bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of incidence and risk factors of acute kidney injury development in hospitalized COVID 19 patients; A case-control study
Authors: AL-Dammad Zakaria , AL-Halawat Anas , Alchallah Mhd Obai , AL-Dammad Farida , Assaf Nihad saeed 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
BackgroundAcute kidney injury (AKI) is common among patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and associated with worse prognosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiology, risk factors and outcomes of AKI in hospitalized patients in Damascus hospital.Design A case control study conducted in Damascus hospital.Methods The study reviewed 299 medical records of hospitalized covid 19 patients between 2021 to 2021 after, a self-administered forms used to fill demographical, comorbid conditions, vital signs, laboratory studies, the goal is to gauge the risk factors for having acute kidney injury in covid-19 and the effect on prognosis and mortality. The study was performed in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Syrian private university Research Ethics Committee.ResultThrough this study prevalence rate of AKI were 145 (48.5%) in hospitalized patients, the median age was (67+-12.3) years in AKI patients. hypertension, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease, have increased the risk of having a new onset AKI, this study shows that AKI frequently complicates the course of COVID-19 hospitalizations and is associated with increased severity of illness, and poor prognosis.ConclusionAKI frequently complicates the course of COVID-19 hospitalizations and is associated with increased severity of illness, and poor prognosis. We demonstrate an independent association between some factors and the development of AKI and mortality, early detection of comorbidities and renal complications is essential to improve the outcomes of COVID-19 patients.
Truncated Human IRF-1 (1-233) protein shows neutral transcriptional effect on expression of Bax, survivin, Bcl2 and cyclin D1 genes in HEK293T cell line
Authors: Prakash Krishna , Haque Prof. Rizwanul , Mishra Santosh Kumar 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

We generated the truncated IRF-1(1-233 amino acids), lacks total C-terminal domains, like the Transactivation domain, instability domain, Multifunctional domains. We used semi-nested PCR technique followed by gene cloning in E.coli and observed profound expression of mutant GST-IRF-1 protein (~ 52 kDa) in 12.5% SDS PAGE. We ectopically expressed truncated mutant version of IRF-1 and wild version of IRF-1 in Human Embryonic Kidney cell line HEK293 and HEK293T. We observed truncated version of IRF-1 was unable to show any effect on the expression of chromosomal genes, like Bcl2, surviving and cyclin D1. In addition to that truncated mutant IRF-1 did not influence the growth and proliferation of HEK293 and HEK293T cells that were also confirmed by MTT assay. Although both wild and truncated version of IRF-1 showed similar DNA binding activity by EMSA technique yet, both shows differential transcription activation activity. Hence, these findings demonstrate that the region 234–325 amino acids in human IRF-1 is important for the expression of Bax, Survivin, Bcl2, and Cyclin D genes in the present experimental model system.
WITHDRAWN: Effects of structure, purity, and alignment factors on the heat conduction properties of nanostructured materials comprising single-walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Chen Junjie 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The increasing popularity of single-walled carbon nanotubes has created a demand for greater scientific understanding of the characteristics of thermal transport in nanostructured materials. However, the effects of structure, purity, and alignment factors on the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of single-walled carbon nanotubes are still poorly understood. The effects of structure, purity, and alignment factors on the heat conduction properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes were investigated by using the nonequilibrium molecular dynamics method. The specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of carbon nanotube-based materials were determined to understand the characteristics of thermal transport in the nanostructured materials. The effect of single-walled carbon nanotube loading on the heat conduction properties of carbon nanotube-based polymer composites was investigated. The results indicated that single-walled carbon nanotubes are very efficient at conducting heat. The structure, purity, and alignment factors play a fundamentally important role in determining the heat conduction properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes. The difference in specific heat capacity between graphene and single-walled carbon nanotubes is larger at lower temperatures but becomes very small at higher temperatures. The purity strongly affects the heat conduction properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes, whereas the effect of alignment on the thermal conductivity is considerable. The lattice thermal conductivity of carbon nanotube-based materials first increases and then decreases with temperature. Single-walled carbon nanotube reinforced epoxy composites are able to achieve significant improvements in thermal properties at much lower loadings. A significant improvement in heat conduction properties can be achieved when single-walled carbon nanotubes serve as thermal reinforcements for epoxy composite systems with further promise of multifunctionality.
The complete mitochondrial genome of critically endangered Hangul (Cervus hanglu hanglu) and its comparison with the other red deer
Authors: Yadav Prabhaker , Kumar Ajit , Yadav Neha , Gupta Sandeep Kumar 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Hangul (Cervus hanglu hanglu) or Kashmiri stag belongs to the family Cervidae and is the only surviving red deer in the Indian subcontinent. Its complete mitogenome sequence is lacking in the open database for further phylogenetic inferences.Methods and results: We sequenced and characterized the first complete mitogenome of Hangul, which was 16,354 bp in length. It was compared with other red deer subspecies. We observed eight pairs of overlapping genes and 15 intergenic spacers in between the mitochondrial regions. Relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) for the 13 PCGs of Hangul consisted of 3597 codons (excluding stop codons). We observed a highest frequency for leucine (11.75%) and the lowest for tryptophan amino acid (1.12%) in 13 PCGs of Hangul. All the tRNA genes showed a typical secondary cloverleaf arrangement, excluding tRNA-Ser in which dihydrouridine arm did not form a stable structure. Conclusions: The Bayesian inference phylogenetic tree indicated that Hangul clustered within the Tarim deer group (C. h. yarkandensis) and closed to C. e. hippelaphus, which formed the western clade. Besides, the subspecies of C. nippon and C. canadensis clustered together and formed an eastern clade. The finding was supported by the mean pairwise genetic distance based on both complete mitogenome and 13 PCGs. The comparative study of the Hangul mitogenome with other red deer provides crucial information for understanding the evolutionary relationships. It offers a valuable resource for conserving this critically endangered cervid with a limited distribution range.
Persönlichkeitsrechtliche Aspekte des Erstellens audiovisueller Aufnahmen von Polizeieinsätzen durch Privatpersonen im öffentlichen Raum
Authors: Stückelberger Benjamin 
Published: June 2022

Die audiovisuelle Aufzeichnung von Polizeieinsätzen durch Privatpersonen – etwa mittels Smartphones – wirft zahlreiche rechtliche Fragen auf. Der vorliegende Beitrag diskutiert die Zulässigkeit des Erstellens solcher Aufnahmen im öffentlichen Raum unter persönlichkeitsrechtlichen Gesichtspunkten und thematisiert dazu die Interessen der aufnahmeerstellenden Person, der Polizist:innen und allfällig involvierter Drittpersonen unter grundrechtlichen, zivilrechtlichen und strafrechtlichen Blickwinkeln.
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L’enregistrement audiovisuel d’interventions policières par des particuliers — par exemple au moyen de smartphones — soulève de nombreuses questions juridiques. Le présent article discute de l’admissibilité de tels enregistrements dans l’espace public du point de vue du droit de la personnalité. Pour ce faire, les intérêts de la personne qui enregistre, des agent·e·s de police et des tiers éventuellement impliqués sont examinés sous l’angle des droits fondamentaux, du droit civil et du droit pénal.
The influence of regenerant with different dosages on the performance of aged SBS modified asphalt
Authors: Wang Quanlei , Xu Zhoucong , Wu Jie , Chen Fei , Wang Huoming 
Published: June 2022

In asphalt pavement thermal regeneration, incorporation of regenerant can restore the properties of aged SBS modified asphalt, but the effect of regenerant on the recovery of aged asphalt and the dosage of regenerant are not clear. In this study, experiments are carried to determine the effect of regenerant on the performance of aged SBS modified asphalt and the appropriate dose. Accelerated aging test is conducted by rolling thin film oven test (RTFOT) at different times. Then, different doses of regenerant (2 %, 4 %, 6 %, 8 %, 10 %, 12 %) are added to the specimens before and after aging, and test its technical indexes such as penetration, softening point and ductility to analyze the effect of regenerant on the properties of aged asphalt. The results show that: with the increase of the amount of regenerating agent, the aging asphalt performance indexes are restored, the softening point of regenerated asphalt is reduced, and the ductility and needle penetration are increased. Based on the analysis of the relationship between the aging time of SBS modified asphalt and the amount of regenerant, interpolation fitting is carried out to obtain the formula for the best amount of regenerant, so as to determine the best regenerant dosage for aged asphalt mixes in actual engineering applications.
3D CFD simulation and analysis of transient flow in a water pipeline
Authors: Cao Yun , Zhou Ling , Ou Chuanqi , Fang Haoyu , Liu Deyou 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A three-dimensional (3D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach is developed to elaborate the water-hammer pipe flow and 3D detailed dynamic characteristics of a closing ball valve. The proposed CFD approach considers the water compressibility and the viscous sublayer, which are sometimes neglected in previous studies. Comparisons of the CFD results, the measured pressures and the one-dimensional results, demonstrate that the current 3D CFD approach better reproduces the experimental pressure oscillations while helping to visualize the associated physical processes and to further explore the 3D transient characteristics. The mean velocity distributions in the radial direction significantly change as the pipe transient progresses, which is closely associated with transient shear stress. Mean velocity variations at the valve during the closing process undergo three distinct stages: slight change, then drastic reduction, and finally slowing down. Head loss coefficient and discharge coefficient of the valve change as the valve closing time shortens.
Challenges in realising the potential of wastewater-based epidemiology to quantitatively monitor and predict the spread of disease
Authors: Faraway Julian , Boxall-Clasby James , Feil Edward J. , Gibbon Marjorie J. , Hatfield Oliver , Kasprzyk-Hordern Barbara , Smith Theresa 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Researchers around the world have demonstrated correlations between measurements of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater (WW) and case rates of COVID-19 derived from direct testing of individuals. This has raised concerns that wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) methods might be used to quantify the spread of this and other diseases, perhaps faster than direct testing, and with less expense and intrusion. We illustrate, using data from Scotland and the USA, the issues regarding the construction of effective predictive models for disease case rates. We discuss the effects of variation in, and the problem of aligning, public health (PH) reporting and WW measurements. We investigate time-varying effects in PH-reported case rates and their relationship to WW measurements. We show the lack of proportionality of WW measurements to case rates with associated spatial heterogeneity. We illustrate how the precision of predictions is affected by the level of aggregation chosen. We determine whether PH or WW measurements are the leading indicators of disease and how they may be used in conjunction to produce predictive models. The prospects of using WW-based predictive models with or without ongoing PH data are discussed.
Adsorption and removal of direct red 31 by Cu-MOF: optimization by response surface
Authors: Li Zihang , Ren Dajun , Wang Zhaobo , Jiang Shan , Zhang Shuqin , Zhang Xiaoqing , Chen Wangsheng 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Cu(PABA) is a Cu-based MOF material assembled from Cu2+ and the organic ligand p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA). Cu (PABA) was synthesized by a solvothermal method, characterized and applied to the adsorption of direct red 31 dye (DR-31). The effects of pH, DR-31 concentration and temperature on the adsorption performance of Cu(PABA) were investigated. The adsorption kinetics were analyzed by pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intra-particle diffusion models, and the adsorption equilibrium data was fitted by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The pseudo-first-order kinetics and Langmuir model satisfactorily described the adsorption kinetics and adsorption equilibrium, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity of Cu(PABA) for DR-31 dye at room temperature was 1,244.8 mg/g, as calculated using the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. By response surface methodology (RSM), the optimal adsorption was found at pH value of 10.9, DR-31 dye concentration of 216.6 mg/L, and temperature of 27 °C, and the removal rate was as high as 99.4%. Therefore, Cu(PABA) can be used as an efficient adsorbent for removing DR-31 dye from aqueous solution.
Polyarteritis Nodosa with Recurrent Skin Ulcers A Case Report
Authors: Albin Roberto G. , Rodriguez Nathaliet 
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND:
Polyarteritis nodosa or PAN is a rare disease. It is diagnosed frequently in middle age patients and the elderly. Reduction in hepatitis B virus infection has been associated with a reduction in the prevalence of PAN.

CASE PRESENTATION:
We present a 78-year-old patient with extensive skin lesions, weight loss, high blood pressure (HBP), polyneuropathy, evidence of hepatitis B virus infection, and a biopsy showing vasculitis of a small or medium-sized arteries. Corticosteroid and antiviral treatment were prescribed to the patient and with great results.

CONCLUSION::
PAN is a necrotizing vasculitis that typically affects medium-sized vessels with occasional involvement of small vessels. It can be found in elderly male patients over the sixth decade of life with manifestations of recurrent skin ulcers and HBP.
Asymmetric Synthesis: A Glance at Various Methodologies for Different Frameworks
Authors: Kaur Charanjit , Sharma Sachin , Thakur Amandeep , Sharma Ram 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Asymmetric reactions have made a significant advancement over the past few decades
and involved the production of enantiomerically pure molecules using enantioselective
organocatalysis, chiral auxiliaries/substrates, and reagents via controlling the absolute stereochemistry.
The laboratory synthesis using an enantiomerically impure starting material gives a
combination of enantiomers that are difficult to separate for chemists in medicine, chromatography,
pharmacology, asymmetric synthesis, and studies on structure-function relationships of
proteins, life sciences and mechanistic studies. This challenging step of separation can be
avoided by using asymmetric synthesis. Using pharmacologically relevant scaffolds/
pharmacophores, the drug design can also be achieved using asymmetric synthesis to
synthesize receptor-specific pharmacologically active chiral molecules. This approach can be
used to synthesize asymmetric molecules from a wide variety of reactants using specific asymmetric conditions,
which is also beneficial for the environment due to less usage and discharge of chemicals into the environment.
Therefore, in this review, we have focused on the inclusive collation of diverse mechanisms in this area to encourage
auxiliary studies of asymmetric reactions to develop selective, efficient, environment-friendly, and highyielding
advanced processes in asymmetric reactions.
Review of the Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Efficacy and Safety of Pembrolizumab
Authors: Homšek Ana , Radosavljević Davorin , Miletić Nebojša , Spasić Jelena , Jovanović Marija , Miljković Branislava , Stanojković Tatjana , Vučićević Katarina 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Treatment of various types of cancer has been improved significantly with the discovery of
biological drugs that act as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Pembrolizumab is a humanized monoclonal anti-
PD-1 antibody currently approved for the treatment of a wide range of tumors, with more indications still being
investigated in ongoing clinical trials.

Objective:
The aim of this paper is to present all currently available data regarding pembrolizumab pharmacokinetic
and pharmacodynamic characteristics. Also, the possibility of using predictive biomarkers to monitor patients during
cancer treatment is discussed.

Methods:
Database research was carried out (PubMed, ScienceDirect). Information was gathered from original articles,
the European Medicines Agency datasheets and results from clinical trials.

Results:
This review summarizes present-day knowledge about the pharmacokinetics, different modeling approaches
and dosage regimens, efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab and therapeutic monitoring of disease progression.

Conclusion:
This review points out consistent pharmacokinetic characteristics of pembrolizumab in various cancer
patients, the lack of pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic/outcome relationships, and the need for adequate biomarkers
to predict treatment success. Hence, there is a clear necessity for more data and experience in order to optimize pembrolizumab
treatment for each individual patient.
Ameliorative Effects of Phytomedicines on Alzheimer’s Patients
Authors: Khandia Rekha , Viswanathan Neerja , Singhal Shailja , Alqahtani Taha , Almikhlafi Mohannad A. , Simonov Alexander Nikolaevich , Ashraf Ghulam Md. 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disease that severely affects individuals' cognitive abilities, memory, and quality of life. It affects the elderly population, and there is no permanent prevention or cures available to date, treatments mainly aiming to alleviate the symptoms as and when they appear. Alternate therapeutic approaches are being researched constantly, and there is a growing focus on phytomedicine, herbal medicine, organic compounds, and ayurvedic compounds for the treatment of AD.Methods:The current study aims to provide an extensive review of these plants against AD from the currently existing literature. Most relevant keywords like Alzheimer’s Disease, phytomedicines, ethnic medicines, the role of phytomedicine in neuroprotection, common phytomedicines against AD, etc., were used to select the plants and their metabolites effective in treating AD. The study focuses on six plants: Panax ginseng, Ginkgo biloba, Bacopa monnieri, Withania somnifera, Curcuma longa, and Lavandula angustifolia. Their active components have been studied along with neuroprotective properties, and evidence of in-vitro, pre-clinical, and clinical studies conducted to prove their therapeutic potential against the disease have been presented.Results:All plants envisaged in the study show potential for fighting against AD to varying degrees. Their compounds have shown therapeutic effects by reversing the neurological changes such as clearing Aβ plaque and neurofibrillary tangle formation, and ameliorative effects against neurodegeneration through processes including improving concentration, memory, cognition and learning, higher working and cue memory, improved spatial memory, inhibition of NF-κB expression, inhibiting the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, inhibition of AChE and lipid peroxidase enzymes, and reduction of interleukin levels and tumor necrosis factor-alpha.Conclusion:The present review is a comprehensive and up-to-date analysis supported by the evidentiary proofs from pre-clinical studies, meta-analyses, and review papers related to natural phytochemicals' impact on neurodegenerative disorders like AD.
1,2,4 Triazoles and 1,2,4 Oxadiazoles Scaffold as SGLT2 Inhibitors: Molecular Docking and ADMET Studies
Authors: Sharma Shivani , Mittal Amit 
Published: June 2022

Background:Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder in which blood sugar levels are elevated over a prolonged period of time. SGLT2 inhibitors have recently demonstrated positive effects on diabetes care by minimizing hyperglycemia through decreased glucosuria.Objective:The aim was to carry out molecular docking and ADMET studies of 1,2,4 triazole and 1,2,4 oxadiazole scaffolds as SGLT2 inhibitors.Methods:Structures of newer molecules of two series of 1,2,4 triazoles and 1,2,4 oxadiazoles were drawn by using Chem Draw Ultra 8.0 software. The AutoDock Vina 1.5.6 software was used for the molecular docking studies. In silico ADMET properties were calculated online using admetSAR and pkCSM predictors.Results:We have designed 1563 different 1,2,4 triazoles and 1,2,4 oxadiazoles as SGLT2 inhibitors. A total of 14 compounds from both the triazole and oxadiazole series were shown to have better binding affinity to the SGLT2 protein than canagliflozin. Among them, SSN 10 and SSON 7 showed the highest docking score and binding affinity of -10.7 kcal/mol and -10.5 kcal/mol, respectively. In silico ADMET properties were also calculated in order to determine physiochemical properties, pharmacokinetics and toxicity of best binding molecules. In addition, these molecules were predicted to be non-carcinogens, showing good oral bioavailability and physiochemical characteristics safer with optimal partition coefficient (LogP = 2.07-5.24).Conclusion:Novel SGLT2 inhibitors were designed based on the scaffold of 1,2,4 triazoles and 1,2,4 oxadiazoles resulting in a new lead molecule with a maximum binding affinity; these molecules were also estimated to be noncarcinogenic with low LogP.