bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of bacteriophage supplement on the growth performance, microbial population, and PGC-1α and TLR4 gene expressions of broiler chickens
Authors: Sarrami Zahra , Sedghi Mohammad , Mohammadi Ishmael , Kim Woo Kyun , Mahdavi Amir Hossein 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBacteriophages (BP) are viruses that invade bacteria and propagate inside them, leading to the lysis of the bacterial cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of adding BP to the broiler’s diet and its effect on the performance, morphology and bacterial population of the gut, some immune responses and expression of some intestinal genes. Accordingly, dietary treatments were as follows: basal diet (control), and control + 0.3 g/kg colistin or 0.5, 1 and 1.5 g BP/kg of diet. BP increased the body weight gain and reduced the feed conversion ratio (FCR), as compared to the colistin treatment, in the finisher and overall period (P < 0.05). European efficiency factor was significantly higher in 1.5 g BP-fed birds, as compared to the control and colistin treatments. meanwhile, bacteriophage and colistin-fed birds had higherLactobacillusand lowered coliform bacteria counts, as compared to the control treatment (P < 0.05). Cecal concentrations of propionate in the 1.5 g BP-fed birds were higher than those in the control treatment (P < 0.05). BP-fed birds had a significantly increased villus height to crypt depth ratio, as compared to the control treatment. BP increased the serum concentrations of the total antibody, immunoglobulin (Ig) M, and IgG, as compared to the control treatment (P < 0.05). In the ileum, the expression of the Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) gene was decreased by dietary BP supplementation (P < 0.05). Furthermore, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) gene expression was down-regulated in the BP-fed birds, whereas Interleukin 10 (IL-10) gene expression was up-regulated (P < 0.05). Overall, the use of BP may be a promising alternative to growth-promoting antibiotics in broilers by altering the gastrointestinal tract microbiota, enhancing immunological responses and improving the gut's morphology.
Phylogenetic analysis of Arthrospira strains from Ordos based on 16S rRNA
Authors: Zhang Jingnan , Xue Huiting , Yan Sirui , Shi Haibo , Du Ling , Zhang Junfeng , Huo Da , Hu Ruiping , Yuan Hong , Ma Chunli 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTo study the growth rate of different Arthrospira strains, three species of Arthrospira from Ordos alkaline lake, labeled as sp.DD, sp.ER, sp.FB, one species of Arthrospira from Hasu Sea in Hohhot, labeled as sp.HS, another purified strain labeled as sp.QD donated by the Ocean University of China had been collected. The first four need to be further isolated and purified in culture. The growth curves of all strains were plotted. Subsequently, 16S rRNA sequences were amplified and sequenced in an attempt to study taxonomic relationships. The results showed that the growth rate was increased in the first 9 days, and sp.DD had the highest growth rate. Analysis of the sequencing results revealed that sp.HS had 99.79% homology with Arthrospira platensis strain Sp-2, sp.DD had 99.69% homology with Arthrospira platensis FACHB834, sp.QD had 99.54% homology with Arthrospira platensis F3S, sp.ER had 99.79% homology with Arthrospira erdosensis ‘Inner Mongolia’, sp.FB had 99.74% homology with Arthrospira erdosensis ‘Inner Mongolia’. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that sp.HS was closely related to Arthrospira platensis strain Sp-2; sp.DD and sp.QD had a close genetic relationship; sp.ER and sp.FB had a close genetic relationship. In conclusion, these findings provide a theoretical basis for the further development and reproduction of dominant algae species in Inner Mongolia through biological analysis of Arthrospira.
Evaluation of urinary catheters for effective manual bladder washout
Authors: Kobatake Kohei , Inoue Shogo , Takemoto Kenshiro , Fukushima Takahumi , Sekino Yohei , Ikeda Kenichiro , Goto Keisuke , Hayashi Tetsutaro , Teishima Jun , Hinata Nobuyuki 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOur purpose was to evaluate the efficiency of manual bladder washout (MBW) for bladder retention by blood clot formation using urinary catheters. Three types of 22 Fr urinary catheters, a rounded tip Foley catheter (FC) with the standard two eyes, an open-ended Nelaton catheter (NC) with a side hole, and an open-ended Foley catheter (OEFC) with a side hole closer to the tip than NC, were evaluated. An automatic irrigation device that could perform a predetermined procedure mimicking MBW under constant velocity was fabricated. The procedure using catheters and the device was performed in a pseudo blood clot or in water. The total area of the holes was the largest in NC followed by FC and OEFC. The predetermined operations using our device revealed that NC needed less force and could effectively remove pseudo clots from the early stage of the operations. Fluid visualization experiments suggested that a closer distance between the tip and the side hole could improve the efficiency of clot removal. In conclusion, the larger the area of the hole in urinary catheter, the less force is required for MBW. Furthermore, the most efficient catheter with two holes for MBW needs to be at least open-ended with a side hole closer to the tip.
A UPFC‐based robust damping controller for optimal use of renewable energy sources in modern renewable integrated power systems
Authors: Darabian Mohsen , Bagheri Amir , Behzadpoor Saeid 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes coordinated design of wide‐area damping controller (WADC) in the presence of renewable energy resources in a large‐scale power system. To tackle with constant and time‐varying delays in wide‐area system, a robust criterion based on H∞ has been used for the coordinated WADC design. By using an auxiliary function in Lyapunov function, conservatism of linear inequality matrix (LMI) is reduced, such that larger delay margin and larger feasibility region is obtained in the presence of delays. The wind farms here are composed of doubly‐fed induction generator (DFIG) and squirrel‐cage induction generator (SCIG), which are connected to common bus of photovoltaic (PV) system by using unified power flow controller (UPFC). Then, the renewable energy units are integrated with 10 and 16‐machine power systems. Afterwards, by identifying oscillating modes, the coordinated design of WADC is carried out for rotor‐side‐converter (RSC) in DFIG, DC/AC converter in the PV units, shunt converter (SHC) in UPFC, and power system stabilizer (PSS). Different scenarios of power system operating conditions are considered to evaluate performance of the proposed approach. The simulations in power system analysis toolbox (PSAT) and programming in MATLAB demonstrate effectiveness of the conducted method.
Synonym‐based multi‐keyword ranked search with secure k‐NN in 6G network
Authors: Bakkiam David Deebak , Al‐Turjman Fadi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSixth Generation (6G) integrates the next generation communication systems such as maritime, terrestrial, and aerial to offer robust network and massive device connectivity with ultra‐low latency requirement. The cutting edge technologies such as artificial intelligence, quantum machine learning, and millimetre enable hyper‐connectivity to extend the development of mobile communication. The potential technologies utilise different computing infrastructures, on‐demand software, platforms, and machine intelligence to access a massive amount of data in real‐time. The delivery of real‐time data demands third‐party remote access to exploit the resources such as network service and storage to meet user requirements. Moreover, certain computing infrastructures such as cloud, edge, and fog recommend privacy protection to guarantee effective data storage and information retrieval by a data centre. As a result, multi‐keyword searching over encrypted cloud data is commonly exercised to retrieve the cloud data with service integrity. With the use of mobile cloud computing, the data generating IoT device can easily outsource any kind of complex data management system from the local network system. It may commercialise the system site to achieve better resource‐saving. However, data privacy and protection are expected to ensure using encryption techniques before any sensitive data is outsourced via data generating IoT devices. Thus, this paper presents a synonym‐based multi‐keyword ranked search over encrypted cloud data in order to solve privacy‐preserving and computation cost. The proposed mechanism constructs an m‐Way search tree to allot an index vector for each document which applies a depth‐first search to compute top score ranking to realise better search efficiency. The examination results show that the assumed index vectors can be subdivided into the sub‐vectors before storing them into the index tree to achieve better security and computation efficiency.
Radar detection and fast motion parameter estimation for complex manoeuvering targets at high speed and acceleration
Authors: Gao Xuanhao , Zhang Hongmin , Dang Tongxin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCoherent integration of complex manoeuvering targets at high speed and acceleration causes range and Doppler frequency migration and lead to large computational burdens and parameter estimation error. To solve this, the geometric‐auxiliary location rotation transform (GLRT), fast parameter estimation method, and periodic, scaled generalised, high‐order ambiguity function (PSGHAF) were proposed for this study. The quadratic range migration was corrected using the second‐order keystone transform. The GLRT uses the geometrical relationship between the rotation angle and trajectory projection to estimate the velocity and initial range in different noise environments without searching for multidimensional parameters. Thereafter, the high‐acceleration and jerk estimations of the target signal are obtained using PSGHAF, which uses the periodicity of discrete Fourier transformation (DFT) to extend the estimation scope of acceleration. This avoids estimation errors without changing the radar system parameters. Compared with others, the proposed algorithm has a lower computational complexity and improved detection performance. Numerical simulations and real data from unmanned aerial vehicles demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed solution.
ConKer: An algorithm for evaluating correlations of arbitrary order
Authors: Brown Z. , Mishtaku G. , Demina R. 
Published: August 2022

Context.High order correlations in the cosmic matter density have become increasingly valuable in cosmological analyses. However, computing these correlation functions is computationally expensive.Aims.We aim to circumvent these challenges by developing a new algorithm called ConKer for estimating correlation functions.Methods.This algorithm performs convolutions of matter distributions with spherical kernels using FFT. Since matter distributions and kernels are defined on a grid, it results in some loss of accuracy in the distance and angle definitions. We study the algorithm setting at which these limitations become critical and suggest ways to minimize them.Results.ConKer is applied to the CMASS sample of the SDSS DR12 galaxy survey and corresponding mock catalogs, and is used to compute the correlation functions up to correlation ordern= 5. We compare then= 2 andn= 3 cases to traditional algorithms to verify the accuracy of the new algorithm. We perform a timing study of the algorithm and find that three of the four distinct processes within the algorithm are nearly independent of the catalog sizeN, while one subdominant component scales asO(N). The dominant portion of the calculation has complexity ofO(Nc4/3logNc), whereNcis the of cells in a three-dimensional grid corresponding to the matter density.Conclusions.We find ConKer to be a fast and accurate method of probing high order correlations in the cosmic matter density, then discuss its application to upcoming surveys of large-scale structure.
Evidence for past interaction with an asymmetric circumstellar shell in the young SNR Cassiopeia A
Authors: Orlando S. , Wongwathanarat A. , Janka H.-T. , Miceli M. , Nagataki S. , Ono M. , Bocchino F. , Vink J. , Milisavljevic D. , Patnaude D. J. , Peres G. 
Published: August 2022

Context. Observations of the supernova remnant (SNR) Cassiopeia A (Cas A) show significant asymmetries in the reverse shock that cannot be explained by models describing a remnant expanding through a spherically symmetric wind of the progenitor star.
Aims. We investigate whether a past interaction of Cas A with a massive asymmetric shell of the circumstellar medium can account for the observed asymmetries of the reverse shock.
Methods. We performed three-dimensional (3D) (magneto)-hydrodynamic simulations that describe the remnant evolution from the SN explosion to its interaction with a massive circumstellar shell. The initial conditions (soon after the shock breakout at the stellar surface) are provided by a 3D neutrino-driven SN model whose morphology closely resembles Cas A and the SNR simulations cover ≈2000 yr of evolution. We explored the parameter space of the shell, searching for a set of parameters able to produce an inward-moving reverse shock in the western hemisphere of the remnant at the age of ≈350 yr, analogous to that observed in Cas A.
Results. The interaction of the remnant with the shell can produce asymmetries resembling those observed in the reverse shock if the shell was asymmetric with the densest portion in the (blueshifted) nearside to the northwest (NW). According to our favorite model, the shell was thin (thickness σ ≈ 0.02 pc) with a radius rsh ≈ 1.5 pc from the center of the explosion. The reverse shock shows the following asymmetries at the age of Cas A: (i) it moves inward in the observer frame in the NW region, while it moves outward in most other regions; (ii) the geometric center of the reverse shock is offset to the NW by ≈0.1 pc from the geometric center of the forward shock; and (iii) the reverse shock in the NW region has enhanced nonthermal emission because, there, the ejecta enter the reverse shock with a higher relative velocity (between 4000 and 7000 km s−1) than in other regions (below 2000 km s−1).
Conclusions. The large-scale asymmetries observed in the reverse shock of Cas A can be interpreted as signatures of the interaction of the remnant with an asymmetric dense circumstellar shell that occurred between ≈180 and ≈240 yr after the SN event. We suggest that the shell was, most likely, the result of a massive eruption from the progenitor star that occurred between 104 and 105 yr prior to core-collapse. We estimate a total mass of the shell of the order of 2 M⊙.
Thermally enhanced tearing in solar current sheets: Explosive reconnection with plasmoid-trapped condensations
Authors: Sen Samrat , Keppens Rony 
Published: August 2022

Context. Thermal instability plays a major role in condensation phenomena in the solar corona (e.g., for coronal rain and prominence formation). In flare-relevant current sheets, tearing instability may trigger explosive reconnection and plasmoid formation. However, how the two instabilities influence the disruption of current concentrations in the solar corona has received less attention to date.
Aims. We explore how the thermal and tearing modes reinforce each other in the fragmentation of a current sheet in the solar corona through an explosive reconnection process, characterized by the formation of plasmoids which interact and trap condensing plasma.
Methods. We used a resistive magnetohydrodynamic simulation of a 2D current layer, incorporating the non-adiabatic effects of optically thin radiative energy loss and background heating using the open-source code MPI-AMRVAC. Multiple levels of adaptive mesh refined grids are used to achieve a high resolution to resolve the fine structures during the evolution of the system.
Results. Our parametric survey explores different resistivities and plasma-β to quantify the instability growth rate in the linear and nonlinear regimes. We note that for dimensionless resistivity values within 10−4 − 5 × 10−3, we obtain explosive behavior where thermal instability and tearing behavior reinforce each other. This is clearly below the usual critical Lundquist number range of pure resistive explosive plasmoid formation. We calculate the mean growth rate for the linear phase and different nonlinear phases of the evolution. The nonlinear growth rates follow a weak power-law dependency with resistivity. The fragmentation of the current sheet and the formation of the plasmoids in the nonlinear phase of the evolution due to the thermal and tearing instabilities are obtained. The formation of plasmoids is found for the Lundquist number (SL) range 4.6 × 103 − 2.34 × 105. We quantify the temporal variation in the plasmoid numbers and the density filling factor of the plasmoids for different physical conditions. We also find that the maximum plasmoid numbers scale as SL0.223.Within the nonlinearly coalescing plasmoid chains, localized cool condensations gather, realizing density and temperature contrasts similar to coronal rain or prominences.
Relationship Between the Types and Diameters of Residual Vessels and Secondary TAPS after Fetoscopic Laser Surgery for TTTS
Authors: Feng Shuo , Li Genxia , Yin Pan , Zhu TeXuan , Cheng ChunHua , Dong Li 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjective This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the characteristics and diameters of residual anastomoses and the occurrence of twin anemia-polycythemia sequence (TAPS) in twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) patients with placental vascular injection after fetoscopic laser surgery (FLS).Methods A total of 90 cases of pregnant women who underwent FLS owing to TTTS were collected in the university hospital from May 2018 to December 2020. Therein, 40 cases received placental injection and were divided into the TAPS group and non-TAPS group according to the postoperative complications. The number of residual superficial anastomoses was counted and the diameter was measured.Results Among the placentae of nine patients in the TAPS group, two cases had no superficial anastomoses, and seven cases had 16 superficial anastomoses, including eight arterio-venous (AV) anastomoses, two veno-arterial (VA) anastomoses, three arterio-arterial (AA) anastomoses and three veno-venous (VV) anastomoses. Among the placentae of 31 patients in the non-TAPS group, 19 cases had no superficial anastomoses, and 12 cases had 18 superficial anastomoses, including two AV anastomoses, five VA anastomoses, seven AA anastomoses, and four VV anastomoses; and both the two cases of AV anastomoses were accompanied by AA anastomoses. The number of AV anastomoses in the placentae of the TAPS group was significantly elevated compared with that in the non-TAPS group (p<0.05). While there was no significant difference in the numbers of placentae with superficial anastomoses, the numbers of blood vessels with VA anastomoses, VV anastomoses, and AA anastomoses between the two groups (p>0.05). Through analyzing the diameters of 34 superficial anastomoses in the two groups, it was shown that the diameters of AA anastomoses in the non-TAPS group were significantly larger than those in the TAPS group (Z=1.97, p<0.05). There was no statistical difference in the diameters of AV anastomoses (Z=0.52, p>0.05), VA anastomoses (Z=0.98, p>0.05), and VV anastomoses (Z=0.36, p>0.05). The differences of the birth weight and inter-twin hemoglobin difference were statistically significant (p<0.05). The result indicated that the differences between age, gestational weeks at operation, delivery, and mean operating times were not statistically significant (p>0.05).Conclusion The increase in the number of AV anastomoses could obviously elevate the incidence of TAPS. The probability of TAPS occurrence is reduced following the increased diameters of AA anastomoses, demonstrating that AA anastomosis has a protective effect on TTTS patients.
„So unter Druck gesetzt zu werden, das hab‘ ich nicht
gedacht.“ Fördernde und hemmende Einflüsse auf
Zugangswege zu den Frühen Hilfen aus Sicht der Eltern
Authors: Hippmann Franzisca , Jürgensen Martina , Cytera Chirine , Thyen Ute 
Published: August 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Frühe Hilfen bieten präventive Angebote an und
sind offen für alle Familien mit Kindern bis 3 Jahren, besonders jedoch
für Familien mit Belastungen, welche zu Unterstützungsbedarf
führen. Im Vergleich zu Familien mit geringen Belastungen finden
psychosozial stark belastete Familien weniger häufig einen Zugang zu den
Frühen Hilfen.
Ziel der Studie Untersucht werden fördernde und hemmende
Einflüsse auf Zugangswege zu den Frühen Hilfen.
Material und Methoden Es wurden teilstrukturierte,
leitfadengestützte Einzelinterviews (N=17) mit Familien
(N=13) geführt. Die Eltern hatten an einem
Beratungsgespräch teilgenommen, in welchem eine Fachkraft
Unterstützungsbedarf festgestellt und Frühe Hilfen-Angebote
empfohlen hatte. Die Interviews wurden mittels qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse,
angelehnt an Mayring, ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse und Diskussion Als förderlich für den Zugang zu
Angeboten der Frühen Hilfen bewerten die Eltern eine vertrauensvolle,
klare Kommunikation in den Beratungsgesprächen. Eine Barriere entsteht,
wenn sie sich unter Druck gesetzt fühlen oder selbst keinen Bedarf an
Unterstützung empfinden. Beratungsgespräche sollten zu
unterschiedlichen Zeitpunkten (z. B. Schwangerschaft, Wochenbett)
angeboten werden.
Schlussfolgerung Feinfühligkeit, wertfreie und vertrauensvolle
Kommunikation auf Augenhöhe und ein Befähigungsansatz im Umgang
mit Eltern sind in Beratungssituationen erfolgsversprechend.
One-Pot Synthesis of 2-Sulfonamidobenzo[b]thiophenes Enabled by a Mild Protonative Activation of Ynamides
Authors: Lim Hee Nam , Yeom Hyun-Suk , Kim Solbin , Lim So Yeun , Kwak Kihun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe silica gel promoted or solvent-promoted protonative intramolecular cyclization of ynamides containing an o-(methylthio)aryl group resulted in the one-pot formation of biologically important ­benzo[b]thiophenes. Compared with ynamide activation methods that use strong Brønsted acids or expensive transition metals, this protocol is mild and economical. Due to these merits, various functionalized 2-amidobenzo[b]thiophenes were furnished in a convenient way.
Gender Affirming Body Contouring and Physical Transformation in Transgender Individuals
Authors: Asokan Arjun , Sudheendran Madhu K. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThere is a subset of transgender individuals, who after having undergone gender affirming surgeries want body contouring so that the overall body shape is congruent to the body image. Hormonal therapy can bring about a considerable change in the physical transformation. However, there is an increase in requests for specific body contouring procedures because of increased awareness in the society.There are significant differences between the skeletal as well as soft tissue characteristics of male and female body. Body contouring in transgender individuals can be achieved by altering the skeletal structure or the overlying soft tissues or combining both. In this article, we discuss body contouring as an adjunct to gender affirming surgeries, in both male to female and female to male transgender individuals.