bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A DFT Approach to the adsorption of the Levodopa anti- neurodegenerative drug on pristine and Al-doped boron nitride nanotubes as a drug delivery vehicle
Authors: Shadi Melina , Hamedani Shahla 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The adsorption behavior of the anti-neurodegenerative drug levodopa (LD) on pristine and aluminum-doped (Al-doped) boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) has been investigated in the current study using the DFT approach at the B3LYP/6-31G** level of theory. The aim was to improve and expand boron nitride nanotubes drug carriers used in biomedical systems, i.e. drug delivery systems. The binding qualities of pure and doped BNNT complexes as adsorbents with LD were explored using Natural Bond Orbitals (NBO) analysis, Density of State (DOS), electrical and structural characteristics, and Atoms in Molecules (AIM) properties. Due to doping heteroatoms in the adsorbent's molecular structure, the obtained data reveal a gradual shift in LD adsorption, with a significant rise in negative adsorption energy values. The electronic perturbation caused by doped atoms, particularly Al, improves boron nitride nanotube sensitivity to adsorbed levodopa, and the electronic properties of the nanotubes are altered following levodopa adsorption in the complex. As the frontier molecular orbital distributions were transferred from LD to BNNT in the complex of LD-BNNT, it was also shown that LD drugs could be loaded on pristine and Al-doped BNNTs while remaining safe from interactions with other substances. Furthermore, AIM-based investigations revealed that O–Al interaction in LD adsorbed on Al-doped boron nitride nanotube and O–N interaction in the LD-BNNT complex are partially covalent. Finally, the findings showed that pristine and Al-doped BNNTs could be used in drug delivery processes by controlling the loaded LD contribution to future interactions.
Aberrant effects on solar absorbance enhancement with the inclusion of dielectric coated plasmonic Cu-NP within hybrid organic-inorganic halide perovskite solar cell
Authors: Sahai Shreya , Varshney Anshu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this paper we study the anomalous effects on solar absorbance with the insertion of dielectric coated plasmonic metal nanoparticle within hybrid organic-inorganic halide perovskite solar cell. It has been observed that the insertion of the metal@dielectric core-shell nanoparticles in the active layers of thin film organic solar cells enhance their conversion efficiency. The metal core increases the optical absorption, subsequently the conversion efficiency of thin film organic solar cells due to Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) based field enhancement effect, the dielectric shell plays a key role to keep the metal core inaccessible so that it cannot offer recombination centre of the light-induced excitons. A comparative study conducted between the incorporated Au@SiO2, Ag@SiO2, and Cu@SiO2, to validate the utilisation of coreshell copper nanoparticles for designing Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with enhanced light trapping ability. The simulation results based on finite difference time domain shows the absorbance enhancement depends on the refractive index and the depth of the dielectric coating. The dielectric layer with high refractive index demonstrates the steady change in enhancement than the low refractive index dielectric layer with the variation in the depth of the shell. These unusual effects expand our knowledge on plasmonic PSCs and thus open the doors for its optimised design with enhanced light trapping ability. On comparison with different available core metals it is being observed that the copper@dielectric offers better chemical and thermal stability with increased absorption. It further lowers down the production costs of these designs, enabling them to be utilized even within the underdeveloped countries.
Comprehensive analysis of the associations of LOXL1-4 with prognosis and immune infiltration in breast cancer
Authors: Lin Jiediao , Lin Yun , Huang Peizhi , He Lifang , Pan Hongchao 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective: Invasive breast carcinoma (BRCA) is the most common cancer in women, and the prognosis of BRCA patients is poor. Lysine oxidase-like (LOXL) family genes have been demonstrated to be dysregulated in some malignancies and play crucial roles in tumor progression. However, the exact expression patterns and prognostic value of LOXL1-4 in BRCA remain unclear.Methods: Here, we investigated the expression levels, genetic variation, gene–gene interaction network, and prognostic value of LOXL1-4 in patients with BRCA using R and existing public bioinformatics databases. Gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were performed to explore biological functions via DAVID 6.8 and R. Moreover, GDSC and CTRP drug sensitivity data were analyzed to reveal that LOXL1-4 were correlated with the drug response across cancers. The relationship between LOXL1-4 expression and tumor immune infiltration was studied in the TIMER database.Results: The results revealed that LOXL1/2/4 were aberrantly expressed in BRCA. Moreover, LOXL1/2/4 expression was significantly associated with relapse-free survival (RFS), and LOXL4 expression was significantly associated with overall survival (OS). LOXL2 expression was associated with distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS). Immune score analysis showed that LOXL1-4 were significantly related to the tumor immune microenvironment and markedly correlated with immune cell infiltration. Further analysis demonstrated that copy number variations (CNVs) of LOXL1-4 were obviously associated with immune infiltration in BRCA and that CNV of LOXL2 was markedly associated with the OS and PFS of patients with BRCA.Conclusion: Our study reveals that LOXL1-4 expression is correlated with prognosis and immune infiltration levels, possibly providing new insights into immunotherapy for patients with breast cancer.
Pairwise comparative analysis of six haplotype assembly methods based on users’ experience
Authors: Sun Shuying , Cheng Flora , Han Daphne , Wei Sarah , Zhong Alice , Massoudian Sherwin , Johnson Alison Bertie 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background. A haplotype is a set of DNA variants inherited together from one parent or chromosome. Haplotype information is useful for studying genetic variation and disease association. Haplotype assembly (HA) is to obtain haplotypes using DNA sequencing data. Currently, there are many HA methods with their own strengths and weaknesses. In this paper, we focus on comparing six HA methods or algorithms: HapCUT2, MixSIH, PEATH, WhatsHap, SDhaP, and MAtCHap using two NA12878 sequencing datasets named hg19 and hg38. We run the 6 HA algorithms on chromosome 10 of these two datasets, each with 3 filtering levels based on sequencing depth (DP1, DP15, and DP30), and then compare them. Result. To assess 6 HA methods’ efficiency, we compare their run time. HapCUT2 is the fastest HA for 6 datasets, with run time always under 2 minutes. In addition, WhatsHap is relatively fast and its run time is always less than about 20 minutes for all 6 datasets. The other 4 HA algorithms’ run time may vary across different datasets and coverage levels. To assess their accuracy, we perform pairwise comparisons for each pair of the six packages by generating their disagreement rates for both haplotype blocks and single nucleotide variants (SNVs). We also compare them using switch distance (error), which is the number of positions where two chromosomes of a certain phase must be switched to match with the known haplotype or another phase. We find that HapCUT2, PEATH, MixSIH, and MAtCHap generate output files with similar numbers of blocks and SNVs, and they have relatively similar performance. In addition, we find that WhatsHap generates a much larger number of SNVs in the hg19 DP1 output, causing it to have high disagreement percentages with other methods. However, when using the hg38 data, WhatsHap has similar performance as the other 4 algorithms, except SDhaP. We find that SDhaP has much larger disagreements with the other algorithms in all 6 datasets. Conclusion. The comparative analysis is important because each algorithm is different. Our findings provide a deeper understanding of the performance of currently available HA algorithms and useful input for other users.
A Study on Performance Parameters of Three-Level T-type Inverter based PMSM Drives for Electric Vehicles Applications
Authors: Roy Priyankar , Banerjee Atanu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this paper a comparative analysis is conducted to analyse the performances of two-level conventional and three-level diode clamped voltage source inverter-based drives. Carrier-based space vector modulation technique is employed in both three-level & two-level voltage source inverter (2L-VSI) inverter-based drives. Comparative study for 2L-VSI, three-level neutral-point-clamped (3L-NPC) and three-level T-type neutral-point-clamped (3L-TNPC) inverters are performed in view of conduction & switching losses and harmonic profile. Also presented in this work the dynamic response of field-oriented control (FOC) controlled permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive under varying load conditions towards EV applications. Rapid changes in speed and loading in Electric vehicle (EV) traction drives lead to sharp fluctuations in modulation depth and power factor (PF). With variation of modulation index and power factor, power loss of all the three inverters are analysed. Also, in the present work control logics are simulated in MATLAB to observe various speed-torque combinations of 54 kW PMSM drive. Additionally, inverters power losses are developed in PLECS environment. By using a scaled-down prototype of 5 hp PMSM drive, the results are carried out for hardware validation.
Detecting and Classifying Online Health Misinformation with ‘Content Similarity Measure (CSM)’ algorithm: An Automated Fact-checking based Approach
Authors: Barve Yashoda , Saini Jatinderkumar R. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In the digital world information dissemination takes place through the 'word-of-media'. The fraudulent, and deceitful content such as misinformation has detrimental effects on people. To assess the credibility of content and detect misinformation, fact-based automated fact-checking is considered effective. Automated fact-checking comprises of information retrieval, Natural Language Processing (NLP), and machine learning techniques. Previous studies focused on linguistic and textual features and similarity measures-based approaches. However, these studies lack knowledge of facts, and similarity measures are less accurate when dealing with sparse or zero data. To fill these gaps, we propose a ‘Content Similarity Measure (CSM)’ algorithm that can perform automated fact-checking of URLs in the healthcare domain. A novel set of content similarity score, domain-specific, and sentiment polarity score features are introduced to perform a journalistic way of fact-checking. An extensive analysis of the proposed algorithm in comparison with standard similarity measures and machine learning classifiers showed that the CSS feature outperformed other features with an accuracy of 88.26%. In the algorithmic approach, CSM showed improved accuracy of 91.06% compared to the Jaccard similarity measure with 74.26% accuracy. Another observation is that the algorithmic approach outperformed the feature-based approach. To check the robustness of the algorithms authors have tested the model on three state-of-the-art datasets viz. CoAID, FakeHealth and ReCOVery. With algorithmic approach CSM showed highest accuracy of 87.30%, 89.30%, 85.26%, and 88.83% on CoAID, ReCOVery, FakeHealth (Story) and FakeHealth (Release) datasets respectively. With a feature-based approach, proposed CSM showed the highest accuracy of 85.93%, 87.97%, 83.92%, and 86.80% respectively. Further, the proposed feature-based approach with CSS showed an improvement in accuracy of 0.6% compared to the existing study.
Prioritizing Colombian plant genetic resources for investment in research using indicators about the geographic origin, vulnerability status, economic benefits, and food security importance
Authors: Cerón-Souza Ivania , Delgadillo-Duran Diego A. , Polo-Murcia Sonia M. , Sarmiento-Naizaque Zaida X. , Reyes-Herrera Paula H. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Germplasm banks are the most significant repository for plant genetic resources for food and agriculture (PGRFA) worldwide. Despite their strategic importance, national germplasm banks of tropical megadiverse developing countries such as Colombia have extremely limited funds. Therefore, making strategic decisions about research investment is essential. Here, we designed a data-driven approach to build an index that sorts Colombian PGRFA into three groups: high, medium, or low priority, based on four pillars of information from open-access databases and aligned with the sustainable goals of no poverty and zero hunger: Geographic origin, vulnerability status, economic benefits, and food security importance. We analyzed 345 PGRFA using the index, separating them into two groups, 275 already conserved in the Colombian germplasm bank (BGVCOL group) and 70 not currently conserved in the BGVCOL (NCB group). We used fuzzy logic to classify each PGRFA by each pillar and integrate it to obtain a priority index. Missing data for native crops were frequent in the BGVCOL group. Therefore we adopted an imputation strategy to fill the gaps and calculated the uncertainty. After applying the index, PGRFA with higher priority were 24 (8.72%) from the BGVCOL (i.e., 15 potatoes, three tomatoes, two tree tomatoes, pineapple, cocoa, papaya, and yacon) and one from NCB (i.e., coffee). We concluded that this methodology successfully prioritized PGRFA in Colombia and shows the big holes of knowledge for future research and alternatives to improve this index. The versatility of this methodology could be helpful in other genebanks with budget limitations for research investment.
The Impacts of the Use of Biomass Solid Fuels for Household Cooking in Sub-Saharan Africa - A Review
Authors: Oluwatosin Dada , Ola Kamiyo , Olayinka Adewumi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The establishment of weak and inefficient institutions frameworks has left many Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries in continuous use of biomass solid fuels (BSF) which hinders economic growth and development. The literature on BSF use in SSA shows significant variation in the type of fuel preferences for domestic purposes. This study performs a critical analysis of the impact of continual usage of solid biomass fuel for cooking among households across SSA countries. The analysis was carried out via a comprehensive search of systematic peer-reviewed database across disciplines and an extensive review of literature from 2010 to 2021 with a view to make recommendations. The findings indicate that over 900 million people in sub-Saharan Africa still rely on traditional, unprocessed biomass solid fuels for cooking. This poses a great risk as the fuel generates high levels of poisonous particulate matters and biomass smoke. In view of this, it is recommended that the government of various SSA countries should implement and strictly enforce WHO guidelines on air quality in the cooking area for improved health and safety. Interdisciplinary research and policy intervention on the adoption of improved stoves as well as clean fuel cooking solutions should be encouraged. There must also be an aggressive afforestation and conservation of natural vegetation by government through tree planting and control of flow of wood fuels.
Identifying polymorphic cis-regulatory variants as risk markers for lung carcinogenesis and chemotherapy responses in tobacco smokers from Eastern India
Authors: Sengupta Debmalya , Mukhopadhyay Pramiti , Banerjee Souradeep , Ganguly Kausik , Mascharak Prateek , Mukherjee Noyonika , Mitra Sangeeta , Bhattacharjee Samsiddhi , Mitra Ritabrata , Sarkar Abhijit , Chaudhuri Tamohan , Bhattacharjee Gautam , Nath Somsubhra , Roychoudhury Susanta , Sengupta Mainak 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Aberrant expression of xenobiotic metabolism and DNA repair genes is critical to lung cancer pathogenesis. This study aims to identify the cis-regulatory variants of the genes modulating lung cancer risk among tobacco smokers and altering their chemotherapy responses. From a list of 2984 SNVs, prioritization and functional annotation of 22 cis-eQTLs of 14 genes present within the gene expression-correlated DNase I hypersensitive sites were done using lung tissue-specific ENCODE, GTEx, Roadmap Epigenomics, and TCGA datasets. The 22 cis-regulatory variants predictably alter the binding of 44 transcription factors (TFs) expressed in lung tissue. Interestingly, 6 reported lung cancer-associated variants were found in linkage disequilibrium (LD) with 5 prioritized cis-eQTLs from our study. Case-control study with 3 promoter cis-eQTLs (p < 0.01) on 101 lung cancer patients and 401 healthy controls from eastern India with confirmed smoking history revealed association of rs3764821 (ALDH3B1) (OR = 2.53, 95% CI = 1.57–4.07, p = 0.00014) and rs3748523 (RAD52) (OR = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.17–2.47, p = 0.006) with lung cancer risk. The effect of different chemotherapy regimens on the overall survival of lung cancer patients in relation to the associated variants showed that the risk alleles of both variants significantly decreased (p < 0.05) patient survival.
Time scale and influencing factor variations of water and heat fluxes in sandy land
Authors: Li Xiaoyuan , Zhang Shengwei , Liu Tingxi , Lin Xi , Li Ruishen , Wang Shuai 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The transfer process and variation characteristics of water and heat fluxes play an important role in both the ecosystem function and the climatic patterns of arid and semi-arid areas. However, both water (latent heat flux, Fe) and heat (sensible heat flux, Fh) fluxes, and the factors impacting each, operate on different time scales. Therefore, the wavelet transformation was used to reconstruct water and heat flux data measured by an eddy covariance system installed in Horqin sandy land, China. The distribution and response regularity of water and heat fluxes in response to control factors were then analysed across different time scales. The results indicated that the responses of Fe and Fh to controlling factors were similar on 30 min and daily scales, to which the energy terms of net radiation (Fn) and available energy (Fa) showed an extremely significant positive contribution. Removing the interference of the energy terms, Fe and Fh are strongly correlated with the vapour pressure deficit (VPD) and air temperature (Ta) at the daily scale. The water conditions of VPD and relative humidity (RH) were the main influencing factors at the monthly scale. At the seasonal scale, Fe was positively correlated with Fa and Fn but negatively correlated with soil heat flux (Fg), RH and wind speed (WS). On the contrary, Fh was positively correlated with RH but negatively correlated with Fn. At the annual scale, Fe and Fh showed a significant positive correlation with all factors. By the increasing time scale, the cross-correlations between various hydroclimatic processes become better. Generally, at the daily and annual scales, there is a high correlation between Fe, Fh and the control factors, and a pronounced periodicity is exhibited. Another factor that is known to cause such effects is the so-called long-term persistence (or else long-range dependence or the Hurst phenomenon). These results suggest that the time scales of flux and impacting factors should be considered when undertaking water and heat flux analyses of sandy land and other ecosystems.
Government institutional emergent issues and gaps in disaster management mechanisms for WASH: a case study of Zambia's Kanyama peri-urban area
Authors: Mulekwa Mudenda Sydney Haanzuki , Banda Ian Nzali , Tembo James Madaliso , Agabu Kelvin Lungu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This paper endeavours to characterise emergent issues and gaps in government institutional disaster management mechanisms for water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) in peri-urban areas. It is a case of Zambia's Kanyama peri-urban area and focuses on disaster management issues related to prevention, preparedness, and response. To gain an in-depth inductive perspective of emerging issues and inferred gaps, the study used a Straussian Grounded Theory approach by conducting semi-structured interviews with government institutions. Following that, the qualitative data were analysed using open and axial coding. Emergent issues and gaps with regard to mechanisms for emergency sanitation in peri-urban areas have been characterised. The characterised emergent issues and associated gaps include the following: (a) mandate and institutional policy; (b) responsiveness of authorities; (c) community engagement; and (d) stakeholder engagement. Of these emergent issues, mandate and institutional policy is the most outstanding and the critical institutions in the disaster management mechanisms generally are the disaster management and local government authorities. Inadequacies and inefficiencies in the preparedness and response by institutions is highly influenced by the centralisation of preparedness for response. Furthermore, community engagement is cardinal in the effective implementation of preparedness, prevention, and response to disaster management mechanisms in peri-urban WASH by planning authorities.
Nitrate removal from groundwater using an activated sludge as a source of bacteria
Authors: Amarine Mohammed , Jerroumi Sarah , Lekhlif Brahim , Zouheir Yassine , Chafik Amine , Mliji El Mostafa , Echaabi Jamal 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this study, the denitrification of nitrate-contaminated groundwater by the heterotrophic denitrification (HD) method was studied to produce drinking water. Preliminary tests were carried out in a denitrification reactor, consisting of an opaque PVC column filled with a plastic packing, and fed with a synthetic solution based on glycerol, in which activated sludge bacteria were added. The performance of the reactor was monitored by measuring physicochemical parameters such as pH, turbidity, nitrates, and nitrites. This monitoring was carried out for different tests within the same reactor to evaluate the adaptation possibilities of the denitrifying bacteria. At the end of each test when the substrate was exhausted, a new synthetic solution was added to the reactor under discontinuous aeration (aeration period = 1 h). The results obtained showed that the nitrate removal efficiency reached a value of 99.42% after 8 h of treatment depending on the adaptation of the denitrifying bacteria. This experiment also showed that the concentration of produced nitrite depends on the aeration mode and it reached a value below the detection limit in the sequential aeration mode after 12 h of treatment under discontinuous aeration (aeration period = 1 h).
Audit Market Concentration and Audit Quality: Evidence from Analysts’ Forecasts
Authors: Brockbank Bryan G. , Do Chuong , Lawson Bradley P. 
Published: July 2022

SYNOPSIS
Audit market concentration remains a concern due to its potential impact on audit quality. We examine whether audit market concentration influences properties of analysts’ forecasts. We find that analyst forecasts are more accurate and less dispersed when audit markets are more concentrated. Consistent with regulators’ concerns, we find evidence of decreased auditor independence in concentrated markets but also increased auditor effort and a higher likelihood of a Big N auditor. This results in an overall net positive effect between audit market concentration, audit quality, and ultimately, analysts’ forecasts. These results are concentrated in settings where analysts rely more on audited financial statements. Our findings support regulators’ concerns regarding concentration in the U.S. audit market but also help to explain why audit market concentration leads to improved audit quality.