bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants for late presentation of glaucoma among adult glaucomatous patients in University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. Case-control study
Authors: Belete Biruktayit Kefyalew , Assefa Natnael Lakachew , Assem Abel Sinshaw , Ayele Fisseha Admasu 
Published: April 2022

Introduction
Glaucoma is a disease which causes optic nerve damage and remains a major public health concern worldwide. Late presentation is a major risk factor for glaucoma induced blindness. The aim of this study was to assess determinants for late presentation of glaucoma among adult glaucomatous patients.

Methods
A hospital-based case-control study was conducted among 452 adult glaucomatous patients. Late presenters were glaucoma patients diagnosed with cup to disc ratio (CDR) > 0.8 and mean deviation of greater than -14 decibel in either of the eyes at their first presentation. Study participants were selected among glaucomatous follow-up patients by using systematic random sampling. Data were entered into EPI Info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 22 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was done to identify determinants. Variables with P-value < 0.05 were considered as statistically significant.

Result
The mean age of participants were 55.1 ± 13.2 years. Being > 60 years of age, 4.51 times (AOR: 4.51; 95% CI: 1.74, 11.67), resided > 53 km away from the hospital 6.02 times (AOR: 6.02; 2.76, 13.14), Presenting IOP > 30 mmHg, 4.49 times (AOR: 4.49, 95% CI: 2.10, 9.12), poor knowledge of glaucoma, 4.46 times (AOR: 4.46, CI: 2.62, 7.58) and absence of regular eye checkup, 2.35 times (AOR: 2.35, 95% CI: 1.09, 5.47) higher odds of being late presenter.

Conclusion
Increasing age, high IOP, poor knowledge of glaucoma, residing far away from the hospital and absence of regular eye checkups were significantly associated with late presentation.
Non-polyalanine repeat mutation in PHOX2B is detected in autopsy cases of sudden unexpected infant death
Authors: Ueda Atsushi , Osawa Motoki , Naito Haruaki , Ochiai Eriko , Kakimoto Yu 
Published: April 2022

Background
Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS), which is caused by PHOX2B with phenotypic variations, has a point of controversy: CCHS is putatively involved in autopsy cases of sudden unexpected infant death (SUID) including sudden infant death syndrome.

Objective
The relation of CCHS to SUID cases was investigated by extensive genotyping of PHOX2B.

Methods
We analyzed 93 DNA samples of less than one-year-old SUID cases that were autopsied in our department. Unrelated adult volunteers (n = 942) were used as the control.

Results
No polyalanine tract expansion was detected in the SUID cases. The allelic frequencies of repeat contractions and SNP (rs28647582) in intron 2 were not significantly different from that in those control group. Further extensive sequencing revealed a non-polyalanine repeat mutation (NPARM) of c.905A>C in a sudden death case of a one-month-old male infant. This missense mutation (p.Asn302Thr), registered as rs779068107, was annotated to ‘Affected status is unknown’, but it might be associated with the sudden death.

Conclusion
NPARM was more plausibly related to sudden unexpected death than expansions because of severe clinical complications. This finding indicates possible CCHS involvement in forensic autopsy cases without ante-mortem diagnosis.
Complex pain phenotypes: Suicidal ideation and attempt through latent multimorbidity
Authors: Song Kangwon , Brintz Ben J. , Wang Chen-Pin , McGeary Donald D. , McGeary Cindy A. , Potter Jennifer S. , Jaramillo Carlos A. , Eapen Blessen C. , Pugh Mary Jo 
Published: April 2022

Background
Given the relatively high rates of suicidal ideation and attempt among people with chronic pain, there is a need to understand the underlying factors to target suicide prevention efforts. To date, no study has examined the association between pain phenotypes and suicide related behaviors among those with mild traumatic brain injuries.

Objective
To determine if pain phenotypes were independently associated with suicidal ideation / attempt or if comorbidities within the pain phenotypes account for the association between pain phenotypes and suicide related behaviors.

Methods
This is a longitudinal retrospective cohort study of suicide ideation/attempts among pain phenotypes previously derived using general mixture latent variable models of the joint distribution of repeated measures of pain scores and pain medications/treatment. We used national VA inpatient, outpatient, and pharmacy data files for Post-9/11 Veterans with mild traumatic injury who entered VA care between fiscal years (FY) 2007 and 2009. We considered a counterfactual causal modeling framework to assess the extent that the pain phenotypes during years 1–5 of VA care were predictive of suicide ideation/attempt during years 6–8 of VA care conditioned on covariates being balanced between pain phenotypes.

Results
Without adjustment, pain phenotypes were significant predictors of suicide related behaviors. When we used propensity scores to balance the comorbidities present in the pain phenotypes, the pain phenotypes were no longer significantly associated with suicide related behaviors.

Conclusion
These findings suggest that suicide ideation/attempt is associated with pain trajectories primarily through latent multimorbidity. Therefore, it is critical to identify and manage comorbidities (e.g., depression, post-traumatic stress disorder) to prevent tragic outcomes associated with suicide related behaviors throughout the course of chronic pain and mild traumatic brain injury management.
Evaluating the Validity of Portfolio Assessments for Licensure Decisions
Authors: Wilson Mark , Hallam P J , Pecheone Raymond L. , Moss Pamela A. 
Published: April 2022

This study examines one part of a validity argument for portfolio assessments of teaching practice used as an indicator of teaching quality to inform a licensure decision. We investigate the relationship among portfolio assessment scores, a test of teacher knowledge (ETS’s Praxis I and II), and changes in student achievement (on Touchstone’s Degrees of Reading Power Test [DRP]). Key questions are the extent to which the assessment of teaching practice (a) predict gains in students’ achievement and (b) contribute unique information to this prediction beyond what is contributed by the tests of teacher knowledge. The venue for our study is Connecticut State Department of Education’s (CSDE) support and licensure system for beginning teachers, the Beginning Educator Support and Training (BEST) program (as it was implemented at the time of our study). We investigated whether elementary teachers’ mean effects on their students’ reading achievement support the use of BEST elementary literacy portfolio scores as a measure of teaching quality for licensure, using a data set gathered from both State and two urban school district sources. The HLM findings indicate that BEST portfolio scores do indeed distinguish among teachers who were more and less successful in enhancing their students’ achievement. An additional analysis indicated that the BEST portfolios add information that is not contained in the Praxis tests, and are more powerful predictors of teachers’ contributions to student achievement gains.
The Seduction of Femininity: A Critical Scrutiny of Oscar Wilde’s Salomé
Authors: Alaabed Abdullah Abdulhaq Hussien 
Published: April 2022

This study covers how the femme fatale image is constructed socially, literarily and culturally. The femme fatale character, which has been the target of works in a variety of literary and visual fields, including painting, writing, and film, from the nineteenth century to the present, incorporates conceptual lines that enable us to explore the gender regime and body policies of contemporary society. The construction of the femme fatale originated as a result of the patriarchal structure’s anxieties, fears, and reflexes toward female subjectivity, which has become more prevalent in public life as a consequence of modernization. Traditional ideological tools that associate women’s bodies with mystery, cruelty, and tragedy have been replicated as a result of the debates surrounding this image, and gender-based regulatory policies targeting women have been used to gain discursive legitimacy using these tools. In this regard, the femme fatale has been portrayed as a feminine-other who is negatively associated with patriarchal society’s gender regime. The dialogue between context and text will be used to analyse the plays. This research is historically contextualized by taking into account Victorian women's ideology. The historical and cultural context in which the femme fatale image originated was first analysed, and then the femme fatale representations in Oscar Wilde’s one-act play Salomé, which was created in this context, were studied from a feminist discourse as a sample. The current inquiry mirrors another dimension of women’s serious vicissitudes they had to put up with back then which imperceptibly laid the foundation for reawakening women all around the world of their natural and basic rights they have been deprives for centuries under patriarchy. The feminist theory will be utilized to examine Wilde’s play.
Phonotactically probable word shapes represent attractors in the cultural evolution of sound patterns
Authors: Matzinger Theresa , Ritt Nikolaus 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Words are processed more easily when they have canonical phonotactic shapes, i.e., shapes that are frequent both in the lexicon and in usage. We explore whether this cognitively grounded constraint or preference implies testable predictions about the implementation of sound change. Specifically, we hypothesise that words with canonical shapes favour, or ‘select for’, sound changes that (re-)produce words with the same shapes. To test this, we investigate a Middle English sound change known as Open Syllable Lengthening (OSL). OSL lengthened vowels in disyllables such as ME /ma.kə/ make, but more or less only when they became monosyllabic and when their vowels were non-high. We predict that word shapes produced by this implementation pattern should correspond to the shapes that were most common among morphologically simple monosyllables and disyllables at the time when OSL occurred. We test this prediction against Early Middle English corpus data. Our results largely confirm our prediction: monosyllables produced by OSL indeed conformed to the shapes that were most frequent among already existing monosyllables. At the same time, the failure of OSL to affect disyllables (such as body) prevented them from assuming shapes that were far more typical of morphologically complex word forms than of simple ones. This suggests that the actuation and implementation of sound changes may be even more sensitive to lexical probabilities than hitherto suspected. Also, it demonstrates how diachronic data can be used to test hypotheses about constraints on word recognition and processing.
Natural tyrosinase inhibitors from Betula platyphylla barks
Authors: Shu Peng-Hua , Zhang Hui , Li Nian-Ci , Zhang Jia-Long , Liu Guang-Wei , Yang Yuan , Zang Shuo , Cai Shu-Jing , Wei Xia-Lan , Sun Na , Xiao Fu-Gang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
During the process of searching for tyrosinase inhibitors from natural medicines, one new monoterpene rhamnoside (1) and 13 known compounds (2–14) were isolated from the ethanolic extract of Betula platyphylla barks by repeated column chromatography. These structures were identified by comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis such as high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectra (HR-ESI-MS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), optical rotatory dispersion (ORD) and acid hydrolysis. In vitro assay revealed that compounds 6, 7 and 14 showed obvious inhibitory activity against tyrosinase.
Diffusivities and atomic mobilities in the Ni-rich fcc Ni–Al–Cu alloys: experiment and modeling
Authors: Zhong Liang , Liu Yuling , Liu Huixin , Wen Shiyi , Wang Fei , Du Changfu , Min Qianhui , Premovic Milena , Zheng Zhoushun , Hu Jieqiong , Du Yong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The diffusivities along the whole diffusion path in one diffusion couple of Ni-rich fcc Ni–Al–Cu alloys at 1273, 1333 and 1433 K are obtained by means of the numerical inverse method. In total 12 diffusion couples are used to obtain the diffusivities at the intersections in the diffusion paths by the Matano–Kirkaldy method. Two sets of atomic mobilities are assessed using the CALTPP program based on the diffusivities calculated by the numerical inverse method and Matano–Kirkaldy method, respectively. The validity of the obtained atomic mobilities is confirmed by comparing the model-predicted diffusivities, concentration profiles and diffusion paths with the measured ones. The whole calculation by the numerical inverse method in CALTPP with higher efficiency can achieve the same accuracy as the Matano–Kirkaldy method. The present study demonstrates that one diffusion couple combined with the numerical inverse method can reliably assess the atomic mobilities for fcc Ni–Al–Cu alloys.
Thermodynamic modeling of the Bi–Ca and Bi–Zr systems
Authors: Gao Fengyang , Liu Yuling , Zhou Peng , Huang Dandan , Fu Taibai , Zhang Shuyan , Du Yong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In the literature, there are no reliable thermodynamic descriptions for the Bi–Ca and Bi–Zr systems. In the present work, by means of the CALPHAD (calculation of phase diagrams) method, the thermodynamic assessments of the Bi–Ca and Bi–Zr systems were carried out based on the available data. The Gibbs energies of the liquid, bcc and hcp phases in these two binary systems were described by the substitutional solution model with the Redlich–Kister equation, and the intermetallic compounds (αBi10Ca11, βBi10Ca11, Bi3Ca5, Bi2Zr, Bi1.62Zr, BiZr, Bi2Zr3, and BiZr2 phases) were treated as stoichiometric phases. A good agreement between the calculated results and experimental data is obtained for both systems. The presently obtained thermodynamic parameters for the Bi–Ca and Bi–Zr systems are of interest for the development of Bi-based alloys.
A new approach to representations of homothetic motions in Lorentz space
Authors: Ünal Doğan , Güngör Mehmet ali , Tosun Murat 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this study, Rodrigues parameters have been first calculated for a homothetic rotation around spacelike and timelike axis using one parameter homothetic motions in Lorentz 3-space

E
1
3

${\mathbb{E}}_{1}^{3}$

. The behavior of the vectors during the homothetic rotation, which is the increase or decrease (about size of one of the objects in motion) notion, has been investigated as a three dimensional shape with the help of Cinema 4D program. The behavioral differences have been observed on figures. Then, Lorentz motions that corresponding to the homothetic rotation matrices in terms of spacelike and timelike axes have been examined and expressed in

E
1
3

${\mathbb{E}}_{1}^{3}$

. Some definitions, theorems, corollaries and three dimensional figures have been given in Lorentz 3-space.
Rule-based or efficiency-driven processing of expletive there in English as a foreign language
Authors: Tamura Yu , Fukuta Junya , Nishimura Yoshito , Kato Daiki 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Although native speakers (NSs) of English make plural agreement in preverbal-subject sentences (e.g., A pen and eraser *is/are…), previous studies have demonstrated that they prefer singular – not plural – agreement between verbs and conjoined noun phrases (NPs) in expletive there constructions (e.g., there is/are a pen and an eraser…), showing efficiency-driven processing prioritization of agreement between nearest constituents. This paper assesses whether Japanese L2 learners of English (JLE) show this tendency. The results of two self-paced reading experiments together indicated that even though efficiency-driven processing was available to L2 learners, their use was unstable due to the repeated exposure to there are NPpl- and NPpl-type sentences during the task. It seems possible that repeated exposure triggered learners’ knowledge that conjoined NPs are always plural. Hence, it could conceivably be hypothesized that a learner’s specific knowledge intervenes the efficiency-driven processing strategy.
Miscommunicated referent tracking in L2 English: a case-by-case analysis
Authors: Ryan Jonathon 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
For second language learners, reference remains a frequent source of error and pragmatic infelicity, even at relatively advanced levels. While most errors will be readily accommodated by the hearer, on some occasions they result in fundamental misunderstandings about what has been stated. This paper presents a case-by-case exploratory study of 22 such miscommunications and explores the discourse conditions under which such otherwise routine errors became problematic. Data are drawn from elicited narratives by 20 high-intermediate English language learners of various language backgrounds and their L1 English interlocutors. The discussion focuses on the two most prominent issues identified: the conditions under which pronoun errors triggered misunderstandings, and the contribution of pervasive over-explicitness to referent introductions being mistaken for referent tracking.
State feedback based on grey wolf optimizer controller for two-wheeled self-balancing robot
Authors: Jasim Wesam M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The two-wheeled self-balancing robot (TWSBR) is based on the axletree and inverted pendulum. Its balancing problem requires a control action. To speed up the response of the robot and minimize the steady state error, in this article, a grey wolf optimizer (GWO) method is proposed for TWSBR control based on state space feedback control technique. The controller stabilizes the balancing robot and minimizes the overshoot value of the system. The dynamic model of the system is derived based on Euler formula and linearized to state space representation to enhance the control technique. Then, the GWO optimizes the state feedback controller parameters. Simulation results show that the system reaches the zero steady-state error with less than 2 ms, which proves the effectiveness of the proposed controller over the classical state feedback controller in terms of fast response, very small overall error, and minimum overshoot.
Power Density Analysis and Multi-Objective Optimization for an Irreversible Dual Cycle
Authors: Ge Yanlin , Shi Shuangshuang , Chen Lingen , Zhang Difeng , Feng Huijun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Considering the various irreversibility conditions caused by heat transfer and working processes in a dual cycle, the power density performance is optimized by applying finite-time thermodynamics theory, and multi-objective optimization is performed by using NSGA-II. The effects of cut-off ratio, maximum cycle temperature ratio, and various losses by heat transfer and working processes on the relationships between the power density and the compression ratio and between the power density and the thermal efficiency are analyzed. The thermal efficiency and engine size obtained under the conditions of maximum power output and power density are discussed. The results show that for a dual cycle, the heat engine has a smaller size and higher thermal efficiency under the condition of maximum power density. The cycle compression ratio and cut-off ratio are selected as decision variables, and the dimensionless power output, thermal efficiency, dimensionless ecological function, and dimensionless power density are selected as objective functions. Multi-objective optimization is performed with different objective combinations. The deviation indexes under the LINMAP, TOPSIS, and Shannon entropy approaches are discussed, and the number of generations when the genetic algorithm reaches convergence are obtained. The results show that the genetic algorithm converges at the 341st generation for the quadru-objective optimization, at the 488th generation for the tri-objective optimization, and at the 399th generation for the bi-objective optimization. When the bi-objective optimization is performed with dimensionless power output and dimensionless ecological function as the objective functions, the deviation index obtained based on the LINMAP approach is 0.1400, which is better than those obtained for other single- and multi-objective optimizations.
A proposal for gray to BCD converter using nonlinear ring resonators
Authors: Shirzad Samad , Kharammaslack Navvab , Hassangholizadeh-Kashtiban Mahdi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
An all optical Gray to BCD converters will be proposed and designed based on photonic crystals. The proposed structure is composed of one XOR gate and a buffer. The final structure consists of 6 optical waveguides and two nonlinear ring resonators. The nonlinear defects are made of doped glass with the Kerr coefficient of 10−14 m2/W. The rest of the structure was made of Si rods with the refractive index of 3.46. The maximum rise time for the proposed structure is 1 ps.
Fungal infection mimicking COVID-19 infection – A case report
Authors: Niemiec Aleksandra , Kosowski Michał , Hachuła Marcin , Basiak Marcin , Okopień Bogusław 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
For the last 2 years, one of the most frequent causes of respiratory failure is coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The symptoms are not specific. Imaging diagnostics, especially high-resolution computed tomography, is a diagnostic method widely used in the diagnosis of this disease. It is important to emphasize that not only SARS-CoV-2 infection may manifest as interstitial pneumonia. Other diseases such as other viral, fungal, atypical bacterial pneumonia, autoimmune process, and even cancer can also manifest as ground-glass opacities or consolidations in the imaging of the lungs. In this case report, we described a patient who manifested many symptoms that seemed to be COVID-19. However, all performed antigen and polymerase chain reaction tests were negative. The diagnostics must have been extended. Microbiological and mycological blood cultures and sputum cultures were performed. Blood cultures were negative but in sputum, Candida albicans and Candida glabrata were identified. Targeted therapy with fluconazole was implemented with a satisfactory result. The patient was discharged from the hospital in a good general condition with no complaints.
Nanostructured In3SbTe2 antennas enable switching from sharp dielectric to broad plasmonic resonances
Authors: Heßler Andreas , Wahl Sophia , Kristensen Philip Trøst , Wuttig Matthias , Busch Kurt , Taubner Thomas 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Phase-change materials (PCMs) allow for non-volatile resonance tuning of nanophotonic components. Upon switching, they offer a large dielectric contrast between their amorphous and crystalline phases. The recently introduced “plasmonic PCM” In3SbTe2 (IST) additionally features in its crystalline phase a sign change of its permittivity over a broad infrared spectral range. While optical resonance switching in unpatterned IST thin films has been investigated before, nanostructured IST antennas have not been studied, yet. Here, we present numerical and experimental investigations of nanostructured IST rod and disk antennas. By crystallizing the IST with microsecond laser pulses, we switched individual antennas from narrow dielectric to broad plasmonic resonances. For the rod antennas, we demonstrated a resonance shift of up to 1.2 µm (twice the resonance width), allowing on/off switching of plasmonic resonances with a contrast ratio of 2.7. With the disk antennas, we realized an increase of the resonance width by more than 800% from 0.24 µm to 1.98 µm while keeping the resonance wavelength constant. Further, we demonstrated intermediate switching states by tuning the crystallization depth within the resonators. Our work empowers future design concepts for nanophotonic applications like active spectral filters, tunable absorbers, and switchable flat optics.