bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association Between Step Count Measured With a Smartphone App (Pain-Note) and Pain Level in Patients With Chronic Pain: Observational Study
Authors: Ogawa Takahisa , Castelo-Branco Luis , Hatta Kotaro , Usui Chie 
Published: February 2022

Background
Chronic pain is the leading cause of disability, affecting between 20% and 50% of the global population. The key recommended treatment is physical activity, which can be measured in daily life using a pedometer. However, poor adherence to pedometer use can result in incorrect measurements. Furthermore, only a few studies have investigated a possible curvilinear association between physical activity and chronic pain.

Objective
In this study, we developed the Pain-Note smartphone app to collect real-world data on step count, using the smartphone’s built-in pedometer. The aims of our research are (1) to evaluate the association between daily step count and pain level among patients with chronic pain and (2) determine if the association between daily step count and pain level was curvilinear.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study based on step count data collected with the app and on the results of questionnaires, which measured the duration and intensity of pain, the widespread pain index, the symptom severity score, and the insomnia severity scale, including 7 questions for symptoms of depression. We analyzed the association between step count and pain level as a nonlinear relationship using a restricted cubic spline model. A prespecified subgroup analysis was also conducted based on fibromyalgia criteria.

Results
Between June 1, 2018, and June 11, 2020, a total of 6138 records were identified, of which 1273 were analyzed. The mean age of the participants was 38.7 years, 81.9% (1043/1273) were female, and chronic pain was present for more than 5 years in 43.2% (550/1273) of participants. Participants in the third and fourth quartiles for step count (more than 3045 and 5668 steps a day, respectively) showed a significant positive association between higher step count and lower numerical pain rating scale (mean difference –0.43, 95% CI –0.78 to –0.08, P=.02; –0.45; 95% CI –0.8 to –0.1, P=.01, respectively) than those in the first quartile (less than or equal to 1199 steps a day). The restricted cubic spline model for the association between step count and pain scale displayed a steep decline followed by a moderate decrease as the step count increased; the inflection point was 5000 steps. However, this association was not observed among participants who met the fibromyalgia criteria (491/1273), who showed a steep positive increase below 2000 steps. Data were collected between June 1, 2018, and June 11, 2020, and were analyzed on November 18, 2021.

Conclusions
Step count measured with the Pain-Note app showed a nonlinear association with pain level. Although participants with and without fibromyalgia showed a negative correlation between step count and pain level, participants who meet the criteria for fibromyalgia may present a different relationship between walking and pain perception compared to those in the general chronic pain population.
Toward Research-Informed Design Implications for Interventions Limiting Smartphone Use: Functionalities Review of Digital Well-being Apps
Authors: Almoallim Sultan , Sas Corina 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundMuch research in human-computer interaction has focused on well-being and how it can be better supported through a range of technologies, from affective interfaces to mindfulness systems. At the same time, we have seen a growing number of commercial digital well-being apps. However, there has been limited scholarly work reviewing these apps.ObjectiveThis paper aims to report on an autoethnographic study and functionality review of the 39 most popular commercial digital well-being apps on Google Play Store and 17 apps described in academic papers.MethodsFrom 1250 apps on Google Play Store, we selected 39 (3.12%) digital well-being apps, and from Google Scholar, we identified 17 papers describing academic apps. Both sets of digital well-being apps were analyzed through a review of their functionalities based on their descriptions. The commercial apps were also analyzed through autoethnography, wherein the first author interacted with them to understand how these functionalities work and how they may be experienced by users in their daily lives.ResultsOur findings indicate that these apps focus mostly on limiting screen time, and we advanced a richer conversation about such apps, articulating the distinctions among monitoring use, tracking use against set limits, and 4 specific interventions supporting limited use.ConclusionsWe conclude with 6 implications for designing digital well-being apps, namely calling to move beyond screen time and support the broader focus of digital well-being; supporting meaningful use rather than limiting meaningless use; leveraging (digital) navigation in design for friction; supporting collaborative interaction to limit phone overuse; supporting explicit, time-based visualizations for monitoring functionality; and supporting the ethical design of digital well-being apps.
Immersive Virtual Reality–Based Cognitive Intervention for the Improvement of Cognitive Function, Depression, and Perceived Stress in Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Mild Dementia: Pilot Pre-Post Study
Authors: Zhu KaiYan , Zhang QiongYao , He BingWei , Huang MeiZhen , Lin Rong , Li Hong 
Published: February 2022

Background
The incidence of dementia is increasing annually, resulting in varying degrees of adverse effects for individuals, families, and society. With the continuous development of computer information technology, cognitive interventions are constantly evolving. The use of immersive virtual reality (IVR) as a cognitive intervention for older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild dementia (MD) is promising, although only few studies have focused on its use.

Objective
The Chinese virtual supermarket (CVSM) IVR system was developed to provide a comprehensive and individual cognitive intervention program for older patients with MCI and MD. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility and clinical effectiveness of this 5-week IVR-based cognitive intervention.

Methods
A pretest-posttest study design was conducted with 31 older adults with MCI and MD from August 2020 to January 2021. All participants participated in a 5-week immersive virtual cognitive training program using the CVSM system. Feasibility was assessed as the incidence and severity of cybersickness symptoms and participant satisfaction based on questionnaires conducted after the intervention. Clinical effectiveness was evaluated using neuropsychological assessments, including several commonly used measures of cognitive function, depression, perceived stress, and activities of daily living. Measurements were obtained at baseline and after the intervention period.

Results
A total of 18 patients with MCI (mean age 82.94 [SD 5.44] years; 12 females) and 13 patients with MD (mean age 85.7 [SD 4.67] years, 10 females) participated in this pilot study. Both groups showed significant improvements in all cognitive function measurements (P<.001). The MD group had a significantly greater improvement in general cognitive function compared to the MCI group in Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale, Symbol Digit Modalities Test, Shape Trail Test, and Auditory Verbal Learning Test. Furthermore, an intervention effect was observed in the improvement of perceived stress (P=.048 for MD group, P=.03 for MCI group ).

Conclusions
The use of the CVSM system may be effective in enhancing the cognitive function of patients with MCI and MD, including general cognitive function, memory, executive function, and attention. IVR technology enriches cognitive intervention approaches and provides acceptable, professional, personalized, and interesting cognitive training for older adults with cognitive impairment.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials ChiCTR2100043753; https://trialsearch.who.int/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=ChiCTR2100043753
Understanding Information Needs and Barriers to Accessing Health Information Across All Stages of Pregnancy: Systematic Review
Authors: Lu Yu , Barrett Laura A , Lin Rebecca Z , Amith Muhammad , Tao Cui , He Zhe 
Published: February 2022

Background
Understanding consumers’ health information needs across all stages of the pregnancy trajectory is crucial to the development of mechanisms that allow them to retrieve high-quality, customized, and layperson-friendly health information.

Objective
The objective of this study was to identify research gaps in pregnancy-related consumer information needs and available information from different sources.

Methods
We conducted a systematic review of CINAHL, Cochrane, PubMed, and Web of Science for relevant articles that were published from 2009 to 2019. The quality of the included articles was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program. A descriptive data analysis was performed on these articles. Based on the review result, we developed the Pregnancy Information Needs Ontology (PINO) and made it publicly available in GitHub and BioPortal.

Results
A total of 33 articles from 9 countries met the inclusion criteria for this review, of which the majority were published no earlier than 2016. Most studies were either descriptive (9/33, 27%), interviews (7/33, 21%), or surveys/questionnaires (7/33, 21%); 20 articles mentioned consumers’ pregnancy-related information needs. Half (9/18, 50%) of the human-subject studies were conducted in the United States. More than a third (13/33, 39%) of all studies focused on during-pregnancy stage; only one study (1/33, 3%) was about all stages of pregnancy. The most frequent consumer information needs were related to labor delivery (9/20, 45%), medication in pregnancy (6/20, 30%), newborn care (5/20, 25%), and lab tests (6/20, 30%). The most frequently available source of information was the internet (15/24, 63%). PINO consists of 267 classes, 555 axioms, and 271 subclass relationships.

Conclusions
Only a few articles assessed the barriers to access to pregnancy-related information and the quality of each source of information; further work is needed. Future work is also needed to address the gaps between the information needed and the information available.
Simulation-Based Learning Supported by Technology to Enhance Critical Thinking in Nursing Students: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Stenseth Hege Vistven , Steindal Simen Alexander , Solberg Marianne Trygg , Ølnes Mia Alexandra , Mohallem Andrea , Sørensen Anne Lene , Strandell-Laine Camilla , Olaussen Camilla , Aure Caroline Farsjø , Riegel Fernando , Pedersen Ingunn , Zlamal Jaroslav , Martini Jussara Gue , Bresolin Paula , Linnerud Silje Christin Wang , Nes Andréa Aparecida Gonçalves 
Published: February 2022

Background
Critical thinking is a crucial skill in the nursing profession, so teaching strategies and methodology must be carefully considered when training and preparing nursing students to think critically. Studies on simulation-based learning supported by technology are increasing in nursing education, but no scoping reviews have mapped the literature on simulation-based learning supported by technology to enhance critical thinking in nursing students.

Objective
The proposed scoping review aims to systematically map research on the use of simulation-based learning supported by technology to enhance critical thinking in nursing students.

Methods
The proposed scoping review will use the framework established by Arksey and O’Malley and will be reported according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) extension for scoping reviews. A systematic, comprehensive literature search was performed in the LILACS, ERIC, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases. Pairs of authors independently selected the articles by screening titles, abstracts, full-text papers, and extract data. The data will be analyzed and thematically categorized.

Results
The development of a comprehensive and systematic search strategy was completed in June 2021. The database searches were performed in July 2021, and the screening of titles and abstracts was completed in September 2021. Charting the data began in February 2022. Analysis and synthesis will be performed sequentially, and the scoping review is expected to be complete by May 2023.

Conclusions
The results of this proposed scoping review may identify gaps in the literature and provide an overview of research on the topic of simulation-based learning supported by technology to enhance critical thinking in nursing students. The research may identify nursing students’ reported barriers and enablers for learning critical thinking skills through simulation-based learning supported by technology, and the results may help educators enhance their educational approach through knowledge of students’ firsthand experiences and further development of successful teaching strategies in nursing education.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/36725
Teledermatology: Experience in Singapore
Authors: Tan Eugene Sern-Ting 
Published: February 2022

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the development and widespread adoption of teledermatology both locally and globally. As dermatology is predominantly a visual specialty, teledermatology is particularly useful for patient care and collaboration between health care professionals.

Objective
To share lessons learned from the local experience with teledermatology in Singapore.

Methods
The main models of teledermatology are asynchronous (store-and-forward), synchronous (real-time communication), and hybrid teledermatology (mixed combination of both asynchronous and synchronous elements).

Results
During the pandemic, teledermatology has enabled suitable patients to have continued access to clinical care in the comfort of their home, while at the same time supporting safe distancing measures to mitigate exposure to and spread of SARS-CoV-2. At the National Skin Centre in Singapore, asynchronous store-and-forward teledermatology is used for telecollaboration with doctors and nurses from external health care institutions, nursing homes, and primary care clinics. A hybrid model comprising synchronous phone or video teleconsultation with the patient, together with review of recent clinical photographs submitted by the patient, is used for the remote care of selected patients with mild and/or stable dermatological conditions. There is a high diagnostic concordance of 87% between teleconsultation and in-person consultation. As not all patients are suitable for teleconsultation, preteleconsultation triage is helpful.

Conclusions
Moving forward, even as we approach a new postpandemic era, teledermatology will continue to evolve and become an integral pillar of the health care landscape.

Conflicts of Interest
None declared.
An impact evaluation of two modes of care for sickle cell disease crises
Authors: Skinner Robert , Breck Andrew , Esposito Dominick 
Published: February 2022

Aim:To estimate the economic impacts of increased use of specialty care infusion centers for treating adults experiencing vaso-occlusive crises.Methods:A Markov model is developed to estimate the impact of expanding use of specialty care infusion centers to treat vaso-occlusive crises compared to emergency department care.Results:Access to infusion centers for sickle cell disease could result in savings over US$1.9 billion in formal medical costs and over US$2 billion in societal costs, based on uptake assumptions over 10 years.Conclusion:Expansion of adult sickle cell disease centers across the nation could lead to considerably better economic outcomes in the form of reduced costs and hospital length of stay in addition to improved clinical outcomes as reported in the existing literature.
Ensuring global cyber-security in the practice of Russian diplomacy
Authors: Zinovyeva E. S. 
Published: February 2022

Book review: O. A. Melnikova Public Opinion Manipulation and Global Cyber Security. Moscow: Gnosis, 2021 .-- 208 p.Manipulation of public opinion is an important factor in international information security and stability. For many years, the Russian Federation has been supporting the formation of an international information security regime that would combat the entire spectrum of threats in this area, including the problem of manipulating consciousness as an instrument of inﬂuencing public opinion and interfering in internal affairs. The monograph under review systematically examines Russia's foreign policy initiatives in this area and describes the impact of manipulation of public opinion on international information security and the national security of the Russian Federation.
Controls on Reservoir Sand-Body Architecture: Modelling and Fluid Flow Simulation of Modern Analog, East Sudan
Authors: Khogali Abid , Syahputra Rika , Saraih Nabil , Eltom Hassan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to describe and model a modern fluvial channel that cut gently dipping alluvial plain (in eastern Sudan) and changes its morphology from upstream to downstream. Ultimately this study explores the spatial variability in geomorphological characters of this channel with the topography of the alluvial plain and how such variability controls channel connectivity and reservoir architecture. The workflow of this study integrates remote sensing, reservoir modeling, and fluid flow simulation. Satellite images (8 panels of a 160-km fluvial channel) provide means to capture channel morphology (width, sinuosity, and amalgamation), and were used to produce realistic two-dimensional (2D) geo-cellular models. Stacked on top of each other from upstream to downstream, the 2D models provide a three-dimensional (3D) geo-cellular model that simulates the horizontal variability in the channel morphology vertically. Within this 3D model, fluvial channels were assigned to clean sandstone facies (relatively higher porosity and permeability), and flood plains were assigned to mudstone facies (relatively lower porosity and permeability). Systematic penetration of the 3D models by 27 pseudo wells shows a low chance of penetrating the channel sandstone by these wells―only 8 out of the 27 pseudo wells (∼ 30%) penetrate the channel sandstones. The opportunity of penetrating channel sandstone increases toward the upstream area (lower zones in the 3D models), where the channel has a wider width and low sinuosity. The penetrated thickness also increases toward the upstream area. These trends affect the oil's flow properties, which is presumed to fill the channel sandstone in the 3D model. Modeling and understanding such horizontal channel variability provide perspectives into the nature and controls on complex architecture patterns of fluvial reservoirs in rift basins.
Improving the Imaging of Pre-Messinian Reservoirs in the East Mediterranean Sea, Offshore Egypt, Using Converted Wave Attenuation, Full-Waveform Inversion and Reflection Tomography
Authors: Abdelqader Mahmoud , Hamama Sameh , Abdelqader Usama , Kanrar Arindam , Zaki Refaat , Eloribi Mahmoud 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe offshore eastern Mediterranean region has received increased international interest in the last decade for its hydrocarbon potential in the pre-salt traps. The presence of a heterogeneous Messinian-age salt layer and complex pre-Messinian structures pose very difficult challenges in seismic imaging. In this paper, we provide a detailed workflow for seismic data preconditioning and imaging which resolves the subsurface challenges of the Mediterranean.Broadband acquisition was used to collect seismic data, which combines the responses of dual-sensor receivers to remove the effect of the receiver ghost. Adaptive source de-ghosting was then applied to address the source-side ghost. Data was processed using robust multiple attenuation and converted wave attenuation (CWA).A high-resolution velocity model building and imaging workflow was designed as follows:Diving waves full-waveform inversion (FWI) to capture detailed velocity for the complex overburden, followed by post-salt reflection tomography. Born modeling-based reflection FWI to update the velocity heterogeneities inside the salt body followed by reflection tomography for the deep section. Reverse time migration (RTM) to handle the waveform multi-pathing.De-ghosting corrected the wavelet phase and expanded the usable frequency bandwidth, resulting in a broadband dataset for imaging. Robust multiple attenuation and converted wave attenuation (CWA) techniques aided in revealing the true geological dips beneath the salt and facilitated picking accurate residual move-outs during the velocity model building. RTM in conjunction with the high-resolution velocity model significantly improved imaging of complex salt structures and pre-salt reservoirs. At well locations, our workflow resulted in a very good match between the available well data and surface seismic in terms of markers depths and velocity trends.This paper presents a novel approach for modelling the velocity heterogeneities inside the complex Messinian-age salt formation using the Born modeling-based reflection FWI. In addition, salt-related strong converted waves were successfully attenuated, whereas previously the presence of this energy misled interpreters and caused anomalous velocity updates in similar geological settings in the Mediterranean.
A Novel Method to Obtain Grain Size Distributions of Intact Rock Samples Using X-Ray Fluorescence Spectra
Authors: Hussain Maaruf , Amao Abduljamiu , Al-Ramadan Khalid , Babalola Lamidi , Kesserwan Hasan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is one of the most preferred method preferent methods for elemental analysis and the recent rapid development in spectroscopy has ushered in new ways to look at data generated by most XRF setups beyond the current conventional usage. We hypothesized that particle size and morphology of rock samples can influence fluorescence spectra acquisition. Such interference if analyzed, can unravel new usage for XRF spectra. In this study, we propose the use of raw XRF spectra data for the determination of grain size by superimposition and multiple spectra-cross plots technique. The other known methods of measuring grain size (GS) depending on whether samples are loose or consolidated, include laser granulometry, sieve, and image analyses. Most of these methods have known limitations in their application on an intact rock. The proposed method is designed to address these individual challenges.