bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DisEnrich: database of enriched regions in human dark proteome
Authors: Medvedev Kirill E , Pei Jimin , Grishin Nick V 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMotivationIntrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are involved in numerous processes crucial for living organisms. Bias in amino acid composition of these proteins determines their unique biophysical and functional features. Distinct intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) with compositional bias play different important roles in various biological processes. IDRs enriched in particular amino acids in human proteome have not been described consistently.ResultsWe developed DisEnrich—the database of human proteome IDRs that are significantly enriched in particular amino acids. Each human protein is described using Gene Ontology (GO) function terms, disorder prediction for the full-length sequence using three methods, enriched IDR composition and ranks of human proteins with similar enriched IDRs. Distribution analysis of enriched IDRs among broad functional categories revealed significant overrepresentation of R- and Y-enriched IDRs in metabolic and enzymatic activities and F-enriched IDRs in transport. About 75% of functional categories contain IDPs with IDRs significantly enriched in hydrophobic residues that are important for protein–protein interactions.Availability and implementationThe database is available at http://prodata.swmed.edu/DisEnrichDB/.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.
‘This is how I explain the universality of Xenophon’: Machado de Assis, Brazilian Republic and theCyropaedia
Authors: Sano Lucia 
Published: January 2022

AbstractJoaquim Maria Machado de Assis (1839–1908), considered by many the greatest Brazilian author, was once called a Greek of the golden days due in part to his frequent use of classical allusions. This article analyses the reception of Xenophon's Cyropaedia in his novel Esau and Jacob (1904). Its narrator quotes the Greek author’s reflection on the instability of all political regimes and his conclusion that man is the most difficult animal for man to govern. In a chronicle published in 1894, Machado de Assis had already mocked Xenophon’s perceived universality focusing on this same passage, which he finds contradictory. This is also highlighted in the novel where the quote reflects on the transition from monarchy to republic in late nineteenth-century Brazil. The use of classical references is characteristic of Machado’s unreliable narrator who both reveals political differences quite specific to Brazilian public life and who is himself a product of that society; it follows that ancient political ideals are reinterpreted to mirror this modern Latin American democracy.
Myocardial fibrosis by T1 mapping magnetic resonance imaging predicts incident cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Marques Mateus D , Weinberg Raquel , Kapoor Shrey , Ostovaneh Mohammad R , Kato Yoko , Liu Chia Ying , Shea Steven , McClelland Robyn L , Post Wendy S , Bluemke David A , Lima João A C , Ambale-Venkatesh Bharath 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Aims
To evaluate whether myocardial fibrosis predicts cardiovascular events (CVEs) and mortality in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Methods and results
Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) T1 mapping with gadolinium administration for assessment of extracellular volume fraction (ECV) was performed in 1326 participants, in whom myocardial scar was assessed by late gadolinium enhancement (LGE). The clinical outcomes were defined as all-cause mortality, atherosclerotic CVEs, and incident heart failure (HF) during an average of 8 years of follow-up after the scan. Participants’ mean native T1 time was 971 ms [standard deviation (SD) 45.5], ECV was 27 (SD 2.9), and 117 (8.8%) of them had LGE. At the time of the CMR exam, participant age was 68 years (SD 9) and 48% of them were women. Ideal cut-offs were identified using classification and regression trees accounting for time-to-event outcomes for ECV (30%) and native T1 time (954 ms). Over the follow-up period, 106 participants died, 78 developed CVE, and 23 developed HF. After adjustment for risk factors, ECV &gt;30% was associated with death [hazard ratio (HR): 1.67, P &lt; 0.05], incident CVE (HR: 2.02, P &lt; 0.05), and incident HF (HR: 2.85, P &lt; 0.05). After adjustments, native T1 &gt;954 ms was associated with incident CVE (HR: 2.09, P &lt; 0.05). Myocardial scar by LGE was not predictive of clinical outcomes after adjustments.

Conclusion
ECV is an independent prognostic marker of incident HF, atherosclerotic CVEs, and all-cause mortality. ECV, with its ability to characterize both diffuse and focal fibrosis processes, better predicted incident events than regional myocardial abnormalities as visualized by LGE imaging in a large multi-ethnic population.
Women, Gender and the Professionalisation of French Cultural Diplomacy in Britain, 1900–1940
Authors: Faucher Charlotte 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This article traces the evolution of French cultural diplomacy in Britain from the early twentieth century to the end of the inter-war period; it argues that this field of international relations could not have developed at this time without the intervention of a handful of determined women who undertook activities outside official diplomatic circles. In the first decades of the twentieth century, these women designed cultural strategies and ran institutions that aimed to promote positive images of France in Britain at a time when strong Franco-British relations formed a cornerstone of French diplomatic strategies against mounting German geopolitical ambitions. However, none of these women enjoyed diplomatic status and many were subject to gender-based criticism on the part of official male diplomats. After the First World War, processes of professionalisation made it extremely difficult for the women who had shaped cultural diplomacy in an unofficial capacity to continue acting at the fore of this field, all the more so as they were forbidden at the time to take the entrance exam of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The inter-war professionalisation of diplomacy, however, did not lead to the complete exclusion of women. This article argues that, on the one hand, professionalisation carved out official spaces for women who abided by the criteria outlined by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs; on the other hand, the non-state nature of much of inter-war cultural diplomacy meant that some women could continue to pursue cultural diplomatic strategies as part of unofficial networks of diplomacy.
Application of electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy-guided microwave ablation in multiple pulmonary nodules: a single-centre study
Authors: Zeng Chenxi , Fu Xiangning , Yuan Zhiwei , Hu Shaojie , Wang Xue , Ping Wei , Cai Yixin , Wang Jianing 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB)-guided microwave ablation is a minimally invasive technology for treating pulmonary lesions. This study analysed the short-term safety and efficacy of ENB-guided microwave ablation in multiple pulmonary nodules (MPNs).

METHODS
This retrospective study reports a single-centre experience with ENB-guided microwave ablation for MPNs. Clinical, surgical and pathological data were obtained for patients who underwent ENB-guided microwave ablation from 23 December 2019 to 23 June 2021. The primary end points were technical safety and efficiency.

RESULTS
The study assessed 65 patients who underwent ENB-guided microwave ablation, 57 of whom simultaneously underwent video-assisted thoracic surgery. In total, 216 nodules were treated. Of 96 nodules treated by ENB-guided microwave ablation, 94 nodules had ground-glass opacity. Ablation efficiency was confirmed by hybrid cone-beam computed tomography. Of 120 nodules surgically removed, 106 nodules had ground-glass opacity. The mean nodule size was 7.9 mm in ablated nodules and 10.2 mm in resected nodules. Distance between nodules and pleura or fissure was 17.45 mm in ablated nodules and 7.29 mm in resected nodules. The overall malignancy rate was 47.7% (103/216); the complication rate was low (65 patients). At short-term follow-up, the post-ablation target zone shrank by 1 week and stabilized after 4–6 months. No local recurrence or enlargement of other pulmonary nodules was noted.

CONCLUSIONS
To treat MPNs, ENB-guided microwave ablation is safe and efficient. The combination of this treatment and video-assisted thoracic surgery is a potential application, which can preserve as much pulmonary function as possible and treat MPNs to the maximum extent.
The effect of mobile health focused on diet and lifestyle on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: David Caroline Nespolo de , Ziegelmann Patricia K , Goveia Pâmella , Silvani Juliana , Silveira Letícia Ribeiro P da , Fuchs Sandra C 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
To determine the effect of mobile health (mHealth) focused on diet and lifestyle on blood pressure (BP). We performed a systematic review with meta-analysis using the mean difference (MD) of change from baseline as an effect measure. MEDLINE via PubMed, Cochrane Central, and EMBASE were reviewed until 6 May 2020. We included randomized controlled trials of adults who participated in mHealth focused on diet and lifestyle. Interventions were grouped according to the presence of health professional intervention (PI) (PI + mHealth or mHealth only). Eligible controls did not participate in mHealth and were classified as active comparator (PI) or no intervention (NI). Subgroup analyses were performed according to the presence of prior cardiovascular disease and hypertension status. We included 44 trials involving 24 692 participants. Mobile health interventions were superior to NI in reducing SBP in both situations: alone [MD = −1.8 mmHg; 95% confidence interval (CI): −3.6; 0.0] or with PI (MD = −5.3 mmHg; 95% CI: −7.5; −3.1), with a greater effect size in the latter group (P = 0.016). This benefit was not observed when the control was PI. DBP and SBP had consistent results. There was a marked effect of PI + mHealth vs. NI on the BP reduction among hypertensive participants. Current evidence shows that mHealth focused on diet and lifestyle can reduce BP, especially when implemented in hypertensive participants, and PI may provide additional benefit. PROSPERO ID CRD42019141475.
Macromolecular composition and substrate range of three marine fungi across major cell types
Authors: Thomas Seth , Lengger Sabine K , Bird Kimberley E , Allen Ro , Cunliffe Michael 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMarine fungi exist as three major cell types: unicellular yeasts, filamentous hyphae and zoosporic early-diverging forms, such as the Chytridiomycota (chytrids). To begin to understand the ecological and biogeochemical influence of these cell types within the wider context of other plankton groups, cell size and macromolecular composition must be assessed across all three cell types. Using a mass–balance approach to culture, we describe quantitative differences in substrate uptake and subsequent macromolecular distribution in three model marine fungi: the yeast Metschnikowia zobellii, the filamentous Epicoccum nigrum and chytrid Rhizophydium littoreum. We compared these model cell types with select oleaginous phytoplankton of specific biotechnological interest through metanalysis. We hypothesise that fungal cell types will maintain a significantly different macromolecular composition to one another and further represent an alternative grazing material to bacterioplankton and phytoplankton for higher trophic levels. Assessment of carbon substrate range and utilisation using phenotype arrays suggests that marine fungi have a wide substrate range. Fungi also process organic matter to an elevated-lipid macromolecular composition with reduced-protein content. Because of their size and increased lipid composition compared to other plankton groups, we propose that fungi represent a compositionally distinct, energy-rich grazing resource in marine ecosystems. We propose that marine fungi could act as vectors of organic matter transfer across trophic boundaries, and supplement our existing understanding of the microbial loop and carbon transfer in marine ecosystems.
Measuring the Quality of Care for Older Adults With Multimorbidity: Results of the MULTIqual Project
Authors: Schulze Josefine , Glassen Katharina , Pohontsch Nadine J , Blozik Eva , Eißing Tabea , Breckner Amanda , Höflich Charlotte , Rakebrandt Anja , Schäfer Ingmar , Szecsenyi Joachim , Scherer Martin , Lühmann Dagmar 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesProviding health care for older adults with multimorbidity is often complex, challenging, and prone to fragmentation. Although clinical decision making should take into account treatment interactions, individual burden, and resources, current approaches to assessing quality of care mostly rely on indicators for single conditions. The aim of this project was to develop a set of generic quality indicators for the management of patients aged 65 and older with multimorbidity that can be used in both health care research and clinical practice.Research Design and MethodsBased on the findings of a systematic literature review and eight focus groups with patients with multimorbidity and their family members, we developed candidate indicators. Identified aspects of quality were mapped to core domains of health care to obtain a guiding framework for quality-of-care assessment. Using nominal group technique, indicators were rated by a multidisciplinary expert panel (n = 23) following standardized criteria.ResultsWe derived 47 candidate quality indicators from the literature and 4 additional indicators from the results of the focus groups. The expert panel selected a set of 25 indicators, which can be assigned to the levels of patient factors, patient–provider communication, and context and organizational structures of the conceptual framework.Discussion and ImplicationsWe developed a comprehensive indicator set for the management of multimorbidity that can help to highlight areas with potential for improving the quality of care and support application of multimorbidity guidelines. Furthermore, this study may serve as a blueprint for participatory designs in the development of quality indicators.
Recannulation of the right axillary artery in reoperative proximal thoracic aortic surgery is safe
Authors: Puiu Paul-Cătălin , Pingpoh Clarence , Kreibich Maximilian , Czerny Martin , Zimmer Emmanuel , Beyersdorf Friedhelm , Siepe Matthias 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of recannulating the axillary artery in reoperative proximal thoracic aortic surgery.

METHODS
Between 2008 and 2020, we evaluated patients who underwent reoperative proximal thoracic aortic surgery. The patients were divided into 2 groups: (i) patients with no previous right axillary artery cannulation (primary cannulation group) and (ii) patients with a previous cannulated right axillary artery (recannulation group). We analysed the intraoperative data, cannulation-related complications, postoperative outcomes and compared the 2 groups (primary cannulation versus recannulation).

RESULTS
The patient (n = 132) baseline characteristics did not differ significantly between the 2 groups. There was no statistically significant difference in regard to the duration of surgery, cardiopulmonary bypass, aortic cross-clamp and antegrade cerebral perfusion time nor in regard to the total number of patients with cannulation-related complications between the 2 groups [n = 8 (8.0%) vs n = 1 (3.1%), P = 0.34]. The incidence of iatrogenic axillary artery dissection, iatrogenic aortic dissection, iatrogenic aortic dissection leading to death, axillary artery thrombosis, need for surgical repair, brachial plexus injury rates, malperfusion, high perfusion resistance and hyperperfusion syndrome revealed no significant difference between the 2 groups (P &gt; 0.05). There were 11 (11.0%) cases of stroke in the primary cannulation group and 1 (3.1%) in the recannulation group (P = 0.18).

CONCLUSIONS
Recannulation of the right axillary artery in reoperative proximal thoracic aortic surgery is not associated with worse clinical outcomes and can be safely and effectively performed, also representing a preventive and rescue measure. Previous cannulation of the axillary artery should not hinder the decision for recannulation.
Integrability of local and non-local non-commutative fourth-order quintic non-linear Schrödinger equations
Authors: Malham Simon J A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We prove integrability of a generalized non-commutative fourth-order quintic non-linear Schrödinger equation. The proof is relatively succinct and rooted in the linearization method pioneered by Ch. Pöppe. It is based on solving the corresponding linearized partial differential system to generate an evolutionary Hankel operator for the ‘scattering data’. The time-evolutionary solution to the non-commutative non-linear partial differential system is then generated by solving a linear Fredholm equation which corresponds to the Marchenko equation. The integrability of reverse space-time and reverse time non-local versions, in the sense of Ablowitz and Musslimani (2017, Integrable nonlocal nonlinear equations, Stud. Appl. Math. 139, 7–59), of the fourth-order quintic non-linear Schrödinger equation are proved contiguously by the approach adopted. Further, we implement a numerical integration scheme based on the analytical approach above, which involves solving the linearized partial differential system followed by numerically solving the linear Fredholm equation to generate the solution at any given time.
Characteristics and perspectives of patients with postoperative trichiasis in Hadiya Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Shrestha Riju , Merbs Shannath L , Bayissasse Belay , Sisay Alemayehu , Beckwith Colin , Courtright Paul , Gower Emily W 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Postoperative trachomatous trichiasis (PTT) is a challenge for trichiasis surgery programs. Little is known about PTT patients’ perceptions regarding outcomes and future disease management. This study aimed to understand the characteristics of PTT patients, how they managed trichiasis and their perceptions of prior surgeries and future surgery uptake.

Methods
Patients with PTT were identified during an existing trichiasis screening program in Hadiya Zone, Ethiopia. A vision assessment and evaluation of the eyelids were conducted to determine distance vision, presence and severity of trichiasis and eyelid contour abnormalities. A questionnaire was administered to obtain information regarding patients’ perceptions of surgery and PTT management approaches. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize PTT and determine associations between PTT severity and patient perceptions.

Results
Among 404 participants, most were female (79.7%) and aged 40–60 y (62.6%). In total, 514 eyelids had PTT, and nearly half had severe PTT (46.9%). Although &gt;50% of participants were currently epilating to manage their PTT, the majority (82.8%) indicated that they wanted repeat surgery. Most participants indicated that pain persisted despite epilation. The majority (75.1%) indicated satisfaction with their prior surgery and 59.6% indicated that they would recommend surgery to others.

Conclusions
This study, which included a large proportion of severe PTT cases, indicated that individuals were generally satisfied with prior surgery and would prefer to have surgery again for PTT management.
First Phylogenomic Assessment of the Amphitropical New World Ant Genus Dorymyrmex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), a Longstanding Taxonomic Puzzle
Authors: Oberski Jill T 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Dorymyrmex Mayr 1866, the ‘pyramid ants’ or ‘cone ants’, are conspicuous inhabitants of arid landscapes across the Americas. Ranging from the Great Plains to Patagonia, they are concentrated north and south of the tropics in contrast to the latitudinal diversity gradient canon. Despite being frequently collected and ecologically important, Dorymyrmex ants exemplify the taxonomic neglect typical in the subfamily Dolichoderinae. The genus has never had the benefit of a global revision, and even the major lineages are still uncertain. This work characterizes the issues at hand and ushers 22 Dorymyrmex species into the world of modern-day phylogenomics: By targeting ultraconserved elements (UCEs) across the genome, I construct an alignment of 1,891 loci, infer phylogenies under maximum likelihood and Bayesian approaches, and estimate divergence dates. Three major clades of Dorymyrmex emerge with maximal support, corresponding to former genera: Dorymyrmex sensu stricto, Araucomyrmex Gallardo 1919, and Conomyrma Forel 1913. The pyramicus group (‘Conomyrma’) shows a recent, rapid radiation with minimal morphological differentiation, reaffirming the difficulty of species delimitation in this widespread clade. Finally, I observe a general south-to-north pattern of dispersal, likely by way of savanna ‘stepping stones’ across the tropics during cooler, drier periods. Intercontinental dispersal occurred after the hypothetical Caribbean landspan in the Miocene, but before the Pleistocene or the completion of the Panamanian isthmus, suggesting dispersal by flight. This corroborates patterns observed in other arid-adapted amphitropical New World taxa. Characterizing the major Dorymyrmex species groups is an important first step towards stable taxonomic definitions—which underpin active studies in behavior, chemical ecology, and physiology.
Organizations, Resistance, and Democracy: How Civil Society Organizations Impact Democratization
Authors: Pinckney Jonathan , Butcher Charles , Braithwaite Jessica Maves 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWhen are episodes of resistance likely to lead to democratization? We argue that the participation of durable organizations rooted in quotidian relationships that are not themselves designed to compete for political power (what we call “quotidian civil society organizations,” QCSOs) drives successful democratic transitions. QCSOs are more likely to have stable preferences for democracy and durable mobilization structures that create greater accountability for new elites during political transitions and thus make shifts to democracy more likely compared to movements dominated by other organization types, such as political parties. Quantitative tests using novel data on the composition of resistance movements in Africa from 1990 to 2015 support these arguments. Older QCSOs and those independent from opposition political parties and the state also appear to be the most likely to engender democratization.