bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Intercept Methods for Correction of Steady-State Relative Permeability Experiments for Capillary End Effects
Authors: Andersen Pål Ø. 
Published: April 2022

Summary
Steady-state relative permeability experiments are performed by coinjection of two fluids through core plug samples. The relative permeabilities can be calculated using Darcy’s law from the stabilized pressure drop and saturation of the core if capillary end effects and transient effects are negligible. In most cases, such conditions are difficult to obtain. Recent works have presented ways to extrapolate steady-state pressure drop and average saturation measurements affected by capillary end effects collected at different rates to obtain correct relative permeabilities at correct saturations. Both the considered methods are based on linear extrapolations to determine intercepts. Gupta and Maloney (2016) derived their method intuitively and validated it with numerical and experimental data. Andersen (2021a) derived a method from fundamental assumptions and presented an intercept method in a different form where the saturation and relative permeabilities are found directly and uniquely from straightline intercepts. All system parameters, including saturation functions and injection conditions, appear in the model.
In this work, the two methods are compared. It is proven theoretically that Gupta and Maloney’s method is correct in that it produces the correct saturation and pressure drops corrected for capillary end effects. Especially, a constant pressure drop was assumed and here proved to exist, as a result of capillary end effects in addition to the Darcy law pressure drop with no end effects. Their method assumes a well-defined end effect region with length xCEE, but this length can be defined almost arbitrarily. This choice has little impact on average saturation and pressure drop, however. They also assumed that for a defined end effect region, the average saturation was constant and equal to the slope in their saturation plot. It is shown that if the region is defined, the average saturation is indeed constant, but not given by the slope. The correct slope is predicted by the Andersen model.
We also comment on theoretical misinterpretations of the Gupta and Maloney method. A few works have correctly calculated that the pressure drop over the end effect region is independent of rate, but not accounted for that its length is rate dependent. We show that the combined pressure drop is equal to a constant plus the Darcy pressure drop over the full core.
Examples are presented to illustrate the model behaviors. Literature datasets are investigated showing that (a) apparently rate-dependent CO2-brine relative permeability endpoints can be explained by capillary end effects and (b) the intercept methods can be applied to correct shale relative permeabilities.
A Novel Construction Technique For Biliary Duct Exploration
Authors: Zhou Yong , Zha Wenzhang , Wu Xudong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background With the development of lithotripsy and choledochoscopic skills, preventive establishment of convenient and efficient bile duct exploration channel could play an important role in complicated intrahepatic stones. Methods Following left hepatectomy, the permanent bile duct exploration channel was constructed between the left hepatic duct and subcutaneous abdominal wall. Results The novel construction technique could be easily achieved following left hepatectomy. Conclusions This technology provides a new re-operational strategy for the patients with complicated intrahepatic stones.
Strain-dependent motility defects and suppression by a flhO mutation for B. subtilis bactofilins
Authors: Holtrup Sven , Graumann Peter 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective: Bactofilins can assemble into polymeric structures and play important roles in cell shape maintenance, chromosome segregation and motility. Bacillus subtilis bactofilins BacE and BacF were shown to be important for swimming motility in strain PY79, and single gene deletions were reported to be lethal, in contrast to a double bacEF deletion. Results: Extending this work, we show that motility defects vary between different B. subtilis strains, with strain 168 showing no defect in motility, and 3610 showing delayed induction of swimming. Generation of single gene deletions in PY79 was possible by transferring corresponding deletions from 168. In the natural isolate 3610, gene deletions also showed a negative effect on biofilm formation, revealing an additional function for BacE and BacF. A spontaneous arising suppressor mutation in PY79 was mapped to the flhO gene, a constituent of the flagellum, which obtained an 18 amino acid extension at its C-terminus. Our findings show that bactofilin gene deletions lead to different motility phenotypes dependent on the strain background, and affect biofilm formation in the natural isolate 3610. Our data reinforce the idea of a connection between bactofilins and motion via the flagellum, and suggest that they operate in a switch like manner.
Prognostic factors of patients with AFP-positive colorectal cancer: a case-control study
Authors: Lv Minyi , Chen Junguo , Lin Yanyun , Chen Zexian , Chen Yufeng , He Degao , Huang Tianze , Wang Kai , Chi Zengjie , Chen Xijie , Hu Jiancong , He Xiaosheng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: α-Fetoprotein-positive colorectal cancer (AFPP-CRC) is a rare type of colorectal cancer (CRC), and there have been no comprehensive investigations on prognostic factors of AFPP-CRC. The aim of this study was to elucidate the prognostic factors of AFPP-CRC. Method: During the years of 2010 to 2020, 127 CRC patients with preoperative elevated serum AFP level were collected, after excluding the diagnosis of hepatitis, hepatocirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma. The AFPP-CRC group was matched by 1:2 to the AFPN(α-Fetoprotein-negative)-CRC group after propensity score matching (PSM) analysis. Prognostic factors were investigated using univariate and multivariate Cox regression model. Kaplan-Meier curves were performed among the concerned prognostic factors as well. Logistic regression was used in studying associated factors between good and poor prognosis groups of AFPP-CRC. Result: After adjusting for other confounding factors by PSM, AFP positivity and tumor stage were shown to be associated with poorer disease-free survival (DFS). The median of overall survival (OS) was 26.4 months versus 30.3 months when comparing AFPP-CRC group versus AFPN-CRC group (P=0.09). The median of DFS was 23.3 months in the AFPP-CRC group, as compared to 26.0 months in the AFPNCRC group (HR:1.77, 95%CI:1.22-2.57, P=0.003). Among AFPP-CRC patients, those who also had poor prognosis were characterized by microsatellite stability even after considering other confounding factors (OR, 0.18; 95%CI, 0.04-0.63; P=0.01). Conclusion: We found higher serum AFP level before surgery was associated with worse DFS in patients with CRC, even adjusting for tumor stage. Besides, AFPP-CRC with microsatellite stability might had a worse prognosis.
Severe mental illness, common mental disorders, and neurodevelopmental conditions amongst 9088 lower court attendees in London, UK
Authors: Chaplin Eddie , McCarthy Jane , Ali Salma , Marshall-Tate Karina , Xenitidis Kiriakos , Harvey Denise , Chids Jessica , Srivast Samir , McKinnon Iain , Robinson Louise , Allely Clare , Hardy Sally , Tolchard Barry , Forrester Andrew 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Court Mental Health Liaison and Diversion Services (CMHLDS) have developed in some countries as a response to the over-representation of mental illness and other vulnerabilities amongst defendants presenting to criminal justice (or correctional) systems. This study examined the characteristics and rates of mental disorder of 9088 defendants referred to court liaison and diversion services. Method: The study analysed service level data, obtained from the National Health Service’s mental health data set, to examine characteristics relating to gender, ethnicity and comorbidity of common mental and neurodevelopmental disorders at five CMHLDS across London between September 2015 and April 2017.Results: The sample included 7186 males (79.1%) and 1719 females (18.9%) , the gender of 183 (2%) was not recorded. Of those referred, 6616 (72.8%) presented with an identifiable mental disorder and 503 (5.5%) with a neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD). Significantly higher rates of schizophrenia were reported amongst Black defendants (n=681;37.2%) and Asian defendants of (n=315; 29%),while higher rates of depression were found amongst White defendant (n=1007; 22.1%). Substance misuse was reported amongst 2813 defendants (31%), and alcohol misuse amongst 2111 (23.2%), with significantly high rates of substance and alcohol misuse amongst defendants presenting with schizophrenia or personality disorder.Conclusion: This is one of the largest studies to examine mental health needs and vulnerabilities amongst defendants presenting to CMHLDS. It will enable improved understanding of the required service designs and resources required to manage the healthcare pathways for people attending CMHLDS.
Convalescent Plasma to Treat Covid-19: a Randomized Double Blind 2 Centers Trial
Authors: Fernández-Sánchez Verónica , Ventura-Enríquez Yanet , Cabello-Gutiérrez Carlos , Pérez-Calatayud Ángel Augusto , Rosa Evelyn Cortina-De la , Fareli-González Christian Javier , Castillo-Juárez Paola , Peña-Pérez Carlos Alberto , Zavaleta-Martínez Elí Omar , Diaz-Padilla Elizabeth , Murrieta Sandra , Álvarez-Jiménez Violeta Deyanira , Ponce-Medrano Juan Alberto Díaz , Casillas-Suárez Catalina , Ocampo-Ocampo María Angélica 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In SARS-CoV-2, there is an overactivation of the immune system that triggers systemic hyperinflammation that causes lung damage; therefore, the use of convalescent plasma (CP) has been considered for its immunological mechanisms that could benefit patients in moderate and severe stages of the disease. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of the use of convalescent donor plasma for COVID-19 to reduce mortality in patients with SARS-CoV-2 stage II (moderate) and stage III (severe) disease.Material and methodsA double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted from May 20 to December 10, 2020. Thirty-nine participants with moderate (II) and severe (III) stage COVID-19 confirmed by RT-PCR and tomography were included. The study randomization rate was set at 3:1. Convalescent plasmas were chosen for application with a neutralizing antibody titer of ≥ 1:32. Patient follow-up included assessment by Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score and use of the Oxygenation Index (PAO2/FIO2) index and monitoring of blood markers, such as C Reactive Protein (CRP), D-Dimer (DD), ferritin, IgG antibody titers against SARS-COV-2, and inflammatory cytokines at days three and seven post-treatment.ResultsWe observed a significantly lower 21-day post-transfusion mortality HR: 0.17 [95.0% CI 0.07-0.45, p<0.001] in the group receiving convalescent plasma compared to the control group; protective units (PU) in the group receiving convalescent plasma after seven days were significantly higher 512 (32-16384) vs 96 (32-256), p=0.01; the SOFA scale decreased to 3.7 ± 2.02 vs 7.1 ± 2.8, p<0.001 and the PAO2/FIO2 index showed a significant improvement in the group receiving convalescent plasma 251.01 ± 109.4 vs 109.2 ± 62.4, p<0.001, vs the control group. In terms of safety, no adverse events related to the transfusion of convalescent plasma were observed.ConclusionConvalescent plasma is safe and effective, as it decreases mortality in the convalescent plasma group compared to the control group.
(ISSI 2021) Path-dependent progressive failure analysis for 3D-printed continuous carbon fibre reinforced composites
Authors: Chen Yuan , Ye Lin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

In this study, a novel path-dependent progressive failure (PDPF) numerical approach is developed to predict the damage behaviours of 3D-printed continuous carbon fibre (CCF) reinforced composites when additional short carbon fibre (SCF) composite components are employed for continuous printing or special functionality. First, a progressive failure model using Hashin failure criteria with continuum damage mechanics to account for the damage initiation and evaluation of 3D-printed CCF reinforced polyamide (PA) composites is developed, and an elastic-plastic model is employed to predict the plastic damage behaviours of SCF/PA parts, based on actual fibre placement trajectories with physical measurements of 3D-printed CCF/PA constituents. Then, the accuracy of the PDPF model was validated and utilised to study 3D-printed CCF/PA composites with either negative Poisson’s ratio or high stiffness. The results demonstrate that the proposed PDPF model can achieve higher prediction accuracies in mechanical properties of these 3D-printed CCF/PA composites. Mechanism analyses show that the stress distribution is generally aggregated in the CCF areas along the fibre placement paths, and the shear damage and matrix tensile/compressive damage are the key damage modes. This study provides a new approach with valuable information for characterising complex 3D-printed continuous fibre-matrix composites with variable mechanical properties and multiple constituents.
Estimation of Maximum Achievable Datarate and BER in Spatial Modulation Scheme using Artificial Neural Network based Regression Model
Authors: M Neema , Gopi E S , Viswas Reddy , Gandhi Mukesh 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Adopting multiple antenna schemes is an effective means to ensure signal reliability, as it decreases the number of drop-outs and lost connections. These schemes present a trade-off between higher data rates and superior error performance for increased system complexity and cost. Spatial modulation (SM) is a low complexity multiple antenna scheme that can offer higher performance in terms of data rate and Bit Error Rate (BER). Here, from the given total number of available antennas (nt) and the chosen M-ary QAM transmission(M), the maximum achievable data rate happens by properly choosing the number of active antennas (na) for simultaneous transmission. But determining n a as a function of n t and M and then, BER as a function of signal to noise ratio (SNR), is a computationally complex and time-consuming process. Hence, the paper demonstrates the usage of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based regression models in obtaining the closed-form expressions to estimate the number of active antennas and then the BER. Two models were proposed and experimental results promise the usage of this technique in real-time scenario.
Devising and validating a pen-side hematological formula for hemoglobin estimation in Cholistani cattle
Authors: Ahmad Shahbaz , Lashari Mushtaq Hussain , Farooq Umer , Idris Musadiq , Rehman Zia Ur , Khan Nasrullah 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The present study has been designed to devise a pen-side hematological formula for estimation of hemoglobin (Hb) from Packed Cell Volume (PCV) in Cholistani breed of cattle being reared under pastoralism in Cholistan desert, Pakistan. It also aims to validate the soundness of rule of calculating Hb concentration as one-third of PCV and vice versa as being used in human medicine. Cholistani cattle (n = 364) were bled for PCV determination through microhematocrit method and Hb estimation through validated human hematology analyzer (HbD) as well as through calculation being one-third of PCV (HbC). Means (± SE) and 95% CI were computed using prescribed formulae. Difference between HbC and HbD and between HbD and corrected Hb (CHb) for all groups was computed through independent t-test. Polynomial regression analyses were carried out, scatter-plots were drawn and regression prediction equations were accordingly computed. Attaining a highest adjusted r-square value from these equations, corrected Hb (CHb) was calculated. Significantly (P ≤ 0.01) higher positive correlation coefficient was noticed for female adult stock (r = 0.893; adjusted r-square = 0.79) between HbD and PCV, and between HbD and HbC. The regression equation hence attained i.e. Hb = 0.27 (PCV) + 1.9 is considered valid for deducing Hb from PCV in female adult stock. For other groups, regression prediction equation [− 0.673 + 0.6433 (PCV) − 0.008136 (PCV2) + 0.00031 (PCV3)] attained from the cubic regression having highest adjusted r-square value (0.59) is recommended for computing Hb concentration from PCV. The present study may assist to give information that can be applicable for the fieldwork for the clinical diagnosis of anemia in livestock in general, and in Cholistani cattle in specific.
WSNs Node localization algorithm based on Multi-Hop Distance Vector and Error Correction
Authors: Zhang Ke , Zhang Guang , Yu Xiuwu , Hu Shaohua , Yuan Youcui 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have broad application prospects in various industries, and node localization technology is the foundation of WSN applications. Recently, many range-free node localization algorithms have been proposed, but most of them suffer from low accuracy. In order to improve the localization accuracy, in this paper we proposed the node localization algorithm based on multi-hop distance vector and error correction(MDV-EC). In terms of distance estimation, firstly the MDV-EC algorithm calculates the neighbor distance according to node neighbor relationship, then estimates the distance between unknown node and anchor node in multi-hop manner, and finally calibrates the distance refer to distance correction coefficient. In view of similarity of localization errors of nodes in similar regions, an error correction scheme is also investigated, which corrects the node initial estimated locations of nodes refer to the localization error vector of nearby anchor node. Simulation results show that our proposed MDV-EC has better performance than the other two algorithms in terms of node localization accuracy, and the error correction scheme can effectively reduce the localization errors.
Native and exotic plants play different roles in urban pollination networks across seasons
Authors: Zaninotto Vincent , Thébault Elisa , Dajoz Isabelle 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Urban areas often host exotic plant species, whether managed or spontaneous. These plants are suspected of affecting pollinator diversity and the structure of pollination networks. However, in dense cityscapes, exotic plants also provide additional flower resources during periods of scarcity, and the consequences for the seasonal dynamics of networks still need to be investigated. For two consecutive years, we monitored monthly plant-pollinator networks in twelve greenspaces of Paris, France. We focused on seasonal variations in the availability and attractiveness of flower resources, comparing native and exotic plants at both the species and community levels. We also considered their respective contributions to networks properties over time (specialization and nestedness). Exotic plants provided more abundant and diverse flower resources than native plants, especially late in the season. However, native plants received more visits and attracted more pollinator species, both at the community and species levels. Exotic plants were involved in more generalist interactions, and this became more so as the season progressed. In addition, they contributed more to network nestedness than native plants. These results show that exotic plants are major components of plant-pollinator interactions in a dense urban landscape, even though they are less attractive to diverse pollinators. They constitute a core of generalist interactions that increase nestedness and can participate in the overall stability of the network. However, most exotic species were seldom visited by insects. Pollinator communities may benefit from including more native species, as well as entomophilous varieties of exotic plants, when managing urban greenspaces.
Theoretical prediction of two-dimensional BC2 X (X=N, P, As) monolayers: Ab initio investigations
Authors: Bafekry A. , Naseri N. , Faraji F. , Fadlallah M. M. , Hoat D. M. , Jappor H. R. , Ghergherehchi M. , Gogova D. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this work, novel two-dimensional BC2 X (X=N, P, As) monolayers with X atoms out of the B-C plane, are predicted by means of the density functional theory. The structural, electronic, optical, photocatalytic and thermoelectric properties of the BC2 X monolayers have been investigated. Stability evaluation of the BC 2 X single-layers is carried out by phonon dispersion, ab-initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulation, elastic stability, and cohesive energies study. The mechanical properties reveal all monolayers considered are stable and have brittle nature. The band structure calculations using the HSE06 functional reveal that the BC2 N, BC 2 P and BC 2 As are semiconducting monolayers with indirect bandgaps of 2.68 eV, 1.77 eV and 1.21 eV, respectively. The absorption spectra demonstrate large absorption coefficients of the BC 2 X monolayers in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum. Furthermore, we disclose the BC 2 N and BC 2 P monolayers are potentially good candidates for photocatalytic water splitting. The electrical conductivity of BC 2 X is very small and slightly increases by raising the temperature. Electron doping may yield greater electric productivity of the studied monolayers than hole doping, as indicated by the larger power factor in the n-doped region compared to the p-type region. These results suggest that BC 2 X (X=N, P, As)monolayers represent a new promising class of 2DMs for electronic, optical and energy conversion systems.
Total Hip Arthroplasty After Rotational Acetabular Osteotomy for Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip
Authors: NEGAYAMA TAKAHIRO , Iwata Ken , Shimamura Masashi , Senda Teppei , Mashiba Tasuku , Kaji Yoshio , Yamamoto Tetsuji 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Total hip arthroplasty after osteotomy is more technically challenging than primary total hip arthroplasty, especially with regards to cup placement. This is due to bone morphological abnormalities caused by acetabular bone loss and osteophyte formation. This study aimed to investigate the clinical and radiological outcomes of total hip arthroplasty after rotational acetabular osteotomy compared with primary total hip arthroplasty, focusing mainly on acetabular deformity and cup position. Methods: The study included 22 hips that had undergone rotational acetabular osteotomy and 22 hips in an age and sex-matched control group in total hip arthroplasties performed between 2005 and 2020. We analyzed cup abduction and anteversion angle, lateral, anterior, and posterior cup center-edge angle, hip joint center position, femoral anteversion angle, and presence of acetabular defect using postoperative radiography and computed tomography. Operative results and clinical evaluations were also analyzed.Results: The clinical evaluation showed that the postoperative range of motion was lower in total hip arthroplasty after rotational acetabular osteotomy than in primary total hip arthroplasty. The lateral cup center-edge angle was significantly higher and the posterior cup center-edge angle was significantly lower in the total hip arthroplasty after rotational acetabular osteotomy, suggesting a posterior bone defect existed in the acetablum. In total hip arthroplasty after rotational acetabular osteotomy, the hip joint center was located significantly superior and lateral to the primary total hip arthroplasty.Conclusions: In total hip arthroplasty after rotational acetabular osteotomy, the cup tended to be placed in the superior and lateral positions, where there was more bone volume. The deformity of the acetabulum and the high hip center should be considered for treatment success because they may cause cup instability, limited range of motion, and impingement.