bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of organizational learning on library service innovation
Authors: Zhou Zifan , Duan Yufeng , Qiu Junping , Yang Li 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThis article intends to explore how organizational learning affects innovation in public library services, and the role of public librarians in innovation in library services.Design/methodology/approachThis study collected 375 valid questionnaires from 19 public libraries in Shanghai and Zhejiang based on organizational learning, organizational innovation and employee psychological empowerment theory. Additionally, SPSS and HLM are used to analyze the relationship among the three processes of organizational learning: knowledge acquisition, knowledge sharing and knowledge application, and public library service innovation.FindingsResults show that organizational learning has a significant positive effect on the service innovation of public libraries. Knowledge acquisition and knowledge application in the process of organizational learning have a significant positive influence on the service innovation of public libraries, but the impact of knowledge sharing on service innovation is weak. Employee psychological empowerment has a negative regulating influence on knowledge sharing–public library service innovation, but no significant influence on knowledge application–public library service innovation and knowledge acquisition–public library service innovation.Originality/valueThis research explores the effectiveness of the theory of organizational learning in the field of public libraries and also confirms the role of librarians in the work of public libraries. Together, they promote the innovation of public libraries.
Breaking process of composite membranes used in desalination phenomenon
Authors: Ezaier Yassine , Hader Ahmed , Achik Imad , Tarras Iliass , Moultif Rachida , Bakir Redouane 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a study of the breaking process of composite membranes used in the water desalination. Temperature, fluid pressure and accumulate retained fluid are remarkable parameters, which are likely to damage these membranes.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, the authors adopt the dynamics of a fiber bundle model to investigate the breaking process of composite membranes with fibres distributed parallel to the direction of fluid flow. The model is based on the fiber bundle model where the fibres are randomly oriented.FindingsThe obtained results show that the increase in the parameters leads to an avalanche rupture of the membrane fibre and also increases its porosity. Lifetime membranes exhibit an exponential and power law vs. the parameters.Originality/valueThe accumulation of the retained fluid has a great effect on membranes than the temperature and fluid pressure.
Does social distancing make the heart grow fonder? The impact of work spouse interaction frequency on organizational outcomes
Authors: Frieder Rachel E. , Whitman Marilyn V. , Mandeville Ashley , Leon Matthew 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThe shift to remote work brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic dramatically limited spontaneous workplace interpersonal interactions. For one interpersonal relationship in particular, the work spouse, the sudden physical distance may impact the energy work spouses draw from one another. Drawing on interactional ritual theory, this study aims to investigate the relationship between interaction frequency and organizational outcomes mediated by relational energy amid the pandemic.Design/methodology/approachDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, working adults who indicated they had a work spouse were recruited via Qualtrics to participate in a two-part online study.FindingsComplete data from 120 participants across both time periods revealed that more frequent interaction between work spouses is associated with increased job satisfaction and affective commitment mediated by relational energy.Originality/valueThis study represents the first empirical examination of individual and organizational outcomes of a unique interpersonal workplace relationship. Additionally, this study enhances our understanding of the impact of relational energy in socially distanced situations between employees in a close, intimate (non-sexual) pair bond.
The effectiveness of the general aptitude test in Saudi Arabia in predicting performance of English as a foreign language
Authors: Aldurayheem Abdulhameed 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThis study examines the test's predictive validity of English language performance and compares test constructs to identify the most effective predictors of English language performance.Design/methodology/approachData were collected and analysed from test scores of students enrolled in the foundation year (N = 84) and level 2 (N = 127) in the faculty of English at a Saudi university using correlation and regression tests.FindingsThe findings revealed that the General Aptitude Test (GAT) is effective in predicting English performance for students in level 2 and that the error detection task is the most effective predictor of performance in English reading.Practical implicationsThe study provides support for the validity of the GAT as a university admission requirement for English language courses in the Arabic-speaking world.Originality/valueThis study examines the GAT's power using a fine-grained approach by deriving scores from its breakdown constructs to predict the performance of English skills at the university level.
Assessment of patient safety culture in two emergency departments in Australia: a cross sectional study
Authors: Alshyyab Muhammad A. , Albsoul Rania A. , Kinnear Frances B. , Saadeh Rami A. , Alkhaldi Sireen M. , Borkoles Erika , Fitzgerald Gerard 
Published: March 2022

PurposePatient safety culture is a vital element to create patient safety in healthcare organisations. Emergency department (ED) professionals operate in unstable conditions that may pose risk to patient safety on day-to-day basis. The aim of this study was to assess the status of patient safety culture and to quantify the dimensions of safety culture in the ED setting.Design/methodology/approachThis was a descriptive cross sectional study that used a validated questionnaire distributed to the staff working in the nominated EDs . Perceptions on various dimensions of safety culture were reported and the frequency of positive responses for each dimension was calculated.Findings“Teamwork” is the only dimension that rated positive by over 70% of participants. Other dimensions rated below 50%, except for “Organisational learning–continuous improvement” which rated 51.2%. Areas that rated the lowest were “Handover and transitions”, “Staffing”, “Non-punitive response to error” and “Frequency of event reporting” with average positive response rate of 15.4%, 26%, 26.8% and 27.6%, respectively.Originality/valueThis study displayed a concerning perceptions held by participants about the deficiency of patient safety culture in their EDs. Moreover, it provided a baseline finding giving a clearer vision of the areas of patient safety culture that need improvement.
Soil N enrichment mediates carbon allocation through respiration in a dominant grass during drought
Authors: Meng Bo , Li Junqin , Yao Yuan , Nippert Jesse B. , Williams David G. , Chai Hua , Collins Scott L. , Sun Wei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Carbon (C) allocation strategy plays a critical role in plant adaptability, which are also important to assess the productivity stability under environmental change. Based on optimal partitioning theory, we asked two questions: (1) How is plant C allocation within tissues affected by nutrient enrichment (N addition)? And (2) does long‐term N addition alter how plants allocate C under drought?

To address these questions, we conducted a greenhouse experiment using the widespread perennial C3 grass, Leymus chinensis, under four treatments: ‘Watered’, ‘Dry’, ‘Watered + N’ and ‘Dry + N’. 13CO2 pulse labelling was used to trace C transport through the plant–soil system.

We found that drought and N addition resulted in additive effects on C allocation. Greater above‐ground biomass under N addition resulted in higher C loss via above‐ground plant respiration, even under drought, which plays a more important role in the adjustment of root:shoot ratio than does the trade‐off between above‐ and below‐ground organs.

Compared to the concept of active phenotype adjustment for maximized growth rate in traditional optimal partitioning theory, our results imply that pre‐drought allometry, which changes under long‐term resource addition, also determines how plants respond to drought and their adaptability to changing environmental conditions.

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Coalitions of touch: Balancing restraint and haptic soothing in the veterinary clinic
Authors: Llewellyn Nick , Hindmarsh Jon , Burrow Robin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article responds to recent calls to further incorporate the study of animal health care into the sociology of health and illness. It focuses on a theme with a long tradition in medical sociology, namely clinical communication, but explores matters distinctive to veterinary practice. Drawing on video recordings of 60 consultations across three small animal veterinary clinics in the United Kingdom, we explore how clients and veterinarians (or “vets”) fashion fleeting “coalitions of touch,” that aptly position the animal to enable the performance of medical work, often in the face of physical resistance. Building on recent developments in the study of haptic sociality, we analyse how care and emotional concern for animal patients is communicated through various forms of embodied action; thus, how the problematics of forced care and restraint are mitigated through distinctive ways of touching and holding animal patients. Moreover, while prior studies of small animal veterinary work have highlighted the significance of talk within the clinician–animal–client triad, we reveal the fundamentally embodied and collaborative work of managing and controlling patients during sometimes intense and fast‐moving episodes of veterinary care.
Crown dimensions of primary teeth—A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: P Sujitha , Bhavyaa R. , M S Muthu , Nirmal Latha , Patil Sneha S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOdontometrics, also known as metric traits, includes mesiodistal, buccolingual dimensions, and crown height. The purpose of this study was to assess pancontinental odontometric variations in the crown dimensions of primary teeth. Ten electronic databases were searched to identify studies that measured crown dimensions of primary teeth, published in English language, without year restriction up to July 2020. Studies included cross‐sectional research measuring on casts, subjects, and on radiographs of healthy children. Meta‐analysis was performed, and risk of bias was assessed using modified Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Eighty‐seven observational studies were included, with 24,634 participants (9487 males, 11,083 females; 19 studies lacked gender information). Only one study showed a low bias risk, whereas 81 and 5 studies had moderate and high risk, respectively. Sixty‐five studies included for meta‐analysis revealed heterogeneity in mean mesiodistal dimensions of maxillary first molars from Asia (I2—99.7%), buccolingual measurements of mandibular first molars from Europe (I2—99.9%), crown height of mandibular second molars from Africa and Europe (I2—79.8%). Among mesiodistal and buccolingual dimensions, Australians have larger while Asians have smaller teeth. Pertaining to crown height, very few studies could be found in the literature. This review highlights the variations in crown dimensions of primary teeth among populations.
Sudden death caused by ruptured brain arteriovenous malformation in an adolescent with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Taylor Haley L. , Dove Eric J. , Elverum Cassandra L. , Gunther Wendy M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBrain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) are infrequent disorders in the pediatric population. The rupture of a bAVM is a clinical emergency often followed by death. Autism spectrum disorder shares a number of symptoms with AVM malformation; this may impede antemortem diagnosis. An 11‐year‐old boy with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) without other medical history died suddenly. Initially, choking on a peanut butter sandwich was suspected; autopsy did not demonstrate aspiration, but identified a ruptured right cerebellar AVM, with the characteristic tortuous vessels. The histology on the lesion confirmed the presence of arterialized veins and showed gliotic tissue and hemosiderin‐laden macrophages, consistent with prior bleeding. BAVM pathogenesis is unknown; congenital disease may have several mechanisms including genetic predisposition and familial risk factors; development de novo may occur after hemorrhagic intracranial events such as surgical intervention and head trauma. ASD may present with overlapping symptoms of bAVM and may also interfere with expressing subtle neurologic symptoms to caretakers. ASD and AVM are rarely reported in association.
Retained surgical drain fragments: A systematic review and case report
Authors: Indja Ben , Chen Kerry , Cheng Ernest , Kennedy Helen , Alzahrani Nayef , Morris David L 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimRetained surgical drains are an avoidable and serious cause of postoperative morbidity. This study aims to first report on our unit's experience in identifying and managing retained surgical drains and then consolidate current knowledge regarding retained surgical drains, causes and associated complications.Patients and MethodsA systematic review of the literature was performed through searches in electronic databases to identify studies that described incidents involving retained surgical drains. Data were extracted regarding patient and operative characteristics, drain complications and management.ResultsA total of 36 case reports and/or series were identified in the literature, with 39 individual cases of retained surgical drains in patients undergoing abdominal, thoracic or orthopaedic procedures. The most common cause for retained drain was fracture of drain tubing. Patients presented with complications ranging from chronic pain, abscess or fistula formation, to migration of the drain fragment into a hollow viscus. In all cases an invasive intervention was required to remove the retained drain.ConclusionSurgeons should be aware of retained surgical drains as an iatrogenic cause of postoperative morbidity. Contemporary surgical practice should include methods to prevent, identify and manage retained drains and associated complications.
A prognostic classification based on the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer histologic grading and immunoscore in KRAS‐mutant invasive non‐mucinous adenocarcinoma
Authors: Chi Kaiwen , Sun Wei , Yang Xin , Wu Jianghua , Wang Haiyue , Liu Xinying , Mao Luning , Zhou Lixin , Huang Xiaozheng , Lin Dongmei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundTumor immune cell infiltration is important in the prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. The aim of this study was to develop a prognostic classification based on the tumor immunoscore.MethodsPatients with KRAS‐mutant invasive non‐mucinous lung adenocarcinoma who underwent radical surgery were enrolled in the study. Histologic grading was assessed according to the recommendations of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer. Programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) and CD8 expression was detected using immunohistochemistry. The number of CD8+ tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) per high‐power field was assessed. A classification based on histological grade and CD8+ TIL level was established (Grading‐Immunoscore type): low‐to‐medium grade with high or low infiltration (type A); high‐grade, high‐infiltration (type B); and high‐grade, low‐infiltration (type C).ResultsA total of 112 patients participated. In the multivariable analysis, histological grading and level of CD8+ TILs were independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) (p < 0.001 and p = 0.007, respectively). Patients with type A tumors had the best OS and PFS, whereas those with type C tumors had the worst OS (89.6%, 65.0%, and 29.5% 5‐year OS for types A, B, and C, respectively). PD‐L1 positivity and high expression rate was highest in type B tumors (tumor proportion score [TPS] ≥ 1%: 29.4%, 73.1%, and 42.9%; TPS ≥50%: 7.8%, 42.3%, and 17.1%, for types A, B, and C, respectively).ConclusionsThe Grading‐Immunoscore classification refines the prognostic grouping of histological grading and might aid in the screening of potential candidates for immunotherapy in patients with KRAS‐mutant adenocarcinoma.
Litigation related to anaesthesia: analysis of claims against the NHS in England 2008–2018 and comparison against previous claim patterns
Authors: Oglesby F. C. , Ray A. G. , Shurlock T. , Mitra T. , Cook T. M. 
Published: March 2022

SummaryWe reviewed all 1230 claims against anaesthesia notified to NHS Resolution (formerly the NHS Litigation Authority, 1995–2017) in England between 2008 and 2018. Claims were categorised by incident type, severity (whether physical or psychological), and cost, and comparisons were made against a similar published analysis of data from 1995 to 2007. While the annual number of claims against anaesthesia increased by 62% from the earlier period, anaesthesia now accounts for smaller proportions of all claims submitted to NHS Resolution (1.5% vs. 2.5%) and of the total cost of all claims (0.7% vs. 2.4%). The absolute costs related to anaesthesia claims rose over 300%, totalling £145 million between 2008 and 2018, but the mean cost per closed claim (retail price index adjusted) fell by 6% to £74,883. The most common clinical categories were regional anaesthesia (24%), inadequate anaesthesia (20%) and drug administration (20%). Claims related to airway management, central venous catheterisation and cardiac arrest remained infrequent but severe and costly. The proportion of claims relating to regional anaesthesia and obstetric anaesthesia fell significantly, but claims relating to peripheral nerve blockade doubled. Our analysis includes categories relating to organisational and human factors which are present in a substantial proportion of claims; categories with the highest mean cost per claim included delayed care, planning, monitoring and consent. Overall, the specialty of anaesthesia is at low risk of litigation. Our analysis provides important insights into current and changing patterns in claim distributions that may help improve the quality of patient care and reduce future litigation. We recommend the establishment of a structure for national review and learning from all cases of litigation.
Assessment of the role of the Edinburgh dysphagia score in referral triage in a national service evaluation of the urgent suspected upper gastrointestinal cancer pathway
Authors: Kamran Umair , King Dominic , Banks Matthew , Nylander David , Shetty Sharan , Hebbar Srisha , Ransford Rupert , Mitchell David , Williams Matthew , Gupta Sanjay , Cheung Danny , Baker Graham , Rees James , Fox Mark , Ashall Barbara , Barker Sophie , Greenaway John , Jones Miriam , Caffrey Matthew , Kadri Sudarshan , Glynn Michael , Evans James , Tham Tony C. , Adderley Nicola J. , Trudgill Nigel 
Published: March 2022

SummaryBackgroundThe British Society of Gastroenterology has recommended the Edinburgh Dysphagia Score (EDS) to risk‐stratify dysphagia referrals during the endoscopy COVID recovery phase.AimsExternal validation of the diagnostic accuracy of EDS and exploration of potential changes to improve its diagnostic performance.MethodsA prospective multicentre study of consecutive patients referred with dysphagia on an urgent suspected upper gastrointestinal (UGI) cancer pathway between May 2020 and February 2021. The sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV) of EDS were calculated. Variables associated with UGI cancer were identified by forward stepwise logistic regression and a modified Cancer Dysphagia Score (CDS) developed.Results1301 patients were included from 19 endoscopy providers; 43% male; median age 62 (IQR 51–73) years. 91 (7%) UGI cancers were diagnosed, including 80 oesophageal, 10 gastric and one duodenal cancer. An EDS ≥3.5 had a sensitivity of 96.7 (95% CI 90.7–99.3)% and an NPV of 99.3 (97.8–99.8)%. Age, male sex, progressive dysphagia and unintentional weight loss >3 kg were positively associated and acid reflux and localisation to the neck were negatively associated with UGI cancer. Dysphagia duration <6 months utilised in EDS was replaced with progressive dysphagia in CDS. CDS ≥5.5 had a sensitivity of 97.8 (92.3–99.7)% and NPV of 99.5 (98.1–99.9)%. Area under receiver operating curve was 0.83 for CDS, compared to 0.81 for EDS.ConclusionsIn a national cohort, the EDS has high sensitivity and NPV as a triage tool for UGI cancer. The CDS offers even higher diagnostic accuracy. The EDS or CDS should be incorporated into the urgent suspected UGI cancer pathway.
Bacterial diversity of Gambian traditional fermented milk, “Kosam”
Authors: Baldeh Edrissa , Bah Saidal Ali , Camara Saibana , Fye Biram Laity , Nakamura Tadashi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe have clarified the microbiological characterization of Gambian traditional fermented milk (FM), “Kosam.” Two samples of FM were collected at two regions in The Gambia in 2019. The microbiota of these samples was analyzed by culture‐dependent methods and Illumina sequencing. The number of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in FM from Central River Region (CRR) and Lower River Region (LRR) was 8.27 ± 0.08 log CFU/ml and 7.21 ± 0.09 log CFU/ml, respectively. While no coliforms and Escherichia coli were detected in CRR‐FM, LRR‐FM contained 5.73 ± 0.17 log CFU/ml of coliforms and 4.82 ± 0.13 log CFU/ml of E. coli. The dominant viable LAB in FM from CRR was Lactobacillus delbrueckii, followed by Streptococcus lutetiensis, while that from LRR was Lactococcus lactis. The metagenomic analysis also revealed that these species were dominant in these Gambian traditional FM. Furthermore, it also revealed the possibility of the presence of pathogens such as Klebsiella spp. This study enhanced the knowledge of Gambian FM and contributed to the elucidation of microbial communities.
Feature Screening with Latent Responses
Authors: Yu Congran , Guo Wenwen , Song Xinyuan , Cui Hengjian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A novel feature screening method is proposed to examine the correlation between latent responses and potential predictors in ultrahigh-dimensional data analysis. First, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) model is used to characterize latent responses through multiple observed variables. The expectation-maximization algorithm is employed to estimate the parameters in the CFA model. Second, R-Vector (RV) correlation is used to measure the dependence between the multivariate latent responses and covariates of interest. Third, a feature screening procedure is proposed on the basis of an unbiased estimator of the RV coefficient. The sure screening property of the proposed screening procedure is established under certain mild conditions. Monte Carlo simulations are conducted to assess the finite-sample performance of the feature screening procedure. The proposed method is applied to an investigation of the relationship between psychological well-being and the human genome.