bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between gastric cancer and the risk of depression among South Korean adults
Authors: Kwon Sinyoung , Kim Jinyeong , Kim Taeyeon , Jeong Wonjeong , Park Eun-Cheol 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objectives
The diagnosis and treatment of cancer are stressful events that could trigger psychological distress in a large number of cancer patients. The aim of this study was to examine the association between gastric cancer and the risk of new onset of depression among South Korean adults.

Methods
Data from 12,664 participants aged over 40 years was derived from the National Health Service National Sample Cohort (2002–2013). The case cohort consists of patients who received a diagnosis of gastric cancer between 2002 and 2009, and the corresponding control group was selected through 1:1 propensity score matching (case: 6332, control: 6332). The new onset of depression was considered as the dependent variable. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was built to analyze the associations between variables in consideration.

Results
Individuals with gastric cancer had a higher risk of new onset of depression than those without cancer (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.13–1.45.) Female gastric patients had a higher risk of depression compared to male patients (Female; HR = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.66–2.16, Male; HR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.10–1.41). Gastric cancer patients in their 60s had the highest risk of new onset of depression compared to other age groups and no cancer group (HR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.40–1.85). Gastric cancer patients who were previously diagnosed with depression prior to their diagnosis of cancer had a higher risk of new onset of depression than gastric cancer patients without antecedent diagnosis of depression (Past Depression (Yes); HR = 5.17, 95% CI = 4.10–6.51, Past Depression (No); HR = 1.35, CI = 1.21–1.51).

Conclusions
The study identified a significant relationship between gastric cancer and depression among South Korean adults, suggesting that the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer increases the risk of new onset of depression, especially among female patients between 60 and 69 years old of high income and living in metropolitan regions. Pre-existing health conditions also appeared to be a risk factor. Thus, in consideration of treatment efficacy and patients’ quality of life, the results of the study emphasizes the need for attentive intervention, while distinguishing the most vulnerable groups.
Adolescent substance use: Findings from a state-wide pilot parent education program
Authors: Nair Nayantara , Elliott Alishia , Arnold Sarah , Flachs Andrew , Beaulieu Barbara , Marceau Kristine 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundAdolescent substance use has long been a top public health priority. In Indiana, concerning recent trends show high rates of youth alcohol consumption coupled with increasing use of opioids, synthetic marijuana, and over-the-counter drugs. Based on research indicating that parent-based prevention efforts may be a particularly effective way to target adolescent substance use, and in a direct effort to address Indiana’s 2017 Strategic Plan to Address Substance Use, we conducted an applied research study targeting parents’ knowledge regarding adolescent substance use in Indiana.MethodsThis community-based applied research study included: (i) a needs assessment of Indiana Extension Educators’ concerns regarding adolescent substance use, (ii) creation and dissemination of an evidence-informed parent education program on adolescent substance use in collaboration with Purdue Extension (a key community stakeholder), and (iii) qualitative focus group discussions at the end of each program that assessed the challenges families face regarding adolescent substance use, the types of information and resources they wish they had, and the usefulness of our program.ResultsThe needs assessment revealed that Indiana communities would most benefit from education regarding ways to spot and monitor substance use in teens, and strategies to communicate with teens about substance use. Additionally, Extension Educators thought that existing resources to tackle substance use largely did not match the needs of Indiana communities. Qualitative analysis of the focus group discussions across 8 pilot programs revealed five important themes: (1) The need for current, evidence-informed information regarding adolescent substance use among parents and youth-involved professionals in Indiana, (2) Concern regarding Indiana adolescents’ ease of access to substances and lack of healthy recreational activities, (3) Communicating with teens about substance use is crucial but difficult to implement, (4) Indiana communities’ need to prioritize funding for evidence-informed prevention programming, and (5) The need for community-based parent and caregiver support groups.ConclusionsOverall, the program was well-received and participants indicated that there was a strong need for this programming in their communities, but suggested collaborating with schools or similar local community stakeholders to increase attendance. Findings from this pilot study can inform future community-based adolescent substance use prevention efforts state-wide.
Access to menstrual hygiene products through incentivised, community-based, peer-led sexual and reproductive health services before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: findings from the Yathu Yathu trial
Authors: B Hensen , M Gondwe , M Phiri , A Schaap , M Simuyaba , S Floyd , L Mwenge , L Sigande , K Shanaube , M Simwinga , S Fidler , R Hayes , H Ayles 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Access to affordable and effective menstrual hygiene products (MHP) is critical to the menstrual health of adolescent girls and young women (AGYW). In this mixed-methods analysis, we use data from a programme delivering comprehensive sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services to describe access to MHP and how COVID-19-related closures affected access to MHP; we use qualitative data to understand AGYW’s experience accessing products during the study.

Methods
Between September 2019-January 2021, we used data routinely collected from ten Yathu Yathu hubs offering community-based, peer-led SRH services to adolescents and young people aged 15–24. Hubs offered free MHP (primarily disposable pads) as a service. To incentivise service access, a “loyalty” card system was embedded within Yathu Yathu, allowing individuals to gain points for services accessed and redeem rewards using these points. Branded pads, tampons and reusable pads were among available rewards. We describe access to service pads and to reward MHP, and use logistic regression to investigate factors associated with accessing pads and reward products before (Sept 2019-March 2020) and after (July 2020-Jan 2021) COVID-19-related closures. Focus group discussions explored accessibility of offering MHP through hubs.

Results
Between September 2019-January 2021, 6374 AGYW made 34,116 hub visits to access an SRH service and/or redeem a reward. At 30% of these visits, AGYW accessed any MHP. Before COVID19-closures, an average of 17% of monthly visits were for freely-available disposable pads compared to 34% after hubs reopened (p < 0.001). Results were similar for reward visits. Overall, 63% of 6374 AGYW collected pads as a service at least once. Prior to COVID19-closures, AGYW aged 18–24 were more likely to access service pads than adolescents (15–17-years). After reopening, access was lower among older AGYW. Prior to hub closures, uptake of reward MHP was higher among AGYW with some secondary education but not after reopening. Discussions revealed that, for adolescents aged 15–19, COVID-19-related hub closures required reverting to using ineffective materials to manage menstruation.

Conclusion
Availability of MHP through Yathu Yathu provided a large number of AGYW with access to these products. Hubs seemed particularly important for adolescent girls. Community-based, peer-led hubs should be considered as spaces to provide AGYW access to affordable and effective MHP.
Postoperative survival analysis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients with liver cirrhosis based on propensity score matching
Authors: Wu Zhaoqin , Tang Haodong , Wang Lishan , Jin Xiaoling , Lei Zhengqing , Yang Pinghua , Zhou Jiahua 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective
Most hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients in China have some degree of liver cirrhosis. The effect of cirrhosis on the long-term prognosis of HCC patients after hepatectomy is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of liver cirrhosis on the prognosis of HCC patients after hepatectomy.

Methods
Data from patients who underwent hepatectomy and had pathologically confirmed HCC were retrospectively collected. The patients’ clinical pathological data were recorded. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to eliminate the influence of potential confounding factors. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to calculate the recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) rates, and Cox regression analysis was used to screen for independent risk factors affecting OS and RFS.

Results
A total of 1381 HCC patients who were initially treated with hepatectomy were included, including 797 patients with liver cirrhosis. The RFS and OS rates in the group with cirrhosis were significantly lower than those in the group without cirrhosis (after PSM, RFS: P < 0.001; OS: P = 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that among patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage 0-B disease, RFS and OS were significantly lower in those with cirrhosis than in those without cirrhosis (both P < 0.05); while in patients with stage C disease, there was no significant difference between those with and without cirrhosis. In the group with cirrhosis, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) > 400, intraoperative blood loss, tumor diameter > 5 cm, satellite lesions, and large vessel invasion were independent risk factors for RFS, while albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), tumor diameter > 5 cm, satellite lesions, microvascular invasion, and macrovascular invasion were independent risk factors for OS.

Conclusion
HCC with liver cirrhosis has specific characteristics. Compared with patients without cirrhosis, patients with cirrhosis have worse long-term survival after surgery. In addition, the independent risk factors for RFS and OS are different between patients with cirrhosis and without cirrhosis; liver cirrhosis is an independent risk factor for the long-term prognosis of HCC patients, especially patients with BCLC stage 0-B disease after hepatectomy.
The validity of self-reported number of teeth and edentulousness among Norwegian older adults, the HUNT Study
Authors: Høvik Hedda , Kolberg Marit , Gjøra Linda , Nymoen Line Cathrine , Skudutyte-Rysstad Rasa , Hove Lene Hystad , Sun Yi-Qian , Fagerhaug Tone Natland 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Number of teeth is an established indicator of oral health and is commonly self-reported in epidemiological studies due to the costly and labor-intensive nature of clinical examinations. Although previous studies have found self-reported number of teeth to be a reasonably accurate measure, its accuracy among older adults ≥ 70 years is less explored. The aim of this study was to assess the validity of self-reported number of teeth and edentulousness in older adults and to investigate factors that may affect the accuracy of self-reports.

Methods
This study included two different samples of older adults ≥ 70 years drawn from the fourth wave of the Trøndelag Health Study (the HUNT Study), Norway. Sample 1 (n = 586) was used to evaluate the validity of self-reported number of teeth and sample 2 (n = 518) was used to evaluate self-reported edentulousness. Information on number of teeth and background variables (education, smoking, cognitive function, and self-perceived general and oral health) were self-reported in questionnaires, while clinical oral health examinations assessed number of teeth, number of teeth restored or replaced by fixed prosthodontics and edentulousness. Spearman and Pearson correlation coefficients, Bland–Altman plot, chi-square test and kappa statistics were used to assess the agreement between self-reported and clinically recorded number of teeth.

Results
The mean difference between self-reported and clinically recorded number of teeth was low (− 0.22 teeth), and more than 70% of the participants reported their number of teeth within an error of two teeth. Correlations between self-reports and clinical examinations were high for the total sample (0.86 (Spearman) and 0.91 (Pearson)). However, a lower correlation was found among participants with dementia (0.74 (Spearman) and 0.85 (Pearson)), participants having ≥ 20 teeth (0.76 (Spearman) and 0.67 (Pearson)), and participants with ≥ 5 teeth restored or replaced by fixed prosthodontics (0.75 (Spearman) and 0.77 (Pearson)). Self-reports of having teeth or being edentulous were correct in 96.3% of the cases (kappa value 0.93, p value < 0.001).

Conclusions
Among older Norwegian adults, self-reported number of teeth agreed closely with clinical tooth counts and nearly all the edentulous participants correctly reported having no teeth.
Is adjuvant chemotherapy necessary for young women with early-stage epithelial ovarian cancer who have undergone fertility-sparing surgery?: a multicenter retrospective analysis
Authors: Ikeda Yoshiki , Yoshihara Masato , Yoshikawa Nobuhisa , Yokoi Akira , Tamauchi Satoshi , Nishino Kimihiro , Niimi Kaoru , Kajiyama Hiroaki 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective
In young patients with early-stage epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) who were received fertility-sparing surgery (FSS), the role of adjuvant chemotherapy is unclear. Here, we performed a multicenter study using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) to explore the effect of chemotherapy on patients’ survival.

Methods
Between 1987 and 2015, a retrospective study was carried out, including 1183 patients with stage I EOC. Among them, a total of 101 women with stage I EOC who underwent FSS were investigated, including 64 and 37 patients with or without adjuvant chemotherapy, respectively. Oncologic outcomes were compared between the two arms using original and IPTW cohorts.

Results
During 62.6 months (median) of follow-up, recurrence was noted in 11 (17.2%) women in the chemotherapy arm and 6 (16.2%) patients in the observation arm. In the unweighted cohort, the 5-year overall and recurrence-free survival (OS/RFS) rates of chemotherapy and observation arms were 86.3/80.8 and 90.2/79.8%, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups {Log-rank: P = 0.649 (OS)/P = 0.894 (RFS)}. In the IPTW cohort after adjusting for various clinicopathologic covariates, we also failed to identify a difference in RFS/OS between the two groups {RFS (chemotherapy vs. observation), HR: 0.501 (95% CI 0.234–1.072), P = 0.075: OS (chemotherapy vs. observation), HR: 0.939 (95% CI 0.330–2.669), P = 0.905}.

Conclusions
Even after adjusting clinicopathologic covariates, performing adjuvant chemotherapy may not improve the oncologic outcome in young patients who have undergone FSS.
Discontinuation rates of intrauterine contraception due to unfavourable bleeding: a systematic review
Authors: Costescu Dustin , Chawla Rajinder , Hughes Rowena , Teal Stephanie , Merz Martin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective
Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine devices (LNG-IUDs) and copper intrauterine devices (Cu-IUDs) offer long-acting contraception; however, some women may discontinue use within the first year due to bleeding pattern changes, limiting their potential. This systematic literature review investigated whether differences in bleeding profiles influence continuation rates in women in America, Europe and Australia.

Methods
Searches performed in PubMed and Embase were screened to identify publications describing bleeding patterns and rates of early IUC removal/discontinuation or continuation, descriptions of bleeding patterns, reasons for discontinuation, and patient satisfaction, acceptability and tolerability for LNG-IUDs and Cu-IUDs published between January 2010 and December 2019. The results were further restricted to capture citations related to ‘Humans’ and ‘Females’. The review was limited to studies published from 2010 onwards, as changing attitudes over time mean that results of studies performed before this date may not be generalizable to current practice.

Results
Forty-eight publications describing 41 studies performed principally in the USA (n = 17) and Europe (n = 13) were identified. Publications describing bleeding patterns in LNG-IUD users (n = 11) consistently observed a reduction in bleeding in most women, whereas two of three studies in Cu-IUD users reported heavy bleeding in approximately 40% of patients. Rates of discontinuation for both devices ranged widely and may be as high as 50% but were lower for LNG-IUDs versus Cu-IUDs. Discontinuation rates due to bleeding were consistently higher for Cu-IUDs versus LNG-IUDs.

Conclusions
Bleeding is a common reason for discontinuation of Cu-IUDs and LNG-IUDs. The more favourable bleeding pattern observed in LNG-IUD users may be associated with a lower rate of early discontinuation of LNG-IUDs versus Cu-IUDs.
Evaluation of the association of endometriosis and mammographic breast density, a cross-sectional study
Authors: Moini Ashraf , Salari Elnaz , Rashidi Hadi , Maajani Khadije , Abedi Mahboubeh , Bayani Leila , Alipour Sadaf 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundEndometriosis is a common benign but painful gynecologic condition. Studies suggest that the risk of some types of malignancies such as breast cancer is higher in women with endometriosis. Mammographic breast density (MBD) is known as an important predictor for breast cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the potential relationship between endometriosis and MBD.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 370 women over 40 years of age. Laparoscopic surgery was carried out for the diagnosis of endometriosis. MBD was classified into four categories according to the ACR BI-RADS classification. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software to evaluate the potential association between variables.ResultsThe mean age of all participants was 47.2 ± 6.4 years, and most participants (76.8%) were premenopausal. Multivariate analysis of the potential predictors of MBD, including age, body mass index, oral contraceptive consumption, progesterone consumption, family history of breast cancer and endometriosis showed that age (Pvalue = 0.002), history of progesterone consumption (Pvalue = 0.004) and endometriosis (Pvalue = 0.006) were independent factors for MBD.ConclusionThis study indicated that endometriosis had an inverse association with MBD. Age and history of progesterone use were also independent influential factors for MBD. This finding shows that the positive association between breast cancer and endometriosis is not mediated through MBD.
Reproductive and postsurgical outcomes of infertile women with deep infiltrating endometriosis
Authors: Zhang Ning , Sun Shugen , Zheng Yunxi , Yi Xiaofang , Qiu Junjun , Zhang Xiaodan , Zhang Ying , Hua Keqin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to summarize and analyze clinical characteristics and reproductive outcomes in postoperative deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE).

Methods
This retrospective cohort study included 55 reproductive-aged patients who were diagnosed with DIE, wished to conceive and underwent resection surgery at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, from January 2009–June 2017. Those with any plausible infertility factor or abnormalities in the partner’s semen analysis were excluded. Patient characteristics, preoperative symptoms, infertility history, intraoperative findings and reproductive outcomes were followed up and recorded. Risk factors for reproductive outcomes were identified for women who became pregnant versus those who did not by univariate logistic regression. Additionally, pre- and postoperative endometriosis health profile questionnaire-30 (EHP-30), Knowles–Eccersley–Scott Symptom questionnaire (KESS), Cox Menstrual Symptom Scale (CMSS) and Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) scores were used to evaluate the effect of DIE surgery on quality of life.

Results
The average age was 30.22 ± 3.62 years, with no difference between the pregnancy and nonpregnancy groups. The average follow-up time was 26.57 ± 14.51 months. There were 34 pregnancies (61.82%): 24 (70.59%) conceived spontaneously and 10 (29.41%) by in vitro fertilization (IVF). Twenty-eight patients (82.35%) had term deliveries. The interval between operation and pregnancy was 10.33 ± 5.6 (1–26) months. Univariate analysis showed that a lower endometriosis fertility index (EFI) score (EFI < 8) was a risk factor for infertility (OR: 3.17 (1.15–10.14), p = .044). For patients with incomplete surgery, postoperative gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) administration improved the pregnancy rate (p < 0.05). Regarding quality of life, there was significant improvement (p < 0.05) in the postoperative EHP-30, KESS and CMSS scores compared with preoperative scores in both groups. Although there was no obvious difference in FSFI scores, significant improvement in dyspareunia was observed (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
Overall, the postoperative pregnancy rate of DIE patients was 61.82%. Surgical management of DIE for patients with complaints of pain and with pregnancy intentions was feasible and effective. Long-term expectant treatment should not be advised for patients with lower EFI scores (EFI < 8), and postoperative IVF–ET may be a good choice. More cases should be enrolled for further study, and randomized studies are required.