bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maslinic Acid Attenuates Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Suppressing Inflammation and Apoptosis Through Inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK Signaling Pathway
Authors: Sun Wenjuan , Choi Hong Sang , Kim Chang Seong , Bae Eun Hui , Ma Seong Kwon , Kim Soo Wan 
Published: April 2022

Inflammation and apoptosis are the major contributors to the mechanisms of acute kidney injury (AKI) due to renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Maslinic acid (MA), a pentacyclic triterpene acid mostly found in dietary plants, the current study was to demonstrate the renoprotective effect of MA on IRI-induced AKI, and to investigate the role of inflammation and apoptosis-related signaling pathways as a molecular mechanism. C57BL/6J mice were subjected to IRI for 72 h, and MA was daily administered by intraperitoneal injection during this period. In parallel, rat renal proximal tubule cells (NRK52E) were prophylactically treated with MA and then exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). MA treatment significantly inhibited the mRNA expression of interleukin (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TGF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1). Also, MA reduced the expression of Bax/Bcl2 ratio and cleaved caspase-3. In NRK52 cells, MA inhibited the IκBα degradation, blocked NF-κB/p65 phosphorylation, and nuclear translocation. The phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and p38 was attenuated by MA in IRI-induced kidney injury and H2O2-stimulated NRK52 cells. The expression levels of IL-1β, MCP-1, and ICAM-1 were upregulated in H2O2-stimulated NRK52E cells, which was attenuated by NF-κB inhibitor. H2O2 treatment increased the Bax/Bcl2 ratio and cleaved caspase-3 in NRK52E cells, which was counteracted by MAPK inhibitors. Together, our data demonstrate that MA suppresses IR-induced AKI injury through NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways and that MA is a promising agent in the treatment of kidney diseases.
Safety of Off-Label Pharmacological Treatment in Pediatric Neuropsychiatric Disorders: A Global Perspective From an Observational Study at an Italian Third Level Children’s Hospital
Authors: Giurin Maria Sole , Trojniak Marta Paulina , Arbo Anna , Carrozzi Marco , Abbracciavento Giuseppe , Monasta Lorenzo , Zanus Caterina 
Published: April 2022

Background: The acquisition of proper and relevant pediatric clinical data is essential to ensure tolerable and effective pediatric drug therapies. In the field of pharmacological treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders, the lack of sufficient high quality scientific evidence for pediatric age results in the frequent need to prescribe off-label drugs. With the aim of improving knowledge about safety profile of off-label drug prescription in children and adolescent with neurological and/or psychiatric disorders, we realized a multidisciplinary pharmacovigilance study.Materials and methods: An observational retrospective study was conducted to assess the safety of off-label pharmacological therapies in patients aged 0–18 years, admitted to the Neuropsychiatry Unit of the Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo” between January 2016 and December 2018. Prescription patterns and adverse drug reactions were evaluated by a multidisciplinary team.Results: Overall, 230 patients were enrolled, 48% boys (N = 111), 52% girls (N = 119), average age of 10 years, and a total of 534 prescriptions was analyzed. 54.5% (N = 125) of patients had epilepsy, 37.5% (N = 86) suffered from psychiatric disorders, 8% (N = 19) had other neurological disorders. The prevalence of off-label prescriptions was 32% and 50% of the study population received at least one off-label drug. A total of 106 ADRs was detected: 57% of ADRs were due to drug-drug interactions, 30% were due to off-label prescriptions, 10% were due to overdose and 3% were due to improper use. No significant association between emerged ADRs and off label prescriptions was found (Fisher’s exact two-tailed test, p = 1.000). There was significant association between increasing number of administrated drugs and risk of ADRs (OR 1.99; IC95% 1.58–2.5; p = 0.000). Psychiatric disorders were associated with at least three times higher risk to be treated with an off-label drug (OR 3.30; IC95% 2.26–4.83; p = 0.000).Conclusions: This study shows that off-label prescribing in neuropsychiatric disorders does not pose a greater risk of ADRs than on-label prescribing and highlights unmet clinical needs in pediatric neuropsychopharmacology. The multidisciplinary approach can provide important contributions to improve therapeutic path of these already complex pathologies by careful monitoring of therapeutic appropriateness and drug interactions.
The Role of the Melatoninergic System in Circadian and Seasonal Rhythms—Insights From Different Mouse Strains
Authors: Pfeffer Martina , von Gall Charlotte , Wicht Helmut , Korf Horst-Werner 
Published: April 2022

The melatoninergic system comprises the neurohormone melatonin and its molecular targets. The major source of melatonin is the pineal organ where melatonin is rhythmically produced during darkness. In mammals, melatonin biosynthesis is controlled by the central circadian rhythm generator in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and photoreceptors in the retina. Melatonin elicits its function principally through two specific receptors called MT1 and MT2. MT1 is highly expressed in the SCN and the hypophysial pars tuberalis (PT), an important interface for control of seasonal functions. The expression of the MT2 is more widespread. The role of the melatoninergic system in the control of seasonal functions, such as reproduction, has been known for more than 4 decades, but investigations on its impact on the circadian system under normal (entrained) conditions started 2 decades later by comparing mouse strains with a fully functional melatoninergic system with mouse strains which either produce insufficient amounts of melatonin or lack the melatonin receptors MT1 and MT2. These studies revealed that an intact melatoninergic system is not required for the generation or maintenance of rhythmic behavior under physiological entrained conditions. As shown by jet lag experiments, the melatoninergic system facilitated faster re-entrainment of locomotor activity accompanied by a more rapid adaptation of the molecular clock work in the SCN. This action depended on MT2. Further studies indicated that the endogenous melatoninergic system stabilizes the locomotor activity under entrained conditions. Notably, these effects of the endogenous melatoninergic system are subtle, suggesting that other signals such as corticosterone or temperature contribute to the synchronization of locomotor activity. Outdoor experiments lasting for a whole year indicate a seasonal plasticity of the chronotype which depends on the melatoninergic system. The comparison between mice with an intact or a compromised melatoninergic system also points toward an impact of this system on sleep, memory and metabolism.
Antifungal Activity of Polymethoxylated Flavonoids (PMFs)-Loaded Citral Nanoemulsion against Penicillium italicum by Causing Cell Membrane Damage
Authors: Guo Long , Li Yi , Mao Xiaoxue , Tao Rui , Tao Boyun , Zhou Zhiqin 
Published: April 2022

A major citrus postharvest pathogen, Penicillium italicum (P. italicum), causes substantial economic losses in citrus. In this study, a citral nanoemulsion containing polymethoxylated flavonoids (PMFs), the antimicrobial compounds from citrus, was prepared. The antifungal activity and potential antifungal mechanisms of the nanoemulsion against P. italicum were evaluated. The results showed that the growth of P. italicum was effectively inhibited by the nanoemulsion, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of 62.5 and 250 mg L−1, respectively. The nanoemulsion significantly inhibited spore germination and mycelial growth, and it altered the morphology of P. italicum. In addition, the permeability of the cell membrane increased with increasing nanoemulsion concentrations, as evidenced by a rapid rise in extracellular electric conductivity and stronger red fluorescence from mycelia (propidium iodide staining). Compared with the control, the nanoemulsion treatment induced a decrease in total lipid and ergosterol contents in P. italicum cells by 64.61% and 60.58%, respectively, demonstrating that membrane integrity had been disrupted. The results indicated that the PMFs-loaded nanoemulsion exerted antifungal activity against P. italicum by disrupting cell membrane integrity and permeability; such a nanoemulsion may be used as a potential fungicide substitute for preservation in citrus fruits.
Суб’єкт злочину, передбаченого статтею 255 Кримінального кодексу України
Authors: Околіт О. 
Published: April 2022

У статті проаналізовано проблемні питання суб’єкта злочину, передбаченого ст. 255 Кримінального кодексу України. Розглянуто дискусійні питання віку, з якого настає кримінальна відповідальність за створення, керівництво злочинною спільнотою або злочинною організацією, а також участь у ній. Розкрито окремі недоліки виокремлення спеціальних суб’єктів дослідженого злочину – службової особи (ч. 3 ст. 255 Кримінального кодексу України) та особа, яка здійснює злочинний вплив, або є особою, яка перебуває у статусі суб’єкта підвищеного злочинного впливу, у тому числі у статусі «вора в законі» (ч. 5 ст. 255 Кримінального кодексу України).
Сформульовано рекомендації для практики застосування положень про суб’єкта злочину, передбаченого ст. 255 Кримінального кодексу України, а також надаються пропозиції щодо їх удосконалення.
Perumusan Strategi Samudra Biru Strategic Business Unit Express PT XYZ Periode 2021–2023
Authors: Fitriani Dieni , Firdaus Muhammad Ihsan , Phangestu Joni 
Published: April 2022

The courier, express, and parcel (CEP) market in Indonesia is growing rapidly in line with the growth of e-commerce. These developments created intense competition among the CEP companies. SBU expresses PT. As a new CEP company, XYZ seeks to avoid the red ocean competition by innovating the Blue Ocean Strategy. The research method used is qualitative research to study social phenomena by processing data in words sourced from interviews and studies of company documents and articles from outside the company. Based on the blue ocean strategy analysis, PT. XYZ formulates the company's strategy by creating B2C (Business to Customer) and C2C (Customer to Customer), and B2B (Business to Business) business models. The formulation of the blue ocean strategy for CEP services for B2C and C2C, is delivery via 3D printing, eco-friendly packaging, drop off drive-thru, mobile outlets and halal logistics services. Meanwhile, for B2B, is special handling for special goods, halal logistics services, environmentally friendly packaging, on-time delivery, and logistics consulting services.
Experience of Using Cream-Paste Vartox in Monotherapy of Viral Warts
Authors: Искра А.С. , Искра Е.Л. 
Published: April 2022

Приведены данные о клинических разновидностях бородавок, ассоциированных с различными видами вируса папилломы человека. Анализируются методы, применяемые для лечения бородавок: деструктивные, наружная терапия, комбинированная. Приводится собственный опыт лечения вирусных бородавок современным препаратом для наружной терапии, представляющим собой крем-пасту Вартокс компании «Фармтек», Россия. Входящая в состав крем-пасты Вартокс мочевина 40-процентная (карбамид) обладает мощным кератолитическим действием – размягчает поверхность бородавки для проникновения дополнительного противовирусного компонента пасты глицирризиновой кислоты 0,1%. Глицирризиновая кислота 0,1% обладает противовирусным действием, в том числе и в отношении вирусов папилломы человека. Взаимодействуя с вирусом, глицирризиновая кислота разрушает фазы развития данного вируса, обладает иммуностимулирующим действием.Эффективность лечения вирусных бородавок составила 76% (38 пациентов из 50). Клиническое излечение наблюдали как при первичном, так и при рецидивном характере процесса. Лечение характеризовалось отсутствием побочных эффектов и осложнений, малой травматичностью, хорошей переносимостью, полным восстановлением тканей без косметических дефектов.
There are some facts about clinical varieties of warts associated with various types of human papillomavirus. Here we analyze the methods used to treat warts: destructive, external therapy, combined. We present our own experience in the treatment of viral warts with a modern medi- cine for external therapy, which is a cream-paste Vartox from "Farmtek", Russia. Included In the cream-paste Vartox Urea 40 percent (urea), has a powerful keratolytic effect – it softens the sur- face of the wart for the penetration of an additional antiviral component of the paste glycyrrhizic acid 0.1%.Glycyrrhizic acid 0.1% has an antiviral effect, including against human papillomavirus.Interacting with the virus, glycyrrhizic acid destroys the phases of development of this virus, it has an immunostimulating effect.The effectiveness of treatment of viral warts was 76% (38 patients out of 50). The clinical recovery was observed both in the primary and in the recurrent nature of the process.The treatment was characterized by the absence of side effects and complications, low trauma, good tolerance, complete tissue recovery without cosmetic defects.
Interrelation of Alexithymia and the structure of Personal semantic self-Assessment of Patients in the state of Partial Mental Maladaptation with Psychosomatic Diseases
Authors: Мишиев В.Д. , Омельянович В.Ю. , Трещинская М.А. , Гриневич Е.Г. 
Published: April 2022

В статье изложены результаты исследования, целью которого было выявление и структурирование гендерных особенностей влияния алекситимии на уровень семантической самооценки пациентов в состоянии парциальной психической дезадаптации и страдающих психосоматическими заболеваниями. Для достижения поставленной цели были решены следующие исследовательские задачи: в рамках отдельно рассматриваемых гендерных групп исследованы выраженность алекситимии у пациентов, страдающих психосоматическими заболеваниями, респондентов в состоянии парциальной психической дезадаптации и у практически здоровых; проведено сравнение выраженности алекситимии между исследуемыми группами и гендерами; проведена оценка взаимосвязи выраженности алекситимии с базовыми социально-психологическими и кросс-культуральными характеристиками обследованного контингента; обнаружены взаимосвязи выраженности алекситимии и семантической самооценки представителей исследуемых групп и выявлены гендерные особенности этих взаимосвязей.Исследование проводилось на репрезентативном материале, состоящем из 1400 респондентов, с использованием методики «Личностный (семантический) дифференциал», Торонтской алекситимической шкалы и дальнейшим статистическим анализом полученных результатов с использованием иерархического кластерного анализа, однофакторного дисперсионного анализа Фишера, вычисления коэффициента ранговой корреляции Спирмена и коэффициента частичной регрессии η2.
Thearticlepresentstheresultsofthestudyaimedatidentificationandstructuringthegenderfeatures of the influence of alexithymia on the level of semantic self-esteem of patients in the state of partial mental maladaptation with psychosomatic diseases. to achieve this goal, the following research tasks were accomplished: within the framework of separately considered gender groups, there was studied the severity of alexithymia in patients with psychosomatic diseases, the respondents in the state of partial mental maladaptation, and practically healthy ones. there was done the comparison of severity of alexithymia between the studied groups and genders. there was made the evaluation of the relationship between the severity of alexithymia and the basic socio-psychological and cross- cultural characteristics of the studied contingent. there was revealed the relationship between the severity of alexithymia and the semantic self-esteem of the representatives of the studied groups; the gender features of these relationships were revealed.the study was conducted on the representative material, which consisted of 1400 respondents, using the Personal (Semantic) differential approach, the toronto alexithymic scale, and further statistical analysis of the obtained results using hierarchical cluster analysis, Fisher’s one-factor analysis of variance, calculation of the Spearman rank correlation coefficient, and the partial regression η2.
Metabolic side effects of Antipsychotic therapy
Authors: Евсегнеев Р.А. 
Published: April 2022

Статья посвящена метаболическим побочным эффектам, возникающим в ходе терапии антипсихотиками. Обсуждены причины, повышающие актуальность проблемы, механизмы возникновения и факторы риска метаболических нарушений, критерии их диагностики, а также особенности в этом плане отдельных антипсихотических препаратов. Приведен порядок действий психиатра для раннего выявления, профилактики и лечения метаболических побочных эффектов антипсихотической терапии.
The article is devoted to metabolic side effects of antipsychotic medication. Some reasons of aggravation of the problem, mechanisms and risk factors of metabolic side affects, diagnostic criteria, and peculiarities of different antipsychotics are discussed. the way of action for early recognition, prevention, and treatment of metabolic side effects of antipsychotics are also described.
Peculiarities of Personal Defense in Patients with Different Psychosomatic Diseases
Authors: Кедярова Е.А. , Уварова М.Ю. , Монжиевская В.В. , Русских Н.И. , Чернецкая Н.И. , Шумовская О.А. 
Published: April 2022

Изучены защитные механизмы личности у пациентов с тремя видами психосоматических заболеваний (сахарный диабет, бронхиальная астма, гастрит). Проведено сопоставительное исследование как психологических защит при разных видах психосоматических заболеваний, так и в зависимости от давности возникновения заболевания. Показано, что пациенты с вновь выявленным заболеванием используют более широкий репертуар защитных механизмов, а также чаще используют конструктивные виды защит (компенсация, рационализация), что, вероятно, свидетельствует о более высоком уровне стрессоустойчивости в начале заболевания. Пациенты с такими заболеваниями, как сахарный диабет, бронхиальная астма, склонны к использованию более деструктивных защитных механизмов вытеснения и отрицания, в отличие от пациентов с гастритом. Более конструктивные психологические защиты, такие как компенсация и рационализация, чаще используют пациенты с гастритом. Во всех группах с хроническим заболеванием доминирующим защитным механизмом высокого уровня напряжения является замещение, что, вероятно, можно определить как замещение решения своих проблем (неприемлемых чувств, действий, недостижимых объектов и т. д.) соматической патологией.
Personal defense mechanisms of patients with three kinds of psychosomatic diseases (diabetes mellitus, bronchial asthma, gastritis) are studied. Peculiarities of psychological defense mechanisms are studied not only in patients with different kinds of diseases, but also in patients with different duration of disease. It was showed that patients with diseases found not so long ago have wider psychological defenses and more often use constructive defenses such as compensation and rationalization, which can be related to their higher stress resistance at the beginning of disease. Patients with diabetes mellitus and bronchial asthma are more likely to use destructive defenses of repression and denying unlike patients with gastritis. Constructive defense such as compensationand rationalization is more likely to be used by patients with gastritis. all patients with chronic diseases use repression much more often than other defense mechanisms, and it may be related with their tendency to solve emotional and other problems by means of their psychosomatic diseases.
Therapeutic Possibilities and security Level of the Choline Alfoscerate in Comprehensive Correction of Cognitive Functions in the Process of Forming Psychoorganic syndrome in Patients with Alcohol Dependence
Authors: Markozova L. , Vasylieva О. 
Published: April 2022

Исследована динамика когнитивных функций, уровень реабилитационного потенциала, психопатологические проявления, качество жизни (КЖ) у лиц с алкогольной зависимостью под влиянием лечения по традиционной схеме (I гр.) и с использованием препарата Цереглиа в комплексной терапии (IІ гр.). Выявлены позитивная динамика купирования психопатологической симптоматики у лиц обеих групп; повышение уровня показателей КЖ у пациентов IІ гр. после лечения до уровня показателей контрольной группы; зафиксировано восстановление когнитивной продуктивности до уровня условной нормы у 78,95% и улучшение электрогенеза мозга у 75% лиц ІІ гр., что подтверждает эффективность препарата Цереглиа. Разработаны схема коррекции когнитивных нарушений у лиц с алкогольной зависимостью с проявлениями психоорганического синдрома препаратом Цереглиа и рекомендации по его использованию.
There was studied the dynamics of cognitive functions, the level of rehabilitation potential (lRP), psychopathological manifestations, quality of life (Ql) in patients with alcohol dependence (aD) under the influence of treatment according to the traditional scheme (1 group) and using cereglia in complex therapy (group II). the positive dynamics of the relief of psychopathological symptoms in individuals of both groups was revealed; an increase in the level of Ql indicators in patients of group II after treatment by the level of indicators of control group; the restoration of cognitive productivity to the level of the conditional norm was recorded in 78.95% and improvement in brain electrogenesis in 75% of group II individuals, which confirms the effectiveness of cereglia. a scheme for the correction of cognitive impairment in patients with aD with manifestations of the psycho-organic syndrome with the preparation of cereglia and a recommendation for its use has been developed.
Psychotherapeutic Correction of sexual Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Dermatoses
Authors: Добаева Н.В. , Кибрик Н.Д. 
Published: April 2022

В статье освещаются вопросы психотерапии при сексуальных дисфункциях у пациентов с хроническими дерматозами. На основании выявленных форм сексуальных расстройств, психической патологии и кожного заболевания дополнены представления о психотерапевтической помощи с использованием принципов комплексного, этапного подхода с учетом парности сексуальной функции, что позволило нормализовать психическое состояние пациентов, гармонизировать отношения в паре, повысить уровень социосексуальной адаптации и качества жизни в целом.
The article highlights the issues of psychotherapy in sexual dysfunction in patients with chronic dermatoses. On the base of the identified forms of sexual disorders, mental disorders, and skin diseases, there were supplemented the ideas about psychotherapeutic care, using the principles of integrated, staged approach, taking into account the pairing of sexual function, which helped to normalize the mental state of patients, harmonize relations in the couple, raise the level of socio- sexual adaptation and quality of life in general.
Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Molecular Characteristics, Classification, and Prognosis of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma:New Views on the Existing Problems
Authors: Гайдукова С.М. , Выдыборец С.В. , Перехрестенко Т.П. , Кучер О.В. , Мороз Г.И. , Попович Ю.Ю. 
Published: April 2022

В лекции приведены результаты систематического обзора литературных научных источников (поиск проведен в базах данных JAMA, Scolar, NCBI, Cochrane Library и PubMed, 2007–2018), касающихся эпидемиологии, патогенеза, молекулярных характеристик, классификации и факторов риска диффузных В-крупноклеточных лимфом.The article presents the results of systematic review of the available literature sources (search in JAMA, Scolar, NCBI, Cochrane Library, and PubMed databases for 2007-2018 was performed) on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, molecular characteristics, classification, and risk factors of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).