bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intense 68Ga-FAPI-46 Activity in Lesions of Recurrent Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma That Were Negative on FDG PET/CT Study
Authors: Siripongsatian Dheeratama , Promteangtrong Chetsadaporn , Kunawudhi Anchisa , Kiatkittikul Peerapon , Chotipanich Chanisa 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A 55-year-old woman with recurrent ovarian clear cell carcinoma who underwent complete surgical staging and completed chemotherapy session approximately 7 months before. She presented with increased CA-125 levels. 68Ga-FAPI-46 PET showed significantly higher tumor-to-background contrast of recurrent intra-abdominal node metastases and distant metastases, which were undetectable in the 18F-FDG PET. These findings changed the patient management. Larger studies with comparisons with other imaging modalities are required to validate the diagnostic performance.
Time to OR for patients with abdominal gunshot wounds: A potential process measure to assess the quality of trauma care?
Authors: Thomas Arielle C. , Campbell Brendan T. , Subacius Haris , Bilimoria Karl Y. , Stey Anne M. , Hamad Doulia , Nasca Brian , Nathens Avery B. 
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND
Abdominal gunshot wounds (GSWs) require rapid assessment and operative intervention to reduce the risk of death and complications. We sought to determine if time to the operating room (OR) might be a useful process measure for the assessment of trauma care quality. We evaluated the facility benchmark time to OR for patients with serious injury and whether this was associated with lower rates of complications and mortality.

METHODS
We evaluated time to OR for adult patients with an abdominal GSW presenting in shock to American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Improvement Program centers from 2015 to 2020. We calculated the 75th percentile time to the OR for each center and characterized centers as average, slow, or fast. We compared patient and facility characteristics across outlier status, as well as risk-adjusted complications and mortality using hierarchical multivariable logistic regression models.

RESULTS
There were 4,027 patients in 230 centers that met the inclusion criteria. Mortality was 28%. There were 61 (27%) fast and 52 (23%) slow centers. The median time for slow centers was 83 minutes (68–94 minutes) compared with fast centers, 35 minutes (32–38 minutes). Injury Severity Score and emergency department vital signs were similar across centers. Fast hospitals had higher total case volumes, more cases per surgeon, and were more likely to be Level I centers. Patients cared for in these centers had similar risk-adjusted rates of complications and mortality.

CONCLUSION
Time to OR for patients with abdominal GSWs and shock might be a useful process measure to evaluate rapid decision making and OR access. Surgeon and center experience as measured by annual case volumes, coupled with a rapid surgical response required through Level I trauma center standards might be contributory. There was no association between outlier status and complications or mortality suggesting other factors apart from time to the OR are of greater significance.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic/care management, Level IV.
The ICEBERG: A score and visual representation to track the severity of traumatic brain injury: Design principles and preliminary results
Authors: Vallée Fabrice , Nougue Hélène , Cartailler Jérome , Koundé Paul Robert , Mebazaa Alexandre , Gayat Etienne , Azouvi Philippe , Mateo Joaquim 
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND
Establishing neurological prognoses in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients remains challenging. To help physicians in the early management of severe TBI, we have designed a visual score (ICEBERG score) including multimodal monitoring and treatment-related criteria. We evaluated the ICEBERG scores among patients with severe TBI to predict the 28-day mortality and long-term disability (Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale score at 3 years). In addition, we made a preliminary assessment of the nurses and doctors on the uptake and reception to the use of the ICEBERG visual tool.

METHODS
This study was part of a larger prospective cohort study of 207 patients with severe TBI in the Parisian region (PariS-TBI study). The ICEBERG score included six variables from multimodal monitoring and treatment-related criteria: cerebral perfusion pressure, intracranial pressure, body temperature, sedation depth, arterial partial pressure of CO2, and blood osmolarity. The primary outcome measures included the ICEBERG score and its relationship with hospital mortality and Extended Glasgow Outcome Score.

RESULTS
The hospital mortality was 21% (45/207). The ICEBERG score baseline value and changes during the 72nd first hours were more strongly associated with TBI prognosis than the ICEBERG parameters measured individually. Interestingly, when the clinical and computed tomography parameters at admission were combined with the ICEBERG score at 48 hours using a multimodal approach, the predictive value was significantly increased (area under the curve = 0.92). Furthermore, comparing the ICEBERG visual representation with the traditional numerical readout revealed that changes in patient vitals were more promptly detected using ICEBERG representation (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION
The ICEBERG score could represent a simple and effective method to describe severity in TBI patients, where a high score is associated with increased mortality and disability. In addition, ICEBERG representation could enhance the recognition of unmet therapeutic goals and dynamic evolution of the patient's condition. These preliminary results must be confirmed in a prospective manner.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Diagnostic Tests or Criteria; Level III.
Developing a National Trauma Research Action Plan: Results from the Neurotrauma Research Panel Delphi Survey
Authors: Stein Deborah M. , Braverman Maxwell A. , Phuong Jimmy , Shipper Edward , Price Michelle A. , Bixby Pamela J. , Adelson P. David , Ansel Beth M. , Cifu David X. , DeVine John G. , Galvagno Samuel M. , Gelb Daniel E. , Harris Odette , Kang Christopher S. , Kitagawa Ryan S. , McQuillan Karen A. , Patel Mayur B. , Robertson Claudia S. , Salim Ali , Shutter Lori , Valadka Alex B. , Bulger Eileen M. 
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND
In 2016, the National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine called for the development of a National Trauma Research Action Plan. The Department of Defense funded the Coalition for National Trauma Research to generate a comprehensive research agenda spanning the continuum of trauma and burn care. Given the public health burden of injuries to the central nervous system, neurotrauma was one of 11 panels formed to address this recommendation with a gap analysis and generation of high-priority research questions.

METHODS
We recruited interdisciplinary experts to identify gaps in the neurotrauma literature, generate research questions, and prioritize those questions using a consensus-driven Delphi survey approach. We conducted four Delphi rounds in which participants generated key research questions and then prioritized the importance of the questions on a 9-point Likert scale. Consensus was defined as 60% or greater of panelists agreeing on the priority category. We then coded research questions using an National Trauma Research Action Plan taxonomy of 118 research concepts, which were consistent across all 11 panels.

RESULTS
Twenty-eight neurotrauma experts generated 675 research questions. Of these, 364 (53.9%) reached consensus, and 56 were determined to be high priority (15.4%), 303 were deemed to be medium priority (83.2%), and 5 were low priority (1.4%). The research topics were stratified into three groups—severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), mild TBI (mTBI), and spinal cord injury. The number of high-priority questions for each subtopic was 46 for severe TBI (19.7%), 3 for mTBI (4.3%) and 7 for SCI (11.7%).

CONCLUSION
This Delphi gap analysis of neurotrauma research identified 56 high-priority research questions. There are clear areas of focus for severe TBI, mTBI, and spinal cord injury that will help guide investigators in future neurotrauma research. Funding agencies should consider these gaps when they prioritize future research.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Diagnostic Test or Criteria, Level IV.
Trauma surgeon–performed peripheral arterial repairs are associated with equivalent outcomes when compared with vascular surgeons
Authors: Karam Basil S. , Haberman Kathryn , Nguyen Peter , Eddine Savo Bou Zein , Boyle Kelly , Baskaran Archit , Figueroa Juan , Milia David , Carver Thomas , Somberg Lewis , Webb Travis , Davis Christopher S. , Dodgion Chris , Elegbede Anuoluwapo , de Moya Marc A. 
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND
Civilian extremity trauma with vascular injury carries a significant risk of morbidity, limb loss, and mortality. We aim to describe the trends in extremity vascular injury repair and compare outcomes between trauma and vascular surgeons.

METHODS
We performed a single-center retrospective review of patients 18 years or older with extremity vascular injury requiring surgical intervention between January 2009 and December 2019. Demographics, injury characteristics, operative course, and hospital course were analyzed. Descriptive statistics were used to examine management trends, and outcomes were compared for arterial repairs. Multivariate regression was used to evaluate surgeon specialty as a predictor of complications, readmission, vascular outcomes, and mortality.

RESULTS
A total of 231 patients met our inclusion criteria; 80% were male with a median age of 29 years. The femoral vessels were most commonly injured (39.4%), followed by the popliteal vessels (26.8%). Trauma surgeons performed the majority of femoral artery repairs (82%), while vascular surgeons repaired the majority of popliteal artery injuries (84%). Both had a similar share of brachial artery repairs (36% vs. 39%, respectively). There were no differences in complications, readmission, vascular outcomes, and mortality. Median time from arrival to operating room was significantly shorter for trauma surgeons. There was a significant downward trend between 2009 and 2017 in the proportion of total and femoral vascular procedures performed by trauma surgeons. On multivariate regression, surgical specialty was not a significant predictor of need for vascular reintervention, prophylactic or delayed fasciotomies, postoperative complications, or readmissions.

CONCLUSION
Traumas surgeons arrived quicker to the operating and had no difference in short-term clinical outcomes of brachial and femoral artery repairs compared with patients treated by vascular surgeons. Over the last decade, there has been a significant decline in the number of open vascular repairs done by trauma surgeons.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic/Care Management, Level IV.
Aggression, rank and power: why hens (and other animals) do not always peck according to their strength
Authors: Lewis Rebecca J. 
Published: January 2022

Thorlief Schjelderup-Ebbe's seminal paper on the ‘pecking’ order of chickens inspired numerous ethologists to research and debate the phenomenon of dominance. The expansion of dominance to the broader concept of power facilitated disentangling aggression, strength, rank and power. Aggression is only one means of coercing other individuals, and can sometimes highlight a lack of power. The fitness advantages of aggression may only outweigh the costs during periods of uncertainty. Effective instruments of power also include incentives and refusals to act. Moreover, the stability of the power relationship might vary with the instruments used if different means of power vary in the number and types of outcomes achieved, as well as the speed of accomplishing those outcomes. In well-established relationships, actions or physiological responses in the subordinate individual may even be the only indicator of a power differential. A focus on strength, aggression and fighting provides an incomplete understanding of the power landscape that individuals actually experience. Multiple methods for constructing hierarchies exist but greater attention to the implications of the types of data used in these constructions is needed. Many shifts in our understanding of power were foreshadowed in Schjelderup-Ebbe's discussion about deviations from the linear hierarchy in chickens.This article is part of the theme issue ‘The centennial of the pecking order: current state and future prospects for the study of dominance hierarchies’.
Neural systems that facilitate the representation of social rank
Authors: Dwortz Madeleine F. , Curley James P. , Tye Kay M. , Padilla-Coreano Nancy 
Published: January 2022

Across species, animals organize into social dominance hierarchies that serve to decrease aggression and facilitate survival of the group. Neuroscientists have adopted several model organisms to study dominance hierarchies in the laboratory setting, including fish, reptiles, rodents and primates. We review recent literature across species that sheds light onto how the brain represents social rank to guide socially appropriate behaviour within a dominance hierarchy. First, we discuss how the brain responds to social status signals. Then, we discuss social approach and avoidance learning mechanisms that we propose could drive rank-appropriate behaviour. Lastly, we discuss how the brain represents memories of individuals (social memory) and how this may support the maintenance of unique individual relationships within a social group.This article is part of the theme issue ‘The centennial of the pecking order: current state and future prospects for the study of dominance hierarchies’.
The dynamics of dominance: open questions, challenges and solutions
Authors: Strauss Eli D. , Shizuka Daizaburo 
Published: January 2022

Although social hierarchies are recognized as dynamic systems, they are typically treated as static entities for practical reasons. Here, we ask what we can learn from a dynamical view of dominance, and provide a research agenda for the next decades. We identify five broad questions at the individual, dyadic and group levels, exploring the causes and consequences of individual changes in rank, the dynamics underlying dyadic dominance relationships, and the origins and impacts of social instability. Although challenges remain, we propose avenues for overcoming them. We suggest distinguishing between different types of social mobility to provide conceptual clarity about hierarchy dynamics at the individual level, and emphasize the need to explore how these dynamic processes produce dominance trajectories over individual lifespans and impact selection on status-seeking behaviour. At the dyadic level, there is scope for deeper exploration of decision-making processes leading to observed interactions, and how stable but malleable relationships emerge from these interactions. Across scales, model systems where rank is manipulable will be extremely useful for testing hypotheses about dominance dynamics. Long-term individual-based studies will also be critical for understanding the impact of rare events, and for interrogating dynamics that unfold over lifetimes and generations.This article is part of the theme issue ‘The centennial of the pecking order: current state and future prospects for the study of dominance hierarchies’.
A native chemical chaperone in the human eye lens
Authors: Serebryany Eugene , Chowdhury Sourav , Woods Christopher N. , Thorn David C. , Watson Nicki E. , McClelland Arthur , Klevit Rachel E. , Shakhnovich Eugene I. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCataract is one of the most prevalent protein aggregation disorders and still the most common cause of vision loss worldwide. The metabolically quiescent core region of the human lens lacks cellular or protein turnover; it has therefore evolved remarkable mechanisms to resist light-scattering protein aggregation for a lifetime. We now report that one such mechanism involves an unusually abundant lens metabolite,myo-inositol, suppressing aggregation of lens crystallins. We quantified aggregation suppression using our previously well-characterizedin vitroaggregation assays of oxidation-mimicking human γD-crystallin variants and investigatedmyo-inositol’s molecular mechanism of action using solution NMR, negative-stain TEM, differential scanning fluorometry, thermal scanning Raman spectroscopy, turbidimetry in redox buffers, and free thiol quantitation. Unlike many known chemical chaperones,myo-inositol’s primary target was neither the native nor the unfolded state of the protein, nor the final aggregated state, but rather the rate-limiting bimolecular step on the aggregation pathway. Given recent metabolomic evidence that it is severely depleted in human cataractous lenses compared to age-matched controls, we suggest that maintaining or restoring healthy levels ofmyo-inositol in the lens may be a simple, safe, and globally accessible strategy to prevent or delay lens opacification due to age-onset cataract.
The emergence, spread and vanishing of a French SARS-CoV-2 variant exemplifies the fate of RNA virus epidemics and obeys the Black Queen rule
Authors: Colson Philippe , Gautret Philippe , Delerce Jeremy , Chaudet Hervé , Pontarotti Pierre , Forterre Patrick , Tola Raphael , Bedotto Marielle , Delorme Léa , Levasseur Anthony , Lagier Jean-Christophe , Million Matthieu , Yahi Nouara , Fantini Jacques , La Scola Bernard , Fournier Pierre-Edouard , Raoult Didier 
Published: January 2022

SummaryThe nature and dynamics of mutations associated with the emergence, spread and vanishing of SARS-CoV-2 variants causing successive waves are complex1-5. We determined the kinetics of the most common French variant (“Marseille-4”) for 10 months since its onset in July 20205. Here, we analysed and classified into subvariants and lineages 7,453 genomes obtained by next-generation sequencing. We identified two subvariants, Marseille-4A, which contains 22 different lineages of at least 50 genomes, and Marseille-4B. Their average lifetime was 4.1±1.4 months, during which 4.1±2.6 mutations accumulated. Growth rate was 0.079±0.045, varying from 0.010 to 0.173. All the lineages exhibited a “gamma” distribution. Several beneficial mutations at unpredicted sites initiated a new outbreak, while the accumulation of other mutations resulted in more viral heterogenicity, increased diversity and vanishing of the lineages. Marseille-4B emerged when the other Marseille-4 lineages vanished. Its ORF8 gene was knocked out by a stop codon, as reported in several mink lineages and in the alpha variant. This subvariant was associated with increased hospitalization and death rates, suggesting that ORF8 is a nonvirulence gene. We speculate that the observed heterogenicity of a lineage may predict the end of the outbreak.
Effectiveness of lower limb rehabilitation protocol using mobile health on quality of life, functional strength and functional capacity among knee osteoarthritis patients who were overweight and obese: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Rafiq Muhammad Tariq , Abdul Hamid Mohamad Shariff , Hafiz Eliza 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the lower limb rehabilitation protocol (LLRP) using mobile health (mHealth) on quality of life (QoL), functional strength, and functional capacity among knee OA patients who were overweight and obese.Materials and MethodsIn the current trial, 114 patients were recruited and randomized into either the rehabilitation group with mobile health (RGw-mHealth) receiving reminders by using mHealth to carry on the strengthening exercises of LLRP and instructions of daily care (IDC), the rehabilitation group without mobile health (RGwo-mHealth) following the strengthening exercises of LLRP and instructions of daily care (IDC) and control group (CG) only following the IDC for duration of 12-weeks. The reminders for using mHealth were provided two times a day for three days a week. Primary outcome measures were QoL assessed by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index summary score, and functional strength by Five-Repetition Sit-To-Stand Test. Secondary outcome measure was functional capacity assessed by the Gait Speed Test. The assessments of QoL, functional strength, and functional capacity were taken at baseline and posttest after 12-weeks of intervention.ResultsAfter 12 weeks of intervention, patients in all three groups had statistically significant improvement in QoL within groups (p < 0.05). Furthermore, patients in the RGw-mHealth and RGwo-mHealth had statistically significant improvement in functional strength and walking gait speed within groups (p < 0.05). The pairwise between-group comparisons (Bonferroni post hoc test) of the mean changes in QoL, functional strength, and functional capacity at posttest assessments revealed that patients in the RGw-mHealth had statistically significant greater mean change in QoL, functional strength and functional capacity relative to both the RGwo-mHealth and CG (p < 0.001).ConclusionImprovement in QoL, functional strength, and functional capacity was larger among patients in the RGw-mHealth compared with the RGwo-mHealth or CG.TRIAL REGISTRATIONChinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR1900028600Date of registration: 28-12-2019Registration Status: ProspectiveURL:http://www.chictr.org.cn
New insights on the role of HCN in root hair elongation through single cell proteomics
Authors: Arenas-Alfonseca Lucía , Yamada Masashi , Romero Luis C. , García Irene 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRoot hairs are specialized structures involved in water and nutrient uptake by plants. They elongate from epidermal cells following a complex developmental program. ß-cyanoalanine synthase (CAS), which is mainly involved in hydrogen cyanide (HCN) detoxification in Arabidopsis thaliana, plays a role in root hair elongation, as evidenced by the fact that cas-c1 mutants show a severe defect in root hair shape. In addition to root hairs, CAS C1 is expressed in the quiescent center and meristem. However, the cas-c1 mutation has no visible effect on either tissue, in both control and nutrient-deprivation conditions. To identify its role in root hair formation, we conducted single cell proteomics analysis by isolating root hair cells using Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting (FACS) from wild type and cas-c1 mutants. We also analyzed the presence of S-cyanylation, a protein post-translational modification (PTM) mediated by HCN and affecting cysteine residues and protein activity, in proteins of wild type and cas-c1 mutants. We found that several proteins involved in root hair development, related to the receptor kinase FERONIA signaling and to DNA methylation, are modified by this new post-translational modification.One sentence summaryArabidopsis root hair proteomics unveals that several proteins involved in root hair development are susceptible of modification by S-cyanylation.