bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disjunction in the subjective and objective measurement of co-occurring depression in borderline personality disorder – Implications for diagnosis
Authors: Cheney Lukas , Broadbear Jillian H , Rao Sathya 
Published: February 2022

Objective Research and clinical experience suggest that people with borderline personality disorder (BPD) are more likely to report greater severity of depressive symptoms than is objectively measured by their clinician. The prominence of low mood in association with BPD can result in the treatment of depressive symptoms being prioritised over the diagnosis and treatment of BPD. Method This study investigated the utility of validated clinician-administered and self-report depression rating scales during psychiatric assessment of 49 clients diagnosed with BPD. Results Considerable discrepancies emerged between client and clinician ratings of depression, with client-rated scales generating significantly higher depression scores. Both client-rated and clinician-rated depression scores were positively influenced by the severity of BPD symptoms. Conclusions These findings raise questions about the interpretation of rating scales in clinical decision-making and highlight inherent uncertainty when diagnosing major depressive disorder in people who have borderline personality disorder. The accurate diagnosis of low mood has significant implications for the treatment and management of both disorders.
Polymorphisms in CYP1B1 gene and the risk of suffering Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Calero-Dueñas Noelia , Mateos-Olivares Milagros , Ussa Fernando , Juberías José R. , Marcos Miguel , Pastor-Idoate Salvador , Usategui-Martín Ricardo 
Published: February 2022

Purpose It had been reported that mutations in CYP1B1 gene probably play an important role in the pathogenesis of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) but the existing genetic association studies show contradictory results. Thus, the objective of our study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to characterize more precisely the potential association between given polymorphisms in CYP1B1 gene and the risk of suffering POAG. Methods A systematic review of studies that related the risk of carrying CYP1B1 gene polymorphisms with POAG development was conducted. We selected 19 case-control studies including 3855 POAG patients and 4125 control subjects in our meta-analyses. A random effects model was used. Sensitivity analysis and assessment of bias were also included. Results The prevalence of CYP1B1 gene polymorphisms were significantly more frequent among POAG patients compared to all controls (OR = 2.91, 95% CI = 1.37 – 6.21; P = 0.006). Moreover, their prevalence was significantly higher in juvenile-onset patients than in adult-onset ones (OR = 2.27, 95% CI = 1.20–4.28; P = 0.001). Conclusion The results of this meta-analysis uphold that being a carrier of polymorphic genetic variants in CYP1B1 gene would increase the risk of POAG, especially the juvenile onset.
Secondary Intention Healing Over Exposed Bone on the Scalp, Forehead, and Temple Following Mohs Micrographic Surgery
Authors: Wong Noelle , Zloty David 
Published: February 2022

Background Removal of skin cancers on the scalp, forehead, and temple can result in surgical defects with exposed bone. In such cases, reconstruction becomes challenging due to limited vascularity for flap or graft repair. Objective Demonstrate the usefulness of secondary intention healing of scalp, forehead, and temple defects over exposed bone. Methods/Materials A retrospective case series of 41 patients who had Mohs Micrographic Surgery with post-surgical scalp, forehead, or temple defects involving exposed bone. These patients then underwent secondary intention healing. Results 90% of patients successfully healed. Average time to complete granulation was 92 days, and average time to full re-epithelialization was 186 days. Visual analog scale assessment of final scar quality resulted in 57% being good, 35% being fair, and 8% being poor. No patient had infection or other serious complication. Mean follow-up duration was 272 days. Conclusion This case series shows the viability of secondary intention healing of scalp wounds over exposed bone. Study power was not adequate to predict time to complete healing based on defect size, or allow association of patient factors with the risk of nonhealing. Managing patient expectations, and emphasizing the importance of early occlusive wound care is paramount for healing success.
Certolizumab Pegol Use in the Treatment of Moderate-to-Severe Psoriasis: Real-World Data From Two Canadian Centers
Authors: Vender Ronald B. , Lynde Charles W. 
Published: February 2022

Background Certolizumab pegol (CZP) is a TNF-ɑ inhibitor used to treat moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis (PsO) in adult patients, including women of childbearing potential (WOCBP) and patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). There are currently limited real-world data on CZP for treatment of PsO. Objectives To examine the use of CZP for treatment of PsO in clinical practice at two dermatology clinics in Canada. Methods We conducted a retrospective chart analysis of 59 patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis receiving CZP. Clinical efficacy was measured using the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), Body Surface Area (BSA), and Physician Global Assessment (PGA). Drug survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier plots. Results Of the 59 patients, 36 (61%) were female, of whom 23 (63.9%) were WOCBP. Twenty-three (39.0%) patients received CZP as their first biologic treatment. The main reasons for choosing CZP were its efficacy in both PsO and PsA, and for WOCBP due to little or no cross-placental transfer. Improvement of symptoms was observed after 3 months of treatment and was maintained for the 12-month analysis period. After 12 months of treatment, the patients’ mean PASI score decreased from 13.0 (±5.8) at baseline to 2.3 (±4.3), mean BSA score from 13.1% (±6.7%) to 1.7% (±2.6%), and mean PGA score from 3.0 (±0.6) to 0.8 (±0.6). Overall CZP drug survival rate was 76.3% at 12 months, with no difference between biologic-naive and biologic-experienced patients. Conclusions CZP was effective and well tolerated in this cohort of patients with moderate-to-severe PsO in a real-world setting.
VolumetricOR: A New Approach to Simulate Surgical Interventions in Virtual Reality for Training and Education
Authors: Queisner Moritz , Pogorzhelskiy Michael , Remde Christopher , Pratschke Johann , Sauer Igor M. 
Published: February 2022

Background Surgical training is primarily carried out through observation during assistance or on-site classes, by watching videos as well as by different formats of simulation. The simulation of physical presence in the operating theatre in virtual reality might complement these necessary experiences. A prerequisite is a new education concept for virtual classes that communicates the unique workflows and decision-making paths of surgical health professions (i.e. surgeons, anesthesiologists and surgical assistants) in an authentic and immersive way. For this project, media scientists, designers and surgeons worked together to develop the foundations for new ways of conveying knowledge using virtual reality in surgery. Materials and method A technical workflow to record and present volumetric videos of surgical interventions in a photorealistic virtual operating room was developed. Situated in the virtual reality demonstrator called VolumetricOR, users can experience and navigate through surgical workflows as if they are physically present. The concept is compared with traditional video-based formats of digital simulation in surgical training. Results VolumetricOR let trainees experience surgical action and workflows (a) three-dimensionally, (b) from any perspective and (c) in real scale. This improves the linking of theoretical expertise and practical application of knowledge and shifts the learning experience from observation to participation. Discussion Volumetric training environments allow trainees to acquire procedural knowledge before going to the operating room and could improve the efficiency and quality of the learning and training process for professional staff by communicating techniques and workflows when the possibilities of training on-site are limited.
Regional and national differences in stroke thrombolysis use and disparities in pricing, treatment availability, and coverage
Authors: de Souza Ana Claudia , Sebastian Ivy Anne , Zaidi Wan Asyraf Wan , Nasreldein Ahmed , Bazadona Danira , Amaya Pablo , Elkady Ahmed , Gebrewold Meron Awraris , Vorasayan Pongpat , Yeghiazaryan Nune , Michel Patrik , Khatri Pooja , Pandian Jeyaraj Durai , Martins Sheila Cristina Ouriques , Hacke Werner , Lioutas Vasileios-Arsenios 
Published: February 2022

Background: Major disparities have been reported in recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) availability among countries of different socioeconomic status. Aims: To characterize variability of rtPA price, its availability, and its association with and impact on each country’s health expenditure (HE) resources. Methods: We conducted a global survey to obtain information on rtPA price (50 mg vial, 2020 US Dollars) and availability. Country-specific data, including low, lower middle (LMIC), upper middle (UMIC), and high-income country (HIC) classifications, and gross domestic product (GDP) and HE, both nominally and adjusted for purchasing power parity (PPP), were obtained from World Bank Open Data. To assess the impact of rtPA cost, we computed the rtPA price as percentage of per capita GDP and HE and examined its association with the country income classification. Results: rtPA is approved and available in 109 countries. We received surveys from 59 countries: 27 (46%) HIC, 20 (34%) UMIC, and 12 (20%) LMIC. Although HIC have significantly higher per capita GDP and HE compared to UMIC and LMIC (p < 0.0001), the median price of rtPA is non-significantly higher in LMICs (USD 755, interquartile range, IQR (575–1300)) compared to UMICs (USD 544, IQR (400–815)) and HICs (USD 600, IQR (526–1000)). In LMIC, rtPA cost accounts for 217.4% (IQR, 27.1–340.6%) of PPP-adjusted per capita HE, compared to 17.6% (IQR (11.2–28.7%), p < 0.0001) for HICs. Conclusion: We documented significant variability in rtPA availability and price among countries. Relative costs are higher in lower income countries, exceeding the available HE. Concerted efforts to improve rtPA affordability in low-income settings are necessary.
Pharyngeal electrical stimulation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a pilot study
Authors: Herrmann Christine , Schradt Falk , Lindner-Pfleghar Beate , Schuster Joachim , Ludolph Albert C. , Dorst Johannes 
Published: February 2022

Background: Patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) suffer from dysphagia that increases the risk for aspiration, pneumonia and weight loss. Pharyngeal electrical stimulation (PES) is a therapeutic technique that applies electric stimuli to the patient’s pharynx in order to improve swallowing based on the principle of cortical plasticity and reorganization. Previous studies have demonstrated positive effects in patients with various neurological diseases. Objective: This study was initiated to investigate the effect of PES on swallowing function in patients with ALS. Methods: In all, 20 ALS patients with severe dysphagia [characterized by a Penetration Aspiration Scale (PAS) of at least 4 in thin liquid] were randomized to receive either PES for 10 min at 3 consecutive days in addition to Standard Logopaedic Therapy (SLT) or SLT alone. Swallowing function was evaluated by Fiberoptic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES) at five timepoints: at baseline, 1 day, 4 days, 3 weeks and 3 months after treatment. Primary endpoint was the severity of penetrations or aspirations as classified by PAS. Secondary endpoints were adverse events, dysphagia-related quality of life, Swallowing Quality of Life (SWAL-QOL), Dysphagia Severity Rating Scale (DSRS), residues, leaking, ALS Functional Rating Scale Revised (ALSFRS-R), and the performance in Clinical Evaluation of Swallowing (CES). The trial is registered under the name of ‘Pharyngeal Electrical Stimulation in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis’ with ClinialTrials.gov, number NCT03481348 ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03481348 ). Results: Both groups combined showed a significant improvement ( p = 0.003) of median Total-PAS from 3.6 [interquartile range (IQR) = 2.9–5.0] at baseline to 2.3 (IQR = 1.8–4.0) 1 day after treatment. During subsequent study visits, PAS increased again but remained below baseline. PES and control group did not differ significantly 1 day after intervention ( p = 0.32). Similar effects were found in the majority of secondary endpoints. Interpretation: The findings suggest that PES may not provide an additional positive effect on swallowing function in ALS. SLT seems to yield at least short-term positive effects on swallowing function and swallowing-specific life quality in ALS. Registration: ClinialTrials.gov: NCT03481348
Photosynthetic Enhancement, Lifespan Extension, and Leaf Area Enlargement in Flag Leaves Increased the Yield of Transgenic Rice Plants Overproducing Rubisco Under Sufficient N Fertilization
Authors: Tanaka Marin , Keira Mamoru , Yoon Dong-Kyung , Mae Tadahiko , Ishida Hiroyuki , Makino Amane , Ishiyama Keiki 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Improvement in photosynthesis is one of the most promising approaches to increase grain yields. Transgenic rice plants overproducing Rubisco by 30% (RBCS-sense rice plants) showed up to 28% increase in grain yields under sufficient nitrogen (N) fertilization using an isolated experimental paddy field (Yoon et al. in Nat Food 1:134–139, 2020). The plant N contents above-ground sections and Rubisco contents of the flag leaves were higher in the RBCS-sense plants than in the wild-type rice plants during the ripening period, which may be reasons for the increased yields. However, some imprecise points were left in the previous research, such as contributions of photosynthesis of leaves below the flag leaves to the yield, and maintenance duration of high photosynthesis of RBCS-sense rice plants during ripening periods.

Result
In this research, the photosynthetic capacity and canopy architecture were analyzed to explore factors for the increased yields of RBCS-sense rice plants. It was found that N had already been preferentially distributed into the flag leaves at the early ripening stage, contributing to maintaining higher Rubisco content levels in the enlarged flag leaves and extending the lifespan of the flag leaves of RBCS-sense rice plants throughout ripening periods under sufficient N fertilization. The higher amounts of Rubisco also improved the photosynthetic activity in the flag leaves throughout the ripening period. Although the enlarged flag leaves of the RBCS-sense rice plants occupied large spatial areas of the uppermost layer in the canopy, no significant prevention of light penetration to leaves below the flag leaves was observed. Additionally, since the CO2 assimilation rates of lower leaves between wild-type and RBCS-sense rice plants were the same at the early ripening stage, the lower leaves did not contribute to an increase in yields of the RBCS-sense rice plants.

Conclusion
We concluded that improvements in the photosynthetic capacity by higher leaf N and Rubisco contents, enlarged leaf area and extended lifespan of flag leaves led to an increase in grain yields of RBCS-sense rice plants grown under sufficient N fertilization.
Pelvic lipomatosis presenting with chronic vasitis: a case report
Authors: Natarajan Sridharan , Pattnaik Soumya Shivasis , Viswaroop S. Bobby , Gopalakrishnan Ganesh 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundVasitis is a rare condition and has not been reported in the literature in association with pelvic lipomatosis.Case presentation25-year-old young male presented with bilateral scrotal pain. He was found to have bilateral thickened and tender vas. On further evaluation, he was diagnosed with pelvic lipomatosis and dilated vas up to ejaculatory duct. He was treated with anti-inflammatory medication and is on close follow-up to look for further symptoms related to other luminal compressive pathologies that are known to occur with pelvic lipomatosis.ConclusionIn patients with pelvic lipomatosis, careful examination of genitalia is necessary to look for other compressive findings including vasal obstruction and vasitis.
Registration and primary outcome reporting in behavioral health trials
Authors: Taylor Nicholas J. , Gorman Dennis M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Registration of research studies is designed to lock investigators into a data collection and analysis plan before a study starts and thereby limit their ability to engage in flexible data analysis and selective outcome reporting. Studies of registered clinical trials show that one- to two-thirds are registered after the study has started and that non-adherence to important design and analytic features, such as reporting data pertaining to all primary outcomes, remains high. Less is known about the effects of registration on research transparency and integrity outside of clinical trials. To address this gap in knowledge, the current study examined the effects of registration on the reporting of research findings in a sample of behavioral health trials published in BMC Public Health.

Methods
Registered trials published in the BMC Public Health section “Health Behavior, Health Promotion and Society” between 2011 and 2015 were included in the study. For each trial, we reviewed associated online submissions from 13 different registration sites. For those determined to have been prospectively registered, we used the trial registry, MEDLINE (Pubmed), PsychINFO, Web of Science and e-mails to investigators to identify subsequent publications from the study that reported results pertaining to primary outcomes. The two investigators then independently reviewed the outcome publication(s) and compared the primary outcomes reported in these to the registered primary outcomes.

Results
The final analytic sample comprised 136 locatable, registered trials with an identifiable start date. Sixty-eight of the 136 were prospectively registered. Among these prospectively registered trials, only 16 published manuscripts reported outcomes and methods that were concordant with their registrations.

Conclusions
Retrospective submission of protocols for publication and retrospective registration remain common in public health research, and adherence to prespecified outcomes is rare. In its current form, registration of behavioral and health promotion trials is likely to have minimal effect on preventing selective outcome reporting in publications, and the pervasiveness of vague and incomplete registry entries means that registries will have limited utility in terms of facilitating replication studies.
Statistical methods for evaluating the fine needle aspiration cytology procedure in breast cancer diagnosis
Authors: El Chamieh Carolla , Vielh Philippe , Chevret Sylvie 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Statistical issues present while evaluating a diagnostic procedure for breast cancer are non rare but often ignored, leading to biased results. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the fine needle aspiration cytology(FNAC), a minimally invasive and rapid technique potentially used as a rule-in or rule-out test, handling its statistical issues: suspect test results and verification bias.

Methods
We applied different statistical methods to handle suspect results by defining conditional estimates. When considering a partial verification bias, Begg and Greenes method and multivariate imputation by chained equations were applied, however, and a Bayesian approach with respect to each gold standard was used when considering a differential verification bias. At last, we extended the Begg and Greenes method to be applied conditionally on the suspect results.

Results
The specificity of the FNAC test above 94%, was always higher than its sensitivity regardless of the proposed method. All positive likelihood ratios were higher than 10, with variations among methods. The positive and negative yields were high, defining precise discriminating properties of the test.

Conclusion
The FNAC test is more likely to be used as a rule-in test for diagnosing breast cancer. Our results contributed in advancing our knowledge regarding the performance of FNAC test and the methods to be applied for its evaluation.
Psychosocial aspects and support networks associated with disability in two longevous populations in Brazil: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Nóbrega Júlia Cristina Leite , Medeiros Juliana Barbosa , da Silva Freitas Javanna Lacerda Gomes , Silva Jaíza M. M. , Simões Raisa Fernandes Mariz , Olinda Ricardo , de Ferreira Santos Jair Lício , Menezes Tarciana Nobre , de Oliveira Duarte Yeda Aparecida , Zatz Mayana , Matheson David , Santos Silvana 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Among the oldest old, aged 80 years and over, the prevalence of disability is higher than in other age groups and can be considered a predictor of mortality.

Objective
To evaluate how psychosocial aspects and support networks influence the disability of these oldest-old individuals, performing a comparison between two longevous populations, one living in one of the poorest regions of Brazil, in the backlands of Paraíba, and another living in one of the largest urban centres in Latin America.

Method
A cross-sectional study in which 417 oldest-old persons aged 80 years and older were interviewed, with data collected through the “Health, Welfare and Ageing” survey conducted in two Brazilian cities. Disability was assessed by reporting the need for assistance in Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs). Bivariate and multiple analyses were performed using R statistical software.

Results
Food insufficiency in the first years of life had negative repercussions on the disability of oldest old people living in the northeast. On the other hand, in this region, older people have a higher rate of support and live longer with their peers, which may contribute to reducing feelings of loneliness, depressive symptoms, and worse self-perception of health. In the Southeast, financial constraints, subjective poverty, and unmet needs may favour the development of functional limitations between long-lived people.

Conclusion
Our findings indicate that regional differences in Brazil may influence the disability of older people aged 80 and older. In northeast Brazil, having no partner may contribute to disability for ADLs and IADLs; while, in the longevous population of São Paulo, having a worse self-rated health may contribute to disability for IADLs.