bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Manyata Flagship Program on Effective Management of Maternal Complications - Task-Shifting to Staff Nurses with Improved Competence
Authors: Hema Divakar  , Richa Mishra  , Sheetal Joshi  , Bhagyashri Kulkarni  , Poorni Narayanan  , Rita Singh  , Gubbi Venkatasubbaiah Divakar  
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND
Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) and pre-eclampsia and eclampsia (PE/E) are the leading causes of pregnancy and childbirth-related complications and deaths, particularly in developing countries. FOGSI-Manyata skill transfer training is being implemented in private healthcare facilities in India, enabling ‘task-shifting’ to staff nurses by improving their knowledge and skills towards achieving desired maternal and perinatal outcomes.
METHODS
In this qualitative study, 4 focus group discussions (FGDs) with staff nurses and 14 in-depth interviews (IDIs) with head consultants of study facilities and assessors from different states (both metro and non-metro regions) were undertaken. Their experiences and perceptions about Manyata training, including its impact on building their capacity towards efficient handling of maternal complications during childbirth, were explored and the data was analysed through thematic analysis.
RESULTS
The two main overarching themes included: barriers to prevention, early identification and handling of complications, and post-training competency gained for effective management of complications. Lack of skilled staff trained in obstetrics and gynaecology, gaps in basic knowledge and skills in emergency obstetric care (EmOC), limited training opportunities at the workplace, and high staff turnover were identified as the factors contributing to the perceived importance of the training program. The competencies gained by staff nurses through Manyata training included readiness for prevention and early detection of complications (PPH and PE/E), improved understanding of specific causes of PPH, preparedness for timely management of both PPH and PE/E, and coordinated teamwork.
CONCLUSIONS
All the respondents strongly valued the Manyata training for effective management of maternal complications, PPH, and PE/E. Such in-service training, which is also appropriately tailored to the local context, along with the strong motivation of head consultants and staff nurses to upgrade themselves through continuous efforts, is required to achieve sustainable goals to reduce maternal and perinatal mortality.
Regularity results for an optimal design problem with lower order terms
Authors: Esposito Luca , Lamberti Lorenzo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe study the regularity of the interface for optimal energy configurations of functionals involving bulk energies with an additional perimeter penalization of the interface. Here we allow a more general structure for the energy functional in the bulk term. For a minimal configuration(E,u){(E,u)}, the Hölder continuity ofuis well known. We give an estimate for the singular set of the boundary∂⁡E{\partial E}. Namely we show that the Hausdorff dimension of the singular set is strictly smaller thann-1{n-1}.
Homogenization of high-contrast composites under differential constraints
Authors: Davoli Elisa , Kružík Martin , Pagliari Valerio 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We derive, by means of variational techniques, a limiting description
for a class of integral functionals under linear differential constraints.
The functionals are designed to encode the energy of a high-contrast composite, that is,
a heterogeneous material which, at a microscopic level, consists of a periodically perforated matrix
whose cavities are occupied by a filling with very different physical properties.
Our main result provides a Γ-convergence analysis as the periodicity tends to zero, and
shows that the variational limit of the functionals at stake is the sum of two contributions,
one resulting from the energy stored in the matrix and the other from the energy stored in the inclusions.
As a consequence of the underlying high-contrast structure, the study is faced with a lack of coercivity with respect to the standard topologies in

L
p

{L^{p}}

,
which we tackle by means of two-scale convergence techniques. In order to handle the differential constraints, instead,
we establish new results about the existence of potentials and of constraint-preserving extension operators
for linear, k-th order, homogeneous differential operators
with constant coefficients and constant rank.
Approximate controllability for a new class of stochastic functional differential inclusions with infinite delay
Authors: Kumar Surendra , Yadav Shobha 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This manuscript investigates the approximate controllability for a wide range of infinite-delayed semilinear
stochastic differential inclusions. First, we construct the expression for a mild solution in terms of
the fundamental solution. Then, employing the fixed point theorem for multivalued maps, we formulate a set of sufficient
conditions to assure the existence of a solution for the aforementioned system. Further, the approximate controllability
for the semilinear stochastic differential inclusion is investigated under the condition that the associated linear
deterministic control system is approximately controllable.
The discussed results are more general and a continuation of the ongoing research on this issue.
Finally, an example is included to highlight the applicability of the considered results.
Egy huszadik századi pécsi orvos házaspár képi emlékei. Flerkó Béla és Bárdos Vera fotóalbumai
Authors: Dezső Krisztina 
Published: October 2022

Flerkó Béla és Bárdos Vera az 1930-as évektől fotóalbumokban dokumentálták életüket, utazásaikat. A Pécsi Egyetemtörténeti Gyűjteményben őrzött 43 album három nagy típusra osztható: családi albumok, a Pécsi Orvostudományi Egyetem Anatómia Intézetének albumai és utazási albumok. Az albumokban elhelyezett fotók segítségével nyomon követhető egy 20. századi pécsi oktató-kutató orvos életútja, kapcsolati hálója, életterének változása. Az utazási albumokban a hivatalos utak mellett a magáncélú utazások is megjelennek, részletesen dokumentálva egy-egy út menetét.
Kép forrása: PETGY Eredeti Archív Fotógyűjtemény.
„Homo mensura”
Authors: Peternák Anna 
Published: October 2022

A Magyar Képzőművészeti Egyetemen két nagyszabású kiállítás is foglalkozott az egyetemi könyvtár 19. századi (és 20. század eleji) fotógyűjteményének legszebb darabjaival és azok történeti-művészi kontextusával (Fotó/modell. Képek a természet és művészet között és Fotó/modell 2. A felejtés emlékei; kurátor: Peternák Miklós). Az egyetem Doktori Iskolájának hallgatói alkotásokat készítettek a fényképekre reagálva, így kortárs művek is megjelentek a kiállítótérben. A 2016-ban megrendezett első kiállításra egy interaktív installációt készítettem Embermagasság címmel, amely lehetővé tette, hogy bizonyos fényképek (pontosabban reprodukcióik) a szokványostól eltérő formában váljanak összehasonlítóvá. Jelen tanulmány ennek az installációnak a hátterét mutatja be, a munkához felhasznált fényképek kiválasztásától kezdve a kiállítótérben készített dokumentációs felvételek rövid elemzéséig.A műtárgyreprodukció olyan típusú kép, amely alkalmas elvont párhuzamok megalkotására; így egymás mellé tehetünk különböző műveket, amelyeket talán eredetiben nehéz volna együtt szemlélni. Moholy-Nagy László elvetette a szobadísz funkcióval rendelkező dekoratív képek gondolatát, ehelyett különféle célokból felhasználható sokszorosított képekről írt, amelyek fontos szerepet tölthetnek be valamilyen gondolatmenet részeként. Hasonlóan gondolkodott a reprodukálható képekről Paul Valéry, Walter Benjamin és André Malraux is, Aby M. Warburg pedig a Mnemosyne Atlaszhoz komplex formai-tartalmi összefüggések szemléltetésére használt műtárgyfotókat. Ma a virtuális képadatbázisok, digitális, pixelalapú reprodukciók korát éljük, amikor a képek csoportosítása komplex programok, sőt gépi algoritmusok közreműködésével végezhető. Azonban időnként így is szükségét érezzük, hogy fizikailag kézzelfogható fotókon keresztül érthessünk meg összefüggéseket, akár „eredeti” fényképfelvételekről van szó, akár papíron megjelenő reprodukciókról.
Kép forrása: A szerző felvétele
Simulação realística como estratégia de ensino na graduação médica
Authors: Sousa Paula Dourado , Gazineu Tiago Ramos , Filho Ricardo Luiz Luzardo , Avena Katia de Miranda , Quintanilha Luiz Fernando 
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: avaliar a eficácia da simulação realística (SR) na graduação em medicina com base no conhecimento adquirido e na melhoria do desempenho clínico e analisar a percepção dos estudantes quanto à aplicabilidade do método como ferramenta de ensino. Métodos: foi realizada uma revisão sistemática de artigos científicos nas bases de dados PubMed, Lilacs e SciELO, em inglês e português, publicados no período de 2015 a 2020, utilizando a seguinte estratégia de busca: (simulation training OR simulation patient) AND (students medical AND education, medical, undergraduate). Resultados: dos 261 artigos identificados, apenas sete atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão estabelecidos, 57,2% deles com baixo ou moderado nível de evidência. Todos demonstraram que a SR promove modificações positivas no processo de construção acadêmica dos estudantes, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento de habilidades e competências essenciais para a formação médica. Além disso, houve majoritária percepção positiva dos estudantes quanto à utilização da SR como método de ensino durante a formação médica. Conclusão: houve evidências de eficácia da SR na aprendizagem e favorável percepção dos estudantes de medicina quanto à sua utilização. Todavia, os desafios relativos à sua implantação e execução, bem como o restrito número de artigos de alto rigor metodológico, limitam a inferência inequívoca de sua eficácia na educação médica.
Publikálok, tehát létezem?!
Authors: Juhászné Klér Andrea , Kun Zsuzsanna , Toarniczky Andrea 
Published: October 2022

A fiatal oktató-kutatókat a szabadság reménye, az értelemteli munka és a folyamatos tanulás lehetősége vonzza az egyetemi pályára. Az eltérő nemzeti és szakmai kontextusban felvázolt tapasztalatok nyomán a publikációs teljesítményelvárás központi elemként körvonalazódik, melyre az ellenállás nem lehetséges válasz, ugyanakkor az alkalmazkodás sem jelent egyszerű megoldást azon motivációk tükrében, amelyek miatt ezt a pályát választották.
A cikkben arra keresünk választ, hogy megvalósítható-e, s ha igen, akkor milyen formában egy fenntartható kutatási és publikációs gyakorlat a fiatal oktató-kutatók részéről, és ezek közül melyek azok, amelyeket a szervezet is sikeresként ismer el. Kutatásunk során sikerült megfogalmazni olyan kutatási és publikációs stratégiákat, amelyek túlmutatnak az ellenállás vagy alkalmazkodás leegyszerűsített kettőségén, ugyanakkor az egyén szintjén maradva ezek nem fenntarthatóak, szervezeti kultúra változást igényelnek.
PEMAHAMAN STANDAR PROSES: TANTANGAN BAGI GURU PAI DI MADRASAH ALIYAH YAPIKA KERSAMANAH GARUT
Authors: Nurdin Cecep Hilmi , Rochman Chaerul , Farida Ch Ida , Karman Karman 
Published: October 2022

Standar proses merupakan sumber pada perkembangan proses belajar yang berlaku untuk peserta didik dalam mencapai kompetensi standar proses. Standar proses adalah salah satu dari standar nasional pendidikan(SNP), ketentuan aplikasi dalam aturan yang diberlakukan pemerintah dalam kurikulum. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yaitu metode penelitian yang mendeskripsikan data dikuti dengan penafsiran atau pemaparan dari ketercapaian standar proses di madrasah. Madrasah Aliyah YAPIKA Kersamanah Garut, merupakan salah satu madrasah di bawah Pemerintah Kementrian Agama Kabupaten Garut. Madrasah Aliyah YAPIKA Kersamanah Garut memiliki pendidik yang konsen mengajar dalam mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam(PAI) dan mata pelajaran non Pendidikan Agama Islam(PAI). Dalam pemeliharaan kualitas pendidikan, ketetapan pada fungsi dan tujuan pendidikan, maka dari itu kurikulum, proses belajar, ataupun pengelolaan yang ada di Madrasah Aliyah YAPIKA Kersamanah semuanya harus bersandar pada Standar Nasional Pendidikan(SNP). Oleh karena itu, karena standar proses merupakan salah satu standar nasional pendidikan(SNP), untuk mencapai hal tersebut perlu adanya analisa pencapaian standar proses yang dilakukan terhadap guru PAI dan non PAI di MA YAPIKA Kersamanah. Artikel ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui ketercapaian standar proses pendidikan di Madrasah Aliyah Kersamanah Garut, penelitian ini berpusat dalam mengkaji indikator-indikator yang pada saat ini belum berjalan secara optimal.
Debridement versus Simple Scrubbing of External Fixator Pin Sites
Authors: Nolte Jack , Dallman Johnathan , Tucker William , Christensen Erin , Heddings Archie 
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Irrigation and debridement of external fixator pin sites is one method utilized by orthopedic surgeons to prevent surgical site infections in patients undergoing definitive internal fixation after temporization in an external fixation device. This study aims to determine if irrigation and debridement of external fixator pin-sites leads to fewer deep surgical site infections, compared to simply scrubbing the external fixator pin sites with a chlorhexidine scrub-brush.
Methods. This single center retrospective cohort study was performed at a University Level I Trauma Center. All cases in which a single surgeon removed an external fixator and followed this with definitive open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) in the same operative setting between October 2007 and October 2018 were reviewed. 313 patients were temporized in 334 external fixators prior to ORIF and were included in the study.
Results. 18 of the 179 Irrigation and Debridement cohort (10.0%) and 8 of the 155 Simple Scrubbing cohort (5.2%) resulted in infections that required return to the operating room. We found no statistical difference (p=0.10) or meaningful effect size (Cohen’s d= 0.18) between irrigation and debridement and simple scrubbing of external fixator pin-sites.
Conclusions. Given no significant difference was found between debridement of pin sites versus simply scrubbing, the authors propose further studies should focus on the time and resources required for debriding external fixator pin sites.
How Different are Girls and Boys as Bullies and Victims? Comparative Perspectives on Gender and Age in the Bullying Dynamics
Authors: Gomes Ana , Costa Martins Mariana , Silva Beatriz , Ferreira Edite , Nunes Odete , Castro Caldas Alexandre 
Published: October 2022

Bullying involves aggressive behaviors with the intention to harm others, including manifestations of systematic abuse of power. Two types of bullying can be considered: physical and psychological. Students may get involved in bullying dynamics as bullies, victims, or both - aggressive victims. The literature defines bullying as a global phenomenon, affecting both girls and boys. Therefore, Portuguese schools are no exception, with several studies from North to South of the country demonstrating the presence of bullying in schools, both in elementary and middle schools. The aim of this study is to elaborate the differences and experiences by both genders, boys and girls, in the current dynamics of school bullying. Thus, answering the question - how different are girls and boys as bullies and victims? In addition, it intends to impart the acquired knowledge and raise awareness of the implications of this social context in which Portuguese children are currently involved. The results obtained from a sample of 1147 students attending the 1st cycle of Portuguese education (elementary schools) were in line with previous studies. In order to enrich the literature, bullies, victims, and aggressive victims were characterized in detail. Finally, the importance of the adults’ intervention, especially teachers, was highlighted.
Estimated public health gains from smokers in Germany switching to reduced-risk alternatives: Results from population health impact modelling by socioeconomic group
Authors: Rytsar Romana , Djurdjevic Smilja , Nussbaum Alexander K , Kaul Ashok , Bennewitz Emanuel , Lee Peter N , Fry John S 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background: We previously estimated the impact of introducing heat-not-burn products and e-cigarettes in Germany on smoking-related disease mortality in men and women aged 30–79 years between 1995 and 2015. Here, we estimate the impact by socioeconomic group.
Methods: Individuals with a defined baseline cigarette smoking distribution were followed under a “Null Scenario” (no reduced-risk products) and “Alternative Scenarios” (reduced-risk products introduced). Transition probabilities allowed estimation of annual product use changes, with individual product histories used to estimate reductions in deaths and life-years lost. Here, however, individuals were classified into two socioeconomic groups defined by income and education, with allowance for variation by group in initial smoking prevalence and the probability of changing product use, or of changing socioeconomic group.
Results: Deaths would have reduced by 217,000 (from 852,000 for continued smoking) had everyone immediately ceased smoking in 1995 and by 40,000 to 179,000 had one or two types of reduced-risk products - the heat-not-burn product and the e-cigarette - been adopted by smokers to varying extents. There were substantial drops in each socioeconomic group. Where all cigarette smokers switched immediately, half of them to Heat-not-Burn products, half to e-cigarettes, the estimated drops in deaths were 60,000 in group A (higher socioeconomic group) and 122,000 in group B (lower), about 82% of the drops associated with immediate cessation (73,000 in A and 148,000 in B). With more gradual conversion, the drops were 26,648 in A and 53,000 in B, about 35% of those from cessation. The drops in deaths and life-years saved were about 2 and 1.5 times higher in group B, respectively, associated with its greater numbers, older age, and higher smoking prevalence. The estimated reductions would increase upon considering more diseases, a wider age range, or longer follow-up. Methodological limitations would not affect the conclusion that introducing these products in 1995 in Germany could have substantially reduced deaths and life-years lost in both groups, more so in B.
Conclusions: Although cessation is optimal for reducing mortality, switching to reduced-risk products also provides substantial health gains. A public health approach encouraging lower socioeconomic group smokers to switch to reduced-risk products could diminish smoking-related health inequalities relative to continued smoking.
Prevalence of Extra-Articular Tibia Valga Morphology in Valgus Knees and its Implications for Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Sobhi Salar , Khan Riaz J.K. , Fick Daniel P. , Finsterwald Michael 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Tibia valga, an extra-articular valgus deformity of the tibia, is common in valgus knees and can result in component misplacement and early total knee arthroplasty (TKA) failure. However, the prevalence and importance of tibia valga in TKA has been seldom reported. This study aims to describe the prevalence and characteristics of tibia valga morphology in valgus knees and describes implications for surgical planning in primary TKA.
Methods
We prospectively examined pre-operative weightbearing whole-body EOS digital radiographs of patients with knee osteoarthritis listed for TKA between December 2018 and December 2020. Hip-knee-ankle angle (HKA), mechanical lateral distal femoral angle (mLDFA), mechanical medial proximal tibial angle (mMPTA), joint line convergence angle (JLCA) and tibial morphology with centre of rotation of angulation of tibia (CORA-tibia) were measured and analysed.
Results
In 830 knees, 253 (30%) and 577 (70%) were classified as valgus and varus respectively. In valgus knees, 89 knees (35%) had tibia valga. Median CORA-tibia was 2.8o (range 0.2-10.9o). Tibia valga knees had no difference in mLDFA, higher HKA (5.0o versus 3.0o, p=0.002) and mMPTA (89.6o versus 88.1o, p<0.01), and lower JLCA (2.1o versus 2.3o, p<0.01) compared to non-tibia valga knees. Tibia valga deformity was weakly positively correlated with valgus HKA (ρ=0.23, p<0.001) and mMPTA (ρ=0.38, p<0.001). In varus knees, there were 52 cases of tibia valga (9%) with median CORA-tibia of 3.0o (range 0.5-5.5o). Tibia valga knees had higher mMPTA (87.0o versus 85.2o, p<0.05) and no difference in HKA, mLDFA and JLCA. CORA-tibia was weakly positively correlated with mMPTA.
Conclusions
Valgus knees may have an extra-articular deformity of the tibia which might be the primary contributor of the overall valgus HKA deformity rather than the distal femoral anatomy. To detect the deformity, full leg-length radiographs should be acquired pre-operatively. Intramedullary instrumentation should be used cautiously in knees with tibia valga when performing TKA.
Correlation between Earnings Management and Financial Distress among Selected Firms in Kenya
Authors: Kamau Charles , Banafa Abdulkadir , Kariuki Samuel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground This paper evaluates the link between earnings management and financial distress among listed firms in Kenya. Earnings management is the use of accounting practices to prepare financial statements that portray a company's business activity and financial status in an unrealistically favorable manner. On the other hand, financial distress is when an organization's revenues or income no longer satisfy its financial obligations, resulting in bankruptcy and possible dissolution. Results The assessment compares the modified Jones score, which is commonly used to measure discretionary accruals, with Altman’s Z score, which measures the degree of financial distress. The earnings management and financial distress. The selected firms under this study are known to be financially distressed as per the publicly available information. The hypothesis tests express whether a correlation exists between earnings management and financial distress. The result also highlights the level of significance of the effect of earnings management on financial distress. Conclusion The study concludes that there is some moderate probability that a financially distressed firm is likely to practice earnings management. On the other hand, there is a moderate likelihood that firms that practice earnings management may face financial distress at some point. Earnings management is not necessarily practiced to camouflage financial distress, but that does not mean that it cannot happen. On the other hand, financial distress is not an indicator of earnings management and vice versa.