bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of radial flexible mechanism in scroll compressor based on oil film lubrication analysis
Authors: Sun Dongfang , Tang Jingchun , Zhang Xiuping , Yuan Xudong , Qian Yue , Ye Fangping , Ye Bin , Jiang Bin 
Published: March 2022

Purpose
The leakage problem caused by machining error, assembly error, wearing and thermal deformation has been the main factor hindering the development of scroll compressor. This paper aims to investigate the lubrication characteristics of radial clearance and further optimize the radial clearance, which can reduce the leakage in the tangential direction of the working chamber.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper establishes a model of radial clearance oil film lubrication in scroll compressor. And, the method to solve the Reynolds and energy equations is presented, as well as the dimensionless and discretization by finite element difference method. To verify the established model, performance experiment of scroll compressor for electric vehicle air conditioning system is also carried out.

Findings
Based on the presented model, the temperature field and distribution of the oil film in the radial clearance are analyzed. And the influence of the structural parameter on the radial clearance is further discussed. The optimum radial clearance could be achieved at β = 40°–42°, where the orbiting scroll is in the state of rotary balance. And, the simulation results coincide well with the experimental results.

Originality/value
This work provides an effective model to evaluate the lubrication characteristics of radial clearance in scroll compressor, which can provide guidance for the design of scroll compressor.
Understanding soft power discourse in the National Library of Australia
Authors: Bell Emilia C. 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThis paper presents research that sought to understand how the National Library of Australia engages with soft power in its Annual Report 2019–20. Driving the analysis was the research question: How is soft power discourse reproduced and enacted in the National Library of Australia's Annual Report 2019–20? The research recognises the significance of Australia's soft power, cultural diplomacy, and regional relationships to national interest in the context of a library's contributions to these areas.Design/methodology/approachThe study employs a qualitative discourse analysis, with constructivist and interpretivist perspectives. A critical discourse analysis was undertaken that applied a discourse-historical approach.FindingsThe findings suggest that the National Library of Australia primarily engages with soft power discourse through the construction and preservation of an Australian national identity. National identity is framed as key to the Library's collection development, with Australian knowledge prioritised.Originality/valueThis study extends on research addressing the roles of galleries, archives, and museums in cultural diplomacy, but rarely examines soft power and libraries explicitly or in a contemporary context. It contributes to broader understandings of libraries in international relations and the role they can play in soft power attraction and cultural diplomacy.
The self-healing ability of durable consumer goods through preventive maintenance behavior
Authors: Tao Na 
Published: March 2022

PurposeIn this study, the focus was shifted from repairing durable goods to achieving healthier ecology, making durable goods more secure in turn. This study introduced preventive maintenance behavior to trace the ex-post control of “curling” back to the ex-post control of “self-healing.” This study tries to close the gap between the human repair of machines and their “self-curing.” Finally, the author makes the machines healthier.Design/methodology/approachThe paper constructed a mathematical model of preventive maintenance behavior during a specific period for durable consumer goods. The author builds a simulation function of the two-stage preventative maintenance behavior relations. The study used simulations to analyze the influencing relationship and differences between three preventive maintenance behavior elements to basic warranty preventive maintenance (BWPM) behavior and extended warranty preventive maintenance (EWPM) behavior.FindingsBoth BWPM behavior and EWPM behavior were affected by the preventive maintenance (PM) behavioral components in different ways. The influence paths of the two warranty periods affected by PM behavior were also different.Research limitations/implicationsThis study introduced PM behavior to trace the ex-post control of “curling” back to the ex-post control of “self-healing.” This study adopted the human–machine interaction mode to improve durable goods' self-healing ability during operation and enable a more effective and sustainable development.Practical implicationsThis study’s conclusions may help manufacturers guide PM behavior in a way that achieves “self-healing” of the durable goods.Originality/valueThe author opened a “black box” of PM behaviors and analyzed their components. The internal structure relation of PM behavior is built and the closed-loop system of spatial structure is formed.
Perceptual deterrents of the green consumer
Authors: McLelland Melinda A. , Foster Jamye , Pollitte Wesley 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to better understand consumers’ overall perceptions of “being green” in an attempt to address the green attitude–behavior gap.Design/methodology/approachThis study features a qualitative study that uses a projective technique to tap into consumers’ underlying perceptions of those who purchase green products. A follow-up, quantitative study tests the mediation effects of perceived judgment and self-congruity perceptions on the green attitude–behavior gap.FindingsThe key finding of the first study suggests that consumers tend to “judge” others based on their degree of greenness. The second study confirmed both perceptions of judgment and self-congruity mediate the relationship between green attitudes and behaviors.Originality/valueThis study explores the elusive green attitude–intention gap with both a qualitative and quantitative approach. Perceived consumer judgment emerges as a new variable to consider in better understanding green consumer behaviors.
Forecasting foreign exchange rates as group experiment: actuality bias and fact-convergence effect within wisdom of crowds
Authors: Horaguchi Haruo H. 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThis article examines the accuracy and bias inherent in the wisdom of crowd effect. The purpose is to clarify what kind of bias crowds have when they make predictions. In the theoretical inquiry, the effect of the accumulated absolute deviation was simulated. In the empirical study, the observed biases were examined using data from forecasting foreign exchange rates.Design/methodology/approachIn the theoretical inquiry, the effect of the accumulated absolute deviation was simulated based on mathematical propositions. In the empirical study, the data from 2004 to 2011 were provided by Nikkei, which holds the “Nikkei Yen Derby” competition. In total, 3,657 groups forecasted the foreign exchange rate, and the first prediction was done in early May to forecast the rate at the end of May. The second round took place in June in a similar manner.FindingsThe average absolute deviation in May was smaller than that in June. The first round of prediction was more accurate than the second round one. Predictors were affected by the observable real exchange rate, such that they modified their forecasts by referring to the actual data in early June. An actuality bias existed when the participants lost their diverse prospects. Since the standard deviations of the June forecasts were smaller than those of May, the fact-convergence effect was supported.Originality/valueThis article reports novel findings that affect the wisdom of crowd effect—referred to as actuality bias and fact-convergence effect. The former refers to a forecasting bias toward the observable rate near the forecasting date. The latter implies that predictors, as a whole, indicate smaller forecast deviations by observing the realized foreign exchange rate.
From physician’s authority to patient expertise: the effects of e-health technology use on patient’s behavior and physician-patient relationship
Authors: Zoghlami Meryem , Ben Rached Kaouther Saied 
Published: March 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the health technology use in health information seeking, communication and personal health information management, as well as in the effects they may have on his relationship with the physician and on the consumption of medical resources.

Design/methodology/approach
An online survey was conducted. The questionnaires were distributed via online health discussion forums using Google's survey software with a summary presentation of the study’s objective. The final selection of 362 individuals was made using social media, direct email and collaboration with community groups. The empirical validation of the causal model was conducted using the partial least square approach.

Findings
The results show that the use of e-health strengthens the quality of the patient–physician relationship and patient empowerment while increasing the consumption of medical resources.

Originality/value
The results of this research indicate that the internet has transformed the relationship of patients to health, to their doctors and to the health-care system. In this new context, a reconsideration of the status of the patient must be considered by health service providers.
Idea paper: How are ecosystem services related to biodiversity and ecological integrity in each site under climate change?
Authors: Ohsawa Takafumi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractConventional nature conservation has attempted to protect biodiversity, ecological integrity (i.e., composition and biomass/abundance of native species), and ecosystem services in parallel, assuming generally positive relationships among them. However, many native species are potentially weakened by and maladapted to a new, warmer climate. Such native species may not be able to offer ecosystem services at previous levels. If the relationship between ecosystem services and native species is no longer positive due to climate change, pursuing ecological integrity could be ineffective for maximizing ecosystem services. Hence, there is room to investigate future relationships among biodiversity, ecological integrity, and ecosystem services. This investigation can be done by describing the changes in ecosystem services as a function of biodiversity and ecological integrity. Herein, biodiversity and ecological integrity can be expressed by phylogenetic diversity and species intactness indices based on abundance, respectively. According to my hypothetical figure, the metrics of biodiversity and ecological integrity are potentially not positively but rather negatively related to ecosystem services. The hypothetical figure can be examined and improved using three different approaches: computer simulations (e.g., the LANDIS‐II forest simulation model), collection of actual data (e.g., measuring ecosystem services of some sites with psychrophilic and thermophilic species), and questionnaire surveys about cultural services (e.g., using digitally manipulated photographs and generative adversarial networks). Thus, we can successfully enable practitioners to understand new relationships, which will be relevant to ecosystem management under changing climates.
Immigration policy, immigrant detention, and the U.S. jail system
Authors: Amuedo‐Dorantes Catalina , Lopez Mary J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractResearch SummaryThe increase in immigration enforcement during the past two decades has led to a larger number of immigrants being detained in the U.S. criminal justice system. Using data from the 2006–2018 Annual Survey of Jails, we examine the impact of immigrants being held for Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) on the conditions in U.S. jails. We find that increases in the number of detainees held for ICE are related to higher noncitizen jailed populations that are not offset by reductions in their citizen counterparts, likely contributing to worse confinement conditions. This is reflected in the higher levels of overcrowding and understaffing, as well as in the longer stays in jail and more physical assaults associated with a larger number of ICE detainees. These findings prove robust to using data on two local interior immigration enforcement programs responsible for the growing number of immigrant detainees in local jails—287(g) agreements and Secure Communities—as instruments to address the endogeneity of the number of ICE detainees with respect to jail conditions. The results are driven by slightly over half of U.S. counties located either along the United States–Mexico border or in states with a large or fast‐growing immigrant population.Policy ImplicationsAs immigrant detention becomes more entrenched in the U.S. criminal justice system, understanding the connection between intensified immigration enforcement, immigrant detention, and the conditions of U.S. jails is well warranted. Our findings suggest that for jails already operating at or above capacity, immigrant detention may pose significant concerns for the safety and well‐being of all incarcerated individuals. Furthermore, our results have implications for the criminalization of unauthorized entry into the United States. Making immigration violations a criminal offense has resulted in the development of an inhumane immigration detention system motivated by profit.
Seasonal changes in the parasite prevalence of a small Malagasy lemur species (Lepilemur edwardsi)
Authors: BETHGE Janina , RAZAFIMAMPIANDRA Jean Claude , WULFF Arne , DAUSMANN Kathrin H. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractParasitic infections can impact the fitness of individuals and can have influence on animals’ population dynamics. An individuals’ parasite prevalence often changes depending on external or seasonal changes, for example, rainfall and ambient temperatures, but also on internal changes, for example, changes in body condition. In this study we aimed to identify the environmental factors that may influence the intestinal parasite and ectoparasite prevalence of the folivorous Malagasy primate species, Lepilemur edwardsi, living in a seasonal dry deciduous forest. Species living in this habitat have to adapt to seasonal changes of ambient temperature, with almost no precipitation during the dry season and hence strong fluctuations of resource availability throughout the year. We sampled the feces and ectoparasites of L. edwardsi throughout the year. Intestinal parasite prevalence increased from the wet to the dry season and was highest in the late dry season, which might be due to the accompanying decrease in diet quality. Conversely, ectoparasite prevalence decreased in the dry season, presumably due to the prevailing unfavorable environmental conditions for the development of ectoparasites (i.e., mites and ticks). Paired with the higher resting metabolism and stress level of L. edwardsi during the late dry season, it seems that this species may struggle when dry seasons intensify in its habitat.
AAV‐mediated expression of secreted and transmembrane αKlotho isoforms rescues relevant aging hallmarks in senescent SAMP8 mice
Authors: Roig‐Soriano J. , Griñán‐Ferré C. , Espinosa‐Parrilla J. F. , Abraham C. R. , Bosch A. , Pallàs M. , Chillón Miguel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSenescence represents a stage in life associated with elevated incidence of morbidity and increased risk of mortality due to the accumulation of molecular alterations and tissue dysfunction, promoting a decrease in the organism's protective systems. Thus, aging presents molecular and biological hallmarks, which include chronic inflammation, epigenetic alterations, neuronal dysfunction, and worsening of physical status. In this context, we explored the AAV9‐mediated expression of the two main isoforms of the aging‐protective factor Klotho (KL) as a strategy to prevent these general age‐related features using the senescence‐accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) model. Both secreted and transmembrane KL isoforms improved cognitive performance, physical state parameters, and different molecular variables associated with aging. Epigenetic landscape was recovered for the analyzed global markers DNA methylation (5‐mC), hydroxymethylation (5‐hmC), and restoration occurred in the acetylation levels of H3 and H4. Gene expression of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory mediators in central nervous system such as TNF‐α and IL‐10, respectively, had improved levels, which were comparable to the senescence‐accelerated‐mouse resistant 1 (SAMR1) healthy control. Additionally, this improvement in neuroinflammation was supported by changes in the histological markers Iba1, GFAP, and SA β‐gal. Furthermore, bone tissue structural variables, especially altered during senescence, recovered in SAMP8 mice to SAMR1 control values after treatment with both KL isoforms. This work presents evidence of the beneficial pleiotropic role of Klotho as an anti‐aging therapy as well as new specific functions of the KL isoforms for the epigenetic regulation and aged bone structure alteration in an aging mouse model.
Association of quarterly prevalence of e‐cigarette use with ever regular smoking among young adults in England: a time–series analysis between 2007 and 2018
Authors: Beard Emma , Brown Jamie , Shahab Lion 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimsTo assess how changes in the prevalence of e‐cigarette use among young adults have been associated with changes in the uptake of smoking in England between 2007 and 2018.DesignTime–series analysis of population trends with autoregressive integrated moving average with exogeneous input (ARIMAX models).SettingEngland.ParticipantsData were aggregated quarterly on young adults aged 16–24 years (n = 37 105) taking part in the Smoking Toolkit Study.MeasuresIn the primary analysis, prevalence of e‐cigarette use was used to predict prevalence of ever regular smoking among those aged 16–24. Sensitivity analyses stratified the sample into those aged 16–17 and 18–24. Bayes’ factors and robustness regions were calculated for non‐significant findings [effect size beta coefficient (B) = 3.1].FindingsThere was evidence for no association between the prevalence of e‐cigarette use and ever regular smoking among those aged 16–24 [B = –0.015, 95% confidence interval (CI) = –0.046 to 0.016; P = 0.341; Bayes factor (BF) = 0.002]. Evidence for no association was also found in the stratified analysis among those aged 16–17 (B = 0.070, 95% CI –0.014 to 0.155, P = 0.102; BF = 0.015) and 18–24 (B = –0.021, 95% CI –0.053 to 0.011; P = 0.205; BF = 0.003). These findings were able to rule out percentage point increases or decreases in ever regular smoking prevalence greater than 0.31% or less than −0.03% for 16–17‐year‐olds and 0.01 or −0.08% for 18–24‐year‐olds for every 1%‐point increase in e‐cigarette prevalence.ConclusionPrevalence of e‐cigarette use among the youth population in England does not appear to be associated with substantial increases or decreases in the prevalence of smoking uptake. Small associations cannot be ruled out.
COVID‐19 restrictions increased perceptions of social isolation for older people discharged home after rehabilitation: A mixed‐methods study
Authors: Hogan Georgia , Taylor Nicholas F. , Robins Leslie , Callisaya Michele L. , Snowdon Megan , Moran Chris , Snowdon David A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo explore older persons’ perceptions of the impact of COVID‐19 restrictions on participating in community activities after discharge from inpatient rehabilitation.MethodsMixed‐methods study design. Participants were older adults who were discharged home following inpatient rehabilitation. Interviews were conducted with 70 participants, with a variety of diagnoses, 8 weeks after discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. Frequency of participation in domestic, leisure/work and outdoor activities was measured using the Frenchay Activities Index (FAI). Qualitative analysis was completed using qualitative content analysis and triangulated with FAI scores.ResultsIn all, 70 older adults (mean age: 73.0 years, SD: 9.9; 59% female) participated in the study. The overarching theme was that participants felt socially isolated following discharge from rehabilitation, with COVID‐19 restrictions increasing perceptions of social isolation and complicating their return to participating in community activities. The four categories informing the overarching theme were as follows: physical health was the primary limitation to participation in community activities; COVID‐19 restrictions limited participation in social activities and centre‐based physical rehabilitation; low uptake of videoconferencing to facilitate socialisation and rehabilitation; and reduced incidental physical activity. Mean FAI score was 21.2 (SD 7.8), indicating that participants were moderately active. Participants most commonly performed domestic activities (mean: 10.0, SD: 4.1), followed by outdoor activities (mean: 6.6, SD: 3.5) and leisure/work activities (mean: 4.5, SD: 2.5).ConclusionsCOVID‐19 restrictions exacerbated perceptions of social isolation and the limitations already imposed by poor physical health after discharge from rehabilitation. The findings highlight the need for rehabilitation that addresses the psychological and social dimensions of community reintegration.
ENaC activation by proteases
Authors: Anand Deepika , Hummler Edith , Rickman Olivia J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractProteases are fundamental for a plethora of biological processes, including signalling and tissue remodelling, and dysregulated proteolytic activity can result in pathogenesis. In this review, we focus on a subclass of membrane‐bound and soluble proteases that are defined as channel‐activating proteases (CAPs), since they induce Na+ ion transport through an autocrine mechanism when co‐expressed with the highly amiloride‐sensitive epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) in Xenopus oocytes. These experiments first identified CAP1 (channel‐activating protease 1, prostasin) followed by CAP2 (channel‐activating protease 2, TMPRSS4) and CAP3 (channel‐activating protease 3, matriptase) as in vitro mediators of ENaC current. Since then, more serine‐, cysteine‐ and metalloproteases were confirmed as in vitro CAPs that potentially cleave and regulate ENaC, and thus this nomenclature was not further followed, but is accepted as functional term or alias. The precise mechanism of ENaC modulation by proteases has not been fully elucidated. Studies in organ‐specific protease knockout models revealed evidence for their role in increasing ENaC activity, although the proteases responsible for ENaC activation are yet to be identified. We summarize recent findings in animal models of these CAPs with respect to their implication in ENaC activation. We discuss the consequences of dysregulated CAPs underlying epithelial phenotypes in pathophysiological conditions, and the role of selected protease inhibitors. We believe that these proteases may present interesting therapeutic targets for diseases with aberrant sodium homoeostasis.