bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reciprocal effects between young children's negative emotions and mothers' mental health during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Wei Yonggang , Wang Lu , Zhou Qiao , Tan Li , Xiao Yao 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the relations between young children's negative emotions and their mothers' mental health during the COVID‐19 pandemic.BackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic caused the public a certain degree of psychological symptoms, and family environments and relations have been changed dramatically as a result. The relations between young children's negative emotions and their mothers' mental health have not been sufficiently determined for the context of a pandemic or other large‐scale crises.MethodA survey was administrated on 8119 Chinese mothers of 3‐ to 6‐year‐old children with the Symptom Checklist 90 and the Child Negative Emotion Questionnaire.ResultsThe canonical correlation results indicated that there were covariation trends between young children's anger and their mother's obsessive–compulsive symptoms and hostility, children's fear and mothers' phobic anxiety, and children's tension and mothers' interpersonal sensitivity and depression. These correlations were all positively significant.ConclusionDuring the COVID‐19 pandemic, the predictive power of young children's negative emotions to their mothers' mental health was greater than that of the reverse.ImplicationsThis study provides a scientific guidance on the regulation of young children's negative emotions and the improvement of mothers' mental health during the pandemic as well as potential emergencies in the future.
Dissolved organic carbon affects the occurrence of deep chlorophyll peaks and zooplankton resource use and biomass
Authors: Tonin Joseph , Sherbo Bryanna , Higgins Scott N. , Schiff Sherry L. , Paterson Michael J. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) are increasing in many parts of the world and vary considerably among lakes. As a result, it is important to understand the effects of DOC on zooplankton, which are a key component of freshwater food webs. Deep chlorophyll maxima (DCMs) also are common in many lakes and numerous studies suggest that they may be an important resource for zooplankton.

In a survey of eight boreal lakes spanning a gradient of DOC (3.5–9.2 mg/L), we assessed variations in the occurrence of DCMs, zooplankton biomass and their use of basal resources using stable isotopes of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and hydrogen (H).

DCMs occurred only in lakes with lower DOC concentrations and Bayesian stable isotope mixing models indicated that they contributed between 22% and 72% of the assimilated diet of zooplankton. Food quality as indicated by C:P and chlorophyll a: C ratios increased with depth and in DCMs.

The proportion of C ultimately derived by zooplankton from terrestrial sources increased from 6% to 27% with DOC. Zooplankton biomass among lakes declined with increasing DOC concentrations, the absence of DCMs and with increasing allochthony.

Our results suggest that increasing inputs of DOC may suppress zooplankton in many lakes by affecting both resource quality and the availability of metalimnetic phytoplankton resources. Because zooplankton occupy a central position in freshwater food webs, declines in their biomass may further affect phytoplankton dynamics and fish productivity.
Diagnostic criteria for acute‐on‐chronic liver failure and related disease conditions in Japan
Authors: Mochida Satoshi , Nakayama Nobuaki , Terai Shuji , Yoshiji Hitoshi , Shimizu Masahito , Ido Akio , Inoue Kazuaki , Genda Takuya , Takikawa Yasuhiro , Takami Taro , Kato Naoya , Abe Masanori , Abe Ryuzo , Inui Ayano , Ohira Hiromasa , Kasahara Mureo , Chayama Kazuaki , Hasegawa Kiyoshi , Tanaka Atsushi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe Intractable Hepato‐Biliary Disease Study Group of Japan, sponsored by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Wealth, proposed in 2018 that patients with cirrhosis and a Child‐Pugh score of 5–9 should be diagnosed as having acute‐on‐chronic liver failure (ACLF) when a deterioration of liver function (“serum bilirubin level of 5.0 mg/dl or more” and “prothrombin time value of 40% or less of the standardized values and/or international normalization rates of 1.5 or more”) caused by severe liver damage develops within 28 days after an acute insult, including alcohol abuse, bacterial infection, gastrointestinal bleeding, and the exacerbation of underlying liver diseases. Disease severity can be classified into 4 grades depending on the extent of the deterioration in organ functions, including liver, kidney, cerebral, blood coagulation, circulatory and respiratory functions. The Study Group has since performed an annual nationwide survey of patients with ACLF diagnosed according to the proposed diagnostic criteria as well as those with disease conditions related to ACLF. A total of 501 patients, including 183 patients diagnosed as having ACLF, seen between 2017 and 2019 were enrolled, and univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that the proposed diagnostic criteria were useful for identifying cirrhotic patients with an unfavorable outcome following an acute insult. Consequently, the Study Group determined that the proposed diagnostic criteria should be used in both clinical practice and clinical research as formal diagnostic criteria.
Using the Nominal Group Technique to determine a nursing framework for a forensic mental health service: A discussion paper
Authors: Maguire Tessa , Garvey Loretta , Ryan Jo , Olasoji Michael , Willets Georgina 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe Nominal Group Technique is a method used to explore issues, generate ideas, and reach consensus on a topic. The Nominal Group Technique includes individual and group work and is designed to ensure participants have the same opportunity to engage and provide their opinions. While the technique has been used for around six decades to assist groups, in industry, and government organizations to examine issues and make decisions, this technique has received limited attention in nursing research, particularly in mental health. This discussion paper describes the use of a modified Nominal Group Technique for a study designed to determine a nursing decision‐making framework for a state‐wide forensic mental health service. Modifications were made to the traditional technique, to enable participants to make an informed and collective decision about a suitable framework for the novice to expert nurses, across secure inpatient, prison, and community forensic mental health settings. The Nominal Group Technique generated rich data and offered a structured approach to the process. We argue that the Nominal Group Technique offers an exciting and interactive method for nursing research and can increase opportunity for minority group members to participate. This technique also offers a time efficient way to engage busy clinical nurses to participate in research, with the advantage of members knowing the decision on the day of the group. Consideration, however, needs to be given to the duration and effect on participant concentration, and if not actively managed by facilitators, the possible emergence of group dynamics affecting individuals' decisions.
Flash sintering of ultra‐high pure alumina ceramics with fine microstructure
Authors: Yang Shoulei , Zhu Yinxiao , Yang Sirui , Fu Xinxin , Wei Pengfei , Fan Lei , Zhang Mengwen , An Linan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe nearly fully dense ultra‐high pure (>99.99%) α‐Al2O3 ceramics were prepared by flash sintering at the furnace temperature of 1300°C. Compared with the samples sintered at 1300 and 1650°C without electrical field, the flash‐sintered samples exhibited remarkably improved density and finer grains. The flash‐sintered samples also exhibited high hardness, which is even higher than that of the hot‐pressed sample. Therefore, it is believed that flash sintering could be an effective technique for the preparation of ultra‐high pure alumina ceramics.
Catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in the elderly >75 years old: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Prasitlumkum Narut , Tokavanich Nithi , Trongtorsak Angkawipa , Cheungpasitporn Wisit , Kewcharoen Jakrin , Chokesuwattanaskul Ronpichai , Akoum Nazem , Jared Bunch Thomas , Navaravong Leenhapong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionAtrial fibrillation (AF) ablation is increasingly performed worldwide. As comfort with AF ablation increases, the procedure is increasingly used in patients that are older and in those with more comorbidities. However, it is not well established whether AF ablation in the elderly, especially those >75 years old, has comparable safety and efficacy to younger populations.ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy and safety profiles in patients older than 75 years undergoing AF ablation with younger patients.MethodsDatabases from EMBASE, Medline, PubMed, and Cochrane, were searched from inception through September 2021. Studies that compared the success rates in AF catheter ablation and all complications rates between patients who were older vs under 75 years were included. Effect estimates from the individual studies were extracted and combined using random effect, generic inverse variance method of DerSimonian and Laird.ResultsTwenty‐seven observational studies were included in the analysis consisting of 363,542 patients who underwent AF ablation. Comparing patients older than 75 years old to younger patients, there was no difference in the success of ablation rates between elderly and younger patients (pooled OR 0.85: 95% CI:0.69–1.05, p = .131). On the other hand, AF ablation in the elderly was associated with higher complication rates (pooled OR 1.42: 95% CI:1.21–1.68, p < .001).ConclusionAs AF ablation is expanded to elderly populations, our study found that AF ablation success rates were similar in both elderly and younger patients. However, older patients experience higher rates of complications that should be considered when offering the procedure and as a means to improve outcomes with future innovations.
Trends in maternal characteristics and perinatal outcomes among Japanese pregnant women with type 1 and type 2 diabetes from 1982 to 2020
Authors: Fujikawa Shingu Kei , Waguri Masako , Takahara Mitsuyoshi , Katakami Naoto , Shimomura Iichiro 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAims/IntroductionThis study investigated the time trends of the maternal characteristics and perinatal outcomes of Japanese pregnant women with diabetes.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective study included 621 deliveries in 429 Japanese women with diabetes between 1982 and 2020. The association of the delivery date with clinical features was analyzed using the generalized estimating equations to adjust for the within‐person correlation.ResultsThe mean age of delivery and the mean diabetes duration increased over time (both P < 0.001), while the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy decreased (P = 0.006). The mean HbA1c values during pregnancy decreased significantly over time (all P < 0.001). The decreasing trends were associated with preterm delivery (P = 0.021) but not with other perinatal outcomes. The time trends were significantly different between patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and with type 2 diabetes mellitus in large for gestational age (LGA) and stillbirth (both P for interaction <0.05). The rate of LGA decreased among patients with type 2 diabetes (P = 0.003) but not those with type 1 diabetes (P = 0.413). In contrast, the prevalence of stillbirth was decreased among those with type 1 diabetes (P < 0.001) but not those with type 2 diabetes (P = 0.768). The proportion of major congenital anomalies did not change in the overall population (P = 0.259) and among patients with type 2 diabetes (P = 0.229), but it increased among those with type 1 diabetes (P = 0.044), although the difference between those with type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes was not statistically significant (P for interaction = 0.166).ConclusionsMaternal glycemic control has improved over the decades, whereas the improvement of perinatal outcomes has been limited. Perinatal outcomes still need to be improved in Japanese women with diabetes.
Effect of potassium supplementation on osmoregulatory and stress response of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage, 1878) with Spinacia oleraceaL. in aquaponics
Authors: John Venisza Cathy , Verma Ajit Kumar , Krishnani Kishore Kumar , Chandrakant Mallikarjuan Hittinahalli , Varghese Tincy , Pathak Madhuri Shrikant 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study evaluated the effect of different potassium supplementation dosages on the physiological responses of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus reared in an aquaponic system with Spinacia oleracea L. for 60 days. The system comprised of a rectangular fish tank of 168 l capacity (water volume = 100 l) with nutrient film technique (NFT)–based hydroponic component with fish to plant ratio of 2.8 kg m−3: 28 plants m−2 in all the treatments. The osmoregulatory and stress parameters of P. hypophthalmus at four different potassium dosages of T1 (90 mg l−1), T2 (120 mg l−1), T3 (150 mg l−1) and T4 (180 mg l−1) were compared with C (control, 0 mg l−1) to examine the potassium level to be applied to aquaponics. The water quality parameters and fish production were found to have no adverse impact due to potassium supplementation. The spinach yield during two harvests, i.e., before and after potassium supplementation, revealed that the yield was significantly higher (P < 0.05) after supplementation with the highest yield in T3 and T4. The osmoregulatory parameters such as plasma osmolality, Na+, K+ ATPase activity in gill and plasma ionic profile (Cl−, Ca2+ and Na+) showed an insignificant variation (P > 0.05) between control and treatments except for higher plasma potassium concentration (1.98 ± 0.19 mmol l−1) in T4. The stress and antioxidant enzyme analysis exhibited significantly higher plasma glucose and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in gill and liver in T4, whereas cortisol and catalase showed an insignificant difference (P > 0.05). The experimental findings demonstrated that the potassium dosage up to 150 mg l−1 could be suggested as optimum for P. hypophthalmus and spinach aquaponics without impairing the health and oxidative status of P. hypophthalmus.
Seasonal dynamics of marine protist communities in tidally mixed coastal waters
Authors: Caracciolo Mariarita , Rigaut‐Jalabert Fabienne , Romac Sarah , Mahé Frédéric , Forsans Samuel , Gac Jean‐Philippe , Arsenieff Laure , Manno Maxime , Chaffron Samuel , Cariou Thierry , Hoebeke Mark , Bozec Yann , Goberville Eric , Le Gall Florence , Guilloux Loïc , Baudoux Anne‐Claire , de Vargas Colomban , Not Fabrice , Thiébaut Eric , Henry Nicolas , Simon Nathalie 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMajor seasonal community reorganizations and associated biomass variations are landmarks of plankton ecology. However, the processes of plankton community turnover rates have not been fully elucidated so far. Here, we analyse patterns of planktonic protist community succession in temperate latitudes, based on quantitative taxonomic data from both microscopy counts (cells >10 μm) and ribosomal DNA metabarcoding (size fraction >3 μm, 18S rRNA gene) from plankton samples collected bimonthly over 8 years (2009–2016) at the SOMLIT‐Astan station (Roscoff, Western English Channel). Based on morphology, diatoms were clearly the dominating group all year round and over the study period. Metabarcoding uncovered a wider diversity spectrum and revealed the prevalence of Dinophyceae and diatoms but also of Cryptophyta, Chlorophyta, Cercozoa, Syndiniales and Ciliophora in terms of read counts and or richness. The use of morphological and molecular analyses in combination allowed improving the taxonomic resolution and to identify the sequence of the dominant species and OTUs (18S V4 rDNA‐derived taxa) that drive annual plankton successions. We detected that some of these dominant OTUs were benthic as a result of the intense tidal mixing typical of the French coasts in the English Channel. Our analysis of the temporal structure of community changes point to a strong seasonality and resilience. The temporal structure of environmental variables (especially Photosynthetic Active Radiation, temperature and macronutrients) and temporal structures generated by species life cycles and or species interactions, are key drivers of the observed cyclic annual plankton turnover.
Detection of pyrethroid resistance mutations and intron variants in the voltage‐gated sodium channel of Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti and Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus mosquitoes from Lao People's Democratic Republic
Authors: Marcombe Sebastien , Shimell Katherine , Savage Rachel , Howlett Edward , Luangamath Phonesavanh , Nilaxay Somphat , Vungkyly Vacky , Baby Anne , King Mathew , Clarke Josie , Jeffries Chloe , Jojo Josna , Lacey Emily , Bhatty Farris , Mabika Dadirayi , Dela Cruz Andrea , Fisher Cerys , Mbadu Milca , Despiniadis Iasonas , Brey Paul T. , Thammavong Phoutmany , Jones Andrew K. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn Lao People's Democratic Republic, Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus 1762) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse 1894) mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) are vectors of arboviral diseases such as dengue. As the treatment for these diseases is limited, control of the vectors with the use of pyrethroid insecticides is still essential. However, mutations in the voltage‐gated sodium channel (vgsc) gene giving rise to pyrethroid resistance are threatening vector control programs. Here, we analysed both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquitoes, which were collected in different districts of Laos (Kaysone Phomvihane, Vangvieng, Saysettha and Xaythany), for vgsc mutations commonly found throughout Asia (S989P, V1016G and F1534C). Sequences of the vgsc gene showed that the F1534C mutation was prevalent in both Aedes species. S989P and V1016G mutations were detected in Ae. aegypti from each site and were always found together. In addition, the mutation T1520I was seen in Ae. albopictus mosquitoes from Saysettha district as well as in all Ae. aegypti samples. Thus, mutations in the vgsc gene of Ae. aegypti are prevalent in the four districts studied indicating growing insecticide resistance throughout Laos. Constant monitoring programmes and alternative strategies for controlling Aedes should be utilized in order to prolong the effectiveness of pyrethroids thereby maximizing vector control.
Convergent evolution of disordered lipidic structural colour in the fruits of Lantana strigocamara (syn. L. camara hybrid cultivar)
Authors: Sinnott‐Armstrong Miranda A. , Ogawa Yu , van de Kerkhof Gea Theodora , Vignolini Silvia , Smith Stacey D. 
Published: May 2022

Summary

The majority of plant colours are produced by anthocyanin and carotenoid pigments, but colouration obtained by nanostructured materials (i.e. structural colours) is increasingly reported in plants. Here, we identify a multilayer photonic structure in the fruits of Lantana strigocamara and compare it with a similar structure in Viburnum tinus fruits.

We used a combination of transmission electron microscopy (EM), serial EM tomography, scanning force microscopy and optical simulations to characterise the photonic structure in L. strigocamara. We also examine the development of the structure during maturation.

We found that the structural colour derives from a disordered, multilayered reflector consisting of lipid droplets of c.105 nm that form a plate‐like structure in 3D. This structure begins to form early in development and reflects blue wavelengths of light with increasing intensity over time as the structure develops. The materials used are likely to be lipid polymers.

Lantana strigocamara is the second origin of a lipid‐based photonic structure, convergently evolved with the structure in Viburnum tinus. Chemical differences between the lipids in L. strigocamara and those of V. tinus suggest a distinct evolutionary trajectory with implications for the signalling function of structural colours in fruits.
APACHE scoring system and pressure injury risk for intensive care patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Tang Wen , Zha Man‐li , Zhang Wan‐Qing , Hu Shi‐Qi , Chen Hong‐Lin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe present study was designed to determine the association between Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) scale and elevated pressure injure (PI) risk in intensive care units (ICU) and also evaluate the predictive value of APACHE score in PI patients. Comprehensive strategies were used to search studies from PubMed, Web of Science, and Ovid Embase electronic databases for observational studies that provided data about APACHE scores related to PI in ICU. Eligible studies were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The pooled SMD with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. A summary ROC curve was plotted to calculate area under curve (AUC) for APACHE‐II (15–20). Twenty‐one studies involving 11,102 patients who met selection criteria were included. The 11.0% of patients (1229/11102) in ICU developed PIs. Overall, the PI group had a higher score compared with the non‐PI group in the APACHE II (22.1 ± 8.0 vs. 14.5 ± 7.4, mean ± SD). The APACHE‐III of PI patients was significantly more than that in the non‐PI group (79.9 ± 25.6 vs. 59.9 ± 30.4, mean ± SD). The pooled SMD was 0.82 (95% CI: 0.58–1.06, I2 = 91.7%, p‐value < 0.001). The subgroup analysis revealed that the risk of PIs did not vary with the type of APACHE score (II, III, IV) and the type of study design (case–control, cross‐sectional, cohort, longitudinal study). Proportion of males (I2 = 91.68%, p value = 0.090), publish year (I2 = 91.96%, p value = 0.187) and mean age of patients (I2 = 91.96%, p value = 0.937) were not the sources of heterogeneity. APACHE‐II (15–20) achieves the best predictive performance in PI, and the prediction accuracy was balanced with equal sensitivity and specificity (Sen: 0.72, 0.62–0.80; Spec: 1.72, 1.25–2.38). In conclusion, higher APACHE scores are frequently accompanied by a higher incidence of PI among critical‐care patients. APACHE‐II scores (15–20) satisfactorily predicted PI, and strategies to prevent PI should be aggressively implemented.