bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the effect of airflow in ramp on the ventilation performance of the underground parking lot
Authors: Kwon Yong-il 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFor efficient land use, the majority of large-scale buildings constructed in large cities are multi-story underground parking lots. The ventilation system is installed to improve the indoor air quality in multi-story underground parking lots, but if the main fan for the supply or exhaust fan and the induction fan are installed in the wrong place, the ventilation performance will suffer. The purpose of this study was to assess the performance of the ventilation system installed on B1F of the underground parking lot connected to the ramp, as well as to analyze the characteristics of the airflow created on the ramp based on the air change rate and induction fans. As a result, it was confirmed that as the air change rate decreased, the volume flow rate of SA flowing into the ramp increased significantly regardless of the number or position of induction fans. Because the flow characteristics formed in the ramp vary depending on the position of the supply/exhaust main fan, the induction fan, and the air change rate, additional research was determined to be necessary.
Corrosion of metal parts on satellites by iodine exposure in space
Authors: Zschätzsch Daniel , Benz Sebastian L. , Holste Kristof , Vaupel Max , Hey Franz G. , Kern Christine , Janek Jürgen , Klar Peter J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIodine becomes increasingly popular as alternative propellant for electric propulsion (EP) systems offering several advantages over established xenon. However, iodine is also a reactive and corrosive element. Thus, a careful material selection for the EP system itself, but also for components employed on the satellite is required in the light of typical space mission durations of several years. Here, we carefully define an approach for mimicking long-term interaction of material specimens with iodine in a space environment. The space conditions cover typical iodine atmospheres (10− 1 to 10− 4 Pa), which occur in the vicinity of a satellite employing an iodine-fed EP system, and exposure times, which correspond to 10 years of mission duration. The approach is used to expose a wide range of metal specimens commonly used on spacecraft to iodine. Chemical modifications of the surfaces of the treated samples are analyzed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The elemental metals Fe, Ti, Al, and Nb chemically react with iodine, whereas the elemental metals Ni, Cr, Ta, W, and Mo are basically inert. The stainless-steel and aluminum metal alloys show the same behavior as the corresponding dominant elemental specimens, i.e., Fe and Al, respectively. Somewhat surprisingly, Cr as constituent in stainless steel reacts with iodine, in contrast to elemental Cr. Nevertheless, our studies reveal that long-term exposure to low-pressure iodine atmospheres is not critical for the macroscopic structural integrity of all tested specimens even over space mission durations of several years. The reaction with iodine is macroscopically a surface effect, which mainly affects the optical appearance.
Reconstruction of Oral Defects with the Pedicled Buccal Fat Pad Flap
Authors: Hao Sheng Po 
Published: September 2022

Pedicled buccal fat pad flaps were used to reconstruct defects produced by resection of tumors of the oral cavity in 21 patients. The indications included defects of the oral mucosa and defects after excision of a benign or malignant tumor, preferably smaller than 5 cm in diameter. The results were excellent, and there was no added morbidity. Only 1 delay failure and 1 complication were observed. The anatomy and surgical technique are described. The results suggest that these flaps are a direct, convenient, and reliable option for the reconstruction of small defects of the oral mucosa.
Endoscopic Management of Cholesteatoma: Long‐Term Results
Authors: Tarabichi Muaaz 
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVESThis report evaluates long‐term results of transcanal endoscopic management and surveillance of cholesteatoma.METHODSSixty‐nine ears with acquired cholesteatoma underwent endoscopic transcanal tympanotomy and atticotomy to access and completely remove the sac. Reconstruction with a composite tragal graft was performed in 38 ears, and the cavities were packed open in 31 ears. Office‐based endoscopic surveillance and follow‐up were performed.RESULTSForty‐three ears were operated on with the patient under local anesthesia, and 58 were done on an outpatient basis. Three cases were converted into postauricular tympanomastoidectomy. There were no iatrogenic facial nerve injuries. Bone thresholds were stable, except in 1 patient with perilymphatic fistula. Mean follow‐up was 41 months, and 19 ears underwent 5 years of follow‐up. Six ears required revision surgery, and 9 required office‐based minor procedures.CONCLUSIONSAn endoscopic technique allows transcanal, minimally invasive management and surveillance of cholesteatoma with long‐term results that compare well to those of postauricular methods.
Endolymphatic Sac‐Vein Decompression for Intractable Meniere's Disease: Long Term Treatment Results
Authors: Ostrowski Vincent B. , Kartush Jack M. 
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVESWe sought to determine the long‐term efficacy of endolymphatic sac‐vein decompression surgery on patients with classic Meniere's disease.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGUsing the 1995 American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery Committee on Hearing and Equilibrium criteria, starting stage, functional level, vertigo class, and hearing results were addressed. We studied 68 patients with classic Meniere's disease from a tertiary, private otology‐neurotology practice. Patient data were gathered by retrospective chart review, questionnaire, and patient interview. All patients underwent endolymphatic sac‐vein decompression with an average follow‐up period of 55 months. RESULTS: Median functional level before surgery was level 4, improving to level 2 after surgery. Eighty‐one percent of patients showed improvement in functional level, 12% remained stable, and 7% declined. Long‐term vertigo control was 47% in class A, 25% in class B, 9% in class C, 3% in class D, and 16% in class F. Twenty percent of patients were in hearing stage I Meniere's disease; 31%, stage II; 44%, stage III; and 5%, stage IV. Eighteen percent of patients showed improvement in hearing class, 64% were stable, and 18% declined.CONCLUSIONEndolymphatic sac‐vein decompression surgery is a safe, nondestructive surgical option for Meniere's disease that offers durable control of vertigo and stabilization of hearing for the majority of symptomatic patients.SIGNIFICANCEThe beneficial long‐term outcome of the endolymphatic sac‐vein decompression supports its continued use as a first‐line treatment option in intractable Meniere's disease.
Assessment of Nasal Cycle by Acoustic Rhinometry and Rhinomanometry
Authors: Huang Zhi Li , Ong Kee Leong , Goh Sze Yi , Liew Han Lim , Yeoh Kian Hian , Wang De Yun 
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVEWe sought to investigate the pattern, duration, and amplitude of nasal cycle and its response to nasal decongestant.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGTen adult volunteers attended 2 sessions (with and without nasal spray of 0.1% xylometazoline) for consecutive examinations by rhinomanometry and acoustic rhinometry every 10 minutes over 6 hours.RESULTS: A spontaneous fluctuation in nasal minimum cross‐sectional area, volume, and nasal resistances (inspiration and expiration) could be observed in every consecutive measurement. A significant negative correlation (r = −0.33 to −0.70, P < 0.05) between both nasal passages was shown in 5 subjects by rhinomanometry and in 2 subjects by acoustic rhinometry but was not detectable after nasal spray with 0.1% xylometazoline.CONCLUSION: A spontaneous fluctuation in nasal patency can be documented every 10 minutes with irregular pattern, frequency, and amplitude. Classic nasal cycle is not a universal phenomenon, which can be abolished by the application of decongestant.
Short‐duration space flight and hearing loss
Authors: Roller Carrie A. , Clark Jonathan B. 
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVESThe study goal was to determine whether a single Space Shuttle mission can induce decrements in astronaut hearing.STUDY DESIGNWe retrospectively compared audiogram information obtained from Space Shuttle astronauts at 10 days preflight, day of return (R + 0), 3 days after landing return (R + 3), and at a mean delayed postflight follow‐up of 8 months.RESULTSTemporary threshold shift (mean, 4.6 dB) was noted in R + 0 versus preflight conditions (P < 0.01). Small permanent threshold shifts (mean, 0.83 dB) were found at R + 3 and postflight follow‐up compared with preflight in the lower frequencies (500 to 2000 Hz), and corresponding pure tone average (P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCEThe data indicate that a single Shuttle flight can induce a substantial temporary threshold shift and a small but statistically significant permanent threshold shift, particularly in the frequencies involved in speech reception. Although single‐mission effects are small, cumulative effects over several missions may ultimately produce clinically significant hearing loss.
The Effect of Bolus Consistency on Dysphagia in Unilateral Vocal Cord Paralysis
Authors: Bhattacharyya Neil , Kotz Tamar , Shapiro Jo 
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVETo examine the risk of aspiration for liquid versus paste bolus consistencies in patients with unilateral vocal cord paralysis (UVCP).METHODSThe swallowing function of adult patients with UVCP was prospectively studied videofluoro‐graphically to examine the incidence of laryngeal penetration and aspiration for both liquid and paste boluses. The degree of penetration or aspiration was quantified using the penetration‐aspiration scale (PAS). The presence and location of pharyngeal bolus residue were also documented for each consistency. Results were compared between liquid and paste bolus consistencies.RESULTSFifty‐five patients with UVCP were studied with a mean age of 60.2 years. Intrathoracic surgery or malignancy accounted for 38 (69.1%) of cases. The mean PAS scores for liquid and paste bolus consistency were 3.1 vs. 1.5, respectively (P < 0.001). The liquid bolus penetrated in 19 (34.5%) patients and was aspirated in 11 (20%) patients. In contrast, the paste bolus penetrated in 12 (21.8%) cases and was aspirated in 0 cases (P < 0.001). Pharyngeal residue was more likely to occur at the base of the tongue or vallecula for the paste bolus consistency versus the liquid bolus.CONCLUSIONSA significant percentage of patients with UVCP will aspirate thin liquids. Paste bolus consistencies are safer for patients with UVCP as they are much less likely to lead to penetration or aspiration despite a higher prevalence of pharyngeal residue.
Matrix Metalloproteinases in a Gerbil Cholesteatoma Model
Authors: Wilmoth Jason G. , Schultz Gregory S. , Antonelli Patrick J. 
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVEThe goal of this study was to determine whether expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) occurs in a gerbil cholesteatoma model, which may be involved early in the pathogenesis of cholesteatoma.STUDY DESIGNAtelectasis was induced by transpalatal, bilateral Eustachian tube obstruction on gerbil ears (n = 60). Tympanic membranes were removed at days 0, 3, 7, 14, 28, 56, and 84, and quantitative analysis of TNF‐α and MMPs was performed.RESULTSAtelectasis and middle ear inflammation increased with time. TNF‐α and MMP levels increased (P < 0.0083) with time, inflammation, and atelectatic stage with some variability seen between different MMPs.CONCLUSIONElevation of TNF‐α and MMPs associated with progressive tympanic membrane atelectasis suggests a possible role for these inflammatory mediators in the pathogenesis of cholesteatoma. (Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2003;129:402–7.)
Arytenoid Adduction Combined with Medialization Thyroplasty: An Evidence‐Based Review
Authors: Chester Michael W. , Stewart Michael G. 
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVEMedialization thyroplasty (MT) and arytenoid adduction (AA) are effective treatments for medializing the paralyzed vocal cord, but indications and benefits of each procedure are controversial. We performed a formal evidence‐based review to answer this question: In patients with unilateral vocal cord paralysis, does AA combined with MT significantly improve subjective and objective voice outcomes compared with MT alone?STUDY DESIGNWe performed a MEDLINE literature search using specific search terms to identify pertinent articles, which were reviewed and graded according to the evidence quality.RESULTSWe identified 219 potentially pertinent articles; detailed review yielded 10 studies for further analysis. Only 3 studies directly compared MT with AA plus MT: overall, there was no clear benefit in subjective or objective outcomes for AA plus MT.CONCLUSIONSVery limited grade C evidence indicates no clear benefit, or lack of benefit, in subjective or objective outcomes if AA is added to MT, compared with MT alone.
Ossiculoplasty with polymaleinate ionomeric prosthesis
Authors: McElveen John T. , Feghali Joseph G. , Barrs David M. , Shelton Clough , Green J. Douglas , Horn Karl L. , McKenna Michael J. , Thedinger Bradley S. , Wilson David F. , Chen Douglas A. , Krueger Wesley W. O. , Beatty Charles W. , Kurokawa Hironobu 
Published: September 2022

With the continued concern over the possible transmission of viral infections through homologous middle ear implants, there is increasing pressure to develop a truly biocompatible alloplastic middle ear prosthesis. The polymaleinate ionomer, which has been used in dentistry as a filling and luting material for more than 15 years, has recently been used to construct total and partial ossicular replacement prostheses. In an attempt to evaluate these new implants, a multicenter prospective clinical trial was initiated. To date, 92 patients have undergone implantation. The follow‐up interval ranged from 3 months to 22 months. Although it is premature to discuss the long‐term results, the preliminary surgical experience and audio‐metric data with these implants are reviewed. From a surgical perspective, the ionomeric prostheses were easily contoured with a diamond burr and were not prone to shattering. Preliminary follow‐up audiometric data were available on 80 patients (59 partial ossicular replacement prostheses and 21 total ossicular replacement prostheses). Of the 59 partial ossicular replacement prostheses the air‐bone gaps (average of 500 Hz, 1 kHz, 2 kHz and 3 kHz) were as follows: 0 dB to 10 dB, 15 (25%) of 59; 11 dB to 20 dB, 20 (34%) of 59; 21 dB to 30 dB, 11 (19%) of 59; and greater than 30 dB, 13 (22%) of 59. Of the 21 total ossicular replacement prostheses the air‐bone gaps were as follows: 0 dB to 10 dB, 6 (29%) of 21; 11 dB to 20 dB, 6 (29%) of 21; 21 dB to 30 dB, 5 (24%) of 21; and greater than 30 dB, 4 (19%) of 21.
Supplemental maxillomandibular fixation with miniplate osteosynthesis
Authors: Valentino Joseph , Marentette Lawrence J. 
Published: September 2022

Monocortical miniplate fixation provides biomechanical fixation of mandibular fractures. The ability of this system to adequately fixate fractures clinically has not been fully accepted. We analyzed our use of supplemental maxillomandibular fixation with miniplate osteosynthesis during a 5‐year period, in 287 patients with 499 mandible fractures. A retrospective, matched pairing of identical fractures fixated with identical plating schemes was carried out. Sixty‐five pairs of patients undergoing intraoral monocortical plating were identified. Patients in group 1 were treated with supplemental maxillomandibular fixation after surgery, whereas patients in group 2 were treated without postoperative maxillomandibular fixation. The rate of major complications was 11% with supplemental maxillomandibular fixation and 9% without supplemental maxillomandibular fixation (p > 0.05). The total rate of complications was 17% with supplemental maxillomandibular fixation and 20% without supplemental maxillomandibular fixation (p > 0.05). No statistically significant outcome advantage could be attributed to the use of maxillomandibular fixation.
Comparison of polydioxanone and silicone plastic in the prevention of adhesive otitis media in the mongolian gerbil
Authors: Liening Douglas A. , McGath John H. , McKinney Luann 
Published: September 2022

Adhesion of the tympanic membrane to the promontory may occur in chronic otitis media or in the postoperative ear. Silicone plastic sheets are commonly used to form a physical barrier to adhesion. These sheets are generally well tolerated, but they are subject to occasional extrusion, encapsulation, or foreign body reaction. The ideal barrier to adhesion formation would be a nonreactive, flexible, absorbable substance that would obviate long‐term toxicity considerations. In this study polydioxanone sheets were compared with silicone plastic sheets in the middle ear of the Mongolian gerbil. The eustachian tube was cauterized to create severe tympanic membrane retraction. A fabricated sheet of polydioxanone was implanted in the middle ear of 30 Mongolian gerbils and compared with silicone plastic sheets implanted in another group of 30 animals. A sham operation was performed on the other ear to serve as a surgical control. Evaluation of the temporal bones at 5, 10, and 15 weeks showed no significant differences in the rate of adhesion formation, effusion formation, or polymorphonuclear infiltration by the Fisher exact test. There was histologic evidence that polydioxanone was still providing an effective barrier at 10 weeks. The results of this study demonstrate that polydioxanone sheets are as effective and as well tolerated as silicone plastic sheets in an animal model. Further study of polydioxanone in this role is warranted.
c‐erbB‐2/neu Oncogene and Ki‐67 Analysis in the assessment of palatal salivary gland neoplasms
Authors: Giannoni Carla , El‐Naggar Adel K. , Ordonez Nelson G. , Nora Tu Z. , Austin John , Luna Mario A. , Batsakis John G. 
Published: September 2022

To evaluate the role of the Ki‐67 proliferation antigen and c‐erbB‐2/neu oncogene expression in the clinical assessment of salivary gland tumors, we followed up 71 patients with minor salivary tumors of the palate. All benign neoplasms (n= 18) showed low Ki‐67 scores (< 12%), whereas 26% (14 of 53) of malignant neoplasms manifested high Ki‐67 scores (<12%). A significant statistical difference between Ki‐67 scores for benign and malignant neoplasms was observed (p < 0.001). Ki‐67 index also correlated significantly with malignant tumor grade (p = 0.04) and patient survival (p = 0.02). Only 1 of the 18 benign tumors had c‐erbB‐2/neu oncogene overexpression. A significant difference between c‐erbB‐2/neu overexpression in benign and malignant tumors was observed (p = 0.01). Overexpression of c‐erbB‐2/neu oncogene was noted in 38% (16 of 42) of malignant tumors and was significantly associated with aggressive tumor behavior (p <0.001). Multivariate analysis of significant factors revealed that gender, tumor stage, and c‐erbB‐2/neu oncogene overexpression were jointly predictive of survival. Our data indicate that although the Ki‐67 proliferating antigen and c‐erbB‐2/neu oncogene expression may reflect certain intrinsic biologic properties of these neoplasms, only c‐erbB‐2/neu overexpression is significantly associated with their biologic aggression.
Results of surgical salvage for radiation failures of laryngeal carcinoma
Authors: Po Wing Yuen Anthony , Ignace Wei William , Ming Ho Chiu 
Published: September 2022

The results of surgical salvage of radiation failures of laryngeal carcinoma were reviewed. There were 167 stage T3 and T4 patients. The operative mortality was 7%. The complication rates were 8% wound infection, 13% chest complication, and 25% anastomotic leakage. After the first salvage operation, pharyngeal recurrence developed in 28 (48%) patients. Seven (25%| patients were feasible for second salvage operation, and none of them had further local recurrence. There were 9 (5%) tracheostomal recurrences. Of the 126 NO patients, 23(18%) had nodal recurrence, and only 5 of the nodal recurrences were feasible for salvage by radical neck dissection. All 41 node‐positive patients underwent radical neck dissection, and 9 (23%) had nodal recurrence. Of the 126 node‐negative patients, 19 (15%) had distant metastasis. Of the 41 node‐positive patients, 18 (44%) had distant metastasis. The node‐positive patients had a significantly high distant failure rate despite locoregional control of tumor. The adjusted 5‐year survival rate of T3‐4NOMO was 45%, and that of T3‐4N + MO was 22%.
Imaging of the vestibule
Authors: Vignaud Jacqueline , Marsot‐Dupuch Kathleen , Pharaboz Christian , Derosier Christian , Cordoliani Yves‐Sebastien 
Published: September 2022

PURPOSEState‐of‐the‐art imaging of the normal and pathologic vestibule.METHODS AND MATERIALThis study is based on the experience of three French imaging centers (Val de Grâce, Bégin, and Saint‐Antoine hospitals) working with 1‐ and 1.5‐tesla magnetic resonance units and high‐resolution computed tomography, and it includes a review of the literature. Computed tomography is performed with a high‐resolution program, matrix 512 × 512, field of view 9.6 cm, joined 1‐mm section, overlapped sections every 0.5 mm, axial and coronal sections, or reformatted images. High‐resolution magnetic resonance imaging (matrix 512 × 384), field of view 18 cm, is used with fast T2‐weighted sequences (sections 3 or 2 mm thick, constructive interference in steady state, T2‐weighted gradient echo sequence three‐dimensional Fourier transformation). A joined section of 0.7 mm in any direction is obtained if necessary. Superimposition of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging with a stereotactic technique by identification of identical anatomic points is sometimes used.RESULTSWe review the interest and place of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in the diseases of the labyrinth and internal auditory canal related to abnormal vestibular functions: inflammatory labyrinthitis, vestibular hemorrhages, sclerosing and ossifying labyrinthitis, traumatism, malformations, perilymphatic fistulas, otosclerosis, tumors, cochleovestibular neuritis, and hydrops of the endolymphatic system.