bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the influence of cover crop on soil water dynamics using soil moisture measurements and hydrus‐1D simulations
Authors: Chakraborty Poulamee , Singh Jasdeep , Singh Navdeep , Kumar Sandeep 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWinter cover crop (CC) has the potential for improving soil physical condition; however, both improvement and depletion of soil water storage because of CC were reported depending on the soil depth and the rainfall received in a growing season. The present study used sensors to measure the soil moisture content (cm3 cm−3) and soil water potential (–cm) for a no‐till corn (Zea mays L.)–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] system managed with and without winter CC. The sensors were installed at three soil depths (15, 30, and 45 cm) and the measurements were continued for three cash crop growing seasons (corn, 2017; soybean, 2018; and corn, 2019). The observed soil water potential (–cm) was lower (high tension) for the no cover crop (NCC) system as compared to the CC for the 45‐cm depth in 2017 and 2019, and 15‐ and 30‐cm depth in 2018. The Hydrus‐1D satisfactorily simulated the soil water potential and moisture content values for the CC and NCC systems with a coefficient of determination (R2) ranging from .58 to .93 and .57 to .92, respectively. The CC stored 12, 17, and 7% less soil water in the Ap soil layer (0–18 cm) than NCC for the day of cash crop planting for the years 2017, 2018, and 2019, respectively. However, the water input from rainfall replenished the soil moisture after the establishment of the cash crop and resulted in increased soil water storage in the CC as compared to the NCC in the Ap soil layer for the years 2018 and 2019. The present study, therefore, concluded that the use of winter CC improved soil water status for the following cash crop as compared to a NCC system.
Seed coating with fungicide causes a beneficial shift in root‐associated microbiomes of mature soybean
Authors: Yang Qi , Yang Xueling , Huang Xiaowei , Ye Wenwu , Wang Tianyu , Cheng Zhongyi , Shi Jiachun , Li Yong , Xu Jianming , He Yan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWhile seed coating with fungicide is commonly used to control diseases in conventional soybean culture, the impact of fungicide seed coating on root‐associated microbial communities remains largely understudied. This hinders our assessment of the potential ecological and environmental risks of fungicide seed coating and our ability to improve plant health by using appropriate disease control practices. Here, we examined the diversity and composition of bacterial and fungal communities across root–soil compartments collected from a field experiment sown with fungicide‐coated or untreated seeds. The community structures significantly differed among the root–soil compartments. Fungicide seed coating demonstrated a greater effect on the structure of endophytic communities, including root endosphere and nodule, than the rhizosphere communities. A number of plant beneficial microbes responded positively to fungicide seed coating. Meanwhile, seed coating increased the absolute abundance of the nifH gene related to nitrogen fixation, especially in the root endosphere, from 2.63 to 18.30 ×108 copies g–1 dry root. Root‐associated microbes with coatings had a higher complexity of the microbial interkingdom cooccurrence network than those without coatings. Altogether, soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] root‐associated microbiomes may have a high resilience under fungicide seed coating. At the mature stage of soybean, seed coating did not show any negative impact of residual fungicide on the root‐associated microecology, and it may pose a lower environmental risk than we have envisaged. Our results took a step forward in the responses of root‐associated microbiomes to the environment for legumes that have rarely been studied and provided new evidence of the eco‐friendly advantages of seed coatings in addition to agricultural output.
Highly Efficient Microwave‐Assisted Fenton Degradation of Toluene Nitration Wastewater over Microwave‐Responsive Catalyst of Fe3O4−BiOCl
Authors: Shen Xiaodong , Cai Zhuoer , Hu Jinzhong , Sun Baiwang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMicrowave‐assisted Fenton process over a high microwave‐responsive catalyst (Fe3O4−BiOCl) was developed. The morphology, composition and magnetic recovery of the prepared catalyst were analyzed. Correspondingly, the optimal reaction conditions were obtained and the catalyst had a good recovery performance. A good degradation result (COD removal efficiency=82.57 %, TOC removal efficiency=85.15 %, TN removal efficiency=80.86 %) was obtained with low energy consumption and chemical inputs, which proved that the system has a certain industrialization prospect. Furthermore, take p‐nitrophenol (PNP) as an example, The reaction mechanism of this process had been investigated. The reaction was divided into three stages: 1. Activation 2. Oxidation 3. Mineralization. In the Oxidation phase, the reaction followed zero‐order reaction kinetics model and the rate constant was 0.0642 mM s−1. To investigate the kinetics, a heterogeneous Fenton‐photocatalysis synergistic degradation mechanism based on experimental data was proposed.
Mn‐Dependent Morphology and Structure of SnS2 Nanosheets and the Photocatalytic Performance
Authors: Shuai Xiaofeng , Wang Yuan , Zhang Juan , Zhao Ruihua , Guo Tianyu , Du Jianping , Li Jinping 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTransition metal dichalcogenides have potential application in photocatalysis. Here, we synthesized Mn‐(un) doped tin disulfide materials for photocatalytic degradation by hydrothermal method. The XRD, SEM, TEM, EDS, XPS, BET, UV‐Vis and PL were employed to analyze their structures, morphologies, surface chemical state and photoelectronic properties. The results show that as‐prepared tin disulfide displays hexagonal morphology of nanotablets, and Mn‐doped tin disulfide consists of quasi‐hexagonal thin nanotablets that are stacked to form wrinkle layers. The doped tin disulfide has low bandgap energy, fast electron transport, larger photocurrent response and separation efficiency of photogenerated electron‐hole pairs. The results of photocatalysis indicate that the Mn‐doped tin disulfide exhibits high photocatalytic activity and fast degradation capacity with more than 99 % degradation rate for methyl violet within 90 min under visible light irradiation. Notably, Mn‐doped tin disulfide has also high degradation rate for rhodamine B. This strategy for introducing Mn in tin disulfide provides guides for morphology control and designing multifunctional photocatalyst for wide application.
Photocrosslinked Poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) – Polydimethylsiloxane – Poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) Triblock Copolymeric Films: Structural, Thermal and Shape Memory Properties
Authors: Sachan Radha , Warkar Sudhir G. , Purwar Roli 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe shape memory triblock photocrosslinked copolymeric films of varying poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) (PCL) chain length and constant polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) content are synthesized. The effect of PCL chain length on structural, thermal and shape memory properties of triblock copolymeric films is studied. The structural properties are analyzed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and optical microscope. Discrete crystal morphology is observed with increase in PCL chain length. Thermal properties are evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) using non‐isothermal and isothermal modes. The crystallinity and crystal melting point of triblock polymer increases with increase in PCL chain length. The crystallization kinetics of triblock PCL‐PDMS‐PCL copolymeric films are studied with the help of Avrami model and Lauritzen‐Hoffman (LH) model. The three‐dimensional growth of PCL crystals is observed in triblock copolymers. Inclusion of PDMS block resulted in longer crystallization time, higher energy barrier and affects the crystal growth rate of PCL block, which further affect the shape fixity and shape recovery ratio accordingly.
Alternative Functionalization of 2‐(3,4‐Dihalophenyl)‐4H‐chromen‐4‐ones via Metal‐Free Nucleophilic Aromatic Fluorine Substitution and Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions
Authors: Shcherbakov Konstantin V. , Panova Mariya A. , Burgart Yanina V. , Sinegubova Ekaterina O. , Orshanskaya Iana R. , Zarubaev Vladimir V. , Gerasimova Natalia A. , Evstigneeva Natalia P. , Saloutin Victor I. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAlternative pathways for the functionalization of 2‐(3‐bromo‐4‐fluorophenyl)‐ and 2‐(3,4‐difluorophenyl)‐4H‐chromen‐4‐ones have been studied under conditions of metal‐free base‐promoted nucleophilic aromatic substitution and palladium‐catalyzed Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐coupling reaction. The possibility of implementing these two synthetic techniques is shown by the example of obtaining 2‐[3‐aryl‐4‐(1H‐azol‐1‐yl) phenyl]‐4H‐chromen‐4‐ones. Evaluation of the antimicrobial effect of the synthesized azolyl‐substituted flavones was carried out. Compounds with moderate anti‐influenza, anti‐gonococcal and high fungistatic activity were found.
Thermal‐Responsive MXene‐DNA Hydrogel for Near‐Infrared Light Triggered Localized Photothermal‐Chemo Synergistic Cancer Therapy
Authors: He Ping‐Ping , Du Xiaoxue , Cheng Yuan , Gao Qi , Liu Chang , Wang Xiaowen , Wei Yonghua , Yu Qilin , Guo Weiwei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractStimuli‐responsive DNA hydrogels are promising candidates for cancer treatment, as they not only possess biocompatible and biodegradable 3D network structures as highly efficient carriers for therapeutic agents but also are capable of undergoing programmable gel‐to‐solution transition upon external stimuli to achieve controlled delivery. Herein, a promising platform for highly efficient photothermal‐chemo synergistic cancer therapy is established by integrating DNA hydrogels with Ti3C2TX‐based MXene as a photothermal agent and doxorubicin (DOX) as a loaded chemotherapeutic agent. Upon the irradiation of near‐infrared light (NIR), temperature rise caused by photothermal MXene nanosheets triggers the reversible gel‐to‐solution transition of the DOX‐loaded MXene‐DNA hydrogel, during which the DNA duplex crosslinking structures unwind to release therapeutic agents for efficient localized cancer therapy. Removal of the NIR irradiation results in the re‐formation of DNA duplex structures and the hydrogel matrix, and the recombination of free DOX and adaptive hydrogel transformations can also be achieved. As demonstrated by both in vitro and in vivo models, the MXene‐DNA hydrogel system, with excellent biocompatibility and injectability, dynamically NIR‐triggered drug delivery, and enhanced drug uptake under mild hyperthermia conditions, exhibits efficient localized cancer treatment with fewer side effects to the organisms.
Injectable Double Positively Charged Hydrogel Microspheres for Targeting‐Penetration‐Phagocytosis
Authors: Lin Jiawei , Chen Liang , Yang Jielai , Li Xingchen , Wang Juan , Zhu Yuan , Xu Xiangyang , Cui Wenguo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe localization and accumulation of drugs in the body determine their therapeutic effects; however, the specific microstructure of damaged tissues hinders drug delivery. Currently, there is a shortage of effective drug carriers to breach these barriers and achieve efficient tissue and cellular delivery of drugs. In this study, an injectable double positively charged functional hydrogel microsphere with “targeting cartilage extracellular matrix”, “cartilage penetration”, and “cellular phagocytosis” is designed for matching the structural characteristics of joints, addressing the difficulties of drug delivery in joints. The microspheres could be adsorbed on the negatively charged cartilage surface because of their positively charged poly‐lysine surface. Furthermore, the internally loaded positively charged polyamidoamine contained kartogenin, which helped further the penetration of the cartilage under the guidance of electrical charge. The microspheres could release kartogenin for more than 21 days. In in vivo experiments, the microspheres effectively improve the efficiency of drug delivery, inhibit the degradation of cartilage matrix and subchondral bone, and delay the development of osteoarthritis. As a double positively charged drug delivery system, the versatile microsphere has great potential for treating osteoarthritis and other diseases.
Controlled Self‐Assembly of Hollow Core‐Shell FeMn/CoNi Prussian Blue Analogs with Boosted Electrocatalytic Activity
Authors: Wang Shiqi , Huo Wenyi , Feng Hanchen , Zhou Xuefeng , Fang Feng , Xie Zonghan , Shang Jian Ku , Jiang Jianqing 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPrussian blue analogs (PBAs) are considered as efficient catalysts for energy‐related applications due to their porous nanoscale architectures containing finely disseminated active sites. Their catalytic capability can be greatly boosted by the rational design and construction of complex PBA hybrid nanostructures. However, present‐day structure engineering inevitably involves additional etchant or procedure. Herein, a facile, yet controllable one‐pot self‐assembly strategy is introduced to prepare hierarchical core‐shell polymetallic PBAs (featuring bimetallic FeMn PBAs cores and CoNi PBAs shells) with hollow nano‐cages/solid nano‐cube architectures. The detailed characterization of material morphology/composition, assisted with theoretical simulations, reveals the underlying formation mechanism where the key factor is the control of the nucleation rate via the use of chelating agent (citrates) and reaction kinetics. The resulting FeMn@CoNi–H compound is found to accelerate the oxygen evolution reaction activity with a low overpotential (236 mV at a current density 10 mA cm–2) as well as a low Tafel slope (58.4 mV dec−1). Such an impressive performance is endowed by the rational compositional and structural design with optimized electronic structures as well as an increase in exposed active sites. This work provides a robust, cost‐effective pathway that enables chemical and morphological control in creating high‐performance catalysts for water electrolysis.
Molecular Van Der Waals Heterojunction Photodiodes Enabling Dipole‐Induced Polarity Switching
Authors: Shin Jaeho , Yang Seunghoon , Eo Jung Sun , Jeon Takgyeong , Lee Jaeho , Lee Chul‐Ho , Wang Gunuk 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSolid‐state devices capable of controlling light‐responsive charge transport at the molecular scale are essential for developing molecular optoelectronic technology. Here, a solid‐state molecular photodiode device constructed by forming van der Waals (vdW) heterojunctions between standard molecular self‐assembled monolayers and two‐dimensional semiconductors such as WSe2 is reported. In particular, two non‐functionalized molecular species used herein (i.e., tridecafluoro‐1‐octanethiol and 1‐octanethiol) enable bidirectional modulation of the interface band alignment with WSe2, depending on their dipole orientations. This dipole‐induced band modulation at the vdW heterointerface leads to the opposite change of both photoswitching polarity and rectifying characteristics. Furthermore, compared with other molecular or 2D photodiodes at a similar scale, these heterojunction devices exhibit significantly enhanced photo‐responsive performances in terms of photocurrent magnitude, open‐circuit potential, and switching speed. This study proposes a novel concept of the solid‐state molecular optoelectronic device with controlled functions and enhanced performances.
Reliability and risk in new ventures: Founding team's native immigrant composition and performance variability
Authors: Sinha Kanhaiya K. , Osiyevskyy Oleksiy 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe study examines the performance and the risks of new ventures founded by hybrid teams consisting of immigrants and natives. Earlier investigations have taken a dichotomous view of immigrants in the founding team without paying sufficient attention to their relative numbers. We argue that the numeric strength of immigrants in the founding team affects firms' average performance. Furthermore, as entrepreneurial endeavors are risky, we examine the native/immigration effect on the new venture performance variability. Using new venture data from the Kauffman Firm Survey, we find that the ratio of natives in the founding team is associated with lower mean performance and higher risk in the short and medium term. This means a higher relative number of immigrants in the founding team is associated with higher average performance and lower risk. We further find that the average team age is negatively associated with the short‐ and medium‐term mean performance while positively affecting the short‐term performance variability. A higher male–female ratio is positively associated with performance but not with variability.
Competing‐risks model for prediction of small‐for‐gestational‐age neonate at 36 weeks' gestation
Authors: Papastefanou I. , Thanopoulou V. , Dimopoulou S. , Syngelaki A. , Akolekar R. , Nicolaides K. H. 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo develop further a competing‐risks model for the prediction of a small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) neonate by including sonographically estimated fetal weight (EFW) and biomarkers of impaired placentation at 36 weeks' gestation, and to compare the performance of the new model with that of the traditional EFW < 10th percentile cut‐off.MethodsThis was a prospective observational study in 29 035 women with a singleton pregnancy undergoing routine ultrasound examination at 35 + 0 to 36 + 6 weeks' gestation. A competing‐risks model for the prediction of a SGA neonate was used. The parameters included in the prior‐history model were provided in previous studies. An interaction continuous model was used for the EFW likelihood. A folded plane regression model was fitted to describe likelihoods of biomarkers of impaired placentation. Stratification plans were also developed. The new model was evaluated and compared with EFW percentile cut‐offs.ResultsThe performance of the model was better for predicting SGA neonates delivered closer to the point of assessment. The prediction provided by maternal factors alone was improved significantly by the addition of EFW, uterine artery pulsatility index (UtA‐PI) and placental growth factor (PlGF) but not by mean arterial pressure or soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase‐1. At a 10% false‐positive rate, maternal factors and EFW predicted 77.6% and 65.8% of SGA neonates < 10th percentile delivered before 38 and 42 weeks, respectively. The respective figures for SGA < 3rd percentile were 85.5% and 74.2%. Addition of UtA‐PI and PlGF resulted in marginal improvement in prediction of SGA < 3rd percentile requiring imminent delivery. A competing‐risks approach that combines maternal factors and EFW performed better when compared with fixed EFW percentile cut‐offs at predicting a SGA neonate, especially with increasing time interval between assessment and delivery. The new model was well‐calibrated.ConclusionsA competing‐risks model provides effective risk stratification for a SGA neonate at 35 + 0 to 36 + 6 weeks' gestation and is superior to EFW percentile cut‐offs. The use of biomarkers of impaired placentation in addition to maternal factors and fetal biometry results in small improvement of the predictive performance for a neonate with severe SGA. © 2022 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology applications of magnetoelectric nanoparticles
Authors: Smith Isadora Takako , Zhang Elric , Yildirim Yagmur Akin , Campos Manuel Alberteris , Abdel‐Mottaleb Mostafa , Yildirim Burak , Ramezani Zeinab , Andre Victoria Louise , Scott‐Vandeusen Aidan , Liang Ping , Khizroev Sakhrat 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUnlike any other nanoparticles known to date, magnetoelectric nanoparticles (MENPs) can generate relatively strong electric fields locally via the application of magnetic fields and, vice versa, have their magnetization change in response to an electric field from the microenvironment. Hence, MENPs can serve as a wireless two‐way interface between man‐made devices and physiological systems at the molecular level. With the recent development of room‐temperature biocompatible MENPs, a number of novel potential medical applications have emerged. These applications include wireless brain stimulation and mapping/recording of neural activity in real‐time, targeted delivery across the blood–brain barrier (BBB), tissue regeneration, high‐specificity cancer cures, molecular‐level rapid diagnostics, and others. Several independent in vivo studies, using mice and nonhuman primates models, demonstrated the capability to deliver MENPs in the brain across the BBB via intravenous injection or, alternatively, bypassing the BBB via intranasal inhalation of the nanoparticles. Wireless deep brain stimulation with MENPs was demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo in different rodents models by several independent groups. High‐specificity cancer treatment methods as well as tissue regeneration approaches with MENPs were proposed and demonstrated in in vitro models. A number of in vitro and in vivo studies were dedicated to understand the underlying mechanisms of MENPs‐based high‐specificity targeted drug delivery via application of d.c. and a.c. magnetic fields.This article is categorized under:Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in BiologyTherapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Neurological DiseaseTherapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic DiseaseTherapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies
ODDE Strategic Positioning in the Post-COVID-19 Era
Authors: Glennie Jenny , Paul Ross 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis chapter considers some of the challenges of the development of strategy, both for the conventional and ODDE sectors of higher education, with a brief look at the literature since strategic planning was first in vogue in the private sector in the early 1960s. Although the most common approach in higher education, so much so-called strategic planning does little to advance long-term visions and strategies or to differentiate one institution from another. The sudden pivot to online learning and other distance education that the COVID-19 pandemic has forced on conventional (contact) institutions has blurred distinctions between traditional and ODDE universities, thus rendering effective strategy development and implementation more important than ever.This chapter conducts the literature review considering both institutional and system-wide strategy development, underlining their common elements. Then, from the unique vantage point of the South African Institute of Distance Education (Saide), a nongovernmental organization based in Johannesburg but conducting projects throughout South Africa and sub-Saharan Africa, it discusses the challenges for ODDE strategy development in the particular context of COVID-19. The chapter concludes with implications from the analysis for both the conventional and ODDE sectors in higher education in South Africa and elsewhere based, in part, on the lessons learned during the pandemic.