bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep and chronotype in adults with persistent tic disorders
Authors: Ricketts Emily J. , Montalbano Gabrielle E. , Burgess Helen J. , McMakin Dana L. , Coles Meredith E. , Piacentini John , Colwell Christopher S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study examined sleep disorders and sleep medication use rates, nighttime tics, and sleep and chronotype in relation to tic and co‐occurring symptoms in adults with persistent tic disorders (PTDs), including Tourette's disorder (TD).MethodsOne hundred twenty‐five adult internet survey respondents rated sleep history, sleep, chronotype, tic severity, impairment, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, obsessive‐compulsive symptoms, anxiety, depression, and emotional and behavioral dyscontrol.ResultsBruxism, insomnia, tic‐related difficulty falling asleep, and melatonin use were commonly endorsed. Sleep disturbance correlated with impairment, obsessive‐compulsive symptoms, and emotional and behavioral dyscontrol. Eveningness correlated with vocal and total tic severity only in TD. Controlling for age and sex, age, impairment, and obsessive‐compulsive symptoms predicted sleep disturbance, and age and tic severity predicted chronotype.ConclusionsImpairment and obsessive‐compulsive symptoms play a role in sleep disturbance in adults with PTDs, and may be intervention targets. Eveningness relates to tic severity, which may suggest the utility of interventions to advance chronotype.
Sexual assault survivors' engagement with advocacy services during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Engleton Jasmine , Goodman‐Williams Rachael , Javorka McKenzie , Gregory Katie , Campbell Rebecca 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSexual assault advocates provide support to survivors as they navigate medical, legal, housing, and other complex systems. However, social distancing measures enacted in response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) forced changes to traditional advocacy services. The current study aimed to understand how the COVID‐19 pandemic transformed survivors' engagement with sexual assault advocacy services. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 12 sexual assault advocates from a community‐based advocacy organization in Detroit. Thematic analysis was employed to uncover emergent themes reflecting COVID‐19's impact on survivors' engagement with advocacy services. Three themes were identified: (1) Disruption to advocacy services; (2) difficulty obtaining tangible resources; and (3) desire for COVID‐related support, information, and resources. This study highlights the needs of sexual assault survivors during the COVID‐19 pandemic and explores how public health emergencies have the potential to exacerbate the needs of this vulnerable population. Implications and future directions for service provision and research are considered.
DDR1 associates with TRPV4 in cell‐matrix adhesions to enable calcium‐regulated myosin activity and collagen compaction
Authors: Wang Andrew Y. , Coelho Nuno M. , Arora Pamma D. , Wang Yongqiang , Eymael Denise , Ji Chenfan , Wang Qin , Lee Wilson , Xu Jessica , Kapus Andras , Carneiro Karina M. M. , McCulloch Christopher A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTissue fibrosis manifests as excessive deposition of compacted, highly aligned collagen fibrils, which interfere with organ structure and function. Cells in collagen‐rich lesions often exhibit marked overexpression of discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1), which is linked to increased collagen compaction through the association of DDR1 with the Ca2+‐dependent nonmuscle myosin IIA (NMIIA). We examined the functional relationship between DDR1 and the transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 (TRPV4) channel, a Ca2+‐permeable ion channel that is implicated in collagen compaction. Fibroblasts expressing high levels of DDR1 were used to model cells in lesions with collagen compaction. In these cells, the expression of the β1 integrin was deleted to simplify studies of DDR1 function. Compared with DDR1 wild‐type cells, high DDR1 expression was associated with increased Ca2+ influx through TRPV4, enrichment of TRPV4 in collagen adhesions, and enhanced contractile activity mediated by NMIIA. At cell adhesion sites to collagen, DDR1 associated with TRPV4, which enhanced DDR1‐mediated collagen alignment and compaction. We conclude that DDR1 regulates Ca2+ influx through the TRPV4 channel to promote critical, DDR1‐mediated processes that are important in lesions with collagen compaction and alignment.
The WNK1 kinase regulates the stability of transcription factors during wound healing of human corneal epithelial cells
Authors: Desjardins Pascale , Le‐Bel Gaëtan , Ghio Sergio C. , Germain Lucie , Guérin Sylvain L. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDue to its superficial anatomical localization, the cornea is continuously subjected to injuries. Damages to the corneal epithelium trigger important changes in the composition of the extracellular matrix to which the basal human corneal epithelial cells (hCECs) attach. These changes are perceived by membrane‐bound integrins and ultimately lead to re‐epithelialization of the injured epithelium through intracellular signalin. Among the many downstream targets of the integrin‐activated signaling pathways, WNK1 is the kinase whose activity is the most strongly increased during corneal wound healing. We previously demonstrated that pharmacological inhibition of WNK1 prevents proper closure of wounded human tissue‐engineered cornea in vitro. In the present study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms by which WNK1 contributes to corneal wound healing. By exploiting transcription factors microarrays, electrophoretic mobility‐shift assay, and gene profiling analyses, we demonstrated that the DNA binding properties and expression of numerous transcription factors (TFs), including the well‐known, ubiquitous TFs specific protein 1 (Sp1) and activator protein 1 (AP1), were reduced in hCECs upon WNK1 inhibition by WNK463. This process appears to be mediated at least in part by alteration in both the ubiquitination and glycosylation status of these TFs. These changes in TFs activity and expression impacted the transcription of several genes, including that encoding the α5 integrin subunit, a well‐known target of both Sp1 and AP1. Gene profiling revealed that only a moderate number of genes in hCECs had their level of expression significantly altered in response to WNK463 exposition. Interestingly, analysis of the microarray data for these deregulated genes using the ingenuity pathway analysis software predicted that hCECs would stop migrating and proliferating but differentiate more when they are grown in the presence of the WNK1 inhibitor. These results demonstrate that WNK1 plays a critical function by orienting hCECs into the appropriate biological response during the process of corneal wound healing.
Hyperglycemic environment disrupts phosphate transporter function and promotes calcification processes in podocytes and isolated glomeruli
Authors: Kulesza Tomasz , Typiak Marlena , Rachubik Patrycja , Audzeyenka Irena , Rogacka Dorota , Angielski Stefan , Saleem Moin A. , Piwkowska Agnieszka 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSoft tissue calcification is a pathological phenomenon that often occurs in end‐stage chronic kidney disease (CKD), which is caused by diabetic nephropathy, among other factors. Hyperphosphatemia present during course of CKD contributes to impairments in kidney function, particularly damages in the glomerular filtration barrier (GFB). Essential elements of the GFB include glomerular epithelial cells, called podocytes. In the present study, we found that human immortalized podocytes express messenger RNA and protein of phosphate transporters, including NaPi 2c (SLC34A3), Pit 1 (SLC20A1), and Pit 2 (SLC20A2), which are sodium‐dependent and mediate intracellular phosphate (Pi) transport, and XPR1, which is responsible for extracellular Pi transport. We found that cells that were grown in a medium with a high glucose (HG) concentration (30 mM) expressed less Pit 1 and Pit 2 protein than podocytes that were cultured in a standard glucose medium (11 mM). We found that exposure of the analyzed transporters in the cell membrane of the podocyte is altered by HG conditions. We also found that the activity of tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase increased in HG, causing a rise in Pi generation. Additionally, HG led to a reduction of the amount of ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 in the cell membrane of podocytes. The extracellular concentration of pyrophosphate also decreased under HG conditions. These data suggest that a hyperglycemic environment enhances the production of Pi in podocytes and its retention in the extracellular space, which may induce glomerular calcification.
The electrophoretic deposition of TiB2 nanoparticles produced by pulsed laser ablation: Case study on microstructural features and micromorphology properties
Authors: Teimouri Elahe , Darabi Elham , Hantehzadeh Mohammadreza , Khajehnezhad Ana 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn the last decade, laser Ablation technique (Nd:YAG) has been considered as a perfect method for producing nanostructures with high purity. In the present study, Titanium diboride nanoparticles (TiB2 NPs) have been deposited on Aluminum (Al) and their micromorphology and microstructural properties have been investigated. The synthesis of TiB2 NPs has been carried out by the Laser Ablation technique (Nd:YAG) which has not been reported so far. Moreover, the effects of laser energy on improving the synthesis of TiB2 NPs have been examined. In this regard, five samples of TiB2 NPs were prepared by Laser Ablation method in different values of laser fluency in the range of 0.4–1.2 J/cm2. The structural properties of prepared nanoparticles were detected by grazing incidence X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. The morphology of samples was also investigated by field effect scanning electron microscopy. The results demonstrate the formation of spherical nanoparticles in all samples. Based on the results of the GIXRD patterns, pulsed laser energy is an effective parameter for the size of ablated nanoparticles. As can be seen, increasing the energy of laser beam decreases the average size of nanoparticles from 79.41 to 4 nm. As the next step, the as‐prepared nanoparticles were deposited on Aluminum substrate with electrophoretic deposition technique at constant applied voltage (30 Volt) and constant deposition time (30 min). The X‐ray diffraction pattern of TiB2 NPs deposited onto Al substrate confirmed the formation of the TiB2 thin films on all Al substrates. Also, the roughness and average particle size of deposited films were measured by atomic force microscopy images and MountainsMap® Premium software. Increasing the fluency of laser beam made the surface more irregular and the maximum value of fractal dimension and hence, the most irregular topography has been observed in the sample produced by maximum laser fluency.Research Highlights
Titanium diboride nanoparticles have been synthesized by the laser ablation technique.
The effects of laser energy on improving the synthesis of TiB2 NPs have been investigated.
The micromorphology of samples have been investigated by analyzing AFM and SEM images.
Application of motivational interviewing strategies with the extended parallel process model to improve risk communication for parents of children with familial hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Winchester Bridget , Cragun Deborah , Redlinger‐Grosse Krista , Walters Scott T. , Ash Erin , Baldry Emma , Zierhut Heather 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCurrent genetic counseling practice has not been found to significantly increase risk communication between family members. A more diverse set of genetic counseling approaches may be needed. A genetic counseling intervention based on motivational interviewing principles and the extended parallel process model was utilized to increase cascade outcomes within families with familial hypercholesterolemia, a common, underdiagnosed, and treatable condition. Parents of children with familial hypercholesterolemia were invited to participate in an online pre‐survey, single‐session genetic counseling intervention, and post‐intervention surveys as a part of the CHEERS (Cholesterol Evaluation to Explore Risk Screening) intervention. This study investigated the efficacy of a genetic counselor delivered motivational interviewing intervention and how parents of children with familial hypercholesterolemia react by assessing family member cholesterol screening and risk communication to at‐risk relatives. Transcripts were audio‐recorded, transcribed, and analyzed for change talk using the Motivational Interviewing Skill Code version 2.1. Participant surveys were analyzed for self‐reported extended parallel process constructs and motivations. Coincidence analysis was conducted to explore differences between those with and without positive cascade outcomes within 12 months after the intervention. On average, change talk increased during the session in order of the extended parallel process constructs (perceived severity, susceptibility, response efficacy, self‐efficacy). Coincidence analysis revealed that 6 of the 7 cases with positive cascade outcomes were explained by either the presence of high change talk during the intervention or presence of positive motivations shortly after, while 5 of the 5 cases without a positive outcome lacked both of these key factors that were associated with cascade outcomes. Results of this study suggest that incorporating motivational interviewing and the extended parallel process model increases change talk and that the presence of either high levels of change talk or positive motivations is associated with positive cascade outcomes.
No effect of oral ketone ester supplementation on exercise capacity in patients with McArdle disease and healthy controls: A randomized placebo‐controlled cross‐over study
Authors: Løkken Nicoline , Storgaard Jesper H. , Revsbech Karoline L. , Voermans Nicol C. , Van Hall Gerrit , Vissing John , Ørngreen Mette C. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPatients with glycogen storage disease type V (GSDV), also known as McArdle disease, have blocked glycogen breakdown due to myophosphorylase deficiency, leading to exercise intolerance, muscle pain, and risk of muscle damage. Blood‐derived ketone bodies (KBs) constitute an alternative energy source that could fuel the muscle independent of glycogenolysis. However, except for long‐time fasting or ketogenic dieting, KBs are present in low quantities. This led us to explore the effects of a drink containing exogenously produced KBs in the form of D‐β‐hydroxybutyrate esters (KE) on exercise capacity and metabolism in patients with GSDV. Eight GSDV patients and four healthy controls (HC) were included in this placebo‐controlled, cross‐over study where subjects were randomized to receive a KE drink with 395 mgKE/kg or placebo drink on two separate days 25 min before a submaximal cycle exercise test. The primary outcome was exercise capacity as indicated by heart rate response (HR) to exercise. Secondary outcomes included perceived exertion (PE) and measures of KB, carbohydrate, and fat metabolism during exercise. In GSDV, the KE drink vs. placebo increased plasma KBs and KB oxidation (p ≤ 0.0001) but did not improve exercise capacity as judged from HR (p = 0.120) and PE (p = 0.109). In addition, the KE drink lowered plasma glucose, free fatty acids, and lowered lipolytic rate and glucose rate of appearance compared with placebo. Similar results were found in the HC group. The present study indicates that an increase in KB oxidation by oral KE supplementation does not improve exercise capacity in GSDV possibly because of KB‐induced inhibition of lipolysis and liver glucose output. Thus, oral KE supplementation alone cannot be recommended as a treatment option for patients with GSDV.
Ppt1‐deficiency dysregulates lysosomal Ca++ homeostasis contributing to pathogenesis in a mouse model of CLN1 disease
Authors: Mondal Avisek , Appu Abhilash P. , Sadhukhan Tamal , Bagh Maria B. , Previde Rafael M. , Sadhukhan Sriparna , Stojilkovic Stanko , Liu Aiyi , Mukherjee Anil B. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractInactivating mutations in the PPT1 gene encoding palmitoyl‐protein thioesterase‐1 (PPT1) underlie the CLN1 disease, a devastating neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder. The mechanism of pathogenesis underlying CLN1 disease has remained elusive. PPT1 is a lysosomal enzyme, which catalyzes the removal of palmitate from S‐palmitoylated proteins (constituents of ceroid lipofuscin) facilitating their degradation and clearance by lysosomal hydrolases. Thus, it has been proposed that Ppt1‐deficiency leads to lysosomal accumulation of ceroid lipofuscin leading to CLN1 disease. While S‐palmitoylation is catalyzed by palmitoyl acyltransferases (called ZDHHCs), palmitoyl‐protein thioesterases (PPTs) depalmitoylate these proteins. We sought to determine the mechanism by which Ppt1‐deficiency may impair lysosomal degradative function leading to infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis pathogenesis. Here, we report that in Ppt1−/− mice, which mimic CLN1 disease, low level of inositol 3‐phosphate receptor‐1 (IP3R1) that mediates Ca++ transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the lysosome dysregulated lysosomal Ca++ homeostasis. Intriguingly, the transcription factor nuclear factor of activated T‐cells, cytoplasmic 4 (NFATC4), which regulates IP3R1‐expression, required S‐palmitoylation for trafficking from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. We identified two palmitoyl acyltransferases, ZDHHC4 and ZDHHC8, which catalyzed S‐palmitoylation of NFATC4. Notably, in Ppt1−/− mice, reduced ZDHHC4 and ZDHHC8 levels markedly lowered S‐palmitoylated NFATC4 (active) in the nucleus, which inhibited IP3R1‐expression, thereby dysregulating lysosomal Ca++ homeostasis. Consequently, Ca++‐dependent lysosomal enzyme activities were markedly suppressed. Impaired lysosomal degradative function impaired autophagy, which caused lysosomal storage of undigested cargo. Importantly, IP3R1‐overexpression in Ppt1−/− mouse fibroblasts ameliorated this defect. Our results reveal a previously unrecognized role of Ppt1 in regulating lysosomal Ca++ homeostasis and suggest that this defect contributes to pathogenesis of CLN1 disease.
Quantification and evaluation of ion transmission efficiency in two‐stage vacuum chamber miniature mass spectrometer
Authors: Guo Chengan , Diao Zhaoyin , Liu Jianli , Yang Baokun , Zhang Jian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMiniature mass spectrometer is more compact and portable than traditional commercial mass spectrometry, with more potential for application outside the laboratory. However, a miniature mass spectrometer is less sensitive than a commercial instrument, limiting its application scenarios. The ion transmission efficiency of the instrument is an essential factor affecting the sensitivity. Still, there are few works of literature on the quantitative study of the ion transmission efficiency of each component from a systematic perspective. In this paper, the Faraday cup coupled with a microcurrent signal testing instrument was used to measure the ions generated by nanoelectrospray ionization (nano‐ESI), which have successfully gone through several components. Then the ion transmission efficiency of each component was quantified. Results showed that the front lens had the highest ion transmission efficiency of 39.7%, whereas the inlet and skimmer had the lowest ion transfer efficiency of 0.8% and 17.1%. Next, the influence of control parameters on ion transmission efficiency of critical components was investigated. If optimized, the ion funnel and the skimmer had the potential to improve their transmission efficiency by 120% and 79%, respectively. This paper shows the decreasing intensity distribution of ions in the whole transmission process and the transmission efficiency of each component, which can guide for improving the sensitivity of the miniature mass spectrometer.
vFLIP‐regulated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks targeting lytic induction for KSHV‐associated malignancies
Authors: Sheng Liuxue , Chen Chen , Chen Yuheng , He Yujia , Zhuang Ruoyu , Gu Yang , Yan Qin , Li Wan , Lu Chun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractKaposi's sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus (KSHV) causes life‐long latent infection and malignancies, including KS commonly found in AIDS patients. Lytic replication can be induced to kill tumor cells harboring latent KSHV, through viral cytopathic effects and the subsequent antiviral immune responses. Viral FLICE‐inhibitory protein (vFLIP), encoded by KSHV ORF K13, inhibits KSHV lytic reactivation, implying that the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks regulated by vFLIP can be modulated to induce the lytic reactivation of latent KSHV, a promising strategy for KSHV‐associated malignancies. Here, we performed whole‐transcriptome sequencing to reveal the global landscape of noncoding RNAs and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in iSLK‐RGB‐BAC16 cells and iSLK‐RGB‐K13 mutant cells. It showed that vFLIP regulated 227 differentially expressed (DE) long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs), 57 DE circular RNAs (circRNAs), 20 DE microRNAs (miRNAs), and 1371 DE mRNAs. Enrichment analysis verified that riboflavin metabolism was simultaneously enriched in DE genes related to miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs. The upregulated hsa‐miR‐378i and hsa‐miR‐3654, and downregulated miR‐4467, miR‐3163, miR‐4451, and miR‐4257 were significantly enriched in the ceRNA complex network, which contained 9 upregulated and 7 downregulated circRNAs, 5 upregulated and 85 downregulated lncRNAs, 5 upregulated and 35 downregulated mRNAs. Finally, we constructed and validated two vFLIP‐regulated ceRNA networks: circRNA hsa_circ_0070049/hsa‐miR‐378i/SPEG/FOXQ1 and lncRNA AL031123.1/hsa‐miR‐378i/SPEG/FOXQ1. Taken together, the two ceRNA networks may mediate KSHV reactivation. These novel findings refreshed the present understanding of ceRNA network in KSHV lytic induction and provided potential therapeutic targets for KSHV‐associated malignancies.
Adverse events following immunization of COVID‐19 (Covaxin) vaccine at a tertiary care center of India
Authors: Parida Swayam Pragyan , Sahu Dinesh Prasad , Singh Arvind Kumar , Alekhya G. , Subba Sonu Hangma , Mishra Abhisek , Padhy Biswa Mohan , Patro Binod Kumar 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe study aimed to assess the adverse events following COVID‐19 vaccine (Covaxin) immunization at a tertiary care institution and also assess the predictors of the adverse events following immunization (AEFI). The prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care institute among the Covaxin beneficiaries between June 28 and September 6, 2021. A total of 1826 participants were assessed for any local or systemic adverse events after seven days of vaccination. A telephonic interview was conducted, and the beneficiaries were assessed according to the adverse event grading. A total of 1826 participants were assessed for AEFI, and 544 (29.8%) reported at least one of the AEFI. No severe adverse events were reported, and about 1.6% had moderate AEFI. Pain at the injection site (14.6%), fever (9.7%), and myalgia (5.9%) were the common adverse events reported by the participants. AEFI incidence was higher in the first dose (38.1%) when compared to the second dose (26.4%), and this finding was significant with a p < 0.001. The major factors associated with AEFI were female sex, history of an allergic reaction, presence of comorbidities, acute infection in the past 3 months, and intake of chronic medications. Precaution needs to be taken while vaccinating individuals having allergies, comorbidities, acute infection in the last 3 months, and individuals on chronic medication.