bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ГЛУТАРГІНУ ДЛЯ УСУНЕННЯ ПОБІЧНОЇ ДІЇ ЦИТОСТАТИКІВ ЗА УМОВ ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОГО КАНЦЕРОГЕНЕЗУ
Authors: Грицишин Л. Є. , Фіра Л. С. , Фіра В. Д. , Лихацький П. Г. 
Published: November 2022

Вступ. За персоніфікованими даними Національного канцер-реєстру України, рак товстої кишки належить до трійки видів раку, найбільш розповсюджених серед українців обох статей. Дослідження механізмів впливу цитостатичних препаратів на розвиток колоректального раку є актуальною проблемою сьогодення. Більшість таких засобів спричиняє побічні ефекти після їх застосування, серед яких найбільш виражені гепатотоксичність, кардіотоксичність та нейротоксичність. Доцільним при цьому є використання препаратів, які б усували побічну дію від проведеної хіміотерапії.
Мета дослідження – вивчити активність вільнорадикальних процесів і ступінь ендогенної інтоксикації у щурів з індукованим колоректальним раком після застосування цитостатика “Кселода” та гепатопротектора “Глутаргін”.
Методи дослідження. Експерименти проведено на 72 білих щурах-самцях з дотриманням усіх правил Європейської конвенції про захист хребетних тварин, що використовуються для дослідних та інших наукових цілей. Моделювали колоректальний рак за допомогою 1,2-диметилгідразин гідрохлориду в дозі 7,2 мг/кг маси тіла. Деякі групи тварин на тлі його розвитку отримували цитостатик “Кселода” в дозі 134 мг/кг маси тіла. Ще декілька груп щурів для усунення побічної дії кселоди на печінку піддавали дії глутаргіну в дозі 130 мг/кг маси тіла. Евтаназію проводили під тіопенталовим наркозом. Дослідження виконували кожні 30 днів протягом 7 місяців. Визначали вміст продуктів ліпопероксидації та окисної модифікації протеїнів, а також молекул середньої маси у сироватці крові.
Результати й обговорення. За умов індукованого канцерогенезу в сироватці крові та гомогенаті печінки щурів збільшувався вміст ТБК-активних продуктів, який досягнув максимуму на 7-й місяць дослідження (у сироватці крові підвищився у 3,5 раза, в гомогенаті печінки – у 2,6 раза). Застосування кселоди призвело до ще більшого зростання цього показника. Аналогічне підвищення за канцерогенезу та після застосування кселоди відмічено і для продуктів окисної модифікації протеїнів як нейтрального, так і основного характеру. Введення в уражений організм гепатопротектора “Глутаргін” викликало вірогідне (р<0,05) зниження даних показників. Поряд з посиленням окисних процесів в організмі щурів з індукованим канцерогенезом спостерігали збільшення вмісту молекул середньої маси у сироватці крові, на що вказував коефіцієнт розподілу між обома фракціями (з переважанням ланцюгових та ароматичних амінокислот). Ефективним виявилось застосування глутаргіну і для цього показника.
Висновки. Застосування цитостатика “Кселода” призводить до більш вираженої активації процесів ліпопероксидації та окисної модифікації протеїнів в організмі щурів з експериментальним канцерогенезом. Підтверджено ефективність використання гепатопротектора “Глутаргін” для усунення побічної дії кселоди на печінку щурів з колоректальним раком, що дозволяє рекомендувати його для подальшого дослідження з метою впровадження у клінічну практику.
РОЗРОБКА СПЕКТРОФОТОМЕТРИЧНОЇ МЕТОДИКИ ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ МЕТОПРОЛОЛУ В ЛІКАРСЬКИХ ЗАСОБАХ
Authors: Горин М. М. , Логойда Л. С. 
Published: November 2022

Вступ. Наведена в Європейській Фармакопеї методика визначення метопрололу в субстанції унеможливлює кількісне визначення метопрололу тартрату в таблетках. Учені розробили ряд методик кількісного визначення метопрололу тартрату в моно- та комбінованих лікарських засобах. Проте вони вимагають дорогого обладнання або ж використання токсичних розчинників.
Мета дослідження – розробити просту, експресну, недорогу методику кількісного визначення метопрололу тартрату в таблетках з дотриманням принципів “зеленої” хімії методом УФ-спектрофотометрії.
Методи дослідження. Для виконання дослідження ми використовували фармакопейний стандартний зразок метопрололу тартрату (“Sigma-Aldrich”, ≥98 %, високоефективна рідинна хроматографія), метанол Р (“Honeywell Riedel-de Haen™”, 99,9 %), таблетки “Метопролол”, 50 мг (трьох різних українських виробників лікарських засобів). Оптичну густину в УФ-ділянці вимірювали у кварцових кюветах (1 см) на двопроменевому сканувальному спектрофотометрі “Shimadzu UV-1800” (Японія) із застосуванням програмного пакета UV-Probe 2.62.
Результати й обговорення. УФ-спектр метанольного вилучення з таблеток метопрололу має інтенсивно виражену смугу поглинання за довжини хвилі 224 нм, фармакопейного стандартного зразка метопрололу тартрату в метанолі – 224 нм, що дало можливість провести кількісне визначення при вказаній довжині хвилі. Невизначеність пробопідготовки (∆SP) для визначення метопрололу в таблетках становила 1,66 %, повна невизначеність аналітичної методики (∆As) визначення метопрололу в таблетках – 1,80 %. Рівняння регресії – y = 0,0314x – 0,2942, коефіцієнт кореляції – 0,9964. Параметри лінійності відповідали вимогам ДФУ на всьому діапазоні застосування аналітичної методики (20–36 мкг/мл). Межа виявлення метопрололу становила 3,27 мкг/мл, межа кількісного визначення – 9,92 мкг/мл. Прецизійність експериментальних результатів характеризувалася низьким стандартним відхиленням у досліджуваному діапазоні концентрацій метопрололу, а систематична похибка була на рівні 0,04 %. При вивченні робасності аналітичної методики встановлено, що розчини стабільні впродовж 2 год. Оцінка “зеленості” аналітичної методики за допомогою аналітичної еко-шкали та методу AGREE (Analytical GREEnness) доводить, що розроблена методика є відмінною відповідно до принципів “зеленої” хімії.
Висновки. Розроблено просту, експресну методику кількісного визначення метопрололу тартрату в таблетках з дотриманням принципів “зеленої” хімії методом УФ-спектрофотометрії. Запропоновану спектрофотометричну методику визначення метопрололу в лікарських засобах можна застосовувати в рутинній роботі лабораторій з контролю якості лікарських засобів з обмеженим бюджетом, оскільки вона не вимагає дорогого обладнання.
Multi-task Active Learning for Pre-trained Transformer-based Models
Authors: Rotman Guy , Reichart Roi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Multi-task learning, in which several tasks are jointly learned by a single model, allows NLP models to share information from multiple annotations and may facilitate better predictions when the tasks are inter-related. This technique, however, requires annotating the same text with multiple annotation schemes, which may be costly and laborious. Active learning (AL) has been demonstrated to optimize annotation processes by iteratively selecting unlabeled examples whose annotation is most valuable for the NLP model. Yet, multi-task active learning (MT-AL) has not been applied to state-of-the-art pre-trained Transformer-based NLP models. This paper aims to close this gap. We explore various multi-task selection criteria in three realistic multi-task scenarios, reflecting different relations between the participating tasks, and demonstrate the effectiveness of multi-task compared to single-task selection. Our results suggest that MT-AL can be effectively used in order to minimize annotation efforts for multi-task NLP models.1
Evaluating Racial and Ethnic Invariance Among the Correlates of Guilty Pleas: A Focus on the Effect of Court Legitimacy, Attorney Type, Satisfaction, and Plea-Offer Evaluation
Authors: Jaynes Chae M. , Lee Jacqueline G. , N. Franks Heath 
Published: November 2022

Objectives Research has identified racial and ethnic disparities in rates of guilty pleas relative to trial where minorities are more likely to proceed to trial, though little research has explored the source of this disparity. Methods vUsing an adult nationwide sample and a vignette methodology, this research uses Ordinary Least Squares regression to explore differences in White, Black, and Hispanic defendants’ willingness to accept a guilty plea (WTAP). Results Though there are not significant direct effects of race or ethnicity on initial WTAP, there are racial/ethnic differences in theoretical antecedents of WTAP such as perceived probability of conviction, court legitimacy, and attorney type. However, there are not differences in the effects of theoretical antecedents on WTAP across race or ethnicity. Significant differences by race/ethnicity also emerge following a defense attorney's evaluation of an offer and are conditional on guilt. Conclusions Racial/ethnic differences in rates of plea acceptance are likely due to cumulative racial/ethnic differences in antecedents of WTAP, differences in the effect of attorney evaluation by race/ethnicity, and/or factors that were not directly examined in this study such as variation in plea offers. Implications for future research on the nexus between plea bargaining and race/ethnicity are discussed.
Development of a simplified calibrated building simulation model of a supermarket for proposed ECMs and control strategies impact evaluation
Authors: Kunwar Niraj , Bhandari Mahabir , Im Piljae , Fricke Brian , DeGraw Jason , Kuruganti Teja 
Published: November 2022

Calibrated building energy simulation is an important pathway to more energy-efficient buildings, but the information requirements of some approaches to this problem are significant. This is particularly true for supermarkets and other so-called “big-box” retail stores. Another characteristic of supermarkets is the significant interaction between Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC) and refrigeration systems in these buildings. These buildings could contain a wide variety of systems and a degree of load diversity that makes calibrated modeling a challenge. This paper describes a simplified approach that uses OpenStudio and EnergyPlus to combine known building parameters with “typical” parameters, resulting in a simplified building that is amenable to calibration. This approach was applied to a big-box store located in Nashville, Tennessee, and a calibrated model was obtained that was used to study potential energy conservation measures. The paper also explores the capabilities of whole-building energy modeling tools, such as EnergyPlus, for modeling the HVAC controls and sequences and their impact evaluation. Although some measures are precluded by the model simplicity, several measures were found to improve the efficiency of the model and demonstrate that the simplified modeling approach is effective. Practical Application: This paper introduces a hybrid approach of building energy model calibration using limited information available from the actual building in combination with characteristics of a “typical” building of the same type. This hybrid approach would also be applicable for other building types than discussed in this paper to calibrate the building energy model using limited information from the actual building.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Otorrhea After a Routine Tympanostomy Tube Placement: A Review of the Literature on Hyrtl Fissure
Authors: Oney Rebecca M. , Sloneker Del R. , Bloom Ashlie G. , Avillion Michael P. , Crawford James V. , Chen Brian S. 
Published: November 2022

Objective: To review the literature on Hyrtl fissure (HF) and contribute our experience with a 2-year old who developed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) otorrhea during routine tympanostomy tube placement. Methods: Data Sources: Pubmed and Google Scholar searches were conducted of articles in the English language literature from all time periods using the words Hyrtl, Hyrtl’s fissure, HF, and tympanomeningeal fissure. Study Selection: All relevant articles were reviewed to identify cases of HF. Results: Data Extraction: Nineteen cases, including ours, are described. Patient characteristics, method(s) of diagnosis and repair, and outcomes are reported. Computed tomography and intraoperative endoscopic images from our case are included. Presentation is more common in children (66.7% of cases where age was stated, n = 10) than in adults (33.3%, n = 5), and is most commonly unilateral (89.5%, n = 17). Cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea was the most common presentation. Six were discovered after tympanostomy tube placements while 3 were identified during cochlear implant work-up or after device failure. Surgical approaches described include endaural, transcanal, retrosigmoid, postauricular, and posterior fossa endoscopic. Multiple materials including bone wax, bone pate, fascia, muscle, and tissue sealant have been used. Our case describes an endoscopic repair in a child, which was successful at a 2-year follow-up. Data Synthesis: The small number of cases limits the utility of statistical analysis (n = 19). Conclusions: Hyrtl fissure is a rare but important entity that may be discovered when routine procedures have unexpected results. Hyrtl fissure should be included in the differential diagnosis when there is persistent clear otorrhea after a tympanostomy tube, cochlear implant misinsertion, meningitis, or unexplained middle ear effusion in an adult.
Delayed oral feeding reduces pharyngocutaneous fistula formation after open surgical treatment of primary hypopharyngeal cancer: A case-control study
Authors: Dong Yan-Bo , Yuan Li-Na , Luo Jin-Kai , Liu Yu-He , Liu Liang-Fa , Lu Cheng , Li Wan-Xin 
Published: November 2022

Objectives Pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) formation following open surgical treatment of hypopharyngeal cancer (HPC) is a common and troublesome complication. To date, the postoperative protocol of restarting oral intake is not clear, and vast discrepancies exist in the literature and among institutions. This study aimed to explore the impact of a postoperative protocol of restarting oral intake on PCF formation after open surgical treatment of primary HPC, and its impact on overall survival (OS) and swallowing function based on the functional outcome swallowing scale (FOSS). Materials and Methods This was a prospective observational study of 42 patients who received open surgical treatment for primary HPC at Beijing Friendship Hospital between April 2019 and August 2021. This cohort included two groups: patients who restarted oral intake on the 10th postoperative day (Group 1), and those who started on the 20th (Group 2). The Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact chi-squared test were used for comparing qualitative data among the groups. Results Group 1 (n = 27) and Group 2 (n = 15) were comparable in clinical characteristics. PCF occurred in 7 (25.9%) patients in Group 1, while none occurred in Group 2 ( P = 0.038). The 2-year OS of all 42 patients was 75.6%; 65.8% and 93.3% for Groups 1 and 2, respectively ( P = 0.07). The swallowing function was satisfactory (FOSS Grades 0–III) for 19 (70.4%) patients in Group 1 and 15 (100%) patients in Group 2 ( P = 0.035). Laryngeal preservation was achieved in 25 (59.5%) patients, while decannulation was successful in 22 (88.0%) patients. Conclusions Delayed oral feeding significantly reduces PCF after open surgical treatment of primary HPC, and improves the swallowing function outcome without jeopardizing the OS.
Correlation Between Tinnitus Handicap and Depression and Anxiety Scores
Authors: Molnár András , Mavrogeni Panayiota , Tamás László , Maihoub Stefani 
Published: November 2022

Objectives This study aimed to analyse the correlation between depression, anxiety, and tinnitus handicap in patients with primary tinnitus. Methods A total of 102 patients (41 men, 61 women; mean age ± SD: 56.8 ± 11.6 years) were examined. They completed the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Symptom-Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R). Correlations were analysed using Pearson’s and Spearman’s tests. Logistic regression analysis was performed. Results The demographic data suggested a slight female predominance. The THI questionnaires indicated a worsening handicap in 73.5% of the patients, of which the ‘mild’ category was the most frequent, followed by severe handicaps. According to BDI, 69.6% of individuals fell in the normal category, with mild cases being the most frequent. Of the two psychiatric symptoms, depression (BDI) and tinnitus were strongly correlated (rho= 0.579, P < .0001*). The correlation was also significant according to the SCL-90-R depression questions (rho= 0.523, P < .0001*). Upon comparing the depressive scores and the THI subscores (i.e., functional, emotional, and catastrophic), each showed a significant correlation, with the strongest correlation with functional and emotional scores. The correlation with anxiety was slightly weaker (rho= 0.480, P < .0001*) but also significant. According to the Kaplan–Meier curves and logistic regression, the appearance of depressive symptoms did not significantly influence the appearance of a worsening handicap [ P = .428; OR: 1.124 (95% CI: 0.842–1.501)]. However, a worsening handicap significantly influenced the appearance of depressive symptoms [ P < .0001*; OR: 1.35 (95% CI: 1.34–4.86)], indicating that tinnitus has a more expressed effect on the appearance of depressive symptoms than reversed. Conclusions The correlation between tinnitus handicap and psychiatric comorbidities indicates the importance of psychological factors in tinnitus management. Tinnitus handicap has a more profound effect on depression scores. To avoid the occurrence of comorbidities, tinnitus handicaps must be reduced.
PM2.5 activated NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-1β release in MH-S cells by facilitating autophagy via activating Wnt5a
Authors: Yuan Guanli , Liu Yinfeng , Wang Zheng , Wang Xiaotong , Han Zhuoxiao , Yan Xixin , Meng Aihong 
Published: November 2022

Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5)-induced pulmonary inflammation is an important issue worldwide. NLRP3 inflammasome activation has been found to be involved in pulmonary inflammation development. However, whether PM2.5 induces pulmonary inflammation by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome has not yet been fully elucidated. This study researched whether PM2.5 induces the NLRP3 inflammasomes activation to trigger pulmonary inflammation. Mice and MH-S cells were exposed to PM2.5, BOX5, and Rapamycin. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed on the lung tissues of mice. M1 macrophage marker CD80 expression in the lung tissues of mice and LC3B expression in MH-S cells was detected by immunofluorescence. IL-1β level in the lavage fluid and MH-S cells were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Protein expression was detected by Western blot. Autophagy assay in MH-S cells was performed by LC3B-GFP punctae experiment.PM2.5 exposure induced the lung injury of mice and increased NLRP3, P62, Wnt5a, LC3BII/I, and CD80 expression and IL-1β release in the lung tissues. PM2.5 treatment increased NLRP3, pro-caspase-1, cleaved caspase-1, Pro-IL-1β, Pro-IL-18, P62, LC3BII/I, and Wnt5a expression, IL-1β release, and LC3B-GFP punctae in MH-S cells. However, BOX5 treatment counteracted this effect of PM2.5 on lung tissues of mice and MH-S cells. Rapamycin reversed the effect of BOX5 on PM2.5-induced lung tissues of mice and MH-S cells.PM2.5 activated the NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-1β release in MH-S cells by facilitating the autophagy via activating Wnt5a. The findings of this study provided a new clue for the treatment of pulmonary inflammation caused by PM2.5.
An evaluation of telephone versus videoconference consults for pre-treatment medication history taking by cancer pharmacists
Authors: Ryan Marissa , Ward Elizabeth C , Burns Clare L , Carrington Christine , Cuff Katharine , Mackinnon Mhairi , Snoswell Centaine L 
Published: November 2022

Introduction The primary aim was to compare the successful completion rates of pre-treatment medication history consults conducted by pharmacists with patients either via an unscheduled telephone consult (current standard care) or a scheduled videoconference consult model. Secondary aims were to examine pharmacist perceptions of the telephone and videoconference consults and explore patient (+/− support person) perceptions of videoconference consults. Method Completion data were collected and compared for the two modalities. In addition, pharmacists commented on any positive/negative factors impacting all consults. For the final 35 participants completing a videoconference consult, patients, support people, and pharmacists involved, completed a survey exploring perceptions and satisfaction. Results A significantly higher completion rate ( p < 0.0001) was found for the videoconferencing model, with 94% (76 of 81) completed successfully compared to 72% (76 of 105) of the unscheduled telephone consults. Pharmacists reported multiple factors impacting the success of the telephone consults including scheduling issues and patient factors. Survey responses revealed that 100% of patients/support people and 82% of pharmacists reported satisfaction with videoconference consults. Surveyed participants noted some technical issues, however, the ‘ability to show/view medication containers and/or labels’ and ‘convenience of scheduled time’ were benefits of the videoconference model. Discussion Results indicate that pre-treatment medication history consults should be offered via videoconference to maximise success.
Feasibility and Cost Analysis of Ambulatory Endovascular Aneurysm Repair
Authors: Naiem Ahmed A. , Doonan R.J. , Guigui Andre , Obrand Daniel I. , Bayne Jason P. , MacKenzie Kent S. , Steinmetz Oren K. , Girsowicz Elie , Gill Heather L. 
Published: November 2022

Purpose: We sought to compare the costs of ambulatory endovascular aneurysm repair (a-EVAR) and inpatient EVAR (i-EVAR) at up to 1-year of follow-up. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients undergoing elective EVAR between April 2016 and December 2018 at two academic centers. Patients planned for a-EVAR were compared with i-EVAR. Costs at 30 days and 1 year were extracted. These included operating room (OR) use, bed occupancy, laboratory and imaging, emergency department (ED) visits, readmissions, and reinterventions. Baseline characteristics were compared. Multiple regression model was used to identify predictors of increased EVAR costs. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare cost differences at 30 days and 1 year via an intention-to-treat analysis. Bonferroni post hoc test compared between-group differences. A p value<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: One hundred seventy patients were included. Most underwent percutaneous EVAR (>94%) under spinal anesthesia (>84%). Ambulatory endovascular aneurysm repair was successful in 84% (84/100). Ambulatory endovascular aneurysm repair patients (76±8 years) were younger than i-EVAR (78±9 years). They also had a smaller mean aneurysm diameter (56±6 mm) compared with i-EVAR (59±6 mm). Emergency department visits, readmissions, and reinterventions were similar up to 1 year (all p=NS). Ambulatory endovascular aneurysm repair costs showed a non-statistically significant reduction in total costs at 30 days and 1 year by 27% and 21%, respectively. Patients younger than 85 years and males had a 30-day cost reduction by 34% (p=0.027) and 33% (p=0.035), respectively with a-EVAR. Conclusions: Same-day discharge is feasible and successful in selected patients. Patients younger than 85 years and males have a short-term cost benefit with EVAR done in the ambulatory setting without increased complications or reinterventions. Clinical Impact This study shows the overall safety of ambulatory EVAR with proper patient selection. These patient had similar post-intervention complications to inpatients. Same day discharge also resulted in short-term reduction in costs in male patients and patients younger than 85 years.