bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anyonic Chains – $$\alpha $$-Induction – CFT – Defects – Subfactors
Authors: Hollands Stefan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGiven a unitary fusion category, one can define the Hilbert space of a so-called “anyonic spin-chain” and nearest neighbor Hamiltonians providing a real-time evolution. There is considerable evidence that suitable scaling limits of such systems can lead to$$1+1$$1+1-dimensional conformal field theories (CFTs), and in fact, can be used potentially to construct novel classes of CFTs. Besides the Hamiltonians and their densities, the spin chain is known to carry an algebra of symmetry operators commuting with the Hamiltonian, and these operators have an interesting representation as matrix-product-operators (MPOs). On the other hand, fusion categories are well-known to arise from a von Neumann algebra-subfactor pair. In this work, we investigate some interesting consequences of such structures for the corresponding anyonic spin-chain model. One of our main results is the construction of a novel algebra of MPOs acting on a bipartite anyonic chain. We show that this algebra is precisely isomorphic to the defect algebra of$$1+1$$1+1CFTs as constructed by Fröhlich et al. and Bischoff et al., even though the model is defined on a finite lattice. We thus conjecture that its central projections are associated with the irreducible vertical (transparent) defects in the scaling limit of the model. Our results partly rely on the observation that MPOs are closely related to the so-called “double triangle algebra” arising in subfactor theory. In our subsequent constructions, we use insights into the structure of the double triangle algebra by Böckenhauer et al. based on the braided structure of the categories and on$$\alpha $$α-induction. The introductory section of this paper to subfactors and fusion categories has the character of a review.
Midgut Bacterial Microbiota of 12 Fish Species from a Marine Protected Area in the Aegean Sea (Greece)
Authors: Kormas Konstantinos , Nikouli Eleni , Kousteni Vasiliki , Damalas Dimitrios 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Fish microbiome science is progressing fast, but it is biased toward farmed or laboratory fish species against natural fish populations, which remain considerably underinvestigated. We analyzed the midgut bacterial microbiota of 45 specimens of 12 fish species collected from the Gyaros Island marine protected area (Aegean Sea, Greece). The species belong to seven taxonomic families and are either herbivores or omnivores. Mucosa midgut bacterial diversity was assessed by amplicon metabarcoding of the 16S rRNA V3–V4 gene region. A total of 854 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified. In each fish species, between 2 and 18 OTUs dominated with cumulative relative abundance ≥ 70%. Most of the dominating bacterial taxa have been reported to occur both in wild and farmed fish populations. The midgut bacterial communities were different among the 12 fish species, except for Pagrus pagrus and Pagellus erythrinus, which belong to the Sparidae family. No differentiation of the midgut bacterial microbiota was found based on feeding habits, i.e., omnivorous vs. carnivorous. Comparing wild and farmed P. pagrus midgut bacterial microbiota revealed considerable variation between them. Our results expand the gut microbiota of wild fish and support the host species effect as the more likely factor shaping intestinal bacterial microbiota.
Efficacy and Safety of AbobotulinumtoxinA for the Treatment of Glabellar Lines in Chinese Patients: A Pivotal, Phase 3, Randomized, Double-Blind and Open-Label Phase Study
Authors: Wu Yan , Fang Fang , Lai Wei , Li Chengxin , Li Li , Liu Quanzhong , Lu Jianyun , Pang Xiaowen , Sun Jiaming , Shi Xiaofeng , Picaut Philippe , Prygova Inna , Andriopoulos Bill , Sun Qiuning 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Various botulinumtoxinA formulations are approved for glabellar lines treatment worldwide, including abobotulinumtoxinA (Dysport®).

Objectives
Assess abobotulinumtoxinA superiority versus placebo and non-inferiority versus active comparator (onabotulinumtoxinA; Botox®), for the treatment of Chinese patients with moderate/severe glabellar lines.

Methods
Phase 3, randomized study (NCT02450526) comprising a double-blind (cycle 1) phase and an open-label (cycles 2−5) phase. Patients received abobotulinumtoxinA 50 units or matching placebo (5:1), active comparator (onabotulinumtoxinA 20 units) or matching placebo (5:1). In cycles 2–5, eligible patients were retreated with abobotulinumtoxinA only. Responders had glabellar lines of none/mild severity. Primary endpoint: responder rates at cycle 1, day 29 at maximum frown with abobotulinumtoxinA versus placebo (for superiority; by investigator’s live assessment [ILA] and subject’s self-assessment [SSA]), and versus active comparator (for non-inferiority; by ILA). Treatment-emergent adverse events were recorded.

Results
Overall, 520 patients were randomized. Superiority and non-inferiority, respectively, were demonstrated for abobotulinumtoxinA versus placebo (ILA, SSA; both p < 0.0001) and abobotulinumtoxinA versus active comparator. AbobotulinumtoxinA efficacy was maintained over open-label cycles; median time to onset of efficacy was 2.0 days. After 6 months, 17% of patients treated with abobotulinumtoxinA remained responders. AbobotulinumtoxinA was well-tolerated. Safety results were in line with the known profile of abobotulinumtoxinA; adverse events rate decreased with repeated treatment.

Conclusions
After a single injection, abobotulinumtoxinA demonstrated superiority versus placebo and non-inferiority versus onabotulinumtoxinA for the treatment of moderate-to-severe glabellar lines in Chinese patients. Multiple injections of abobotulinumtoxinA demonstrated efficacy and safety in the treatment of glabellar lines in Chinese patients.

Level of Evidence I
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Nasopharyngeal Carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotypes Among Healthy Children in Northern India
Authors: Gupta P. , Awasthi S. , Gupta U. , Verma N. , Rastogi T. , Pandey AK. , Naziat H. , Rahman H. , Islam M. , Saha S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractStreptococcus pneumoniae (SP) infections cause morbidity and mortality among children worldwide. Hence India introduced 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-13) in 2017 in a phased manner. The primary objective of this study was to assess the proportion of healthy children having nasopharyngeal colonization (NP) with SP. Secondary objective was to determine prevalent serotype of SP among the PCV13 vaccinated and non-vaccinated children. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 4 hospitals of Lucknow District, Northern India. Three hundred healthy children (2–59 months) were recruited between July and August 2019 from vaccination-clinics of hospitals. NP specimen was cultured using 5% sheep blood agar plate containing gentamicin. Pneumococcal isolates were identified by optochin sensitivity and bile-solubility tests. Serotyping was done using Quellung Method. Of the 300 healthy children, 56.7% (170/300) were males and 59.3% (181/300) had received at least one dose of PCV13 vaccine. The NP carriage rate of SP among healthy children was 37.7% (113/300). Vaccine serotypes were found in 33.3% (22/66) in PCV vaccinated children and 48.9% (23/47) in non-vaccinated children (p 0.09). Common vaccine serotypes that isolated were: 18C, 19A, 19F, 23F, 3, 4, 6A, 6B, 9 V. Thus more than one-third of healthy children had NP colonization with SP. Adjusting for age, there was a trend for significant reduction in vaccine serotypes in the NP with one doses versus two or more doses (ptrend = 0.04).
Risk and predictors of adverse pathology after radical prostatectomy in patients diagnosed with IUSP 1–2 prostate cancer at MRI-targeted biopsy: a multicenter analysis
Authors: Kesch Claudia , Pantea Vlad , Soeterik Timo , Marquis Alessandro , la Bombarda Giulia , Morlacco Allesandro , Barletta Francesco , Radtke Jan Philipp , Darr Christopher , Preisser Felix , Zattoni Fabio , Marra Giancarlo , van den Bergh Roderik C. N. , Hadaschik Boris , Gandaglia Giorgio ,   On Behalf of the EAU-YAU Prostate Cancer Working Party
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Although active surveillance (AS) is recommended for low- to favorable intermediate-risk prostate cancer (PCa), risk of upgrading at radical prostatectomy (RP) is not negligible. Available studies based on systematic transrectal ultrasound biopsy might not be applicable to contemporary cohorts diagnosed with MRI-targeted biopsy (TB). The aim of the present study is to explore rates and risk factors for adverse outcomes (AO) at RP in patients with ISUP ≤ 2 PCa detected at TB with concomitant systematic biopsy (SB).

Methods
Multicenter, retrospective analysis of 475 consecutive patients with ISUP ≤ 2 PCa at MRI-TB + SB is treated with RP. AO were defined as ISUP upgrading, adverse pathology (upgrading to ISUP ≥ 3 and/or ≥ pT3 at RP, and/or pN1) (AP) or biochemical recurrence (BCR) in men with follow-up (n = 327).

Results
The rate of ISUP upgrading, upgrading ≥ 3, and AP were 39%, 21%, and 43%. Compared to ISUP2, men with ISUP1 PCa had a higher rate of overall upgrading (27 vs. 67%, p < 0.001), but less upgrading to ≥ 3 (27 vs. 10%, p < 0.001). AP was more common when ISUP2 was detected with a combined MRI-TB + SB approach compared to considering TB (p = 0.02) or SB (p = 0.01) alone. PSA, PSA density, PI-RADS, ISUP at TB, overall biopsy ISUP and EAU classification were predictors of upgrading to ISUP ≥ 3 and AP. The 1 year BCR-free survival was 94% with no differences in BCR rates between subgroups.

Conclusion
Upgrading in ISUP ≤ 2 PCa remains prevalent even in men diagnosed in the MRI era. The use of MRI-TB with concomitant SB allows for the accurate identification of ISUP2 PCa and predicts the risk of AO at RP.
Effect of robotic tilt table verticalization on recovery in patients with disorders of consciousness: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Rosenfelder M. J. , Helmschrott V. C. , Willacker L. , Einhäupl B. , Raiser T. M. , Bender A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractVerticalization is a common therapeutic intervention during rehabilitation of patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC). The Erigo®Pro is a robotic tilt-table (RTT) with built-in stepping unit for the lower extremities to prevent orthostatic hypotension during verticalization. In addition, the system also provides functional electrical stimulation (FES) of muscles of the lower extremities. In this randomized controlled clinical trial (RCT), 47 patients with subacute DoC received a 4-week verticalization regime (16 verticalization sessions) and were allocated to one of three experimental groups: (1) verticalization by means of RTT with FES, (2) by means of RTT without FES, or (3) by conventional physiotherapy (CPT). Level of consciousness (LoC), spasticity, functional independence in daily activities, and functional brain connectivity measured by means of high-density quantitative EEG were assessed at baseline, directly after the verticalization program and after 6 months. There was a similar clinical improvement in all three experimental groups. RTT was not associated with an effect on any of the clinical outcomes. Verticalization or mobilization time during the study period was significantly positively correlated with recovery of consciousness (rho = 0.494, p < 0.001) in the short term and showed a statistical trend at the 6 months follow-up (rho = 0.244, p = 0.078). In conclusion, RTT treatment is not more effective in promoting recovery of consciousness than CPT in subacute DoC patients. Yet, our data suggest, that verticalization may be an important and feasible rehabilitation intervention in this group of patients. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT Number NCT02639481, registered on December 24, 2015.
Antibiotic prophylaxis in penetrating traumatic brain injury: analysis of a single-center series and systematic review of the literature
Authors: Ganga Arjun , Leary Owen P. , Sastry Rahul A. , Asaad Wael F. , Svokos Konstantina A. , Oyelese Adetokunbo A. , Mermel Leonard A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Purpose
Penetrating traumatic brain injury (pTBI) is an acute medical emergency with a high rate of mortality. Patients with survivable injuries face a risk of infection stemming from foreign body transgression into the central nervous system (CNS). There is controversy regarding the utility of antimicrobial prophylaxis in managing such patients, and if so, which antimicrobial agent(s) to use.

Methods
We reviewed patients with pTBI at our institution and performed a PRISMA systematic review to assess the impact of prophylactic antibiotics on reducing risk of CNS infection.

Results
We identified 21 local patients and 327 cases in the literature. In our local series, 17 local patients received prophylactic antibiotics; four did not. Overall, five of these patients (24%) developed a CNS infection (four and one case of intraparenchymal brain abscess and meningitis, respectively). All four patients who did not receive prophylactic antibiotics developed an infection (three with CNS infections; one superficial wound infection) compared to two of 17 (12%) patients who did receive prophylactic antibiotics. Of the 327 pTBI cases reported in the literature, 216 (66%) received prophylactic antibiotics. Thirty-eight (17%) patients who received antibiotics developed a CNS infection compared to 21 (19%) who did not receive antibiotics (p = 0.76).

Conclusions
Although our review of the literature did not reveal any benefit, our institutional series suggested that patients with pTBI may benefit from prophylactic antibiotics. We propose a short antibiotic course with a regimen specific to cases with and without the presence of organic debris.
Cutoff stability under distributional constraints with an application to summer internship matching
Authors: Aziz Haris , Baychkov Anton , Biró Péter 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe introduce a new two-sided stable matching problem that describes the summer internship matching practice of an Australian university. The model is a case between two models of Kamada and Kojima on matchings with distributional constraints. We study three solution concepts, the strong and weak stability concepts proposed by Kamada and Kojima, and a new one in between the two, called cutoff stability. Kamada and Kojima showed that a strongly stable matching may not exist in their most restricted model with disjoint regional quotas. Our first result is that checking its existence is NP-hard. We then show that a cutoff stable matching exists not just for the summer internship problem but also for the general matching model with arbitrary heredity constraints. We present an algorithm to compute a cutoff stable matching and show that it runs in polynomial time in our special case of summer internship model. However, we also show that finding a maximum size cutoff stable matching is NP-hard, but we provide a Mixed Integer Linear Program formulation for this optimisation problem.
Augmented and virtual reality usage in awake craniotomy: a systematic review
Authors: Mofatteh Mohammad , Mashayekhi Mohammad Sadegh , Arfaie Saman , Chen Yimin , Mirza Asfand Baig , Fares Jawad , Bandyopadhyay Soham , Henich Edy , Liao Xuxing , Bernstein Mark 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Augmented and virtual reality (AR, VR) are becoming promising tools in neurosurgery. AR and VR can reduce challenges associated with conventional approaches via the simulation and mimicry of specific environments of choice for surgeons. Awake craniotomy (AC) enables the resection of lesions from eloquent brain areas while monitoring higher cortical and subcortical functions. Evidence suggests that both surgeons and patients benefit from the various applications of AR and VR in AC. This paper investigates the application of AR and VR in AC and assesses its prospective utility in neurosurgery. A systematic review of the literature was performed using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Our search results yielded 220 articles. A total of six articles consisting of 118 patients have been included in this review. VR was used in four papers, and the other two used AR. Tumour was the most common pathology in 108 patients, followed by vascular lesions in eight patients. VR was used for intraoperative mapping of language, vision, and social cognition, while AR was incorporated in preoperative training of white matter dissection and intraoperative visualisation and navigation. Overall, patients and surgeons were satisfied with the applications of AR and VR in their cases. AR and VR can be safely incorporated during AC to supplement, augment, or even replace conventional approaches in neurosurgery. Future investigations are required to assess the feasibility of AR and VR in various phases of AC.
Perceived Support from Best Friends and Depressive Symptoms During Adolescence: Disentangling Personal from Dyadic Level Effects
Authors: van der Mey-Baijens Steffie , Buil J. Marieke , Vuijk Patricia , Bul Kim C. M. , Branje Susan , Meeus Wim , van Lier Pol A. C. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Support from best friends is an important interpersonal factor in adolescent depression development but is often studied from an individual perspective in which dyadic effects are overlooked. This study aims to a) test whether differences in support vary at the individual level and are related to individual differences in the development of depressive symptoms, whether these differences vary at the dyadic level and are related to dyadic depression symptom development, or both, b) explore whether these associations are moderated by initial levels of depressive symptoms on the individual and/or dyadic level. Data from 452 adolescents (Mage = 13.03), nested in 226 same-gender friendship dyads (60.6% boy-dyads) who participated in the RADAR-Y project were included. Best friends self-reported annually (2006–2008; 3 waves) on their own depressive symptoms and perceived support from their friend. Multilevel models showed no direct association between support and depression development on the individual or dyadic level. However, the initial level of dyads’ depressive symptoms moderated the association between dyadic support and dyads’ subsequent depression symptom development. When dyads experienced relatively more initial depressive symptoms, higher levels of dyadic support were associated with relative increasing dyadic depressive symptoms. When dyads experienced relatively few initial depressive symptoms, higher levels of dyadic support were associated with relative decreasing dyadic depressive symptoms. Findings suggest that support from best friends can either protect against or exacerbate the development of depressive symptoms for friends, depending on the initial level of depressive symptoms of the dyad.
Barriers to Services at the Intersection of Child Maltreatment and Domestic Violence: A multi-Perspective Analysis of Parents with Lived Experience and Professionals
Authors: Banda Linda Chimwemwe , Carlson Juliana , Diaz April , Akin Becci A. , Davis Lonna , Rose Jennifer , Yellowhammer Terri 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose

Firm evidence exists on the co-existence of child maltreatment and domestic violence (DV). This study examines the barriers to service delivery for families experiencing DV who are child welfare (CW) system involved from the perspectives of two key groups: parents with lived experience of DV and CW and multi-sector professionals.

Methods
A thematic content analysis was conducted of data from 16 in-person and remote listening sessions of 140 participants including families and DV/CW professionals across the U.S.

Results
Findings suggest that for parent participants communication, inadequate services, lack of trust, and providers not serving families well were some of the challenges that impact accessing and receiving services and resources. Professional participants described the limited availability of services, systemic challenges, and collaboration as barriers impacting the access to and provision of resources to families experiencing DV and involved within the CW system.

Conclusions
Discussion points reflect on the synergies and divergencies in the participant groups’ identified barriers. Study implications emphasize the need to address the challenges encountered by CW and DV systems at the individual, systemic and educational levels.
Improving Diagnosis of Intestinal Parasites Towards a Migrant-Friendly Health System
Authors: Maurelli M. P. , Pepe P. , Gualdieri L. , Bosco A. , Cringoli G. , Rinaldi L. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This study describes the results obtained by the World Health Organization (WHO) collaborating centre (CC) for the diagnosis of intestinal helminths and protozoa (WHO CC ITA-116) during the first 2 years of its activity on (i) the prevalence of intestinal parasites in migrants in southern Italy and (ii) the development and application of new diagnostic tools for intestinal helminths (e.g. FLOTAC, Mini-FLOTAC Kit 200 tests, Kubic FLOTAC microscope (KFM)).

Recent Findings
Almost 23.3% of migrants examined were positive for at least one intestinal parasite. Moreover, a significant correlation was found between the duration of stay in Italy and positivity for intestinal parasites. The results of the comparison between diagnostic techniques showed a perfect agreement between FLOTAC and Mini-FLOTAC Kit 200 tests whereas no statistically significant differences were found between the count of helminth eggs obtained by Mini-FLOTAC with optical microscope and KFM.

Summary
The results obtained by WHO CC ITA-116 during the first 2 years of its activity provide important information on innovations in parasitological diagnosis and add data to the parasitological scenario of migrants arriving in southern Italy, highlighting the importance of regular parasitological monitoring.
Demokratie in der Zeitenwende
Authors: Vorländer Hans 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Zeitenwende, die der deutsche Kanzler ausrief, bedeutet weit mehr als einen abrupten Politikwechsel: Zum einen haben eingespielte Wahrnehmungs- und Bewältigungsroutinen politischer Konfliktlagen ihre Wirksamkeit verloren. Zum anderen wird demokratische Führungsfähigkeit, ein gleichermaßen entschiedenes wie legitimierbares Krisenhandeln unter den Bedingungen von Ungewissheit, in dramatischer Zuspitzung herausgefordert. Das setzt Demokratien unter Druck, die Gleichzeitigkeit von Krieg und Krisenbewältigung bringt sie an die Grenzen ihrer Belastung. Auch befindet sich die Demokratie seit geraumer Zeit in einem fundamentalen Transformationsprozess. Autokratische Umbrüche und (rechts‑)populistische Regierungen auf der einen, Volatilität demokratischer Öffentlichkeit und Integrationsverlust intermediärer Assoziationen auf der anderen Seite lassen die Frage aufkommen, ob die liberal-repräsentative Demokratie, wie sie sich nach 1945 herausgebildet und konsolidiert hat, zu ihrem Ende gekommen ist. So ist nicht nur die Zeitenwende eine Herausforderung für die Demokratie, auch die Demokratie befindet sich in der Zeitenwende.