bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing the improvement in external contracture following anterolateral total hip arthroplasty: A prospective study
Authors: Ohmori Takaaki , Kabata Tamon , Kajino Yoshitomo , Inoue Daisuke , Yamamuro Yuki , Taninaka Atsushi , Kataoka Tomoyuki , Saiki Yoshitomo , Yanagi Yu , Kato Satoshi , Yahata Tetsutaro , Tsuchiya Hiroyuki 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background External contracture of the hip joint occurs with the progression of hip osteoarthritis. It can be easily imagined that improvement of the external contracture can be expected with the posterior approach as it dissociates the short external rotator muscle group and the posterior tissue. However, improvement of external contracture with the anterior approach, which does not dissociate the posterior tissue, is unclear.　In this study, we examined the degree of external contracture improvement after anterolateral approach THA, its influencing factors, and the effect on lower limb function. Methods We prospectively examined 73 patients who underwent THA using an anterolateral approach for hip osteoarthritis of Crowe type 1 and 2. Lower limb rotation, leg lengthening, and various offsets in the natural position were measured using three-dimensional templating software based on computed tomography before and two weeks after surgery; factors related to lower limb rotation were investigated by multiple regression analysis. A functional evaluation, which are gait speed, knee extensor strength, functional reach test, and the Japanese Orthopaedic Association hip score, was performed one year after surgery. Results All functional outcomes significantly improved after THA. As for the setting of implants, the acetabular offset became shorter with the medialization of the cup as planned; the stem side could be compensated accordingly, and the global offset could be almost reproduced. The stem was inserted almost along the original anteversion. There were no postoperative dislocation cases. External contracture was improved by 4.7° ± 8.3° after anterolateral THA. Age and preoperative femoral external contracture were significant factors for the amount of improvement in femoral external contracture (adjusted R2: 0.492) and for the postoperative remaining external contracture (adjusted R2: 0.577), but they were not significantly correlated with lower limb function and the Japanese Orthopaedic Association hip score 1 year after surgery (p > 0.05). Conclusion Even anterolateral approach THA, which does not dissociate the posterior tissue, improved postoperative external contracture of the hip joint by about five degrees, and the stronger the preoperative external contracture, the greater the improvement. However, there was no significant correlation with lower limb function one year after surgery.
Triiodothyronine Regulates the Number and Morphological Development of Supporting Cells of organ of Corti During Critical Periods of Cochlear Development
Authors: Bai Xue , Xu Kai , Chen Sen , Xie Le , Qiu Yue , Sun Yu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Thyroid hormones are essential for cochlear development and normal auditory function. Previous studies reported that excessive triiodothyronine (T3) accelerates the development of cochlear morphology and causes deafness in rodents. However, the pathophysiologic mechanism of T3-induced hearing loss and its effect on the remodeling of the organ of Corti (OC) remains unclear. In this study, neonatal wild-type (WT) mice were given T3 at different postnatal time points, and then auditory brainstem responses (ABR) and morphological changes of the OC were analyzed. Mice treated with T3 at postnatal day 0 (P0 group) or P1 (P1 group) showed severe deafness with disordered stereocilia of the outer hair cells (OHCs), and impaired mechanoelectrical transduction function of OHCs. In addition, administration of T3 at P0 or P1 resulted in the overproduction of Deiter-like cells (Deiter’s cells, DCs, are supporting cells in the OC). These extra cells have phalangeal process structures similar to DCs, and are coupled with normal DCs by gap junctions. Furthermore, Sox2-haploinsufficient mice treated with T3 not only showed excess numbers of Deiter-like cells but also a large number of ectopic outer pillar cells (OPCs). In particular, these ectopic OPCs resulted in a great change in the morphology of the OC, forming double tunnels of Corti structures. Together, our study provides new evidence for the dual roles of T3 in regulating both hair cell and supporting cell development, suggesting that it is possible to increase the reserve of supporting cells.
Warming and predation risk only weakly shape size-mediated priority effects in a cannibalistic damselfly
Authors: Raczyński Mateusz , Stoks Robby , Sniegula Szymon 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
1. Differences in hatching dates can shape intraspecific interactions through size-mediated priority effects (SMPE), a phenomenon where bigger, early hatched individuals gain advantage over smaller, late hatched ones. While SMPE may be important for population dynamics, to what extent and how these are affected by key environmental factors such as warming and predation risk imposed by top predators remains unclear.2. In a laboratory experiment, we studied effects of warming (low and high temperature) and predation risk (presence and absence of predator cues of perch) on SMPE in life history and physiological traits in the cannibalistic damselfly Ischnura elegans. We induced SMPE by manipulating hatching dates, thereby creating four groups: non-mixed phenology early (E) and late (L) hatchers, and mixed phenology early (E+L) and late (L+E) hatchers. 3. We found strong SMPE for survival and emergence success, with the highest values in E+L larvae and the lowest values in L+E larvae. Neither temperature nor predator cues affected SMPE for these two life history traits. The other life history traits (development rate and mass at emergence) did not show SMPE, but were affected by temperature and predator cues.4. SMPE was found for protein content, but only in the high temperature treatment. The other physiological traits (immune function measured as phenoloxidase activity and fat content) showed fixed expressions across treatments, indicating decoupling between physiology and life history. 5. The results underline that SMPEs are trait-dependent, and only weakly affected by temperature and predation risk.
mRNA vaccine induces cytotoxic CD8+ T-cell cross-reactivity against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant and regulates COVID-19 severity
Authors: Nogimori Takuto , Suzuki Koichiro , Masuta Yuji , Yagoto Mika , Ikeda Mami , Katayama Yuki , Washizaki Ayaka , Kanda Hidenori , Takada Minoru , Minami Shohei , Kobayashi Takeshi , Takahama Shokichi , Yoshioka Yasuo , Yamamoto Takuya 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Understanding the T-cell responses involved in inhibiting COVID-19 severity is crucial for developing new therapeutic and vaccine strategies. Here, we characterized SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific CD8+ T cells interacting with overlapping peptides on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from acute-phase COVID-19 patients. Relative to severe COVID-19, patients with mild COVID-19 had more frequent antigen-specific CD8+ T cells, and significantly increased SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific CD8+ T cells simultaneously expressing granzyme A, granzyme B, and perforin, suggesting that inducing highly cytotoxic CD8+ T cells during early infection suppresses COVID-19 severity. The BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine induced these antigen-specific CD8+ T cells in healthy donors, although lesser than in infected patients, and the induced subpopulation was not maintained long-term after second vaccination. Importantly, these CD8+ T cells showed cross-reactivity with the Delta and Omicron strains of SARS-CoV-2. Incorporating factors that efficiently induce CD8+ T cells with polyfunctional cytotoxic activity may improve future vaccine efficacy against such variants.
Impact of 1-week preoperative auto-CPAP treatment on postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing heart valve replacement surgery: a prospective randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ding Ning , Su Mei , Qi Xu , Ni Buqing , Zhang Shijiang , Zhang Xilong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Whether preoperative continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment improves postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement (CVR) remains unknown. This tudy was to evaluate the effects of 1-week perioperative auto-continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment on postoperative heart and pulmonary outcomes in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and valvular heart disease. Thirty-two patients with OSA and valvular heart disease were randomly assigned to 1-week CPAP (n = 15) group and non-CPAP treatments (n = 17) group. After the treatment, all patients underwent CVR surgery. The length of ICU and hospital stays, postoperative cardiac and respiratory complications were assessed and compared between the two groups. The results showed there was no significant difference in the baseline characteristics between the CPAP and non-CPAP treatment groups. The length of postoperative ICU and hospital stays, as well as the duration of mechanical ventilation were significantly reduced in the CPAP treatment group compared to the non-CPAP treatment group; however, there were no significant differences in cardiac complications (postoperative arrhythmias, pacemaker use, first dose of dopamine in the ICU, and first dose of dobutamine in the ICU), and respiratory complications (reintubation and pneumonia). We conclused that in patients underwent CVR, preoperative use of auto-CPAP for OSA significantly decreased the duration of mechanical ventilation, and postoperative stays in the ICU and hospital, but did not have an association with postoperative arrhythmias, pacemaker use, reintubation, or pneumonia.
Transient population dynamics drive the spread of invasive wild pigs in North America
Authors: Miller Ryan S , Tabak Michael A , Wolfson David W , Burdett Christopher L 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Invasion of nonindigenous species is considered one of the most urgent problems affecting native ecosystems and agricultural systems. Mechanistic models that account for short-term population dynamics can improve prediction because they incorporate differing demographic processes that link the environmental conditions of a spatial location explicitly with the invasion process. Yet short-term population dynamics are rarely accounted for in spatial models of invasive species spread.Accounting for transient population dynamics, we predict the population growth rate and establishment probability of wild pigs following introduction into any location in North America. We compared predicted population growth rate with observed geographic rates of spread and found significant relationships between the annual rate of spread and population growth rates.We used geospatial data on the distribution of mast producing tree species (a principle forage resource of wild pigs) and agricultural crops that can replace mast in their diets to predict population dynamics using transient population simulations. We simulated populations under different initial population sizes (i.e. number of introduced individuals, often termed propagule size) and for different amounts of time following introduction. By varying the initial population size and simulation time, we were able to identify areas in North America with high probability for establishment of wild pigs if introduced. Our findings can be used to inform surveillance and removal efforts to reduce the potential for establishment and spread of wild pigs.
Two step anaerobic co-digestion of sesame oil cake and sewage sludge for sludge reduction and biogas production
Authors: Choi Hee-Jeong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate sewage sludge reduction and biogas production using two-stage anaerobic co-digestion of sesame oil cake and sewage sludge. In the first stage (acidogenic fermentation), sesame oil cake (SOC) was acid fermented to produce fermented sesame oil cake (FSOC). In the second step (anaerobic co-digestion), sewage sludge and FSOC were mixed in various ratios of (100:0 (R1), 70:30 (R2), 50:50 (R3), and 30:70 (R4)) and observed for 30 days at a mesophilization temperature of 25 ± 2 °C. In the anaerobic co-digestion using FSOC as a co-feedstock, the VS and TS removal were in the range of 53.7 - 64.9% and 42.6 - 53.2% for R2 and R3, respectively. The highest cumulative biogas production (1740.43 mL) and methane production (1253.11 mL) were achieved with the R3. In addition, R3 had the shortest reaction delay time (λ), and stabilization of the process was the fastest of all samples. The co-digestion performance index (CPI) was determined to be 1.29, 1.39, and 1.10 for R2, R3, and R4, respectively. The highest value for R3 confirmed the highest synergistic effect. This suggests the possibility of biogas production using sesame oil cake.
The effect of music interventions on fatigue in patients with hematological cancers: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Sezgi̇n Merve Gozde , Bektas Hicran 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
PurposeTo systematically synthesize the effect of music interventions applied to patients with hematological cancer on fatigue.MethodsThe searches were conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCOhost/CINAHL Complete, Science Direct, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Ovid, ProQuest, and Springer Link databases until August 2021 without any year limitation. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3 software was used in the analysis of meta-analysis data. The meta-analysis was carried out following the PRISMA checklist. Risks of bias were examined by two independent researchers using the Cochrane Collaboration tool.ResultsSix randomized controlled trials consisting of 279 participants were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The count of music interventions in the included studies ranged between 1 and 8 sessions, each of which was 20 to 45 min long. The music interventions applied to patients with hematological cancers were found to be effective in reducing the severity of fatigue (95% Cl= 0.10~0.57; Hedge’s g=0.03; p=0.006).ConclusionsThe findings of the meta-analysis indicated that music interventions made important and positive contributions to reducing fatigue in patients with hematological cancer. Music interventions are a convenient method to reduce fatigue because they are comfortable and noninvasive. It will be beneficial to increase the awareness of nurses about the implementation of music interventions. It is recommended that music interventions applied to patients with a diagnosis of hematological cancer should be considered interventions that can be used together with other non-pharmacological or pharmacological methods to reduce fatigue.
Risk factors for oral mucositis in patients with solid tumors under treatment with cetuximab: a retrospective cross-sectional study.
Authors: Martins Joyce Ohana de Lima , Borges Marcela , Malta Cássia Emmanuela Nóbrega , Guerra Janaina Motta , Ribeiro Reverton Soares , Coelho Bruna Carolina , Silva Lúcio Flávio Gonzaga , Silva Paulo Goberlânio de Barros 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
This study retrospectively analyzed the risk factors for oral mucositis (OM) during cetuximab treatment.
Methods
We screened patients using cetuximab and retrospectively evaluated the presence of OM based on medical records. We collected information from 2 years of evaluations. Patient medical records were reviewed to obtain data on chemotherapy cycle and dose, sex, age, primary tumor, TNM stage, and head and neck radiotherapy (HNR) history. The X2 test and multinomial logistic regression were used for statistical analysis (SPSS 20.0, p < 0.05).
Results
Among 1831 patients, OM was showed in 750 in any grade (41%), during cetuximab treatment. Most patients were female (n = 944, 51.6%), < 70years-old (n = 1149, 62.8%), had larynx cancer (n = 789, 43.1%) in T4 (n = 579, 47.7%), N0 (n = 509, 52.6%) stages. Primary tumor surgery was performed in 1476 (80.6%) patients, radiotherapy in 606 (33.1%) patients and cetuximab protocols most used involved up to four cycles (n = 1072, 58.5%) of < 400mg (n = 996, 54.4%) cetuximab doses. Female (OR [odds ratio] = 2.17, CI95% = 1.26–3.75), > 70 years-old patients (OR = 16.02, CI95% = 11.99–21.41), with HHNR (OR = 1.84, 1.41–2.40), treated with > 4 cycles (OR = 1.52, CI95% = 1.16–2.01) and high doses of cetuximab (OR = 3.80, CI95% = 2.52–5.71) are the greatest risk factors for OM.
Conclusion
Since the clinical benefit of cetuximab in the treatment of older patients is limited and there is a high OM, especially in women with head and neck treated with radiotherapy, high doses and a high number of cetuximab cycles must be administered with caution.
Investigation of the status of depression and anxiety among leaders and staff in pharmacy intravenous admixture services in China
Authors: Zhang Ling-Li , Yang Chunsong , Yang Yaya , Wu Xiaofang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
We aimed to investigate the status of depression and anxiety among leaders and staff in pharmacy intravenous admixture services (PIVAS) and analyze influencing factors to provide a reference for improving their mental health status.
Methods
This study involved a multi-center cross-sectional survey. PIVAS leaders and staff from across China were invited to participate. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 and 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire were used to measure the status of anxiety and depression. A multivariate linear regression model was used to analyze influencing factors.
Results
In total, 137 PIVAS leaders and 501 staff were included in this study. The results showed that 43.8% (60/137) of the leaders had anxiety and 38.7% (53/137) had depression. Among staff, 47.3% (237/501) had anxiety and 46.5% (233/501) had depression. Multiple linear regression showed that for PIVAS leaders, the degree of recognition by doctors was associated with anxiety scores, whereas PIVAS charge standard, PIVAS profit and loss situation, and the degree of recognition by doctors were associated with depression scores. For PIVAS staff, satisfaction with working in PIVAS was associated with anxiety scores, and job title, working hours per day, and satisfaction with working in PIVAS were associated with depression scores.
Conclusion
Depression and anxiety are common among PIVAS leaders and staff working in hospitals in China. Hospitals should implement measures to improve the mental health of PIVAS leaders and staff.
The cytological and electrophysiological effects of silver nanoparticles on neuron-like PC12 cells
Authors: Zhang Ze-Qun , Meng Chen , Hou Kun , Wang Zhi-Gong , Huang Yan , Lü Xiao-Ying 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Silver nanoparticles (SNPs) are widely used in a large number of products. SNPs can cross the blood-brain barrier and are subsequently deposited continuously in the brain, causing a variety of pathological responses and diseases. As a result, the toxic effects of SNPs on the nervous system have attracted considerable attention, but the mechanism of toxicity remains unclear. Moreover, neurons have different cytological and electrophysiological properties, and their functions are highly dependent on changes in electrophysiological properties.
Results
Different concentrations of SNPs (20 nm) were prepared, and the effects of different application durations on the cell viability and electrical excitability of rat adrenal pheochromocytoma (PC12) quasi-neuronal networks were investigated. The effects of 200 µM SNPs on the neurite length, cell membrane potential (CMP) difference, intracellular Ca2+ content, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) difference, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) content of networks were investigated. The results showed that 200 µM SNPs produced grade 1 cytotoxicity at 48 h of interaction, and the other concentrations of SNPs were noncytotoxic. Noncytotoxic 5 µM SNPs significantly increased the electrical excitability of PC12 quasi-neuronal networks, and noncytotoxic 100 µM SNPs led to an initial increase followed by a significant decrease in electrical excitability. While cytotoxic 200 µM SNPs significantly decreased the electrical excitability. 200 µM SNPs led to decreases in neurite length, MMP difference and ATP content and increases in CMP difference, and intracellular Ca2+ and ROS levels with increasing interaction time.
Conclusions
The results above revealed that using only cell viability to evaluate nanoparticles-induced neurotoxicity is partial. Therefore, not only cell viability but also electrophysiological properties should be considered when evaluating nanoparticles-induced neurotoxicity. The SNPs-induced cytotoxicity mainly originated from its effects on ATP content, cytoskeletal structure and ROS content. The SNPs-induced decrease in electrical excitability could be explained by a decrease in ATP content which could lead to cellular energy deficiency that opened KATP channels on the cell membrane, resulting in an increase in the CMP difference and hyperpolarization. ATP content may thus be an important indicator of both cell viability and electrical excitability of PC12 quasi-neuronal networks.
Oocytes Could Rearrange Immunoglobulin Production to Survive over Adverse Environmental Stimuli
Authors: Wang Yang , Luo Fu-Qiang , He Yu-Hao , Yang Zhi-Xia , Wang Xin , Li Cong-Rong , Cai Bei-Qi , Chen Liang-Jian , Wang Zi-Bin , Guan Yi-Chun , Zhang Cui-Lian , Zhang dong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Immunoglobulins are key humoral immune molecules produced and secreted by B lymphocytes at various stages of differentiation. No research has reported whether immunoglobulins are present in the non-proliferative female germ cells—oocytes—and whether they are functionally important for the quality, self-protection, and survival of oocytes. Herein, we found that IgG was present even in the oocytes of immunodeficient mice; the IgG-VDJ regions were highly variable between different oocytes, and H3K27Ac bound and regulated IgG promoter region. Next, IgG mRNA and protein levels increased in response to LPS, and this increment required CR2 on the oocyte membrane. Finally, we revealed three aspects of the functional relevance of oocyte IgG: first, oocytes could upregulate IgG to counteract the increased ROS level induced by CSF1; second, oocytes could upregulate IgG in response to injected virus ssRNA to maintain mitochondria integrity; third, upon bacterial infection, oocytes could secret IgG out to encompass bacteria to survive better than other somatic cells. This study reveals for the first time that the female germ cells, oocytes, can independently adjust intrinsic IgG production to survive in adverse environments.
Additive effects of litter and roots in forming soil organic carbon in forests
Authors: Wu Qiuxia , Wu Fuzhong , Zhu Jingjing , Yang Jing , Wei Xinyu , Ni Xiangyin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Plant input is an important source of soil organic carbon (SOC), but how and to what extent litter and roots interact to form SOC in various forests is not fully understood. Here, we compiled 189 paired observations from 23 studies to assess the changes in SOC concentrations after removing litter and living root inputs from different forests. We found that SOC concentrations reduced by 15.4% and 11.3% after litter and roots removal, respectively, but removing both litter and roots had an additive effect (24.8%), regardless of forest types. Our findings of the plant input removal experiments suggest that litter and roots had a similar but additive effect on forest SOC formation, although roots were more efficient than litter input. Thus, the study indicated that both efficiency and total amount of carbon input from aboveground and belowground biomass should be incorporated when evaluating the nexus between plant inputs and SOC formation.