bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crystal structure of methylene blue citrate
Authors: Yunuskhodjayev Akhmatkhodja N. , Iskandarova Shokhista F. , Sabirov Vahobjon Kh. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The structure of the salt-type methylene blue citrate hydrate, [MB]+[H3Cit]– × 0.18H2O (where [MB]+ represents the methylene blue cation and [H3Cit]– the anion of the mono-deprotonated citric acid), has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The [MB]+ cation is planar and stacked in an antiparallel fashion, exhibiting π–π stacking associations at an interplane distance of 3.746(6) Å. The [MB]+ cation forms short contacts of the C–H⋯O type with the citrate anion through methyl groups of the NMe2 substituents. Water molecules are distributed in the voids between stacks of the [MB]+ cations with very low site occupancies (total 0.18) and do not form hydrogen bonds with the citrate anion, but feature hydrogen bonds between the water molecules. In order to visualize the intermolecular interactions in the crystal structure of the title compound, a Hirshfeld surface analysis was carried out.
Photocatalytic hydrogen generation using TiO2: a state-of-the-art review
Authors: Mazhar Fatima , Kausar Abida , Iqbal Munawar 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This review is focusing on photocatalytic hydrogen (H2) production as a viable fuel. The limitations of different production methods for H2 generation and the importance of photocatalytic process are discussed, which renders this process as highly promising to meet the future energy crises. TiO2 is one of most effective material to generate the H2 via photocatalytic processes. Therefore, advantages of the catalyst over other semiconductors have been thoroughly analyzed. Starting from synthesis of TiO2 and factors affecting the whole process of photocatalytic H2 production have been discussed. Modifications for improvement in TiO2 and the photocatalytic reaction are critically reviewed as well as the mechanism of TiO2 modification has been described. Metal doping, non-metal doping, impurity addition and defect introduction processes have been analyzed and the comparison of experimental results is developed based on H2 production efficiency. A critical review of the literature from 2004 to 2021 concludes that H2 production as fuel using TiO2 photocatalytic method is efficient and environment friendly, which have potential for practical applications for H2 generation.
Rapid Interactions of Widespread Brain Networks Characterize Semantic Cognition
Authors: Aboud Katherine S. , Nguyen Tin Q. , Del Tufo Stephanie N. , Chang Catie , Zald David H. , Key Alexandra P. , Price Gavin R. , Landman Bennett A. , Cutting Laurie E. 
Published: November 2022

Language comprehension requires the rapid retrieval and integration of contextually appropriate concepts (“semantic cognition”). Current neurobiological models of semantic cognition are limited by the spatial and temporal restrictions of single-modality neuroimaging and lesion approaches. This is a major impediment given the rapid sequence of processing steps that have to be coordinated to accurately comprehend language. Through the use of fused functional magnetic resonance imaging and electroencephalography analysis in humans (n= 26 adults; 15 females), we elucidate a temporally and spatially specific neurobiological model for real-time semantic cognition. We find that semantic cognition in the context of language comprehension is supported by trade-offs between widespread neural networks over the course of milliseconds. Incorporation of spatial and temporal characteristics, as well as behavioral measures, provide convergent evidence for the following progression: a hippocampal/anterior temporal phonological semantic retrieval network (peaking at ∼300 ms after the sentence final word); a frontotemporal thematic semantic network (∼400 ms); a hippocampal memory update network (∼500 ms); an inferior frontal semantic syntactic reappraisal network (∼600 ms); and nodes of the default mode network associated with conceptual coherence (∼750 ms). Additionally, in typical adults, mediatory relationships among these networks are significantly predictive of language comprehension ability. These findings provide a conceptual and methodological framework for the examination of speech and language disorders, with additional implications for the characterization of cognitive processes and clinical populations in other cognitive domains.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe present study identifies a real-time neurobiological model of the meaning processes required during language comprehension (i.e., “semantic cognition”). Using a novel application of fused magnetic resonance imaging and electroencephalography in humans, we found that semantic cognition during language comprehension is supported by a rapid progression of widespread neural networks related to meaning, meaning integration, memory, reappraisal, and conceptual cohesion. Relationships among these systems were predictive of individuals' language comprehension efficiency. Our findings are the first to use fused neuroimaging analysis to elucidate language processes. In so doing, this study provides a new conceptual and methodological framework in which to characterize language processes and guide the treatment of speech and language deficits/disorders.
Neuroscience Needs to Test Both Statistical and Scientific Hypotheses
Authors: Alger Bradley E. 
Published: November 2022

Experimental neuroscience typically uses “p-valued” statistical testing procedures (null hypothesis significance testing; NHST) in evaluating its results. The rote, often misguided, application of NHST (Gigerenzer, 2008) has led to errors and “questionable research practices.” Although the problems could be avoided with better statistics training (Lakens, 2021), there have been calls to abandon NHST altogether. One suggestion is to replace NHST with “estimation statistics” (Cumming and Calin-Jageman, 2017; Calin-Jageman and Cumming, 2019). Estimation statistics emphasizes the uncertainty inherent in scientific investigations and uses metrics, e.g., confidence intervals (CIs), that draw attention to uncertainty. Besides procedural steps and methods, the Estimation Approach prefers expressing “quantitative,” rather than “qualitative” conclusions and making generalizations, rather than testing scientific hypotheses. The Estimation Approach embodies a philosophy of science—its ultimate goals, experimental mindset, and specific aims—that diverges unhelpfully from what laboratory-based neuroscience needs. The Estimation Approach meshes naturally with, e.g., clinical neuroscience, drug development, human psychology, and social sciences. It fits less well with much of the neuroscience published in theJournal of Neuroscience, for example. In contrast, the philosophy behind NHST fits naturally with traditional, evaluative testing of scientific hypotheses. Finally, some Estimation Approach remedies, e.g., replication, ideally with “preregistration,” are incompatible with much experimental neuroscience. This Dual Perspective essay argues that, while neuroscience can benefit from practical aspects of estimation statistics, entirely replacing conventional methods with the Estimation Approach would be a mistake. NHST testing should be retained and improved.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTExperimental neuroscience relies on statistical procedures to assess the meaning and importance of its research findings. Optimal scientific communication demands a common set of assumptions for expressing and evaluating results. Problems arising from misuse of conventional significance testing methods have led to a proposal to replace significance testing with an Estimation Statistics Approach. Practical elements of the Estimation Approach can usefully be incorporated into conventional methods. However, the prevailing philosophy of the Estimation Approach does not address certain important needs of much experimental neuroscience. Neuroscience should adopt beneficial elements of the Estimation Approach without giving up the advantages of significance testing.
Pharmacological Signature and Target Specificity of Inhibitory Circuits Formed by Martinotti Cells in the Mouse Barrel Cortex
Authors: Donato Cristina , Balduino Victorino Daniella , Cabezas Carolina , Aguirre Andrea , Lourenço Joana , Potier Marie-Claude , Zorrilla de San Martin Javier , Bacci Alberto 
Published: November 2022

In the neocortex, fast synaptic inhibition orchestrates both spontaneous and sensory-evoked activity. GABAergic interneurons (INs) inhibit pyramidal neurons (PNs) directly, modulating their output activity and thus contributing to balance cortical networks. Moreover, several IN subtypes also inhibit other INs, forming specific disinhibitory circuits, which play crucial roles in several cognitive functions. Here, we studied a subpopulation of somatostatin-positive INs, the Martinotti cells (MCs) in layer 2/3 of the mouse barrel cortex (both sexes). MCs inhibit the distal portion of PN apical dendrites, thus controlling dendrite electrogenesis and synaptic integration. Yet, it is poorly understood whether MCs inhibit other elements of the cortical circuits, and the connectivity properties with non-PN targets are unknown. We found that MCs have a strong preference for PN dendrites, but they also considerably connect with parvalbumin-positive, vasoactive intestinal peptide-expressing, and layer 1 (L1) INs. Remarkably, GABAergic synapses from MCs exhibited clear cell type-specific short-term plasticity. Moreover, whereas the biophysical properties of MC-PN synapses were consistent with distal dendritic inhibition, MC-IN synapses exhibited characteristics of fast perisomatic inhibition. Finally, MC-PN connections used α5-containing GABAAreceptors (GABAARs), but this subunit was not expressed by the other INs targeted by MCs. We reveal a specialized connectivity blueprint of MCs within different elements of superficial cortical layers. In addition, our results identify α5-GABAARs as the molecular fingerprint of MC-PN dendritic inhibition. This is of critical importance, given the role of α5-GABAARs in cognitive performance and their involvement in several brain diseases.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMartinotti cells (MCs) are a prominent, broad subclass of somatostatin-expressing GABAergic interneurons, specialized in controlling distal dendrites of pyramidal neurons (PNs) and taking part in several cognitive functions. Here we characterize the connectivity pattern of MCs with other interneurons in the superficial layers (L1 and L2/3) of the mouse barrel cortex. We found that the connectivity pattern of MCs with PNs as well as parvalbumin, vasoactive intestinal peptide, and L1 interneurons exhibit target-specific plasticity and biophysical properties. The specificity of α5-GABAARs at MC-PN synapses and the lack or functional expression of this subunit by other cell types define the molecular identity of MC-PN connections and the exclusive involvement of this inhibitory circuits in α5-dependent cognitive tasks.
Fecal microbiota transplantation enhances cell therapy in a rat model of hypoganglionosis by SCFA‐induced MEK1/2 signaling pathway
Authors: Tian Donghao , Xu Wenyao , Pan Weikang , Zheng Baijun , Yang Weili , Jia Wanying , Liu Yong , Garstka Malgorzata A , Gao Ya , Yu Hui 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHirschsprung disease (HSCR), one of several neurocristopathies in children, is characterized by nerve loss in the large intestine and is mainly treated by surgery, which causes severe complications. Enteric neural crest‐derived cell (ENCC) transplantation is a potential therapeutic strategy; however, so far with poor efficacy. Here, we assessed whether and how fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) could improve ENCC transplantation in a rat model of hypoganglionosis; a condition similar to HSCR, with less intestinal innervation. We found that the hypoganglionosis intestinal microenvironment negatively influenced the ENCC functional phenotype in vitro and in vivo. Combining 16S rDNA sequencing and targeted mass spectrometry revealed microbial dysbiosis and reduced short‐chain fatty acid (SCFA) production in the hypoganglionic gut. FMT increased the abundance of Bacteroides and Clostridium, SCFA production, and improved outcomes following ENCC transplantation. SCFAs alone stimulated ENCC proliferation, migration, and supported ENCC transplantation. Transcriptome‐wide mRNA sequencing identified MAPK signaling as the top differentially regulated pathway in response to SCFA exposure, and inhibition of MEK1/2 signaling abrogated the SCFA‐mediated effects on ENCC. This study demonstrates that FMT improves cell therapy for hypoganglionosis via short‐chain fatty acid metabolism‐induced MEK1/2 signaling.
Nuclease‐independent functions of RAG1 direct distinct DNA damage responses in B cells
Authors: Johnston Rachel , Mathias Brendan , Crowley Stephanie J , Schmidt Haley A , White Lynn S , Mosammaparast Nima , Green Abby M , Bednarski Jeffrey J 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDeveloping B cells generate DNA double‐stranded breaks (DSBs) to assemble immunoglobulin receptor (Ig) genes necessary for the expression of a mature B cell receptor. These physiologic DSBs are made by the RAG endonuclease, which is comprised of the RAG1 and RAG2 proteins. In pre‐B cells, RAG‐mediated DSBs activate the ATM kinase to coordinate canonical and non‐canonical DNA damage responses (DDR) that trigger DSB repair and B cell developmental signals, respectively. Whether this broad cellular response is distinctive to RAG DSBs is poorly understood. To delineate the factors that direct DDR signaling in B cells, we express a tetracycline‐inducible Cas9 nuclease in Rag1‐deficient pre‐B cells. Both RAG‐ and Cas9‐mediated DSBs at Ig genes activate canonical DDR. In contrast, RAG DSBs, but not Cas9 DSBs, induce the non‐canonical DDR‐dependent developmental program. This unique response to RAG DSBs is, in part, regulated by non‐core regions of RAG1. Thus, B cells trigger distinct cellular responses to RAG DSBs through unique properties of the RAG endonuclease that promotes activation of B cell developmental programs.
Energy and Exergy Analysis in a Centrifugal Pump Driven by a Diesel Engine Using Soybean Biodiesel and Mixtures with Diesel
Authors: Pereira Roberto , Da Silva Ivenio , Pardal Juan 
Published: November 2022

Soybean biodiesel and mixtures with diesel are used as fuel in a diesel engine that drives a centrifugal pump. The consumption useful work rate, the reversible work rate and the efficiency of the second law of thermodynamics were calculated using an energetic and exergetic analysis. The soybean biodiesel was produced using ethanol in the proportion of 33% v/v and the catalyst NaOH (1%), obtaining a yield of 90,63%. The fuels used were diesel (B0); 25% soybean biodiesel and 75% diesel (B25); 50% soybean biodiesel and 50% diesel (B50); 75% soybean biodiesel and 25% diesel (B75) and soybean biodiesel (B100). The properties density and kinematic viscosity were within the established limits of the National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels. A value of 39017 kJ.kg-1 was obtained, for the higher heating value of the soybean biodiesel (B100). It was obtained 32,05% of maximum efficiency of the second law, in the case of soybean biodiesel, at maximum pump speed and at 9,2 m3/h. For the B50 fuel, it was obtained 29,78% of maximum efficiency of the second law when the centrifugal pump operated at 2733 rpm and at a maximum flow rate.
Metacognitive Strategies for Developing Writing Skills
Authors: Yamson (MAED) Ellen P. , L. Borong (EdD) Norlyn 
Published: November 2022

Abstract- This study aims to determine the writing proficiency of 11th graders. The learning level and free writing were the main focuses of the research using Two-Level Factorial design. Three GAS sections totaled forty-five (45) student who were made respondents. Stratified sampling was used by the researchers to find individuals. The study instrument consisted of eight video clips. The researchers discussed environmental themes, drug abuse, teenage pregnancies, about OFWs, achievement, charity, religious belief, and poverty. To evaluate the writing skills of Grade 11 pupils, the following statistical methods were used: mean, standard deviation, t-test for dependent samples, one-way ANOVA, and two-way ANOVA. It was found that the students' writing skills in the pre-test, when the metacognitive technique was not yet applied, were typically very good in the organization and good ability was obtained in the element of mechanics in the three ways of correction. In the post-test (metacognitive strategy was used), all elements of writing increased the students' ability or had a significant increase. It was found that the intervention used had no effect on writing ability and the interaction had no significant and relevant effect on ability. The metacognitive technique employed in the study aids in the improvement of the students' proficiency with the five writing-related components. The researchers advised teachers to focus on improving their students' writing abilities.
Abstract- This study aims to determine the writing proficiency of 11th graders. The learning level and free writing were the main focuses of the research using Two-Level Factorial design. Three GAS sections totaled forty-five (45) student who were made respondents. Stratified sampling was used by the researchers to find individuals. The study instrument consisted of eight video clips. The researchers discussed environmental themes, drug abuse, teenage pregnancies, about OFWs, achievement, charity, religious belief, and poverty. To evaluate the writing skills of Grade 11 pupils, the following statistical methods were used: mean, standard deviation, t-test for dependent samples, one-way ANOVA, and two-way ANOVA. It was found that the students' writing skills in the pre-test, when the metacognitive technique was not yet applied, were typically very good in the organization and good ability was obtained in the element of mechanics in the three ways of correction. In the post-test (metacognitive strategy was used), all elements of writing increased the students' ability or had a significant increase. It was found that the intervention used had no effect on writing ability and the interaction had no significant and relevant effect on ability. The metacognitive technique employed in the study aids in the improvement of the students' proficiency with the five writing-related components. The researchers advised teachers to focus on improving their students' writing abilities.
The Effects of Miscarriage on Women’s Health
Authors: Rehena Parvin  , Mst. Tahmina Sultana  , Hossaion Shohal 
Published: November 2022

In generally we can say that the loss of pregnancy during the first 20 to 23 week is called miscarriage. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of miscarriage, reproductive tract and parity and gravidity on women's sexual life and also to know the effects of miscarriage on fertility rate. The study was cross-sectional study, which was done by within six month at the Natun Vuqta Malithia of the Sailkupa Upazila under Jhenaidah District who were affected by miscarriage. The total number of 100 women with the history of miscarriage was included in this study. Data was collected from field through direct interview and the method of data collection was case study method by using a well-developed semi-structured questionnaire. The data analysis was perform through by using software's Microsoft Excel. Among the 100 respondents 74% respondents first delivery were happened between the age 13-20 years and 33% respondents faced the problem during intercourse and among them 41% suffered from abdomen pain, 91% respondents faced problems after miscarriage, 31% respondents faced problem at first conception and 48% respondents have alive children more than one conception. 26% respondents lost their every pregnancy for occurring miscarriage and 81% faced problem to continue pregnancy after miscarriage, 66% could not identify the causes of miscarriage, 72% faced long time physical problem after her miscarriage and the higher 18% were suffering from uterine problems, 48% were suffering from complication like infection after miscarriage. 80% respondents faced heavy bleeding, 67% were suffering from dysmenorrheal. 31% respondents faced problem to attend in social program without having children due to miscarriage which affects on respondents psychological condition.
The 2016 Presidential Election, the Public Charge Rule, and Food and Nutrition Assistance Among Immigrant Households
Authors: Miller Daniel P. , John Rachel S. , Yao Mengni , Morris Melanie 
Published: November 2022

Objectives. To investigate whether the 2016 US presidential election and the subsequent leak of a proposed change to the public charge rule reduced immigrant families’ participation in food and nutrition assistance programs. Methods. We used nationally representative data on n = 57 808 households in the United States from the 2015–2018 Current Population Survey–Food Security Supplement. We implemented difference-in-difference-in-difference analyses to investigate whether the election and proposed rule change produced decreases in immigrant families’ participation in food and nutrition assistance programs and whether such decreases varied according to state policy generosity toward immigrants. Results. Findings indicate significant and large decreases in Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, School Breakfast Program, and National School Lunch Program participation among immigrants in moderately generous states but no changes to receipt of food assistance from nongovernmental sources or to household food insecurity. Conclusions. Both anti-immigrant rhetoric and the perceived threat of policy enactment can be enough to produce chilling effects that have potentially serious implications for the health of immigrant households and thus the health of the nation. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(12):1738–1746. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.307011 )
Changes in the Public Charge Rule and Health of Mothers and Infants Enrolled in New York State’s Medicaid Program, 2014‒2019
Authors: Wang Scarlett Sijia , Glied Sherry , Babcock Claudia , Chaudry Ajay 
Published: November 2022

Objectives. To examine the effect of the January 2017 leak of the federal government’s intent to broaden the public charge rule (making participation in some public programs a barrier to citizenship) on immigrant mothers and newborns in New York State. Methods. We used New York State Medicaid data (2014–2019) to measure the effects of the rule leak (January 2017) on Medicaid enrollment, health care utilization, and severe maternal morbidity among women who joined Medicaid during their pregnancies and on the birth weight of their newborns. We repeated our analyses using simulated measures of citizenship status. Results. We observed an immediate statewide delay in prenatal Medicaid enrollment by immigrant mothers (odds ratio = 1.49). Using predicted citizenship, we observed significantly larger declines in birth weight (−56 grams) among infants of immigrant mothers. Conclusions. Leak of the public charge rule was associated with a significant delay in prenatal Medicaid enrollment among immigrant women and a significant decrease in birth weight among their newborns. Local public health officials should consider expanding health access and outreach programs to immigrant communities during times of pervasive antiimmigrant sentiment. (Am J Public Health. 2022; 112(12):1747–1756. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.307066 )