bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilization of Internet Resources by Surgeons for Continuous Professional Development in the Era of Prevailing COVID-19 Pandemic: Trends and Obstacles
Authors: Cimen Sanem Guler , Eraslan Asir , Uysal Fahrettin Samil , Dogan Ahmet Emin , Kokurcan Alihan , Yilmaz Muhammet Sahin , Baylan Burhan , Cimen Sertac 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundTo investigate the use of internet resources by surgeons for continuing professional development (CPD).ResultsThis cross-sectional study was carried out between July 1, 2021, to October 31, 2021, at the Department of Medicine, Health Sciences University Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey, with participants from nine surgical specialties: General surgery, neurosurgery, orthopedics, urology, plastic surgery, ear-nose-throat surgery, cardiovascular surgery, ophthalmology, and anesthesiology. All study participants were asked to complete a questionnaire comprising 23 questions regarding their age, duration of work experience, appointment status, venue, and time spent on internet resources and preferred online resources for CPD purposes. In addition, participants were divided into two groups according to their appointment status: academic faculty and staff surgeons. Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 17.0. The target population consisted of 216 specialists. The survey was completed by 204 (94.4%) surgical specialists. The majority of the specialists (n = 137, 67.2%) reported using the internet for work-related purposes every day. Daily time spent on internet resources was reported to be 30–60 min by 39.2% (n = 80) participants, whereas 52 (25.5%) reported spending less than 30 min. The participants wished to spend more time on internet resources. The majority of surgeons found the hospital and home equally effective in using the internet and preferred to engage alone. The mean age, English language level, usage of online resources, and the attitude score toward the perceived credibility and usefulness of e-resources were significantly higher in the academic faculty group than staff surgeons (p &lt; 0.005). On the other hand, the use of Google/Google scholar was similar between the two groups (p = 0.192). Technical difficulties such as slow internet, need for website registration, and article fees were considered drawbacks for internet resources among all the participants.ConclusionsThis study showed that most surgeons use internet resources daily for CPD and stated they would like to engage longer despite technical difficulties. Institutions should address these technical difficulties.
Effect of Body Mass Index on Outcomes of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Xu Yan , Huang Xiaolin 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveThe current study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in obese and overweight individuals based on body mass index (BMI).MethodsWe electronically explored the databases of PubMed, CENTRAL, ScienceDirect, Embase, and Google Scholar databases for all types of comparative studies investigating the role of BMI on PCNL outcomes. Only studies defining obesity as &gt;30 kg/m2 were included. Efficacy outcomes were stone-free rates and operating time while safety outcomes were complications and length of hospital stay (LOS).ResultsEighteen studies with 101,363 patients were included. We noted no difference in the stone-free rates after PCNL for morbid obese vs normal BMI patients (OR: 0.78 95% CI, 0.57, 1.08 I2 = 7% p = 0.13), overweight vs normal (OR: 1.01 95% CI, 0.89, 1.15 I2 = 1% p = 0.83) and obese vs normal patients (OR: 1.00 95% CI, 0.87, 1.16 I2 = 0% p = 0.95). PCNL operative time was significantly increased in morbid obese (MD: 9.36 95% CI, 2.85, 15.88 I2 = 76% p = 0.005) and obese patients as compared with normal patients (MD: 2.15 95% CI, 1.20, 3.10 I2 = 0% p &lt; 0.00001), but not for overweight patients. There was no difference in the odds of complications between morbid obese vs normal (OR: 1.26 95% CI, 0.93, 1.72 I2 = 0% p = 0.13), overweight vs normal (OR: 1.11 95% CI, 0.96, 1.28 I2 = 0% p = 0.15), and obese vs normal patients (OR: 1.07 95% CI, 0.91, 1.27 I2 = 0% p = 0.40). LOS was significantly reduced in obese patients (MD: −0.12 95% CI, −0.20, −0.04 I2 = 0% p = 0.004) as compared to normal patients, but not for morbid obese or overweight patients.ConclusionPCNL has similar efficacy and safety in morbidly obese, obese, and overweight patients as compared to normal BMI patients with no difference in the stone-free and complication rates. Evidence suggests that operating time is increased in morbidly obese and obese patients and the latter may have shorter LOS.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier: CRD42022313599.
Does Intraoperative Blood Loss Affect the Short-Term Outcomes and Prognosis of Gastric Cancer Patients After Gastrectomy? A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wen Ze-Lin , Xiao Da-Chun , Zhou Xiong 
Published: June 2022

PurposeThe purpose of the current meta-analysis was to analyze whether intraoperative blood loss (IBL) influenced the complications and prognosis of gastric cancer patients after gastrectomy.MethodsWe systematically searched the PubMed, Embase and Cochrane library databases on November 29, 2021. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to evaluate the quality of included studies. This meta-analysis uses RevMan 5.3 for data analysis.ResultsA total of nine retrospective studies were included in this meta-analysis, involving 4653 patients. In terms of short-term outcomes, the Larger IBL group has a higher complication rate (OR = 1.94, 95% CI, 1.44 to 2.61, P &lt; 0.0001) and a longer operation time (OR = 77.60, 95% CI, 41.95 to 113.25, P &lt; 0.0001) compared with the smaller IBL group, but the Larger IBL group had higher total retrieved lymph nodes (OR = 3.68, 95% CI, 1.13 to 6.24, P = 0.005). After pooling up all the HRs, the Larger IBL group has worse overall survival (OS) (HR = 1.80, 95% CI, 1.27 to 2.56, P = 0.001) and disease-free survival (DFS) (HR = 1.48, 95% CI, 1.28 to 1.72, P &lt; 0.00001).ConclusionLarger IBL increased operation time and postoperative complications, and decreased OS and DFS of gastric cancer patients. Therefore, surgeons should be cautious about IBL during operation.
THE USE OF VISUAL ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS MODELLING AND DESIGNING SOFTWARE FRITZING IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
Authors: Kryvonos O. , Strutynska O. , Kryvonos M. 
Published: June 2022

The article analyzes the current state of the issue of STEM-education in general secondary education of Ukraine, considers the prospects of introducing elements of circuitry within the school course of computer science (CS) as one of the elements of STEM-education, moreover, it reviews the possibility of implementation of the mentioned part as one of the components of professional training of computer science teachers. The analysis of the recent researches and publications on a problem of use of electronic devices in educational process is carried out; the choice of the open software platform Arduino as an auxiliary didactic tool for studying the elements of computer circuitry is substantiated. The most common Arduino model series are described and the examples of their applied use in real-life projects are given. The main technical specs and features of Arduino Uno electronic components are given and explained. The Atmega328P microcontroller, the main computing center of the platform, and its main structural elements are considered in detail; in order to substantiate the offered method, a program suite for creating visual electronic circuits – Fritzing is taken as an example with detailed description of its functions and capabilities. This software product provides the opportunity to visually present the project in different forms (layout, scheme and/or printed circuit board). Any of these views can be used as the main work environment of the project and can be selected at any time. Fritzing has a library of ready-made projects, which greatly facilitates the learning process. For greater clarity, all the processes of creating a prototype of the electronic game "Hunter" in the Fritzing environment are described and illustrated, as well as a description of the process of creating the game itself. Mentioned software product is used in the process of professional training of future teachers of computer science, mathematics and physics at Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University. The authors outline prospects of research in this area.
THE USE OF SMART-COMPLEXES IN TRAINING OF FUTURE TOURIST INDUSTRY SPECIALISTS
Authors: Yahupov V. , Maslich S. , Shchypska T. 
Published: June 2022

The article analyzes the impact of information technology on the development of education. It is noted that the issues of informatization and digitalization of education are one of the key in the state policy of Ukraine. The main aspects of the transformation of educational services are emphasized, it is noted that education based on SMART-technologies is a global trend in the organization of the educational process. The existence of existing problems in the formation of a modern information and educational environment, the creation of electronic learning tools, the development of SMART-complexes. It is noted that these issues are especially relevant for Vocational Education.
The experience of development and use of SMART-complexes in the training of future specialists in the tourism industry is described. The compliance of the developed SMART-complex with the Standard of Vocational Eeducation 4221.N.79.00-2017 in the profession "Agent for the organization of tourism" was traced. The structure of the SMART-complex is described in detail, the characteristic features of separate modules are allocated and described: "Information data processing in the tourist branch", "Organization of tourist activity", "Organization of transport transportations". It is indicated that these modules, in addition to the block of theoretical material, contain blocks of laboratory (practical) work, blocks of test tasks, glossaries, presentations. The expediency of using the developed SMART-complex during the organization of the educational process by distance learning and in blended learning is proved. The effectiveness of the use of this complex in the educational process of Vinnytsia High Vocational School of Public Service is determined, namely: data on the growth of high and sufficient level of knowledge of students in vocational and theoretical and vocational training, emphasis on high percentage of information, emphasis is placed on the dynamics of motivating students to learn, the development of cognitive interest.
Eco-innovation and Sustainable Development
Authors: Ilic Silvana , Petrovic Tanja , Djukic Gordana 
Published: June 2022

The paper aims to encourage the creation of innovation policy by individual states and state institutions, management of companies in the energy sector, with the synergy of national and interstate institutions, to apply an integrative approach to eco-innovation. The purpose of this paper is to expand the existing potential for the development of eco-innovation in the business sector and industrial enterprises. The method used is based on the descriptive method, synthesis, and analysis of data collected by international organizations, as well based on research in academic circles. Appropriate incentives from governments to innovate green business models, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), would ensure a higher level of environmental quality, adequate quality of life for all people, and a greener future. To achieve the goals, future directions of development should be focused on the development of technology and knowledge, with an adequate policy of creating a green strategy for decarbonization and sustainable development.
Observation of strain relaxing in nanoscale WS2 monolayers grown on SiO2/Si by organic solvent treatment
Authors: Aihara Taketo , Wang Ruoxi , Yang Xu , Sakuma Yoshiki , Okano Ayako Omura , Ikezawa Michio 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We investigated the optical properties of nanoscale WS2 monolayers treated with organic solvents. The photoluminescence spectra changed significantly before and after methanol treatment. The sharp spectral peak of the neutral exciton in the methanol-treated sample was shifted to the higher energy side by 18 meV compared to the peak in untreated sample. This shift made the emission peak due to charged excitons clearly visible. Detailed fitting analysis revealed that the methanol treatment relaxed the tensile strain in the nano-sized WS2 monolayer grown on SiO2/Si substrate. In addition to the measurements in air, the results in vacuum and their temperature dependence also support this interpretation. Since this methanol treatment is simple, does not cause sample loss, and does not reduce luminescence efficiency, it may be an effective means to relax strain from nanoscale transition metal dichalcogenides monolayers.
Highly thermal-stable organic light-emitting diodes with a bulk heterojunction interfacial modification layer
Authors: Wei Bin , Fan Yuxuan , Xu Hanfei , Yan Limin , Yang Xuyong , Lin Yang , Shi Wei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We report highly thermal-stable organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) by introducing an interfacial modification layer (IML), consisting of the N,N′-bis(naphthalen-1-yl)-N,N′-bis(phenyl)-benzidine (NPB):MoO3 bulk heterojunction. The IML can increase the thermal resistance of 4,4′-cyclohexylidenebis[N,N-bis(4-methylphenyl)benzenamine] (TAPC) hole transport layer to be higher than its glass transition temperature. The OLED with the IML can endure a high temperature of 100 °C with a current efficiency of 51.82 cd A−1 and a low-efficiency roll-off. The optimized thermal stability of OLED is not only due to the thermally stable IML but also resulted from the well-matched energy level between anode and TAPC with the help of IML.
Combination Immune Checkpoint Blockade Regimens for Previously Untreated Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: The Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University Experience
Authors: Martini Dylan J. , Olsen T. Anders , Goyal Subir , Liu Yuan , Evans Sean T. , Hitron Emilie Elise , Russler Greta Anne , Yantorni Lauren , Caulfield Sarah , Brown Jacqueline T. , Goldman Jamie M. , Nazha Bassel , Carthon Bradley C. , Harris Wayne B. , Kucuk Omer , Master Viraj A , Bilen Mehmet Asim 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
There are three combination immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)–based regimens in the first-line setting for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Currently, there is limited real-world data for clinical outcomes and toxicity in mRCC patients treated with first-line ICI-based regimens.

Methods
We performed a retrospective review of 49 mRCC patients treated with ICI-based combination regimens in the standard of care setting at the Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University from 2015–2020. We collected baseline data from the electronic medical record including demographic information and disease characteristics. Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) were collected from clinic notes and laboratory values. The primary clinical outcomes measured were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and objective response rate (ORR).

Results
The median age was 65 years, and most patients (80%) were males. The majority were White (86%) and had clear cell RCC (83%). Most patients had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status score of 0 (43%) or 1 (45%). Approximately one-half (49%) had at least three sites of distant metastatic disease. Most patients (88%) received nivolumab and ipilimumab. More than one-half (53%) of patients experienced an irAE, with 13 (27%) patients having treatment delayed and 18% discontinuing treatment for toxicity. The median OS was not reached, and the median PFS was 8.0 months per a Kaplan-Meier estimation. More than half of patients (53%) had a PFS &gt; 6 months, and 22% had PFS &gt; 1 year. The ORR was 33% for the entire cohort, and 7% of patients had a complete response.

Conclusion
We presented real-world efficacy and toxicity data for front-line ICI combination treatment regimens. The ORR and median PFS were lower in our cohort of patients compared to the available data in the clinical trial setting. This was likely because of more advanced disease in this study. Future studies should provide additional data that will allow comparisons between different ICI combination regimens for untreated mRCC.
Antibacterial Activity Test Of Leaves Bidara (Ziziphus mauritiana Lam) Ethanolic Extracts Against Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Mardhiyani Dini , Afriani Moni 
Published: June 2022

Infection is the most common ilnness in public. One of the triggers of infection is bacteria. Bidara leaf (Ziziphus mauritiana L) is a plant that has antibacterial compounds is phenolics, saponins and triterpenoids/steroids. The study aims to test antibacterial potency Staphylococcus. antibacterial activity testing was carried out using paper disc difussion methode, the etanol extract show antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus Aureus which is characterized by the presence of clear zone on the media. The results of ethanol extract of bidara leaves with concentrations of 30%, 50% and 70% against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, the average diameter of inhibitory zones respectively were 8,39 mm, 10,64 mm and 12 mm with the positive control diameter of inhibition zone was 23,46 mm, the negative control diameter of inhibition zone was 0 mm.
The COS CGM Compendium. IV. Effects of Varying Ionization Backgrounds on Metallicity Determinations in the z < 1 Circumgalactic Medium
Authors: Gibson Justus L. , Lehner Nicolas , Oppenheimer Benjamin D. , Howk J. Christopher , Cooksey Kathy L. , Fox Andrew J. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Metallicity estimates of circumgalactic gas based on absorption-line measurements typically require photoionization modeling to account for unseen ionization states. We explore the impact of uncertainties in the extreme-ultraviolet background (EUVB) radiation on such metallicity determinations for the z < 1 circumgalactic medium. In particular, we study how uncertainties in the power-law slope of the EUV radiation, α
EUVB, from active galactic nuclei affect metallicity estimates in a sample of 34 absorbers with H i column densities between

15.25
<
log
(

N

H

I

/

cm

−
2

)
<
17.25

and measured metal ion column densities. We demonstrate the sensitivity of metallicity estimates to changes in the EUV power-law slope of active galactic nuclei, α
EUVB, at low redshift (z < 1), showing that derived absorber metallicities increase on average by ≈0.3 dex as the EUV slope is hardened from α
EUVB = −2.0 to −1.4. We use Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling of photoionization models with α
EUVB as a free parameter to derive metallicities for these absorbers. The current sample of absorbers does not provide a robust constraint on the slope α
EUVB itself; we discuss how future analyses may provide stronger constraints. Marginalizing over the uncertainty in the slope of the background, we find that the average uncertainties in the metallicity determinations increase from 0.08 to 0.14 dex when switching from a fixed EUVB slope to one that freely varies. Thus, we demonstrate that EUVB uncertainties can be included in ionization models while still allowing for robust metallicity inferences.
NICER Monitoring of Supersoft X-Ray Sources
Authors: Orio M. , Gendreau K. , Giese M. , Luna G. J. M. , Magdolen J. , Pei S. , Sun B. , Behar E. , Dobrotka A. , Mikolajewska J. , Pasham Dheeraj R. , Strohmayer T. E. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We monitored four supersoft sources—two persistent ones, CAL 83 and MR Vel, and the recent novae YZ Ret (Nova Ret 2020), and V1674 Her (Nova Her 2021)—with NICER. The two persistent supersoft X-ray sources (SSS) were observed with unvaried X-ray flux level and spectrum, respectively, 13 and 20 yr after the last observations. Short-period modulations of the SSS appear where the spectrum of the luminous central source was fully visible (in CAL 83 and V1674 Her) and were absent in YZ Ret and MR Vel, in which the flux originated in photoionized or shocked plasma, while the white dwarf (WD) was not observable. We thus suggest that the pulsations occur on, or very close to, the WD surface. The pulsations of CAL 83 were almost unvaried after 15 yr, including an irregular drift of the ≃67 s period by 2.1 s. Simulations, including previous XMM-Newton data, indicate actual variations in period length within hours, rather than an artifact of the variable amplitude of the pulsations. Large amplitude pulsations with a period of 501.53 ± 0.30 s were always detected in V1674 Her, as long as the SSS was observable. This period seems to be due to rotation of a highly magnetized WD. We cannot confirm the maximum effective temperature of (≃145,000 K) previously inferred for this nova, and discuss the difficulty in interpreting its spectrum. The WD appears to present two surface zones, one of which does not emit SSS flux.
Analytic Approximations for the Velocity Suppression of Dark Matter Capture
Authors: Ilie Cosmin , Paulin Jillian 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Compact astrophysical objects have been considered in the literature as dark matter (DM) probes, via the observational effects of annihilating captured DM. In this paper we investigate the role of stellar velocity on multiscatter-capture rates and find that the capture rates of DM by a star moving with respect to the DM halo rest frame are suppressed by a predictable amount. We develop and validate an analytical expression for the capture rate suppression factor. This suppression factor can be used to directly reevaluate projected bounds on the DM–nucleon cross section, for any given stellar velocity, as we explicitly show using Population III stars as DM probes. These objects (Population III stars) are particularly interesting candidates, since they form at high redshifts, in very high DM-density environments. We find that previous results, obtained under the assumption of a star at rest with respect to the DM rest frame, are essentially unchanged when considering the possible orbital velocities for those central stars.
Chandra Follow-up Observations of Swift-BAT-selected AGNs II
Authors: Silver R. , Torres-Albà N. , Zhao X. , Marchesi S. , Pizzetti A. , Ajello M. , Cusumano G. , Parola V. La , Segreto A. , Comastri A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We present the combined Chandra and Swift-BAT spectral analysis of nine low-redshift (z ≤ 0.10), candidate heavily obscured active galactic nuclei (AGN) selected from the Swift-BAT 150 month catalog. We located soft (1−10 keV) X-ray counterparts to these BAT sources and joint fit their spectra with physically motivated models. The spectral analysis in the 1−150 keV energy band determined that all sources are obscured, with a line-of-sight column density N

H
≥ 1022 cm−2 at a 90% confidence level. Four of these sources show significant obscuration with N

H
≥ 1023 cm−2 and two additional sources are candidate Compton-thick Active Galactic Nuclei (CT-AGNs) with N

H
≥ 1024 cm−2. These two sources, 2MASX J02051994–0233055 and IRAS 11058−1131, are the latest addition to the previous 3 CT-AGN candidates found using our strategy for soft X-ray follow-up of BAT sources. Here we present the results of our methodology so far, and analyze the effectiveness of applying different selection criteria to discover CT-AGN in the local Universe. Our selection criteria has an ∼20% success rate of discovering heavily obscured AGN whose CT nature is confirmed by follow-up NuSTAR observations. This is much higher than the ∼5% found in blind surveys.