bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Point‐of‐Care Platform for Rapid Multiplexed Detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 Variants and Respiratory Pathogens
Authors: Trick Alexander Y. , Chen Fan‐En , Chen Liben , Lee Pei‐Wei , Hasnain Alexander C. , Mostafa Heba H. , Carroll Karen C. , Wang Tza‐Huei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe rise of highly transmissible SARS‐CoV‐2 variants brings new challenges and concerns with vaccine efficacy, diagnostic sensitivity, and public health responses to end the pandemic. Widespread detection of variants is critical to inform policy decisions to mitigate further spread, and postpandemic multiplexed screening of respiratory viruses will be necessary to properly manage patients presenting with similar respiratory symptoms. In this work, a portable, magnetofluidic cartridge platform for automated polymerase chain reaction testing in <30 min is developed. Cartridges are designed for multiplexed detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 with either identification of variant mutations or screening for Influenza A and B. Moreover, the platform can perform identification of B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants and the multiplexed SARS‐CoV‐2/Influenza assay using archived clinical nasopharyngeal swab eluates and saliva samples. This work illustrates a path toward affordable and immediate testing with potential to aid surveillance of viral variants and inform patient treatment.
Dual‐Channel Flexible Strain Sensors Based on Mechanofluorescent and Conductive Hydrogel Laminates
Authors: Lin Guoqing , Si Muqing , Wang Longgang , Wei Shuxin , Lu Wei , Liu Hao , Zhang Yi , Li Danyang , Chen Tao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFlexible strain sensors are of great importance in many emerging applications for human motion monitoring, implanted devices, and human–machine interactive systems. However, the dual‐channel sensing systems that enable both strain‐dependent electronic and visually optical signal responses still remain underdeveloped, but such systems are of great interest for human–machine interactive uses. Here, inspired by the mechanically modulated skin color changes of squids via muscle contracting/releasing movements, a class of mechanofluorescent and conductive hydrogel laminates for visually flexible electronics is presented. The sensing laminates consist of interfacially bonded red fluorescent hydrogel, polydimethylsiloxane and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) film. Since the densely stacked microscopic CNTs film can be precisely stretched to induce the formation of network microcracks, the developed hydrogel laminates are endowed with simultaneous fluorescence‐color and resistance changes, which can function as dual‐channel flexible sensors for real‐time human motion monitoring. These properties make the bioinspired soft hydrogel laminate electronics quite promising in the flexible electronics field.
Supramolecular Radiosensitizer Based on Hypoxia‐Responsive Macrocycle
Authors: Hou Xiaoxue , Chang Yu‐Xuan , Yue Yu‐Xin , Wang Ze‐Han , Ding Fei , Li Zhi‐Hao , Li Hua‐Bin , Xu Yicheng , Kong Xianglei , Huang Fan , Guo Dong‐Sheng , Liu Jianfeng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRadiotherapy (RT) has been viewed as one of the most effective and extensively applied curatives in clinical cancer therapy. However, the radioresistance of tumor severely discounts the radiotherapy outcomes. Here, an innovative supramolecular radiotherapy strategy, based on the complexation of a hypoxia‐responsive macrocycle with small‐molecule radiosensitizer, is reported. To exemplify this tactic, a carboxylated azocalix[4]arene (CAC4A) is devised as molecular container to quantitatively package tumor sensitizer banoxantrone dihydrochloride (AQ4N) through reversible host–guest interaction. Benefited from the selective reduction of azo functional groups under hypoxic microenvironment, the supramolecular prodrug CAC4A•AQ4N exhibits high tumor accumulation and efficient cellular internalization, thereby significantly amplifying radiation‐mediated tumor destruction without appreciable systemic toxicity. More importantly, this supramolecular radiotherapy strategy achieves an ultrahigh sensitizer enhancement ratio (SER) value of 2.349, which is the supreme among currently reported noncovalent‐based radiosensitization approach. Further development by applying different radiosensitizing drugs can make this supramolecular strategy become a general platform for boosting therapeutic effect in cancer radiotherapies, tremendously promising for clinical translation.
Pressure Drives Rapid Burst‐Like Coordinated Cellular Motion from 3D Cancer Aggregates
Authors: Raghuraman Swetha , Schubert Ann‐Sophie , Bröker Stephan , Jurado Alejandro , Müller Annika , Brandt Matthias , Vos Bart E. , Hofemeier Arne D. , Abbasi Fatemeh , Stehling Martin , Wittkowski Raphael , Ivaska Johanna , Betz Timo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA key behavior observed during morphogenesis, wound healing, and cancer invasion is that of collective and coordinated cellular motion. Hence, understanding the different aspects of such coordinated migration is fundamental for describing and treating cancer and other pathological defects. In general, individual cells exert forces on their environment in order to move, and collective motion is coordinated by cell–cell adhesion‐based forces. However, this notion ignores other mechanisms that encourage cellular movement, such as pressure differences. Here, using model tumors, it is found that increased pressure drove coordinated cellular motion independent of cell–cell adhesion by triggering cell swelling in a soft extracellular matrix (ECM). In the resulting phenotype, a rapid burst‐like stream of cervical cancer cells emerged from 3D aggregates embedded in soft collagen matrices (0.5 mg mL−1). This fluid‐like pushing mechanism, recorded within 8 h after embedding, shows high cell velocities and super‐diffusive motion. Because the swelling in this model system critically depends on integrin‐mediated cell–ECM adhesions and cellular contractility, the swelling is likely triggered by unsustained mechanotransduction, providing new evidence that pressure‐driven effects must be considered to more completely understand the mechanical forces involved in cell and tissue movement as well as invasion.
Photomultiplication‐Type Organic Photodetectors for Near‐Infrared Sensing with High and Bias‐Independent Specific Detectivity
Authors: Xing Shen , Kublitski Jonas , Hänisch Christian , Winkler Louis Conrad , Li Tian‐yi , Kleemann Hans , Benduhn Johannes , Leo Karl 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHighly responsive organic photodetectors allow a plethora of applications in fields like imaging, health, security monitoring, etc. Photomultiplication‐type organic photodetectors (PM‐OPDs) are a desirable option due to their internal amplification mechanism. However, for such devices, significant gain and low dark currents are often mutually excluded since large operation voltages often induce high shot noise. Here, a fully vacuum‐processed PM‐OPD is demonstrated using trap‐assisted electron injection in BDP‐OMe:C60 material system. By applying only −1 V, compared with the self‐powered working condition, the responsivity is increased by one order of magnitude, resulting in an outstanding specific detectivity of ≈1013 Jones. Remarkably, the superior detectivity in the near‐infrared region is stable and almost voltage‐independent up to −10 V. Compared with two photovoltaic‐type photodetectors, these PM‐OPDs exhibit the great potential to be easily integrated with state‐of‐the‐art readout electronics in terms of their high responsivity, fast response speed, and bias‐independent specific detectivity. The employed vacuum fabrication process and the easy‐to‐adapt PM‐OPD concept enable seamless upscaling of production, paving the way to a commercially relevant photodetector technology.
Excessive Oxygen Peroxide Model‐Based Analysis of Positive‐Bias‐Stress and Negative‐Bias‐Illumination‐Stress Instabilities in Self‐Aligned Top‐Gate Coplanar In–Ga–Zn–O Thin‐Film Transistors
Authors: Choi Sungju , Park Jingyu , Hwang Seong‐Hyun , Kim Changwook , Kim Yong‐Sung , Oh Saeroonter , Baeck Ju Heyuck , Bae Jong Uk , Noh Jiyong , Lee Seok‐Woo , Park Kwon‐Shik , Kim Jeom‐Jae , Yoon Soo Young , Kwon Hyuck‐In , Kim Dae Hwan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAn excess oxygen‐peroxide‐based model that can simultaneously analyze the positive‐bias‐stress (PBS) and negative‐bias‐illumination‐stress (NBIS) instabilities in commercial self‐aligned top‐gate (SA‐TG) coplanar indium–gallium–zinc oxide (IGZO) thin‐film transistors (TFTs) is proposed herein. Existing studies have reported that the transition of oxygen vacancy (VO) charge states from VO0 to VO2+ is the dominant physical mechanism responsible for the negative shift of threshold voltage (VTH) under NBIS. However, in this study, it is observed that both the PBS and the NBIS stabilities of IGZO TFTs deteriorate at a faster rate as the amount of oxygen increases within the channel layer, implying that the conventional VO‐related defect model is inappropriate in elucidating the PBS and NBIS instabilities of commercial SA‐TG coplanar IGZO TFTs, where the channel layers are formed under high oxygen flow rates (OFRs) to make VTH positive. On the basis of the full‐energy range subgap density of states extracted before and after each stress from IGZO TFTs with different OFRs, it is determined that the generation and annihilation of the subgap states in the excess oxygen peroxide configuration are the dominant physical mechanisms for PBS and NBIS instabilities in commercial SA‐TG coplanar IGZO TFTs, respectively.
Density of solutions of formaldehyde in water and alcohols
Authors: Dyga Maximilian , Keller Andreas , Hasse Hans 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFormaldehyde is an important chemical that is mostly handled in aqueous solutions, which generally also contain methanol; furthermore, also solutions of formaldehyde in other alcohols are used. The density of these solutions is an important thermophysical property. The available models of the density of formaldehyde‐containing solutions, however, all have shortcomings, such as a poor accuracy or a limited range of applicability. Therefore, in the present work, a new model of the density in systems of the type (formaldehyde + water + alcohol) was developed. The alcohols that are presently included in the new model are methanol, 1‐propanol, and isoprenol; an extension to other alcohols is straightforward. The model was developed using literature data and extensive new density data measured in this work covering binary, ternary, and quarternary solutions of formaldehyde in water, methanol, 1‐propanol, and isoprenol at temperatures of K and formaldehyde concentrations of 0.06 − 0.30 g g−1.
Predictive molecular thermodynamic models for ionic liquids
Authors: Yu Gangqiang , Wei Zhong , Chen Kai , Guo Ruili , Lei Zhigang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPredictive molecular thermodynamic models can bridge the gap between the microscopic molecular level and macroscopic system scale. Over the past few decades, ionic liquids (ILs), as a class of green solvents and functional materials, have received widespread research interest in the field of chemical processing owing to their unique physicochemical merits. This review aims to provide an easy‐to‐read and exhaustive reference regarding state‐of‐the‐art predictive thermodynamic models for ILs, with more focuses on UNIFAC‐ and COSMO‐based models and various applications involving phase equilibrium prediction, guidance for IL screening and design, and building equilibrium stage models for separation processes. This review provides a theoretical perspective on the structure–property relationships between molecular structures and phase behaviors for the systems and the constituted components covering a multi‐scale viewpoint from molecular level to industrial scale. Moreover, the predictive capacities of different thermodynamic models are comprehensively compared.
Assessment of hydraulic performance and fouling control caused by pulse flow in hollow fiber membrane module
Authors: Qin Qingwen , Cheng Zhiyang , Jia Hui , Cui Zhao , Yang Guang , Sun Min , Wang Jie 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTo shed light on the effect of pulse flow on shear force and membrane fouling, the pulse frequency and flow velocity based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensing technology were studied. The results show that there is a threshold for this synergy between the pulse frequency and flow velocity, which forms more easily at a high pulse frequency and low flow velocity. Moreover, the transition from pulse flow to continuous flow affects the shear force distribution with the membrane module height. Besides, at the same volumetric flow, Re gradually reaches a plateau as the pulse frequency increases from 1 to 5 Hz, and the membrane fouling control has a better flux recovery, which can reach a maximum of 28.89%. Finally, the results also show that the combined effect of high pulse frequency and low flow velocity would be higher than that of low pulse frequency and high flow velocity.
Atomistic insight into the lubrication of glycerol aqueous solution: The role of the solid interface‐induced microstructure of fluid molecules
Authors: Qin Yao , You Yajing , Jin Guangzheng , Zhu Wei , Zhu Yudan , Wang Qiutian , Lu Xiaohua , Shi Yijun 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMolecular dynamics simulations are performed to investigate the solid surface‐induced microstructure and friction coefficient of glycerol aqueous solutions with different water contents confined in graphene and FeO nanoslits. Results show that the friction coefficient of glycerol aqueous solutions confined in both nanoslits presents similar nonlinear variation tendencies with increasing water content, but their lowest value and the corresponding water contents differ. Distinctive microstructures of the near‐surface liquid layer induced by surfaces with different hydrophilicity are responsible for their difference in lubrication. The sliding primarily occurs at the solid–liquid interface for the hydrophobic graphene nanoslit owing to almost the same velocity difference in fluid molecules. By contrast, the sliding mainly occurs at the liquid–liquid interface for the hydrophilic FeO nanoslit because of the large velocity difference in fluid molecules. The weaker the interaction force at the sliding position, the lower the friction coefficient.
Bilateral choanal stenosis in auriculocondylar syndrome caused by a PLCB4 variant
Authors: Peart Lé Shon , Gonzalez Joanna , Bivona Stephanie , Latchman Kumarie , Torres Leonardo ,   Undiagnosed Diagnosis Network, Tekin Mustafa 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAuriculocondylar syndrome (ARCND) is characterized by a distinguished feature of question mark ears and a variation of other minor and major malformations. Monoallelic or biallelic PLCB4 variants have been reported in a subset of affected individuals, referred to as ARCND2. We report on a 3‐year‐old female with ARCND who presented at birth with question mark ears, micrognathia, and bilateral choanal stenosis that was characterized by difficulty in breathing. She was found to be heterozygous for a novel PLCB4 variant, p.Glu358Gly. Respiratory distress is rare in autosomal dominant ARCND2 and choanal stenosis has not been reported. Our study expands the clinical phenotype of ARCND by adding choanal stenosis as a finding and suggests that PLCB4 play a role in the development of choanal structures.
A decade of proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus) population monitoring in Balikpapan Bay: Confronting predictions with empirical data
Authors: Toulec Tadeáš , Lhota Stanislav , Scott Katherine , Putera Alexander K. S. , Kustiawan Wawan , Nijman Vincent 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSystematic and well‐structured monitoring is essential for taxa with high extinction risk such as primates. Endangered proboscis monkeys Nasalis larvatus are endemic to Borneo, where they are found scattered across lowland habitats of the island, which are under strong anthropogenic pressure. A large population of proboscis monkeys in Balikpapan Bay, Indonesian Borneo, was predicted to decline due to the ongoing habitat loss and degradation, notably because of forest fires. We examined changes in the number and composition of groups of a part of this population from 2007 to 2017, which included a period of forest fires linked to the El Niño–Southern Oscillation events. We conducted a census from a boat; attempting to locate all proboscis monkey groups within the Balikpapan City administrative area in 2007, 2012, and 2017. During the most recent census, we observed a total number of 60 proboscis monkey groups in two subpopulations. The population density was 1.14 group per km2 of suitable habitat. Contrary to previously published predictions, we did not find evidence of a population decline. Contrary to predictions, the 2015 El Niño induced fires impacted mainly forests on ridges and slopes, thus affecting only a small part of the proboscis monkey habitat located close to rivers and mangrove swamps. However, the increasing population density of monkeys, coupled with ongoing habitat degradation and habitat loss in one of the subpopulations, suggests that proboscis monkey population in Balikpapan Bay may be approaching a limit of resilience to habitat changes. In case it proves infeasible to census all individuals in the whole population, we recommend using a group‐level census, connected with systematic group counts to obtain a reasonably precise proboscis monkey population size estimate.
Phenytoin versus other antiepileptic drugs as treatments for status epilepticus in adults: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Hoshiyama Eisei , Kumasawa Junji , Uchida Masatoshi , Hifumi Toru , Moriya Takashi , Ajimi Yasuhiko , Miyake Yasufumi , Kondo Yutaka , Yokobori Shoji ,   for the Japan Resuscitation Council (JRC) Neuroresuscitation Task Force and the Guidelines Editorial Committee
Published: January 2022

AimStatus epilepticus (SE) is a life‐threatening neurological emergency. There is insufficient evidence regarding which antiepileptic therapy is most effective in patients with benzodiazepine‐refractory convulsive SE. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate intravenous phenytoin (PHT) and other intravenous antiepileptic medications for SE.MethodsWe searched PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Igaku Chuo Zasshi for published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in humans up to August 2019. We compared outcomes between intravenous PHT and other intravenous medications. The important primary composite outcomes were the successful clinical cessation of seizures, mortality, and neurological outcomes at discharge. The reliability of the level of evidence for each outcome was compared using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach.ResultsA total of 1,103 studies were identified from the databases, and 10 RCTs were included in the analysis. The ratio of successful clinical seizure cessation was significantly lower (risk ratio [RR] 0.89; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.82–0.97) for patients treated with intravenous PHT than with other medications. When we compared mortality and neurological outcomes at discharge, we observed no significant differences between patients treated with PHT and those treated with other medications. The RRs were 1.07 (95% CI, 0.55–2.08) and 0.91 (95% CI, 0.72–1.15) for mortality and neurological outcomes at discharge, respectively.ConclusionsOur findings showed that intravenous PHT was significantly inferior to other medications in terms of the cessation of seizures. No significant differences were observed in mortality or neurological outcomes between PHT and other medications.
Precipitation copolymerization of methyl methacrylate/meth‐acrylate acid in supercritical carbon dioxide
Authors: Zhang Shoucun , Wang Shengyan , Bian Yujing , Xue Min , Guo Shengwei , Wu Wenli 
Published: January 2022

AbstractUtilizing 2,2′‐azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN) as the initiator, the copolymerization of methyl methacrylate/methacrylate acid is performed by precipitation copolymerization. The effects of pressure, initiation concentration, the methacrylic acid (MA) concentration, and small amount of water are investigated separately. The morphology and molecular weight are analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and gel permeation chromatography, respectively. The results indicates that the concentration of MA or AIBN affects the molecular weight greatly, and the maximum molecular weight reaches 213 kDa. The morphology of samples exhibits a certain degree of agglomeration. Most samples are obtained as free‐flowing powder with numerous spherical bulges under a proper polymerization condition.
Effects of the species of crosslinking reagents on the structures and properties of biodegradable poly (butanediol sebacate ‐ butanediol terephthalate) copolyester
Authors: Li Zhimao , Li Yingchun , He Maoyong , Wang Wensheng , Li Jie 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn the present study, poly(butylene sebacate‐co‐terephthalate)s having different crosslinking reagents were synthesized with a random distribution by a two‐step esterification and one‐step polycondensation process. In detail, the using crosslinking agents were included trimethylolethane (TME), trimethylolpropane, tris(hydroxymethyl)aminoethane, glycerol (GL). Particularly, CS refers to a sample with no crosslinking agent added. The copolyester with TME was the least crystalline sample, and the melting peaks of all copolyesters corresponding to both, sebacate and terephthalate‐rich phases were still observable in second calorimetric heating runs. These copolyesters were associated with interesting thermal and mechanical properties. The melting points of all samples were higher than 118°C and the puncture resistance and tensile strength of GL, the tear strength of TME, and the Young's modulus of all samples have been improved. Enzymatic degradability was assessed and the effect of composition and crystallinity on the degradation rate was investigated. The copolyester adding GL appears as a highly promising biodegradable material since it showed a significant weight loss during exposure to all selected degradation media, but also exhibited good performance and properties that were comparable to those characteristic of polyethylene. In brief, the improvement of PBSeT's puncture resistance, tear strength, and degradation performance is extremely important for the development and promotion of degradable foam, film, and elastomer materials.
Multi‐dimensional Taylor network‐based control for a class of nonlinear stochastic systems with full state time‐varying constraints and the finite‐time output constraint
Authors: Wang Ming‐Xin , Zhu Shan‐Liang , Han Yu‐Qun 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this paper, the adaptive multi‐dimensional Taylor network (MTN) control problem is investigated for nonlinear stochastic systems with full state time‐varying constraints and the finite‐time output constraint. By combining the MTN‐based approximation method and the adaptive backstepping control method, a novel adaptive MTN control scheme is provided by constructing the time‐varying barrier Lyapunov function (TVBLF). To implement the finite‐time output constraint, the finite‐time performance function (FTPF) is introduced in the control scheme. The proposed scheme can ensure that the tracking error finally converges to a small neighborhood of the origin in the finite‐time and all signals in the closed‐loop system are semi‐globally uniformly ultimately bounded (SGUUB) in probability. Finally, two simulation examples are presented to show the effectiveness of the provided control scheme.