bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of mothers' distress and emotional eating on calories served to themselves and their young children: An experimental study
Authors: Warnick Jennifer , Cardel Michelle , Jones Laura , Gonzalez‐Louis Rachel , Janicke David 
Published: January 2022

SummaryBackgroundParents play a significant role in children's eating behaviours and food environment. Emotional eating (i.e., eating due to/to cope with emotions regardless of hunger) can contribute to excess energy consumption and subsequent weight gain. Yet, there is a paucity of research examining mothers' feeding and eating behaviours in the presence of their young children during times of acute distress.ObjectiveThe current study examined whether manipulated maternal mood impacted subsequent eating and parental‐feeding in mothers with overweight or obesity with their preschool aged children in a laboratory‐based experiment.MethodsMothers (n = 47) with overweight or obesity and their preschool aged children were randomized to either an acute distress or control group. After completing a task which manipulated mothers' moods, respectively, dyads were offered a buffet of snack foods. Measures of mothers' reported emotional eating and distress were collected, and calories served and consumed were objectively measured.ResultsThere were no between‐group differences regarding calories served or consumed. Mothers across both groups who reported higher emotional eating served themselves (p = 0.014) and their children (p = 0.007) less food, and mothers consumed less food (p = 0.045). Mothers who reported higher emotional eating and increased acute distress fed their children less food (p = 0.02) and both children and mothers ate less food (p < 0.05).ConclusionsResults suggest that mothers who report emotional eating tendencies may feed their children less food during periods of acute distress.
Hospitalization rate of respiratory syncytial virus‐associated acute lower respiratory infection among young children in Suzhou, China, 2010–2014
Authors: Ren Shaolong , Shi Ting , Shan Wei , Shen Si , Chen Qinghui , Zhang Wanqing , Dai Zirui , Xue Jian , Zhang Tao , Tian Jianmei , Zhao Genming 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is a limited amount of data in China on the disease burden of respiratory syncytial virus‐ (RSV) associated acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) among young children. This study aimed to estimate the hospitalization rate of RSV‐associated ALRI (RSV‐ALRI) among children aged 0–59 months in Suzhou, China.MethodsAll cases from children hospitalized with ALRI who were aged 0–59 months in Suzhou University Affiliated Children's Hospital during January 2010 to December 2014 were retrospectively identified. Detailed diagnosis and treatment data were collected by reviewing each individual's medical chart. In accordance with the World Health Organization (WHO) influenza disease burden estimation, the hospitalization rate of RSV‐ALRI among children aged 0–59 months in Suzhou, China, was then estimated.ResultsOut of the 28,209 ALRI cases, 19,317 (68.5%) were tested for RSV, of which the RSV positive proportion was 21.3% (4107/19,317). The average hospitalization rate of RSV‐ALRI for children aged 0–59 months was 14 (95% confidence interval [CI]:14–14)/1000 children years, and that for children aged 0–5, 6–11, 12–23, and 24–59 months were 70 (95% CI: 67–73), 31 (95% CI: 29–33), 11 (95% CI: 10–12), and 3 (95% CI: 3–3)/1000 children years, respectively.ConclusionA considerable degree of RSV‐ALRI hospitalization exists among children aged 0–59 months, particularly in those under 1 year of age. Therefore, an effective monoclonal antibody or vaccine is urgently needed to address the substantial hospitalization burden of RSV infection.
Lower rates of endoscopy and higher mortality in end‐stage renal disease patients with gastrointestinal bleeding: A propensity matched national study
Authors: Garg Rajat , Parikh Malav P , Chadalvada Pravallika , Singh Amandeep , Sanaka Krishna , Ahuja Keerat R , Aggarwal Manik , Veluvolu Rajesh , Vignesh Shivakumar , Rustagi Tarun 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackground and AimPatients with end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis are considered to be at higher risk of gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) as compared with those without renal disease (NRD). We conducted a population‐based study using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database to study the outcomes of GIB in ESRD.MethodsPatients admitted with GIB (upper and lower) from 2005 to 2013 were extracted from the NIS database using ICD‐9 codes. Patients were divided into NRD and ESRD groups, and a 1:1 propensity matched analysis was performed. Various outcomes were compared in both groups, and subgroup analysis based on the timing of endoscopy was also performed.ResultsA total of 218 032 patients were included in the study. There was an increase in inpatient admissions among ESRD patients with GIB with significant reduction in mortality (P < 0.001). In‐hospital mortality, length of stay, and total costs were significantly higher in ESRD patients as compared with NRD. ESRD patients were less likely to undergo endoscopic evaluation compared with NRD (P < 0.001). Late endoscopy (> 48 h) was associated with increased need for transfusion and health‐care utilization but without a significant difference in mortality as compared with early endoscopy. On multivariate analysis, endoscopy was associated with significantly lower rate of mortality in ESRD patients with GIB (odds ratio 0.28, P < 0.0001).ConclusionEnd‐stage renal disease patients with GIB had a significantly higher rate of mortality and a higher health‐care utilization with a lower rate of endoscopic evaluation. Endoscopy was associated with a lower mortality rate on multivariate analysis.
Relevance of c‐Src and protein phosphatase 2A to aromatase activity: Evidence of an acute self‐regulating oestrogenic signalling complex in rat central nervous system
Authors: Storman Emiliya M. , Liu Nai‐Jiang , Gintzler Alan R. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe previously reported that aromatase protein levels do not parallel aromatase enzyme activity. This suggests that oestrogenic signalling may be modulated via post‐translational modification of aromatase protein. The tyrosine and serine phosphorylation state of aromatase are known to influence its activity. To investigate the possible relevance of aromatase phosphorylation to the incongruity observed between aromatase protein and its activity, we explored interactions between aromatase and the tyrosine kinase c‐Src and the serine protein phosphatases 2A and 5 (PP2A and PP5), as well as the relationship between levels of tyrosine‐phosphorylated aromatase and the extrapolated aromatase activity. We found that (a) hypothalamic aromatase was significantly more heavily tyrosine‐phosphorylated than spinal aromatase; (b) aromatase was oligomerized with c‐Src and PP2A/PP5, potentially activating aromatase via tyrosine‐phosphorylation and serine‐dephosphorylation; (c) the associations of c‐Src and PP2A/PP5 with hypothalamic aromatase were substantially greater than with spinal aromatase; and (d) aromatase, oestrogen receptor α, PP2A, and c‐Src were present in a common membrane oligomer. The existence of c‐Src and PP2A in an oligomer that also contains aromatase and membrane oestrogen receptor α (and presumably other signalling molecules) indicates the presence in the CNS of a potentially self‐regulating oestrogenic signalling unit. The degree to which such a complex operates autonomously and the regulatory factors thereof are likely to have substantial physiological implications and clinical relevance.
Neonatal early‐onset sepsis calculator safety in an Australian tertiary perinatal centre
Authors: Scott Philip A , Lai Melissa , Inglis Garry D T , Davies Mark W 
Published: January 2022

AimTo determine if any cases of culture‐positive neonatal early‐onset sepsis (EOS) would be missed using the neonatal EOS calculator, when compared with current guidelines and practices.MethodsRetrospective audit of all neonates born at ≥35 weeks and admitted to Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital with EOS from January 2014 to December 2020. A missed case was defined as antibiotic therapy not being recommended within 24 h of birth. Management recommendations according to the neonatal EOS calculator were compared with current guidelines and current practices.ResultsThere were significantly more missed cases using the neonatal EOS calculator compared to the current guideline and current management groups. Using the neonatal EOS calculator, 11 neonates (35%, 95% confidence interval 19.2–54.6%) would not have received antibiotics by 24 h of age. In comparison, only one neonate (3%, 95% confidence interval 0.1–16.7%) would not have received antibiotics by 24 h of age using the current guidelines. In terms of the current practice in the cohort of patients, two neonates (6%) did not receive antibiotics by 24 h of age.ConclusionsThe significantly higher rate of missed cases using the neonatal EOS calculator compared with current guidelines and practice supports the concerns many neonatologists have regarding safety of the neonatal EOS calculator.
Ocean acidification alters the nutritional value of Antarctic diatoms
Authors: Duncan Rebecca J. , Nielsen Daniel A. , Sheehan Cristin E. , Deppeler Stacy , Hancock Alyce M. , Schulz Kai G. , Davidson Andrew T. , Petrou Katherina 
Published: January 2022

Summary

Primary production in the Southern Ocean is dominated by diatom‐rich phytoplankton assemblages, whose individual physiological characteristics and community composition are strongly shaped by the environment, yet knowledge on how diatoms allocate cellular energy in response to ocean acidification (OA) is limited. Understanding such changes in allocation is integral to determining the nutritional quality of diatoms and the subsequent impacts on the trophic transfer of energy and nutrients.

Using synchrotron‐based Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy, we analysed the macromolecular content of selected individual diatom taxa from a natural Antarctic phytoplankton community exposed to a gradient of fCO2 levels (288–1263 µatm).

Strong species‐specific differences in macromolecular partitioning were observed under OA. Large taxa showed preferential energy allocation towards proteins, while smaller taxa increased both lipid and protein stores at high fCO2.

If these changes are representative of future Antarctic diatom physiology, we may expect a shift away from lipid‐rich large diatoms towards a community dominated by smaller taxa, but with higher lipid and protein stores than their present‐day contemporaries, a response that could have cascading effects on food web dynamics in the Antarctic marine ecosystem.
Greasing the inflammatory pathogenesis of viral pneumonias in diabetes
Authors: Damen Michelle S. M. A. , Alarcon Pablo C. , Shah Amy S. , Divanovic Senad 
Published: January 2022

SummaryType 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity are independent risk factors for increased morbidity and mortality associated with influenza and SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Skewed cellular metabolism shapes immune cell inflammatory responsiveness and function in obesity, T2D, and infection. However, altered immune cell responsiveness and levels of systemic proinflammatory mediators, partly independent of peripheral immune cell contribution, are linked with SARS‐CoV‐2‐associated disease severity. Despite such knowledge, the role of tissue parenchymal cell‐driven inflammatory responses, and specifically those dominantly modified in obesity (e.g., adipocytes), in influenza and SARS‐CoV‐2 infection pathogenesis remain poorly defined. Whether obesity‐dependent skewing of adipocyte cellular metabolism uncovers inflammatory clades and promotes the existence of a ‘pathogenic‐inflammatory’ adipocyte phenotype that amplifies SARS‐CoV‐2 infection diseases severity in individuals with obesity and individuals with obesity and T2D has not been examined. Here, using the knowledge gained from studies of immune cell responses in obesity, T2D, and infection, we highlight the key knowledge gaps underlying adipocyte cellular functions that may sculpt and grease pathogenic processes associated with influenza and SARS‐CoV‐2 disease severity in diabetes.
LIFE‐Seq: a universal Large Integrated DNA Fragment Enrichment Sequencing strategy for deciphering the transgene integration of genetically modified organisms
Authors: Zhang Hanwen , Li Rong , Guo Yongkun , Zhang Yuchen , Zhang Dabing , Yang Litao 
Published: January 2022

SummaryMolecular characterization of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) yields basic information on exogenous DNA integration, including integration sites, entire inserted sequences and structures, flanking sequences and copy number, providing key data for biosafety assessment. However, there are few effective methods for deciphering transgene integration, especially for large DNA fragment integration with complex rearrangement, inversion and tandem repeats. Herein, we developed a universal Large Integrated DNA Fragments Enrichment strategy combined with PacBio Sequencing (LIFE‐Seq) for deciphering transgene integration in GMOs. Universal tilling DNA probes targeting transgenic elements and exogenous genes facilitate specific enrichment of large inserted DNA fragments associated with transgenes from plant genomes, followed by PacBio sequencing. LIFE‐Seq were evaluated using six GM events and four crop species. Target DNA fragments averaging ~6275 bp were enriched and sequenced, generating ~26 352 high fidelity reads for each sample. Transgene integration structures were determined with high repeatability and sensitivity. Compared with next‐generation whole‐genome sequencing, LIFE‐Seq achieved better data integrity and accuracy, greater universality and lower cost, especially for transgenic crops with complex inserted DNA structures. LIFE‐Seq could be applied in molecular characterization of transgenic crops and animals, and complex DNA structure analysis in genetics research.
Iatrogenic Cushing syndrome due to topical corticosteroids after skin graft surgery for giant nevus: A case report
Authors: Katsura Minori , Sato Takeshi , Morita Kumiko , Ishii Tomohiro , Kishi Kazuo , Hasegawa Tomonobu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIatrogenic Cushing syndrome (ICS) may be caused by exposure to corticosteroid therapy. We report a case of ICS caused by topical corticosteroids applied to the skin after skin graft surgery. We presume that the development of ICS, in this case, was attributed to a combination of skin barrier disruption, usage of high‐potency corticosteroids, broad application area/ large quantity of the corticosteroid, and the extended treatment period. Patients may be at risk for ICS after extensive skin graft surgery if large amounts of very potent topical corticosteroids are applied for an extended period to prevent scar formation or relieve itching.
Evaluation of reference genes for RT‐qPCR gene expression analysis inArabidopsis thalianaexposed to elevated temperatures
Authors: Škiljaica A. , Jagić M. , Vuk T. , Leljak Levanić D. , Bauer N. , Markulin L. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTIncreases in environmental temperature are directly linked to the issue of climate change and are known to significantly disrupt plant growth and development. Studies of gene expression in plants commonly include RT‐qPCR but the reliability of the method depends on the use of suitable reference genes for data normalization. Despite this, no reference genes have been validated specifically for experiments inArabidopsis thalianaemploying treatments with elevated temperature.Here, ten genes were selected for expression stability analysis based on the screening of available literature and microarray data from temperature‐treatedA. thaliana. Expression levels of candidate reference genes were measured in 12‐day‐old seedlings, rosette leaves and flower buds of 5‐week‐oldA. thalianaplants exposed to five different temperatures (22°C, 27°C, 32°C, 37°C and 42°C) and their expression stabilities were assessed using four statistical algorithms (BestKeeper, geNorm, NormFinder and comparative ΔCqmethod).This study provides reliable reference genes for use inA. thalianaRT‐qPCR expression analyses employing elevated temperature treatments, namelyOGIOandPUX7in seedlings,UBC21andPUX7in leaves,TIP41andUBC21in buds, andTIP41andUBC21in all three tissues combined.Orthologues of these genes can be of potential use in less studied plants, especially agricultural species heavily affected by climate change.
Nitrogen nutrition modifies the susceptibility of Arabidopsis thaliana to the necrotrophic fungus, Alternaria brassicicola
Authors: Barrit Thibault , Porcher Alexis , Cukier Caroline , Satour Pascale , Guillemette Thomas , Limami Anis M. , Teulat Béatrice , Campion Claire , Planchet Elisabeth 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe impact of the form of nitrogen (N) source (nitrate versus ammonium) on the susceptibility to Alternaria brassicicola, a necrotrophic fungus, has been examined in Arabidopsis thaliana at the rosette stage. Nitrate nutrition was found to increase fungal lesions considerably. There was a similar induction of defence gene expression following infection under both N nutritions, except for the phytoalexin deficient 3 gene, which was overexpressed with nitrate. Nitrate also led to a greater nitric oxide production occurring in planta during the saprophytic growth and lower nitrate reductase (NIA1) expression 7 days after inoculation. This suggests that nitrate reductase‐dependent nitric oxide production had a dual role, whereby, despite its known role in the generic response to pathogens, it affected plant metabolism, and this facilitated fungal infection. In ammonium‐grown plants, infection with A. brassicicola induced a stronger gene expression of ammonium transporters and significantly reduced the initially high ammonium content in the leaves. There was a significant interaction between N source and inoculation (presence versus absence of the fungus) on the total amino acid content, while N nutrition reconfigured the spectrum of major amino acids. Typically, a higher content of total amino acid, mainly due to a stronger increase in asparagine and glutamine, is observed under ammonium nutrition while, in nitrate‐fed plants, glutamate was the only amino acid which content increased significantly after fungal inoculation. N nutrition thus appears to control fungal infection via a complex set of signalling and nutritional events, shedding light on how nitrate availability can modulate disease susceptibility.
No evidence for a modulating effect of continuous transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on markers of noradrenergic activity
Authors: D'Agostini Martina , Burger Andreas M. , Villca Ponce Gustavo , Claes Stephan , von Leupoldt Andreas , Van Diest Ilse 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAlthough transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) is thought to increase central noradrenergic activity, findings supporting such mechanism are scarce and inconsistent. This study aimed to investigate whether taVNS modulates indirect markers of phasic and tonic noradrenergic activity. Sixty‐six healthy participants performed a novelty auditory oddball task twice on separate days: once while receiving taVNS (left cymba concha), once during sham (left earlobe) stimulation. To maximize potential effects, the stimulation was delivered continuously (frequency: 25 Hz; width: 250 μs) at an intensity individually calibrated to the maximal level below pain threshold. The stimulation was administered 10 min before the oddball task and maintained throughout the session. Event‐related pupil dilation (ERPD) to target stimuli and pre‐stimulus baseline pupil size were assessed during the oddball task as markers of phasic and tonic noradrenergic activity, respectively. Prior to and at the end of stimulation, tonic pupil size at rest, cortisol, and salivary alpha‐amylase were assessed as markers of tonic noradrenergic activity. Finally, we explored the effect of taVNS on cardiac vagal activity, respiratory rate, and salivary flow rate. Results showed a greater ERPD to both target and novelty compared to standard stimuli in the oddball task. In contrast to our hypotheses, taVNS did not impact any of the tested markers. Our findings strongly suggest that continuous stimulation of the cymba concha with the tested stimulation parameters is ineffective to increase noradrenergic activity via a vagal pathway.
Antibody responses to inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine in peritoneal dialysis patients
Authors: Murt Ahmet , Altiparmak Mehmet R. , Ozbey Dogukan , Yalin Serkan F. , Sert Yadigar Serap , Karaali Ridvan , Kocazeybek Bekir , Saltoglu Nese , Pekpak Meltem , Ataman Muveddet R. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionAs end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) patients generally have reduced responses to the vaccines, effectiveness of newly developed SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines in ESRD are also matters of curiosity. We aimed to investigate the humoral responses of our peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients to the inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine.MethodsHumoral immune responses of 23 PD patients who received two doses of the inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine were investigated with a commercial test that measures IgG antibodies towards receptor binding domain of SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein. Seropositivity rates, antibody titers, and ESRD related clinical data were compared with 51 hemodialysis (HD) patients and 29 healthy volunteers.ResultsSeropositivity of PD patients with the inactivated vaccine was 95.6%. Both the rate of seropositivity and SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG antibody levels in PD patients were not different from the healthy controls (p = 0.85 and 0.19, respectively). While seropositivity rates were not different for PD or HD patients (p = 0.09), the magnitude of humoral responses was significantly higher in PD patients (p = 0.0001). There were no vaccine‐related serious adverse events. In the 3‐months clinical follow‐up, none of the patients experienced SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.ConclusionTwo doses of the inactivated vaccine generate adequate humoral immune response in PD patients without any serious adverse events.
Prevalence of carbapenemase‐producing organisms among hospitalized solid organ transplant recipients, five US hospitals, 2019–2020
Authors: Chan June L. , Nazarian Elizabeth , Musser Kimberlee A. , Snavely Emily A. , Fung Monica , Doernberg Sarah B. , Pouch Stephanie M. , Leekha Surbhi , Anesi Judith A. , Kodiyanplakkal Rosy Priya L. , Turbett Sarah E. , Spalding Walters Maroya , Epstein Lauren 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundPassive reporting to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has identified carbapenemase‐producing organisms (CPOs) among solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients, potentially representing an emerging source of spread. We analyzed CPO prevalence in wards where SOT recipients receive inpatient care to inform public health action to prevent transmission.MethodsFrom September 2019 to June 2020, five US hospitals conducted consecutive point prevalence surveys (PPS) of all consenting patients admitted to transplant units, regardless of transplant status. We used the Cepheid Xpert Carba‐R assay to identify carbapenemase genes (blaKPC, blaNDM, blaVIM, blaIMP, blaOXA‐48) from rectal swabs. Laboratory‐developed molecular tests were used to retrospectively test for a wider range of blaIMP and blaOXA variants.ResultsIn total, 154 patients were screened and 92 (60%) were SOT recipients. CPOs were detected among 7 (8%) SOT recipients, from two of five screened hospitals: four blaKPC, one blaNDM, and two blaOXA‐23. CPOs were detected in two (3%) of 62 non‐transplant patients. In three of five participating hospitals, CPOs were not identified among any patients admitted to transplant units.ConclusionsLongitudinal surveillance in transplant units, as well as PPS in areas with diverse CPO epidemiology, may inform the utility of routine screening in SOT units to prevent the spread of CPOs.