bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of mortality in acute ischemic stroke treated with endovascular thrombectomy despite successful reperfusion: subgroup analysis of a multicentre randomised clinical trial
Authors: Li Hao , Huang Jinbo , Ye Shisheng , Chen Hai , Yuan Li , Liao Geng , Du Weijie , Li Chaomao , Fang Ling , Liu Sheng , Yang Pengfei , Zhang Yongwei , Xing Pengfei , Zhang Xiaoxi , Ye Xiaofei , Peng Ya , Cao Jie , Zhang Liyong , Yang Zhi , Liu Jianmin 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesWe sought to determine the predictors of 90-day mortality despite successful reperfusion.DesignSubgroup analysis of a multicentre randomised clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03469206).SettingThis study used data from the Direct Intra-arterial thrombectomy in order to Revascularize AIS patients with large vessel occlusion Efficiently in Chinese Tertiary hospitals: a Multicenter randomized clinical Trial (DIRECT-MT).Participants622 patients enrolled in DIRECT-MT.ResultsOverall successful reperfusion rate was 82.0% (510/622), and 18.5% (115/622) of patients died within 90 days. Univariate analysis identified increased risks of mortality for age ≥70 years, history of diabetes mellitus, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score on admission ≥17, NIHSS score after thrombectomy (24±6 hours) ≥11, Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (ASPECTS) <9, glucose level at hospital arrival ≥130 mg/dL, location of internal carotid artery occlusion, embolisation into a new territory, symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage (ICH) and a decreased risk of mortality for smoking. In multivariable analysis, smoking (OR 0.38; 95% CI 0.17 to 0.83; p=0.015), NIHSS score on admission ≥17 (OR 3.14; 95% CI 1.77 to 5.55; p<0.001), glucose level at hospital arrival ≥130 mg/dL (OR 2.54; 95% CI 1.51 to 4.27; p<0.001), symptomatic ICH (OR 11.70; 95% CI 4.74 to 28.89; p<0.001) and NIHSS score after thrombectomy (24±6 hours) ≥11 (OR 12.04; 95% CI 5.09 to 28.46; p<0.001) were significant independent predictors of 90-day mortality.ConclusionsSymptomatic ICH and high post-thrombectomy NIHSS score are strong predictor of 90-day mortality in acute ischaemic stroke treated with mechanical thrombectomy despite successful reperfusion, as well as high NIHSS score and high glucose level at hospital arrival. However, further studies need to be performed to confirm the association between smoking and mortality.
Risk factors associated with gall bladder cancer in high incidence areas in India: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Dutta Eliza K , Lewis Melissa Glenda , Albert Sandra 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionGall bladder cancer (GBC) is a lethal form of malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract with a unique geographical distribution. Cases are aggregated in the river basins of Ganga-Brahmaputra, in the north, east and north-east India, collectively termed as the ‘high-risk’ zone for GBC. Although some studies report high prevalence of typhoid infection linking with high burden of GBC in these regions, there is no systematic review of the factors associated with GBC in the high incidence areas. To address this gap, we are conducting a systematic review to identify and organise the factors associated with GBC in the high-risk zone of India.Methods and analysisA systematic review of all observational studies that report a quantitative relationship between at least one risk factor for GBC among adults (>18 years) in the high-risk zone in India will be conducted. The databases PubMed-MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, OpenGrey and Google Scholar published in English and after 1990 will be searched. This review will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses recommendations. The primary outcome is GBC. If data permit, meta-analysis will be performed. Two independent reviewers will independently screen the articles, extract the data and assess the methodological quality of the studies.Ethics and disseminationAs this will be a systematic review without human participants’ involvement, there will be no requirement for ethics approval. Findings will be disseminated widely through peer-reviewed publication and media, for example, conferences and symposia.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021256673.
Associating school doctor interventions with the benefit of the health check: an observational study
Authors: Nikander Kirsi , Kosola Silja , Vahlberg Tero , Kaila Minna , Hermanson Elina 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundThe benefits of school doctor interventions conducted at routine general health checks remain insufficiently studied. This study explored the associations of school doctor interventions with the doctor-evaluated and parent-evaluated benefits of routine health checks.MethodsBetween August 2017 and August 2018, we recruited a random sample of 1341 children from grades 1 and 5 from 21 Finnish elementary schools in 4 municipalities. Doctors routinely examined all children, who were accompanied by parents. The doctor-reported interventions were categorised into six groups: instructions and/or significant discussions, prescriptions, laboratory tests and/or medical imaging, scheduling of follow-up appointments, referrals to other professionals and referrals to specialised care. Doctors evaluated the benefit of the appointment using predetermined criteria, and parents provided their subjective perceptions of benefit. Interventions and reported benefit were compared using multilevel logistic regression.ResultsDoctors reported 52% and parents 87% of the appointments with interventions beneficial. All interventions were independently associated with doctor-evaluated benefit (ORs: 1.91–17.26). Receiving any intervention during the appointment was associated with parent-evaluated benefit (OR: 3.25, 95% CI 2.22 to 4.75). In analyses of different interventions, instructions and/or significant discussions (OR: 1.71, 95% CI 1.20 to 2.44), prescriptions (OR: 7.44, 95% CI 2.32 to 23.91) and laboratory tests and/or medical imaging (OR: 3.38, 95% CI 1.34 to 8.55) were associated with parent-evaluated benefit. Scheduled follow-up appointments and referrals to other professionals showed no significant association with parent-evaluated benefit.ConclusionsDoctors and parents valued the appointments with interventions. Parents especially appreciated immediate help and testing from the doctor.Trial registration numberNCT03178331.
Training on a virtual reality cricothyroidotomy simulator improves skills and transfers to a simulated procedure
Authors: Sankaranarayanan Ganesh , Odlozil Coleman A , Hasan Salman S , Shabbir Rehma , Qi Di , Turkseven Melih , De Suvranu , Funk Geoffrey , Weddle Rebecca J 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveThe virtual airway skills trainer (VAST) is a virtual reality simulator for training in cricothyroidotomy (CCT). The goal of the study is to test the effectiveness of training and transfer of skills of the VAST-CCT.MethodsTwo groups, control (no training) and simulation (2 weeks of proficiency-based training), participated in this study. Subjects in the control condition did not receive any training on the task whereas those in the simulation received a proficiency-based training on the task during a period of 2 weeks. Two weeks post-training, both groups performed CCT on the TraumaMan to demonstrate the transfer of skills.ResultsA total of (n=20) subjects participated in the study. The simulation group performed better than the control group at both the post-test (p<0.001) and retention test (p<0.001) on the simulator. The cumulative sum analysis showed that all subjects in the simulation group reached proficiency with acceptable failure rate within the 2 weeks of training. On the transfer test, the simulation group performed better on skin cut (p<0.001), intubation (p<0.001) and total score (p<0.001) than the control group.ConclusionsThe VAST-CCT is effective in training and skills transfer for the CCT procedure.Level of evidenceNot applicable. Simulator validation study.
James Indian, “Answers”: An Indigenous Freedom Suit in Massachusetts Bay
Authors: Shoplik Anthony , Glover Jeffrey 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Around 1670 an enslaved plaintiff called James Indian sued for his freedom in Massachusetts Bay. As his case languished, he found colonists willing to help him. The result of their collaboration, “James Indians answers to his Mr Carrs reasons of appeale,” offered a powerful critique of New England slavery law.
Localizing Pindar’s Pythian 10
Authors: Pavlou Maria 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper seeks to contribute to the discussion of the political ramifications of Pythian 10 by drawing attention to two less studied features of the ode’s mythical narrative: the glossing over of King Polydectes within Perseus’ story, and the attribution of the rare appellation λαγέτας to Perseus. Additionally, it is argued that, as well as targeting a Thessalian audience, the ode sends a powerful political message to the other cities of the Delphic Amphictyony, in which Thessaly held a prominent place at the time.
Imagining the Stars
Authors: Broekhuijsen Klara H. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The Natuurkunde van het Geheelal in Wolfenbüttel, which was made in Utrecht around 1465–1470 is a text about celestial bodies and meteorological and natural phenomena. Most copies of this text are clarified by astronomical drawings and diagrams. The manuscript in Wolfenbüttel, however, also contains miniatures with the personifications of the seven planets and the signs of the zodiac. The author’s aim is to find the source of inspiration for the unusual pictures of the planets in particular, and also for the signs of the zodiac.
Arctic Asylum
Authors: Gammeltoft-Hansen Thomas , Klinge Sune 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This article examines the regulation and rights of refugees and other foreigners in independent, overseas and other not fully sovereign territories. It analyses two Nordic cases, Greenland and Svalbard. Greenland is an autonomous territory within the Kingdom of Denmark, and Svalbard an unincorporated area subject to Norwegian sovereignty through the 1920 Spitsbergen Treaty. Unlike their parent states, both territories remain outside the Schengen Area. As this article highlights, both territories are subject to distinct regulatory frameworks in respect to asylum-seekers and refugees. While the number of asylum-seekers or refugees in each place is so far very limited, the regulatory differences nonetheless raise principled questions both from a rights-based perspective and at the more theoretical level. As this article argues, Greenland and Svalbard both exemplify how international law and late sovereign constructions may themselves provide for an unmooring of asylum and refugee rights within the ordinary statist framework. The effects in each case are multi-directional. On the one hand, the legal frameworks pertaining to these arctic territories provide for significantly more liberal rules in terms of access to asylum and immigration control. On the other hand, these legal bifurcations serve to upend the ordinary Nordic social contract and welfare rights owed to refugees and other aliens.
Connectedness within the Statistics Classroom
Authors: Ryan Valerie M. , Kunicki Zachary J. , Egan-Kunicki Justine N. , Harlow Lisa L. 
Published: March 2022

Background Statistics courses are a necessary component of undergraduate education, but psychology majors often have negative associations with statistics. One way to promote learning within classrooms is to promote classroom connectedness, but few studies have examined classroom connectedness using a social network paradigm. Objective The purpose of this study was to examine the degree of connectivity within the lab component of a statistics course, and test if the networks were associated with psychological constructs related to academic success, specifically, grit and resilience. Method Using descriptive network analysis and exponential random graph models (ERGMs), we examined the level of connectedness in statistics labs and whether or not students were likely to connect with each other based on sharing similar levels of grit and resilience. Results Results suggested an overall low degree of connectivity within each lab. However, in the most well-connected lab, students were more likely to connect with other students who had a dissimilar level of grit, but a similar level of resilience. Conclusion There is high variability between different student networks, although all networks were sparse. Future research could further examine the connection between student connectedness, grit and/or resilience, and how these could connect to student outcomes. Teaching implications fostering classroom connectedness could improve student learning outcomes.
Facilitators and Barriers of Return to Work in Working People with Serious Mental Illness: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Maddineshat Maryam , Cheraghi Fatemeh , Ghaleiha Ali , Khalafbeigi Mitra , Sadeghian Efat 
Published: March 2022

Background: Among working people with serious mental illness (WPSMI), return to work (RTW) is controlled by several factors. Identifying these factors can help prevent long-term sick leave absence and work disability. We aimed to identify facilitators and barriers of RTW in WPSMI admitted to a psychiatric hospital and clinic affiliated with the Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in 2020 on 27 participants with SMI and their families, supervisors, coworkers, managers, and mental health professionals (MHPs). The participants were selected through purposive sampling and subjected to semi-structured interviews. Forty interviews were conducted and analyzed using conventional content analysis. Results: Nine hundred initial codes were extracted and categorized into 34 subcategories and eight categories. Categories that emerged as facilitators of RTW include emotional availability, information availability and use, practical assistance of others, employment facilitation by the society, and supervisor’s flexibility. Categories identified as barriers are imposed effects of mental illness, poor self-concept, and social obstacles. Conclusion: WPSMI experience some facilitators and barriers in RTW. Therefore, MHPs and politicians are recommended to consider these factors in vocational rehabilitation plans.
Effect of different structures fabricated by additive manufacturing on bone ingrowth
Authors: Lu Shunyi , Jiang Dongjie , Liu Shuhao , Liang Haifeng , Lu Junren , Xu Hao , Li Juan , Xiao Jian , Zhang Jian , Fei Qinming 
Published: March 2022

Objective: To study the effects of different structures (solid/hollow) and pore diameters (300/600 μm) on bone ingrowth. Methods: Porous titanium alloy scaffolds (3.2 * 10.5 mm) were printed using electron beam melting. The implants were divided into either Hollow or Solid Group. The upper half of each implant was printed with a pore diameter of 600 μm while the bottom half was printed with a pore diameter of 300 μm. Visualization of the structural morphology was done using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Cell proliferation was evaluated with the cell counting kit-8 assay and live/dead staining assay. The different lateral femoral condyles of 15 New Zealand rabbits were implanted with different groups of scaffolds. The rabbits were randomly sacrificed at the 4th, 8th, and 12th week postoperatively. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone volume fraction (BV/TV) evaluation was completed by quantitative Micro-Computed Tomography (Micro-CT). Tissue histology were stained with toluidine blue to observe bone ingrowth under an optical microscope, and the percentage of new bone area were calculated using Image Pro-Plus 6.0. Results: SEM images showed a significant decrease in residual powder in the hollow implant and cell studies showed no obvious cytotoxicity for the Ti6Al4V scaffolds. Micro-CT reconstruction revealed high levels of new bone formation around the scaffolds. The trabeculae around the implants showed a gradual increase with each week, and new bone filled the scaffold pores gradually. BMD, BV/TV, and tissue histology revealed the 300 μm pore diameter is more conducive to bone ingrowth than the 600 μm ( p < .05). Conclusion: Our study revealed that Ti6Al4V implants with hollow structure could reduce the residual metal powder and implants with 300 μm pore diameter were more effective on bone formation than a 600 μm.
Increases in Muscle-Strengthening Activities Among Latinas in Seamos Saludables
Authors: Benitez Tanya J. , Dunsiger Shira , Marquez Becky , Larsen Britta , Pekmezi Dori , Marcus Bess H. 
Published: March 2022

Background: Only 17% of Latinas meet national physical activity (PA) guidelines for both moderate-to-vigorous aerobic and muscle-strengthening PA. Additional health benefits are derived from the combination of aerobic and muscle-strengthening PA (vs. aerobic alone), yet there is paucity in research on muscle-strengthening activity in Latinas. The aim of this study was to examine changes in muscle-strengthening activity from baseline to 6 and 12 months in Seamos Saludables, a 12-month PA randomized controlled trial for Latinas. Methods: A secondary data analysis was conducted among 131 Latinas ages 18–65 years, who were randomized to either a PA Intervention or a Wellness Control. Self-reported muscle-strengthening exercise was measured at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months via adapted muscle-strengthening questions from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Results: There was a 16-minute/week difference in median minute/week of muscle-strengthening activity between Intervention and Wellness at 6 months ( SE = 7.91, p = .04) and 45-minute/week difference at 12 months ( SE = 25.80, p = .06) adjusting for baseline. Significantly more PA Intervention participants met muscle-strengthening guidelines of 2 or more days/week at 6 months versus Wellness Control participants (odds ratio [OR] = 4.29, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.03, 17.84]). Conclusion: Results from the current study showed that Latinas engaged in muscle-strengthening activity in an intervention that emphasized primarily aerobic PA outcomes, suggesting they may be interested in engaging in muscle-strengthening activities. Future interventions targeting both aerobic and muscle-strengthening activity could achieve greater health improvements and help more Latinas reach the full national PA guidelines. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier. NCT01583140
Double safe suture during cataract surgery on post radial keratotomy patients using clear corneal incisions
Authors: Meduri Alessandro , Oliverio Giovanni , Severo Alice Antonella , Camellin Umberto , Rechichi Miguel , Aragona Pasquale 
Published: March 2022

Purpose the aim of this study is to find a safer surgical approach in cataract surgery on eyes previously treated with radial keratotomy using clear corneal incisions. Setting Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Ophthalmology Clinic, University of Messina, Messina, Italy. Design Prospective study. Methods A prospective study was conducted on a group of 20 patients, 21 eyes with 16 RK incisions were evaluated for cataract phacoemulsification. Samples were divided into two groups: Group 1 underwent surgery with pre-operative one corneal stitch along radial keratotomy incisions near the main access site whereas Group 2 underwent modified surgery with two corneal stitches. Results After surgery, visual acuity, corneal hysteresis and corneal strength was evaluated. In all cases, an increased visual acuity was observed. Group 1 showed an UCVA of logMAR 0.22 ± 0.14, while group 2 presented a logMAR of 0.1 ± 0.07. Data did not show a statistically significant difference in UCVA after surgery between the two groups ( P = 0.133). Instead, a significant difference in corneal hysteresis (CH), respectively with values of 8.65 ± 1.6 mmHg in group 1 and 9.2 ± 1.8 in group 2 ( P = 0.031), and a corneal resistance factor (CRF) with values of 7.87 ± 1.4 mmHg in the first group and 8.65 ± 1.6 mmHg in the second one ( P = 0.039) was observed. Conclusions Double safe suture technique offers better stabilization of corneal structure during surgery in patients preventively treated with 16 incisions RK.
Economic policy uncertainty and international tourist arrivals: A disaggregated analysis of the Croatian Adriatic coast
Authors: Payne James E , Nazlioglu Saban , Mervar Andrea 
Published: March 2022

This is the first study to examine the differential impact of Croatian and European economic policy uncertainty indices while controlling for the real effective exchange rate and industrial production on international tourist arrivals for the seven coastal counties of Croatia and the country as a whole. The Toda-Yamamoto long-run causality modeling approach with a Fourier approximation is employed to capture structural shifts. This approach is particularly useful in light of the disruption from the COVID-19 pandemic on the tourism sector. The results show unidirectional causality from both Croatian and European economic policy uncertainty indices to international tourist arrivals with the impact of the economic policy uncertainty indices negative and statistically significant across the respective coastal counties. Moreover, the findings show that European economic policy uncertainty exhibits a greater adverse impact on international tourist arrivals relative to Croatian economic policy uncertainty. JEL Codes: C30; Z30; Z32; Z38
Cooling Effects Occur in Hepatic Microwave Ablation At Low Vascular Flow Rates and in Close Proximity to Liver Vessels – Ex Vivo
Authors: Poch Franz G. M. , Eminger Katharina J. , Neizert Christina A. , Geyer Beatrice , Rieder Christian , Ballhausen Hanne , Niehues Stefan M. , Vahldiek Janis L. , Lehmann Kai S. 
Published: March 2022

Background. The impact of vascular cooling effects in hepatic microwave ablation (MWA) is controversially discussed. The objective of this study was a systematic assessment of vascular cooling effects in hepatic MWA ex vivo. Methods. Microwave ablations were performed in fresh porcine liver ex vivo with a temperature-controlled MWA generator (902-928 MHz) and a non-cooled 14-G-antenna. Energy input was set to 9.0 kJ. Hepatic vessels were simulated by glass tubes. Three different vessel diameters (3.0, 5.0, 8.0 mm) and vessel to antenna distances (5, 10, 20 mm) were examined. Vessels were perfused with saline solution at nine different flow rates (0-500 mL/min). Vascular cooling effects were assessed at the largest cross-sectional ablation area. A quantitative and semi-quantitative/morphologic analysis was carried out. Results. 228 ablations were performed. Vascular cooling effects were observed at close (5 mm) and medium (10 mm) antenna to vessel distances ( P < .05). Vascular cooling effects occurred around vessels with flow rates ≥1.0 mL/min ( P < .05) and a vessel diameter ≥3 mm ( P < .05). Higher flow rates did not result in more distinct cooling effects ( P > .05). No cooling effects were measured at large (20 mm) antenna to vessel distances ( P > .05). Conclusion. Vascular cooling effects occur in hepatic MWA and should be considered in treatment planning. The vascular cooling effect was mainly affected by antenna to vessel distance. Vessel diameter and vascular flow rate played a minor role in vascular cooling effects.