bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of key biomarkers in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head and their correlation with immune infiltration by bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Zhao Jun , Zhang Xingshi , Guan Junjie , Su Yu , Jiang Jizhao 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to identify key diagnostic markers and immune infiltration of (SONFH) by bioinformatics analysis.

Methods
Related SONFH datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. First, we identified the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and performed the functional enrichment analysis. Then weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) and the MCODE plug-in in Cytoscape were used to identify the diagnostic markers of SONFH. Finally, CIBERSORT was used to analyze the immune infiltration between SONFH and healthy controls, and the correlation between infiltrating immune cells and diagnostic markers was analyzed.

Results
TYROBP, TLR2, P2RY13, TLR8, HCK, MNDA, and NCF2 may be key diagnostic markers of SONFH. Immune cell infiltration analysis revealed that Memory B cells and activated dendritic cells may be related to the SONFH process. Moreover, HCK was negatively correlated with CD8 T cells, and neutrophils were positively correlated with those key diagnostic markers.

Conclusions
TYROBP, TLR2, P2RY13, TLR8, HCK, MNDA, and NCF2 may be used as diagnostic markers of SONFH, and immune-related mechanism of SONFH and the potential immunotherapy are worthy of further study.
Evaluation of early complications, outcome, and mortality in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection in patients who underwent orthopedic surgery
Authors: Mohammadpour Mehdi , Yazdi Hamidreza , Bagherifard Abolfazl , Jabalameli Mahmoud , Moghtadaei Mehdi , Torkaman Ali , Yahyazadeh Hooman , Ghaderi Mohammad Taher , Fanaeian Mohammad Mahdi , Langeroudi Moein Khaleghi , Hashemi Peyman , Razi Saeed , Karimpour Amer , Lirgeshasi Sam Bemani , Bahari Milad 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
A higher mortality and morbidity rate has been reported in COVID-19 patients undergoing surgery. To reduce the morbidity and mortality rate in COVID-19 patients undergoing orthopedic procedures, we aimed to increase the threshold for surgical planning.

Methods
In a prospective cohort study, COVID-19 patients who underwent elective or emergent orthopedic surgery in three orthopedic surgery centers from February 2020 to September 2020 were included. In this period, 6751 patients were scheduled for orthopedic surgery. To increase surgical threshold planning, all patients with grade 5 of the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification and patients with COVID-19 related moderate to severe pulmonary involvement were identified as high-risk patients and were excluded.

Results
35 deaths occurred during the study. The frequency of deaths was significantly higher in patients with COVID-19, 6 (9.4%) than patients without COVID-19, 29 (0. 43%). The average hospitalization stay was 12.8 ± 12.1 days. The odds ratio (OR) for death was significantly higher in patients with COVID-19 than patients without COVID-19. [OR: 8.13, Confidence interval 95% (CI95%) (5.02–11.25), P: 0.001]. Four (6.3%) COVID-19-associated complications were recorded in this series that all were respiratory failure requiring unexpected postoperative ventilation. Twenty surgical complications (31.3%) were recorded. The odds ratio for ICU admission was significantly higher in patients with COVID-19 than patients without COVID-19. [OR: 5.46, CI 95% (2.68–8.68), P: 0.001].

Conclusions
An increased threshold for orthopedic surgery is suggested for COVID-19 patients with a mortality rate of 9.3%, which is less than the mortality rate in other studies.
Level of evidence III.
Morbimortality assessment in abdominal surgery: are we predicting or overreacting?
Authors: Valenzuela Sebastian , Niño Laura , Conde Danny , Girón Felipe , Rodríguez Lina , Venegas David , Rey Carlos , Nassar Ricardo , Vanegas Marco , Jiménez Daniel 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
High-risk surgical procedures represent a fundamental part of general surgery practice due to its significant rates of morbidity and mortality. Different predictive tools have been created in order to quantify perioperative morbidity and mortality risk. POSSUM (Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the enumeration of Mortality and morbidity) is one of the most widely validated predictive scores considering physiological and operative variables to precisely define morbimortality risk. Nevertheless, seeking greater accuracy in predictions P-POSSUM was proposed. We aimed to compare POSSUM and P-POSSUM for patients undergoing abdominal surgery.

Methods
A retrospective observational study with a prospective database was conducted. Patients over 18 years old who complied with inclusion criteria between 2015 and 2016 were included. Variables included in the POSSUM and P-POSSUM Scores were analyzed. Descriptive statistics of all study parameters were provided. The analysis included socio-demographic data, laboratory values ​​, and imaging. Bivariate analysis was performed.

Results
350 Patients were included in the analysis, 55.1% were female. The mean age was 55.9 ± 20.4 years old. POSSUM revealed a moderated index score in 61.7% of the patients, mean score of 12.85 points ± 5.61. 89.1% of patients had no neoplastic diagnosis associated. Overall morbidity and mortality rate was 14.2% and 7.1%. P-POSSUM could predict more precisely mortality (p < 0.00).

Conclusions
The POSSUM score is likely to overestimate the risk of morbidity and mortality in patients with high/moderate risk, while the P-POSSUM score seems to be a more accurate predictor of mortality risk. Further studies are needed to confirm our results.
‘You just really have to assert yourself:’ social work, nursing, and rehabilitation counseling student experiences of providing integrated behavioral health services before and after the immediate start of COVID-19
Authors: Alessi Edward J. , Caldwell Barbara , Zazzarino Anthony S. , Greenfield Brett , Findley Patricia A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Educators who train healthcare students to provide behavioral health services in primary care settings frequently encounter challenges as they work to ensure that students acquire the knowledge and skills to effectively function on interprofessional practice teams. This has become increasingly important during COVID-19, as interprofessional collaborative practice is needed more than ever to address the interrelated health, mental health, and social structural issues linked to the pandemic.

Methods
We used qualitative focus groups to understand the experiences of 6 interprofessional teams (comprised of graduate social work, nursing, and rehabilitation counseling students; n = 19) providing behavioral health services in primary care settings before and after the immediate start of COVID-19. To triangulate data and enrich findings, one focus group with students’ faculty supervisors was also conducted; n = 5). Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results
Four themes highlighted student participants’ need to assert themselves at the beginning of their educational experience, to communicate and learn from one another to develop positive team dynamics, to contend with role confusion and missed opportunities for collaboration, and to manage the emotional impact of COVID-19 on learning.

Conclusion
Findings indicate that educators should work with clinical faculty and agency supervisors to orient students to ensure they have role clarity within the agency. Graduate students providing behavioral health services should also learn to work collaboratively within their scopes of practice to serve patients virtually, especially in preparation for public health emergencies.
Search of antimicrobial lactic acid bacteria from Salmonella-negative dogs
Authors: Jimenez-Trigos Estrella , Toquet Marion , Barba Marta , Gómez-Martín Ángel , Quereda Juan J. , Bataller Esther 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Salmonellosis is one of the most important food-borne zoonotic disease affecting both animals and humans. The objective of the present study was to identify gastrointestinal (GI) lactic acid bacteria (LAB) of canine-origin from Salmonella-negative dogs’ faeces able to inhibit monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium previously isolated from dogs’ faeces, in order to be used as a potential probiotic in pet nutrition.

Results
Accordingly, 37 LAB were isolated from Salmonella-negative dogs’ faeces and tested against monophasic S. Typhimurium using the spot on lawn method out of which 7 strains showed an inhibition halo higher than 2.5 cm. These 7 strains were also tested with the co-culture method and one showed the greatest inhibition value (p < 0.05). Subsequently, the isolate was identified through 16S rRNA sequencing and sequence homology and designated as Ligilactobacillus salivarius (L. salivarius). LAB from Salmonella-positive dogs were also identified and none was the selected strain. Finally, to identify the mechanism of inhibition of L. salivarius, the supernatant was analyzed, and a dose response effect was observed.

Conclusions
It is concluded that the canine-origin L. salivarius, could possess some in vitro functional attributes of a candidate probiotic and could prevent monophasic S. Typhimurium colonization or inhibit its activity if the infection occurs.
Development of a one-step multiplex qRT–PCR assay for the detection of African swine fever virus, classical swine fever virus and atypical porcine pestivirus
Authors: Liu Huixin , Shi Kaichuang , Zhao Jing , Yin Yanwen , Chen Yating , Si Hongbin , Qu Sujie , Long Feng , Lu Wenjun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
African swine fever virus (ASFV), classical swine fever virus (CSFV) and atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) have caused great economic losses to the swine industry in China. Since coinfections of ASFV, CSFV and APPV occur in certain pig herds, it is necessary to accurately and differentially detect these pathogens in field-collected samples. In this study, a one-step multiplex real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (multiplex qRT–PCR) was developed for the simultaneous and differential detection of ASFV, CSFV and APPV.

Results
The one-step multiplex qRT–PCR presented here was able to simultaneously detect ASFV, CSFV and APPV but could not amplify other viruses, including porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), pseudorabies virus (PRV), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), porcine parvovirus (PPV), porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), porcine rotavirus (PRoV), porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV), border disease virus (BDV), bovine viral diarrhoea virus type 1 (BVDV-1), BVDV-2, etc. The limit of detection (LOD) of the assay was 2.52 × 101 copies/μL for ASFV, CSFV and APPV. A repeatability test using standard recombinant plasmids showed that the intra- and interassay coefficients of variation (CVs) were less than 2%. An assay of 509 clinical samples collected in Guangxi Province, southern China, from October 2018 to December 2020 showed that the positive rates of ASFV, CSFV and APPV were 45.58, 12.57 and 3.54%, respectively, while the coinfection rates of ASFV and CSFV, ASFV and APPV, CSFV and APPV were 4.91, 1.38, 0.98%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on the nucleotide sequences of the partial ASFV p72 gene showed that all ASFV strains from Guangxi Province belonged to genotypes I and II.

Conclusion
A one-step multiplex qRT–PCR with high specificity, sensitivity and repeatability was successfully developed for the simultaneous and differential detection of ASFV, CSFV and APPV.
Effects of particulate matter on hospital admissions for respiratory diseases: an ecological study based on 12.5 years of time series data in Shanghai
Authors: Peng Wenjia , Li Hao , Peng Li , Wang Ying , Wang Weibing 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Previous epidemiological studies on the association between short-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) with hospital admission in major cities in China were limited to shorter study periods or a single hospital. The aim of this ecological study based on a 12.5-year time series was to investigate the association of short-term exposure to PM with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and aerodynamic diameter ≤ 10 μm (PM10) with hospital admissions for respiratory diseases.

Methods
Daily hospital admissions data were from the Shanghai Medical Insurance System for the period January 1, 2008 to July 31, 2020. We estimated the percentage change with its 95% confidence interval (CI) for each 10 μg/m3 increase in the level of PM2.5 and PM10 after adjustment for calendar time, day of the week, public holidays, and meteorological factors applying a generalized additive model with a quasi-Poisson distribution.

Results
There were 1,960,361 hospital admissions for respiratory diseases in Shanghai during the study period. A 10 μg/m3 increase in the level of each class of PM was associated with increased total respiratory diseases when the lag time was 0 day (PM2.5: 0.755%; 95% CI: 0.422, 1.089%; PM10: 0.250%; 95% CI: 0.042, 0.459%). The PM2.5 and PM10 levels also had positive associations with admissions for COPD, asthma, and pneumonia. Stratified analyses demonstrated stronger effects in patients more than 45 years old and during the cold season. Total respiratory diseases increased linearly with PM concentration from 0 to 100 μg/m3, and increased more slowly at higher PM concentrations.

Conclusions
This time-series study suggests that short-term exposure to PM increased the risk for hospital admission for respiratory diseases, even at low concentrations. These findings suggest that reducing atmospheric PM concentrations may reduce hospital admissions for respiratory diseases.
Features of chinese patients with sitosterolemia
Authors: Zhou Zhizi , Su Xueying , Cai Yanna , Ting Tzer Hwu , Zhang Wen , Lin Yunting , Xu Aijing , Mao Xiaojian , Zeng Chunhua , Liu Li , Li Xiuzhen 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Sitosterolemia is a lipid disorder characterized by the accumulation of phytosterols in plasma and organs, caused by mutations in the ABCG5 and/or ABCG8 genes. The disease is frequently misdiagnosed and mistreated as familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). To gain a better understanding of the disease, the current status of diagnosis and treatment of Chinese patients with sitosterolemia was reviewed and summarized.

Method
Literature search was performed. The clinical features and molecular characteristics of Chinese patients with sitosterolemia were analysed. Four children with sitosterolemia and the treatment experience were described.

Results
Fifty-five patients with sitosterolemia have been reported in China. These patients were aged from 3 months to 67 years at diagnosis, and the median was 8 years of age. Several complications, such as xanthomas in 47 patients (85%), thrombocytopenia in 17 patients (31%), anemia in 14 patients (25%), and cardiovascular damage in 12 patients (22%), were observed. Thirty-nine patients (71%) exhibited mutations in the ABCG5 gene, 15 patients (27%) showed mutations in ABCG8, and variations in both genes occurred in one patient (2%). A patient with two clinically rare diseases, namely, sitosterolemia and glycogen storage disease type VI (GSD VI)), is reported here for the first time. The four reported patients were treated with low cholesterol and phytosterol-limited diet alone or combined with cholestyramine. Even though decreases were observed for total plasma cholesterol (TC) and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and these levels were as low as normal in some patients, the levels of plant sterols remained above the normal range. However, TC, LDL-C and plant sterol levels remained at high levels in patients treated with a control diet control only.

Conclusions
The analysis reveals that different from Caucasians carrying mainly variations in ABCG8, most Chinese patients have mutations in the ABCG5 gene, and Arg446Ter, Gln251Ter, anArg389His might be hot-spot mutations in Chinese patients. The current survey provides clinical data to enable the development of a standardized protocol for the diagnosis and treatment of sitosterolemia in China.
Galectin-3 and sST2: associations to the echocardiographic markers of the myocardial mechanics in systemic sclerosis – a pilot study
Authors: Vértes Vivien , Porpáczy Adél , Nógrádi Ágnes , Tőkés-Füzesi Margit , Hajdu Máté , Czirják László , Komócsi András , Faludi Réka 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundProgressive cardiac fibrosis is the central aspect of the myocardial involvement in systemic sclerosis (SSc). We hypothesized that circulating biomarkers of the cardiac fibrosis may be useful in the early diagnosis of the cardiac manifestation in this disease. Thus, we investigated the potential correlations between the levels of galectin-3, soluble suppression of tumorigenicity-2 (sST2) and the echocardiographic markers of the myocardial mechanics in SSc patients.MethodsForty patients (57.3 ± 13.7 years, 36 female) were investigated. In addition to the conventional echocardiography, tissue Doppler and speckle tracking-derived strain techniques were used to assess the function of both ventricles and atria. To estimate the correlations between galectin-3 and sST2 levels and the echocardiographic variables, partial correlation method was used with age as correcting factor.ResultsIn age adjusted analysis galectin-3 level showed significant correlation with left ventricular global longitudinal strain (r = 0.460,p = 0.005); grade of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (r = 0.394,p = 0.013); septal e’ (r = − 0.369,p = 0.021); septal E/e’ (r = 0.380,p = 0.017) and with the grade of mitral regurgitation (r = 0.323,p = 0.048). No significant correlation was found between sST2 levels and the echocardiographic variables.ConclusionsGalectin-3 levels, but not sST2 levels show significant correlation with the parameters of the left ventricular systolic and diastolic function. Galectin-3 may be a useful biomarker for the screening and early diagnosis of SSc patients with cardiac involvement.
Tranexamic acid to prevent operation in chronic subdural haematoma (TORCH): study protocol for a randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial
Authors: Immenga S. , Lodewijkx R. , Roos Y. B. W. E. M. , Middeldorp S. , Majoie C. B. L. M. , Willems H. C. , Vandertop W. P. , Verbaan D. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Chronic subdural haematoma (cSDH) occurs mainly in the elderly. Surgical evacuation is effective, but in these old, often frail, patients with multi-comorbidity, surgery carries significant risks for future cognitive functioning and loss of independency. Therefore, a growing interest is noted for a non-surgical treatment with medication such as tranexamic acid (TXA). In five small retrospective series, this antifibrinolytic drug showed a beneficial effect on the spontaneous resolution of the haematoma, and with that, the necessity for surgery.

Methods
For this randomised, placebo-controlled clinical multicentre trial, all cSDH patients, over 50 years old with mild symptoms (Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) ≥ 14, modified National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (mNIHSS) ≤ 4), a midline shift of ≤ 10 mm and in whom a primary conservative treatment is chosen, are eligible for study participation. After informed consent, 140 patients will be randomised to receive either TXA 500 mg or placebo two times daily for 28 days. The primary outcome is the necessity for surgery within 12 weeks; secondary outcomes are cSDH volume, neurological impairment (mNIHSS), falling incidents, cognitive functioning (Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA)), performance in activities of daily living (Barthel and Lawton score), functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale (mRS)), quality of life (Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and EuroQol 5-Dimension Health Survey (EQ-5D)), mortality and the use of care and health-related costs (Medical Consumption Questionnaire (iMCQ) and Productivity Cost Questionnaire (iPCQ)) at 12 weeks and 6 months.

Discussion
This phase III trial investigating the efficacy of TXA to prevent surgery for cSDH is the first in including patients using anticoagulants and mentally incompetent patients, since these comprise a significant part of the target population. Also, this study is one of the first to prospectively measure functional outcome and quality of life in cSDH patients. Final results of this study are expected in 2024.

Trial registration
Dutch Trial Registry (Nederlands Trial Register) NL6584. Registered on 11 November 2017
ClinicalTrials.govNCT03582293. Registered on 11 July 2018
EU Clinical Trials Register 2017-004311-40. Registered on 29 March 2018
Characterization and use of the ECV304 autoantigenic citrullinome to understand anti-citrullinated protein/peptide autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: de França Natalia Regine , Ménard Henri André , Lora Maximilien , Zhou Zhijie , Rauch Joyce , Hitchon Carol , Andrade Luís Eduardo Coelho , Colmegna Inés 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) are highly specific for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In vivo, ACPAs target peptidyl-citrulline epitopes (cit-) in a variety of proteins (cit-prot-ACPAs) and derived peptides (cit-pept-ACPAs) generated via the peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) isoenzymes. We aimed to identify a cell line with self-citrullination capacity, to describe its autoantigenic citrullinome, and to test it as a source of autocitrullinated proteins and peptides.

Methods
Human cell lines were screened for cit-proteins by Western blot. PAD isoenzymes were identified by RT-PCR. Autocitrullination of ECV304 was optimized, and the ECV304 autocitrullinomes immunoprecipitated by sera from three RA patients were characterized by mass spectrometry. Cit-pept-ACPAs were detected using anti-CCP2 ELISA and cit-prot-ACPAs, by an auto-cit-prot-ECV304 ELISA. Sera from 177 RA patients, 59 non-RA rheumatic disease patients and 25 non-disease controls were tested.

Results
Of the seven cell lines studied, only ECV304 simultaneously overexpressed PAD2 and PAD3 and its extracts reproducibly autocitrullinated self and non-self-proteins. Proteomic analysis of the cit-ECV304 products immunoprecipitated by RA sera, identified novel cit-targets: calreticulin, profilin 1, vinculin, new 14–3-3 protein family members, chaperones, and mitochondrial enzymes. The auto-cit-prot-ECV304 ELISA had a sensitivity of 50% and a specificity of 95% for RA diagnosis.

Conclusions
ECV304 cells overexpress two of the PAD isoenzymes capable of citrullinating self-proteins. These autocitrullinated cells constitute a basic and clinical research tool that enable the detection of cit-prot-ACPAs with high diagnostic specificity and allow the identification of the specific cit-proteins targeted by individual RA sera.