bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of June 2020 giant Saharan dust storm using remote sensing observations and model reanalysis
Authors: Asutosh A. , Vinoj V. , Murukesh Nuncio , Ramisetty Ramakrishna , Mittal Nishant 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates the characteristics and impact of a major Saharan dust storm during June 14th–19th 2020 on atmospheric radiative and thermodynamics properties over the Atlantic Ocean. The event witnessed the highest ever aerosol optical depth for June since 2002. The satellites and high-resolution model reanalysis products well captured the origin and spread of the dust storm. The Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) measured total attenuated backscatter and aerosol subtype profiles, lower angstrom exponent values (~ 0.12) from Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Application—version 2 (MERRA-2) and higher aerosol index value from Ozone monitoring instrument (> 4) tracked the presence of elevated dust. It was found that the dust AOD was as much as 250–300% higher than their climatology resulting in an atmospheric radiative forcing ~ 200% larger. As a result, elevated warming (8–16%) was observed, followed by a drop in relative humidity (2–4%) in the atmospheric column, as evidenced by both in-situ and satellite measurements. Quantifications such as these for extreme dust events provide significant insights that may help in understanding their climate effects, including improvements to dust simulations using chemistry-climate models.
Pet ownership and psychological well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Amiot Catherine E. , Gagné Christophe , Bastian Brock 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe question of pet ownership contributing to human well-being has received mixed empirical evidence. This contrasts with the lay intuition that pet ownership contributes positively to wellness. In a large representative sample, we investigate the differences that may exist between pet vs. non-pet owners in terms of their well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic, and examine among different sociodemographic strata, for whom pet ownership can be more vs. less beneficial. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among Canadian adults (1220 pet owners, 1204 non-pet owners). Pet owners reported lower well-being than non-pet owners on a majority of well-being indicators; this general pet ownership effect held when accounting for pet species (dogs, cats, other species) and number of pets owned. Compared to owners of other pets, dog owners reported higher well-being. When examining the effect of pet ownership within different socioeconomic strata, being a pet owner was associated with lower well-being among: women; people who have 2 + children living at home; people who are unemployed. Our results offer a counterpoint to popular beliefs emphasising the benefits of pets to human wellness during the COVID-19 pandemic and confirm the importance of accounting for sociodemographic factors to further understand the experience of pet ownership.
The human pathogenic 91del7 mutation in SLC34A1 has no effect in mineral homeostasis in mice
Authors: Bieri Cornelia , Daryadel Arezoo , Bettoni Carla , Pastor-Arroyo Eva-Maria , Schnitzbauer Udo , Hernando Nati , Wagner Carsten A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractKidneys are key regulators of phosphate homeostasis. Biallelic mutations of the renal Na+/phosphate cotransporter SLC34A1/NaPi-IIa cause idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia, whereas monoallelic mutations were frequently noted in adults with kidney stones. Genome-wide-association studies identified SLC34A1 as a risk locus for chronic kidney disease. Pathogenic mutations in SLC34A1 are present in 4% of the general population. Here, we characterize a mouse model carrying the 91del7 in-frame deletion, a frequent mutation whose significance remains unclear. Under normal dietary conditions, 12 weeks old heterozygous and homozygous males have similar plasma and urinary levels of phosphate as their wild type (WT) littermates, and comparable concentrations of parathyroid hormone, fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) and 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3. Renal phosphate transport, and expression of NaPi-IIa and NaPi-IIc cotransporters, was indistinguishable in the three genotypes. Challenging mice with low dietary phosphate did not result in differences between genotypes with regard to urinary and plasma phosphate. Urinary and plasma phosphate, plasma FGF-23 and expression of cotransporters were similar in all genotypes after weaning. Urinary phosphate and bone mineral density were also comparable in 300 days old WT and mutant mice. In conclusion, mice carrying the 91del7 truncation do not show signs of impaired phosphate homeostasis.
An optimal selection method of wells for secondary fracturing in a single coal seam and its application
Authors: Tan Xuebin , Ni Xiaoming , Li Zhongcheng , Xiong Zhiwen , Liu Xiao 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAt present, methods including mathematical modeling, physical or numerical simulation, and in-situ monitoring have been generally adopted to determine evaluation parameters for coalbed methane (CBM) wells for secondary fracturing. These conventional methods either entail many assumptions, or some parameters are difficult to obtain, resulting in a certain deviation between the evaluation results and reality, or the application cost is high, preventing the monitoring of each CBM well. In view of this, an evaluation index system for the gas production potential, effective length of cracks formed by fracturing, and supporting length of proppant in cracks was established based on the system theory. The evaluation indices were characterized through production data, such as logging, fracturing and drainage, which could avoid potential bias in evaluation when only considering a certain parameter and ensured accuracy and practicability of the evaluation parameters for each well. Principal component analysis (PCA) and the entropy weight method (EWM) were used to obtain weights of evaluation parameters, which avoided the contradiction of contributions of various parameters to optimal selection and the rationalized results. In this way, a method for step-wise optimal selection of wells for secondary fracturing integrating construction of evaluation parameters, determination of critical values, and entropy evaluation was proposed. The results of an evaluation of the Shizhuang South Block of Qinshui Basin (Shanxi Province, China) indicate that wells whose three evaluation indices are satisfied are most preferable; wells that only meet the effective length of cracks formed by fracturing or effective supporting length of proppant in cracks can be selected; wells which do not meet the gas production potential or all of the three parameters cannot be selected.
A CNN-based misleading video detection model
Authors: Li Xiaojun , Xiao Xvhao , Li Jia , Hu Changhua , Yao Junping , Li Shaochen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractVideos, especially short videos, have become an increasingly important source of information in these years. However, many videos spread on video sharing platforms are misleading, which have negative social impacts. Therefore, it is necessary to find methods to automatically identify misleading videos. In this paper, three categories of features (content features, uploader features and environment features) are proposed to construct a convolutional neural network (CNN) for misleading video detection. The experiment showed that all the three proposed categories of features play a vital role in detecting misleading videos. Our proposed approach that combines three categories of features achieved the best performance with the accuracy of 0.90 and the F1 score of 0.89. It also outperformed other baselines such as SVM, k-NN, decision tree and random forest models by more than 22%.
Optical characterization of the liver tissue affected by fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma based on internal filters of laser-induced fluorescence
Authors: Amani Marzieh , Bavali Ali , Parvin Parviz 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLaser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy has recently gained regards for diagnosis of the cancer in various tissues of the human body. This method in its conventional form, when used for assay of highly scattering media, encounters a lot of noise due to multiple scattering and inner filter effects which overshadows the sensitivity and specificity of the method. Here, angular dependence of the LIF spectral shift due to the reabsorption events have been investigated for characterization of the bio-tissues. The aim was to determine the tissue morphological changeovers due to the cancer progression. The assessment of a rare type of the liver cancer i. e. fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma revealed the significant difference in optical anisotropy of the parenchyma and liver tumor. As a result, utilizing LIF spectroscopy as a fast, highly sensitive and easy-to-use method one can evaluate the optical anisotropy for diagnosing tissues during the cancer progression.
Effects of dynamic bedroom lighting on measures of sleep and circadian rest-activity rhythm in inpatients with major depressive disorder
Authors: Canazei Markus , Weninger Johannes , Pohl Wilfried , Marksteiner Josef , Weiss Elisabeth M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBright light therapy is an effective treatment option for seasonal and non-seasonal affective disorders. However up to now, no study has investigated effects of dynamic bedroom lighting in hospitalized patients with major depression. A bedroom lighting system, which automatically delivered artificial dawn and dusk and blue-depleted nighttime lighting (DD-N lighting) was installed in a psychiatric ward. Patients with moderate to severe depression were randomly assigned to stay in bedrooms with the new lighting or standard lighting system. Patients wore wrist actimeters during the first two treatment weeks. Additionally, hospitalization duration and daily psychotropic medication were retrieved from patients’ medical charts. Data from thirty patients, recorded over a period of two weeks, were analyzed. Patients under DD-N lighting generally woke up earlier (+ 20 min), slept longer (week 1: + 11 min; week 2: + 27 min) and showed higher sleep efficiency (+ 2.4%) and shorter periods of nighttime awakenings (− 15 min). In the second treatment week, patients started sleep and the most active 10-h period earlier (− 33 min and − 64 min, respectively). This pilot study gives first evidence that depressed patients’ sleep and circadian rest/activity system may benefit from bedroom lighting when starting inpatient treatment.
Water security determines social attitudes about dams and reservoirs in South Europe
Authors: Dopico Eduardo , Arboleya Elena , Fernandez Sara , Borrell Yaisel , Consuegra Sonia , de Leaniz Carlos García , Lázaro Gloria , Rodríguez César , Garcia-Vazquez Eva 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRiver barriers affect river dynamics and aquatic biota, altering the entire ecosystem. Nevertheless, dams and reservoirs provide goods like water supply and low-carbon energy that are becoming increasingly critical under current climate change. To know to what extent dams and reservoirs are important to the population, we explored social attitudes towards dams and reservoirs using a face-to-face questionnaire in two regions of contrasting climate and water security in Spain, a country with one of highest densities of dams in Europe. Results (N = 613) revealed a higher support for dams, mediated by the recognition of the services they provide, in the drier Mediterranean Malaga province (Andalusia), than in the wetter Atlantic Asturias province (Bay of Biscay), where water shortages are rare. Awareness of the impacts of the dams was more pronounced in Malaga, coupled with a higher willingness to pay for reconnecting rivers. Social awareness of both impacts and services provided by dams and reservoirs may depend on local climate and water security; different dam acceptance emphasizes the need to involve local citizens in the decision-making processes about water management.
Development and validation of the Safe Sleep Calculator to assess risk of sudden unexpected death in infancy
Authors: McIntosh C. G. , Thompson J. M. D. , Leech K. , Carpenter R. , Mitchell E. A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe describe the development and validation of a Sudden Unexpected Death in Infancy (SUDI) risk assessment clinical tool. An initial SUDI risk assessment algorithm was developed from an individual participant data meta-analysis of five international SIDS/SUDI case–control studies. The algorithm was translated into a clinical web tool called the Safe Sleep Calculator, which was tested at the routine infant 6-week check-up in primary care clinics in New Zealand. Evidence was gathered through mixed-methods research to inform the revision of the algorithm and the clinical tool. The revised algorithm performance was validated on a new contemporary New Zealand SUDI case–control study dataset and the pilot population data set. The area under the Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curve is 0.89, with a sensitivity of 83.0% and a specificity of 80.9% in the NZ infant population when 0.3 per 1000 live births or more risk is used to define ‘at higher risk’. The Safe Sleep Calculator SUDI risk assessment tool provides individualized evidence-based specific SUDI prevention advice for every infant and enables the concentration of additional SUDI prevention efforts and resource for infants at higher risk.
Evaluation of the Padua Prediction Score ability to predict venous thromboembolism in Israeli non-surgical hospitalized patients using electronic medical records
Authors: Lavon O. , Tamir T. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is considered a leading safety concern during hospitalization. The Padua Predication Score (PPS) is a risk model conceived to predict VTE among non-surgical hospitalized patients. The study aim was to evaluate the PPS ability to predict VTE in Israeli non-surgical hospitalized patients using data from electronic medical records. A single center, large-scale, historic cohort study of hospitalized non-surgical patients was conducted. Outcomes included clinically diagnosed symptomatic VTE events, bleeding events, and mortality during hospitalization and up to 90 days thereafter, and readmission up to 90 days after discharge. 5117 patient records were analyzed after screening and validation. 1120 (22%) patients were defined per PPS as high-risk, of which 277 (24.7%) were prophylactically treated. The low-risk group included 3997 (78%) patients. Prevalence of symptomatic VTE was low. Overall, 14 (0.27%) VTE events were diagnosed: 3 cases in the high-risk group (0.27%) and 11 (0.28%) in the low-risk group, with no significant difference, p = 0.768. Prophylactic treatment among the high-risk patients did not significantly improve VTE incidence: 1/277 (0.36%) treated vs. 2/843 (0.24%), p = 0.343. There was no significant difference between the study groups regarding the rates of bleeding, unexplained mortality or readmission. PPS was not found to be an efficient tool for identification of non-surgical hospitalized patients with high risk for clinically significant VTE.
Operando analysis of electronic band structure in an all-solid-state thin-film battery
Authors: Hikima Kazuhiro , Shimizu Keisuke , Kiuchi Hisao , Hinuma Yoyo , Suzuki Kota , Hirayama Masaaki , Matsubara Eiichiro , Kanno Ryoji 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMaterial characterization that informs research and development of batteries is generally based on well-established ex situ and in situ experimental methods that do not consider the band structure. This is because experimental extraction of structural information for liquid-electrolyte batteries is extremely challenging. However, this hole in the available experimental data negatively affects the development of new battery systems. Herein, we determined the entire band structure of a model thin-film solid-state battery with respect to an absolute potential using operando hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy by treating the battery as a semiconductor device. We confirmed drastic changes in the band structure during charging, such as interfacial band bending, and determined the electrolyte potential window and overpotential location at high voltage. This enabled us to identify possible interfacial side reactions, for example, the formation of the decomposition layer and the space charge layer. Notably, this information can only be obtained by evaluating the battery band structure during operation. The obtained insights deepen our understanding of battery reactions and provide a novel protocol for battery design.
S-shaped dependence of the sound pressure level in outdoor propagation on the effective sound speed gradient
Authors: Hohenwarter Dieter , Mursch-Radlgruber Erich , Kirisits Christian 
Published: April 2022

The effective sound speed gradient is used to describe the meteorological conditions during sound measurements at roads and railways. Meteorological parameters were assessed up to a height of 10 m. The sound level differences between a reference point close to the passing vehicles and at distances of 100–500 m from motorways and railway tracks were determined. These differences were found to correlate well with the effective sound speed gradient determined from the measured temperature and wind speed gradients which follow the day/night cycle as a result of the reversing air temperature gradient, incoming solar radiation and wind conditions. The correlation with sound level differences can be approximated by an S-shaped function which is constant for large positive or negative gradients of the effective sound speed. These threshold values are a consequence of the local meteorological and attenuation conditions. The analysis shows that large effective sound speed gradients are mainly a result of the wind conditions whereas gradients without a substantial wind speed contribution are low and a result of the temperature gradient. In the distance range between 150 m and 250 m, the meteorological influences cause a level increase of 3–4 dB(A) for downward refracted sound rays (favourable sound propagation) compared to a situation without meteorological influence (effective sound speed gradient of zero). In the same distance range, meteorological conditions cause a maximum sound level attenuation of 5–10 dB(A) for upward curved sound rays (unfavourable sound propagation).
Struktur- und Qualitätsempfehlungen zur invasiven Behandlung der extrakraniellen Karotisstenose
Authors: Storck Martin 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Versorgungsqualität bei Eingriffen an der extrakraniellen A. carotis wird von der
Expertise des Operateurs, indirekt somit auch von Mindestmengen und außerdem von
Strukturmerkmalen der behandelnden Einrichtungen beeinflusst. In einer kurzen Übersicht werden
aktuelle Analysen aus dem Bereich der Versorgungsforschung sowie die aktuellen
Leitlinien-Empfehlungen dargelegt. Die Mindestmenge von 20 Eingriffen pro Jahr bei Operationen
(CEA) und 10 Eingriffen bei Stentangioplastien (CAS) sollte nach derzeitiger Empfehlung nicht
unterschritten werden. Eine 24-Stunden-Verfügbarkeit von Fachärzten sowie der
Bildgebungsverfahren (CT, MRA) wird empfohlen, optimalerweise auch eine organisierte enge
Kooperation mit Neuro-Interventionalisten sowie einer Stroke Unit.
Renale Denervation – Phoenix aus der Asche
Authors: Weil Joachim 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungDie arterielle Hypertonie ist eine häufige und meistens unzureichend behandelte Erkrankung, die für eine Vielzahl von kardiovaskulären Komplikationen verantwortlich ist. Aufgrund der
schlechten Therapieadhärenz resultieren Lebensstiländerungen und die medikamentöse Dauertherapie häufig nicht in einer ausreichenden Blutdrucksenkung. Die renale Denervation (RDN) hat damit
das Potenzial, die bisherigen Strategien zur Therapie der arteriellen Hypertonie sinnvoll zu ergänzen. Unlängst haben mehrere randomisierte, unabhängige Studien das biologische Konzept der
RDN eindeutig nachgewiesen. Dabei entspricht die erreichte Blutdrucksenkung im Mittel etwa dem eines Antihypertonikums. Unabhängig von der Therapietreue des Patienten ist die Wirkung
anhaltend. Weitere klinische Untersuchung werden derzeit durchgeführt, um die bisherigen Ergebnisse zu festigen und bislang ungeklärte Fragen zu beantworten.
Die polyvaskuläre Erkrankung – eine Übersicht über die Datenlage und Managementstrategien
Authors: Linden Fabian , Frey Norbert , Erbel Christian 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungAls die polyvaskuläre Erkrankung (PVE) wird eine relevante Atherosklerose in 2 oder mehr
Gefäßregionen bezeichnet. Die möglichen Gefäßregionen sind die Koronarien, zerebrovaskuläre
und periphere Gefäße, welche häufig gleichzeitig betroffen sind. Dieses Patientenkollektiv hat
ein relevant erhöhtes Risiko für zukünftige kardiovaskuläre Ereignisse und Letalität und
sollte eine intensive Primär- und Sekundärprävention erhalten. Neue individuelle
Therapiestrategien beinhalten intensivierte antithrombotische und lipidsenkende Maßnahmen und
die optimale Einstellung eines Diabetes mellitus. Zur interventionellen Versorgung bei häufig
hohem OP-Risiko steht ein breites Spektrum in allen Gefäßgebieten zur Verfügung.
Update: Antikoagulationstherapie bei tumorassoziierter venöser Thromboembolie
Authors: Riess Hanno 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungBei Tumorpatienten sind symptomatische und sogenannte inzidentelle tiefe
Venenthrombosen und Lungenembolien häufig. Es wird eine prolongierte, regelhaft über 3
Monate hinausgehende Antikoagulation empfohlen, wobei die therapiebedingte Zunahme eines
bei Malignompatienten vorbestehend erhöhten Blutungsrisikos besonderer Berücksichtigung
bedarf. Zusätzlich zu der bisher empfohlenen parenteralen Gabe niedermolekularer
Heparine von Tumorpatienten stehen nun auch orale Faktor-Xa-Inhibitoren mit hohem
Evidenzniveau gleichwertig für die Initialtherapie und Sekundärprophylaxe zur Verfügung.
Die individuelle Entscheidung über Art, Dauer und Intensität der Antikoagulation sollte
neben den tumorentitätsspezifischen Risiken für Blutungen und Rezidivthrombosen auch
präparatespezifische Charakteristika, Therapiekosten und die Patientenpräferenz
einbeziehen.
Erfolgreiche Behandlung von chylösem Aszites bei einer
58-jährigen Patientin durch Ernährungstherapie
Authors: Baur Christina , Meissl Stephanie , Ebert Matthias 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungChylöser Aszites ist eine milchig-trübe peritoneale
Flüssigkeit, die als Leckage von Lymphflüssigkeit in die
Bauchhöhle entsteht. Ursächlich kann neben Malignomen und einer
Leberzirrhose auch eine operative Verletzung der Lymphgefäße
sein. Bei insgesamt geringen Fallzahlen gibt es keine standardisierten
Therapieempfehlungen. Durch parentale Ernährung und eine fettarme
Diät konnten wir eine 58-jährige Patientin mit postoperativem
chylösem Aszites erfolgreich behandeln.