bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inflammation and necrosis syndrome is associated with alterations in blood and metabolism in pigs
Authors: Loewenstein Frederik , Becker Sabrina , Kuehling Josef , Schrade Hansjörg , Lechner Mirjam , Ringseis Robert , Eder Klaus , Moritz Andreas , Reiner Gerald 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Swine inflammation and necrosis syndrome (SINS) can lead to significant clinical alterations at tail, ears, claws and other parts of the body in suckling piglets, weaners and fatteners. Clinical findings are associated with vasculitis, intima proliferation and thrombosis. The syndrome can be found in newborns, indicating a primarily endogenous aetiology. It has been hypothesized that SINS is triggered by gut-derived microbial-associated molecular patterns, causing derangements in liver metabolism and activity of peripheral white blood cells involving inflammation and blood haemostasis. In order to characterize these metabolic derangements of SINS for the first time, red and white blood counts, parameters of blood haemostasis, serum metabolites and acute phase proteins in the serum were analysed in 360 piglets, weaners and fatteners, each with significantly different SINS scores.

Results
SINS scores and haematological/clinical chemical parameters were significantly associated (P < 0.05), especially in weaners and fatteners. Higher degrees of clinical SINS were associated with increased numbers of monocytes and neutrophils. Blood coagulation was altered in weaners and a thrombocytopenia was found in fatteners. Additionally, acute phase proteins, especially C-reactive protein and fibrinogen were increased in serum. Serum metabolites and serum liver enzymes were slightly altered. Aspartate transaminase levels overall exceeded physiological limit and increased in parallel with SINS scores in fatteners.

Conclusion
Clinical inflammation and necrosis at tail, ears, claws and other parts of the body were significantly associated with haematology and serum clinical chemistry, especially in weaners and fatteners. The involvement of inflammatory cells, blood coagulation, acute phase proteins and certain serum metabolites support the inflammatory-necrotising character of the syndrome and provide starting points for further studies to decipher its exact pathogenesis. The low to moderate variations seem less suitable for diagnostic use.
A combined healthy lifestyle score in relation to glioma: a case-control study
Authors: Ebrahimpour-Koujan Soraiya , Shayanfar Mehdi , Mohammad-Shirazi Minoo , Sharifi Giuve , Esmaillzadeh Ahmad 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
The evidence on the association between adherence to a healthy lifestyle and risk of glioma are scarce. This is particularly relevant to Middle Eastern countries where lifestyle factors including dietary intakes, physical activity and environmental contributors are different from other parts of the world. The aim of this case-control study was, therefore, investigating the association between adherence to a healthy lifestyle and odds of glioma among adults.

Methods
Totally, 128 newly diagnosed glioma cases and 256 age- and sex-matched controls were recruited in this hospital-based case-control study. Dietary intakes were examined by the use of a 126-item validated FFQ. International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used for measuring physical activity of participants. To construct a healthy lifestyle score (HLS), data from dietary intakes, physical activity and BMI were used. Subjects in the low risk categories of the mentioned components received the score of 1, otherwise they received the score of 0. The final HLS was computed through summing up the scores of components.

Results
After adjustment for age and sex, we found that individuals with the highest HLS score were 55% less likely to have glioma compared with those with the lowest score (OR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.22, 0.92). Additional controlling for other potential confounders made the association stronger (OR: 0.28; 95%CI: 0.12, 0.66). In terms of individual components of healthy lifestyle score, subjects with a healthy diet had 54% lower odds of glioma than those with a non-healthy diet (OR: 0.46; 95%CI: 0.26, 0.80). No significant associations were seen between physical activity level or BMI status and glioma.

Conclusion
We found evidence indicating that adherence to a healthy lifestyle, in particular a healthy diet, was associated with a lower odds of glioma. Prospective cohort studies are needed to confirm these findings.
The short-term effects and burden of particle air pollution on hospitalization for coronary heart disease: a time-stratified case-crossover study in Sichuan, China
Authors: Jiang Wanyanhan , Chen Han , Liao Jiaqiang , Yang Xi , Yang Biao , Zhang Yuqin , Pan Xiaoqi , Lian Lulu , Yang Lian 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Coronary heart disease (CHD), the leading cause of death globally, might be developed or exacerbated by air pollution, resulting high burden to patients. To date, limited studies have estimated the relations between short-term exposure to air pollution and CHD disease burden in China, with inconsistent results. Hence, we aimed to estimate the short-term impact and burden of ambient PM pollutants on hospitalizations of CHD and specific CHD.

Methods
PM10 and PM2.5 were measured at 82 monitoring stations in 9 cities in Sichuan Province, China during 2017-2018. Based on the time-stratified case-crossover design, the effects of short-term exposure to particle matter (PM) pollution on coronary heart disease (CHD) hospital admissions were estimated. Meanwhile, the linked burden of CHD owing to ambient PM pollution were estimated.

Results
A total of 104,779 CHD records were derived from 153 hospitals from these 9 cities. There were significant effects of PM pollution on hospital admissions (HAs) for CHD and specific CHD in Sichuan Province. A 10 μg/m3 increase of PM10 and PM2.5 was linked with a 0.46% (95% CI: 0.08, 0.84%), and 0.57% (95% CI: 0.05, 1.09%) increments in HAs for CHD at lag7, respectively. The health effects of air pollutants were comparable modified by age, season and gender, showing old (≥ 65 years) and in cold season being more vulnerable to the effects of ambient air pollution, while gender-specific effects is positive but not conclusive. Involving the WHO’s air quality guidelines as the reference, 1784 and 2847 total cases of HAs for CHD could be attributable to PM10 and PM2.5, separately. The total medical cost that could be attributable to exceeding PM10 and PM2.5 were 42.04 and 67.25 million CNY from 2017 to 2018, respectively.

Conclusions
This study suggested that the short-term exposure to air pollutants were associated with increased HAs for CHD in Sichuan Province, which could be implications for local environment improvement and policy reference.
Reconciling public health common good and individual privacy: new methods and issues in geoprivacy
Authors: Kamel Boulos Maged N. , Kwan Mei-Po , El Emam Khaled , Chung Ada Lai-Ling , Gao Song , Richardson Douglas B. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis article provides a state-of-the-art summary of location privacy issues and geoprivacy-preserving methods in public health interventions and health research involving disaggregate geographic data about individuals. Synthetic data generation (from real data using machine learning) is discussed in detail as a promising privacy-preserving approach. To fully achieve their goals, privacy-preserving methods should form part of a wider comprehensive socio-technical framework for the appropriate disclosure, use and dissemination of data containing personal identifiable information. Select highlights are also presented from a related December 2021 AAG (American Association of Geographers) webinar that explored ethical and other issues surrounding the use of geospatial data to address public health issues during challenging crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Genome-resolved evidence for functionally redundant communities and novel nitrogen fixers in the deyin-1 hydrothermal field, Mid-Atlantic Ridge
Authors: Pan Jie , Xu Wei , Zhou Zhichao , Shao Zongze , Dong Chunming , Liu Lirui , Luo Zhuhua , Li Meng 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Deep-sea hydrothermal vents represent unique ecosystems that redefine our understanding of the limits of life. They are widely distributed in deep oceans and typically form along mid-ocean ridges. To date, the hydrothermal systems in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge south of 14°S remain barely explored, limiting our understanding of the microbial community in this distinct ecosystem. The Deyin-1 is a newly discovered hydrothermal field in this area. By applying the metagenomic analysis, we aim at gaining much knowledge of the biodiversity and functional capability of microbial community inhabiting this field.

Results
In the current study, 219 metagenomic assembled genomes (MAGs) were reconstructed, unveiling a diverse and variable community dominated by Bacteroidetes, Nitrospirae, Alpha-, Delta-, and Gammaproteobacteria in the active and inactive chimney samples as well as hydrothermal oxide samples. Most of these major taxa were potentially capable of using reduced sulfur and hydrogen as primary energy sources. Many members within the major taxa exhibited potentials of metabolic plasticity by possessing multiple energy metabolic pathways. Among these samples, different bacteria were found to be the major players of the same metabolic pathways, further supporting the variable and functionally redundant community in situ. In addition, a high proportion of MAGs harbored the genes of carbon fixation and extracellular carbohydrate-active enzymes, suggesting that both heterotrophic and autotrophic strategies could be essential for their survival. Notably, for the first time, the genus Candidatus Magnetobacterium was shown to potentially fix nitrogen, indicating its important role in the nitrogen cycle of inactive chimneys. Moreover, the metabolic plasticity of microbes, diverse and variable community composition, and functional redundancy of microbial communities may represent the adaptation strategies to the geochemically complex and fluctuating environmental conditions in deep-sea hydrothermal fields.

Conclusions
This represents the first assembled-genome-based investigation into the microbial community and metabolism of a hydrothermal field in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge south of 14°S. The findings revealed that a high proportion of microbes could benefit from simultaneous use of heterotrophic and autotrophic strategies in situ. It also presented novel members of potential diazotrophs and highlighted the metabolic plasticity and functional redundancy across deep-sea hydrothermal systems.
Development of GERAS DANcing for Cognition and Exercise (DANCE): a feasibility study
Authors: Hewston Patricia , Kennedy Courtney , Ioannidis George , Merom Dafna , Hladysh Genevieve , Marr Sharon , Lee Justin , Sztramko Richard , Trainor Laurel , Grenier Amanda , Woolhouse Matthew Harold , Patterson Christopher , Papaioannou Alexandra 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundDance is a mind-body activity of purposeful rhythmic movement to music. There is growing interest in using dance as a form of cognitive and physical rehabilitation. This manuscript describes the development of GERAS DANcing for Cognition and Exercise (DANCE) and evaluates its feasibility in older adults with cognitive and mobility impairments.MethodsThe progressive dance curricula were delivered for 15 weeks (1-h class; twice weekly). Participants were eligible if they were community-dwelling older adults aged 60+ with early cognitive or mobility impairment able to follow three-step commands and move independently. Feasibility outcomes included recruitment/retention, adherence, participant satisfaction, safety, and adverse events.ResultsTwenty-five older adults (mean (standard deviation [SD]) age = 77.55 (6.10) years, range 68–90 years) with early cognitive (Montreal Cognitive Assessment score (SD) = 21.77 (4.05)) and mobility (92% were pre-frail/frail as indicated on the Fried Frailty Phenotype) impairments were recruited from a geriatric out-patient clinic or within the community. A total of 20/25 (80%) participants completed the study. Average class attendance was 72%, and self-reported homework adherence “most-days / every day” was 89%. A stepwise progression in the dance curricula was observed with increases in motor complexity and balance demands, and 95% of participants rated the program as a “just-right” challenge. Ninety percent of participants rated GERAS DANCE as excellent, and 100% would recommend the program to a friend or family member. Over 50% of participants connected outside of class time for a self-initiated coffee club. Adverse events of falls and fractures were reported for 2 participants, which occurred at home unrelated to the dance intervention during the study period. Pre-determined thresholds for feasibility were met for all outcomes.DiscussionGERAS DANCE is a feasible and enjoyable program for older adults with early cognitive or mobility impairments. GERAS DANCE curriculum grading (duration; sequence; instructions) and motor complexity increases in agility, balance, and coordination appear appropriately tailored for this population. Future work will explore the feasibility of GERAS DANCE in new settings (i.e., virtually online, community centers, or retirement homes) and the mind-body-social benefits of dance.
Underutilization of anticoagulants in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation in the era of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants
Authors: Park Susin , Je Nam Kyung 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are preferred over vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) as oral anticoagulant (OAC) therapy in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This study aimed to estimate the current status and risk factors of OAC underutilization in the NOAC era.

Method
A cross-sectional study using nationwide claims data was conducted. Elderly patients with NVAF at an increased risk of stroke were selected as candidates for OAC therapy before the index date (July 1, 2018). The status of anticoagulant utilization on the index date and factors influencing the use of anticoagulants was investigated in these patients.

Results
Of the 11,056 patients with NVAF who were eligible for OAC therapy, 7238 (65.5%) were receiving OAC on the index date, and 6302 (87.1%) were receiving NOACs. Patients aged ≥ 75 years had higher anticoagulant utilization than those aged 65–69 years. Among comorbid diseases, while hypertension was the most influential positive factor (odds ratio [OR] = 1.644; confidence interval [CI] = 1.445–1.869) in OAC utilization, severe renal disease was the most influential negative factor (OR = 0.289; CI = 0.200–0.416). Aspirin use had a significantly low OR (OR = 0.097; CI = 0.085–0.110) of anticoagulant use. OAC use was approximately 1.5 times higher in patients with persistent or permanent AF than in those with paroxysmal AF.

Conclusion
Approximately one-third of patients who are recommended anticoagulation therapy do not take OACs, even though the use of NOACs has become more common. It should be widely recognized that aspirin cannot be an alternative to OACs, and anticoagulant therapy should be actively implemented.
A Turkish case of incontinentia pigmenti with a deletion mutation at Inhibitor of kappa B kinase gamma gene
Authors: Ergin Filiz Başak Cengiz , Tekin Mustafa , Güneş Meltem , Güneş Begüm , Baysun Şahika , Akar Nejat 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Incontinentia pigmenti (IP) is a rare X-linked dominant disorder affecting the skin and other ectodermal tissues that is caused by a mutation of the IKBKG/NEMO gene.

Case presentation
We describe a Turkish family with IP. Sanger sequencing was performed in our patient with IP, and we identified DNA variant c.172_173delAA (p.Asn58SerfsTer79) in IKBKG. We found the same mutation in the patient's mother and grandmother.

Conclusion
Our report expands the mutation spectrum in this disorder and provides valuable information on the importance of the IKBKG. Our study shows that confirmation of the mutation analysis of IP in the suspected cases is necessary for future planning pregnancies.
Radiographic–histopathologic correlation case report of a benign intraductal papilloma upstaged to invasive lobular carcinoma
Authors: Hanna Mariam , Vonu Peter , Asirvatham Ruth , Spiguel Lisa , Gruzinova Irina 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Intraductal papilloma is a common breast lesion that may be associated with malignancy. While there is general agreement regarding surgical excision of intraductal papilloma with atypia, the management of benign intraductal papilloma is variable, involving either excision or observation. Of the small number of benign intraductal papillomas that upstage to malignancy on subsequent surgical excision, a significant number of these demonstrate malignancy in peripheral tissues adjacent to the biopsy site.

Case presentation
This report serves to illustrate two cases of benign intraductal papilloma upstaging to invasive lobular carcinoma and ductal carcinoma in situ.

Conclusion
Given the low rate of malignancy in benign intraductal papillomas, close surveillance may be recommended over surgical excision, however, generous sampling of the adjacent tissue about the target lesion should be considered.
The relationship between sleep and depression and bipolar disorder in children and young people
Authors: Comsa Monica , Anderson Kirstie N. , Sharma Aditya , Yadav Vanishri C. , Watson Stuart 
Published: January 2022

Background
Sleep difficulties are often reported in practice, and are part of the diagnostic criteria for depression and bipolar disorder.

Aims
To inform the understanding of the relationship between sleep and both depression and bipolar disorder.

Method
We conducted a narrative literature review of affective disorders and sleep difficulties in children and young people.

Results
Specific sleep disorders, such as parasomnias, narcolepsy and sleep-related movement disorders, are associated with depression, whereas insomnia, obstructive sleep apnoea and circadian rhythm disorders are associated with both depression and bipolar disorder in children and young people. Conversely, children and young people with depression can present with a number of sleep difficulties, and these are associated with higher depression severity and greater fatigue, suicidal ideation, physical complaints, pain and decreased concentration. Sleep disturbances among adolescents with bipolar disorder can affect the severity of depressive and manic symptoms, are a poor prognostic indicator and have been associated with social and academic impairment. Antidepressants and antipsychotics can directly affect sleep architecture, which clinicians need to be aware of. Non-pharmacological interventions for sleep problems could prevent and/or minimise the risk of relapse in affective disorders.

Conclusions
Sleep difficulties can occur before, during and after an episode of depression or bipolar disorder, and have a higher prevalence in affective disorders compared with the general population. A multi-modal approach would include the treatment of both the affective and specific sleep disorder. Further research is needed in this field to understand the impact of combined interventions on clinical outcomes.
Patient-reported outcomes: The anal cancer patient lived experience.
Authors: Raymond Martha , Simonetta Margaret-Ann 
Published: January 2022

2 Background: Anal Cancer incidence and deaths from the disease have been rising in the United States for the past two decades. Data published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute (11/19/2019) indicate from 2001 to 2015, anal cancer overall incidence increased by 2.7% per year and deaths rose by 3.1 % each year. This data indicates that anal cancer may be one of the fastest growing causes of cancer incidence and mortality. Now, especially with data indicating the rise in incidence rate, it is imperative that the anal cancer patient lived experience be better understood, including gaps in awareness and prevention education that may lead to earlier diagnosis. The Raymond Foundation in partnership with the anal cancer patient community is amplifying the patient voice by facilitating a series of impactful roundtable conversations to underscore the patient lived experience. Methods: From March–August 2021, the Raymond Foundation convened virtual roundtable conversations and individual interviews with 171 anal cancer patients and survivors. Overarching themes from our conversations included: Barriers to earlier diagnosis and awareness, Frustration and anger by the lack of new treatment protocols, Quality of life after diagnosis, including daily distress levels leading to allostatic load. Results: 94% of patients/survivors reported lack of anal cancer awareness and prevention education that may have led to a later stage diagnosis; 93% reported feeling stigmatized with a marked decrease in quality of life post diagnosis; 90% reported feeling embarrassed when discussing their diagnosis with family and friends; 86% reported frustration and anger by the lack of new treatment options; Anxiety (81%), Fear (78%) Depression (73%) were common daily distress concerns; Reported physical effects of the disease and treatment, include Radiation Proctitis (71%) Fecal Incontinence (68%) Urinary Incontinence (65%). Less than half (44%) of patients felt empowered and comfortable advocating for themselves regarding their healthcare and treatment decisions. Conclusions: Anal cancer patients have many unmet needs–both physical and psycho-social. Their voices and lived experiences provide a roadmap to better understand these unmet needs. Based on our patient-reported outcomes research, we will continue our outreach and partnership with the anal cancer community to provide patient support, education and awareness programs and campaigns that help meet the needs of the anal cancer patient community.