bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preschool teachers' knowledge on traumatic dental injuries first-aid in Shanghai, China
Authors: Qiu Liyan , Jiao Xianting , Ren Fang , Shen Lixiao , Wang Junli , Li Feng 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) are considered a public health problem as it occurs frequently and negatively impacts quality of life. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of preschool staff in Shanghai with regard to TDIs first-aid and the management of broken teeth.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out among the staff at selected preschools. A stratified random sampling method was first used to identify suitable subjects. Data were obtained using a self-completed questionnaire. Results: A total of 1,069 subjects completed the questionnaire. According to the survey, 25% of teachers correctly answered that the tooth should be replanted in the original alveolar. 48% of teachers knew that avulsed teeth should be stored in a liquid environment, 66% knew that broken teeth should be stored in saline, and 11.8% knew that broken teeth could be stored in fresh milk. 35.4% of teachers with college degree or above chose to store the avulsed teeth in a liquid environment, and 5.9% of teachers with a high school degree or below made the same choice (χ2=2.890, p=0.009). Conclusions: The level of first-aid knowledge among preschool teachers in Shanghai regarding TDIs was low.
De Novo Assembly of Transcriptome Sequencing and EST-SSR development in Aesculus chinensis Bunge
Authors: Li Yuling , Mao Xin , Sun Tianxu , Liu Cuilan , Zhang Yuanshuai , Dong Yuanfu , Mao Xiuhong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Aesculus chinensis Bunge (A. chinensis Bunge), a deciduous tree in the genus Aesculus of the family Hippocastanaceae. and has ornamental, economic and medicinal values. Lack of comprehensive genetic information hinders the development and further utilization of this species and EST-SSR markers of A. chinensis Bunge have not been previously reported. For this reason we obtained A. chinensis Bunge transcriptomes using Illumina HiSeq TM2000 and de novo assembly, developed the EST-SSR markers. In this study, 74,805,734 clean reads were generated using Illumina HiSeq TM2000 and obtained 33,365 unigenes with a mean length of 1348bp after assembly. A total of 25450 (76.27%) unigenes showed similarities in at least one database including Nr (71.39%), Swiss Prot (57.03%), GO (53.31%), KO (27.13%) and KOG (19.27%). Based on the transcriptome data collected for A. chinensis Bunge, 16,103 SSR loci were detected with the distribution density of one SSR per 2.79 kb. The most dinucleotide and trinucleotide repeats were AG/CT and AAG/CTT. Then 58 primer pairs were randomly selected for polymorphism validation and 31 primer pairs were polymorphic among eight Aesculus species. A total of 167 alleles were identified, varying from 2 to 9 with a mean of 5.387 alleles per locus.
Knockdown of FOXA1 enhances the osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells partly via activation of the ERK1/2 signalling pathway
Authors: Li Lijun , Wang Yibo , Wang Zhongxiang , Ma Jianfei , Dai Chengxin , Gao Xiang , Hang Kai , pan zhijun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: The available therapeutic options for large bone defects remain extremely limited, requiring new strategies to accelerate bone healing. Genetically modified bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) with enhanced osteogenic capacity are recognised as one of the most promising treatments for bone defects.Method: We performed differential expression analysis of miRNAs between human BMSCs (hBMSCs) and human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) to identify osteogenic differentiation-related microRNAs (miRNAs). Furthermore, we identified shared osteogenic differentiation-related miRNAs and constructed an miRNA transcription network. The Forkhead box protein A1 (FOXA1) knockdown strategy with a lentiviral vector was used to explore the role of FOXA1 in the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. Cell Counting Kit-8 was used to determine the effect of the knockdown of FOXA1 on hBMSC proliferation; real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blotting were used to investigate target genes and proteins; and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and Alizarin Red staining (ARS) were used to assess ALP activity and mineral deposition, respectively. Finally, a mouse model of femoral defects was established in vivo, and histological evaluation and radiographic analysis were performed to verify the therapeutic effects of FOXA1 knockdown on bone healing.Result: We identified 22 shared and differentially expressed miRNAs between hDPSC and hBMSC, 19 of which were downregulated in osteogenically induced samples. The miRNA-transcription factor interaction network showed that FOXA1 is the most significant and novel osteogenic differentiation biomarker among more than 300 transcription factors that is directly targeted by 12 miRNAs. FOXA1 knockdown significantly promoted hBMSC osteo-specific genes and increased mineral deposits in vitro. In addition, p-ERK1/2 levels were upregulated by FOXA1 silencing. Moreover, the increased osteogenic differentiation of FOXA1 knockdown hBMSCs was partially rescued by the addition of ERK1/2 signalling inhibitors. In a mouse model of femoral defects, a sheet of FOXA1-silencing BMSCs improved bone healing, as detected by micro-computed tomography and histological evaluation.Conclusion: These findings collectively demonstrate that FOXA1 silencing promotes the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs via the ERK1/2 signalling pathway, and silencing FOXA1 in vivo effectively promotes bone healing, suggesting that FOXA1 may be a novel target for bone healing.
Improvement of the loss of corneal endothelial cells by relocating the tip of the Baerveldt® implant tube from the anterior chamber to the vitreous cavity
Authors: Honda Yuuki , Miyakoshi Akio , Tojo Naoki , Hayashi Atsushi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose: It has been reported that corneal endothelial cells (CEC) decrease faster when the tip of the Baerveldt glaucoma implant (BGI) tube is inserted into the anterior chamber than into the vitreous cavity. We investigated whether surgically relocating the tip of the BGI tube from the anterior chamber to the vitreous cavity could reduce CEC loss.Patients and Methods: The subjects were 11 consecutive patients (11 eyes) that could be followed >12 months after relocation surgery. We compared the intraocular pressure (IOP), reduction slope of CEC density and annual reduction rate of CEC density before and after relocation surgery. Results: The relocation surgery did not significantly change IOP (p=0.974). The mean preoperative and postoperative IOP were 13.1 ± 4.5 and 13.6 ± 4.3 mmHg. The reduction ratio of the CEC density was 15.4 ± 6.7 cells/mm2/year before relocation surgery and significantly slower at 8.3 ± 6.5 cells/mm2/year after relocation surgery (p=0.024). Two patients resulted in bullous keratopathy after relocation surgery.Conclusions: Relocating the tip of BGI tube from the anterior chamber to the vitreous cavity could reduce CEC loss.
Performance Analysis of DD-DPMZM based RoF link for Emerging Wireless Networks
Authors: Tamrakar Balram , Singh Krishna , Kumar Parvin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This paper demonstrates the analytical approach of Linearized Radio over Fiber (RoF) link based on Dual-Drive Dual Parallel Mach Zehnder Modulator (DD-DPMZM) by properly adjusting the phase shifters and biasing of the Mach Zehnder Modulator (MZM). Two input RF tones at 7 and 8 GHz applied in the used RoF link. The proposed RoF link consists of Mach Zehnder Modulator (MZM), Parallel combination of Mach Zehnder Modulators, optical fiber and photodetector (PD). Third Order Intermodulation Distortions (IMD3) factor act as a major issue, which is responsible as performance degradation factor. Major sources of IMD3 spurious components have been investigated and suppressed in theoretical analysis before photodetection. The proposed method is designed with the help of OptSim simulation software, to confirm and validate the analytical analysis and simulation results. Analytical analysis & simulation results show that, 40 dB suppression found in IMD3 spurious components, and 30 dB Hz2/3 enhancement found in Spurious Free Dynamic Range (SFDR), for the proposed linearized RoF link as compared to conventional MZM RoF link.
Dual NF2-YAP/TAZ immunohistochemistry is a reliable marker for the detection of NF2 alterations in diffuse pleural mesothelioma
Authors: Li Yan , Yang Soo-Ryum , Chen Ying-Bei , Adusumilli Prasad , Bialik Ann , Bodd Francis , Ladanyi Marc , Lopardo Jessica , Offin Michael , Rusch Valerie , Travis William , Zauderer Marjorie , Chang Jason , Sauter Jennifer 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
NF2 loss occurs in about 30 - 50% of diffuse pleural mesothelioma (DPM) with accumulation of YAP and TAZ in tumor nuclei. NF2 and YAP/TAZ represent potential therapeutic targets. We investigate the performance of NF2-YAP/TAZ dual immunohistochemistry (IHC) in identifying DPM that harbors NF2 alterations and in distinguishing DPM from benign mesothelial proliferations. NF2-YAP/TAZ IHC was subsequently performed on a Discovery cohort of DPM with (n=10) or without (n=10) NF2 alterations by next generation sequencing (NGS) and 9 benign cases. Cutoff values for loss of NF2 expression and YAP/TAZ overexpression by IHC were determined in Discovery cohort. Performance characteristics of NF2-YAP/TAZ IHC were investigated in a Validation cohort (20 DPMs and 10 benign cases). In the Discovery cohort, all DPMs with NF2 alterations by NGS showed NF2 IHC scores of <2 while all NF2-wildtype DPMs showed scores of >2. NF2-altered DPMs had significantly higher YAP/TAZ H-scores (p<0.001) than NF2-wildtype DPM and benign pleura (median H-scores: 237.5 (range 185-275), 130.0 (40-225), and 10.0 (0-75), respectively). NF2-YAP/TAZ IHC demonstrated 95.2%, 100%, 100% and 95%, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive and negative predictive values respectively, for detecting NF2 alterations in DPM (n=40) with NGS as gold standard and 87.5% sensitivity and 100% specificity for distinguishing DPM (n=40) from benign mesothelial proliferations (n=19). NF2-YAP/TAZ IHC has high sensitivity and specificity for detecting NF2 alterations in DPM and high specificity for malignancy, highlighting potential utility for guiding NF2-targeted therapies and distinguishing DPM from benign mimics.
EQUIP Emergency: Can interventions to reduce racism, discrimination and stigma in EDs improve outcomes?
Authors: Varcoe Colleen , Browne Annette J. , Perrin Nancy , Wilson Erin , Bungay Vicky , Byres David , Wathen Nadine , Stones Cheyanne , Liao Catherine , Price Elder Roberta 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
BackgroundDespite a publicly funded system, health care in Canada has been shown to be deeply inequitable, particularly toward Indigenous people. Based on research identifying key dimensions of equity-oriented health care as being cultural safety, harm reduction and trauma- and violence-informed care, an intervention to promote equity at the organizational level was tested in primary health care, refined and adapted, and tested in Emergency Departments (EDs).MethodsIn partnership with clinical, community and Indigenous leaders in three diverse EDs in one Canadian province, we supported direct care staff to tailor and implement the intervention. Intervention activities varied in type and intensity at each site. Survey data were collected pre- and post-intervention from every consecutive patient over age 18 presenting to the EDs (n= 4771) with 3315 completing post-visit questions in 4 waves at two sites and 3 waves (due to pandemic constraints) at the third. Administrative data were collected for 12 months pre- and 12 months post-intervention.ResultsThroughout the study period, the participating EDs were dealing with a worsening epidemic of overdoses and deaths related to a toxic drug supply, and the COVID 19 pandemic curtailed both intervention activities and data collection. Despite these constraints, staff at two of the EDs mounted equity-oriented intervention strategies; the other site was experiencing continued, significant staff shortages and leadership changeover. Longitudinal analysis using multiple regression showed non-significant but encouraging trends in patient perceptions of quality of care and patient experiences of discrimination in the ED. Subgroup analysis showed that specific groups of patients experienced care in significantly different ways at each site. An interrupted time series of administrative data showed no significant change in staff sick time, but showed a significant decrease in the percentage of patients who left without care being completed at the site with the most robust intervention activities. ConclusionsThe trends in patient perceptions and the significant decrease in the percentage of patients who left without care being completed suggest potential for impact. Realization of this potential will depend on readiness, commitment and resources at the organizational and systems levels.Trial registrationClinical Trials.gov #NCT03369678 (registration date 12/12/2017.).
Fluctuation relations for irreversible emergence of information
Authors: Arias-Gonzalez J. Ricardo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Information theory and Thermodynamics have developed closer in the last years, with a growing application palette in which the formal equivalence between the Shannon and Gibbs entropies is exploited. The main barrier to connect both disciplines is the fact that information does not imply a dynamics, whereas thermodynamic systems unfold with time, often away from equilibrium. Here, we analyze chain-like systems comprising linear sequences of physical objects carrying symbolic meaning. We show that, after defining a reading direction, both reversible and irreversible informations emerge naturally from the principle of microscopic reversibility in the evolution of the chains driven by a protocol. We find fluctuation equalities that relate entropy, the relevant concept in communication, and energy, the thermodynamically significant quantity, examined along sequences whose content evolves under writing and revision protocols. Our results are applicable to nanoscale chains, where information transfer is subject to thermal noise, and extendable to virtually any communication system.
Analysis on Current Management of Covid-19 Infectious Waste from Self-Isolation Patient towards New Habit Adaptation Era in Indonesia: A Case Study of Sumatera Island
Authors: Raharjo Slamet , Wulandari Suci , Polii Adelin Flowerina , Khair Hafizhul , Darnas Yeggi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In preparation for a new habit adaptation era, Covid-19 infectious waste of self-isolation (SI) patient at home may become a concern in Indonesia. Therefore, the current study evaluates the implementation of the infectious waste management of SI patients (households) in Padang, Medan and Banda Aceh City, Sumatera, through online questionnaires and in-depth interviews. SWOT analysis identifies strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the current condition for developing strategies and sustainable programs. Despite the national circular letter instructing the management of the Covid-19 infectious waste from SI patients having been issued, waste management is still not implemented properly. It is likely that most of the Covid-19 infectious wastes from SI patients mix with other household waste and move to the municipal landfill. A lack of concern from the government and society could be the main cause. This creates subsequent problems, such as facility and personnel shortages, lack of coordination, poor campaigns, etc., finally resulting in the low awareness and participation of society. The local government could build partnership with a third-party company and seek assistance of national and international institutions. To ensure sustainability, the Indonesian government must establish an integrated monitoring system to evaluate the program implementation at various levels.
Measuring the inequalities in healthcare resource in facility and workforce: A longitudinal study in a municipal city of China
Authors: Dong Enhong , Sun Xiaoting , Xu Ting , Wang Tao , Zhang Lufa , Gao Wei min 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
BackgroundPrevious literature has proved that the uneven distribution of healthcare resources leads to growing inequalities between the rich and the poor with respect to wellbeing and health outcomes. Reducing inequalities in healthcare resource will eliminate avoidable disparities caused by differences in geographic location, or by avoidable segmented areas in the opportunity of having adequate access to healthcare, enjoying life and pursuing one's life plans. The study, by integrating traditional methods with spatial statistics, aimed to measure time trends of inequalities in the geographical distribution of health facility and workforce ,and to detect the priority areas to optimize health resource reallocation in Shanghai, China from 2010 to 2016.MethodsThe study used secondary data from Shanghai health Statistical Yearbook and Shanghai Statistical Yearbook from 2010 to 2016. Five indicators on health resources, including the numbers of health institutions, beds, technicians, doctors and nurses were employed to quantitatively measure the healthcare resource in Shanghai. Theil index was calculated to estimate the global geographic inequalities of these resources in Shanghai. Global and local spatial autocorrelations were performed to calculate the Moran’s indices to illustrate the spatial changing patterns and identify the priority areas for healthcare resource allocation.ResultsShanghai’s healthcare resources showed generally decreasing trends of inequalities from 2010 to 2016. However, there still existed an unchanged over-concentrated distribution in healthcare facility and workforce density among different districts in Shanghai. There was a significant spatial autocorrelation in the density distribution of all resources, and some priority areas were identified for resources re-allocation policy planning.ConclusionThe findings of the study demonstrated the effectiveness of the new health reform policy on reducing the inequality of the health resrouce allocation. However, more detailed area-specific healthcare resource allocation planning and policies are required to balance the workforce distribution at district level and institution distribution at rural level. Certain geographical areas (low-low and low-high cluster areas) should be considered as policy and collaboration priorities to realize health equality in Shanghai.
Exosomal circSTRBP from cancer cells accelerates gastric cancer progression via regulating miR-1294/miR-593-3p/E2F2 axis
Authors: Wang Yin , Zou Rong , Gao Xiankui , Lu Xingjun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Much effort is underway to elucidate the molecular basis of gastric cancer (GC) and to identify predictive biomarkers. circRNAs represent the new non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that show abnormal expression within diverse cancers, such as GC. circSTRBP, for instance, is suggested to show overexpression within GC cells and tissues; however, the specific functions of this circSTRBP in cancer progression and the mechanisms involved have not been investigated.
Methods
circSTRBP levels within GC cells and tissues were measured by RT-qPCR. The stability of circSTRBP was assessed by actinomycin D and Ribonuclease R treatments. Cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis after knockdown of exosomal circSTRBP were analyzed through CCK-8 assay, transwell culture system, and tube formation assay. The interaction of circSTRBP with the predicted target miRNAs, miR-1294, miR-593-3p was evaluated by RNA immunoprecipitation chip and luciferase reporter assays. E2F2 expression was determined by western blot analysis. Moreover, this work established the xenograft tumor model for determining in vivo expression and functions of exosomal circSTRBP in gastric cancer.
Results
circSTRBP was upregulated in gastric cancer cells and tissues, and increased within GC cells-derived exosomes. circSTRBP in exosomes enhanced GC cell growth and migration in vitro, which could affect GC development through modulating E2F2 activity. Additionally, in a GC xenograft mouse model, exosomal circSTRBP was shown to promote tumor growth.
Conclusion
Exosomal circSTRBP shows critical biological effects and can modulate key pathways related to gastric cancer progression.
Is there role of lung surgery in initially unresectable non-small cell lung cancer after tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment?
Authors: Diong Nguk Chai , Liu Chia-Chuan , Shih Chih-Shiun , Wu Mau-Ching , Huang Chung-Jen , Hung Chen-Fang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: The role of lung surgery in initially unresectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment remains unclear. We aimed to assess the survival benefits of patients who underwent surgery for regressed or regrown tumors after receiving TKI treatment. Methods: The details of patients diagnosed with unresectable NSCLC treated with TKI followed by lung resection from 2010 to 2020 were retrieved from our database. The primary endpoint was three-year overall survival (OS), whereas the secondary endpoint was two-year progression-free survival (PFS), feasibility, and safety of pulmonary resection. Statistical tests used were Fisher’s exact test and Kaplan-Meier method.Results: Nineteen out of thirty-two patients were selected for the study. The patients underwent lung surgery after confirmed tumor regression (17 [89.5%]) and regrowth (2 [10.5%]). All the surgeries were performed through video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: 14 (73.7%) lobectomies and 5 (26.3%) sublobar resections after a median duration of five months of TKI. Two (10.5%) postoperation complications and no 30-day postoperation mortality were observed. The median follow-up postoperation was 22 months. The two-year PFS and three-year OS rates were 43.9% and 61.5%, respectively. Patients who underwent surgery for regressed disease showed a significantly longer three-year OS than for regrowth disease (75.0% vs 0.0%, p=0.00). TKI-adjuvant demonstrated a better two-year PFS than non-TKI adjuvant (70.1% vs 0.0%, p=0.02).Conclusion: Lung surgery after TKI treatment is feasible, safe, and prolongs survival by local control and directed consequential therapy. Lung surgery should be adopted in multimodality therapy for initially unresectable NSCLC.
Investigating the Quality of Life in Rural Areas of Tehran, Iran: Application of World Health Organization Standard Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF)
Authors: Ardestani Leila , Choobchian Shahla , Sadighi Hassan , Azadi Hossein 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This research has been an attempt to study the Quality of Life (QoL) in rural regions of Tehran, which is one of the metropolises of Iran. This survey study applied a non-experimental method in rural regions of Tehran, i.e., the causal-correlational approach, which has studied the status of QoL and its relationship with general health and life satisfaction. The statistical population of the study included 61402 households. A multi-stage random sampling method was used for sampling (n=382). The findings revealed that among the four aspects of QoL, physical health (with an average of 3.62) had the highest rank. Furthermore, the psychological health, social relations, and environmental situation were in the second to fourth ranks, respectively, with an average of 3.37, 3.17, and 3.15. The results revealed that the total score of QoL in the range of 4-20 was equal to 13.31, and in the range of 0-100, it was 58.18. Therefore, the QoL in rural areas of the metropolis of Tehran is not desirable and needs urgent care. The results of this research can be used to prioritize policy-making and planning for rural development and the achievement of millennial goals.