bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tierärztliches Meinungsbild zur Equinen Lyme-Borreliose – Ergebnisse einer Fragebogenstudie
Authors: Gehlen Heidrun , Inerle Katharina Sophie , Briese Beatrice 
Published: November 2022

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Erfassung des tierärztlichen Meinungsbildes zur Equinen Lyme-Borreliose
Material und Methoden Durch eine Befragung wurde untersucht, wie Pferdetierärzte die Bedeutung positiver serologischer Nachweise gegen Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb-AK) und einer klinisch manifesten Lyme-Borreliose (LB) einschätzten sowie letztere diagnostizieren und therapieren.
Ergebnisse Der Fragebogen wurde von 73 Tierärzten (TÄ) ausgefüllt. 48 % der TÄ erhoben nur sehr selten bis gar keine serologischen Bb-AK-Nachweise bei Pferden in ihrer Praxis, 47 % stellten gelegentlich Bb-AK fest und nur 5 % fanden häufig Bb-AK-Nachweise. 51 % der TÄ bestätigen, dass sie bereits klinisch-manifeste LB-Erkrankungen festgestellt hätten, während 43 % die Existenz dieser Erkrankung zwar nicht ausschlossen, aber selber keine Equine Lyme-Borreliose Fälle gesehen haben. 6 % der TÄ zweifeln die Existenz einer klinischen LB beim Pferd generell an.Im Durchschnitt wurden 159-mal im Jahr weiterführende diagnostische Maßnahmen im Hinblick auf eine LB eingeleitet, und es wurden 1,4 ± 1,0 Fälle von equiner LB im Jahr diagnostiziert. Als Untersuchungsmethoden zur Abklärung von Borreliose-Verdachtsfällen verwendeten 68 % der TÄ den „indirekten Erregernachweis“, 27 % sowohl den direkten als auch den indirekten Erregernachweis und 5 % verwendeten ausschließlich den direkten Erregernachweis. Bei letzterem wurden am häufigsten Blut und Hautstanzen als Probenmaterial eingesandt.Die Behandlung von Pferden mit auf eine Borrelioseerkrankung hinweisenden Laborergebnissen und als passend bewerteter, klinischer Symptomatik erfolgte durch 93 % der Tierärzte mit Antibiotika und 7 % mit Homöopathie. Am häufigsten wurde Doxycyclin (68 %) eingesetzt. Dabei erfolgte die antibiotische Behandlung über einen Zeitraum von 3 (31 %) bis 4 (63 %) Wochen.In Bezug auf eine mögliche Impfung der Pferde gegen Borreliose boten 39 % der Tierärzte diese Impfung nicht an, bei 20 % wurde sie noch nicht eingesetzt, aber auch nicht kategorisch abgelehnt und 41 % führten regelmäßig Borreliose-Impfungen durch.
Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz Das Meinungsbild von praktizierenden Pferdetierärztinnen und Pferdetierärzten in Deutschland zur klinischen Relevanz der equinen LB ist sehr heterogen. Einheitliche Richtlinien hinsichtlich Diagnostik- und evtl. auch Therapieempfehlungen wären sinnvoll, um der Unsicherheit in der Tierärzteschaft entgegenzuwirken.
Unterschiede in der Zufriedenheit verschiedener Lebensbereiche
zwischen Ost- und Westdeutschen in den Jahren 1991, 2006 und
2020
Authors: Kasinger Christoph , Tibubos Ana N. , Brähler Elmar , Herschbach Peter , Henrich Gerhard , Krakau Lina 
Published: November 2022

Zusammenfassung
Fragestellung Wie entwickelte sich die allgemeine und bereichsspezifische
Lebenszufriedenheit in Ost- und Westdeutschland zwischen 1991 und 2020?
Methode Auf Basis dreier repräsentativer Befragungen aus den Jahren
1991, 2006 und 2020 wurde die Lebenszufriedenheit in Ost- und
Westdeutschland durch Mittelwertsvergleiche und Signifikanztestungen
untersucht. Der Einfluss soziodemografischer Variablen wurde mittels
univariater Varianzanalyse berechnet.
Ergebnisse 1991 bestanden große Unterschiede in der allgemeinen
Lebenszufriedenheit und den Bereichen Wohnen, Freizeit, Gesundheit, Finanzen
und Beruf. Dabei berichteten Befragte in Ostdeutschland deutlich geringere
Werte. Diese Differenzen glichen sich über den Erhebungszeitraum
deutlich an.
Fazit Die allgemeine und bereichsspezifische Lebenszufriedenheit in Ost- und
Westdeutschland glichen sich über den Untersuchungszeitraum an. Die
verbesserten Lebensbedingungen in Ostdeutschland könnten dabei eine
entscheidende Rolle spielen.
Prophylaxe der kaninen Parvovirose
Authors: Bergmann Michèle , Freisl Monika , Hartmann Katrin 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungObwohl Impfstoffe gegen das canine Parvovirus (CPV) weltweit eingesetzt werden, tritt die Parvovirose vor allem bei jungen Hunden nach wie vor vergleichsweise häufig auf. Der vorliegende Übersichtsartikel konzentriert sich auf die Ursachen für ein Impfversagen. Hierfür kommen unterschiedlichste Faktoren in Betracht, die den Hund selbst oder seine Umwelt betreffen. So gibt es genetisch bedingt Hunde, die keine Antikörper (Non-Responder) oder nur sehr niedrige Konzentrationen an Antikörpern (Low-Responder) nach einer CPV-Impfung ausbilden. Der Impferfolg kann auch durch andere intrinsische Faktoren (z. B. Gewicht, Alter, Reproduktions- und Ernährungsstatus, Krankheiten) und/oder extrinsische Faktoren (z. B. Stress, Belastung, Medikamente) beeinträchtigt werden. Neben Ursachen, die den individuellen Hund betreffen, kann ein Impfversagen auch durch eine reduzierte immunisierende Eigenschaft des Impfstoffs bedingt sein; hierfür kommt eine Vielzahl verschiedener Faktoren in Betracht (z. B. Herstellung, Lagerung, Applikation).
Klinisch-pathologische Befunde, postoperative Überlebenszeiten und prognostische Faktoren bei Hunden mit primären Lungenkarzinomen
Authors: Plavec Tanja , Žagar Žiga , Kessler Martin 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungEinleitung Primäre Karzinome der Lunge (PLK) beim Hund sind selten, ihre Behandlung erfolgt chirurgisch. Ziel dieser Studie war die Untersuchung klinisch-pathologischer Befunde, postoperativer medianer Überlebenszeiten (mÜZ) und prognostischer Faktoren.Material und Methoden Retrospektive Auswertung von 61 Hunden mit 62 PLK, die zwischen 2007 und 2017 chirurgisch behandelt wurden. Die statistische Auswertung erfolgte mittels Kaplan-Meier und Logrank Methoden.Ergebnisse Von 62 PLKs lagen 35 (56 %) peripher im Lungenlappen, 21 (34 %) hilusnah und 6 (10 %) betrafen den gesamten Lungenlappen. In 49 Fällen lagen differenzierte Adenokarzinome vor; niedrig differenzierte bzw. anaplastische Karzinome (n = 10) und Plattenepithelkarzinome (n = 2) waren deutlich seltener. Eine Prädisposition für bestimmte Lungenlappen war nicht nachzuweisen. Dreizehn (21 %) Patienten zeigten keine und 10 (16 %) nur unspezifische, nicht auf den Respirationstrakt hinweisende Symptome. Insgesamt zeigten 48 (79 %) Hunde klinische Symptome wie Husten, Dyspnoe, Lethargie, Gewichtsverlust, Leistungsschwäche, Erbrechen und/oder Fieber. Die tracheobronchialen Lymphknoten (TBLN) waren in 9 von 51 untersuchten Fällen histologisch positiv für Metastasierung (N1) und negativ (N0) in 42 Fällen (nicht untersucht n = 10). Daten zum Langzeitverlauf waren für 50 Patienten verfügbar. Prognostisch relevante Variablen waren Lymphknotenmetastasierung in die TBLN (mÜZ: N1 41 Tage, N0 570 Tage; p < 0,01), Lungenmetastasen (mÜZ: M1 125 Tage, M0 630 Tage; p < 0,01), histologischer Subtyp (mÜZ: differenzierte Karzinome 620 Tage; andere Karzinome 135 Tage; p < 0,01), Tumordurchmesser größer als 3 cm (mÜZ < 3 cm 1155 Tage, ≥ 3 cm 330 Tage; p = 0,02) und Tumorlokalisation (mÜZ: hilusnah 330 Tage, peripher 650 Tage; p = 0,04).Schlussfolgerung Beim PLK sind TBLN Status, Organmetastasen, Tumorlokalisation, histologischer Subtyp und Tumorgröße prognostisch relevante Kriterien. Hunde ohne prognostisch negative Faktoren können lange Überlebenszeiten aufweisen. In mehr als einem Drittel der Fälle bleiben die Tumoren asymptomatisch (21 %) bzw. ohne respirationstraktspezifische (16 %) Symptome.
Partial Splenic Artery Embolization to Treat Portal Hypertension
Authors: Srinivas Shanmukha , Yeluru Akhilesh , Berman Zachary T. , Redmond Jonas , Minocha Jeet 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPortal hypertension (PH) commonly occurs in the setting of underlying liver disease and can precipitate variceal bleeding and ascites among other complications. Traditionally, PH is managed with medication or lifestyle changes with refractory cases treated with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts or splenectomy. Partial splenic artery embolization (PSE) is an alternative treatment which may reduce PH by decreasing splenic vein inflow into the portal vein. In this article, we review the efficacy of PSE and present illustrative cases with a focus on technical and clinical considerations for embolization. We queried the PubMed database from August 1976 to September 2021 for clinical studies of PSE for the treatment of portal hypertension. For each article, the author, year, title, study design, number of patients, age, sex, liver function, technical considerations, adverse effects, and outcomes were recorded. We also review two successful and unsuccessful cases from our institution. A total of 12 studies were identified with 258 patients undergoing 290 PSE treatments. The mean age of patients was 44.1 years (range: 6–77). Most patients had well-compensated liver disease (Child–Pugh (CP) A; 35.1%) or significant functional compromise (CP-B; 44.4%), but a few had decompensated disease (CP-C; 8.9%). The majority (91.7%) of procedures were performed distally within the splenic artery, and on average, 59.5% (20–100) of the spleen underwent infarction. Common complications included symptoms of postembolization syndrome such as abdominal pain (58.5%) and fever (53.2%) as well as atelectasis (9.0%). Five PSE procedures (1.7%) resulted in death secondary to pleuropneumonia, splenic abscess, sepsis, intracranial hemorrhage, and pulmonary embolism, respectively. PSE is an effective but often underutilized treatment for PH. These benefits have risk for minor complications including postembolization syndrome and major complications such as splenic abscess formation. This article will introduce the reader to important technical and clinical considerations regarding PSE.
Endovascular Infusion of Amphotericin B for the Treatment of Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis: A Pilot Study Assessing Technical Feasibility and Safety
Authors: Kumar Subhash , Bhavana Kranti , Kumar Vijay , Kumar Amarjeet , Mahto Mala 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the technical feasibility and safety of intra-arterial infusion of amphotericin B for the management of rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis in patients unable to receive full dose and schedule of intravenous amphotericin B and/or unsuitable for surgery.
Materials and Methods Five consecutive patients underwent five sessions of intra-arterial infusion each via both external carotid arteries on alternate days. Liposomal amphotericin B (50 mg) was infused at each session. The baseline and follow-up investigations as well as local and systemic complications were charted.
Results Procedure could be completed for all participants without any local complications. One patient had transient and another had progressive deterioration in renal parameters during the follow-up period of 30 days.
Conclusions Authors conducted successfully a pilot study of multisession intra-arterial infusion of amphotericin B, with the premise that it can provide high concentration of drug at the desired site with reduced systemic complications. They recommend further larger randomized studies to evaluate its efficacy for the management of advanced rhino-oculo-cerebral mucormycosis.
Outcome of Resected Lung Cancers with Subcentimeter Solid Component on Computed Tomography
Authors: Kawaguchi Takeshi , Yoshikawa Daiki , Nakai Tokiko , Ohbayashi Chiho , Sawabata Noriyoshi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background Although the opportunity to treat subcentimeter lung cancers has increased, the optimal surgical methods remain unclear. We performed a retrospective study to examine the clinical outcome of subcentimeter lung cancers.
Patients and Methods In total, 118 patients who underwent curative resection for subcentimeter lung cancer from January 2005 to December 2013 were analyzed. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate the hazard ratio to identify independent predictors of recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS).
Results Anatomical resections were performed for 64 patients (59 lobectomies and 5 segmentectomies) and wedge resections for 54 patients. Recurrence developed in six patients who had consolidation-predominant tumors (consolidation/tumor [C/T] ratio of >0.5) and underwent wedge resections. The first recurrence patterns were regional recurrences in three patients, both regional and distant in one, and distant in two. Seventeen patients died of other causes. The multivariate analysis revealed that the C/T ratio was the independent predictor of RFS (p = 0.008) and OS (p = 0.011).
Conclusion Patients with subcentimeter lung cancer rarely developed recurrence. The C/T ratio was the independent prognostic factor, and all relapsed patients received wedge resections. Even for subcentimeter lung cancers, we should select the extent of pulmonary resection after thoroughly considering whether wedge resection (less invasiveness) is a reasonable alternative to anatomical resection (superior oncologic efficacy) considering the C/T ratio of the lesion.
Calcific Aortic Valve Stenosis with Aging and Current Development in its Pathophysiology
Authors: Kodra Arber , Kim Michael 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAortic stenosis is the most common valvular heart disease affecting the elderly. While most patients have a prolonged asymptomatic phase, the development of symptoms ushers in a phase clinical deterioration that often leads to sudden death without an intervention. Treatment of aortic stenosis with valve replacement often relieves the symptoms but still leaves behind a remodeled left ventricle which may not recover. Understanding the pathophysiology of aortic stenosis and realizing that the disease process may be a more active biological entity rather than a passive degenerative process will help us prevent it. This review serves to summarize the latest literature on the pathophysiology of aortic stenosis in the elderly.
Oxidized metal Schottky contact with high-κ dielectric field plate for low-loss high-power vertical β-Ga2O3 Schottky diodes
Authors: Farzana Esmat , Bhattacharyya Arkka , Hendricks Nolan S. , Itoh Takeki , Krishnamoorthy Sriram , Speck James S. 
Published: November 2022

We report on vertical β-Ga2O3 power diodes with oxidized-metal Schottky contact (PtOx) and high permittivity (high-κ) dielectric (ZrO2) field plate to improve reverse blocking at both Schottky contact surfaces and edges. The PtOx diodes showed excellent forward transport with near unity ideality factor and similar minimum specific on-resistance as Pt. Moreover, the PtOx contacts facilitated higher breakdown voltage and lower leakage current due to their higher Schottky barrier height (SBH) by more than 0.5 eV compared to that of Pt. Most importantly, the reduced off-state leakage of PtOx diodes enabled orders of magnitude less power dissipation than Pt ones for all duty cycles ≤0.5, indicating their great potential to realize low-loss and efficient, high-power β-Ga2O3 switches. The ZrO2 field-oxide further reduced edge leakage with a consistent increase in breakdown voltage. Device simulation demonstrated that the high permittivity of ZrO2 also led to the peak electric field occurring in β-Ga2O3 instead of the dielectric. These results indicate that the combined integration of oxidized-metal contacts to increase SBH and high-κ dielectric field plate to assist edge termination can be promising to enhance the performance of vertical β-Ga2O3 Schottky diodes.
DMP8 and 9 regulate HAP2/GCS1 trafficking for the timely acquisition of sperm fusion competence
Authors: Wang Wei , Xiong Hanxian , Cyprys Philipp , Malka Raphael , Flores-Tornero María , Zhao Peng , Peng Xiongbo , Sprunck Stefanie , Sun Meng-Xiang 
Published: November 2022

Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of two gametes of opposite sex. Although the sperm-expressed fusogen HAPLESS 2 (HAP2) or GENERATIVE CELL SPECIFIC 1 (GCS1) plays a vital role in this process in many eukaryotic organisms and an understanding of its regulation is emerging in unicellular systems [J. Zhang
et al.
,
Nat. Commun.
12, 4380 (2021); J. F. Pinello
et al. Dev. Cell
56, 3380–3392.e9 (2021)], neither HAP2/GCS1 interactors nor mechanisms for delivery and activation at the fusion site are known in multicellular plants. Here, we show that
Arabidopsis thaliana
HAP2/GCS1 interacts with two sperm DUF679 membrane proteins (DMP8 and DMP9), which are required for the EGG CELL 1 (EC1)-induced translocation of HAP2/GCS1 from internal storage vesicle to the sperm plasma membrane to ensure successful fertilization. Our studies in
Arabidopsis
and tobacco provide evidence for a conserved function of DMP8/9-like proteins as HAP2/GCS1 partner in seed plants. Our data suggest that seed plants evolved a DMP8/9-dependent fusogen translocation process to achieve timely acquisition of sperm fusion competence in response to egg cell–derived signals, revealing a previously unknown critical step for successful fertilization.
A comprehensive analysis of piezoelectric energy harvesting from bridge vibrations
Authors: Zhang Zhiwei , Xiang Hongjun , Tang Lihua , Yang Weiqing 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Piezoelectric energy harvesting from bridge vibrations has the potential to power wireless sensors used for bridge health monitoring. Often, it is necessary to store the harvested energy before it could be used to power the sensor intermittently. However, the behavior of the piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH) with nonlinear interface circuits for energy extraction and storage subject to realistic bridge vibrations has not been fully understood. This work performs a comprehensive analysis on the performance of the PEH subject to the measured railway bridge vibrations and compares the energy stored on a capacitor using four different interface circuits. Firstly, the dynamic characteristics of the railway bridge is analyzed. A cantilevered PEH is then designed and fabricated based on the dynamic characteristics of the bridge. Subsequently, four realistic energy extraction and storage interface circuits, namely, the standard energy harvesting (SEH), synchronized charge extraction (SCE), parallel synchronized switch harvesting on inductor (P-SSHI) and series SSHI (S-SSHI) circuits, are evaluated and compared when the PEH subject to the measured bridge vibrations. The influence of the storage capacitance and the 1st short-circuit natural frequency of the PEH on the stored energy with these four circuits is then discussed. An optimal storage capacitance exists in the systems based on SEH, P-SSHI and S-SSHI circuits. The system based on P-SSHI circuit has the highest efficiency on energy storage. This work provides a technical framework to develop the realistic energy harvesting and storage system for realization of self-powered bridge condition monitoring.
A rapid high throughput bioprinted colorectal cancer spheroid platform for in vitro drug- and radiation-response
Authors: Johnson Peter A , Menegatti Sara , Chambers Adam C , Alibhai Dominic , Collard Tracey J , Williams Ann C , Bayley Hagan , Perriman Adam W 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We describe the development of a high-throughput bioprinted colorectal cancer (CRC) spheroid platform with high levels of automation, information content, and low cell number requirement. This is achieved via the formulation of a hydrogel bioink with a compressive Young’s modulus that is commensurate with that of colonic tissue (1–3 kPa), which supports exponential growth of spheroids from a wide range of CRC cell lines. The resulting spheroids display tight cell–cell junctions, bioink matrix-cell interactions and necrotic hypoxic cores. By combining high content light microscopy imaging and processing with rapid multiwell plate bioprinting, dose-response profiles are generated from CRC spheroids challenged with oxaliplatin (OX) and fluorouracil (5FU), as well as radiotherapy. Bioprinted CRC spheroids are shown to exhibit high levels of chemoresistance relative to cell monolayers, and OX was found to be significantly less effective against tumour spheroids than in monolayer culture, when compared to 5FU.
Comparison of in-situ versus ex-situ delivery of polyethylenimine-BMP-2 polyplexes for rat calvarial defect repair via intraoperative bioprinting
Authors: Moncal Kazim K , Yeo Miji , Celik Nazmiye , Acri Timothy M , Rizk Elias , Wee Hwabok , Lewis Gregory S , Salem Aliasger K , Ozbolat Ibrahim T 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Gene therapeutic applications combined with bio- and nano-materials have been used to address current shortcomings in bone tissue engineering due to their feasibility, safety and potential capability for clinical translation. Delivery of non-viral vectors can be altered using gene-activated matrices to improve their efficacy to repair bone defects. Ex-situ and in-situ delivery strategies are the most used methods for bone therapy, which have never been directly compared for their potency to repair critical-sized bone defects. In this regard, we first time explore the delivery of polyethylenimine (PEI) complexed plasmid DNA encoding bone morphogenetic protein-2 (PEI-pBMP-2) using the two delivery strategies, ex-situ and in-situ delivery. To realize these gene delivery strategies, we employed intraoperative bioprinting (IOB), enabling us to 3D bioprint bone tissue constructs directly into defect sites in a surgical setting. Here, we demonstrated IOB of an osteogenic bioink loaded with PEI-pBMP-2 for the in-situ delivery approach, and PEI-pBMP-2 transfected rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells laden bioink for the ex-situ delivery approach as alternative delivery strategies. We found that in-situ delivery of PEI-pBMP-2 significantly improved bone tissue formation compared to ex-situ delivery. Despite debates amongst individual advantages and disadvantages of ex-situ and in-situ delivery strategies, our results ruled in favor of the in-situ delivery strategy, which could be desirable to use for future clinical applications.
Design of electrical impedance spectroscopy sensing surgical drill using computational modelling and experimental validation
Authors: Devaraj Harshavardhan , K Murphy Ethan , J Halter Ryan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) sensing surgical instruments could provide valuable and real-time feedback to surgeons about hidden tissue boundaries, therefore reducing the risk of iatrogenic injuries. In this paper, we present an EIS sensing surgical drill as an example instrument and introduce a strategy to optimize the mono-polar electrode geometry using a finite element method (FEM)-based computational model and experimental validation. An empirical contact impedance model and an adaptive mesh refinement protocol were developed to accurately preserve the behaviour of sensing electrodes as they approach high impedance boundaries. Specifically, experiments with drill-bit, cylinder, and conical geometries suggested a 15%–35% increase in resistance as the sensing electrode approached a high impedance boundary. Simulations achieved a maximum mean experiment-to-simulation mismatch of +1.7% for the drill-bit and +/−11% range for other electrode geometries. The simulations preserved the increase in resistance behaviour near the high impedance boundary. This highly accurate simulation framework allows us a mechanism for optimizing sensor geometry without costly experimental evaluation.
The nature of nothing: exploring the quantum vacuum in microgravity
Authors: Thompson Rob 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper we discuss a number of investigations of the quantum vacuum that could potentially take advantage of a microgravity environment. Ultra-cold atoms are exquisite sensors of the electro-magnetic vacuum, and microgravity aids our ability to precisely position and control them in the vicinity of surfaces and cavity modes. Measurements of Casimir–Polder force, Anderson localization and the possibilities for confining atoms with vacuum forces are amongst the intriguing possibilities discussed.