bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of coumarin‐based food additives using terahertz spectroscopy combined with manifold learning and improved support vector machine
Authors: Chen Tao , Ma Lingjie , Tang Zongqing , Yu Ling Xiao 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to use terahertz (THz) spectroscopy combined with manifold learning and improved support vector machine (SVM) model to identify the coumarin‐based food additives. The 216 THz absorbance spectra (144 for calibration set and 72 for prediction set) of six coumarin‐based food additives are measured by using THz time‐domain spectroscopy (THz‐TDS) in the range of 0.5–2.0 THz. The method (P‐t‐SNE) combined principal component analysis (PCA) with manifold learning t‐distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t‐SNE) is used for feature extraction of the THz spectra. Then, an improved SVM using differential evolution (DE) to improve gray wolf optimization (GWO) to optimize parameters is proposed. Finally, the result shows that the prediction set accuracy of PCA‐DEGWO‐SVM, P‐t‐SNE‐DEGWO‐SVM, and P‐t‐SNE‐GWO‐SVM models are 97.22%, 98.61%, and 95.83%, respectively, indicating that the accuracy by P‐t‐SNE is increased by about 1.39% compared with that processed by PCA, and the accuracy by DEGWO is also increased by about 2.78% compared with that processed by GWO. In conclusion, the improved model (P‐t‐SNE‐DEGWO‐SVM) has the best identification effect, and it is proved to be an effective method to identify coumarin‐based food additives.Practical ApplicationThe method used in this paper can be applied in the field of food safety detection. When detecting coumarin‐based food additives, the method proposed in this paper is more time‐saving and efficient than traditional detection methods. Through some more tests and adjustments, it will be possible to achieve rapid and on‐site identification of various food additives.
Effect of temperature on the development and reproduction of Thrips flavus (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)
Authors: Gao Yu , Ding Ning , Wang Di , Zhao Yi‐jin , Cui Juan , Li Wen‐bo , Pei Tian‐hao , Shi Shu‐sen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In Northeast China, thrips have long been considered a secondary pest of soybean until recent years. No study has provided clear reports regarding the effects of temperature on the development and reproduction of Thrips flavus Schrank (Thysanoptera: Thripidae).
Our aim was to study whether the population dynamics of T. flavus were affected by temperatures. Thus, the development, reproduction and growth of T. flavus populations reared on soybean leaves were studied at five different constant temperatures.
The temperature and rate of development from eggs to adults were linearly related between 19 and 31°C. The developmental threshold temperature and effective accumulated temperature were 11.60°C and 273.89 degree‐days for the whole generation. The viability of adult survival decreased with the increase in temperature between 19 and 31°C.
The value of life expectancy of females ranged from 7.47 days (at 31°C) to 16.66 days (at 22°C), while the life expectancy value of males ranged from 5.33 days (at 19 and 31°C) to 17.0 days (at 25°C). The mean fecundity per female was highest at 19°C, with 7.85 eggs/day. The intrinsic rate of increase was the highest (0.102) at 31°C.
The results obtained indicate that temperature is a key factor associated with the development and reproduction of T. flavus on soybean.
Similarities in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation management across intensive care unit types in the United States: An analysis of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Registry
Authors: Owyang Clark G. , Donnat Claire , Brodie Daniel , Gershengorn Hayley B. , Hua May , Qadir Nida , Tonna Joseph E. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) use in the United States occurs often in cardiothoracic ICUs (CTICU). It is unknown how it varies across ICU types.MethodsWe identified 10 893 ECMO runs from the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) Registry across 2018 and 2019. Primary outcome was ECMO case volume by ICU type (CTICU vs. non‐CTICU). Adjusting for pre‐ECMO characteristics and case mix, secondary outcomes were on‐ECMO physiologic variables by ICU location stratified by support type.ResultsCTICU ECMO occurred in 65.1% and 55.1% (2018 and 2019) of total runs. A minority of total runs related to cardiac surgery procedures (CTICU: 21.7% [2018], 18% [2019]; non‐CTICU: 11.2% [2018], 13% [2019]). After multivariate adjustment, non‐CTICU ECMO for cardiac support associated with lower 4‐ and 24‐h circuit flow (3.9 liters per minute [LPM] vs. 4.1 LPM, p < 0.0001; 4.1 LPM vs. 4.3 LPM, p < 0.0001); for respiratory support, lower on‐ECMO mean fraction of inspired oxygen ([FiO2], 67% vs. 69%, p = 0.02) and lower respiratory rate (14 vs. 15, p < 0.0001); and, for extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR), lower ECMO flow rates at 24 h (3.5 LPM vs. 3.7 LPM, p = 0.01).ConclusionsECMO mostly remains in CTICUs though a minority is associated with cardiac surgery. Statistically significant but clinically minor differences in on‐ECMO metrics were observed across ICU types.
Video display terminal use and dry eye: preventive measures and future perspectives
Authors: Kamøy Bjørnar , Magno Morten , Nøland Sara T , Moe Morten C , Petrovski Goran , Vehof Jelle , Utheim Tor P. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundDry eye disease (DED) is a common cause of ocular pain and discomfort. Dry eye disease (DED) stems from a loss‐of‐tear film homeostasis and is frequently seen in video display terminal (VDT) users. Video display terminal (VDT) use reduces blink rates and increases incomplete blinks, leading to tear film instability and ocular inflammation, promoting DED.PurposeTo assess and evaluate the methods for preventing VDT‐associated DED and ocular discomfort.MethodsStudies were found using PubMed and Embase with the search terms: (digital visual terminal* OR computer use OR screen use OR smartphone OR display OR visual display terminal* OR computer vision syndrome OR tablet OR phone OR screen time) AND (dry eye OR DED).ResultsThirty‐one relevant articles were found. Ten described single‐visit studies, whereas 21 had a prolonged follow‐up. Most preventive measures of VDT‐associated DED aimed to increase blink rate or directly prevent tear film instability, ocular inflammation, mucin loss or ocular surface damage. Using an adjustable chair and ergonomic training, blink animations and omega‐3 supplementation improved signs and symptoms of VDT‐associated DED. Taking frequent breaks was associated with fewer symptoms, but no study assessed the commonly suggested 20‐20‐20 rule.ConclusionPreventive measures, such as blink animation programmes, oral intake of omega‐3 fatty acids and improved ergonomics act on different parts of the vicious cycle of dry eye and could supplement each other. A comparison of the efficacy of the different interventions as well as more evidence of the effect of increased humidity, VDT filters and ergonomic practices, are required.
Predictors of anti‐VEGF efficacy in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy based on intraocular cytokine levels and pigment epithelium detachment subtypes
Authors: Mao Jianbo , Zhang Caiyun , Zhang Shian , Liu Chenyi , Chen Nuo , Tao Jiwei , She Xiangjun , Zheng Zicheng , Lv Zhe , Shen Lijun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to compare intraocular cytokines among different types of pigment epithelial detachments (PEDs) in patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) and to investigate the association of cytokine levels and PED types with response to anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy.MethodsWe included 88 patients with chronic CSC and 30 controls. The anti‐VEGF agent conbercept was given intravitreally to chronic CSC patients. Cytokines VEGF, interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), IL‐8, IL‐10, interferon‐inducible protein‐10 and monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 in aqueous humour were measured. Treatment efficacy, cytokine levels, changes in best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and optical coherence tomography parameters were assessed at baseline and 1 month after treatment.ResultsPatients were divided into three groups: flat irregular PED (FIPED) with choroidal neovascularization (CNV), FIPED without CNV and focal PED. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was the only cytokine significantly higher in chronic CSC FIPED patients. There were no significant differences in VEGF between FIPED patients with or without CNV (p = 0.234). At 1 month after conbercept injection, treatment effective rates in FIPED patients with or without CNV were significantly higher than in patients with focal PED (p < 0.05). Best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was improved in both FIPED groups (p < 0.05), but not in the focal PED group (p = 0.180). All three groups had significant decreases in central macular thickness (p < 0.05), and PED heights in FIPED patients were reduced (p < 0.05).ConclusionsPatients with FIPED in chronic CSC had elevated intraocular VEGF levels and responded favourably to conbercept. Anti‐VEGF treatment may be an option for FIPED CSC patients with or without secondary CNV.
Prevalence of HFE‐related haemochromatosis and secondary causes of hyperferritinaemia and their association with iron overload in 1059 French patients treated by venesection
Authors: Le Gac Gérald , Scotet Virginie , Gourlaouen Isabelle , L'Hostis Carine , Merour Marie‐Christine , Karim Zoubida , Deugnier Yves , Bardou‐Jacquet Edouard , Lefebvre Thibaud , Assari Suzanne , Ferec Claude 
Published: February 2022

SummaryBackgroundVenesection is the key therapy in haemochromatosis, but it remains controversial in hyperferritinaemia with moderate iron accumulation. There is substantial evidence that the results of HFE genotyping are routinely misinterpreted, while elevated serum ferritin has become more frequent in recent years in white adult populations following the increase of obesity and metabolic traits.AimsTo examine the reasons for prescribing venesection in 1,059 French patients during the period 2012‐2015, determine the true prevalence of HFE‐related haemochromatosis, and compare iron overload profiles between haemochromatosis and non‐haemochromatosis patients.ResultsOnly 258 of the 488 patients referred for haemochromatosis had the p.[Cys282Tyr];[Cys282Tyr] disease causative genotype (adjusted prevalence: 24.4%). Of the 801 remaining patients, 112 (14.0%) had the debated p.[Cys282Tyr];[His63Asp] compound heterozygote genotype, 643 (80.3%) had central obesity, 475 (59.3%) had metabolic syndrome (MetS) and 93 (11.6%) were heavy drinkers. The non‐haemochromatosis patients started therapeutic venesection 9 years later than haemochromatosis patients (P < 0.001). Despite similar serum ferritin values, they had lower transferrin saturation (41.1% vs 74.3%; P < 0.001), lower amounts of iron removed by venesection (1.7 vs 3.2 g; P < 0.001) and lower hepatic iron concentrations (107 vs 237 µmol/g; P < 0.001).ConclusionsHaemochromatosis is over‐diagnosed and is no longer the main reason for therapeutic venesection in France. Obesity and other metabolic abnormalities are frequently associated with mild elevation of serum ferritin, the MetS is confirmed in ~50% of treated patients. There is a minimal relationship between serum ferritin and iron overload in non‐p.Cys282Tyr homozygotes. Our observations raise questions about venesection indications in non‐haemochromatosis patients.
A survey of veterinarians' practices, recommendations and perceptions associated with the prevention of tetanus in horses in Australia
Authors: Dennis ST , El Hage CM , Brookes VJ 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveIdentify veterinarians' practices, recommendations and perceptions when preventing tetanus in horses in Australia.MethodsGraduated members of Equine Veterinarians Australia participated in an online survey about the prevention of tetanus in horses in Australia.ResultsOf 77 respondents (response rate ~ 8%), 50 (65%) reported that they had attended collectively 145–152 cases of tetanus in horses in Australia (1.1 cases of tetanus observed/10 veterinarian‐years since qualification). The estimated case fatality rate (CFR) was at least 79%. Puncture wounds were most frequently suspected as the entry point (32%; n = 47). Five respondents (7%) reported cases of localised tetanus. Three respondents reported generalised tetanus within 2 weeks of tetanus antitoxin (TAT) administration. Respondents did not report any cases of tetanus in horses which had been vaccinated according to manufacturer's recommendations. All respondents recommended vaccination, but over 50% (N = 45) stated ‘lack of veterinary recommendation’ as often or sometimes a reason why clients did not vaccinate horses. Opinions varied on the use of TAT for peri‐exposure prophylaxis; 67% of respondents dosed TAT independent of body weight, with the rest dosing according to body weight. Cases of Theiler's disease related to the use of TAT were not reported in Australia by respondents.DiscussionThe caseload of equine tetanus appears relatively low among equine veterinarians in Australia. Consistent with the literature, estimated CFR was high. Respondents' recommendations and perceptions about tetanus vaccination were generally consistent but varied regarding TAT usage. Evidence for TAT usage is limited and we recommend studies of TAT efficacy in horses.
Use of chlorprothixene and the risk of diabetes and major adverse cardiovascular events: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Højlund Mikkel , Wagner Christina Blanner , Wesselhoeft Rikke , Andersen Kjeld , Fink‐Jensen Anders , Hallas Jesper 
Published: February 2022

AbstractChlorprothixene is commonly used off‐label in low doses for sedative‐hypnotic purposes although it might carry a risk of cardiometabolic adverse events due to its pharmacodynamic profile. We investigated the risk of diabetes and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) with use of low‐dose chlorprothixene, compared with use of low‐dose quetiapine in a nationwide cohort study, including all new users of low‐dose chlorprothixene (n = 81 328) and low‐dose quetiapine (n = 91 163) in Denmark 2000–2017. Main outcomes were diabetes and MACE (myocardial infarction, stroke and death from cardiovascular causes). The association between cumulative dose of chlorprothixene and the outcomes was tested in a case–control analysis. Low‐dose chlorprothixene use was associated with increased risk of diabetes (intention‐to‐treat [ITT]‐hazard ratio [HR]: 1.16; 95% CI: 1.08–1.25), compared with low‐dose quetiapine use. This association strengthened when follow‐up was restricted to time on treatment (as‐treated [AT]‐HR: 1.34; 95% CI: 1.14–1.56). Low‐dose chlorprothixene use was also associated with increased risk of MACE (ITT‐HR: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.04–1.21) and stroke (ITT‐HR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.06–1.37) but not with myocardial infarction (ITT‐HR: 1.11; 95% CI: 0.95–1.30) nor death from cardiovascular causes (ITT‐HR: 1.07; 95% CI: 0.96–1.20). Cumulative dose of chlorprothixene ≥6000 mg was associated with increased risk of diabetes (OR: 1.15–1.63; test for trend: p < 0.001), whereas cumulative dose of chlorprothixene ≥1500 mg was associated with increased risk of MACE (OR: 1.10–1.85; test for trend: p < 0.001). In conclusion, low‐dose chlorprothixene use is associated with increased risk of cardiometabolic adverse events compared with low‐dose quetiapine use.
Who helps and why? A longitudinal exploration of volunteer role identity, between‐group closeness, and community identification as predictors of coordinated helping during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Wakefield Juliet Ruth Helen , Bowe Mhairi , Kellezi Blerina 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMutual aid groups have allowed community members to respond collectively to the COVID‐19 pandemic, providing essential support to the vulnerable. While research has begun to explore the benefits of participating in these groups, there is a lack of work investigating who is likely to engage in this form of aid‐giving, although early accounts suggest that existing volunteers have played a significant part in the mutual aid phenomena. Taking a social identity approach, the present study sought to identify what social psychological processes predict this continued engagement by exploring predictors of coordinated COVID‐19 aid‐giving for pre‐existing volunteers. A two‐wave longitudinal online survey study (N = 214) revealed that volunteer role identity among existing volunteers at T1 (pre‐pandemic) was positively associated with volunteer‐beneficiary between‐group closeness at T1, which in turn was positively associated with community identification at T1. This in turn positively predicted coordinated COVID‐19 aid‐giving at T2 (3 months later). This paper therefore reveals the intra‐ and intergroup predictors of pandemic‐related coordinated aid‐giving in pre‐existing volunteers. Implications for voluntary organisations and emergency voluntary aid provision are discussed.
A new Kunitz‐type snake toxin family associated with an original mode of interaction with the vasopressin 2 receptor
Authors: Droctové Laura , Ciolek Justyna , Mendre Christiane , Chorfa Amélia , Huerta Paola , Carvalho Chrystelle , Gouin Charlotte , Lancien Manon , Stanajic‐Petrovic Goran , Braco Lorine , Blanchet Guillaume , Upert Gregory , De Pauw Gregory , Barbe Peggy , Keck Mathilde , Mourier Gilles , Mouillac Bernard , Denis Servent , Rodríguez de la Vega Ricardo C. , Quinton Loïc , Gilles Nicolas 
Published: February 2022

Background and PurposeVenomous animals express numerous Kunitz‐type peptides. The mambaquaretin‐1 (MQ1) peptide identified from the Dendroaspis angusticeps venom is the most selective antagonist of the arginine‐vasopressin V2 receptor (V2R) and the only unique Kunitz‐type peptide active on a GPCR. We aimed to exploit other mamba venoms to enlarge the V2R‐Kunitz peptide family and gain insight into the MQ1 molecular mode of action.Experimental ApproachWe used a bio‐guided screening assay to identify novel MQs and placed them phylogenetically. MQs were produced by solid‐phase peptide synthesis and characterized in vitro by binding and functional tests and in vivo by diuresis measurement in rats.Key ResultsEight additional MQs were identified with nanomolar affinities for the V2R, all antagonists. MQs form a new subgroup in the Kunitz family, close to the V2R non‐active dendrotoxins and to two V2R‐active cobra toxins. Sequence comparison between active and non‐active V2R Kunitz peptides highlighted five positions, among which four are involved in V2R interaction and belong to the two large MQ1 loops. We finally determined that eight positions, part of these two loops, interact with the V2R. The variant MQ1‐K39A showed a higher affinity for the hV2R, but not for the rat V2R.Conclusions and ImplicationsA new function and mode of action is associated with the Kunitz peptides. The number of MQ1 residues involved in V2R binding is large and may explain its absolute selectivity. MQ1‐K39A represents the first step in the improvement of the MQ1 design from a medicinal perspective.
Development of antigen‐prediction algorithm for personalized neoantigen vaccine using human leukocyte antigen transgenic mouse
Authors: Charneau Jimmy , Suzuki Toshihiro , Shimomura Manami , Fujinami Norihiro , Mishima Yuji , Hiranuka Kazushi , Watanabe Noriko , Yamada Takashi , Nakamura Norihiro , Nakatsura Tetsuya 
Published: February 2022

AbstractImmunotherapy is currently recognized as the fourth modality in cancer therapy. CTL can detect cancer cells via complexes involving human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules and peptides derived from tumor antigens, resulting in antigen‐specific cancer rejection. The peptides may be predicted in silico using machine learning‐based algorithms. Neopeptides, derived from neoantigens encoded by somatic mutations in cancer cells, are putative immunotherapy targets, as they have high tumor specificity and immunogenicity. Here, we used our pipeline to select 278 neoepitopes with high predictive “SCORE” from the tumor tissues of 46 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma or metastasis of colorectal carcinoma. We validated peptide immunogenicity and specificity by in vivo vaccination with HLA‐A2, A24, B35, and B07 transgenic mice using ELISpot assay, in vitro and in vivo killing assays. We statistically evaluated the power of our prediction algorithm and demonstrated the capacity of our pipeline to predict neopeptides (area under the curve = 0.687, P < 0.0001). We also analyzed the potential of long peptides containing the predicted neoepitopes to induce CTLs. Our study indicated that the short peptides predicted using our algorithm may be intrinsically present in tumor cells as cleavage products of long peptides. Thus, we empirically demonstrated that the accuracy and specificity of our prediction tools may be potentially improved in vivo using the HLA transgenic mouse model. Our data will help to design feedback algorithms to improve in silico prediction, potentially allowing researchers to predict peptides for personalized immunotherapy.
Graphical Tools for Visualization of Missing Data in Large Longitudinal Phenomena
Authors: Jiménez Edgar , Macías Rodrigo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe analysis of large quantities of longitudinal data requires quick decision tools to ensure data quality and to find useful patterns for analysis in exploratory stages. We propose algorithms based on ordering, sampling and grouping applied to lasagna plots, a special kind of matrix plot, which are heat maps created to visualize longitudinal studies. These algorithms can be applied to large data sets to find patterns of interest, monotone and intermittent, in the missing data with low computational cost compared to previous alternatives. Visualization with these algorithms addresses a trade‐off in visualization design: reducing visual clutter versus increasing the information content in a visualization. The method enables the visualization of missing data in a clear and concise way. We apply our techniques to four real‐world data sets of different origins and sizes that share analysis and visualization tasks and discuss the patterns found within them.
What is the added value of patch testing with 30 fragrance allergens in addition to the European Baseline series?
Authors: Krijl Rosalie C. , Ipenburg Norbertus A. , Franken Sylvie M. , Rustemeyer Thomas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatch testing with the fragrance allergy markers in the European baseline series (EBS) does not identify all patients with fragrance allergy. Hydroperoxides of linalool and limonene have been shown to be useful allergens in detecting fragrance sensitization.ObjectivesTo evaluate the added value of testing with 30 fragrance allergens in addition to the EBS.MethodsAll patients with suspected fragrance allergy who underwent patch testing at the Amsterdam University Medical Centers between November 2019 and January 2021 to the EBS and fragrance series were included.ResultsOf 323 patients tested, 162 (50.2%) were found to be fragrance sensitized. The most sensitizing single allergens were the hydroperoxides of linalool (1.0 and 0.5% pet.) and limonene (0.3 and 0.2% pet.). Testing with the hydroperoxides of linalool and limonene identified 62 fragrance‐sensitized patients (38.3%) who could not be detected by the common fragrance markers. Of all fragrance‐sensitized patients, 21 (13.0%) would have been missed when not testing with the fragrance series.ConclusionsPatch testing with the fragrance series in addition to the EBS is valuable. To reduce the risk of false‐negative reactions, it is advisable to test the hydroperoxides of linalool and limonene.