bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Symbolic Boundary Work among Syrian Refugees: Perceived Stigmas, Responses, and Cultural Repertoires
Authors: Çelik Çetin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
While the Turkish public initially welcomed Syrian refugees, signs of hardening boundaries have emerged over time. This study, based on in-depth interviews with Syrian refugees in Istanbul, examines their perceptions of symbolic boundaries drawn against them by the majority Turkish society and their responses. The Syrian refugees in this study perceive three main stigmas: “uncultured,” “traitor,” and “freeloader.” They respond to these stigmas situationally by assuming individual responsibility, managing their self-presentation, and sometimes choosing not to respond. They also engage in discursive boundary drawing, emphasizing a strong work ethic as a defining characteristic of their group compared to Turkish workers. I argue that the historical cultural repertoire of anti-Arabism inherent in the conception of Turkish nationhood feed these stigmas, especially in the context of the current economic crisis and political polarization. Meanwhile, the precarious position and fragile status of Syrian refugees constrain their situational responses. Their moral boundary work helps them reassert their dignity and legitimize their presence, but it also hinders potential solidarity with Turkish workers against a governing strategy that systematically exploits both groups.
A long arm of adversity? Financial hardship during the life course and income in retirement
Authors: Riekhoff Aart-Jan , Kuitto Kati , Möhring Katja , Palomäki Liisa-Maria 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study investigates whether and when financial hardship during the life course is related to pension income levels in 27 European countries and whether relations between hardship and pension income differ across gender and welfare regimes. Data from the Survey for Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) are used, combining retrospective information on respondents' experienced financial hardship and their current pension income (N = 38,574). We apply two-part regression models with country-fixed effects to estimate the associations of pension income with hardship that starts in one's youth (age &lt; 20), the transition to adulthood (age 20-29), mid-career (age 30-44) and late career (age &gt; 44), as well as with the duration of hardship. The results show that financial hardship during the life course does not always have negative consequences for income in old age. We find positive associations of pension income with financial hardship in youth (among men) and in early adulthood (among women). These results suggest that short spells of financial hardship are often related to crucial life-course transitions that allow subsequent career development and pension accrual. In contrast, financial hardship in late career is negatively associated with pension income, especially among men in Continental and Southern European countries.
Whose Gender Ideology Matters? A Dyadic Analysis of Gender Ideology and Housework Time in the United Kingdom
Authors: Wang Senhu , Hu Yang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Research on gender ideology and housework tends to treat gender ideology as an individual characteristic but has paid less attention to the interactional process in which both spouses' gender ideologies jointly shape their housework time. Analysing longitudinal dyadic data from the United Kingdom (1993–2020) using the actor-partner interdependence model, we examine the relationship between both spouses' gender ideologies and their housework time and how the relationship varies with the spouses' relative income. The results show that traditional gender ideology is associated with longer housework time for wives but shorter housework time for husbands. While wives' gender ideologies are more closely associated with their own housework time, husbands' ideologies are more closely associated with their wives' housework time. Moreover, compared with the husband's housework time, the wife's housework time is more susceptible to both spouses' ideologies, especially when both spouses align in traditional ideology and when the husband's relative income is high. Our findings highlight the value of a relational perspective and provide new insights into how interactional dimensions of gender ideology intersect with relative resources to shape spouses' gendered housework time in different-sex couples.
Temporal variability of brain–behavior relationships in fine-scale dynamics of edge time series
Authors: Cutts Sarah A. , Chumin Evgeny J. , Betzel Richard F. , Sporns Olaf 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Most work on functional connectivity (FC) in neuroimaging data prefers longer scan sessions or greater subject count to improve reliability of brain–behavior relationships or predictive models. Here, we investigate whether systematically isolating moments in time can improve brain–behavior relationships and outperform full scan data. We assess how behavioral relationships vary over time points that are less visible in full FC based on co-fluctuation amplitude. Additionally, we perform optimizations using a temporal filtering strategy to identify time points that improve brain–behavior relationships. Analyses were performed on resting-state fMRI data of 352 healthy subjects from the Human Connectome Project and across 58 different behavioral measures. Templates were created to select time points with similar patterns of brain activity and optimized for each behavior to maximize brain–behavior relationships from reconstructed functional networks. With 10% of scan data, optimized templates of select behavioral measures achieved greater strength of brain–behavior correlations and greater transfer of behavioral associations between groups of subjects than full FC across multiple cross-validation splits of the dataset. Therefore, selectively filtering time points may allow for development of more targeted FC analyses and increased understanding of how specific moments in time contribute to behavioral prediction.
Arterial spin labelling perfusion MRI analysis for the Human Connectome Project Lifespan Ageing and Development studies
Authors: Kirk Thomas F. , McConnell Flora A. Kennedy , Toner Jack , Craig Martin S. , Carone Davide , Li Xiufeng , Suzuki Yuriko , Coalson Timothy S. , Harms Michael P. , Glasser Matthew F. , Chappell Michael A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Human Connectome Project Lifespan studies cover the development (5–21) and ageing (36–100+) phases of life. Arterial spin labelling (ASL) was included in the imaging protocol, resulting in one of the largest datasets collected to date of high spatial resolution multiple delay ASL covering 3,000 subjects. The human connectome project (HCP)-ASL minimal processing pipeline was developed specifically for this dataset to pre-process the image data and produce perfusion estimates in both volumetric and surface template space, though quality control is not performed. Applied to the whole dataset, the outputs of the pipeline revealed significant and expected differences in perfusion between the development and ageing cohorts. Visual inspection of the group average surface maps showed that cortical perfusion often followed cortical areal boundaries, suggesting differential regulation of cerebral perfusion within brain areas at rest. Group average maps of arterial transit time also showed differential transit times in core and watershed areas of the cerebral cortex, which are useful for interpreting haemodynamics of functional MRI images. The pre-processed dataset will provide a valuable resource for understanding haemodynamics across the human lifespan.
Identifying and characterizing scene representations relevant for categorization behavior
Authors: Singer Johannes J.D. , Karapetian Agnessa , Hebart Martin N. , Cichy Radoslaw M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Scene recognition is a core sensory capacity that enables humans to adaptively interact with their environment. Despite substantial progress in the understanding of the neural representations underlying scene recognition, the relevance of these representations for behavior given varying task demands remains unknown. To address this, we aimed to identify behaviorally relevant scene representations, to characterize them in terms of their underlying visual features, and to reveal how they vary across different tasks. We recorded fMRI data while human participants viewed scenes and linked brain responses to behavior in three tasks acquired in separate sessions: man-made/natural categorization, basic-level categorization, and fixation color discrimination. We found correlations between categorization response times and scene-specific brain responses, quantified as the distance to a hyperplane derived from a multivariate classifier. Across tasks, these effects were found in largely distinct parts of the ventral visual stream. This suggests that different scene representations are relevant for behavior depending on the task. Next, using deep neural networks as a proxy for visual feature representations, we found that intermediate layers mediated the relationship between scene representations and behavior for both categorization tasks, indicating a contribution of mid-level visual features to these representations. Finally, we observed opposite patterns of brain-behavior correlations in the man-made/natural and the fixation task, indicating interference of representations with behavior for task demands that do not align with the content of representations. Together, these results reveal the spatial extent, content, and task-dependence of the visual representations that mediate behavior in complex scenes.
Characterizing the temporal dynamics and maturation of brain activity during sleep: An EEG microstate study in preterm and full-term infants
Authors: Adibpour Parvaneh , Nasser Hala , Pedoux Amandine , Devisscher Laurie , Elbaz Nicolas , Ghozland Chloé , Hinnekens Elodie , Neumane Sara , Kabdebon Claire , Lefebvre Aline , Kaminska Anna , Hertz-Pannier Lucie , Heneau Alice , Sibony Olivier , Alison Marianne , Delanoë Catherine , Delorme Richard , Barbu-Roth Marianne , Biran Valérie , Dubois Jessica 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
By interfering with the normal sequence of mechanisms serving the brain maturation, premature birth and related stress can alter perinatal experiences, with potential long-term consequences on a child’s neurodevelopment. The early characterization of brain functioning and maturational changes is thus of critical interest in premature infants who are at high risk of atypical outcomes and could benefit from early diagnosis and dedicated interventions. Using high-density electroencephalography (HD-EEG), we recorded brain activity in extreme and very preterm infants at the equivalent age of pregnancy term (n = 43), and longitudinally 2 months later (n = 33), compared with full-term born infants (n = 14). We characterized the maturation of brain activity by using a dedicated microstate analysis to quantify the spatio-temporal dynamics of the spontaneous transient network activity while controlling for vigilance states. The comparison of premature and full-term infants first showed slower dynamics as well as altered spatio-temporal properties of brain activity in preterm infants. Maturation of functional networks between term-equivalent age and 2 months later in preterms was linked to the emergence of faster dynamics, manifested in part by shorter duration of microstates, as well as an evolution in the spatial organization of the dominant microstates. The inter-individual differences in the temporal dynamics of brain activity at term-equivalent age were further impacted by sex (with slower microstate dynamics in boys) and by gestational age at birth for some microstate dynamics but not by other considered risk factors. This study highlights the potential of the microstate approach to reveal maturational properties of the emerging brain network activity in premature infants.
Care Fragmentation Following Bariatric Operations: A National Analysis
Authors: Ali Konmal , Coaston Troy , Ng Ayesha P. , Micalo Lavender , Sakowitz Sara , Vadlakonda Amulya , Badiee Barzin , Ali Syed Shaheer , Benharash Peyman 
Published: January 2025

Background Although existing work has evaluated outcomes associated with care fragmentation (CF), these adverse consequences may be accentuated in patients undergoing bariatric operations. This retrospective study examined the association of CF with clinical and financial outcomes among patients receiving bariatric surgery. Methods All adult (≥18 years) records for bariatric operations were tabulated from the 2016-2021 Nationwide Readmissions Database. Patients with nonelective rehospitalization at a non-index facility within 30 days of index discharge comprised the CF cohort (others: No-CF). Multivariable linear and logistic models were developed to assess the association of care fragmentation with outcomes of interest. Results Of an estimated 38,842 patients, 5591 (17.0%) comprised the CF cohort. Compared to No-CF, CF was older, less likely to be female, and more frequently insured by Medicare. Following comprehensive risk adjustment, CF demonstrated increased odds of respiratory (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.61, 95% CI 1.37-1.90), renal (AOR 1.56, 95% CI 1.38-1.76), and thromboembolic (AOR 2.03, 95% CI 1.71-2.41) complications. Additionally, those who experienced CF demonstrated increased odds of non-home discharge (AOR 2.03, 95% CI 1.70-2.42). Conclusions Care fragmentation is associated with increased mortality, complications, non-home discharge, and hospitalization costs. Initiatives such as patient education, harmonizing postoperative care, and facilitating returns to the index hospitals may minimize the adverse effects of CF to improve the continuation of care following bariatric operations.
Self-care education in primary schools and related settings in England: An ethnographic study
Authors: Osman Samira , Hirsch Christine , Jalal Zahraa , Paudyal Vibhu 
Published: January 2025

Objective: Health and self-care education to 5- to 11-year olds is key to disease prevention and health promotion. This study aimed to evaluate how self-care education is delivered to primary school-aged children in England. Design: Non-participant ethnographic observation. Setting: A sample of primary schools, extracurricular clubs and religious schools in England. Methods: In-class observations were undertaken in primary school settings and textual narrative synthesis was used for analysis. Results: A total of 11 teaching sessions were observed. Self-care topics were covered in subject areas including science, physical education and personal, social and health education lessons. Healthy eating and nutrition, physical exercise, mental health and hygiene were key areas covered. While the sessions emphasised the importance of healthy behaviours, the link between healthy behaviours and health promotion was not always apparent. Methods of delivery varied considerably across educational settings. Conclusion: Strategic policy adjustments are recommended to establish a standardised curriculum for the delivery of self-care education, thereby fostering equitable opportunity for learning. Further emphasis on self-care in the context of disease prevention, health promotion and management of minor ailments is needed.
Response surface methodology to optimize the thermal stability, young modulus and flexural strength of PP/SEBS/clay nanocomposite produced by FFF method
Authors: AbdulAmeer S , MA Altalbawy Farag , Adhab Ali H , Rachchh Nikunj , Abu Bakar Hamidah , Kumar Raman , Kulshreshta Ankur , Chandra Subhash , Mahdi Morug S , Mansoor Aseel S , Kadem Radi Usama , Saadoun Abd Nasr 
Published: January 2025

The fused filament fabrication (FFF) method was used in this study to fabricate PP/SEBS/Clay nanocomposite and the response surface methodology was used to optimize the thermal stability and mechanical properties of the nanocomposite. The effect of the parameters of nozzle temperature, print speed and nano-clay content was also investigated on the thermal stability, Young modulus and flexural strength of the PP/SEBS/Clay nanocomposite. Moreover, SEM images were used to analyze the microstructure of the printed samples. It was observed that an increase in the amount of nano-clay improved the crystallization temperature of the nanocomposite by 9%, while increasing the nozzle temperature and print speed improved the crystallization temperature by 1.5% and 0.9%, respectively. Moreover, the increase of clay content up to 3 wt% improved Young modulus by 31% and decreased the flexural strength by 8%. Optimization results indicated that crystallization temperature, Young modulus and flexural strength of the PP/SEBS/Clay nanocomposite can be enhanced simultaneously by print speed of 40 mm/s, nozzle temperature of 250°C and nano-clay content of 4.5 wt%.
The Road to the Hoop: Relative Age Effects and Game-Related Performance in Youth Basketball
Authors: Bilgiç Mert , Brustio Paolo Riccardo , Uğurlu Alkan , Işın Ali 
Published: January 2025

Relative Age Effects (RAEs) have been widely reported trends in basketball participation, but research on the relationship between RAEs and competitive performance has been contradictory. We aimed to determine the magnitude of RAEs in elite youth basketball players and to analyze RAEs on key performance indicators (KPIs). We recorded and analyzed the incidence of early birthdates and the KPIs of 2487 youth basketball players (aged 16–19 years). We evaluated RAEs by means of the incidence of early birthdates using (i) Chi-square (χ2) goodness-of-fit tests to compare player differences in birthdate quartiles and (ii) Poisson regression analysis to evaluate birthdates as a continuous variable. We conducted Kruskal-Wallis tests separately for each age group to assess possible relationships between birthdate quartile differences and KPIs. We observed consistent moderate RAEs across all ages. The Poisson regression analysis showed that athletes born near the beginning of the year were 4.6–8.4 times more likely to have been included on the squad than athletes born towards the end of the year. We observed no significant differences between KPIs for differently aged athletes. However, 16-year-old athletes with first quartile birthdates showed higher KPIs than those with fourth quartile birthdates of the same calendar year. The potential bases for RAEs are complex and include the characteristic demands of sports competition at various competition levels and athletes’ ages, individual factors and social factors. We discuss these and other potential bases. Basketball coaches and managers should keep RAEs in mind when selecting youth players to avoid a selection bias towards players born at the beginning of the year which may close out training opportunities and cause drop outs for talented but slightly younger players.
Patient Interpretations of Heart Failure Symptom Recognition and Self-Management Using Vignettes: A Pilot Study
Authors: da Costa Ferreira Oberfrank Natany , Watkinson Erica , Buck Harleah , Dunn Lopez Karen 
Published: January 2025

Background: Heart failure is a condition with significant symptom burden and high hospitalization rates. Effective self-management, including recognizing symptoms and making behavior changes, is crucial but often inadequately addressed by current educational methods. To improve this, heart failure self-care vignettes were developed to measure knowledge of managing physical and psychological symptoms. However, the vignettes’ face validity and reliability have not been thoroughly evaluated. Objective: To ensure the understandability of a novel instrument to measure knowledge of heart failure symptom recognition and self-management and to examine its inter-rater reliability with individuals diagnosed with heart failure. Methods: Cognitive interviews were conducted with heart failure patients admitted to an academic hospital in the Midwest U.S. Vignette segments and interview questions were analyzed, totaling 74 items. Five patients aged 65 and older, participated without cognitive, visual, or hearing impairments. The interviews were coded by two independent raters using a cognitive interview coding book. Vignettes were evaluated qualitatively with a 3-point Likert scale (1 = misunderstanding, 2 = partial understanding, and 3 = full understanding). Inter-rater reliability was assessed using percent agreement and Cohen’s kappa. Results: Patients understood an average of 76% of the psychological and 83% of the physical vignette items, indicating acceptable preliminary understandability. Inter-rater reliability was moderate, with Cohen’s kappa values of 0.39 (psychological) and 0.43 (physical). Conclusions: This pilot study suggests that vignettes could be a useful tool for assessing knowledge of symptom recognition and self-management. Cognitive interviewing helped evaluate how vignette segments were interpreted before using them in future data collection.
Factors associated with activated clotting time following heparin administration in pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass: A retrospective study
Authors: Hida Mizuho , Kashiwa Koichi , Kurosawa Hideo , Takahashi Mai , Fujiya Saori , Fujishiro Kazuki , Shimoda Junpei , Kubo Hitoshi , Inokuchi Ryota , Doi Kent , Hirata Yasutaka 
Published: January 2025

Introduction The recently recommended activated clotting time (ACT) to be maintained at the initiation of and during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is ≥480 s. However, the post-unfractionated heparin (UFH) administration ACT occasionally does not exceed 480 s. Therefore, in this study, we retrospectively evaluated the factors influencing post-heparin administration ACT before initiating CPB. Methods In this retrospective study, patients aged <7 years who had undergone open-heart surgery with CPB between August 2021 and June 2023 were investigated. Those who lacked preoperative data or received antithrombin or fresh frozen plasma preparations prior to undergoing CPB were excluded. Multiple regression analysis was performed using the initial ACT as the dependent variable and preoperative covariates as independent variables. Results This retrospective study included 91 patients. The median age of the patients was 265 (interquartile range [IQR]: 127–750) days. The median initial ACT was 589 (IQR: 506–713) s. In 17 (19%) patients, the initial ACT was <480 s. Multiple regression analysis revealed a statistically significant association between the platelet count and initial ACT, with a regression coefficient of −5.26 (95% confidence interval [−8.56 to −1.95]) and standard regression coefficient of −0.39 ( p = .002). Conclusion A high preoperative platelet count was associated with a reduced heparin response. Nevertheless, the platelet count cannot solely elucidate the heparin response, and further investigations are required to determine the predictive factors affecting this response.