bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
User-Specific Parameterization of Process Monitoring Systems
Authors: Denkena B. , Klemme H. , Becker J. , Blech H. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractErrors in milling processes such as tool breakage or material inhomogeneities are a major risk to the quality of machined workpieces. Errors like a broken tool may also lead to damages to the machine tool. Process monitoring systems allow for autonomous detection of errors, therefore, promoting autonomous production. The parameterization of these systems is a trade-off between high robustness (low false alarm rate) and high sensitivity. Even though several monitoring systems have been introduced for single-item and series production, a universal parameterization technique that weighs off sensitivity and robustness does not exist. In this paper, a novel, model-independent and adjustable parameterization technique for monitoring systems is introduced. The basis for the parameterization is the material removal rate that indicates the temporal and quantitative impact of process errors (ground truth). The ground truth allows calculation of the established Fβ-score, which is used to evaluate the monitoring system. An adjustment of the β-parameter influences the weighting of sensitivity and robustness. Accordingly, the β-parameter allows to easily control the sensitivity-robustness trade-off so that the monitoring system is economic for the company’s specific situation. In this paper, a look-up table for hyper-parameters of the state-of-the-art tolerance range monitoring model is provided using the introduced parameterization approach. With this table companies and researchers can set the hyper-parameters of their monitoring models for 5-axis-milled single items user-specifically. To demonstrate, that introduced parameterization approach works for different kinds of monitoring models, a one-class support vector machine (SVM) is parameterized also.
Mason type III fractures of the radial head: ORIF, resection or prosthetic replacement?
Authors: Scoscina D. , Facco G. , Luciani P. , Setaro N. , Senesi L. , Martiniani M. , Gigante A. P. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study focused on a comparison of mid-term clinical, functional and radiographic outcomes of adults treated by open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), radial head prosthesis (RHP) and resection (RHR).

Methods
The retrospective evaluation concerned 47 surgically treated patients after a mean follow-up of 53 months. All patients were grouped according to the surgical procedure performed: 15 in the RHP group, 16 in the ORIF group and 16 in the RHR group. At the follow-up, outcome assessment was based on radiographs, range of motion (ROM) and functional rating scores.

Results
Patients treated by RHR had significantly higher mean age and shorter operation time than other two groups. Compared to ROM, flexion, extension and pronation were significantly worse in patients treated by ORIF than those in the RHP group and the RHR group. Supination was significantly better in the RHP group. However, no statistical differences were observed in functional rating scores among the three groups. Regarding complications, instability was the only cause of revision surgery in the RHP group and the RHR group. On the other hand, the ORIF group revision rate was 50% and secondary displacement was the most frequent cause of failure.

Conclusion
The ORIF group did not show good results with greater elbow stiffness and higher revision rate than the other two techniques. RHR may be suitable for elderly patients with lower functional demands as it reported good clinical results and reduced operation time.
Concept note: in vitro multi-enzyme approach to estimate crude protein and amino acid digestibility in grains for broilers
Authors: Witten Stephanie , Aulrich Karen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe knowledge of the precaecal digestibility of crude protein (CP) and amino acids (AA) has gained importance. However, since animal welfare is given high priority, animal digestibility experiments are recommended to be reduced or replaced. Thus, in vitro approaches are of interest for feed evaluation. The present study aimed for an adaption of a multi-enzyme assay. An in vitro assay to predict the precaecal digestibility of CP and AA in feedstuffs for swine was adapted to predict the standardised precaecal digestibility of CP and AA quickly in feedstuffs for broilers. In the adapted in vitro assay, the conditions of the gastro-intestinal tract of chicken were simulated in three steps, representing the crop, the stomach, and the small intestine. Samples were incubated at 41 °C for 30 min in a buffer solution at pH 6.0, for 135 min with pepsin at pH 2.6 and for 120 min with pancreatin at pH 6.4. The in vitro rate of CP disappearance of nine different cereal and legume grains was related to their standardised precaecal CP and AA digestibility previously determined in broiler chicken. Regressions between the in vitro rate of CP disappearance and the precaecal digestibility of CP for 42-day old broiler chicken had high coefficients of determination (R2 = 0.89). The adapted method has the potential to predict the precaecal digestibility of CP and AA in feedstuffs for broilers. An extension of the calibration using further samples of single and mixed feed with known precaecal digestibility of CP and AA is recommended.
Feasibility study formulation for the applicability of rigless temporary ESPs
Authors: Alarifi Sulaiman , Abdel Rahman Sherif , Al-Ajmi Mohammed 
Published: April 2022

AbstractElectrical submersible pumps (ESPs) are a well-known artificial lift technology used in the oil and gas industry to enhance production. One of the major requirements to implement ESPs is the need for a rig to install or replace failed pumps frequently. Temporary rigless ESPs (TRL ESPs) are a new technology that is being developed and tested in many parts of the world. The main advantage of this technology is its much lower installation cost compared to the conventional ESPs because it is deployable through wireline. The main drawback of this technology is the low volumes of fluids it can lift from the wellbore compared to the conventional ESPs. Therefore, it is mainly used as a temporary replacement on top of a failed ESP awaiting a workover job. The feasibility and applicability of the utilization of such technology is studied in this paper using actual field data from more than 500 wells from two fields. The added value of using TRL ESPs is to supplement the lost production volumes from the wells with failed pumps during the waiting time for workover and hence reducing the number of needed backup wells. It was found that using TRL ESPs will reduce the number of needed backup wells over a three-year period by 17–25% based on the actual historical data. Overall, the main outcome of this study is the formulation and development of the predictive model and feasibility study of the TRL ESPs using the actual field data.
Evaluating the influence of graphene nanoplatelets on the performance of invert emulsion drilling fluid in high-temperature wells
Authors: Arain Aftab Hussain , Ridha Syahrir , Ilyas Suhaib Umer , Mohyaldinn Mysara Eissa , Suppiah Raja Rajeswary 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe oil-based mud is preferred to drill highly technical and challenging formations due to its superior performance. However, the inadequate chemical and thermal stability of conventional additives have greatly influenced the performance of oil-based mud at high-temperature conditions. Therefore, it is critical to design an oil-based mud with additives that withstand and improve its performance at high-temperature conditions. The nanoparticles have emerged as an alternative to the conventional additives that can significantly enhance the rheological and filtration characteristics of oil-based mud at high-temperature conditions. In this research study, a novel formulation of OBM enhanced with GNP is formulated, and its performance at high-temperature conditions is investigated. An extensive experimental study has been performed to study the effect of graphene nanoplatelets on the rheological and filtration properties along with flow behaviour, viscoelastic properties, electrical stability and barite sagging of oil-based mud at high temperatures. The graphene nanoplatelets are characterised to ascertain their purity and morphology. The result shows that the graphene nanoplatelets exhibited efficient performance and improved the rheological and filtration properties of oil-based mud. The plastic viscosity and yield point are improved by 11% and 42%, with a concentration of 0.3 ppb. Similarly, the gel strength and barite sagging tendency are enhanced by 14% and 2%, respectively. The filtration loss is also significantly decreased by up to 62% and 46%, with 0.5 ppb concentration at 100 and 120 °C. The addition of GNP results in the formation of a thin mud cake compared to the base mud sample. The rheological modelling recommends the shear-thinning behaviour of oil-based mud (n < 1), which is correlated with the Herschel–Bulkley model. An Artificial Neural Network model is developed to predict the viscosity of OBM based on the four input parameters (concentration of nanoparticles, temperature, shear rate and shear stress). The results demonstrate that graphene nanoplatelets have a favourable impact on the performance of oil-based mud. The addition of graphene nanoplatelets, even at small concatenation, has significantly improved the properties of oil-based mud at high-temperature.Graphical abstract
Teacher self-efficacy and reform: a systematic literature review
Authors: Gordon Danielle , Blundell Christopher , Mills Reece , Bourke Terri 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTeacher self-efficacy (TSE) of pre-service and in-service teachers plays a significant role in the successful implementation of educational reforms. The purpose of this systematic literature review is to explore the interaction between curriculum and/or assessment reform and TSE. Twenty-nine empirical research studies are analysed to find factors that impact TSE during change and the support mechanisms necessary to maintain high TSE. Using the Systematic Quantitative Literature Review method coupled with Social Cognitive Theory and Sources of Self-efficacy, studies reported that environmental determinants lower TSE during reform. It was found that to support high TSE professional learning was a necessity.
Analytical solutions for fractional partial delay differential-algebraic equations with Dirichlet boundary conditions defined on a finite domain
Authors: Ding Xiao-Li , Nieto Juan J. , Wang Xiaolong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the solution of multi-term time-space fractional partial delay differential-algebraic equations (MTS-FPDDAEs) with Dirichlet boundary conditions defined on a finite domain. We use Laplace transform method to give the solutions of multi-term time fractional delay differential-algebraic equations (MTS-FDDAEs). Then, the technique of spectral representation of the fractional Laplacian operator is used to convert the MTS-FPDDAEs into the MTS-FDDAEs. By applying our obtained solutions to the resulting MTS-FDDAEs, the desired analytical solutions of the MTS-FPDDAEs are obtained. Finally, we give the solutions of some special cases.
Carbon Emission Risk and Governance
Authors: Jiang Lu , Hu Xiaokang , Zhang Gangfeng , Chen Yanqiang , Zhong Honglin , Shi Peijun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWithin the hazard and disaster risk research field, explicitly treating carbon emissions as a hazard remains rather nascent. Applying hazard and disaster risk research perspectives to seek new insights on integrated mitigation and adaptation approaches and policy measures is equally elusive. Since China’s pledge to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060, the “dual carbon” goals of carbon emission peaking and neutrality have stimulated nationwide attention, research, and policies and action plans. How to ensure that the transition pathways are on track and well-contextualized is one of the crucial challenges for policymakers and practitioners. This article examines the “risks” of missing the carbon neutrality goal at a regional scale in China, denoted as Carbon Emission Risk (CER). Carbon emissions (CE) as hazard, combined with the human socioeconomic system as exposure and human living environment, constitute the regional carbon emission environmental risk system. The “risks” of missing (or achieving) the carbon neutrality target for any region at any time, the article argues, is essentially determined by the ratio of CE to carbon absorption (CA, for uptake and removal). These variables are modified by a broadly defined “vulnerability coefficient” (Cv) that embodies both the potential for changes (decreasing CE and increasing CA), and the uncertainties of measuring CE and CA. Thus, the ratio of CE to CA is a measure of reality at any moment of time, whereas Cv indicates the overall propensity or capacity for moving the CE/CA ratio towards 1, that is, realizing carbon neutrality. Based on our calculation, CER at the provincial level in eastern China is higher than in western China. The article also calls for strengthening CER research and summarizes key measures for carbon emission risk governance.
Demineralized Dentin Matrix for Dental and Alveolar Bone Tissues Regeneration: An Innovative Scope Review
Authors: Grawish Mohammed E. , Grawish Lamyaa M. , Grawish Hala M. , Grawish Mahmoud M. , Holiel Ahmed A. , Sultan Nessma , El-Negoly Salwa A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background:
Dentin is a permeable tubular composite and complex structure, and in weight, it is composed of 20% organic matrix, 10% water, and 70% hydroxyapatite crystalline matrix. Demineralization of dentin with gradient concentrations of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, 0.6 N hydrochloric acid, or 2% nitric acid removes a major part of the crystalline apatite and maintains a majority of collagen type I and non-collagenous proteins, which creates an osteoinductive scaffold containing numerous matrix elements and growth factors. Therefore, demineralized dentin should be considered as an excellent naturally-derived bioactive material to enhance dental and alveolar bone tissues regeneration.

Method:
The PubMed and Midline databases were searched in October 2021 for the relevant articles on treated dentin matrix (TDM)/demineralized dentin matrix (DDM) and their potential roles in tissue regeneration.

Results:
Several studies with different study designs evaluating the effect of TDM/DDM on dental and bone tissues regeneration were found. TDM/DDM was obtained from human or animal sources and processed in different forms (particles, liquid extract, hydrogel, and paste) and different shapes (sheets, slices, disc-shaped, root-shaped, and barrier membranes), with variable sizes measured in micrometers or millimeters, demineralized with different protocols regarding the concentration of demineralizing agents and exposure time, and then sterilized and preserved with different techniques. In the act of biomimetic acellular material, TDM/DDM was used for the regeneration of the dentin-pulp complex through direct pulp capping technique, and it was found to possess the ability to activate the odontogenic differentiation of stem cells resident in the pulp tissues and induce reparative dentin formation. TDM/DDM was also considered for alveolar ridge and maxillary sinus floor augmentations, socket preservation, furcation perforation repair, guided bone, and bioroot regenerations as well as bone and cartilage healing.

Conclusion:
To our knowledge, there are no standard procedures to adopt a specific form for a specific purpose; therefore, future studies are required to come up with a well-characterized TDM/DDM for each specific application. Likely as decellularized dermal matrix and prospectively, if the TDM/DDM is supplied in proper consistency, forms, and in different sizes with good biological properties, it can be used efficiently instead of some widely-used regenerative biomaterials.
Dissemination of Technological Innovations of Livestock in Bangladesh: Adoption Levels and Behavioral Precision
Authors: Quddus Md. Abdul 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe study investigated the technological innovations in livestock, their dissemination and adoption performance at farm level. Thirty-two researchers were interviewed for innovated technologies. Four ecologically representative study locations were selected, and 180 livestock households were interviewed for adoption. Logistic regression analysis and behavioral precision index were the major analytical techniques. Technologies were disseminated through adaptive research or field trial, training to the farmers, extension workers and farmer’s visit to government offices. Crossbred cattle, red Chittagong cattle and vaccine for foot and mouth disease were widely adopted technologies and farmers preferred breeding-related technologies rather than health treatments. Farmers having higher education and income and contact with extension agents were significantly (p < 0.05) higher adopters than the lower education, income and no extension agents, respectively. But adoption score was significantly lower in hilly land and in river-flooded land (p < 0.01) than adoption score in peri-urban location. Farmers having experience 10–24 years and more than 25 years were 2.293 times and 3.59 times, respectively, more likely to adopt technologies compared to less than 10 years experienced. Internalization, legitimation, systemization, skill set workability and differentiation were the top ranking statements of the farmers in their behavioral precision on technology adoption. Farmer’s demand and capability to implement technology should be realized. Extension visits to farmers, intensified training programs for the rural youths and well organization among the various livestock partners should be buildup for better adoption.
From SAT to SAT-UNSAT using P systems with dissolution rules
Authors: Riscos-Núñez Agustín , Valencia-Cabrera Luis 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDP is the class of problems that are the differences between two languages from NP. Most difficult problems from DP are called DP-complete problems, that can be seen as the conjunction of an NP-complete problem and a co-NP-complete problem. It is easy to see that the problem P vs NP is equivalent to the problem P vs DP, and therefore DP-complete problems would be better candidates to attack the conjecture, since they seem to be harder than NP-complete problems. In this paper, a methodology to transform an efficient solution of an NP-complete problem into an efficient solution of a DP-complete problem is applied. More precisely, a solution to is given by means of a uniform family of recognizer polarizationless P systems with active membranes with dissolution rules and division rules for both elementary and non-elementary membranes, and later it is transformed into a solution to the problem -.
Aesthetic and ethical Attitudes
Authors: Lovibond Sabina 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe essay suggests that (despite some hostile twentieth-century criticism) there is such a thing as a characteristically ‘aesthetic attitude’, and that this idea can indeed shed light on the production and reception of works of art, as well as on the appreciation of nature. It argues, further, that the response to individual ‘particularity’ implicit in the aesthetic attitude renders this attitude continuous with that of ethical attention to – and appreciation of – individual persons: we are concerned here with distinct, but related, aspects of the valuable ‘in itself’ or ‘for its own sake’.
Beyond Stability: The politics of conventional arms control in Europe
Authors: Graef Alexander 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe conventional arms control architecture in Europe is falling apart. This article argues that classic arms control theory fails to explain this continuing process. I suggest that its underlying stability paradigm, based on reciprocity and technical measures for war prevention, has forestalled a full understanding of actual arms control practices, particularly in Europe. In this context, I illustrate that conventional arms control has evolved in three historical stages. In each of these, state actors pursued different ideal-type purposes depending on the concrete geostrategic situation: the pursuit of politico-military advantages, the formal creation of crisis stability, and the transformation of international relations. In the last decade, the overall political focus has shifted once again to the first factor. Amidst new strategic competition, states are increasingly unwilling to agree to arms control regulations and transparency measures, as these could yield advantages to adversaries.
Self-Adaptive Agents in a Dynamic Pricing Duopoly: Competition, Collusion, and Risk Considerations
Authors: Schlosser Rainer , Westphal Jan , Pörschke Mats , Maltenberger Tobias , Kaminsky Youri 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn many online markets, we observe fierce competition and highly dynamic price adjustments. Competitors frequently adjust their prices to respond to changing market situations caused by competitors’ price adjustments. In this paper, we examine price response strategies within an infinite horizon duopoly where the competitor’s strategy has to be learned. The goal is to derive knowledge about the opponent’s pricing strategy in a self-adaptive way and to balance exploration and exploitation. Our models are based on anticipated price reaction probabilities and efficient dynamic programming techniques. We show that our approach works when played against unknown strategies. Further, we analyze the mutual interplay of our self-learning strategies as well as their tendencies to form a cartel when motivated accordingly. Moreover, we propose two extensions of our model to integrate risk aversion. Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness of parallelization techniques to speed up the computation of strategies as well as their simulation.
Data-Driven Subtyping of Parkinson’s Using Acoustic Analysis of Sustained Vowels and Cluster Analysis: Findings in the Parkinson’s Voice Initiative Study
Authors: Tsanas Athanasios , Arora Siddharth 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPeople diagnosed with Parkinson’s (PwP) exhibit a diverse manifestation of heterogeneous symptoms which likely reflect different subtypes. However, there is no widely accepted consensus on the criteria for subtype membership assignment. We explored clustering PwP using a data-driven approach mining speech signals. We used data from the three English-speaking cohorts (Boston, Oxford, Toronto) in the Parkinson’s Voice Initiative (PVI), where speech and basic demographic information were collected over the standard telephone network. We acoustically characterized 2097 sustained vowel /a/ recordings from 1138 PwP (Boston cohort) using 307 dysphonia measures. We applied unsupervised feature selection to select a concise subset of the dysphonia measures and hierarchical clustering combined with 2D-data projections using t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) to facilitate visual exploration of PwP groups. We assessed cluster validity and consistency using silhouette plots and the cophenetic correlation coefficient. We externally validated cluster findings on the Oxford and Toronto PVI cohorts (n = 285 and 107 participants, respectively). We selected 21 dysphonia measures and found four main clusters which provide tentative insights into different dominating speech-associated characteristics (cophenetic coefficient = 0.72, silhouette score = 0.67). The cluster findings were consistent across the three PVI cohorts, strongly supporting the generalization of the presented methodology towards PwP subtype assignment, and were independently visually verified in 2D projections with t-SNE. The presented methodology with mining sustained vowels and clustering may provide an objective and streamlined approach towards informing PwP subtype assignment. This may have important implications towards developing more personalized clinical management of symptoms for PwP.