bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The diurnal and seasonal variability of ice-nucleating particles at the High Altitude Station Jungfraujoch (3580 m a.s.l.), Switzerland
Authors: Brunner Cyril , Brem Benjamin T. , Collaud Coen Martine , Conen Franz , Steinbacher Martin , Gysel-Beer Martin , Kanji Zamin A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Cloud radiative properties, cloud lifetime, and precipitation initiation are strongly influenced by the cloud phase. Between ∼ 235 and 273 K, ice-nucleating particles (INPs) are responsible for the initial phase transition from the liquid to the ice phase in cloud hydrometeors.
This study analyzes immersion-mode INP concentrations measured at 243 K at the High Altitude Research Station Jungfraujoch (3580 m a.s.l.) between February 2020 and January 2021, thereby presenting the longest continuous, high-resolution (20 min) data set of online INP measurements to date. The high time resolution and continuity allow us to study the seasonal and the diurnal variability of INPs.
After exclusion of special events, like Saharan dust events (SDEs), we found a seasonal cycle of INPs, highest in April (median in spring 3.1 INP std L−1) followed by summer (median:
1.6 INP std L−1) and lowest in fall and winter (median: 0.5 and 0.7 INP std L−1, respectively). Pollen or subpollen particles were deemed unlikely to be responsible for elevated INP concentrations in spring and summer, as periods with high pollen loads from nearby measurement stations do not coincide with the periods of high INP concentrations. Furthermore, for days when the site was purely in the free troposphere (FT), no diurnal cycle in INP concentrations was observed, while days with boundary layer intrusions (BLIs) showed a diurnal cycle. The seasonal and diurnal variability of INPs during periods excluding SDEs is within a factor of 7 and 3.3, respectively, significantly lower than the overall variability observed in INP concentration including SDEs of more than 3 orders of magnitude, when peak values result from SDEs. The median INP concentration over the analyzed 12 months was 1.2 INP std L−1 for FT periods excluding SDEs and 1.4 INP std L−1 for both FT and BLI, and including SDEs, reflecting that despite SDEs showing strong but comparatively brief INP signals, they have a minor impact on the observed annual median INP concentration.
The SPARC Water Vapor Assessment II: assessment of satellite measurements of upper tropospheric humidity
Authors: Read William G. , Stiller Gabriele , Lossow Stefan , Kiefer Michael , Khosrawi Farahnaz , Hurst Dale , Vömel Holger , Rosenlof Karen , Dinelli Bianca M. , Raspollini Piera , Nedoluha Gerald E. , Gille John C. , Kasai Yasuko , Eriksson Patrick , Sioris Christopher E. , Walker Kaley A. , Weigel Katja , Burrows John P. , Rozanov Alexei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Nineteen limb-viewing data sets (occultation, passive thermal, and UV scattering) and two nadir
upper tropospheric humidity (UTH) data sets are intercompared and also compared to frost-point hygrometer
balloon sondes. The upper troposphere considered here covers the pressure range from 300–100 hPa.
UTH is a challenging measurement, because concentrations
vary between 2–1000 ppmv (parts per million by volume), with sharp changes in vertical
gradients near the tropopause. Cloudiness in this region
also makes the measurement challenging. The atmospheric temperature is also highly
variable ranging from 180–250 K. The assessment of satellite-measured UTH
is based on coincident comparisons with balloon frost-point hygrometer
sondes, multi-month mapped comparisons, zonal mean time series comparisons, and
coincident satellite-to-satellite comparisons. While the satellite fields show
similar features in maps and time series, quantitatively they can differ by a
factor of 2 in concentration, with strong dependencies on the amount of UTH.
Additionally, time-lag response-corrected Vaisala RS92 radiosondes are
compared to satellites and the frost-point hygrometer measurements. In summary,
most satellite data sets reviewed here show on average ∼30 % agreement
amongst themselves and frost-point data but with an additional ∼30 %
variability about the mean bias. The Vaisala RS92 sonde, even with a time-lag
correction, shows poor behavior for pressures less than 200 hPa.
Retrieval of greenhouse gases from GOSAT and GOSAT-2 using the FOCAL algorithm
Authors: Noël Stefan , Reuter Maximilian , Buchwitz Michael , Borchardt Jakob , Hilker Michael , Schneising Oliver , Bovensmann Heinrich , Burrows John P. , Di Noia Antonio , Parker Robert J. , Suto Hiroshi , Yoshida Yukio , Buschmann Matthias , Deutscher Nicholas M. , Feist Dietrich G. , Griffith David W. T. , Hase Frank , Kivi Rigel , Liu Cheng , Morino Isamu , Notholt Justus , Oh Young-Suk , Ohyama Hirofumi , Petri Christof , Pollard David F. , Rettinger Markus , Roehl Coleen , Rousogenous Constantina , Sha Mahesh Kumar , Shiomi Kei , Strong Kimberly , Sussmann Ralf , Té Yao , Velazco Voltaire A. , Vrekoussis Mihalis , Warneke Thorsten 
Published: June 2022

Abstract. We show new results from an updated version of the Fast atmOspheric
traCe gAs retrievaL (FOCAL) retrieval method applied to measurements
of the Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT) and its successor
GOSAT-2.
FOCAL was originally developed for estimating the total column carbon
dioxide mixing ratio (XCO2) from spectral measurements made by the
Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2).
However, depending on the available spectral windows, FOCAL also
successfully retrieves total column amounts for other atmospheric
species and their uncertainties within one single retrieval.
The main focus of the current paper is on methane (XCH4; full-physics and proxy product), water vapour (XH2O) and the
relative ratio of semi-heavy water (HDO) to water vapour
(δD).
Due to the extended spectral range of GOSAT-2, it is also possible to
derive information on carbon monoxide (XCO) and nitrous oxide
(XN2O) for which we also show first results.
We also present an update on XCO2 from both instruments. For XCO2, the new FOCAL retrieval (v3.0) significantly increases
the number of valid data compared with the previous FOCAL retrieval
version (v1) by 50 % for GOSAT and about a factor of 2 for GOSAT-2
due to relaxed pre-screening and improved post-processing.
All v3.0 FOCAL data products show reasonable spatial distribution and
temporal variations.
Comparisons with the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) result
in station-to-station biases which are generally in line with the
reported TCCON uncertainties. With this updated version of the GOSAT-2 FOCAL data, we provide a
first total column average XN2O product.
Global XN2O maps show a gradient from the tropics
to higher latitudes on the order of 15 ppb, which can be
explained by variations in tropopause height.
The new GOSAT-2 XN2O product compares well with TCCON.
Its station-to-station variability is lower than 2 ppb,
which is about the magnitude of the typical
N2O variations close to the surface.
However, both GOSAT-2 and TCCON measurements show that the seasonal
variations in the total column average XN2O are on the order
of 8 ppb peak-to-peak, which can be easily resolved by the GOSAT-2 FOCAL
data.
Noting that only few XN2O measurements from satellites exist so
far, the GOSAT-2 FOCAL product will be a valuable contribution in
this context.
Satellite measurements of peroxyacetyl nitrate from the Cross-Track Infrared Sounder: comparison with ATom aircraft measurements
Authors: Payne Vivienne H. , Kulawik Susan S. , Fischer Emily V. , Brewer Jared F. , Huey L. Gregory , Miyazaki Kazuyuki , Worden John R. , Bowman Kevin W. , Hintsa Eric J. , Moore Fred , Elkins James W. , Juncosa Calahorrano Julieta 
Published: June 2022

Abstract. We present an overview of an optimal estimation algorithm to retrieve peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) from single-field-of-view Level 1B radiances measured by the Cross-Track Infrared Sounder (CrIS). CrIS PAN retrievals show peak sensitivity in the mid-troposphere, with degrees of
freedom for signal less than or equal to 1.0. We show comparisons with two
sets of aircraft measurements from the Atmospheric Tomography Mission
(ATom), the PAN and Trace Hydrohalocarbon ExpeRiment (PANTHER) and the
Georgia Tech chemical ionization mass spectrometer (GT-CIMS). We find a
systematic difference between the two aircraft datasets, with vertically
averaged mid-tropospheric values from the GT-CIMS around 14 % lower than equivalent values from PANTHER. However, the two sets of aircraft
measurements are strongly correlated (R2 value of 0.92) and do provide
a consistent view of the large-scale variation of PAN. We demonstrate that
the retrievals of PAN from CrIS show skill in measurement of these
large-scale PAN distributions in the remote mid-troposphere compared to the
retrieval prior. The standard deviation of individual CrIS–aircraft
differences is 0.08 ppbv, which we take as an estimate of the uncertainty of the CrIS mid-tropospheric PAN for a single satellite field of view. The
standard deviation of the CrIS–aircraft comparisons for averaged CrIS
retrievals (median of 20 satellite coincidences with each aircraft profile) is lower at 0.05 ppbv. This would suggest that the retrieval error is reduced with averaging, although not with the square root of the number of observations. We find a negative bias of the order of 0.1 ppbv in the CrIS PAN results with respect to the aircraft measurements. This bias shows a dependence on column water vapor. We provide a water-vapor-dependent bias
correction for use with the CrIS PAN data.
Optical and biogeochemical properties of diverse Belgian inland and coastal waters
Authors: Castagna Alexandre , Amadei Martínez Luz , Bogorad Margarita , Daveloose Ilse , Dasseville Renaat , Dierssen Heidi Melita , Beck Matthew , Mortelmans Jonas , Lavigne Héloïse , Dogliotti Ana , Doxaran David , Ruddick Kevin , Vyverman Wim , Sabbe Koen 
Published: June 2022

Abstract. From 2017 to 2019, an extensive sampling campaign was conducted in Belgian inland and coastal waters, aimed at providing paired data of optical and biogeochemical properties to support research into optical monitoring of aquatic systems. The campaign was focused on inland waters, with sampling of four lakes and a coastal lagoon during the growth season, in addition to samples of opportunity from other four lakes. Campaigns also included the Scheldt estuary over a tidal cycle and two sampling campaigns in the Belgian coastal zone. Measured parameters include inherent optical properties (absorption, scattering and beam attenuation coefficients, near-forward volume scattering function, turbidity), apparent optical properties (Secchi disc depth, substrate and water-leaving Lambert-equivalent bi-hemispherical reflectance), and biogeochemical properties (suspended particulate matter, mineral fraction of particle mass, particle size distribution, pigment concentration, DNA metabarcoding, flow microscopy counts, and bottom type classification). The diversity of water bodies and environmental conditions covered a wide range of system states. The chlorophyll a concentration varied from 0.63 to 382.72 mg m−3, while the suspended particulate matter concentration varied from 1.02 to 791.19 g m−3, with mineral fraction varying from 0 to 0.95. Depending on system and season, phytoplankton assemblages were dominated by cyanobacteria, green algae (Mamiellophyceae, Pyramimonadophyceae), or diatoms. The dataset is available from https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.940240 (Castagna et al., 2022).
Quasi-steady circulation regimes in the Baltic Sea
Authors: Liblik Taavi , Väli Germo , Salm Kai , Laanemets Jaan , Lilover Madis-Jaak , Lips Urmas 
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Circulation plays an essential role in the creation of
physical and biogeochemical fluxes in the Baltic Sea. The main aim of the
work was to study the quasi-steady circulation patterns under prevailing
forcing conditions. A total of 6 months of continuous vertical profiling and fixed-point measurements of
currents, two month-long underwater glider surveys, and numerical modeling were
applied in the central Baltic Sea. The vertical structure of currents was
strongly linked to the location of the two pycnoclines: the seasonal
thermocline and the halocline. The vertical movements of pycnoclines and
velocity shear maxima were synchronous. The quasi-steady circulation
patterns were in geostrophic balance and highly persistent. The persistent
patterns included circulation features such as upwelling, downwelling, and
boundary currents, as well as a sub-halocline gravity current. The patterns had a
prevailing zonal scale of 5–60 km as well as considerably higher magnitude and
different direction than the long-term mean circulation pattern. A northward (southward) geostrophic boundary current in the upper layer was
observed along the eastern coast of the central Baltic in the case of
southwesterly (northerly) wind. The geostrophic current at the boundary was
often a consequence of wind-driven, across-shore advection. The sub-halocline quasi-permanent gravity current with a width of 10–30 km
from the Gotland Deep to the north over the narrow sill separating the
Fårö Deep and Nothern Deep was detected in the simulation, and it was
confirmed by an Argo float trajectory. According to the simulation, a strong
flow, mostly to the north, with a zonal scale of 5 km occurred at the sill.
This current is an important deeper limb of the overturning circulation of
the Baltic Sea. The current was stronger with northerly winds and restricted
by the southwesterly winds. The circulation regime had an annual cycle due to seasonality in the
forcing. The boundary current was stronger and more frequent northward during
the winter period. The sub-halocline current towards the north was strongest
in March–May and weakest in November–December.
A Collection of Wet Beam Models for Wave-Ice Interaction
Authors: Tavakoli Sasan , Babanin Alexander 
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Theoretical models for the prediction of decay rate and dispersion process of gravity waves traveling into an integrated ice cover are introduced. The term “wet beam” is chosen to refer to these models as they are developed by incorporating water-based radiation forces, including heave damping and added mass, which are absent in most conventional models. Presented wet beam models differ from each other according to the rheological behavior considered for the ice cover. Two-parameter viscoelastic solid models accommodating Kelvin-Voigt (KV) and Maxwell mechanisms along with a one-parameter elastic solid model are used to describe the rheological behavior of the ice layer. Quantitative comparison between the landfast ice field data and model predictions suggests that wet beam models, adopted with both KV and Maxwell mechanisms, predict the decay rate more accurately compared to a dry beam model. Furthermore, the wet beam models, adopted with both KV and Maxwell mechanisms, are found to construct decay rates of disintegrated ice fields, though they are built for a continuous ice field. Finally, it is found that wet beam models can accurately construct decay rate curves of freshwater ice, though they cannot predict the dispersion process of waves accurately. To overcome this limitation, three-parameter solid models, termed Standard Linear Solid (SLS) mechanisms, are suggested to be used to re-formulate the dispersion relationship of wet beam models, which were seen to construct decay rates and dispersion curves of freshwater ice with an acceptable level of accuracy. Overall, the two-parameters wet beam dispersion relationships presented in this research are observed to predict decay rates and dispersion process of waves travelling into actual ice covers, though three-parameter wet beam models were seen to reconstruct the those of freshwater ice formed in a wave flume.
Tecnología digital y educación superior en el contexto de la pandemia
Authors: Figueroa Sarriera Heidi J. 
Published: June 2022

Este escrito aborda aspectos que inciden en el proceso de construcción de formas emergentes de relaciones sociales en el contexto del desarrollo de la tecnología digital – especialmente las redes sociales y los espacios colaborativos multimediáticos y tridimensionales. Esta discusión se sitúa en el contexto de la educación superior en los tiempos pandémicos del Covid-19 y su secuela viral. Se abordan aspectos psicosociales en el contexto de los cambios acelerados en las formas de convivencia y la gestión del proceso educativo a nivel superior. Se sugieren consecuencias que afectan el proceso cognitivo individual así como cambios en políticas institucionales que pueden implicar la transformación de la universidad como institución social y educativa.
Pengukuran Kualitas Pelayanan Jasa Pendidikan Tinggi Terhadap Kepuasan Mahasiswa Pts. X
Authors: Indrayani Rina 
Published: June 2022

Abstrak
PTS. X merupakan suatu perguruan tinggi yang ada di Bandung yang mempunyai beberapa Jurusan Program Studi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kesesuaian antara tingkat kepentingan layanan menurut mahasiswa dan tingkat kinerja yang telah diberikan kampus, sehingga akan diketahui tingkat kepuasan mahasiswa terhadap kualitas pelayanan kampus dan dapat memberikan usulan terhadap layanan yang menjadi prioritas perbaikan dan menentukan strategi pelayanan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) dan Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) yang diolah dengan software Microsoft Excel 2013l for Windows dan SPSS 20 for Windows. Kuesioner disebar ke 301. Hasil pengolahan data menjunjukkan tingkat keseseuaian harapan dengan kinerja rata-rata lebih besar dari 0,75 yang menunjukkan adanya kesesuaian dan rasa puas terhadap pelayanan yang diberikan.

Kata kunci : Service Quality, Kepuasan Mahasiswa, Pelayanan

Abstract
Higher Education “X” is a tertiary institution in Bandung that has several Department of Study Programs. The purpose of this study is to study the suitability between the level of service needs with students and the level of ability provided by the campus, so that it will increase the level of student satisfaction with the quality of campus services and can provide services that are priority in improving and improving service strategies. The method used is the method of Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) and Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) which is processed with Microsoft Excel 2013l software for Windows and SPSS 20 for Windows. The questionnaire was spread to 301. The results of data processing showed a level of conformity of expectations with an average performance greater than 0.75 which showed differences in suitability and taste of the service provided.

Keywords: Service Quality, Student Satisfaction, Service
OPTIMALISASI QUIZIZZ SEBAGAI GAMIFIKASI PEMBELAJARAN UNTUK MENDUKUNG ADAPTASI TEKNOLOGI BAGI GURU DI SMP NEGERI 21 BULUKUMBA
Authors: Saparuddin Saparuddin , P. Muhiddin , Ismail Ismail , Sahribulan Sahribulan , P Dian Dwi Putri Ulan Sari 
Published: June 2022

Adapatasi teknologi merupakan salah satu upaya yang dilakukan untuk menyiapkan guru sebgai pendidik menghadapi peserta didik saat ini yang dijuluki sebagaii generesi Z, generasi yang kesehariannya tidak terlepas dari teknologi seperti gadget, laptop dan internet. Permasalahan guru SMP Negeri 21 Bulukumba adalah belum maksimalnya penggunaan teknologi seperti komputer dan jarigan internet yang ada disekolah sebagai sarana pembelajaran. Umumnya jaringan internet hanya digunakan sebagai sarana untuk download materi berupa ppt maupun video kemudian dipresentasikan secara konvensional di depan kelas. Berdasarkan malasalah ini, maka tim pengabdi menganggap perlu dilakukannya upaya adaptasi teknogi di dalam pembelajaran berupa pemanfaatan aplikasi quizizz sebahai gamifikasi pembelajaran. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan ini berupa pelatihan dan pendampingan kepada para guru membuat instrument evaluasi dengan menggunakan aplikasi quizizz. Setelah pelaksanaan program, terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan guru di dalam membuat dan memanfaatkan quizizz sebagai sarana pembelajaran berbasis games.
Perception Of Physical Therapist Of Lahore Regarding Ethical Issues In Clinical Practice; A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Khalid Khan Abdullah , Jabbar Saima , Ashraf Iqra , Najeeb Momina , Fatima Navera , Javed Romaisa , Khalid Khan Umer , Anwar Arslan 
Published: June 2022

Ethics are broad range of thinking about expressional interdependence behaviors of human being and about situational balance between right and wrong as moral duty. Objective: The purpose of this study was to figure out ethical issues in clinical practice of physical therapy practice. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at various clinical setups in Lahore enrolling practicing physical therapists via non-probability convenience sampling technique. A sample of 249 physical therapists was extracted using sample size calculator (Confidence interval 95%). Participants were selected on the basis of inclusion criteria and responses were recorded using self-structured questionnaire whose content validity was assessed using Lynn, M.R (1986) method. The questionnaire consisted of set of opinions regarding multidimensional aspects of ethics in patient care. The data was analyzed by SPSS version 20. The analysis was based on descriptive statistics such as frequency percentages and measures of central tendency and standard deviation. The multiple responses were calculated regarding collective opinions. Results: Demographics of the participants were expressed in frequency and percentages. The results showed that professional ethics were learned by 174(70.7%) respondents during physical therapy course, by 38 (15.4%) via internet and by 34(13.8%) by other sources. On average, most of the responses regarding awareness, obligation and inter-professional relationship were reported as moderate to minimum. Conclusions: The study concluded that perception and opinions of physical therapists regarding ethical issues garnered only moderate to minimum concern about clinical practice. However, they identified a huge gap and lack of coordination with other health professional in clinical facility.
Tình trạng dinh dưỡng của người bệnh viêm gan điều trị nội trú tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa tỉnh Hòa Bình năm 2020
Authors: Nguyễn Thanh Hải , Phạm Thị Dung , Nguyễn Ngọc Minh , Nguyễn Trọng Hưng 
Published: June 2022

Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 102 đối tượng bằng cách phỏng vấn theo bộ câu hỏi và thu thập kết quả xét nghiệm trong bệnh án. Mục tiêu: Đánh giá tình trạng dinh dưỡng (TTDD) của người bệnh viêm gan điều trị nội trú tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa Tỉnh Hòa Bình năm 2020. Kết quả: Tình trạng dinh dưỡng theo BMI: tỷ lệ thiếu năng lượng trường diễn (TNLTD) 9,8%; tỷ lệ đối tượng thừa cân, béo phì (TCBP) là 8,8% và 1,0% đều gặp ở nam giới. 63,7% có tỷ số vòng eo/vòng mông cao. Tình trạng dinh dưỡng theo SGA: 46,1% SDD mức độ nhẹ/vừa (SGA-B) và 2,0% ở mức nặng (SGA-C). Viêm gan cấp có 45,7% SDD nhẹ/vừa; 5,7% SDD nặng. Viêm gan mạn, viêm gan do rượu có tỷ lệ SDD nhẹ/vừa là 37,8% và 56,7%. Tỷ lệ bị thiếu máu cao nhất ở đối tượng viêm gan do rượu, trong đó thiếu máu nhẹ là 23,3%, thiếu máu vừa là 40,0% và 26,7% thiếu máu nặng. Nhóm viêm gan do rượu cũng là nhóm có chỉ số albumin thấp chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất. Kết luận: Người bệnh viêm gan có nguy cơ SDD, tỷ lệ thiếu máu, tỷ lệ Albumin thấp cao, đặc biệt là viêm gan do rượu. Cần tăng cường sàng lọc, đánh giá và can thiệp dinh dưỡng thường xuyên tại các khoa lâm sàng, đặc biệt là các nhóm bệnh có nguy cơ cao suy dinh dưỡng.