bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of quantum-learning and conventional teaching methods on learning achievement, motivation to learn, and retention among nursing students during critical care nursing education
Authors: Khozaei Sahar Arab , Zare Najmeh Valizadeh , Moneghi Hossin Karimi , Sadeghi Tahereh , Taraghdar Mousa Mahdizadeh 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Nursing education needs to be dedicated to sparking creativity as well as enhancing dynamic thinking and clinical decision-making skills. In this respect, exploiting quantum-learning methodology can be effective since it provides contexts and contents to improve.

Objective
The main objective of this study was to compare the effects of the quantum-learning methodology and conventional teaching learning achievement, motivation to learn, and retention among nursing students during critical care nursing education.

Methods
This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 46 nursing students, enrolled in the sixth semester at the School of Nursing and Midwifery affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, were initially randomized into intervention and control groups. Then, the phases of “enroll, experience, label, demonstrate, review, and celebrate model were implemented in the intervention group, receiving the quantum-learning methodology. With regard to the control group, education was fulfilled according to the conventional teaching method. The learning achievement was subsequently measured in each group using. One month later, the in both groups were calculated. The data collection tools included a demographic characteristics form and the Kolb’s Learning Style Inventory and Learning Motivation Questionnaire. The data were finally compared via statistical tests.

Results
The total scores of the learning achievement in the intervention group were 16.84 ± 2.28 and these values were equal to 15.16 ± 2.41 in the control group, which were significantly different based on the independent-samples t-test results (p < 0.001). The retention mean scores in the intervention and control groups were also by 13.25 ± 1.88 and 11.71 ± 2.05, respectively (p < 0.001). In the intervention group, motivation to learn before and after education significantly different (p < 0.001). However, such a significant difference was not observed in the control group before and after the intervention (p = 0.30).

Conclusion
It was concluded that teaching methods encouraging students and providing interactive and fun environments could boost motivation to learn and give rise to retention, particularly in skill-based programs and courses. Teachers can thus utilize dynamic models such as the quantum-learning methodology to help students understand and gain more nursing skills.
Analysis of acid–base disorders in an ICU cohort using a computer script
Authors: Forsal Innas , Bodelsson Mikael , Wieslander Anders , Nilsson Anders , Pouchoulin Dominique , Broman Marcus 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background/aims
Acid–base status is important for understanding pathophysiology, making a diagnosis, planning effective treatment and monitoring progress of critically ill patients. Manual calculations are cumbersome, easily result in wrong conclusions. We wanted to develop an automated assessment of acid–base status.

Methods
A simplified adaptive MATLAB script processing all available theory to date was created, evaluated and used on blood gas analyses drawn immediately after admission to ICU. The script was compared to golden standard, calculating manually by two experienced ICU physicians.

Results
Results from the script correlated completely with detailed manual calculations of randomly chosen 100 blood gas results and it was able to deliver complex data on cohort level with advanced graphics. The initial blood gas analyses from 8875 admissions constituted the cohort, of which 4111 (46.3%) were normal. Respiratory acidosis was the primary disturbance in 2753 (31.0%) and metabolic acidosis in 464 (5.2%). Respiratory alkalosis was the primary disturbance in 1501 (17.0%) and metabolic alkalosis in 46 (0.5%). Of the disturbances 74.7% were mixed with two and 2.1% with three simultaneous disturbances. Acidoses were less compensated compared to alkaloses.

Conclusions
Acid–base theories are developed on ideal models and not on critical care patients, they require inputs that might not be available, and therefore, estimations are needed. In our cohort, it was difficult to develop a working script based on Stewart, whereas Boston/Copenhagen worked better. Acidoses were more common and more deviated compared to alkaloses.
Circulating serogroups of Leptospira in swine from a 7-year study in France (2011–2017)
Authors: Naudet Jeanne , Crespin Laurent , Cappelle Julien , Kodjo Angeli , Ayral Florence 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundLeptospirosis is a widespread zoonotic disease caused by pathogenicLeptospiraand is responsible for significant economic porcine livestock losses. Knowledge ofLeptospiraserogroups and their distributions is important for evaluation of the relevance of leptospirosis management measures, including use of the prophylactic vaccine that was recently made available in France. A retrospective study was conducted to determine the relationships between different circulatingLeptospiraserogroups. Pigs from across France presenting clinical signs suggestive of leptospirosis were tested with the microagglutination test (MAT) between 2011 and 2017. We used weighted averages to determine serogroup distributions according to MAT results and considering cross-reactions.ResultsA total of 19,395 pig sera, mostly from Brittany, were tested, and 22.7% were found to be positive for at least oneLeptospiraserogroup. Analysis of the 4,346 seropositive results for which the putative infective serogroup could be defined, revealed that two out of ten serogroups were much more frequent than the others: Australis (48.5%) and Icterohaemorrhagiae (38.2%). Other serogroups, including Autumnalis, Panama, Ballum, Tarassovi, Sejroe, Grippotyphosa, Bataviae, and Pomona, were less common.ConclusionsAlthough diagnostic laboratory data cannot be extrapolated to infer the distribution ofLeptospiraserogroups at the nationwide scale in France, the analysis of such data can provide an overview of the relationship between circulatingLeptospiraserogroups in space and time. During the last decade, protection against the serogroups Australis and Icterohaemorrhagiae would have prevented most of the clinical porcine leptospirosis cases in the large number of farms that we studied. In the future, epidemiological information related to circulatingLeptospiraserogroups should be extracted from data with a standardized approach for use in nationwide or international surveillance and prophylactic strategy support.
Race and sameness: on the limits of beyond race and the art of staying with the trouble
Authors: M’charek Amade 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this commentary I argue that rather than going beyond race, we need to ‘stay with the trouble’ of race (Haraway 2016). Race, I want to suggest, is precisely ‘trouble’ because it is produced and sustained in everyday practices. To make this more tangible, I will zoom in on one specific case, a homicide case, that was eventually solved through forensic technologies and attend to the impact of the case on society. Analyzing responses in the media to the identification of suspect, I focus on the sense of community that emerged, and unravel how race came to play a role. To push the point that we need to attend to the intricacies of race, I will switch focus from an analysis of race in relation to difference, to race in relation to sameness. As I argue, while difference tends to be politicized, sameness has been viewed as curiously apolitical and thus functions as the baseline. Here I suggest to differentiate between sameness asothernessand sameness asus-ness. My analyses is aimed at inviting us to stay curious about what race is made to be in practice, how it manifests and what politics it does.
Multi-parametric PET/MRI for enhanced tumor characterization of patients with cervical cancer
Authors: Ahangari Sahar , Littrup Andersen Flemming , Liv Hansen Naja , Jakobi Nøttrup Trine , Berthelsen Anne Kiil , Folsted Kallehauge Jesper , Richter Vogelius Ivan , Kjaer Andreas , Espe Hansen Adam , Fischer Barbara Malene 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Aim
The concept of personalized medicine has brought increased awareness to the importance of inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity for cancer treatment. The aim of this study was to explore simultaneous multi-parametric PET/MRI prior to chemoradiotherapy for cervical cancer for characterization of tumors and tumor heterogeneity.

Methods
Ten patients with histologically proven primary cervical cancer were examined with multi-parametric 68Ga-NODAGA-E[c(RGDyK)]2-PET/MRI for radiation treatment planning after diagnostic 18F-FDG-PET/CT. Standardized uptake values (SUV) of RGD and FDG, diffusion weighted MRI and the derived apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and pharmacokinetic maps obtained from dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI with the Tofts model (iAUC60, Ktrans, ve, and kep) were included in the analysis. The spatial relation between functional imaging parameters in tumors was examined by a correlation analysis and joint histograms at the voxel level. The ability of multi-parametric imaging to identify tumor tissue classes was explored using an unsupervised 3D Gaussian mixture model-based cluster analysis.

Results
Functional MRI and PET of cervical cancers appeared heterogeneous both between patients and spatially within the tumors, and the relations between parameters varied strongly within the patient cohort. The strongest spatial correlation was observed between FDG uptake and ADC (median r =  − 0.7). There was moderate voxel-wise correlation between RGD and FDG uptake, and weak correlations between all other modalities. Distinct relations between the ADC and RGD uptake as well as the ADC and FDG uptake were apparent in joint histograms. A cluster analysis using the combination of ADC, FDG and RGD uptake suggested tissue classes which could potentially relate to tumor sub-volumes.

Conclusion
A multi-parametric PET/MRI examination of patients with cervical cancer integrated with treatment planning and including estimation of angiogenesis and glucose metabolism as well as MRI diffusion and perfusion parameters is feasible. A combined analysis of functional imaging parameters indicates a potential of multi-parametric PET/MRI to contribute to a better characterization of tumor heterogeneity than the modalities alone. However, the study is based on small patient numbers and further studies are needed prior to the future design of individually adapted treatment approaches based on multi-parametric functional imaging.
Current-induced control of the polarization state in a polar-metal–based heterostructure SnSe/WTe2
Authors: Orlova N. N. , Timonina A. V. , Kolesnikov N. N. , Deviatov E. V. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The concept of a polar metal suggests a new approach to current-induced polarization control for ferroelectrics. We fabricate SnSe/WTe2 heterostructure to experimentally investigate charge transport between two ferroelectric van der Waals materials with different polarization directions. WTe2 is a polar metal with out-of-plane ferroelectric polarization, while SnSe ferroelectric semiconductor is polarized in-plane, so one should expect complicated polarization structure at the SnSe/WTe2 interface. We study

curves, which demonstrate sharp symmetric drop to zero

differential conductance at some threshold bias voltages

, which are nearly symmetric with respect to the bias sign. While the gate electric field is too small to noticeably affect the carrier concentration, the positive and negative threshold positions are sensitive to the gate voltage. Also, SnSe/WTe2 heterostructure shows re-entrant transition to the low-conductive

state for abrupt change of the bias voltage even below the threshold values. This behavior cannot be observed for single SnSe or WTe2 flakes, so we interpret it as a result of the SnSe/WTe2 interface coupling. In this case, some threshold value of the electric field at the SnSe/WTe2 interface is enough to drive a 90° change of the initial SnSe in-plane polarization in the overlap region. The polarization mismatch leads to the significant interface resistance contribution, analogously to the scattering of the charge carriers on the domain walls. Thus, we demonstrate polarization state control by electron transport through the SnSe/WTe2 interface.
Comparison of early outcomes of arthroscopic labral repair or debridement
Authors: Holleyman Richard James , Lyman Stephen , Bankes Marcus J. K. , Board Tim Nicholas , Conroy Jonathan Lee , McBryde Callum Wilson , Andrade Antonio Jose , Malviya Ajay , Khanduja Vikas 
Published: April 2022

Aims This study uses prospective registry data to compare early patient outcomes following arthroscopic repair or debridement of the acetabular labrum. Methods Data on adult patients who underwent arthroscopic labral debridement or repair between 1 January 2012 and 31 July 2019 were extracted from the UK Non-Arthroplasty Hip Registry. Patients who underwent microfracture, osteophyte excision, or a concurrent extra-articular procedure were excluded. The EuroQol five-dimension (EQ-5D) and International Hip Outcome Tool 12 (iHOT-12) questionnaires were collected preoperatively and at six and 12 months post-operatively. Due to concerns over differential questionnaire non-response between the two groups, a combination of random sampling, propensity score matching, and pooled multivariable linear regression models were employed to compare iHOT-12 improvement. Results A total of 2,025 labral debridements (55%) and 1,659 labral repairs (45%) were identified. Both groups saw significant (p < 0.001) EQ-5D and iHOT-12 gain compared to preoperative scores at 12 months (iHOT-12 improvement: labral repair = +28.7 (95% confidence interval (CI) 26.4 to 30.9), labral debridement = +24.7 (95% CI 22.5 to 27.0)), however there was no significant difference between procedures after multivariable modelling. Overall, 66% of cases achieved the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) and 48% achieved substantial clinical benefit at 12 months. Conclusion Both labral procedures were successful in significantly improving early functional outcome following hip arthroscopy, regardless of age or sex. Labral repair was associated with superior outcomes in univariable analysis, however there was no significant superiority demonstrated in the multivariable model. Level of evidence: III Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2022;3(4):291–301.
Spectrally multiplexed indistinguishable single-photon generation at telecom-band
Authors: Yu Hao , Yuan Chenzhi , Zhang Ruiming , Zhang Zichang , Li Hao , Wang You , Deng Guangwei , You Lixing , Song Haizhi , Wang Zhiming , Guo Guang-Can , Zhou Qiang 
Published: April 2022

Heralded single-photon source (HSPS) intrinsically suffers from the trade-off between the heralded single-photon rate and the single-photon purity. To break through this trade-off, one can apply multiplexing technology in different degrees of freedom that significantly improves the performance of the HSPS. Here, we propose a 1.5 μm chip-scale HSPS on lithium niobate on insulator by employing spectral multiplexing and active feed-forward spectral manipulating, and we demonstrate a proof-of-principle experiment with discrete fiber-based components. With continuous-wave laser pumping and three spectral modes multiplexed, our experimental results show that the spectral multiplexing improves the heralded single-photon rate by near threefold while keeping the

g

(
2
)

(
0
)

as low as

0.0006
±
0.0001

at a measured single-photon rate of 3.1 kHz. By measuring the joint spectral intensity, we show that the spectral multiplexing and feed-forward control effectively erase the frequency correlation of photon pairs. Moreover, we implement the Hong–Ou–Mandel interference between the spectrally multiplexed single photons and photons from an independent weak coherence source, which indicates that the multiplexed single photons are highly indistinguishable after the spectral manipulation. Our results pave a way for on-chip scalable and high-performance HSPS with spectral multiplexing toward deterministic single-photon emission.
Development of the Sterile Insect Technique to control the dengue vector Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) in Sri Lanka
Authors: Ranathunge Tharaka , Harishchandra Jeevanie , Maiga Hamidou , Bouyer Jeremy , Gunawardena Y. I. Nilmini Silva , Hapugoda Menaka 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundThe Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) is presently being tested to control dengue in several countries. SIT aims to cause the decline of the target insect population through the release of a sufficient number of sterilized male insects. This induces sterility in the female population, as females that mate with sterilized males produce no offspring. Male insects are sterilized through the use of ionizing irradiation. This study aimed to evaluate variable parameters that may affect irradiation in mosquito pupae.MethodsAnAe.aegypticolony was maintained under standard laboratory conditions. Male and femaleAe.aegyptipupae were separated using a Fay and Morlan glass sorter and exposed to different doses of gamma radiation (40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 Gy) using a Co60source. The effects of radiation on survival, flight ability and the reproductive capacity ofAe.aegyptiwere evaluated under laboratory conditions. In addition, mating competitiveness was evaluated for irradiated maleAe.aegyptimosquitoes to be used for future SIT programmes in Sri Lanka.ResultsSurvival of irradiated pupae was reduced by irradiation in a dose-dependent manner but it was invariably greater than 90% in control, 40, 50, 60, 70 Gy in both male and femaleAe.aegypti. Irradiation didn’t show any significant adverse effects on flight ability of male and female mosquitoes, which consistently exceeded 90%. A similar number of eggs per female was observed between the non-irradiated groups and the irradiated groups for both irradiated males and females. Egg hatch rates were significantly lower when an irradiation dose above 50 Gy was used as compared to 40 Gy in both males and females. Irradiation at higher doses significantly reduced male and female survival when compared to the non-irradiatedAe.aegyptimosquitoes. Competitiveness index (C) scores of sterile and non-sterile males compared with non-irradiated male mosquitoes under laboratory and semi-field conditions were 0.56 and 0.51 respectively at 50 Gy.SignificationBased on the results obtained from the current study, a 50 Gy dose was selected as the optimal radiation dose for the production of sterileAe.aegyptimales for future SIT-based dengue control programmes aiming at the suppression ofAe.aegyptipopulations in Sri Lanka.
Is there a maternal blood biomarker that can predict spontaneous preterm birth prior to labour onset? A systematic review
Authors: Hornaday Kylie K. , Wood Eilidh M. , Slater Donna M. 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionThe ability to predict spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) prior to labour onset is a challenge, and it is currently unclear which biomarker(s), may be potentially predictive of sPTB, and whether their predictive power has any utility. A systematic review was conducted to identify maternal blood biomarkers of sPTB.MethodsThis study was conducted according to PRISMA protocol for systematic reviews. Four databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus) were searched up to September 2021 using search terms: “preterm labor”, “biomarker” and “blood OR serum OR plasma”. Studies assessing blood biomarkers prior to labour onset against the outcome sPTB were eligible for inclusion. Risk of bias was assessed based on the Newcastle Ottawa scale. Increased odds of sPTB associated with maternal blood biomarkers, as reported by odds ratios (OR), or predictive scores were synthesized. This review was not prospectively registered.ResultsSeventy-seven primary research articles met the inclusion criteria, reporting 278 unique markers significantly associated with and/or predictive of sPTB in at least one study. The most frequently investigated biomarkers were those measured during maternal serum screen tests for aneuploidy, or inflammatory cytokines, though no single biomarker was clearly predictive of sPTB based on the synthesized evidence. Immune and signaling pathways were enriched within the set of biomarkers and both at the level of protein and gene expression.ConclusionThere is currently no known predictive biomarker for sPTB. Inflammatory and immune biomarkers show promise, but positive reporting bias limits the utility of results. The biomarkers identified may be more predictive in multi-marker models instead of as single predictors. Omics-style studies provide promising avenues for the identification of novel (and multiple) biomarkers. This will require larger studies with adequate power, with consideration of gestational age and the heterogeneity of sPTB to identify a set of biomarkers predictive of sPTB.
Oral vitamin A supplementation in preterm infants to improve health outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Phattraprayoon Nanthida , Ungtrakul Teerapat , Soonklang Kamonwan , Susantitaphong Paweena 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveTo determine the effects of oral vitamin A supplementation on clinical outcomes in preterm infants.DesignWe conducted the meta-analysis by searching PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Embase, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library databases from inception to 12 August 2021, including reference lists of retrieved articles. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effects of oral vitamin A on premature babies were included. We used a random-effects model to calculate risk ratios (RRs) and weighted mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We used the GRADE approach to grade evidence quality and assess how oral vitamin A supplementation affects clinical outcomes.Main outcomes measuresThe primary outcomes were respiratory outcomes, including the length of respiratory support, the need for oxygen at 36 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA), and moderate-to-severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) at 36 weeks PMA. Secondary outcomes were hospitalization time, vitamin A status, mortality, other related outcomes, and potential adverse drug-related events.ResultsWe included four RCTs, with 800 patients total. In all trials, oral vitamin A treatment was compared to a placebo. Oral vitamin A supplementation did not significantly affect mechanical ventilation duration (MD, −1.07 days; 95% CI, −2.98 to 0.83 days), oxygen requirement at 36 weeks PMA (RR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.33 to 1.31), or moderate-to-severe BPD at 36 weeks PMA (RR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.07 to 4.17). However, oral vitamin A supplementation yielded a slightly shorter noninvasive ventilation duration (MD, −0.96 days; 95% CI, −1.59 to −0.33 days).ConclusionsAdministering oral vitamin A to preterm newborns did not alter the mechanical ventilation duration, oxygen needed at 36 weeks PMA, moderate-to-severe BPD at 36 weeks PMA, death, or short-term benefits. However, oral vitamin A supplementation may slightly affect the duration of noninvasive respiratory support without adverse drug-related events.