bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phytoremediation of chromium, iron and nickel by Indian Rice Plant (Oryza sativa L.): An opportunity for management of multi-metal contaminated tannery wastewaterPhytoremediation of chromium, iron and nickel by Indian Rice Plant (Oryza sativa L.): An opportunity for management of multi-metal contaminated tannery wastewater
Authors: Katiyar Arti , Bhaskar Monika , Singh Amit , Sharma Divakar , Abhishek Amar , Garg Vishal 
Published: June 2022

India is the largest producer of leather and leather products. Tannery industries use a large number of synthetic chemicals for the processing of leather and generate a huge amount of wastewater containing a large amount of potentially toxic heavy metals (PTHMs) making them problematic for next-door soil and water system. Currently, phytoremediation is an inexpensive green technology used to move, eradicate, and stabilized heavy metal contamination from contaminated sludge, soil, and wastewater. In this study, the accumulation and distribution of PTHMs found in tannery wastewater and their physio-biochemical effects on Oryza sativa L. have been studied by ICP-MS, GC-MS, and biochemical analysis. The plant was grown in the soil spiked with a mixture of metals (Cr, Fe and Ni) and their five-level of treatment T1 (25mg/kg); T2 (50mg/kg); T3 (100mg/kg); T4 (200mg/kg) and T5 (400mg/kg). During the experiments, various morphological attributes, oxidative stress, enzymatic activities, chlorophyll, and protein content at the different stage was measured. Further, metal accumulation pattern in different parts of plants was also measured. Results of the study revealed that plant root, shoot length, chlorophyll content, and enzymatic activities were significantly reduced after the treatment with 200 mg/kg PTHMs; whereas oxidative stress was increase compared to control levels. Further, treatment of PTHMs suggested that the rice plant (Oryza sativa L.) is well adapted to tolerate and accumulate a high level of heavy metals (up to 200mg/kg) in the root and shoot of the treated plants. If it is treated above this, then seeds were also affected and not safe for human consumption.
Morphotaxometry and Ultratopography of Lytocestus haryanii n.sp. (Caryophyllidea: Lytocestidae) from the intestine of freshwater catfish Clarias batrachus Linnaeus 1758 (Siluriformes: Clariidae) of river Yamuna, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
Authors: Babita  , Upadhyay Dr Sushil Kumar , Tuli Hardeep Singh , Dhama Kuldeep , Chandran Deepak , Mohapatra Ranjan Kumar , Singh Manoj 
Published: June 2022

The present investigation deals with the first report of newer species of caryophyllid cestodes, Lytocestus haryanii n.sp. (Caryophyllidea: Lytocestidae) in the freshwater catfish, Clarias batrachus Linnaeus 1758 (Siluriformes: Clariidae) of river Yamuna from Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India from July 2018 to June 2020. These helminthes are the most common cestodes (endoparasites) among the fishes of fresh water, brackish water, and marine habitat worldwide. The recovered newer worms were processed through the standardized protocol for the microscopic observations and morphometry, ultratopographic study through scanning electron microscopy, and anatomical analysis by histology using microtomy techniques followed by the double staining. The findings of the present worms were substantiated and compared with the earlier reported species of the same genera from different hosts shared the common group using advanced numerical taxonomy for the taxometric validation. The present proposed newer worms shared all the common characteristics which helped in the generic diagnosis and are closely related to the species collected from the same host species inhabiting different freshwater bodies. The worms comprised several striking contrasts in the combination of distinguishing characters of taxonomic significance in special reference to shape, size, orientation, distribution, and the dimension of the body (single proglottid), scolex, neck, testes, ovary, cirrus pouch, vitellaria, eggs, and excretory pore. Based on the striking morphological, taxometric, ultratopgraphic, and histological differences summarized here can, therefore, be used to propose the worm as a new species.
Characterization of Biochar Empty Fruit Bunches OPEFB at Various Temperatures and Burning Time
Authors: Marhani  , Sahur Asmiaty , Laban Sartika , Musa Yunus 
Published: June 2022

Oil palm waste (OPW), comprising mainly of empty fruit bunch, mesocarp fiber, frond, trunk, and palm kernel shell generated from the palm oil industry, was collected, characterized, and then pyrolyzed to evaluate their potential to be converted into biochar. Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB) are a source of organic material with abundant nutrients and are highly potentially useful as biochar. This article provides experimental data for the production of biochar at a temperature range of 100 to 300 °C at time of 4 to 8 hours. The chemical components examined are pH, CEC, C-Organic, N-total, C/N, K dd, P, Ca, Mg, and Na, using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that organic C, nitrogen, and pH were highest at 200–300 °C and had a burning time of 8 hours. Furthermore, the highest concentrations of P, Ca, and Mg were recorded at 200–300°C after 5 hours, Kdd at 100–200 °C after 5 hours, and Na and CEC at 200–300 °C after 4 hours. The transmittance intensity produced by the spectrum of hydroxyl (O-H) vibrations, carbonyl stretching (C=O), alkanes (-CH), and aromatics (C=C) decreased with increasing time, while stretching alcohol (C-O) vibrations increased with time. Our results demonstrate that OPEB is a biowaste that shows exceptional promise to be transformed into high-grade biochar rather than simply disposed of by landfilling or burning.
Comparative in vitro antimicrobial study of Panchavalkal and modified Panchavalkal in three different extract solvents: a study protocol
Authors: Naik Kamal Satgonda , Gupta Rajkumar B. 
Published: June 2022

Background: Charak, Sharangdhar, Kashyap, BhavaPrakasha described Panchavalkala, is a combination of five astringent barks viz., Vata (Ficus bengaenesis Linn.), Udumbara (Ficus glomerata Roxb.), Ashvattha (Ficus religiosa Linn.), Parisha (Thespesia populanea Soland excorrea) and Plaksha (Ficus slacor Buch-Ham.). In Ayurveda sometimes substitute plants are described to work better for a particular medical condition. Such type of alternative drug suggested by BhavaMishra and Kaiyadeva Nighantu for classical Panchavalkala is Shirish (Albezzia lebbeck Linn.) in place of Parisha. Such type of altered Panchavalkal is called as modified Panchavalkal. Both Panchavalkals are essentially important in acute, chronic ulcers, wound healing and reproductive health concern women’s diseases like leucorrhea, irregular or heavy bleeding etc. So, these Panchavalkals at three different extract solvents i.e., water extract, alcoholic extract and hydro alcoholic extract in comparison to standard anti-microbial drugs will be studied.Methods: Panchavalkal and modified Panchavalkal in water, alcohol and hydro alcoholic extract will be subjected to a test antimicrobial property by agar well diffusion method. Results will be assessed on the basis of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and the zone of inhibition (ZOI) of plant extracts against the microorganism that will be measured.Conclusions: Conclusion will be drawn on the basis of results obtained about anti-microbial activity of Pachavalkal and modified Panchavalkal in three different extracts.Trial registration: It is taken, Ref. No. MGACHRC/IEC/February-2021/193-A
Effects of saturable Function in three-core PIM-NIM-PIM coupler through Modulation instability
Authors: HERBERT TATSING PATRICK , Chamgoue A.C. , Kengne E. , Mohamadou A. , Kofane T.C. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We consider a model of three-core PIM-NIM-PIM coupler with Kerr-type saturable nonlinearity to study both analytically and numerically saturation effects on the modulational instability phenomenon. The analytical results show us that, in presence of saturable parameter in normal and anomalous dispersion regime it is formed some new instability bands compare to Shafeeque et al (2015) in absence of saturable parameter. It is clearly also show that Power and nonlinears parameters can be used to control MI. Through numerical simulation, the generation of periodic soliton with a growing amplitude are obtained in absence of nonlinear saturation. However in presence of saturable parameter the train of soliton obtained turns into a turbulent state after certain propagations distance.
Alternatives to chemical resistance: Combinations of Cymbopogon nardus and Ocimum americanum essential oils improve the bioefficiency control against the adults populations of Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae).
Authors: Gnankiné  
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Dengue vector control strategies are mostly based on chemicals use against Aedes aegypti populations. The current study aimed at investigating the insecticidal effects of essential oils obtained from five plant species, Cymbopogon citratus, Cymbopogon nardus, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Lippia multiflora and Ocimum americanum, and combinations of Cymbopogon nardus and Ocimum americanum on Aedes aegypti populations from Bobo-Dioulasso. For this purpose, adults of the susceptible and field strains of Aedes aegypti were tested in WHO tubes with EO alone and binary combinations of O. americanum (OA) and C. nardus (CN) (scored from C1 to C9). The extraction of the essential oils was done by hydrodistillation and their components were determined by GC/MS. Among the 5 EOs tested, L. multiflora essential oil was the most efficient, with KDT50 values below 60 minutes on all Aedes aegypti strains tested, and also with a rate of mortality up to 100 and 85% for Bora Bora and Bobo-Dioulasso strains, respectively. This efficacy may be due to its major compounds which are with major compounds as ß-caryophyllene, p-cymene, thymol acetate and 1.8 cineol. Interestingly, on all strains, C8 combination showed a synergistic effect while C2 showed an additive effect. These combinations exhibit a rate of mortality varying from 80 to 100%. Their toxicity would be due to the major compounds and the putative combined effects of some major and minor compounds. More importly, L. multiflora EO and combinations of C. nardus and O. americanum EO, may be used as alternatives against pyrethroid resistants of Ae. aegypti.
Energy Aware Clustered Blockchain Data for IoT: An End-to-End Lightweight Secure &amp; Enroute Filtering Approach
Authors: S Ramamoorthi , KUMAR MUTHU 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Internet of things (IoT) include smart homes, smart buildings and smart factories, in which all the devices are connected over the internet throughwireless network for data transmission or sharing. IoT faces many security challenges due to sharing the data in an open source. Security and energy are the most focusing challenges in IoT due to its resource constrained nature. IoT devices have low energy that iswasted by the attackers, and the data also gets hacked by the attacker, which leads to poor security. This paper proposed CLIENT (Clustered blockchain IoT withEn-route) to provide energy efficient and secure communication. For that, this research proposed five processes. Such as Chaotic map based elagamal authentication, credit score based clustering, capuchin searh optimization based packets routing, singnature based Enroute filtering and deep leaning based anomaly packet detection.First process is Chaotic Map based Elgamal Authentication, in which chaotic map is used in Elgamalfor key generation. Second process isCredit score based clustering which minimizes the complexity and overhead during packet transmission. Third process is Capuchin search optimization based packets routing which is used to select optimal route from cluster member to cluster head (CH)..)Fourth process is signature based Enroute filtering which used to detect and drop false report from the network. Edwards signature based digital signature algorithm (EdDSA) is used for verification purpose. And final process is deep learning based anomaly packets detection, this process used Katz centrality based feed forward small world neural network (FFSWNN) for packet classification (normal or malicious). All the transactions are stored in blockchain to enhance security. The proposed system implemented by using NS3. The result shows that proposed system achieves superior performance compared to existing works in terms of energy consumption, packet loss rate, end to end delay, routing overhead and network life time, precision, recall, accuracy, false alarm rate, encryption time, decryption time and security strength.
Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 distribution and microbial succession in a clinical microbiology testing facility during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
Authors: Sah Govind Prasad , Kovalick Grace , Chopyk Jessica , Kuo Peiting , Huang Lina , Ghatbale Pooja , Das Promi , Realegeno Susan , Knight Rob , Gilbert Jack A. , Pride David T. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The exchange of microbes between humans and the built environment is a bidirectional and dynamic process that has significant impact on health. Most studies exploring the microbiome of the built environment have been predicated on improving our understanding of pathogen emergence, persistence, and transmission. Previous studies have demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 presence significantly correlates with the proportional abundance of specific bacteria on surfaces in the built environment. However, in these studies, SARS-CoV-2 originated from infected patients. Here we perform a similar assessment for a clinical microbiology lab while staff were handling SARS-CoV-2 infected swab samples for RT-qPCR analysis. The goal of this study was to understand the distribution and dynamics of microbial population on various surfaces within different sections of a clinical microbiology lab during a short period of 2020 Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic.
Results
We sampled floors, benches and sinks in three sections of an active clinical microbiology lab (bacteriology, molecular microbiology, and COVID) over a 3-month period. Although floor samples harbored SARS-CoV-2, it was rarely identified on other surfaces, and bacterial diversity was significantly greater in floor samples than sinks and benches. The floor-associated microbiota comprised greater proportions of bacteria commonly associated with natural environments (e.g., soils), and benchtops harbored a greater proportion of human-associated microbes, including Staphylococcus and Streptococcus, which may have originated from either laboratory staff or clinical samples. Finally, we show that the microbial composition of these surfaces did not change over time and remained stable.
Conclusion
Despite of finding viruses on the floors, no lab-acquired infections were reported during the study period, which suggests that lab safety protocols and sanitation practices were sufficient to prevent pathogen exposures. Like other BEs and health care facilities the most common bacteria colonizing the surfaces in a clinical microbiology lab primarily consist of bacterial taxa of environmental and human origin. Although our analysis here does not identify the source of infection in any given case, it does help to elucidate microbes that colonize these surfaces and have the potential to cause LAIs.
Development of Artificial intelligence model with aid of statistical methods for simulation of water quality indices in north Khartoum area, Sudan
Authors: Mohammed Musaab A. A. , Khleel Nasraldeen A. A. , Szabó Norbert P. , Szűcs Péter 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Groundwater quality evaluation is among the most critical aspects of water management concepts. As a result of overexploitation due to overpopulation, groundwater is severely deteriorating. Water Quality Index (WQI) is commonly used to appraise groundwater quality. In the present study, WQI model is developed to evaluate the groundwater quality in north Khartoum area. To classify water quality for diverse reasons, WQI uses multiple asset classes, sub-indices, and an accumulation function. Multivariate statistical analyses were applied to test the correlation between different variables to draw on the main variables and processes affecting the groundwater quality in the study area. Furthermore, correlation analysis (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA) served as guide for weights assignment in WQI calculations and interpretation. The innovative statistically guided WQI models (SWQI) proved to be superior in groundwater quality assessment. Although SWQI models is powerful and effective tool in groundwater assessment, however, conventional computation is lengthy, time consuming and is often observed with enormous errors during the calculation of sub-indices. In this study, artificial intelligence techniques are applied to cope with these limitations. Multilayer perceptron (MLP) and support vector regression (SVR) models were used for prediction of WQI. The dataset was divided into two groups (ratio 80:20) for training and validation respectively. The predicted models were compared with actual models using four statistical criteria, namely mean square error (MSE), root mean squared Error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and coefficient of determination (R2). The obtained results revealed the robustness of the artificial intelligence in prediction of WQI in north Khartoum area. The developed approaches in this study shown to be advantageous in groundwater quality assessment.
Will the substitution of capital for labor aggravate the input of chemical fertilizer in agriculture? Analysis based on provincial panel data in China
Authors: Lei Zekui , Tu Taotao , Li Xia 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Major changes have taken place in the structure of agricultural input factors in China, which will inevitably affect fertilizer input in agriculture. However, there is no consistent conclusion on the impact of capital and labor input on chemical fertilizer input. This paper applies directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) to clarify the backdoor path of capital and labor affecting fertilizer input. Using inter-provincial panel data, the dynamic panel system GMM method was adopted to examine the mechanism of factor substitution elasticity in determining the impact of agricultural capital-labor input on chemical fertilizer input. Results showed that agricultural labor and capital input are positively correlated with chemical fertilizer input, and the factor substitution elasticity has a negative regulatory effect in the progress of labor and capital input impact fertilizer input. From 1996 to 2018, the trend of capital replacing labor was obvious, and the growth ratio of capital input was much greater than the decrease ratio of labor input. Therefore, the increase in capital input and its substitution for labor is the main driver of the increase in fertilizer input. Meanwhile, the fertilizer-capital substitution elasticity decreased during the period 1996–2018, thus reinforcing the rise in fertilizer input caused by the increase in capital input. To reduce the agricultural pollution caused by the increase in chemical fertilizer input, it is very important to reverse the declining trend of fertilizer-capital substitution elasticity.
Sleep quality in women with diabetes in pregnancy: a single-centre retrospective study
Authors: Wu Qizhen , Meng Zhaoyan , Liu Qing , Zhang Lili , Mao Baohong , Wang Cheng , Zhou Min , Zhang Zhi , Yang Dehua , Jin Ruirui , Tongying Yi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Sleep quality is an important indicator of individual quality of life, which not only affects people's mental health but is also closely related to the occurrence of many diseases. Sleep disorders associated with diabetes in pregnancy (DIP) can greatly endanger the health of mothers and babies, and the relationship between their hazards and blood glucose levels is very close. This study explored the quality of sleep in patients with DIP while analyzing the clinical features and related factors of their sleep disorders.
Methods
From June 2020 to July 2021, a total of 693 patients diagnosed with diabetes in pregnancy (DIP) in Gansu Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital were used as the experiment group, including 626 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and 67 patients with pregestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM). At the same time, 709 non-DIP women were randomly selected as the control group. To obtain the general situation of the participants, the participants were surveyed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the STOP-Bang questionnaire. The differences in sleep quality and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) were analyzed between the experiment group and the control group using rank and chi-square test, and the clinical features and related factors of sleep disorder were analyzed.
Results
Compared with the control group, the experiment group had a larger age, pre-pregnancy weight, body mass index (BMI), and large neck circumference (P < 0.05). The PSQI scores for sleep quality, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, sleep disorder, and daytime dysfunction were higher compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Specific analysis of the clinical features of sleep disorders found that the experimental group had higher scores compared with the control group in terms of difficulty falling asleep, ease of waking up at night or waking up early, poor breathing, cough or snoring effects, feeling hot, nightmares, pain and discomfort, and other events that affected sleep (P < 0.05). The analysis of the types of daytime dysfunction found that the experiment group scored higher in terms of frequently feeling sleepy and lack of energy to do things than the control group (P < 0.05). Analysis of STOP-BANG scores indicated that the proportion of patients with GDM or PGDM having fatigue, hypertension, BMI > 35 kg/m2, and neck circumference > 40 cm was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Patients with DIP had more sleep disorders and a higher risk of developing OSAHS than non-diabetic pregnant women. There may be some link between sleep quality and the onset of DIP. This study lays the foundation for further studies and provides new ideas for the prevention and treatment of DIP.