bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controlling Outcomes Succeeding in Safety
Authors:   Blind Corner Solutions
            LLC, German Brent 
Published: November 2022

Safety programs intend to prevent all accidents. What happens when something goes
wrong? Preparing for failure will help your safety program succeed €“ and lessen the
severity of an event when it does occur. This discussion focuses on controlling event
outcomes so that they do not become incidents. Primarily intended for plant managers
and supervisors.
Glycerol polymerization over stable and selective calcium hydroxyapatite
Authors:   Univ. Lille, Dumeignil Franck , Katryniok Benjamin ,   Centrale Lille
            Institut, Ebadi Pour Negissa ,   Centrale Lille
            Institut
Published: November 2022

High catalytic activity and large availability of Ca-based catalysts make them
particulartly attractive for the glycerol polymerization reaction. However, this kind of
catalyts usually suffers from a poor stability under the reactions conditions. We
present herein the use of Ca-hydroxyapatites (HAps), a very abundant Ca source in the
nature, as glycerol polymerization catalysts combining high performance in terms of
selectivity and high resistance to deactivation by leaching. We have synthesized,
characterized and tested Ca-rich, stochiometric and Ca-deficient HAps. The two latter
ones were fully selective to triglycerol at a glycerol conversion of 15Â %, at 245Â Â°C
after 8Â h in the presence of 0.5Â mol.% of catalyst. Under the same reaction
conditions, the Ca-rich HAp was highly selective to di- and triglycerol (88Â %) at a
glycerol conversion of 27Â %. All the catalysts proved to be stable with negligible Ca
species leaching according to the ICP-OES results.
Membrane-based oil and biodiesel washing
Authors:   NEXT-ChemX, Kocherginsky Nikolai 
Published: November 2022

One of the key steps of physical oil refining is washing with aqueous solutions.
It is based on mixing and separation in a mixer-settler or centrifuge. Patented
membrane-based washing allows to conduct washing without direct mixing with water, i.e.
without subsequent separation. Oil and water are separated by a membrane. No
transmembraneÂ pressure is necessary.Â We will present our results of an acid value
improvement in some oils and the removal of glycerol and alkali from biodiesel. The
process is fast and energy-efficient. It does not need clays,Â is water- and oil-saving,
and is easy to scale up.
The Analysis and Authentication of Avocado Oil using High Field- & Low
Field-NMR
Authors:   The Ohio State
            University, Tang Fenfen , Hatzakis Emmanuel ,   The Ohio State
            University, Green Hilary ,   University of California,
            Davis, Wang Selina ,   University of California,
            Davis
Published: November 2022

The popularity of avocado oil has increased among consumers due to its
organoleptic properties and health-promoting effects. Avocado oil in the US market has
been found to be adulterated with cheaper oils like other high-value edible oils, such
as olive oil, or of poor quality. A variety of analytical methods, including
chromatography and spectroscopy, have been used to evaluate the quality and purity of
avocado oils. In addition, recently, high-resolution (HR) NMR has been successfully
applied to determine fatty acid contents and to discriminate avocado oil from other
vegetable oils. Despite their advantages, these methods suffer from several weaknesses.
For example, they can be either labor-intensive and time-consuming, or expensive and
requiring highly skilled experts. LF-NMR has been utilized for the analysis of many food
products. It is more affordable, user-friendly, and fits well in an industrial
environment, in addition to being rapid and non-destructive. However, most of the LF-NMR
applications involve relaxometry instead of spectroscopy, which limits its potential in
food analysis. As LF-NMR has been developed into a more powerful and versatile tool over
decades,Â here we applied LF-NMR with chemometrics to distinguish avocado oil from other
vegetable oils, including olive, canola, soybean, high-oleic (HO) safflower and HO
sunflower oil, and validated the results by fatty acids and triacylglycerols profiling
using GC-FID and HPLS-CAD, respectively. With the exploitation of advanced multivariate
data analysis, such as Random Forest, LF-NMR provided comparable discrimination
performance of different types of vegetable oils to HR-NMR, despite the challenges of
high oleic oils. LF-NMR combinedÂ with PLS regression wasÂ ableÂ toÂ efficientlyÂ and
rapidly determineÂ fatty acid contents using GC-FID as the reference method for
modeling. LF-NMR was shown to have the potential for monitoring avocado oil processing
and authentication in many sectors, as an alternative orÂ complementary method to
conventional food analysis instrumentations.
Biobased composites from renewable monomers and cellulosic reinforcements by
photoinduced processes
Authors:   Politecnico di
            Torino, Dalle Vacche Sara 
Published: November 2022

Polymeric materials are under tremendous pressure for improving their greenness:
despite their important role in several essential aspects of human life, in public
opinion they are mostly associated with single-use plastics pollution and use of fossil
resources. Sustainable polymer-based materials may be prepared from biobased monomers
and polymers, through photoinduced processes. Owing to low energy requirements, high
reaction rates at room temperature, and low VOC emissions, photoinduced polymerization
is recognized as a green technology. Among the biobased monomers explored in this field,
those derived from cardanol (a natural phenolic lipid obtained from cashew nutshell
liquid) and from unsaturated vegetable oils, such as soybean oil, are interesting for
industrial applications, beingÂ commercially available.However, polymers obtained by
photoinduced polymerization of biobased monomers often have low thermomechanical
properties; biobased monomers are thus typically used as co-monomers to increase the
biobased content of fossil-based polymers, in non-structural applications, such as
coating or adhesives, or are added with reinforcements to obtain composite materials.
The latter option is particularly interesting when natural fillers, such as cellulosic
fibers, are used, thus obtaining fully biobased composites. In our group we
exploited photoinduced reactions to produce compositesÂ from biobased monomers, using
wood-based microfibrillated cellulose and nanocellulose from hemp waste fibers as
reinforcements. Two routes were explored: (i) epoxidized and (meth)acrylated monomers
derived from cardanol and from soybean oil, were polymerized by photoinduced radical or
cationic chain growth reactions; (ii) copolymer latexes obtained from derivatives of
eugenol and coumarin were crosslinked through a photocycloaddition reaction. In the
latter case, the potential reversibility of the crosslinking was explored in view of
recyclability. The photoinduced polymerization and crosslinking reactions were
studied by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and UV-visible spectroscopies; high degrees
of conversion were obtained. The thermal, mechanical, and functional properties of these
composites make them interesting for e.g packaging applications.
Plant oil based radically polymerizable monomers for sustainable polymers
Authors:   ICGM, Caillol Sylvain 
Published: November 2022

We have focuses our studies on the synthesis of novel biobased monomers designed
for free radical polymerization which could increase the biomass carbon content pursuing
to equal or improve the performance of existing polymers from non-renewable sources.
Cardanol, which is a natural phenolic oil, is issued from Cashew Nutshell Liquid (CNSL),
a non-edible renewable resource, co-produced from cashew industry in large commercial
volumes (1Mt p.a.). Cardanol is non-toxic and particularly suitable for the addition of
aromatic renewable resources in polymers and materials. We recently reported various
routes for the synthesis of di- and poly-functional building blocks derived from
cardanol thereafter used in polymer syntheses. We especially synthesized a new radically
polymerizable cardanol-derived monomer. Hence, we synthesized cardanol-based aromatic
latex by radical aqueous emulsion (and miniemulsion) polymerization. We also synthesized
UV-reactive cardanol-derived latex for styrene-free coating applications.
Vegetable oils and their fatty acids (FAs) derivatives have become the most
promising alternative solution to design performant bio-based polymers. However,
considering the poor reactivity of the internal unsaturation of FAs through radical
process, most currently available synthesis of monomers reported in literature are
limited to polycondensation. Therefore, the objective of our work was to synthesize
monomers from fatty acids bearing reactive function through radical process and evaluate
their resulting methacrylate polymers as viscosity modifiers in various oils such as
mineral or vegetable oils.
Selective monoallylation of anilines to form fine chemicals using allyl alcohol
derived from glycerol
Authors:   AIST, Kon Yoshihiro 
Published: November 2022

Glycerol is an important starting material for the production of value-added
chemicals such as electronic materials and pharmaceuticals. We herein present a
selective allylation reaction using allyl alcohol which is given fromÂ glycerol. First,
we show the rhenium catalyzed high-yielding synthesis of allyl alcohol from glycerol
through deoxydehydration reaction. Next, the selective N-allyl aniline synthesis from
allyl alcohol with aniline is performed. The well-dispersed tungsten oxide supported on
zirconium oxide can catalyze the reaction to produce the corresponding mono-allyl
compound over 97% selectivity using a flow reactor. The developed catalyst is applicable
to the production of various N-monoallyl anilines without the formation of N,N-diallyl
anilines.
High throughput authenticity screening of high value edible oils with benchtop
NMR
Authors:   Oxford Instruments, Sagar James , Kemsley Kate ,   Quadram Institute
            Bioscience, Lachenmann Marcel ,   Oxford Instruments
            Inc., Brignall Rachel ,   Oxford Instruments
            Inc., Brignall Yvonne ,   Quadram Institute
            Bioscience
Published: November 2022

The high value of edible oils such as olive and argan makes them economically
attractive targets for adulteration. Argan oil is becoming increasingly widely used in
areas from cooking to cosmetics due to its reported pharmacological effects. Because
argan oil is recognised as a Protected Geographical Indication product of its native
Morocco, supply is limited. These two factors have led to argan oil becoming one of the
most expensive edible oils in the world, leading to increasing numbers of cases of
adulteration.As a typical nut oil, argan oil is composed predominantly of triglycerides.
In previous work with similar oils as well as meat speciation using animal fats,
benchtop NMR analysis has been able to determine authenticity through measurement of the
fatty acid composition of these triglycerides. Using samples of argan oil of documented
origin, typical values of monounsaturated fatty acid content (47%) and polyunsaturated
fatty acid content (32%) were determined. In addition, a group of compositional
parameters that distinguish authentic argan oil has been determined. Using integrals
derived from simple 1H one-dimensional benchtop NMR spectra, a nearest-neighbour class
model has been developed to identify authentic and adulterated argan oil with minimal
sample preparation and a measurement time of less than five minutes. The screening
method identified several adulterated examples of argan oil in samples purchased at
retail. More recently, it has been demonstrated that by applying a rank transformation
pre-treatment to magnitude mode 1H NMR data this technique can be made robust across
several instruments at different sites with different specifications and operators. This
ensures consistency of results and opens the path to this technique becoming field
deployable. This method can be extended to determine the authenticity of other
high value edible oils including, olive, coconut, and avocado, clearly demonstrating the
potential of benchtop NMR in ensuring food authenticity.
Artificial Intelligence smelling machines based on multidimensional gas
chromatography: Capturing extra-virgin olive oil aroma blueprint and unique
identity
Authors:   Universiti  Degli Studi di
            Torino, Cordero Chiara Emilia , Liberto Erica ,   Universiti  Degli Studi di
            Torino, Stilo Federico ,   Universiti  Degli Studi di
            Torino, Bizzo Humberto ,   Embrapa AgroindÃºstria de
            Alimentos, Cuadros Rodriguez Luis ,   Univesity of
            Granada, Squara Simone ,   Universiti  Degli Studi di
            Torino, Reichenbach Stephen ,   University of Nebraska
            Lincoln
Published: November 2022

Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass
spectrometry (GCÃ—GC-TOF MS) has been recently applied as core technology of a
Sensomics-based expert system (SEBES) capable to predict key-aroma signatures of food
without using human olfaction. The strategy, also referred to as Artificial Intelligence
Smelling, conceptually opens many different opportunities for odorants pattern
detection, accurate quantification avoiding time-consuming sample preparation/extraction
steps, and samples sensory qualification/discrimination based on computer vision
strategies.Â The contribution illustrates the potentials of GCÃ—GC platforms in
the context of Artificial Intelligence Smelling for extra-virgin olive oils selected
within high-quality productions from Italy and Brazil. In particular, by accurate
quantification of key-aroma compounds and potent odorants strongly correlated to sensory
defects, samplesâ€™ aroma bluperint is captured and used to discriminate oils based on
their peculiar hedonic features. The application of combined untargeted and
targeted (UT) fingerprinting strategy of 2D-data patterns enables effective
discrimination between oils produced in different Italian Regions and between oils from
Italy and Brazil independently by processing technologies and olives cultivars. This
identitation process has great potentials being an effective fingerprinting strategy
while providing, at the same time, high level information on chemical composition as a
detailed profiling.
Metabolic fingerprinting strategies for authentication challenge: EVOO adulterated
by soft deodorized olive oil
Authors:   ARP Lipids
            Consulting, Hajslova Jana , Valli Enrico ,   Alma Mater Studiorum -
            Universiti  di Bologna, Navratilova Klara ,   University of Chemistry and
            Technology, Prague, Gallina Toschi Tullia ,   University of
            Bologna
Published: November 2022

Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is a high value commodity that might be subject of
various fraudulent practices. One of them, addition of lower grade, soft-deodorized
olive oil to EVOO has recently become of concern, as such adulterant detection is not an
easy task. In this study, aqueous methanolic extracts of a unique set of authentic
EVOOs, soft-deodorized oils and their admixtures obtained within the OLEUM EU project
(http://www.oleumproject.eu/) were investigated. Using ultra-high performance liquid
chromatography coupled to hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight high-resolution tandem mass
spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-HRMS/MS) for metabolomic fingerprinting, followed by
Â multi-dimensional chemometric evaluation, Â´marker ionsÂ´ were recognized. Some
molecules identified, whose etiology must be investigated, were: the methyl ester of
hydroxy octadecenoic acid and a ester derivative of oleic acid.Â As far as these
markers can be confirmed as diagnostic, detection of soft-deodorized olive oil addition
can be enabled through a simpler and highly sensitive target analysis employing high
performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry
(HPLC-QqQ-MS/MS).
Update on the progress of the Codex Alimentarius standard for avocado oil
Authors:   USDA ARS NCAUR, Winkler-Moser Jill 
Published: November 2022

Codex Alimentarius is a collection of international food standards aimed at
protecting human health and removing barriers to international trade. The Codex
Committee on Fats and Oils (CCFO) is responsible for the development of world-wide
standards for fats and oils of animal, vegetable, and marine origin. With the rapid
increase in the production, international trade, and value of avocado oil, an
international standard is needed to ensure the authenticity and purity of avocado oil.
The CCFO has undertaken work on a revision to the Codex Standard for Named Vegetable
Oils to include a definition and provisions for the chemical and physical
characteristics of avocado oil. This includes provisions for fatty acid composition,
chemical and physical characteristics, sterol content and composition, as well as
tocopherol and tocotrienol content and composition. This will be an overview of the
progress of the committee, Â the current draft provisions, and the upcoming work and
data that are needed in order to finalize and adopt avocado oil into the Standard for
Named Vegetable Oils.
Antioxidants from plant food and aquatic species
Authors:   Memorial Univ of
            Newfoundland, Shahidi Fereidoon 
Published: November 2022

Occurrence of compounds with antioxidant potential is widespread in plant foods
but less common in animal tissues, including the aquatic species. These compounds are
generally phenolic in nature but may also include phytates and biopeptides, among
others. The antioxidant effects are mainly rendered through free radical scavenging and
prooxidant metal ion chelation. The processing by-products are very rich in highly
bioactive components and these may be exemplified by their presence in lentil hulls and
processing discards of sea cucumber.Â The presentation will provide details about the
chemical nature of the bioactive components present and their potential uses as
functional food ingredients which would help a circular economy with valorization of
processing discards.
Epoxides are major products in oxidation of methyl oleate and linoleate and their
triacylglycerols
Authors:   Rutgers University, Kandrac Morgan , Schaich Karen ,   Rutgers
            University
Published: November 2022

Lipid autoxidation poses a significant problem for stabilizing sensory quality,
nutritional value, and chemical safety of lipid containing foods. Peroxide value and
volatile carbonyls are the most measured markers to assess oxidation, but products such
as epoxides and alcohols are now being identified and quantified in foods. The
mechanisms and conditions under which other products form are poorly understood,
particularly how lipid structure and oxidation conditions affect reaction pathways,
products, and rates. This research paper aims to show how number of double bonds affects
oxidation product formation, how oxidation temperature affects reaction rates and
product formation and decomposition, and how open or closed packaging systems affect
reaction rates.Methyl oleate and methyl linoleate were autoxidized neat and incubated at
25, 40, or 60Â Â°C for various incubation periods. Class assays for quantification of
oxidation products included the following: conjugated dienes by UV absorbance at 233 nm;
peroxide value by reaction with TPP; epoxide value by reaction with
diethydithiocarbamate; soluble carbonyls by reaction with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine.
Direct separation of oxidation products was performed using NP-HPLC with detection and
quantitation by UV and Corona Charged Aerosol (CAD) detection. Alternate
autoxidation products competed with the formation of hydroperoxides in both autoxidizing
oleate and linoleate.Â Epoxides were found to be the dominant product in oleate
autoxidized at 25 C, reaching a maximum value of 69.2 mmol/mol lipid, while peroxide
value reached a maximum of 23.71 mmol/mol lipid. Epoxides were also found to be a major
product in linoleate autoxidation reaching a maximum value of 357.5 mmol/mol lipid at 25
C, while peroxide value reached a maximum of 357.1 mmol/mol lipid. For both oxidized
oleate and linoleate, rate of epoxide formation competed with that of hydroperoxides,
demonstrating that alternate reactions are active and important in directing the
reaction rates and product distributions of autoxidizing lipids.
Recent achievements in the industrial scale-up of EcoXtract® solution, the
sustainable and safe hexane alternative to extract efficiently vegetable oils and
plant-based proteins
Authors:   Pennakem Europa, Dufour Gabriel 
Published: November 2022

EcoXtract® provides a hexane-free and highly-efficient processing solution to
extract safely and sustainably oils and plant proteins from oilseeds and grains. This
innovative extraction system uses a lipophilic extraction solvent with a high purity
content of >99.9% of Methyloxolane, a bio-based molecule upcycled from agricultural
waste such as sugar cane residues. In 2021, Pennakem Europa, together with 4 European
partners and a financial support from the European Union, adapted a 10 Tons/day
hexane-based extraction unit located in the United Kingdom, New Holland Extraction. The
plant successfully started with a soy processing campaign in October 2021 using
Methyloxolane as lipophilic solvent with the same extraction and desolventization
equipment. This presentation will describe the main modifications to implement
EcoXtract® solution in a hexane-based plant and will focus on the latest major
achievements to upscale this technology at industrial scale, including an update on
regulatory approvals in various geographies.