bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corona‐aged performance of nano‐filled HTV silicone rubber
Authors: Saleem Muhammad Z. , Akbar Mohammad , Alam Shahid 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTo develop compact and relatively low maintenance demanding high voltage transmission systems, polymeric insulators are widely replacing traditionally used insulators for the past several decades. Further efforts focusing on enhancing their antiaging performance by adding fillers to increase the reliability of power systems are being made through extensive research globally. Among the causes of degradation, corona discharge is considered of great concern and needs to be investigated at length. Toward that end, several types of high‐temperature vulcanized silicone rubber (HTV‐SiR) were reinforced with varying quantities of nano‐sized boron nitride (BN) and silicon carbide (SiC) fillers are evaluated in this study. Test samples with different formulations are fabricated and exposed to alternating current (AC) corona discharge for a duration of 72 h. Thereafter, the induced modifications in their surface characteristics and bulk properties are assessed using several diagnostic and complementary techniques involving measurements of partial discharge and volume current, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The volume current is recorded using a standardized three‐electrode system at different levels of the test voltage and ambient temperature in an attempt to evaluate its dependence on the electric field and temperature. As a result of the conducted study and allied analysis, it is reported that the damaging impact of corona retards more in the case of loading HTV‐SiR with nano‐sized particles of BN as compared to SiC. The obtained FTIR spectra demonstrate an increase in the transmittance intensity of principal peaks in the aged samples, being higher in the unfilled SiR than its filled counterparts. It is further revealed that exposure of the studied samples to corona discharge elevates their volume current possibly due to charge injection and space charge effect, particularly at higher temperatures and strong electric field.
Insight into the structural basis of the dual inhibitory mode of Lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus) serine protease inhibitor
Authors: Ahmad Malik Shoaib , Akbar Zeeshan , Choudhary Muhammad Iqbal 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBovine pancreatic trypsin was crystallized, in‐complex with Lima bean trypsin inhibitor (LBTI) (Phaseolus lunatus L.), in the form of a ternary complex. LBTI is a Bowman–Birk‐type bifunctional serine protease inhibitor, which has two independent inhibitory loops. Both of the loops can inhibit trypsin, however, only the hydrophobic loop is specific for inhibiting chymotrypsin. The structure of trypsin incomplex with the LBTI has been solved and refined at 2.25 Å resolution, in the space group P41, with Rwork/Rfree values of 18.1/23.3. The two binding sites of LBTI differ in only two amino acids. Lysine and leucine are the key residues of the two different binding loops positioned at the P1, and involved in binding the S1 binding site of trypsin. The asymmetric unit cell contains two molecules of trypsin and one molecule of LBTI. The key interactions include hydrogen bonds between LBTI and active site residues of trypsin. The 3D structure of the enzyme–inhibitor complex provided details insight into the trypsin inhibition by LBTI. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the structure of trypsin incomplex with LBTI.
Characterization of TR‐107, a novel chemical activator of the human mitochondrial protease ClpP
Authors: Fennell Emily M. J. , Aponte‐Collazo Lucas J. , Wynn Joshua D. , Drizyte‐Miller Kristina , Leung Elisa , Greer Yoshimi Endo , Graves Paul R. , Iwanowicz Andrew A. , Ashamalla Hani , Holmuhamedov Ekhson , Lang Henk , Karanewsky Donald S. , Der Channing J. , Houry Walid A. , Lipkowitz Stanley , Iwanowicz Edwin J. , Graves Lee M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe recently described the identification of a new class of small‐molecule activators of the mitochondrial protease ClpP. These compounds synthesized by Madera Therapeutics showed increased potency of cancer growth inhibition over the related compound ONC201. In this study, we describe chemical optimization and characterization of the next generation of highly potent and selective small‐molecule ClpP activators (TR compounds) and demonstrate their efficacy against breast cancer models in vitro and in vivo. We selected one compound (TR‐107) with excellent potency, specificity, and drug‐like properties for further evaluation. TR‐107 showed ClpP‐dependent growth inhibition in the low nanomolar range that was equipotent to paclitaxel in triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell models. TR‐107 also reduced specific mitochondrial proteins, including OXPHOS and TCA cycle components, in a time‐, dose‐, and ClpP‐dependent manner. Seahorse XF analysis and glucose deprivation experiments confirmed the inactivation of OXPHOS and increased dependence on glycolysis following TR‐107 exposure. The pharmacokinetic properties of TR‐107 were compared with other known ClpP activators including ONC201 and ONC212. TR‐107 displayed excellent exposure and serum t1/2 after oral administration. Using human TNBC MDA‐MB‐231 xenografts, the antitumor response to TR‐107 was investigated. Oral administration of TR‐107 resulted in a reduction in tumor volume and extension of survival in the treated compared with vehicle control mice. ClpP activation in vivo was validated by immunoblotting for TFAM and other mitochondrial proteins. In summary, we describe the identification of highly potent new ClpP agonists with improved efficacy against TNBC, through targeted inactivation of OXPHOS and disruption of mitochondrial metabolism.
Process‐oriented evaluation of the oversea AROME configuration: Focus on the representation of cloud organisation
Authors: Beucher Florent , Couvreux Fleur , Bouniol Dominique , Faure Ghislain , Favot Florence , Dauhut Thibaut , Ayet Alex 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study evaluates the ability of the French convection‐permitting model AROME‐OM to represent shallow cumulus and their main organisations for boreal winter conditions in the North Atlantic trades. It uses a set of three winter seasons (January–February, 2018–2020) of high‐resolution (1.3 and 2.5 km) simulations over the Caribbean domain (9.7–22.9°N, 75.3–51.7°W). The model is assessed against soundings at Grantley Adams Airport and remote‐sensing observations at a site located on the east coast of Barbados which is representative of downwind trade regimes. The thermodynamic environment of the model fits the observations overall but the boundary layer is slightly too deep, resulting in a weak cold and dry bias. Both model and observations clearly exhibit (a) a double peak of cloud fraction, a first peak near the cloud base and a second one near the cloud top and (b) a larger variance in cloudiness near the top of the deepest cumuli, at around 2 km, with a higher sensitivity to the environment. We then take advantage of the EUREC4A field campaign which took place in January–February 2020 to assess the ability of the model to reproduce the four main mesoscale patterns and to characterize the air masses in which they develop. All the observations confirm the capacity of the model to predict the different mesoscale organizations and their associated environment.
Global position tracking control of PMSM servo system via internal model approach and experimental validations
Authors: Ping Zhaowu , Jia Yingjie , Li Yaoyi , Huang Yunzhi , Wang Hai , Lu Jun‐Guo 
Published: August 2022

SummaryIn practical engineering, load torque disturbance and parameter uncertainties are two important factors, which may deteriorate the tracking accuracy of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) servo system. Therefore, its global position tracking control problem is a challenging task when the load torque disturbance is time‐varying and the motor parameters are unknown. In this article, an internal model controller based on global robust output regulation (GROR) theory is proposed to achieve this control objective. In particular, we first formulate the global position tracking control problem as a GROR problem. Then, the GROR problem is converted into a global robust stabilization problem of an augmented system by constructing an appropriate internal model. Finally, we can stabilize the augmented system by a global stabilization controller instead of local stabilization controller used in the recent work, which guarantees global position tracking and disturbance rejection of PMSM servo system. The excellent position tracking performance of our design is demonstrated by both simulation and experimental results.
High‐Performance Natural Graphite Anode for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Using TiO2 as an Additive
Authors: Babaiee Mohsen , Baktashian Shaghayegh , Zarei‐Jelyani Mohammad , Eqra Rahim , Gholami Mehrdad 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this study, an attempt has been made to improve the performance of natural graphite anode using TiO2 nanoparticles additive. In this method, high‐performance electrodes have been achieved by addition of TiO2 nanoparticles to base graphite active material, which is able to offer supplementary effects. TiO2 emulsions with different concentrations of 10 %, 20 %, and 100 % are applied to prepare the binder solvent. The graphite anode made with 10 % concentration of TiO2 emulsion (NG−T10) shows the best performance in comparison with other samples. The Nano‐scale images of the scanning electron microscope (SEM) affirm the existence of a uniform coating on the surface of the natural graphite particles for the NG−T10 electrode. Energy‐dispersive X‐ray (EDX) spectroscopy on the NG−T10 sample clearly indicates the Ti element signal. According to atomic force microscopy (AFM) images, an increment in surface roughness can provide a more effective surface and improve wettability, resulting in better electrochemical performance of NG−T10. The charge‐discharge test of the NG−T10 half‐cell represents an excellent cycle performance without any capacity degradation during 100 cycles at 0.5 C. However, the value of capacity retention for bare natural graphite (BNG) is 90.7 % in the same conditions. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results indicate that the existence of TiO2 nanoparticles in NG−T10 improves the resistance of solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film and charge‐transfer resistance. The NG−T10 also enhances the pouch cell capacity at various current densities up to 4 C.
Carbon Quantum Dot Modified Reduced Graphene Oxide Framework for Improved Alkali Metal Ion Storage Performance
Authors: Jin Shikai , Allam Omar , Lee Kyungbin , Lim Jeonghoon , Lee Michael J. , Loh Sze Hou , Jang Seung Soon , Lee Seung Woo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOrganic materials with redox‐active oxygen functional groups are of great interest as electrode materials for alkali‐ion storage due to their earth‐abundant constituents, structural tunability, and enhanced energy storage properties. Herein, a hybrid carbon framework consisting of reduced graphene oxide and oxygen functionalized carbon quantum dots (CQDs) is developed via the one‐pot solvothermal reduction method, and a systematic study is undertaken to investigate its redox mechanism and electrochemical properties with Li‐, Na‐, and K‐ions. Due to the incorporation of CQDs, the hybrid cathode delivers consistent improvements in charge storage performance for the alkali‐ions and impressive reversible capacity (257 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1), rate capability (111 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1), and cycling stability (79% retention after 10 000 cycles) with Li‐ion. Furthermore, density functional theory calculations uncover the CQD structure‐electrochemical reactivity trends for different alkali‐ion. The results provide important insights into adopting CQD species for optimal alkali‐ion storage.
Wind turbine nacelle cooling systems: A review
Authors: Fuskele Veeresh , Baredar Prashant , Sarviya Rishindra Mohan , Lal Shiv , Awasthi Shubham 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe thermal load in the wind turbine nacelle is increasing due to the higher dissipation of heat from the various components in the high unit capacity wind mill. With the motive to develop a sustainable and efficient windmill, research on low cost highly efficient wind turbine nacelle cooling systems has become particularly important. In this review, the prominent waste heat producing sources and the extensively used cooling systems are described. A detailed analysis of the advantages and limitations of each system and the use of various cooling fluids as cooling medium in wind turbine nacelle cooling systems is also discussed. Use of nanofluids as cooling medium in liquid cooling system is also highlighted as it produces a higher thermal performance enhancement. Hence, it is identified as a promising option for a cooling medium and future research.This article is categorized under:
Wind Power > Systems and Infrastructure
Wind Power > Science and Materials
Energy Infrastructure > Systems and Infrastructure
New advances in pharmaceutical strategies for sensitizing anti‐PD‐1 immunotherapy and clinical research
Authors: Jiang Mengshi , Qin Bing , Li Xiang , Liu Yu , Guan Guannan , You Jian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAttempts have been made continuously to use nano‐drug delivery system (NDDS) to improve the effect of antitumor therapy. In recent years, especially in the application of immunotherapy represented by antiprogrammed death receptor 1 (anti‐PD‐1), it has been vigorously developed. Nanodelivery systems are significantly superior in a number of aspects including increasing the solubility of insoluble drugs, enhancing their targeting ability, prolonging their half‐life, and reducing side effects. It can not only directly improve the efficacy of anti‐PD‐1 immunotherapy, but also indirectly enhance the antineoplastic efficacy of immunotherapy by boosting the effectiveness of therapeutic modalities such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, photothermal, and photodynamic therapy (PTT/PDT). Here, we summarize the studies published in recent years on the use of nanotechnology in pharmaceutics to improve the efficacy of anti‐PD‐1 antibodies, analyze their characteristics and shortcomings, and combine with the current clinical research on anti‐PD‐1 antibodies to provide a reference for the design of future nanocarriers, so as to further expand the clinical application prospects of NDDSs.This article is categorized under:
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease
[NEt3Me][O3], Synthesis, Crystal Growth and Crystal Structure Analysis
Authors: Schmid Jonas R. , Voßnacker Patrick , Jansen Martin , Riedel Sebastian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract[NEt3Me][O3] was obtained for the first time by an ion exchange reaction in liquid ammonia. It was thoroughly characterized by X‐Ray diffraction [P21; a=598.51(4) pm, b=1032.03(7) pm, c=723.83(6) pm, β=92.677(3)°, R=0.0384, 15070 reflections] applying non‐spherical and spherical atomic form factors for the refinements. In contrast to previous reported ozonides, [NEt3Me][O3] is the first to adopt the tungsten carbide (WC) motif of cation/ anion arragemnent and shows an untypical hydrogen bond between the central oxygen atom of the ozonide and the cation. Additionally, IR spectroscopy as well as quantum‐chemical calculations were applied to further characterize the compound. The obtained ozonide showed high solubility in ammonia as well as acetonitrile and good properties as a synthon in ozonide chemistry.
On Partee’s “Noun Phrase Interpretation and Type-Shifting Principles”
Authors: Winter Yoad 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMontague’s classic article “The Proper Treatment of Quantification in Ordinary English” (PTQ, 1973) treated all NP occurrences as quantificational. Partee’s article “Noun Phrase Interpretation and Type-Shifting Principles” (1987) reconciles PTQ’s uniform quantificational strategy with the older distinction between three NP types: entities, predicates and quantifiers. On top of this distinction, Partee introduces operators that allow shifting the denotation of an NP to a different type than the one it is initially assigned. Using these type-shifters, one and the same NP may receive each of the three interpretations. In addition to this synthesis of previous approaches, Partee’s article contains a rather elaborate analysis of predicative NPs, as well as insightful hints about the treatment of definite NPs, nominalization phenomena, plural, mass and generic NPs, and the mathematical principles underlying type-shifting. At a more global level, Partee’s article marks a methodological transition in formal semantics, highlighting general principles that are relevant to different languages and to different linguistic frameworks, rather than technicalities of artificial language fragments. This general account and the new ways it opened for semantic theory, together with the paper’s lucid and friendly style, have made “Noun Phrase Interpretation and Type-Shifting Principles” one of the modern classics in formal semantics. After some necessary background on NPs in PTQ, this review covers the main innovations in Partee’s article, and comments on the work and its influence.
Specification-Guided Learning of Nash Equilibria with High Social Welfare
Authors: Jothimurugan Kishor , Bansal Suguman , Bastani Osbert , Alur Rajeev 
Published: August 2022

AbstractReinforcement learning has been shown to be an effective strategy for automatically training policies for challenging control problems. Focusing on non-cooperative multi-agent systems, we propose a novel reinforcement learning framework for training joint policies that form a Nash equilibrium. In our approach, rather than providing low-level reward functions, the user provides high-level specifications that encode the objective of each agent. Then, guided by the structure of the specifications, our algorithm searches over policies to identify one that provably forms an$$\epsilon $$ϵ-Nash equilibrium (with high probability). Importantly, it prioritizes policies in a way that maximizes social welfare across all agents. Our empirical evaluation demonstrates that our algorithm computes equilibrium policies with high social welfare, whereas state-of-the-art baselines either fail to compute Nash equilibria or compute ones with comparatively lower social welfare.
Sampling-Based Verification of CTMCs with Uncertain Rates
Authors: Badings Thom S. , Jansen Nils , Junges Sebastian , Stoelinga Marielle , Volk Matthias 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe employ uncertain parametric CTMCs with parametric transition rates and a prior on the parameter values. The prior encodes uncertainty about the actual transition rates, while the parameters allow dependencies between transition rates. Sampling the parameter values from the prior distribution then yields a standard CTMC, for which we may compute relevant reachability probabilities. We provide a principled solution, based on a technique called scenario-optimization, to the following problem: From a finite set of parameter samples and a user-specified confidence level, compute prediction regions on the reachability probabilities. The prediction regions should (with high probability) contain the reachability probabilities of a CTMC induced by any additional sample. To boost the scalability of the approach, we employ standard abstraction techniques and adapt our methodology to support approximate reachability probabilities. Experiments with various well-known benchmarks show the applicability of the approach.
Synthesis and Analysis of Petri Nets from Causal Specifications
Authors: de Oliveira Oliveira Mateus 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPetri nets are one of the most prominent system-level formalisms for the specification of causality in concurrent, distributed, or multi-agent systems. This formalism is abstract enough to be analyzed using theoretical tools, and at the same time, concrete enough to eliminate ambiguities that would arise at implementation level. One interesting feature of Petri nets is that they can be studied from the point of view of true concurrency, where causal scenarios are specified using partial orders, instead of approaches based on interleaving.On the other hand, message sequence chart (MSC) languages, are a standard formalism for the specification of causality from a purely behavioral perspective. In other words, this formalism specifies a set of causal scenarios between actions of a system, without providing any implementation-level details about the system.In this work, we establish several new connections between MSC languages and Petri nets, and show that several computational problems involving these formalisms are decidable. Our results fill some gaps in the literature that had been open for several years. To obtain our results we develop new techniques in the realm of slice automata theory, a framework introduced one decade ago in the study of the partial order behavior of bounded Petri nets. These techniques can also be applied to establish connections between Petri nets and other well studied behavioral formalisms, such as the notion of Mazurkiewicz trace languages.
Information Flow Guided Synthesis
Authors: Finkbeiner Bernd , Metzger Niklas , Moses Yoram 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCompositional synthesis relies on the discovery of assumptions, i.e., restrictions on the behavior of the remainder of the system that allow a component to realize its specification. In order to avoid losing valid solutions, these assumptions should benecessaryconditions for realizability. However, because there are typically many different behaviors that realize the same specification, necessary behavioral restrictions often do not exist. In this paper, we introduce a new class of assumptions for compositional synthesis, which we callinformation flow assumptions. Such assumptions capture an essential aspect of distributed computing, because components often need to act upon information that is available only in other components. The presence of a certain flow of information is therefore often a necessary requirement, while the actual behavior that establishes the information flow is unconstrained. In contrast to behavioral assumptions, which are properties of individual computation traces, information flow assumptions arehyperproperties, i.e., properties of sets of traces. We present a method for the automatic derivation of information-flow assumptions from a temporal logic specification of the system. We then provide a technique for the automatic synthesis of component implementations based on information flow assumptions. This provides a new compositional approach to the synthesis of distributed systems. We report on encouraging first experiments with the approach, carried out with theBoSyHypersynthesis tool.