bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Susceptibility in ‘Deserta Naja’ Casaba Melon to a Cucumber Beetle1
Authors: Coudriet D. L. , Kishaba A. N. , McCreight James D. , Bohn G. W. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Greenhouse and field tests showed casaba melon, (Cucumis melo L. cv. Deserta Naja) to be highly susceptible to the western spotted cucumber beetle (Diabrotica undecimpunctata ssp. undecimpunctata Mannerheim). F1 and F2 progenies derived from a cross between ‘Deserta Naja’ and a comparatively resistant melon aphid-resistant breeding line ‘Top-Mark’ were nearly as susceptible as ‘Deserta Naja’, indicating a dominance of susceptibility. The mean damage to the progeny was significantly different from that of ‘Deserta Naja’; however, this indicated that dominance was incomplete. Greater numbers of the beetles on ‘Deserta Naja’ than on other entries in a field trial indicated that preference is associated with its high susceptibility. Differential damage to ‘Top-Mark’ in free-choice and no-choice tests supported the theory that resistance includes non-preference.
Effects of No-tillage and Herbicides on Carrot and Onion Seed Production1
Authors: Campbell W. F. , Anderson J. L. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Carrot roots (Daucus carota L.) and onion bulbs (Allium cepa L.) were planted in Kidman silt loam immediately after DCPA (dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate), ethofumesate (2-ethoxy-2,3-dmydro-3,3-dimethyl-5-benzofuranol methanesulfonate), linuron (3-(3,4-dichlo-rophyenyl)-l-methoxy-l-methylurea), napropamide (2-(a-naphthoxy)N,N-diethylpropiona-mide), or trifluralin (a,a,a-trifluoro-2,6 dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine) had been soil incorporated. In a second experiment, carrot roots and onion bulbs were planted in a conventionally-prepared seed bed or among vigorously growing wheat plants (7 to 10 cm tall). DCPA, linuron, and oryzalin (3,5-dinitro-N4,N4-dipropylsulfanilamide) plus glyphosate (N-(phos-phonomethyl)glycine) were surface applied to these seedbeds after planting but prior to crop emergence. Methazole (2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-l,2,4-oxadiazolidine-3,5-dione) and nitrofen (2,4-dichlorophenyl-p-nitrophenyl ether) were applied postemergence. Chemical treatments significantly altered the seed yields within the no-tillage method. Carrots grown in the tilled plots exhibited no effect of chemical treatments on seed yield. Comparison of tillage methods indicated a highly significant reduction in carrot seed yield relative to the no-tillage plots. Those on the non-weeded control and no-tillage plots showed a highly significant reduction in seed yield. Many of the onion bulbs from male-fertile lines failed to develop seedstalks in the plots sprayed with linuron and napropamide and those that did were delayed in development. Linuron and ethofumesate reduced the numbers of onion flowers per umbel. Onions grown in the tilled plots exhibited no effect of chemical treatments on seed yield. Those on the non-weeded control and no-tillage plots showed a highly significant reduction in onion seed yield. Comparison of tillage methods indicated a highly significant reduction in onion seed yield relative to the no-tillage plots.
‘Oroblanco’, a Triploid Pummelo-grapefruit Hybrid1
Authors: Soost R. K. , Cameron J. W. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
‘O roblanco’ is an early-maturing, seedless grapefruit-type citrus released for use in the interior areas of California. It may be suitable for interm ediate climate zones in other citrus areas. Fruit quality has not been satisfactory in cool, humid climates nor in hot desert areas.
Minnesota 494-All Pea Germplasm1
Authors: King T. H. , Davis D. W. , Shehata M. A. , Pfleger F. L. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Minnesota 494-A11 is a unique source of common pea (Pisum sativum L.) germ-plasm. It has moderate to high resistance to common root rot caused by Aphanomyees euteiehes Drechs. (3, 6) and high resistance to fusarium wilt races 1, 2 and 6 caused by Fusarium oxysporum Linford f. sp. pisi Snyd. & Hans. It is intermediate in reaction to race 5 of that organism (7). It also has moderate tolerance to fusarium root rot caused by Fusarium solani and to root rot caused by Pythium ultimum. However, it does not have resistance to Rhizoctonia solani. No other genotype of P. sativum is known to have the above combination of resistanee/tolerance to so many soil-borne pathogens.
The Israeli Strawberry Industry1
Authors: Converse R. H. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Fresh strawberries are currently a $9 million winter export crop from Israel. Strawberries occupy 400 ha, mainly along the coastal plain between Haifa and Tel Aviv. Following October planting on methyl-bromide-fumigated soil, fruit production begins in late November in plastic tunnel culture. Exports drop off after mid-April, and 75% of the 14,000 MT crop is then consumed locally, mostly in the fresh market, until the plants are plowed out, at the onset of hot weather in June. ‘Fresno’, ‘Tioga’, and an Israeli cultivar similar to ‘Aliso’ are the major cultivars. ‘Nurit’, a new, early Israeli cultivar, now occupies 10% of the crop area.
Development of Water Stress in Plants1
Authors: Kaufmann Merrill R. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The term “drought” often conjures up visions of low rainfall areas, dust bowls, and seared plants, but even in humid, wet regions an unusually dry period is of major concern to agriculturists. Clearly, the deleterious effects on plants of limited water supply are a threat in almost all crop-producing situations, from irrigated desert farmland in the West to an orchard in New York or Florida to a greenhouse in the Midwest. Thus, it is important to understand how water deficits develop in plants and to be able to recognize the impact of various factors in the shoot and root environments on plant water stress.
A New Insulator Wrap to Protect Young Citrus Trees during Freezes1
Authors: Yelenosky George 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A low-density, semirigid insulating wrap of L-shaped Styrofoam halves with plastic bag inner liners partially filled with water protected young citrus trees adequately in controlled freezes and showed no physical deterioration after 2 continuous years in field trials. Protection was provided by a lag in temperature decrease under the wraps relative to that of ambient air and by the release of heat as water froze in the plastic bags which pressed against the tree trunk. Crystals of either phenazine or silver iodide prevented supercooling of the water below −2.8°C. Citrus plants small enough to fit entirely within the wrap, even succulent new growth, remained uninjured during −6.7°C freezes.
Axillary Buds Sprouting in Macadamia Induced by Two Cytokinins and a Growth Inhibitor1
Authors: Boswell S. B. , Nauer E. M. , Storey W. B. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Application of 6-(benzylamino)-9-(2-tetrahydropyranyl-9H-purine (PBA); 6-benzylamino purine (BA); and ethyl 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-2H-tetrazole-2-acetate (PP528) to seedlings of Macadamia tetraphylla L. in the greenhouse resulted in sprouting of axillary buds. PBA and BA were more effective than PP528. No axillary buds sprouted on untreated seedlings.
Ethylene and Ethane Production and Electrolyte Leakage of Water-stressed ‘Pixy’ Plum Leaves1
Authors: Kobayashi K. , Fuchigami L. H. , Brainerd K. E. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Ethylene and ethane production and electrolyte leakage were determined during water stress of leaves of asceptically-cultured plum (Prunus insititia L. cv. Pixy). Ethylene production increased to a maximum at about 50% leaf water loss and decreased as water deficit increased. Ethane production and electrolyte leakage were highly correlated, increasing only after 50% water loss to a maximum at about 72% water loss, indicating an increase in cell injury and death.
Research Data Collection by Customer Harvest of Small Fruits1
Authors: Courter J. W. , Sabota C. M. , Moore J. N. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Customer harvest (PYO) of research plots at University of Illinois and University of Arkansas research stations began in the late 1960s when it became difficult to harvest extensive research plots. Similar methods were developed independently for customer harvest at both locations. Initially we invited faculty, staff, their wives, and eventually other local people to pick strawberries, blackberries, and blueberries. We obtained yield records and the customers paid for the fruit. Data were collected to evaluate cultivars and advanced breeding selections of strawberries, blueberries, and blackberries.
The Influence of Water Immersion Times at Harvest on Physiological Breakdown of ‘Early Black’ Cranberries in Storage1
Authors: Ceponis Michael J. , Stretch Allan W. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Stored dry-harvested and water-harvested cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait) developed physiological breakdown after the free berries were immersed for 8 hours or more in a flooded bog. Berry maturity was a predisposing factor in physiological breakdown with most rapid deterioration in late-harvested, more intensely colored fruit.
Response of Sweet Peppers to Solar Reflectors and Reflective Mulches1
Authors: Dufault Robert J. , Wiggans Samuel C. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Sweet peppers (Capsicum annuum L. cv. Midway) were grown in field plots with diffuse solar reflectors and/or white polyethylene mulches. Solar reflectors significantly increased photosynthetically-active radiation (PAR) levels over the season. The reflective flux in PAR of mulched ground surfaces was 3 times as large as the bare soil plots. Plants grown with a white mulch were shorter, fruited earlier, and produced higher overall yields than unmulched plants. Solar reflectors did not affect earliness to fruit and increased the overall yield of fruit to a lesser extent than mulched plants. Stem diameter and fresh and dry weights were unaffected by any treatment. Solar reflectors minimally affected plant growth and yield. The beneficial effect of reflective mulches could not be ascribed to solar enhancement, to soil moisture conservation, or to other microclimatic factors.
Cultivar Influence on Response of Carrot to Northern Root-knot Nematode1
Authors: Yarger L. W. , Baker L. R. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Differences in response of carrot (Daucus carota L.) to northern root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood) were demonstrated when grown in muck soil, under naturally infested field conditions. Significant differences among cultivars for galling, forking, and fasciculation were noted, but no significant difference was noted for stubbing. A tolerance index (Ti) was calculated by numerically combining the effects of each response to compare the total reaction of the carrot cultivars to M. hapla.‘ Spartan Classic’ was the most tolerant; whereas Danvers 126’ was the least tolerant to M. hapla.
Natural Cross Pollination in Four Andromonoecious Seedling Marker Lines of Muskmelon1
Authors: Nugent Perry E. , Hoffman James C. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Natural cross pollination was studied with virescent (v), yellow-green (yg), glabrous (g) and halo (h) muskmelon mutants. The average percent crossing was 8.9,7.6,5.1, and 6.0, respectively. The variation was from 0.0 to less than 20%, except for one fruit with 30%.
Turfgrass Responses to Total and Partial Defoliation1
Authors: Biran I. , Bushkin-Harav I. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The effect of partial or complete defoliation was studied using 2 cool season and 8 warm season species. Removal of 75–35% of the total chlorophyll content did not change the percentage green cover. These changes mainly occurred whea 8% or less of the clr content remained. Chlorophyll distribution along the vertical axis from soil level to shoot tip was different for 2 different turfgrass groups: (a) high shade tolerance species and (b) low shade tolerance species. In the low shade group less chlorophyll was found in the lower part of the canopy, thus making them more susceptible to scalping. Most turfgrass species respond differently to total and to partial defoliation. Some which were not affected by partial defoliation are badly affected by total defoliation. The 2 cool season turf grasses did not recover from complete defoliation. Most warm season grasses recovered from complete defoliation.
Slow-release Herbicide Formulation for Weed Control in Container-grown Plants1
Authors: Koncal JJ , Gorske S. F. , Fretz T. A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Four herbicides formulated as slow release tablets were evaluated for weed control on container grown nursery crops. These included alachlor (2-chloro-2, '6'-diethyl-N-(methox-ymethyl) acetanilide), metolachlor (2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-l-methylethyl) acetamide), oxadiazon (2-tertbutyl-4(2,4 dichloro-5-isopropoxyphenyl)-∆2-1,3,4-oxadiazoIin-one) and oryzalin (3,5-dinitro-N4,N4 dipropyl-sulfanilamide). Metolachlor tablets at 40 Kg/ha exhibited 120 days of excellent weed control. Less injury was evident on border forsythia (Forsythia intermedia Zab. “Spectasbilis’) and cranberry cotoneaster (Cotoneaster apiculatux Rhed. & E.H. Wils) when herbicide applications were made using tablets in comparison to equivalent rates of granular material.
In Vitro Propagation of Peperomia viridis Using Medium Supplemented with Ginseng Powder1
Authors: Hui L. H. , Zee S. Y. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Leaf discs of Peperomia viridis Tre. were cultured on a Murashige and Skoog’s medium supplemented with 2 mg/liter kinetin and 1 mg/liter NAA. The addition of 100–500 mg/liter of raw ginseng powder increased shoots per explant and improved the quality of the regeneration plantlets.
‘Harlayne’ Apricot1
Authors: Layne Richard E. C. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
‘Harlayne’ is an exceptionally cold-hardy, productive, late season apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) suitable for the fresh market and for processing. The trees are vigorous, hardy, productive, and tolerant to perennial canker (Leucostoma spp.). The fruits are resistant to bacterial spot (Xanthomonas pruni (E. F. Sm.) Dows.) and brown rot (Monilinia fructicola [Wint.] Honey) but moderately susceptible to skin cracking if subject to heavy rains near harvest maturity. ‘Harlayne’ ripens 8 days after ‘Veecot’ and 4 days after ‘Harogem’ in the late season. It is a good dual purpose type being well-suited for the fresh market, home canning and appears suitable for commercial processing. The fruits will keep for about a week at room temperature and 2 to 3 weeks in a refrigerated storage. ‘Harlayne’ will extend the apricot season in Southwestern Ontario by about one week.
‘Hargrand’ Apricot1
Authors: Layne Richard E. C. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
‘Hargrand’ is an exceptionally large, firm-fleshed apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) suitable for the fresh market, home canning and commercial processing, especially as puree for baby food. The tree is cold hardy and productive and tolerant to perennial canker (Leucostoma spp.). The fruits are moderately resistant to brown rot (Moniliniafructicola [Wint.] Honey), bacterial spot (Xanthomonaspruni [E. F. Sm.] Dows.) and skin cracking. ‘Hargrand’ ripens in the midseason with ‘Veecot’ and is being introduced for the Ontario fresh market to meet the need for better dual purpose cultivars in this season. It should be adapted to regions where ‘Goldcot’ and ‘Veecot’ are successfully grown.
The University of Georgia Botanical Garden
Authors: Dirr Michael A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The Botanical Garden was conceived in 1968 when Dr. Fred C. Davison, President, charged a committee composed of faculty from the plant sciences “to study and present a final proposal for the establishment of a ‘Living Plant Library’ at the University of Georgia.” The epithet, Living Plant Library, was used in preference to botanical garden or arboretum which evoked memories of the original botanical garden at the University that existed from 1832 to about 1855; and/or the Arboretum started on South Campus about 1908 by Dr. T.H. McHatton, Head of Horticulture. Both gardens were extinguished by the path of progress – campus construction.
Usda Forest Service Programs to Support Urban Forest Resources
Authors: Moeller George H. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Since 1905, the United State Department of Agriculture’s Forest Service has been manager of the nation’s forests and wilderness resources — 187 million acres (75.7 million ha) in national forests and grasslands. Except where excluded by law, these lands are managed for multiple products like recreation, wildlife, range, timber, and water. The Forest Service also cooperates with state forestry organizations to organize technical and financial assistance programs that improve forest management on 1.4 billion acres (0.57 billion ha) of private and non-Federal public forest and rangelands throughout the country.
Solar Energy, Soil Management, and Frost Protection1
Authors: Fritton D·D. , Martsolf J. D. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Management of the soil as a source of heat was investigated to evaluate possibilities for the conservation of oil presently used in frost protection. Two treatments involved the use of covers made from clear plastic and aluminum foil to trap solar energy. Maximum benefit was indicated for bare soil covered during the day and uncovered just before critical temperatures are reached at night. Bare soil and covered mowed grass gave an intermediate benefit while the mowed grass management scheme gave the least benefit to frost protection
A Method for Harvesting, Cleaning, and Treating Achenes of Guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray)1
Authors: Tipton J. L. , Craver J. L. , Blackwell J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Procedures are described to mechanize partially harvesting, cleaning, and pretreat-ment of guayule achenes. Achenes are harvested with a vacuum insect net and cleaned by a series of screening, threshing, and forced air separations, then treated to overcome seed coat impermeability in a semiautomatic system that presoaks, treats with 0.5% sodium hypochlorite, and rinses. Achenes may be sown immediately or dried for storage. Procedures outlined involve commercially available equipment with a minimum of custom construction and are adaptable to small or large operations.
In Vitro Propagation of Carrizo Citrange1
Authors: Kitto S. L. , Young M. J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In vitro proliferation of shoot tips was attempted with nucellar seedlings of sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.), Carrizo citrange (‘Washington’ navel × Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.), and Cleopatra mandarin (C. reshni Hort. ex Tanaka). Shoot multiplication was achieved with Carrizo citrange shoot tips cultured on Knop’s medium (with organics) supplemented with Murashige and Skoog microelements, 5 mg/liter 6-benzyIamino purine (BA), 3 — 4% sucrose and at a light intensity of 2.2 klx. No effect on shoot proliferation was obtained with 6-furfurylamino purine (kinetin), 6 γ-γ-dimethallyl amino purine (2iP), agar concentration, addition of orange juice, or nitrogen source. Proliferated shoot tips of Carrizo citrange rooted when cultured on Murashige and Tucker’s medium containing 1 mg/liter napthaleneacetic acid and gelled with 0.5% agar. Plants were successfully established in soil.
Hexazinone, a Promising Herbicide for Highbush Blueberries1
Authors: Jensen K·I.N. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The herbicide hexazinone [3-cyclohexy1-6-(dimethyl-amino)-1-methyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4 (1H,3H)-dione was selective in high blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) when applied as a directed spray at rates that controlled a broad spectrum of perennial grass and broadleaf weeds. Early spring applications to the soil before weed emergence gave significantly better weed control than fall treatments. Container grown, 3-year-old ‘Berkeley’ and ‘Bluecrop’ blueberries were injured by 1 and 2 kg/ha, respectively, of soil applied hexazinone which suggests differential tolerance among cultivars. Applications to blueberry foliage caused severe injury. In field trials, however, injury was observed only at 4 kg/ha, but 2 kg/ha was sufficient for the control of quackgrass [Agropyron repens (L.) Beauv.] goldenrod (Solidago spp.), hawkweed (Hieracium spp.), sheep sorrel (Rumex acetosella L.) and many other weeds.
Field Chilling vs. Cold Storage of Highbush Blueberry Cuttings1
Authors: Shelton Loretta L. , Moore J.N· 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Hardwood cuttings from canes of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) collected in early dormancy and stored at 2°C until spring rooted better than cuttings collected in the latter part of the winter. Cuttings placed immediately in a greenhouse propagation structure rooted and grew poorly when collected before mid-December but if collected after mid-December produced plants up to two-fold larger than spring-rooted plants after 1 growing season due to the extended growing period.
A Comparison between Flail Mowing and Burning for Pruning Lowbush Blueberries1
Authors: A.Ismail Amr , E.Yarborough David 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
No differences in plant stand, stem length, growth habit, flower bud formation or yield were detected between fall vs. spring or between mechanical vs. thermal pruning (burning with oil) of lowbush blueberries Vaccinium angustifolium Ait. This suggests that close flail mowing may be an acceptable alternative to burning for pruning lowbush blueberries.
Highbush Blueberry Propagation under Southern U.S. Climatic Conditions1
Authors: Shelton Loretta L. , Moore J·N. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Hardwood cuttings of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) rooted and grew best in a medium of sphagnum peat alone or in mixtures of peat and sand (1:1 and 2:1 v/v) in full sunlight under intermittent mist. Mixtures of peat and sand are recommended because root breakage is a problem when separating plants produced in peat alone. A commercial rooting hormone was of no value in increasing rooting.
Control of Trunk Shoots on ‘Concord’ Grapevines (Vitis labrusca L.) with Naphthaleneacetic Acid1
Authors: Morris J. R. , Cawthon D. L. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) was applied to 10-year-old ‘Concord’ grapevine trunks at 0, 2, 4, and 8% concentrations. Best control of shoots on trunks was obtained with the 4 and 8% concentrations with no visual foliar injury or detrimental effects on yield, vine size, or fruit quality. One application of NAA at 8% reduced the number of trunk shoots for 3 years, but 100% control was obtained only in the year of application.
Parent Selection in Breeding Strawberries Resistant to Twospotted Spider Mites1
Authors: Barritt Bruce H. , Shanks Carl H. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Mite resistance of strawberry, Fragaria ☓ ananassa Duch, based on the ability to support low populations of the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, was assessed in the progeny of 15 crosses at two locations. The best parents were Washington State University selections 72–83M, 75-7-5 and 75-57-3 and the poorest parents were the susceptible cultivars ‘Totem’ and ‘Rainier’. General combining ability estimates for mite resistance were higher than specific combining ability estimates. Heritability estimates, based on parent/offspring regression, were high and ranged from 0.62 to 0.92. These observations suggest that additive genetic factors play a major role in the inheritance of mite resistance.
Postharvest Color Development in nor F1 Tomato Hybrids as Influenced by Maturity State at Harvest1
Authors: Buescher R. W. , Hardy Carolyn , Tigchelaar E. C. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Fruits from normal-ripening genotypes of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) attained a similar level of color regardless of stage at harvest (red, pink, breaker, and mature green). Color of fruits from F1, nor hybrids (nor × normal) when harvested red was similar to that of normal fruits but less color developed when harvested at the pink or less mature stages.