bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chitosan-based antioxidant films incorporated with root extract of Aralia continentalis Kitagawa for active food packaging applications
Authors: Wu Shuqing , Li Guoping , Li Bosheng , Duan Hongmei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Aralia continentalis Kitagawa and ginseng are both perennial herbs of Araliaceae. The study aimed to investigate the composite packaging films with better fresh-keeping ability. The different mass concentrations of Aralia continentalis Kitagawa root extract (ARE) 0.05%, 0.10%, and 0.15% (v/w) were compounded with chitosan (CH) to make composite packaging films. Food-based composite film, its thickness, density, water contact angle (WCA), oxygen barrier properties (OP), solubility, swelling, transparency, water vapor permeability (WVP), and other physical properties, as well as tensile strength (TS), elongation at break (EAB), Young’s modulus (YM), and the mechanical properties were measured, and the oxidation resistance, thermal properties, and biodegradability were also evaluated, and the structure was analyzed by infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that when the ARE content in the film was increased from 0.05 to 0.15 mg·mL−1, high antioxidant capacity of the CH/ARE film was exhibited (the DPPH and ABTS+ free radical scavenging rate was increased), and the thickness, density, swelling degree, solubility, TS, EAB, and YM of the CH/ARE composite film increased, while WCA, OP, WVP, transparency, and biodegradability were slightly reduced. We had noticed that with the increase in the ARE content, the surface microstructure in CH/ARE film changed significantly, indicating the good compatibility between CH and ARE. In summary, as a natural active substance, ARE can be combined with CH to form films, and the packaging film made can effectively improve the performance of the composite film.
Molecular dynamics simulation of nonisothermal crystallization of a single polyethylene chain and short polyethylene chains based on OPLS force field
Authors: Lv Yunlong , Ruan Chunlei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulations on the nonisothermal crystallization of a single polyethylene chain and short polyethylene chains based on the all-atom model and optimized potentials for liquid simulations-all atom (OPLS-AA) force field are conducted in this article. Four all-atom single chain models with different chain lengths (C1000, C2000, C3000, and C4000) and four all-atom short chain models with the same chain length and different number of chains (2C500, 4C500, 6C500, and 8C500) are constructed. The collapse process at a high temperature of 600 K and the nonisothermal crystallization process with different cooling rates at the temperature range of 600–300 K are simulated. Roles of chain length, number of chains, cooling rate on the potential energy, van der Waals (V
dw) energy, radius of gyration, root mean square deviation, and crystallinity are explored. By comparing with the existing results obtained by the united atom model, the validity and accuracy of this study are proved. Results show that in the collapse process, the chain length is the major factor, whereas the cooling rate has the greatest influence during the nonisothermal crystallization process. As the cooling rate decreases, a “platform” appeared in the V
dw energy curve, which has a profound impact on the crystallization.
Shape memory polymer/graphene nanocomposites: State-of-the-art
Authors: Kausar Ayesha 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Graphene is one of most exceptional type of nanocarbon. It is a two-dimensional, one atom thick, nanosheet of sp2 hybridized carbon atoms. Graphene has been employed as nanofiller for shape memory polymeric nanocomposites due to outstanding electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, flexibility, and thermal stability characteristics. Consequently, graphene nanostructures have been reinforced in the polymer matrices to attain superior structural, physical, and shape recovery properties. This review basically addresses the important class of shape memory polymer (SMP)/graphene nanocomposites. This assessment is revolutionary to portray the scientific development and advancement in the field of polymer and graphene-based shape memory nanocomposites. In SMP/graphene nanocomposites, polymer shape has been fixed at above transition temperature and then converted to memorized shape through desired external stimuli. Presence of graphene has caused fast switching of temporary shape to original shape in polymer/graphene nanocomposites. In this regard, better graphene dispersion, interactions between matrix-nanofiller, and well-matched interface formation leading to high performance stimuli-responsive graphene derived nanocomposites, have been described. Incidentally, the fabrication, properties, actuation ways, and relevance of the SMP/graphene nanocomposite have been discussed here. The potential applications of these materials have been perceived for the aerospace/automotive components, self-healing nanocomposites, textiles, civil engineering, and biomaterials.
Athenian Black-Figure and Red-Figure Pointed Amphoras: New Considerations on Their Shape, Decoration, and Context
Authors: Zaccagnino Cristiana 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Fewer than 20 Athenian figured pointed amphoras are attested, dating from the late sixth century to the mid-fifth century B.C.E. in both black- and red-figure. There is strong variability in the shape of these vases, even those produced in the same workshop, making them almost unique specimens. Their shape is clearly modeled after transport amphoras of the same period. This paper aims to argue that Athenian figured pointed amphoras were produced in small numbers as special commissions for members of the aristocracy. In addition to their content, arguably high-quality wine, these luxury versions of regular wine shipping containers may have been intended as gifts to guest-friends and members of the givers’ broad elite network, mainly in Etruria.
Synthesis and characterization of Ce-doped TiO2 nanoparticles and their enhanced anticancer activity in Y79 retinoblastoma cancer cells
Authors: Kartha Balachandran , Thanikachalam Kalaivani , Vijayakumar Natesan , Alharbi Naiyf S. , Kadaikunnan Shine , Khaled Jamal M. , Gopinath Kasi , Govindarajan Marimuthu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Rare earth metal cerium-doped titania nanoparticles (titanium dioxide [TiO2]) were produced utilizing a low-cost and straightforward sol–gel technique, and its enhanced photodynamic anticancer activity was tested on Y79 retinoblastoma cancer cells. The structural, optical, morphological, anticancer activity, and cytotoxicity of pure and cerium-doped TiO2 (Ce-doped TiO2) were investigated. In X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements, apparent doping of cerium in TiO2 was detected, with reported anatase patterns shifting toward a lower angle in the anatase structure. Raman spectra verify the presence of cerium doping in TiO2 by revealing greater wave number shifting. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis showed that the synthesized TiO2 and Ce-doped TiO2 nearly spherical. TiO2 and Ce-doped TiO2 were studied for their photodynamic anticancer activities, and the results suggest that cerium doping in TiO2 improves anticancer activity.
Quantum chemical calculations of phenazine-based organic dyes in dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Yigit Nesim , Turhan Zeynep Şilan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this study, quantum chemical calculations of phenazine-based organic molecules applied in organic dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have been made and interpreted. Since DSSC molecules work with the electron push–pull system, the sequence of other compounds (2–8) from compound 1 is designed as a donor–π bridge (weak acceptor)–acceptor (D–π–A). Later, the studied molecules were expanded from 2a to 8c by lengthening the conjugation with phenyl, thiophene, and furan to the acceptor parts. Density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations are practiced to investigate all structures and absorption spectra of molecules, respectively. It has been observed that the phenazine-based molecule series are good candidates for DSSCs, both with their band gap and their absorption spectrum results. It can be assumed that changing the HOMO and LUMO energy values of all designed structures according to compound 1 can absorb light in the organic dye-sensitized solar cells and transfer electrons to the conductivity band of TiO2. As a result, it has been resolved that various dyes can be designed for dye-sensitizing solar cells by calculating electronic energies, HOMO–LUMO energies, and absorption wavelengths.
Specific gravity of slash, longleaf, and loblolly pine growth rings formed in mature trees during periods of drought
Authors: Eberhardt Thomas L. , Samuelson Lisa J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Studies linking wood properties of the southern pines to climate parameters and/or irrigation treatments have generally used seedlings or mid-rotation age trees, the latter comprised primarily of juvenile wood. To investigate possible drought-induced effects on mature wood physical properties, densitometry data from 50-year-old slash (Pinus elliottii Engelm.), longleaf (Pinus palustris Mill.), and loblolly (taeda L.) pine trees were matched with annual soil moisture values. Each of two growth ring groupings per increment core had a two-year period of ample moisture followed by a two-year period of drought; these were centered at ages of 20 and 38 years. For slash pine, the latewood width was 30% lower (p = 0.011) for the drought period at age 20. Seemingly similar results were obtained for longleaf pine, but the probability (p = 0.051) just exceeded the threshold for significance (α = 0.05). No differences were observed for either earlywood or total ring widths. Ring specific gravity (SG) values that were 11% lower for slash pine and 7% lower for longleaf pine can be attributed to drought-related reductions in latewood formation. Unlike other studies with younger trees, both percent latewood and ring SG values for mature loblolly pine were unaffected by drought.
Properties of Mexican bloodwood (Haematoxylum campechianum L.). Part 2: moisture performance and biological durability
Authors: Brischke Christian , Emmerich Lukas , Koddenberg Tim , Kick Annika E. B. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Haematoxylum campechianum is most prevalently used as dyewood; its use for furniture, flooring, or fencing is only of regional importance, which might be due to lacking data about its technological properties. Therefore, small specimens were cut from H. campechianum stems from plantations in the lowlands of the Usumacinta delta in Mexico. The latter were subjected to laboratory decay and moisture studies. Water vapour sorption, liquid water uptake, and swelling of H. campechianum appeared much lower in comparison with most European grown wood species and similar to tropical hardwoods such as Tectona grandis. After removal of water-soluble ingredients, water vapour sorption of H. campechianum specimens further decreased, which assigned such ingredients a somewhat hydrophilic character. Mean mass losses (ML) due to decay by white, brown, and soft rot fungi in laboratory tests were <5%. On the basis of a dose-response model, wetting ability factors and ML values from decay tests predicted an outdoor performance similar to T. grandis and Intsia bijuga. Based on this preliminary property profile, H. campechianum can be recommended for both outdoor (e.g. fencing, outdoor decking, railing) and indoor applications (e.g. flooring, manufacturing of furniture, wall and ceiling panels, decoration artwork).
Ficus glumosa Del. reduces phenylhydrazine-induced hemolytic anaemia and hepatic damage in Wistar rats
Authors: Okafor Azubuike Ikechukwu , Atsu Cecilia Ushike 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Anemia is a direct or indirect consequence of oxidative stress via free radicals on erythrocytes and subsequently on other tissues like liver. Ficus glumosa constitute a rich pharmacologically compound that can prevent or repair oxidative damage. Therefore, this study seeks to evaluate the effect of F. glumosa on phenylhydrazine-induced hemolytic anemia and hepatic damage in rats.

Methods
Twenty-four (24) albino Wistar rats were assigned to four (4) experimental groups (n=6) as follows: Group I (non-anemic control) and Group 2 (anemic control) received normal saline, while Group III and IV (test groups) 200 and 400 mg/kg of aqueous leaf extract of F. glumosa (ALEFG), respectively. All the groups were treated orally (via a cannula) for seven consecutive days. Intraperitoneal (IP) injection of phenylhydrazine (PHZ) at 40 mg/kg for two consecutive days induced hemolytic anemia in group II to IV before treatment. Rats of all groups were anaesthetized and sacrificed 24 h after the last treatment. Blood and liver samples were collected for some hematological indices, liver function test, antioxidant parameter and histological analysis.

Results
The LD50 of ALEFG was assessed orally in rats and found to be above 5,000 mg/kg body weight. Significant (p<0.05) decreases in the level of red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB) concentrations and packed cell volume (PCV) by 50% after 2 days of PHZ induction, were attenuated by more than 50% after 7 days administration of ALEFG at 200 and 400 mg/kg. The percentage change in body weight increased significantly (p<0.05) after 7 days post PHZ-induced anemia, but those that received oral administration of ALEFG (at 200 and 400 mg/kg) for 7 days increased significantly (p<0.05) by more than 2%, dose-dependently compared to anemic untreated group. Increased level of serum ALT, AST, ALP and GGT in PHZ-induced anemic animals, were significantly (p<0.05) attenuated in the groups that received oral administration of ALEFG (at 200 and 400 mg/kg) for 7 days. Decreased level of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities with concomitant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) content from PHZ-induced untreated group, were significantly (p<0.05) mitigated in the rats that received oral administration of ALEFG (at 200 and 400 mg/kg) for 7 days. Histopathological analysis showed that ALEFG could remarkably though not completely mitigated PHZ-induced hepatic damage.

Conclusions
Our data suggests that the leaves of F. glumosa contain important antioxidant(s) that could effectively reduce hemolytic anemia and hepatic damage, especially during phenylhydrazine-induced toxicity.
Comparison of compliance and outcomes in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus attending a co-located pediatric and transition diabetes service
Authors: Ali Naushad , Longson Julie , Myszka Rickie , Park Kris , Low Gary K. K. , Leong Gary M. , Bhurawala Habib , Liu Anthony 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Adolescence is a challenging period for diabetes management, particularly when transitioning to adult care. There are reports highlighting concerns that transition to adult care may lead to poor glycemic control and clinic engagement. Our aim was to determine if a co-located pediatric and transition diabetes service would lead to better transition outcomes.

Methods
A retrospective medical records review was conducted on patients with type 1 diabetes attending a transition clinic in a metropolitan teaching hospital in Sydney, Australia. Patients referred from the hospital’s co-located pediatric diabetes clinic to the transition clinic were compared to those referred from external sources regarding important clinical outcomes such as glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), clinic attendances, and complication rates between referral sources. Confounders such as age, gender, duration of diabetes and socioeconomic status were considered.

Results
Data was collected from 356 patients of which 121 patients were referred from the co-located pediatric diabetes clinic (IRG) and 235 patients from external sources (ERG). Improvements in HbA1c were only seen in the ERG at 6 and 12 months (p<0.001). Altogether 93% attended one or more medical appointments in the IRG compared to 83% in the ERG (p=0.03). There were more admissions for acute diabetes complications (17 vs. 8%, p=0.01) and more microvascular complications (20 vs. 9%, p<0.01) in the IRG vs. ERG group.

Conclusions
Although co-location of a pediatric and transition clinic improved medical engagement, this did not equate to better glycemic control or complication rates. Further research is warranted to determine what other strategies are required to optimise the transition process in diabetes care.
Atypical symptoms of malignant hyperthermia: A rare causative mutation in the RYR1 gene
Authors: Wang Qiao Ling , Fang Yu , Jin Shuo Guo , Liang Jing Tao , Ren Yi Feng 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is an autosomal dominant genetic condition of the skeletal muscle triggered by inhaled general anesthetic agents or succinylcholine and associated with a hypermetabolic state and skeletal muscle rigidity. Tachycardia, increased carbon dioxide production, hypercarbia, hyperthermia, acidosis, hyperkalemia, cardiac arrhythmias, muscle rigidity, and rhabdomyolysis are common symptoms of MH. As the progression of the syndrome could be rapid or less evident, even experienced physicians have difficulty in diagnosing MH, which can lead to delays in treatment and increased mortality. We report a rare case of a 36-year-old man, who underwent open reduction and internal fixation of the left clavicle after inhaled anesthetics. The patient developed dyspnea, hypotension, unremitting hyperthermia, tachycardia, and elevated serum myoglobin, and finally died of pyemia and disseminated intravascular coagulation. We reviewed the process of disease development, summarized the steps of diagnosis, and improved genetic testing. Exome sequencing revealed a new mutation c.8519G>A (p.arg2840 GLN) in the RYR1 gene that could be associated with MH. The gene mutation was also found in his daughter’s genetic test. This case emphasized the importance of the awareness of MH and its atypical clinical symptoms. The presence of dyspnea, hypotension, unremitting hyperthermia, tachycardia, and raised myoglobin in serum might further strengthen the clinical diagnosis of suspected MH.
Study on fault identification of mechanical dynamic nonlinear transmission system
Authors: Guo Erfu , Jagota Vishal , Makhatha Mamookho Elizabeth , Kumar Pawan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
To solve the problems of large mechanical powertrain such as complex structure, serious accident, strong nonlinear characteristics of running state, bad operating environment, non-Gaussian noise, and various uncertain factors, it is difficult to make an accurate fault diagnosis. This paper proposes a method for dealing with nonlinear characteristics using nuclear waves, as well as a system, deeply conducted nuclear base fault feature extraction, classification, and decision making, such as nuclear base state trend prediction technology research, focusing on exploring and improving the accuracy of fault diagnosis under nonlinear conditions, technical method, and way to state prediction accuracy. It offers effective technical assistance for the advancement and use of mechanical power train monitoring and diagnosis technology. A fault detection method based on kernel method is proposed. Based on the characteristics of this method in dealing with nonlinear problems, the research on kernel feature extraction, kernel fault classification and decision making, and kernel state trend prediction are carried out systematically. The experimental results show that the simulation analysis of typical chaotic time series prediction and the application of the operation state prediction of a certain ship main steam turbine unit have achieved good results, among which the average relative error of the single-step prediction of the unit state is 1.7881%, and the average relative error of the 30-step prediction is 3.3983%. Proved that the nuclear methods systematically applied to mechanical power transmission system fault diagnosis and state prediction, effectively enhancing some traditional methods and techniques dealing with nonlinear feature extraction, the nonlinear prediction capability for fault identification, and nonlinear state, to deal with nonlinear fault diagnosis problems of engineering practice, a large number of explored effective solution.
Research on logistics management layout optimization and real-time application based on nonlinear programming
Authors: Zhang Yanqi , Kou Xiaofei , Song Zhigang , Fan Yuqing , Usman Mohammed , Jagota Vishal 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
To solve the problem of long logistics delivery time in supply chain, a Mixed Integer Non-linear Program (MINLP) model is built by using Mixed Integer nonlinear programming theory. Firstly, the General algebraic modeling system (GAMS) is used to build the model to fully integrate each parameter of logistics transportation, the total distribution time of the supply chain network, the coverage radius of the logistics base, the number of users, the total capacity of the logistics base, the mode of railway and road transportation, the nonlinear programming model is built and solved by DICOPT solver in GAMS. The cost of logistics can be decreased, transportation time can be reduced, and the logistics system's operating efficiency can be increased in the long term with the help of this algorithm. The proper operation of the logistics system is critical in encouraging the supply chain circulation of various industries and has a direct impact on the society's economic development. The optimal logistics distribution plan with 5 logistics bases covered users of 18 and railway capacity of 2. With the same railway capacity and the same total budget, the larger the number of covered users, the greater the total distribution time increases, but the larger the total budget, the growth of the total distribution time slows down significantly. Experiments show that MINLP model can solve the problem of logistics-based layout optimization in nonlinear logistics management.
Numerical and experimental analysis of the cavitation and study of flow characteristics in ball valve
Authors: Yousaf Bilal , Qaisrani Mumtaz A. , Ijaz Khan Muhammad , Sana Ullah Sahar Muhammad , Tahir Waqas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCavitation in ball valve was numerically investigated using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling and then validated against results gained through experiments. The experiment was carried out in an assembly unit of the automotive industry to analyze flow patterns. The effect of bubbles on other thermophysical properties of the fluid was also examined using the multiphasek-ϵviscous model in ANSYS FLUENT. The impact of changes in inlet pressure on vapor fraction was visualized through simulations and validated against experimental data, cavitation was calculated via cavitation index equation. It was observed that cavitation values ranged from 0.51 to 0.84 through computational fluid dynamics and from 0.46 to 0.80 in the experiment. Moreover, fluctuations in Turbulence Kinetic Energy (TKE) in the fluid through the boundary layers in the valve region, deformation in fluid particles in the form of Strain Rate (SR), and variations in the value of Wall Shear Stress (WSS) of the valve's internal walls were also studied through numerical simulations. The results show the pressure just before the valve drops and result in cavitation. Besides, turbulence kinetic energy, shear stress on the walls of a valve, strain rate, and fluid velocity were gradually increased at inlet pressure resulting erosion in the ball valve.