bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation into the protective effects of hypaconitine and glycyrrhetinic acid against chronic heart failure of the rats
Authors: Wang Liqin , Deng Haiming , Wang Tengyu , Qiao Yun , Zhu Jianbing , Xiong Mingfeng 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The present study aimed to determine the protective effects of hypaconitine (HA) and glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) against chronic heart failure (CHF) in the rats and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Methods
The CHF rat model was established by transverse-aortic constriction (TAC) operation. Transthoracic echocardiography and hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining were used to evaluate the pathophysiological and histopathological changes of CHF model. The total cholesterol (TCHO) and triglyceride (TG) levels were determined by ELISA assay. The protein expression of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in the rat ventricular tissues was determined by immunohistochemistry. The serum metabolites were determined by LC-MS/MS assay.

Results
After applied the HA + GA, the cardiac tissue and structure were obviously improved, and the HA + GA treatment also significantly reduced the plasma levels of TCHO and TG in the CHF rats. The expression of FGF2 and VEGFA protein was up-regulated and the expression of eNOS protein was down-regulated in the ventricular tissues of CHF rats, which was significantly restored after HA + GA treatment. HA + GA treatment down-regulated serum isonicotinic acid, phosphatidylcholine, cardiolipin, estrogen glucuronide, and glycocholic acid, up-regulated serum sphingosine and deoxycholic acid in the CHF rats.

Conclusions
In conclusion, HA + GA showed protective effects on CHF in the rats, and the HA + GA may exert protective effects by reducing lipid levels, up-regulating the expression of FGF2 and VEGFA proteins, attenuating eNOS protein expression, and modulating metabolic pathways. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying HA + GA-mediated effects still require further examination.
Developing and validating of the Clinical Uncertainty Measurement Questionnaire (CUMQ) among practicing physicians and clinical residents in Iran
Authors: Ghanavati Shirin , Baradaran Hamid Reza , Kamran Soltani Arabshahi Seyed , Bigdeli Shoaleh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Despite the fact that clinicians face uncertainty in their decisions, there is no comprehensive framework to measure it in medical practices which is the knowledge gap especially for Iran. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of a Persian questionnaire which is designed to measure different determining aspects of uncertainty from clinical physicians’ perspectives in Iran.

Methods
Clinical Uncertainty Measurement Questionnaire (CUMQ) has been derived from a mixed method study since March 2019 to January 2021. To exclude raw items of the questionnaire, the literature was reviewed and in-depthinterviews were implemented with 24 residents,specialists and sub-specialists in all major clinical fields which resulted in the first theoretical uncertainty in clinical decision making framework. CUMQ content validity has been evaluated using content validity index (CVI) and content validity ratio (CVR). The structural validity of the questionnaire was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis and factor loading and t-value for each indicator of uncertainty is reported. Moreover, to analyze the research model we used the Partial Least Squares (PLS) technique using the SmartPLS software. Convergent (using Average Variance Extracted (AVEs) for each latent variable) and discriminant validity (using the criteria of Fornell and Larckerand cross loading) of the model was also evaluated. After that, the quality of the model was evaluated adjustment through predictive validity (Q2) and effect size (f2). In addition, the reliability was also assessed using Cronbach’s alpha and composite reliability.

Results
The CVR and CVI ranged from 0. 80 to 1. 00 which illustrates high content validity. Out of 30 items, 24 items had acceptable factor loading and remained in the questionnaire which have been categorized as five main clinical uncertainty dimensions; general determinants, individual determinants of the physician, individual determinants of patient, dynamics of medical sciences, diagnostic and instrumental limitations. The value of composite reliability and Cronbach’s alpha for all dimensions were above the threshold value of 0. 7 and the reliability has been confirmed. As AVE values were greater than 0. 5, convergent validity is confirmed. The result of Fornell-Larcker and cross-loadings also indicated that discriminant validity is well established.

Conclusion
This CUMQ is as avalid and reliable instrument and a suitable tool to measure clinical uncertainty in the Iranian Medical community. However, the reliability of this questionnaire can be studied in other languages and in other countries.
Study protocol for a randomised, patient- and observer-blinded evaluation of P6 acustimulation for the prevention of nausea and vomiting in the postoperative period in patients receiving routine pharmacological prophylaxis (P6NV-Trial)
Authors: Weber Benedict , Knoth Selena , Kranke Peter , Eberhart Leopold 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The efficacy of pericardium 6 (P6) acupoint stimulation to reduce the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) has been proven in several randomised controlled clinical trials. However, little is known about the effectiveness in daily practice and its use in combination with traditional pharmacologic approaches.

Methods
The primary objective of the P6NV study is to determine whether intraoperative acustimulation (acupuncture or acupressure) at the point P6 provides additional benefit when applied along with customary prophylactic intravenous antiemetics administered according to the local standard operating procedures (SOP). The primary endpoint is the incidence and severity of PONV within the first 24 h postoperatively reported with a validated postoperative nausea and vomiting intensity scale. The patient-reported outcome of perioperative quality of life (using the PPP33-questionnaire) and the detection of antiemetic-related side effects as well as the severity of PONV (via a standardised questionnaire) are secondary study objectives. P6NV is a national, multicentre, randomised, prospective, patient- and examiner-blinded interventional study and will be performed on 3500 adult patients with ASA classification I–III undergoing elective surgery under general anaesthesia and hospitalised for at least 24 h. Participating anaesthesiologists commit themselves to administer customised conventional antiemetic prophylaxis according to the local SOP by signing a statement before randomisation. The intervention group receives bilateral acupuncture or acupressure at P6. The control group receives no intervention. Before extubation, acustimulation is removed.

Discussion
Since P6 acustimulation is performed by a wide range of anaesthesiologists receiving written and verbal information on acustimulation beforehand, this trial will provide information on the effectiveness of an ad hoc implementation of P6 stimulation techniques in anaesthesia departments using traditional pharmacologic PONV prophylaxis.

Trial registration
DRKS DRKS00015272. Registered on August 15, 2018.
Final Overall Survival Analysis of Gemcitabine and Cisplatin Induction Chemotherapy in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Multicenter, Randomized Phase III Trial
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Chen Lei , Hu Guo-Qing , Zhang Ning , Zhu Xiao-Dong , Yang Kun-Yu , Jin Feng , Shi Mei , Chen Yu-Pei , Hu Wei-Han , Cheng Zhi-Bin , Wang Si-Yang , Tian Ye , Wang Xi-Cheng , Sun Yan , Li Jin-Gao , Li Wen-Fei , Li Yu-Hong , Mao Yan-Ping , Zhou Guan-Qun , Sun Rui , Liu Xu , Guo Rui , Long Guo-Xian , Liang Shao-Qiang , Li Ling , Huang Jing , Long Jin-Hua , Zang Jian , Liu Qiao-Dan , Zou Li , Su Qiong-Fei , Zheng Bao-Min , Xiao Yun , Guo Ying , Han Fei , Mo Hao-Yuan , Lv Jia-Wei , Du Xiao-Jing , Xu Cheng , Liu Na , Li Ying-Qin , Xie Fang-Yun , Sun Ying , Ma Jun , Tang Ling-Long 
Published: June 2022

Clinical trials frequently include multiple end points that mature at different times. The initial report, typically on the based on the primary end point, may be published when key planned co-primary or secondary analyses are not yet available. Clinical Trial Updates provide an opportunity to disseminate additional results from studies, published in JCO or elsewhere, for which the primary end point has already been reported. We previously reported significantly improved failure-free survival using gemcitabine plus cisplatin induction chemotherapy in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Here, we present the final overall survival (OS) analysis. In this multicenter, randomized trial, patients were assigned to be treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy alone (standard therapy, n = 238) or gemcitabine and cisplatin induction chemotherapy before concurrent chemoradiotherapy (n = 242). With a median follow-up of 69.8 months, the induction chemotherapy group had a significantly higher 5-year OS (87.9% v 78.8%, hazard ratio, 0.51 [95% CI 0.34 to 0.78]; P = .001) and a comparable risk of late toxicities (≥ grade 3, 11.3% v 11.4%). Notably, the depth of the tumor response to induction chemotherapy correlated significantly and positively with survival (complete response v partial response v stable/progressive disease, 5-year OS, 100% v 88.4% v 61.5%, P = .005). Besides, patients with a low pretreatment cell-free Epstein-Barr virus DNA load (< 4,000 copies/mL) might not benefit from induction chemotherapy (5-year OS, 90.6% v 91.4%, P = .77). In conclusion, induction chemotherapy before concurrent chemoradiotherapy improved OS significantly in patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma, without increasing the risk of late toxicities. Tumor response to induction chemotherapy and pretreatment cell-free Epstein-Barr virus DNA might be useful to guide individualized treatment.
Effect of Extracellular Matrix Density and Cell Number on Blood Capillary Formation in Three-Dimensional Tissue
Authors: Shang Yucheng , Zeng Jinfeng , Xie Zhengtian , Sasaki Naoko , Matsusaki Michiya 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The construction of three-dimensional (3D) capillary tissue is still a central issue in the field of tissue engineering. To improve the vascularization of 3D tissue, elements including growth factors and scaffold type have been found to affect the construction of 3D capillary structures. However, the effect of other factors such as modulus or cell number on blood capillaries remains unclear.
In this work, a high-throughput 3D-human blood capillary model was fabricated via sedimentary culture method, based on 3D culture of endothelial cells and fibroblasts with the support of collagen microfibers (CMFs) as an extracellular matrix. The amount of CMF or cell number was varied to evaluate the relationship between tissue modulus and blood capillary length. Although varying the amount of CMF did not significantly affect these factors, the numbers of fibroblasts and endothelial cells indicated a huge impact on the modulus of tissues and the length of blood capillaries. These findings provide an important basic knowledge of blood capillary formation in 3D tissue in the field of 3D tissue engineering.
When Do Evaluators Publicly Express Their Legitimacy Judgments? An Inquiry into the Role of Peer Endorsement and Evaluative Mode
Authors: van den Broek Tijs , Langley David J. , Ehrenhard Michel L. , Groen Aard 
Published: June 2022

Legitimacy theory describes how individuals evaluate an organization’s behavior, form propriety evaluations, and subsequently decide whether to publicly express their legitimacy judgments. These individual judgments are influenced by sources of collective validity, for example, from recognized authority or from peer endorsement. Whereas most research on this topic has focused on the effects of authority, we study the influence of peer endorsement on the public expression of legitimacy judgments. Additionally, we assess evaluators’ preparedness to expend cognitive effort, that is, their evaluative mode, as an important condition under which judgment expressions are made. We present a set of three vignette experiments and one field study, all situated in social media that are quickly becoming the dominant setting for the expression of legitimacy judgments. This research provides new evidence that peer endorsement stimulates evaluators to express their judgments, particularly for evaluators who expend limited cognitive effort. Additionally, we find that evaluators in the active and passive evaluative modes act differently when their propriety evaluations are based on instrumental, moral, or relational considerations. These findings extend current legitimacy theory about how peer endorsement functions as a source of validity and when individual evaluators decide to publicly express their legitimacy judgments. This is important because individuals’ public expressions can bring about a cascade of judgments that change the consensus on an organization’s legitimacy, potentially contributing to institutional change. History: This paper has been accepted for the Organization Science Special Issue on Experiments in Organizational Theory. Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.1604 .
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 among college students in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Ling , Wang Fang , Shui Xiaoling , Liang Qian , He Jingyi 
Published: June 2022

Background
Since the outbreak of the respiratory infectious disease caused by the novel coronavirus in 2019, the COVID-19 epidemic has posed a serious threat to the life and safety of the public, and has also seriously affected the normal study and life of college students in China. Although a series of studies have been conducted on college students’ knowledge, attitudes and practices of COVID-19, the results vary widely. This study aimed to evaluate the pooled estimated level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) about COVID-19 among college students in China.

Methods
We conducted a comprehensive search on Scopus, ProQuest, PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP Database and Wanfang Database up to 13 February 2022. We then assessed the quality of included studies using a checklist developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) for cross-sectional studies and analyzed using STATA.15 after two researchers independently extracted relevant data and entered them into Microsoft Excel. Funnel plots and Egger’s regression tests were used to check for publication bias, and sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the robustness of the results. A random-effects model was used for the meta-analysis, on the basis of which subgroup analyses were performed by time of investigation (study period) and by gender and major of the subjects.

Result
A total of 42 studies including 174,440 subjects were included in this review, and the quality of the included studies was mainly intermediate and advanced. The findings of the meta-analysis showed that the overall levels of Chinese college students’ knowledge, positive and negative attitudes, and practice of preventive measures towards COVID-19 were 74% (95%CI: 69%-79%), 84% (95%CI: 80%-88%), 31% (95%CI: 23%-38%) and 82% (95%CI: 77%-86%), respectively. The results of subgroup analysis showed that female and medical college students had higher levels of knowledge and practice on COVID-19.

Conclusion
The study findings showed that the overall KAP level of college students in China included in the study was relatively optimistic. Influenced by gender, major and time, there were differences in the KAP level of college students. In order to promote the effective prophylaxis and control of pandemic, we recommend implementing targeted measures to improve the awareness rate of COVID-19-related knowledge among this group and the implementation rate of COVID-19 preventive measures among male and non-medical college students.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Layanan Bebas Laboratorium Menggunakan Pengaya (Add-Ons) Autocrat
Authors: Sriyadi S , Mubarok David , Maharani Ria Ika , Peniati Endah 
Published: June 2022

Laboratory-Free Services at the Biology Laboratory of Semarang State University are currently carried out online, but there are several shortcomings, including verification of data and document entries, as well as the creation of a laboratory-free certificate is still processed manually. The process of printing a laboratory-free certificate makes services inevitable from the use of paper. in addition, manual processes allow for data errors as well as taking longer. The purpose of this study was to design a laboratory-free service system using Autocrat Add-ons. The methods used in this study include interviews, observations, system design and testing of laboratory-free service systems using the blackbox method. The results of this study are in the form of a system that utilizes Autocrat Add-ons in laboratory-free services. All service processes can be done at any time online, as long as they are connected to the internet. Autocrat add-ons convert data entry into laboratory-free certificates. The results are sent directly to the student's email address so as to make it more paperless. From the results of the black box test, it shows that the laboratory free service system can run well as expected including aspects of short links, google forms, and autocrat add-ons functions. Theconclusion of this study is that the free service of the FMIPA UNNES biological laboratory was carried out online using the Autocrat add-ons (Add-ons) to be more effective, efficient and paperless
“You have to repeat Chinese to mother!”: multilingual identity, emotions, and family language policy in transnational multilingual families
Authors: Tang Fei , Calafato Raees 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A growing number of family language policy studies have started to pay more attention to the emotions that transnational multilingual families (TMFs) identify regarding their multilingual identity, even if much of the research remains primarily focused on TMFs residing in Europe and North America. This article reports on a qualitative study that explored the emotions that five TMFs residing in Russia identified with their multilingual identity, and how these emotions affected their family language policy. The study combined ethnographic elements in the form of video recordings and two rounds of semi-structured interviews. The findings indicated that the parents felt pride and satisfaction in their own multilingual identity yet feared that their children were developing a monolingual identity, which led to them experiencing anger and frustration. Coupled with these negative emotions, they were found to adopt monolingual practices with their children in hopes of making them more multilingual. The study adds to our understanding of how emotions, multilingual identity, and family language policy interact in TMFs outside of Europe and North America and is one of the first studies to explore the experiences of such families in Russia.
Aktienmarktreaktionen auf die Emission von Green Bonds und die Pecking Order während der COVID-19-Pandemie
Authors: Zare Fatemeh , Bahmer Luis , Campuzano-Mojik Lázaro , Schiereck Dirk 
Published: June 2022

Zusammenfassung
In den zurückliegenden Jahren konnten verschiedene Studien positive Kapitalmarktreaktionen für die Aktien von Emittenten bei der Begebung von Green Bonds feststellen. Zur Erklärung dieser Werteffekte wird vor allem auch auf niedrigere Risiken einer nachhaltig angelegten Unternehmensführung verwiesen. Inzwischen sind aber gerade in Europa bereits sehr viele Unternehmen als Green Bond Emittenten aufgetreten, so dass dieser Anleihetypus als Differenzierungsinstrument an Bedeutung verlieren sollte. Gleichzeitig führte die COVID-19-Pandemie in vielen Branchen zu Liquiditätsengpässen. Gemäß der Pecking Order Theorie greifen Unternehmen zunächst auf Fremdkapital zurück, wenn die intern generierten Cash-Flows nicht zur Deckung des Liquiditätsbedarfs ausreichen. Die Ankündigung zur Emission eines Green Bonds ist dann unter asymmetrischen Informationsstrukturen ein Indiz fehlender interner Mittel und damit ein negatives Signal für die Aktionäre eines Unternehmens. Vor diesem Hintergrund werden die Kapitalmarktreaktionen auf die Ankündigung von 972 Green Bonds und konventionellen Anleihen von 358 börsennotierten europäischen Unternehmen während der COVID-19-Pandemie untersucht
Differentiation of segmentally identical expressions occurring in the same or different sentence zones in Hungarian by duration, pitch, intensity and irregular voicing
Authors: Szeteli Anna , Gocsál Ákos , Szente Gábor , Alberti Gábor 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The paper presents the interpretation and explanation of the findings of two pieces of experimental research within the framework of Varga's (2016) pitch-tier model of the Hungarian declarative sentence. One of the experiments was established to investigate the information-structural contribution of quantified expressions (such as mindhárom barátom ‘all three of my friends’ and Csaba is ‘Csaba also’). The other experiment explored the acoustic features of the spontaneous-speech specific discourse marker hát ‘well/so’. The two topics can be regarded as interconnected if Varga's model is interpreted in the strong sense that pitch – presumably in a more or less strong correlation with intensity – is responsible for indicating the topic–comment dichotomy and other factors of the discourse-embedding of sentences. Thus, the reconciliation of our data with Varga's model requires the consideration of the pitch-tier substructures in their complex dynamism. The experiments support the plausible hypothesis that the variants of the discourse marker hát as part of the preparatory contour primarily differ in duration, while is-quantifiers in different pitch-tier parts differ in terms of pitch values.
Between adjective and noun
Authors: Rebrus Péter , Szigetvári Péter 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We look at the presuffixal vowels occurring after adjectival and nominal stems in Hungarian. We show that their “low” or “nonlow” status depends not only on the morphological category and arbitrary lexical properties of the stem, but also on its semantic properties and syntactic position, as well as the identity of the suffix and the typical environments in which the suffix occurs. Syntactic positions can be arranged in a scale ranging from more adjectival (less nominal) to less adjectival (more nominal). The same scale may be applied to suffixes typical of these syntactic positions. The lowness of the presuffixal vowels neatly follows these scales, with no variation at the two edges and a zone of variation in the middle of the scale.
Coherence, Professionalization, and the Critical Study of Religion
Authors: Goff Matthew 
Published: June 2022

This short essay critically engages Claude Welch's Graduate Education in Religion (1971). For Welch the central challenge for the field of religious studies was to establish its “identity” in a post-Schempp world, referring to the landmark 1963 Supreme Court case that endorsed the study of religion in U.S. higher education. Now the study of religion is firmly established in universities as part of the humanities. As such religion departments should respond to the broader crisis in the humanities. This article lays out some provisional recommendations, as Welch did in the early 70s.