bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lysine deserts prevent adventitious ubiquitylation of ubiquitin-proteasome components
Authors: Kampmeyer Caroline , Grønbæk-Thygesen Martin , Oelerich Nicole , Tatham Michael H. , Cagiada Matteo , Lindorff-Larsen Kresten , Boomsma Wouter , Hofmann Kay , Hartmann-Petersen Rasmus 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn terms of its relative frequency, lysine is a common amino acid in the human proteome. However, by bioinformatics we find hundreds of proteins that contain long and evolutionarily conserved stretches completely devoid of lysine residues. These so-called lysine deserts show a high prevalence in intrinsically disordered proteins with known or predicted functions within the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), including many E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases and UBL domain proteasome substrate shuttles, such as BAG6, RAD23A, UBQLN1 and UBQLN2. We show that introduction of lysine residues into the deserts leads to a striking increase in ubiquitylation of some of these proteins. In case of BAG6, we show that ubiquitylation is catalyzed by the E3 RNF126, while RAD23A is ubiquitylated by E6AP. Despite the elevated ubiquitylation, mutant RAD23A appears stable, but displays a partial loss of function phenotype in fission yeast. In case of UBQLN1 and BAG6, introducing lysine leads to a reduced abundance due to proteasomal degradation of the proteins. For UBQLN1 we show that arginine residues within the lysine depleted region are critical for its ability to form cytosolic inclusions. We propose that selective pressure to avoid lysine residues may be a common evolutionary mechanism to prevent unwarranted ubiquitylation and/or perhaps other lysine post-translational modifications. This may be particularly relevant for UPS components as they closely and frequently encounter the ubiquitylation machinery and are thus more susceptible to non-specific ubiquitylation.
Sexually dimorphic regulation of gonadotrope cell hyperplasia in medaka pituitary via mitosis and transdifferentiation
Authors: Royan Muhammad Rahmad , Kayo Daichi , Weltzien Finn-Arne , Fontaine Romain 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe two pituitary gonadotropins, Fsh and Lh, regulate the reproductive function in vertebrates. While many studies have investigated the regulation of gonadotropin production and release by the sex steroid feedback, its role on the regulation of gonadotrope cell number remains unclear. Using medaka as a model and an optimized protocol to restore physiological sex steroids levels following gonadectomy, we show that gonadal sex steroids not only decreasefshbtranscript levels, but also Fsh cell number in both sexes. We then investigated the origin of the Fsh cell hyperplasia induced by gonadectomy. In both sexes, BrdU incubation shows that this is achieved via Fsh cell mitosis.In situhybridization reveals that new Fsh cells also originate from transdifferentiating Tsh cells in females, but not in males. Both phenomena are inhibited by sex steroid supplementation via feeding. In males (but not females), gonadectomy (without recovery with sex steroid supplementation) also reducessox2transcript levels and Sox2-immunopositive population volume, suggesting that sox2-progenitors may be recruited to produce new Fsh cells. Opposite to Fsh cells, gonadectomy decreaseslhblevels in both sexes, and levels are not restored by sex steroid supplementation. In addition, the regulation of Lh cell number also seems to be sex dependent. Removal of gonadal sex steroids stimulates Lh cell mitosis in male (like Fsh cells), but not in females. To conclude, our study provides the first evidence on sexually dimorphic mechanisms used in the fish pituitary to remodel gonadotrope populations in response to sex steroids.HIGHLIGHTS-Supplementing gonadectomized fish with sex steroids via feeding allows for the recovery of physiological circulating levels of sex steroids.-Gonadal sex steroids not only regulate gonadotrope cell activity, but also gonadotrope cell number.-Removal of gonadal sex steroids induces Fsh cell hyperplasia via mitosis of Fsh cells in both sexes, and transdifferentiation of Tsh cells into bi-hormonal Tsh/Fsh cells in females only.-Gonadectomy also reduces the number of Sox2 progenitor cells in males (but not in females), suggesting that they may be recruited to contribute to Fsh cell hyperplasia.-Removal of gonadal sex steroids stimulates Lh cell mitosis in males, but not in females.
A heterotrimeric complex ofToxoplasmaproteins promotes parasite survival in interferon gamma stimulated human cells
Authors: Lockyer Eloise J. , Torelli Francesca , Butterworth Simon , Song Ok-Ryul , Howell Steven , Weston Anne , East Philip , Treeck Moritz 
Published: December 2022

AbstractToxoplasma gondiisecretes protein effectors to subvert the human immune system sufficiently to establish a chronic infection. Relative to murine infections, little is known about which parasite effectors disarm human immune responses. Here we used targeted CRISPR screening to identify secreted protein effectors required for parasite survival in IFNγ-activated human cells. Independent screens were carried out using twoToxoplasmastrains which differ in virulence in mice, leading to the identification of effectors required for survival in IFNγ-activated human cells. We identify the secreted protein GRA57 and two other proteins, GRA70 and GRA71, that together form a complex which enhances the ability of parasites to persist in IFNγ-activated human foreskin fibroblasts (HFFs). Components of the protein machinery required for export ofToxoplasmaproteins into the host cell were also found to be important for parasite resistance to IFNγ in human cells, but these export components function independently of the identified protein complex. Host-mediated ubiquitination of the parasite vacuole has previously been associated with increased parasite clearance from human cells, but we find that vacuoles from GRA57, GRA70 and GRA71 knockout strains are surprisingly less ubiquitinated by the host cell. We hypothesise that deletion of this trimeric complex renders parasites hypersensitive to remaining ubiquitination, resulting in increased parasite clearance.
Genome-wide detection of positive and balancing selection signatures shared by four domesticated rainbow trout populations (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Authors: Paul K. , Restoux G. , Phocas F. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEvolutionary processes leave footprints across the genome over time. Highly homozygous regions may correspond to positive selection of favourable alleles, while maintenance of heterozygous regions may be due to balancing selection phenomena. We analyzed 176 genomes coming from 20 sequenced US fish and 156 fish from three different French lines that were genotyped using a HD Axiom Trout Genotyping 665K SNP Array. Using methods based on either Run of Homozygosity or Extended Haplotype Homozygosity, we detected selection signals in four domesticated rainbow trout populations. Nine genomic regions composed of 253 genes, mainly located on chromosome 2 but also on chromosomes 12, 15, 16, and 20, were identified under positive selection in all four populations. In addition, four heterozygous regions containing 29 genes putatively under balancing selection were also shared by the four populations and located on chromosomes 10, 13, and 19. Whatever the homozygous or heterozygous nature of the region, we always found some genes highly conserved among vertebrates due to their critical roles in cellular and nuclear organisation, embryonic development or immunity. We identify new promising candidate genes involved in rainbow trout fitness, as well as genes already detected under positive selection in other fishes (auts2, atp1b3, zp4, znf135, igf-1α, brd2, col9a2, mrap2, pbx1, emilin-3). These findings represent a genome-wide map of signatures of selection common over rainbow trout populations, which is the foundation to understand the processes in action and to identify what kind of diversity should be preserved, or conversely avoided in breeding programs, in order to maintain or improve essential biological functions in domesticated rainbow trout populations.
Being “green” to trust and continue in a global pandemic
Authors: Thao Nguyen Thi Phuong , Tran Lobel Trong Thuy 
Published: December 2022

PurposeGiven the severe impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on bank business activities, this study aims to examine how green brand image and online trust affect customers' continuance intention (CI) under the boundary condition of perceived effectiveness of e-services (PEES).Design/methodology/approachAn extensive review of the green marketing perspective was conducted to identify the incremental contributions of the current study (e.g. extensions of online trust and PEES). The authors used the common questionnaire survey strategy for the data collection while applying the partial least squares technique for further analyses.FindingsUsing data from 460 bank customers, the findings indicated that online trust positively mediates the relationship between green brand image and CI under the moderating effect of PEES. At high levels of PEES, online trust exerts strongest effect on customers' CI.Research limitations/implicationsThis study responds to the emerging call for understanding the PEES role, under which online trust leads to CI in the context of the global pandemic.Practical implicationsThe authors provide bank managers with a helpful extension of green marketing with PEES to manage online trust and customer intention, thereby increasing the managers' strategic effectiveness.Originality/valueThe current study explores the moderating role of PEES that plays in the green brand image, online trust and CI relationships, in responding to the pandemic situation.
“Work it, work it non-stop” – Event industry employees' unconscious application of the Five Ways to Wellbeing
Authors: Stadler Raphaela , Walters Trudie , Jepson Allan Stewart 
Published: December 2022

PurposeThis paper explores mental wellbeing in the events industry. We argue that mental wellbeing is often difficult to achieve in the stressful and deadline-driven events industry, and that better awareness and understanding of specific actions for employees to flourish at work is needed.Design/methodology/approachWe used in-depth semi-structured interviews with event professionals in the UK to investigate their individual coping strategies. To contextualise, we used the Five Ways to Wellbeing framework as an analytical tool.FindingsOur findings reveal that event professionals currently unconsciously engage in a variety of actions to maintain and enhance their mental wellbeing outside of work, but not at work. Out of the Five Ways to Wellbeing, specific actions to Connect, Be Active and Take Notice were most important to event professionals. The remaining two ways, Keep Learning and Give, were also identified in the data, although they were less prominent.Practical implicationsWe present recommendations for event professionals to more consciously engage with the Five Ways to Wellbeing and for employers to develop mental wellbeing initiatives that allow their employees to flourish.Originality/valueIn event studies, the Five Ways to Wellbeing have thus far only been applied to event attendees, volunteers and the local community. Our paper highlights how event employees can also benefit from engaging in some of the actions set out in the framework to enhance their mental wellbeing at work.
Characterizing teachers' collective learning through lesson study as document development: a case study in China
Authors: Huang Xingfeng , Huang Rongjin 
Published: December 2022

PurposeThis study aimed to explore how an adapted theoretical framework by networking two theories could help document teachers' collective learning through lesson study.Design/methodology/approachInterconnected Model of Teacher Professional Growth (IMPG) and Documentational Approach to Didactics (DAD) has been used individually to document teachers' professional learning from different aspects. The IMPG captures teachers’ growth through the iterative process and dynamics (i.e. enactment and reflection) among four domains (personal domain, external domain, practice domain and consequence domain). At the same time, the DAD primarily focuses on teacher learning through the interactions between resources and teachers. To deepen understanding of teachers' learning through lesson study, in this study, a networked theoretical framework through which the DAD model is enriched by incorporating some ideas from IMPG is proposed. A lesson study, including five stages of study, plan, enact, reflect and refine, facilitated by a researcher was conducted in Shanghai China. The data sets including all videotaped meetings and research lessons and lesson plans of the lesson study are analyzed based on the adapted framework qualitatively.FindingsThe results show that the teachers' document evolved from adopting the traditional teaching materials to adapting both traditional ones and e-resources with careful consideration of student learning through the lesson study process.Research limitations/implicationsThis study advances our understanding of networking strategies and their usefulness for deepening teacher professional learning as document development through lesson study. However, the sustainability of this type of professional learning needs to be further explored.Originality/valueThis study expands teacher learning through lesson study as the document development and enriches the DAD theory by illuminating the process of the documentational genesis.
Gimmick or revolution: can corporate digital transformation improve accounting information quality?
Authors: Chen Wanyi , Cai Weiyu , Hu Yingfan , Zhang Yuke , Yu Qinyuan 
Published: December 2022

PurposeThis study explores the impact mechanism of corporate digital transformation (CDT) on the quality of accounting information.Design/methodology/approachSamples of A-share listed companies on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges from 2007 to 2020 are used as a research sample. The empirical analysis is based on the ordinary least squares regression model, and mediation and moderation effect models were used in further analysis.FindingsThis study finds that CDT enhances accounting information quality by alleviating the agency problem. This positive effect is more significant among firms that exhibit less media coverage, have low industry competition and are not subject to cyber-attack.Originality/valueThis study extends the economic consequences of CDT and enriches the literature on the factors that affect accounting information quality. Further, this study's findings guide the government to actively promote CDT, facilitate the digital upgrading of industries and improve accounting information quality and efficiency in capital markets.
The lens of theory: seeing better or differently?
Authors: Nordberg Donald 
Published: December 2022

PurposeThis article explicates the notion of using a “theoretical lens” to interpret research data, which has grown increasingly common in recent decades, often without a second thought about the implications of use of a mere metaphor in the pursuit of truth. Poets may not question that metaphors reveal truths, but should social scientists accept that?Design/methodology/approachIt looks first at what theory means, then – and in greater detail – what the metaphor of a lens entails.FindingsDrawing on the base analogy in optics, it identifies four mechanisms through which theory might act as a lens – adjustment, correction, distortion and augmentation-suppression, with examples based on theories of business strategy and organisation studies.Research limitations/implicationsThese four mechanisms involve two different ways of seeing – better and differently. With adjustment and correction see better what is, or perhaps what was. With distortion and especially augmentation-suppression, we see differently, which helps us imagine what might be, or what we might have overlooked. They help us escape narrow silos of thinking. Researchers and students alike need to be aware of all four lenses of theory and be ready to experiment.Originality/valueIt argues that if some theories try to help us see better, others push us to see differently, with implications for the practice and teaching of research methods.
Assessing the long-run and short-run effect of monetary variables on stock market in the presence of structural breaks: evidence from liberalized India
Authors: Bhattacharjee Animesh , Das Joy 
Published: December 2022

PurposeThe present study examines the long-run and short-run effects of monetary factors (money supply, interest rate, inflation and foreign currency exchange rate) on the Indian stock market.Design/methodology/approachThe study used sophisticated econometric tools to analyse monthly observations from January 1993 to December 2019.FindingsThe augmented Dickey–Fuller (ADF) test indicates that the variables involved in the present study are either I(0) or I(1). The Bai–Perron test multiple break point test identifies four breakpoint dates in the Indian stock market index series. The breakpoint dates are incorporated as different dummy variables in the autoregressive distributed lag-error correction model (ARDL-ECM) regression. The F-bounds test reveals that the variables in the study are cointegrated within the time period under consideration. This study’s findings show that the interest rate, which is a proxy for monetary policy instrument, and the foreign currency exchange rate have a negative impact on the Indian stock market. Furthermore, the authors find that structural changes significantly affect the performance of Indian stock market.Practical implicationsThe study's outcomes indicate that economic factors should be taken into account by investors and portfolio managers when formulating long-term investment strategies. The government, through the Reserve Bank of India, should exercise caution in avoiding discretionary actions that could increase interest rates since the flow of funds to the stock market will be disrupted. To reduce risk, investors should keep a close eye on how interest rates and foreign exchange rates are rising.Originality/valueThe study covers a long period of time, which the majority of previous work did not consider. Furthermore, the study uses different dummy variables in the ARDL model to represent structural breaks (as determined by the Bai–Perron multiple break point test).
Regulation and policy-making for urban cultural heritage preservation: a comparison between Iran and Italy
Authors: Boodaghi Omid , Fanni Zohreh , Mehan Asma 
Published: December 2022

PurposeDespite various comparative studies in the field of cultural heritage protection in the world, there is still a significant lack of comparative research on policies related to the legal system of countries' governance. The purpose of this study is to address the comparative policies in Iran and Italy, with a particular focus on the results of the executive experiences of two different types of policies in the cities of Oroumieh (North-West of Iran) and Turin (in North-West of Italy).Design/methodology/approachUtilising the comparative, analytical, bibliographic and descriptive historical research methodology, which is based on the study of the local, national and international comprehensive review of regulations and policy-making of cultural heritage preservation policies in Iran and Italy. In this research, the related documents in three languages (Persian, Italian and English) have been examined to compare profoundly and comprehensively the policies and regulations adopted in these two countries to be able to analyze the national and transnational regulations and local policies in the cultural heritage sector.FindingsIn addition to many cultural similarities and numerous commonalities, especially in the multiplicity of urban cultural heritage in historical centers, the results suggest that the legislation structure in Iran is much more centralized than in Italy. Also, the findings suggest that Italy focuses on aligning its previously centralized national legislative system in line with contemporary European heritage and preservation policies.Originality/valueThe paper outlines how to use historical and cultural similarities through comparative study to benefit the experiences of two historical countries in urban heritage conservation and policy-making part despite their differences.
Molecular dynamics simulation-based microstructure evolution and subsurface damage of Fe-Ni alloy grinding
Authors: Guo Weicheng , Wu Chongjun , Meng Xiankai , Luo Chao , Lin Zhijian 
Published: December 2022

PurposeMolecular dynamics is an emerging simulation technique in the field of machining in recent years. Many researchers have tried to simulate different processing methods of various materials with the theory of molecular dynamics (MD), and some preliminary conclusions have been obtained. However, the application of MD simulation is more limited compared with traditional finite element model (FEM) simulation technique due to the complex modeling approach and long computation time. Therefore, more studies on the MD simulations are required to provide a reliable theoretical basis for the nanoscale interpretation of grinding process. This study investigates the crystal structures, dislocations, force, temperature and subsurface damage (SSD) in the grinding of iron-nickel alloy using MD analysis.Design/methodology/approach In this study the simulation model is established on the basis of the workpiece and single cubic boron nitride (CBN) grit with embedded atom method and Morse potentials describing the forces and energies between different atoms. The effects of grinding parameters on the material microstructure are studied based on the simulation results.FindingsWhen CBN grit goes through one of the grains, the arrangement of atoms within the grain will be disordered, but other grains will not be easily deformed due to the protection of the grain boundaries. Higher grinding speed and larger cutting depth can cause greater impact of grit on the atoms, and more body-centered cubic (BCC) structures will be destroyed. The dislocations will appear in grain boundaries due to the rearrangement of atoms in grinding. The increase of grinding speed results in the more transformation from BCC to amorphous structures.Originality/valueThis study is aimed to study the grinding of Fe-Ni alloy (maraging steel) with single grit through MD simulation method, and to reveal the microstructure evolution within the affected range of SSD layer in the workpiece. The simulation model of polycrystalline structure of Fe-Ni maraging steel and grinding process of single CBN grit is constructed based on the Voronoi algorithm. The atomic accumulation, transformation of crystal structures, evolution of dislocations as well as the generation of SSD are discussed according to the simulation results.