bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Locating the propagation source in complex networks with observers based similarity measures and direction-induced search
Authors: Yang Fan , Li Chungui , Peng Yong , Liu Jingxian , Yao Yabing , Wen Jiayan , Yang Shuhong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Locating the propagation source is one of the most important strategies to control the harmful diffusion process on complex networks. In this paper, we define two observers based similarity measures, including Infection Time Similarity and Infection Time Order Similarity. On the other hand, direction-induced search (DIS, developed in our previous work) is an effective graph traversal method for source locating. By combining the two observers based similarity measures with relaxed DIS, we propose a novel source locating method. Assuming that the diffusion process on complex networks follows discrete Susceptible-Infectious (SI) model, we verify the performance of this method on a series of synthetic and real networks. The experimental results show that the proposed method is better than other three state-of-the-art methods in locating the propagation source.PACS 89.20.Ff · 89.75.Da
Ultrasound diagnosis of pelvic veins in women of reproductive age
Authors: Fomina E. E. , Akhmetzianov R. V. , Tukhbatullin M. N. 
Published: May 2022

Introduction. Nowadays radiological diagnostics dives particular attention to the research of the pelvic veins in women. Absence of diagnostic criteria for identifying norms do not make it possible to establish the initial disease manifestations. It is also not sufficient enough to make a proper forecast about the formation of pelvic varicose veins.Objective: To study the ultrasound criteria of diagnostic parameters of pelvic veins in women of reproductive age without stated venous pathology.Materials and methods. This research examined 80 young, relatively healthy nulliparous women. The ultrasound criteria of diagnostic parameters of the following veins such as the left renal vein, ovarian veins, cluster-shaped and uterine veins, the angle between the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery, elasticity indices of the common femoral and popliteal veins were studied. Profound data analysis revealed that all patients had significant differences in the left renal vein indices. Based on this data 2 groups were formed: Group 1 (mean age 25.00 ± 3.31 years) 60 people, quite homogeneous according to the studied indices; Group 2 (mean age 24.25 ± 2.61 years) 20 people, quite heterogeneous according to the studied indices. Ultrasonography (Ultrasound examination) was performed using Logiq E9 (GE, USA) and AIXPLORER Super-Sonik Imagine, with convex, endovaginal, and linear sensors. Statistics processing was accom-plished using the StatSoft Statistica 10 software package.Results. In the general sample of patients, positive correlations were found for the following pelvic veins: ovarian veins on both sides, and cerebellar veins on the right side; and cerebellar and uterine veins on the right side. The results of the studied ultrasound parameters in Groups 1 and 2 showed that they differ significantly (p < 0.05). Almost all diagnostic parameters in Group 2 were significantly higher (p < 0.05), all women had anatomical aorto-mesenteric pincer.Conclusion. Ultrasonography of pelvic veins provides information on the anatomical-functional and hemodynamic state of the veins. That is important for prognostication of pelvic varicose veins and revealing asymptomatic forms of this disease.
Cyanoacrylate Adhesive Closure in the Real-World Practice: 2-Year Results of Varicose Vein Treatment
Authors: Shirinbek O. , Mnatsakanyan G. V. , Odinokova S. N. 
Published: May 2022

Introduction. Over the past decade, thermal tumescent (TT) ablation became the “gold standard” treatment of varicose veins. Non-thermal non-tumescent (NTNT) methods emerged in response to minimize the interventional invasion.Aim. To evaluate the two-year results of cyanoacrylate adhesive closure (CAC).Methods. Between July 2019 and July 2021, CAC was performed in 457 patients (average age 57.8 ± 15.7 years), on 634 limbs and 725 saphenous veins. Patient distribution according to CEAP was: C2 – 38%; C3 – 37%; C4 – 19%; C5 – 4%; C6 – 2%. The inclusion criteria were: incompetence of sapheno-femoral/popliteal junction and axial reflux > 0.5 sec, diameter of saphenous trunk > 6 mm, presence of varicosities. CAC was performed according to the protocol of the American Vein Closure System In more than 2/3 of cases (76.2%), CAC was performed selectively without tributary treatment . The pain was assessed by visual-analogue scale (VAS). The control ultrasound was performed on the 3rd day, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months post-intervention.Results. Anatomical success was achieved in 100%. The VAS pain score was < 3 in 93% of patients. Partial recanalization occurred in 4 (0.6%) patients. Distal deep vein thrombosis was detected in 2 (0.3%) patients, migration of glue – in 7 (1%) patients, phlebitislike skin reaction – in 50 (11%), superficial thrombophlebitis – in 20 (4.4%) and soft tissue granuloma at the access site was diagnosed in 6 (1.3%) patients.Conclusion. CАC is a highly effective and safe treatment method with 99.4% occlusion rate in s. two-year follow-up period.
Some clinical and laboratory predictors of structural changes in the biological shunt after femoral-popliteal bypass surgery
Authors: Khorev N. G. , Kotov V. I. , Konkova V. O. 
Published: May 2022

Introduction. For revascularization in the absence of autovenous material, epoxy-treated bioprostheses from the bovine internal mammary artery are widely used in the Russian Federation, which are subjected to certain structural deformations.Purpose and objectives. To compare the structural changes of the biological prosthesis and autovenes in the long-term period after surgery and to determine the influence of some clinical and laboratory parameters on this process.Materials and methods. The study included 45 patients with isolated occlusion of the superficial femoral artery (PBA), who underwent blood flow restoration using various types of prostheses. The patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (main) – 25 patients who underwent femoral-popliteal proximal bypass surgery with epoxy-treated bioprostheses from the bovine internal mammary artery; group 2 (control) – 20 patients who underwent femoral-popliteal proximal bypass surgery with a reversed autovena.Results and discussion. During the follow – up period from 1 year to 8 years, 28% of bioprostheses underwent expansion, and 20.0% of patients with autovena showed narrowing of the shunt. In the main group, males had better biological graft patency (RR = 0.76 CI (0.3 2; 1.77)), but in the control group, the male sex increased the risk of occlusion (RR = 1.25 CI (0.18; 8.77)). When followed up for 5 years, the relative risk of prosthetic expansion decreased. At the same time, in patients of the control group, which is not characterized by ectasia, we revealed a decrease in the relative risk of stenosis. The clinical factor affecting the expansion of the biological prosthesis was type 2 diabetes mellitus.Conclusions. The characteristic structural changes in the separated period (more than a year) for an autovenous conduit are narrowing, and for a biological prosthesis – expansion with the formation of aneurysms.
Gospodarka odpadami Odpady medyczne
Authors: Wieczorek Anna , Siekierski Maciej 
Published: May 2022

Artykuł jest kolejnym z serii artykułów poświęconych gospodarce odpadami autorstwa A. Wieczorek i M. Siekierskiego. Przyczynkiem do jego napisania stała się pandemia COVID-19. Autorzy zwracają uwagę na jedną z jej licznych negatywnych konsekwencji, o której jak do tej pory się nie mówi – zwiększenie ilość odpadów, w tym odpadów medycznych, w stosunku do stanu z 2019 r. Celem artykułu jest: przekazanie podstawowych informacji o odpadach medycznych; zasugerowanie zmian prawa, które usprawniłyby gospodarowanie tymi odpadami, w szczególności zwiększyły możliwości odzysku energii; apel, aby produkty lecznicze i wyroby medyczne generowały jak najmniejszą ilość odpadów. Im mniej odpadów tym lepiej dla środowiska, a tym samym zdrowia ludzi. Zmniejszanie ilości odpadów medycznych to wyzwanie dla szeroko rozumianego świata medycznego, przede wszystkim dla twórców i producentów produktów leczniczych. W pracach nad tymi produktami z oczywistych względów liczy się przede wszystkim to, czy są skuteczne w leczeniu danej choroby lub jej zapobieganiu. Autorzy niniejszego artykułu nie mają zamiaru tego negować. Uważają jednak, że wskazane byłoby branie pod uwagę również ilości i rodzaju odpadów, które dany produkt leczniczy generuje. Nie jest zamiarem autorów lobbowanie za jakąkolwiek metodą przetwarzania odpadów. Słowa kluczowe: odpady medyczne, produkty lecznicze, odpady, gospodarka odpadami, termiczne przekształcanie odpadów, pandemia COVID-19
Samorząd terytorialny a „strefy wolne od LGBT”
Authors: Wieczorek Anna 
Published: May 2022

Kilkadziesiąt samorządów terytorialnych – rad gmin i powiatów oraz sejmików województw podjęło uchwały i deklaracje w sprawie sprzeciwu wobec ideologii LGBT. Twórcy tych dokumentów podkreślali chęć ochrony rodziny opartej na tradycyjnych wartościach oraz obronę systemu oświaty przed propagandą/ideologią LGBT. Przeciwnicy ostrzegali przed stygmatyzacją osób nieheteronormatywnych. Wytyczną dla powyższych dokumentów stała się upubliczniona w 2019 r. „Samorządowa Karta Praw Rodzin”. Przy wjazdach na tereny zarządzane przez samorządy, które przyjęły takie deklaracje czy uchwały, pojawiły się tabliczki z napisem „Strefa wolna od LGBT”. Spór zaczął zataczać coraz szersze kręgi, włączyły się media, sądy, prokuratura, Rzecznik Praw Obywatelskich, Parlament Europejski i Komisja Europejska. Autor artykułu nie opowiada się po żadnej z polemizujących stron. Uważa jedynie, że niepotrzebne kłótnie szkodzą naszemu krajowi. Dla wykazania absurdalności sporu o „strefy wolne od LGBT”, w artykule odniesiono się do: wybranych dokumentów dotyczących samorządu terytorialnego (deklaracje, uchwała, wyrok sądu) oraz „Samorządowej Karty Praw Rodzin” (załącznik 1, 2, 3 i 4); powszechnie obowiązujących aktów prawa odnoszących się do zadań własnych samorządu terytorialnego, rodziny oraz oświaty; biografii osób (np. pisarzy), które zapisały się pozytywnie w historii Polski i świata, mimo pogmatwanego życia rodzinnego. Dobór analizowanych danych można uznać za subiektywny. Autor wybrał dokumenty samorządów Małopolski i Beskidów, bo zarządzane przez nie tereny uważa za bardzo atrakcyjne dla turystów – lubi spędzać wakacje w Krakowie, Zakopanem oraz Beskidzie Śląskim i Żywieckim, np. w Koniakowie i Żywcu. Wykaz lektur dla szkół ponadpodstawowych, przyjęty przez Ministra Edukacji Narodowej, zadecydował o doborze biografii pisarzy. O wyborze pozostałych osób przesądziła niezwykłość ich życiorysów oraz wpływ na historię Polski i świata. Kończąc pracę nad artykułem w marcu 2022 r. autor świadomie wprowadził wątek Ukrainy. Słowa kluczowe: LGBT, „Strefa wolna od LGBT”
Extracting Multiple Worries From Breast Cancer Patient Blogs Using Multilabel Classification With the Natural Language Processing Model Bidirectional Encoder Representations From Transformers: Infodemiology Study of Blogs
Authors: Watanabe Tomomi , Yada Shuntaro , Aramaki Eiji , Yajima Hiroshi , Kizaki Hayato , Hori Satoko 
Published: May 2022

Background
Patients with breast cancer have a variety of worries and need multifaceted information support. Their accumulated posts on social media contain rich descriptions of their daily worries concerning issues such as treatment, family, and finances. It is important to identify these issues to help patients with breast cancer to resolve their worries and obtain reliable information.

Objective
This study aimed to extract and classify multiple worries from text generated by patients with breast cancer using Bidirectional Encoder Representations From Transformers (BERT), a context-aware natural language processing model.

Methods
A total of 2272 blog posts by patients with breast cancer in Japan were collected. Five worry labels, “treatment,” “physical,” “psychological,” “work/financial,” and “family/friends,” were defined and assigned to each post. Multiple labels were allowed. To assess the label criteria, 50 blog posts were randomly selected and annotated by two researchers with medical knowledge. After the interannotator agreement had been assessed by means of Cohen kappa, one researcher annotated all the blogs. A multilabel classifier that simultaneously predicts five worries in a text was developed using BERT. This classifier was fine-tuned by using the posts as input and adding a classification layer to the pretrained BERT. The performance was evaluated for precision using the average of 5-fold cross-validation results.

Results
Among the blog posts, 477 included “treatment,” 1138 included “physical,” 673 included “psychological,” 312 included “work/financial,” and 283 included “family/friends.” The interannotator agreement values were 0.67 for “treatment,” 0.76 for “physical,” 0.56 for “psychological,” 0.73 for “work/financial,” and 0.73 for “family/friends,” indicating a high degree of agreement. Among all blog posts, 544 contained no label, 892 contained one label, and 836 contained multiple labels. It was found that the worries varied from user to user, and the worries posted by the same user changed over time. The model performed well, though prediction performance differed for each label. The values of precision were 0.59 for “treatment,” 0.82 for “physical,” 0.64 for “psychological,” 0.67 for “work/financial,” and 0.58 for “family/friends.” The higher the interannotator agreement and the greater the number of posts, the higher the precision tended to be.

Conclusions
This study showed that the BERT model can extract multiple worries from text generated from patients with breast cancer. This is the first application of a multilabel classifier using the BERT model to extract multiple worries from patient-generated text. The results will be helpful to identify breast cancer patients’ worries and give them timely social support.
Medicare Bundled Payment Policy on Anemia Care, Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events, and Mortality among Adults Undergoing Hemodialysis
Authors: Park Haesuk , Desai Raj , Liu Xinyue , Smith Steven M. , Hincapie-Castillo Juan , Henry Linda , Goodin Amie , Gopal Saraswathi , Pepine Carl J. , Mohandas Raj 
Published: May 2022

Background and objectives
In 2011, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services implemented bundling of all services for patients receiving dialysis, including erythropoietin-stimulating agents use, and the Food and Drug Administration recommended conservative erythropoietin-stimulating agent dosing.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
This retrospective cohort study investigated anemia care and clinical outcomes before and after the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services bundled payment and the revised Food and Drug Administration–recommended erythropoietin-stimulating agent labeling for Medicare-insured adults receiving hemodialysis using data from the United States Renal Data System from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2016. Clinical outcomes included major adverse cardiovascular event (stroke, acute myocardial infarction, and all-cause mortality), cardiovascular mortality, and heart failure. Measurements were compared between prepolicy (2006–2010) and postpolicy (2012–2016) implementation using interrupted time series and Cox proportional hazards regression models.

Results
Of 481,564 patients, erythropoietin-stimulating agent use immediately decreased by 84.8 per 1000 persons (P<0.001), with a significant decrease in the slope of the trend line (both P=0.001). Blood transfusion use rapidly increased by 8.34 per 1000 persons in April 2012 and then gradually decreased (both P=0.001). The percentage of patients with hemoglobin >11 g/dl decreased from 68% in January 2006 to 28% in December 2016, whereas those with hemoglobin <9 g/dl increased from 5% to 9%. Overall major adverse cardiovascular event (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.95; 95% confidence interval, 0.94 to 0.96), stroke (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.83; 95% confidence interval, 0.80 to 0.86), all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.87; 95% confidence interval, 0.86 to 0.89), cardiovascular mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.81; 95% confidence interval, 0.79 to 0.83), and heart failure (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.86; 95% confidence interval, 0.84 to 0.88) risks were lower. Acute myocardial infarction risk (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.04; 95% confidence interval, 1.01 to 1.06) was higher after policies changed.

Conclusions
The Medicare reimbursement policy and Food and Drug Administration–recommended erythropoietin-stimulating agent dosing changes were associated with lower erythropoietin-stimulating agent use and lower hemoglobin levels. These changes in anemia care were associated with lower risks of major adverse cardiovascular event, stroke, mortality, and heart failure but higher risk of acute myocardial infarction among adults receiving hemodialysis.
Planeación democrática territorial y urbana en México. Un análisis a los planes nacionales de desarrollo, 1983-2019
Authors: Rodríguez Calzadíaz David Arturo , Bass Zavala Sonia 
Published: May 2022

Objetivo: estudiar la implementación del ordenamiento territorial y del desarrollo urbano en el marco del Sistema Nacional de Planeación Democrática en los planes nacionales de desarrollo mexicanos. Metodología: revisión hermenéutica de dichos planes con la referencia del marco teórico de la planeación democrática. Resultados: se observan tres periodos de incorporación de la planeación democrática con implementaciones insuficientes en todos los casos. Limitaciones: el análisis solo considera los planes, no su aplicación efectiva. Valor: se estudian la intersección y la transformación del tema territorial y urbano, en la planeación democrática a través de siete planes sucesivos. Conclusiones: la implementación tiene limitaciones y se requiere una mayor institucionalización de la planeación democrática.
Needle stick injury among the dental students in the Qassim University, KSA: It’s Prevalence, student’s Knowledge and attitude
Authors: Eltahir Manal Abdalla , Almutauiry Huda Salman 
Published: May 2022

Needle stick injuries (NSI) are the commonest route by which blood borne viruses and/or infections such as HIV, Hepatitis B and C are transmitted from patients to health care workers (HCW) dental students are also at risk of such infections and injuries due to accidental contamination during their practical occupational exposure. There is hardly any information regarding the knowledge and experiences of NSI among dental students in Saudi Arabia
Aim: To assess the knowledge, attitude, and prevalence of NSIs among dental students in Qassim university.
Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study.
Setting: dental clinics of Qassim University. The population included undergraduate students (3rd ,4th,5th year) and intern’s dentists/College of Dentistry /Qassim University.
Result: In the present study. A total number of 98 student participated 56.1% were female and 43.9% were male. A total of 27.6% participants had an NSI during their clinical training. Also, 83% of the students considered hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV to be transmitted by NSIs.
Conclusion: Although the level of knowledge on the risk of cross-infection from NSI was high, there was decreased awareness on the means of prevention and protocol.
Keywords: NSI, Awareness, cross infection, prevalence, hazard.
Drug Prescription Pattern in a Primary Care Clinic, Southwest, Nigeria
Authors: Ilori Temitope , Odeyinka Oladipo 
Published: May 2022

Background: Rational drug use is of the utmost importance in a region such as West Africa, where the prevalence of drug resistance is increasing due to inappropriate use of medications.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the pattern of prescription drug use at the General Outpatient Clinic of the University College Hospital, Ibadan. This study also assessed the knowledge and attitude toward rational drug use among prescribing physicians in the Clinic.
Design: The study was a retrospective cross-sectional review of patients' records over three years. The medical records were selected by systematic random sampling and subjected to the WHO core drug use indicators. Prescribers at the study site had their knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of rational drug use assessed with a self-administered questionnaire.
Results: A total of 795 medical records were analyzed for drug use indicators. The mean number of drugs per encounter was 2.64 ±1.23. The percentage of encounters in which an antibiotic was prescribed was 20.4%, while 71.6% of all drugs prescribed were in the generic form. From the KAP survey, 64% of physicians routinely prescribed both generic and brand names, and 68% admitted they needed further education on rational drug use.
Conclusion: Using the WHO core drug use indicators, this study identified some degree of polypharmacy and poor adherence to the generic prescription of drugs. Continuing Medical Education for health workers is encouraged to stem the irrational prescription of medications in the African sub-region.
Keywords: Prescription Drugs Use, Rational Use of Medicines, Physician's knowledge, Nigeria
Comparative study of Qurs-e-kafoor and Sharbat-e-bazoori motadil with Norfloxacin in the treatment of Urinary tract infection
Authors: Akhtar Shahnawaz , Siddiqui M.M.H. , Siddiqui M.Y. 
Published: May 2022

Urinary tract infection occurs predominately in females, especially during child bearing age characterized by both microbial colonization of the urine and tissue invasion of any structure of the urinary tract, most commonly caused by Gram –ve bacteria i.e. E.coli, predisposed by various conditions like presence of foreign bodies e.g. calculi or catheter in the urinary tract, obstructive lesions in the urinary tract, pregnancy etc. This comparative study was carried out on 20 patients in each group A&B of either sex between 20-60 years. Qurs-e-kafoor and Sharbat-e-bazoori motadil were used in group A for 15 days and Norfloxacin 400mg in group B for 7 days. Promising results of Unani formulations Qurs-e-kafoor and Sharbat-e-bazoori motadil were found in relieving the symptoms after 15 days of treatment.
Keywords: Urinary tract infection, Tadiya majra-e-baul, Qurs-e-kafoor, Sharbat-e-bazoori motadil, Norfloxacin.