bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complex management of lentigo maligna in the setting of chrysiasis, argyriasis, and tattoo using in vivo reflectance confocal microscopy
Authors: Martin Arthur , Gouveia Bruna Melhoranse , Rawson Robert , Guitera Pascale 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLentigo maligna (LM) can be difficult to diagnose and recurrence is not uncommon. In vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) improves diagnostic accuracy of LM. LM can be difficult to discern from coexistent metal‐induced cutaneous hyperpigmentation (MICH). We are the first to describe three cases of LM associated with gold, silver, and metal oxide (from tattoos) and the RCM findings, respectively. The images obtained via RCM were analyzed by two RCM experts, and histopathology reviewed by a dermatopathologist. MICH under RCM appeared as intensely hyperreflective dots (when found freely) or clusters of variable sizes (when engulfed by macrophages) limited to the dermis. Dermal dendritic cells and melanophages were also found in association but distinct from the confluence of dendritic cells at the dermoepidermal junction observed in LM. We showed longitudinal changes within the dermis in MICH, not previously reported, where these hyperreflective dots congregate into clusters. RCM was able to distinguish the features of LM from MICH, delineate treatment margins, and monitor for recurrence.
Emergent Spaces of Emergency Claims: Possibilities and Contestation in a National Climate Emergency Declaration
Authors: Cretney Raven , Nissen Sylvia 
Published: May 2022

AbstractClimate emergency declarations have become a prominent mechanism within the environmental movement to emphasise the urgency of the climate crisis, with this activism prompting numerous declarations from governments. Embedded in these declarations are claims of emergency, which hold representations of how different actors make sense of the present political moment and imagine trajectories of change. We analyse the contested meanings of public emergency claims made by activists and the state in Aotearoa New Zealand’s national climate emergency declaration. Identifying three framings of emergency as an objective truth, an activating property, and a responsibility, our analysis suggests emergency declarations hold ambiguous potential for more radical action on climate change. While opening political space on what emergency means, we argue emergency claims hold risks of depoliticising climate politics and re‐embedding the neoliberal status quo. Emergency claims also contain tensions in imaginaries of transformation, suggesting the importance of contestation within climate emergency declarations.
Endometriosis in women undergoing ovarian tissue transplantation due to premature menopause after gonadotoxic treatment or spontaneous premature ovarian failure
Authors: Lotz Laura , Dietl Anna , Hoffmann Inge , Müller Anrdreas , Burghaus Stefanie , Beckmann Matthias Wilhelm , Dittrich Ralf 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionCryopreservation of ovarian tissue with subsequent transplantation is an efficient option for restoring fertility in women at risk of premature ovarian failure. The association between infertility and endometriosis is well recognized. Although endometriosis usually ends with the onset of natural or iatrogen menopause due to declining estrogen levels, endometriosis can in rare cases occur after menopause. This study aims to investigate women with premature menopause who were diagnosed with endometriosis during laparoscopy for ovarian tissue transplantation, and to address the questions of how endometriotic lesions after cytotoxic treatment and premature menopause might be explained, whether endometriosis affects pregnancy rates, and whether there is an association between endometriosis and the original cancer.Material and MethodsSeventeen patients who had undergone ovarian tissue transplantation to restore their fertility and who were diagnosed with endometriosis during transplantation were included in this retrospective study. The endometriosis foci were completely removed and ovarian tissue was transplanted into the pelvic peritoneum. Preexisting conditions, use of hormonal preparations, endometriosis stage pain assessment, as well as pregnancy and live birth rate were evaluated.ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 29.5 ± 6.3 years (range 14–39) at the time of ovarian tissue harvest and 34.6 ± 4.3 years (range 28–40) at transplantation. Prior to transplantation, four patients had taken hormone replacement therapy, four women oral contraceptives and two patients’ tamoxifen. Twelve women had stage I endometriosis and five stage II endometrioses according to the rASRM classification. Four patients reported dysmenorrhea. None of the women complained of general pelvic pain or dyspareunia. The pregnancy rate in the study population was 41.2%, with a live birth rate of 35.3%. The pregnancies occurred in three cases after spontaneous conception, in four women after a natural cycle IVF/ICSI.ConclusionsThis study highlights the under‐researched association between endometriosis in women entering premature or early menopause either after gonadotoxic treatment or due to primary ovarian insufficiency. As more and more patients seek to have their cryopreserved ovarian tissue transplanted to fulfill their desire to have children, specialists will inevitably encounter women with this condition.
Entry decision of a vertically integrated foreign firm with downstream subsidization and upstream privatization
Authors: Zhang Chuyuan , Lee Sang‐Ho 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study considers a vertical structure model in which an upstream state‐owned enterprise (SOE) and a downstream domestic firm compete with a vertically integrated foreign firm (VIFF). We consider the cost‐inefficiency of the SOE and examine the entry decisions of a VIFF under downstream subsidization. We find that without upstream privatization, the VIFF's entry decision might not be socially desirable unless it enters both markets and the cost inefficiency is intermediate. Additionally, a policy to reduce the cost inefficiency might cause a drastic welfare increase or loss when the VIFF changes its entry decision. We then examine upstream privatization and show that a substantial improvement in cost efficiency can increase welfare with privatization. When the SOE maximizes welfare, however, lesser (greater) cost efficiency improvement is necessary to increase welfare with privatization if the ex‐ante cost inefficiency is high (low).
Software development to optimize the minimal detectable difference in human airway images captured using optical coherence tomography
Authors: Peters Carli M. , Peters Robert C. , Lee Anthony D. , Lane Pierre , Lam Stephen , Sin Don D. , McKenzie Donald C. , Sheel A. William 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOptical coherence tomography (OCT) is an imaging methodology that can be used to assess human airways. OCT avoids the harmful effects of ionizing radiation and has a high spatial resolution making it well suited for imaging the structure of small airways. Analysis of OCT airway images has typically been performed manually by tracing the airway with a relatively high coefficient of variation. The purpose of this study was to develop an analysis tool to reduce the inter‐ and intra‐observer reproducibility of OCT and improve the ability to detect differences in airways. OCT images from healthy, young human volunteers were used to develop and test the OCT software. Measurement software was developed to allow the conversion of the original image into a grayscale image and was followed by an enhancement operation to brighten the image, and contour measurement. A total of 140 OCT images, 70 small (<2 mm) and 70 medium (2–4 mm) sized airways were analyzed. The inter‐ and intraobserver reproducibility of airway measurements ranged for strong to very strong in the small‐sized airways. For medium‐sized airways the reproducibility was considered moderate. Bland‐Altman bias was low between observers and observations for all measures. The minimal detectable differences in the airway measurements with our semi‐automated software were lower relative to manual tracing in medium‐sized airways. Our software improves the ability to perform quantitative OCT analysis and may help to quantify the extent of airway remodelling in respiratory disease or elite athletes in future studies.
Nomogram for stratifying patients with lifelong premature ejaculation before using the PHQ‐9: An observational study
Authors: Hou Guangdong , Gao Ming , Zheng Yu , Hou Niuniu , Zhang Siyan , Sun Jianhua , Jannini Tommaso B. , Zhang Lei , Dun Xinlong , Wang Fuli , Jannini Emmanuele A. , Yuan Jianlin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveA PHQ‐9 score ≥ 15, represented as PHQ‐9+, indicates major depressive disorder (MDD). On using PHQ‐9, the psychological burden of several patients with lifelong premature ejaculation (LPE) gets aggravated, which may lead to LPE development. We aim to construct a nomogram for predicting the individual risk of PHQ‐9+ in patients with LPE and discerning those with low risks, who should avoid the PHQ‐9.MethodsThe nomogram was constructed by analysing data of 802 patients from Xijing Hospital and Northwest Women's & Children's Hospital. The LASSO and multivariable logistic regressions were used to identify independent predictors of PHQ‐9+, used for developing the nomogram. The discrimination, calibration and clinical usefulness of the nomogram were assessed in the derivation cohort and an independent validation cohort, which was composed of 505 prospectively enrolled patients from Daxing Hospital and Xijing Hospital.ResultsThe duration of PE, IELT, a history of PE exacerbation, IIEF‐5 score, urinary frequency and physical pain score were identified as independent predictors. The nomogram showed excellent calibration, discrimination and clinical usefulness in the derivation and validation cohorts, with a predictive accuracy of 0.781 and 0.763, respectively. Based on this nomogram, patients were divided into not recommended, recommended and strongly recommended PHQ‐9 filling groups, with PHQ‐9+ rates of 3.5%, 9.3% and 30.7%, respectively.ConclusionA nomogram to discern LPE patients with low risks of PHQ‐9+ was established. This tool can increase the positivity of MDD screening and may improve the therapeutic outcomes of those in the low‐risk group.
Myrmecochorous plants and their ant seed dispersers through successional stages in temperate cove forests
Authors: Schultz Mary , Warren Robert J. , Costa James , Collins Beverly , Bradford Mark 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Anthropogenic disturbance can decrease woodland diversity in the species‐rich herbaceous layer of eastern deciduous forests, and ant‐dispersed (myrmecochorous) plants may be particularly affected due to their limited ability to re‐colonise secondary forests.
Consequently, we predicted that myrmecochorous plants and their keystone seed‐dispersing ants would increase with time since the last disturbance, as reflected by young, middle or mature forest successional stage. Specifically, we hypothesized that myrmecochore abundance and richness would be relatively lowest in the youngest forests, moderate in middle‐aged forests and highest in mature forests. We also hypothesized that experimentally introducing ant bait in a regular pattern, as might be expected from intact species‐rich myrmecochore communities, would elicit greater ant foraging interest than intermittent baiting, as might be expected in recently disturbed depauperate myrmecochore communities.
We found the highest myrmecochore plant abundance in mature forests, but we found the same for herbaceous plants overall. Moreover, regular and intermittent bait offerings elicited similar overall ant responses. The observational results suggested that myrmecochorous plants respond to forest successional stage as do other woodland plants, and our experimental results suggest that disrupted seed delivery by myrmecochores did not affect Aphaenogaster abundance or foraging behaviour.
As such, the myrmecochore communities studied here appeared as resilient as other woodland herbs, and seed‐dispersing ants did not appear dependent on myrmecochore plant communities. Indeed, given the relatively high myrmecochore richness and abundance across our study sites, forest type (e.g., rich cove forest) might better predict myrmecochore success than successional stage.
Whole‐brain metabolic pattern analysis in patients with anti‐leucine‐rich glioma‐inactivated 1 (LGI1) encephalitis
Authors: Mo Jiajie , Dong Wenyu , Cui Tao , Chen Chao , Shi Weixiong , Hu Wenhan , Zhang Chao , Wang Xiu , Zhang Kai , Shao Xiaoqiu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeFaciobrachial dystonic seizures (FBDS) and hyponatremia are the distinct clinical features of autoimmune encephalitis (AE) caused by antibodies against leucine‐rich glioma‐inactivated 1 (LGI1). The present study aims to explore the pathophysiological patterns and neural mechanisms underlying these symptoms.MethodsWe included 30 patients with anti‐LGI1 AE and 30 controls from a retrospective observational cohort. Whole‐brain metabolic pattern analysis was performed to assess the pathological network of anti‐LGI1 AE, as well as the symptom networks associated with FBDS. Logistic regression was applied to explore independent predictors of FBDS. Finally, we used a multiple regression model to investigate the hyponatremia‐associated brain network and its effect on serum sodium levels.ResultsThe pathological network of anti‐LGI1 AE involved hypermetabolism in the cerebellum, subcortical structures and Rolandic area, as well as hypometabolism in the medial prefrontal cortex. The symptom network of FBDS included hypometabolism in the cerebellum and Rolandic area (pFDR <0.05). Hypometabolism in the cerebellum was an independent predictor of FBDS (p < 0.001). Hyponatremia‐associated network highlighted a negative effect on the caudate nucleus, frontal and temporal white matter. The metabolism of the hypothalamus was negatively associated with (Pearson's R = −0.180, p = 0.342), while not the independent predictor for serum sodium level (path c’ = −7.238, 95% confidence interval = −30.947 to 16.472).ConclusionsOur results provide insights into the whole‐brain metabolic patterns of patients with anti‐LGI1 AE, including the symptom network associated with FBDS and the hyponatremia‐associated brain network. The findings help us to understand the neural mechanisms underlying anti‐LGI1 AE and to evaluate the progress of this disease.
Big picture initiatives in bleeding disorders
Authors: Rauch Antoine , Valentino Leonard A. , Mills Kevin , Witkop Michelle L. , Santaella Maria E. , DiMichele Donna , Recht Michael , Susen Sophie 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe inherited bleeding disorders (IBD) community has witnessed significant therapeutic advances recently, yet important gaps persist, particularly for those with rare disorders and historically underserved populations.Aims
To create a national research blueprint agenda, led by the National Hemophilia Foundation (NHF), enhancing patient‐centric principles, accelerate research progress and address important gaps in care.
To review critical gaps that remain to be addressed in women with IBDs, who face specific bleeding challenges.MethodsThe NHF research blueprint research agenda was defined by input from across the community, including caregivers and patients who are considered subject matter experts of their IBD, research leaders, allied health professionals and specialists, and representatives of the biopharmaceutical industry. In addition, two medical experts in the field of IBDs performed a comprehensive review to address the knowledge gaps in women with IBDs.ResultsTwo foundational principles of the NHF blueprint are: (1) it must deliver on key issues that significantly impact the lives of those affected by IBDs, and (2) the priorities defined are relevant and actionable aimed to achieve health equity among all those affected by IBDs. A multidisciplinary approach is necessary for an optimal management of puberty, transition to adulthood and pregnancy. Even if strict guidelines are followed, recent studies show that women with IBDs are still facing a high burden.ConclusionNHF blueprint will be issued in 2022. A specific research agenda is needed in women with IBDs to further improve their management and quality of life.
Into a brave new world: Haemophilia A & von Willebrand Disease Surgery with novel therapies
Authors: Harrison Catherine , Chase Jaime , Fawcett Kathy , Shoemark Robyn , Valderrama Yadira 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionHaemophilia & von Willebrand disease are both recognised inherited bleeding disorders. With increased access to highly efficient and safe replacement and novel therapies, management of surgical interventions in this group can be safely managed by experienced multidisciplinary teams.AimTo review the evidence for managing surgery in the era of novel therapies.MethodWe explore four cases and establish the role of the clinical nurse specialist within the surgical pathway.ResultsAll of these cases evidence the continued important role of both the multidisciplinary planning prior to any surgical interventions in people with bleeding disorders and the key role of the Nurse Specialist in ensuring this plan is then implemented. Key focuses of communication with all parties involved in the patient journey, performing education for the patient, family and wider healthcare team about the underlying bleeding disorder and the importance of time critical medicines being given on time is essential.ConclusionThese cases demonstrate that individuals with bleeding disorders are at risk of developing other rare conditions alongside their life long condition, in addition to comorbidities associated with ageing. Evidence for rare plus rare is likely to be minimal as demonstrated within the cases, and recognition of how to reach out to international peers in the field is important. Sharing complex case management at national & international meetings and in publication has never been so important.
Diagnosis of rare bleeding disorders
Authors: Meijer Karina , van Heerde Waander , Gomez Keith 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRare bleeding disorders result in significant morbidity but are globally underdiagnosed. Advances in genomic testing and specialist laboratory assays have greatly increased the diagnostic armamentarium. This has resulted in the discovery of new genetic causes for rare diseases and a better understanding of the underlying molecular pathology.
Potential drug–drug interactions between antiretroviral drugs and comedications, including dietary supplements, among people living with HIV: A clinical survey
Authors: Tinggaard Michaela , David Kim Peter , Gerstoft Jan , Hansen Ann‐Brit Eg , Kirk Ole , Lebech Anne‐Mette , Lindhardt Bjarne Ørskov , Rose Michala Vaaben , Ryom Lene , Weis Nina , Benfield Thomas 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveAge‐related comorbidities, polypharmacy and thereby the risk of potential drug–drug interactions (PDDIs) among people living with HIV (PLWH) have increased over the years. We estimated the prevalence of comedications, including dietary supplements, and evaluated PDDIs among PLWH receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Denmark in an outpatient setting.MethodsInformation on prescription medication, over‐the‐counter medication and dietary supplements was obtained from adult PLWH receiving ART attending two outpatient clinics in Denmark. The PDDIs were identified using the University of Liverpool's drug interaction database. Associations between PDDIs and relevant variables were compared using logistic regression models.ResultsA total of 337 PLWH receiving ART with a median age of 53 years (interquartile range: 45–61) were included; 77% were male and 96% had a HIV‐RNA viral load < 50 copies/mL. Twenty‐six per cent of participants received five or more comedications and 56% consumed dietary supplements. Co‐administration of drugs requiring dose adjustment or monitoring was identified in the medication lists of 52% of participants, and 4.5% were on drugs that should not be co‐administered. Male sex [odds ratio (OR) = 1.9, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0–3.4], being on a protease inhibitor (OR = 4.3, 95% CI: 1.9–9.7), receiving five or more comedications (OR = 3.3, 95% CI: 1.5–7.2), taking over‐the‐counter medications (OR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.1–3.3) and dietary supplements (OR = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.2–3.3) were independent predictors of PDDIs.ConclusionPotential drug–drug interactions were common among our study population Our study confirms that polypharmacy and being on a protease inhibitor‐based regimen increase the risk of PDDIs considerably and highlights the importance of questioning PLWH about dietary supplement intake.
An extract of Leontopodium alpinum inhibits catagen development ex vivo and increases hair density in vivo
Authors: Campiche Remo , Le Riche Alizée , Edelkamp Janin , Botello Alfonso Fernandez , Martin Emmanuel , Gempeler Mathias , Bertolini Marta 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesHair loss and reduction in hair volume are hallmarks of hair disorders, such as telogen effluvium, or male or female pattern hair loss, and hair ageing, which can cause severe distress in both men and women. Common anti‐hair loss drugs carry some side effects; therefore, novel, safer approaches targeting milder phenotypes are highly advocated. In this context, we investigated an extract of the alpine plant Edelweiss, Leontopodium alpinum var. Helvetia, for its ability to modulate hair follicle (HF) growth ex vivo and inhibit hair loss while increasing hair regeneration in vivo.MethodsHuman amputated HFs were microdissected from three donors, two women and one man, and cultured ex vivo for 6 days. After treatment with 0.001% Edelweiss extract (EWDE), we investigated hair shaft production and anagen/catagen conversion, and measured known parameters associated with hair growth, that is hair matrix keratinocyte proliferation and apoptosis, dermal papilla inductivity, and growth factors, by quantitative (immuno)histomorphometry. To assess the anti‐hair loss potential of the alpine plant compound, we performed a randomized, placebo‐controlled human study enrolling Caucasian women and men, aged 18 to 65 years, with normal hair loss. After 5 months’ daily use of an extract containing leave‐on serum, we analysed hair density and anagen‐to‐catagen/telogen ratio by the Trichogram analysis.ResultsOur results revealed a significant prolongation in the anagen phase in HFs treated with 0.001% Edelweiss, as indicated by an increase in HFs remaining in anagen and a significant decrease in hair cycle score. In line with this effect, EWDE significantly stimulated hair matrix (HM) keratinocyte proliferation, and dermal papilla inductivity, as shown by a significant up‐regulation of versican expression and alkaline phosphatase activity, and a tendential increase in FGF7 immunoreactivity in the dermal papilla of all HFs or only anagen VI HFs. Corroborating the ex vivo results, we observed a significant increase in growing hair shaft numbers (hair density) after treatment with Edelweiss extract formulation, and a tendential up‐regulation in the anagen‐to‐catagen/telogen ratio.ConclusionsWe show here, through several lines of evidence, that the selected extract of the alpine plant Leontopodium alpinum var Helvetia (Edelweiss) inhibits premature catagen induction, possibly by stimulating dermal papilla inductivity. It is therefore worth exploiting this extract clinically as an anti‐hair loss agent, both for preventing ageing‐associated hair shedding and as an adjuvant therapy for hair loss disorders.