bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conducta sexual y otros factores de riesgo para cáncer de próstata
Authors: Ángeles-Garay Ulises , Sandoval-Sánchez Juan Joel , Sánchez-Martínez Luis Carlos , Acosta-Cazares Benjamín , Ruíz-Betancourt Blanca Sandra 
Published: February 2022

El cáncer de próstata (CaP) es la neoplasia de mayor impacto para población masculina. Los factores conocidos que lo originan son la edad, la raza y la herencia; mientras que otros componentes, como la conducta sexual, no han sido bien establecidos.
Objetivo: Medir la asociación de la conducta sexual y otros factores con el CaP en población mexicana.
Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio de casos y controles pareado, en el cual se incluyeron como casos a pacientes con adenocarcinoma de la próstata (AV) y como controles a pacientes sin diagnóstico de CaP ± 3 años de edad. Se realizó una entrevista médica confidencial para obtener la información sobre las variables de estudio y se completó de los expedientes hospitalarios.
Resultados: El inicio de vida sexual (IVS) después de los 18 años tuvo una RM de 2.82 (IC 95% 1.27-6.25), la soltería RM 16.4 (IC 95% 5.42-49.65); las relaciones sexuales (RS) con trabajadoras del sexo comercial (TSC) RM 8.75 (IC 95% 3.66-20.9), y el antecedentes de enfermedad de transmisión sexual RM 2.49 (IC 95% 1.24-4.99).
Conclusiones: De las características de la conducta sexual masculina, el inicio de vida sexual tardía, la soltería, RS con TSC y el antecedente de alguna ETS resultaron asociados con el riesgo de padecer CaP. No encontramos asociación con el número de parejas sexuales (NPS) ni con la frecuencia de las RS.
Linfoma difuso de células B grandes metastásico a testículo y vejiga. Un reporte de caso
Authors: Franco-Buenaventura Daniela , García-Perdomo Herney Andrés 
Published: February 2022

Resumen:
Descripción del caso clínico: Presentamos el caso de un varón de 44 años, con diagnóstico de linfoma difuso de células B grandes, de tipo centro germinal, metastásico a testículo y vejiga. Se presentó con edema y dolor en miembros inferiores, retención urinaria e injuria renal aguda. Se encontró un conglomerado ganglionar retroperitoneal en la tomografía de ingreso, y alteración en los marcadores tumorales séricos. Se realizó una ecografía doppler testicular, a pesar de que el examen físico genital fue normal, encontrándose un tumor testicular. Se llevó a orquiectomía radical, y en el mismo tiempo quirúrgico, a derivación urinaria endoscópica con catéteres JJ, y se evidenció entonces, un compromiso neoplásico vesical. Los reportes histológicos de testículo y vejiga reportaron tumor maligno mal diferenciado de probable origen metastásico, y la inmuno-histoquímica reportó linfoma difuso de células B grandes de tipo centro germinal.
Relevancia: Los linfomas no Hodgkin constituyen las principales causas de linfoma secundario de testículo y vejiga.
Implicaciones clínicas: En pacientes hombres jóvenes con masas retroperitoneales, como en el caso de linfoma de células B grandes, es importante tomar en consideración el compromiso secundario de testículo y vejiga.
Conclusión: el compromiso secundario de testículo y vejiga corresponde a una presentación inusual de este tipo de linfoma. Se reportó el caso con el objetivo de tomar en consideración el diagnóstico, en pacientes hombres jóvenes con masas retroperitoneales.
Melanoma primario de pene
Authors: Sandoval-Téllez Jorge Gerardo , Ricardez-Espinosa Abel Antonio , Jiménez-López Luis Alfredo , Pardo-Castillo Edgar 
Published: February 2022

Descripción caso clínico: Masculino de 54 años de edad, sin antecedentes de importancia, valorado por síntomas obstructivos del tracto urinario inferior. Presenta fimosis y se palpa en glande lesión pétrea, se realiza incisión dorsal de prepucio teniendo como hallazgo tumor en glande de aspecto verrugoso, color negro, consistencia pétrea. El tratamiento consistió en penectomía total. Presenta progresión de la actividad tumoral hepática, esplénica y ganglionar inguinal izquierdo además de lesiones blásticas a nivel de l4, t7 y t9. Tratado inicialmente de forma paliativa con temozolamida y posteriormente con inf alfa 2b y ácido zoledrónico. El paciente fallece a los 16 meses de diagnóstico.
Relevancia: El melanoma de pene neoplasia cutánea maligna agresiva, de rápida progresión y con alta mortalidad, derivado de la proliferación de melanocitos atípicos representa menos del 1% de los casos de cáncer de pene y menos del 0.2% de todos los melanomas. Se han reportado alrededor de 200 casos en la literatura.
Implicaciones clínicas: No existe tratamiento estandarizado, el tratamiento es quirúrgico mediante penectomía total, sin embargo, no existe un estándar de tratamiento. La opción de tratamiento más racional parece ser una cirugía radical si es posible junto con la terapia adyuvante.
Conclusiones: El melanoma de pene neoplasia cutánea maligna de mal pronóstico por su gran capacidad de producir metástasis y rápida diseminación principalmente por vía linfática. La quimioterapia y radioterapia son solo paliativas o adyuvantes con resultados variables.
Eficacia y seguridad del abordaje del cáliz superior durante la nefrolitotomía percutánea en el Hospital Central Militar
Authors: German-Garrido Carlos Omar , Bravo-Castro Edgar Iván , Díaz-Gómez Cristobal , Campos-Salcedo José Gadú 
Published: February 2022

Antecedentes: En muchas ocasiones se evita obtener acceso al polo superior para la nefrolitotomía percutánea (nlp) debido a una mayor tasa de complicaciones. El acceso renal por el polo superior puede lograr tasas más altas libres de cálculos con tasas de complicaciones similares.Evaluamos los resultados sobre eficacia y seguridad de nuestra institución sobre el acceso renal percutáneo en el polo superior para la nefrolitotomía percutánea.
Materiales y métodos: Análisis retrospectivo donde se incluyeron todas las nefrolitotomías percutáneas realizadas entre junio del 2017 y octubre del 2018 en nuestra institución. Los criterios de inclusión incluyeron pacientes en los que el urólogo obtuvo acceso renal a través del polo superior para la nefrolitotomía percutánea. El estado libre de litiasis fue determinado mediante radiografía de abdomen o por tomografía computarizada en el primer día posoperatorio. Los pacientes sin cálculos visibles en la radiografía de abdomen o con litos menores de 4 mm en la tomografía computarizada se consideraron libres de litiasis.
Resultados: Un total de 39 pacientes obtuvieron acceso al polo superior para nlp. Hubo un total de 21 (53.84%) cálculos coraliformes, de los cuales 6 (15.38%) eran cálculos coraliformes incompletos. El acceso renal se obtuvo por encima de la 11ª costilla en 12.8 % (n = 5), entre la 11 y 12 costilla en 48.7 % (n = 19), subcostal en 38.5% (n = 15). Las complicaciones se observaron en 8 pacientes (20.51 %). Se observó hidrotórax que requirió sonda torácica en 3 (7.7%) pacientes. Las imágenes posoperatorias confirmaron que 33 (84.61%) pacientes estaban libes de litiasis, y 6 (15.39%) requirieron un procedimiento auxiliar adicional para la resolución de la carga litiásica.
Conclusiones: Nuestra experiencia con el acceso renal percutáneo a través del polo superior para la nefrolitotomía ha demostrado que tiene un riesgo aceptable de complicaciones con una tasa libre de litiasis semejante a lo reportado en la literatura mundial y superior a otros accesos en el manejo de litos renales complejos.
Factores de riesgo para infección de vías urinarias posterior a cinta medio uretral
Authors: Zapico Ortiz Carlos Alberto , Rodríguez Colorado Silvia , Ramírez Isarraraz Carlos , Gorbea Chávez Viridiana , Granados Martínez Verónica 
Published: February 2022

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections in women. UTI rates after midurethral sling (MUS) placement are as high as 34% within the first 3 postoperative months and can reach 50% at one year. The aim of the present study was to determine the frequency of UTI and its recurrence at one year from MUS placement and to identify the risk factors.
Materials and methods: A case-control study was conducted on patients that underwent MUS placement within the time frame of 2014-2017 and completed one postoperative year. They were divided into two groups: the cases that presented with UTI and the controls that did not. All variables were expressed through descriptive statistics and the two groups were compared. Odds ratio (OR) was calculated and risk adjustment was performed on the statistically significant variables. The SPSS version 25 program was employed for the statistical analysis and statistical significance was set at a p<0.05.
Results: The study was carried out on 267 patients. Thirty-four patients (12.7%) presented with UTI and 9 patients (3.4%) presented with recurrent UTI. A total of 250 TOT slings (93.6%) were placed and 17 TVT slings (6.4%). Six patients with TVT slings (35.2%) and 28 with TOT slings (11.2%) presented with UTI during the first postoperative year, with a statistically significant association. Regarding the risk factors, TVT sling placement produced an OR of 4.32 (95%CI=1.48-12.6) and the use of a urinary catheter for more than 48 hours resulted in an OR of 8.40 (95%CI=3.23-21.8).
Conclusions: The frequency of UTI and recurrent UTI after MUS placement was similar to that reported in the literature. We found TVT sling placement and the use of a urinary catheter > 48 hours to be risk factors for UTI.
Variación en la interpretación radiológica y urológica de la tomografía computarizada para litiasis en el tracto urinario superior, en un hospital de referencia nacional
Authors: Calvo-Vázquez Iván , Rodríguez-Rodríguez Baudelio , Hernández-Méndez Erick Alejandro , Bravo-López Guadalupe Michel , Sánchez-Aquino Ulises Cristóbal , Véliz-Cabrera Gustavo Adolfo , Martínez-Arroyo Carlos , Fernández-Noyola Gerardo , Morales-Montor Jorge Gustavo , Cantellano-Orozco Mauricio , Pacheco-Gahbler Carlos 
Published: February 2022

Objective
To compare the discrepancy in computed tomography (CT) interpretations between urologists and radiologists in relation to urolithiasis and determine whether it can affect treatment.
Materials and methods
All the patients with a radiologic report of urolithiasis were analyzed, utilizing the Cohen’s kappa statistic and the Mann-Whitney U test, within the time frame of November 2017 to May 2018.
Results
A total of 142 patients, made up of 56.3% men and 43.7% women, with a mean age of 46 years, were included in the study. The main indication for CT was pain (74.6%), the most frequently ordered CT was a non-contrast scan (82.4%), and 36.6% of the studies were bilateral. Stone size, HU, and ectasia grade were not present in the radiologic reports at 8.6%, 17.3%, and 12.3%, respectively. Overall concordance for stone size was 20% when there was more than one stone, and 55% when there was a single stone (p£0.001). Concordance was 77% when stone size was classified according to the AUA (p£0.001).
Conclusions
There was considerable variation between the two specialties, emphasizing the need to utilize morphometry as a standardized method, thus obtaining a better, more accurate interpretation. It is important for the urologist to view the CT scan before deciding upon management. An estimated 31% of urologists rely solely on the report of the radiologist.
Linfedema penoscrotal primario, una entidad clínica inusual: reporte de un caso
Authors: García-Manzano Roberto Armando , García-Espinoza Jaime Aron , Flores-Carrillo Victor Manuel , García-Aragón Verónica Belém , Martínez-Santiago Nallely Ytandehui 
Published: February 2022

Clinical case: A 52-year-old man was diagnosed with late giant primary penoscrotal lymphedema and treated with lymphangiectomy plus genital reconstruction. At the follow-up one year later, there was no disease recurrence and the preservation of sexual function was achieved.
Relevance: The incidence of giant penoscrotal lymphedema is very low but its impact on morbidity is high. It is triggered by the accumulation of protein-rich fluid in subcutaneous cell tissue that produces deformity, loss of sexual function, and recurrent infections.
Clinical implications: This clinical entity conditions a decline in patient quality of life by causing discomfort in walking, and especially, sexual function deterioration.
Discussion and conclusion: Surgical treatment is currently the best therapeutic option, given that it prevents disease progression and deformity and preserves function. The best technique is lymphangiectomy plus genital reconstruction, which is described in the present case with favorable progression.
El catéter vesical Foley BIP es superior al Foley convencional en la reducción de las infecciones urinarias secundarias a catéter en pacientes hospitalizados
Authors: Hernández-Farías Miguel Ángel , Hernández-Hernández Raymundo Armando , Serrano-Brambila Eduardo Alonso , Jaspersen-Gastélum Jorge , Acevedo-García Christian , Virgen-Gutiérrez José Francisco , Rosas-Nava Jesús Emmanuel , Flores-García Luis Raymundo , Rico-Frontana Eloy , Rodríguez-Sánchez Yunuen , De Antuñano Ruíz Jeffrey Federico , Carrillo-Córdova Luis Daniel , Sánchez Núñez Juan Eduardo , Cabrera-Mora Norma Alejandra , Rodríguez-Valle Edson David , Álvarez-Maldonado Pablo 
Published: February 2022

Background: Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are the most frequent cause of infection related to healthcare. There are different strategies for preventing them and new ones, such as BIP Foley catheters (catheters coated in silver, gold, and palladium), should be considered as an alternative in reducing said infections.
Aims: To compare the incidence of CAUTIs in patients with BIP Foley catheters versus conventional Foley catheters.
Materials and methods: A double-blind clinical trial with simple randomization was conducted, obtaining a representative sample of 140 cases. A 95% confidence interval and error not greater than 5% were established.
Results: Of the 140 cases, 15 were excluded (11%), leaving a total of 125 cases. Mean patient age was 50 years ± 18; 52% were men and 48% were women. Mean time observed was 10 days ± 7. Overall incidence was 25 CAUTIs x 1000 days.
Discussion: Foley catheter use is an everyday practice. BIP Foley catheters reduce the incidence of CAUTIs.
Conclusions: CAUTIs are the most frequent infections associated with healthcare. Nosocomial infections are an indicator of the quality of patient care, negatively impacting morbidity and mortality, as well as patient economy. The use of coated catheters was an efficacious measure that considerably reduced the incidence of CAUTIs.
Tuberculosis testicular: presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Cerda-Guerrero Enrique de Jesús , Rodríguez-Rivera José Arturo 
Published: February 2022

Clinical case: A 33-year-old man with a family history of pulmonary tuberculosis sought medical consultation due to predominantly nocturnal fever and the perception of a painless right testicular mass. He had no other associated symptoms and tumor markers were within normal ranges.
Relevance: According to World Health Organization figures, infection due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the most frequent opportunistic infection worldwide.
Conclusion: The characteristic clinical presentation of testicular tuberculosis is a painless testicular mass that is difficult to differentiate from a malignant tumor. Nonspecific laboratory and imaging findings, together with low diagnostic suspicion, result in a high percentage of late diagnoses. At present, the disease is detected through pathologic findings in the surgical specimen, in a considerable number of patients. Even though short-term and medium-term outcomes tend to be favorable, one of the long-term complications of testicular tuberculosis is infertility, secondary to the destruction of the testicular parenchyma and/or obstruction of the sperm release pathway.
Uréter retrocavo: reporte de un caso y revisión de la bibliografía
Authors: Rosales-Velázquez César Eduardo , Ruvalcaba-Oceguera Guillermo Enrique , Zepeda-Aguilar Arturo 
Published: February 2022

the right renal fossa that radiated to the right flank, accompanied with nausea and vomiting on numerous occasions. Retrocaval ureter was diagnosed through computed tomography urography and the patient was admitted to the urology service. Right dismembered ureteroureterostomy was performed with the open lumbotomy approach, finding dilatation of the renal pelvis and upper third of the right ureter and the course of the ureteral tract posterior to the inferior vena cava. The patient had satisfactory postoperative progression.
Relevance: Retrocaval ureter is a rare anomaly, in which the ureter passes behind the inferior vena cava. Only about 200 cases have been reported worldwide.
Clinical implications: The pathology presents in 70% of cases with right flank pain that can be dull and persistent or manifest as frank renal colic. Computed tomography urography is the main diagnostic method and treatment is almost always surgical.
Conclusion: Patients with retrocaval ureter may or may not require surgical treatment, depending on the symptomatology. When surgery is needed, it can be open or minimally invasive, given that a surgical gold standard has yet to be described.
Factores de riesgo para recaída bioquímica en pacientes con cáncer de próstata tratados con crioablación en un Hospital de concentración de México
Authors: Cervantes-Palma César , Martínez-Alonso Iván Azael , Bravo-Castro Edgar Iván , Díaz-Gómez Cristóbal , Torres-Gómez Jesús Javier , Campos-Salcedo José Gadú 
Published: February 2022

Objective: To determine the risk factors for biochemical relapse (BR) in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) treated by cryoablation.
Materials and methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional, analytic study was conducted on 36 patients with PCa, treated by cryoablation at the Hospital Central Militar, within the time frame of January 2012 to October 2018. BR was determined utilizing the Phoenix criterion. A bivariate analysis was carried out and the odds ratio (OR) was calculated for different variables.
Results: Mean follow-up duration was 32.1 months, mean PSA nadir was 2.07 ng/mL after cryoablation, with a mean of 4.92 months for reaching that PSA level. Nine patients developed BR. In the risk analysis, only the PSA nadir at its cutoff value >0.8 ng/mL was identified as a risk factor for BR (OR 8.3, 95% CI, 1.40 – 49.06; p=0.01).
Discussion: Ours is the first national study that identified the PSA nadir as a risk factor for BR in patients with PCa treated by cryoablation.
Conclusions: In the present study, the PSA nadir was a risk factor for BR in patients with PCa treated by cryoablation, upon demonstrating an 8.3-fold higher risk for the development of BR after treatment.
Asociación entre hipospadias y criptorquidia con anquiloglosia y anquiloquilia en pacientes del Hospital Infantil de Morelia
Authors: Gómez-Pamatz Francisco Javier , Landa-Román Cristóbal , Tapia-Garibay Jorge Ignacio 
Published: February 2022

Background: The present study focused on the diagnoses of hypospadias, epispadias, phimosis, and cryptorchidism, seeking the presence of ankyloglossia and/or ankylosis.
Methods: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, no-risk study was conducted on 50 patients that came for check-up at the pediatric urology service of the Hospital Infantil de Morelia “Eva Sámano de López Mateos” (SSA), within the time frame of December 2017-August 2018. Male patients between the ages of 1-13 years that met at least 2 evaluation criteria were included. The Kotlow, Kayaba, hypospadias, epispadias, and Beltrán-Brown classifications were utilized.
Results: Fifty patients diagnosed with midline pathologies that came to urology consultation were found. Of the patients analyzed, 68% were diagnosed with hypospadias, 0% with epispadias, 12% with phimosis, 10% with cryptorchidism, and 10% with hypospadias and cryptorchidism. Twenty percent had the added presence of grade 3 pathologic ankyloglossia, 12% had grade 4 lip ties, 22% had grade 3 upper lip ties, 34% grade 4 upper lip ties, 10% had grade 3 lower lip ties, and 0% grade 4 lower lip ties.
Conclusion: Midline morphologic alterations in the male reproductive apparatus and cryptorchidism are closely related to the dysmorphic pathologies of the buccal midline mucosal folds.
Teleurología y experiencia en el diagnóstico de neoplasias urológicas en un hospital en el Norte de México
Authors: Gonzalez-Bonilla Eduardo Alberto , Cantú-Elizondo Jesús Héctor , Halún-Treviño Antonio Nassim , González-Oyervides Roberto , Barrera-Juárez Eduardo 
Published: February 2022

Background: Genitourinary cancer is a great health problem worldwide, and mortality rates are higher in less developed countries. Mexico’s geographic distribution is complex, making it difficult to provide health services to rural communities. In the present study, we present the experience in providing medical services to remote communities through telemedicine, mainly in relation to the diagnosis of urologic neoplasias. By sharing our experience, we hope the program, as well as the process of primary care diagnosis of urologic neoplasias, can be improved, enhancing opportune patient referral.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective, descriptive analysis of the urology consultations carried out by the urology service personnel through telemedicine, within the time frame of January 2009 to May 2017, was conducted. The case records of patients suspected of urologic neoplasia were examined and the data of patients in whom the diagnosis was confirmed were analyzed.
Results: A total of 1,265 consultations were given by the urology service through telemedicine during the study period. Of those, 696 were first-time consultations and the rest were subsequent appointments. Fifty-nine patients were suspected of having genitourinary cancer (8% of the first-time consultations) and the disease was confirmed in 17 patients (2% of the first-time consultations). The most prevalent neoplasia was prostate cancer, presenting in 6 patients (35%), and the remaining cases corresponded to bladder cancer (29%), penile cancer (12%), testicular cancer (12%), kidney cancer (6%), and urothelial cancer of the upper urinary tract (6%). Mean patient age was 65.7 years, with a predominance of men (n = 15). The majority of cases were diagnosed in clinically advanced stages.
Conclusion: In our experience, the role of telemedicine was limited, regarding the opportune diagnosis of genitourinary cancer, given that the majority of cases analyzed were diagnosed in advanced stages.