bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduced CSF orexin levels in rats and patients with systemic inflammation: a preliminary study
Authors: Ogawa Yasuhiro , Shimojo Nobutake , Ishii Akiko , Tamaoka Akira , Kawano Satoru , Inoue Yoshiaki 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
ObjectiveSepsis is a lethal condition characterized by systemic inflammation and multiple organ failure; this condition was initially defined as systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) due to infection. We previously reported that the hypothalamic neuropeptide orexin improved survival in a murine model of sepsis by acting in the brain. We hypothesized that orexin treatment enhances recovery from sepsis by reversing the reduction in orexin levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). We recently reported a case in which CSF orexin levels were reduced in a patient with sepsis. Herein, we attempted to further investigate CSF orexin levels in rats and patients with systemic inflammation. This patient study was a single-center, retrospective observational study.ResultsCSF orexin levels were low in rats with lipopolysaccharide-induced systemic inflammation. We used stored CSF samples from patients who were admitted to the Department of Neurology. We enrolled 14 patients with meningitis/encephalitis; their CSF samples were collected on the day of admission. Six patients were diagnosed with SIRS, of whom 5 patients had infections (“sepsis” by the previous definition). CSF orexin levels were low in SIRS patients.
Evolution of aggregate-like ZSM-5 crystals
Authors: Babina Kseniya A. , Shestakova Daria O. , Gerasimov Evgeny Y. , Parkhomchuk Ekaterina V. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A series of zeolites ZSM-5 has been synthesized in hydrothermal conditions at 433 K by varying time of HT treatment with the following molar compositions of the precursor gel: 1.0 SiO2 : 0.01 Al2O3 : 0.2 ТPAОН : 0.05 Na2O : 50 H2O : 4.0 EtOH. Materials have been characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and nitrogen adsorption measurements. We have succeeded to synthesize ZSM-5 crystals with metastable aggregate-like morphology reproducibly and to follow their evolution during HT treatment.
Early-season spatial plant-to-plant uniformity can affect soybean yields
Authors: Pereyra Valentina M. , Bastos Leonardo M. , Reis André Froes Borja , Melchiori Ricardo J.M. , Maltese Nicolas E. , Appelhans Stefania C. , Prasad P. V. Vara , Wright Yancy , Brokesh Edwin , Sharda Ajay , Ciampitti Ignacio A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max L. Merril) seed costs have steadily increased over the past decades and triggered a growing interest in reducing seeding rates, while improving profitability via seed savings and better yields. However, little is known on the implications of early-season spatial plant-to-plant uniformity on soybean yield under the current reduced seeding rates and modern varieties. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to i) explore traditionally used and new metrics to characterize early-season spatial plant-to-plant uniformity, ii) select and identify the best metrics relating the spatial plant-to-plant uniformity and soybean yield, and iii) evaluate the effect of stand uniformity under varying yielding environments and seeding rates. Soybean trials evaluating different planters (Max Emerge® and Exact Emerge®) and seeding rates (160, 215, 270 and 321 thousand seeds ha-1) were conducted in rainfed and irrigated conditions during 2019 and 2020 in the US and Argentina. Early-season plant-to-plant spacing was recorded in all trials and multiple stand uniformity metrics were calculated. Spacing standard deviation (sd) and the sd of the achieved versus target evenness index (ATEI = observed spacing/theoretical plant spacing) showed the greatest correlation with soybean yield (R2 = 0.26 and 0.32, respectively). However, only ATEI sd exhibited a more consistent relationship with soybean yield across environments. Non-uniform stands, described by ATEI sd, negatively impacted soybean yields under low and medium yield environments (mean of 2.7 and 3.0 Mg ha-1, respectively), while high yielding environments (mean of 4.3 Mg ha-1) were not sensitive to stand uniformity. The effect of unevenness spacing was not affected by the tested seeding rates. Our study provides new insights on the ability of soybeans to compensate yield at low yield environments and suggests uniformity of spacing between plants as a target to maximize yields regardless of the seeding rate.
Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Combined with Pirfenidone upregulates the Expression of RGS2 in the Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice
Authors: Wu Xian , Gou Hao , Qiu Huijun , Liu Hanmin , Fu Zhou , Chen Lina 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective
The therapeutic effect of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells(hUC-MSCs) in combination with pirfenidone(PFD) on pulmonary fibrosis in mice and its possible mechanism were investigated.
Methods
C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into six groups: control group, model group, P10 group, P30 group, P100 group and P300 group. Modeled by tracheal intubation with 3 mg/kg bleomycin drip, each dose of PFD was given daily by gavage from day 7 onwards. Mice were observed continuously for 21 days and survival was recorded. Lung tissues were collected on day 21, and HE and Masson staining were performed to assess morphological changes and collagen deposition in the lungs. Collagen content was measured by Sircol method, and fibrosis marker levels were detected by PCR and Western Blot. Another batch of C57BL/6 mice was then randomly divided into five groups: hUC-MSCs control group, model group, P100 group, hUC-MSCs treatment group and hUC-MSCs + P30 group. 5×105 hUC-MSCs were injected into the tail vein on day 7, and the mice were given PFD gavage daily from day 7 onwards, and their survival was recorded. Lung tissues were collected on day 21 to detect pathological changes and the expression of collagen content and regulator of G protein signaling 2(RGS2). Pulmonary myofibroblasts were divided into MFB group and MFB + hUC-MSCs group, and different doses of PFD were added to each group, and the levels of RGS2 and fibrosis markers were detected in each group.
Results
Compared with other doses of PFD groups, the P100 group significantly improved mouse survival and lung pathology, and significantly reduced collagen and fibrosis marker levels (p < 0.05). The hUC-MSCs + P30 group significantly improved mouse survival and lung pathology, significantly reduced collagen and fibrosis marker levels (p < 0.05), and the efficacy was better than that of the P100 and hUC-MSCs groups (p < 0.05). RGS2 expression was significantly higher in the MSCs + P30 group compared with the P100 and hUC-MSCs groups (p < 0.05). PFD increased RGS2 expression in MFB (p < 0.05) in a dose-dependent manner. Fibrosis markers were more significantly reduced in the hUC-MSCs + PFD relative to the PFD alone group and the hUC-MSCs group.
Conclusion
The study suggested that hUC-MSCs combined with low-dose PFD showed a therapeutic effect better than that of the two treatments used separately. Its effect attenuating bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice is related with the increase of RGS2.
Integrated strategy of network analysis prediction and experimental validation to elucidate the possible mechanism of compound Turkish gall ointment in treating eczema
Authors: Ma Xuan , Hao Meng , Zhang Ming Hui , Zeng Ya , Yang Qing Qing , Zhao Lu , Fan Chen Yang , Ji Zhi Hong , Li Ke Ao , Li Zhi Jian , Mirzat Maimaiti , Nie Jihong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Compound Turkish gall ointment (CTGO) has been widely used as a folk medicine for a long history in Xinjiang for the treatment of eczema. CTGO is currently in the pre-investigational new drug application stage, but its pharmacologic-al mechanisms of action have not yet been clarified.Methods： First, a sensitive and reliable ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph-y-Q exactive hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap high-resolution accurate mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS) technique was established. Second, an integrative strategy of network analysis and molecular docking based on identified and retrieved ingredients was implemented to investigate the potential targets and pathways involved in the treatment of eczema with CTGO. Ultimately, Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats with eczema were prepared to verify the predicted results. The skin conditions of the rats were observed, evaluated, and scored. Skin tissues were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, while serum interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression levels of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor kappa-B p65 (NF-κB p65), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).Results: A total of 29 compounds were preliminarily identified. We found 38 active components and 58 targets for the treatment of eczema; these involved 118 signaling pathways related to inflammation, immunity, and apoptosis. CTGO significantly improved the skin surface and histopathological characteristics of eczema-affected rats, downregulated the expression of IL-4, TLR4, NF-κB (p65), IL-1β, and TNF-α, and upregulated the expression level of IFN-γ.Conclusion: We predicted, and validated our prediction, that CTGO may be used to treat eczema by affecting the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, which provides guidance for future experimental studies.
Impact of autologous blood reinfusion on blood conservation and economic efficiency during posterior spinal fusion for scoliosis in school-age children
Authors: Miao Yu Liang , Liu Ji , An Li Na , Fang Wei Wu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: The effectiveness and affordability of autologous blood reinfusion during posterior spinal fusion for scoliosis in school-age children are under debate. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether autologous blood reinfusion during posterior spinal fusion for scoliosis in school-age children can save blood usage and medical costs. Methods: Data of 194 consecutive patients aged 7-12 years from January 1, 2010, to June 31, 2020, were collected from the 306th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army. The patients were divided into a control group and an autologous blood reinfusion group based on whether a Cell Saver 5 Autologous Blood Recovery System was used. After propensity score matching using the caliper method, the data of 72 patients were matched successfully. Their perioperative indicators were accessed, and the blood transfusion-related costs were evaluated. Results: Compared with the control group, the volume of allogeneic red blood cells (RBCs) transfused in the cell saver group was lower during the surgery (P = 0.021), but there was no significant difference during the postoperative and the entire perioperative periods (P = 0.600, P = 0.051); the volume of allogeneic plasma infused was lower during the surgery and the entire perioperative period (P = 0.011, P = 0.018), but there was no significant difference after surgery (P = 0.276). In addition, the total blood transfusion costs for the autologous blood reinfusion group were slightly higher, but the difference was not significant (P = 0.331). Conclusions: During posterior spinal fusion for scoliosis in school-age children, autologous blood reinfusion can reduce allogeneic RBC and plasma transfusions during surgery but cannot reduce the need for allogeneic RBCs during the entire perioperative period and is not cost effective.
Comparison of Oral Contrast-Enhanced Transabdominal Ultrasound Imaging with Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography in preoperative tumor staging of gastric cancer
Authors: WU LingLing , Xin JunYi , Wang JingJing , Feng QunQun , Xu XiaoLi , Li KaiYan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of oral contrast-enhanced transabdominal ultrasound (OCTU) with contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) for the preoperative tumor staging of gastric cancer, using postoperative pathology as the standard.Methods: This prospective study included 108 cases of gastric cancer with simultaneous OCTU and enhanced CT preoperative tumor staging diagnoses. Results were compared with postoperative pathology based on the 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging guidelines for gastric cancer. The accuracy of each tumor stage was obtained by comparing OCTU and enhanced CT diagnoses with postoperative pathology. The McNemar test was used to compare the overall accuracy of the two methods. Results: There was no statistical significance in the accuracy of OCTU (72.2%) and enhanced CT (75.9%; P = 0.644) for overall preoperative tumor staging diagnosis. For stages T1 to T4, the accuracy rates of OCTU were 84.2%, 81.8%, 69.4%, and 65.5%, respectively, and that for enhanced CT were 52.6%, 72.7%, 87.8%, and 72.4%, respectively.Conclusions: OCTU is comparable to enhanced CT in the preoperative overall T-stage diagnosis of gastric cancer.
Accurancy of the sonographic determination of estimated fetal weight in anhydramnios
Authors: Rauh Maximilian , Rasim Kathrin , Schmidt Boerge , Schnabel Annegret , Köninger Angela 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
PurposeTo determine whether the presence of anhydramnios significantly influences the sonographic estimated fetal weight (EFW) compared to a matched sample with normal amniotic fluid volume.MethodsThe study sample of our retrospective case-control study consisted of 114 pregnant women who presented to our Level I Perinatal Center between 2015 and 2020. 57 of them with an anhydramnios and a matched sample of 57 women with normal amniotic fluid volume. At time of admission, gestational age varied between 22+4 and 42+6 weeks of pregnancy. All underwent detailed ultrasound assessment for EFW and amniotic fluid index. To determine EFW we used Hadlock's estimation formula I, which is based on measurements of biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC) and femur length (FL). The EFW was compared with the weight at delivery in cases and controls. The maximum time interval between measurement and delivery was 5 days. ResultsThere was neither a significant difference between the case and control group with regard to gestational age at ultrasound in days (d) (median 249d vs 246d, p=0.97), nor to gestational age at birth (median 249d vs 247d, p=0.98). Concerning the newborns parameters, the body length at birth was not significantly different between the case and control group in centimeters (cm) (median 47 cm vs 47 cm, p=0.79). EFW in gram (g) was lower than birth weight in both groups and did not differ significantly between case and control group (estimated weight median 2247g vs 2421g, p=0.46; birth weight median 2440g vs 2475g, p=0.47). The difference between EFW and birth weight in percent (%) did not differ between the case and control group (median -3.9% vs -5.6%, p=0.70). Bland-Altman-plots showed that the mean difference between EFW and birth weight and the limits of agreement were almost identical in cases compared to controls. The maternal parameters showed that the patients in the case group were younger (median 31 years vs 38 years p= 0.20) and had a significantly higher BMI (median 27.3kg/m2 vs 22.0kg/m2, <0.001) compared to the case group.ConclusionOur study showed for the first time that EFW in women with anhydramnios can be determined sonographically just as accurately as in a matched cohort with normal amniotic fluid volume. A reliable estimation of fetal weight is crucial for optimal assessment of the newborns prognosis and counseling of the parents especially when advising women in the early weeks of pregnancy at the limit of viability.
The correlation of Triglyceride-glucose index with premature coronary heart disease and multivessel disease: a novel risk factor?
Authors: Wei Ao , Liu Jingjing , Wang Le , Zheng Senshuang , Cong Hongliang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
For a decade, the global burden of coronary heart disease (CHD) has increased in the young population. To identify the characteristics and to determine the risk factors of premature CHD and multivessel disease (MVD) patients.
Methods
A total of 2846 patients were enrolled in this retrospective, cross-sectional study. Premature CHD is defined as men < 45 years and women < 55 years. Demographic and clinical data were collected from the database of patient medical records. Logistic regression models were applied to analyse the risk factors of premature CHD and MVD.
Results
Most traditional factors and the TyG index between premature and mature CHD patients were not statistically significant. A significantly higher rate of dyslipidaemia was found in female premature CHD patients (OR = 1.412, 95%CI:1.029–1.936). In the crude models, female patients with the highest TyG index level were more likely to have premature MVD (OR = 2.065, 95%CI:1.426–2.991) or mature MVD (OR = 1.837, 95%CI:1.104–3.056) than those with the lowest TyG index group instead of premature single-vessel disease. Among male patients, the same trend was observed in mature MVD of CHD (OR = 2.272, 95%CI:1.312–3.937). The significance of the TyG index was not revealed in the multivariate analyses; however, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, smoking, OMI, and Lp(a) showed a positive association with MVD.
Conclusion
Dyslipidaemia should be used as an effective factor for the prediction and prevention of premature CHD in women. The TyG index could be a simple auxiliary indicator to be applied in population-based cardiovascular disease screening for the initial identification of vascular disease severity.
Approach to patients with obesity and other cardiovascular risk factors in primary care using the Delphi methodology
Authors: Morillas-Blasco Pedro , Gómez-Moreno Silvia , Palenzuela Tomas Febles , Pallarés-Carratalá Vicente 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Implementing preventive strategies for patients with obesity would improve the future burden of cardiovascular diseases. The objective was to present the opinions of experts on the approach to treat patients with obesity and other cardiovascular risk factors from a primary care perspective in Spain.Methods: Using the Delphi technique, a 42-question questionnaire was developed based on results from the scientific literature and sent to 42 experts in primary care. The blocks of knowledge addressed were (1) evaluation of the degree of incidence of obesity and associated cardiovascular risk factors, (2) evaluation of the barriers in diagnosis, prescription, and follow-up by the primary care physician or specialist of these patients, (3) improvement in obesity-related parameters in a patient being treated with lipid-lowering and antihypertensive drugs, and (4) analysis of improvements in cardiovascular parameters in responding patients under pharmacological treatment. Two rounds of participation were held.Results: Overall, 78.57% of the experts agreed with the questions posed in block 1, 10.00% in block 2, 61.9% in block 3, and 85.71% in block 4. Our results show the high awareness of the close relationship between obesity and cardiovascular risk factors among primary care physicians. It is necessary to use a checklist in primary care that includes metabolic parameters such as body mass index, waist circumference, and levels of C-reactive protein and ferritin. It is also useful to combine pharmacological treatment, such as liraglutide, with a change in lifestyle to achieve therapeutic goals in this population.Conclusions: There is a high awareness among experts in Spain about obesity and other cardiovascular risk factors and the need to address this pathology comprehensively. The need to incorporate specific tools in primary care consultations that allow better assessment and follow-up of these patients, such as cuffs adapted to arm size or imaging techniques to assess body fat, is evident.
Correlation-based feature analysis in physical examination indicators can help predict overall underlying health status using machine learning
Authors: Wang Haixin , Shuai Ping , Deng Yanhui , Yang Jiyun , Shi Yi , Li Dongyu , Yong Tao , Liu Yuping , Huang Lulin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Because of lacking of the systematic investigation of correlations between the physical examination indicators (PEIs), currently most of them are independently used for disease warning. This results in very limited diagnostic values of general physical examination. Here, we first systematically analyzed the correlations between 221 PEIs in healthy and in 34 unhealthy states in 803,614 peoples in China. Specifically, the study population included 711,928 healthy participants, 51,341 patients with hypertension, 12,878 patients with diabetes, and 34,997 with other unhealthy status. We revealed rich relevant between PEIs in healthy physical status (7,662 significant correlations, 31.5% of all). However, in disease conditions, the PEI correlations changed. We further focused on the difference of these PEIs between healthy and 35 unhealthy physical status, 1,239 significant PEI difference were discovered suggesting as candidate disease markers. Finally, we established machine learning algorithms to predict the health status by using 15%-16% PEIs by feature extraction, which reached 66%-99% precision predictions depending on the physical state. This new encyclopedia of PEI correlation provides rich information to chronic disease diagnosis. Our developed machine learning algorithms will have fundamental impact in practice of general physical examination.
Therapy-related acute lymphoblastic leukaemia has a unique genetic profile compared to de novo acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Authors: Kook Hye Won , Kim Jin Ju , Park Mi Ri , Jang Ji Eun , Min Yoo Hong , Lee Seung-Tae , Shin Saeam , Cheong June-Won 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Unlike therapy-related myeloid neoplasms, therapy-related acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (t-ALL) is poorly defined due to its rarity. However, increasing reports have demonstrated that t-ALL is a distinct entity with adverse genetic features and clinical outcomes. We compared the clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes of patients diagnosed with t-ALL (n = 9) or de novo ALL (dn-ALL; n = 162) at a single institution from January 2012 to March 2021. The mutational landscapes of eight t-ALL and 63 dn-ALL patients were compared from a comprehensive next-generation sequencing panel. The most frequently mutated genes were IKZF1 (37%), CDKN2A (14%), SETD2 (13%), and CDKN2B (11%) in dn-ALL, whereas TP53 (38%) and RB1 (25%) mutations were most common in t-ALL. KMT2A rearrangement showed higher frequency in the t-ALL compared to the dn-ALL, 11.1% vs. 3.1%. Due to the limited sample size, t-ALL patients did not show a statistically significant difference in overall survival (p = 0.70) or progression-free survival (p = 0.94) compared to dn-ALL patients. t-ALL patients with remaining malignancy showed poorer prognoses than did t-ALL patients successfully treated for their initial conditions (p = 0.008). Overall, we demonstrate that t-ALL is a rare but distinct disease entity with a different genetic profile than dn-ALL.