bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Household financial burden associated with healthcare for older people in Viet Nam: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Giang Nguyen Hoang , Vinh Nguyen The , Phuong Hoang Thi , Thang Nguyen Thi , Oanh Tran Thi Mai 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Population ageing and the associated increase in the healthcare needs of older people are putting pressure on the healthcare system in Viet Nam. The country prioritizes healthcare for older people and has developed financial protection policies to mitigate financial hardship due to out-of-pocket health expenditures (OOPHEs) borne by their households. This study examines the level and determinants of the financial burden of OOPHE among households with people aged ≥ 60 years in Viet Nam.

Methods
A cross-sectional household survey was conducted among a sample of 1536 older people living in 1477 households in three provinces representing the North, Central and South regions of Viet Nam during 2019–2020. The financial outcomes were catastrophic health expenditure (CHE), using WHO's definition, and financial distress due to OOPHE. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was employed to determine the factors associated with these outcomes.

Results
OOPHE for older household members accounted for 86.3% of total household health expenditure. Of households with older people, 8.6% (127) faced CHE, and 12.2% (181) experienced financial distress due to OOPHE. Households were at a higher risk of incurring financial burdens related to health expenditures if they had fewer household members; included only older people; were in rural or remote, mountainous areas; and had older members with noncommunicable diseases. There was no significant association between health insurance coverage and financial burden. However, when older people sought tertiary care or private care, the possibility of a household facing CHE increased. Regardless of the type and level of care, health service utilization by older people results in a higher likelihood of a household encountering financial distress.

Conclusions
This study reveals that OOPHE for older people can impose substantial financial burdens on households, leading them to face CHE and financial distress. This study provides evidence to justify reforming financial protection policies and introducing policy interventions targeted at better protecting older people and their households from the financial consequences of OOPHE. There is also the need to strengthen the grassroots health facilities to provide primary care closer to home at lower costs, particularly for the management of noncommunicable diseases.
Ethics of participation and social inclusion of older persons in research: lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore
Authors: Maulod Ad , Rouse Sasha , Lee Atiqah , Ravindran Malcolm , Mohamad Hazirah , Goh Veronica , Azman Diyana , Low Lian Leng , Malhotra Rahul , Chan Angelique 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic brought about safe distancing measures that are unprecedented. This article details the impact of the pandemic across research studies involving older persons in Singapore, and assesses the different strategies used to adapt to their needs in the context of evolving public health measures. The pandemic exposed diverse experiences of vulnerability among older persons, pushing for critical reflections on ethics of participation and social inclusion as the new research normal. We emphasize the importance of practicing flexibility: consideration for differentiated approaches to recruitment and data collection that should be proactively embedded in research designs for older persons during the pandemic and beyond.
Mental health in children with living donor liver transplantation: a propensity score-matched analysis
Authors: Huang Mingzhu , Hou Yuchen , Li Wen , Wang Guanghai , Gu Guangxiang , Xia Qiang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
This study explored mental health of pediatric patients with living donor liver transplantation.

Methods
A total of 741 children who successfully underwent living donor liver transplantation from 2009 to 2019 enrolled in this study. Participants were aged between 3 and 12 years (mean age = 5.28; SD = 2.01). The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire was used to evaluate emotional and behavioral problems. Parents completed the 5-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index and reported their child’s height, weight, sleep duration, parent-child interactions, home environment, physical activities, and time spent on screen exposure. Propensity score matching method was used to generate a control group from 20,934 healthy children. Univariate analysis and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to identify the correlational factors in children’s mental health following a liver transplantation.

Results
Compared to healthy children, patients after liver transplantation were prone to emotional problems, hyperactivity, and peer problems. Moreover, parental mental health, physical activity, and family environment were identified as factors associated with mental health of pediatric liver transplant patients.

Conclusion
The findings highlight the need to focus on mental health of pediatric transplant patients, increase support for parents, and strengthen positive parent-child interactions.
Long-read assembly of major histocompatibility complex and killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor genome regions in cynomolgus macaque
Authors: Hu Qingxiu , Huang Xiaoqi , Jin Yabin , Zhang Rui , Zhao Aimin , Wang Yiping , Zhou Chenyun , Liu Weixin , Liu Xunwei , Li Chunhua , Fan Guangyi , Zhuo Min , Wang Xiaoning , Ling Fei , Luo Wei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and the killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) are key regulators of immune responses. The cynomolgus macaque, an Old World monkey species, can be applied as an important preclinical model for studying human diseases, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Several MHC-KIR combinations have been associated with either a poor or good prognosis. Therefore, macaques with a well-characterized immunogenetic profile may improve drug evaluation and speed up vaccine development. At present, a complete overview of the MHC and KIR haplotype organizations in cynomolgus macaques is lacking, and characterization by conventional techniques is hampered by the extensive expansion of the macaque MHC-B region that complicates the discrimination between genes and alleles.MethodsWe assembled complete MHC and KIR genomic regions of cynomolgus macaque using third-generation long-read sequencing approach. We identified functionalMafa-Bloci at the transcriptome level using locus-specific amplification in a cohort of 33 Vietnamese cynomolgus macaques.ResultsThis is the first physical mapping of completeMHCandKIRgene regions in a Vietnamese cynomolgus macaque. Furthermore, we identified four functionalMafa-Bloci (B2,B3,B5, andB6) and showed that alleles of theMafa-I*01,-B*056,-B*034, and-B*001functional lineages, respectively, are highly frequent in the Vietnamese cynomolgus macaque population.ConclusionThe insights into the MHC and KIR haplotype organizations and the level of diversity may refine the selection of animals with specific genetic markers for future medical research.
The effect of combined Action Observation Therapy with eccentric exercises in the treatment of mid-portion Achilles-tendinopathy: a feasibility pilot randomised controlled trial
Authors: Ryan Deirdre , O’Donoghue Gráinne , Rio Ebonie , Segurado Ricardo , O’Sullivan Cliona 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Mid-portion Achilles Tendinopathy (AT) is a common musculoskeletal condition with varying rehabilitation success rates. Despite the prevalence of this condition, a considerable proportion of individuals experience persisting pain and functional deficits. Current treatment approaches bias the biomedical model which emphasises physically treating and loading the tendon. Overall, there is a lack of consideration for the central nervous system that is commonly implicated in chronic injuries. The aim of this pilot study was to explore the feasibility of combining Action Observation Therapy (AOT), a treatment technique which targets central changes and influences motor learning, with eccentric exercises in the treatment of mid-portion AT. AOT involves the observation of movements and is commonly followed by the physical performance of these same movements.

Methodology
This was a double-blinded randomised controlled pilot feasibility study. All participants underwent the 12-week Alfredson eccentric training protocol. The intervention group watched videos of the exercises prior to performing these exercises, whilst the control group watched nature videos before performing the same exercises. Study feasibility was the primary outcome measure, with the Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment- Achilles (VISA-A) selected as the primary clinical outcome measure.

Results
Thirty participants were recruited, reflecting a 75% eligibility rate and 100% of eligible participants enrolled in the study. The retention rate at week 12 was 80%. At week six the mean VISA-A score improved by 18.1 (95% CI 10.2–26.0) in the intervention group and 7.7 (95% CI 0.3–14.9) in the control group, and 75% and 33% of participants in the intervention and control group respectively exceeded the minimal clinically important difference (MCID). At week 12 the mean VISA-A score from baseline improved by 22.25 (95% CI 12.52–31.98) in the intervention group and 16.5-(95% CI 8.47–24.53) in the control group, equating to 75% and 58% in each group respectively exceeding the MCID.

Conclusion
The positive feasibility outcomes and exploratory data from the clinical outcome measures suggest that a larger scaled RCT is warranted to further investigate the impact of AOT in the rehabilitation of mid-portion AT.
Trial registration ISRCTN58161116, first registered on the 23/12/2020.
Aryloxypropanolamine targets amyloid aggregates and reverses Alzheimer-like phenotypes in Alzheimer mouse models
Authors: Lee Hee Yang , Yoon Soljee , Lee Jeong Hwa , Park Keunwan , Jung Youngeun , Cho Illhwan , Lee Donghee , Shin Jisu , Kim Kyeonghwan , Kim Sunmi , Kim Jimin , Kim Koeun , Han Seung Hoon , Kim Seong Muk , Kim Hye Ju , Kim Hye Yun , Kim Ikyon , Kim Young Soo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Aggregated amyloid-β (Aβ) is considered a pathogenic initiator of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), in strong association with tau hyperphosphorylation, neuroinflammation, synaptic dysfunction, and cognitive decline. As the removal of amyloid burden from AD patient brains by antibodies has shown therapeutic potential, the development of small molecule drugs inducing chemical dissociation and clearance of Aβ is compelling as a therapeutic strategy. In this study, we synthesized and screened aryloxypropanolamine derivatives and identified 1-(3-(2,4-di-tert-pentylphenoxy)-2-hydroxypropyl)pyrrolidin-1-ium chloride, YIAD002, as a strong dissociator of Aβ aggregates.

Methods
The dissociative activity of aryloxypropanolamine derivatives against Aβ aggregates were evaluated through in vitro assays. Immunohistochemical staining, immunoblot assays, and the Morris water maze were used to assess the anti-Alzheimer potential in YIAD002-treated 5XFAD and transgenic APP/PS1 mice. Target-ligand interaction mechanism was characterized via a combination of peptide mapping, fluorescence dissociation assays, and constrained docking simulations.

Results
Among 11 aryloxypropanolamine derivatives, YIAD002 exerted strongest dissociative activity against β-sheet-rich Aβ aggregates. Upon oral administration, YIAD002 substantially reduced amyloid burden and accordingly, improved cognitive performance in the Morris water maze and attenuated major pathological hallmarks of AD including tauopathy, neuroinflammation, and synaptic protein loss. Mechanism studies suggest that YIAD002 interferes with intermolecular β-sheet fibrillation by directly interacting with KLVFFA and IGLMVG domains of Aβ. In addition, YIAD002 was found to possess dissociative activity against aggregates of pyroglutamate-modified Aβ and tau.

Conclusions
Collectively, our results evince the potential of chemical-driven dissociation of Aβ aggregates by aryloxypropanolamines as a therapeutic modality of the amyloid clearance approach.
Co-creation of new knowledge: Good fortune or good management?
Authors: Pearce Tania , Maple Myfanwy , McKay Kathy , Shakeshaft Anthony , Wayland Sarah 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Potential solutions to bridging the research practice gap include collaborative frameworks and models. Yet there is little evidence demonstrating their application in practice. In addressing this knowledge gap, this in-depth case study explored how the co-creation of new knowledge framework and its four collaborative processes (co-ideation, co-design, co-implementation, and co-evaluation) are utilised to support people who had attempted suicide through an Australian psychoeducational program known as Eclipse.

Methods
Using a case study design and a thematic analysis methodology, multiple sources of qualitative data (collaborative group discussion, personal communications) were analysed inductively and deductively to examine the implementation of co-creation and explore the perspectives of researchers and stakeholders about co-creation and collaborative relationships.

Results
Three broad themes were identified: (1) understanding the language and practice of co-creation, (2) perception of trust formation, and (3) the value of co-creation opportunities. Ultimately, implementing co-creation with or between researchers, industry and people with lived experience requires trust, reciprocity, good fortune, and good management. While implementing co-creation, the co-creation framework was revised to include additional elements identified as missing from the initially proposed framework.

Conclusion
Co-creation of new knowledge poses many challenges to researchers and stakeholders, particularly regarding its “messiness” and non-linear approach to implementation and evaluation. However, as this case study demonstrates, it has the potential to become an alternative framework of best practice for public health interventions in third sector organisations, most notably as it eliminates the often-lengthy gap reported between research evidence and translation into practice. The research highlights the need for co-creation to further study its effectiveness in integrating research and service delivery to generate new knowledge. This may lead to a cultural and behavioural change in the service provider’s approach to research, offering better outcomes for providers, clients, policymakers, universities, and funders.
Rheumatic disease patient decision-making about COVID-19 vaccination: a qualitative analysis
Authors: Shaw Yomei P. , Hustek Sara , Nguyen Nina , Starlin Makenzie , Wipfler Kristin , Wallace Beth I. , Michaud Kaleb 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Although patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) are at increased risk for adverse outcomes of COVID-19 illness compared to healthy controls, they also have lower rates of willingness to be vaccinated. Previous research has identified reasons for vaccine hesitancy among patients with RMDs (such as concerns about side effects and flares), but little is known about what these reasons mean in the context of patients’ lives, or how vaccine decision making is experienced from a patient perspective. Our objective was to describe decision-making about COVID-19 vaccination among RMD patients.

Methods
Participants in a RMD registry were invited to complete monthly online surveys regarding COVID-19 vaccination from March-June 2021. We qualitatively analyzed comments from two open-ended survey questions reporting general experiences with vaccination and side effects. Comments were coded for attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination, vaccine access, rheumatologic medication management around vaccination, and vaccine side effects. Themes were identified for the process and context of COVID-19 vaccine decisions, patient motivations for receiving or avoiding vaccination, and consistency of peri-vaccine medication management with current ACR guidelines.

Results
We analyzed 710 comments from 537 respondents. Commenting respondents had a mean age of 64 years, were 87% female, 94% white, and 93% received/intended to receive ≥ 1 dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. Desire for protection and a return to normal routines motivated some commenters to get vaccinated, while concerns about vaccine side effects motivated others to delay or avoid vaccination. Several commenters reported disease flares following vaccination. Some commenters did not consult their providers about vaccination and failed to withhold immunomodulatory medications during vaccination, while others withheld medications more conservatively than recommended by current ACR guidelines, either on their own or directed by their provider.

Conclusions
While most commenters were vaccine-accepting, challenges to COVID-19 vaccine uptake in the RMD population may include fears of side effects, including worsened RMD symptoms, and perceptions that vaccination is unnecessary. Addressing these concerns and beliefs may be critical for promoting vaccination in this population.
Probabilistic picture for particle number densities in stretched tips of the branching Brownian motion
Authors: Le A. D. , Mueller A. H. , Munier S. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In the framework of a stochastic picture for the one-dimensional branching Brownian motion, we compute the probability density of the number of particles near the rightmost one at a time T, that we take very large, when this extreme particle is conditioned to arrive at a predefined position x

T
chosen far ahead of its expected position m

T
. We recover the previously conjectured fact that the typical number density of particles at a distance Δ to the left of the lead particle, when both Δ and

are large, is smaller than the mean number density by a factor proportional to

, where ζ is a constant that was so far undetermined. Our picture leads to an expression for the probability density of the particle number, from which a value for ζ may be inferred.
Thinking with Wolves
Authors: Roy Parama 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article is an examination of the career of the “wolf child”—a human child lost or sacrificed by human parents but nurtured by wolf mothers—in imperial South Asia. Notably, wolf children become a particular concern of evangelical Protestant missionaries in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries; for the latter, these children featured as subjects in a miracle narrative, in which they were preserved from harm against all odds by their divinely animated lupine foster mothers. This history limns the curious trajectory that begins with an anthropology of the cultures that sacrifice children to wolves and ends in a missionary theology that claims wolf children as evidence of Christian grace and redemption. It underlines how unexpectedly significant a reckoning with the nonhuman was for evangelical theology and narrative in the colony, and how the narrative depended on trans-species alliance for imagining the operations of grace in imperial zones.
Comparison of ultrasound-guided serratus anterior plane block and thoracic paravertebral block in postoperative analgesia and inflammation control in patients undergoing upper abdominal surgery
Authors: Cai Zhiming , Xie Ruiqun , Xu Ting , Huang Changlu 
Published: November 2022

Objective: To compare the effects of ultrasound-guided serratus anterior plane block (SAPB) and thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) on postoperative analgesia and inflammation control in patients undergoing upper abdominal surgery.
Methods: This is a retrospective observational study. The records of patients who underwent upper abdominal surgery in our hospital from June 2019 to January 2021 were selected and retrospectively divided into two groups based on the analgesia method. Fifty-nine patients received ultrasound-guided SAPB analgesia (SAPB-group) and 55 patients received ultrasound-guided TPVB analgesia (TPVB-Group). Patients were matched for age, gender and body-mass index (BMI). The visual analogue scale (VAS) scores of pain at two hours(T1), six hours (T2), 12 hours (T3), 24 hours (T4) and 48 hours (T5) after the operation were compared between the two groups. The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10(IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) at the completion of surgery (T0) and T4 were compared between the two groups.
Results: The duration of block in SAPB-group was higher than that in TPVB-group (P<0.05). VAS scores of SAPB-groups were significantly lower than those of TPVB-group at all-time points (P<0.05) except at rest 48 hour after the procedure. The levels of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α at 24 hours after the operation in both groups were significantly higher than immediately at the end of the operation (P<0.05). Levels of IL-6 and TNF-α 24 hours after the operation were significantly lower in the SAPB-group than in the TPVB-group (P<0.05), while the levels of IL-10 24 hours after the operation were significantly higher in the SAPB-group (P<0.05).
Conclusions: SAPB block under ultrasound guidance for patients undergoing upper abdominal surgery has good anesthetic and analgesic effect and can significantly improve the level of postoperative inflammation.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.6849
How to cite this: Cai Z, Xie R, Xu T, Huang C. Comparison of ultrasound-guided serratus anterior plane block and thoracic paravertebral block in postoperative analgesia and inflammation control in patients undergoing upper abdominal surgery. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(1):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.6849
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Local Migration Regimes in Rural Areas: The Example of Refugee Reception in Saxony, Germany
Authors: Schneider Hanne 
Published: November 2022

The reception of asylum seekers has challenged municipalities and their populations across Europe in recent years: Many rural villages and small and mid-sized towns had little prior experience with large numbers of asylum seekers. The housing of refugees constitutes one of the most controversial arenas and challenges for local communities within the reception process.
This paper sheds light on rural case studies using the perspective of migration regimes. Local Migration Regimes constitute arenas of migration-related processes including actors, practices, and negotiations at different scales. The analysis covers four rural municipalities (two villages, two towns) from two Saxonian counties in Germany. All cases have different strategies for accommodating migrants but all can be seen as post-socialist immigration societies. The findings show that the issue of reception and housing is seen as a recurrent and contested local field of conflict and cooperation in the rural case sites. The regime lens highlights the strong dependencies but also fragmentation between different levels (national, regional, and supra-local). Housing practices and strategies for refugees reflect local discourses and contribute to the social and spatial production of migration. I argue, that the regime lens contributes to an interdisciplinary understanding of local settings, acknowledges spatial and social structures but challenges empirical field work and data sets. This empirical research is based on qualitative interviews, media articles, and documents from rural counties in Germany and was conducted within the joint research project “Future for Refugees in Rural Regions of Germany”.
* This article belongs to a special issue on "Refugee Migration to Europe – Challenges and Potentials for Cities and Regions".