bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New bounds of wide‐gap frequency‐hopping sequences with frequency shift
Authors: Wei Qianhui , Han Hongyu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWith the rapid development of radar, the phenomenon of Doppler frequency shift is not rare. Frequency shift needs to be considered in order to accurately calculate the mutual interference between signals. Meanwhile, to reduce interference to the received signal, each user's frequency hopping sequence shall have wide frequency hopping gap. The authors introduce the time‐frequency two‐dimensional Hamming correlation function and extend the bounds for wide‐gap frequency‐hopping sequences. The Li–Fan–Yang–Wang bounds are the special cases of our bounds for frequency shift is zero.
Improved resolution Fourier ptychography scheme using oil‐filled dome‐shaped LED array
Authors: Mayani Mahdieh Gholami , Hussain Nazabat , Breiby Dag Werner , Akram Muhammad Nadeem 
Published: August 2022

AbstractUtilising angular‐varied illumination in Fourier Ptychography, the resolution of optical microscopes can be increased and the phase of the sample can also be recovered while maintaining a wide field‐of‐view. In this work, an Fourier Ptychography microscopy imaging setup is demonstrated using a 10X 0.28 NA objective lens and a dome‐shaped light‐emitting diode array illuminator. By increasing the refractive index of the medium between the sample and light sources using oil filled dome, a synthetic system numerical aperture of 0.68 is achieved using only 37 light‐emitting diodes. The measured resolution of 345 nm at a wavelength of 530 nm closely matches the theoretical prediction. Furthermore, the results of the oil‐medium illumination are compared to free‐space illumination. The oil immersion on the illumination side effectively enhances the illumination numerical aperture as compared to air and reduces the need for far off‐axis light‐emitting diodes. The result is high‐resolution Fourier Ptychography imaging with relatively fewer light‐emitting diodes providing both short capture and reconstruction times.
Radiology of the Mesentery
Authors: O'Regan Patrick W. , Mhuircheartaigh Jennifer M. Ní , Scanlon Timothy G. , Shelly Martin J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe recent description and re-classification of the mesentery as an organ prompted renewed interest in its role in physiological and pathological processes. With an improved understanding of its anatomy, accurately and reliably assessing the mesentery with non-invasive radiological investigation becomes more feasible.Multi-detector computed tomography is the main radiological modality employed to assess the mesentery due to its speed, widespread availability, and diagnostic accuracy.Pathologies affecting the mesentery can be classified as primary or secondary mesenteropathies. Primary mesenteropathies originate in the mesentery and subsequently progress to involve other organ systems (e.g., mesenteric ischemia or mesenteric volvulus). Secondary mesenteropathies describe disease processes that originate elsewhere and progress to involve the mesentery with varying degrees of severity (e.g., lymphoma).The implementation of standardized radiological imaging protocols, nomenclature, and reporting format with regard to the mesentery will be essential in improving the assessment of mesenteric anatomy and various mesenteropathies.In this article, we describe and illustrate the current state of art in respect of the radiological assessment of the mesentery.
Histiocytic Sarcoma WithCCND1Gene Rearrangement Clonally Related and Transdifferentiated From Mantle Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Kumar Jyoti , Al-Kawaaz Mustafa , Martin Brock A , Hegazi Mohamed M , Tan Brent , Gratzinger Dita 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesHistiocytic neoplasms demonstrate shared gene translocations and clonal immunoglobulin gene rearrangements in cases of associated B-cell lymphomas. However, the evolution of these related disease processes remains largely uncertain, especially in the setting of a prior mantle cell lymphoma.MethodsWe describe a unique case of a histiocytic sarcoma that transdifferentiated from blastoid mantle cell lymphoma after extensive therapy. Cytogenic and molecular studies were performed and provided evidence for clonal progression.ResultsWe present the first reported case of a patient with blastoid mantle cell lymphoma harboring a CCND1 rearrangement that progressed despite multiple therapeutic regimens and ultimately transdifferentiated into histiocytic sarcoma. The histiocytic sarcoma demonstrated a CCND1 rearrangement and targeted next-generation sequencing showed a pathogenic variant in NRAS, a gene involved in the RAS/MAPK pathway, known to play a role in the pathogenesis of histiocytic sarcomas. TP53, NOTCH2, CREBBP, and NFKBIE variants were also identified, which are often seen in B-cell lymphomas, while rarely described in histiocytic sarcoma.ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first report to provide evidence for clonal evolution of histiocytic sarcoma from blastoid mantle cell lymphoma based on cytogenic and molecular findings. The patient’s protracted therapeutic course may have acted as an evolutionary driver promoting this transdifferentiation process.
Grain Inoculated with Different Growth Stages of the Fungus, Aspergillus flavus, Affect the Close-Range Foraging Behavior by a Primary Stored Product Pest, Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Ponce Marco A , Lizarraga Sandra , Bruce Alexander , Kim Tania N , Morrison William R 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Although some research has investigated the interactions among stored product insects and microbes, little research has examined how specific fungal life stages affect volatile emissions in grain and linked it to the behavior of Sitophilus oryzae, the cosmopolitan rice weevil. Thus, our goals were to 1) isolate, culture, and identify two fungal life stages of Aspergillus flavus, 2) characterize the volatile emissions from grain inoculated by each fungal morphotype, and 3) understand how microbially-produced volatile organic compounds (MVOCs) from each fungal morphotype affect foraging, attraction, and preference by S. oryzae. We hypothesized that the headspace blends would be unique among our treatments and that this will lead to preferential mobility by S. oryzae among treatments. Using headspace collection coupled with GC-MS, we found the sexual life stage of A. flavus had the most unique emissions of MVOCs compared to the other semiochemical treatments. This translated to a higher interaction with kernels containing grain with the A. flavus sexual life stage, as well as a higher cumulative time spent in those zones by S. oryzae in a video-tracking assay in comparison to the asexual life stage. While fungal cues were important for foraging at close-range, the release-recapture assay indicated that grain volatiles were more important for attraction at longer distances. There was no significant preference between grain and MVOCs in a four-way olfactometer. Overall, this study enhances our understanding of how fungal cues affect the close and longer range foraging ecology of a primarily stored product insect.
Effects of Temperature and Wildflower Strips on Survival and Macronutrient Stores of the Alfalfa Leafcutting Bee (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) Under Extended Cold Storage
Authors: Park Mia G , Delphia Casey M , Prince Cassandra , Yocum George D , Rinehart Joseph P , O’Neill Kevin M , Burkle Laura A , Bowsher Julia H , Greenlee Kendra J 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMegachile rotundata (F.) is an important pollinator of alfalfa in the United States. Enhancing landscapes with wildflowers is a primary strategy for conserving pollinators and may improve the sustainability of M. rotundata. Changing cold storage temperatures from a traditionally static thermal regime (STR) to a fluctuating thermal regime (FTR) improves overwintering success and extends M. rotundata’s shelf life and pollination window. Whether floral resources enhance overwintering survival and/or interact with a thermal regime are unknown. We tested the combined effects of enhancing alfalfa fields with wildflowers and thermal regime on survival and macronutrient stores under extended cold storage (i.e., beyond one season). Megachile rotundata adults were released in alfalfa plots with and without wildflower strips. Completed nests were harvested in September and stored in STR. After a year, cells were randomly assigned to remain in STR for 6 months or in FTR for a year of extended cold storage; emergence rates were observed monthly. Macronutrient levels of emerged females were assessed. FTR improved M. rotundata survival but there was no measurable effect of wildflower strips on overwintering success or nutrient stores. Timing of nest establishment emerged as a key factor: offspring produced late in the season had lower winter survival and dry body mass. Sugars and glycogen stores increased under FTR but not STR. Trehalose levels were similar across treatments. Total lipid stores depleted faster under FTR. While wildflowers did not improve M. rotundata survival, our findings provide mechanistic insight into benefits and potential costs of FTR for this important pollinator.
Association between use of novel glucose-lowering drugs and COVID-19 hospitalization and death in patients with type 2 diabetes: a nationwide registry analysis
Authors: Ferrannini Giulia , Lund Lars H , Benson Lina , Rizzo Manfredi , Almahmeed Wael , Rosano Giuseppe M C , Savarese Gianluigi , Cosentino Francesco 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Aims
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in patients with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is associated with a worse prognosis. We separately investigated the associations between the use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA), and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i), and the risk of COVID-19 hospitalization and death.

Methods and results
Patients with T2DM registered in the Swedish National Patient Registry and alive on 1 February 2020 were included. ‘Incident severe COVID-19’ was defined as the first hospitalization and/or death from COVID-19. A modified Poisson regression approach was applied to a 1:1 propensity score-matched population receiving vs. not receiving SGLT2i, GLP-1 RA, and DPP-4i to analyse the associations between their use and (I) incident severe COVID-19 and (II) risk of 30-day mortality in patients hospitalized for COVID-19.
Among 344 413 patients, 39 172 (11%) were treated with SGLT2i, 34 290 (10%) with GLP-1 RA, and 53 044 (15%) with DPP-4i; 9538 (2.8%) had incident severe COVID-19 by 15 May 2021. SGLT2i and DPP-4i were associated with a 10% and 11% higher risk of incident severe COVID-19, respectively, whereas there was no association for GLP-1 RA. DPP-4i was also associated with a 10% higher 30-day mortality in patients hospitalized for COVID-19, whereas there was no association for SGLT2i and GLP-1 RA.

Conclusion
SGLT2i and DPP-4i use were associated with a higher risk of incident severe COVID-19. DPP-4i use was associated with higher 30-day mortality in patients with COVID-19, whereas SGLT2i use was not. No increased risk for any outcome was observed with GLP-1 RA.
GPS/BDS precise point positioning with B2b products for high-rate seismogeodesy: application to the 2021Mw 7.4 Maduo earthquake
Authors: Fang Rongxin , Lv Huanghui , Hu Zhigang , Wang Guangxing , Zheng Jiawei , Zhou Renyu , Xiao Kun , Li Min , Liu Jingnan 
Published: August 2022

SUMMARYPrecise point positioning (PPP) can measure ground motions with a centimetre-level accuracy using only one receiver. It has been widely used in earthquake monitoring and earthquake early warning (EEW) systems. However, traditional PPP highly depends on well-established and robust internet infrastructure for data communication. Along with the broadcast ephemeris, the orbit and clock corrections transmitted by the B2b signals of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) can be used to recover the precise products of GPS and BDS. Since the B2b products, namely the satellite state parameter messages, are accessible even without internet infrastructure, PPP with B2b signals is more suitable for real-time applications. This study witnesses the application of PPP with B2b products in seismic monitoring for the first time. The shake table experiments demonstrate that PPP with B2b can reach a millimetre-level accuracy in horizontal in earthquake monitoring for GPS-only, BDS-only and GPS/BDS combination. The application to the 2021 Mw 7.4 Maduo earthquake shows that the accuracies of seismic displacements derived from GPS-only PPP with B2b products are 1.7, 2.4 and 1.7 cm in east, north and vertical components, compared with those from GPS-only PPP with final precise products. We therefore conclude that PPP with B2b products has a promising prospect in seismogeodesy and related applications such as EEW and rapid hazard response.
Can Sex-Specific Metabolic Rates Provide Insight into Patterns of Metabolic Scaling?
Authors: Somjee Ummat , Shankar Anusha , Falk Jay J 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Females and males can exhibit striking differences in body size, relative trait size, physiology, and behavior. As a consequence, the sexes can have very different rates of whole-body energy use, or converge on similar rates through different physiological mechanisms. Yet many studies that measure the relationship between metabolic rate and body size only pay attention to a single sex (more often males), or do not distinguish between sexes. We present four reasons why explicit attention to energy-use between the sexes can yield insight into the physiological mechanisms that shape broader patterns of metabolic scaling in nature. First, the sexes often differ considerably in their relative investment in reproduction, which shapes much of life-history and rates of energy use. Second, males and females share a majority of their genome but may experience different selective pressures. Sex-specific energy profiles can reveal how the energetic needs of individuals are met despite the challenge of within-species genetic constraints. Third, sexual selection often pushes growth and behavior to physiological extremes. Exaggerated sexually selected traits are often most prominent in one sex, can comprise up to 50% of body mass, and thus provide opportunities to uncover energetic constraints of trait growth and maintenance. Finally, sex-differences in behavior such as mating-displays, long-distance dispersal, and courtship can lead to drastically different energy allocation among the sexes; the physiology to support this behavior can shape patterns of metabolic scaling. The mechanisms underlying metabolic scaling in females, males, and hermaphroditic animals can provide opportunities to develop testable predictions that enhance our understanding of energetic scaling patterns in nature.
Quill Mites of the Family Syringophilidae (Acariformes: Prostigmata) Associated With the New World and African Parrots (Psittaciformes: Psittacidae) With the Description of Eight New Species
Authors: Marciniak–Musial Natalia , Sikora Bozena 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we review the quill mite fauna of the family Syringophilidae Lavoipierre, 1953 (Acariformes: Prostigmata) associated with New World and African parrots (Aves: Psittaciformes: Psittacidae), and describe eight new species including: Neoaulobia unsoeldi Marciniak-Musial & Sikora sp. nov. from the Burrowing Parakeet Cyanoliseus patagonus in Argentina; Lawrencipicobia arini Marciniak-Musial & Sikora sp. nov. from the Black-headed Parrot Pionites melanocephalus in Surinam; L. ararauna Marciniak-Musial & Sikora sp. nov. from the Black-headed Parrot Ara ararauna in Brazil; L. touiti Marciniak-Musial & Sikora sp. nov. from the Golden-tailed Parrotlet Touit surdus in Brazil; Rafapicobia valdiviana Marciniak-Musial & Sikora sp. nov. from the Burrowing Parrot Cyanoliseus patagonus in Brazil; R. pyrrhura Marciniak-Musial & Sikora sp. nov. from the Green-cheeked Parakeet Pyrrhura molinae in Bolivia; R. xanthopterygius Marciniak-Musial & Sikora sp. nov. from the Blue-winged Parrotlet Forpus xanthopterygius in Brazil; and R. trainidadi Marciniak-Musial & Sikora sp. nov. from the Lilac-tailed Parrotlet Touit batavicus in Trinidad and Tobago. Additionally, we note fifteen new host species and many new locality records for the previously described taxa, and provide the keys for all species associated with psittaciform birds. Finally, we discuss the host–parasite relationships between syringophilid mites and parrots.
Recurrent Antibiotic Use in Kentucky Children With 6 Years of Continuous Medicaid Enrollment
Authors: Wattles Bethany A , Smith Michael J , Feygin Yana , Jawad Kahir S , Bhadury Sagnik , Sun Jingchao , Kong Maiying , Woods Charles R 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Little is known about the distribution of antibiotic use in individual children over time. The amoxicillin index is a recently proposed metric to assess first-line antibiotic prescribing to children.

Methods
We constructed a cohort of continuously enrolled Medicaid children using enrollment claims from 2012 to 2017. Pharmacy claims were used to identify antibiotic prescription data.

Results
Among 169 724 children with 6 years of Medicaid enrollment, 10 804 (6.4%) had no antibiotic prescription claims during the study period; 43 473 (25.6%) had 1-3 antibiotics; 34 318 (20.2%) had 4-6 antibiotics; 30 994 (18.3%) had 7-10; 35 018 (20.6%) had 11-20; and 15 117 (8.9%) children had more than 20 antibiotic prescriptions. Overall, the population had a median total of 6 antibiotic prescriptions during the study period, but use was higher in certain patient groups: younger age (8 antibiotic fills over the 6-year period, [IQR 4-14]), White children (7 [IQR 3-13], compared to 3 [IQR 1-6] in Black children), rural settings (9 [IQR 4-15]) and chronic conditions (8 [IQR 4-15]). Higher-use groups also had lower rates of amoxicillin fills, reported as amoxicillin indices.

Conclusions
Antibiotic use is common among most children insured by Kentucky Medicaid. A number of fills over time were higher in younger children, and in White children, children living in rural settings and children with chronic conditions. Patients with higher recurrent antibiotic use are important targets for designing high-impact antibiotic stewardship efforts.
Drivers of Prolonged Outpatient Antibiotic Therapy for Urinary Tract Infections and Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Authors: Shah Rohan M , Sun Shan , Shteynberg Emily , Scardina Tonya , Whitmer Grant , Patel Sameer J 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Variability exists in treatment duration for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and urinary tract infection (UTI) in children and may be associated with non-clinical factors.

Methods
A retrospective study was conducted of patients treated for outpatient CAP and UTI in a children’s hospital network from 2016 to 2019. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify predictors of long antibiotic duration (≥10 days). Hospitalization within 30 days was determined.

Results
Overall, 2124 prescriptions for CAP and 1116 prescriptions for UTI were included. Prescriptions were ≥10 days in 59.9% and 47.6% for CAP and UTI, respectively. Long durations were more common in the emergency department (ED) than in clinics for UTI’s (P = .0082), and more common in convenient care for CAP (P = .045). In UTI’s, Asian and Hispanic patients received shorter durations than white patients. Younger children had greater odds of long duration for both diagnoses. Medicaid insurance was associated with long therapy for UTI (OR: 1.660, P = .0042) and CAP (OR: 1.426, P = .0169). Residents and fellows were less likely to give long durations than attending physicians (P &lt; .0001). APNs were more likely to administer long therapies in CAP (P = .0062). Subsequent hospitalizations were uncommon for UTI (n = 10) and CAP (n = 20).

Conclusions
Younger age, Medicaid insurance, ED, and convenient care visits were associated with a long duration of therapy. Residents and fellows were less likely to give long durations.
Association of Catalase Gene Polymorphisms with Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome in a Chinese Pediatric Population
Authors: Shi Jianrong , Li Wei , Tao Ran , Zhou Dongming , Guo Yajun , Fu Haidong , Sun Anna , Zhang Junfeng , Mao Jianhua 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objective
Our aim was to investigate the association between gene polymorphisms in catalase (CAT), a well-known oxidative stress regulator, and susceptibility to idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) or responses to steroid therapy in a Chinese pediatric population.

Methods
We analyzed 3 CAT single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNVs; rs7943316, rs769217, and rs12270780) using multi-polymerase chain reaction combined with next-generation sequencing in 183 INS patients and 100 healthy controls.

Results
For the allele and genotype frequencies of the CAT SNVs, no significant differences were observed between INS patients and controls. Patients with C allele of CAT rs769217 had a higher risk of developing steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome than the steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome patients (P = 0.018; odds ratio = 1.76).

Conclusion
Our data suggests that genetic variations in CAT were unlikely to confer susceptibility to INS in Chinese children, whereas the C allele of the CAT rs769217 polymorphism showed a strong association with steroid-dependent responses in Chinese INS children.
The cold gas and dust properties of red star-forming galaxies
Authors: Chown Ryan , Parker Laura , Wilson Christine D , Brown Toby , Evans Fraser , Gao Yang , Hwang Ho Seong , Lin Lihwai , Saintonge Amelie , Sargent Mark , Smith Matthew , Xiao Ting 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
We study the cold gas and dust properties for a sample of red star-forming galaxies called ‘red misfits.’ We collect single-dish CO observations and H i observations from representative samples of low-redshift galaxies, as well as our own James Clerk Maxwell Telescope CO observations of red misfits. We also obtain SCUBA-2 850 $\mu$m observations for a subset of these galaxies. With these data we compare the molecular gas, total cold gas, and dust properties of red misfits against those of their blue counterparts (‘blue actives’) taking non-detections into account using a survival analysis technique. We compare these properties at fixed position in the log SFR–log M⋆ plane, as well as versus offset from the star-forming main sequence. Compared to blue actives, red misfits have slightly longer molecular gas depletion times, similar total gas depletion times, significantly lower molecular- and total-gas mass fractions, lower dust-to-stellar mass ratios, similar dust-to-gas ratios, and a significantly flatter slope in the log Mmol–log M⋆ plane. Our results suggest that red misfits as a population are likely quenching due to a shortage in gas supply.
VLT/UVES observation of the outflow in quasar SDSS J1439-0106
Authors: Byun Doyee , Arav Nahum , Walker Andrew 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
We analyse the VLT/UVES spectrum of the quasar SDSS J143907.5-010616.7, retrieved from the UVES Spectral Quasar Absorption Database. We identify two outflow systems in the spectrum: a mini broad absorption line (mini-BAL) system and a narrow absorption line (NAL) system. We measure the ionic column densities of the mini-BAL ($v$ = −1550 km s−1) outflow, which has excited state absorption troughs of ${\rm Fe\, \rm {\small {ii}}}$. We determine that the electron number density $\log {n_e}=3.4^{+0.1}_{-0.1}$, based on the ratios between the excited and ground state abundances of ${\rm Fe\, \rm {\small {ii}}}$, and find the kinetic luminosity of the outflow to be ${\lesssim}0.1\,\hbox{per cent}$ of the quasar’s Eddington luminosity, making it insufficient to contribute to AGN feedback.