bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diversity bias in colorectal surgery: a global perspective
Authors: Marinello Franco , Fleming Christina A. , Möeslein Gabriela , Khan Jim , Espín-Basany Eloy , Pellino Gianluca ,   Diversity Bias Study Collaborators, An Yongbo , Bellato Vittoria , Cunha Miguel , Dudi-Venkata Nagendra N. , Gallardo Cristián , Garoufalia Zoe , Zaffaroni Gloria , Yassin Nuha ,   (SoMe Working Group of the European Society of Coloproctology (ESCP), Brady Richard R. W. , Christensen Peter 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThere is a specific lack of data on equity and injustices among colorectal surgeons regarding diversity. This study aimed to explore colorectal surgeon’s lived experience of diversity bias with a specific focus on gender, sexual orientation or gender identity and race or religion. A bespoke questionnaire was designed and disseminated to colorectal surgeons and trainees through specialty association mailing lists and social media channels. Quantitative and qualitative data points were analysed. 306 colorectal surgeons responded globally. 58.8% (n = 180) identified as male and 40.5% (n = 124) as female. 19% were residents/registrars. 39.2% stated that they had personally experienced or witnessed gender inequality in their current workplace, 4.9% because of sexual orientation, and 7.5% due to their race or religion. Sexist jokes, pregnancy-related comments, homophobic comments, liberal use of offensive terms and disparaging comments and stereotypical jokes were commonly experienced. 44.4% (n = 135) did not believe their institution of employer guaranteed an environment of respect for diversity and only 20% were aware of society guidelines on equality and diversity. Diversity bias is prevalent in colorectal surgery. It is necessary to work towards real equality and inclusivity and embrace diversity, both to promote equity among colleagues and provide better surgical care to patients.
Assessing the Cost of Healthy and Unhealthy Diets: A Systematic Review of Methods
Authors: Russell Cherie , Whelan Jillian , Love Penelope 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurpose of ReviewPoor diets are a leading risk factor for chronic disease globally. Research suggests healthy foods are often harder to access, more expensive, and of a lower quality in rural/remote or low-income/high minority areas. Food pricing studies are frequently undertaken to explore food affordability. We aimed to capture and summarise food environment costing methodologies used in both urban and rural settings.Recent FindingsOur systematic review of high-income countries between 2006 and 2021 found 100 relevant food pricing studies. Most were conducted in the USA (n = 47) and Australia (n = 24), predominantly in urban areas (n = 74) and cross-sectional in design (n = 76). All described a data collection methodology, with just over half (n = 57) using a named instrument. The main purpose for studies was to monitor food pricing, predominantly using the ‘food basket’, followed by the Nutrition Environment Measures Survey for Stores (NEMS-S). Comparatively, the Healthy Diets Australian Standardised Affordability and Price (ASAP) instrument supplied data on relative affordability to household incomes.SummaryFuture research would benefit from a universal instrument reflecting geographic and socio-cultural context and collecting longitudinal data to inform and evaluate initiatives targeting food affordability, availability, and accessibility.
Cerebral Taenia crassiceps larvae infection in a 71-year-old immunocompetent male
Authors: Floß Niklas , Dolff Sebastian , Junker Andreas , Blau Tobias , Rauschenbach Laurel , Sure Ulrich , Witzke Oliver , Tappe Dennis , Schönfeld Andreas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe report a rare case of a cerebral infection with Taenia crassiceps tapeworm larvae in an immunocompetent 71-year-old German male. Initially, an intracerebral malignoma was suspected after the patient experienced stroke-like symptoms. After surgery, helminth larvae, later identified as T. crassiceps, were detected. Identification on the species level was possible by specific PCR and sequencing. After complete surgical removal, the patient was treated with albendazole and dexamethasone for two weeks. No residual symptoms were reported up to date.
Outcome of lung transplant recipients infected with SARS-CoV-2/Omicron/B.1.1.529: a Nationwide German study
Authors: Kneidinger Nikolaus , Hecker Matthias , Bessa Vasiliki , Hettich Ina , Wald Alexandra , Wege Sabine , Nolde Anna-Barbara , Oldigs Maike , Syunyaeva Zulfiya , Wilkens Heinrike , Gottlieb Jens 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is currently the major threat for immunocompromised individuals. The course of COVID-19 in lung transplant recipients in the Omicron era remains unknown. The aim of the study was to assess outcome and associated factors in lung transplant recipients in a German-wide multicenter approach.

Methods
All affected individuals from January 1st to March 20th, 2022 from 8 German centers during the Omicron wave were collected. Baseline characteristics and antiviral measures were associated with outcome.

Results
Of 218 patients with PCR-proven SARS-CoV-2 infection 166 patients (76%) received any early (< 7 days) antiviral therapy median 2 (interquartile range 1–4) days after symptom onset. Most patients received sotrovimab (57%), followed by remdesivir (21%) and molnupiravir (21%). An early combination therapy was applied in 45 patients (21%). Thirty-four patients (16%) developed a severe or critical disease severity according to the WHO scale. In total, 14 patients (6.4%) died subsequently associated with COVID-19. Neither vaccination and antibody status, nor applied treatments were associated with outcome. Only age and glomerular filtration rate < 30 ml/min/1.73m2 were independent risk factors for a severe or critical COVID-19.

Conclusion
COVID-19 due to Omicron remains an important threat for lung transplant recipients. In particular, elderly patients and patients with impaired kidney function are at risk for worse outcome. Prophylaxis and therapy in highly immunocompromised individuals need further improvement.
Research in eating disorders: the misunderstanding of supposing serious mental illnesses as a niche specialty
Authors: Marzola Enrica , Panero Matteo , Longo Paola , Martini Matteo , Fernàndez-Aranda Fernando , Kaye Walter H. , Abbate-Daga Giovanni 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Eating disorders (EDs) are mental illnesses with severe consequences and high mortality rates. Notwithstanding, EDs are considered a niche specialty making it often difficult for researchers to publish in high-impact journals. Subsequently, research on EDs receives less funding than other fields of psychiatry potentially slowing treatment progress. This study aimed to compare research vitality between EDs and schizophrenia focusing on: number and type of publications; top-cited articles; geographical distribution of top-ten publishing countries; journal distribution of scientific production as measured by bibliometric analysis; funded research and collaborations.

Methods
We used the Scopus database, then we adopted the Bibliometrix R-package software with the web interface app Biblioshiny. We included in the analyses 1,916 papers on EDs and 6491 on schizophrenia.

Results
The ED field published three times less than schizophrenia in top-ranking journals – with letters and notes particularly lacking—notwithstanding a comparable number of papers published per author. Only 50% of top-cited articles focused on EDs and a smaller pool of journals available for ED research (i.e., Zones 1 and 2 according to Bradford's law) emerged; journals publishing on EDs showed an overall lower rank compared to the schizophrenia field. Schizophrenia research was more geographically distributed and more funded; in contrast, a comparable collaboration index was found between the fields.

Conclusion
These data show that research on EDs is currently marginalized and top-rank journals are seldom achievable by researchers in EDs. Such difficulties in research dissemination entail potentially serious repercussions on clinical advancements.

Level of evidence
Level V: opinions of respected authorities, based on descriptive studies, narrative reviews, clinical experience, or reports of expert committees.
The stability of carbon from a maize-derived hydrochar as a function of fractionation and hydrothermal carbonization temperature in a Podzol
Authors: de Jager Megan , Schröter Frank , Wark Michael , Giani Luise 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHydrochar (HC) produced by the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of typically wet biomass is generally considered to be less effective for carbon (C) sequestration in soils compared to biochar (BC) by pyrolysis, due to a higher content of more easily decomposable C. Although the recalcitrance of HC is suggested to improve with increasing HTC production temperature, the way it interacts and becomes associated with soil organic matter (SOM) fractions of different stabilities against decomposition, may also influence its effectiveness for C sequestration in soils. In that respect, this study aimed to verify the potential of HCs from maize silage produced at different HTC temperatures (190, 210 and 230 °C) for C sequestration in a HC-amended sandy loam Podzol. To do this, we conducted a pot trial experiment and traced the fate of HC-derived C (HC-C) within different SOM fractions, namely the free- and occluded particulate organic matter (POMF and POMO, respectively) fractions and that comprising organic matter (OM) bound to clays (OMCl). Approx. 1 year after applying 5% of the different HTC temperature HCs to the soil, the SOM fractions were isolated by density fractionation for each HC treatment (HC190, HC210 and HC230) and the control (absent of HC). All fractions and the HCs were analyzed for organic C (OC) content and isotopic signatures (δ 13C). From the δ 13C signatures, the amount of HC-C and native soil organic carbon (SOC) within each fraction was calculated. Increased C contents and decreased H/C and O/C ratios were observed with increasing HTC production temperatures, which suggests a lower stability for the low temperature HC. After ca. 1 year, a loss of ~ 20–23% of the bulk soil TOC was found in the HC-amended soils. The POMF fraction of the HC-amended soils showed losses of 68–81% HC-C and 52–72% native SOC, which may be due to a positive priming effect caused by HC addition. The POMO and OMCl fractions of the HC-amended soils contained more OC than the control, indicating the integration of HC-C together with SOM within these more stable fractions, while the effect of HTC production temperature on the level of decomposition of the resultant HCs was negligible. In all HC treatments, the OMCl fraction comprised the least amount of HC-C, thus showing the weakest response to C amendment. In conclusion, long(er)-term research on the C net balance that accounts for the observed priming-induced TOC losses and the HC-C enrichment in more stable fractions is required to verify the potential of the different HCs for the purpose of C sequestration in soils.
Graphical Abstract
Sustainability and social transformation: the role of ecovillages in confluence with the pluriverse of community-led alternatives
Authors: Fonseca Renata Amorim Almeida , Irving Marta de Azevedo , Nasri Yasmin Xavier Guimarães , Ferreira Graciella Faico 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAmidst the uncertainties of a climate emergency scenario, sustainable and counter-hegemonic alternatives of social and productive organization are being developed by several grassroots local communities. Thus, this essay aims to critically discuss the role of ecovillages within thepluriverseof community-led alternatives, understood as a plural set of socially and environmentally transformative possibilities. Adopting a decolonial perspective, this study was carried out through an exploratory qualitative approach, based on a bibliographic and documentary survey. According to the adopted premises, it is possible to recognize that communal territorial innovations, as illustrated by ecovillages’ practices, may expand the horizon of solutions to face contemporary multiple crises. In line with the Paris Agreement and the 2030 Agenda, confluences between diverse community-led alternatives can contribute to deconstruct rooted development premises and to potentialize climate actions toward a just and sustainable transition, in tune with the triune dimensions of cultural identity, social equity, and ecological sustainability of theBuen Vivircommunal ethics.Graphical abstract
Perspectives on the success of electric propulsion
Authors: Brophy John R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractElectric propulsion is now in both widespread use and active flight-implementation across a broad spectrum of commercial and government applications ranging from cubesats, LEO constellations, GEO comsats, deep space science missions, and even the human-tended Lunar Gateway. It has been my good fortune to witness, and even participate in, to some small extent, the transition of electric propulsion technology from laboratory development to its current wide-ranging acceptance. This paper summarizes my recollection on how this happened from the perspective of working on electric propulsion for 44 years, most of it at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Space limitations dictate that this summary cannot include all (or maybe even most) of the important details and developments of a story that spans more than 40 years. The objective was to identify the key factors that drove electric propulsion’s successes.
An integrated cyberGIS and machine learning framework for fine-scale prediction of Urban Heat Island using satellite remote sensing and urban sensor network data
Authors: Lyu Fangzheng , Wang Shaohua , Han Su Yeon , Catlett Charlie , Wang Shaowen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDue to climate change and rapid urbanization, Urban Heat Island (UHI), featuring significantly higher temperature in metropolitan areas than surrounding areas, has caused negative impacts on urban communities. Temporal granularity is often limited in UHI studies based on satellite remote sensing data that typically has multi-day frequency coverage of a particular urban area. This low temporal frequency has restricted the development of models for predicting UHI. To resolve this limitation, this study has developed a cyber-based geographic information science and systems (cyberGIS) framework encompassing multiple machine learning models for predicting UHI with high-frequency urban sensor network data combined with remote sensing data focused on Chicago, Illinois, from 2018 to 2020. Enabled by rapid advances in urban sensor network technologies and high-performance computing, this framework is designed to predict UHI in Chicago with fine spatiotemporal granularity based on environmental data collected with the Array of Things (AoT) urban sensor network and Landsat-8 remote sensing imagery. Our computational experiments revealed that a random forest regression (RFR) model outperforms other models with the prediction accuracy of 0.45 degree Celsius in 2020 and 0.8 degree Celsius in 2018 and 2019 with mean absolute error as the evaluation metric. Humidity, distance to geographic center, and PM2.5 concentration are identified as important factors contributing to the model performance. Furthermore, we estimate UHI in Chicago with 10-min temporal frequency and 1-km spatial resolution on the hottest day in 2018. It is demonstrated that the RFR model can accurately predict UHI at fine spatiotemporal scales with high-frequency urban sensor network data integrated with satellite remote sensing data.
m6A-TSHub: Unveiling the Context-Specific m6A Methylation and m6A-Affecting Mutations in 23 Human Tissues
Authors: Song Bowen , Huang Daiyun , Zhang Yuxin , Wei Zhen , Su Jionglong , Pedro de Magalhães João , Rigden Daniel J. , Meng Jia , Chen Kunqi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
As the most pervasive epigenetic marker present on mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), N 6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation has been shown to participate in essential biological processes. Recent studies have revealed the distinct patterns of m6A methylome across human tissues, and a major challenge remains in elucidating the tissue-specific presence and circuitry of m6A methylation. We present here a comprehensive online platform, m6A-TSHub, for unveiling the context-specific m6A methylation and genetic mutations that potentially regulate m6A epigenetic mark. m6A-TSHub consists of four core components, including (1) m6A-TSDB, a comprehensive database of 184,554 functionally annotated m6A sites derived from 23 human tissues and 499,369 m6A sites from 25 tumor conditions, respectively; (2) m6A-TSFinder, a web server for high-accuracy prediction of m6A methylation sites within a specific tissue from RNA sequences, which was constructed using multi-instance deep neural networks with gated attention; (3) m6A-TSVar, a web server for assessing the impact of genetic variants on tissue-specific m6A RNA modifications; and (4) m6A-CAVar, a database of 587,983 The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cancer mutations (derived from 27 cancer types) that were predicted to affect m6A modifications in the primary tissue of cancers. The database should make a useful resource for studying the m6A methylome and the genetic factors of epitranscriptome disturbance in a specific tissue (or cancer type). m6A-TSHub is accessible at www.xjtlu.edu.cn/biologicalsciences/m6ats.
The Origins of Greek Temple Architecture
Authors: Pierattini Alessandro 
Published: September 2022

In this book, Alessandro Pierattini offers a comprehensive study of the evolution of pre-archaic Greek temple architecture from the eleventh to mid-seventh century BCE. Demystifying the formative stages of Greek architecture, he traces how temples were transformed from unassuming shrines made of perishable materials into large stone and terracotta monuments. Grounded in archaeological evidence, the volume analyzes the design, function, construction, and aesthetic of the Greek temple. While the book's primary focus is architectural, it also draws on non-architectural material culture, ancient cult practice, and social history, which also defined the context that fostered the Greek temple's initial development. In reconstituting this early history, Pierattini also draws attention to new developments as well as legacies from previous eras. Ultimately, he reveals why the temple's pre-Archaic development is not only of interest in itself, but also a key to the origins of the Greek monumental architecture of the Archaic period.
Boundary Making in Translation Zones
Authors: Davidovic Walther Antonia 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTThe article discusses practices of cooperation between metal detectorists and professional archaeologists in Germany by exploring the approach of the regional office for historic preservation (Generaldirektion Kulturelles Erbe) in Speyer (Rheinland-Pfalz, southwest Germany). Its model is based on open access to a permit for detecting in a certain area, combined with regular meetings in order to establish knowledge circulation between volunteer and professional spheres. Relying on ethnographic fieldwork and questionnaires, the research shows that the approach creates a symmetric coproduction of knowledge, recognizing the metal detectorists as volunteer researchers producing genuine knowledge. Several theoretical aspects of knowledge circulation are analyzed with regard to their relevance for practices of knowledge production. The enactment of the boundary between public and professionals is the result of boundary work actively performed. As a consequence, this boundary should rather be seen as a fluid, hybrid zone, conceptualized as a translation zone. The concept of boundary objects points to the importance of specific elements for enabling circulation of knowledge between different spheres. Various communities of practice and their shared practices, conventions, perceptions, et cetera, influence the relationship and knowledge circulation, and these should be taken into account in coproduction processes.
Assessor Relative Conativism
Authors: MILLER KRISTIE 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAccording to conventionalist or conativist views about personal-identity, utterances of personal-identity sentences express propositions that are, in part, made true by the conative attitudes of relevant persons-stages. In this paper I introduce assessor relative conativism: the view that a personal-identity proposition can be true when evaluated at one person-stage's context and false when evaluated at another person-stage's context, because person-stages have different patterns of conative attitudes. I present several reasons to embrace assessor relative conativism over its more familiar realizer relative cousin.
Subsystem entropies of shifts of finite type and sofic shifts on countable amenable groups
Authors: BLAND ROBERT , MCGOFF KEVIN , PAVLOV RONNIE 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this work, we study the entropies of subsystems of shifts of finite type (SFTs) and sofic shifts on countable amenable groups. We prove that for any countable amenable group G, if X is a G-SFT with positive topological entropy
$h(X)> 0$
, then the entropies of the SFT subsystems of X are dense in the interval
$[0, h(X)]$
. In fact, we prove a ‘relative’ version of the same result: if X is a G-SFT and
$Y \subset X$
is a subshift such that
$h(Y) < h(X)$
, then the entropies of the SFTs Z for which
$Y \subset Z \subset X$
are dense in
$[h(Y), h(X)]$
. We also establish analogous results for sofic G-shifts.
Rational points on nonlinear horocycles and pigeonhole statistics for the fractional parts of
Authors: PATTISON SAM 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate pigeonhole statistics for the fractional parts of the sequence
$\sqrt {n}$
. Namely, we partition the unit circle
$ \mathbb {T} = \mathbb {R}/\mathbb {Z}$
into N intervals and show that the proportion of intervals containing exactly j points of the sequence
$(\sqrt {n} + \mathbb {Z})_{n=1}^N$
converges in the limit as
$N \to \infty $
. More generally, we investigate how the limiting distribution of the first
$sN$
points of the sequence varies with the parameter
$s \geq 0$
. A natural way to examine this is via point processes—random measures on
$[0,\infty )$
which represent the arrival times of the points of our sequence to a random interval from our partition. We show that the sequence of point processes we obtain converges in distribution and give an explicit description of the limiting process in terms of random affine unimodular lattices. Our work uses ergodic theory in the space of affine unimodular lattices, building upon work of Elkies and McMullen [Gaps in
$\sqrt {n}$
mod 1 and ergodic theory. Duke Math. J.123 (2004), 95–139]. We prove a generalisation of equidistribution of rational points on expanding horocycles in the modular surface, working instead on nonlinear horocycle sections.
Nosocomial outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 delta variant among vaccinated healthcare workers and immunocompromised patients on a solid-organ transplant unit: Complexities of an epidemiologic and genomic investigation
Authors: Ryder Jonathan H. , Van Schooneveld Trevor C. , Abdalhamid Baha , Wood Macy G. , Wahlig Taylor A. , Starlin Richard , Gillett Gayle , Balfour Teresa , Pflueger Libby , Rupp Mark E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn September 2021, a cluster of 6 patients with nosocomial coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were identified in a transplant unit. A visitor and 11 healthcare workers also tested positive for severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Genomic sequencing identified 3 separate introductions of SARS-CoV-2 with related transmission among the identified patients and healthcare workers.