bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the relationship between nutrition and the risk of fatal outcomes from cardiovascular diseases in people with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Kuntsevich A. K. , Shchetinina A. O. , Mustafina S. V. , Verevkin E. G. , Simonova G. I. , Shcherbakova L. V. , Rymar O. D. 
Published: July 2022

Aim. To evaluate the relationship between nutrition and the risk of fatal outcomes from cardiovascular diseases in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Materials and methods. The baseline study was conducted within the HAPIEE project in 2002–2005. The followup period for the observed cohort, including individuals with T2DM, lasted from 2003–2005 to December 31, 2018 and reached on average 12.8 years (1.1 ± 16.0 years). Within the study, 2 groups were formed: the treatment group which included persons with T2DM who “developed fatal events” and the control group which encompassed individuals with T2DM who “did not develop fatal events” during the follow-up. The treatment group included 207 people (107 men, 100 women), the average age for both sexes was 62.4 ± 5.9 years; the control group consisted of 474 people (177 men, 297 women), the average age for both sexes was 58.1 ± 6.6 years. The data on actual nutrition were obtained from a survey of the participants using the Food Frequency Questionnaire and included information on consumption of 147 foods. Statistical processing of the data was carried out using the SPSS 13.0 software package. The data were presented as M ± SD, where M is the arithmetic mean and SD is the standard deviation. An analysis of the association between nutrition and the risk of death from cardiovascular diseases was performed using the Cox regression model. The differences were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05.Results. In the studied sample, we identified a significant relationship between the consumption of a number of foods and the risk of death from cardiovascular diseases in people with T2DM over a 15-year follow-up. It was shown that increased consumption of fruits (by 80 g / day) and nuts (by 2 g / day) was significantly associated with a decreased risk of death in men: hazard ratio (HR) = 0.726, p = 0.044 and HR = 0.826, p = 0.011, respectively. Increased consumption of eggs in men (by 50 g / day) was associated with an increased risk of death: HR = 1.728, p = 0.003. In women, a decreased risk of death was observed only with the consumption of meat products: HR = 0.786, p = 0.036.Conclusion. The results of the study showed a clear relationship between the consumption of a number of foods and the risk of death from cardiovascular diseases. Thus, increased consumption of fruits, nuts, and meat products was significantly associated with a decreased risk of death from cardiovascular diseases in people with T2DM, while the consumption of eggs and dairy products, on the contrary, was associated with an increased risk of mortality. These data indicate the importance of dietary control in individuals with carbohydrate metabolism disorders.
Evaluation of the functional state of mitochondria isolated from mononuclear leukocytes by flow cytometry in patients with chronic heart failure receiving ubidecarenone
Authors: Lobanova O. A. , Gaikovaya L. B. , Dadali V. A. , Ermakov A. I. , Kukharchik G. A. 
Published: July 2022

Aim. To evaluate the functional state of mitochondria isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes using flow cytometry in patients with chronic heart failure receiving ubidecarenone (coenzyme Q).Materials and methods. The study included 53 patients with chronic heart failure who had experienced myocardial infarction. The patients were divided into two groups: group 1 received optimally chosen standard therapy, while group 2 received optimally chosen standard therapy and ubidecarenone (“Kudevite”). The mitochondrial membrane potential was evaluated by flow cytometry using propidium iodide and 3,3′-dihexyloxacarbocyanine iodide (DiOC6(3)). The levels of coenzyme Q were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet (UV) detection.Results. A direct correlation was established between the coenzyme Q levels in the blood plasma and the percentage of DiOC6(3)-positive cells (R = 0.39; р < 0.05) in the patients with chronic heart failure. In group 1, no significant differences in the coenzyme Q levels and the percentage of DiOC6(3)-positive and DiOC6(3)-negative cells before and after the therapy were observed. In group 2, a significant increase in the proportion of DiOC6(3)-positive cells and a significant decrease in the percentage of DiOC6(3)-negative cells were revealed.Conclusion. The increase in the functional activity of mitochondria in the patients with chronic heart failure receiving ubidecarenone was identified. Flow cytometry can be used to evaluate the functional state of mitochondria and observe the efficiency of the selected therapy.
Bacterial Diversity in Different Positions in the Iraqi Marine Area
Authors: Jaafar Raghad Shubbar , Al-Taee Asaad , Al-Kanany Fadhil Neamah 
Published: July 2022

Microorganisms establish both structural and functional construction in the marine environment, despite scientific advances, the identification of marine bacterial species is still considered as a common challenge in microbiology. Nevertheless, the present study aims to make an effort, although it seems modest, but it could establish a basis for studying the bacterial diversity in the Iraqi marine area, because of what this aspect entails of the poverty of studies related to this aspect in the studied area. The current results show the marine studied area are classified within worming area, where the average temperature ranged from 23.17 to 26.17 ºC. The recorded number of bacteria was increased with temperature increasing (0.210, 0.250, 0.305, 0.517, 0.553 and 0.625) through the studied period (January, February, March, April, May and June) respectively. The results showed that the identified bacteria were related to three bacterial phyla(Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria),with the clear superiority to the phyla (Firmicutes).The most occurrence bacterial genera were( Staphylococcus lentus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio alginolyticus, Sphingomonus paucimobilis and Aeromonas hydrophila/caviae), which have different percentage of frequency ,(50,40,60,30 and 20%) respectively. The present discoveries provide initial evidence on the bacterial diversity in the Iraqi marine waters. Further studies are necessary to make a more comprehensive image of bacterial diversity within these marine regions.
Running Tittle: Marine Bacterial Diversity
Operational stability, low light performance, and long-lived transients in mixed-halide perovskite solar cells with a monolayer-based hole extraction layer
Authors: Murdey Richard , Ishikura Yasuhisa , Matsushige Yuku , Hu Shuaifeng , Pascual Jorge , Truong Minh Anh , Nakamura Tomoya , Wakamiya Atsushi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Due to their tunable bandgap and low manufacturing cost, metal halide perovskite solar cells are attractive for ambient/indoor light-harvesting applications. In this work, we evaluate p-i-n perovskite solar cells fabricated with MeO-2PACz, a molecular monolayer hole extraction layer, as potential candidates for ambient light-harvesting applications. Two triple-cation mixed halide lead perovskite absorbers are compared, one with high bromide content (Br/I ratio 1:2, bandgap 1.72 eV, 16.1% power conversion efficiency) and one with low bromide content (Br/I ratio 1:11, bandgap 1.57 eV, 19.1% power conversion efficiency). Both materials demonstrated good stability while operating under simulated sunlight at the maximum power point for 100 h, a cumulative light dose comparable to over two years of ambient use. After 100 h operation, however, the measured device efficiency fell temporarily due to a transient loss of output current before returning to the nominal level after a long recovery period in the dark. These transient losses were more apparent in the wide bandgap device under strong light and were likely caused by light-induced halide segregation. After recovery, both devices retained good performance under a wide range of light intensities. Under a simulated ambient light source (835 lx white LED), the power conversion efficiency of the wide bandgap device reached 30.4%.
Pyrolysis as a value added method for plastic waste management: A review on converting LDPE and HDPE waste into fuel
Authors: Uthpalani Panakaduwa Gamage Imesha , Premachandra Jagath Kumara , De Silva Deeyagahage Sujeewa Mallika , Weerasinghe Vithanage Primali Anuruddhika 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The global demand for plastic is increasing year by year due to its indispensable uses and excellent properties. The rate of post-consumer plastic waste discarded into the environment is also increasing in parallel with the demand for plastics. The amount of plastic waste generated varies based on its uses such as household, industrial, commercial, hospital, and others. Plastic wastes persist for many years due to their slow deterioration and cause severe environmental problems. Therefore, there is a growing focus worldwide on plastic waste disposal methods to overcome adverse environmental impacts. As the plastics are petroleum-based materials, the pyrolysis of plastics to fuel oil, gases, and char, has a great concern than the other plastic waste management methods of recycling and landfilling. A yield of 70-80 wt.% of liquid fuel from a pyrolysis waste has been reported elsewhere which emerges the importance and aptness of this method in plastic waste management. This paper review the existing literature on pyrolysis processes developed for HDPE and LDPE wastes globally and their governing factors of heating rate, temperature, processing time, polymer to catalysts ratio, type of the catalysts, and type of the reactor that influenced the yields of fuel oil and gases
The Importance of Noise Attenuation Levels in Neonatal Incubators
Authors: Fernández-Zacarías Francisco , Puyana‐Romero Virginia , Hernández-Molina Ricardo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: It is known that high noise levels can be harmful to preterm infants, causing physiological and psychological disorders. It is also known that premature babies spend a lot of time in an incubator. In this sense, many studies show that incubator noise levels can range from 45 dB to 70 dB. However, these differences in noise levels depend, fundamentally, on the methodology used, which a very varied.This study aims to know the levels of noise from a fan in the incubator itself and how much can isolate the noises coming from the outside.Methods: It was character was the acoustic behavior of several models of incubators. For this purpose, it was measured the incubator’s noise level within an Sound-dampened booth for free-field audiometry. It also used a 4224 pink noise generating source to determine the isolation levels of the incubators and one microphone inside the incubator and another one outside connect to an SVAN958 noise analyzer.Results: The incubators produced continuous equivalent noise levels of between 53.5 dB and 58 dB. The analysis of isolation showed that the level varied from one incubator to another, between 5.2 dB and 10.4 dB. In addition, the isolation level in one-third octave bands varied from one incubator model to another.Conclusions: Preterm infants in an incubator are exposed to noise levels very far from the international recommendations, even if the incubators are meeting the noise criteria set out in the IEC60601-2-19: 2009 standard of 60 dBA under normal use conditions.
Oncogenic alterations reveal key strategies for precision oncology in melanoma treatment
Authors: Sun Wei , Zhao Fang , Hu Tu , Wu Zhiqiang , Xu Yu , Dong Yan , Zheng Biqiang , Wang Chunmeng , Yan Wangjun , Zhu Xiaoli , Wu Jian , McKay Michael J. , Arozarena Imanol , Alos Llucia , Teixido Cristina , Chen Yong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Molecular profiling with next-generation sequencing (NGS) has been applied in multiple solid tumors, including melanomas, to identify potential drug targets. However, the association between clinical outcomes and the molecular alterations has not yet been fully clarified. We have analyzed the genetic alterations of 108 malignant melanoma patients using the OncoCare panel, which covers 559 genes. Combining clinical features with genetic analysis, we found that patients carrying both POLD1/ALOX12B or POLD1/PTPRT mutations had a significantly lower survival rate. A model was also established to predict side effects through a combination analysis of clinical data and somatic variants, yielding an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) score of 0.87. In addition, we also found that patients with the POLE mutation had a significantly worse clinical outcome to chemotherapy, while patients with the SOX9 mutation had a significantly worse response to immunotherapy. Overall, these results demonstrate the benefits of applying NGS clinical panels and shed light on future directions of personalized therapeutics for the treatment of melanoma.
On the development of descriptors in small bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L. var. muricata (Willd.) Chakrav.
Authors: SUMA A , MA Alfia , Joseph K John , Pradheep K , Harish GD , Thirumalaisamy PP , Latha M 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Small bitter gourd ( Momordica charantia L. var. muricata (Willd.) Chakrav.) is an under-utilized vegetable with ethnobotanical and therapeutic values, under domestication interphase. This taxon deserves a distinct crop status, owing to the existence of well-marked distinguishing morphological traits, unique flavour and taste apart from M. charantia var. charantia , wide variability within the taxon, preferential cultivation by the traditional farmers in Indian subcontinent and occurrence of distinct, named landraces. However, presently this crop is facing a threat of genetic erosion, restricting mostly at the homestead level throughout the region. In the present study, seventy-four small bitter gourd collections from across India were assessed for understanding morphological variability and their classification, and further devising key descriptors helpful for effective characterization and utilization. In order to describe it under a distinct taxon level, botanical description is also worked out. Morphological traits such as shape and lobing of leaf, shape and size of fruit, nature of tubercles and ridges, and size, shape and colour of seeds, besides robustness and extended growth period, showed remarkable character differentiation from cultivated bitter gourd. A set of 45 characterization and 35 evaluation descriptors have been developed, out of which 26 each of characterization and evaluation descriptors are categorized under the minimum descriptor list.
Parathyroid hormones in relation to serum cadmium and lead: the NHANES 2003-2006
Authors: Sang Zijiang , Zhang Huan , Ma Wenbiao , Dong Yan , Shi Bo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: The toxic effects of cadmium and lead exposure on parathyroid function have been investigated extensively while the results were conflicting. We aimed to investigate the association of blood cadmium and lead with serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) based on the general population. Methods: We analyzed a sample of 9400 adults aged 18 years or older from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-04 to 2005-06. We estimated the association using multivariable linear regression analysis by taking cadmium and lead as a continuous or quartile variable. Restricted cubic splines were utilized to explore the non-linear relationship between cadmium or lead and PTH.Results: The median blood cadmium and lead levels were 0.34 ug/L and 1.43 ug/dL, respectively. Cadmium was significantly associated with PTH when taken as a continuous variable [Odds ratio (OR): 0.97; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.95-0.99] or a quartile variable (Fourth vs first quartile, OR: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.91-0.97). Lead was significantly associated with PTH when taken as a continuous variable (OR: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.02-1.07) or a quartile variable (Fourth vs first quartile, OR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.01-1.10). P values for non-linearity were all less than 0.05. The association between cadmium and PTH was not significant in females. Conclusions: Cadmium was negatively associated with PTH, and lead was positively associated with PTH both in a non-linear manner among the general population. However, there was a gender difference in the relationship between cadmium and PTH.
Borinane Boosted Bifunctional Organocatalysts for Ultrafast Ring-Opening Polymerization of Cyclic Ethers
Authors: Chen Chao , Gnanou Yves , feng xiaoshuang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The design of reactive species that can either serve to initiate the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of epoxides for the synthesis of high molar mass polyethers or be alternatively used to catalyze the synthesis of polyether telechelics in the presence of chain transfer agents (CTAs) has long been an elusive goal. Here we report the synthesis of a series of bifunctional borinane-based catalysts that enable the living ROP of epoxides with unprecedented activity (TOF ≥ 1.8×105 h− 1) and molar mass up to 106 g/mol under mild conditions. When used along with CTAs to generate low Mn telechelics, the same borinane-based catalysts exhibit ultrahigh productivity even for loading amounts as low as 50 ppb for ethylene oxide polymerization. These newly designed catalysts also afford the polymerization of oxetane with record TOF values and molar masses. DFT computation provides a full understanding of how these bifunctional catalysts operate when used in the ROP of epoxides.
"Medical Core Literacy Online Training Class": A teaching practice developing medical students' global competence
Authors: Shen Sitong , He Yuxi , Wang Shurong , Zhang Yan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Global competence is an essential quality for compound talents. Clinical medicine is an interdisciplinary subject that requires an international perspective. Therefore, it is crucial for developing countries to break the domestic cramming education model and develop medical course that can fully cultivate students' cutting-edge and independent thinking ability. Methods: We undertook a "Medical Core Literacy Online Training Class", and cooperated with internationally renowned universities to train students' core medical literacy and cutting-edge thinking through this course. We chose 80 outstanding senior undergraduate and graduate students to participate in our course. The effectiveness was evaluated by comparing the results of stage tests and questionnaires of these medical students with those who did not participate in our course.Results: The overwhelming majority of students demonstrate that the course cycle arrangement is reasonable, and the course harvest meets or even exceeds their expectations. Our course has generally improved the comprehensive quality of students, especially the improvement of research methods, listening and speaking skills, and pioneering thinking abilities. 79 out of the 80 students have developed initiative to leran new knowledge.Conclusions: "Medical Core Literacy Online Training Class" is beneficial to develop the global competence of medical students and this teaching method is helpful for developing countries to cultivate high-quality medical talents with critical thinking ability.
Vitamin D status in chimpanzees in human care: a Europe wide study
Authors: Moittié Sophie , Jarvis Rachel , Bandelow Stephan , Byrne Sarah , Dobbs Phillipa , Grant Melissa , Reeves Christopher , White Kate , Liptovszky Mátyás , Baiker Kerstin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
While vitamin D deficiency is a public health concern in humans, comparatively little is known about vitamin D levels in non-human primates. Vitamin D plays a crucial role in overall health and its deficiency is associated with a range of disorders, including cardiovascular disease, which is a leading cause of death in great apes. Serum samples (n = 245) from chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) housed at 32 European zoos were measured for 25-hydroxyvitamin D2, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and total 25-hydroxyvitamin D using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Of these samples, 33.1% indicated inadequate vitamin D concentrations, using the human reference interval (< 50 nmol/L). The season of the year, health status of the animal, and the provision of daily outdoor access had a significant effect on vitamin D status. This is the first large-scale study on vitamin D status of non-human great apes in human care. Inadequate vitamin D serum concentrations are widespread in the European zoo chimpanzee population and could be a risk factor for the development of idiopathic myocardial fibrosis, a major cause of mortality in this species, as well as other diseases. A review of husbandry and nutrition practices is recommended to ensure optimal vitamin D supply for these endangered animals.
Predictors of Colorectal Cancer Screening Intention Based on the Integrated Theory of Planned Behavior among the Average-Risk Individuals
Authors: Maheri Mina , Rezapour Baratali , Didarloo Alireza 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to "determine the predictors of colorectal cancer screening intention based on the integrated theory of planned behavior among average -risk individuals in Urmia". Identifying these predictors will help design and implement various interventions, including educational interventions, according to the needs of this group, thereby taking a step towards improving the colorectal cancer screening index.
Methods
The present cross-sectional study was performed on 410 individuals at average risk of colorectal cancer referring to the comprehensive health services centers of Urmia in Iran. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of two parts. The first part captured the demographic information and medical history of the participants. The second part involved questions designed based on constructs of motivational phase of health action process approach, and theory of planned behavior, as well as behavioral intent to perform colorectal cancer screening. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software.
Results
Outcome expectancies, risk perception, action self-efficacy, and normative beliefs, respectively had the largest impact and were significant and positive predictors of colorectal cancer screening intention. The study's conceptual framework explained about 36% of the variance of behavioral intention among the average-risk individuals in Urmia.
Conclusions
Constructs of motivational phase of health action process approach, and theory of planned behavior are valuable and appropriate to identify the factors affecting the intention to perform colorectal cancer screening as well as to design and implement educational interventions in this field. The four constructs of outcome expectancies, risk perception, action self-efficacy, and normative beliefs are suggested to be integrated into all educational interventions designed and implemented to improve the colorectal cancer screening index.