bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Observation of Multi‐Directional Energy Transfer in a Hybrid Plasmonic–Excitonic Nanostructure
Authors: Pincelli Tommaso , Vasileiadis Thomas , Dong Shuo , Beaulieu Samuel , Dendzik Maciej , Zahn Daniela , Lee Sang‐Eun , Seiler Hélène , Qi Yingpeng , Xian R. Patrick , Maklar Julian , Coy Emerson , Mueller Niclas S. , Okamura Yu , Reich Stephanie , Wolf Martin , Rettig Laurenz , Ernstorfer Ralph 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHybrid plasmonic devices involve a nanostructured metal supporting localized surface plasmons to amplify light–matter interaction, and a non‐plasmonic material to functionalize charge excitations. Application‐relevant epitaxial heterostructures, however, give rise to ballistic ultrafast dynamics that challenge the conventional semiclassical understanding of unidirectional nanometal‐to‐substrate energy transfer. Epitaxial Au nanoislands are studied on WSe2 with time‐ and angle‐resolved photoemission spectroscopy and femtosecond electron diffraction: this combination of techniques resolves material, energy, and momentum of charge‐carriers and phonons excited in the heterostructure. A strong non‐linear plasmon–exciton interaction that transfers the energy of sub‐bandgap photons very efficiently to the semiconductor is observed, leaving the metal cold until non‐radiative exciton recombination heats the nanoparticles on hundreds of femtoseconds timescales. The results resolve a multi‐directional energy exchange on timescales shorter than the electronic thermalization of the nanometal. Electron–phonon coupling and diffusive charge‐transfer determine the subsequent energy flow. This complex dynamics opens perspectives for optoelectronic and photocatalytic applications, while providing a constraining experimental testbed for state‐of‐the‐art modelling.
Breaking the Electronic Conductivity Bottleneck of Manganese Oxide Family for High‐Power Fluorinated Graphite Composite Cathode by Ligand‐Field High‐Dimensional Constraining Strategy
Authors: Yu Jia , Wang Da , Wang Guoxin , Cui Yanhua , Shi Siqi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPrimary lithium fluorinated graphite (Li/CFx) batteries with superior energy density are an indispensable energy supply for multiple fields but suffer from sluggish reaction kinetics of the CFx cathode. Designing composite cathodes emerges as a solution to this problem. Despite the optimal composite component for CFx, the manganese oxide family represented by MnO2 is still faced with an intrinsic electronic conductivity bottleneck, which severely limits the power density of the composite cathode. Here, a cation‐induced high‐dimensional constraining strategy from the perspective of ligand‐field stacking structure topological design, which breaks the molecular orbital hybridization of pristine semiconductive oxides to transform them into the high‐conductivity metallic state while competitively maintaining structural stability, is proposed. Through first‐principles phase diagram calculations, mixed‐valent Mn5O8 () is explored as an ideal high‐dimensional constraining material with satisfied conductivity and large‐scale production feasibility. Experiments demonstrate that the as‐proposed CFx @ Mn5O8 composite cathode achieves 2.36 times the power density (11399 W kg−1) of pristine CFx and a higher CFx conversion ratio (86%). Such a high‐dimensional field‐constraining strategy is rooted in the established four‐quadrant electronic structure tuning framework, which fundamentally changes the orbital symmetry under the ligand field to overcome the common conductivity challenge of wide transition metal oxide materials.
A Hybrid Acceptor‐Modulation Strategy: Fluorinated Triple‐Acceptor Architecture for Significant Enhancement of Electron Transport in High‐Performance Unipolar n‐Type Organic Transistors
Authors: Shen Tao , Li Wenhao , Zhao Yan , Wang Yang , Liu Yunqi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe development of unipolar n‐type semiconducting polymers with electron mobility (µe) over 5 cm2 V−1 s−1 remains a massive challenge in organic semiconductors. Diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) has proven to be a successful unit for high‐performance p‐type and ambipolar polymers. However, DPP's moderate electron‐accepting capability leads to the shallow frontier molecular orbital (FMO) levels of the resultant polymers and hence limit the µe in unipolar n‐type organic transistors. Herein, this issue has been addressed by using a hybrid acceptor‐modulation strategy based on DPP‐containing “fluorinated triple‐acceptor architecture”, namely DPP‐difluorobenzothiadiazole‐DPP (DFB). Compared with DFB's non‐fluorinated counterpart, DFB features deeper FMO levels and a shape‐persistent framework. Therefore, a series of DFB‐based polymers demonstrate planar backbones and lowered FMO levels by ≈0.10 to 0.25 eV versus that of the control polymer. Intriguingly, all DFB‐polymers exhibit excellent unipolar n‐type transistor performances. Notably, a full‐locked backbone conformation and high crystallinity with crystalline coherence length of 524 Å are observed for pDFB‐TF, accounting for its high µe of 5.04 cm2 V−1 s−1, which is the highest µe value for DPP‐based unipolar n‐type polymers reported to date. This work demonstrates that the strategy of “fluorinated triple‐acceptor architecture” opens a new path towards high‐performance unipolar n‐type semiconducting polymers.
Unraveling the Broadband Emission in Mixed Tin‐Lead Layered Perovskites
Authors: Fang Hong‐Hua , Tekelenburg Eelco K. , Xue Haibo , Kahmann Simon , Chen Lijun , Adjokatse Sampson , Brocks Geert , Tao Shuxia , Loi Maria Antonietta 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLow‐dimensional halide perovskites with broad emission are a hot topic for their promising application as white light sources. However, the physical origin of this broadband emission in the sub‐bandgap region is still controversial. This work investigates the broad Stokes‐shifted emission bands in mixed lead‐tin 2D perovskite films prepared by mixing precursor solutions of phenethylammonium lead iodide (PEA2PbI4, PEA = phenethylammonium) and phenethylammonium tin iodide (PEA2SnI4). The bandgap can be tuned by the lead‐tin ratio, whereas the photoluminescence is broad and significantly Stokes‐shifted and appears to be fairly insensitive to the relative amount of Pb and Sn. It is experimentally observed that these low‐dimensional systems show substantially less bandgap bowing than their 3D counterpart. Theoretically, this can be attributed to the smaller spin–orbit coupling effect on the 2D perovskites compared to that of 3D ones. The time‐resolved photoluminescence shows an ultrafast decay in the high‐energy range of the spectra that coincides with the emission range of PEA2SnI4, while the broadband emission decay is slower, up to the microsecond range. Sub‐gap photoexcitation experiments exclude exciton self‐trapping as the origin of the broadband emission, pointing to defects as the origin of the broadband emission in 2D Sn/Pb perovskite alloys.
MoS2 Nanosheets Uniformly Anchored on NiMoO4 Nanorods, a Highly Active Hierarchical Nanostructure Catalyst for Oxygen Evolution Reaction and Pseudo‐Capacitors
Authors: Solomon Getachew , Kohan Mojtaba Gilzad , Mazzaro Raffaello , Jugovac Matteo , Moras Paolo , Morandi Vittorio , Concina Isabella , Vomiero Alberto 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHierarchical nanostructures have attracted considerable research attention due to their applications in the catalysis field. Herein, we design a versatile hierarchical nanostructure composed of NiMoO4 nanorods surrounded by active MoS2 nanosheets on an interconnected nickel foam substrate. The as‐prepared nanostructure exhibits excellent oxygen evolution reaction performance, producing a current density of 10 mA cm−2 at an overpotential of 90 mV, in comparison with 220 mV necessary to reach a similar current density for NiMoO4. This behavior originates from the structural/morphological properties of the MoS2 nanosheets, which present numerous surface‐active sites and allow good contact with the electrolyte. Besides, the structures can effectively store charges, due to their unique branched network providing accessible active surface area, which facilitates intermediates adsorptions. Particularly, NiMoO4/MoS2 shows a charge capacity of 358 mAhg−1 at a current of 0.5 A g−1 (230 mAhg−1 for NiMoO4), thus suggesting promising applications for charge‐storing devices.
Critical Review on Internal and External Battery Thermal Management Systems for Fast Charging Applications
Authors: Thakur Amrit Kumar , Ahmed Mohammad Shamsuddin , Kang Hyokyeong , Prabakaran Rajendran , Said Zafar , Rahman Saidur , Sathyamurthy Ravishankar , Kim Jaekook , Hwang Jang‐Yeon 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCarbon‐free and safe power solutions, such as fast charging batteries for mid‐to‐large applications, are viable alternatives to address ever‐increasing energy demand while reducing environmental pollution. However, the self‐generated heat produced during the charge/discharge process severely hampers the performance, stability, and safety of fast charging batteries. Thus, a suitable working temperature range must be maintained to maximize efficiency. Well‐designed battery thermal management systems (BTMSs) can provide an appropriate temperature environment for maximizing battery performance with superior stability and safety. The objective of this study is to present a clear and detailed discussion on this ability of BTMSs, battery materials, and the effects of temperature on battery performance during rapid charging. Furthermore, battery modeling methods are highlighted, and the existing BTMSs are comprehensively reviewed and categorized according to their components and preparation processes. Additionally, the methods of cooling such systems based on phase change materials (PCMs), heat pipes, and thermoelectric elements, are explored. In addition, BTMSs based on air, liquids, and PCMs that undergo solid–liquid, liquid–gas, and solid–gas transitions are also discussed.
A Core@Dual–Shell Nanostructured SnO2to Modulate the Buried Interfaces Toward Stable Perovskite Solar Cells With Minimized Energy Losses
Authors: Wei Kun , Deng Jidong , Yang Li , Zhang Cuiping , Huang Minyi , Cai Xuanyi , Zhang Xiaoli , Zhang Jinbao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractInvestigation and optimization of the buried interfaces are crucial for further improving the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this work, a general route to modify the interfaces of electron conductor is strategically developed via introducing a well‐designed core@dual–shell structure based on SnO2nanoparticles grafted by potassium thiocyanate (KSCN) and polyethylene oxide (PEO). This graded bimolecular strategy is desired as it efficiently decouples the processes of defect healing and crystallization engineering. Synergistic effects of KSCN and PEO lead to superior structural uniformity at the buried interfaces, enhanced charge collection, as well as the suppressed carrier recombination. Consequently, a significant increase of efficiency from 20.0% to 23.01% is achieved, accompanied by a remarkable open‐circuit voltage of 1.19 V and extremely low energy losses down to 0.4 eV. Moreover, this interfacial configuration enables the unencapsulated devices to have greatly improved performance longevity by retaining 87% of initial power after 5112 h storage in air, as well as strong mechanical endurance by maintaining over 80% of initial efficiency after 4700 bending cycles at a curvature radius of 5 mm for flexible devices. This work offers an effective and generally applicable approach for engineering the nanostructured interface to realize stable and efficient PSCs.
Perspectives on the future of dysmorphology
Authors: Solomon Benjamin D. , Adam Margaret P. , Fong Chin‐To , Girisha Katta M. , Hall Judith G. , Hurst Anna C. E. , Krawitz Peter M. , Moosa Shahida , Phadke Shubha R. , Tekendo‐Ngongang Cedrik , Wenger Tara L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe field of clinical genetics and genomics continues to evolve. In the past few decades, milestones like the initial sequencing of the human genome, dramatic changes in sequencing technologies, and the introduction of artificial intelligence, have upended the field and offered fascinating new insights. Though difficult to predict the precise paths the field will follow, rapid change may continue to be inevitable. Within genetics, the practice of dysmorphology, as defined by pioneering geneticist David W. Smith in the 1960s as “the study of, or general subject of abnormal development of tissue form” has also been affected by technological advances as well as more general trends in biomedicine. To address possibilities, potential, and perils regarding the future of dysmorphology, a group of clinical geneticists, representing different career stages, areas of focus, and geographic regions, have contributed to this piece by providing insights about how the practice of dysmorphology will develop over the next several decades.
Neuropsychological features in RASopathies: A pilot study on parent training program involving families of children with Noonan syndrome
Authors: Montanaro Federica Alice Maria , Alfieri Paolo , Caciolo Cristina , Cumbo Francesca , Piga Simone , Tartaglia Marco , Licchelli Serena , Digilio Maria Cristina , Vicari Stefano 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNoonan syndrome (NS) is a clinical variable multisystem disorder caused by mutations in genes encoding proteins involved in the RAS/mitogen‐activated protein kinase signaling pathway. NS is characterized by a distinctive facies, short stature, and congenital heart defects. Psychomotor delay, learning difficulties, and social deficits are also common. Furthermore, behavioral and attention problems can be reckoned as a key symptom in NS, with functioning resembling the patterns observed in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The complex behavioral phenotype has great impact on the quality of life and raises demanding management issues also for patients' families. Parent management training (PMT) is recommended as first‐line treatment for ADHD; however, no study has been performed to test the efficacy of PMT in NS, thus far. The aim of this pilot study is the implementation and evaluation of a PMT dedicated to NS families. Parents of seven children with NS were recruited and underwent to a 10‐session PMT. Three different questionnaires were administered to both parents: Conners Parent Rating Scales, Parenting Stress Index Short Form (PSI‐SF), and Alabama Parenting Questionnaire (APQ). Our findings on this first small cohort of families indicate that positive perception and satisfaction about the child and the interaction with him increased in mothers after the intervention, as measured respectively by PSI‐SF difficult child (DC) and PSI‐SF parent–child dysfunctional interaction (PCDI), while mothers' level of stress decreased after the PMT, as indicated by PSI‐SF total scores. Furthermore, APQ positive parenting, which measures behaviors of positive relationship with the child, increased in mothers after the intervention. Statistical analysis on fathers' questionnaires did not show significant differences after the PMT sessions. This pilot study suggests that PMT is a promising intervention for parents of NS children with behavioral and ADHD symptoms. Changes in mothers' attitudes and distress indicate that behaviorally oriented programs may help parents to manage with NS phenotype.
Controlled Self‐assembly of Gold(I) Complexes by Multiple Kinetic Aggregation States with Nonlinear Optical and Waveguide Properties
Authors: Li Zongshang , Xiao Ke , Wan Qingyun , Tang Rui , Low Kam‐Hung , Cui Xiaodong , Che Chi‐Ming 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroduction of multiple kinetic aggregation states (Aggs) into the self‐assembly pathway could bring complexity and flexibility to the self‐assemblies, which is difficult to realize due to the delicate equilibria established among different Aggs bonded by weak noncovalent interactions. Here, we describe a series of chiral and achiral d10 AuI bis(N‐heterocyclic carbene, NHC) complexes, and the achiral complex could undergo self‐assembly with multiple kinetic Aggs. Generation of multiple kinetic Aggs was realized by applying chiral or achiral seeds exhibiting large differences in elongation temperatures for their respective cooperative self‐assembly processes. We further showed that the chiral AuI self‐assemblies having non‐centrosymmetric packing forms exhibit nonlinear optical response of second harmonic generation (SHG), while the SHG signal is absent in the achiral analogue. The crystalline achiral AuI self‐assemblies could function as optical waveguides with strong emission polarization.
From dithiocarbamates to branched dithiocarbazates: Compounds with potent antischistosomal activity
Authors: Gallinger Tom L. , Obermann Wiebke , Lange‐Grünweller Kerstin , Schmidt Nina , Haeberlein Simone , Grünweller Arnold , Grevelding Christoph G. , Schlitzer Martin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSchistosomiasis or bilharzia is caused by blood flukes of the genus Schistosoma and represents a considerable health and economic burden in tropical and subtropical regions. The treatment of this infectious disease relies on one single drug: praziquantel (PZQ). Therefore, new and potent antischistosomal compounds need to be developed. In our previous work, starting with the drug disulfiram, we developed dithiocarbamates with in vitro antischistosomal activities in the low micromolar range. Based on these results, we report in this study on the synthesis and biological testing of the structurally related dithiocarbazates against Schistosoma mansoni, one of the major species of schistosomes. In total, three series of dithiocarbazate derivatives were examined, and we found that the antischistosomal activity of N‐unbranched dithiocarbazates increased by further N‐substitution. Comparable tetra‐substituted dithiocarbazates were rarely described in the literature, thus a synthesis route was established. Due to the elaborate synthesis, the branched dithiocarbazates (containing an N‐aminopiperazine) were simplified, but the resulting branched dithiocarbamates (containing a 4‐aminopiperidine) were considerably less active. Taken together, dithiocarbazate‐containing compounds with an in vitro antischistosomal activity of 5 µM were obtained.
Modification of α‐Tocopherol Succinate with a Tumor‐targeting Peptide Conjugate Enhances the Antitumor Efficacy of a Paclitaxel‐loaded Lipid Aggregate
Authors: Mondal Sujan Kumar , Jinka Sudhakar , Shankar Gajji , Srinivas Ragampeta , Banerjee Rajkumar 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPaclitaxel (PTX) is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent in the clinic. However, its clinical benefit is limited due to its low water solubility, off‐target toxicity, and for being a multidrug‐resistant (MDR) substrate. To overcome these limitations in this study, a tumor‐targeting peptide (CRGDK peptide, a ligand for NRP‐1 receptor) conjugate of α‐tocopheryl succinate (α‐TOS) was synthesized and modified on PTX‐loaded lipid aggregate (TL‐PTX) to leverage the benefits of α‐TOS, which include a) anti‐cancer activity, b) increased PTX loading, and c) inhibition of MDR activity. Use of peptide conjugate of α‐TOS (α‐TOS‐CRGDK) in lipid aggregate increased PTX entrapment efficiency by 20%, helped in NRP‐1 specific cellular uptake and significantly enhanced apoptotic and cell killing activity (p <0.01) of PTX compared to control formulation (CL‐PTX) by inhibiting MDR‐activity in melanoma resulting in ∼70% increment in overall survival of melanoma tumor‐bearing mice. In conclusion, CRGDK‐ α‐TOS conjugate in association with PTX‐loaded liposome provided a unique NRP‐1 targeted, drug‐resistant reversing anticancer regimen for treating aggressive melanoma.
Measurement effects in decision‐making
Authors: Burns Devin M. , Hohnemann Charlotte 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWhen participants are shown a series of stimuli, their responses differ depending on whether they respond after each stimulus or only at the end of the series, in what we call a measurement effect. These effects have received paltry attention compared with more well‐known order effects and pose a unique challenge to theories of decision‐making. In a series of two preregistered experiments, we consistently find measurement effects such that responding to a stimulus reduces its impact on later stimuli. While previous research has found such effects in noncumulative tasks, where participants are instructed only to respond to the most recent stimulus, this may be the first demonstration of these effects when participants are asked to combine information across either two or four stimuli. We present modeling results showing that although several extant classical and quantum models fail to predict the direction of these effects, new versions can be created that can do so. Ways in which these effects can be described using either quantum or classical models are discussed, as well as potential connections with other well‐known phenomena like the dilution effect.
New prognostic system based on inflammation and liver function predicts prognosis in patients with advanced unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab: A validation study
Authors: Tada Toshifumi , Kumada Takashi , Hiraoka Atsushi , Kariyama Kazuya , Tani Joji , Hirooka Masashi , Takaguchi Koichi , Atsukawa Masanori , Fukunishi Shinya , Itobayashi Ei , Tsuji Kunihiko , Tajiri Kazuto , Ochi Hironori , Ishikawa Toru , Yasuda Satoshi , Ogawa Chikara , Toyoda Hidenori , Hatanaka Takeshi , Nishimura Takashi , Kakizaki Satoru , Kawata Kazuhito , Shimada Noritomo , Tada Fujimasa , Nouso Kazuhiro , Tsutsui Akemi , Ohama Hideko , Morishita Asahiro , Nagano Takuya , Itokawa Norio , Okubo Tomomi , Arai Taeang , Kosaka Hisashi , Imai Michitaka , Naganuma Atsushi , Nakamura Shinichiro , Koizumi Yohei , Kaibori Masaki , Iijima Hiroko , Hiasa Yoichi ,   the Real‐life Practice Experts for HCC (RELPEC) Study Group and the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Experts from 48 clinics in Japan (HCC 48) Group
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimRecently, the neo‐Glasgow prognostic score (GPS), a composite biomarker determined by the C‐reactive protein level and albumin–bilirubin grade, was developed to predict outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who undergo hepatic resection. The present research investigated whether the neo‐GPS could predict prognosis in HCC patients treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (Atez/Bev).MethodsA total of 421 patients with HCC who were treated with Atez/Bev were investigated.ResultsMultivariate Cox hazards analysis showed that a GPS of 1 (hazard ratio (HR), 1.711; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.106–2.646) and a GPS of 2 (HR, 4.643; 95% CI, 2.778–7.762) were independently associated with overall survival. Conversely, multivariate Cox hazards analysis showed that a neo‐GPS of 1 (HR, 3.038; 95% CI, 1.715–5.383) and a neo‐GPS of 2 (HR, 5.312; 95% CI, 2.853–9.890) were also independently associated with overall survival in this cohort. Additionally, cumulative overall survival rates differed significantly by GPS and neo‐GPS (p < 0.001). The neo‐GPS, compared with the GPS, had a lower Akaike information criterion (1207 vs. 1,211, respectively) and a higher c‐index (0.677 vs. 0.652, respectively) regarding to overall survival. In a subgroup analysis of patients considered to have a good prognosis as confirmed using a Child–Pugh score of 5 (p = 0.001), a neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio <3 (p = 0.001), or an α‐fetoprotein level < 100 ng/mL (p < 0.001), those with a high neo‐GPS (≥1) had a statistically poorer overall survival than those with a low neo‐GPS.ConclusionsThe neo‐GPS can predict prognosis in advanced unresectable HCC patients treated with Atez/Bev.