bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The expanding family of neutrophil‐derived extracellular vesicles
Authors: Marki Alex , Ley Klaus 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNeutrophils are immune cells involved in several inflammatory and homeostatic processes. Their capacity to release cargo can be classified based on whether the cargo is released on its own, or in conjunction with plasma membrane structures. Examples of plasma membrane‐free secretion modes are degranulation, neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) release, and cytokine release through inflammasome formation. The most studied membrane‐covered neutrophil‐derived structures are exosomes and ectosomes that are collectively called extracellular vesicles (EV). Apoptotic vesicles are another recognized EV subtype. Over the last decade, additional membrane‐covered neutrophil‐derived structures were characterized: migratory cytoplasts, migrasomes, and elongated neutrophil‐derived structures (ENDS). All these structures are smaller than the neutrophils, cannot reproduce themselves, and thus meet the latest consensus definition of EVs. In this review, we focus on the less well‐studied neutrophil EVs: apoptotic vesicles, cytoplasts, migrasomes, and ENDS.
Perceived sleep quality predicts aggressive offending in adolescence and young adulthood
Authors: Brown Colleen , Beardslee Jordan , Frick Paul J. , Steinberg Laurence D. , Cauffman Elizabeth 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundThere are profound consequences when developing youth do not get adequate sleep. Adolescents who experience poor sleep may be more likely to engage in offending behavior. While there is a documented association between the number of hours youth sleep and their likelihood of offending, it is unclear how youths' perceptions of their sleep quality contribute to offending. Further, scholars have yet to rigorously examine the relation between sleep problems and offending in young adulthood, a developmental stage, which is both critical for desistance and in which sleep may play an important role.MethodsUsing a sample of 1,216 justice‐involved male youth, this study uses within‐individual longitudinal methods (fixed‐effects Poisson regression models) to examine the relation between changes in perceptions of sleep quality and changes in offending behavior from ages 13 to 24.ResultsIncreases in sleep problems are associated with increases in offending, particularly aggressive/person‐related offenses, for both adolescents and young adults. This holds true even after controlling for time‐varying anxiety, substance use, and violence exposure.ConclusionsImproving sleep quality may be critical for reducing aggressive behavior in at‐risk adolescents and young adults. Interventions that address sleep quality, and not just quantity, may be particularly beneficial.
Tp47 promoted the phagocytosis of HMC3 cells though autophagy induced by endoplamic reticlum stress
Authors: Li W. , Li Q.‐L. , Xu Q.‐Y. , Wang X.‐T. , Yang T.‐C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundCentral nervous system damage is an essential clinical feature that occurs in the early or late stages of syphilis infection. The abnormal enhancement of microglial phagocytosis can cause damage to the nervous system. However, the contribution of abnormally enhanced microglial phagocytosis to the pathogenesis of Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum (T. pallidum) infection remains unknown.ObjectivesIn this study, we sought to determine the role of recombinant T. pallidum Tp47 in promoting microglia phagocytosis and its associated mechanisms.MethodsMicroglial HMC3 cells were used to investigate the effect of the Tp47 on phagocytosis and the roles of autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress in Tp47‐induced phagocytosis.ResultsHMC3 cells exhibited obvious phagocytosis when stimulated with Tp47. The levels of P62 degradation, Beclin1 expression and the LC3II/LC3I ratio were significantly elevated, and the fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes was promoted in Tp47‐stimulated HMC3 cells. Treatment with the autophagy inhibitors 3‐MA and Baf A1 inhibited Tp47‐induced phagocytosis. Meanwhile, the endoplasmic reticulum stress markers PERK, IRE1α, GRP78, ATF4 and XBP1s were upregulated in Tp47‐stimulated HMC3 cells. In addition, we found that TUDCA could inhibit Tp47‐induced expression of IRE1α but not PERK or ATF4. 4‐PBA inhibited TP47‐induced PERK and ATF4 protein expression but did not inhibit IRE1α expression. Attenuation of endoplasmic reticulum stress by administration of TUDCA and 4‐PBA abrogated Tp47‐mediated autophagy.ConclusionsThese results suggested that Tp47 activated autophagy through two key pathways associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress, PERK/ATF4 and IRE1/XBP1, to promote phagocytosis in HMC3 cells. These findings provided a basis for the understanding of the pathophysiology of neurological disorders that occur during the course of syphilis.
Mid‐range theories about families: A primer and introduction to the special issue
Authors: Adamsons Kari , Crossman Kimberly A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThere is a dearth of research in family science that truly uses theory to inform its hypotheses, methods, analyses, and interpretation of findings. On the deductive side, scholars often engage in “post hoc theorizing,” adding on whatever theory seems to fit their findings after the fact, or fail to mention the theory at all. Similar problems exist with inductive research, with far more scholars claiming to use a grounded theory approach, for example, than actually engaging in the development of theory from their data. Mid‐range theories are a promising entry point for scholars to engage in theorizing. Mid‐range theories constitute the “middle ground” between formal theories and empirical generalizations, using theoretical constructs and propositions to explain or predict a particular phenomenon. This special issue brings together scholars across different theoretical frameworks and topics to theorize about families, and this introductory article presents strategies for teaching and engaging in mid‐range theorizing.
OsCPL3 is involved in brassinosteroid signaling by regulating OsGSK2 stability
Authors: Gong Luping , Liao Shenghao , Duan Wen , Liu Yongqiang , Zhu Dongmei , Zhou Xiaosheng , Xue Baoping , Chu Chengcai , Liang Yun‐Kuan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGlycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) proteins play key roles in brassinosteroid (BR) signaling during plant growth and development by phosphorylating various substrates. However, how GSK3 protein stability and activity are themselves modulated is not well understood. Here, we demonstrate in vitro and in vivo that C‐TERMINAL DOMAIN PHOSPHATASE‐LIKE 3 (OsCPL3), a member of the RNA Pol II CTD phosphatase‐like family, physically interacts with OsGSK2 in rice (Oryza sativa). OsCPL3 expression was widely detected in various tissues and organs including roots, leaves and lamina joints, and was induced by exogenous BR treatment. OsCPL3 localized to the nucleus, where it dephosphorylated OsGSK2 at the Ser‐222 and Thr‐284 residues to modulate its protein turnover and kinase activity, in turn affecting the degradation of BRASSINAZOLE‐RESISTANT 1 (BZR1) and BR signaling. Loss of OsCPL3 function resulted in higher OsGSK2 abundance and lower OsBZR1 levels, leading to decreased BR responsiveness and alterations in plant morphology including semi‐dwarfism, leaf erectness and grain size, which are of fundamental importance to crop productivity. These results reveal a previously unrecognized role for OsCPL3 and add another layer of complexity to the tightly controlled BR signaling pathway in plants.
Effects of freeze–thaw cycles on the texture of Nanguo pear
Authors: Cao Xuehui , Bai Ge , Zheng Jianrong , Zhu Danshi , Li Jianrong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFreezing is a way to preserve the quality of fruit for a long time. Nanguo pear stored at low temperature is prone to browning and lignification. In this study, freeze–thaw cycles were used to simulate the temperature fluctuation in the process, storage, and transportation. The texture properties were taken as the research focus to analyze the lignification phenomenon of Nanguo pear under freeze–thaw cycles. The results showed that freeze–thaw treatment significantly reduced the firmness and propectin content of Nanguo pear, increased the content of stone cells in the fruit, but also destroyed the size of stone cells in the fruit. However, with the increase of freezing–thawing cycles, the content of lignin, stone cell content, and PAL activity increased significantly, while the content of chlorogenic acid increased first and then decreased. These results are helpful to further understand the correlation between texture change with fruit firmness and formation mechanism of stone cells during freeze–thaw cycles of Nanguo pear.
Improving detectability of dolphin signature whistles for capture‐recapture analysis: an examination of array configuration using real‐world data
Authors: Fearey Jack , H. Elwen Simon , Distiller Greg , Gridley Tess 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAbundance estimates of cetaceans are often acquired through capture‐recapture analysis of photographically identified individuals. An alternative method, using capture‐recapture of individually distinct signature whistles detected from acoustic underwater recording units, has recently been demonstrated. Here we investigate the effect of array configuration (1–3 hydrophones within 0.45 km2) and recording duty cycles (six variations of 33%, 50%, or 66% sampling periods) on the detection rate of dolphin signature whistles. Twenty‐one signature whistle types were identified and used to create capture histories for each hydrophone and all potential array configurations. Open population models were used to estimate capture probabilities and precision for all data sets. The effect of different duty cycles on detectability were investigated by artificially applying six duty cycles to the continuously recorded data. Results demonstrate that location is more important than redundancy in small‐scale arrays, even with detection distances as small as 750 m, and that duty cycling can increase survey durations without decreasing detectability. To acoustically sample intermittent signals of dispersed populations, it is more effective to space hydrophones further apart, in known high‐use areas. This study provides insight into the application of capture‐recapture to signature whistles, improving methods for long‐term, noninvasive monitoring of elusive delphinids.
Body care of older people in different institutionalized settings: A systematic mapping review of international nursing research from a Scandinavian perspective
Authors: Rosendal Kirstine A. , Lehn Sine , Overgaard Dorthe 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBody care is considered a key aspect of nursing and imperative for the health, wellbeing, and dignity of older people. In Scandinavian countries, body care as a professional practice has undergone considerable changes, bringing new understandings, values, and dilemmas into nursing. A systematic mapping review was conducted with the aims of identifying and mapping international nursing research on body care of older people in different institutionalized settings in the healthcare system and to critically discuss the dominant assumptions within the research by adapting a problematization approach. Most identified papers reported on empirical research with a biomedical approach focusing on outcome and effectiveness. Conceptual papers, papers with a focus on the perspectives of the older people, or contextual and material aspects were lacking. The research field is dominated by four dominant assumptions: Body care as an evidence‐based practice, body care as a relational ethical practice, the body as a body‐object and a body‐subject, the objects in the body care practices as nonrelational materialities. Given the complexities of professional body care practices, there is a need for other research designs and theoretical perspectives within nursing that expand our understanding of body care taking into consideration the multiple social and material realities.
The war in Ukraine: Perspectives from peace history—A preliminary roundtable
Authors: Shaffer Robert 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe February 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine raises vital questions for peace activists and for those who study efforts to provide peaceful alternatives to international conflict. Five frequent contributors to Peace & Change present brief analyses of the current tragic circumstances in Ukraine, and international reactions to these circumstances, based on perspectives gleaned from peace activism and from studies of peace history.
Global policies to reduce pandemic intensified violence against women
Authors: Marye Stacey , Atav Serdar 
Published: June 2022

AbstractViolence against women (VAW) worsened globally during the Covid‐19 pandemic lockdowns. For example, a woman in France was killed every 3 days during lockdown. At the same time in South Africa, a woman was killed every 3 h. This paper presents and analyzes the risk factors that have worsened during the Covid‐19 pandemic lockdowns and the subsequent economic consequences of mitigation policies. The purpose of this paper is twofold: (a) to conduct a critical review of international extant literature regarding government policies related to VAW since the beginning of the worldwide Covid‐19 pandemic lockdowns that began in early 2020, and (b) to suggest opportunities for nurses to influence health policy development and social norms related to VAW. Thematic synthesis of the findings present interventions that helped to mitigate VAW during Covid‐19 and is followed by a discussion of findings in relation to social determinants of health and human rights. A gender‐based policy approach that focuses on the human right to be free of all forms of violence must be a leading strategy as governments reallocate resources and rebuild economies in the wake of this pandemic.
Replacement of fish meal with fermented plant proteins in the aquafeed industry: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Mugwanya Muziri , Dawood Mahmoud A. O. , Kimera Fahad , Sewilam Hani 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn the aquaculture feed industry, fishmeal is widely used as a source of animal protein due to its high palatability, excellent amino acid profile and increased digestibility. However, the incorporation of fishmeal in aquaculture diets increases the costs of production due to the declining wild fish stocks hence an urgent need to search for sustainable and cheaper alternative protein sources. The use of fermented plant proteins as substitutes for fishmeal in aquaculture diets has recently gained attention due to their improved nutritional quality, easy availability and low costs. Therefore, a systematic review and meta‐analysis were conducted to quantify the effects of fermented plant proteins as substitutes for fishmeal on the growth performance, feed utilisation, survival, antioxidant, metabolic and digestive enzyme activity of several aquaculture species. Results of the meta‐analysis indicated that replacement of fishmeal with fermented plant proteins in aquaculture diets enhanced the growth performance, feed utilisation, antioxidant and digestive enzyme activities of several aquaculture species regardless of experimental duration and source of fermented plant protein. Likewise, metabolic enzyme activity (i.e., Alanine aminotransferase and Aspartate aminotransferase) was reduced in experimental dietary treatment groups relative to the fishmeal control groups. To elucidate the influence of moderators on the observed effect sizes, a mixed‐effects model was conducted and the results indicated that fishmeal substitution levels and aquaculture species influenced the observed effect sizes in both antioxidant and digestive enzyme activity. No significant differences were noted in survival between the experimental dietary treatment groups and fishmeal control diets among all aquaculture species. However, carnivorous marine species exhibited lower values for specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio in experimental dietary treatment groups compared to the fishmeal control diets. Likewise, freshwater species exhibited poor FCR values in experimental dietary treatment groups relative to the fishmeal control diets. Overall, the replacement of fishmeal with fermented plant proteins in aquaculture diets is a safe and viable solution for increased and sustainable aquaculture production.
Do noneconomic damage caps reduce medical malpractice insurance premiums? Evidence from North Carolina
Authors: Yu Hao , Baker Olesya 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe impact of medical malpractice reforms, especially caps on noneconomic damages, is of special interest to policymakers and physicians. Adopting such caps has become rare during the past decade, and most existing analyses study state reforms occurring during periods of dramatic rises in malpractice insurance rates. This study contributes to the literature by examining how caps implemented in noncrisis periods affect malpractice premiums. It examines the effect of the 2011 North Carolina's adoption of a noneconomic damages cap by comparing county‐level malpractice premiums for three specialties between North Carolina and states without caps both before and after the reform. It finds little evidence of pre‐existing trends, followed by a lagged but significant reduction in premiums for each of the studied specialties in North Carolina. The timing and size of the effects are comparable to findings from the literature studying malpractice reforms passed during times of more dramatic liability trends.
Immigration, welfare, and inequality: How much does the labor market specification matter?
Authors: Docquier Frédéric , Ikhenaode Bright Isaac , Scheewel Hendrik 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGeneral equilibrium models are frequently used to estimate the effect of immigration on welfare and inequality in the host country. Existing studies differ in the way they formalize the labor market implications for natives, which in turn govern the strength of the other transmission mechanisms. To assess the extent to which the choice of the labor market specification influences the findings, we build an encompassing model that distinguishes between broad classes of individuals. We calibrate it for 20 selected OECD member states, and compare several specifications involving different assumptions on labor supply decisions, unemployment rates, and wage formation, as well as different calibration strategies. The size and the sign of the average welfare and distributional effects of immigration are robust to the labor market specification. Endogenizing unemployment and participation rates leads to slightly better welfare and distributional effects in most OECD countries but overall, adding margins of labor market adjustment barely affects the findings of models based on simpler assumptions.
Use of dental implants among older adults of two southern Brazilian cities: A population‐based cross‐sectional study
Authors: Muniz Francisco Wilker Mustafa Gomes , Fernandez Matheus dos Santos , Pacheco Karen Eymael , Martins Marcella Wohlfahrt , Trevisan Thais Carleso , Zatt Fernanda Pretto , Colussi Paulo Roberto Graffiti 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimTo assess the prevalence and associated factors with use of dental implants among older adults.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was performed with home dwelling older adults from the cities Cruz Alta and Veranópolis, Brazil. The main outcome was obtained by a clinical oral examination, considering those with at least one dental implant. Independent variables were collected by a structured questionnaire. Crude and adjusted analysis was performed by Poisson regression with robust variance estimation; results are presented in prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence interval.ResultsIt was included 569 participants. The overall prevalence of using at least one dental implant was 16.7%. Higher PR for the use of dental implants was observed in white individuals (PR:5.147; 95% CI:2.033–3.034), in those with at least medium income (PR:3.202; 95% CI:1.196–5.572) and in those with access to dental care in the last 12 months (RP:1.595; 95% CI:1.087–2.340). Older adults with a medium level of education (RP:0.484; 95% CI:0.240–0.978) and those that did not use dental floss (RP:0.627; 95% CI:0.240–0.978) demonstrated a significantly lower PR for use of dental implants.ConclusionA substantial prevalence of use of dental implants was observed among older adults. In addition, white ones, those with a better financial situation and users of dental floss presented higher use of dental implants.
Malignant hyperthermia in maxillofacial surgery: Literature review supported by case presentation
Authors: Aires Carolina Chaves Gama , de Souza Rosa Rayanne Lins , Amorim Jane Auxiliadora , Santos Fabiano Gouveia , Diniz Demóstenes Alves , Carneiro Suzana Célia de Aguiar Soares , Vasconcellos Ricardo José de Holanda 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveMalignant hyperthermia (MH) is characterized by a state of hypermetabolism after exposure to halogenated inhalational anesthetics or succinylcholine. The aims of this study were to carry out an updated review on the subject and report an illustrative case of MH in urgent maxillofacial surgery.Material and MethodsA search of the PubMed/MEDLINE database using the keyword “malignant hyperthermia” was performed including articles published over the last 11 years in English, Spanish or Portuguese. Exclusion criteria were similar presentations but not associated with MH and cases not related to the use of anesthetic drugs as a trigger of the condition.Case ReportA 45‐year‐old man (75 kg, ASA status IE) with a negative family history for neuromuscular diseases, victim of a car accident with a facial fracture, underwent surgery under balanced general anesthesia and developed signs of MH 4 h after anesthesia induction. In our patient, the causative agent was sevoflurane and the diagnosis of MH was confirmed, subsequently, by muscle biopsy.Results/DiscussionOverall, 44 cases of MH were found. According to the recent literature, MH shows a male predilection (3:1) and the mean age of patients is 32.2 ± 22.2 years. The most frequently cited causative agents were sevoflurane (30.5%), isoflurane (22.2%), and sevoflurane + succinylcholine (13.8%). The most common clinical indicators included hypercarbia (88.8%), hyperthermia (86.1%), and tachycardia (63.8%). Dantrolene was administered in 24 cases. The outcome was favorable in 31 cases (86.1%). The in vitro muscle contracture test (IVCT) was performed in only 15 patients and all of them tested positive. In our patient, the causative agent was sevoflurane and the diagnosis of MH was confirmed by muscle biopsy.ConclusionThe mortality from MH is still high and an early clinical diagnosis and specific treatment with dantrolene are necessary for a favorable outcome. A complete understanding will allow better management of patients with MH. At present, the best management is to identify susceptible patients and to avoid triggering agents, combined with vigilant monitoring.