bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Architecture as a tool to achieve the 17 United Nation Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Setiawan D 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
As a researcher and architect, the author creates several architectural works, most of them are located on the Java island, Indonesia. The author believes that building with ecological principles and green architecture is important today to adapt to climate change and prevent the worst from happening. By testing these projects with the theory of ecology and green architecture, the authors get several conclusions that every project built must be able to answer climate problems that occur at this time. In this paper the author will describe the use of the 17 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals or we commonly knows as SDGs in his works on the island of Java, Indonesia. Architecture is a tool to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals.
Detecting Hemileia vastatrix using Vision AI as Supporting to Food Security for Smallholder Coffee Commodities
Authors: Suparyanto Teddy , Firmansyah Erick , Wawan Cenggoro Tjeng , Sudigyo Digdo , Pardamean Bens 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The loss of food crops during the COVID-19 pandemic threatens food security in Indonesia as one of the world’s top coffee producers. This affects the insecurity of coffee commodities which is influenced by several factors other than the pandemic such as pests, plant diseases, and extreme weather. Plant diseases, such as leaf rust, are a significant factor in the insecurity problem in coffee commodities. The fungus Hemileia vastatrix B et Br causes leaf rust disease, which is a pest that frequently damages coffee plants. This disease not only interferes with plant growth but also causes a decrease in coffee quality and quantity. This initial research aims to carry out early prevention of these diseases as supporting to food security in smallholder coffee commodities. An AI-based visual detection application is the result of this research. We collected 100 images of coffee leaves from various coffee plants. The image is reshaped to 256 x 256 pixels and randomly trimmed to 224 x 224 pixels to fulfill the size requirements of a standard Deep Learning technique. Each image was classified into two classes by a plant pest and disease specialist. The dataset was divided into training, validation, and testing series with a ratio of 60:20:20 for training procedures. The Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) research method used a variation of the ResNet CNN model with 18 layers. The best model validation was 59%.
Nutritional Contents and Processing of Plant-Based Milk: A Review
Authors: Romulo Andreas 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
For a long time, animal milk such as cow milk has been regarded as a complete food due to its nutritional content and beneficial health effect. However, the emergence of lactose intolerance and allergy to cow milk, new lifestyles such as vegetarianism and veganism, and sustainability challenges such as water pollution and greenhouse gases emission, have pushed researchers to innovate an alternative product to replace animal milk. Plant-based milk, the aqueous liquid obtained from different plant materials such as cereals, legumes, nuts, seeds, and pseudocereals, has been developed to replace animal milk. Therefore, the knowledge of the nutritional profile and processing steps of plant-based milk production becomes essential. This review describes the information regarding the materials used, the nutritional profiles, and the processing steps of plant-based milk. There is a challenge in developing plant-based milk that has a similar nutrition content to cow milk. Processing technique in terms of formulation such as fortification is needed to produce plant-based milk with acceptable nutritional content and high consumer acceptance.
Consumer Analysis of Commercial Plant-Based Jerky
Authors: Veniranda Vega , Surya Reggie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The demand for plant-based meats is growing globally, with the global market estimated at USD 1.6 billion in 2019 and projected to reach USD 3.5 billion by 2026. Taking advantage of these opportunities, a food company based in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia develops plant-based products that can be consumed by both vegetarians and vegans. The growth of companies in the food sector is quite high. Competition between companies in the food sector is becoming increasingly tight, so the business units involved must try to determine the best strategy in providing quality and service according to demand. This study aimed to determine the consumer satisfaction of commercial plant-based jerky produced by a food company in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia using the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) method, identify its important attributes, and map the important of each attribute using Importance Performance Analysis (IPA). Variables and attributes used are: 1) quality of product (vegan jerky colour, aroma, texture, taste, shelf life, vegan jerky shape & size), 2) packaging products (appearance, material/type, practicality), 3) product price. Total respondents are 100 consumers with convenience sampling technique. This study uses probability sampling with simple random sampling technique and tested on 124 respondents. The customer satisfaction level of vegan jerky based on CSI are as follow: original onion variant 86.8%, spicy onion variant 85.3%, original non-onion variant 83.8%, and spicy non- onion variant 84.9%. Based on IPA, there were 5 attributes that needed improving: aroma, taste, texture, shelf life, and price.
Asymptotics of the spectrum of the mixed boundary value problem for the Laplace operator in a thin spindle-shaped domain
Authors: Nazarov S. , Taskinen J. 
Published: March 2022

The asymptotics is examined for solutions to the spectral problem for the Laplace operator in add-dimensional thin, of diameterO(h)O(h), spindle-shaped domainΩh\Omega ^hwith the Dirichlet condition on small, of sizeh≪1h\ll 1, terminal zonesΓ±h\Gamma ^h_\pmand the Neumann condition on the remaining part of the boundary∂Ωh\partial \Omega ^h. In the limit ash→+0h\rightarrow +0, an ordinary differential equation on the axis(−1,1)∋z(-1,1)\ni zof the spindle arises with a coefficient degenerating at the pointsz=±1z=\pm 1and moreover, without any boundary condition because the requirement on the boundedness of eigenfunctions makes the limit spectral problem well-posed. Error estimates are derived for the one-dimensional model but in the case ofd=3d=3it is necessary to construct boundary layers near the setsΓ±h\Gamma ^h_\pmand in the case ofd=2d=2it is necessary to deal with selfadjoint extensions of the differential operator. The extension parameters depend linearly onln⁡h\ln hso that its eigenvalues are analytic functions in the variable1/|ln⁡h|1/|\ln h|. As a result, in all dimensions the one-dimensional model gets the power-law accuracyO(hδd)O(h^{\delta _d})with an exponentδd>0\delta _d>0. First (the smallest) eigenvalues, positive inΩh\Omega ^hand null in (−1,1)(-1,1), require individual treatment. Also, infinite asymptotic series are discussed, as well as the static problem (without the spectral parameter) and related shapes of thin domains.
Successful treatment of disseminated Verruconis gallopava infection in a heart transplant recipient: A case report
Authors: Martin Marlee , Hobbs Athena L V , Baird Mallory 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Purpose
To describe a case of disseminated Verruconis gallopava infection in a cardiac transplant recipient that was successfully treated with oral posaconazole and intravenous anidulafungin.

Summary
A 51-year-old male initially presented with pulmonary manifestations, but subsequently developed cutaneous lesions, fungemia, osteomyelitis of the hip requiring excision, and eventually brain abscesses over the course of 3 months. The patient was successfully treated with various antifungal agents throughout his treatment course and was eventually discharged on oral posaconazole and intravenous anidulafungin. He remained on oral posaconazole suppressive therapy and had had no recurrence of fungal infection after 31 months of follow-up.

Conclusion
On the basis of this case report, intravenous anidulafungin and chronic suppressive therapy with oral posaconazole can successfully treat disseminated V. gallopava infections.
The Utilization of Poly-l-Lactic Acid as a Safe and Reliable Method for Volume Maintenance After Facelift Surgery With Fat Grafting
Authors: O’Daniel Thomas Gerald , Kachare Milind D 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
For age-related volume loss, fat grafting is now recognized as an integral adjunctive procedure with facelift surgery. However, when there is continued and unpredicted volume loss postoperatively, the surgeon has limited options for restoring this lost volume.

Objectives
Poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) is a proven biostimulator that creates volumetric enhancement. This study is undertaken to demonstrate that PLLA is a safe and efficacious option for maintenance of post-facelift volume loss.

Methods
A retrospective review was conducted to identify all patients who underwent facelift surgery with fat grafting and postoperative PLLA injections from 2010 to 2018 by a single surgeon. Demographic and clinical data were collected and analyzed.

Results
This review identified a total of 241 patients who had undergone a facelift with fat grafting and PLLA injections. Of these, 190 patients were treated with PLLA after facelift and fat grafting, while 51 patients received PLLA injections before their operation. We identified 5 common indications for use of PLLA after facelift surgery and fat grafting. These included unexplained early fat graft loss, significant weight loss in the postoperative period, normal aging process, and patients who had a high perioperative lean body mass. Additionally, PLLA was found to be an effective volumizer for site-specific areas that did not undergo fat grafting during the initial operation. There were no complications reported from the PLLA injections related to nodule formation, papules, or granulomas.

Conclusions
The high degree of variability in the survival of fat grafts with facelift surgery is an accepted reality. PLLA represents a safe and highly effective solution to restore volume loss in patients who have undergone facelifts with fat grafting.
Locally recurrent rectal cancer: oncological outcomes with different treatment strategies in two tertiary referral units
Authors: Nordkamp Stefi , Voogt Eva L. K. , van Zoggel Desley M. G. I. , Martling Anna , Holm Torbjörn , Jansson Palmer Gabriella , Suzuki Chikako , Nederend Joost , Kusters Miranda , Burger Jacobus W. A. , Rutten Harm J. T. , Iversen Henrik 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
The optimal treatment for patients with locally recurrent rectal cancer (LRRC) is controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate different treatment strategies in two leading tertiary referral hospitals in Europe.

Methods
All patients who underwent curative surgery for LRRC between January 2003 and December 2017 in Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, the Netherlands (CHE), or Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (KAR), were studied retrospectively. Available MRIs were reviewed to obtain a uniform staging for optimal comparison of both cohorts. The main outcomes studied were overall survival (OS), local re-recurrence-free survival (LRFS), and metastasis-free survival (MFS).

Results
In total, 377 patients were included, of whom 126 and 251 patients came from KAR and CHE respectively. At 5 years, the LRFS rate was 62.3 per cent in KAR versus 42.3 per cent in CHE (P = 0.017), whereas OS and MFS were similar. A clear surgical resection margin (R0) was the strongest prognostic factor for survival, with a hazard ratio of 2.23 (95 per cent c.i. 1.74 to 2.86; P &lt; 0.001), 3.96 (2.87 to 5.47; P &lt; 0.001), and 2.00 (1.48 to 2.69; P &lt; 0.001) for OS, LRFS, and MFS respectively. KAR performed more extensive operations, resulting in more R0 resections than in CHE (76.2 versus 61.4 per cent; P = 0.004), whereas CHE relied more on neoadjuvant treatment and intraoperative radiotherapy, to reduce the morbidity of multivisceral resections (P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
In radiotherapy-naive patients, neoadjuvant full-course chemoradiation confers the best oncological outcome. However, neoadjuvant therapy does not diminish the need for extended radical surgery to increase R0 resection rates.
Dementia is associated with medial temporal atrophy even after accounting for neuropathologies
Authors: Woodworth Davis C. , Sheikh-Bahaei Nasim , Scambray Kiana A. , Phelan Michael J. , Perez-Rosendahl Mari , Corrada María M. , Kawas Claudia H. , Sajjadi Seyed Ahmad ,   for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: March 2022

AbstractBrain atrophy is associated with degenerative neuropathologies and the clinical status of dementia. Whether dementia is associated with atrophy independent of neuropathologies is not known. In this study, we examined the pattern of atrophy associated with dementia while accounting for the most common dementia-related neuropathologies. We used data from National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (n = 129) and Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (n = 47) participants with suitable in vivo 3D-T1w MRI and autopsy data. We determined dementia status at the visit closest to MRI. We examined the following dichotomized neuropathological variables: Alzheimer’s disease neuropathology, hippocampal sclerosis, Lewy bodies, cerebral amyloid angiopathy and atherosclerosis. Voxel-based morphometry identified areas associated with dementia after accounting for neuropathologies. Identified regions of interest were further analysed. We used multiple linear regression models adjusted for neuropathologies and demographic variables. We also examined models with dementia and Clinical Dementia Rating sum of the boxes as the outcome and explored the potential mediating effect of medial temporal lobe structure volumes on the relationship between pathology and cognition. We found strong associations for dementia with volumes of the hippocampus, amygdala and parahippocampus (semi-partial correlations ≥ 0.28, P &lt; 0.0001 for all regions in National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center; semi-partial correlations ≥ 0.35, P ≤ 0.01 for hippocampus and parahippocampus in Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative). Dementia status accounted for more unique variance in atrophy in these structures (∼8%) compared with neuropathological variables; the only exception was hippocampal sclerosis which accounted for more variance in hippocampal atrophy (10%). We also found that the volumes of the medial temporal lobe structures contributed towards explaining the variance in Clinical Dementia Rating sum of the boxes (ranging from 5% to 9%) independent of neuropathologies and partially mediated the association between Alzheimer’s disease neuropathology and cognition. Even after accounting for the most common neuropathologies, dementia still had among the strongest associations with atrophy of medial temporal lobe structures. This suggests that atrophy of the medial temporal lobe is most related to the clinical status of dementia rather than Alzheimer's disease or other neuropathologies, with the potential exception of hippocampal sclerosis.
Recurrent Subclinical Tuberculosis Among Antiretroviral Therapy–Accessing Participants: Incidence, Clinical Course, and Outcomes
Authors: Naidoo Kogieleum , Moodley Mikaila C , Hassan-Moosa Razia , Dookie Navisha , Yende-Zuma Nonhlanhla , Perumal Rubeshan , Dawood Halima , Mvelase Nomonde R , Mathema Barun , Karim Salim Abdool 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
Undiagnosed asymptomatic subclinical tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant threat to global TB control, accounting for a substantial proportion of cases among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS (PLWHA). We determined incidence, progression, and outcomes of subclinical TB in antiretroviral therapy (ART)–accessing PLWHA with known previous TB in South Africa.

Methods
A total of 402 adult PLWHA previously treated for TB were enrolled in the prospective Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa TRuTH (TB Recurrence Upon TB and HIV treatment) Study. Participants were screened for TB with quarterly clinical and bacteriologic evaluation and biannual chest radiographs over 36 months. Those with suspected or confirmed TB were referred to the National TB Programme. Participants received HIV services, including ART. Incidence rate of TB was estimated using Poisson regression and descriptive statistical analyses summarized data.

Results
A total of 48 of 402 (11.9%) bacteriologically confirmed incident recurrent TB cases were identified, comprising 17 of 48 (35.4%) subclinical TB cases and 31 of 48 (64.5%) clinical TB cases. Age, sex, and body mass index were similar among subclinical, clinical, and no TB groups. Incidence rates (95% Confidence Interval [CI]) of recurrent TB overall, in clinical and subclinical TB groups were 2.3 (1.7-3.0), 1.5 (1.1-2.2), and 0.9 (0.5-1.4) per 100 person-years, respectively. In the subclinical TB group, 14 of 17 (82.4%) were diagnosed by TB culture only, 11 of 17 (64.7%) received TB treatment, and 6 of 17 (35.3%) resolved TB spontaneously.

Conclusions
High incidence rates of recurrent subclinical TB in PLWHA highlight inadequacies of symptom-based TB screening in high TB–HIV burden settings.
The flavohemoglobin geneMoFHB1is involved in the endurance against nitrosative stress inMagnaporthe oryzae
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Hao Zhongna , Chai Rongyao , Qiu Haiping , Wang Jiaoyu , Wang Yanli , Sun Guochang 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTNitric oxide (NO) homeostasis plays a versatile role in pathogen-host interactions. To maintain NO homeostasis in favor of pathogens, microbes have evolved NO degradation systems besides NO synthesis pathway, in which the flavohemoglobin and S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) reductase are two key enzymes. We previously proved that MoSFA1, a GSNO reductase, is required for the growth and pathogenicity in Magnaporthe oryzae. In the present work, MoFHB1, a flavohemoglobin-encoding gene in M. oryzae was functionally characterized. Although the expression of the MoFHB1 gene was developmentally regulated during conidial germination and appressorium development, disruption of MoFHB1 did not change vegetative growth, conidiation and virulence. However, compared with the Δmosfa1 mutant, the Δmofhb1 mutant was significantly more sensitive to NO stress, and the expression of MoSFA1 gene in the Δmofhb1 mutant was significantly upregulated. Double deletion of MoSFA1 and MoFHB1 led to greater sensitivity of the fungus to NO stress than either of the single gene mutant, but no further reduction in pathogenicity was found compared with that of Δmosfa1 mutant. Taken together, MoFHB1 played an important role in NO detoxification but was dispensable for virulence of M. oryzae.
The vanishing link between animalcules and disease before the 19th century
Authors: Robertson Lesley A 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
When Antoni van Leeuwenhoek began his work with microscopes in the late 17th century, western medicine was mostly based on the work of a Roman doctor called Galen (129–199 ad), theological interpretation, superstition, and folk remedies. During modern discussions of Van Leeuwenhoek's work, a common question from listeners is why it took so long for the link between Van Leeuwenhoek's discoveries and infectious disease to be accepted. Published literature, examples of which are discussed here, shows that many researchers, doctors, and others reported the link, even during Van Leeuwenhoek's lifetime. However, it was frequently not taken seriously by the most influential people. The scientific establishment included a faction of the Royal Society of London who called themselves the ‘Mechanical Philosophers’. They ridiculed those reporting animalcule-linked infection, dismissing them as ‘Contagionists’. The medical establishment also included many influential people with a lot to lose if they changed their established approaches, and many quack doctors. Most religious ministers were strongly orthodox, some even claiming that helping the sick angered God. A major problem, of course, was that technology and biological understanding also lagged far behind. Despite the fact that the use of vaccination was under active discussion in the Royal Society at the time of Van Leeuwenhoek's death and quarantine was in regular use, a possible microbial connection was apparently not considered. It was not until late in the 19th century, that Robert Koch (1843–1910) isolated Bacillus anthracis, proved that it caused anthrax, and was believed. This paper follows a lecture given during the online Microbe Forum in June 2021, and illustrates the difficulties of establishing the true link between Van Leeuwenhoek's animalcules and infectious disease in humans, animals, and plants.
XSim version 2: simulation of modern breeding programs
Authors: Chen Chunpeng James , Garrick Dorian , Fernando Rohan , Karaman Emre , Stricker Chris , Keehan Michael , Cheng Hao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Simulation can be an efficient approach to design, evaluate, and optimize breeding programs. In the era of modern agriculture, breeding programs can benefit from a simulator that integrates various sources of big data and accommodates state-of-the-art statistical models. The initial release of XSim, in which stochastic descendants can be efficiently simulated with a drop-down strategy, has mainly been used to validate genomic selection results. In this article, we present XSim Version 2 that is an open-source tool and has been extensively redesigned with additional features to meet the needs in modern breeding programs. It seamlessly incorporates multiple statistical models for genetic evaluations, such as GBLUP, Bayesian alphabets, and neural networks, and it can effortlessly simulate successive generations of descendants based on complex mating schemes by the aid of its modular design. Case studies are presented to demonstrate the flexibility of XSim Version 2 in simulating crossbreeding in animal and plant populations. Modern biotechnology, including double haploids and embryo transfer, can all be simultaneously integrated into the mating plans that drive the simulation. From a computing perspective, XSim Version 2 is implemented in Julia, which is a computer language that retains the readability of scripting languages (e.g. R and Python) without sacrificing much computational speed compared to compiled languages (e.g. C). This makes XSim Version 2 a simulation tool that is relatively easy for both champions and community members to maintain, modify, or extend in order to improve their breeding programs. Functions and operators are overloaded for a better user interface so they may concatenate, subset, summarize, and organize simulated populations at each breeding step. With the strong and foreseeable demands in the community, XSim Version 2 will serve as a modern simulator bridging the gaps between theories and experiments with its flexibility, extensibility, and friendly interface.