bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Motion and Vulnerability in Contemporary Capitalism: The Shift to Turnover Time
Authors: Moody Kim 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In Marx’s analysis of capitalism, time and motion are central to the dynamics of the system. In the twenty-first century, capital deployed new forms of technology and logistical planning to increase profits and reduce the circulation phase of the turnover time of capital. The introduction of fibre optic cable, data centres, the transformation of the warehouse into a site of movement, the rise of third-party logistics (3PL) firms, and improvements in infrastructure all promoted ‘the annihilation of space by time’ in the effort to increase profitability. As increased velocity of value became central to capital, the system in turn became more vulnerable to disruption by labour.
Feminist Action at the Negotiation Table: An Exploration Inside the 2010–2016 Colombian Peace Talks
Authors: Corredor Elizabeth S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Gender mainstreaming and peacemaking are fundamentally about spurring institutional change. Much of the literature on gendering peace negotiations does not explicitly address the institutional nature of these spheres. Using a feminist institutionalist framework, I analyze the 2010–2016 Colombian peace talks to uncover the endogenic formal and informal ‘rules of the game’ that both enabled and constrained feminist work and the eventual incorporation of a gender perspective within the final agreement. I show that Colombia’s exceptional gender perspective in its 2016 peace agreement was due not just to the inclusion of women at the negotiation table but also paradoxically because of and despite continued gendered logics that prioritized the masculine over the feminine. These findings demonstrate that to understand gender mainstreaming outcomes in peace processes we must not simply account for how many women and which women are at the table, but also for the gendered logics of the negotiation space.
Political Economy of the WTO Negotiations: A Game-Theoretic Explanation
Authors: Rastogi Siddhartha K. , Sengupta Anirban 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The 2013 wto Bali package was to be discussed for adoption during the 2014 Geneva meeting. Members were particularly keen on the Trade Facilitation Agreement (tfa), which was supposed to boost world trade and benefit developing countries. However, India surprised all members by withholding its support for tfa and demanding further dialogue on the unrelated issue of food security, which was supposedly settled in Bali with a time-bound peace clause. This action posed an existential challenge to wto. This article explores India’s position through a game-theoretic negotiation framework with rational and indicative payoffs. We assert that India adopted a ‘suicide-bomber’ strategy and succeeded in ‘hostage-taking’ to extract the desired ‘ransom.’ Since India exploited the first-mover advantage, the rest of the world had no better choice than to pay the ransom. This is a Nash equilibrium of dominant strategies but with unequal bargaining power between the two players.
The Future of EU Substantive Criminal Law
Authors: Buisman S.S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
When criminal law became one of the components of the Union’s objectives, the EU obtained explicit substantive criminal law competences. Minimum rules on substantive criminal law facilitate the principle of mutual recognition, allow for the approximation of sanctions and common definitions of certain offences, and make it possible to respond to global challenges. Criminal law could also have serious consequences for the persons involved. The EU legislator should therefore exercise caution when exercising its competences to approximate the substantive criminal law of its Member States. Criminalisation principles offer the legislator an argumentative framework, which can be used to determine whether criminalisation is legitimate and justified. This article aims to introduce a set of uniform set of criminalisation principles at the EU level.
Al-Taftāzānī’s Refutation of Akbarian Metaphysics and the Identification of Absolute Being with the Necessary Being
Authors: Ansari Rosabel 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This article discusses the Ašʿarī theologian Saʿd al-Dīn al-Taftāzānī’s (d. 793/1390) refutation of Akbarian metaphysics and the identification of absolute being (al-wuǧūd al-muṭlaq) with the Necessary Being, i.e. God, in his summa Šarḥ al-Maqāṣid. Al-Taftāzānī argues that the Akbarians are amateur philosophers who misappropriated the philosophical tradition. If absolute being were identified with God, we would not be able to say that anything else is, leading to monism. Instead al-Taftāzānī argues that absolute being is a mind-dependent concept. Al-Taftāzānī’s refutation reveals the contested nature of the Avicennan legacy and the important role of the Akbarian school in its development.
UN Sanctions and Mediation in Sierra Leone
Authors: Amaral Joana 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The UN-imposed sanctions on Sierra Leone began in 1997 after the Revolutionary United Front (RUF) led a coup that forced newly elected president Ahmad Tejan Kabbah into exile. Alongside its peacemaking efforts, the UN Security Council explicitly supported the reinstatement of Kabbah, and its sanctions targeted the RUF by limiting travel and banning the trade of arms, petroleum, and diamonds. This article analyzes whether and how UN sanctions pushed the RUF to negotiate, accept, and implement agreements mediated by the Economic Community of West African States and the UN. Its findings are drawn from the qualitative analysis of official documents, memoirs, and interviews with key negotiators. It adds to the inclusion debate in peace mediation literature by discussing whether the coordinated use of sanctions and mediation can resolve the difficulties inherent in including veto players in peace negotiations.
The tragedy of the Natural History Museum, London
Authors: NAGGS FRED 
Published: July 2022

The remit of the Natural History Museum, London, encompasses the whole of the natural world and places it at the forefront of global concerns about human impact on the biosphere. The Museum’s stature as a world leading institution for storing and recording living diversity brings responsibilities, obligations and new prospects. In addition to revealing the genetic evolution of life in considerable detail, advances in molecular biology and cryogenics offer exciting new opportunities to extend beyond the Museum’s traditional role as a storehouse for recording living diversity and to take a lead in biodiversity conservation.
In its strategy for the coming decade, the Museum has declared a planetary emergency for which we need an unprecedented response, asserting that we must act now, that we must act on scientific evidence and that we must act together. However, the Museum is no longer led by scientists; its relevant expertise and the prioritisation of its collection-based world-leading role is being rapidly dismantled. It has been taken over by an administrative structure and placed under a government Department that have no notion of the importance of this role. Much of the Museum’s activity is no longer led by science intimately connected to its role as a collections-based institution and its public profile is dominated by journalistic presentations from sources that are widely available to a broad range of the media. Inappropriate leadership and recruitment have diverted its science base in directions that place much of its research within the activities of numerous other academic agencies, undermining the reason and justification for the Museum’s existence. The move of about half of the collections and associated scientific staff to a location outside of London is a self-imposed act of institutional vandalism. It will mutilate a national treasure, not only inflicting a massive and permanent financial burden but also irrevocably damaging the Museum’s, cultural identity and function as an integrated collections and research institution. Rather than responding to a planetary emergency, the Museum is tragically descending into irrelevance.
Exercise Oximetry Correlates Better With Exercise-Induced Lactate Increase, than Ankle Brachial Index or Walking Time, in Vascular Claudicants
Authors: Semporé Wendsèndaté Yves , Hersant Jeanne , Ramondou Pierre , Hamel Jean François , Abraham Pierre , Henni Samir 
Published: July 2022

In claudication, the correlation between walking-induced biomarkers and indices of clinical severity (e.g., walking distance or ankle brachial index (ABI)), is fair. We hypothesized that a correlation would be observed between the clinical estimation of ischemia severity with exercise transcutaneous oximetry (Ex-TcpO2) and lactate increase. A prospective study was performed among 377 patients with arterial claudication. We recorded age, sex, ABI, body mass index (BMI), systolic arterial blood pressure (SBP), and glycemia. Capillary blood lactate was measured at rest and 3 min after a constant load treadmill test. We recorded maximum walking time (MWT), heart rate (HRmax), the sum of minimal decrease from oxygen values for buttocks, thighs and calves Ex-TcpO2 (DROPmin), as well as the amplitude of chest-TcpO2 decrease. A multilinear regression model was used to assess the variables associated with lactate increase. BMI, SBP, HRmax, the amplitude of decrease in chest-TcpO2 and DROPmin, but not age, sex, ABI, MWT, diabetes mellitus nor glycemia, were significantly associated to lactate increase in the model. Because it accounts for the severity and diffusion of lower-limb exercise-induced ischemia and detects exercise induced hypoxemia, TcpO2 may be preferable to ABI or MWT to estimate the metabolic consequences of walking in claudicants.
Contrast Media Volume to Creatinine Clearance Ratio in Predicting Nephropathy in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Nie Yabin , Fan Limei , Song Qi , Wu Fenfen 
Published: July 2022

The studies investigated the predictive value of the contrast media volume to creatinine clearance ratio (V/CrCl) for contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) after a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) showed conflicting results and different cut-off values. The objective is to evaluate V/CrCl in the prediction of CIN after PCI. PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library were searched for eligible studies published from inception to November 2020. The optimal cut-off points of V/CrCl for predicting CIN were examined using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The random-effect model was used for analyses. Six studies (8 datasets, 16 899 patients) were included. V/CrCl was associated with CIN (OR = 2.67, 95% CI: 1.88–3.78, P < .001; I2 = 79.3%, Pheterogeneity < .001). V/CrCl was associated with CIN in Asians (OR = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.52–2.98, P = .022; I2 = 68.8%, Pheterogeneity < .001) and Europeans (OR = 3.87, 95% CI: 1.77–8.45, P < .001; I2 = 85.1%, Pheterogeneity = .001). The association between V/CrCl and CIN was observed in the prospective cohort studies (OR = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.42–3.29, P = .009; I2 = 78.9%, Pheterogeneity < .001) and retrospective cohort studies (OR = 3.31, 95% CI: 1.82–6.02, P < .001; I2 = 80.6%, Pheterogeneity < .001). The sensitivity analysis showed the results were robust. V/CrCl is independently associated with an increased risk of CIN. V/CrCl could be considered a reliable predictor for the development of CIN in patients undergoing PCI.
Prognostic significance of serum alkaline phosphatase for all-cause mortality in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A cohort of the hospitalized population
Authors: Liu Lu , Xu Ying , Jia Shanshan , Chen Xiaoping , He Sen 
Published: July 2022

Higher levels of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) as a novel risk factor was recently found associated with mortality in different population, whereas, the relationship remains unknown in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) population. In this study, we hypothesized that increased ALP could predict all-cause mortality in the adult HCM population. In this cohort study, retrospective data from 538 HCM patients consecutively recruited in West China Hospital were collected. Patients were divided into two groups by baseline ALP with 80 IU/L as the cutoff. All-cause mortality was set as the endpoint. Subgroup analysis was conducted in patients with normal liver function. In total, 461 adult HCM patients were included. After a median follow-up of 4.7 years, 91 patients died. Alkaline phosphatase was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality since patients in the higher ALP group had an increased risk (adjusted HR 2.0, 95% CI: 1.3–3.3, P < 0.01) compared with those in the lower ALP group. In subgroup analysis, the relationship was consistent with the overall (adjusted HR: 3.0, 95% CI: 1.7–5.3, P < 0.01 for the higher ALP group). In the Chinese cohort study of HCM patients, serum ALP is independently associated with all-cause mortality. Patients with a measured value above 80 IU/L had an increased risk of all-cause mortality and this cutoff might help with risk stratification in HCM population.
Effect of progressive bridging exercise on weight-bearing during the extension phase of sit-to-stand, and on sit-to-stand ability in individuals with stroke: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Pankheaw Thitinat , Hiengkaew Vimonwan , Bovonsunthonchai Sunee , Tretriluxana Jarugool 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveTo examine the effect of a progressive bridging exercise on force, time, and pressure during the extension phase of sit-to-stand, and on sit-to-stand ability in individuals with stroke.DesignA single-blinded randomised controlled trial.SettingHospital.ParticipantsForty-eight individuals with acute ischemic stroke, not at brainstem and cerebellum, randomly allocated to the intervention ( n = 24) and control ( n = 24) groups. Five participants dropped out during the 2-month follow-up, but they were in the intention-to-treat analysis.Interventions The intervention group undertook a 45-min conventional physiotherapy and a 30-min progressive bridging exercise. The control group received only the conventional exercise.Main measuresPeak vertical ground reaction force, time to peak force, peak foot pressure, and regional peak foot pressure during the extension phase of sit-to-stand, and sitting-to-standing item of the Motor Assessment Scale were assessed before training, after 4-week training, and 2-month follow-up.ResultsThe intervention group showed significantly ( p < 0.001) less difference in peak vertical ground reaction force between feet during the extension phase of sit-to-stand than the control after 4-week training (mean ± standard deviation; intervention, 5.38 ± 3.99; control, 17.1 ± 10.3) and 2-month follow-up (intervention, 6.79 ± 3.84; control, 17.5 ± 9.89), and demonstrated significantly ( p < 0.001) higher score in sit-to-stand than the control after training [mean (interquartile range); intervention, 5 (2-5); control, 2 (1-2)] and follow-up [intervention, 2 (2-5); control, 2 (1-2)]. Both groups demonstrated peak foot pressure on the medial and lateral heels, metatarsals, and hallux regions.Conclusion Progressive bridging exercise improved symmetrical weight bearing during the extension phase of sit-to-stand, consequently enhanced sit-to-stand ability in individuals with stroke.
Prognostic significance of location index in resected T1-sized early-stage non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Kang Seung Wan , Jeong Won Gi , Lee Jong Eun , Oh In-Jae , Song Sang Yun , Lee Byung Chan , Kim Yun-Hyeon 
Published: July 2022

Background While the central location is a known adverse prognostic factor in lung cancer, a precise definition of central lung cancer has not yet emerged. Purpose To determine the prognostic significance of central lung cancer (defined by location index) in resected T1-sized early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Material and Methods Patients with resected T1-sized early-stage NSCLC between 2010 and 2015 at a single tertiary cancer center were retrospectively reviewed. Central lung cancer was defined by a location index of the second tertile or less. Kaplan–Meier analysis with log-rank test and multivariable Cox regression analysis were performed to analyze the relationship between central lung cancer and the prognosis of relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Inter-observer agreement was assessed using Cohen's kappa value and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results Overall, 289 patients (169 men; median age 65 years; interquartile range 58–70 years) were evaluated. Central lung cancer (defined by location index) was adversely associated with RFS ( P = 0.005) and OS ( P = 0.01). Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that central lung cancer was independently associated with poor RFS (adjusted hazard ratio 1.91; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12–3.24; P = 0.017) and OS (adjusted hazard ratio 1.69; 95% CI 1.04–2.74; P = 0.033). Location index demonstrated excellent inter-observer agreement (Cohen's kappa value 0.88; 95% CI 0.82–0.93) with a high ICC (0.98; 95% CI 0.97–0.98). Conclusion Central lung cancer defined by a location index of the second tertile or lower is an independent adverse prognostic factor in resected T1-sized early-stage NSCLC.
Evaluation of epiphora by topical contrast-enhanced CT and MR dacryocystography: which one to choose?
Authors: Singla Avisha , Ballal Sandeep , Guruvaiah Nanditha , Ponnatapura Janardhana 
Published: July 2022

Background Our study aims to compare non-invasive imaging such as topical computed tomography dacryocystography (CTD) and topical magnetic resonance dacryocystography (MRD) in patients with epiphora. Purpose To evaluate the practicability of topical contrast media during helical CTD and topical saline during MRD to reveal obstruction in the nasolacrimal drainage system (NLDS). Material and Methods Twenty participants with nasolacrimal duct obstruction were observed for two years. Ten participants underwent CTD and the other 10 participants underwent MRD. Images were analyzed by two radiologists. Participants were also asked about the level of discomfort of the contrast material versus the saline solution. Results The NLDS was seen on both CTD and MRD. Very good agreement between the two observers (κ value > 0.81) was seen according to the κ statistics. CTD multiplanar and 3D images allowed for precise diagnosis of the point of obstruction whereas, the MRD did not require any contrast material and showed the point of obstruction. Saline was more comfortable for the patients than topical contrast ( P < 0.05). Conclusion Topical CTD and MRD are non-invasive techniques that can visualize the degree and level of obstruction in the NLDS than conventional invasive cannulation dacryocystography. CTD is useful in visualizing the point of obstruction and smaller drainage structures. However, it is a source of ionizing radiation to the lens. The benefit of MRD is that it requires no contrast or radiation; however, it is poor in depicting the bone anatomy and smaller drainage structures. Finally, saline was better tolerated by patients than topical contrast
Use of ileal bypass in the surgical management of two rare cases of ileal-neobladder fistula in patients who underwent radical cystectomy
Authors: Ikeda Yuji , Hamada Madoka , Matsumi Yuki , Sekimoto Mitsugu , Kurokawa Hiroaki , Saito Ryoichi , Sugi Motohiko , Kinoshita Hidefumi 
Published: July 2022

Purpose: An entero-neovesical fistula (ENF) is a rare troublesome complication of an orthotopic ileal bladder substitution. We report on a novel, safe technique to close ileal neovesical fistulas without extensive adhesiolysis using an NK-stapler (ENDOPATH® ENDOCUTTER ETS; Johnson & Johnson, Cincinnati, OH, USA). Patients: We treated two cases of postoperative ENF after orthotopic ileal bladder substitution for radical cystectomy. Case 1 was a 63-year-old male with occasional fecaluria, and Case 2 was a 73-year-old male who experienced continuous fecaluria. Surgical procedure After laparotomy, we mobilized the ascending colon to bypass the anastomosis of the primary surgery by an ileo-ileal, ileo-ascending colon anastomosis. The distance between the fistula and bypass was about 10 cm. We made tunnels in the mesentery between the bypass and fistula, without damaging blood vessels, to insert the jaw of the NK-stapler. We closed the afferent and efferent loops using NK-staplers (45 mm ×2), followed by a Lembert anastomosis covering the stapler’s suture lines. Results: They were discharged on the ninth and seventh postoperative days, respectively. In Case 1, we experienced recanalization of the fistula after three postoperative months and required second closure with the same procedure was needed. They have not experienced any symptoms of ENF since. Conclusions: This technique is worth considering for the surgical treatment of ENF because it does not require unnecessary dissection and can ultimately achieve fistula closure.
Applying User-Centered Design in the Development of a Supportive mHealth App for Women in Substance Use Recovery
Authors: Eaves Emery R. , Doerry Eck , Lanzetta Shana A. , Kruithoff Kathryn M. , Negron Kayla , Dykman Kaitlyn , Thoney Olivia , Harper Calvin C. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose and Approach Women in recovery describe stigma, negative treatment, and limited support as barriers to achieving their health and parenting goals. Mobile health technologies carefully tailored to support the unique needs of recovery communities can provide less burdensome alternatives to in-person services for women transitioning out of substance use treatment. An iterative design process integrated women’s interests into the structure, content, and interaction flow of a mobile health (mHealth) app. Setting and Participants Participants included women in recovery from opioid, alcohol, and polysubstance use disorders in a comprehensive housing program in urban Arizona. Methods Five focus groups with 3–7 participants each (n = 27 total) informed creation of the mHealth app. Informed by theoretical models of usability and person-centered design, development involved an iterative series of focus groups in which we asked women to comment on interest in using each feature. This provided a qualitative priority framework for feature development. We then modified the app and repeated the process to gauge consensus and continually refine our prototype. Results Women were interested in access to resources, such as housing, counseling, and parenting advice in settings known to treat women in recovery with respect. They also asked for positive messages, chatting with peers, and access to expert answers. They were less interested in points-based learning modules and “scored” activities, leading us to develop a “daily challenges” concept that builds good habits, but does not feel like “classwork”. Women’s recommendations shaped an mHealth app tailored to maximize utility, access, and safety for this at-risk population. Conclusion Integration of user-centered design with applied ethnographic techniques guided the development of a custom-tailored mHealth app responsive to lived experiences and needs of women in recovery. Future research should evaluate the potential for user-centered apps to increase self-efficacy, perceived social support, and to reduce risk of relapse.