bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of prevention of SARS-CoV-2 transmission among unvaccinated Italian healthcare workers: a nested case-control study
Authors: Collatuzzo Giulia , Mansour Ihab , Ciocan Catalina , Ditano Giorgia , Godono Alessandro , Rossello Paola , Coggiola Maurizio , Pira Enrico , Boffetta Paolo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: This study aims at investigating the association between personal protection equipment (PPE) use and SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers (HCWs) during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We analyzed occupational surveillance contact forms notified between March and September 2020 by Italian HCWs, which were followed by a PCR test. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for positive PCR test based on characteristics of HCWs and contacts, including self-reported symptoms and PPE use, were calculated through multivariable logistic regression models. Results: Overall, 4,883 contacts reported by 2,952 HCWs, were included in the analysis. A total of 224 contacts (4.6%) among 144 HCWs (4.9%) resulted in a positive PCR test. No difference was found based on sex, age, employment in a COVID-19 unit, or job title, except for an OR of 0.30 (95% CI 0.11-0.78) for resident physicians, compared to administrative staff. The ORs for use of surgical mask were 0.59 (95% CI=0.40-0.86) for use only by HCW, 0.49 (95% CI=0.22-1.07) for use only by the infected person, and 0.40 (95% CI=0.27-0.60) for use by both, compared to use by neither. Use of other PPEs was not associated with infection, while the OR for hand sanitation was 0.61 (95% CI=0.40-0.93). HCW reporting fever, cough, and asthenia had a higher risk of infection. Conclusions: Use of surgical masks was associated with a 40-60% lower risk of infection, especially when both HCW and the infected individual used it. Our results quantify the role played by mask use and hand sanitation in preventing SARS-CoVARSV-2 transmission in high-risk circumstances in the hospital setting.
A framework to analyze opinion formation models
Authors: Devia Carlos Andres , Giordano Giulia 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Comparing model predictions with real data is crucial to improve and validate a model. For opinion formation models, validation based on real data is uncommon and difficult to obtain, also due to the lack of systematic approaches for a meaningful comparison. We introduce a framework to assess opinion formation models, which can be used to determine the qualitative outcomes that an opinion formation model can produce, and compare model predictions with real data. The proposed approach relies on a histogram-based classification algorithm, and on transition tables. The algorithm classifies an opinion distribution as perfect consensus, consensus, polarization, clustering, or dissensus; these qualitative categories were identified from World Values Survey data. The transition tables capture the qualitative evolution of the opinion distribution between an initial and a final time. We compute the real transition tables based on World Values Survey data from different years, as well as the predicted transition tables produced by the French-DeGroot, Weighted-Median, and Bounded Confidence models, and we compare them. Our results provide insight into the evolution of real-life opinions and highlight key directions to improve opinion formation models.
Rapid Relapse of Symptomatic Omicron SARS-CoV-2 Infection Following Early Suppression with Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir
Authors: Charness Michael , Gupta Kalpana , Stack Gary , Strymish Judith , Adams Eleanor , Lindy David , Mohri Hiroshi , Ho David 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We describe relapse of COVID-19 symptoms and SARS-CoV-2 viral load following nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (NM/R) in 8 non-immunocompromised patients aged 31 to 71-years-old. Most patients improved rapidly after treatment with NM/R and had negative antigen or PCR tests prior to relapse on Days 9-12 of their illness. Relapse symptoms were described most frequently as cold symptoms, though some patients experiencing a recurrence of fatigue and headache. All relapses resolved without additional antiviral treatment. Viral load during relapse was comparable to levels during initial infection. Sequencing in three patients indicated that relapse was not due to a treatment-emergent mutation or infection with a different viral strain. One patient transmitted SARS-CoV-2 to two family members during relapse. The presence of high viral load and the occurrence of one transmission event suggest that patients with relapse should isolate until antigen testing is negative.
Personal Health Record Implementation in Rural Primary Care: A Descriptive Exploratory Study using RE-AIM Framework
Authors: Davis Selena , Smith Mindy , Burton Lindsay , Rush Kathy L 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundDemand is emerging for personal health records (PHRs), a patient-centric digital tool for engaging in shared decision-making and healthcare data management. This study uses a RE-AIM framework to explore rural patients and providers’ perceptions prior to and following implementation of a PHR. MethodsHealth care providers and their patients were recruited from early-adopter patient medical home clinics and a local patient advisory group. Focus groups were used to explore patient and provider pre-implementation perceptions of PHRs and post-implementation provider perspectives. Patients were invited through participating clinics to use the PHR. Data sources included pre-/post-intervention patient surveys and PHR/EHR administrative data. ResultsBoth patient and provider focus groups described PHRs as providing a comprehensive health story and enhanced communication. Patients prioritized collection of health promotion data while providers endorsed health-related, clinical data. Both groups expressed the need for managing expectations and setting boundaries on PHR use. The evaluation indicated Reach: 16% of targeted patients participated and an additional 127 patients used the PHR as a tool during the COVID-19 pandemic. Effectiveness: Patient satisfaction with use was neutral, with no significant changes to quality of life, self-efficacy, or patients’ activation. Adoption: 44% of eligible clinics participated, primarily those operated publicly versus privately, in smaller communities, and farther from a regional hospital. Implementation: Despite system interoperability expectations, at time of roll out, information exchange standards had not been reached. Additional implementation complications arose from the onset of the pandemic. One clinic on-boarded additional patients resulting in a rapid spike in PHR use. Maintenance: All clinics discontinued PHR within the study period, citing several key barriers to use. Conclusions RE-AIM offers a valuable process evaluation framework for a comprehensive depiction of impact, and how to drive future success. Interoperability, patient agency and control, and provider training and support are critical obstacles to overcome in PHR implementation.
The Impact of COVID-19 on an Irish Emergency Department (ED): Unlocking the Factors influencing Decision to Attend the ED in a Repeated Measure, Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Cummins Niamh M. , Garavan Carrie , Barry Louise A. , Devlin Collette , Corey Gillian , Cummins Fergal , Ryan Damien , McCarthy Gerard , Galvin Rose 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background Emergency Department (ED) crowding is a global public health crisis which has been compounded by the COVID-19 pandemic. The collateral damage of SARS-CoV-2 is a serious concern in the Emergency Medicine (EM) community, specifically in relation to delayed care increasing morbidity and mortality in attendances unrelated to COVID-19. The objectives of this study are to describe the profile of patients attending an Irish ED prior to, and during the pandemic, and to investigate the factors influencing ED utilisation in this cohort.Methods This was a repeated measure, cross-sectional study with recruitment at three time-points prior to the onset of COVID-19 in December 2019 (n=47) and February 2020 (n=57) and post-Lockdown 1 in July 2020 (n=70). At each time-point all adults presenting over a 24h period were eligible for inclusion. Clinical data were collected via electronic records and a questionnaire provided information on demographics, healthcare utilisation, service awareness and factors influencing the decision to attend the ED.Results The demographic and clinical profile of patients across time-points was comparable in terms of age (p=0.904), gender (p=0.584) and presenting complaint (p=0.556). Median length of stay in the ED decreased from 7.25h (IQR 4.18-11.22) in February to 3.86h (IQR 0.41-9.14) in July (p≤0.005) and differences were observed in disposition (p≤0.001). COVID-19 influenced decision to attend the ED for 31% of patients with 9% delaying presentation. Post-lockdown, patients were less likely to attend the ED for reassurance (p≤0.005), for a second opinion (p≤0.005) or to see a specialist (p≤0.05).Conclusions This study illustrates the importance of addressing capacity and flow in the wider hospital and within community services. Sustainable system-wide solutions are required to tackle ED crowding and COVID-19 may have provided further evidence that the solutions lie largely outside of the ED. These findings provide useful information for hospitals with regard to pandemic preparedness and also have wider implications for planning of future health service delivery.
Evaluation of a Novel Optical Smartphone Blood Pressure Application: A Method Comparison Study against Invasive Arterial Blood Pressure Monitoring in Intensive Care Unit Patients
Authors: Desebbe Olivier , Anas Chbabou , Alexander Brenton , Kouz Karim , Knebel Jean-Francois , Schoettker Patrick , Creteur Jacques , Vincent Jean-Louis , Joosten Alexandre 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundArterial hypertension is a public health problem worldwide. It is currently diagnosed and monitored non-invasively using the oscillometric method. Being able to measure blood pressure (BP) using a smartphone application could provide more widespread access to hypertension screening and monitoring. In this observational study in intensive care unit patients, we compared blood pressure values obtained using a new optical smartphone application (OptiBP™; test method) with arterial BP values obtained using a radial artery catheter (reference method).MethodsWe simultaneously measured three BP values every hour for five consecutive hours on two consecutive days using the two methods. Bland-Altman and error grid analyses were used for agreement analysis between both methods. The performance of the smarphone application was investigated using the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) definitions, which require the bias ± SD between two technologies to be below 5 ± 8 mmHg.ResultsAmong the 30 recruited patients, 22 patients had adequate OptiBP™ values and were thus analyzed. The Bland-Altman analysis revealed a mean of the differences ± SD between both methods of 0.9 ± 7 mmHg for mean arterial pressure (MAP), 0.2 ± 14 mmHg for systolic arterial pressure (SAP), and 1.1 ± 6 mmHg for diastolic arterial pressure (DAP). Error grid analysis demonstrated that the proportions of measurement pairs in risk zones A to E were 88.8% (no risk), 10% (low risk), 1% (moderate risk), 0% (significant risk), and 0% (dangerous risk) for MAP and 88.4%, 8.6%, 3%, 0%, 0%, respectively, for SAP.ConclusionsThis method comparison study revealed good agreement between BP values obtained using the OptiBP™ and those done invasively. The OptiBP™ fulfills the AAMI/ISO universal standards for MAP and DAP (but not SAP). Error grid showed that the most measurements (≥ 97%) were in risk zones A and B.ClinicalTrials.gov registrationNCT04728477
Design a novel nonlinear controller based on sum of square relaxation to obtain an optimal controller with stability guarantee applied on PEMFC nonlinear model
Authors: Sobhani Behnam , Rahmani Zahra 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) is considered a type of fuel cell in industry and is significantly welcome since it is an environmentally friendly technology that eliminates the pollution caused by burning fossil fuels. Minimizing the consumption power internally through the air-feed systems of PEMFCs along with maximizing the net power output lead to the most optimal control results. Hence, the present paper is conducted to control these parameters optimally. Most previous works used linear models of PEMFC to deal with control problems. Linear models cannot exactly model the nonlinear behavior of the PEMFC stacks. Accordingly, the open-loop nonlinear system is presented as state-dependent polynomial equations, and the state feedback method is employed to design the controller. Furthermore, semi-definite programming (SDP) based on the sum of square (SOS) relaxation is used to solve the state-dependent polynomial nonlinear model numerically. On the other hand, due to the high response time of SOS-based control design methods, the feasibility problem of SOS-based method is conceived as an optimization problem to decrease the response time. The most important advantage of the proposed method is that this method guarantees the stability. This method is applied to PEMFC stack. A comparison is also made between the results obtained in this study and the results of one of the most valuable previous studies. Accordingly, the proposed method could outperform its counterpart method regarding the accuracy and efficiency.
A New Implantation Method for Orthodontic Anchor Screws
Authors: Tokuyama-Toda Reiko , Umeki Hirochika , Ide Shinji , Kobayashi Fumitaka , Tooyama Shunnosuke , Umehara Mai , Tadokoro Susumu , Tomonari Hiroshi , Satomura Kazuhito 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether the positional relationship between the underside of the screw head and the surface of the alveolar bone could alter the stress on the two surfaces and affect the stability of implanted anchor screws. Materials and Methods: Animal experiments show that, in the conventional screw implantation procedure, oral mucosa between the base of the screw head and the bone creates a spatial gap. Removal of the oral mucosa eliminates this gap. We compared the positional difference of the screw in a contact and gap group by analyzing stress distribution on the bone and screw. Results: Analysis using the finite element method showed that more stress was loaded on both the bone and screw in the gap group than in the contact group. Cortical bone thickness did not affect stress in either group. The effects of different load strengths were similar between groups. Conclusions: A surgical procedure in which mucosal coverings are removed so that implanted anchor mini-screws are in contact with the bone surface was found to reduce stress load on both the bone and screw. Clinical Relevance: This procedure can be used to prevent undesirable dislodgement of implanted mini-screws.
Study of the Quality of Life in Egyptian University Students with IBS
Authors: Ahmed Nancy , Wakil Hala El , Agwa Ramy , Ahmed Mohamed 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background/ Purpose:
The assessment of QoL grew, yet little attention had been given to QoL of university students. We aimed to study quality of life in different Egyptian university students, find the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome among university students and the relation of IBS to QoL.
Methods:
656 students were included in the study 82 from each faculty, two questionnaires (quality of life and ROME IV) were handed over to students of Faculties of Medicine and Education in Mansoura, Alexandria, Port Said and Assiut Universities.
Results:
Only 365 students completed the questionnaire, Medical students had significantly lower QoL than students in Faculty of Education (median score of QoL in medical students = 127 vs 152 in non-medical students). Male students (median score of QoL = 142) had higher QoL than female students (median score of QoL = 134). Younger students had higher QoL scores in all dimensions than older students (median score of QoL = 147 vs 129). Only 40 students had IBS (11%).
Conclusion:
Medical students had significantly lower QoL than non-medical students. Male and younger students had significantly higher QoL than female and older students respectively. Prevalence of IBS among students was 11%.
Simulation and optimization of surface gas injection system for underground gas storage
Authors: Lin Mingzhen , Wu Xiayue , Liu Ting , Yu pengpeng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: With the rapid development and popularization of sensing technology and information technology，the oil and gas industry has an increasingly strong demand for intelligence，which is also true for gas storage，and the optimized operation of surface engineering is an important embodiment of intelligence. In order to master the operation law of surface engineering of gas storage, improve the level of production management and reduce the cost of gas injection, we investigate the stimulation and optimization of a surface gas injection system of practical underground gas storage. Method: According to the ideal gas equation of state, the calculation formula for gas injection well pressure is proposed and verified by actual data, which is taken as the constraint condition, the surface gas injection system is modeled by using Aspen HYSYS simulation software. Results: Through the variation of compressor power, it is consumed that the optimal injection pattern is pressure equalizing injection and the optimal number of injection wells is three wells. Besides, the relationship between injection flow and well pressure with injection time under the optimal injection pattern is studied. Finally, the functional formulas of well pressure and injection flow with injection time are obtained. Conclusions: The results obtained can not only provide a basis for the gas injection decision-making of production systems but also can provide basic guarantee for the digital transformation and intelligent operation of enterprises.
Dacomitinib overcomes afatinib-refractory carcinomatous meningitis in a lung cancer patient harbouring EGFR Ex.19 deletion and G724S mutation; A case report
Authors: Kunimasa Kei , Sugimoto Naotoshi , Tamiya Motohiro , Inoue Takako , Kawamura Takahisa , Nishino Kazumi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Dacomitinib is an irreversible, oral small-molecule inhibitor of not only EGFR but also the entire ErbB family. Both dacomitinib and afatinib are classified as second-generation EGFR-TKIs (tyrosine kinase inhibitors). Afatinib was approved in 2013, prior to dacomitinib, which was approved later in 2018. In the meantime, osimertinib, a third-generation EGFR-TKI, was approved in 2015. Consequently, the position of dacomitinib in EGFR-TKI treatment is unclear due to the differences in approval timing. Recently, it has been reported that the efficacy of EGFR-TKI is predicted, not by which exon of the EGFR gene is mutated, but by the structural change in the EGFR protein due to the mutation. Here, we present an EGFR-mutated lung cancer patient with a long history of treatment, in which EGFR ex.19 deletion (E746_S752 > V) and G724S mutations were detected by liquid biopsy during afatinib resistance, and switching to dacomitinib showed improvement of cancerous meningitis. The optimal EGFR-TKI may be selected by understanding the EGFR compound mutation profile by next generation sequencing and predicting the effect based on the structure. Dacomitinib may be effective in afatinib-refractory carcinomatous meningitis.
The SHDRA syndrome associated gene TMEM260 encodes a protein-specific O-mannosyltransferase
Authors: Larsen Ida , Povolo Lorenzo , Zhou Luping , Tian Weihua , Mygind Kasper , Hintze John , Jiang Chen , Hartill Verity , Prescott Katrina , Johnson Colin , Mullegama Sureni , McConkie-Rosell Allyn , McDonald Marie , Hansen Lars , Vakhrushev Sergey , Schjoldager Katrine , Clausen Henrik , Worzfeld Thomas , Joshi Hiren , halim Adnan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Mutations in the TMEM260 gene cause structural heart defects and renal anomalies syndrome (SHDRA), but the function of the encoded protein remains unknown. We report that TMEM260 is an ER-located protein O-mannosyltransferase that selectively glycosylates defined extracellular immunoglobulin, plexin, transcription factor (IPT) domains of the hepatocyte growth factor receptor (cMET), macrophage-stimulating protein receptor (RON), and plexin receptors. We demonstrate that disease-causing TMEM260 mutations impair O-mannosylation of IPT domains and that TMEM260 knock out in cells results in receptor maturation defects and abnormal growth of 3D cell models. Thus, our study identifies a new, receptor-specific O-mannosylation pathway that serves critical functions during epithelial morphogenesis.
Opiorphin as a biomarker of orofacial conditions: a meta-analysis
Authors: Porporatti André Luís , Machado Claudia Aparecida De Oliveira , Alajbeg Ivan , Alajbeg Iva , Paszynska Elzbieta , Dmitrzak-Weglarz Monika , Braud Adeline , Boucher Yves 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
ObjectivesThe aim of this meta-analysis was to answer the following question: “Which are the different concentrations of Opiorphins biomarker in orofacial conditions compared to control?”.Materials and MethodsTwo reviewers searched for observational studies that evaluate the effect of Opiorphin in orofacial conditions, published on seven main databases and three from grey-literature.ResultsOf the 443 articles obtained, 08 met the inclusion criteria for quantitative analyses. Relative percentage showed mean 24.1% more opiorphin concentration in Chronic Conditions (Burning Mouth Syndrome, Oral Potentially Malignant and Temporomandibular Disorder) than controls; 33.2% more opiorphin in sustained pain (Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis, Symptomatic Apical Periodontitis, Painful Oral Soft-tissue Conditions); and 21.7% more opiorphin after stimuli (Corneal Foreign Body, Capsaicin). Meta-analysis found that chronic group showed 0.62 ng/ml [0.02, 1.22] more absolute concentration of opiorphin in saliva than controls. Sustained group showed 2.24 ng/ml [0.34, 4.14] more absolute concentration of opiorphin. Stimuled group showed 0.43 ng/ml [0.00, 0.85] more absolute concentration of opiorphin after stimulus. No difference in opiorphin were founded after Local Anesthesia before Tooth Extraction and Apicectomy.ConclusionsBased on the available evidence, in general, a statistically higher level of opiorphin was founded in orofacial conditions. Clinical Relevance: Salivary opiorphin levels are elevated in chronic, sustained and acute pain conditions, reflecting a physiological homeostatic adaptative response to different conditions such as fear, stress or pain. Salivary opiorphin might therefore be used as a valuable biomarker in several oral conditions.
Propolis in the Diet of Blue-Fronted Amazons (Amazona aestiva spp): Digestibility of Minerals
Authors: Silva Cínthia Rio Branco da , Vieira José Cavalcante Souza , Teixeira Carlos Roberto , Padilha Pedro Magalhães , Veiga Nabor , Orsi Ricardo Oliveira 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of propolis on the digestibility of minerals in the diet of blue-fronted amazon (Amazona aestiva). For this, 10 adult birds (5 males and 5 females) were separated into two groups (Control and Propolis 0.5% m/m). The apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of the following minerals was analyzed by spectrometry: calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), potassium (K), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn) and nickel (Ni). ANOVA was used to evaluate ADC analyzes of the minerals, as well as the Pearson correlation between the ADC of the control and propolis rations. There were lower correlations in the ADC of the minerals of the birds that received propolis ration. It was concluded that parrots consuming propolis-containing ration showed better ADC levels, possibly due to the reduction in the interaction between the minerals and the alteration of the intestinal flora by propolis.