bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of climate change adaptation on paddy yield in dry zone Sri Lanka: A case study using agricultural production systems simulator (APSIM) model
Authors: Wimalasiri Eranga M , Ampitiyawatta A D , Dissanayake P K , Karunaratne A S 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Climate change in terms of increased temperature and variation of rainfall patterns is evident in Sri Lanka. Being a country with an agro-based economy, the impact of the changes of the climate negatively affects crop production and a possesses threat to food security. Using a crop modelling approach, the impact of climate change adaptation on paddy, which is the major crop in the country was assessed in Thanamalwila (6.43ºN, 81.09ºE), Sri Lanka. The calibrated and validated Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM) model was used for yield simulations. Bias-corrected future (2040-2069) climate data were obtained from 3 general circulation models; BNU-ESM, CSIRO-Mk3-6-0, and GFDL-ESM2M under the RCP4.5 scenario. Short season (BG300) and long season (BG358) cultivar, late and early planting (both by two weeks) were used as adaptation methods. Average paddy yield under baseline (1980-2009) climate for BG300 and BG358 were 3711 and 4524 Kg ha−1, respectively. In BG300, the average future yield decreased in all 3 GCMs while in BG358 (long season), the average yield increased under 2 GCMs except CSIRO-Mk3-6-0. On average, delayed planting by 14 days as an adaptation measure increased the yield of BG300 (2.43%), the short season cultivar while in BG358, the average yield decreased by 3.55%. Except for CSIRO-Mk3-6-0 (in BG358), paddy yield in both cultivars decreased on early planting. This simple crop modelling exercise has shown the possibility of selection of cultivar and planting dates as climate change adaptation strategies. Further, field experiments and detailed crop model simulations are essential to validate the findings.
The readiness of local regulations in supporting low carbon development in Central Java Indonesia
Authors: Djamal Rachman , Handayani Alfina , Risandewi Tri 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDuring the last two decades, Indonesia has experienced rapid economic progress and a reduction in poverty rates. On the other hand, the impact of economic growth causes many problems to the environment. Therefore, the Central Government developed the concept of low-carbon development. Low Carbon Development is a new development platform that aims to sustain economic and social growth through low greenhouse gas (GHG) emission development activities and minimize natural resource exploitation. This study aims to determine what extent the regulation readiness of Central Java Province on supporting low carbon development. The approach used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Three administrative regions (Semarang City, Sukoharjo Regency, and Cilacap Regency) were empirical observation areas. FGDs were carried out in the three regions to explore various information on programs related to LCD readiness and its implementation. The results indicate that local governments already have regulations and policies that support low-carbon development. However, they still often encounter many problems, such as limited authority and resources of local government, the dualism of interest, policy implementation was still in the planning stage, and there is no synergy between regional agencies.
The impact of audit committee characteristics, financial performance, and listing age on greenhouse gas emission disclosures of highly emitted industry in Indonesia
Authors: Widagdo A K , Rahanyamtel B A , Ika S R 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Greenhouse gas or carbon emissions produced by manufacturing operations and other highly emitted industries are causes of global warming. Therefore, either in the sustainability reporting or in the corporate social and environmental reporting section, as stated in the annual report, the company usually discloses its activities related to carbon emission handling for sustainable business. In Indonesia, however, the extent of carbon emission disclosures is voluntary. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of audit committee characteristics, financial performance, and listing age on carbon emissions reporting of highly emitted companies in Indonesia. Audit committee characteristics were measured by the number of audit committee members and the number of audit committee meetings, while Altman financial distress model measured financial performance. A checklist based on the Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) evaluated the greenhouse gas emissions disclosures. This study uses 99 companies of highly emitted industry listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Results of multiple regression analysis indicate that the number of audit committee meetings positively affects the greenhouse gas emissions report. The result suggests that the more active the audit committee in the company in conducting meetings, the higher the company’s incentives to disclose carbon emission in the company’s annual report or the sustainability reporting. The study provides insight into the regulation released by the capital market authority agency regarding strengthening factors that may influence listed companies to report their carbon emission.
Mapping land use and surface water quality for urban clean water resource
Authors: Fitria Rini Erma , Rahayu Paramita , Mukaromah Hakimatul 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The population growth and water needs, cumulated with climate change will aggravate the global water scarcity crisis. Surakarta city initiated to use their three rivers across the city as one of the surface water resources to ensure water availability and preserve the environment. This paper aims to give an understanding of the riverbanks’ land use characteristics and river water quality in Surakarta’s three major rivers. The land use data was gathered from satellite images, while the river water quality was gathered from secondary data. Spatial grouping analysis by geographic information system was used to examine the characteristic based on land use and water quality in three major rivers across Surakarta. The results show that there are some different typologies of land use that affect water quality. Therefore, the government needs to improve the land use management to improve the surface water capacity to become one of the urban clean water resources.
Reservoir to ecotourism and its climate change mitigation type development: Challenges and opportunities in North Sumatra’s Botanic Garden Samosir Areas
Authors: Sitanggang Netty Demak H , Ervizal Zuhud M A , Burhanuddin Masy’us , Rinekso Soekmadi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Optimizing reservoirs for ecotourism development is one way to increase local or national economics without impairing environmental conditions, alongside as an adapting or mitigating process to climate change, which is part of sustainable development goals, especially in the Aek Natonang’reservoir, where there is also a botanic garden and a conservation zone function. Hence, this research tried to explore, investigate, and analyze the role of reservoirs in ecotourism and their coping with climate change impacts, as well as their hopefully positive welfare impact on the welfare of the local people. The direct observation and in-depth individual interviews with some of the respondents collected data in the field, alongside assessment of environmental aspects or conditions. The result of this research has shown that the reservoir of Aek Natonang areas as a water conservation paradigm that would support the local activities in their daily lives as well as act as an adapting and mitigating process to climate change impacts. Hence, ecotourism development is one way to cope with it, and it is part of the challenges and opportunities in Aek Natonang areas management to ecotourism development in the framework of local or national economic growth based on the reservoir of potential.
Understorey species diversity and its effect on soil temperature and relative humidity in the Riparian Zone of Pusur River
Authors: Febry Anggana Alvian , Mujiyo  
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Climate change has had a negative impact on all of life aspects. Currently, we have seen frequent occurrences of droughts, rising temperatures, floods, landslides. Therefore, mitigation and adapatation efforts are needed to reduce climate change. One of these efforts is Identify the diversity of riparian understorey plants todetermine their role in the riparian microclimate.This study aims to determine the diversity of understorey plants and their effect on temperature and soil moisture in the Riparian Pusur. It was carried out along the Pusur River, from the upstream to the downstream (administratively included in Boyolali Regency and Klaten Regency) in August 2021. A vegetation analysis method was employed. Sample was obtained from nine observation stations in which 10 plots (2 m × 2 m in size) were established in each station, at elevation 100-800 m asl. This study identifies 9364 individuals that belong to 74 species and 35 families. The lower Upstream has the highest species diversity (30 species), while the mid Downstream has the lowest (14 species). Based on the measurement of the soil temperature, the lowest temperature is in the upper Upstream of 27°C, while the highest is in the lower Downstream of 33°C. The average relative humidity ranges from 39 to 60%. This study concludes that the maximum H’ is identified at soil temperature of 27-28.8°C and relative humidity of 59-61% with the species diversity of riparian understorey ranges from 2.9 to 3.08.
Effect of various types and doses of biochar on hybrid maize growth
Authors: Rahayu M , Nurmalasari A I , Aini N N 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Climate change also has an impact on agriculture, especially at Mediterranean red-yellow soil which is characterized with low fertility. The application of biochar is an alternative to increase soil fertility, as well as promoting the growth and yield of maize in red-yellow Mediterranean soil. The study aimed it determining the appropriate type and dose of biochar in red-yellow Mediterranean soil to support the growth of hybrid maize. The study used a factorial Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with two factors. The first factor was the type of biochar which consisted of 3 levels, namely coconut shell biochar (B1), rice husk biochar (B2), and maize cob biochar (B3). The second factor was the dose of biochar which consists of 5 levels, namely 0 ton.ha−1 (D0), 5 ton.ha−1 (D1), 10 ton.ha−1 (D2), 15 ton.ha−1 ( D3), and 20 ton.ha−1 (D4). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) continued with the Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at level 5% were employed for data analysis. The results showed that the application of biochar had a significant effect on the growth of hybrid maize, especially on some observational variables. The application of biochar rice husks significantly affected the stem diameter, leaves number, and dry weight of 7 week after plant (WAP). The dose of 15 tons.ha−1 significantly affected the dry weight of 4 WAP, while the interaction of rice husk biochar with a dose of 15 tons.ha−1 significantly affected the leaves width.
The bidirectional interaction between climate change and type 2 diabetes burden
Authors: Dewi Yudhani Ratih , Nurwening Sholikhah Eti , Aris Agung Nugrahaningsih Dwi , Primaningtyas Widana 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Nowadays, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and climate change are the most urgent issues that being the focus worldwide. Interestingly, T2D directly or indirectly affects climate change and vice versa, climate change also contributes to the increased risk and the mortality of various non-communicable diseases (NCD), including T2D. This review aims to synthesis and give the comprehensive understanding related to interaction between climate change and T2D burden, which still being a limited subject in the Indonesian healthcare sector. It also explores those mechanisms for considering the right strategies and policies addressing those issues, especially the proper strategies for the prevention and management of diabetes. This review was conducted by screening from Google Scholar, Science Direct and PubMed with keywords “diabetes AND climate change”, “diabetes AND extreme temperature”, “diabetes AND cold weather”. Various predisposing factors for the rapid growth of diabetes prevalence (urbanization, physical inactivity, unhealthy diets, and obesity) are also act as a risk vector that triggering climate change. While extreme temperature increases the susceptibility of the diabetic subjects to get life-threatening complications like dehydration and heatstroke. There is bidirectional interaction between climate change and T2D burden, which should be a priority for the government’s attention to achieve the Sustainable Developmental Goal (SDG), especially for NCD including type 2 diabetes.
Review on the effect of climate change on ecosystem services
Authors: Zawude Bakure Berhanu , Hundera Kitessa , Abara Magarsa 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Currently, ecosystem services (the benefits society drive from the ecosystem) are under pressure from climate change. With increasing climate change over time, the influence that it can cause ecosystem service attracted the attention of the world more than ever. In our daily life, directly or indirectly we rely on benefits gained from the ecosystem. This review paper was aimed to address the effects of climate change on ecosystem services with its possible mitigation and adaptation measures by analyzing articles, books, and reports collected from trusted journals and websites. The range and extents of ecosystem service can be affected in quality and quantity both directly and indirectly due to climate change over time. Supporting services of the ecosystem like biomass production, nutrient cycling, soil formation, atmospheric oxygen, production, and the water cycle were affected. Similarly, provisioning services such as food, drinking water, timber, wood fuel, fodder, wood, fibers, plants, and animal species are affected. Regulating services like cross-pollination, seed dispersal, decomposition, water regulation, flood control, carbon sequestration, and climate regulation are affected. Furthermore, cultural services like tourism and recreation, aesthetic values, cultural heritage, spiritual and religious values, educational values, social relations, and ecotourism are going to decline. Generally, understanding the effects of climate changes on ecosystem services became fundamentally important adaptation and mitigation of effect. Hence, conservation, protection, restoration, and appropriate management ecosystem are required for adaptation and mitigation of climate change effect.
Assessment of current solid waste management practices, community perceptions, and contributions in the City of Kigali, Rwanda
Authors: Iraguha Fidele , Handono Ramelan Ari , Setyono Prabang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Socioeconomic development, urbanization, an uncontrollable massive population rate, and higher living standards in cities increase the amount and variety of solid waste generated. If it accumulates, it degrades the urban environment, affects natural resources, and causes health problems. Dumping sites are becoming an increasing source of concern for Rwanda municipalities, particularly in Kigali City, and they are a significant source of pollution in the air, water, and land. This article aims to assess current solid waste treatment practices in the City of Kigali and evaluate the local community attitudes, participation, and perception in waste management. This research uses a mixed method to understand better how the waste management system performs in Kigali City. The data was collected by distributing a questionnaire to respondents, conducting interviews with communities, and contacting all companies that collect and recycle waste, government institutions, and other sources such as national household surveys and reports. The quantity and type of municipal solid waste (MSW) varies in each identified district. The findings indicate that personal attitude and perception are essential while engaging in waste management practices. There are poorly implemented WM laws and regulations. Due to incomplete combustion, open landfill fire produces smoke, hazardous gases, and particles that pollute the air. In addition, methane concentrations can reach up to 50 percent of landfill gas composition at the maximum anaerobic decomposition. These gases participate in the increase of greenhouse gas effect, global warming, and climate change.
Vulnerability analysis of coastal communities in Merauke as impact of climate change
Authors: Untari  , Darma Rahim , Betaubun Philipus , Fudjaja Letty , Adri Arief Andi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The coastal area of Merauke is already experiencing the impact of climate change which causes community vulnerability which can lead to structural poverty. The purpose of the study conducted in the coastal area of Merauke Regency with a sample of 2 observation areas namely Merauke and Naukenjerai Districts using a qualitative research approach with survey methods. Research data were collected using questionnaires and in-depth interviews with expert respondents who have competencies related to the topic being studied. Data were analyzed using vulnerability analysis which measures exposure, sensitivity, and resilience in community groups who work as fishermen, farmers, and become fishermen/farmers, traders, and transportation workers. The results of the study indicate that the groups of people who have vulnerability as a result of climate change are fishermen and farmers. The level of vulnerability is caused by pressure from natural resources, namely tidal water disasters and floods due to high rainfall intensity which has an impact on the loss of income and work of the community. While the highest level of pressure caused by human activities, namely from sand excavation and land conversion into settlements and public facilities, population growth, and activities to dispose of garbage and household waste on the coast have the biggest impact on decreasing the carrying capacity of the region, coastal ecosystems, reducing livelihoods. livelihoods and sources of income.
Recent advances in near infrared upconverting nanomaterials for targeted photodynamic therapy of cancer
Authors: del Valle Carla Arnau , Hirsch Thomas , Marín María J 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a well-established treatment of cancer that uses the toxic reactive oxygen species, including singlet oxygen (1O2), generated by photosensitiser (PS) drugs following irradiation of a specific wavelength to destroy the cancerous cells and tumours. Visible light is commonly used as the excitation source in PDT, which is not ideal for cancer treatment due to its reduced tissue penetration, and thus inefficiency to treat deep-lying tumours. Additionally, these wavelengths exhibit elevated autofluorescence background from the biological tissues which hinders optical biomedical imaging. An alternative to UV–Vis irradiation is the use of near infrared (NIR) excitation for PDT. This can be achieved using upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) functionalised with photosensitiser drugs where UCNPs can be used as an indirect excitation source for the activation of PS drugs yielding to the production of singlet 1O2 following NIR excitation. The use of nanoparticles for PDT is also beneficial due to their tumour targeting capability, either passively via the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect or actively via stimuli-responsive targeting and ligand-mediated targeting (i.e. using recognition units that can bind specific receptors only present or overexpressed on tumour cells). Here, we review recent advances in NIR upconverting nanomaterials for PDT of cancer with a clear distinction between those reported nanoparticles that could potentially target the tumour due to accumulation via the EPR effect (passive targeting) and nanoparticle-based systems that contain targeting agents with the aim of actively target the tumour via a molecular recognition process.
Parallel Kähler submanifolds and 𝑅-spaces
Authors: Ohnita Yoshihiro 
Published: April 2022

Parallel Kähler submanifolds here mean complex submanifolds immersed in complex projective spaces with parallel second fundamental form. The classification of such submanifolds was done first by Hisao Nakagawa and Ryoichi Takagi (1976) and reproduced secondly and thirdly by Masaru Takeuchi (1978, 1984) by two different methods of unitary representation theory and Jordan triple systems. In this article we briefly survey such related submanifold theory and give the fourth proof for the classification theorem by a different approach based on the differential geometric characterization of

R
R

-spaces due to Carlos Olmos and Cristián U. Sánchez (1991).
MultiWaverX: modeling latent sex-biased admixture history
Authors: Zhang Rui , Ni Xumin , Yuan Kai , Pan Yuwen , Xu Shuhua 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSex-biased gene flow has been common in the demographic history of modern humans. However, the lack of sophisticated methods for delineating the detailed sex-biased admixture process prevents insights into complex admixture history and thus our understanding of the evolutionary mechanisms of genetic diversity. Here, we present a novel algorithm, MultiWaverX, for modeling complex admixture history with sex-biased gene flow. Systematic simulations showed that MultiWaverX is a powerful tool for modeling complex admixture history and inferring sex-biased gene flow. Application of MultiWaverX to empirical data of 17 typical admixed populations in America, Central Asia, and the Middle East revealed sex-biased admixture histories that were largely consistent with the historical records. Notably, fine-scale admixture process reconstruction enabled us to recognize latent sex-biased gene flow in certain populations that would likely be overlooked by much of the routine analysis with commonly used methods. An outstanding example in the real world is the Kazakh population that experienced complex admixture with sex-biased gene flow but in which the overall signature has been canceled due to biased gene flow from an opposite direction.
KIMGENS: a novel method to estimate kinship in organisms with mixed haploid diploid genetic systems robust to population structure
Authors: Wang Yen-Wen , Ané Cécile 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMotivationKinship estimation is necessary for evaluating violations of assumptions or testing certain hypotheses in many population genomic studies. However, kinship estimators are usually designed for diploid systems and cannot be used in populations with mixed haploid diploid genetic systems. The only estimators for different ploidies require datasets free of population structure, limiting their usage.ResultsWe present KIMGENS (Kinship Inference for Mixed GENetic Systems), an estimator for kinship estimation among individuals of various ploidies, that is robust to population structure. This estimator is based on the popular KING-robust estimator but uses diploid relatives of the individuals of interest as references of heterozygosity and extends its use to haploid–diploid and haploid pairs of individuals. We demonstrate that KIMGENS estimates kinship more accurately than previously developed estimators in simulated panmictic, structured and admixed populations, but has lower accuracy when the individual of interest is inbred. KIMGENS also outperforms other estimators in a honeybee dataset. Therefore, KIMGENS is a valuable addition to a population geneticist’s toolbox.Availability and implementationKIMGENS and its association simulation tool are implemented and available open-source at https://github.com/YenWenWang/HapDipKinship.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.