June 2022

The profound social transformations, the increase in interpersonal violence in a public space, including workplaces and learning places, the media coverage of sexual scandals (such as the famous “Harvey Weinstein” case), and the response to these problems (#MeToo, #balancetonporc on Twitter, #Iwas), urgently raise the problem of their collective representation today and what forms of degradation the male-female relationship is likely to have. To address the topic of harassment, we divide the treatment as follows: 1) Methodological premise; 2) what is harassment; 3) the forms of harassment; 4) what psychology and sociology can tell us about the phenomenon in question; 5) domestic violence; 6) Defense against harassment.
YENİ SÜPER KAHRAMANLAR: COVID-19 SÜRECİNDE GRAFİK TIPTA SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARININ TASVİRLERİ
Authors: KOÇAK Kenan , TÜRK ÖZTOPAL Ebru 
Published: June 2022

Tüm dünyaya yayılarak dünya tarihinde yeni bir sayfa açan Covid-19, 11 Mart 2020 tarihinde Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (WHO) tarafından pandemi olarak ilan edilmiştir Covid-19 salgını beş milyondan fazla ölüme ve kalıcı sağlık sorunlarına sebep olmuş ve ekonomiyi ve toplumu etkilemiştir. Maske takmak, fiziksel mesafeyi korumak ve hatta sokağa çıkma yasağı yeni normal haline gelmiştir. Bu bulaşıcı hastalığın önlenmesi için çalışan bilim insanlarının yanı sıra felsefe, sosyoloji, sanat, edebiyat gibi diğer alanlardan akademisyenler de Covid-19'un hayatımızdaki yansımasına odaklanan çalışmalara katkı sağlamıştır.
Çizgi roman, insanlık tarihindeki felaketleri anlatmak, farkındalık yaratmak ve toplumu eğitmek için her zaman bir araç olarak kullanılmıştır. Tıbbi beşeri bilimleri ve çizgi romanı harmanlayan bir alan olan grafik tıp, Covid-19 pandemisi döneminde toplumun tüm kesimlerine duygularını veya deneyimlerini ifade etmeleri için geniş bir alan sunmuştur. Graphic Medicine internet sitesinde, ortak yöneticiler MK Czerwiec ve Alice Jaggers, bu dönemde üretilen çizgi romanları "Covid-19 Çizgi romanları" başlığı altında sınıflandırmıştır. Temalarına ve yaratıcılarına göre eğitici, aşıya özel çizgi romanlar, etik/sosyal adalet ile ilgili çizgi romanlar, sağlık çalışanları tarafından/onlar hakkında veya hastalar tarafından üretilen çizgi romanlar, başa çıkma ve mizah son olarak da tarihsel çizgi romanlar olarak adlandırılmışlardır. Bu çalışma, hem yayınlanmış hem de sosyal medya paylaşımlarından seçilen Covid-19 çizgi romanlarında sağlık çalışanlarının süper kahramanlar olarak tasvir edilmesine odaklanacaktır. Çizgi romanlardaki süper kahraman metaforu grafik tıp bağlamında ele alınacaktır.
BORSA İSTANBUL’DA İŞLEM GÖREN GAYRİMENKUL FİRMALARININ RASYOLAR ARACILIĞIYLA FİNANSAL ANALİZİ ve SEKTÖRÜN GENEL OLARAK DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: ÇAKI Ş. Sertaç 
Published: June 2022

Ekonominin itici kuvveti olarak görülen gayrimenkul sektörünün içinde bulunduğumuz yıllarda hem pandemi hem de ekonomik kriz dönemi açısından ne durumda olduğunun incelenmesi amacıyla BIST de işlem gören gayrimenkul firmalarının mali tablolarına göre rasyo analizine tabi tutularak kısa vadeli finansal risk, finansal yapı, verimlilik ve karlılık açısından değerlemesi yapılmış ve bu konuda araştırmacılara bir fikir vermesi amaçlanmıştır.
Sonuç olarak EDİP gayrimenkul ve Yeşil Yapı’nın kısa vadeli likidite riskleri yüksek olduğu ama genelde gayrimenkul sektörünün kısa vadeli finansal riskinin az oldu ifade edilebilinir. Gayrimenkul firmalarının finansal yapıları için DAP gayrimenkul ve EDİP Gayrimenkul firmaları haricinde tüm gayrimenkul firmalarının toplam borçlar karşısında özsermayeleri ve toplam aktifler içinde özsermaye paylarının oldukça iyi olduğu söylenebilir. Firmaların satışlar yoluyla verimliliği analizinde en önemli rasyolardan biri de aktif devir hızıdır. Aktif devir hızına bakıldığında İHLAS Gayrimenkul, Yeşil Yapı, KUYAŞ Yatırım ve ENKA İnşaat’a 2019/2021 yılları arasında özellikle 2021 yılına yaklaşırken net satışların %100’ler ve üstünde artışların aktif artışların üstünde olması nedeniyle aktif devir hızını arttırdığını ancak yeterli düzeyde olmadığını görmektedir. Bunun sebebi olarak da aktif tutarlarının net satış tutarlarının çok üzerinde olmasıdır. EDİP Gayrimenkul ve DAP Gayrimenkul ’de ise aktif artışlarının özellikle 2021’de net satışların çok üstünde olması nedeniyle düşüş göstermektedir. Karlılık rasyoları bakımından incelenen gayrimenkul firmalarının ortalamalarını bakılırsa net satış kârlılığının 2019 ve 2020’de negatif olduğunu ancak 2021’de 0,31’lere çıktığı görülmektedir. Özsermaye kârlılığının ise negatif olduğu ancak 2021 yılında 0,46’ya geldiği görülmektedir ancak bunun özsermaye yetersizliğinden oluştuğuna hatırlatmakta fayda vardır. Özsermaye kârlılığı ise eksi ortalamalardan pozitif sonuçlara ve 2021 yılında 0,07’ye çıkmıştır.
Analisis Kadar Klorida Air Sumur Sekitar Kawasan Industri Muncar Banyuwangi dengan Metode Titrasi Argentometri
Authors: Qomariyah Ani , Susanto Mochammad Akbar Alfian , Apritanti Nicelia , Retno Kharisma Tiya , Putri Tanti Yulia 
Published: June 2022

Pendahuluan: Kesehatan, air, dan tempat tinggal merupakan kebutuhan yang penting. Masyarakat umum yang tinggal di kawasan industri Muncar Kabupaten Banyuwangi mengandalkan kebutuhan air yang berasal dari PDAM dikarenakan air tanah yang keruh akibat limbah industri perikanan. Adanya limbah ini tentu saja dapat mengganggu kesehatan. Beberapa masyarakat yang tinggal di kawasan industri Muncar mengeluhkan penyakit akibat limbah yaitu gatal-gatal dan batuk. Tujuan: Desa Tapanrejo, Desa Sumbersewu, dan Desa Kumendung merupakan beberapa Desa yang berada di Kecamatan Muncar Kabupaten Banyuwangi Jawa Timur yang dekat dengan industri pengolahan ikan. Di Desa ini menarik untuk dikaji kandungan kadar klorida dalam air sumur apakah masih layak digunakan sebagai air minum ataukah tidak, mengingat air tanah di daerah ini terkandung cemaran limbah dari hasil perikanan. Metode: Diambil sampel air sumur dari masing-masing Desa kemudian dilakukan analisis kadar klorida di laboratorium dengan metode titrasi argentometri. Hasil: Kadar klorida pada air sumur di ketiga Desa yang terletak di Kawasan Industri Muncar Banyuwangi menunjukkan hasil di bawah nilai ambang batas yang ditetapkan oleh Menteri Kesehatan RI. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa air bawah tanah tidak tercemar oleh limbah industri perikanan di daerah tersebut sehingga layak digunakan untuk air minum, mandi, masak, maupun mencuci.