bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel guar gum/MnO2 nanocomposite for photocatalytic degradation of reactive yellow (RY 145) from aqueous solution: optimization by BBD
Authors: Mehralian Mohammad , Fallahfaragheh Ahmadreza , Khajeh Mehrizi Mohammad 
Published: September 2022

Purpose
This study aims to investigation of the guar gum-manganese dioxide (GG/MnO2) nanocomposite (NC) synthesized using an environment-friendly method and the degradation of reactive yellow (RY 145) dye in the UV system.

Design/methodology/approach
Characterization of the GG/MnO2 NCs were conducted using field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Experiments were conducted using a 1 L glass reactor coupled with Ultraviolet (UV-C) blue light bulb of wavelength 250 nm and power of 8 W.

Findings
The NC (2.25 g/L) displayed high RY 145 dye degradation (81%) with 10 mg/L of concentration at pH 3. The coefficient of determination (R2 0.99) also depicted that the model fits the experimental data. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the F-values of 464.75, 276.04 and 5.15 are related to the dose of GG/MnO2 NCs, initial concentration of RY 145 dye and solution pH, respectively.

Practical implications
The GG/MnO2 NCs followed by photo oxidation process (UV-process) could be used to degrade the RY 145 dye from synthetic wastewater.

Originality/value
There are two main innovations. One is that the novel process is performed successfully for RY 145 dye degradation. The other is that the optimized conditions are obtained by Box–Behnken design. Also, the effects of different variables on the RY 145 dye removal efficiency were investigated.
Searching for context: a review of “what works” reviews of interventions to prevent youth offending using the EMMIE Framework
Authors: Case Stephen , Sutton Charlie E. , Greenhalgh Joanne , Monaghan Mark , Wright Judy 
Published: September 2022

Purpose
This study aims to examine the extent to which “What Works” reviews in youth justice enable understanding of the features of effectiveness (what works, for whom, in what circumstances and why?) specified in the Effects–Mechanisms–Moderators–Implementation–Economic cost (EMMIE) framework.

Design/methodology/approach
The EMMIE framework examined findings within a sample of “What Works” style reviews of preventative youth justice intervention effectiveness.

Findings
“What Works” style reviews of evaluations of preventative youth justice interventions often omit the requisite details required to examine all of the necessary elements of effectiveness contained within the EMMIE framework. While effectiveness measures were typically provided, the dominant evaluation evidence-base struggles to consider moderators of effect, mechanisms of change, implementation differences and cost-effectiveness. Therefore, “What Works” samples cannot facilitate sufficient understanding of “what works for whom, in what circumstances and why?”. The authors argue that Realist Synthesis can fill this gap and shed light on the contexts that shape the mechanisms through which youth justice interventions work.

Originality/value
The authors extended the approach adopted by an earlier review of effectiveness reviews (Tompson et al., 2020), considering more recent reviews of the effectiveness of preventative interventions using the EMMIE framework. Unlike previous reviews, the authors prioritised the utility of the EMMIE framework for assessing the factors affecting the effectiveness of preventative interventions in youth justice.
Knowledge “hiding and seeking” during the pandemic: who really wins in the new normal?
Authors: Tan Kim-Lim , Hii Ivy S.H. , Cheong Kevin Chuen-Kong 
Published: September 2022

Purpose
The recent COVID-19 pandemic caused a severe economic downturn. Employees working in these organisations face employment uncertainty. The pandemic disrupted their daily routines, and it added a layer of complexity to the already resource-constrained environment. During these times, employees would conserve their resources to maintain competitiveness, one of which is knowledge hiding. While economic activities are resuming, the appearance of new variants could mean the transition towards endemicity could be put on hold. Hence, there is a need to rethink the behaviour of employees as they would have elevated levels of anxiety towards resuming daily work activities. Therefore, this study aims to address the question of understanding employees’ perspectives toward knowledge sharing and knowledge hiding.

Design/methodology/approach
Drawing on the conservation of resources theory, social learning theory and the social exchange theory (SET), a conceptual framework involving ethical leadership was developed to examine if knowledge hiding or knowledge sharing behaviour is a resource for employees during these times. The partial least squares method of structural equation modelling was used to analyse results from 271 white-collar employees from Singapore.

Findings
The results show that ethical leadership encourages knowledge sharing but does not reduce knowledge hiding. At the same time, knowledge hiding, not knowledge sharing, improves one’s perception of work performance. Additionally, psychological safety is the key construct that reduces knowledge hiding and encourages sharing behaviour.

Originality/value
Overall, this study extends the theories, demonstrating that, first and foremost, knowledge hiding is a form of resource that provides employees with an added advantage in work performance during the endemic. At the same time, we provide a new perspective that ethical leaders’ demonstration of integrity, honesty and altruism alone is insufficient to encourage knowledge sharing or reduce knowledge hiding. It must lead to a psychologically safe environment.
A comparison of the joint and independent inversions for magnetic and gravity data over kimberlites in Botswana
Authors: Vatankhah Saeed , Renaut Rosemary Anne , Mickus Kevin , Liu Shuang , Matende Kitso 
Published: September 2022

AbstractComplementary independent and joint focusing inversion investigations are applied to the magnetic and gravity datasets for two kimberlite pipes, BK54 and BK55, in Botswana. The magnetic data are high resolution and, clearly, indicate two anomalies in the survey area. Independent inversion of this magnetic data provides a focused image of the subsurface with sharp boundaries for both pipes. The extensions of the pipes are close to those estimated by the available boreholes in the area. The spatial resolution of the gravity data is, on the other hand, relatively poor. The BK54 pipe does not appear on the residual gravity anomaly, while the BK55 is characterized by a positive anomaly. Independent inversion of the gravity data provides the geometry of the BK55 but does not identify the BK54 pipe. While there are some lower density materials in the place of the BK54 pipe, no specific target is revealed. Furthermore and relevant is that the reconstructed model for BK55 is not focused. A joint focusing inversion based on the structural cross‐gradient linkage is applied for the combined gravity and magnetic datasets. This algorithm produces structurally similar magnetic susceptibility and density models. A lower density distribution of material, similar to that of the magnetic susceptibility distribution, is revealed for the BK54 pipe. Moreover, in contrast to the result obtained by an independent inversion, the structure for BK54 is connected at depth, and the reconstructed models of BK54 and BK55 share the sparsity. The models are not as sparse as the magnetic susceptibility model that is obtained independently, but they are more focused than the independently obtained density model. A comprehensive comparison of the reconstructed models, and also computational CPU time, for independent and joint inversions is presented.
The diagnostic intersection of cognitive–communication disorders and aphasia secondary to TBI
Authors: Lindsey André , Guernon Ann , Stika Monica , Bender Pape Theresa 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground & AimsThe present retrospective study examines veterans and military personnel who have sustained a cognitive–communication deficit/disorder (CCD) and/or aphasia secondary to traumatic brain injury (TBI). The prevalence of each disorder secondary to TBI is identified and demographic factors are analysed to determine whether specific characteristics (age, gender, race and/or ethnicity) differentially influenced diagnosis (CCD or aphasia).Methods & ProceduresA retrospective analysis examining the prevalence of CCD and aphasia among US service personnel with a complicated mild‐to‐severe TBI treated over a 4‐year period (1 January 2016–31 December 2019) was conducted. Medical diagnoses and demographic factors were obtained from administrative data repositories and a logistic regression was performed to identify the relationship between demographic factors and diagnoses.Outcomes & ResultsAnalyses revealed that 8.8% of individuals studied had a secondary diagnosis of CCD (6.9%), aphasia (1.5%) or both (0.4%). This signifies 6863 cases of CCD, 1516 cases of aphasia and 396 cases of CCD and aphasia (dual diagnosis) per 100,000 individuals who have sustained a complicated mild‐to‐severe TBI. The proportion of cases observed with these diagnoses was consistent with the racial, gender and ethnic demographics of those diagnosed with TBI. Statistical modelling revealed that increased age is predictive of a diagnosis of aphasia relative to CCD.Conclusions & ImplicationsService personnel sustaining TBIs are at increased risk of communication impairments with deficits observed across all gender, racial and ethnic demographics. CCD is more commonly observed than aphasia, though clinicians should be cognisant of both when performing assessments. Age is a factor that can influence diagnosis.What this paper addsWhat is already known on the subject
Military personnel are at increased risk of communication disorders (CCDs) with TBI associated with multiple types of communication impairments including CCD, aphasia, dysarthria and apraxia of speech.What this paper adds to existing knowledge
This paper examines CCD and aphasia occurring following TBI. The proportion of observed cases of CCD and aphasia secondary to TBI are calculated over a 4‐year period and the prevalence of these disorders is provided. Additionally, statistical modelling is used to identify differences in the diagnosis of CCD relative to aphasia using the demographic factors of age, racial identity and ethnicity.What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work?
CCD is a frequently occurring issue following TBI, and the findings of this study demonstrate that it is a concern observed across gender, racial and ethnic lines. Advanced age is linked with the diagnosis of aphasia relative to CCD following TBI and should be a consideration during evaluation of patients who have sustained significant head trauma.
In defence of mutuality as an ethical standard in sexual relationships: A Reply to Michael Hand and Michael Reiss
Authors: Lamb Sharon , Gable Samuel 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Our 2021 article in Ethical Theory and Moral Practice argued that mutuality, defined as ‘loving attention’ towards a sexual partner, should be a moral standard for ethical sex. We specified that this loving attention should occur in the form of attempting to know what could be knowable about the other person and taking a ‘thick’ view of the other in their particular social and psychological contexts. We contrasted this orientation with the comparatively ‘thin’ view of people from a rights-based ethical perspective that claimed that individuals would have fulfilled their moral duty by acquiring free and informed consent from a partner. Michael Hand and Michael Reiss have responded to the article, and here we respond to their critiques.
Negotiating Place and Power through Union Grievance in Post‐War New York City Cafeterias
Authors: Figueroa Shayne Leslie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNew York City School cafeterias in the American post‐war period are prisms through which we can understand struggles to assert new relations of power – in terms of gender, race and class. This article examines the documented grievances of rank‐and‐file cafeteria aides in New York City's Local 372 union and the importance of institutional carework as part of a longer legacy that informs our current moment. Letters of complaint sent by workers illustrate assertion of their rights as workers while they negotiated for control of their bodies, and identities within the realm of the cafeteria and a larger male‐dominated union framework.
Managing racism? Race equality and decolonial educational futures
Authors: Ali Suki 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Office for Students is now holding UK universities to account for their failures to address racial inequalities, and the Teaching Excellence Framework is bringing the student experience to the fore in assessing higher education institutions. Racial inequalities persist in spite of decades of legislation aiming to promote equality and end discrimination. The paper considers two main areas of racial equalities work, namely, (1) anti‐racist and (2) decolonial initiatives. It suggests that the rise of managerialism and in particular, audit cultures, have allowed racism to flourish in spite, or because of, the need to account for equality, diversity and inclusion in global markets for higher education. Auditing requires a focus on identities, and cannot take into account the complex ways in which race, race thinking and racism are maintained in knowledge production. The lack of consensus around what decolonial education should be undermines attempts to produce educational social justice. From a feminist postcolonial perspective, the paper suggests that recentralizing racism and reengaging difference offer an important way to negotiate more just educational futures.
Toxicology presentations to a tertiary unit in New South Wales during the COVID‐19 pandemic first wave: A retrospective comparison study
Authors: Ng Rachel WC , Emmerig David , Salter Mark Daniel , Shetty Amith , Gunja Naren 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo compare presentation numbers, class of exposure, poison severity score (PSS) and drugs ingested by patients in a tertiary toxicology service during the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic to the corresponding time periods in 2018 and 2019.MethodsA retrospective cohort observational study of patients admitted or consulted to the Western Sydney Toxicology Service (WSTS) from ED during February to May in 2018–2020. Patient age, sex, triage category, time and date of arrival, mode of arrival, type of poisoning, discharge location, length of stay and PSS were collected from WSTS database and electronic medical records. The total number of ED presentations, hospital admissions and toxicology admissions were gathered from hospital‐based data services.ResultsThere was an overall increase in toxicology presentations in February to May 2020 (n = 441) compared to 2019 (n = 333) and 2018 (n = 255). The daily rate of presentations increased in March to May 2020 with an overall rate ratio of 1.42, 95% confidence interval 1.23–1.63, P < 0.001. There was an increase in presentations across all drug types. From March to April 2020, there was significantly higher number of daily presentations for recreational drugs use compared to 2018.ConclusionThere was a relative increase in toxicology presentations during the COVID‐19 pandemic compared to an overall decrease in presentations to ED. Recreational drug use increased significantly during the pandemic compared to 2018.
Single injection combined suprascapular and axillary nerve block: A randomised controlled non‐inferiority trial in healthy volunteers
Authors: Steen‐Hansen Christian , Madsen Mikkel H. , Lange Kai H. W. , Lundstrøm Lars H. , Rothe Christian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundA shoulder block without lung affection is desirable. In this study, we compared a low versus a high volume of a modified supraclavicular brachial plexus block. We hypothesised that a low volume of local anaesthetic would provide non‐inferior block success rate with better preserved lung function.MethodsHealthy volunteers were randomised to receive ultrasound guided 5 or 20 ml ropivacaine 0.5% at the departure of the suprascapular nerve from the brachial plexus. Primary outcome was successful shoulder block—defined as cutaneous sensory affection of the axillary nerve and motor affection of the suprascapular nerve (>50% reduction in external rotation force measured with dynamometry). We used a non‐inferiority margin of 20%. Secondary outcome was change in lung function measured with spirometry.ResultsThirteen of 16 (81.3%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 57.0% to 93.4%) in the 5 ml group and 15 of 16 (93.8%; 95% CI 71.7% to 98.9%) in the 20 ml group had successful shoulder block (p = .6). The ratio of the event rates of the 20 ml (standard) and 5 ml (intervention) groups was (15/16)/(13/16) = 0.937/0.813 = 1.15 (95% CI 0.88 to 1.51). All mean reductions in lung function parameters were non‐significantly lower in the 5 ml group compared with the 20 ml group.ConclusionFor our primary outcome, the 95% CI of the difference of event ratio included the non‐inferiority margin. We are therefore unable to conclude that 5 ml LA is non‐inferior to 20 ml LA with respect to block success rate.
Unsettling Migrant Reintegration: The Serial Risk‐Taking of Returning Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs) to Cordillera, Philippines
Authors: Banta Vanessa L. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn 2017, the Philippine government boosted its campaign on Overseas Filipino Worker (OFW) reintegration, a set of programmes designed to aid returning Filipino labour migrants. In this paper, I examine migrant reintegration through the case of returned migrants to the province of Benguet, Philippines. Rather than use “sustainability of return” as main focus of assessment, I foreground instead the historical geographies undergirding the current reiteration of this migration policy. By doing so, I demonstrate how the “gambling” practices of returned migrants can be read as not an easy acquiescence to the neoliberal imperative for self‐entrepreneurship encouraged by the Philippine state. In highlighting gambling as an embodied strategy emerging from and through imperial histories, I argue that migrant reintegration gets revealed as rehearsal of certain colonial logics that have oriented certain peoples to the labour of serial risk taking for survival. Close attention to return migrants’ gambling practices raises urgent questions regarding the relentless push for entrepreneurship as development solution.
Positron emission tomography derived metrics in relapsed or refractory large B‐cell lymphoma with residual disease before autologous stem cell transplant
Authors: Cherng Hua‐Jay J. , Xu Guofan , Feng Lei , Steiner Raphael , Fayad Luis , Strati Paolo , Nair Ranjit , Nastoupil Loretta J. , Lee Hun Ju , Neelapu Sattva S. , Flowers Christopher R. , Rodriguez Maria , Wang Michael , Hagemeister Fredrick , Pinnix Chelsea C. , Ramdial Jeremy , Srour Samer , Nieto Yago , Rezvani Katayoun , Champlin Richard , Kebriaei Partow , Westin Jason , Macapinlac Homer A. , Shpall Elizabeth , Ahmed Sairah 
Published: September 2022

SummarySalvage chemotherapy followed by high‐dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is a potentially curative treatment for patients with relapsed or refractory large B‐cell lymphoma (rrLBCL) with chemosensitive disease. A18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) scan after salvage chemotherapy is used to assess response and eligibility for ASCT, but metrics for chemosensitivity in patients with residual disease are not well defined. We performed a single‐centre retrospective analysis of 92 patients with a partial response or stable disease after salvage chemotherapy for rrLBCL who received ASCT to investigate PET‐derived parameters and their prognostic utility. The Deauville 5‐point Scale (D‐5PS) score, maximum standardised uptake value (SUVmax), total metabolic tumour volume (TMTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) were calculated from the post‐salvage/pre‐ASCT PET scan. The 5‐year progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 40% and 54% respectively. A D‐5PS score of 5 (p = 0.0082, hazard ratio [HR] 2.09), high SUVmax (p = 0.0015, HR 2.48), TMTV (p = 0.035, HR 1.83) and TLG (p = 0.0036, HR 2.27) were associated with inferior PFS. A D‐5PS score of 5 (p = 0.030, HR 1.98) and high SUVmax (p = 0.0025, HR 2.55) were associated with inferior OS. PET‐derived parameters may help prognosticate outcomes after ASCT in patients with rrLBCL with residual disease after salvage chemotherapy.
Compromised item detection: A Bayesian change‐point perspective
Authors: Du Yang , Zhang Susu , Chang Hua‐Hua 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPsychometric methods for accurate and timely detection of item compromise have been a long‐standing topic. While Bayesian methods can incorporate prior knowledge or expert inputs as additional information for item compromise detection, they have not been employed in item compromise detection itself. The current study proposes a two‐phase Bayesian change‐point framework for both stationary and real‐time detection of changes in each item's compromise status. In Phase I, a stationary Bayesian change‐point model for compromise detection is fitted to the observed responses over a specified time‐frame. The model produces parameter estimates for the change‐point of each item from uncompromised to compromised, as well as structural parameters accounting for the post‐change response distribution. Using the post‐change model identified in Phase I, the Shiryaev procedure for sequential testing is employed in Phase II for real‐time monitoring of item compromise. The proposed methods are evaluated in terms of parameter recovery, detection accuracy, and detection efficiency under various simulation conditions and in a real data example. The proposed method also showed superior detection accuracy and efficiency compared to the cumulative sum procedure.
Cutaneous sarcoidosis mimicking pigmented purpuric dermatosis
Authors: Sauvageau Andrew P. , Oulee Aislyn , Huang Yuan Yu , Patel Rajiv M. , Hamp Leela 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disorder characterized by the formation of non‐caseating granulomas. Cutaneous involvement of sarcoidosis is common and has a wide variety of clinical presentations. Herein, we present a case of cutaneous sarcoidosis mimicking pigmented purpuric dermatosis (PPD) in a 26‐year‐old female treated with topical tofacitinib cream and a literature review of all other reported cases of cutaneous sarcoidosis with PPD‐like features.