bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance analysis of spatial multiplexing MIMO-MFSK based on energy detection for fast-fading environments
Authors: Li Shuaijun , Qiu Hongbing , Zheng Lin , Yang Chao 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn fast-fading scattering environments such as high-speed rail and low-altitude communications, mobile communication systems need to quickly and robustly estimate and equalize fast-fading, time-varying channels. Under these circumstances, noncoherent multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) has received attention in recent years, since it is less influenced by factors such as phase fluctuations and has fewer requirements for channel estimation and synchronization. Spatial multiplexing MIMO-MFSK based on energy detection is different from conventional noncoherent MIMO in that it can achieve higher spatial multiplexing gain in the independent distribution of channel fading statistics. At the receiver, partial real channel state information (CSI) is available, which can improve the capacity while ensuring the reliability of the link. With partial real CSI replacing instantaneous CSI, the system performance is inferior to conventional coherent MIMO under the influence of noise. As a result, it is necessary to analyze its theoretical detection performance. By energy detection, the noise of the MIMO-MFSK system conforms to the generalized gamma distribution. On the basis of this distribution, the optimal decision rule of the system and the symbol error rate (SER) formula are derived. Additionally, we investigate the signal-dependent noise problem of minimum Euclidean distance detection. Numerical results show that the SER formula fits well with the simulation results under the condition of a high signal-to-noise ratio.
Global well-posedness of the compressible quantum magnetohydrodynamic model with small initial energy
Authors: Yang Ying , Zhou Yu , Zhu Canze 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the three-dimensional Cauchy problem of the compressible quantum magnetohydrodynamic model. It is proved that the system admits a unique global solution, provided that the initial energy is suitably small. Furthermore, the large time behavior of the global solution is obtained.
The first case report of multiple thoracic vertebrae fractures caused by a low-voltage electric shock
Authors: Žatecký Jan , Peteja Matúš , Gawel Wladyslaw Bartosz , Lerch Milan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
This paper describes a unique case—the first case of multiple fractures of the thoracic vertebrae caused by a low-voltage electric shock.

Case presentation
A 22-year-old male patient was diagnosed with compression fractures of Th2–Th6 caused by a muscle spasm resulting from an electric shock. The patient was treated conservatively using a cervico-thoracic support corset. After rehabilitation, the patient has regained his physiological movement of the spine without any back pain.

Conclusions
Albeit vertebral fractures caused by electric shock injury are extremely rare, clinicians should always keep in mind this diagnosis, especially when clinical symptoms such as pain and limitation of movement are present.
Experimental Investigation on Flexural Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Beams Strengthened with 3D-Fiberglass, CFRP and GFRP
Authors: Vahidpour Mahdi , Kheyroddin Ali , Kioumarsi Mahdi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe main objective of this study is to investigate the structural performance of reinforced concrete (RC) beam specimens strengthened with 3D-fiberglass as compared with fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) sheets. For this purpose, six RC beams were fabricated, strengthened, and tested under a four-point bending machine. One of the beams served as the control beam (REF), while the others were strengthened with carbon FRP (RCFRP), glass FRP (RGFRP), 3D-fiberglass and epoxy resin (R3DTR), 3D-fiberglass and epoxy resin extended to the sides (R3DTRB), and 3D-fiberglass and concrete repair (R3DTG). Failure mode, crack development, flexural capacity, ductility, the effectiveness of wrapping configurations, and the performance of epoxy resin in comparison with concrete repairer were studied between various beams. The results attest to the better performance and effectiveness of 3D-fiberglass over FRP in terms of flexural capacity, crack pattern, and ductility. The R3DTR and RGFRP specimens, compared to the control specimen, had the highest and lowest flexural capacity growth, with 19% and 8.4%, respectively. In addition, the failure modes observed in this study were in good agreement with the failure modes present in ACI.440.2R-17. Moreover, finite element (FE) models were proposed to predict the residual capacity of the specimens strengthened with FRP, using Abaqus software.
Physical activity improves outcomes of combined lenvatinib plus anti-PD-1 therapy in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective study and mouse model
Authors: Liu Xue-Feng , Zhu Xiao-Dong , Feng Long-Hai , Li Xiao-Long , Xu Bin , Li Kang-Shuai , Xiao Nan , Lei Ming , Sun Hui-Chuan , Tang Zhao-You 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundPhysical activity is known to have anti-cancer effects, including immunomodulatory actions. This study investigated the hypothesis that physical activity synergizes with combined lenvatinib plus anti-PD-1 therapy to enhance efficacy in patients with unresectable HCC.MethodsThe physical activity levels of patients with unresectable HCC receiving combined lenvatinib plus anti-PD-1 therapy were recorded by questionnaire. Patients were categorized according to physical activity levels (active vs. sedentary). The primary outcome was overall survival (OS). Secondary outcomes included objective response rate (ORR) and progression-free survival (PFS). A subcutaneous syngeneic HCC model was generated in C57BL/6 mice. Mice were randomized to receive placebo, combined lenvatinib plus anti-PD-1 antibodies or combination therapy plus physical activity. Tumors were measured every 3 days and harvested for immunohistochemistry analysis at 20 mm maximum diameter.ResultsFifty-nine patients with unresectable HCC were categorized to active (n = 28) or sedentary (n = 31) groups. The active group had higher albumin and des-γ-carboxy prothrombin levels and lower hepatitis B virus load at baseline; other clinical and oncologic characteristics were comparable between the two groups. Patients in the active group had significantly longer OS (HR = 0.220, 95% CI 0.060–0.799) and PFS (HR = 0.158, 95% CI 0.044–0.562) and higher ORR (OR = 4.571, 95% CI 1.482–14.102) than patients in the sedentary group. Regular physical activity was independently associated with OS, PFS and ORR. The mouse model showed that physical activity significantly suppressed tumor growth and prolonged survival of tumor-bearing mice. Furthermore, physical activity inhibited Treg cell infiltration and immune checkpoint expression (including CTLA4, TIGIT and TIM3) induced by long-term combined lenvatinib plus anti-PD-1 therapy, improving efficacy.ConclusionsRegular physical activity was associated with improved outcomes in unresectable HCC receiving combined lenvatinib plus anti-PD-1 therapy. Physical activity may improve therapeutic efficacy by reprograming the tumor microenvironment from an immunosuppressive to immunostimulatory phenotype.
Identification of novel lipid biomarkers in xmrk- and Myc-induced models of hepatocellular carcinoma in zebrafish
Authors: Monroe Jerry D. , Fraher Daniel , Huang Xiaoqian , Mellett Natalie A. , Meikle Peter J. , Sinclair Andrew J. , Lirette Seth T. , Maihle Nita J. , Gong Zhiyuan , Gibert Yann 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the predominant form of liver cancer and is accompanied by complex dysregulation of lipids. Increasing evidence suggests that particular lipid species are associated with HCC progression. Here, we aimed to identify lipid biomarkers of HCC associated with the induction of two oncogenes, xmrk, a zebrafish homolog of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and Myc, a regulator of EGFR expression during HCC.

Methods
We induced HCC in transgenic xmrk, Myc, and xmrk/Myc zebrafish models. Liver specimens were histologically analyzed to characterize the HCC stage, Oil-Red-O stained to detect lipids, and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analyzed to assign and quantify lipid species. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to measure lipid metabolic gene expression in liver samples. Lipid species data was analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic modeling to correlate lipid class levels with HCC progression.

Results
We found that induction of xmrk, Myc and xmrk/Myc caused different stages of HCC. Lipid deposition and class levels generally increased during tumor progression, but triglyceride levels decreased. Myc appears to control early HCC stage lipid species levels in double transgenics, whereas xmrk may take over this role in later stages. Lipid metabolic gene expression can be regulated by either xmrk, Myc, or both oncogenes. Our computational models showed that variations in total levels of several lipid classes are associated with HCC progression.

Conclusions
These data indicate that xmrk and Myc can temporally regulate lipid species that may serve as effective biomarkers of HCC progression.
Disordered eating behaviour in adolescents with type 1 diabetes on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion; relation to body image, depression and glycemic control
Authors: Salah Nouran Yousef , Hashim Mostafa Ahmad , Abdeen Mai Seif ElDin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Disordered eating behaviour (DEB) represents a significant morbidity among people with type-1 diabetes (T1D). Continuous-subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) improves glycemic control and psychological wellbeing in those with T1D. However, its relation to DEB remains obscure.

Objectives
To compare DEB among adolescents with T1D on CSII versus basal-bolus regimen and correlate it with body image, HbA1C and depression.

Methods
Sixty adolescents with T1D (30 on CSII and 30 on basal-bolus regimen), aged 12–17 years were studied focusing on diabetes-duration, insulin therapy, exercise, socioeconomic standard, hypoglycemic attacks/week and family history of psychiatric illness. Anthropometric measures, HbA1C, binge eating scale (BES), body image tool, patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ9) and the Mini-KID depression scale were assessed.

Results
Among the studied adolescents with T1D, six had DEB (10%), 14 had poor body-image perception (23.3%), 42 had moderate body-image perception (70%) and 22 had depression (36.7%). Adolescents with T1D on CSII had significantly lower BES (p = 0.022), Mini-KID depression (p = 0.001) and PHQ9 (p = 0.02) than those on basal-bolus regimen. BES was positively correlated to depression (p < 0.001), HbA1C (p = 0.013) and diabetes-duration (p = 0.009) and negatively correlated to body-image (p = 0.003).

Conclusion
DEB is a prevalent comorbidity among adolescents with T1D, with higher frequency in those on basal-bolus regimen than CSII.
Evaluating the quality, safety, and functionality of commonly used smartphone apps for bipolar disorder mood and sleep self-management
Authors: Morton Emma , Nicholas Jennifer , Yang Linda , Lapadat Laura , Barnes Steven J. , Provencher Martin D. , Depp Colin , Chan Michelle , Kulur Rhea , Michalak Erin E. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) are increasingly turning to smartphone applications (apps) for health information and self-management support. While reviews have raised concerns regarding the effectiveness and safety of publicly available apps for BD, apps surveyed may not reflect what individuals with BD are using. The present study had two aims: first, to characterize the use of health apps to support mood and sleep amongst people with BD, and second, to evaluate the quality, safety and functionality of the most commonly used self-management apps.

Methods
A web-based survey was conducted to explore which apps people with BD reported using to support self-management of mood and sleep. The characteristics of the most commonly nominated apps were described using a standardized framework, including their privacy policy, clinical foundations, and functionality.

Results
Respondents (n = 919) were 77.9% female with a mean age of 36.9 years. 41.6% of participants (n = 382) reported using a self-management app to support mood or sleep. 110 unique apps were nominated in relation to mood, and 104 unique apps nominated in relation to sleep; however, most apps were only mentioned once. The nine most frequently nominated apps related to mood and sleep were subject to further evaluation. All reviewed apps offered a privacy policy, however user control over data was limited and the complexity of privacy policies was high. Only one app was developed for BD populations. Half of reviewed apps had published peer-reviewed evidence to support their claims of efficacy, but little research was specific to BD.

Conclusion
Findings illustrate the potential of smartphone apps to increase the reach of psychosocial interventions amongst people with BD. Apps were largely created by commercial developers and designed for the general population, highlighting a gap in the development and dissemination of evidence-informed apps for BD. There may be risks in using generic health apps for BD self-management; clinicians should enquire about patients’ app use to foster conversations about their particular benefits and limitations.
Mical modulates Tau toxicity via cysteine oxidation in vivo
Authors: Prifti Engie , Tsakiri Eleni N. , Vourkou Ergina , Stamatakis George , Samiotaki Martina , Skoulakis Efthimios M. C. , Papanikolopoulou Katerina 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTau accumulation is clearly linked to pathogenesis in Alzheimer’s disease and other Tauopathies. However, processes leading to Tau fibrillization and reasons for its pathogenicity remain largely elusive. Mical emerged as a novel interacting protein of human Tau expressed in Drosophila brains. Mical is characterized by the presence of a flavoprotein monooxygenase domain that generates redox potential with which it can oxidize target proteins. In the well-established Drosophila Tauopathy model, we use genetic interactions to show that Mical alters Tau interactions with microtubules and the Actin cytoskeleton and greatly affects Tau aggregation propensity and Tau-associated toxicity and dysfunction. Exploration of the mechanism was pursued using a Mical inhibitor, a mutation in Mical that selectively disrupts its monooxygenase domain, Tau transgenes mutated at cysteine residues targeted by Mical and mass spectrometry analysis to quantify cysteine oxidation. The collective evidence strongly indicates that Mical’s redox activity mediates the effects on Tau via oxidation of Cys322. Importantly, we also validate results from the fly model in human Tauopathy samples by showing that MICAL1 is up-regulated in patient brains and co-localizes with Tau in Pick bodies. Our work provides mechanistic insights into the role of the Tau cysteine residues as redox-switches regulating the process of Tau self-assembly into inclusions in vivo, its function as a cytoskeletal protein and its effect on neuronal toxicity and dysfunction.
Zika virus vertical transmission in interferon receptor1-antagonized Rag1−/− mice results in postnatal brain abnormalities and clinical disease
Authors: Winkler Clayton W. , Clancy Chad S. , Rosenke Rebecca , Peterson Karin E. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe mechanisms by which vertically transmitted Zika virus (ZIKV) causes postnatal brain development abnormalities and congenital disease remain poorly understood. Here, we optimized the established anti-IFNAR1 treated, Rag1−/− (AIR) mouse model of ZIKV infection to examine the consequence of vertical transmission on neonate survival and postnatal brain development. We found that modulating the infectious dose and the frequency of anti-IFNAR1 treatment of pregnant mice (termed AIRlow mice) prolonged neonatal survival allowing for pathogenesis studies of brain tissues at critical postnatal time points. Postnatal AIRlow mice all had chronic ZIKV infection in the brain that was associated with decreased cortical thickness and cerebellar volume, increased gliosis, and higher levels of cell death in many brain areas including cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum when compared to controls. Interestingly, despite active infection and brain abnormalities, the neurodevelopmental program remained active in AIRlow mice as indicated by elevated mRNA expression of critical neurodevelopmental genes in the brain and enlargement of neural-progenitor rich regions of the cerebellum at a developmental time point analogous to birth in humans. Nevertheless, around the developmental time point when the brain is fully populated by neurons, AIRlow mice developed neurologic disease associated with persistent ZIKV infection in the brain, gliosis, and increased cell death. Together, these data show that vertically transmitted ZIKV infection in the brain of postnatal AIRlow mice strongly influences brain development resulting in structural abnormalities and cell death in multiple regions of the brain.
A Sui-Tang dynasty woman’s crown: analyzing form, glass and class
Authors: Du Jingnan , Eckfeld Tonia , Yang Junchang , Jiang Fengrui , Zhang Quanmin , Shao Yanbing 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A woman’s crown made of fine gilt bronze with refined glass inlay work was excavated from a Sui-Tang tomb called Kunlun M2 in Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China. Very few female crowns and crown ornaments have been excavated in China thus far, and there has been a lack of systematic research into the technologies used to manufacture them. Importantly, this paper uses the M2 crown to investigate its surface inlays and overall shape, then conducts a comparative analysis of women's crown ornaments of the same type, providing a reference for study of the crown. Non-invasive and micro-destructive analysis including optical microscopy (OM), optical coherence tomography (OCT), micro X-ray fluorescence imagery (XRF), and Raman spectroscopy were applied. These identified the crown’s inlays as potash-lime glass, composed mainly of the raw materials: vein quartz or quartzite with potassium nitrate as flux. The inlays were sintered before embedding into gilt copper wire filigree. In comparison to the composition proportions in other ancient potash-lime glass, there is no specific percentage of the raw materials in Chinese potash-lime glass, where the ingredients were likely determined by the experience of the craftsman. Compared with existing research on other crowns and their inlays, this study speculates that the crown dates from the Sui dynasty (581–618) or early Tang dynasty (618–649), was made locally by Chinese craftsmen and belonged to the wife of a high official.
Defining user spectra to classify Ethereum users based on their behavior
Authors: Bonifazi Gianluca , Corradini Enrico , Ursino Domenico , Virgili Luca 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
In this paper, we define the concept of user spectrum and adopt it to classify Ethereum users based on their behavior.

Design/methodology/approach
Given a time period, our approach associates each user with a spectrum showing the trend of some behavioral features obtained from a social network-based representation of Ethereum. Each class of users has its own spectrum, obtained by averaging the spectra of its users. In order to evaluate the similarity between the spectrum of a class and the one of a user, we propose a tailored similarity measure obtained by adapting to this context some general measures provided in the past. Finally, we test our approach on a dataset of Ethereum transactions.

Findings
We define a social network-based model to represent Ethereum. We also define a spectrum for a user and a class of users (i.e., token contract, exchange, bancor and uniswap), consisting of suitable multivariate time series. Furthermore, we propose an approach to classify new users. The core of this approach is a metric capable of measuring the similarity degree between the spectrum of a user and the one of a class of users. This metric is obtained by adapting the Eros distance (i.e., Extended Frobenius Norm) to this scenario.

Originality/value
This paper introduces the concept of spectrum of a user and a class of users, which is new for blockchains. Differently from past models, which represented user behavior by means of univariate time series, the user spectrum here proposed exploits multivariate time series. Moreover, this paper shows that the original Eros distance does not return satisfactory results when applied to user and class spectra, and proposes a modified version of it, tailored to the reference scenario, which reaches a very high accuracy. Finally, it adopts spectra and the modified Eros distance to classify Ethereum users based on their past behavior. Currently, no multi-class automatic classification approach tailored to Ethereum exists yet, albeit some single-class ones have been recently proposed. Therefore, the only way to classify users in Ethereum are online services (e.g., Etherscan), where users are classified after a request from them. However, the fraction of users thus classified is low. To address this issue, we present an automatic approach for a multi-class classification of Ethereum users based on their past behavior.