bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Hallux Valgus on Adolescent Ballet Dancer Balance and Health Related Quality of Life Scores
Authors: Kaya Ozcan , Kurt Irem , Ozkunt Okan , Sariyilmaz Kerim 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: It’s well known fact that Hallux valgus (HV) alternates foot biomechanics. In different populations HV and postural stability has been studied but HV and adolescent ballet dancer has not been studied. Aim of the our study is to explore affect of HV on adolescent ballet dancers’ balance. Also we wanted to explore health related quality of life of adolescent ballet dancers with HV.
Methods: Ballets aged between 8-16 years old has been screened prospectively. The dancers divided into two groups group 1;Ballets with HV and group 2; Ballets without HV. HV diagnosis was made clinically. Two groups were compared according to balance parameters and health related quality of life (HRQOL) questionaires.
Results: Group 1 was formed with 31 participants and group 2 was formed with 24 participants. All participants in both groups were female. Mean age in group 1 was 11.6 (8-16 years old) and 12.2 (8-16 years old) in group 2. Mean first metatarsophalangeal angle was 13.4° (10°-15°) in group 2 and 19.8° (16°-25°) in HV group respectively. A statistically significant difference was found according to the nonparametric Mann Whitney U test results in the comparison of HVA (Hallux Valgus Angle) between groups. According to Spearman Rho correlation analysis, it was determined that the increase in HVA caused deterioration in the static Flamingo test. (r=0.552 p=0.019). No significant relationship was found between HRQoL questionaries and the presence of HV. (p>0,05)
Conclusions: Adolescent ballet dancers experience static balance impairment due to HV angle increase. Clinical measurement of HV and application of balance parameters made easy without need of set ups to perform evaluation with high numbers of participants in concordance with literature.
Risk of heart disease following treatment for breast cancer – results from a population-based cohort study
Authors: Yang Haomin , Bhoo-Pathy Nirmala , Brand Judith S , Hedayati Elham , Grassmann Felix , Zeng Erwei , Bergh Jonas , Bian Weiwei , Ludvigsson Jonas F , Hall Per , Czene Kamila 
Published: March 2022

Background:There is a rising concern about treatment-associated cardiotoxicities in breast cancer patients. This study aimed to determine the time- and treatment-specific incidence of arrhythmia, heart failure, and ischemic heart disease in women diagnosed with breast cancer.Methods:A register-based matched cohort study was conducted including 8015 breast cancer patients diagnosed from 2001 to 2008 in the Stockholm-Gotland region and followed up until 2017. Time-dependent risks of arrhythmia, heart failure, and ischemic heart disease in breast cancer patients were assessed using flexible parametric models as compared to matched controls from general population. Treatment-specific effects were estimated in breast cancer patients using Cox model.Results:Time-dependent analyses revealed long-term increased risks of arrhythmia and heart failure following breast cancer diagnosis. Hazard ratios (HRs) within the first year of diagnosis were 2.14 (95% CI = 1.63–2.81) for arrhythmia and 2.71 (95% CI = 1.70–4.33) for heart failure. HR more than 10 years following diagnosis was 1.42 (95% CI = 1.21–1.67) for arrhythmia and 1.28 (95% CI = 1.03–1.59) for heart failure. The risk for ischemic heart disease was significantly increased only during the first year after diagnosis (HR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.03–2.04). Trastuzumab and anthracyclines were associated with increased risk of heart failure. Aromatase inhibitors, but not tamoxifen, were associated with risk of ischemic heart disease. No increased risk of heart disease was identified following locoregional radiotherapy.Conclusions:Administration of systemic adjuvant therapies appears to be associated with increased risks of heart disease. The risk estimates observed in this study may aid adjuvant therapy decision-making and patient counseling in oncology practices.Funding:This work was supported by the Swedish Research Council (grant no: 2018-02547); Swedish Cancer Society (grant no: CAN-19-0266); and FORTE (grant no: 2016-00081).
Inhibition of Connexin 43 reverses ox-LDL-mediated inhibition of autophagy in VSMC by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Qin Xuqing , He Wenjun , Yang Rui , Liu Luqian , Zhang Yingying , Li Li , Si Junqiang , Li Xinzhi , Ma Ketao 
Published: March 2022

Background
Oxidized low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDL) may induce foam cell formation from the vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) by inhibiting VSMC autophagy. This process accelerates the formation of atherosclerosis (AS). Connexin 43 (Cx43), which is the most widely distributed connexin in VSMC is associated with autophagy. However, the mechanism of action and the involvement of Cx43 in ox-LDL-inhibited VSMC autophagy remain unclear.

Methods
The primary VSMC were obtained and identified, before primary VSMC were pretreated with an inhibitor (Cx43-specific inhibitor Gap26 and PI3K inhibitor LY294002) and stimulated with ox-LDL.

Results
Ox-LDL not only inhibited autophagy in VSMC via downregulation of autophagy-related proteins (such as Beclin 1, LC3B, p62), but also increased Cx43 protein levels. Then we added Gap26 to VSMC in the ox-LDL+Gap26 group, in which autophagy-related proteins were increased and the accumulation of lipid droplets was reduced. These result suggested that an enhanced level of autophagy and an alleviation of lipid accumulation might be caused by inhibiting Cx43 in VSMC. The phosphorylation levels of PI3K, AKT, mTOR were increased by ox-LDL, thus down-regulating autophagy-related proteins. However, this situation was partially reversed by the Gap26. Moreover, Cx43 expression were decreased by LY294002 in ox-LDL-induced VSMCs.

Conclusion
Inhibiting Cx43 may activate VSMC autophagy to inhibit foam cell formation by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
Native to Nemesis: a cultural and environmental history of the Noisy Miner 1788 - 2019
Authors: Beggs Richard 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
1878: “…gallant little birds” (Wagga Wagga Advertiser)
1915: “… the carol of the magpie is eclipsed by the song of the miner” (Emu)
2004: “…the mafia of the bird world” (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)
2015: “I hate those f***in things” (RedditAustralia)
Through the 19th Century and the first half of the 20th Century, notwithstanding its role as an agricultural pest, the Noisy Miner Manorina melanocephala was considered with affection by colonial society. The species’ reputation has been severely damaged in recent decades, however, on account of its violent tendencies towards smaller woodland birds, including many of conservation concern. Aggressive exclusion of small woodland birds from potential woodland habitat by Noisy Miners was declared a Key Threatening Process under federal conservation legislation in 2014. Given that Noisy Miners, other woodland birds, and the post-ice age woodland environment have been co-evolving for at least 10 000 years, how did the natural competitive behaviour of Noisy Miners become an ecological problem? In this paper I review historical references to Noisy Miners and current research on the ecology of the species to construct a trajectory of change. Culturally, these changes include a shift in attitudes to the species from agricultural pest and popular native bird to a vilified, “overabundant” native species and nemesis of small woodland birds. Ecologically, changes have included an expansion in distribution and abundance of Noisy Miners. This has led to an increase in scale of the effects of Noisy Miner aggression on small woodland birds. The historical record contains many references to Noisy Miner aggression against other species, the first appearing within four years of the arrival of the First Fleet in 1788. Evidence that such aggression could affect the abundance and distribution of small woodland birds, however, appears only in the period after World War II. The changing ecological role of Noisy Miners, and the associated changes in cultural attitude to the species, appear linked to the loss, fragmentation and degradation of native woodland in eastern Australia since the introduction of European agriculture and urbanization. In particular, the change in ecological role of the Noisy Miner appears to be linked to the accelerated rates of deforestation in the post-war period. Such broadscale habitat modification has both benefitted Noisy Miners and exacerbated declines in woodland-dependent small birds.
Evaluation of ultralow‐dose computed tomography on detection of pulmonary nodules in overweight or obese adult patients
Authors: Guo Xiaowan , Jia Dezhao , He Lei , Jia Xudong , Zhang Danqing , Dou Yana , Shen Shanshan , Ji Hong , Zhang Shuqian , Chen Yingmin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the accuracy of pulmonary nodule (PN) detection in overweight or obese adult patients using ultralow‐dose computed tomography (ULDCT) with tin filtration at 100 kV and advanced model‐based iterative reconstruction (ADMIRE).MethodsEighty‐one patients with body mass indices of ≥25 kg/m2 were enrolled. All patients underwent low‐dose chest CT (LDCT), followed by ULDCT. Two radiologists experienced in LDCT established the standard of reference (SOR) for PNs. The number, type, size, and location of PNs were identified in the SOR. Effective dose, objective image quality (IQ), and subjective IQ based on two radiologists’ scores were compared between ULDCT and LDCT. The detection performances of radiologists based on ULDCT were calculated according to the nodule analyses. Logistic regression was used to test for independent predictors of PN detection sensitivity.ResultsBoth the effective dose and objective IQ were lower for ULDCT than for LDCT (both p < 0.001). Both radiologists rated the subjective IQ of the overall IQ on ULDCT to be diagnostically sufficient. In total, 234 nodules (mean diameter, 3.4 ± 1.9 mm) were classified into 32 subsolid, 149 solid, and 53 calcified nodules according to the SOR. The overall sensitivity of ULDCT for nodule detection was 93.6%. Based on multivariate analyses, the nodule types (p = 0.015) and sizes (p = 0.013) were independent predictors of nodule detection.ConclusionsCompared with LDCT, ULDCT with tin filtration at 100 kV and ADMIRE could significantly reduce the radiation dose in overweight or obese patients while maintaining good sensitivity for nodule detection.
Quantitative evaluation of upper limb ataxia in spinocerebellar ataxias
Authors: Kishimoto Yoshiyuki , Hashizume Atsushi , Imai Yuta , Nakatochi Masahiro , Yamada Shinichiro , Ito Daisuke , Torii Ryota , Nagano Yoshitaka , Fujimoto Hideo , Katsuno Masahisa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo quantitatively evaluate upper limb ataxia using a novel pen‐like sensor device in patients with spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) and to assess its validity, reliability, and sensitivity to disease progression.MethodsWe designed a cross‐sectional and longitudinal study of patients with SCA and healthy controls. Upper limb ataxia was evaluated using a device that measures the three‐dimensional position every 10 msec. Participants were instructed to move a pen‐like part of the device iteratively between two buttons. We evaluated the time, length, velocity, and variation coefficient of the stroke, and calculated the distortion index using the mean squared error. The following scales were also evaluated: Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA), the International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS), and the nine‐hole pegboard test. Subjects were followed 12 months after the baseline evaluation.ResultsA total of 42 patients with SCA and 33 healthy controls were enrolled and evaluated. For all ataxia indices measured using the device there were significant differences between healthy controls and patients with SCA. Among the ataxia indices, the distortion index showed the strongest correlation with the SARA and ICARS upper limb score (Pearson's r = 0.647 and 0.722, respectively). Test–retest reliability was high for most of the ataxia indices. In the longitudinal analysis, the distortion index showed high standardized response mean and adjusted effect size, regardless of disease severity.InterpretationOur study demonstrated that the distortion index is a reliable functional marker that is sensitive to longitudinal change in patients with SCA.
New approaches for the quantification and targeting of noradrenergic dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: David Michael , Malhotra Paresh A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThere is clear, early noradrenergic dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease. This is likely secondary to pathological tau deposition in the locus coeruleus, the pontine nucleus that produces and releases noradrenaline, prior to involvement of cortical brain regions. Disruption of noradrenergic pathways affects cognition, especially attention, impacting memory and broader functioning. Additionally, it leads to autonomic and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Despite the strong evidence of noradrenergic involvement in Alzheimer's, there are no clear trial data supporting the clinical use of any noradrenergic treatments. Several approaches have been tried, including proof‐of‐principle studies and (mostly small scale) randomised controlled trials. Treatments have included pharmacotherapies as well as stimulation. The lack of clear positive findings is likely secondary to limitations in gauging locus coeruleus integrity and dysfunction at an individual level. However, the recent development of several novel biomarkers holds potential and should allow quantification of dysfunction. This may then inform inclusion criteria and stratification for future trials. Imaging approaches have improved greatly following the development of neuromelanin‐sensitive sequences, enabling the use of structural MRI to estimate locus coeruleus integrity. Additionally, functional MRI scanning has the potential to quantify network dysfunction. As well as neuroimaging, EEG, fluid biomarkers and pupillometry techniques may prove useful in assessing noradrenergic tone. Here, we review the development of these biomarkers and how they might augment clinical studies, particularly randomised trials, through identification of patients most likely to benefit from treatment. We outline the biomarkers with most potential, and how they may transform symptomatic therapy for people living with Alzheimer's disease.
Obstacle avoidance and model‐free tracking control for home automation using bio‐inspired approach
Authors: Khan Ameer Tamoor , Li Shuai , Li Zhan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article proposes a control algorithm for obstacle avoidance and trajectory tracking for a redundant‐manipulator in smart‐homes. The redundancy provides dexterity and flexibility for the applications like picking, dropping, and transporting objects, tracking predefined paths while avoiding obstacles. The obstacle avoidance is one of the critical problems that need to be addressed. Our proposed algorithm, zeroing neural network with beetle antennae search (ZNNBAS), unifies these two problems into a single constrained optimization problem, which includes a penalty function to reward the optimizer on avoiding obstacles while tracking the reference trajectory. The penalty function is based on the principle of maximizing the minimum distance between the joints of the manipulator and the obstacles. Gilbert Johnson Keerthi (GJK) algorithm is used to calculate the distance between the manipulator and the obstacle as it uses the 3D geometry of the object and manipulator. To test the working of ZNNBAS, we simulated the model of the KUKA LBR robotic manipulator. We used two reference trajectories, that is, hypotrochoid and a character “M,” with an arbitrarily shaped obstacle. The simulation results show that ZNNBAS was able to trace the reference path while successfully avoiding the obstacle accurately.
Silver Clusters of Five Atoms as Highly Selective Antitumoral Agents Through Irreversible Oxidation of Thiols
Authors: Porto Vanesa , Buceta David , Domínguez Blanca , Carneiro Carmen , Borrajo Erea , Fraile María , Davila‐Ferreira Nerea , Arias Iria R. , Blanco José M. , Blanco Maria C. , Devida Juan M. , Giovanetti Lisandro J. , Requejo Félix G. , Hernández‐Garrido Juan C. , Calvino José J. , López‐Haro Miguel , Barone Giampaolo , James Andrew M. , García‐Caballero Tomás , González‐Castaño Diego M. , Treder Martin , Huber Wolfgang , Vidal Anxo , Murphy Michael P. , López‐Quintela M. Arturo , Domínguez Fernando 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLow atomicity clusters present properties dependent on the size, due to the quantum confinement, with well‐defined electronic structures and high stability. Here it is shown that Ag5 clusters catalyze the complete oxidation of sulfur to S+6. Ag5 catalytic activity increases with different oxidant species in the order O2 ≪ H2O2 < OH•. Selective oxidation of thiols on the cysteine residues of glutathione and thioredoxin is the primary mechanism human cells have to maintain redox homeostasis. Contingent upon oxidant concentration, Ag5 catalyzes the irreversible oxidation of glutathione and thioredoxin, triggering apoptosis. Modification of the intracellular environment to a more oxidized state to mimic conditions within cancer cells through the expression of an activated oncogene (HRASG12V) or through ARID1A mutation, sensitizes cells to Ag5 mediated apoptosis. While cancers evolve to evade treatments designed to target pathways or genetic mutations that drive them, they cannot evade a treatment that takes advantage of aberrant redox homeostasis, which is essential for tumor progression and metastasis. Ag5 has antitumor activity in mice with orthotopic lung tumors reducing primary tumor size, and the burden of affected lymphatic nodes. The findings suggest the unique intracellular redox chemistry of Ag5 may lead to new redox‐based approaches to cancer therapy.
Ferroelastic–Ferroelectric Multiferroicity in van der Waals Rhenium Dichalcogenides
Authors: Jeong Jaehun , Kim Hyeon‐Sik , Kwon Gihyeon , Jeong Kwangsik , Lee Hyangsook , Lee Ji Hye , Park Myunguk , Lee Changjun , Yu Sanghyuck , Kim Heegoo , Im Seongil , Yoo Kyunghwa , Lee Eunha , Cho Mann‐Ho 
Published: March 2022

Abstract2D multiferroics with combined ferroic orders have gained attention owing to their novel functionality and underlying science. Intrinsic ferroelastic–ferroelectric multiferroicity in single‐crystalline van der Waals rhenium dichalcogenides, whose symmetries are broken by the Peierls distortion and layer‐stacking order, is demonstrated. Ferroelastic switching of the domain orientation and accompanying anisotropic properties is achieved with 1% uniaxial strain using the polymer encapsulation method. Based on the electron localization function and bond dissociation energy of the Re–Re bonds, the change in bond configuration during the evolution of the domain wall and the preferred switching between the two specific orientation states are explained. Furthermore, the ferroelastic switching of ferroelectric polarization is confirmed using the photovoltaic effect. The study provides insights into the reversible bond‐switching process and potential applications based on 2D multiferroicity.
Near‐Infrared Light‐Driven Three‐Dimensional Soft Photonic Crystals Loaded with Upconversion Nanoparticles
Authors: Qiu Yaqi , Yang Yanzhao , Valenzuela Cristian , Zhang Xuan , Yang Mengyuan , Xue Pan , Ma Jiazhe , Liu Ziwei , Wang Ling , Feng Wei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEndowing advanced functional three‐dimensional (3D) nanostructures with remote and dynamic controllability is currently in the spotlight of soft‐matter photonics research. Herein, the near‐infrared (NIR) light‐driven reversible and dynamic photonic bandgap modulation of a soft photonic crystal, i.e., blue phase liquid crystals (BPLCs) with 3D nanostructures, is demonstrated through the integration of judiciously designed core‐shell upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and a novel axially‐chiral azobenzene‐based molecular photoswitch. The UCNPs exhibit high UV/vis emissions upon irradiations with 808 nm NIR light, and the intensity ratio of UV/vis luminescence can be facilely modulated through changing the excitation power. With the UCNPs as NIR‐to‐UV/vis light nanotransducers, the chiral molecular photoswitch shows reversible photoisomerization upon modulating the 808 nm NIR light intensity. Furthermore, NIR light‐driven BPLCs loaded with the photoswitch and UCNPs are demonstrated, in which the photonic reflection can red‐shift toward a longer wavelength under 808 nm light irradiation with high‐power density and the blue‐shift took place at lower power density with the same wavelength of light. This work may provide new insights into the large‐scale fabrication of 3D photonic nanostructures with tailorable functionalities toward emerging applications of soft‐matter photonics and future integrated communication technologies.
Electronic Topological Transition as a Route to Improve Thermoelectric Performance in Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3
Authors: Bai Feng‐Xian , Yu Hao , Peng Ya‐Kang , Li Shan , Yin Li , Huang Ge , Chen Liu‐Cheng , Goncharov Alexander F. , Sui Jie‐He , Cao Feng , Mao Jun , Zhang Qian , Chen Xiao‐Jia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe electronic structure near the Fermi surface determines the electrical properties of the materials, which can be effectively tuned by external pressure. Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 is a p‐type thermoelectric material which holds the record high figure of merit at room temperature. Here it is examined whether the figure of merit of this model system can be further enhanced through some external parameter. With the application of pressure, it is surprisingly found that the power factor of this material exhibits λ behavior with a high value of 4.8 mW m−1 K−2 at pressure of 1.8 GPa. Such an enhancement is found to be driven by pressure‐induced electronic topological transition, which is revealed by multiple techniques. Together with a low thermal conductivity of about 0.89 W m−1 K−1 at the same pressure, a figure of merit of 1.6 is achieved at room temperature. The results and findings highlight the electronic topological transition as a new route for improving the thermoelectric properties.
Association between unmanned aerial vehicle high‐throughput canopy phenotyping and soybean yield
Authors: Casagrande Cleiton Renato , Sant'ana Gustavo César , Meda Anderson Rotter , Garcia Alexandre , Souza Carneiro Pedro Crescêncio , Nardino Maicon , Borem Aluizio 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIdentifying agronomic traits correlated to grain yield can be very useful for soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] breeding, especially if these traits can be measured through unmanned aerial vehicle high‐throughput phenotyping rather than through manual measurements. The objective of the present study was to assess the association between canopy coverage and soybean grain yield through different statistical methodologies. A panel with 97 soybean genotypes was evaluated in two field experiments conducted in Paraná State, Brazil. Canopy coverage was determined by using an RGB camera coupled to a drone. Images taken during flights at phenological stages V3‐V4, V5‐V6, V7‐V8, and V9‐R1 were used to calculate canopy coverage based on the green pixel ratio in each experimental unit. There were significant genotype × environment interactions in all evaluated traits. Selective accuracy values (0.73–0.96) revealed indirect yield selection efficiency based on canopy coverage. High genetic correlation estimates (0.76) were observed between grain yield and canopy coverage at flowering in one of the assessed environments. These results were confirmed through genetic correlation coefficient decomposition in direct and indirect effects and of gain estimates presenting indirect selection. Thus, canopy coverage data remotely collected using drones to soybean indirect selection for grain yield can be a promising strategy to accelerate genetic gains in soybean breeding programs.