bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid Development of a Mucosal Nanoparticle Flu Vaccine by Genetic Engineering of Bacteriophage T4 using CRISPR-Cas
Authors: Li Mengling , Chen Cen , Wang Xialin , Guo Pengju , Feng Helong , Zhang Xueqi , Zhang Wanpo , Gu Changqin , Zhu Jingen , Wen Guoyuan , Rao Venigalla B. , Tao Pan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMucosal vaccines that can induce local mucosal immune responses and combat the pathogens at entry sites are considered to be the most effective way to prevent infection. A universal platform that can be customized for development of mucosal vaccines against any given pathogen is therefore highly desired. Here, we demonstrate an efficient approach to develop nasal mucosal vaccines through genetic engineering of T4 phage to generate antigen-decorated nanoparticles. The antigen coding sequence was inserted into T4 genome in-frame at the C terminus of Soc (small outer capsid protein) using the CRISPR-Cas phage editing technology. During the propagation of recombinant T4 phages in E. coli, the Soc-antigen fusion proteins self-assemble on T4 capsids to form antigen-decorated nanoparticles that have intrinsic adjuvant activity and mucosal adhesive property. As a proof of concept, we showed that intranasal immunization with Flu viral M2e-decorated T4 nanoparticles efficiently induced local mucosal as well as systemic immune responses and provided complete protections against divergent influenza viruses in a mouse model. Potentially, our platform can be customized for any respiratory pathogen to rapidly generate mucosal vaccines against future emerging epidemics and pandemics.
Structural basis for the unique multifaceted interaction of DPPA3 with the UHRF1 PHD finger
Authors: Hata Keiichi , Kobayashi Naohiro , Sugimura Keita , Qin Weihua , Haxholli Deis , Chiba Yoshie , Yoshimi Sae , Hayashi Gosuke , Onoda Hiroki , Ikegami Takahisa , Mulholland Christopher B. , Nishiyama Atsuya , Nakanishi Makoto , Leonhardt Heinrich , Konuma Tsuyoshi , Arita Kyohei 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTUbiquitin-like with PHD and RING finger domain-containing protein 1 (UHRF1)-dependent DNA methylation is essential for maintaining cell fate during cell proliferation. Developmental pluripotency-associated 3 (DPPA3) is an intrinsically disordered protein that specifically interacts with UHRF1 and promotes passive DNA demethylation by inhibiting UHRF1 chromatin localization. However, the molecular basis of how DPPA3 interacts with and inhibits UHRF1 remains unclear. We aimed to determine the structure of the mouse UHRF1 plant homeodomain (PHD) complexed with DPPA3 using nuclear magnetic resonance. Induced α- helices in DPPA3 upon binding of UHRF1 PHD contribute to stable complex formation with multifaceted interactions, unlike canonical ligand proteins of the PHD domain. Mutations in the binding interface and unfolding of the DPPA3 helical structure inhibited binding to UHRF1 and its chromatin localization. Our results provide structural insights into the mechanism and specificity underlying the inhibition of UHRF1 by DPPA3.
Opaque selling vs traditional selling: optimal decisions for service providers in a competitive market
Authors: Chen Ting , Yang Feng , Shan Feifei , Xu Fengmei 
Published: June 2022

PurposeOpaque selling has become popular among service providers in recent years. Although many researchers have investigated the optimality of opaque selling for service providers focusing on heterogeneous consumers, one question remaining unexplored is how the service providers’ optimal decisions are impacted by competitive intensity in a heterogeneous market. This paper aims to determine the conditions under which opaque selling is optimal for competing service providers.Design/methodology/approachThe paper takes a Hotelling model to characterize the competition between two service providers. The authors also consider the interaction between the service providers and intermediary. Service providers act as game leaders and determine whether they should cooperate with the intermediary to introduce the opaque service.FindingsThe authors find that two competing service providers do not always benefit from opaque selling in a heterogeneous market consisting of leisure and business consumers, and the competitive intensity plays a significant role in the service providers’ decision optimization. Opaque selling allows service providers to acquire more profit in a highly competitive market or when the market contains a large proportion of leisure consumers. Otherwise, it is optimal for service providers without introducing the opaque selling.Practical implicationsThe paper examines the optimality of opaque selling for competing service providers, and provides the suggestions to optimize the service providers’ decisions.Originality/valueThe paper investigates how the service providers’ optimal decisions are impacted by competitive intensity, considering the interaction between the service providers and intermediary.
Real-time estimation of the heat transfer coefficient of pitot tubes undergoing freezing
Authors: Diniz Steve B. , Pacheco César C. 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify freezing in pitot tubes at real-time, by means of the estimated heat transfer coefficient (HTC) at the tip of the probe. The prompt identification of such freezing is paramount to activate and control mechanisms for ice removal, which in turn are essential for the safety of the aircraft and its passengers.

Design/methodology/approach
The proposed problem is solved by means of an inverse analysis, performed within the Bayesian approach of inverse problems, with temperature measurements assumed available along the pitot probe over time. A heat conduction model is used for describing the average temperature of the pitot tube, which is then rewritten in the form of a state estimation problem. The model is linear and time invariant, so that the inverse problem can be solved using the steady-state Kalman filter (SSKF), a computationally efficient algorithm.

Findings
The results show that the SSKF is fully capable of recovering the HTC information from the temperature measurements. Any variation of the HTC – either smooth or discontinuous – is promptly detected with high accuracy. Computational effort is significantly lower than the physical time, so that the proposed methodology is fully capable of estimating the HTC at real-time.

Originality/value
The methodology herein solves the proposed problem not only by estimating the HTC accurately but also doing so with a very small computational effort, so that real-time estimation and freezing control become possible. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no likewise publications have been found so far.
E-records management practices in public universities: a developing country perspective
Authors: Chaputula Aubrey Harvey 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the management of electronic records (e-records) in public universities in Malawi.

Design/methodology/approach
This study adopted a case study research design that made use of predominantly qualitative research methods. Data was collected at three study sites, namely, Mzuzu University, Malawi University of Science and Technology and the Malawi University of Business and Applied Sciences. A purposive sample of three officers per institution (and nine in total) comprising executive officers, deputy university registrar, records clerk, information and communication technology (ICT) directors and ICT manager was attained. The researcher personally conducted the interviews with the research subjects with the aid of interview guides. Observations were also done, whose findings were recorded in the observation protocols. The data collected was transcribed in MS Word, coded and analysed thematically.

Findings
This study concluded that e-records are at high risk in public universities in Malawi. Irrespective of this situation, this study found that there were some areas for e-records to potentially thrive in public universities in Malawi.

Research limitations/implications
This study covers three of the six public universities in Malawi. Although public universities in Malawi have similar governance structures, there are some noticeable differences that distinguish one institution from the other. It is, therefore, possible that findings made in this study may not completely represent the prevailing situation in all public universities.

Originality/value
Studies of this nature have not been done before in public universities in Malawi. It is, therefore, hoped that besides filling the existing knowledge gap, its findings will contribute to policy and practical interventions that will lead to efficiency of the universities involved.
Miniaturized triple notch metamaterial sensor for solid dielectric characterization with improved sensitivity
Authors: Singh Kunal Kumar , Kumar Mahto Santosh , Sinha Rashmi , Priye Vishnu 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to retrieve the dielectric constant of the material under test (MUT) by using an empirical relationship, which relates the dielectric properties with all three resonant frequencies of the proposed sensor. Each notch of the sensor is analyzed for sensitivity by using 15 different MUTs with relative permittivity ranging from 1.006 to 16.5 with a fixed dimension of 12 mm × 12 mm × 1.2 mm.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, we present a triple-notch metamaterial-based sensor for the solid dielectric characterization based on a microstrip transmission line and a direct coupled-double split ring resonator (DC-DSRR). The proposed sensor is designed, and its response is measured using a vector network analyzer to verify the concept. The shift in the resonant frequencies of the proposed sensor owing to contact with MUT is depicted as a function of permittivity using the curve fitting tool.

Findings
The proposed sensors have three notches, with the third notch being more sensitive than the first and second notch because of the high resonance frequency. For the first, second and third resonances, the proposed sensor has sensitivity ranges from 4.9% to 14.68%, 8.97% to 23.95% and 15.48% to 29.36%, respectively. The findings of the simulations, measurements and formulations are all in good accord.

Originality/value
In comparison to previous solid dielectric metamaterial sensors, the proposed triple-notch sensor based on a microstrip transmission line and DC-DSRR has the following advantages: it has a simple unit-cell structure and meets the needs of miniaturization, compact size, low cost and improved sensitivity. It determines the relative permittivity using all three notches so that the accuracy of the measurement is enhanced as compared with single- and double-notch sensors.
Resistance exercise attenuates IKKε phosphorylation and hepatic fat accumulation of obese mice
Authors: Antunes Gabriel Calheiros , de Lima Robson Damasceno , Vieira Renan Fudoli Lins , Macêdo Ana Paula Azevêdo , Muñoz Vitor Rosetto , Zambalde Erika Pereira , Romeiro Caio Felipe , Simabuco Fernando Moreira , Prada Patricia Oliveira , da Silva Adelino Sanchez Ramos , Ropelle Eduardo Rochete , Cintra Dennys Esper , Pauli José Rodrigo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObesity is associated with low‐grade inflammation and disturbances in hepatic metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the effects of resistance exercise on inflammatory signalling related to IκB kinase (IKK) ɛ protein (IKKɛ) and on hepatic fat accumulation in obese mice. Male Swiss mice were distributed into three groups: control (CTL) fed with standard chow; obese (OB) mice induced by a high‐fat diet (HFD); obese exercised (OB + RE) mice fed with HFD and submitted to a resistance exercise training. The resistance exercise training protocol consisted of 20 sets/3 ladder climbs for 8 weeks, three times/week on alternate days. The training overload was equivalent to 70% of the maximum load supported by the rodent. Assays were performed to evaluate weight gain, hepatic fat content, fasting glucose, insulin sensitivity, IKKɛ phosphorylation and proteins related to insulin signalling and lipogenesis in the liver. Mice that received the high‐fat diet showed greater adiposity, impaired insulin sensitivity, increased fasting glucose and increased hepatic fat accumulation. These results were accompanied by an increase in IKKɛ phosphorylation and lipogenesis‐related proteins such as cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) in the liver of obese mice. In contrast, exercised mice showed lower body weight and adiposity evolution throughout the experiment. In addition, resistance exercise suppressed the effects of the high‐fat diet by reducing IKKɛ phosphorylation and hepatic fat content. In conclusion, resistance exercise training improves hepatic fat metabolism and glycaemic homeostasis, which are, at least in part, linked to the anti‐inflammatory effect of reduced IKKɛ phosphorylation in the liver of obese mice.
Writing motivation in Chinese children with developmental dyslexia
Authors: Yeung Pui‐sze 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundRecent models of writing acknowledge the influential role of motivation in writing development. There has been a paucity of research on writing motivation in children. This study investigated writing motivation among Chinese children with developmental dyslexia.MethodsForty‐one Chinese children with developmental dyslexia (RD) in Grades 3 to 5 and their typically developing counterparts matched on age (CA controls) (n = 41) were administered tasks assessing their writing motivation (perceived value of writing and writing apprehension), cognitive‐linguistic skills (word dictation, syntactic skills and working memory), and writing abilities (quality and productivity).ResultsThe results showed that the RD group performed significantly less well than the CA group in all cognitive‐linguistic skills and writing abilities measures. No significant between‐group differences were found in writing motivation measures. Multiple regression analysis results showed that perceived value of writing significantly predicted writing productivity in the RD group and writing quality in the CA group. Word dictation was the only significant predictor of writing quality in both the RD and the CA group.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that writing motivation influences writing performance in Chinese children with developmental dyslexia in elementary grades. Specifically, perceived value of writing predicts writing quality in typically developing Chinese children but predicts only writing productivity, not writing quality, in Chinese children with developmental dyslexia. The impact of writing motivation on writing performance becomes stronger with advances in component skills acquisition.
Understanding autonomy and relationality in men's lives
Authors: Elliott Karla , Roberts Steven , Ralph Brittany , Robards Brady , Savic Michael 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMasculinities scholarship tends toward describing autonomy as bound up with hegemonic masculine ideals such as independence, atomization, and self‐sufficiency, without fully delving into the concept of autonomy. This article offers a more in‐depth conceptual treatment of autonomy, compared to its more simplified rendering in the literature on the dominant relational conceptualizations of masculinities. In doing so, we follow recent calls to avoid categorizing men according to typologies of masculinity, drawing instead on feminist theorizations ofmasculine autonomyandrelationalityto explore how both manifest in men's lives. We draw on a study of men's drinking practices, with our data coming from focus groups with 101 men in metropolitan and regional/rural Victoria, Australia; but the issues we attend to have relevance, and can be an impetus, for further scholarly thinking about autonomy in men's lives well beyond drinking practices, and in other similar industrialized nations. We explore how masculine autonomy remains an influential and harmful discourse, often impeding possibilities for men's greater intimacy, connection and care and reproducing gendered hierarchies. However, we simultaneously highlight how men are inescapably relationally situated, exposing masculine autonomy as a discursive ideal of valorized forms of masculinity rather than an achievable state in practice. We argue that acknowledging how men are relationally embedded and interdependent in practice offers potential avenues for further fostering men's care, intimacy and relationality, and might work toward ameliorating gendered inequalities that see care work and the work of sustaining relational networks disproportionately falling to women and marginalized men.
The social origins and schooling of a scientific elite: Fellows of the Royal Society born from 1900
Authors: Bukodi Erzsébet , Goldthorpe John H. , Steinberg Inga 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe present an analysis of the social composition of the UK scientific elite, as represented by Fellows of the Royal Society, in terms of Fellows' social class origins and type of secondary schooling. From various sources, we have assembled data for 1691 Fellows, representing 80% of our target population of all Fellows born from 1900 onwards whose scientific careers were spent predominantly in the UK. We find that while these elite scientists come largely from more advantaged class backgrounds, it is professional rather than business or managerial families that are the main source of their recruitment—and, increasingly, such families where a parent is in a STEM occupation. Recruitment from working‐class families has declined and for most recent birth cohorts almost ceased. The scientific elite is thus now more homogeneous as regards the social origins of its members than it was in the second half of the twentieth century. At the same time, little change is evident in the secondary schooling of Fellows. In all birth cohorts, between two‐fifths and a half of all—and over two‐thirds of those from more advantaged class backgrounds—were privately educated, although the proportion attending Clarendon schools would seem low compared with that in other elites. A further finding of interest is that some variation in Fellows' class origins and type of schooling exists across different research fields.
Resilience building during the management of the COVID‐19 crisis in Lithuania: Major breakthroughs and incremental change
Authors: Nakrošis Vitalis , Bortkevičiūtė Rasa 
Published: June 2022

AbstractModern societies are facing an increasing number of transboundary systemic threats. The sudden spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has once again highlighted concerns about governments' capacity to deal with disruptions and stressed the need for more resilient governance arrangements. Besides the usual policymaking, the latter might emerge from decisions, made during the crisis management as well. Building on ideas of the new institutionalism, more specifically, the normative logic of appropriateness and the rational logic of consequentiality, we examine how different mechanisms in varying contexts lead to different types of resilience building. Based on the results of pattern matching applied to the Lithuanian case of COVID‐19 crisis management in 2020, we argue that in environments where the logic of consequentiality was dominant, resilience was mostly strengthened because of major breakthroughs, stemming from coercive pressures as well as top‐down policy action from the centre of government. In contrast, more incremental developments contributed to resilience building through normative or mimetic pressures, professionalization, network‐based and bottom‐up practices in environments, where the logic of appropriateness prevailed. We claim that, while the logic of consequentiality helps to strengthen resilience in the context of turbulence, the logic of appropriateness is especially important for ensuring its sustainability.
Design of multi‐pad electrotactile system envisioned as a feedback channel for supernumerary robotic limbs
Authors: Boljanić Tanja , Isaković Milica , Malešević Jovana , Formica Domenico , Di Pino Giovanni , Keller Thierry , Štrbac Matija 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundProviding real‐time haptic feedback is an important, but still not sufficiently explored aspect of the use of supernumerary robotic limbs (SRLs). We present a multi‐pad electrode for conveying multi‐modal proprioceptive and sensory information from SRL to the user's thigh and propose a method for stimuli calibration.MethodsWithin two pilot tests, we investigated return electrode configuration and active electrode discrimination in three healthy subjects to select the appropriate electrode pad topology. Based on the obtained results and anthropometric data from the literature, the electrode was designed to have three branches of 10 pads and two additional pads that can be displaced over/under the electrode branches. The electrode was designed to be connected to the stimulator that allows full multiplexing so that specific branches can serve as a common return electrode. To define the procedure for application of this system, the sensation, localization, and discomfort thresholds applicable for the novel electrode were determined and analyzed in 10 subjects.ResultsThe results showed no overlaps between the three thresholds for individual pads, with significantly different average values, suggesting that the selected electrode positioning and design provide a good active range of useful current amplitude. The results of the subsequent analysis suggested that the stimuli intensity level of 200% of the sensation threshold is the most probable value of the localization threshold. Furthermore, this level ensures a low chance (i.e., 0.7%) of reaching the discomfort.ConclusionsWe believe that envisioned electrotactile system could serve as a high bandwidth feedback channel that can be easily set up to provide proprioceptive and sensory feedback from supernumerary limbs.
Stunting, age at school entry and academic performance in developing countries: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Gansaonré Rabi Joël , Moore Lynne , Bleau Louis‐Philippe , Kobiané Jean‐François , Haddad Slim 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimTo review evidence of the effects of stunting, or height‐for‐age, on schooling level and schooling trajectories, defined as the combination of school entry age, grade repetition and dropouts.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of studies (last update 20 March 2021) that assessed the association between stunting, or height‐for‐age, and at least one component of school trajectory using five databases (PubMed, Embase, Education Resources Information Center [ERIC], Web of Science and PsycINFO). Two independent reviewers performed study selection and data extraction. Pooled effects were calculated using the generic inverse variance weighting random‐effect model. The risk of bias was assessed using the ROBINS‐I tool (PROSPERO ID: CRD42020198346).ResultsWe screened 3944 articles, and 16 were eligible for the qualitative and quantitative syntheses. Meta‐analysis showed that an increase in height‐for‐age leads to an increase in early enrolment [OR = 1.34 (95% CI, 1.07–1.67)], a reduction in late enrolment [OR = 0.63 (95% CI, 0.51–0.78)], an increase in schooling level [MD = 0.24 (95% CI, 0.14–0.34)] and a reduction in school overage [OR = 0.79 (95% CI, 0.70–0.90)]. Stunted children were more likely to repeat a grade than non‐stunted [OR = 1.59 (95% CI, 1.18–2.14)].ConclusionThis review suggests that stunting in childhood might negatively affect school trajectories. Future research should evaluate the effect of stunting on school trajectories and the modification effect of socioeconomic status.