bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time modulation based unconventional phased antenna arrays for monopulse and multifunction radar systems
Authors: Chakraborty Avishek , Ram Gopi , Mandal Durbadal 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe development of novel and innovative phased array designs toward affordable and performance‐oriented solutions has become the dire need of modern‐age wireless communication technologies. This paper proposed an unconventional method to design phased array antennas by eliminating the need of phase shifters. A cost‐effective alternative is presented by using “time‐modulation” based arrays capable of beam steering and electronic scanning. Controlling the high‐speed absorptive switches connected with each radiating elements in a periodic manner to generate the desired amplitude and phase tapering is the main purpose of these time‐domain arrays. So, the need for expensive phase shifters and erroneous attenuators can be avoided. This article explored the idea of “time‐modulation” to design innovative and efficient phased arrays for monopulse and multifunction radar systems. Suitable switching sequences are designed to produce simultaneous sum‐difference radiation patterns for monopulse tracking radars, and simultaneous scanned beam patterns for multifunction radars. To achieve the desired objectives, time‐modulated linear arrays of 10, 20, and 30 elements are proposed with appropriate switching sequences. The parameters of the arrays such as switch‐ON instants, switch‐ON periods, and switch‐OFF instants are controlled by employing the crow search optimization (CSO) algorithm. Representative results for both the applications are elaborated and compared with recently published counterpart designs to present the potentialities of the proposed concept for electronic steering and beam scanning applications.
Polyamide Nanofibers Impregnated with Nitrile Rubber for Enhancing CFRP Delamination Resistance
Authors: Ortolani Jacopo , Maccaferri Emanuele , Mazzocchetti Laura , Benelli Tiziana , Brugo Tommaso Maria , Zucchelli Andrea , Giorgini Loris 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDelamination is the main responsible for structural failure of composites having a laminar structure. In the present work, polyamide (Nylon 66) nanofibers, even impregnated with uncrosslinked nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), are interleaved into epoxy‐based carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates with the aim to counteract the delamination phenomenon. The performance of nano‐modified composites using both the nanofibrous mat types, that is, Nylon 66 and NBR‐impregnated Nylon 66 membranes, is investigated. Mode I loading tests show a significant improvement of the interlaminar fracture toughness of rubber‐modified CFRPs, especially in the GI,R (up to +151%). The improvement in the GI,C is less pronounced, but still significant (up to +80%). The achieved results are very encouraging and pave the way to the use of such Nylon–NBR hybrid mats for hindering delamination.
New Concept of Electronically and Protonic Conductive Polymer Structures for the Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis Produced by Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Maletzko Annabelle , Brösgen Linda , Kaffo Christian Tchoffo , Villa Eduardo Daniel Gomez , Melke Julia , Hübner Christof , Höhne Carl‐Christoph 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) water electrolysis is a promising technology for the production of hydrogen from water using fluctuating renewable electricity sources. However, the investment cost of the PEM electrolysis technology has to be lowered considerably to achieve a widespread application. Polymer materials can be used as low‐cost materials to solve this issue. However, the conditions within the electrolysis cells are challenging for polymeric materials, especially for materials used within the oxygen‐evolving electrode. This study reports the new concept of electronically and protonic conductive polymer structures for the PEM water electrolysis produced by additive manufacturing and first results of investigations on compounds suitable for this concept.
Prumnopitys Andina Fruit Extract Activates Liver X Receptors after In Vitro Digestion
Authors: Jiménez‐Aspee Felipe , Pospiech Jonas , Bauer Sarah , Sus Nadine , Kufer Thomas A. , Frank Jan 
Published: October 2022

Scope20‐Hydroxyecdysone (20E) is the main phytochemical present in the fresh arils of Prumnopitys andina. 20E is reported to have anabolic effects by modulation of gene transcription by interaction with nuclear receptors. Our aim is to evaluate the in vitro bioaccessibility, transepithelial transport of 20E, and the capacity of P. andina fruit extract and 20E to activate selected mammalian nuclear receptors in transiently transfected human cells after simulated gastrointestinal digestion.Results20E shows good stability, solubility, and micellization after in vitro digestion. 20E is taken up by Caco‐2 cells, but poorly transported through the epithelial cell membrane, possibly due to P‐glycoprotein‐mediated efflux. In transiently transfected HepG2 cells, the fruit extract significantly induces the signal intensity for the liver X receptor (LXR)‐α and ‐β by 1.6 and 1.4‐fold, respectively. In contrast, the treatment with 20E, irrespective of its concentration, did not change the activity of both LXR receptors. No effects are observed for the pregnane X receptor or the constitutive androstane receptor.ConclusionOur findings show that components of the digested P. andina extract other than 20E are responsible for the effects on LXR‐α and ‐β. Our findings open new perspectives on the potential role of P. andina fruits in cholesterol metabolism and inflammatory diseases.
Use of infographics for facilitating learning of pharmacology in the nursing degree
Authors: Meneses‐Monroy Alfonso , Rivas‐Paterna Ana B. , Orgaz‐Rivas Elena , García‐González Francisco J. , González‐Sanavia María J. , Moreno Guillermo , Pacheco Enrique 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimTo evaluate the impact of an educational intervention focused on teaching students to create infographics to improve pharmacology learning.DesignThis is a comparative study.MethodsThe population was 250 nursing students who had to create two infographics in groups related to the content that had been addressed in pharmacology in two different moments. Students and professors evaluated the infographics through a 5‐point Likert scale. Scores from the official exam of the pharmacology subject were obtained.ResultsMost of the students scored below 50% for the “excellent” and “good” categories. Intraclass correlation and kappa correlations among students and professors' evaluations were low. The comparison between both times of students' evaluations only yields significant correlation values for the criterion “Understanding of information” (r = .039, p = .024) and the “Visual presentation of information” (r = .041, p = .019). No correlation was obtained between the test and evaluations values of the infographic.
Obstacles and opportunities in managing coexisting obesity and CKD: Report of a scientific workshop cosponsored by the National Kidney Foundation and The Obesity Society
Authors: Friedman Allon N. , Schauer Philip R. , Beddhu Srinivasan , Kramer Holly , le Roux Carel W. , Purnell Jonathan Q. , Sunwold Duane , Tuttle Katherine R. , Jastreboff Ania M. , Kaplan Lee M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe National Kidney Foundation (NKF) and The Obesity Society (TOS) cosponsored a multispecialty international workshop in April 2021 to advance the understanding and management of obesity in adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The underlying rationale for the workshop was the accumulating evidence that obesity is a major contributor to CKD and adverse outcomes in individuals with CKD, and that effective treatment of obesity, including lifestyle intervention, weight loss medications, and metabolic surgery, can have beneficial effects. The attendees included a range of experts in the areas of kidney disease, obesity medicine, endocrinology, diabetes, bariatric/metabolic surgery, endoscopy, transplant surgery, and nutrition, as well as patients with obesity and CKD. The group identified strategies to increase patient and provider engagement in obesity management, outlined a collaborative action plan to engage nephrologists and obesity medicine experts in obesity management, and identified research opportunities to address gaps in knowledge about the interaction between obesity and kidney disease. The workshop's conclusions help lay the groundwork for development of an effective, scientifically based, and multidisciplinary approach to the management of obesity in people with CKD.
The added value of skeletal surveys in the initial evaluation of children diagnosed with Langerhans cell histiocytosis in the era of staging 18F‐FDG PET/CT: A retrospective study
Authors: Rameh Vanessa , Voss Stephan , Bedoya M. Alejandra , Beaulieu Danielle , Zhang Da , Degar Barbara A. , Tsai Andy 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveCurrently, there is no consensus protocol on the initial staging evaluation for Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). Our institutional protocol consists of a skeletal survey and a whole‐body positron emission tomography with 2‐deoxy‐2‐[fluorine‐18] fluoro‐D‐glucose integrated with computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) study. The utility of the PET/CT lies in its sensitivity in detecting osseous and extra‐osseous lesions, and in determining the baseline metabolic activity of LCH lesions to assess treatment response. However, the added utility of the skeletal survey in staging LCH is unclear. Therefore, this study retrospectively assessed the added diagnostic value of skeletal surveys in patients with baseline PET/CTs for initial staging of LCH.MethodsWe retrospectively searched the medical records of all patients less than or equal to 18 years old at a large children's hospital (May 2013 to September 2021). The inclusion criteria were (a) biopsy‐proven diagnosis of LCH and (b) initial staging PET/CT and skeletal survey performed less than or equal to 1 month apart. A blinded pediatric radiologist reviewed the skeletal surveys and another reviewed the PET/CTs in identifying LCH osseous lesions.ResultsOur study cohort consisted of 49 children with 86 LCH osseous lesions. In non‐extremity locations, PET/CT identified 70/70 (100%) osseous lesions, while skeletal surveys detected 43/70 (61.4%) osseous lesions. In the extremities, PET/CT identified 13/16 (81.3%) osseous lesions, while skeletal surveys detected 15/16 (93.8%) osseous lesions.ConclusionSkeletal surveys increased the detection rate of osseous lesions in the extremities, but added no diagnostic value to the detection of osseous lesions in non‐extremity locations. Therefore, we propose to abbreviate the skeletal survey to include only extremity radiographs.
Experimental and application of continuous regeneration of waste rubber
Authors: Cheng Yaohua , Wang Qianting 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCombined with the Serial Rubber Continuous Mixing Device (SRCMD) and custom‐built rotors, the real continuous regeneration of waste rubber was realized. The upstream mixer effectively solves the problem of pretreatment of waste rubber and realizes its preliminary regeneration. The downstream twin‐screw extruder realizes supplementary regeneration and plasticized extrusion of waste rubber. The optimal process parameters for preparing SRCMD‐reclaimed rubber were explored through orthogonal experiments. Compared to the commercially‐reclaimed rubber produced by the traditional vulcanization tank high‐temperature regeneration method, the SRCMD‐reclaimed rubber well retains the main chain structure of waste rubber and has obvious advantages in various properties. The conveyor belt coverings made by partially replacing styrene butadiene rubber with SRCMD‐reclaimed rubber fully meet the requirements of the national standard in all properties and are better than commercially‐reclaimed rubber, which has good application prospects and provides a guide for promoting the industrial transformation of recycled rubber.
Pulmonary involvement in Anti‐Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody Associated Vasculitis: A single centre case series
Authors: Bell Peter T. , Sheehy Robert , Droney Luke , Prain Kerri , Wong Richard , Keir Gregory J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAnti‐Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody associated Vasculitides (AAV) comprise a rare group of disorders in which respiratory tract involvement is variable and often severe. The rarity and heterogeneity of AAV makes this a challenging condition to diagnose and manage. In this single‐centre case series of 44 patients with AAV‐associated respiratory disease, we provide an overview of disease manifestations, management aspects and treatment outcomes. Data from this case series highlight the real‐world diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of the AAV respiratory disease spectrum; including uncertainties in the management of fibrosing interstitial lung disease, tracheobronchial stenosis and diffuse alveolar haemorrhage.
Does swimming activity influence gas bubble trauma in fish?
Authors: Pleizier Naomi K. , Cooke Steven J. , Brauner Colin J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTotal dissolved gas (TDG) supersaturation from sources such as hydroelectric dams can cause harmful bubble growth in the tissues of aquatic animals, known as gas bubble trauma (GBT). Locomotion is known to exacerbate bubble growth in tissues during decompression under certain conditions (such as in diving animals), possibly because of increased bubble nucleation. As with decompression sickness, GBT is caused by the supersaturation of tissues with gas, and thus we hypothesize that locomotion promotes bubble nucleation in the tissues of fish exposed to TDG supersaturation. Many previous laboratory studies have tested the effects of TDG on fish exposed to low‐velocity, non‐directional flow, whereas fish in field conditions are exposed to higher‐velocity flows and are likely more active. Therefore, it is important to understand the effects of locomotion on GBT to apply laboratory results to active fish in field conditions. We exposed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to either control (100% TDG) or TDG supersaturation (123% TDG) in either static or flowing water conditions (1.8 Bl/s) and recorded time to 50% loss of equilibrium (LOE). We observed no statistically significant difference in time to 50% LOE between flow conditions. Given the lack of statistically significant difference between static and flowing water, our findings indicate that results from GBT experiments on rainbow trout in non‐directional flow are applicable to more active individuals.
Study on Capture Performance on PbCl2 and CdCl2 using Kaolin Modified by Sodium Ions
Authors: Liu Changqi , Huang Yaji , Zhu Zhicheng , Yu Mengzhu , Meng Junguang , Bu Changsheng , Zhang Jubing 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDifferent concentrations solutions of NaOH and NaCl were used to modify raw kaolin for improving its heavy metal capture performance. The best modified kaolin was formed by 0.19375 g NaOH modifying 10 g kaolin based on the evaluating index of capture efficiency with 4 % and 47 % increase for PbCl2 and CdCl2. This modified method can obtain a new adsorbent which has good capture effect on both PbCl2 and CdCl2 at the same time. Based on the evaluating index of the ratios of Pb/Al and Cd/Al, the best modified adsorbents on PbCl2 and CdCl2 were 10 g kaolin modified by 0.775 g NaOH and 10 g kaolin modified by 0.5675 g NaCl. The FTIR spectroscopy and specific surface areas of modified kaolin were measured. The adsorption products of modified kaolin were characterized by SEM, XRD. Leaching toxicity of adsorption products of modified kaolin was carried out and the modification mechanism was described.
Heterogeneous Activation of Persulfate by Activated Carbon for Efficient Acetaminophen Degradation: Mechanism, Kinetics, Mineralization, and Density Functional Theory
Authors: Qutob Mohammad , Doğan Şifa , Rafatullah Mohd 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPharmaceutical compounds attracted environmentalists according to their unknown impact on the ecosystem and the increase in their demand. Acetaminophen (ACT) or paracetamol has been detected more than the natural concentration value. To avoid the negative impact of the ACT accumulation into the environment, many treatment techniques have been applied. Among them, advanced oxidation process (AOP) techniques have shown high efficiency to remove ACT. In this study, the ability of AC to catalyze PS by its functional group was evaluated, and the degradation efficiency of ACT was determined by using an activated carbon (AC)/persulfate (PS) system. In addition, the mechanism, kinetics, mineralization, and the density functional theory were also investigated. HPLC was used to measure ACT concentration, and the optimum results in this work were 100 % degradation within 3 minutes at catalysts concentrations AC 8.25 mM/PS 1.65 mM at pH 7 and the mineralization were 24 % after 90 min of reaction. And the degradation pathway of ACT was built based on density functional theory. This study will contribute to clarifying the role of carbon catalysts in the PS oxidation of pollutants. The degradation of ACT by using an AC/PS system is recommended because of the high degradations efficiency, non‐toxic by‐products, and environmentally friendly.
MXene Based Electrospun Polymer Electrolyte fibers: Fabrication and Enhanced Ionic Conductivity
Authors: Sharma Parul Kumar , Pradhan Sunil Kumar , Pramanik Monidipa , Limaye Mukta V. , Singh Shashi B. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn the present exploration, MXene (Ti3C2Tx) based composite polymer electrolytes (CPEs) are fabricated by electrospinning technique to make free‐standing fiber films. In this process, four different composite polymer electrolytes (CPEs) are synthesized by varying the MXene content from 0 mg to 60 mg in poly‐acrylonitrile (PAN) along with NaPF6 solution. The electron microscopic studies reveal the layered morphology of synthesized MXene samples. Further, MXene based CPE fibers exhibit lengths of several micro‐meters with widths < 3 μm. The linear sweep voltammetry results manifest the electrochemical stability of CPES up to 3.3 V. The key studies in this research work are the incorporation of sodium‐based salts which are more abundant, less expensive, less reactive, and environment friendly than other Li based salts, also the highlighted findings have been assigned to the impedance and the DC polarization, which illustrate the enhanced ionic conductivities (of the order of 10−6 S/cm) for the 20 mg MXene based CPE sample. Further, the Fourier Transform Infra‐Red (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis and its deconvolution studies have been carried out, which depict the enhancement in the free ion concentration in the MXene based CPEs samples.
Silver Iodide‐mediated Insertion of Indium to Synthesize Water‐tolerant Organoindium Reagents and the Application in Cross‐coupling Reactions
Authors: Yu Yunzi , Feng Yuqin , Ma Wenxia , Li Haibo , Yang Ming , Zhang Gang , Yang Yongsheng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA direct synthesis method of efficient and mild water‐resistant organoindium reagents and their cross‐coupling reactions with aryl iodide by palladium‐catalyzed was described. At room temperature, organic indium reagents were mediated by AgI, and water‐tolerant alkyl indium reagents were directly and efficiently synthesized. The cross‐coupling reaction of organic indium reagents with various aryl halides could perform smoothly with palladium catalysis. The expected products were obtained in moderate to good yields, and the best yield can reach 99 %. These reactions are promising for their high reactivity, broad applicability, and functional group tolerance.
Palladium(II) Pincer Complexes Derived From N,N’,N’’‐Tris(2‐thioanisyl)guanidine. Syntheses, Structural Aspects, Solution Behaviour and Suzuki‐Miyaura Coupling Reactions
Authors: Sinha Nitish Kumar , Thirupathi Natesan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGuanidine, [(ArNH)2C=NAr] (Ar=2‐(MeS)C6H4) was prepared in 70 % (method 1)/92 % (method 2) yields. Cyclopalladation of the guanidine with Pd(OC(O)R)2 (R=Me and tBu) afforded the CNS pincer complexes, [Pd{κ3(C,N,S)}(OC(O)R)] in 82 % and 75 % yields, respectively. [Pd{κ3(C,N,S)}(OC(O)R)] (R=Me and tBu) upon metathesis reaction with LiBr gave [Pd{κ3(C,N,S)}Br] in 67 % and 72 % yields, respectively. The reaction of [Pd{κ3(C,N,S)}Br] with AgBF4 in MeCN gave [Pd{κ3(C,N,S)}(MeCN)]BF4 in 82 % yield. The new compounds were characterised by elemental analysis, IR and NMR spectroscopies and mass spectrometry. Molecular structures of [(ArNH)2C=NAr] (Ar=2‐(MeS)C6H4) and [Pd{κ3(C,N,S)}(OC(O)tBu)] were determined by single crystal X‐ray diffraction while the solution behaviour of the former compound studied by VT 1H  NMR spectroscopy. [Pd{κ3(C,N,S)}(OAc)] was used as a catalyst in Suzuki‐Miyaura coupling reactions of aryl bromides with aryl boronic acids.
Selenation of 2‐Hydroxyphenyl Enaminones with Se Powder to Generate ArSe‐subsituted Chromone Derivatives
Authors: Xu Pan , Zhong Zijian , Huang Haixuan , Zhou Aihua 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA simple and efficient selenylation/cyclization of 2‐hydroxyphenyl enaminones towards the synthesis of ArSe‐subsituted chromone derivatives has been realized. This reaction is performed with selenium powder and aromatic iodides together in one‐pot under simple conditions, good yields of target products were obtained. Furthermore, the reaction can be also extended to sulfenylation/cyclization of 2‐hydroxyphenyl enaminones via using sulfur powder, demonstrating its wide application scope.
Paraffin@Silica Microencapsulated Phase Change Materials with Improved Anti‐Leakage Properties
Authors: Zhang Daofu , Cai Tianyu , Li Yujiao , Li Yongsheng , He Fangfang , Chen Zhengguo , Zhu Liqin , He Chuandong , Yang Wenbin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA series of paraffin (Pn)@silica (SiO2) microencapsulated phase change materials (MEPCM) were synthesized by sol‐gel process using tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and silane coupling agent as precursors. The morphology and chemical compositions of Pn@SiO2 microcapsules were characterized by SEM and FT‐IR, and thermal energy storage capacity was tested by DSC. The results showed that the Pn@SiO2 microcapsules modified with 3‐methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPS) had a desirable phase transition enthalpy (184.12 J/g). Meanwhile, the contact angle and leakage rate of Pn@SiO2 microcapsules were analyzed, and the data indicated the contact angle of Pn@SiO2 microcapsules was significantly improved and the leakage rate of Pn@SiO2 microcapsules was reduced to different degrees by modification with silane coupling agents. The main reason is that the modification of silane coupling agents improves the wettability of silica on the surface of paraffin wax, which makes the aggregation of silica on the surface of paraffin more efficient. Among them, the Pn@SiO2 microcapsules modified by MPS showed the most significant reduction in leakage rate, which was reduced from 8.38 % to 1.24 %. Pn@SiO2 microcapsules modified by MPS not only showed outstanding latent heat‐storage/release capability with a high capacity but also exhibited good shape stability, high thermal stability and excellent phase‐change reliability and durability.
Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel 4‐(4‐Chlorobenzyl)‐6‐methylpyridazin‐3(2H)‐one Derivatives as Hepatitis B Virus Inhibitors
Authors: Unsal Tan Oya , Moncol Jan , Durantel David 
Published: October 2022

Abstract22 Novel pyridazin‐3‐ones have been designed for anti‐hepatitis B virus (HBV) activity by structural modifications of 3711 which is capsid assembly modulator. Structure of the target compounds were confirmed by elemental analysis and spectroscopic data including X‐ray studies. Among them, the compound having piperazine moiety showed notable inhibitory activity on secretion of HBV DNA and HBeAg which is comparable to that of AT‐130. The preliminary structure‐activity relationships (SARs) of the newly synthesized pyridazin‐3‐one analogues were summarized, which may help researchers to discover more potent anti‐HBV agents bearing pyridazine‐3‐one scaffold.