bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of the prognostic model based on autophagy-associated genes in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Fan Guoqing , Liu Jingjing , Wu Zhen , Li Caiyu , Zhang Ying 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive interstitial lung disease. Many studies suggest that autophagy may be related to disease progression and prognosis in IPF. However, the mechanisms involved have not been fully elucidated.MethodsWe incorporated 232 autophagy-associated genes (AAGs) and two datasets, GSE28042 and GSE27957, from the GEO database. Univariate Cox analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression were used to construct the autophagy-associated prognostic model. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed to investigate the functions of these autophagy-associated genes. CIBERSORT algorithm was used to calculate the immune cell infiltration between patients in the high-risk score and low-risk score groups. Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to explore the mRNA expression of five genes in the autophagy-associated risk model.ResultsWe constructed a 5-autophagy-associated genes signature based on Univariate Cox analysis and LASSO regression. In our autophagy-associated risk model, IPF patients in the high-risk group demonstrated a poor overall survival rate compared to patients in the low-risk group. For 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates, the AUC predictive value of the AAG signature was 0.670, 0.787, and 0.864, respectively. These results were validated in the GSE27957 cohort, confirming the good prognostic effect of our model. GO and KEGG pathway analyses enriched immune-related pathways between the high-risk and low-risk groups. And there was also a significant difference in immune cell infiltration between two groups. And the results of qRT-PCR showed that the expression levels of FOXO1, IRGM, MYC, and PRKCQ were significantly decreased in the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell (PBMC) of IPF patient samples.ConclusionOur study constructed and validated an autophagy-associated risk model based on MYC, MAPK1, IRGM, PRKCQ, and FOXO1. And those five genes may influence the progression of IPF by regulating immune responses and immune cells.
Untargeted metabolomics analysis reveals dynamic changes in co-fermentation with human milk-derived probiotics and Poria cocos
Authors: Wang Qishan , Yang Kai , Wei Xinyue , Qiao Weicang , Chen Lijun 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionTo develop functional foods with traditional medicines and homologous food ingredients as well as human milk-derived probiotics, the co-fermentation process of two probiotics, Lactobacillus plantarum R9 and Lactobacillus gasseri B1-27, isolated from the human milk of healthy parturients and the traditional medicine and food homologous ingredient Poria cocos, were separately investigated.ResultsThe Poria cocos fermentation broth at 2.5% significantly enhanced the total number of L. plantarum R9 (p = 0.001) and L. gasseri B1-27 (p = 0.013) after 20 h of fermentation, and Non-targeted metabolomics assays conducted before and after fermentation of the human milk-derived L. plantarum R9 and L. gasseri B1-27 using the 2.5% Poria cocos fermentation broth revealed 35 and 45 differential metabolites, respectively. A variety of active substances with physiological functions, such as L-proline, L-serine, beta-alanine, taurine, retinol, luteolin, and serotonin, were found to be significantly increased. Mannitol, a natural sweetener with a low glycemic index, was also identified. The most significantly altered metabolic pathways were pyrimidine metabolism, pentose phosphate, yeast meiosis, ABC transporter, insulin signaling, and mineral absorption, suggesting that co-fermentation of human milk-derived probiotics and Poria cocos may affect the metabolism of trace minerals, sugars, organic acids, and amino acids.DiscussionOverall, we determined that the optimal concentration of Poria cocos to be used in co-fermentation was 2.5% and identified more than 35 differentially expressed metabolites in each probiotic bacteria after co-fermentation. Moreover, several beneficial metabolites were significantly elevated as a result of the co-fermentation process indicating the valuable role of Poria cocos as a functional food.
Utilizing apolipoprotein E genotypes and associated comorbidities for the assessment of the risk for dementia
Authors: Tung Hsin , Lin Ching-Heng , Chen Yi-Ming , Lee Wei-Ju , Chien Li-Sheng , Sun Ting-Hsuan , Liao Cai-Sian , Lin Yung-Yang , Hsiao Tzu-Hung 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionDementia is associated with many comorbidities while being related to Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) polymorphism. However, it is unclear how these clinical illnesses and genetic factors modify the dementia risk.MethodsWe enrolled 600 dementia cases and 6000 matched non-dementia controls, with identified ApoE genotype (ε4/ε4, ε4/ε3, and ε3/ε3). Eight comorbidities were selected by medical records, and counted if occurring within 3 years of enrollment.ResultsThe dementia group had a higher ratio of carrying ε4 allele and prevalence of comorbidities than the non-dementia group. Homozygous ε4 carriers presented the broken line of dementia risk with the peak age at 65–75 years and odds ratio (OR) up to 6.6. The risk only emerged after 65 years of age in ε3/ε4 subjects with OR around 1.6–2.4 when aged &gt; 75 years. Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is the commonest comorbidity (14.6%). CVA, sleep disorder, and functional gastrointestinal disorders remained as significant risk comorbidities for dementia throughout all age groups (OR = 1.7–5.0). When functional gastrointestinal disorder and ε4 allele both occurred, the dementia risk exceeded the summation of individual risks (OR = 3.7 and 1.9 individually, OR = 6.0 for the combination). Comorbidities could also be predictors of dementia.ConclusionCombining the genetic and clinical information, we detected cognitive decline and optimize interventions early when the patients present a specific illness in a particular age and carry a specific ApoE allele. Of comorbidities, functional gastrointestinal disorder is the strongest predicting factor for dementia in ε4 allele carriers.
A pan-cancer analysis of the oncogenic role of zinc finger protein 419 in human cancer
Authors: Zhu Weizhen , Feng Dechao , Shi Xu , Li Dengxiong , Wei Qiang , Yang Lu 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundAs a ferroptosis-related gene, the polymorphism of zinc finger protein 419 (ZNF419) at the splice donor site may generate renal cell carcinoma-associated novel minor histocompatibility antigen ZAPHIR. However, the role of ZNF419 in prognosis and immunology in human tumors remains largely unknown. This study aimed to visualize the prognostic landscape of ZNF419 at pan-cancer level and explore the relationship between ZNF419 expression and the tumor immune microenvironment.MethodPan-cancer and mutation data were downloaded from TCGA databases and analyzed through R (version 3.6.4) and its suitable packages. Differential ZNF419 expression and prognosis were analyzed. Correlations with ferroptosis-related genes, pathway analysis, tumor stemness, heterogeneity, mutation landscape, and RNA modifications were also explored. The relationships between ZNF419 expression and tumor immunity were investigated through the TIMER and ESTIMATE methods.ResultZNF419 was differentially expressed between tumor and normal samples and was associated with overall survival, disease-specific survival and progression-free interval for STES, KIRC, LIHC, LUSC, PRAD, and BLCA. We found the interaction between ZNF419 and FANCD2 might involve in ferroptosis in pan-cancer level. In addition, the mutation frequencies of STES, KIRC, LIHC, LUSC, PRAD, and BLCA were 1.5%, 0.3%, 0.3%, 1.9%, 0.2%, and 0.7%, respectively. We detected that the expression of ZNF419 was closely correlated with most immune checkpoint genes and immune regulatory genes. Furthermore, we found that the ZNF419 expression level was negatively related to the immune score in the six cancers mentioned above. The expression of ZNF419 was significantly associated with various infiltrating immune cells, such as CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and macrophages in patients with KIRC, PRAD, and LUSC but was only significantly related to macrophages in BLCA patients.ConclusionZNF419 might serve as a potential prognostic and immunological pan-cancer biomarker, especially for KIRC, LIHC, LUSC, PRAD, and BLCA.
Case report: Multicentric Castleman disease as a manifestation of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in Malawi
Authors: Painschab Matthew S. , Mponda Marriam , Tomoka Tamiwe , Kampani Coxcilly , Chimzimu Fred , Fedoriw Yuri , Gopal Satish 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionMulticentric Castleman disease (MCD) is a lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by systemic inflammation, lymphadenopathy, and cytopenias. MCD caused by Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (MCD-KSHV) frequently arises in the context of HIV. It can be associated with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), but MCD-IRIS is rarely reported in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where HIV and KSHV infection are common.Case descriptionA 36-year-old woman in Malawi with HIV on antiretroviral therapy (ART) for nine years presented with fatigue, weight loss, and lymphadenopathy. Lymph node biopsy was consistent with HIV lymphadenitis without evident KSHV-MCD and HIV RNA was 4,244 copies/mL. She switched to second-line ART and returned four months later with worsening lymphadenopathy, fever, night sweats, weight loss, and anemia. A repeat lymph node biopsy demonstrated unequivocal KSHV-MCD features not present on the original biopsy. Her repeat HIV viral load was undetectable and she received chemotherapy with subsequent remission on continued ART for 24 months.DiscussionThis is among the first reported cases of MCD-IRIS from SSA, which has implications for a region where HIV and KSHV are highly prevalent. MCD-IRIS may contribute to early mortality after ART initiation in SSA, and increased awareness alongside improved diagnostic and treatment capacity are needed.
Effects of visual deprivation on the injury of lower extremities among functional ankle instability patients during drop landing: A kinetics perspective
Authors: Meng Lingyue , Kong Lintao , Kong Lingyu , Zhang Qiuxia , Shen Jianzhong , Hao Yuefeng 
Published: December 2022

Background:The ankle is prone to injury during drop landing with usual residual symptoms, and functional ankle instability (FAI) is the most common. Vision guarantees the postural stability of patients with FAI, and visual deprivation (VD) increases their risk of injury when completing various movements. This study explored injury risk during drop landing in patients with FAI under VD through the kinetics of lower extremities.Methods:A total of 12 males with FAI participated in the study (age, 23.0 ± 0.8 years; height, 1.68 ± 0.06 m; weight, and 62.2 ± 10.4 kg) completed single-leg drop landings under visual presence (VP) and VD conditions. Ground reaction force (GRF), time to peak GRF, joint torque, and vertical length variation (ΔL) were measured.Results:Significant effects were detected in the group for time to peak lateral GRF (p= 0.004), hip extensor torque (p= 0.022), ankle plantarflexion torque (p&lt; 0.001), ankle varus torque (p= 0.021), lower extremity stiffness (p= 0.035), and ankle stiffness (p&lt; 0.001). Significant effects of conditions were detected for vertical GRF, time to peak vertical and lateral GRF, loading rate, hip extensor torque, knee extensor torque, hip varus torque, knee varus torque, lower extremity stiffness, and ankle stiffness (p&lt; 0.05). ΔL was affected by VD with a significant difference (p&lt; 0.001).Conclusion:In patients with FAI, an unstable extremity has a higher injury risk than a stable extremity, and VD increases such risk. However, because the influence of the central nervous system on hip strategy is also affected, the effect on the unstable extremity is more significant and more likely to result in injury. Deepening the squat range may be an effective preventive measure for reducing injury risk of unstable extremities during drop landing.
Effects of leadership style on coach-athlete relationship, athletes’ motivations, and athlete satisfaction
Authors: Jin Hao , Kim Seungmo , Love Adam , Jin Yun , Zhao Jie 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionThe current study investigated the impacts of autocratic and democratic leadership styles on the coach-athlete relationship, athletes’ motivations, and athlete satisfaction.MethodsSurvey data were collected from 298 student-athletes (male = 157; 52.7%, female = 141; 47.3%) from 20 different Chinese collegiate sports. The Structural Equation Model was used to test the hypothesized model.ResultsThe results indicated democratic leadership had a direct positive influence on the coach-athlete relationship, while autocratic leadership had no direct effect. Both leadership styles did not influence autonomous motivation. The coach-athlete relationship, meanwhile, had a full mediation effect between democratic leadership and athletes’ motivation and satisfaction. In addition, autonomous motivation had a partial mediation effect between the coach-athlete relationship and athlete satisfaction.DiscussionUltimately, the findings of the current study underscore the need for coaches and administrators to understand the impact of different leadership styles and highlight the importance of democratic leadership in improving athletes’ psychological outcomes.
Segmental and suprasegmental encoding of speaker confidence in Wuxi dialect vowels
Authors: Ji Yujie , Hu Yanbing , Jiang Xiaoming 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionWuxi dialect is a variation of Wu dialect spoken in eastern China and is characterized by a rich tonal system. Compared with standard Mandarin speakers, those of Wuxi dialect as their mother tongue can be more efficient in varying vocal cues to encode communicative meanings in speech communication. While literature has demonstrated that speakers encode high vs. low confidence in global prosodic cues at the sentence level, it is unknown how speakers’ intended confidence is encoded at a more local, phonetic level. This study aimed to explore the effects of speakers’ intended confidence on both prosodic and formant features of vowels in two lexical tones (the flat tone and the contour tone) of Wuxi dialect.MethodsWords of a single vowel were spoken in confident, unconfident, or neutral tone of voice by native Wuxi dialect speakers using a standard elicitation procedure. Linear-mixed effects modeling and parametric bootstrapping testing were performed.ResultsThe results showed that (1) the speakers raised both F1 and F2 in the confident level (compared with the neutral-intending expression). Additionally, F1 can distinguish between the confident and unconfident expressions; (2) Compared with the neutral-intending expression, the speakers raised mean f0, had a greater variation of f0 and prolonged pronunciation time in the unconfident level while they raised mean intensity, had a greater variation of intensity and prolonged pronunciation time in the confident level. (3) The speakers modulated mean f0 and mean intensity to a larger extent on the flat tone than the contour tone to differentiate between levels of confidence in the voice, while they modulated f0 and intensity range more only on the contour tone.DiscussionThese findings shed new light on the mechanisms of segmental and suprasegmental encoding of speaker confidence and lack of confidence at the vowel level, highlighting the interplay of lexical tone and vocal expression in speech communication.
Pendapatan Dan Efisiensi Usaha Minapadi Dengan Ikan Mas (Cyprinus carpio) Pada System Tanam Jajar Legowo 4 (Suatu Kasus pada Kelompok Tani Margacinta Desa Margamerkar di Kecamatan Sumedang Selatan Kabupaten Sumedang)
Authors: Olivia Cindy , Daasipah Euis , Permana Nendah Siti 
Published: December 2022

Ketersedian pangan terutama komiditas padi diantaranya dipengaruhi luas panen, produksi dan produktivitas lahan. Lebih jelasnya perkembangan luas panen, produksi dan produktivitas padi sawah di Indonesia harus diikuti meningkatnya penerapan teknologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pendapatan dan efisiensi usahatani Minapadi dengan Ikan Mas. Unit analisisnya adalah petani Minapadi yang menanam MK 2017. Metode penelitian adalah Metode Survei dengan responden ditetapkan secara sensus. Persiapan terdiri dari kegiatan perbaikan pematang, pembuatan larikan, persemaian padi dan pengolahan lahan. Penanaman terdiri dari kegiatan penanaman padi dan ikan mas lokal yang berukuran 2â€“3 cm dengan kepadatan ikan 20.000/ hektar. Pemeliharaan terdiri dari kegiatan pengairan, penyiangan, pemupukan, pemberian pakan ikan dan pengendalian hama penyakit. Panen dan Pasca PanenÂ yaitu kegiatan panen ikanÂ setelah berukuran 5â€“8 Â cm atau saat padi berumur 45-55 hari. Pemasaran ikan mas tidak mengalami kesulitan baik untuk rumah tangga, atau usaha pembesaran juga sama halnya dengan pemasaran padi. Secara keseluruhan penggunaan teknologi pada usaha minapadi berupa penggunaan sarana produksi mendekati anjuran penyuluh di lapangan. Pendapatan usaha minapadi pada Legowo 4 di lahan sawahÂ MT 2017 rata-rataÂ sebesarÂ sebesarÂ Rp. 16.819.390 /hektar /musim. Berasal dariÂ produksi padi sebanyak 6.813 Â kg dengan harga Rp 5.500 / kg dan dari penjualan ikan mas sebanyak 72 kgÂ dengan harga Rp 30.000 / kg. Efisiensi usaha minapadi pada sistem legowo 4 sebesar 1,76 berasal dari penerimaan sebesar Rp. 39.085.909 dengan biaya total sebesar Rp. 22.266.519 berarti usaha minapadi pembesaran usaha ikan mas menguntungkan.
CYBER SECURITY IN INDUSTRIAL CONTROL SYSTEMS (ICS): A SURVEY OF ROWHAMMER VULNERABILITY
Authors: AYDIN Hakan , SERTBAŞ Ahmet 
Published: December 2022

Increasing dependence on Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and especially on the Internet in Industrial Control Systems (ICS) has made these systems the primary target of cyber-attacks. As ICS are extensively used in Critical Infrastructures (CI), this makes CI more vulnerable to cyber-attacks and their protection becomes an important issue. On the other hand, cyberattacks can exploit not only software but also physics; that is, they can target the fundamental physical aspects of computation. The newly discovered RowHammer (RH) fault injection attack is a serious vulnerability targeting hardware on reliability and security of DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory). Studies on this vulnerability issue raise serious security concerns. The purpose of this study was to overview the RH phenomenon in DRAMs and its possible security risks on ICSs and to discuss a few possible realistic RH attack scenarios for ICSs. The results of the study revealed that RH is a serious security threat to any computer-based system having DRAMs, and this also applies to ICS.
Quality Testing and Antioxidant Activity of Soap Contains Algae Extract Eucheuma spinosum
Authors: Salanti Juan Feren , Momuat Lidya Irma , Koleangan Harry S.J. 
Published: December 2022

This study aimed to examine the quality and antioxidant activity of solid bath soap containing red algae extract E spinosum. Soap is made through a saponification reaction between a mixture of olive, palm and coconut oils (ratio 44:32:24%) with NaOH. In the saponification reaction, E. spinosum algae extract was added with 4 concentration formulations: 0, 0.050, 0.075, 0.1%. The soap produced is tested for it’s quality using the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 3532:2021 which includes water content, pH, total fat, insoluble ingredients in ethanol, free fatty acids, chloride content, and unsaponifiable fat. The antioxidant activity of soap was tested using the DPPH method. The quality test results of each solid bath soap formulation, namely water content, pH, insoluble material in ethanol, and chloride content have met the quality requirements of SNI 3532:2021, while the total fat, free fatty acid, and unsaturated fat have not met the quality requirements of SNI. The antioxidant activity expressed in IC50 of each soap formulation is 463.3647 g/mL for formula A, 248.8397 g/mL for formula B, 155.5369 g/mL for formula C, and 90.3402 g/mL for formula D. This study concluded that solid bath soap containing E. spinosum extract did not meet the quality of SNI 3532:2021 and had antioxidant activity.
Keywords: Antioxidant; Eucheuma spinosum; soap
Pengujian Kualitas dan Aktivitas Antioksidan dari Sabun Mandi Padat Mengandung Ekstrak Alga Eucheuma spinosum
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji kualitas dan aktivitas antioksidan dari sabun mandi padat mengandung ekstrak alga merah E spinosum. Sabun dibuat melalui reaksi saponifikasi antara campuran minyak zaitun, sawit dan kelapa (rasio 44:32:24%) dengan NaOH. Pada reaksi penyabunan tersebut ditambahkan ekstrak alga E. Spinosum dengan 4 formulasi konsentrasi: 0, 0,050, 0,075, 0,100%. Sabun mandi yang dihasilkan diuji kualitasnya berdasarkan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 3532:2021 yang meliputi kadar air, pH, total lemak, bahan tak larut dalam etanol, asam lemak bebas, kadar klorida, dan lemak tak tersabunkan. Aktivitas antioksidan dari sabun diuji dengan metode DPPH. Hasil uji kualitas dari tiap formulasi sabun mandi padat yaitu kadar air, pH, bahan tak larut dalam etanol, dan kadar klorida telah memenuhi syarat mutu SNI 3532:2021, sedangkan untuk total lemak, asam lemak bebas, dan lemak tak tesabunkan belum memenuhi syarat mutu SNI. Aktivitas antioksidan yang dinyatakan dalam IC50 dari tiap formulasi sabun mandi yaitu 463,3647 µg/mL untuk formula A, 248,8397 µg/mL formula B, 155,5369 µg/mL formula C, dan 90,3402 µg/mL untuk formula D. Penelitian ini m enyimpulkan bahwa sabun mandi padat mengandung ekstrak E. Spinosum belum memenuhi kualitas SNI 3532:2021 dan memiliki aktivitas antioksidan.
Kata kunci: Antioksidan; Eucheuma spinosum; sabun