bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association Between Primary Care Use Prior to Cancer Diagnosis and Subsequent Cancer Mortality in the Veterans Affairs Health System
Authors: Qiao Edmund M. , Guram Kripa , Kotha Nikhil V. , Voora Rohith S. , Qian Alexander S. , Ahn Grace S. , Kalavacherla Sandhya , Pindus Ramona , Banegas Matthew P. , Stewart Tyler F. , Johnson Michelle L. , Murphy James D. , Rose Brent S. 
Published: November 2022

ImportancePrimary care physicians (PCPs) are significant contributors of early cancer detection, yet few studies have investigated whether consistent primary care translates to improved downstream outcomes.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association of prediagnostic primary care use with metastatic disease at diagnosis and cancer-specific mortality (CSM).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study used databases with primary care and referral linkage from multiple Veterans’ Affairs centers from 2004 to 2017 and had a 68-month median follow-up. Analysis was completed between July 2021 and September 2022. Participants included veterans older than 39 years who had been diagnosed with 1 of 12 cancers. Inclusion criteria included known clinical staging, survival follow-up, cause of death, and receiving care at the Veterans Affairs health system (VA).ExposuresPrediagnostic PCP use, measured in the 5 years prior to diagnosis. PCP visits were binned into none (0 visits), some (1-4 visits), and annual (5 visits).Main Outcomes and MeasuresMetastatic disease at diagnosis, cancer-specific mortality (CSM) for entire cohort and stratified by tumor subtype.ResultsAmong 245 425 patients representing 12 tumor subtypes, mean age was 65.8 (9.3) years, and the cohort skewed male (97.6%), and White (76.1%), with higher levels of comorbidity (58.6% with Charlson Comorbidity Index scores ≥2). Compared with no prior visit, some PCP use was associated with 26% decreased odds of metastatic disease at diagnosis (odds ratio [OR], 0.74; 95% CI, 0.71-0.76; P &amp;lt; .001) and 12% reduced risk of CSM (subdistribution hazard ratio [SHR], 0.88; 95% CI, 0.86-0.89; P &amp;lt; .001). Annual PCP use was associated with 39% decreased odds of metastatic disease (OR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.59-0.63; P &amp;lt; .001) and 21% reduced risk of CSM (SHR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.77-0.81; P &amp;lt; .001). Among tumor subtypes, prostate cancer had the largest effect size for prior PCP use on metastatic disease at diagnosis (OR for annual use, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.30-0.35; P &amp;lt; .001) and CSM (SHRfor annual use, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.48-0.55; P &amp;lt; .001).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, increased primary care use before cancer diagnosis was associated with significant decreases in metastatic disease at diagnosis and cancer-related death, with potentially the greatest difference from annual use. PCPs play a vital role in cancer prevention, and additional resources should be allocated to assist these physicians.
Anti–Valosin‐Containing Protein (VCP/p97) Autoantibodies in Inclusion Body Myositis and Other Inflammatory Myopathies
Authors: Amlani Adam , Choi May Y. , Buhler Katherine A. , Hudson Marie , Tarnopolsky Mark , Brady Lauren , Schmeling Heinrike , Swain Mark G. , Stingl Cory , Reed Ann , Fritzler Marvin J. 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveThe rationale for this study was based on reports that valosin‐containing protein (VCP) mutations are found in hereditary inclusion body myositis (IBM) and VCP was detected in rimmed vacuoles of sporadic IBM (sIBM) muscle biopsies. Autoantibodies to VCP have not been reported in sIBM or other inflammatory myopathies (IIMs). The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and clinical significance of anti‐VCP antibodies in sIBM and other IIMs.MethodsSera were collected from 73 patients with sIBM and 383 comparators or controls, including patients with IIM (n = 69), those with juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) (n = 67), those with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) (n = 47), those with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) (n = 105), controls that were age matched to patients with sIBM (similarly aged controls [SACs]) (n = 63), and healthy controls (HCs) (n = 32). Immunoglobulin G antibodies to VCP were detected by addressable laser bead immunoassay using a full‐length recombinant human protein.ResultsAmong patients with sIBM, 26.0% (19/73) were positive for anti‐VCP. The frequency in disease controls was 15.0% (48/320). Among SACs, the frequency was 1.6% (1/63), and in HCs 0% (0/32). Frequencies were 17.5% (11/63) for IIM, 25.7% (27/105) for PBC, 3.0% (2/67) for JDM, and 17.0% (8/47) for JIA. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of anti‐VCP for sIBM were 26.0%, 87.2%, 28.4%, and 85.9%, respectively. Of patients with sIBM, 15.1% (11/73) were positive for both anti‐VCP and anti–cytosolic 5′‐nucleotidase 1A (NT5c1A). Eleven percent of patients (8/73) were positive for anti‐VCP, but negative for anti‐NT5c1A.ConclusionAnti‐VCP has low sensitivity and moderate specificity for sIBM but may help fill the seronegative gap in sIBM. Further studies are needed to determine whether anti‐VCP is a biomarker for a clinical phenotype that may have clinical value.
The 3D's of Neural Phenotypes in Oral Cancer: Distance, Diameter, and Density
Authors: D'Silva Nisha J. , Perez‐Pacheco Cindy , Schmitd Ligia B. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSquamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (OSCC) is the most common type of head and neck cancer; survival is poor, and response to treatment varies. Metastasis or recurrence in the regional lymph nodes is associated with poor survival. Consequently, overt or occult spread to the lymph nodes is used to identify patients who will receive adjuvant radiation therapy. Perineural invasion and the diameter of nerves exhibiting perineural invasion have also been suggested to be of prognostic significance. The explosion of interest in cancer neuroscience in the last two decades has led to novel biological insights into interactions between nerves and tumor cells. However, the criteria for defining perineural invasion have lagged behind current knowledge. It is important to re‐evaluate the concept of perineural invasion and identify other neural phenotypes in OSCC that can impact treatment selection and prognosis. In addition to perineural invasion, neural phenotypes that are of potential relevance to tumor progression include nerve‐tumor distance, nerve diameter, and nerve density. This manuscript discusses the translational significance of recent mechanistic studies on the progression of oral cancer.
Emerging MXene‐Based Memristors for In‐Memory, Neuromorphic Computing, and Logic Operation
Authors: Ling Songtao , Zhang Cheng , Ma Chunlan , Li Yang , Zhang Qichun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractConfronted by the difficulties of the von Neumann bottleneck and memory wall, traditional computing systems are gradually inadequate for satisfying the demands of future data‐intensive computing applications. Recently, memristors have emerged as promising candidates for advanced in‐memory and neuromorphic computing, which pave one way for breaking through the dilemma of current computing architecture. Till now, varieties of functional materials have been developed for constructing high‐performance memristors. Herein, the review focuses on the emerging 2D MXene materials‐based memristors. First, the mainstream synthetic strategies and characterization methods of MXenes are introduced. Second, the different types of MXene‐based memristive materials and their widely adopted switching mechanisms are overviewed. Third, the recent progress of MXene‐based memristors for data storage, artificial synapses, neuromorphic computing, and logic circuits is comprehensively summarized. Finally, the challenges, development trends, and perspectives are discussed, aiming to provide guidelines for the preparation of novel MXene‐based memristors and more engaging information technology applications.
Rapidly Modulated Wide‐Spectrum Infrared Source Made of Super Aligned Carbon Nanotube Film for Greenhouse Gas Monitoring
Authors: Lai Liwen , Liu Peng , Zhou Duanliang , Li Qunqing , Fan Shoushan , Lu Wei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNon‐dispersive infrared (NDIR) gas monitoring has advantages of environment stability, convenient operation and maintenance, wide detection range, and multi‐gas‐detection capability. However, the conventional IR sources for NDIR gas monitoring, such as miniature lamps, microelectromechanical system (MEMS) light sources, and light‐emitting diodes (LEDs), can only work at narrow modulation frequency and spectral range, or require complicated design and fabrication, because of the constraint of materials and work principle. These issues cause low data acquisition rate, poor anti‐interference ability and limited gas compatibility to NDIR. Here, the super‐aligned carbon nanotube (SACNT) film is developed as an IR source in NDIR gas monitoring system. It has a wide spectral range (0.2–334 µm), a facile fabrication method, and can work up to a high frequency ≈150 kHz. A mechanical‐chopper‐free and wide‐concentration‐range monitoring equipment for CO2 and CH4 greenhouse gases is demonstrated with SACNT film IR source. The concentration ranges for CO2 and CH4 investigated in this paper are 0.0195–20.10% (v/v) and 0.10–17.11% (v/v), respectively. It can be easily applied to monitor other kinds of gases as well.
Hierarchically Oriented Jellyfish‐Like Gold Nanowires Film for Elastronics
Authors: Zhang Heng , Lin Fenge , Cheng Wenlong , Chen Yi , Gu Ning 
Published: November 2022

AbstractStretchable electronics (i.e., Elastronics) are essential to the realization of next‐generation wearable bioelectronics for personalized medicine, due to their unique skin‐conformal features ideal for seamless integration with the human body. Significant progress has been made to nanowire‐based elastronics with promising applications ranging from electronic‐skin to advanced energy harvest systems. However, it remains a key challenge to rationally control over the nanowire morphology and configurations to achieve desired multifunctionality. Herein, a stretchable jellyfish‐like gold nanowires film with high conductivity and stretchability is presented by using gold nanostar‐seeded nanowire growth method. They exhibit unique hierarchically oriented structure with gold nanostars as the multi‐branched active sites (top layer) and vertically intertwined nanowires (bottom layer) trailing below the nanostars. Such nanowires film can be stretched up to 200% with a retaining low normalized resistance of 13.8 due to the unique hierarchical structure. Furthermore, the film can be used as stretchable supercapacitor with a 92% capacitance retention and superior durability even after 5000 electrochemical scanning cycles. The method is general, which can be further expanded to other metallic seeds, hence, representing a low‐cost yet efficient strategy for the fabrication of stretchable elastronics and robust energy storage devices for on‐body biosensing and bioelectronics.
Promoting “Strong Adsorption” and “Fast Conversion” of Polysulfides in Li‐S batteries Based on Conductive Sulfides Host with Hollow Prism Structure and Surface Defects
Authors: Zeng Peng , Zhou Xi , Peng Jiao , Huang Xuelin , Chang Baobao , Chen Gairong , Chen Manfang , Zheng Liping , Pei Yong , Su Jincang , Wang Xianyou 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe chemical binding between metal compounds and polysulfides provides a good solution to inhibit shuttle effect in Li‐S batteries. However, the Sabatier principle predicts that overly strong adsorption will commonly hinder the conversion of polysulfides, so building the synergetic effect mechanism between “strong adsorption” and “fast conversion” for polysulfides is a significant strategy. To realize this goal, in this study, the defect‐enriched Co9S8 hollow prisms (DHCPs) as both S host and catalyst material for Li‐S batteries are designed. Based on in situ UV–vis spectroscopy results, it is found that DHCPs can profitably promote the generation of radicals during the discharge process. In the case of the relatively high conversion barrier of “liquid–liquid” reaction, the generated radicals are responsible for the fast conversion reaction via a unique reaction pathway. When the sulfur loading is 4.63 mg cm−2, the cell with DHCP/S cathode delivers a high areal capacity of 4.75 mAh cm−2 at 0.1 C and keeps a high capacity of 2.99 mAh cm−2 after 100 cycles at 0.5 C. This study provides a positive attempt to achieve “strong adsorption” and “fast conversion” of polysulfides simultaneously, which will convincingly boost the development and practical process of Li‐S batteries.
Predictive Molecular Models for Charged Materials Systems: From Energy Materials to Biomacromolecules
Authors: Jeong Kyeong‐jun , Jeong Seungwon , Lee Sangmin , Son Chang Yun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractElectrostatic interactions play a dominant role in charged materials systems. Understanding the complex correlation between macroscopic properties with microscopic structures is of critical importance to develop rational design strategies for advanced materials. But the complexity of this challenging task is augmented by interfaces present in the charged materials systems, such as electrode–electrolyte interfaces or biological membranes. Over the last decades, predictive molecular simulations that are founded in fundamental physics and optimized for charged interfacial systems have proven their value in providing molecular understanding of physicochemical properties and functional mechanisms for diverse materials. Novel design strategies utilizing predictive models have been suggested as promising route for the rational design of materials with tailored properties. Here, an overview of recent advances in the understanding of charged interfacial systems aided by predictive molecular simulations is presented. Focusing on three types of charged interfaces found in energy materials and biomacromolecules, how the molecular models characterize ion structure, charge transport, morphology relation to the environment, and the thermodynamics/kinetics of molecular binding at the interfaces is discussed. The critical analysis brings two prominent field of energy materials and biological science under common perspective, to stimulate crossover in both research field that have been largely separated.
Surface Hydrophobization Provides Hygroscopic Supramolecular Plastics Based on Polysaccharides with Damage‐Specific Healability and Room‐Temperature Recyclability
Authors: Jin Hongjun , Lin Weilin , Wu Ziyan , Cheng Xinyu , Chen Xinyuan , Fan Yingjie , Xiao Wangchuan , Huang Jianbin , Qian Qingrong , Chen Qinghua , Yan Yun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSupramolecular materials with room‐temperature healability and recyclability are highly desired because they can extend materials lifetimes and reduce resources consumption. Most approaches toward healing and recycling rely on the dynamically reversible supramolecular interactions, such as hydrogen, ionic and coordinate bonds, which are hygroscopic and vulnerable to water. The general water‐induced plasticization facilitates the healing and reprocessing process but cause a troubling problem of random self‐adhesion. To address this issue, here it is reported that by modifying the hygroscopic surfaces with hydrophobic alkyl chains of dodecyltrimethoxysilane (DTMS), supramolecular plastic films based on commercial raw materials of sodium alginate (SA) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) display extraordinary damage‐specific healability. Owing to the hydrophobic surfaces, random self‐adhesion is eliminated even under humid environment. When damage occurs, the fresh surfaces with ionic groups and hydroxyl groups expose exclusively at the damaged site. Thus, damage‐specific healing can be readily facilitated by water‐induced plasticization. Moreover, the films display excellent room‐temperature recyclability. After multiple times of reprocessing and re‐modifying with DTMS, the rejuvenated films exhibit fatigueless mechanical properties. It is anticipated that this approach to damage‐specific healing and room‐temperature recycling based on surface hydrophobization can be applied to design various of supramolecular plastic polysaccharides materials for building sustainable societies.
Single‐Atom Nanozyme with Asymmetric Electron Distribution for Tumor Catalytic Therapy by Disrupting Tumor Redox and Energy Metabolism Homeostasis
Authors: Liu Yang , Wang Bo , Zhu Junjie , Xu Xinnan , Zhou Bin , Yang Yang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNanozyme catalytic therapy triggered by tumor‐specific endogenous stimuli is an emerging tumor therapy that attracts wide attention. However, the current therapeutic efficacy of nanozyme catalytic therapy is severely limited by the catalytic efficiency of nanozymes and the concentration of endogenous reaction substrates. Herein, a novel and efficient IrN5 single‐atom (IrN5 SA) nanozyme is developed with multiple enzyme‐like catalytic activities. Due to the synergistic effect of central Ir single‐atom and axial N coordination, IrN5 SA exhibits better enzymatic catalytic performance than IrN4 SA. At tumor sites, IrN5 SA can generate a large amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through oxidase (OXD)‐like and peroxidase (POD)‐like catalytic activities. Moreover, IrN5 SA can also generate O2 and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) through catalase (CAT)‐like and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) oxidase (NOX)‐like catalytic activities, realizing the efficient nanozyme catalytic therapy in a substrate‐cycle manner. Additionally, IrN5 SA can effectively break the intracellular NADH/NAD+ cycle balance by mimicking NOX, and then cooperate with fatty acid synthase cerulenin (Cer) to interfere with the energy metabolism homeostasis of tumor cells. Consequently, the designed IrN5 SA/Cer nanoagent can disrupt redox and metabolic homeostasis in the tumor region through an enzyme‐mimicking cascade reaction, effectively overcoming the shortcomings of current nanozyme catalytic therapy.
Multiplex SERS Phenotyping of Single Cancer Cells in Microdroplets
Authors: Oliveira Kevin , Teixeira Alexandra , Fernandes José M. , Lopes Cláudia , Chícharo Alexandre , Piairo Paulina , Wu Lei , Rodríguez‐Lorenzo Laura , Diéguez Lorena , Abalde‐Cela Sara 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn the context of personalized medicine, the analysis of single cells is key in order to understand the origin and evolution of cancer to provide an accurate prognosis. Microfluidics and microdroplets are increasingly used for the handling and understanding of the behavior of single cells, as they offer the perfect isolated environment. However, due to the small volumes handled, it is necessary to couple this technology with an ultrasensitive detection technique. Herein, surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy and droplet microfluidics are combined toward the multiplex phenotypic analysis of single cancer cells. For this, cancer cells are labeled with different SERS tags that recognize membrane proteins and encapsulated individually in microdroplets. Afterward, single cells within microdroplets are imaged by SERS spectroscopy. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first time that a multiplex phenotypic SERS analysis of single cells in microdroplets is shown. This integrated optofluidic platform paves the way toward the multiplex and automated characterization of cell populations in cancer patients.
Independent Tuning of Exciton and Photon Energies in an Exciton–Polariton Condensate by Proton Implantation‐Induced Interdiffusion
Authors: Fraser Michael D. , Tan H. Hoe , Redondo Yago del Valle Inclan , Kavuri Hima , Ostrovskaya Elena A. , Schneider Christian , Höfling Sven , Yamamoto Yoshihisa , Tarucha Seigo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe use of high energy proton implantation is demonstrated to precisely and independently shift the energies of both exciton and photon components of GaAs microcavity exciton–polaritons. The technique applies post‐growth proton implantation and annealing steps in order to create a small local interdiffusion across either the quantum well–barrier material interfaces, or between the layers of the cavity distributed Bragg reflector mirrors to induce energy shifts to the exciton or photon components, respectively. The polariton mode is tunable by an energy exceeding 10 meV with a corresponding increase (decrease) in effective mass for photon (exciton) energy shifts, while maintaining narrow‐linewidth polariton photoemission and condensation for both photonic and excitonic polaritons. This technique uniquely enables new opportunities to explore coherent polariton matter with narrow‐linewidth and heavy masses in tight‐binding, non‐Hermitian, and topological landscapes with sub‐µm feature‐sizes, while also being a simple post‐growth process.
Self‐Assembly of Immune Signals to Program Innate Immunity through Rational Adjuvant Design
Authors: Bookstaver Michelle L. , Zeng Qin , Oakes Robert S. , Kapnick Senta M. , Saxena Vikas , Edwards Camilla , Venkataraman Nishedhya , Black Sheneil K. , Zeng Xiangbin , Froimchuk Eugene , Gebhardt Thomas , Bromberg Jonathan S. , Jewell Christopher M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRecent clinical studies show activating multiple innate immune pathways drives robust responses in infection and cancer. Biomaterials offer useful features to deliver multiple cargos, but add translational complexity and intrinsic immune signatures that complicate rational design. Here a modular adjuvant platform is created using self‐assembly to build nanostructured capsules comprised entirely of antigens and multiple classes of toll‐like receptor agonists (TLRas). These assemblies sequester TLR to endolysosomes, allowing programmable control over the relative signaling levels transduced through these receptors. Strikingly, this combinatorial control of innate signaling can generate divergent antigen‐specific responses against a particular antigen. These assemblies drive reorganization of lymph node stroma to a pro‐immune microenvironment, expanding antigen‐specific T cells. Excitingly, assemblies built from antigen and multiple TLRas enhance T cell function and antitumor efficacy compared to ad‐mixed formulations or capsules with a single TLRa. Finally, capsules built from a clinically relevant human melanoma antigen and up to three TLRa classes enable simultaneous control of signal transduction across each pathway. This creates a facile adjuvant design platform to tailor signaling for vaccines and immunotherapies without using carrier components. The modular nature supports precision juxtaposition of antigen with agonists relevant for several innate receptor families, such as toll, STING, NOD, and RIG.