bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Singularity Category Of An Exact Category Applied To Characterize Gorenstein Schemes
Authors: Christensen Lars Winther , Ding Nanqing , Estrada Sergio , Hu Jiangsheng , Li Huanhuan , Thompson Peder 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe construct a non-affine analogue of the singularity category of a Gorenstein local ring. With this, Buchweitz’s classic equivalence of three triangulated categories over a Gorenstein local ring has been generalized to schemes, a project started by Murfet and Salarian more than ten years ago. Our construction originates in a framework we develop for singularity categories of exact categories. As an application of this framework in the non-commutative setting, we characterize rings of finite finitistic dimension.
DETAILED INDOOR RADON SURVEY IN DWELLINGS OF PROVISIONAL RADON-PRONE AREAS IN KOREA
Authors: Park Jaewoo , Kim Yong-Jae , Chang Byung-Uck , Kim Kwang Pyo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The objective of this study is to determine indoor radon concentrations for 11 counties in Korea, develop a detailed radon distribution map and compare the results by some factors influencing indoor radon levels. The radon survey was conducted for 7 y in provisional radon-prone areas selected based on the previous national surveys. The total number of samples was &gt;2.5% of the entire dwellings by each county. The annual average indoor radon concentration for the survey areas had a geometric mean of 94 Bq m−3 with 6.6% of all sampled dwellings showing values exceeding 300 Bq m−3. Some areas with relatively high indoor radon concentration were identified through a spatial distribution map. Seasonal variations were observed with commonly the highest concentration in winter, and house characteristics influencing indoor radon levels. This study can serve as a basis for developing national radon action plans and guide for additional regional radon surveys.
The genetic risk factors for pregnancy‐induced hypertension: Evidence from genetic polymorphisms
Authors: Wei Wenwen , Wang Xin , Zhou Yuanzhong , Shang Xuejun , Yu Hongsong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPregnancy‐induced hypertension (PIH) is a multifactorial and severe pregnancy complication including preeclampsia/eclampsia, gestational hypertension, chronic (pre‐existing) hypertension, and preeclampsia/eclampsia variants superimposed on chronic hypertension. PIH‐induced maternal mortality accounts for approximately 9% of all maternal deaths over the world. A large number of case‐control studies have established the importance of various genetic factors in the occurrence and development of PIH. In this narrative review, we summarized the genetic risk factors involved in the renin‐angiotensin system, endothelin system, inflammatory factors, oxidative stress, and other functional networks, with the aim of sorting out the genetic factors that may play a potential role in PIH and providing new ideas to elucidate the pathogenesis of PIH.
Double Dosing Levonorgestrel-Based Emergency Contraception for Individuals With Obesity
Authors: Edelman Alison B. , Hennebold Jon D. , Bond Kise , Lim Jeong Y. , Cherala Ganesh , Archer David F. , Jensen Jeffrey T. 
Published: June 2022

OBJECTIVE:
To assess whether dose escalation (ie, doubling the dose) of emergency contraception that contains levonorgestrel (LNG) improves pharmacodynamic outcomes in individuals with obesity.

METHODS:
We enrolled healthy, reproductive-age individuals with regular menstrual cycles, body mass index (BMI) higher than 30, and weight at least 176 lbs in a randomized pharmacodynamic study. After confirming ovulation (luteal progesterone level greater than 3 ng/mL), we monitored participants with transvaginal ultrasonography and blood sampling for progesterone, luteinizing hormone, and estradiol every other day until a dominant follicle measuring 15 mm or greater was visualized. At that point, participants received either oral emergency contraception with LNG 1.5 mg or 3 mg (double dose) and returned for daily monitoring for up to 7 days. Our primary outcome was the difference in the proportion of participants with no follicle rupture 5 days postdosing (yes or no) between groups. The study had 80% power to detect a 30% difference in the proportion of cycles with at least a 5-day delay in follicle rupture (50% decrease).

RESULTS:
A total of 70 enrolled and completed study procedures. The two groups had similar baseline demographics (mean age 28 years, BMI 38). We found no difference between groups in the proportion of participants without follicle rupture more than 5 days post–LNG dosing (LNG 1.5 mg: 18/35 [51.4%]; LNG 3.0 mg: 24/35 [68.6%], P=.14). Among participants with follicle rupture before 5 days, the time to rupture did not differ between groups (day at 75% probability of no rupture is day 2 for both groups).

CONCLUSION:
Individuals with higher BMIs and weights experience a higher risk of failure of emergency contraception with LNG and exhibit an altered pharmacokinetic profile. However, the simple strategy of doubling the dose does not appear to be an effective intervention to improve outcomes.

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION:

ClinicalTrials.gov, 02859337.
Antenatal Corticosteroids and Neonatal Outcomes in Twins
Authors: Socha Peter , McGee Alice , Bhattacharya Sohinee , Young Catriona , Wang Rui 
Published: June 2022

OBJECTIVE:
To assess whether antenatal corticosteroid treatment is associated with improved neonatal outcomes in twins.

DATA SOURCES:
We searched MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library, from inception through August 12, 2021. We did not search ClinicalTrials.gov because our inclusion criteria were restricted to nonrandomized studies.

METHODS of STUDY SELECTION:
Records (n=7,802) were screened in Rayyan by two independent reviewers. We included all nonrandomized studies that compared antenatal corticosteroid treatment with no treatment in twins. Our outcomes of interest were neonatal mortality, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), intraventricular hemorrhage, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, periventricular leukomalacia, and retinopathy of prematurity.

TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS:
We used the ROBINS-I tool (Risk Of Bias In Non-randomised Studies - of Interventions) to assess risk of bias. We performed random-effects meta-analyses of estimates from studies without critical risk of bias due to confounding, and reported summary adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% CIs. Eighteen cohort studies (that reported on 33,152 neonates) met inclusion criteria. Sixteen studies restricted to preterm gestational ages, and 11 defined exposed neonates based on an optimal corticosteroid administration-to-birth interval. Limitations due to confounding and selection bias were common concerns for the risk-of-bias assessments (n=14 at critical or higher), and 11 studies did not account for clustering within twin pairs in their analyses. All included studies had at least moderate risk of bias. Meta-analysis showed that antenatal corticosteroid administration was associated with lower odds of neonatal mortality (aOR 0.59, 95% CI 0.43–0.80, I2 69%, five studies, 20,312 neonates) and RDS (aOR 0.70, 95% CI 0.57–0.86, I2 67%, seven studies, 20,628 neonates) in twins. Results were inconclusive for the other outcomes.

CONCLUSION:
Evidence from nonrandomized studies suggests antenatal corticosteroids are associated with lower incidence of neonatal mortality and RDS in twins.

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION:
PROSPERO, CRD42020205302.
Age-related High-frequency Hearing Loss Is Not Associated With Horizontal Semicircular Canal Function
Authors: Schubert Nick M. A. , Roelofs Catelijne G. , Free Rolien H. , Wiersinga-Post J. Esther C. , Pyott Sonja J. 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
Investigate the association between age-related hearing loss and reduced peripheral vestibular function using paired assessments of high-frequency hearing and horizontal semicircular canal (HSC) function. We hypothesized that age-related high-frequency hearing loss would be correlated with reduced HSC function and, therefore, useful to predict age-related vestibular hypofunction.

Design:
We conducted a single center, retrospective cross-sectional study in a tertiary/academic referral hospital. This study included 185 patients who were diagnosed with a cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumor and referred to the academic hospital to evaluate treatment options. Data collected included pure-tone audiometry, caloric reflex test, video head-impulse test (vHIT), and medical history. High-frequency hearing loss was quantified by the high Fletcher index (hFI), and horizontal semicircular canal (HSC) function were quantified by the caloric reflex test and vHIT.

Results:
We observed a significant association between age and high-frequency hearing loss that was significantly worse in men compared with women. In contrast, we observed no significant association between age and HSC function assessed by either the caloric reflex test or vHIT. We observed associations between HSC function and sex, with male sex predicting reduced HSC function by caloric reflex testing but enhanced HSC function by vHIT. High-frequency hearing loss did not predict HSC hypofunction.

Conclusions:
We found no evidence indicating age-related decline in HSC function or an association between age-related high-frequency hearing loss and age-related decline in HSC function. We did observe sex-specific differences in HSC function. Our study highlights the need for sex-specific normative values for identifying age-related reduced peripheral vestibular function and for future work linking comprehensive assessments of inner ear function with tests of balance and stability to understand the complex interactions underlying hearing loss and imbalance, especially in the elderly.
Outcomes of Prolene Gonioscopy Assisted Transluminal Trabeculotomy in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma and Pseudoexfoliation Glaucoma: A Comparative Study
Authors: Aktas Zeynep , Ozdemir Zeydanli Ece , Uysal Betul Seher , Yigiter Ahmet 
Published: June 2022

Précis:
Gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (GATT) provides greater intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction in pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PXG) than in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) in the first year of surgery; however, the difference between groups equalizes in the long term.

Purpose:
To compare outcomes of GATT in eyes with POAG and PXG.

Methods:
Single-center, retrospective, comparative case-series. A total of 202 eyes (91 eyes of POAG; 111 eyes of PXG) were included. GATT was performed as a standalone procedure or in combination with cataract extraction. Outcome measures were change in IOP and number of medications at all time points (1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, and 36 mo after surgery), success rate (IOP reduction ≥20% from baseline or IOP between 6 and 21 mmHg, without further glaucoma surgery), and complication rate. Cumulative success probabilities were compared using Kaplan-Meier survival analyses.

Results:
The mean IOP decreased by 8.8 mmHg (34.4%) in the POAG group with a mean decrease of 2 glaucoma medications at final visit. In the PXG group, the mean IOP decreased by 12.8 mm Hg (44.6%) on 2.3 fewer medications. Mean IOP reduction was significantly higher in PXG than POAG at all time points up to 2-year visit (P<0.05 for all), after which the difference was not significant. Cumulative success probability during the first year was significantly higher in PXG (97.6%) than in POAG (86.8%) (P=0.01); no significant difference was found at 2-year (P=0.07) and 3-year visits (P=0.24).

Conclusion:
GATT was safe and effectively reduced the IOP and medication burden in patients with POAG and PXG. In the first year after GATT, a significantly higher success rate was noted in PXG compared with POAG; however, in subsequent years, the success rate was similar at ~75%.
“So There. I Won.”
Authors: Jenkins Danisha , Burton Candace , Holmes Dave 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective
The objectives of this study were to give voice to the lived experiences of nurses and law enforcement officers (LEOs) who interact with one another in acute hospital settings and to interpret and understand their unique perspectives and experiences.

Methods
This qualitative study employed interpretative phenomenological analysis in the interviews of registered nurses and LEOs. The analysis and discussion was underpinned by biopolitical theories of power and control, including Georgio Agamben, Michel Foucault, and Erving Goffman.

Results
There is a paucity of literature on nurse and law enforcement interactions in the hospital setting. Nurses and law enforcement exerted power and authority through several means. Overwhelmingly, participants described a contentious dynamic between nurses and LEOs in the hospital, wrought with argument, stress, and a feeling of coming from “different worlds.”

Conclusion
The results provide alarming examples of deformed caring practices and assert the necessity for continued unearthing and discussion of how nurses can, and should, navigate law enforcement interaction. The tangible interference of care is of particular importance and consideration for nurses. Inequity in care and unfavorable outcomes for already marginalized and vulnerable populations are of grave concern. Additional research is needed on the specific ways this struggle for power between institutions and their political actors impairs caring practices and the emotional and psychological sequelae of these interactions.
Surgical resection versus radiofrequency ablation for early recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Shi Tongtong , Xu Chenghui , Feng Yuemin , Wei Yingnan , Lv Huanran , Zhu Qiang 
Published: June 2022

Background
Surgical resection (SR) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) are reasonable treatment options for early recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (rHCC), but it is still uncertain which treatment is better. The purpose of this study was to compare the therapeutic effects of SR and RFA on patients with early rHCC.

Methods
This study enrolled 168 patients with early rHCC who underwent SR or RFA. The progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and complications between the treatment groups for the total and propensity score-matched (PSM) cohorts were compared.

Results
Before PSM, the 1-, 3-, 5-year OS (94.8%, 63.0%, 36.1% vs. 93.8%, 58.5%, 35.4%, P = 0.580) and PFS (50.7%, 22.7%, 12.0% vs. 68.8%, 30.3%, 15.9%, P = 0.224) were similar in RFA group and the SR group. After PSM, the 1-, 3-, 5-year OS (95.5%, 71.1%, 53.3% vs. 95.5%, 58.0%, 42.1%, P = 0.285) and PFS (50%, 36.4%, 27.3% vs. 68.2%, 25.6%, 12.8%, P = 0.999) were similar in the RFA group and the SR group. For patients with early recurrent tumors ≤3 cm, RFA and SR could achieve similar curative effects. However, SR was superior to RFA in terms PFS for patients with early recurrent tumors >3 cm, but the OS was similar. For all patients, RFA had significantly fewer complications and shorter hospitalization time compared with SR.

Conclusion
SR achieves better tumor control compared with RFA for patients with early rHCC (>3 cm) after SR. RFA had significantly fewer complications and shorter hospitalization time compared with SR for all patients.
Pancreatic-Like Cells Derived From Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Are Regulated by Pdx1 Involving the Notch Pathway
Authors: Zhong Wa , Lai Yu , Xia Zhong-Sheng , Lin Ying , Ni Chu-Yan , Yu Zhong , Li Jie-Yao , Yu Tao , Chen Qi-Kui 
Published: June 2022

Objectives
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs)–derived pancreatic precursor cells have great potential for pancreas repair. Expression of pancreatic duodenal homeobox 1 (Pdx1) in definitive endoderm (DE) cells is the premise that DE cells differentiate into pancreatic cells. To achieve the required number of Pdx1-expressing DE cells for cell transplantation therapy, a valid model must be established. Using this model, researchers investigated how Pdx1 regulates ESC differentiation into pancreatic cells.

Methods
Tet-On inducible lentiviral vector encoding Pdx1 or mock vector was transduced into mouse ESC (ES-E14TG2a). The mouse ESCs were divided into 3 groups: control (ESC), mock vector (Pdx1−-ESC), and vector encoding Pdx1 (Pdx1+-ESC). All groups were separately cocultured with the DE cells sorted by immune beads containing CXCR-4+ (C-X-C chemokine receptor type-4) antibody. Doxycycline induced the expression of Pdx1 on the Pdx1+-ESC cells. The markers of cell differentiation and Notch pathway were examined.

Results
Significantly increased expression levels of Ptf1a, CK19, and amylase on day (d) 3 and d7, Neuro-D1 on d10 and d14, Pax6 and insulin on d14, as well as Notch1, Notch2, Hes1, and Hes5 on d3 and thereafter declined on d14 were observed in Pdx1+-ESC group.

Conclusions
Pdx1+-ESC could differentiate into pancreatic-like cells with involvement of the Notch pathway.
Rising Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression in Chronic Pancreatitis
Authors: Makar Michael , Vodusek Ziga , Xia Weiyi , Greenberg Patricia , Abdelsayed George G. 
Published: June 2022

Objectives
We aim to characterize the prevalence and impact of anxiety and depression (AD) in hospitalized patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP). Anxiety and depression have been shown to have a significant impact on mortality and length of stay in gastrointestinal diseases, but there are limited studies evaluating its impact on CP.

Methods
We performed a retrospective analysis using the National Inpatient Sample from 2007 to 2014. The outcomes were the prevalence and trend of AD, impact on mortality, length of stay, and cost and independent predictors of AD.

Results
A total of 75,744 patients with CP were included in our analysis, of which 23,323 (31%) had anxiety or depression. The prevalence of anxiety increased from 7.33% in 2007 to 20.02% in 2014. Depression increased from 18.49% in 2007 to 23.89% in 2014. Independent predictors of AD were decreasing age, female sex, and multiple comorbidities. Decreased risk was seen in African Americans, Hispanics, and those from the South and West. Anxiety and depression did not impact overall mortality or length of stay.

Conclusions
Anxiety and depression are increasingly recognized diagnosis in patients with CP. Careful management and treatment of psychiatric illnesses and improving quality of life need to be addressed for these patients.
Estimating Fatty Pancreas—A Preoperative Bedside Assessment by Bioelectric Impedance Analysis
Authors: Angrisani Marco , Ceresoli Marco , Ippolito Davide , Pagni Fabio , Gandola Davide , Seminati Davide , Casati Gabriele , Sironi Sandro , Braga Marco , Roccamatisi Linda , Uggeri Fabio , Sandini Marta , Gianotti Luca 
Published: June 2022

Objective
The aim of the study was to evaluate whether fatty pancreas could be estimated by fat mass measurement by preoperative bioelectric impedance analysis. Preoperative computed tomography scan and pathologic evaluation were used as validation methods. Moreover, the 3 methodologies were tested for their ability in predicting postoperative pancreatic fistula.

Methods
Seventy-five patients who underwent pancreatic resection were analyzed. Preoperative computed tomography attenuation in Hounsfield unit (CT-HU) was used to assess fatty pancreas. Bioelectric impedance analysis was performed the day before surgery and fat mass index (FMI) was calculated. Pancreatic steatosis was assessed by pathologists at the line of surgical transection. The ability of the methods in predicting postoperative pancreatic fistula was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristics curves.

Results
There was a strong correlation between CT-HU values and grade of pancreatic steatosis evaluated at histology (r = −0.852, P < 0.001) and a moderate correlation between FMI and histologic pancreatic steatosis (r = 0.612, P < 0.001) and between CT-HU value and FMI (r = −0.659, P < 0.001) values. The area under the curve (95% confidence interval) was 0.942 (0.879–1) for histology, 0.924 (0.844–1) for CT-HU, and 0.884 (0.778–0.990) for FMI.

Conclusions
Bioelectric impedance analysis represents a valid alternative to assess pancreatic steatosis.
Aggressive Intervention of Pancrelipase After Pancreatectomy Prevents Deterioration of Postoperative Nutritional Status
Authors: Maehira Hiromitsu , Iida Hiroya , Mori Haruki , Nitta Nobuhito , Maekawa Takeru , Tokuda Aya , Takebayashi Katsushi , Kaida Sachiko , Miyake Toru , Tani Masaji 
Published: June 2022

Objectives
This study aimed to investigate the effect of early administration of delayed-release high-titer pancrelipase.

Methods
The medical records of 120 patients who had undergone pancreatectomy with computed tomography (CT) before and 6 months after surgery were retrospectively reviewed. Delayed-release high-titer pancrelipase were administered daily starting on postoperative day 3, which was defined as the EP group. The postoperative nutritional status and CT attenuation values of the liver were compared between the EP and control groups.

Results
Thirty-three patients (28%) were categorized into the EP group. With regard to the postoperative nutritional status 6 months after surgery, the body mass index, total lymphocyte count, and Onodera’s prognostic nutritional index were higher, and controlling nutritional status score was lower in the EP group than that in the control group. The CT attenuation values of the liver were not significantly different. After propensity score matching analysis, body mass index (20.7 vs 19.2, P = 0.049) and Onodera’s prognostic nutritional index (47.9 vs 44.2, P = 0.045) were significantly higher, and controlling nutritional status score was significantly lower in the EP group than that in the control group (1 vs 3, P = 0.046).

Conclusions
The early administration of pancrelipase after pancreatectomy improved nutritional status after pancreatectomy.