bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deflection of Vertical Effect on Direct Georeferencing in Aerial Mobile Mapping Systems: A Case Study in Sweden
Authors: Bagherbandi Mohammad , Jouybari Arash , Nilfouroushan Faramarz , Ågren Jonas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGNSS/INS applications are being developed, especially for direct georeferencing in airborne photogrammetry. Achieving accurately georeferenced products from the integration of GNSS and INS requires removing systematic errors in the mobile mapping systems. The INS sensor's uncertainty is decreasing; therefore, the influence of the deflection of verticals (DOV, the angle between the plumb line and normal to the ellipsoid) should be considered in the direct georeferencing. Otherwise, an error is imposed for calculating the exterior orientation parameters of the aerial images and aerial laser scanning. This study determines the DOV using the EGM2008 model and gravity data in Sweden. The impact of the DOVs on horizontal and vertical coordinates, considering different flight altitudes and camera field of view, is assessed. The results confirm that the calculated DOV components using the EGM2008 model are sufficiently accurate for aerial mapping system purposes except for mountainous areas because the topographic signal is not modelled correctly.
Quantitative computed tomography predicts outcomes in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Humphries Stephen M. , Mackintosh John A. , Jo Helen E. , Walsh Simon L. F. , Silva Mario , Calandriello Lucio , Chapman Sally , Ellis Samantha , Glaspole Ian , Goh Nicole , Grainge Christopher , Hopkins Peter M. A. , Keir Gregory J. , Moodley Yuben , Reynolds Paul N. , Walters E. Haydn , Baraghoshi David , Wells Athol U. , Lynch David A. , Corte Tamera J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground and objectivePrediction of disease course in patients with progressive pulmonary fibrosis remains challenging. The purpose of this study was to assess the prognostic value of lung fibrosis extent quantified at computed tomography (CT) using data‐driven texture analysis (DTA) in a large cohort of well‐characterized patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) enrolled in a national registry.MethodsThis retrospective analysis included participants in the Australian IPF Registry with available CT between 2007 and 2016. CT scans were analysed using the DTA method to quantify the extent of lung fibrosis. Demographics, longitudinal pulmonary function and quantitative CT metrics were compared using descriptive statistics. Linear mixed models, and Cox analyses adjusted for age, gender, BMI, smoking history and treatment with anti‐fibrotics were performed to assess the relationships between baseline DTA, pulmonary function metrics and outcomes.ResultsCT scans of 393 participants were analysed, 221 of which had available pulmonary function testing obtained within 90 days of CT. Linear mixed‐effect modelling showed that baseline DTA score was significantly associated with annual rate of decline in forced vital capacity and diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide. In multivariable Cox proportional hazard models, greater extent of lung fibrosis was associated with poorer transplant‐free survival (hazard ratio [HR] 1.20, p < 0.0001) and progression‐free survival (HR 1.14, p < 0.0001).ConclusionIn a multi‐centre observational registry of patients with IPF, the extent of fibrotic abnormality on baseline CT quantified using DTA is associated with outcomes independent of pulmonary function.
Reasoning for whistleblowing in health care
Authors: Wiisak Johanna , Suhonen Riitta , Leino‐Kilpi Helena 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundWhistleblowing is recognised as part of solving wrongdoing. It requires individual reasoning as it is a potentially complicated process with a risk of possible negative consequences for oneself. Knowledge on how individuals reason for whistleblowing in healthcare context is lacking.AimThis study aimed to create a theoretical construct to describe individual reasoning for whistleblowing.MethodsThe methodology was grounded theory, with 244 nurses as informants. The data consisted of nurses' written narratives in response to a wrongdoing situation presented in a video vignette. To ensure the heterogeneity of the population and variation in nurses' professional expertise, experiences and geographical locations in health care to capture the multidimensionality of the responses, nurses were invited to participate, and data were collected electronically from the membership register of the Finnish Nurses' Association on a national level. Constant comparison was used to analyse the open data.ResultsThe core category of the theoretical construct, ‘The formation of morally courageous intervening’, was discovered, reflecting individual's values and beliefs. It forms mentally as an integration of cognition and emotion for recognising one's own strengths and limits to act to do the right thing despite the risk of negative consequences for oneself. The core category consists of three dimensions of reasoning: (1) Reasoning Actors, (2) Reasoning Justifications and (3) Reasoning Activities, their categories and three patterns of reasoning connecting the dimensions and their categories with each other: (I) Individual Reasoning, (II) Collaborative Reasoning and (III) Collective Reasoning.Discussion and conclusionThe theoretical construct indicate that reasoning is a multidimensional phenomenon. In future, a theoretical construct could be further developed. In health care, managers could use the theoretical construct to support employees in their whistleblowing.
Balanced cross‐section restoration in a complicated folded hinterland structure: Shilbilisaj profile, Talas ridge, Caledonian Tien Shan
Authors: Yakovlev Fedor , Gaidzik Krzysztof , Voytenko Viacheslav , Frolova Natalia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractConventional cross‐section balancing techniques based on layer length measuring can be applied only for foreland structures. To analyse complicated hinterland structure with numerous small‐scale folds, this balancing technique requires the reliable and detailed tracing of the morphology of any layer throughout the cross‐section, which is unattainable. We present a special kinematic method of balancing cross sections based “on the geometry of the folded domain” which enables the structural restoration of hinterland regions. We apply the method to restore the detailed structural section along the Shilbilisaj River, having a length of 26 km. We divided this section into 40–60 so‐called “domains” each including 2–7 folds. Our method uses the fold's morphology to determine the strain ellipsoid, which describes the deformation of each domain and is used to restore its pre‐folded state. By combining the pre‐folded states of the domains, we reconstruct the entire profile, and calculate shortening values as K = L0/L1 (initial to final length). The overall shortening value for the profile is 4.49, incrementally varying along the section from 3.79 to 5.53. The comparable results of two independently performed reconstructions emphasize the reliability of the applied balancing method.
Continent‐scale sediment dispersal for the Proterozoic Baraboo Interval quartzites in the Laurentian midcontinent
Authors: Malone David H. , Craddock John P. , Holm Daniel , Krieger Aidan , Baumann Steven J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe well‐known Baraboo Interval quartzites in the Laurentian midcontinent are a succession of mature red siliciclastic strata, locally more than 1.5 km thick, and covering an area >300,000 km2, much if not all of which was deposited after the Mazatzal orogeny (<1.63 Ga), and before the Baraboo Orogeny (~1.47 Ga). Ca. 1,300 new LA‐ICPMS detrital zircon ages from six Baraboo Interval inliers in Wisconsin and the Sioux Quartzite in South Dakota, USA attest to significant distal provenances not previously recognized. The principal ~1.8–1.9 Ga and >2.5 Ga age peaks represent local, southern Superior province sediment source areas. Yet more than 30% of our dataset includes ages between 1.9 and 2.5 Ga which are essentially absent from the region. We interpret these non‐locally derived zircons to have been transported ~2,500 km southeast to the Columbian supercontinental margin. The subsequent accretion of the Mazatzal terrane caused a major drainage reorganization, and transport of sediment for the uppermost Baraboo interval strata was north rather than south‐directed.
Local wound management: A review of modern techniques and products
Authors: Aisa Josep , Parlier Mark 
Published: July 2022

AbstractManagement of wounds is a commonly performed and essential aspect of small animal veterinary medicine. Appropriate wound management is a difficult art to master, due to the inherent complexity of the clinical scenario, as well as the ever‐evolving nature of the field with the constant addition of new products and techniques. This article reviews key concepts that may help the practitioner better understand the natural process of wound healing, factors that delay healing and strategies to help improve the local wound environment to make it more conducive to healing during open wound management. The concept of wound bed preparation is defined before common local wound management strategies, such as wound lavage and debridement, are discussed in more detail. Key aspects of the management of biofilms and appropriate use of antimicrobial agents are also reviewed. Finally, the concept of moist wound healing and its impact in modern wound management is explained before a broad variety of types of wound dressings are reviewed, with a particular focus on active dressings.
Evaluation of clonality from multiple anatomic sites in canine epitheliotropic T cell lymphoma
Authors: Keating M. Kelly , Rosenkrantz Wayne S. , Keller Stefan M. , Moore Peter F. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground: Canine epitheliotropic cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (eCTCL) is thought to represent a disease homologue to human mycosis fungoides (MF). In human MF, neoplastic cells are phenotypically consistent with resident effector memory T cells, a population that remains for an extended period within tissue without circulating. Dogs with eCTCL often present with lesions in multiple locations, raising the question of whether the neoplasm is of the same T‐cell subpopulation or not.Objectives: To characterize the antigen receptor gene rearrangements of lymphocytes from skin and blood of dogs with eCTCL to determine if neoplastic clones are identical.Animals: Fourteen dogs with eCTCL.Materials and methods: Histological and immunohistochemical examination, and PCR for antigen receptor rearrangement (PARR) for T‐cell receptor gamma (TRG) performed on multiple cutaneous biopsy samples and blood.Results: All skin biopsies contained cluster of differentiation (CD)3‐positive neoplastic lymphocytes. Within individual dogs, all skin biopsies revealed identical TRG clonality profiles, suggesting that the same neoplastic clone was present in all sites. In the blood, a matching clone was found in six of 14 dogs, a unique clone was observed in nine of 14 dogs, and no clone was detected in two of 14 dogs.Conclusions: These findings show that canine eCTCL lesions in multiple locations harbour the same neoplastic clone, neoplastic lymphocytes do not remain fixed to the skin and instead can circulate via blood, differing clones can be identified in skin versus blood, and circulating neoplastic cells can be detected without lymphocytosis.
Long‐term potentiation in neurogliaform interneurons modulates excitation–inhibition balance in the temporoammonic pathway
Authors: Mercier Marion S. , Magloire Vincent , Cornford Jonathan H. , Kullmann Dimitri M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractApical dendrites of pyramidal neurons integrate information from higher‐order cortex and thalamus, and gate signalling and plasticity at proximal synapses. In the hippocampus, neurogliaform cells and other interneurons located within stratum lacunosum‐moleculare (SLM) mediate powerful inhibition of CA1 pyramidal neuron distal dendrites. Is the recruitment of such inhibition itself subject to use‐dependent plasticity, and if so, what induction rules apply? Here we show that interneurons in mouse SLM exhibit Hebbian NMDA receptor‐dependent long‐term potentiation (LTP). Such plasticity can be induced by selective optogenetic stimulation of afferents in the temporoammonic pathway from the entorhinal cortex (EC), but not by equivalent stimulation of afferents from the thalamic nucleus reuniens. We further show that theta‐burst patterns of afferent firing induces LTP in neurogliaform interneurons identified using neuron‐derived neurotrophic factor (Ndnf)‐Cre mice. Theta‐burst activity of EC afferents led to an increase in disynaptic feed‐forward inhibition, but not monosynaptic excitation, of CA1 pyramidal neurons. Activity‐dependent synaptic plasticity in SLM interneurons thus alters the excitation–inhibition balance at EC inputs to the apical dendrites of pyramidal neurons, implying a dynamic role for these interneurons in gating CA1 dendritic computations.
imageKey points
Electrogenic phenomena in distal dendrites of principal neurons in the hippocampus have a major role in gating synaptic plasticity at afferent synapses on proximal dendrites. Apical dendrites also receive powerful feed‐forward inhibition, mediated in large part by neurogliaform neurons.
Here we show that theta‐burst activity in afferents from the entorhinal cortex (EC) induces ‘Hebbian’ long‐term potentiation (LTP) at excitatory synapses recruiting these GABAergic cells.
LTP in interneurons innervating apical dendrites increases disynaptic inhibition of principal neurons, thus shifting the excitation–inhibition balance in the temporoammonic (TA) pathway in favour of inhibition, with implications for computations and learning rules in proximal dendrites.
Effectiveness of a specialist palliative home care nurse–patient consultation followed by an interprofessional telephone case conference compared with usual care among patients with non-oncological palliative care needs: protocol for the multicentre KOPAL cluster-randomised controlled trial
Authors: Marx Gabriella , Mallon Tina , Pohontsch Nadine Janis , Schade Franziska , Dams Judith , Zimansky Manuel , Asendorf Thomas , Böttcher Silke , Mueller Christiane A , Freitag Michael , Hummers Eva , van den Bussche Hendrik , Schäfer Ingmar , König Hans-Helmut , Stiel Stephanie , Schneider Nils , Nauck Friedemann , Friede Tim , Scherer Martin 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionProgressive chronic, non-malignant diseases (CNMD) like congestive heart failure (CHF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and dementia are of growing relevance in primary care. Most of these patients suffer from severe symptoms, reduced quality of life and increased numbers of hospitalisations. Outpatient palliative care can help to reduce hospitalisation rate by up to 50%. Due to the complex medical conditions and prognostic uncertainty of the course of CNMD, early interprofessional care planning among general practitioners who provide general palliative care and specialist palliative home care (SPHC) teams seems mandatory. The KOPAL study (a concept for strenghtening interprofessional collaboration for patients with palliative care needs) will test the effectiveness of a SPHC nurse–patient consultation followed by an interprofessional telephone case conference.Methods and analysisMulticentre two-arm cluster randomised controlled trial KOPAL with usual care as control arm. The study is located in Northern Germany and aims to recruit 616 patients in 56 GP practices (because of pandemic reasons reduced to 191 participants). Randomisation will take place on GP practice level immediately after inclusion (intervention group/control group). Allocation concealment is carried out on confirmation of participation. Patients diagnosed with CHF (New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification 3–4), COPD (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stage classification 3–4, group D) or dementia GDS stage 4 or above). Primary outcome is a reduced hospital admission within 48 weeks after baseline, secondary outcomes include symptom burden, quality of life and health costs. The primary analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Intervention will be evaluated after the observation period using qualitative methods.Ethics and disseminationThe responsible ethics committees of the cooperating centres approved the study. All steps of data collection, quality assurance and data analysis will continuously be monitored. The concept of KOPAL could serve as a blueprint for other regions and meet the challenges of geographical equity in end-of-life care.Trial registration numberDRKS00017795; German Clinical Trials Register.
Patterns of pregabalin prescribing in four German federal states: analysis of routine data to investigate potential misuse of pregabalin
Authors: Flemming Ronja 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesThe objectives of this study were to investigate the utilisation patterns of pregabalin, to identify users potentially misusing pregabalin and to compare this group of patients to patients prescribed recommended doses of pregabalin concerning their personal characteristics and the coordination among their prescribers. Unintended coprescription of drugs with addictive potential might occur when care is insufficiently coordinated.DesignSecondary data analysis of linked data from three regional sickness funds in Germany (AOK) for the years 2014–2016.SettingAmbulatory and hospital care sector in four German federal states.MethodsOn the basis of routine data, patients who received at least three prescriptions of pregabalin were identified and classified into patients prescribed pregabalin as recommended and those dispensed with a higher than recommended dose (>600 mg/day). Social network analysis was applied to identify prescription networks and to analyse cooperation among the prescribers. With descriptive statistics and univariate statistical tests, typical characteristics of the group of patients potentially misusing pregabalin were compared with the others.ResultsAmong the 53 049 patients prescribed pregabalin, about 2% (877) were classified as potentially misusing pregabalin. The majority of this group was male and aged between 30 and 60 years. Of the patients misusing pregabalin, 365 (42%) had a diagnosed history of substance use disorders and 359 (41%) had been prescribed another drug with addictive potential (opioids) before. The prescribers of those patients potentially misusing pregabalin were more loosely connected within networks compared with prescribers of patients prescribed pregabalin as recommended.ConclusionThis study found that patients could exceed recommended doses of pregabalin by getting prescriptions from multiple physicians. Specific patients were at increased risk of potentially misusing pregabalin, and these patients sought to obtain their prescriptions from physicians who were as loosely connected as possible. Coordination and sharing a relevant number of patients seem to be levers to avoid these problems of unintended coprescribing.
Effectiveness and active ingredients of social prescribing interventions targeting mental health: a systematic review
Authors: Cooper Matthew , Avery Leah , Scott Jason , Ashley Kirsten , Jordan Cara , Errington Linda , Flynn Darren 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveThis study aims to establish the effectiveness and active ingredients of UK-based social prescribing interventions targeting mental health and well-being outcomes.DesignSystematic review adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysies guidelines and a published protocol.Data sourcesNine databases were systematically searched up to March 2022.Eligibility criteriaSocial prescribing interventions in the UK involving adults aged ≥18 years, which reported on mental health outcomes.Data extraction and synthesisTwo reviewers extracted data on study characteristics; outcomes; referral pathways; treatment fidelity strategies; person-centredness; intervention development processes and theory-linked behaviour change techniques (BCTs). Data were narratively synthesised.Results52 074 records were retrieved by the search, 13 interventions reported across 17 studies were included in this review (N=5036 participants at post-intervention). Fifteen studies were uncontrolled before-and-after designs, one a randomised controlled trial and one a matched groups design. The most frequently reported referral pathway was the link worker model (n=12), followed by direct referrals from community services (n=3). Participants were predominantly working age adults, and were referred for anxiety, depression, social isolation and loneliness. 16 out of 17 studies reported statistically significant improvements in outcomes (mental health, mental well-being, general health, or quality of life). Strategies to enhance treatment fidelity were suboptimal across studies. Only two studies used a specific theoretical framework. A few studies reported engaging service users in codesign (n=2) or usability and/or feasibility testing (n=4). Overall, 22 BCTs were coded across 13 interventions. The most frequently coded BCTs were social support-unspecified (n=11), credible source (n=7) and social support-practical (n=6).ConclusionsRobust conclusions on the effectiveness of social prescribing for mental health-related outcomes cannot be made. Future research would benefit from comprehensive intervention developmental processes, with reference to appropriate theory, alongside long-term follow-up outcome assessment, using treatment fidelity strategies and a focus on principle of person-centred care.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020167887.