bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Penrose junction conditions with $$\Lambda $$: geometric insights into low-regularity metrics for impulsive gravitational waves
Authors: Podolský Jiří , Steinbauer Roland 
Published: September 2022

AbstractImpulsive gravitational waves in Minkowski space were introduced by Roger Penrose at the end of the 1960s, and have been widely studied over the decades. Here we focus on nonexpanding waves which later have been generalized to impulses traveling in all constant-curvature backgrounds, i.e., the (anti-)de Sitter universe. While Penrose’s original construction was based on his vivid geometric “scissors-and-paste” approach in a flat background, until recently a comparably powerful visualization and understanding has been missing in the case with a cosmological constant $${\Lambda \not =0}$$

Λ
≠
0

. Here we review the original Penrose construction and its generalization to non-vanishing $$\Lambda $$
Λ
in a pedagogical way, as well as the recently established visualization: A special family of global null geodesics defines an appropriate comoving coordinate system that allows to relate the distributional to the continuous form of the metric.
Escin suppresses immune cell infiltration and selectively modulates Nrf2/HO-1, TNF-α/JNK, and IL-22/STAT3 signaling pathways in concanavalin A-induced autoimmune hepatitis in mice
Authors: Elshal Mahmoud , Hazem Sara H. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe current study aims to investigate the possible protective effect of escin, the active constituent of a natural mixture of triterpene saponin glycoside, against immune-mediated hepatitis driven by concanavalin A (Con A) and to elucidate its possible underlying mechanisms. Adult male mice were administered Con A (15 mg/kg, intravenously) for 8 h. In the treated groups, mice were pretreated with escin daily (10 mg/kg in CMC, orally) for 4 days before Con A intoxication. In addition, escin was administered in a group to examine its effect on normal mice. Our results showed that escin inhibited Con A-induced elevation in liver enzymes (ALT, AST, and LDH) and curbed the Con A-induced hepatocyte necrosis and apoptosis together with abrogating the death pathway, JNK. Coincidentally, escin has shown a reduction in neutrophil, CD4+ T cell, and monocyte infiltration into the liver. In addition, escin modulated the cellular oxidant status by compensating for the Con A-depleted expression of the transcription factor Nrf2 and the stress protein hemeoxygenase-1. These effects were in good agreement with the restraining effect of escin on Con A-instigated overexpression of NF-κB and the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-17A. Interestingly, Con A provoked the cellular protective pathway IL-22/STAT3, which was revoked by the escin pretreatment. In conclusion, escin shows extended antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antinecrotic, and anti-apoptotic effects against Con A-induced immune-mediated hepatitis. These effects may collectively be via suppressing immune cell infiltration into the liver and selective modulation of Nrf2/HO-1, TNF-α/NF-κB, TNF-α/JNK, and IL-22/STAT3 signaling pathways.
pH-responsive cinnamaldehyde-TiO2 nanotube coating: fabrication and functions in a simulated diabetes condition
Authors: Lee Yichen , Huang Jingyan , Bing Zhaoxia , Yuan Kaiting , Yang Jinghong , Cai Min , Zhou Shiqi , Yang Bo , Teng Wei , Li Weichang , Wang Yan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCurrent evidence has suggested that diabetes increases the risk of implanting failure, and therefore, appropriate surface modification of dental implants in patients with diabetes is crucial. TiO2 nanotube (TNT) has an osteogenic nanotopography, and its osteogenic properties can be further improved by loading appropriate drugs. Cinnamaldehyde (CIN) has been proven to have osteogenic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-bacterial effects. We fabricated a pH-responsive cinnamaldehyde-TiO2 nanotube coating (TNT-CIN) and hypothesized that this coating will exert osteogenic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-bacterial functions in a simulated diabetes condition. TNT-CIN was constructed by anodic oxidation, hydroxylation, silylation, and Schiff base reaction to bind CIN, and its surface characteristics were determined. Conditions of diabetes and diabetes with a concurrent infection were simulated using 22-mM glucose without and with 1-μg/mL lipopolysaccharide, respectively. The viability and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, polarization and secretion of macrophages, and resistance to Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus mutans were evaluated. CIN was bound to the TNT surface successfully and released better in low pH condition. TNT-CIN showed better osteogenic and anti-inflammatory effects and superior bacterial resistance than TNT in a simulated diabetes condition. These findings indicated that TNT-CIN is a promising, multifunctional surface coating for patients with diabetes needing dental implants.
Conditions for the stability of ideal efficient solutions in parametric vector optimization via set-valued inclusions
Authors: Uderzo Amos 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn present paper, an analysis of the stability behaviour of ideal efficient solutions to parametric vector optimization problems is conducted. A sufficient condition for the existence of ideal efficient solutions to locally perturbed problems and their nearness to a given reference value is provided by refining recent results on the stability theory of parameterized set-valued inclusions. More precisely, the Lipschitz lower semicontinuity property of the solution mapping is established, with an estimate of the related modulus. A notable consequence of this fact is the calmness behaviour of the ideal value mapping associated to the parametric class of vector optimization problems. Within such an analysis, a refinement of a recent existence result, specific for ideal efficient solutions to unperturbed problem and enhanced by related error bounds, is discussed. Some connections with the concept of robustness in multi-objective optimization are also sketched.
Accurate Calibration of Nuclear Recoils at the 100 eV Scale Using Neutron Capture
Authors: Wagner V. ,   on behalf of the CRAB Collaboration
Published: September 2022

AbstractSearches for light dark matter (DM) and studies of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) imply the detection of nuclear recoils in the 100 eV range. However, an absolute energy calibration in this regime is still missing. The CRAB project proposes a method based on nuclear recoils induced by the emission of an MeV gamma following thermal neutron capture. A detailed feasibility study has shown that this method yields distinct nuclear recoil calibration peaks at 112 eV and 160 eV above background for tungsten. In the first phase, the CRAB project foresees to perform a nuclear recoil calibration of cryogenic CaWO4 detectors read-out by TES, similar to the detectors used in CRESST and NUCLEUS. The low-power TRIGA reactor in Vienna provides a clean beam of thermal neutrons well suited for such a measurement. Newly developed and compact sub-keV calibration sources based on x-ray fluorescence (XRF) provide an absolute energy calibration during operation at the research reactor as well as in the DM/CEvNS experiments. In the second phase, additional tagging of the photons produced in the de-excitation process will allow extending the calibration method to even lower energies and to a wider range of detector materials, such as Ge. Combined with the XRF source, CRAB may allow measuring energy quenching in the sub-keV regime.
Operation of an Archaeological Lead PbWO$$_4$$ Crystal to Search for Neutrinos from Astrophysical Sources with a Transition Edge Sensor
Authors: Ferreiro Iachellini N. , Pattavina L. , Abdelhameed A. H. , Bento A. , Canonica L. , Danevich F. , Dubovik O. M. , Fuchs D. , Garai A. , Mancuso M. , Petricca F. , Tupitsyna I. A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe experimental detection of the CE$$\nu$$
ν
NS allows the investigation of neutrinos and neutrino sources with all-flavor sensitivity. Given its large content in neutrons and stability, Pb is a very appealing choice as target element. The presence of the radioisotope $$^{210}$$

210

Pb (T$$_{1/2}\sim$$

1
/
2

∼

22 yrs) makes natural Pb unsuitable for low-background, low-energy event searches. This limitation can be overcome employing Pb of archaeological origin, where several half-lives of $$^{210}$$

210

Pb have gone by. We present results of a cryogenic measurement of a 15 g PbWO$$_4$$

4

crystal, grown with archaeological Pb (older than $$\sim$$
∼
2000 yrs) that achieved a sub-keV nuclear recoil detection threshold. A ton-scale experiment employing such material, with a detection threshold for nuclear recoils of just 1 keV would probe the entire Milky Way for SuperNovae, with equal sensitivity for all neutrino flavors, allowing the study of the core of such exceptional events.
Design of the SPT-SLIM Focal Plane: A Spectroscopic Imaging Array for the South Pole Telescope
Authors: Barry P. S. , Anderson A. , Benson B. , Carlstrom J. E. , Cecil T. , Chang C. , Dobbs M. , Hollister M. , Karkare K. S. , Keating G. K. , Marrone D. , McMahon J. , Montgomery J. , Pan Z. , Robson G. , Rouble M. , Shirokoff E. , Smecher G. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Summertime Line Intensity Mapper (SLIM) is a mm-wave line-intensity mapping (mm-LIM) experiment for the South Pole Telescope (SPT). The goal of SPT-SLIM is to serve as a technical and scientific pathfinder for the demonstration of the suitability and in-field performance of multi-pixel superconducting filterbank spectrometers for future mm-LIM experiments. Scheduled to deploy in the 2023-24 austral summer, the SPT-SLIM focal plane will include 18 dual-polarisation pixels, each coupled to an $$R = \lambda / \Delta \lambda = 300$$

R
=
λ
/
Δ
λ
=
300

thin-film microstrip filterbank spectrometer that spans the 2 mm atmospheric window (120–180 GHz). Each individual spectral channel feeds a microstrip-coupled lumped-element kinetic inductance detector, which provides the highly multiplexed readout for the 10k detectors needed for SPT-SLIM. Here, we present an overview of the preliminary design of key aspects of the SPT-SLIM focal plane array, a description of the detector architecture and predicted performance, and initial test results that will be used to inform the final design of the SPT-SLIM spectrometer array.
Teachers Can Make a Difference in Bullying: Effects of Teacher Interventions on Students’ Adoption of Bully, Victim, Bully-Victim or Defender Roles across Time
Authors: Burger Christoph , Strohmeier Dagmar , Kollerová Lenka 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSchool bullying is a serious problem worldwide, but little is known about how teacher interventions influence the adoption of bullying-related student roles. This study surveyed 750 early adolescents (50.5% female; average age: 12.9 years, SD = 0.4) from 39 classrooms in two waves, six months apart. Peer ratings of classmates were used to categorize students to five different bullying-related roles (criterion: >1 SD): bully, victim, bully-victim, defender, and non-participant. Student ratings of teachers were used to obtain class-level measures of teacher interventions: non-intervention, disciplinary sanctions, group discussion, and mediation/victim support. Controlling for student- and class-level background variables, two multilevel multinomial logistic regression analyses were computed to predict students’ bullying-related roles at wave 2. In the static model, predictors were teacher interventions at wave 1, and in the dynamic model, predictors were teacher intervention changes across time. The static model showed that disciplinary sanctions reduced the likelihood of being a bully or victim, and group discussion raised the likelihood of being a defender. Mediation/victim support raised the likelihood of being a bully. The dynamic model complemented these results by indicating that increases in group discussion across time raised the likelihood of being a defender, whereas increases in non-intervention across time raised the likelihood of being a victim and reduced the likelihood of being a defender. These results show that teacher interventions have distinct effects on students’ adoption of bullying-related roles and could help to better target intervention strategies. The findings carry practical implications for the professional training of prospective and current teachers.
Inducing and blocking the goal to belong in an experimental setting: goal disengagement research using Cyberball
Authors: Rühs Farina , Greve Werner , Kappes Cathleen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn the present research, the Cyberball ostracism paradigm was adapted for experimental goal disengagement (GD) research: the goal to belong to a particular group is first induced in participants (via social interaction) and then blocked (via social exclusion) to trigger GD processes. In an online group setting, we experimentally tested the procedure’s suitability to investigate goal disengagement processes. A pilot study demonstrated successful induction of the goal to belong. In the main study (N = 180), exclusion from the group reduced participants’ perceived goal attainability (indicating goal blockage) and desirability (indicating goal disengagement) and their well-being. Regarding the regulatory functions of GD, results were mixed. During work on individual tasks, goal desirability decreased further and well-being was largely restored. However, GD changes were correlated only with changes in negative affect (and not other well-being measures). Findings suggest the procedure’s suitability for studying GD experimentally and employing it to investigate other measures of GD processes and their functionality in more detail.
Relapse patterns and radiation dose exposure in IDH wild-type glioblastoma at first radiographic recurrence following chemoradiation
Authors: Shidoh Satoka , Savjani Ricky R. , Cho Nicholas S. , Ullman Henrik E. , Hagiwara Akifumi , Raymond Catalina , Lai Albert , Nghiemphu Phionah L. , Liau Linda M. , Pope Whitney B. , Cloughesy Timothy F. , Kaprealian Tania B. , Salamon Noriko , Ellingson Benjamin M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To quantify the radiation dose distribution and lesion morphometry (shape) at baseline, prior to chemoradiation, and at the time of radiographic recurrence in patients with glioblastoma (GBM).

Methods
The IMRT dose distribution, location of the center of mass, sphericity, and solidity of the contrast enhancing tumor at baseline and the time of tumor recurrence was quantified in 48 IDH wild-type GBM who underwent postoperative IMRT (2 Gy daily for total of 60 Gy) with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide.

Results
Average radiation dose within enhancing tumor at baseline and recurrence was ≥ 60 Gy. Centroid location of the enhancing tumor shifted an average of 11.3 mm at the time of recurrence with respect to pre-IMRT location. A positive correlation was observed between change in centroid location and PFS in MGMT methylated patients (P = 0.0007) and Cox multivariate regression confirmed centroid distance from baseline was associated with PFS when accounting for clinical factors (P = 0.0189). Lesion solidity was higher at recurrence compared to baseline (P = 0.0118). Tumors that progressed > 12 weeks after IMRT were significantly more spherical (P = 0.0094).

Conclusion
Most GBMs recur local within therapeutic IMRT doses; however, tumors with longer PFS occurred further from the original tumor location and were more solid and/or nodular.
Orthogonal Cauchy-like matrices
Authors: Fasino Dario 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCauchy-like matrices arise often as building blocks in decomposition formulas and fast algorithms for various displacement-structured matrices. A complete characterization for orthogonal Cauchy-like matrices is given here. In particular, we show that orthogonal Cauchy-like matrices correspond to eigenvector matrices of certain symmetric matrices related to the solution of secular equations. Moreover, the construction of orthogonal Cauchy-like matrices is related to that of orthogonal rational functions with variable poles.
Nasal Irrigation Delivery in Three Post-FESS Models From a Squeeze-bottle Using CFD
Authors: Salati Hana , Singh Narinder , Khamooshi Mehrdad , Vahaji Sara , Fletcher David F. , Inthavong Kiao 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Nasal saline irrigation is highly recommended in patients following functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) to aid the postoperative recovery. Post-FESS patients have significantly altered anatomy leading to markedly different flow dynamics from those found in pre-op or non-diseased airways, resulting in unknown flow dynamics.

Methods
This work investigated how the liquid stream disperses through altered nasal cavities following surgery using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). A realistic squeeze profile was determined from physical experiments with a 27-year-old male using a squeeze bottle with load sensors. The administration technique involved a head tilt of 45-degrees forward to represent a head position over a sink. After the irrigation event that lasted 4.5 s, the simulation continued for an additional 1.5 s, with the head orientation returning to an upright position.

Results
The results demonstrated that a large maxillary sinus ostium on the right side allows saline penetration into this sinus. The increased volume of saline entering the maxillary sinus limits the saline volume available to the rest of the sinonasal cavity and reduces the surface coverage of the other paranasal sinuses. The average wall shear stress was higher on the right side than on the other side for two patients. The results also revealed that head position alters the sinuses’ saline residual, especially the frontal sinuses.

Conclusion
While greater access to sinuses is achieved through FESS surgery, patients without a nasal septum limits posterior sinus penetration due to the liquid crossing over to the contralateral cavity and exiting the nasal cavity early.
What Libertarians (Should) Think About Inheritance Taxation
Authors: Twele Marcel 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRecently, there has been an effort to make libertarianism compatible with a redistributive inheritance tax: When the tax is levied, the taxpayer in question is already dead and as such she cannot be a bearer of rights. The state is therefore allowed to redistribute the (value of) the estate according to some distributive principle. I consider (and finally dismiss) four successive arguments, each concluding that the state is allowed to use the estate for redistributive purposes. I show that neither of them is able to reconcile (right-) libertarianism with a redistributive inheritance tax. Instead of trying to square the circle, proponents of such a tax should meet the theoretical essentials of (right-) libertarianism head-on.
Progression in Self-Efficacy, Interest, Identity, Sense of Belonging, Perceived Recognition and Effectiveness of Peer Interaction of Physics Majors and Comparison with Non-Majors and Ph.D. Students
Authors: Whitcomb Kyle M. , Maries Alexandru , Singh Chandralekha 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe importance of science beliefs such as self-efficacy, interest, identity, sense of belonging, perceived recognition and effectiveness of peer interaction in science education has been increasingly recognized in recent years. Self-efficacy, interest, and identity can be considered students’ internal beliefs, and sense of belonging, perceived recognition and effectiveness of peer interaction relate to students’ perception of the inclusiveness of the instructional environment. Prior studies in physics education regarding these beliefs have focused primarily on introductory physics courses. Here, we use five years of data from a validated survey administered to non-majors (in courses with physics majors) during their first year, physics majors throughout their undergraduate education, and first-year physics Ph.D. students at a large research university in the United States. We find that physics majors in the first year responded to the survey prompts more positively than their non-physics major peers who were in the same introductory courses, with the largest differences in perceived recognition, interest, and physics identity and somewhat smaller differences in self-efficacy, perception of peer interaction, and sense of belonging. Further, the average survey responses of physics majors for each belief remain largely constant over time from their first year of the undergraduate curriculum through the last year and comparable to the Ph.D. students. This suggests that students are adjusting their interpretation of the survey items to match the current level of expertise expected of them in the course in which the survey was administered. One exception occurs in the second year, when peer interaction and sense of belonging reach a minimum. This may be the case because the second year is a particularly difficult time for students as they adjust to classes consisting primarily of physics majors. Moreover, physics identity dips to the lowest value in the fourth year when many students are contemplating continuing in physics beyond their undergraduate years or switching fields. We also find that, consistent with prior studies with introductory students, perceived recognition is the best predictor of physics identity for physics majors throughout their entire physics education, pointing to the importance of instructors making a concerted effort to recognize and affirm their students throughout their education.
Neoliberalism and Radical Rights: On the Work and Theory of Law and Organising
Authors: Fay William 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article aims to contribute to scholarship regarding the critique of rights through the examination of the role of rights discourse in the furtherance of what is generally termed ‘community organising’—in particular, tenant organising—in the social and political context of neoliberalism. Conceptions of neoliberalism advanced in the work of David Harvey, Michel Foucault, Wendy Brown, and Bonnie Honig are synthesised to explicate the material and discursive role of law in the maintenance and furtherance of the neoliberal project. The article assesses the left-legal critique of rights presented primarily through the Critical Legal Studies Movement alongside the role of legal practice and legal discourse in countering neoliberalism. The article argues that rights claims concerning collective organisation, such as those commonly afforded to workers and trade unions, present a unique exception to the left-legal critique of rights in providing the means by which oppressive social relations may not only be remedies, but overcome. The works of Chantal Mouffe and of Roberto Unger are instructive in this regard and are placed in conversation with theories of community and labour organising. The article concludes by sketching the application of this conception of organising rights to the problem of housing and tenants’ rights under neoliberalism.