bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment and prevention of various forms of laryngitis on the background of acute respiratory infections
Authors: Korkmazov M. Yu. , Lengina M. A. , Korkmazov А. M. , Kornova N. V. , Beloshangin А. S. 
Published: May 2022

Introduction. The relevance of the search for effective methods of treatment of various forms of laryngitis is associated with a high frequency of occurrence, which has a certain seasonality. Optimization of treatment tactics is dictated by the variability of etiopathogenetic mechanisms, with a certain similarity of clinical symptoms, and the reactivity of the mucous membrane to inflammation. The methods of treatment described in the literature are diverse and lead to the search for therapeutic adjustments.Objective. To increase the effectiveness of the treatment of various forms of acute laryngitis using the multicomponent drug Homeovox® in complex therapy.Materials and methods. A randomized simple controlled clinical trial involved 132 patients with acute laryngitis of various etiologies. Efficacy in terms of recovery time and safety were evaluated in two parallel groups: group 1, patients with acute laryngitis on the background of acute respiratory viral infection and group 2, patients with acute laryngitis on the background of a new strain “omicron”, COVID-19. In the course of treatment, both groups were divided into 2 subgroups: 1st – patients who received standard conservative therapy and the 2nd – persons who, in addition to complex therapy, received the drug – Homeovox®. Treatment results were assessed using the VAS scale, quality of life was assessed using the SNOT-22 questionnaire, cognitive functions were evaluated using standard psychological tests.Results and discussion. The use of the multicomponent preparation Homeovox®, which has multidirectional mechanisms of action in the complex therapy of patients with various forms of acute laryngitis, improved clinical symptoms, quality of life and recovery time. Good portability, high efficiency and safety were noted.Conclusions. The use of the preparation Homeovox® in the treatment of various forms of acute laryngitis has demonstrated its ability to quickly stop the symptoms of the disease and significantly improve the quality of life of patients.
What do we know about voice endurance?
Authors: Shilenkova V. V. , Pevtsova V. V. 
Published: May 2022

Introduction. It is believed that with age, the voice becomes less resistant to voice loads. Among different speech professions, it is the profession of a teacher that most often leads to voice disorders. The main reason contributing to the development of dysphonia in the teachers is the increased voice load.Оbjective. Study age-related changes in voice endurance and to assess the effect on this characteristic of voice loads, taking into account the characteristics of the teaching profession.Materials and methods. The basis of the analysis was 170 people. Of these, 125 volunteers of non-speech professions of different ages from 21 to 83 years old without organic laryngeal pathology (group I) were divided into three age subgroups: young age (40), average age (43), elderly and senile age (42). Group II consisted of 45 females of various kinds of pedagogical activities (kindergarten teachers, school teachers, university teachers). All participants were evaluated for voice endurance by using the specialized program The LingWaves and the voice strain test (VST).Results. It has been found that with age, the endurance of the voice decreases significantly, and to a greater extent in females than in males. Despite long, daily voice loads, the voice of female teachers had greater endurance than that of women in nonspeech professions. At the same time, the volume of voice load and work experience did not significantly affect the voice endurance, in contrast to the nature of pedagogical activity.Conclusions. Among teachers of different professions, it was the kindergarten teachers who demonstrated the worst indicators of VST, which is most likely due to the peculiarities of their work with young children.
A framework for forecasting the hourly nodal water demand and improving the performance of real-time hydraulic models considering model uncertainty
Authors: Jian Cai , Gao Jinliang , Xu Yongpeng , Deng Liqun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The real-time hydraulic model (RTHM) is a key assistive tool in water distribution system (WDS) management, and its performance directly affects assisted decision-making. This study develops a framework to improve the timeliness and accuracy of RTHMs, which includes the following five steps: flow data processing, establishing nodal water demand (NWD) prediction models, node grouping, data assimilation (DA) and uncertainty analysis. Based on the actual network data, the performance of two data processing methods and three machine learning algorithms are, respectively, compared, and the best is selected for modeling. In the establishment of the hourly NWD prediction models, massive data, including flow measurement and data of all 26 input variables on climate, time and social influencing factors are used. It is found that the time features are the most important model input parameter. Application results of actual network prove that the flow data processing method, accurate NWD prediction, node grouping and Kalman filter-based DA method reduce the uncertainty in the RTHM and improve its timeliness and accuracy, so as to obtain the real-time state estimation of the WDS. Accurate NWD estimation (especially in the high-demand period) and combining RTHM with DA have a great influence on the uncertainty reduction in water pressure estimation, although uncertainty is weakened in the propagation process.
The need for training and benchmark datasets for convolutional neural networks in flood applications
Authors: Khouakhi Abdou , Zawadzka Joanna , Truckell Ian 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Flood-related image datasets from social media, smartphones, CCTV cameras, and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) present valuable data for the management of flood risk, and particularly for the application of modern convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to specific flood-related problems such as flood extent detection and flood depth estimation. This review discusses the increasing role of CNNs in flood research with a growing number of published datasets, particularly since 2018. We note the lack of open and labelled flood image datasets and the growing need for an open, benchmark data library for image classification, object detection, and segmentation relevant to flood management. Such a library would provide benchmark datasets to advance CNN flood applications in general and serve as a resource, providing data scientists and the flood research community with the necessary data for model training and validation.
Integrated water management under climate change through the application of the WEAP model in a Mediterranean arid region
Authors: Hadri Abdessamad , Saidi Mohamed El Mehdi , El Khalki El Mahdi , Aachrine Brahim , Saouabe Tarik , Elmaki Abdeslam Ait 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This research aims at establishing an integrated modelling framework to assess the impact of climate change on water supply and demand across an arid area in the western Haouz plain in Morocco. Five general circulation models (GCMs) are used to evaluate the availability of future water resources under Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 emission scenarios). The projected crop water demand and irrigation water demand were analysed using the Aquacrop software, taking into account the impact of climate change on both reference evapotranspiration and crop cycle lengths. The future water balance is simulated by means of the Water Evaluation And Planning (WEAP) tool, including several socio-economic and land use scenarios under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios. The results reveal an important decrease in net precipitation with an average of −36.2% and −50.5% under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios, respectively. In terms of water balance, the ‘business as usual’ scenario would lead to an increasing unmet water demand of about +22% in the 2050 horizon and to an increased depletion of the water table that could reach 2 m/year. Changing water management and use practices remains the only solution to ensure sustainable water use and deal with the projected water scarcity.
Efficacy of influencing factors in the decision-making of irrigation water pricing: a review
Authors: Upadhyaya A. , Jeet Pawan , Singh A. K. , Kumari Arti , Sundaram P. K. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The irrigation water-pricing (IWP) system may prove to be an effective tool for meeting the increased demand for water. It includes the totality of costs that water users incur for irrigation purposes, based on principle, i.e., fixed, volumetric and crop-based. Factors like crop type, area irrigated, number of irrigations and total volume of water used by water users are considered for initiating the decision-making process of IWP in many countries of the world. There is no uniform set of principles for fixing water rates; a multiplicity of factors are followed, such as the capacity of irrigators to pay, recovery of water cost, crop water requirement, sources of water supply and its assurance. Linear programming, the Full-cost and Bayesian Network model, Residual value method, Principal Agent model and spot market pricing model have been used to estimate the impact of an IWP policy on water users. In the Indian context, a rationalized IWP mechanism alone will not suffice if the revenue collection mechanism is not streamlined and strengthened throughout the country. In order to develop a full-fledged volumetric IWP system in India, considerable changes need to be made in irrigation water supply infrastructure and operational plans need to be developed, which will provide a good balance between efficiency and equity objectives.
Study of the weakly-compressible SPH method for improving pressure distribution of violent fluid-structure impact flows
Authors: He Junling , Hou Qingzhi , Cai Yuejin , Shaokang Chen , Ruixue Gao 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
When a traditional Weakly-Compressible Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (WCSPH) model is used to simulate free surface flow with a large Reynolds number, an unstable numerical calculation due to high random pressure oscillations will result, while an accurate pressure field is of vital significance for simulating violent fluid-structure interactions. Riemann-based SPH and Delta-SPH are widely used to solve this problem. In this paper, to enhance computational efficiency, the SPH method is implemented on a General Processing Unit (GPU) platform using Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA). Parallelized SPH programs including the standard SPH method, Riemann-based SPH and Delta-SPH are verified by a dam break model with large Reynolds number and violent deformation of free surfaces. The results show that all SPH methods can vividly reflect the whole process of splashing, rolling and backward jet flow; both the Riemann-based SPH and the Delta-SPH methods are effective in alleviating the problem of inhomogeneous pressure distribution in the simulation process; the Riemann-based SPH method has better stability even with relatively large particle spacing, and it has higher accuracy in simulating impact pressure. When the number of particles reaches 100,000, compared with a single-thread Central Processing Unit (CPU) implementation, the speedups obtained with NVIDIA Titan V with high computing cores and Quadro K2200 with low computing cores are thousands and hundreds, respectively.
Potassium Channels Contributes to Apelin-induced Vasodilation in Rat
Thoracic Aorta
Authors: Sahinturk Serdar , Demirel Sadettin , Isbil Naciye , Ozyener Fadil 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Apelin is a newly discovered peptide hormone and originally discovered
endogenous apelin receptor ligand.

Objective:
In this study, we aimed to investigate the possible roles of potassium channel subtypes in
the vasorelaxant effect mechanisms of apelin.

Methods:
The vascular rings obtained from the thoracic aortas of the male Wistar Albino rats were
placed into the isolated tissue bath system. The resting tension was set to 2 g. After the equilibration
period, the aortic rings were precontracted with 10-5 M phenylephrine (PHE) or 45 mM KCl.
Pyroglutamyl-apelin-13 ([Pyr1]apelin-13), which is the dominant apelin isoform in the human
cardiovascular tissues and human plasma, was applied cumulatively (10-10-10-6 M) to the aortic
rings in the plateau phase. The experimental protocol was repeated in the presence of specific K+
channel subtype blockers to determine the role of K+ channels in the vasorelaxant effect
mechanisms of apelin.

Results:
[Pyr1]apelin-13 induced a concentration-dependent vasorelaxation (p < 0.001). The
maximum relaxation level was approximately 52%, according to PHE-induced contraction.
Tetraethylammonium, iberiotoxin, 4-Aminopyridine, glyburide, anandamide, and BaCl2 statistically
significantly decreased the vasorelaxant effect level of [Pyr1]apelin-13 (p < 0.001). However,
apamin didn’t statistically significantly change the vasorelaxant effect level of [Pyr1]apelin-13.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, our findings suggest that BKCa, IKCa, Kv, KATP, Kir, and K2P channels
are involved in the vasorelaxant effect mechanisms of apelin in the rat thoracic aorta.
Application of Aromatic Substituted 2,2,2-Trifluoro Diazoethanes in Organic Reactions
Authors: Zhang Cai 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
This review provides an overview of metal-, nonmetal-, light-, or catalyst free-promoting reactions of aromatic substituted 2,2,2-trifluoro diazoethanes with organic molecules for the synthesis of trifluoromethyl-substituted compounds. Several approaches will be reviewed and divided into (i) copper-, iron-, Trop(BF4)-, B(C6F5)3-, light-, or rhodium-promoted reactions of aromatic substituted 2,2,2-trifluoro diazoethanes with silanes, amines, mercaptans, phosphonates, p-cyanophenol, benzoic acid, diphenylphosphinic acid, boranes and nBu3SnH, (ii) rhodium-catalyzed reactions of aromatic substituted 2,2,2-trifluoro diazoethanes with amides and phenylhydroxylamine, (iii) copper-, rhodium-, silver-, and light-catalyzed reactions of aromatic substituted 2,2,2-trifluoro diazoethanes with alkynes, (iv) palladium-, copper-, rhodium- and iron-catalyzed reactions of aromatic substituted 2,2,2-trifluoro diazoethanes with alkenes, (v) BF3·OEt2-, copper-, tin- or TBAB-catalyzed reactions of aromatic substituted 2,2,2-trifluoro diazoethanes with HF·Py, (difluoroiodo)toluene (p-TolIF2), TMSCF3, AgSCF3, TMSCF2Br or 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, (vi) palladium-, copper-, gold/silver- or rhodium-catalyzed reactions of aromatic substituted 2,2,2-trifluoro diazoethanes with indoles, benzene compounds or pyridines, and (vii) palladium-catalyzed reaction of aromatic substituted 2,2,2-trifluoro diazoethanes with benzyl or allyl bromides.
Impact of POR*28 Variant on Tacrolimus Pharmacokinetics in Kidney Transplant
Patients with Different CYP3A5 Genotypes
Authors: Everton Janaina B. F. , Patrício Fernando J. B. , Faria Manuel S. , Ferreira Teresa C. A. , Filho Natalino Salgado , Silva Gyl E.B. , Romão Elen A. , Magalhães Marcelo 
Published: May 2022

Background:
The introduction of tacrolimus (TAC) to clinical practice was essential to the establishment
of transplantation as a therapy for patients with chronic renal disease. However, the higher interindividual variation
of TAC metabolism has been an important limiting factor for its clinical use. Although the relationship between
CYP3A5 polymorphisms and TAC pharmacokinetics (PK) is well established, the effects of other genetic variants on
TAC metabolism, such as POR*28, still remain uncertain.

Objective:
The study aimed to evaluate the impact of POR variants on TAC PK in renal transplant patients with
different CYP3A5 genotypes (expressers and non-expressers).

Methods:
A total of 115 patients were included in this study. Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood, and
the real-time PCR technique was used to analyze the polymorphism POR rs1057868; C>T.

Results:
During the initial post-transplant period, variant allele carriers (*1/*28 and *28/*28) showed a lower TAC
dose requirement than POR wild homozygotes (*1/*1). Regarding the influence of the different polymorphisms of
POR within the CYP3A5 expresser and non-expresser groups, no differences were observed in any of the PK parameters
analyzed during 12 months after transplantation.

Conclusion:
In the studied population, the variant allelic POR*28 was significantly associated with lower TAC dose
requirements and higher Co/D ratio in the first-month post-transplant. However, the effects of this polymorphism on
the CYP3A5 enzyme activity were not observed.
Anti-cancer Virotherapy in Russia: Lessons from the Past, Current
Challenges and Prospects for the Future
Authors: Pestov Nikolay B. , Kolyasnikova Nadezhda M. , Sanchez-Pimentel Jeanne P. , Barlev Nikolay A. , Ishmukhametov Aidar A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
The idea of using the lytic power of viruses against malignant cells has been entertained
for many decades. However, oncolytic viruses gained broad attention as an emerging anti-cancer
therapy only recently with the successful implementation of several oncolytic viruses to treat advanced
melanoma. Here we review the history of oncolytic viruses in the Russian Federation and
recent biotechnological advances in connection with the perspectives of their practical use against
aggressive tumors such as glioblastoma or pancreatic cancer. A particular emphasis is made on novel
applications of safe non-lytic virus-derived vectors armed with prodrug-converting enzyme
transgenes. Rational improvement of oncotropism by conjugation with biopolymers and nanoformulations
is also discussed.
Ziziphi Spinosae Semen: A Natural Herb Resource for Treating Neurological Disorders
Authors: Zhang Mei , Liu Jinrui , Zhang Yanqing , Xie Junbo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:Neurological disorders generally have the characteristics of occult onset and progressive development, which can do some serious damage to the human body in the aging process. It is worth noting that traditional medicine can potentially prevent and treat such diseases. Ziziphi Spi-nosae Semen (ZSS), the seeds of Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa, has a long clinical history for sleep regulation. In recent years, ZSS has been proved to exhibit various types of neuroprotective activity, such as sleep improvement, antidepressant, anti-anxiety, memory improvement, etc. It has become a popular natural product due to its many inherently available compounds that demonstrate medicinal and pharmacological importance. This paper reviews the main components and their metabolic transformation processes, highlights the various neurofunctional regulation activities and the mech-anisms of ZSS, providing a theoretical basis for further research and clinical application of this nat-ural medicine.
Structural and Functional Brain Changes Associated with Vitamin B12
Deficiency using Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Systematic Review and
Meta-analysis
Authors: Alghamdi Ali 
Published: May 2022

Aim:
This review was conducted to assess the structural and functional brain changes associated
with vitamin B12 deficiency in different age groups using MRI.

Methods:
PubMed, Embase, Medline, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were
searched for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies that explored structural and functional brain
changes associated with vitamin B12 deficiency in different age groups. The inclusion criteria were as
follows: (1) the population consisted of people and not animals; (2) patients with known B12 deficiency;
(3) English publications; (3) at least one of the following brain MRI techniques had been employed:
VBM, DWI, DTI, fMRI, or rs-fMRI. However, case reports, systematic reviews and meta-analyses
were excluded.

Results:
Twelve articles met the inclusion criteria. The results of my review show a connection between
vitamin B12 deficiency and abnormal structural and functional brain changes in several brain regions.
These changes were observed in different age groups ranging from a mean age of seven years to a mean
age in the 70s. The results also highlight the association between brain changes and cognitive decline
among affected subjects. Improvements in damaged brain regions post-vitamin B12 treatment were also
studied.

Conclusion:
Structural and functional brain damage was found to be associated with vitamin B12 deficiency
in all age groups. Vitamin B12 treatment may lead to partial or complete structural and/or functional
recovery, as well as a cognitive recovery.
Image Analysis and Diagnosis of Skin Diseases - A Review
Authors: Li Xuhui , Zhao Xinyu , Ma Haoran , Xie Bin 
Published: May 2022

Background:Skin disease image analysis has drawn extensive attention from researchers, which can help doctors efficiently diagnose skin disease from medical images. Existing reviews have focused only on the specific task of skin disease diagnosis based on a single medical image type.Discussion:This paper presents the latest and comprehensive review of image analysis methods in skin diseases, and summarizes over 350 contributions to the field, most of which appeared in the last three years. We first sort out representative publicly available skin datasets and summarize their characteristics. Thereafter, aiming at the typical problems exposed by datasets, we organize the image preprocessing and data enhancement part. Further, we review the single tasks of skin disease image analysis in the literature such as classification, detection or segmentation, and analyze the improvement direction of their corresponding methods. Additionally, popular multi-task models based on structure and loss function are also investigated.Conclusions:Challenges involved from the aspects of the dataset and model structure are discussed.
Differential Performances in Lesions and Radiotracer of 18F-FDG
PET/CT between Multiple Myeloma and Unknown Osteolytic Metastasis
Authors: Li Dan , Deng Chengwen , Han Dongyan , Zhang Xiaoying , Lv Zhongwei 
Published: May 2022

Purpose:
To investigate the differential performances in lesions and radio-tracer of 18F-FDG PET/CT between multiple myeloma and unknown osteolytic metastasis.

Methods:
A retrospective study was performed on 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging of 63 patients with multiple
bone destructions without extraosseous primary malignant tumors. By pathological diagnosis, 20
patients were confirmed to have multiple myeloma and 43 patients to have unknown osteolytic metastasis.
The whole body was categorized into 8 sites: skull, spine, ribs, pelvis, sternum, clavicle, scapula and
limb bone. The length of lesion cross-sections, cortical bone damage, SUVmax and radiotracer distribution
were comprehensively compared to differentiate these two diseases.

Results:
The cross-section lengths and SUVmax of the lesions in 5 sites (e.g., skull, spine, ribs, pelvis,
and limb bone) were significantly shorter and lower in the multiple myeloma group than those of the
unknown osteolytic metastasis group (P < 0.05). The 18F-FDG was more uniformly distributed in the
lesion sites of the skull, spine, ribs, pelvis, scapula, and limb bone in the multiple myeloma group (P <
0.05). In the spine and rib lesion sites, the multiple myeloma group was more likely to show noncortical
bone damage than the unknown osteolytic metastasis group (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
We find the differential performances in lesions and 18F-FDG between multiple myeloma and unknown osteolytic metastasis is obvious by comprehensively comparing the length of lesion cross sections, cortical bone damage, SUVmax, the distribution of radio-tracer on18F-FDG PET/CT imaging.