bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The availability of Perum Perhutani potential forest area to support the PT. PLN’s biomass cofiring sustainability: A Mini Review
Authors: Ibrahim A , Hermawan D , Sutiawan J 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
High-rank coal reserves continue to decrease, while what is widely available is in the form of low-rank coal with low calorific value and high sulfur. Biomass can be a solution for providing fuel to replace low-rank coal (4,000 kcal/kg). To ensure the sustainability of the supply of biomass cofiring, it is necessary to have sufficient land available for energy plantations/forestry plantations (HTE). This research is aimed at assessing the availability of land in forest areas in Perum Perhutani for energy crop activities by using the right types of plants to supply biomass cofiring. Perhutani has entered into a cooperation agreement with PT. PLN to meet the need for cofiring-biomass PLTU. Currently on the island of Java, there are 11 PLTUs with a total electricity capacity of 14,645 MW. For 5% biomass cofiring, 189,849 ha of HTE land is required. Perum Perhutani has established a business portfolio of Biomass Plants covering an area of 67,356 ha. This area is equivalent to the effective area of 48,496 ha of HTE which supplies 3,756 MW of electricity (26% of the total capacity of the Java PLTU). The types of plant biomass used were Gamal (Gliricidia sepium) and Kaliandra (Calliandra callothyrsus).
Comparison of Crown Health Assessment Using Forest Health Monitoring and Remote Sensing Techniques (Case Study: KTH Lestari Jaya 8, KPHL Kota Agung Utara, Lampung)
Authors: Feriansyah Anggi , Safe’i Rahmat , Darmawan Arief , Kaskoyo Hari 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Tree crown is one of the main components that must be monitored to assess the health condition of the forest. The crown condition is described by five ecological parameters namely : live crown ratio, foliage transparency, crown density, crown diameter, and the dieback. The method used to assess the canopy condition was the Forest Health Monitoring (FHM) method and remote sensing with the Normalize Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) transformation.. This study was conducted with the aim of being able to determine the condition of tree crown in protected forests using the FHM and remote sensing methods so that a comparison of the assessment results of the two methods can be carried out. This research was carried out at HKm Beringin Jaya, a managed area of KTH Lestari Jaya 8 which is located in Sumberejo District, Tanggamus Regency. The results of this study are that the Visual Crown Ratio value obtained ranges from 2.50 - 3.25. NDVI value describing the condition of the tree crown ranges from 0.75-0.83. The conclusion obtained from this study is that with the FHM technique, the health condition of the tree crown obtained is moderate to good, while with remote sensing techniques, the condition of the tree crown is in a very good condition.
Efficacy of teak and pine litter extract with several solvent against wood termites (Cryptotermes cynocephalus light)
Authors: Nuraeni S , Rajab M , Azizah N , Nurfadilla A , Madjid K S 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Termites are social insects that play an important role in the decomposition and nutrient turnover. In addition, termites are also categorized as pests that eat wood or materials composed of cellulose. Some form of control one of them has been done by making biopesticides. Various types of raw materials have been used from agricultural, plantation and forestry crop groups. Termite mortality is one indicator to determine extract bioactivity by calculating the percentage of the number of termites that died after being given treatment at a certain time. Compound content bioactive substances such as alkaloids, phenolics and other chemicals that can be used to kill and controlling insects in the environment. This study examines the effectiveness teak litter extract and pine litter extract with various solvents against wood termites through experimental research activities in the laboratory. The content of teak litter extract levels and pine litter obtained by 2.5%. Based on the termite mortality value test, the highest toxicity in the ethyl acetate extract, which is at week 3, it has reached 100% at a concentration of 1% which is. In addition, based on testing the retention value of the test paper, The highest percentage of weight loss was in the control, followed by the n-hexane fraction 49.55%. Whereas in testing the level of termite consumption, the highest percentage was in the aquades fraction.
Institutional models of natural resource management and utilization: lesson learning from Simarjarunjung tourism area, Lake Toba, Indonesia
Authors: Purwoko A , Ulfa M , Kusnadi R 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Nature tourism is an effort to utilize natural resources that have been designated as tourist attraction objects to be targeted for tourism potential. One of the national strategic natural tourism areas around Lake Toba is Simarjarunjung. This area has an ecosystem of forest areas with very beautiful views that are managed by the community. This study aims to examine how the institutional management of natural tourism objects and the use of natural resources in the Simarjarunjung area of North Sumatra. This study uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The results of this study present various characteristics of the institutional aspects of nature tourism management. Various advantages and disadvantages exist in the form of management institutions, such as the Association of Forest Farmers Groups (Gapoktan), Tourism Aware Groups (Pokdarwis), and individuals/volunteers. The potential of natural resources that are utilized and managed in the form of views of Lake Toba, the natural charm of the mountains, the charm of pine stands, agroforestry ecosystems, and a cool microclimate. The results of the comparison of various institutional models and the use of natural resources can be used as a reference in the development of natural tourism by managers and related stakeholders.
Histological analysis of somatic embryogenesis from shoot explant of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
Authors: Panggabean N H , Nurwahyuni I , Elimasni  , Basyuni M 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The goal of this research was to investigate the ontogenic path followed by the somatic embryo from oil palm (Elaeis guineensis jacq.) with in vitro culture and to characterize somatic embryo from shoot of explants. Explant were injected into a medium for the induction of calluses, histological analysis were perfomed on embryogenic callus and somatic embryo. Embryogenic callus with nodular structure and still proliferate because the cells are meristematic and very actively to dividing. The samples were dehydrated in an alcohol series, FAA-fixed and paraffin-infused for this. For staining the sample, it was done by inserting the sample in 1% safranin dye for 12 hours, then rinsed with distilled water until the color completely disappeared, then continued with dehydration in ethanol and added 2% fast green solution for 30 seconds. Oil palm somatic embryos consist of 3 phases, namely globular, skutelar and coleoptilar, where somatic embryos in the globular phase will be larger than nodular callus. globular embryo size > 200 μm with the characteristics of this phase, namely the formation of epidermal tissue, this tissue is the result of differentiation from the meristematic surface layer called protoderm. This layer is a periclinal cleavage at the transition from the proembryonic to globular phase. This method of multiplication allowed the original cell mass to proliferate, resulting in new calli lineages, particularly the embryogenic yellowish nodular lineage, which gave rise to somatic embryos.
The role of various plastisizers and fillers additions in improving tensile strength of starch-based bioplastics: A mini review
Authors: Safitri A , Sinaga P S D , Nasution H , Harahap H , Masyithah Z , Iriany  , Hasibuan R 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The general public uses plastic extensively, particularly in food packaging. Plastic raw materials are generally petroleum derivatives with advantages such as high tensile strength, low cost, lightweight, ease of manufacture, and application. However, there are other disadvantages to plastic, which is not easily biodegradable. As a result, researchers have expressed a strong desire to develop biodegradable plastics in order to reduce the accumulation of non-biodegradable plastics in the environment. One of the candidates for producing bioplastic using natural resources is biodegradable plastics. Bioplastics based on starch are a common material used in the production of bioplastics. However, because bioplastics have lower tensile properties than conventional plastics, fillers are used to increase the strength of bioplastics. Fillers are used to reduce plastic cost, shrinkage during the setting process, and to improve tensile strength and hardness. As a result, the tensile and morphology of several starch-based biodegradable plastics with chitosan, CMC fiber, and clay as fillers will be reported in this review. According to our mini-review, sorbitol and CMC are very good plasticizers for starch-based bioplastics, and CMC has a higher crystallinity form, promoting greater interaction between the cellulose chains and starch-based matrix.
Fiber Quality of Betung Bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) from Forest Area with Special Purpose (FASP) Pondok Buluh, Simalungun, North Sumatera
Authors: Hartono R , Farizky F , Sutiawan J , Sumardi I , Suhesti E 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The FASP Pondok Buluh is located in Dolok Panribuan District, Simalungan Regency, Sumatera Utara, which has uniqueness due to the number of bamboo species found in this area, such as Betung Bamboo. This bamboo has a long fiber and is suitable for pulp and paper materials. This research aims to measure the dimension of Betung Bamboo and its fiber derivatives value for the eligibility of pulp and paper material. A total of 3 stems of Betung Bamboo were cut, and samples were taken in the form of a disc with a length of 5 cm at heights of 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, and 15 meters. Then the sample was cut into sticks, and separated fibers were made using the maceration process. Furthermore, the dimensions of the sample were measured using a light microscope, namely fiber length, fiber diameter, and fiber wall thickness, and then the measurement for the fiber derivatives value of the bamboo fiber. The results of this research obtained the average dimension of bamboo fiber is 2402 μm for fiber length, fiber diameter is 18.18 μm, lumen diameter is 8.73 μm, and fiber wall thickness is 4.91 μm. The fiber length graph shows the decreased fiber length along the bottom to the top of the bamboo culm and the wavy trend for the fiber diameter on some bamboo heights. The measurement of the fiber derivatives values obtained the average Runkle ratio 1.15, felting power 133.63, mulhsteph ratio 76.91%, rigidity coefficient 0.27, and flexibility ratio 0.48. Then the quality class of bamboo fiber was determined. A score of 275-325 was obtained with quality class II, meaning that Betung Bamboo is grown in the Pondok Buluh area. It is suitable for use as raw material for pulp and paper because it has long fibers, is easy to flatten when milled, and has good fiber bonds.
The effect of fermentation time on fruits as a producer electrical energy
Authors: Sigalingging R , Panjaitan V C S , Sigalingging C 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The need for electrical energy is growing, and so is the demand for alternative energy. Fruits with high acidity can generate electrical power. The fermentation process can enhance the acidity of the fruit. The lower the pH, the higher the voltage and current generated. This study aims to obtain electrical energy by testing the potential of fruits for induced current, voltage, power, resistance and electrical energy. The experimental parameters are current, voltage, power, resistance and electrical energy. Three fruits (soursop, mango, and tamarind) with three different fermentation times (9, 11, and 13 days) were used in a two-factor, fully randomised design procedure. The results show a tamarind fruit with a fermentation time of 13 days, the highest voltage, current, power and electrical energy values of 5.62 Volts, 1.52 mA, 8.54 mW, 672.30 mWh and a resistance value of 1.800 ohms. Soursop fruits with a fermentation time of 9 days provided minimum voltage, current, power, and electrical energy values of 4.52 volts, 0.93 mA, 4.20 mW, and 265.26 mWh, and a resistance value of 2.118 ohms. The type of fruit and the varying fermentation time had a very significant effect at the 1% level on current, voltage, resistance, power and energy of electricity.
Antioxidant activity and microbial contamination of jeruju leaf tea with ginger and lemongrass variant packaging in storage period
Authors: Batubara R , Aulia K , Ismanelly Hanum T , Affandi O , Ulfa M 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The jeruju plant (Acanthus ilicifolius) is a plant that is affected by the tides and usually gets a higher supply of fresh water. Jeruju plants can be processed into processed products in the form of mangrove tea. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity and analysis of microbial contamination of ready-to-drink jeruju leaf tea based on storage time. Determination of antioxidant activity was carried out by the 2,2-diphenylpicrylhdrazyl (DPPH) method using UV-Visible Spectrophotometry. The microbiological analysis test was carried out based on the Coliform Most Probable Number (MPN). The results of the antioxidant activity test have different antioxidant activity values at each storage time. The results of microbiological analysis testing with a storage period of 3 months contain coliform bacteria, so they are not suitable for consumption.
Local wisdom in natural resources management of freshwater fish In Lau Teba
Authors: Thamrin H , Ridho H , Sinaga R P K , Ritonga F U , Nasution F A , Purwanto C P 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The management of freshwater resources of jurung fish with local wisdom in the Lau Teba River makes one of the watersheds like a pond but without using cages or other barriers. Jungle fish remain in their natural habitat in the river without being blocked by cages or other barriers. The purpose of this study was to explore and analyze the management of the freshwater fish of Jurung with the Local Wisdom approach, as well as the potential of natural resources as a tourist attraction. The form of research used in this study used a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Data was collected using interviews and observations at the research site. The results show that the concept of natural resource management with local wisdom makes nature choose its own resources. Jurung fish managed with the concept of local wisdom will be selected through natural processes. Included in the process of taking fish using a rod, we do not choose the fish we take, but fish that are taken based on the natural selection process which is a tourist attraction.
Hyaluronic acid based next generation bioink for 3D bioprinting of human stem cell derived corneal stromal model with innervation
Authors: Mörö Anni , Samanta Sumanta , Honkamäki Laura , Rangasami Vignesh K , Puistola Paula , Kauppila Maija , Narkilahti Susanna , Miettinen Susanna , Oommen Oommen , Skottman Heli 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Corneal transplantation remains gold standard for the treatment of severe cornea diseases, however, scarcity of donor cornea is a serious bottleneck. 3D bioprinting holds tremendous potential for cornea tissue engineering (TE). One of the key technological challenges is to design bioink compositions with ideal printability and cytocompatibility. Photo-crosslinking and ionic crosslinking are often used for the stabilization of 3D bioprinted structures, which can possess limitations on biological functionality of the printed cells. Here, we developed a hyaluronic acid-based dopamine containing bioink using hydrazone crosslinking chemistry for the 3D bioprinting of corneal equivalents. First, the shear thinning property, viscosity, and mechanical stability of the bioink were optimized before extrusion-based 3D bioprinting for the shape fidelity and self-healing property characterizations. Subsequently, human adipose stem cells (hASCs) and hASC-derived corneal stromal keratocytes were used for bioprinting corneal stroma structures and their cell viability, proliferation, microstructure and expression of key proteins (lumican, vimentin, connexin 43, α-smooth muscle actin) were evaluated. Moreover, 3D bioprinted stromal structures were implanted into ex vivo porcine cornea to explore tissue integration. Finally, human pluripotent stem cell derived neurons (hPSC-neurons), were 3D bioprinted to the periphery of the corneal structures to analyze innervation. The bioink showed excellent shear thinning property, viscosity, printability, shape fidelity and self-healing properties with high cytocompatibility. Cells in the printed structures displayed good tissue formation and 3D bioprinted cornea structures demonstrated excellent ex vivo integration to host tissue as well as in vitro innervation. The developed bioink and the printed cornea stromal equivalents hold great potential for cornea TE applications.
Effect of ideal internal MHD instabilities on NBI fast ion redistribution in ITER 15 MA scenario
Authors: YANG Guanming , LIU Yueqiang , WANG Zhibin , WANG Yongqin , MIAO Yutian , HAO Guangzhou 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Transport of fast ions is a crucial issue during the operation of ITER. Redistribution of neutral beam injection (NBI) fast ions by the ideal internal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instabilities in ITER is studied utilizing the guiding-center code ORBIT (White R B and Chance M S 1984 Phys. Fluids
27 2455). Effects of the perturbation amplitude

A

of the internal kink, the perturbation frequency

f

of the fishbone instability, and the toroidal mode number

n

of the internal kink are investigated, respectively, in this work. The

n
=
1

internal kink mode can cause NBI fast ions transporting in real space from regions of

0
<
s
≤
0.32

to

0.32
<
s
≤
0.53
,

where

s

labels the normalized plasma radial coordinate. The transport of fast ions is greater as the perturbation amplitude increases. The maximum relative change of the number of fast ions approaches 5% when the perturbation amplitude rises to 500 G. A strong transport is generated between the regions of

0
<
s
≤
0.05

and

0.05
<
s
≤
0.12

in the presence of the fishbone instability. Higher frequency results in greater transport, and the number of fast ions in

0
<
s
≤
0.05

is reduced by 30% at the fishbone frequency of 100 kHz. Perturbations with higher

n

will lead to the excursion of fast ion transport regions outward along the radial direction. The loss of fast ions, however, is not affected by the internal MHD perturbation. Strong transport from

0
<
s
≤
0.05

to

0.05
<
s
≤
0.12

does not influence the plasma heating power of ITER, since the NBI fast ions are still located in the plasma core. On the other hand, the influence of fast ion transport from

0
<
s
≤
0.32

to

0.32
<
s
≤
0.53

needs further study.
How do actions to decarbonise the energy and mobility sectors affect consumption-based carbon footprints? A case of historic and predicted actions in a suburb in Finland
Authors: Halonen Vilma , Kareinen Elisa , Uusitalo Ville , Claudelin Anna 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Household consumption accounts for 72% of the global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. To obtain consumption-based emissions in accordance with the 1.5-degree target, the carbon footprint of individuals should be reduced to 2.5 t CO2e a−1 by 2030, which means at least a 70% reduction in high-emitting countries. The decrease in consumption-based GHG emissions can be achieved through both technological and behavioural changes. Currently, climate measures are largely dependent on technological efficiency, although behavioural changes are also needed. In this paper, we study how technological actions to decarbonise the energy and mobility sectors affect consumption-based carbon footprints in the years 2010–2030 in a suburb in Finland. Based on the results, emissions from the mobility sector decreased by 50%, and those from the energy sector decreased by 68% in 2010–2030, when only technology development and society-level actions are considered. These emission reductions affected the carbon footprint of an average Finnish suburb by decreasing it by 37%. This study demonstrates that technological actions to decarbonise the energy and mobility sectors do not guarantee adequate emission reduction by 2030 to achieve the 1.5-degree target; therefore, a change in lifestyle and consumption habits is also needed. Further research should take behavioural changes into account when assessing the development of a consumption-based carbon footprint.
Determination of tungsten’s toxicity coefficient for potential ecological risk assessment
Authors: Li Qi , Chen Ming , Zheng Xiaojun , Chen Weijiang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The potential ecological risk index (RI), proposed by the Swedish geochemist Hakanson, has been widely used for quantitatively evaluating the pollution degree caused by various pollutants. As an emerging contaminant, tungsten (W) poses ecological risks to the environment, and the quantitative assessment of the risk is of extraordinary significance. However, the lack of a determined W toxicity coefficient has limited the use of the RI in evaluating the W pollution degree. In this study, the toxicity coefficient of W (= 2.00) was calculated based on Hakanson’s theory, then verified via a case study conducted by 23 sediment samples in Taojiang River near a W mining area in southern Jiangxi. The risk factor (E

w
) and geoaccumulation index (I

geo
) of W, and RI and Nemerow comprehensive pollution index (NCPI) of eight heavy metals at each sampling site were calculated and compared, respectively. The results showed consistent correlations and trends of pollution levels for the investigated sites, which means the rationality of assigning a toxicity coefficient of 2.00 for W. These results can contribute to the use of the RI method for the scientific evaluation of W pollution levels.
A review of angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy study on topological magnetic material family of MnBi2Te4
Authors: Jiang Zhicheng , Liu Jiayu , Liu Zhengtai , Shen Dawei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The MnBi2Te4 family compounds have drawn enormous attention in recent years due to their potential to realize the high-temperature quantum anomalous Hall effect. As one of the most direct techniques to probe electronic structure, angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) has been widely applied to investigate the interplay between the magnetism and non-trivial topological band structure of MnBi2Te4 family materials. Here, we briefly review some of latest progress in ARPES study of MnBi2Te

4

⋅

(Bi2Te3) (n = 0, 1, 2, 3) and analogous MnSb2Te

4

⋅

(Sb2Te3)2 (n = 1, 2) series of materials. Aside from the direct observation of the non-trivial topological band structure, ARPES results reveal that their surface band gap can be well modulated by both temperature and Bi2Te3 interpolation. In addition, although ARPES results of the topological surface states are still under hot debate, the extensive experimental results have provided an opportunity to shed light on the complex interactions in intrinsic magnetic topological insulator.