bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human T lymphocytes at tumor sites
Authors: Notarbartolo Samuele , Abrignani Sergio 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCD4+and CD8+T lymphocytes mediate most of the adaptive immune response against tumors. Naïve T lymphocytes specific for tumor antigens are primed in lymph nodes by dendritic cells. Upon activation, antigen-specific T cells proliferate and differentiate into effector cells that migrate out of peripheral blood into tumor sites in an attempt to eliminate cancer cells. After accomplishing their function, most effector T cells die in the tissue, while a small fraction of antigen-specific T cells persist as long-lived memory cells, circulating between peripheral blood and lymphoid tissues, to generate enhanced immune responses when re-encountering the same antigen. A subset of memory T cells, called resident memory T (TRM) cells, stably resides in non-lymphoid peripheral tissues and may provide rapid immunity independently of T cells recruited from blood. Being adapted to the tissue microenvironment, TRMcells are potentially endowed with the best features to protect against the reemergence of cancer cells. However, when tumors give clinical manifestation, it means that tumor cells have evaded immune surveillance, including that of TRMcells. Here, we review the current knowledge as to how TRMcells are generated during an immune response and then maintained in non-lymphoid tissues. We then focus on what is known about the role of CD4+and CD8+TRMcells in antitumor immunity and their possible contribution to the efficacy of immunotherapy. Finally, we highlight some open questions in the field and discuss how new technologies may help in addressing them.
Biologic principles of minced cartilage implantation: a narrative review
Authors: Ossendorff Robert , Walter Sebastian G. , Schildberg Frank A. , Spang Jeffrey , Obudzinski Sarah , Preiss Stefan , Schneider Stefan , Salzmann Gian M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCartilage tissue has a very limited ability to regenerate. Symptomatic cartilage lesions are currently treated by various cartilage repair techniques. Multiple treatment techniques have been proposed in the last 30 years. Nevertheless, no single technique is accepted as a gold standard. Minced cartilage implantation is a newer technique that has garnered increasing attention. This procedure is attractive because it is autologous, can be performed in a single surgery, and is therefore given it is cost-effective. This narrative review provides an overview of the biological potential of current cartilage regenerative repair techniques with a focus on the translational evidence of minced cartilage implantation.
Correlation between serum IGF-1 and EGF levels and neuropsychiatric and cognitive in Parkinson’s disease patients
Authors: Shi Xiaoxue , Zheng Jinhua , Ma Jianjun , Li Dongsheng , Gu Qi , Chen Siyuan , Wang Zhidong , Sun Wenhua , Li Mingjian 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) exert neuroprotective effects in Parkinson’s disease (PD). To date, studies on the relationships between serum IGF-1 and EGF levels and nonmotor symptoms in PD patients have been rare.

Methods
A Siemens automatic chemical analyzer was used to determine serum IGF-1 levels, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect serum EGF levels in 100 healthy controls and 100 PD patients, including those in the early (n = 49) and middle-late (n = 51) stage of the disease. Evaluation of motor symptoms and nonmotor symptoms in PD patients was assessed by the associated scales.

Results
Serum IGF-1 and EGF levels were higher in PD patients than in healthy controls, and serum IGF-1 and EGF levels were higher in early stage PD patients than in middle-late stage PD patients. Serum IGF-1 levels were significantly negatively correlated with anxiety, depression, and cognitive dysfunction; serum EGF levels were significantly negatively correlated with cognitive dysfunction. Combining IGF-1 and EGF in the diagnosis of PD was more valuable than using a single factor in the diagnosis.

Conclusions
This study shows that serum IGF-1 levels were correlated with the nonmotor symptoms of anxiety, depression, and cognitive dysfunction and that EGF levels were correlated with cognitive dysfunction. The combination of IGF-1 and EGF increased the value for a PD diagnosis. This is the first report of the simultaneous detection of IGF-1 and EGF levels to explore the correlation with nonmotor symptoms of PD.
Assessment of health-related quality of life in individuals with depressive symptoms: validity and responsiveness of the EQ-5D-3L and the SF-6D
Authors: Stolz Maike , Albus Christian , Beutel Manfred E. , Deter Hans-Christian , Fritzsche Kurt , Herrmann-Lingen Christoph , Michal Matthias , Petrowski Katja , Ronel Joram , Schultz Jobst-Hendrik , Söllner Wolfgang , Weber Cora , de Zwaan Martina , Krauth Christian 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The EQ-5D and the SF-6D are examples of commonly used generic preference-based instruments for assessing health-related quality of life (HRQoL). However, their suitability for mental disorders has been repeatedly questioned.

Objective
To assess the responsiveness and convergent validity of the EQ-5D-3L and SF-6D in patients with depressive symptoms.

Methods
The data analyzed were from cardiac patients with depressive symptoms and were collected as part of the SPIRR-CAD (Stepwise Psychotherapy Intervention for Reducing Risk in Coronary Artery Disease) trial. The EQ-5D-3L and SF-6D were compared with the HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) and PHQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnaire) as disease-specific instruments. Convergent validity was assessed using Spearman’s rank correlation. Effect sizes were calculated and ROC analysis was performed to determine responsiveness.

Results
Data from 566 patients were analysed. The SF-6D correlated considerably better with the disease-specific instruments (|rs|= 0.63–0.68) than the EQ-5D-3L (|rs|= 0.51–0.56). The internal responsiveness of the SF-6D was in the upper range of a small effect (ES: − 0.44 and − 0.47), while no effect could be determined for the EQ-5D-3L. Neither the SF-6D nor the EQ-5D-3L showed acceptable external responsiveness for classifying patients’ depressive symptoms as improved or not improved. The ability to detect patients whose condition has deteriorated was only acceptable for the EQ-5D-3L.

Conclusion
Overall, both the convergent validity and responsiveness of the SF-6D are better than those of the EQ-5D-3L in patients with depressive symptoms. The SF-6D appears, therefore, more recommendable for use in studies to evaluate interventions for this population.
Interleukin 18 and IL-18 BP response to Sars-CoV-2 virus infection
Authors: Marino Luca , Criniti Anna , Guida Sofia , Bucci Tommaso , Ballesio Laura , Suppa Marianna , Galardo Gioacchino , Vacca Alessandra , Santulli Maria , Angeloni Antonio , Lubrano Carla , Gandini Orietta 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe immune response to the SARS-CoV-2 infection is crucial to the patient outcome. IL-18 is involved in the lymphocyte response to the disease and it is well established its important role in the complex developing of the host response to viral infection. This study aims at the analysis of the concentrations of IL-18, IL-18BP, INF-γ at the onset of the SARS-CoV-2 infection. The serum levels of measured interleukins were obtained through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Furthermore, the free fraction of IL-18 was numerically evaluated. The enrolled patients were divided in two severity groups according to a threshold value of 300 for the ratio of arterial partial pressure of oxygen and fraction of inspired oxygen fraction and according to the parenchymal involvement as evaluated by computerized tomography at the admittance. In the group of patients with a more severe disease, a significant increase of the IL-18, INF-γ and IL-18BP levels have been observed, whereas the free IL-18 component values were almost constant. The results confirm that, at the onset of the disease, the host response keep the inflammatory cytokines in an equilibrium and support the hypothesis to adopt the IL-18BP modulation as a possible and effective therapeutic approach.
Unpacking collective teacher efficacy in primary schools: student achievement and professional development
Authors: Salas-Rodríguez Fátima , Lara Sonia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLittle is known about how teacher professional development helps enhance collective teacher efficacy so as to improve student performance. The present systematic review addresses two research questions, first by identifying 583 studies that may contribute pertinent information and then by performing in-depth analysis to eliminate those that did not meet our inclusion and quality criteria. After analyzing 18 studies, the results of this review confirm the impact of collective efficacy on student performance and highlight the importance of the role of principals in fostering a culture of trust and collaboration among school administrators and teaching staff.
Atom interferometers and a small-scale test of general relativity
Authors: Myszkowski Mikolaj 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSince the first appearance of general relativity in 1916, various experiments have been conducted to test the theory. Due to the weakness of the interactions involved, all of the documented tests were carried out in a gravitational field generated by objects of an astronomical scale. We propose an idea for an experiment that could detect purely general-relativistic effects in a lab-generated gravitational field. It is shown that a set of dense rapidly-revolving cylinders produce a frame-dragging effect substantial enough to be two orders of magnitude away from the observable range of the next generation of atomic interferometers. The metric tensor due to a uniform rotating axisymmetric body in the weak-field limit is calculated and the phase shift formula for the interferometer is derived. This article is meant to demonstrate feasibility of the concept and stimulate further research into the field of low-scale experiments in general relativity. It is by no means a fully developed experiment proposal.
Painlevé–Gullstrand coordinates versus Kerr spacetime geometry
Authors: Visser Matt , Liberati Stefano 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe discuss the tension between the possible existence of Painlevé–Gullstrand coordinate systemsversusthe explicit geometrical features of the Kerr spacetime; a subject of interest to Professor Thanu Padmanabhan in the weeks immediately preceding his unexpected death. We shall carefully distinguishstrongandweakPainlevé–Gullstrand coordinate systems, andconformalvariants thereof, cataloguing what we know can and cannot be done—sometimes we can makeexplicit globalstatements, sometimes we must resort toimplicit localstatements. For the Kerr spacetime the best that seems to be achievable is to set the lapse function to unity and represent the spatial slices with a 3-metric in factorizedunimodularform; this arises from considering the Doran version of Kerr spacetime in Cartesian coordinates. We finish by exploring the (limited) extent to which this construction might possibly lead to implementing an “analogue spacetime” model suitable for laboratory simulations of the Kerr spacetime.
On a Variational Problem with a Nonstandard Growth Functional and Its Applications to Image Processing
Authors: D’Apice Ciro , Kogut Peter I. , Kupenko Olha P. , Manzo Rosanna 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe propose a new variational model in Sobolev–Orlicz spaces with non-standard growth conditions of the objective functional and discuss its applications to image processing. The characteristic feature of the proposed model is that the variable exponent, which is associated with non-standard growth, is unknown a priori and it depends on a particular function that belongs to the domain of objective functional. So, we deal with a constrained minimization problem that lives in variable Sobolev–Orlicz spaces. In view of this, we discuss the consistency of the proposed model, give the scheme for its regularization, derive the corresponding optimality system, and propose an iterative algorithm for practical implementations.
Multi-armed bandits with censored consumption of resources
Authors: Bengs Viktor , Hüllermeier Eyke 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe consider a resource-aware variant of the classical multi-armed bandit problem: In each round, the learner selects an arm and determines a resource limit. It then observes a corresponding (random) reward, provided the (random) amount of consumed resources remains below the limit. Otherwise, the observation is censored, i.e., no reward is obtained. For this problem setting, we introduce a measure of regret, which incorporates both the actual amount of consumed resources of each learning round and the optimality of realizable rewards as well as the risk of exceeding the allocated resource limit. Thus, to minimize regret, the learner needs to set a resource limit and choose an arm in such a way that the chance to realize a high reward within the predefined resource limit is high, while the resource limit itself should be kept as low as possible. We propose a UCB-inspired online learning algorithm, which we analyze theoretically in terms of its regret upper bound. In a simulation study, we show that our learning algorithm outperforms straightforward extensions of standard multi-armed bandit algorithms.
Rasch analysis of the scores of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale (DERS) in a traffic context
Authors: Pérez-Sánchez Jennifer , Prieto Gerardo , Delgado Ana R. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe functional approach of emotion regulation has been mainly used in the clinical context. However, other fields such as traffic psychology have also adopted this perspective, showing interest in how difficulties in emotion regulation might interfere in driving. Various driving styles have been associated with maladaptive emotion regulation. Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) is the most commonly used instrument to assess ER difficulties and it is often used in the context of driving. Most studies have scored DERS by using procedures of the classical test theory approach instead of advanced psychometrics. In this study, a sample of 318 male drivers aged between 20 and 69 (M age = 41.6 years, SD = 11.0) completed the DERS. The total sample was divided in two halves: drivers with road traffic offences and matched controls. Data analysis was carried out using the Rasch Rating Scale Model (RSM). Results indicated that response categories performed inadequately. Collapsing the 5 original categories into 3 new categories was necessary. To meet the unidimensionality requirement, both the first DERS item and the awareness subscale were removed. Model-data fit was then good enough. Item Separation Reliability (ISR = 0.97) was excellent and Person Separation Reliability (PSR = 0.89) was quite good. Even though requirements of invariant measurement were met, there was low validity evidence for the driving context.
Combinations of Beauveria bassiana and spinetoram for the management of four important stored-product pests: laboratory and field trials
Authors: Wakil Waqas , Kavallieratos Nickolas G. , Nika Erifili P. , Qayyum Mirza Abdul , Yaseen Taha , Ghazanfar Muhammad Usman , Yasin Muhammad 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The current study examines the efficacy of the semi-synthetic insecticide spinetoram and entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo-Crivelli) Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) as wheat protectants against the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae), the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), the granary weevil, Sitophilus granarius (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), and the khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), under laboratory and field trials. One dose of B. bassiana, i.e., 1 × 107 conidia/kg wheat, two doses of spinetoram, i.e., spine1: 0.05 ppm (mg/kg wheat), spine2: 0.1 ppm, and their combinations (Bb + spine1, Bb + spine2) were evaluated at 20, 25, and 30 °C. All treatments provided significantly higher mortality at 30 °C compared with the other two temperatures. Maximum mortality levels were observed in the treatments where B. bassiana was combined with the higher dose of spinetoram (0.1 ppm). All treatments reduced progeny production in comparison with the control groups. Maximum progeny reduction was observed at 30 °C, on wheat treated with the Bb + spine2 combination. The combination Bb + spine2 also provided elevated mortality rates in both laboratory and field persistence trials, but at 180 days caused moderate mortality to all tested insect species. Concerning progeny, at laboratory persistence trials, the combination Bb + spine2 exhibited the lowest offspring emergence to all tested species compared to the other treatments and control. Overall, our study showed that R. dominica was the most susceptible species followed by S. granarius, T. castaneum, and T. granarium. Our findings revealed that the combination of B. bassiana and spinetoram may be a useful tool for efficient and advanced integrated pest management strategies for long storage periods under multiple temperatures.
Experimental study on the single basin solar still integrated with shell and spiral finned tube latent heat storage system enhanced by copper oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Shalaby Saleh , Kabeel Abd Elnaby , Moharram Bahaa Eddin , Shama Areeg , Abosheiasha Hatem Abosheiasha 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this work, a latent heat storage system was designed, installed, and tested when it was integrated with a single basin solar still. The latent heat storage system is a shell and spiral finned tubes, where 20 kg of a paraffin-CuO nanocomposite with a weight fraction concentration of 1% was poured into the shell while hot water from the solar collector was being pumped through the spiral finned tubes. In order to identify the effect of implementing the storage system on the performance of the solar still, two experiments were conducted, with and without storage, under approximatelysimilar weather conditions. The proposed design of the storage system succeeded to overcome all challenges associated with using paraffin wax as storage material with the solar still. The obtained results revealed that an improvement in fresh water daily productivity of 4.54% was achieved when the storage system was integrated with the solar still. The economic analysis showed that the cost per 1 L of fresh water was 0.25 $/L when the storage unit was used. This high cost will be significantly reduced when a large-scale system is installed.
Consequences of the accessibility of the mountain national parks in Poland
Authors: Adach Sylwia , Wojtkowska Małgorzata , Religa Paweł 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn Poland, mountain national parks are visited by about 8 million tourists annually. As a result, national parks must have a properly developed infrastructure to accommodate such a large number of people. Tourism development in mountain national parks satisfies the needs of tourist participants and should increase the attractiveness of the area, fit into the cultural concepts of a given region, and promote its development. The research aims to determine the consequences of making mountain national parks available in Poland and determine the factors determining the attractiveness of the protected area and the related tourist burden. Nine mountain national parks located in Poland were selected for the research. An interview was conducted with employees of mountain national parks concerning (a) the tourist burden on the national park, (b) the tourist management of the national park and its surroundings, and (c) the impact of tourist traffic on the natural environment. Parameters characterizing the intensity and spatial character of tourist traffic, tourist management, and the influence of tourist traffic on the natural environment of mountain national parks are discussed. The study presents the parameters determining: tourist traffic density, tourist route density, and tourist traffic intensity. A map of the development of the surroundings of national parks was presented, and its influence on tourist traffic was determined. The obtained results were discussed in the context of the consequences of tourist traffic in mountain national parks. The result of the work was the development of a map of the tourist load of mountain national parks in Poland. Tourism is of crucial importance for the proper functioning of national parks. However, if not properly cultivated, it threatens the fauna and flora of such areas. Rational use of natural resources by tourists visiting mountain national parks is crucial to maintain the balance between man and nature. Proper supervision and management in the national park, as well as the collective responsibility of tourists visiting national parks and the community living in their vicinity, is of fundamental importance for the proper functioning of the system in national parks and nearby tourist destinations.
The utility of overclaiming questionnaires depends on the fit between test content and application context
Authors: Hoffmann Adrian , Diedenhofen Birk , Müller Sascha 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOverclaiming questionnaires (OCQs) were proposed as a means to counteract social desirability bias by capturing individual differences in participants’ self-enhancement tendencies in self-report assessments. Previous studies that evaluated OCQs reported mixed results. However, fit between the content of an OCQ in terms of its items and the context in which the measure is presented has not been tested systematically. In a mock application study (N = 432), we compared different levels of content-context fit between conditions. Results show that the utility of a general knowledge OCQ varied as a function of its content fit to different application contexts. Expectedly, overclaiming was most pronounced in an application context with optimal content fit to the OCQ, followed by a context with lower fit and an honest control condition without application context. Furthermore, participants in the application conditions were shown to successfully fake on conventional personality scales while incorporating specific requirements of the application context into their faking behavior. Our results thus corroborate previous findings suggesting a high susceptibility of personality scales to deliberate faking. In contrast, when content-context fit is taken into account, OCQs may be a promising method for assessing applicant faking.