bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cold atmospheric plasma inhibits vesicle transport of human osteosarcoma cells visualized by super‐resolution fluorescence microscopy
Authors: Zhu Cheng , Chen Chong , Guo Jinsong , Wang Qun , Rao Junfeng , Li Hui , Wu Xiaodong , Zhuang Jie 
Published: February 2022

AbstractVesicle transport plays a key role in cancer invasion and metastasis. As a promising cancer treatment modality, the impact of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) on vesicle transport has been barely examined. In this study, super‐resolution structured illumination microscopy (SIM) was employed to track the intracellular vesicles of osteosarcoma cells. Results indicated that CAP exposure could disintegrate vesicle clusters and individual vesicles. After 20 s of CAP treatment, the average velocity of intracellular vesicles decreased from 0.140 to 0.037 μm/s, while the 60 s maximum displacement declined from 7.76 to 3.26 μm. Significant inhibition of vesicle transport between osteosarcoma cells and human bronchial epithelium was observed after CAP treatment. These findings may shed some light on understanding CAP–cancer cell interactions.
Further theories on application of new generalized probability density function and its applications
Authors: Erem Aysegul , Bilgehan Bülent , Özyapıcı Ali , Boratas Sensoy Zehra 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe exponential‐based probability density functions (PDFs) such as Gaussian, exponential, and Rayleigh are widely used in lifetime modeling, survival analysis, and engineering. Recently, the generalized probability density functions consisting a well‐known exponential PDFs were introduced and successfully applied in electrical and electronic engineering. After encouraging results of generalized PDF, further theories and applications are considered within this paper. The parameters of the new (GE) PDF were successfully derived by using the maximum likelihood estimation method. The applications in the paper show that the new generalized probability density function based on maximum likelihood parameter estimators provides more effective probabilistic representation. In this study, statistical properties of new GE distribution is discussed. Some reliability characteristics such as hazard function, mean residual lifetime (MRL) function, and mean past lifetime (MPL) functions are obtained based on special functions. Also, th moment of the new GE random variable is obtained in analytical form. Maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs) of parameters are also discussed. Lastly, some illustrative examples in engineering and survival analysis are provided based on different real data sets.
Place‐based learning processes in a family science workshop: Discussion prompts supporting families sensemaking and rural science connections using a community water model
Authors: McClain Lucy R. , Chiu Yu‐Chen , Zimmerman Heather Toomey 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study addresses intergenerational learning processes in informal settings by investigating families engaging in science talk and practices during a water quality science workshop led by local science experts. As part of a larger design‐based research study, this analysis examines how modified Think–Pair–Share discussion prompts within the water quality workshop curriculum supported the families' (a) sensemaking strategies and (b) place‐based scientific reasoning about local water sources as they interacted with a community water model. Using sociocultural theories of learning as our foundational basis, we analyzed parent–child interactions and family sensemaking processes that took place in four workshops with 44 h of video data (12 families). Through our analysis, we identified six distinct types of sensemaking conversations that arose during the workshops: (1) family experience connection, (2) rural connection, (3) model contextualizing, (4) parent revoicing, (5) parent questioning, and (6) prediction. We also found that families spatially distributed physical gestures over three media (air, table, community water model) to support different types of sensemaking conversations. Our findings point towards the importance of family discussion prompts in informal programs as a mediational means that connects abstract science topics to local, rural experiences to support family sensemaking practices. Implications for designing family‐focused science workshops in informal settings include designing discussion prompts to spark families' personally relevant connections with science and providing ample physical space for families to gesture during sensemaking conversations.
Oxygen Vacancies and Interface Engineering on Amorphous/Crystalline CrOx‐Ni3N Heterostructures toward High‐Durability and Kinetically Accelerated Water Splitting
Authors: Yang Mingyang , Zhao Mengxuan , Yuan Ji , Luo Junxuan , Zhang Junjun , Lu Zhouguang , Chen Dazhu , Fu Xianzhu , Wang Lei , Liu Chen 
Published: February 2022

AbstractManipulating catalytic active sites and reaction kinetics in alkaline media is crucial for rationally designing mighty water‐splitting electrocatalysts with high efficiency. Herein, the coupling between oxygen vacancies and interface engineering is highlighted to fabricate a novel amorphous/crystalline CrOx‐Ni3N heterostructure grown on Ni foam for accelerating the alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the electron transfer from amorphous CrOx to Ni3N at the interfaces, and the optimized Gibbs free energies of H2O dissociation (ΔGH−OH) and H adsorption (ΔGH) in the amorphous/crystalline CrOx‐Ni3N heterostructure are conducive to the superior and stable HER activity. Experimental data confirm that numerous oxygen vacancies and amorphous/crystalline interfaces in the CrOx‐Ni3N catalysts are favorable for abundant accessible active sites and enhanced intrinsic activity, resulting in excellent catalytic performances for HER and OER. Additionally, the in situ reconstruction of CrOx‐Ni3N into highly active Ni3N/Ni(OH)2 is responsible for the optimized OER performance in a long‐term stability test. Eventually, an alkaline electrolyzer using CrOx‐Ni3N as both cathode and anode has a low cell voltage of 1.53 V at 10 mA cm−2, together with extraordinary durability for 500 h, revealing its potential in industrial applications.
Strong, Healable, Stimulus‐Responsive Fluorescent Elastomers Based on Assembled Borate Dynamic Nanostructures
Authors: Qiu Xiaoyan , Cui Qinke , Guo Quanquan , Zhou Tao , Zhang Xinxing , Tian Ming 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSelf‐healing materials integrated with robust mechanical property and fascinating functions synchronously hold great prospects in many applications, but it still remains a grand challenge. Here, a bottom‐up assembly method of preparing borate dynamic nanostructures (BDN) with controllable morphologies and interfacial crosslinks is proposed, from which a robust self‐healing elastomer is fabricated. The BDN is optimized to construct dense and strong interfacial boronic easter crosslinks, endowing the elastomer with outstanding stretchability (2050%), high strength (17.9 MPa) as well as healing efficiency (77.1%). Moreover, the elastomer also exhibits pH stimulus‐responsive fluorescence property and excellent functional repairability, enabling its potential application in intelligent material fields such as information encoding and encryption. This study demonstrates a general approach to produce self‐healable functional materials with robust mechanical properties, and defines a rich platform for exploring various functional nanostructured materials.
All‐In‐One Biomimetic Nanoplatform Based on Hollow Polydopamine Nanoparticles for Synergistically Enhanced Radiotherapy of Colon Cancer
Authors: Gong Liuyun , Zhang Yujie , Zhao Jing , Zhang Yilei , Tu Kangsheng , Jiao Lianying , Xu Qiuran , Zhang Mingzhen , Han Suxia 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEven though radiotherapy is the most important therapeutic strategy for colon cancer treatment, there is an enormous demand to improve radiosensitivity in solid tumor destruction. For this purpose, a biomimetic nanoplatform based on hollow polydopamine nanoparticles (HP) with homologous targeting and pH‐responsive drug release properties is designed. In this work, HP is constructed by using a chelation competition‐induced polymerization strategy and then modified with the cancer cell membrane. Hollow polydopamine integrated with Pt nanoparticles (Pt@HP) has a catalase‐like activity, which can be used to trigger endogenous H2O2 into O2, relieving hypoxia of the tumor microenvironment (TME). With mesoporous shells and large cavities, Pt@HP shows efficient apoptin100–109 (AP) and verteporfin (VP) loading to form AVPt@HP@M. Under X‐ray irradiation, AVPt@HP@M exerts a radiosensitization effect via multiple strategies, including relieving hypoxia (Pt NPs), enhancing tumor apoptosis (AP), and X‐ray‐induced photodynamic therapy (X‐PDT) (VP). Further metabonomics analysis shows that the specific mechanism of the AVPt@HP@M is through influencing purine metabolism. Without appreciable systemic toxicity, this nanoplatform highlights a new strategy for effective radiosensitization and provides a reference for treating malignant tumors.
Liquid‐Suspended and Liquid‐Bridged Liquid Metal Microdroplets
Authors: Kim Jieun , Lee Joohyung 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLiquid metals (LMs) and alloys are attracting increasing attention owing to their combined advantages of high conductivity and fluidity, and have shown promising results in various emerging applications. Patterning technologies using LMs are being actively researched; among them, direct ink writing is considered a potentially viable approach for efficient LM additive manufacturing. However, true LM additive manufacturing with arbitrary printing geometries remains challenging because of the intrinsically low rheological strength of LMs. Herein, colloidal suspensions of LM droplets amenable to additive manufacturing (or “3D printing”) are realized using formulations containing minute amounts of liquid capillary bridges. The resulting LM suspensions exhibit exceptionally high rheological strength with yield stress values well above 103 Pa, attributed to inter‐droplet capillary attraction mediated by the liquid bridges adsorbed on the oxide skin of the LM droplets. Such liquid‐bridged LM suspensions, as extrudable ink‐type filaments, are based on uncurable continuous‐phase liquid media, have a long pot‐life and outstanding shear‐thinning properties, and shape retention, demonstrating excellent rheological processability suitable for 3D printing. These findings will enable the emergence of a variety of new advanced applications that necessitate LM patterning into highly complicated multidimensional structures.
Effects of Soluble and Insoluble Dietary Fiber from Corn Bran on Pasting, Thermal, and Structural Properties of Corn Starch
Authors: Li Sheng , Liu Huimin , Zheng Qihang , Hu Nannan , Zheng Mingzhu , Liu Jingsheng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this study, the effects of various concentrations (1%, 2%, 3%, 5%) soluble dietary fiber (SDF) and insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) from corn bran on the pasting, rheological, and thermal properties and the microstructure of corn starch (CS) are investigated. The findings show that the addition of dietary fiber inhibits the short‐term retrogradation of starch and decreases the relaxation time of weakly bound water. The SDF and IDF reduce endothermic enthalpy from 11.79 to 8.81 and 8.80 (J g−1), respectively (p  <  0.05). The addition of SDF significantly inhibits the gelatinization of starch (p  <  0.05), which reduces viscosity during CS pasting. In addition, 5% of SDF significantly (p  <  0.05) reduces the wavenumber ratio value (1047 cm–1/1022 cm–1) from 0.906 to 0.861 and decreases the strength of the CS gel from 653.29 to 75.66. The CS‐SDF gel shows a sheet‐like network structure, while in the CS‐IDF gel, IDF is embedded in a network structure. This research further expands the understanding of the interaction between dietary fiber and starch during processing and allows the improvement of high dietary fiber product quality.
Finite element numerical simulation of a cable‐stayed bridge construction through the progressive cantilever method
Authors: Souza Hoffman Igor , Manica Lazzari Bruna , Campos Américo , Manica Lazzari Paula , Rodrigues Pacheco Alexandre 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCable‐stayed structures have become popular worldwide as one of the main alternatives for bridge designs with spans from 200 to 1000 m. Due to the dimensions of the structural elements that typically compose such bridges and their nonlinear structural behavior, it is usually employed in the designing phases an analysis that considers the executive process to predict the stay‐cables prestress and the deck elevation. Other relevant factor to consider in numerical simulations is the materials viscous behavior since they have an important role in deflection responses. This study simulates numerically, using the Finite Element Method (FEM), the phases of a prestressed concrete cable‐stayed bridge construction by the progressive cantilever method. The ANSYS software, version 19.2, is customized in its USERMAT3D subroutine, which is used to introduce the viscoelastic models for creep and shrinkage, and the cracking of concrete into the main software. The FEM model simulates the pylon, deck, and stay‐cables of the bridge. The vertical displacements of the deck and the history of forces in the stay‐cables are compared with the measurements taken during a real bridge construction showing good agreement. Horizontal displacements of the pylon and the stress–strain history in the concrete with the construction sequence are also presented, showing good agreement as well even with the added viscous effects.
Influence of the preparation of the cylindrical specimen surface and approach analysis on the test value of compressive strength
Authors: Cangussu Nara , Costa Isabela , Júnior Álvaro Carvalho , Silveira Marise F. , Aslani Farhad , Maia Lino 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe worldwide use of the axial compressive strength test makes it fundamental to identify the concrete class. However, this test presents dispersion of results which, consequently, reduces the reliability of the test. The surface of the tops of the specimens influences the values of strength measured, since the lack of flatness impairs the uniform application of the load. Different types of procedures can be used to ensure the flatness of the surfaces. Besides, there are different approaches for data analysis, namely to detect outliers. Thus, this research aimed to study and evaluate, the influence of sulfur capping, capping with confined neoprene sheet and noncapping of the test specimens, and the influence of the approach to detect outliers in order to understand the interference in the results. The sulfur cap presented the lowest dispersion values and the cap with confined neoprene sheet obtained the highest strength. In addition, the results showed that the lack of regularization of the tops of the specimens increased dispersion as it causes an important decrease of the resistance in the concrete.
Applying real system age to DoD systems
Authors: Enos James R. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWhy do some systems exceed their planed lifecycle while others retire at or before their planned retirement date? A possible answer to this question is that systems that exceed their planned lifecycle have several common non‐functional attributes that enable them to continue to provide value to their stakeholders well beyond their planned lifecycle. As this is the case in several Department of Defense systems, it should be possible to develop a mathematical representation of the real system age for these engineered systems to compare that age to their chronological age and determine when to retire a system. This paper expands on previous work to develop a mathematical relationship for real system age by applying it to several DoD systems to include the B‐52 bomber, A‐10 aircraft, F‐117 stealth fighter, and the OH‐58D helicopter. It identifies that the systems the DoD retired have similar traits as their real system age closely follows the chronological age and approaches a 25‐year threshold for retirement. With this equation, it is possible to identify when a system is due for retirement or if an upgrade to the system may be able to extend the useful life of the system.
Inhibition of FAM83D displays antitumor effects in glioblastoma via down‐regulation of the AKT/Wnt/β‐catenin pathway
Authors: Wang Jubo , Quan Yu , Lv Jian , Gong Shouping , Ren Pengyu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractUp‐regulation of family with sequence similarity 83 member D (FAM83D) has been acknowledged as a vital contributor for the carcinogenesis of numerous cancers. The relevance of FAM83D in glioblastoma (GBM), however, is not well understood. This current work aimed to determine the possible roles and mechanisms of FAM83D in GBM. By analyzing The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data, we found dramatic increases in FAM83D expression in GBM tissue. We also observed elevated levels of FAM83D in the clinical specimens of GBM. In vitro data showed that silencing FAM83D resulted in remarkable antitumor effects via inhibiting the proliferation, invasion and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition of GBM cells. Moreover, the knockdown of FAM83D improved sensitivity to the chemotherapy drug temozolomide. In‐depth mechanism research revealed that the silencing of FAM83D strikingly decreased the phosphorylation levels of AKT and glycogen synthase kinase‐3β, and prohibited activation of the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway. The suppression of AKT abolished FAM83D‐mediated activation of the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway. The re‐expression of β‐catenin reversed FAM83D‐silencing‐induced antitumor effects in GBM cells. In addition, GBM cells with FAM83D silencing exhibited reduced tumorigenic potential in vivo. Overall, the data from this work show that the inhibition of FAM83D displays antitumor effects in GBM via down‐regulation of the AKT/Wnt/β‐catenin pathway and propose FAM83D as a new therapeutic target for GBM.
Intraoperative management of acute portal hypertension during liver lobectomy in a dog
Authors: Filipas Malina , Riggs Julia , Self Ian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe report the case of an 11‐year‐old, female neutered, miniature schnauzer presented for assessment of recurrent urinary tract and vaginal infections. During investigations, a hepatic mass was incidentally identified on abdominal ultrasound. Cytology following a fine‐needle aspirate biopsy led to a presumptive diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma affecting the right lateral liver lobe. Following resolution of the urinary pathology, elective resection of the neoplastic mass was performed. During liver lobectomy, acute portal hypertension developed, evident through venous congestion and marked peristalsis of the gastrointestinal tract, and pancreatic oedema. Consequently, severe haemodynamic disturbances occurred in the form of systemic hypotension and severe tachycardia. Acute portal hypertension is a potentially life‐threatening complication of hepatic surgery and should be immediately resolved through the reversal of portal vein occlusion.
Precipitation is the key determinant of topsoil δ15N values in southern Patagonia's semiarid rangelands
Authors: Peri Pablo L. , Duarte‐Guardia Sandra , Amelung Wulf , Ladd Brenton 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNitrogen (N) cycling in rangeland soils could potentially be controlled by water supply, stocking rates, or a range of other variables, such as ecosystem N stocks. To gauge the relative importance and elucidate possible interactions among these factors, we measured many abiotic variables to identify first‐order controls of δ15N for Patagonia's rangeland soils under contrasting historical grazing intensities. The results showed that δ15N values declined as water availability increased. The effects of precipitation and stocking rate on soil δ15N values were additive, and the effect of precipitation far outweighed the effects of grazing pressure. The soil N stock was a weak predictive variable for modeling variation in δ15N of the soil. Earlier assumptions about an inflection point for N cycling and δ15N values related to aridity were not confirmed. We conclude that variation in water availability drives variation in δ15N values irrespective of grazing intensity. We also conclude that meaningful interpretation of δ15N in soil will require a better mechanistic understanding of the interactions between water and N in the vadose zone than we currently possess.
A proof‐of‐concept experimental study for vacuum‐driven anaerobic biosolids fermentation using the IntensiCarb technology
Authors: Okoye Frances , Kakar Farokh Laqa , Elbeshbishy Elsayed , Bell Kati , Muller Christopher , Jimenez Jose , Al‐Omari Ahmed , Santoro Domenico , Jang Eunkyung , Walton John , Bahreini Gholamreza , Zaman Masuduz , Nakhla George , Hazi Ferenc , Takacs Imre , Murthy Sudhir , Rosso Diego 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study demonstrates the potential of an innovative anaerobic treatment technology for municipal biosolids (IntensiCarb), which relies on vacuum evaporation to decouple solids and hydraulic retention times (SRT and HRT). We present proof‐of‐concept experiments using primary sludge and thickened waste activated sludge (50–50 v/v mixture) as feed for fermentation and carbon upgrading with the IntensiCarb unit. IntensiCarb fully decoupled the HRT and SRT in continuously stirred anaerobic reactors (CSAR) to achieve two intensification factors, that is, 1.3 and 2, while keeping the SRT constant at 3 days (including in the control fermenter). The intensified CSARs were compared to a conventional control system to determine the yields of particulate hydrolysis, VFA production, and nitrogen partitioning between fermentate and condensate. The intensified CSAR operating at an intensification factor 2 achieved a 65% improvement in particulate solubilization. Almost 50% of total ammonia was extracted without pH adjustment, while carbon was retained in the fermentate. Based on these results, the IntensiCarb technology allows water resource recovery facilities to achieve a high degree of plant‐wide intensification while partitioning nutrients into different streams and thickening solids.Practitioner Points
The IntensiCarb reactor can decouple hydraulic (HRT) and solids (SRT) retention times in anaerobic systems while also increasing particulate hydrolysis and overall plant capacity.
Using vacuum as driving force of the IntensiCarb technology, the system could achieve thickening, digestion, and partial dewatering in the same unit—thus eliminating the complexity of multi‐stage biosolids treatment lines.
The ability to partition nutrients between particulate, fermentate, and condensate assigns to the IntensiCarb unit a key role in recovery strategies for value‐added products such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon, which can be recovered separately and independently.