bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutritional Benefit of Remnant Gastric Preservation in Patients with Esophageal Cancer Undergoing Radical Esophagectomy and Right Colon Interposition
Authors: Kitadani Junya , Ojima Toshiyasu , Hayata Keiji , Goda Taro , Takeuchi Akihiro , Katsuda Masahiro , Tominaga Shinta , Fukuda Naoki , Nakai Tomoki , Nagano Shotaro , Yamaue Hiroki 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
This retrospective study aimed to investigate the short-term surgical outcomes and nutritional status of right colon interposition in patients with esophageal cancer who could not undergo gastric tube reconstruction.
Methods
64 patients underwent subtotal esophagectomy with reconstruction using right colon interposition for esophageal cancer at Wakayama Medical University Hospital between January 2001 and July 2020.
Results
18 patients had cologastrostomy and 46 patients had colojejunostomy. The median operation time in the cologastorostomy group was significantly shorter than that in the colojejunostomy group (494 minutes vs. 600 minutes; P = 0.0013). And, the median amount of blood loss in the cologastrostomy group was significantly less than that in the colojejunostomy group (209 ml vs. 485 ml; P = 0.037). The perforation of colon graft was observed in 3 patients (7%) and colon graft necrosis was observed in 1 patient (2%) were each observed in the gastrojejunostomy group. Median body weight change in one year after surgery in the cologastrostomy group was significantly less than that of the colojejunostomy group (93.6% vs. 86.8%; P = 0.041). Further, each of median serum total protein level and serum albumin level in one year after surgery in the cologastrostomy group was significantly higher than that of the colojejunostomy group (7.0g/dL vs. 6.5g/dL, P = 0.024, 3.9g/dL vs. 3.6g/dL, P = 0.045).
Conclusions
Subtotal esophagectomy with reconstruction using right colon interposition is a safe and feasible procedure for the patients with esophageal cancer in whom gastric tubes cannot be used. Cologastrostomy with preserving remnant stomach had benefits of the surgical outcomes and the postoperative nutritional status.
A molecular-engineered rotaxane overcomes longstanding biofluid-challenges and enables optical tryptophan detection in human serum
Authors: Krämer Joana , Grimm Laura , Zhong Chunting , Hirtz Michael , Biedermann Frank 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Despite excelling in simple solvent mixtures, almost all known supramolecular chemosensors cannot be applied in real biofluids due to their adverse interactions with salts, proteins, and other biomolecules. Instead of following the established strategy of searching for alternative synthetic binders with improved affinity and selectivity parameters, we herein report a molecular engineering approach that specifically addresses this bio¬fluid challenge. The developed dual-macrocycle rotaxane is the first supramolecular system that can sense the biomarker tryptophan in biofluids at physiological relevant concentrations, even in protein- and lipid-containing blood serum. Moreover, this chemosensor is used for emission-based high-throughput screening in a microplate format, in label-free enzymatic reaction monitoring, and in chirality sensing through induced circular dichroism. Printed sensor chips with surface-immobilized microarrays of this rotaxane were used for fluorescence microscopy imaging of tryptophan. Our chemosensor achieves a long-awaited applicability in complex biomedia and will foster future applications of supramolecular sensors for molecular diagnostics.
Early effects of ovariectomy on bone microstructure, bone turnover markers and mechanical properties in rats
Authors: Guo Xingman , Yu Xiyue , Yao Qianqian , Qin Jian 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Fragility fracture is one of the most serious consequences of female aging, which can increase the risk of death. Therefore, paying attention to the pathogenesis of PMOP is very important for elderly women.Methods and materials: Forty 12-week-old female rats were divided into two groups including the ovariectomy group and the control group. Four rats in each group were selected at 1, 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks after operation. Vertebral bodies and femurs were dissected completely for micro-CT scanning, biological modulus detection and histomorphological observation.Results: In OVX group, BV/TV, Conn.D and Tb.N decreased significantly with time (P＜0.05). The elastic modulus of femur in OVX group was lower than that in control group, but there was no significant difference between them (P＞0.05). Over time, the TRAP, BGP, PINP and CTX-I in OVX group increased significantly (P＜0.05). The micrographs of the OVX group showed sparse loss of the trabecular interconnectivity and widening intertrabecular spaces over time. Conclusion: The bone turnover rate of OVX rats in the early stage of estrogen deficiency increased. The bone loss patterns of vertebral body and femur were different, and the changes of biomechanical properties weren’t obvious.
Prognostic biomarker IL17A correlated with immune infiltrates in head and neck cancer
Authors: Yu Meng , Qian XingXing , Li Guang , Cheng Zexing , Lin Zhijie 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective
The underlying functions and mechanisms of the Th17 pathway in Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) progression and tumor immunology are still unclear. We investigated the correlation between IL17A expression and certain clinical parameters, tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) in TCGA HNSCC samples.
Methods
HNSCC files from the TCGA database were analyzed to obtain data on immune system infiltrates, gene expression, and related clinical information. R(Version 3.6.3) software, GEPIA and TIMER online analysis tools were used to profile the relationship between the expression of IL17A and the prognosis, clinical stages, survival status and immune cell tumor-infiltrating levels of HNSCC patients. GEPIA and TIMER online analysis tools were used to verify the data.
Results
The expression of IL17A was significantly decreased in tumor tissues from HNSCC. IL17A expression was associated with M, N stage, lymphovascular invasion and patients OS event. GSEA revealed that IL17A was closely related to humoral immune response, T cells response and cytokine signal. TCGA database and TIMER online analysis indicated that the B cells and T cells levels were correlated with IL17A. The correlation between IL17A expression and correlated genes was analyzed.
Conclusion
IL-17A plays a key role in HNSCC. The levels of IL17A are important values for the determination of the occurrence and development of the HNSCC. The IL17A and correlated genes may be potential immunotherapeutic targets for HNSCC.
Heat flux Distribution Model and Transient Temperature Field Analysis in Grinding of Helical Raceway
Authors: Guo Zongfu , Yi Jun , Hu Xiaoping , Wang Jiugen , Zhao Kun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
To solve the problem of low processing efficiency of screw helical raceway by using high-efficiency grinding technology, this paper carried out theoretical, simulation and experimental analysis on the grinding temperature which mainly affects the selection of high-efficiency grinding process parameters. First, based on the distribution characteristics of the grinding allowance of the screw helical raceway, the analysis shows that the geometry of the grinding contact area is trapezoidal. Then, based on the existing triangular heat flux distribution model of the rectangular contact area, two heat flux distribution models of the triangle and the concave triangle are proposed according to the characteristics of the trapezoidal contact area. Finally, the plane grinding experiment was carried out to correct the simulation parameters, and the modified simulation parameters were used to predict the grinding temperature of the screw raceway, so as to achieve the maximum removal efficiency and avoid burns. The analysis results show that the highest temperature in the grinding area is on the lowest point of the helical raceway, and the temperature and temperature gradient in the grinding area obtained by using the concave triangular heat flux distribution model are the highest. By comparing the process parameters for the onset of grinding burns predicted by simulation and experimentally, the temperature predicted by the concave triangle heat flux distribution model in the trapezoidal contact area is higher than the actual temperature, while the temperature predicted by the triangle heat flux distribution model in the trapezoidal contact area is lower than the actual temperature.
Evaluation of polymorphic variants in apoptotic genes (Bcl-2 / Bax) and their roles in the development of myeloproliferative disorders (hematological malignancies) a case-controlled study.
Authors: Moawad Mamdouh Shafig , Tayeb Faris J J , Mir Rashid 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background:BCL2 and Bax play important roles in the regulation of apoptosis. The Bax-G(-248)A AND Bcl-2-938C>A polymorphisms in the promoter region were associated with low Bax expression, and high Bcl-2 expression, respectively. These likely affect on hematological malignancies on different parameters such as advanced stage, treatment resistance, and short overall survival. This is a case-controlled study aimed to evaluate the association of Bcl-2-938C>A and Bax-248G>A in leukemias causation.Methodology: The study included 218 subjects, among which 108 were leukemia patients and 110 healthy controls, and G(-248)A and Bcl-2-938C>A genotyping was detected by using amplification-refractory mutation system PCR. Results: The Bcl-2 -938 C>A polymorphism was found in 22% of the leukemia cohort and 10% of normal controls with a significant difference in genotype and allele frequency between the two groups (P =0.025). At the same time, the Bax-248G>A polymorphism was found in 6.48% of the leukemia cohort and 4.54% of normal controls with a significant difference in genotype and allele frequency between the two groups (P =0.048). It was indicated that the Bcl-2 -938 AA genotype was associated with an increased risk of leukemia in the codominant inheritance model (OR = 3.17, 95 % CI, (1.33-7.53); p=0.009)–(Bcl-2 CC vs. AA). A significant association was also reported with Bcl-2 CC VS (CA+AA) genotype in the dominant inheritance model (OR=1.86, 95%CI=1.05-3.29, P=0.03). A significant association was also reported with the Bcl-2 (CC+CA) vs (AA) genotype in the recessive inheritance model (OR=2.53, 95% CI=1.13-5.68, P=0.02). Similarly, our data suggested that the A allele significantly increased the risk of leukemia compared to the C allele. (OR =1.79, 95 % CI, 1.18-2.69; P=0.005). In case Bax-248 GA genotype was associated with an increased risk of leukemia in codominant inheritance model (OR = 1.87, 95 % CI, (0.56-6.21); p=0.017( Bcl-2 GG vs. GA). A significant association was reported with Bax-248 GG VS (GA+AA) genotype in the dominant inheritance model (OR=1.98,95%CI=1.14-3.45, P=0.041). Our data indicated that the Bcl-2 -938 A allele significantly increased the risk of leukemia compared to the G allele. (OR =1.63, 95 % CI, 1.03-2.58; P=0.035).Conclusion: The presence of this single nucleotide polymorphism in BCL2 -938 C>A and BAX-248G>A in leukemia patients critically increases the susceptibility to leukemia influences the response to treatment and overall survival. Our data indicated that A allele of BCL2-938 C>A and BAX-248G>A gene significantly increased the risk of developing the leukemia compared to G allele. The data from the current study provide evidence that BCL2-938C>A and BAX-248G>A polymorphisms may be useful in predicting clinical outcomes of patients with leukemia.
3D implications of epicardial adipose tissue in the stratification of cardiac glucose uptake in type 2 diabetes: A [18F]FDG PET/CT study
Authors: Herance Raul , Garcia-Leon Daniel , Simó Rafael , Velasquez Mayra , Hernández Cristina , Aparicio Carolina , Roque Albert , Pizzi Maria Nazarena , Cuellar Hug , Gámez Cristina , Ramírez-Serra Clara , Castell Joan , Aguadé Santiago 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) may reflect cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Thus, [18F]FDG PET/CT images of glucose energy metabolism following hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (HEC) were used to investigate whether the EAT associates to myocardial glucose uptake and clinical biomarkers promoting cardiovascular risk in T2D.Methods: Forty-seven T2D patients underwent cardiac [18F]FDG PET/CT examination after HEC. Scans were sorted into poor and good uptake groups according to the mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean). EAT was characterized from non-contrast CT images and included in comparisons. Both target-to-background ratios (TBR) and regional cardiac uptake in the 17-segment model were calculated and correlated to EAT-derived parameters. Results: TBR uptake in non-obese strongly associated to troponin levels (R = 0.8135), while EAT volumes were associated in obese (R = -0.7091) for similar troponin levels. Regarding segmental cardiac uptake, significant EAT volumes association (R = -0.5939) with additional clustering determined at-risk patients presented a 3D EAT thickness over 1.17 (cm). Dichotomizing EAT in thin and thick regions revealed thin EAT was associated to regional cardiac uptake in non-obese (R = -0.7172), whereas both thick (R = -0.6955) and total EAT (R = -0.7878) were associated in obese. Conclusion: 3D thin and thick regions in EAT allow cardiac glucose uptake stratification in T2D.Trial registration: NCT02248311
Increased coagulation factors V, VIII, IX, and homocysteine in Mexican patients with Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease
Authors: Hernández-Zamora Edgar , Rodríguez-Olivas Armando Odiseo , Rosales-Cruz Erika , Zavala-Hernández Cesar , Maldonado Elba Reyes 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) is a pediatric disorder that occurs due to the avascular necrosis of the femoral head and affects the range of motion of the hip in various degrees. Its etiology is still unknown, although it has been associated with coagulation abnormalities. In Mexico, there are no reports describing hypercoagulability markers in patients with LCPD. Therefore, our objective is to determine coagulation factors, Von Willebrand factor (VWF), and Homocysteine (Hcy) in patients with LCPD and controls.Results: Were tested 25 patients with LCPD and 50 controls, matched by sex and age. The results showed significant differences in patients whit respect to controls: Prothrombin time↘, FV↗, FVIII↗ FIX↗, and Hcy↗. These results indicate that there may be hypercoagulable states in patients, which can cause thrombotic events.Conclusions: This is the first report in Mexico with a clinical and research focus regarding patients with LCPD. The increase in FV activity, FVIII, FIX, and Hcy concentration support the hypothesis that microthrombi formation in small-caliber vessels could be causing avascularity and femoral necrosis, which are traits of LCPD.
Profile of dorsal root ganglion neurons: study of oxytocin expression
Authors: Noguri Taisei , Hatakeyama Dai , Kitahashi Takashi , Oka Kotaro , Ito Etsuro 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Although Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons have been so far classified according to the difference in their fibers (Aβ, Aδ, and C), this classification should be further subdivided according to gene expression patterns. We focused on oxytocin (OXT) and its related receptors, because OXT plays a local role in DRG neurons. We measured the mRNA levels of OXT, OXT receptor (OXTR), vasopressin V1a receptor (V1aR), transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1), and piezo-type mechanosensitive ion channel component 2 (Piezo2) in single DRG neurons by using real-time PCR, and then performed a cluster analysis. According to gene expression patterns, DRG neurons were classified into 4 clusters: Cluster 1 was characterized mainly by Piezo2, Cluster 2 by TRPV1, Cluster 4 by OXTR, and neurons in Cluster 3 did not express any of the target genes. The cell body diameter of OXT-expressing neurons was significantly larger in Cluster 1 than in Cluster 2. These results suggest that OXT-expressing DRG neurons with small cell bodies (Cluster 2) and large cell bodies (Cluster 1) probably correspond to C-fiber neurons and Aβ-fiber neurons, respectively. Furthermore, the OXT-expressing neurons contained not only TRPV1 but also Piezo2, suggesting that OXT may be released by mechanical stimulation regardless of nociception. Thus, mechanoreception and nociception themselves may induce the autocrine/paracrine function of OXT in the DRG, contributing to alleviation of pain.
Prone Positioning Improves Ventilation-Perfusion Matching Assessed by Electrical Impedance Tomography in Patients with ARDS: A Prospective Physiological Study
Authors: Wang Yu-xian , Zhong Ming , Dong Min-hui , Song Jie-qiong , Zheng Yi-jun , Wu Wei , Tao Jia-le , Zhu Ling , Zheng Xin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: The physiological effects of prone ventilation in ARDS patients have been discussed for long but remained not fully elucidated. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) emerged as a tool for bedside monitoring of pulmonary ventilation and perfusion, giving the chance to find proofs. This study aimed to investigate the effect of prone positioning (PP) on ventilation-perfusion matching by contrast-enhanced EIT in patients with ARDS.Design: Monocenter prospective physiologic study.Setting: University medical ICU.Patients: Ten mechanically ventilated ARDS patients who underwent prone positioning.Interventions: We performed EIT evaluation at the initiation of PP, 3h after PP initiation and at the end of PP during the first PP session.Measurements and Main Results: The regional distribution of ventilation and perfusion was analysed based on EIT images and compared to the clinical variables regarding respiratory and hemodynamic status. Prolonged prone ventilation improved oxygenation in the ARDS patients. Based on EIT measurments, the distribution of ventilation was homogenized and dorsal lung ventilation was significantly improved by PP administration, while the effect of PP on lung perfusion was relatively mild, with increased dorsal lung perfusion was observed. After merging, the ventilation-perfusion matched region was found to increase and correlate with the increased PaO2/FiO2 by PP, which was mainly attributed to reduced shunt in the lung based on further quantification showed decrease of the only perfused regions.Conclusions: Prolonged prone ventilation increased dorsal ventilation and perfusion, which resulted in improved ventilation-perfusion matching and oxygenation.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04725227. Registered on 25 January 2021.
A Panel of Circulating Non-coding RNAs in the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Therapy in Egyptian Patients with Breast Cancer
Authors: Wehida Nadine , Abdel-Rehim Wafaa , Mansy Hazem El , Karmouty Ahmed , Kamel Maher A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
1) Background: Non coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have recently been identified to play a pivotal role in many diseases including breast cancer (BC). This study aims to investigate the relative quantification of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19, microRNA (miR) 675-5p, 675-3p and miR-let 7 in BC patients.2) Methods: The study was performed on three groups, group 1; 30 non-intervened BC female patients about to undergo breast surgery, group 2; 30 postoperative female BC patients about to receive adjuvant anthracycline chemotherapy and group 3; 30 apparently healthy female volunteers as the control group. Plasma samples were drawn before and after the intervention in groups 1 and 2, with a single sample drawn from group 3. The relative quantification levels were compared with healthy control subjects and were related with the clinicopathological statuses of these patients.3) Results: There was a statistically significant increase in H19, miR-675-5p, miR-675-3p and miR-let 7 in the non-intervened BC patients when compared to the control group. Surgery resulted in a significant reduction in all four ncRNAs under investigation. Chemotherapy resulted in a significant increase in the level of miR-let 7. The assay discriminated normal from BC where the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) of miR-675-3p showed the maximal AUC-ROC of 1.000. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity was also 100% when CA 15-3 and H19 were combined.4) Conclusion: The results indicate that the panel of ncRNAs can all potentially act as novel biomarkers whether alone or combined in the diagnosis of BC.
Blood and Faecal Biomarkers to Assess Dietary Energy, Protein and Amino acid Efficiency of Utilization by Growing and Finishing Pigs
Authors: Montoro Jordi Camp , Solà-Oriol David , Muns Ramon , Gasa Josep , Llanes Núria , Manzanilla Edgar Garcia 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to use the blood serum metabolite (BSM) and faecal volatile fatty acid (VFA) profiles to identify changes in protein, amino acid and energy dietary content in growing and finishing pigs.
Results
Two studies were conducted. The first study (S1) included 20 pens of 11 pigs (87.0 ± 4.10 kg; 18 weeks old) assigned to 5 diets: control (C1), high and low crude protein (HP1 and LP1), and high and low net energy (HE1 and LE1). The second study (S2) included 28 pens of 11 pigs (41.3 ± 2.60 kg; 12 weeks old) assigned to 7 diets: control (C2), high and low crude protein (HP2 and LP2), high and low amino acid (HA2 and LA2), and high and low net energy (HE2 and LE2). Pigs were followed for 10 (S1) and 20 (S2) days and blood and faecal samples were collected at 20 (S1) and 14 (S2) weeks of age. Data was analysed using general linear models and ROC curve analysis. Urea nitrogen was higher in pigs fed HP1 (13.6 ± 0.95 mg/dL) and HP2 (11.6 ± 0.61) compared to those fed LP1 (6.0 ± 0.95) and LP2 (5.2 ± 0.61; P < 0.001) showing very good discrimination ability (AUC = 98.4 and 100%, respectively). In S1, creatinine (133.8 ± 3.97 µmol/L), triglycerides (0.42 ± 0.03 mmol/L) and branched-chain fatty acids (BCFA; 6.1 ± 0.38% of total VFA; AUC = 96.9%) were higher in HE1 than LE1 pigs (117.2 ± 3.97; 0.28 ± 0.03; 4.4 ± 0.38, respectively; P < 0.05). In S2, albumin was lower (32.1 ± 1.08 g/L) and propionic acid was higher (24.5 ± 0.57% of total VFA) in LA2 pigs than HP2, HA2, LE2, and HE2 pigs (37.9 ± 1.08; 21.4 ± 0.57, respectively; P < 0.001). Cholesterol was higher in HE2 pigs (2.8 ± 0.11 mmol/L) than LE2 pigs (2.4 ± 0.11; P < 0.05). Finally, BCFA were higher in HP2 pigs (6.6 ± 0.41) than HA2 and LE2 (4.8 ± 0.41; P < 0.05) and had a moderate accuracy to differentiate between HP2 and LP2 pigs (AUC = 87.5%).
Conclusions
Urea nitrogen is a good indicator with high accuracy to detect an excess of crude protein with inadequate amino acid profile in growing and finishing pig diets. Other biomarkers like albumin and BCFA showed promising results and need to be further studied.