bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Climate Change on Irrigation Case Study on: Wonji Shoa Sugar Plantation Estate
Authors: Abera Bizuayehu , Desale Tewodrose , Asmare Metafet , Metaferia Girum , Endris Seid 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Irrigation is significant in increasing agriculture production and productivity for sustainability of country's economy. Impacts on existing activities for irrigation design and management system is obvious due to rapid change of climate system. This paper future focus to evaluate the influence of changing climate on the crop yield and irrigation requirement for Wonji Shoa Sugarcane Plantation Estate. For future climate data, it used the results of projections of cordex regional climate model (RCM) with bias correction for medium concentration representative path way 4.5RCP and high concentration representative path way 8.5RCP scenario. The down-scaled data were then used as input to the AQUACROP model. The time series indicate a significant increasing trend in maximum and minimum temperature values and a slight increasing trend in precipitation for both 4.5rcp and 8.5 rcp scenarios. The evapotranspiration shows an increases in 20.34%, 20.12%, 23.59% and 24.36% for 8.5 rcp in the period of 2020s, 2040s, 2060s, 2080s respectively. For 4.5rcp scenario the change is in about 8.4%, 11.65%, 13.22%, and 15.85% for the period of 2020s, 2040s, 2060s, and 2080s respectively. The model output shows that there is an annual increase in yield. For 8.5 rcp scenarios, the incensement is 6.2%, 7.84, 11.03% and 14.48% in 2020s, 2040s, 2060s and 2080s respectively. For 4.5 rcp scenarios the increment is much lower compared to 8.5rcp scenarios. But there is steel increasing in yield for 4.5rcp. The change is 0.3%, 1.8%, 7.02%, and 4.82% for the period of 2020s, 2040s, 2060s, and 2080s respectively.
Seismic Design of Setback Irregular Steel Structures based on Life Cycle Cost
Authors: Jebelli Sajad Taheri , Behnam Behrouz , Tehrani Payam 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The seismic design of conventional structures is mainly addressed considering the direct construction cost; the life cycle costs (LCCs) are often neglected. This paper proposes a performance-based framework for optimal seismic design of irregular steel structures; the LCC is involved as an optimization criterion. Two regular 7- and 10-story structures are first designed based on the design earthquake; their geometries are then changed to make them setback irregular having in overall four cases to investigate. Nonlinear analyses are performed to estimate the target displacement for annual exceedance probabilities, different specified acceleration levels, and, accordingly, the extent of the structural damage. The LCCs of the cases studied are calculated to achieve two objectives: an LCC-based optimal design of steel structures, and evaluating the extent of irregularity on the structures’ LCCs. Results indicate that in the regular and irregular 7-story structures, a 40% and a 50% increase in the seismic loads can respectively reduce the LCCs by 31.3% and 34.9%. In the same vein, in the 10-story regular and irregular structures, increasing the seismic loads by 50% can reduce the LCCs by 33.4% and 31.7%, respectively. The results highlight the point that irregular structures, overall, require a higher initial cost than regular structures when the LCC is taken into account as an optimization criterion.
A machine learning framework for the shear limit state reliability of existing FRC beams without stirrups
Authors: Simwanda L. , Onyari EK , Sumbwanyambe M. , Ikotun BD. , Zimbili AO 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A machine learning framework based on Gaussian process regression (GPR) for designing and conducting the shear reliability assessment of exisitng fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) beams without stirrups is presented. The GPR model has good predictive capabilities in terms R2, IA, RMSE, and MAE. Sobol-based Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) reveals the tensile strength of fibres fuf, beam width bw, and shear span to effective depth ratio a/d to be the main contributors to the variability of the shear capacity. Reliability assessment considered in a case study of an existing FRC beam designed using the present GPR confirms the structural reliability of the underlying GPR model.
Supplementation of Lactobacillus reuteri isolated from red jungle fowl along with mannanoligosaccaride improves growth performance, immune response and gut health in broiler Chicken
Authors: Jaiswal Sudhir Kumar , Tomar Simmi , Saxena Vishesh Kumar , S Balraj , Uniyal Sandeep 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of supplementation of Lactobacillus reuteri isolated from the intestine of red jungle fowl along with mannanoligosaccride (MOS) on growth performance, intestinal microbial count, immunity and expression of growth and immune related genes in broiler chicken. Lactobacillus reuteri was isolated from in the GIT tract of red jungle fowl and was utilized for growth bioassay in broiler. For this total 360 CARIBRO-Vishal broiler chicks were weighed individually and randomly allocated to nine treatment groups, each having five replicates with eight chicks in each following complete randomized block design (CRD). The experiment was conducted for 6 weeks duration. The nine treatment groups were control fed basal diet (T1), basal diet + Antibiotic growth promoter, bacitracin methylene disalicylate (BMD) @20mg/kg feed (T2), basal diet + commercial probiotic @ 0.1 g/kg feed (T3), basal diet + Lab isolated Lactobacillus reuteri @ 1x106 CFU/g of fermented feed (T4), basal diet + Lab isolated Lactobacillus reuteri @ 1x107 CFU/g of fermented feed (T5), basal diet + Lab isolated Lactobacillus reuteri @ 1x108 CFU/g of fermented feed (T6), basal diet + Lab isolated Lactobacillus reuteri @ 1x106 CFU/g of fermented + 0.1% MOS (T7), basal diet + Lab isolated Lactobacillus reuteri @ 1x107 CFU/g of fermented + 0.1% MOS (T8), basal diet + Lab isolated Lactobacillus reuteri @ 1x108 CFU/g of fermented feed + 0.1% MOS (T9). 20% of daily basal ration for broiler chicken was autoclaved and inoculated with 15% of Lactobacillus isolate broth culture having a viable count of 106, 107, and 108 CFU/ml and fermented at 37°C for 24 h before adding to daily ration afresh and was mixed well. Results of the present study revealed T9 group supplemented with Lab isolated Lactobaillus reuteri at the dose of 1x108 CFU/g along with 0.1% MOS significantly (P < 0.05) improves body weight, body weight gain, immune response both humoral and cell mediated without effecting the feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Also the pathogenic bacteria count (Salmonella and E.coli) was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the GIT of T9 group as compared to other groups. The significantly (p < 0.05) higher relative expression of growth related genes, IGF-1 and IGF-1R and immune related gene, IL-6 whereas IL-10 and TLR-4 expression were significantly (P < 0.05) down regulated in T9 group (Lab isolated Lactobacillus reuteri @ 1x108 CFU/g of fermented feed + 0.1% MOS). So, it can be concluded from the present study that lactobacillus reuteri isolated for the GIT of the red jungle fowl along with MOS is effective in improving the growth performance, immune response and gut health of commercial CARIBRO-Vishal broiler chicken.
Tribological behavior of a shot-peened nickel-based single crystal superalloy at high temperature
Authors: Sun Shouyi , Li Lei , Hu Chuanyun , Li Qi , Yuan Tianyu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The tribological behavior of a nickel-based single crystal (NBSC) superalloy treated by shot-peening has been investigated. Friction tests under three normal loads and three temperatures were carried out based on the ball-on-disc configuration. The results showed that coefficient of friction (COF) and wear rate of the shot-peened superalloy at room temperature were nearly 2 times and 4 times that at 600 ℃, respectively. However, there were no significant difference in COF and wear rate between the shot-peened NBSC superalloy and the as-received NBSC superalloy, which was ascribed to the competing effects between the increased hardness and the increased roughness of NSBC superalloy after shot-peening. High temperature friction promoted the formation of a glaze-layer on the substrate, which was derived from the sintering and compacting of oxidized wear debris. The formed glaze-layer prevented the direct contact of the friction pair and contributed to the reduced COF and wear rate. The wear mechanism of the SP-NSBC superalloy at high temperature included oxidation, adhesion, and abrasion. With the decreasing normal load and increasing temperature, the adhesive wear weakened. This work provided insights into the effects of shot-peening treatment on the tribological properties of NBSC superalloy.
Religious Identity and Its Relationship to Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder among University Youth
Authors: Alzamil Wafaa , Almusfir May , Qasem mona Al , Alkasabi Manal , Ahmed Emad 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The study aimed to estimate the relationship between religious self-identity and obsessive-compulsive disorder, and the relationship affected by both gender and age. The study manipulated a cross-sectional study design. An available sample of 314 Saudi university students was selected. The study relied on the Brown-Yale inventory of obsessive-compulsive disorder, and the study prepared a scale of religious self-identity. The stability of the obsessive-compulsive disorder scale ranged between 0.74 and 0.76, while the reliability coefficients for religious self-factors ranged from 0.66 to 0.74. The study found goodness-of-fit of the study tools with the sample data using confirmatory factor analysis. The correlation coefficients between religious identity factors and the obsessive factor were positive, while the relationship was negative between religious identity factors and compulsive behaviors. The results revealed that there are gender differences in the self-reassuring in favor of females due to the influence of the age variable.
The involvement of AtMKK1 and AtMKK3 in plant-deleterious microbial volatile compounds-induced innate immunity.
Authors: Chang Ching-Han , Wang Wu-Guei , Su Pei-Yu , Chen Yu-Shuo , Nguyen Tri-Phuong , Xu Jian , Ohme-Takagi Masaru , Mimura Tetsuro , Hou Ping-Fu , Huang Hao-Jen 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
​​ Microbial volatile compounds (mVCs) are a collection of volatile metabolites from microorganisms with biological effects on all living organisms. mVCs function as gaseous modulators of plant growth and plant health. In this study, the defense events induced by plant-deleterious mVCs were investigated. Enterobacter aerogenes VCs lead to growth inhibition and immune responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. E. aerogenes VCs negatively regulate auxin response and transport gene expression in the root tip, as evidenced by decreased expression of DR5::GFP, PIN3::PIN3-GFP and PIN4::PIN4-GFP. Data from transcriptional analysis suggests that E. aerogenes VCs trigger hypoxia response, innate immune responses and metabolic processes. In addition, the transcript abundance of the genes involved in the synthetic pathways of antimicrobial metabolites camalexin and coumarin is enhanced after the E. aerogenes VCs exposure. MKK1 and MKK3 are identified as the regulators of the camalexin biosynthesis expression, whereas the gene expression of the coumarin biosynthesis pathway is only regulated by MKK3. Moreover, we demonstrate that MKK1 and MKK3 mediate the E. aerogenes VCs-induced callose deposition. Collectively, these studies provide molecular insights into immune responses by plant-deleterious mVCs.
Effects of Bio-slurry and Chemical Fertilizers on Soil Physico-chemical Properties and Food Safety of Maize (Zea Mays L.) Grain
Authors: Kebede Tsehay , Gonfa Yadessa , Senbeta Abate Feyissa , Sime Getachew 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Deteriorating soil fertility attributes to erosion, low nutrient content and traditional agricultural practices are the main factors limiting maize production in Ethiopia. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of bio-slurry (BS) and chemical fertilizers (CF) on soil physico-chemical properties and food safety of maize (Zea mays L.) grain. Field experiment was conducted at Hawassa University Research Farm, in Sidama Region Ethiopia under rain-fed conditions. The experiment consisted of three treatments, arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments were 100% BS (5 ton BS ha− 1), 100% CF (90 kg N ha− 1+ 30 kg P ha− 1 + 13 kg S ha− 1) and control. Soil samples were taken from 0–20 cm depth for the physicochemical analysis. Maize grain samples were also collected at harvest for the analysis of heavy metal concentration. Results show that the pre-experiment soil had a loam texture, moderately acidic pH, moderate OC and TN, high P, K and CEC. The mean concentrations of heavy metals in pre-experiment soil was below the permissible limit for arable land except Cd. Applying CF and BS increased soil pH, OC, TN, and K over the control. In contrast, applying BS and CF increased the concentrations of Ni (11.29) and Ni (12.71) and Co (5.87) in maize grain, respectively that exceeded the FAO/WHO 2001 standards. Attributing to heavy metal concentration, this result signifies a potential health concern of applying BS and CF in maize cultivation for human consumption in the study sites. Therefore, pretreatment of BS and CF is important for safe food quality of maize grains for human consumption.
Effects of unilateral biportal endoscopic decompression for lumbar posterior apophyseal ring separation
Authors: Liu Jianjun , Zhu Bin , Chen Lei , Jing Juehua , Tian Dasheng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Lumbar posterior apophyseal ring separation is a common disease with the lumbar disc herniation in adolescents. Over the years, there has been a lack of acknowledged treatment plan. The purpose of the study was to investigate the feasibility and effects of unilateral biportal endoscopic decompression for lumbar posterior apophyseal ring separation.Methods: Patients with lumbar posterior apophyseal ring separation who received unilateral biportal endoscopic decompression from June 2020 to September 2021 were analyzed, including 11 females and 15 males.The clinical symptoms were consistent with the imaging findings.Operation time, length of postoperative hospital stay and complications were recorded, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and modified Macnab scale at preoperative, postoperative 1, 3, 6 months and the last follow-up. Results: All patients were followed up for more than 6 months, with an average of (13.27±3.96) months. The operation time was (45-104)min with an average of (78.27±18.58) min. Complications included dural sac tears in 1 case. No serious complications such as vascular and nerve injury occurred after operation. All the patients got out of bed 1-3d after surgery, and were hospitalized (3-9)d after surgery, with an average of (4.58±1.42)d. Preoperative VAS scores of low back pain were (5.04±1.37) and respectively decreased to (2.81±0.75) ,(2.35±0.98) ,(1.65±0.69)and (1.15±0.68) at postoperative 1,3 ,6months and at the last follow-up, and the difference was statistically significant ( F =127.317，P=0.000) . Preoperative VAS scores of lower limb pain were (6.92±1.38) and respectively decreased to (2.88±1.07) ,(2.54±1.03) ,(1.81±0.80)and (1.00±0.69) at postoperative 1,3 ,6months and at the last follow-up, and the difference was statistically significant ( F =285.289，P =0.000 ) .Preoperative ODI scores were (60.47±8.89) and respectively decreased to (34.72±4.13) ,(25.80±3.65) ,(17.71±3.41)and (5.65±2.22) at postoperative 1,3 ,6months and at the last follow-up, and the difference was statistically significant ( F =725.255，P =0.000 ) . According to the modified Macnab criteria, the final outcome was excellent in 22 cases, good in 3 cases, fair in 1 cases. 26 patients could return to work or normal activities within 3 weeks. Conclusions: Unilateral biportal endoscopic decompression can achieve excellent clinical results with favorable efficacy and safety and may become a new minimally invasive endoscopic treatment for lumbar posterior apophyseal ring separation.
Synthesis, Characterization, Anti-Mycobacterial Activity and In Silico Study of New 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives
Authors: Taib Mohamad Nurul Azmi Mohamad , Hasmaruddin Nurul Syazana , Ali Nadiatul Ashiken Mat , Osman Hasnah , Mohamad Suriyati , Parumasivam Thaigarajan , Hassan Mohd. Zaheen , Ghani Muhammad Solehin Abd , Awang Khalijah 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A series of new 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives (5a-j and 6a-j) have been designed and synthesized in four-steps. sixteen compounds among the twenty compounds are reported for the first time. The compounds were characterized and confirmed by the FTIR, 1D- and 2D-NMR and HRMS analyses, and were tested against Mycobacterium smegmatis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra. Compound 5d was the most active against M. Smegmatis with MIC value of 25 µM, and exhibited cidal activity with MBC of 68 µM, respectively. The time-kill assay showed the good killing rate at 77% with the combination of isoniazid (INH). In addition, checkboard assay confirmed the interaction of compound 5d was categorised as additive. Docking simulation has been performed to position 5d into the pantothenate synthetase active site with binding free energy value –8.6 kcal mol-1. It also occupied the same active site as that of standard native ligand with similar interactions, which clearly indicate their potential as pantothenate synthetase inhibitor.
Methylation-based markers of aging and lifestyle-related factors and risk of breast cancer: A pooled analysis of four prospective studies
Authors: Dugué Pierre-Antoine , Bodelon Clara , Chung Felicia , Brewer Hannah , Ambatipudi Srikant , Sampson Joshua , Cuenin Cyrille , Chajès Véronique , Romieu Isabelle , Fiorito Giovanni , Sacerdote Carlotta , Krogh Vittorio , Panico Salvatore , Tumino Rosario , Vineis Paolo , Polidoro Silvia , Baglietto Laura , English Dallas , Severi Gianluca , Giles Graham , Milne Roger , Herceg Zdenko , Garcia-Closas Montserrat , Flanagan James , Southey Melissa 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: DNA methylation in blood may reflect adverse exposures accumulated over the lifetime and could therefore provide potential improvements in the prediction of cancer risk. A substantial body of research has shown associations between epigenetic aging and risk of disease, including cancer. Here we aimed to study epigenetic measures of aging and lifestyle-related factors in association with risk of breast cancer.Methods: Using data from four prospective case-control studies nested in three cohorts of European ancestry participants, including a total of 1,655 breast cancer cases, we calculated three methylation-based measures of lifestyle factors (body mass index, tobacco smoking, and alcohol consumption), and seven measures of epigenetic aging (Horvath-based, Hannum-based, PhenoAge and GrimAge). All measures were regression-adjusted for their respective risk factors and expressed per standard deviation. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using conditional or unconditional logistic regression, and pooled using fixed-effects meta-analysis. Subgroup analyses were conducted by age at blood draw, time from blood sample to diagnosis, estrogen receptor-positivity status, and tumour stage.Results: None of the measures of epigenetic aging were associated with risk of breast cancer in the pooled analysis: Horvath ‘age acceleration’ (AA): OR =1.02, 95%CI: 0.95-1.10; AA-Hannum: OR=1.03, 95%CI :0.95-1.12; PhenoAge: OR=1.01, 95%CI: 0.94-1.09 and GrimAge: OR=1.03, 95%CI: 0.94-1.12, in models adjusting for white blood cell proportions, body mass index, smoking and alcohol consumption. The BMI-adjusted predictor of BMI was associated with breast cancer risk, OR per SD=1.09, 95%CI: 1.01-1.17. Results for the alcohol and smoking methylation-based predictors were consistent with a null association. Risk did not appear to substantially vary by age at blood draw, time to diagnosis or tumour characteristics.Conclusion: We found no evidence that methylation-based measures of aging, smoking or alcohol consumption were associated with risk of breast cancer. A methylation-based marker of BMI was associated with risk and may provide insights into the underlying associations between BMI and breast cancer.
Linoleic acid derivatives target miR-361-3p/BTG2 to confer anticancer effects in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Li Zhen , Xu Huijuan , Liu Shili , Dong Wenqi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a deadly hematologic malignancy. Studies have shown that miroRNAs (miRNAs), evolutionarily conserved small noncoding RNAs, contribute to AML disease development, suggesting that therapeutical manipulation of miRNAs may benefit disease treatment in AML. In this study, we found miR-361-3p was significantly upregulated in the blood of AML patients, whereas the expression of its direct target, B-cell translocation gene (BTG2, a tumor suppressor), was markedly lower compared with the expression in the blood of healthy controls. Inhibition of miR-361-3p significantly increased BTG2, leading to inhibition of cell proliferation and promotion of cell apoptosis in AML cell line, HL-60. In contrast, increasing of miR-361-3p expression exerted opposite effects to miR-361-3p inhibitor on BTG2 expression, cell proliferation and apoptosis. We further showed 9s-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (9s-HODE), a major active derivative of linoleic acid, exerted an anti-AML effect through, at least partly, targeting miR-361-3p/BTG2 axis and its associated pathways. These findings not just demonstrate an oncogenic role of miR-361-3p in AML but also provide novel insights to develop a potential therapeutic for AML treatment by manipulating its expressions.
Usefulness of critical flicker fusion frequency measurement and its laterality for evaluating compressive optic neuropathy due to pituitary neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Taguchi Akira , Kinoshita Yasuyuki , Tokumo Kana , Tominaga Atsushi , Kiuchi Yoshiaki , Yamasaki Fumiyuki , Horie Nobutaka 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
PurposeCritical flicker fusion frequency (CFF) is a short but sensitive method for evaluating optic nerve function. We measured CFF in patients with pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (Pit-NETs) to assess its usefulness.MethodsData from 184 patients with nonfunctioning Pit-NETs, who had been treated with transsphenoidal surgery and had no medical history of eye diseases, was used in this retrospective study. Visual acuity decline (VAD) was defined as > 0.10 reduction in logMAR visual acuity and CFF decline (CFD) was defined as CFF value < 35 Hz. Visual field defect (VFD) was evaluated by automated perimetry on a Humphrey visual field analyzer. Potential association between abnormal test results and tumor height from the suprasellar were analyzed.ResultsContact between the optic nerve or chiasma and the tumor was present and absent in 161 and 23 patients, respectively. In patients showing contact, the difference in CFF between the left and right eyes was larger (P = 0.0008), and the optimal cut-off value using the receiver operating characteristic curve was 3 Hz. Therefore, ≥ 3 Hz was considered positive for CFF laterality (CFL), the most prevalent condition. Tumor height was lower in patients with CFL positivity compared to those with VAD or VFD (P < 0.01). The prevalence of test abnormalities was the highest for small tumors compared to those of other tests.ConclusionChanges in CFL permit early detection of Pit-NETs. Our results indicate that CFF laterality can be seen in the early stages of compressive optic neuropathy due to Pit-NET.