bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Legal regulatory anti-discrimination in job advertising: national and foreign experience
Authors: Bodnaruk M.I. , Burka A.V. 
Published: December 2022

Despite the fact that in national legislation there is a direct, general ban on the use in advertising of statements and/or images that are discriminatory, as well as directly making claims of a discriminatory nature on the basis of race, skin color, gender, age, state of health, sexual orientation, etc. in advertisements about available vacancies, the latter (discriminatory job advertisements) will continue to be an "integral attribute" of the employment process. It is worth noting that discrimination against employees/candidates in job advertisements is widespread not only in Ukraine. Every country to a certain degree or another faces this type of discrimination, and as a result, the requirements are set at the legislative level for job advertisements, namely: their content, place of publication; cases are prescribed in detail, when advantages are still allowed for one or another reason; liability of employers for violations of legislation.
The article provides a concise retrospective analysis of national legislative requirements regarding the prohibition of discrimination in the advertising of employment services; the provisions of the regulatory acts establishing the procedure for prosecuting advertisers for violations of anti-discrimination norms were analyzed. It was concluded that, in general, the changes made to the current legislation in the field of advertisers' responsibility deserve a positive assessment, but the question of the effectiveness of fines in the real fight against discrimination in practice remains open.
A study of the existing legal requirements for job advertisements and liability for their violation in such countries as the USA, Australia, France, Germany, Great Britain was carried out. The comparative legal analysis of national and foreign legislation made it possible to conclude that: 1) the list of signs for which discrimination in job advertisements is prohibited is almost similar; 2) foreign legislation, generally, defines in sufficient detail the possibility of deviating from anti-discrimination requirements, in contrast to national legislation; 3) in foreign practice, there are also requirements regarding the place of publication, placement of advertisements, failure to comply with which may indicate hidden or indirect discrimination, but in Ukraine, as of today, there are no such requirements; 4) responsibility, as in Ukraine, in most cases comes in the form of fines, although warnings are also possible.
Peculiarities of the legal composition of administrative offenses related to corruption
Authors: Drofych Yu.V. 
Published: December 2022

The doctrine of the composition of an administrative offense occupies one of the central places in administrative and legal science and has great practical importance, which is primarily due to the definition of the signs of an illegal act, distinguishing it from other types of offenses and applying appropriate measures of responsibility to guilty persons. It was determined that an administrative offense (misdemeanor) is a legal fact that is formed from normative and factual components, which formally causes the emergence of administrative-delict legal relations that cause the guilty person to be held administratively liable.
The article examines the peculiarities of the legal composition of administrative offenses related to corruption based on the analysis of doctrinal and normative sources.
It was determined that the direct object of offenses related to corruption are public relations protected by the sanctions of specific articles of Chapter 13-A of the Code of Criminal Procedure.
It is emphasized that the absence or non-compliance with the procedural element of a misdemeanor, which consists in proving by the competent bodies of public administration, their officials (officials) the fact of committing an illegal act, enshrined in the relevant procedural documents, nullifies the implementation of the mentioned elements, making it impossible to impose a certain administrative penalty.
Validity of the administrative act: conditions and rules
Authors: Turchak А.M. 
Published: December 2022

The article analyzes the doctrinal and regulatory provisions regarding the rules of validity of the administrative act and the features of bringing its content to the attention of the relevant addressees. It is noted that the author does not support the thesis that the validity of an administrative act should be separated from its effect. It is seen that the specificity of an administrative act, which mainly consists in its individual nature, does not give grounds to extend to it the peculiarities of the entry into force and operation of laws, which, as is known, are acts of a general nature. Actually, such specificity of the administrative act, its focus on solving a specific situation gives grounds for the reverse conclusion that the moment of entry into force and the effect of the administrative act actually coincide and, as some researchers correctly note, there is no sense in distinguishing the specified categories. At the same time, it should be added that the requirements for the administrative act and the rules of its validity should not be equated with each other and an equal sign should be placed between them. The first, that is, the requirements for the act, are factors of its legality, which, among other things, affect its validity and effect, while the rules of validity, on the other hand, relate to the moment of its entry into force
It is noted that administrative acts containing errors or other defects, depending on the nature of the defects and the resulting legal consequences, are disputable and void. It is noted that in some sources disputed acts are called objectionable or disputed. However, such a name is not entirely correct, since an act containing errors or defects does not always become the subject of an appeal, that is, it is actually challenged or denied. In this regard, it is proposed to use the term controversial, rather than objectionable (disputed) act, i.e. one that contains controversial provisions that can potentially be contested.
It has been established that disputed are those administrative acts that have entered into force, but have defects that call into question the legality of the act and can be challenged in an administrative or judicial procedure. In turn, an administrative act adopted by an administrative body is null and void if it contains obvious significant deficiencies, the list of which is established by law. Unlike a disputed act, a void administrative act does not enter into force.
Comparative legal characteristics of the penitentiary systems of England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales
Authors: Shulika V.I. 
Published: December 2022

The article provides a general analysis of the legal acts regulating the activities of the UK penitentiary, the list and importance for the effective functioning of the UK penitentiary is indicated. The author performed a comparative legal analysis of the main legal acts regulating the penitentiary systems of England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. The special regulatory framework on the basis of which the penitentiary systems of England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales operate is identified and clarified. The list of bodies and officials managing, supervising and controlling the activities of penal institutions in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales has been also determined.
Considerable attention was paid to the description and comparison of the powers of the Secretary of State and the Her Majesty’s Chief Inspector of Prisons, other officials and authorities of the penitentiary systems of England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales, which made it possible to distinguish the differences in the powers exercised by them in the territory of each of the described territory. The proposed article, based on the performed comparative legal analysis and the identification of common and distinctive features of the penitentiary systems of England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales, indicates the ways of potential optimization of the management of the penitentiary system of Ukraine in the context of the reform of the penitentiary system of Ukraine, which has been ongoing since 2016 and continues today.
The author proposed a comparative table in the sequence "administrative-territorial unit - bodies that manage, supervise and control the activities of penal institutions - name of the document / number of the article". Based on a comprehensive comparative analysis of the legal framework, a list of common and distinctive (special) features of the management of penitentiary systems in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales was synthesized. A whole spectrum of special, sometimes unique aspects of the functioning of the penitentiary systems of England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales was singled out and compared with the peculiarities of the functioning of the penitentiary system of Ukraine.
International legal frameworks of cooperation between Ukraine and FRONTEX
Authors: Hnitii A.O. 
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the research of the main directions of cooperation between Ukraine and the European Border and Coast Guard Agency (FRONTEX). The main acts of international and national legislation that determine the legal framework and regulate the mechanisms of interaction are analyzed. The article notes the dual role of FRONTEX in cooperation with Ukraine, which involves both direct interaction with the national competent authority in the field of migration and border management, and through the provision of support based on international agreements.
The author points out four main mechanisms of cooperation between the Agency and the SBGS, namely: 1) operational cooperation through information exchange networks; 2) cooperation within EU initiatives; 3) cooperation within technical assistance projects initiated and financed by the Agency; 4) cooperation on the basis of working The author singles out four main mechanisms of cooperation between the Agency and the DPSU, namely: 1) operational cooperation through information exchange networks; 2) cooperation within EU initiatives; 3) cooperation within technical assistance projects initiated and financed by the Agency; 4) cooperation on the basis of working arrangements. The last of the listed mechanisms is the most effective and includes such areas of cooperation as information exchange, personnel training, interaction in the scientific and research sphere, joint operational activities, etc. At the same time, the article notes that changes in migration processes, expansion of the Agency's mandate, strengthening of cooperation between FRONTEX and Ukraine require improvement of legal regulation. It is proposed to review the Working Arrangement on operational cooperation between FRONTEX and the DPSU and to establish in it a number of important elements that will apply to the rules of information exchange, including confidential; processing and protection of personal data; guarantees of protection of fundamental rights; conditions and procedures for financing activities coordinated by the Agency; dispatch of liaison officers, etc.
The author emphasizes that the conclusion of an updated version of the Working Arrangement on Operational Cooperation and the signing of the Status Agreement should be important measures that will contribute to the approximation of national legislation and law enforcement practice to European standards in the field of protection and surveillance of borders.
Lo económico como espacio de indeterminación o de conflicto. Análisis de un tratado monetario bajomedieval: el De moneta de Nicolás de Oresme. Resumen de tesis de doctorado en Filosofía de Julián Giglio
Authors: Giglio Julián 
Published: December 2022

Lo económico como espacio de indeterminación o de conflicto. Análisis de un tratado monetario bajomedieval: el De moneta de Nicolás de Oresme. Resumen de tesis de doctorado en Filosofía de Julián Giglio
Tea Trade in Russian Empire in Middle of 19th Century
Authors: Abdrakhmanov K. A. 
Published: December 2022

The business activity of merchants of the middle of the 19th century, who chose the tea trade as the main area of their investments, is investigated. The analysis of the Russian tea trade in the middle of the 19th century in the context of its organizational specifics is very limitedly presented in Russian historiography, which confirms the novelty of this scientific study. The key moments of the organization of trade operations with the Chinese in Kyakhta are considered. The range of problems typical for the entrepreneurial practice of tea merchants of this era is presented and analyzed. Emphasis is placed on the trade in smuggled tea and the production of its surrogate versions as the main obstacles to the productive work of the tea market in the interests of the merchants and the state. It is noted that the trade in illegal goods was carried out by colleagues who did not know how or did not want to make a profit in an honest way, and the marginal phenomenon itself was so massive that the merchants could not liquidate the illegal market on their own. As a result, in order to resolve many issues, merchants had to interact with various structures of the country’s authorities. It is shown that the remote format of interaction between large entrepreneurs and their sales agents in Kyakhta had certain inconveniences and brought profits to tea business owners much less than the possible maximum.
Kiselevsky Coal Mine in Kuzbass in Mid-1930s: Local Periodicals
Authors: Karpinets A. Yu. 
Published: December 2022

The problems of the formation of the Russian-Kazakh border line are considered. An analysis of the current territorial claims and risks from neighboring states to the Russian Federation, as well as the current state of affairs in society, science and politics in relation to the Russian-Kazakh border is made. Information, confirmed by archival materials, is analyzed on the demarcation processes carried out in the Soviet period along the entire line of contact between the two states. The main factors that influenced the formation of borders are studied, as well as the complexity of the controversial issues and the existing ways to solve them are shown. It is concluded that the current state border between Russia and Kazakhstan was formed in the 1920s—1930s by leveling the vast majority of controversial issues, on the basis of their comprehensive consideration of various authorities. At the same time, the historically substantiated data presented in the article show the inconsistency of the current claims of the national elites of the Kazakh side, proving the historical legitimacy of the existing Russian-Kazakh border line. It is concluded that the state authorities of Russia and Kazakhstan do not raise the issue of borders, which contributes to maintaining stability in relations between the two states.
Qualities and “Anti-Qualities” of Speech: Representation in Ideographic Dictionary
Authors: Voronina T. M. 
Published: December 2022

The study of speech from a communicative point of view, namely its communicatively significant qualities, the implementation of the functions of communication and influence, is important primarily in the cultural and speech aspect. Specialists have developed criteria for good speech and requirements for it (informativeness, correctness, accuracy, consistency, relevance, purity, intelligibility, richness, ethics, expressiveness). The purpose of this study is to analyze the specifics of ideas about the qualities of speech in a naive linguistic consciousness. The material of the study is the data obtained in the process of working on the project “Universal Thesaurus of the Russian Language”, which is currently being developed by specialists from the Ural Semantic School under the guidance of prof. L. G. Babenko. Materials from other explanatory and ideographic dictionaries are also used. Among the identified lexemes with the meaning of speech characteristics, first of all, those that are connected by synonymous relations, i.e. are responsible for detailing, concretizing these characteristics. In addition, both compliance and non-compliance with the requirements for good speech, i.e., both its qualities and “anti-qualities”, are marked by linguistic means, which indicates the importance of these opposing characteristics; therefore, attention is also paid to antonymic pairs and groups of words.
Demands and Challenges of Publication of Scientific Writing for Arabic Language and Literature Students
Authors: Abidin Zaenal , Nuur Khaerun Nisa , Satrianingsih Andi , Arifin Nur 
Published: December 2022

This study aims to describe the competence of Arabic Language and Literature students at Faculty of Adab and Humanaties of UIN Alauddin in producing scientific papers by testing the effectiveness of demands and confirming the challenges faced. The focus of the objects and data sources of this study were students majoring in Arabic in semesters 5 and 7 who were found randomly or random sampling. Presentation of data is done descriptively. Data analysis and drawing conclusions are done inductively. The results of the research show that Arabic Language and Literature (BSA) students are not aware of the opportunities they have to conduct research and produce scientific papers (KTI). This has implications for the increasing challenges they face, because in addition to their inability to utilize a number of supporting facilities, they also lack research and writing experience. In fact, because the inability to seize opportunities makes them less motivated and weak in interest.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kompetensi mahasiswa Bahasa dan Sastra Arab Fakultas Adab dan Humaniora UIN Alauddin dalam menghasilkan karya tulis ilmiah dengan menguji efektivitas tuntutan dan mengkonfirmasi tantangan yang dihadapi. Fokus objek dan sumber data penelitian ini ialah mahasiswa jurusan Bahasa Arab semester 5 dan 7 yang ditemukan secara acak atau random sampling. Penyajian data dilakukan secara deskriptif. Analisis data dan penarikan kesimpulan dilakukan secara induktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kurang sadarnya mahasiswa Bahasa dan Sastra Arab (BSA) terhadap peluang yang mereka miliki untuk melakukan penelitian dan menghasilkan karya tulis ilmiah (KTI). Hal itu berimplikasi terhadap bertambahnya tantangan yang mereka hadapi, sebab di samping ketidakmampuan memanfaatkan sejumlah fasilitas pendukung, juga minimnya pengalaman meneliti dan menulis. Bahkan karena ketidakmampuan menangkap peluang menjadikan mereka kurang motivasi dan lemah minat.
Kata Kunci: Tuntutan; Tantangan; Karya tulis ilmiah
Pengaruh Media Ajar Interaktif dalam Pengajaran Sistem Tubuh Manusia di SDN 01 Sawahan Kota Padang
Authors: Rusydi Muhammad Ilhamdi , Ananta Sandri Devianda , Chandra Riko , Fairuz Faadhilah Avelia , Lizzikrillah Khairunnisa , Noberlam Dasyura Robbi , Shalsabila Vinoza 
Published: December 2022

Media ajar berperan penting dalam memberi pemahaman sebuah materi kepada siswa. Guru kelas lima SDN 01 Sawahan, Padang mengalami permasalahan dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (IPA) mengenai Sistem Tubuh Manusia. Selama ini pembelajaran masih menggunakan media ajar konvensional yaitu gambar dua dimensi tubuh manusia dan patung manusia. Hal ini menyebabkan siswa terkendala dalam memahami proses yang terjadi di dalam sistem tubuh manusia karena media ajar sebelumnya bersifat statis dan tidak interaktif. Untuk mengatasi kendala tersebut,dirancang sebuah situs web pembelajaran bernama TEORITY yang dapat membantu guru dalam mengajar sistem tubuh manusia secara visual dan rinci. Materi website membantu siswa dalam memahami sisi dalam dan sisi luar organ dalam tubuh.Situs web TEORITY di laman www.teoritypkmunand.ikonyoa.com telah dirancang dengan fitur menarik seperti animasi, kuis, dan permainan edukatif yang dapat membantu siswa memahami materi sistem tubuh secara visual dan rinci. Dari uji coba yang telah dilakukan dapat diamati bahwa situs web TEORITY yang dirancang berhasil memudahkan guru dalam menjelaskan materi sistem tubuh secara visual,rinci dan interaktif. Sesuai dengan hasil ini pihak sekolah berencana untuk menggunakan dan mengembangkan situs web ini kedepannya dengan bekerja sama dengan Tim pembuat situs web TEORITY
Pengembangan Website Untuk Peningkatan Kemampuan Promosi Dan Komunikasi Pondok Pesantren Modern Terpadu Dr. Muhammad Natsir Alahan Panjang Kabupaten Solok
Authors: Laksono Heru Dibyo , Muharam Mumuh 
Published: December 2022

Pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dan telekomunikasi (ICT) sebagai media promosi dan komunikasi di Indonesia masih kurang berkembang. Kondisi ini memberi peluang kepada masyarakat untuk lebih memanfaatkan teknologi ini terutama di sektor pendidikan baik formal maupun nonformal. Hal ini memberikan dampak yang signifikan terhadap kemajuan aktifitas pendidikan di berbagai negara. Pengunaan teknologi teknologi informasi dan telekomunikasi (ICT) terutama teknologi internet merupakan cara yang inovatif dalam melaksanakan berbagai program pendidikan. Dengan memanfaatkan teknologi internet, lembaga pendidikan formal dan nonformal dapat melakukan berbagai kegiatan secara elektronik seperti media forum, email, mailing list dan berbagai aktifitas lainnya. Pondok Pesantren Modern Terpadu Dr. Muhammad Natsir Alahan Panjang. merupakan salah satu lembaga pendidikan yang mengintegrasikan nilai – nilai keagamaan dan ilmu pengetahuan dalam proses belajar mengajarnya. Agar masyarakat luas mengetahui tentang aktivitas pondok pesantren modern pada umumnya dan Pondok Pesantren Modern Terpadu Dr. Muhammad Natsir Alahan Panjang khususnya maka dikembagkanlah suatu webiste. Website ini nantinya dapat digunakan sebagai media promosi dan komunikasi bagi Pondok Pesantren Modern Terpadu Dr. Muhammad Natsir Alahan Panjang.
Rancangan Alat Konversi Bahan Bakar Minyak ke Bahan Bakar Gas Guna Memenuhi Kebutuhan Gas Rumah Tangga
Authors: Pawawoi Andi , Wandi Defri , Ramadhan Jefri 
Published: December 2022

Peranan bahan bakar minyak (BBM) pada era modern ini masih cukup besar, bisa dikatakan manusia belum bisa lepas dari BBM mmeskipun terdapat sumber energi alternatif yang bisa digunakan. Salah satu pemanfaatan BBM disektor rumah tangga adalah penggunaan kompor gas dan minyak untuk memasak. Saat ini penggunaan kompor minyak tidak lagi banyak ditemukan sejalan dengan upaya pemerintah mengganti kompor minyak menjadi kompor gas dengan alasan peningkatan efisiensi. Penggunaan gas yang sangat banyak pada bidang rumah tangga ini tentu perlu diiringi dengan suply yang memadai oleh pemerintah. Terlebih lagi didukung oleh program alih energi yang digalakan pemerintah untuk mengalihkan pola pakai masyarakat dari bahan bakar minyak ke bahan bakar gas. Namun hingga saat ini masih terjadi beberapa kendala dalam penggunaan gas ini baik dari pendistribusiannya maupun harga. Pendistribusian gas yang kurang merata ke daerah terpencil membuat tidak semua masyarakat dapat memperoleh gas dengan mudah. Harga gas di daerah terpencil menjadi lebih mahal karena adanya tambahan biaya transportasi.. Di daerah-daerah terpencil umumnya bahan bakar minyak terutama pertalite lebih mudah diperoleh dibanding bahan bakar gas. Bahan bakar minyak seperti Pertalite dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan bakar kompor dengan mengubahnya terlebih dahulu menjadi gas menggunkan system Karburator Uap untuk mengubah BBM menjadi Gas. Sistem ini cukup sederhana dapat dapat dirakit oleh masyarakat berpengetahuan setingkat SD. Energi dari 1 liter pertalite jika digunakan sebagai bahan bakar gas pada kompor LPG dapat setara dengan 2 hingga 3 botol LPJ 3 kg. Kualitas api yang dihasilkan kompor dengan bahan bakar gas dari pertalite setara dengan kulaitas api dari bahan bakar gas LPG.