bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cortical, muscular, and kinetic activity underpinning attentional focus strategies during visuomotor control
Authors: Parr J. V. V. , Gallicchio G. , Canales-Johnson A. , Uiga L. , Wood G. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTFocusing internally on movement control or bodily sensations is frequently shown to disrupt the effectiveness and efficiency of motor control when compared to focusing externally on the outcome of movement. Whilst the behavioural consequences of these attentional strategies are well documented, it is unclear how they are explained at the corticomuscular level. The aim of the present study was to investigate how attentional focus strategies affect kinetic, cortical, muscular, and corticomuscular activity during an isometric force precision task. In a repeated measures design, we measured force, EEG and EMG activity from twenty-seven participants who performed 160 isometric contractions of the right hand whilst encouraged to adopt either an internal or external focus through a combination of instructions, secondary tasks, and self-report evaluations. Results indicated that focusing internally led to poorer force accuracy and steadiness compared to an external focus. An internal focus also increased muscle activity of the forearm flexor, increased EEG alpha activity across the parieto-occipital cortex, lowered frontal midline EEG theta activity, and lowered beta corticomuscular coherence between the forearm flexor and contralateral motor cortex. The results of this study provide a holistic understanding of how attentional focus strategies alter neuromuscular control during an isometric force precision task, paving the way for exploring how the behavioural consequences of attentional strategies can be explained at the corticomuscular levels across a wide range of motor tasks and contexts.
Strigolactone mediates moso bamboo root response to phosphate stress
Authors: Wang Qian , Yang Ping , Asim Muhammad , Gui Renyi , Zhou Mingbing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMoso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) grows in soils with widespread phosphate (Pi) deficiency, resulting in low shoot yield. While it also suffers from high Pi due to heavy fertilization, which causes the degradation of bamboo forest. A novel plant hormone, strigolactone (SL), plays a key role in root growth and development under Pi stress, but its regulatory mechanism has not been systematically reported. Our study investigated SL-mediated mechanism in response to Pi stress in moso bamboo. We compared the root growth under low, sufficient and high Pi, and analyzed the temporary trends of gene expression in primary root tip region and lateral root primordium zone. The effects of SL-analog (GR24) and SL-inhibitor (TIS108) on root architecture at low and high Pi were evaluated. SL biosynthesis and signaling are the main pathways of root response to Pi stress. With the decrease of Pi level, 5-deoxystrigol and strigol in the root exudates increase significantly. Under low Pi, SL is indispensable for the maintenance of root cell morphology, and promotes primary root elongation and reduces lateral root formation by upregulating the expression of phosphorous starvation response genes and downregulating the expression of abscisic acid response genes. The absence of SL at high Pi releases the inhibition of ethylene responsive genes’ expression to inhibit root elongation and promote branching. In general, SL mediates the response of bamboo roots to Pi stress by regulating its biosynthesis and signal transduction and influencing other hormone pathways.
Differences in the regulatory strategies of marine oligotrophs and copiotrophs reflect differences in motility
Authors: Noell Stephen E. , Brennan Elizabeth , Washburn Quinn , Davis Edward W. , Hellweger Ferdi L. , Giovannoni Stephen J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAquatic bacteria frequently are divided into lifestyle categoriesoligotrophorcopiotroph. Oligotrophs have proportionately fewer transcriptional regulatory genes than copiotrophs and are generally non-motile/chemotactic. We hypothesized that the absence of chemotaxis/motility in oligotrophs prevents them from occupying nutrient patches long enough to benefit from transcriptional regulation. We first confirmed that marine oligotrophs are generally reduced in genes for transcriptional regulation and motility/chemotaxis. Next, using a non-motile oligotroph (Ca. Pelagibacter st. HTCC7211), a motile copiotroph (Alteromonas macleodiist. HOT1A3), and [14C]L-alanine, we confirmed that L-alanine catabolism is not transcriptionally regulated in HTCC7211 but is in HOT1A3. We then found that HOT1A3 took 2.5-4 min to initiate L-alanine oxidation at patch L-alanine concentrations, compared to <30s for HTCC7211. By modeling cell trajectories, we predicted that, in most scenarios, non-motile cells spend <2 min in patches, compared to >4 mins for chemotactic/motile cells. Thus, the time necessary for transcriptional regulation to initiate prevents transcriptional regulation from being beneficial for non-motile oligotrophs. This is supported by a mechanistic model we developed, which predicted that HTCC7211 cells with transcriptional regulation of L-alanine metabolism would produce 12% of their standing ATP stock upon encountering an L-alanine patch, compared to 880% in HTCC7211 cells without transcriptional regulation.
Quantifying mutant huntingtin protein in human cerebrospinal fluid to support the development of huntingtin-lowering therapies
Authors: Vauleon Stephanie , Schutz Katharina , Massonnet Benoit , Gruben Nanda , Manchester Marianne , Buehler Alessandra , Schick Eginhard , Boak Lauren , Hawellek David J 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundHuntington’s disease (HD) is caused by a cytosine adenine guanine-repeat expansion in the huntingtin gene. This results in the production of toxic mutant huntingtin protein (mHTT), which has an elongated polyglutamine (polyQ) stretch near the protein’s N-terminal end. The pharmacological lowering of mHTT expression in the brain targets the underlying driver of HD and is one of the principal therapeutic strategies being pursued to slow or stop disease progression. This report describes the characterisation and validation of an assay designed to quantify mHTT in the cerebrospinal fluid of individuals with HD, for use in registrational clinical trials.MethodsThe assay was optimised, and its performance was characterised with recombinant huntingtin protein (HTT) varying in overall and polyQ-repeat length.ResultsThe assay was successfully validated by two independent laboratories in regulated bioanalytical environments and showed a steep signal increase as the polyQ stretch of recombinant HTTs pivoted from wild-type to mutant protein forms. Linear mixed effects modelling confirmed highly parallel dose-response curves for HTTs, with only a minor impact of individual slopes of the dose-response for different HTTs (typically <5% of the overall slope). This implies an equivalent quantitative signal behaviour for HTTs with differing polyQ-repeat lengths.ConclusionThe reported method may be a reliable biomarker tool with relevance across the spectrum of HD mutations, which can facilitate the clinical development of HTT-lowering therapies in HD.Trial registrationNot applicable.FundingF. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.
Long-term mitotic DNA damage promotes chromokinesin-mediated missegregation of polar chromosomes in cancer cells
Authors: Novais-Cruz Marco , Pombinho António , Sousa Mafalda , Maia André F. , Maiato Helder , Ferrás Cristina 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDNA damage response (DDR) during interphase involves active signalling and repair to ensure genomic stability. However, how mitotic cells respond to DNA damage remains poorly understood. Supported by correlative live-/fixed-cell microscopy analysis we found that mitotic cells exposed to several cancer chemotherapy compounds acquire and signal DNA damage, regardless of how they interact with DNA. In-depth analysis upon long-term DNA damage during mitosis revealed a spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC)-dependent, but DDR-independent, mitotic delay. This delay was due to the presence of misaligned chromosomes that ultimately satisfy the SAC and missegregate, leading to micronuclei formation. Mechanistically, we show that long-term mitotic DNA damage specifically stabilizes kinetochore-microtubule attachments in cancer cells, causing the missegregation of polar chromosomes due to the action of arm-ejection forces by chromokinesins. Overall, these findings unveil that long-term therapeutic DNA damage regimens contribute to genomic instability through a surprising link between the stabilization of kinetochore-microtubule attachments and chromokinesin-mediated missegregation of polar chromosomes in cancer cells.
The presence of BBB hastens neuronal differentiation of cerebral organoids – the potential role of endothelial derived BDNF
Authors: Fedele Giorgia , Cazzaniga Alessandra , Castiglioni Sara , Locatelli Laura , Tosoni Antonella , Nebuloni Manuela , Maier Jeanette A. M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDespite remaining the best in vitro model to resemble the human brain, a weakness of human cerebral organoids is the lack of the endothelial component that in vivo organizes in the blood brain barrier (BBB). Since the BBB is crucial to control the microenvironment of the nervous system, this study proposes a co-culture BBB and cerebral organoids. We utilized a BBB model consisting of primary brain microvascular endothelial cells and astrocytes in a transwell system. Starting from induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) we generated human cerebral organoids which were then cultured in the absence or presence of an in vitro model of BBB. We evaluated if the presence of the BBB influences the maturation of cerebral organoids. By morphological analysis, it emerges that in the presence of the BBB the cerebral organoids are better organized than controls in the absence of the BBB. This effect seems to be driven by Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), a neurotrophic factor released by the endothelial component of the BBB, which is involved in neurodevelopment, neuroplasticity and neurosurvival.Graphical AbstractThe current culture model of human cerebral organoids does not require the presence of a BBB (left side). However, the BBB is an important source of BDNF, which is crucial for neurodevelopment and brain health. The cerebral organoids co-cultured for 4 days in the presence of the BBB show a higher cortical organization than the organoids cultured in the absence of the BBB, as illustrated on the right.
Mixed-frequency data-driven forecasting the important economies' performance in a smart city: a novel RUMIDAS-SVR model
Authors: Wang Weiqing , Zhang Zengbin , Wang Liukai , Zhang Xiaobo , Zhang Zhenyu 
Published: July 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to forecast the development performance of important economies in a smart city using mixed-frequency data.Design/methodology/approachThis study introduces reverse unrestricted mixed-data sampling (RUMIDAS) to support vector regression (SVR) to develop a novel RUMIDAS-SVR model. The RUMIDAS-SVR model was estimated using a quadratic programming problem. The authors then use the novel RUMIDAS-SVR model to forecast the development performance of all high-tech listed companies, an important sector of the economy reflecting the potential and dynamism of urban economic development in Shanghai using the mixed-frequency consumer price index (CPI) producer price index (PPI), and consumer confidence index (CCI) as predictors.FindingsThe empirical results show that the established RUMIDAS-SVR is superior to the competing models with regard to mean absolute error (MAE) and root-mean-squared error (RMSE) and multi-source macroeconomic predictors contribute to the development performance forecast of important economies.Practical implicationsSmart city policy makers should create a favourable macroeconomic environment, such as controlling inflation or stabilising prices for companies within the city, and companies within the important city economic sectors should take initiative to shoulder their responsibility to support the construction of the smart city.Originality/valueThis study contributes to smart city monitoring by proposing and developing a new model, RUMIDAS-SVR, to help the construction of smart cities. It also empirically provides strategic insights for smart city stakeholders.
Weather-induced shocks, coping strategies and farmer food consumption in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta: a case in Long An province
Authors: Nguyen Canh Thi , Ngo Thanh Quang , Nguyen Quan Hong 
Published: July 2022

PurposeThe paper aims to assess the impact of weather-induced shocks on household food consumption in the rural Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD) through the case of Long An province and evaluate the effectiveness of widely used coping strategies in mitigating weather-related shock impacts.Design/methodology/approachThe system generalized method of moments (GMM) estimation method is applied to explore information on shock incidence, recovery, and time occurrences. The paper uses a sample of 272 repeated farming households from 5-wave survey data from 2008 to 2016, resulting in 1,360 observations.FindingsThe paper confirms the robust negative effect of a natural shock on food consumption. Additionally, using savings proves to be the most potent measure to smooth food consumption. Other favorable coping strategies are “getting assistance from relatives, friends” or “getting assistance from the Government, and non-government organizations (NGOs).” The mitigating effects are also traced in the current analysis.Research limitations/implicationsUsing caution when generalizing the results from Long An to the whole VMD is reasonable. The rather limited observations of coping strategies do not allow the authors to analyze any specific strategy.Originality/valueThe proposed approach employs the GMM technique and controls for endogenous coping strategies and thus provides accurate estimates of the effects of weather-related shocks and the mitigation effectiveness in the rural VMD.
Developing a scale to measure problems in finding a good fit
Authors: Shin Eonyou , Chung Te-Lin Doreen , Damhorst Mary Lynn 
Published: July 2022

PurposeThe purposes of this study were twofold: (1) to develop a scale for measuring consumers' perceived problems of finding a good fit (PFGF) and (2) to provide evidence of several types of scale validities including nomological validity through examining the relationship between PFGF and body esteem based on attribution theory.Design/methodology/approachScale development took place in three steps: (1) An initial pool of items was generated based on a previous study; (2) preliminary quantitative tests of reliability and validity of items were performed, including confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs); and (3) final scale validation through a discriminant and nomological validity test was conducted using CFA and the structural equation model (SEM). CFAs and SEM with the mediation effect were performed using Preacher and Hayes' (2008) bootstrap procedure in Mplus.FindingsOf the 20 items (four items for physical, eight items for aesthetic and eight items for functional) generated in Step 1, a total of 14 items (four items for physical, five items for aesthetic and five items for functional) were remained through preliminary tests of reliability and validity of the scale in Step 2. In Step 3, the 14 items were finalized and validated through testing the hypothesized mediating effect of internal attribution of fit problems between the PFGF scale and the measures of body esteem. The results of consumers' internal causal attribution process of fit problems supported attribution theory.Originality/valueThe study contributes to understanding consumer fit perceptions by developing a scale to assess PFGF that may be a key factor influencing multiple apparel shopping behaviors. The multidimensional scale of perceived PFGF should be useful to provide solutions to PFGF based on information from customers. Better understanding of perceived PFGF will ultimately increase consumer satisfaction with apparel.
No trust, no use: how young retail investors build initial trust in financial robo-advisors
Authors: Nourallah Mustafa , Öhman Peter , Amin Muslim 
Published: July 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to describe and analyse the effect of a set of determinants on initial trust and behavioural intention to use financial robo-advisors (FRAs).

Design/methodology/approach
The theory of perceived risk and the behavioural finance paradigm were used to develop a conceptual model of retail investors’ initial trust in FRAs. Data collected from 554 young retail investors (YRIs) from Sweden and Malaysia were analysed using structural equation modelling.

Findings
The results of this study indicate that the amount of public information, social media information-seeking and a rational decision style are significantly related to initial trust in FRAs, which in turn is significantly and positively related to the behavioural intention to use this technology. However, none of the risks under study significantly affect the initial trust in FRAs.

Practical implications
Information is vital to inducing YRIs to rely on FRAs, so the more public and social media information is available, the higher their intention to use this technology. However, YRIs vary in decision style, and the results suggest implementing a more sophisticated system than the current “one-size-fits-all” approach to YRI behaviour.

Originality/value
The empirical-based model enhances the knowledge of the initial phase of trust-building, when YRIs lack sufficient experience of FRAs. By collecting data from two countries, the study’s novel conclusions may help in developing effective FRA services for the youth segment.
The role of information literacy in promoting “discovery” to cultivate the entrepreneurial mindset
Authors: Bosman Lisa , Kotla Bhavana , Cuesta Carolina , Duhan Neeraj , Oladepo Taofeek 
Published: July 2022

Purpose
Accessibility to entrepreneurial education can be very restrictive because of associated barriers (e.g. add-on course/credit cost and prolonged duration) that prevent students from gaining entry into learning experiences. This study aims to provide an approach to address the gap of inaccessibility. This study proposes the integration of entrepreneurially minded coursework into aviation coursework using information literacy (IL) exercises by incorporating readings, videos, student-centered online discussions and student-facilitated presentations.

Design/methodology/approach
Students participated in an intervention consisting of five entrepreneurially minded online discussions where they watched a video or read an article and then responded to a series of questions. Upon completion of the intervention, participants completed a survey related to student learning outcomes and satisfaction.

Findings
The results from this study provide insight into changes in student perceptions after engaging in IL exercises designed to develop the entrepreneurial mindset. There is evidence that online discussions, journal article critiques and student-facilitated presentations are effective ways to integrate IL into aviation courses to cultivate entrepreneurial mindsets among students.

Originality/value
Several university-based approaches currently exist to help students develop an entrepreneurial mindset, including majors and minors in entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship coursework and centers for entrepreneurship that offer extracurricular learning experiences. Although these approaches offer a great foundation, they are typically viewed as “extra” with high barriers to entry. The limited focus on integration into coursework (whereby everyone gets an opportunity) prevents equitable access to a larger contingent of students. Therefore, in this study, we propose one approach to integrating the entrepreneurial mindset into coursework.
Human management and self-care: a proposal based on Foucault
Authors: Hernández Blanca Yenny , Toro-Jaramillo Ivan-Dario , Vélez Oscar Alonso 
Published: July 2022

PurposeThe main purpose of this research is to support corporate Human Management, based on the notion of subject and subjectivity in relation to Foucault's proposal of self-care, as a search for overcoming the disjunction that exists today between economic organisations and the people who make them up.Design/methodology/approachThis study aims at creating a proposal based on Foucault's theory of self-care through which the care of others is salvaged for human management, from the perspective of the philosophical intention to make life a “work of art”. To such end, a qualitative methodology was used based on the hermeneutics that served as the methodology to review Foucault's work. Subsequently, research was conducted on scientific data, and the following variables were analysed: Subject, Subjectivity and Self-care by means of a cross-reference search with the human management and organisation variables. This provides meaning and interpretation to reality, from the idea of constructing subjectivity in turn from an ethical–aesthetic resistance.FindingsThe ethical concern that gave rise to this study is based on the characteristics of economic rationality, which is imposed on business organisations and affects not only the behaviour of people but also the interventions or interpretations about other. Thus, Foucault's self-care becomes a possibility not only to take care of oneself but also, in terms of the main goal of human management, to take care of others.Originality/valueFrom this research, it is possible to break the excluding paradigm traced from the various theoretical positions of the subject present in the vision of human management, for an inclusive vision, which, without ignoring the economic objective established by the organisations, allows approaching the subject from the pragmatic point of view alone. As can be seen in the course of this article, it was intended, from hermeneutics as a possibility and search for meaning, to approach Human Management from a critical viewpoint accompanied by Foucault, who allowed to approach the notion of subject and subjectivity from the care of oneself, with the intention of proposing an ethical stance towards the subject working in the company, as a way to see oneself and to look at others. In this sense, the impact of the research is placed, from this perspective, in the teaching and practice of Human Management as an area of productive organisations.