bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PENGUNGKAPAN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPOSIBILITY DAN CURRENT RATIO TERHADAP EARNING RESPONSE COEFFICIENT PADA PERUSAHAAN SUB SEKTOR MAKANAN DAN MINUMAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA (BEI)
Authors: Sembiring Khairutdin , Kurnianingsih Heny Triastuti , Rangkuti Lusi Elviani 
Published: January 2022

This study entitled "The Effect of Current Ratio and Disclosure of Corporate Social Responsibility on Earning Response Coefficient in Food and Beverage Sub-Sector Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX)". The purpose of this study is to explain how much influence the Current Ratio and disclosure of Corporate Social Responsibility have. simultaneously on the Earning Response Coefficient of food and beverage sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2018-2020. This research is a quantitative descriptive study with data analysis techniques used, namely multiple linear regression and hypothesis testing (t test and f test). In this study, the sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The data collection technique in this study is documentation, by collecting data on financial statements and annual reports of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018-2020. The results of the partial test (t test) show that the variable Current Ratio has no effect on the Earning Response Coefficient. This is indicated by tcount t table (0.780 1.984). Meanwhile, the CSR Disclosure variable has no effect on the Earning Response Coefficient. This is indicated by the value of tcountttable (-1.551.994). While the results of the simultaneous test (f test) of the two independent variables on the dependent variable show that the acquisition of the value of Fcount Ftable (0.309 3.10), meaning that the Current Ratio (X1) and CSR Disclosure (X2) simultaneously have no significant effect on Earning Response. Coefficient on food and beverage sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2018-2020.
पौभाः र थान्का चित्रहरूमा रेखाद्वारा निर्मित आकार–प्रकार बीचको तुलनात्मक अध्ययन {A comparative study between the shapes and types formed by lines in the Paubha and Thanka paintings}
Authors: पौडेल Poudel मकुन्द Mukunda 
Published: January 2022

नेवारी शब्दको रूपमा परिचित पौभाः र तिब्बती शब्दको रूपमा परिचित थान्का चित्रमा प्रयोग भएका हरेक विषयवस्तुहरूएउटै जस्तो देखिएता पनि तिनीहरूका आकार–प्रकार बीच भिन्नता रहेको पाइन्छ । चित्रमा देखिने देवीदेवताहरू, उनीहरूलेपहिरिएका आभूषणहरू, वस्त्र लगायत मानवाकृति, धर्मगुरु, पशुपंक्षीका आकृतिहरूको साथै दृश्य चित्रमा प्रयोग हुने बादल,बोटबिरुवा, रूख, आगो, पानी आदि हरेक विषयवस्तुलाई गतिशिल र प्रवाही रेखाद्वारा आआफ्नै भित्र र मौलिक आकार–प्रकारमाढालेर चित्रमा प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ । जसले गर्दा यिनीहरूका विषयवस्तुहरूको बनौट र आकार–प्रकारमा भित्रता आएको छ । तर तीआकार–प्रकारहरू बीच त्यति ठूलो भिन्नता चाहिँ देखिँदैन । यो लेखले थान्का र पौभाः चित्रहरूमा केकस्ता र कसरी आकारप्रकारहरू प्रयोग भएका छन् भत्रे बारेमा तुलनात्मक अध्ययन गर्ने कोशिस गरेको छ । {Although the Newari word pauvaha and the Tibetan word thanka used in the painting seem to be the same, they differ in shape and form. The gods and goddesses seen in the picture, the ornaments they are wearing, the garments including human figures, religious leaders, animal and bird figures as well as the clouds, plants, trees, fire, water etc. Due to which, there is an intrusion in the structure and shape of these subjects. But there is not much difference between the three types. This article attempts to make a comparative study of what and how shapes are used in Thanka and Paubha paintings.}
Morphometric comparison of Fisch type A and endoscopic endonasal far-medial supracondylar approaches to the jugular foramen
Authors: Hara Takuma , Mahmoud Mohammad Salah , Martinez-Perez Rafael , McGahan Ben G. , Hardesty Douglas A. , Albonette-Felicio Thiago , Carrau Ricardo L. , Prevedello Daniel M. 
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE
The jugular foramen (JF) is one of the most complex and challenging skull base regions to approach surgically. The extreme medial approach to access the JF provides the approach angle from an anterior direction and does not require dissection and sacrifice of the jugular bulb (JB) to reach the pars nervosa. The authors compared the Fisch type A approach to the extreme medial approach to access the JF and evaluated the usefulness of the extreme medial approach.

METHODS
This study was performed at the Anatomical Laboratory for Visuospatial Innovations in Otolaryngology and Neurosurgery of The Ohio State University. For the comparison of surgical maneuverability and visualization, two angles were measured: 1) the angle of attack (AoA), defined as the widest angle of movement achieved with a straight dissector; and 2) the angle of endoscopic exposure (AoEE), defined as the widest angle of movement in the nasal cavity. The differences in eustachian tube (ET) management, approach angle, surgical maneuverability, and surgical application of the Fisch type A approach to the extreme medial approach were compared.

RESULTS
There was no difference between ET mobilization and transection regarding cranial-caudal (CC) or medial-lateral (ML) AoA (p = 0.646). The CC-AoA of the Fisch type A approach was significantly wider than the CC-AoA of the extreme medial approach (p = 0.001), and the CC-AoEE was significantly wider than the CC-AoA of the extreme medial approach (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the CC-AoA of the Fisch type A approach and the CC-AoEE. The ML-AoA of the Fisch type A approach was significantly wider than the ML-AoA of the extreme medial approach (p = 0.033), and the ML-AoEE was significantly wider than ML-AoA in the extreme medial approach (p < 0.001). The ML-AoEE was significantly wider than the ML-AoA in the Fisch type A approach (p = 0.033).

CONCLUSIONS
The surgical maneuverability of the extreme medial approach was not inferior to that of the Fisch type A approach. The extreme medial approach can provide excellent surgical field visualization, while preserving the JB. Select cases of chordomas, chondrosarcomas, and JF schwannomas should be considered for an extreme medial approach. These two approaches are complementary, and a case-by-case detailed analysis should be conducted to decide the best approach.
Deep brain stimulation for extreme behaviors associated with autism spectrum disorder converges on a common pathway: a systematic review and connectomic analysis
Authors: Yan Han , Elkaim Lior M. , Venetucci Gouveia Flavia , Huber Joelene F. , Germann Jurgen , Loh Aaron , Benedetti-Isaac Juan Carlos , Doshi Paresh K. , Torres Cristina V. , Segar David J. , Elias Gavin J. B. , Boutet Alexandre , Cosgrove G. Rees , Fasano Alfonso , Lozano Andres M. , Kulkarni Abhaya V. , Ibrahim George M. 
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE
Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may display extreme behaviors such as self-injury or aggression that often become refractory to psychopharmacology or behavioral intervention. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a surgical alternative that modulates brain circuits that have yet to be clearly elucidated. In the current study the authors performed a connectomic analysis to identify brain circuitry engaged by DBS for extreme behaviors associated with ASD.

METHODS
A systematic review was performed to identify prior reports of DBS as a treatment for extreme behaviors in patients with ASD. Individual patients’ perioperative imaging was collected from corresponding authors. DBS electrode localization and volume of tissue activated modeling were performed. Volumes of tissue activated were used as seed points in high-resolution normative functional and structural imaging templates. The resulting individual functional and structural connectivity maps were pooled to identify networks and pathways that are commonly engaged by all targets.

RESULTS
Nine patients with ASD who were receiving DBS for symptoms of aggression or self-injurious behavior were identified. All patients had some clinical improvement with DBS. Connectomic analysis of 8 patients (from the systematic review and unpublished clinical data) demonstrated a common anatomical area of shared circuitry within the anterior limb of the internal capsule. Functional analysis of 4 patients identified a common network of distant brain areas including the amygdala, insula, and anterior cingulate engaged by DBS.

CONCLUSIONS
This study presents a comprehensive synopsis of the evidence for DBS in the treatment of extreme behaviors associated with ASD. Using network mapping, the authors identified key circuitry common to DBS targets.
Postoperative magnetic resonance imaging may predict poor outcome in children with severe traumatic brain injuries who undergo cranial surgery
Authors: Baker Cordell M. , Cox Andrew Parker , Hunsaker Joshua C. , Scoville Jonathan , Bollo Robert J. 
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE
Multiple studies have evaluated the use of MRI for prognostication in pediatric patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and have found a correlation between diffuse axonal injury (DAI)–type lesions and outcome. However, there remains a limited understanding about the use of MRI for prognostication after severe TBI in children who have undergone cranial surgery.

METHODS
Children with severe TBI who underwent craniectomy or craniotomy at Primary Children’s Hospital in Salt Lake City, Utah, between 2010 and 2019 were identified retrospectively. Of these 92 patients, 43 underwent postoperative brain MRI within 4 months of surgery. Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) and FLAIR sequences were used to designate areas of hemorrhagic and nonhemorrhagic cerebral lesions related to DAI. Patients were then stratified based on the location of the DAI as read by a neuroradiologist as superficial, deep, or brainstem. The location of the DAI and other variables associated with poor outcome, including Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, pediatric trauma score, mechanism of injury, and time to surgery, were analyzed for correlation with poor outcome. Outcomes were reported using the King’s Outcome Scale for Childhood Head Injury (KOSCHI).

RESULTS
In the 43 children with severe TBI who underwent postoperative brain MRI, the median GCS score on arrival was 4. The most common cause of injury was falls (14 patients, 33%). The most common primary intracranial pathology was subdural hematoma in 26 patients (60%), followed by epidural hematoma in 9 (21%). Fifteen patients (35%) had cerebral herniation and 31 (72%) had evidence of contusion. Variables associated with poor outcome included cerebral herniation (r = 0.338, p = 0.027) and location of DAI (r = 0.319, p = 0.037). In a separate analysis, brainstem DAI was shown to predict poor outcome, whereas location (no, superficial, or deep DAI) did not. Logistic regression showed that brainstem DAI (OR 22.3, p = 0.020) had a higher odds ratio than cerebral herniation (OR 10.5, p = 0.044) for poor outcome. Thirty-six children (84%) had a satisfactory outcome at last follow-up; 3 (7%) children died.

CONCLUSIONS
The majority of children in this series who presented with a severe TBI and underwent craniectomy or craniotomy made a satisfactory recovery. In patients in whom there is a concern for poor outcome, the location of DAI-type lesions with SWI and FLAIR may assist in prognostication. The authors’ results revealed that DAI-type lesions in the brainstem and evidence of cerebral herniation may indicate a poorer prognosis; however, more studies with larger cohorts are needed to make definitive conclusions.
FACTORES QUE INFLUYEN EN EL DESARROLLO DE PROYECTOS EN INSTITUCIONES PÚBLICAS
Authors: Reyes Ramírez Raúl Eduardo , Castro Castillo Deborah Mercedes , Díaz Espinoza Maribel , Zapata Quispe Raquel 
Published: January 2022

El presente artículo aborda el desarrollo de alternativas respondiendo a necesidades de colectivos humanos, los objetivos se inspiran en un trabajo de investigación en desarrollo que persigue identificar los elementos de diseño de un proyecto especial, diagnosticar los factores que inciden en la ejecución de proyectos especiales, determinar los factores para la mejora de estos proyectos, en este sentido, la respuesta estratégica para identificar las necesidades y su aplicación a carencias como la salud, educación, empleo, acceso a la vivienda y servicios eléctricos, y sanitarios que afectan a los ciudadanos, Munsibay (2019), Armendáriz & Fretes, (2017), Lovón (2019), entre otros, destacan la existencia de necesidades y cómo los proyectos aporten respuestas para la población, la metodología es investigación empírica, como fenómeno contemporáneo en entorno real con informantes de la gestión de proyectos especiales, analizando creación y gestión. Los resultados estarán orientados por Project Managment Institute (PMI), zonas de conocimiento, debatiendo la desviación de costos, tiempo en la ejecución, calidad de logro, llegando a conclusiones y recomendaciones vinculadas a estos bajo los lineamientos de la teoría general de sistemas cuyo enfoque profundiza las características a nivel estructural y funcional de los proyectos como sistemas activos, flexibles y auditables.
Palabras clave: Proyectos especiales- sistemas activos - respuesta estratégica
Desarrollo del pensamiento crítico en estudiantes de educación media.
Authors: Gutiérrez Cárdenas María Cristina , Espinal Farfan Carmen Angelica , Rubina Ticlla María Elena 
Published: January 2022

Introducción. El progresivo incremento de las competencias cognitivas, los nuevos escenarios generados por fenómenos emergentes, los altos índices de incertidumbre para una toma de decisiones adecuadas, así como la complejidad con la que deben ser abordados con responsabilidad y con plena conciencia de las probables consecuencias, requieren que el pensamiento crítico sea enseñado desde las aulas, a través del uso de la virtualidad, para que se convierta en una herramienta útil en la cotidianeidad y se avance de cara a los nuevos escenarios con cautela y valorando tanto los riesgos como las ventajas. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar el pensamiento crítico en la educación media, para ello fueron analizados 31 artículos de bases de datos indizadas. El método: se realizó una investigación de revisión de literatura científica, los datos se analizaron con un software para investigación cualitativa y fueron sometidos a análisis de contenido, Resultados: de las categorías identificadas muestran que se fundamenta en criterios, es autocorrectivo y es flexible al contexto; Conclusiones: que el pensamiento crítico es una habilidad de orden superior que requiere una serie de procesos como fundamentación, autorreflexión, contextualización, se nutre del conocimiento y la experiencia y se desarrolla tanto en ambientes presenciales como en escenarios virtuales.
Palabras clave: Pensamiento crítico, autocorrección, flexibilización.
Interpretation of Tourist Attracion in Japanese Language at Penglipuran Village, Bali
Authors: Renold Renold , Marannu Eppang Buntu , Wijaya Darsyaf Hadi , Usman Ode 
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) untuk mengetahui interpretasi personal dalam bahasa Jepang oleh pemandu wisata pada daya tarik wisata desa Penglipuran dan (2) untuk mengetahui penerapan interpretasi non personal dalam bahasa Jepang oleh pemandu wisata pada daya tarik wisata desa Penglipuran. Pengumpulan data dari penelitian ini diambil dengan teknik: wawancara, dokumentasi dan observasi serta analisis data dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif.
Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pemandu wisata wisatawan Jepang yang melakukan pemanduan khususnya dalam bahasa Jepang di kawasan daya tarik wisata desa Penglipuran sudah maksimal kepada setiap wisatawan yang berkunjung di kawasan desa Penglipuran dengan melakukan persiapan seperti menyiapkan alat bantu seperti bendera, pengeras suara dan sebagainya sebelum melakukan pemanduan dan hingga pada proses memberikan pelayanan dalam memberikan informasi kepada wisatawan yang bertujuan untuk menciptakan kesan yang baik terhadap setiap wisatawan yang berkunjung dan agar wisatawan yang berkunjung bisa mendapatkan informasi dan pemahaman yang baik terhadap desa Penglipuran. Dalam memberikan informasi maupun interpretasi, pemandu wisata menggunakan teknik yang disebut dengan TORE (Thematic, Organized, Relevant, Enjoyable). Pemandu wisata menggunakan gestur ketika ada kesulitan menerjemahakan dalam bahsa jepang padanan kosa katanya hal ini bertujuan agar program interpretasi bisa berjalan dengan baik dan menyenangkan. Penerapan dan pemanfaatan media interpretasi non personal yang telah tersedia di desa Penglipuran oleh pemandu wisata asing Jepang sudah sangat baik hal ini dapat dilihat dari beberapa papan nama situs sudah terintegrasi dengan informasi yang diakses secara digital. Terdapat pula papan rambu yang tertulis dalam bahsa Jepang.

KEY WORDS: Bahasa Jepang, Interpretasi, Personal, Non Personal
Using Wastewater for Agriculture in Faisalabad: Appraisal of Socio-Cultural and Economic Outcomes
Authors: Nawaz Waseem , Sher Falak , Batool Zahira , Musa Muhammad , Mahmood Sadaf 
Published: January 2022

The urban slums deprived of basic human needs like drinking water, and sanitation facilities are spreading in major cities like Faisalabad, Karachi, and Lahore. The wastewater generated in houses and foul water of rain is being thrown away directly into open channels or in covered sewers. The wastewater collected at disposal stations either after treatment or as such is being used for agriculture purposes by farmers placed in surrounding villages. The reuse of wastewater for agriculture is influencing the physical ecosystem as well as cultural and socio-economic situations of the community. The study was carried out to appraise cultural and socio-economic outcomes of using wastewater for agriculture in Department of Sociology, Government College University Faisalabad during January-March 2020. The data were collected both from primary and secondary sources. Certain transact walks in area of the study were made and consultative meetings with key informants were also held. 60 farmers who were using wastewater for agriculture, were selected by simple random sampling techniques. The appraisal of data revealed that reuse of wastewater for agriculture activities had positive impacts on cultural and socio-economic aspects of the rural community. The results indicated that reuse of wastewater for agriculture activities had many positive impacts on cultural and socio-economic aspects of the rural population. Price of agricultural land, rent of land, and households’ monthly income were increased. Employment opportunities were also generated. The perception of community about most of the environmental improvement was better. However, perception of farmers about impact on public health, soil structure and groundwater resources were medium or low. It is also concluded that use of wastewater for agriculture is a beneficial source of plant nutrients and organic matter required for retaining the richness and output levels of soil that enhance living standards of inhabitants and lessen poverty.
Ocular Effects of Glycyrrhizin at Acidic and Neutral pH
Authors: Somayajulu Mallika , McClellan Sharon A. , Bessert Denise A. , Pitchaikannu Ahalya , Hazlett Linda D. 
Published: January 2022

PurposeTo test the effects of acidic vs. neutral pH glycyrrhizin (GLY) on the unwounded and wounded normal mouse cornea and after infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates KEI 1025 and multidrug-resistant MDR9.MethodsAcidic or neutral GLY vs. phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was topically applied to normal or wounded corneas of C57BL/6 mice. In unwounded corneas, goblet cells and corneal nerves were stained and quantitated. After wounding, corneas were fluorescein stained and photographed using a slit lamp. Mice also were infected with KEI 1025 or MDR9 and the protective effects of GLY pH evaluated comparatively.ResultsIn the unwounded cornea, application of acidic or neutral GLY vs. PBS reduced the number of bulbar conjunctival goblet cells but did not alter corneal nerve density. Similar application of GLY to scarified corneas delayed wound closure. After KEI 1025 infection, none of the GLY vs. PBS-treated corneas perforated; GLY treatment also decreased plate count (neutral pH more effective) and reduced MPO and several cytokines. Similarly, for MDR9, GLY at either pH was protective and also enhanced the effects of moxifloxacin to which MDR9 is resistant.ConclusionAcidic or neutral pH GLY decreased goblet cell number but had no effect on nerve density. After corneal wounding, GLY at either pH (1) delayed wound closure and, (2) after infection, decreased keratitis when used alone or in combination with moxifloxacin. Neutral pH did not alter the therapeutic effect of GLY and would be preferred if used clinically.
Outcomes Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Saphenous Vein Grafts With and Without Embolic Protection Devices: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yu Jianhong , Zhang Jianhai , Ni Jianchao , Shou Weiqing , Fang Yuanyuan , Fu Suna 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to review studies comparing outcomes following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in saphenous vein grafts (SVG) with and without embolic protection devices (EPD).MethodsDatabases including PubMed Central, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Scopus were searched from January 1964 to April 2021. We used the Cochrane risk of bias tool and the Newcastle Ottawa scale to assess the quality of published studies based on study design. From the results, we carried out a meta-analysis with a random-effects model and reported pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% CI.ResultsIn total, 11 studies were analyzed that included 79,009 total participants. EPD use had significantly lower odds of mortality (pooled OR = 0.69; 95% CI: 0.5–0.94). There was no significant difference in terms of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (pooled OR = 0.83; 95% CI: 0.67–1.03), target vessel revascularization (pooled OR = 1; 95% CI: 0.95–1.05), periprocedural (pooled OR = 1.12; 95% CI: 0.65–1.9) and late myocardial infarction (MI) (pooled OR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.55–1.14) with or without EPD for PCI in SVG patients.ConclusionAlthough not statistically beneficial for MACE, target vessel revascularization, periprocedural, and late MI, EPD use does appear to significantly reduce mortality for the patients undergoing PCI in SVG. Clinicians might consider using EPD for such patients to reduce the burden of post-procedural morbidity and mortality.