bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experiences of Medical Residents and Faculty Members on Adhering to Professional Commitments and Training during Covid Pandemic: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Taltamoor F , Javdani H , Allami A 
Published: June 2022

Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic era, adhering to professional commitments can be a major challenge. This study aims to document the experiences of medical residents and faculty members on the challenges of adhering to professional commitments during the COVID-19 pandemia and its impacts on clinical education.
Methods: This qualitative study (using a descriptive phenomenology and purposive sampling method) was conducted in 2020, comprising 14 participants (faculty members and infectious diseases residents of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences) to share their experiences on the challenges of strict adherence to professional behavior. Data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews. The transcribed interviews were analyzed based on the Colaizzi approach.
Result: Ninety extracted primary codes are classified to two main areas: problems in adherence to professional commitments and the impact of COVID-19 pandemia on educational and research activities mandatory for professionalism. In the first area, the three main themes includes reducing effective patient-physician communication, non-maleficence and violating justice, and the second, two main themes includes a rise in non-professional behavior when dealing with patients (cutting down the quantity and quality of training, reducing supervision and decreased clinical engagement with patients) and a rise in non-professional behaviors in the research area.
Conclusion: The most important problem negatively affecting professional commitments during corona epidemy is role overload and the deterioration of physician-patient relationship. Due to the influence of role modeling on student professional behavior, it is helpful to include the training of related skills that can reduce the incidence of these problems in the clinical settings.
Analysis of the efficiency and cost of a care bundle for prevention of common infections in an intensive care unit: A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design study
Authors: YAZICI Gülay , BULUT Hülya , BAYRAK KAHRAMAN Burcu , PALTEKİ Tunçay 
Published: June 2022

Objective
Healthcare-associated infections, threaten patient safety, cause prolonged hospitalization, morbidity, mortality and increased costs. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions to prevent healthcare-associated infections and the effect of these interventions on cost.
Methods
A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design study was completed between 1 January and 30 June 2018, and 1 October 2018 and 31 March 2019, in an intensive care unit, with a total of 54 patients, 27 pre-training and 27 post-training.
Results
In the study, infection rates were 20.34 in January to March 2018, 25.7 in April to June 2018, 20.97 in October to December 2018 and 17.77 in January to March 2019. When the infection rates of the four different periods were compared, it was found that there was a decrease compared to the pre-training period but that this decrease was not statistically significant (p>0.05). The average cost before the training was 11361.35₺ and the average cost after the training was 9149.87₺. Average bed costs, which are the most important of all costs, decreased by 25.7% compared to pre-training at the 95% confidence interval (5241.86₺-13251.50₺ and 3489.03₺-10257.41₺, respectively).
Conclusion
In conclusion, the study determined that training provided a significant increase in the intensive care nurses’ scores related to healthcare-associated infections and there were decreases in healthcare-associated infection rates, lengths of hospital stay and cost after the training although these were not statistically significant.
Ubezpieczenia na życie z UFK – analiza efektywności inwestycji
Authors: Borys Marcin , Stępińska Joanna 
Published: June 2022

Produkty ubezpieczeniowe z UFK funkcjonują w Polsce od lat 90-tych XX wieku. Ich charakterystyczną cechą jest przewaga komponentu inwestycyjnego nad ubezpieczeniowym. Konstrukcja produktów oraz warunki umowy wzbudziły szereg kontrowersji co do uzyskiwanych efektów inwestycji. Autorzy artykułu zbadali, czy i jak wielkość stopy zwrotu z inwestycji w produkt z UFK zależna jest od jego konstrukcji oraz czy większość UFK przypisanych do danego produktu pozwalała na osiągnięcie przez produkt stóp zwrotu (po uwzględnieniu opłat) przewyższających stopę zwrotu z inwestycji wolnej od ryzyka.
Produkty ubezpieczeniowe z UFK można podzielić na kilka grup. W artykule analizie poddano reprezentatywne produkty jednej z nich. Obliczono dla nich średnioroczne historyczne stopy zwrotu z przypisanych do tych umów funduszy. Następnie uzyskane wyniki porównano z inwestycją w lokatę bankową.
Stwierdzono wpływ konstrukcji umowy na wartość końcową rachunku klienta. Wyniki analizy wskazują, że stopy zwrotu uzyskiwane z badanych produktów były niskie i w większości przypadków nie stanowiły konkurencji do lokat bankowych. Rekompensaty niskiej efektywności tych produktów nie mogła stanowić ochrona ubezpieczeniowa, bo w przypadku tej kategorii produktów ubezpieczeniowych była ona maksymalnie ograniczona.
URGENSI HISTORICAL THINKING SKILLS BAGI PESERTA DIDIK DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH KEBUDAYAAN ISLAM
Authors: Achmadin Balya Ziaulhaq 
Published: June 2022

Historical thinking skill is the ability to think historically related to how to identify in critical and deep thinking about history. This historical ability is important for students to have, because critical thinking is a representation of the universal, multicultural and democratic character of citizens. With this model of thinking development model, it is hoped that students can be more critical and thorough in determining life in the future. The pattern of developing historical thinking is adjusted to the age or level of education of the students. Learners are human beings who are in a state of resistance to development and growth, students are considered immature so they need guidance from parents and educators in the development process which is certainly at every level of education has its own educational focus according to the abilities of students whose ending when entering the age of late adolescence will there are cognitive, affective and psychomotor changes of learners which are obtained through the process of education and teaching at every level of education.

ABSTRAK
Historical thingking skill merupakan kemampuan berpikir historis yang berkaitan dengan cara mengidentifikasi dalam berpikir kritis dan mendalam mengenai sejarah. Kemampuan kesejarahan ini penting dimiliki oleh peserta didik, karena berpikir kritis adalah representasi karakter warga negara yang universal, multikultural dan demokratis. Dengan model pengembangan berpikir model ini diharapkan agar peserta didik dapat lebih kritis dan teliti dalam menentukan kehidupan di masa mendatang. Pola pengembangan berpikir historis disesuaikan dengan usia atau jenjang pendidikan peserta didik. Peserta didik merupakan seorang insan yang berada dalam tahan perkembangan dan pertumbuhan, peserta didik dianggap belum dewasa sehingga perlu bimbingan orang tua maupun pendidik dalam proses perkembangannya yang pastinya dalam setiap jenjang pendidikan memimiliki fokus pendidikan tersendiri sesuai kemampuan peserta didik yang endingnya ketika memasuki usia remaja akhir akan terjadi perubahan kognitif, afektif dan psikomotorik peserta didik yang di peroleh melalui proses pendidikan dan pengajaran di setiap tingkatan pendidikannya.
Efficacy of sibutramine in different types of eating behavior in obese patients
Authors: Matveev G. A. , Babenko A. Yu. 
Published: June 2022

Introduction. One of the key factors contributing to the development and progression of obesity is impairment eating behavior (EB). Therefore, drug therapy for obesity should not only reduce hunger, contributing to weight loss, but also reducing the severity of EB disorders.Aim. Assess the representation of different types of EB in obese patients, the effect of sibutramine therapy on dynamics EB by The Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) and for hunger/satiety on a visual analog scale (VAS). Quality life of patients, adherence to treatment of obese patients and their weight dynamics in different types of EB during therapy with sibutramine was also assessed.Materials and methods. The study included 36 obese patients (30 women and 6 men), mean age 38.7 ± 10.8 years, mean body weight 102.8 ± 16.4 kg, body mass index (BMI) 36.8 ± 4.6 kg/m2, receiving therapy with sibutramine at a dose of 10 mg per day once in the morning before meals in combination with hypocaloric nutrition.Results and discussion. The study showed the prevalence of the emotiogenic type of eating disorders in patients. However, it was pointed out that sibutramine therapy combined with hypocaloric nutrition proved its efficacy in any type of eating disorders. Positive dynamics anxiety/depression in subclinical conditions during treatment with sibutramine was also revealed.Conclusion. Sibutramine treatment may be recommended for the development of a new EB model in obese patients because it is effective in reducing weight in any type of EB disorder.
Pharmacoeconomic research of surgical treatment of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: preoperative endovascularly occlusion classes
Authors: Zyabkin I. V. , Iaremenko E. Yu. , Yunusov A. S. , Garashchenko T. I. , Grachev N. S. 
Published: June 2022

Introduction. Intraoperative control of bleeding during surgical treatment of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JAN) remains controversial. There is no consensus as to the routine use of preoperative embolization, given its high cost and inconsistent availability of the procedure in care centers. There were no publications devoted to the comprehensive pharmacoeconomic analysis of preoperative vascular embolization (PVE) occlusion classes on the surgical treatment of JAN by the time of publication Aim. To evaluate pharmacoeconomic value of preoperative vascular embolization (PVE) occlusion classes (non-embolized, incomplete and complete) on the surgical treatment of JAN.Materials and methods. A total of 139 patients who underwent JNA surgical resection in 2013-2021 time period were identified. All of these patients were treated in National Medical Research Center for Children's Hematology, Oncology and Immunology named after Dmitry Rogachev. We evaluated JNA surgical resection outcomes, length of stay (LOS) with prognostic factors using a multiple linear regression (MLR), cost-per-day (CPD), cost-minimization analysis (CMA), cost-utility ratio (CUR), willingness to pay (WTP) with purchasing power parity (PWP).Results and discusion. Surgical transnasal endoscopic treatment of JAN in the quaternary healthcare center, regardless of the degree of embolization and the presence/absence of intraoperative blood transfusion, is at the willingness-to-pay threshold for the healthcare system of the Russian Federation. The most cost-utility method of treatment remains the absence of embolization (within clips placed in the larger diameter vessels). and the absence of blood transfusion, the least cost-utility method is the incomplete embolization, regardless of the presence/absence of blood transfusion.Conclusion. The results of the pharmacoeconomic study emphasize the high significance of the rejection of routine preoperative vascular embolization of JAN and implementation of standard risk-adapted treatment algorithm for indications of preoperative vascular embolization. Which is particularly important for resource allocations and health policy decision making to increase the efficacy and safety of the JNA treatment.
Epoetin alpha in the treatment of anemia in patients with malignant solid tumors during antitumor drug therapy
Authors: Vladimirova L. Yu. , Abramova N. A. , Lyanova A. A. , Storozhakova A. E. , Popova I. L. , Teplyakova M. A. , Tikhanovskaya N. M. , Ryadinskaya L. A. , Kalabanova E. A. , Kabanov S. N. , Udalenkova I. A. 
Published: June 2022

Introduction. Erythropoietin (EPO) application is a pathogenetic method for anemia correction in cancer patients.The purpose of study. Clinical evaluation of the efficacy and safety of Eralfon® (epoetin alpha) in treatment for anemia in patients with malignant solid tumors during medical anticancer therapy.Materials and methods. We analyzed the data on anemia treatment with Eralfon® in 184 patients with malignant solid tumors receiving various medical anticancer therapies. Eralfon® was injected subcutaneously 12 000 IU 3 times per week or 40 000 IU once a week. Clinical antianemic effect, the time to maximum antianemic effect, adverse events (AE) were analyzed.Results. Patients were stratified by the grade of anemia, stages of treatment, presence of bone metastases, bleeding, previous medical and radiation anticancer therapies, dosage of Eralfon®. The time to effect was shorter in patients under 65. There were no significant differences in efficacy depending on the dosing regimen of Eralfon®. Efficacy was lower in patients with advanced tumors, especially in bone metastases. A history of tumor bleeding, chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy prolonged the period of hemoglobin recovery to normal values. Arterial hypertension and venous thrombosis were the most common AE associated with Eralfon®. Eralfon® 12 000 IU 3 times per week caused less frequent complications, with no cases of ossealgia and myalgia.Conclusion. Eralfon® demonstrated clinical efficacy in treatment for anemia in patients with solid malignant tumors receiving medical anticancer therapy. Dosage of 12 000 IU 3 times per week provided better control of the antianemic effect and adverse events.
Induction of ovarian steroidogenesis as an additional potential risk factor for progression in premenopausal patients with hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer receiving tamoxifen as adjuvant therapy
Authors: Goryainova A. Yu. , Stukan A. I. , Lymar E. V. , Khachmamuk Z. K. , Selezneva I. G. 
Published: June 2022

Introduction. Patients with hormone-receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer (BC) over 40 years old who take tamoxifen are not subject to mandatory castration. However this cohort of patients is not homogeneous.Aim. The present study is aimed at studying the features of ovarian steroidogenesis in perimenopausal breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant hormone therapy (HT) with tamoxifen.Materialy and methods. The study included 82 patients aged 42 to 53 years with GH+BC who received HT with tamoxifen 20 mg daily. Within 9 months from the start of HT in patients, the levels of estradiol and follicle-stimulating hormone in the peripheral blood were studied every 3 months.Results. In 66.7% of patients who received chemotherapy (CT), the development of amenorrhea was noted. Half of the patients in the HT-only group demonstrated amenorrhea. Oligomenorrhea was observed in 20.8% and 16.7% in each group, respectively. The incidence of amenorrhea in women treated with chemotherapy was higher (OR 2.02; 95% CI: 0.73-5.67), but the differences were not statistically significant (p = 0.1766). In the general cohort, in 15.7-16.8% of patients, the level of estradiol exceeded 251 pg / ml - the upper limit of the norm of the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Differences between groups in the incidence of estradiol levels > 251 pg/ml were statistically significant (p = 0.0293). 3.4-5.6% of patients in the total cohort (depending on the period of observation) had an estradiol level > 649 pg / ml, which corresponded to the highest ovulatory value.Conclusions. Against the background of HT with tamoxifen in some perimenopausal patients hyperestrogenism is observed which indicates the implementation of the effect of induction of ovarian steroidogenesis and can be considered as an additional potential risk factor for the progression of HR+BC. Amenorrhea after CT is not a reliable marker of ovarian suppression.
Numerical investigation of the multiphase flow patterns and removal effect in a large dissolved air flotation
Authors: Tang Jinjie , Long Yun , Fu Yu , Long Xinping , Zhang Zuti 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The standard k–ε model coupled with the mixture model was used to study two-phase flow in a large dissolved air flotation (DAF) unit. The numerical results can simulate fairly well the velocity vectors and air volume fraction distribution data of a DAF unit from the literature. The typical DAF structure parameters were analyzed in detail to investigate their predicted influences on the internal flow structure and removal effect. The simulations indicated that the short length of the separation zone was not conducive to the formation of a stratified flow pattern, and the turbulent kinetic energy at the bottom of the separation zone increased as the length decreased. With the increase in the height of the DAF tank, the horizontal flow structure in the separation zone would be disrupted, and the distribution range and the intensity of the turbulence kinetic energy increased. Further analysis showed that the formation of horizontal stratified flow facilitated the removal of bubbles, and the formation of stratified flow is related to the size of the DAF unit. Detailed analyses showed that the reduction of DAF height and the increase of separation zone length were beneficial to improve the bubble removal efficiency. Finally, a theoretical analysis was carried out to study the relationship between DAF parameters and the removal effect. The results revealed that when the horizontal flow structure was not destroyed and stratified flow occurred, the bubble removal efficiency was positively linearly related to the length of the separation zone. The removal efficiency increases as DAF height decreases.
ALKBH5 Expression could Affect the Function of T Cells in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Patients: A Case-control Study
Authors: Deng Li-Jun , Fang Xin-Yu , Wu Jun , Li Qing-Ru , Mao Yan-Mei , Leng Rui-Xue , Fan Yin-Guang , Ye Dong-Qing 
Published: June 2022

Background:
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is widespread in eukaryotic mRNA, regulated by m6A demethylase, AlkB homolog 5 (ALKBH5). However, the role of m6A in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is still obscure. We explored ALKBH5 expression in SLE patients and its effects on T cells.

Methods:
100 SLE patients and 110 healthy controls were recruited to investigate the expression of ALKBH5 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). An additional 32 SLE patients and 32 health controls were enrolled to explore the expression of ALKBH5 in T cells. Then we explored the function of ALKBH5 in T cells by lentivirus.

Results:
The expressions of ALKBH5 were downregulated in both PBMCs and T cells in SLE patients (all P< 0.05). In PBMCs: ALKBH5 mRNA levels were associated with complement C4 level in plasma (P< 0.05). In T cells: ALKBH5 mRNA levels were downregulated in SLE patients with low complement levels, high anti-dsDNA, anti-Sm, anti-RNP, and proteinuria compared with those without, respectively (all P< 0.05); ALKBH5 mRNA levels were negatively related with SLE disease activity index score, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and anti-dsDNA levels (all P< 0.05), and positively correlated with complement C3 and C4 level (all P< 0.05). Functionally, the overexpression of ALKBH5 promoted apoptosis and inhibited the proliferation of T cells (all P< 0.05).

Conclusion:
Conclusion: ALKBH5 expression is downregulated in SLE patients and could affect the apoptosis and proliferation of T cells, but the exact mechanism still needs to be further explored.
Solid Lipid Nanoformulation of Berberine Attenuates Doxorubicin Triggered
in vitro Inflammation in H9c2 Rat Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Gupta Pooja , Rawal Shalini , Bhatnagar Priyanka , Yadav Harlokesh Narayan , Dinda Amit Kumar 
Published: June 2022

Aim:
To evaluate berberine solid lipid nanoparticles' efficacy against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.

Background:
Berberine (Ber) is cardioprotective, but its oral bioavailability is low and its effect in chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity has not been studied.

Objective:
Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) of berberine chloride were prepared, characterized and evaluated in vitro against Doxorubicin induced cardiomyocyte injury.

Methodology:
Berberine loaded SLNs (Ber-SLNs) were synthesized using water-in-oil microemulsion technique with tripalmitin, Tween 80 and poloxamer 407. Ber-SLNs were evaluated for preventive effect against toxicity of Doxorubicin in H9c2 cells. The culture was pre-treated (24 h) with Ber (10 µM) and Ber-SLNs (1 and 10 µM) and exposed to 1 µM of Doxorubicin (Dox) was added for 3 h. The cell viability (LDH (Lactate dehydrogenase) assay and MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide)), levels of Creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), Nitrite, MDA (Malondialdehyde), ROS (Reactive oxygen species) generation and apoptotic DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) content were assessed.

Results:
Ber-SLNs had a mean particle size of 13.12±1.188 nm, zeta potential of -1.05 ± 0.08 mV, poly-dispersity index (PDI) of 0.317 ± 0.05 and entrapment efficiency of 50 ± 4.8%. Cell viability was 81  0.17% for Ber-SLNs (10 µM) and 73.22  0.83% for Ber (10 µM) treated cells in MTT assay. Percentage cytotoxicity calculated from LDH release was 58.91  0.54% after Dox, 40.3  1.3% with Ber (10 µM) and 40.7  1.3% with Ber-SLNs (1 µM) (p<0.001). Inflammation and oxidative stress markers were lower with Ber and Ber-SLNs. Attenuation of ROS generation and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes were noted on fluorescence microscopy.

Conclusion:
Ber loaded SLNs effectively prevented Doxorubicin-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in rat cardiomyocytes. The results demonstrate that microemulsion is a simple, cost-effective technique to prepare Ber-SLNs and may be considered as a drug delivery vehicle for berberine.
Advantages of Self-assembled Nano Peptide Hydrogels in Biological Tissue
Engineering
Authors: Sun Nianfeng , Tian Ailing , Xue Junshuai 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
With the development of tissue engineering research, biological scaffolds have been widely
studied and applied in the field of regenerative medicine. Self-assembling nanopeptide hydrogels have
good biocompatibility, and their seed cells can be used for their biological activities and have no toxic
side effects. The products can be absorbed and degraded by the organism and have great advantages in
tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Studies have shown that the self-assembled nano peptide
hydrogel and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) mixed solution are "biological ink".
3D related biological printing technology can be used to print related tissue models and induce ADMSCs
to differentiate into blood vessels. It is further illustrated that the use of self-assembled nano
peptide hydrogel scaffolds to load stem cells has a good application prospect in stem cell transplantation
and 3D biological printing.
Gastrointestinal Changes and Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Sohrabi Mona , Sahu Bijayani , Kaur Harpreet , Hasler Wendie A. , Prakash Atish , Combs Colin K. 
Published: June 2022

Background:There is a well-described mechanism of communication between the brain and gastrointestinal system in which both organs influence the function of the other. This bi-directional communication suggests that disease in either organ may affect function in the other.Objective:To assess whether the evidence supports gastrointestinal system inflammatory or degenerative pathophysiology as a characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD).Methods:A review of both rodent and human studies implicating gastrointestinal changes in AD was performed.Results:Numerous studies indicate that AD changes are not unique to the brain but also occur at various levels of the gastrointestinal tract involving both immune and neuronal changes. In addition, it appears that numerous conditions and diseases affecting regions of the tract may communicate to the brain to influence disease.Conclusion:Gastrointestinal changes represent an overlooked aspect of AD, representing a more system influence of this disease.