bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning Optimizes Production in an Unconventional Reservoir
Authors: Carpenter Chris 
Published: August 2022

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 200360, “Production Optimization of the CO2 Huff-n-Puff Process in an Unconventional Reservoir Using a Machine-Learning-Based Proxy,” by Azad Almasov, SPE, Mustafa Onur, SPE, and Albert C. Reynolds, SPE, The University of Tulsa. The paper has not been peer reviewed.
The complete paper investigates the efficient estimation of optimal design variables that maximize net present value (NPV) for life-cycle production optimization during a single-well carbon dioxide (CO2) huff ‘n’ puff (HnP) process in unconventional oil reservoirs. The NPV is calculated by a machine-learning (ML) proxy model trained to approximate the NPV that would be calculated from a reservoir simulator run. The ML proxy model can be obtained with either least-squares support vector regression (LS-SVR) or Gaussian process regression (GPR).

Introduction
The design variables considered in this study include CO2 injection rate, production bottomhole pressure (BHP), duration of the injection, and duration of production time for each cycle. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the complete paper represents the first study that considers the life-cycle optimization problem for a hydraulically fractured well in unconventional oil formations by using two different ML-based methods.
Technology Focus: Decarbonization (July 2022)
Authors: Jenvey Nigel 
Published: August 2022

Have you noticed that the pace, breadth, and depth of engagement in decarbonization within the oil and gas industry is going from strength to strength? In addition to corporate commitments and project announcements, this was evident in the content of OnePetro technical papers during the past year that demonstrate the industry is serious about implementation.
In the inaugural JPT Technology Focus article last year, we shared three selected papers on the role of natural gas in fuel-switching; carbon capture, use, and storage (CCUS); and hydrogen technologies that are part of the toolkit of solutions that avoid, reduce, replace, offset, or sequester greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions.
This year is different. We focus on CCUS and, explicitly, three papers from the Asia Pacific region.
You may be wondering: why? The answer is that countries in Asia Pacific comprise the world’s most populous and fastest-growing economies, which already contribute to half of all GHG emissions and which are expected to account for almost two-thirds of global energy demand growth over the next 2 decades.
It is for these reasons that, for CCUS to be successful as a global climate-change mitigation technology (and we know that it is vital to meet global targets), it has to be deployed successfully at scale in the growing markets in Asia Pacific.
Please enjoy the following summary of three selected papers on the assessment of CCUS technologies in the Asia Pacific region that go a long way toward identifying and developing the region’s understanding of deployment and underpinning future investment.
Residue dissipation, degradation dynamics, and dietary risk assessment of mandipropamid in ginseng under field application
Authors: Hou Zhiguang , Hou Xingang , Wei Liping , Cao Zhanwen , Lu Zhou , Liu Hanjv , Lu Zhongbin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Mandipropamid, a new fungicide for oomycete disease, has a strong effect on the blight of many crops and has been registered for the treatment of ginseng blight in China. However, no maximum residue limit (MRL) of mandipropamid has been identified for ginseng, and there have been few related studies. We established and verified the analysis method of mandipropamid in ginseng using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The method has good linearity and accuracy in the range of 0.002–0.5 mg/kg. The average recovery of mandipropamid was 87.4–101.6%, and the standard deviation was 1.1–10.1. Mandipropamid in ginseng plants and soil rapidly degraded following first-order kinetics models. The degradation dynamics showed that the half-life of mandipropamid in ginseng plant and soil was 13.8–28.0 and 9.8–27.4 d, respectively. After the recommended dose of mandipropamid was applied once, the residual content of mandipropamid in fresh ginseng, dried ginseng, red ginseng, ginseng plant, and ginseng soil was <0.01–0.185, <0.01–0.265, 0.085–1.544, 0.075–4.800, and <0.01–0.014 mg/kg, respectively. The dietary risk assessment of mandipropamid on ginseng showed that the risk quotient value was far less than 100%, indicating that the recommended dose of mandipropamid does not cause unacceptable risks to humans. After the recommended dose of mandipropamid was applied once, it did not cause unacceptable risks to humans. This study not only provides a reasonable spray dosage of mandipropamid to ginseng, but also offers a reference for the establishment of MRLs in China.
Modeling nervous system tumors with human stem cells and organoids
Authors: Wang Yuan , Duan Jie 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Nervous system cancers are the 10th leading cause of death worldwide, many of which are difficult to diagnose and exhibit varying degrees of treatment resistance. The limitations of existing cancer models such as patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models and genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models call for the development of novel preclinical cancer models to more faithfully mimic the patient’s cancer and offer additional insights. Recent advances in human stem cell biology, organoid, and genome-editing techniques allow us to model nervous system tumors in three types of next-generation tumor models: cell-of-origin models, tumor organoids, and 3D multicellular coculture models. In this review, we introduced and compared different human stem cell/organoid-derived models, and comprehensively summarized and discussed the recently developed models for various primary tumors in the central and peripheral nervous systems, including glioblastoma (GBM), H3K27M-mutant Diffuse Midline Glioma (DMG) and H3G34R-mutant High-grade Glioma (HGG), Low-grade Glioma (LGG), Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1), Neurofibromatosis Type 2 (NF2), Medulloblastoma (MB), Atypical Teratoid/rhabdoid Tumor (AT/RT), and meningioma. We further compared these models with PDX and GEM models, and discussed the opportunities and challenges of precision nervous cancer modeling with human stem cells and organoids.
Another one bites the dust: Photosynthetic collapse after the Chicxulub impact
Authors: Senel Cem , Kaskes Pim , Temel Orkun , Vellekoop Johan , Goderis Steven , DePalma Robert , Prins Maarten , Claeys Philippe , Karatekin Ozgur 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Chicxulub impact triggered a global impact winter at the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary 66 million years ago. Yet, the exact killing mechanisms of the K-Pg mass extinction including the wipe-out of non-avian dinosaurs, remain poorly constrained. Here, we present paleoclimate simulations based on new sedimentological constraints from an expanded K-Pg boundary deposit in North Dakota, to evaluate the relative and combined effects of impact-generated sulfur and silicate dust as well as soot from global wildfires on the post-impact photosynthetic activity. In prior works, the relative contribution of dust was considered peripheral compared to the other types of fine-grained ejecta. However, our results show that a massive plume of micrometer-sized silicate dust was a key factor driving the K-Pg impact winter due to a long atmospheric lifetime at least 20 years. The dust-induced photosynthetic shut-down, together with additional effects of soot and sulfur, led to the catastrophic collapse of primary productivity on land and in the ocean, steering the mass extinction in the direct aftermath of the Chicxulub impact.
Evaluating the Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Hypertension and Diabetes Care in South Korea: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis
Authors: Sim Boram , Kim Sun-Mi , Nam Eun Woo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Access to healthcare services is important, especially for patients with chronic diseases. We evaluated the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on outpatient visits and medication for patients with hypertension and diabetes in South Korea.
Methods
Nationwide claims data were extracted for patients with hypertension and diabetes from January 2019 to July 2020. We used an interrupted time series (ITS) analysis to evaluate the pandemic’s impact on outpatient care using the number of outpatient visits and days of medication supplied per visit. We identified the change in continuity of care in medication, a consequence of change in outpatient care, using the Medication Possession Ratio (MPR).
Results
The number of outpatient visits for diabetes significantly declined in February 2020, when community transmission began. However, when high-intensity social distancing was relaxed in April 2020, outpatient visits for hypertension and diabetes rebounded significantly. Moreover, when the outpatient visits declined, the number of days of medication supplied per visit increased. Consequently, the average MPRs significantly increased compared to 2019, increasing the ratio of patients with appropriate medication supply (MPR ≥ 0.8).
Conclusions
Outpatient visits decreased immediately when COVID-19 spread to local communities. However, the number of days of medication supplied per visit increased to compensate for the longer intervals between visits. Rather, the change in continuity of care in medication improved; thus, the temporary decrease in outpatient visits might have had limited negative impact on health outcomes.
Decomplexity of Aliphatic Alcohol Derivatives via β-Fragmentation for Forging C–C Bond: An Alternative to Grignard-type Addition
Authors: Gao Yiman , Liu Jie , Wei Cong , Zhang Kui , Song Liangliang , Cai Lingchao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Alcohols are ubiquitous in chemistry and are native functionalities in many natural products and bioactive molecules. As such, a strategy that utilizes hydroxy-containing compounds to develop novel bond disconnection and bond formation process would achieve molecular diversity. Herein we utilize bench-stable N-alkoxyphthalimides prepared from alcohols to couple with glycine derivatives via radical process under visible light irradiation, providing a variety of unnatural amino acid (UAA) and peptide derivatives. The approach allows to rapidly deconstruct molecular complexity via β-fragmentation such as saclareolide, β-pinene and camphor and provides products with novel scaffolds, which show inhibition toward the pathogenic fungi growth.
Cuscuta epithymum Murr. crude extract pre-conditioning inhibits cell apoptosis in glutamate-induced cytotoxic condition
Authors: Pourhadi Masoumeh , Niknam Zahra , Ghasemi Rasoul , Zomorrod Mina Soufi , Niazi Vahid , Faizi Mehrdad , Zali Hakimeh , Mojab Faraz 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Cuscuta epithymum Murr. (C. epithymum), as a herbal medication, has shown anticancerous effects in some of in vitro studies, but its neuroprotective and anti-apoptotic possible effects have not been considered in research. Here, we aimed to show the protective effects of C. epithymum seeds crude extract and different fractions (n-hexane, dichloromethane, and methanol) on rat glioblastoma cells (C6) in L-glutamate exposure. Initially, the total phenolic content of C. epithymum crude extract and the fractions (all produced by maceration method) was determined. Subsequently, C6 cells were pre-treated with various doses of crude extract and fractions 24 hours before L-glutamate exposure. Likewise, C6 cells were treated with the same extract and fractions concentrations 24 hours after exposure L-glutamate. Besides, flow cytometry testing was used to prove that C. epithymum extract protects C6 cells from glutamate toxicity, as evidenced by morphological features, cell viability, and oxidative stress markers such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SODs). The findings suggested that crude extract has concentration-depended toxicity. It has the highest antioxidant activity to significantly increase C6 cell viability in cytotoxic conditions and probably plays the neuroprotective role in reducing cell death by decreasing MDA levels and increasing SODs levels in cells, showing lipid peroxidation prevention and free radical scavenging, respectively. In conclusion, these results suggest the protective role for C. epithymum crude extract against oxidative stress-induced damage. It showed propective attribute in our in vitro study ,although, further research is needed to prove the neuroprotective effects in in vivo oxidative conditions.
A 4-lethal gene prognostic signature correlates with genomic instability and immunotherapy biomarker in stomach adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ma Xin , Fei Sujuan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The lethal genes manifesting significant prognostic value have not been systematically explored in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD). The current study aims at evaluating the cell viability-related lethal genes by examining the results of CRISPR-cas9 screening, in an attempt to reveal novel therapeutic targets for STAD. Patient data were gathered from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and the lethal genes were identified by conducting genome-scale CRISPR screening of the RNA sequencing data from DepMap. A few genes were selected from STAD lineage preferential dependency candidates derived from DepMap for investigation of genomic alterations, survival outcomes, immune profiles and signaling activities. After narrowing down the processes, four lethal genes were sorted out to construct a risk signature that proves to be a novel and independent prognostic factor. The enrolled patients were subdivided into a low-risk group and a high-risk group in accordance with the risk score. Gene set enrichment analysis demonstrated that certain cancer-related phenotypes were significantly enriched in the high-risk group. Patients in the high-risk group exhibited a low immune score, higher aneuploidy and down-regulated level of PD1 than the low-risk group.In conclusion, our study of CRISPR-cas9 Screening constructed a robust four-lethal gene prognostic signature, which could be applied as a useful prognostic biomarker and thereby highlighting the potential therapeutic targets for the intervention of STAD.
New results for periodic solution in Liebau phenomenon
Authors: Yuan Qigang , Cheng Zhibo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper is devoted to the existence and bifurcations of positive periodic solutions of nonlinear differential equation related to the Liebau phenomenon in rigid pipe-tank flow configuration. We obtain some more general requirements on the existence of a positive harmonic solution which improves the results in literatures. It is revealed that the system undergoes saddle node bifurcation, period doubling bifurcation and Neimark-Sacker bifurcation generating various periodic solution of different stability types. The multiplicity of both the positive harmonic solution and positive 2-th order subharmonic solution is first detected in this equation by numerical bifurcation analysis. Moreover, this work reveals that the positive subharmonic solutions of the nonlinear differential equation will also lead to the Liebau phenomenon in the model, which will shed some new insights for future research.MSC—34B16; 34C25; 37G15.
Evidence-based fact checking for selective procedures in restorative dentistry
Authors: Nagarkar Sanket , Loguercio Alessandro D , Perdigão Jorge 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objectives: Similar to other dental specialties, there are many clinical procedures in restorative dentistry that may or may not be supported by good evidence. Thus, the effectiveness of these procedures is uncertain. The aim of this paper is to reduce this knowledge gap by critically inspecting selective procedures in restorative dentistry and exploring if these well-established or widely advocated treatment modalities are necessary for improving treatment outcomes based on the best available evidence.Materials and Methods: A MEDLINE search was conducted to identify research on selective procedures while focusing on clinical trials and systematic reviews. Due to their practical relevance in the decision-making process, cost-effectiveness analyses were also included. Results: Mixed results were identified regarding the included interventions. Some procedures had adequate evidence supporting them while others were mostly based on beliefs.Conclusions: A critical review of the available literature indicates that some common restorative procedures lack adequate support from high quality research evidence. Clinical Relevance: In the era of evidence-based dentistry, clinical decision-making should rely on best available evidence rather than expert opinion. This will ensure consensus among stakeholders and improve treatment outcomes.
Regional differences and temporal trend analysis of Hepatitis B in Brazil
Authors: Grandi Giuliano , Lopez Luis Fernandez , Burattini Marcelo Nascimento 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Burden disease related to chronic HBV infection is increasing worldwide. Monitoring Hepatitis B occurrence is difficult due to intrinsic characteristics of the infection, nonetheless analyzing this information improves strategic planning towards reducing the burden related to chronic infection. In this line of thought, this study aims to analyze national and regional epidemiology of Hepatitis B and it’s temporal trends based on Brazilian reported cases. Methods: Data obtained from the Brazilian National Notifiable Disease Reporting System (SINAN) from 2007 to 2018 were classified by infection status with an original classification algorithm, had their temporal trends analyzed by Joinpoint regression model and were correlated with gender, age and region. Results: Of the 487,180 hepatitis B cases notified to SINAN, 97.65% had it infection status correctly classified by the new algorithm. Hepatitis B detection rate, gender and age-distribution were different among Brazilian regions. Overall, detection rates remained stable from 2007 to 2018, achieving their maximal value (56.1 cases per 100,000 inhabitants) in North region. However, there were different temporal trends related to different hepatitis B status and age. Women mean age at notification were always inferior to those of men and the difference was higher in Central-West, North and Northeast regions. Conclusion: Hepatitis B affects heterogeneously different populations throughout Brazilian territory. The differences shown in its temporal trends, regional, gender and age-related distribution helps the planning and evaluation of control measures in Brazil.
Efficacy and Safety of Combined Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy versus Targeted monotherapy in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic review and Meta- Analysis
Authors: Yang Teng-Kai , Yu Ya-Fang , Li Hsing-Ju , Huang Kai-Wen , Jason Chia-Hsien Cheng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Cancer therapy has evolved from non-specific cytotoxic agents to a selective, mechanism-based approach, including targeted agents and immunotherapy. For unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), though the response to targeted therapies is acceptable with the improved survival, the high tumor recurrence rate and drug-related side effects remain problematic. Given immune checkpoint inhibitor alone not robust enough to improve survival in unresectable HCC, growing evidence support the combination of targeted therapy and immunotherapy with synergistic effect.
Methods
Online databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched for the studies that compared targeted monotherapy with the combination therapy of targeted drug and checkpoint inhibitors in unresectable HCC patients. Eligibility criteria were the presence of at least one measurable lesion as defined by the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST1.1) for unresectable HCC patients; Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0–2; Child-Pugh score ≤ 7. Outcome measurements include overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and treatment-related adverse event (TRAE).
Results
Three phase II/III randomized controlled trials were included. The pooled results showed that the combination therapy had significantly better survival than targeted monotherapy, in terms of OS (HR = 0.67; 95% CI, 0.50–0.91) and PFS (HR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.51–0.67), respectively. In the incidence of grade 3–5 TRAEs, the combination therapy was significantly higher than targeted monotherapy (OR = 1.98, 95% CI, 1.13–3.48).
Conclusions
For unresectable HCC, combined targeted drug and immunotherapy significantly improved survival compared to targeted monotherapy. However, the incidences of AEs of combinational therapy were higher than targeted monotherapy.
ITF2357 Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Meningioma Cells
Authors: Zhang Lingying , Li Chengyu , Aizezi Maierhaba , Zhu Rongxin , Jiapaer Zeyidan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
As a type of central nervous system tumor, meningioma usually compresses the nerve center due to its local expansion, further causing neurological deficits. However, there are limited therapeutic approaches for meningiomas. ITF2357, a potent class I and II histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), has been shown to inhibit cell proliferation, promote apoptosis and block the cell cycle in a variety of sarcoma cells, including glioblastoma and peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Here, we investigated the antitumor potential of ITF2357 on meningioma cells (IOMM). First, we demonstrated that the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of ITF2357 was 1.842 µg/ml by MTT assay. In addition, ITF2357 effectively inhibited the proliferation and colonization ability of IOMM cells. Flow cytometry analysis showed that ITF2357 induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis. Mechanically, the RNA sequencing data revealed that ITF2357 could affect the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and the cell cycle progression. Furthermore, the expression level of cyclin B1, cyclin D1, and CDK1 was determined by western blotting. Collectively, our data revealed that ITF2357 inhibited cell viability and proliferation of meningioma cells by inducing G0/G1 phase arrest and apoptosis, and inhibiting cell cycle-related proteins (CDK/cyclin B1/cyclin D1), which developed a new approach to the treatment of meningioma.