bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transparent, Stretchable, and Self‐Healable Gas Barrier Films with 2D Nanoplatelets for Flexible Electronic Device Packaging Applications
Authors: Mahmood Sadiq , Khan Amir , Kant Chandra , Chu Chih Wei , Katiyar Monica , Lin Hong‐Cheu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSelf‐healable elastomeric materials (PUAxPU10–x‐PDMS, x = 4, 6, or 8) have been synthesized and utilized as substrates or encapsulation films on the top of barrier films (deposited on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates) to improve their gas barrier properties for packaging applications. Hexa‐layer (HL) assembly consisting of two inorganic 2D nanoplatelets, including Mg‐Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), and two oppositely charged polyelectrolytes, that is, polyethyleneimine (PEI) and poly(sodium styrene‐4‐sulfonate) (PSS), have been developed by alternative depositions of HL (i.e., PSS/LDH/PSS/PEI/hBN/PEI) sequentially. Then, a layer‐by‐layer technique is applied to produce multiple assemblies of hexa‐layer (HL)n and reduce water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) values of elastomeric PUA8PU2‐PDMS and PET substrates. The optimum WVTR values of 7.1 × 10−3 and 8.0 × 10−3 g m−2 day−1 are achieved using barrier PET/(HL)8/PUA8PU2‐PDMS (125/3/1 µm) and PUA8PU2‐PDMS/(HL)8 (125/3 µm) films, respectively. The self‐healable barrier PUA8PU2‐PDMS and PUA8PU2‐PDMS/(HL)8 films recover their initial WVTR values after self‐healing of mechanically damaged films. Organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) encapsulated with PET/(HL)8/PUA8PU2‐PDMS and PUA8PU2‐PDMS/(HL)8 have 9–10 times longer half‐lifetime values than bare OLEDs. Accordingly, this report develops transparent, stretchable, and self‐healable gas barrier films for next‐generation flexible electronic device packaging applications.
Implementation of Tunneling Junction Passivated Contact Concept in Flexible CIGS Solar Cells
Authors: Chang Xuan , Chen Jingwei , Ma Shuangyi , Chen Bingbing , Zhang Xuning , Gao Qing , Li Feng , Wang Jianming , Song Dengyuan , Chen Jianhui 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn today's state‐of‐the‐art high‐efficiency silicon solar cells need to be inserted a thin insulating layer in order to reduce the recombination losses between the carrier transport layer and Si surface, which can form a tunneling junction (TJ), thus increasing the performance of the TJ solar cells comparable with the pn junction structure. However, the copper indium gallium selenium (CIGS) solar cells inevitably lead to the losses of the carrier transport due to the interface which is widely assumed as the pn‐heterojunction. Herein, the TJ solar cells, aiming to enhance the performance of the solar cells, are fabricated by inserting the TiO2 between CIGS/CdS interface deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD). By inserting the TiO2 insulating layer, the CIGS/TiO2/CdS structure can be effectively reduced the interface recombination, which leads to a reduced band bending in the p‐CIGS surface and compromises its field‐effect passivation. As a result, the CIGS solar cell with the tunneling junction achieves the 15.57% based on the stainless steel (SS) substrate, by introducing a barrier layer and doping NaF. These results provide an important preliminary foundation for the development of the CIGS solar cells with the tunneling junction structure.
Triple‐Asymmetric Flexible Strain Sensor Based on High‐aligned Ni Nanowire Arrays with Opposite Resistance Responding for Multidimensional Motions Detection
Authors: Huang Xiaowei , Xiang Wenfeng , Li Chenghan , Guo Meng , Zhang Guorong , Huang Yu , Liu Yu , Yang Weiqiang , Wang Caoye 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHerein, a triple‐asymmetric flexible strain sensor by using the single‐layered high‐aligned Ni‐nanowire arrays is proposed for the applications of monitoring multidimensional motions of human joints. The triple‐asymmetric structures consist of a spatially ordering distribution of Ni nanowires (NWs) and double position asymmetric distributions of the Ni NWs in width and thickness direction of sensor. Because Ni NWs are isolated from each other, the resistance change of the sensor is by tunneling effect. The resistance values of the proposed sensor decrease with the increasing of stretching strain, which is different from that of the common flexible strain sensors, and the maximum absolute valve of gauge factor is 35. Furthermore, the proposed sensor has a good bending sensitivity, ranging from 90° to −90°, and minimum resolution angle of 5° in out‐plane bending. Benefiting from the asymmetric structures and tunneling effect, the complex movements of human joints (such as up‐down bending, left‐right swing, and rotating of wrist) are successfully detected. The practical applicability in real‐time monitoring and the processes of handwriting are also shown. Therefore, this proposed sensor is believed to have great potential in future development of micro‐motion monitoring, wearable electronics, and artificial intelligence.
Nanobridge Stencil Enabling High Resolution Arbitrarily Shaped Metallic Thin Films on Various Substrates
Authors: Sun Yi‐Chiang , Boero Giovanni , Brugger Jürgen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractStencil lithography (SL), which uses a perforated membrane as a reusable shadow mask to locally add material patterns on substrates provides a simple but versatile approach for the fabrication of functional devices on a large variety of substrate materials by physical vapor deposition (PVD). Mechanical stress induced by the accumulation of condensed material on the thin stencil membrane during the PVD step leads to stencil bending and breaking, therefore, suspended stencil membranes with arbitrary openings are, in practice, not possible. Here, a new approach to remedy this limitation is reported by introducing auxiliary bridges in stencils. These bridges prevent the suspended membrane from bending out of plane, thereby enabling aperture openings to have almost arbitrary geometry. These bridges are sufficiently narrow so that they do not entirely block the material deposition by PVD and thus create a continuous material pattern by taking advantage of the blurring effect. The successful metal deposition through the designed nanobridge stencil on a wide range of substrate materials underlines the usability and the versatility of the proposed stencil design. The work presented here provides a versatile fabrication method to produce arbitrarily shaped metal patterns that were previously impossible due to the topological constraints of nanostencils.
High Molecular Weight Fucoidan Loading Into and Release from Hyaluronate‐Based Prefabricated Hydrogel and its Nanogel Particles Controlled by Variable Pitch and Differential Extensional Shear Technology of Advanced Twin Screw‐Based System
Authors: Khatun Mst Rita , Bhattacharyya Amitava , Taheri Shiva , Ham Hyeong‐wook , Kim Hongkyun , Chang Seok Hong , Noh Insup 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEfficient incorporation of high molecular weight drug into prefabricated hydrogel and its delivery are big challenges in its applications to drug delivery and tissue regeneration using a 3D bioprinting system. In this work, a new method of loading a model high molecular weight drug (fucoidan with 200 kDa) into prefabricated hyaluronate‐based terpolymeric gel is developed by using an advanced screw‐based extrusion printing system. This system effectively incorporates the fucoidan biomolecules into the prefabricated crosslinked gel within 60 s at significantly higher percentages without much change in gel properties. Less damage in gel network is achieved through variable pitch and differential extensional shear mechanism by optimization of bioprinting conditions. Importantly, fucoidan‐loaded nanoparticles (NPs) are developed using the advanced extrusion system at high screw rpm and with increased residence time using recirculation. The encapsulation efficiency, sustained release of fucoidan, and in vitro cell culture studies confirm the nontoxic nature of the drug‐loaded gels and nanogels at lower doses, exhibiting the biomedical application potentials of this advanced screw‐based extrusion printing system and drug‐loaded NPs formation in pharmaceuticals, 3D bioprinting, tissue engineering as well as maximal drug loading into and sustained release from prefabricated gels.
Enhancing the Reaction Kinetics and Reversibility of Li–O2 Batteries by Multifunctional Polymer Additive
Authors: Wu Xiaohong , Niu Ben , Zhang Haitang , Li Zhengang , Luo Haiyan , Tang Yonglin , Yu Xiaoyu , Huang Ling , He Xianru , Wang Xin , Qiao Yu , Sun Shi‐Gang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAs a potential candidate for next‐generation energy storage systems, Li–O2 batteries (LOBs) with their attractive theoretical energy density have triggered great interest. However, tough issues of sluggish oxygen reduction reaction/oxygen evolution reaction (ORR/OER) kinetics, poor rechargeability, superoxide‐derived side reactions, and Li‐metal corrosion in LOBs limit their practical applications. Herein, a poly(2,2,2‐trifluoroethyl methacrylate) (PTFEMA) additive is introduced into the typical electrolyte, giving superior cycling performance to LOBs. Enabling strong solvation of Li+, PTFEMA regulates a uniform Li+ flow at the cathode and anode sides of LOBs. Induced by homogeneous Li+ flux and favorable adsorption with superoxide species, PTFEMA promotes superoxide transformation in the ORR and inhibits superoxide‐induced parasitic reactions. Uniform Li+ flux gives evenly‐distributed Li2O2 that can be completely decomposed during OER. In addition, PTFEMA protects Li‐metal against corrosion from O2, superoxide, and byproducts shuttle. Hence, accelerated ORR/OER kinetics, facilitated rechargeability, suppressed superoxide‐derived side reactions, and well‐protected Li‐metal can be simultaneously realized with PTFEMA, resulting in significantly enhanced electrochemical performance of LOBs. This electrolyte engineering involving facile multifunctional polymer additives provides a practical alternative to complex componential optimization toward commercial LOBs and gives insight to the understanding of uniform Li+ flux on reaction kinetics and reversibility.
Impact of Reversible Proton Insertion on the Electrochemistry of Electrode Materials Operating in Mild Aqueous Electrolytes: A Case Study with TiO2
Authors: Makivić Nikolina , Harris Kenneth D. , Tarascon Jean‐Marie , Limoges Benoît , Balland Véronique 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNear‐neutral aqueous electrolytes are to be preferred for the development of sustainable electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices. Protons are inherent to these electrolytes and their reactivity toward the electrode material extends beyond their own reduction, especially when reversible proton insertion takes place in the bulk electrode material from acidic or buffered electrolytes. However, a still burning question is regarding whether reversible proton insertion persists when working in unbuffered mild aqueous electrolytes, and if so, with which consequences on the functioning of the electrode material. Here this issue is addressed by examining TiO2 as a model insertion electrode in a range of mild aqueous electrolytes. Through a combination of experiments, modelling and multiphysics simulations, it is demonstrated that in a KCl‐based electrolyte, water acts as proton donor to support the reversible insertion of protons in TiO2, while in a NH4Cl‐based aqueous electrolyte, the proton donor is NH4+. Moreover, it is established that strong pH gradients develop at the electrode interface during proton insertion/disinsertion, highlighting their dependence on the proton donor/acceptor and rationalizing their impact on the electrode voltage. Overall, this work provides a comprehensive framework of proton‐insertion coupled electron transfer that can be easily generalized to other electrode materials.
Plant‐Derived l‐Theanine for Ultraviolet/Ozone Resistant Perovskite Photovoltaics
Authors: Li Yong , Liu Lidan , Zheng Can , Liu Zhike , Chen Li , Yuan Ningyi , Ding Jianning , Wang Dapeng , Liu Shengzhong (Frank) 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAs the efficiency of perovskite solar cell has skyrocketed to as high as 25.7%, their stability has become the biggest obstacle to commercialization. Preliminary analyses suggest that additive engineering may be effective in improving both solar cell efficiency and its stability. Herein, the plant‐derived natural green additive of l‐Theanine (Thea) is selected to improve the crystal quality of the perovskite absorber and obtain high‐performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with ultraviolet/ozone (UV/O3) resistance. The characterization results reveal that the CO group in Thea can effectively inhibit the precipitation of metal Pb0, passivate undercoordinated Pb2+ ions, and promote the nucleation and crystallization of perovskite. In addition, the combination of the NH group and I− in the form of a hydrogen bond cooperatively reduce the probability of nonradiative recombination of photogenerated carriers and effectively improves the extraction ability of carriers from perovskite absorber. With the cooperation of CO and NH2 groups in Thea, the champion efficiency is improved from 22.29% in the control device to 24.58%. More importantly, Thea significantly alleviates the perovskite phase transition and film decomposition induced by UV/O3 treatment. The study provides exploratory research for the application of plant‐derived green additives in the UV/O3 resistance field of perovskite photovoltaics.
Efficacy of a single‐day task trainer–based extracorporeal membrane oxygenation training course
Authors: Maddry Joseph K. , Paredes R. Madelaine , Abdurashidov Timur , Davis William T. , Paciocco Joni A. , Castaneda Maria , Araña Allyson A. , Perez Crystal A. , Baldwin Darren S. , Rodriguez Dylan C. , Medellin Kimberly L. , Ng Patrick 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an advanced medical technology used to treat respiratory and heart failure. The coronavirus pandemic has resulted in significantly more ECMO patients worldwide. However, the number of hospitals with ECMO capabilities and ECMO‐trained staff are limited. Training of personnel in ECMO could supplement this demand.ObjectiveTo evaluate our previously developed ECMO course using a task trainer–based training, as opposed to an existing live tissue–training model, and determine if such a program was adequate and could be expanded to other facilities.MethodsSeventeen teams, each consisting of a physician and nurse, underwent a 5 hour accelerated ECMO course in which they watched prerecorded ECMO training lectures, primed circuit, cannulated, initiated ECMO, and corrected common complications. Training success was evaluated via knowledge and confidence assessments and observation of each team attempting to initiate ECMO while troubleshooting complications on a Yorkshire swine.ResultsSeventeen teams successfully completed the course. Sixteen teams (94%, 95% CI = 71%–100%) successfully placed the swine on veno‐arterial ECMO. Of those 16 teams, 15 successfully transitioned to veno‐arterial–venous ECMO. The knowledge assessments and confidence levels of physicians and nurses increased by 24.3% from pretest (mean of 65.3%, SD 14.4%) to posttest (mean of 89.6%, SD 10.3%), p < 0.0001.ConclusionsAn abbreviated one day lecture and hands‐on task trainer–based ECMO course resulted in a high rate of successful skill demonstration and improvement of physicians' and nurses' knowledge assessments and confidence levels, similar to our previous live tissue training program.
Approaches to engage an aging, rural cohort in southern India during the COVID‐19 crisis and the psychological impact of COVID‐19 in this cohort
Authors: Sundarakumar Jonas S. , Hameed Shafeeq K.S. , Dilip Babu , Deepak Shylashree , Kumar B.R. Vinay , Ravindranath Vijayalakshmi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe COVID‐19 pandemic produced an unprecedented crisis across the world. Long‐term cohort studies were stalled, including our longitudinal aging cohort study in rural India.MethodsWe describe approaches undertaken to engage with our cohort (n = 1830) through multiple rounds of calls and how we provided useful services to our subjects during the lockdown period. Consenting subjects also underwent telephonic assessments for depression and anxiety using validated, self‐report questionnaires.ResultsSubjects reported benefitting from our telephonic engagement strategies, including the COVID‐related safety awareness and counselling service. The proportion of subjects with depression increased from 7.42% pre‐COVID to 28.97% post‐COVID.DiscussionWe envisage that such engagement strategies would improve subject rapport and cohort retention, and thus, could be adopted by similar cohort studies across the world. This marginalized, rural Indian community had severe, adverse psychological impact in this pandemic. Urgent public health measures are needed to mitigate this impact and develop appropriate preventive strategies.
MOFs with Open Metal(III) Sites for the Environmental Capture of Polar Volatile Organic Compounds
Authors: Severino Maria Inês , Al Mohtar Abeer , Vieira Soares Carla , Freitas Cátia , Sadovnik Nicolas , Nandi Shyamapada , Mouchaham Georges , Pimenta Vanessa , Nouar Farid , Daturi Marco , Maurin Guillaume , Pinto Moisés L. , Serre Christian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMetal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs) with open metal sites (OMS) interact strongly with a range of polar gases/vapors. However, under ambient conditions, their selective adsorption is generally impaired due to a high OMS affinity to water. This led previously to the privilege selection of hydrophobic MOFs for the selective capture/detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Herein, we show that this paradigm is challenged by metal(III) polycarboxylates MOFs, bearing a high concentration of OMS, as MIL‐100(Fe), enabling the selective capture of polar VOCs even in the presence of water. With experimental and computational tools, including single‐component gravimetric and dynamic mixture adsorption measurements, in situ infrared (IR) spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory calculations we reveal that this adsorption mechanism involves a direct coordination of the VOC on the OMS, associated with an interaction energy that exceeds that of water. Hence, MOFs with OMS are demonstrated to be of interest for air purification purposes.
Aerobe C‐N‐Bindungsknüpfung durch enzymatische Nitroso‐En‐Reaktionen**
Authors: Jäger Christina , Haase Mona , Koschorreck Katja , Urlacher Vlada B. , Deska Jan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDie biokatalytische Oxidation acylierter Hydroxylamine ermöglicht die direkte und selektive Einführung Stickstoff‐haltiger funktioneller Gruppen durch Aktivierung allylischer C‐H‐Bindungen. Durch Verwendung von entweder Laccasen oder einem Enzympaar aus Oxidase und Peroxidase mit Luft als terminalem Oxidationsmittel erfolgt die formale Dehydrierung von N‐Hydroxycarbamaten und Hydroxamsäuren, wodurch unter überaus milden Reaktionsbedingungen Acylnitroso‐Intermediate gebildet werden können. Über einen Alder‐En‐Mechanismus gehen diese reaktiven Zwischenstufen C‐N‐Bindungsknüpfungen ein und sowohl intra‐ als auch intermolekulare enzymatische Aminierungen gelingen in hohen Ausbeuten. Untersuchungen zu Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschieden der beiden Enzymsysteme in Bezug auf Stereoselektivitäten wie auch Isotopenmarkierungsexperimente liefern neue Einblicke in das promiske Verhalten der Oxidoreduktasen und Grundlagen für die Weiterentwicklung als Katalysatoren in nicht‐nativen Transformationen.
Intelligente elektrochemische Rasterzellmikroskopie für den Nachweis schneller Li‐Ionen‐Speicherung und Dynamik in TiO2‐Nanopartikeln
Authors: Tetteh Emmanuel Batsa , Valavanis Dimitrios , Daviddi Enrico , Xu Xiangdong , Santana Santos Carla , Ventosa Edgar , Martín‐Yerga Daniel , Schuhmann Wolfgang , Unwin Patrick R. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAnatas‐TiO2 ist ein vielversprechendes Material für Li‐Ionen‐Batterien (Li+) mit Schnellladefähigkeit. Die (De‐)Interkalationsdynamik von Li+ in TiO2 ist jedoch nach wie vor schwer fassbar, und die beschriebenen Diffusivitäten überspannen viele Größenordnungen. Wir entwickeln ein intelligentes Protokoll für die rasterelektrochemische Zellmikroskopie (SECCM) in Kombination mit in situ optischer Mikroskopie (OM), um die Lade‐/Entladeanalyse einzelner TiO2‐Nanopartikel‐Cluster mit hohem Durchsatz zu beobachten. Die direkte Untersuchung aktiver Nanopartikel ergab, dass TiO2 mit einer Größe von ca. 50 nm mehr als 30 % der theoretischen Kapazität bei einer äußerst schnellen Lade‐/Entladerate von ca. 100 C speichern kann. Dieser Nachweis einer schnellen Li+‐Speicherung in TiO2‐Partikeln stärkt ihr Potenzial für schnell ladende Batterien. Die hier vorgeschlagene SECCM‐OM ist generell für das elektrochemische Hochdurchsatz‐Screening von nanostrukturierten Materialien breit anwendbar.
An Organic Molecular Nanobarrel that Hosts and Solubilizes C60
Authors: Bera Saibal , Das Satyajit , Melle‐Franco Manuel , Mateo‐Alonso Aurelio 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOrganic cages have gained increasing attention in recent years as molecular hosts and porous materials. Among these, barrel‐shaped cages or molecular nanobarrels are promising systems to encapsulate large hosts as they possess windows of the same size as their internal cavity. However, these systems have received little attention and remain practically unexplored despite their potential. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of a new trigonal prismatic organic nanobarrel with two large triangular windows with a diameter of 12.7 Å optimal for the encapsulation of C60. Remarkably, this organic nanobarrel shows a high affinity for C60in solvents in which C60is virtually insoluble, providing stable solutions of C60.
Iron Nanoparticles Protected by Chainmail‐structured Graphene for Durable Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction to Nitrogen
Authors: Zhang Hui , Wang Chuqi , Luo Hongxia , Chen Junliang , Kuang Min , Yang Jianping 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) is an appealing technology for regulating the nitrogen cycle. Metallic iron is one of the well‐known electrocatalysts for NO3RR, but it suffers from poor durability due to leaching and oxidation of iron during the electrocatalytic process. In this work, a graphene‐nanochainmail‐protected iron nanoparticle (Fe@Gnc) electrocatalyst is reported. It displays superior nitrate removal efficiency and high nitrogen selectivity. Notably, the catalyst delivers exceptional stability and durability, with the nitrate removal rate and nitrogen selectivity remained ≈96 % of that of the first time after up to 40 cycles (24 h for one cycle). As expected, the conductive graphene nanochainmail provides robust protection for the internal iron active sites, allowing Fe@Gnc to maintain its long‐lasting electrochemical nitrate catalytic activity. This research proposes a workable solution for the scientific challenge of poor lasting ability of iron‐based electrocatalysts in large‐scale industrialization.