bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of land use on soil microbial community structure and diversity in the Yellow River floodplain
Authors: Dong Xiongde , Yang Leyun , Harbo Laura Sofie , Yan Xinyu , Chen Ji , Zhao Cancan , Xiao Yutong , Liu Hao , Wang Shilin , Miao Yuan , Wang Dong , Han Shijie 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Soil microorganisms and their diversity are important bioindicators of soil carbon and nutrient cycling. Land use type is a major determining factor that influences soil microbial community composition in floodplain ecosystems. However, how the structure and diversity of soil microbial communities respond to specific changes in land use, as well as the main drivers of these changes, are still unclear. This study was conducted in the Yellow River floodplain to examine the effects of land use type on soil microbial communities. Four land use types (shrubland, farmland, grassland and forest) were selected, wherein shrubland served as the baseline. We measured soil microbial structure and diversity using phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs). Land use type significantly affected total, bacterial and fungal PLFAs, and the gram-positive/negative bacterial PLFAs. Compared with shrubland, peanut farmland had higher total and bacterial PLFAs and forest had higher fungal PLFAs. Soil pH and phosphorus were the predominate drivers of microbial PLFAs, explaining 37% and 26% of the variability, respectively. Soil total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen were the main factors increasing microbial community diversity. Peanut farmland had the highest soil carbon content, soil carbon stock, total PLFAs and microbial diversity, suggesting that farmland has great potential as a carbon sink. Our findings indicated that peanut farmland in the Yellow River floodplain is critical for maintaining soil microbial communities and soil carbon sequestration.
Outcomes of systemic screening for syphilis, gonorrhoea and Chlamydia trachomatis among immigrant visa applicants migrating from Japan to the US in 2016–2019
Authors: Adachi Masatoki , Takemura Shizuki 
Published: July 2022

Highlights
Identifying sexually transmitted infections is a public health task. Screening at the time of migration detected asymptomatic infections over a range of ages. Reporting infection rates may serve to establish a benchmark for risk assessments. All sexually active people who have never had sexually transmitted infection tests should be offered sexually transmitted infection tests.
Contribution to decision-making in the big data industry based on the multiparametric similarity measure for Pythagorean fuzzy sets
Authors: Ibrahim Bechar , Abdelkader Benyettou 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBig Data allows analysing and assessing all human production types with its 5Vs, which are Volume, Velocity, Variety, Veracity and Value. Big Data is useful to improve decision-making to adjust it better to market demand, specifically selection of supplier that is an important link to optimize the logistic chain of enterprises. In this case, leadership or decider is ahead one serious complex problem, inexact and fuzzy. Pythagorean fuzzy set (PFS) is disposing the indeterminacy data by the membership and the nonmembership functions; it is a generalization of the intuitionist fuzzy set when the last set is limited. First, some results for PFSs are displaying in this study as particular cases and generalization of some binary operations. After, an improved score function of Pythagorean fuzzy number is proposed to avoid the comparison problem in practice. In addition, an existing approach exploring the combined alternatives weight to settle Pythagorean fuzzy issue by multi-parametric similarity measure is applied with the new proposed score function to selection of supplier issue with five serious criteria as a Big Data industry decision-making problem in economic environment. Finally, a comparison of the presented method with some existing approaches has been executed in the light of counterintuitive phenomena for validating its advantages.
Novel Metrics for Assessing Mobility During Ground-Standing Transitions
Authors: Sheehan Riley C , Ohm Kelly A , Wilken Jason M , Rábago Christopher A 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTIntroductionTransitioning between the ground and standing is a required activity for many professions including skilled trades, law enforcement, and military service. However, available assessments are limited and focus primarily on quality of movement. Thus, we developed two novel assessments of functional mobility specific for ground-to-standing transitions: Stand-Prone-Standx2 (SPS2) and Stand-Kneel-Standx2 (SKS2-L/R) tests. The purpose of this study was to determine the psychometrics of these two new measures in able-bodied (AB) service members and in service members with unilateral lower extremity injury (LEI).Materials and MethodsA total of 57 AB service members and 31 service members with a traumatic unilateral LEI wearing a custom carbon-fiber ankle–foot orthosis participated in this study. In total, 36 AB and 18 LEI participants returned for a second session to assess intersession reliability. Intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated for intersession and inter-rater comparisons (two-way random model for consistency and single measure). Additionally, performance was compared between legs and groups.ResultsThe SPS2 and SKS2 assessments demonstrated excellent inter-rater and intersession reliability in both the AB and LEI groups with all intraclass correlation coefficient values greater than 0.8. Further, the tests were responsive to deficits associated with LEI, with the LEI group having significantly longer times on all assessments compared to the AB group.ConclusionsThe SPS2 and SKS2 performance measures were found to have excellent inter-rater and intersession reliability in both AB participants and participants with LEI. Further, participants with LEI performed significantly slower than the AB participants. Excellent reliability and responsiveness to deficits associated with LEI support the use of the SPS2 and SKS2 to assess mobility in individuals with LEI. Transitions between the ground and standing occur in many occupational and daily tasks. These reliable performance measures that assess ground-to-stand transitions can be applied widely, in many populations beyond highly functioning service members with LEI.
The Capability Gap in Occupational Health Information Management
Authors: Krahl Pamela L , Mirza Raúl A , Rice William A 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTThe lack of an integrated approach to data capture, information management, and analysis limits the contribution of occupational and environmental medicine to protecting 2.3 million uniformed and civilian DoD workers. Despite an abundance of military information systems that include the terms “Safety” and “Occupational Health” in their names, none of these systems provide capabilities needed to aggregate and analyze the results of occupational medicine exams, use medical surveillance to mitigate exposure incidents, provide enterprise-level management of occupational medicine services, or comply with privacy and recordkeeping law and regulation. Instead, they provide a patchwork of data that meets most regulatory compliance requirements but fails to achieve the true objectives of occupational health programs. Bridging these capability gaps will improve the occupational health care of the DoD workforce, improve the quality of occupational medicine services, increase public trust in the DoD management of exposure incidents, and potentially generate hundreds of millions of dollars through cost-avoidance on workers’ compensation claims and through identification and elimination of non–value-added medical certification exams. The ongoing Military Health System transformation represents a unique opportunity to bridge these long-recognized but persistent capability gaps.
Giant radio galaxies in the LOw-Frequency ARray Two-metre Sky Survey Boötes deep field
Authors: Simonte M , Andernach H , Brüggen M , Schwarz D J , Prandoni I , Willis A G 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
Giant radio galaxies (GRGs) are radio galaxies that have projected linear extents of more than 700 kpc or 1 Mpc, depending on definition. We have carried out a careful visual inspection in search of GRGs of the Boötes LOw-Frequency ARray Deep Field image at 150 MHz. We identified 74 GRGs with a projected size larger than 0.7 Mpc of which 38 are larger than 1 Mpc. The resulting GRG sky density is about 2.8 (1.43) GRGs per square degree for GRGs with linear size larger than 0.7 (1) Mpc. We studied their radio properties and the accretion state of the host galaxies using deep optical and infrared survey data and determined flux densities for these GRGs from available survey images at both 54 MHz and 1.4 GHz to obtain integrated radio spectral indices. We show the location of the GRGs in the P–D diagram. The accretion mode on to the central black holes of the GRG hosts is radiatively inefficient suggesting that the central engines are not undergoing massive accretion at the time of the emission. Interestingly, 14 out of 35 GRGs for which optical spectra are available show a moderate star-formation rate (10–100 $\rm M_{\odot }\,yr^{-1}$). Based on the number density of optical galaxies taken from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument survey DR9 photometric redshift catalogue, we found no significant differences between the environments of GRGs and other radio galaxies, at least for redshift up to z = 0.7.
Von Zeipel – Lidov – Kozai cycles in action: Kepler triples with eclipse depth variations: KICs 6964043, 5653126, 5731312, and 8023317
Authors: Borkovits T , Rappaport S A , Toonen S , Moe M , Mitnyan T , Csányi I 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
We report the results of the photodynamical analyses of four compact, tight triple stellar systems, KICs 6964043, 5653126, 5731312, and 8023317, based largely on Kepler and TESS data. All systems display remarkable eclipse timing and eclipse depth variations, the latter implying a non-aligned outer orbit. Moreover, KIC 6964043 is also a triply eclipsing system. We combined photometry, ETV curves, and archival spectral energy distribution data to obtain the astrophysical parameters of the constituent stars and the orbital elements with substantial precision. KICs 6964043 and 5653126 were found to be nearly flat with mutual inclinations imut = 4${_{.}^{\circ}}$1 and 12${_{.}^{\circ}}$3, respectively, while KICs 5731312 and 8023317 (imut = 39${_{.}^{\circ}}$4 and 55${_{.}^{\circ}}$7, respectively) are found to lie in the high imut regime of the von Zeipel-Kozai-Lidov (ZKL) theorem. We show that, currently, both high inclination triples exhibit observable unusual retrograde apsidal motion. Moreover, the eclipses will disappear in all but one of the four systems within a few decades. Short-term numerical integrations of the dynamical evolution reveal that both high inclination triples are currently subject to ongoing, large amplitude (Δe ∼ 0.3) inner eccentricity variations on centuries-long time-scales, in accord with the ZKL theorem. Longer-term integrations predict that two of the four systems may become dynamically unstable on ∼ Gyr time-scales, while in the other two triples common envelope phases and stellar mergers may occur. Finally, we investigate the dynamical properties of a sample of 71 KIC/TIC triples statistically, and find that the mutual inclinations and outer mass ratios are anticorrelated at the 4σ level. We discuss the implications for the formation mechanisms of compact triples.
Peculiar motion of Solar system from the Hubble diagram of supernovae Ia and its implications for cosmology
Authors: Singal Ashok K 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTPeculiar motion of the Solar system, determined from the dipole anisotropy in the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR), has given a velocity 370 km s−1 along RA = 168°, Dec. = −7°. Subsequent peculiar motion determinations from the number counts, sky brightness, or redshift dipoles observed in large samples of distant radio galaxies and quasars yielded peculiar velocities 2 to 10 times larger than CMBR, though in all cases the directions matched with the CMBR dipole. Here, we introduce a novel technique for determining the peculiar motion from the magnitude-redshift (mB–z) Hubble diagram of Type Ia Supernovae (SN Ia), one of the best standard candles available. We find a peculiar velocity 1.6 ± 0.5 × 103 km s−1, larger than the CMBR value roughly by a factor of four, along RA = 173° ± 12°, Dec. = 10° ± 9°, the direction being within $\stackrel{\lt }{_{\sim }}2\sigma$ of the CMBR dipole. Since a genuine solar motion would not depend upon the method or the data set employed, large discrepancies seen among various dipole amplitudes could imply that these dipoles, including the CMBR one, might not pertain to observer’s peculiar motion. However, a common direction for various dipoles might indicate a preferred direction in the Universe, implying an intrinsic anisotropy, in violation of the cosmological principle, a cornerstone of the modern cosmology.
Tidal disruption events by compact supermassive black hole binaries
Authors: Ryu Taeho , Trani Alessandro A , Leigh Nathan W C 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
Stars can be tidally destroyed or swallowed by supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs). Using a large number of few-body simulations, we investigate the enhancement and suppression of full and partial disruption and direct capture events by hard SMBHBs with wide ranges of key parameters, i.e. the primary BH mass ($M_{\rm BH, 1}= 10^{5}{-}10^{8}\, {\rm M}_{\odot }$), the binary mass ratio (10−3–1), the ratio of the binary semimajor axis to the hardening radius (10−4–1), the binary eccentricity (0.0–0.9) and the stellar mass $(0.3{-}3\, {\rm M}_{\odot})$. This is a significant extension of the parameter space compared to previous work. We show that the encounter probabilities of all three events are well-described by the encounter cross-section. The probability of full tidal disruption events (FTDEs) by SMBHBs can be enhanced by up to a factor of 40–50 or suppressed by up to a factor of 10, relative to that by single BHs, depending on the binary parameters. Relativistic effects can provide an additional enhancement of the FTDE probability by less than a factor of 2–3 for $M_{\rm BH, 1}&gt; 10^{7}\, {\rm M}_{\odot }$. We provide a fitting formula for the FTDE probability by SMBHBs that works for a wide range of parameters. Partial disruption events can occur multiple times before FTDEs or direct captures, and their probabilities can be greater than that of FTDEs by a factor of three. Because partial disruption events can induce stellar spins and mass loss, and change the orbits, it can significantly affect the overall FTDE rate and the shape of the light curves.
A transient ultraluminous X-ray source in NGC 55
Authors: Robba A , Pinto C , Pintore F , Rodriguez G , Ambrosi E , Barra F , Cusumano G , D’Aì A , Del Santo M , Kosec P , Marino A , Middleton M , Roberts T , Salvaggio C , Soria R , Wolter A , Walton D 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
Ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) are a class of accreting compact objects with X-ray luminosities above 1039 erg s−1 . The average number of ULXs per galaxy is still not well-constrained, especially given the uncertainty on the fraction of ULX transients. Here, we report the identification of a new transient ULX in the galaxy NGC 55 (which we label as ULX-2), thanks to recent XMM–Newton and the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory observations. This object was previously classified as a transient X-ray source with a luminosity around a few 1038 erg s−1 in a 2010 XMM–Newton observation. Thanks to new and deeper observations (∼130 ks each), we show that the source reaches a luminosity peak &gt;1.6 × 1039 erg s−1. The X-ray spectrum of ULX-2 is much softer than in previous observations and fits in the class of soft ULXs. It can be well-described using a model with two thermal components, as often found in ULXs. The time-scales of the X-ray variability are of the order of a month and are likely driven by small changes in the accretion rate or due to super-orbital modulations, attributed to precession of the accretion disc, which is similar to other ULXs.
Radial velocities from far-red spectra of Carina Arm O and early B stars
Authors: Drew J E , Blake-Parsons F , Mohr-Smith M 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
Massive O and early B stars are important markers of recent star formation and exert a significant influence on their environments during their short lives via photoionization and winds and when they explode as supernovae. In the Milky Way, they can be detected at great distances but often lie behind large dust columns, making detection at short wavelengths difficult. In this study, the use of the less extinguished far-red spectrum (8400–8800 Å) for radial velocity measurement is examined. Results are reported for a sample of 164 confirmed OB stars within a 2° field positioned on the Carina Arm. Most stars are at distances between 3 and 6 kpc, and Westerlund 2 is at the field edge. The measured radial velocities have errors concentrated in the 3–10 km s−1 range, with a systematic uncertainty of 2–3 km s−1. These are combined with Gaia-mission astrometry to allow full space motions to be constructed. Up to 22 stars are likely to be runaways, although 8 of them are as likely to be interloping (so far undetected) binaries. The mean azimuthal motion of the sample fits in with recent measurements of Galactic disc rotation. In the Galactocentric radial direction, the mean motion indicates modest infall at a speed of ∼10 km s−1. This experiment shows that weak Paschen lines in the far-red can yield credible radial velocity determination, offering the prospect of exploring OB-star kinematics over much more of the Galactic disc than has hitherto been possible.
Comparative Genomics of the Waterfowl Innate Immune System
Authors: Jax Elinor , Franchini Paolo , Sekar Vaishnovi , Ottenburghs Jente , Monné Parera Daniel , Kellenberger Roman T , Magor Katharine E , Müller Inge , Wikelski Martin , Kraus Robert H S 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAnimal species differ considerably in their ability to fight off infections. Finding the genetic basis of these differences is not easy, as the immune response is comprised of a complex network of proteins that interact with one another to defend the body against infection. Here, we used population- and comparative genomics to study the evolutionary forces acting on the innate immune system in natural hosts of the avian influenza virus (AIV). For this purpose, we used a combination of hybrid capture, next- generation sequencing and published genomes to examine genetic diversity, divergence, and signatures of selection in 127 innate immune genes at a micro- and macroevolutionary time scale in 26 species of waterfowl. We show across multiple immune pathways (AIV-, toll-like-, and RIG-I -like receptors signalling pathways) that genes involved genes in pathogen detection (i.e., toll-like receptors) and direct pathogen inhibition (i.e., antimicrobial peptides and interferon-stimulated genes), as well as host proteins targeted by viral antagonist proteins (i.e., mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein, [MAVS]) are more likely to be polymorphic, genetically divergent, and under positive selection than other innate immune genes. Our results demonstrate that selective forces vary across innate immune signaling signalling pathways in waterfowl, and we present candidate genes that may contribute to differences in susceptibility and resistance to infectious diseases in wild birds, and that may be manipulated by viruses. Our findings improve our understanding of the interplay between host genetics and pathogens, and offer the opportunity for new insights into pathogenesis and potential drug targets.
Care processes and outcomes of deprivation across the clinical course of kidney disease: findings from a high-income country with universal healthcare
Authors: Sawhney Simon , Blakeman Tom , Blana Dimitra , Boyers Dwayne , Fluck Nick , Nath Mintu , Methven Shona , Rzewuska Magdalena , Black Corri 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
No single study contrasts the extent and consequences of inequity of kidney care across the clinical course of kidney disease.

Methods
This population study of Grampian (UK) followed incident presentations of acute kidney injury (AKI) and incident estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) thresholds of &lt;60, &lt;45 and &lt;30 mL/min/1.73 m2 in separate cohorts (2011–2021). The key exposure was area-level deprivation (lowest quintile of the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation). Outcomes were care processes (monitoring, prescribing, appointments, unscheduled care), long-term mortality and kidney failure. Modelling involved multivariable logistic regression, negative binomial regression and cause-specific Cox models with and without adjustment of comorbidities.

Results
There were 41 313, 51 190, 32 171 and 17 781 new presentations of AKI and eGFR thresholds &lt;60, &lt;45 and &lt;30 mL/min/1.73 m2. A total of 6.1–7.8% of the population was from deprived areas and (versus all others) presented on average 5 years younger, with more diabetes and pulmonary and liver disease. Those from deprived areas were more likely to present initially in hospital, less likely to receive community monitoring, less likely to attend appointments and more likely to have an unplanned emergency department or hospital admission episode. Deprivation had the greatest association with long-term kidney failure at the eGFR &lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m2 threshold {adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.48 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.17–1.87]} and this association decreased with advancing disease severity [HR 1.09 (95% CI 0.93–1.28) at eGFR &lt;30 mL/min/1.73 m2), with a similar pattern for mortality. Across all analyses the most detrimental associations of deprivation were an eGFR threshold &lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m2, AKI, males and those &lt;65 years of age.

Conclusions
Even in a high-income country with universal healthcare, serious and consistent inequities in kidney care exist. The poorer care and outcomes with area-level deprivation were greater earlier in the disease course.
Interventions for Integrating Behavioral Health Services Into HIV Clinical Care: A Narrative Review
Authors: Goldhammer Hilary , Marc Linda G , Chavis Nicole S , Psihopaidas Demetrios , Massaquoi Massah , Cahill Sean , Bryant Hannah , Bourdeau Beth , Mayer Kenneth H , Cohen Stacy M , Keuroghlian Alex S 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The integration of behavioral health services within human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) care settings holds promise for improving substance use, mental health, and HIV-related health outcomes for people with HIV. As part of an initiative funded by the Health Resources and Services Administration’s HIV/AIDS Bureau, we conducted a narrative review of interventions focused on behavioral health integration (BHI) in HIV care in the United States (US). Our literature search yielded 19 intervention studies published between 2010 and 2021. We categorized the interventions under 6 approaches: collaborative care; screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT); patient-reported outcomes (PROs); onsite psychological consultation; integration of addiction specialists; and integration of buprenorphine/naloxone (BUP/NX) treatment. All intervention approaches appeared feasible to implement in diverse HIV care settings and most showed improvements in behavioral health outcomes; however, measurement of HIV outcomes was limited. Future research studies of BHI interventions should evaluate HIV outcomes and assess facilitators and barriers to intervention uptake.