bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing oxygen/moisture resistance of quantum dots by short-chain, densely cross-linked silica glass network
Authors: Yang Xuan , Zhou Shuling , Zhang Xinfeng , Xiang Linyi , Xie Bin , Luo Xiaobing 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) are facing significant photoluminescence degradation in moisture environment. In QDs-silicone composites, the poor water resistance of silicone matrix makes it easy for water and oxygen molecules to erode QDs. To tackle this issue, we proposed a new QDs protection strategy by introducing short-chain silica precursors onto the QDs’ surface, so that a dense silica passivation layer could be formed onto the QDs nanoparticles. Sol-gel method based on 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES), 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane (MPTMS), and 3-mercaptopropyl triethoxysilane (MPTES) were adopted to prepare the uniform and crack-free QDs-silica glass (QD-glass). Because of the crosslinking of short-chain precursors, the formed silica glass possesses 38.6% smaller pore width and 68.6% lower pore volume than silicone, indicating its denser cross-linked network surrounding QDs. After 360 h water immersion, the QDs-glass demonstrated a 6% enhancement in red-light peak intensity, and maintained a stable full width at half maximum (FWHM) and peak wavelength, proving its excellent water-resistant ability. However, the conventional QDs-silicone composites not only showed a decrease of 75.3% in red-light peak intensity, but also a broadened FWHM and a redshifted peak wavelength after water immersion. QDs-glass also showed superior photostability after 132 h exposure to blue light. Red-light peak intensity of QDs-glass remained 87.3% of the initial while that of QDs-silicone decreased to 19.8%. And the intensity of QDs-glass dropped to 62.3% of that under 20 °C after thermal treatment of 160 °C. Besides, under increasing driving currents, the light conversion efficiency drop of QDs-glass is only one fifth that of QDs-silicone. Based on the QDs-glass, the white light-emitting diodes was achieved with a high luminous efficiency of 126.5 lm W−1 and a high color rendering index of 95.4. Thus, the newly proposed QD-glass has great significance in guaranteeing the working reliability of QDs-converted devices against moisture and high-power environment.
Basis and current state of computed tomography perfusion imaging: a review
Authors: Zeng Dong , Zeng Cuidie , Zeng Zhixiong , Li Sui , Deng Zhen , Chen Sijin , Bian Zhaoying , Ma Jianhua 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Computed tomography perfusion (CTP) is a functional imaging that allows for providing capillary-level hemodynamics information of the desired tissue in clinics. In this paper, we aim to offer insight into CTP imaging which covers the basics and current state of CTP imaging, then summarize the technical applications in the CTP imaging as well as the future technological potential. At first, we focus on the fundamentals of CTP imaging including systematically summarized CTP image acquisition and hemodynamic parameter map estimation techniques. A short assessment is presented to outline the clinical applications with CTP imaging, and then a review of radiation dose effect of the CTP imaging on the different applications is presented. We present a categorized methodology review on known and potential solvable challenges of radiation dose reduction in CTP imaging. To evaluate the quality of CTP images, we list various standardized performance metrics. Moreover, we present a review on the determination of infarct and penumbra. Finally, we reveal the popularity and future trend of CTP imaging.
Annealing-dependent changes in the structural and electrical properties of NiO epitaxial films
Authors: Sahu Bhabani Prasad , Yadav Santosh Kumar , Dhar Subhabrata 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
NiO and Ni-cluster-embedded NiO epitaxial films grown on c-sapphire substrates using pulsed laser deposition technique are annealed at different temperatures in an oxygen environment. The structural, morphological, and electrical properties of these samples are investigated as functions of the annealing temperature. It is observed that, in all cases, the sample surface becomes smoother with the increase in annealing temperature. The resistivity of the Ni-cluster-free NiO epilayers is found to decrease with the increase in annealing temperature beyond ∼300 °C. Annealing at 450 °C results in about a two orders of magnitude decrease of resistivity from the highly insulating state of the as-grown. The resistivity shows a gradual increase when annealed at temperatures higher than 450 °C. A reduction of resistivity with annealing can be attributed to the enhancement of the density of Ni vacancies, which are known to act as shallow acceptors in NiO. The formation energy of the Ni vacancies, which has been estimated from the

ln

(

ρ

−
1

)

versus

1

/

T

A

plot, comes out to be 623 meV. The density of 60° dislocations in these films increases sharply when annealed above 500 °C. A reduction of conductivity of films annealed above 500 °C can thus be explained in terms of the enhancement of the rate of scattering of carriers by these defects. The resistivity of the Ni-cluster-embedded highly conducting NiO epilayers is found to increase rapidly by more than several orders of magnitude beyond an annealing temperature of ∼200 °C. This has been ascribed to percolation-driven metal-to-insulator transition arising as a result of the reduction of the cluster density with annealing.
An adaptive friction isolation system for seismic response control of buildings
Authors: Li Yadong , Ozek Hasan , Ozbulut Osman E 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes an adaptive friction isolation system (AFIS) composed of shape memory alloy (SMA) cables and double friction pendulum bearings (FPBs). Double FPBs with different friction coefficients enable two-level response characteristics that are advantageous at frequent and design basis hazard levels, while SMA cables with initial slack provide adaptive response at maximum considered earthquake hazard level. SMA cables are arranged vertically and they limit excessive isolation displacement by providing hardening effects and additional energy dissipation capacity. They also improve the stability of FPBs under severe earthquakes. Based on the experimental response of FPB and SMA cables, a high-fidelity finite element model of AFIS is first established in ABAQUS. Then, to study the effectiveness of the AFIS in controlling seismic response of structures, a simplified model of the AFIS is developed in OpenSees and nonlinear time history analyses of a seven-story steel frame building isolated with AFIS are conducted. The results show that the AFIS can satisfactorily meet displacement demands under frequent and moderate earthquakes, while it effectively reduces the excessive displacement of the building under severe earthquakes. In particular, the AFIS considerably improves the performance of the isolated building under pulse-like near-fault earthquakes.
Channel switch based on the transformation of two kinds of topological edge states
Authors: Gong Ping , Fang Yun-Tuan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we have constructed a compound triangular lattice in which the optical quantum spin Hall effects and quantum valley Hall effects can simultaneously occur. Through the rotation of the dielectric rods in the lattice, two complete photonic band gaps with nontrivial topology can be created, one of which is due to the band inversion associated with the pseudospin degree of freedom at

Γ

point in the first Brillouin zone (BZ) and the other due to the gapping out of Dirac cones associated with the valley degree of freedom at K point in the first BZ. The transformation between the two kinds of topological edge states can be also achieved through the rotation of the dielectric rods. A four-channel structure model is proposed to demonstrate the transformation and to achieve the channel switch of the topological edge states.
Gaussian soft control for controlled-Z gate on superconducting qubits with unilateral external driving
Authors: Zhu Qianyu , Lü Cheng , Wu Jin-Lei , Li Yan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Soft quantum control is a valid technique for highly selective interactions recently illustrated in Haase et al (2018 Phys. Rev. Lett.
121 050402), holding efficient resonant couplings among target levels while largely suppressing unwanted off-resonant contributions. Here we present a model for implementing a controlled-Z (CZ) gate in superconducting circuit quantum electrodynamics (QED) with two qubits being coupled to a microwave cavity. An external classical field that drives only one qubit, combined with the strong single-mode quantized cavity field dressing both qubits, is employed to induce the CZ gate between two qubits, and is also further tailored as a Gaussian soft control (GSC) to improve gate performances in various aspects. By contrast, we show that, with the same gate time, the CZ gate based on GSC can hold a higher fidelity, greater resilience to parameter errors, and stronger robustness against decoherence of system than that based on a rectangular pulse.
Remotely preparing optical Schrödinger cat states via homodyne detection in nondegenerate triple-photon spontaneous downconversion
Authors: Wei Miaomiao , Tan Huatang , He Qiongyi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Optical downconversion is a key resource for generating nonclassical states. Very recently, direct nondegenerate triple-photon spontaneous downconversion (NTPSD) with bright photon triplets and strong third-order correlations has been demonstrated in a superconducting device (2020 Phys. Rev. X 10 011011). Besides, linear and nonlinear tripartite entanglement in this process have also been predicted (2018 Phys. Rev. Lett. 120 043601; 2020 Phys. Rev. Lett.
125 020502). In this paper, we consider the generation of nonclassical optical quantum superpositions and investigate nonlinear quantum steering effects in NTPSD. We find that large-size Schrödinger cat states of one downconverted mode can be achieved when the other two modes are subjected to homodyne detection. Also, a two-photon Bell entangled state can be generated when only one mode is homodyned. We further reveal that such ability of remote state steering originates from nonlinear quantum steerable correlations among the triplets. This is specifically embodied by the seeming violation of the Heisenberg uncertainty relation for the inferred variances of two noncommutating higher-order quadratures of downconverted modes, based on the outcomes of homodyne detection on the other mode, i.e., nonlinear quantum steering, compared to original Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen steering. Our results demonstrate non-Gaussian nonclassical features in NTPSD and would be useful for the fundamental tests of quantum physics and implementations of optical quantum technologies.
Hongqu Rice Wines Ameliorate High-Fat/High-Fructose Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Rats
Authors: Zhang Nanhai , Kong Fang , Jing Xiaoxuan , Zhou Jingxuan , Zhao Liang , Soliman Mohamed Mohamed , Zhang Liebing , Zhou Feng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Aim
This study evaluated the possible protective impact of different vintages of Hongqu rice wines on metabolic syndrome (MetS) in rats induced by high-fat/high-fructose diet (HFFD).

Methods
Rats were randomly divided into six groups and treated with (a) basal diet (13.9 kJ/g); (b) HFFD (20.0% w/w lard and 18.0% fructose, 18.9 kJ/g) and (c–f) HFFD with 3-, 5-, 8- and 15-year-aged Hongqu rice wines (9.96 ml/kg body weight), respectively, at an oral route for 20 weeks.

Results
Hongqu rice wines could alleviate HFFD-induced augment of body weight gain and fat accumulation, and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Glycolipid metabolic abnormalities caused by HFFD were ameliorated after Hongqu rice wines consumption by lowering levels of fasting insulin, GSP, HOMA-IR, AUC of OGTT and ITT, and lipid deposition (reduced contents of TG, TC, FFA and LDL-C, and elevated HDL-C level) in the serum and liver, probably via regulating expressions of genes involving in IRS1/PI3K/AKT pathway, LDL-C uptake, fatty acid β-oxidation, and lipolysis, export and synthesis of TG. In addition, concentrations of MDA and blood pressure markers (ANG-II and ET-1) declined, and activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT) were improved in conditions of Hongqu rice wines compared to those in the HFFD group. Eight-year-aged Hongqu rice wine produced a more effective effect on alleviating HFFD-caused MetS among different vintages of Hongqu rice wines.

Conclusion
To sum up, Hongqu rice wines exhibited ameliorative effects on HFFD-induced MetS in rats based on antiobesity, antihyperlipidemic, antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and potential antihypertensive properties.
Tau–FG-nucleoporin98 interaction and impaired nucleocytoplasmic transport in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Nag Niharika , Tripathi Timir 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAn emerging pathophysiology associated with the neurodegenerative Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the impairment of nucleocytoplasmic transport (NCT). The impairment can originate from damage to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) or other factors involved in NCT. The phenylalanine-glycine nucleoporins (FG-Nups) form a crucial component of the NPC, which is central to NCT. Recent discoveries have highlighted that the neuropathological protein tau is involved in direct interactions with the FG-Nups and impairment of the NCT process. Targeting such interactions may lead to the identification of novel interaction inhibitors and offer new therapeutic alternatives for the treatment of AD. This review highlights recent findings associated with impaired NCT in AD and the interaction between tau and the FG-Nups.
Digital PCR and its applications in noninvasive prenatal testing
Authors: Li Yue-qi , Tan Gong-jun , Zhou Yu-qiu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In the past decade, digital PCR (dPCR), as a new nucleic acid absolute quantification technology, has been widely used in clinical research. dPCR does not rely on the standard curve and has a higher tolerance to inhibitors. Therefore, it is more accurate than quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) for the absolute quantification of target sequences. In this article, we aim to review the application of dPCR in noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT). We focused on the progress of dPCR in screening and identifying fetal chromosome aneuploidies and monogenic mutations. We introduced some common strategies for dPCR in NIPT and analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of different methods. In addition, we compared dPCR with qPCR and next-generation sequencing, respectively, and described their superiority and shortcomings in clinical applications. Finally, we envisaged what the future of dPCR might be in NIPT. Although dPCR can provide reproducible results with improved accuracy due to the digital detection system, it is essential to combine the merits of dPCR and other molecular techniques to achieve more effective and accurate prenatal diagnostic strategies.
Subtyping and grading of lower-grade gliomas using integrated feature selection and support vector machine
Authors: Munquad Sana , Si Tapas , Mallik Saurav , Li Aimin , Das Asim Bikas 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Classifying lower-grade gliomas (LGGs) is a crucial step for accurate therapeutic intervention. The histopathological classification of various subtypes of LGG, including astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma and oligoastrocytoma, suffers from intraobserver and interobserver variability leading to inaccurate classification and greater risk to patient health. We designed an efficient machine learning-based classification framework to diagnose LGG subtypes and grades using transcriptome data. First, we developed an integrated feature selection method based on correlation and support vector machine (SVM) recursive feature elimination. Then, implementation of the SVM classifier achieved superior accuracy compared with other machine learning frameworks. Most importantly, we found that the accuracy of subtype classification is always high (&gt;90%) in a specific grade rather than in mixed grade (~80%) cancer. Differential co-expression analysis revealed higher heterogeneity in mixed grade cancer, resulting in reduced prediction accuracy. Our findings suggest that it is necessary to identify cancer grades and subtypes to attain a higher classification accuracy. Our six-class classification model efficiently predicts the grades and subtypes with an average accuracy of 91% (±0.02). Furthermore, we identify several predictive biomarkers using co-expression, gene set enrichment and survival analysis, indicating our framework is biologically interpretable and can potentially support the clinician.
DiNAMIC.Duo: detecting somatic DNA copy number differences without a normal reference
Authors: Walter Vonn , Choi Hyo Young , Zhao Xiaobei , Gao Yan , Holt Jeremiah , Hayes D Neil 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMotivationSomatic DNA copy number alterations (CNAs) arise in tumor tissue because of underlying genomic instability. Recurrent CNAs that occur in the same genomic region across multiple independent samples are of interest to researchers because they may contain genes that contribute to the cancer phenotype. However, differences in copy number states between cancers are also commonly of interest, for example when comparing tumors with distinct morphologies in the same anatomic location. Current methodologies are limited by their inability to perform direct comparisons of CNAs between tumor cohorts, and thus they cannot formally assess the statistical significance of observed copy number differences or identify regions of the genome where these differences occur.ResultsWe introduce the DiNAMIC.Duo R package that can be used to identify recurrent CNAs in a single cohort or recurrent copy number differences between two cohorts, including when neither cohort is copy neutral. The package utilizes Python scripts for computational efficiency and provides functionality for producing figures and summary output files.Availability and implementationThe DiNAMIC.Duo R package is available from CRAN at https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/DiNAMIC.Duo/index.html. This article uses publicly available data from the Broad Institute TCGA Genome Data Analysis Center, https://doi.org/10.7908/C11G0KM9.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
A Phase 2, Randomized, Multicenter, Placebo-Controlled, Proof-of-Concept Trial of Oral Fexinidazole in Adults With Chronic Indeterminate Chagas Disease
Authors: Torrico Faustino , Gascón Joaquim , Ortiz Lourdes , Pinto Jimy , Rojas Gimena , Palacios Alejandro , Barreira Fabiana , Blum Bethania , Schijman Alejandro Gabriel , Vaillant Michel , Strub-Wourgaft Nathalie , Pinazo Maria-Jesus , Bilbe Graeme , Ribeiro Isabela 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Chagas disease (CD) has significant global health impact, but safe, effective treatments remain elusive. The nitroimidazole fexinidazole is a potential treatment.

Methods
This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, dose-finding, proof-of-concept study was conducted in Bolivia. Adults with serologically confirmed chronic indeterminate CD and positive PCR were randomly assigned to 1 of 6 fexinidazole regimens (1200 or 1800 mg/day for 2, 4, or 8 weeks) or placebo. Target recruitment was 20 patients/arm. The primary endpoint was sustained parasitological clearance by serial negative qPCR from end of treatment (EOT) until 6 months follow-up in the intention-to-treat (ITT) population. Follow-up was extended to 12 months.

Results
Enrollment was interrupted after 4/47 patients presented with transient asymptomatic grade 3 and 4 neutropenia. Treatment of ongoing patients was stopped in all patients administered &gt;2 weeks. A total of 40 patients received treatment with fexinidazole from 3 days to 8 weeks. Delayed-onset neutropenia (n = 8) and increased liver enzymes (n = 8) were found in fexinidazole patients vs none in the placebo arm. In the ITT analysis, sustained parasitological clearance from EOT to 12 months follow-up varied between 66.7% (1200 mg–2 week) and 100.0% (1800 mg–2 week). Rapid, sustained clearance of parasitemia was observed in all treated patients with available data, but not in any patients in the placebo group, at 12 months (P = .0056). Further exploratory exposure-response analysis suggested low dosages of fexinidazole may be safe and effective.

Conclusions
Further evaluation is needed to establish fexinidazole’s minimum effective dosage and risk–benefit relationship. Results suggest potential for effective treatment regimens &lt;10 days.

Clinical Trials Registration
NCT02498782.
Measuring Work-related Risk of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Comparison of COVID-19 Incidence by Occupation and Industry—Wisconsin, September 2020 to May 2021
Authors: Pray Ian W , Grajewski Barbara , Morris Collin , Modji Komi , DeJonge Peter , McCoy Katherine , Tomasallo Carrie , DeSalvo Traci , Westergaard Ryan P , Meiman Jonathan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Work-related exposures play an important role in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission, yet few studies have compared SARS-CoV-2 expsoure risk across occupations and industries.

Methods
During September 2020 to May 2021, the Wisconsin Department of Health Services collected occupation and industry data as part of routine coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) case investigations. Adults aged 18–64 years with confirmed or probable COVID-19 in Wisconsin were assigned standardized occupation and industry codes. Cumulative incidence rates were weighted for non-response and calculated using full-time equivalent (FTE) workforce denominators from the 2020 American Community Survey.

Results
An estimated 11.6% of workers (347 013 of 2.98 million) in Wisconsin, ages 18–64 years, had COVID-19 from September 2020 to May 2021. The highest incidence by occupation (per 100 FTE) occurred among personal care and services workers (22.1), healthcare practitioners and support staff (20.7), and protective services workers (20.7). High-risk sub-groups included nursing assistants and personal care aides (28.8), childcare workers (25.8), food and beverage service workers (25.3), personal appearance workers (24.4), and law enforcement workers (24.1). By industry, incidence was highest in healthcare (18.6); the highest risk sub-sectors were nursing care facilities (30.5) and warehousing (28.5).

Conclusions
This analysis represents one of the most complete examinations to date of COVID-19 incidence by occupation and industry. Our approach demonstrates the value of standardized occupational data collection by public health and may be a model for improved occupational surveillance elsewhere. Workers at higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 exposure may benefit from targeted workplace COVID-19 vaccination and mitigation efforts.