bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anthocyanins of Cotoneaster and Barberry1
Authors: Du C. T. , Francis F. J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The anthocyanin pigments in Cotoneaster divaricata Rehd. & Wils. berries are Pg- and Cy-3-galactoside. The pigments in Berberis thunbergii DC berries are Pg- and Cy-3-glucoside.
Horticultural Books: Publish-Your-Own
Authors: Childers Norman F. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
There seems to be a growing interest in the “publish-your-own” method of getting a book into print. Several ASHS members have asked me about the advantages and the problems compared with having the job done by a publishing company. I have been publishing my own books for over twenty years. There are some advantages, some disadvantages. Publishing any book in its first edition is a gamble.
Ecosystem Analysis for the Introduction of Integrated Pest Control
Authors: Fye R. E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Concern over pesticide pollution of the atmosphere and increased resistance of numerous species of insects to insecticides has caused entomologists to seek alternate means of control of pest insect populations. Recently the term “pest management” has been coined for the Integration of the various available control measures for pest populations into Systems that minimize the use of insecticides. New emphasis has been placed on the potential utilization of biological control agents for the control of pest populations. Basically, the following presentation will consider ecosystem analysis of the use of parasites and predators both in attempts to establish the agents as permanent, recurring controls and in inundative release attempts to replace insecticides on a short-term basis. The examples cited pertain mainly to two cotton pests, the pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders), and the bollworm, Heliothis zea (Boddie). The bollworm is a horticultural pest attacking corn, tomatoes, beans and a host of other crops; the pink bollworm is restricted to cotton. However, the concepts and the approach to the introduction of integrated control is similar, regardless of the crop under consideration. An analytical approach will be employed. However, a paralleling use of the data for the development of models for insect population dynamics is possible (20).
Stomatal Size in Induced Polyploids in Cucurbita1
Authors: Francis R. R. , Bemis W. P. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Increased stomatal size is a much used incidator to screen seedling populations for suspected polyploidy after treatment with colchicine. We have found this technique valid for distinguishing polyploidy in a number of species and interspecific hybrids of Cucurbita.
Rooting Stimulation of Poinsettia Stem Cuttings by Growth Regulators1
Authors: Beck G. R. , Sink K. C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Specific auxin-containing formulations which contained primarily indolebutyric acid (IBA), and/or napthaleneacetic acid (NAA) were most effective in promoting rooting of terminal stem cuttings of poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd.).
Height Control Methods for Poinsettia1
Authors: White J. W. , Holcomb E. J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Osmotic stress produced the shortest plant with smallest bracts of Euphorbia pulcherrima Klotzsch. Soil drenches with 3000 ppm chloromequat [(2-chloroethyl)trimethylammonium chloride] or 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 or 1.00 mg ancymidol (alpha-cyclorproylalpha, para-methoxyphenyl, 5-pyrimidineme-thanol) per 15 cm pot were the most effective chemical methods of poinsettia height control. Metering either chemical into the irrigation-fertilization system also showed promise. Foliar sprays with ancymidol at 45, 90, 135 or 180 ppm were the least effective in controlling the height of ‘Eckespoint Cl Red’ or ‘Dark Red Annette Hegg’ poinsettias.
Toxicity of Soil-Applied Herbicides to Shade Trees1
Authors: Neely Dan , Crowley W. R. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Seventeen commercial products containing 11 herbicides used to control weeds in lawns were tested at rates recommended by the manufacturers and at three times the recommended rate in plots of established white ash and pin oak trees for three consecutive seasons. Bandane, benefin, bensulide, 2,4-D, DCPA, DSMA, siduron, silvex, 2,4,5-T, and trifluralin were not phytotoxic but dicamba consistently caused phytotoxic symptoms especially at the high dosage. Tree species sensitivity to dicamba varied with rate of application, soil type, and amount of rainfall. White and blue spruce trees were readily killed; tulip trees, honey locust, pin oak, and linden trees suffered twig die back; walnut, ash, maple, and redbud trees suffered leaf distortion and red cedar trees were unaffected.
Inhibition of Vascular Blockage and Extension of Vase Life in Cut Roses with an Ion Exchange Column1
Authors: Sacalis J. N. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Effects of a mixed bed ion exchange resin column on vascular blockage and vase life were studied in cut roses (Rosa hybrida L. cv. Red American beauty) by measuring blockage rates in excised stem sections and by determining water uptake, fresh weight retention, and longevity of cut roses held in distilled water. The ion exchange column inhibited vascular blockage in excised stem segments. Water uptake and retention of fresh weight of cut roses were enhanced significantly by the ion exchange column treatment, and early wilting, known as “bent neck” was inhibited.
Linear and Separate Calibration Methods of Equating Continuous Assessment Scores of Public and Private Elementary Schools
Authors: OLANIGAN Nofisat Adeola , Adediwura Alaba Adeyemi , OGUNSANMI Olawale Ayoola 
Published: September 2022

This study determined the mean ability estimates of students in public and private secondary schools when their scores are equated through linear equating, and it examined which of the equating methods is more efficient. This study adopted a descriptive research design. The population for the study comprised 24,874 candidates that registered and sat for the 2016 June/July National Examinations Council (NECO) mathematics examination in Ogun State. A sample of 1139 candidates were selected from both public and private schools using the multi-stage sampling procedure. The research instruments used for the study were secondary data sources. The data was analyzed using Multidimensional Item Response Theory (MIRT), Separate and Linear Equation. The results showed that private school candidates’ ability score (x̅ = -0.001, SD = 0.961), (x̅= -0.001, SD = 0.961) was higher than public school candidates’ ability score (x̅= -0.865, SD = 1.058), (x̅= -0.626, SD = 0.970) when equated using separate calibration and linear equating methods respectively and that the difference observed in the ability estimate of examinees from public school and private school were significant (t 1138 = - 14.431, p 0.05) and (t 1138 = -10.876, p 0.05) when their scores were equated with each of the equating methods. However, the results showed that the linear equating method was more efficient.
Perspectives of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Reddit: Comparative Natural Language Processing Study of the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia
Authors: Hu Mengke , Conway Mike 
Published: September 2022

Background
Since COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020, the disease has had an unprecedented impact worldwide. Social media such as Reddit can serve as a resource for enhancing situational awareness, particularly regarding monitoring public attitudes and behavior during the crisis. Insights gained can then be utilized to better understand public attitudes and behaviors during the COVID-19 crisis, and to support communication and health-promotion messaging.

Objective
The aim of this study was to compare public attitudes toward the 2020-2021 COVID-19 pandemic across four predominantly English-speaking countries (the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia) using data derived from the social media platform Reddit.

Methods
We utilized a topic modeling natural language processing method (more specifically latent Dirichlet allocation). Topic modeling is a popular unsupervised learning technique that can be used to automatically infer topics (ie, semantically related categories) from a large corpus of text. We derived our data from six country-specific, COVID-19–related subreddits (r/CoronavirusAustralia, r/CoronavirusDownunder, r/CoronavirusCanada, r/CanadaCoronavirus, r/CoronavirusUK, and r/coronavirusus). We used topic modeling methods to investigate and compare topics of concern for each country.

Results
Our consolidated Reddit data set consisted of 84,229 initiating posts and 1,094,853 associated comments collected between February and November 2020 for the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia. The volume of posting in COVID-19–related subreddits declined consistently across all four countries during the study period (February 2020 to November 2020). During lockdown events, the volume of posts peaked. The UK and Australian subreddits contained much more evidence-based policy discussion than the US or Canadian subreddits.

Conclusions
This study provides evidence to support the contention that there are key differences between salient topics discussed across the four countries on the Reddit platform. Further, our approach indicates that Reddit data have the potential to provide insights not readily apparent in survey-based approaches.
Dampak Pandemi Covid 19 Terhadap Sektor Pariwisata Kota Batu
Authors: Adam Rizki 
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study is to find out how big the impact of the pandemic is on the tourism sector in Batu City. The conclusion of this article is that the Covid-19 pandemic has had a negative or detrimental impact on the development of the tourism industry in Batu City. . The most severe impact in Batu City itself is the impact on the tourism economy. Where Batu City relies on and relies on the economy in its tourism sector both in terms of government and society. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with a literature study approach.

Tujuan pada penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui seberapa besar Dampak Pandemi terhadap sektor pariwista di Kota Batu.Kesimpulan uraian artikel ini adalah pandemi Covid-19 berdampak negatif atau merugikan bagi perkembangan industri pariwisata di Kota Batu. . Dampak yang paling terasa berat di Kota Batu sendiri yakni dampak dari segi perekonomian pariwisata. Dimana Kota Batu mengandalkan dan bertumpu pada perekonomian dalam sektor pariwisatanya baik dari segi pemerintah dan juga masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi literatur.
Methods for interpreting emergence trap specimen data for the study of ground nesting bees (Hymenoptera: Anthophila)
Authors: Portman Zachary M , Brokaw Julia , Cariveau Daniel P 
Published: September 2022

Emergence traps have increasingly been used to study ground nesting
bees. They offer an advantage over other methods, such as netting or
passive traps, because they can directly measure ground nesting bees at
a landscape scale. However, emergence trapping for ground nesting bees
has limitations, including low catch rates and data that is difficult to
interpret. For example, emergence traps catch a combination of actively
nesting bees, newly emerging bees from nests provisioned the previous
year, overwintering bees, and incidental bees, such as
non-ground-nesting species or bees that were simply sleeping on
vegetation. Further, a single emergence trap can capture many specimens
from a single nest due to the presence of workers, newly emerging
reproductives (gynes), or multiple siblings from a nest provisioned the
previous year. Due to these factors, a thorough knowledge of the life
history of bee species collected is necessary to accurately filter and
interpret the data. Here, we provide methods to determine whether bee
specimens caught from emergence traps came from nests. Using a
combination of trap data, life-history characters, and estimates of bee
age, we classify bees as newly emerging, active nests, or incidentally
caught. This will allow researchers to reduce the risk of spurious
inferences that may over- or under-estimate bee nesting. Many areas of
future research remain, particularly studies on the efficacy of
emergence traps for ground-nesting bee research as well as a glaring
need to better document the life-history of many bee species. Abstract
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ANALISIS TINGKAT KESUKAAN SPAGHETTI BUAH SUKUN PADA MAHASISWA JURUSAN GIZI DI POLITEKNIK KESEHATAN MEDAN
Authors: Hutagaol Fannia Ruth Carolin , Wahidah Siti 
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : 1). Menganalisis tingkat kesukaan (rasa, aroma, tekstur, dan warna) spaghetti buah sukun dengan penambahan tepung sukun sebanyak 40 persen, 50 persen, dan 60 persen; 2). Menganalisis formula terbaik pada spaghetti buah sukun; 3). Menganalisis kandungan gizi (kadar air, abu, karbohidrat, protein, dan lemak) pada produk terbaik spaghetti buah sukun. Lokasi penelitian di Politeknik Kesehatan Medan dan Laboratorium Balai Riset dan Standarisasi Industri Medan. Subjek (responden) penelitian ini berjumlah 40 orang. Data hasil uji organoleptik dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan menggunakan persentase penerimaan responden dari masing-masing taraf perlakuan. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh subtitusi tepung sukun terhadap perlakuan digunakan analisis statistik ANAVA. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa formula terbaik pada spaghetti buah sukun dengan substitusi tepung sukun sebesar 40 persen diperoleh rataan warna 4,35, rataan aroma 4,32, rataan rasa 4,57, dan rataan tekstur 4,1. Berdasarkan hasil uji Anava diketahui bahwa terdapat perbedaan nyata terhadap warna, aroma, rasa, dan tekstur spaghetti buah sukun (α=0,05) dengan nilai warnaFh>Ft (4,07>3,25), aroma Fh>Ft (5,15>3,25), rasa Fh>Ft (4,96>3,25), dantekstur Fh>Ft (5,16>3,25). Kandungan gizi spaghetti dengan substitusi tepung sukun 40 persen diperoleh kadar air (9,15% b/b) dibawah batas maksimal SNI, kadar abu (1,86% b/b) diatas batas maksimal SNI, karbohidrat (64,2% b/b), lemak total (8,33% b/b), dan protein (8,16% b/b) dibawah batas minimal SNI. Dari hasil penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa spaghetti buah sukun dengan substitusi tepung sukun sebesar 40 persen lebih disukai responden.
KUALITAS ORGANOLEPTIK SAMBAL CABAI HIJAU DENGAN PENAMBAHAN KACANG HIJAU
Authors: Novianti Mega Putri , Fadiati Ari , Ridawati Ridawati 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRAK: Sambal cabai hijau dengan penambahan kacang hijau merupakan sebuah produk inovasi sambal dengan bahan tambahan kacang-kacangan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengukur kualitas organoleptik sambal cabai hijau dengan penambahan kacang hijau. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan 3 jenis perlakuan yaitu sambal cabai hijau dengan penambahan kacang hijau 10%, 20% dan 30%. Panelis ahli pada uji organoleptik berjumlah 5 orang dengan penentuan secara acak. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan memberikan instrumen kualitas produk dengan pengukurannya menggunakan skala Likert. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah simple random sampling dengan analisis data menggunakan skala Likert dan data yang disajikan merupakan data deskriptif. Produk sambal cabai hijau dengan penambahan kacang hijau dengan kualitas organoleptik terbaik adalah dengan penambahan kacang hijau sebanyak 30%. Penelitian lanjutan yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan mengukur tingkat penerimaan konsumen terhadap sambal cabai hijau dengan penambahan kacang hijau. Kata kunci: sambal cabai hijau, kacang hijau, kualitas, organoleptik
PENGARUH SUBSTITUSI TEPUNG BERAS MERAH TERHADAP KUALITAS LOTUS PASTRY
Authors: Fadilah Silvi Nur , Cahyana Cucu , Dahlia Mutiara 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRAK: Tepung beras merah digunakan dalam pembuatan lotus pastry untuk menjadi alternatif dalam mengurangi penggunaan tepung terigu, menambah variasi produk tepung beras merah, dan sebagai pemanfaatan beras merah dengan dijadikan tepung dalam penggunaan bahan pangan lokal dalam pengolahan pastry. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh substitusi tepung beras merah terhadap kualitas lotus pastry pada aspek lembaran, warna, rasa, aroma, dan tekstur kulit lotus pastry. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Pastry dan Bakery Program Studi Pendidikan Tata Boga Fakultas Teknik Universitas Negeri Jakarta sejak bulan November 2020 – Oktober 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan perlakuan substitusi tepung beras merah dengan persentase yang berbeda yaitu 10%, 20%, dan 30%. Kemudian dilakukan uji organoleptik kepada 3 panelis ahli yaitu dosen Tata Boga Universitas Negeri Jakarta sebanyak 1 kali dengan aspek penilaian karakteristik yang meliputi warna, aroma, tekstur, lembaran, dan rasa. Hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukan rata-rata tertinggi pada aspek warna yaitu 4,66 pada lotus pastry dengan substitusi tepung beras merah 20% dengan kategori warna coklat muda. Pada kategori aroma, didapatkan nilai tertinggi, yaitu 4,66 pada lotus pastry dengan substitusi tepung beras merah 20% dengan kategori aroma tidak beraroma beras merah. Pada kategori tekstur, didapatkan nilai rata-rata semua persentase substitusi tepung beras merah memiliki nilai yang sama, yaitu 4 dengan kategori tekstur renyah. Pada kategori lembaran, berdasarkan penilaian ahli didapatkan nilai rata-rata semua persentase substitusi tepung beras memiliki nilai yang sama, yaitu 4 dengan kategori lembaran berlembar. Pada kategori rasa kulit, berdasarkan penilaian ahli didapatkan nilai tertinggi, yaitu 3,66 pada lotus pastry dengan substitusi tepung beras merah 20% dengan kategori rasa kulit agak berasa beras merah. Pada daya serap minyak produk, didapati hasil semakin tinggi persentase substitusi produk maka akan semakin tinggi daya serap minyak. Berdasarkan hasil penilaian panelis ahli, rata-rata penilaian semua aspek yang diuji yang memiliki nilai rata-rata paling tinggi adalah lotus pastry substitusi tepung beras merah 20% dengan nilai 4,2. Disusul dengan lotus pastry substitusi tepung beras merah 10% dengan nilai rata-rata 3,86. Sedangkan pada lotus pastry substitusi tepung beras merah 30% memiliki nilai rata-rata terendah yaitu 3,66. Kata kunci: Lotus pastry, Tepung Beras Merah, Substitusi, Kualitas
GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN IBU BALITA TENTANG GIZI SEIMBANG DI DESA SUKARAJA
Authors: Jauhari M. Thonthowi , Ardian Junendri , Rahmiati Baiq Fitria , Naktiany Wayan Canny , Lastyana Wiwin 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRAK: Asupan gizi yang seimbang merupakan salah satu kebutuhan dasar yang diperlukan anak dalam daur kehidupannya untuk prtumbuhan dan perkembangan serta menjaga fungsi tubuh, keadaan gizi yang tidak baik merupakan salah satu kondisi yang diakibatkan karena konsumsi makanan yang tidak sesuai menurut ppedoman gizi seimbang; Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan desain deskriptif analitik dengan desain cross sectional, yang dilakukan di desa Sukaraja, kecamatan Praya Timur, Lombok Tengah, dengan sampel ibu balita sebanyak 45; Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner pengetahuan ibu balita tentang gizi seimbang, berisi 20 pertanyaan; Berdasarkan penelitian ini diperoleh hasil, dimana didapatkan pengetahuan ibu balita sebagian besar kategori kurang 19 (42%), pengetahuan ibu dengan kategori cukup 12 (27%), dan pengetahuan ibu dengan kategori baik 14 (31%); Orang tua sebagai tangan pertama yang memberikan asupan gizi kepada balitanya, perlu meningkatkan pengetahuannya tentang gizi seimbang. Selain itu perlu juga diberikan penyuluhan tentang gizi seimbang kepada ibu balita dari pihak terkait yakni petugas gizi di Puskesmas maupun di Posyandu. Kata kunci: Pengetahuan Ibu, Gizi Seimbang, Usia Balita
PEMBACAAN DEKONSTRUKSI CERPEN "ZINA" KARYA PUTU WIJAYA
Authors: Ronidin Ronidin 
Published: September 2022

Â This article is aimed at revealing the paradox meaning of some events in short story â€œZinaâ€ written by Putu Wijaya. The short story â€œZinaâ€ is chosen to be analyzed because it describes some unique events in the short story and they are beyond of common logic. The analysis of this short story is conducted by using deconstruction approach. It is a qualitative research and it is described descriptively. Based on the result of the analysis, it is found that the unique events that are found in short story â€œZinaâ€ which seems paradox with common sense, in fact there is a truth inside. A wife who ask permission to her husband to have an affair with somebody else, a forbidden affair that is done in front of palace and bus way line, and an open affair in front of public are unique events that hide many paradox meanings. Some of paradox meanings are; the importance of husbandâ€™s admittance for a wife, the importance of new atmospheres in a family, and the importance of governing social awareness.Â Â Â Keywords:Â short story, paradox, approval, wife, husband, adulteryABSTRAKÂ Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan makna paradok beberapa peristiwa dalam cerpen â€œZinaâ€ karya Putu Wijaya. Cerpen â€œZinaâ€ dipilih untuk dianalisis karena menggambarkan beberapa peristiwa aneh dan di luar logika biasa. Analisis terhadap cerpen ini akan dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan dekonstruksi. Analisis bersifat kualitatif dan disajikan secara deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, diperoleh gambaran bahwa keanehan-keanehan yang terdapat dalam cerpen â€œZinaâ€, yang seolah-olah bertentangan dengan pendapat umum, pada kenyataannya mengandung kebenaran. Istri yang minta izin suami untuk berzina, perzinaan pasangan suami istri di depan istana dan lajur bus way, dan perzinaan terbuka suami istri itu di depan umum dan ditonton banyak orang merupakan peristiwa aneh yang menyembunyikan makna paradok. Di antara makna paradok itu adalah pentingnya izin suami bagi istri, pentingnya suasana-suasana baru dalam keluarga, dan pentingnya membangun kepedulian sosial.Â Â Kata Kunci:Â cerpen, paradoks, izin, istri, suami, zina