bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychopathological symptoms as precursors of depressive symptoms in adolescence: a prospective analysis of the GINIplus and LISA birth cohort studies
Authors: Greimel Ellen , Adams Lena , Zsigo Carolin , Berdel Dietrich , von Berg Andrea , Koletzko Sibylle , Bauer Carl-Peter , Schikowski Tamara , Herberth Gunda , Heinrich Joachim , Schulte-Körne Gerd , Standl Marie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Depressive symptoms are highly prevalent in adolescence, highlighting the need for early identification of precursors. Research into psychopathological symptoms predicting depressive psychopathology in adolescents is therefore of great relevance. Moreover, given that the prevalence of depressive symptomatology in adolescence shows marked differences between girls and boys, insight into potential sex-specific differences in precursors is important.

Methods
This study examined the relationships between emotional problems, conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention, peer problems, and difficulties in prosocial behaviour at age 10 (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire), and the presence of depressive symptoms at age 15 (Depression Screener for Teenagers). Using data from 2824 participants of the GINIplus and LISA birth cohorts, the association of each SDQ subscale at age 10 years with the presence of depressive symptoms at age 15 years was analyzed using sex-specific logistic regression, adjusting for potential confounders.

Results
Emotional problems [odds ratio (OR) 1.99, p = 0.002 for boys and OR 1.77, p < 0.001 for girls] and peer problems (OR 2.62, p < 0.001 for boys, OR 1.91, p = 0.001 for girls) at age 10 showed an increased risk for the presence of depressive symptoms at age 15. Additionally, boys with conduct problems at age 10 were at greater risk of showing depressive symptoms in adolescence (OR 2.50, p < 0.001).

Discussion
Based on the identified prospective relationships in our study, it might be of particular importance to tailor prevention approaches during childhood to peer and emotional problems to reduce the risk of depressive psychopathology in adolescence. Moreover, particularly in boys, it seems important to also target conduct problems in childhood as a precursor of depressive symptoms in the adolescent period.
Improvements and comparison of VLBI INT2 and INT3 session performance
Authors: Schartner Matthias , Plötz Christian , Soja Benedikt 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOne of the core products of VLBI is the rapid determination of the Earth rotation parameter, expressed through dUT1. Multiple so-called Intensive observing programs exist that are observing dUT1 on a regular basis. Within this work, a detailed overview over the last five years of the VLBI Intensive observing programs INT2 and INT3 is provided. INT2 sessions are typically observed with a single baseline using a recording rate of $${256}\,\hbox {Mbps}$$

256

Mbps

while INT3 sessions are multi-baseline Intensives with up to five stations and a recording rate of $${1}\,\hbox {Gbps}$$

1

Gbps

. The median dUT1 precision estimated from INT2 sessions is $${10.5}\,{\mu }\hbox {s}$$

10.5

μ
s

while it is $${5.9}\,\mu \hbox {s}$$

5.9

μ
s

for INT3 sessions. The best performing INT2 baseline is between station MK-VLBA and WETTZELL with a median dUT1 formal error of $${6.4}\,\mu \hbox {s}$$

6.4

μ
s

and showing only a small bias of $${-2.5}\,\mu \hbox {s}$$

-
2.5

μ
s

w.r.t. the JPL EOP2 series. Starting in 2019, the scheduling strategy of the INT3 sessions was significantly changed, leading to a reduction in the estimated average dUT1 formal errors by 25 % for 4-station sessions and 45 % for 5-stations sessions. Mid-2020, the same change was performed for INT2 sessions, leading to a reduction in the average dUT1 mean formal error of up to 44 % for the baseline between MK-VLBA and WETTZELL. It is further revealed that the precision of single-baseline INT3 analysis is not significantly better than its INT2 counterpart, although a four-times higher data-rate is used. The reason for this is differences in scheduling optimization. On average, the mean formal error of the best single-baseline INT3 analysis is 50 % higher compared to utilizing the whole network. Besides analyzing dUT1 formal errors, the latency of the dUT1 results is compared for three analysis centers. For INT3 sessions, results are typically available within 24 hours, while it takes two to three days for INT2 sessions, due to observations occurring on weekends. Overall, this work provides detailed insight into the INT2 and INT3 session performances while revealing a strong positive trend in the precision of dUT1 measurements over the last years due to changes in the scheduling strategy.
Mediolateral/lateral episiotomy with operative vaginal delivery and the risk reduction of obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI): A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Okeahialam Nicola Adanna , Wong Ka Woon , Jha Swati , Sultan Abdul H. , Thakar Ranee 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction and hypothesis
OASI complicates approximately 6% of vaginal deliveries. This risk is increased with operative vaginal deliveries (OVDs), particularly forceps. However, there is conflicting evidence supporting the use of mediolateral/lateral episiotomy (MLE/LE) with OVD. The aim of this study was to assess whether MLE/LE affects the incidence of OASI in OVD.

Methods
Electronic searches were performed in OVID Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Library. Randomised and non-randomised observational studies investigating the risk of OASI in OVD with/without MLE/LE were eligible for inclusion. Pooled odds ratios (OR) were calculated using Revman 5.3. Risk of bias of was assessed using the Cochrane RoB2 and ROBINS-I tool. The quality of evidence was assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE).

Results
A total of 703,977 patients from 31 studies were pooled for meta-analysis. MLE/LE significantly reduced the rate of OASI in OVD (OR 0.60 [95% CI 0.42–0.84]). On sub-group analysis, MLE/LE significantly reduced the rate in nulliparous ventouse (OR 0.51 [95% CI 0.42–0.84]) and forceps deliveries (OR 0.32 [95% CI 0.29–0.61]). In multiparous women, although the incidence of OASI was lower when a ventouse or forceps delivery was performed with an MLE/LE, this was not statistically significant. Heterogeneity remained significant across all studies (I2 > 50). The quality of all evidence was downgraded to “very low” because of the critical risk of bias across many studies.

Conclusions
MLE/LE may reduce the incidence of OASI in OVDs, particularly in nulliparous ventouse or forceps deliveries. This information will be useful in aiding clinical decision-making and counselling in the antenatal period and during labour.
Telemedicine in Surgical Care in Low‐ and Middle‐Income Countries: A Scoping Review
Authors: Owolabi Eyitayo Omolara , Mac Quene Tamlyn , Louw Johnelize , Davies Justine I. , Chu Kathryn M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundAccess to timely and quality surgical care is limited in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs). Telemedicine, defined as the remote provision of health care using information, communication and telecommunication platforms have the potential to address some of the barriers to surgical care. However, synthesis of evidence on telemedicine use in surgical care in LMICs is lacking.AimTo describe the current state of evidence on the use and distribution of telemedicine for surgical care in LMICs.MethodsThis was a scoping review of published and relevant grey literature on telemedicine use for surgical care in LMICs, following the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews guideline. PubMed‐Medline, Web of Science, Scopus and African Journals Online databases were searched using a comprehensive search strategy from 1 January 2010 to 28 February 2021.ResultsA total of 178 articles from 53 (38.7%) LMICs across 11 surgical specialties were included. The number of published articles increased from 2 in 2010 to 44 in 2020. The highest number of studies was from the World Health Organization Western Pacific region (n = 73; 41.0%) and of these, most were from China (n = 69; 94.5%). The most common telemedicine platforms used were telephone call (n = 71, 39.9%), video chat (n = 42, 23.6%) and WhatsApp/WeChat (n = 31, 17.4%). Telemedicine was mostly used for post‐operative follow‐up (n = 71, 39.9%), patient education (n = 32, 18.0%), provider training (n = 28, 15.7%) and provider‐provider consultation (n = 16, 9.0%). Less than a third (n = 51, 29.1%) of the studies used a randomised controlled trial design, and only 23 (12.9%) reported effects on clinical outcomes.ConclusionTelemedicine use for surgical care is emerging in LMICs, especially for post‐operative visits. Basic platforms such as telephone calls and 2‐way texting were successfully used for post‐operative follow‐up and education. In addition, file sharing and video chatting options were added when a physical assessment was required. Telephone calls and 2‐way texting platforms should be leveraged to reduce loss to follow‐up of surgical patients in LMICs and their use for pre‐operative visits should be further explored. Despite these telemedicine potentials, there remains an uneven adoption across several LMICs. Also, up to two‐thirds of the studies were of low‐to‐moderate quality with only a few focusing on clinical effectiveness. There is a need to further adopt, develop, and validate telemedicine use for surgical care in LMICs, particularly its impact on clinical outcomes.
Inter-annual variability of land surface fluxes across vineyards: the role of climate, phenology, and irrigation management
Authors: Bambach N. , Kustas W. , Alfieri J. , Gao F. , Prueger J. , Hipps L. , McKee L. , Castro S. J. , Alsina M. M. , McElrone A. J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIrrigation and other agricultural management practices play a key role in land surface fluxes and their interactions with atmospheric processes. California’s Central Valley agricultural productivity is strongly linked to water availability associated with conveyance infrastructure and groundwater, but greater scrutiny over agricultural water use requires better practices particularly during extended and severe drought conditions. The future of irrigated agriculture in California is expected to be characterized neither by perpetual scarcity nor by widespread abundance. Thus, further advancing irrigation technologies and improving management practices will be key for California’s agriculture sustainability. In this study, we present micrometeorological observations from the Grape Remote Sensing Atmospheric Profile and Evapotranspiration eXperiment (GRAPEX) project. Daily, seasonal, and inter-seasonal surface flux patterns and relationships across five vineyards over three distinct California wine production regions were investigated. Vineyard actual evapotranspiration showed significant differences at the sub-daily and daily scale when comparisons across wine production regions and varieties were performed. Water use in vineyards in the Central Valley was about 70% greater in comparison to the vineyards at the North Coast area due to canopy size, atmospheric demand, and irrigation inputs. Inter-annual variability of surface fluxes was also significant, even though, overall weather conditions (i.e., air temperature, vapor pressure deficit, wind speed, and solar radiation) were not significantly different. Thus, not only irrigation but also other management practices played a key role in seasonal water use, and given these differences, we conclude that further advancing ground-based techniques to quantify crop water use at an operational scale will be key to facing California’s agriculture present and future water challenges.
Predictive urinary RNA biomarkers of kidney injury after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
Authors: Tawfick Ahmed , Matboli Marwa , Shamloul Sara , Agwa Sara H. A. , Saad Maha , Shaker Hassan , Selim Mohamed M. Yassin , Salim Mohamed S. , Radwan A. , Shorbagy A. A. , Mousa Waleed 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is considered one of the best choices for the treatment of various kinds of urinary tract calculi, although it might cause acute kidney injury.

Objective
To measure the urinary long non-coding RNA-messenger RNA (LncRNA-mRNA) panel before and after ESWL to evaluate post-ESWL renal injury in a reliable and non-invasive method.

Patients and methods
The study included 60 patients with renal stones treated with ESWL and 30 healthy volunteers. Voided urine samples were obtained before, 2 h, and 1 day after ESWL. We measured the urinary level of LncRNA (SBF2-AS1, FENDRR-19) and mRNA (GBP1, NLRP3) by real-time qPCR and compared the results with serum creatinine and eGFR.

Results
LncRNA (SBF2-AS1, FENDRR-19) and mRNA (GBP1, NLRP3) levels were higher in patients with renal stones when compared with healthy volunteers. They showed a statistically significant increase in the level of LncRNA-mRNA panel in baseline and after ESWL treatment.

Conclusion
LncRNA (SBF2-AS1, FENDRR-19) and mRNA (GBP1, NLRP3) levels were significantly elevated following ESWL treatment, highlighting the usefulness of urinary biomarkers in identifying patients at higher risk of developing renal injury after ESWL treatment.
Perinatal outcomes of women with Müllerian anomalies
Authors: Wang Si , Wang Kana , Hu Qing , Liao Hua , Wang Xiaodong , Yu Haiyan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the perinatal outcomes of singleton pregnant women with Müllerian anomalies (MuAs).

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted on singleton pregnant women with MuAs who delivered at the West China Second University Hospital between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2020.

Results
Four hundred fifty-seven cases of MuAs were identified, with an incidence of 0.40%. The most common anomaly was a septate uterus (38.7%). Compared to the control group, the MuAs group had significantly higher incidences of perinatal complications, including preterm deliveries (PTDs) (27.4 vs. 9.8%, P < 0.001), preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) (29.1 vs. 22.5%, P = 0.001), malpresentation (34.4 vs. 5.6%, P < 0.001), abruptio placentae (4.6 vs. 1.2%, P < 0.001), placental accreta/increta (19.7 vs. 11.8%, P < 0.001), and uterine rupture (2.8 vs. 1.6%, P = 0.035). The rates of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF–ET), foetal growth restriction (FGR), and low birth weight were also significantly higher in the MuAs group (8.3 vs. 4.5%, P < 0.001; 2.6 vs. 0.9%, P = 0.001; 3.1 vs. 1.7%, P = 0.033, respectively). In the MuAs group, the incidence of PPROM was high in cases with unicornuate uterus (31.5%), and malpresentation was as high as 42.4 and 37.0% in cases with septate and didelphys uteri, respectively.

Conclusion
The data suggest that pregnancy with MuAs may increase adverse perinatal outcomes, which calls for intensive supervision during pregnancy and delivery to reduce maternal and foetal complications. Individualized considerations should be emphasized according to the different categories of MuAs in pregnancies.
Last-use opacity: a strong safety property for transactional memory with prerelease support
Authors: Siek Konrad , Wojciechowski Paweł T. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTransaction Memory (TM) is a concurrency control abstraction that allows the programmer to specify blocks of code to be executed atomically as transactions. However, since transactional code can contain just about any operation attention must be paid to the state of shared variables at any given time. E.g., contrary to a database transaction, if a TM transaction reads a stale value it may execute dangerous operations, like attempt to divide by zero, access an illegal memory address, or enter an infinite loop. Thus serializability is insufficient, and stronger safety properties are required in TM, which regulate what values can be read, even by transactions that abort. Hence, a number of TM safety properties were developed, including opacity, and TMS1 and TMS2. However, such strong properties preclude using prerelease as a technique for optimizing TM, because they virtually forbid reading from live transactions. On the other hand, properties that do allow prerelease are either not strong enough to prevent any of the problems mentioned above (recoverability), or add additional conditions on transactions that prerelease variables that limit their applicability (elastic opacity, live opacity, virtual world consistency). This paper introduces last-use opacity and strong last-use opacity, a pair of new TM safety properties meant to be a compromise between strong properties like opacity and minimal ones like serializability. The properties eliminate all but a small class of benign inconsistent views and pose no stringent conditions on transactions.
Implementation of Pediatric Flexible-Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing: A Systematic Review and Recommendations for Future Research
Authors: Zang Jana , Kiehn Saskia , Flügel Till , Koseki Jana-Christiane , Nießen Almut , Kim Susan Hyoungeun , Pflug Christina , Nienstedt Julie Cläre 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Although pediatric flexible-endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) has developed into a standard in dysphagia diagnostics, there are no valid protocols and procedures for children available to date.

Objective
This systematic PROSPERO-registered review aimed to identify implementation protocols for pediatric FEES described in research studies, and to analyze them in detail concerning procedural steps, equipment, and reported outcome.

Methods
Included were all studies reporting a pediatric FEES protocol for children aged 0–18 years, if they described at least two criteria defined in advance. The databases MEDLINE and CINHAL were searched systematically from January 2000 to February 2021. Risk of bias for included studies was assessed using the National Institutes of Health (NIH) quality assessment tool for observational cohort and cross-sectional studies. A narrative synthesis of the FEES protocols was conducted and the results compared in tabular form.

Results
In total 22 studies were included, reporting on FEES in 1547 infants, children, and adolescents with a wide range of diagnoses. It was possible to identify protocols related to all age groups in general as well as to particular groups such as breastfed or bottle-fed infants. None of the included studies demonstrated a good methodological quality; all studies had missing data. Uniform implementation for sub-groups could not be determined. The reported outcome of FEES examinations could not be compared.

Discussion
None of the included studies showed good methodological quality and a significant amount of data were missing; the review still offers a systematic basis for future research to close the serious gap in the area of pediatric FEES. A proposal is made for a minimum requirement for pediatric FEES protocols in scientific studies.
Stabilization of arbitrary structures in a doubly degenerate reaction-diffusion system modeling bacterial motion on a nutrient-poor agar
Authors: Winkler Michael 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA no-flux initial-boundary value problem for the doubly degenrate parabolic system $$\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{array}{l} u_t = \nabla \cdot \big ( uv\nabla u\big ) + \ell uv, \\ v_t = \Delta v - uv, \end{array} \right. \qquad \qquad (\star ) \end{aligned}$$

u
t

=
∇
·

(

u
v
∇
u

)

+
ℓ
u
v
,

v
t

=
Δ
v
-
u
v
,

(
⋆
)

is considered in a smoothly bounded convex domain $$\Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^n$$

Ω
⊂

R

n

, with $$n\ge 1$$

n
≥
1

and $$\ell \ge 0$$

ℓ
≥
0

. The first of the main results asserts that for nonnegative initial data $$(u_0,v_0)\in (L^\infty (\Omega ))^2$$

(

u
0

,

v
0

)

∈

(

L
∞

(
Ω
)

)

2

with $$u_0\not \equiv 0$$

u
0

≢
0

, $$v_0\not \equiv 0$$

v
0

≢
0

and $$\sqrt{v_0}\in W^{1,2}(\Omega )$$

v
0

∈

W

1
,
2

(
Ω
)

, there exists a global weak solution (u, v) which, inter alia, belongs to $$C^0(\overline{\Omega }\times (0,\infty )) \times C^{2,1}(\overline{\Omega }\times (0,\infty ))$$

C
0

(

Ω
¯

×

(
0
,
∞
)

)

×

C

2
,
1

(

Ω
¯

×

(
0
,
∞
)

)

and satisfies $$\sup _{t>0} \Vert u(\cdot ,t)\Vert _{L^p(\Omega )}<\infty $$

sup

t
>
0

‖
u

(
·
,
t
)

‖

L
p

(
Ω
)

<
∞

for all $$p\in [1,p_0)$$

p
∈
[
1
,

p
0

)

with $$p_0:=\frac{n}{(n-2)_+}$$

p
0

:
=

n

(
n
-
2
)

+

. It is next seen that for each of these solutions one can find $$u_\infty \in \bigcap _{p\in [1,p_0)} L^p(\Omega )$$

u
∞

∈

⋂

p
∈
[
1
,

p
0

)

L
p

(
Ω
)

such that, within an appropriate topological setting, $$(u(\cdot ,t),v(\cdot ,t))$$

(
u
(
·
,
t
)
,
v
(
·
,
t
)
)

approaches the equilibrium $$(u_\infty ,0)$$

(

u
∞

,
0
)

in the large time limit. Finally, in the case $$n\le 5$$

n
≤
5

a result ensuring a certain stability property of any member in the uncountably large family of steady states $$(u_0,0)$$

(

u
0

,
0
)

, with arbitrary and suitably regular $$u_0:\Omega \rightarrow [0,\infty )$$

u
0

:
Ω
→

[
0
,
∞
)

, is derived. This provides some rigorous evidence for the appropriateness of ($$\star $$
⋆
) to model the emergence of a strikingly large variety of stable structures observed in experiments on bacterial motion in nutrient-poor environments. Essential parts of the analysis rely on the use of an apparently novel class of functional inequalities to suitably cope with the doubly degenerate diffusion mechanism in ($$\star $$
⋆
).
Patients’ and Psychologists’ Preferences for Feedback Reports on Expected Mental Health Treatment Outcomes: A Discrete-Choice Experiment
Authors: Hilhorst Loes , Stappen Jip van der , Lokkerbol Joran , Hiligsmann Mickaël , Risseeuw Anna H. , Tiemens Bea G. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn recent years, there has been an increasing focus on routine outcome monitoring (ROM) to provide feedback on patient progress during mental health treatment, with some systems also predicting the expected treatment outcome. The aim of this study was to elicit patients’ and psychologists’ preferences regarding how ROM system-generated feedback reports should display predicted treatment outcomes. In a discrete-choice experiment, participants were asked 12–13 times to choose between two ways of displaying an expected treatment outcome. The choices varied in four different attributes: representation, outcome, predictors, and advice. A conditional logistic regression was used to estimate participants’ preferences. A total of 104 participants (68 patients and 36 psychologists) completed the questionnaire. Participants preferred feedback reports on expected treatment outcome that included: (a) both text and images, (b) a continuous outcome or an outcome that is expressed in terms of a probability, (c) specific predictors, and (d) specific advice. For both patients and psychologists, specific predictors appeared to be most important, specific advice was second most important, a continuous outcome or a probability was third most important, and feedback that includes both text and images was fourth in importance. The ranking in importance of both the attributes and the attribute levels was identical for patients and psychologists. This suggests that, as long as the report is understandable to the patient, psychologists and patients can use the same ROM feedback report, eliminating the need for ROM administrators to develop different versions.