bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Weighted graphs, spanning tree generating functions and anisotropic lattice systems: illustrative results for the Ising and dimer models
Authors: Portillo M A G , da Luz M G E 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Anisotropic lattice models are mathematically more involved and often phenomenologically richer than the isotropic counterparts. As a consequence, their analyses tend to be considerably more demanding with a smaller number of exact results available. It has been shown that certain important quantities for isotropic statistical physics models on a lattice L can be cast in terms of the spanning tree generating function STGF (a pure combinatorial topological function) of L. A possible way to formulate an anisotropic lattice model is by defining it on a weighted lattice. Very recently (2021 J. Stat. Mech. 073104), it has been speculated that if a STGF could be extended to such lattices, perhaps the previously mentioned association would hold for the anisotropic case as well. Hence, the aim of this contribution is twofold. To properly define and construct a weighted spanning tree generating function wSTGF for general periodic lattices. To show that the free energy for the anisotropic Ising and dimer models can be mapped onto the wSTGF for some particular, but representative, lattice structures. These findings might represent a novel approach to treat such class of problems.
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy monitoring of aluminum alloys laser cleaning process
Authors: Voznesenskaya A A , Gusev D S , Kochuev D A , Polyakova A A , Frolov K A 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The paper considers an approach to monitoring the condition of the treated surface in real time based on the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technique. As a result of the study, the aluminum alloy was cleaned from the plimer coating, spectral analysis was carried out, the relationship between the processing modes and the thickness of the coating being removed was experimentally established, which allows removing the paint coating in one pass without damaging the underlying layers. The optimal spectral range for the control operation, the contrasting spectral lines of the elements that make up the coating, the optimal parameters of laser exposure are determined based on the monitoring data of the spectral signal recorded during laser processing
Experimental determination of the spectral absorption coefficient of a plasma-erosion torch on the surface of carbon-bearing materials
Authors: Galkin A F , Zhirnova S V , Lipatov V M , Shamanskaya E L 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In the work, the spectral coefficient of the plasma-erosion torch on the glassy carbon surface was determined on the basis of the Wien violation law and the experimental determination of the brightness temperature. The possibility of using a micropyrometer to determine the spectral factor can be a plasma-erosion torch, with the help of which (spectral absorption coefficient) it is rather quick to determine the thermodynamic temperature of the plasma-erosion torch.
Fractal model of the surface roughness of laser-induced noble metal nanocluster films
Authors: Bukharov D N , Abramov A S , Nazarenko B S , Halimov N A , Eyoum Essaka S P 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A fractal approach is proposed for modeling the roughness of nanocluster films obtained by laser synthesis. Models based on the mean-point algorithm, Fourier method and Brownian motion are considered. The parameter connecting the results of modeling and experiment is the Hurst exponent. The similarity of the Hurst exponents for experimental samples and model calculations makes it possible to obtain models with properties that are sufficiently adequate to real samples.
The spectral characteristics of plasma-erosion torch on the surface of carbon-bearing materials
Authors: Arakelyan S M , Gadalov A A , Galkin A F , Zhirnova S V , Shamanskaya E L 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The paper obtains spectrograms of the plasma-erosion torch on the surface of the glass carbon in the air and in the vacuum, which allow us to judge the presence of certain particles and their number in the torch depending on the parameters of laser radiation. Experiments have shown that the composition of the plasma-erosion torch in air and in vacuum has a complex structure with different particles, depends on the parameters of laser radiation, which can affect the characteristics and modes of deposition of carbon films.
Tiling with 𝕹
c
_class
Authors: Mohoomed E F , Ibrahim H 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This work is devoted to apply classes of nested chain abacus of tiling in finite regions. a mapping notations for generating an algorithms are presented. The mapping notations are used to move subsets of bead positions as well as empty bead positions after embedding the class of nested chain abacus in finite grid for tiling a rectangle.
f-Hollow modules
Authors: Mohammed Faten Hashim 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In previous research, a concept was presented f –small submodules A submodule L of an R-module W is named f –small if L+X=W and W/X are small-singular, then X=W. In this work, we present a new concept, namely f –hollow modules, an R-module W is f-hollow if every submodule in W is an f-small submodule. This concept is an expansion of Hollow modules. Some characteristics are given in expansion to their relationship to a few of the concepts and the comparability between them is examined.
Solving Partial Differential Equations Using the New Integral Transform “Double SEE Integral Transform”
Authors: Kuffi Emad A , Mansour Eman A 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The immense importance of differential equations and integral transforms in scientific fields leads to inducting the integral transforms as a solving tool for partial differential equations. The “double SEE integral transform” is a novel integral transform suggested in this research. Its properties and applicability to some functions have been studied, and the ability of the proposed transform to solve partial differential equations has been proven through a practical application.
Using Simulation to Estimate Reliability Function for Generalized Inverse Weibull Distribution
Authors: Salih Makki A. Mohammed , Noori Zainab Saddi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we estimating three parameters (α, α, θ) of the generalized inverse Weibull distribution, and the reliability function, by using four estimation methods which are each of Moments (MOM), Modification of Moments (MM), Percentile (PER) and Maximum Likelihood estimation (MLE), the simulation technique was used to generate the random variable for this estimate. Finally, comparisons were made between the obtained results from the estimators using the mean square error. By analyzing the results, the following is revealed:
For the α parameter, it turns out that

α
^

M
M

and

α
^

M
L
E

are better than other estimators, as for the β parameter, the results were shown

β
^

P
E
R

is the best, but the results of θ parameter showed that

θ
^

M
L
E

is the best, and for estimating reliability that

R
^

M
L
E

is the best.
Approximation of Functions in Lp, Cn

(𝕏)-space
Authors: Zaboon Ali Hussein 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This research focused on finding a mathematical space, extending to the Lebesgue spaces, through which it is possible to get the approximation for unbounded functions depending on the fundamental theory of approximation (Korvkein Theorem) using some linear operators Depending on the averaged modulus of smoothness of order k (τ-modulus).
Marquardt Extended Technique for Solving Unconstrained Optimization Problems
Authors: Mahmood Saad Shakir , Eidi Jaafer Hmood , Hassan Haydir Ali 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe objective of this article is to solve the unconstrained optimization problem by using Marquardt method together with MQ-N (modified quasi-Newton) method. The Hessian matrix will be computed numerically by using modified Broyden-Flechert-Goldfarb-Shanno (BFGS) update ( H-version) after convert it to the B-version by using Sherman-Morisson-Woodburge (SMW) formula which guarantee the two important properties SPD (symmetric and positive definite), and hence the exact second derivative of OF (objective function) does not be needed to compute. The line search technique is very important to accelerate the method to terminate at the minimum value of OF, so in this article the line search technique is instead by used the search technique of Marquardt method together with MQ-N method (especially modified BFGS method where the step size is equal one) to solve the unconstrained optimization problem. Test problems are solved by Matlab software to prove the effective of this new technique so called the Marquardt extended technique (MET).
The Exponentiated Gumbel Bayesian Estimation under Singly Type II Censored Data
Authors: Qasim Muslim Abudl-Sattar , Al-Dubaicy Awatif Rezzoky 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this paper, bayes estimators for the shape parameter (θ) of Exponentiated Gumbel distribution have been derived using Singly type II censored data under two priors distributions [Proposed and Chi-square] with two loss functions [Quadratic and De-Groot], and using mean squared error, a simulation study was conducted to evaluate the performance of the four different estimators in six assumption experiments for various parameter values and sample sizes
A Geometric Construction of (Ƙ, r)-cap in PG(3, q) for q prime, 2 ≤q ≤997
Authors: Khalaf Hamid Mohamed , Yahya Nada Yassen Kasm 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The objective of this paper is to designing computer programs to find points, planes, and lines, as well as to find mr(3, q) for the projective space PG(3,q), when q is prime, and a geometric method for constructing of a Complete (Ƙ, r)-cap; when q is prime, 2 ≤ q ≤ 997, r = 2, and found the maximum complete (Ƙ, r)-cap, we took PG(3,17) as an example, where we found a Complete (Ƙ, r)-cap; 2 ≤ r ≤ 18. We found that the maximum complete (Ƙ, r)-cap which is called an ovaloid, exists in PG(3,17) when Ƙ = 67. Moreover the complete (Ƙ,3)-caps, (Ƙ,4)-caps, (Ƙ,5)-caps, (Ƙ,6)-caps, (Ƙ,7)-caps, (Ƙ,8)-caps, (Ƙ,9)-caps, (Ƙ,10)-caps, (Ƙ,11)-caps, (Ƙ,12)-caps, (Ƙ,13)-caps, (Ƙ,14)-caps, (Ƙ,15)-caps, (Ƙ,16)-caps, (Ƙ,17)-cap and (Ƙ,18)-caps in PG(3,17).
C1 C2- symmetric operators for some types of operators
Authors: Dakheel Shireen O. , Ahmed Buthainah A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we give some new properties of C1C2-symmetric operators and discuss some results about these kind of operators. Also, we describe the conditions that a binormal operator becomes normal operator and give necessary and sufficient conditions that C1C2- symmetric operators becomes a binormal operator. Finally, we solve the problem that a binormal operator is not closed under addition.
Fabrication of polymer nanocomposite (PbO and W2O3) for gamma-ray attenuations
Authors: Jabbar Rashid Hashim , Hilal Israa Hadi , Ebrahiem Sameera Ahmed , Abdulsattar Mudar Ahmed , Mutter Mahdi M. , Hashim Sarah Rashid 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
(PbO and W2O3) nanocomposite has been prepared by adding a fixed ratio of PbO nanoparticles about (0.05) wt.% with different concentrations of W2O3 (0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25) wt.% with epoxy 405.thickness of samples is 0.3 cm to use as a protective shield of gamma-ray, structural properties of the samples have been studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Atom Force Microscope (AFM), and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). Gamma-ray is reduced with the increasing of the (PbO and W2O3) concentrations caused by the increasing linear attenuation coefficient.
Physical Properties of PVA:PVP blend reinforced by MWCNT
Authors: Mahmood Hanaa S. , Habubi Nadir F. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), PVA-PVP blend, and reinforced-sample with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were prepared in different proportions by casting technique. X-ray diffraction testing denotes a blending of copolymers and the added CNTs. The FE-SEM images illustrate rubber-like entangled of pure PVA-PVP blend. The MWCNTs of 1% ratio completely imbedded within the polymer and the blend appeared higher compact. The stress-strain curves for PVA-PVP blend sample and samples reinforced with CNTs show that the sample stiffness increased, where the elongation reduced when the carbon nanotube added increased to 1.5 wt% due to the contribution of binding to the added MWCNTs which limits the flexibility of the sample. The sample delivery behaviour greatly affected the charge carriers hopping over the barriers between neighbouring localized states. Increasing the MWCNT contents leads to an increase in the AC conductivity due to the creation of more localized states or by reducing the potential barriers. The dielectric constant (ε1) of the PVA-PVP blend samples decreased with increasing frequency until it reached quasi-constant at higher frequencies. The dielectric constant also decreased with the increase of the carbon nanotube contents. The dielectric loss (ε2) also decreases with frequency. These results demonstrated that the conductivity and dielectric parameters of the copolymer samples strongly depend on frequency and are significantly affected by the proportion of the added MWCNTs.
Production of bioactive MgO nanoparticles via anodic technique
Authors: Abbas M K , Sh Hashim M 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
MgO nanoparticles (MgONps) were prepared by the rapid anodizing method (RBA). The properties of these particles were tested by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM). MgO powder had a polycrystalline structure with a dominant peak (200). MgONps had a spherical shape with a diameter of ~ 30 nm. To test the ability of this material to stimulate bone like apatite, these particles were deposited on a Ti base by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method and then dipped in simulated body fluid (SBF) for one month. The formation of hydroxyapatite (HAp) on MgONps after 30 days was proved through the appearance of several HAp peaks in the XRD pattern of the sample. SEM images showed that HAp was in the form of nanoballs connected to each other. According to the Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) test wt% for Ca and P were 32.8 and 23.3 respectively.
Foreign Object Debris Material Recognition based on Ensemble Learning Algorithm
Authors: Shaker Dina R , Abbas Ayad R 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The material characteristics of foreign Object Debris (FOD) are the essential criteria in determining the extent of an aircraft’s damage. Foreign object debris (FOD) can cause significant accidents and financial losses on airport runways. A new FOD material recognition strategy is proposed in this paper using an ensemble learning algorithm, namely KNN, Adaboost, and Random Forest Tree, to classify FOD images. In addition, this study uses different feature extraction methods like Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Gray-level co-occurrence matrix(GLCM) to extract FOD features. The KNN, Adaboost, and Random Forest Tree precision are 94.20%, 98.9%, and 99.7%, respectively. The dataset that was used has been collected by researchers from several datasets. As a result, the experiment results reveal that the proposed framework is effective and accurate. The results showed that the best classification machine algorithm is Random Forest Tree.
Fusion of DWT as a Novel Approach for Efficient, Secured and Reversible Video Steganography
Authors: Tuieb Munthir Bahir , Mahmood Ali Shakir , Abbas Farah Neamah 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This research is inspired by the constraints of the present video steganography methods and to enhance their performance. It contributes its objective via employing the transforming steps to involve the processing of both cover videos and clandestine information for improving their robustness and security. Consuming a part of every frame as areas of concentration for the hiding procedure, this leads to improve the video imperceptibility resulted from steganography. In view of that, selecting the coefficients for embedding information in the video. Subsequently it adds obstacle in front of intruders to identify the place of the hidden information within frames since they are just covered within such coefficients, this dynamically changes depending on both the video frame and clandestine information, it is essential to save the embedding robustness and security. Converting the cover into a frequency domain like DWT will enhance the steganographic robustness counter to threats.
Effect of CNFs-Ni/LDPE electrode on space charge injection in LDPE insulating layer
Authors: Xing Zhaoliang , Hu Xiangnan , Liu Yujia , Hao Ming , Zhang Chong , Hao Chuncheng , Lei Qingquan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The accumulation of space charge is considered to be an important key factor to accelerate the aging of the insulation of HVDC cables. How to reduce the accumulation of space charge in the insulation layer is an urgent problem to improve the voltage level of cables. In this paper, an approach is presented to prevent charge from the inner semiconductive layer to the insulating layer, using a modified semiconductive compound by doping magnetic carbon nanofibers. Through microwave-assisted heating, Ni was deposited on the surface of carbon nanofibers which have been pre-treated. Modified semiconductive compound electrodes was used to test the injection of charges. The results showed that charge injected into LDPE insulting layerwith modified CNFs-Ni/ LDPE electrode is less than that with LDPE semiconductive layer without CNFs-Ni electrode.
A 13 Gbps 1:16 deserializer ASIC for NICA multi purpose detector project
Authors: Chen Q. , Guo D. , Zhao C. , Guo Z. , Arteche R. , Ceballos C. , Fang N. , Gan Y. , Murin Y. , Yi L. , Sun X. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper presents the design and test results of a 13 Gbps 1:16 deserializer ASIC fabricated in a 55 nm CMOS technology for Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) Multi Purpose Detector (MPD) project. The deserializer would be used in the downlink data transmission of MPD readout system to recover the serial data from the back-end to the parallel data for the front-end. The ASIC adopts a tree-type structure, consisting of a high-speed data receiver (RXDATA), a high-speed clock receiver (RXCLK), four levels of demultiplexer (DEMUX) modules, clock dividers and 16 Low-Voltage Differential Signaling (LVDS) drivers. The demultiplexer modules are composed of different numbers of high-speed DEMUX unit and low-speed DEMUX unit. The high-speed DEMUX unit and the high-frequency clock divider adopt an optimized compressed current mode logic (CML) differential structure to ensure the bandwidth with limited voltage headroom. The low-speed DEMUX unit and the low-frequency clock divider use CMOS latch to save power consumption. The duty cycle correction (DCC) circuit and the clock aligner are employed in the clock paths to ensure the correct duty cycle and aligned clock edges. In the chip test, the ASIC receives 13 Gbps serial data and outputs 16 channels of 812.5 Mbps data correctly with wide-open eye diagram. The tested power consumption is 203 mA with 1.2 V power supply including the RXDATA, the RXCLK and the 16 channels of LVDS drivers, and the core power consumption is 122.7 mA.
Grid ionization chamber based on stainless steel woven wire mesh
Authors: Li Meng , He Zhoubo , Xiao Chaoyuan , Qiu Tianli , Yang Yuansheng , Ma Peng , Lu Chengui , Wei Xianglun , Hu Rongjiang , Duan Limin , Yang Herun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The grid electrode of the grid ionization chamber (GIC) is
devoted to eliminating the dependence of the anode pulse amplitude
on the initial position and orientation of the ionization. The
traditional methods of grid production require cumbersome processes
and advanced instruments. In this paper, a bonded stainless steel
woven wire mesh (SSWWM) grid electrode manufacturing method is
proposed. Compared with the traditional grid electrode, the SSWWM
grid features the advantages of simple fabrication, low cost, and
high mechanical strength. The energy resolutions of the 40-mesh,
60-mesh and 80-mesh SSWWM grids and orthogonal mesh grid realized by
the traditional wire winding method were tested using an 241Am
source (around 5.486 MeV). The results show that the optimum energy
resolution of the SSWWM and orthogonal mesh grids is approximately
47 keV full width at half-maximum (FWHM). The optimal energy
resolutions of the 40-mesh and 60-mesh SSWWM grids are comparable,
but the initial operating voltages corresponding to the energy
resolution plateau are different, mainly because of the effect of
the different geometric parameters of the SSWWM grid on the electron
transmittance. A simulation program was used to study the electron
transmittance of the SSWWM grid. The simulation results are in
agreement with the experimental results, indicating that the
simulation program can be used as a reference for the selection of
the geometric parameters of the SSWWM grid.
4D printing: a cutting-edge platform for biomedical applications
Authors: Afzali Naniz Moqaddaseh , Askari Mohsen , Zolfagharian Ali , Afzali Naniz Mehrdad , Bodaghi Mahdi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Nature’s materials have evolved over time to be able to respond to environmental stimuli by generating complex structures that can change their functions in response to distance, time, and direction of stimuli. A number of technical efforts are currently being made to improve printing resolution, shape fidelity, and printing speed to mimic the structural design of natural materials with three-dimensional printing. Unfortunately, this technology is limited by the fact that printed objects are static and cannot be reshaped dynamically in response to stimuli. In recent years, several smart materials have been developed that can undergo dynamic morphing in response to a stimulus, thus resolving this issue. Four-dimensional (4D) printing refers to a manufacturing process involving additive manufacturing, smart materials, and specific geometries. It has become an essential technology for biomedical engineering and has the potential to create a wide range of useful biomedical products. This paper will discuss the concept of 4D bioprinting and the recent developments in smart materials, which can be actuated by different stimuli and be exploited to develop biomimetic materials and structures, with significant implications for pharmaceutics and biomedical research, as well as prospects for the future.