bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oxidative Stability in Lipid Formulations: a Review of the Mechanisms, Drivers, and Inhibitors of Oxidation
Authors: Musakhanian Jasmine , Rodier Jean-David , Dave Masumi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe importance of lipid-based formulations in addressing solubility and ultimately the bioavailability issues of the emerging drug entities is undeniable. Yet, there is scarcity of literature on lipid excipient chemistry and performance, notably in relation to oxidative stability. While not all lipid excipients are prone to oxidation, those with sensitive moieties offer drug delivery solutions that outweigh the manageable oxidative challenges they may present. For example, caprylocaproyl polyoxylglycerides help solubilize and deliver cancer drug to patients, lauroyl polyoxylglycerides enhance the delivery of cholesterol lowering drug, and sesame/soybean oils are critical part of parenteral nutrition. Ironically, excipients with far greater oxidative propensity are omnipresent in pharmaceutical products, a testament to the manageability of oxidative challenges in drug development. Successful formulation development requires awareness of what, where, and how formulation stability may be impacted, and accordingly taking appropriate steps to circumvent or meet the challenges ahead. Aiming to fill the information gap from a drug delivery scientist perspective, this review discusses oxidation pathways, prooxidants, antioxidants, and their complex interplay, which can paradoxically take opposite directions depending on the drug delivery system.
Randomized Trial Comparing Burr Hole Craniostomy, Minicraniotomy, and Twist Drill Craniostomy for Treatment of Chronic Subdural Hematoma
Authors: Duerinck Johnny , Van Der Veken Jorn , Schuind Sophie , Van Calenbergh Frank , van Loon Johannes , Du Four Stephanie , Debacker Servaes , Costa Emmanuel , Raftopoulos Christian , De Witte Olivier , Cools Wilfried , Buyl Ronald , Van Velthoven Vera , D'Haens Jean , Bruneau Michaël 
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND:
The mainstay of treatment for symptomatic or large chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is surgery, but controversy still exists regarding the best surgical technique. Three different techniques are commonly used: burr hole craniostomy (BHC), minicraniotomy (MC), and twist drill craniostomy (TDC).

OBJECTIVE:
To determine which surgical technique for drainage of CSDH offers best results.

METHODS:
We set up a multicenter prospective randomized trial (Comparison of Chronic Subdural Hematoma Treatment [COMPACT] trial) comparing BHC, MC, and TDC for the surgical treatment of CSDH. The primary end point was reoperation rate, and secondary end points included complication rates and clinical outcome. Patients were considered to have good outcome when they did not undergo reoperation, suffered no surgical or medical complication, and had no related mortality. Clinical outcome was also evaluated by evolution of the Markwalder score and the modified Rankin score.

RESULTS:
Two-hundred forty-five patients were included in the final analysis: 79 BHC, 84 MC, and 82 TDC. Mean duration of surgery was shorter for TDC than for BHC and MC (P < .001). Reoperation rate was 7.6% for BHC, 13.1% for MC, and 19.5% for TDC (P = .07). This trend toward better results for BHC was not statistically significant in logistic regression analysis. The proportion of patients with good outcome was 78.5% for BHC group, 76.2% for MC, and 69.5% for TDC (P = .4). Evolution of the Markwalder score and modified Rankin score were not significantly different between treatment groups.

CONCLUSION:
All 3 techniques are effective at treating patients with CSDH with eventual 6-month outcome being similar. Although not reaching statistical significance in our study, BHC offers the lowest recurrence rate combined with manageable complication rate.
Optimal Matchmaking Strategy in Two-Sided Marketplaces
Authors: Shi Peng 
Published: May 2022

Online platforms that match customers with suitable service providers utilize a wide variety of matchmaking strategies; some create a searchable directory of one side of the market (i.e., Airbnb, Google Local Finder), some allow both sides of the market to search and initiate contact (i.e., Care.com, Upwork), and others implement centralized matching (i.e., Amazon Home Services, TaskRabbit). This paper compares these strategies in terms of their efficiency of matchmaking as proxied by the amount of communication needed to facilitate a good market outcome. The paper finds that the relative performance of these matchmaking strategies is driven by whether the preferences of agents on each side of the market are easy to describe. Here, “easy to describe” means that the preferences can be inferred with sufficient accuracy based on responses to standardized questionnaires. For markets with suitable characteristics, each of these matchmaking strategies can provide near-optimal performance guarantees according to an analysis based on information theory. The analysis provides prescriptive insights for online platforms. This paper was accepted by Omar Besbes, revenue management and market analytics. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4444 .
Necessary and Sufficient Conditions for Rank-One-Generated Cones
Authors: Argue C. J. , Kılınç-Karzan Fatma , Wang Alex L. 
Published: May 2022

A closed convex conic subset [Formula: see text] of the positive semidefinite (PSD) cone is rank-one generated (ROG) if all of its extreme rays are generated by rank-one matrices. The ROG property of [Formula: see text] is closely related to the exactness of semidefinite program (SDP) relaxations of nonconvex quadratically constrained quadratic programs (QCQPs) related to [Formula: see text]. We consider the case where [Formula: see text] is obtained as the intersection of the PSD cone with finitely many homogeneous linear matrix inequalities and conic constraints and identify sufficient conditions that guarantee that [Formula: see text] is ROG. Our general framework allows us to recover a number of well-known results from the literature. In the case of two linear matrix inequalities, we also establish the necessity of our sufficient conditions. This extends one of the few settings from the literature—the case of one linear matrix inequality and the S-lemma—where an explicit characterization for the ROG property exists. Finally, we show how our ROG results on cones can be translated into inhomogeneous SDP exactness results and convex hull descriptions in the original space of a QCQP. We close with a few applications of these results; specifically, we recover the well-known perspective reformulation of a simple mixed-binary set via the ROG toolkit. Funding: This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research [Grant N00014-19-1-2321] with the National Science Foundation (NSF) Division of Civil, Mechanical and Manufacturing Innovation [Grant CMMI-1454548] and Frank A. and Helen E. Risch Faculty Development Chair. Part of this work was done while the second author was visiting the Simons Institute for the Theory of Computing, which was partially supported by the DIMACS/Simons Collaboration on Bridging Continuous and Discrete Optimization through the NSF Division of Computing and Communication Foundations [Grant CCF-1740425].
REINFORCEMENT PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER PADA MODUL BAHASA INDONESIA BERBASIS BUDAYA LOKAL TANA LUWU
Authors: Shaleh Mahadin , Mirnawati Mirnawati 
Published: May 2022

Pada proses pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia, guru terkadang hanya memanfaatkan bahan ajarÂ dari Â penerbit. Materi dalam bahan ajar yang disajikan dalam bahan ajar tersebut biasanya sudah dianggap jenuh oleh siswa. Berkaitan dengan pendidikan karakter, aspek sosiologis dan budaya lokal merupakan variabel yang turut menentukan.Â Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya berupa reinforcement (penguatan) pendidikan karakter. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) Palopo dengan menggunakan dua metode yaitu pelatihan dan pendampingan. Produk hasil kegiatan berupa modul pembelajaran mulai dari kelas X hingga kelas XII. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilaksanakan secara bertahap dari bulan Juli dan berakhir bulan pada bulan Nopember 2019. Simpulan dari hasil kegiatan ini adalah (a) Guru- guruÂ peserta pelatihan dan pendampingan memiliki tambahan pengetahuan dan wawasan terkait dengan pendidikan karakter berbasis budaya lokal dan mendapatkan pengetahuan tentang penelitian pengembangan (R&D) khususnya model Four D yang digunakan dalam mengembangkan modul pembelajaran; (b) Guru-guru peserta pelatihan dan pendampingan telah mampu menghasilkan produk bahan ajar berupa modul bahasa Indonesia di setiap kelas. Modul tersebut telah melewati proses validasi hingga uji kefektifan dan kepraktisan. Salah satu nilai tambah dalam kegiatan penguatan pendidikan karakter ini adalah integrasi budaya lokal Tana Luwu. Jadi karakter luhur dari budaya leluhur Tana Luwu ini dijadikan muatan materi dalam pembelajaran. Di satu sisi, pendidikan karakter sebagaimana menjadi program pemerintah telah berjalan, di sisi lain peserta didik juga mempelajari budayanya sendiri sehingga jati diri sebagai â€˜Wija to Luwuâ€™ tetap melekat dalam jiwa dan karakternya.
EDUKASI RISIKO KEHAMILAN DAN KELUARGA BERENCANA PADA WANITA USIA SUBUR (WUS) DI DUSUN PRINGGOLAYAN, KABUPATEN BANTUL
Authors: Matahari Ratu , Meldi Putri Apriliani , Nadiah Ulkin , Yuditasari Rizky , Marselina Sinta , Morisa Morisa 
Published: May 2022

Penggunaan KB dapat mengatasi risiko kesehatan reproduksi salah satunya adalah kehamilan 4T, yaitu hamilÂ dalam usia terlalu tua (usia &gt;35 tahun), hamil dalam usia terlalu muda (usia &lt;20 tahun), terlalu sering atau terlalu dekat jarak kehamilan (usia &lt;2 tahun) dan terlalu banyak anak (&gt;4 orang). Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan perubahan pengetahuan dan sikap wanita subur (WUS) terkait risiko kehamilan dan penggunaan metode KB. Metode intervensi yang dilakukan adalah edukasi menggunakan media leaflet kesehatan reproduksi. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan hasil terdapat perubahan pengetahuan dan sikap WUS di RT 01,10,11,12,dan 13 Dusun Pringgolayan, Kabupaten Bantul terhadap kehamilan berisiko dan penggunaan metode kontrasepsi. Dampak yang ditimbulkan dari intervensi yang telah dilakukan adalah WUS lebih memahami risiko kehamilan dan manfaat penggunaan metode kontrasepsi.
Challenges and opportunities for breast cancer early detection among rural dwelling women in Segamat District, Malaysia: A qualitative study
Authors: Schliemann Désirée , Hoe Wilfred Mok Kok , Mohan Devi , Allotey Pascale , Reidpath Daniel D. , Tan Min Min , Taib Nur Aishah Mohd , Donnelly Michael , Su Tin Tin 
Published: May 2022

Introduction
Breast cancer patients in low- and middle-income countries often present at an advanced stage. This qualitative study elicited views regarding the challenges and opportunities for breast cancer screening and early detection among women in a low-income semi-rural community in Segamat district, Malaysia.

Methods
Individual semi-structured interviews with 22 people (health professionals, cancer survivors, community volunteers and member from a non-governmental organization) and four focus group discussions (n = 22 participants) with women from a local community were conducted. All participants were purposively sampled and female residents registered with the South East Asia Community Observatory aged ≥40 years were eligible to participate in the focus group discussions. Data were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results
The thematic analysis illuminated barriers, challenges and opportunities across six domains: (i) personal experiences and barriers to help-seeking as well as financial and travel access barriers; (ii) primary care challenges (related to delivering clinical breast examination and teaching breast-self-examination); (iii) secondary care challenges (related to mammogram services); (iv) disconnection between secondary and primary care breast cancer screening pathways; and (v) opportunities to improve breast cancer early detection relating to community civil service society activities (i.e. awareness raising, support groups, addressing stigma/embarrassment and encouraging husbands to support women) and vi) links between public healthcare personnel and community (i.e. improving breast self-examination education, clinical breast examination provision and subsidised mammograms).

Conclusion
The results point to a variety of reasons for low uptake and, therefore, to the complex nature of improving breast cancer screening and early detection. There is a need to adopt a systems approach to address this complexity and to take account of the socio-cultural context of communities in order, in turn, to strengthen cancer control policy and practices in Malaysia.
Measuring equity of access to eye health outreach camps in rural Malawi
Authors: Trotignon Guillaume , Engels Thomas , Saeed Ali Shaneez , Mugwang’a Ziporah , Jones Iain , Bechange Stevens , Kaminyoghe Effie , Adera Tesfaye Haileselassie , Schmidt Elena 
Published: May 2022

Introduction
Equity in the access and use of health services is critical if countries are to make progress towards universal health coverage and address the systematic exclusion of the most vulnerable groups. The purpose of this study was to assess if the Co-ordinated Approach To Community Health programme implemented by Sightsavers was successful in reaching the poorest population, women, and people living with disabilities in Kasungu district, Malawi.

Methods
Between April and September 2017, data on socio-economic status, household characteristics and functional disability were collected from patients attending at eye camps in Kasungu district, Malawi. Using asset-based tools to measure household wealth (EquityTool© and Simple Poverty Scorecard©) and the Washington Group Short Set of Questions, individuals were categorised by wealth quintiles, poverty status, and functional disability status and then compared to relevant representative national household surveys. In addition, a follow-up household survey was conducted to check the validity of self-reported household characteristics at eye camps.

Results
A total of 1,358 individuals participated in the study. The study shows that self-reported data on household characteristics and assets are reliable and can be collected in clinical settings (instead of relying on direct observations of assets). Individuals attending outreach camps were poorer in terms of relative wealth and absolute poverty rates compared to the rest of the population in Kasungu. It was estimated that 9% of the participants belonged to the poorest quintile compared to 4% for the population in Kasungu (DHS 2015–2016). The ultra-poverty rate was also lower among respondents (13%) compared to 15% for Kasungu district (IHS 2017). The functional disability rate was 27.5% for study participants, and statistically higher than the general population (5.6%, SENTIF 2017). Even though women are more at risks than men, 54% of the participants were men.

Conclusions
Our study shows that existing tools can be reliably used, and combined, if based on recent population data, to assess equity of access to health services for vulnerable groups of the population. The findings suggest that the programme was successful in reaching the poorest people of the Kasungu district population as well as those with disabilities through outreach camps but that more men than women were reach through the programme. Subsequently, our study showed that self-reported household characteristics are a reliable method to measure asset-based wealth of camps’ attendee. However, it is essential to use sub-national data (district or regional level) from recent surveys for the purpose of benchmarking in order to produce accurate results.
Spatial pattern and predictors of malaria in Ethiopia: Application of auto logistics regression
Authors: Warkaw Yamral M. , Mitku Aweke A. , Zeru Melkamu A. , Ayele Muluwerk 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionMalaria is a severe health threat in the World, mainly in Africa. It is the major cause of health problems in which the risk of morbidity and mortality associated with malaria cases are characterized by spatial variations across the county. This study aimed to investigate the spatial patterns and predictors of malaria distribution in Ethiopia.MethodsA weighted sample of 15,239 individuals with rapid diagnosis test obtained from the Central Statistical Agency and Ethiopia malaria indicator survey of 2015. Global Moran’s I and Moran scatter plots were used in determining the distribution of malaria cases, whereas the local Moran’s I statistic was used in identifying exposed areas. The auto logistics spatial binary regression model was used to investigate the predictors of malaria.ResultsThe final auto logistics regression model was reported that male clients had a positive significant effect on malaria cases as compared to female clients [AOR = 2.401, 95% CI: (2.125–2.713) ]. The distribution of malaria across the regions was different. The highest incidence of malaria was found in Gambela [AOR = 52.55, 95%CI: (40.54–68.12)] followed by Beneshangul [AOR = 34.95, 95%CI: (27.159–44.963)]. Similarly, individuals in Amhara [AOR = 0.243, 95% CI:(0.195–0.303], Oromiya [AOR = 0.197, 955 CI: (0.158–0.244)], Dire Dawa [AOR = 0.064, 95%CI(0.049–0.082)], Addis Ababa[AOR = 0.057,95%CI:(0.044–0.075)], Somali[AOR = 0.077,95%CI:(0.059–0.097)], SNNPR[OR = 0.329, 95%CI: (0.261–0.413)] and Harari [AOR = 0.256, 95%CI:(0.201–0.325)] were less likely to had low incidence of malaria as compared with Tigray. Furthermore, for one meter increase in altitude, the odds of positive rapid diagnostic test (RDT) decreases by 1.6% [AOR = 0.984, 95% CI: (0.984–0.984)]. The use of a shared toilet facility was found as a protective factor for malaria in Ethiopia [AOR = 1.671, 95% CI: (1.504–1.854)]. The spatial autocorrelation variable changes the constant from AOR = 0.471 for logistic regression to AOR = 0.164 for auto logistics regression.ConclusionsThis study found that the incidence of malaria in Ethiopia had a spatial pattern which is associated with socio-economic, demographic, and geographic risk factors. Spatial clustering of malaria cases had occurred in all regions, and the risk of clustering was different across the regions. The risk of malaria was found to be higher for those who live in soil floor-type houses as compared to those who lived in cement or ceramics floor type. Similarly, households with thatched, metal and thin, and other roof-type houses have a higher risk of malaria than ceramics tiles roof houses. Moreover, using a protected anti-mosquito net was reducing the risk of malaria incidence.
Increasing obstructive sleep apnea risk is associated with hearing impairment in middle-aged Chinese men—A cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Yu , Wang Xiaoyi , Cui Jing , Ren Jiping , Xin Zhong , Chen Dongning 
Published: May 2022

Objective
Midlife males with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) bear a high risk for cardiovascular diseases. However, the association of OSA and hearing impairment is controversial. Our objective was to observe the incidence of hearing loss in middle-aged males with different risks for OSA.

Methods
794 men aged 40–65 who participated in health examination and pure tone hearing screening between January and June 2021 were recruited in the study. Medical history was collected. Height, weight and blood pressure were tested, and biochemical test including blood lipids and blood glucose was performed. According to the STOP-BANG score, the observed subjects were divided into low, intermediate and high groups for OSA risk. Hearing impairment was defined as failure in responding to any pure tone of 25 dB HL in any ear at the frequencies: 4 kHz for high frequency range and 0.5k, 1k, 2 kHz for low/medium frequency range. The incidence of hearing loss in those groups was compared after adjusting the cardiovascular risk factors.

Results
The incidence of hearing impairment in the groups of intermediate, high, and intermediate/high risk for OSA (46.9%, 45.2%, 46.3%, respectively) were higher than that in the group of low risk for OSA (33.3%, P<0.001). After adjusting cardiovascular risk factors, the risk of hearing impairment in the group of high risk for OSA is 1.64 times of the group of low risk for OSA (95%CI: 1.02–2.69, P<0.05). The risk of hearing impairment at high frequency(4kHz) in the group of intermediate/high risk for OSA is 1.43 times of the group of low-risk for OSA (95%CI: 1.00–2.06, P<0.05).

Conclusion
The risk of hearing impairment in midlife men with high, intermediate/high risk for OSA is significantly increased, especially at high frequency of 4 kHz.
Effect of airway clearance therapies on mucociliary clearance in adults with cystic fibrosis: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Trimble Aaron , Zeman Kirby , Wu Jihong , Ceppe Agathe , Bennett William , Donaldson Scott 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundCystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited disorder causing impaired mucociliary clearance within the respiratory tract, and is associated with bronchiectasis, chronic respiratory infections, and early death. Airway clearance therapies have long been a cornerstone of management of individuals with CF, although evidence supporting their use is lacking. We designed a randomized controlled trial to quantitatively compare the effects of different forms of airway clearance on mucociliary clearance.MethodsThree different physiotherapy methods to augment cough-clearance were studied in addition to cough-clearance alone: high-frequency chest-wall oscillating vest, oscillatory positive expiratory pressure, and whole-body vibration. We used gamma scintigraphy after inhalation of radiolabeled particles to quantify mucus clearance before, during, and after physiotherapy. As secondary endpoints, we measured concentrations of small molecules in exhaled breath that may impact mucus clearance.ResultsTen subjects were enrolled and completed study procedures. No differences were identified between any method of airway clearance, including cough clearance alone. We did identify changes in certain small molecule concentrations in exhaled breath following airway clearance.ConclusionsDue to the limitations of this study, we do not believe the negative results suggest a change in clinical practice with regard to airway clearance. Findings pertaining to small molecules in exhaled breath may serve as future opportunities for study.