bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors of myocardial injury in liver cirrhosis associated esophagogastric variceal bleeding
Authors: Liu Bihan , Li Qi , Ding Huiguo , Wang Shanshan , Pang Lifang , Li Lei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background and aim: Myocardial injury in liver cirrhosis associated esophagogastric variceal bleeding (EGVB) is a serious complication of liver cirrhosis, which burdens the disease. However, few studies have investigated this field. Here, we aimed to investigate risk factors for myocardial injury in liver cirrhosis associated EGVB.
Methods: 249 patients with liver cirrhosis associated EGVB were included in this retrospective cohort study. We divided these patients into liver cirrhosis associated EGVB with myocardial injury group and non-myocardial injury group. Clinical data from all the patients in the Department of Emergency at our hospital were collected and analyzed.
Results: 90 (36.2%) patients were diagnosed with combined myocardial injury, and 159 (63.8%) patients without myocardial injury in this study. Compared with non-myocardial injury group, more patients in myocardial injury group smoked, had moderate or severe esophageal varices, liver failure and liver function of Child-pugh C. Patients with myocardial injury had significantly higher level of ALT, AST, total bilirubin, INR and PT than those without myocardical injury. The 6-week mortality rate was 21% in myocardial injury group, which was markedly higher than 7% in the non-myocardial injury group. Liver failure, degree of esophageal varices and mean arterial pressure were independent risk factors for myocardial injury in liver cirrhosis associated with EGVB.
Conclusion: Patients with myocardial injury in liver cirrhosis associated EGVB have a significantly higher mortality rate than those without myocardial injury. Liver failure, degree of esophageal varices and mean arterial pressure are independent risk factors for myocardial injury in liver cirrhosis associated EGVB.
Super-Apollonian circles and lattices of Gaussian integers
Authors: Fleury Marc , Hannachi Nicolas 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We study the circles of the Apollonian band circle super-packing, which are also the images of the real projective line by all linear fractional transformations of the group PLS (2 ,Z [ i ]) . This super-packing takes place on the torus rather than on the plane. We focus first on the connection between these circles and lattices in the ring of Gaussian integers. Then we explore the group structure of the set of such circles with given curvature. The end of this paper is more geometrically-minded and describes first a test to determine whether a Gaussian circle is Apollonian or not, then a process which yields quickly all Gaussian circles with curvature smaller than a given integer. We develop algorithms for each of the computational problems we encounter.
MSC Classification: 11E25 , 11G99 , 20K01 , 52C26
Newly Identified A-type Granite in Western Yangtze Block and Its Geochemistry Characteristics
Authors: Mabi Awei , Li Yanlong , Zhang Mingchun , Yang Zhengxi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Numerous Neoproterozoic granitic intrusions occur over a north-south distance of more than 700 km in western Yangtze Block. In this paper, we newly identified Shimian granitic pluton as A-type granite which was previously considered as S-type granite in the region, with presenting its zircon U-Pb age, Lu-Hf isotopic and whole-rock geochemical data. The selected fresh samples for this study are mainly porphyritic biotite monzogranites. They are weak peraluminous, A2-subtype granites, displaying high contents of SiO2 and K2O, low Cao and Na2O with the characteristics of high silica, rich potassium, and low sodium. They are enriched in incompatible trace elements, but low in trace elements compatible in mafic silicates and feldspars, and chemically characterized by having high REE and Ga abundances and low Al, Ni, Ba, Sr, and Eu abundances. The major and trace element behavior suggests that the granites are formed by advanced fractional crystallization. Zircon U-Pb age shows the Shimian granitic pluton was emplaced at 728 ± 20 Ma. The studied granites yield an average 176Hf/177Hf value of 0.282363 (εHf = 0.8) with a 94% confidence interval of 0.282334 to 0.282384 (εHf = -0.1 to 1.7), indicating that they are derived from remelting of juvenile continental crust. We suggest that this newly identified A-type granite at Shimian, southwestern China was more plausibly generated in an extensional setting as a result of slab window caused by a ridge subduction, which can account not only for the formation of voluminous granitoids, but also for the basalts, boninitic pillow lavas, and SSZ-type ophiolites in western Yangtze Block.
Investigation of Boron Addition to Dried Alfalfa In Vitro Ruminal Profile and Potential for Reducing Enteric Methane Emission
Authors: Yıldız Gültekin , AYDIN ÖZLEM DURNA , Toygar Ufuk 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The aim of our study is to investigate the effects of increasing doses of boron on methane gas production amounts, short chain fatty acids level, protozoa number and organic matter digestibility in vitro with HFT (Hohenheim Futterwert Test) technique. In vitro incubation was performed in the Hohenheim Gas test method at 39°C for 24 hours in the study. Dried alfalfa was used as substrate for fermentation. Increasing doses of boron were used on fresh rumen fluid, buffer solution and dried alfalfa. In the study, 54 syringes were used for a total of 6 groups, including 1 control and 5 trial ( B1: 25 ppm boric acid, B2: 50 ppm boric acid, B3: 100 ppm boric acid, B4: 200 ppm boric acid, B4: 500 ppm boric acid). The measurement of methane gas at 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24th hours of boric acid addition at increasing doses was found to be significant the difference between the groups at each hour under in vitro rumen conditions. When we look at the effect of the dose; Increasing doses appear to reduce methane production for each measured hour. The difference between the measured hours (except the 24th hour) of each group was not significant. However, the difference between the groups was found to be significant in the methane measurement made only for the 24th hour. At the 24th hour of fermentation under in vitro rumen condition, acetic acid and total short chain fatty acid values were linearly and cubically affected. With increasing doses of boron, propionic acid, isobutyric acid, butyric acid and valeric acid values were linearly affected The total number of protozoa was not affected by the addition of increasing doses of boron at the 24th hour of fermentation under in vitro rumen conditions. Consequently, the addition of boric acid at increasing doses in in vitro rumen conditions decreased methane production and positively affected the amount of some short-chain fatty acids, organic matter digestibility and total short chain fatty acids. In the light of these findings, it was emphasized that boron has the potential to reduce methane emissions from ruminant animals, considering the greenhouse gas effect.
In-vitro gas production kinetics and methane emission potential of selected indigenous legume fodder tree and shrubs in the semi-humid condition of the southern Ethiopia
Authors: mihiretu getchew abraham , Kechero Yisehak , Andualem Dereje 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the in-vitro gas production characteristics and methane emission potential of the indigenous legume fodder tree and shrub (ILFTS). The most common 11 ILFTS species were selected and the leaves, fruit and pod samples were collected, oven dried and ground for experimental analysis. The potential leaf biomass yield was estimated by measuring the stem diameter. The contents of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), ether extract (EE), crude protein (CP), acid detergent lignin (ADL), Ash, total phenolic (TP) and condensed tannin (CT) were analyzed. The Gross energy (GE), digestible crude protein (DCP), digestible energy (DE), total digestible nutrient (TDN), digestible carbohydrate (DCHO), digestible crude fat (DCF) and metabolizable energy (ME) were estimated. In-vitro gas production technique was used to determine the gas production characteristics and methane emission potential of the ILFTS. Metabolizable energy (ME, MJ /Kg DM), organic matter digestibility (OMD) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA, µmol) were calculated using the values of proximate analysis and gas volume. The study indicated a wide variation in the nutritional value parameters among the ILFTS species. The potential leaf biomass yield, nutritive quality, gas volume, gas production characteristics and methane emission potential, OMD, ME, and SCFA revealed significant variation with species and agroecological zones. Moreover, GE, TDN, DE, TP and CT showed negative correlation with the gas volume unlike methane which showed positive correlation. In general, the gas volume, gas production characteristics and methane emission of the ILFTS species depends on their chemical and cell wall composition. Thus among the ILFTS species examined Acacia hocki leaf and Acacia tortilis pod in the lowland excelled in their nutritional quality for feeding ruminants however the midland species had comparable qualities.
Tissue distribution and correlations of heavy metals in wild birds from Southern Turkey: an ecologically important region on the west Palearctic migration route
Authors: Yipel Mustafa , TEKELİ İbrahim Ozan , İŞLER Cafer Tayer , ALTUĞ Muhammed Enes 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate concentrations of environmentally relevant heavy metals (As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Pb, Zn) in feathers, muscle, heart, kidney, and liver tissues of wild birds (golden eagle [Aquila chrysaetos], sparrowhawk [Accipiter nisus], and white stork [Ciconia ciconia]) from Hatay province, southern Turkey. Fe had the highest mean concentration, while Hg had the lowest mean concentration in all bird species and tissues. Compared to the literature Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn concentrations were lower; Cd, Fe, and Mn concentrations were higher. The highest mean concentrations (mg kg− 1) or accumulation levels in essential metals were 16.45 for Cu in feathers, 350.50 for Fe in kidney, 11.43 for Mn in kidney, 17.87 for Zn in muscle. The concentrations of non-essential metals were 1.66 for As in feathers, 1.13 for Cd in kidneys, 0.10 for Hg in muscle, and 2.50 for Pb in feather. The correlations between essential and non-essential metals were positively significant except for: As and Se; Cd and Cr, Mn, Se, Zn; Hg and Cr, Mn, Se; Ni and Se, Zn; Pb and Se. Monitoring contaminants in bioindicator wild animals (terrestrial and aquatic species) is an important technique for assessing and maintaining environmental health.
ELF5 promotes non-small cell lung cancer cell proliferation through regulating the expression of APC2
Authors: Wen Jing , Qin Genggeng , Jiang Zhaojing , Lin Zixun , Zhou Ruixin , Wen Chanjuan , Cui Zhong-Kai , Chen Weiguo , Song Qiancheng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
ELF5 is known to regulate the specification and differentiation of epithelial cells in the embryonic lung. However, the pathological function of ELF5 in lung cancer remains elusive. In the present study, ELF5 expression was found to be significantly higher in lung adenocarcinoma than that in corresponding adjacent normal tissues. We performed cell and animal experiments to investigate the role of ELF5 in lung adenocarcinoma cells. The results indicated that the overexpression of ELF5 increased the proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma cells, on the contrary, the reduction of ELF5 decreased the proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma cells. Mechanistically, we advance ELF5 promoted lung cancer cell proliferation through inhibiting APC2 and increased Cyclin D1 expression which is a critical downstream target of Wnt pathway. Taken together, these findings supported that ELF5 plays an essential role in the proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma cells and may act as a candidate of therapeutic target to treat lung adenocarcinoma.
Correlation of Tibial Torsion With Hamstring Tightness and Waist Hip Ratio in Young Overweight Adults
Authors: Metgud Santosh , D'Silva Pamela , Babar Gargi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Hamstring is the two joint muscles originating from the ischium and inserting on the tibia and fibula and skeletal structures are connected with the myokinetic chains in the body, change in the length of muscle fibers might lead to alteration in the biomechanics of the skeletal structures and might alter tibial torsion. On the other hand, increase in the obesity also imposes stress on the body structures which might lead to change in the kinematics of the joint. Study also aims to find correlation between hamstring tightness, waist hip ratio with tibial torsion.
Method: This was an observational study, including 125 participants aged between 18 to 21 having internal or external tibial torsion and BMI between 23 to 29.9. The participants were evaluated for the hamstring tightness and waist hip ratio.
Results: Study found significant correlation at 5% level with linear association between internal tibial torsion and hamstring tightness for both right and left side (p<0.001) and significant correlation between external tibial torsion and hamstring tightness for both right and left side (p<0.001). But results did not show significant correlation between tibial torsion and waist hip ratio.
Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between both internal and external tibial torsion with hamstring tightness concluding that tightness of the hamstring might lead to tibial torsion while on the other hand there is no correlation between waist hip ratio and tibial torsion which shows alteration in the waist hip ratio does not affect on the torsion of the tibia.
A Hospital Based Study of Attitude Toward the Concept of Brain Death and Organ Donation in Turkey
Authors: Hanoğlu Mine , Yulug Burak , Hanoglu Lutfu , Velioglu Halil Aziz , Tokac Mahmut 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground Brain death in Turkey was defined as death and was accepted by official and religious authorities in a relatively early period without sufficient discussion and social consensus. Thus, there is considerable distrust and hesitation about the concept of brain death and related organ donation in Turkish society. We created a sample story in which the concept will be clearly understood in detail. Herein, we targeted healthcare workers and evaluated their attitudes towars brain death. Moreover, we assessed the effects of race, religiousness, and political conservatism parameters on their attitude. Methods A total of 491 participants aged 18–70 hospital workers were included to this study in different fields. The participants were asked to answer the evaluation questions about their demographic characteristics and conservative and religious attitudes. Finally, they were evaluated with an example story about brain death that was clearly understood in detail, the participants were asked to answer the questions on a 5-point Likert scale. Results We observed that 49.6% of the answers showed a positive attitude before the explanatory story. Furthermore, we observed that a higher education level is the most determining factor for positive attitudes. When the concept of death is explained within the framework of a story, only 32.1% of respondents approved of donating their organs. However, if the person consents to donate their organs with their own decision, this rate increased to 75.2% with a high rate of agreement. If the person is a close relative with a positive request for donation, the approval rate of the donation was 63.4%. We also determined that a positive attitude towards organ donation was inversely correlated with a higher education level and religiosity. Conclusion There is considerable resistance in society to consider this as a biological death, although it is recognized both by medical and religious authorities as legal. Higher education and a liberal world perspective have a positive effect on attitude, while religious belief has a negative effect. Even when the brain death concept is clearly explained and the candidate donor has a positive view of brain death and organ donation, this obstacle can be overcome to a certain degree approaching rates reported in Western countries.
Hepatic venous pressure gradient after balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration and liver stiff measurement predict the prognosis of the patients with gastric varices
Authors: Shirane Yuki , Murakami Eisuke , Imamura Michio , Kosaka Masanari , Johira Yusuke , Miura Ryoichi , Murakami Serami , Yano Shigeki , Amioka Kei , Naruto Kensuke , Ando Yuwa , Uchikawa Shinsuke , Teraoka Yuji , Uchida Takuro , Fujino Hatsue , Ono Atsushi , Nakahara Takashi , Kawaoka Tomokazu , Miki Daiki , Yamauchi Masami , Okamoto Wataru , Tsuge Masataka , Chosa Keigo , Awai Kazuo , Aikata Hiroshi , Oka Shiro 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (B-RTO) is a treatment option for patients with gastric varices (GVs). This study aimed to clarify the clinical significance of portal hypertension estimated by the hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG), subsequent exacerbation of esophageal varices (EVs), and prognosis of patients who underwent B-RTO for GVs.
Methods
Thirty-six patients with GVs treated with B-RTO were enrolled in this study, and their HVPG was measured before (pre-HVPG) and on the day after B-RTO (post-HVPG). After B-RTO, patients were followed-up for median 24.5 (3–140) months. Clinical factors related to EV exacerbation and prognosis after B-RTO were retrospectively analyzed.
Results
Post-HVPG increased from pre-HVPG in 21 out of 36 patients (58%), and overall post-HVPG was significant higher compared to pre-HVPG (P = 0.009). During the observation period, EV exacerbation was developed in 19 patients (53%), and the cumulative EV exacerbation rates at 1, 3, and 5 years after B-RTO were 27%, 67%, and 73%, respectively. Pre-HVPG was not correlated to EV exacerbation, but elevated post-HVPG of ≥ 13 mmHg (P < 0.01) and high level of serum aspartate aminotransferase (P < 0.05) were significant independent risk factors for EV exacerbation after B-RTO. Fourteen patients (38.9%) died during the observation period. Elevated liver stiffness measurement (LSM) of ≥ 21 kPa was the significant independent risk factor for poor prognosis after B-RTO (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
HVPG increases after B-RTO. HVPG after B-RTO predicts subsequent EV exacerbations more perceptively than HVPG before B-RTO. LSM is a potential prognostic parameter for patients who underwent B-RTO.
An investigation into arsenic speciation in a wetland impacted by acid mine drainage
Authors: Chetty Shaeen , Humphries Marc S , Blümlein Katharina , Pillay Letitia 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

The formation of acid mine drainage (AMD) and release of toxic contaminants, such as arsenic (As), is a serious environmental problem encountered worldwide. In this study, we investigate the crucial role the Klip River wetland system plays in attenuating As arising from gold mining activities within the Witwatersrand Basin in Johannesburg, South Africa. Mining operations in the region commenced over 130 years ago and have been associated with the widespread pollution of water resources by AMD. We investigated As concentrations, bioavailability and speciation in a peat core from the Klip River wetland as well as in samples from the main tributaries and tailing storage facilities (TSFs) in the upper catchment. Total As concentrations in tributary and TSFs samples ranged between 10.1 – 89.9 mg kg-1 and 77.4 – 106 mg kg-1, respectively, with concentrations in the wetland varying between 1.91 – 73.8 mg kg-1. In general, As bioavailability was low in both catchment (19%) and wetland (4%) samples, with elemental associations suggesting the majority is bound in an immobile form to organic matter and sulfide. As(v) was the predominant species detected in all samples (0.0901 – 16.6 mg kg-1), with As(iii), MMA and DMA present in lower concentrations. Strong correlations between As and S suggest that speciation and methylation are dependent on both chemical and microbial activity. The study highlights the vital role that wetlands can play in sequestering As in the environment.
Immunity Reaction by Chemotherapy Drug With DNP or penicillin Intratumoral Injection in Mice Bearing Tumor
Authors: Baofa Yu , Zhang Jian , Fu Qiang , Han Yan , Zheng Guoqin , Gao Feng , Jing Peng , Zhang Peicheng , Zhou Shengjun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Aim
To observe the abscopal effect related to immunity reactions induced by an intratumoral injection of a chemotherapy drug with DNP or penicillin.
Methods
The C57BL/6 mice melanoma injected by a difference drug with DNP or penicillin and dissected for qPCR assay of expression of immune genes.
Results
It showed that hapten combine drug induced inflammation for expression of the Colla1, CD4, IL12aÂ, TGFb1Â, Elastin, NFKB, Cox2, CD11b/c, CD8, TNFaÂ was detected at day1,4 and 7. The different drug and hapten induced a similarity expression of these genes. Both DNP or penicillin with the drugs of Adr, BLM or PYM, can induce the immunity reaction in tumor of mice. This difference may be attributed to the drug of Adr, BLM or PYM combined with DNP or penicillin. The combination plays a strong partnership in the haptenation with tumor antigens released from tumor cell damaged by Adr, BLM or PYM, and penicillin as hapten is reported in to stimulate haptenation. The results are a good indication an example of what to use for a generic drug as a new indication of cancer treatment.
Discussion
Use of drugs with DNP or penicillin can induce strong immunity expression of CD4, IL12aÂ, CD11b/c, CD8 and TNFaÂ. It is the most important of CD11b/c expression in acute inflammation for APC in tumor immunity while the drugs was killing the tumor to cut down of tumor load, bring their immunity to be relatively strong in against the remaindering of tumor cells which related abscopal effect.