bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pattern Recognition for Ultraviolet and Fourier Transform Data: A Walkthrough of Techniques and Direction
Authors: Hasbi N H , Bade A , Chee F P 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Pattern recognition has been a thriving field of research in many applications, particularly spectral data classification requiring vast, complex, and high-dimensional data. It aims to extract patterns from data and distinguish the acquired data in order to create a new type of description and pattern. This study walks over pattern identification algorithms for spectral data, namely Ultraviolet (UV) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) especially within the past five years. In addition, this article will address the present trend analysis, obstacles, and future methods for the pattern identification field of research, with a specific emphasis on UV and FTIR spectroscopic data.
Geoelectrical subsurface characterization: A case study of saltwater intrusion in Kudat, Sabah
Authors: Ismail Fatin Nabilahuda , Musta Baba , Saleh Hardianshah , Yahya Farashazillah 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Saltwater intrusion is one of the primary sources of groundwater contamination, especially near the coastal line, and it is crucial to monitor saltwater intrusion to protect fresh groundwater. Due to the proximity of the coastal line, the area within Kudat Peninsula that was formed by the ophiolite basement, Kudat Formation Chert-Spilite Formation, and alluvium deposit is susceptible to saltwater intrusion. In this study, two survey lines of geoelectrical resistivity and induced polarization imaging survey with a total length of 200 m were carried out. The Wenner configuration was used to characterize the subsurface of the Kudat Peninsula. The interpolation between geoelectrical resistivity and chargeability profiles provided better interpretations of the subsurface environment. The saltwater intrusion zone displays a resistivity value between 0 – 5.0 Ωm and a chargeability value between 0 – 3.0 ms. The results showed that saltwater intrusion was detected at depths as shallow as 1.25 m to 36.90 m and intruded as far as 218.00 m into the mainland, from the coastline.
Process Simulation of Steam Stripping of Bleached Palm Oil Deodorization for Removing Free Fatty Acids using DWSIM
Authors: Bahrun M H V , Battak N , Tan W-H , Bono A 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The presence of free fatty acids (FFAs) and odoriferous components in the bleached palm oil (BPO) need to be removed to meet the specific standard quality and make the oil palatable. Because FFAs and odoriferous components is more volatile than the main oil components, they vaporize readily thus being removed from the oil product. Deodorization is the key process in industry to remove FFAs by vaporizing them using steam stripping agent such as steam under vacuum. In this work, a simulation study was adopted for the analysis of deodorization process implemented in an open-source chemical process simulator software, DWSIM. The deodorization section was modelled using absorber column unit operation in the software. The process conditions and BPO compositions fed into the deodorizer were taken from literature. The simulation showed much decrease in the FFAs content below the maximum value as standardized by the authorized association. The deodorization of BPO was analyzed by studying the column profiles such as the individual TGs, FFAs and water interstage flows in vapour and liquid phases, and the total component interstage flow for vapour and liquid phases’ profiles. From the simulation study under defined process conditions, the percentage removal of FFAs from the BPO was >99.99%.
Exploring clusters of rare events using unsupervised random forests
Authors: Omar Z A , Chin S N , Hashim S R M , Hamzah N 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Given highly imbalanced data, most learning algorithms face the challenge of accurately predicting rare events, while such cases are the ones that carry importance and useful knowledge. In a binary class label dataset, the rare events are the ones in the minority class. This study used a stroke dataset with a binary class label and the class imbalance ratio was 54:1. In addition to that, the dataset contained missing values and mixed data types. To identify the intrinsic structures in the minority class (the stroke group), Random Forest Clustering was used to produce the proximity matrix and fed to Partition around Medoid (PAM) clustering method to identify the optimal number of clusters. The proximity plot seems to show there could be cluster tendency as Hopkins’s statistics test value was H = 0.8735 and k=2 was identified to be the optimal number of clusters. Based on the internal cluster validation, however, the silhouette coefficient width was small (0.1), indicating that many of the data objects were within the other boundary of the other class. We have suggested a further investigation plan in this paper for the next action.
Growth of Titania Nanoparticles Assists Self-Cleaning Features of Glass
Authors: Thomas N F , Awang A 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Self-cleaning glasses became demanding for various advanced applications due to their manifold advantages. In this view, tellurite glasses containing titania nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) with varying concentration were synthesized using standard melt-quenching. The TEM images of the glasses showed the presence of elongated TiO2 NPs with lattice spacing of 3.78 Å. TiO2 NPs are found to grow further in the longitudinal and transverse axes ranging from 7-23 nm and 5-10 nm for TZETi glass and from 8-27 nm and 6-14 nm for TZETi-HT345 glass. The observed reduction in the water contact angle from 67.5° to 34.7° of the glasses indicated their hydrophilic nature. Growth of TiO2 NPs induced by the heat treatment process reduces the water contact angle due to water droplets that tends to form a film and reduces water contact angle which in turn facilitates the removal of dirt on the glass surface. It was demonstrated that by adjusting the shape and size of TiO2 NPs tailored the hydrophilic traits of the glasses.
Changes in the sweet pepper fruits quality indicators during storage taking into account agricultural cultivation technology
Authors: Kalmykova E V , Kalmykova O V 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Vegetable growing in open ground is a demanded branch of plant growing in the southern zone of the Russian Federation. The choice of safe growing technologies and irrigation systems, as well as the selection of the vegetable crops most productive and adaptive varieties and hybrids plays an important role in stabilizing yields. The aim of the research was to substantiate scientifically agrotechnical methods for increasing the sweet pepper fruits productivity and quality when stored in the south of the Russian Federation conditions. Studies showed that an improvement in nutrition against the background of sufficient moisture supply for vegetable plants in the root layer, especially during the period of fruit formation. entailed a proportional increase in yield from 90 and more t/ha of marketable products. At the same time. the largest increase was noted on the Pompeo F1 hybrid: on the variant, subject to the elements of agricultural technology, for obtaining 50 t/ha - 33.5 t/ha, for obtaining 90 t/ha - 21.4 t/ha. The amount of biochemical substances in sweet pepper fruits was closely dependent on its variety and hybrid, irrigation regime, ripening degree and storage duration. On the fifth day of storage, the quality of fruits of the ripening biological degree decreased on average on varieties by 23.6-27.7%, the ripening technical degree is 1.1-1.2 times higher. When stored for twenty days, there was a deterioration in the market condition due to the fruit wilting and the decrease in quality indicators. In the Pompeo F1 hybrid. regardless of the fruit ripening degree and the applied irrigation regime, a higher content of dry matter, the amount of sugars. ascorbic acid and a lower content of nitrates were noted.
Analysis of wide diffuse halo formation in the x-ray diffraction spectrum during the reduction of Fe2O3 by waste-activated sludge (WAS)
Authors: Serrano Nava Manuel Eduardo , Hernández Morelos Jorge Luis , Reséndiz González Mary Cruz , Guardian Tapia Rene , Vlasova Marina , Márquez Aguilar Pedro Antonio 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A simulation of the diffuse experimental x-ray halo obtained when waste-activated sludge (WAS) was used as the Fe2O3 reducing agent made it possible to explain the large width of the experimental halo and the change in its shape as a result of the change in the amorphous phase content. The halo consists of different sets of amorphous phase convolutions. The synthesized product was a composite consisting of amorphous iron with inclusions of amorphous oxides of aluminum and silicon, amorphous carbon, and amorphous Si, Al, and C alloys on the surface of the Fe particles. The shift in the halo makes it possible to qualitatively estimate the contributions of oxide and carbon components or alloys to the halo of amorphous iron.
Petri net transition times as training features for multiclass models to support the detection of neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Tobar Cristian , Rengifo Carlos , Muñoz Mariela 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper proposes the transition times of Petri net models of human gait as training features for multiclass random forests (RFs) and classification trees (CTs). These models are designed to support screening for neurodegenerative diseases. The proposed Petri net describes gait in terms of nine cyclic phases and the timing of the nine events that mark the transition between phases. Since the transition times between strides vary, each is represented as a random variable characterized by its mean and standard deviation. These transition times are calculated using the PhysioNet database of vertical ground reaction forces (VGRFs) generated by feet-ground contact. This database comprises the VGRFs of four groups: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, the control group, Huntington's disease, and Parkinson disease. The RF produced an overall classification accuracy of 91%, and the specificities and sensitivities for each class were between 80% and 100%. However, despite this high performance, the RF-generated models demonstrated lack of interpretability prompted the training of a CT using identical features. The obtained tree comprised only four features and required a maximum of three comparisons. However, this simplification dramatically reduced the overall accuracy from 90.6% to 62.3%. The proposed set features were compared with those included in PhysioNet database of VGRFs. In terms of both the RF and CT, more accurate models were established using our features than those of the PhysioNet.
Poststructuralism: A Very Short Introduction
Authors: Belsey Catherine 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Poststructuralism challenges traditional ways of thinking about the relations between human beings, culture, and the world. Language and meaning are reappraised, and with them assumptions about what it is possible for us to know. Poststructuralism resists certainties and offers ways to consider our place in the world that compete with conventional explanations. In this Very Short Introduction, Catherine Belsey examines key figures such as Roland Barthes, Jacques Derrida, Michel Foucault, Julia Kristeva, Gilles Deleuze, and Sarah Kofman, drawing examples from sources as diverse as M. C. Escher, politics, Shakespeare, climate change, love, primatology, and pandemics.
Does Vitamin D Provide Added Benefit to Antihypertensive Therapy in Reducing Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Determined by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance?
Authors: Levy Phillip D , Twiner Michael J , Brody Aaron M , Dawood Rachelle , Reed Brian , Mango LynnMarie , Gowland Laura , Grandits Greg , Svendsen Kenneth , Haacke Ewart Mark , Li Tao , Zhang Liying , McNaughton Candace D , Flack John M 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and vitamin D deficiency have been linked to hypertension (HTN) and cardiovascular disease, particularly in African Americans (AAs). Our objective was to determine if the addition of vitamin D to antihypertensive therapy would lead to greater regression of LV mass index (LVMI) as determined by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) after 1 year in vitamin D deficient AA patients with uncontrolled HTN and LVH.

METHODS
This study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-center study. AA patients with HTN (systolic blood pressure [BP] &gt;160 mm Hg), increased LVMI, and vitamin D deficiency (&lt;20 ng/ml) were randomized. All patients received antihypertensive therapy combined with biweekly 50,000 IU vitamin D3 (vitamin D group, n = 55) or placebo (placebo group, n = 58).

RESULTS
At 1 year, there were no statistical differences between the vitamin D and placebo groups in LVMI (−14.1 ± 14.6 vs. −16.9 ± 13.1 g/m2; P = 0.34) or systolic BP (−25.6 ± 32.1 vs. −25.7 ± 25.6 mm Hg; P = 0.99) reduction, respectively. Serum vitamin D levels increased significantly in the vitamin D group compared with placebo (12.7 ± 2.0 vs. 1.8 ± 8.2 ng/ml; P &lt; 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
In this high-risk cohort of AAs we did not find an association between vitamin D supplementation and differential regression of LVMI or reduction in systolic BP. However, our study suffered from a small sample size with low statistical power precluding a definitive conclusion on the therapeutic benefit of vitamin D in such patients.

CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION
Trial Number NCT01360476. Full trial protocol is available from corresponding author.
China’s emerging data protection framework
Authors: Creemers Rogier 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Over the past 5 years, the People’s Republic of China has accelerated efforts to establish a legal architecture for data protection. With the promulgation of the Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL) and the Data Security Law (DSL) in the summer of 2021, the first phase of these efforts have been concluded. These will have a significant impact on data flows within China, but also merit foreign attention. They provide a new approach to data protection to be subjected to comparative analysis, and may influence the development of data protection legislation in other states, particularly those with close digital connections to China. Doing so requires a greater understanding of how this legislation is shaped by the Chinese political and economic context. Drawing on a thorough review of government documents, supplemented by Chinese-language academic sources, this article reviews the evolution of the two pillars of China’s data protection architecture, from the early stage of fragmentation via the promulgation of the Cybersecurity Law in 2016, up to the present day. It finds that the PIPL and its attendant regulations serve to primarily regulate the relationship between large technology companies and consumers, as well as prevent cyber crime. It does not create meaningful constraints on data collection and use by the state. Even so, the PIPL bears a clear family resemblance to personal data protection regimes elsewhere in the world. In contrast, the DSL is a considerable innovation, attempting to prevent harm to national security and the public interest inflicted through data-enabled means. While implementing structures for this Law remain under construction, it will likely herald a thorough reorganization of the way through which data is collected, stored, and managed within all kinds of Chinese actors.
Angiographic outcome in patients treated with deferred stenting after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction—results from DANAMI-3-DEFER
Authors: Nepper-Christensen Lars , Kelbæk Henning , Ahtarovski Kiril A , Høfsten Dan E , Holmvang Lene , Pedersen Frants , Tilsted Hans-Henrik , Aarøe Jens , Jensen Svend E , Raungaard Bent , Terkelsen Christian J , Køber Lars , Engstrøm Thomas , Lønborg Jacob 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Aims
Stent implantation during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) occasionally results in flow disturbances and distal embolization, which may cause adverse clinical outcomes. Deferred stent implantation seems to reduce the impairment on myocardial function, although the mechanisms have not been clarified. We sought to evaluate whether deferred stenting could reduce flow disturbance in patients treated with primary PCI.

Methods and results
Patients with STEMI included in the DANAMI-3-DEFER trial were randomized to deferred versus immediate stent implantation. The primary and secondary outcomes of this substudy were the incidences of slow/no reflow and distal embolization. A total of 1205 patients were included. Deferred stenting (n = 594) resulted in lower incidences of distal embolization [odds ratio (OR) 0.67, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.46–0.98, P = 0.040] and slow/no reflow (OR 0.60, 95%CI 0.37–0.97, P = 0.039). In high-risk subgroups, the protective effect was greatest in patients &gt;65 years of age (slow/no reflow: OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.17–0.72, P = 0.004 and distal embolization: OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.18–0.63, P = 0.001), in patients presenting with occluded culprit artery at admission (slow/no reflow: OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.16–0.65, P = 0.001 and distal embolization: OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.31–0.96, P = 0.036) and in patients with thrombus grade &gt;3 (slow/no reflow: OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.20–0.67, P = 0.001 and distal embolization: OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.24–0.64, P &lt; 0.001) with a significant P for interaction for all.

Conclusion
Deferred stent implantation reduces the incidences of slow/no reflow and distal embolization, especially in older patients and in those with total coronary occlusion or high level of thrombus burden.
Obesity and cardiovascular disease: mechanistic insights and management strategies. A joint position paper by the World Heart Federation and World Obesity Federation
Authors: Lopez-Jimenez Francisco , Almahmeed Wael , Bays Harold , Cuevas Ada , Di Angelantonio Emanuele , le Roux Carel W , Sattar Naveed , Sun Marie Chan , Wittert Gary , Pinto Fausto J , Wilding John P H 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The ongoing obesity epidemic represents a global public health crisis that contributes to poor health outcomes, reduced quality of life, and &gt;2.8 million deaths each year. Obesity is relapsing, progressive, and heterogeneous. It is considered a chronic disease by the World Obesity Federation (WOF) and a chronic condition by the World Heart Federation (WHF). People living with overweight/obesity are at greater risk for cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. Increased adiposity (body fat), particularly visceral/abdominal fat, is linked to CV risk and CV disease (CVD) via multiple direct and indirect pathophysiological mechanisms. The development of CVD is driven, in part, by obesity-related metabolic, endocrinologic, immunologic, structural, humoral, haemodynamic, and functional alterations. The complex multifaceted nature of these mechanisms can be challenging to understand and address in clinical practice. People living with obesity and CVD often have concurrent chronic physical or psychological disorders (multimorbidity) requiring multidisciplinary care pathways and polypharmacy. Evidence indicates that intentional weight loss (particularly when substantial) lowers CVD risk among people with overweight/obesity. Long-term weight loss and maintenance require ongoing commitment from both the individual and those responsible for their care. This position paper, developed by the WOF and the WHF, aims to improve understanding of the direct and indirect links between overweight/obesity and CVD, the key controversies in this area and evidence relating to cardiometabolic outcomes with available weight management options. Finally, an action plan for clinicians provides recommendations to help in identifying and addressing the risks of obesity-related CVD (recognizing resource and support variances between countries).
Wavefront directionality and decremental stimuli synergistically improve identification of ventricular tachycardia substrate: insights from personalized computational heart models
Authors: Sung Eric , Prakosa Adityo , Kyranakis Stephen , Berger Ronald D , Chrispin Jonathan , Trayanova Natalia A 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimsMultiple wavefront pacing (MWP) and decremental pacing (DP) are two electroanatomic mapping (EAM) strategies that have emerged to better characterize the ventricular tachycardia (VT) substrate. The aim of this study was to assess how well MWP, DP, and their combination improve identification of electrophysiological abnormalities on EAM that reflect infarct remodelling and critical VT sites.Methods and resultsForty-eight personalized computational heart models were reconstructed using images from post-infarct patients undergoing VT ablation. Paced rhythms were simulated by delivering an initial (S1) and an extra-stimulus (S2) from one of 100 locations throughout each heart model. For each pacing, unipolar signals were computed along the myocardial surface to simulate substrate EAM. Six EAM features were extracted and compared with the infarct remodelling and critical VT sites. Concordance of S1 EAM features between different maps was lower in hearts with smaller amounts of remodelling. Incorporating S1 EAM features from multiple maps greatly improved the detection of remodelling, especially in hearts with less remodelling. Adding S2 EAM features from multiple maps decreased the number of maps required to achieve the same detection accuracy. S1 EAM features from multiple maps poorly identified critical VT sites. However, combining S1 and S2 EAM features from multiple maps paced near VT circuits greatly improved identification of critical VT sites.ConclusionElectroanatomic mapping with MWP is more advantageous for characterization of substrate in hearts with less remodelling. During substrate EAM, MWP and DP should be combined and delivered from locations proximal to a suspected VT circuit to optimize identification of the critical VT site.
Associations of ultra-processed food consumption with cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: UK Biobank
Authors: Chen Xuanli , Chu Jiadong , Hu Wei , Sun Na , He Qida , Liu Siyuan , Feng Zhaolong , Li Tongxing , Han Qiang , Shen Yueping 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to investigate the associations between ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and the risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in the UK Biobank Cohort.

Methods
This observational prospective study evaluated 60 298 participants aged 40 years or older. We used the NOVA classification system to identify and categorize UPF. The associations among UPF consumption, cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and all-cause mortality were estimated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. Dose–response analysis of UPF consumption and CVD incidence and mortality was performed using a restricted cubic spline.

Results
After a median follow-up of 10.9 years, 6048 participants (10.0%) experienced CVD events, and 5327 (8.8%) and 1503 (2.5%) experienced coronary heart and cerebrovascular diseases, respectively. There were 2590 (4.3%) deaths, of which 384 (0.6%) deaths were caused by CVD. A higher intake of UPF was associated with a higher risk of CVD and all-cause mortality (all P &lt; 0.001). A higher intake of UPF was associated with a higher risk of CVD [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.09–1.26], coronary heart disease (HR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.07–1.25), cerebrovascular disease (HR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.13–1.50) and all-cause mortality (HR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.09–1.36). The association of UPF consumption with a range of CVD incidents and all-cause mortality was monotonic (all P for non-linearity &gt; 0.30).

Conclusions
A higher proportion of UPF consumption was associated with CVD and all-cause mortality. Thus, actions to limit UPF consumption should be incorporated into the CVD and all-cause mortality prevention recommendations.