bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Constraining H0 via extragalactic parallax
Authors: Ferree Nicolas C , Bunn Emory F 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
We examine the prospects for measurement of the Hubble parameter H0 via observation of the secular parallax of other galaxies due to our own motion relative to the cosmic microwave background rest frame. Peculiar velocities make distance measurements to individual galaxies highly uncertain, but a survey sampling many galaxies can still yield a precise H0 measurement. We use both a Fisher information formalism and simulations to forecast errors in H0 from such surveys, marginalizing over the unknown peculiar velocities. The optimum survey observes ∼102 galaxies within a redshift zmax = 0.06. The required errors on proper motion are comparable to those that can be achieved by Gaia and future astrometric instruments. A measurement of H0 via parallax has the potential to shed light on the tension between different measurements of H0.
Virial masses of late-type galaxies from the SDSS DR16
Authors: Nigoche-Netro A , de la Fuente E , Diaz R J , Agüero M P , Kemp S N , Marquez-Lugo R A , Lagos P , Ruelas-Mayorga A , López-Contreras N L 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
Motivated by the challenges of calculating the dynamical masses of late-type galaxies (LTGs) and the enormous amount of data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), we calculate virial masses of a sample of approximately 126 000 LTGs from the sixteenth data release of the SDSS. The virial mass estimations were made considering Newtonian mechanics, virial equilibrium and velocity dispersion from stars and gas. The procedure gave as a result seven mass estimations for each galaxy. The calculated masses were calibrated using a sample of spiral galaxies with velocity rotation curves. Considering the results from the calibration, we find that the correlation between virial and dynamical (rotation curve) masses is stronger for high inclination values. Therefore, the calibration relies more on the available data for higher inclination angle galaxies. We also show that if we have a heterogeneous sample of galaxies one must take into consideration the size and colour of these galaxies by using the following variables: Sersic index n, concentration index, and colour of the stars. For relatively smaller and bluer LTGs, the gas velocity dispersion provides a more consistent mass calculation, while for LTGs that are relatively larger and redder the stellar velocity dispersion provides a better correlated mass calculation.
The Elephant Evolved p53 Isoforms that Escape MDM2-Mediated Repression and Cancer
Authors: Padariya Monikaben , Jooste Mia-Lyn , Hupp Ted , Fåhraeus Robin , Vojtesek Borek , Vollrath Fritz , Kalathiya Umesh , Karakostis Konstantinos 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe p53 tumor suppressor is a transcription factor with roles in cell development, apoptosis, oncogenesis, aging, and homeostasis in response to stresses and infections. p53 is tightly regulated by the MDM2 E3 ubiquitin ligase. The p53–MDM2 pathway has coevolved, with MDM2 remaining largely conserved, whereas the TP53 gene morphed into various isoforms. Studies on prevertebrate ancestral homologs revealed the transition from an environmentally induced mechanism activating p53 to a tightly regulated system involving cell signaling. The evolution of this mechanism depends on structural changes in the interacting protein motifs. Elephants such as Loxodonta africana constitute ideal models to investigate this coevolution as they are large and long-living as well as having 20 copies of TP53 isoformic sequences expressing a variety of BOX-I MDM2-binding motifs. Collectively, these isoforms would enhance sensitivity to cellular stresses, such as DNA damage, presumably accounting for strong cancer defenses and other adaptations favoring healthy aging. Here we investigate the molecular evolution of the p53–MDM2 system by combining in silico modeling and in vitro assays to explore structural and functional aspects of p53 isoforms retaining the MDM2 interaction, whereas forming distinct pools of cell signaling. The methodology used demonstrates, for the first time that in silico docking simulations can be used to explore functional aspects of elephant p53 isoforms. Our observations elucidate structural and mechanistic aspects of p53 regulation, facilitate understanding of complex cell signaling, and suggest testable hypotheses of p53 evolution referencing Peto’s Paradox.
Effects of imbalance of mineral elements on peripheral neutrophil metabolism in sheep
Authors: Wang Di , Zhou Qijun , Ji Ming , Zhou Xiaoqiao , Wang Jianfa , Lian Shuai 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The imbalance of mineral element homeostasis in animals is common, causing animal immune dysfunction. Ten female sheep were randomly selected and injected with 4% (w/v) Na2EDTA through a central venous catheter to establish the mineral element imbalance model, then divided into control group (before injection) and Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid (EDTA) group (after injection). Isolation of peripheral blood neutrophils for mineral elements content determination was done using Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and nontargeted metabolomics analysis using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). The ICP–MS results showed that Hg and Cs levels in neutrophils were significantly lower after injection than before (P &lt; 0.05), but had no significant effects on other elements. Our previous study showed that serum Zn, P, K, and other 11 elements were significantly lower after the injection of Na2EDTA than before. LC–MS/MS results showed that differential metabolites are mainly involved in amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and nucleotide metabolism; monoamine metabolism was weakened; and polyamine metabolism was enhanced. Under positive and negative ion modes, the mineral elements P, K, Ca, Mn, Cu, and Zn had the highest correlation with the differential metabolites of neutrophils, followed by Se, and the correlation between each mineral element and different differential metabolites was also different. The results indicated that the imbalance in mineral elements affected the metabolism of sheep neutrophils, these may affect neutrophil function, and Na2EDTA could help to reduce the level of heavy metals in the body of sheep. Our data may provide a theoretical basis for the precise regulation of animal immune metabolism by modern animal husbandry nutrition.
Retrospective study of 59 cases of cancer-associated thrombotic microangiopathy: presentation and treatment characteristics
Authors: Decaestecker Antoine , Hamroun Aghilès , Provot François , Rondeau Eric , Faguer Stanislas , Sallee Marion , Titeca-Beauport Dimitri , Rebibou Jean Michel , Forestier Alexandra , Azar Raymond , Deltombe Clément , Wynckel Alain , Grange Steven , Fremeaux Bacchi Veronique , Cartery Claire 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundCancer-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is a rare disease, with a poor prognosis. The classical treatment is urgent chemotherapy. Few data are available on the efficacy of plasma exchange (PE) and eculizumab in these patients.MethodsCases of cancer-related TMA treated between January 2008 and December 2019 in 12 French treatment centres were retrospectively analysed, excluding cases associated with chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation. Patients were divided into four groups depending on the treatment received: none, PE therapy alone, chemotherapy, with or without PE therapy, or eculizumab, with or without chemotherapy and PE therapy.ResultsThe data of 59 patients with cancer-associated TMA were analysed. Twenty of these cases were related to a cancer recurrence. The cancer was metastatic in 90% of cases (53/59). Bone marrow invasion was observed in 20/41 biopsies. Some laboratory results, including disseminated intravascular coagulation high ferritin and C-reactive protein, were suggestive of cancer. None of the 16 patients whose alternative complement pathway was assessed had abnormal levels of protein expression or activity. The median survival time was 27 days. Chemotherapy was significantly associated with improved survival, with a 30-day survival rate of 85% (17/20) among patients who received PE and chemotherapy, versus 20% (3/15) among patients who received PE alone. Patients treated with eculizumab in addition to chemotherapy and PE therapy did not have longer overall survival or higher haematological remission rates than those treated with chemotherapy and PE therapy alone. Renal remission rates were non-significantly higher, and times to remission non-significantly shorter, in the eculizumab group.ConclusionsNephrologists and oncologists should make themselves aware of cancer diagnoses in patients with TMA and bone marrow biopsies should be performed systematically in these cases. All 59 patients had poor survival outcomes, but patients treated with urgent initiation of chemotherapy survived significantly longer than those who were not.
The modifying effect of the serum-to-dialysate potassium gradient on the cardiovascular safety of SSRIs in the hemodialysis population: a pharmacoepidemiologic study
Authors: Assimon Magdalene M , Pun Patrick H , Al-Khatib Sana M , Brookhart Maurice Alan , Gaynes Bradley N , Winkelmayer Wolfgang C , Flythe Jennifer E 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
Hypokalemia is a risk factor for drug-induced QT prolongation. Larger serum-to-dialysate potassium gradients during hemodialysis (HD) may augment the proarrhythmic risks of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).

Methods
We conducted a cohort study using 2007–2017 data from the United States Renal Data System and a large dialysis provider to examine if the serum-to-dialysate potassium gradient modifies SSRI cardiac safety. Using a new-user design, we compared 1-year sudden cardiac death (SCD) risk among HD patients newly treated with higher (citalopram, escitalopram) versus lower (fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, sertraline) QT-prolonging potential SSRIs, overall and stratified by baseline potassium gradient (≥4 versus &lt;4 mEq/l). We used inverse probability of treatment-weighted survival models to estimate weighted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and conducted a confirmatory nested case–control study.

Results
The study included 25 099 patients: 11 107 (44.3%) higher QT-prolonging potential SSRI new users and 13 992 (55.7%) lower QT-prolonging potential SSRI new users. Overall, higher versus lower QT-prolonging potential SSRI use was not associated with SCD [weighted HR 1.03 (95% CI 0.86–1.24)]. However, a greater risk of SCD was associated with higher versus lower QT-prolonging potential SSRI use among patients with baseline potassium gradients ≥4 mEq/l but not among those with gradients &lt;4 mEq/l [weighted HR 2.17 (95% CI 1.16–4.03) versus 0.95 (0.78–1.16)]. Nested case–control analyses yielded analogous results.

Conclusions
The serum-to-dialysate potassium gradient may modify the association between higher versus lower QT-prolonging SSRI use and SCD among people receiving HD. Minimizing the potassium gradient in the setting of QT-prolonging medication use may be warranted.
The Effect of Conflicting Public Health Guidance on Smokers’ and Vapers’ E-cigarette Harm Perceptions
Authors: Svenson Madeleine R E , Freeman Tom P , Maynard Olivia M 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
E-cigarettes are increasingly being viewed, incorrectly, as more harmful than cigarettes. This may discourage smokers from switching to e-cigarettes. One potential explanation for these increasingly harmful attitudes is conflicting information presented in the media and online, and from public health bodies.

Aims and Methods
In this prospectively registered online study, we aimed to examine the impact of conflicting public health information on smokers’ and vapers’ e-cigarette harm perceptions. Daily UK smokers who do not vape (n = 334) and daily UK vapers (n = 368) were randomized to receive either: (1) a consistent harm reduction statement from two different public health bodies (Harm Reduction), (2) a consistent negative statement about e-cigarette harms from two different public health bodies (Negative), (3) a harm reduction statement from one public health body and a negative statement from another (Conflict), and (4) a statement of the risks of smoking followed by a harm reduction statement from one public health body and a negative statement from another (Smoking Risk + Conflict). Participants then answered questions regarding their perceptions of e-cigarette harm.

Results
The Negative condition had the highest e-cigarette harm perceptions, significantly higher than the Smoking Risk + Conflict condition (MD = 5.4, SE = 1.8, p &lt; .016, d = 0.3 [CI 0.73 to 10.04]), which did not differ from the Conflict condition (MD = 1.5, SE = 1.8, p = .836, d = 0.1 [CI −3.14 to 6.17]). The Conflict condition differed from the Harm Reduction condition, where harm perceptions were lowest (MD = 5.4, SE = 1.8, p = .016, d = 0.3 [CI 0.74 to 10.07]).

Conclusions
These findings are the first to demonstrate that, compared to harm reduction information, conflicting information increases e-cigarette harm perceptions amongst vapers, and smokers who do not vape.

Implications
This research provides the first empirical evidence that conflicting information increases smokers’ and vapers’ e-cigarette harm perceptions, compared to harm reduction information. This may have a meaningful impact on public health as e-cigarette harm perceptions can influence subsequent smoking and vaping behavior. Conflicting information may dissuade smokers, who have the most to gain from accurate e-cigarette harm perceptions, from switching to e-cigarettes. These findings indicate that public health communications that are consensus-based can lower harm perceptions of e-cigarettes, and have the potential to reduce morbidity and mortality attributable to tobacco smoking.
Association Between Smoking Cessation Treatment and Healthcare Costs in a Single-Payer Public Healthcare System
Authors: Baliunas Dolly , Voci Sabrina , de Oliveira Claire , Selby Peter , Kurdyak Paul , Rosella Laura , Zawertailo Laurie , Fu Longdi , Sutradhar Rinku 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Introduction
There has been little investigation of whether the clinical effectiveness of smoking cessation treatments translates into differences in healthcare costs, using real-world cost data, to determine whether anticipated benefits of smoking cessation treatment are being realized.

Aims and Methods
We sought to determine the association between smoking cessation treatment and healthcare costs using linked administrative healthcare data. In total, 4752 patients who accessed a smoking cessation program in Ontario, Canada between July 2011 and December 2012 (treatment cohort) were each matched to a smoker who did not access these services (control cohort). The primary outcome was total healthcare costs in Canadian dollars, and secondary outcomes were sector-specific costs, from one year prior to the index date until December 31, 2017, or death. Costs were partitioned into four phases: pretreatment, treatment, posttreatment, and end-of-life for those who died.

Results
Among females, total healthcare costs were similar between cohorts in pretreatment and posttreatment phases, but higher for the treatment cohort during the treatment phase ($4,554 vs. $3,237, p &lt; .001). Among males, total healthcare costs were higher in the treatment cohort during pretreatment ($3,911 vs. $2,784, p &lt; .001), treatment ($4,533 vs. $3,105, p &lt; .001) and posttreatment ($5,065 vs. $3,922, p = .001) phases. End-of-life costs did not differ. Healthcare sector-specific costs followed a similar pattern.

Conclusions
Five-year healthcare costs were similar between females who participated in a treatment program versus those that did not, with a transient increase during the treatment phase only. Among males, treatment was associated with persistently higher healthcare costs. Further study is needed to address the implications with respect to long-term costs.

Implications
The clinical effectiveness of pharmacological and behavioral smoking cessation treatments is well established, but whether such treatments are associated with healthcare costs, using real-world data, has received limited attention. Our findings suggest that the use of a smoking cessation treatment offered by their health system is associated with persistent higher healthcare costs among males but a transient increase among females. Given increasing access to evidence-based smoking cessation treatments is an important component in national tobacco control strategies, these data highlight the need for further exploration of the relations between smoking cessation treatment engagement and healthcare costs.
A Koshihikari X Oryza rufipogon Introgression Line with a High Capacity to Take up Nitrogen to Maintain Growth and Panicle Development under Low Nitrogen Conditions
Authors: Adu Bright G , Argete Aizelle Y S , Egawa Sakiko , Nagano Atsushi J , Shimizu Akifumi , Ohmori Yoshihiro , Fujiwara Toru 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is an important macronutrient for plant growth and development. Currently, N fertilizers are required for the efficient production of modern crops such as rice due to their limited capacity to take up N when present at low concentrations. Wild rice represents a useful genetic resource for improving crop responses to low nutrient stress. Here, we describe the isolation and characterization of an introgression line, KRIL37, that carries a small region of the Oryza rufipogon genome in the Oryza sativa L. cv Koshihikari (KH) background. This line was found to grow better under low N conditions and have similar or lower C/N ratios in aerial portions compared to those in the parental KH cultivar, suggesting that KRIL37 has a higher capacity to take up and assimilate N when present at low concentrations. KRIL37 performance in the field was also better than that of KH cultivated without N and fertilizer (−F). Transcriptome analyses of 3-week-old seedlings based on RNA-sequencing revealed that KH induced a wider suite of genes than the tolerant line KRIL37 in response to low N conditions. Some ammonium transporters and N assimilation genes were found to be induced under low N in KRIL37, but not in KH. Our findings suggest that the superior growth performance of KRIL37 under limited N conditions could be due to the expression of wild alleles influencing N uptake and assimilation. Our study demonstrates the potential to use wild rice genomes to improve modern crops for low nutrient tolerance.
Natural alleles of the abscisic acid catabolism geneZmAbh4modulate water use efficiency and carbon isotope discrimination in maize
Authors: Blankenagel Sonja , Eggels Stella , Frey Monika , Grill Erwin , Bauer Eva , Dawid Corinna , Fernie Alisdair R , Haberer Georg , Hammerl Richard , Barbosa Medeiros David , Ouzunova Milena , Presterl Thomas , Ruß Victoria , Schäufele Rudi , Schlüter Urte , Tardieu Francois , Urbany Claude , Urzinger Sebastian , Weber Andreas P M , Schön Chris-Carolin , Avramova Viktoriya 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAltering plant water use efficiency (WUE) is a promising approach for achieving sustainable crop production in changing climate scenarios. Here, we show that WUE can be tuned by alleles of a single gene discovered in elite maize (Zea mays) breeding material. Genetic dissection of a genomic region affecting WUE led to the identification of the gene ZmAbh4 as causative for the effect. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated ZmAbh4 inactivation increased WUE without growth reductions in well-watered conditions. ZmAbh4 encodes an enzyme that hydroxylates the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) and initiates its catabolism. Stomatal conductance is regulated by ABA and emerged as a major link between variation in WUE and discrimination against the heavy carbon isotope (Δ13C) during photosynthesis in the C4 crop maize. Changes in Δ13C persisted in kernel material, which offers an easy-to-screen proxy for WUE. Our results establish a direct physiological and genetic link between WUE and Δ13C through a single gene with potential applications in maize breeding.
Knowing receipt: the ‘continuing proprietary interest’
Authors: Roxburgh Alan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The principal question for the Court of Appeal in Byers v The Saudi National Bank was whether a claim in knowing receipt can succeed against a defendant who has received assets transferred in breach of trust, even though the effect of the transfer to the defendant was to extinguish or override the beneficiary’s equitable proprietary interest. The judgment also considers the proper approach of an appellate court to a trial judge’s findings on issues of foreign law.
PATHMAP (Pathogen And Tree fruit Health MAP): A Smartphone App and Interactive Dashboard to Record and Map Tree Fruit Diseases, Disorders, and Insect Pests
Authors: Jurick Wayne M. , Messinger Lindsey , Wallis Anna , Peter Kari A. , Villani Sara , Bradshaw Michael J. , Bartholomew Holly P. , Buser Michael , Aćimović Srđan G. , Fonseca Jorge M. , Cox Kerik D. 
Published: July 2022

PATHMAP (Pathogen And Tree fruit Health MAP) is a smartphone application (app) and interactive dashboard developed specifically for support specialists, extension personnel, and university scientists supporting the tree fruit industry. The PATHMAP app collects detailed information about observed diseases, insect pests, and disorders and provides the option to attach photos. The data are then visualized using a graphical interface dashboard displaying an interactive color-coded map. Prior to the development of PATHMAP, abundant tree fruit disorder data were collected each year, but a central interactive repository for archiving data and facilitating communication of field observations did not exist. PATHMAP has been beta tested by university extension personnel, private consultants, and university scientists to ensure usability and functionality. PATHMAP will be used within the tree fruit industry for monitoring known pest patterns, occurrences, and outbreaks of emerging pathogens. It will augment existing extension diagnosis listservs that have value in visual diagnosis but are cumbersome and have no archiving capabilities. Data obtained through the tool can be used in epidemiological meta-analyses and to develop new predictive models, and can serve as a platform to track emerging pathogens, insects, and disorders for a variety of cropping systems. [Formula: see text] The author(s) have dedicated the work to the public domain under the Creative Commons CC0 “No Rights Reserved” license by waiving all of his or her rights to the work worldwide under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights, to the extent allowed by law, 2022.