bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formación ciudadana en la infancia: reflexiones desde la revisión teórica
Authors: Lara-Salcedo Luz Marina , Suarez-Rivero Neftali David 
Published: March 2022

Se brinda un conjunto de reflexiones teóricas que aportan al campo conceptual de la ciudadanía para su práctica en el espacio escolar. Parte de explorar las nociones clásicas y contemporáneas del concepto, y luego se analizan algunas tendencias de la formación ciudadana para ubicar el tipo de ciudadanía que es necesario promover con los niños, a la luz de las pedagogías críticas y de una reconstrucción crítica del concepto. Finaliza señalando la urgencia de formar en ciudadanía desde la infancia, de su reconocimiento como ciudadanos y sujetos políticos, con una mirada renovada de la educación ciudadana desde una perspectiva crítica, decolonial y más incluyente.
Hacia una evaluación de la reflexión pedagógica desde la escritura académica
Authors: Schnitzler-Sommerfeld Nicole , Núñez-Lagos Paulina 
Published: March 2022

Este artículo de investigación describe el diseño y aplicación de un instrumento de evaluación del pensamiento crítico desde la escritura académica como método para desarrollar la reflexión pedagógica. A partir de una metodología cuantitativa,con alcance descriptivo, se analizaron 265 ensayos de estudiantes chilenos de pedagogía. La capacidad de relacionar de forma consistente y coherente los argumentos, y la habilidad para articular el punto de vista propio con otras perspectivas sistemáticamente, resultaron los mayores predictores en la elaboración de un texto escrito con un alto nivel de pensamiento crítico (Martin & White, 2003; Snow & Uccelli, 2009; Youngs & Bird, 2010).
Relación entre prácticas pedagógicas de educación inicial con De Cero a Siempre
Authors: Vargas-Gónzalez Ángela Patricia 
Published: March 2022

En este artículo de investigación se analiza la relación entre prácticas pedagógicas de la modalidad institucional de la educación inicial colombiana con los lineamientos educativos del programa De Cero a Siempre. Metodológicamente se realizó un estudio de caso comparativo (ECC), en el que se analizaron 36 prácticas pedagógicas con el método de comparación constante de la teoría fundamentada constructivista. Los principales resultados muestran que, aunque en las prácticas pedagógicas se mantiene una tradición mimética, que se contradice con los postulados de la política educativa, se atisban modos de relacionamiento basados en el respeto y reconocimiento del otro.
Strategies for Improved Stability of Methanol-in-Diesel Emulsions
Authors: Ghosh Anupam , Ravikrishna R. V. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This study is motivated by the need to present a robust methodology for preparing stable methanol-in-diesel emulsions for use in compression ignition engines with the specific objective of maximizing the methanol content. Specifically, it involved exploring the feasibility of methanol-in-diesel emulsions with conventional surfactants such as Tween-80 and Span-80 and nonconventional surfactants such as 1-dodecanol, pentanol, and butanol. The hydrophilic–lipophilic balance (HLB) values of the surfactant varied from 7 to 15 to investigate the role of the surfactant HLB on the stability of the macroemulsion. It is observed that the macroemulsion with an HLB value of 10 provides the best stability results. Using surfactant HLB value of 10, three macroemulsions with 10 wt%, 15 wt%, and 20 wt% of methanol were prepared using ultrasonication. However, only the macroemulsion with 10 wt% of methanol was observed to be stable for at least 20 days after preparation. Next, the microemulsions of diesel–methanol were produced by using nonconventional surfactants such as 1-dodecanol, pentanol, and butanol. Among these, 1-dodecanol was found out as the most suitable surfactant owing to its ability to form microemulsions with any mixing ratio of diesel–methanol and its high cetane number (63.6). This study has clearly brought out the strategies for preparing both macro and microemulsions. Overall, the results presented in the current work are expected to aid efforts in adapting compression ignition engines for diesel–methanol fuel blends.
Correlates of time to clinical presentation for symptomatic individuals with gonorrhoea in South China: results from a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhao Peizhen , Nie Juan , Cheng Huanhuan , Tang Weiming , Zheng Heping , Yang Bin , Wang Cheng 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the variation in the interval between the onset of symptoms and clinical presentation, and its associated factors among symptomatic individuals with gonorrhoea.DesignA cross-sectional study was conducted between 1 June and 30 July 2017.Setting129 sexually transmitted disease clinics from 21 cities of Guangdong, China.ParticipantsUsing convenience sampling method to recruit symptomatic individuals with gonorrhoea over 18 years old.Outcome measureTime to clinical presentation.ResultsAmong 1664 participants, the median age was 29 (24–36) years old, and the majority were male (92.5%) and married (52.9%). The median time to clinical presentation was 3 (2–6) days. About 471 (28.3%) patients had sexual contact while symptomatic. After adjusting for covariates, participants who were female (aβ=0.44, 95% CI: 0.22 to 0.80), from east Guangdong region (aβ=0.44, 95% CI: 0.22 to 0.80) and had the absence of dysuria (aβ=0.26, 95% CI: 0.06 to 0.46) had increased time to clinical presentation. Participants who had commercial sex in the past 6 months (aβ=−0.11, 95% CI: −0.21 to –0.01) had decreased time to clinical presentation. Participants who were female (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=1.66, 95% CI: 1.08 to 2.50) and delayed in seeking healthcare more than 7 days (aOR=46.71, 95% CI: 24.27 to 89.93) were more likely to have sexual contact while symptomatic.ConclusionThe time to clinical presentation for individuals with symptomatic gonorrhoea is variable and a high proportion of participants continued to have sexual behaviour while symptomatic. Strategies to increase health literacy may help to minimise the sequelae of gonorrhoea and reduce onward transmission.
Disease progression in osteosarcoma: a multistate model for the EURAMOS-1 (European and American Osteosarcoma Study) randomised clinical trial
Authors: Hazewinkel Audinga-Dea , Lancia Carlo , Anninga Jakob , van de Sande Michiel , Whelan Jeremy , Gelderblom Hans , Fiocco Marta 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesInvestigating the effect of prognostic factors in a multistate framework on survival in a large population of patients with osteosarcoma. Of interest is how prognostic factors affect different disease stages after surgery, with stages of local recurrence (LR), new metastatic disease (NM), LR+NM, secondary malignancy, a second NM, and death.DesignAn open-label, international, phase 3 randomised controlled trial.Setting325 sites in 17 countries.ParticipantsThe subset of 1631 metastases-free patients from 1965 patients with high-grade resectable osteosarcoma, from the European and American Osteosarcoma Study.Main outcome measuresThe effect of prognostic factors on different disease stages, expressed as HRs; predictions of disease progression on an individual patient basis, according to patient-specific characteristics and history of intermediate events.ResultsOf 1631 patients, 526 experienced an intermediate event, and 305 died by the end of follow-up. An axial tumour site substantially increased the risk of LR after surgery (HR=10.84, 95% CI 8.46 to 13.86) and death after LR (HR=11.54, 95% CI 6.11 to 21.8). A poor histological increased the risk of NM (HR=5.81, 95% CI 5.31 to 6.36), which sharply declined after 3 years since surgery. Young patients (<12 years) had a lower intermediate event risk (eg, for LR: HR=0.66, 95% CI 0.51 to 0.86), when compared with adolescents (12–18 years), but had an increased risk of subsequent death, while patients aged >18 had a decreased risk of death after event (eg, for death after LR: HR=2.40, 95% CI 1.52 to 3.90; HR=0.35, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.56, respectively).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that patients with axial tumours should be monitored for LR and patients with poor histological response for NM, and that for young patients (<12) with an LR additional treatment options should be investigated.Trial registration numberNCT00134030.
Use of psychoactive substances by night-shift hospital healthcare workers during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study based in Parisian public hospitals (ALADDIN)
Authors: Cousin Lorraine , Di Beo Vincent , Marcellin Fabienne , Coscas Sarah , Mahé Véronique , Chavignaud Isabelle , Rousset Torrente Olivia , Chassany Olivier , Duracinsky Martin , Carrieri Maria Patrizia 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesThis study aimed to estimate the prevalence of psychoactive substance (PAS) use in night-shift healthcare workers (NSHW) during France’s first COVID-19 wave (March–May 2020).DesignObservational cross-sectional online survey.Setting39 public hospitals in the Assitance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) network in the Parisian area.ParticipantsA total of 1238 nurses, assistant nurses, X-ray technicians, managers, lab technicians, midwives and childcare assistants working at night or alternating between days and nights answered the questionnaire.InterventionOnline survey.Outcome measuresPAS use prevalence after weighting data for sex, age and profession using calibration on margins, in order to be representative of all AP-HP NSHW. We used the Fagerström scale and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test Concise to assess PAS use.ResultsThe weighted estimated prevalences of daily smoking, alcohol drinking and tranquilliser use in participating NSHW were 21.4, 1.3 and 2.4%, respectively. Twelve per cent (11.7%) of our study sample used opioids. During the first COVID-19 wave, PAS use remained stable except for tobacco use, with 8.6% of participants reporting an increase. Previous 3-month prevalences of tranquilliser and opioid use were significantly higher than in the general population.ConclusionDaily smoking (especially in younger men) and tranquilliser and opioid use were highly prevalent in NSHW in the AP-HP network during France’s first COVID-19 wave. Specific interventions for quitting smoking and addressing determinants of tranquilliser and opioid use in NSHW need to be developed and evaluated to improve quality of life in these essential, underdiagnosed and undertreated health personnel.
Examining the association between reported COVID-19 symptoms and testing for COVID-19 in Canada: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Pongou Roland , Ahinkorah Bright Opoku , Mabeu Marie Christelle , Agarwal Arunika , Maltais Stephanie , Yaya Sanni 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesStudies on the management of the COVID-19 pandemic through testing have been conducted in countries that have been hardest hit by this pandemic. Considering the importance of testing in containing the spread of COVID-19, it is useful to have evidence on continuing COVID-19 testing even in countries where the prevalence of COVID-19 is relatively low. We, therefore, examined the association between reported COVID-19 symptoms and testing for COVID-19 in Canada.Design and settingsWe conducted an online survey using the SurveyMonkey platform between July and October 2020 across Canada.ParticipantsA nationally representative sample size of 2790 adult individuals was used.ResultsOur findings show that respondents who reported that they and/or members of their households had COVID-19 symptoms were more likely to test for COVID-19 (adjusted OR, aOR 1.91; 95% CI 1.32 to 2.76) as compared with those who did not report COVID-19 symptoms. The likelihood of testing for COVID-19 was lower among male respondents compared with females (aOR 0.69; 95% CI 0.49 to 0.96), respondents aged 65–84 compared with those aged 18–44 (aOR 0.62; 95% CI 0.42 to 0.93), and respondents in British Columbia compared with those residing in Quebec. Higher odds of testing for COVID-19 were found among respondents who lived in Alberta compared with those who lived in Quebec (aOR 0.42; 95% CI 0.23 to 0.75) and respondents who had postgraduate education compared with those with high school or less education (aOR 1.84; 95% CI 1.01 to 3.36). The association between reported COVID-19 symptoms and testing for COVID-19 was statistically significant among female respondents (aOR 1.52; 95% CI 1.81 to 3.52) but not among male respondents.ConclusionsIn conclusion, this study provides evidence in support of the hypothesis that there is significant association between reported COVID-19 symptoms and COVID-19 testing among adult Canadians. The study highlights the need for the Canadian government to prioritise subpopulations (ie, males, those aged 65–85, and those with high school or less education) that have lower likelihood of seeking COVID-19 testing to get tested when they have symptoms.
Prediction models for venous thromboembolism in ambulatory adults with pancreatic and gastro-oesophageal cancer: protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zaheer Asma , Naumovski Nenad , Toohey Kellie , Niyonsenga Theophile , Yip Desmond , Brown Nicholas , Mortazavi Reza 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common complication of cancer. Pancreatic and gastro-oesophageal cancers are among malignancies that have the highest rates of VTE occurrence. VTE can increase cancer-related morbidity and mortality and disrupt cancer treatment. The risk of VTE can be managed with measures such as using anticoagulant drugs, although the risk of bleeding may be an impeding factor. Therefore, a VTE risk assessment should be performed before the start of anticoagulation in individual patients. Several prediction models have been published, but most of them have low sensitivity and unknown clinical applicability in pancreatic or gastro-oesphageal cancers. We intend to do this systematic review to identify all applicable published predictive models and compare their performance in those types of cancer.Methods and analysisAll studies in which a prediction model for VTE have been developed, validated or compared using adult ambulatory patients with pancreatic or gastro-oesphageal cancers will be identified and the reported predictive performance indicators will be extracted. Full text peer-reviewed journal articles of observational or experimental studies published in English will be included. Five databases (Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL and Cochrane) will be searched. Two reviewers will independently undertake each of the phases of screening, data extraction and risk of bias assessment. The quality of the selected studies will be assessed using Prediction model Risk Of Bias Assessment Tool. The results from the review will be used for a narrative information synthesis, and if the same models have been validated in multiple studies, meta-analyses will be done to pool the predictive performance measures.Ethics and disseminationThere is no need for ethics approval because the review will use previously peer-reviewed articles. The results will be published.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021253887.
Effect of systemic bisphosphonate administration on patients with periodontal disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Koide Yoko , Kataoka Yu , Hasegawa Takeshi , Ota Erika , Noma Hisashi 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionPeriodontal disease is a chronic oral infectious disease affecting adults worldwide as well as a lifestyle-related disease related to diabetes. Bisphosphonate is a drug often taken by patients with osteoporosis; however, it reportedly can cause jawbone necrosis. Due to its mechanism of action on bone tissue, bisphosphonate has been used topically on periodontal tissue to treat periodontal disease. However, the long-term systemic effects of bisphosphonates on periodontal tissues are unclear. This paper describes a protocol evaluating the effects of systemic bisphosphonate administration to prevent periodontal tissue destruction in patients with periodontal disease. No systematic review has attempted to summarise the evidence for systemic bisphosphonates in periodontal therapy. The results of the proposed systematic review will inform the practice and design of future clinical trials.Methods and analysisThis paper describes a protocol for a systematic review of the relevant published analytic research using an aggregative thematic approach according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols guidelines. Two authors will perform a comprehensive search for studies on Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Embase, LILACS and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases. Abstract screening, full-text screening and data extraction will be performed independently by two authors. A meta-analysis will be conducted as appropriate.Ethics and disseminationThe protocol of this systematic review will be provided in a peer-reviewed journal. Formal ethics approval is not necessary because researchers will not identify individuals in the report.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020212698 (http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/).
Familial risk of atrioventricular block in first-degree relatives
Authors: Dyssekilde Johnni Resdal , Christiansen Morten Krogh , Johansen Jens Brock , Nielsen Jens Cosedis , Bundgaard Henning , Jensen Henrik Kjaerulf 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveRare cases of genetically inherited atrioventricular block (AVB) have been reported; however, the heredity of AVB remains unknown. We aimed to assess the heredity of AVB.Design, setting and participantsUsing data from the Danish Civil Registration Registry, we established a nationwide cohort of individuals with parental links. Data were merged with information from the Danish Pacemaker and Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Registry, containing information on all pacemaker implantations performed in Denmark during the study period, to identify patients who received a first-time pacemaker because of AVB.ResultsA total of 4 648 204 individuals had parental links and a total of 26 880 consecutive patients received a first-time pacemaker due to AVB. Overall, the adjusted rate ratio (RR) of pacemaker implantation due to AVB was 2.1 (95% CI 1.8 to 2.5) if a father, mother or sibling had AVB compared with the risk in the general population. The adjusted RR was 2.2 (1.7–2.9) for offspring of mothers with AVB, 1.9 (1.5–2.4) for offspring of fathers with AVB and 3.5 (2.3–5.4) for siblings to a patient with AVB. The risk increased inversely proportionally with the age of the index case at the time of pacemaker implantation. The corresponding adjusted RRs were 15.8 (4.8–52.3) and 10.0 (3.3–30.4) if a mother or father, respectively, had a pacemaker implantation before 50 years.Conclusion and relevanceFirst-degree relatives to a patient with AVB carry an increased risk of AVB with the risk being strongly inversely associated with the age of the index case at pacemaker implantation. These findings indicate a genetic component in the development of AVB in families with an early-onset disease.
Planetary geomorphology
Authors: Conway Susan J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
With the advent of the space age, planetary geomorphology has become a stand-alone discipline. This contribution provides a summary of the different processes that have been identified to form landscapes and landforms on planetary bodies in our Solar System, including rocky planets, icy planets and moons, dwarf planets, comets and asteroids. I highlight the insights these landforms have provided into the workings of these bodies and how what has been learnt in space has often taught us new lessons about the Earth. Finally, I conclude that despite the limitations imposed by remote sensing, planetary geomorphology has a bright future in planning future missions to explore our Solar System as well as understanding the data that will be returned.
Constant-time Dynamic (Δ +1)-Coloring
Authors: Henzinger Monika , Peng Pan 
Published: March 2022

We give a fully dynamic (Las-Vegas style) algorithm with
constant expected amortized
time per update that maintains a proper (Δ +1)-vertex coloring of a graph with maximum degree at most Δ. This improves upon the previous
O
(log Δ)-time algorithm by Bhattacharya et al. (SODA 2018). Our algorithm uses an approach based on assigning random ranks to vertices and does not need to maintain a hierarchical graph decomposition. We show that our result does not only have optimal running time but is also optimal in the sense that already deciding whether a Δ-coloring exists in a dynamically changing graph with maximum degree at most Δ takes Ω (log
n
) time per operation.
Formal Methods in Railways: A Systematic Mapping Study
Authors: Ferrari Alessio , Beek Maurice H. Ter 
Published: March 2022

Formal methods are mathematically based techniques for the rigorous development of software-intensive systems. The railway signaling domain is a field in which formal methods have traditionally been applied, with several success stories. This article reports on a mapping study that surveys the landscape of research on applications of formal methods to the development of railway systems. Following the guidelines of systematic reviews, we identify 328 relevant primary studies, and extract information about their demographics, the characteristics of formal methods used and railway-specific aspects. Our main results are as follows: (i) we identify a total of 328 primary studies relevant to our scope published between 1989 and 2020, of which 44% published during the last 5 years and 24% involved industry; (ii) the majority of studies are evaluated through Examples (41%) and Experience Reports (38%), while full-fledged Case Studies are limited (1.5%); (iii) Model checking is the most commonly adopted technique (47%), followed by simulation (27%) and theorem proving (19.5%); (iv) the dominant languages are UML (18%) and B (15%), while frequently used tools are ProB (9%), NuSMV (8%), and UPPAAL (7%); however, a diverse landscape of languages and tools is employed; (v) the majority of systems are interlocking products (40%), followed by models of high-level control logic (27%); and (vi) most of the studies focus on the Architecture (66%) and Detailed Design (45%) development phases. Based on these findings, we highlight current research gaps and expected actions. In particular, the need to focus on more empirically sound research methods, such as Case Studies and Controlled Experiments, and to lower the degree of abstraction, by applying formal methods and tools to development phases that are closer to software development. Our study contributes with an empirically based perspective on the future of research and practice in formal methods applications for railways. It can be used by formal methods researchers to better focus their scientific inquiries, and by railway practitioners for an improved understanding of the interplay between formal methods and their specific application domain.