bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of glycemic control and related factors among outpatients with type 2 diabetes at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Abera Rodas Getachew , Demesse Eyouel Shimeles , Boko Wako Dedecha 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The goals of glycemic management for patients with diabetes are to prevent or delay complications and optimize quality of life. However, in clinical practice, the recommended glycemic control target is difficult to achieve. Therefore, it is important to identify factors that influence the outcomes of glycemia to improve the quality of diabetic management.
The study aimed to evaluate the level and factors associated with glycemic control among type 2 diabetic outpatients at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Methods
A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among systematically selected 325 patients with type 2 diabetes who attended diabetic clinics at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital. Pretested, structured, and interviewer-administered questionnaires were used to collect sociodemographic and diabetes-related information from March 1 to May 30, 2021. HbA1c was used to assess glycemic control according to the HbA1c target of < 7% (‘good’ control) as recommended by the American Diabetes Association for non-pregnant adults. The HbA1c level in the range of 7–8% was defined as ‘inadequate’ control and ‘poor’ at levels > 8%. Data entry and analysis were performed using SPSS v26. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify determinants of glycemic control.

Results
The median level of HbA1c of the participants was 8.4% (IQR 6.8–10.1). And approximately three-quarters (73.8%) of the patients had inadequate and poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥ 7%). Older age (AOR: 2.46, 95% CI: 1.28–6.01), DM duration of > 10 years (AOR: 3.15, 95% CI: 2.22–6.54), insulin therapy (AOR: 3.07, 95% CI: 2.10–6.12), poor diet compliance (AOR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.28–3.52) and failure to set goals for glycemic control (AOR: 3.42, 95% CI: 2.17–5.97) were factors associated with inadequate and poor glycemic control.

Conclusions
The study revealed that a significant number of diabetic patients had inadequate and poor glycemic control levels. And this was associated with older age, longer duration of DM, insulin therapy, poor diet compliance, and failure to set control goals. This requires a focus on the associated factors identified and tailored management mechanisms to maintain good glycemic control.
Predictors of effective clinical teaching – nursing educators’ perspective
Authors: Al-Rawajfah O. M. , Al Hadid L. , Madhavanprabhakaran G. K. , Francis F. , Khalaf A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The clinical teaching is the core component of the nursing curriculum, the alarming pandemic rates brought uncertainty to clinical teaching, weighing the safety of patients, students, and faculty, which demanded essential modification in clinical teaching and resulted in challenges in relation to effective response to clinical teaching requirements. This study aimed to assess the effective clinical teaching from the nurse educators’ perspective during the remote teaching that followed the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
This study is a national Web-based descriptive study. Participants were recruited from five major Nursing Colleges in Oman. Descriptive and inferential as well as multiple linear regression analyses were conducted.

Results
A total of 127 nurse educators completed the survey with mean age of 43.9 (SD = 6.9) years. The overall effective clinical teaching score was 54.4 (SD = 10.9) which is considered acceptable, although the nurse educators in Oman reported the highest score on the safety dimension of the effective clinical teaching. Furthermore, females, doctoral prepared nurse educators, and those who acted as preceptors reported higher effective clinical teaching levels compared to their counterparts. The regression analysis showed that age, gender, and attending infection control training are significant predictors of effective clinical teaching.

Conclusion
The paradigm shift in clinical teaching requires adequate measures including identification and appropriate training of clinical instructors and preceptors to meet clinical teaching demands in remote teaching. It is also important to take actions that promote and maintain the safety prioritization in bedside clinical teaching. These measures might positively impact on the nursing education process.
Prognostic signature of esophageal adenocarcinoma based on pyroptosis-related genes
Authors: Li Guo-Sheng , He Rong-Quan , Liu Jun , He Juan , Fu Zong-Wang , Yang Lin-Jie , Ma Jie , Yang Li-Hua , Zhou Hua-Fu , Zeng Jiang-Hui , Chen Gang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The role of pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) in esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) remains unknown.

Methods
In this study, the first PRGs prognostic signature (PPS) of EAC was constructed based on the results of multivariate stepwise Cox regression analysis. Based on 1,047 samples of EAC and normal esophagus (NE), differentially expressed PRGs were selected for the establishment of the PPS. The discrimination effect of this PPS was detected by receiver operating characteristic curves, and the prognosis value of this PPS was determined through Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier curves. Net benefits of the EAC patients from the nomogram (constructed based on the PPS and some clinical parameters) were assessed via decision curve analysis. The potential molecular mechanism of the PPS in EAC was explored via gene set enrichment analysis. The ability of PPS to distinguish EAC and NE was evaluated based on the results of summary receiver operating characteristic curves.

Results
The significant prognostic value of PPS can be observed at all of the training cohort, test cohort, and validation cohort, such as its independent risk role in the prognosis of the EAC patients (hazard ratio > 0; 95% CI not including 0). The positive net benefits of the nomogram for the EAC patients can be detected via decision curve analysis, and the potential molecular mechanism of the PPS in EAC is likely related to cell pyroptosis. Last, some of the PRGs (particularly CASP5) included in this PPS specifically support its feasibility for identifying EAC (area under the curves > 0.7).

Conclusions
The construction of this PPS in EAC enhances the present understanding of the relationship between PRGs and EAC, thus representing a novel approach to the clinical identification and management of EAC based on PRGs.
Cyanidin 3-O-arabinoside suppresses DHT-induced dermal papilla cell senescence by modulating p38-dependent ER-mitochondria contacts
Authors: Jung Young Hyun , Chae Chang Woo , Choi Gee Euhn , Shin Him Cha , Lim Jae Ryong , Chang Han Seung , Park Joonmo , Cho Ji Hyeon , Park Mo Ran , Lee Hyun Jik , Han Ho Jae 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a genetic disorder caused by dihydrotestosterone (DHT), accompanied by the senescence of androgen-sensitive dermal papilla cells (DPCs) located in the base of hair follicles. DHT causes DPC senescence in AGA through mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the mechanism of this pathogenesis remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the protective role of cyanidins on DHT-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and DPC senescence and the regulatory mechanism involved.

Methods
DPCs were used to investigate the effect of DHT on mitochondrial dysfunction with MitoSOX and Rhod-2 staining. Senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity assay was performed to examine the involvement of membrane AR-mediated signaling in DHT-induced DPC senescence. AGA mice model was used to study the cyanidins on DHT-induced hair growth deceleration.

Results
Cyanidin 3-O-arabinoside (C3A) effectively decreased DHT-induced mtROS accumulation in DPCs, and C3A reversed the DHT-induced DPC senescence. Excessive mitochondrial calcium accumulation was blocked by C3A. C3A inhibited p38-mediated voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) expression that contributes to mitochondria-associated ER membrane (MAM) formation and transfer of calcium via VDAC1–IP3R1 interactions. DHT-induced MAM formation resulted in increase of DPC senescence. In AGA mice models, C3A restored DHT-induced hair growth deceleration, which activated hair follicle stem cell proliferation.

Conclusions
C3A is a promising natural compound for AGA treatments against DHT-induced DPC senescence through reduction of MAM formation and mitochondrial dysfunction.
Image features for quality analysis of thick blood smears employed in malaria diagnosis
Authors: Fong Amaris W. M. , Martinez Carol , Cortés-Cortés Liliana J. , Suárez Daniel R. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The World Health Organization (WHO) provides protocols for the diagnosis of malaria. One of them is related to the staining process of blood samples to guarantee the correct parasite visualization. Ensuring the quality of the staining procedure on thick blood smears (TBS) is a difficult task, especially in rural centres, where there are factors that can affect the smear quality (e.g. types of reagents employed, place of sample preparation, among others). This work presents an analysis of an image-based approach to evaluate the coloration quality of the staining process of TBS used for malaria diagnosis.

Methods
According to the WHO, there are different coloration quality descriptors of smears. Among those, the background colour is one of the best indicators of how well the staining process was conducted. An image database with 420 images (corresponding to 42 TBS samples) was created for analysing and testing image-based algorithms to detect the quality of the coloration of TBS. Background segmentation techniques were explored (based on RGB and HSV colour spaces) to separate the background and foreground (leukocytes, platelets, parasites) information. Then, different features (PCA, correlation, Histograms, variance) were explored as image criteria of coloration quality on the extracted background information; and evaluated according to their capability to classify images as with Good or Bad coloration quality from TBS.

Results
For background segmentation, a thresholding-based approach in the SV components of the HSV colour space was selected. It provided robustness separating the background information independently of its coloration quality. On the other hand, as image criteria of coloration quality, among the 19 feature vectors explored, the best one corresponds to the 15-bins histogram of the Hue component with classification rates of > 97%.

Conclusions
An analysis of an image-based approach to describe the coloration quality of TBS was presented. It was demonstrated that if a robust background segmentation is conducted, the histogram of the H component from the HSV colour space is the best feature vector to discriminate the coloration quality of the smears. These results are the baseline for automating the estimation of the coloration quality, which has not been studied before, but that can be crucial for automating TBS’s analysis for assisting malaria diagnosis process.
Distinct bronchial microbiome precedes clinical diagnosis of lung cancer
Authors: Marshall Erin A. , Filho Fernando S. L. , Sin Don D. , Lam Stephen , Leung Janice M. , Lam Wan L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractResident microbial populations have been detected across solid tumors of diverse origins. Sequencing of the airway microbiota represents an opportunity for establishing a novel omics approach to early detection of lung cancer, as well as risk prediction of cancer development. We hypothesize that bacterial shifts in the pre-malignant lung may be detected in non-cancerous airway liquid biopsies collected during bronchoscopy. We analyzed the airway microbiome profile of near 400 patients: epithelial brushing samples from those with lung cancer, those who developed an incident cancer, and those who do not develop cancer after 10-year follow-up. Using linear discriminate analysis, we define and validate a microbial-based classifier that is able to predict incident cancer in patients before diagnosis with no clinical signs of cancer. Our results demonstrate the potential of using lung microbiome profiling as a method for early detection of lung cancer.
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell promotes angiogenesis via integrin β1/ERK1/2/HIF-1α/VEGF-A signaling pathway for off-the-shelf breast tissue engineering
Authors: Wu Mian , Chen Lifeng , Qi Yuhan , Ci Hai , Mou Shan , Yang Jie , Yuan Qiaoyu , Yao Weiqi , Wang Zhenxing , Sun Jiaming 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC)-based tissue engineered breast represent the visible future for breast reconstruction after mastectomy. However, autologous MSCs might not be appropriate for the large graft construction due to cell senescence during excessive cell expansion, thus hindering its further off-the-shelf application. The human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) have been found to induce low immune response and can be easily stored, making them ideal for off-the-shelf tissue engineering application. Here, we explored the feasibility of using umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells as tissue-engineered breast seed cells.

Methods
The allogenic hUCMSCs were injected into transplanted fat tissue with or without breast scaffolds as an alternative for breast tissue engineering in vivo, and its potential mechanism of angiogenesis in vitro was explored.

Results
Transplantation of hUCMSCs promoted proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) through paracrine mechanism by activating the integrin β1/ERK1/2/HIF-1α/VEGF-A signaling pathway. Histological examination of grafted fat revealed that the group which received hUCMSCs transplantation had more fat tissue [(93.60 ± 2.40) %] and fewer MAC2+CD206− M1 macrophages [(0.50 ± 0.47) cells/field] compared to the control group [fat tissue (45.42 ± 5.96) and macrophage cells/field (5.00 ± 2.23)]. Moreover, the hUCMSCs- labeled with a tracing dye differentiated into adipocytes and vascular endothelial cells in the adipose tissue. When applied to the tissue-engineered breast with a scaffold, the group treated with hUCMSCs had more adipose tissues and CD31+ cells than the control group.

Conclusions
These results demonstrate that allogeneic hUCMSCs promote the regeneration of adipose tissue and can be used to construct a tissue engineered breast.
Shining the light on clinical application of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in autoimmune diseases
Authors: Jasim Saade Abdalkareem , Yumashev Alexei Valerievich , Abdelbasset Walid Kamal , Margiana Ria , Markov Alexander , Suksatan Wanich , Pineda Benjamin , Thangavelu Lakshmi , Ahmadi Seyed Hossein 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe autoimmune diseases are associated with the host immune system, chronic inflammation, and immune reaction against self-antigens, which leads to the injury and failure of several tissues. The onset of autoimmune diseases is related to unbalanced immune homeostasis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells which have capability to self-renew and differentiate into various cell types that exert a critical role in immunomodulation and regenerative therapy. Under the certain condition in vitro, MSCs are able to differentiate into multiple lineage such as osteoblasts, adipocytes, and neuron-like cells. Consequently, MSCs have a valuable application in cell treatment. Accordingly, in this review we present the last observations of researches on different MSCs and their efficiency and feasibility in the clinical treatment of several autoimmune disorders including rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmune liver disease, and Sjogren’s syndrome.
A direct, sensitive and high-throughput genus and species-specific molecular assay for large-scale malaria screening
Authors: Zhao Yaling , Zhao Ye , Sun Yu , Fan Lihua , Wang Duoquan , Wang Heng , Sun Xiaodong , Zheng Zhi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Infectious disease diagnostics often requires sensitive molecular assays that identify at both genus and species levels. For large scale screening, such as malaria screening for elimination, diagnostic assay can be a challenge, as both the throughput and cost of the assay must be considered. The requirement of nucleic acid extraction hampers the throughput of most molecular assays. Co-amplification of multiple species or multiplex identification either can result in missed diagnosis or are too costly for large-scale screening. A genus- and species-specific diagnostic assay with simplified procedure, high sensitivity and throughput is still needed. This study aimed to develop a sensitive and high-throughput approach for large-scale infectious disease screening.

Methods
We developed multi-section Capture and Ligation Probe PCR (mCLIP-PCR) for the direct detection of RNA without extraction and reverse transcription. Multiple tailed sandwich hybridization probes were used to bind at genus- and species-specific sections of the target RNA to cooperatively capture the target onto a 96-well plate. After enzymatic ligation of the bound probes, a single-stranded DNA formed at each section with distinct tail sequence at the ends. They were separately PCR-amplified with primers corresponding to tail sequences for genus or species identification. We applied the method to the active screening of Plasmodium infections of 4,580 asymptomatic dried blood spot samples collected in malaria endemic areas and compared the results with standard qPCR using linear regression.

Results
With multi-section cooperative capture but separate amplification strategy, we accurately identified genus Plasmodium and species P. falciparum and P. vivax without RNA extraction, with favorable sensitivities among the published reports. In the active screening, our method identified all 53 positive infections including two mixed infections, and two P. vivax infections that were missed by standard qPCR.

Conclusions
mCLIP-PCR provides a sensitive and high-throughput approach to large-scale infectious disease screening with low cost and labor, making it a valuable tool for malaria elimination in endemic region.

Graphical Abstract
Domain decomposition involving subdomain separable space representations for solving parametric problems in complex geometries
Authors: Kazemzadeh-Parsi Mohammad Javad , Ammar Amine , Chinesta Francisco 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA domain decomposition technique combined with an enhanced geometry mapping based on the use of NURBS is considered for solving parametrized models in complex geometries (non simply connected) within the so-called proper generalized decomposition (PGD) framework, enabling the expression of the solution in each subdomain in a fully separated form, involving both the space and the model parameters. NURBS allow a compact and powerful domain mapping into a fully separated reference geometry, while the PGD allows recovering an affine structure of the problem in the reference domain, facilitating the use of the standard PGD solver for computing the parametric solution in each subdomain first, and then by enforcing the interface transmission conditions, in the whole domain.
Conceptualising specialist supportive clinical management (SSCM): current evidence and future directions
Authors: Kiely Laura , Touyz Stephen , Conti Janet , Hay Phillipa 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Current evidence-based treatments for adult anorexia nervosa (AN) have limitations, with high attrition, very poor outcomes for 20% of people, and no clearly superior manualised therapy for adults with AN. Specialist Supportive Clinical Management (SSCM) was designed as a control treatment but has evolved as a valid first line treatment. The present paper aims to provide an overview of the evidence base for SSCM and a pedagogical reconceptualization with expansion by theoretical integration (TI).

Body
A secondary meta-analysis endorses SSCM as a promising treatment. This paper positions SSCM as a manualised therapy for adult AN with six unique features, namely (1) a philosophy which is person-centred, non-prescriptive, and informed by the person’s strengths and values, (2) a focus on the person through inclusion of supportive psychotherapy and problem (clinical management), within target symptoms as defined in relation to AN, (3) a flexible and responsive therapy that could be delivered by a variety of clinicians with experience treating AN (4) a commitment to reversing starvation though a directional approach and a defined yet flexible stance on dietetic intervention (5) a commitment to the therapeutic relationship within all three phases of treatment, and (6) a therapy ‘uncluttered’ by specific mandates. In addition, this paper positions SSCM as a treatment that may be strengthened by other modalities and may also be adapted to the treatment of other eating disorders (ED), not just AN. The level of therapist sophistication to deliver upon the supportive psychotherapy component is explored and future directions are offered.

Conclusion
SSCM is a unique and valid first line treatment for AN and would benefit from further expansion in line with emerging understandings of AN to strengthen it as a treatment. Speculation on aspects of potency would benefit from further testing. The proposed re-conceptualisation of SSCM in the context of its evidence may strengthen it as a treatment overall, position it as adaptable for treatment of other eating disorders and make it more accessible to clinicians.
Quality indicators and performance measures for prison healthcare: a scoping review
Authors: Bellass Sue , Canvin Krysia , McLintock Kate , Wright Nat , Farragher Tracey , Foy Robbie , Sheard Laura 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundInternationally, people in prison should receive a standard of healthcare provision equivalent to people living in the community. Yet efforts to assess the quality of healthcare through the use of quality indicators or performance measures have been much more widely reported in the community than in the prison setting. This review aims to provide an overview of research undertaken to develop quality indicators suitable for prison healthcare.MethodsAn international scoping review of articles published in English was conducted between 2004 and 2021. Searches of six electronic databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, Embase, PsycInfo and Criminal Justice Abstracts) were supplemented with journal searches, author searches and forwards and backwards citation tracking.ResultsTwelve articles were included in the review, all of which were from the United States. Quality indicator selection processes varied in rigour, and there was no evidence of patient involvement in consultation activities. Selected indicators predominantly measured healthcare processes rather than health outcomes or healthcare structure. Difficulties identified in developing performance measures for the prison setting included resource constraints, data system functionality, and the comparability of the prison population to the non-incarcerated population.ConclusionsSelecting performance measures for healthcare that are evidence-based, relevant to the population and feasible requires rigorous and transparent processes. Balanced sets of indicators for prison healthcare need to reflect prison population trends, be operable within data systems and be aligned with equivalence principles. More effort needs to be made to meaningfully engage people with lived experience in stakeholder consultations on prison healthcare quality. Monitoring healthcare structure, processes and outcomes in prison settings will provide evidence to improve care quality with the aim of reducing health inequalities experienced by people living in prison.