bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KSR2-14–3-3ζ complex serves as a biomarker and potential therapeutic target in sorafenib-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Gao Chao , Wang Si-wei , Lu Jia-cheng , Chai Xiao-qiang , Li Yuan-cheng , Zhang Peng-fei , Huang Xiao-yong , Cai Jia-bin , Zheng Yi-min , Guo Xiao-jun , Shi Guo-ming , Ke Ai-wu , Fan Jia 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Kinase suppressor of Ras 2 (KSR2) is a regulator of MAPK signaling that is overactivated in most hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We sought to determine the role of KSR2 in HCC pathogenesis.

Methods
We tested the level of KSR2 in HCC tissues and cell lines by tissue microarray, qPCR, and western blotting. Functionally, we determined the effects of KSR2 on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells through colony formation assays, scratch assays, transwell migration assays, and xenograft tumor models. Co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) experiments were used to assess the interaction of phospho-serine binding protein 14–3-3ζ and KSR2, and the effects of this interaction on growth and proliferation of human HCC cells were tested by co-overexpression and knockdown experiments. Additionally, we used flow cytometry to examine whether the KSR2 and 14–3-3ζ interaction conveys HCC resistance to sorafenib.

Results
KSR2 was significantly upregulated in HCC tissues and cell lines, and high KSR2 expression associated with poor prognosis in HCC patients. KSR2 knockdown significantly suppressed HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, co-IP experiments identified that 14–3-3ζ complexed with KSR2, and elevated 14–3-3ζ increased KSR2 protein levels in HCC cells. Importantly, Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed that patients with both high KSR2 and high 14–3-3ζ expression levels had the shortest survival times and poorest prognoses. Interestingly, HCC cells overexpressing both KSR2 and 14–3-3ζ, rather than either protein alone, showed hyperactivated MAPK signaling and resistance to sorafenib.

Conclusions
Our results provide new insights into the pro-tumorigenic role of KSR2 and its regulation of the MAPK pathway in HCC. The KSR2–14–3-3ζ interaction may be a therapeutic target to enhance the sorafenib sensitivity of HCC.
Impact of CEO attributes on corporate reputation, financial performance, and corporate sustainable growth: evidence from India
Authors: Mukherjee Tutun , Sen Som Sankar 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article investigates the impact of CEO attributes on corporate reputation, financial performance, and corporate sustainable growth in India. Using static panel data methodology for a sample of NSE listed leading 138 non-financial companies over the time-frame 2011 to 2018, we find that CEO remuneration and tenure maintains significant positive associations with corporate reputation, while duality and CEO busyness are found to be associated with corporate reputation negatively. The results also show that female CEOs and CEO remuneration are associated with corporate financial performance positively, whereas CEO busyness, as expected, holds a significant negative relationship with corporate financial performance. Moreover, the results demonstrate that CEO age is associated with corporate sustainable growth negatively, while tenure appears to have a significant and positive association with corporate sustainable growth. The results are robust to various tests and suggest that in the Indian context, demographic and job-specific attributes of CEOs exert significant influence on corporate reputation, financial performance, and corporate sustainable growth. The empirical findings would provide a basis for the shareholders and companies to identify areas of consideration when appointing CEOs and determining their roles and responsibilities.
Radiolabeled nanomaterials for biomedical applications: radiopharmacy in the era of nanotechnology
Authors: Pijeira Martha Sahylí Ortega , Viltres Herlys , Kozempel Jan , Sakmár Michal , Vlk Martin , İlem-Özdemir Derya , Ekinci Meliha , Srinivasan Seshasai , Rajabzadeh Amin Reza , Ricci-Junior Eduardo , Alencar Luciana Magalhães Rebelo , Al Qahtani Mohammed , Santos-Oliveira Ralph 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundRecent advances in nanotechnology have offered new hope for cancer detection, prevention, and treatment. Nanomedicine, a term for the application of nanotechnology in medical and health fields, uses nanoparticles for several applications such as imaging, diagnostic, targeted cancer therapy, drug and gene delivery, tissue engineering, and theranostics.ResultsHere, we overview the current state-of-the-art of radiolabeled nanoparticles for molecular imaging and radionuclide therapy. Nanostructured radiopharmaceuticals of technetium-99m, copper-64, lutetium-177, and radium-223 are discussed within the scope of this review article.ConclusionNanoradiopharmaceuticals may lead to better development of theranostics inspired by ingenious delivery and imaging systems. Cancer nano-theranostics have the potential to lead the way to more specific and individualized cancer treatment.Graphical abstract
Patient reported outcomes in genital gender-affirming surgery: the time is now
Authors: Agochukwu-Mmonu Nnenaya , Radix Asa , Zhao Lee , Makarov Danil , Bluebond-Langner Rachel , Fendrick A. Mark , Castle Elijah , Berry Carolyn 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTransgender and non-binary (TGNB) individuals often experience gender dysphoria. TGNB individuals with gender dysphoria may undergo genital gender-affirming surgery including vaginoplasty, phalloplasty, or metoidioplasty so that their genitourinary anatomy is congruent with their experienced gender. Given decreasing social stigma and increasing coverage from private and public payers, there has been a rapid increase in genital gender-affirming surgery in the past few years. As the incidence of genital gender-affirming surgery increases, a concurrent increase in the development and utilization of patient reported outcome measurement tools is critical. To date, there is no systematic way to assess and measure patients’ perspectives on their surgeries nor is there a validated measure to capture patient reported outcomes for TGNB individuals undergoing genital gender-affirming surgery. Without a systematic way to assess and measure patients’ perspectives on their care, there may be fragmentation of care. This fragmentation may result in challenges to ensure patients’ goals are at the forefront of shared- decision making. As we aim to increase access to surgical care for TGNB individuals, it is important to ensure this care is patient-centered and high-quality. The development of patient-reported outcomes for patients undergoing genital gender-affirming surgery is the first step in ensuring high quality patient-centered care. Herein, we discuss the critical need for development of validated patient reported outcome measures for transgender and non-binary patients undergoing genital reconstruction. We also propose a model of patient-engaged patient reported outcome measure development.
Fungal and oomycete pathogens and heavy metals: an inglorious couple in the environment
Authors: Gajewska Joanna , Floryszak-Wieczorek Jolanta , Sobieszczuk-Nowicka Ewa , Mattoo Autar , Arasimowicz-Jelonek Magdalena 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHeavy metal (HM) contamination of the environment is a major problem worldwide. The rate of global deposition of HMs in soil has dramatically increased over the past two centuries and there of facilitated their rapid accumulation also in living systems. Although the effects of HMs on plants, animals and humans have been extensively studied, yet little is known about their effects on the (patho)biology of the microorganisms belonging to a unique group of filamentous eukaryotic pathogens, i.e., fungi and oomycetes. Much of the literature concerning mainly model species has revealed that HM stress affects their hyphal growth, morphology, and sporulation. Toxicity at cellular level leads to disturbance of redox homeostasis manifested by the formation of nitro-oxidative intermediates and to the induction of antioxidant machinery. Despite such adverse effects, published data is indicative of the fact that fungal and oomycete pathogens have a relatively high tolerance to HMs in comparison to other groups of microbes such as bacteria. Likely, these pathogens may harbor a network of detoxification mechanisms that ensure their survival in a highly HM-polluted (micro)habitat. Such a network may include extracellular HMs immobilization, biosorption to cell wall, and/or their intracellular sequestration to proteins or other ligands. HMs may also induce a hormesis-like phenomenon allowing the pathogens to maintain or even increase fitness against chemical challenges. Different scenarios linking HMs stress and modification of the microorganisms pathogenicity are disscused in this review.
Impact of a health services innovation university program in a major public hospital and health service: a mixed methods evaluation
Authors: Martin Elizabeth , Fisher Olivia , Merlo Gregory , Zardo Pauline , Barrimore Sally E. , Rowland Jeffrey , Davies Janet M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
While health services and their clinicians might seek to be innovative, finite budgets, increased demands on health services, and ineffective implementation strategies create challenges to sustaining innovation. These challenges can be addressed by building staff capacity to design cost-effective, evidence-based innovations, and selecting appropriate implementation strategies. A bespoke university award qualification and associated program of activities was developed to build the capacity of staff at Australia’s largest health service to implement and evaluate evidence-based practice (EBP): a Graduate Certificate in Health Science majoring in Health Services Innovation. The aim of this study was to establish the health service’s pre-program capacity to implement EBP and to identify preliminary changes in capacity that have occurred as a result of the Health Services Innovation program.

Methods
A mixed methods design underpinned by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research informed the research design, data collection, and analysis. Data about EBP implementation capacity aligned to the framework constructs were sought through qualitative interviews of university and health service executives, focus groups with students, and a quantitative survey of managers and students. The outcomes measured were knowledge of, attitudes towards, and use of EBP within the health service, as well as changes to practice which students identified had resulted from their participation in the program.

Results
The Health Services Innovation program has contributed to short-term changes in health service capacity to implement EBP. Participating students have not only increased their individual skills and knowledge, but also changed their EPB culture and practice which has ignited and sustained health service innovations and improvements in the first 18 months of the program. Capacity changes observed across wider sections of the organization include an increase in connections and networks, use of a shared language, and use of robust implementation science methods such as stakeholder analyses.

Conclusion
This is a unique study that assessed data from all stakeholders: university and health service executives, students, and their managers. By assembling multiple perspectives, we identified that developing the social capital of the organization through delivering a full suite of capacity-building initiatives was critical to the preliminary success of the program.
Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer With CNS Metastasis: Disparities From a Real-World Analysis (GBOT-LACOG 0417)
Authors: Coelho Juliano Cé , de Souza Carvalho Giselle , Chaves Fabio , de Marchi Pedro , de Castro Jr Gilberto , Baldotto Clarissa , Mascarenhas Eldsamira , Pacheco Patricia , Gomes Rafaela , Werutsky Gustavo , Araujo Luiz H. 
Published: April 2022

PURPOSE Despite the advances in the approach to non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with CNS metastasis, access to timely diagnosis and treatment may not be optimal in many instances. Our main objective was to describe a cohort of patients with NSCLC with brain metastases from public and private cancer centers, and the differences between patients' presentation, treatment, and outcomes. METHODS GBOT-LACOG 0417 is a multi-institutional retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with NSCLC and CNS metastasis in Brazil. All patients had confirmed diagnosis of NSCLC between January 2010 and December 2015. CNS metastases were identified by imaging. RESULTS A total of 273 patients were included. Patients treated at public institutions were more often Black or Brown (38.8% v 15.4%), current or former smoker (88.6% v 60.0%), of squamous cell histology (25.0% v 9.1%), EGFR- and ALK-negative (95.9% v 74.9%), and were less frequently assessed by using brain magnetic resonance imaging (38.8% v 83.6%). At public institutions, patients were more often symptomatic (78.1% v 44.6%) and had worse performance status (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group 2 or higher 61.5% v 10.3%). CNS metastases were larger (median size 25 v 15 mm) and more often surrounded by edema (67.7% v 55.2%) at public institutions. Patients at public institutions were more frequently treated with whole-brain radiation therapy (72.9% v 45.4%) and less frequently with radiosurgery (6.3% v 24.1%). Among patients from private care, median overall survival was 24.2 months (95% CI, 20.0 to 30.6), significantly higher than in public care (median 12.1 months; 95% CI, 6.7 to 13.6; P < .001). CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate the discrepancy between public and private health care system in the critical setting of patients with CNS metastasis from NSCLC.
Oblique ion-acoustic solitary waves in anisotropic plasma with Tsallis distribution
Authors: Khalid Muhammad 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The nonlinear propagation of ion-acoustic (IA) solitary waves (SWs) is studied in a magnetized electron-ion (EI) plasma in the presence of pressure anisotropy with Tsallis distribution. The energy integral equation is derived by employing the Sagdeev approach. The present model supports only positive potential nonlinear structures. The effect of relevant plasma parameters on the characteristics of IA solitary structures is investigated. The present investigation could be useful in space and astrophysical plasma systems.
Tumor-induced Osteomalacia: A Systematic Review and Individual Patient’s Data Analysis
Authors: Rendina Domenico , Abate Veronica , Cacace Giuseppe , D’Elia Lanfranco , De Filippo Gianpaolo , Del Vecchio Silvana , Galletti Ferruccio , Cuocolo Alberto , Strazzullo Pasquale 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Context
Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome, usually caused by small, benign, and slow-growing phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors. Clinically, TIO is characterized by renal phosphate leak, causing hypophosphatemia and osteomalacia. This review was performed to assess the clinical characteristics of TIO patients described worldwide so far.

Evidence Acquisition
On June 26, 2021, a systematic search was performed in Medline, Google Scholar, Google book, and Cochrane Library using the terms: “tumor induced osteomalacia,” “oncogenic osteomalacia,” “hypophosphatemia.” There were no language restrictions. This review was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria.

Evidence Results
Overall, 1725 TIO cases were collected. TIO was more frequent in adult men, who showed a higher incidence of fractures compared with TIO women. The TIO-causing neoplasms were identified in 1493 patients. The somatostatin receptor-based imaging modalities have the highest sensitivity for the identification of TIO-causing neoplasms. TIO-causing neoplasms were equally located in bone and soft tissues; the latter showed a higher prevalence of fractures and deformities. The surgery is the preferred TIO definitive treatment (successful in &gt; 90% of patients). Promising nonsurgical therapies are treatments with burosumab in TIO patients with elevated fibroblast growth factor-23 levels, and with radiolabeled somatostatin analogs in patients with TIO-causing neoplasm identified by somatostatin receptor-based imaging techniques.

Conclusion
TIO occurs preferentially in adult men. The TIO clinical expressiveness is more severe in men as well as in patients with TIO-causing neoplasms located in soft tissues. Treatments with burosumab and with radiolabeled somatostatin analogs are the most promising nonsurgical therapies.
Relating Period and Cohort Fertility
Authors: Schoen Robert 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
From a population perspective, the trajectories of both the total fertility at successive time periods and the total fertility of successive birth cohorts are derived from the same array of age-specific fertility rates. This analysis uses the assumption of constant age-specific fertility proportions to derive new explicit relationships between period and cohort fertility. In short, period total fertility is approximately equal to the total fertility of the cohort born a generation earlier, with a modest additive adjustment. A simple relationship also links both period and cohort total fertility to ACF, the average fertility of the childbearing cohorts in a given year. Assuming that fertility levels follow a cubic curve, cohort values from the derived relationships are then compared to observed cohort fertility values for the United States in 1917–2019. Despite substantial violations of the constant proportional fertility assumption, the calculated values deviate from the observed values by an average of only 7–8%. Short-term projections suggest that U.S. cohort fertility will continue to decline.
Zhen 眞 as the Ideal of Landscape Painting in Bifaji 筆法記
Authors: Kang Yoewool 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Bifaji 筆法記 by Jing Hao 荊浩 (ca. 855–915) is one of the most critical writings on painting in the Chinese art tradition. It reflects the shifting artistic trends of the late Tang and Five Dynasties periods from portraits to landscapes and from color to ink and wash. The emphasis on zhen (眞, “genuineness”) as an aesthetic goal in Bifaji is an essential feature in its discourse on the nature of painting. This essay explores the concept of zhen as an ideal state of pictorial reality in Bifaji. Illuminating the meaning of zhen is vital to understanding Jing Hao's and his contemporaries' artistic aspirations. Considering its aesthetic connotations reveals zhen in Bifaji to be multivalent, involving a number of qualities required for the creation of a landscape painting, from the observation of nature to the method of brush technique. To elucidate the aesthetic ideals of Bifaji, this paper examines the relationship between the concept of zhen and other key terms such as qiyun (氣韻, “character”), qishi (氣勢, “dynamic configuration”), and xiang (象, “image”) along with the additional conceptual layer of qi applied in the Six Essentials (Liuyao 六要) and the Four Forces (Sishi 四勢).
The Diversity of Confucianism in the Southern Song Dynasty: A Comparative Study of Zhu Xi's and Zhang Shi's Views on Taiji and Human Nature
Authors: Li Lizhu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Zhang Shi 張栻 (1133–80), a Confucian scholar of the Southern Song dynasty, has been considered as yielding to Zhu Xi's 朱熹 (1130–1200) ideas in most cases, his own thought exhibiting no specific features. This essay is an attempt to examine the differences between Zhu Xi's and Zhang Shi's supreme pivot (taiji 太極) and nature (xing 性) theories. The features of Zhang Shi's thought and his influence on the neo-Confucianism of the Southern Song dynasty should be reexamined. Some contemporary scholars, including Zhang Shi, have been ignored to a certain degree since Zhu Xi was praised as the representative scholar of neo-Confucianism. This study shows the diversity of neo-Confucianism in the Southern Song dynasty.
The effects of soft and rough substrates on suction-based adhesion
Authors: Huie Jonathan M. , Summers Adam P. 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
The northern clingfish (Gobiesox maeandricus) has a suction-based adhesive disc that can stick to incredibly rough surfaces, a challenge for stiff commercial suction cups. Both clingfish discs and bioinspired suction cups have stiff cores but flexible edges that can deform to overcome surface irregularities. Compliant surfaces are common in nature and technical settings, but performance data for fish and commercial cups are gathered from stiff surfaces. We quantified the interaction between substrate compliance, surface roughness and suction performance for the northern clingfish, commercial suction cups and three biomimetic suction cups with disc rims of varying compliance. We found that all cups stick better on stiffer substrates and worse on more compliant ones, as indicated by peak stress values. On compliant substrates, surface roughness had little effect on adhesion, even for commercial cups that normally fail on hard, rough surfaces. We propose that suction performance on compliant substrates can be explained in part by effective elastic modulus, the combined elastic modulus from a cup–substrate interaction. Of all the tested cups, the biomimetic cups performed the best on compliant surfaces, highlighting their potential to be used in medical and marine geotechnical fields. Lastly, we discuss the overmolding technique used to generate the bioinspired cups and how it is an important tool for studying biology.
Sensitivity of PCR analysis (melting curve method) in diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) based on Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) by bronchoscope
Authors: Wei Jun , Sun Jun , Shuai Xuefen , Ren Junqing , Chen Xuedong 
Published: April 2022

Objectives: To evaluate the sensitivity of the real-time PCR assay melting curve method in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) by analyzing bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) obtained from bronchoscopy.
Methods: A total of 214 PTB patients who were treated at Xuancheng People’s Hospital respiratory and infection department during January 2018 to January 2021 were included in this study. Bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) examined by polymerase chain reaction (melting curve method), BALF smear, BALF culture, lipoarabinomannan (LAM) antigen test for diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) (LAM-TB), acid-fast stain (AFS), and serum adenosine deaminase (ADA) test were conducted respectively to compare their positive predictive values (PPVs).
Results: Of the 214 patients with confirmed PTB, 84.11% were BALF melting curve method positive, significantly higher than the positive results yielded by other PTB screening tests, i.e., LAM-TB (69.16%), AFS (51.87%), ADA (49.07%), BALF culture (62.15%), and BALF smear (41.12%) (p<0.05, respectively). The PPVs were increased to 92.06%, 93.93%, 92.99%, 95.79%, and 91.12% when BALF melting curve method was performed in combination with LAM-TB, AFS, ADA, BALF culture, and BALF smear, respectively, significantly higher than that produced by BALF melting curve method or the combined use of any two of the non-BALF melting curve method tests (p<0.05, respectively).
Conclusion: BALF melting curve method is an ideal diagnostic approach to PTB, which is of a higher diagnostic value compared with LAM-TB, AFS, ADA, BALF culture, and BALF smear.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.5.5480
How to cite this:Wei J, Sun J, Shuai X, Ren J, Chen X. Sensitivity of PCR analysis (melting curve method) in diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) based on Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) by bronchoscope. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.5.5480
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