bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An annoying enteric virus: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of human astroviruses and gastrointestinal complications in children
Authors: Razizadeh Mohammad Hossein , Pourrostami Kumars , Kachooei Atefeh , Zarei Mohammad , Asghari Milad , Hamldar Shahrzad , Khatami Alireza 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHuman astroviruses (HAstVs) have frequently been detected in individuals with acute gastroenteritis (AGE). However, a precise estimate of the overall prevalence of the virus in children with AGE as well as the possible association of the virus with gastrointestinal complications is not available up to now. The present study estimated the overall prevalence of HAstVs in children with gastrointestinal complications as well as the association between the virus and symptoms. We systematically searched four international databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google scholar) to find studies on the prevalence of HAstVs in people with AGE published between Jan 2000 and Sep 2021. Analysis of the 223 included studies presented a 4.2% (95% CI 3.8%–4.8%) prevalence of the virus in AGE individuals. Based on case‐control studies, a significant association between these viruses and AGE was detected (OR: 2.059, 95% CI; 1.438–2.949). HAstV‐1 and HAstV‐VA‐2 is the most and least common genotypes in the AGE patients, respectively (59.0%, 95% CI: 52.1%–65.6% vs. 4.9%, 95% CI: 2.6%–9.1%). Due to the statistically significant association between HAstV and gastrointestinal complications, more attention should be paid to these viruses in people with AGE and more studies should employ case‐control design.
Six‐Pointed Star Chiral Cobalt Superstructures with Strong Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Wang Gaoyang , Hao Changlong , Chen Chen , Kuang Hua , Xu Chuanlai , Xu Liguang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractChiral inorganic nanomaterials have shown promise as a potential means of combating bacteria due to their high levels of biocompatibility, easy surface modification, and excellent optical properties. In this study, a diverse range of chiral hierarchical nanomaterials are prepared from Co2+ and L/D‐Tartaric acid (Tar) ligands. By combining the ligands in different ratios, chiral Co superstructures (Co SS) are obtained with different morphologies, including chiral nanoflowers, chiral nanohanamaki, a chiral six‐pointed star, a chiral fan shape, and a chiral fusiform shape. It is found that the chiral six‐pointed star structures exhibit chiroptical activity across a broad range of wavelengths from 300 to 1300 nm and that the g‐factor is as high as 0.033 with superparamagnetic properties. Under the action of electromagnetic fields, the chiral six‐pointed star Co SS shows excellent killing ability against Gram‐positive Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923). Compared to L‐Co SS, D‐Co SS shows stronger levels of antibacterial ability. It is found that the levels of reactive oxygen species generated by D‐Co SS are 1.59‐fold higher than L‐Co SS which is attributed to chiral‐induced spin selectivity effects. These findings are of significance for the further development of chiral materials with antibacterial properties.
Breed distribution of spontaneous chronic corneal epithelial defects in UK dogs
Authors: Bradley Claire , Sansom Philip G. , Carter Wallace J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to assess the risk of bilateral disease in dogs affected by spontaneous chronic corneal epithelial defects (SCCEDs) and identify any recent changes in the distribution of breeds affected.MethodsMedical records of dogs assessed at a single ophthalmic centre for the management of SCCEDs between 2007 and 2020 were reviewed, and clinical data were extracted.ResultsThree hundred and seven dogs met the inclusion criteria. Boxers (129 dogs), Staffordshire Bull Terriers (37 dogs) and French Bulldogs (20 dogs) were most frequently affected. Overall, the median age at presentation was 8 years (range 1–15 years), but French Bulldogs had a younger median age of 6 years. Boxers, French Bulldogs and Staffordshire Bull Terriers showed higher odds of bilateral ulceration (odds ratio 1.79, 1.65 and 1.64, respectively) compared to the overall study population. The median time between presentations when both eyes were affected was 4 months (range 0–42 months). There was a statistically significant increase in French Bulldogs, a reduction in Boxers and a stable number of Staffordshire Bull Terriers treated for this condition. However, as the effective sample size from each individual breed was small, further studies would be beneficial to confirm these findings.ConclusionThe results from this study suggest a shift in breed distribution. The risk of bilateral disease is higher in the three breeds reported here, and owners should be counselled appropriately at the initial examination.
Moxidectin use in Scottish sheep flocks suggests a need for clearer product labelling and communication of updated SCOPS guidelines
Authors: McIntyre Jennifer , Miskell Laura , Morgan Eric R. , Lovatt Fiona , Laing Roz 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundGuidelines for sustainable use of moxidectin were established in 2020. This study aimed to identify how Scottish sheep farmers are using this key endectocide and estimate its effectiveness against gastrointestinal nematodes.MethodsQuestionnaires were distributed to sheep farmers across Scotland, and analysis focused on moxidectin use in relation to Sustainable Control of Parasites in Sheep (SCOPS) guidelines. Farmers using moxidectin in their flock volunteered to submit post‐treatment sheep faecal samples, which were analysed for the presence of gastrointestinal nematodes using faecal egg counts with polymerase chain reaction to determine species.ResultsDespite 70% of farmers using moxidectin in 2020, knowledge levels varied: 24% of farmers included other anthelmintics when asked about moxidectin use. Moxidectin was used for a wide variety of reasons, and most farmers did not consistently follow SCOPS guidelines. Despite only 2 of 76 farmers reporting failure of moxidectin treatment, gastrointestinal nematodes were found following moxidectin treatment on five out of six farms tested and included Teladorsagia circumcincta, Cooperia curticei, Haemonchus contortus and Nematodirus sp.ConclusionFindings from this project indicate the need for improved anthelmintic product labelling and farmer support to encourage sustainable use. The presence of nematodes in treated animals is suggestive of anthelmintic resistance.
High seroprevalence of Leishmania infantum infection in dogs and its associated risk factors in selected towns of Southwest and West Shewa zones of Oromia, Ethiopia
Authors: Gebremedhin Endrias Zewdu , Weya Weraka , Dima Chala , Zewde Demeke , Lo Presti Vincenzo Di Marco , Vitale Maria 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundLeishmania infantum infection can result in serious vector‐borne zoonotic disease such as visceral leishmaniasis. The objectives of the study were to estimate the seroprevalence and associated risk factors in Weliso, Ambo, and Ejaji towns in the Southwest and West Shewa zones, Oromia, Ethiopia.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted from October 2019 to September 2020. A total of 368 canines were sampled for the study using a basic random sampling procedure. An Indirect ELISA kit was used to test the presence of rK39 antigen eliciting specific antibodies in a serum sample. The association between L. infantum seropositivity and possible risk factors was assessed using Pearson's Chi‐square and logistic regression tests.ResultsThe overall seroprevalence of L. infantum in dogs was found to be 84.24% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 80%–88%) with seroprevalences ranging from 76.11% (95% CI: 67%–84%) in Ambo to 79.82% (95% CI: 71%–87%) in Weliso, and higher seroprevalence, in Ejaji 93.84% (95% CI: 89%–97%). In a univariable logistic regression analysis, town (p = 0.001), season (p = 0.001), mixed living (indoor/outdoor) environment (p = 0.003), and kebele (p ≤ 0.05) were all found to be significantly linked with L. infantum seropositivity. In the multivariable analysis, wet season (p = 0.001) and mixed living environments (p = 0.025) were found to be independent predictors of L. infantum seropositivity.ConclusionsThis is the first comprehensive report of L. infantum infection in Ethiopian dogs. The very high seroprevalence suggests that dogs may play an important role in maintaining and spreading the infection to humans. Improvement of the living environment and health care facilities for dogs and humans as well health education for people awareness is suggested.
High Resolution Measurements of Heat Transfer During Drop Impingement onto a Heated Wall
Authors: Gholijani Alireza , Fischer Sebastian , Gambaryan-Roisman Tatiana , Stephan Peter 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDrop impact on a hot surface heated above the saturation temperature of the fluid plays an important role in spray cooling. The heat transferred from the wall to the fluid is closely interrelated with drop hydrodynamics. If the surface temperature is below the Leidenfrost temperature, the heat transport strongly depends on the transport phenomena in the vicinity of the three-phase contact line. Due to extremely high local heat flux, a significant fraction of the total heat flow is transported through this region. The local transport processes near the three-phase contact line, and, therefore, the total heat transport, are determined by the wall superheat, contact line velocity, system pressure, fluid composition, surface structure and physical properties on the wall. The effect of the aforementioned influencing parameters on fluid dynamics and heat transport during evaporation of a single meniscus in a capillary slot are studied in a generic experimental setup. The hydrodynamics and evolution of wall heat flux distribution during the impact of a single drop onto a hot wall are also studied experimentally by varying the impact parameters, wall superheat, system pressure, and wall topography. In addition, the fluid dynamics and heat transport behavior during vertical and horizontal coalescence of multiple drops on a heated surface are studied experimentally.
Mechanical and Electrical Phenomena of Droplets Under the Influence of High Electric Fields
Authors: Löwe Jens-Michael , Kempf Michael , Hinrichsen Volker 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHigh-voltage composite insulators are specially designed to withstand different environmental conditions to ensure a reliable and efficient electric power distribution and transmission. Especially, outdoor insulators are exposed to rain, snow or ice, which might significantly affect the performance of the insulators. The interaction of sessile water droplets and electric fields is investigated under various boundary conditions. Besides the general behavior of sessile droplets, namely the deformation and oscillation, the inception field strength for partial discharges is examined depending on the droplet volume, strength and frequency of the electric field and the electric charge. Particularly, the electric charge is identified to significantly affect the droplet behavior as well as the partial discharge inception field strength. In addition to ambient conditions, the impact of electric fields on ice nucleation is investigated under well-defined conditions with respect to the temperature and electric field strength. High electric field strengths are identified to significantly promote ice nucleation, especially in case of alternating and transient electric fields. Different influencing factors like the strengths, frequencies and time constants of the electric fields are investigated. Consequently, the performed experiments enhance the knowledge of the behavior of water droplets under the impact of electric fields under various conditions.
Investigation of the Behaviour of Supercooled Droplets Concerning Evaporation, Sublimation and Freezing Under Different Boundary Conditions
Authors: Reutzsch Jonathan , Kunberger Verena , Reitzle Martin , Ruberto Stefano , Weigand Bernhard 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPhase change processes of supercooled droplets at different boundary conditions are presented. This study is a summary of the current developments within subproject B1 of the SFB-TRR 75 with the focus on evaporation, sublimation, and freezing of supercooled droplets. To this end, new numerical methods to describe the phase transition were developed and novel strategies dealing with the challenges of droplets under extreme conditions are presented. The numerical solution procedure of all phase changes are summarized in a compact way within this work. In order to validate the numerical models, experiments were conducted. For this, new experimental setups and approaches were developed. These comprise a test chamber for optical levitation of supercooled droplets, which is able to trap a droplet by means of a laser beam at subzero temperatures and variable ambient humidity. Comparisons of the numerical simulations and the conducted experiments are presented for several phase change processes. The results are in very good agreement and proof the capability of the methods.
Experimental Investigations of Near-critical Fluid Phenomena by the Application of Laser Diagnostic Methods
Authors: Lamanna Grazia , Steinhausen Christoph , Preusche Andreas , Dreizler Andreas 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPhysics of supercritical fluids is extremely complex and not yet fully understood. The importance of the presented investigations into the physics of supercritical fluids is twofold. First, the presented approach links the microscopic dynamics and macroscopic thermodynamics of supercritical fluids. Second, free falling droplets in a near to supercritical environment are investigated using spontaneous Raman scattering and a laser induced fluorescence/phosphorescence thermometry approach. The resulting spectroscopic data are employed to validate theoretical predictions of an improved evaporation model. Finally, laser induced thermal acoustics is used to investigate acoustic damping rates in the supercritical region of pure fluids.
Masculinity in Early Feminist Philosophy
Authors: Almassi Ben 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this chapter we turn to early Western feminist political philosophy, with particular attention to Mary Wollstonecraft, Harriet Taylor, and John Stuart Mill, to see what sort of visions for men and masculinity can be found there. Since Wollstonecraft’sVindication of the Rights of Woman(1792), Taylor’s “The Enfranchisement of Women” (1851), and Mill’sThe Subjection of Women(1869), liberal political philosophy has been a fertile ground for feminism. These texts in particular offer powerful critiques of traditional femininity and distinctive defenses of sexual equality. This is not to say Wollstonecraft, Taylor, and Mill have nothing to say about masculinity or men’s relationship to sexual equality; the harmful effects of patriarchy on both women and men are central to their positions. Yet these foundational texts offer limited positive visions for men and masculinity, with a kind of partial androgyny on the one side and universal masculinity on the other.
Facets of ICP-MS and their potential in the medical sciences—Part 2: nanomedicine, immunochemistry, mass cytometry, and bioassays
Authors: Clases David , Gonzalez de Vega Raquel 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Inductively coupled–plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has transformed our knowledge on the role of trace and major elements in biology and has emerged as the most versatile technique in elemental mass spectrometry. The scope of ICP-MS has dramatically changed since its inception, and nowadays, it is a mature platform technology that is compatible with chromatographic and laser ablation (LA) systems. Over the last decades, it kept pace with various technological advances and was inspired by interdisciplinary approaches which endorsed new areas of applications. While the first part of this review was dedicated to fundamentals in ICP-MS, its hyphenated techniques and the application in biomonitoring, isotope ratio analysis, elemental speciation analysis, and elemental bioimaging, this second part will introduce relatively current directions in ICP-MS and their potential to provide novel perspectives in the medical sciences. In this context, current directions for the characterisation of novel nanomaterials which are considered for biomedical applications like drug delivery and imaging platforms will be discussed while considering different facets of ICP-MS including single event analysis and dedicated hyphenated techniques. Subsequently, immunochemistry techniques will be reviewed in their capability to expand the scope of ICP-MS enabling analysis of a large range of biomolecules alongside elements. These methods inspired mass cytometry and imaging mass cytometry and have the potential to transform diagnostics and treatment by offering new paradigms for personalised medicine. Finally, the interlacing of immunochemistry methods, single event analysis, and functional nanomaterials has opened new horizons to design novel bioassays which promise potential as assets for clinical applications and larger screening programs and will be discussed in their capabilities to detect low-level proteins and nucleic acids.
Graphical abstract
A novel fast image encryption scheme based on a new one-dimensional compound sine chaotic system
Authors: Tang Jianeng , Zhang Feng , Ni Hui 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn the paper, a new one-dimensional (1-D) compound Sine chaotic system (CSCS) is first proposed. Then new chaotic maps are generated by the CSCS. And four novel generated maps are used for the illustration about the CSCS. Secondly, the results of performance analysis show that the four maps have large Lyapunov exponents and high complexity. Thirdly, a high-efficiency image encryption scheme is proposed by employing two of the four new produced chaotic maps. In the proposed encryption scheme, the simplest diffusion operation is used. And we use a variety of scrambling operations, such as Zigzag transform, Magic confusion and the row confusion. In addition, to increase key space and in order to improve the ability to resist two kinds of attacks, namely the known plaintext attack and the selected plaintext attack, the control parameters and the initial values of the two new chaotic systems are generated based on the SHA-256 function. Finally, compared to other schemes, simulation tests show that our scheme not only has higher security but also faster encryption speed.
A Simple Algorithm for Higher-Order Delaunay Mosaics and Alpha Shapes
Authors: Edelsbrunner Herbert , Osang Georg 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe present a simple algorithm for computing higher-order Delaunay mosaics that works in Euclidean spaces of any finite dimensions. The algorithm selects the vertices of the order-k mosaic from incrementally constructed lower-order mosaics and uses an algorithm for weighted first-order Delaunay mosaics as a black-box to construct the order-k mosaic from its vertices. Beyond this black-box, the algorithm uses only combinatorial operations, thus facilitating easy implementation. We extend this algorithm to compute higher-order $$\alpha $$
α
-shapes and provide open-source implementations. We present experimental results for properties of higher-order Delaunay mosaics of random point sets.
Mindfulness is associated with severity of peripheral neuropathy and related patient-reported outcomes among colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Bonhof Cynthia S. , van de Poll-Franse Lonneke V. , de Hingh Ignace H. , Vreugdenhil Gerard , Mols Floortje 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Purpose
Despite the detrimental impact of chronic (chemotherapy-induced) peripheral neuropathy PN on patients’ lives, treatment options remain limited. We examined the association between mindfulness and chronic PN symptom severity and impairments in related patient-reported outcomes (PROs) among colorectal cancer (CRC) patients up to 2 years after diagnosis.

Methods
Newly diagnosed stage I–IV CRC patients from four Dutch hospitals were eligible for participation. Patients (N = 336) completed a questionnaire on mindfulness (MAAS) at 1 year after diagnosis, and questionnaires on sensory (SPN) and motor peripheral neuropathy (MPN) (EORTC QLQ-CIPN20), anxiety and depressive symptoms (HADS), sleep quality (PSQI), and fatigue (EORTC QLQ-C30) before initial treatment (baseline) and 1 and 2 years after diagnosis.

Results
At 1-year follow-up, 115 patients (34%) and 134 patients (40%), respectively, reported SPN or MPN symptoms. In multivariable regression analyses, higher mindfulness at 1-year follow-up was associated with less severe MPN and fewer anxiety and depressive symptoms, better sleep quality, and less fatigue. Of the patients with SPN or MPN at 1-year follow-up, symptoms had not returned to baseline level at 2-year follow-up in 59 (51%) and 72 (54%) patients, respectively. In this subgroup, higher mindfulness was associated with less severe SPN and fewer anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and fatigue at 2-year follow-up.

Conclusion
Mindfulness was associated with less severe PN and better related PROs among CRC patients with chronic PN. More research is needed to examine the role of mindfulness in the transition from acute to chronic PN.
Dynamic capital allocation rules via BSDEs: an axiomatic approach
Authors: Mastrogiacomo Elisa , Rosazza Gianin Emanuela 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we study capital allocation for dynamic risk measures, with an axiomatic approach but also by exploiting the relation between risk measures and BSDEs. Although there is a wide literature on capital allocation rules in a static setting and on dynamic risk measures, only a few recent papers on capital allocation work in a dynamic setting and, moreover, those papers mainly focus on the gradient approach. To fill this gap, we then discuss new perspectives to the capital allocation problem going beyond those already existing in the literature. In particular, we introduce and investigate a general axiomatic approach to dynamic capital allocations as well as an approach suitable for risk measures induced by g-expectations under weaker assumptions than Gateaux differentiability.
Efficient scalarization in multiobjective optimal control of a nonsmooth PDE
Authors: Bernreuther Marco , Müller Georg , Volkwein Stefan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis work deals with the efficient numerical characterization of Pareto stationary fronts for multiobjective optimal control problems with a moderate number of cost functionals and a mildly nonsmooth, elliptic, semilinear PDE-constraint. When “ample” controls are considered, strong stationarity conditions that can be used to numerically characterize the Pareto stationary fronts are known for our problem. We show that for finite dimensional controls, a sufficient adjoint-based stationarity system remains obtainable. It turns out that these stationarity conditions remain useful when numerically characterizing the fronts, because they correspond to strong stationarity systems for problems obtained by application of weighted-sum and reference point techniques to the multiobjective problem. We compare the performance of both scalarization techniques using quantifiable measures for the approximation quality. The subproblems of either method are solved with a line-search globalized pseudo-semismooth Newton method that appears to remove the degenerate behavior of the local version of the method employed previously. We apply a matrix-free, iterative approach to deal with the memory and complexity requirements when solving the subproblems of the reference point method and compare several preconditioning approaches.