bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Liver transplantation in glycogen storage disease: a single-center experience
Authors: Beyzaei Zahra , Shamsaeefar Alireza , Kazemi Kurosh , Nikeghbalian Saman , Bahador Ali , Dehghani Masoud , Malekhosseini Seyed-Ali , Geramizadeh Bita 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Glycogen storage diseases (GSDs) are inherited glycogen metabolic disorders which have various subtypes. GSDs of type I, III, IV, VI, and IX show liver involvement and are considered as hepatic types of GSDs. Thus, liver transplantation (LT) has been proposed as a final therapy for these types of GSD. LT corrects the primary hepatic enzyme defect; however, the long-term outcomes of LT in these patients have not been extensively evaluated so far. There are few reports in the English literature about the outcome of GSD patients after LT. There has been no report from Iran. The present retrospective study aimed to evaluate the long-term outcomes of eight patients with GSD types I, III, and IV who underwent LT in the affiliated hospitals of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, from March 2013 to June 2021. During this period, there were no patients with GSD VI and IX identified in this center.

Results
The median time of diagnosis of the GSDs and at transplant was 1 year and 11 years, respectively. All eight transplanted patients were alive at the time of follow-up in this study. None of them required a re-transplant. All of the patients showed normalized liver enzymes after LT with no sign of hypoglycemia.

Conclusions
LT is an achievable treatment for end-stage hepatic involvement of GSDs with a cure for metabolic deficiency. Our experience in these eight patients shows a favorable outcome with no mortality and no major complication.
Chlamydia pneumoniae infections and development of lung cancer: systematic review
Authors: Premachandra Nadeesha Madushani , Jayaweera J. A. A. Sampath 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundChlamydia pneumoniaeis an obligate intracellular pathogen and is a common cause of human respiratory diseases, including pneumonia. It has been already known to have a causal relationship with some chronic diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we aim to find out the association betweenC. pneumoniaeinfection and lung cancer.MethodsThis is a systematic review onC. pneumoniaeinfection and the development of lung cancer, based on published articles consolidated from PubMed and Google Scholar on the topic.ResultsOut of 46 articles, 27 were selected and screened through the process. Twenty-four articles positively supported the hypothesis with one animal model, while 3 of them were negatively supportive. Several proposed mechanisms explain the pathogenesis with some knowledge gaps.ConclusionAlthough some studies showed an association betweenC. pneumoniaeinfection and lung cancer, whether theC. pneumoniaeinfection is an individual risk factor for lung cancer is still debatable. And it needs further experimental studies on both humans and animals with large observational studies to better understand the association betweenC. pneumoniaeinfection and lung cancer.
Pediatric specific challenges of the single institutional review board mandate
Authors: Hu Andrew , Holl Jane L. , Raval Mehul V. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The Common Rule Revision (CRR) mandates a single institutional review board (IRB) for all US federally funded nonexempt multisite human participant research. While the CRR aims to improve research efficiency, its success in pediatric research remains uncertain

Main body
There are multiple challenges that threaten the purported efficiency of the single IRB mandate. While the CRR is clear that ethical review is the purview of the single IRB, responsibility for issues of local study governance are less well defined. Therefore, reliance agreements (RA) must be negotiated between single IRBs and participating institutions. These negotiations can vary significantly based upon the institution’s local context and are often arduous, lengthy, and burdensome. Furthermore, in pediatric research, issues such as assent, surrogate consent, and IRB risk determination add additional layers of complexity that must be considered. No clear system exists for resolving disagreements surrounding these critical human participant protection issues. Finally, the variation in institutional resources directed towards pediatric research may mean that only a select few pediatric institutions will be able to function in the single IRB system. These challenges will need to be overcome to successfully implement the CRR and achieve its objective of improving multisite research efficiency. We suggest that an empiric and collaborative approach utilizing implementation strategies is necessary for the CRR and single IRBs to be effective.

Conclusion
The CRR seeks to improve the efficiency of multisite human participant research in the US. There are multiple challenges that will need to be overcome. An empiric collaborative approach is necessary. If successful, single IRBs have the potential to usher in a new era of impactful and efficient multisite pediatric research.
Estimating the financial impact of livestock schistosomiasis on traditional subsistence and transhumance farmers keeping cattle, sheep and goats in northern Senegal
Authors: Adeyemo Praise , Léger Elsa , Hollenberg Elizabeth , Diouf Nicolas , Sène Mariama , Webster Joanne P. , Häsler Barbara 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundSchistosomiasis is a disease that poses major threats to human and animal health, as well as the economy, especially in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Whilst many studies have evaluated the economic impact of schistosomiasis in humans, to date only one has been performed in livestock in SSA and none in Senegal. This study aimed to estimate the financial impact of livestock schistosomiasis in selected regions of Senegal.MethodsStochastic partial budget models were developed for traditional ruminant farmers in 12 villages in northern Senegal. The models were parameterised using data from a cross-sectional survey, focus group discussions, scientific literature and available statistics. Two scenarios were defined: scenario 1 modelled a situation in which farmers tested and treated their livestock for schistosomiasis, whilst scenario 2 modelled a situation in which there were no tests or treatment. The model was run with 10,000 iterations for 1 year; results were expressed in West African CFA francs (XOF; 1 XOF was equivalent to 0.0014 GBP at the time of analysis). Sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the impact of uncertain variables on the disease costs.ResultsFarmers surveyed were aware of schistosomiasis in their ruminant livestock and reported hollowing around the eyes, diarrhoea and weight loss as the most common clinical signs in all species. For scenario 1, the median disease costs per year and head of cattle, sheep and goats were estimated at 13,408 XOF, 27,227 XOF and 27,694 XOF, respectively. For scenario 2, the disease costs per year and head of cattle, sheep and goats were estimated at 49,296 XOF, 70,072 XOF and 70,281 XOF, respectively.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the financial impact of livestock schistosomiasis on traditional subsistence and transhumance farmers is substantial. Consequently, treating livestock schistosomiasis has the potential to generate considerable benefits to farmers and their families. Given the dearth of data in this region, our study serves as a foundation for further in-depth studies to provide estimates of disease impact and as a baseline for future economic analyses. This will also enable One Health economic studies where the burden on both humans and animals is estimated and included in cross-sectoral cost–benefit and cost-effectiveness analyses of disease control strategies.Graphical Abstract
Impact of the sickle mutant and temperature on the structure of transcripts and RNAs from Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Marshall Carine M. , Harmon Frank G. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objectives
The objective of this data set was to identify how interaction between temperature and the sickle-3 (sic-3) mutant alters the global messenger RNA (mRNA) content of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. The motivation was discovery of atypical mRNA splice variants in sic-3 that differed with seedling growth temperature. The expected outcome was identification of mRNA splice variants altered by sic-3, temperature, or the combination of temperature and genotype.

Data description
The data set is RNAseq profiling of Arabidopsis (Col-0 ecotype) wild type and sic-3 seedlings under 16 °C or 28 °C. A comprehensive view of global mRNA sequences and their content was captured by deep sequencing of RNA pools made from sets of seedlings sampled every 4 h over 20 h. This data set contains sequences representing the spectrum of mRNA splice variants from individual genes, as well as from mRNA-related sequences like spliced introns. This data set enables detection of significant changes in gene-level expression and relative levels of mRNA splice variants caused by the different growth temperatures, the sic-3 mutation or both factors. This data set is useful to study production of mRNA splice variants and other mRNA-related RNAs in a range of plant species because Arabidopsis is a model plant.
Longitudinal borehole functionality in 15 rural Ghanaian towns from three groundwater quality clusters
Authors: Schultes Olivia L. , Sikder Mustafa , Agyapong Emmanuel A. , Sodipo Michelle O. , Naumova Elena N. , Kosinski Karen C. , Kulinkina Alexandra V. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective
In sub-Saharan Africa, 45% of the rural population uses boreholes (BHs). Despite recent gains in improved water access and coverage, parallel use of unimproved sources persists. Periodic infrastructure disrepair contributes to non-exclusive use of BHs. Our study describes functionality of BHs in 2014, 2015, and 2016 in 15 rural towns in the Eastern Region of Ghana sourced from three groundwater quality clusters (high iron, high salinity, and control). We also assess factors affecting cross-sectional and longitudinal functionality using logistic regression.

Results
BH functionality rates ranged between 81 and 87% and were similar across groundwater quality clusters. Of 51 BHs assessed in all three years, 34 (67%) were consistently functional and only 3 (6%) were consistently broken. There was a shift toward proactive payment for water over the course of the study in the control and high-salinity clusters. Payment mechanism, population served, presence of nearby alternative water sources, and groundwater quality cluster were not significant predictors of cross-sectional or longitudinal BH functionality. However, even in the high iron cluster, where water quality is poor and no structured payment mechanism for water exists, BHs are maintained, showing that they are important community resources.
Imaging findings of gastrointestinal tract tumors in children and adolescents
Authors: Özcan H. Nursun , Yavuz Özlem Özkale , Ekinci Saniye , Oguz Berna , Kutluk Tezer , Haliloglu Mithat 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGastrointestinal (GI) tract tumors are rarely seen in children and adolescents, and can easily be misdiagnosed. Lymphoma is the most frequent GI tract tumor, and the common locations are ileum and ileocecal area. GI tract tumors may present as large heterogeneous mass lesions. For gastric and colonic tumors, increased wall thickening usually prompts the diagnosis of GI tract tumors. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging might be used in clinically suspected cases for correct/appropriate diagnosis and management. Awareness as regards the most common tumors and their locations is paramount for radiologists. Likewise, the aim of this article was to define the imaging findings of primary benign and malignant GI tract tumors in children and adolescents.
Imaging findings of malignant skin tumors: radiological–pathological correlation
Authors: Kawaguchi Masaya , Kato Hiroki , Noda Yoshifumi , Kobayashi Kazuhiro , Miyazaki Tatsuhiko , Hyodo Fuminori , Matsuo Masayuki 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSometimes, radiologists encounter malignant skin tumors (MSTs) during image interpretation. As MSTs require different clinical management modalities for each histological subtype, accurate preoperative diagnosis is essential. The histological subtypes of MST can be easily assessed by visual inspection or biopsy. Therefore, the significant role of radiological imaging in MSTs is to evaluate the extent of local invasion, nodal involvement, and distant metastasis, and the histological estimation of MSTs by radiological imaging has not been reported until a few years ago. However, recent studies have revealed characteristic radiological features for differential diagnosis of MSTs, such as configuration, intratumoral homogeneity, signal intensity, cyst formation, and hemorrhage. Other important clinical data for determining the histological subtype of MST include age, gender, and site of occurrence. MSTs can be categorized as epidermal, melanocytic, adnexal, and mesenchymal tumors based on the origin and have distinctive characteristics. Hence, this review article was designed to describe the clinical and radiological features of MSTs.
No carbon shortage in declining trees of the isohydric species Araucaria araucana (Molina) K. Koch under drought
Authors: Jiménez-Castillo Mylthon , Fajardo Alex , Lobos-Catalán Paulina , Torres-Morales Patricio , Piper Frida I. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Key message
At the sixth and seventh years of a drought event in south of Chile, non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) concentrations were similar between healthy and unhealthy trees of Araucaria araucana (Molina) K. Koch, and growth did not decrease, suggesting that leaf loss prevented C shortage in unhealthy trees.

Context
Tree drought resistance and resilience may be impaired by decreasing growth and non-structural carbohydrates (NSC). During a 7-year drought, the isohydric species Araucaria araucana (Araucariaceae) evidenced decline (foliage loss and browning).

Aims
To determine whether tree decline was related to an impaired carbon status and reduced growth.

Methods
In two sites of southern Chile, we selected healthy- and unhealthy-looking trees to study drought effects on NSC and growth. We measured the basal area increment (BAI) and NSC concentrations of needles and roots after 6 years of drought (2016) and following one less severe year in terms of drought (2017).

Results
At both years, healthy and unhealthy trees had similar NSC and sugar concentrations in needle and roots, and furthermore, they maintained their growth rates. In 2017, NSC, starch, and sugar concentrations of needles (but not roots) increased in both healthy and unhealthy trees at one of the study sites, while growth did not vary.

Conclusion
Unhealthy trees likely prevented C shortage through an acclimation mechanism such as foliage loss. The remarkable similar NSC concentrations found between healthy and unhealthy trees indicates the absence of C starvation in trees that lost a substantial fraction of their foliage under drought.
Usefulness of silent magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) for the diagnosis of atherosclerosis of the internal carotid artery siphon in comparison with time-of-flight MRA
Authors: Li Rui , Jin Song , Wu Tao , Zang Xiao , Li Meng , Li Jinfeng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background and purpose
Flow visualization in 3D time-of-flight MRA (3D-TOF MRA) may be limited for internal carotid artery siphon owing to turbulent artifact. The purpose of this study was to compare the usefulness of Silent MRA and 3D-TOF MRA to assess atherosclerosis of the internal carotid artery siphon.

Material and methods
A total of 106 patients with suspected cerebrovascular disease were included. All patients were scanned with Silent MRA and 3D-TOF MRA sequences and also underwent DSA examination. Two observers independently assessed the TOF MRA and Silent MRA images of atherosclerosis of the internal carotid artery siphon. The diagnostic efficacy of two MRA methods in evaluating atherosclerosis of the carotid siphon was performed by using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Interobserver reliability was also assessed using weighted kappa statistics.

Results
Image of Silent MRA sequence had higher subjective evaluation scores and significantly high CNR between the carotid siphon and the background tissues than the image of 3D-TOF MRA sequence (P < 0.05). The AUC was 0.928 (95% CI 0.909–0.986) for Silent MRA, which was significantly higher than that of 3D-TOF MRA (0.671, 95% CI 0.610–0.801, P < 0.05). Silent MRA had high sensitivity, specificity and accuracy than 3D-TOF MRA for visualization of the carotid siphon.

Conclusions
Silent MRA as a new angiographic modality is superior to 3D-TOF MRA for visualization of the carotid siphon, and maybe an alternative to 3D-TOF MRA in the diagnosis of atherosclerosis of the carotid siphon.
Finite element assessment FEA of polymer anti-seismic piling techniques for protection of the underground culture heritage
Authors: Hemeda Sayed 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Alexandria is one of the Mediterranean UNESCO World Heritage sites at risk from coastal flooding and Earthquakes. Nowadays, the safety of archaeological underground structures draws more and more attention. After many catastrophic events, the study of anti-seismic for underground structures has also become an important problem to be solved. Based on the typical underground structure seismic damage phenomenon, this paper summarizes the seismic characteristics, research methods and design methods of underground structures to offer a guide for engineers and conservators, where the polymer anti-seismic piling to protect the underground monumental structures against strong earthquakes is presented and validated in numerical analysis. In this paper, typical damages of archaeological underground structures are firstly presented, followed by the FEM analysis using the PLAXIS 2D code for the seismic response of Catacombs of Kom El-Shoqafa in Alexandria, Egypt with and without the anti-seismic polymer pilling techniques. Results of this work underline the high potential of these low-cost anti seismic technique, confirming the possibility of achieving a significant improvement of the seismic performance of archaeological underground structures by using the low-cost and easy to manufacture it.
Folic acid protects and heals gastric mucosa: role of acid output, inflammatory cytokines, angiogenic and growth factors
Authors: Ajeigbe Kazeem , Aibangbee Keziah , Saeed Sule , Ajeigbe Olakunbi , Onifade Abdufattah 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Folic acid modulates gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders via a number of suggested gastroprotective mechanisms. Gastric acid, inflammation, cell proliferation and angiogenesis play significant role in gastroprotection and restoration of gastrointestinal mucosal integrity following injury. This two-section-study assessed (1) acid output, parietal cell mass, neutrophil infiltration and inflammation after 6 h pyloric ligation, and (2) healing via inflammation, mucosa cell proliferation and angiogenesis in acetic acid induced gastric ulcer in albino Wistar rats upon pre-treatment with Folic acid (FA).

Results
Folic acid significantly lessens the mucosa injury associated with pylorus ligation in a dose-dependent manner. Acid output, parietal cell mass and neutrophil infiltration reduced significantly when compared with the control group. In the acetic acid ulcer group, FA equally reduced ulcer severity (p < 0.05). Moreover, EGFR and Ki-67 were enhanced, while CD31 and Factor VIII were significantly enhanced only on day 10. Also, EGF and VEGF were enhanced, but TNF-α and IL-1β were suppressed in favour of IL-4 and IL-10 dose-dependently in both studies.

Conclusion
These results suggest that folic acid supplementation protects the stomach mucosa with reduced gastric acid and inflammation, and also accelerates the healing of ulcers via enhanced mucosal cell proliferation and angiogenesis.
Characters and structures of the nucleobase–ascorbate transporters (NAT) family genes in Gossypium hirsutum and their roles in responding to salt and drought stresses
Authors: GUO Lixue , ZHAO Lanjie , LU Xuke , CHEN Xiugui , WANG Shuai , WANG Junjuan , WANG Delong , YIN Zujun , CHEN Chao , FAN Yapeng , ZHANG Yuexin , YE Wuwei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Nucleobase–ascorbate transporters (NAT), synonymously called nucleobase–cation symporter 2 (NCS2) proteins, were earlier reported to be involved in plant growth, development and resistance to stress. Previous studies concluded that s a polymorphic SNP associated with NAT12 was significant different between salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive materials of upland cotton. In current study, a comprehensive analysis of NAT family genes was conducted for the first time in cotton.

Results
In this study, we discovered 32, 32, 18, and 16 NAT genes in Gossypium hirsutum, G. barbadense, G. raimondii and G. arboreum, respectively, which were classified into four groups (groups I–IV) based on the multiple sequence analysis. These GhNAT genes were unevenly distributed on At and Dt sub-genome in G. hirsutum. Most GhNAT members in the same group had similar gene structure characteristics and motif composition. The collinearity analysis revealed segmental duplication as well as tandem duplication contributing to the expansion of the GhNATs. The analysis of cis-acting regulatory elements of GhNATs showed that the function of GhNAT genes in cotton might be related to plant hormone and stress response. Under different conditions, the expression levels further suggested the GhNAT family genes were associated with plant response to various abiotic stresses. GhNAT12 was detected in the plasma membrane. And it was validated that the GhNAT12 gene played an important role in regulating cotton resistance to salt and drought stress through the virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) analysis.

Conclusions
A comprehensive analysis of NAT gene family was performed in cotton, including phylogenetic analysis, chromosomal location, collinearity analysis, motifs, gene structure and so on. Our results will further broaden the insight into the evolution and potential functions of NAT genes in cotton. Current findings could make significant contribution towards screening more candidate genes related to biotic and abiotic resistance for the improvement in cotton.
Evolution of treatment in gastric cancer- a systematic review
Authors: Panda Sangram K. , Sahoo Pradyumna K. , Agarwala Sunil K. , Houghton T Tim , Chandrapattan Prathamesh Panchakshari , Sankar K Vikas , Nag Ramkishan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMultimodality is the standard of care in gastric cancer but surgery remains the mainstay of curative treatment. As we are heading towards a more conservative approach for functional preservation without compromising oncological outcomes in all malignancies, the guidelines keeps changing based on various studies.The extent of surgery used to vary between the east and west, with the east performing more radical surgery and the west more reliant on multimodality therapy. This practice has been changing in the recent times.In this article we have reviewed how the treatment protocols of gastric cancer has evolved and modified, highlighting the practice changing trials.