bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metatheater and Showing in Menander’s Epitrepontes
Authors: Brown Mitch 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In Menander’s Epitrepontes, Charisios acknowledges his own faults and mistreatment of his wife Pamphile in an act 4 speech. During his confession, he repeats the verb δείκνυµι three times within six lines. In this article, I argue that such a verb has a double meaning. Charisios’ explicit use of the verb conveys a ‘revelation of character’ as Charisios and the daimonion he invokes ‘reveals’ that he has erred in his actions. On a metatheatrical level between the audience and playwright, the verb also conveys the literal meaning of ‘showing’, as it nods to the playwright putting Charisios onstage (and thus ‘showing’ him) for the first time in this scene. This double meaning of δείκνυµι adds to the other metatheatrical moments in the play illuminated by other scholars and reveals in Menander a close attention to the power of absence and presence in his plays.
Dystopic Utopia in Lucian’s Philosophical Satire
Authors: Solitario Michele 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Hermotimus is undoubtedly the most ambitious of Lucian’s philosophical dialogues, since the author undertakes a systematic study of the best philosopher in this work. More specifically, the protagonists of this dialogue, the Stoic aspirant Hermotimos and his antidogmatic interlocutor Lykinos, seek a definite answer to the following questions: Does the true and authentic philosopher exist? If so, then where is it possible to find him, and how can he prove the excellence of his philosophical tenets? A utopian moment can be captured in nuce in these questions, for the object at the heart of the discussion assumes all the features of a desideratum which is difficult, if not impossible, to fulfil, implying an operation that is constantly exposed to the risk of being reduced to nothing.
Closure and the Lottery
Authors: Dierig Simon 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Ever since Fred Dretske (1970) questioned closure, a denial of this principle has been among the standard options for a resolution of epistemological paradoxes such as the skeptical paradox (Cohen 1988) and the lottery paradox (Harman 1973). In this article, the author shall argue that all possible solutions of the latter paradox can only be defended if Multi-Premise Closure is rejected. These possible solutions are contextualism and both simple and sensitive moderate invariantism. It will be shown that skepticism and the denial of Single-Premise Closure are not possible solutions of the lottery paradox. The upshot of the discussion here will be that while Single-Premise Closure is beyond reasonable doubt, resolving the lottery paradox forces one to abandon Multi-Premise Closure.
Conrad-Martius: The “Real-Reality” of the World
Authors: Breuer Irene 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This article deals with Conrad-Martius’s conceptions of reality as “wirkliche Wirklichkeit”, being, existence, and essence and sets them in relation to the conceptions of Aristotle, Aquinas, and Husserl. It delves into the problems of both the hypostatization of being, where I assert that it concerns the noema itself, and the origin of being in particular. I claim that even though Conrad-Martius rejects the transcendental reduction, Conrad-Martius accepts the eidetic reduction and the positing of a sphere of original and given facts, whose origin Conrad-Martius traces back to a transphysical realm, thus revealing the grounds for the Husserlian sphere of primal facts, which itself remains beyond the reach of phenomenological enquiries. Hence, Conrad-Martius’s and Husserl’s investigations encounter and complement each other at the point where the real bursts into reality and becomes available for consciousness.
A review of morphological characters for the identification of three common European species of Sarcophaga s.&nbsp;str. (Diptera: Sarcophagidae), with an emphasis on female terminalia
Authors: SCHÖNBERGER DANIEL , GIORDANI GIORGIA , VANIN STEFANO , WHITMORE DANIEL 
Published: November 2022

The subgenus Sarcophaga Meigen, 1824 (s. str.) currently comprises over 30 species distributed in the West Palearctic Region, the identification of which is normally based on characters of the male terminalia. Females of the three closely-related species Sarcophaga (Sarcophaga) carnaria (Linnaeus, 1758), S. (S.) subvicina Rohdendorf, 1937 and S. (S.) variegata (Scopoli, 1763), which are especially widespread and abundant in NW Europe, are considered morphologically indistinguishable by most authors. However, a few authors have proposed keys to separate females of these three species based on external and internal characters of the terminalia. Following a preliminary molecular identification using DNA barcode sequences (COI, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I), we herein revise the morphological characters used to differentiate female S. carnaria, S. subvicina and S. variegata in existing identification keys as well as search for additional diagnostic characters. Our results suggest that only one previously-proposed female character, namely the length to width ratio of abdominal sternite 7, can be used to separate S. subvicina from the other two species (Mann-Whitney U test: p < 0.0001), at least in a majority of cases. Other characters, such as the degree of sclerotisation and setation of tergite 8, show a high degree of overlap that does not allow to reliably separate females of these three species. Nevertheless, we propose a combination of characters that should allow the separation of female S. carnaria from female S. variegata in most cases. An additional analysis of males of the same species showed that the distribution of pruinosity and setation on syntergosternite 7+8, a character mentioned in a previously-published key, is also not reliable for identification.
Natural history of decompensated cirrhosis with serum hepatitis B DNA < 2000 IU/mL: a retrospective study
Authors: Huang Xu , Yan Meimei , Deng Zerun , Yao Lei , Han Dan , Sun Lihua 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background and aims
Patients with low HBV DNA levels (< 2000 IU/mL), HBV DNA negative, and HBsAg-negative hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection can still progress to decompensated cirrhosis; however, clinical research data in such patients, especially treatment-naïve patients, are currently insufficient. This study assessed the natural history of aforementioned patients.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the data of 250 patients with HBV-associated decompensated cirrhosis(HBV DNA < 2000 IU/mL) who had not been treated with antiviral medication.

Results
The mean age of the 250 patients was 53.90 ± 11.73 years and 183 patients (73.2%) were male. HBV DNA, HBsAg, and HBeAg positivity was detected in 77 (30.8%), 200 (80%), and 137 (54.8%) patients, respectively. HBsAg (odds ratio [OR], 3.303; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.338–8.152; P = 0.010) and HBeAg (OR, 0.200; 95% CI, 0.107–0.376; P < 0.001) positivity were independent factors for low HBV DNA levels. The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (P < 0.001) and portal vein thrombosis (P = 0.001) was higher in the low HBV DNA levels group. Multivariate analysis showed that HBV DNA positivity (OR, 3.548; 95% CI, 1.463–8.604; P = 0.005), HBeAg positivity (OR, 0.080; 95% CI, 0.022–0.289; P < 0.001), and glutamyltransferase (GGT) (OR, 1.003; 95% CI, 1.000–1.006; P = 0.040) were independent factors for HCC. Age was not related to the occurrence of cirrhosis complications.

Conclusion
Patients with decompensated cirrhosis with HBV DNA < 2000 IU/mL still had severe liver damage and could develop severe cirrhosis complications. HCC risk was higher in low HBV DNA levels patients. HBsAg positivity and HBeAg negativity may be associated to the occurrence of low HBV DNA levels.
Assessment of left ventricular diastolic function in children with HIV/AIDS attending a tertiary health Facility in Enugu, Nigeria: a Doppler echocardiographic study
Authors: Arodiwe Ijeoma O. , Eke Christopher B. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective
To determine the prevalence and factors associated with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in children with HIV/AIDS.

Method
Echocardiographic studies were carried out in 90 children/adolescents aged 18 months to 14 years.
with HIV/AIDS and a healthy control group of 90 age and gender matched.

Results
47.8% of the HIV/AIDS patients (subjects) had LVDD. This was more pronounced in the AIDS group (100%). The E/A ratio was 1.9 ± 0.56 in the HIV group, 2.09 ± 0.04 in the AIDS group, and 1.20 ± 0.39 in the control group (p = 0.04). The mean Left ventricular isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) was 79.4 ± 20.12 in the HIV group, 110.4 ± 10.12 in the AIDS group and 89.22 ± 25.76 in the control group. (p = 0.04). Deceleration time (DT) was also lower in HIV carrier group compared to AIDS group, p = 0.02. A restrictive filling pattern was the most described; with 27 (36.5%) in the HIV group, 16 (100.0%) in the AIDS group and 2 (2.2%) in the control group. (p = 0.02). The impaired relaxation pattern, 3 (4.0%) seen in the HIV group only. Positive correlation exists between body surface area (BSA) and LVDD. Body surface area and younger age were the significant predictors (BSA: r = 0.425, p = 0.038 in HIV and r = 0.827, p = 0.042) of LVDD in the AIDS group.

Conclusion
This study showed a high prevalence of LVDD in Nigerian children with HIV and AIDS. This justifies inclusion of echocardiographic studies in the policy care of children with HIV/AIDS in sub-Sahara Africa region.
Population mental health improves with increasing access to treatment: evidence from a dynamic modelling analysis
Authors: Skinner Adam , Occhipinti Jo-An , Song Yun Ju Christine , Hickie Ian B. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Multiple studies indicate that the prevalence of mental disorders in high-income countries has remained stable or increased despite substantial increases in the provision of care, leading some authors to question the effectiveness of increasing access to current treatments as a means of improving population mental health.

Methods
We developed a system dynamics model of mental disorder incidence and treatment-dependent recovery to assess two potential explanations for the apparent failure of increasing treatment provision to reduce mental disorder prevalence: 1) an increase in the individual-level risk of disorder onset; and 2) declining effectiveness of care resulting from insufficient services capacity growth. Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods were used to fit the model to data on the prevalence of high to very high psychological distress in Australia for the period 2008–2019.

Results
Estimates of yearly rates of increase in the per capita incidence of high to very high psychological distress and the proportion of patients recovering when treated indicate that the individual-level risk of developing high to very high levels of distress increased between 2008 and 2019 (posterior probability > 0.999) but provide no evidence for declining treatment effectiveness. Simulation analyses suggest that the prevalence of high to very high psychological distress would have decreased from 14.4% in 2008 to 13.6% in 2019 if per capita incidence had not increased over this period (prevalence difference 0.0079, 95% credible interval 0.0015–0.0176).

Conclusions
Our analyses indicate that a modest but significant effect of increasing access to mental health care in Australia between 2008 and 2019 was obscured by a concurrent increase in the incidence of high to very high psychological distress.
Empowerment-based support program for vulnerable populations living with diabetes, obesity or high blood pressure: a scoping review
Authors: Eïd Julia , Desgrées du Loû Annabel 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The management of chronic diseases such as diabetes, obesity and high blood pressure is a major global health challenge, particularly among the most disadvantaged populations. Beyond the biomedical management of these diseases, comprehensive support that takes into account the peoples’ economic and social situation is fundamental. The objective of this scoping review is to create an inventory and an analysis of the different types of support for these chronic diseases among disadvantaged, immigrant or minority populations to contribute to a better definition and characterization of what should be global support for these vulnerable populations suffering from these diseases.

Methods
A search of PubMed, PsycINFO, Sages Journals and Web of Science was conducted (between March and May 2021) for articles published between January 2000 and May 2021. Articles were selected after screening titles, abstracts and full texts according to our 5 inclusion criteria.

Results
We included 16 articles. The diabetes, obesity and high blood pressure support programs described in these articles operate to improve physical and mental health and access to care. The approaches of these interventions are focused on the training and participation of people and the implementation of support actions adapted to the person. The majority of these interventions have a real attachment to the community.

Conclusions
This review of the literature shows that support for people with chronic diseases such as diabetes, obesity or high blood pressure is based on three pillars: empowerment, peer mediation and holistic and tailor-made support for the individual. The empowerment approach, which considers the capacities and resources of individuals and whose goal is to strengthen their ability to act on their health, appears to be entirely suited to the support of these chronic diseases. This review underlines the importance of moving away from a biomedical approach to a holistic approach truly focused on the person, their capacities and their needs.
Inhibition of AEBP1 predisposes cisplatin-resistant oral cancer cells to ferroptosis
Authors: Zhou Qianwen , Wang Xiaoqi , Zhang Yingxue , Wang Lie , Chen Zhijun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Studies have shown that excessive iron can lead to an increased incidence of cancer. The role of adipocyte enhancer-binding protein 1 (AEBP1) on ferroptosis is unknown. Thus, we explored the effect of AEBP1 silencing in regulation of ferroptosis in cisplatin-resistant oral cancer cells.

Methods
The functions of AEBP1 silencing and sulfasalazine (SSZ) treatment were determined on oral cancer cell lines and tumor xenograft mouse models. Then we evaluated the functions of AEBP1 on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS), labile iron pool (LIP) and free iron, lipid peroxidation, and expression levels of ferroptosis-related genes.

Results
AEBP1 was highly expressed in oral cancer cells and tissues. AEBP1 silencing inhibited oral cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion after SSZ treatment. SSZ-induced ferroptosis is due to enhanced ROS level, free iron, and lipid peroxidation, which were distinctly increased by AEBP1 silencing. Meanwhile, AEBP1 silencing enhanced the effects of SSZ on levels of LIP and Fe2+, lipid peroxidation, as well as the expression levels of ferroptosis-related genes in the tumor xenograft mouse models. Importantly, AEBP1 silencing suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, silencing of AEBP1 might activate the JNK/ P38 /ERK pathway.

Conclusion
This research suggested that silencing of AEBP1 predisposes cisplatin-resistant oral cancer cells to ferroptosis via the JNK/p38 /ERK pathway.
Do preterm-born children and adolescents have greater need for dental care as compared to full term-born controls?
Authors: Vicente António , Alward Lubna , Wiedel Anna-Paulina , Becker Magnus , Shi Xie-Qi , Hellén-Halme Kristina , Brogårdh-Roth Susanne 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Preterm birth has been shown to cause various long-term health issues. Children who were born preterm have also been observed to have more dental behaviour management problems (DBMP) during dental examinations and treatment than children born full term. It is known that dental radiographic examinations can be uncomfortable and cause anxiety in paediatric patients. Thus, our aims were to retrospectively compare dental care related examinations and treatments carried out in three different age intervals (3–6 years, 7–12 years, and 13–19 years) among preterm- and full-term born children and adolescents.

Methods
The present study included 311 patient files: 122 very preterm–born and 33 extremely preterm–born children and adolescents (< 32 gestational weeks). A matched control group of 156 full term–born children and adolescents (≥ 37 gestational weeks) was analysed for comparison. Various factors, including DBMP, missed appointments, dental caries, and radiographic examinations, were retrieved from the dental records for three age intervals: 3–6 years, 7–12 years, and 13–19 years.

Results
Extremely preterm–born children missed significantly more dental appointments and presented with more DBMP during dental examinations and treatment than full term–born children in the 3–6-year age group; the same was observed for the very preterm–born in the 7–12-year age group. No significant differences in DBMP during bitewing and periapical examinations or in number of bitewing, periapical and panoramic radiographs occurred between the groups in any age interval.

Conclusion
Preterm–born children and adolescents may need more flexibility in booking and receive reminders for scheduled visits with the general dental team. Due to the non-significant differences in dental care related oral examinations and treatments, the same dental care service may be applied to the preterm- and full-term born children and adolescents.
A systematic review defining non-beneficial and inappropriate end-of-life treatment in patients with non-cancer diagnoses: theoretical development for multi-stakeholder intervention design in acute care settings
Authors: Lo Jamie Jay-May , Graves Nicholas , Chee Joyce Huimin , Hildon Zoe Jane-Lara 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Non-beneficial treatment is closely tied to inappropriate treatment at the end-of-life. Understanding the interplay between how and why these situations arise in acute care settings according to the various stakeholders is pivotal to informing decision-making and best practice at end-of-life.

Aim
To define and understand determinants of non-beneficial and inappropriate treatments for patients with a non-cancer diagnosis, in acute care settings at the end-of-life.

Design
Systematic review of peer-reviewed studies focusing on the above and conducted in upper-middle- and high-income countries. A narrative synthesis was undertaken, guided by Realist principles.

Data sources
Cochrane; PubMed; Scopus; Embase; CINAHL; and Web of Science.

Results
Sixty-six studies (32 qualitative, 28 quantitative, and 6 mixed-methods) were included after screening 4,754 papers. Non-beneficial treatment was largely defined as when the burden of treatment outweighs any benefit to the patient. Inappropriate treatment at the end-of-life was similar to this, but additionally accounted for patient and family preferences.
Contexts in which outcomes related to non-beneficial treatment and/or inappropriate treatment occurred were described as veiled by uncertainty, driven by organizational culture, and limited by profiles and characteristics of involved stakeholders. Mechanisms relating to ‘Motivation to Address Conflict & Seek Agreement’ helped to lessen uncertainty around decision-making. Establishing agreement was reliant on ‘Valuing Clear Communication and Sharing of Information’. Reaching consensus was dependent on ‘Choices around Timing & Documenting of end-of-life Decisions’.

Conclusion
A framework mapping determinants of non-beneficial and inappropriate end-of-life treatment is developed and proposed to be potentially transferable to diverse contexts. Future studies should test and update the framework as an implementation tool.

Trial registration
PROSPERO Protocol CRD42021214137.
Artificial intelligence in medical education: a cross-sectional needs assessment
Authors: Civaner M. Murat , Uncu Yeşim , Bulut Filiz , Chalil Esra Giounous , Tatli Abdülhamit 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundAs the information age wanes, enabling the prevalence of the artificial intelligence age; expectations, responsibilities, and job definitions need to be redefined for those who provide services in healthcare. This study examined the perceptions of future physicians on the possible influences of artificial intelligence on medicine, and to determine the needs that might be helpful for curriculum restructuring.MethodsA cross-sectional multi-centre study was conducted among medical students country-wide, where 3018 medical students participated. The instrument of the study was an online survey that was designed and distributed via a web-based service.ResultsMost of the medical students perceived artificial intelligence as an assistive technology that could facilitate physicians’ access to information (85.8%) and patients to healthcare (76.7%), and reduce errors (70.5%). However, half of the participants were worried about the possible reduction in the services of physicians, which could lead to unemployment (44.9%). Furthermore, it was agreed that using artificial intelligence in medicine could devalue the medical profession (58.6%), damage trust (45.5%), and negatively affect patient-physician relationships (42.7%). Moreover, nearly half of the participants affirmed that they could protect their professional confidentiality when using artificial intelligence applications (44.7%); whereas, 16.1% argued that artificial intelligence in medicine might cause violations of professional confidentiality. Of all the participants, only 6.0% stated that they were competent enough to inform patients about the features and risks of artificial intelligence. They further expressed that their educational gaps regarding their need for “knowledge and skills related to artificial intelligence applications” (96.2%), “applications for reducing medical errors” (95.8%), and “training to prevent and solve ethical problems that might arise as a result of using artificial intelligence applications” (93.8%).ConclusionsThe participants expressed a need for an update on the medical curriculum, according to necessities in transforming healthcare driven by artificial intelligence. The update should revolve around equipping future physicians with the knowledge and skills to effectively use artificial intelligence applications and ensure that professional values and rights are protected.