bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Robust Fractional Model for Improving Industrial Park Water Use Efficiency Under Dual Uncertainties
Authors: Lan Zhuoling , Wang Shuping , Tan Qian , Zhang Tianyuan , Cao Yini 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
As an existing form of high aggregation of industries, industrial parks, have problems with a large demand for water and sewage discharge. Therefore, developing an effective approach to improve the efficiency of industrial park water use is urgently needed. Originating from internal and external changes, complicated uncertainties may coexist in multiple system components and their correlations within industrial park water resource management. Previous studies ignored the uncertain probability related to water inflow, which is difficult to estimate for long-term decision-making problems. This research describes the exploitation of an inexact two-stage stochastic partial fractional programming (ITSPF) method for sustainable industrial park water supply, under dual uncertainties. ITSPF is developed via the synthesis of linear partial information, interval programming, two-stage stochastic programming, and fractional programming techniques. It could improve conventional industrial park water resource optimization by solving the uncertain probability of water inflow levels while optimizing the ratio issues. The results show that various water allocation plans within different inflow level probabilities can be generated by handling the trade-off between water consumption and system benefit. And the amount of reclaimed water would be increased under the higher risk of water shortage. The comparisons of ITSPF results against the least-cost model and model with deterministic probability of water inflow levels demonstrated that ITSPF could not only result in higher resource-use efficiency, but also avoid missing possible solution sets and offer a pragmatic way for obtaining satisfactory alternatives by providing wider adjustable ranges.
Elevated CO2 concentration enhance Oryza sativa seed shattering and affects seed-shattering gene expression
Authors: de Avila Luis Antonio , Balbinot Andrisa , Viana Vívian Ebeling , Feijó Anderson da Rosa , Fipke Marcus Vinicius , Heck Tamara , Ziska Lewis H , Markus Catarine , Merotto Aldo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Weedy rice (Oryza sativa L.) is widely recognized as a major constraint in cultivated rice systems globally. Seed shattering is related to the invasiveness and persistence of weedy ecotypes in field and exacerbates its control in cultivated rice systems. Shattering traits are controlled genetically and by different environmental conditions. At present, a rapidly changing environment, including rising levels of carbon dioxide [CO2], could alter shattering frequency, with subsequent effects on weed seed input and competition. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the interaction between weedy rice seed shattering and the transcriptional seed shattering-regulation genes as affected by weedy rice genotypes and atmospheric CO2 concentrations. We examined seven biotypes and two atmospheric CO2 concentrations: ambient {a[CO2]} and enhanced {e[CO2]} concentration, 400 and 700 µmol mol-1 respectively. Our results indicate that e[CO2] increases weedy rice seed shattering. The gene expression analysis demonstrates an effect of [CO2] in the expression of all gene shattering-related genes (OsCPL1, qSH1, Sh4, SHAT1, OsXTH8, OSH15, and SH5), with high variability observed between genotypes. Here we showed that increased CO2 concentration affects greatly seed shattering in weedy rice and in minor effect cultivated rice, by modulation of seed shattering-related genes and weedy genotypes showed the highest upregulation level of this genes. Thus, increased CO2 concentration positively affect panicle number and grain yield mainly in cultivated rice.
RPS15A promotes the proliferation and migration of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Bian Jin , Niu Yan , Lv Cao 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an epithelial squamous cell carcinoma arising from the nasopharyngeal mucosal lining. Ribosomal protein S15a (RPS15A) plays vital role in protein translation and was recently reported to be an oncogene in numerous tumor types. However, its biological role in NPC is remain largely unclear.Methods: In this study, we explored the expression of RPS15A in NPC tissues by immunofluorescence histochemical staining (IHC) staining of human tissue microarray. The C666-1 and CNE-2Z NPC cell lines with RPS15A depletion were used to investigate the effects of RPS15A on NPC cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis. In vivo tumor growth of NPC cells was observed by subcutaneous xenograft mice model. The potential mechanism was explored by Human Apoptosis Antibody Array analysis and WB experiments. Results: RPS15A was significantly up-regulated in NPC and RPS15A knockdown remarkably suppressed NPC cells proliferation, migration and induced cell apoptosis. Moreover, RPS15A silencing also impaired tumor growth of xenograft mice. Further Human Apoptosis Antibody Array analysis indicated that depletion of RPS15A could promote several apoptosis-related proteins expression, and results of WB experiments confirmed the inhibition of PI3K/AKT pathway. Conclusion: RPS15A knockdown suppressed proliferation, migration and increased apoptosis of NCP cells by inhibiting PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. RPS15A may serve as a promising therapeutic target for NPC patients.
Migrating solar diurnal tidal variability during Northern and Southern Hemisphere Sudden Stratospheric Warmings
Authors: Siddiqui Tarique Adnan , Chau Jorge L. , Stolle Claudia , Yamazaki Yosuke 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this study, the variability of the migrating solar diurnal (DW1) tide in the mesosphere-lower thermosphere (MLT) region during Northern and Southern Hemisphere (NH & SH) Sudden Stratospheric Warmings (SSWs) is investigated using Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) temperature observations and reanalysis-driven Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model with thermosphere and ionosphere extension (WACCM-X) simulations. The periods examined include four major NH SSWs that occurred in 2006, 2009, 2010 and 2013 and two SH SSWs that were observed in 2002 and 2019. Our analysis shows that the DW1 tide in both observations and simulations displays a reduction of amplitude at low-latitudes after the onset of NH and SH SSWs. As WACCM-X simulations qualitatively reproduce this feature of DW1 tidal variability common to both NH and SH SSWs, they have been used to examine the possible mechanism that could explain these observations in DW1 tide. It is known that changes in the latitudinal shear of zonal winds at low-latitudes strongly affect the seasonal variation of DW1 tide in the MLT. We show that SSW-associated changes in the latitudinal shear in the MLT could explain the observed variability of DW1 tide during NH and SH SSWs.
Primordial Initiation, Yield and Yield Component Traits of Two Genotypes of Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus spp.) as Affected by Various Rates of Lime
Authors: Chukwu Samuel C. , Ibeji Chidiebere A. , Ogbu Chigozie , Oselebe Happiness O. , Okporie Emmanuel O. , Rafii Mohd Y. , Oladosu Yusuff 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Mushrooms are fleshy fungi valued globally for their nutritional and medical benefits. The study was conducted at Ebonyi State University Mushroom Center, Abakaliki, with the aim to determine an optimum level of limestone (CaCO3) on the genotypes for maximum growth and yield. The experiment was carried out as a split plot experiment in completely randomized design. The two genotypes were placed in the whole plot while limestone was placed in the sub–plot which consisted of five rates of CaCO3 (Og, 5g, 10g, 15g and 20g). Saw dust and rice husk substrates were used at the ratio of 60:40 and sterilized for six hours at 1210C using the steam sterilization cylinder. The media bags were off–loaded after one day and allowed to further cool for another day before inoculation. The cultured spawn were used to inoculate the media upon cooling at room temperature. Data were collected on agro–morphological parameters such as primordial initiation, stalk height, stalk diameter, number of branches, number of fruits, number of productive bags, fresh and dry weights, and subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA). The result obtained indicated that there was a significant difference (P < 0.05) between the two genotypes studied in all parameters except dry weight of mushroom. Also, the various rates of CaCO3 had significant difference (P < 0.05) in most agro-morphological traits except stalk diameter, number of fruits and fresh weight. However, the interaction of whole plot (genotype) and sub-plot (lime rates) showed no significant difference (P > 0.05) in all parameters evaluated except the stalk diameter. Genotype I initiated more primordial compared to primordial initiation in genotype II and they differed significantly (p < 0.05) from each other. More so, the result showed that increasing the rate of CaCO3 from 0g to 5g significantly increased the primordial initiation from 17 to 22. However, further increase in lime rates above 5g significantly reduced the primordial initiation from 22 to 15. It was concluded that 5g rate of limestone produced the best primordial initiation. Therefore, genotype I and 5g of CaCO3 were recommended. There was also a strong relationship between the primordial initiation and most growth and yield components traits studied. There was a significant positive correlation between primordial initiation and stalk height (r = 0.799*), stalk diameter (r = 0.692*), number of mushroom branches (r = 0.773*), number of productive bags (r = 0.888*), number of fruits (r = 0.810*), fruit weight (r = 0.918*) and dry weight (r = 0.916*). Ideal conditions that would guarantee more primordial initiation for higher yield were recommended.
APuML: An Efficient Approach To Detect Mobile Phishing Webpages Using Machine Learning
Authors: Jain Ankit Kumar , Debnath Ninmoy , Jain Arvind Kumar 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Nowadays, the growth of mobile phones users has gained a significant increase because of the features offered by them in abundant amounts. These devices are being used rapidly for accessing the web and many online services. However, the security mechanisms that are available in smartphones are not yet mature. Therefore, smartphones are vulnerable to various types of attacks, such as phishing. The browsers on smartphones are very trivial and the smartphones security abilities have been lessened, to match the smartphone's capabilities. Therefore, detection of the malicious website is different from the previously known technique, which is used on the desktop. Many anti-phishing techniques for mobile devices have been developed but still, there is a lack of a full-fledged solution. Therefore, this paper presents an efficient approach to detect malicious mobile webpages. The proposed approach APuML (Anti Phishing using Machine Learning) extracts all the static and site popularity features from the given URL to create a feature vector. An appropriate machine learning classification algorithm is then applied on the feature set to obtain the result and update the database accordingly. In our approach, the Random Forest classifier outperforms over other classifiers and achieved detection accuracy of 93.85 %. We have also created an endpoint application for the users to interact with our system using his/her mobile devices. Moreover, the proposed approach can identify drive-by downloads attack, zero-day attack and clickjacking attack with high accuracy.
Impacts of floating urbanization on water quality and aquatic ecosystems: a study based on in situ data and observations
Authors: de Lima Rui L. Pedroso , de Graaf-van Dinther Rutger E. , Boogaard Floris C. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Floating urbanization is a promising solution to reduce the vulnerability of cities against climate change, population growth or land scarcity. Although this type of construction introduces changes to aquatic systems, there is a lack of research studies addressing potential impacts. Water quality data collected under/near floating structures were compared with the corresponding parameters measured at the same depth at open water locations by (i) performing scans with underwater drones equipped with in situ sensors and video cameras and (ii) fixing two sets of continuous measuring in situ sensors for a period of several days/months at both positions. A total of 18 locations with different types of floating structures were considered in this study. Results show small differences in the measured parameters, such as lower dissolved oxygen concentrations or higher temperature measured underneath the floating structures. The magnitudes of these differences seem to be linked with the characteristics and type of water system. Given the wide variety and types of water bodies considered in this study, results suggest that water quality is not critically affected by the presence of the floating houses. Underwater images of biofouling and filter feeders illustrate the lively ecosystems that can emerge shortly after the construction of floating buildings.
Reactions of Group 6 Metal Carbene Complexes with Ylides and Related Dipolar Species
Authors: Alcaide B. , Casarrubiost L. , Dominguezt G. , Sierra M. A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
Among the amazing diversity of reactions discovered on group 6 metal carbene complexes, including now fully synthetically useful reactions, such as D6tz's benzannulation and Hegedus' photochemical ketene generation, the behavior of these complexes towards ylides has been much less studied. In this article, following a brief résumé on the common preparation methods and general reactivity of group 6 carbene complexes, their reactions with ylides and ylide-like derivatives will be reviewed. Three major reaction modes of metal carbenoids with ylides will be discussed: reactions producing new carbene complexes, reactions leading to ketenimine complexes and, finally, those reactions in which the metallic moiety is not present in the final products. The first type is exemplified by the reaction of 1,3-dipoles and a,p-unsaturated complexes. The second class is exclusive of the reactivity of these complexes and isocyanides. The remaining group of reactions is more diverse, and their outcome is determined by the nature of the ylide. So far, SO, NO, NS, NC, and PC ylides have been reported to react with Fischer carbenes. Organic products such as esters, imidates, vinyl ethers, cyclopropanes, and captodative allenes have been isolated in these processes, and their formation, a_s consequence of different reactivity patterns, will be commented through the paper.
Fluorinated Carbohydrates. Some New Aspects in Synthesis and Application
Authors: Dax K. , Albert M. , Ortner J. , Paul B. J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
Recent applications of glycosyl fluorides as donors in controlled di- and oligosaccharide synthesis employing chemical and enzymatic methods are presented. Within the chemical approaches significant contributions have been made by the development of fluorophilic activators displaying high stereoselectivity as well as further improvements in "reactivity fine tuning" by variation of protecting groups. In the field of enzymatic oligosaccharide synthesis progress has been made in regioselective glycosyl transfer to secondary hydroxyl groups. Additionally, promising new approaches employing fluorides derived from monosaccharides with specifically mutated glycosidases or disaccharide derived
fluorides with cellulases, have been developed.
From the numerous contributions regarding the synthesis of deoxy-fluoro aldoses, emphasis is placed upon side-reactions on attempted nucleophilic substitutions. Within this field modification of pentoses at C-2 using the sulfonate/fluoride route or applying diethylaminosulfur trifluoride are discussed. The increasing use of asymmetric synthesis in this field, including a new entry starting from a chiral cis-diol, is noteworthy. Scope and limitations in the synthesis of 2-deoxy-2-fluoro aldoses by electrophilic addition across the double bond of glycals by making use of the new class of N-F-fluorinating agents are presented.
The important role of fluorinated carbohydrates as probes in mechanistic enzyme studies as well as their application in biomedical research is illustrated by several examples.
Combinatorial Strategies for the Discovery of Novel Protease Specificities
Authors: Lien S. , Francis G.L. , Graham L.D. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
This article discusses proven and possible ways to generate novel cleavage specificities in serine proteases using combinatorial mutagenesis, compares the different ways of screening or selecting for desirable mutants, and examines the ways in which combinatorial substrate libraries can be used to gain a more comprehensive insight into protease cleavage preferences. The use of bacteriophage to display both combinatorial protease libraries and combinatorial substrate libraries will be discussed.
Transcription Factors – the Essence of Heart Regeneration:
A Potential Novel Therapeutic Strategy
Authors: Marzoog Basheer Abdullah 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
Myocardial cell injury and following sequelae are the primary reasons for
death globally. Unfortunately, myocardiocytes in adults have limited regeneration
capacity. Therefore, the generation of neo myocardiocytes from non-myocardial cells is
a surrogate strategy. Transcription factors (TFs) can be recruited to achieve this
tremendous goal. Transcriptomic analyses have suggested that GATA, Mef2c, and Tbx5
(GMT cocktail) are master TFs to transdifferentiate/reprogram cell linage of fibroblasts,
somatic cells, mesodermal cells into myocardiocytes. However, adding MESP1,
MYOCD, ESRRG, and ZFPM2 TFs induces the generation of more efficient and
physiomorphological features for induced myocardiocytes. Moreover, the same cocktail
of transcription factors can induce the proliferation and differentiation of
induced/pluripotent stem cells into myocardial cells. Amelioration of impaired myocardial
cells involves the activation of healing transcription factors, which are induced by
inflammation mediators; IL6, tumor growth factor β, and IL22. Transcription factors
regulate the cellular and subcellular physiology of myocardiocytes to include mitotic cell
cycling regulation, karyokinesis and cytokinesis, hypertrophic growth, adult sarcomeric
contractile protein gene expression, fatty acid metabolism, and mitochondrial biogenesis
and maturation. Cell therapy by transcription factors can be applied to cardiogenesis and
ameliorating impaired cardiocytes. Transcription factors are the cornerstone in cell
differentiation.
Anti-Alzheimer’s Activity of Methanolic Tender Green Pod Extract of Cyamopsis Tetragonoloba (L.) Taub. on Scopolamine Induced Amnesia in Mice
Authors: Vivekanandan Lalitha , Murukeasan Rajalakshmi , Natarajan Kiruthiga , Sheik Hajasherief , Singaravel Sengottuvelu , Thangavel Sivakumar 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic and prevalent neurodegenerative
disease that leads to memory loss, especially in the elderly. AD is caused by a lack of acetylcholine
in the brain and oxidative stress. The Cyamopsis tetragonoloba, also known as Guar or cluster
bean, is a legume that belongs to the family Fabaceae. It is cheap, widely consumed as a seasoned
vegetable, and reported to counteract chronic diseases linked to oxidative stress, such as diabetes,
dyslipidemia, inflammation, and ulcer.

Objective:
The present study was undertaken to assess the anti-alzheimer’s activity of a tender
green pod extract of Cyamopsis tetragonoloba on learning and memory impairment induced by
scopolamine.

Methods:
The extract's total phenolic and flavonoid content was determined using a UV-visible
spectrophotometer. The Cyamopsis tetragonoloba methanolic pod extract (CTMPE) at a dose of
100 and 200 mg/kg and donepezil 2.5 mg/kg was administered orally for 7 successive days. On the
seventh day, a single intraperitoneal injection of scopolamine was used to induce dementia. The
behavioral experiments included an elevated plus maze, step-through passive avoidance, radial arm
maze, and Y-maze tests were conducted. The mice were sacrificed and acetylcholine, acetylcholinesterase,
and oxidative stress markers were measured in brain homogenate.

Results:
The total phenolic and flavonoid content was found as 12.9 mg of GAE/g and 1.71 mg of
QE/g, respectively. Scopolamine caused memory deterioration, as well as changes in acetylcholine,
acetylcholinesterase, and increased oxidative stress in the brain. Mice pretreatment with
CTMPE at both doses attenuated scopolamine-induced behavioral, neurochemical, and oxidative
changes in a similar way to donepezil.

Conclusion:
The CTMPE showed an anti-amnesic effect that makes it a promising candidate targeting
multiple events as a potential strategy to curb the progression of cognitive impairment.
Teaching Students About Plagiarism Using a Serious Game (Plagi-Warfare): Design and Evaluation Study
Authors: Ade-Ibijola Abejide , Young Keagan , Sivparsad Nashik , Seforo Mpho , Ally Suhail , Olowolafe Adebola , Frahm-Arp Maria 
Published: February 2022

Background
Educational games have been proven to support the teaching of various concepts across disciplines. Plagiarism is a major problem among undergraduate and postgraduate students at universities.

Objective
In this paper, we propose a game called Plagi-Warfare that attempts to teach students about plagiarism.

Methods
To do this at a level that is beyond quizzes, we proposed a game storyline and mechanics that allow the player (or student) to play as a mafia member or a detective. This either demonstrated their knowledge by plagiarizing within the game as a mafia member or catching plagiarists within the game as a detective. The game plays out in a 3D environment representing the major libraries of the University of Johannesburg, South Africa. In total, 30 students were selected to evaluate the game.

Results
Evaluation of the game mechanics and storyline showed that the student gamers enjoyed the game and learned about plagiarism.

Conclusions
In this paper, we presented a new educational game that teaches students about plagiarism by using a new crime story and an immersive 3D gaming environment representing the libraries of the University of Johannesburg.