bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perfluorinated compounds in adults and their association with fasting glucose and incident diabetes: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Chung Seung Min , Heo Dong-Gyu , Kim Ju-Hyun , Yoon Ji Sung , Lee Hyoung Woo , Kim Jong-Yeon , Moon Jun Sung , Won Kyu Chang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The endocrine disruption of perfluorinated compounds is an emerging issue. We aimed to examine the association of serum perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) levels with incident diabetes and fasting serum glucose concentration.

Methods
This prospective cohort study was based on an urban-based cohort subpopulation from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. Serum samples (600 µL) were received from 100 participants in the normoglycemic baseline survey (2004–2013), and concentrations of PFOA and PFOS were measured using mass spectrometry. The incidence of diabetes was tracked in the follow-up survey (2012–2016).

Results
The mean age was 56.4 years (men, 59%). The median serum PFOA and PFOS concentrations were 4.29 ng/mL and 9.44 ng/mL, respectively. PFOA and PFOS concentrations differed according to age, sex, and residential area. After 60 months, 23 patients had diabetes. Log-transformed PFOA (lnPFOA) and log-transformed PFOS (lnPFOS) were significantly higher in those who transitioned to diabetes than in those who did not (both p < 0.05). After multivariate adjustment, lnPFOA (coefficient = 6.98, 95% CI -0.04–14, p = 0.054) and lnPFOS (coefficient = 7.06, 95% CI -0.96–15.08, p = 0.088) predicted increased fasting glucose without statistical significance. In addition, lnPFOA, but not lnPFOS, significantly predicted incident diabetes (HR = 3.98, 95% CI 1.42–11.1, p < 0.01).

Conclusion
Exposure to PFOA and PFOS may have a potential dysglycemic effect. In particular, exposure to PFOA increased the risk of diabetes. Further research with larger sample size is warranted.
Marijuana use and DNA methylation-based biological age in young adults
Authors: Nannini Drew R. , Zheng Yinan , Joyce Brian T. , Gao Tao , Liu Lei , Jacobs David R. , Schreiner Pamela , Liu Chunyu , Horvath Steve , Lu Ake T. , Yaffe Kristine , Sidney Stephen , Greenland Philip , Lloyd-Jones Donald M. , Hou Lifang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Marijuana is the third most commonly used drug in the USA and efforts to legalize it for medical and recreational use are growing. Despite the increase in use, marijuana’s effect on aging remains understudied and understanding the effects of marijuana on molecular aging may provide novel insights into the role of marijuana in the aging process. We therefore sought to investigate the association between cumulative and recent use of marijuana with epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) as estimated from blood DNA methylation.

Results
A random subset of participants from The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study with available whole blood at examination years (Y) 15 and Y20 underwent epigenomic profiling. Four EAA estimates (intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration, extrinsic epigenetic age acceleration, PhenoAge acceleration, and GrimAge acceleration) were calculated from DNA methylation levels measured at Y15 and Y20. Ever use and cumulative marijuana-years were calculated from the baseline visit to Y15 and Y20, and recent marijuana use (both any and number of days of use in the last 30 days) were calculated at Y15 and Y20. Ever use of marijuana and each additional marijuana-year were associated with a 6-month (P < 0.001) and a 2.5-month (P < 0.001) higher average in GrimAge acceleration (GAA) using generalized estimating equations, respectively. Recent use and each additional day of recent use were associated with a 20-month (P < 0.001) and a 1-month (P < 0.001) higher GAA, respectively. A statistical interaction between marijuana-years and alcohol consumption on GAA was observed (P = 0.011), with nondrinkers exhibiting a higher GAA (β = 0.21 [95% CI 0.05, 0.36], P = 0.008) compared to heavy drinkers (β = 0.05 [95% CI − 0.09, 0.18], P = 0.500) per each additional marijuana-year. No associations were observed for the remaining EAA estimates.

Conclusions
These findings suggest cumulative and recent marijuana use are associated with age-related epigenetic changes that are related to lifespan. These observed associations may be modified by alcohol consumption. Given the increase in use and legalization, these findings provide novel insight on the effect of marijuana use on the aging process as captured through blood DNA methylation.
Global dynamics for an SVEIR epidemic model with diffusion and nonlinear incidence rate
Authors: Xu Jinhu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate an SVEIR epidemic model with reaction–diffusion and nonlinear incidence. We establish the well-posedness of the solutions and the basic reproduction number$\mathfrak{R}_{0}$R0. Moreover, we show that the disease-free steady state is globally asymptotically stable when$\mathfrak{R}_{0}<1$R0<1, whereas the disease will be persistent when$\mathfrak{R}_{0}>1$R0>1. Furthermore, using the method of Lyapunov functional, we prove the global stability of the positive steady state for the spatial homogeneous model.
Myelin repair in Alzheimer’s disease: a review of biological pathways and potential therapeutics
Authors: Hirschfeld Lauren Rose , Risacher Shannon L. , Nho Kwangsik , Saykin Andrew J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis literature review investigates the significant overlap between myelin-repair signaling pathways and pathways known to contribute to hallmark pathologies of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We discuss previously investigated therapeutic targets of amyloid, tau, and ApoE, as well as other potential therapeutic targets that have been empirically shown to contribute to both remyelination and progression of AD. Current evidence shows that there are multiple AD-relevant pathways which overlap significantly with remyelination and myelin repair through the encouragement of oligodendrocyte proliferation, maturation, and myelin production. There is a present need for a single, cohesive model of myelin homeostasis in AD. While determining a causative pathway is beyond the scope of this review, it may be possible to investigate the pathological overlap of myelin repair and AD through therapeutic approaches.
Recall of reactive cutaneous capillary endothelial proliferation (RCCEP) induced by stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in a patient with lung squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Ma Rong , Wang Jia-Lin , Wang Yan-Yang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCamrelizumab (SHR-1210) is a humanized IgG4 monoclonal anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) antibody that has been shown to inhibit the binding of PD-1 to PD-L1, thereby blocking the immune escape of various types of cancer, including lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Reactive cutaneous capillary endothelial proliferation (RCCEP) is the most common adverse event in camrelizumab-treated patients. Here, we introduce a case of LSCC with recall RCCEP induced by stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). A 76-year-old LSCC patient developed RCCEP when he received camrelizumab and chemotherapy. After discontinuing camrelizumab treatment, the RCCEP lesions spontaneously regressed and fell off. However, when the patient received subsequent SBRT, the RCCEP occurred again at the same sites. This case may provide clues for additional study of the immune reactivation effect of SBRT or the underlying mechanism of RCCEP.
Tailoring the sampling time of single-sample GFR measurement according to expected renal function: a multisite audit
Authors: McMeekin Helena , Townrow Sam , Barnfield Mark , Bradley Andy , Fongenie Ben , McGowan Daniel R. , Memmott Matthew , Porter Charlotte A. , Wickham Fred , Vennart Nick , Burniston Maria 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The 2018 BNMS Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) guidelines recommend a single-sample technique with the sampling time dictated by the expected renal function, but this is not known with any accuracy before the test. We aimed to assess whether the sampling regime suggested in the guidelines is optimal and determine the error in GFR result if the sample time is chosen incorrectly. We can then infer the degree of flexibility in the sampling regime.

Methods
Data from 6328 patients referred for GFR assessment at 6 different hospitals for a variety of indications were reviewed. The difference between the single-sample (Fleming) GFR result at each sample time and the slope–intercept GFR result at each hospital was calculated. A second dataset of 777 studies from one hospital with nine samples collected from 5 min to 8 h post-injection was analysed to provide a reference GFR to which the single-sample results were compared.

Results
Recommended single-sample times have been revised: for an expected GFR above 90 ml/min/1.73m2 a 2-h sample is recommended; between 50 and 90 ml/min/1.73m2 a 3-h sample is recommended; and between 30 and 50 ml/min/1.73m2 a 4-h sample is recommended. Root mean square error in single-sample GFR result compared with slope–intercept can be kept less than or equal to 3.30 ml/min/1.73m2 by following these recommendations.

Conclusion
The results of this multisite study demonstrate a reassuringly wide range of sample times for an acceptably accurate single-sample GFR result. Modified recommended single-sample times have been proposed in line with the results, and a lookup table has been produced of rms errors across the full range of GFR results for the three sample times which can be used for error reporting of a mistimed sample.
The unseen epidemic: trauma and loneliness in urban midlife women
Authors: Liberatore-Maguire E , Devlin A , Fisher S , Ramsey F , Grunwald H , Brownstein K , Morrison MF 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Connectedness and attachment are vital parts of humanity. Loneliness, a state of distress in reaction to perceived detachment and isolation, is reported by over one-third of U.S. adults and is associated with numerous physical and mental health consequences. What contributes to loneliness, especially in women and minority populations, is poorly understood, but this population is also at greater risk for abuse and trauma. Our study aimed to further understand loneliness in urban midlife women and to explore the relationship that may exist with trauma(s).

Methods
To identify primacies for mental health care, female midlife participants (N=50) of a long-standing urban community-based cohort focused on health improvement completed a one-time audiotaped interview with both quantitative assessments and a qualitative interview. Loneliness was assessed by the UCLA 3-item Loneliness Scale. Using semi-structured interviews, open-ended questions facilitated a discussion regarding mental health needs and experiences. Interview transcripts were coded and analyzed following a grounded theory methodology. Themes around loneliness and trauma emerged. The transcripts were coded using the same methodology and coders as the individual interviews. Twenty women participated in two optional focus groups.

Results
Participants had a mean age of 50, with the majority identifying as Black/African American (N=37) and unemployed (N=33). Three themes emerged regarding perceived causes of loneliness: trauma, the burden of responsibilities for others, and secondary to unhealthy relationships. Loneliness associated with trauma will be explored here; other themes are beyond the scope of this paper and will be discussed in subsequent analyses. Quantitative results suggest that physical abuse (loneliness scores 5.4 vs. 4.0, p=0.003), as well as emotional abuse and neglect (loneliness scores 5.6 vs. 4.4, p=0.01), were associated with greater loneliness.

Conclusion
In urban midlife low-income women, lifetime physical abuse and emotional abuse/neglect are associated with increased feelings of loneliness. Qualitative data provide insight into how participants viewed their traumatic histories, ways in which the trauma has ongoing influence, and how they experience loneliness. Though further investigation is needed, trauma-informed approaches should be considered in both primary care and mental health settings with a focus on mitigating loneliness and providing appropriate support and trauma treatment.
Bilateral vocal cords paralysis requiring urgent tracheostomy on COVID-19 patient: a case report
Authors: Omura Kazuya , Kurahashi Kiyoyasu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
SARS-CoV-2 infection has many manifestations, including otolaryngological symptoms.

Case presentation
A 60-year-old man with severe dyspnea underwent endotracheal intubation followed by 68 h of mechanical ventilation. After extubation, he left the ICU without any significant complications. Four days after the extubation, he developed dyspnea, which deteriorated the next 2 days, and stridor became evident. A fiberoptic laryngoscope revealed bilateral vocal cord edema and paralysis, which required an emergency airway. We decided to perform an awake tracheostomy under local anesthesia while considering protection for airborne infection to healthcare providers. The tracheostomy was closed when the edema and paralysis of the vocal cords were ameliorated.

Conclusions
A COVID-19 patient who underwent injurious ventilation developed vocal cord paralysis and edema 6 days after extubation, leading to an emergency tracheostomy. Close attention to the upper airway of COVID-19 patients is essential since the pathophysiology of the present incident may be specific to the viral infection.
Sketch of 2018 dengue outbreak in a megacity, Bangladesh
Authors: Amin Mohammad Robed , Islam Mohammad Rafiqul , Bhuiyan Muktadir , Islam Md. Shahnoor , Islam Fathema , Tuli Habiba Jannatun , Nawar Afra , Tabassum Tamanna , Fardous Jannatul , Hasan Mohammad Jahid 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Dengue has become a major public health threat in Bangladesh since 2000, when the first outbreak was reported. Each outbreak has distinct characteristics, and thus, the report of the outbreak helps to understand the disease process and subsequent clinical management of these patients. On that ground, the study was designed to sketch the clinico-epidemiological characteristics of the 2018 dengue outbreak in Bangladesh.

Methods
This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in one of the largest public medical college hospitals and a single private hospital located in the southern and northern parts of the megacity of the country. A total of 297 confirmed dengue cases were assessed with a preformed pretested questionnaire. Clinico-epidemiological and laboratory parameters were reported along with sociodemographic details. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 20.

Results
Male patients were predominantly affected by dengue infection. The mean age of the patients was 31.24 ± 13.99 (SD) years, with a range from 2 to 85 years. Eighty-two percent of patients reported from the Dhaka metropolitan city. The highest percentage of cases (37.1%) was isolated from Bansree, Dhaka city, followed by Rampura (21.4%) and Khilgaon (6.2%). In addition to common symptoms, e.g., fever (90.6%), headache (90.6%), chills (81.8%), anorexia and vomiting (76.4%), backache, and redness of the eyes were two prominent symptoms that affected more than two-thirds of the study population. On the other hand, less common symptoms, such as cough, abdominal pain, and respiratory distress, were present in 39.7%, 33.7%, and 15.5% of patients, respectively. Overall, 17.6% of patients were hypotensive during admission, with a mean systolic blood pressure of 107.65 ± 18.17 (SD) mmHg. Other prominent signs were dehydration (80.5%) and rash (33%).

Conclusion
This outbreak was especially characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms, which were predominant along with other typical features.
Fulminant myocarditis-associated expanded dengue syndrome in pregnant woman: a case report
Authors: Wijaya Wilson Saputra , Krisnawati Ika 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne viral disease whose incidence has increased globally, with Indonesia as hyperendemic. In Indonesia, around 17.4% of febrile cases were due to dengue. Expanded dengue syndrome is a term for dengue fever with atypical manifestations in other organs such as renal, respiratory, and cardiac. Dengue myocarditis remains underdiagnosed and usually has a low risk of heart failure. However, pregnancy increases the risk of expanded dengue syndrome, with the incidence six times higher in pregnant women. Due to limited studies about myocarditis treatment during pregnancy, it is critical to understand the effects of heart drugs and the importance of treatment choices with limited selection during fulminant myocarditis.

Case presentation
We reported a case of an adult pregnant woman in her second trimester with fulminant myocarditis-associated expanded dengue syndrome based on criteria. The patient suddenly worsened with progressive cardiomegaly and lung edema accompanied by cardiogenic shock. Multidisciplinary treatment management has been given to improve cardiac function and other organs due to dengue by considering the risk and family consent. The patient recovered from myocarditis, and the cardiac size has reduced.

Conclusions
Fulminant myocarditis is a serious complication of expanded dengue syndrome, and aggressive therapy is required to prevent it. Further investigations and a multidisciplinary system are required to reduce or minimize fetal abnormalities.
Unpaired training: Optimize the seismic data denoising model without paired training data
Authors: Ma Haitao , Ba He , Li Yue , Zhao Yuxing , Wu Ning 
Published: October 2022

With the development of seismic exploration technology, distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) has recently received attention in geophysics. However, owing to the complexity of the layout techniques in the DAS systems, and the unknown or harsh exploration environment, seismic data acquired by this technique usually contain the noise of diverse components, which increases the difficulty in subsequent data analysis and interpretation. This study has (1) trained a deep learning model that effectively suppressed noise with augmented noise data sets to obtain a high signal-to-noise ratio in the DAS vertical seismic profile (VSP) records, (2) introduced an attention module to enhance the extraction and recognition of signal features to recover effective signals under substantial noise interference, and (3) introduced adversarial loss and cycle-consistent loss to replace the commonly used L1 norm or L2 norm to train the network. The obtained hybrid training set containing unpaired synthetic and unpaired field data sets for model pretraining and fine tuning effectively improves the denoising performance of the seismic field data. In summary, this study develops an unpaired training-based DAS seismic data denoising method that transformed noisy DAS VSP data into noise-free data. By analyzing the noise suppression results of other methods, including qualitative and quantitative analyses, we demonstrate that our method successfully suppressed multiple types of noise in the DAS VSP data. The study has indicated clear and continuous signals in the denoising results and improved the denoising performance on the seismic field data.
Dual-Acting Peptides Target EZH2 and AR: A New Paradigm for Effective Treatment of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Han Zhengyang , Rimal Ujjwal , Khatiwada Prabesh , Brandman Jacob , Zhou Jun , Hussain Muhammad , Viola Ronald E , Shemshedini Lirim 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Prostate cancer starts as a treatable hormone-dependent disease, but often ends in a drug-resistant form called castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Despite the development of the antiandrogens enzalutamide and abiraterone for CRPC, which target the androgen receptor (AR), drug resistance usually develops within 6 months and metastatic CRPC (mCRPC) leads to lethality. EZH2, found with SUZ12, EED, and RbAP48 in Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), has emerged as an alternative target for the treatment of deadly mCRPC. Unfortunately, drugs targeting EZH2 have shown limited efficacy in mCRPC. To address these failures, we have developed novel, dual-acting peptide inhibitors of PRC2 that uniquely target the SUZ12 protein component, resulting in the inhibition of both PRC2 canonical and noncanonical functions in prostate cancer. These peptides were found to inhibit not only the EZH2 methylation activity, but also block its positive effect on AR gene expression in prostate cancer cells. Since the peptide effect on AR levels is transcriptional, the inhibitory peptides can block the expression of both full-length AR and its splicing variants including AR-V7, which plays a significant role in the development of drug resistance. This dual-mode action provides the peptides with the capability to kill enzalutamide-resistant CRPC cells. These peptides are also more cytotoxic to prostate cancer cells than the combination of enzalutamide and an EZH2 inhibitory drug, which was recently suggested to be an effective treatment of mCRPC disease. Our data show that such a dual-acting therapeutic approach can be more effective than the existing front-line drug therapies for treating deadly mCRPC.
ZBTB20 Regulates Prolactin Expression and Lactotrope Function in Adult Mice
Authors: Han Qing , Yan Xuede , Ye Yufei , Han Linhui , Ma Xianhua , Wang Ting , Cao Dongmei , Zhang Weiping J 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Lactotropes are prolactin (PRL)-secreting endocrine cells in the anterior pituitary. We have established the zinc finger protein ZBTB20 as an essential transcription factor for lactotrope specification, the disruption of which results in complete loss of lactotropes in mice. However, the potential role of ZBTB20 in mature lactotropes remains unclear. Here we demonstrate that ZBTB20 acts as a critical cell-autonomous regulator for PRL expression in mature lactotropes in adult mice. Via a CRISPR/Cas9 approach, we first generated a tamoxifen-inducible Prl-CreER knockin mouse line that could efficiently mediate gene recombination specifically in lactotropes. Conditional deletion of the Zbtb20 gene specifically in mature lactotropes at adulthood led to a substantial decrease in PRL levels both in the pituitary and in plasma, without significant alterations of lactotrope relative density in the pituitary from male or female mice. Furthermore, conditional disruption of Zbtb20 in adult female mice did not significantly change pregnancy-elicited lactotrope expansion, but caused an impaired mammary gland expansion and lactation due to the PRL defect. Thus, our data point to an important role of ZBTB20 in regulating PRL expression and lactotrope function at adulthood.