bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coaching models, theories, and structures: An overview for teaching faculty in the emergency department and educators in the offices
Authors: Deiorio Nicole M. , Moore Margaret , Santen Sally A. , Gazelle Gail , Dalrymple John L. , Hammoud Maya 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCoaching is rapidly advancing in medical education as a relational process of facilitating sustainable change and growth. Coaching can support learners in emergency medicine at any stage by improving self‐reflection, motivation, psychological capital, and goal creation and attainment. Different from the traditional models of advising and mentoring, coaching may be a new model for many educators. An introduction to key coaching concepts and ways they may be implemented in emergency medicine is provided. Experienced coaches employ a diverse array of models and techniques that may be new to novice coaches. This article summarizes a variety of coaching models, theories, and content areas that can be adapted to a coachee's needs and the situational context—be it the fast‐paced emergency department or the faculty member's office.
Follicular lymphoma: 2023 update on diagnosis and management
Authors: Jacobsen Eric 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDisease OverviewFollicular lymphoma (FL) is generally an indolent B cell lymphoproliferative disorder of transformed follicular center B cells. FL is characterized by diffuse lymphadenopathy, bone marrow involvement, and splenomegaly. Extranodal involvement is less common. Cytopenias are relatively common but constitutional symptoms of fever, night sweats, and weight loss are uncommon in the absence of transformation to diffuse large B cell lymphoma.DiagnosisThe diagnosis is based on histology from a biopsy of a lymph node or other affected tissue. Incisional biopsy is preferred over needle biopsies in order to give adequate tissue to assign grade and assess for transformation. Immunohistochemical staining is positive in virtually all cases for cell surface CD19, CD20, CD10, and monoclonal immunoglobulin, as well as cytoplasmic expression of bcl‐2 protein. The overwhelming majority of cases have the characteristic t(14;18) translocation involving the IgH/bcl‐2 genes.Risk StratificationThe Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index (FLIPI) uses five independent predictors of inferior survival: age >60 years, hemoglobin <12 g/dL, serum LDH > normal, Ann Arbor stage III/IV, number of involved nodal areas >4. The presence of 0–1, 2, and ≥3 adverse factors defines low, intermediate, and high‐risk disease. There are other clinical prognostic models but the FLIPI remains the most common. Other factors such as time to relapse of less than 2 years from chemoimmunotherapy and specific gene mutations may also be useful for prognosis. Regardless of the prognostic model used, modern therapies have demonstrably improved prognosis.Risk‐Adapted TherapyObservation continues to be appropriate for asymptomatic patients with low bulk disease and no cytopenias. There is no overall survival (OS) advantage for early treatment with either chemotherapy or single‐agent rituximab. For patients needing therapy, most patients are treated with chemoimmunotherapy, which has improved overall response rates (ORR), DOR, and OS. Randomized studies have shown additional benefits for maintenance of rituximab. Lenalidomide was non‐inferior to chemoimmunotherapy in a randomized front‐line study and, when combined with rituximab, was superior to rituximab alone in relapsed FL. Kinase inhibitors, stem cell transplantation (SCT), and chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR‐T) are also considered for recurrent disease.
Engineering Support and Distribution of Palladium and Tin on MXene with Modulation of the d‐Band Center for CO‐resilient Methanol Oxidation
Authors: Chen Shufen , Liu Ning , Zhong Junjie , Yang Rongliang , Yan Bo , Gan Liyong , Yu Peng , Gui Xuchun , Yang Hongbin , Yu Dingshan , Zeng Zhiping , Yang Guowei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe efficiency of direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is largely determined by the activity and durability of methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) catalysts. Herein, we present a CO‐resilient MOR catalyst of palladium‐tin nano‐alloy anchored on Se‐doped MXene (PdSn0.5/Se−Ti3C2) via a progressive one‐step electrochemical deposition strategy. MOR mass activity resulting from Pd/Se−Ti3C2 catalyst (1046.2 mA mg−1) is over 2‐fold larger than that of Pd/Ti3C2, suggesting that the introduction of Se atoms on MXene might accelerate the reaction kinetics. PdSn0.5/Se−Ti3C2 with Se‐doping progress of MXene and the cooperated Pd−Sn sites has a superior MOR mass activity (4762.8 mA mg−1), outperforming many other reported Pd‐based catalysts. Both experimental results and theoretical calculation reveal that boosted electron interaction of metal crystals with Se‐doped MXene and optimized distribution of Pd−Sn sites can modulate the d band center, reduce adsorption energies of CO* at Pd site and enhance OH* generation at Sn site, resulting in highly efficient removal of CO intermediates by reaction with neighboring OH species on adjacent Sn sites.
Single‐Atom Materials as Electrochemical Sensors: Sensitivity, Selectivity, and Stability
Authors: Zheng Weiran 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSingle‐atom materials (SAMs) feature isolated metal sites embedded inside inorganic or organic supports. Thanks to the well‐defined electrochemically active centers, SAMs have demonstrated expectational performance as electrochemical sensors. In this review, we provided an introductive discussion on the current research progress of metal‐inorganic/organic SAMs‐based sensors, including mainly metal‐carbon, metal‐metal oxide/hydroxide/dichalcogenide, metal‐organic frameworks, and metal‐doped covalent organic frameworks. Following these examples, we outlined a few general strategies for rationalizing SAMs towards better sensitivity, selectivity, and stability.
Preparation of waterborne polyimide‐modified epoxy resin with high thermal properties and adhesion properties
Authors: Xing Hao , Mao Yanyu , Yang Yang , Qu Chunyan , Wang Dezhi , Fan Xupeng , Zhao Liwei , Zhou Dongpeng , Liu Changwei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn response to the theme of environmental protection and green development in the world in the recent years, waterborne epoxy resin has received more and more attention. Waterborne epoxy resin has lower toxicity, but its low toughness limits the application range of waterborne epoxy resin. Here, we first proposed a method of toughening waterborne epoxy resin with aqueous polyamide salt solution. In this article, a series of waterborne polyamic acid salts is used as modification polymer to improve the high‐temperature resistance and other properties of waterborne epoxy resins by copolymerization modification. Waterborne polyamic acid salt is dispersed uniformly in the epoxy resin. After curing, by compared with the pure epoxy resin, a semi‐interpenetrating network is formed, the cross‐linking density and the high‐temperature resistance of the material are increased, and the glass transition temperature increases from 105°C to 116°C. The storage modulus at 300°C increases from 6.15 to 15.76 MPa. Thermogravimetric Analysis results reveal that the corresponding temperatures of 5% and 10% weight loss increase from 403°C and 419°C to 415°C and 435°C, respectively. At the same time, the toughness of the imide chain segment and polar groups lead to the improved adhesion of the epoxy system, the peeling strength increase from 0.51 to 1.24 N cm−1, and the lap shear strength at high temperature (100°C) increase from 0.58 to 16.97 MPa. The water absorption decreases from 1.51% to 0.66%. The developed waterborne epoxy resin is expected to be used as a high‐temperature waterborne epoxy coating in high‐temperature coatings and other applications.
Predicting coauthorship using bibliographic network embedding
Authors: Zhu Yongjun , Quan Lihong , Chen Pei‐Ying , Kim Meen Chul , Che Chao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCoauthorship prediction applies predictive analytics to bibliographic data to predict authors who are highly likely to be coauthors. In this study, we propose an approach for coauthorship prediction based on bibliographic network embedding through a graph‐based bibliographic data model that can be used to model common bibliographic data, including papers, terms, sources, authors, departments, research interests, universities, and countries. A real‐world dataset released by AMiner that includes more than 2 million papers, 8 million citations, and 1.7 million authors were integrated into a large bibliographic network using the proposed bibliographic data model. Translation‐based methods were applied to the entities and relationships to generate their low‐dimensional embeddings while preserving their connectivity information in the original bibliographic network. We applied machine learning algorithms to embeddings that represent the coauthorship relationships of the two authors and achieved high prediction results. The reference model, which is the combination of a network embedding size of 100, the most basic translation‐based method, and a gradient boosting method achieved an F1 score of 0.9 and even higher scores are obtainable with different embedding sizes and more advanced embedding methods. Thus, the strengths of the proposed approach lie in its customizable components under a unified framework.
Information, platformized
Authors: Ma Lai 
Published: September 2022

AbstractScholarly publications are often regarded as “information” by default. They are collected, organized, preserved, and made accessible as knowledge records. However, the instances of article retraction, misconduct and malpractices of researchers and the replication crisis have raised concerns about the informativeness and evidential qualities of information. Among many factors, knowledge production has moved away from “normal science” under the systemic influences of platformization involving the datafication and commodification of scholarly articles, research profiles and research activities. This article aims to understand the platformization of information by examining how research practices and knowledge production are steered by market and platform mechanisms in four ways: (a) ownership of information; (b) metrics for sale; (c) relevance by metrics, and (d) market‐based competition. In conclusion, the article argues that information is platformized when platforms hold the dominating power in determining what kinds of information can be disseminated and rewarded and when informativeness is decoupled from the normative agreement or consensus co‐constructed and co‐determined in an open and public discourse.
A new model for recognition, referral, and follow‐up of autism spectrum disorder: A nationwide program
Authors: Dursun Onur Burak , Turan Bahadır , Öğütlü Hakan , Binici Nagihan Cevher , Örengül Abdurrahman Cahid , Alataş Esra , Özdemir Rabia Madan , Taşlıbeyaz Elif , Karaman Selçuk , Mukaddes Nahit Motavallı ,   on behalf of Turkish Autism Workgroup
Published: September 2022

AbstractEarly diagnosis of autism certainly stands as one of the most important determinants to ensure a better prognosis of the disorder, it is common that the screening programs to ensure this, end up not being implemented in health systems of many countries. This may stem from the disadvantages of classically suggested scale‐based screening (SBS) programs. This study presents a nationwide recognition and referral model for early diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), in order to meet the obvious need for new methods. The model consists of interactive video‐based training (IVBAT) of health care workers (HCW), a system where family physicians (FPs) record five probable indicators of autism in their family medicine information system; and is therefore, a practical referral system in which the FP may refer a child with any suggestive finding to a child psychiatrist and may well continue to monitor recently diagnosed cases. The autism teams consist of trained child psychiatrists and coordinators, who delivered trainings to 29,612 FPs and 23,511 nurses countrywide. Of 98.8% FPs were trained throughout the country. Total of 1,863,096 children were reported to have a brief examination of autism signs in Family Medicine Units by trained FPs and nurses. A total of 55,314 (2.96%) these children were deemed at risk for ASD and were referred to child psychiatrists. In the evaluation of 55,314 children by child psychiatrists, 10,087 cases were diagnosed with developmental disorders, while 3226 of children at risk were diagnosed with autism. The results of this study, which reached to the largest sample to date, suggest that some other alternative methods, in addition to SBS should also be tested in order to screen ASD.Lay SummaryIn this study, a nationwide recognition and referral model for early identification of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is presented. Scale‐based screening (SBS) is the most recommended model for autism, however, it is clear that most countries can not implement this model in their health system. The results of this study, which reached to the largest sample to date, suggest that SBS may not be the only me for screening ASD and that alternative methods should be tried, as there is an obvious need for exploratory approaches.
Parasympathetic functioning and sleep problems in children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Schiltz Hillary K. , Fenning Rachel M. , Erath Stephen A. , Baker Jason K. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRespiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), an index of parasympathetic nervous system activity, has been linked with sleep quality among children with neurotypical development. The current study extended examination of these processes to children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a group at considerable risk for sleep problems. Participants included 54 children with ASD (aged 6–10 years, 43% Hispanic). RSA data were collected via a wired MindWare system during a 3‐min baseline and a 3‐min challenge task. Parents reported on their children's sleep problems and sleep duration using the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire, Abbreviated. Although no significant correlations emerged between RSA indices and parent‐reported child sleep, baseline RSA and RSA reactivity interacted in the prediction of sleep problems. For children with higher RSA reactivity, higher baseline RSA was associated with fewer sleep problems, but for children with lower RSA reactivity, baseline RSA was not predictive. No main effects or interactions of RSA predicted sleep duration. Findings suggest resilience against sleep problems for children with ASD presenting with higher baseline RSA and higher RSA reactivity. Implications of these results center upon directly targeting psychophysiology (i.e., parasympathetic nervous system regulation) as a possible mechanism to improve sleep in children with ASD, and developing personalized interventions based on physiological markers of risk and resilience.
Comparison of DNA methylation patterns across tissue types in infants with tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Nelson Jennifer S. , Kwok Cheuk , Braganca Nicholas E. , Lopez Daralys L. , Espina Rey Andrea P. , Robinson Matthew , Ebert Steven N. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundEnvironmental factors may influence the development of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), and DNA methylation patterns may reveal specific chemical signatures of perturbations during cardiac development. We investigated whether blood and buccal cells could be viable surrogates for myocardium.MethodsWe measured epigenome‐wide DNA methylation at 866,895 5’‐cytosine‐phosphate‐guanine‐3’ (CpG) sites in blood (n=3), buccal cells (n=3), and right ventricular myocardium (n=4) collected from infants with TOF and compared the percent of differentially methylated CpG sites across tissue types. Gene‐specific DNA methylation profiles were also analyzed for ten representative genes associated with heart development. Welch's ANOVAs compared general methylation between tissue types.ResultsComparison of DNA methylation profiles across blood, buccal, and myocardium suggested myocardium and buccal samples were most similar, differing in DNA methylation at only 1.3% (11,386) of CpG sites whereas myocardium and blood were most dissimilar, having 146,857 statistically dissimilar methylated CpG sites (~17% dissimilarity; adjusted p < 0.01 for each site). Buccal swabs were significantly more variable (p < .001) than either blood or myocardial samples. In gene‐specific analyses, SCO2, GATA4, NOTCH4, WNT7A, and DKK2 showed conserved DNA methylation profiles across tissue types, while HAND1, JAG1, NKX2‐5, TBX5 and TBX20 showed more distinctive tissue‐specific patterns of DNA methylation.ConclusionsCompared with blood, buccal tissue more closely mirrors the myocardial methylome, with >10‐fold similarity. Nevertheless, both buccal and blood tissue capture highly conserved DNA methylation patterns at specific genetic loci related to cardiac development.Buccal cheek swabs may be a useful surrogate tissue type for future investigations of TOF‐specific epigenetic profiles.
The impact of COVID‐19 on A Level exams in England: Students as consumers
Authors: Bhopal Kalwant , Myers Martin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe recent global outbreak of the COVID‐19 pandemic created significant challenges for society, not least for education. England went into lockdown in March 2020; following this, A Level exams were cancelled and the Department for Education announced that results were to be determined by teacher‐assessed grades. This paper draws upon research conducted during this time with A Level students. It is based on a total of 53 Skype interviews with students who had their A Level exams cancelled, most of whom had ambitions to start university in September 2020. A number of striking findings emerged from the study. Students were well‐informed about the changes to the A Level exam assessment and the impact structural inequalities were likely to have on assessed grades. White students and those from independent fee‐paying schools were consistently more satisfied with the measures put in place to assess their grades compared to students from Black and minority ethnic backgrounds. However, all students—regardless of their background—identified patterns of unfairness which were based on structural inequalities. We conclude that these findings point to students adopting some of the attributes of the ‘student as consumer’, not by concentrating on choices associated with free market economies such as ‘good value’, but rather by identifying more ethical ‘values’ within education.
Problem behavior maintained by a precurrent relation
Authors: Mead Jasperse Sarah C. , Iwata Brian A. , Topham Kathryn Horton 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDifferential reinforcement of alternative behavior is a well‐established treatment for problem behavior in which the functional reinforcer is delivered after the occurrence of a replacement behavior and withheld after the occurrence of problem behavior. However, sometimes problem behavior continues to occur under these conditions, raising a question as to why problem behavior might maintain when its reinforcer is withheld. This study examined the possibility that problem behavior could be maintained indirectly in a precurrent relation. A functional analysis was conducted to identify a response‐response relation between self‐injurious behavior (SIB) and an alternative response. The results suggest that SIB was maintained by its relation with the alternative response.
Enhanced photovoltaic performance for quinoxaline‐based polymeric donor via backbone engineering for non‐fullerene organic solar cells
Authors: Agneeswari Rajalingam , Ahn Yoomi , Tamilavan Vellaiappillai , Kim Danbi , Shin Insoo , Yi Hojun , Shin Chnan‐gi , Park Sung Heum , Jin Youngeup 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHerein, we demonstrate a facile technique for transforming a low‐energy‐converting quinoxaline‐based polymer into an efficient polymeric donor for non‐fullerene acceptor‐based organic solar cells (NFA‐OSCs). Alternating copolymers, namely P(BDTSi‐DTfQ), incorporating electron‐rich 4,8‐bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)‐benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐′]dithiophene (BDTSi) and electron‐deficient 2,3‐didodecyl‐6‐fluoro‐5,8‐di(thiophen‐2‐yl)quinoxaline (DTfQ) units were synthesized. The properties of P(BDTSi‐DTfQ) were thoroughly studied and briefly compared to those of the reported polymers, namely P(BDTSi‐DTffQ), made up of BDTSi and 2,3‐didodecyl‐6,7‐difluoro‐5,8‐di(thiophen‐2‐yl)quinoxaline (DTffQ) units. Polymer P(BDTSi‐DTfQ) exhibited a lower bandgap (Eg) and higher highest occupied and lowest unoccupied energy levels (HOMO and LUMO) than P(BDTSi‐DTffQ). The estimated Eg and HOMO/LUMO for P(BDTSi‐DTfQ) were 1.90 eV and −5.46 eV/−3.56 eV, respectively, and for P(BDTSi‐DTffQ) the same were 1.94 eV and −5.58 eV/−3.64 eV, respectively. Interestingly, the NFA‐OSCs made from P(BDTSi‐DTfQ) as the donor and NFA, namely ITIC, as the acceptor, gave a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 3.68%, which is much higher than the PCE obtained (⁓0.75%) for the OSCs prepared by using the P(BDTSi‐DTffQ):ITIC blend. Noticeably, the energy levels of P(BDTSi‐DTfQ) were found to be favorable for efficient charge separation when it was blended with ITIC. This blend not only allowed a better charge separation at the donor/acceptor interfaces but also significantly lowered bimolecular recombination. The overall effect was to provide a higher PCE. However, P(BDTSi‐DTffQ) showed mismatched energy levels with ITIC resulting in a higher bimolecular recombination and lower PCE.
Real‐World clinical features and survival outcomes associated with primary gastrointestinal natural killer/T‐cell lymphoma from 1999 to 2020
Authors: Chunli Yang , Ming Jiang , Ziyan Ma , Jie Ji , Shuli Lv , Jie Huang , Yu Wu , Caigang Xu , Liqun Zou 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrimary gastrointestinal natural killer (NK)/T‐cell lymphoma (PGINKTL) is a rare T‐/NK‐cell lymphoma subtype, and the clinical features and survival outcomes remain largely unknown.MethodsTo summarize the clinical features and survival outcomes of PGINKTL, PGINKTL cases diagnosed at our hospital from May 1999 to December 2020 were reviewed; and the clinical data, information on treatment strategies, and survival were collected. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan–Meier method and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression. We constructed a nomogram to visualize the survival prediction of PGINKTL. The discriminative ability and calibration of the nomogram for prediction were tested using the concordance index (C‐index) and calibration plots.ResultsThe cohort included 81 cases, the median age was 36 years (range, 7–80 years), and the male‐to‐female ratio was 1.7:1. The most common clinical symptom at the time of diagnosis was abdominal pain (71.6%). The most common lesion site was the colon (59.3%). During a median follow‐up period of 37.7 months, the median overall survival (OS) time of 81 patients was 4.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.1–4.9 months), and the 2‐year OS rate was 30.7% (95% CI, 20.3%–40.1%). The multivariate analyses indicated that patients with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) score ≥2, serum lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) level ≥ the upper limit normal (ULN), and perforation had worse OS. We used these data to establish a nomogram to predict survival for PGINKTL. The nomogram displayed good accuracy, with a C‐index of 0.726.ConclusionThe clinical features and poor outcomes of PGINKTL, which is a rare and fatal lymphoma type, are presented. The proposed nomogram provides an individualized estimate of survival for these patients. In the future, the study focused on exploring a better treatment strategy to improve survival is required in PGINKTL.