bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Auswirkungen des Trainings der intrinsischen Fußmuskulatur bei Patienten*innen mit Sprunggelenkinstabilität – ein narrativer Review
Authors: Götz Matthias , Riederer Angela , Richter Robert 
Published: November 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Sprunggelenkdistorsionen stellen eine der häufigsten Verletzungen im Sport dar und können sich als chronische Sprunggelenkinstabilität manifestieren. In der Therapie und Prävention hat sich ein sensomotorischer Trainingsansatz der sprunggelenkumgebenden Strukturen als wirksam erwiesen. Es gibt Hinweise, dass auch ein Training der intrinsischen Fußmuskulatur beispielsweise die Balance verbessern kann.
Ziel Ziel dieses narrativen Reviews ist die Darstellung der Evidenz eines Trainings der intrinsischen Fußmuskulatur bei Patient*innen mit Sprunggelenkinstabilität.
Methode Im Januar 2022 wurde in den Datenbanken PubMed, Cochrane Library, EBSCOhost, PEDro, SPONET und BISp-Surf eine systematische Literaturrecherche durchgeführt, die durch eine Freihandsuche ergänzt wurde. Dabei sollten Metaanalysen, Systematic Reviews und Interventionsstudien inkludiert werden, die Effekte einer Trainingsform der intrinsischen Fußmuskulatur bei Patient*innen mit Sprunggelenkinstabilität untersuchten. Die qualitative Bewertung der Literatur und Evidenz erfolgte anhand des Risk-of-Bias-Tools (RoB-Tool) des Cochrane Handbook sowie angelehnt an das GRADE-System.
Ergebnisse Fünf randomisierte kontrollierte Studien mit insgesamt 150 Proband*innen wurden inkludiert. Vier Studien nutzten die Short-Foot Exercise (SFE), eine Studie die Towel-Curl Exercise (TCE) und eine wandte ein Training der Zehen an. Drei Studien wiesen einen großen, signifikant positiven Effekt (p<0,05) der SFE auf die subjektive Instabilität auf. Die SFE und das Zehentrainingsprogramm hatten signifikant positive Effekte (p<0,05) auf die Balance, wobei die Einbeziehung der SFE in ein Trainingsprogramm zu keinem Vorteil führte. Eine Studie stellte signifikant positive Auswirkungen (p<0,05) der SFE auf die Somatosensibilität fest. Alle 3 Trainingsformen führten zu deutlichen, signifikanten (p<0,05) Verbesserungen funktioneller Aspekte.
Schlussfolgerung Es zeigen sich positive Effekte durch das Training der intrinsischen Fußmuskulatur bei Patient*innen mit Sprunggelenkinstabilität auf die subjektive Instabilität, Balance, Somatosensibilität sowie auf funktionelle Aspekte. Effektive Trainingsformen scheinen die SFE und ein Zehentraining zu sein, diese könnten eine sinnvolle Ergänzung zur konventionellen Therapie darstellen. Die Qualität der Evidenz ist jedoch zu gering, um eine klare Empfehlung aussprechen zu können.
Das Lipödem in Abgrenzung zur Adipositas. Parallelen und Herausforderungen in der Praxis
Authors: Rapprich Stefan , ter Balk Hendrikje , Hirsch Tobias 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungDas Krankheitsbild Lipödem erfährt in den letzten Jahren vermehrte Aufmerksamkeit. Überschneidungen mit der Adipositas machen eine Abgrenzung mitunter schwierig. Diese ist aber für eine differenzierte zielgerichtete Therapie wichtig.
Definition und Klinik Beim Lipödem handelt es sich um eine schmerzhafte, anlagebedingte, übermäßige Fettgewebsvermehrung an den Extremitäten bei Frauen. Das führt zu einer Disproportion der Körpersilhuette. Erste Symptome manifestieren sich häufig in der Pubertät, der Verlauf ist meist progredient. Charakteristische Symptome sind Ruhe- und Druckschmerzen, Hämatomneigung, Spannungs- und Schwellungsgefühle, rasche Ermüdung der Muskulatur und Ödeme, die aber stadienabhängig inkonsistent sind. 25–88 % der Lipödem-Patientinnen leiden gleichzeitig an einer Adipositas.
Prävalenz Je nach Studie 5–9,7 %, entsprechend 2–4 Millionen Frauen in Deutschland.
Ätiologie Es besteht eine familiäre Disposition. Hormonelle Veränderungen sind Triggerfaktoren und lassen auf hormonelle Einflüsse schließen. Im Gewebe findet sich eine leichte chronische Entzündung (Silent Inflammation), welche die Symptomatik erklärt.
Diagnostik Die Diagnosestellung erfolgt klinisch und muss von anderen Fettverteilungsstörungen unterschieden werden. Der BMI ist nicht geeignet. Es sollte der Bauchumfang-Größen-Quotient (BCG = WHtR Waist to Height-Ratio) herangezogen werden.
Therapie interdisziplinärer Therapieansatz, der neben der konservativen Entstauungstherapie, der operativen Therapie mittels Liposuktion auch die Ernährungs-, Bewegungs- und Psychotherapie umfasst.
The Influence of Levothyroxine on Body Composition and Physical
Performance in Subclinical Hypothyroidism
Authors: Hanke Lars , Poeten Pascal , Spanke Leroy , Britz Stephanie , Diel Patrick 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLevothyroxine is commonly used to treat hypothyroidism. This study investigates
how far the intake of L-T4 influences body composition, energy expenditure,
respiratory quotient as well as strength, endurance and mobility in
premenopausal women who suffer from subclinical hypothyroidism. Twenty-five
women (27.36±5.77 years) with subclinical hypothyroidism were included
in the study. The intake of levothyroxine was assumed. Subjects were examined
immediately after study inclusion, after two months of levothyroxine use, and
after TSH was fully adjusted to the reference range. In all measurements TSH,
fT3 and fT4 were determined, body weight, body composition, energy expenditure
and the respiratory quotient were measured, and a test battery was performed to
identify strength, mobility and endurance capacity. TSH decreased from
5.95±0.99 μIU/ml at study inclusion to 1.2±0.33
μIU/ml after final trial. No change in weight, BMI, muscle mass,
fat mass, energy expenditure and respiratory quotient was observed
(p>0.05). A significant improvement in chest press (p=0.002),
leg extension (p<0.001), right-hand grip strength (p=0.009)
shoulder mobility (p<0.001), hip mobility (p=0.07), explosive
strength (p=0.041) and the anaerobic threshold (p=0.13) was
identified. Likewise, a non-significant (p=0.298) increase in left-hand
grip strength could be detected.In summary, although levothyroxine does not
positively affect body composition, energy expenditure and respiratory quotient,
it can improve strength, mobility and endurance performance. For this reason,
treatment with levothyroxine is recommended to improve exercise capacity in
subclinical hypothyroidism.
Desymmetrization of a Propane-1,3-diol to Introduce the Quaternary Chiral Center of an AMG 176 Drug Substance Intermediate
Authors: Faul Margaret M. , Ananthoji Padmini K. , Arunachalampillai Athimoolam , Beaver Matthew G. , Fang Yuan-Qing , Hedley Simon J. , Lucas Brian S. , Tedrow Jason S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA chiral Cu(II)-PyBOX complex was prepared and utilized to accomplish desymmetrization of a 1,3-diol en route to AMG 176. An expedient synthesis of the racemic 1,3-diol is described, in addition to efforts for rapid optimization and subsequent kilogram-scale execution of the desymmetrization process to generate material for pre-clinical activities. An overview of the kilogram-scale synthesis of the Cu(II)-PyBOX complex is provided.
Gestational Choriocarcinoma Manifesting as Spontaneous Hemothorax in Third Trimester of Pregnancy: A Case Report
Authors: Devaraj Suma , Panda Soumya Surath , Sahu Debasish , Mohapatra Debahuti , Agarwal Beena Devi , Biswas Ghanashyam , Moharana Lalatendu , Kilaru Sindhu , Kolluri Spoorthy 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) is an aggressive malignancy arising from the trophoblastic tissue. It is rarely seen in association with advanced intrauterine pregnancy. Most common manifestations are due to bleeding caused by the rich vascularity of trophoblastic tissue. We describe here a case of a 28-year-old female patient who presented to us at 32 weeks of pregnancy with sudden onset dyspnea and hemodynamic instability. On evaluation, imaging techniques revealed a gross left hemothorax requiring intercostal tube insertion for stabilization. Emergency thoracotomy and hemothorax drainage were performed wherein a tumor mass in the lower lobe of left lung was identified and resected. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of choriocarcinoma. Beta HCG levels were found to be elevated. Final diagnosis of a FIGO stage IV high-risk gestational choriocarcinoma was made. Following this, six cycles of multi-agent EMA-CO chemotherapy was administered to the patient. Patient had an excellent response to treatment with documented serial fall in β HCG levels and she continues to be in remission after 6 months of follow-up. In conclusion, in the circumstance of any pregnant women presenting with abnormal bleeding symptoms such as hemothorax, choriocarcinoma as a cause should be considered for early diagnosis and effective management.
Surgical and Interventional Management of Lung Metastasis: Surgical Assessment, Resection, Ablation, Percutaneous Interventions
Authors: Stefanou Amalia J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe lungs are the second most common site of metastases for colorectal cancer after the liver. Pulmonary metastases can be identified at the time of diagnosis of the primary tumor, or metachronously. About 20% of patients with colorectal cancer will develop pulmonary metastases. The best options for treatment include a multidisciplinary treatment approach consisting of surgical resection whenever possible, and chemotherapy. Surgical options most often include minimally invasive segmentectomy or wedge resection, while patients unable to have surgery may benefit from radio frequency ablation or radiation treatment. Prognosis is dependent on preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen level, number, and location of metastatic lesions, and resectability of primary tumor. Overall, pulmonary metastases are best treated by complete resection whenever possible.
Automorphic scalar fields in two-dimensional de Sitter space
Authors: Higuchi Atsushi , Schmieding Lasse , Blanco David Serrano 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We study non-interacting automorphic quantum scalar fields with positive mass in two-dimensional de Sitter space. We find that there are no Hadamard states which are de Sitter invariant except in the periodic case, extending the result of Epstein and Moschella for the anti-periodic case. We construct the two-point Wightman functions for the non-Hadamard de Sitter-invariant states by exploiting the fact that they are functions of the geodesic distance between the two points satisfying an ordinary differential equation. We then examine a certain Hadamard state, which is not de Sitter invariant, and show that it is approximately a thermal state with the Gibbons–Hawking temperature when restricted to a static region of the spacetime.
Gamma ray detection: building a didactic proposal
Authors: Faletič Sergej , Michelini Marisa , Santi Lorenzo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A simple and economic scintillator kit in combination with a computer-based oscilloscope was used to develop a learning experience, comprised of a set of activities to introduce students in an interactive way to the physics of gamma-ray detection. The proposal for secondary school and university students is built by means of frequent on-the-fly formative assessment to collect difficulties of students and ways to overcome them. Internal decays of Lutetium–yttrium oxyorthosilicate (LYSO) crystals already present in the scintillator kit are used as sources of gamma rays, so no external sources were needed. In addition, the use of LYSO crystals offers a reason to discuss coincidence measurements, because of the inherent beta background present in the internal decay, which can be at least partially removed with coincidence measurements. The goal of the learning experience is to experience how gamma-ray detection is actually done, discussing the physics involved, motivated by the current frontline research on the detection of gamma-ray bursts.
Global Lipschitz stability of multiple space dependent ionic parameters for the MEA/hiPSC-CM assays
Authors: Ammar Hamza , Mahjoub Moncef , Zemzemi Nejib 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we consider an inverse problem of determining two space dependent ionic parameters of a strongly coupled parabolic-elliptic reaction–diffusion system arising in cardiac electrophysiology modeling when simulating drugs action with multi-electrode array/human induced pluripotent stem cells-cardiomyocytes assays. We use the bidomain model coupled to an ordinary differential equation and we consider the classical phenomenological model in cardiac electrophysiology of FitzHugh–Nagumo to describe the ionic exchanges at the microscopic level. Our main result is the uniqueness and a Lipschitz stability estimate for two ionic parameters

(
k
,
γ
)

of the model using sub-boundary observations over an interval of time. The key ingredients are a global Carleman-type estimates with a suitable observations acting on a part of the boundary.
Error estimates for Golub–Kahan bidiagonalization with Tikhonov regularization for ill–posed operator equations
Authors: Alqahtani A , Ramlau R , Reichel L 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Linear ill-posed operator equations arise in various areas of science and engineering. The presence of errors in the operator and the data often makes the computation of an accurate approximate solution difficult. In this paper, we compute an approximate solution of an ill-posed operator equation by first determining an approximation of the operators of generally fairly small dimension by carrying out a few steps of a continuous version of the Golub–Kahan bidiagonalization process to the noisy operator. Then Tikhonov regularization is applied to the low-dimensional problem so obtained and the regularization parameter is determined by solving a low-dimensional nonlinear equation. The effect of the errors incurred in each step of the solution process is analyzed. Computed examples illustrate the theory presented.
A generalized adaptive Levenberg–Marquardt method for solving nonlinear ill-posed problems
Authors: Gao Guangyu , Han Bo , Long Haie 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We investigate the method of regularization for the stable approximate solution to nonlinear ill-posed problems whose forward operators may not be Gâteaux differentiable. The method is designed by combining the classical Levenberg–Marquardt method with the two-point gradient iteration, and the adaptive stepsize which is related to the Tikhonov regularization parameter and the structure of the forward operator. In order to further enhance the acceleration effect, we employ a modified discrete backtracking search algorithm to determine the combination parameters involved. With the help of the concept of asymptotic stability and a generalized tangential cone condition, the convergence analysis of the proposed method is studied. Moreover, several numerical experiments are performed to illustrate the effectiveness and acceleration effect.
On block accelerations of quantile randomized Kaczmarz for corrupted systems of linear equations
Authors: Cheng Lu , Jarman Benjamin , Needell Deanna , Rebrova Elizaveta 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
With the growth of large data as well as large-scale learning tasks, the need for efficient and robust linear system solvers is greater than ever. The randomized Kaczmarz method (RK) and similar stochastic iterative methods have received considerable recent attention due to their efficient implementation and memory footprint. These methods can tolerate streaming data, accessing only part of the data at a time, and can also approximate the least squares solution even if the system is affected by noise. However, when data is instead affected by large (possibly adversarial) corruptions, these methods fail to converge, as corrupted data points draw iterates far from the true solution. A recently proposed solution to this is the quantileRK method, which avoids harmful corrupted data by exploring the space carefully as the method iterates. The exploration component requires the computation of quantiles of large samples from the system and is computationally much heavier than the subsequent iteration update. In this paper, we propose an approach that better uses the information obtained during exploration by incorporating an averaged version of the block Kaczmarz method. This significantly speeds up convergence, while still allowing for a constant fraction of the equations to be arbitrarily corrupted. We provide theoretical convergence guarantees as well as experimental supporting evidence. We also demonstrate that the classical projection-based block Kaczmarz method cannot be robust to sparse adversarial corruptions, but rather the blocking has to be carried out by averaging one-dimensional projections.
Modeling and electromechanical performance of improved smart aggregates using piezoelectric stacks
Authors: Xu Huaibing , Wen Lijie , Wang Jianjun , Li Weijie , Lan Chengming 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Smart aggregates (SAs) are often formed by embedding lead zirconate titanate (PZT) patches into concrete or marble blocks. They not only have the advantages of low cost, quick response, high reliability, and long service life, but also possess comprehensive actuating and sensing abilities, and have been widely used in structural health monitoring in the field of civil engineering. However, due to the plate-like geometry of the PZT patch and the limited number of layers, SAs have a relatively short sensing range. To solve this issue, a new type of SA using piezoelectric stacks was developed. Theoretical modeling of this new transducer was established, and prototypes were fabricated. Comparisons between the theoretical predictions and the experimental results are presented, and good agreement can be found. The effects of the key parameters, including the total height of the specimen, the elastic modulus of the cement, the radius of the piezoelectric stack, the thickness of the piezoelectric layer, and the number of piezoelectric layers in the piezoelectric stack, on the electromechanical properties were analyzed, and the guidelines for optimal design were presented. In addition, the improved and the traditional SAs were used to monitor the water content in soil specimens based on the electromechanical impedance technique. The results showed that the improved SAs using piezoelectric stacks are more sensitive than the traditional ones, and have good potential in structural health monitoring in the field of civil engineering.
Intrinsic anomalous Hall conductivity and real space Berry curvature induced topological Hall effect in Ni2MnGa magnetic shape memory alloy
Authors: Singh Anupam K , Shukla Gaurav K , Singh Sanjay 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Anomalous and topological Hall effect (THE) are the fascinating electronic transport properties in condensed matter physics and received tremendous interest in the field of spintronics. Here, we report the intrinsic anomalous Hall conductivity (AHC) and THE in the bulk Ni2MnGa magnetic shape memory alloy. The magnetization measurement reveals the premartensite, martensite and magnetic phase transitions. A detailed analysis of AHC reveals that the intrinsic Berry phase mechanism dominates over skew scattering and side jump in all the structural phases of Ni2MnGa. Further, an additional contribution in the Hall resistivity is observed as THE. The magnitude of the THE and its temperature independent behavior indicates that the THE arises due to the real space Berry curvature induced by topologically protected magnetic skyrmion textures in the martensite and premartensite phases of Ni2MnGa. The larger magnetic field is required to vanish the topological Hall resistivity in the martensite phase in comparison to the premartensite phase, which manifests the more stable skyrmion textures in the martensite phase. The present findings open a new direction in the field of functional materials, which hosts skyrmion, exhibits anomalous transport and magnetic shape memory effect.
Fractional analytic QCD beyond leading order
Authors: Kotikov A V , Zemlyakov I A 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Fractional analytic QCD is constructed beyond leading order using the standard inverse logarithmic expansion. It is shown that, contrary to the usual QCD coupling constant, for which this expansion can be used only for large values of its argument, in the case of analytic QCD, the inverse logarithmic expansion is applicable for all values of the argument of the analytic coupling constant. We present four different views, two of which are based primarily on Polylogarithms and generalized Euler ζ-functions, and the other two are based on dispersion integrals. The results obtained up to the 5th order of perturbation theory, have a compact form and do not contain complex special functions that were used to solve this problem earlier. As an example, we apply our results to study the polarized Bjorken sum rule, which is currently measured very accurately.
Effect of strain on the electronic and optical properties of (non-)metal adsorbed NbS2 monolayer
Authors: Ni JunJie , Yang Lu , Zheng Wei , Bao Jinlin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper investigated the performance changes brought about by the adsorption of metal and non-metal atoms on monolayer NbS2. First-principles found that the adsorption of non-metallic atoms on the monolayer NbS2 significantly changed the surface structure, with non-metallic atoms other than F intercalated into the upper S atoms. Among them, the F atom adsorption modification system changed the metallic properties of NbS2 and tended to transform into a semiconductor. Fe and Co atoms effectively change the real part of the dielectric constant, transforming NbS2 into a metamaterial. The adsorption of noble metal atoms can improve the activity of the material. Furthermore, F(Fe, Co) atoms can induce p(n)-type doping by adjusting strain. N adsorption expands the system’s electromagnetic wave absorption range and improves the material’s electrical conductivity. O and Pt adsorption significantly enhanced the polarizability and photoresponse of the material, resulting in enhanced photocatalytic activity.
Application of ALARP cost-benefit analysis to hospital-based radiation protection
Authors: Kotre C J 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The UK Ionising Radiations Regulations 2017 require employers to restrict radiation doses to their employees and the public to be as low as reasonably practicable (ALARP). This article looks at the boundary between what might be considered to be reasonable and unreasonable in protecting staff and the general public in the field of hospital-based diagnostic radiology. Guidance on cost-benefit analysis in support of ALARP has been used to formulate relationships for the estimation of the cost at which a radiation protection intervention is no longer ALARP. These relationships allow for a direct link between a reduction in radiation exposure and the maximum reasonable ALARP cost of intervention. Application of the approach to hospital-based radiation protection situations show that the ALARP cost limits for protecting radiation workers against the residual risks in the hospital environment are relatively low. Conversely, the ALARP limit to investment in public dose reduction by means of reducing patient doses can be very high.