bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Light‐dependent niche differentiation in two mixotrophic bacterivores
Authors: Fischer Robert , Kitzwögerer Julia , Ptacnik Robert 
Published: May 2022

SummaryMixotrophy usually is considered with respect to the advantages gained and the associated trade‐offs of this form of nutrition, compared to specialized competitors, strict photoautotrophs and heterotrophs. However, we currently have an incomplete understanding of the functional diversity of mixotrophs and the factors controlling niche differentiation in different mixotrophic species. Here we experimentally studied the light‐dependent niche differentiation in two chrysophyte species. We show that the newly isolated Ochromonas sp. is an obligate phototroph and possibly an obligate mixotroph. In contrast, Poterioochromonas malhamensis is a facultative mixotroph; photosynthesis and heterotrophy in this species represent substitutable routes of resource acquisition. We further hypothesize that the variable plasticity in the considered traits of the here tested species may result in different niche differentiation with regard to a vertical light gradient. Ochromonas sp. should perform better in stable stratified surface water layers, where light is available, but prey abundances might be low. However, P. malhamensis should be able to also successfully grow in deeper water layers, benefiting from higher bacterial production. This study represents a first step towards understanding competition between mixotrophs engaging in different physiological strategies, and consequently their potential co‐occurrence due to niche differentiation.
Parental and training coaches’ knowledge and attitude towards dental trauma management of children
Authors: Tian J , Lim JJJ , Moh FKC , Siddiqi A , Zachar J , Zafar S 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate parental and training coaches’ knowledge and attitude towards traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) among children.Material and MethodsA 31‐item questionnaire was distributed to the parents and training coaches attending local sporting clubs in Brisbane region, Australia. The questionnaire consisted of five parts (i) demographic and professional information; (ii) TDIs in the primary dentition; (iii) fractures and subluxation of permanent teeth (iv) avulsion of permanent teeth, and (v) information and knowledge related to the management of traumatized teeth. The jamovi (Version 1.6.3) and GraphPad Prism were used for data analysis.ResultsA total of 233 participants were surveyed, 211 parents and 22 coaches. Of all types of injuries, parental knowledge of managing avulsion to permanent teeth was poorest (9.5%), followed by management of injuries of primary teeth (17.5%) and management of fractures or subluxation of permanent teeth (29.4%). Parents in health care occupations had higher satisfaction on self‐knowledge in managing TDIs however there was no significant difference in knowledge levels between health care personnel and other professions (P = 0.128). There was a discrepancy between the lack of knowledge and willingness to further self‐educate with online platforms being the preferred medium.ConclusionThe study showed a gap in parents’ and training coaches’ knowledge regarding the management of TDIs among children.
If your ears are burning we must be talking about red ear syndrome: A brief report
Authors: Courtney Ashling , Holmes Zack , Weston Stephanie 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRed Ear Syndrome is an uncommon disorder that can affect all age groups. It is frequently referred to Dermatology as it can present similarly to erythromelalgia. Although the exact pathophysiology is unknown, a common hypothesis suggests a shared pathophysiological background with migraine due to their well‐known association. Currently, there are no established treatment guidelines. Delays in accurate diagnosis and commencing optimal treatment can significantly negatively impact on a patients quality of life. We discuss the clinical presentation and response to treatment of a case of Red Ear Syndrome in an 8‐year‐old boy.
The impact of systemic psoriasis treatments on human papillomavirus activation and propagation
Authors: Korecka Katarzyna , Wiśniewska‐Szymańska Anna , Mikiel Dominik 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPsoriasis is one of the most prevalent diseases in the world and it affects up to 2% of the worldwide population. Its pathogenesis is complex and the lesions may be triggered by multiple factors. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with anogenital cancers, cutaneous warts and is considered one of the most prevalent infections in the world. In this review, the available literature on the systemic treatment of patients with psoriasis and concomitant HPV infection was analysed.
Differences in psychosocial distress among rural and metropolitan health care workers during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Tham Rachel , Pascoe Amy , Willis Karen , Kay Margaret , Smallwood Natasha 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe Australian COVID‐19 Frontline Healthcare Workers study examined the prevalence and severity of mental health symptoms during the second wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic. This substudy examined the differences in psychological well‐being between rural and metropolitan health care workers (HCWs).DesignA nationwide survey conducted between August and October 2020.Setting and ParticipantsAustralian HCWs were recruited through multiple strategies.Main outcome measuresDemographics, mental health outcomes (anxiety, depression, post‐traumatic stress disorder [PTSD] and burnout).ResultsComplete responses were included from 7846 participants, with 1473 (18.8%) in regional or remote (‘rural’) areas and 81.2% in metropolitan areas. Rural participants were older, more likely to work in allied health, nursing or in health administration, and had worked longer in their profession than metropolitan participants. Levels of resilience were similar (p = 0.132), but there was significantly higher prevalence of pre‐COVID‐19 pandemic mental illness in the rural workforce (p < 0.001). There were high levels of current mental health issues: moderate–severe PTSD (rural 38.0%; metropolitan 41.0% p = 0.031); high depersonalisation (rural 18.1%; metropolitan 20.7% p = 0.047); and high emotional exhaustion (rural 46.5%; metropolitan 43.3% p = 0.002). Among rural participants, mental health symptoms were associated with younger age, worry about being blamed if they contracted COVID‐19, fear of transmitting COVID‐19 to their family, experiencing worsening relationships and working in primary care or allied health.ConclusionDespite having low COVID‐19 case numbers in rural Australian health services compared with metropolitan counterparts over the course of 2020, there were widespread mental health impacts on the workforce. Rural health services need specific and flexible training, education, work policies and practices that support psychological well‐being now in preparedness for ongoing or future crises.
Short‐term oncological and surgical outcomes of robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy: A retrospective multicenter cohort study in Japan (the MSUG94 group)
Authors: Kato Daiki , Ebara Shin , Tatenuma Tomoyuki , Sasaki Takeshi , Ikehata Yoshinori , Nakayama Akinori , Toide Masahiro , Yoneda Tatsuaki , Sakaguchi Kazushige , Teishima Jun , Makiyama Kazuhide , Inoue Takahiro , Kitamura Hiroshi , Saito Kazutaka , Koga Fumitaka , Urakami Shinji , Koie Takuya 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionWe evaluated oncological outcomes of patients undergoing robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) for prostate cancer (PCa) and their perioperative complications in Japan. We investigated clinical and pathological covariates to predict biochemical recurrence (BCR) after RARP.MethodsA retrospective multicenter cohort study was conducted in RARP patients with PCa at 10 institutions in Japan. Pre‐ and postoperative covariates were collected from enrolled patients. The primary endpoint was defined as biochemical recurrence‐free survival (BRFS). Additionally, the association between BCR and clinicopathological covariates was determined.ResultsWe enrolled 2670 patients in this study. The median follow‐up period was 26.0 months. RARP‐related perioperative complications were identified in 198 patients (7.4%), including 69 patients (2.6%) with grade 3/4 complications according to the Clavien–Dindo classification. The 2‐year BRFS was 88.0%. Using the Kaplan–Meier method, initial prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) level of ≤7.6 ng/mL, biopsy and pathological Gleason score (GS) of ≤7, clinical and pathological T1/2, and low/intermediate risks according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network risk classification, and negative surgical margin status had significant BRFS than their counterparts. In multivariate analysis, initial PSA, biopsy and pathological GS, clinical and pathological T stage, and surgical margin status significantly correlated with BCR after RARP.ConclusionIn this study, RARP achieved a lower incidence of perioperative complications than other studies.
Medication compliance aids unpackaged: A national survey
Authors: Walters Sharmila , Chakravorty Mollika , McLachlan Sophie , Odone Jessica , Stevenson Jennifer M. , Minshull John , Schiff Rebekah 
Published: May 2022

AimsSixty‐four million pharmacy‐filled multicompartment medication compliance aids (MCAs) are dispensed by pharmacies in England each year. Despite the widespread use of MCAs and evidence that their use may be associated with harm there is no national consensus regarding MCA provision by acute hospital Trusts in England. The aim was to determine current practice for initiation and supply of MCAs in acute hospital Trusts in England and the potential consequences for patients and hospitals.MethodsA 26‐item survey was distributed to all acute hospital Trusts in England. The questionnaire covered: policy, initiation, supply and review of MCAs; alternatives offered; and pharmacy staffing and capacity related to MCAs.ResultsSeventy‐two out of 138 (52%) Trusts responded to the survey: 70 Trusts responded regarding policy for MCA provision, with 60 (86%) having a policy regarding this; 33/55 (60%) that supplied MCAs on discharge supplied a different prescription length for MCA vs. non‐MCA prescriptions; 49/55 (89%) Trusts provided only 1 brand of MCA; 47/55 (85%) MCA‐supplying Trusts identified frequent difficulties with MCAs and 13/55 (24%) reported employing staff specifically to complete MCAs; and 30/35 (86%) MCA‐initiating Trusts had an assessment process for initiation, with care agency request reportedly the most common reason for initiation.ConclusionThere is a lack of a national approach to MCA provision and initiation by acute hospital Trusts in England. This leads to significant variation in care and has the potential to put MCA users at an increased risk of medication‐related harm.
Sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: Current evidence and future perspectives
Authors: Jensen Jesper , Omar Massar , Kistorp Caroline , Gustafsson Finn , Køber Lars , Møller Jacob Eifer , Schou Morten 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 (SGLT2) inhibitors were developed as glucose‐lowering drugs to treat type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, significant reductions in clinical outcomes have now been demonstrated in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), irrespective of the presence of T2D. Multiple hypotheses have been proposed for the underlying mechanisms, and the data to support these proposals are emerging.ObjectivesTo review the clinical outcome data with SGLT2 inhibitors in HFrEF and the data to support the mechanisms for these clinical effects.MethodsLiterature review was supported by a PubMed search for relevant articles up to 19 April 2022.FindingsCurrent data support increased diuresis and reverse cardiac remodelling as important mechanisms for the reductions in heart failure hospitalizations and mortality observed with SGLT2 inhibitors (empagliflozin or dapagliflozin) in patients with HFrEF. Alteration in intrarenal haemodynamic is likely contributing to the observed renoprotective effect of SGLT2 inhibitors.ConclusionsSolid clinical data support the current recommendations to use empagliflozin or dapagliflozin in HFrEF. The underlying mechanisms likely include changes in cardiac and intrarenal haemodynamic. Yet, these mechanisms do not seem to solely explain the observed magnitude of clinical effect with SGLT2 inhibitors in HFrEF, and other mechanisms may contribute.
I do it for the children, and it's not a walk in the park: Parents' stories about how to maintain cooperative co‐parenting during the divorce process
Authors: Eikrem Trine , Jevne Kari Sjøhelle 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis article explores the transition of cooperative co‐parenting during the divorce process. Eighteen parents, representing eight co‐parenting pairs and two individuals who had just undergone mandatory mediation for parents applying for separation, participated in the study. Through in‐depth interviews with parents who were classified as cooperative during the mediation process, we examined how theyreasonand the struggles they face during the divorce transition. The study applied a sociocultural perspective, focusing on the cultural ideals of equal parenthood, and used the concepts ofboundariesandshared careas analytical tools. A main finding is that maintaining cooperative co‐parenting requires hard work, even in no‐or low‐conflict divorces, but the parents do it for their children. The results showed that the transforming process involved efforts to (1) continue established parenting practices, (2) shield the children and (3) deal with their own emotions. The underlying premises for successful co‐parenting are trust in each other's ability to take care of the children and their own knowledge of the emotional bonds between the children and each parent. In turn, these premises motivate parents to manage their own emotional turmoil.
Testing bats in rehabilitation for SARS‐CoV‐2 before release into the wild
Authors: Jones Scott , Bell Thomas , Coleman Christopher M. , Harris Danielle , Woodward Guy , Worledge Lisa , Roberts Helen , McElhinney Lorraine , Aegerter James , Ransome Emma , Savolainen Vincent 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSeveral studies have suggested SARS‐CoV‐2 originated from a viral ancestor in bats, but whether transmission occurred directly or via an intermediary host to humans remains unknown. Concerns of spillover of SARS‐CoV‐2 into wild bat populations are hindering bat rehabilitation and conservation efforts in the United Kingdom and elsewhere. Current protocols state that animals cared for by individuals who have tested positive for SARS‐CoV‐2 cannot be released into the wild and must be isolated to reduce the risk of transmission to wild populations. Here, we propose a reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR)‐based protocol for detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 in bats, using fecal sampling. Bats from the United Kingdom were tested following suspected exposure to SARS‐CoV‐2 and tested negative for the virus. With current UK and international legislation, the identification of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in wild animals is becoming increasingly important, and protocols such as the one developed here will help improve understanding and mitigation of SARS‐CoV‐2 in the future.
Modelling failure rates with machine‐learning models: Evidence from a panel of UK firms
Authors: Sermpinis Georgios , Tsoukas Serafeim , Zhang Yiqun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this study, we investigate the ability of machine‐learning techniques to predict firm failures and we compare them against alternatives. Using data on business and financial risks of UK firms over 1994–2019, we document that machine‐learning models are systematically more accurate than a discrete hazard benchmark. We conclude that the random forest model outperforms other models in failure prediction. In addition, we show that the improved predictive power of the random forest model relative to its counterparts persists when we consider extreme economic events as well as firm and industry heterogeneity. Finally, we find that financial factors affect failure probabilities.
Body fat, pericardial fat, liver fat and arterial health at age 10 years
Authors: Monasso Giulietta S. , Santos Susana , Silva Carolina C. V. , Geurtsen Madelon L. , Oei Edwin , Gaillard Romy , Felix Janine F. , Jaddoe Vincent W. V. 
Published: May 2022

SummaryBackgroundBody mass index is associated with carotid intima‐media thickness and distensibility in adults and children.ObjectiveTo examine whether general and specific fat depots are associated with these markers of arterial health at school age.MethodsThis cross‐sectional analysis was embedded in a population‐based prospective cohort study among 4708 children aged 10 years. Body, lean and fat mass index were estimated by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry. Pericardial, visceral and liver fat were estimated by magnetic resonance imaging. Carotid intima‐media thickness and distensibility were measured by ultrasound.ResultsA 1‐standard‐deviation‐score (SDS) higher body mass index was associated with higher carotid intima‐media thickness (0.06 SDS, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.03–0.08) and lower distensibility (−0.17 SDS, 95% CI: −0.20 to −0.14). These associations tended to be similar for lean mass index. A 1‐SDS higher fat mass index was associated with lower carotid intima‐media thickness (−0.08 SDS, 95% CI: −0.11 to −0.05) and lower distensibility (−0.10 SDS, 95% CI: −0.14 to −0.07). A 1‐SDS higher liver fat fraction was associated with lower carotid intima‐media thickness (−0.04 SDS, 95% CI: −0.08 to −0.00) and lower distensibility (−0.06 SDS, 95% CI: −0.10 to −0.03). We observed similar associations for visceral fat.ConclusionsAt school age, lean and fat mass seem to be differentially related to carotid intima‐media thickness but not distensibility. Arterial development might be affected by lean mass, general and specific fat mass.
Determinants of rapid infant weight gain: A pooled analysis of seven cohorts
Authors: Zheng Miaobing , Hesketh Kylie D. , Vuillermin Peter , Dodd Jodie , Wen Li Ming , Baur Louise A. , Taylor Rachael , Byrne Rebecca , Mihrshahi Seema , Sly Peter D. , Tang Mimi L. K. , Campbell Karen J. 
Published: May 2022

SummaryObjectiveRapid weight gain (RWG) in infancy is strongly associated with subsequent obesity risk, but little is known about the factors driving RWG. This study explored the child and maternal factors associated with infant RWG.MethodsData from seven Australian and New Zealand cohorts were used (n = 4542). Infant RWG was defined as a change in weight z‐score ≥0.67 from birth to age 1 year. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression assessed the association between child and maternal factors and infant RWG in each cohort. Meta‐analysis was conducted to obtain pooled effect sizes.ResultsMultivariable analyses revealed boys were more likely to experience RWG (OR 1.42 95% CI 1.22, 1.66) than girls. Higher birth weight in kg (OR 0.09, 95% CI 0.04, 0.20) and gestational age in weeks (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.48, 0.98) were associated with lower RWG risk. Children who were breastfed for ≥6 months showed lower RWG risk (OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.38, 0.53). Children of native‐born versus overseas‐born women appeared to have higher RWG risk (OR 1.37, 95% CI 0.99, 1.90). Maternal smoking during pregnancy increased RWG risk (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.28, 2.01), whereas children who started solids ≥6 months (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.63, 0.93) and children with siblings (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.57, 0.81) showed lower RWG risk in univariable analysis, but these associations were attenuated in multivariable analysis. No association was found for maternal age, education, marital status and pre‐pregnancy BMI.ConclusionMaternal country of birth, smoking status, child sex, birth weight, gestational age, infant feeding and parity were potential determinants of infant RWG.
Speak truth to power and consolidate the nursing visibility gained during COVID‐19
Authors: McDonald Tracey 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimTo provide a perspective on the visibility of nursing gained during the COVID‐19 pandemic and propose strategic options for nurses to consolidate their expanded roles and influence.BackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic has exposed long‐standing inequities across the world. Factors preserving discrimination weakened during the emergency are now being re‐established by neo‐liberalist influences that dismiss the true scale of the disaster and shape the narrative in ways that increase public risk and render nurses invisible.Sources of EvidenceAll evidence drawn from publicly available sources is presented through the lens of the authors' nursing, management, education, policy and research experience.DiscussionNurse advocacy will be needed during future decades of pandemic control and recovery and be in a position to deliver appropriate care and services.ConclusionFor nurses at all levels to remain visible, important, valued and respected, they need to be informed, engaged and willing to make a stand to preserve the hard‐won reputational gains of the last 30 months of the COVID‐19 pandemic.Implications for Nursing PracticeNurse advocacy and engagement are needed to maintain public awareness of the ongoing risks and safety options associated with the pandemic.Implications for Health and Social PolicyNurses and other health practitioners need to reveal the true level of devastation that continues to occur and guide the focus of political and administrative strategies in response to COVID‐19 impacts on services and public health orders.
Mission and Unity
Authors: Wirth Lauri Emilio 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis article discusses the historical conditions of the insertion of Christianity in Latin America. It points to the links between a colonizing project and Christian missions on that continent. The Christianity that settled here from the 16th century onward was marked by conflicts and controversies. Oppression and war against native populations were often justified as a necessary condition for evangelization. The political and theological disputes over the Protestant Reformation in Europe had repercussions on the continent as one more factor to intensify the conflict. Thus, one of the main structuring axes of the first notion of Christian unity on the continent was the exclusion of the other. However, in this context a prophetic Christianity also emerged out of compassion for the victims of the colonizing process. This article highlights central aspects of this Christianity of liberation that today still challenge missionary practices, but not only in Latin America. An evangelizing methodology conceived out of the living conditions of victims of oppressive systems questions even the missionary strategies of Protestant denominations active on the continent from the 19th century onwards, especially with regard to their civilizing ideal of local cultures. A careful and judicious look at the past of Christianization in Latin America can offer motivation for practices of ecumenical coexistence between different faiths, challenged by the pain of today's world and in solidarity with the victims of our consumer society.
Christ’s Love Moves the World to Reconciliation and Unity
Authors: George Samuel 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWhere there is Christ’s love, there ought to be reconciliation and unity. The absence of tangible reconciliation and concrete unity is the absence of Christ’s love itself. Disability theology exposes that traditionally, discussions on reconciliation and unity have seldom considered the perspectives of people with disabilities. Therefore, any discussion on reconciliation and unity is incomplete without the inclusion of perspectives of these people.