bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of critical Y‐leaf potassium concentrations in pure‐line and hybrid rice
Authors: Gruener Chandler E. , Drescher Gerson L. , Slaton Nathan A. , Roberts Trenton L. , Gbur Edward E. , Hardke Jarrod T. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPotassium (K) deficiency symptoms of rice (Oryza sativa L.) are difficult to visually diagnose during reproductive growth. Critical tissue–K concentrations may change across time and within cultivars. Our goal was to evaluate rice yield response to K fertilization and define continuous critical Y‐leaf–K concentrations (YLKC) for the production of ≥95% relative yield in pure‐line and hybrid rice. Ten Y‐leaves (uppermost leaf with a fully developed collar) were collected weekly during rice reproductive growth from selected fertilizer‐K rates (0–150 kg K ha–1) in 13 trials with variable soil‐test K (32–164 mg kg–1). Trials were seeded either with a pure‐line (8) or hybrid (5) cultivar. Significant yield increases from K fertilization occurred in 38% of the trials. Pure‐line cultivars were responsive to K fertilization and rice without fertilizer‐K produced 66–90% of maximum yield produced by fertilized treatments (8,506–11,153 kg ha–1). Hybrid rice receiving no fertilizer‐K produced 96–99% of maximum yield (9,067–12,572 kg ha–1) regardless of soil‐test K. The YLKC increased with increasing fertilizer‐K rate and declined across time for K‐sufficient rice or remained relatively constant across time for rice marginally sufficient or deficient in K. Rice YLKC above 16.0 g K kg–1 between R1 and R2 maximizes pure‐line cultivars yield production. The critical YLKC declined to about 13.0 g K kg–1 between R2 and R3 but was less accurate for diagnosing K deficiency than samples collected before R2. The YLKC can be used to assess pure‐line cultivars’ K nutritional status between the R1 and R2 stages.
Economic returns from three‐year crop rotations under low precipitation in Pacific Northwest
Authors: Long Dan S. , Barroso Judit , Painter Kathleen M. , Reardon Catherine L. , Williams John D. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSome producers in the inland Pacific Northwest (PNW) are interested in diversifying the traditional 2‐yr sequence of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (WW)–summer fallow (SF) with oilseed crops to capture break crop effects. The objective of this study was to compare production costs and economic returns of 2‐yr sequences with those of intensified 3‐yr sequences at a low‐precipitation (<300 mm) site where the long‐term rotation has been WW‐SF. A 5‐year (2014–2018) cropping sequence study was conducted that included summer fallow with intensive tillage (SF) and reduced tillage (RTF) in 2‐yr rotations with WW; and RTF in 3‐yr rotations with WW, winter canola (WN; Brassica napus L.), or spring carinata (SC; Brassica carinata A. Braun) as a primary crop and spring wheat (SW), spring barley (SB; Hordeum vulgare L.), or SC as a secondary crop. Reduced tillage fallow increased WW yields by 14% compared with SF. Production of WN and SC in WN‐SW‐RTF and SC‐SW‐RTF, expressed by equivalent WW yield, was 42%, and 35% of WW in WW‐RTF vs. 67% needed to compensate for 1/3 less cropping with WW. Production of SC in WW‐SC‐RTF was 21% of WW in WW‐RTF vs. 33% needed to compensate. Mean net returns over total costs were negative with WW‐RTF least unprofitable at −US$162 ha−1 followed by WW‐SB‐RTF at −$167 ha−1, WW‐SF at −$180 ha−1, WW‐SC‐RTF at −$191 ha−1, SC‐SW‐RTF at −$205 ha−1, and WN‐SW‐RTF at −$229 ha−1. Including oilseeds in 3‐yr rotations with WW and fallow apparently may be less profitable than WW in 2‐yr rotations with fallow.
Crystal‐size–dependent external surface diffusion barriers in Pt/ZSM‐5 catalyzed n‐pentane isomerization
Authors: Hu Shen , Chen Jiaxuan , Zhang Qunfeng , Liu Junru , Meng Jinlin , Ye Guanghua , Zhou Xinggui , Yuan Weikang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSurface barriers persist in the molecular transport across external crystal surface of zeolites, which brings strong influences on zeolite catalysis. This study probes the role of crystal‐size–dependent surface barriers in zeolite catalysis, with n‐pentane isomerization catalyzed by Pt/ZSM‐5 as a model reaction system. Chemical liquid deposition of SiO2 is performed to reduce surface barriers on ZSM‐5 crystals with different sizes. After SiO2 deposition, surface barriers on both small (266 nm) and large (1304 nm) crystals are significantly reduced, while the improvement in catalytic activity for the large crystals (76.1%–129.1%) is much higher than that for the small ones (−17.4% to 16.7%). For the large ZSM‐5 crystals, diffusion limitation is stronger, and thus the effect of surface barriers on catalytic activity is more important. This study reveals the unique role of crystal‐size–dependent surface barriers in zeolite catalysis, and understanding this is important for the optimal design of zeolite catalysts.
Microsecond Backbone Motions Modulate the Oligomerization of the DNAJB6 Chaperone
Authors: Cawood Emma E. , Clore G. Marius , Karamanos Theodoros K. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDNAJB6 is a prime example of an anti‐aggregation chaperone that functions as an oligomer. DNAJB6 oligomers are dynamic and subunit exchange is critical for inhibiting client protein aggregation. The T193A mutation in the C‐terminal domain (CTD) of DNAJB6 reduces both chaperone self‐oligomerization and anti‐aggregation of client proteins, and has recently been linked to Parkinson's disease. Here, we show by NMR, including relaxation‐based methods, that the T193A mutation has minimal effects on the structure of the β‐stranded CTD but increases the population and rate of formation of a partially folded state. The results can be rationalized in terms of β‐strand peptide plane flips that occur on a timescale of ≈100 μs and lead to global changes in the overall pleat/flatness of the CTD, thereby altering its ability to oligomerize. These findings help forge a link between chaperone dynamics, oligomerization and anti‐aggregation activity which may possibly lead to new therapeutic avenues tuned to target specific substrates.
Metal‐free, Phosphoric Acid‐catalyzed Regioselective 1,6‐Hydroarylation of para‐Quinone Methides with Indoles in Water
Authors: Xiong Biquan , Si Lulu , Liu Yu , Xu Weifeng , Jiang Tao , Cao Fan , Tang Ke‐Wen , Wong Wai‐Yeung 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAn efficient, cheap and green protocol for the highly regioselective 1,6‐hydroarylation of para‐quinone methides (p‐QMs) with indoles at the C‐3 position has been established by phosphoric acid catalysis in water under transition‐metal‐free reaction conditions. A wide range of indole derivatives and para‐quinone methides (p‐QMs) are compatible for the reaction, affording the corresponding 1,6‐hydroarylation products with good to excellent yields. The possible mechanism of the reaction has been explored through step‐by‐step control experiments. The protocol is convenient for practical applications, leading to a safe, green and feasible way for the formation of C‐3 diarylmethyl functionalized indole derivatives.
Maternal hereditary hemolytic anemia and birth defects in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Authors: Papadopoulos Eleni A. , Fisher Sarah C. , Howley Meredith M. , Browne Marilyn L. ,   National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivesHereditary hemolytic anemia (HHA) results from genetic mutations that cause red blood cell abnormalities. Little research exists on the relationship between HHA and birth defects. Using data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS), we described characteristics of HHA‐exposed women and estimated associations between HHA during pregnancy and specific birth defects.MethodsThe NBDPS was a population‐based, case–control study of major birth defects and included pregnancies with estimated delivery dates from October 1997 through December 2011. Participants were ascertained from hospital discharge lists or birth defect registries at 10 sites. Trained interviewers collected information about pregnancy exposures via telephone questionnaire. We described characteristics among HHA‐exposed women and calculated crude odds ratios and exact 95% confidence intervals for defects with ≥3 exposed cases.ResultsAmong 31 HHA‐exposed women (28 cases/3 controls), 13 (42%) reported sickle cell anemia, 17 (55%) reported thalassemia, and one (3%) reported hereditary spherocytosis. The average age at delivery for HHA‐exposed case women was 27.3 years (range: 17–38). The majority (82%) of HHA‐exposed case women reported additional conditions during pregnancy, including hypertension, genitourinary infections, and respiratory illnesses. Additionally, 93% of case women reported using medication during pregnancy. Among the 28 cases, 18 (64%) had isolated birth defects. The defects with ≥3 exposed cases were anencephaly, atrial septal defect, gastroschisis, and cleft palate. Except for anencephaly, the 95% confidence intervals for all estimates were close to or included the null.ConclusionThis hypothesis‐generating study adds to the sparse literature on the association between HHA and birth defects.
A novel signature based on immune‐related gene pairs and clinical features to predict prognosis and treatment effect in “driver gene negative” lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Cai He‐yuan , Yang Hao‐shuai , Shan Shi‐chao , Lei Yi‐yan , Zou Jian‐yong , Zhu Ying , Luo Hong‐he 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveExamining the role of immune‐related genes (IRGs) in “driver gene negative” lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) may provide new ideas for the treatment and study for this LUAD subgroup. We aimed to find the hub immune‐related gene pairs can stratify the risk of “driver‐gene‐negative” LUAD.Materials and MethodsIRGs were identified according to ImmPort database based on RNA sequencing results of tumors and normal tissues from 46 patients with “driver gene negative” LUAD at The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University and cyclically singly paired as immune‐related gene pairs (IRGPs). Multivariate Cox analysis was used to construct an immune risk model and a prognostic nomogram combining was also been developed. Immune microenvironment landscape described by CIBERSORT and drug sensitivity calculated by pRRophetic algorithm were used to explore possible treatment improvements.ResultsA novel immune risk model with 5‐IRGPs (CD1A|CXCL135, CD1A|S100A7L2, IFNA7|CMTM2, IFNA7|CSF3, CAMP|TFR2) can accurately distinguish patients in the high‐ and low‐risk groups. Risk score act as an independent prognostic factor and is related to clinical stage. There are significant differences in tumor immune microenvironment and PD‐1/PD‐L1/CTLA‐4 expression between groups. The low‐risk patient may benefit more from the commonly used chemotherapy regimens such as gemcitabine and paclitaxel.ConclusionThis study constructed 5‐IRGPs as a reliable prognostic tool and may represent genes pairs that are potential rationale for choice of treatment for “driver gene negative” LUAD.
Therapist attitudes and countertransference as predictors of professional quality of life and burnout among psychotherapists
Authors: Houshangi Homa , Khanipour Hamid , Farahani Mohammad Naghy 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to examine the role of attitudes towards psychotherapy and countertransference dimensions as predictors of professional quality of life and burnout among psychotherapists in Iran. Participants were 259 psychotherapists who worked in mental health centres in Tehran (Iran), and they completed the Professional Quality of Life questionnaire, the Therapist Response Questionnaire and the Therapist Attitudes Scale. Professional quality of life was associated with countertransference dimensions and attitude towards psychotherapy. This study concludes that psychotherapists can benefit from working on their specific countertransference issues and re‐evaluating their basic attitudes towards psychotherapy to achieve the highest levels of professional satisfaction. Culture may play a role in a specific therapist's attitude and difficulties in addressing certain aspects of countertransference.
A Phase 1, Open‐Label Study to Evaluate the Effect of Food and Concomitant Itraconazole Administration on the Pharmacokinetics of AMG 986 in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Trivedi Ashit , Mather Omar , Vega Silvia , Hutton Shauna , Hellawell Jennifer , Lee Edward 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis phase 1, open‐label study evaluated the effect of food and administration of the cytochrome P450 3A4 and P‐glycoprotein inhibitor itraconazole (ITZ) on the pharmacokinetics of AMG 986. In cohort 1, 12 healthy subjects received a single oral dose of AMG 986 200 mg ± food on days 1 and 10. In cohort 2, 15 healthy subjects received oral ITZ 200 mg once daily on days 8 to 15 and a single oral dose of AMG 986 10 mg on days 1 and 11. The geometric least squares mean ratios of fed/fasted for AMG 986 maximum observed concentration (Cmax) and area under the plasma concentration–time curve from time 0 to infinity (AUCinf) were 0.76 (90%CI, 0.61‐0.95) and 1.07 (90%CI, 0.94‐1.22), respectively. The geometric least squares mean ratios of AMG 986 10 mg plus ITZ 200 mg/AMG 986 10 mg alone for AMG 986 Cmax and AUCinf were 1.36 (90%CI, 1.25‐1.48) and 5.13 (90%CI, 4.71‐5.59), respectively. Overall, 3 subjects experienced mild treatment‐related adverse events; there were no serious or fatal adverse events. In conclusion, food had no apparent effect on the exposure of AMG 986 200 mg; therefore, food restrictions are not required. Potent cytochrome P450 3A4 and/or P‐glycoprotein inhibitors may warrant AMG 986 dose reduction and should be coadministered with caution in patients with heart failure treated with AMG 986.
Reconsidering the formation of dust void in axial magnetic field
Authors: Wang Yunfan , Sun Pingyuan , Yu Yongjun , Chen Zhaoyang , Huang Feng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe propose a nonlinear fluid model to describe the dust void formation in a magnetic field environment. It is found that the radius of the dust void keeps decreasing as the intensity of the magnetic field increases. Further research shows that the circular motion of ions affects the balance of electric field force and ion‐drag force, which is the main reason for the change of dust voids. The Lorentz force of grains theoretically tends to increase the radius of the dust void, but the force is so small that it can be ignored.
The number of circulating CD26 expressing cells is decreased in critical COVID‐19 illness
Authors: deKay Joanne T. , May Teresa L. , Riker Richard R. , Rud Jonathan , Gagnon David J. , Sawyer Douglas B. , Seder David B. , Ryzhov Sergey 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe evaluated the number of CD26 expressing cells in peripheral blood of patients with COVID‐19 within 72 h of admission and on day 4 and day 7 after enrollment. The majority of CD26 expressing cells were presented by CD3+CD4+ lymphocytes. A low number of CD26 expressing cells were found to be associated with critical‐severity COVID‐19 disease. Conversely, increasing numbers of CD26 expressing T cells over the first week of standard treatment was associated with good outcomes. Clinically, the number of circulating CD26 cells might be a marker of recovery or the therapeutic efficacy of anti‐COVID‐19 treatment. New therapies aimed at preserving and increasing the level of CD26 expressing T cells may prove useful in the treatment of COVID‐19 disease.
GAs with escape from stagnation of search for multiset iteration permutations problem – consecutive meals planning
Authors: Kashima Tomoko , Orito Yukiko , Someya Hiroshi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this paper, consecutive meals planning is formulated as a multiset iteration permutation problem that determines the optimal meals plan on a period consisting of consecutive days. In this problem, a meal is characterized by some characteristics such as food style, ingredient, cooking method, and so on. The evaluation function is defined by use of information entropy for measuring the appearance order of meal's characteristics on the meals plan. For optimizing this problem, Genetic Algorithms (GAs) with escape from stagnation of search are proposed. It is empirically shown that the proposed GAs with escape operation work better than the conventional permutation GA without escape operation for small and large size optimization problems.
A proposal of eye glance input interface using smartphone built‐in camera
Authors: Saiga Yu , Mizuno Tota , Matsumoto Yu , Mito Kazuyuki , Itakura Naoaki 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to develop a line‐of‐sight input interface using the eye‐glance input method, which uses a glance eye movement and method of estimating the eye‐control movement by analyzing the image of the area near the eye‐ball. The motion was discriminated by taking an image using the built‐in camera of a smartphone to rapidly look at the four corners of the smartphone and calculate the moving distance of the eyeball, which was divided into horizontal and vertical components using the optical flow function in Open CV library. In the experiment, we obtained data by asking the subjects to look at the reciprocate of quick gaze movements at each of the four corners and the center of the screen. As a result of data analysis, characteristics of waveforms were obtained for the movements looking at the four corners, and we could determine which of the four corners the users were looking at. Furthermore, by distinguishing between camera shake and line‐of‐sight movement using the variance value, the discrimination rate was 90% or more even when held in the hand. It was shown that the Eye Glance movement can be measured with a smartphone as well as a PC.
Fire test of metal sandwich plates during a window spill fire
Authors: Zhou Ru , Yu Zhenjiang , Chen Zhihao , Qian Jianan , Jiang Juncheng 
Published: March 2022

SummaryTo study the melting characteristics and fire spreading behavior of metal sandwich plates during the fire spill plume, a small experimental platform was built according to NFPA285 and ISO 13785‐2 test standards. The results showed that the fire behavior is driven by the exposure of the core material, and this happens by routing of the panels, deformation due to heat exposure or melting of the core. The fire risk of the façade of the metal sandwich plate with different splicing models was evaluated. It was found that when there was no splicing gap in the midline of the fire source during a window spill fire, the peak temperature above the window was the lowest. In the façade system, the width of the metal sandwich plate and the maximum temperature showed an inverse linear relationship. When the height of the plate decreased, the heating rate of the plate above the window increased. The fire spread in the façade system was accompanied by a change in the sandwich panel size, and the corresponding dimensionless expression was obtained.
Comprehensive evaluation of Luzhou‐flavor liquor quality based on fuzzy mathematics and principal component analysis
Authors: Liu Yanbo , Qiao Zhangning , Zhao Zhijun , Wang Xian , Sun Xiyu , Han Suna , Pan Chunmei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCurrently, the primary method of identifying high‐ and low‐quality liquors is sensory tasting, which is prone to uncertainty caused by the biases of tasters. To address this problem, this study used color, aroma, taste, and style as four factors affecting the sensory quality of Luzhou‐flavor liquor; determined the weights of each factor; and quantitatively evaluated the sensory quality of five different Luzhou flavor liquor using fuzzy mathematical methods. The volatile aromatic substances in the liquor samples were detected by GC‐MS, and analyzed using principal component analysis. The results obtained from fuzzy mathematics and principal component analysis indicated that the comprehensive evaluation system was scientifically sound and reasonably constructed.
Consumer acceptance and preference for brown rice—A mixed‐method qualitative study from Nepal
Authors: Gyawali Pratiksha , Tamrakar Dipesh , Shrestha Abha , Shrestha Himal , Karmacharya Sanju , Bhattarai Sanju , Bhandari Niroj , Malik Vasanti , Mattei Josiemer , Spiegelman Donna , Shrestha Archana 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundBrown rice consumption reduces the risk of diabetes. The prevalence of diabetes is increasing in Nepal; however, dietary preference remains for white rice. This study aimed to understand the perception, enablers, barriers, and facilitators of acceptance brown rice at a worksite cafeteria.MethodsWe conducted a mixed‐method qualitative research among 42 employees of a hospital in central Nepal. The participants tasted and rated the qualities of five different combinations of brown and white rice on a hedonic scale. We conducted eight focus group discussions (FGDs)—four before and four after tasting rice combinations. FGDs were recorded, transcribed, and coded verbatim and analyzed manually using inductive–deductive thematic method.ResultsBefore tasting, the participants perceived brown rice as poor in quality. After tasting, the participants found that brown rice had better quality and were willing to switch gradually starting with a 25B ratio. Eighty‐three percent of participants liked a combination of 25B. Major barriers were poor perception of its quality, tradition, unavailability, lack of awareness of health benefits, and high price. Major facilitators were availability, self and family awareness about the health benefits, knowledge, the brown rice cooking process, serving with side dishes, prior tasting, and gradual substitution of brown rice.ConclusionWe found that brown rice should be promoted stepwise, first as a mixture with white rice and gradually increasing the proportion of brown rice. Brown rice acceptance can be increased by improved knowledge of its nutrition and health benefits, increasing availability, and affordability.
Changes in awareness of condition in people with mild‐to‐moderate dementia: Longitudinal findings from the IDEAL cohort
Authors: Alexander Catherine M. , Martyr Anthony , Clare Linda ,   in collaboration with the IDEAL Programme Research Team
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivesAwareness of difficulties shown by people with dementia is known to vary, but few studies have explored changes in awareness over time. Investigating this could further the understanding of surrounding concepts and reasons for impaired awareness. Recognising emerging or diminishing awareness could facilitate discussions about diagnosis and appropriate post‐diagnostic support.MethodsUsing longitudinal data from the Improving the experience of Dementia and Enhancing Active Life (IDEAL) cohort, awareness in community‐dwelling people with mild‐to‐moderate dementia was assessed at three timepoints over 2 years. A validated checklist was used to evaluate awareness of difficulties associated with dementia. We examined changes in awareness for people with low awareness at baseline, and used case‐matching to describe differences in characteristics between people who gained awareness, and those who continued with low awareness.ResultsAt baseline, 83 people from a sample of 917 showed low awareness. The majority of those remaining in the study at later timepoints had gained awareness, some as late as four or more years after diagnosis. Case‐matched comparisons revealed few distinguishing characteristics: cases with stable low awareness had similar or better cognitive and functional ability than those who gained and retained awareness at 12 and 24 months, but may have had more co‐morbidities.ConclusionsSelf‐reported awareness of difficulties can change and may increase over time in people with mild‐to‐moderate dementia. There may be individual reasons for ongoing low awareness, not explained by cognitive or functional ability. This challenges the view that a single record of low awareness represents a fixed disease‐related symptom, and highlights the complex, individual and dynamic nature of awareness.