bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preliminary Application of Magnetization Transfer Imaging in the Study of Normal Uterus and Uterine Lesions
Authors: Bi Qiu , Li Qing , Yang Jing , Yang Junyu , Du Ji , Ding Fan , Wu Yunzhu , Wang Shaoyu , Zhao Ying 
Published: July 2022

PurposeThe aim of this study is to evaluate the utility of magnetization transfer (MT) imaging in the study of normal uterus and common uterine lesions.MethodsThis prospective study enrolled 160 consecutive patients with suspected uterine lesions. MT ratio (MTR) map was obtained by pelvic MT imaging on a 3.0T MRI scanner. Patients confirmed by pathology were divided into microscopic lesion group and lesion group, according to whether the maximum diameter of the lesion was less than 5 mm. After evaluating and eliminating patients with poor image quality by a three-point Likert scale, MTR values of lesions and normal endometrium, myometrium, and cervix were independently measured on the MTR map by two radiologists. Inter-reader agreement was evaluated. MTR values were compared among different uterine lesions and normal uterine structures using the Mann–Whitney U test with Bonferroni correction. Receiver operating characteristic curve was performed. The correlations between age and MTR values were explored by Pearson correlation analyses.ResultsA total of 96 patients with 121 uterine lesions in the lesion group and 41 patients in the microscopic lesion group were measured. The MTR values among normal endometrium, myometrium, and cervix were statistical significant differences (P &lt; 0.05). There were significant differences between endometrial cancer and normal endometrium and between cervical cancer and normal cervix (both P ≤ 0.001). Area under the curve (AUC) for diagnosing endometrial and cervical cancer were 0.73 and 0.86. Myometrial lesions had significantly higher MTR values than endometrial lesions and cervical cancer (both P &lt; 0.001), and the AUC for differentiating myometrial lesions from them were 0.89 and 0.94. MTR values of endometrial cancer were significantly higher than those of cervical cancer (P = 0.02). There was a critical correlation between age and MTR values in endometrial cancer (r = 0.81, P = 0.04).ConclusionsMTR values showed significant differences among normal uterine structures. It was valuable for diagnosing and differentiating uterine cancer. MTR values could differentiate myometrial lesions from endometrial or cervical lesions.
Radiomic Signatures for Predicting EGFR Mutation Status in Lung Cancer Brain Metastases
Authors: Zheng Lie , Xie Hui , Luo Xiao , Yang Yadi , Zhang Yijun , Li Yue , Yin Shaohan , Li Hui , Xie Chuanmiao 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundLung cancer is the most common primary tumor metastasizing to the brain. A significant proportion of lung cancer patients show epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status discordance between the primary cancer and the corresponding brain metastases, which can affect prognosis and therapeutic decision-making. However, it is not always feasible to obtain brain metastases samples. The aim of this study was to establish a radiomic model to predict the EGFR mutation status of lung cancer brain metastases.MethodsData from 162 patients with resected brain metastases originating from lung cancer (70 with mutant EGFR, 92 with wild-type EGFR) were retrospectively analyzed. Radiomic features were extracted using preoperative brain magnetic resonance (MR) images (contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging, T1CE; T2-weighted imaging, T2WI; T2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, T2 FLAIR; and combinations of these sequences), to establish machine learning-based models for predicting the EGFR status of excised brain metastases (108 metastases for training and 54 metastases for testing). The least absolute shrinkage selection operator was used to select informative features; radiomics models were built with logistic regression of the training cohort, and model performance was evaluated using an independent test set.ResultsThe best-performing model was a combination of 10 features selected from multiple sequences (two from T1CE, five from T2WI, and three from T2 FLAIR) in both the training and test sets, resulting in classification area under the curve, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity values of 0.85 and 0.81, 77.8% and 75.9%, 83.7% and 73.1%, and 73.8% and 78.6%, respectively.ConclusionsRadiomic signatures integrating multi-sequence MR images have the potential to noninvasively predict the EGFR mutation status of lung cancer brain metastases.
The Impact of Autism Spectrum Disorder on Parents in Arab Countries: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Alkhateeb Jamal M. , Hadidi Muna S. , Mounzer Wissam 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundHaving a child with autism spectrum disorder can have significant psychological effects on parents. This systematic review summarizes the current state of literature underscoring the impact of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) on parents in Arab countriesMethodsA systematic search of seven databases (PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Google Scholar, ERIC, Academic Search Complete, and PsycINFO) was performed, which identified 24 studies (20 quantitative studies and four qualitative studies) that included 3,299 parents or caregivers of children with ASD. These studies were conducted in 10 Arab countries (Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Egypt, Kuwait, Bahrain, Oman, Emirates, Palestine, Qatar, and Lebanon).ResultsThe majority of the included studies found that ASD has a significant negative impact on the mental health and wellbeing of Arab parents. It was found that parents of children with ASD have a poor quality of life (QoL) and an increased risk of psychological disorders. These findings were in contrast to findings of parents of typically developing children and children with other developmental disorders. Challenges faced by parents of children with ASD were associated with several child- and parent-related factors. The most common coping strategy used by parents was religious coping.ConclusionThe impact of ASD on parents has only recently gained traction among researchers in Arab countries. Despite several knowledge gaps, published studies have provided useful information outlining the impact of ASD on parents in some of these countries. Further research comprising larger random samples and using varied research and data-collection methods is required to understand the multifaceted challenges experienced by parents raising children with ASD in Arab countries.
Lamotrigine and Lithium Combination for Treatment of Rapid Cycling Bipolar Disorder: Results From Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhihan Gao , Fengli Sun , Wangqiang Lv , Dong Shen , Weidong Jin 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to observe the effect of combination of lithium and lamotrigine in treatment of rapid-cycling bipolar disorder (RCBD).MethodWe searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library in English and CBM, CNKI, WANFANG, and CSSCI in Chinese to find literature from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2020 related to the combination of lithium carbonate and lamotrigine for treatment of RCBD.ResultsFive comparison studies with 265 subjects of 131 cases in a study group and 134 cases in a control group met the inclusion criteria and were included for the final meta-analysis. The comprehensive analysis shows that the study group had a significant lower score in mental symptoms than the control group (Z = 2.34, P = 0.02) with a random model (X2 = 33.02, df = 7, P &lt; 0.01). However, the differences were only shown in PANSS (Z = 5.18, P &lt; 0.01) and BPRS (Z = 3.08, P &lt; 0.01). There was no difference in response rate (54.9 vs. 45.7%; OR = 1.47; 95% CI: 0.79~2.73; Z = 1.21, P &gt; 0.05,) and remission rate (47.9 vs. 45.9%; OR = 1.05; 95% CI: 0.49~2.25; Z = 0.13, P &gt; 0.05,) found between the two groups. The response rate of lamotrigine and lithium combination was significantly higher compare to that of monotherapy of lithium in patients with no treatment resistant (82 vs. 54%; OR = 4.26; 95% CI: 1.65~10.99; Z = 3.99, P &lt; 0.01) with the fixed effect model (X2 = 0.89, df = 1, P &gt; 0.05, I2 = 0%).ConclusionThe combination of lithium and lamotrigine resulted in better improvement of psychotic symptoms and higher response rate in patients with RCBP with no treatment resistant.
Leveraging Innovative Financing Strategy to Increase Coverage and Resources Among Informal Sector for Social Health Insurance Within the Nigerian Context of Devolution: Evidence From Adoption Model Implementation
Authors: Onyemaechi Simeon Beluonwu , Ezenwaka Uchenna Rita 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundEnrollment in sub-national social health insurance schemes (SSHIS) can be challenging in developing countries like Nigeria, particularly among people in the informal sector. This could be due to a lack of knowledge on its mode of operation and benefits, distrust in government, inimical religious and traditional beliefs, as well as constraining economic factors. A complementary and innovative financing strategy such as the philanthropist adoption model (ADM) could be beneficial in improving SSHIS coverage and financial resources among persons in the informal sector. The study provides new evidence on how ADM influenced health insurance coverage and resources within SSHIS among informal settings in Nigeria. It also highlights contextual factors influencing the implementation of ADM.MethodsThis study employed a mixed-methods case-study approach undertaken in Anambra State, Southeast Nigeria. Data were collected through in-depth interviews (n = 14), document review (n = 12), and quantitative (enrollment data) methods. The respondents were purposively selected based on their involvement with the implementation of the SSHIS. Data analysis for qualitative data was done using the manual thematic framework approach while descriptive analysis was performed for the quantitative data.ResultsThe implementation of ADM was a valuable and effective strategy for improving knowledge, coverage, and resource mobilization (annual premium pool) within the SSHIS in the informal sector. The main enablers of the implementation of ADM include strong political will and commitment, wider stakeholders' consultation and collaboration, numerous public-spirited philanthropists, and legal institutionalization of health insurance. Other enablers include organizational factors like good teamwork among Anambra State Health Insurance Agency (ASHIA) staff, enabling work environment (incentives, supervision, office space), and experienced marketers in the agency. However, ADM had several barriers that affected its implementation—acceptability issues due to distrust for government and the health system, health systems barriers including substandard health facilities and equipment, and inimical cultural and religious beliefs about health insurance.ConclusionThe study demonstrates a case for the implementation of innovative ADM as a strategy for enhancing SSHIS financial sustainability and coverage of persons in the informal sector. Hence, the strategy should be adopted in settings where philanthropy abounds for increasing access to quality healthcare delivery to poor beneficiaries toward achieving universal health coverage in developing countries.
Time to Recovery From Moderate Acute Malnutrition and Its Predictors Among Children 6–59 Months of Age Enrolled in Targeted Supplementary Feeding Program in Darolebu District, Eastern Ethiopia: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Rashid Mohammed Yahya , Kebira Jemal Yusuf , Oljira Lemessa , Dheresa Merga 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundAcute malnutrition is a major global public health problem, particularly in low and middle-income countries. A targeted supplementary feeding program is an approach recommended to address moderate acute malnutrition in food insecure settings. Preventing and treating moderate acute malnutrition requires identifying factors shown to affect the treatment outcome and duration of stay on treatment. This study aimed to determine the treatment outcome and predictors of recovery time from moderate acute malnutrition among children 6–59 months of age in Darolebu district, Eastern Ethiopia.MethodsA retrospective cohort study design was conducted on 540 children with moderate acute malnutrition. A Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was used to estimate the recovery time. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to determine the association between the independent and the outcome variables. The proportional hazard assumption of the model was checked graphically and statistically. Any violation of the proportional hazard assumption of the model was also considered and adjusted in the analysis. Finally, a variable with a P-value &lt;0.05 in the multivariate cox regression model was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe overall recovery rate was 73% (95% CI 69.4–76.4%) with the median time to recovery of 16 weeks. Being between the ages of 24 and 59 months (AHR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.01–1.54), having a mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) at admission between 11.5 and 11.9 cm (AHR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.34–2.61), walking for an hour or less to receive services (AHR = 1.2, 95% CI: 1.02–1.89), using ready-to-use supplementary food (AHR= 1.8, 95%CI: 1.38–2.39) were significant predictors of recovery time.ConclusionThe recovery rate was slightly below the accepted minimum international standard, suggesting that further work is needed to improve the treatment outcomes and mortality and morbidity associated with moderate acute malnutrition.
Computer Visual Syndrome in Medical Students From a Private University in Paraguay: A Survey Study
Authors: Coronel-Ocampos Johanna , Gómez Jonathan , Gómez Alexis , Quiroga-Castañeda Pedro P. , Valladares-Garrido Mario J. 
Published: July 2022

PurposeTo determine the prevalence and factors associated with computer vision syndrome in medical students at a private university in Paraguay.MethodsA survey study was conducted in 2021 in a sample of 228 medical students from the Universidad del Pacífico, Paraguay. The dependent variable was CVS, measured with the Computer Visual Syndrome Questionnaire (CVS-Q). Its association with covariates (hours of daily use of notebook, smartphone, tablet and PC, taking breaks when using equipment, use of preventive visual measures, use of glasses, etc.) was examined.ResultsThe mean age was 22.3 years and 71.5% were women. CVS was present in 82.5% of participants. Higher prevalence of CVS was associated with wearing a framed lens (PR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.03–1.20). In contrast, taking a break when using electronic equipment at least every 20 min and every 1 h reduced 7% (PR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.87–0.99) and 6% (PR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.89–0.99) the prevalence of CVS, respectively.ConclusionEight out of 10 students experienced CVS during the COVID-19 pandemic. The use of framed lenses increased the presence of CVS, while taking breaks when using electronic equipment at least every 20 min and every 1 h reduced CVS.
Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines and Risk of Kidney Stones: A Cross-Sectional Study in US Adults
Authors: Zhang Guangyuan , Zou Xiangyu , Mao Weipu , Chen Ming 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundHeterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) are a group of harmful substances produced while cooking meat at high temperatures. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between HAAs and the occurrence of kidney stones.MethodsData on the level of four HAAs, including 2-Amino-9H-pyrido [2, 3-b] indole (A-α-C), 1-Methyl-9H-pyrido [3, 4-b] indole (Harman), 9H-Pyrido [3, 4-b] indole (Norharman), and 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo [4, 5-b] pyridine (PhIP), in the urine from adult participants were extracted from the 2013–2014 NHANES database. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance confounding variables between the stone former and non-stone former groups, and logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the relationship between HAAs and the occurrence of kidney stones.ResultsOf the 1,558 eligible participants, a history of kidney stones was self-reported by 140 (9.0%). Compared to non-stone formers, stone formers had higher concentrations of A-α-C, Harman, and Norharman and lower concentrations of PhlP in urine. After adjusting for all other confounding variables, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the high-Harman group had a higher risk of kidney stones than the low-Harman group [adjusted odds ratios (aOR) = 1.618, 95% CI: 1.076–2.433, p = 0.021]. After PSM analysis, Harman concentration remained a risk factor for kidney stones (high-Harman group vs. low-Harman group: aOR = 1.951, 95% CI: 1.059–3.596, p = 0.032).ConclusionIncreased urinary Harman concentrations are associated with an increased risk of kidney stones in the general US population.
Reliability of Evidence to Guide Decision-Making in the Use of Acupuncture for Postpartum Depression
Authors: Hu Xiuwu , Fan Qian , Ma Li , Jin Rui , Gong Rui , Zhao Xiaoying , Qiu Fenfen , Zhou Liang 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundThere is conflicting evidence on the effectiveness of acupuncture in the treatment of postpartum depression (PPD). This study aimed to assess previous systematic reviews/meta-analyses (SRs/MAs) on the effectiveness of acupuncture to treat PPD.MethodSRs/MAs regarding the use of acupuncture for PPD were identified from the establishment of digital databases to November 2021. The Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR-2) was applied to evaluate the methodological quality of included SRs/MAs. The Grades of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) was utilized to evaluate the evidence quality for outcomes of interest.ResultsSix studies that conducted quantitative syntheses were included. According to AMSTAR-2, the methodological quality of these SRs/MAs was critically low owing to limitations of items 2, 4, and 7. According to GRADE, no study included high-quality evidence and most studies included low-quality evidence.ConclusionsAcupuncture m be beneficial for PPD, however, due to limitations of current evidence and inconsistent findings, further studies are needed to provide stronger evidence to draw definitive conclusions.
Effects and Interaction of Meteorological Factors on Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Urumqi, China, 2013–2019
Authors: Nie Yanwu , Lu Yaoqin , Wang Chenchen , Yang Zhen , Sun Yahong , Zhang Yuxia , Tian Maozai , Rifhat Ramziya , Zhang Liping 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundMost existing studies have only investigated the delayed effect of meteorological factors on pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). However, the effect of extreme climate and the interaction between meteorological factors on PTB has been rarely investigated.MethodsNewly diagonsed PTB cases and meteorological factors in Urumqi in each week between 2013 and 2019 were collected. The lag-exposure-response relationship between meteorological factors and PTB was analyzed using the distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM). The generalized additive model (GAM) was used to visualize the interaction between meteorological factors. Stratified analysis was used to explore the impact of meteorological factors on PTB in different stratification and RERI, AP and SI were used to quantitatively evaluate the interaction between meteorological factors.ResultsA total of 16,793 newly diagnosed PTB cases were documented in Urumqi, China from 2013 to 2019. The median (interquartile range) temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and PTB cases were measured as 11.3°C (−5.0–20.5), 57.7% (50.7–64.2), 4.1m/s (3.4–4.7), and 47 (37–56), respectively. The effects of temperature, relative humidity and wind speed on PTB were non-linear, which were found with the “N”-shaped, “L”-shaped, “N”-shaped distribution, respectively. With the median meteorological factor as a reference, extreme low temperature was found to have a protective effect on PTB. However, extreme high temperature, extreme high relative humidity, and extreme high wind speed were found to increase the risk of PTB and peaked at 31.8°C, 83.2%, and 7.6 m/s respectively. According to the existing monitoring data, no obvious interaction between meteorological factors was found, but low temperature and low humidity (RR = 1.149, 95%CI: 1.003–1.315), low temperature and low wind speed (RR = 1.273, 95%CI: 1.146–1.415) were more likely to cause the high incidence of PTB.ConclusionTemperature, relative humidity and wind speed were found to play vital roles in PTB incidence with delayed and non-linear effects. Extreme high temperature, extreme high relative humidity, and extreme high wind speed could increase the risk of PTB. Moreover, low temperature and low humidity, low temperature and low wind speed may increase the incidence of PTB.
Tinjauan Sains dan Teologi Penciptaan Terhadap Pandangan Kreasionis Bumi Muda dan Kreasionis Bumi Tua
Authors: Soegijanto Timothy 
Published: July 2022

Makalah ini dilatarbelakangi pandangan dari kalangan tertentu (khususnya kalangan ateis) bahwa agama Kristen tidak ilmiah, bahkan anti-ilmiah, terutama berkaitan dengan asal mula terjadinya alam semesta. Secara umum terdapat dua pandangan tentang asal mula alam semesta dan asal usul makhluk hidup, yaitu pandangan naturalisme dan pandangan kreasionisme. Di kalangan Kristen (yang berpandangan kreasionisme) masih terdapat tiga pandangan, yaitu: kreasionis bumi muda, evolusi teistik, dan kreasionis bumi tua yang menolak teori evolusi. Makalah ini disusun untuk menjawab pertanyaan: Pandangan manakah yang paling tepat untuk direkomendasikan (khususnya terkait dengan perkembangan temuan sains kontemporer)? Untuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut, penulis menggunakan metode riset literatur, mengumpulkan dan menguraikan pokok-pokok pikiran dari ketiga pandangan beserta kekuatan dan kelemahannya. Analisis terhadap kekuatan dan kelemahan dari ketiga pandangan tersebut dilakukan dari perspektif sains dan teologi penciptaan, dan diakhiri dengan kesimpulan dan jawaban atas pertanyaan makalah. Sebagai kesimpulan, penulis menyimpulkan bahwa pandangan kreasionis bumi muda dan evolusi teistik mempunyai posisi lemah dan sulit dipertahankan dan merekomendasikan pandangan kreasionis bumi tua.