bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate warming impact on the carbon balance in forest soils in Russia
Authors: Stolbovoy V. S. 
Published: October 2022

The carbon balance in forest soils (CBFS) was studied on the basis of the geostatistical process model “BIGIN” (Biosphere Greenhousegas Inventory). Warming in boreal forests in the baseline period (1990 ± 5 yr.) initiates a shift in the CBFS towards its decrease, i. e. CO2 source. In the horizon “O”, the decrease in the CBFS is minus 101.4 MtC. The warming of the climate by 1.5 °C and 3 °C will cause a further decrease in the CBFS by 345.7 MtC and 691.4 MtC, respectively. In moderately warm forests, climate warming initiates the formation of a positive CBFS, i. e. CO2 sink. In the horizon “O” of the soils of moderately warm forests, climate warming in the baseline period and in the future leads to the development of positive CBFS, i. e. CO2 sink of 62.4 MtC, 212.8 MtC and 425.4 MtC, respectively. Positive changes in the CBFS in boreal and moderately warm forests in the studied range of climatic temperatures were noted in the horizon “A1” (7.3 MtC, 24.9 MtC and 49.8 MtC) and the horizon “Bh” (14.1 MtC, 48.0 MtC, 96.2 MtC). Climate warming initiates a total negative CBFS (minus 17.6 MtC). Further warming of the climate by 1.5 °C and 3.0 °C will lead to a decrease in the CBFS by minus 60.0 MtC and minus 120.0 MtC. In terms of CO2-equivalent, this will amount to 4%, 13% and 27% of the total country annual emission in 2020. Negative CBFS is not an indicator of emission strengthening. The final conclusion about CO2 source/sink can be made only when analyzing the forest ecosystem when conducting a coupled soil-stand analysis. The error in the estimation of the CBFS in the soil organic profile in the baseline period is ± 23.0 MtC at a confidence level of P = 0.67 and ± 47 MtC at a confidence level of P = 0.95. With an increase in temperature by 1.5 °C, the error will be ± 80.0 MtC and ± 160.0 MtC at confidence levels of P = 0.67 and P = 0.95 respectively. The magnitude of the error will be ± 160.0 MtC and ± 320.0 MtC at confidence levels P = 0.67 and P = 0.95 respectively with an increase in temperature by 3.0 °C.
Clinical possibilities of HER2-positive breast cancer diagnosis using alternative scaffold proteins
Authors: Bragina O. D. , Chernov V. I. , Deyev S. M. , Tolmachev V. M. 
Published: October 2022

HER2-positive breast cancer occurs in 15–20% of breast cancer patients and is associated primarily with a poor prognosis of the disease and the need for highly specific targeted therapy. Despite the clinical importance of determining HER2/neu, traditional diagnostic methods have their disadvantages and require the study of new additional research techniques.The information presented in this review makes it possible to consider current trends in the radionuclide diagnosis of HER2-positive breast cancer using the latest class of alternative scaffold proteins and to consider various aspects of their use in clinical practice.
Executive dysfunction in affective disorders: differences in bipolar affective disorder and depressive episode
Authors: Galkin S. A. , Vasilieva S. N. , Simutkin G. G. , Ivanova S. A. 
Published: October 2022

Aim. To identify the differences in executive function (inhibitory control, working memory, cognitive flexibility) between patients with bipolar affective disorder and depressive episode.Materials and methods. A total of 72 patients with affective disorders aged 20–40 years were examined. Of them, 30 patients had bipolar affective disorder, a current episode of mild or moderate depression, and 42 patients had a mild, moderate, and severe depressive episode without symptoms of psychosis. The executive function was evaluated using PsyToolkit, a set of software tools for programming psychological experiments. Computerized Go/ No–go tasks (assessment of inhibitory control and psychomotor functions), the Corsi block-tapping test (assessment of visual and spatial working memory capacities), and the Stroop Color and Word Test (assessment of cognitive flexibility) were used.Results. An intergroup comparison of patients revealed that patients with bipolar disorder significantly more often demonstrated false button press in the Go/No–go task (p = 0.043); however, they exhibited a greater working memory capacity in the Corsi block-tapping test (p = 0.049) compared with patients with a depressive episode.Conclusion. Important data were obtained regarding the specifics of executive dysfunction depending on the type of affective disorder. The presented data expand and supplement available information about the cognitive characteristics of patients with bipolar affective disorder and depressive episode, which may be useful in clinical practice and serve a focus of future research.
Biogenic Mn2O3 activating peroxymonosulfate for phenanthrene removal in soil
Authors: Zhang Hongrui , Long Xizi , Li Xianning 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
While the peroxymonosulfate (PMS) advanced oxidation was regarded as an emerging method to degraded recalcitrant pollutant in soil, the design and synthesis of activator for PMS was still challenging. Here, by using Shewanella oneidensis MR-1, a representative model strain of dissimilatory metal reducing bacteria in soil and sediment, biogenic Mn2O3 nanoparticles was synthesized by the oxidizing of 5 mM Mn(II), to activate the PMS for phenanthrene degrading in soil. It was observed that 77.4% of phenanthrene was removed in soil with biogenic Mn2O3 whereas 55.7% was achieved with chemical synthesized Mn2O3, which was associated with their characterizations: biogenic Mn2O3 presenting faster electron transfer rate and owing to the higher ratio of Mn(III) to donate electrons to PMS. Moreover, the feasibility of this PMS advanced oxidation to soil remediation was further evaluated by the analysis of microbial community diversity. Considering that Mn is abundant in natural soil and groundwater system, biogenic Mn2O3 synthesized in-situ would be a new strategy for soil remediation.
WITHDRAWN: Evaluation of Different Ansatze Designs for Quantum Neural Network Binary Classifiers
Authors: Metawei Maha A. , Said Hazem , Taher Mohamed , ElDeeb Hesham , Nassar Salwa M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
For classification problems, ansatz circuits are an efficient and promising quantum-classical machine learning technique. However, a difficult design challenge arises: which quantum circuit should be used for model training? Low depth ansatz circuits have been used in a variety of applications in recent years. The earlier works defined several quantum circuit descriptors to evaluate an ansatz design such as the circuit expressibility, the efficiency with which a quantum circuit may exploit the Hilbert Space, and the entanglement capability, a circuit's capability of detecting data correlation. Additionally in this work, we investigate, measure, and analyze the effect of the number of ansatz repetition layers L, and the expressibility power of the data encoding module. The proposed quantum neural network classifiers were trained on four different classical datasets using 19 hardware-efficient parametrized circuits. The heuristic experimental results show that ansatz designs with high to moderate expressibiliy values outperformed ones with low expressibility values. By analyzing the circuit cost, we see a tendency toward maximizing the number of parameters which helps in the QNN model's convergence. On simulated hardware, we observe that the proposed quantum neural network achieves up to 97.5\% prediction accuracy using the angle data encoding module.
Optimizing machine learning algorithms for spatial prediction of gully erosion susceptibility with four training scenarios
Authors: liu Guoqing , Arabameri Alireza , Santosh Mantosh , nalivan omid asadi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Gully erosion causes high soil erosion rates and is an environmental concern posing major risk to the sustainability of cultivated areas of the world. Gullies modify the land, shape new landforms and damage agricultural fields. Gully erosion mapping is essential to understand the mechanism, development, and evolution of gullies. In this work, a new modeling approach was employed for gully erosion susceptibility mapping (GESM) in the Golestan Dam basin of Iran. The measurements of 14 gully-erosion (GE) factors at 1042 GE locations were compiled in a spatial database. Four training data sets comprised of 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25% of the entire database were used for modeling and validation (for each data set in the common 70:30 ratio). Four machine learning models – max entropy (MaxEnt), general linear model (GLM), support vector machine (SVM), and artificial neural network (ANN) – were employed to check the usefulness of the four training scenarios. The results of random forest (RF) analysis indicated that the most important GE effective factors were distance from the stream, elevation, distance from the road, and vertical distance of the channel network (VDCN). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was used to validate the results. Area under the curve (AUC) values for the four training samples modeled were 100% (AUC = 0.857), 75% (AUC = 0.884), 50% (AUC = 0.904), and 25% (AUC = 0.859) respectively. These results indicate that the ANN model is highly accurate in GESM, but the 50% sample was most accurate. The other models – SVM (AUC = 0.898), GLM (AUC = 0.853) and MaxEnt (AUC = 0.841) also achieved acceptable results.
Pharmacist-Led Telemedicine Disease Management Based on Mobile Application for Elderly Patients with Hypertension: A Self-Controlled Case Series Study
Authors: Li Quanzhi , Yang Lijuan , Zheng Tingting , Han Shuang , Yang Shuo , Lin Ping , Liang Jianhua , Zhang Tianjing , Liu Sitong , Zhang Wei , Zhen Jiancun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Hypertension is a major contributor to cardiovascular diseases globally. Pharmacists can help patients with hypertension to reduce blood pressure (BP) with telemedicine technology. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a new pharmacist-led telemedicine disease management model based on mobile application for elderly hypertensive patients.
Methods
Elderly patients aged 60–85 years old, diagnosed with hypertension, and taking at least five medications were enrolled in a pharmacist-led telemedicine disease management program for six months, during which patient transmitted BP and blood glucose (BG) to pharmacist via a new telemedicine system, and pharmacists provided interventions such as monitoring indicators, medication therapy management (MTM), medication consultation, and measured HbA1c and blood lipid of patients every three months. If necessary, pharmacists also communicated with community physicians about patients’ medications adjustment plan.
Results
After the six-month intervention, systolic blood pressure (132.30 ± 9.88 vs 134.54 ± 15.59, p = 0.013), LDL-C (1.85 ± 0.77 vs 2.09 ± 0.85, p = 0.001), and HbA1c (6.59 ± 0.98 vs 6.91 ± 1.17, p = 0.009) showed significant reductions in all patients. Moreover, BP control rates (80% vs 63%, p < 0.001) and LDL-C control rates (82% vs 71%,p = 0.002) showed significant improvements, comparing against the baseline. 99.3% patients selected 5 points for satisfaction scores.
Conclusions
This study showed that disease management for elderly patients provided via telemedicine by pharmacists could effectively improve patients’ clinical outcomes such as BP, BG, and blood lipids, and all patients were satisfied with this new telemedicine disease management model. The pharmacist-led telemedicine disease management for elderly patients is feasible.
Trial registration:
ChiCTR, ChiCTR2000033095.Registered on 20 May 2020.
The Spatial Effect of Green Finance on PM2.5 ——Analysis of Mediating Effect Based on Technological Innovation
Authors: Cui Yiniu , Zhong Cheng , Wu Desheng , Cao Jianhong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper uses technological innovation as a mediating variable, based on 30 provincial panel data in China from 2011 to 2019, and uses the spatial Durbin model to study the spatial effect of green finance on PM2.5. It is found that the development of green finance not only inhibits local PM2.5 emissions, but also drives the development of green finance in the surrounding areas through the spillover effect of green finance, thereby inhibiting PM2.5 emissions in the surrounding areas. Through empirical research, this paper also finds that technological innovation has a significant mediating effect on the reduction of PM2.5 by green finance. At the key stage of green transformation in China, green finance can optimize the allocation of financial resources and provide financial support for technological innovation of enterprises, thereby reducing energy consumption and pollution emissions through technological innovation and ultimately inhibiting PM2.5. This study links green finance and PM2.5 from the perspective of space, and explores the channels to improve air quality in China, which is conducive to accelerating the green transformation of China 's economy and improving the human living environment.
Coastal Dynamic Products Monitoring: Ratioing Strength and Weakness Analysis, ENVI Based Modelling
Authors: Trihatmoko Edy , Sartohadi Junun , Marfai Muh Aris , Pratiwi Elok Surya , Rietdijk Chantalle Elisabeth , Nugraha Satya Budi , Wongsokarto Misdianto , Aji Ananto , Annaufal Muhammad Hafizh , Yulianasari Dwi , Kusumawardani Rini 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Studies on coastal area changes have attracted more studies over time. Monitoring highly dynamic coastal areas is effective using raster-to-vector modeling methods. This study aimed to demonstrate the ratioing method and evaluate other image-processing in simple raster analysis methods to analyze shoreline changes as coastal dynamics products. The most commonly used methods are change detection analysis, color mapping: density slice, Region of Interest (ROI), and ratioing. However, the existing methods are distinctive in assumptions, which reflect their suitability and effectiveness as the primary method for monitoring the coastal dynamics. As part of simple raster analysis, ratioing is deemed the most accurate in determining shoreline change. It shows clear pixel values with binary codes, i.e., “0” and “1” as sea or water body, and land or non-water, respectively. The lowest initial percentage of Digital Number at the first decline of the histogram is the key to minimize the error value in band ratio. This study thereby employed it to process the Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS and Landsat 5 TM images from 2011 until 2021 and identify the coastal dynamic in Kendal Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia. The results showed that throughout ten years’ sedimentation occurred dynamically in Kendal estuary from 0.84 km to 1.19 km, with average LRR of 6.99 m and 111.77 m for the highest rate.
α1A-Adrenoreceptor blockade attenuates myocardial infarction by modulating the integrin-linked kinase/TGF-β/Smad signaling pathways
Authors: Alrasheed Nawal M. , Alammari Raghad B. , Alshammari Tahani K. , Alamin Maha Abdulrahman , Alharbi Abeer O. , Alonazi Asma S. , Dayel Anfal F. Bin , Alrasheed Nouf M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The role of α1A-adrenoceptor inhibition or its relationship with integrin-linked kinase (ILK) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)/small mothers against decapentaplegic (Smad) signaling pathways in attenuating myocardial infarction (MI) is unclear.
Objectives
To investigate whether tamsulosin, an α1A-adrenoceptor blocker, attenuates MI via modulation of an ILK-related TGFβ/Smad pathway.
Methods
Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats (150−250 g) were randomly divided into four groups: 1) control group, which received a 0.9% NaCl solution orally for 21 days; 2) tamsulosin-treated group, which received tamsulosin (0.8 mg/kg) for 21 days; 3) isoproterenol (ISO)-treated group, which received 0.9% NaCl for 21 days and ISO (150 mg/kg, ip) injected on days 20 and 21 to induce MI; and 4) tamsulosin + ISO group, treated with tamsulosin for 21 days followed by two ISO injections on two consecutive days. The heart/body weight ratios and cardiac and fibrotic biomarker levels were subsequently measured. ILK, TGF-β1, p-Smad2/3, and collagen III protein expression levels were determined using biomolecular methods.
Results
Tamsulosin significantly attenuated the relative heart-body index (p < 0.5) and creatine kinase (CK)-MB levels (p < 0.01) compared to the ISO control group. While ISO produced superoxide anions and enhanced oxidative damage, tamsulosin treatment significantly prevented this damage via antioxidant defenses, increasing glutathione and superoxide dismutase levels (p < 0.05) and decreasing lipid peroxide oxidation levels (p < 0.01). Data revealed that tamsulosin reduced expression of TGF-β/p-Smad2/3 and enhanced ILK expression.
Conclusion
Tamsulosin may exert a cardioprotective effect by modulating the ILK-related TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Thus, tamsulosin may be a useful therapeutic approach for preventing MI.
Degradation of atrazine in river sediment by dielectric barrier discharge plasma (DBDP) combined with a persulfate (PS) oxidation system: Response surface methodology, degradation mechanisms and pathways
Authors: Lu Hongyu , Gao Wei , Deng Chengxun , Liu Xiaowei , Li Weiping , Yu Zhimin , Ding Haitao , Zhang Ling 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Single degradation systems based on dielectric barrier discharge plasma (DBDP) or persulfate (PS) oxidation cannot achieve the desired goals (high degradation efficiency, high mineralization rate and low product toxicity) of degrading atrazine (ATZ) in river sediment. In this study, DBDP was combined with a PS oxidation system (DBDP/PS synergistic system) to degrade ATZ in river sediment. A Box–Behnken design (BBD) design including five factors (discharge voltage, air flow, initial concentration, oxidizer dose and activator dose) and three levels (-1, 0 and 1) was established to test a mathematical model by response surface methodology (RSM). The results confirmed that the degradation efficiency of ATZ in river sediment was 96.5% in the DBDP/PS synergistic system after 10 min of degradation. The experimental total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency results proved that 85.3% of ATZ is mineralized into CO2, H2O and NH4+, which effectively reduces the possible biological toxicity of the intermediate products. Active species (sulfate (SO4•−), hydroxy (•OH) and superoxide (•O2−) radicals) were found to exert positive effects in the DBDP/PS synergistic system and illustrated the degradation mechanism of ATZ. The ATZ degradation pathway, composed of 7 main intermediates, was clarified by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). This study indicates that the DBDP/PS synergistic system is a highly efficient, environmentally friendly, novel method for the remediation of river sediment containing ATZ pollution.
Detecting symmetry fractionalization in gapped quantum spin liquids by magnetic impurities
Authors: Lu Shuangyuan , Lu Yuan-Ming 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We study the Kondo effect of spin-1/2 magnetic impurities in gapped Z2 spin liquids on two-dimensional lattices. We find that if the impurity is placed at a high-symmetry location, a nontrivial spinon fractionalization class of the impurity site symmetry group will necessarily lead to a non-Kramers doublet in the Kondo screening regime, protected by associated crystalline symmetries. This is in sharp contrast to a featureless screening phase in the usual Kondo effect. We demonstrate this symmetry-protected topological degeneracy by an exactly solvable model and by the large-N theory. Based on this effect, we discuss how thermodynamic measurements in the limit of dilute magnetic impurities can be used to detect symmetry fractionalization in gapped Z2 spin liquids.
High Concentration Heightens Risk for Power Lithium-ion Battery Supply Chains Globally
Authors: Miao Youping , Liu Lili , Xu Kaihua , Li Jinhui 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Global low-carbon contracts, along with the energy and environmental crises, have promoted the rapid development of the new-energy vehicle industry and encouraged the rapid development of the power battery industry. As the current first choice of power battery, lithium-ion batteries have overwhelming advantages. However, the explosive growth of the demand for power lithium-ion batteries is likely to cause crises such as resource shortages and supply-demand imbalances, hindering the future of the low-carbon world. This study adopts qualitative and quantitative research methods to comprehensively evaluate the global power lithium-ion battery supply and demand risks by analyzing the global material flow of these batteries. Based on data availability, we use qualitative research on the world reserves and mine production of critical raw materials and quantitative dynamic material flow analysis for the shipment, installation, and global consumption of the batteries. The results show that each process in the power lithium-ion battery industry is highly concentrated, but each within different countries or regions, creating significant risks for the raw material supply, battery shipping, and market demand sides. The comprehensive results show that the supply risk of power lithium-ion batteries is very high.
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 serves as a novel therapeutic target for acral melanoma
Authors: Tanaka Yuka , Ito Takamichi , Kaku-Ito Yumiko , Tanegashima Keiko , Tsuji Gaku , Kido-Nakahara Makiko , Oda Yoshinao , Nakahara Takeshi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Acral melanoma (AM) is a rare, life-threatening skin cancer. Since AM bears unique features, existing therapies for other types of malignant melanomas have limited effects and the establishment of effective treatments for AM is strongly desired. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that is frequently elevated in tumors and contributes to tumor progression, so it is considered a promising therapeutic target for tumors. This study was established to evaluate the potential of HER3-targeted therapy to treat AM by investigating the expression and function of HER3 in AM. HER3 expression was immunohistochemically analyzed in AM lesions of 72 patients and the relationship between HER3 expression and patient survival was analyzed. HER3 was also measured in AM cell lines. To investigate its function, HER3 was inhibited by siRNA and its effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis/survival, anchorage-independent growth, and underlying signals were assessed. HER3 was expressed in patients’ AM tissues with various intensities. Disease-free survival was significantly shorter in HER3-positive patients than in HER3-negative ones. In vitro analyses revealed that HER3 is more highly expressed in AM cell lines than in normal epidermal melanocytes. AM cells were also shown to be sensitive to the cytotoxic part of a HER3-targeted antibody-drug conjugate. Inhibition of HER3 did not affect cell proliferation, whereas it decreased the anchorage-independent growth of AM cells. HER3 affects the nuclear translocation of Yes-associated protein (YAP) to regulate anchorage-independent growth. HER3 is expressed in AM and involved in regulating anchorage-independent growth of AM cells through YAP signaling. HER3 may thus serve as a novel therapeutic target for AM.