bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum nesfatin‐1 level in men with diabetes and erectile dysfunction correlates with generalized anxiety disorder‐7: A prospective comparative study
Authors: Ragab Ahmed , Ahmed Mahmoud Hassan , Reda Sayed Ahmed , EldinAbdelbary Dalia Adel Kamal , GamalEl Din Sameh Fayek 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundCurrent studies have suggested a close link between nesfatin‐1, an appetite‐related neuropeptide and gonadal hormones.ObjectivesWe investigated the association between nesfatin‐1 serum level and erectile dysfunction severity in men with diabetes as well as the generalized anxiety disorder‐7 questionnaire, the patient health questionnaire‐9, serum testosterone, kidney and liver functions, glycated haemoglobin and lipid profile.Materials and methodsSeventy‐five participants between 30 and 60 years were enrolled, 25 erectile dysfunction patients with type 2 diabetes (group I), 21 with diabetes and preserved erectile function (group II) and 29 healthy controls (group III). Erectile dysfunction status and severity were determined by the Arabic version of the international index of erectile function‐5 for all the participants. Psychological wellbeing was checked by the generalized anxiety disorder‐7 questionnaire and the patient health questionnaire‐9. Finally, participants were evaluated for serum nesfatin‐1, serum testosterone, kidney and liver functions, glycated haemoglobin and lipid profile.ResultsSerum nesfatin‐1 levels were significantly lower in groups I and II compared to the controls. The international index of erectile function‐5 scores had shown significant correlations with serum nesfatin‐1, serum testosterone, generalized anxiety disorder‐7, patient health questionnaire‐9, diastolic blood pressure, glycated haemoglobin, triglycerides, creatinine and albumin/creatinine ratio. Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that serum nesfatin‐1 ≥ 0.62 ng/ml, serum testosterone ≥2.9 ng/ml, generalized anxiety disorder‐7 score ≥7.5, patient health questionnaire‐9 score ≥5, glycated hemoglobin ≥6.4%, triglycerides ≥ 144 mg/dl, creatinine ≥ 0.85 mg/dl and albumin/creatinine ratio ≥ 26.5 are useful predictors of erectile dysfunction in men with type 2 diabetes, and the area under the curve for those variables was respectively 0.83, 0.76, 1, 0.75, 0.88, 0.72, 0.67 and 0.77. Finally, a linear regression analysis revealed that generalized anxiety disorder‐7 was the only strong independent predictor of the international index of erectile function‐5 (p < 0.001).Discussion and conclusionNesfatin‐1 can be used as a biomarker for the severity of anxiety in erectile dysfunction patients with diabetes. Use of this molecule in treatment of diabetes and erectile dysfunction should be strengthened by larger studies. Psychiatric care must be offered to patients with diabetes and erectile dysfunction and low serum nesfatin‐1 as they experience intense anxiety and depression.
Compound impacts of extreme weather events and COVID‐19 on climate mobilities
Authors: Thalheimer Lisa 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWeather and climate‐related human mobility (climate mobilities) including displacement are often viewed as security concerns. The recent coronavirus (COVID‐19) pandemic adds yet another layer of complexity which calls for unpacking these connections. This paper explores how existing patterns of migration and displacement that are driven by climate change impacts are compounded by the ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic. First, the paper outlines the links between extreme weather events and human mobility to then explore how the impacts from COVID‐19 interact, cascade and compound pre‐existing vulnerabilities of people on the move. Examining the ways in which climate change is potentially driving or shifting patterns of climate mobility allows a shared understanding of this complex issue to be gained. This paper contextualises the compounding impacts with a geographical focus on Bangladesh, a well‐known climate hotspot. The paper contributes to the debates on impacts and human responses to climate change and concludes with a set of policy recommendations.
Using word embeddings to investigate cultural biases
Authors: Durrheim Kevin , Schuld Maria , Mafunda Martin , Mazibuko Sindisiwe 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWord embeddings provide quantitative representations of word semantics and the associations between word meanings in text data, including in large repositories in media and social media archives. This article introduces social psychologists to word embedding research via a consideration of bias analysis, a topic of central concern in the discipline. We explain how word embeddings are constructed and how they can be used to measure bias along bipolar dimensions that are comparable to semantic differential scales. We review recent studies that show how familiar social biases can be detected in embeddings and how these change over time and in conjunction with real‐world discriminatory practices. The evidence suggests that embeddings yield valid and reliable estimates of bias and that they can identify subtle biases that may not be communicated explicitly. We argue that word embedding research can extend scholarship on prejudice and stereotyping, providing measures of the bias environment of human thought and action.
Inverting passive margin stratigraphy for marine sediment transport dynamics over geologic time
Authors: Shobe Charles M. , Braun Jean , Yuan Xiaoping , Campforts Benjamin , Gailleton Boris , Baby Guillaume , Guillocheau François , Robin Cécile 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPassive margin stratigraphy contains time‐integrated records of landscapes that have long since vanished. Quantitatively reading the stratigraphic record using coupled landscape evolution and stratigraphic forward models (SFMs) is a promising approach to extracting information about landscape history. However, there is no consensus about the optimal form of simple SFMs because there has been a lack of direct tests against observed stratigraphy in well‐constrained test cases. Specifically, the extent to which SFM behaviour over geologic space and timescales should be governed by local (downslope sediment flux depends only on local slope) versus nonlocal (sediment flux depends on factors other than local slope, such as the history of slopes experienced along a transport pathway) processes is currently unclear. Here, we develop a nonlocal, nonlinear SFM that incorporates slope bypass and long‐distance sediment transport, both of which have been previously identified as important model components but not thoroughly tested. Our model collapses to the local, linear model under certain parameterizations such that best‐fit parameter values can indicate optimal model structure. Comparing 2‐D implementations of both models against seven detailed seismic sections from the Southeast Atlantic Margin, we invert the stratigraphic data for best‐fit model parameter values and demonstrate that best‐fit parameterizations are not compatible with the local, linear diffusion model. Fitting observed stratigraphy requires parameter values consistent with important contributions from slope bypass and long‐distance transport processes. The nonlocal, nonlinear model yields improved fits to the data regardless of whether the model is compared against only the modern bathymetric surface or the full set of seismic reflectors identified in the data. Results suggest that processes of sediment bypass and long‐distance transport are required to model realistic passive margin stratigraphy and are therefore important to consider when inverting the stratigraphic record to infer past perturbations to source regions.
A phase I study comparing the pharmacokinetics of the biosimilar (RD12014) with liraglutide (Victoza) in healthy Chinese male subjects
Authors: Zhou Ruirui , Guo Linfeng , Gao Xianglei , Wang Yijun , Xu Wenjing , Zou Yang , Li Wenjia , Zhuang Yulei , Liu Gangyi , Liu Yanmei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PKs), safety, and immunogenicity of the biosimilar (RD12014) compared to reference liraglutide (Victoza) in healthy Chinese male subjects, so as to provide the basis for the similarity evaluation of the two drugs. Eligible subjects were randomized 1:1 to two sequences (RD12014‐Victoza or Victoza‐RD12014). Subjects received a single 0.6 mg dose of Victoza or RD12014 by abdominal subcutaneous injection during the first period. After a 7‐day washout period, subjects received the alternative drug during the second period. Blood samples were collected at predefined timepoints for PKs and immunogenicity assessment. The primary PK end points were maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and area under the concentration‐time curve from time zero to the time of the last quantifiable concentration (AUC0−last). PK bioequivalence was achieved, if the 90% confidence intervals (CIs) of the geometric mean ratio (GMR) of Cmax and AUC0−last were within the range of 80.00–125.00%. Safety was assessed throughout the study. The 90% CIs of the GMR of RD12014 to Victoza for Cmax and AUC0−last were completely within the range of 80.00–125.00%. Thirteen treatment‐related adverse events (TRAEs) were reported in 11 subjects (22.4%) in the RD12014 group, compared to 12 TRAEs reported in 12 subjects (24.5%) in the Victoza group. The blood samples of 49 subjects were negative for anti‐drug antibody and the neutralizing antibody was not further detected. This study demonstrated PK similarity of RD12014 to Victoza in healthy Chinese male subjects. Safety and immunogenicity profiles were comparable between the two groups.
Prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time predicts poor short‐term prognosis in patients with acute pancreatitis: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yang Yuping , Du Shenshen , Yuan Weinan , Kou Yanqi , Nie Biao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIt is unclear whether activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) is predictive of survival in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP). Our study aimed to investigate the relationship between APTT and short‐term prognosis in AP. From the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)‐IV database, a total of 844 patients with AP were randomly divided into the training cohort (n = 591) and the validation cohort (n = 253) at a ratio of 7:3. Based on their APTT values, the patients were divided into the normal and high groups. The primary outcome of this study was 30‐ and 60‐day survival. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and Cox regression models were used to analyze associations between groups and outcomes. The training and validation cohort matched well on all parameters (p > 0.05). In terms of 30‐ and 60‐day survival, Kaplan–Meier survival curves from both training and validation cohorts demonstrated a lower survival probability for patients in the high APTT group than the normal group (log‐rank p < 0.05). In the training cohort, patients in the high APTT group had a statistically significantly higher risk of death than those in the normal group after controlling for possible confounders in Cox regression (p < 0.05). For the high APTT group, the hazard ratios (95% confidence interval [CI]) were 1.63 (95% CI 1.10, 2.61, p = 0.035) and 1.49 (95% CI 1.01, 2.38, p = 0.041), respectively. APTT performed as well as BISAP, Ranson, and APACHE II models in predicting 30‐ and 60‐day survival in patients with AP. The results above have been verified in the validation cohort. Prolonged APTT in patients with AP may increase the risk of short‐term death.
Periodic cycles of seizure clustering and suppression in children with epilepsy strongly suggest focal cortical dysplasia
Authors: Saito Yoshihiko , Sugai Kenji , Iwasaki Masaki , Atobe Mahito , Sato Noriko , Kakita Akiyoshi , Saito Yuko , Ohtsuki Taisuke , Sasaki Masayuki 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimWe investigated characteristic seizure patterns in epilepsy caused by focal cortical dysplasia (FCD), which differ from epilepsy by other aetiologies in surgical cases with lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), then examined if these features were applicable to patients with epilepsy without any lesions on MRI.MethodWe retrospectively studied clinicopathological features in 291 (143 females) children with epilepsy who had undergone resective surgery after comprehensive evaluation, including 277 cases with lesions on MRI (136 females, age at resection 0–17 years [mean 6 years 10 months, SD 5 years 7 months]) and 14 cases without any lesions on MRI (seven females, age 0–16 years [mean 7 years 8 months, SD 4 years 8 months]).ResultsAmong 277 patients with lesions on MRI, 87 cases exhibited recurrent periodic cycles of seizure clustering (≥5 seizures/day for ≥1 week) and suppression (no seizures for ≥1 week); of these, 80 cases (92%) were pathologically diagnosed with FCD. Other pathologies included glial scar, hippocampal sclerosis, hemimegalencephaly, and cortical tuber in three, two, one, and one case respectively. All 14 patients without any lesions on MRI had significant recurrent periodic seizure cycles and FCD histopathologically.InterpretationPeriodic seizure cycles characterized by clustering and suppression in patients with epilepsy strongly suggest the presence of FCD regardless of MRI findings, and comprehensive evaluations for epilepsy surgery should be proceeded.
Implementation of International Prognostic Index with flow cytometry immunophenotyping for better risk stratification of chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Giudice Valentina , Serio Bianca , Bertolini Angela , Mettivier Laura , D'Alto Francesca , Pezzullo Luca , D'Addona Matteo , Fumo Rosalba , Zeppa Pio , Gorrese Marisa , Selleri Carmine 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundCurrent chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) International Prognostic Index (IPI) stratifies patients based on clinical, molecular, and biochemical features; however, B‐cell markers also influence CLL outcomes. Here, prognostic roles of CD11c, CD38, and CD49d were first evaluated, and then an immunophenotypic score was combined with CLL‐IPI for risk stratification of CLL patients.MethodsA total of 171 CLL subjects were included, and surface marker expression was assessed by flow cytometry. Levels ≥30% were chosen as cut‐off of positivity to a marker; then values of 1 (for CD11c and CD38) or 3 (for CD49d) were assigned and scores determined for each patient's clone immunophenotype.ResultsCD49d positivity was significantly associated with simultaneous expression of CD11c and/or CD38, unmutated IGHV status, and higher β2‐microglobulin levels compared to those with CD49d negativity. Moreover, CD49d+ patients experienced a shorter progression‐free survival and time to treatment. When the immunophenotypic score was combined with CLL‐IPI, patients with high‐risk immunophenotype had a significantly lower time‐to‐treatment regardless CLL‐IPI.ConclusionsOur results suggested clinical utility of an integrated prognostic score for better risk stratification of CLL patients. These results require further validation in prospective larger studies.
Thromboprophylaxis for inpatient with advanced cancer receiving palliative care: A retrospective study
Authors: Al‐Ansari Ameena Mohammed , Abd‐El‐Gawad Wafaa Mostafa , AboSerea Sobhi Mostafa , Ali Ali Adli , Abdullah Maha Mohammed , Ali Fatma Abdel Shakor , ElShereafy Eman El Sayed , Bahnasy Mohamed Abd El Badie 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe benefits and risks of thromboprophylaxis usage in patients with advanced cancer at the end of their lives remain unknown, especially with the lack of randomized studies. This study aimed to describe the clinical use of thromboprophylaxis in those patients under palliative care.MethodsA retrospective cohort study. It was performed on patients admitted to the Palliative Care Center.ResultsA total of 719 patients were enrolled in the study. The mean age was 62.97 (13.65) years. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) incidence was 5.4% (n = 39). At the time of admission, 31.29% (n = 225) of patients were on thromboprophylaxis. At death time, 17.5% (n = 126) of patients were on thromboprophylaxis (41.3% on primary and 58.7% on secondary thromboprophylaxis). The incidence of clinically suspected fatal VTE was 6.5% (n = 47). Surprisingly, clinically suspected VTE was higher statistically in patients with thromboprophylaxis rather than in non‐thromboprophylaxis (p < .001). By using linear regression, only higher PPI scores on admission were independent negative predictors of length of stay (OR:4.429, 95% CI: 5.460–3.398, p < .001). The development of clinically suspected fatal VTE, whatever the status of thromboprophylaxis, did not affect the length of stay.ConclusionsThromboprophylaxis does not decrease the risk of clinically suspected fatal VTE in patients with advanced disease in their terminal phase. Patients with poor performance status and a short prognosis are unlikely to benefit from thromboprophylaxis.
Isatuximab plus carfilzomib and dexamethasone in relapsed multiple myeloma patients with high‐risk cytogenetics: IKEMA subgroup analysis
Authors: Spicka Ivan , Moreau Philippe , Martin Thomas G. , Facon Thierry , Martinez Gracia , Oriol Albert , Koh Youngil , Lim Andrew , Mikala Gabor , Rosiñol Laura , Yağci Münci , Cavo Michele , Risse Marie‐Laure , Asset Gaëlle , Macé Sandrine , van de Velde Helgi , Yong Kwee 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe presence of high‐risk chromosomal abnormalities [t(4;14), del(17p), and t(14;16)] has been linked with inferior outcomes in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). A prespecified interim analysis of the Phase 3 IKEMA study (NCT03275285) demonstrated that isatuximab (Isa) + carfilzomib (K) and dexamethasone (d; Isa‐Kd) significantly improved progression‐free survival (PFS) versus Kd in patients with relapsed MM. This prespecified subgroup analysis of IKEMA examined efficacy and safety in patients with high‐risk cytogenetics.MethodsHigh‐risk cytogenetics was assessed by central laboratory and patients were classified as high risk if abnormalities were present in ≥1 of the following: del(17p): 50% cutoff; t(4;14), and/or t(14;16): 30% cutoff.ResultsOf the randomized patients, 23.5% (Isa‐Kd) and 25.2% (Kd) had ≥1 high‐risk chromosomal abnormality. A PFS benefit was seen in favor of Isa‐Kd for patients with standard‐risk (HR 0.440; 95% CI 0.266–0.728) and high‐risk cytogenetics (HR 0.724; 95% CI 0.361–1.451). Grade ≥3 treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were more common with Isa‐Kd (85.7%) versus Kd (63.3%) in patients with high‐risk cytogenetics; however, the incidence of serious TEAEs (64.3% vs. 66.7%) was similar.ConclusionsIsa‐Kd is a new treatment option for the difficult‐to‐treat subgroup of patients with relapsed MM and high‐risk cytogenetics.
Loss of LEF‐1 expression as a diagnostic indicator for extranodal NK/T‐cell lymphoma: An immunohistochemical study of 88 cases
Authors: Qiu Cen , Du Guangye 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPurposeExtranodal natural killer (NK)/T‐cell lymphoma (ENKTL) is not a uniform entity but consists of various disease subtypes associated with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection. Lymphoid enhancer binding factor‐1 (LEF‐1), a member of the T‐cell factor/LEF family of transcription factors, plays a significant role in NK‐cell and T‐cell development. We aimed to explore the expression of LEF‐1 in ENKTL and evaluate the applicability of LEF‐1 in the diagnosis of ENKTL.MethodsThe expression of LEF‐1 was investigated in tissue samples harvested from patients with ENKTL by immunohistochemistry.ResultsLEF‐1 staining was not observed in 85 of 88 ENKTL cases (97%). Eighty‐six of the 88 cases (98%) were positive for CD56, whereas all the tested cases were negative for both CD16 and CD27. Of the cytotoxic T‐cell‐like features studied, 81 cases (92%) were negative for CD8, 85 of 88 cases (97%) were immunoreactive for the recombinant linker for activation of T cells (LAT), all (100%) were immunoreactive for TIA‐1, 85 (97%) were immunoreactive for granzyme B and 65 (74%) were immunoreactive for perforin.ConclusionLoss of LEF‐1 expression is a highly specific diagnostic indicator of ENKTL.
Venetoclax induces deep and durable minimal residual disease‐negative remission in high‐risk TP53 disrupted B prolymphocytic leukaemia
Authors: Chen Lucia Y. , Eyre Toby A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractB‐cell prolymphocytic leukaemia (B‐PLL) is an aggressive B‐cell lymphoproliferative disease with few clinically proven targeted treatments. Due to the rarity of the condition, there is a paucity of clinical trial data and none that involve targeted inhibitors. We present a unique case of relapsed refractory B‐PLL treated to a sustained minimal residual disease‐negative remission with venetoclax monotherapy, to add to the current evidence base and rationale for future studies using BCL‐2 inhibitors in B‐PLL.
Association of iron infusion reactions with ABO blood type
Authors: Butt Ayesha , Muradashvili Tinatin , Soliman Sara , Li Fangyong , Burns Adrienne J. , Brooks Andrea , Browning Sabrina , Bar Noffar , Borgman Gena , Goshua George , Hwa John , Martin Kelsey , Rinder Henry , Tormey Christopher , Pine Alexander B. , Bona Robert D. , Lee Alfred I. , Neparidze Natalia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesWe sought to determine risk factors for iv iron infusion‐related reactions (IRR), and identify strategies for iron repletion after IRR.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective chart review of patients treated in the classical hematology clinic at Yale Cancer Center (n = 330 consecutive patients) from 2016 to 2021, who received iv ferumoxytol (60.3%), iron sucrose (14.8%), or iron dextran (10.9%).ResultsThe iv iron IRR was noted in 58 (17.6%) patients, 62.1% of whom had previously tolerated iv iron. The severity of IRR was mild in 22, moderate in 23, and severe in 11 patients. Most (72.4%) patients who experienced IRR tolerated a subsequent iv iron infusion. On multivariable analysis, a history of non‐medication allergies was associated with greater odds of IRR (odds ratio [OR] 2.12, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.16–3.87, p = .01). No patients with type AB blood, and few with type A blood (n = 6), had IRR; compared to type A or AB together, patients with type B (OR 5.00, 95% CI: 1.56–16.06, p = .007) or type O (OR 3.71, 95% CI: 1.44–9.55, p = .007) blood had greater odds of IRR.ConclusionsThis study highlights a possible association of blood type with iv iron IRR; prospective studies with larger patient numbers are warranted to explore this association.