bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Porcine Model for Open Robotic Thyroidectomy
Authors: Funk Emily , Park Won Seo , Richter Florian , Ostrander Benjamin T. , Yip Michael , Weissbrod Philip A. , Orosco Ryan K. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Well-defined, simple surgical models are useful in translational research in that they provide real world scenarios to evaluate novel technologies. Open porcine thyroidectomy has been used for several decades as a model to study nerve injury in thyroid surgery, but published anatomic descriptions are many decades old. In recent years, experience in robotic thyroidectomy surgery has led to refinements in approach and technique in humans. We present a contemporary review of porcine thyroidectomy with a novel description of an open robotic surgical approach.
Methods
Porcine cadaveric anatomy study.
Results
The porcine infrahyoid musculature is comparable to humans. The primary arterial supply to the thyroid gland comes from the thyroid artery, a branch of the omocervical artery. Thyroid veins can also be identified bilaterally. There is a single thyroid lobe located anterior to the trachea with two parathyroid glands. Open robotic thyroidectomy is described using two instruments (grasping forceps and monopolar cautery) and standardized surgical steps are defined. Dissection around the thyroid parenchyma requires mobilization of prominent thymus tissue. The recurrent laryngeal nerve in the tracheoesophageal groove is separate from the thyroid parenchyma.
Conclusion
Porcine thyroid anatomy is similar to humans. A key difference is the separation between the thyroid parenchyma and the recurrent laryngeal nerves. The ease of setup, access, and simplicity of instrument manipulation makes open robotic porcine thyroidectomy advantageous for translational research purposes. Characterizing the anatomy and defining the surgical steps may help standardize future research efforts toward open, robotic, and minimal-access thyroid surgery.
Evaluation of Oocyte Maturation in Experimental PCOS Model
Authors: Onal Tuna , Uyar Yildiz , Vatansever H. Seda 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Aim
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disease and is the most common cause of infertility in women due to ovulation disorder. Although the distinctive morphological features of the polycystic ovary were clearly evaluated, the specific oocyte maturation molecules that are affect oocyte maturation and oocyte quality are currently not understood. In addition, the effect of drugs used to induce ovulation in PCOS on oocyte maturation is unknown. In this study it is aimed to investigate the changes of oocyte maturation proteins (Nobox, Foxl2, Cep55, Cx37, Cx43) post ovulation induction treatment.
Materials and Methods
Four-week-old, female Balb/c mice were subcutaneously injected 6mg/100g dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) for 21 consecutive days for experimental PCOS models and divided four groups. In control group, no injections performed. PCOS group, after DHEA administration was not applied any treatment. Treatment groups were given clomiphene citrate (1,5 mg/kg) alone or clomiphene citrate (1,5 mg/kg), metformin (12 mg/kg) and pioglitazone (0,20 mg/kg) as a combine for consecutive 5 days. The distributions of molecules were evaluated by indirect immunoperoxidase staining method in ovarian tissues and immunofluorescence staining method for oocytes. Intensity of immunofluorescence evaluated by ImageJ.
Results
The formation of the PCOS model was demonstrated by the glucose tolerance test, histological and morphological evidence. It was determined that the expression of all investigated molecules significantly decreased in the ovarian tissues of PCOS group but increased in the treated groups. In oocytes, intensities of Nobox, Foxl2, Cep55 and Cx43 were significantly increased in clomiphene citrate administered group compared to the PCOS group.
Conclusion
This study is the first to investigate the effect of drugs used for providing ovulation induction and reducing insulin resistance as single or combined treatments in PCOS mice model through maturation molecules. Both in vivo and in vitro oocyte maturation may trigger with target-specific treatment in PCOS patients. In addition, new molecules could be used in control of the in vitro oocyte maturation during treatment.
Evaluations of imputation methods for missing data with random forest modeling: an application with unbalanced data with a three categories outcome, the linkage to HIV care Uganda study
Authors: Mendoza Nadia B. , Bailey Barbara A. , Kiene Susan M. , Menzies Nicolas A. , Wanyenze Rhoda K. , Schmarje Katherine A. , Ediau Michael , Kalichman Seth C. , Naigino Rose , Lin Chii-Dean 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Incomplete observation units may contain important information about the population being studied, analysis conducted with the complete portion of the dataset, done in most standard statistical software, may produce biased or low statistical power results. In this paper we investigate the behavior of imputation methods for a linkage to HIV care study dataset with more than 60% incomplete cases.Methods: Missing data imputation algorithms amelia, missForest, mice and hmisc were considered. Two sets of simulations were conducted: first with the subset of data containing only complete observations and second with the whole dataset. Imputation accuracy and general behavior for each imputation algorithm were accessed in the first set. Random forest models were fit to evaluate overall prediction accuracy and sensitivity in both sets of simulations. Results: The imputed values by missForest, a single imputation method, were more accurate for all incomplete variables and scenarios. Median overall prediction accuracy of HIV status, a three levels outcome, was slightly higher after imputations with missForest and amelia (approximately 52%, 61% and 65% for samples of 350, 700 and 1050 units respectively). In general, different missing percentages (20%, 40% and 60%) did not result in large changes in prediction or imputation accuracy and larger sample sizes performance improved for imputation and overall prediction accuracy but mixed results were observed with sensitivity. For the second set of simulations, missForest and amelia produced better overall prediction accuracy with larger samples (1200 versus 350 units). For new HIV positive HIV class, hmisc and mice presented better sensitivity, with median sensitivity 65% versus 50% and approximately 90% versus 20% for samples with 350 and 1200 units respectively, compared to incomplete samples. Conclusions: Imputation with mice and hmisc may be used for imputation when the main interest is to increase sensitivity in predicting new HIV positive. Furthermore, it is interesting to investigate which method gives more advantage for other performance measures of interest. Trial registration: NCT02545673
Full factorial optimization of α-aminophosphonates synthesis using diphenylphosphinic acid as efficient Organocatalyst
Authors: FARREH Meriem , GUEZANE-LAKOUD Samia , BENDJEFFAL Hacene , AISSA Rym , MERABET-KHELASSI Mounia , TOFFANO Martial , ARIBI-ZOUIOUECHE Louisa 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Diphenylphosphinic acid is used as an efficient and simple catalyst for the synthesis of the α-aminophosphonates by multicomponent Kabachnik-Fields reaction in one pot of aromatic aldehyde, aniline and diethylphosphite. Three physicochemical factors including catalyst amount, reaction time and medium temperature were optimized using a full factorial experiment design (FFD). Additionally, a quadratic polynomial regression model was applied for the analysis of the experimental data at a confidence level of 95% with p-values < 0.05. The high signification effect of the reaction time and the medium temperature on the α-aminophosphonates synthesis were confirmed by the statistical analysis. Besides, the diphenylphosphinic acid amount shows an effect on the reaction yield. ANOVA exhibit that the coefficient determination of this model up to 99.25%. This eco-friendly procedure was extended for the preparation of series of the α-aminophosphonates in ethanol as green solvent, giving the desired products with high chemical yields up to 90%.
Long-term impact of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors for secondary prevention in patients with chronic kidney disease who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Fukase Tatsuya , Dohi Tomotaka , Nishio Ryota , Takeuchi Mitsuhiro , Takahashi Norihito , Chikata Yuichi , Endo Hirohisa , Doi Shinichiro , Nishiyama Hiroki , Okai Iwao , Iwata Hiroshi , Okazaki Shinya , Miyauchi Katsumi , Daida Hiroyuki , Minamino Tohru 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The impact of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors for secondary prevention in patients with coronary artery disease and coexisting chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the long-term remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated how RAS inhibitor use affects long-term clinical outcomes in patients with CKD who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). A total of 1190 patients with CKD who underwent their first PCI between 2000 and 2018 were included in this study, and were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of RAS inhibitor use. In total, 293 patients (24.6%) developed 3-point major adverse cardiovascular events (3P-MACE), including cardiovascular death, non-fatal acute coronary syndrome and non-fatal stroke, and 136 patients (11.4%) developed heart failure (HF). The cumulative incidence rate of 3P-MACE in the RAS inhibitor group was significantly lower than in the non-RAS inhibitor group (31.7% vs. 40.2%, log-rank test, p = 0.034). However, the cumulative incidence rate of admission for HF in the RAS inhibitor group was significantly higher than in the non-RAS inhibitor group (28.2% vs. 13.8%, log-rank test, p < 0.001). In conclusion, the long-term RAS inhibitor use in patients with CKD after PCI could contribute to prevention of cardiovascular events but may increase the risk of HF.
An Ecological Study on Regional Disparity in the Provision of Rehabilitation Services Using Open NDB Data Japan
Authors: Morii Yasuhiro , Abiko Kagari , Ishikawa Tomoki , Fujiwara Kensuke , Konomura Keiko , Ogasawara Katsuhiko 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Although medical resources related to rehabilitation services should be optimally allocated and utilized uniformly and efficiently, there is few reports on regional differences in the supply/demand balance and the provision of these services. This study analyzed the regional differences to help policymakers provide more uniform and efficient rehabilitation services and optimal allocation of related resources.
Methods
The subjects were 47 prefectures and nine regions in Japan in 2017. Primary indicators were “supply/utilization ratio”, which was calculated by dividing rehabilitation supply converted to service units, by rehabilitation utilized (utilization) and “utilization/needs ratio”, which was calculated by dividing utilization by needs. The needs were defined as utilization expected from the demographic in each area. The utilization/needs ratios were calculated for overall and individual rehabilitation services. Data required to calculate these indicators were collected from open sources such as NDB Open Data Japan.
Results
The supply/utilization ratios were higher in Shikoku, Kyusyu, Tohoku, and Hokuriku regions, and lower in Kanto and Tokai regions. The number of rehabilitation-related providers per population was larger mostly in the western parts of Japan and lower mostly in the eastern parts. The utilization/needs ratios were higher mostly in the western parts such as Shikoku and Kyusyu regions, and lower mostly in the eastern parts such as Tohoku, and Hokuriku regions. The same trend was seen for utilization/needs ratio of cerebrovascular disease and musculoskeletal disorders rehabilitation, which accounted for approximately 84% of rehabilitation services. For disuse syndrome rehabilitation, such a trend did not exist, and the utilization/needs ratio differed by prefectures.
Conclusions
The surplus in rehabilitation supply was attributed to the larger number of providers in the western parts and less amount of utilization in the eastern parts, indicating regional differences in the provision of rehabilitation services. Since cerebrovascular disease and musculoskeletal disorder rehabilitation accounted for a large part of services, priority should be given to them when considering an increase in uniform and efficient rehabilitation services.
Changes in the sediment load in the Red River system (Vietnam) from 1958- 2021 because of dam-reservoirs
Authors: Quang Nguyen Hao , Ngoc Pham Khanh , Phong Nguyen Tan , Banno Masayuki , Nakagawa Yasuyuki , Cuong Pham Manh , Luan Nguyen Thanh 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

The sediment regime of the Red River system has changed since dams and reservoirs were implemented, with implications for river processes downstream. We analyzed data for the daily discharge (Q) and suspended particulate matter (SPM) concentrations collected from 1958–2021 at the Son Tay hydrological gauging station, the outlet of the Red River system and entry to the delta. The results showed that the annual sediment load transported by the Red River system decreased significantly, by about 90.4%, over the 64-year study period. From 1958 to 1971, when there were no dams or reservoirs in place, the annual water discharges and sediment loads in the river system were about 115,592×106 m3/yr and 115×106 ton/yr, respectively. From 1971 to 2016, a series of dam-reservoir systems were gradually implemented (Thac Ba (1971), Hoa Binh (1988), Tuyen Quang (2008), Son La (2010), Ban Chat (2013), Huoi Quang (2015), and Lai Chau (2016)). By 2016, the annual sediment load and water discharges in the Red River system had decreased significantly, and were 9×106 ton/yr and 88,709×106 m3/yr, respectively. The data show that the discharge and sediment loads increased slightly from 2016–2021, perhaps reflecting the combined effects of human activities, such as land-use change, deforestation, and population increases. Climate may also have played a role in these increases, with changes in air temperature and increases in rainfall triggering severe soil erosion and large discharges of sediment into the Red River system.
Residents’ Willingness to Pay for Domestic Nature-Based Tourism in Botswana
Authors: Mogomotsi Patricia Kefilwe , Mogomotsi Goemeone E.J. , Stone Lesego Senyana , Stone Moren Tibabo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has halted tourism worldwide. This shock has led to job losses, loss of livelihoods and overall revenue losses at national and international levels. The pandemic has reinforced the need to develop strong domestic tourism bases. In Botswana, the domestic tourism market has remained largely unexplored and undeveloped. This study aims to estimate domestic tourists’ willingness to embark on domestic tourism during and post the COVID-19 pandemic. Using primary data derived from questionnaires administered online, this study seeks to estimate the residents’ willingness to pay (WTP) for a standard two-day domestic nature-based tourism package and analyse factors influencing residents’ WTP for domestic nature-based tourism. On average, the respondents were willing to pay for a standard two-day domestic nature-based tourism experience package valued at BWP3 340.66 per person sharing. However, some camps charge as high as BWP72 097.62 for a similar package. There is a need to develop plans that promote pricing and product offerings that accommodate domestic tourists without having an impact on the sustainability of natural resources and the integrity of the natural environment
Giant Omphalocele: A novel technique for primary repair in the neonatal period using Botulinum Toxin
Authors: Rombaldi Marcelo Costamilan , Barreto Caroline Gargioni , Feldens Letícia , Holanda Felipe Colombo , Takamatu Eliziane Emy , Schopf Luciano , Peterson Carlos Alberto Hoff , Costa Eduardo Correa , Cavazzola Leandro Totti , Santis-Isolan Paola Maria Brolin , Fraga Jose Carlos 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Giant omphalocele (GO) is a complex condition to which many surgical treatments have been developed and yet, no consensus has been reached. The goal of this study is to describe the technique for primary repair of GO during the neonatal period using the BTA.
Towards Predicting the Grade of Peritonitis with a Mamdani-type Fuzzy Decision System: Application of Artificial Intelligence in Surgical Emergency Referrals
Authors: Chattopadhyay Subhagata 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Diagnostic healthcare has ambiguities due to the literal expression of symptoms, e.g., more, less, moderate, severe, and so on. Acute abdomen, associated with pain, vomiting, and fever of various grades, are commonly encountered in the surgical emergency department. Peritonitis is one of the commonest acute abdomens. It needs immediate medical attention as it can be life-threatening. Developing nations lack experienced clinicians and high-end investigation facilities, especially in the rural setup. Thus, referral of such cases to higher facilities is the mainstay procedure. A timely referral is a challenge. This paper has explained an intelligent referral system (IRS) by developing a fuzzy decision system (FDS) of Mamdani-type. Three symptoms - pain, vomiting, and fever, each having three grades, e.g., poor, average, and good are the inputs to the FDS, while the grade of peritonitis is the output as a low, medium, and high grade based on the fuzzy rule base obtained from an expert clinician. The efficacy of the FDS is tested and validated in three arbitrary cases.
Efficacious hybrid and analytical and numerical methods; phase shift of the ultra-short pulses in optical fibers
Authors: Khater Mostafa M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper examines the soliton phase shift using a simplified third-order generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation (3-order GNLSE). In this investigation, we employ a new direct algebraic (NDA) technique to solve these models. All evaluated solutions are put to the test using two modern numerical (trigonometric quantic and cubic B-spline) schemes. The necessary criteria for implementing numerical systems are derived from the computational solutions. As the model captures the dynamical behavior of ultra-short pulses in optical fiber and quantum fields, this research is crucial. As a wave model, the 3-order GNLSE equation may be used to illustrate the wave nature of matter. It is regarded as a quantum-mechanical state function since it may represent the dynamical and physical behavior of atoms and transistors. The exactness of the answers is shown through two-dimensional, three-dimensional, and contour charts (matching between analytical and numerical solutions). The answers presented in the research are innovative in comparison to earlier findings.AMS classification: 35C08; 37K40; 35C07; 37K40.
Discovery of plasma inflows in laser-produced Sn plasmas contributing to increment of extreme-ultraviolet light output
Authors: TOMITA Kentaro , Pan Yiming , Sunahara Atsushi , Kouge Kouichiro , Mizoguchi Hakaru , Nishihara Katsunobu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Plasma dynamics are governed not only by temperature and density but also by macroscopic flows. However, velocity fields (vflow) inside laser-produced plasmas (LPPs) have rarely been measured, owing to their small size (< 1 mm) and short lifetime (< 100 ns). Here, we report, for the first time, two-dimensional vflow measurements of Sn-LPP for extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) light sources for semiconductor lithography using the collective Thomson scattering technique, which is conventionally used to measure electron temperature and density. We discovered plasma inflows exceeding 104 m/s toward a plasma central axis, which plays an important role in improving the total EUV light emission, i.e., plasma inflows maintain the EUV source at a temperature suitable for EUV light emission for a relatively long time and at a high density. These results indicate that controlling the plasma flow can improve EUV light output and that there is sufficient potential to increase the EUV output further.
Protocol: MosTI single-copy transgene insertion in C. elegans using constitutive Cas9 expression.
Authors: Mouridi Sonia El , Frøkjær-Jensen Christian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Transgene expression in C. elegans is an important tool for understanding regulatory elements (e.g., promoters and enhancers), for controlling cells using optogenetic effector proteins, and for editing the (epi)genome. Insertion of single-copy transgenes into well-defined safe-harbor locations can be used when consistent expression is required (e.g., to compare expression from different transgenes) or when expression is required in germ cells. Here, we describe a detailed protocol for inserting single-copy transgenes using Modular Safe-harbor Transgene Insertion (MosTI) and constitutive Cas9 expression from a co-injected plasmid.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization of a Cd hyperaccumulator Viola baoshanensis at Baoshan Pb/Zn Mine
Authors: Weiliang Zhong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Despite great potential for arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi associated with heavy metals (HMs) hyperaccumulators in the phytoremediation of contaminated sites, rather limited information is available in literature about the community structure of AM fungi (AMF) in the rhizosphere of hyperaccumulators in nature. A field survey was conducted to investigate the colonization status and community structure of AMF of Viola baoshanensis, a Cd hyperaccumulator, growing at Baoshan Pb/Zn Mine. Shoot/root ratios of 1.78 for Cd, and 2.57 for Zn in V. baoshanensis indicate that these two metals were preferentially transported from roots to shoots, whereas Pb was mainly stored in roots. The roots of V. basshanensis were extensively colonized by AMF with M% of 69.1%, and A% of 46.9%, whereas mycorrhizal colonization was not affected by concentrations of Cd, Zn and Pb in the soil. 15 AMF species ( 5 Glomus, 3Rhizophagus,2 Claroideoglomus, 2 Septoglomus, and each one of Ambispora, Funneliformis, and Sclerocystis ) were identified by a morphological method. The dominant AMF genus was Glomus, showing high tolerance to excess Cd, Zn and Pb, while Glomus ambisporum and Claroideoglomus etunicatum were the most abundant species in the rhizosphere of V. baoshanensis.