bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Planar Interferometric Tracking of droplets in evaporating conditions
Authors: Davies Hywel , Talibi Midhat , Ducci Andrea , Parsania Nishant , Balachandran Ramanarayanan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAn effective Lagrangian Planar Interferometric Tracking (PIT) processor is proposed to track the size and path of multiple droplets, with spray droplet diameters (20–150 µm) and volumetric concentrations ($$\approx$$
≈
300 drops/cm$$^3$$

3

) consistent with industrial applications, produced by an ultrasonic atomiser in evaporating conditions. A test facility was developed where liquid droplets are exposed to a temperature gradient in a co-axial air flow, where the outer stream is preheated to the desired temperature (288–550 K). The PIT method builds on a TSI Global Sizing Velocimtery measurement technique and allows to detect, size and follow the path of droplets which were otherwise discarded or mis-analysed by the commercial software. The methodology was first tested under non-evaporating conditions, and multiple sources of errors, some common to most planar interferometric techniques, were identified and their order of magnitude and impact on final droplet measurement assessed. The main source of error is related to the out-of-plane motion of the droplets and the time they spend in the measurement volume. For non-evaporating conditions, measured data can be processed to filter out this source of error. In evaporating conditions, a novel method for assessing the impact of measurement error with respect to droplet evaporation and measurement timescales is defined. The PIT method allowed tracking of individual methanol droplets entrained within an airflow heated to 495 K and determining their size reduction under evaporating conditions. Measured droplet evaporation rates were then compared against those predicted by an iterative evaporation model, and a very good agreement was found between the modelled and measured estimates.
Graphical abstract
Rheumatologische Weiterbildungsstellen in Deutschland
Authors: Pfeil Alexander , Krusche Martin , Proft Fabian , Vossen Diana , Braun Jürgen , Baraliakos Xenofon , Berliner Michael N. , Keyßer Gernot , Krause Andreas , Lorenz Hanns-Martin , Manger Bernhard , Schuch Florian , Specker Christof , Wollenhaupt Jürgen , Voormann Anna , Fleck Martin 
Published: October 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
In den nächsten Jahren gehen viele Haus- bzw. Fachärzt:innen in den Ruhestand. Wie in anderen Disziplinen stellt sich in der Rheumatologie die Frage, ob ausreichend Weiterbildungsstellen zur Verfügung stehen, um das Versorgungsangebot bedarfsgerecht aufrechterhalten bzw. ausweiten zu können. Daher hat die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Rheumatologie (DGRh) ihre Kommission Fort- und Weiterbildung beauftragt, die aktuell zur Verfügung stehenden Weiterbildungsmöglichkeiten in Deutschland zu überprüfen. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Erfassung der Weiterbildungskapazität zur Fachärztin bzw. zum Facharzt für Innere Medizin und Rheumatologie.

Methodik
Im Rahmen dieser Studie erfolgte die Erhebung der Weiterbildungsbefugten, deren Tätigkeitsort und die Dauer von deren Weiterbildungsbefugnis über die Homepages der 17 Landesärztekammern. Basierend auf diesen Daten erfolgte dann eine deutschlandweite Umfrage zu den Weiterbildungsstellen.

Ergebnisse
Die Weiterbildung zum/zur Facharzt/Fachärztin für Rheumatologie erfolgte in Deutschland im Jahr 2021 an 229 Weiterbildungsorten. Dabei standen von 187 Weiterbildungsorten nähere Daten für eine Analyse zur Verfügung (81,7 %). Die Weiterbildungsorte verteilten sich dabei auf Kliniken (52,4 %) und Niederlassungen (47,6 %), wobei der Großteil (81,8 %) der insgesamt 478,4 Weiterbildungsstellen (Klinik: 391,4 und Niederlassung: 87) im Krankenhausbereich lag. Insgesamt waren zum Erhebungszeitpunkt 17,2 % aller Weiterbildungsstellen (Klinik: 11,4 % und Niederlassung: 43,1 %) nicht besetzt.

Diskussion
Die Studie zeigt, dass die meisten Weiterbildungsstellen in klinischen Einrichtungen vorhanden sind. Demgegenüber gibt es im niedergelassenen Bereich vergleichsweise wenige Weiterbildungsstellen, die zudem zur Hälfte nicht besetzt sind. Für eine optimale Nutzung bereits bestehender Weiterbildungskapazitäten müssen sektorübergreifende Weiterbildungskonzepte entwickelt und v. a. muss auch eine eigenständige Vergütung des Weiterbildungsaufwandes etabliert werden. In diesem Kontext muss eine gute rheumatologische Versorgung in ganz Deutschland dauerhaft gewährleistet sein, um den betroffenen ca. 2 Mio. Patienten mit entzündlich rheumatischen Erkrankung gerecht werden zu können.
Pediatric spinal pilocytic astrocytomas form a distinct epigenetic subclass from pilocytic astrocytomas of other locations and diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumours
Authors: Métais Alice , Bouchoucha Yassine , Kergrohen Thomas , Dangouloff-Ros Volodia , Maynadier Xavier , Ajlil Yassine , Carton Matthieu , Yacoub Wael , Saffroy Raphael , Figarella-Branger Dominique , Uro-Coste Emmanuelle , Sevely Annick , Larrieu-Ciron Delphine , Faisant Maxime , Machet Marie-Christine , Wahler Ellen , Roux Alexandre , Benichi Sandro , Beccaria Kevin , Blauwblomme Thomas , Boddaert Nathalie , Chrétien Fabrice , Doz François , Dufour Christelle , Grill Jacques , Debily Marie Anne , Varlet Pascale , Tauziède-Espariat Arnault 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPediatric spinal low-grade glioma (LGG) and glioneuronal tumours are rare, accounting for less 2.8–5.2% of pediatric LGG. New tumour types frequently found in spinal location such as diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumours (DLGNT) have been added to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumours of the central nervous system since 2016, but their distinction from others gliomas and particularly from pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) are poorly defined. Most large studies on this subject were published before the era of the molecular diagnosis and did not address the differential diagnosis between PAs and DLGNTs in this peculiar location. Our study retrospectively examined a cohort of 28 children with LGGs and glioneuronal intramedullary tumours using detailed radiological, clinico-pathological and molecular analysis. 25% of spinal PAs were reclassified as DLGNTs. PA and DLGNT are nearly indistinguishable in histopathology or neuroradiology. 83% of spinal DLGNTs presented first without leptomeningeal contrast enhancement. Unsupervised t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) analysis of DNA methylation profiles showed that spinal PAs formed a unique methylation cluster distinct from reference midline and posterior fossa PAs, whereas spinal DLGNTs clustered with reference DLGNT cohort. FGFR1 alterations were found in 36% of spinal tumours and were restricted to PAs. Spinal PAs affected significantly younger patients (median age 2 years old) than DLGNTs (median age 8.2 years old). Progression-free survival was similar among the two groups. In this location, histopathology and radiology are of limited interest, but molecular data (methyloma, 1p and FGFR1 status) represent important tools differentiating these two mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) altered tumour types, PA and DLGNT. Thus, these molecular alterations should systematically be explored in this type of tumour in a spinal location.
A viscoelastic Mooney–Rivlin model for adhesive curing and first steps toward its calibration based on photoelasticity measurements
Authors: Lengger Michael , Possart Gunnar , Steinmann Paul 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe transition of polymer adhesives from an initially liquid to a fully cured viscoelastic state is accompanied by three phenomenological effects, namely an increase in stiffness and viscosity in conjunction with a decrease in volume (curing shrinkage). Under consideration of these phenomena, some of us (Hossain et al. in Computational Mechanics 46:363-375, 2010) have devised a generic, viscoelastic finite strain framework for the simulation of the curing process of adhesives, which renders a thermodynamically consistent model regardless of the selected free energy density. In the present work, this generic curing framework is modified by means of more precise integration schemes and is applied to a hyperelastic Mooney–Rivlin material based on an additive volumetric-isochoric split of the strain energy density. The benefit of this decomposition is directly related to the distinct material responses of various polymers to volumetric and isochoric deformations [4]. The resulting Mooney–Rivlin curing model provides the foundation for implementing a user-defined material subroutine (UMAT) in Abaqus requiring the Cauchy stress and a non-standard formulation of the tangent operator. To this end, the corresponding transformations are presented. Additionally, a first attempt to determine the evolution of the curing-dependent material parameters through optimization with respect to a photoelasticity measurement is presented. A subset of the material properties, which reflect the emergence of shrinkage stresses inside a ceramic-epoxy composite after its fabrication, is determined via inverse parameter identification. However, due to a lack of experimental data and some rather strong assumptions made on the physics involved, this demonstration can currently be considered only as a proof-of-concept.
Risk of depression mediates the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and academic performance in adolescent boys and girls: DADOS study
Authors: Monzonís-Carda Irene , Adelantado-Renau Mireia , Beltran-Valls Maria Reyes , Moliner–Urdiales Diego 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study aims to analyze the mediating role of risk of depression in the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and academic performance in a sample of adolescents and to test the moderation effect of sex. A total of 263 adolescents (125 girls, 13.9 ± 0.3 years) from the DADOS (Deporte, ADOlescencia y Salud) study were included in the analysis. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed by the 20-m shuttle run test. Academic performance was assessed through the final academic grades and the test of educational abilities. Risk of depression was evaluated through the Behavior Assessment System for Children and Adolescents. Mediation analyses were performed to determine the direct and indirect associations between cardiorespiratory fitness, risk of depression, and academic performance. Indirect effects with confidence intervals not including zero were interpreted as statistically significant, and percentages of mediation were calculated in order to know how much of the association was explained by the mediation. Our findings indicated a significant mediating effect of risk of depression in the association between cardiorespiratory fitness with final grades in math, language, and grade point average (percentages of mediation: 26%, 53%, and 29%, respectively). These analyses were not moderated by sex (all confidence intervals included 0).Conclusion: Risk of depression acts as a possible underlying mechanism in the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and academic grades in adolescents. Educational and health institutions could benefit from our findings since the promotion of higher cardiorespiratory fitness levels might reduce the risk of depression with potential benefits on adolescents’ academic performance.

What is Known:• Cardiorespiratory
fitness is positively associated with academic performance in adolescents.
Nevertheless, the psychological mechanisms underlying this association are
poorly understood.

What is New:• Risk of depression
mediates the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and academic
performance in adolescents, independently of sex.• Our findings may
improve the efficacy of mental health and educational programs by promoting the
enhancement of cardiorespiratory fitness levels, which may reduce risk of depression with potential benefits on academic performance.
Erwartungshorizonte und Möglichkeitsräume
Authors: Küchenhoff Joachim 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungMit den im Titel genannten Begriffen Erwartungshorizont und Möglichkeitsraum werden einige grundlegende Merkmale der psychoanalytischen Kur benannt. Sie dienen als Ausgangspunkte, um Wirkungsweise und Ziel auch der psychoanalytischen Supervision zu umschreiben. Supervision arbeitet an und mit Möglichkeitsräumen und Erwartungshorizonten der Psychotherapie, stellt sie her oder erweitert sie. Der Begriff Supervision wird einer kritischen Revision unterzogen. Die psychodynamischen Faktoren, mit denen in der Supervision umgegangen werden muss, werden dargestellt, vor allem das Übertragungs- und Gegenübertragungsgeschehen in der Supervision selbst, aber auch andere Fallstricke, die Supervisionen gefährden können und auf die zu achten ist. Am Ende steht eine sehr alte chinesische Geschichte, die genutzt wird, um die Rolle der Supervision zu charakterisieren.
Emulation of the control cohort of a randomized controlled trial in pediatric kidney transplantation with Real-World Data from the CERTAIN Registry
Authors: Patry Christian , Sauer Lukas D. , Sander Anja , Krupka Kai , Fichtner Alexander , Brezinski Jolanda , Geissbühler Yvonne , Aubrun Elodie , Grinienko Anna , Strologo Luca Dello , Haffner Dieter , Oh Jun , Grenda Ryszard , Pape Lars , Topaloğlu Rezan , Weber Lutz T. , Bouts Antonia , Kim Jon Jin , Prytula Agnieszka , König Jens , Shenoy Mohan , Höcker Britta , Tönshoff Burkhard 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Randomized controlled trials in pediatric kidney transplantation are hampered by low incidence and prevalence of kidney failure in children. Real-World Data from patient registries could facilitate the conduct of clinical trials by substituting a control cohort. However, the emulation of a control cohort by registry data in pediatric kidney transplantation has not been investigated so far.

Methods
In this multicenter comparative analysis, we emulated the control cohort (n = 54) of an RCT in pediatric kidney transplant patients (CRADLE trial; ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01544491) with data derived from the Cooperative European Paediatric Renal Transplant Initiative (CERTAIN) registry, using the same inclusion and exclusion criteria (CERTAIN cohort, n = 554).

Results
Most baseline patient and transplant characteristics were well comparable between both cohorts. At year 1 posttransplant, a composite efficacy failure end point comprising biopsy-proven acute rejection, graft loss or death (5.8% ± 3.3% vs. 7.5% ± 1.1%, P = 0.33), and kidney function (72.5 ± 24.9 vs. 77.3 ± 24.2 mL/min/1.73 m2P = 0.19) did not differ significantly between CRADLE and CERTAIN. Furthermore, the incidence and severity of BPAR (5.6% vs. 7.8%), the degree of proteinuria (20.2 ± 13.9 vs. 30.6 ± 58.4 g/mol, P = 0.15), and the key safety parameters such as occurrence of urinary tract infections (24.1% vs. 15.5%, P = 0.10) were well comparable.

Conclusions
In conclusion, usage of Real-World Data from patient registries such as CERTAIN to emulate the control cohort of an RCT is feasible and could facilitate the conduct of clinical trials in pediatric kidney transplantation.

Graphical abstract
Unraveling the role of dragon’s blood in the undisturbed growth of dragon trees
Authors: Jura-Morawiec Joanna , Marcinkiewicz Jan , Caujapé-Castells Juli 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Key message
Dragon’s blood secretion is an integral part of the normal development of the leaves and of the tissue protecting the trunk of dragon trees.

Abstract
Dragon’s blood is a common name of a red resin produced in response to wounding by tree-like monocot species of the genus Dracaena (Asparagaceae), known as dragon trees. This resin has important medicinal uses and economic value. However, its ecological significance and mechanism of secretion are understudied. We specifically addressed this knowledge gap through the investigation of leaf shedding, a natural processes in plant development, associated with self-wounding. We aimed to characterize the form of the resin of the Macaronesian (D. draco, D. tamaranae) and Socotran (D. cinnabari) dragon trees, and to explain its role in the development of leaves and of the tissue covering the leafless mature trunks. Based on the NADI test and the analysis of large-area longitudinal sections, we show for the first time that the resin occurs in parenchyma cells in the form of terpene-filled vesicles which tend to aggregate. The resin is an anatomical marker of the area where the leaf’s abscission zone will be formed. After leaf shedding, the resin containing leaf scars completely cover the trunk. This study highlights that dragon’s blood is secreted not only following wounding caused by external biotic and/or abiotic factors, but also in the undisturbed growth of dragon trees.
Direct prediction of genetic aberrations from pathology images in gastric cancer with swarm learning
Authors: Saldanha Oliver Lester , Muti Hannah Sophie , Grabsch Heike I. , Langer Rupert , Dislich Bastian , Kohlruss Meike , Keller Gisela , van Treeck Marko , Hewitt Katherine Jane , Kolbinger Fiona R. , Veldhuizen Gregory Patrick , Boor Peter , Foersch Sebastian , Truhn Daniel , Kather Jakob Nikolas 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Computational pathology uses deep learning (DL) to extract biomarkers from routine pathology slides. Large multicentric datasets improve performance, but such datasets are scarce for gastric cancer. This limitation could be overcome by Swarm Learning (SL).

Methods
Here, we report the results of a multicentric retrospective study of SL for prediction of molecular biomarkers in gastric cancer. We collected tissue samples with known microsatellite instability (MSI) and Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV) status from four patient cohorts from Switzerland, Germany, the UK and the USA, storing each dataset on a physically separate computer.

Results
On an external validation cohort, the SL-based classifier reached an area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) of 0.8092 (± 0.0132) for MSI prediction and 0.8372 (± 0.0179) for EBV prediction. The centralized model, which was trained on all datasets on a single computer, reached a similar performance.

Conclusions
Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of SL-based molecular biomarkers in gastric cancer. In the future, SL could be used for collaborative training and, thus, improve the performance of these biomarkers. This may ultimately result in clinical-grade performance and generalizability.
First-line pembrolizumab ± chemotherapy for recurrent/metastatic head and neck cancer: Japanese subgroup of KEYNOTE-048
Authors: Takahashi Shunji , Oridate Nobuhiko , Tanaka Kaoru , Shimizu Yasushi , Fujimoto Yasushi , Matsumoto Koji , Yokota Tomoya , Yamazaki Tomoko , Takahashi Masanobu , Ueda Tsutomu , Hanai Nobuhiro , Yamaguchi Hironori , Hara Hiroki , Yoshizaki Tomokazu , Yasumatsu Ryuji , Nakayama Masahiro , Shiga Kiyoto , Fujii Takashi , Mitsugi Kenji , Takahashi Kenichi , Nohata Nijiro , Gumuscu Burak , Swaby Ramona F. , Tahara Makato 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundHere, we report the results of the Japanese subgroup of the phase 3 KEYNOTE-048 study of pembrolizumab alone, pembrolizumab plus platinum and 5-fluorouracil (pembrolizumab–chemotherapy), or cetuximab plus platinum and 5-fluorouracil (EXTREME) in previously untreated recurrent/metastatic (R/M) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).MethodsPrimary end points were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Efficacy was evaluated in patients with PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) ≥ 20 and ≥ 1 and the total Japanese subgroup (n = 67).ResultsAt data cutoff (25 February 2019), pembrolizumab led to longer OS versus EXTREME in the PD-L1 CPS ≥ 20 subgroup (median, 28.2 vs. 13.3 months; HR, 0.29 [95% CI 0.09–0.89]) and to similar OS in the total Japanese (23.4 vs. 13.6 months; HR, 0.51 [95% CI 0.25–1.05]) and CPS ≥ 1 subgroups (22.6 vs. 15.8 months; HR, 0.66 [95% CI 0.31–1.41]). Pembrolizumab–chemotherapy led to similar OS versus EXTREME in the PD-L1 CPS ≥ 20 (median, 18.1 vs. 15.8 months; HR, 0.72 [95% CI 0.23–2.19]), CPS ≥ 1 (12.6 vs. 15.8 months; HR, 1.19 [95% CI 0.55–2.58]), and total Japanese subgroups (12.6 vs. 13.3 months; unadjusted HR, 1.10 [95% CI 0.55–2.22]). Median PFS was similar for pembrolizumab and pembrolizumab–chemotherapy versus EXTREME in all subgroups. Grades 3–5 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 5 (22%), 19 (76%), and 17 (89%) patients receiving pembrolizumab, pembrolizumab–chemotherapy, and EXTREME, respectively. One patient receiving pembrolizumab–chemotherapy died because of treatment-related pneumonitis.ConclusionThese results support the use of first-line pembrolizumab and pembrolizumab–chemotherapy for Japanese patients with R/M HNSCC.Clinical trial registryClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02358031.
Status quo der unterschiedlichen Konjunkturbereinigungsverfahren der Länder
Authors: Kasseckert Markus 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungSeit dem Haushaltsjahr 2020 sind die Bundesländer verpflichtet, das Verschuldungsverbot nach Art. 109 (3) GG zu beachten. In diesem Zusammenhang konnten sie sich für ein Konjunkturbereinigungsverfahren entscheiden. Mit Ausnahme von Bayern wenden alle Bundesländer ein solches Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Konjunkturkomponente an. Aus den bisher durchgeführten Verfahren und ermittelten Konjunkturkomponenten lassen sich erste Schlussfolgerungen für mögliche und teilweise notwendige Weiterentwicklungen ziehen.
Gemeinschaftsdiagnose: Energiekrise, Inflation, Rezession und Wohlstandsverlust
Authors: Holtemöller Oliver , Kooths Stefan , Schmidt Torsten , Wollmershäuser Timo 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungDie deutsche Wirtschaft wird von der krisenhaften Zuspitzung auf den Gasmärkten schwer belastet. Die hochgeschnellten Gaspreise erhöhen die Energiekosten drastisch und gehen mit einem massiven gesamtwirtschaftlichen Kaufkraftentzug einher. Dies dämpft nicht nur die noch unvollständige Erholung von der Coronakrise, sondern drückt die deutsche Wirtschaft in die Rezession. Dabei kommen die Institute für den kommenden Winter zu dem Ergebnis, dass bei normalen Witterungsbedingungen keine Gasmangellage eintritt. Dennoch bleibt die Versorgungslage äußerst angespannt. Vor diesem Hintergrund dürfte die Wirtschaftsleistung im dritten Quartal bereits leicht gesunken sein. Im Winterhalbjahr ist aufgrund der steigenden Kosten für Energie, der nachlassenden Konsumnachfrage und der schwächelnden Weltwirtschaft mit einem deutlichen Rückgang zu rechnen.
Streit um Entlastungspaket: Steuersenkungen oder direkte Transfers?
Authors:   ZG Überblick
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungDurch die hohe Inflation profitiert der Staat auf verschiedene Weise, beispielsweise aufgrund der Ausgestaltung des progressiven Steuer- und Transfersystems in nominalen Größen. Einige Maßnahmen zur Entlastung sind bereits in Kraft getreten. Verschiedene weitere Maßnahmen sind angekündigt. Finanzminister Christian Lindner hat nun einen Vorschlag zu Steuerentlastungen gemacht, die einen Umfang von 10 Mrd. haben könnten. Dabei handelt es sich jedoch um eine einmalige ad-hoc-Maßnahme und nicht um eine grundlegende Reform. Ist eine Reform der Einkommensteuer nötig und ist die kalte Progression ein Problem, das beseitigt werden sollte? Oder sind andere Reformen derzeit dringlicher, damit sozial ausgeglichener entlastet werden kann? Wäre ein Pauschaltransfer — wie er im Koalitionsvertrag angelegt ist — effizienter und falls ja, woran scheitert dieser? Welche Einkommensgruppen sollten bei einer Reform besonders entlastet werden?