bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leukemic Optic Neuropathy
Authors: Verma Ritesh , Gidwal Kriti , Kakkar Shruti , Selhi Pavneet K. , Verma Amita S. 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Leukemic infiltration of the optic nerve is a neuro-oncologic emergency and also a sign of extramedullary central nervous system relapse. It presents a clinical dilemma in the early stages due to multiple differentials. Patients with leukemia receive radiation and chemotherapy are thus, susceptible to inflammatory, toxic, and infectious causes of optic neuropathy, besides infiltration with tumor cells.

Clinical Description:
A 15-year-old boy treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and in remission for 7 months, presented with the unilateral decreased vision for 7 days. A structured evaluation was done, comprising visual acuity, color vision, field of vision, fundus, ophthalmoscopy, ultrasound b-scan, and magnetic resonance imaging of the orbit. The final diagnosis was leukemic infiltration of the optic nerve. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis confirmed the presence of atypical lymphocytes.

Management:
The patient was diagnosed with extramedullary relapse of ALL. Since there are no standard guidelines, a literature review was performed, and the treating team decided to start the patient on stand-alone chemotherapy. Symptomatic resolution became apparent within 10 days. On follow-up, the optic nerve lesion resolved with residual gliosis in the surrounding retina. The CSF has become clear, and the patient is now considered to be in remission.

Conclusion:
It is important to use a structured clinical approach coupled with investigations to recognize the ocular involvement of ALL (especially in younger patients). There is a need for a regular routine ophthalmological examination in patients in remission for early detection of a relapse. There is a strong felt need for pediatric hemato-oncologists to plan research in this area to generate data so that recommendations for the management of extramedullary relapses are formulated.
An Unusual Cause of Recurrent Pneumonia in a Child
Authors: Madhusudan Manoj , Ramesh Venkateswari , Manikavasagam Singaravelu 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Recurrent pneumonia is defined as at least two episodes of pneumonia in a year or three episodes during a lifetime, with clinical and radiological improvement in between.

Clinical Description:
A 5-year and 8-month-old boy presented with a history of three episodes of fever and fast breathing of variable duration over 8 months. In between, he had a persistent moist cough with intermittent fever, weight loss, and darkening pigmentation. He had three prior admissions for the same, with X-rays showing multilobar pneumonia. Routine investigations were normal. Tuberculosis workup was negative. Computerized tomography showed changes in consolidation without any evidence of structural abnormality. The child became asymptomatic with short courses of antibiotics and nebulization during these admissions. He was referred to us for further evaluation, and we reviewed his history, examination, and medical records.

Management:
The darkened complexion was suggestive of Addisonian pigmentation, but serum electrolytes were normal. However, very low levels of morning cortisol and high adrenocorticotrophic hormone were suggestive of adrenal insufficiency. Retrospective history revealed dysphagia with nocturnal cough suggesting aspiration. Barium swallow confirmed achalasia by the presence of a dilated esophagus with distal narrowing. The clinical phenotype was suggestive of Triple A (AAA) syndrome with Addison's disease, alacrimia, and achalasia. A positive Schirmer's test confirmed alacrimia and established the clinical diagnosis. He was started on replacement hydrocortisone and later taken up for Laparoscopic Heller Myotomy with fundoplication. On follow-up, his appetite improved, his cough subsided, he had adequate weight gain, and the pigmentation had decreased.

Conclusion:
Achalasia should be considered a differential in recurrent pneumonia. AAA syndrome has isolated glucocorticoid deficiency. Therefore, hyperpigmentation in the presence of normal electrolytes should not preclude considering the possibility of adrenal insufficiency.
Computerized tomography-based first order tumor texture features in non-small cell lung carcinoma treated with concurrent chemoradiation: A simplistic and potential surrogate imaging marker for survival
Authors: Nayak Prashant , Sinha Shwetabh , Goda Jayant S. , Sahu Arpita , Joshi Kishore , Choudhary Oindrilla Roy , Mhatre Ritesh , Mummudi Naveen , Agarwal Jai Prakash 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
This study examines the role of tumor texture on computed tomography (CT) images as a complement to clinical prognostic factors in predicting survival in patients of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) treated with radical chemo-radiation (CRT).

Methods:
A total of 93 patients with confirmed NSCLC treated with CRT accrued in a study approved by the institutional ethics committee were analyzed for CT-based radiomic features. Pretreatment CT images were used to contour the primary tumor and texture features were computed by the image filtration method to differentially highlight fine to coarse textures. Texture parameters included mean intensity, entropy, kurtosis, standard deviation, and mean positive pixel and skewness. Optimal threshold cut-off values of the above tumor texture features were analyzed. These features were explored as imaging biomarkers to predict survival using Kaplan–Meier and Cox proportional hazard model.

Results:
Median follow-up of the entire cohort was 23.5 months [Interquartile range, IQR: 14–37] while for alive patients, median follow-up was 31 months (IQR: 23–49), 47 (50.6%) patients had died at the last follow-up. Univariate analysis revealed certain features like age, gender, response to therapy, and texture features like mean and kurtosis in CT images to be significant predictors of survival. In multivariate analysis, age (P = 0.006), gender (P = 0.004), treatment response (P < 0.0001), and two CT texture parameters: mean (P = 0.027) and kurtosis (P = 0.002) were independent prognostic factors of survival.

Interpretation and Conclusion:
CT-derived tumor heterogeneity (mean and kurtosis) complements clinical factors for predicting survival in NSCLC patients treated with CRT. Tumor radiomics warrants further validation as potential prognostic biomarkers for these patients.
Breast Cancer Knowledge and Screening Practices Among Female Nurses in a Tertiary Hospital in North Central, Nigeria
Authors: Abiodun Adekunle Adedapo , Abiodun Joy Anastasia , Eletta Adewale E. , Gomna Alexander , Adekanye Adedeji O. , Okunoye-M Yemisi , Abdullahi B. Suleiman , Okinbaloye Sunday A. , Abdulrahman Taofeeq , Yusuf Alfa , Rotimi Bosede 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Breast cancer is a global burden and has become a major public health concern. Early diagnosis through screening is the best way to achieve cure, reduce morbidity and mortality from breast cancer. Many of the women in this environment have little or no knowledge about breast cancer and the attitude and orientation of health-care professional are important determinants of the use of breast screening program. Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the knowledge and practice of breast cancer screening among female nurses in the Bida, Niger state.

Materials and Methods:
This study was a cross-sectional conducted among female nurses in Federal Medical Centre, Bida, between May and August 2021. The questionnaire contained 20 questions on the knowledge of breast cancer. Each correct answer had a score of 1 and 0 for an incorrect answer or “don't know.” The overall score was calculated for each respondent by summing up the symptom and risk score. It was graded as 0–9 = Poor and 10–20 = Good. Data collected were analyzed by computer analysis using the SPSS version 25.

Results:
A total of 150 female nurses participated in the study with mean age of 41.7 ± 8.1 years. Overall assessment of the respondent's knowledge of breast cancer revealed that 112 (74.7%) of them had good knowledge and 38 (25.3%) had poor knowledge. Only 59 (38.3%) practice breast self-examination monthly. Concerning clinical breast examination, 22 (14.7%) of them have had their breast examined before by a health professional while 12 (8%) of the participants had done mammography before.

Conclusion:
Our findings highlight that the knowledge of breast cancer among female nurses was good but it has not really translated into practices of the preventive measures for early detection of breast cancer.
Dabigatran
Authors: Shaji Anitta , Thomas Doody , Saju Midhuna , Abraham Suja , Nayak Ramdas 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Dabigatran is the first oral direct thrombin inhibitor which is endorsed by Food and Drug Administration in the prevention of embolic events in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Suitable dose of the drug for the patient is selected based on CHA2DS2-VASc score and HAS-BLED score.

Aim:
To determine and compare the risk of occurrence of stroke and bleeding after the initiation of dabigatran therapy in patients prescribed with this drug.

Methods:
Patients with more than 18 years who were prescribed with dabigatran during 2017-2019 in a tertiary care hospital were selected for the study. Most of the patient's prescriptions contained an antiplatelet, so a comparison was made between the clinical outcomes of patients given with dabigatran alone and dabigatran with an antiplatelet because antiplatelet can have effects on the safety as well as efficacy profile of dabigatran.

Results:
Out of 75 patients enrolled in the study, 42 patients were in the dabigatran with the antiplatelet group and 33 were in the dabigatran alone group. In both the groups, there was a significant reduction in CHA2DS2-VASc score, i.e., 2.58 ± 1.32–1.94 ± 1.21 in dabigatran-treated patients within 6 months, and the score was lowered from 3.76 ± 1.22 to 2.92 ± 1.22 in other groups. The mean value of the HAS-BLED score of dabigatran was reduced from 1.15 ± 0.83 to 0.84 ± 0.78 and that of dabigatran with antiplatelet group from 2.10 ± 0.94 to 1.74 ± 0.92.

Conclusion:
It was observed that within 6 months, both the treatment groups showed a reduction in the risk scores. The dabigatran group had lower background risks of stroke and bleeding in comparison to the dabigatran plus antiplatelet group.
An audit of institutional ethics committee queries raised after initial project submission by a single research department at a tertiary referral center in India
Authors: Raj Jeffrey Pradeep , Saxena Unnati , Gogtay Nithya Jaideep , Bavdekar Sandeep B. , Thatte Urmila Mukund 
Published: November 2022

Introduction:
The institutional ethics committees (IECs) raise queries following protocol reviews. The quality of these queries would be a useful metric to assess how well the IEC executes its fundamental role of protecting participants.

Methods:
Queries received after the initial review and replies sent by a single research department were evaluated. A content analysis was done to identify the domains and categories of queries. We categorized these queries as administrative, ethics related, and scientific. The impact of each query in improving the science or safeguarding the rights and safety of research participants (ethics) was evaluated by two authors of this manuscript: one affiliated and the other nonaffiliated to the institute. Kappa statistics were used to evaluate for agreement between the two.

Results:
A total of 13 studies (investigator-initiated studies [IISs]: 7 and pharmaceutical industry-sponsored studies [PSSs]: 6) formed the final sample size for analysis. The total number of queries was 364 (IIS: 106 and PSS: 258; P < 0.001). With regard to the categories, we found n = 42 (11.54%) to be irrelevant at that stage of the review process; n = 51 (14.01%) were about information already available which the IEC had missed; n = 67 (18.41%) queries where the IEC needed paraphrasing; n = 50 (13.74%) were entirely relevant with the need for further clarification; and n = 154 (42.31%) had been missed by the investigator during the initial submission. The overall agreement between the affiliated and unaffiliated investigators was just 12.9% (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
We found that approximately 25% of the queries raised by the IEC were redundant. It is our opinion that this redundancy could have been channeled into greater focus on scientific and ethical aspects of the protocol. Ongoing dialog between investigators and ethics committees may help address this. Perspectives between the affiliated and the unaffiliated investigators with regard to the relevance of queries were grossly different.
Student Teachers' Perceptions of their Development of 21st Century Competencies
Authors: Bani-Amer Mohammad Ahmad 
Published: November 2022

Changes in science and technology and future employment competencies are needed for lifelong learning necessity cultivating students' development and progress in 21st century competencies. The purpose of the study was to examine Jordanian student teachers' perceptions of whether their teacher education had prepared them for 21st-century competencies, and how well they applied these competencies to their classroom teaching. The study also identified best practices, major obstacles, and suggestions for achieving these competencies. The study was conducted in two universities in the South and three universities in the North of Jordan that offer teacher education programs. A mixed-methods approach was used for this study. The sample consisted of 457 Student teachers who completed a structured questionnaire with open-ended questions to assess 21st-century competencies. Quantitative data analysis relies on descriptive statistics and correlations, while qualitative data analysis relies on content analysis. Despite differences in competency, the student teachers achieved 21st-century competencies based on their self-assessment. Students' perceptions of whether they succeed in implementing 21st-century competencies in their classrooms were documented in this study. The best-achieved competency was collaboration, and the least well-achieved competency was global connections. Answers to open-ended questions provided convincing evidence that courses involving collaborative and interactive learning, high quality, sufficient support, relevant 21st-century competencies, and integrating theory and practice can contribute significantly to the development of student teachers' 21st-century competencies.
obra “Quarto de despejo – diário de uma favelada” como recurso para o ensino de Biologia
Authors: Farias Junior Jonson Rodrigues , Santos José Nunes dos 
Published: November 2022

O presente trabalho analisa a obra “Quarto de despejo: diário de uma favelada”, de Carolina Maria de Jesus, como recurso pedagógico para o desenvolvimento da aprendizagem nos processos de Ensino de Biologia. A pesquisa qualitativa consistiu de análise documental descritiva e interpretativa do livro embasada na Teoria da Gramática Sistêmico-Funcional com funções linguístico-semióticas simultâneas, as meta-funções: Ideacional e Textual. Percebeu-se que os processos de linguagem de Carolina são dinâmicos, logo, diálogos trazidos pelas suas experiências vividas podem contribuir para o ensino, rompendo com o modelo transmissivo e fragmentado de conteúdos. A utilização da literatura como recurso pedagógico pode constituir e reconstruir um espaço de aprendizagem, valorizando as realidades étnico-raciais socioculturais dos alunos no Ensino de Biologia.
Educação das relações étnico raciais a partir da história do racismo científico
Authors: Sepúlveda Claudia Alencar Serra , Fadigas Mateus Dumont , Sánchez Arteaga Juan Manuel 
Published: November 2022

São apresentados resultados de uma pesquisa colaborativa de desenvolvimento de propostas de educação das relações étnico-raciais centradas na história do racismo científico. A partir da abordagem da pesquisa em design educacional, foram produzidos cinco materiais curriculares educativos baseados nos episódios históricos: objetificação do corpo de Sarah Baartman por naturalistas no século XIX; racialização das doenças falciformes; uso biomédicos das células de câncer do colo de útero de Henrietta Lacks; embate de Manuel Querino ao racismo científico na Faculdade de Medicina na Bahia; uso de dados das pesquisas em genômica nos debates sobre cotas raciais para ingresso nas universidades brasileiras. Foram validados princípios de planejamento que orientaram a elaboração dos referidos materiais curriculares educativos.
Shining, touching, nodding, singing. Sensory encounters with reliquaries in the medieval Nordic countries.
Authors: Lahti Sofia 
Published: November 2022

In a medieval church, saints were present in their relics and could be encountered, but typically not directly seen or touched. The sensory encounters occurred via specific interfaces or, in David Morgan’s words, focal objects – reliquaries made with the best available skills and materials to represent the holy presence. These encounters, taking place, for instance, in the contexts of miracles or feasts of relic translations, were highlights of lived religion for laymen and religious professionals alike despite the differences between the groups’ daily lives and access to religious objects.
Reliquaries were made with remarkable investments in visual impact. However, in the medieval Nordic written sources, this impact is seldom described. Instead, other sensory and interactive effects manifesting the power of the saints and their relics – scents, sounds, touch, and movement – seem to dominate the emotionally charged encounters with reliquaries. This article argues that the eloquent shapes, shining materials, and hagiographic imagery were not ignored, but their message was incorporated into the other sensory stimuli in the written descriptions of encounters with the holy objects.
Waltheof: The Journey from Warrior to Saint
Authors: Dachowski Elizabeth , Hennequin M. Wendy 
Published: November 2022

The elevation to sainthood of the English earl, Waltheof, who was beheaded, ostensibly for rebellion against William the Conqueror, exemplifies the process by which non-elite and elite communities coalesced to construct a saintly cult in late eleventh- and twelfth-century England. This paper traces the development of Waltheof’s cult from the time of his execution and burial through the mid-twelfth century and seeks to place his path to sainthood within the context of the use of hagiographical material as exemplars for the lives of the laity.
We have drawn heavily on the Passio Waldevi, a hagiographical account of Waltheof’s life and martyrdom, written at Crowland Abbey in the early twelfth century, along with other materials, most notably early miracles of Waltheof, contained in the same manuscript (Douai BM MS 852). This account, though written to promote the official cult of Waltheof, nevertheless gives hints of earlier, spontaneous veneration of Waltheof. As a point of comparison, we look at earlier hagiographical materials, most notably English and Latin accounts of the life of St. Guthlac and several saints that figure prominently in Bede. To put Waltheof’s death and cult in historical context we consider historical materials in Old English (Anglo-Saxon Chronicle and Easter Table Chronicle), Latin (Orderic Vitalis and William of Malmsbury, among others), and Norman French (Geoffrei de Gaimar), and we briefly consider the Norse evidence (Snorri Sturluson) for Waltheof’s wider reputation. While most of our evidence is textual, we have also considered archaeological evidence, particularly as it relates to burials, both saintly and deviant. We argue that this evidence, takentogether, indicates that Waltheof’s cult draws on long-standing practices and attitudes towards sanctity and the Christian life in the centuries before the Norman Conquest of England.
Human Resource Information System with Machine Learning Integration
Authors: R. Pomperada Jake 
Published: November 2022

The human resource information system with machine learning integration was developed to aid in the management of employees’ records, profiling, turnover, data analytics, and the generation of electronic personal data sheets used by the government service records. It was developed with the feature of predicting employee turnover using a supervised machine learning method. The system can also generate the following reports, namely, the government service record, years of service and loyalty awards, and available leave credits of the employees. To determine the quality of the developed system the researcher used the ISO 25010 Software Quality Model as a basis when evaluating the properties of a software product. The integration of machine learning in the human resource information system proves to be a very useful tool if integrated into a human resource information system to predict trends in the different aspects of human resource management. Based on the thorough evaluation of the experts and respondents, it was found that the human resource information system is highly usable, secured, efficient, and provides a fast and easy way to manage employees' records and predict employees over using a supervised machine learning that uses the linear regression method.
The impartiality of conformity assessment bodies is an integral component of the food safety management system
Authors: Samoilichenko Olha , Priadko Olga , Mokiichuk Valentyn , Pashchenko Nataliia , Bal-Prylypko Larysa , Slyva Yuliia , Tkachuk Valentyna , Silonova Nataliya , Nikolaienko Mykola , Rozbytska Tatyana 
Published: November 2022

The article aims to consider in detail the principles and requirements for impartiality, its components, and the status of implementation of these requirements in the current state of conformity assessment in Ukraine for different types of conformity assessment bodies (CABs); involved in food safety management system; compliance with the requirements of impartiality in terms of managing the risks associated with impartiality. The article uses methods of theoretical, empirical-theoretical, and empirical research, including analysis of documentation. Expert assessments were used to determine the significance of individual elements. The importance of impartiality in the activities of CABs is substantiated and demonstrated. Received a list of mandatory and recommended impartiality requirements for the requirements of the received standards and identified factors that threaten impartiality. Practical recommendations for documenting the process of impartiality management developed. The article analyzed the completeness and sufficiency of possible documented evidence, identified the risks of impartiality, and developed a set of preventive measures to minimize the identified risks. The authors developed a methodology for managing impartiality, which combines the experience and experience of CABs in various fields. The research results allow the CAB to carry out and document lending sector activities following the standard's requirements.