bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Construction and validation of a prognostic model of metabolism-related genes driven by somatic mutation in bladder cancer
Authors: Wei Liang , Ji Lina , Han Shuaihong , Xu Mingquan , Yang Xiaofeng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground Bladder cancer (BLCA) is a highly malignant disease in the urinary system. Somatic mutation is a key feature in cancer occurrence, development, and treatment. Moreover, altered metabolism contributes to patient prognosis. However, the role of metabolism-related genes (MRGs) driven by somatic mutations in BLCA remains unclear. Methods The data were gathered from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The differentially expressed metabolism-related genes (DEMRGs) between normal and BLCA patients were first identified and the functions were discussed. Then The risk model was construct by the DEMRGs with mutation frequency. The accuracy of the risk model was verified by risk curves, Kaplan-Meier (K-M) curves, and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves. Subsequently, the correlation of risk score and clinical traits was also researched. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), immune checkpoints, immune microenvironment, and chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity were performed in high- and low-risk groups. And the scRNA-seq revealed that the expression pattern of prognostic biomarkers and cellular heterogeneity. Eventually, the mRNA expression levels of biomarkers were validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Results A total of 201 DEMRGs were retrieved, and the DEMRGs were significantly enriched in alcohol metabolic process, cellular modified amino acid metabolic process, and purine metabolism. Then the 24 DEMRGs of the mutation frequency greater than 3% were further analyzed, and a risk model was constructed by 5 biomarkers (FASN, ABCC4, ATP2B4, ATP8B2, and MTHFD1L). Moreover, the AUCs were all greater than 0.6, indicating the risk model had good efficacy. Meanwhile, the riskScore, T-pathologic, age, and N-pathologic were regarded as independent prognostic indicators. The DEMRGs were enriched in OXIDATIVE_PHOSPHORYLATION. Three immune checkpoints, four types of immune cells, and 146 drugs were substantially different in the two risk groups. And the scRNA-seq further disclosed relationships between genes regulation and tracked the development trajectories of distinct cell lineages. Finally, qRT-PCR results showed the expression levels of FASN and MTHFD1L were significantly higher in carcinoma tissue. Conclusion In brief, this study constructed a novel biomarkers, which could improve the prediction of independent prognosis indicators and guide individualized treatment of BLCA patients.
Factors associated with dosimetric changes and value of adaptive radiotherapy in patients undergoing radiotherapy for head and neck cancer
Authors: Bonnet Flore , Créhange Gilles , Berthaut Aurélie , Fouquier Anais , Truc Gilles , Chevalier Cédric , Roukoz Camille , Mirjolet Céline , Bidault Fabienne , Vulquin Noémie , Thibouw David 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Anatomical changes may occur during radiotherapy (RT) in Head and neck (H&N) cancer patients. These may lead to deviations between the initially planned doses and the delivered doses leading to a risk of organs at risk (OAR) overdose and tumor volume undercoverage. The aim of this study is to identify H&N patients who would benefit from adaptive radiotherapy (ART).
Material and Methods: Retrospective data were collected for patients treated with RT for H&N cancer requiring a new dosimetric computed tomography (CT) during treatment. The initially planned doses to OAR and tumor volumes were compared to the doses actually received with and without ART. Predictive criteria for dose deviations greater than 5% were tested.
Results: Among 51 patients included in this study, 29 had an overdose to at least one OAR and 13 had a tumor volume undercoverage. Brainstem overdose was associated with cervical volume decrease between the initial dosimetric CT and the 36±2Gy cone beam CT (CBCT) (OR= 11.29, p= 0.027). Homolateral parotid gland (PG) overdose was associated with a decrease of cervical volume (OR= 4.5, p= 0.033) as well as the decrease in high-risk clinical and planned target volumes (HR CTV and PTV) between the initial and the new dosimetric CT [(OR= 3.38, p = 0.04) and (OR= 7.5, p= 0.017 respectively)]. Tumor volume undercoverage was associated with an older age at diagnosis (OR= 6.79, p= 0.022), a small initial macroscopic tumor volume (OR= 9.33, p= 0.006), and a decrease in HR CTV and PTV at the new dosimetric CT (OR= 7.29, p= 0.016; and OR= 7.7, p= 0.006 respectively). With ART, 19 patients (37.3%) showed an improvement in the sparing of at least one OAR and 6 (11.8%) an improvement in tumor volume coverage.
Conclusion: Factors such as a decrease in cervical diameters and volume during RT, low initial GTV, high age at diagnosis or a decrease in CTV and PTV HR during RT may help predict possible overdosage to OARs or PTV undercoverage. This might allow a better selection of patients who can benefit from ART.
Evaluation of novel bone metabolism markers in kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Vigil Flávia Maria Borges , de Castro Pedro Alves Soares Vaz , Hasparyk Úrsula Gramiscelli , Bartolomei Victoria Soares , Silva Ana Cristina Simões e 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Immunosuppressive therapies, persistent hyperparathyroidism, and other risk factors influence mineral and bone disorder (MBD) after kidney transplantation. However, little is known about their effect on bone metabolism biomarkers. Therefore, we aimed to understand how kidney transplant affects these markers in comparison to patients on hemodialysis and healthy individuals.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with three groups: kidney transplantation patients, patients on hemodialysis, and healthy controls. Plasma concentrations of Dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK1), osteoprotegerin (OPG), osteocalcin (OC), osteopontin (OPN), sclerostin (SOST), and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) were measured in these three groups. Associations between the measurements of these molecules with clinical and laboratory data were evaluated.
Results: A total of 114 patients were included in the study. Transplant recipients had significantly lower levels of DKK1 (p < 0.001), OPG (p < 0.001), OC (p < 0.001), OPN (p = 0.001), OST (p < 0.001), and FGF-23 (p < 0.001) when compared to patients on hemodialysis. In transplant recipients, alkaline phosphatase levels positively correlated with OPN (r = 0.572, p < 0.001), while FGF-23 was negatively correlated with 25-hydroxyvitamin D (r = -0.531; p = 0.019). The bone biomarkers panel was able to successfully predict hypercalcemia (AUC 0.852; 95%CI = 0.679–1.000) and dyslipidemia (AUC 0.811; 95%CI 0.640–0.982) in transplant recipients.
Conclusion: Our findings showed a reduction in bone metabolism markers, DKK1, OPG, OC, OPN, and SOST after kidney transplantation. Kidney transplantation modulates MBD markers, suggesting a significant improvement of MBD associated with end-stage kidney disease.
Cancer diagnosis with image filter-integrated artificial intelligence algorithms: Innovative possibilities
Authors: Kara Ahmet 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper makes use of versatile, multi-layered combinations of artificial intelligence algorithms in static and dynamic contexts that can be innovatively put into practice for cancer diagnosis. The paper describes two methods, the first of which employs image filters to extract, from images, quantified features that can be fed into selection and classification algorithms to accurately diagnose cancer. The method is applicableto many different cancer-related cases. We have used this method of image filter-integrated artificial intelligence algorithms, in the context of a data set, to achieve up to 100 % accuracy. This method, which is static and hence focuses on cases at a point in time, could be generalized to a dynamic setting by collecting data at different points in time and evaluating them algorithmically so as to construct a trajectory describing cancer progression over time. Obtaining such a cancer trajectory would facilitate the decisions for optimal treatment and/or interventions to slow down cancer progression or help eradicate cancer altogether.
The static and dynamic methods described here enable the computerized identification of structurally complex tumors with intricate patterns, which might require relatively sophisticated measures such as fractal dimension, entropy and Liapunov exponent, which could be incorporated into the feature set so as to facilitate successful classification.
Overall, methods are flexible enough to handle a broad range of cases with various levels of complexity and intricacy as well as varying scale and scope associated with different types, subtypes, degrees and stages of cancer.
Household-Level Economic Penalties Resulted From Climate Change-Induced Events Among The Coastal Fishers Of Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Md. Shahidul , Islam Md. Jahirul , BakiBillah Abul Hasan , Haque Md. Mansurul 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Climate change-induced (CCI) calamities have immense negative impacts on coastal fishers’ livelihoods by damaging their household and fishery-related assets, which triggers cyclic poverty among them. This study aimed to identify household-level economic penalties due to CCI calamities among the coastal fishers of Bangladesh. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 338 coastal fishers living in 11 coastal districts using a random sampling technique. Males outnumbered females [84.6% vs. 15.4%], with nearly all (99.1%) living below the poverty line. On average, coastal fishers had to struggle against at least three (3.12 ± 1.28) CCI catastrophes with considerable losses per incidence [domestic asset loss (DAL): 38318 ± 33071; loss in fisheries (LIF): 19236 ± 20486] within the past five years. CCI incidences such as severity of disaster (SoD), longevity of disaster (LoD), winter-cold shock (WCS), and water flow were significantly associated with DAL [95% C.I., p < 0.05]. Similarly, SoD, WCS, water flow, and sea waves during storms (SWDS) were also significantly associated with the impoverished status of coastal fishers in Bangladesh. Climate-resilient coastal management and livelihood improvement policies implemented by the relevant authorities could reduce impending economic penalties for coastal fishing communities.
Higher Blood Cotinine Level is Associated with Worse Cognitive Functioning in Non-smoking Older Adults
Authors: Qiao Huimei , Ge Song 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction

Secondhand smoke (SHS) is common in older adults; however, its cognitive effect is unclear. We aimed to examine the association between serum cotinine level and cognitive functioning among non-smoking older adults.

Method

A total of 2703 older adults aged 60 and above from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011–2014 were included. Serum cotinine level was analyzed in the laboratory. A level ≤ 10 ng/mL and response of “no” to the question “Do you currently smoke?” were used to select non-smokers. Cognitive functioning was measured using the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease Word Learning subtest (CERAD-WL) immediate and delayed recall tests, the Animal Fluency test (AFT), and the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Using means and standard deviations (SD) of the cognitive test scores, test-specific and global cognition z scores were calculated. Multivariable linear regression models were constructed to examine the association between serum cotinine level quartile and test-specific and global cognition z scores adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, education, depressive symptoms, body mass index, alcohol use, smoking history, prevalent coronary heart disease, stroke, and systolic blood pressure.

Results

About half of the participants (mean age 70.5 years) were female (53.6%), non-Hispanic White (48.3%), and completed some college and above (50.2%). Multivariate linear regressions showed that participants in the 1st quartile (highest) of serum cotinine level, compared with those in the 4th quantile (lowest), had lower immediate recall (β -0.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.29, -0.03), AFT (β -0.19, 95% CI -0.33, -0.05), DSST (β -0.27, 95% CI -0.39, -0.15), and global cognition (β -0.26, 95% CI -0.39, -0.14) z scores. Participants in the 2nd quartile, compared with those in the 4th quartile, had lower immediate recall (β -0.16, 95% CI -0.30, -0.02) and global cognition (β -0.16, 95% CI -0.29, -0.02) z scores. Participants in the 3rd quartile, compared with those in the 4th quartile, had lower delayed recall z scores (β -0.16, 95% CI -0.29, -0.02).

Conclusions

Higher serum cotinine level was associated with worse cognitive functioning in non-smoking older adults. Prevention and reduction of SHS in older adults may help protect their cognitive functioning.
Oxidizing and antioxidant processes in wheat plants infected by Septoria tritici Rob
Authors: Molodchenkova O. O. , Lytvynenko M. A. , Mishchenko L. T. , Ryshchakova O. V. , Bezkrovna L. Ya. , Fanin Ya. S. , Tikhonov P. S. 
Published: October 2022

Purpose. Based on the study of oxidative and antioxidant processes in wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) in the earing phase at the infection by Septoria tritici Rob., identify the varietal features of changes in the level of hydrogen peroxide, the intensity of lipid peroxidation and the activi­ty of antioxidant enzymes for development of biochemical methods for selection of disease-resistant plants.
Methods. Field, spectrophotometric methods of biochemical characteristic determination, comparison, generalization. Statistical analysis of research results was carried out using the program Libre Office Calc (GNU Lesser General Public Licensev3).
Results. Changes in the content of hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde and the activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase in wheat plants infected by S. tritici at the earing phase were determined. The presence of varietal features of changes in the oxidative and antioxidant processes of wheat plant cells upon S. tritici infection were detected. It was shown that plant response to S. tritici damage in more disease-resistant wheat varieties were characterized by increased or unchanged relative to the control the content of malondialdehyde and peroxidase activity.
Conclusions. The obtained results will expand the knowledge about the mechanisms of maintaining ROS homeostasis in wheat plants infected by S. tritici and allow to identify biochemical reactions of wheat plants in response to infection, which can be used in the future for the development of biochemical methods for identification of disease-resistant varieties.
Evaluation and sizing of proprietary sedimentation devices for decentralised stormwater treatment
Authors: Houlker Sam , Pasing Alexander , Gesterding Moritz 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Suspended solids removal is a key performance measure for proprietary stormwater treatment devices. Various technologies are available, with manufacturers claiming hydrodynamic separators offer performance advantages. However, it is important to assess manufacturers' claims. Accordingly, this study seeks to compare the performance of proprietary devices, by applying dimensional analysis to third-party certification data and experimental data from uncertified devices, and to determine the accuracy of a single parameter estimation (Hazen or Péclet number) of removal efficiency. Statistical analysis indicates that device performance is well described by a single parameter estimation transitioning from Hazen (Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient = 0.81 and root mean square error = 5.1%) at low surface loading rates (SLR) in all technology types (high removal efficiency) to Péclet (Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient = 0.5 to 0.61 and root mean square error = 5.9% to 4.3%) at higher SLR (low removal efficiency) for hydrodynamic separators. This indicates that performance at low SLR is well explained by gravity separation in all technology types, whilst in hydrodynamic separators removal at high SLR is better explained by gravity separation plus advection. Consequently, when high (&gt;80%) removal efficiency is required there is no performance advantage between technology types. However, when low (&lt;50%) removal efficiency is required hydrodynamic separators offer a 33% increase in treatment area.
Asiaticoside Prevents Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Endothelial Cells by Activating ROS-dependent p53/Bcl-2/Caspase-3 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Liang Zhenwen , Chen Yu , Gu Rifang , Guo Qi , Nie Xuqiang 
Published: October 2022

Background:Asiaticoside (AC) is a triterpenoid saponin found in Centella asiatica (L.) urban extract that has a wide range of pharmacological properties. Our previous study demonstrated that AC could promote angiogenesis in diabetic wounds, but the specific mechanisms remain unknown.Objective:This study aimed to examine the effectiveness and mechanism of AC on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) exposed to tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) toxicity.Methods:Senescence was confirmed using senescence-associated betagalactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity and expression of the cell cycle phase markers p16 and p21. The levels of SOD, NO, MDA, GSH-Px, and ROS were tested. Furthermore, several cell death-related genes and proteins (p53, Bax, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3) were assessed with RT-qPCR and Western blotting.Results:AC significantly reduced SA-β-gal activity, with both the suppression of cellcycle inhibitors p16 and p21. We also found that the induced oxidative stress and apoptosis caused by t-BHP treatment resulted in the decrease of antioxidant enzymes activities, the surge of ROS and MDA, the up-regulation of p53, Bax and caspase-3, and the decrease of SOD, NO, GSH-Px and Bcl-2. These biochemical changes were all reversed by treatment with varying doses of AC.Conclusion:AC alleviates t-BHP-induced oxidative injury and apoptosis in HUVECs through the ROS-dependent p53/Bcl-2/Caspase-3 signaling pathway. It may be a potential antioxidant applied in metabolic disorders and pharmaceutical products.
Neuroprotective Role of MiRNA-9 in Neurological Diseases:
A Mini Review
Authors: Wang Shenglin , Jiang Guohui , Wang Shunxian 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding small RNAs with about 22
nucleotides in eukaryotes. They regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional
level and play a key role in physiological and pathological processes. As one of the
most abundant miRNAs in the human brain, miRNA-9 (miR-9) has attracted extensive
attention due to its important role in the maintenance of normal function of the nervous
system and the occurrence and development of nervous system diseases. Hence, we
reviewed the neuroprotective effect of miR-9 in neurological diseases. MiR-9 may be a
potential target of nervous system diseases.
The Role of Serum Secretoneurin Levels in Patients with Traumatic Brain
Injury
Authors: Güzel Murat , Akyüz Muhammet Faruk , Yücel Murat , Güngör İremgül , Yadigaroğlu Metin , Görgün Selim , Karataş Hüseyin 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Secretoneurin is a neuropeptide expressed from endocrine, neuroendocrine,
and neural tissues. Our study aimed to investigate whether there was a relationship between secretoneurin
levels and the severity of traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methods:
Ninety patients aged over 18 years who were admitted to the emergency department with
head trauma between April 2020 and October 2020 and 20 healthy volunteers (control group) were
included in the study. Patients were divided into three groups according to Glasgow Coma Scale
scores: Mild TBI (n=33), moderate TBI (n=28), and severe TBI (n=29). The final status of the patients
was evaluated in three groups: exitus, discharge with Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) ≤ 3 and
discharge with GOS >3.

Results:
The median secretoneurin levels of patients with severe TBI 31.71 (14.21-70.95) were
found to be significantly higher than in those with moderate TBI [17.30 (10.71-69.27) (P=0.025),
and patients with moderate TBI had a substantially higher level of secretoneurin than those with
mild TBI 11.70 (6-16.25) (P<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between the
median secretoneurin levels in patients with mild TBI and the control group 10.73 (5.33-13.18)
(P=0.999). The secretoneurin cut-off value of >18.13 ng/mL had a sensitivity of 83.87% and a specificity
of 77.97% for poor neurologic outcomes (AUC 0.86, 95% CI: 0.77- 0.92). The secretoneurin
cut-off value of >20.67 ng/mL had a sensitivity of 90.91% and a specificity of 74.68% for mortality
(AUC 0.85, 95% CI: 0.76-0.92).

Conclusion:
Secretoneurin can be a useful biomarker in diagnosing patients with moderate-tosevere
TBI. It may also guide physicians in predicting the clinical outcome of patients with TBI.
Synthesis Characterization and Biological Activity of 4-Methyl-benzene
Sulfonohydrazide Derivatives
Authors: Verma Preeti , Kumar Sushil , Ojha Smriti , Mishra Sudhanshu 
Published: October 2022

Background:
A schiff base is generally a bi- or tri-dentate ligand capable of forming stable
complexes with transition metals. Schiff base complexes have synthetic flexibilities and biological activity
against various diseases.

Objective:
In the current study, Schiff bases compounds (PV1 - PV5) were synthesized from 4-methyl-1-
benzene sulfonyl chloride. Subsequently, the synthesized products were analyzed for their antibacterial
activity.

Methods:
Schiff base is a nitrogen analog with a carbonyl group. The reaction that results in the formation
of new complexes involves the condensation of carbonyl compounds with an amine group. Furthermore,
thin layer chromatography, FT-IR spectroscopy, and 1H-NMR were performed for product
characterization.

Results:
All five complexes were successfully synthesized and some of the compounds demonstrated
antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties.

Conclusion:
The results confirmed the structure and presence of functional groups as per the scheme of
synthesis. These synthesized compounds have the potential to treat the studied diseases and could be used
as therapeutic candidates if further research is done.
Nanotechnology: A Potential Approach for Nutraceuticals
Authors: Rene Christena Lowrence , Francis Steffi Pulikodan , Francis Mishel Pulikodan , Abdul Mohamed Haroon Basha 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Nutraceuticals in the food sector open doors to the future of “nanoscience” technology
that has gained much importance. Nanotechnology has established a new perspective by providing
nanomaterials with changed features using nano-formulations and nutritional supplements in
the food sector. Nanomaterials show distinctive features owing to their tiny size and high surface/
volume ratio; thus, they are fully utilized as nutraceuticals in the food sector. The present
review article provides an exhaustive overview of the application of nanomaterials for developing
advanced nanoparticles with increased bioavailability, solubility, improved encapsulation effectiveness,
increased stability, sustained and targeted drug supply, degradation prevention, antimicrobials,
and improved pharmacological activity. It also underlines the relevance of peptides
and enzymes for food packaging and the future use of nanosensors/nano-bio sensors.