bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
APOE E4 is associated with impaired self-declared cognition but not disease risk or age of onset in Nigerians with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Okubadejo Njideka U. , Okunoye Olaitan , Ojo Oluwadamilola O. , Arabambi Babawale , Akinyemi Rufus O. , Osaigbovo Godwin O. , Abubakar Sani A. , Iwuozo Emmanuel U. , Wahab Kolawole W. , Agabi Osigwe P. , Agulanna Uchechi , Imarhiagbe Frank A. , Abiodun Oladunni V. , Achoru Charles O. , Adebowale Akintunde A. , Adeniji Olaleye , Akpekpe John E. , Ali Mohammed W. , Ani-Osheku Ifeyinwa , Arigbodi Ohwotemu , Balarabe Salisu A. , Bello Abiodun H. , Ekenze Oluchi S. , Erameh Cyril O. , Farombi Temitope H. , Fawale Michael B. , Komolafe Morenikeji A. , Nwani Paul O. , Nwazor Ernest O. , Nyandaiti Yakub , Obehighe Emmanuel E. , Obiabo Yahaya O. , Odeniyi Olanike A. , Odiase Francis E. , Ojini Francis I. , Onwuegbuzie Gerald A. , Osemwegie Nosakhare , Oshinaike Olajumoke O. , Otubogun Folajimi M. , Oyakhire Shyngle I. , Taiwo Funlola T. , Williams Uduak E. , Ozomma Simon , Zubair Yusuf , Hernandez Dena , Bandres-Ciga Sara , Blauwendraat Cornelis , Singleton Andrew , Houlden Henry , Hardy John , Rizig Mie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe relationship between APOE polymorphisms and Parkinson’s disease (PD) in black Africans has not been previously investigated. We evaluated the association between APOE polymorphic variability and self-declared cognition in 1100 Nigerians with PD and 1097 age-matched healthy controls. Cognition in PD was assessed using the single item cognition question (item 1.1) of the MDS-UPDRS. APOE genotype and allele frequencies did not differ between PD and controls (p > 0.05). No allelic or genotypic association was observed between APOE and age at onset of PD. In PD, APOE ε4/ε4 conferred a two-fold risk of cognitive impairment compared to one or no ε4 (HR: 2.09 (95% CI: 1.13–3.89; p = 0.02)), while APOE ε2 was associated with modest protection against cognitive impairment (HR: 0.41 (95% CI 0.19–0.99, p = 0.02)). Of 773 PD with motor phenotype and APOE characterized, tremor-dominant (TD) phenotype predominated significantly in ε2 carriers (87/135, 64.4%) compared to 22.2% in persons with postural instability/gait difficulty (PIGD) (30/135) and 13.3% in indeterminate (ID) (18/135, 13.3%) (p = 0.037). Although the frequency of the TD phenotype was highest in homozygous ε2 carriers (85.7%), the distribution of motor phenotypes across the six genotypes did not differ significantly (p = 0.18). Altogether, our findings support previous studies in other ethnicities, implying a role for APOE ε4 and ε2 as risk and protective factors, respectively, for cognitive impairment in PD.
Transcriptomic analysis reveals an association of FCGBP with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Gómez-Garre Pilar , Periñán María Teresa , Jesús Silvia , Bacalini Maria Giulia , Garagnani Paolo , Mollenhauer Brit , Pirazzini Chiara , Provini Federica , Trenkwalder Claudia , Franceschi Claudio , Mir Pablo ,   on behalf of the PROPAG-AGEING consortium
Published: November 2022

AbstractTranscriptomics in Parkinson’s disease (PD) offers new insights into the molecular mechanism of PD pathogenesis. Several pathways, such as inflammation and protein degradation, have been identified by differential gene expression analysis. Our aim was to identify gene expression differences underlying the disease etiology and the discovery of pre-symptomatic risk biomarkers for PD from a multicenter study in the context of the PROPAG-AGEING project. We performed RNA sequencing from 47 patients with de novo PD, 10 centenarians, and 65 healthy controls. Using identified differentially expressed genes, functional annotations were assigned using gene ontology to unveil significant enriched biological processes. The expression of 16 selected genes was validated using OpenArray® assays and samples from independent cohorts of 201 patients with advanced PD, 340 healthy siblings of PD patients, and 177 healthy controls. Differential gene expression analysis identified higher FCGBP expression in patients with de novo PD compared with healthy controls and compared with centenarians. Furthermore, FCGBP showed no differences in terms of population origin or aging process. The increased FCGBP expression was validated in patients with advanced PD and their siblings. Thus, we provided evidence for an upregulation of FCGBP mRNA levels not only in patients with PD but also in individuals at putative higher risk of PD, suggesting that it could be important in gut–brain PD interaction, mediating the connection between microbiota and intestinal inflammatory processes, as well as neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.
Dysphagia for medication in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Labeit Bendix , Berkovich Elijahu , Claus Inga , Roderigo Malte , Schwake Anna-Lena , Izgelov Dvora , Mimrod Dorit , Ahring Sigrid , Oelenberg Stephan , Muhle Paul , Zentsch Verena , Wenninger Fiona , Suntrup-Krueger Sonja , Dziewas Rainer , Warnecke Tobias 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDysphagia is common in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and is assumed to complicate medication intake. This study comprehensively investigates dysphagia for medication and its association with motor complications in PD. Based on a retrospective analysis, a two-dimensional and graduated classification of dysphagia for medication was introduced differentiating swallowing efficiency and swallowing safety. In a subsequent prospective study, sixty-six PD patients underwent flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing, which included the swallowing of 2 tablets and capsules of different sizes. Dysphagia for medication was present in nearly 70% of PD patients and predicted motor complications according to the MDS-UPDRS-part-IV in a linear regression model. Capsules tended to be swallowed more efficiently compared to tablets, irrespective of size. A score of ≥1 on the swallow-related-MDS-UPDRS-items can be considered an optimal cut-off to predict dysphagia for medication. Swallowing impairment for oral medication may predispose to motor complications.
Language abnormalities in schizophrenia: binding core symptoms through contemporary empirical evidence
Authors: Chang Xiao , Zhao Wei , Kang Jujiao , Xiang Shitong , Xie Chao , Corona-Hernández Hugo , Palaniyappan Lena , Feng Jianfeng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBoth the ability to speak and to infer complex linguistic messages from sounds have been claimed as uniquely human phenomena. In schizophrenia, formal thought disorder (FTD) and auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) are manifestations respectively relating to concrete disruptions of those abilities. From an evolutionary perspective, Crow (1997) proposed that “schizophrenia is the price that Homo sapiens pays for the faculty of language”. Epidemiological and experimental evidence points to an overlap between FTD and AVHs, yet a thorough investigation examining their shared neural mechanism in schizophrenia is lacking. In this review, we synthesize observations from three key domains. First, neuroanatomical evidence indicates substantial shared abnormalities in language-processing regions between FTD and AVHs, even in the early phases of schizophrenia. Second, neurochemical studies point to a glutamate-related dysfunction in these language-processing brain regions, contributing to verbal production deficits. Third, genetic findings further show how genes that overlap between schizophrenia and language disorders influence neurodevelopment and neurotransmission. We argue that these observations converge into the possibility that a glutamatergic dysfunction in language-processing brain regions might be a shared neural basis of both FTD and AVHs. Investigations of language pathology in schizophrenia could facilitate the development of diagnostic tools and treatments, so we call for multilevel confirmatory analyses focused on modulations of the language network as a therapeutic goal in schizophrenia.
Beneficial effects of adding magnesium to desalinated drinking water on metabolic and insulin resistance parameters among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Albaker Waleed I. , Al-Hariri Mohammed T. , Al Elq Abdulmohsen H. , Alomair Nuhad A. , Alamoudi Ahmed S. , Voutchkov Nikalay , Ihm Seungwon , Namazi Mohammed A. , Alsayyah Ahmed A. , AlRubaish Fatima A. , Alohli Fadwa T. , Zainuddin Fatma A. , Alobaidi Anwar A. , Almuzain Fatimah A. , Elamin Mohamed O. , Alamoudi Naela B. , Alamer Mashael A. , Alghamdi Abdulrahman A. , AlRubaish Nafie A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThere is evidence that increasing the consumption of water containing magnesium can improve glucose metabolism and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This trial was undertaken with the objective of evaluating the effect of adding different concentrations of magnesium chloride to the desalinated drinking water on the glycemic, metabolic, and insulin resistance parameters among patients with T2DM. A randomized cross-sectional controlled clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of adding magnesium chloride supplement to desalinated drinking water consumed by patients with T2DM on the glycemic and metabolic parameters and indicators of insulin sensitivity. The total number of patients with T2DM who successfully completed the trial is 102. Patients were randomly allocated into three groups: the first group received bottled water without added magnesium (0 mg/L) (Group A, n = 37); the second group received bottled water with a low level of magnesium (20 mg/L) (Group B, n = 33); and the third group received drinking water with a high level of magnesium (50 mg/L) (Group C, n = 32). The daily consumption of elemental magnesium for a period of 3 months resulted in significant improvement in HbA1C (8.0 vs 8.2%, p = 0.04), insulin level (7.5 vs 9.9 μIU/mL, p = 0.03), and homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA.IR) (2.5 vs 2.9, p = 0.002) in group C. However, there was no significant improvement in fasting blood glucose (FBS) level or lipid profile. The results of this study suggest that oral magnesium supplementation at the given dose of 50 mg/L daily added to drinking water could improve long-term glycemic control indicators and reduce insulin resistance in patients with T2DM.
On-field optical imaging data for the pre-identification and estimation of leaf deformities
Authors: Saleah Sm Abu , Wijesinghe Ruchire Eranga , Lee Seung-Yeol , Ravichandran Naresh Kumar , Seong Daewoon , Jung Hee-Young , Jeon Mansik , Kim Jeehyun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractVisually nonidentifiable pathological symptoms at an early stage are a major limitation in agricultural plantations. Thickness reduction in palisade parenchyma (PP) and spongy parenchyma (SP) layers is one of the most common symptoms that occur at the early stage of leaf diseases, particularly in apple and persimmon. To visualize variations in PP and SP thickness, we used optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based imaging and analyzed the acquired datasets to determine the threshold parameters for pre-identifying and estimating persimmon and apple leaf abnormalities using an intensity-based depth profiling algorithm. The algorithm identified morphological differences between healthy, apparently-healthy, and infected leaves by applying a threshold in depth profiling to classify them. The qualitative and quantitative results revealed changes and abnormalities in leaf morphology in addition to disease incubation in both apple and persimmon leaves. These can be used to examine how initial symptoms are influenced by disease growth. Thus, these datasets confirm the significance of OCT in identifying disease symptoms nondestructively and providing a benchmark dataset to the agriculture community for future reference.
Building the European Social Innovation Database with Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning
Authors: Gök Abdullah , Antai Roseline , Milošević Nikola , Al-Nabki Wesam 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSocial innovation is widely defined as technological and non-technological new products, services or models that simultaneously meet social needs and create new social relationships or collaborations. Despite a significant interest in the concept, the lack of reliable and comprehensive data is a barrier for social science research. We created the European Social Innovation Database (ESID) to address this gap. ESID is based on the idea of large-scale collection of unstructured web site text to classify and characterise social innovation projects from around the world. We use advanced machine learning techniques to extract features such as social innovation dimensions, project locations, summaries, and topics, among others. Our models perform as high as 0.90 F1. ESID currently includes 11,468 projects from 159 countries. ESID data is available freely and also presented in a web-based app. Our future workplan includes expansion (i.e., increasing the number of projects), extension (i.e., adding new variables) and dynamic retrieval (i.e., retrieving and extracting information in regular intervals).
Developing an app-based self-management program for people living with HIV: a randomized controlled pilot study during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Shim Mi-So , Kim Sunah , Choi Mona , Choi Jun Yong , Park Chang Gi , Kim Gwang Suk 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPeople living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) in Korea demonstrate insufficient self-management behaviors. Especially during pandemics such as COVID-19, technology-based self-management programs are needed to overcome time and space limitations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a self-management program using a mobile app (Health Manager) on self-management outcomes among PLWH in Korea. A randomized controlled pilot trial was performed and participants were enrolled in the infectious outpatient clinic of a single hospital. The intervention group used the mobile app for 4 weeks, while the control group received self-management education materials in a portable document format. The online self-report questionnaire assessed primary outcomes including self-efficacy for self-management, self-management behaviors, and medication adherence, and secondary outcomes including perceived health status, depression, and perceived stigma. Thirty-three participants were randomly assigned to the intervention (n = 17) or the control group (n = 16). In the intention-to-treat analysis, self-efficacy for self-management and self-management behaviors increased, while perceived stigma decreased. The app-based self-management program could be considered a helpful strategy to improve self-management outcomes among PLWH and reduce their perceived stigma during the pandemic. Further studies with larger samples and longer follow-ups are needed.Trial registration: Clinical Research Information Service, KCT0004696 [04/02/2020].
Cobalt-conjugated carbon quantum dots for in vivo monitoring of the pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase inhibitor drug dichloroacetic acid
Authors: Raut Jiko , Islam Md Majharul , Sherpa Rinchen D. , Sarkar Biraj , Mandal Shanti M. , Hui Subhra P. , Mandal Sukhendu , Sahoo Prithidipa 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDichloroacetic acid (DCA), an organohalide that present in environmental sample and biological systems, got high attention for its therapeutic potential as the inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK), elevated in obesity, diabetes, heart disease and cancer. Herein, we developed a Cobalt conjugated carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs/Co) that selectively detect DCA by fluorescence “turn-on” mechanism. Utilizing TEM, DLS, UV–vis and fluorescence spectroscopy, the mechanism has been thoroughly elucidated and is attributed to disaggregation induced enhancement (DIE). The limit of detection of the N-CQDs/Co complex is 8.7 µM. The structural characteristics and size of the N-CQDs and N-CQDS/Co complex have been verified using FT-IR, XPS, HRTEM, DLS, EDX have been performed. Additionally, the complex is used to specifically find DCA in the human cell line and in zebrafish.Journal instruction requires a city for affiliations; however, these are missing in affiliation [4]. Please verify if the provided city is correct and amend if necessary.Kharagpur is the city. The address is okay.
Parahydrogen-induced polarization and spin order transfer in ethyl pyruvate at high magnetic fields
Authors: Pravdivtsev Andrey N. , Brahms Arne , Ellermann Frowin , Stamp Tim , Herges Rainer , Hövener Jan-Bernd 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNuclear magnetic resonance has experienced great advances in developing and translating hyperpolarization methods into procedures for fundamental and clinical studies. Here, we propose the use of a wide-bore NMR for large-scale (volume- and concentration-wise) production of hyperpolarized media using parahydrogen-induced polarization. We discuss the benefits of radio frequency-induced parahydrogen spin order transfer, we show that 100% polarization is theoretically expected for homogeneous B0 and B1 magnetic fields for a three-spin system. Moreover, we estimated that the efficiency of spin order transfer is not significantly reduced when the B1 inhomogeneity is below ± 5%; recommendations for the sample size and RF coils are also given. With the latest breakthrough in the high-yield synthesis of 1-13C-vinyl pyruvate and its deuterated isotopologues, the high-field PHIP-SAH will gain increased attention. Some remaining challenges will be addressed shortly.
A simple label-free method reveals bacterial growth dynamics and antibiotic action in real-time
Authors: Hammond Robert J. H. , Falconer Kerry , Powell Thomas , Bowness Ruth , Gillespie Stephen H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the response of bacteria to environmental stress is hampered by the relative insensitivity of methods to detect growth. This means studies of antibiotic resistance and other physiological methods often take 24 h or longer. We developed and tested a scattered light and detection system (SLIC) to address this challenge, establishing the limit of detection, and time to positive detection of the growth of small inocula. We compared the light-scattering of bacteria grown in varying high and low nutrient liquid medium and the growth dynamics of two closely related organisms. Scattering data was modelled using Gompertz and Broken Stick equations. Bacteria were also exposed meropenem, gentamicin and cefoxitin at a range of concentrations and light scattering of the liquid culture was captured in real-time. We established the limit of detection for SLIC to be between 10 and 100 cfu mL−1 in a volume of 1–2 mL. Quantitative measurement of the different nutrient effects on bacteria were obtained in less than four hours and it was possible to distinguish differences in the growth dynamics of Klebsiellapneumoniae 1705 possessing the BlaKPC betalactamase vs. strain 1706 very rapidly. There was a dose dependent difference in the speed of action of each antibiotic tested at supra-MIC concentrations. The lethal effect of gentamicin and lytic effect of meropenem, and slow bactericidal effect of cefoxitin were demonstrated in real time. Significantly, strains that were sensitive to antibiotics could be identified in seconds. This research demonstrates the critical importance of improving the sensitivity of bacterial detection. This results in more rapid assessment of susceptibility and the ability to capture a wealth of data on the growth dynamics of bacteria. The rapid rate at which killing occurs at supra-MIC concentrations, an important finding that needs to be incorporated into pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic models. Importantly, enhanced sensitivity of bacterial detection opens the possibility of susceptibility results being reportable clinically in a few minutes, as we have demonstrated.
Epithelial membrane protein 2 (EMP2) regulates hypoxia-induced angiogenesis in the adult retinal pigment epithelial cell lines
Authors: Sun Michel , Cherian Nina , Liu Lucia , Chan Ann M. , Aguirre Brian , Chu Alison , Strawbridge Jason , Kim Esther S. , Lin Meng-Chin , Tsui Irena , Gordon Lynn K. , Wadehra Madhuri 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPathologic retinal neovascularization is a potentially blinding consequence seen in many common diseases including diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, and retinal vaso-occlusive diseases. This study investigates epithelial membrane protein 2 (EMP2) and its role as a possible modulator of angiogenesis in human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) under hypoxic conditions. To study its effects, the RPE cell line ARPE-19 was genetically modified to either overexpress EMP2 or knock down its levels, and RNA sequencing and western blot analysis was performed to confirm the changes in expression at the RNA and protein level, respectively. Protein expression was evaluated under both normoxic conditions or hypoxic stress. Capillary tube formation assays with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were used to evaluate functional responses. EMP2 expression was found to positively correlate with expression of pro-angiogenic factors HIF1α and VEGF at both mRNA and protein levels under hypoxic conditions. Mechanistically, EMP2 stabilized HIF1α expression through downregulation of von Hippel Lindau protein (pVHL). EMP2 mediated changes in ARPE-19 cells were also found to alter the secretion of a paracrine factor(s) in conditioned media that can regulate HUVEC migration and capillary tube formation in in vitro functional angiogenesis assays. This study identifies EMP2 as a potential mediator of angiogenesis in a human RPE cell line. EMP2 levels positively correlate with pro-angiogenic mediators HIF1α and VEGF, and mechanistically, EMP2 regulates HIF1α through downregulation of pVHL. This study supports further investigation of EMP2 as a promising novel target for therapeutic treatment of pathologic neovascularization in the retina.