bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metal–Support Interactions on Ag/Co3O4 Nanowire Monolithic Catalysts Promoting Catalytic Soot Combustion
Authors: Yi Xingwang , Yang Yuexi , Xu Dawei , Tian Ye , Song Song , Cao Chunmei , Li Xingang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTuning metal–support interactions (MSIs) is an important strategy in heterogeneous catalysis to realize the desirable metal dispersion and redox ability of metal catalysts. Herein, we use pre-reduced Co3O4 nanowires (Co-NWs) in situ grown on monolithic Ni foam substrates to support Ag catalysts (Ag/Co-NW-R) for soot combustion. The macroporous structure of Ni foam with crossed Co3O4 nanowires remarkably increases the soot–catalyst contact efficiency. Our characterization results demonstrate that Ag species exist as Ag0 because of the equation Ag+  + Co2+  = Ag0 + Co3+, and the pre-reduction treatment enhances interactions between Ag and Co3O4. The number of active oxygen species on the Ag-loaded catalysts is approximately twice that on the supports, demonstrating the significant role of Ag sites in generating active oxygen species. Additionally, the strengthened MSI on Ag/Co-NW-R further improves this number by increasing metal dispersion and the intrinsic activity determined by the turnover frequency of these oxygen species for soot oxidation compared with the catalyst without pre-reduction of Co-NW (Ag/Co-NW). In addition to high activity, Ag/Co-NW-R exhibits high catalytic stability and water resistance. The strategy used in this work might be applicable in related catalytic systems.
Low-field NMR investigation on interaction of ZnO nanoparticles with reservoir fluids and sandstone rocks for enhanced oil recovery
Authors: Alomair Osamah , Elsharkawy Adel , Al-Bazzaz Waleed , Ok Salim 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe use of nanoparticles (NPs) can considerably benefit enhanced oil recovery (EOR) by changing the wettability of the rock, improving the mobility of the oil drop, and decreasing the interfacial tension (IFT) between oil and water. Prior to the application of nanoparticles in oil fields, it is essential to conduct measurements at the laboratory scale. However, the estimation of reservoir wettability is difficult in most laboratory experiments. Practicably, ZnO NPs were used to modify the rock surface wettability, lower the IFT at the oil/water interface, and reduce the interaction of chemical adsorption, such as (surfactant) onto reservoir rock surface to solve various challenges in oil production and EOR operations. Upon confining both ZnO-based nanofluid and the crude oil into sandstone, deviations from the corresponding pure bulk dynamical behaviors were observed with low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) relaxometry. The expected deviations from the pure bulk behaviors were attributed to the well-known confinement effect. The wettability test results before and after surface variations of formation water (FW) with the addition of three different NP concentrations (0.05, 0.075, and 0.1) wt% ZnO reflected significant changes to its wettability. Among the treatments of Berea sandstone cores with ZnO NPs, the percentage of clay-bound H2O/free fluid index was maximum in 1.0 pore volume (PV) NP treatment. The ratio of NMR relaxations, which determines the affinity of fluids toward solids, by the 1.0 PV NP treatment is reported to have the most potential with higher affinity for FW and less affinity for crude oil toward the pore walls. Hence, LF-NMR allows monitoring of nanofluid and crude oil characteristics in the pores of rock samples and may potentially be applied in further EOR studies.
Doxorubicin resistant choriocarcinoma cell line derived spheroidal cells exhibit stem cell markers but reduced invasion
Authors: Balahmar Reham M. , Deepak Venkataraman , Sivasubramaniam Shiva 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCell cycle-specific cancer chemotherapy is based on the ability of a drug to halt, minimise or destroy rapidly dividing cells. However, their efficacy is limited by the emergence of a self-renewing cell pool called “cancer stem cells” (CSC). Choriocarcinoma is a tumour of trophoblastic tissue. We, in this study, analysed whether spheroids generated from doxorubicin-treated and non-treated choriocarcinoma cell lines exhibit markers of stem cells. Two choriocarcinoma cell lines, namely JEG-3 and BeWo, were used in this study. Spheroids were generated from doxorubicin-treated cells and the non-treated cells under non-adherent condition, followed by analysis of stem-cell markers’ expression, namely NANOG, OCT4 and SOX2. Immunofluorescence analysis suggested a general increase in the markers’ concentration in spheroids relative to the parental cells. RT-qPCR and immunoblots showed an increase in the stem-cell marker expression in spheroids generated from doxorubicin-treated when compared to non-treated cells. In spheroids, Sox2 was significantly upregulated in doxorubicin-treated spheroids, whereas Nanog and Oct4 were generally downregulated when compared to non-treated spheroids. Both 2D and 3D invasion assays showed that the spheroids treated with doxorubicin exhibited reduced invasion. Our data suggest that choriocarcinoma cell lines may have the potential to produce spheroidal cells, yet the drug-treatment affected the invasion potential of spheroids.
Postoperative complications predict poor outcomes only in patients with a low modified clinical score after resection of colorectal liver metastases: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Hong-Wei , Jin Ke-Min , Li Juan , Wang Kun , Xing Bao-Cai 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe aim was to identify the optimal criteria of postoperative complications (POCs) for predicting oncological outcomes after hepatectomy for colorectal liver metastases (CRLMs) and to investigate the variable prognostic implications of POCs according to the modified clinical score (M-CS). We identified 751 patients who underwent curative hepatic resection for CRLM between 2007 and 2018. Patients were categorized based on the M-CS. The impact of the severity [≥ Clavien–Dindo grade (C–D) III or comprehensive complication index (CCI) ≥ 26.2] or type [any infectious complications of POC (Inf-poc)] of POC on overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) was assessed by univariate and multivariable analyses in different groups. Patients with a major or infectious complication were not associated with either RFS or OS in multivariable analysis of the whole cohort. However, patients with a high CCI had a worse OS (HR 1.51,P = 0.004). Among patients with low M-CS, patients with high CCI had worse OS (HR 1.49,P = 0.035) and RFS (HR 1.32,P = 0.048) than those without high CCI. In contrast, the survival disadvantage of a high CCI was not present in patients with a high M-CS. Compared to Inf-poc or major complications, a high CCI decreased long-term OS in patients treated with hepatectomy for CRLM. High CCI has a variable prognostic impact after hepatic resection for CRLM depending on the M-CS. POC is not a decisive factor to justify the use of hepatectomy for CRLM in patients with high M-CS.
Characterization, Properties and Antimicrobial Activity of Radiation Induced Phosphorus-Containing PVA Hydrogels
Authors: Abd El-Mohdy H. L. , Aly Hala M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFunction modification of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) having phosphorus-containing heterocyclic compounds is believed to have thermal and biological applications in the area of polymers. The synthesis of phosphorus-containing PVA (P-PVA) was performed using γ-radiation. The chemical structure of the composite polymer is confirmed by spectroscopic techniques of FT-IR,1H,13C, and31P-NMR. Photosensitive properties of polymers were investigated by ultraviolet spectroscopy. Thermal studies are assigned using the Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Data display that P-PVA has more thermal stability than PVA. The surface morphology of the prepared hydrogels was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Quantitative elemental analysis of the P-PVA hydrogel was done through energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Antimicrobial activity of the prepared hydrogels using different fungi such asAspergillus fumigatus, Geotrichum candidum, Candida albicans,andSyncephal-astrum racemosum,in addition to bacteria such asStaphylococcus aureus, Bacillis subtilis(as gram-positive bacteria),Pseudomonas aeruginosa,andEscherichia coli(as gram-negative bacteria), was studied. The phosphorus-contained PVA hydrogels were found to have antimicrobial activity against various fungi and bacteria compared to pure PVA hydrogels.
Characterization of masculinity expressions and their influence on the participation of women in Mexican small-scale fisheries
Authors: Salguero-Velázquez Alejandra , Solano Neyra , Fernandez-Rivera Melo Francisco J. , López-Ercilla Inés , Torre Jorge 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The objective of this study was to document and characterize the different expressions of masculinity and their influence on the participation of women in three small-scale fisheries. The fisheries operate in three priority regions for marine conservation: the northern Mexican Pacific, Gulf of California, and Mexican Caribbean. A qualitative investigation and virtual interviews with participants were conducted due to the lockdown measures of the COVID-19 pandemic. Information from 16 interviews (nine women and seven men) were integrated to this study. An analysis of the thematic content of the information was conducted. The results showed a relationship between being a man, being a fisher, and being a member of a fishing cooperative while maintaining a family. Four characterizations of masculinity emerged. In reluctant traditional masculinity, older men believed that their point of view was what mattered, and they did not accept the participation of women in fisheries. Men who fell under the category of flexible traditional masculinity accepted the participation of women in the working areas of the fisheries. Men associated with transitional masculinity were those who incorporated notions of gender equality and who were open to the participation of women in fisheries. Men connected with apprentice masculinity were mostly young people who depended on their supervisors to guide them. Apprentice masculinity may develop into traditional masculinity or move towards gender equality. The discussion incorporates an analysis of the benefits of changing masculinities regarding health, avoiding risks, and accepting the participation of women in fisheries.
Monic Chebyshev pseudospectral differentiation matrices for higher-order IVPs and BVPs: applications to certain types of real-life problems
Authors: Abdelhakem M. , Ahmed A. , Baleanu D. , El-kady M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe introduce new differentiation matrices based on the pseudospectral collocation method. Monic Chebyshev polynomials (MCPs) were used as trial functions in differentiation matrices (D-matrices). Those matrices have been used to approximate the solutions of higher-order ordinary differential equations (H-ODEs). Two techniques will be used in this work. The first technique is a direct approximation of the H-ODE. While the second technique depends on transforming the H-ODE into a system of lower order ODEs. We discuss the error analysis of these D-matrices in-depth. Also, the approximation and truncation error convergence have been presented to improve the error analysis. Some numerical test functions and examples are illustrated to show the constructed D-matrices’ efficiency and accuracy.
A student preconception on physical geodesy: the “best” reference ellipsoid
Authors: Vaquero José Manuel , Pro Carmen , Vaquero-Martínez Javier 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe show in this note a simple exercise to overcome a common preconception among Geodesy students about the “best” reference ellipsoid. This helps students to overcome their previous ideas based on a purely geometric vision of the reference ellipsoids and advance to a more physical point of view, where the Earth’s gravity plays a fundamental role.
PET imaging for the evaluation of cerebral amyloid angiopathy: a systematic review
Authors: Dondi Francesco , Bertoli Mattia , Lucchini Silvia , Cerudelli Elisabetta , Albano Domenico , Bertagna Francesco 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
In the last years, the role of PET imaging in the assessment of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is emerging. In this setting, some tracers have proven their utility for the evaluation of the disease (mainly 11C-Pittsburgh compound B [11C-PIB]), however, the value of other radiotracers has to be clarified. The aim of this systematic review is, therefore, to assess the role of PET imaging in the evaluation of CAA.

Methods
A wide literature search of the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane library databases was made to find relevant published articles about the diagnostic performance of PET imaging for the evaluation of CAA. Quality assessment including the risk of bias and applicability concerns was carried out using QUADAS-2 evaluation.

Results
The comprehensive computer literature search revealed 651 articles. On reviewing the titles and abstracts, 622 articles were excluded because the reported data were not within the field of interest. Twenty-nine studies were included in the review. In general, PET imaging with amyloid tracers revealed its value for the assessment of CAA, for its differential diagnosis and a correlation with some clinico-pathological features. With less evidence, a role for 18F-fluorodeoxiglucose (18F-FDG) and tau tracers is starting to emerge.

Conclusion
PET imaging demonstrated its utility for the assessment of CAA. In particular, amiloid tracers revealed higher retention in CAA patients, correlation with cerebral bleed, the ability to differentiate between CAA and other related conditions (such as Alzheimer's disease) and a correlation with some cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers.
Is Greenness Associated with Dementia? A Systematic Review and Dose–Response Meta-analysis
Authors: Zagnoli Federico , Filippini Tommaso , Jimenez Marcia P. , Wise Lauren A. , Hatch Elizabeth E. , Vinceti Marco 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Purpose of Review
We assessed the relation between environmental greenness and risk of dementia and cognitive impairment, based on a systematic review and meta-analysis up to March 30, 2022, characterizing whenever possible the shape of the association using dose–response meta-analysis.

Recent Findings
Twelve studies were included in this review, either using normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) or land use/cover (LU/LC) methodology to assess greenness. Comparing the highest versus lowest exposure categories of greenness assessed using the NDVI (6 studies) or LU/LC (6 studies), we found no association with dementia. Dose–response meta-analysis of the association between greenness measured by LU/LC and dementia, based on only 3 studies, indicated a U-shaped association, but estimates were imprecise.

Summary
Our systematic review and meta-analysis provided some evidence of a slight inverse association between greenness and dementia at intermediate exposure levels, but not at high levels. Potential methodological limitations, such as exposure misclassification and unmeasured confounding, may have affected the results.
Hybrid fuzzy AHP–TOPSIS approach to prioritizing solutions for inverse reinforcement learning
Authors: Kukreja Vinay 
Published: July 2022

AbstractReinforcement learning (RL) techniques nurture building up solutions for sequential decision-making problems under uncertainty and ambiguity. RL has agents with a reward function that interacts with a dynamic environment to find out an optimal policy. There are problems associated with RL like the reward function should be specified in advance, design difficulties and unable to handle large complex problems, etc. This led to the development of inverse reinforcement learning (IRL). IRL also suffers from many problems in real life like robust reward functions, ill-posed problems, etc., and different solutions have been proposed to solve these problems like maximum entropy, support for multiple rewards and non-linear reward functions, etc. There are majorly eight problems associated with IRL and eight solutions have been proposed to solve IRL problems. This paper has proposed a hybrid fuzzy AHP–TOPSIS approach to prioritize the solutions while implementing IRL. Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchical Process (FAHP) is used to get the weights of identified problems. The relative accuracy and root-mean-squared error using FAHP are 97.74 and 0.0349, respectively. Fuzzy Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) uses these FAHP weights to prioritize the solutions. The most significant problem in IRL implementation is of ‘lack of robust reward functions’ weighting 0.180, whereas the most significant solution in IRL implementation is ‘Supports optimal policy and rewards functions along with stochastic transition models’ having closeness of coefficient (CofC) value of 0.967156846.
‘Where does my £9000 go?’ Student identities in a marketised British Higher Education Sector
Authors: Reynolds Alice 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSignificant evidence highlights processes of marketisation within British higher education since the 1980s, with changes to the funding, management, and expectations of higher education institutions, students, and staff. Through a cross-national and cross-institutional analysis, this paper explores the identities of students within a marketised British higher education landscape, and specifically, explores the identity of the ‘student-consumer’. Using a mixed methods approach with students from 37 higher education institutions across Britain, this research explores the attitudes, expectations, behaviours, and relationships held by students regarding higher education. Student identity orientations are explored, before the extent to which students’ express attitudes of instrumentalism and entitlement is investigated. The paper concludes that whilst there is evidence of consumerist discourses framing students’ relationship to higher education, students challenge the perception that they are passive consumers, and instead recognise the need to remain active co-producers throughout higher education. These findings have implications for policy and have resonance beyond Britain, as the marketisation of higher education is an increasingly international phenomenon.
Sexual Dysfunction as a Harbinger of Cardiovascular Disease in Postmenopausal Women: How Far Are We?
Authors: Cipriani Sarah , Simon James A. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) affects 40–50% of women in the general population, resulting from the interaction among organic, psychological, sociocultural and relational factors; differently from men, in women definitive clinical evidence suggesting a connection between cardiovascular (CV) diseases (CVDs) and female sexual function is still lacking.

Aim
To focus on the current scientific support for an association between CV diseases and/or risk factors and FSD, focused primarily on postmenopausal women.

Methods
This is a narrative review based on an extensive literature search of peer-reviewed publications on the associations between CV diseases and/or risk factors and FSD and their underlying mechanisms, which was performed using the PubMed database.

Outcomes
We present a summary of the evidence from clinical and preclinical studies and discuss the possible mechanisms providing the pathophysiologic bases of vasculogenic FSD.

Results
Growing evidence shows that female sexual function, especially arousal, is significantly affected by genital vascular impairment, which can lead to FSD. For many cardiometabolic risk factors and diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome, an adverse impact on endothelial function as well as an association with FSD have been recognized. In this scenario, similarly to penile Doppler blood flow studies in men, clitoral Doppler ultrasound can represent an innovative and useful tool to early reveal the presence of CV risk factors and sexual dysfunction. Notably, although the prevalence of CVDs as well as of FSD increases as a function of menopause and aging, middle-aged women have shown a higher prevalence of distressing sexual problems than older and younger women.

Clinical Implications
It becomes clinically relevant to assess particularly postmenopausal women for FSD and CVDs, since both disorders still remain underdiagnosed and sub-optimally untreated. Clitoral Doppler ultrasound could represent a useful technique to diagnose the presence of underlying CVD, which along with risk factors could predict sexual dysfunction in women.

Strengths & Limitations
This review focuses on a very important and innovative topic, providing a context for describing, elaborating and evaluating the relevant theory that sexual dysfunction could be a harbinger for CVDs also in women. However, its narrative nature as well as the lack of specifically designed studies to assess a definitive association between FSD and CVDs represent the principle limitations of this paper.

Conclusion
Postmenopausal women, particularly those in the middle-age range, should be assessed for CV risk factors and FSD, so that both CVDs and sexual problems do not persist unnoticed.
A Retrospective Case Series on Patient Satisfaction and Efficacy of Non-Surgical Lysis of Clitoral Adhesions
Authors: Myers Monica C. , Romanello Jennifer P. , Nico Elsa , Marantidis Joanna , Rowen Tami S. , Sussman Rachael D. , Rubin Rachel S. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
Clitoral adhesions are characterized by adherence of preputial tissue to the glans clitoris and can be managed using a non-surgical approach in order to relieve symptoms of sexual dysfunction.

Aim
To evaluate efficacy and patient satisfaction associated with the non-surgical lysis procedure in order to determine if it is an appropriate treatment for symptomatic clitoral adhesions.

Methods
The non-surgical lysis procedure is performed by using a fine Jacobsen mosquito forceps to separate the plane between the prepuce and the glans of the clitoris, removing smegma and/or keratin pearls from underneath the adhesions and allowing for visualization of the entire glans. A chart review of 61 women that were treated for clitoral adhesions using the non-surgical lysis procedure at 1 sexual medicine practice was performed and an online survey was sent to these patients.

Main Outcome Measures
Encrypted survey responses were used to evaluate patient satisfaction as well as self-reported improvement in sexual functioning and pain before and after the procedure.

Results
41 survey responses were received out of 61 eligible (67% response rate). A large majority reported improvement in pain (76%), sexual arousal (63%), and ability to achieve orgasm (64%) and no participants reported worsening in these symptoms. Of the 16 women that reported the inability to orgasm from external clitoral stimulation prior to the procedure, 6 (38%) were able to do so afterwards. Seventy-one percent of respondents reported improvement in their satisfaction with sex and 83% reported being satisfied with their decision to have the procedure. Ninety-three percent of participants reported that they would recommend this procedure to a friend with clitoral adhesions.

Clinical Implications
The results of this study will help clinicians to recognize the non-surgical lysis procedure as a treatment option for clitoral adhesions.

Strengths & Limitations
This study is the first of its kind assessing a cohort of patients undergoing the non-surgical lysis procedure for clitoral adhesions. Its limitations include a small sample size from 1 clinic and lack of validated instrument to evaluate sexual function and pain before and after the procedure.

Conclusion
Providers should regularly examine the clitoris of patients with symptoms of sexual dysfunction in order to determine if they have clitoral adhesions. The non-surgical lysis procedure may be a viable therapeutic option for these patients that has demonstrated both satisfaction and symptom relief.