bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scattering lifetime and high figure of merit in CsAgO predicted by methods beyond relaxation time approximation
Authors: Sharma Vineet Kumar , Kanchana V , Gupta Mayanak K , Mittal Ranjan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The electronic transport behaviour of CsAgO has been discussed using the theory beyond relaxation time approximation from room temperature to 800 K. Different scattering mechanisms such as acoustic deformation potential scattering, impurity phonon scattering, and polar optical phonon scattering are considered for calculating carrier scattering rates to predict the absolute values of thermoelectric coefficients. The scattering lifetime is of the order of 10−14 s. The lattice thermal transport properties like lattice thermal conductivity and phonon-lifetime have been evaluated. The calculated lattice thermal conductivity equals 0.12 and 0.18 W mK−1 along ‘a’ and ‘c’ axes, respectively, at room temperature, which is very low compared to state-of-the-art thermoelectric materials. The anisotropy in the electrical conductivity indicates that the holes are favourable for the out-of-plane thermoelectrics while the electrons for in-plane thermoelectrics. The thermoelectric figure of merit for holes and electrons is nearly same with a value higher than 1 at 800 K for different doping concentrations. The value of the thermoelectric figure of merit is significantly higher than the existing oxide materials, which might be appealing for future applications in CsAgO.
Monitoring of silicone adhesive in space solar cells with an embedded multi-parameter TFBG sensor in a simulated space environment
Authors: Fazzi Luigi , Dias Nuno , Holynska Malgorzata , Tighe Adrian , Rampini Riccardo , Groves Roger M 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this research the ageing of a silicone adhesive in a simulated space environment is monitored through an embedded three parameter tilted fibre Bragg grating (TFBG) sensor. Here, the silicone is used as an adhesive between two thin cover glasses, and the space environmental ageing is simulated by thermal cycles in high vacuum conditions (better than 10−5 mbar). These operational conditions can induce variations in the silicone adhesive with respect to its original properties such as dimensional stability, chemical composition, generated contaminants, discoloration and, mechanical or optical degradation. Therefore, surrounded by the adhesive, in the centre of the cover glass sandwich, a weakly tilted FBG sensor was placed to obtain information from its spectra on the state of the polymer during the test. Specifically, the temperature, strain and refractive index (RI) of the silicone can be, simultaneously and separately, measured from the spectrum of a single TFBG from selected resonance peaks. These parameters can be used to evaluate the ‘health’ state of the silicone during the vacuum thermal cycles. The simultaneous TFBG thermomechanical measurements gave a solution to the non-localized measuring issues when using classical fibre optic or electrical strain-gauges and a thermocouple to compensate the temperature and to better understand the material behaviour. The trends of the measured parameters are reported during the entire testing time, and at the end of the test, the optical fibre sensor measured a negative strain of ∼100 μϵ and a positive RI variation of ∼0.002.
A laser interferometer accelerometer for vibration sensitive cryogenic experiments
Authors: Bajpai R , Tomaru T , Yamamoto K , Ushiba T , Kimura N , Suzuki T , Yamada T , Honda T 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Monitoring motion originating from ultra low-temperature cooling systems like cryocoolers is important for vibration sensitive cryogenic experiments like KAGRA. Since no high sensitivity commercial cryogenic accelerometers are available, we developed a compact self-calibrating accelerometer with a Michelson interferometer readout for cryogenic use. Change in calibration factor and drop in interferometer output originating from temperature drop were the main concerns which were tackled. Sensitivity of

3.38
×

10

−
11

m/

H
z

at 1 Hz was achieved at 300 K. The accelerometer was tested inside the KAGRA cryostat; showed stable operation down to 12 K in 0.1–100 Hz band with only 1% visibility drop. Our accelerometer can be employed in low vibration cryogenic environment for a multitude of applications.
Facile electrooxidation of ethanol on reduced graphene oxide supported Pt–Pd bimetallic nanocomposite surfaces in acidic media
Authors: Yellatur Chandra Sekhar , Padmasale Raghavendra , T Maiyalagan , Loka Subramanyam Sarma 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Development of electrocatalysts with extended homogeneity and improved metal–support interactions is of urgent scientific need in the context of electrochemical energy applications. Herein, bimetallic Pt–Pd nanoparticles with good homogeneity are fabricated using a convenient solution phase chemical reduction method onto a reduced graphene oxide (rGO) support. X-ray diffraction studies revealed that Pt–Pd/rGO possesses the crystallite size of 3.1 nm. The efficacies of Pt–Pd/rGO catalyst (20 wt% Pt + 10 wt% Pd on rGO support, Pt:Pd atomic ratio = 1:1) towards ethanol electrooxidation reaction (EOR) are evaluated in acidic conditions by cyclic voltammetry using catalyst-coated glassy carbon electrode as a working electrode. With the better dispersion on rGO support the Pt–Pd/rGO nancomposite catalyst exhibit highest mass specific activity (0.358 mA/µg-Pt) which is observed to be 1.9 times of similarly synthesized 20 wt% Pt/rGO (0.189 mA/µg-Pt) and 2.5 times of commercial 20 wt% Pt/C (0.142 mA/µg-Pt), respectively. Apart from the observed improved EOR activity, the Pt–Pd/rGO catalyst exhibited better stability than Pt/rGO and Pt/C catalysts. Strong synergy offered by Pt, Pd and rGO support could contribute to the observed higher EOR activity of Pt–Pd/rGO.
Assessing the concepts of electricity and magnetism of science and engineering students
Authors: Ozdes Koca Nazife 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This work is aimed to assess the performance of two groups of students from colleges of Science, Education and Engineering on the understanding of electricity and magnetism concepts. To conduct this assessment, the Electricity and Magnetism Conceptual Assessment (EMCA) test was implemented twice as a pre-test and a post-test for two calculus-based physics-2 courses offered at the Sultan Qaboos University in Oman in the Spring & Fall 2019 semesters. These courses cover the topics of electricity, magnetism and partly thermal physics. The normalized gains for both groups of students are in the medium gain category. The performance of genders in the EMCA is not statistically distinguishable. The students’ misconceptions are identified and compared with those obtained elsewhere.
Measurement of the characteristics of the Earth’s magnetic field using a smartphone magnetic sensor
Authors: Koblischka Michael R , Koblischka-Veneva Anjela 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Several properties of Earth’s magnetic field (field vectors, time dependence) are measured in various locations using a smartphone/tablet magnetic sensor. To enable a proper use of the magnetic sensor as a classroom tool, the exact location of the sensor in the device and its resolution must be identified in a first step. Then, students may perform several measurements on their own, allowing a comparison of the recorded field vectors and a discussion of the possible deviations. We also show that long-time measurements of the local magnetic field are possible using the smartphone sensors, which can be compared to available internet data. All the information obtained enables a better understanding of the properties of the Earth’s magnetic field and of the requirements for real applications of magnetic sensor elements.
Active learning-guided exploration of parameter space of air plasmas to enhance the energy efficiency of NO
x
production
Authors: Shao Ketong , Pei Xuekai , Graves David B , Mesbah Ali 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Low temperature, air plasmas have shown promise for production of NO
x
for nitrogen fixation. However, to make nitrogen fixation via air plasmas economically viable, a major challenge arises from reducing the energy cost of NO
x
generation, which is a complex function of a multitude of factors including the plasma discharge type, discharge operating parameters and presence of heterogeneous catalysts. This paper presents an active learning (AL) approach for exploring the multivariable and highly nonlinear parameter space of low temperature plasmas (LTPs) in a systematic and efficient manner. The proposed AL approach relies on Bayesian optimization, which is a data-driven optimization method that is particularly suited for optimizing black-box functions constructed from noisy observations. We demonstrate the AL approach for querying the parameter space of a DC pin-to-pin glow discharge in order to enhance the energy efficiency of NO
x
production. It is observed that, given a fixed experimental budget, AL consistently outperforms random search of the parameter space in terms of minimizing the energy cost or maximizing the rate of NO
x
generation in the presence of a constraint on discharge power. AL approaches can pave the way for automated and efficient exploration of the high-dimensional parameter space of LTPs, towards establishing insights into their complex behaviors.
Semi-active control of nonlinear smart base-isolated structures using MR damper: sensitivity and reliability analyses
Authors: Etedali Sadegh , Zamani Abbas-Ali 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Semi-active control of base-isolated structures using magneto-rheological (MR) dampers is well studied in recent years. However, there is a study gap for sensitivity and reliability analyses assessment of the structure in the literature. Besides, the reliability analysis of the structures based on the importance of the building from a user perspective categorized into three groups including very high, high, and medium is an interesting topic that is considered in this study. Extension of the study for the case of uncontrolled base-isolated structures and controlled ones in both passive-off and passive-on modes of the MR dampers and tuning the command voltage of the MR dampers by a multi-objective modified clipped optimal (MOMCO) controller are also addressed in this paper in different seismic hazard regions with different peak ground accelerations. The Monte Carlo simulation-based Sobol’s indices and importance sampling (IS) method are applied for the sensitivity and reliability analyses. Studies are conducted on an eight-story nonlinear base-isolated structure. The sensitivity analyses show the main seismic responses are more influenced by the changing uncertainties of the stochastic ground acceleration; the mass, and stiffness of the structural model; and the yield force of the isolation system. MR dampers can significantly reduce the failure probabilities of the structures in different seismic hazard regions. By increasing seismic hazard, an increment is observed in failure probability. Enhancing the importance of the building from medium to very-high status leads to an increase in the failure probabilities of the structure in all cases. However, the performance of three control cases in reducing the failure probabilities of the structure is often increased. The MOMCO controller and passive-on mode represent fewer failure probabilities than the uncontrolled and passive-off mode in different seismic hazard regions and groups. However, the MOMCO gives the best performance in the reduction of failure probabilities.
Search for a lighter neutral custodial fiveplet scalar in the Georgi-Machacek model *
Authors: Wang Chu , Tao Jun-Quan , Shahzad M. Aamir , Chen Guo-Ming , Gascon-Shotkin S. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Many researches from both theoretical and experimental perspectives have been performed to search for a new Higgs Boson that is lighter than the 125

Higgs boson, which was discovered at the LHC in 2012. In this study, we explore the possibility of constraining a lighter neutral custodial fiveplet scalar

in the Georgi-Machacek (GM) model using the latest results of the search for a lighter Higgs boson decaying into two photons from LHC data. The custodial-singlet mass eigenstate h or H is considered to be the LHC observed 125

Higgs boson. A new set of constrained parameters that is favoured by low-mass

is proposed to generate events efficiently. The production of

from a scan based on the constrained parameters is compared to the latest results of the search for a lighter Higgs boson decaying into two photons by the CMS Collaboration after applying theoretical constraints from the GM model and constraints from all existing relevant experimental measurements, including the recent results of the Higgs boson searches by the LHC. Numerical analyses of the surviving GM parameter space are performed. The tendencies and correlations of the GM input parameters from phenomenological studies are summarized. In addition, the discovery potential of the other interesting decay channels of this low-mass neutral custodial fiveplet scalar are discussed.
Pulse amplification in a closed-loop Λ system with permanent dipole moments
Authors: Daloi Nilamoni , Das Partha , Dey Tarak Nath 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Propagation of a weak Gaussian probe pulse through a closed-loop Λ system with permanent dipole moments (PDMs) is investigated in presence of a strong control field along with a third field. The presence of PDMs allows multiphoton excitation, which is otherwise forbidden. The PDMs modify the Rabi frequencies of the probe, control, and the third field inside the medium which noticeably affects the propagation of the probe pulse. The probe pulse is amplified during propagation with its Gaussian shape intact. Due to unprohibited two-photon excitation, it is possible to amplify a probe pulse whose frequency is twice the control field’s frequency, with the help of the third field.
International interlaboratory comparison of Raman spectroscopic analysis of CVD-grown graphene
Authors: Turner Piers , Paton Keith R , Legge Elizabeth J , de Luna Bugallo Andres , Rocha-Robledo A K S , Zahab Ahmed-Azmi , Centeno Alba , Sacco Alessio , Pesquera Amaia , Zurutuza Amaia , Rossi Andrea Mario , Tran Diana N H , L Silva Diego , Losic Dusan , Farivar Farzaneh , Kerdoncuff Hugo , Kwon Hyuksang , Pirart Jerome , Campos João Luiz E , Subhedar Kiran M , Tay Li-Lin , Ren Lingling , Cançado Luiz Gustavo , Paillet Matthieu , Finnie Paul , Yap Pei Lay , Arenal Raul , Dhakate Sanjay R , Wood Sebastian , Jiménez-Sandoval Sergio , Batten Tim , Nagyte Vaiva , Yao Yaxuan , Hight Walker Angela R , Martins Ferreira Erlon H , Casiraghi Cinzia , Pollard Andrew J 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
There is a pressing need for reliable, reproducible and accurate measurements of graphene’s properties, through international standards, to facilitate industrial growth. However, trustworthy and verified standards require rigorous metrological studies, determining, quantifying and reducing the sources of measurement uncertainty. Towards this effort, we report the procedure and the results of an international interlaboratory comparison (ILC) study, conducted under Versailles Project on Advanced Materials and Standards. This ILC focusses on the comparability of Raman spectroscopy measurements of chemical vapour deposition (CVD) grown graphene using the same measurement protocol across different institutes and laboratories. With data gathered from 17 participants across academia, industry (including instrument manufacturers) and national metrology institutes, this study investigates the measurement uncertainty contributions from both Raman spectroscopy measurements and data analysis procedures, as well as provides solutions for improved accuracy and precision. While many of the reported Raman metrics were relatively consistent, significant and meaningful outliers occurred due to differences in the instruments and data analysis. These variations resulted in inconsistent reports of peak intensity ratios, peak widths and the coverage of graphene. Due to a lack of relative intensity calibration, the relative difference reported in the 2D- and G peak intensity ratios (

I

2

D

/

I

G

) was up to 200%. It was also shown that the standard deviation for

Γ

2

D

values reported by different software packages, was 15× larger for Lorentzian fit functions than for pseudo-Voigt functions. This study has shown that by adopting a relative intensity calibration and consistent peak fitting and data analysis methodologies, these large, and previously unquantified, variations can be significantly reduced, allowing more reproducible and comparable measurements for the graphene community, supporting fundamental research through to the growing graphene industry worldwide. This project and its findings directly underpin the development of the ISO/IEC standard ‘DTS 21356-2—Nanotechnologies—Structural Characterisation of CVD-grown Graphene’.
A geometry-guided multi-beamlet deep learning technique for CT reconstruction
Authors: Lu Ke , Ren Lei , Yin Fang-Fang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Purpose. Previous studies have proposed deep-learning techniques to reconstruct CT images from sinograms. However, these techniques employ large fully-connected (FC) layers for projection-to-image domain transformation, producing large models requiring substantial computation power, potentially exceeding the computation memory limit. Our previous work proposed a geometry-guided-deep-learning (GDL) technique for CBCT reconstruction that reduces model size and GPU memory consumption. This study further develops the technique and proposes a novel multi-beamlet deep learning (GMDL) technique of improved performance. The study compares the proposed technique with the FC layer-based deep learning (FCDL) method and the GDL technique through low-dose real-patient CT image reconstruction. Methods. Instead of using a large FC layer, the GMDL technique learns the projection-to-image domain transformation by constructing many small FC layers. In addition to connecting each pixel in the projection domain to beamlet points along the central beamlet in the image domain as GDL does, these smaller FC layers in GMDL connect each pixel to beamlets peripheral to the central beamlet based on the CT projection geometry. We compare ground truth images with low-dose images reconstructed with the GMDL, the FCDL, the GDL, and the conventional FBP methods. The images are quantitatively analyzed in terms of peak-signal-to-noise-ratio (PSNR), structural-similarity-index-measure (SSIM), and root-mean-square-error (RMSE). Results. Compared to other methods, the GMDL reconstructed low-dose CT images show improved image quality in terms of PSNR, SSIM, and RMSE. The optimal number of peripheral beamlets for the GMDL technique is two beamlets on each side of the central beamlet. The model size and memory consumption of the GMDL model is less than 1/100 of the FCDL model. Conclusion. Compared to the FCDL method, the GMDL technique is demonstrated to be able to reconstruct real patient low-dose CT images of improved image quality with significantly reduced model size and GPU memory requirement.
Hydrogel and nanoparticle carriers for kidney disease therapy: trends and recent advancements
Authors: Gu Xurui , Liu Zhen , Tai Yifan , Zhou Ling-yun , Liu Kun , Kong Deling , Midgley Adam C , Zuo Xiao-cong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Achieving local therapeutic agent concentration in the kidneys through traditional systemic administration routes have associated concerns with off-target drug effects and toxicity. Additionally, kidney diseases are often accompanied by co-morbidities in other major organs, which negatively impacts drug metabolism and clearance. To circumvent these issues, kidney-specific targeting of therapeutics aims to achieve the delivery of controlled doses of therapeutic agents, such as drugs, nucleic acids, peptides, or proteins, to kidney tissues in a safe and efficient manner. Current carrier material approaches implement macromolecular and polyplex hydrogel constructs, prodrug strategies, and nanoparticle (NP)-based delivery technologies. In the context of multidisciplinary and cross-discipline innovations, the medical and bioengineering research fields have facilitated the rapid development of kidney-targeted therapies and carrier materials. In this review, we summarize the current trends and recent advancements made in the development of carrier materials for kidney disease targeted therapies, specifically hydrogel and NP-based strategies for acute kidney disease, chronic kidney disease, and renal cell carcinoma. Additionally, we discuss the current limitations in carrier materials and their delivery mechanisms.
A Matched Analysis of the Association Between Federally Mandated Smoke-Free Housing Policies and Health Outcomes Among Medicaid-Enrolled Children in Subsidized Housing, New York City, 2015–2019
Authors: Titus Andrea R , Mijanovich Tod N , Terlizzi Kelly , Ellen Ingrid G , Anastasiou Elle , Shelley Donna , Wyka Katarzyna , Elbel Brian , Thorpe Lorna E 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Smoke-free housing policies are intended to reduce the deleterious health effects of secondhand smoke exposure, but there is limited evidence regarding their health impacts. We examined associations between implementation of a federal smoke-free housing rule by the New York City Housing Authority (NYCHA) and pediatric Medicaid claims for asthma, lower respiratory tract infections, and upper respiratory tract infections in the early post–policy intervention period. We used geocoded address data to match children living in tax lots with NYCHA buildings (exposed to the policy) to children living in lots with other subsidized housing (unexposed to the policy). We constructed longitudinal difference-in-differences models to assess relative changes in monthly rates of claims between November 1, 2015, and December 31, 2019 (the policy was introduced on July 30, 2018). We also examined effect modification by baseline age group (≤2, 3–6, or 7–15 years). In New York City, introduction of a smoke-free policy was not associated with lower rates of Medicaid claims for any outcomes in the early postpolicy period. Exposure to the smoke-free policy was associated with slightly higher than expected rates of outpatient upper respiratory tract infection claims (incidence rate ratio = 1.05, 95% confidence interval: 1.01, 1.08), a result most pronounced among children aged 3–6 years. Ongoing monitoring is essential to understanding long-term health impacts of smoke-free housing policies.