bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Missed opportunity for alcohol use disorder screening and management in primary health care facilities in northern rural Tanzania: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Mushi Dorothy , Moshiro Candida , Hanlon Charlotte , Francis Joel M , Teferra Solomon 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective The study aimed to identify the missed opportunity for detection and management of alcohol use disorder by primary health care workers. Design A cross-sectional surveySetting Outpatient services in the six governmental primary health care facilities in Moshi district council in Tanzania.Participants 1604 adults were screened for alcohol use disorder (AUD) using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT). Participants scoring 8 or above then provided details about their help-seeking behavior and barriers to seeking care. Participants’ records were reviewed to assess screening and management of AUD. Results In the last 12 months, 60.7% reported alcohol use, heavy episodic drinking (HED) was reported by 37.3%. AUD (AUDIT ≥8) was present in 23.9%. Males were more likely to have HED (aPR= 1.43;95% CI:1.3 to 1.4) or AUD (aPR=2.9; 95% CI 1.9 to 4.2). Both HED and AUD increased with age. Only one participant (0.3%) had documented AUD screening and management. Only 5% of participants screening positive for AUD had sought help. Reasons for not seeking care were thinking that the problem would get better by itself (55.0%), wanting to handle the problem alone (42.0%), or not being bothered by the problem (40.0%). Conclusion. While reported alcohol use, HED, and AUD are common among patients presenting to primary healthcare facilities in northern Tanzania, help-seeking behavior and detection are very low. Not screening for AUD in primary health care is a missed opportunity for early detection and management. There is an urgent need to develop interventions to increase detection of AUD by health care providers, while also addressing help-seeking behavior and barriers to seeking care.
Rethinking D-dimer’s role in the diagnosis of pulmonary thromboembolism in patients with COVID-19: analysis of a diagnostic test study
Authors: Estrada Víctor Hugo Nieto , Valle Anacaona Martínez Del , Moreno Albert Alexander Valencia , Franco Daniel Leonardo Molano , Álvarez Elsy Sofía Calle , Perdomo Daniela Osorio , Ramírez Carlos Hernán Castañeda , Zárate Natalia Andrea González , Cáceres Dayang Sulai Jaramillo , Salazar Tatiana Andrea Bernal 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: D-dimer is a fibrin degradation product present in the blood after infection, thrombosis, or pregnancy. Covid-19 is a prothrombotic inflammatory condition, where D-dimer is often detectable showing higher levels in severe COVID-19 cases. The usefulness of D-dimer for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) in SARS CoV2 has not been determined.Aim: To determine the operational characteristics of D-dimer as a diagnostic method for PE in patients with COVID-19 treated at a university hospital in Bogotá, Colombia.Methods: Diagnostic test study that included data from patients with COVID-19 with suspected PE who were screened with the index test (D-dimer measured by turbidimetric immunoassay technique) and reference test (Angiotomography of pulmonary arteries). Results: Among the 209 patients analyzed, the prevalence of PE was 14.4%, D-dimer levels were significantly higher in the group of PE cases (2888 vs. 1114 ng/Dl; p=0.002). 80% of PE cases were submassive and 53% segmental. The operating characteristics for the reference cut-off point of the technique (>499ng/mL) were Sensitivity: 93.9%, Specificity: 8.9%, Positive predictive value: 14.7%, Negative predictive value: 8.9%, proportion of false positives: 91.1%, a Youden J- index of 0.02. The area under the receiving operating curve was 0.684. The coordinates of the curve showed a Youden J- index of 0.367 for a value of 2.281 ng/mL (4.5 times the reference value), using this cut-off point, we obtained a sensitivity of 60%, a specificity of 76%, PPV of 30%, NPV of 92%, and a proportion of false Negatives of 40%.Conclusion: D-dimer does not have appropriate characteristics to be used alone for the diagnosis PE in patients with severe COVID-19. It can be used as part of a rational diagnostic process, being just as specific as the patient’s signs and symptoms.
Trends in Extreme Weather Events with Socio-Economic Damage in Russia
Authors: Romanovskaya Anna 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Analytical studies of regional trends in the number of extreme weather events, primarily causing social and economic damage, are lacking in Russia, although this is the basis for developing mitigation and adaptation measures to climate change. Therefore, we investigated trends in the number of extreme weather events that caused damage in Russia by their type, their distribution by regions and identified regions where urgent adaptation is needed. The results show an increase in the number of meteorological extreme events with damage for 1990–2019 in Russia from 130 to 257 events per year on average for the 1990s and 2010s, respectively (statistical significance of the trend at the 0.001 level). However, the proportion of events with damage in relation to events which did not cause damage decreased over this period by almost a third (from 63–47%). This can be explained both by a possible methodological inconsistency in the time series of damage events and by more effective adaptation measures. The trends and regional distribution of extreme hot and cold temperature events are not unequivocally consistent with the literature and show regions with both positive and negative changes in the number of extreme events that caused damage. Statistically significant changes in the number of extreme events of strong winds, heavy rains and soil drought by regions are generally positive and observed only in some southern and central regions of European Russia. These results are in good agreement with the results of other studies. The development and rapid implementation of regional adaptation plans is a priority for these regions, given that these are densely populated areas with predominantly agricultural production.
Comparative examination of the physical parameters of the sol gel produced compounds La0.5Ag0.1Ca0.4MnO3 and La0.6Ca0.3Ag0.1MnO3
Authors: RASHEED Mohammed , Assoudi N. , Chaabani A. , Walha I. , Dhahri E. , Barille R. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the physical characteristics of La0.5Ag0.1Ca0.4MnO3 and La0.6Ca0.3Ag0.1MnO3 compounds have been studied. Structural analysis by XRD showed that both samples crystallize in an orthorhombic structure. For the La0.5Ag0.1Ca0.4MnO3 sample it can be seen that there are two bands: the first is due to the stretching Mn-O bond the υS vibration mode, relates to the internal motion of a length-changing Mn-O, whereas the second corresponds to the υb bonding mode, which is sensitive to a change in the Mn-O-Mn angle. For the compound La0.6Ca0.3Ag0.1MnO3 the υb band is absent. The magnetic measurements show that the two compounds have a single transition from the PM state to the FM state with an increase in the Curie transition temperature Tc for the compound La0.6Ca0.3Ag0.1MnO3. Similarly, the substitution of silver in calcium increases the value of the magnetization at low temperature. We also studied the magnetocaloric effect of our compounds. This study shows a significant change in magnetic entropy ΔSM that took place around their magnetic transition temperatures Tc. Under the influence of a 5 T magnetic field. The largest fluctuation in magnetic entropy is in the order of -8.67 J/kg.K for the compound La0.6Ca0.3Ag0.1MnO3 this value is considered significant. The magnetocaloric results indicate that the compound La0.6Ca0.3Ag0.1MnO3 is the best sample which has a large RCP which suggests its good candidate in the field of magnetic cold. Based on the Banarjee criterion and Landau theory, a second-order transition is observed for both samples in the vicinity of the Curie transition TC. The experimentally obtained value of ΔSM is smaller than the theoretically calculated one, which proves that the transition is an unconventional transition even under the influence of a 5 T magnetic field.
Distinct roles of HMGB1 in the regulation of P-glycoprotein expression in the liver and kidney of mice with lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation
Authors: Kawase Atsushi , Irie Kota , Matsuda Naoya , Takai Yuzuki , Shimada Hiroaki , Iwaki Masahiro 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This study sought to clarify the involvement of HMGB1 in the regulation of P-glycoprotein expression in the liver and kidney of mice with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation. Mice were treated with LPS or LPS + glycyrrhizin (GL) as an HMGB1 inhibitor. Further, the expression of transporters, such as P-glycoprotein, and HMGB1 receptors, such as TLR4 and RAGE, were determined. For the in vitro study, we used HepG2, KMRC-1, and a co-culture of KMRC-1 with differentiated THP-1 cells. The mRNA and protein levels of Mdr1a and Tlr4 in the kidneys of LPS + GL-treated mice were significantly decreased compared to those of LPS mice. HMGB1 had little effects on the expression of Mdr1a and Tlr4 in the liver. However, for MDR1 mRNA levels, KMRC-1 was more responsive to LPS than HepG2 cells. In differentiated THP-1 cells after LPS treatment, the levels of TLR4 mRNA were decreased, but were restored to control levels by HMGB1. In conclusion, HMGB1 in the plasma and TLR4 in macrophages are involved in the regulation of P-gp expression in the kidneys of inflamed mice.
Craniofacial and Upper Airway Characteristics with Class III Malocclusion in 4-to 5-Year-Old Children in Shijiazhuang: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hu XiaoYing , Pan Cheung Gary. Shun. , Zhang YiYang , Sun RuoNan , Tang Hui , Dong FuSheng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: To provide a craniofacial and upper airway cephalometric characteristics of Chinese children analysis with Class III malocclusion (skeletal and dental) in 4-to 5-Year-Old Children in shijiazhuang, China. Materials & methods: Lateral cephalographs of male and female groups of 78 children (aged from 3.5 to 5.5 years) with skeletal Class III (S III) malocclusion were compared to those of 64 children (aged from 3.5 to 5.5 years) with dental Class III (D III) malocclusion. 19 indicators were involved in which represented the maxilla、mandible and their relative position, the growth pattern of the mandible and the width of the upper airway. Wilcoxon two-sample test and Student's t-tests were performed to assess differences between S III malocclusion (group 1) and D III malocclusion (group 2) with SPSS 21.0.Results: Significant differences were showed in the measurements as follows. Compared to the D III group, in the S III group, maxillary sagittal growth deficiency apparently localized around the point A , with the mandible being more excessive forward and less backward and downward rotation (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference at the level of the nasopharynx sagittal diameter between the two groups. However, the data of tonsil plate at the level of the oropharynx sagittal diameter showed significant smaller in S III group than D III group. This difference extended down into the laryngopharynx.Conclusions: In a word, for the skeletal Class III malocclusion 4-5 year children, the jaw disharmony assumed retruded maxilla and retrusive mid-face in the sagittal planes, narrow oropharynx and laryngopharynx upper airway, protracted mandible and shorter lower face height.
NOTCH gene alterations in metastatic colorectal cancer in the Nationwide Cancer Genome Screening Project in Japan (SCRUM-Japan GI-SCREEN)
Authors: Kajiwara Takeshi , Nishina Tomohiro , Nakasya Akio , Yamashita Natsumi , Yamashita Riu , Nakamura Yoshiaki , Shiozawa Manabu , Yuki Satoshi , Taniguchi Hiroya , Hara Hiroki , Ohta Takashi , Esaki Taito , Shinozaki Eiji , Takashima Atsuo , Moriwaki Toshikazu , Denda Tadamichi , Ohtsubo Koushiro , Sunakawa Yu , Horita Yosuke , Kawakami Hisato , Kato Takeshi , Satoh Taroh , Ando Koji , Mizutani Tomonori , Yasui Hisateru , Goto Masahiro , Okuyama Hiroyuki , Yamazaki Kentaro , Yoshino Takayuki , Hyodo Ichinosuke 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose Activated Notch receptor signaling has been implicated in tumor growth and progression in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the pathogenic relevance of NOTCH gene alterations remains unclear. The aim of this study was to clarify mutational landscapes and assess their clinical significance in patients with metastatic CRC.Methods Pre-chemotherapy tumor tissues obtained from 1154 metastatic CRC patients in the Nationwide Cancer Genome Screening Project in Japan between April 2017 and March 2019 were studied using the Oncomine Comprehensive Assay.Results The frequencies of NOTCH1, NOTCH2, and NOTCH3 nonsynonymous sequence variants were 11.5%, 4.4%, and 10.4%, respectively. The majority of variants were missense of unknown significance that were distributed across all domains of all three NOTCH genes. The gain-of-function mutations in NOTCH reported in multiple malignancies were not identified. The NOTCH amplification rate was less than 1%. No NOTCH fusions were detected. In patients who were registered before, or within one year of, first-line chemotherapy, overall survival for 51 patients with only NOTCH3 variants was significantly longer than for 540 patients with no NOTCH variants (median, 40.2 months vs 27.7 months; P = 0.04). Multivariate analysis revealed that variant NOTCH3 was an independent prognostic factor for increased survival (hazard ratio 0.61, 95% confidence interval, 0.39-0.94; P = 0.03) besides poor prognostic factors associated with mutant TP53, KRAS, and BRAF, as well as amplified MYC.Conclusion NOTCH genes are unlikely to harbor driver mutations and amplifications in patients with metastatic CRC. NOTCH3 variants should be further investigated as a favorable prognostic marker.
The development of a visual dashboard report to assess physician assistant and nurse practitioner financial and clinical productivity
Authors: Kidd Vasco Deon , Liu Joe Haoming , Reamer-Yu Andy , Wang Joann Hao , Deng Mei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The evolving COVID-19 pandemic has unevenly affected academic medical centers (AMCs), which are experiencing resource-constraints and liquidity challenges while at the same time facing high pressures to improve patient access and clinical outcomes. Technological advancements in the field of data analytics can enable AMCs to achieve operational efficiencies and improve bottom-line expectations. While there are vetted analytical tools available to track physician productivity, there is a significant paucity of analytical instruments described in the literature to adequately track clinical and financial productivity of physician assistants (PAs) and nurse practitioners (NPs) employed at AMCs. Moreover, there is no general guidance on the development of a dashboard to track PA/NP clinical and financial productivity at the individual, department, or enterprise level. Therefore, the aim of the project is to leverage our institution’s existing visualization tools coupled with the right analytics to track PA/NP productivity trends using a dashboard report. Methods:We created a customizable highly visual clinical/financial analytical dashboard to track productivity of PA/NPs employed at our AMC. Key Findings: The APP financial and clinical dashboard is organized into two main components. The volume-based key performance indicators (KPI) included work relative value units (wRVUs), gross charges, collections (payments), and payer-mix. The session utilization (KPIs) included (e.g., new versus return patient ratios, encounter type, visit volume and visits per session by provider). The dashboard was internally and externally validated. After successful piloting, the dashboard was deployed across multiple specialty areas and results showed improved data transparency and reliable tracking of PAs/NPs productivity across the enterprise. The dashboard analytics were helpful in evaluating the break-even analysis for many of the PAs/NPs. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first paper to highlight steps AMCs can take in developing, validating, and deploying a financial/clinical dashboard specific to PAs/NPs. However, research is needed to assess the impact of qualitative and quantitative dashboards on provider engagement, revenue, and quality of care.
Synthesis, Physical, Optical and Structural Studies of B2O3-CdO-Al2O3-PbF2 Glasses Modified with MoO3 Ions
Authors: Siddoju Rajesham , Sekhar Kotagiri Chandra , Shareefuddin Md. , Kumar J. Siva 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This manuscript deals with the preparation and detailed physical and structural study of B2O3-CdO-Al2O3-PbF2 glasses reinforced with MoO3 ions. With the addition of MoO3, the density and band gap values decreased while the refractive index increased, confirming the transformation of Mo6+ ions to Mo5+ ions and resulting in the generation of NBO's in these glasses. The FTIR spectra revealed the presence of different borate and aluminate units. The FTIR spectra also indicated the conversion of Mo6+ ions to Mo5+ ions. The effect of MoO3 ions on Raman spectra was clearly visible and indicated the conversion of BO4 to BO3 units, increasing NBO’s which helped to explain the density variation.
Automated detection of over- and under-dispersion in baseline tables in randomised controlled trials
Authors: Barnett Adrian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Papers describing the results of a randomised trial should include a table of summary statistics that compares randomised groups at baseline. Researchers who fraudulently generate trials often create randomised groups that are implausibly similar (under-dispersed) or accidentally create large differences between groups (over-dispersed) because they do not understand how to create realistic summary statistics from truly random data. We aimed to automatically screen for under- and over-dispersion in the baseline tables of published randomised trials.Methods: We examined randomised controlled trials published in open access health and medical journals on PubMed Central. We estimated probability that a trial’s summary statistics were under- or over-dispersed using a Bayesian model that examined the distribution of t-statistics for the between-group differences from the baseline table, and compared this with an expected distribution without dispersion. We used a simulation study to test the ability of the model to find over- or under-dispersion and compared its performance with an existing test of dispersion based on a uniform test of p-values.Results: The algorithm had a relatively good accuracy for extracting the data from baseline tables, matching well on the size of the tables and sample size. Using t-statistics in the Bayesian model out-performed the uniform test of p-values, as it had a higher probability of detecting over-dispersed data and lower false positive percentage for skewed data that was not under- or over-dispersed. For the trials published on PubMed Central, some tables were flagged because: they were not from trials, had a non-standard presentation, or had likely reporting errors. The algorithm also flagged some trials as under-dispersed where there was a striking similarity between groups.Conclusion: Due to the variance in reporting across journals, the current method may not be suitable for automated screening for fraud of all submitted trials, but could be useful in targeted checks of suspected trials. If used in automated screening of papers at the submission stage, it would likely flag many instances of non-standard table presentation and poor reporting.
Import Vertical Characteristic of Rain Streak for Single Image Deraining
Authors: Yu Jun , Zhang Zhexin , Ding Jiajun , Yuan Yiming 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Recently, deep convolutional neural networks show good effect for single image deraining. These networks always adopt the conventional convolution method to extractfeatures, which may neglect the characteristic of rain streak.A novelty vertical module is proposed to focus on the verticalcharacteristic of rain streak. Such module uses 1 x Xconvolution kernel to extract the vertical information of rainstreaks and a X x X convolution kernel to keep relative locationinformation. Use this module in the front of derainingnetwork can better detach rain streaks from background. Inaddition, the contrastive learning is employed to improve theperformance of the model. Extensive experimental resultsdemonstrated the superiority of the deraining methods withthe proposed methods in comparison with the base ones.
Network-based identification of the genetic mechanism behind acute lung injury in acute pancreatitis
Authors: Wan You-Dong , Zhu Rui-xue , Song Lei , Pan Xin-Ting 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common gastrointestinal disease. The incidence of acute pancreatitis complicated with acute lung injury is high. In fact, the complication is the primary cause of early death in patients with acute pancreatitis. The purpose of this study was to clarify the genetic mechanism of acute pancreatitis complicated by lung injury using bioinformatics and to identify possible therapeutic drug options.
Methods
The dataset for acute pancreatitis, numbered GSE77983, and the dataset for acute lung injury, numbered GSE58654, were identified from the Gene Expression Ombibus (GEO) database. GEO2R was used to identify the common differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Gene ontology and pathway analyses were used to gain a comprehensive understanding of the role of DEGs. A protein interaction network from common DEGs was constructed using the STRING database to screen for hub genes. The transcription factors and miRNAs of hub genes were identified based on the NetworkAnalyst platform. Hub genes were validated at the human organ and single-cell levels. Finally, potential therapeutic compounds were designed.
Results
We found 61 common DEGs. The enrichment analysis showed that these genes were mainly concentrated in the cellular response to external stimuli, nutrient levels, and apoptosis. Fifteen hub genes were identified with a protein interaction network, and six hub genes (Angptl4, Cyr61, F3, Krt8, Sphk1, and Vcan) were verified at the single-cell and human tissue levels. At the single-cell level, the gene was shown to be mainly expressed in alveolar type I and II epithelial cells and mesothelial cells of the pancreas. Potential therapeutic compounds include MS-275 PC3 UP, 7614-21-3 CTD 00000893, troglitazone CTD, anisomycin PC3 UP, and 8-azaguanine PC3 UP.
Conclusions
Acute pancreatitis and acute lung injury co-express six hub genes, which may be the bridge to understanding the genetic mechanism of acute pancreatitis complicated with acute lung injury.