bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RISIKO AKTIVITAS PENANGKAPAN TRAMMEL NET NELAYAN ANGGOTA KUB HARAPAN KITA BINA NUSANTARA
Authors: Nugraha Ridwan Maulana , Purwangka Fis , Iskandar Budhi Hascaryo , Romli Muhammad 
Published: October 2022

Salah satu aktivitas penangkapan yang banyak dilakukan nelayan di Teluk Palabuhanratu menggunakan alat tangkap trammel net. Kegiatan penangkapan termasuk kegiatan dengan tingkat risiko yang tinggi. Pengkajian terhadap risiko pada kegiatan penangkapan trammel net perlu dilakukan sebagai upaya untuk mengurangi dampak dari risiko yang dapat terjadi kepada nelayan agar nelayan dapat melakukan upaya mitigasi untuk mengurangi bahkan menghilangkan dampak dari risiko yang mungkin terjadi pada aktivitas penangkapan yang dilakukan. Penelitian ini mengkaji risiko dalam tiga tahapan pra-penangkapan, penangkapan dan pasca penangkapan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan observasi langsung dan wawancara kepada nelayan. Pengolahan data dilakukan menggunakan metode Hazard and Operability Study untuk memetakan risiko dari setiap tahapan kegiatan. Risiko pada tahapan pra-penangkapan berkaitan dengan risiko bisnis dan peralatan. Risiko aktivitas penangkapan adalah risiko keselamatan, bisnis, kesehatan dan peralatan. Risiko pada aktivitas pasca penangkapan diantaranya risiko bisnis, peralatan dan keselamatan. Nelayan harus bisa melakukan upaya mitigasi risiko sebagai upaya untuk meminimalisir risiko yang muncul dari setiap kegiatan yang dilakukan.
Kata kunci: HAZOP, mitigasi, risiko, trammel net
Proses Pirolisis Untuk Mengkonversi Limbah Plastik Menjadi Bahan Bakar Minyak Menggunakan Penyaringan Adsorban (Arang dan Zeolit)
Authors: Cahyono Muhammad Sigit , Haryono Sri , Mandala Wirawan Widya 
Published: October 2022

<p><em>sebuah teknologi dekomposisi bahan organic pada suhu tinggi tanpa adanya oksigen. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui proses konversi sampah plastic menjadi bahan bakar minyak yang optimal dan memahami pengaruh penggunaan absorban arang dan zeolite sebagai media proses pemurnian minyak pirolisis. Percobaan ini menggunakan reactor dengan ketebalan 2 mm, diameter 60 cm dan ketinggian 55 cm. Proses pirolisis terjadi pada suhu </em><em>100-350<sup>0</sup>C</em><em> menggunakan plastic LDPE sebanyak 40 kg/proses. Lebih lanjut, pemurnian hasil minyak pirolisis dengan variasi adsorban arang dan zeolite dengan pengujianr nilai kalor, viskositas, dan titik nyala di dalam laboratorium. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa variasi penggunaan absorben arang dan zeolite berpengaruh terhadap parameter pengujian minyak pirolisis tersebut. Nilai kalor terbesar adalah </em><em>9576.9713 cal/gr</em><em> menggunakan</em><em>g </em><em>absorban </em><em>100% </em><em>arang</em><em>, </em><em>sedangkan viskositas terendah sebesar </em><em>47.5 cP</em><em> menggunakan </em><em>100% zeolit,</em><em> serta titik nyala tertinggi adalah </em><em>137 °C</em><em> menggunakan</em><em> 100% zeolit</em><em>.</em></p><h1 align="center"><em> </em></h1><h1 align="center"><em>Abstract</em></h1><p><em>Pyrolysis is a technological tool to process the thermal decomposition of organic materials at high temperatures in the absence of oxygen. The purpose of this study was to determine the conversion process of plastic waste in order to produce optimal fuel oil and to understand the significance of charcoal and zeolite adsorbents as a medium for the purification of pyrolysis oil. The study used a reactor with a thickness of 2 mm, with a diameter of 60 and a height of 55 cm. This pyrolysis process is carried out at a temperature of 100-3500C using LDPE plastic fuel of 40 Kg/process. Furthermore, purification of the pyrolysis oil using a variation of charcoal and zeolite adsorbants with parameters of calorific value, viscosity, and flashpoint results through laboratory tests. The results showed that the variation of the adsorbant structure of charcoal and zeolite stone as a medium for purification of pyrolysis oil products greatly affected the calorific value, viscosity, and flashpoint results. The highest average calorific value (9576.9713 cal/gr) using 100% wood charcoal, the highest average viscosity value (47.5 cP) using 100% zeolite, and the highest average flashpoint value (137 °C) using 100% zeolite.</em></p><p> </p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p>
Quantification of Residual Organochlorine Pesticides in Medicinal Plant Raw Materials Containing Terpenoids
Authors: Kopytko Ya. F. , Saybel O. L. , Burova A. E. 
Published: October 2022

An important indicator of the safety of plant raw materials and herbal medicinal products is the content of residual pesticides. Its determination is particularly difficult in aromatic plants characterised by a diverse composition of terpenoids co-extracting with organochlorine pesticides and forming numerous degradation products that interfere with the analysis.The aim of the study was to develop and validate an analytical procedure for the quantification of organochlorine pesticides in plant raw materials containing terpenoids, compliant with the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation.Materials and methods: the study analysed samples of morphologically different raw materials from 21 plant species containing terpenoids. The analysis was carried out by GLC-MS on a 450-GC gas chromatograph coupled to a 220-MS ion-trap mass spectrometer (Varian, USA) using a FactorFour VF-5ms quartz capillary column (30 m × 0.25 mm).Results: the authors developed the analytical procedure for organochlorine pesticides in medicinal plant raw materials containing terpenoids. Its specificity was confirmed by retention times and mass spectra for all the tested analytes. The recovery of pesticides was studied on model mixtures of a plant raw material and ranged from 70.04 to 99.27%. The authors established the linearity using a calibration curve for internal standard (4,4'-dibromodiphenyl) concentrations from 1.0 to 18.1 µg/mL. The procedure was linear across the entire studied range; the correlation coefficient equalled 0.999. The trueness and precision of the analytical procedure met the acceptance criteria.Conclusions: the analytical procedure has been put into use at the Testing Centre of VILAR. From 2018 to 2020, 63 samples of 21 types of medicinal plant raw materials were analysed and found to be corresponding to the safety requirements for the organochlorine pesticide content. Residual pesticides were detected in the medicinal plant raw materials in few sporadic cases.
Mathematical Prediction of the Efficacy of Medicinal Products in Preclinical Studies
Authors: Shreder O. V. , Bunyatyan N. D. , Goryachev D. V. , Subaev R. D. , Engalycheva G. N. , Kuznetsova A. D. , Kosenko V. V. 
Published: October 2022

Generally, preclinical studies of medicines conducted in accordance with national and international regulatory recommendations allow minimising the risks of detecting serious adverse events in patients at the stage of clinical trials. Nevertheless, current analytical trends motivate the development of new prognostic approaches aimed at improving the reliability and accuracy of safety assessments.The aim of this study was to develop and test methodological approaches to comprehensive preclinical assessment of the key risk factors associated with the use of medicinal products in humans and to mathematical prediction of the corresponding benefits and risks.Materials and methods: the study combined information analysis and statistics; it used consolidated preclinical data on the protective properties of fabomotizole and national and international regulatory documents describing the principles and methods of evidence-based medicine, in particular, Bayesian statistics and prognostic research methods.Results: The article presents mathematical approaches developed to confirm the statistical reliability and prognostic significance of the results of preclinical assessment of the safety of medicines, based on Bayesian statistics, in particular, the concepts of weight of evidence (WoE), information value (IV), and normalised density (ND). Depending on the volume of the evaluated data, the WoE can be used to determine the weight of evidence of single variables, as well as entire groups of variables from individual tests or whole test panels, considered in the studies of general toxic effects, reproductive toxicity, genotoxicity and other studies characterising the condition of vital organs when evaluating the safety of medicines.Conclusions: The developed methodology allows evaluating the entire volume of information obtained in preclinical studies of medicinal products. The criteria in the form of WoE and IV in preclinical safety assessment of medicines can be used to estimate the benefits and risks of using medicines, including the products developed specifically for children and pregnant women.
Development of source material for pea breeding through chemical mutagenesis and evaluation of its genetic diversity using SSR markers
Authors: Gainullina K. P. , Kuluev B. R. , Davletov F. A. 
Published: October 2022

Background. Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is a valuable leguminous crop of worldwide importance. The main problem of modern plant breeding is a decrease in the genetic diversity of crops, including pea. One of the ways to increase genetic polymorphism is the use of chemically induced mutagenesis. Sodium azide (NaN3) is a highly effective chemical mutagen successfully used in mutation breeding to increase the productivity of cultivated plants and enrich them with new useful traits. We used it to obtain new pea breeding material.Materials and methods. Experiments were carried out to obtain pea mutants using sodium azide at the concentrations of 1, 5 and 10 mM and the exposure time of 3 and 9 h. Molecular genetic polymorphism of the М2 plants and the original cultivar was assessed using 10 SSR markers from the microsatellite genomic library (Agrogene®, France).Results. Optimal concentrations of sodium azide and the duration of seed treatment with it were identified: 1–5 mM for 3 h. Sixteen mutant populations were obtained; in ten of them a change in the leaf type was found. An analysis of the yield structure components revealed a significant superiority (p < 0.05) over the initial cultivar ‘Pamyati Khangildina’ in the mutant populations No. 1, No. 5, No. 9, No. 10, No. 15 and No. 16 in the number of seeds per pod, No. 9 and No. 16 in the weight of 1000 seeds, and No. 16 in the weight of seeds per plant. A dendrogram constructed on the basis of the SSR analysis data showed the degree of differences between the M2 populations of pea plants and the initial cultivar ‘Pamyati Khangildina’.Conclusion. The obtained mutant populations are planned to be used in pea breeding as sources of high seed numbers in pods, seed yield, seed weight per plant, and large seed size. A microsatellite analysis with 10 SSR markers revealed differences among the M2 mutant populations at the genetic level and made it possible to identify them.
Characteristics of interline table watermelon F<sub>1</sub> hybrids according to the degrees of dominance and indices of true and hypothetical heterosis
Authors: Varivoda E. A. , Baibakova N. G. 
Published: October 2022

Background. Heterosis is one of the most important and promising plant breeding trends. Its development will make it possible to obtain hybrids with high adaptability and a high heterosis effect in their quantitative and qualitative characteristics.Materials and methods. The studies were carried out under dry conditions of the Volgograd Trans-Volga region in 2019–2020. Heterotic hybrids of table watermelon served as the research material, and hybridization and inbreeding as research methods. The heterotic F1 hybrid of watermelon Barkhan was used as the reference.Results. The characteristics of heterotic watermelon hybrids were compared with the parental forms and the Barkhan F1 reference. The length of the growing season in heterotic hybrids was inherited intermediately. In the average fruit weight, the reference was exceeded by the hybrids ChmsMt and ChmsFt by 1.1 kg. The highest average yield for the two years of research was observed in the F1 hybrids ChmsNts (24.3 t/ha), ChmsFt (24.1) and ChmsMt (23.1) (reference: 20.8 t/ha). The inheritance of fruit weight according to the principle of overdominance occurred in the F1 hybrids ChmsMk, ChmsRn, ChmsNts and ChmsMt. In their fruit weight, the same hybrids showed positive indices of hypothetical and true heterosis. The F1 hybrids ChmsFt, ChmsNts and ChmsIR demonstrated high degrees of dominance in yield (1.8 to 5.0%). The index of hypothetical heterosis had positive results in all studied heterotic watermelon hybrids. Negative true heterosis (–0.49%) was observed in two F1 hybrids, ChmsRn and ChmsPH. The remaining watermelon hybrids had positive true heterosis indices that ranged from 2.4% in ChmsIR to 11.06% in ChmsFt.Conclusion. As a result of the studies, heterotic hybrids of watermelon, developed on the basis of the sterile mother line Chms, were identified for high indices of true and hypothetical heterosis in fruit weight and yield parameters.
Genotypic variability in the functioning of photosystem II in leaves of covered and naked oats
Authors: Lisitsyn E. M. , Churakova S. A. , Batalova G. A. 
Published: October 2022

Background. Comparing the characteristics of primary photosynthetic processes in photosystem II (PSII) in the leaves of two oat (Avena sativa L.) subspecies will help to understand their genetic differentiation. Comparisons between naked and covered oats to assess the efficiency of energy flows within PSII and its relation to useful agronomic traits have not been previously made but can have an effect on their cultivation practices.Materials and methods. Two-week-old plants of 16 covered and 17 naked oat genotypes were assessed for rapid chlorophyll α fluorescence using a Fluor Pen FP 110/S fluorometer. Data on the yield structure were obtained in 2021. The data were processed statistically using descriptive statistics, correlation (Excel 2013) and cluster (StatSoft Statistica 10; Ward's method) analyses.Results. The groups of oat genotypes differed significantly in the absolute magnitude of adsorbed (ABS/RC) and trapped (TRo/RC) light energy flows, which were higher in naked oats (by 7.8 and 7.4%, respectively). The efficiency of electron transfer from plastoquinone QB to PSI in naked oats exceeded that in covered oats by 8.2%. For the whole set of genotypes, a statistically significant correlation of grain yield with the PIABS performance index (r = 0.403), light energy adsorption (r = -0.477) and its utilization at the reaction centers of PSII (r = -0.452) was manifested. The performance indices (PIABS and PIABS_total) positively correlated with part of grain in total biomass (0.571 and 0.418, respectively) and were higher in covered oats (by 28.2 and 21.9%, respectively).Conclusion. The existence of significant differences was shown between covered and naked oats according to six of the nine evaluated structural and functional parameters of the PSII leaf functioning. The results of the cluster analysis demonstrated the tendency to the grouping of genotypes by the presence/absence of grain hullness.
Russian translation of the International code of nomenclature for cultivated Plants
Authors: Chukhina I. G. , Miftakhova S. R. 
Published: October 2022

The International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants promotes uniformity, accuracy, and stability in the naming of agricultural, forestry and horticultural plants. It governs the nomenclature of such categories as Cultivar, Group and Grex, and provides stability in the rules of their naming avoiding or rejecting the use of names that may cause errors or ambiguities. The first edition of the Code was published in 1953. Currently, the ninth edition of the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants is relevant (International Code…, 2016).The first translation of the Code into Russian was made on behalf of the All-Union Botanical Society by Professor Ya.I. Prokhanov and published in 1957. The work on the Russian translation of the ninth edition of the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants was initiated by the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources. The scientific translation was carried out by I.G. Chukhina (VIR), S.R. Miftakhova (VIR), and V.I. Dorofeyev (BIN RAS). All parts of the Code, including the Preamble, Principles, Rules, Recommendations, Examples and Appendices, are published in the five issues of the Vavilovia journal.
Grain quality of spring wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) cultivars developed in Western Siberia under the conditions of Northern Kazakhstan
Authors: Utebayev M. U. , Shelaeva T. V. , Bome N. A. , Chilimova I. V. , Kradetskaya O. O. , Dashkevich S. M. , Novokhatin V. N. , Weisfeld L. I. 
Published: October 2022

Background. Environmental testing is the first stage of wheat breeding, the purpose of which is to identify wheat samples suitable for local environments and capable of forming a fairly stable yield and high-quality grain. The proposed study presents the test results for spring bread wheat cultivars of Russian breeding grown in arid environments of Northern Kazakhstan in order to preserve their yield and baking qualities.Materials and methods. The material of the study included 15 spring bread wheat cultivars. Protein and gluten content and the quality of gluten were determined using an infrared analyzer; the physical properties of the test were assessed using a Chopin alveograph and Brabender farinograph.Results. As a result of biochemical assessment, increased protein and gluten content and grain weight were observed in cvs. ‘Tyumenskaya 30’, ‘Aviada’, ‘Lutescens 585’, ‘Serebrina’, and ‘Tyumenets 2’. Dough deformation energy (W) characteristic of high-quality wheat and the balance in the P/L ratio (elasticity/elongation) were shown by cvs. ‘Tyumenskaya 33’ (290 a.u.; 1.15 P/L), ‘SKENT-3’ (307 a.u.; 0.89 P/L), and ‘Lutescens 585’ (374 a.u., 1.10 P/L). In laboratory baking, the volume of bread ranged from 620 ml (‘Tyumenskaya 27’) to 768 ml (‘Tyumenskaya 29’) with an average value of 707 ml. A baking quality analysis of the cultivars grown in the Northern Trans-Urals and Northern Kazakhstan demonstrated that the conditions in Northern Kazakhstan were more favorable for obtaining bread with an increased volume. On the basis of environmental tests and an assessment of a set of biochemical and technological indicators, cvs. ‘SKENT-3’ and ‘Tyumenskaya 29’ were selected. It makes sense to continue studying wheat cultivars that can be sources and donors of high-quality grain for the development of cultivars for the arid steppe of Northern Kazakhstan.
Analysis of the relationship between cotton fiber quality and weather conditions in the southeast of Stavropol Territory
Authors: Khodzhaeva N. A. , Podolnaya L. P. 
Published: October 2022

Background. Climate change leads to the worsening of cotton cultivation conditions in traditional cotton-producing countries, which, in its turn, can produce a positive impact on cotton cultivation in Russia. Assessment of the variability of fiber quality parameters in breeding lines and the effect of weather conditions in the east of Stavropol Territory will help to identify breeding trends and agricultural practices for this area.Materials and methods. The fiber produced in 2009, 2012, 2014, 2018 and 2019 by 30 breeding lines grown at Prikumskaya Experimental Breeding Station (Budennovsk, Stavropol Territory) was analyzed under the HVI system in Moscow and Kamyshyn. We compared the variability of fiber quality parameters by sampling over the years of research and conducted ANOVA and correlation analyses of the quality traits and temperature and rainfall indicators. Excel 2016 and Statistica 7 were used.Results and discussion. An analysis of the variability in individual fiber quality parameters showed that they reacted differently to changing weather; particularly sensitive were fiber strength and micronaire. A strong negative correlation was observed between these characters (r = –0.82), and they were most significantly affected by the temperature and precipitation in August. A hot and dry August contributed to the formation of fiber type 1–3, corresponding to the fiber of Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.), in plants with habitus and earliness of G. hirsutum L. Under relatively cool and humid conditions of 2009 and 2012, the fiber of most lines was typical for the upland type. Knowledge of the relationship between fiber quality and weather conditions during the fiber development period will help to predict the quality of cotton fiber in advance and prognosticate its utilization.
The use of drought resistance indices in the study of the spring bread wheat collection under the conditions of Aktobe Region
Authors: Kalybekova Zh. T. , Tsygankov V. I. , Zuev E. V. , Novikova L. Yu. 
Published: October 2022

Background. Due to the global climate warming trend, the breeding of new drought-resistant cultivars of spring bread wheat remains a priority task for Western Kazakhstan breeders. However, an increase in resistance is often accompanied by a decrease in genotype productivity, and searching for an optimal combination of these characteristics is a trend in contemporary plant breeding.Materials and methods. In 2017–2019, 175 spring bread wheat accessions from the collection of the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) and locally developed contemporary cultivars were studied under the conditions of Aktobe Agricultural Station. The field study was carried out according to VIR’s guidelines. To assess the drought tolerance of the accessions, the following indices were used: mean productivity (MP), stress tolerance (TOL), yield stability index (YSI), drought resistance index (DI), and stress tolerance index (STI).Results and discussion. Drought tolerance indices were calculated for all accessions using yield data in the driest (2019) and more favorable (2017) year. The total score of ranks for all indices was calculated for each accession. The total score correlated most strongly with the yield in an unfavorable year. As a result, 20 cultivars with the best total scores were identified, including 11 accessions bred in Aktobe Region, the reference cultivar, and promising accessions from other countries.Conclusion. The cultivars identified according to a set of indices are promising in terms of their use in breeding for drought resistance under the conditions of Aktobe Region. The proposed index system makes it possible to combine assessments of different drought tolerance aspects.
Pandemic makers: How citizen groups mobilized resources to meet local needs in a global health crisis
Authors: Browder Russell , Seyb Stella , Forgues Angela , Aldrich Howard 
Published: October 2022

<p>The enormous scale of suffering, breadth of societal impact, and ongoing uncertainty wrought by the COVID-19 pandemic introduced dynamics seldom examined in the crisis entrepreneurship literature. Previous research indicates that when a crisis causes a failure of public goods, spontaneous citizen ventures often emerge to leverage unique local knowledge to rapidly customize abundant external resources to meet immediate needs. However, as outsiders, emergent citizen groups responding to the dire shortage of personal protective equipment at the onset of COVID-19 lacked local knowledge and legitimacy. In this study, we examine how entrepreneurial citizens mobilized collective resources in attempts to gain acceptance and meet local needs amid the urgency of the pandemic. Through longitudinal case studies of citizen groups connected to makerspaces in four U.S. cities, we study how they adapted to address the resource and legitimacy limitations they encountered. We identify three mechanisms—augmenting, circumventing, and attenuating—that helped transient citizen groups calibrate their resource mobilization based on what they learned over time. We highlight how extreme temporality imposes limits on resourcefulness and legitimation, making it critical for collective entrepreneurs to learn when to work within their limitations rather than try to overcome them. </p>