bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WITHDRAWN: Heat and mass transport characteristics of microchannel steam reforming reactor systems for hydrogen production
Authors: Chen Junjie , Meng Lingyu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Chemical reactions that produce heat and those that take up heat form two very important classes of reactions. Although exothermic and endothermic reactions are easy to implement, a compact and simple reactor design is challenging due to the limitations of heat and mass transport. The present study relates to a catalytic process of methanol steam reforming for the production of hydrogen in a microchannel steam reforming reactor system. Processes of conducting endothermic steam reforming reactions in integrated combustion reactors were described. The effect of washcoat thickness on reaction and transport processes were investigated in terms of efficiency and performance. The importance of effectiveness factor was highlighted. Engineering maps that delineated temperature, species mole fractions, sensible enthalpy, and total enthalpy were constructed. Design recommendations were made to improve the overall heat and mass transport characteristics. The results indicated that the reactor system is capable of high heat and mass transfer coefficients between a bulk reaction fluid and the catalytic heat exchange surface. The thickness of catalyst washcoats are fundamentally important for improving the overall transport characteristics. A desired level of reactor performance can be maintained through the use of optimum key parameters pertaining to the chemically reacting flow system. However, to ensure the effectiveness of the endothermic steam reformation process, the catalyst washcoats must be sufficiently thick. The thickness of catalyst washcoats can be tailored to avoid the limitations imposed by heat transfer and chemical kinetics.
Glia maturation factor-γ (GMFG) promotes ovarian tumorigenesis and chemoresistance via activation of the FAK signaling-associated focal adhesion dynamics
Authors: Lan Aihua , Lv Cuiting , Wang Jingshu , Yang Lina , Du Ran , Li Hui , Yu Yinjue , Ren Chunxia , Yang Gong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Glia maturation factor-γ (GMFG) is reported to regulate actin cytoskeleton remodeling through the facilitation of actin debranching and nucleation suppression, which may be associated with cellular malignancy, but the role of GMFG in tumorigenesis remains largely unknown. By overexpressing or silencing of GMFG in ovarian cancer cell lines, we show that GMFG enhances in vitro ovarian cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and paclitaxel resistance and accelerates in vivo tumor growth and intraperitoneal metastasis in xenograft animal models. The mechanistic study demonstrates that GMFG activates the FAK/Talin/Paxillin/Src signaling molecules via binding to p-FAK (Tyr397) and p-Talin (Ser425), whereas cell proliferation, migration and paclitaxel resistance induced by GMFG can be inversely suppressed by the chemical inhibition of p-FAK (Tyr397). Additionally, patients with high expression of GMFG exhibited a poor progression-free survival (PFS) (HR = 1.42, 95%CI: 1.1 − 1.82, P = 0.0065). To conclude, our study suggests that GMFG may activate FAK signaling via binding to p-FAK (tyr397) and p-Talin (ser425) to promote ovarian tumorigenesis and chemoresistance. These findings indicate a functional interaction between GMFG and FAK pathway in ovarian tumorigenesis and chemoresistance. Thus, targeting the oncogenic GMFG-FAK axis may be a promising therapeutic strategy for ovarian cancer.
A study on regional distribution of Interglobular dentin in crown and root portion of the teeth.
Authors: HIMANSHU SINGH  , VEDANT PATEL  , RAHUL A RAZDAN  , PRACHI NAYAK  , NAYAK SUSHRUTH , KUNDENDU ARYA BISHEN  
Published: May 2022

Introduction :Interglobular dentin is the area of hypomineralized or unmineralized denitn. Interglobular dentin is located at various region in teeth.
Aim : To identify the most common location of interglobular dentin in ground section of teeth.
Settings and Design : the study comprised of 69 extracted tooth.
Materials and Method: The study comprised of 69 extracted teeth. Ground sections of all 69 extracted teeth were prepared with the help of Arkansas stone, mounted on glass slide with the help of DPX and then observed under routine microscope by 2 observers.
Results: The most common location of interglobular dentin is cervical third
Conclusion: The interglobular dentin is more commonly seen in cervical third portion of crown as well as root in males and females.
Salivary Interleukin - 6: Assessment In Chronic Generalized Periodontitis Patient With And Without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Modi Shreya , Srivastava Sumedha , Kalburgi Veena , Nimmala Sai Sri Harsha , Gupta Anushri , Malik Nida 
Published: May 2022

Background: Periodontitis is affected by various systemic diseases, among them Diabetes Mellitus is a major systemic factor to influence the severity of chronic periodontitis. Various inflammatory markers are produced in the course of disease that can be reflected in saliva. This study evaluates the salivary concentration of interleukin-6 (IL - 6) in periodontitis patients with type 2 diabetes.
Materials and Methods: Whole saliva samples were collected from sixty four patients who were further divided into four groups; Healthy group (control group; n = 16), Chronic Generalized Periodontitis (PD; n = 16), Diabetes Mellitus (DM; n = 16), and Chronic Generalized Periodontitis along with Diabetes Mellitus (PD + DM; n = 16 patients). Salivary IL-6 concentrations were determined by standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Clinical parameters were recorded like Gingival Index (GI), Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD), Gingival Recession (GR), Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) with the help of mouth mirror and UNC -15 graduated periodontal probe.
Results: Result showed that the Chronic Generalized Periodontitis patients with and without Diabetes Mellitus exhibited higher concentrations of salivary IL-6 than the control group and diabetes groups. Further, the salivary IL-6 was correlated with glycosylated hemoglobin A levels in patient with diabetes. This is due to the fact that both Diabetes & Periodontitis are chronic inflammatory disease that significantly increase the expression of IL-6 which cause insulin resistance in adipocyte and thereby affecting HbA1c levels. Therefore, both can affect severity of each other. Salivary concentration of IL‐6 was determined using an Human IL-6 (Interleukin- 6) ELISA Kit. Kruskal Wallis test was applied to compare any statistical difference between groups for clinical parameters, HbA1c and IL-6. Spearman correlation test was used to find any relation between HbA1c and IL -6 among all the groups. A significance level of 5% was set (P<0.05).

Conclusion: The salivary concentration of IL-6 was elevated in patients with periodontitis with and without diabetes. Therefore, levels of salivary IL-6 can be considered as an important biomarker in the diagnosis of periodontitis and diabetes.
“Is a transdermal diclofenac patch better than oral diclofenac tablets”: A Randomized controlled, Trial clinical.
Authors: Kumar Sourav 
Published: May 2022

Aim: This study aimed to compare the analgesic effect of transdermal Diclofenac with oral Diclofenac tablets.
Method: In this randomised controlled clinical trial a total of 80 patients were divided randomly in two groups with one group of patients (N1)were given Transdermal diclofenac patch(200 mg) and other group of patients(N2) were given diclofenac tablets after extraction Patients were assessed for pain at various intervals and the assessment of side effects.
Results: Significant results were seen at 6 hours with higher number of subjects reporting VAS score 0 and 1-3 in group NI, while subjects reported higher VAS score 4-6 and 7-10 in group N2. Also 20 % of the patients in group N2 (Diclofenac tablet group) complains of gastric irritation after 24 hrs. Statistically no significant difference exists in uniformity of pain control and interference in routine activities during past 24 hours among both the groups.
Conclusion: We can conclude that diclofenac patch is more effective in pain control in the early stage after extraction of the tooth and have lesser side effects as compared to diclofeanc tablets.
Keywords: Gastric irritation; Transdermal patch; VAS score.
Impacts of hydro-climatic trends and upstream water management on hydropower generation at the Bagré dam
Authors: Yangouliba Gnibga Issoufou , Koch Hagen , Liersch Stefan , Sintondji Luc Ollivier , Sidibé Moussa , Larbi Isaac , Limantol Andrew Manoba , Yira Yacouba , Dipama Jean-Marie , Kwawuvi Daniel 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Global hydro-climatic trends are ambiguous, challenging the management of water resources. This challenge is addressed in the current study by investigating the impacts of hydro-climatic trends and upstream water management on hydropower generation at the Bagré dam. Modified Mann–Kendall trend test, Standard Normal Homogeneity Test and Pettit test were applied to some selected hydro-climatic variables for the trend and the change year detection, whereas the relationship between upstream dam management, hydro-climatic variables and hydropower were assessed through the Spearman correlation. The results revealed an annual positive trend for all hydro-climatic variables except for water level, lake evaporation and outflow. The break years observed in hydropower generation (2002) and inflow (2006) were mainly due to the construction of the Ziga dam in 2000 and its management change in 2005, respectively. The study also showed that hydropower generation declines each May (−30.36 MWh) and June (−16.82 MWh) due to the significant increase in irrigation withdrawals (1.94 hm3 in May and 0.67 hm3 in June). The results of this study highlighted the non-linearity in the relationship between hydropower generation and hydro-climatic variables as none of the correlation coefficients (apart from turbine) are very strong (&gt;0.8). As many human activities occurred in the basin, further research should be focused on the use of semi-distributed models to assess the impacts of water-use and land-use change on hydropower generation.
Start-up and performance of a downflow fluidised bed reactor for biological treatment of yellow wastewater and nutrient recovery
Authors: Espinosa-Chávez Belem , Ramírez-Vives Florina , Zeeman Grietje , Monroy-Hermosillo Oscar 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The treatment of yellow water (human urine) in a downflow fluidised bed reactor (DFFBR) was investigated to evaluate biological ureolysis and nutrient recovery. The reactor was operated at 30±4 °C in batch mode, and reaction time = 1 d. The average immobilised biomass (as volatile solids, IVS) in the reactor was 2.5±0.9 g L−1support, and specific ureolytic activity was 121 g Urea-N g−1 IVS d−1. The kinetic parameters were 0.152 mol L−1 (Km) and 8 mol g−1 IVS d−1 (Vmax). The ureolysis efficiency was 93.4% and chemical oxygen demand removal efficiency was 31.2%, while total ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) production rate was 7 g L−1 d−1 and phosphate removal reached 26%. Precipitates recovery during biological treatment was 1.72±0.8 g. These results suggest that the treatment of yellow water in a DFFBR is a viable option for partial recovery of N and P.
In silico Study of Acetylcholinesterase and Beta-secretase Inhibitors:
Potential Multitarget Anti-Alzheimer’s Agents
Authors: da Silva Hage-Melim Lorane Izabel , da Costa Daniel Castro , Teixeira Hueldem Ronam Cristo , Silva Raí Campos , Francischini Isaque Antonio Galindo , de Paula da Silva Carlos Henrique Tomich 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative process with multifactorial
characteristics. This disease follows the natural aging process, affecting mainly people
over 65 years. Pharmacotherapeutic treatment currently combats symptoms related to cognitive
function. Several targets have begun to attract the interest of the scientific community to develop
new drug candidates which have better pharmacokinetic and lower toxicity parameters.

Objective:
The present study aims to design new candidates for acetylcholinesterase/β-secretase
(AChE/BACE1) multitarget inhibitor drugs.

Method:
17 natural products were selected from the literature with anticholinesterase activity and
1 synthetic molecule with inhibitory activity for BACE1. Subsequently, the molecular docking
study was performed, followed by the derivation of the pharmacophoric pattern and prediction of
pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties. Finally, the hybrid prototype was designed.

Results:
All selected molecules showed interactions with their respective target enzymes. Derivation
of the pharmacophoric pattern from molecules that interacted with the AChE enzyme resulted
in 3 pharmacophoric regions: an aromatic ring, an electron-acceptor region and a hydrophobic region.
The molecules showed good pharmacokinetic and toxicological results, showing no warnings
of mutagenicity and/or carcinogenicity. After the hybridization process, three hybrid molecules
were obtained, which showed inhibitory activity for both targets.

Conclusion:
It is concluded that research in the field of medicinal chemistry is advancing towards
the discovery of new drug candidates that bring a better quality of life to patients with AD.
Na+/HCO3− Co-transporters Inhibitor S0859 Attenuates Global Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion Injury of the CA1 Neurons in the Gerbil’s Hippocampus
Authors: Jia Meng , Zhang Qian , Guo Xi , Liu Ru , Liu Sha , Chen Nanyu , Wang Yunfu , Wang Qun , Wu Jianping , Campbell Susan L. 
Published: May 2022

Background:Metabolic acidosis plays a key role in transient global cerebral ischemiareperfusion (I/R) induced delayed neuronal death (DND) of the hippocampal CA1 region of gerbils. Na+ coupled HCO3 - transporters (NBCs) mediated Na+/HCO3 - co-transportation can be activated by the pH gradient of intracellular and extracellular environments induced by acidosis. However, whether NBCs are activated and involved in I/R-induced neuronal injury is unknown.Objective:In this work, we studied neuronal apoptosis, astrocyte activation, and hippocampusdependent memory task using a well-established transient global cerebral I/R model of gerbils and investigated whether the specific NBCs inhibitor S0859 could reverse this injury.Methods:To explore the role of S0859 in I/R-induced DND, we established a transient global cerebral I/R model of Mongolian gerbils and studied neuronal apoptosis by using Nissl stain and TUNEL assay. The excitability and NBCs current were analyzed by whole-cell patch-clamp, while the cognitive function was evaluated by Barnes maze.Results:We found that I/R increased the NBCs current, inhibited the excitability of CA1 neurons, and led to apoptosis in CA1 neurons. Selective NBCs inhibitor S0859 protected CA1 neurons from I/R induced neuronal cell death, astrocyte accumulation, and spatial memory impairment.Conclusion:These findings indicate that NBCs mediate transient global cerebral I/R induced DND of CA1 neurons, and NBCs inhibitors could be a promising target to protect neuronal functions after I/R.
The Effects of Vitamin Therapy on ASD and ADHD: A Narrative Review
Authors: Olangian-Tehrani Sepehr , Poudineh Mohadeseh , Parvin Sadaf , Omidali Mehrnia , Nikzad Farhad , Mohammadyari Fatemeh , Sadeghi Poor Ranjbar Fatemeh , Rasouli Fayaz , Nanbakhsh Sepehr 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:The effects of a sufficient amount of vitamins and nutrients on the proper function of the nervous system have always been regarded by scientists. In recent years, many studies have been done on controlling or improving the symptoms of neurological and behavioral disorders created by changes in the level of vitamins and other nutrition, such as omega-3 and iron supplements. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that disrupts individual communication, especially in social interactions. Its symptoms include anxiety, violence, depression, self-injury, trouble with social contact and pervasive, stereotyped, and repetitive behavior. ASD is most noticeable in early childhood. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a lasting pattern of inattention with or without hyperactivity that causes functional disruption in daily life. ADHD symptoms included; impulsivity, hyperactivity, inattention, restlessness, talkativeness, excessive fidgeting in situations such as sitting, meetings, lectures, or at the movies, boredom, inability to make decisions, and procrastination. The exact etiology of ADHD has not yet been found, but several observations have assumed the reduced function of the brain leads to deficits in motor planning and cognitive processing. It has been shown that Pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress biomarkers could be increased in both ASD and ADHD. Several studies have been done to illustrate if vitamins and other dietary supplements are effective in treating and preventing ASD and ADHD. In this review, we aim to evaluate the effects of vitamins and other dietary supplements (e.g., melatonin, zinc supplements, magnesium supplements) on ASD and ADHD.
Comparison of Efficacy of Remdesivir with Supportive Care Alone in the
Treatment of Critically Sick Adult and Child COVID-19 Patients: A Randomized
Clinical Trial
Authors: Gheitani Mina , Hormati Ahmad , Ahmadpour Sajjad , Ghadir Mohammad Reza , Ghomi Seyed Yaser Foroghi , Tafaroji Javad , Movahedi Zahra , Hossaini Seyed Kamal Eshagh , Khoshgoftar Morteza 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Seeking new specific and effective drugs against Coronavirus Diseases-2019
(COVID-19) is of great importance. This study describes the efficacy of remdesivir with supportive care
alone in the treatment of critically sick adult and child COVID-19 patients.

Method:
This study was a one-blind placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial in adults (aged≥18 years)
and children (aged≤12 years) in Iran. Patients were included if they had positive PCR test for SARS-CoV-2
infection, O2 saturation ≤88%, and compatible symptoms. All participants received standard care following
national treatment guidelines. The treatment group received remdesivir (200 mg IV on day 1 and followed
by 100 mg in single daily infusions). The control group received standard care and an identical volume of
placebo infusions (Water for injection) for 5 days. For pediatric patients, the intervention group received
remdesivir (5mg/kg on the first day and then 5.2 mg/kg on days 2 to 5). Discharge from the hospital within
10 days of first treatment is considered as the primary endpoint of the study. Admission in the intensive care
unit (ICU) is considered as original secondary endpoint of the study.

Results:
141 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to two group (adults; 54 patients in the intervention
group vs. 52 patients in the control group, and children; 17 patients in the intervention group vs. 18
patients in the control group). The mean time from the first symptoms until the referral to the hospital in
adult patients was 5.61 ± 2.67 day and 4.80±1.48 day for intervention and control groups, respectively. The
mean time from the first symptoms until death was reported to be significant and was longer for intervention
group than the control group (24.83 ± 11.25 vs. 10.50 ± 2.42 day; p value=0. 012). For children who received
remdesivir, the mean time between admission until death was reported to be significant, as the finding highlighted
a longer time duration for the intervention group (13.55 ± 0.72 vs. 10.66 ± 0.57 day; p value=0.
Mechanicalanical ventilation was used in 17 patients (100%) and 18 patients (100%) in the intervention and
control groups, respectively (p value=0.853).

Conclusion:
Among patients with critical COVID-19, those randomized to a 5-day treatment of remdesivir
did have a statistically significant difference in clinical status compared with the control group of both adults
and children.

Clinical Trial Registration Number:
This study is registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trial (No.
IRCT 20200405046953N1).
In silico Studies of Plant-Derived Bioactive Compounds of Wedelia Species
Authors: Rani Nidhi , Dahiya Randhir S. , Kumar Praveen 
Published: May 2022

Background:
In India, several types of plants have been researched for the treatment of
various ailments. Wedelia species, belonging to the Asteraceae family, is one of the wonder plants
that has been utilised in Unani, Ayurvedic, and Homeopathic treatment for a long time.

Objective:
The components of Wedelia species were investigated in order to create novel powerful
anti-fungal drugs with low toxicity and high efficacy followed by high bioavailability.

Methods:
Molergo Virtual Docker was used to test the chemical components of the plant for antifungal
potential against the enzyme 14-demethylase.

Results:
According to the findings, about fifteen compounds were identified as promising compounds
with a high dock score and number of interactions.

Conclusion:
These compounds can further be isolated and worked upon for future research.
A Web-Based, Provider-Driven Mobile App to Enhance Patient Care Coordination Between Dialysis Facilities and Hospitals: Development and Pilot Implementation Study
Authors: Plantinga Laura C , Hoge Courtney , Vandenberg Ann E , James Kyle , Masud Tahsin , Khakharia Anjali , Gray Carol , Jaar Bernard G , Lea Janice P , O'Donnell Christopher M , Mutell Richard 
Published: May 2022

Background
We piloted a web-based, provider-driven mobile app (DialysisConnect) to fill the communication and care coordination gap between hospitals and dialysis facilities.

Objective
This study aimed to describe the development and pilot implementation of DialysisConnect.

Methods
DialysisConnect was developed iteratively with focus group and user testing feedback and was made available to 120 potential users at 1 hospital (hospitalists, advanced practice providers [APPs], and care coordinators) and 4 affiliated dialysis facilities (nephrologists, APPs, nurses and nurse managers, social workers, and administrative personnel) before the start of the pilot (November 1, 2020, to May 31, 2021). Midpilot and end-of-pilot web-based surveys of potential users were also conducted. Descriptive statistics were used to describe system use patterns, ratings of multiple satisfaction items (1=not at all; 3=to a great extent), and provider-selected motivators of and barriers to using DialysisConnect.

Results
The pilot version of DialysisConnect included clinical information that was automatically uploaded from dialysis facilities, forms for entering critical admission and discharge information, and a direct communication channel. Although physicians comprised most of the potential users of DialysisConnect, APPs and dialysis nurses were the most active users. Activities were unevenly distributed; for example, 1 hospital-based APP recorded most of the admissions (280/309, 90.6%) among patients treated at the pilot dialysis facilities. End-of-pilot ratings of DialysisConnect were generally higher for users versus nonusers (eg, “I can see the potential value of DialysisConnect for my work with dialysis patients”: mean 2.8, SD 0.4, vs mean 2.3, SD 0.6; P=.02). Providers most commonly selected reduced time and energy spent gathering information as a motivator (11/26, 42%) and a lack of time to use the system as a barrier (8/26, 31%) at the end of the pilot.

Conclusions
This pilot study found that APPs and nurses were most likely to engage with the system. Survey participants generally viewed the system favorably while identifying substantial barriers to its use. These results inform how best to motivate providers to use this system and similar systems and inform future pragmatic research in care coordination among this and other populations.