bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interpretable recurrent neural network models for dynamic prediction of the extubation failure risk in patients with invasive mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit
Authors: Zeng Zhixuan , Tang Xianming , Liu Yang , He Zhengkun , Gong Xun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Clinical decision of extubation is a challenge in the treatment of patient with invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), since existing extubation protocols are not capable of precisely predicting extubation failure (EF). This study aims to develop and validate interpretable recurrent neural network (RNN) models for dynamically predicting EF risk.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted on IMV patients from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database. Time series with a 4-h resolution were built for all included patients. Two types of RNN models, the long short-term memory (LSTM) and the gated recurrent unit (GRU), were developed. A stepwise logistic regression model was used to select key features for developing light-version RNN models. The RNN models were compared to other five non-temporal machine learning models. The Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) value was applied to explain the influence of the features on model prediction.

Results
Of 8,599 included patients, 2,609 had EF (30.3%). The area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of LSTM and GRU showed no statistical difference on the test set (0.828 vs. 0.829). The light-version RNN models based on the 26 features selected out of a total of 89 features showed comparable performance as their corresponding full-version models. Among the non-temporal models, only the random forest (RF) (AUROC: 0.820) and the extreme gradient boosting (XGB) model (AUROC: 0.823) were comparable to the RNN models, but their calibration was deviated.

Conclusions
The RNN models have excellent predictive performance for predicting EF risk and have potential to become real-time assistant decision-making systems for extubation.
Widespread false gene gains caused by duplication errors in genome assemblies
Authors: Ko Byung June , Lee Chul , Kim Juwan , Rhie Arang , Yoo Dong Ahn , Howe Kerstin , Wood Jonathan , Cho Seoae , Brown Samara , Formenti Giulio , Jarvis Erich D. , Kim Heebal 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
False duplications in genome assemblies lead to false biological conclusions. We quantified false duplications in popularly used previous genome assemblies for platypus, zebra finch, and Anna’s Hummingbird, and their new counterparts of the same species generated by the Vertebrate Genomes Project, of which the Vertebrate Genomes Project pipeline attempted to eliminate false duplications through haplotype phasing and purging. These assemblies are among the first generated by the Vertebrate Genomes Project where there was a prior chromosomal level reference assembly to compare with.

Results
Whole genome alignments revealed that 4 to 16% of the sequences are falsely duplicated in the previous assemblies, impacting hundreds to thousands of genes. These lead to overestimated gene family expansions. The main source of the false duplications is heterotype duplications, where the haplotype sequences were relatively more divergent than other parts of the genome leading the assembly algorithms to classify them as separate genes or genomic regions. A minor source is sequencing errors. Ancient ATP nucleotide binding gene families have a higher prevalence of false duplications compared to other gene families. Although present in a smaller proportion, we observe false duplications remaining in the Vertebrate Genomes Project assemblies that can be identified and purged.

Conclusions
This study highlights the need for more advanced assembly methods that better separate haplotypes and sequence errors, and the need for cautious analyses on gene gains.
Irish farmers’ interactions with regional veterinary laboratories- reasons, results, reactions: a survey
Authors: Kennedy Aideen , Hogan Ian , Froehlich Rebecca , McGettrick Shane , Sánchez-Miguel Cosme , Casey Micheál , Sheehan Maresa 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Animal health surveillance is important in ensuring optimal animal health and welfare. Monitoring of diagnostic submissions, including post-mortem examination of carcasses, at the Department of Agriculture Food and the Marine laboratories, provides the basis for this type of passive surveillance in Ireland. The process requires engagement from veterinarians and farmers from all sectors of the agricultural spectrum. This study aims to identify the reasons why farmers engaged in dairy, beef, sheep, and mixed farming enterprises submit carcasses or not to the Regional Veterinary Laboratories.

Results
Surveys were distributed in hard copy format at Regional Veterinary Laboratories, and fifty Teagasc facilitated farmer discussion groups. There were 1179 responses collected in 54 locations. The top reasons participants submitted to the laboratories were 1) to guide treatment/ vaccination, 2) fear of a contagious disease, and 3) if their veterinarian advised them to. The top reasons for not submitting were 1) the vet making a diagnosis on the farm, 2) the distance from the laboratory, and 3) lack of time and labour. Implementation of vaccination protocols was the main change implemented based on results, followed by management changes and the use of different treatments, e.g., switching from antibiotic to parasite treatment. Sheep enterprises were more likely than dairy to choose distance and cost as a reason not to submit. Dairying enterprises were more likely than other enterprise types to submit if they feared a contagious or zoonotic disease.

Conclusion
Positively, this survey shows the desire of participants to submit to the laboratories to guide treatment and vaccination protocols, potentially indicating that positive engagement between stakeholders and the RVLs will help promote optimal animal health and promote responsible antimicrobial use. Results also show the critical role of veterinarians in continued disease surveillance on farms. Maintaining engagement with all farming sectors will be essential in promoting successful animal health surveillance.
Assessment of long-term climate variability and its impact on the decadal growth of horticultural crops in central India
Authors: Sharma Gaurav , Sharma Amita , Sinha Nishant Kumar , Sharma Om Prakash , Singh Ashutosh , Pandey Ajai Kumar , Kumar Abhishek , Trivedi Sudhir Kumar , Sao Bharti , Sahu Mukesh Kumar 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The impact of climate change on horticultural production is of utmost concern worldwide. One such vulnerable region of horticultural importance is the Madhya Pradesh state in the central part of India. It is crucial to analyse the long-term trend in climatic variations and its effect on horticultural crop production. Therefore, this study focuses on detecting trends in mean annual precipitation and temperature of 115 years for the 15 districts covering all the regions of the state as well as projections of all the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) climatic scenarios for 2050 and 2080 of Madhya Pradesh state. The decadal (2010–2020) insight into the area and production of horticultural crops is undertaken which will help forecasting the future growth trend. For a better insight, case study on four horticultural crops is undertaken to assess their decadal growth trend vis-à-vis climate parameters in these 15 districts.

Results
The Mann–Kendall test for 1901–2016 and Sen’s slope indicated a non-significant change in long-term trend for precipitation except for increasing change in Khargone and decreasing change in Rewa districts. Significant increasing trend of average temperature is obtained for Hoshangabad, Jabalpur, Sagar and Rewa districts. The Sen’s slope indicated an increase of 0.005 to 0.009 °C for maximum temperature and 0.005 to 0.012 °C for minimum temperature annually. The projections of all the RCP climate scenarios for the years 2050 and 2080 indicated non-significant variation in precipitation but an increase in maximum (1.4 to 4.1 °C) and minimum (1.45 to 4.65 °C) annual temperatures. An increasing trend in area and production for horticultural crops is also observed in central India for the study period. There is yield increase in all the crops selected in case study except for potato, which recorded a decreased yield between the years 2010–2015.

Conclusion
The Mann–Kendall test and projections indicate towards climate change with a temperature rise. Though the decadal study indicates an increasing trend in horticultural crops, the districts identified to be affected by climate change need to have a plan to lessen the horticultural loss in the state. This study contributes to understanding the future climate change trends and its impact on horticultural crop production to formulate various adaptation strategies.
Disease-free survival landmark analysis: a potential critical endpoint in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Zheng Fangchao , Wei Tong , Wang Xue , Du Feng , Yue Jian , Yuan Peng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTaxanes plus carboplatin (TP) regimen may be an acceptable alternative adjuvant chemotherapy strategy in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC); however, the difference with the anthracycline-based regimen is yet to be clarified. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the difference between platinum-based and anthracycline-based regimens in prolonging the survival time in TNBC. Using exploratory landmark analysis, we found that the platinum-based TP regimen offers a longer disease-free survival (DFS) than the anthracycline-based regimen in TNBC patients with a DFS of > 4 years.
Granisetron-mediated augmentation of sertraline therapeutic effect in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a double-blind placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial
Authors: Ghobadian Ala , Mokhtari Saba , Shariati Behnam , Kamalzadeh Leila , Shati Mohsen , Eftekhar Ardebili Mehrdad , Yarahmadi Masoomeh , Shalbafan Mohammadreza 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Medications currently recommended for the treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) usually relieve the severity of symptoms by as much as 20–30%, and satisfactory treatment is obtained in 40–60% of patients with OCD. Nevertheless, the remaining symptoms continue to impair the patients’ function. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate possible strategies to improve the mitigation of symptoms. In this study, the main objective was to examine and investigate the effectiveness of granisetron, which is a serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor type 3 (5-HT3) antagonist, as an adjunct therapy to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, for the purpose of ameliorating OCD symptoms.

Methods
fifty-eight patients diagnosed with OCD, based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) criteria, who had a Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale (Y-BOCS) score of more than 21 were recruited in a double-blinded, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of 10 weeks to receive either granisetron (1 mg twice daily) and sertraline (100 mg daily initially followed by 200 mg daily after week 4) or placebo and sertraline. The primary outcome was OCD symptoms measured by the Y-BOCS.

Results
Y-BOCS total score significantly dropped in both groups (28.9 to 17.7 for granisetron plus sertraline and 27.5 to 19.3 for placebo plus sertraline group with a slightly greater drop for granisetron plus sertraline group), while the granisetron plus sertraline group experienced a significantly greater reduction in obsession scores (Greenhouse-Geisser F(2.32,97.57) = 4.52,p-value = 0.01). Moreover, in comparison with the placebo plus sertraline group, the proportion of the patients showing complete response was considerably higher among the granisetron plus sertraline group (P-value < 0.01). No major adverse effects were observed in any of the groups.

Conclusion
The results suggest that granisetron augmentation of sertraline may increase the rate of response in patients with moderate to severe non-refractory OCD. Further studies are suggested in this regard.
Automated corrosion detection in Oddy test coupons using convolutional neural networks
Authors: Long Emily R. , Bone Alayna , Breitung Eric M. , Thickett David , Grau-Bové Josep 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The Oddy test is an accelerated ageing test used to determine whether a material is appropriate for the storage, transport, or display of museum objects. The levels of corrosion seen on coupons of silver, copper, and lead indicate the material’s safety for use. Although the Oddy test is conducted in heritage institutions around the world, it is often critiqued for a lack of repeatability. Determining the level of corrosion is a manual and subjective process, in which outcomes are affected by differences in individuals’ perceptions and practices. This paper proposes that a more objective evaluation can be obtained by utilising a convolutional neural network (CNN) to locate the metal coupons and classify their corrosion levels. Images provided by the Metropolitan Museum of Art (the Met) were labelled for object detection and used to train a CNN. The CNN correctly identified the metal type and corrosion level of 98% of the coupons in a test set of the Met’s images. Images were also collected from the American Institute for Conservation’s Oddy test wiki page. These images suffered from low image quality and were missing the classification information needed to train the CNN. Experts from cultural heritage institutions evaluated the coupons in the images, but there was a high level of disagreement between expert classifications. Therefore, these images were not used to train the CNN. However, the images proved useful in testing the limitations of the CNN trained on the Met’s data when applied to images of coupons from different Oddy test protocols and photo documentation procedures. This paper presents the effectiveness of the CNN trained on the Met’s data to classify Met and non-Met Oddy test coupons. Finally, this paper proposes the next steps needed to produce a universal CNN-based classification tool.

Graphic Abstract
Association between COVID-19 testing uptake and mental disorders among adults in US post-secondary education, 2020–2021
Authors: Zhai Yusen , Du Xue 
Published: September 2022

Summary
Fear and uncertainty have worsened mental health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19 testing is essential yet underutilised, and many people may experience difficulties accessing testing if the US federal government fails to sustain the testing capacity. To date, limited evidence exists about the role of COVID-19 testing in mental health. We examined the associations of COVID-19 testing uptake with certain mental disorders, through a nationally representative cohort of adults in US post-secondary education (N = 65 360). Adults with test-confirmed COVID-19 were at significantly lower risk than those with unconfirmed COVID-19 for severe depression, severe anxiety, eating disorders, and suicidal ideation. Findings suggest another potential benefit of public health efforts to encourage COVID-19 testing, namely promoting mental health.
Dissipative cooling towards phantom Bethe states in boundary-driven XXZ spin chain
Authors: Popkov Vladislav , Salerno Mario 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A dissipative method that allows to access the family of phantom Bethe states (PBS) of boundary-driven XXZ spin chains is introduced. The method consists in coupling the ends of the open spin chain to suitable dissipative magnetic baths to force the edge spins to satisfy specific boundary conditions necessary for the PBS existence. Cumulative monotonous depopulation of the non-chiral components of the density matrix with growing dissipation amplitude is analogous to the depopulation of high-energy states in response to thermal cooling. Compared to generic states, PBS have strong chirality, non-trivial topology and carry high spin currents.
Morphometric study of acetabular depth and coverage and their clinical importance
Authors: Khaliq Saneed , Qamar Aisha , Khokhar Samia Khalid , Naseer Hammal 
Published: September 2022

Objectives: To measure acetabular parameters and to compare parameters of acetabulum between men and women, and right and left sides.
Methods: The study was conducted in PNS Shifa Hospital, Karachi from January to June 2021. Anteroposterior radiographs of both hips of 70 adults aged 20-70 years were included. The study consisted of 35 men and an equal number of women. We measured acetabular depth, femoral head coverage, acetabular inclination and acetabular depth and width. The acetabular depth was measured using Wiberg’s central edge (CE) angle and Sharp angle techniques. Femoral head coverage was determined using measurements between medial edge of hip joint space, lateral edge of acetabulum and femoral head. To determine acetabular inclination, Tönnis angle was measured. Acetabular depth & width ratio (ADR) was evaluated by dividing acetabular width by depth, and multiplying by 100.
Results: There was significant increase in Sharp angle and Tonnis angle in females on the left side as compared to males. Wiberg’s central edge angle and acetabular width to depth ratio showed insignificant increase in males as compared to females, whereas values of femoral head coverage were insignificantly more in women.
Conclusion: The acetabular parameters were insignificantly different in gender and between right and left sides, although mean values were within normal range. The larger ADR ratio in men was most likely due to increased body weight in them as compared to women.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.5915
How to cite this:Khaliq S, Qamar A, Khokhar SK, Naseer H. Morphometric study of acetabular depth and coverage and their clinical importance. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(8):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.5915
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Design And Development of a Remote Monitoring Agent For Energy Service Companies In The Telecommunication Industry
Authors: Oluwaleye Sunkanmi , Idachaba Francis 
Published: September 2022

Background: Energy Service Companies (ESCOs) for telecommunication sites operate by providing reliable power supply at 100% uptime and billing the mobile operators accommodated on their sites for power usage. To achieve this, there is a need for them to accurately meter the power consumed by connected telecommunication equipment. Method: This work focused on the design and implementation of a remote monitoring agent (RMA) that will pool both power and environmental data from a telecommunication site. The data pool can be presented as real-time data on the RMA’s webpage, it can be downloaded as historical data, and it can be sent to a remote cloud server at regular intervals. The RMA collects both power and environmental data over an RS485 Modbus network and I2C bus respectively. An alternating current (AC) energy meter and a direct current (DC) energy meter were used to harvest the energy data while the environmental data were harvested using a developed Input/Output controller board based on an Atmega328P microcontroller. Raspberry pi was used as the master controller and Node.js was used to build the application running on the master controller. Result: The result showed how both power and environmental data can be harvested from a telecommunication site and locally presented on the web dashboard for real-time monitoring of the site power system. The data could be saved locally on the RMA and downloaded for future use. Conclusion: The implementation of this work provided a prototype of the remote monitoring agent (RMA) that can be deployed by Energy Service Companies (ESCOs) in the telecommunication industry to monitor the usage of the power systems on a cell site.
When educators are locked down: transitioning an international faculty development program from in-person to online during the COVID-19 pandemic in China
Authors: Lio Jonathan , Fromme H. Barrett , Dong Hongmei , Jiang Ivy , Sherer Renslow 
Published: September 2022

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic forced international faculty development programs in medical education to forgo in-person activities and transition to online learning. We sought to examine changes in Chinese medical educators’ evaluations of our faculty development program as it transitioned from in-person intensive to online longitudinal due to the pandemic. Methods: A 30-item program evaluation and self-assessment of curriculum development and teaching skills was sent to our 2020 cohort. Results were compared to our 2019 cohort. We analyzed data using t-tests to compare means and chi-square test for categorical variables. Results: We found that trainees in both cohorts rated the program highly with regard to overall program quality and self-assessed learning outcomes. Comparison of cohorts also showed similar growth in pre- and post-training assessment. However, the 2020 cohort rated their relationships with instructors and peers less strongly than the 2019 cohort. Conclusions: Despite the rapid transition to online learning due to social distancing measures, trainees were as confident in the skills they learned as the prior in-person participants. Time zone differences placed additional restrictions on the implementation of the training program, which affected the amount of face-to-face interaction time available.