bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delegation of patient related tasks to allied health assistants: a time motion study
Authors: Snowdon David A , King Olivia A , Dennett Amy , Pinson Jo-Anne , Shannon Michelle M , Collyer Taya A , Davis Annette , Williams Cylie M 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Allied health assistants (AHAs) are support staff who complete patient and non-patient related tasks under the delegation of an allied health professional. Delegating patient related tasks to AHAs can benefit patients and allied health professionals. However, it is unclear whether the AHA workforce is utilised optimally in the provision of patient care. The purpose of this study was to determine the proportion of time AHAs spend on patient related tasks during their working day and any differences across level of AHA experience, clinical setting, and profession delegating the task.

Methods
A time motion study was conducted using a self-report, task predominance work sampling method. AHAs were recruited from four publicly-funded health organisations in Victoria, Australia. AHAs worked with dietitians, occupational therapists, physiotherapists, podiatrists, social workers, speech pathologists, psychologists, and exercise physiologists. The primary outcome was quantity of time spent by AHAs on individual task-categories. Tasks were grouped into two main categories: patient or non-patient related activities. Data were collected from July 2020 to May 2021 using an activity capture proforma specifically designed for this study. Logistic mixed-models were used to investigate the extent to which level of experience, setting, and delegating profession were associated with time spent on patient related tasks.

Results
Data from 51 AHAs showed that AHAs spent more time on patient related tasks (293 min/day, 64%) than non-patient related tasks (167 min/day, 36%). Time spent in community settings had lower odds of being delegated to patient related tasks than time in the acute hospital setting (OR 0.44, 95%CI 0.28 to 0.69, P < 0.001). Time delegated by exercise physiologists and dietitians was more likely to involve patient related tasks than time delegated by physiotherapists (exercise physiology: OR 3.77, 95% 1.90 to 7.70, P < 0.001; dietetics: OR 2.60, 95%CI 1.40 to 1.90, P = 0.003). Time delegated by other professions (e.g. podiatry, psychology) had lower odds of involving patient related tasks than physiotherapy (OR 0.37, 95%CI 0.16 to 0.85, P = 0.02).

Conclusion
AHAs may be underutilised in community settings, and by podiatrists and psychologists. These areas may be targeted to understand appropriateness of task delegation to optimise AHAs’ role in providing patient care.
Loss of NPM2 expression is a potential immunohistochemical marker for malignant peritoneal mesothelioma: a single-center study of 92 cases
Authors: Wu He-liang , Yang Zhi-ran , Su Yan-dong , Ma Ru , Du Xue-mei , Gao Ying , Li Yan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare malignant tumor with a high mortality rate and extremely poor prognosis. In-depth pathological analysis is essential to assess tumor biological behaviors and explore potential therapeutic targets of MPM. Nucleoplasmin 2 (NPM2) is a molecular chaperone that binds histones and may play a key role in the development and progression of tumors. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between the expression level of NPM2 and the main clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of MPM.

Methods
Ninety-two postoperative specimens from MPM patients following cytoreductive surgery were collected. Postoperative specimens were stained with immunohistochemistry. The expression level of NPM2 was quantitatively analyzed by QuPath-0.3.2 software. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to investigate the correlation between NPM2 expression and other conventional clinicopathological characteristics.

Results
Among the 92 MPM patients, there were 47 males (48.9%) and 45 females (51.1%), with a median age of 56 (range: 24–73). There were 70 (76.0%) cases with loss of NPM2 protein expression, 11 (12.0%) cases with low expression, and 11 (12.0%) cases with high expression. Univariate analysis showed that NPM2 protein expression level (negative vs. low expression vs. high expression) was negatively correlated with the following three clinicopathological factors: completeness of cytoreduction (CC) score, vascular tumor emboli, and serious adverse events (SAEs) (all P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that NPM2 protein expression level (negative vs. low expression vs. high expression) was independently negatively correlated with the following two clinicopathological factors: CC score [odds ratio (OR) = 0.317, 95% CI: 0.317–0.959, P = 0.042] and vascular tumor emboli (OR = 0.092, 95% CI = 0.011–0.770, P = 0.028). Survival analysis showed that loss of NPM2 protein expression (negative vs. positive) was associated with poor prognosis of MPM.

Conclusions
Loss of NPM2 expression is a potential immunohistochemical marker for MPM.
Early embryonic lethality in complex I associated p.L104P Nubpl mutant mice
Authors: Cheng Cheng , Cleak James , Weiss Lan , Cater Heather , Stewart Michelle , Wells Sara , Columbres Rod Carlo , Shmara Alyaa , Morato Torres C. Alejandra , Zafar Faria , Schüle Birgitt , Neumann Jonathan , Hatchwell Eli , Kimonis Virginia 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Variants in the mitochondrial complex I assembly factor, NUBPL are associated with a rare cause of complex I deficiency mitochondrial disease. Patients affected by complex I deficiency harboring homozygous NUBPL variants typically have neurological problems including seizures, intellectual disability, and ataxia associated with cerebellar hypoplasia. Thus far only 19 cases have been reported worldwide, and no treatment is available for this rare disease.

Methods
To investigate the pathogenesis of NUBPL-associated complex I deficiency, and for translational studies, we generated a knock-in mouse harboring a patient-specific variant Nubpl c.311T>C; p. L104P reported in three families.

Results
Similar to Nubpl global knockout mice, the Nubpl p. L104P homozygous mice are lethal at embryonic day E10.5, suggesting that the Nubpl p. L104P variant is likely a hypomorph allele. Given the recent link between Parkinson’s disease and loss-of-function NUBPL variants, we also explored aging-related behaviors and immunocytochemical changes in Nubpl hemizygous mice and did not find significant behavioral and pathological changes for alpha-synuclein and oxidative stress markers .

Conclusion
Our data suggest that homozygotes with Nubpl variants, similar to the null mice, are lethal, and heterozygotes are phenotypically and neuropathologically normal. We propose that a tissue-specific knockout strategy is required to establish a mouse model of Nubpl-associated complex I deficiency disorder for future mechanistic and translational studies.
The making of pastoralisms: An account of the Gaddis and Van Gujjars in the Indian Himalaya
Authors: Srivastava Raghav 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe pastoral communities of the western and central Himalayas have, for centuries, presented the modern Indian state with a problem of governance (as it has often been projected). Their existence, largely outside the domains of fixed property and capitalist production relations, has long since been problematized. Their seasonal migrations and vertical movements in space and time have enabled neither a smooth nor complete assimilation of these peoples into one of the state’s existential imperatives—the sedentarized market economy. The interventions imagined and imposed in response, have largely shaped these unbalanced relationships which, I assert, closely follow the features of James Scott’s high-modern state projects (Scott 1998, Seeing Like a State: How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition Have Failed). Through this, an articulation of the tension between the Indian state and two transhumant pastoral communities—the Gaddis and the Van Gujjars—will be attempted to be juxtaposed and contrasted. I will attempt to show how the state in its various forms has used an array of legitimizing arguments and tools—morality, conservation, revenue, development and climate change—to ‘settle’ the Gaddis and Van Gujjars out of their traditional roles, into a lifestyle more conducive to measurement, surveillance and control: a ‘de-pastoralization’ of the pastoralists (Caravani, J Peasant Stud 46:1323-1346, 2019), towards the larger statal goals of assimilation, measurement and appropriation (Foucault 1995, Discipline & Punish: The Birth of the Prison). Through this, the changing and seemingly haphazard dynamics of legitimization will be attempted to be situated in their contexts and used to characterize the contrasting situations of both these communities—while highlighting the need to complicate the role of their social and religious identities in the making of their pastoralisms.
T cell dysregulation in inflammatory diseases in ICU
Authors: Luperto Marta , Zafrani Lara 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSevere inflammatory diseases, including sepsis, are characterized by an impaired host adaptive and innate immunity which results in immunosuppression, responsible for secondary infections and increased morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. T cells are major actors of the immune system. During post-aggressive immunosuppression, lymphopenia, reduction of innate T cells, changes in T helper cell polarization and regulatory T cell increase are observed. The main mechanisms involved in T cell dysregulation are T cell apoptosis, autophagy deficiency, T cell anergy, T cell exhaustion and T cell metabolic reprogramming. In this review, we describe the alterations of T cell regulation, their mechanisms, and their association with clinical outcomes in severe inflammatory diseases, foremost of which is the sepsis.
Sociodemographic variables associated with risk for diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Nguyen Chan Tran N. , Yosef Matheos , Khalatbari Shokoufeh , Shah Anjali R. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background:
Several systemic and sociodemographic factors have been associated with the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR). However, there is limited investigation of the potential role sociodemographic factors may play in augmenting systemic risk factors of DR. We hypothesize that age, sex, race, ethnicity, income, and insurance payor have an impact on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), body mass index, and systolic blood pressure, and therefore an upstream effect on the development of DR and vision-threatening forms of DR (VTDR).

Methods:
Multivariable analysis of longitudinal electronic health record data at a large academic retina clinic was performed. Sociodemographic factors included race, ethnicity, income, and insurance payor. Systemic risk factors for DR included hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and body mass index (BMI). VTDR was identified from encounter diagnostic codes indicating proliferative retinopathy or diabetic macular edema. Patient-reported primary address zip codes were used to approximate income level, stratified into quartiles.

Results:
From 2016 to 2018, 3,470 patients with diabetes totaled 11,437 visits were identified. Black patients had higher HbA1c and SBP compared to White patients. White patients had higher BMI and SBP compared to patients of unknown/other race and greater odds of VTDR than the latter. Patients of Hispanic ethnicity had significantly higher SBP than non-Hispanic patients. Low-income patients had higher BMI and SBP than high-income patients and greater odds of VTDR than the latter. Medicaid recipients had greater odds of VTDR than those with Blue Care Network (BCN) and Blue Cross Blue Shield (BCBS) insurance. Medicaid and Medicare recipients had higher SBP compared to BCBS recipients. Finally, both higher HbA1c and SBP had greater odds of VTDR. There were no differences in odds of VTDR between White and Black patients or between Hispanic and non-Hispanic patients.

Conclusion:
Significant associations exist between certain sociodemographic factors and well-known risk factors for DR. Income and payor were associated with increased severity of systemic risk factors and presence of VTDR. These results warrant further investigation of how risk factor optimization and disease prevention may be further improved by targeted intervention of these modifiable sociodemographic factors.
Clues from networks: quantifying relational risk for credit risk evaluation of SMEs
Authors: Long Jingjing , Jiang Cuiqing , Dimitrov Stanko , Wang Zhao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOwing to information asymmetry, evaluating the credit risk of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is difficult. While previous studies evaluating the credit risk of SMEs have mostly focused on intrinsic risk generated by SMEs, our study considers both intrinsic and relational risks generated by neighbor firms’ publicly available risk events. We propose a framework for quantifying relational risk based on publicly available risk events for SMEs’ credit risk evaluation. Our proposed framework quantifies relational risk by weighting the impact of publicly available risk events of each firm in an interfirm network—considering the impact of interfirm network type, risk event type, and time dependence of risk events—and combines the relational risk score with financial and demographic features to evaluate SMEs credit risk. Our results reveal that relational risk score significantly improves both discrimination and granting performances of credit risk evaluation of SMEs, providing valuable managerial and practical implications for financial institutions.
Mapping the adult human esophagus in vivo and in vitro
Authors: Ferrer-Torres Daysha , Wu Joshua H. , Zhang Charles J. , Hammer Max A. , Dame Michael K. , Wu Angeline , Holloway Emily M. , Karpoff Kateryna , McCarthy Caroline L. , Bohm Margaret S. , Cuttitta Ashley J. , Tigani Dominic J. , Huang Sha , Tsai Yu-Hwai , Miller Alyssa J. , Walker Taylor , Bayer David E. , Hogan Simon P. , Turgeon Danielle Kim , Lin Jules , Higgins Peter D. R. , Sexton Jonathan , Spence Jason R. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Many esophageal diseases can arise during development or throughout life. Therefore, well-characterized in vitro models and detailed methods are essential for studying human esophageal development, homeostasis and disease. Here, we (1) create an atlas of the cell types observed in the normal adult human esophagus; (2) establish an ancestrally diverse biobank of in vitro esophagus tissue to interrogate homeostasis and injury; and (3) benchmark in vitro models using the adult human esophagus atlas. We created a single-cell RNA sequencing reference atlas using fresh adult esophagus biopsies and a continuously expanding biobank of patient-derived in vitro cultures (n=55 lines). We identify and validate several transcriptionally distinct cell classes in the native human adult esophagus, with four populations belonging to the epithelial layer, including basal, epibasal, early differentiating and terminally differentiated luminal cells. Benchmarking in vitro esophagus cultures to the in vivo reference using single-cell RNA sequencing shows that the basal stem cells are robustly maintained in vitro, and the diversity of epithelial cell types in culture is dependent on cell density. We also demonstrate that cultures can be grown in 2D or as 3D organoids, and these methods can be employed for modeling the complete epithelial layers, thereby enabling in vitro modeling of the human adult esophagus.
Shared cis-regulatory modules control expression of the tandem paralogs midline and H15 in the follicular epithelium
Authors: Stevens Cody A. , Stott Helen L. , Desai Shreya V. , Yakoby Nir 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
The posterior end of the follicular epithelium is patterned by midline (MID) and its paralog H15, the Drosophila homologs of the mammalian Tbx20 transcription factor. We have previously identified two cis-regulatory modules (CRMs) that recapitulate the endogenous pattern of mid in the follicular epithelium. Here, using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, we demonstrate redundant activity of these mid CRMs. Although the deletion of either CRM alone generated marginal change in mid expression, the deletion of both CRMs reduced expression by 60%. Unexpectedly, the deletion of the 5′ proximal CRM of mid eliminated H15 expression. Interestingly, expression of these paralogs in other tissues remained unaffected in the CRM deletion backgrounds. These results suggest that the paralogs are regulated by a shared CRM that coordinates gene expression during posterior fate determination. The consistent overlapping expression of mid and H15 in various tissues may indicate that the paralogs could also be under shared regulation by other CRMs in these tissues.
Religiosity and coronary heart disease In Greek adults
Authors: Anadiotis Athanasios , Toylia Georgia , Kapadochos Theodoros , Tsioufis Konstantinos 
Published: October 2022

Background: In developed countries, cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of both death and functional disability. The last decades, scientific community shows an increasing interest exploring the relationship between religious and health factors.
Aim: The aim of the present study was to explore associations between factors related to religiosity and self-reported Coronary Heart Disease (CHD).
Material and Method: This was a descriptive observational study, conducted during a 2-year period. The final studied sample consisted of 1062 citizens of Greece. Data collection was performed by using a special designed questionnaire based on relevant literature review.
Results: Half of the studied sample was men, (n=529, 49.9%). The majority of participants (77.1%) was living in urban areas of the country and was mean educated (67.1%). When asked about their employment status, most of them (65%) answered that they were professionally active. As far as their medical history is concerned, the majority of participants (88%) had no CHD history, no history of diabetes mellitus (90.3%), no history of dyslipidemias (71.8%) and no history of hypertension (71.8%). Moreover, 29.9% of the participants were overweight. Religious fasting follows 51.4% of the sample and the reason for fasting is because the church imposes fasting rules. The factor “fasting” was also related to CHD occurrence, as those who were following religious fasting had no history of CHD. A significant difference was found between responders with conscious belief in God and CHD occurrence.
Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that factors related to religiosity, such as doubt in God belief and religious fasting may influence CHD incidence. Prospective cohort studies and clinical trial studies that specifically designed to assess the effect of religiosity on CHD outcome are necessary to be conducted.
Mehrwerte und Herausforderungen der kombinierten Nutzung von Lean Six Sigma und Robotic Process Automation bei Finanzinstituten
Authors: Schnellmann Marianne , Block Andreas , Gellrich Mario 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungDer stetige Wandel und die damit verbundenen Anforderungen sind Treiber der Weiterentwicklung von Unternehmen. Um am Markt bestehen zu können, wird eine kontinuierliche Verbesserung der Geschäftsprozesse benötigt. Um Geschäftsprozesse verbessern zu können, setzen Finanzinstitute vielfach auf den Einsatz von Lean Six Sigma (LSS) und Robotic Process Automation (RPA). Diese beiden Methoden kommen dabei allerdings selten kombiniert zur Anwendung. Auch die Forschung konzentriert sich vorwiegend auf die separate Anwendung dieser beiden Methoden. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die Mehrwerte und Herausforderungen einer kombinierten Nutzung von LSS und RPA. Die Analysen basieren auf ExpertInnen-Interviews, einer LinkedIn-NutzerInnen Umfrage sowie einer Fallstudie, welche in einer Schweizer Grossbank durchgeführt wurde. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Kombination von LSS mittels RPA einen Mehrwert in Bezug auf die Verbesserung der Geschäftsprozesse liefern kann. Mehrwerte können in den Bereichen „Prozessverbesserungen“, „strukturierte Vorgehensweise“, „Optimierung RPA“ und „Ressourceneinsparungen“ ausgemacht werden. Die zentralen Herausforderungen beim kombinierten Einsatz von LSS und RPA liegen in den Bereichen „Führung“, „Vorgehen“, „Mitarbeitende“ und „Vorgaben“. Es werden fünf zentrale Handlungsempfehlungen ausgesprochen: Organisatorisch klar geregelte zentrale Leitung, proaktive und umfassende Wahrnehmung der Führungsverantwortung, systematische Kompetenzentwicklung in den Bereichen LSS und RPA, klar strukturierte Vorgehensweise für die Prozess- bzw. Problemanalyse sowie Fokussierung auf die Sicherstellung nachhaltiger Massnahmen.
Designfaktoren zur Wertmaximierung von B2B Datenaustausch in datengetriebenen Plattform Ökosystemen
Authors: Tingelhoff Fabian , Elshan Edona , Ebel Philipp 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungDatengetriebene Plattform Ökosysteme bilden eine Formalisierung und Automatisierung des Datenaustausches zwischen Unternehmen. Als solche stellen sie eine Technologie dar, durch dessen Verwendung Vorteile gegenüber eines herkömmlichen Datenaustausches (z. B. über Excel-Sheets und Emails) erzielt werden können. Jedoch sind Studien, die aus einer Ökosystem-Perspektive beleuchten, wie solche Plattformen mehrwert-optimiert gestaltet werden können, bislang unterrepräsentiert. Diese Forschungslücke soll innerhalb der vorliegenden Studie durch eine Datenerhebung in der Praxis geschlossen werden.In einer Interviewstudie mit 11 Vertretern aus deutschsprachigen, international tätigen Unternehmen wurden Organisationsteilnehmer des mittleren und gehobenen Managements zu ihrer Partizipation in datengetriebenen Plattformen befragt. Dabei liefert dieses Paper im Wesentlichen 3 Beiträge:1. Designfaktoren zur Wertmaximierung der Plattform-Teilnehmer wurden aus einer Ökosystem-Perspektive herausgearbeitet. Zusätzlich wurde ein Framework zur Auflistung und Kategorisierung wichtiger Designfaktoren angefertigt.2. Auf Grundlage der Literaturanalyse und Praxisdaten wurden zwei Thesen entwickelt, die spezifische Design-Anforderungen beschreiben, welchen im Rahmen der Datensammlung und -Auswertung besondere Beachtung zugesprochen wurde.3. Das Verständnis von Wertbildung im digitalen Raum wurde auf Datenaustausch-Plattformen erweitert.Die ersten beiden Beiträge dieses Papers adressieren Praktiker. Unternehmen sollen ermächtigt werden, zielgerichtete und informierte Entscheidungen im Bezug zur wertmaximierenden Gestaltung inter-organisationalen Datenaustauschs treffen zu können. Gleichzeitig soll mittels der zwei Thesen zu datengetriebenen Austauschplattformen eine Diskussion über ihre Rolle in der Praxis angestoßen werden. Der dritte Beitrag dieser Studie widmet sich dem akademischen Diskurs, da über die Erweiterung des Verständnisses von Wertbildung im digitalen Raum auf Datenaustausch-Plattformen eine Grundlage für die weitergehende Erforschung dieses Plattform-Typs geschaffen werden soll.