bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large‐scale genetic screens identify BET‐1 as a cytoskeleton regulator promoting actin function and life span
Authors: Garcia Gilberto , Bar‐Ziv Raz , Averbukh Maxim , Dasgupta Nirmalya , Dutta Naibedya , Zhang Hanlin , Fan Wudi , Moaddeli Darius , Tsui C. Kimberly , Castro Torres Toni , Alcala Athena , Moehle Erica A. , Hoang Sally , Shalem Ophir , Adams Peter D. , Thorwald Max A. , Higuchi‐Sanabria Ryo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe actin cytoskeleton is a three‐dimensional scaffold of proteins that is a regulatory, energyconsuming network with dynamic properties to shape the structure and function of the cell. Proper actin function is required for many cellular pathways, including cell division, autophagy, chaperone function, endocytosis, and exocytosis. Deterioration of these processes manifests during aging and exposure to stress, which is in part due to the breakdown of the actin cytoskeleton. However, the regulatory mechanisms involved in preservation of cytoskeletal form and function are not well‐understood. Here, we performed a multipronged, cross‐organismal screen combining a whole‐genome CRISPR‐Cas9 screen in human fibroblasts with in vivo Caenorhabditis elegans synthetic lethality screening. We identified the bromodomain protein, BET‐1, as a key regulator of actin function and longevity. Overexpression of bet‐1 preserves actin function at late age and promotes life span and healthspan in C. elegans. These beneficial effects are mediated through actin preservation by the transcriptional regulator function of BET‐1. Together, our discovery assigns a key role for BET‐1 in cytoskeletal health, highlighting regulatory cellular networks promoting cytoskeletal homeostasis.
‘REDI TO CHAT?’ Evaluating the effect of two structured tools on the confidence of nursing and care staff working in residential aged care facilities in Australia: A pre‐post survey design
Authors: Montgomery Amy , Kearns Mary , Bolton Sharon , Gill Aneesha , De Jayita , Smerdely Peter 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of two self‐designed structured clinical tools on overall self‐perceptions of confidence in the assessment, management and communication of acutely unwell residents in nursing and care staff of residential aged care facilities (RACFs).MethodsQuasi‐experimental pre‐post design using surveys in 22 RACFs in Metropolitan Sydney, Australia. A convenience sample of 254 nursing and care staff were recruited. Two structured tools were developed to enhance confidence: (1) RACF Emergency Decision Index (REDI) and (2) Clinical Handover Assessment Tool (CHAT). The REDI is a clinical decision guide for treatment implementation and escalation, and the CHAT is a structured communication aid. Surveys were administered to participating nursing and care staff working within the RACFs prior to the implementation of the two structured tools (T0) and 6 months later (T1).ResultsThere was a significant increase in reported overall confidence in assessing and managing acutely unwell residents 6 months after the implementation of the REDI and CHAT (p = 0.003 andp = 0.006, respectively). Baseline Confidence in Assessment Scale and Confidence in Management Scale scores differed significantly 6 months following the implementation of the REDI and CHAT tools (p < 0.001). There was improvement across all surveyed communication domains.ConclusionsPreliminary data suggested that the two structured tools are effective in increasing confidence in the assessment, management and communication of acutely unwell residents for nursing and care staff working in RACFs.
A comparison of reconstructive outcomes following rotation flap approach (RoFA) versus standard mastectomy: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Baxter Claire R. , Crittenden Tamara A. , Yip Jia Miin , Smallman Andrea , Dean Nicola R. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe rotation flap approach (RoFA) mastectomy is a skin‐sparing technique that actively imports skin to the centre of the skin envelope and therefore aids in achieving natural ptosis to the reconstructed breast. The objective of this study was to compare clinical outcomes, aesthetics, patient satisfaction and health‐related quality of life between the ROFA mastectomy and standard mastectomy approach.MethodsThis study is a prospective randomised controlled trial of participants undergoing mastectomy using either the RoFA technique or standard technique with breast reconstruction. The BREAST‐Q was administered pre‐operatively and at 3‐, 6‐, 9‐ and 12‐months following mastectomy. A panel assessment of clinical photographs was conducted to score aesthetics and outcomes of reconstruction.ResultsA total of 100 participants were enrolled in the study; of these, 51 underwent RoFA incision, 47 underwent standard incision and 2 were lost to follow up. There were no statistically significant differences in BREAST‐Q scores or panellist assessment between the mastectomy groups following breast reconstruction. The post‐operative incidence of mastectomy skin flap tip necrosis was high in the RoFA incision group, with rates of other complications such as seroma being similar.ConclusionThe RoFA skin‐sparing mastectomy incision showed no significant difference in results across patient‐reported outcomes or aesthetics when compared to the standard approach, however, did rate higher for skin flap tip necrosis.
Insights into the underlying choroid in different stages of idiopathic epiretinal membranes after Viteromacular surgery
Authors: Wang Xinglin , Yang Jiarui , Li Zihan , Hou Qingyi , Wang Changguan , Li Xuemin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of the study was to longitudinally investigate the correlation between choroidal morphologic and vascular parameters and postoperative visual outcome in different stages of idiopathic epiretinal membranes (iERMs).MethodsA prospective, observational, institutional case series of 102 consecutive patients diagnosed with unilateral iERMs were recruited at Peking University Third Hospital and were followed up for 12 months after surgical treatment with vitrectomy. Participants were classified into four stages according to current staging scheme. All eligible subjects underwent standardized imaging evaluation of choroidal parameters including subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), choroidal vascularity index (CVI), and choroidal capillary perfusion (CCP) at baseline and each follow‐up by enhanced depth optical coherence tomography (EDI‐OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA). Longitudinal follow‐up of choroidal parameters over 12 months was analysed, and their correlations with best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were also assessed for predictive prognostic value.ResultsCVI and CCP were significantly correlated with BCVA at each follow‐up examination (all p < 0.05). However, SFCT exhibited no variation among different stages of iERMs at baseline (p = 0.981) or during follow‐up (p = 0.520). The preoperative CVI correlated with 12‐month postoperative BCVA (p < 0.001) and its predictive prognostic effect on BCVA was validated in multiple regression analysis (p = 0.006).ConclusionCVI varied among different stages of iERM and was significantly correlated with visual outcomes after the surgery. CVI could serve as a predictive prognostic marker in iERMs, which further indicates the underlying choroid should be taken into consideration in clinical evaluation of iERMs.
International students' experiences of living temporarily abroad: Sense of belonging toward community well‐being
Authors: Pazil Nur Hafeeza Ahmad , Hashim Intan Hashimah Mohd , Aziya Julia Abyana , Mohd Nasir Nur Farah Wani 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article unveils the voices of the international students of the Universiti Sains Malaysia by exploring their belongingness and community well‐being in Malaysia. This study was conducted with 14 international students (seven males and seven females) studying at the Universiti Sains Malaysia for at least a year. A qualitative approach was employed using in‐depth case interviews to examine the socio‐cultural challenges they experienced while studying abroad. The specific challenges reported among the international students are their well‐being in distinct aspects such as physical, mental, and emotional. This study seeks to explore the international students' reliability on conational communities for social support. When achieving belongingness with their conational friends, international students can flourish well in their current community in Malaysia, thus achieving social community well‐being although they are far away. Besides maintaining established close friendships, the international students develop a sense of comfort and familiarity by forming new friendships with conational and other international students. Sharing similar backgrounds and nationalities, as well as experiences and struggles, are significant for international students in maintaining close friendships and situational harmony. This study highlighted the meaning behind physical and emotional distance, as well as the situation of “being temporarily abroad” and its relations to intimacy practices and belongingness in close friendships. The results presented in this article contribute to an increasing understanding of international students' challenges and the future of social harmony and community well‐being while temporarily living in Malaysia. Correspondingly, as a result of this study, students will be more deferential of cultural differences and cross‐cultural sensitivity, which will also help to decrease prejudice and discrimination.
Analysis of the kinetics of the eyelids of little owl Athene noctua
Authors: Mahmoud Fatma Abdel‐Regal , Shawki Nahed Ahmed , Abdel‐Mageed Amany Mohamed , Al‐Nefeiy Fatma A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study gives a comprehensive description of eyelids movement in little owl and discusses the impact of some surrounding conditions in their kinetic performance. The present study used the video's recording technique to record the kinetic activity of eyelids, besides the anatomical and histological studies of the eyelid's structure. The fundamental eyelid movements can be uniquely and reliably characterized by their anatomical relationship that was confirmed via video recording for their kinetic activity. The levator palpebrae muscle is considered a main generating motor for the upper eyelid; in the little owl, this muscle splits into multiple directions and is distinguished from the levator palpebrae superioris (Lps) and the levator anguli oculi (Lao) muscle. That anatomical pattern of insertion increases the movement of the upper lid. On the other side, the contraction of depressor palpebrae inferioris (Dpi) muscle and the active upward forces of levator palpebrae muscle help in increasing the opening of the eye's fissure. However, the closure process is produced from the passive downward forces and relaxation of the levator palpebrae superioris (Lps), levator anguli oculi (Lao), and depressor palpebrae inferioris muscle, as well as the contraction of retractor anguli oculi lateralis (Raol) and medialis (Raom) muscle. The present results also recorded that nictitating membrane's (Nm) movement is reversely proportionate to the level of kinetic of other eyelids. The mobility of Nm in little owl occurs under the effect of artificial external stress. These anatomical data and sequence video recordings have confirmed that the upper eyelid moves more compared to other eyelids. The authors also suggest that the mobility of eyelids may get stimulated through external pressure force of some surrounding structure like the periorbital sheet. Also, the histological study exhibited that the structure of two eyelids is very similar in the little owl and the variability is showing in the number of cell layers that forms their epithelium of skin and palpebral surfaces, the distribution of pigment granules, and degree of keratinization on their surface. That variability in the histological characters of eyelids may counteract the abrasive forces occurring during the opening and closing processes.
Mundo de Pólus serious game for people with bipolar disorder
Authors: Miasso Adriana Inocenti , Castilho Ellen Carolina Dias , Fonseca Luciana Mara Monti , Giacchero Vedana Kelly Graziani , Baes Cristiane Von Werne , Telles Filho Paulo Celso Prado , Hallak Jaime Eduardo Cecílio , Hegadoren Kathleen Mary 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundSerious games are play‐based technologies designed to teach users a wide range of concepts and skills applicable in the non‐virtual environment.ObjectivesThis paper describes the process of developing a serious game for people with bipolar disorder to promote symptom recognition and the safe use of medications.MethodsThis study was based on the User‐Centered Design methodological model and the theoretical framework for Participatory Design. We conducted interviews with health professionals and discussion circles with people with bipolar disorder and their family members in order to identify the learning needs related to symptom recognition and safe medication use. A categorical analysis was completed of the participants' reports and the scientific literature and formed the basis for the design of Mundo de Pólus.ResultsThe game development process had three pillars (detailed in this manuscript): missions, simulation, and journal. The serious game focuses on the users' perceptions about their experience with the disorder, their interpersonal relationships, coping strategies, use of medications, and non‐pharmacological treatments.ConclusionsThese scientific and technological outcomes are useful to promote literacy and safety in medication therapy for people with bipolar disorder.
Lithium in breast milk transiently affects the renal electrolytic balance of infants
Authors: Ahmed Irfan , Khan Muhammad Shehzad , Ma Victor , Magsi Hina , Gunawan Renardi , Ilyas Abdul‐Mojeed Olabisi , Lashari Najeeb ur Rehman , Wassan Naveed , Paidi Santosh , Ali Zulfiqar , Law Alan W. L. , Zhang Yanpeng , Cho William C. , Alda Martin , Bergink Veerle , Barman Ishan , Lau Condon 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe use of lithium during breast‐feeding has not been comprehensively investigated in humans due to concerns about lithium toxicity.ProcedureWe analyzed lithium in the kidneys of nursed pups of lithium medicated mothers, using analytical spectroscopy in a novel rat model. The mothers were healthy rats administered lithium via gavage (1000 mg/day Li2CO3 per 50 kg body weight).ResultsLithium was detected in the breast milk, and in the blood of pups (0.08 mM), of lithium‐exposed dams at post‐natal day 18 (P18), during breast‐feeding. No lithium was detected after breast‐feeding, at P25 (4 days after cessation of nursing). The lithium pups blood had elevated urea nitrogen at P18 and reduced total T4 at P18 and P25, indicating a longer‐term effect on the kidneys and the thyroid gland. Multivariate machine‐learning analysis of spectroscopy data collected from the excised kidneys of pups showed elevated potassium in lithium‐exposed animals both during‐ and after breast‐feeding. The elevated renal potassium was associated with low nephrin expression in the kidneys measured immunohistochemically during breast‐feeding. After lithium exposure is stopped, the filtration of lithium from the kidneys reverses these effects. Our study showed that breastfeeding during lithium use has an effect on the kidneys of the offspring in rats.
Understanding the mechanisms of sustainable capitalism: The 4S model
Authors: John Anna , Coetsee Johan , Flood Patrick C. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNeo‐capitalistic approaches to value creation have sometimes developed a bad reputation in terms of sustainability and care for the environment. Yet, there are examples to the contrary emphasising a concern for sustainable capitalism. Our literature synthesis suggests that there is a lack of understanding of the sustainability mechanisms—ways of working helping companies to achieve their leadership in sustainability and maintain it over time. We contribute by addressing this deficiency and specifying four discrete mechanisms which we call the 4S model. Specifically, we apply this model to the cases of two leading exponents of sustainability—Unilever and Patagonia—to explain how companies can operate as forces to change business practice and improve sustainability having regard to people, planet, and profits.
Why should intramuscular anti‐D be different from intravenous anti‐D?
Authors: Bussel James B. 
Published: November 2022

SummaryFor reasons of safety the use of intravenous anti D to treat ITP has largely been abandoned because of the risk it incurs of intravascular haemolysis. Intramuscular delivery of anti‐D could be a safer approach and deserves to be further evaluated. IV anti‐D was a mainstay of ITP treatment in the United States in the 1990’s until the development of intravascular hemolysis (IVH) and its serious even fatal consequences was appreciated. Subsequently, treatment of patients with ITP with IV anti‐D has become very rare given other alternatives and the IVH risk. IM anti‐D does not carry a risk for IVH and it should be re‐evaluated and reconsidered as an option for D+ DAT‐negative not splenectomized adults who do not have a long duration of ITP and require maintenance treatment.Commentary on: Lakhwani, et al. Intramuscular Anti‐D treatment for immune thrombocytopenia: A single centre experience. Br J Haematol 2023;200:353‐357.
Un‐Fare: “Local” Share‐Auto Rickshaw Drivers and the Work of Belonging in the Midst of Urban Change in India's “IT Capital”
Authors: Kalyanaraman Jananie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn Bengaluru, India's “IT capital,” global capital and processes of world city‐making valorize specific kinds of work and workers as “formal” while categorizing others as “informal,” “chaotic” and “unregulated.” This article draws attention to the work of share‐auto rickshaw driving among local men from formerly farmland‐owning households in a rapidly urbanizing pocket in peripheral Bengaluru. Why do these drivers, whose work is situated outside of visions of world‐classness, engage in the practices that they do? How do processes of urbanization shape how they see and situate themselves and their work in the city? This article argues that the drivers construct themselves as urban laboring subjects through their deep ties with place. Their identity as “local” refers to new manifestations of their ties to agrarian land and life, their place‐based knowledge in providing transport services, their selfhood, and their logic of operation. Local is also a discursive strategy that differentiates their work from that of non‐locals (or “outsiders”), and situates their work as neither formal nor informal. In illuminating the experiences of urban transformation among members of this driving community, this article asserts that local is the drivers’ way of co‐opting the urban present.
Private landowners perceive positive impacts to their land stewardship following involvement in a conservation research program
Authors: Green Rachael E. , Dayer Ashley A. , Johnson Amy E. M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractConservation research programs can encourage conservation of biodiversity of working landscapes by influencing the conservation behaviors of private landowners who participate in the program. However, specific conservation behavior outcomes following landowner participation in a conservation research program, as well as the drivers that influence their engagement in these behaviors, remain unclear. We interviewed landowners that had provided property access to a Smithsonian conservation research program to conduct ecological research. We investigated (a) how landowners perceived participation in a conservation research program influenced their engagement in conservation behaviors and (b) how landowners perceived characteristics of the program influenced their engagement in conservation behaviors. We found that interviewees' perceived participation in a conservation research program influenced their engagement in land stewardship behaviors more commonly than social environmentalism or environmental citizenship behaviors. Interviewees perceived that program characteristics such as events, on‐site survey interactions, and landowner reports most frequently influenced their engagement in conservation behaviors. Our findings suggest that conservation programs may increase their influence on landowner conservation behavior engagement through fostering direct interactions among landowners, their peers, and researchers; training staff and citizen scientists in effective science communication skills; and tailoring program communications to their target audience.
Attendance at pre‐pregnancy care clinics for women with type 1 diabetes: A scoping review
Authors: Ferry Pauline , Dunne Fidelma P. , Meagher Catherine , Lennon Roisin , Egan Aoife M. , Newman Christine 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionType 1 diabetes mellitus occurs in one in every 275 pregnancies and can result in increased morbidity and mortality for both mother and baby. Several pregnancy complications can be reduced or prevented by attendance at pre‐pregnancy care (PPC). Despite this, less than 40% of pregnant women with pre‐gestational diabetes receive formal PPC. The aim of this scoping review is to identify the barriers to PPC attendance among women with type 1 diabetes.MethodsWe conducted a scoping review by searching five databases (Ebsco, Embase, Ovid and PubMed for literature and the ProQuest for any grey/unpublished literature) for studies in English between 2000 and 2022. Studies that evaluated attendance at PPC for women with type 1 diabetes were included.ResultsThere are multiple barriers to PPC attendance, and many of these barriers have been unchanged since the 1990s. Identified barriers can be grouped under patient‐centered and clinician‐centered headings. Patient factors include knowledge and awareness, unplanned pregnancies, negative perceptions of healthcare and communication issues, unclear attendance pathways and logistical issues including time off work and childcare. Clinician factors include physician knowledge, time constraints and lack of comfort discussing pregnancy/contraception.ConclusionThis review highlights the ongoing problem of poor attendance at PPC and identifies key barriers to be addressed when developing and implementing PPC programs for women with type 1 diabetes.