bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Greenhouse Screening of Turfgrass Species and Cultivars Grown in Alkaline Soil
Authors: Lindgren D. T. , Schaaf D. M. , Shearman R. C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Alkaline soils in Nebraska reduce crop yields and lower aesthetic values of ornamentals and turf (2). Chlorosis associated with alkaline soils occurs in many plants and influences plant growth and development by reducing photosynthetic efficiency (1). Data for turfgrass species and cultivar growth at high pH would be useful.
Beta III Carrot
Authors: Peterson C. E. , Simon P. W. , Rubatzky V. E. , Strandberg J. O. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The open pollinated carrot (Daucus carota L.) ‘Beta III’ was released and widely distributed in 1986, primarily for its value as a garden cultivar and for an improved source of carotenes for providing vitamin A. It is a promising population for breeders to extract inbred lines for improved hybrids.
‘Dayton’ Apple
Authors: Korban Schuyler Safi , Janick Jules , Williams Edwin B. , Emerson Frank H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Dayton’ is an attractive red apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) with field immunity to apple scab incited by Venturia inaequalis (Cke) Wint. This apple is named in honor of Daniel F. Dayton, Emeritus Professor and longtime leader of the disease-resistance apple breeding program at the Univ. of Illinois.
‘Williams’ Pride’ Apple
Authors: Janick Jules , Emerson Frank H. , Pecknold Paul C. , Crosby Jeffrey A. , Korban Schuyler Safi , Dayton Daniel F. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Williams’ Pride’ is an early-maturing, attractive, dark red apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) with excellent fruit quality and field immunity to apple scab incited by Venturia inaequalis (Cke.) Wint. The fruit is of medium to large size and matures with the very earliest known commercial red cultivars in the midwestern United States. It ripens 1 week after ‘Lodi’ and 7.5 to 8 weeks before ‘Delicious’. ‘Williams’ Pride’ is released as a potential commercial cultivar for use as a summer dessert apple. The apple is named in honor of Edwin B. Williams, Emeritus Professor and long time leader of the disease-resistant apple breeding program at Purdue Univ.
‘Red-N-Sweet’ Watermelon
Authors: Johnson C. E. , Lancaster D. M. , Young W. A. , Sundstrom F. J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Red-N-Sweet’ is a high quality, Vermillion red-fleshed watermelon for local markets and home gardeners. Fruit reaches maturity in about 85 days from seeding. This cultivar has shown good field resistance to fusarium wilt [Fusarium oxysporum sp. niveum (E.F. Sm.) Snyder and Hansen].
Characteristics of Fruit from High- and Low-quality Peach Cultivars
Authors: Robertson J. A. , Meredith F. I. , Scorza Ralph 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The chemical composition and sensory acceptability of two low-quality (‘Bailey’ and ‘Boone County’) and two high-quality (‘Jefferson’ and Selection B612615) peach genotypes were compared. The high-quality fruit were firmer and much larger than low-quality fruit. The most striking difference between high- and low-quality peaches was that the low-quality fruit contained about seven times more total phenolics. Glucose and sorbitol were at higher levels in low-quality fruit, whereas fructose was higher in the high-quality genotypes. Sensory data substantiated the classification of the cultivars into high- and low-quality fruit. ‘Jefferson’ and B612615 peaches were rated between acceptable and good after ripening, whereas ‘Bailey’ and ‘Boone County’ were rated unacceptable. The flavor of the low-quality cultivars was described as bitter and astringent with a strong aftertaste. The high polyphenolic content, which has been associated with the astringent flavor of fresh peaches, may partially explain the poor flavor of the low-quality fruit.
Leaf Abscission of Poinsettias Affected by Preharvest Fertilization Termination and Sleeving Stress
Authors: Prince Timothy A. , Cunningham Maria S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Termination of fertilization 1 to 4 weeks before harvest of Euphorbia pulcherrima Wild. ‘Annette Hegg Dark Red’ resulted in decreased postharvest leaf abscission on nonsleeved plants. Termination 3 weeks before harvest had no effect on leaf drop while termination 4 weeks before harvest increased leaf drop of sleeved plants. Epinastic response to sleeving and cyathia drop were not influenced by fertilizer termination times. Medium analysis at harvest showed that increased time without fertilizer increased pH, decreased soluble salts concentration and individual nutrient levels. Foliar nutrient level differences at harvest were small.
Free Polyamines in Postpollination Placentae and Ovules of Potato
Authors: Olson A. Randall , Nowak Jerzy 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Placental and ovular tissues of a diploid clone of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) were analyzed for their respective free polyamine content at different stages of postpollination gynoecial development. In the placentae, putrescine, spermidine, and spermine concentrations decrease as the placental tissues proliferate during pulp formation. Although there is a decrease in total free polyamine concentration in the ovules as cellular endosperm develops, putrescine and spermidine levels increase before the latter stages of embryogenesis. The changes in free polyamine levels are associated with major developmental stages characterized by increased mitotic activity and differentiation.
Search for a Viroid Etiology for Noninfectious Bud Failure in Almond
Authors: Fenton C Ariel Lou , Kuniyuki Andrew H. , Kester Dale E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Viroids could not be detected in nucleic acid samples of almond [Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb] with noninfectious bud failure by one- and two-dimensional electrophoresis. Almond nucleic acids showed no detectable hybridization with a 32P-labeled potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTV) cDNA probe. PSTV controls were included.
Induction of Morphogenic Callus Cultures from Leaf Tissue of Garlic
Authors: Nagasawa Akitsu , Finer John J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Morphogenically regenerable callus was induced from young leaf and meristem tissues of garlic (Allium sativum L. cv. Howaito-Roppen). Five auxins were compared for their ability to induce morphogenic callus. In order of decreasing effectiveness, 2,4-D (0.1–3.0 mg·liter−1), 2,4,5-T (0.3–10 mg·liter−1), dicamba (10–30 mg·liter−1), and picloram (10–30 mg·liter−1) were capable of morphogenic callus induction, while NAA did not induce morphogenic callus formation over a wide range of concentrations. The morphogenic callus was nodular and gave rise to plantlets following transfer to medium containing BA. Chemical names used: (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid (2,4-D): (2,4,5-trichIorophenoxy)acetic acid (2,4,5-T); 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (dicamba); 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid (picloram); 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA); and N-(phenylmethyl)-1H-purin-6-amine (BA).
Growth Regulator Sprays during Propagation Increase African Violet Crowns and Leaves
Authors: Sanderson Kenneth C. , McGuire John 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
African violets (Saintpaulia ionantha Wendl.) are propagated commercially by leaf cuttings with or without a petiole (3). Laurie and Kiplinger (4) reported that leaves propagated without petioles produce more crowns. Developing shoots or crowns (plantlets) with roots usually are divided and handled as young plants. In one variation of this method the roots are removed from the shoots, the shoots are graded and the graded shoots are rerooted to obtain uniform plants. This method requires numerous shoots.
‘Rio Grande Gold’ Yellow Wax Sweet Pepper
Authors: Villaion Benigno , Dainello Frank J. , Bender David 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A complex of viral pathogens are responsible for the decline of profitable pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) production in Texas and other areas throughout the United States and the world (1). ‘Rio Grande Gold’ (RGG) is the first nonpungent (sweet), small yellow wax pepper with multiple virus resistance (MVR) to tobacco etch virus (TEV), potato virus Y (PVY), pepper mottle virus (PeMV), and tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) developed by the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station (TAES). The distinguishable yellow pepper flavor and the absence of capsaicin make this sweet wax-type pepper a potentially popular ingredient for salads and pickled products.
Granular Gels as Growth Media for Tomato Seedlings
Authors: Pill Wallace G. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The granulated, insoluble acrylamide-based hydrophilic polymers, Terrasorb HB and Alcosorb AB3C, hydrated initially with all the essential nutrients (15 g gel solids/liter of 1-fold Hoagland solution), were effective media for the production of 3-week seedlings of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mil.) in plug (modular) trays. Higher concentrations of the nutrient solution used to hydrate gels or incorporation of resin-encapsulated, slow-release fertilizer (Osmocote, 17N–3.9P–10.8K, 1.5 or 3.0 g·liter–1) in the hydrated gels decreased seedling growth. Daily application of fertilizer solution (100 mg N/liter) or water resulted in similar seedling growth. Seedlings were healthy, with roots permeating the voids between the hydrated granules of the entire gel mass. The gel mass adhering to the root system could be extracted readily and intact from the plug tray cell.
Tolerance of Bentgrass to Amount, Frequency, and Timing of Ethofumesate Applications
Authors: Johnson Billy J. , Landry Gilbert W. , Karnok Keith J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A creeping bentgrass (Agrostis palustris Huds. ‘Penncross’) green was treated with the herbicide ethofumesate at single and sequential applications during 2 years. A single ethofumesate application in September at 1.1, 1.7, or 2.2 kg a.i./ha slightly discolored bentgrass, but turfgrass quality was not significantly reduced. With October treatments, discoloration increased at 1.7 and 2.2 kg a.i./ha, but not at 1.1 kg. Ethofumesate treatments made in September and October resulted in less discoloration and reduced quality less than with applications made in October and November. Bentgrass treated in October and November was severely injured in 1 of 2 years, but turfgrass fully recovered by the following spring with no stand loss. Chemical names used: (±)-2-ethoxy-2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-5-benzofuranylmethanesulfonate(ethofumesate).
Anaerobiosis and Carbohydrate Status of the Embryonic Axis of Germinating Cucumber Seeds
Authors: Pharr David Mason , Motomura Yoshie 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The effect of anaerobiosis, imposed during germination of ‘Calypso’ cucumber (Cucumis sativas L.) seeds, was studied. Anaerobic conditions inhibited reserve mobilization from the cotyledons and dry weight gain by the embryonic axis. Within the embryonic axis, lipid degradation was stopped and use of all readily metabolizable carbohydrate reserves was strongly stimulated. By 48 hr of exposure to an anaerobic environment, the axis was nearly depleted of endogenous carbohydrate reserves. Aerobically germinating seeds accumulated a massive concentration of hexose sugars within the axis during the same time period. Thus, growth inhibition within cucumber seeds during anaerobiosis may result in part from carbohydrate deprivation of the embryonic axis.
Yield Compensation of Bean Genotypes Grown in Hill-plots
Authors: Beaver James S. , Kelly James D. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Field experiments were conducted at two locations in Puerto Rico to measure the effect of growth habit on the ability of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes to compensate for variation in plant population in hill-plots. Five determinate and five indeterminate bean genotypes were grown in 1-m-diameter hill-plots ranging in population from two to 10 plants per hill-plot. The indeterminate genotypes produced a greater seed weight per hill-plot, a smaller 100-seed weight, a greater number of pods per plant, and a greater number of seeds per pod than the determinate genotypes. Number of seed per pod and 100-seed weight did not differ significantly as the number of plants decreased from 10 to two plants per hill-plot. Number of pods per plant and seed yield per hill-plot increased in a linear fashion as the number of plants per hill-plot decreased. A covariance analysis using number of plants per hill-plot as the cov-ariate would be appropriate for adjusting hill-plot yields for variation in plant population. The similarity of the seed yield response of determinate and indeterminate bean genotypes to varying population density would permit both habits to be analyzed in a single covariance analysis.
Flowering and Fertility of Hybrids Between Spring- and Fall-flowering Elms
Authors: Santamour Frank S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Hybrids between diploid (2n = 28 chromosomes) elm (Ulmus) species that normally flower in March or April and those that normally flower in August or September flowered at various times from late October to mid-November when grown in Washington, D.C. Although such hybrids did not produce viable seed, they did produce apparently sound pollen. Chromosome pairing at diakinesis in pollen mother-cells in most of the diploid hybrids was sufficiently complete to allow normal meiosis to take place. An aneuploid (2n = 39) three-species hybrid with a preponderance of chromosomes from spring-flowering species produced abnormal flower buds in which meiosis took place later in the spring than American elm, but did not undergo anthesis.
In Vitro Subculture Applications for Ginger
Authors: Ikeda Lani R. , Tanabe Michael J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Leafy aerial pseudostems and decapitated crown sections from in vitro plantlets of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) were cultured in nutrient medium containing Murashige and Skoog salts, vitamins, sucrose, and various concentrations of BA and NAA. Pseudostems cultured on solid medium supplemented with 11 μM BA in combination with 0.6 μM NAA produced an average of five shoots and 15.3 roots. Decapitated crown sections cultured in liquid medium with 11 μM BA produced an average of 10 shoots and 16.3 roots. These subculture techniques could significantly contribute toward maximizing the use of high-quality rhizomes for in vitro propagation of edible ginger plantlets. Chemicals names used: 1-napthaleneacetic acid (NAA), N-(phenyl-methyl)-1H-purin-6-amine (BA).
An Evaluation of a Home Horticulture/Small Farms Program Through Individual Consultation
Authors: Smith Tina M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The objectives of this study were to a) determine the effectiveness of delivery of information, b) assess existing resources of the horticultural agent, and c) determine the effectiveness of methods to receive information from clientele. Results of this research indicated that 79% of the respondents followed the recommendation regardless of the tool used to deliver the information. The recommendations given to clientele helped to solve their problem regardless of the resource used by the agent. In addition, 77% of clientele followed the recommendation regardless of the method used by the agent to receive information.
Irrigation and Fertilization Management of Cut Chrysanthemums
Authors: Harbaugh B. K. , Stanley C. D. , Price J. F. , Jones J. B. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In Florida, most producers of cut chrysanthemums (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev.) use overhead irrigation systems and fertilize with soluble fertilizer injected through the system. Trickle irrigation can be used to produce cut chrysanthemums with substantial savings in water (2). Controlled-release fertilizers can be successfully used to produce cut chrysanthemums (1) and may be advantageous in certain production situations (3). Direct yield comparisons influenced by the four possible combinations of irrigation and fertilization practices have not been researched in previous studies. We, therefore, evaluated main and interactive effects of overhead or trickle irrigation in conjunction with soluble or controlled-release fertilization on the yield and postharvest quality of cut chrysanthemums.
Screening Growth Regulators for Control of Passiflora edulis Sims and P. caerula L. Height
Authors: Sanderson Kenneth C. , Martin Willis C. , Bruce Reed R. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Passiflora caerulea L., blue passion-flower, has been hybridized with other species to produce hybrids of ornamental value and has been grown as a potted plant. P. edulis Sims, the passion fruit, has handsome 3-lobed leaves and large white ornamental flowers. Both species are large vines that would make interesting potted, patio hanging-basket or trellis plants if their stem elongation could be controlled.
‘Contender’ Peach
Authors: Werner Dennis J. , Ballington James R. , Ritchie D. F. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Contender’ peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] is being released to fulfill the need for a high-quality, consistent-cropping, yellow-fleshed freestone cultivar ripening between ‘Loring’ and ‘Elberta’.
‘Excel’ Sweet Potato
Authors: Jones Alfred , Dukes Philip D. , Schalk James M. , Hamilton Max G. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Excel’ sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] was developed jointly by the USDA and the South Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station. This cultivar has high yield and excellent baking flavor, in combination with high levels of resistance to a wide array of disease and insect pests. Additionally, it has promise for use in snack foods.
‘Coastal Red’ Sweet Potato
Authors: Hall Melvin R. , Harmon Silas A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Coastal Red’ sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] was developed by the Univ. of Georgia at the UGA Coastal Plain Experiment Station. This cultivar combines high yield with high resistance to fusarium wilt and root-knot nematodes, resistance to soil insects, excellent storage quality, profuse plant production from bedded roots, and good baking and canning quality in a red-skinned cultivar.
‘White Storm’ and ‘Dark Storm’ Desert Willow
Authors: Simpson Benny J. , Hipp Billy W. , McWilliams Edward L. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Desert willow [Chilopsis linearis (Cav.) Sweet.] (7, 12) is a facultative phreatophyte (a plant whose roots will extract water from underground streams, a water table, or perched sources, or the strata immediately above these sources, but which can also function well in the absence of these water supplies). It is a tall shrub to a small tree (2, 3) and is native to the American southwest, from Baja California, southern California, southern Nevada, Arizona, and New Mexico to southwestern Texas and northern Mexico (8, 9).
The Minnesota–Morocco Connection
Authors: BARTZ JIM , CLARK STEVE 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In 1990, the Univ. of Minnesota, through its Colleges of Agriculture, Veterinary Medicine, and Natural Resouces, will have completed a unique 20-year program of assistance to the Government of Morocco in developing an institute of higher education in agriculture.in agriculture. Primary support has been provided to the Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan I1 (IAV), which has campuses at Rabat and Agadir. With a current faculty of about 350 and student enrollment of 2150, IAV is now fully engaged in teaching, research, advising graduate students, and conducting outreach programs.
Use of PROC GLM of SAS (or a Similar Linear Model Computing Tool) in Research Planning
Authors: Sanders William L. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Efficiency of horticultural research could be enhanced by a) eliminating low-powered experiments and b) using customized designs that wed the resources at hand more closely with the desired experimental objectives. A strategy for customizing designs can be invaluable as part of a broader strategy of sequential research planning that could improve the total efficiency of a researcher’s effort. Calculation of power of the test and evaluation of designs augmented sequentially over time are exercises that have not been done by most researchers because of the labor and tedium involved. However, the same software familiar to many researchers during the data analysis phase of experimentation may be used as a tool to complete these and other research planning tasks.
Summary, Comments, and Question and Answer Session
Authors: Stroup Walter W. , Paparozzi Ellen T. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
First, we thank Littell, Sanders, Milliken, and Nelson for their excellent and highly relevant contributions. It is obvious from the size of the audience at the 1987 ASHS Annual Meeting at Kissimmee and the length and energy of the question-and-answer period that these were subjects of great interest to horticultural researchers.
Root-knot Nematode Populations and Carrot Yield Following Five Forage Legumes and Continuous Carrots
Authors: Guyton Ronald F. , Thompson John R. , Kimoto Royden , Kratky Bernard A. , Holtzmann Oliver V. , Thyr Bill D. , Miller William W. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne hapla) juvenile population increased and carrot (Daucus carota L.) yield progressively decreased during eight continuous carrot crops grown over 37 months. When ‘Haifa’ and common white clovers (Trifolium repens L.) were cropped for 29 months and plowed down, two succeeding carrot crops suffered severe yield and quality losses and the juvenile nematode population in the soil in-creased greatly. However, there were significantly fewer juveniles in the soil and significantly higher yield and better quality of carrots when nematode-resistant ‘Nevada Synthetic XX’ and ‘Nevada Synthetic YY alfalfas (Medicago sativa L.) and continuous cultivation preceeded the carrots.
Seasonal Effects of Flooding on Greenhouse-grown Seedling Pecan Trees
Authors: Smith Michael W. , Bourne Robert D. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Seedling pecan tree [Carya illinoensis (Wangenh) C. Koch] roots were flooded for 28 days while trees were either dormant, beginning budbreak, or in active growth, plus an unflooded control. Flooding roots while trees were dormant did not affect growth and seldom affected leaf elemental concentrations compared to unflooded trees. Trees with roots flooded during budbreak usually had less leaf area and were shorter, with smaller trunks than unflooded trees. Leaf N and Fe concentrations were decreased immediately after flooding, but, 56 days after trees were drained, P, Ca, Mg, Zn, and Mn concentrations were greater than in unflooded trees. Leaf area, tree height, trunk diameter, and leaf and trunk dry weights were not affected by flooding during active growth. Root dry weight was reduced 31% immediately after trees were drained, and 48% 56 days after trees were drained compared to unflooded trees. Trees flooded during active growth had lower concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, and Mn immediately after flooding, but, 56 days after trees were drained, leaf elemental concentrations were not significantly different from unflooded trees.