bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying the role of preoperative oral/dental health care in post-esophagectomy pulmonary complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Papaconstantinou Dimitrios , Fournaridi Aikaterini-Venedikti , Tasioudi Konstantina , Lidoriki Irene , Michalinos Adamantios , Konstantoudakis Georgios , Schizas Dimitrios 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEsophageal surgery has traditionally been associated with high morbidity rates. Despite the recent advances in the field of minimally invasive surgery and the introduction of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols, post-esophagectomy morbidity, especially that attributed to the respiratory system, remains a concern. In that respect, preoperative intensification of oral care or introduction of structured oral/dental hygiene regimens may lead to tangible postoperative benefits associated with reduced morbidity (respiratory or otherwise) and length of hospital stay. A systematic literature search of the Medline, Embase, Web of Knowledge and clinicaltrials.gov databases was undertaken for studies reporting use of preoperative oral/dental hygiene improvement regimens in patients scheduled to undergo esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. Meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model. After screening 796 unique studies, seven were deemed eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Pooled results indicated equivalent postoperative pneumonia rates in the oral pretreatment group and control groups (8.7 vs. 8.5%, respectively); however, the odds for developing pneumonia were reduced by 50% in the pretreatment group (odds ratio 0.5, 95% C.I. 0.37 to 0.69, P &lt; 0.001). No statistically significant difference was detected in the anastomotic leak (odds ratio 0.93, 95% C.I. 0.38 to 2.24, P = 0.87) and length of stay outcomes (mean difference 0.63, 95% C.I. −3.22 to 4.47, P = 0.75). Oral/dental pretreatment reduces the odds for developing post-esophagectomy pneumonia. This finding should be cautiously interpreted given the significant limitations inherent in this meta-analysis. Further investigation via well-designed clinical trials is thus warranted before implementation in routine practice can be recommended.
Harmonization of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association and European Society of Cardiology/European Society of Hypertension Blood Pressure/Hypertension Guidelines
Authors: Whelton Paul K , Carey Robert M , Mancia Giuseppe , Kreutz Reinhold , Bundy Joshua D , Williams Bryan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association and 2018 European Society of Cardiology/European Society of Hypertension clinical practice guidelines for management of high blood pressure/hypertension are influential documents. Both guidelines are comprehensive, were developed using rigorous processes, and underwent extensive peer review. The most notable difference between the 2 guidelines is the blood pressure cut points recommended for the diagnosis of hypertension. There are also differences in the timing and intensity of treatment, with the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guideline recommending a somewhat more intensive approach. Overall, there is substantial concordance in the recommendations provided by the 2 guideline-writing committees, with greater congruity between them than their predecessors. Additional harmonization of future guidelines would help to underscore the commonality of their core recommendations and could serve to catalyze changes in practice that would lead to improved prevention, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension, worldwide.
Prenatal exposure to the Chinese famine of 1959–62 and risk of cardiovascular diseases in adulthood: findings from the China PEACE million persons project
Authors: Chen Chaolei , Nie Zhiqiang , Wang Jiabin , Ou Yanqiu , Cai Anping , Huang Yuqing , Yang Qingling , Liu Simin , Li Jie , Feng Yingqing 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Aims
Much remains unknown about the role of prenatal exposure to environmental stressors in the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The current study aimed to investigate whether exposure to famine early in life was associated with a higher risk of CVD in adulthood.

Methods and results
Among 71 667 men and women participated in the Patient-centred Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events (PEACE) Million Persons Project in southern China, specific years of birth were used to define two cohorts: the exposed group (born during the famine of 1959–62) and the non-exposed group [born before the famine (1949–58) or after the famine (1963–72)]. Multivariable-adjusted generalized linear models were used to examine the associations of famine exposure with the risk of developing CVD, as well as with the 10-year CVD risk defined by well-established risk scores. Compared with the non-famine group, early-life exposure to the Chinese famine was significantly associated with increased risks of total CVD (odds ratio, OR = 1.28, 95% confidence interval: 1.16–1.41), coronary heart disease [OR: 1.23 (1.07–1.41)], acute myocardial infarction [OR: 1.32 (1.01–1.70)], heart failure [OR: 2.01 (1.53–2.60)], and stroke [OR: 1.28 (1.12–1.45)] in adulthood. In those without established CVD, early-life exposure to the famine was associated with higher levels of total cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, waist circumference, risk of diabetes, and therefore 10-year CVD risk.

Conclusion
Early-life exposure to the Chinese famine is associated with an elevated CVD risk later in life, independent of known risk factors.
Corporate political activity in the context of sugar-sweetened beverage tax policy in the WHO European Region
Authors: Lauber Kathrin , Rippin Holly , Wickramasinghe Kremlin , Gilmore Anna B 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) taxes have emerged as an effective and increasingly popular tool to reduce added sugar intake, an important contributor to obesity and non-communicable diseases. A common barrier to the implementation of well-designed SSB taxes is the opposition of commercial actors. Focusing on the WHO European Region, this study seeks to map if and how key stakeholders have experienced industry efforts to influence SSB taxes.

Methods
We identified 11 countries in the WHO European Region which have implemented SSB taxes or attempted to do so. Using an online survey informed by the global literature on industry interference with SSB taxation, we approached 70 in-country policymakers, advocates and academics. The data were analysed using an existing framework of corporate political activity.

Results
Twenty-three experts from nine countries responded to the survey. Transnational SSB producers and their business associations were identified as the most active opponents of SSB taxation. Industry claims that the policy would have negative economic effects were identified as the most common and powerful arguments. Direct lobbying was reported in all study countries. Shifts in political activity were recognisable across stages of the policy process, moving from outright opposition to attempts to delay or weaken the policy after its announcement.

Conclusion
Those seeking to introduce effective SSB taxation can use our findings to pre-empt and counter industry opposition. We identify several measures for preventing and mitigating industry interference with SSB tax policy.
Inferring fluid volume during earthquake swarms using seismic catalogues
Authors: Danré Philippe , De Barros Louis , Cappa Frédéric 
Published: September 2022

SUMMARY
Many studies have pointed out a correlation between either the cumulative or the maximum seismic moment and the injected fluid volume when analysing global data sets of fluid injection-induced earthquake sequences. However, those correlations become quite uncertain when looking at individual episodes, mainly because of the large aseismic component of the induced deformation. If natural swarms are thought to result from the same physical processes as sequences from anthropogenic origin, little is still known about them as observations are limited by the depth of the active zone and the moderate deformations. In this work, we make profit of the similarity between both natural and injection-induced swarms. To this aim, we develop new relations between seismic observables and hydraulic attributes by using a global compilation of injection-induced earthquake catalogues, leading to two methods to estimate the injected fluid volume based solely on earthquake catalogues. Once the precision of our approaches is validated, we estimate the volume and flowrate of fluids circulating in diverse natural swarms, shedding a new light on the fluid dynamics that trigger them.
An LTR retrotransposon in the promoter of a PsMYB10.2 gene associated with the regulation of fruit flesh color in Japanese plum
Authors: Fiol Arnau , García Sergio , Dujak Christian , Pacheco Igor , Infante Rodrigo , Aranzana Maria José 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Japanese plums exhibit wide diversity of fruit coloration. The red to black hues are caused by the accumulation of anthocyanins, while their absence results in yellow, orange or green fruits. In Prunus, MYB10 genes are determinants for anthocyanin accumulation. In peach, QTLs for red plant organ traits map in an LG3 region with three MYB10 copies (PpMYB10.1, PpMYB10.2 and PpMYB10.3). In Japanese plum the gene copy number in this region differs with respect to peach: there are at least three copies of PsMYB10.1, with the expression of one of them (PsMYB10.1a) correlating with fruit skin color. The objective of this study was to determine a possible role of LG3-PsMYB10 genes in the natural variability of the flesh color trait and to develop a molecular marker for marker-assisted selection (MAS). We explored the variability within the LG3-PsMYB10 region using long-range sequences obtained in previous studies through CRISPR-Cas9 enrichment sequencing. We found that the PsMYB10.2 gene was only expressed in red flesh fruits. Its role in promoting anthocyanin biosynthesis was validated by transient overexpression in Japanese plum fruits. The analysis of long-range sequences identified an LTR retrotransposon in the promoter of the expressed PsMYB10.2 gene that explained the trait in 93.1% of the 145 individuals analyzed. We hypothesize that the LTR retrotransposon may promote the PsMYB10.2 expression and activate the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway. We propose for the first time the PsMYB10.2 gene as candidate for the flesh color natural variation in Japanese plum and provide a molecular marker for MAS.
Estimating the excess burden of pertussis disease in Australia within the first year of life, that might have been prevented through timely vaccination
Authors: Jayasundara Duleepa , Randall Deborah , Sheridan Sarah , Sheppeard Vicky , Liu Bette , Richmond Peter C , Blyth Christopher C , Wood James G , Moore Hannah C , McIntyre Peter B , Gidding Heather F 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Previous Australian studies have shown that delayed vaccination with each of the three primary doses of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis-containing vaccines (DTP) is up to 50 % in certain subpopulations. We estimated the excess burden of pertussis that might have been prevented if (i) all primary doses and (ii) each dose was given on time.

Methods
Perinatal, immunization, pertussis notification and death data were probabilistically linked for 1 412 984 infants born in two Australian states in 2000–12. A DTP dose administered &gt;15 days after the recommended age was considered delayed. We used Poisson regression models to compare pertussis notification rates to 1-year of age in infants with ≥1 dose delayed (Aim 1) or any individual dose delayed (Aim 2) versus a propensity weighted counterfactual on-time cohort.

Results
Of all infants, 42% had ≥1 delayed DTP dose. We estimated that between 39 to 365 days of age, 85 (95% CI: 61–109) cases per 100 000 infants, could have been prevented if all infants with ≥1 delayed dose had received their three doses within the on-time window. Risk of pertussis was higher in the delayed versus the on-time cohort, so crude rates overestimated the excess burden (110 cases per 100 000 infants (95% CI: 95–125)). The estimated dose-specific excess burden per 100 000 infants was 132 for DTP1, 50 for DTP2 and 19 for DTP3.

Conclusions
We provide robust evidence that improved DTP vaccine timeliness, especially for the first dose, substantially reduces the burden of infant pertussis. Our methodology, using a potential outcomes framework, is applicable to other settings.
Smaller generalization error derived for a deep residual neural network compared with shallow networks
Authors: Kammonen Aku , Kiessling Jonas , Plecháč Petr , Sandberg Mattias , Szepessy Anders , Tempone Raul 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Estimates of the generalization error are proved for a residual neural network with $L$ random Fourier features layers $\bar z_{\ell +1}=\bar z_\ell + \textrm {Re}\sum _{k=1}^K\bar b_{\ell k}\,e^{\textrm {i}\omega _{\ell k}\bar z_\ell }+ \textrm {Re}\sum _{k=1}^K\bar c_{\ell k}\,e^{\textrm {i}\omega ^{\prime}_{\ell k}\cdot x}$. An optimal distribution for the frequencies $(\omega _{\ell k},\omega ^{\prime}_{\ell k})$ of the random Fourier features $e^{\textrm {i}\omega _{\ell k}\bar z_\ell }$ and $e^{\textrm {i}\omega ^{\prime}_{\ell k}\cdot x}$ is derived. This derivation is based on the corresponding generalization error for the approximation of the function values $f(x)$. The generalization error turns out to be smaller than the estimate ${\|\hat f\|^2_{L^1({\mathbb {R}}^d)}}/{(KL)}$ of the generalization error for random Fourier features, with one hidden layer and the same total number of nodes $KL$, in the case of the $L^\infty $-norm of $f$ is much less than the $L^1$-norm of its Fourier transform $\hat f$. This understanding of an optimal distribution for random features is used to construct a new training method for a deep residual network. Promising performance of the proposed new algorithm is demonstrated in computational experiments.
A quality assurance initiative on improving cefazolin perioperative redose compliance
Authors: Qureshi Faiza , Romeiser Jamie Lee , Murphy Paul F , Go Roderick A , Abola Ramon 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objective
Compliance with perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis is crucial for preventing surgical site infection. Anesthesiologists can play a significant role in reducing surgical site infections by following clinical practice guidelines for antibiotic prophylaxis and redosing during surgery. A quality assurance initiative was implemented at a tertiary hospital with the goal of improving cefazolin perioperative antibiotic compliance.

Design
This was a retrospective observational study

Setting
Main operating room of a tertiary care teaching hospital in New York, USA. Our main operating room includes 22 operating rooms that incorporates surgeries from general surgery, vascular surgery, neurology, gynecology, urology, orthopedics, ear, nose and throat (ENT) etc.

Participants
All cases in the main operating room from March 1, 2018 to March 31, 2021 that received first dose of Cefazolin and in which the duration of surgery was more than 4 hrs.

Intervention
A multifaceted intervention was initiated to address low compliance with cefazolin redosing. Multifaceted interventions included the development of a perioperative antibiotic guide for anesthesia providers, automated reminders in anesthesia electronic medical records, grand rounds education, survey and email communications, and regular feedback reports to the anesthesia department.

Main outcome Measures
Cefazolin perioperative redose compliance rate.

Results
Rates of redose compliance were examined in three time periods: preintervention, intervention and postintervention. Cefazolin redosing compliance was 58% in the preintervention period and 90% in the postintervention period. There was a significant positive change in the trend of compliance during the intervention period, indicating that the odds of compliance increased by 13% per month in the intervention period compared to the preintervention period (odds ratio = 1.13, P &lt; 0.001). Redose compliance improvements were sustained a year after the postintervention period (an average of 91%). Surgical site infection rates for colon, coronary artery bypass graft and hip surgeries did not show any significant trend during these time periods.

Conclusion
Multifaceted interventions led to significant and sustained improvements in cefazolin redosing compliance in the main operating room of a tertiary hospital.
Do electronic health record systems “dumb down” clinicians?
Authors: Melton Genevieve B , Cimino James J , Lehmann Christoph U , Sengstack Patricia R , Smith Joshua C , Tierney William M , Miller Randolph A 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A panel sponsored by the American College of Medical Informatics (ACMI) at the 2021 AMIA Symposium addressed the provocative question: “Are Electronic Health Records dumbing down clinicians?” After reviewing electronic health record (EHR) development and evolution, the panel discussed how EHR use can impair care delivery. Both suboptimal functionality during EHR use and longer-term effects outside of EHR use can reduce clinicians’ efficiencies, reasoning abilities, and knowledge. Panel members explored potential solutions to problems discussed. Progress will require significant engagement from clinician-users, educators, health systems, commercial vendors, regulators, and policy makers. Future EHR systems must become more user-focused and scalable and enable providers to work smarter to deliver improved care.
Determination of the Physiological Age in Two Tephritid Fruit Fly Species Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: González-López Gonzalo I , Valenzuela-Carrasco G , Toledo-Mesa Edmundo , Juárez-Durán Maritza , Tapia-McClung Horacio , Pérez-Staples Diana 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The Mexican fruit fly (Anastrepha ludens, Loew, Diptera: Tephritidae) and the Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata, Wiedemann, Diptera: Tephritidae) are among the world's most damaging pests affecting fruits and vegetables. The Sterile Insect Technique (SIT), which consists in the mass-production, irradiation, and release of insects in affected areas is currently used for their control. The appropriate time for irradiation, one to two days before adult emergence, is determined through the color of the eyes, which varies according to the physiological age of pupae. Age is checked visually, which is subjective and depends on the technician's skill. Here, image processing and Machine Learning techniques were implemented as a method to determine pupal development using eye color. First, Multi Template Matching (MTM) was used to correctly crop the eye section of pupae for 96.2% of images from A. ludens and 97.5% of images for C. capitata. Then, supervised Machine Learning algorithms were applied to the cropped images to classify the physiological age according to the color of the eyes. Algorithms based on Inception v1, correctly identified the physiological age of maturity at 2 d before emergence, with a 75.0% accuracy for A. ludens and 83.16% for C. capitata, respectively. Supervised Machine Learning algorithms based on Neural Networks could be used as support in determining the physiological age of pupae from images, thus reducing human error and uncertainty in decisions as when to irradiate. The development of a user interface and an automatization process could be further developed, based on the data obtained on this study.
Standardized Field Trials in Cotton and Bioassays to Evaluate Resistance of Tobacco Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) to Insecticides in the Southern United States
Authors: Krob Jessica L , Stewart Scott D , Brown Sebe A , Kerns Dawson , Graham Scott H , Perkins Clay , Huseth Anders S , Kennedy George G , Reisig Dominic D , Taylor Sally V , Towles Tyler B , Kerns David L , Thrash Benjamin C , Lorenz Gus M , Bateman Nick R , Cook Don R , Crow Whitney D , Gore Jeffrey , Catchot Angus L , Musser Fred R , Catchot Beverly 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFoliar-applied insecticide treatments may be necessary to manage thrips in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) under severe infestations or when at-planting insecticide seed treatments do not provide satisfactory protection. The most common foliar-applied insecticide is acephate. Field observations in Tennessee suggest that the performance of acephate has declined. Thus, the first objective was to perform leaf-dip bioassays to assess if tobacco thrips, Frankliniella fusca (Hinds) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), in cotton production regions have evolved resistance to foliar-applied insecticides. A second objective was to assess the performance of commonly applied foliar insecticides for managing thrips in standardized field trials in Arkansas, Tennessee, Mississippi, and Texas. For both objectives, several insecticides were evaluated including acephate, dicrotophos, dimethoate, lambda-cyhalothrin, imidacloprid, and spinetoram. Field trials and bioassays were completed from 2018 to 2021. Dose-response bioassays with acephate were performed on tobacco thrips field populations and a susceptible laboratory population. Bioassay results suggest that tobacco thrips have developed resistance to acephate and other organophosphate insecticides; however, this resistance seems to be most severe in Arkansas, Tennessee, and the Delta region of Mississippi. Resistance to other classes of insecticides were perhaps even more evident in these bioassays. The performance of these insecticides in field trials was variable, with tobacco thrips only showing consistent signs of resistance to lambda-cyhalothrin. However, it is evident that many populations of tobacco thrips are resistant to multiple classes of insecticides. Further research is needed to determine heritability and resistance mechanism(s).
The logic languages of the TPTP world
Authors: Sutcliffe Geoff 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The Thousands of Problems for Theorem Provers (TPTP) World is a well-established infrastructure that supports research, development and deployment of automated theorem proving systems. This paper provides an overview of the logic languages of the TPTP World, from classical first-order form (FOF), through typed FOF, up to typed higher-order form, and beyond to non-classical forms. The logic languages are described in a non-technical way and are illustrated with examples using the TPTP language.
Orbital angular momentum-resolved convergent-beam electron diffraction by the post-selected injection of electron beam
Authors: Saitoh Koh , Yonezawa Tatsuya , Nambu Hiroki , Tanimura Shogo , Uchida Masaya 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Recent advances in the production of electron vortex beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) offer unique opportunities to explore materials at the nanoscale level. We present a novel method for observing convergent-beam electron diffraction (CBED) patterns by using an electron vortex beam. In a transmission electron microscope, a series of electron vortex beams generated by a forked grating mask located above the specimen illuminate the specimen, and CBED patterns are imaged onto the observation plane of the microscope, selecting one of the electron vortex beams using an aperture located beneath the specimen. We demonstrate that the post-selection method yields the same OAM-resolved CBED patterns as when a single convergent electron beam is injected. The formation mechanism of the post-selected CBED is also discussed. This post-selection method is general and can be applied to electron energy-loss spectroscopy to probe multipole excitations using electron vortex beams.