bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporal changes in the fish community structure of a small subtropical spring lake: Decadal and seasonal analysis
Authors: Ramírez‐García Arely , Domínguez‐Domínguez Omar , López‐López Eugenia , Moncayo‐Estrada Rodrigo , De La Cruz‐Agüero José 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn spring lakes, which have homogeneous environmental characteristics, it is expected that there will be no significant changes in the composition and structure of communities over time, and fluctuations will generally be related to the ecological attributes of the species. We studied the fish community in a small subtropical spring lake, Lake Zacapu, for two different decades to analyse its structural characteristics. Sampling was performed every 3 months at four sites from January to October 1995 and from May 2019 to May 2020. We determined the temporal variation (seasonal and decadal) in the fish community structure with respect to composition, abundance, diversity and dominance. We evaluated the association between species and water quality. Our results showed spatial homogeneity in most physicochemical variables that remained in the same range across decades, although some nutrients (NO3) recently increased. All species identified in the early samples were present in the recent surveys (eleven native and two nonnative species), indicating that the fish community composition had significant qualitative stability. However, the dominant littoral cyprinid in 1995 was replaced by the more limnetic atherinopsid in 2019–2020, and the diversity and abundance of sensitive fish decreased in recent samplings. Consequently, the current status of critically endangered species is supported for some restricted and microendemic fish. The changes in the community structure attributes, which show a tendency for reduction in native species, emphasise the need to implement efforts to conserve freshwater fish diversity in small spring lakes.
Interventions improving well‐being of adult cancer patients’ caregivers: A systematic review
Authors: Sak‐Dankosky Natalia , Sherwood Paula , Vehviläinen‐Julkunen Katri , Kvist Tarja 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to determine what kind of psychosocial interventions aimed at improving the well‐being of adult cancer patient caregivers were developed, and to describe the methodological characteristics and clinical effectiveness of the interventions which could be included in the nursing care plans.DesignSystematic reviewData sourcesA systematic search of three databases (PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO) was conducted to identify peer‐reviewed papers published between years 2004–2019.Review MethodsThe review was guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute manual for systematic reviews. Data were extracted and appraised by three reviewers using standardized checklists. Narrative synthesis was used to analyse the data.ResultsA total of 37 studies underwent analysis. Most of the studies described psychoeducational interventions, designed for patient‐caregiver dyads, delivered face‐to‐face. There was a great variety in caregiver outcomes and measurement tools used. Even though most studies used a randomized controlled design and standardized intervention protocols, many reported problems with recruitment and attrition. Most studies reported that the intervention improved caregiver outcomes, yet the majority of them failed to report effect sizes.ConclusionThere are currently a plethora of successful interventions available for cancer patient caregivers which can be included to the nursing care plan. Psychoeducational online interventions which include a social support component may have the best potential in supporting caregivers. It is important to address specific caregiver needs at different cancer stages rather than general needs of caregivers in future interventions.ImpactThis review suggests that despite a large number of different interventions which can be included in the nursing care plan to improve the support offered to caregivers, some issues should be addressed while designing an intervention study. The emphasis should be placed on reporting effect sizes, focusing on specific caregiver needs and improving recruitment, retention strategies and sustainability of caregiver interventions.
M‐beat—A novel marker for selective left bundle branch capture
Authors: Ponnusamy Shunmuga Sundaram , Basil William , Vijayaraman Pugazhendhi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionPremature‐ventricular‐complexes (template/fixation beat) guided left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) was recently described as a novel method of successful lead deployment by rapid rotations.MethodsWe aimed at analyzing the incidence of a unique morphology template beat, which we labelled as ‘M‐beat’ in patients undergoing PVC‐guided LBBP, its ability to predict selective LBB‐capture and clinical significance.ResultsOverall 210 out of 217 attempted‐patients (96.7%) underwent successful LBBP. Template beat was noted in 90.4% patients (n = 190) and M‐beat in 32.8%(n = 69). Non‐selective to selective capture transition demonstrated in 55.2%(n = 116). The QRS duration of the M‐beat was 129.3 ± 13.1ms. Patients were divided into two groups: Group‐I with M‐beat (n = 69;32.8%) and Group‐II without M‐beat (n = 141; 67.2%). The mean fluoroscopy‐time was significantly less in group‐I as compared to group‐II (13.1 ± 11.1 vs 16.8 ± 12.04 minutes; p‒0.03). Patients in group‐II required more attempts as compared to group‐I for successful lead deployment (2.8 ± 1.09 vs 2.2 ± 1.04; p ‒ 0.01). Six patients showed loss of R‐wave in lead‐V1 and 2 showed rise in LBB capture threshold by >1V during follow‐up in group‐II. M‐beat had a specificity of 96.77% and sensitivity of 58.62% (positive‐predictive‐value‐98.55%) to predict selective‐LBB capture. Myocardial excitability would not modify the occurrence of M‐beat as opposed to capture transition response since it could be demonstrated without pacing protocols. When confirmation of LBB‐capture itself would be difficult in patients with baseline LBBB‐morphology, M‐beat with 42.8% incidence predicted selective capture with 96.7% specificity and 66.04% sensitivity(positive‐predictive‐value‐97.22%).ConclusionM‐beat is a marker of transient‐selective LBB‐capture, independent of the local myocardial excitability with high specificity and positive predictive value irrespective of the baseline QRS morphology.
Evaluating the frequency, prognosis and survival of RUNX1 and ASXL1 mutations in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia in northeastern Iran
Authors: Parsa‐kondelaji Mohammad , Ayatollahi Hossein , Rostami Mehrdad , Sheikhi Maryam , Barzegar Faezeh , Afzalaghaee Monnavar , Moradi Elmira , Sadeghian Mohammad Hadi , Momtazi‐Borojeni Amir Abbas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTo evaluate the frequency and prognosis of runt‐related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) and additional sex combs like‐1 (ASXL1) mutations in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients in northeastern Iran. This cross‐sectional study was performed on 40 patients with AML (including 35 patients with denovo AML and five patients with secondary AML) from February 2018 to February 2021. All patients were followed up for 36 months. We evaluated the frequency and survival rate of RUNX1 and ASXL1 mutations in AML patients. To detect mutations, peripheral blood samples and bone marrow aspiration were taken from all participants. One male patient (2.5%) had RUNX1 mutations and four cases (10%; 3 females vs. 1 male) had ASXL1 mutations. The survival rates of AML patients after 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24 and 36 months were 98%, 90%, 77%, 62%, 52%, 27% and 20%, respectively. There was a significant relationship between the occurrence of ASXL1 mutations and the survival of patients with AML (p = 0.027). Also, there was a significant relationship between the incidence of death and haemoglobin levels in patients with AML (p = 0.045). Thus, with an increase of one unit in patients' haemoglobin levels, the risk of death is reduced by 16.6%. Patients with AML had a high mortality rate, poor therapy outcome and low survival rate. ASXL1 and RUNX1 mutations are associated with a worse prognosis in patients with newly diagnosed AML. Also, we witnessed that the prevalence of ASXL1 to RUNX1 mutations was higher in northeastern Iran compared with other regions.
Pseudoepitheliomatous keratotic and micaceous balanitis: a series of eight cases
Authors: Spencer A. , Watchorn R.E. , Kravvas G. , Ben‐Salha I. , Haider A. , Francis N. , Freeman A. , Alnajjar H.M. , Muneer A. , Bunker C.B. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundPseudoepitheliomatous keratotic and micaceous balanitis (PEKMB) is a clinicopathological entity characterized clinically by micaceous scale on the glans, and histologically by acanthosis, hyperkeratosis and pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia. We present a series of eight cases of this rare condition, the first series of more than two cases to be reported.ObjectivesTo determine the clinical and histological characteristics of cases of PEKMB, and evaluate treatments used and clinical course.MethodsThis monocentric case series was conducted at the University College London Hospitals tertiary male genital dermatology clinic between April 2018 and August 2020. Eight patients with PEKMB were evaluated. Data were collected on demographics, clinical presentation, histological features, presence of human papilloma virus (HPV), history of lichen sclerosus, treatment of PEKMB and subsequent response, and presence or development of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) or penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN) during follow‐up.ResultsEight Caucasian males presented with clinical and histological evidence of PEKMB. Seven had a background of lichen sclerosus; two had failed treatment with superpotent topical steroids and four had symptoms for three or more years prior to circumcision. There was no clinical or histological relationship with HPV infection, and p16 staining was negative. HPV PCR, performed in two cases, was negative. Basal atypia, insufficient to amount to PeIN, was present in six patients. One patient progressed to PeIN during follow‐up, and no patient progressed to invasive malignancy. Five patients were treated successfully with glans resurfacing and split skin graft reconstruction.ConclusionsOur observations demonstrate that PEKMB represents a form of chronic, undiagnosed or misdiagnosed, inadequately treated or treatment refractory, unstable lichen sclerosus. The significant potential for squamous carcinogenesis (differentiated PeIN and verrucous carcinoma) can be mitigated by timely diagnosis and treatment. Glans resurfacing and split skin graft reconstruction appears to be a successful treatment modality in patients with refractory disease.
Estimating nitrate intake in the Australian diet: Design and validation of a food frequency questionnaire
Authors: McMahon Nicholas F. , Brooker Paige G. , Kadach Stefan , Pavey Toby G. , Leveritt Michael D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundDietary nitrates may play a role in mediating several key physiological processes impacting health and/or exercise performance. However, current methods for assessing dietary nitrate (NO3−) consumption are inadequate. The present study aimed to examine the dietary nitrate intake in a sample of 50 healthy adults, as well as test the validity of a purposefully developed food frequency questionnaire (FFQ).MethodsDietary nitrate intake was estimated over a week using (i) three 24‐h dietary recalls; (ii) a short‐term (7‐day) FFQ; and (iii) a biomarker (urinary nitrate), in conjunction with a nitrate reference database.ResultsDaily dietary nitrate intake estimates were 130.94 mg (average of three 24‐h recalls) and 180.62 mg (FFQ). The mean urinary NO3− excretion was 1974.79 µmol day–1 (or 917.9 µmol L–1). Despite the difference between the two dietary assessment methods, there was a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.736, ρ < 0.001) between the two tools. There was also a positive correlation between urinary NO3− and 24‐h recall data (r = 0.632, ρ < 0.001), as well as between urinary NO3− and FFQ (r = 0.579, ρ < 0.001).ConclusionsThe ability to accurately estimate nitrate intakes depends on having suitable reference methods to estimate the concentrations of nitrate in the food supply, coupled with valid and reliable dietary assessment tools. Based on the findings from the present study, at an individual level, dietary recalls or records may be more accurate in estimating intakes of NO3−. However, given the lower cost and time needed for administration relative to recalls, the FFQ has merit for estimating NO3− intakes in health interventions, dietary surveys and surveillance programs.
Relationship between histomorphological findings and platelet activation in psoriasis
Authors: Eren Karanis Meryem İlkay , Küçükosmanoğlu İlknur , Oltulu Pembe , Kılınç Fahriye , Özer İlkay 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundElevated platelet count (PC), mean platelet volume (MPV), and Platelet Mass Index (PMI) are reported in patients with psoriasis, while platelet activation is associated with psoriasis severity. Available studies examining the relationship between platelet activation markers and psoriasis have mostly focused on psoriasis area severity index. To the best of our knowledge, there is no study examining the relationship between histopathological features of a single psoriatic plaque and platelet activation. The present study examined the relationship between histomorphological findings obtained by morphometric analysis and psoriasis patients' PC, MPV, and PMI values.Materials and MethodsMorphometric analysis was performed on hematoxylin and eosin‐stained preparations of skin biopsies to measure minimum suprapapillary epidermis thickness (SPETmin) and maximum epidermal thickness (ETmax), maximum suprapapillary keratosis thickness (SPKTmax), and maximum keratosis thickness (KTmax). The relationship between PC, MPV, PMI, and morphometric skin biopsy outcomes was evaluated.ResultsWhile an inverse correlation was found between SPETmin and PC and PMI in cases with psoriasis (p values = 0.015 and 0.005, r values = −0.238 and −0.271, respectively), no significant correlation was found between SPETmin and MPV (p value = 0.600, r value = −. 052). On the contrary, no significant correlation was found between SPKTmax, ETmax, and KTmax values and platelet parameters.ConclusionWe assume that an increased risk of platelet activation‐related diseases is expected in psoriasis patients displaying histopathological findings of suprapapillary thinning due to increased platelet activation; therefore, it may be beneficial to monitor these patients in terms of such risks.
How could a new universal code of conduct prevent and resolve sovereign debt crises? Proposals for design and implementation
Authors: Berensmann Kathrin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn response to the COVID‐19 crisis, government spending around the world has increased significantly and will continue to grow as interest rates rise. In view of protracted and costly sovereign debt restructurings in the previous decades, contractual and noncontractual instruments of the Global Debt Governance‐system have been insufficient to prevent and to resolve sovereign debt crisis. While statutory and comprehensive approaches to resolve sovereign debt crises lack the political support such as an insolvency procedure for states incomprehensive contractual approaches including collective action clauses (CACs) cannot fully secure a comprehensive debt resolution. Codes of conduct could constitute an essential instrument to contribute to preventing and resolving sovereign debt crises. There are two main impediments for establishing and adopting such codes of conduct effectively. First, a range of codes of conduct with different institutional settings and principles have been established − and partly implemented − including those of the Institute of International Finance, the United Nations, the G20, the IMF and the OECD. However, differing institutional settings do not contribute to preventing or effectively resolving debt crises when the actors concerned apply different codes of conduct. We suggest a new universal code of conduct in which the elements of the various proposals made by the public and private sectors would be combined. Second, the global economic governance structure lacks incentives for creditors and debtors to adhere to this new universal code of conduct. This paper proposes measures providing incentives for creditors and debtors to apply the nonstatutory code of conduct.
Effect of serving containers on the consumer acceptance of Doenjang stew
Authors: Hwang Ji‐sun , Kim Mina K. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to determine effects of serving containers on the consumer acceptance of doenjang stew. Consumer acceptance testing was conducted on two doenjang paste samples (i.e., commercially produced and traditionally produced doenjang, respectively) used to prepare doenjang stew by following a standard recipe (N = 88). In this experiment, the main variables included serving containers of doenjang stews: ttukbaegi (an earthen pot), a melamine bowl, and a disposable plastic cup. Consumers preferred doenjang stew made of commercially produced doenjang over traditionally produced doenjang stew regardless of the serving container. When doenjang stew was served in a disposable plastic cup, significant decrease in liking was observed in comparison with doenjang stew served in other containers regardless of the type of doenjang. Increase in the overall liking of doenjang stews was observed when served in ttukbaegi (an earthen pot) at appearance‐only evaluation condition. However, from results of taste evaluation, no difference in liking according to the serving container was observed. The change in the serving container affected product appearance evaluation, but not in taste evaluation. In other words, when tasting is involved, intrinsic factors such as taste or flavor have a greater influence on liking than extrinsic factors such as serving containers.Practical ApplicationsDoenjang is fermented soybean paste, which is typically included in a stew or soup recipe. Stew is typically served in containers of ttukbaegi or soup bowls. On the other hand, most consumer studies have utilized disposable cups or bowls for serving doenjang stews. In this study, whether serving containers affect the consumer acceptance of doenjang stews was investigated. Results of this study suggested that the impact of serving containers on the consumer acceptance of doenjang stew is minimal when tasting is involved in consumer evaluation; this result indicated that compared with serving containers, intrinsic factors affect consumer liking to a higher extent. These results can provide valuable information for the experimental design of future consumer studies on doenjang‐type food items.
Sensitive and high-accuracy detection of Salmonella based on CRISPR/Cas12a combined with recombinase polymerase amplification
Authors: Mao X. , Zhao Y. , Jiang J. , Du Q. , Tu B. , Li J. , Wang F. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Salmonella is a crucial food-borne pathogen causing food poisoning, leading to severe public health events. Here, we developed a technique by integrating recombinase polymerase amplification with CRISPR-LbCas12a and employing two targets with engineered crRNA for detection of Salmonella (RPA-LbCas12a-TTECDS). Our findings revealed that this novel method rapidly detects trace Salmonella in food through fluorescence intensity and provides a template for other food-borne pathogen detection methods. Further, crRNA was optimized to increase detection sensitivity. Double targets were used to enhance the detection accuracy, reaching the level of qPCR, which was superior to fluorescent RPA. The RPA-LbCas12a-TTECDS system specifically detected Salmonella levels as low as 50 CFU per ml at 37°C in 1 h. In summary, a simple, rapid, sensitive and high accuracy detection technique based on CRISPR-Cas12a was created for Salmonella detection without complicated equipment.
The public–private governance regime on sustainable ship recycling: An in‐depth analysis
Authors: Glinski Carola 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTo address global sustainability issues, legal frameworks increasingly build upon private governance contributions such as private standardization and/or private certification. This is particularly true for ship recycling under the Hong Kong Convention and its European implementation, the Ship Recycling Regulation. After a brief introduction into the old public law approach as compared with the new public–private governance structure, the article offers a critical in‐depth analysis of the effectiveness of the new governance structure based upon private certification. It thereby draws from research in, and experience with, traditional ship classification as well as other certification systems in European Union law. The article concludes that, despite laudable elements, the governance structure of the Ship Recycling Regulation has some important gaps and does not remedy the classical conflicts of interest of certification organizations. Among others, it should be complemented with a liability regime.
One‐year follow‐up CT findings in COVID‐19 patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Watanabe Atsuyuki , So Matsuo , Iwagami Masao , Fukunaga Koichi , Takagi Hisato , Kabata Hiroki , Kuno Toshiki 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) often causes radiological and functional pulmonary sequelae. However, evidence on 1‐year follow‐up of pulmonary sequelae is limited. We aimed to investigate the characteristics and time‐course of pulmonary sequelae after recovery from COVID‐19 through 1‐year follow‐up. We searched PubMed and EMBASE databases on 25 February 2022, and included studies with computed tomography (CT) findings at the 1‐year follow‐up. The extracted data on CT findings were analysed using a one‐group meta‐analysis. We further analysed the data in relation to COVID‐19 severity, improvement rate and lung function. Fifteen eligible studies (N = 3134) were included. One year after COVID‐19, 32.6% (95% CI 24.0–42.6, I2 = 92.9%) presented with residual CT abnormalities. Ground‐glass opacity and fibrotic‐like changes were frequently observed in 21.2% (95% CI 15.4–28.4, I2 = 86.7%) and 20.6% (95% CI 11.0–35.2, I2 = 91.9%), respectively. While the gradual recovery was seen on CT (52.9% [mid‐term] vs. 32.6% [1 year]), the frequency of CT abnormalities was higher in the severe/critical cases than in the mild/moderate cases (37.7% vs. 20.7%). In particular, fibrotic changes showed little improvement between 4–7 months and 1 year after COVID‐19. Pulmonary function tests at 1 year also showed the decline in diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide, especially in severe/critical cases. Our meta‐analysis indicated that residual CT abnormalities were common in hospitalized COVID‐19 patients 1 year after recovery, especially fibrotic changes in severe/critical cases. As these sequelae may last long, vigilant observations and longer follow‐up periods are warranted.
Government ideology and international migration*
Authors: Bove Vincenzo , Efthyvoulou Georgios , Pickard Harry 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe provide the first empirical evidence that government ideology affects the choice of migration destinations. As ruling political parties differ in their discourse, policies, and positions on migration, the ideology differential between the host and home country governments can shape the relative generosity of the welfare system, the degree of tolerance towards out‐groups, and the restrictiveness of migration policies, all acting as important drivers of international migration. Using data on bilateral migration and government ideology for OECD countries between 1990 and 2016, we show that migration flows increase when the government at the destination becomes more left‐wing relative to the government at the origin, particularly when both countries are members of the European Economic Area.