bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conical petal epidermal cells, regulated by the MYB transcription factor MIXTA, have an ancient origin within the angiosperms
Authors: Reed Alison , Rudall Paula J , Brockington Samuel F , Glover Beverley J 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Conical epidermal cells occur on the tepals (perianth organs, typically petals and/or sepals) of the majority of animal-pollinated angiosperms, where they play both visual and tactile roles in pollinator attraction, providing grip to foraging insects, and enhancing colour, temperature, and hydrophobicity. To explore the evolutionary history of conical epidermal cells in angiosperms, we surveyed the tepal epidermis in representative species of the ANA-grade families, the early-diverging successive sister lineages to all other extant angiosperms, and analysed the function of a candidate regulator of cell outgrowth from Cabomba caroliniana (Nymphaeales). We identified conical cells in at least two genera from different families (Austrobaileya and Cabomba). A single SBG9 MYB gene was isolated from C. caroliniana and found to induce strong differentiation of cellular outgrowth, including conical cells, when ectopically expressed in Nicotiana tabacum. Ontogenetic analysis and quantitative reverse transcription–PCR established that CcSBG9A1 is spatially and temporally expressed in a profile which correlates with a role in conical cell development. We conclude that conical or subconical cells on perianth organs are ancient within the angiosperms and most probably develop using a common genetic programme initiated by a SBG9 MYB transcription factor.
The Lived Experience of Military Women With Chronic Pain: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Peppard Sandra W , Burkard Joseph , Georges Jane , Dye Judy 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Chronic pain, a persistent or recurrent pain lasting more than 3 months, is a widespread problem among military women due to combat-related injuries and post-deployment stressors. Risk factors associated with chronic pain include gender, mental health, post-traumatic stress disorder, and prior physical or military sexual trauma. The most common prevalence of chronic pain is musculoskeletal (e.g., low back and neck), migraine, osteoarthritis, and fibromyalgia. Following deployment, 25% of military women are at risk for chronic pain. Military women are prescribed opioids for pain at a higher rate than men and are at risk for prescription opioid addiction. The unique medical needs of military women, including chronic pain, are poorly understood by health care providers and need to be addressed to achieve full integration into the military. The purpose of this study was to explore a typical day for military women living with chronic pain by examining the participants’ daily life experiences.

Material and Methods
Using van Manen’s approach, 13 active duty, retired, and veteran women were interviewed to explore these lived experiences. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at the University of San Diego.

Results
Eight themes emerged from an analysis of the participants’ experiences: (1) chronic pain is a frustrating, persistent, daily, and an hourly struggle; (2) resilience in living with chronic pain is the new normal; (3) mission first and the impact of invisible pain; (4) self-care management and internal locus of control with nonpharmacological therapies; (5) pain accepted and managed to improve quality of life; (6) coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diminished social interactions; (7) pain of sexual trauma is not reported; and (8) disparities in health care due to self-perception of provider bias as pain is not understood.

Conclusions
The study generated new knowledge in Force Health Protection, ensuring (1) a fit and operational readiness force; (2) pre- to post-deployment care for women warriors; and (3) access to health care. The study findings supported previous research and could help direct future research into nursing, medicine, and allied health treatments for military and veterans’ gender-specific health care, education, and training. Furthermore, the military women in this study provided insight into the need for future research to explore unconscious gender bias, health disparities, and a raised awareness of military women living with chronic pain. Findings from this study merit further exploration using other qualitative research methodologies including mixed methods.
Hydrogen emission from accretion and outflow in T Tauri stars
Authors: Wilson T J G , Matt S , Harries T J , Herczeg G J 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Radiative transfer modelling offers a powerful tool for understanding the enigmatic hydrogen emission lines from T Tauri stars. This work compares optical and near-IR spectroscopy of 29 T Tauri stars with our grid of synthetic line profiles. The archival spectra, obtained with VLT/X-Shooter, provide simultaneous coverage of many optical and infrared hydrogen lines. The observations exhibit similar morphologies of line profiles seen in other studies. We used the radiative transfer code torus to create synthetic H α, Pa β, Pa γ, and Br γ emission lines for a fiducial T Tauri model that included axisymmetric magnetospheric accretion and a polar stellar wind. The distribution of Reipurth types and line widths for the synthetic H α lines is similar to the observed results. However, the modelled infrared lines are narrower than the observations by ${\approx}80\,{~\rm km\,s}^{-1}$, and our models predict a significantly higher proportion (≈90 per cent) of inverse P-Cygni profiles. Furthermore, our radiative transfer models suggest that the frequency of P-Cygni profiles depends on the ratio of the mass-loss to mass accretion rates and blue-shifted sub-continuum absorption was predicted for mass-loss rates as low as 10−12 M⊙ yr−1. We explore the effect of rotation, turbulence, and the contributions from red-shifted absorption in an attempt to explain the discrepancy in widths. Our findings show that, singularly, none of these effects is sufficient to explain the observed disparity. However, a combination of rotation, turbulence, and non-axisymmetric accretion may improve the fit of the models to the observed data.
A NuSTAR and Swift view of the hard state of MAXI J1813−095
Authors: Jiang Jiachen , Buisson Douglas J K , Dauser Thomas , Fabian Andrew C , Fürst Felix , Gallo Luigi C , Harrison Fiona A , Parker Michael L , Steiner James F , Tomsick John A , Ubach Santiago , Walton Dominic J 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
We present an analysis of the NuSTAR and Swift spectra of the black hole candidate MAXI J1813−095 in a failed-transition outburst in 2018. The NuSTAR observations show evidence of reflected emission from the inner region of the accretion disc. By modelling the reflection component in the spectra, we find a disc inner radius of Rin &lt; 7 rg. This result suggests that either a slightly truncated disc or a non-truncated disc forms at a few per cent of the Eddington limit in MAXI J1813−095. Our best-fitting reflection models indicate that the geometry of the innermost accretion remains consistent during the period of NuSTAR observations. The spectral variability of MAXI J1813−095 from multi-epoch observations is dominated by the variable photon index of the Comptonization emission.
The Three Hundred project: The gizmo-simba run
Authors: Cui Weiguang , Dave Romeel , Knebe Alexander , Rasia Elena , Gray Meghan , Pearce Frazer , Power Chris , Yepes Gustavo , Anbajagane Dhayaa , Ceverino Daniel , Contreras-Santos Ana , de Andres Daniel , De Petris Marco , Ettori Stefano , Haggar Roan , Li Qingyang , Wang Yang , Yang Xiaohu , Borgani Stefano , Dolag Klaus , Zu Ying , Kuchner Ulrike , Cañas Rodrigo , Ferragamo Antonio , Gianfagna Giulia 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
We introduce gizmo-simba, a new suite of galaxy cluster simulations within The Three Hundred project. The Three Hundred consists of zoom re-simulations of 324 clusters with $M_{200}\gtrsim 10^{14.8}\, \mathrm{M}_\odot$ drawn from the MultiDark-Planck N-body simulation, run using several hydrodynamic and semi-analytical codes. The gizmo-simba suite adds a state-of-the-art galaxy formation model based on the highly successful Simba simulation, mildly re-calibrated to match $z$ = 0 cluster stellar properties. Comparing to The Three Hundred zooms run with gadget-x, we find intrinsic differences in the evolution of the stellar and gas mass fractions, BCG ages, and galaxy colour–magnitude diagrams, with gizmo-simba generally providing a good match to available data at $z$ ≈ 0. gizmo-simba’s unique black hole growth and feedback model yields agreement with the observed BH scaling relations at the intermediate-mass range and predicts a slightly different slope at high masses where few observations currently lie. Gizmo-Simba provides a new and novel platform to elucidate the co-evolution of galaxies, gas, and black holes within the densest cosmic environments.
Hot white dwarf candidates from the IGAPS-GALEX cross-match
Authors: Gómez-Muñoz M A , Sabin L , Raddi R , Wells R D 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
White dwarf (WD) stars are often associated with the central stars of planetary nebulae (CSPNe) on their way to the cooling track. A large number of WD star candidates have been identified; thanks to optical large-scale surveys such as Gaia DR2 and EDR3. However, hot-WD/CSPNe stars are quite elusive in optical bands due to their high temperatures and low-optical luminosities. The Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) matched with the INT Galactic Plane Survey (IGAPS) allowed us to identify hot-WD candidates by combining the GALEX far-UV (FUV)and near-UV (NUV)with optical photometric bands (g, r, i, and Hα). After accounting for source confusion and filtering bad photometric data, a total of 236 485 sources were found in the GALEX and IGAPS footprint (GaPHAS). A preliminary selection of hot stellar sources was made using the GALEX colour cut on FUV−NUV&gt; −0.53, yielding 74 hot-WD candidates. We analysed their spectral energy distribution (SED) by developing a fitting program for single- and two-body SED using an MCMC algorithm; 41 are probably binary systems (a binary fraction of ∼55 per cent was estimated). Additionally, we classified the WD star candidates using different infrared (IR) colours available for our sample, obtaining similar results as in the SED analysis for the single and binary systems. This supports the strength of the fitting method and the advantages of the combination of GALEX UV with optical photometry. Ground-based time-series photometry and spectra are required in order to confirm the nature of the WD star candidates.
SLC46A3 is a lysosomal proton-coupled steroid conjugate and bile acid transporter involved in transport of active catabolites of T-DM1
Authors: Tomabechi Ryuto , Kishimoto Hisanao , Sato Taeka , Saito Naoki , Kiyomiya Keisuke , Takada Tappei , Higuchi Kei , Shirasaka Yoshiyuki , Inoue Katsuhisa 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) represent a new class of cancer therapeutics that enable targeted delivery of cytotoxic drugs to cancer cells. Although clinical efficacy has been demonstrated for ADC therapies, resistance to these conjugates may occur. Recently, SLC46A3, a lysosomal membrane protein, was revealed to regulate the efficacy of trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1), a noncleavable ADC that has been widely used for treating breast cancer. However, the role of SLC46A3 in mediating T-DM1 cytotoxicity remains unclear. In this study, we discovered the function of SLC46A3 as a novel proton-coupled steroid conjugate and bile acid transporter. SLC46A3 preferentially recognized lipophilic steroid conjugates and bile acids as endogenous substrates. In addition, we found that SLC46A3 directly transports Lys-SMCC-DM1, a major catabolite of T-DM1, and potent SLC46A3 inhibitors attenuate the cytotoxic effects of T-DM1, suggesting a role in the escape of Lys-SMCC-DM1 from the lysosome into the cytoplasm. Our findings reveal the molecular mechanism by which T-DM1 kills cancer cells and may contribute to the rational development of ADCs that target SLC46A3.
HIV-1 mutants that escape the cytotoxic T-lymphocytes are defective in viral DNA integration
Authors: Balasubramaniam Muthukumar , Davids Benem-Orom , Bryer Alex , Xu Chaoyi , Thapa Santosh , Shi Jiong , Aiken Christopher , Pandhare Jui , Perilla Juan R , Dash Chandravanu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
HIV-1 replication is durably controlled without antiretroviral therapy (ART) in certain infected individuals called elite controllers (ECs). These individuals express specific human leukocyte antigens (HLA) that tag HIV-infected cells for elimination by presenting viral epitopes to CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL). In HIV-infected individuals expressing HLA-B27, CTLs primarily target the viral capsid protein (CA)-derived KK10 epitope. While selection of CA mutation R264K helps HIV-1 escape this potent CTL response, the accompanying fitness cost severely diminishes virus infectivity. Interestingly, selection of a compensatory CA mutation S173A restores HIV-1 replication. However, the molecular mechanism(s) underlying HIV-1 escape from this ART-free virus control by CTLs is not fully understood. Here, we report that the R264K mutation-associated infectivity defect arises primarily from impaired HIV-1 DNA integration, which is restored by the S173A mutation. Unexpectedly, the integration defect of the R264K variant was also restored upon depletion of the host cyclophilin A. These findings reveal a nuclear crosstalk between CA and HIV-1 integration as well as identify a previously unknown role of cyclophilin A in viral DNA integration. Finally, our study identifies a novel immune escape mechanism of an HIV-1 variant escaping a CA-directed CTL response.
Probing the entanglement of operator growth
Authors: Patramanis Dimitrios 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this work we probe the operator growth for systems with Lie symmetry using tools from quantum information. Namely, we investigate the Krylov complexity, entanglement negativity, entanglement entropy, and capacity of entanglement for systems with SU(1,1) and SU(2) symmetry. Our main tools are two-mode coherent states, whose properties allow us to study the operator growth and its entanglement structure for any system in a discrete series representation of the groups under consideration. Our results verify that the quantities of interest exhibit certain universal features in agreement with the universal operator growth hypothesis. Moreover, we illustrate the utility of this approach relying on symmetry as it significantly facilitates the calculation of quantities probing operator growth. In particular, we argue that the use of the Lanczos algorithm, which has been the most important tool in the study of operator growth so far, can be circumvented and all the essential information can be extracted directly from symmetry arguments.
Eye Movement Patterns Can Distinguish Schizophrenia From the Major Affective Disorders and Healthy Control Subjects
Authors: St Clair David , MacLennan Graeme , Beedie Sara A , Nouzová Eva , Lemmon Helen , Rujescu Dan , Benson Philip J , McIntosh Andrew , Nath Mintu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background and hypothesis
No objective tests are currently available to help diagnosis of major psychiatric disorders. This study evaluates the potential of eye movement behavior patterns to predict schizophrenia subjects compared to those with major affective disorders and control groups.

Study design
Eye movements were recorded from a training set of UK subjects with schizophrenia (SCZ; n = 120), bipolar affective disorder (BPAD; n = 141), major depressive disorder (MDD; n = 136), and healthy controls (CON; n = 142), and from a hold-out set of 133 individuals with proportional group sizes. A German cohort of SCZ (n = 60) and a Scottish cohort of CON subjects (n = 184) acted as a second semi-independent test set. All patients met DSMIV and ICD10 criteria for SCZ, BPAD, and MDD. Data from 98 eye movement features were extracted. We employed a gradient boosted (GB) decision tree multiclass classifier to develop a predictive model. We calculated the area under the curve (AUC) as the primary performance metric.

Study results
Estimates of AUC in one-versus-all comparisons were: SCZ (0.85), BPAD (0.78), MDD (0.76), and CON (0.85). Estimates on part-external validation were SCZ (0.89) and CON (0.65). In all cases, there was good specificity but only moderate sensitivity. The best individual discriminators included free viewing, fixation duration, and smooth pursuit tasks. The findings appear robust to potential confounders such as age, sex, medication, or mental state at the time of testing.

Conclusions
Eye movement patterns can discriminate schizophrenia from major mood disorders and control subjects with around 80% predictive accuracy.
Analysis of critical success factors for blockchain technology implementation in healthcare sector
Authors: Bali Shivani , Bali Vikram , Mohanty Rajendra Prasad , Gaur Dev 
Published: May 2022

PurposeRecently, blockchain technology (BT) has resolved healthcare data management challenges. It helps healthcare providers automate medical records and mining to aid in data sharing and making more accurate diagnoses. This paper attempts to identify the critical success factors (CSFs) for successfully implementing BT in healthcare.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is methodologically structured in four phases. The first phase leads to identifying success factors by reviewing the extant literature. In the second phase, expert opinions were solicited to authenticate the critical success factors required to implement BT in the healthcare sector. Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method was employed to find the cause-and-effect relationship among the third phase’s critical success factors. In phase 4, the authors resort to validating the final results and findings.FindingsBased on the analysis, 21 CSFs were identified and grouped under six dimensions. After applying the DEMATEL technique, nine factors belong to the causal group, and the remaining 12 factors fall under the effect group. The top three influencing factors of blockchain technology implementation in the healthcare ecosystem are data transparency, track and traceability and government support, whereas; implementation cost was the least influential.Originality/valueThis study provides a roadmap and may facilitate healthcare professionals to overcome contemporary challenges with the help of BT.
Jaya Honey Badger optimization-based deep neuro-fuzzy network structure for detection of (SARS-CoV) Covid-19 disease by using respiratory sound signals
Authors: Dar Jawad Ahmad , Srivastava Kamal Kr , Lone Sajaad Ahmad 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThe Covid-19 prediction process is more indispensable to handle the spread and death occurred rate because of Covid-19. However early and precise prediction of Covid-19 is more difficult because of different sizes and resolutions of input image. Thus these challenges and problems experienced by traditional Covid-19 detection methods are considered as major motivation to develop JHBO-based DNFN.Design/methodology/approachThe major contribution of this research is to design an effectual Covid-19 detection model using devised JHBO-based DNFN. Here, the audio signal is considered as input for detecting Covid-19. The Gaussian filter is applied to input signal for removing the noises and then feature extraction is performed. The substantial features, like spectral roll-off, spectral bandwidth, Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC), spectral flatness, zero crossing rate, spectral centroid, mean square energy and spectral contract are extracted for further processing. Finally, DNFN is applied for detecting Covid-19 and the deep leaning model is trained by designed JHBO algorithm. Accordingly, the developed JHBO method is newly designed by incorporating Honey Badger optimization Algorithm (HBA) and Jaya algorithm.FindingsThe performance of proposed hybrid optimization-based deep learning algorithm is estimated by means of two performance metrics, namely testing accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of 0.9176, 0.9218 and 0.9219.Research limitations/implicationsThe JHBO-based DNFN approach is developed for Covid-19 detection. The developed approach can be extended by including other hybrid optimization algorithms as well as other features can be extracted for further improving the detection performance.Practical implicationsThe proposed Covid-19 detection method is useful in various applications, like medical and so on.Originality/valueDeveloped JHBO-enabled DNFN for Covid-19 detection: An effective Covid-19 detection technique is introduced based on hybrid optimization–driven deep learning model. The DNFN is used for detecting Covid-19, which classifies the feature vector as Covid-19 or non-Covid-19. Moreover, the DNFN is trained by devised JHBO approach, which is introduced by combining HBA and Jaya algorithm.
Who wins the paralympic medals? An analysis of the socio-economic determinants
Authors: Lui Cheuk-Wing , Lui Hon-Kwong 
Published: May 2022

PurposeWhile the Olympic Games are always under the spotlight, the Paralympic Games are somehow ignored. This paper aims to invite the general public to think about the para-athletes and the differential treatments they received.Design/methodology/approachAmong the participating countries, many of them were unable to win a single Olympic or Paralympic medal. When the dependent variable is left-censored, ordinary least squares regression is asymptotically biased downwards. In the literature, researchers typically employ the maximum likelihood Tobit model to take care of the censoring problem. However, some researchers argue that the Hurdle model has an advantage over the Tobit model in identifying the determinants of winning Olympic medals. Following their wisdom, this paper employs both the Tobit and Hurdle models in analysis.FindingsThe empirical evidence gathered in this paper suggests that population size, host status and average years of schooling are the big three socio-economic determinants when it comes to winning medals at the Paralympic Games and Olympic Games. The findings support the hypothesis that sports talent is randomly distributed and a large country has a higher chance to have talented athletes or para-athletes winning the Olympic medals. The strong host advantage also showed up in the following Paralympics but was not so strong at the next Olympics.Originality/valueThis paper not only examines the relationship between various social, economic and political factors in determining the success of a nation in the Paralympic Games but also attempts to identify possible non-traditional determinants.