bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Texture Analysis of Breast DCE-MRI to Predict Benign and Malignant Tumors and HER-2 Status Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning
Authors: You Jia , Zhang Bin , yin Jiandong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of three classification models that utilize logistic regression analysis (LRA), support vector machine (SVM), and convolutional neural network (CNN) in distinguishing breast tumor properties and HER-2 status using quantitative analysis of breast dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI). Methods: A total of 354 patients who underwent breast DCE-MRI were included in this retrospective study. All enrolled patients were divided into benign and malignant groups. Patients with breast cancer were divided into positive and negative HER-2 groups. Each group was then divided into training and validation cohorts using different MRI scanners. Machine learning texture analysis was realized using LRA and SVM. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were used to filter texture features. Deep learning was implemented using CNN. The classification model performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results: When distinguishing breast tumor properties, three classifiers based on LASSO_LRA, LASSO_SVM, and CNN in the training cohorts achieved the areas under ROC curves (AUCs) of 0.937, 0.946, and 0.995 (accuracy = 88.75%, 89.37%, and 95.63%), respectively. Three classifiers in the corresponding validation cohorts achieved AUCs of 0.896, 0.914, and 0.965 (accuracy = 83.30%, 85.56%, and 91.11%), respectively. When identifying the HER-2 status, three classifiers in the training cohorts reached AUCs of 0.907, 0.914, and 0.954 (accuracy = 82.61%, 86.09%, and 92.17%), respectively. Three classifiers in the corresponding validation cohorts reached AUCs of 0.819, 0.869, and 0.923 (accuracy = 81.43%, 84.29%, and 87.14%), respectively.Conclusion: The performance of the deep learning approach with CNN is superior to that of machine learning approaches employing LRA and SVM. These results suggest that the classifier based on CNN can be used as an efficient tool for preoperative evaluation of breast tumor properties and HER-2 status.
miRNA-518a-3p inhibits hepatocarcinogenesis by suppressing ZNF281
Authors: Chen Diandian , Shi Kezhi , Hu Yili 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Emerging evidences have indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a significant role in multiple biological processes, including the control of the cell cycle, apoptosis, autophagy and metabolic reprogramming. Among them, miRNA-518a-3p has been revealed to display a notably key function during the development of many types of cancer, containing colorectal cancer, breast cancer and squamous cell carcinoma. However, its functions and the molecular mechanisms during HCC progression still remain unclear. Methods: miRNA-518a-3p expression level was detected by RT-qPCR in HCC tumor tissues and four HCC cell lines, and its related prognostic effects were also investigated. Furthermore, its functions during HCC progression were investigated by CCK-8 experiment, transwell assay in two HCC cell lines. Moreover, its potential mechanisms were investigated by bioinformatic analysis, RT-qPCR, western blotting, luciferase reporter assay and rescue experiments. Results: Downregulation of miRNA-518a-3p was found in HCC tumor tissues and correlated with a more awful overall survival. Gain and loss of function analyses displayed miRNA-518a-3p repressed HCC cells proliferation, migration and invasion. Then, bioinformatic analysis and luciferase reporter assay have suggested that ZNF281, upregulated in HCC tumor tissues, was negatively regulated by miRNA-518a-3p. Moreover, rescue experiments demonstrated that the suppression of HCC progression by miRNA-518a-3p was mediated by ZNF281.Conclusion: Our studies indicated that miRNA-518a-3p inhibited hepatocarcinogenesis through suppression of ZNF281 expression, indicating that miRNA-518a-3p is a promising therapeutic approach targeting for the treatment of HCC.
Effect of body mass index on postoperative mechanical alignment and long-term outcomes of residual varus after total knee arthroplasty: a retrospective cohort study of 671 knees
Authors: Lai Ya-hao , Su Qiang , Li Ze-xi , Feng Wei , Cao Jian , Xu Hong , Zhou Zongke 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
High body mass index (BMI) is associated with increased rates of complications after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Here, we aimed to investigate the potential association between high BMI and incidence of postoperative misalignment in patients undergoing TKA for varus osteoarthritis. We also evaluated whether higher BMI is associated with shorter prosthetic survival and worse clinical function in patients with postoperative residual varus.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 671 patients who underwent primary TKA for varus osteoarthritis between January 2010 and December 2015. The mean follow up was 8.16 years (± 1.45 years). Patients were divided into five groups depending on their BMI: normal weight (< 25.0 kg/m2), overweight (25.0–29.9 kg/m2), class I obese (30.0–34.9 kg/m2), class II obese (35–39.9 kg/m2), and class III obese (> 40 kg/m2). All patients underwent standing, full-length radiography before and after surgery in order to measure the mechanical hip-knee-ankle axis angle (HKA). After excluding 496 non-varus knees, we followed up 175 residual varus knees. Among the BMI subgroups, we compared prosthetic survival and knee function scores, including Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score, Knee Society Knee Score (KS-KS), Knee Society Function Score (KS-FS), Forgotten Joint Score (FJS), and range of motion (ROM).
Results
Multivariate and logistic regression revealed that preoperative alignment and higher BMI were associated with higher risk of postoperative misalignment. ROM and KS-FS were similar among all groups. WOMAC was higher in the normal and overweight groups than in the other groups. FJS and KS-KS gradually decreased with increasing BMI. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed a non-significant trend towards lower prosthetic survival with higher BMI.
Conclusions
Higher BMI is associated with greater risk of misalignment after TKA. Among patients with postoperative residual varus, those with class II and III obesity had worse long-term clinical outcomes. However, long-term prosthetic survival was similar between among the BMI subgroups.
Trial registration:
The trial was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2000038360).
Evaluation of Abdominal Compression-Decompression Combined With Chest Compression CPR Performed by a New Device: Is the Prognosis Improved After This Combination CPR Technique?
Authors: Li Haishan , Wang Chao , Zhang Hongyuan , Cheng Fang , Zuo Shuang , Xu Liyou , Chen Hui , Wang Xiaodong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction: This study was designed to compare outcomes between standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation (STD-CPR) and combined chest compression and abdominal compression-decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CO-CPR) with a new device following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Moreover, we investigated whether patient prognosis improved with this combination treatment.Methods: This trial was a single-center, prospective, randomized trial with a blinded assessment of the outcome. A total of 297 consecutive patients with OHCA were initially screened, and 278 were randomized to STD-CPR (n=135) or CO-CPR (n=143). We compared return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) rates, survival to hospital admission rates, survival to hospital discharge rates, and neurological outcomes at hospital discharge between the two groups. In addition, we also performed the Kaplan-Meier analysis at the end of the follow-up. Results: An ROSC rate of 31/135 (22.96%) versus 35/143 (24.48%), and survival to a hospital admission rate of 28/135 (20.74%) versus 33/143 (23.07%) were found between in the CO-CPR group and the STD-CPR group respectively. The difference did not reach statistical significance. However, there was a significant difference in the survival to hospital discharge rates of 16/135 (11.85%) versus 7/143 (4.90%) between the two groups. 9 patients (6.67%) in the CO-CPR group versus 2 patients (1.40%) in the STD group with good neurological outcomes were obtained according to the CPC status, and the difference was statistically significant( P=0.003). And the Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a survival benefit favoring the CO-CPR group over the STD-CPR group at the end of the follow-up (P=0.007).Conclusion: Patients who had suffered out-of-hospital cardiac arrest could achieve better survival benefits from CO-CPR than from STD-CPR.
Effects of Husband Involvement in Prenatal Care on Couples’ Intimacy and Postpartum Blues in Primiparous Women
Authors: Dehshiri Maryam , Ghorashi Zohreh , Lotfipur S. Maryam 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Husband involvement in prenatal care is a relatively new concept in developing countries, including Iran. Considering the key role of men in the promotion of women's health, this study aimed to determine the effects of husband involvement in prenatal care on couples' intimacy and postpartum blues in primiparous pregnant women referring to selected comprehensive health centers in Rafsanjan in 2021.Methods: This experimental study was performed on 69 primiparous pregnant women aged 15-45 years with a gestational age of 20-36 weeks. Participants in the intervention group were accompanied by their husbands and received routine prenatal care and virtual training. Participants in the control group received routine prenatal care without husband involvement. The Unidimensional Relationship Closeness Scale (URCS) was completed in two stages, before intervention and two weeks after delivery, and the Stein questionnaire was completed one week after delivery. Data was analyzed with T-test, Chi-square and Fisher exact tests.Results: The results showed that the incidence of postpartum blues was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group (p <0.001). The mean score of couples' intimacy after intervention increased in the intervention group and decreased in the control group; however, the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.08).Conclusion: Husband involvement in prenatal care and virtual training for couples may be effective in controlling postpartum blues and possibly in increasing couples' intimacy.
ATPase activity of DFCP1 controls selective autophagy
Authors: Nähse Viola , Raiborg Camilla , Tan Kia Wee , Mørk Sissel , Torgersen Maria , Wenzel Eva , Nager Mireia , Salo Veijo , Johansen Terje , Ikonen Elina , Schink Kay , Stenmark Harald 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Cellular homeostasis is governed by removal of damaged organelles and protein aggregates by selective autophagy mediated by cargo adaptors such as p62/SQSTM1. Autophagosomes can assemble in specialized cup-shaped regions of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) known as omegasomes, which are characterized by the presence of the ER protein DFCP1/ZFYVE1. The function of DFCP1 is unknown, as are the mechanisms of omegasome formation and constriction. Here, we demonstrate that DFCP1 is an ATPase that dimerizes in an ATP-dependent fashion. Whereas depletion of DFCP1 had a minor effect on bulk autophagic flux, DFCP1 was required to maintain the autophagic flux of p62 under both fed and starved conditions, and this was dependent on its ability to bind and hydrolyse ATP. While DFCP1 mutants defective in ATP binding or hydrolysis localized to forming omegasomes, these omegasomes failed to constrict. Consequently, the release of nascent autophagosomes from omegasomes was markedly delayed. DFCP1 was found to associate with ubiquitinated proteins, and degradation of ubiquitinated cargoes such as protein aggregates, mitochondria and micronuclei was strongly inhibited when DFCP1 was knocked out or mutated. Thus, DFCP1 mediates ATPase-driven constriction of omegasomes to release autophagosomes for selective autophagy.
Current availability and distribution of Congo basin's freshwater resources
Authors: Tourian Mohammad J. , Papa Fabrice , Elmi Omid , Sneeuw Nico , Kitambo Benjamin , Tshimanga Raphael , Paris Adrien , Calmant Stephane 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The Congo Basin is of global significance for biodiversity and the water and carbon cycles. However, its freshwater availability remains highly unknown. Here, we leverage a new method to characterize the relationship between drainable water storage and river discharge across the entire basin. We estimate that the Congo Basin currently holds 481±24 km³ of Total Drainable Water Storage, unevenly distributed throughout the region, with 68% being stored in the southernmost sub-basins, Kasaï (227±17 km³) and Lualaba (146±7 km³), while the northern sub-basins contribute only 173±8 km³. We further estimate the time constant for draining its entire water storage to be 4.3±0.4 month, but, regionally, large lakes act as resistors resulting in greater time constants of up to 105±3 month. Our estimate provides a robust basis to address the challenges of water demand for 120 million inhabitants, a population expected to double in a few decades.
Spontaneous generation and active manipulation of real-space optical vortex
Authors: Seo Min-Kyo , Kim Dongha , Baucour Arthur , Choi Yun-Seok , Shin Jonghwa 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Optical vortices host the orbital nature of photons1, which offers an extra degree of freedom in photonic applications2,3,4,5,6,7,8. Unlike vortices in other physical entities, optical vortices require structural singularities9,10,11,12, which restrict their abilities in terms of dynamic and interactive characteristics13,14,15,16,17. In this study, we present the spontaneous generation and external magnetic field-induced manipulation of an optical vortex and antivortex. A gradient-thickness optical cavity (GTOC) consisting of an Al/SiO2/Ni/SiO2 multilayer structure realised the distinct transition between the trivial and non-trivial topological phases, depending on the magneto-optic effects of the Ni layer. In the non-trivial topological phase, the mathematical singularities generating the optical vortex and antivortex pair in the reflected light existed in the generalised parameter space of the thicknesses of the top and bottom SiO2 layers, which is bijective to the real space of the GTOC. Coupled with the magnetisation, the optical vortex and antivortex in the GTOC experienced an effective spin-orbit interaction and showed topology-dependent dynamics under external magnetic fields. We expect that field-induced engineering of optical vortices will pave the way for the study of topological photonic interactions and their applications.
Accuracy of The Axillary Temperature Screening Compared to Core Rectal Temperature.
Authors: Alayed Yazeed , Hommadi Abdullah , Alkhalifah Mohammed , Bashir Muhammad 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To compare the sensitivity of axillary and rectal temperature in infants who presents to the emergency department with a recent history of fever in order to implement an early diagnostic modality to reduce risk of sepsis, urgency in antibiotic administration and decrease the need for delayed hospital admission. Methods: A single-centre cross-sectional comparative study of 201 patients who presents with a recent history of fever. Infants Up to 12 months of age were included. Any patient with the following comorbidities were excluded: (1) Haematological malignancy (2) immunocompromised (3) hyperthyroidism (4) recent administration of antipyretics medications and (5) congenital anal or rectal malformation. Demographic characteristics such as age and gender, weight, mean axillary and rectal temperatures were documented. Fever is defined as rectal temperature > 38 C as opposed to >37.4 in the axillary method. Pearson’s correlation between axillary and rectal temperatures was determined. Results: The mean age was 6.1 ± 3.5 months. The study had 111 (55.2%) males and 90 (44.8%) females. The mean weight was 7.4 Kg ± 2.1 Kg. The mean (SD) rectal-axillary temperature difference was 0.8 °C ± 0.7 °C which was statistically significant (P<0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive and negative predictive values of the axillary method for fever > 37.4 were 79.34% (95% CI [73-84.9]), 14.3% (95% CI [0.36-57.9]), 96.2% (95% CI [95-97.2]) and 2.4% (95% CI [0.4-13.5]), respectively. Conclusion: the axillary temperature measurement method is not as accurate as the rectal temperature method for the detection of fever in infants with a recent history of fever. The rectal method remains highly important for accurate and prompt diagnosis.
Fresh-marketable tomato yields enhanced by moderate weed control and suppressed fruit dehiscence with woodchip mulching
Authors: Horimoto Sakae , Fukuda Kazuaki , Yoshimura Jin , Ishida Atsushi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The plastics have recently been recognized as serious global environmental hazards, because they do not decay in nature. The use of plastic film for mulching imposes various environmental risks in agroecosystems. The replacement of plastics with organic materials for mulching has been suggested to enhance the sustainability of agroecosystems. However, whether woodchip mulch can be used for annual crops needs to be verified, and it is still rarely used in vegetable fields. We examined the effects of mulberry woodchip mulches on tomato fruit yields over two successive years. Setting three treatments, including woodchip mulch, weed-free and weedy (i.e., unweeded) treatments, we compared the amounts of fresh-marketable and unmarketable tomato fruits. The yields of fresh-marketable tomato fruits in the woodchip mulch treatment were significantly higher than those in the weed-free treatment and comparable to those in the weedy treatment. The yields of unmarketable dehiscent tomato fruits in the weed-free treatment were significantly highest among the treatments. The woodchip mulches moderately suppressed the weed density, while the weeds that did occur grew large, preventing strong sunlight exposure and dehiscence of tomato fruits. The replacement of plastics by woodchips is a possible alternative, facilitating climate change mitigation and adaptation with agroforestry practices.
Effect of Smoking on Endocrine Therapy for Stage IV Hormone Receptor Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Takada Koji , Kashiwagi Shinichiro , Yabumoto Akimichi , Iimori Nozomi , Goto Wataru , Asano Yuka , Tauchi Yukie , Morisaki Tamami , Ogisawa Kana , Shibutani Masatsune , Ohira Masaichi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Smoking worsens breast cancer prognosis. It has been reported that tobacco components directly reach mammary gland tissue, causing smoking-related DNA damage and biological effects. We hypothesized that smoking may have a characteristic course other than the therapeutic effect in patients with stage IV hormone receptor-positive breast cancer (HRBC) who received endocrine therapy as the first-line treatment.Methods: Fifty-six patients diagnosed with stage IV HRBC were treated with endocrine therapy as the first-line treatment. Before treatment, the period and amount of smoking were confirmed through patient interviews, and each pack-year was recorded.Results: It was significantly more frequent for smokers to be evaluated for disease progression due to the appearance of new metastases during endocrine therapy as first-line treatment (p=0.034). Furthermore, as the pack-year increased, new metastases tended to appear (pack-year ≤15; hazard ratio [HR] 1.929, p=0.507; pack-year 15–30, HR 3.857, p=0.223; pack-year >30, HR: 7.714, p=0.028).Conclusions: In stage IV HRBC, smoking increases the metastatic potential of breast cancer, suggesting that changes in its biology may lead to poor prognosis.
Ageing with HIV: Challenges and coping mechanisms of older adults 50 years and above living with HIV in a less developed Country
Authors: Mbalinda Scovia Nalugo , Lusota Derrick Amooti , Martin Muddu , Nyashanu Mathew 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Globally, adults 50 years and older are an increasing proportion of persons living with HIV (PLHIV), accounting for 16% of the patient group globally. The long-term effects of antiretroviral use are still being discovered and have been associated with several comorbidities; Stigma presents challenges for those in need of services and health care and can significantly affect mental health and treatment adherence. Understanding the experiences and challenges of older PLHIV will inform the development of interventions to improve their care, health, and quality of life, which may help prevent the further spread of HIV. We explored the experiences and challenges of older PLHIV ages 50 years and above.Methods: We conducted 40 in-depth interviews with elderly PLHIV aged 50 years and above who had lived with HIV for more than ten years. We also explored experiences and challenges of ageing with HIV in two hospitals. We analysed the data thematically. Results: The key themes that emerged included; late diagnosis of HIV, depression and fear at the time of diagnosis, acceptance of close family, stigma from community, polypharmacy, development of comorbidities, financial burden, resilience, and mastery of own care. Conclusion: Older adults experience several challenges, and there is a need to develop special clinics providing appropriate care for the ageing and their social life. Prevention, Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of HIV, and appropriate geriatric care are essential for the well-being of elderly PLHIV.
Can agrifood co-products do better? Life cycle platform for solid fermentation
Authors: Javourez Ugo , Delgado Ernesto Alonso Rosero , Hamelin Lorie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Solutions towards decoupling food production from arable land are increasingly promoted to alleviate food system’s environmental impacts. It includes solid substrate fermentation (SSF), allowing to nutritionally enhance fibrous co-products. Yet, it remains unclear whether and to which extent SSF valorization pathways really improve environmental performances of agrifood co-products in comparison to current practices. Using a framework which combines process-based consequential life cycle analysis, uncertainty assessment and biomass resource potential estimation, we quantify and qualify implications of SSF nutritional enhancement through six selected case studies. When used to unlock food markets, SSF yields environmental benefits for all impact categories. When used to unlock feed markets (low-value streams), SSF pathways are preferable options compared to energy valorization for most impacts except climate change. We show that the environmental impacts of novel food and feed are principally dependent on avoided crops and land use change accounting methods, these requiring further and systematic harmonization.