bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physiological and psychological responses to olfactory simulation by Taiwania (Taiwania cryptomerioides) essential oil and the influence of cognitive bias
Authors: Yu Chia-Pin , Weng Wei-Chieh , Ramanpong Jittakon , Wu Chih-Da , Tsai Ming-Jer , Spengler John D. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTaiwania (Taiwania cryptomerioides) is a valuable raw material in the wood products industry in Taiwan. An empirical study of the physiological and psychological effects of smelling Taiwania contributes to an understanding of the properties of interior wood that could potentially promote the use of wood materials in a healthy living environment. Prior studies have indicated that pre-knowledge of odors can cause cognitive bias and different responses in subjects. Designed to disclose the therapeutic effects of Taiwania’s scent and its extension to environmental health promotions, this study aimed to (1) investigate its effects on human health responses by stimulating olfaction, and (2) explore the role of cognitive bias in exposure to the scent of Taiwania. The results showed Taiwania’s volatiles had a relaxation effect in reducing the heart rates of participants. Some negative mood states, such as confusion, fatigue, and depression were suppressed. Regarding sensory perceptions, participants reported Taiwania’s scent induced greater affective scores of stimulation, excitement, firmness, distinctiveness, activity, and denseness, but a lower feeling of pleasantness. There were significant effects of positive cognitive bias on reducing the anger-hostility feeling of participants, but no effects on physiological responses. Moreover, the positive information bias alleviated the unpleasantness toward the smell.
Evaluating the impact of adjunctive istradefylline on the cumulative dose of levodopa-containing medications in Parkinson’s disease: study protocol for the ISTRA ADJUST PD randomized, controlled study
Authors: Hatano Taku , Kano Osamu , Sengoku Renpei , Yoritaka Asako , Suzuki Keisuke , Nishikawa Noriko , Mukai Yohei , Nomura Kyoichi , Yoshida Norihito , Seki Morinobu , Matsukawa Miho Kawabe , Terashi Hiroo , Kimura Katsuo , Tashiro Jun , Hirano Shigeki , Murakami Hidetomo , Joki Hideto , Uchiyama Tsuyoshi , Shimura Hideki , Ogaki Kotaro , Fukae Jiro , Tsuboi Yoshio , Takahashi Kazushi , Yamamoto Toshimasa , Yanagisawa Naotake , Nagayama Hiroshi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundLevodopa remains the most effective symptomatic treatment for Parkinson’s disease (PD) more than 50 years after its clinical introduction. However, the onset of motor complications can limit pharmacological intervention with levodopa, which can be a challenge when treating PD patients. Clinical data suggest using the lowest possible levodopa dose to balance the risk/benefit. Istradefylline, an adenosine A2Areceptor antagonist indicated as an adjunctive treatment to levodopa-containing preparations in PD patients experiencing wearing off, is currently available in Japan and the US. Preclinical and preliminary clinical data suggested that adjunctive istradefylline may provide sustained antiparkinsonian benefits without a levodopa dose increase; however, available data on the impact of istradefylline on levodopa dose titration are limited. The ISTRA ADJUST PD study will evaluate the effect of adjunctive istradefylline on levodopa dosage titration in PD patients.MethodsThis 37-week, multicenter, randomized, open-label, parallel-group controlled study in PD patients aged 30–84 years who are experiencing the wearing-off phenomenon despite receiving levodopa-containing medications ≥ 3 times daily (daily dose 300–400 mg) began in February 2019 and will continue until February 2022. Enrollment is planned to attain 100 evaluable patients for the efficacy analyses. Patients will receive adjunctive istradefylline (20 mg/day, increasing to 40 mg/day) or the control in a 1:1 ratio, stratified by age, levodopa equivalent dose, and presence/absence of dyskinesia. During the study, the levodopa dose will be increased according to symptom severity. The primary study endpoint is the comparison of the cumulative additional dose of levodopa-containing medications during the treatment period between the adjunctive istradefylline and control groups. Secondary endpoints include changes in efficacy rating scales and safety outcomes.DiscussionThis study aims to clarify whether adjunctive istradefylline can reduce the cumulative additional dose of levodopa-containing medications in PD patients experiencing the wearing-off phenomenon, and lower the risk of levodopa-associated complications. It is anticipated that data from ISTRA ADJUST PD will help inform future clinical decision-making for patients with PD in the real-world setting.Trial registrationJapan Registry of Clinical Trials,jRCTs031180248; registered 12 March 2019.
Physical therapists’ experiences and perceptions of antepartum and postpartum care
Authors: Lin Kuan-Yin , Tsai Yi-Ju , Yang Jeng-Feng , Wu Meng-Hsing 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Little is known about the physical therapists’ practice and perceptions toward management of pregnancy/postpartum-related disorders in Taiwan. The aim of this study was to document current practice of physical therapy in antepartum and postpartum care in Taiwan.

Methods
An exploratory, cross-sectional study was conducted in registered physical therapists living in Taiwan. An anonymized online survey was designed, piloted, and advertised widely from March 2020 to March 2021. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi square analysis and multivariate logistic regression.

Results
Of the 364 respondents, 37.6% had experience of treating pregnant or postpartum women in clinical practice. The most commonly treated pregnancy/postpartum-related disorder in practice was low back pain (61.3%). All respondents reported little to moderate level of confidence in their ability to manage pregnancy/postpartum-related disorder. Being female (p < 0.01); working at a regional hospital (p = 0.01), district hospital or district teaching hospital (p < 0.01), clinic (p = 0.01) or physiotherapy clinic (p = 0.01); and having prior experience of treating antepartum or postpartum women (p < 0.01) were significantly associated with willingness to provide customer-oriented service or health education to patients/clients with pregnancy/postpartum-related disorder after controlling for other confounding variables. The most commonly reported barrier was “lack of available training” (81.3%).

Conclusion
The majority of participating physical therapists indicated a positive attitude to antepartum and postpartum care but were not confident in management of various pregnancy/postpartum-related disorder in practices. The findings of this study highlight the educational needs related to antepartum and postpartum care in clinical practice for physical therapists in Taiwan.
The blood pressure and use of tourniquet are related to local recurrence after intralesional curettage of primary benign bone tumors: a retrospective and hypothesis-generating study
Authors: Zhou Lenian , Lin Shanyi , Zhu Hongyi , Dong Yang , Yang Qingcheng , Yuan Ting 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Aims
Intralesional curettage is a commonly used treatment for primary bone tumors. However, local recurrence of tumors after curettage remains a major challenge.

Questions
(1) Is blood pressure related to local recurrence after intralesional curettage for benign or intermediate bone tumors? (2) What’s the impact of tourniquet usage on the risk of recurrence from high blood pressure?

Methods
This retrospective study evaluated patients receiving intralesional curettage for primary bone tumors from January 2011 to January 2015. A total of 411 patients with a minimum five-year follow-up were included for analysis. Demographic and disease-related variables were first assessed in univariable analyses for local recurrence risk. When a yielded p-value was < 0.2, variables were included in multivariable analyses to identify independent risk factors for local recurrence. Patients were then stratified by tourniquet usage (use/non-use), and risk from high blood pressure was evaluated in both subgroups.

Results
At an average follow-up of 6.8 ± 1.0 years, 63 of 411 patients (15.3%) experienced local recurrence. In multivariable analyses, local recurrence was associated with age (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.94–0.99; p = 0.005); tumor type; lesion size (> 5 cm: OR, 3.58; 95% CI, 1.38–9.33; p = 0.009); anatomical site (proximal femur: OR, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.21–5.15; p = 0.014; proximal humerus: OR, 3.34; 95% CI, 1.61–6.92; p = 0.001); and preoperative mean arterial pressure (> 110 mmHg: OR, 2.61; 95% CI, 1.20–5.67; P = 0.015). In subgroup analyses, after adjusting for age, tumor type, lesion size, and anatomical site, tourniquet use modified the preoperative mean arterial pressure - recurrence relationship: when tourniquet was not used, preoperative mean arterial pressure predicted local recurrence (95–110 mmHg, 4.13, 1.42–12.03, p = 0.009; > 110 mmHg, 28.06, 5.27–149.30, p < 0.001); when tourniquet was used, preoperative mean arterial pressure was not related to local recurrence (all p values > 0.05).

Conclusions
A high preoperative blood pressure was related to local recurrence after intralesional curettage for primary bone tumors in our study. Tourniquet usage and controlling blood pressure might be beneficial for reducing local recurrence in patients scheduled to receive intralesional curettage for primary bone tumor treatment.

Level of evidence
Level IV, hypothesis-generating study.
Preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio may contribute to the prediction of postoperative infectious complications in patients with acute appendicitis: a retrospective study
Authors: Mori Mikito , Narushima Kazuo , Hirano Atsushi , Kano Yoshihiko , Chiba Fumihiro , Edamoto Yoshihiro , Yoshida Masahiro 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Several studies have assessed various clinical variables to identify risk factors for postoperative complications in patients with acute appendicitis. However, few studies have focused on the relationships between systemic inflammatory variables and postoperative complications in patients with acute appendicitis. We investigated the relationships between postoperative complications and systemic inflammatory variables, and assessed the clinical utility of these variables as predictors of postoperative complications in patients with acute appendicitis.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 181 patients who underwent immediate appendectomy for acute appendicitis. All postoperative complications were classified as infectious or noninfectious, and we evaluated the relationships between postoperative complications and clinical factors including the preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio.

Results
In total, 28 patients (15.5%) had postoperative Clavien-Dindo grade II–IV complications; 17 patients (9.4%) and 11 patients (6.1%) were categorized as the infectious and noninfectious complication groups, respectively. The cutoff value of the preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for all complications was 11.3, and multivariate analysis revealed that the preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was an independent predictor of any postoperative complication (odds ratio: 4.223, 95% confidence interval: 1.335–13.352; P = 0.014). The cutoff value of the preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for infectious complications was 11.4, and multivariate analysis revealed that the preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was an independent predictor of infectious complications (odds ratio: 4.235, 95% confidence interval: 1.137–15.776; P = 0.031).

Conclusions
In patients with acute appendicitis, the preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio may be a useful predictor of all postoperative complications, especially infectious complications.
Anti-inflammatory effects of flavonoids and phenylethanoid glycosides from Hosta plantaginea flowers in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages through inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Yang Li , He Junwei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The flower of Hosta plantaginea (Lam.) Aschers has traditionally been used in China as an important Mongolian medicine for the treatment of inflammatory diseases with limited scientific evidence. In previous studies, 16 flavonoids and 3 phenylethanoid glycosides (1–19) were isolated from the ethanolic extract of H. plantaginea flowers. Nevertheless, the anti-inflammatory effects of these constituents remain unclear. In the present study, the anti-inflammatory effects of these 19 constituents and their underlying mechanisms were assessed in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages.

Methods
The viability of RAW 264.7 macrophages was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Meanwhile, nitric oxide (NO) production was measured by Griess assay, while the secretion of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and IL-6 in LPS-induced macrophages was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Furthermore, the protein expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 and phosphorylated NF-κB p65 was evaluated by Western blot analysis.

Results
All constituents effectively suppressed excessive NO production at a concentration of 40 μM with no toxicity to LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. Among them, five flavonoids (1, 4–6 and 15) and one phenylethanoid glycoside (17) remarkably prevented the overproduction of NO with median inhibitory concentration (IC50) values in the range of 12.20–19.91 μM. Moreover, compounds 1, 4–6, 15 and 17 potently inhibited the secretion of TNF-α, PGE2, IL-1β and IL-6, and had a prominent inhibitory effect on the down-regulation of the phosphorylated protein level of NF-κB p65.

Conclusion
Taken together, compounds 1, 4–6, 15 and 17 may be useful in managing inflammatory diseases by blocking the NF-κB signaling pathway and suppressing the overproduction of inflammatory mediators.
Basic life support, a necessary inclusion in the medical curriculum: a cross-sectional survey of knowledge and attitude in Uganda
Authors: Ssewante Nelson , Wekha Godfrey , Iradukunda Angelique , Musoke Phillip , Kanyike Andrew Marvin , Nabukeera Germinah , Wamala Nicholas Kisaakye , Zziwa Wilson , Kamuhangire Lauben , Kajjimu Jonathan , Luggya Tonny Stone , Tagg Andrew 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundUganda continues to depend on a health system without a well-defined emergency response system. This is in the face of the rising cases of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest contributed largely to the high incidence of road traffic accidents. Non-communicable diseases are also on the rise further increasing the incidence of cardiac arrest. Medical students are key players in the bid to strengthen the health system which warrants an assessment of their knowledge and attitude towards BLS inclusion in their study curriculum.MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021 among undergraduate medical students across eight public and private universities in Uganda. An online-based questionnaire was developed using Google forms and distributed via identified WhatsApp groups. Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test and logistic regression were performed in STATA 15 to assess the association between knowledge of BLS and demographics. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsOut of the total 354 entries obtained, 351 were analyzed after eligibility screening. Of these, (n = 250, 71.2%) were male less than 25 years (n = 273, 77.8%). Less than half (n = 150, 42.7%) participants had undergone formal BLS training.Less than a third of participants (n = 103, 29.3%) had good knowledge (≥ 50%) with an overall score of 42.3 ± 12.4%. Age (p = 0.045), level of academic progress (p = 0.001), and prior BLS training (p = 0.033) were associated with good knowledge. Participants with prior training were more likely to have more BLS knowledge (aOR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.1–2.7,p = 0.009).The majority (n = 348, 99.1%) believed that BLS was necessary and would wish (n = 343, 97.7%) to have it included in their curriculum.ConclusionsUndergraduate medical students have poor BLS knowledge but understand its importance. Institutions need to adopt practical teaching methods such as clinical exposures, field experience in collaboration with local implementers, and participating in community health promotion campaigns.
Voice-based control system for smart hospital wards: a pilot study of patient acceptance
Authors: Jian Wen-Shan , Wang Ju-Yu , Rahmanti Annisa Ristya , Chien Shuo-Chen , Hsu Chun-Kung , Chien Chia-Hui , Li Yu-Chuan , Chen Chun-You , Chin Yen-Po , Huang Chen-Ling 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The smart hospital's concept of using the Internet of Things (IoT) to reduce human resources demand has become more popular in the aging society.

Objective
To implement the voice smart care (VSC) system in hospital wards and explore patient acceptance via the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM).

Methods
A structured questionnaire based on TAM was developed and validated as a research tool. Only the patients hospitalized in the VSC wards and who used it for more than two days were invited to fill the questionnaire. Statistical variables were analyzed using SPSS version 24.0. A total of 30 valid questionnaires were finally obtained after excluding two incomplete questionnaires. Cronbach’s α values for all study constructs were above 0.84.

Result
We observed that perceived ease of use on perceived usefulness, perceived usefulness on user satisfaction and attitude toward using, and attitude toward using on behavioral intention to use had statistical significance (p < .01), respectively.

Conclusion
We have successfully developed the VSC system in a Taiwanese academic medical center. Our study indicated that perceived usefulness was a crucial factor, which means the system function should precisely meet the patients' demands. Additionally, a clever system design is important since perceived ease of use positively affects perceived usefulness. The insight generated from this study could be beneficial to hospitals when implementing similar systems to their wards.
Analysis of factors contributing to medication errors during self-management of medication in the rehabilitation ward: a case control study
Authors: Suzuki Ryohei , Uchiya Takako , Nakamura Ayumi , Okubo Naoki , Sakai Takamasa , Takahashi Masaaki , Kaneko Mariko , Aiba Ikuko , Ohtsu Fumiko 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
In the rehabilitation ward, many elderly patients require continuous use of medication after a stroke or bone fracture, even after discharge. They are encouraged to self-manage their medications from the time of admission. Medication errors, such as a missed dose or incorrect administered medication can worsen conditions, resulting in recurrent strokes, fractures, or adverse effects. The study was aimed to identify risk factors, such as medication and prescription, contributing to errors in self-management of medication.

Methods
This study was conducted on patients who self-managed their medication in the rehabilitation ward of Higashinagoya National Hospital from April 2018 to March 2020. The patient background including age and sex were investigated. The medication factors examined include the number of medications and administrations per day, dosing frequency on indicated days, prescription and start date are the same, medications from multiple prescriptions, and one package or one tablet at each dosage. The group of medication error cases were defined as the medication error group and that of control cases as the no-medication error group. A logistic regression analysis was performed for factors related to medication errors.

Results
A total of 348 patients were included in the study, of which 154 patients made medication errors, with 374 total medication error cases. The median number of medications in the medication error group was six, and that in the no-medication error group was five. Statistically significant factors correlated with errors made during self-management of medication were the number of medications, number of administrations per day, dosing frequency on indicated days, and medication from multiple prescriptions.

Conclusions
When a patient is self-managing their medications, errors are likely to occur due to a high number of medicines they are taking and the complexity of the dosage regimen. Therefore, to prevent medication errors, reviewing the prescribed medications and devise ways to simplify the dosage regimens is crucial.
Supporting efficiency improvement in public health systems: a rapid evidence synthesis
Authors: Walters James Kenneth , Sharma Anurag , Malica Emma , Harrison Reema 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Public health systems internationally are under pressure to meet increasing demand for healthcare in the context of increasing financial resource constraint. There is therefore a need to maximise health outcomes achieved with public healthcare expenditure. This paper aims to establish and synthesize the contemporary evidence base for approaches taken at a system management level to improve efficiency.

Methods
Rapid Evidence Assessment (REA) methodology was employed. A search strategy was developed and applied (PUBMED, MEDLINE) returning 5,377 unique titles. 172 full-text articles were screened to determine relevance with 82 publications included in the final review. Data regarding country, study design, key findings and approaches to efficiency improvement were extracted and a narrative synthesis produced. Publications covering health systems from developed countries were included.

Results
Identified study designs included policy reviews, qualitative reviews, mixed methods reviews, systematic reviews, literature reviews, retrospective analyses, scoping reviews, narrative papers, regression analyses and opinion papers. While findings revealed no comprehensive frameworks for system-wide efficiency improvement, a range of specific centrally led improvement approaches were identified. Elements associated with success in current approaches included dedicated central functions to drive system-wide efficiency improvement, managing efficiency in tandem with quality and value, and inclusive stakeholder engagement.

Conclusions
The requirement for public health systems to improve efficiency is likely to continue to increase. Reactive cost-cutting measures and short-term initiatives aimed only at reducing expenditure are unlikely to deliver sustainable efficiency improvement. By providing dedicated central system-wide efficiency improvement support, public health system management entities can deliver improved financial, health service and stakeholder outcomes.