bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bilevel optimization for joint scheduling of production and energy systems
Authors: Leenders Ludger , Hagedorn Dörthe Franzisca , Djelassi Hatim , Bardow André , Mitsos Alexander 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEnergy-intensive production sites are often supplied with energy by on-site energy systems. Commonly, the scheduling of the systems is performed sequentially, starting with the scheduling of the production system. Often, the on-site energy system is operated by a different company than the production system. In consequence, the production and the energy system schedule their operation towards misaligned objectives leading in general to suboptimal schedules for both systems. To reflect the independent optimization with misaligned objectives, the scheduling problem of the production system can be formulated as a bilevel problem. We formulate the bilevel problem with mixed-integer decision variables in the upper and the lower level, and propose an algorithm to solve this bilevel problem based on the deterministic and global algorithm by Djelassi, Glass and Mitsos (J Glob Optim 75:341–392, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10898-019-00764-3) for bilevel problems with coupling equality constraints. The algorithm works by discretizing the independent lower-level variables. In the scheduling problem considered herein, the only coupling equality constraints are energy balances in the lower level. Since an intuitive distinction is missing between dependent and independent variables, we specialize the algorithm and add a procedure to identify independent variables to be discretized. Thereby, we preserve convergence guarantees. The performance of the algorithm is demonstrated in two case studies. In the case studies, the production system favors different technologies for the energy supply than the energy system. By solving the bilevel problem, the production system identifies an energy demand, which leads to minimal cost. Additionally, we demonstrate the benefits of solving the bilevel problem instead of solving the common integrated or sequential problem.
Transcriptome Profile of a Long-Juvenile Soybean Genotype Huaxia-3 Under Short and Long Photoperiod
Authors: Sapey Enoch , Jiang Bingjun , Liu Luping , Yuan Shan , Wu Tingting , Ibrahim Seifeldin Elrayah , Sun Shi , Yue Yanlei , Han Tianfu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe j allele delays flowering and enhances yield of long juvenile (LJ) soybean under short day (SD) condition. However, the underlying mechanism of j in flowering pathway of soybean is not fully known. The objective of the study is to profile the transcriptome of Huaxia-3 (HX3), a typical long juvenile soybean variety with a loss of function allele (j) for the J gene. This helps to identify the genes implicated in delayed flowering in the long juvenile soybean variety and the pathways involved. Phenotypic analysis revealed HX3-delayed flowering and matured later than the transgenic line with the functional J gene under SD. RNA-Seq analysis was conducted to compare the transcriptome of HX3 relative to the one overexpressing J gene under SD and long day (LD). A total of 674,800,494 clean reads were generated, of which 626,517,161 (93%) were uniquely mapped to the soybean reference genome. A total of 31 and 2311 genes were differentially expressed in the HX3 under SD and LD conditions respectively. The circadian rhythm pathway was the most significantly enriched pathway in the HX3 under SD condition. The GmELF3a (Glyma.04G050200) and FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) genes such as GmFT2a (Glyma.16G150700) and GmFT5a (Glyma.16G044100) were downregulated, whiles GmFT4 (Glyma.08G363100) was upregulated in the HX3 under SD. Under LD FT homologs, GmFT4 (Glyma.08G363100) was downregulated and GmFT1a (Glyma.18G299000) was upregulated. Our study suggests that these FT homologs may be involved in delayed flowering of LJ soybean under SD.
Can EQ-5D-3L utility values of low back pain patients be validly predicted by the Oswestry Disability Index for use in cost-effectiveness analyses?
Authors: Pellekooren Sylvia , Ben Ângela J. , Bosmans Judith E. , Ostelo Raymond W. J. G. , van Tulder Maurits W. , Maas Esther T. , Huygen Frank J. P. M. , Oosterhuis Teddy , Apeldoorn Adri T. , van Hooff Miranda L. , van Dongen Johanna M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPurposeTo assess whether regression modeling can be used to predict EQ-5D-3L utility values from the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) in low back pain (LBP) patients for use in cost-effectiveness analysis.MethodsEQ-5D-3L utility values of LBP patients were estimated using their ODI scores as independent variables using regression analyses, while adjusting for case-mix variables. Six different models were estimated: (1) Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression, with total ODI score, (2) OLS, with ODI item scores as continuous variables, (3) OLS, with ODI item scores as ordinal variables, (4) Tobit model, with total ODI score, (5) Tobit model, with ODI item scores as continuous variables, and (6) Tobit model, with ODI item scores as ordinal variables. The models’ performance was assessed using explained variance (R2) and root mean squared error (RMSE). The potential impact of using predicted instead of observed EQ-5D-3L utility values on cost-effectiveness outcomes was evaluated in two empirical cost-effectiveness analysis.ResultsComplete individual patient data of 18,692 low back pain patients were analyzed. All models had a more or less similarR2(range 45–52%) and RMSE (range 0.21–0.22). The two best performing models produced similar probabilities of cost-effectiveness for a range of willingness-to-pay (WTP) values compared to those based on the observed EQ-5D-3L values. For example, the difference in probabilities ranged from 2 to 5% at a WTP of 50,000 €/QALY gained.ConclusionResults suggest that the ODI can be validly used to predict low back pain patients’ EQ-5D-3L utility values and QALYs for use in cost-effectiveness analyses.
What is Inclusive Development? Introducing the Multidimensional Inclusiveness Index
Authors: Dörffel Christoph , Schuhmann Sebastian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDespite decreasing global poverty, feelings of increasing inequalities drive growing dissatisfaction with development outcomes. Inclusive development benefiting larger parts of societies will be perceived as more legitimate. Yet, there is neither a thorough agreement on what constitutes inclusive development nor a convenient measurement tool. The purpose of this paper is to address both these shortcomings in the literature. We derive a notion of inclusive development that is human-based and acknowledges all factors important for well-being. With the introduction of the Multidimensional Inclusiveness Index (MDI), we address the conceptual drawbacks of prominent approaches like the Human Development Index (HDI), Inequality-Adjusted Human Development Index and Inclusive Development Index (IDI) and extend the available data sample (by 50% compared to the HDI). The MDI consists of two subindices—one on development equity and development achievements each—and is calculated in three versions for up to 171 countries for the years 1960–2018. By applying principal component analysis, we rely on the structure of the underlying data for the aggregation of the 14 variables into the subindices. The subindices are aggregated by geometric mean. We show that regional development patterns are captured and major political events reflected in MDI country trends. Despite correlations resulting from data similarities, the MDI provides new insights when compared to HDI, IDI and gross domestic product . All three MDI versions display increasing global averages over time. These positive trends are largely driven by improvements in the achievements dimension. Despite optimistic trends in recent years, equity considerations deserve a stronger emphasis in development concepts.
Structural Diversity of Organic Contaminants in a meso-scaled River System
Authors: Schwanen Christina A. , Schwarzbauer Jan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDue to intensive anthropogenic usage, a complex mixture of inorganic and organic contaminants entered and still enters freshwater systems, released by various activities and emission sources. However, because of the highly dynamic nature of rivers, the individual occurrence, fate, and behavior, especially of organic contaminants, are highly complex and not fully understood. Here, a GC/MS non-target screening was applied to identify and determine the chemical diversity in the aqueous phase of the meso-scaled Rur river and to categorize indicative and relevant contaminants according to their load profiles for a distinct emission characteristic. Besides very well-known or widespread lipophilic to semi-polar contaminants, also so far unknown or only sporadically identified substances have been detected. In particular, wastewater treatment plants and the paper industry have been identified as major emission sources. Additionally, temporal variations in organic contamination were investigated over three sampling campaigns (2004, 2015, and 2020). Within this timespan, the overall composition of the contamination in the Rur has changed slightly, but nevertheless, the high chemical diversity remained. A detailed consideration such as that undertaken in this study is necessary as the occurrence of substances in a river system depends on many different factors. For a holistic assessment of environmental behavior, not only the sampling locations and associated development of emission profiles must be considered but also temporal variations and mitigation measures. Such a multi-parameter scenario provides an important basis for the mitigation and reduction of organic pollutants in our environment.
Different micro/nano-scale patterns of surface materials influence osteoclastogenesis and actin structure
Authors: Akasaka Tsukasa , Tamai Miho , Yoshimura Yoshitaka , Ushijima Natsumi , Numamoto Shinichiro , Yokoyama Atsuro , Miyaji Hirofumi , Takata Ryo , Yamagata Shuichi , Sato Yoshiaki , Nakanishi Ko , Yoshida Yasuhiro 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe surface topography of a material can influence osteoclast activity. However, the surface structural factors that promote osteoclast activity have not yet been investigated in detail. Therefore, we investigated osteoclastogenesis by testing various defined patterns with different dimensions and shapes. The systematic patterns, made of a cyclo-olefin polymer, were prepared at a micron-, submicron-, and nano-scale with a groove, hole, or pillar shape with a 1:1 pitch ratio. RAW264.7 cells were cultured on these patterns in the presence of the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL). Osteoclast formation was induced in the order: pillar > groove ≥ hole. The two-dimensional factors also indicated that submicron-sized patterns strongly induced osteoclast formation. The optimal pillar dimension for osteoclast formation was 500 nm in diameter and 2 µm in height. Furthermore, we observed two types of characteristic actin structure, i.e., belt-like structures with small hollow circles and isolated ring-like structures, which formed on or around the pillars depending on size and height. Furthermore, resorption pits were observed mainly on the top of calcium phosphate-coated pillars. Thus, osteoclasts prefer convex shapes, such as pillars for differentiation and resorption. Our results indicate that osteoclastogenesis can be controlled by designing surfaces with specific morphologies.
Traction power substation balance and losses estimation in AC railways using a power transfer device through Monte Carlo analysis
Authors: Morais Vítor A. , Martins António P. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe high dynamic power requirements present in modern railway transportation systems raise research challenges for an optimal operation of railway electrification. This paper presents a Monte Carlo analysis on the application of a power transfer device installed in the neutral zone and exchanging active power between two sections. The main analyzed parameters are the active power balance in the two neighbor traction power substations and the system power losses. A simulation framework is presented to comprise the desired analysis and a universe of randomly distributed scenarios are tested to evaluate the effectiveness of the power transfer device system. The results show that the density of trains and the relative branch length of a traction power substation should be considered in the evaluation phase of the best place to install a power transfer device, towards the reduction of the operational power losses, while maintaining the two substations balanced in terms of active power.
A survey of the application of graph-based approaches in stock market analysis and prediction
Authors: Saha Suman , Gao Junbin , Gerlach Richard 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGraph-based approaches are revolutionizing the analysis of different real-life systems, and the stock market is no exception. Individual stocks and stock market indices are connected, and interesting patterns appear when the stock market is considered as a graph. Researchers are analyzing the stock market using graph-based approaches in recent years, and there is a need to survey those works from multiple perspectives. We discuss the existing graph-based works from five perspectives: (i) stock market graph formulation, (ii) stock market graph filtering, (iii) stock market graph clustering, (iv) stock movement prediction, and (v) portfolio optimization. This study contains a concise description of major techniques and algorithms relevant to graph-based approaches for the stock market.
Response of the Equatorial Atlantic Cold Tongue to Stratospheric Aerosol Geoengineering
Authors: Pomalegni Y. W. , Da-Allada C. Y. , Sohou Z. , Baloïtcha E. , Alamou E. A. , Awo F. M. , Bonou F. , Biao I. , Obada E. , Zandagba J. E. , Tilmes S. , Irvine P. J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBy increasing Earth-atmosphere system albedo, Stratospheric Aerosol Geoengineering (SAG) using sulfur dioxide is an artificial potential means, with the goal to mitigate the global warming effects. In this study, we used the simulations from Geoengineering Large Ensemble project realized under the climate change scenario of Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 (RCP8.5), to investigate the potential impact of SAG on the Sea Surface Temperature (SST) in Equatorial Atlantic Cold Tongue (EACT) and the physical processes driving these changes. Results reveal that in the EACT region, under RCP8.5, SST warms significantly (compared to present‐day climate) with a maximum of 1.7 °C in July, and this increase in SST is mainly due to the local processes related to the weakening of vertical mixing at the base of the mixed layer. This reduction of the vertical mixing is associated to the diminution of the vertical shear from July to April and to the increase of ocean stratification from May to June. However, under SAG, SST decreases significantly throughout the year (compared to present‐day climate) with a maximum cooling of − 0.4 °C in the cold tongue period (May–June). This SST cooling is mainly associated with the non-local processes related to intensification of the westerly equatorial Atlantic wind stress. Finally, results show that the use of SAG to offset all global warming under RCP8.5 results in a slight over compensation of SST in the EACT region.
Psychological research involving Indigenous people: Australia and Aotearoa (New Zealand)
Authors: Tindle Richard , Raciti Maria , Moustafa Ahmed A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this article, we discuss the current state of psychological research with Indigenous peoples, with a specific focus on research including Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples of Australia and the Māori people of Aotearoa (New Zealand). We identify how the mental health of Indigenous people is often significantly poorer than non-Indigenous people and could be contributing to the increased prevalence of comorbidity between mental health and substance abuse. However, we also show that there are concerns about the reliability of these data and that comparing Indigenous to non-Indigenous data is contested and often unreliable. The gap between Indigenous and non-Indigenous people is discussed within the context of competencies required for psychologists within Australia and Aotearoa (New Zealand), concerning their relevant National Psychology Boards accreditation standards, and core competencies for clinicians. Finally, we show that there is a paucity of research measuring the effectiveness of Western developed psychotherapies with Indigenous people, question their relevance and note the conspicuous silence around Indigenous psychological knowledge. In conclusion, we show that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples are lagging in most health statistics compared to Maori people and other Indigenous peoples which may reflect different experiences of colonisation in each country. However, these statistics also show that progress is possible to help Indigenous people, globally, to achieve their mental health goals.
The Road Not Taken: Comparative International Judicial Dissent
Authors: Dunoff Jeffrey L. , Pollack Mark A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis Article analyzes long-standing disagreements over dissent's effect on judicial legitimacy, independence, and legal doctrine by undertaking the first comparative study of dissent practices across three leading tribunals, the International Court of Justice, the European Court of Human Rights, and the European Court of Justice. Surprisingly, we find that each of the central claims in debates over dissent at international courts is mistaken. We find that the presence of dissents has little systematic impact on legitimacy; the key factor instead is patterns of dissent that suggest bias among international judges. We find that the effects of dissent on judicial independence are mediated by a third factor, namely the length and renewability of judicial terms of office. Finally, we find that dissents promote law development, but little evidence that today's dissents form the basis for future majority rulings. We then outline a research agenda to examine the impact of dissent at the larger universe of international courts.
Evaluation of healthcare-associated infection rates in patients with hematologic malignancies and stem cell transplantation during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic
Authors: Bobbitt Laura J. , Satyanarayana Gowri , Van Metre Baum Laura , Nebhan Caroline A. , Kassim Adetola A. , Gatwood Katie S. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Objective:
To evaluate whether rates of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) changed during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in malignant hematology and stem cell transplant patients.

Design:
A retrospective, cohort study.

Patients:
The study included malignant hematology and stem cell transplant patients admitted between March 1, 2019, through July 31, 2019, and March 1, 2020, through July 31, 2020.

Methods:
Rates of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs), central-line–associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs), central-line–associated mucosal barrier injury infections (CLAMBIs), and Clostridioides difficile infections (CDIs) during the pandemic were compared to those in a control cohort. Secondary outcomes included the rate of non–COVID-19 respiratory viruses.

Results:
The rate of CAUTIs per 1,000 hospital days was 0.435 before the pandemic and 0.532 during the pandemic (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 1.224; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.0314–47.72; P = .899). The rate of CLABSIs was 0.435 before the pandemic and 1.064 during the pandemic (IRR, 2.447; 95% CI, 0.186–72.18; P = .516). The rate of CLAMBIs was 2.61 before the pandemic and 1.064 during the pandemic (IRR 0.408, 95% CI 0.057–1.927; P = .284). The rate of CDIs was 2.61 before the pandemic and 1.579 during the pandemic (IRR, 0.612; 95% CI, 0.125–2.457; P = .512). Non–COVID-19 respiratory virus cases decreased significantly from 12 (30.8%) to 2 cases (8.3%) (P = 0.014).

Conclusions:
There was no significant difference in HAIs among inpatient malignant hematology and stem cell transplant patients during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to those of a control cohort. Rates of infection were low among both cohorts. Rates of community-acquired respiratory viruses decreased significantly during the pandemic among this population.
High vaccine effectiveness against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and severe disease among residents and staff of long-term care facilities in Norway, November 2020–June 2021
Authors: Starrfelt Jostein , Danielsen Anders Skyrud , Kacelnik Oliver , Wang Børseth Anita , Seppälä Elina , Meijerink Hinta 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes high morbidity and mortality in long-term care facilities (LTCFs). COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against infection was 81.5% and 81.4% among fully vaccinated residents and staff in LTCFs. The vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19-associated death was 93.1% among residents, and no hospitalizations occurred among fully vaccinated staff.
Public and Private Enforcement in European Union Food Law
Authors: Purnhagen Kai P. , Molitorisová Alexandra 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWhat type of enforcement is the most effective to punish violations of food law or to prevent them from occurring in the first place? This article examines the question of which mix of private and public enforcement exists in European Union (EU) food law and whether this mix corresponds to the recommendations of existing social science research. Based on this research, we contend that EU-determined enforcement mechanisms differ in effectiveness across Member States. New technologies have the potential to stimulate a novel mix of public and private enforcement tools at the EU and national levels.
Circle packings, kissing reflection groups and critically fixed anti-rational maps
Authors: Lodge Russell , Luo Yusheng , Mukherjee Sabyasachi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this article, we establish an explicit correspondence between kissing reflection groups and critically fixed anti-rational maps. The correspondence, which is expressed using simple planar graphs, has several dynamical consequences. As an application of this correspondence, we give complete answers to geometric mating problems for critically fixed anti-rational maps.
A note on the Screaming Toes game
Authors: Tavaré Simon 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe investigate properties of random mappings whose core is composed of derangements as opposed to permutations. Such mappings arise as the natural framework for studying the Screaming Toes game described, for example, by Peter Cameron. This mapping differs from the classical case primarily in the behaviour of the small components, and a number of explicit results are provided to illustrate these differences.
Chukchansi Yokuts
Authors: Adisasmito-Smith Niken , Guekguezian Peter , Wyatt Holly 
Published: January 2022

Chukchansi belongs to the Yokuts language family (ISO 639 code: yok) ancestrally spoken in the San Joaquin valley of Central California and in the adjacent foothills of the Sierra Nevada. The headquarters of the Chukchansi tribe is located in Coarsegold and many members of the tribe live in and around Madera and Fresno counties. As shown in the map in Figure 1, there are three major territories of the Yokuts: Northern Valley Yokuts, Foothill Yokuts, and Southern Valley Yokuts. While the territory of the Chukchansi is in the foothills area, the dialect is linguistically Northern Valley (Whistler & Golla 1986), as shown in Figure 2. Yawelmani, a Yokuts language that has been a subject of extensive linguistic research (e.g. Newman 1944, Archangeli 1983, Weigel 2005), is a dialect of the Southern Valley Yokuts. It is unclear to what extent Yokuts varieties are mutually intelligible. Yokuts is often considered to be a part of a larger Penutian language family (e.g. Dixon & Kroeber 1913, Sapir 1921, DeLancey & Golla 1997). While the status of Penutian as a macro-family is disputed, Yokuts is very likely related to the Miwok and Costanoan language families of California (Callaghan 1997).