bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proteomic and metabonomic analysis uncovering Enterovirus A71 reprogramming host cell metabolic pathway
Authors: Shi Huichun , Liu Siyuan , Tan Zhimi , Yin Lin , Zeng Liyan , Liu Tiefu , Zhang Shuye , Zhang Lijun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEnterovirus A71 (EV71) infection can cause hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) and severe neurological complications in children. However, the biological processes regulated by EV71 remain poorly understood. Herein, proteomics and metabonomics studies were conducted to uncover the mechanism of EV71 infection in rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells and identify potential drug targets. Differential expressed proteins from enriched membrane were analyzed by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)‐based proteomics technology. Twenty‐six differential proteins with 1.5‐fold (p < 0.05) change were detected, including 14 upregulated proteins and 12 downregulated proteins. The upregulated proteins are mainly involved in metabolic process, especially in the glycolysis pathway. Alpha‐enolase (ENO1) protein was found to increase with temporal dependence following EV71 infection. The targeted metabolomics analysis revealed that glucose absorption and glycolysis metabolites were increased after EV71 infection. The glycolysis pathway was inhibited by knocking down ENO1 or the use of a glycolysis inhibitor (dichloroacetic acid [DCA]); and we found that EV71 infection was inhibited by depleting ENO1 or using DCA. Our study indicates that EV71 may reprogram glucose metabolism by activating glycolysis, and EV71 infection can be inhibited by interrupting the glycolysis pathway. ENO1 may be a potential target against EV71, and DCA could act as an inhibitor of EV71.
Nonlinear coupling tracking control for underactuated construction lifting robots with load hoisting/lowering under initial input saturations
Authors: Yao Fuxing , Zhang Tian , Yuan Zhe , Wang Yonghao , Chen Lu , Yang Honglei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractUnderactuated construction lifting robots, which have been widely concerned by erudite researchers, always contain load hoisting/lowering motion. When the cable length is utilized as a variable, construction lifting robots produce violent load swing, which affects the construction safety undoubtedly and brings great challenges to the development of the controller. Moreover, most existing controllers may not take into account issues, such as initial input saturations and poor ability to suppress load swing, and they may utilize linearization or approximation. Inspired by these phenomena, a nonlinear coupling tracking controller for underactuated construction lifting robots with load hoisting/lowering under initial input saturations is proposed. With reference to expected trajectories to ensure the smooth operation of the construction lifting robot system, the initial input saturations are considered to make the trolley and cable start stably, respectively; a coupling signal, which contains actuated variables and underactuated variables, is constructed to improve the transient control performance of construction lifting robots. Combined with theoretical derivation, simulation, and experimental verification, the proposed controller achieves superior control performance, which ensures the accurate positionings of the system, and suppresses and eliminates the load swing effectively, so as to ensure the safe construction; the proposed controller admits outstanding robustness with respect to the changes of system parameters and the adverse effects of external disturbances. The proposed controller provides a novel antiswing strategy for construction lifting robots with load hoisting/lowering, which possesses excellent practical significance.
The role of emotion regulation in mental health during the COVID‐19 outbreak: A 10‐wave longitudinal study
Authors: Brenning Katrijn , Waterschoot Joachim , Dieleman Lisa , Morbée Sofie , Vermote Branko , Soenens Bart , Van der Kaap‐Deeder Jolene , van den Bogaard Daphne , Vansteenkiste Maarten 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic elicited a lot of concerns among citizens, thereby potentially compromising their well‐being. This study sought to examine the role of individuals' emotion regulation styles (i.e., emotional dysregulation, emotional suppression, and emotional integration) in handling these concerns and their experiences of well‐being (i.e., satisfaction with life and sleep quality) and ill‐being (i.e., anxiety and depressive symptoms). The study had a unique 10‐wave longitudinal design (N = 986; Mage = 41.28; 76% female) and was conducted during the outbreak of the pandemic in March–May 2020. Multilevel analyses showed, first, that weekly variation in COVID‐19 related concerns related negatively to weekly variation in well‐being and positively to weekly variation in ill‐being. Second, at the between‐person level, emotional dysregulation and suppression related positively to between‐person vulnerability in ill‐being and lower well‐being (across all waves). Third, between‐person differences in emotional dysregulation amplified the strength of the within‐person association between concerns and depressive complaints and lowered life satisfaction. Unexpectedly, integrative emotion regulation amplified the strength of the within‐person association between concerns and anxiety. The discussion focuses on the critical role of emotion regulation in handling the uncertainty elicited by the pandemic and provides directions for further research.
Evaluation of in vitro antibacterial effect of essential oil and some herbal plant extract used against mastitis pathogens
Authors: Arbab Safia , Ullah Hanif , Bano Iqra , Li Ka , Ul Hassan Inam , Wang Weiwei , Qadeer Abdul , Zhang Jiyu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundMastitis in dairy cattle is a highly prevalent infectious disease, caused by various pathogens, mainly Staphylococcu aureus and Escherichia Coli, considerable economic loss worldwide.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro activity of Herbal plants used against S. aureus and E. coli bacteria which are the causative agents of mastitis.MethodsTherefore, in this study we investigate the antimicrobial effect of plant to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity of squaw mint (Mentha pulegium L., Lamiaceae family), catnip (Nepeta cataria L., Lamiaceae), lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L., Lamiaceae), for mastitis treatment. Solutions prepared in fixed oils, against S. aureus and E. coli bacteria which are the main agents of mastitis. Isolation and antibiotic susceptibility analyses of milk samples taken from 100 subclinical mastitis dairy cows were performed. The antibacterial properties of the solutions were analysed by a disk diffusion method.ResultsIn the bacterial isolation, S. aureus was determined 97.7% and E. coli 53.5% positive of cows with mastitis. Antibacterial susceptibility test of the Lemon balm extract and essential oil showed maximum zone of inhibition against S. aureus 30 µl (23 mm), followed by 20 µl (19 mm), E. coli (19 mm) and 10 µl (5–7 mm), of the same extract against the Gram‐positive bacteria. The ethanol extracts show the similar activity against the Gram‐negative bacteria at 30, 20, and 10 µl (18–20 mm). Followed by S. aureus, when the zone areas for the susceptible solutions (Lemon balm, and essential oil) and the control group were compared, determined that there was little difference between for S. aureus and E. coli.ConclusionsThis study hence indicated that in vitro cultured plantlets of lemon balm and peppermint oil can be used as the alternative method for production of mastitis and cheap source its precursor with antimicrobial activities.
Introduction: Research Capacity for Evidence-Informed Policy Making in Africa
Authors: Aiyede E. Remi , Muganda Beatrice 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis chapter describes the context and justification for the book. It discusses the growing recognition and action in advancing evidence-informed public policy making. It introduces the Partnership for African Social and Governance Research (PASGR) as a major intervention in this regard, discusses its intervention in higher education through the introduction of the Doctoral in Public Policy (DPP) programme and Master of Research and Public Policy programme (MRPP) and the need for a textbook that responds to the needs of the programme in 14 African universities. It then describes the content of the various chapters of the book and concludes with their relevance and uses.
From Research to Policy Action: Communicating Research for Public Policy Making
Authors: Aiyede E. Remi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis chapter underscores the importance of engaging policy makers and other stakeholders in the research process. Recognizing that there are two dimensions, the demand and supply sides to the use of evidence in policy making, it discusses the various instruments and platforms for communicating research to make it accessible to a variety of stakeholders.
Leadership, Governance and Public Policy in Africa
Authors: Alidu Seidu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOne of the major challenges confronting public policy in Africa is how to overcome overt and subtle discrimination in the art of governance, economic and social development. The promotion of social diversity and the eradication of exploitation of one group by others remains a major focus. Understanding the political and civil rights of different social classes, as well as their economic, social and cultural rights, provides the basis for this chapter on social diversity, gender, equity and public policy. This chapter examines the discourse on social differences, and how state and society have responded over time to the growing demands for inclusive growth and social justice in development. It shows how evidence from reflective research is contributing to the unfolding paradigm shift towards embracing social diversity and equity with special reference to race, gender, ethnicity and disability, to name a few. This chapter highlights how policy instruments influence the process of income distribution across different social groups; how public policy can be used to advance people’s freedoms across different social groups.
Does the Reader Comprehend the Text Because the Reader Is Able or Because the Text Is Easy?
Authors: Stenner A. Jackson , Stone Mark H. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDoes the reader comprehend the text because the reader is able or because the text is easy? Localizing the cause of comprehension in either the reader or the text is fraught with contradictions. A proposed solution uses a Rasch equation to models comprehension as the difference between a reader measure and text measure. Computing such a difference requires that reader and text are measured on a common scale. Thus, the puzzle is solved by positing a single continuum along which texts and readers can be conjointly ordered. A reader’s comprehension of a text is a function of the difference between reader ability and text readability. This solution forces recognition that generalizations about reader performance can be text independent (reader ability) or text dependent (comprehension). The article explores how reader ability and text readability can be measured on a single continuum, and the implications that this formulation holds for reading theory, the teaching of reading, and the testing of reading.
Measuring Reading Comprehension with the Lexile Framework
Authors: Stenner A. Jackson 
Published: October 2022

AbstractImplicit in the idea of measurement is the concept of objectivity. When we measure the temperature using a thermometer, we assume that the measurement we obtain is not dependent on the conditions of measurement, such as which thermometer we use. Any functioning thermometer should give us the same reading of, for example, 75 °F. If one thermometer measured 40 °, another 250 and a third 150, then the lack of objectivity would invalidate the very idea of accurately measuring temperature.
Detecting new physics as novelty — Complementarity matters
Authors: Jiang Xu-Hui , Juste Aurelio , Li Ying-Ying , Liu Tao 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Novelty detection is a task of machine learning that aims at detecting novel events without a prior knowledge. In particular, its techniques can be applied to detect unexpected signals from new phenomena at colliders. In this paper, we develop an analysis scheme that exploits the complementarity, originally studied in ref. [1], between isolation-based and clustering-based novelty evaluators. This approach can significantly improve the performance and overall applicability of novelty detection at colliders, which we demonstrate using a variety of two dimensional Gaussian samples mimicking collider events. As a further proof of principle, we subsequently apply this scheme to the detection of two significantly different signals at the LHC featuring a $$ t\overline{t}\gamma \gamma $$
t

t
¯

γγ
final state: $$ t\overline{t}h $$
t

t
¯

h
, giving a narrow resonance in the diphoton mass spectrum, and gravity-mediated supersymmetry, resulting in broad distributions at high transverse momentum. Compared to existing dedicated searches at the LHC, the sensitivities for detecting both signals are found to be encouraging.
Torus conformal blocks and Casimir equations in the necklace channel
Authors: Alkalaev Konstantin , Mandrygin Semyon , Pavlov Mikhail 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We consider the conformal block decomposition in arbitrary exchange channels of a two-dimensional conformal field theory on a torus. The channels are described by diagrams built of a closed loop with external legs (a necklace sub-diagram) and trivalent vertices forming trivalent trees attached to the necklace. Then, the n-point torus conformal block in any channel can be obtained by acting with a number of OPE operators on the k-point torus block in the necklace channel at k = 1, …, n. Focusing on the necklace channel, we go to the large-c regime, where the Virasoro algebra truncates to the sl(2, ℝ) subalgebra, and obtain the system of the Casimir equations for the respective k-point global conformal block. In the plane limit, when the torus modular parameter q → 0, we explicitly find the Casimir equations on a plane which define the (k + 2)-point global conformal block in the comb channel. Finally, we formulate the general scheme to find Casimir equations for global torus blocks in arbitrary channels.
Feynman rules for scalar conformal blocks
Authors: Fortin Jean-François , Hoback Sarah , Ma Wen-Jie , Parikh Sarthak , Skiba Witold 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We complete the proof of “Feynman rules” for constructing M-point conformal blocks with external and internal scalars in any topology for arbitrary M in any spacetime dimension by combining the rules for the blocks (based on their Witten diagram interpretation) with the rules for the construction of conformal cross ratios (based on the OPE and “flow diagrams”). The full set of Feynman rules leads to blocks as power series of the hypergeometric type in the conformal cross ratios. We then provide a proof by recursion of the Feynman rules which relies heavily on the first Barnes lemma and the decomposition of the topology of interest in comb structures. Finally, we provide a nine-point example to illustrate the rules.
The Generalized Omega Function and Its Connection with Some Probability Distributions
Authors: Jónás Tamás , Bakouch Hassan S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we present a generator function-based mapping called the generalized omega function. We show that a particular class of exponential functions is the asymptotic generalized omega function class. Owing to this property of the new function, it can be utilized for constructing bounded alternatives to cumulative distribution functions and density functions of some well-known random variables, including the Weibull, exponential and standard normal.
Glyoxalase I activity affects Arabidopsis sensitivity to ammonium nutrition
Authors: Borysiuk Klaudia , Ostaszewska-Bugajska Monika , Kryzheuskaya Katsiaryna , Gardeström Per , Szal Bożena 
Published: October 2022

AbstractKey messageElevated methylglyoxal levels contribute to ammonium-induced growth disorders inArabidopsis thaliana. Methylglyoxal detoxification pathway limitation, mainly the glyoxalase I activity, leads to enhanced sensitivity of plants to ammonium nutrition.AbstractAmmonium applied to plants as the exclusive source of nitrogen often triggers multiple phenotypic effects, with severe growth inhibition being the most prominent symptom. Glycolytic flux increase, leading to overproduction of its toxic by-product methylglyoxal (MG), is one of the major metabolic consequences of long-term ammonium nutrition. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of MG metabolism on ammonium-dependent growth restriction inArabidopsis thalianaplants. As the level of MG in plant cells is maintained by the glyoxalase (GLX) system, we analyzed MG-related metabolism in plants with a dysfunctional glyoxalase pathway. We report that MG detoxification, based on glutathione-dependent glyoxalases, is crucial for plants exposed to ammonium nutrition, and its essential role in ammonium sensitivity relays on glyoxalase I (GLXI) activity. Our results indicated that the accumulation of MG-derived advanced glycation end products significantly contributes to the incidence of ammonium toxicity symptoms. UsingA. thaliana frostbite1as a model plant that overcomes growth repression on ammonium, we have shown that its resistance to enhanced MG levels is based on increased GLXI activity and tolerance to elevated MG-derived advanced glycation end-product (MAGE) levels. Furthermore, our results show that glyoxalase pathway activity strongly affects cellular antioxidative systems. Under stress conditions, the disruption of the MG detoxification pathway limits the functioning of antioxidant defense. However, under optimal growth conditions, a defect in the MG detoxification route results in the activation of antioxidative systems.
Assessment of spine length in scoliosis patients using EOS imaging: a validity and reliability study
Authors: Peeters C. M. M. , Bos G. J. F. J. , Kempen D. H. R. , Jutte P. C. , Faber C. , Wapstra F. H. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Knowledge about spinal length and subsequently growth of each individual patient with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) helps with accurate timing of both conservative and surgical treatment. Radiographs taken by a biplanar low-dose X-ray device (EOS) have no divergence in the vertical plane and can provide three-dimensional (3D) measurements. Therefore, this study investigated the criterion validity and reliability of EOS spinal length measurements in AIS patients.

Methods
Prior to routine EOS radiograph, a radiographic calibrated metal beads chain (MBC) was attached on the back of 120 patients with AIS to calibrate the images. Spinal lengths were measured from vertebra to vertebra on EOS anteroposterior (AP), lateral view and on the combined 3D EOS view (EOS 3D). These measurements were compared with MBC length measurements. Secondly, intra- and interobserver reliability of length measurements on EOS-images were determined.

Results
50 patients with accurately positioned MBC were included for analysis. The correlations between EOS and MBC were highest for the 3D length measurements. Compared to EOS 3D measurements, the total spinal length was systematically measured 4.3% (mean difference = 1.97 ± 1.12 cm) and 1.9% (mean difference = 0.86 ± 0.63 cm) smaller on individual EOS two-dimensional (2D) AP and lateral view images, respectively. Both intra- and interobserver reliability were excellent for all length measurements on EOS-images.

Conclusion
The results of this study indicate a good validity and reliability for spinal length measurements on EOS radiographs in AIS patients. EOS 3D length measure method is preferred above spinal length measurements on individual EOS AP or lateral view images.
Clinical outcomes of ankle fractures in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review
Authors: Davies Peter Samuel Edward , Pennington Rachel , Dhadwal Anil Singh , Chokotho Linda , Nyamulani Nohakhelha , Mpanga Chiku , Graham Simon Matthew 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Ankle fractures may cause disability and socioeconomic challenges, even when managed in a high-resource setting. The outcomes of ankle fractures in sub-Saharan Africa are not widely reported. We present a systematic review of the patient-reported outcomes and complications of patients treated for ankle fractures in sub-Saharan Africa.

Methods
Medline, Embase, Google Scholar and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched, utilising MeSH headings and Boolean search strategies. Ten papers were included. Data included patient demographics, surgical and non-surgical management, patient-reported outcome measures and evidence of complications.

Results
A total of 555 patients with ankle fractures were included, 471 of whom were followed up (range 6 weeks–73 months). A heterogenous mix of low-quality observational studies and two methodologically poor-quality randomised trials demonstrated mixed outcomes. A preference for surgical management was found within the published studies with 87% of closed fractures being treated operatively. A total of five different outcome scoring systems were used. Most studies included in this review were published by well-resourced organisations and as such are not representative of the actual clinical practice taking place.

Conclusion
The literature surrounding the clinical outcomes of ankle fractures in sub-Saharan Africa is sparse. There appears to be a preference for surgical fixation in the published literature and considering the limitations in surgical resources across sub-Saharan Africa this may not be representative of real-life care in the region.
Zheng’s anchor suturing technique for safe and cosmetic umbilical incision in transumbilical laparoendoscopic single-site surgeries
Authors: Chen Yu , Zheng Ying , Xu Liu-Feng , Chen Lin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTransumbilical laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (TU-LESS) is a new and evolving surgical method suitable for gynecological diseases, because of its minimal invasion and good cosmetic results. However, since the incision required for this procedure is longer than that for traditional laparoscopy, it may be associated with a higher incidence of postoperative incision complications, such as umbilical hernia, infection, hematoma, and poor wound healing. Moreover, the patient may be left with a misshapen umbilicus because intensive surgery is performed through a single umbilical incision. To minimize the incisional complications and meet patients’ cosmetic expectations, we designed a novel suturing technique, named “Zheng’s anchor suture technique”. This video demonstrates the specific steps and shows photographs of patients’ umbilici that were sutured by this technique, taken after recovery from various operations.
My life with primates
Authors: Reynolds Vernon 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this paper I recall some of the significant moments of my career as a primatologist, including some of the intellectual conflicts I encountered between anthropology, sociology and zoology. From an initial interest in ethics and evolution, I undertook research on rhesus monkeys in captivity and then on chimpanzees in the wild. Influenced by Japanese primatology as well as Western approaches, this led to my work on the problems of describing primate behaviour, but this more theoretical approach was superseded by empirical work embodied in the founding of the Budongo Conservation Field Station. I describe the initial creation of the field station in 1990 and some of the research directions we have followed since that time. The paper ends with a focus on conservation, this being of increasing importance as the Budongo Forest faces ever increasing threats from industry.