bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intrinsically disordered regions of tristetraprolin and DCP2 directly interact to mediate decay of ARE-mRNA
Authors: Maciej Vincent D , Mateva Nevena , Schwarz Juliane , Dittmers Theresa , Mallick Megha , Urlaub Henning , Chakrabarti Sutapa 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe RNA-binding protein tristetraprolin (TTP) is a potent activator of mRNA decay, specifically for transcripts bearing AU-rich elements (AREs) in their 3′-untranslated regions. TTP functions as a mediator for mRNA decay by interacting with the decay machinery and recruiting it to the target ARE-mRNA. In this study, we report a weak, but direct interaction between TTP and the human decapping enzyme DCP2, which impacts the stability of ARE transcripts. The TTP–DCP2 interaction is unusual as it involves intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) of both binding partners. We show that the IDR of DCP2 has a propensity for oligomerization and liquid–liquid phase separation in vitro. Binding of TTP to DCP2 leads to its partitioning into phase-separated droplets formed by DCP2, suggesting that molecular crowding might facilitate the weak interaction between the two proteins and enable assembly of a decapping-competent mRNA–protein complex on TTP-bound transcripts in cells. Our studies underline the role of weak interactions in the cellular interaction network and their contribution towards cellular functionality.
Methodological approaches for studying the human milk microbiome
Authors: Stinson Lisa F , Ma Jie , Sindi Azhar S , Geddes Donna T 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Human milk contains a low-biomass, low-diversity microbiome, consisting largely of bacteria. This community is of great research interest in the context of infant health and maternal and mammary health. However, this sample type presents many unique methodological challenges. In particular, there are numerous technical considerations relating to sample collection and storage, DNA extraction and sequencing, viability, and contamination. Failure to properly address these challenges may lead to distortion of bacterial DNA profiles generated from human milk samples, ultimately leading to spurious conclusions. Here, these technical challenges are discussed, and various methodological approaches used to address them are analyzed. Data were collected from studies in which a breadth of methodological approaches were used, and recommendations for robust and reproducible analysis of the human milk microbiome are proposed. Such methods will ensure high-quality data are produced in this field, ultimately supporting better research outcomes for mothers and infants.
Acquired vibratory angioedema with a severe impact on work performance
Authors: Gatica-Ortega M E , Sánchez-Matas I , Sánchez-Muñoz L , Pastor-Nieto M A 
Published: September 2022

Summary
Vibratory urticaria/angioedema is an inducible type of urticaria that may be elicited by vibratory stimuli from work tool and instruments. A 39-year-old male construction worker was diagnosed with acquired vibratory angioedema associated with chronic spontaneous urticaria involving a severe work performance impairment. Response to omalizumab was immediate and complete. We evaluated the Urticarial Activity Score; the response to the vibratory angioedema provocation vortex test; and evolution of analytical parameters (e.g. high-affinity IgE receptor expression on peripheral blood basophils, C-reactive protein, D-dimer and IgE levels). Vibratory angioedema may be misdiagnosed as delayed pressure urticaria if the appropriate specific provocation tests are not performed. According to our knowledge, this is the first time a pneumatic hammer is described as a trigger; the first case responding to omalizumab; and the second published case associated with spontaneous chronic urticaria.
The corporate sector and the current account
Authors: Behringer Jan , van Treeck Till 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We analyze how the corporate sector’s financing position affects national current account balances in a macroeconomic panel analysis for sample of 25 countries for the period 1980–2015. A consistent finding is that an increase (decrease) in corporate net lending is associated with a higher (lower) current account. We disentangle the current account effects of corporate saving and investment and conduct a number of robustness checks. We show that corporate saving and top household income shares are inversely related in our sample and that they have opposite effects on the current account. We conclude that corporate sector saving has contributed considerably to global current account imbalances.
Application of Value Framework to Phase III Trials of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Esophageal and Gastric Cancer
Authors: Thawani Rajat , Agrawal Neha , Taflin Nicholas F , Kardosh Adel , Chen Emerson Y 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Recent trials testing immune-checkpoint inhibitors in esophago-gastric malignancies have shown mixed results. We aim to assess key subgroups using the ASCO Net Health Benefit Score (NHBS) and ESMO Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale (MCBS).

Materials and Methods
A search for phase III trials of FDA-approved anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 drugs in esophago-gastric cancer trials was identified using www.clinicaltrials.gov. These published studies were scored using the ASCO NHBS and ESMO MCBS. The ASCO NHBS scores were compared by primary site of cancer (esophageal vs gastric) and PD-L1 expression using the Mann-Whitney test and the ESMO-MCBS grading, by Fisher’s Exact test.

Results
Fifteen of 45 clinical trials were included. Of them, 6 were primarily esophageal cancer trials, and 9 were primarily gastric cancer trials. Ten stratified their analysis based on PD-L1 expression. The ASCO NHBS score was higher (mean 40, range 20 to 56.6 vs. mean 12, range −1.1 to 18.4, P &lt; .01) for esophageal cancer than gastric cancer. No difference was observed in survival and response endpoints between the 2 groups. Similarly, the ESMO MCBS scored higher for esophageal cancer group than gastric cancer (P &lt; .05). Additionally, the scores were higher in those with high PD-L1 expression vs. low PD-L1 (mean 36, range 11.2-66.6 vs. mean 14, range −19.5 to 43.6, P &lt; .05).

Conclusion
The ASCO NHB and ESMO scores were consistently higher among esophageal cancer trials than gastric cancer trials and in those with high PD-L1 expression than low expression. Histology and PD-L1 expression should be considered when discussing value of immunotherapy to patients.
Abscisic acid-responsive transcription factors PavDof2/6/15 mediate fruit softening in sweet cherry
Authors: Zhai Zefeng , Xiao Yuqin , Wang Yanyan , Sun Yueting , Peng Xiang , Feng Chen , Zhang Xiang , Du Bingyang , Zhou Xin , Wang Chao , Liu Yang , Li Tianhong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Softening is a key step during fruit ripening that is modulated by the interplay between multiple phytohormones. The antagonistic action of abscisic acid (ABA) and auxin determines the rate of fruit ripening and softening. However, the transcription factors that integrate ABA and auxin signals to regulate fruit softening remain to be determined. In this study, we identified several DNA-binding with One Finger (Dof) transcription factors essential for ABA-promoted fruit softening, based on transcriptome analysis of two sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) varieties with different fruit firmness. We show that PavDof6 directly binds to the promoters of genes encoding cell wall-modifying enzymes to activate their transcription, while PavDof2/15 directly repress their transcription. Transient overexpression of PavDof6 and PavDof2/15 in sweet cherry fruits resulted in precocious and delayed softening, respectively. In addition, we show that the auxin response factor PavARF8, the expression of whose encoding gene is repressed by ABA, activates PavDof2/15 transcription. Furthermore, PavDof2/6/15 and PavARF8 directly bind to the 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase 1 (PavNCED1) promoter and regulate its expression, forming a feedback mechanism for ABA-mediated fruit softening. These findings unveil the physiological framework of fruit softening and establish a direct functional link between the ABA–PavARF8–PavDofs module and cell-wall-modifying genes in mediating fruit softening.
Injectable reactive oxygen and nitrogen species-controlling hydrogels for tissue regeneration: current status and future perspectives
Authors: Le Thi Phuong , Tran Dieu Linh , Hoang Thi Thai Thanh , Lee Yunki , Park Ki Dong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe dual role of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) in physiological and pathological processes in biological systems has been widely reported. It has been recently suggested that the regulation of RONS levels under physiological and pathological conditions is a potential therapy to promote health and treat diseases, respectively. Injectable hydrogels have been emerging as promising biomaterials for RONS-related biomedical applications owing to their excellent biocompatibility, three-dimensional and extracellular matrix-mimicking structures, tunable properties and easy functionalization. These hydrogels have been developed as advanced injectable platforms for locally generating or scavenging RONS, depending on the specific conditions of the target disease. In this review article, the design principles and mechanism by which RONS are generated/scavenged from hydrogels are outlined alongside a discussion of their in vitro and in vivo evaluations. Additionally, we highlight the advantages and recent developments of these injectable RONS-controlling hydrogels for regenerative medicines and tissue engineering applications.
Longitudinal study of patients with antimelanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis-associated interstitial lung disease
Authors: Lian Xinyue , Ye Yan , Zou Jing , Wu Chunmei , Ye Shuang , Guo Qiang , Chen Sheng , Lu Liangjing , Wang Ran , Fu Qiong , Bao Chunde 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objectives
To describe the 8-year longitudinal study and long-term prognosis of a large inception cohort of anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) antibody-positive (MDA5+) DM-interstitial lung disease (ILD) patients.

Methods
In total, 216 patients diagnosed with MDA5+ DM-ILD were enrolled and followed up to analyse long-term survival rate. Demographic and clinical variables were collected at baseline and each temporal end point. Seventy patients who survived the first year were analysed for the long-term serological and respiratory outcomes.

Results
A total of 85 patients (39.3%) died during the follow-up period up to 96 months, with 89% of the deaths occurring in the first year after diagnosis. Long-term outcome was reported in 70 patients. Serological markers including anti-MDA5 antibody showed significant improvement with time. Radiographic findings and pulmonary function also improved notably in the follow-up period, especially in rapidly progressive ILD group, as measured by high-resolution computed tomography imaging scores, the estimated forced vital capacity, estimated diffusing capacity of lung carbon monoxide and dyspnoea scores. Early application of anti-fibrosis therapy helped to improve long-term pulmonary function.

Conclusions
MDA5+ DM-ILD patients had a high mortality rate despite aggressive treatment. Patients who survived the first year usually showed a significant improvement in serological markers and pulmonary function during the long-term follow-up.
Eosinophilic fasciitis (Shulman syndrome)—recognition of the histological spectrum allows for new insights into possible pathomechanisms
Authors: Pehl Debora , Preuße Corinna , Allenbach Yves , Benveniste Olivier , Dittert Philipp , Alten Rieke , Krause Andreas , Görl Norman , Zänker Michael , Goebel Hans-Hilmar , Schneider Udo , Stenzel Werner 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objectives
EF is a rare disease characterized by fibrosis and inflammation of the fascia, scleroderma-like skin indurations and optional blood eosinophilia. We aimed to expand the knowledge about its aetiology and pathogenesis.

Methods
Biopsy specimens from 16 EF patients were assessed by histology, immunohistochemistry and quantitative reverse transcription PCR in comparison with anti-Mi-2+ DM patients and non-disease controls.

Results
Histologically, EF shows mild to severe inflammation at the muscle–fascia interface, with frequent involvement of the underlying muscle tissue, though varying in degree. CD206+ macrophages predominate and eosinophils are detected within the fascia in the majority of cases, however in quite small numbers, and seen infrequently within the muscle. Activators of the so-called Th2–M2 pathway like STAT6 and IL-4 are upregulated leading to high expression levels of CD206. Activators of the so-called Th1–M1 pathway like STAT1 and IFN-γ (IFNG) are also upregulated, though not translating into a significant upregulation of the effector molecule COX2. Interestingly, activators or chemoattractants of eosinophils show no significant upregulation in EF compared with DM. EF shows features of perifascicular pathology comparable to DM, with upregulation of MHC class I and II; however, this is not accompanied by perifascicular atrophy or any signs of a type I IFN response or hypoxia-mediated processes.

Conclusions
Our findings highlight a specific immune phenotype of leucocyte infiltrates in EF along features of perifascicular pathology similar to DM, while there is no evidence of hypoxia-mediated or type I IFN–associated processes with perifascicular fibre atrophy, indicating different pathomechanisms of muscle involvement.
Global and institutional drivers of wage inequality between and within firms
Authors: Zwysen Wouter 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Rising wage inequality in wealthy countries is disproportionately driven by widening differences in pay between workplaces, through increasingly homogenous workforces as well as widening differences in the pay of similar workers. While this is found consistently across countries, the variation in trends highlights the need to study institutional settings. This paper uses cross-national representative European data from the Structure of Earnings Survey to study the trends in wage inequality over time between and within firms, linking these to changes in structural and institutional factors. Indeed, common structural changes such as globalization and digitalization contribute to rising wage inequality across otherwise similar workers within and between establishments. However, the institutional context plays an important role: where employers’ pay setting is constrained through more biting minimum wages or multi-employer collective bargaining, this inequality is compressed and does not grow as much.
Earmarking space: relationality, economic judgments and housing wealth
Authors: Hayes Adam S , Besbris Max 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Housing wealth is the single largest portion of household wealth in most Western societies today, yet little research has examined how individuals make decisions regarding the use of the housing wealth that they possess. In this article, we leverage insights from relational economic sociology to understand how individuals’ subjective valuations and other economic judgments are influenced when space in a home is relationally earmarked. Using a series of original vignette experiments and survey tasks in conjunction with qualitative responses, we find that earmarking a room for a close social tie does indeed matter for valuation. Furthermore, we reveal that individual economic judgments are strongly influenced by different relational content associated with relational earmarks compared to a control. Put differently, we systematically show how modifying the constitution of an earmark strengthens or lessens the appropriateness of its match and prompts distinct patterns of economic decision-making. Our analyses extend relational economic sociology to studies of housing while also building intellectual bridges with research on judgment and decision-making (JDM).
Quantifying the effects of sleep loss: relative effect sizes of the psychomotor vigilance test, multiple sleep latency test, and maintenance of wakefulness test
Authors: Chaisilprungraung Thitaporn , Stekl Emily K , Thomas Connie L , Blanchard Margaux E , Hughes John D , Balkin Thomas J , Doty Tracy J 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe psychomotor vigilance test (PVT) is a widely-used, minimally invasive, inexpensive, portable, and easy to administer behavioral measure of vigilance that is sensitive to sleep loss. We conducted analyses to determine the relative sensitivity of the PVT vs. the multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) and the maintenance of wakefulness test (MWT) during acute total sleep deprivation (TSD) and multiple days of sleep restriction (SR) in studies of healthy adults. Twenty-four studies met the criteria for inclusion. Since sleepiness countermeasures were administered in some of these studies, the relative sensitivity of the three measures to these interventions was also assessed. The difference in weighted effect size (eta-squared) was computed for each pair of sleepiness measures based on available raw test data (such as average PVT reaction time). Analyses revealed that the sleep measures were differentially sensitive to various types of sleep loss over time, with MSLT and MWT more sensitive to TSD than the PVT. However, sensitivity to SR was comparable for all three measures. The PVT and MSLT were found to be differentially sensitive to the administration of sleepiness countermeasures (drugs, sleep loss, etc.), but PVT and MWT were found to be comparably sensitive to these interventions. These findings suggest the potential utility of the PVT as a component of next-generation fatigue risk management systems.
Interaction effects of sex on the sleep loss and social jetlag-related negative mood in Japanese children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Shinto Takae , Tahara Yu , Watabe Aato , Makino Naomichi , Tomonaga Masataka , Kimura Haruo , Nozawa Yuki , Kobayashi Kazuki , Takahashi Masaki , Shibata Shigenobu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractStudy ObjectivesSleep problems, such as accumulated sleep loss and social jetlag (SJL), which is characterized by a discrepancy in a person’s sleep pattern between the weekday and the weekend, are associated with physical and mental health problems, and academic performance in young ages. However, sex differences in these associations are not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of sex on sleep-related factors, mental health (negative mood), and academic performance in Japanese children and adolescents.MethodsA cross-sectional online survey was conducted with 9270 students (boys: N = 4635, girls: N = 4635) ranging from the fourth grade of elementary school to the third grade of high school, which typically includes ages 9–18 years in Japan. Participants completed the Munich ChronoType Questionnaire, the Athens Insomnia Scale, self-reported academic performance, and negative mood-related questions.ResultsSchool grade-related changes in sleep behavior (e.g. delayed bedtime, shortened sleep duration, and increased SJL) were detected. Girls had greater sleep loss on weekdays and SJL on weekends than boys. Multiple regression analysis revealed that sleep loss and SJL were more associated with negative mood and higher insomnia scores in girls than in boys, but not with academic performance.ConclusionsSleep loss and SJL in Japanese girls had a higher correlation to their negative mood and tendency to insomnia than in boys. These results suggest the importance of sex-dependent sleep maintenance for children and adolescents.
Is Phenotypic Evolution Affected by Spiders’ Construction Behaviors?
Authors: Shao Lili , Zhao Zhe , Li Shuqiang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWhat happens when organisms actively modify their environment? Clarifying the role of construction behavior on a macroevolutionary scale is crucial to interpreting phenotypic evolution. Spiders, an extremely successful group of animals exhibiting a wide variety of functional, morphological, and behavioral diversity, are ideal candidates to test whether animal behaviors are related to their phenotypic evolution. Herein, we reconstructed the phylogenomic relationships of 303 spiders covering 105 families with 99 newly developed molecular markers that universally apply across Araneae, and explicitly tested the potential link between construction behavior and somatic evolution based on extensive morphological data from 3,342 extant species and 682 fossil species. Our dated molecular phylogeny provides the backbone for analyses, revealing the behavioral and ecological processes behind these spiders’ morphological adaptations. Evolutionary model analyses showed the artifacts constructed by spiders, especially the suspending webs, expand the spider’s ability to inhabit different habitats. These artifacts have more substantial impacts on their somatic traits than habitats and promote different trajectories of morphological evolution. Specifically, for spiders, silk-lined burrowing produced larger bodies, relatively shorter legs, and longer patellae, while web-building produced smaller bodies, relatively longer legs, and shorter patellae, and hunting promoted an intermediate morphological size. Molecular convergence analysis showed that genes related to morphogenesis or response to stimulus and stress are enriched in spiders with construction behavior. Our study demonstrated that the construction behavior of an animal plays a crucial role in determining the direction and intensity of the selection pressure imposed on it and provides strong evidence that construction behaviors are associated with phenotypic evolution on macroevolutionary timescales. [Araneae; body size; habitat change; molecular marker; leg length; phylogenomics.]
A WeChat-based smoking cessation intervention for Chinese smokers: a feasibility study
Authors: Luo Ting , Li Mirandy S , Williams Donna , Fritz Jackson , Beiter Kaylin , Phillippi Stephen , Yu Qingzhao , Kantrow Stephen , Chen Liwei , Chen Yongchun , Tseng Tung Sung 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
WeChat is the largest social media platform in China, yet few WeChat-based smoking cessation interventions have been investigated to date. The objective of this study was to develop and test the feasibility of a WeChat-based smoking cessation intervention for smokers in China. Participants were recruited using WeChat and were then randomized into one of three groups: the Standard Group, the Enhanced Group, and the wait-list Control Group. Feasibility indicators including program reach, recruitment rate, recruitment efficiency, cost per person, attrition rate, intervention message exposure, group discussion utilization rate, intervention message engagement, satisfaction, and the likelihood of recommending to others were measured with assessed. Analyses included Chi-square and Fisher exact test, as well as analysis of variance test. A responsive participant is defined as a participant that responded to a certain assessment. A total of 1,132 individuals connected with (“friended”) our project on WeChat between July 1 and August 5, 2019. Of these, 403 were eligible to participate, consented, and completed the baseline assessment. As a result, 136, 135, and 132 smokers were randomly assigned to the Standard Group, the Enhanced Group, and the Control Group, respectively. The total program recruitment rate was 35.6% and the attrition rate was 46.4%. The program cost was $0.85 per person. All responsive participants read at least one message during the intervention and engaged with intervention messages 56.8% of the time. Most responsive participants reported being very or somewhat satisfied, highly or somewhat engaged, and were willing to recommend our program to others. This study demonstrated the feasibility of a smoking cessation interventions using WeChat. The program could be expanded to deliver smoking cessation interventions to a large population of smokers.