bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efektivitas Pendistribusian Dana Zakat, Infak Dan Sedekah (Zis) Pada Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (BAZNAS) Kabupaten Asahan
Authors: Sari Karmila , Akmal Tarigan Azhari 
Published: May 2022

This study is used to explain how the distribution of zakat, infaq and alms (ZIS) funds at BAZNAS Asahan Regency. The research method used is a field research type of qualitative research. This research is used to find out the problems that exist around the subject by using words. This research tries to understand and learn about the actions and behavior of zakat institution managers and administrators through ACR (Allocation to Collection Ratio). ACR is used to see a comparison between the funds collected and the funds that have been successfully distributed by BAZNAS. The results obtained from this study are the distribution of zakat funds in BAZNAS, Asahan Regency, which is distributed to 8 ashnaf such as the indigent, the poor, amil zakat, converts, slaves, debtors, fisabilillah, and ibn sabil. Meanwhile, infaq and alms funds can be distributed to everyone outside the ashnaf of zakat funds. The effectiveness of the distribution of ZIS funds to BAZNAS in Asahan Regency in 2019 was 147%, in 2020 it was 421%, and in 2021 it was 234%, so with the percentage above, the distribution of BAZNAS is included in the highly effective ACR category. This means that the distribution of ZIS funds to the Asahan Regency BAZNAS is very effective.
Keywords: Distribution of ZIS Funds, Effectiveness, ACR (Allocation to Collection)
Analisis Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Siklus Pendapatan dan Siklus Pengeluaran Pada PT. Cipta Mortar Utama
Authors: Rizkison Rizkison , Agustini Sri , Suryani Suryani 
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this research is to analyze the accounting informationsSystem income cycle and expenditure cycle at PT. Cipta Mortar Utama. This type of research is descriptive research, namely to determine the variable value of the income cycle and expenditure cycle. Data analysis and analysis techniques used are qualitative analysis methods. Data collection techniques in writing this thesis using the method of observation, interviews, and documentation. The sample used is 4 (four) employees from the related section of the income cycle and expenditure cycle. The results of the analysis show that the income cycle in the billing function has not yet started because the work is still manual and the computer is not provided and access to view bills that have not been paid by customers. Sales returns that are still not running according to procedures so that the returned goods become damaged and cannot be reproduced. Overcoming this problem in the billing function that is already using a computer and viewing an updated database. The sales return function must carry out activities according to procedures so as not to result in transportation costs for the disposal of the returned goods. The expenditure cycle still experiences loss of documents which results in work being hampered and payments that have not been made according to the agreement between the company and the supplier so that the company is blocked and cannot get the goods when needed. Overcoming the issue of the expenditure cycle when the document is lost, the log book must be done manually so that it can be seen where the status of the document is and the payment department must make payments according to the agreed due date. Purchase returns at the company are in accordance with procedures and there is no need for changes.
Keywords : Accounting information systems, revenue cycle, expenditure cycle, credit sales, credit purchases
Comparative study on qualitative and quantitative analysis of Inji Charu (Ginger Juice) and Inji Surasam (Ginger Decantent) prepared as per The Siddha literature
Authors: T Soruban , S Visweswaran , R Meenakumari 
Published: May 2022

Therapeutic aspects of Siddha consist of herbal or poly herbal, mineral, metal and animal products which given specific vehicle. Some of the herbal drugs which are used as vehicle may be processed before administration. Among these the Inji Charu (Ginger Juice) (Zinger officinale Roscoe) is commonly used as Anupanam (vehicle). Inji Charu has more volatile oils which produce pungent effect, so the process of Inji surasam (Ginger Decantent) will reduce the concentration of volatile oils and mitigate the pungent effect. Objective of the study is comparing the chemical constitution of Inji surasam and Inji Charu was analyzed by HPTLC and FTIR. The study result, Concentration of the major chemical compounds was quality wise same and quantity wise differ in both sample found. Alkyl aryl ether, Anhydride functional group were only present in Inji charu and Alkyne Nitro, Sulfonate, Sulfonic Acid, Sulfoxide, Sulfonamide functional group were only present in Inji Surasam.
A case study on the management of Kitibha kushta (Psoriasis) with virechana, dhanyamla dhara and takra dhara
Authors: Mohan Vishnu , Deva Sachin 
Published: May 2022

All the skin diseases in Ayurveda have been discussed under the broad heading of “Kushta”. Kushta Roga a dermatological disorders including psoriasis described as one of the most chronic disorders which is recurrent and immune mediated skin condition. It can have negative impact on physical, emotional and psychosocial status of affected person. Prevalence rate shows that it affects 1-2% of worldwide population in both the genders. This disease characterised by scaling, thickened-rough skin lesions, itching, in severe cases covers entire body. Kitibha Kushta is included in Kshudra Kushta commonly found today, having sign and symptoms similar to Plaque psoriasis. In this case study, a 49 years old male with chief complaint of Kandu (Itching), Powdery discharge and dry blackish brown patches over the anterior and posterior side of both legs, abdomen and upper back treated with Shodhana Chikitsa using Virechana Karma, along with Sarvanga Dhara (Dhanyamala Dhara), Shirodhara (Takra dhara) and Samshamana Aushadhis (Oral medicines) for 24 days. Patient recovered from the symptoms by undergoing above said treatment and there is improvement in the quality of life of the patient.
A case study - Concept of nidana in the management of Prameha (Diabetes mellitus)
Authors: Chambial Pooja , Khandare Sunil 
Published: May 2022

Diabetes mellitus is the commonest and major health disorder effecting mankind now a days. There are estimated 72.96 million cases of diabetes in adult population of India. In today’s era improper diet, sedentary lifestyle and gaining weight is making younger generation more prone to diabetes and are the main leading etiological factors. In Ayurveda it is described under Prameha and further as Madhumeha. Prameha is a kapha pradhana tridoshaja vyadhi. Mainly the nidana which do kapha vriddhi are responsible for vyadhi utpatti. The present study deals with a 58 years old male patient with chief complaint of generalised weakness, increased frequency of urine, swelling in bilateral limbs, numbness of both palms and feet and exertional dyspnoea. He was a diagnosed case of diabetes mellitus and the ayurvedic diagnosis of Prameha was made and treatment plan opted was use of Shamana Aushadhis, Shodhana Chikitsa along with modification of diet and lifestyle (nidana -parivarjana) which is the leading cause. The patients get positive results.
A scoping review on the tools for assessment of Agni and its derangements including Grahani dosha
Authors: Edavalath Mukesh , Das Chitta Ranjan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Objective: The purpose of this study was to review and analyze the tools available for the assessment of Agni and its derangements, including grahani dosha.
Methods: A review of the published literature was conducted online using PubMed, Science Direct, and Google scholar. The keywords for the search included, "Agni,", "Agni Bala,” “Agni vaishamya," "Grahani dosha”, “Assessment tool “, and “Questionnaire”. The initial search retrieved 37 articles, of which seven were screened, classified, and coded for further analysis including their content, methodology as well as utility in clinical practice.
Results: The review discovered four tools aimed at assessing Agni and three for diagnosing grahani roga. All were different with regards to the domains assessed, mode of administration, and methodologies in which they were developed. Only two of the tools for Agni assessment were prepared following proper methodology including the evaluation for their reliability and validity. The absence of a gold standard against which these tools can be corroborated is a major drawback, because of which these tools were neither subjected to stringent scientific validation nor evaluated for their clinical utility.
Conclusion: None of the tools available for review could be deemed best at accurately detecting Agni and its dysfunctions. Two of the tools were developed adopting proper methodology, however, the feasibility of these in a clinical scenario has to be established with further studies. Additionally, there was no tool directed at assessing grahani dosha in specific disease states, which necessitates further research to develop and validate tools, especially in specific disorders.
Pharmacognostical and nutritional assessment of Indigofera cassioides DC. flowers, an ethnomedicinal plant
Authors: Vats Nisha , C R Harisha , Acharya Rabinarayan 
Published: May 2022

Background: Indigofera cassioides DC.A deciduous shrub of family Fabaceae is an unexplored medicinal plant, being traditionally used in the states of Kerala, Odisha, and Maharashtra. Different parts of the plant have been reported both as a food and in the management of chest pain, cold, asthma, diarrhoea, dysentery and piles. Material and methods: Indigofera cassioides after proper authentication was collected from Paikemal (Odisha), during the month of March and its flowers were studied for microscopic characters, physico-chemical analysis, secondary metabolites screening, nutritional values and heavy metal analysis following standard protocol recommended by the Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Result: Powder microscopy shows the presence of simple trachoma, simple starch grain, pollen grain, simple fibers, oil globules, epidermal cells on edge, group of pollen of grains, yellowish brown content, parenchyma cells of corolla, epidermal cells along with stomata, pleuri-cellular trichome. Physicochemical parameters including moisture content, ash value and extractive value of flower powder were reported. Nutritional evaluation shows that sample 1 (one year stored)has the greater nutritive value than the sample 2 (fresh). Flowers tested negative for heavy metals (mercury, cadmium, arsenic and lead). Conclusion: The present findings will be useful in establishing pharmacognostic and phytochemical standards for identification as well as assessment of purity and quality of this plant which definitely gaining the relevance in plant drug research and establishment of plant monograph.
O POTENCIAL DE REUTILIZAÇÃO DAS CÉLULAS DE ÍON LÍTIO DE BATERIAS DE NOTEBOOK DESCARTADAS: ANÁLISE EM TERMOS DE SUSTENTABILIDADE
Authors: Pereira Samila , Conceição Vinicius Marcos Domingues , Kohler Vicente Leonardo Cordeiro , Aguiar Gabriel Almeida de , Santilio Fabricio Parra 
Published: May 2022

O presente artigo objetiva apresentar o processo de pesquisa para a recuperação de células de bateria de Íon-Lítio extraídas de baterias de notebook descartadas que foram obtidas através de doações, de forma a evitar seu descarte precoce e verificar o potencial de reutilização das células em outras aplicações, visando suprir a demanda de pilhas e baterias não recarregáveis, as quais são compostas de metais pesados danosos ao meio ambiente e à saúde. O estudo teve como escopo averiguar o índice de recuperação das células, para tanto, foram submetidas à uma série de procedimentos e testes, definindo-se assim a viabilidade do método aplicado e o potencial de reuso de baterias de notebook descartadas. A finalidade baseou-se na verificação das células funcionais dentro de baterias que haviam sido condenadas previamente pelos doadores, contribuindo para a sustentabilidade, através da redução no descarte prematuro de baterias de notebook e a reutilização das células que seriam descartadas em outros dispositivos.
A Wound Treatment System to Supress Cankers and Wood Rot in Trees
Authors: Peterson J.L. , Helmer D.B. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLiquid and paste formulations of Nectec, an experimental fungicidal tree wound healing product, were evaluated for the prevention or suppression of canker and wood rot in trees. A broad activity spectrum against several wood inhabiting fungi was demonstrated in the laboratory. The Nectec paste, when applied to cut ends of maple branches prior to inoculation withNectria cinnabarina, significantly reduced fungus penetration. Disease control was not consistent when the cut ends of maple limbs were treated 40 days after the wounds were inoculated withN. cinnabarina. Application of the Nectec liquid and paste combination or the Nectec paste alone to newly wounded trunks of maple, planetree, locust, poplar and dogwood trees did not inhibit, but tended to favor callus formation. When the products were applied to cut ends of large branches of these trees, fungus penetration and staining of wood was significantly reduced after one year when compared to non-treated limbcuts. The products show promise as canker and wood rot preventatives in trees.
A Statistical Method for the Accurate and Rapid Sampling of Urban Street Tree Populations
Authors: Jaenson R. , Bassuk N. , Schwager S. , Headley D. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper develops and demonstrates a statistical sampling method that can be used to estimate the species composition of an urban street tree population quickly and accurately, i.e., with an acceptable level of error. The technique is based on stratified random sampling. We first estimate the percentage of street trees in separate zone segments throughout the city, and then distribute a sample of 2,000-2,300 trees across the city. Weighted averaging is used to obtain estimates and confidence limits. We have applied this technique in four cities in New York state and obtained results that agree closely with previously existing complete or partially complete street tree surveys.
СТУДЕНТТЕРДІҢ ЗЕРТТЕУ ҚҰЗЫРЕТТІЛІГІН ҚАЛЫПТАСТЫРУДА ЖОБАЛЫҚ ОҚЫТУ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯСЫНЫҢ МҮМКІНДІКТЕРІН ІСКЕ АСЫРУ
Authors: Ж. А. Зулкарнаева  , А. Ж. Кусаинова  , А. К. Аргимбаева  , Н. М. Шубаева  
Published: May 2022

Осы жұмыста студенттердің ғылыми құзіреттілігін қалыптастыруда жобалық оқыту технологиясының мүмкіндігі қарастырылады. Дидактикалық құралдарды негіздеу және жобалық оқыту процесінде студенттердің зерттеу құзыреттілігін қалыптастыру – мақаланың мақсаты болып табылады. Мақала авторлары ғылыми әдебиеттерді талдау негізінде «құзырет», «құзыреттілік» ұғымдарының анықтамаларын нақтылады. Зерттеу құзыреттілігі студенттердің когнитивтік, пәндік-практикалық және жеке тәжірибесінің күрделі синтезі ретінде әрекет ететіні көрсетілген. Зерттеу құзыреттілігінің жетекші функциялары анықталды және сипатталды. Дидактикалық құралдар және дайындық түрлеріне (теориялық, практикалық) байланысты жобалық оқытудың дамушы мүмкіндіктерін іске асыру шарттары белгіленді.Зерттеу құзыреттілігін дамыту деңгейлері айқындалып, мазмұнды сипатталған. Зерттеу нәтижелері бойынша респонденттердің көпшілігінде зерттеу құзыреттілігін дамыту деңгейінің төмендігі және оқуды бітіруші курс студенттерінің 25 %-ында құзыреттіліктің осы түрін дамытудың жоғары деңгейі бар екендігі анықталды. Бұл қазіргі заманғы жоғары мектеп түлектерінің көп жағдайда заманауи тез және қарқынды өзгеретін еңбек нарығында табысты қызмет етуге дайын еместігін білдіреді. Жобалық оқытудың даму әлеуетін күшейту студенттердің зерттеу құзыреттілігін қалыптастыруға айтарлықтай әсер етеді. Зерттеушілік білігі мен дағдылары бүгінгі күні ғылыммен айналысатын адамдарға ғана тән емес, түрлі саладағы әрбір адамның әрекетіне қажет.
LESSON STUDY: USING GROUPWORK ACTIVITY TO ENCHANCE STUDENT’S OUTPUT IN EAP CLASSES
Authors: A. B. Rakhimzhanova  , A. A. Baizhanova  , N. A. Ishmukhambetov  
Published: May 2022

This article is a product of collaborative work between three university instructors that specifically focused on developing and enhancing students’ output using groupwork in their English for Academic Purposes (EAP) classes. The experimental part of this paper was based on the method commonly known as lesson study and aimed at observing and analyzing the use of language input covered during the classes by students. To provide favorable environment for the language practice, greater time was allocated for the production part of the lesson, where students did a role play activity in groups. The experiment proved that groupwork indeed enhances student output and engages more of them. At the same time, it was revealed that providing more time for the production part does not always lead to an increase in student talking time. Low-performing students’ output as well, did not necessarily improve during such activities.
Comparison of years of life lost to 1,565 suicides versus 10,650 COVID-19 deaths in 2020 in Sweden: four times more years of life lost per suicide than per COVID-19 death
Authors: Ljung Rickard , Grünewald Maria , Sundström Anders , Thunander Sundbom Lena , Zethelius Björn 
Published: May 2022

Background: The burden of disease from the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic is large; however, suicide affects the population year after year. From a public health perspective, it is important to not neglect contributors to the total burden of disease. The aim of this paper is to compare years of life lost (YLL) to suicide with those lost to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Methods: A nationwide cohort study in 2020, in Sweden. YLL was measured as the sex- and age-specific remaining life expectancy at the time of the person’s death based on the death risks that pertained to the Swedish population in 2019. YLL to suicide was compared to YLL to COVID-19 and presented by sex and age groups. Suicide deaths in 2020 were estimated as the annual average of suicides in 2015–2019.
Results: Annual average of suicide was 1,565, whereof 1,076 (68.8%) men and 489 (31.2%) women. In 2020, 10,650 persons died of COVID-19, whereof 5,681 (53.3%) men and 4,969 (46.7%) women. Estimated total YLL to suicide and COVID-19 in 2020 was 53,237 and 90,116, respectively. The COVID-19 YLL to suicide YLL ratio in 2020 was 1.69 (90,116/53,237). Men accounted for 67.1% of suicide YLL and of 56.4% of COVID-19 YLL. Those 44 years or younger accounted for 60.3% of suicide YLL and 3.9% of COVID-19 YLL. Those 75 years and older accounted for 2.9% of suicide YLL and 60.9% of COVID-19 YLL. On average, each suicide generates 34 YLL (53,237/1,565), and each COVID-19 death generates 8.5 YLL (90,116/10,650).
Conclusions: YLL to suicide affects Sweden year after year, foremost attributable to the younger age groups, whereas YLL to COVID-19 is foremost attributable to the elderly. On average, each suicide generates four times more YLL than a COVID-19 death. Enormous efforts and resources have been put on tackling the pandemic, and without these, the burden would probably have been much larger. However, from a public health perspective, it is important to not neglect other contributors to the total burden of disease where national efforts also may have an impact.
The Role of Medicinal Plants in Domestic Animals and Estrus Induction with Particular Reference to Aegle marmelos and Murraya Koenigii
Authors: Kujur Anju , Srivastava N. , Jasrotia Nancy , J Arunpandian 
Published: May 2022

Due to malnutrition and inadequate management practices, anestrus is frequently observed in domestic animal species, particularly in rural areas. This financially crippling condition in affected animals can be mitigated using available therapeutic measures. The primary challenges with employing hormones or other medicaments for animal reproductive management are the massive price, lack of rapid assay resources, barely commercially accessible and the requirement for veterinarian care. Therefore, herbal medicines are a good alternative since they are cheap, effective, and socially acceptable and they are often the only option with little side effects. Herbal combinations can have significant beneficial effects due to the synergistic or cumulative effects of their active principles. Plants have a wide spectrum of beneficial effects in their natural state and have immense potential as a source of new medications. Traditional remedies Murraya koenigii (curry leaves) and Aegle marmelos (bael) have been shown to boost reproductive performance in lab rats, anoestrus caprine and bovines.
Rolling noise reduction through GA-based wheel shape optimization techniques
Authors: Garcia-Andrés Xavier , Gutiérrez-Gil Jorge , Andrés Víctor Tomás , Martínez-Casas José , Denia Francisco David 
Published: May 2022

Railway rolling noise is nowadays a major source of acoustic pollution in urban areas, with nearly up to 12 million people daily affected in Europe by this phenomenon [1]. Hence, the search for ways of decreasing such noise radiation has become a highly active and significant research field. Following this approach, a Genetic Algorithms-based shape optimization of the railway wheel [2] is developed with the aim of minimizing rolling noise. Different approaches are considered to address the problem, such as directly minimizing radiated Sound poWer Level (SWL) or using the maximization of the natural frequencies if computational efficiency is especially critical. A parametric Finite Element model is implemented for the wheel based on the most relevant geometric parameters in rolling noise radiation. For the acoustic calculation, the sound radiation models used in the TWINS software [3] are adopted, which also accounts for the whole dynamics of the wheel/rail system. Furthermore, for every candidate wheel proposed, a structural analysis is computed in order to check design feasibility in accordance with the corresponding standard [4]. In all cases, new geometries for the wheel cross section are achieved that reduce the radiated rolling noise. REFERENCES [1] WHO European Centre for Environment and Health, “Burden of disease from environmental noise”, WHO, Tech. Rep., 2011 [2] X. Garcia-Andrés, J. Gutiérrez-Gil, J. Martínez-Casas and F. D. Denia, “Wheel shape optimization approaches to reduce railway rolling noise”, Struct. Multidiscipl. Optim., Vol. 62, pp. 2555-2570, (2020). [3] D. J. Thompson, B. Hemsworth and N. Vincent, “Experimental validation of the TWINS prediction program for rolling noise, part 1: Description of the model and method”, J. Sound Vib., Vol. 193 (1), pp. 123–135, (1996). [4] UNE, “Railway applications. Wheelsets and bogies. Monobloc wheels. Technical approval procedure. Part 1: Forged and rolled wheels. UNE-EN-13979-1:2006”, Asociación Española de Normalización (UNE), Technical Standard, 2011.