bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Review on Synthetic Strategies for Useful Oxadiazole Derivatives in
Psychological Disorders
Authors: Saxena Shivani , Kumar Rajnish , Mazumder Avijit , Kumari Sunita , Sharma Divya , Joshi Sagar , Sharma Vikas 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Oxadiazole is a five-membered aromatic heterocyclic ring having two nitrogen and one
oxygen atom. Various isomeric forms have been reported for oxadiazole, such as 1,3,4-oxadiazole,
1,2,4-oxadiazole, 1,2,5-oxadiazole, etc. Currently, a considerable population worldwide is facing several
mental problems due to a competitive lifestyle. The present status of available medicines do not
promise complete cure without any adverse effects. Therefore, these disorders are continuously challenging
the researchers to come up with new molecules with superior efficacy and minimum side effects.
All the isomeric forms of oxadiazole have numerous potential in treating various mental problems
such as Parkinsonism, Alzheimer’s, schizophrenia, and epileptic disorders. In this review article,
we summarize several recently reported synthetic strategies for preparing different oxadiazole and its
derivatives which were found effective in psychological disorders. The researchers will be able to obtain
the necessary information (synthesis strategies) through this article for their future research on
new molecules containing the oxadiazole moiety. Furthermore, this review article will help the researchers
in the fight against mental disorders and highlights possible molecules for the treatment of
mentally challenged people.
The Association between Assisted Reproductive Technology and the Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorders among Offspring: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Maleki Azam , Jenabi Ensiyeh , Bashirian Saeid , Khazaei Salman , Farhadi Nasab Abdollah 
Published: April 2022

Background:
This review aimed to determine the association between assisted reproductive
technology (ART) and increased chances of having an autistic child.

Methods:
The Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus databases were systematically searched for
studies published until December 2020 with the restricted English language. The Newcastle-Ottawa
Scale (NOS) for cohort and case-control studies has been used for the evaluation of quality in individual
studies. We evaluated the heterogeneity among the studies using I-squared. Publication bias
was assessed using the funnel plot and Egger’s and Begg’s tests. We presented results using odds
ratio (OR) and relative ratio (RR) estimates with its 95% confidence intervals (CI) using a randomeffects
model.

Results:
In total, 18 articles were included in the present study. The overall findings of the present
meta-analysis show that the use of ART didn’t associate with the risk of autism spectrum disorders
(ASD) among offspring based on OR and RR (OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.88-1.21) and (RR = 1 .26,
95% CI: 0.96- 1 .55), respectively. We showed a significant association between ART and the risk
of ASD in Asia than in the other regions without heterogeneity.

Conclusion:
Our result showed that the risk of ASD was not increased in children born from ART.
Possible interaction between ART and other regions with increased risk of ASD is important to
point and future studies of this topic were recommended.
The Insights on Why Diabetes Prevalence May Increase Amid or Post
COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sibiya Ntethelelo , Mzimela Nomusa , Mbatha Bonisiwe , Ngubane Phikelelani , Khathi Andile 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Diabetes mellitus and prediabetes have been shown to be associated with
high rates of developing severe COVID 19 complications resulting in morbidity and mortality.
Emerging reports suggest that COVID 19 is associated with glycaemic control aberrations, although
the extent is not clear at present. Accordingly, in this review, the efforts are directed to shed
light on why we can anticipate an increase in diabetes cases amid or post-COVID 19 pandemic.

Methods:
Articles reviewed were identified using the Google Scholar database, and the search was
done using the English language.

Results:
Previous studies have shown that viral inflammation triggers insulin resistance, which can
progress to overt diabetes. SARS-CoV-2 has also been shown to cause acute pancreatitis, which
can increase the risk of developing diabetes mellitus. The control of the COVID 19 pandemic partly
relied on non-pharmaceutical measures, which included lockdowns. This resulted in a lack of
physical activity and unhealthy eating behaviour, which could contribute to obesity and, ultimately,
insulin resistance.

Conclusion:
While no concrete data has been established on the possibility of seeing an increase in
diabetes prevalence due to COVID 19, studies are necessary to establish the link. Despite the unavailability
of data at present, we suggest that frequent screening of diabetes and prediabetes should
be encouraged, especially in those individuals with a history of COVID 19 infection.
Antiviral Properties of Various Bioactive Components Present in the Root
of Glycyrrhiza glabra: Review
Authors: Joseph J. Noel , Shrivastava Akansha , Benny Bitto , Baig Mohamed Yusuf , Georgine S. Ann , Saral A. Mary 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
The plant, Glycyrrhiza glabra species (liquorice or licorice), a flowering plant of the bean family Fabaceae, is of utmost importance as it contains glycyrrhizin an important antiviral compound along with other significant phytoconstituents like glycyrrhetinic acid, glabrin A&B, triterpene sterols, isoflavones, and many more. Glycyrrhiza glabra has been recognized since time immemorial for its ethnopharmacological values, as it exhibits various pharmacological activities. The crux of this review focuses on the antiviral activity of liquorice against several viruses that pose a severe threat to humankind like herpes simplex virus (HSV), Hepatitis C virus (HCV), H5N1 virus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), H3N2 virus, influenza, and influenza A virus, pseudorabies virus (PrV), etc. To recapitulate, this review article explains the compilation of data obtained from Scopus indexed journal articles over 5 years ranging from 2015 to 2020, which not only aims to shed light on the application of Glycyrrhiza glabra against human viruses but also on how to develop these responses further to improve the efficacy. Further the review also focuses on of Glycyrrhiza glabra for its potential commercial uses, such as for the treatment of porcine virus in pigs and piglets, is also verified.
Pyrazole Scaffolds: Centrality in Anti-Inflammatory and Antiviral Drug
Design
Authors: Karati Dipanjan , Mahadik Kakasaheb Ramoo , Kumar Dileep 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Pyrazole is a component of a diversity of bioactive heterocyclic congeners
with a broad-spectrum range of biological and pharmacological uses. Designing novel pyrazole and
its analogues, revealing new routes for synthesizing this nucleus, exploring various potencies of that
heterocycles, and looking for possible applications of pyrazoles are all becoming more important due
to their numerous potential applications.

Objectives:
Pyrazole scaffolds have been proven to be successful as anti-viral and anti-inflammatory
therapeutics against multiple targets like HSV-1, NNRTI, H1N1, CoX-1, and CoX-2. Due to this
miscellany in the biotic area, this moiety has engrossed the consideration of many scientists to study
chemistry and pharmacological profile.

Results:
The review encompasses pyrazole having various scaffolds with multiple biological activities
and attempts have also been made to correlate their structure-activity relationship. Multiple pyrazole
correspondents have been synthesized as lead molecules and performed valuation for their actions.

Conclusion:
The incorporation of pyrazole with other pharmacophores in the molecule might lead to
novel potent therapeutic agents that will further help in designing potent lead molecules.
Potential for Application of Lignin Based Micro/Nanostructures as a
Micro/Nanocarrier in the Controlled Release Systems: A Review
Authors: Babapoor Aziz , Morad Samira , Azizi Mohammad Mehdi , Movasaghi Mina 
Published: April 2022

Background:
A promising strategy is to apply biodegradable and biocompatibility
lignin micro/nanoparticles (LMPs/LNPs) as carriers or coating materials for biological active
agent delivery in agriculture medicine and pharmaceuticals. Controlled release systems (CRSs)
based on LMPs/LNPs are suitable systems to target specific tissues, cells, or plant roots by taking
advantage of the unique properties of LMPs/LNPs.

Methods:
This review discusses changes in the properties of LNPs caused by different parameters
in the synthesis method, such as the type of biologically active agent, loading/release method,
modification method, encapsulation efficiency, and release rate of the CRSs based on
LMPs/LNPs. Results: Research shows that during the LMPs/LNPs synthesis, nanospheres with a
porous surface, nanocapsules, or hollow nanospheres with excellent stability and chemical properties
are produced, which causes high loading capacity and reduced release rates of active
agents. Moreover, the advantages and technical challenges of lignin application as a micro/
nanocarrier were investigated.

Conclusion:
Finally, several suggestions for the future trend of research and development were
recommended.
Stem Cells in Bone Repair and Regeneration
Authors: Berika Mohamed , El-Hashash Ahmed H.K. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Bones normally function to provide both mechanical and locomotion supports in the body.
They are highly specialized connective tissues that are characterized by mineralized extracellular components,
which provide both rigidity and strength to bones. Stem cells hold great potentials for both the
repair and regeneration of different tissue types, including bone tissues. The future use of stem cell therapy
is promising for developing regenerative medicine approaches to treat disorders and diseases in a wide
range of tissues such as cartilages and bones. Data have been accumulated recently on the application of
different stem cell types in bone repair, regeneration, and disorders. In this article, we briefly describe the
bone structure and review research progress and recently accumulated data on stem cell differentiation
into osteoblasts as well as discuss the contributions of stem cell types to bone and cartilage repair, regeneration,
and disease.
Preclinical Studies on Neural Stem/Progenitor Cell Therapy for Ischemic
Stroke: A Systematic Review
Authors: Zhang Mengze , Wang Kan , Xue Chunran , Xie Chong , Wang Ze , Song Yaying , Yu Haojun , Hao Yong , Guan Yangtai 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) transplantation has been recognized in
recent years as an effective strategy for the treatment of ischemic stroke. Several preclinical studies have
demonstrated the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of NSPCs therapy.

Method:
We conducted a systematic review of the published literature in Pubmed reporting the use of
NSPCs in preclinical studies between 2010 and 2021. Based on the articles reporting data, the key factors
affecting efficacy were listed.

Results:
A total of 71 preclinical studies, including 91 treatment arms, were identified. The results
showed that several factors could influence the outcomes of NSPCs transplantation, including the type of
donor cells, cell dose, time of administration after stroke, delivery route, and anesthetic. Treatment outcomes
were measured by infarct volume, behavioral tests, and molecular and cellular level results.

Conclusion:
Most of the preclinical studies reported statistically significant effects and very few adverse
reactions. Transplantation of NSPCs for ischemic stroke still needs to be optimized for several key factors.
A standardized treatment outcome assessment could ease the translation of evidence in clinical settings.
Thiazolopyrimidine Scaffold as a Promising Nucleus for Developing Anticancer
Drugs: A Review Conducted in Last Decade
Authors: Islam Md. Rabiul , Fahmy Hesham 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
The thiazolopyrimidine nucleus is a bioisosteric analog of purine and an important class of N-containing
heterocycles. Thiazolopyrimidine scaffolds are considered a promising class of bioactive compounds that encompass
diverse biological activities, such as antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, anticancer, corticotrophin-releasing factor antagonists,
anti-inflammatory, antituberculosis, and glutamic receptors antagonists. Despite the importance of thiazolopyrimidines
from a pharmacological viewpoint, there is hardly a comprehensive review on this important heterocyclic
nucleus. Throughout the years, those scaffolds have been studied extensively for its anticancer properties and
several compounds were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their anticancer effects with activity in the μM to nM
range. However, there are hardly any reviews covering the anticancer effects of thiazolopyrimidines.
In this review, an effort was made to compile literature covering the anticancer activity of thiazolopyrimidines reported
in the last decade (2010-2020). Nearly thirty articles were reviewed and compounds with IC50 < 50 μM against at least
50% of the used cell lines were listed in this review. The best ten compounds (10a, 14b, 17g, 18, 25e, 25k, 34e, 41i,
49a and 49c) showing the best anticancer activity against the corresponding cell lines during the last 10 years are highlighted.
By highlighting the most active compounds, this review article sheds light on the structural features associated with the
strongest anticancer effects to provide guidance for future research aiming to develop anticancer molecules.
Ontology Evaluation Tools: Current and Future Research
Authors: Debnath Narayan C. , Patel Archana 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:In recent years, the increasing interest in ontologies resulted in the developing and publishing of many ontologies in the same or different domains. When users try to reuse the existing ontologies in their applications, they may encounter problems determining the most appropriate ontology based on their needs. Ontology evaluation is a process that helps users to examine the quality of the ontology based on different attributes. Many accessible and usable tools for ontology evaluation have been studied in the literature. However, finding an efficient ontology evaluation tool, following ontology specifications and their requirements (advantages/disadvantages), is still missing, limiting the researchers from determining possible future research. This paper aims to help new researchers and practitioners identify appropriate ontology evaluation tools based on their requirements and provide guidelines for future research directions on the same topic. This paper provides a detailed description of the different types of ontologies and classifies the available ontology evaluation tools into two categories, namely domain dependant ontology evaluation tools and domain-independent ontology evaluation tools.
A Novel Method for the Syntheses of Imidazo-Thiadiazoles as Potential
Antioxidants and Anti-Inflammatory Agents
Authors: Raut Dattatraya G. , Bhosale Raghunath B. , Lawand Anjana S. , Hublikar Mahesh G. , Kadu Vikas D. , Patil Sandeep B. 
Published: April 2022

Background:
A literature survey revealed that many imidazo-thiadiazole molecules were used as key intermediates for the development of novel drugs. The synthesized imidazo-thiadiazole derivatives were tested for their in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The purpose of this research paper is to provide readers with information regarding diseases caused by free radicals.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to develop novel antioxidant and anti-inflammatory drugs.

Methods::
Imidazo-thiadiazole derivatives 5a-f were synthesized through cyclo-condensation reactions in two steps. First, the synthesis of 2-amino-thiadiazole derivatives from substituted aromatic carbox-ylic acids and thiosemicarbazide by using POCl3 as a solvent as well as a catalyst was performed. In the next step, imidazo-thiadiazoles were prepared from 2-amino-thiadiazole derivatives with appropri-ate α-haloketones in the presence of polyethylene glycol-300 (PEG-300) as a green solvent. These im-idazo-thiadiazole derivatives were prepared by using a novel method. The synthesized compounds were in vitro tested for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.

Results:
In vitro evaluation report showed that nearly all molecules possess potential antioxidant activ-ity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide (NO), superoxide radical (SOR), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) radical scavenging activity. Most of the imidazo-thiadiazole derivatives have shown significant anti-inflammatory activity as compared to diclofenac sodium as a reference standard.

Conclusion:
In the search for novel therapies to treat inflammation and oxidation, we have made efforts to develop anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents with a preeminent activity. Imidazo-thiadiazoles 5a, 5e as well as 5f showed potential anti-inflammatory activity. All tested imidazo-thiadiazole deriv-atives (5a-f) showed potential antioxidant activity against one more radical scavenging species as com-pared to ascorbic acid as the reference standard. Thus, imidazo-thiadiazole derivatives constitute an interesting template for the design and development of new antioxidant as well as anti-inflammatory agents.
Parametric study of E. coli incidence with reference to the New Zealand freshwater standards and the Manawatū–Whanganui region
Authors: Marsland Stephen , McLachlan Robert , Tuffley Christopher 
Published: April 2022

The New Zealand National Policy Statement for Freshwater Management 2020 sets several targets for freshwater quality, six of which are measurements of rivers; others relate to lakes. Each regional council is required to monitor freshwater quality and to respond as prescribed in order to meet the targets. One target of particular public interest is based on four criteria determined from recent E. coli readings, and concerns the health risk of swimming in a river. However, the inherent variability of the data makes it difficult to determine the water quality state and trend reliably, particularly using traditional methods based on percentiles. Therefore, in this study we return to the parametric lognormal model of E. coli distribution, from which the official criteria were developed. We interpret the classification system in terms of the parametric model and show that the parametric model can reduce uncertainty and can incorporate more useful information, especially from very high E. coli readings, and is suitable for censored data. We apply the parametric model for state and trend to 135 sites in the Manawatū–Whanganui region.
Where Opioid Overdose Patients Live Far From Treatment: Geospatial Analysis of Underserved Populations in New York State
Authors: Abell-Hart Kayley , Rashidian Sina , Teng Dejun , Rosenthal Richard N , Wang Fusheng 
Published: April 2022

Background
Opioid addiction and overdose have a large burden of disease and mortality in New York State (NYS). The medication naloxone can reverse an overdose, and buprenorphine can treat opioid use disorder. Efforts to increase the accessibility of both medications include a naloxone standing order and a waiver program for prescribing buprenorphine outside a licensed drug treatment program. However, only a slim majority of NYS pharmacies are listed as participating in the naloxone standing order, and less than 7% of prescribers in NYS have a buprenorphine waiver. Therefore, there is a significant opportunity to increase access.

Objective
Identifying the geographic regions of NYS that are farthest from resources can help target interventions to improve access to naloxone and buprenorphine. To maximize the efficiency of such efforts, we also sought to determine where these underserved regions overlap with the largest numbers of actual patients who have experienced opioid overdose.

Methods
We used address data to assess the spatial distribution of naloxone pharmacies and buprenorphine prescribers. Using the home addresses of patients who had an opioid overdose, we identified geographic locations of resource deficits. We report findings at the high spatial granularity of census tracts, with some neighboring census tracts merged to preserve privacy.

Results
We identified several hot spots, where many patients live far from the nearest resource of each type. The highest density of patients in areas far from naloxone pharmacies was found in eastern Broome county. For areas far from buprenorphine prescribers, we identified subregions of Oswego county and Wayne county as having a high number of potentially underserved patients.

Conclusions
Although NYS is home to thousands of naloxone pharmacies and potential buprenorphine prescribers, access is not uniform. Spatial analysis revealed census tract areas that are far from resources, yet contain the residences of many patients who have experienced opioid overdose. Our findings have implications for public health decision support in NYS. Our methods for privacy can also be applied to other spatial supply-demand problems involving sensitive data.
Burden of tyrosine kinase inhibitor failure in Chinese chronic myeloid leukemia patients: a systematic literature review
Authors: Zhang Yanli , Chen Wendong , Pathak Ashutosh , Yang Yicheng , Yang Dajun , Zhai Yifan 
Published: April 2022

Aim:
To conduct a systematic literature review of real-world evidence on the burden of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) failure in Chinese patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).
Methods:
We identified 155 references in Chinese- and English-language journals from 2001 to 2021.
Results:
The age-adjusted mortality rate in Chinese CML patients was decreasing. Imatinib treatment had a higher annual treatment failure risk than nilotinib (0.199 vs 0.041). Patients with TKI treatment failure tended to be young (median: 38.6 years), have progressive disease (44.3%) and harbor
BCR-ABL1
mutations (51.6%). The disease burden of TKI treatment failure included reduced health outcomes and increased health resource utilization and costs.
Conclusion:
CML relapse cases could continuously rise in China due to increasing TKI treatment failure over extended survival.
Pemanfaatan Aplikasi WhatsApp untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Siswa Menyanyikan Pupuh Maskumambang
Authors: Juni Astini Gst. Made , Purnami Ida Ayu Putu , Ludy Paryatna Ida Bagus Made 
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya kesulitan belajar menyanyikan pupuh pada pembelajaran online yang diterapkan sekolah karena pandemi covid-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan (1) tata cara menggunakan aplikasi WhatsApp untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menyanyikan pupuh maskumambang siswa kelas X IBB 1 SMA Negeri 1 Sukasada. (2) Aplikasi WhatsApp digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menyanyikan pupuh maskumambang siswa kelas X IBB 1 SMA Negeri 1 Sukasada. (3) Pendapat siswa kelas X IBB 1 SMA Negeri 1 Sukasada tentang pembelajaran menyanyikan pupuh maskumambang menggunakan aplikasi WhatsApp. Penelitian ini menggunakan data deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah observasi, tes, dan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian meliputi : (1) tata cara menggunakan aplikasi WhatsApp untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menyanyikan pupuh maskumambang siswa kelas X IBB 1 SMA Negeri 1 Sukasada sesuai dengan rencana pembelajaran yang telah dibuat. (2) Aplikasi WhatsApp digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menyanyikan pupuh maskumambang siswa kelas X IBB 1 SMA Negeri 1 Sukasada dengan hasil peningkatan nilai pada siklus I dengan siklus II yaitu 13,85%. (3). Pendapat siswa kelas X IBB 1 SMA Negeri 1 Sukasada tentang pembelajaran menyanyikan pupuh maskumambang menggunakan aplikasi WhatsApp tergolong pada kategori positif. Hal ini menunjukan pengaruh yang baik ketika pembelajaran menyanyikan pupuh maskumambang memanfaatkan aplikasi WhatsApp. Kata kunci: Aplikasi, WhatsApp, pupuh