bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KEMAMPUAN MENGANALISIS NILAI-NILAI MORAL CERPEN “RABIAH” KARYA HASAN AL BANNA MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN GROUP INVESTIGATION PADA SISWA KELAS X SMA MUHAMMADIYAH 1 MEDAN
Authors: Siregar Rabiatul Adawiyah 
Published: August 2022

Penanaman nilai karakter yang menghasilkan nilai moral dapat diterapkan dari pembelajaran bahasa indonesia salah satunya adalah mengenai kemampuan siswa menganalisis nilai-nilai cerpen. Cerpen yang dianalisisi cerpen yang berjudul “Rabiah” karya Hasan Al Banna melalui model group investigation. Model pembelajaran group investigation ini sangat efektif dan efisien dilakukan dalam pembelajaran menganalisis cerpen jika dibandingkan dengan strategi konvensional. Penulis telah melakukan penelitian pada siswa kelas X SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Medan. Hasilnya terlihat bahwa model group investigation dapat meningkatkan kemampuan menganalisis nilai-nilai cerpen “Rabiah” karya Hasal Al-Banna.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran ARIAS Terhadap Kemampuan Menganalisis Struktur Teks Prosedur oleh Siswa Kelas XI SMA
Authors: Arianto Arianto , Lubis Lailan Syafira Putri , Anwar Wulandari 
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana Pengaruh Model pembelajaran ARIAS terhadap kemampuan menganalisis struktur teks prosedur siswa kelas XI SMA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk:1) Untuk mengetahui kemampuan siswa dalam menganalisis struktur teks prosedur dengan menggunakan Model Pembelajaran ARIAS Oleh Siswa Kelas XI SMA Persiapan Stabat. 2) Untuk mengetahui kemampuan menganalisis struktur teks prosedur dengan menggunakan model ceramah oleh siswa Kelas XI SMA Persiapan Stabat. 3) Untuk mengetahui adakah pengaruh Model Pembelajaran ARIAS Terhadap Kemampuan menganalisis struktur teks prosedur oleh siswa Kelas XI SMA Persiapan Stabat. Dalam pelaksanaan penelitian ini penulis menggunakan metode eksperimen yaitu penelitian yang dilakukan untuk melihat apakah ada perbedaan hasil sebagai sebab adanya perbedaan perlakuan yang diberikan pada eksperimen dan kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes essai. Berdasarkan teknik analisis data, dapat diketahui bahwa kemampuan menganalisis struktur teks prosedur dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran ARIAS memperoleh nilai rata-rata 72,54 termasuk dalam kategori baik dan kemampuan menganalisis struktur teks prosedur model ceramah memperoleh nilai rata-rata 54,6 termasuk dalam kategori baik. Berdasarkan uji-t, dengan Hasil pengujian pada taraf α= 0,05 diperoleh thitung > t tabel yaitu 24,05 >1,669. maka Ho ditolak Ha dan diterima. Oleh karena itu, terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan Pengaruh Model pembelajaran ARIAS terhadap kemampuan menganalisis struktur teks prosedur oleh siswa kelas XI SMA Persiapan Stabat. Model pembelajaran pembelajaran ARIAS efektif digunakan dalam pembelajaran menganalisis struktur teks prosedur oleh siswa kelas XI SMA.
The Fundamentals of Printed Textile Design
Authors: Russell Alex 
Published: August 2022

In this essential introduction to contemporary printed textile design, designer and educator Alex Russell explores creative and commercial studio practice, including:
- developing sophisticated skills with image and colour
- how to make effective use of context in your work
- strategies for a career in design
You’ll learn how history and technology shape print design, plus how to balance innovation with industry requirements, including fashion, home interiors, giftware and stationery. There’s practical advice on developing a professional portfolio, and how good communication skills can get your work noticed.
This updated edition includes expanded sections on digital design and social media, and their impact on portfolio development, manufacturing, and promotion, as well as advice on establishing an ethical, sustainable practice for the future.
Nilai Kepentingan Budaya Keanekaragamaan Jenis Sayuran Indegenous Dalam Kehidupan Masyarakat di Kampung Sire Distrik Mare Timur Kabupaten Maybrat Papua Barat
Authors: Maruapey Azis , Ohorella Syarif , Karepesina Sedek 
Published: August 2022

Sayuran indigenous adalah sayuran asli suatu daerah di Indonesia yang berasal dari daerah atau ekosistem tertentu. Sayuran indigenous merupakan salah satu sumberdaya hayati yang kaya manfaat dan memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai sayuran alternative. Studi ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan telaah informasi dan dokumentasi dari masyarakat. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik wawancara terhadap masyarakat melalui Focus Group Disscusion (FGD) dan observasi lapangan. Jenis jenis sayuran indegenous yang penting dalam kehidupan budaya masyarakat di Kampung Sire Distrik Mare Timur Kabupaten Maybrat ditemukan sebanyak 10 (sepuluh) jenis antara lain Melinjo, Rebung, Paku, Pakis, Kecipir, Labu, Buah merah, Jamur, Gohi dan Gedi. Nilai penting sayuran indegenous berdasarkan nilai manfaat tertinggi ada pada jenis Melinjo (1,34), Paku (1,2) dan Gohi (1,2). Ini membuktikan bahwa jenis sayuran indegenous ketiga jenis tersebut sangan bermanfaat bagi kehidpan masyarakat di Kampung Sire sebagai pangan sayuran alternatif. Nilai Kepentingan Budaya (Index of Cultural Significanse / ICS) jenis sayuran indegenous yang teringgi ada pada jenis Melinjo yakni dengan nilai ICS sebesar 96, sehingga dapat dijelaskan bahwa jenis sayuran indegenous Melinjo tersebut memiliki nilai kepentingan budaya yang tinggi dalam hal nilai intensitas dan nilai eklusifitas bagi kehidupan masyarakat di Kampung Sire.
Analisis Vegetasi Pada Kawasan Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Air Besar di Desa Selagur Kota Kecamatan Siritaun Wida Timur Kabupaten Seram Bagian Timur
Authors: Botanri Samin , Buaklofin Rismawati , Karepesina Sedek , Kamsurya M Yani 
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui indeks nilai penting vegetasi di Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS), khususnya tingkat Pohon dan Tiang. Pengamatan di lakukan di DAS Air Besar di Desa Selagur Kota Kecamatan Siritaun wida Timur Kabupaten Seram Bagian Timur. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengukuran dan pengamatan vegetasi adalah menggunakan metode transek/jalur garis berpetak tunggal. Pengambilan sampel diambil pada masing–masing jenis vegetasi yang ditemukan dalam petak/areal dengan ukuran 20 x 20 m dan 10 x 10 m, masing-masing untuk kelas Pohon dan Tiang. Indeks nilai penting (INP) tanaman tingkat Pohon tertinggi adalah Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) (57,62) diikuti dengan Samama (Anthocephallus macrophyllus) (53,55). Sementara itu untuk tingkat tiang, INP tertinggi adalah Ebony (Dyospiros celebia) dan diikuti oleh Gofasa (Vitex sp.).
The GRACE risk score in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and concomitant COVID-19
Authors: Wójcik Mariusz , Karpiak Jakub , Zaręba Lech , Przybylski Andrzej 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionAcute coronary syndrome represents a major cause of mortality throughout the world. To date, there are only a few reports of ST-segment elevation type 1 myocardial infarction in patients with COVID-19. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and angiographic characteristics alongside the prediction of in-hospital mortality using the GRACE risk score in this group.Material and methodsThis was a single-center, retrospective study of consecutive patients admitted to a multi-specialist hospital with confirmed ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Demographic, clinical and angiographic characteristics were compared between survivors and non-survivors.ResultsTwenty-five patients, of whom 23 (92%) were men, with confirmed STEMI and COVID-19, with a median age of 70 years and high comorbidity burden, were included in this study. They were treated with percutaneous coronary intervention and 12 (48%) of them died. Non-survivors had elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) (p = 0.026) and D-dimer (p = 0.042) and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (30 ±9 vs. 41 ±7; p = 0.003). Postprocedural TIMI 3 flow grade was less frequently observed in this group (p = 0.039). There was a higher GRACE score in the non-survivor group (mean ± SD; 210 ±35 vs. 169 ±42, p = 0.014). In ROC analysis, GRACE score predicted in-hospital death with an AUC of 0.788 (95% CI: 0.6–0.98, p = 0.014). A score of 176 was identified as the optimal cut-off with a sensitivity of 92% and specificity of 69%.ConclusionsThe GRACE risk score is a good predictor of in-hospital mortality in patients presenting with STEMI with concomitant COVID-19.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of partial splenic endovascular embolization in patients with refractory thrombocytopaenia
Authors: Rabczyński Maciej , Fenc Monika , Dybko Jarosław , Garcarek Jerzy , Miś Marcin , Guziński Maciej 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionPartial splenic endovascular embolization (PSEE) could be an option for patients with thrombocytopaenia (TCP). We selected a group of 22 patients diagnosed with refractory TCP to undergo PSEE, and we followed them for detailed analysis.Material and methodsTwenty-two patients aged 27-75 years (mean 46.5 ± 3.5 years) underwent PSEE, and 5 participants underwent a second PSEE due to the lack of effectiveness after the first procedure. A total of 27 PSEEs were performed. A semi-quantitative scale was used to assess the severity of the post-embolization syndrome. The percentage of spleen parenchyma excluded from circulation was 30-70%. We used the mixture of Histoacryl N-butyl cyanoacry­late glue and Lipiodol in 10 cases, spirals in 10 cases, and polyvinyl alcohol in 7 cases, for the embolization.ResultsThe mean value of platelet count (PLT) before procedure increased from 22.0 ± 15.0 to 87.7 ± 67.9 (p < 0.05) in a mean period of 194 days. In 2 cases severe post-embolization syndrome was observed. Closure less than 50% of the spleen circulation was associated with poorly expressed post-embolization symptoms. Serious complications occurred in 1 patient (3.5%). A strong positive correlation (r = 0.8, p < 0.05) was found between C-reactive protein (CRP) and the severity of post-embolization syndrome. Increased symptoms of post-embolization syndrome were also associated with a significant increase in hospitalization time – 27.0 vs. 7.2 days (r = 0.66, p < 0.05).ConclusionsPartial endovascular embolization of the spleen (PSEE) may be a valuable therapeutic option for patients with refractory TCP. PSEE is a safe method with a low complication rate.
Diagnostic value of 3.0 T versus 1.5 T MRI in staging prostate cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Virarkar Mayur , Szklaruk Janio , Diab Radwan , Bassett, Jr. Roland , Bhosale Priya 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionTo compare the diagnostic performance of 3.0 T and 1.5 T MRI in the staging of prostate cancer.Material and methodsEnglish-language studies on the diagnostic accuracy of 3.0 T and 1.5 T MRI in prostate cancer staging published through May 2020 were searched for in relevant databases. The focus was on studies in which both 3.0 T and 1.5 T MRI were performed in the study population, to reduce interstudy heterogeneity. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve were determined for 3.0 T and for 1.5 T along with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsOut of 8 studies identified, 4 met the inclusion criteria. 3.0 T (n = 160) had a pooled sensitivity of 69.5%
(95% CI: 56.4-80.1%) and a pooled specificity of 48.8% (95% CI: 6.0-93.4%), while 1.5 T (n = 139) had a pooled sensitivity of 70.6% (95% CI: 55.0-82.5%; p = 0.91) and a pooled specificity of 41.7% (95% CI: 6.2-88.6%; p = 0.88). The pooled DOR for 3.0 T was 3 (95% CI: 0-26.0%), while the pooled DOR for 1.5 T was 2 (95% CI: 0-18.0%), which was not a significant difference (p = 0.89).Conclusions3.0 T has slightly better diagnostic performance than 1.5 T MRI in prostate cancer staging (3 vs. 2), although without statistical significance. Our findings suggest the need for larger, randomized trials directly comparing 3.0 T and 1.5 T MRI in prostate cancer.
PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG KANKER PAYUDARA DENGAN TINDAKAN SADARI
Authors: Sembiring Ribka Nova Sartika 
Published: August 2022

Kanker merupakan salah satu penyakit yang menjadi mimpi buruk setiap orang, tidak terKecamatanuali perempuan.Salah satunya adalah kanker payudara yang berkembang dari sel kanker yang berasal dari jaringan payudara.Jutaan wanita meninggal akibat terserang kanker payudara. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Hubungan pengetahuan Ibu tentang kanker payudara dengan tindakan SADARI di Kelurahan Setia Negara Kecamatan Siantar Sitalasari Kota Pematangsiantar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik yang menggunakan pendekatan Cross sectional.Sampel seluruh ibu masa intervaldi Di Kelurahan Setia Negara Kecamatan Siantar Sitalasari Kota Pematangsiantar berjumlah 60 orang.Data primer diperoleh dari kuesioner. Hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat dengan uji chi square dengan kemaknaan p<0.05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan ibu tentang kanker payudara mayoritas berpengetahuan baik sebanyak 23 orang (38.3%), pengetahuan ibu tentang SADARI mayoritas berpengetahuan baik sebanyak 36 orang (60%), tindakan SADARI yang dilakukan ibu mayoritas baik sebanyak 39 orang (65%). Berdasarkan uji statistik terdapat hubungan pengetahuan ibu tentang kanker payudara dan SADARI dengan tindakan SADARI. Saran bagi ibu-ibu di Di Kelurahan Setia Negara Kecamatan Siantar Sitalasari Kota Pematangsiantardiharapkan lebih peduli memeriksakan payudara sendiri secara rutin agar terhindar dari kanker payudara dan bila ada tanda dan gejala lain yang mencurigakan segera berkonsultasi kepada dokter
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DENGAN SIKAP IBU BEKERJA TERHADAP PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF DI PUSKESMAS BINJAI KOTA TAHUN 2020
Authors: Harahap Seri Wahyuni 
Published: August 2022

ASI Eksklusif atau lebih dapat pemberian ASI ( Air Susu Ibu) secara ekslusif adalah bayi hanya diberi ASI saja, sejak usia 30 menit posnatal (setelah melahirkan) sampai usia 6 bulan, tanpa cairan lain seperti: susu formula, biskuit, bubur susu, bubur nasi dan nasi tim (Elisabeth dan Th. Endang, 2016, hal. 24). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya Hubungan Pengetahuan Dengan Ibu Bekerja Terhadap Pemberian Asi Eksklusif Di Puskesmas Binjai Kota Tahun 2020. Penelitian ini bersifat kolerasi dengan metode cross sectional. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer yang di ukur menggunakan instrumen berupa koesioner analisa data skunder dengan teknik kolerasi chi-square dengan menggunakan program SPSS ( Statistical Product and Service Solution). Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu menyusui di Puskesmas Binjai Kota Tahun 2020 yang bersedia menjadi responden yaitu sebanyak 30 orang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pada ibu tentang pemberian Asi Eksklusif maka diperoleh hasi chi-square nilai x2 hitung = 24,630 > x2 tabel =5,991 dengan df= 2 dan taraf sinifikan 0,05. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa Ha diterima yaitu “ ada hubungan pengetahuan dengan sikap ibu bekerja terhadap pemberian Asi Eksklusif Di Puskesmas Binjai Kota Tahun 2020. Kesimpulan adalah ada hubungan pengetahuan dengan sikap ibu bekerja terhadap pemberian Asi Eksklusif Di Puskesmas Binjai Kota Tahun 2020.
Exploring relations between cloud morphology, cloud phase, and cloud radiative properties in Southern Ocean's stratocumulus clouds
Authors: Danker Jessica , Sourdeval Odran , McCoy Isabel L. , Wood Robert , Possner Anna 
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Marine stratocumuli are the most dominant cloud type by area coverage in the Southern Ocean (SO). They can be divided into different self-organized cellular morphological regimes known as open and closed mesoscale-cellular convective (MCC) clouds. Open and closed cells are the two most frequent types of organizational regimes in the SO. Using the liDAR-raDAR (DARDAR) version 2 retrievals, we quantify 59 % of all MCC clouds in this region as mixed-phase clouds (MPCs) during a 4-year time period from 2007 to 2010. The net radiative effect of SO MCC clouds is governed by changes in cloud albedo. Both cloud morphology and phase have previously been shown to impact cloud albedo individually, but their interactions and their combined impact on cloud albedo remain unclear. Here, we investigate the relationships between cloud phase, organizational patterns, and their differences regarding their cloud radiative properties in the SO. The mixed-phase fraction, which is defined as the number of MPCs divided by the sum of MPC and supercooled liquid cloud (SLC) pixels, of all MCC clouds at a given cloud-top temperature (CTT) varies considerably between austral summer and winter. We further find that seasonal changes in cloud phase at a given CTT across all latitudes are largely independent of cloud morphology and are thus seemingly constrained by other external factors. Overall, our results show a stronger dependence of cloud phase on cloud-top height (CTH) than CTT for clouds below 2.5 km in altitude. Preconditioning through ice-phase processes in MPCs has been observed to accelerate individual closed-to-open cell transitions in extratropical stratocumuli. The hypothesis of preconditioning has been further substantiated in large-eddy simulations of open and closed MPCs. In this study, we do not find preconditioning to primarily impact climatological cloud morphology statistics in the SO. Meanwhile, in-cloud albedo analysis reveals stronger changes in open and closed cell albedo in SLCs than in MPCs. In particular, few optically thick (cloud optical thickness >10) open cell stratocumuli are characterized as ice-free SLCs. These differences in in-cloud albedo are found to alter the cloud radiative effect in the SO by 21 to 39 W m−2 depending on season and cloud phase.
Studi Literatur Review dalam Mempelajari Teknik Tai Chi untuk Menjaga Kesehatan Mental Lansia
Authors: Mulyaningrat Wahyudi , Ekowati Wahyu , Swasti Keksi Girinda 
Published: August 2022

Lansia merupakan populasi yang rentan terhadap masalah biologis, fisik, sosial ekonomi, maupun mental seperti demensia, depresi, kecemasan dan stres. Senam tai chi merupakan satu aktivitas olahraga untuk mempertahankan kondisi kebugaran jasmani dan kesehatan mental lansia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh senam Tai chi dalam menjaga kesehatan mental lansia. Peneliti menggunakan metode literatur review, yakni analisis literatur terhadap artikel yang berhasil dikumpulkan. Tahapan pencarian artikel dilakukan dengan menggunakan prinsip PICO, melaui studi literature review terhadap sumber artikel yang diakses yaitu DOAJ, PubMed, dan Googlescholar dengan batasan tahun antara 2015-2020. Kata kunci yang digunakan adalah: tai chi, mental, lansia. Ada 5 artikel yang dianggap memenuhi kriteria dan layak untuk dianalisis. Tai chi terbukti dapat mempertahankan kesehatan lansia. Tai chi bisa diberikan kepada lansia umur lebih 60 tahun yang tidak memiliki penyakit kronis, kelainan muskuloskeletal dan gangguan jiwa dengan durasi 30-40 menit, dilakukan secara kontinyu secara nyata dapat menjaga kesehatan mental lansia. Senam Tai chi merupakan terapi komplementer non farmakologi dalam menjaga kesehatan mental lansia.
Chomsky's Contribution to Linguistics A Review
Authors: Touqir Sonia , Nasir Touqir , Pervez Sajid 
Published: August 2022

Cognition, language faculty, Universal Grammar, Principles and Parameters, Transformational Generative Grammar, Phrase Structure Rules, TransformationsThis review seeks to highlight Chomsky’s major contributions to the field of linguistics. He changed linguists’ conception about the nature of language, from an externalized to internalized approach. This shift also resulted in the language being thought of as a cognitive phenomenon rather than as a set of structures to be analyzed for their correctness or incorrectness. He argued that language is internalized, and not learned. His arguments to prove his stance introduced the concept of language faculty, its workings, Universal Grammar, Principles and Parameters, and Transformational and Generative Grammar. The TGG also significantly overhauled the existent phrase structure rules. These rules were brought to follow binarity principles that dictated that a node cannot have less than or more than two branches. Besides, the concept of Universal Grammar along with its principles and parameters, Chomsky simplified how the language acquisition process can be understood: instead of learning hundreds of rules, the human mind has to install a handful of principles and parameters.
Tailoring the Magnetic and Optical properties of MgO Nanoparticles by Cobalt doping
Authors: Raza Syed Masood , Qaseem S. , Shah S. Naseem , Ali S. Rehan , Bibi Yasmeen , Tahir Adeel , Wahab Aneela 
Published: August 2022

In this work, Cobalt (0-10) % doped MgO nanoparticles are prepared for magnetic and optical studies. X-ray diffraction studies show the particle size increases from 3.10 nm to 9.50 nm with increasing Cobalt concentration in MgO samples. The secondary phases are observed beyond 5% Cobalt in the host MgO which indicates the solubility limit of dopant in this material. SEM analysis further reconfirms the purity and spherical morphology of nanoparticles in all samples. Its result also reveals that the smallest particles have the largest oxygen vacancy concentration as compared to other samples. The dopant and size-induced effects are observed for electronic absorption spectra and bandgap of the samples. UV-visible absorption spectra show a quantum confinement effect as the optical band gap decreases with the increase of the particle size. The optical band gap of the nanoparticles ranges from 4.68 eV to 3.15 eV which is very less in comparison with the bulk MgO band gap up to 7.2eV. Vibrating sample magnetometer studies at room temperature clearly show the ferromagnetic behavior for pure MgO nanoparticles in contrast with the paramagnetic behavior for other samples. It is suggested that the presence of the ferromagnetic behavior in pure MgO nanoparticles are due to the presence of oxygen vacancies.
Caffeine and Methylliberine: A Human Pharmacokinetic Interaction Study
Authors: Mondal Goutam , Wang Yan-Hong , Yates Ryan , Bloomer Richard , Butawan Matthew 
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Methylliberine and theacrine are methylurates found in the leaves of various Coffea species and Camellia assamica var. kucha, respectively. We previously demonstrated that the methylxanthine caffeine increased theacrine’s oral bioavailability in humans.
Methods: Consequently, we conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled pharmacokinetic study in humans administered methylliberine, theacrine, and caffeine to determine methylliberine’s pharmacokinetic interaction potential with either caffeine or theacrine. Subjects received an oral dose of either methylliberine, caffeine, methylliberine plus caffeine, or methylliberine plus theacrine using a randomized, double-blind, crossover design. Blood samples were analyzed using UPLC-MS/MS.
Results: Methylliberine exhibited linear pharmacokinetics that were unaffected by co-administration of either caffeine or theacrine. However, methylliberine co-administration resulted in decreased oral clearance (41.9 ± 19.5 vs. 17.1 ± 7.80 L/hr) and increased half-life (7.2 ± 5.6 versus 15 ± 5.8 hrs) of caffeine. Methylliberine had no impact on caffeine’s maximum concentration (440 ± 140 vs. 458 ± 93.5 ng/mL) or oral volume of distribution (351 ± 148 vs. 316 ± 76.4 L).
Conclusions: We previously demonstrated theacrine bioavailability was enhanced by caffeine, however, caffeine pharmacokinetics were unaffected by theacrine. Herein, we found that methylliberine altered caffeine pharmacokinetics without a reciprocal interaction, which suggests caffeine may interact uniquely with different methylurates.