bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Damp-heat on Shunt, Series Resistances and Fill Factor into Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Solar Modules in Tropical Zone
Authors: Capo-Chichi Minadohona Maxime , Madogni Vianou Irenée , Kouchadé Clément Adéyèmi , Hounkpatin Géraud Florentin , Agbomahéna Macaire , Kounouhewa Basile 
Published: November 2022

Most solar module manufacturers guarantee the minimum performance of their modules for 20 to 25 years. But some time after their installation, one observes faults which appear on the various components of these modules. During long-term exposure to severe climatic conditions, these faults, which accumulate over time, lead to performance losses of the module. This performance degradation is due to several factors such as humidity, temperature, heat, irradiation etc. These factors cause various degradation processes which can be electrical, chemical, mechanical, thermal, etc. The tropical zone, the middle of our study being characterized by high heat and humidity, has definite impacts on the electrical parameters of photovoltaic modules. The electrical parameters degradation is among others cause of photovoltaic modules performance loss. This study purpose is to study the degradation of the shunt resistance, the series resistance and the form factor of photovoltaic modules installed in tropical areas in order to appreciate their impact on the performance loss of the latter. For that, we used Peck performance degradation analytical model and Braisaz degradation analytical models of shunt resistance and the series resistance to calculate over a period of forty years, in real conditions in the tropical environment, the degradation of these electrical parameters of the photovoltaic module. The results obtained are compared to those obtained during the Hulkoff experimental tests in the state of Miami in Florida in 2009. The degradation rates obtained in the six cities concerned by the study vary between 17.33-35.67% for resistance shunt, between 3.77-7.55% for the series resistance and between 8-19% for the fill factor. In addition, these electrical parameters degradation rates obtained experimentally by Hulkoff and taken up by [1], are respectively 35.14% for the shunt resistor, 9.43% for the series resistor and 3.03% for the fill factor over the study period.
So, future researches on crystalline silicon photovoltaic solar module can be effect of Damp-Heat on short circuit current and open circuit voltage in tropical area.
Concordance Between Patient-Reported Health Data and Electronic Health Data in the ADAPTABLE Trial
Authors: O’Brien Emily C. , Mulder Hillary , Jones W. Schuyler , Hammill Bradley G. , Sharlow Amber , Hernandez Adrian F. , Curtis Lesley H. 
Published: November 2022

ImportancePatient-reported health data can facilitate clinical event capture in pragmatic clinical trials. However, few data are available on the fitness for use of patient-reported data in large-scale health research.ObjectiveTo evaluate the concordance of a set of variables reported by patients and available in the electronic health record as part of a pragmatic clinical trial.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsData from ADAPTABLE (Aspirin Dosing: A Patient-Centric Trial Assessing Benefits and Long-term Effectiveness), a pragmatic clinical trial, were used in a concordance substudy of a comparative effectiveness research trial. The trial randomized 15 076 patients with existing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in a 1:1 ratio to low- or high-dose aspirin from April 2016 through June 30, 2019.Main Outcomes and MeasuresConcordance of data was evaluated from 4 domains (demographic characteristics, encounters, diagnoses, and procedures) present in 2 data sources: patient-reported data captured through an online portal and data from electronic sources (electronic health record data). Overall agreement, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and κ statistics with 95% CIs were calculated using patient report as the criterion standard for demographic characteristics and the electronic health record as the criterion standard for clinical outcomes.ResultsOf 15 076 patients with complete information, the median age was 67.6 years (range, 21-99 years), and 68.7% were male. With the use of patient-reported data as the criterion standard, agreement (κ) was high for Black and White race and ethnicity but only moderate for current smoking status. Electronic health record data were highly specific (99.6%) but less sensitive (82.5%) for Hispanic ethnicity. Compared with electronic health record data, patient report of clinical end points had low sensitivity for myocardial infarction (33.0%), stroke (34.2%), and major bleeding (36.6%). Positive predictive value was similarly low for myocardial infarction (40.7%), stroke (38.8%), and major bleeding (21.9%). Coronary revascularization was the most concordant event by data source, with only moderate agreement (κ = 0.54) and positive predictive value. Agreement metrics varied by site for all demographic characteristics and several clinical events.Conclusions and RelevanceIn a concordance substudy of a large, pragmatic comparative effectiveness research trial, sensitivity and chance-corrected agreement of patient-reported data captured through an online portal for cardiovascular events were low to moderate. Findings suggest that additional work is needed to optimize integration of patient-reported health data into pragmatic research studies.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02697916
Transitions in Health Insurance During the Perinatal Period Among Patients With Continuous Insurance Coverage
Authors: Jeung Chanup , Attanasio Laura B. , Geissler Kimberley H. 
Published: November 2022

ImportanceAlthough health insurance continuity is important during the perinatal period to improve birth outcomes and reduce maternal morbidity and mortality, insurance disruptions are common. However, little is known about insurance transitions among insurance types for individuals who remained insured during the perinatal period.ObjectiveTo examine insurance transitions for birthing individuals with continuous insurance, including those with Medicaid and Medicaid managed care coverage, before, during, and after pregnancy.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study used January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2018 data from the Massachusetts All-Payer Claims Database. The sample included deliveries from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2017, to birthing individuals aged 18 to 44 years old with continuous insurance for 12 months before and after delivery. Data were analyzed from November 9, 2021, to September 2, 2022.ExposureInsurance type at delivery.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was a binary indicator of any transition in insurance type from 12 months before and/or after delivery. The secondary outcomes were measures of any predelivery transition (12 months before delivery month) and any transition during the postpartum period (delivery month to 12 months post partum). Multivariate logit regression models were used to analyze the association of an insurance transition in the perinatal period with insurance type in the delivery month, controlling for age and socioeconomic status based on a 5-digit zip code.ResultsThe analytic sample included 97 335 deliveries (mean [SD] maternal age at delivery, 30.4 [5.5] years). Of these deliveries, 23.4% (22 794) were insured by Medicaid and 28.1% (27 347) by Medicaid managed care in the delivery month. A total of 37.1% of the sample (36 127) had at least 1 insurance transition during the 12 months before and/or after delivery. In regression-adjusted analyses, those individuals covered by Medicaid and Medicaid managed care at delivery were 47.0 (95% CI, 46.3-47.7) percentage points and 50.1 (95% CI, 49.4-50.8) percentage points, respectively, more likely to have an insurance transition than those covered by private insurance. Those covered by Marketplace plans at delivery had a 33.1% (95% CI, 31.4%-34.8%) regression-adjusted predicted probability of having a postpartum insurance transition.Conclusions and RelevanceResults of this study showed that insurance transitions during the perinatal period occurred for more than 1 in 3 birthing individuals with continuous insurance and were more common among those with Medicaid or Medicaid managed care at delivery. Further research is needed to examine the role of insurance transitions in health care use and outcomes during the perinatal period.
Association of Promoting Housing Affordability and Stability With Improved Health Outcomes
Authors: Chen Katherine L. , Miake-Lye Isomi M. , Begashaw Meron M. , Zimmerman Frederick J. , Larkin Jody , McGrath Emily L. , Shekelle Paul G. 
Published: November 2022

ImportanceHousing insecurity—that is, difficulty with housing affordability and stability—is prevalent and results in increased risk for both homelessness and poor health. However, whether interventions that prevent housing insecurity upstream of homelessness improve health remains uncertain.ObjectiveTo review evidence characterizing associations of primary prevention strategies for housing insecurity with adult physical health, mental health, health-related behaviors, health care use, and health care access.Evidence ReviewPairs of independent reviewers systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, EconLit, and the Social Interventions Research and Evaluation Network for quantitative studies published from 2005 to 2021 that evaluated interventions intended to directly improve housing affordability and/or stability either by supporting at-risk households (targeted primary prevention) or by enhancing community-level housing supply and affordability in partnership with the health sector (structural primary prevention). Risk of bias was appraised using validated tools, and the evidence was synthesized using modified Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria.FindingsA total of 26 articles describing 3 randomized trials and 20 observational studies (16 longitudinal designs and 4 cross-sectional quasi–waiting list control designs) were included. Existing interventions have focused primarily on mitigating housing insecurity for the most vulnerable individuals rather than preventing housing insecurity outright. Moderate-certainty evidence was found that eviction moratoriums were associated with reduced COVID-19 cases and deaths. Certainty of evidence was low or very low for health associations of other targeted primary prevention interventions, including emergency rent assistance, legal assistance with waiting list priority for public housing, long-term rent subsidies, and homeownership assistance. No studies evaluated health system–partnered structural primary prevention strategies.Conclusions and RelevanceThis systematic review found mixed and mostly low-certainty evidence that interventions that promote housing affordability and stability were associated with improved adult health outcomes. Existing interventions may need to be paired with other efforts to address the structural determinants of health. As health care systems and insurers respond to increasing opportunities to invest in housing as a determinant of health, further research is needed to clarify where along the housing insecurity pathway interventions should focus for the most effective and equitable health impact.
Mental Health Care Utilization Among Children and Adolescents With a Firearm Injury
Authors: Oddo Elizabeth R. , Simpson Annie N. , Maldonado Lizmarie , Hink Ashley B. , Andrews Annie L. 
Published: November 2022

ImportanceFirearm injuries are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among US children and adolescents. Despite evidence demonstrating mental health sequelae for children and adolescents who have experienced a firearm injury, little is known about mental health care utilization after a firearm injury.ObjectiveTo evaluate mental health care utilization in the 12 months after a firearm injury among Medicaid-insured and commercially insured children and adolescents compared with propensity score–matched controls.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis propensity score–matched retrospective cohort analysis assessed 2127 children and adolescents, aged 0 to 17 years, with a firearm injury that occurred between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2017, compared with 2127 matched controls using MarketScan Medicaid and commercial claims data. Claims data were analyzed 12 months before and after injury, with the total study period spanning from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2018.ExposureNonfatal firearm injury.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome of interest was a dichotomous variable representing any mental health care utilization in the 12 months after injury. Secondary outcomes included psychotherapy utilization, substance use–related utilization, and a psychotropic medication prescription. Logistic regression modeling was used to estimate relative risks with adjusted analyses of dichotomous outcomes.ResultsThe overall cohort consisted of 4254 children and adolescents, of whom 2127 (mean [SD] age, 13.5 [4.1] years; 1722 [81.0%] male) had an initial encounter for a firearm injury and an equal number of matched controls (mean [SD] age, 13.5 [4.1] years; 1720 [80.9%] male). Children and adolescents with a firearm injury had a 1.40 times greater risk (95% CI, 1.25-1.56; P &amp;lt; .001) of utilizing mental health services in the 12 months after their injury compared with children and adolescents without a firearm injury, after controlling for potential confounders. Children and adolescents with a firearm injury had a 1.23 times greater risk (95% CI, 1.06-1.43; P = .007) of utilizing psychotherapy and a 1.40 times greater risk (95% CI, 1.19-1.64; P &amp;lt; .001) of substance use–related utilization. Among those who experienced a firearm injury, Black children and adolescents were 1.64 times more likely (95% CI, 1.23-2.19; P &amp;lt; .001) to utilize mental health care compared with White children and adolescents.Conclusions and RelevanceThis propensity score–matched cohort study found that children and adolescents with a firearm injury had a greater risk of utilizing mental health services in the 12 months after their injury compared with those without an injury, and significant racial disparities were associated with use of mental health services. The findings suggest that health care practitioners should be aware of this increased risk and ensure adequate mental health follow-up for these patients.
Electroacupuncture vs Sham Electroacupuncture in the Treatment of Postoperative Ileus After Laparoscopic Surgery for Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Wang Yu , Yang Jing-Wen , Yan Shi-Yan , Lu Yun , Han Jia-Gang , Pei Wei , Zhao Jing-Jie , Li Zhi-Kai , Zhou Hang , Yang Na-Na , Wang Li-Qiong , Yang Ying-Chi , Liu Cun-Zhi 
Published: November 2022

ImportanceDespite the adoption of the optimized Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol, postoperative ileus (POI) severely impairs recovery after colorectal resection and increases the burden on the health care system.ObjectiveTo assess the efficacy of electroacupuncture (EA) in reducing the duration of POI with the ERAS protocol.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis multicenter, randomized, sham-controlled trial was conducted in China from October 12, 2020, through October 17, 2021. There was a 1:1 allocation using the dynamic block random method, and analyses were by intention to treat. Patients 18 years or older undergoing laparoscopic resection of colorectal cancer for the first time were randomly assigned to treatment group by a central system.InterventionsPatients were randomly assigned to 4 sessions of EA or sham electroacupuncture (SA) after surgery. All patients were treated within the ERAS protocol.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the time to first defecation. Secondary outcomes included other patient-reported outcome measures, length of postoperative hospital stay, readmission rate within 30 days, and incidence of postoperative complications and adverse events.ResultsA total of 249 patients were randomly assigned to treatment groups. After the exclusion of 1 patient because of a diagnosis of intestinal tuberculosis, 248 patients (mean [SD] age, 60.2 [11.4] years; 153 men [61.7%]) were included in the analyses. The median (IQR) time to first defecation was 76.4 (67.6-96.8) hours in the EA group and 90.0 (73.6-100.3) hours in the SA group (mean difference, −8.76; 95% CI, −15.80 to −1.73; P = .003). In the EA group compared with the SA group, the time to first flatus (median [IQR], 44.3 [37.0-58.2] hours vs 58.9 [48.2-67.4] hours; P &amp;lt; .001) and the tolerability of semiliquid diet (median [IQR], 105.8 [87.0-120.3] hours vs 116.5 [92.0-137.0] hours; P = .01) and solid food (median [IQR], 181.8 [149.5-211.4] hours vs 190.3 [165.0-228.5] hours; P = .01) were significantly decreased. Prolonged POI occurred in 13 of 125 patients (10%) in the EA group vs 25 of 123 patients (20%) in the SA group (risk ratio [RR], 0.51; 95% CI, 0.27-0.95; P = .03). Other secondary outcomes were not different between groups. There were no severe adverse events.Conclusions and RelevanceResults of this randomized clinical trial demonstrated that in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer with the ERAS protocol, EA shortened the duration of POI and decreased the risk for prolonged POI compared with SA. EA may be considered as an adjunct to the ERAS protocol to promote gastrointestinal function recovery and prevent prolonged POI after surgery.Trial RegistrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry Identifier: ChiCTR2000038444
Impact of flexible noise control (FNC) image processing parameters on portable chest radiography
Authors: Kirby Krystal M. , Ren Liqiang , Daly Timothy R. , Tandon Yasmeen K. , Bartholmai Brian J. , Schueler Beth A. , Long Zaiyang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThere is a lack of understanding in the performance of flexible noise control (FNC) processing, which is used in digital radiography on a scanner vendor and has four parameters each involving multiple options. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of FNC on portable chest imaging. An anthropomorphic chest phantom was imaged using a clinical chest program with 85 kV and five radiation dose levels at 40″ source‐to‐image distance with software‐based scatter reduction method. All images were processed without and with FNC. Noise analysis was performed in two regions of interest (ROI) on subtracted noise‐only images, and line profiles were generated through a lung‐rib interface. In addition, noise power spectra (NPS) analysis was performed in solid water phantoms of 10 and 20 cm thicknesses, using the same acquisition program and a range of dose levels. Last, feedback on retrospectively deidentified, reprocessed, and randomized clinical images from 20 portable chest exams was gathered from two thoracic radiologists. Noise reduction performances of FNC were demonstrated, with the level depending on specific FNC parameters, dose levels, ROI placement, and phantom sizes. Higher frequency textural patterns were revealed through the NPS analysis, which varied based on FNC parameters, dose levels, and phantom sizes. Overall, the vendor default parameter FGA0.5 yielded the highest noise reduction and textural artifacts. Radiologist feedback showed consistent preference of no FNC due to the presence of textural artifacts in the FNC‐processed images. An algorithm improvement to avoid introducing artifacts would be desired.
Actively Triggerable Metals via Liquid Metal Embrittlement for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Feig Vivian R. , Remlova Eva , Muller Benjamin , Kuosmanen Johannes L. P. , Lal Nikhil , Ginzburg Anna , Nan Kewang , Patel Ashka , Jebran Ahmad Mujtaba , Bantwal Meghana Prabhu , Fabian Niora , Ishida Keiko , Jenkins Joshua , Rosenboom Jan‐Georg , Park Sanghyun , Madani Wiam , Hayward Alison , Traverso Giovanni 
Published: November 2022

AbstractActively triggerable materials, which break down upon introduction of an exogenous stimulus, enable precise control over the lifetime of biomedical technologies, as well as adaptation to unforeseen circumstances, such as changes to an established treatment plan. Yet, most actively triggerable materials are low‐strength polymers and hydrogels with limited long‐term durability. By contrast, metals possess advantageous functional properties, including high mechanical strength and conductivity, that are desirable across several applications within biomedicine. To realize actively triggerable metals, a mechanism called liquid metal embrittlement is leveraged, in which certain liquid metals penetrate the grain boundaries of certain solid metals and cause them to dramatically weaken or disintegrate. In this work, it is demonstrated that eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn), a biocompatible alloy of gallium, can be formulated to reproducibly trigger the breakdown of aluminum within different physiologically relevant environments. The breakdown behavior of aluminum after triggering can further be readily controlled by manipulating its grain structure. Finally, three possible use cases of biomedical devices constructed from actively triggerable metals are demonstrated.
Backpack electrofishing does not contribute to external signs of gas bubble trauma in sculpins
Authors: Tiffan Kenneth F. , Eller Nicole J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe exposed prickly sculpin Cottus asper and reticulate sculpin Cottus perplexus to electroshock and sham treatments in a controlled laboratory setting to determine if backpack electrofishing contributed to or exacerbated external signs of gas bubble trauma (GBT) in fish exposed to elevated total dissolved gas (TDG) levels. Fish were exposed to 115, 120 and 125% TDG (measured as percent of saturation) for various amounts of time (24–144 h) then subjected to a 5‐s electroshock or sham treatment of no electroshock. Fish were examined to determine the incidence of GBT pre‐ and post‐treatment, and all aspects (i.e., dorsal, ventral, left and right sides) of each fish were photographed. Across all TDG levels in all trials, no sculpin showed any change in GBT incidence following treatment. Analysis of GBT signs evident in photographs of 68 fish found no evidence of change in mean pre‐ and post‐treatment gas bubble sizes in fish in any TDG trial, nor were any new gas bubbles found following treatment. We are aware of no physiological mechanism by which backpack electrofishing can cause GBT in sculpin, and as such, we believe using this gear should not increase GBT incidence rates in sculpin.