bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Greater glider (Petauroides volans) den tree and hollow characteristics
Authors: Hofman Maaike , Gracanin Ana , Mikac Katarina M. 
Published: August 2022

Hollow-bearing trees provide essential habitat for a range of threatened Australian wildlife species. Limited data exist for the hollow choice of greater gliders (Petauroides volans). This study aimed to provide the first comprehensive overview of the dimensions and characteristics of the den trees and hollows used by greater gliders, in the context of an endangered population. Through spotlighting and stag-watching, we identified 68 greater glider hollows in 54 den trees. When compared to reference hollows, greater gliders appeared to be preferentially choosing dens based on tree species, tree diameter at breast height (DBH), hollow type, hollow height and hollow depth. The aspect, entrance diameter, and cavity wall thickness of hollows did not appear to be influencing den choice, when compared to reference hollows. Greater gliders preferred to den in blackbutt (Eucalyptus pilularis) trees with a mean DBH of 114.1 cm (±4.3 cm). Hollows were most commonly a ‘branch end’ type of hollow. Mean depth of hollows was 252 cm (±12 cm). Mean hollow height was 15.4 m (±0.4 m). While not significant, hollows had a mean minimum hollow entrance of 18.1 cm (±0.6 cm) and a mean maximum cavity wall thickness of 8.0 cm (±0.7 cm). It is likely that hollow depth contributes to temperature buffering within dens, which is important for den choice as greater gliders are highly sensitive to hot temperatures. Our findings have important conservation implications for assessing den trees, and for improving designs of nest boxes and artificial cavities.
Increasing levels of microalga supplementation in diet on
Authors: Say Murat , Büyükkılıç Beyzi Selma 
Published: August 2022

Context In recent years, microalgae have been used in the diet to improve the quality of animal products due to their oil content and quality, but determining the optimum dose is very important to prevent some fermentation and economic losses in animal production. Aims The study investigated the effects of microalga (DHA-gold) supplementation in the diet at different levels in in vitro ruminal biohydrogenation and fermentation. Methods The treatments were control (no additional oil, forage:concentrate ratio 60:40 on a dry-matter (DM) basis) or the addition of 1%, 2%, and 3% of microalga in the diet on a DM basis. Four rumen-cannulated goats were used as donors for the in vitro experiment. The treatments were incubated using a batch culture technique, and the fatty acid profile and fermentation parameters were determined after 0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h. Key results Total conjugated linoleic acids (CLA), cis-9, trans-11 CLA and trans-11 C18:1 fatty acids increased with supplementation of microalgae. The 24-h biohydrogenation rate of unsaturated fatty acids varied between 61% and 98%. In addition, the highest CLA content was obtained from the 3% algae group. Biohydrogenation of C18:3, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) fatty acids was decreased with the 2% microalga supplementation. The microalga supplementation had no effect on ruminal pH, ruminal acetate, propionate, and butyrate proportions, or the acetate:propionate ratio. Conclusion Under the current in vitro study conditions, 2% microalga supplementation to diet increased the ruminal biohydrogenation intermediate products, such as total CLA and trans-11 C18:1 fatty acid and decreased the ruminal biohydrogenation ratio of n-3 fatty acids (C18:3, EPA, and DHA). Implications Increasing the bioactive and beneficial fatty acids (e.g. CLAs) that are absorbed in the rumen by ruminants and then transferred to animal products (meat, milk) is important. From the results of this in vitro study, dietary microalga increased the ruminal CLA, C18:3, EPA, and DHA concentrations. However, dietary fat level should be evaluated in terms of improving an animal’s performance (growth rate, digestibility, milk yield, carcass, and milk quality).
Effects of putrescine on the quality and epigenetic modification of mouse oocytes during
Authors: Shi Chennan , Yan Zhengjie , Zhang Yuexin , Qin Lianju , Wu Wei , Gao Chao , Gao Li , Liu Jiayin , Cui Yugui 
Published: August 2022

Context Low ovarian putrescine levels and decreased peak values following luteinising hormone peaks are related to poor oocyte quantity and quality in ageing women. Aims To investigate the effects of putrescine supplementation in in vitro maturation (IVM) medium on oocyte quality and epigenetic modification. Methods Germinal vesicle oocytes retrieved from the ovaries of 8-week-old and 9-month-old mice were divided into four groups (the young, young + difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), ageing and ageing + putrescine groups) and cultured in IVM medium with or without 1 mM putrescine or DFMO for 16 h. The first polar body extrusion (PBE), cleavage and embryonic development were evaluated. Spindles, chromosomes, mitochondria and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured. The expression levels of SIRT1, H3K9ac, H3K9me2, H3K9me3, and 5mC levels were evaluated. Sirt1 and imprinted genes were detected. Results The PBE was higher in the ageing + putrescine group than in the ageing group. Putrescine increased the total and inner cell mass cell numbers of blastocysts in ageing oocytes. Putrescine decreased aberrant spindles and chromosome aneuploidy, increased the mitochondrial membrane potential and decreased ROS levels. Putrescine increased SIRT1 expression and attenuated the upregulation of H3K9ac levels in ageing oocytes. Putrescine did not affect 5mC, H3K9me2 or H3K9me3 levels or imprinted gene expression. Conclusions Putrescine supplementation during IVM improved the maturation and quality of ageing oocytes and promoted embryonic development by decreasing ROS generation, maintaining mitochondrial and spindle function and correcting aberrant epigenetic modification. Implications Putrescine shows application potential for human-assisted reproduction, especially for IVM of oocytes from ageing women.
Keywords through time
Authors: Clarke Isobelle , Brookes Gavin , McEnery Tony 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper applies a new approach to the identification of discourses, based on Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA), to the study of discourse variation over time. The MCA approach to keywords deals with a major issue with the use of keywords to identify discourses: the allocation of individual keywords to multiple discourses. Yet, as this paper demonstrates, the approach also allows us to observe variation in the prevalence of discourses over time. The MCA approach to keywords allows the allocation of individual texts to multiple discourses based on patterns of keyword co-occurrence. Metadata in the corpus data analysed (here, UK newspaper articles about Islam) can then be used to map those discourses over time, resulting in a clear view of how the discourses vary relative to one another as time progresses. The paper argues that the drivers for these fluctuations are language external; the real-world events reported on in the newspapers.
Thermal Analysis of the Backup Structure of the Tianma Telescope
Authors: Fu Li , Yu Lin-Feng , Tang Jian-Sen , Yang Bing-En , Gou Wei , Wang Jin-Qing , Liu Qing-Hui , Shen Zhi-Qiang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Taking the Tianma Radio Telescope (TMRT) as an object, this paper focuses on the determination of temperature gradients and thermal deformations of the backup structure (BUS) with the finite element method. To this end, a modeling and analysis method, which consists of a simplified FEM and a four-component simulation process, is proposed. In the development, only solar radiation is considered and thermal convection is neglected. Based on the thermal time constant of the BUS, the simulations of temperature gradients are simplified as static analysis. The superposed temperature gradients agree well with the ones measured by thermometers with a 0.57°C root mean square (rms) error. In addition, the illuminated-weighted rms errors of the primary reflector surface calculated by the simulation and measured by the extended out-of-focus holography are in good agreement. The rms error increases approximately 170 μm when the Sun persistently illuminated the BUS for 3 hr. The optimized initial temperature of the antenna structure is 20°C by comparing the results between the finite element analysis and the e-OOF measurement. The thermal deformation database can support the real-time compensation of the active surface system if the traces of the radio telescope are known in advance.
Spectral and Timing Analysis of the Black Hole Transient MAXI J1631–479 During its 2019 Outburst Observed with Insight-HXMT
Authors: Fu Yu-Cong , Song L. M. , Ding G. Q. , Zhang S. N. , Qu J. L. , Zhang S. , Zhang L. , Bu Q. C. , Huang Y. , Ma X. , Yang Z. X. , Tuo Y. L. , Lu X. F. , Zhou D. K. , Wu B. Y. , Li T. M. , Xu Y. C. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We report spectral and timing analysis of the black hole transient MAXI J1631–479 during the hard intermediate state of its 2019 outburst from the Insight-Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (Insight-HXMT) observations. We find that the energy dependence of the type-C quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) frequency evolves with time: during the initial rise of a small flare (∼MJD 58526.0-58527.1), the QPO frequency increases with increasing energy from ∼1 to ∼100 keV, and then the frequency remains constant after MJD 58527.1. We discover a possible new phenomenon of Fe line’s QPO frequency jump that has never been observed for other black hole transients: during the small flare, the QPO frequency around the Fe line energy is higher than any other energy band, with the frequency difference Δf = 0.25 ± 0.08 Hz between 5.5–7.5 keV and other energy bands. The spectral analysis shows that the evolution of QPOs is related to the equivalent width of the narrow Fe line, and its equivalent width increases during this small flare. We propose that the QPO frequency difference results from the differential precession of a vertically extended jet, and the higher QPO frequency of Fe line could be caused by the layered jet when the jet scale increases. At the same time, the evolution of QPOs is related to the accretion rate, while the energy dependence of QPOs supports the existence of deceleration in the vertically distributed jet.
CFD Simulation of Bubbling Process in Nitric Acid Solution in a Bubble Column
Authors: Tang Ruishu , Cui Chang , Li Dagang , Zhang Dongxiang , Xu Xiyan , Li Jinying 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Bubble column is a commonly used multiphase reactor. Owing to the complicated nature of its flow structure, computational fluid dynamics has frequently been used as a useful instrument for studying the fluid mechanics in a bubble column. However, most of the previously studied systems are air-water system, while air-nitric acid solution system is rarely reported. In the present study, the differences in bubble size distribution of pure water and 1 mol/L nitric acid in the bubble column were observed through experiments. The bubble size was found to be smaller than that in water when the liquid phase was nitric acid. According to the actual situation, the bubbling process of nitric acid solution was successfully simulated by adjusting the coalescence factor of the bubble coalescence model (deviation less than 10%). Meanwhile, it was observed by simulation that the axial time-averaged liquid velocity distribution in nitric acid solution was flatter than that in water under the same gas flow rate.
CFD Simulation of the Cavitation Behaviour in Single Jet Process via Outlet Pressure
Authors: Zhang Hao , Chai Xinjie , He Shihao , Qiu Facheng , Cheng Zhiliang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Cavitation effect is the most common phenomenon in the process of jet. In this work, the method of CFD numerical simulation is used to study the cavitation behaviour in the process of single hole jet. In order to obtain the mixing situation and change process of gaseous water and liquid water produced in the nozzle, the Euler multiphase flow model and the realizable k-epsilon model in the turbulence model are used. The simulation results show that the degree and frequency of liquid column breakage of cavitation water jet are far higher than those of ordinary water jet. And the structure of the nozzle also has the most ideal situation. When the nozzle inlet size is 20 mm, the nozzle diameter is 1 mm, and the nozzle length is 5 mm, which is most conducive to the growth and diffusion of cavitation bubbles. The cavitation effect increases with the increase of the inlet jet velocity, but the promotion effect does not increase significantly when the inlet velocity is greater than 2.5 m/s. From the perspective of energy consumption, the optimum velocity at this time is 2.5 m/s. And the pressure environment at the nozzle outlet also affects the cavitation phenomenon, mainly as follows: positive pressure can inhibit the cavitation effect, negative pressure can promote the cavitation effect, but the negative pressure has a limited effect on the degree of cavitation.
Design of Hydraulic System of Microcomputer Governor for Small Turbine
Authors: He Minchao , Hu Huali , Quan Hongwei , Liu Qibo , Chen Bingsen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Taking a power station as an example and according to the technical and performance requirements of the turbine governor in small rural hydropower stations, a hydraulic station with high oil pressure is designed by adopting a highly reliable general PLC as the control device and using standardized hydraulic components; Taking into account requirements for regulating performance under the conditions of automatic regulation, manual regulation and emergency shutdown, and the reliability requirements, the hydraulic control circuit with automatic adjustment, manual adjustment and emergency stop is designed to avoid possible problems of hydraulic system by taking effective measures. The product based on the design have been developed and put into production to meet the requirements of industry standard and its application with good effect can be further promoted.
Analysis and Calculation of Hydrodynamic Pressure on Asphalt Pavement
Authors: Zhao Xueying , Ma Baofu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Asphalt pavement has been used worldwide. However, exposed to the natural environment and under the application of repeated vehicle loads, a series of typical distresses develops especially water damage. In this paper, the hydrodynamic pressure of asphalt pavement was calculated based on momentum conservation laws and verified by the hydrodynamic pressure measured in the case study engineering Xinhe-Xinzhuangzi section of Rongwu highway in Shandong Province through univariate linear regression. It was found that calculation results of equations deduced in this paper and hydrodynamic pressure measured in the case study engineering follow univariate linear regression. Therefore, hydrodynamic pressure on asphalt pavement can be calculated through equations in this paper.
Preparation and Properties Research of Manganese Dioxide-polyaniline Electrode
Authors: Zuo X L , Yi Q , Gu K C , Yan H , Wang J , Shu J H 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Hydrogen energy is the cleanest energy at present because its combustion product and no carbon emission. Electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen is generally considered to be the most promising method to produce hydrogen in large quantities. But electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen is without the use of a catalyst. Manganese dioxide is an efficient and green catalyst. MnO2 dioxide-polyaniline electrode was prepared by CV method and CV/CA method respectively. The properties of dioxide-polyaniline were studied with the linear sweep cyclic voltammetry test, electrochemical impedance test and tafel slope test, and the results were compared with those of MnO2 electrode. It was found the MnO2 dioxide-polyaniline electrode properties were outstanding. It was further showed that performance of manganese dioxide-polyaniline electrode was superior by preparation of CV/CA with the testes of XPS and SEM and stability test.
Low Viscosity Polyurethane Modified Epoxy Resin Grouting for Steel Ring Reinforcement of Subway Tunnel
Authors: Huang Liang , Xiao Ming , Li Weilong , Bi Shuguang , Tang Jiagong , Luo Xianmeng , Ran Jianhua 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Steel ring reinforcement technology is an effective method to eliminate the damage of tunnel structure caused by ground load, surrounding foundation pit and underground water source. The grouting material used to fill the gap between the tunnel segment and the steel ring should have the characteristics of low viscosity, high strength, rapid curing at room temperature and anti-subway vibration. In this work, a special polyurethane modified epoxy resin grouting was fabricated to overcome the inherent brittleness of epoxy resin, and was combined with the reactive diluent and the amine curing agent to suit the above applications. The results showed that both tensile and impact strength of epoxy resin grouting modified by polyurethane were improved obviously compared with those without modification, presenting an obvious toughening effect. Although the viscosity increased slightly, it can still meet the perfusion requirements of steel ring reinforcement of subway tunnels.
Data-Driven Analysis of Regional Water Resources Allocation Decision-Making
Authors: Chen X , Tu Y 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Regional water allocation is of great importance to regional coordinated development. Therefore, this paper constructs a data-driven model for regional water allocation analysis to address the existing problems of the imbalance between water supply and demand, irrational utilization of water resources and water scarcity. Firstly, a classification of regional water allocation case is constructed through cluster analysis to obtain similar regions with the same salient characteristics. Then, the regions in the same category are divided into regions to be predicted and other regions, and the similarity of water resources allocation between regions to be predicted and other regions is calculated. The Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation (CRITC) method is used to calculate the weighted values of each index and forecast water demands of regions to be predicted. Finally, an example analysis of water allocation of each city in Hubei province in 2020 was carried out, and the results indicated that when the water allocation of each city in Hubei province was divided into 4 categories, the water allocation characteristics of different cities are presented. The relative errors of the predicted water demand do not exceed 5%, which is highly accurate and can provide decision support for rational water allocation.
Building Energy Consumption Control Based on BIM and Machine Learning
Authors: Zheng Shiyi , Zeng Tiemei , Wu Xianguo , Qin Yawei , Xu Wensheng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
To solve the problem of building energy consumption (EC) and promote the development of green buildings in China, this paper simulates and predicts EC of building based on BIM and machine learning (ML), so as to provide optimization strategies for building energy conservation. Firstly, this paper uses designbuilder (DB) to simulate the building energy consumption of the design test. Then Support vector machine (SVM) is introduced to fit the functional relationship between energy consumption influencing factors and EC of building, and a EC prediction model is established. Finally, through range analysis, the importance ranking and optimal scheme of six energy consumption influencing factors are obtained. Taking a teaching building in Chengdu as an example, the accuracy of the prediction model is verified, which provides a theoretical basis for the optimal design of building energy conservation.
Survey on the Improvement and Application of HHL Algorithm
Authors: Liu Xiaonan , Xie Haoshan , Liu Zhengyu , Zhao Chenyan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Quantum computing is a new computing mode that follows the laws of quantum mechanics to control quantum information units for computation. In terms of computational efficiency, due to the existence of quantum mechanical superposition, some known quantum algorithms can process problems faster than traditional general-purpose computers. HHL algorithm is an algorithm for solving linear system problems. Compared with classical algorithms in solving linear equations, it has an exponential acceleration effect in certain cases and as a sub-module, it is widely used in some machine learning algorithms to form quantum machines learning algorithms. However, there are some limiting factors in the use of this algorithm, which affect the overall effect of the algorithm. How to improve it to make the algorithm perform better has become an important issue in the field of quantum computing. This paper summarizes the optimization and improvement of HHL algorithm since it was proposed, and the application of HHL algorithm in machine learning, and discusses some possible future improvements of some subroutines in HHL algorithm.
What has Belt and Road gas cooperation brought us for —— The financial benefits, the modern governance, or the narrowed distance between cultures?
Authors: Li Ding , Sun Anna , Chunyan Dai , Huilin Liu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
China proposed the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) in 2013, providing itself with a stable foundation to deepen the gas cooperation with signatories. However, such activities would inevitably confront the cross-cultural challenges that go hand in hand with lucrative opportunities. This paper explores the net policy effects of BRI in the aspects of economy, politics, and culture, together with other impacts from the national traits and the resource types. Results show that there does exist a significant BRI net policy effect on the host country’s GDP per capita and Chinese oversea projects’ net cash flow. But there’s no significance in reducing the political distance & cultural distance between the host county and China. While gas, as vital low-carbon fossil energy, does have brought changes quite differently from the traditional oil business, not only to the host country but also to Chinese investment. What’s more, even in the same country, value divergence exists between the official government & the masses. Finally, Chinese oil & gas investment preference is known for “high risk, high return” and an inclination to countries with a similar social hierarchy to its own.
An assessment on the potential of tenebrio molitor used for biodepolymerization of plastics and polystyrene: influencing factors, various feeding cases and gut microbiota
Authors: Sugumar Pradeepkumar , Shaaz Moin Sha D , Gowda Shreya , Vijay T , Keerthana S 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The present study aims to analyze the potential of mealworms (Tenebrio Monitor) used for the biodepolymerization of waste papers, plastics and polystyrenes. The various influencing factors were analyzed such as: temperature, light intensity, moisture content and energy sources. The study was conducted with two types of feeding cases that the first was, the waste papers, plastics and polystyrene were fed with oats (Avena sativa) and the above wastes were added directly to the mealworms without any additional energy sources. A similar weight of 100gms of all three wastes has been added with above two mentioned feeding cases to the mealworms. The study was conducted in a larval stage of mealworms for a period of nearly 30 days and 100 mealworms were used for each and every combination of feeding cases. Mealworms have biodepolymerized 40% of the plastic waste and polystyrene within the period of 10-12 days.
Based on the obtained results, it has been found that the gut microbiota and enzymes are the responsible for the biodepolymerization and biodegradation of plastic, polystyrene and paper waste respectively. The present study reveals that mealworms have the potential to survive even after intake of polymer substances, this leads to new pathway for the sustainable management of polymer waste and paper waste.