bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of modern environmentally safe surface hardening technologies during nitrogening
Authors: Nesterov O. , Klimov О. , Tkach D. , Ruban V. 
Published: February 2022

Purpose of work. The possibility of using ion-plasma nitriding as an ecologically safe process of surface strengthening to improve service properties of products made of ekonomicalle alloyed ferritic steels was shown.
Research methods. Samples from steel 03Х8СЮ were investigated. Nitriding was carried out on an installation of the ION-20-I2 model. The pressure and temperature of the process were varied to obtain nitrided layers of different morphology. The structure of the nitrided layers was examined with an Axio Observtr.DLM microscope (Karl Zeis, Germany). The phase composition of the hardened layer of experimental steel was determined on the DRON-type diffractometer according to standard methods. Comparative studies of corrosion resistance were carried out in accordance with GOST 9.908-85.
Results. It has been established that the method of ion-plasma nitriding can be used to obtain high-quality nitrided layers on the surface of products made of ekonomicalle alloyed ferritic steels. The examined steel is suitable for nitriding in a wide range of technological parameters: temperature, saturation gas pressure. It was found that with an increase in the nitriding temperature, the number of layers, their size and structure in the formed layers change. The optimal mode of ion nitriding (T = 540 °С, t = 4 years, P = 4 mbar) has been determined, which makes it possible to obtain a structure most suitable for solving the problem posed – increasing the corrosion resistance during operation in corrosive environments. Based on the results of determining the phase composition of the samples subjected to ionic nitriding of surface layers, the following phases were found: a- solid solution based on iron and g¢- (MeFe4N)- solid solution based on the chemical compound of iron nitride FeMe4N. The study of corrosion resistance confirmed the efficiency of ion nitriding of steels: the area of corrosion damage on a non-nitrided sample is 85 %, and on a sample after nitriding – 15 %.
Scientific novelty. The possibility of obtaining nitrided layers of a given composition for economically alloyed ferritic steels by ion-plasma technology using ammonia as a saturating medium has been shown for the first time.
Practical value. The developed ion nitriding technology is applicable for all economically alloyed ferritic steels and has a number of advantages: reduction of the process by eliminating additional depassivation; reducing the initial cost of electricity by reducing the energy consumption of plasma production; ecological safety, which is associated with the possibility of using an anhydrous environment.
СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ КАК ФУНДАМЕНТАЛЬНЫЙ ФАКТОР, ОТРАЖАЮЩИЙ КАЧЕСТВО УРОВНЯ ЖИЗНИ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ: ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПУТИ РЕШЕНИЯ
Authors: Бондарев Максим Александрович , Яковлева Екатерина Евгеньевна , Альпидовская Марина Леонидовна 
Published: February 2022

Аннотация. Целью исследования является проведение анализа эффективности использования имеющихся ресурсов для обеспечения устойчивой социально-экономической политики государства. Достижение поставленной цели потребовало решения комплекса задач: сформировать понимание ключевых особенностей функционирования социально-экономической системы, проанализировать агрегированную статистическую информацию на основе различных источников, обосновать взаимосвязь между показателями доходов и расходов граждан, а также темпов инфляции с одной стороны и уровнем жизни населения — с другой.
Методология исследования. В данной статье использованы традиционные методы исследования: системный анализ, дедукция, индукция, ситуационный анализ, аналогия и диалектика.
Результаты исследования. Базовыми факторами, определяющими уровень благосостояния населения, которые в свою очередь отражают качество проводимой в стране социально-экономической политики, являются уровень доходов населения, а также демографическая статистика. Было доказано, что главная задача социально-экономической политики государства — это обеспечение уверенности граждан в завтрашнем дне. Она должна представлять собой комплекс мер, обеспечивающих исполнение естественных прав человека за счёт реального сектора экономики и перераспределения имеющихся средств.
Перспективу исследования на сегодняшний день составляет проблема регулирования и обеспечения социально-экономической политики государства. Она имеет первостепенное значение с точки зрения дальнейших перспектив повышения уровня жизни населения. Данная работа представляет научный интерес для широкого круга специалистов и аналитиков. Помимо этого, информация, представленная в статье, может выступать научной базой для моделирования и прогнозирования приоритетных направлений социально-экономического развития страны.
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ СИСТЕМЫ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ ПРИОРИТЕТОВ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПОТЕНЦИАЛОМ ИННОВАЦИОННОЙ И ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ
Authors: Лаврикова Наталия Игоревна , Азарова Наталья Анатольевна , Опара Мария Васильевна 
Published: February 2022

Аннотация. Целью исследования является изучение процесса формирования системы комплексного исследования приоритетов управления потенциалом инновационной деятельности, а также изучение сложности понятия потенциала инновационной экономики.
Методологическая база исследования представляет собой системный эмпирический и структурно-функциональный подход рассмотрения объекта исследования в виде целостного комплекса взаимосвязанных элементов. К используемым научным методам относится анализ причинно-следственных связей.
Результаты исследования. Авторами определено, что понятие ресурсов как экономической категории нельзя отождествлять с понятием потенциала. В статье показана структура понятия потенциала инновационной деятельности, его элементы и измерения, а также способы формирования человеческого капитала, рассматриваемые как важнейшая составляющая обсуждаемого потенциала. Отсутствие структурированного теоретического обсуждения сущности, смысла и способов формирования потенциала инновационной деятельности — важная проблема всей теории инноваций.
Перспективы исследования заключаются в изучении вопросов измерения инновационного и человеческого потенциала с учетом информационного потенциала в целях реализации потребностей инновационной деятельности на различных уровнях управления.
«ЗЕЛЕНАЯ» ЭКОНОМИКА КАК ФАКТОР УСТОЙЧИВОГО ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ СОВРЕМЕННОГО ГОРОДА
Authors: Майснер Татьяна Николаевна 
Published: February 2022

Аннотация. Цель статьи заключается в изучении экологических проблем современных городов, решение которых возможно на основе внедрения модели «зеленой» экономики.
Методология исследования представлена совокупностью следующих теоретических подходов: системный подход, позволяющий рассматривать город как социоэкосистему, устойчивое развитие которой зависит от всех ее элементов; синергетический подход, открывающий возможность для понимания сложного нелинейного характера взаимосвязи и взаимовлияния различных сфер общества; положения современных теорий урбанизации, позволяющие понять эволюцию города, связанную с расширением городской территории и вытеснением природной среды; теория «общества риска», которая позволяет учитывать и систематизировать риски развития современного города; идеи теоретиков «зеленой экономики» и др.
Результаты исследования. Автор обращает внимание на то, что «зеленую» экономику следует рассматривать как новую экономическую модель, которая должна прийти на смену нынешней рыночной модели, где доминируют принципы либеральной идеологии. Развитие «зеленой» экономики кардинально трансформирует инфраструктуру города и способствует появлению экологических городов — экосити. В статье анализируются причины, затрудняющие развитие экосити в России.
Перспективы использования результатов исследования. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы для дальнейшего анализа социально-экологических проблем современных городов, а также для развития современной экологической политики.
The Effect of Coffee Consumption on Blood Pressure and Sleep Duration of Baristas in Majalengka
Authors: Assegaf Hafidz Hilal , . Susianto , . Mamlukah 
Published: February 2022

Drinking coffee is one of the most popular and loved by the community. The practice of drinking coffee has been associated with many health issues, both positive and negative. In association with their profession, baristas could consume more coffee, which is believed to affect their health. The objective of this study was to study the correlation between coffee consumption and baristas' blood pressure and sleep duration in Majalengka Regency. A cross-sectional design was used in this research. There were 40 baristas' in Majalengka involved in this experiment. A questionnaire and a sphygmomanometer were employed as instruments, and Spearman's instrument was used to examine the data. Respondents drank an average of 4 cups of coffee per day, had a systolic blood pressure of 117 mmHg, a diastolic of 77.75 mmHg. Sleep duration was negatively correlated with coffee consumption (p=0.012; c=-0.395). This study revealed that coffee consumption was not correlated with blood pressure (p=0.168). Coffee consumption has a negative relationship with sleep duration, which is controlled by the blood pressure variable, and it also does not influence blood pressure. In this study, we found the necessity of promoting healthy eating habits for baristas and cafe owners in the Majalengka Regency.
A study on the domain of passive income strategies in architecture and how the confluence of entrepreneurship and architecture can transform the design practice
Authors: Kaur Mansanjam , Kher Pragya , Khandelwal Aanchal , Paul Simar , Nagdeve Shruti S. 
Published: February 2022

Purpose of the study: Currently, in India, there is high growth in real estate and marketing in the urban sector. Architecture as a profession is still under-recognition and it is growing albeit slowly. Hence, there is a need towards developing a more interdisciplinary approach of merging entrepreneurship with the practice of architecture and other allied disciplines to create a passive source of income generation. Previous research looked at passive income as merely a source of retirement income generation strategy. This research aims to understand how passive income can be used as a branding tool and a means of active income generator.
Methodology: Various expert interviews were conducted to understand how passive income strategies fare in the real world and the gaps between the theory and implementation of these strategies. Successful case models, national and international, were also analysed.
Main Findings: There is a limited understanding regarding the opportunities which a passive source of income can offer. It is merely considered an additional source of income, overlooking the branding opportunities it entails. Apart from time and money, identifying one’s strengths and skills is an important component in deciding on the kind of passive strategy one want’s to invest in.
Implications: Passive source of income allows a person to explore a certain field and go an extra mile to analyze and choose the field to best of his/her opportunities. It is a revenue stream with one-time investment with time, money, skill and marketing which enables it as a passive and long term income. With the current generation dwelling more and more into a secondary source of income, this study may help understand the overall process undergoing a passive income strategy.
Relationship Between the Rates of Breast Milk Production of Preterm Mothers in the First Week Post-Delivery and Continuation of Breastfeeding Through Discharge
Authors: Pollard Deborah Lynn 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundMothers of preterm infants born between 26- and 35-weeks’ gestation often report challenges with maintaining a pumping schedule and experience perceptions of low milk supply, both of which may contribute to early termination of breastfeeding within the first few weeks.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between the amount of expressed milk volumes in the first 2 weeks after delivery and infant’s continuing to receive mother’s milk at hospital discharge. These results were part of a larger study that examined multiple maternal variables that may impact the amount of milk volumes and continuation of breastfeeding in the preterm infant admitted to the NICU.MethodsMothers of infants (N = 37) in the NICU were recruited for this correlational, longitudinal study. Data was collected at 24–48 hours post-delivery, at 2 weeks, at 4 weeks from mothers participating in the study and from infant chart reviews.Results/OutcomesMothers who reported higher expressed milk volumes at 3 days post-delivery had consistently higher volumes of expressed breast milk and a higher percentage of continued breastfeeding at hospital discharge. There was no statistically significant relationship between breastfeeding self-efficacy scores, socio-demographic variables, or pumping frequency and the percentage of infants receiving breast milk at hospital discharge. Overall, 76.4% of the infants enrolled in the study were receiving 100% of their intake with fortified mother’s milk at hospital discharge.Discussion/Implications for PracticeThe use of a breast pump log in the first 2 weeks to monitor milk volumes may assist in predicting mothers who are at risk of lower milk supply and early discontinuation of breastfeeding.
Marijuana in Orthopaedics: Effects on Bone Health, Wound-Healing, Surgical Complications, and Pain Management
Authors: Heath David M. , Koslosky Ezekial J. , Bartush Katherine C. , Hogue Grant D. 
Published: February 2022

» Marijuana use is on the rise in the United States, and there is a paucity of information on the effects of cannabis and its chemical constituents on bone health, wound-healing, surgical complications, and pain management.» Current evidence suggests that cannabidiol (CBD) may enhance bone health and metabolism, while Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), the major psychoactive component in marijuana, has an inhibitory effect.» Marijuana users are at higher risk for delayed bone-healing, demonstrate lower bone mineral density, are at increased risk for fracture, and may experience postoperative complications such as increased opioid use and hyperemesis.
Two-Step Targeted Drug Delivery via Proteinaceous Barnase-Barstar Interface and PLGA-Based Nano-Carrier
Authors: Shipunova Victoria , Komedchikova Elena N. , Sogomonyan Anna S. , Stepanov Alexey V. , Tereshina Ekaterina D. , Belova Mariia M. , Kotelnikova Polina A. , Nikitin Maxim P. , Deyev Sergey M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The conventional methods of treating cancer with chemo- and radiotherapy present plenty of serious problems, such as low therapeutic index and high systemic toxicity. The advanced cancer treatment strategies utilize nanoformulations of drugs that can enter a tumor due to the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. However, EPR fails in the treatment of several human diseases. Therefore, mainstream biomedical studies are focused on creating the drugs that would enter the tumor with higher effectiveness and require smaller doses for administration. A two-step targeted drug delivery system (DDS), involving the tumor pre-targeting with the first non-toxic module and subsequent targeting with the second complementary toxic module, is a solution for decreasing systemic toxicity. To meet the challenge, we have developed the two-step DDS mediated by the high-affinity binding of the barnase*barstar protein pair, one of the strongest known protein*protein complexes with Kaff = 1014 M−1. Ribonuclease barnase (12 kDa) from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and its natural inhibitor barstar (10 kDa) act as lego bricks linking the first and the second modules on the surface of the cancer cell. Artificial scaffold polypeptide DARPin9_29 (14 kDa) recognizing HER2 oncomarker was genetically fused with barstar to serve the first module of the developed two-step DDS. A therapeutic PLGA-based nanocarrier coupled to barnase was used as a second module. The PLGA nanoparticles were loaded with diagnostic dye, Nile Blue, and chemotherapeutic drug, doxorubicin. We showed that the two-step DDS increases the performance of chemotherapy-loaded nanocarriers both in vitro and in vivo compared to the one-step DDS. Namely, we showed that IC50 of doxorubicin delivered via two-step DDS is more than 100 times lower than that for one-step DDS: IC50 = 43 ± 3 nM for two-step DDS vs. IC50 = 4972 ± 1965 nM for one-step DDS. Moreover, the developed two-step DDS based on barnase*barstar showed superior efficiency in image-guided cancer therapy: HER2-positive tumors’ treatment tests showed the tumor growth inhibition index TGI = 68.4% for one-step DDS and TGI = 94.9% for two-step DDS. The obtained results demonstrate the significant efficiency of two-step drug delivery over the classical one-step one. We believe that the obtained data will significantly change the direction of research in developing targeted anti-cancer drugs and promote the creation of new-generation cancer treatment strategies.
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Parenting Training with Life Skills Training on the Mental Health of Mothers of Children with Hearing Loss: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: dehbozorgi Sara , Yazdani Somaye , Oryadi-Zanjani Mohammad Majid , Vahab Maryam , Nikandish Mohamad 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
BackgroundHearing loss is one of the most common sensory disorders. The consequences of hearing loss and its effect on the mothers of these children on the one hand and the emphasis of previous research on the effectiveness of educational interventions along with the lack of comparative studies on the other hand prompted us to do this research. Educational interventions have been approved for prevention of unwanted effects between mother and child. One of these interventions is a positive parenting program. This educational program seeks to create a useful relationship between mother and child. Another life skills training intervention enables life skills to cope.MethodsThis study was a randomized clinical trial. The research sample consisting of 46 mothers who have child with hearing loss were divided into two groups: a positive parenting training group and a group that was trained in a life skills program. The workshops of both groups were accomplished online due to the limitations caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. Data collection tools were three questionnaires of parenting, life skills, and general health that were completed in both pre-test and post-test stages. For data analysis, SPSS software version 26 was used.ResultsThe results indicate that parenting education in mothers with children with hearing impairment has significantly reduced anxiety and depression. ConclusionsThis research showed that parenting education has increased the quality of life of mothers with children with hearing impairment and the positive effects of this education are confirmed.Trial registration: IRCT20201014049023N1. Registered 23 October 2020, https://www.irct.ir/trial/51623
CAFs-derived Rho-associated Kinase1 Mediated EMT to Promote Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Metastasis
Authors: yang liyun , Gong Shiqi , huang shuixian , Zhou jieyu , Hu An 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Interactions between tumor and tumor microenvironment is essential for tumor metastasis. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), as the activated fibroblasts in tumor stroma, are important modifiers of tumor progression. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the tumor-promoting properties of CAFs in Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) remains unclear.
Methods
CAFs, CPFs and NFs were isolated and identified from laryngeal cancer, para-laryngeal cancer and normal tissues. Immunofluorescent staining and Western Blot were used to detect the expression of related proteins. Wound healing, migration, invasion and animal experiments were used to examine the ability of movement, migration, invasion and metastasis of LSCC.
Results
ROCK1, not ROCK2, was highly expressed in CAFs and CAFs enhanced LSCC metastasis in vivo and vitro, and downregulation of ROCK1 in CAFs inhibited migration and invasion. Increasing ROCK1 expression in NFs possessed opposite results. Further studies revealed that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and JAK2/STAT3/ERK1/2 pathway might play an essential role in promoting metastasis of LSCC. In addition, inhibition of ROCK1 or JAK2/STAT3/ERK1/2 signal molecules via inhibitors significantly reduced EMT and metastasis in vivo and vitro.
Conclusions
CAFs-derived ROCK1 via JAK2/STAT3/ERK1/2 axis mediated EMT to promote LSCC metastasis and targeting ROCK1/JAK2/STAT3/ERK1/2 might provide a potential treatment strategy for LSCC.
Conformity assessment of a computer vision-based clinical decision support system for the detection of postural spinal deformity
Authors: Sohn Moon-Jun , Kim Kwang Hyeon 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: This study evaluates the conformity of using a computer vision-based posture analysis system as a screening assessment for postural deformity detection in spine that is easily applicable to clinical practice.Methods: One hundred forty participants were enrolled for screening of the postural deformation. Factors that determine the presence or absence of spinal deformation, such as shoulder height difference (SHD), pelvic height difference (PHD), and leg length mismatch (LLD), were used as parameters for the clinical decision support system (CDSS) using a commercial computer vision-based posture analysis system. For conformity analysis, the probability of postural deformation provided by CDSS, the Cobb angle, the PHD, and the SHD were compared and analyzed between the system and radiographic parameters. A principal component analysis (PCA) of the CDSS and correlation analysis were conducted.Results: The Cobb angles of the 140 participants ranged from 0° to 61°, with an average of 6.16° ± 8.50°. The postural deformation of CDSS showed 94% conformity correlated with radiographic assessment. The participants of postural deformation with normal (0-9°) and mild (10-25°) range of scoliosis were more accurate in conformity assessment result (98.57%). The referenced SHD and the SHD of the CDSS showed statistical significance (p < 0.001) on a paired t-test. SHD and PHD for PCA were the predominant factors (PC1 SHD for 79.97%, PC2 PHD for 19.86%).Conclusion: The CDSS showed 94% conformity for the screening of postural spinal deformity. The main factors determining diagnostic suitability were analyzed as two main variables: SHD and PHD. In conclusion, a computer vision-based posture analysis system can be utilized as a safe, efficient and convenient CDSS for early diagnosis of spinal posture deformation, including scoliosis.