bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leadership support, innovative work behavior, employee work engagement, and corporate reputation: Examining the effect of female in not government organizations
Authors: Jawad Muhammad , Naz Munazza , Rizwan Sohail 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNot government organizations (NGOs) work to advance organizational objectives through a sustainable agenda while having a beneficial influence on society and the environment. NGOs must thus hire creative personnel if they want to remain competitive and draw in investors. This study bases its model of innovative work behavior for women working in the top 100 NGOs in both developed and developing countries on the social exchange theory and hypothesizes that this behavior may be impacted by leadership support. In this context, the function of employee job engagement as a mediating element is studied. The reputation's moderating function was also examined. Eleven thousand nine‐hundred and one female employees from 2737 NGOs in the top 100 developed and developing countries made up the sample. The findings demonstrate the direct and indirect effects that employee engagement, which is impacted by leadership support, has on innovative work behavior. A reliable connection between them is the organizational reputation of NGOs.
Bicarbonate Electroreduction to Multicarbon Products Enabled by Cu/Ag Bilayer Electrodes and Tailored Microenviroments
Authors: Lee Jungkuk , Liu Hengzhou , Li Wenzhen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBicarbonate electrolyzer can achieve the direct conversion of CO2 capture solutions that bypasses energy‐intensive steps of CO2 regeneration and pressurization. However, only single‐carbon chemicals (i. e., CO, formate, CH4) were reported as the major products so far. Herein, bicarbonate conversion to multicarbon (C2+) products (i. e., acetate, ethylene, ethanol, propanol) was achieved on rationally designed Cu/Ag bilayer electrodes with bilayer cation‐ and anion‐conducting ionomers. The in‐situ generated CO2 was first reduced to CO on the Ag layer, followed by its favorable further reduction to C2+ products on the Cu layer, benefiting from the locally high concentration of CO. Through optimizing the bilayer configurations, metal compositions, ionomer types, and local hydrophobicity, a microenvironment was created (high local pH, low water content, etc.) to enhance bicarbonate‐to‐C2+ conversion and suppress the hydrogen evolution reaction. Subsequently, a maximum C2+ faradaic efficiency of 41.6±0.39 % was achieved at a considerable current density of 100 mA cm−2.
Did extreme nest predation favor the evolution of obligate brood parasitism in a duck?
Authors: Lyon Bruce E. , Carminati Alejandra , Goggin Geneviève , Eadie John M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObligate brood parasites depend entirely on other species to raise their offspring. Most avian obligate brood parasites have altricial offspring that require enormous amounts of posthatching parental care, and the large fecundity boost that comes with complete emancipation from parental care likely played a role in the independent evolution of obligate parasitism in several altricial lineages. The evolution of obligate parasitism in the black‐headed duck, however, is puzzling because its self‐feeding precocial offspring should not constrain parental fecundity of a potential brood parasite in the way that altricial offspring do. We used an experimental nest predation study to test the idea that high nest predation rates played a role in the evolution of brood parasitism in this enigmatic duck. Experimental duck eggs in untended nests suffered massive rapid predation, while eggs in tended nests of the three main hosts, all aggressive nest defenders, had very high success, illustrating the benefits of parasitizing these ‘bodyguard’ hosts.
Genetic structure of dinoflagellate symbionts in coral recruits differs from that of parental or local adults
Authors: Coffroth Mary Alice , Leigh Noel J. , McIlroy Shelby E. , Miller Margaret W. , Sheets H. David 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe symbiotic relationship between dinoflagellate algae in the family Symbiodiniaceae and scleractinian corals forms the base of the tropical reef ecosystem. In scleractinian corals, recruits acquire symbionts either “vertically” from the maternal colony or initially lack symbionts and acquire them “horizontally” from the environment. Regardless of the mode of acquisition, coral species and individual colonies harbor only a subset of the highly diverse complex of species/taxa within the Symbiodiniaceae. This suggests a genetic basis for specificity, but local environmental conditions and/or symbiont availability may also play a role in determining which symbionts within the Symbiodiniaceae are initially taken up by the host. To address the relative importance of genetic and environmental drivers of symbiont uptake/establishment, we examined the acquisition of these dinoflagellate symbionts in one to three‐month‐old recruits of Orbicella faveolata to compare symbiont types present in recruits to those of parental populations versus co‐occurring adults in their destination reef. Variation in chloroplast 23S ribosomal DNA and in three polymorphic microsatellite loci was examined. We found that, in general, symbiont communities within adult colonies differed between reefs, suggesting that endemism is common among symbiont populations of O. faveolata on a local scale. Among recruits, initial symbiont acquisition was selective. O. faveolata recruits only acquired a subset of locally available symbionts, and these generally did not reflect symbiont populations in adults at either the parental or the outplant reef. Instead, symbiont communities within new recruits at a given outplant site and region tended to be similar to each other, regardless of parental source population. These results suggest temporal variation in the local symbiont source pool, although other possible drivers behind the distinct difference between symbionts within O. faveolata adults and new generations of recruits may include different ontogenetic requirements and/or reduced host selectivity in early ontogeny.
Defaunation changes leaf trait composition of recruit communities in tropical forests in French Guiana
Authors: Vaessen Rens W. , Jansen Patrick A. , Richard‐Hansen Cécile , Boot René G. A. , Denis Thomas , Derroire Géraldine , Petronelli Pascal , de Vries Jesse S. , Barry Kathryn E. , ter Steege Hans , van Kuijk Marijke 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHunting impacts tropical vertebrate populations, causing declines of species that function as seed dispersers and predators, or that browse seedlings and saplings. Whether and how the resulting reductions in seed dispersal, seed predation, and browsing translate to changes in the tree composition is poorly understood. Here, we assess the effect of defaunation on the functional composition of communities of tree recruits in tropical rainforests in French Guiana. We selected eight sites along a gradient of defaunation, caused by differences in hunting pressure, in otherwise intact old‐growth forests in French Guiana. We measured shifts in functional composition by comparing leaf and fruit traits and wood density between tree recruits (up to 5 cm diameter at breast height) and adults, and tested whether and how these compositional shifts related to defaunation. We found a positive relationship with defaunation for shifts in specific leaf area, a negative relationship for shifts of leaf toughness and wood density, and a weak relationship for shifts in fruit traits. Our results suggest that the loss of vertebrates affects ecological processes such as seed dispersal and browsing, of which browsing remains understudied. Even though these changes sometimes seem minor, together they result in major shifts in forest composition. These changes have long‐term ramifications that may alter forest dynamics for generations.
Comparison irisin peptide serum level in pregnant women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus: A case–control study
Authors: Khorasani Zahra Mazloum , Besharat Majid , Mehrad‐Majd Hassan , Mohammadi Seyed Ali , Mahmoudinia Malihe 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a metabolic disease that affects mother and foetus during pregnancy, causing acute and chronic adverse effects. Irisin is proposed as a novel marker to predict GDM. The aim of this study was to assess the role of irisin peptide serum levels in gestational diabetes and compare with healthy pregnant women.MethodsThis case–control study was conducted on women at 24 to 34 weeks of gestation in Ghaem Hospital affiliated with Mashhad University of Medical Sciences between May 2016 and June 2019. In two study groups, GDM and non‐GDM women, an association between maternal serum irisin levels and clinical and biochemical parameters were evaluated. Maternal serum irisin levels were measured by an enzyme immunoassay method. Body mass index, serum levels of glucose, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), insulin, haemoglobin A1C, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA IR) and irisin were evaluated.ResultsTotally, 56 participants (30 non‐GDM women and 26 women with GDM) were enrolled. Not statistically significant was observed in serum irisin levels between GDM and non‐GDM women. (p = .814) Irisin levels were not significantly associated with maternal age, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, the number of pregnancies, gestational age, fasting blood sugar, insulin, HOMA IR, one‐hour and two‐hour serum glucose and body mass index.ConclusionsThere is no significant difference between GDM and non‐GDM groups in the case of irisin value and later, no association of irisin with metabolic and anthropometric parameters. These findings need to be assessed in future experiments.
Glycated albumin and continuous glucose monitoring metrics across pregnancy in women with pre‐gestational diabetes
Authors: Toft Johanne Holm , Dalen Ingvild , Skadberg Øyvind , Gøransson Lasse Gunnar , Økland Inger , Bleskestad Inger Hjørdis 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionGlycated albumin (GA), a biomarker reflecting short‐term glycaemia, may be useful to assess glycaemic control in pregnancy. We examined the association between GA and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics across gestation.MethodsIn this prospective cohort study including 40 women with pre‐gestational diabetes, blood samples for analysis of GA and glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were collected at pregnancy week 12, 20, 24, 28, 32 and 36. In the CGM‐group (n = 19), CGM data were collected from first trimester until pregnancy week 36. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the accuracy of GA and HbA1c to detect poor glycaemic control, using CGM metrics as the reference standard. This study was conducted at Stavanger University Hospital, Norway, in 2016–2018.ResultsGlycaemic control improved across gestation with more time spent in target range, coinciding with decreased glycaemic variability and lower mean GA level. There was statistically significant correlation between GA and most CGM metrics. The area under the ROC curves (AUC) for detecting time in range <70% and time above range >25% for the pregnancy glucose target 63–140 mg/dl (3.5–7.8 mmol/L) were 0.78 and 0.82 for GA, whereas AUCs of 0.60 and 0.72 were found for HbA1c, respectively.ConclusionsHigher GA levels were associated with less time spent in target range, more time spent in the above range area and increased glycaemic variability. GA was more accurate than HbA1c to detect time above range >25% and time in range <70%.
A brief review of liquid heat transfer materials used in concentrated solar power systems and thermal energy storage devices of concentrated solar power systems
Authors: Wang Gang , Pang Shicheng , Jiang Tieliu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSolar power generation is an effective approach to promote the achievement of carbon neutrality. Heat transfer materials (HTMs) are important for concentrated solar power (CSP) systems and their accessary thermal energy storage (TES) devices. The performances of HTMs can influence the operation behaviors of CSP systems and TES devices. On the whole, the HTMs can be divided into three categories according to their physical states, which are the liquid, gaseous, and solid HTMs, respectively. This article presents a brief review of research works on liquid HTMs used in CSP systems and TES devices of CSP systems, mainly including different kinds of molten salts, heat transfer oils, nanofluids, liquid metals, and water. Some typical practical applications, experimental and simulation studies on different kinds of liquid HTMs used in CSP and TES systems are introduced, and the advantages, disadvantages, and further research and development work prospects of different kinds of HTMs are briefly summarized. This article aims to providing a reference for researchers in solar thermal power field.
Evaluating and forecasting the associated main flavor components in Baijiu (Chinese distilled spirits) with alcohol metabolism and hangover symptoms through mice acute withdrawal model
Authors: Huangfu Jie , Lu Jun , Li Changwen , Wang Deliang , Luan Chunguang , Jiang Xin , Song Tao , Jiang Wei , Han Xinlin , Feng Jing , Liu Yanli , He Mengchao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOver the past few decades, more alcohol‐problem concerns focused on reducing the risk of hangover caused by the alcoholic beverages over‐consumption. Chinese distilled spirits (Baijiu) is one of the most favorite alcoholic beverages. The intention of this study is to explore the associations of main flavor components in Baijiu and hangover symptoms using mice acute alcohol withdrawal model. The behaviors of each mouse were assessed by open‐field tests using separate groups of mice with the treatment of sauce‐aroma Baijiu, light‐aroma Baijiu, strong‐aroma Baijiu, pure alcohol, and distilled water, respectively. The behavioral data including total move distance and immobile time were used as indicators for the evaluation of the liquor intoxicating effects. Alcohol and acetaldehyde concentrations in mice plasma and the neurotransmitter contents of GABA and Glu in mice cerebellum were detected afterward. The results showed that the mice with the treatment of Baijiu samples displayed unusual exciting behaviors including increased alcohol metabolization with alleviating drunken and hangover symptoms, compared with that of pure alcohol control groups after 2–4 h. Moreover, the sauce‐aroma Baijiu treatment group showed lessening intoxicated symptoms than those of light‐aroma Baijiu and strong‐aroma Baijiu. In addition, there were significant differences between Baijiu and pure alcohol treatment groups at the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABAergic levels and its receptor GABA‐AR1 activating levels in the mice neuron cells. Furthermore, the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) analysis inferred that the flavor compounds acetic acid, ethyl acetate, ethyl lactate, and 1‐propanol in the sauce‐aroma Baijiu were played the major roles in the drunk behaviors that caused by the hangover. While, the acetic acid in the sauce‐aroma Baijiu was speculated as a major flavor component to accelerate the alcohol metabolism and retard hangover symptoms.
A strategy for varices screening based on acoustic radiation force impulse combined with platelet (CHESS2001): An alternative of Baveno VI criteria
Authors: Huang Yifei , Zhao Lili , He Ruiling , Li Shuang , Liu Chuan , Qi Xiaolong , Li Jia 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Few studies have reported on acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) for varices screening. Our study aimed to identify a strategy based on liver stiffness measurement (LSM) and spleen stiffness measurement (SSM) by ARFI combined with platelet count (PLT), named the ARP strategy, for ruling out high‐risk varices (HRV) and avoiding unnecessary esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) in patients with compensated cirrhosis. We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent ARFI from a previous cohort (NCT04307264). Of them, patients between 2017 and 2019 composed the training cohort to develop the ARP strategy. The validation cohort consisted of others between 2015 and 2016 to validate and compare it with Baveno VI criteria about the performance for varices screening. Primary outcomes were the rates of spared EGDs and HRV missed. A total of 741 consecutive patients were included in the final analysis. Of them, 576 patients were included in the training cohort and 165 patients in the validation cohort. In the training cohort, ARP strategy was defined as LSM < 1.805 m/s or SSM < 2.445 m/s and PLT > 110 × 109/L. ARP strategy could spare 234 (40.6%) EGDs with a missed HRV rate of 3.4% (8 of 234). In the validation cohort, compared with Baveno VI criteria, the ARP strategy improved the proportion of avoided EGDs (49.7% vs. 34.5%; p < 0.001) and lowered the rate of misclassified HRV (1.2% vs. 3.5%; p < 0.001). Conclusion: The ARP strategy was an efficient and safe tool for varices screening in compensated cirrhosis, and it might be an auxiliary or even alternative to Baveno VI criteria.
Heat and mass transfer of two immiscible flows of Jeffrey fluid in a vertical channel
Authors: Kalyan Shreedevi , Sharan Ashwini , Chamkha Ali J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this article, we examined the effect of heat and mass transfer flow of two immiscible Jeffrey fluids in a vertical channel. The highly nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations are evaluated using regular perturbation parameters, for small values of perturbation parameter. The effect of Jeffrey's parameter on the flow and the effects of various physical parameters entering into the problem on dimensionless velocity, temperature, and concentration distribution is illustrated graphically. We observe that the Jeffrey parameter, thermal, and mass Grashof number enhance the fluid flow, while the chemical reaction parameter suppresses the fluid flow, also it is established that the Nusselt number is boosted by enhancing the thermal and mass Grashof number. We observed that the results are in very good agreement with the results obtained for a viscous fluid.
Thermo‐bioconvection effect on hybrid nanofluid flow over a stretching/shrinking melting wedge
Authors: Yusuf Tunde A. , Ahmed Lukman O. , Akinremi Oluwadamilare J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe research focused on nanomaterial solutions and their flow characteristics in relation to their usage. The application of such composites in biological rheological models, in particular, has received a lot of interest. The use of nanofluids in cooling tiny electronic devices like microchips and associated devices cannot be emphasized. Our goal is to explore the influence of a binary chemical reaction and Arrhenius activation energy on a hybrid nanofluid over a melting wedge in a spongy media. It is anticipated that the water‐based nanoparticle contains gyrotactic microbes. By using appropriate similarity variables, the resultant dimensional nonlinear boundary‐layer model is reduced and turned into a dimensionless form. A Chebyshev spectral collocation approach is useful in solving the highly nonlinear model. In terms of physical importance, the effects of important factors on developing profiles are displayed graphically and explained. Computational outcomes are obtained via MATHEMATICA. The plot of residual error is also shown to demonstrate the method's rapid convergence. According to the study's findings, by increasing the melting parameter, the rate of heat transportation at the wall decreases greatly on the average of 12.81%, but the Sherwood number becomes effective for the chemical reaction rate with a rate of about 24.81%.
Transient natural convective flow of a radiative viscous incompressible fluid past an exponentially accelerated porous plate with chemical reaction species
Authors: Rath Chinmoy , Nayak Anita 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe present study deals with an unsteady magnetohydrodynamic natural convective flow of a viscous, incompressible fluid past an exponentially accelerated porous plate surrounded by a porous medium with suction or injection. The novelty of the current research is to analyze the behavior of the flow due to mass transfer with first‐order chemical reaction in the presence of a heat source in the energy equation. The existence of suction/injection and radiation parameters in the flow enhances the utility of the research as they are an integral part of nuclear reactors, thermal and chemical engineering processes, and many more. The Laplace transform technique (via Bromwich contour) is applied to solve exactly the governing equations. The nature of the flow velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles due to the impact of pertinent flow parameters are presented graphically. The numerical outcomes of coefficient of skin friction, rate of heat transfer, and mass transfer are obtained in tabular form. The results indicate that the skin friction increases slowly with the reaction parameter and largely with the suction parameter, whereas the concentration gradient increases at a much higher rate with the reaction parameter. The fluid injection has a negative impact on the velocity gradient. It is seen that the heat source enhances both velocity and temperature profiles throughout the flow field, whereas the first‐order chemical reaction acts reversely on the velocity and mass transfer process. The current research can be applied to identify the cause behind the drag force produced in seepage flow due to the heated or cooled accelerated plate.
MHD micropolar hybrid nanofluid flow through an annulus with discrete surface heaters: A study for optimal heat convection
Authors: Ahlawat Anil , Sharma Mukesh Kumar 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this study, natural convection through a micropolar hybrid nanofluid in a complex annulus, influenced by a static magnetic field and discrete heaters on the boundaries of the annulus has been investigated numerically. The annulus is formed using an elliptical cylinder enclosed by a square cylinder. Numerical simulations were performed to assess the optimal heat convection in six different configurations due to discrete/continuous heaters on the boundary of the annulus. The nonlinear coupled partial differential equations of motion and energy are solved with the finite difference method coupled with successive over relaxation and successive under relaxation. The effects of pertinent physical parameters on the flow and heat transfer were computed for the ranges of , , , and . Their effects are demonstrated using streamline and isotherms profiles. The average Nusselt number at the heating locations of the annulus boundaries was computed to categorize the configuration for optimal heat convection. The results of this study reveal that when the inner elliptical cylinder is subjected to discrete heaters and the square enclosure has a continuous heater, the optimal convection of heat is from the inner cylinder. Furthermore, the convective heat transfer combined with the heaters on the inner and outer boundaries of the annulus was maximum for the configuration in which the inner elliptical cylinder is subjected to discrete heaters and centrally placed discrete heaters on the sides of the square enclosure.