bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A distinctive cytomorphological feature of interstitial pneumonia–related lung adenocarcinoma: The potential issues and solutions in practical diagnosis
Authors: Sugiyama Misaki , Matsumura Mai , Sekiya Motoki , Honda Emi , Sekine Akimasa , Arai Hiromasa , Okudela Koji 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe cytological features of interstitial pneumonia (IP)–related lung adenocarcinoma (LADC) have not been clearly described. This study aimed to describe its cytomorphological features, uncover potential problems in practical cytological diagnosis, and provide possible solutions.MethodsBronchial brushing cytology samples from 40 IP‐related LADC cases (the IP group) and 110 control cases (LADC unrelated to IP; the non‐IP group) were analyzed. All patients underwent surgery after brushing cytology, and their histopathological subtypes were determined. The authors reviewed the cytological features and focused particularly on cytoplasmic mucin production.ResultsIn the IP group, neoplastic cells with cytoplasmic mucin were detected at a significantly higher frequency (44.4% [8 of 18] vs. 6.3% [4 of 64]), and most of them were invasive mucinous adenocarcinomas (IMAs). Twenty‐two of the 40 LADC cases in the IP group failed to be judged as “malignant/positive” (thus, they were judged to be “equivocal and/or negative”). The frequency of equivocal and/or negative judgments was 55.0% (22 of 40) in the IP group and 41.8% (46 of 110) in the non‐IP group. The cytological diagnosis of IMA was difficult because it showed only slight nuclear atypia. Therefore, the authors examined the immunocytochemical expression of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α), a diagnostic marker for IMA. As a result, four of the six cases that were judged to be equivocal in the IP group showed positive signals and could be retrospectively judged as malignant/positive.ConclusionsThe cytological diagnosis of IP‐related LADC may be more difficult because of the larger proportion of IMA. Immunocytochemistry for HNF4α can be used to improve diagnostic confidence in IP‐related LADC.
Ecohydrological separation in a pair catchments covered with natural grassland and planted forestland on the Chinese Loess Plateau: Evidence from a one‐year stable isotope observation
Authors: Liu Jinzhao , Jiang Chong , Guo Li , Hu Jing 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPlantation and natural restoration has been practised on the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP). However, how vegetation restorations affect ecohydrological processes remains unclear. Here, we investigated δ18O and δ2H values in rainwater/snow, soil mobile and less‐mobile water, and root/stem and leaf water under different vegetation covers in two neighbouring catchments (non‐woods from DZG‐Grassland, trees and understory from YJG‐Forestland) over 1‐year period. Soil mobile and less‐mobile water showed significantly distinct δ18O and δ2H values across months, but isotopic offsets between plant stems/roots and soil mobile and less‐mobile water (Δ18OM and Δ18OLM or Δ2HM and Δ2HLM) were consistent across vegetation types. These results supported ecohydrological separation, with a dynamic exchange between soil mobile and less‐mobile water on the CLP. The widespread isotopic offsets existed in the contrasted catchments, challenging the prior assumption of no isotope fractionation during root water uptake in the most terrestrial plants. Difference in leaf water isotopes was non‐significant across vegetation types, indicating that leaf water transpiration varied less significantly with vegetation types. Comparisons of the isotopic ecohydrology between forestland and grassland will help elucidate the hydrological cycle on the CLP.
A study on the IOS application “uHear” as a screening tool for hearing loss in Bangkok
Authors: Bunnag Kanokrat , Kaewsalubsri Wikallaya , Junthong Sirinan , Kulthaveesup Anan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study was designed to compare the results of hearing tests performed using the uHear application with those of standard audiometry in Thai people in Bangkok.MethodsFrom December 2018 to November 2019, a prospective observational study was conducted involving Thai participants aged between 18 and 80 years. All participants were tested using standard audiometry and the uHear application in a soundproof booth and in a typical hearing environment.ResultsThis study included 52 participants (12 males and 40 females). The Bland–Altman plot with the Minimal Clinical Meaningful Difference of 10 dB between standard audiometry and the uHear in a soundproof booth found agreement at 2000 Hz. The uHear in a soundproof booth showed high sensitivity at all frequencies (82.5%–98.9%) and high specificity at 500 and 1000 Hz (85.7%–100%). uHear in a typical hearing environment showed high sensitivity at 4000 and 6000 Hz (97.6%) and high specificity at 500 and 1000 Hz (100%). When considering the pure‐tone average, uHear in a soundproof booth showed high sensitivity (94.7%) and specificity (90.7%), whereas, in a typical hearing environment, uHear showed poor sensitivity (34%) and high specificity (100%).ConclusionuHear was accurate for hearing loss screening at 2000 Hz in a soundproof booth. However, uHear in a typical hearing environment lacked accuracy. The uHear application in a soundproof booth can be used to screen hearing loss in some situations where standard audiometry is impossible.Level of EvidenceII.
Open‐labelled study to monitor the effect of an amino acid formula on symptom management in children with spinal muscular atrophy type I: The SMAAF pilot study
Authors: O'Connor Graeme , Edel Lisa , Raquq Sarah , Bowerman Melissa , Szmurlo Agnieszka , Simpson Zoe , Hardy Isobel , Fewtrell Mary , Baranello Giovanni 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundAn increasing number of families with children who have spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) are incorporating a special amino acid diet into their child's feeding regimens. Characteristics of the diet include high‐carbohydrate and low‐fat content with added probiotics. However, because of insufficient evidenced‐based research, clinicians are unable to prescribe or endorse this diet. Our aim was to assess the tolerability of an adapted version of the traditional amino acid diet in children with SMA type I.MethodsChildren with SMA type I were recruited if they were enterally fed and experienced at least one gastrointestinal symptom (reflux, vomiting, constipation, and/or diarrhea). Children were transitioned to an amino acid formula (Neocate Syneo‐Nutricia) for 8 weeks. Feeding tolerance was measured weekly by telephone consultation to monitor reflux, vomiting, stool consistency, and frequency.ResultsFourteen children were recruited, the mean age was 4.1 years (±1.2 SD), and 64% of participants were female. The mean resting energy expenditure determined by indirect calorimetry was 51.5 kcal/kg (±7 SD). The most common gastrointestinal complaint before switching to the amino acid formula was constipation, which was reported in 12 of 14 (85%) patients, of which 10 of the 12 (83%) children required daily stool softeners/laxatives to help regulate bowel function. After 8 weeks on the amino acid formula, 10 out of 12 (83%) children stopped or reduced constipation medication.ConclusionChildren with SMA type I who display gastrointestinal symptoms such as constipation and reflux may benefit from an amino acid formula that is fortified with probiotics.
Investigation of the effects of nanoparticle reinforcement on the mechanical properties of woven composites
Authors: Ergün Raşit Koray , Adin Hamit 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNanoparticles are used in many areas related to composite materials. Recently, the importance of nanoparticle‐reinforced materials in advanced technology has been gradually increasing. In this study, epoxy reinforced with various nanoparticles, and neat epoxy were used to produce woven composites. The fatigue behaviors of woven composites reinforced with various nanoparticles under tension‐compression fatigue loads were investigated. The tensile and fatigue strengths of woven composites enhanced with nanoparticles were compared with woven composites without nanoparticles. Tensile tests showed that the woven composites reinforced with nanoparticles were damaged at high loads. Fatigue tests revealed that the woven composites reinforced with nanoparticles exhibited high cycle numbers. Adding 0.5%, 1%, and %3 nano‐CuO to epoxy increased the cycle numbers of the woven composites by 25%, 67%, and 75% respectively at 60% load level. The failure mechanisms of woven type composite materials were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Fiber fractures and delamination damages of samples were observed.
Self‐Assembly of Magnetic Nanochains in an Intrinsic Magnetic Dipole Force‐Dominated Regime
Authors: Chen Yulan , El‐Ghazaly Amal 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMagnetic nanoparticle chains offer the anisotropic magnetic properties that are often desirable for micro‐ and nanoscale systems; however, to date, large‐scale fabrication of these nanochains is limited by the need for an external magnetic field during the synthesis. In this work, the unique self‐assembly of nanoparticles into chains as a result of their intrinsic dipolar interactions only is examined. In particular, it is shown that in a high concentration reaction regime, the dipole–dipole coupling between two neighboring magnetic iron cobalt (FeCo) nanocubes, was significantly strengthened due to small separation between particles and their high magnetic moments. This dipole–dipole interaction enables the independent alignment and synthesis of magnetic FeCo nanochains without the assistance of any templates, surfactants, or even external magnetic field. Furthermore, the precursor concentration ([M] = 0.016, 0.021, 0.032, 0.048, 0.064, and 0.096 m) that dictates the degree of dipole interaction is examined—a property dependent on particle size and inter‐particle distance. By varying the spinner speed, it is demonstrated that the balance between magnetic dipole coupling and fluid dynamics can be used to understand the self‐assembly process and control the final structural topology from that of dimers to linear chains (with aspect ratio >10:1) and even to branched networks. Simulations unveil the magnetic and fluid force landscapes that determine the individual nanoparticle interactions and provide a general insight into predicting the resulting nanochain morphology. This work uncovers the enormous potential of an intrinsic magnetic dipole‐induced assembly, which is expected to open new doors for efficient fabrication of 1D magnetic materials, and the potential for more complex assemblies with further studies.
NIR Responsive Doxorubicin‐Loaded Hollow Copper Ferrite @ Polydopamine for Synergistic Chemodynamic/Photothermal/Chemo‐Therapy
Authors: Chu Xiao , Zhang Liufang , Li Yiling , He Yue , Zhang Yu , Du Chang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOsteosarcoma (OS) is the most serious bone malignancy, and the survival rate has not significantly improved in the past 40 years. Thus, it is urgent to develop a new strategy for OS treatment. Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) as a novel therapeutic method can destroy cancer cells by converting endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into highly toxic hydroxyl radicals (·OH). However, the therapeutic efficacy of CDT is severely limited by the low catalytic efficiency and overexpressed glutathione (GSH). Herein, an excellent nanocatalytic platform is constructed via a simple solvothermal method using F127 as a soft template to form the hollow copper ferrite (HCF) nanoparticle, followed by the coating of polydopamine on the surface and the loading of doxorubicin (DOX). The Fe3+ and Cu2+ released from HCF@polydopamine (HCFP) can deplete GSH through the redox reactions, and then trigger the H2O2 to generate ·OH by Fenton/Fenton‐like reaction, resulting in enhanced CDT efficacy. Impressively, the photothermal effect of HCFP can further enhance the efficiency of CDT and accelerate the release of DOX. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments reveal that the synergistic chemodynamic/photothermal/chemo‐therapy exhibits a significantly enhanced anti‐OS effect. This work provides a promising strategy for OS treatment.
Psychological impact of simple scoring system for predicting early pregnancy outcome in pregnancy of uncertain viability: randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lawson K. , Bourne T. , Bottomley C. 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo investigate whether psychological wellbeing of women with an intrauterine pregnancy of uncertain viability can be modified during the waiting period to final diagnosis, by offering predictive information regarding the likely outcome of the pregnancy (chance of ongoing viability).MethodsThis was a single‐center two‐arm randomized controlled trial conducted over 18 months at a teaching hospital in London, UK. Consecutive eligible women attending the early pregnancy assessment unit with an interim ultrasound finding of intrauterine pregnancy of uncertain viability were recruited. All women were offered a follow‐up ultrasound scan after 14 days. Participants were randomized to receive a prediction score for ongoing viability at 14 days or routine care (control). Anxiety, depression and worry symptoms were assessed using validated self‐report questionnaires (hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), Penn state worry questionnaire (PSWQ)) prior to randomization and at two further timepoints during the waiting period preceding final diagnosis. The change in psychological scores over the study period was analyzed. The secondary outcome was the perceived value of the risk prediction tool reported by participants.ResultsA total of 278 women participated in this study. After adjusting for baseline scores, no difference in anxiety, depression or worry scores was demonstrated between control and intervention groups at either timepoint. Subgroup analysis, first of women with high initial anxiety (HADS > 11) or worry (PSWQ ≥ 45), and second of women with a more favorable predicted prognosis (≥ 75% chance of ongoing viability), demonstrated no difference between intervention and control groups. Despite this, 76/110 (69.1% (95% CI, 60.5–78.4%)) women who provided feedback in the intervention group found it to be helpful and 97/110 (88.2% (95% CI, 81.0–93.7%)) reported that they would use the tool again.ConclusionCurrent prediction tools may be useful for healthcare professionals to guide management and optimize utilization of early pregnancy resources. However, in this study, implementation of an accurate tool did not result in an objective measurable benefit to patients in terms of reduction in anxiety, depression and worry symptoms experienced during the waiting period to final outcome compared with women who did not receive a prediction score. © 2022 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Fazit und Ausblick
Authors: Schumacher Mareike K. 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungIm letzten Kapitel dieses Buches werden die drei Haupterrungenschaften dieser Forschungsarbeit zusammengefasst. Es wurde ein fuzzy-set-Modell für literarische Raumdarstellungen eingeführt, das auf einem sechs Kategorien umfassenden System beruht und dynamisch angepasst werden kann. Auf Basis dieses Modells wurde ein Machine-Learning-Classifier trainiert, der Indikatoren narrativer Raumdarstellung automatisch annotieren kann. Schließlich wurde noch eine Formel entwickelt, um literarische Raumdarstellung auf einen Wert zu bringen und sie somit mess- und vergleichbar zu machen. Alle drei Teilergebnisse werden hier in ihrer Relevanz und Anschlussfähigkeit an (digitale) Literaturwissenschaften beschrieben.
Revised FDI criteria for evaluating direct and indirect dental restorations—recommendations for its clinical use, interpretation, and reporting
Authors: Hickel Reinhard , Mesinger Sabine , Opdam Niek , Loomans Bas , Frankenberger Roland , Cadenaro Milena , Burgess John , Peschke Arnd , Heintze Siegward D. , Kühnisch Jan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe FDI criteria for the evaluation of direct and indirect dental restorations were first published in 2007 and updated in 2010. Meanwhile, their scientific use increased steadily, but several questions from users justified some clarification and improvement of the living document.Materials and methodsAn expert panel (N = 10) initiated the revision and consensus process that included a kick-off workshop and multiple online meetings by using the Delphi method. During and after each round of discussion, all opinions were collected, and the aggregated summary was presented to the experts aiming to adjust the wording of the criteria as precisely as possible. Finally, the expert panel agreed on the revision.ResultsSome categories were redefined, ambiguities were cleared, and the descriptions of all scores were harmonized to cross-link different clinical situations with possible management strategies: reviewing/monitoring (score 1–4), refurbishment/reseal (score 3), repair (score 4), and replacement (score 5). Functional properties (domain F: fracture of material and retention, marginal adaptation, proximal contact, form and contour, occlusion and wear) were now placed at the beginning followed by biological (domain B: caries at restoration margin, hard tissue defects, postoperative hypersensitivity) and aesthetic characteristics (domain A: surface luster and texture, marginal staining, color match).ConclusionThe most frequently used eleven categories of the FDI criteria set were revised for better understanding and handling.Clinical relevanceThe improved description and structuring of the criteria may help to standardize the evaluation of direct and indirect restorations and may enhance their acceptance by researchers, teachers, and dental practitioners.
Optical Ammonia-Sensing Probe Based on Surface-Plasmon Resonance of Silver-Nanoparticle-Decorated Superparamagnetic Dendritic Nanoparticles
Authors: Abdelaziz Omar A. , Abdallah Rawan M. , Khater Rawya A. , Abo Dena Ahmed S. , El-Sherbiny Ibrahim M. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Ammonia is a serious contaminant of aquaculture water due to its continuous release into the water environment during the biological processes of aquatic animals. Ammonia accumulation in water has negative environmental impacts, including eutrophication and the death of aquatic organisms. Therefore, sensitive and accurate determination of ammonia is an urgent need, especially in pisciculture systems. Here, we report the fabrication of a novel magnetic–hyperbranched nanomaterial-based ammonia-sensing probe for the fast and sensitive determination of ammonia in water. The proposed probe is composed of poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM)-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) decorated with silver nanoparticles. Changing the ammonia concentration is associated with a corresponding change in the surface plasmon resonance property of silver nanoparticles. The proposed nanosystem was characterized with FTIR spectroscopy, SEM imaging, energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, TEM imaging, X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The TEM images showed a homogenous and uniform distribution of the nanoparticles with an average nanoparticle size of 200 nm, while the surface silver nanoparticles have an average particle size of 10–50 nm. The proposed optical ammonia sensor was successfully used to determine the concentration of ammonia in water samples by measuring the change in the solution absorbance at 428 nm. The obtained results revealed high recovery values (96.3–104.7%) and very low detection (LOD = 5.69 mg/L) and quantification (LOQ = 18.96 mg/L) limits. The standard plot is linear in the concentration range of 10–50 mg/L with an r2 value of 0.9980. Sandell’s sensitivity of the most promising sensor (NP-III) among the investigated systems was found to be 0.15 µg/cm2, which indicates high sensitivity.
Tumor P70S6K hyperactivation is inversely associated with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Jimeno Rebeca , Mouron Silvana , Salgado Roberto , Loi Sherene , Pérez-Mies Belén , Sánchez-Bayona Rodrigo , Manso Luis , Martínez Mario , Garrido-García Ana , Serrano-Pardo Rosario , Colomer Ramón , Quintela-Fandino Miguel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by large heterogeneity and relative lack of available targeted therapies. To find therapeutic strategies for distinct patients with TNBC, several approaches have been used for TNBC clustering, including recently immune and phosphoproteomic patterns. Based on 70-kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase (P70S6K)-TNBC clustering, the current study explores the immune profiling in TNBC tumors.

Methods
Stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (sTILs) were evaluated in human TNBC tumor samples. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry staining for CD8, CD4, Foxp3, and CD20 was performed in tissue microarrays (TMA) sections.

Results
Histological analysis showed decreased sTILs, CD20+ cells, and CD8+/CD4+ ratio in high phosphorylated P70S6K (p-P70S6K) tumors. Moreover, p-P70S6K score was directly correlated with CD4+ and Foxp3+ T cells, while it was inversely correlated with CD8+/CD4+ and CD8+/Foxp3+ ratios.

Conclusion
sTIL infiltration and lymphocyte profiling vary in the context of hyperactivation of P70S6K in TNBC tumors.
Unlocking India’s Potential in Managing Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs): Importance, Challenges, and Opportunities
Authors: Sharma Brij Mohan , Scheringer Martin , Chakraborty Paromita , Bharat Girija K. , Steindal Eirik Hovland , Trasande Leonardo , Nizzetto Luca 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEndocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are a prime concern for the environment and health globally. Research shows that in developing countries such as India both the environment and human populations are severely exposed to EDCs and consequently experience rising incidents of adverse health effects such as diabetes and cancers. In this paper, we discuss the current EDC management approach in India, critically assess its limitations, and describe opportunities for potential improvements. Foremost, current EDC management actions and interventions in India are fragmented and outdated, and far behind the modern and comprehensive approaches adopted in the European Union and other developed countries. Strong and well-planned actions are required on various fronts of science, policy, commerce, and public engagement. These actions include the adoption of a dedicated and modern regulatory framework for managing EDCs, enhancing capacity and infrastructure for EDC monitoring in the environment and human population, employing public–private partnership programs for not only managing EDCs but also in the sectors that indirectly contribute toward the mismanagement of EDCs in the country, and raising awareness on EDCs and promoting health-preserving consumption habits among the public. As India hosts a large proportion of the global human population and biodiversity, the success or failure of its actions will substantially affect the direction of global efforts to manage EDCs and set an example for other developing countries.