bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Volume adaptation of neonatal cardiomyocyte spheroids in 3D stiffness gradient GelMA
Authors: Chin Ian L. , Amos Sebastian E. , Jeong Ji Hoon , Hool Livia , Hwang Yongsung , Choi Yu Suk 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPresent understandings of cardiomyocyte mechanobiology have primarily been developed using 2‐dimensional, monocellular cell cultures, however the emergence of 3‐dimensional (3D) multicellular cardiac constructs has enabled us to develop more sophisticated recapitulations of the cardiac microenvironment. Several of these strategies have illustrated that incorporating elements of the extracellular matrix (ECM) can promote greater maturation and enhance desirable cardiac functions, such as contractility, but the responses of these cardiac constructs to biophysically aberrant conditions, such as in the post‐infarct heart, has remained relatively unexplored. In our study, we employ a stiffness gradient gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel platform to unpack the mechanobiology of cardiac spheroids. We encapsulated neonatal rat cardiac cell spheroids in a 4.4–18.7 kPa linear stiffness gradient up to 120 h. We found the proportion of viable cells within the spheroids increased over time, but the cell number per spheroid decreased. Spheroids expand more in softer matrices while stiffer matrices promote larger nuclei without changing nuclei shape. Volume expansion came primarily from cells expressing vimentin. We did not observe any correlations between stiffness and mechanomarker expression, however we found that after 120 h post‐encapsulation, the localization of YAP, the localization of MRTF‐A and the expression of Lamin‐A was correlated with spheroid morphology. The same trends were not observed 24 h post‐encapsulation, indicating that volume adaptation can take a relatively long time. Our data demonstrates that cardiac spheroids are mechanosensitive and that their capacity to respond to ECM‐based cues depends on their capacity to adapt their volume with a 3D microenvironment.
Protein kinase C beta relieves autism‐like behavior in EN2 knockout mice via upregulation of the FTO/PGC‐1α/UCP1 axis
Authors: Song Xingyu , Hu Qibo , Xu Xiaoheng , Pan Wei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIncreasing evidence suggests that disruption of neuron activity contributes to the autistic phenotype. Thus, we aimed in this study to explore the role of protein kinase C beta (PKCβ) in the regulation of neuron activity in an autism model. The expression of PKCβ in the microarray data of autism animal models was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Then, mice with autism‐like behavior were prepared in EN2 knockout (−/−) mice. The interaction between PKCβ on fat mass and obesity‐associated protein (FTO) as well as between PGC‐1α and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) were characterized. The effect of FTO on the N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modification level of proliferator‐activated receptor gamma coactivator 1‐alpha (PGC‐1α) was assayed. Following transfection of overexpressed PKCβ and/or silenced UCP1, effects of PKCβ and UCP1 in autism‐like behaviors in EN2−/− mice were analyzed. Results showed that PKCβ was downregulated in EN2−/− mouse brain tissues or neurons. PKCβ promoted the expression and stability of FTO, which downregulated the m6A modification level of PGC‐1α to promote its expression. Moreover, PGC‐1α positively targeted the expression of UCP1. PKCβ knockdown enhanced sociability and spatial exploration ability, and reduced neuron apoptosis in EN2−/− mouse models of autism, which was reversed by UCP1 overexpression. Collectively, PKCβ overexpression leads to activation of the FTO/m6A/PGC‐1α/UCP1 axis, thus inhibiting neuron apoptosis and providing neuroprotection in mice with autism‐like behavior.
Impact of the number of cryopreserved CD34+ cells in the infused blood grafts on hematologic recovery and survival in myeloma patients after autologous stem cell transplantation: Experience from the GOA study
Authors: Partanen Anu , Turunen Antti , Silvennoinen Raija , Valtola Jaakko , Pyörälä Marja , Siitonen Timo , Sikiö Anu , Putkonen Mervi , Sankelo Marja , Penttilä Karri , Kuittinen Taru , Mäntymaa Pentti , Pelkonen Jukka , Jantunen Esa , Varmavuo Ville 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundProspective data on the impact of CD34+ cell loss during cryopreservation and the amount of cryopreserved CD34+ cells infused after high‐dose therapy on hematologic recovery and post‐transplant outcome in multiple myeloma (MM) are scarce.Patients and methodsThis post‐hoc study aimed to investigate factors associating with CD34+ cell loss during cryopreservation and the effects of the infusion of a very low number (<1.0 × 106/kg, group A), low number (1–1.9 × 106/kg, group B), and optimal number (≥2 × 106/kg, group C) of thawed viable CD34+ cells on hematologic recovery, progression free survival, and overall survival after autologous stem cell transplantation among 127 patients with MM.ResultsIn group C, pegfilgrastim use (P = 0.001), plerixafor use (P = 0.039), and older age ≥ 60 years (P = 0.026) were associated with less loss of CD34+ cells during cryopreservation. Better mobilization efficacy correlated with greater CD34+ cell loss in group B (P = 0.013 and P = 0.001) and in group C (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001). Early platelet engraftment was slowest in group A (20 d vs 12 d in group B vs 11 d in group C, P = 0.003). The infused viable CD34+ cell count <1.0 × 106/kg seemed not to have influence on PFS (P = 0.322) or OS (P = 0.378) in MM patients.ConclusionsCryopreservation impacts significantly on the CD34+ cell loss. A very low number of graft viable CD34+ cells did not affect PFS or OS.
Understanding the extracellular vesicle surface for clinical molecular biology
Authors: Hallal Susannah , Tűzesi Ágota , Grau Georges E. , Buckland Michael E. , Alexander Kimberley L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid‐membrane enclosed nanoparticles that play significant roles in health and disease. EVs are abundant in body fluids and carry an array of molecules (proteins, lipids, nucleic acids and glycans) that reflect the identity and activity of their cell‐of‐origin. While the advent of high throughput omics technologies has allowed in‐depth characterisation of EV compositions, how these molecular species are spatially distributed within EV structures is not well appreciated. This is particularly true of the EV surface where a plethora of molecules are reported to be both integral and peripherally associated to the EV membrane. This coronal layer or ‘atmosphere’ that surrounds the EV membrane contributes to a large, highly interactive and dynamic surface area that is responsible for facilitating EV interactions with the extracellular environment. The EV coronal layer harbours surface molecules that reflect the identity of parent cells, which is likely a highly valuable property in the context of diagnostic liquid biopsies. In this review, we describe the current understanding of the mechanical, electrostatic and molecular properties of the EV surface that offer significant biomarker potential and contribute to a highly dynamic interactome.
Bone marrow biopsies: A hospitalist bedside procedure service 5‐year experience
Authors: Swartz Sheila , Puetz Joseph R. , Madenberg Devin , Voigt Lara , Cuzovic Nikola , Bielecki Matthew , Umpierrez De Reguero Adrian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundBone marrow aspiration and biopsies (BMAB) are a relatively frequent procedure needed in the inpatient setting, especially in a tertiary care center.ObjectiveProcedure‐focused hospitalists can provide an excellent option for doing inpatient BMAB. Here we present five years of experience with a hospitalist bedside procedure service (BPS) performing BMAB.DesignIn 2016, the BPS partnered with the oncology service to begin performing inpatient BMAB.Settings and ParticipantsWe evaluated internally collected data from the procedures performed by the BPS from 2016–2020.InterventionFrom 2015–2016, faculty members on the BPS team were trained by the oncology department to do a BMAB, which was then offered as an inpatient procedure by the BPS from 2016–2021.Main Outcome and MeasuresTotal number of BMAB performed, success rates, bleeding risk profiles of patients, rate of trainee participation, and complication rates.ResultsThe BPS performed a total of 432 BMAB from 2016–2021. Forty‐six (10.6%) were unsuccessful and required referral for CT guidance. Elevated bleeding risk was present in 88 (20.4%) of patients. Trainees assisted in 62 (14.4%) of the procedures.There was one complication (0.2%).
The transformational potential of molecular radiomics
Authors: Currie Geoffrey , Hawk K Elizabeth , Rohren Eric 
Published: October 2022

AbstractConventional radiomics in nuclear medicine involve hand‐crafted and computer‐assisted regions of interest. Recent developments in artificial intelligence (AI) have seen the emergence of AI‐augmented segmentation and extraction of lower order traditional radiomic features. Deep learning (DL) affords the opportunity to extract abstract radiomic features directly from input tensors (images) without the need for segmentation. These fourth‐order, high dimensional radiomics produce deep radiomics and are well suited to the data density associated with the molecular nature of hybrid imaging. Molecular radiomics and deep molecular radiomics provide insights beyond images and quantitation typical of semantic reporting. While the application of molecular radiomics using hand‐crafted and computer‐generated features is integrated into decision‐making in nuclear medicine, the acceptance of deep molecular radiomics is less universal. This manuscript aims to provide an understanding of the language and principles associated with radiomics and deep radiomics in nuclear medicine.
A novel plasma proteomic‐based model for predicting liver fibrosis in HIV/HBV co‐infected adults
Authors: Yuan Rui , Zhang Yongxi , Deng Liping , Yu Xingxia , Zhuang Ke , Chen Xiaoping , Cao Qian , Ping Haiqin , Ke Hengning , Gui Xien , Yang Rongrong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTo establish a plasma model to predict the risk of liver fibrosis in HIV/HBV co‐infected individuals. Quantitative liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry(LC‐MS/MS) was used to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in plasma collected from HIV/HBV co‐infected individuals with and without liver fibrosis. In total, 97 DEPs were identified, among which 11 were further validated as potential biomarkers, with immunoglobulin and complement components being the most common proteins. These markedly altered proteins were found to mediate pathophysiological pathways, including humoral immune response, complement and coagulation cascades, and complement activation. A visual logistic model, in which immunoglobulin heavy variable 3‐20 (IGHV3‐20), immunoglobulin heavy variable 1‐24 (IGHV1‐24), and macrophage colony‐stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) proteins were included, has been established to predict liver fibrosis in HIV/HBV co‐infected individuals. The preliminary conclusion showed that the combination of IGHV3‐20, IGFHV1‐24, and CSF1R is expected to become a predictive model for liver fibrosis in the context of HIV/HBV co‐infection and a further validation should be performed.
The Role of Fluorescent Angiography in Free Flap Reconstruction of the Head and Neck
Authors: Taghizadeh Farshid , Troob Scott H. , Wax Mark K. 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesHighlight the use of fluorescent angiography in free flap reconstruction of the head and neck. Qualify how fluorescent angiography can be selectively added to management paradigms for head and neck free flap reconstruction.MethodsRetrospective chart review of 993 free flaps completed from the time the SPY Elite® system first became available at our institution between September 2013, until August 2020. Cases that used the SPY Elite® system were grouped into three broad categories: evaluation during initial flap harvest while still attached to the donor site, evaluation after anastomosis in the head and neck area, and evaluation post‐operatively for questionable flap viability.ResultsThe SPY Elite® system was used in 64 cases. Forty flaps were evaluated intraoperatively during initial harvest and before anastomosis to the head and neck area. Of these, 20 had signs of poor perfusion of the entire skin paddle, 12 had large myogenous or skin flaps with questionable perfusion of the distal aspect, and 8 were evaluated for other reasons. In this group the use of SPY Elite® changed the management of the patient in 20 cases (50%). Ten flaps were evaluated intraoperatively after anastomosis to the head and neck to ascertain adequate flow to the entire flap. In this group management was changed in two (20%). Fourteen flaps were evaluated 3–5 days post operatively due to suspected failure of a component. In five cases (36%), the use of SPY Elite® determined management with either trimming or discarding the flap.ConclusionAssessment of flap perfusion via fluorescent angiography during initial flap harvest or when flap compromise is suspected post‐operatively can guide decision making in free flap reconstruction of the head and neck and can be added to existing planning and management paradigms.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 133:1388–1393, 2023
Effect of thermal oxidation on structural and tribological properties of MoS2 films
Authors: Çiçek Hikmet , Gözübüyük Özkan , Efeoğlu İhsan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study is to investigate the structural, mechanical and tribological behaviours of thermally oxidized MoS2 films. MoS2 coatings were deposited on D2 tool steel substrates using the closed field unbalanced magnetron sputtering method (CFUBMS). The thermal oxidation process was carried out at four different temperatures. Tribological properties were determined by pin‐on‐disc wear tests in the atmospheric environment. It was determined that thermal oxidation temperatures affected the chemical composition of MoS2 films, but did not cause any change in film thickness. The wear rates of the samples differed depending on the oxidation temperature and the applied load. The lowest wear rate was determined as 1.97 × 10−8 mm3/Nm in the oxidized film at 350°C. In addition, the highest hardness value was obtained as 655 HV in the film oxidized at 400°C, and the lowest coefficient of friction was obtained as 0.01 in the film oxidized at 350°C.
Histopathological evaluation of the R134a multipulsed spray cooling assisted 1210 nm laser lipolysis by the murine model in vivo
Authors: Xin Hui , Deng Chenggang , Zhou Hongmei , Sang Xuehao , Chen Bin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveOwing to the greater absorption affinity for lipo‐rich tissue than water, the 1210 nm laser is a promising candidate for transcutaneous lipolysis in the near‐infrared band. However, fat reduction is limited because laser therapy may yield thermal injury of normal tissue. A new protocol to incorporate multipulsed cryogen spray cooling is beneficial to improve the lipolysis effect, and the parameters of laser and cooling can be optimized via skin histopathological analysis.Materials and MethodsA murine in vivo model of inguinal tissue of SD rats was established to test the effectivity of transcutaneous lipolysis protocol by R134a multipulsed spray cooling assisted 1210 nm laser irradiation. Tissue response of lipolysis with/without cooling 10 days post the treatment was evaluated by histopathological analysis of skin samples stained with hematoxylin–eosin (HE), through which safe and effective parameters for lipolysis were determined.ResultsFrom histopathological analysis of the inguinal tissue of SD rats irradiated by the 1210 nm laser alone, the optimal durations are respectively 7 and 3 s (seconds) for low‐dosage (6 W) and high‐dosage (9 W) therapy, with pronounced lipolysis effect and minimum injury of skin tissue. The multipulsed spray cooling by R134a with a pulse duration of 10 ms (milliseconds), a pulse delay of 2000 ms, and a pulse number of 5 can be introduced to assist the 1210 nm laser therapy with a power of 9 W and a duration of 7 s to achieve desirable fat liquefaction while keeping the complete structure of skin tissue as well as esthetic‐related beneficial effects of hair removal and skin rejuvenation.ConclusionExcellent lipolysis effect can be achieved via R134a multipulsed spray cooling assisted high‐dosage 1210 nm laser irradiation with reasonably matched laser and cooling parameters. The protocol is as follows: Start MP‐CSC for one cycle, and then fire the laser with specific power and duration, while keeping MP‐CSC accordingly. This new protocol may promote the safe and effective clinical implement of transcutaneous laser lipolysis in body contouring.
Impact of microwave thermolysis energy levels on patient‐reported outcomes for axillary hyperhidrosis and osmidrosis
Authors: Grove G. L. , Togsverd‐Bo K. , Schwensen J. F. B. , Andersson N. W. , Nissen C. V. , Zachariae C. , Haedersdal M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveMicrowave thermolysis (MWT) is an emerging treatment for axillary hyperhidrosis reducing both sweat and odor. No prior studies have investigated and compared the different available energy settings of the MWT device. This study evaluated patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) for axillary hyperhidrosis and osmidrosis following MWT treatment with two different energy levels.MethodsTwenty adults with axillary hyperhidrosis and osmidrosis reported sweat on Hyperhidrosis Disease Severity scale (HDSS: 1–4) and odor on Odor scale (OS: 1–10), respectively, supplemented by overall Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI: 0–30). This was a prospective, randomized, patient‐blinded and intraindividually controlled study with 3 months follow‐up (FU). Randomization comprised MWT treatment of one axilla with a standard medium energy setting (energy level 3) and the contralateral axilla with a standard high energy setting (energy level 5).ResultsAt baseline, patients reported substantial sweat and odor, negatively affecting their quality of life. At 3 months FU, PROMs showed improved quality of life with significantly reduced odor and sweat. Overall DLQI was reduced from a median of 10 to 4, with a median 6.5‐point reduction (p = 0.0002). HDSS was reduced from a median of 4 to 2 on both sides, with a median reduction of 1 for medium energy level and 2 points for high energy level (p = 0.014). OS was reduced from a median of 8 to 3 for both energy levels, with a median reduction of 3.5 and 4.5 points for the medium and high energy level, respectively (p = 0.017). Local skin reactions were mild and transient, but slightly more pronounced following treatment with the high energy level.ConclusionMWT effectively improved patients’ quality of life, axillary sweat, and odor 3 months after on baseline treatment. Treatment with the high energy level presented a subtle but significant increase of efficacy based on PROMs for both sweat and odor. Patients were willing to accept a higher amount of temporary local skin reactions from a higher energy setting when experiencing greater odor and sweat reduction.
Photoinitiation Mechanism and Ability of Thioxanthone‐Based Versatile Visible Photoinitiators
Authors: Wu Qingqing , Guo Jingdong , Song Kunpeng , Xu Shansheng , Li Fushao , Deng Mingsen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe development of visible photoinitiating systems is attracting increasing attention due to their great applications in various fields. Three thioxanthone (TX) derivatives differing by their substituent groups are investigated as photoinitiators (PIs) for visible photopolymerization. They can be used as one‐component PIs to initiate free radical polymerization. Furthermore, a two‐component system with an iodonium can initiate cationic polymerization and hybrid polymerization and could make interpenetrating polymer networks synthesis. The high efficiency of these systems is found as being worthwhile for photocomposites preparations. Moreover, the mechanism of these TX derivatives is clarified using computational quantum chemistry, fluorescence quenching, steady‐state photolysis, cyclic voltammetry, and electron spin resonance spin‐trapping techniques.
Indirect stability of a multidimensional coupled wave equations with one locally boundary fractional damping*
Authors: Akil Mohammad , Wehbe Ali 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this work, we consider a system of multidimensional wave equations coupled by velocities with one localized fractional boundary damping. First, using a general criteria of Arendt–Batty, by assuming that the boundary control region satisfy some geometric conditions, under the equality speed propagation and the coupling parameter of the two equations is small enough, we show the strong stability of our system in the absence of the compactness of the resolvent. Our system is not uniformly stable, in general, since it is the case of the interval. Hence, we look for a polynomial decay rate for smooth initial data for our system by applying a frequency domain approach combining with a multiplier method. Indeed, by assuming that the boundary control region satisfy some geometric conditions, the waves propagate with equal speed, and the coupling parameter term is small enough, we establish a polynomial energy decay rate for smooth solutions, which depends on the order of the fractional derivative.
Heterochiral dipeptide d‐phenylalanyl‐l‐phenylalanine (H‐DPhe‐LPhe‐OH) as a potential inducer of metastatic suppressor NM23H1 in p53 wild‐type and mutant cells
Authors: Faheem Mir Mohd , Rahim Junaid Ur , Ahmad Syed Mudabir , Mir Khalid Bashir , Kaur Gursimar , Bhagat Madhulika , Rai Rajkishor , Goswami Anindya 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn recent years, significant progress has been made to the use‐case of small peptides because of their diversified edifice and hence their versatile application scope in cancer therapy. Here we identify the heterochiral dipeptide H‐DPhe‐LPhe‐OH (F1) as a potent inducer of the metastatic suppressor NM23H1. We divulge the effect of F1 on the major EMT/metastasis‐associated genes and the implications on the invasion and migration ability of cancer cells. The anti‐invasive potential of F1 was directly correlated with NM23H1 expression. Mechanistically, F1 treatment elevated p53 levels as validated by localization and transcriptional studies. In the NM23H1 knockdown condition, F1 failed to induce any p53 expression/nuclear localization, indicating that the upregulation in p53 expression by F1 is NM23H1 dependent. We also demonstrate how the antimetastatic potential of F1 is primarily mediated through NM23H1 irrespective of the p53 status of the cell. However, both NM23H1 and a functional p53 protein in conjunction govern the apoptotic and cytostatic potential of F1. Coimmunoprecipitation studies unraveled the augmentation of the p53 and NM23H1 interaction in p53 wild‐type cells. However, in p53 mutated cells, no such enrichment was evidenced. We employed mouse isogenic cell lines (4T‐1 and 4T‐1 p53) to determine the in vivo efficacy of F1 (spontaneous and experimental models). Decreased tumor volume in the cohort injected with 4T‐1 p53 cells demonstrated that while the antimetastatic potential of F1 was reliant on NM23H1, p53 activation was required for ablation of primary tumor burden. Our findings unravel that F1 treatment induces significant abrogation of the migration, invasion and metastatic potential of both p53 wild‐type and p53 deficient cancers mediated through NM23H1.