bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel Pyroptosis‐related long non‐codingRNAsignature for predicting the prognosis and immune landscape of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhou Chongchang , Shen Yiming , Jin Yangli , Shen Zhisen , Ye Dong , Shen Yi , Deng Hongxia 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundPyroptosis plays an essential function in carcinogenesis and the antitumor immune response. Herein, we constructed a pyroptosis‐related long noncoding RNA (prLncRNA) signature to predict therapeutic effects and outcomes for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients.MethodsPatients obtained from the TCGA‐HNSC project were divided randomly into the training as well as the validation sets at a ratio of 7:3. A novel prognostic prLncRNA signature was constructed from the results of the training set using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operation. The medium value was used as the basis for categorizing all HNSCC patients into a low‐ or high‐risk cohort. Cox regression and Kaplan–Meier (KM) survival analyses were executed to estimate the prognostic value. We also evaluated the functional enrichment, tumor microenvironment, immune cell infiltration, and the sensitivity to chemotherapy and immunotherapy between the high‐ and low‐risk cohorts.ResultsNineteen prognostic prlncRNAs were identified to establish the prognostic signature. Multivariate Cox regression and KM survival analyses confirmed that this prlncRNA signature might serve as an independent prognostic indicator of patient survival, which was subsequently confirmed using a validating dataset. Multiple ROC curves indicated the prlncRNA signature presented a more predictive power than clinicopathological factors (age, sex, tumor grade, and tumor stage). GO, KEGG, and GSEA enrichment analysis disclosed several immune‐related pathways which appeared to be enhanced in the low‐risk cohort. ESTIMATE, CIBERSORT, and ssGSEA algorithms indicated considerable differences in the tumor microenvironment and immune cell infiltration in the low‐ and high‐risk cohorts. Furthermore, the low‐risk cohort was predicted to achieve a better response to immunotherapeutic drugs, while in contrast, the high‐risk cohort would be more sensitive to chemotherapy drugs.ConclusionsOur findings robustly demonstrate that our constructed prlncRNA signature could serve as an efficient indicator of prognosis, immunotherapy response, and chemosensitivity for HNSCC patients.
Risk factors for early mortality of lung cancer patients in France: A nationwide analysis
Authors: Goussault Hélène , Gendarme Sébastien , Assié Jean‐Baptiste , Jung Camille , Epaud Salomé , Algans Christelle , Salaun‐Penquer Noémie , Rousseau Mathilde , Lazatti Andrea , Chouaïd Christos 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundDespite therapeutic advances, lung cancer remains the first cause of death from cancer. The main objective of this study was to identify risk factors associated with death within 3‐months of the first hospitalization for lung cancer in France.MethodsThis analysis included patients with a first hospitalization for lung cancer (between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2018) according to diagnosis‐related groups entered into the French national medical‐administrative database. Clinical and socioeconomic parameters and characteristics of that first hospitalization were analyzed. A model predictive of early mortality was developed based on those variables.ResultsThe 144,087 included patients were 67% men; median age of 68 [interquartile range 60–76] years; 47% had metastatic disease at diagnosis; and 34% and 23%, respectively, had received systemic treatment or undergone curative surgery. The 3‐month mortality was 19%, and significantly higher for those ≥70 versus <70 years old (OR 1.33, 1.22–1.45), men versus. women (OR 1.50, 1.44–1.55), those with metastatic disease at diagnosis (OR, 3.30, 3.18–3.43), first hospitalization via the emergency room (OR 1.65 1.59–1.71) and first hospitalization lasting >30 days (OR, 1.58 1.49–1.68). In contrast, no socioeconomic characteristic was associated with early mortality.ConclusionAlmost 1 in 5 patients diagnosed with lung cancer in France died within 3 months post‐diagnosis. Improving survival requires diagnosis at an earlier stage and better organization of diagnosis and specific care pathways.
The Silent Treatment? Changes in patient emotional expression after silence
Authors: Soma Christina S. , Wampold Bruce E. , Flemotomos Nikolaos , Peri Raghuveer , Narayanan Shrikanth , Atkins David C. , Imel Zac E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPsychotherapy can be an emotionally laden conversation, where both verbal and nonverbal interventions may impact the therapeutic process. Prior research has postulated mixed results regarding how clients emotionally react following a silence after the therapist is finished talking, potentially due to studying a limited range of silences with primarily qualitative and self‐report methodologies. A quantitative exploration may illuminate new findings. Utilising research and automatic data processing from the field of linguistics, we analysed the full range of silence lengths (0.2–24.01 s), and measures of emotional expression—vocally encoded arousal and emotional valence from the works spoken—of 84 audio recordings of Motivational Interviewing sessions. We hypothesised that both the level and the variance of client emotional expression would change as a function of silence length; however, due to the mixed results in the literature, the direction of emotional change was unclear. We conducted a multilevel linear regression to examine how the level of client emotional expression changed across silence length, and an ANOVA to examine the variability of client emotional expression across silence lengths. Results of both analyses indicated that as silence length increased, emotional expression largely remained the same. Broadly, we demonstrated a weak connection between silence length and emotional expression, indicating no persuasive evidence that silence leads to client emotional processing and expression.
Quality‐relevant and process‐relevant fault monitoring based on GNPER and the fault quantification index for industrial processes
Authors: Mou Miao , Zhao Xiaoqiang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTraditional quality‐relevant fault monitoring methods focus on extracting the relationship between the global structural features of the process and quality variables but ignore the local features. At the same time, they lack the quantification of quality‐relevant faults. To solve these problems, a quality‐relevant and process‐relevant fault monitoring method and its fault quantification index based on global neighbourhood preserving embedding regression (GNPER) are proposed. First, by seeking the direction of maximum global variance, the global objective function is applied to neighbourhood preserving embedding algorithm, and the global neighbourhood preserving embedding (GNPE) model is established to fully extract the global and local information of process data. Second, on the basis of GNPE, through the idea of projection regression, the GNPER model is established to obtain mapping relationships among process variables and quality variables, and quality‐relevant subspace and process‐relevant subspace are extracted, the corresponding subspace statistics are established for fault monitoring. Finally, the fault quantification index is established for the faults in the two subspaces, which can provide more meaningful fault monitoring results. A numerical example, the hot rolling mill and the Tennessee Eastman (TE) process, verify the superiority and accuracy of the proposed method.
Coordination Polymerization of Renewable (E)‐4,8‐Dimethyl‐1,3,7‐Nonatriene by Rare‐Earth Metal Catalysts
Authors: Jiang Yang , Zhang Zhen , Li Shihui , Cui Dongmei 
Published: May 2022

Comprehensive SummaryCoordination polymerization of renewable (E)‐4,8‐dimethyl‐1,3,7‐nonatriene (DMNT) has been performed using pyridyl‐methylene‐ fluorenyl scandium complex 1, half‐sandwich scandium complex 2, diiminophosphinato rare‐earth metal complexes 3a—3c and 4a—4b, bis(phosphino)carbazolide yttrium complex 5 and β‐diketiminato yttrium complex 6. Fluorenyl scandium complexes 1 and 2, activated by [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] and AliBu3, are moderately active and show perfect 1,2‐regioselective (1,2 > 99%). Conversely, asymmetric diiminophophinato complexes 3a—3c promote the DMNT polymerization to produce high trans‐1,4 regulated products with the activity trend: Sc < Lu < Y. Complexes 4—6 are virtually inactive for the DMNT polymerization although they are highly active in isoprene polymerization. A diblock copolymer bearing 3,4‐polyisoprene block and trans‐1,4‐poly(DMNT) block is obtained using complex 3c in one‐pot reaction. Hydrogenation of trans‐1,4‐poly(DMNT) affords an elastomer with a Tg of –10°C. The epoxidation reaction of trans‐1,4‐poly(DMNT) with 3‐chloroperbenzoic acid transfers the pendant double bonds in the cis configuration into the epoxy groups.
ntEdit+Sealer: Efficient Targeted Error Resolution and Automated Finishing of Long‐Read Genome Assemblies
Authors: Li Janet X. , Coombe Lauren , Wong Johnathan , Birol Inanç , Warren René L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHigh‐quality genome assemblies are crucial to many biological studies, and utilizing long sequencing reads can help achieve higher assembly contiguity. While long reads can resolve complex and repetitive regions of a genome, their relatively high associated error rates are still a major limitation. Long reads generally produce draft genome assemblies with lower base quality, which must be corrected with a genome polishing step. Hybrid genome polishing solutions can greatly improve the quality of long‐read genome assemblies by utilizing more accurate short reads to validate bases and correct errors. Currently available hybrid polishing methods rely on read alignments, and are therefore memory‐intensive and do not scale well to large genomes. Here we describe ntEdit+Sealer, an alignment‐free, k‐mer‐based genome finishing protocol that employs memory‐efficient Bloom filters. The protocol includes ntEdit for correcting base errors and small indels, and for marking potentially problematic regions, then Sealer for filling both assembly gaps and problematic regions flagged by ntEdit. ntEdit+Sealer produces highly accurate, error‐corrected genome assemblies, and is available as a Makefile pipeline from https://github.com/bcgsc/ntedit_sealer_protocol. © 2022 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol: Automated long‐read genome finishing with short readsSupport Protocol: Selecting optimal values for k‐mer lengths (k) and Bloom filter size (b)
Co‐Doped Mn3O4 Nanocubes via Galvanic Replacement Reactions for Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2 with High Turnover Number
Authors: Huang Shengfu , Wang Mang , Su Dai‐Jian , Liang Jing , Sun Fengke , Tian Wenming , Zhao Liu‐Bin , Liu Jinxuan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe synthesis of Co‐doped Mn3O4 nanocubes was achieved via galvanic replacement reactions for photo‐reduction of CO2. Co@Mn3O4 nanocubes could efficiently photo‐reduce CO2 to CO with a remarkable turnover number of 581.8 using [Ru(bpy)3]Cl2 ⋅ 6H2O as photosensitizer and triethanolamine as sacrificial agent in acetonitrile and water. The galvanic replaced Co species are homogeneously distributed at the outer surface of Mn3O4, providing catalytic active sites during CO2 reduction reactions, which facilitate the separation and migration of photogenerated charge carriers, further benefiting the outstanding photocatalytic performance of CO2 reduction. Density functional theory calculations revealed that the decreasing of conduction band maximum in Co@Mn3O4 was beneficial to the electron attachment from the excited sensitized molecule, which promoted photocatalytic reduction of CO2.
The evolution of spectral flow cytometry
Authors: Nolan John P. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis special issue of Cytometry marks the transition of spectral flow cytometry from an emerging technology into a transformative force that will shape the fields of cytometry and single‐cell analysis for some time to come. Tracing its roots to the earliest years of flow cytometry, spectral flow cytometry has evolved from the domain of individual researchers pushing the limits of hardware, reagents, and software to the mainstream, where it is being harnessed and adapted to meet the analytical challenges presented by modern biomedical research. In particular, the current form of spectral flow technology has arisen to address the needs of multiparameter immunophenotyping of immune cells in basic and translational research, and much of the current instrumentation and software reflects the needs of those applications. Yet, the possibilities enabled by high‐resolution analysis of the spectral properties of optical absorbance, scatter, and emission have only begun to be exploited. In this brief review, the author highlights the origins and early milestones of single‐cell spectral analysis, assesses the current state of instrumentation and software, and speculates as to future directions of spectral flow cytometry technology and applications.
Cytomorphometric and flow cytometric analyses using liquid‐based cytology materials in subtypes of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Tanaka Ryota , Fujiwara Masachika , Sakamoto Norihiko , Suzuki Hitomi , Tachibana Keisei , Ohtsuka Kouki , Kishimoto Koji , Kamma Hiroshi , Shibahara Junji , Kondo Haruhiko 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe histological classifications of invasive lung adenocarcinoma subtypes are considered to predict patient prognosis after surgical treatment. The objectives of this study were to evaluate cytomorphological characteristics and proliferative activities among the histological predominant patterns by performing cytomorphometric and flow cytometric analyses using liquid‐based cytology materials.MethodsCytological samples fixed by liquid‐based cytology preservatives from 53 surgically‐resected lung adenocarcinoma specimens were obtained between August 2018 and November 2019. The Papanicolaou‐stained and paired Ki‐67‐stained slides were analyzed for calculating nuclear morphology (nuclear area, nuclear perimeter and nuclear circularity) and Ki‐67 labeling index using software. The cell proliferation index (CPIx) was calculated and cellular information including cell cycle stage of tumor cells was obtained by flow cytometry.ResultsThe 53 cases included papillary (n = 29), acinar (n = 8), lepidic (n = 5), and solid (n = 4) subtypes, and invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (n = 7) were also included. In the lepidic pattern, nuclear area (79.6 ± 28.8 μm2) and perimeter (34.1 ± 6.1 μm) were relatively larger and longer than those of the other predominant patterns. The Ki‐67 labeling index of the solid pattern (27.9 ± 12.5%) was highest compared with those of other predominant patterns. There were statistically significant differences in the lepidic versus solid patterns and the papillary versus solid patterns (p = .013 and p = .039, respectively). The calculated mean CPIx of the lepidic and the acinar patterns were approximately two‐fold higher than those of the other predominant patterns.ConclusionBy revealing the differences of cytomorphological characteristics, these methodologies might be used for diagnosing cytopathological materials using digital cytopathology.
Red blood cell distribution width as a novel marker for predicting bleeding after endoscopic resection for early gastric cancer
Authors: Yumemi Takada , Yoshii Shinji , Yamakawa Tsukasa , Hayashi Yuki , Miyake Takakazu , Yokoyama Yoshihiro , Sudo Gota , Mitsuhashi Kei , Nojima Masanori , Yamano Hiro‐o , Nakase Hiroshi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesEndoscopic resection (ER) is a minimally invasive treatment for early gastric cancer (EGC); however, there is a high occurrence of bleeding. This study aimed to clarify the significance of red blood cell distribution width (RDW) as a predictive risk factor for bleeding after ER for EGC.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study based on data for patients who underwent ER for EGC from 2019 to 2021. This study included 79 lesions in 54 patients who underwent ER for EGC. The primary outcome was the association between RDW before ER and bleeding within 28 days of treatment. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed, wherein areas under the curve (AUCs) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated to compare the discriminatory power of RDW for predicting bleeding.ResultsEndoscopic submucosal dissection was used as the resection method for 73 lesions, whereas endoscopic mucosal resection was used for six lesions. En bloc resection was performed in all cases. There were no cases of perforation; however, bleeding after ER occurred in five cases (9.3%). ROC curve analysis of bleeding after ER showed that the AUC was 0.843 with a good diagnostic performance. When the cut‐off value of RDW was set at 14.4%, sensitivity and specificity were 80% and 85.7%, respectively. There was a bleeding rate of 36.4% (4/11) at an RDW of ≥14.4%, which was significantly higher than that of 2.3% (1/43) at an RDW of <14.4%.ConclusionRDW can be a predictor of bleeding risk after ER for EGC.
Trace residue identification, characterization, and longitudinal monitoring of the novel synthetic opioid β‐U10, from discarded drug paraphernalia
Authors: West Henry , Fitzgerald John L. , Hopkins Katherine L. , Leeming Michael G. , DiRago Matthew , Gerostamoulos Dimitri , Clark Nicolas , Dietze Paul , White Jonathan M. , Ziogas James , Reid Gavin E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEmpirical data regarding dynamic alterations in illicit drug supply markets in response to the COVID‐19 pandemic, including the potential for introduction of novel drug substances and/or increased poly‐drug combination use at the “street” level, that is, directly proximal to the point of consumption, are currently lacking. Here, a high‐throughput strategy employing ambient ionization‐mass spectrometry is described for the trace residue identification, characterization, and longitudinal monitoring of illicit drug substances found within >6,600 discarded drug paraphernalia (DDP) samples collected during a pilot study of an early warning system for illicit drug use in Melbourne, Australia from August 2020 to February 2021, while significant COVID‐19 lockdown conditions were imposed. The utility of this approach is demonstrated for the de novo identification and structural characterization of β‐U10, a previously unreported naphthamide analog within the “U‐series” of synthetic opioid drugs, including differentiation from its α‐U10 isomer without need for sample preparation or chromatographic separation prior to analysis. Notably, β‐U10 was observed with 23 other drug substances, most commonly in temporally distinct clusters with heroin, etizolam, and diphenhydramine, and in a total of 182 different poly‐drug combinations. Longitudinal monitoring of the number and weekly “average signal intensity” (ASI) values of identified substances, developed here as a semi‐quantitative proxy indicator of changes in availability, relative purity and compositions of street level drug samples, revealed that increases in the number of identifications and ASI for β‐U10 and etizolam coincided with a 50% decrease in the number of positive detections and an order of magnitude decrease in the ASI for heroin.
Core eating disorder fears: Prevalence and differences in eating disorder fears across eating disorder diagnoses
Authors: Brown Mackenzie L. , Levinson Cheri A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveFear and anxiety are key maintaining factors for eating disorder (ED) pathology. Maladaptive fears lead to ED behaviors and avoidance, which provide temporary relief, but ultimately reinforce the fear and contribute to a cycle that maintains the ED. To date, fears of food and weight gain are the most explored fears underlying ED pathology. However, recently other important ED fears have been identified, including fears of social consequences and personal consequences.MethodThe current study (N = 229 individuals with an ED) aimed to better characterize ED fears. Specifically, this study examined which ED fears were most endorsed across and within ED diagnoses, and if there were differences in ED fears by diagnosis and by weight status.ResultsOverall, fear of gaining weight was the most frequently endorsed fear, followed by fear of food, and fear of judgment. Individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) most frequently endorsed fear of food, individuals with atypical AN and bulimia nervosa: fear of gaining weight, and those with other specified feeding and eating disorder: fear of judgment. Limited differences were found between diagnoses. When examining by weight category, participants with underweight most frequently endorsed fear of food, participants with normal weight: fear of gaining weight, and participants with overweight and obesity: fear of judgment.DiscussionThese findings suggest ED fears are heterogenous. Given such high heterogeneity, this work highlights the importance of assessing for specific ED fears at the beginning of treatment, which could be used to deliver personalized exposure treatment.Public Significance StatementEating disorders (EDs) are serious mental illnesses with high rates of medical and psychiatric comorbidities. Fear plays an important role in the development and maintenance of EDs. The present study found fear of food, weight gain, and judgment are the most frequently endorsed fears for individuals with EDs and found few differences in fears based on ED diagnosis. These findings highlight the importance of assessing individuals' specific ED fears for treatment.
Food quality, security, and thermal refuge influence the use of microsites and patches by pygmy rabbits (Brachylagus idahoensis) across landscapes and seasons
Authors: Olsoy Peter J. , Milling Charlotte R. , Nobler Jordan D. , Camp Meghan J. , Shipley Lisa A. , Forbey Jennifer S. , Rachlow Janet L. , Thornton Daniel H. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHow intensely animals use habitat features depends on their functional properties (i.e., how the feature influences fitness) and the spatial and temporal scale considered. For herbivores, habitat use is expected to reflect the competing risks of starvation, predation, and thermal stress, but the relative influence of each functional property is expected to vary in space and time. We examined how a dietary and habitat specialist, the pygmy rabbit (Brachylagus idahoensis), used these functional properties of its sagebrush habitat—food quality, security, and thermal refuge—at two hierarchical spatial scales (microsite and patch) across two seasons (winter and summer). At the microsite and patch scales, we determined which plant functional traits predicted the number of bites (i.e., foraging) by pygmy rabbits and the number of their fecal pellets (i.e., general habitat use). Pygmy rabbits used microsites and patches more intensely that had higher crude protein and aerial concealment cover and were closer to burrows. Food quality was more influential when rabbits used microsites within patches. Security was more influential in winter than summer, and more at Cedar Gulch than Camas. However, the influence of functional properties depended on phytochemical and structural properties of sagebrush and was not spatiotemporally consistent. These results show function‐dependent habitat use that varied according to specific activities by a central‐place browsing herbivore. Making spatially explicit predictions of the relative value of habitat features that influence different types of habitat use (i.e., foraging, hiding, and thermoregulating) will improve how we predict patterns of habitat use by herbivores and how we monitor and manage functional traits within habitats for wildlife.