bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Biochar and Earthworm on Organic Matter Mineralization in Topsoil and Deep Soil
Authors: Zhou Jiahao , Guo Xinran , Feng Siyue , Gui Xiaoyu , Song Xin , Wang Lin , Peng Hongbo , Li Fangfang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In recent years, biochar has been widely used for soil remediation because of its good soil amendment efficacy, but the effect of biochar addition on mineralization of soil organic matter (SOM) is still controversial. Earthworms, as common soil macrofauna, may change the effect of biochar on soil carbon stabilization. Therefore, 0.5% (w/w) corn biochar was added to top and deep soils respectively in the presence or absence of earthworms for 43 days of incubation experiment. The CO2 release rates were monitored on the 2nd, 8th, 15th, 22th, 29th, 36th, and 43th days, differences in soil respiration rates and cumulative emissions were compared between biochar, earthworm and mixed culture groups, and changes in SOM composition were measured by DOC and 3D fluorescence before and after the culture groups. The results showed that the addition of biochar reduced the SOM mineralization, and the presence of earthworms significantly increase the soil respiration rate and soil carbon emission. Compared to deep soil, earthworms had a stronger respiration effect on top soil. In the short term, the addition of biochar stimulated the mineralization, especially in the topsoil, from earthworms. However, in the long time, the addition of biochar was beneficial to the reduction of the mineralization of SOM.
Parent-adolescent Communication About Contraceptives and Its Associated Factors in Bahir Dar City, North West, Ethiopia, 2022
Authors: Wubet Bethilhem , Worku Gizchew , Abeje Gedefaw 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background

Adolescent pregnancy is a serious and complex problem. An overwhelming majority of teens feel that avoiding teen pregnancy would be easier if they were able to have open discussions about contraceptives with their parents.

Objective

To assess parent-adolescent communication about contraceptives and its associated factors in Bahir Dar city, North West Ethiopia,2022 GC.

Methods

Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 821 adolescent was included in the study from June 10 to 30/2022GC. Multi stage - simple random sampling technique was used. The data was collected by using a pre-tested and structured interviewer administered questionnaire via Epicollect5. Then it was exported in to Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25 for analysis. Both bivariable and multi-variable logistic regression analysis were done. Variables with a p-value of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Result

Overall (22.3%) (95% CI: 19%-25%) of adolescent had communicated about contraceptives with their parents in the past six months. Favorable attitude toward parent adolescent communication [AOR = 4.014;95%CI: 2.618–6.155], being sexually active[AOR = 2.236,95%CI: 1.341–3.731 ], female sex [AOR = 2.675, 95%CI: 1.761–4.065], age(15–19) [AOR = 1.641,95%CI: 1.042,2.586], knowledgeable toward contraceptives [AOR = 1.661, 95%CI: 1.016–2.717],private school student [AOR = 0.451;95%CI: 0.245–0.831] and family size of ≥ 5[AOR = 2.764,95%CI: 1.791–4.267] were significantly associated with parent adolescent communication about contraceptives.

Conclusion and Recommendation:

Communication about contraceptives between adolescent and their parent was low. Parent shall give especial emphasis for male adolsecents, but not mean that negelecting the female adolsecent. It is important to encourage and empower parents to start to communicate with their adolescent while the adolescents are still in early adolescent years, before they become sexually active.
Organic Electroactive Molecules for Li-Organic Hybrid Redox Flow Battery Application
Authors: Sahoo Rajesh Kumar 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A Systematic Assessment of Quantum mechanical (density functional theory) and semiempirical methods are highly powerful techniques that allow the study of electroactive organic compounds and the discovery of organic electroactive substances for Li-hybrid redox flow batteries for the assessment of natural cathode substances. In this paper, a combination of semiempirical AM1 with PM3 calculation methods was implemented for the theoretical lumo energy for screening of a large number of quinone derivatives taking Lumo energy as a lead descriptor for selection of finer candidate and use for further analysis by DFT method B2LYP-D3 with 6-31++G (d, p) basis set was used to calculate electrochemical properties value for the detection of some best candidates for use in the new generation of Li-organic hybrid redox flow battery. The calculation of its electro-active properties using DMA as solvent. This computational screening becomes centered on comparing all molecules designed to predict the cell potentials of quinone-primarily for the design of cathode organic electroactive material for LiHRFB batteries. Additionally, we also compared the homo Lumo gap to get the best molecule that has better electron reorganization energy as compared to all the descriptors the homo-LUMO gap of the quinone derivative act as a lead descriptor for the analysis of electron reorganization energy. Solvation energy Calculation was done using the CPCM model accompanied with the aid of reduction strength calculation with DFT yielded high accuracy for finding the suitable organic molecules
Adenosine A2a receptor mediate anti-inflammation and collagen protection via cAMP/CREB/NFκB pathway in nucleus pulposus cells
Authors: Li Qingbo , Fang Weizhi , Cai Lei , Wang Zhengkun , Kou Bowen , Zhou Chuankun , Yao Zhi , Wei Mengcheng , Zhang Shishuang , Liu Weijun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose of the study:
Clinical and animal studies had indicated that both inflammation and extracellular matrix metabolism took part in intervertebral disk degeneration. In this study, we investigated the role of adenosine A2a receptor (A2aR) in intervertebral disk and intend to clarify its mechanism.
Materials and methods
Rat nucleus pulposus (NP) cells were cultured in complete medium, when cells proliferated to the third passage, cells were divided into different groups. Sterile PBS treated for control group, 10ng/ml IL-1β treated NP cells as experimental group, 10ng/ml IL-1β and 10µmol CGS-21680 were added into NP cells, NC siRNA, PKA siRNA and NFκB siRNA stimulated NP cells 24 hours respectively then treated with IL-1β and CGS-21680. Cell proliferation and inflammatory cytokines, collagen, A2aR and their signaling molecules were evaluated.
Results
IL-1β induced inflammatory cytokine (IL-6 and TNF-α) released and collagen degrading protease (MMP3) overexpression, and A2aR was decreased in NP cells. Protein expression of cAMP, PKA and CREB were decreased, but NFκB was increased. These changes could be reversed by A2aR agonist (CGS-21680). Inflammatory cytokine, MMP3 and NFκB were upregulated in NP cells treated by PKA siRNA, but collagen II was downregulated. Inflammatory cytokine and MMP3 were downregulated in NFκB siRNA treated NP cells, while the expression of collagen II increased.
Conclusion
Our study hinted that IL-1β induced inflammation and collagen degradation through A2aR, A2aR was a protective receptor. CGS-21680 as the A2aR agonist could alleviate the damage caused by IL-1β. A2aR regulated inflammation and collagen via cAMP-CREB-NFκB axis pathway in NP cells.
Curriculum satisfaction of graduates of medical residency in ophthalmology
Authors: Guimaraes Aron Barbosa Caixeta , Amaral Eliana , Carvalho Keila Monteiro 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background The number of ophthalmologists trained in Brazil has increased, but their satisfaction with the medical residency curriculum is unclear. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the satisfaction and self-confidence of graduates of a reference ophthalmology residency program in Brazil. To analyze whether there is a difference in these parameters among those who graduated in different decades. Methods This is a cross-sectional web-based study conducted in 2022 with 379 ophthalmologists who graduated from the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil. We aim to obtain data on satisfaction and self-confidence in clinical and surgical practices. Results In total, 150 questionnaires were completed (41.68% response rate); 104 respondents (65.8%) completed their medical residency between 2010 and 2022, 34 between 2000 and 2009, and only 20 before 2000. Most respondents were satisfied or very satisfied with their programs (98.7%). Respondents reported insufficient exposure to low vision rehabilitation (62.9%), toric intraocular implants (60.4%), refractive surgery (55.3%), and orbital trauma surgery (84.9%), particularly among graduates before 2010. They also reported insufficient training in certain non-clinical areas, such as office management (62.5%), health insurance management (88.7%), and personnel and administration skills (74.2%). We found that respondents who graduated a long time ago, had higher confidence in clinical and surgical practices. Conclusions Brazilian ophthalmology residents and UNICAMP graduates expressed high levels of satisfaction with their residency training programs. Those who completed the program a long time ago appear to have more confidence in clinical and surgical practices.
Protective Alzheimer’s disease-associated APP A673T variant predominantly decreases sAPPβ levels in cerebrospinal fluid and 2D/3D cell culture models
Authors: Wittrahm Rebekka , Takalo Mari , Kuulasmaa Teemu , Mäkinen Petra M , Mäkinen Petri , Končarević Saša , Fartzdinov Vadim , Selzer Stefan , Kokkola Tarja , Antikainen Leila , Martiskainen Henna , Kemppainen Susanna , Marttinen Mikael , Jeskanen Heli , Rostalski Hannah , Rahunen Eija , Kivipelto Miia , Ngandu Tiia , Natunen Teemu , Lambert Jean-Charles , Tanzi Rudolph E , Kim Doo Yeon , Rauramaa Tuomas , Herukka Sanna-Kaisa , Soininen Hilkka , Laakso Markku , Pike Ian , Leinonen Ville , Haapasalo Annakaisa , Hiltunen Mikko 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background:The rare A673T variant was the first variant found within the amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene conferring protection against Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Thereafter, different studies have discovered that the carriers of the APP A673T variant show reduced levels of amyloid beta (Aβ)in the plasma and better cognitive performance at high age.Methods:Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma of APP A673T carriers and control individuals were analyzed using a mass spectrometry-based proteomics approach to identify differentially regulated targets in an unbiased manner. Furthermore, the APP A673T variant was introduced into 2D and 3D neuronal cell culture models together with the pathogenic APP Swedish and London mutations.Results:Here, we report for the first time the protective effect of the APP A673T variant against AD-related alterations in the CSF, plasma, and brain biopsy samples from the frontal cortex. Levels of both soluble APPβ (sAPPβ) and Aβ42 were lower in the CSF of APP A673T carriers than in the CSF of controls not carrying the protective variant. Consistent with these CSF findings, immunohistochemical assessment of cortical biopsy samples from the same APP A673T carriers did not reveal Aβ, phospho-tau, or p62 pathologies. We identified differentially regulated targets involved in protein phosphorylation, inflammation, and mitochondrial function in the CSF and plasma samples of APP A673T carriers. Some of the identified targets showed inverse levels in AD brain tissue with respect to increased AD-associated neurofibrillary pathology. In 2D and 3D neuronal cell culture models expressing APP with the Swedish and London mutations, the introduction of the APP A673T variant led to lower sAPPβ levels. Concomitantly, the levels of sAPPα were increased, while decreased levels of CTFβ and Aβ42 were detected in some of these models.Conclusions:Our findings emphasize the important role of APP-derived peptides in the pathogenesis of AD and demonstrate the effectiveness of the protective APP A673T variant to shift APP processing toward the non-amyloidogenic pathway in vitro even in the presence of two pathogenic mutations.
Heat shock protein gp96 drives natural killer cell maturation and anti-tumor immunity by counteracting Trim28 to stabilize Eomes
Authors: Meng Songdong , Xu Yuxiu , Li Xin , Cheng Fang , Zhao Bao , Fang Min , Li Zihai 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The maturation process of natural killer (NK)cells determines their functionality,during which multiple transcriptional factors play a critical role. However, few checkpoints specifically targeting this process have been discovered. Here, we show that NK-specific deficiency of glucose-regulated protein 94 (gp96) led to decreased maturation of NK cells in mice. These gp96-deficient NK cells exhibited undermined activation, cytotoxicity, and IFN-γ production upon stimulation and weakened response to IL-15 for maturation. NK-specific gp96-deficient mice were prone to tumor growth in vivo. Eomes was identified as a key transcription factor involved in gp96-mediated NK maturation. Interaction between gp96 and E3 ubiquitin ligase Trim28 blocked Trim28 binding to Eomes and protected Eomes from ubiquitination and degradation. Together, our study demonstrates that the gp96-Trim28-Eomes axis plays a critical role in NK cell maturation and anti-tumor immunity in mice, suggesting a novel mechanism for gp96 in regulating NK cell immunity.
Arsenic and fluorine in groundwater in northern Mexico: spatial distribution and enrichment factors
Authors: Gutiérrez Mélida , Alarcón-Herrera Maria Teresa , Gaytán-Alarcón Ana Patricia 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
North-central Mexico has groundwater contaminated with arsenic (As) and fluoride (F). Based on the dispersion patterns of these solutes, their sources are linked to felsic volcanic rock fragments and secondary minerals (clays, iron oxyhydroxides) within the alluvium fill of the aquifers. However, little is known about the effect of the enrichment factors for F and As in this area. Natural enrichment factors include evaporation, Ca/Na, and competitive adsorption and desorption from solid phases. This study used 1,237 groundwater quality data measurements from 305 sampling sites collected between 2012 and 2019 in the state of Durango in north-central Mexico. To determine the contribution of enrichment factors to As and F content, the study area was divided into four sections, two being in the mountainous part of the state and two in the high plateaus. The data were compared among sections and analyzed using Spearman correlation and Piper and Block diagrams. The results indicate that the main solute enrichment mechanism are evaporation and weathering of silicates and evaporites. Among the four sections, As, pH, and HCO3 seemed not to vary, F varied slightly, and nitrate and total dissolved solids varied the most. The lack of variation in As among sections is associated to its strong adsorption to clay minerals and iron oxyhydroxides, whereas the diminished F content in the eastern sections is likely linked to the adsorption of F to precipitating calcite (, since groundwater is saturated with respect to calcite ( SIcalcite= 0.43) and undersaturated for fluorite (SIfluorite = -1.16). These processes shed light on the distribution of F and As in this area, and are likely operating in other states in northern Mexico and in semi-arid areas elsewhere.
Stumpless lesion improves the value of J-CTO score in predicting the antegrade procedure outcome of chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Hu Xianqing , Zhang Wenhao , Hua Rui , Li Ran , Dong Zhou , Teng Jianzhen , Ma Jiazheng , Zong Jiaxing , Li Chen , Lv Zhan , Yong Hui , Wang Tong , Tan Chunyue , Ullah Inam , Gong Xiaoxuan , Li Chunjian 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO) is one of the most challenging procedures of interventional cardiology. Debate continues with regard to the predictors that influence the antegrade procedure outcome.
Methods
The CTO PCIs were prospectively registered from May 1, 2012 to August 22, 2017 in a single center. Variables of patients' characteristics, CTO morphology, PCI strategy, procedure materials and outcomes were recorded. Multivariable logistic regression model was adopted to identify predictors of procedure outcome.
Results
A total of 193 CTO PCIs were consecutively included, and 187 antegrade PCIs were finally analyzed. The antegrade technical and procedure success rates were both 67.91%. Multivariable logistic regression indicated that stumpless lesion (OR: 2.813; 95% CI: 1.120–7.062, p = 0.028) and occlusion length ≥ 20 mm (OR: 2.196; 95% CI: 1.087–4.437, P = 0.028) independently predicted the procedure outcome. The area under the receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curve for discriminating failed CTO PCI was 0.621 (95% CI: 0.534–0.708, p = 0.008) for Japanese multicenter CTO registry (J-CTO) score, which significantly increased to 0.673 (95% CI: 0.592–0.755, p = 0.000) after modifying stumpless lesion score from 1 to 2 points.
Conclusions
Stumpless lesion and occlusion length ≥ 20 mm independently predict the antegrade CTO procedure failure. Scoring 2 points to stumpless lesion improves the value of J-CTO score in predicting the procedure outcome.
A U-shaped protection of altitude against mortality and infection of COVID-19 in Peru: An ecological study
Authors: Baquerizo-Sedano L. , Goni L. , Sayón-Orea C. , González-Muniesa P. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the world in multiple ways and has been a challenge for the health systems of each country. From the beginning, risk factors for the severity and mortality of the disease were considered, as the spread of the virus was related to the living conditions of each population.
Methods
In this ecological study we have evaluated the role of geography, precisely the altitude above sea level in the incidence and mortality of COVID-19 in Peru. Incidence and mortality data were taken from the open-access database of the government of Peru until March 2021. COVID-19 cases and COVID-19 mortality were treated as cases/density population and 1000 x cases/inhabitants while altitude was treated as continuous and as a categorical variable divided in 7 categories. The relationship between COVID-19 cases or deaths for COVID-19 and altitude as continuous variable was determined using Spearman correlation test. Meanwhile when altitude was considered as a categorical variable, Poisson regression analyses were applied.
Results
A significant inverse correlation was found between COVID-19 cases by population density and altitude (r=-0.37 p < 0.001). By altitude categories, the lowest risk for infection was observed between 3,000 and 3,500 meters (IRR 0.079; 95% CI 0.076,0.083). Moreover, we found an inverse correlation between altitude and COVID-19 mortality (r=-0.36 p < 0.001). Also, the lowest risk for mortality was observed between 3,000 and 3,500 meters (IRR 0.13; 95%CI 0.10; 0.16). Similar results were found when analyses were adjusted by inhabitants and stratified by sex.
Conclusion
This study reports an inverse relationship between COVID-19 incidence and mortality with respect to the altitude of residence, particularly, a u-shaped protection is shown, with a highest benefit between 3000 and 3500 meters. The possibility of using hypoxia as an alternative treatment requires more complex studies that should allow knowing the physiological and environmental mechanisms of the protective role.
Niche homology of the cervicovaginal microbiome and its association with the outcome after chemoradiotherapy in cervical carcinoma patients
Authors: Zhang Xiang , Yue Kaile , Liu Chao , Sheng Dashuang , Liu Jing , Jin Chuandi , Hu Xiaoyu , Xue Zhuang , Zhang Xiaoling , Zhang Lei , Yue Jinbo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: The microbiome within tumors can influence treatment response in cancer. In cervical carcinoma, relationships among the vaginal and tumor microbiomes and response to chemoradiotherapy are unclear. We sought to determine if the niche homology and specific signatures of cervicovaginal microbiome are associated with the outcome of chemoradiotherapy in cervical carcinoma patients.
Methods: Sixty-eight women with cervical carcinoma were enrolled, and intratumoral or vaginal samples and peripheral blood samples were collected one week before chemoradiotherapy. DNA was extracted from tumor tissue biopsy and vaginal swab samples, and V3 and V4 variable regions of the 16S rRNA gene were amplified by PCR. Levels of blood immunomodulatory proteins were measured with a Millipore HCKPMAG-11K kit and Luminex 200 platform (Luminex, USA).
Results: We found abundance to be higher in the tumor, and the homology between vaginal and tumor microbiota was associated with response to chemoradiotherapy. The proportion of the microbiome originating from the vagina and appearing in the tumor was higher among poor-responders than among good-responders. Amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) were located in both tumors and vagina correlated with TNM disease stage, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection (high- vs low-risk), metastasis (yes/no), and immune checkpoint proteins. The proportion of two microbes from the shared cervicovaginal ASVs, g_Sphingobium_s_Sphingobium_xenophagum_333 in tumor and g_Ralstonia_256 in vagina, could predict response to chemoradiotherapy (AUC=0.984, AUPR=0.917).
Conclusion: Our results suggest that microbiome components co-located in the vagina and in cervical tumors may be useful biomarkers to predict response to chemoradiotherapy for cervical carcinoma.
Driving Behaviour Analysis and Classification by Vehicle OBD Data Using Machine Learning
Authors: kumar Raman , jain Anuj 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Now adays, vehicles are fortified with large numbers of sensors which is used for controlling and diagnostics of the vehicle’s operation. Additionally, the rapid requirement of transport of people and things together with the development of IoT, Machine Learning moved this domain towards a new era of effectiveness and more intelligence. The decrease of CO2 discharge and the minimization of the ecological impression is, obviously, of most extreme significance for the protection of the climate. In this light, driving style and behaviour is straightforwardly connected with the vehicle's fuel utilization and emissions. due to which, these days, vehicles are fitted with sensors that can gather different information related to operation. The proposed technique gathers vehicle performance data, including vehicle speed, motor RPM, paddle position, determined motor load and about of 50 parameters through OBD interface. The OBD-II diagnostics protocol, which is currently the primary diagnostics process used by technicians, can be used to acquire this information via a communication port provided within the car. Real-time data connected to the action of the vehicle can also be accessed using the OBD protocol. This real-time data can be utilized to gather numerous engine operation-related characteristics in addition to helping with fault detection. Proposed arrangement makes use of machine learning technique to create a driving behaviour classification. Model classify driver into ten classes mentioned, which are based on fuel consumption, stability of steering, stability of velocity and braking pattern etc. In this research work use of the engine’s internal sensors from the from OBD is used to build a class of the driver to ultimately provide proper feedback to improve driving habits. High speed Braking, rapid acceleration, deacceleration turning and other events are used for characterizing and individual compared with the help of visualization techniques such as Line-plots, correlation matrix Histograms etc. Time-series values of the sensor data is used. Furthermore, considering all these parameters a supervised learning method was used to compare all drivers and then finally classification was done.