bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Antibody Seroprevalence in Decedents Undergoing Forensic Postmortem Examination: Feasibility for &#x2028;Real-Time Pandemic Surveillance
Authors: Coburn Sally B , Manabe Yukari C , Laeyendecker Oliver , Sherman Susan G , Baker Owen R , Quinn Thomas C , Graham Lindsey A , Dennis Thomas F , Southall Pamela , Weedn Victor W , Ehsani Johnathon , Klock Ethan , Li Rong , Shields Wendy C , Michael Jeffrey Paul , Li Ling , Althoff Keri N 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background
Population-based seroprevalence studies offer comprehensive characterization of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spread, but barriers exist and marginalized populations may not be captured. We assessed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody seroprevalence among decedents in Maryland over 6 months in 2020.

Methods
Data were collected on decedents undergoing forensic postmortem examination in Maryland from 24 May through 30 November 2020 from whom a blood specimen could be collected. Those with available blood specimens were tested with the CoronaCHEK lateral flow antibody assay. We assessed monthly seroprevalence compared to the statewide estimated number of cases and proportion of positive test results (testing positivity). We used Poisson regression with robust variance to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations of demographic characteristics, homelessness, and manner of death with SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.

Results
Among 1906 decedents, 305 (16%) were positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Monthly seroprevalence increased from 11% to 22% over time and was consistently higher than state-level estimates of testing positivity. Hispanic ethnicity was associated with 2- to 3.2-fold higher seropositivity (P &lt; .05) irrespective of sex. Deaths due to motor vehicle crash were associated with 62% increased seropositivity (aPR, 1.62 [95% CI, 1.15–2.28]) vs natural manner of death. Though seroprevalence was lower in decedents of illicit drug overdose vs nonoverdose in early months, this shifted, and seroprevalence was comparable by November 2020.

Conclusions
Decedents undergoing forensic postmortem examination, especially those dying due to motor vehicle trauma, may be a sentinel population for COVID-19 spread in the general population and merits exploration in other states/regions.
Neural correlates of a load-dependent decline in visual working memory
Authors: Li Yaju , Noguchi Yasuki 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that a rate of temporal decline in visual working memory (vWM) highly depends on a number of memory items. When people retain the information of many (≥ 4) stimuli simultaneously, their memory representations are fragile and rapidly degrade within 2–3 s after an offset (called the “competition” among memory items). When a memory load is low (1 or 2 items), in contrast, the fidelity of vWM is preserved for a longer time because focused attention to the small number of items prevents the temporal degradation. In the present study, we explored neural correlates of this load-dependent decline of vWM in the human brain. Using electroencephalography and a classical change-detection task, we recorded neural measures of vWM that have been reported previously, such as the contralateral delay activity (CDA) and a suppression of alpha power (8–12 Hz). Results indicated that the load-dependent decline of vWM was more clearly reflected in the change in power and speed of alpha/beta rhythm than CDA, suggesting a close relationship of those signals to an attention-based preservation of WM fidelity.
Phasic stimulation in the nucleus accumbens enhances learning after traumatic brain injury
Authors: Aronson Joshua P , Katnani Husam A , Huguenard Anna , Mulvaney Graham , Bader Edward R , Yang Jimmy C , Eskandar Emad N 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite improvements in survival, treatments that improve functional outcome remain lacking. There is, therefore, a pressing need to develop novel treatments to improve functional recovery. Here, we investigated task-matched deep-brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens (NAc) to augment reinforcement learning in a rodent model of TBI. We demonstrate that task-matched deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the NAc can enhance learning following TBI. We further demonstrate that animals receiving DBS exhibited greater behavioral improvement and enhanced neural proliferation. Treated animals recovered to an uninjured behavioral baseline and showed retention of improved performance even after stimulation was stopped. These results provide encouraging early evidence for the potential of NAc DBS to improve functional outcomes following TBI and that its effects may be broad, with alterations in neurogenesis and synaptogenesis.
Successful Use of Thrombolysis in an Extremely Low Birth Weight, Premature Infant With Aortic Thrombosis
Authors: Samji Nasrin , Twiss Jennifer , Chan Anthony K.C. , Bhatt Mihir D. 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Severe neonatal aortic thrombosis is rare but can lead to significant morbidity or death if inadequately treated. Thrombolytic therapy is indicated for thrombi which are life-threatening, organ-threatening, or limb-threatening, but dosing consensus has not been established.

Observation:
We report a case of a 700 g preterm neonate with spontaneous intestinal perforation who developed an occlusive aortic thrombus with signs of limb ischemia. He was treated successfully with tissue plasminogen activator without hemorrhagic complications. He was started at a dose of 0.06 mg/kg/h and received a maximum dose of 0.3 mg/kg/h. Long-term follow-up at 3 years and 3 months showed no negative sequelae.

Conclusion:
Alteplase may be considered in premature, extremely low–birth weight infants with careful assessment of risk and benefits, along with frequent surveillance and supportive care.
Surgical Experience Affects the Outcome of Central Venous Access Catheter Implantation in Children: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Fritsch Lena-Marie , Le Melanie , Elrod Julia , Wössmann Wilhelm , Vincent Deirdre , Reinshagen Konrad , Boettcher Michael 
Published: April 2022

Introduction:
Surgical complications occur in up to third of children, limiting the benefits of tunneled central venous catheters (tCVCs) in children. We aimed to identify risk factors for complications related to catheter implantation.

Methods:
All children and adolescents undergoing tCVC implantation at a single center over a period of 9 years were analyzed. Infection, thrombosis, dislocation, and catheter dysfunction were defined as complications. Both patient-related (ie, age, sex, vessel characteristics, revision surgery) and surgical factors (ie, sex of surgeon, surgical experience) were analyzed for their association with complications.

Results:
A total of 1024 catheters were inserted, 887 ports and 137 broviac catheters. In terms of patient-related factors, Broviac catheters, and nononcological patients had a higher complication rate. The use of the internal jugular vein and revision surgery was associated with significantly increased complications in patients with port catheters. Experience of the surgeon correlated with various outcome parameters. Implantation performed by an attending were associated with lower complication rates in comparison to those performed by residents. Within the resident group, insertions performed by experienced residents had more complications compared with those performed by residents during their first years.

Conclusion:
The study suggests that the outcome of tCVCs insertion is affected by the type of catheter used, the utilized vessel and above all by surgical experience. Residents had significantly increased complication rates in comparison to board-certified surgeons and amongst resident’s outcome got worse with increasing experience of the residents. The presence of an experienced attending did not compensate for this effect. To improve the outcome of tCVCs, strategies like direct feedback after every procedure to achieve proficiency should be implanted in residency programs.
The Effect of Face-to-Face and Phone Call Motivational Interviewing on Cervical Cancer Screening
Authors: Pourebrahim-Alamdari Parvin , Mehrabi Esmat , Nourizadeh Roghaiyeh , Esmaeilpour Khalil , Mousavi Saeed , Hakimi Sevil 
Published: April 2022

Background
Having regular screening tests largely depends on motivational factors. Motivational interviewing (MI) facilitates the movement through the stages of the transtheoretical model of change.

Objective
The aim of this study was to compare the effect of face-to-face and phone call MI on cervical cancer screening.

Methods
This experimental study was conducted on 150 eligible women referred to health centers in Tabriz, Iran. The women were assigned into 3 groups (face-to-face MI, phone MI, or control) using blocked randomization. The face-to-face MI group participated in 3 weekly group counseling sessions, and the motivational phone call group received 3 weekly phone calls. The participants completed the demographic and obstetric questionnaire and stages of change checklist. Adherence to Pap smear was checked, according to the health profile, 6 months after the intervention. The data were analyzed using SPSS24 software. Chi-square, homogeneity test, and sequential logistic regression by the generalized estimating equations were used.

Results
After the intervention, about 32% women from the face-to-face MI group, 22% from the motivational phone call group, and 4% from the control group underwent Pap smear screening (P = .002). There was no significant difference between the 2 interventional groups in Pap smear frequency (P = .36).

Conclusion
The study results indicated that both face-to-face and phone call MI are effective in motivating women to have a Pap smear. Further studies are recommended to consider long-term follow-up (3–5 years).

Implications for Practice
It is recommended that healthcare providers use motivational phone call to encourage cancer screening behaviors.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a Technology-Based Psychosocial Education and Counseling Program for Adolescent Survivors of Childhood Leukemia
Authors: Arpaci Tuba , Altay Naime , Copur Gizem Yagmur 
Published: April 2022

Background
In addition to increased survivorship in childhood leukemia, a small but significant number of survivors experience psychosocial challenges that affect their health-related quality of life (QOL) that require interventions to address these challenges.

Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the technology-based, psychosocial education and counseling program on survivors’ QOL, self-efficacy, and coping skills within the scope of a health promotion model for adolescent survivors of childhood leukemia.

Methods
The randomized controlled trial was conducted with adolescent survivors of childhood leukemia who were between the ages of 12 and 18 and had completed treatment at least 2 years previously. Survivors were randomized to a technology-based intervention (n = 24) or a control group (n = 31). Survivors’ QOL, self-efficacy, and coping skills were measured at 4 time points (baseline, postintervention, 1 month postintervention, and 3 months postintervention).

Results
The 3-month postintervention QOL total and psychosocial subscale scores in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < .05). In addition, the emotional self-efficacy subscale scores and the active coping scores of the intervention group adolescents were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < .05). Negative coping scores were lower in the intervention group than in the control group (P < .05).

Conclusion
Technology-based, psychosocial counseling and education positively affects the QOL, emotional self-efficacy, and coping skills of adolescent survivors of childhood leukemia.

Implications for Practice
This program could be integrated into follow-up care and used as one of the support methods in providing and maintaining long-term follow-up care by pediatric oncology nurses.
The Efficacy of Virtual Reality–Based Interventions in Breast Cancer–Related Symptom Management
Authors: Tian Qi , Xu Mengmeng , Yu Lin , Yang Shu , Zhang Wei 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundBreast cancer patients experience a range of disease- and treatment-related symptoms that seriously threaten their quality of life. Virtual reality (VR), an emerging complementary and integrative therapy, has been increasingly applied in clinical practice. However, there is insufficient evidence to support the effectiveness of VR-based interventions on symptom management in breast cancer patients.ObjectiveThis article aimed to systematically examine the effects of VR on breast cancer–related symptom management.MethodsThe PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CINAHL, CNKI, Wan Fang, and VIP databases were comprehensively searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs published up to April 10, 2021. Studies using VR-based interventions to manage breast cancer–related symptoms were included. Two investigators independently reviewed and extracted data and evaluated methodological quality. RevMan 5.3 was used for meta-analysis, and heterogeneity was evaluated using Higgins’I2(%) statistic.ResultsEight RCTs and 6 quasi-RCTs with 797 participants were included. Virtual reality–based interventions significantly improved symptoms of anxiety, depression, pain, cognitive function, and shoulder range of motion in breast cancer patients, but no significant improvements in grip and upper extremity function were observed.ConclusionVirtual reality–based interventions had a positive effect on symptom management for breast cancer patients.Implications for PracticeHealth professionals, especially nurses, can apply VR in clinical practice to reduce symptoms and improve the quality of life of breast cancer patients. More studies are needed to draw higher quality conclusions and explore the best interventions and cost-effectiveness of VR.
Palliative Care Use in Advanced Cancer in the Garden State
Authors: Nicholson Bridget L. , Flynn Linda , Savage Beth , Zha Peijia , Kozlov Elissa 
Published: April 2022

Background
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. Patients with metastatic cancer have a high symptom burden. Major global and domestic cancer care recommendations advise integration of palliative care services for these patients. Palliative care is specialized care that can decrease cost, improve symptom burden, and improve quality of life. Patient factors driving the use of palliative care remain poorly understood but may include both physiological and psychological needs, namely, pain and depression, respectively.

Objective
The objective of this study was to identify patient-level predictors associated with inpatient palliative care use in patients with metastatic cancer.

Methods
This was a secondary analysis of the 2018 New Jersey State Inpatient Database. The sample was limited to hospitalized adults with metastatic cancer in New Jersey. Descriptive statistics characterized the sample. Generalized linear modeling estimated the effects of pain and depression on the use of inpatient palliative care.

Results
The sample included 28 697 hospitalizations for patients with metastatic cancer. Within the sample, 4429 (15.4%) included a palliative care consultation. There was a 9.3% documented occurrence of pain and a 10.9% rate of depression. Pain contributed to palliative care use, but depression was not predictive of an inpatient care consultation. Age, income category, and insurance status were significant factors influencing use.

Conclusion
Understanding demographic and clinical variables relative to palliative care use may help facilitate access to palliative care for adults experiencing metastatic cancer.

Implication for Practice
Increased screening for pain and depression may expand palliative care use for adults with metastatic cancer receiving inpatient care.
The Effect of Walking Intervention on Cognitive Function Among Patients With Non–Central Nervous System Cancer
Authors: Yang Hui-Ying , Chou Yun-Jen , Shun Shiow-Ching 
Published: April 2022

Background
Cognitive impairment is one of the most frequently reported symptoms in patients with non–central nervous system (non-CNS) cancer. Walking has positive effects on cognitive function. However, the effects of walking interventions on cognitive function outcomes in patients with non-CNS cancer are not well synthesized.

Objective
The aim of this study was to explore the characteristics of walking intervention and its effects on cognitive function in patients with non-CNS cancer.

Methods
Ten databases were searched to identify eligible randomized controlled trials from each database’s inception to June 7, 2021. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database Scale was used to assess the quality of the included studies.

Results
Five randomized controlled trials involving 242 adults with non-CNS cancer were included. Two studies involving immediate treadmill walking interventions with moderate intensity at 40% to 60% maximal heart rate reported significantly improved objective cognitive domains of processing speed and spatial working memory with small to moderate effect sizes for cancer survivors. One study delivering home-based, moderate-intensity walking intervention had borderline significantly positive effects on perceived cognitive functioning for patients with non-CNS cancer during chemotherapy.

Conclusion
Walking intervention with moderate intensity is a beneficial approach to improve objective cognitive domains of processing speed and spatial working memory and perceived cognitive function.

Implications for Practice
Nurses may provide moderate-intensity walking with 40% to 60% maximal heart rate monitoring to alleviate cognitive problems during the continuous process of cancer care. The modality and dosage of intervention should be adjusted depending on this population’s tolerance to better maintain training.
Efficacy of an Algorithm-Based Nursing Intervention to Promote a Balance Between Cancer Patients’ Social Roles and Outpatient Treatment
Authors: Kanda Kiyoko , Kyota Ayumi , Fujimoto Keiko , Shimizu Hiroko , Kikuchi Saori , Imai Yoko , Yoshida Kumiko 
Published: April 2022

Background
Cancer patients undergoing treatment are often unable to balance treatment and work because of the time required for care at the hospital and a desire to avoid problems at work.

Objective
The aim of this study was to elucidate the efficacy of an algorithm-based nursing intervention (ANI) to promote balance between social roles and outpatient treatment in cancer patients.

Methods
Participants were outpatients receiving cancer therapy and randomly assigned to a control or an intervention group, the latter to receive ANI for 2 months. The outcomes were assessed using the Distress and Impact Thermometer and changes in employment status. Data from 54 evaluable participants in each group were analyzed.

Results
Distress and Impact Thermometer scores in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < .001). In addition, 2 months later, 20 participants had resigned from their employment or were on leave in the control group (37.0%); this was twice the number in the intervention group, a significant difference (χ
2 = 4.573, P < .05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratio in the control group was 3.6 times that of the intervention group of having resigned.

Conclusion
The ANI appears to have reduced distress and impact scores associated with the course of treatment and to have reduced the likelihood of resignations at 2 months after implementation.

Implications for Practice
The intervention appears to be effective and may be a new tool for use by outpatient oncology nurses.
The Concept of Double Protection in the Childhood Cancer Context
Authors: Son Heeyeon , Haase Joan E. , Docherty Sharron L. 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundThe concept of double protection is used to describe communication avoidance used by parents and their child or adolescents with cancer in attempts to protect the other against disease-related stress and emotions, resulting from communication about the cancer, its treatment, and thoughts. This concept has received limited attention in the research literature.ObjectivesThe aims of this concept analysis are to (1) explore its defining characteristics, applicability, and utility, (2) spotlight the concept and increase awareness and interest among healthcare providers and researchers, and (3) provide a direction for future interventions to improve parent-child communication in the childhood cancer context.MethodsRodgers’ Evolutionary Concept Analysis was used, and the findings from a study that explored the communication experience of Korean adolescents with cancer and their parents were integrated.ResultsThis study explored the attributes, antecedents, consequences, and related terms. The following attributes were extracted: intention to protect, bidirectional, and absence of parent-child communication at a deeper level.ConclusionClarification of the concept of double protection provides insight into the concept as a barrier to engagement in parent-child communication and supports the significance of double protection in the childhood cancer context.Implications for PracticeThere is a need for increased awareness of the challenges and dangers inherent in family communication avoidance, double protection. In order to address the issue, developing developmentally appropriate and valid clinical assessment tool and interventions are required. More research on the evidence-based benefits of effective parent-child communication is also required.
Developing an International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Core Set for Pediatric Brain Tumor Survivors in Chinese Clinical Settings
Authors: Hsiao Shu-Tai Shen , Kuo Chao-Yang , Liou Tsan-Hon , Wang Tai-Ton , Liu Yen-Lin , Tseng Sung-Hui 
Published: April 2022

Background
The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) core set (CS) facilitates the standardization of functioning and impairment assessment for integration of holistic care.

Objective
This study developed an ICF CS for interviewing pediatric brain tumor survivors in Taiwan to help healthcare professionals in implementing disability assessment and management measures.

Methods
A group of 29 experts in 10 relevant fields with at least 5 years of experience working with children with brain tumors participated in this study. The first questionnaire contained 247 second-level ICF categories. The experts rated the significance of each category by using a 5-point Likert scale. Correlations between individual and group scores were calculated to determine consensus. Categories with an average rating of higher than 4 and for which greater than or equal to 80% (23) of the participants provided a rating of 4 or higher were included in the final CS.

Results
The final CS contained a total of 57 ICF categories: 20 from the Body Functions and Structures component, 36 from the Activities and Participation component, and 1 from the Environmental Factors component.

Conclusion
The ICF CS for pediatric brain tumor survivors provides a framework for relevant healthcare professionals to deliver patient-centered care, ensuring that services focus on all areas of development.

Implications for Practice
Patient ratings for this ICF CS may serve as a new practical and effective patient-reported information tool for acquiring patient input and for the systematic monitoring of pediatric brain tumor survivors in clinical practice. Further research should be conducted on this CS to verify our findings.