bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chronic pain after colon cancer surgery: Translation and validation of a scoring system
Authors: Alharbi Reem A. , Elfeki Hossam , Emmertsen Katrine J. , Mortensen Alexander R , Drewes Asbjørn M. , Christensen Peter , Laurberg Søren , Juul Therese 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to translate and validate the chronic pain score (CP score) in a cohort of colon cancer patients. Chronic pain following colon cancer surgery is still poorly understood, in particular the lack of a validated tool for measuring chronic pain is a major issue as such an instrument is critical for evaluating the incidence and risk factors. The CP score was created using data from Danish rectal cancer patients.MethodsDanish colorectal cancer survivors diagnosed between 2001 and 2014 completed the CP score and two quality of life (QoL) measures. Clinical data were obtained from a national database. Convergent validity was investigated by testing the association of the CP score with a single ad hoc QoL item and the EORTC QLQ‐C30, and discriminative validity was tested as the score's ability to differentiate between gender and age groups. Sensitivity and specificity were evaluated by determining the ability of the score to identify patients with a major impact of pain on QoL.ResultsResponses from 7127 colon cancer were included. Convergent validity was confirmed, as the score was associated with both QoL measures (p < 0.001). Moreover, the score could differentiate between males/females and older/younger patients (p < 0.001, respectively), reflecting high discriminative validity. Finally, the score was able to identify patients with a major impact on QoL, with a sensitivity of 87% and specificity of 82%.ConclusionThe CP score is a valid tool for measuring chronic pain after colon cancer surgery and should be used to homogenize outcomes in future studies.
Manufacturing‐dependent change in biological activity of the TLR4 agonist GSK1795091 and implications for lipid A analog development
Authors: Steeghs Neeltje , Hansen Aaron R. , Hanna Glenn J. , Garralda Elena , Park Haeseong , Strauss James , Adam Michael , Campbell Gossett , Carver Jennifer , Easton Rachael , Mays Katherine , Skrdla Peter , Struemper Herbert , Washburn Michael L. , Matheny Christopher , Piha‐Paul Sarina A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA phase I trial (NCT03447314; 204686) evaluated the safety and efficacy of GSK1795091, a Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) agonist, in combination with immunotherapy (GSK3174998 [anti‐OX40 monoclonal antibody], GSK3359609 [anti‐ICOS monoclonal antibody], or pembrolizumab) in patients with solid tumors. The primary endpoint was safety; other endpoints included efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics (PD). Manufacturing of GSK1795091 formulation was modified during the trial to streamline production and administration, resulting in reduced PD (cytokine) activity. Fifty‐four patients received GSK1795091 with a combination partner; 32 received only the modified GSK1795091 formulation, 15 received only the original formulation, and seven switched mid‐study from the original to the modified formulation. Despite the modified formulation demonstrating higher systemic GSK1795091 exposure compared with the original formulation, the transient, dose‐dependent elevations in cytokine and chemokine concentrations were no longer observed (e.g., IP‐10, IL10, IL1‐RA). Most patients (51/54; 94%) experienced ≥1 treatment‐emergent adverse event (TEAE) during the study. Safety profiles were similar between formulations, but a higher incidence of TEAEs associated with immune responses (chills, fatigue, pyrexia, nausea, and vomiting) were observed with the original formulation. No conclusions can be made regarding GSK1795091 anti‐tumor activity due to the limited data collected. Manufacturing changes were hypothesized to have caused the change in biological activity in this study. Structural characterization revealed GSK1795091 aggregate size in the modified formulation to be twice that in the original formulation, suggesting a negative correlation between GSK1795091 aggregate size and PD activity. This may have important clinical implications for future development of structurally similar compounds.
Empagliflozin reduces cardiorenal events, healthcare resource use and mortality in Sweden compared to dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors: Real world evidence from the NordicEMPRISEstudy
Authors: Nyström Thomas , Toresson Grip Emilie , Gunnarsson Joel , Casajust Paula , Karlsdotter Kristina , Skogsberg Josefin , Ustyugova Anastasia ,   EMPRISE Study Group
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimsTo evaluate effectiveness and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) of empagliflozin versus dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors (DPP‐4i) in Swedish clinical practice, as part of the EMPRISE EU study (EUPAS27606, NCT03817463).Materials and MethodsA non‐interventional, cohort study using retrospectively collected data from Swedish national registries. Adults with type 2 diabetes newly initiated on empagliflozin or DPP‐4i from May 2014 to December 2018 were matched 1:1 using propensity scores based on >180 covariates. Cardiovascular outcomes included hospitalization for heart failure (HHF), all‐cause mortality (ACM), myocardial infarction (MI), stroke and cardiovascular mortality (CVM), as well as their composite outcomes. Renal outcomes included end‐stage renal disease (ESRD), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline to <60 ml/min/1.73 m2and progression to micro/macroalbuminuria. HCRU outcomes were also assessed. Comparisons were done using Cox proportional hazards and Poisson regression models.ResultsOverall, 15,785 matched‐pairs were identified, with a mean follow‐up of 6.4 and 9.7 months for patients initiating empagliflozin versus DPP‐4i, respectively. Empagliflozin was associated with significant reduction in rates of HHF (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.67; 95% confidence interval: 0.49‐0.91), ACM (HR = 0.53; 0.41‐0.68), HHF + ACM (HR = 0.59; 0.48‐0.73), MI + stroke + ACM (HR = 0.68; 0.57‐0.81), CVM (HR = 0.46; 0.29‐0.73), HHF + CVM (HR = 0.61; 0.47‐0.79) and MI + stroke + CVM (HR = 0.79; 0.63‐0.98) versus DPP‐4i. Empagliflozin also reduced the rates of ESRD (HR = 0.13; 0.03‐0.57) and eGFR decline (HR = 0.83; 0.70‐0.99). Regarding HCRU, empagliflozin was associated with lower risk of first inpatient stay (HR = 0.87; 0.81‐0.93), and lower rate of inpatient and outpatient visits (rate ratio [RR] = 0.85; 0.80‐0.89 and RR = 0.96; 0.94‐0.98) than DPP‐4i.ConclusionsEmpagliflozin treatment compared to DPP‐4i reduced cardiorenal events and overall mortality, which may explain lower HCRU among empagliflozin users in Sweden.
Comparison of pan‐immune‐inflammation value with other inflammation markers of long‐term survival afterST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Murat Bektas , Murat Selda , Ozgeyik Mehmet , Bilgin Muzaffer 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundAtherosclerosis is a process that causes coronary artery disease and is associated with the inflammatory response. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association of Pan‐Immune‐Inflammation Value (PIV) with in‐hospital and long‐term mortality in STEMI patients.MethodsA total of 658 patients who were admitted to the emergency department of two tertiary centers with the diagnosis of STEMI and underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) between 2018 and 2022 were retrospectively enrolled. PIV and other inflammation parameters were compared for the study population. The primary outcome was one‐year all‐cause of mortality.ResultsThe mean age was 58.7 ± 17.1 years and 507 (76.9%) were male. The mean duration of the follow‐up was 18.8 ± 8.5 months (median 18.9 months). PIV was superior to the neutrophil‐lymphocyte ratio, platelet‐lymphocyte ratio, and systemic immune‐inflammation index for the prediction of primary and secondary outcomes in STEMI.ConclusionOur study reveals that PIV is a better predictor of mortality in STEMI patients. Prospective studies are needed to validate this biomarker.
Lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) otoliths indicate effects of climate and lake morphology on growth patterns in Arctic lakes
Authors: Torvinen Eric S. , Falke Jeffrey A. , Arp Christopher D. , Jones Benjamin M. , Whitman Matthew S. , Zimmerman Christian E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractClimate change is occurring rapidly in the Arctic, and an improved understanding of the response of aquatic biota and ecosystems will be important for this data‐limited region. Here, we applied biochronology techniques and mixed‐effects modelling to assess relationships among growth increments found on lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) otoliths (N = 49) captured from 13 lakes on the Arctic Coastal Plain of northern Alaska, observed and modelled climate patterns, and individual‐level fish and lake characteristics. We found that annual growth varied by year, fish growth slowed significantly as individuals aged, and females grew faster than males. Lake trout had higher growth in flow‐through lakes relative to lakes that were perennially or seasonally connected. Annual growth was positively correlated with observed air temperature measurements from a local weather station for the period 1998–2014, but no clear warming trend was evident for this period. Modelled August air temperatures from 1978–2014 predicted lake trout annual growth (root mean squared error = 0.045 mm) and indicated increasing temperatures and annual lake trout growth over the period 1950–2014. This study demonstrated that biochronology techniques can reconstruct recent climate patterns and provide a better understanding of trends in Arctic lake ecosystems under a changing climate.
Emergence of the physiological effects of elevated CO2 on land–atmosphere exchange of carbon and water
Authors: Zhan Chunhui , Orth René , Migliavacca Mirco , Zaehle Sönke , Reichstein Markus , Engel Jan , Rammig Anja , Winkler Alexander J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractElevated atmospheric CO2 (eCO2) influences the carbon assimilation rate and stomatal conductance of plants, thereby affecting the global cycles of carbon and water. Yet, the detection of these physiological effects of eCO2 in observational data remains challenging, because natural variations and confounding factors (e.g., warming) can overshadow the eCO2 effects in observational data of real‐world ecosystems. In this study, we aim at developing a method to detect the emergence of the physiological CO2 effects on various variables related to carbon and water fluxes. We mimic the observational setting in ecosystems using a comprehensive process‐based land surface model QUINCY to simulate the leaf‐level effects of increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations and their century‐long propagation through the terrestrial carbon and water cycles across different climate regimes and biomes. We then develop a statistical method based on the signal‐to‐noise ratio to detect the emergence of the eCO2 effects. The eCO2 effect on gross primary productivity (GPP) emerges at relatively low CO2 increase (∆[CO2] ~ 20 ppm) where the leaf area index is relatively high. Compared to GPP, the eCO2 effect causing reduced transpiration water flux (normalized to leaf area) emerges only at relatively high CO2 increase (∆[CO2] >> 40 ppm), due to the high sensitivity to climate variability and thus lower signal‐to‐noise ratio. In general, the response to eCO2 is detectable earlier for variables related to the carbon cycle than the water cycle, when plant productivity is not limited by climatic constraints, and stronger in forest‐dominated rather than in grass‐dominated ecosystems. Our results provide a step toward when and where we expect to detect physiological CO2 effects in in‐situ flux measurements, how to detect them and encourage future efforts to improve the understanding and quantification of these effects in observations of terrestrial carbon and water dynamics.
Twice versus thrice weekly hemodialysis: A systematic review
Authors: Moorman Danielle , Pilkey Nathan G. , Goss Chloe J. , Holden Rachel M. , Welihinda Hasitha , Kennedy Claire , Halliday Sandra M. , White Christine A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionThrice weekly hemodialysis (HD) is currently the norm in high income countries but there is mounting interest in twice weekly HD in certain settings. We performed this systematic review to summarize the available evidence comparing twice to thrice weekly HD.MethodsA systematic literature search was performed in Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials to identify cohort and randomized controlled trials evaluating outcomes of twice versus thrice weekly HD. The bibliographies of identified studies were hand searched to find any additional studies. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale for observational studies.FindingsNo randomized controlled trials and 21 cohort studies were identified. Overall study quality was modest with high risk of selection bias and inadequate controlling for confounders. The most commonly evaluated outcome measures were survival and residual kidney function. No studies assessed quality of life. Study results were variable and there was no clear signal for overwhelming risk or benefit of twice versus thrice weekly HD with the exception of residual kidney function which consistently showed slower decline in the twice weekly group.DiscussionThere is a paucity of high quality data comparing the risks and benefits of twice vs thrice weekly HD. Randomized controlled trial evidence is required to inform clinicians and HD prescription guidelines.
Solidification pressures and ages recorded in mafic microgranular enclaves and their host granite: An example of the world's youngest Kurobegawa granite
Authors: Suzuki Kota , Kawakami Tetsuo , Sueoka Shigeru , Yamazaki Ayu , Kagami Saya , Yokoyama Tatsunori , Tagami Takahiro 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSolidification pressures and ages of mafic microgranular enclaves (MMEs) and their host granite were determined and compared based on Al‐in‐hornblende geobarometry and U–Pb zircon dating in two sample localities in the Kurobegawa Granite. In sample KRG19‐A03 from the middle unit of the pluton, the MME and the host granite yielded 0.18 ± 0.03 to 0.24 ± 0.04 GPa and 0.16 ± 0.03 to 0.23 ± 0.04 GPa, respectively. The MME and the host granite of sample KRG19‐B08b from the lower unit, respectively, yielded 0.12 ± 0.02 to 0.21 ± 0.03 GPa and 0.13 ± 0.02 to 0.18 ± 0.03 GPa. In each sample locality, the estimated solidification pressures of the MME and its host granite overlap. The weighted mean ages were calculated as 0.775 ± 0.045 Ma and 0.831 ± 0.055 Ma for the MME and the host granite of KRG19‐A03, respectively. The MME and the host granite of KRG19‐B08b, respectively, yielded 0.672 ± 0.033 Ma and 0.735 ± 0.042 Ma. The ages for MMEs tend to be younger than the host granites, although they overlap within uncertainty. Zircon commonly occurs as the matrix minerals in both lithologies, meanwhile, zircon also occurs as early phases in plagioclase cores only in the host granites. Such differences in mode of occurrence of zircon suggest that the age variation reflects the differences in timing of zircon crystallization between the lithologies. Therefore, the MMEs record the same solidification pressures as the host granites and better represent the final solidification timing of the pluton. From these data of the MMEs, an average exhumation rate of each sample locality was estimated as 7.1–14.5 mm/year (KRG19‐A03) and 5.5–14.4 mm/year (KRG19‐B08b). These exhumation rates are much larger than that of the ca. 5.6–5.2 Ma Shiaidani Granodiorite (0.93–2.5 mm/year), implying that drastic change of the exhumation rate took place between ca. 5.2 Ma and ca. 0.83 Ma.
Consumer biases in the perception of organizational greed
Authors: Arango Luis , Singaraju Stephen Pragasam , Niininen Outi , D'Souza Clare 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article extends current models of how consumers judge or perceive organizations as greedy using the theoretical framework of motivated moral reasoning. We show that inherent features of an organization (size and ‘black sheep’ status) and its behaviour (relative frequency) bias consumer perceptions of organizational greed. We use an experimental methodology, present subjects with vignettes describing different scenarios, validate our questionnaire using confirmatory factor analysis, and test our hypotheses using a general linear model with covariates. Our findings suggest that consumer perceptions of organizational greed are subject to three effects: the underdog effect (Study 1,n = 496), the black sheep effect (Study 2,n = 229) and the ‘common is moral’ heuristic (Study 3,n = 249). This is the first study to investigate greed under a motivated reasoning paradigm and to show that perceptions of organizational greed are subject to socio‐psychological biases. This study also provides advice on branding and positioning strategies that appeal to the underdog status of an organization or its local origins.
Exploring the role of communication in missed nursing care: A systematic review
Authors: He Meng , Zhu Xiangning , Dong Yueyang , Zhang Shuang , Fang Shuyan , Wang Wenxia , Zhang Mengting , Sun Jiao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimsTo systematically review the literature on relationships between communication issues and missed nursing care.DesignSystematic review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses 2020 Statement.Data SourcesEMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL, PubMed and Cochrane databases were comprehensively searched from inception to December 2021.Review MethodsScreening, data extraction and initial quality assessment were conducted independently by two reviewers. The JBI quality assessment tool was used for study appraisal and the certainty of evidence was assessed using the five Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria. Discrepancies were settled by consulting a third researcher.ResultsA total of 18 articles were included. Missed nursing care was common and the status of communication was not optimistic in clinical. Nurses' sociodemographic characteristics and work environment both influenced missed nursing care and communication. Intrateam communication included three parts: doctors‐nurses communication, nurses‐nurses communication and nurses‐patients communication, poor intrateam communication could contribute to missed nursing care. There was an interaction between missed nursing care and communication.ConclusionPromoting efficient intrateam communication, to acknowledge the importance of communication factors in reducing the incidence of missed nursing care in clinics is required. Future research can explore the impact of the internal dimension of communication on missed nursing care and consider interventions aimed at nurses' effective communication.Impact

What problem did the study address?

This study offers new evidence that the impact of intrateam communication on missed nursing care.

What were the main findings?
Effective intrateam communication can reduce the incidence of missed nursing care, there is mutual influence between communication and missed nursing care.

Where and on whom will the research have an impact?
Policymakers can provide positive interventions on communication problems in different populations (e.g. nurses−patients, nurses−nurses and doctors−nurses) to provide high‐quality patient care.
Facilitating learning in immersive virtual reality: Segmentation, summarizing, both or none?
Authors: Klingenberg Sara , Fischer Rachel , Zettler Ingo , Makransky Guido 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionThis study investigates the effectiveness of the segmentation principle from the cognitive theory of multimedia learning as well as the effectiveness of the generative learning strategy of summarization in immersive virtual reality (IVR) within a sample of preadolescents. Although previous research has supported the effectiveness of these instructional methods in multimedia learning, it remains unclear whether segmentation, summarization or the combination of both are superior to a stand‐alone IVR lesson in facilitating learning.MethodsTo address this gap, 190 sixth to seventh grade students learned about the human body in an IVR lesson. Students were randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions: (a) an IVR lesson divided into four segments (segmentation condition); (b) an IVR lesson, where students summarized after the entire lesson (summarizing condition); (c) an IVR lesson presented in four segments, where students summarized after each segment (combined condition); and (d) an IVR lesson without any manipulation (control condition).ResultsResults indicated that, compared to the control condition, adding segmentation or summarization to an IVR lesson leads to better transfer, but not to acquiring more factual knowledge. Combining the two methods did not improve learning.ConclusionThe findings support the evidence that choosing appropriate instructional methods for IVR lessons can foster transfer.
LncRNA ALKBH3‐AS1 enhances ALKBH3 mRNA stability to promote hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation and invasion
Authors: Lu Qiliang , Wang Hao , Lei Xiangxiang , Ma Qiancheng , Zhao Jie , Sun Wen , Guo Cheng , Huang Dongsheng , Xu Qiuran 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are confirmed as the key regulators of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurrence and progression, but the role of AlkB homologue 3 antisense RNA 1 (ALKBH3‐AS1) in HCC is unclear. We revealed the overexpression of ALKBH3‐AS1 in HCC tissues. The upregulated levels of ALKBH3‐AS1 were observed in HCC cells. ALKBH3‐AS1 was expressed in the nucleus and cytoplasm of HCC cells. The high ALKBH3‐AS1 expression was markedly associated with a decreased survival rate of HCC patients. ALKBH3‐AS1 knockdown repressed and ALKBH3‐AS1 overexpression enhanced HCC cell invasion and proliferation. ALKBH3‐AS1 silencing restricted HCC growth in vivo. A significant positive correlation between ALKBH3‐AS1 and ALKBH3 mRNA levels was confirmed in HCC specimens. ALKBH3‐AS1 silencing reduced ALKBH3 expression by stabilizing its mRNA stability in HCC cells. Notably, the impact of ALKBH3 silencing on HCC cells was similar to that of ALKBH3‐AS1 knockdown. ALKBH3 restoration prominently attenuated the suppressive effects resulting from ALKBH3‐AS1 silencing in HCCLM3 cells. Hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α) transcriptionally activated ALKBH3‐AS1 expression in hypoxic HCC cells. ALKBH3‐AS1 knockdown markedly attenuated cell proliferation and invasion in hypoxic Huh7 cells. Collectively, HIF‐1α‐activated ALKBH3‐AS1 exerted an oncogenic role by enhancing ALKBH3 mRNA stability in HCC cells.
What to Do with the ECB's Secondary Mandate
Authors: van ‘t Klooster Jens , de Boer Nik 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe ECB's secondary mandate requires it to support broader economic policies by and in the EU. How should the ECB deal with its many, potentially conflicting, objectives? To answer that question, this article combines normative and legal analysis with new archival sources, as well as analysis of ECB speeches and documents. A more important role for its secondary mandate fits well with the new, more political role of the ECB. However, the requirements that the legal text imposes on the ECB are paradoxical. While strictly binding, the secondary mandate is also highly indeterminate, and the ECB lacks the democratic legitimacy and legal competence to develop its own policies for pursuing the secondary objectives. To resolve this paradoxical situation, we propose that the specification of the ECB's secondary objectives should take place via high‐level coordination with the political institutions of the EU.