bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New hybrid membrane vacuum swing adsorption process for CO2 removal from N2/CO2 mixture: Modeling and optimization by genetic algorithm
Authors: Zarghampoor Mohammad Hossein , soleimani mansooreh , Mozaffarian Mehrdad , Ravanchi Maryam Takht 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this study, a new innovative hybrid membrane/vacuum swing adsorption (VSA) process is developed, modeled, and optimized for removal of CO2 from flue gases. The process benefits from the advantages of membrane simplicity and the high product quality of the adsorption system. The main advantage of this new process is the simultaneous increases of both CO2 purity and its recovery. To achieve this objective, in the first step, a membrane system using PEBAX nano-composite membrane was modeled. In the second step, a VSA system using Zeolite 13X was modeled. The adsorption equilibrium was predicted by the Toth isotherm. To increase the modeling accuracy, the mass transfer rate was calculated based on the quasi-second order model. At the final step, the hybrid membrane/VSA process was modeled. Comparison of the new hybrid membrane/VSA with the stand-alone VSA process shows that the CO2 product concentration was increased by 39% and the recovery was improved by 8%. To study the process limitations and increase the product quality, a sensitivity analysis was performed on vacuum pressure, membrane stage cut, and recycle ratio. Based on the results, decreasing the membrane stage cut to 15% and applying a recycle ratio equal to 2 will increase the product quality with the cost of increasing the equipment size. Finally, to achieve the required purity and recovery specification in industrial applications, the process was optimized using the genetic algorithm. Based on these results, it is possible to produce CO2 with 94.7% purity and 99% recovery and N2 with 99.9% purity and 97.3% recovery by regenerating the adsorbents at 0.01 bar, setting the membrane stage cut equal to 11%, keeping the recycle ratio at 1.89, and adjusting the purge to feed ratio to 2%.
An Obscured Tidal Disruption Event Manifested as Energetic Mid-infrared Outburst in a Milky-Way-sized Star-forming Galaxy
Authors: Liu Hui , Jiang Ning , Sun Luming , Wang Tinggui , Cutri Roc , Shu Xinwen , Wang Yibo , Dou Liming , Zhang Fabao , Zhu Jiazheng , Sheng Zhengfeng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Stellar tidal disruption events (TDEs) by supermassive black holes are now discovered at a rate of about a dozen annually from optical time-domain surveys. However, they are puzzlingly overrepresented in post-starburst galaxies but almost absent in normal star-forming galaxies. We report an energetic mid-infrared nuclear outburst in a nearby Milky Way-sized star-forming galaxy SDSSJ0103+1401, which did not show any signatures of active galactic nucleus prior to the outburst. The infrared outburst can be perfectly fitted by a dust echo model of an optical-UV transient on time scale of half a year with its total radiant energy in the infrared exceeding known supernovae. Along with many other analogs, we suggest that there exists a new population of dust obscured TDEs in star-forming galaxies, represented by SDSSJ0103+1401, missed by previous optical or soft X-ray surveys, but can be efficiently uncovered by their IR echoes. The puzzle of post-starburst preference could be highly alleviated with the obscured population taken into consideration.
Elevated TRAF 6 Expression in Peripheral B Cells Is Associated with Disease Progression in Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: Li Ting , Li Yue , Li Jiawen , Qin Ying-Hui , Zhai Hui , Feng Bin , Li He , Zhang Ning-Nannan , Yang Chun-Sheng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) can regulate the activation of inflammatory signaling pathways by acting as an E3 ubiquitin ligase, which enhances B cell activation. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of TRAF6 in the peripheral blood B cells of myasthenia gravis (MG) patients and analyze the relationships between TRAF6 expression and clinical characteristics.
Results
In our study, TRAF6 expression was elevated in CD19+ B cells and CD19+CD27+ memory B cells in generalized MG (GMG) patients compared with ocular MG (OMG) patients (p = 0.03 and p = 0.03, respectively). There was a significant positive correlation between the TRAF6 expression level and disease severity in both OMG patients and GMG patients (CD19+ B cells: OMG: p < 0.001, r = 0.89; GMG: p = 0.001, r = 0.59; CD29+CD27+ B cells: OMG: p = 0.001, r = 0.80; GMG: p = 0.048, r = 0.38). In the eleven MG patients who were followed, TRAF6 expression in B cells and memory B cells was significantly decreased after treatment (p = 0.03 and p < 0.01, respectively).
Conclusion
TRAF6 may be involved in the pathogenesis underlying inflammation and is potentially a useful biomarker of inflammation in MG.
The characteristic appearance of isolated lenticular posterior capsule rupture captured by Ultrasonic Doppler
Authors: Du Ying-Hua , Li Ran , Cai Su-Zhen , Jia Zhi-Yang , Ma Xiao-Ting 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: The isolated lenticular posterior capsule rupture (ILPCR) due to ocular blunt trauma was too occult to be found. The pictures captured by Ultrasonic doppler (UD) were so distinctive and could help to discover and manage conveniently. Method: 6 cases (six eyes) were reviewed from 2017 to 2021. The ultrasonogram features were analyzed. All cases accepted surgical management and the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were observed by 3 months follow-up.Results: The sign of ILPCR showed a loose, translucent and flocculence-like cortex in the rupture location of the lens on the view of silt-lamp. All ultrasonograms displayed incomplete waveform of the surface between the lenticular posterior capsule and the anterior vitreous. Lenticular matters scattered in the margin at the interface. All six cases occurred in the young patients and were managed by phacoemulsification with vitrectomy and intraocular lens (IOL) in ciliary groove implantation. The visual acuity at 1 and 3-months post-operation improved significantly in comparison to pre-operation assessment (P< 0.01).Conclusion: ILPCR due to ocular blunt trauma is very rare in clinical practice. Only silt-lamp examination might be not enough. However, UD (7~10MHz) will be a good supplementary method. It has guidance and reference value in clinical therapy and prognosis, and can provide superior and objective information because it has many advantages such as improvement in the axial minimum resolution, variable frequency of the probe and broader detection range.
Evaluation of the effects of steroid growth promoter on the intestinal morphology and morphometry in broiler chicken.
Authors: Islam Rafiqul , Sultana Nasrin , Das Rekha Rani , Bhakta Sonali , Haque Ziaul , Islam Mohammad Rafiqul 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The intestine of poultry plays a significant role in the health and production through enzymatic and microbial digestion of feed as well as absorption of dietary nutrients. The current study was designed to explore the gross and histological alterations in the broiler duodenum and cecum triggered by dietary dexamethasone (DEX). The study was conducted on four homogenous groups of one-day-old (20 chicks/group) i.e. one control Non-DEX and three treatment groups (DEX-1, DEX-2, and DEX-3). The broilers were fed commercial broiler feed containing DEX at the rate of 0, 3, 5, and 7mg/kg feed in the Non-DEX, DEX-1, DEX-2, and DEX-3 groups respectively. The gross morphologic and morphometric data were recorded immediately after the collection of samples on days 7, 14, 21, and 28. Then, the tissue samples were processed for histological investigation. In the gross morphometric study, the weight, length, and width of the intestine were found significantly less in the DEX groups. Histopathological study results showed degeneration of intestinal glands (duodenum), mucosa, and lymphatic nodules with loss of lymphatic nodules (cecum). The percentage of the degenerated nodule was also decreased. The length, width, and surface area of the duodenal villi, thickness of the mucosal layer of the cecum, and diameter of the cecal lymphatic nodules were significantly decreased in all the DEX groups. The magnitude of the alterations was associated with both the dose and duration of DEX treatment. However, the current study results imply that DEX treatment significantly alters the morphologic and morphometric characteristics of the broiler intestine.
Field investigation and numerical modelling of gas extraction in a heterogeneous landfill with high leachate level
Authors: xie haijian , Fei Shuangke , He Haijie , Zhang An , Ni Junjun , Chen Yun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A field gas extraction experiment is carried out at a high-kitchen food large-scale landfill site with high leachate level. The leachate level was decreased to improve the gas extraction efficiency. Considering the heterogeneity of the municipal solid waste (MSW), the voids in the unsaturated MSW are divided into matrix pores and fractures. A transient dual-porosity model was then developed to analyze the pumping test results. The first and second boundary conditions considering the effect of cover layers of landfills was involved. The results show that the gas flow rate can be increased by 14%-25% due to the drawdown of the leachate level. Compared with the single pore model, the dual-porosity model can better predict the field results, indicating that the preferential flow in the landfill caused by the heterogeneity of MSWs is very important. As the pumping pressure increases by 5 times, the ratio of fractures to pores wf can be decreased by 4.4 times. This may be due to the fact that the fractures will be compressed when the effective stress was increased as the negative pumping pressure was applied. The pumping pressure and the anisotropy value of the MSWs have the greater influence on the well radius of influence. The proposed model can be used for effective design of the field gas pumping experiments. The obtained gas generation rate, gas permeability of the dual porosity MSWs can be useful for gas transport analysis and gas pumping well design for the high-kitchen food content landfills.
Prediction of Natural Products as Binding Molecules to COVID- 19 Spike Proteins
Authors: Karim Mohammad Bozlul , Kanaya Shigehiko , Altaf-Ul-Amin Md. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Sequences of different spike proteins of COVID-19 are collected and classified by constructing a sequence similarity graph and applying clustering algorithms. Binding affinity of small molecules to those spike proteins is searched by assessing the similarity between spike proteins and different human protein sequences. Selected binding molecules are then compared with natural products mainly plant secondary metabolites based on Tanimoto similarity measure. A tripartite graph is created among spike proteins, binding molecules, and secondary metabolites and a scoring scheme is proposed to measure the strength of a tripartite relation in such a graph. Based on this tripartite graph and scoring scheme, some natural compounds are selected which are likely to be effective against COVID-19. The medicinal and biological activities of the selected compounds are discussed depicting their likelihood to be covid drugs based on scientific literatures.
The Relationship of Endometrial Pathologies with Endometrial Thickness and Inflammatory Markers in Breast Cancers Using Tamoxifen
Authors: Sarioglu Esma , Vural Fisun , Coşkun Ayşe Deniz Ertürk 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Some proliferative and neoplastic changes can be seen in the endometrium of breast cancers using tamoxifen adjuvant therapy(TMX-BC). Identifying risk groups is crucial, but methods and frequency of endometrial follow-ups is still controversial. This study was aimed to investigate the clinical, ultrasonographic, and inflammatory factors to differentiate pathological endometrium in TMX-BC.Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed endometrial biopsy results of TMX-BC(n:361). Normal endometrium (Group I, n:237) and pathological endometrium(Group II, n:124) were compared for clinical, ultrasonographic, and inflammatory features. Neutrophil and platelet to lymphocyte ratio(NLR; PLR), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width(PDW), red blood cell distribution width(RDW), and lymphocyte monocyte ratio(LMR) were the inflammatory markers. Results: The majority of TMX-BC with endometrial biopsy were asymptomatic (72.6%) and had normal endometrium (65.7%). Pathologic endometrium included endometrial polyp(31.9%), endometrial hyperplasia(1.7%), and endometrial cancer(0.8%). Duration of tamoxifen, cancer stage, vaginal bleeding, and menopause was similar in Group I and Group II (p>0.05). Group II had increased endometrial thickness (11.22±5.44mm) compared to Group I (8.51±3.43mm). Group II had higher RDW and PDW than Group I(p<0.05). Endometrial thickness ≥10 mm had significant diagnostic potential in postmenopausal women(AUC:0.676, p:0.000, CI:0.5-0.7), but not in premenopause. Conclusion: PDW and RDW may be promising markers for pathologicalendometrium differentiation, but these preliminary findings should be validated by clinical studies. Measurement of endometrial thickness in asymptomatic patients may predict high-risk women with pathologicalendometrium in postmenopausal women. Further studies are needed in premenopausal women and those using tamoxifen for more than five years.
CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc scores in evaluating the prognosis of maintenance hemodialysis patients
Authors: Wang Lei , Gong Xue , Sun Guijiang , Jiang Aili , Li Bo , Wang Bo , Meng Jia , Lu Zhi , Dong Hongye , Yu Haibo , Bai Fengqi , Chen Kangyin , Zhao Zhiqiang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: The risk of mortality and cardiovascular disease is above the average in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Nevertheless, there is still no way to assess this risk . Hypothesis:There may be important value in evaluating the prognosis of MHD by using CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc scores. Methods: 112 patients who were treated with MHD were enrolled. On the basis of the scores, the investigators divided the patients into 3 groups separately. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used as a comparision the of the incidence between all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events. Multivariate COX regression analysis was used to illustrate the influencing elements of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events. Area under Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC) was applied to estimate that if CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc scores could predict all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events.Results: CHADS2 score showed statistical significance in the incidence of all-cause mortality in the 3 groups (P＜0.01). CHA2DS2-VASc score showed statistical significance both in the incidence of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in the 3 groups (P＜0.05). CHA2DS2-VASc score and troponin I (cTnI) are both risk factors for MHD patients to predict all-cause mortality.What’s more, CHA2DS2-VASc score is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events,which were showed by Multivariate COX regression analysis. For all-cause mortality,the scores have great predictive value . Conclusions: Both CHADS2 scores and CHA2DS2-VASc scores can predict the incidence of all-cause mortality in MHD patients.As for all-cause mortality, CHA2DS2-VASc score and cTnI are dangers. CHA2DS2-VASc score is an independent danger and can predict the occurrence of cardiovascular events.
Bacterial endophytes from wild perennial Cicer confer drought tolerance and induced growth promotion in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Authors: Esmael Zanyar Omer , Bahramnejad Bahman , Harighi Behrouz , Ahmad Nariman S. , Salehi Hemn , Maroofi Hossein , Goodwin Paul H. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background and aimsCicer anatolicum and C. oxyodon are the perennial chickpea species found in the Kurdistan region of Iran. They have greater drought tolerance than the most drought tolerant cultivars of chickpea (Cicer arietinum). They have not been examined thus far for endophytic bacteria, which could have potential for promoting plant growth and increasing drought stress tolerance. The goal of this study was to isolate and characterize endophytic bacteria from C. anatolicum and C. oxyodon , and then inoculate selected strains on C. arietinum and assess their growth under normal and drought conditions.MethodsEndophytic bacteria were isolated from stems, roots and leaves of two perennial chickpea species and characterized for growth under temperature and drought stress, production of indole acetic acid, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase activity, nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, ammonia production, and enzymatic activities of protease, amylase and lipase. Selected isolates were identified using 16S rDNA sequencing, and used to inoculate soil of cultivated chickpea followed by observations of seed germination, growth and development, and photosynthetic pigment contents.ResultsAmong 34 bacterial endophyte isolates from wild perennial chickpeas, in vitro activity was observed for 100% of the isolates for indole acetic acid and ammonia production, 50-60% for phosphate solubilization, protease and amylase activities, 30-40% for nitrogen fixation, lipase, drought tolerance and 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid deaminase, and 23% for heat tolerance. For the 14 isolates with the highest levels of most of those traits, there were five Bacillus species, Micrococcus flavus and Kocuria rosea, all of which have not been reported previously as Cicer endophtyes. Cultivated chickpea, Cicer arietinum, was soil inoculated with isolates Bacillus pumilus COBR7, B. pumilus CAAR3, Bacillus simplex CAAR1 or Bacillus muralis CASR16. With watering, B. pumilus COBR7 most increased seed germination, root/shoot growth and photosynthetic pigments, but with drought, different traits were increased by either B. simplex CAAR1, B. muralis CASR16 or B. pumilus COBR7.ConclusionsCicer anatolicum and C. oxyodon contains bacterial endophytes not yet reported from C. arietinum, some of which promoted plant growth without drought as well as improved drought tolerance of cultivated chickpea in the greenhouse.
Switchable Edge-line Coupler based on Parity Time-reversal-Duality Symmetry
Authors: Maci Stefano , Nadeem Iram , Verri Valentina , Martini Enrica , Morgia Fabio , Mattivi Maurizio , Toccafondi Alberto 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A four port broadband Edge-Line Coupler (ELC) based on Parity Time-reversal Duality (PTD) symmetry has been conceived, designed, constructed and measured. The coupler connects four PTD bifilar edge lines (BELs), recently introduced by the authors. The PTD-BELs are constituted by a parallel plate waveguide whose walls are formed by a junction between Perfect Electric Conductor (PEC) and Perfect Magnetic Conductor (PMC) boundary conditions. Reversing the axis orthogonal to the plates interchanges the position of PEC and PMC. Such a waveguide supports unimodal transverse electromagnetic (TEM) mode propagation, extremely confined along the top and bottom junction edges; its propagation is protected against backscattering from any discontinuity that preserves the PTD symmetry. The ELC presented here is constituted by a 4-port junction in which each port is intrinsically matched due to the PTD symmetry, strongly coupled with a second port, strongly decoupled with a third port, and weakly coupled with a fourth port. The ELC is designed by using mushroom for the PMC portion of the device; the connection is based on a switch circuit which imposes open and short conditions on the two opposite sides of the structure. Switching simultaneously the open and short circuits reroutes the signal in a different port, while maintaining the same level of coupling with the other ports. A static prototype has been built and its measurements have confirmed the matching performance and the good directionality of the coupler in a broadband frequency range between 24 and 30 GHz.
Physical model experiment research on evolution process of water inrush hazard in a deep-buried tunnel containing the filling fault
Authors: Xu Xin , Jing Hongwen , Zhao Zhenlong , Yin Qian , Li Jian , Li Hong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In deep tunnel engineering, water inrush disasters caused by filling faults occur frequently and have generated wide interest in the fields of rock mechanics and fluid mechanics. In this paper, the rock mass similar material is prepared with river sand as aggregate, cement as a binder, and clay as a regulator, and the similar material of the fault is composed of river sand and gravel, which lays a good foundation for the development of physical model experiment. Then, by using the self-designed visualization test system of the two-dimensional model of deep-buried tunnel filling fault water inrush, four physical models were laid by changing the fault width, fault cross distance, and fault cross angle to study the effect of different hydraulic pressures. In addition, the evolution process of water inrush disaster and the distribution characteristics of seepage weakening failure zone, hydraulic buckling failure zone, and excavation disturbance failure zone are analyzed and discussed. Furthermore, the justification classifications of tunnel risk were established to characterize the process of water-inrush of different schemes for different loading water pressure. The research results further reveal the evolution characteristics of rock fissures, connection, and formation of water inrush channels, and provide an important basis for reducing and controlling the occurrence of such tunnel water inrush disasters.
Predicting Hip-Knee-Ankle and Femorotibial Angles from Knee Radiographs with Deep Learning
Authors: Wang Jinhong , Hall Thomas , Musbahi Omar , Jones Gareth , Arkel Richard van 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Knee alignment affects the development and surgical treatment of knee osteoarthritis. This research aimed to improve its automatic measurement from posteroanterior (PA) knee radiographs by using convolutional neural networks. Radiographs from the Osteoarthritis Initiative with corresponding femorotibial angle (FTA, N = 6149) and hip-knee-ankle angle (HKA, N = 2351) measurements, were split into training, validation, and test datasets in a 70:15:15 ratio. Separate models were developed for the prediction of FTA and HKA and their accuracy quantified. Heat maps were then used to identify the anatomical features within each image that most contributed to the predicted angles. High accuracy was achieved for FTA (mean absolute error 0.8°), and better than state-of-the-art accuracy was achieved for HKA (mean absolute error 1.7°). Heat maps for both models were concentrated on the knee anatomy and could prove a valuable tool for assessing prediction reliability in clinical application. Deep learning techniques enable fast, reliable and accurate predictions of both FTA and HKA from plain knee radiographs and could lead to cost savings for healthcare providers and reduced radiation exposure for patients.