bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index and mental health problems in early adolescents from the 2004 Pelotas birth cohort
Authors: Quinte Gabriela Callo , Munhoz Tiago N. , Matijasevich Alicia , Santos Ina S. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPossible mechanisms by which maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) programs offspring mental disorders in late childhood are not fully clarified. To assess the association between maternal BMI and mental health problems at 11 years old, we used data from the 2004 Pelotas birth cohort which comprised 4231 newborns. Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI was analyzed as underweight (< 18.5), normal (18.5–24.9), overweight (25.0–29.9), and obesity (≥ 30.0). Mental health problems were assessed at the child’s age of 11 years by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, total difficulties score and subscale scores (emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention, and peer relationship problems), dichotomized into normal/borderline and abnormal category. The associations between maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and mental health problems in the whole sample and stratified by sex were estimated using crude and adjusted linear and logistic regression. Both linear and logistic regression showed that pre-pregnancy weight was associated with mental problems in early adolescents. Maternal pre-pregnancy obesity was associated with increased odds of total difficulty score among the whole sample. Boys whose mothers were pre-pregnancy overweight had higher odds of conduct problems (OR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.13, 1.95), when compared to children of normal pre-pregnancy weight mothers, even after adjustments. Maternal pre-pregnancy obesity was associated with mental health problems in early adolescents; specifically, pre-pregnancy overweight increased the risk for conduct problems in 11 years old boys.
Unraveling the multi-targeted curative potential of bioactive molecules against cervical cancer through integrated omics and systems pharmacology approach
Authors: Aarthy Murali , Muthuramalingam Pandiyan , Ramesh Manikandan , Singh Sanjeev Kumar 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMolecular level understanding on the role of viral infections causing cervical cancer is highly essential for therapeutic development. In these instances, systems pharmacology along with multi omics approach helps in unraveling the multi-targeted mechanisms of novel biologically active compounds to combat cervical cancer. The immuno-transcriptomic dataset of healthy and infected cervical cancer patients was retrieved from the array express. Further, the phytocompounds from medicinal plants were collected from the literature. Network Analyst 3.0 has been used to identify the immune genes around 384 which are differentially expressed and responsible for cervical cancer. Among the 87 compounds reported in plants for treating cervical cancer, only 79 compounds were targeting the identified immune genes of cervical cancer. The significant genes responsible for the domination in cervical cancer are identified in this study. The virogenomic signatures observed from cervical cancer caused by E7 oncoproteins serve as the potential therapeutic targets whereas, the identified compounds can act as anti-HPV drug deliveries. In future, the exploratory rationale of the acquired results will be useful in optimizing small molecules which can be a viable drug candidate.
H-ABC tubulinopathy revealed by label-free second harmonic generation microscopy
Authors: Alata Milvia , Piazza Valeria , Jaramillo-Restrepo Carla , Eguibar Jose R. , Cortes Carmen , Hernandez Victor H. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHypomyelination with atrophy of the basal ganglia and cerebellum is a recently described tubulinopathy caused by a mutation in the tubulin beta 4a isoform, expressed in oligodendrocytes. The taiep rat is the only spontaneous tubulin beta 4a mutant available for the study of this pathology. We aimed to identify the effects of the tubulin mutation on freshly collected, unstained samples of the central white matter of taiep rats using second harmonic generation microscopy. Cytoskeletal differences between the central white matter of taiep rats and control animals were found. Nonlinear emissions from the processes and somata of oligodendrocytes in tubulin beta 4a mutant rats were consistently detected, in the shape of elongated structures and cell-like bodies, which were never detected in the controls. This signal represents the second harmonic trademark of the disease. The tissue was also fluorescently labeled and analyzed to corroborate the origin of the nonlinear signal. Besides enabling the description of structural and molecular aspects of H-ABC, our data open the door to the diagnostic use of nonlinear optics in the study of neurodegenerative diseases, with the additional advantage of a label-free approach that preserves tissue morphology and vitality.
The effect of the very low dosage diltiazem on tacrolimus exposure very early after kidney transplantation: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Susomboon Teerada , Kunlamas Yotsaya , Vadcharavivad Somratai , Vongwiwatana Attapong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe objective of this study was to assess the effect of the very low dosage of diltiazem on tacrolimus exposure during the first week post-kidney transplantation, among cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A5 expressers who did not receive diltiazem (EXplb), CYP3A5 expressers who received the very low dose diltiazem (EXdtz), CYP3A5 nonexpressers who did not receive diltiazem (NEplb), and CYP3A5 nonexpressers who received the very low dose diltiazem (NEdtz). Forty kidney recipients who receive tacrolimus-based immunosuppressive regimen were randomly assigned, with stratification on the CYP3A5 genotypes, to receive either diltiazem 30 mg every 12 h or a matched placebo. The observed median dose-adjusted area under the 12-h curve of tacrolimus concentration (AUC/D) at day 7 post-transplantation was lowest in the EXplb group followed by EXdtz, NEplb, and NEdtz at 34.9, 43.6, 49.4, and 71.1 ng*h/mL per mg, respectively. A Kruskal–Wallis test showed a significant difference in the mean ranks of AUC/D among groups. Significant differences between EXplb and NEplb, and between EXplb and NEdtz were demonstrated, whereas no sufficient evidence of significant differences was detected between the other pairs. In conclusion, coadministration of diltiazem 30 mg twice daily may be advantageous for increasing tacrolimus exposure early after kidney transplantation among CYP3A5 expressers.
Genetic diversity of Brazilian Bacillus thuringiensis isolates with toxicity against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors: da Costa Fernandes Geysla , de Prado Costa Dalton Kaynnan , de Oliveira Nayanne Santos , de Sousa Emanuelle Cristine Pereira , Machado Déborah Heloísa Bittencourt , Polanczyk Ricardo Antonio , de Siqueira Herbert Álvaro Abreu , da Silva Maria Cleoneide 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBacillus thuringiensis (Bt) isolates native to Maranhão (BtMA) that are highly toxic to Aedes aegypti larvae and seven standard subspecies of Bt were analyzed for genetic diversity using the rep-PRC technique with BOX, ERIC, REP, MB1, and GTG5 markers. The rep-PCR technique is considered an extremely reliable, reproducible, fast and highly discriminatory technique that may be used even among populations of the same species. These five markers revealed a total of 38 polymorphic DNA fragments for 30 BtMA isolates. Eight groups were obtained with the dendrogram generated through Pearson's correlation analysis, with four groups formed only with BtMA isolates and four comprised of isolates of BtMA and the standard subspecies toxic to dipterans and lepidopterans. Despite the high genetic diversity of BtMA, a low correlation between the collection site, gene content and mortality against A. aegypti larvae was evidenced. The clustering of the standard subspecies of Bt that were toxic against dipterans with BtMA isolates confirm the mosquitocidal action of the native isolates from Maranhão, and they can be used as an alternative for A. aegypti control and other insects of medical importance and for the control of agricultural pests.
Foliar application of alpha-ketoglutarate plus nitrogen improves drought resistance in soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.)
Authors: Gai Zhijia , Liu Jingqi , Cai Lijun , Zhang Jingtao , Liu Lei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe aim of the present research was to understand the impacts of foliar nitrogen and α-oxoglutarate on proline accumulation, photosynthesis, and ammonium assimilation of soybean seedlings subjected to drought stress. The data in the present study demonstrated that foliar α-oxoglutarate and nitrogen significantly enhanced leaf glutamine synthetase (GS) activity, glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) activity, glutamate content, proline content, relative water content (RWC) and photosynthesis of soybean seedlings exposed to drought stress at each stage. Accordingly, the ammonium content was significantly reduced by foliar α-oxoglutarate and nitrogen. These results suggested that a combination of foliar nitrogen plus α-oxoglutarate had an advantage over either foliar nitrogen or foliar α-oxoglutarate in increasing the proline accumulation under drought stress and a combination of foliar nitrogen plus α-oxoglutarate could better mitigate the adverse impacts of drought stress.
Investigation of fullerene motion on thermally activated gold substrates with different shapes
Authors: Shamloo Amir , Bakhtiari Mohammad Ali , Tohidloo Mahdi , Seifi Saeed 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn the current study, the regime of motion of fullerene molecules on substrates with different shapes at a range of specific temperatures has been investigated. To do so, the potential energy of fullerene molecules was analyzed using the classical molecular dynamics method. C20, C36, C50, C60, C72, C76, C80, and C90 fullerene molecules were selected due to their spherical shapes with different sizes. In addition, to completely analyze the behavior of these molecules, different gold substrates, including flat, concave, the top side of the step (upward step), and the downside of the step (downward step) substrates, were considered. Specifying the regime of the motion at different temperatures is one of the main goals of this study. For this purpose, we have studied the translational and rotational motions of fullerene molecules independently. In the first step of the investigation, Lennard-Jones potential energy of fullerene molecules was calculated. Subsequently, the regime of motion of different fullerenes has been classified, based on their displacement and sliding velocity. Our findings indicated that C60 is appropriate in less than $$5\%$$

5
%

of the conditions. However, C20, C76 and C80 molecules were found to be appropriate candidates in most cases in different conditions while they were incompetent only in seven situations. As far as a straight-line movement is considered, the concave geometry demonstrated a better performance compared to the other substrates. In addition, C72 indicated less favorable performance concerning the range of movement and diffusion coefficients. All in all, our investigation helps to understand the performance of different fullerene molecules on gold substrates and find their probable application, especially as a wheel in nano-machine structures.
Birth order and pediatric traumatic brain injury
Authors: Omer Mazin , Posti Jussi P. , Gissler Mika , Merikukka Marko , Bärnighausen Till , Wilson Michael Lowery 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant problem of public health importance worldwide. Large population-based studies on the effect of birth order on health phenomena are exceedingly rare. This study examines the relationship between birth order and risk for pediatric TBI among sibling groups. We performed a retrospective cohort study following 59,469 Finnish newborns from 1987 until age 18 years. Data on first diagnosis of TBI was recorded within the 1987 Finnish Birth Cohort (FBC). Compared with first born siblings, later born siblings had an increased risk of TBI during the follow-up period (hazard ratio [HR] 1.02; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.91–1.14 for second born, HR 1.09; 95% CI 0.95 1.26 for third born, HR 1.28; 95% CI 1.08–1.53 for fourth or higher). When adjusted for sex and maternal age at child’s birth, HRs (95% CIs) for TBI during the follow-up period were 1.12 (0.99–1.26) for second born, 1.31 (1.12–1.53) for third born and 1.61 (1.33–1.95) for fourth born or higher children, respectively. Within this large register-based population-wide study, order of birth modified risk for pediatric TBI among sibling groups. Taken together, these study findings may serve to stimulate further inquiry into genetic, psychological, or psychosocial factors which underlie differences in risk and depth of effect within and between sibling groups.
A photosensor employing data-driven binning for ultrafast image recognition
Authors: Mennel Lukas , Molina-Mendoza Aday J. , Paur Matthias , Polyushkin Dmitry K. , Kwak Dohyun , Giparakis Miriam , Beiser Maximilian , Andrews Aaron Maxwell , Mueller Thomas 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPixel binning is a technique, widely used in optical image acquisition and spectroscopy, in which adjacent detector elements of an image sensor are combined into larger pixels. This reduces the amount of data to be processed as well as the impact of noise, but comes at the cost of a loss of information. Here, we push the concept of binning to its limit by combining a large fraction of the sensor elements into a single “superpixel” that extends over the whole face of the chip. For a given pattern recognition task, its optimal shape is determined from training data using a machine learning algorithm. We demonstrate the classification of optically projected images from the MNIST dataset on a nanosecond timescale, with enhanced dynamic range and without loss of classification accuracy. Our concept is not limited to imaging alone but can also be applied in optical spectroscopy or other sensing applications.
A statistical mechanics model for determining the length distribution of actin filaments under cellular tensional homeostasis
Authors: Ueda Yuika , Matsunaga Daiki , Deguchi Shinji 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTensional homeostasis is a cellular process whereby nonmuscle cells such as fibroblasts keep a constant level of intracellular tension and signaling activities. Cells are allowed thanks to tensional homeostasis to adapt to mechanical stress, but the detailed mechanism remains unclear. Here we address from a theoretical point of view what is required for maintaining cellular tensional homeostasis. A constrained optimization problem is formulated to analytically determine the probability function of the length of individual actin filaments (AFs) responsible for sustaining cellular tension. An objective function composed of two entropic quantities measuring the extent of formation and dispersion of AFs within cells is optimized under two constraint functions dictating a constant amount of actin molecules and tension that are arguably the two most salient features of tensional homeostasis. We then derive a specific probability function of AFs that is qualitatively consistent with previous experimental observations, in which short AF populations preferably appear. Regarding the underlying mechanism, our analyses suggest that the constraint for keeping the constant tension level makes long AF populations smaller in number because long AFs have a higher chance to be involved in bearing larger forces. The specific length distribution of AFs is thus required for achieving the constrained objectives, by which individual cells are endowed with the ability to stably maintain a homeostatic tension throughout the cell, thereby potentially allowing cells to locally detect deviation in the tension, keep resulting biological functions, and hence enable subsequent adaptation to mechanical stress. Although minimal essential factors are included given the actual complexity of cells, our approach would provide a theoretical basis for understanding complicated homeostatic and adaptive behavior of the cell.
Crystal structure of ChbG from Klebsiella pneumoniae reveals the molecular basis of diacetylchitobiose deacetylation
Authors: Lee So Yeon , Pardhe Bashu Dev , Oh Tae-Jin , Park Hyun Ho 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe chitobiose (chb) operon is involved in the synthesis of chitooligosaccharide and is comprised of a BCARFG gene cluster. ChbG encodes a chitooligosaccharide deacetylase (CDA) which catalyzes the removal of one acetyl group from N,N’-diacetylchitobiose. It is considered a novel type of CDA due to its lack of sequence homology. Although there are various structural studies of CDAs linked to the kinetic properties of the enzyme, the structural information of ChbG is unavailable. In this study, the crystal structure of ChbG from Klebsiella pneumoniae is provided. The molecular basis of deacetylation of diacetylchitobiose by ChbG is determined based on structural analysis, mutagenesis, biophysical analysis, and in silico docking of the substrate, diacetylchitobiose. This study contributes towards a deeper understanding of chitin and chitosan biology, as well as provides a platform to engineer CDA biocatalysts.
Resiliency constraint proactive scheduling against hurricane in multiple energy carrier microgrid
Authors: Ghasemi Ali Akbar , Gitizadeh Mohsen , Kamwa Innocent , Ghareghani Omid 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHurricane, as one of the most frequent natural events, causes damage to the infrastructure of the upstream networks of multiple energy carrier microgrids (MECMs). Thus, the supply continuity of critical loads is threatened due to sudden islanding of MECMs from the upstream networks. Therefore, providing a framework to enhance the resilience of MECMs against this threat is necessary. In response to this issue, this paper presents a proactive optimal operation scheduling approach that is constrained to the feasible islanding of MECM from the upstream networks as well as the continuous suppling of the critical loads until the return of the upstream networks. Proposed resiliency constraint proactive scheduling is formulated as a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) that considers the interdependence between all three electric, gas and heat networks. The demand responsibility of all three electric, thermal and gas loads is used to consider the satisfaction of the consumer beside economic and resilient operation. Furthermore, both normal operation and contingency‐based uncertainties are taken into account and captured using a robust optimization method. Then in order to evaluate the resilience of the MECM, feasible islanding and preparedness indices are proposed. Finally, the effectiveness of proposed approach is illustrated using an MECM test.
Vermehrtes Schwitzen
Authors: Dichtl Karoline , Nagersheth Kalyani , Fernkäse Uta , Mayer Arnold 
Published: August 2022

SummaryVier Experten stellen Behandlungsansätze bei vermehrtem Schwitzen mithilfe von Schüßler-Salzen, Ayurveda, TCM und TEM vor.
„Wer hat mir das Testosteron gestohlen?“
Authors: Miorin-Bellermann Juliane 
Published: August 2022

SummaryVerschiebungen von Hormonkonzentrationen können auch Männer betreffen. Die Folgen können je nach Schieflage unterschiedlich sein. Zu beachten sind auch Verhältnisse zwischen Hormonen. Im Fallbeispiel dieses Beitrags zeigen Messungen von Hormonspiegeln eines jungen Mannes Auffälligkeiten, die bestehende Symptome erklären können. Eine Therapie mit naturheilkundlichen Mitteln, angepasster Ernährung, mehr Bewegung und Aufarbeitung von Traumata kann die Symptome des Patienten deutlich lindern.
Osteoporose: Schlüsselgrößen Kalzium und Vitamin D
Authors: Krapf Peter 
Published: August 2022

SummaryOsteoporose führt zu einem zunehmenden Verlust an Knochenmasse und -struktur – und damit zu einem erhöhten Risiko für Skelettfrakturen und -schmerzen. Bei allen Betroffenen ist auf eine ausreichende Versorgung mit Kalzium und Vitamin D zu achten – bei hohem Risiko ergänzt durch spezifische Medikamente –, insbesondere durch Nahrungsmittel wie Fisch, Hartkäse, Milch, Brokkoli, Fenchel und Grünkohl sowie Substitution nach Bedarf. Naturheilkundliche Therapien wie Phyto-, Magnetfeld-, Laser-, Blutegel- und Mykotherapie können erheblich zur Schmerzlinderung, aber auch zur Knochenstabilität beitragen.
Männliche Depression – Mythos oder Realität?
Authors: Wüstel Jens-Michael 
Published: August 2022

SummaryEs wirft Fragen auf, warum die Prävalenz der Depression bei Frauen heute noch als viel höher gilt, während Männer sich wesentlich häufiger suizidieren. Wenn in Studien „männertypische“ Depressionssymptome wie Aggression und Substanzmissbrauch einfließen, verringert sich der Unterschied der Geschlechter. Männer, die traditionelle Männlichkeitsvorstellungen am stärksten verinnerlicht haben, scheinen besonders anfällig für Depressionen zu sein.
„Gendermedizin ist für Frauen und Männer gleichermaßen relevant!“
Authors: Seidl Hildegard 
Published: August 2022

SummaryWas bedeutet Gendermedizin und was nicht? Was ist Genderpflege? Wo gibt es noch Wissens- und Versorgungslücken? Was kann auch jede Heilpraktikerin und jeder Heilpraktiker tun, um diese Lücken zu schließen? Diese und weitere Fragen hat Dr. Hildegard Seidl, Fachreferentin für Gendermedizin und -pflege an der München Klinik, im Gespräch mit DHZ-Redakteurin Viktoria Konrat beantwortet.
Frauenherzen schlagen anders
Authors: Schmid Eva C. 
Published: August 2022

SummaryAufgrund ihrer durchschnittlich geringeren Körpergröße haben Frauen in der Regel ein kleineres Herz als Männer. Östrogene haben eine gefäßerweiternde Eigenschaft. So sind Frauen bis zu Menopause besser vor arteriosklerotischen Veränderungen der Gefäße geschützt. Ein Myokardinfarkt zeigt sich bei Frauen häufig anders.
Postoperative Central Cord Syndrome: Physiologic Decapitation in the PACU
Authors: Mock Sean M. , Harris Hannah , Kane Thomas , Dunford John 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCentral cord syndrome is a form of incomplete spinal cord injury appearing in the anesthesia literature primarily in trauma. Our institution recently managed a rare, life-threatening central cord syndrome following an uneventful anterior cervical discectomy and fusion which uniquely presented as respiratory depression progressing to quadriplegia. This patient's dramatic experience began nearly indistinguishably from more common etiologies of respiratory depression in the post-anesthesia care unit before blossoming swiftly into quadriplegia. We review the details of her presentation and pathophysiology with a message of vigilance to the anesthesia provider. Interpretation of her clinical exam and rapid intervention were key to preventing a lethal outcome. Central cord syndrome should be considered by anesthesiologists in the differential for respiratory depression following cervical spine surgery.