bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A rapid review of Supplementary air filtration systems in health service settings. September 2022
Authors: Bowles Charlotte , Winfield Tom , Elston Lauren , Hasler Elise , Needham Antonia , Cooper Alison , Lewis Ruth , Edwards Adrian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe aerosol spread of SARS-CoV-2 has been a major challenge for healthcare facilities and there has been increased use of supplementary air filtration to mitigate SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Appropriately sized supplementary room air filtration systems could greatly reduce aerosol levels throughout ward spaces. Portable air filtration systems, such as those combining high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters and ultraviolet (UVC) light sterilisation, may be a scalable solution for removing respiratory viruses such as SARS-CoV-2. This rapid review aimed to assess the effectiveness of supplementary air cleaning devices in health service settings such as hospitals and dental clinics (including, but not limited to HEPA filtration, UVC light and mobile UVC light devices) to reduce the transmission of SARS-CoV-2.One systematic review (Daga et al. 2021), three observational studies (Conway Morris et al. 2022, Thuresson et al. 2022, Sloof et al. 2022), one modelling study, (Buchan et al. 2020) and two experimental studies (Barnewall & Bischoff 2021, Snelling et al. 2022) were found. Outcome measures included symptom scores, presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in sample counts, general particulate matter counts, viral counts, and relative risk of SARS-CoV-2 exposure. From real world settings, the systematic review assessed the effectiveness of HEPA filtration in dental clinics (Daga et al. 2021), two additional observational studies assessed HEPA and UV light in UK hospital settings (Conway Morris et al. 2022, Sloof et al. 2022) and one observational study included mobile HEPA-filtration units in Swedish hospitals (Thuresson et al. 2022). Studies were published from 2020 onwards.Real world evidence suggests supplementary air systems have the potential to reduce SARS-CoV-2 in the air and subsequently reduce transmission or infection rates but further research, with study designs having lower risk of bias, is required. HEPA filters alongside UVC light could provide the most notable reductions in SARS-CoV-2 counts, although the supporting evidence relates to HEPA/UVC filtration, and this review does not provide evidence on the effectiveness of other potential supplementary air filtration systems that could be used. Evidence is limited on the optimum air changes per hour needed and the positioning of air filtration units in rooms.Funding statementThe Wales Centre for Evidence Based Care was funded for this work by the Wales COVID-19 Evidence Centre, itself funded by Health & Care Research Wales on behalf of Welsh Government.
On the frontlines in Shanghai: Stress, burnout and perceived benefit among COVID-19 testers and other personnel during the Omicron wave lockdown
Authors: Xu Zhimin , Liu Xia , de Melo Ghisi Gabriela Lima , Cui Lixian , Grace Sherry L 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundCOVID-19 control measure stringency including testing has been among the highest globally in China. Psychosocial impact on pandemic workers in Shanghai, and their pandemic-related attitudes were investigated.MethodsParticipants in this cross-sectional study were healthcare providers (HCP) and other support workers. A Mandarin self-report survey was administered via Wenjuanxing between April-June 2022 during the omicron-wave lockdown. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Maslach Burnout Inventory were administered, as well as pandemic-specific questions.Results887 workers participated, of which 691 (77.9%) were HCPs. They were working a mean of 6.25±1.24 days/week for 9.77±4.28 hours/day. Most participants were burnt-out, with 143(16.1%) moderately and 98(11.0%) seriously. Total PSS was 26.85±9.92/56, with 353(39.8%) participants having elevated stress. Workers perceived their families primarily as fully supportive (n=610, 68.8%), or also extremely concerned (n=203, 22.9%). Most wanted counselling and stress relief, but half(n=430) reported no time for it; indeed, 2/3rds wanted a few days off to rest (n=601).Many workers perceived benefits: that they fostered more cohesive relationships (n=581, 65.5%), they will be more resilient (n=693, 78.1%), and were honored to serve (n=747, 84.2%).Negative impacts were greater in HCPs, those with economic insecurity, and that did not perceive benefit (allp<.05).In adjusted analyses, those perceiving benefits showed significantly less burnout (OR=0.573, 95% CI=0.411 - 0.799), among other correlates.ConclusionsPandemic work, including among non-HCP, is stressful, but some can derive benefits.
Adding meaning to memories: How parietal cortex combines semantic content with episodic experience
Authors: Lee Hongmi , Keene Paul A. , Sweigart Sarah C. , Hutchinson J. Benjamin , Kuhl Brice A. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTNeuroimaging studies of human memory have consistently found that univariate responses in parietal cortex track episodic experience with stimuli (whether stimuli are ‘old’ or ‘new’). More recently, pattern-based fMRI studies have shown that parietal cortex also carries information about the semantic content of remembered experiences. However, it is not well understood how memory-based and content-based signals are integrated within parietal cortex. Here, we used voxel-wise encoding models and a recognition memory task to predict the fMRI activity patterns evoked by complex natural scene images based on (a) the episodic history and (b) the semantic content of each image. Models were generated and compared across distinct subregions of parietal cortex and for occipitotemporal cortex. We show that parietal and occipitotemporal regions each encode memory and content information, but they differ in how they combine this information. Among parietal subregions, angular gyrus was characterized by robust and overlapping effects of memory and content. Moreover, subject-specific semantic tuning functions revealed that successful recognition shifted the amplitude of tuning functions in angular gyrus but did not change the selectivity of tuning. In other words, effects of memory and content were additive in angular gyrus. This pattern of data contrasted with occipitotemporal cortex where memory and content effects were interactive: memory effects were preferentially expressed by voxels tuned to the content of a remembered image. Collectively, these findings provide unique insight into how parietal cortex combines information about episodic memory and semantic content.
Gap-free nuclear and mitochondrial genomes ofUstilaginoidea virensstrain JS60-2, a fungal pathogen causing rice false smut
Authors: Wang Yin , Yang Lei , Yang Qun , Dong Jie , Wang Yufu , Duan Yuhang , Yin Weixiao , Zheng Lu , Sun Wenxian , Fan Jing , Luo Chao-Xi , Li Guotian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRice false smut (RFS), caused byUstilaginoidea virens, has become a major disease in recent years, and mycotoxins produced byU. virensoften threaten food safety. To study fungal pathogenesis and identify potential targets for developing new fungicides, gap-free nuclear and complete mitochondrial genomes ofU. virensJS60-2 were sequenced and assembled. Using the second and third generation sequencing data, we assembled a 38.02-Mb genome that consists of seven contigs with the contig N50 being 6.32-Mb. In total, 8,486 protein-coding genes were annotated in the genome, including 21 secondary metabolism gene clusters. We also assembled the complete mitochondrial genome, which is 102,498 bp, with 28% GC content. The JS60-2 genomes assembled in this study will facilitate research onU. virensand contribute to RFS control.
Benchmarking water-limited yield potential and yield gaps of Shiraz in the Barossa and Eden Valleys
Authors: Bonada Marcos , Phogat Vinod , Collins Cassandra , Petrie Paul R. , Sadras Victor 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsVineyard performance is impacted by water availability including the amount and seasonality of rainfall and evapotranspiration and irrigation volume. We benchmarked water-limited yield potential (Yw), calculated yield gaps as the difference between Yw and actual yield, and explored the underlying environmental and management causes of these gaps.Methods and ResultsThe yield and its components in two sections of 24 Shiraz vineyards was monitored during three vintages in the Barossa zone (GI). The frequency distribution of yield was L-shaped, with half the vineyards below 5.2 t ha-1, and an extended tail of the distribution that reached 24.9 t ha-1. The seasonal ratio of actual crop evapotranspiration and reference evapotranspiration was below 0.48 in 85% of cases, with a maximum of 0.65, highlighting a substantial water deficit in these vineyards. A boundary function relating actual yield and seasonal rainfall was fitted to quantify Yw. Yield gaps increased with increasing vine water deficit, quantified by the carbon isotope composition in the fruit. The yield gap was smaller with higher rainfall before budburst, putatively favouring early-season vegetative growth and allocation to reproduction, and with higher rainfall between flowering and veraison, putatively favouring fruit set and berry growth. The gap was larger with higher rainfall and lower radiation between budburst and flowering. The yield gap increased linearly with vine age between 6 and 33 yr at a rate of 0.3 t ha-1yr-1. The correlation between yield gap and yield components ranked bunch weight ≈ berries per bunch > bunch number > berry weight; the minimum to close the yield gap was 185,000 bunches ha-1, 105 g bunch-1, 108 berries bunch-1and 1.1 g berry-1.ConclusionsWater deficit and vine age were major causes of yield gaps. Winter irrigation provides an opportunity to improve productivity. The cost of dealing with older, less productive vines needs to be weighed against the rate of increase in yield gap with vine age.Significance of the StudyA boundary function to estimate water-limited yield potential returned viticulturally meaningful yield gaps and highlighted potential targets to improve vineyard productivity.
The Relationship Between Terroir and The Phenology of Barossa Shiraz
Authors: Bonada Marcos , Sadras Victor , Thomas Dane , Collins Cassandra , Schmidtke Leigh , Phogat Vinod , Petrie Paul 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsVine phenology results from the interaction between the genotype, environment and management, with implications for fruit, and wine composition. The impact of weather, site and management practices, underlying elements of terroir, impacting the timing of key phenological stages were explored across the Barossa Zone (GI).Methods and ResultsVine phenology was assessed in three zones of 24 vineyards over three vintages using the E-L scale before veraison, and total soluble sugars (TSS) in berries during ripening. We explored the associations between weather, plant traits and viticultural variables, and development in four periods: pre-budburst, budburst-flowering, flowering-veraison and veraison-maturity. The spatial structure of the timing of phenological events suggested three main groups of vineyards. This structure followed gradients in topography and soils across the landscape, and were maintained despite the effect of the season (vintage). On average, differences between early and late groups of vineyards were 13 days at budburst, 20 days at flowering and 24 days at TSS = 24 °Brix. Phenology responded mainly to temperature until flowering, and to temperature and canopy size from flowering to maturity. The strength of the relationship between the duration of the period and temperature ranked pre-budburst (r2= 0.94) > budburst-flowering (r2= 0.40) > veraison-maturity (r2= 0.17). Duration of pre-budburst and budburst-flowering periods was shortened at 6 d °C-1, compared to 2 d °C-1for veraison-maturity. The duration from veraison to maturity increased with yield (r2= 0.29,Pa< 0.0001).ConclusionsThe spatial variation in development was maintained despite vintage effects and management practices. Variation in temperature due to topography and elevation were the major drivers of vine phenological development until flowering. During ripening, development was driven by temperature and carbon capture and partitioning.Significance of the StudyThis is the first attempt to show spatial variability on phenology across the Barossa Valley GI. The observed switch on drivers on phenology during development from temperature-driven processed before flowering to resource-dominated processes during ripening have implications for modelling and vineyard management.
Male-dominated courtship in an unexpectedly late-breeding Andean Lapwing (Vanellus resplendens) population
Authors: Dillenseger Guillaume , Rimoldi Andreas , Barreto Santiago , Ugarte-Lewis L. Mauricio , Kubelka Vojtěch 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTSexual behavior, namely courtship and mating strategies, remain unexplored for numerous tropical birds. Andean Lapwing (Vanellus resplendens) is a shorebird inhabiting High Andes, and its reproductive biology is poorly known. Here, we performed standardized 49 observations of 20 pairs of Andean Lapwings at Laguna de Salinas, Peru (4315 m a.s.l.) during 2021–2022 breeding season. Lapwings in this studied population show social monogamy, a defined breeding season apparently triggered by rainfall, starting later than what is known according to the literature, and male-biased investment in courtship and territorial defense. These observations increase our knowledge on this understudied Neotropical species breeding at high elevations.RESUMENEl comportamiento sexual, es decir, las estrategias de cortejo y apareamiento, permanecen sin explorarse para numerosas aves tropicales. El Avefría Andina (Vanellus resplendens) es un ave playera que habita los altos Andes, sin embargo, su biología reproductiva es poco conocida. Aquí, realizamos 49 observaciones estandarizadas de 20 parejas de avefrías andinas en Laguna de Salinas, Perú (4315 m.s.n.m.) durante la temporada 2021–2022. Las avefrías en esta población estudiada muestran monogamia social, una temporada reproductiva bien definida provocada por las precipitaciones, comenzando más tarde de lo que es descrito en la literatura, y una inversión predispuesta de machos en el cortejo y la defensa territorial. Estas observaciones aumentan nuestro conocimiento sobre esta especie Neotropical poco estudiada que se reproduce a gran altitud.
TAS2R receptor response helps predict new antimicrobial molecules for the 21stcentury
Authors: Sambu S 
Published: October 2022

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) requires the provision of learnable data to successfully deliver requisite prediction power. In this article, it is demonstrable that standard physico-chemical parameters, while useful, were insufficient for development of powerful antimicrobial prediction algorithms. Initial models that focussed solely on the values extractable from the knowledge on the electrotopological, structural, constitutional descriptors did not meet the acceptance criteria for classifying antimicrobial activity. In contrast, efforts to conceptually define the diametric opposite of an antimicrobial compound helped to advance the category description into a learnable trait. Interestingly, the inclusion of ligand-receptor information using the ability of the molecules to stimulate transmembrane TAS2R receptor helped to increase the ability to distinguish antimicrobial molecules from the inactive ones. This novel approach to the development of AI models has allowed the development of models for the design and selection of newer, more powerful antimicrobial agents. This is especially valuable in an age where antimicrobial resistance could be ruinous to modern health systems.
Identification of plant-derived microRNAs in human kidney
Authors: Chen Xi , Xie Xishao , Liu Lu , Chen Hongyu , Wang Bo , Li Zheng , Zeng Linghui , Timko Michael P. , Chen Jianghua , Lin Weiqiang , Fan Longjiang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPlant-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated as functional regulators in human diseases, although conclusive evidence of this effect remains to be reported. To examine their potential functional role, we profiled the plant-derived miRNAs in 139 blood exosome samples from renal transplantation patients and were able to identify 331 plant-derived miRNAs representing 149 families. According to their miRBase annotation, these miRNAs can be traced back to 76 plant species, most of which are foods common to the human diet (e.g., tomato, soybean, potato and rice). We also profiled 41 blood exosome samples from 22 patients with acute immune rejection (AR) of renal transplants and compared them to 21 samples from 11 patients with stable allograft function to explore possible roles of the functional plant miRNAs. We identified three plant-derived miRNAs (miR4995, miR2118/2218 and miR167) associated with allograft AR whose regulatory targets are mRNAs controlling immune response, T cell activation, and other cellular functions. miR4995 mimics were generated, transfected into HEK293T cells, and their function verified. Our findings not only demonstrate the presence of functional plant-derived miRNAs in human cells, but also provide initial evidence that these miRNAs may be involved in malfunction of renal transplantation.
Unraveling the Palindromic and Non-Palindromic Motifs of Retroviral Integration Site Sequences by Statistical Mixture Models
Authors: Miklík Dalibor , Grim Jiří , Elleder Daniel , Hejnar Jiří 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA weak palindromic nucleotide motif is the hallmark of retroviral integration site alignments. Previously, the motifs were explained by an overlap of the non-palindromic motif being present on one of the half-site of targeted sequences. Here, we applied multicomponent mixture models to integration site sequences of diverse retroviruses. We demonstrate that the weak palindromic motifs result from a combination of independent sub-motifs restricted to only a few positions proximal to the site of integration. The sub-motifs are formed by either palindrome-forming nucleotide preference or nucleotide exclusion. Using the mixture models, we also identified HIV-1-favored palindromic sequences in Alu repeats serving as hotspots for integration. Our work presents a novel statistical approach to the analysis of retroviral integration site sequences, which can form a valuable tool in the analysis of DNA motifs. The presented results shed new light on the selection of target site sequences for retroviral integration.
GPR84-Mediated Signal Transduction Promotes Brown Adipocyte Function
Authors: Sun Xuenan , An Yu A. , Paschoal Vivian A. , de Souza Camila O. , Wang May-yun , Vishvanath Lavanya , Arango Lorena , Cobb Ayanna , Nieto Carrion Joseph A. , Kidd Harrison , Chen Shiuhwei , Li Wenhong , Gupta Rana K. , Oh Da Young 
Published: October 2022

SUMMARYG protein-coupled receptor 84 (GPR84), a medium-chain fatty acid receptor, may be involved in various metabolic conditions but the mechanism remains unclear. We found that GPR84 is highly expressed and functions in brown adipose tissue (BAT). GPR84 knockout mice exhibited increased adiposity and vulnerability to cold exposure after aging, along with an increased BAT lipid content and decreased BAT activation compared to wild-type control mice.In vitro, primary brown adipocytes from GPR84 knockout mice showed reduced expression of thermogenic genes and lower O2consumption. The GPR84 agonist 6-OAU reversed these effects and restored brown adipocyte activation.In vivoandin vitroresults showed that BAT defects in GPR84 knockout mice were attributed to mitochondrial dysfunction. GPR84 activation greatly affected intracellular calcium efflux, further influencing mitochondrial respiration. GPR84 activates BAT by controlling the mitochondrial calcium content and respiration, suggesting a therapeutic target for activating BAT and treating metabolic diseases.HIGHLIGHTSHigh expression of GPR84 in brown adipocytes is induced by cold stimulation.Aged GPR84 knockout mice exhibit brown adipose tissue defects under cold exposure.GPR84 knockout mice show reduced mitochondrial function of brown adipocytes.GPR84 activation improves brown adipocyte functions.
A Spectral Method for Assessing and Combining Multiple Data Visualizations
Authors: Ma Rong , Sun Eric D. , Zou James 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDimension reduction and data visualization aim to project a high-dimensional dataset to a low-dimensional space while capturing the intrinsic structures in the data. It is an indispensable part of modern data science, and many dimensional reduction and visualization algorithms have been developed. However, different algorithms have their own strengths and weaknesses, making it critically important to evaluate their relative performance for a given dataset, and to leverage and combine their individual strengths. In this paper, we propose an efficient spectral method for assessing and combining multiple visualizations of a given dataset produced by diverse algorithms. The proposed method provides a quantitative measure – the visualization eigenscore – of the relative performance of the visualizations for preserving the structure around each data point. Then it leverages the eigenscores to obtain a consensus visualization, which has much improved quality over the individual visualizations in capturing the underlying true data structure. Our approach is flexible and works as a wrapper around any visualizations. We analyze multiple simulated and real-world datasets from diverse applications to demonstrate the effectiveness of the eigenscores for evaluating visualizations and the superiority of the proposed consensus visualization. Furthermore, we establish rigorous theoretical justification of our method based on a general statistical framework, yielding fundamental principles behind the empirical success of consensus visualization along with practical guidance.
Differential effects of contextual factors on promotive and prohibitive voice in construction projects: a multiteam system perspective
Authors: Wang Ding , Jia Jianyao , Jiang Shan , Liu Tianyi , Ma Guofeng 
Published: October 2022

PurposeDespite the documented benefits of voice behavior for projects, little is known about antecedents of voice behavior in the project context, especially construction projects. Against this background, adopting a multi-team system perspective, this study attempts to investigate antecedents of team voice behavior from a contextual view.Design/methodology/approachThis study identifies and examines six factors that influence team voice behavior. Specifically, project urgency, project temporality, and project complexity are identified from the project nature perspective. Satisfaction, trust, and commitment are generated from the relationship quality approach. Then, data from completed construction projects in China was collected to verify the effectiveness of these factors. Besides, the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) technique was used in this study.FindingsAll six factors are found to be significant predictors of promotive team voice behavior. For prohibitive team voice behavior, only project complexity and project commitment make significant effects. Further, the differential effects of these factors on two types of voice behavior are revealed.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature on voice behavior in the project context, especially construction projects consisting of multiple teams. Also, this research enriches our knowledge on antecedents of team voice behavior in construction projects and thus affords practical implications to foster voice behavior.