bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Hybrid Learning Paradigm with Feature Extraction for Carbon Price Prediction Based on Bi-Directional Long and Short Term Memory Networks Optimized by an Improved Sparrow Search Algorithm
Authors: Zhou Jianguo , Xu Zhongtian , Wang Shiguo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A sustainable carbon trading market can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the fight against global warming, and accurate carbon price forecasting is key for its efficient operation. Previous carbon price prediction models have been trained in a traditional one-way neural network. Prediction is always propagated sequentially in a time series, which results in not fully exploiting the intrinsic characteristics of the data. This paper proposes a novel hybrid learning paradigm for deep feature exploration of carbon prices through optimized bi-directional long and short-term memory (BiLSTM) networks. Firstly, wavelet packet decomposition (WPD) algorithm decomposes the carbon price in deep and reconstructs it to obtain multiple components. Then the input features of the prediction model are filtered with random forest to select the best input features for the prediction model. Finally, the BiLSTM model optimized by the improved sparrow search algorithm (ISSA) is used to deeply explore the characteristics of carbon prices and make full use of the internal connection of the past and future data of carbon prices. The results demonstrate the superiority and robustness of the WPD-ISSA-BiLSTM model in comparison with other models by simulating carbon price data time series under two scenarios with slight and severe fluctuations.
Research on Carbon Emission Strategies and Blockchain Inputs for Different Dual-Channel Supply Chains
Authors: Jiang Yongchang , Liu Chang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Based on the consideration that consumers have low-carbon sensitivity and channel preference, a Stackelberg game model dominated by manufacturer was constructed to study the joint strategies of low-carbon emission reduction and blockchain input of supply chain members under three models: traditional retailer dual channel, manufacturer online direct sales dual channel and third-party e-commerce distribution dual channel. The interaction of different levels of emission reduction and blockchain inputs in different dual-channel models was verified through the calculation and simulation analysis on the optimal decision of the supply chain members. The research results showed that the optimal emission reduction of manufacturers and the blockchain input level of retailers under different dual-channel models are different, and manufacturers have the highest emission reduction under the dual-channel model of direct online sales; when manufacturers invest the same amount of emission reduction, the profit of adopting the traditional dual-channel model is the highest, and the profit of the dual-channel of third-party e-commerce distribution is the lowest; the ratio of technology gain to cost input in the supply chain determines the initiative of low-carbon input. Meanwhile, emission reduction investment is driven by the manufacturer's profit, and the more the manufacturer's channel accounts for the higher the emission reduction tends to be.
A 20-Year Bibliometric Analysis of Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy: From 2001 to 2020
Authors: Lin Feng , Zhang Luoli , Wang Yimin , Fu Dan , Wang Yuliang , Zhou Xingtao 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To identify the research trend and focus in the research field of Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD).Methods: A bibliometric analysis based on the Web of Science Core Collection was conducted. All publications related to FECD from 2001 to 2020 were extracted and analyzed. VOSviewer v.1.6.17 was used to construct the visualization map and evaluate the trend and focus in the FECD research field.Results:A total of 1,041 publications were extracted. Global publications have steadily increased. The United States has the most publications (461), the most citations (18757), and the highest H index (69). Melles GRJ published the most papers (60), and Price FW had the most citations (4,154 citations) in the FECD research field. The journal “Cornea” had the most publications (279). Keywords were classified into four clusters: (1) corneal transplantation surgery, (2) surgical techniques and instruments, (3) corneal parameter measurement, and (4) genetic and molecular pathomechanisms. The average appearing years (AAYs) of the keywords were evaluated. “Tcf4 gene (AAY of 2018.3),” “ctg18.1 (AAY of 2017.2),” “trinucleotide repeat expansion (AAY of 2018.3),” “rock inhibitor (AAY of 2017.4),” and “descemetorhexis (AAY of 2017.4)” were recently appearing keywords.Conclusions:The United States has a dominant position in the FECD research field. Though corneal transplantation surgery has been the mainstream in the FECD research field for a long time, gene mutations such as the Tcf4 gene mutant, nonsurgical interventions such as rho-associated kinases inhibitor, and newer surgical methods such as descemetorhexis without endothelial keratoplasty are potential research hotspots.
Optimizing the Tumor Shrinkage Threshold for Evaluating Immunotherapy Efficacy for Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Du Wei , Chen Chen , Luo Lin-feng , He Li-na , Wang Yixing , Zhang Xuanye , Zhou Yixin , Lin Zuan , Hong Shaodong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The rise of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in recent years has coincided with unusual clinical response patterns. Modification of the sum of longest diameters (SLD)-based threshold that reflecting dynamic change of the tumor burden and predicting response to ICIs, may markedly improve current treatment regimens.Methods: The baseline and post-treatment SLD of target lesion was recorded and the maximum percent change of the SLD from baseline was designated as SLD-change score. The optimal cut-off value was obtained by using the X-tile program. The relationship between SLD-change score and survival outcome (PFS,OS) was evaluated.Results: 10% cut-off value of SLD-change score was found to be most distinctive for PFS. Responders defined according to this cut-off value showed a significant improvement for PFS and OS. Bone metastasis and brain metastasis were also two independent prognostic factors of PFS and OS, respectively.Conclusions: 10% SLD change score could discriminate for ICIs treatment response, which holds great promise in promoting the development of precise immunotherapeutic strategy.
Neural-Signature Methods for Structured EHR Prediction
Authors: Vauvelle Andre , Creed Paidi , Denaxas Spiros 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Models that can effectively represent structured Electronic Healthcare Records (EHR) are central to an increasing range of applications in healthcare. Due to the sequential nature of health data, Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) have emerged as the dominant component within state-of-the-art architectures. The signature transform represents an alternative modelling paradigm for sequential data. This transform provides a non-learnt approach to creating a fixed vector representation of temporal features and has shown strong performances across an increasing number of domains, including medical data. However, the signature method has not yet been applied to structured EHR data. To this end, we follow recent work that enables the signature to be used as a differentiable layer within a neural architecture enabling application in high dimensional domains where calculation would have previously been intractable. Using a heart failure (HF) prediction task as an exemplar, we provide an empirical evaluation of different variations of the signature method and compare against state-of-the-art baselines. This first application of neural-signature methods in real-world healthcare data shows a competitive performance when compared to strong baselines and thus warrants further investigation within the health domain.
How Childhood Maltreatment Links to Labor Values? The Mediating Role of Moral Competence and Prosocial Normative Tendency
Authors: Gu Yuliang , Chao Xiaomei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Labor values are important for the individual value system. Especially in China, labor values are regarded as one of the most important values of an individual. In the study of values, childhood maltreatment is considered to have an important influence on the formation of individual values. However, previous studies have no research on the relationship between childhood maltreatment and labor values. The mechanism of childhood maltreatment on labor values is less understood but requires futher study.Methods: This study intended to investigate the relationship between childhood maltreatment and labor values, and further to explore whether moral competence and prosocial normative tendency mediated this correlation. Therefore, 2691 participants were recruited from primary and secondary school, who completed Labor Values Scale, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Moral Competence subscale and Prosocial Norms subscale. Results: Results revealed the negative correlation between childhood maltreatment and labor values. Importantly, childhood maltreatment also indirectly impacted labor values through moral competence and prosocial normative tendency. It indicated that both moral competence and prosocial normative tendency played a significant mediating role in this relationship. Our findings are valuable for understanding the underlying mechanism between early trauma and values. Conclusions: Childhood maltreatment has important implications for labor values. Moral competence and prosocial normative tendency mediate between childhood maltreatment and labor values. This reminds us to pay attention to the important influence of childhood maltreatment in the cultivation of individual labor values. Also pay attention to the role of moral competence and prosocial normative tendency.
Evidence that trees do not shift carbon allocation from stem support to foliage under competition
Authors: Dean Thomas J , Harrington Constance A. , D’Amato Anthony W. , Palik Brian J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Do trees adjust support costs to the stem in order to maintain or boost allocation to foliage to compete for light? This question was addressed with data collected from three, long-term studies investigating the growth effects of controlled levels of competition for Alnus rubra, Pseudotsuga menziesii, and Pinus resinosa. Costs and benefits of marginal height were defined as the stem volume and foliage added when trees grew 1 m in height, respectively. Effects of competition effects on the distribution of these variables within tree populations were evaluated with growth dominance indexes (Gdv/dh and GdAl/dv, respectively). Competition effects on the distribution of relative height growth (Gdg) were also evaluated to verify mode of competition. The hypothesized simple tradeoff between marginal height cost and marginal height benefit was not supported with these data. Instead, Gdv/dh and GdAl/dh were linearly related for all three species. The values of Gdh were generally positive for all species supporting asymmetric competition within these plots. The strength of support for this hypothesis varied by species, however, with the shade intolerant A. rubra providing the strongest support and the more shade tolerant P. menziesii providing the least support. The age-adjusted values of P. menziesii of Gdh were only significantly greater than zero in the unthinned, control plots. The results suggest that competition effects on marginal height benefit translate to marginal height cost through biomechanical relationships between crown size and structure and stem dimensions. Competitive effects on stand dynamics can therefore be linked to a basic tree morphology that scales with height. Realized additions of stem volume and foliage per growing season are subsequently determined by the distribution of relative height growth.
Meta-Analysis of Neonicotinoid Insecticides in Global Surface Waters
Authors: Wang Jianqiao , Yin Ru , Liu Yilin , Wang Beijia , Wang Nana , Xiao Pengfei , Xiao Tangfu , Hirai Hirofumi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Neonicotinoids (NEOs) are a class of insecticides that have high insecticidal activity and are extensively used worldwide. However, increasing evidence suggests their long-term residual in the environment and toxic effects on nontarget organisms. NEO residues are frequently detected in water and consequently have created increasing levels of pollution and pose significant risks to humans. Many studies have conducted surveys of NEO concentrations in water; however, few studies have focused on global systematic reviews or meta-analyses of NEO concentrations in water. In the present study, 43 published papers from 10 countries were indexed for a meta-analysis of the global NEO distribution in water. Among these studies, most focus on eastern Asia and North America, which are involved in intensive agricultural activities. The order of mean concentrations is identified as imidacloprid (119.542 ± 15.656 ng L−1) > nitenpyram (88.076 ± 27.144 ng L−1) > thiamethoxam (59.752 ± 9.068 ng L−1) > dinotefuran (31.086 ± 9.275 ng L−1) > imidaclothiz (24.542 ± 2.906 ng L−1) > acetamiprid (23.360 ± 4.015 ng L−1) > thiacloprid (11.493 ± 5.095 ng L−1). Moreover, the relationship between NEO concentrations and some environmental factors is analyzed. NEO concentrations increase with temperature, oxidation-reduction potential and the percentage of cultivated crops but decrease with stream discharge, pH, dissolved oxygen and precipitation. NEO concentrations show no significant relations to turbidity and conductivity. The purpose of this review is to conduct a meta-analysis on the concentration of NEOs in global waters based on published detections from several countries to extend knowledge on the application of NEOs.
Dynamic Changes in Tooth Displacement and Bone Morphometry in Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Rats: A 3D Analysis
Authors: Zong Chen , Dessel Jeroen Van , Velde Greetje Vande , Willems Guy , de Llano-Pérula maria Cadenas 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study used a novel 3D analysis to longitudinally evaluate orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) and bone morphometry. Twelve-week-old male Wistar rats were subjected to OTM by applying a constant orthodontic force (OF) of 25cN between one of the upper first molars and a mini-screw. In vivo micro-CTs were taken before and after 10, 17, 24 and 31 days of force application, and superimposed by a novel and rigid voxel-based registration method. Then the tooth and alveolar bone segment at different time points became comparable in the same coordinate system, which facilitated the analysis of their dynamic changes in 3D. By comparison between time points and between OF and no OF sides, this study showed that the OTM rate was not constant through time, but conformed to a ‘V’ shape changing pattern. Besides, OF induced displacement of both loaded and unloaded teeth, and the latter mirrored the former in a delayed manner. In addition, bone morphometric changes synchronized with OTM rate changes, implying that a higher OTM rate was concomitant with more alveolar bone loss. The pressure and tension areas might not be in two opposite sides, but actually adjacent and connected. These findings might provide instructive evidence for both clinical, translational and basic research in orthodontics.
Simulated trends in surface sensible heat flux on the Tibetan Plateau and the possible causes
Authors: Wang Shuzhou , Liu Yuxin , Ma Yaoming 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Characteristics of spatial distribution and variation of surface sensible heat (SH) flux on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) were studied using the simulation results from the Noah-MP land surface model for the period of 1985-2015. The inter-annual variations and possible causes were also analyzed. It is found that, the western and central TP witnessed much larger 31-yr mean SH fluxes than the eastern TP. Meanwhile, the inter-annual variations of SH fluxes on the central and western TP were larger than that on the eastern TP. All the regions showed a decreasing trend in SH flux from mid-1980s, but an increasing trend since the beginning of the 21st century. However, the eastern TP got the increasing trend later than the western and central TP. On the whole, the increasing trend began from about 2002. The western and central TP had larger values of Ts–Ta (difference between ground and air temperature) than the eastern TP. Overall, the trends of mean Ts–Ta and SH flux were similar to each other. The changes of mean Ts–Ta were the main causes of the decreasing and increasing trends in SH flux on the TP. Meanwhile, the changes of wind speed and heat transfer coefficient CH are not as important as Ts–Ta.
Perinatal Outcomes Of Ursodeoxycholic Acid Treatment In Twin Pregnancies With Intrahepatic Cholestasis: A Five-Year Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zhang Qianwen , Xu Yu , Gong Yunhui , Liu Xinghui 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is one of the common complications during pregnancy, and ursodeoxycholic acid has been recommended as the first-line drug. However, if ursodeoxycholic acid could improve the perinatal outcomes of multiple pregnancies is unclear, we aimed to investigate perinatal outcomes in twin pregnancies with intrahepatic cholestasis by assisted reproductive technology or spontaneous conception. Methods: From January 2014 to January 2019, we retrospectively analysed the clinical data of twin pregnant women with intrahepatic cholestasis, excluding those who did not receive ursodeoxycholic acid treatment. In total, 864 women were included, among whom 500 conceived by assisted reproductive technology and 364 conceived by spontaneous conception. The primary assessment for perinatal outcomes included premature birth, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, low Apgar score, neonatal intensive care unit and still birth, and secondary indicators were serum bile acid and liver enzymes level during medication, so we also finished subgroup analysis based on different elevated bile acid level and drug usage. The statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 22.0.Results: The study demonstrated that compared to spontaneous conception, assisted reproductive technology conceived twin pregnancies diagnosed as intrahepatic cholestasis earlier (p=0.003), and lower birth weight(p=0.001), less incidence of preterm delivery(p=0.000) and neonatal intensive care unit admission (p=0.001), but the rate of meconium-stained amniotic fluid, low Apgar score and still birth have no statistic differences. Moreover, the subgroup analysis showed no significant difference in elevated bile acid levels and medication between assisted reproductive technology and spontaneous conception groups.Conclusions: Assisted reproductive technology may increase the risk of early-onset intrahepatic cholestasis in twin pregnancies, but it does not seem to increase adverse effects on bile acid levels and perinatal outcomes. Regardless of the use of ursodeoxycholic acid alone or combination, ursodeoxycholic acid for bile acid reduction and improving perinatal outcomes in twin pregnancies is limited. Our conclusions still need more prospective randomized controlled studies to confirm.
Characteristics of undergraduate, second speciality and sub-speciality mental health programmes in Peru: a scoping review
Authors: García-Serna Jackeline , Zafra-Tanaka Jessica Hanae , Huarcaya Jeff , Vilela-Estrada Ana Lucia , Almeida-Huanca Guillermo , Villarreal-Zegarra David 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Peru has a deficit in mental health care with 10,051 mental health workers per 100,000 inhabitants. The aim of this study was to characterise the offer of undergraduate and second speciality mental health programmes in Peru.Method: We conducted a scoping review of mental health training offered by Peruvian universities. We searched for programmes in the University Information System database and on the universities' websites. We extracted the name of the university, the name of the programme, the target population, the duration, the cost, the learning environment, the region, and the type of institution where they are offered. We collated the information and used descriptive statistics to analyze the data.Results: We found a total of 252 undergraduate and 63 second speciality programmes, with 43% and 54% of the programmes respectively offered in the capital city. Undergraduate mental health programmes last between 3 and 7 years and cost between US$ 55.71 and US$ 6,952.03 in private universities for the first semester. As for second speciality programmes, the total cost of the programme varies from US$ 729.26 to US$ 12,140.17, where the latter offers more practical training for physicians and nurses. Conclusions: In Peru, there are few undergraduate programmes oriented towards social work and medical technology (focused on occupational therapy and speech therapy), as well as a few second speciality programmes for psychologists. This affects the possibility of having multidisciplinary teams trained in mental health. We believe that to improve the competencies of professionals to manage mental health problems, institutions involved in health and education should develop policies to decentralise programmes, make them more accessible to low-income people, respond to mental health issues, and ensure the quality of all programmes.