bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stacking sequence effect on flexural behavior of hybrid GF/CF biocomposite used in orthopedics
Authors: Bejinaru-Mihoc A , Mitu L G , Roşca I C 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In the field of orthopedic medicine, hybrid biocomposites with epoxy matrix reinforced with carbon fibers and glass fibers are being used. Through the hybridization phenomenon, appropriate properties can be obtained for the use of these biocomposites in the bone plate and external fixation. The paper presents the manufacture of hybrid laminate with epoxy matrix reinforced with carbon fiber and glass fiber, three-point bending test method and the laminate layering sequence influence upon the bending behavior of composite biomaterial.
Production conditions and fine structure parameters of metallic glasses based on light rare-earth elements
Authors: Lysenko A B , Kalinina T V , Tomina A-M V , Vishnevskaya Y V , Popil O.I. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Thermal regimes of formation and parameters of the fine structure of amorphous alloys based on light rare-earth elements (E-La, Ce, Pr) with normal metals (M-Al, Cu, Ag) obtained by rapid cooling of melt layers on the inner surface of a rotating cylindrical heat receiver are studied. It has been shown that the alloys under study belong to materials with an average level of glass-forming ability (GFA), whichsolidify without crystallization in cross sections from 35 to 65 μm during quenching from a liquid state. Based on the correlation between the sizes of coherent scattering regions and the shortest interatomic distances found by X-ray diffraction for E-M amorphous alloys with the corresponding characteristics of metallic glasses of other classes, a conclusion was made about a close analogy of the atomic structure of noncrystalline phases fixed by quenching metallic melts.
Fuzzy set decision-making system for determining the technological parameters of the laser cutting process
Authors: Blaga F S , Cristea A , Nastor G , Pop A , Buidos T , Lucaciu I 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The technology of laser cutting of metallic and non-metallic materials is more and more frequently used in the industrial environment. Under these conditions there is a permanent concern to improve the quality of the parts obtained, more precisely the quality of the surfaces resulting from cutting. Cutting process parameters: power, cutting speed significantly influences the quality of cut parts. The paper presents how a decision-making system based on fuzzy sets was developed to determine the technological parameters of the laser cutting process. Input parameters were defined: material thickness and roughness. Output parameters have been defined: cutting power and speed. Next, the specific steps of elaborating a decision system based on fuzzy sets were completed. A user interface has also been created. Validation of the decision system based on fuzzy sets was achieved through experimental research.
Influence of drone’s nacelle conicity on the air flow dynamics
Authors: Sirca A.A. , Szabo I. , Mariaşiu F. , Moldovanu D. , Cărăuşan H. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Humankind is facing more and more specific problems in technology area and the concept of using controlled or autonomous air systems knows as drone is present in several industries caused by the variety of options they provide. To connect the problems with the drone usage and to achieve a reliable solution drones needs optimization and technical characteristics to be changed. In the agriculture field they must offer an accurate construction of the nacelle so the air flow can be controlled properly so the process of phytosanitary treatment can offer more precision and efficiency. The paper suggests the research of air flow dynamics according to the geometry (conicity) of 4 different nacelle construction at different angles (55°, 65°, 75° and 85°) by numerical analysis method and parameters as velocity, pressure and airspeed.
System analysis of Pick and Place Control in Education
Authors: Hruskova E , Matusova M 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Pneumatic and electro-pneumatic mechanisms are a necessary component in the operation of production machinery and equipment. Their great development and wide application, especially in the last few years, have contributed to their advantageous characteristics, but also to their affordability. Reliability, safety at work, but also speed of operation together with control issues are such facts which are important to fully respect nowadays when designing assembly. With the progressive development of new processes, more sophisticated automation elements and, last but not least, management and control systems are associated. When designing a pick and place application, it is necessary to analyse the possibility and availability of using collaborative robots. This paper discusses the preliminary stages of the process of optimizing work movements and defines the "pick and place" of collaborative robots with the design of pneumatic and electro-pneumatic control.
Implementation of controlling in conditions of micro, small and medium industrial enterprises
Authors: Bestvinová Viera 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper deals with the implementation of controlling in a group of small and medium-sized industrial enterprises (SMEs) in Slovakia. The business environment characterized by rapid and abrupt changes forces enterprises to innovate not only products, but also internal processes and management system. Enterprises therefore implement controlling, whose role is to support the management of the enterprise in making important decisions. This paper will analyse the application of controlling in SMEs based on interviews with business managers and a questionnaire survey. Large enterprises have implemented controlling, but SMEs face the task of implementing it. Therefore, the paper will describe the tasks that need to be accomplished in the different phases of building controlling in SMEs. It will conclude by highlighting the benefits of implementing controlling for the management of SMEs.
Changing patterns of multidisciplinary team treatment, early mortality, and survival in colorectal cancer
Authors: Layfield David M , Flashman Karen G , Benitez Majano Sara , Senapati Asha , Ball Christopher , Conti John A , Khan Jim S , O’Leary Daniel P 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
This study reports early mortality and survival from colorectal cancer in relation to the pattern of treatments delivered by the multidisciplinary team (MDT) meeting at a high-volume institution in England over 14 years.

Methods
All patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer and discussed during MDT meetings from 2003 to 2016 at a single institution were reviewed. Three time intervals (2003–2007, 2008–2012, and 2013–2016) were compared regarding initial surgical management (resection, local excision, non-resection surgery, and no surgery), initial oncological therapy, 90-day mortality, and crude 2-year survival for the whole cohort. Sub-analyses were performed according to age greater or less than 80 years.

Results
The MDT managed 4617 patients over 14 years (1496 in the first interval and 1389 in the last). Over this time, there was a reduction in emergency resections from 15.5 per cent to 9.0 per cent (P &lt; 0.0001); use of oncological therapies increased from 34.6 per cent to 41.6 per cent (P &lt; 0.0001). The 90-day mortality after diagnosis of colorectal cancer dropped from 14.8 per cent to 10.7 per cent (P &lt; 0.001) and 2-year survival improved from 58.6 per cent to 65 per cent (P &lt; 0.001). Among patients aged 80 years or older (425 and 446, in the first and last intervals respectively) there was, in addition, a progressive increase in ‘no surgery’ rate from 33.6 per cent to 50.2 per cent (P &lt; 0.0001) and a reduction in elective resections from 42.4 per cent to 33.9 per cent (P = 0.010). The 90-day mortality after elective resection fell from 10.0 per cent (18 of 180) to 3.3 per cent (5 of 151; P = 0.013).

Conclusions
Survival from colorectal cancer improved significantly over 14 years. Among patients aged ≥80 years, major changes in the type of treatment delivered were associated with a decrease in postoperative mortality.
Brain-wide connectivity map of mouse thermosensory cortices
Authors: Bokiniec Phillip , Whitmire Clarissa J , Leva Tobias M , Poulet James F A 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn the thermal system, skin cooling is represented in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) and the posterior insular cortex (pIC). Whether S1 and pIC are nodes in anatomically separate or overlapping thermal sensorimotor pathways is unclear, as the brain-wide connectivity of the thermal system has not been mapped. We address this using functionally targeted, dual injections of anterograde viruses or retrograde tracers into the forelimb representation of S1 (fS1) and pIC (fpIC). Our data show that inputs to fS1 and fpIC originate from separate neuronal populations, supporting the existence of parallel input pathways. Outputs from fS1 and fpIC are more widespread than their inputs, sharing a number of cortical and subcortical targets. While, axonal projections were separable, they were more overlapping than the clusters of input cells. In both fS1 and fpIC circuits, there was a high degree of reciprocal connectivity with thalamic and cortical regions, but unidirectional output to the midbrain and hindbrain. Notably, fpIC showed connectivity with regions associated with thermal processing. Together, these data indicate that cutaneous thermal information is routed to the cortex via parallel circuits and is forwarded to overlapping downstream regions for the binding of somatosensory percepts and integration with ongoing behavior.
Hippocampal blood flow rapidly and preferentially increases after a bout of moderate-intensity exercise in older adults with poor cerebrovascular health
Authors: Palmer Jacqueline A , Morris Jill K , Billinger Sandra A , Lepping Rebecca J , Martin Laura , Green Zachary , Vidoni Eric D 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Over the course of aging, there is an early degradation of cerebrovascular health, which may be attenuated with aerobic exercise training. Yet, the acute cerebrovascular response to a single bout of exercise remains elusive, particularly within key brain regions most affected by age-related disease processes. We investigated the acute global and region-specific cerebral blood flow (CBF) response to 15 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise in older adults (≥65 years; n = 60) using arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging. Within 0–6 min post-exercise, CBF decreased across all regions, an effect that was attenuated in the hippocampus. The exercise-induced CBF drop was followed by a rebound effect over the 24-minute postexercise assessment period, an effect that was most robust in the hippocampus. Individuals with low baseline perfusion demonstrated the greatest hippocampal-specific CBF effect post-exercise, showing no immediate drop and a rapid increase in CBF that exceeded baseline levels within 6–12 minutes postexercise. Gains in domain-specific cognitive performance postexercise were not associated with changes in regional CBF, suggesting dissociable effects of exercise on acute neural and vascular plasticity. Together, the present findings support a precision-medicine framework for the use of exercise to target brain health that carefully considers age-related changes in the cerebrovascular system.
Anthropomorphism in human–robot interactions: a multidimensional conceptualization
Authors: Kühne Rinaldo , Peter Jochen 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
With robots increasingly assuming social roles (e.g., assistants, companions), anthropomorphism (i.e., the cognition that an entity possesses human characteristics) plays a prominent role in human–robot interactions (HRI). However, current conceptualizations of anthropomorphism in HRI have not adequately distinguished between precursors, consequences, and dimensions of anthropomorphism. Building and elaborating on previous research, we conceptualize anthropomorphism as a form of human cognition, which centers upon the attribution of human mental capacities to a robot. Accordingly, perceptions related to a robot’s shape and movement are potential precursors of anthropomorphism, while attributions of personality and moral value to a robot are potential consequences of anthropomorphism. Arguing that multidimensional conceptualizations best reflect the conceptual facets of anthropomorphism, we propose, based on Wellman’s (1990) Theory-of-Mind (ToM) framework, that anthropomorphism in HRI consists of attributing thinking, feeling, perceiving, desiring, and choosing to a robot. We conclude by discussing applications of our conceptualization in HRI research.
Coffee tastes bitter: education and the coffee economy in Colombia in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries
Authors: Fuentes-Vásquez María José , España-Eljaiek Irina 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, coffee became the main Colombian export, turning the country into one of the world’s leading coffee producers. This agrarian commodity provided resources for coffee-growing areas, favouring the rise of mass education. However, this paper suggests that coffee led to children ceasing to attend school to work in coffee production, thus affecting the demand for education adversely. We test this hypothesis by using different empirical strategies. We conduct panel regressions and instrumental variable cross-sectional estimates. The results show that increasing coffee production negatively affects the demand for the education of primary school-age children.
Cannabis, cocaine, methamphetamine, and opiates increase the risk of incident atrial fibrillation
Authors: Lin Anthony L , Nah Gregory , Tang Janet J , Vittinghoff Eric , Dewland Thomas A , Marcus Gregory M 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Aims
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is now regarded as a preventable disease, requiring a search for modifiable risk factors. With legalization of cannabis and more lenient laws regarding the use of other illicit substances, investigation into the potential effects of methamphetamine, cocaine, opiate, and cannabis exposure on incident AF is needed.

Methods and results
Using Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development databases, a longitudinal analysis was performed of adult Californians ≥18 years of age who received care in an emergency department, outpatient surgery facility, or hospital from 1 January 2005 to 31 December 2015. Associations between healthcare coding for the use of each substance and a new AF diagnosis were assessed. Among 23,561,884 patients, 98 271 used methamphetamine, 48 701 used cocaine, 10 032 used opiates, and 132 834 used cannabis. Of the total population, 998 747 patients (4.2%) developed incident AF during the study period. After adjusting for potential confounders and mediators, use of methamphetamines, cocaine, opiates, and cannabis was each associated with increased incidence of AF: hazard ratios 1.86 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.81–1.92], 1.61 (95% CI 1.55–1.68), 1.74 (95% CI 1.62–1.87), and 1.35 (95% CI 1.30–1.40), respectively. Negative control analyses in the same cohort failed to reveal similarly consistent positive relationships.

Conclusion
Methamphetamine, cocaine, opiate, and cannabis uses were each associated with increased risk of developing incident AF. Efforts to mitigate the use of these substances may represent a novel approach to AF prevention.
Sports-related sudden cardiac arrest in young adults
Authors: Bohm Philipp , Meyer Tim , Narayanan Kumar , Schindler Matthias , Weizman Orianne , Beganton Frankie , Schmied Christian , Bougouin Wulfran , Barra Sergio , Dumas Florence , Varenne Olivier , Cariou Alain , Karam Nicole , Jouven Xavier , Marijon Eloi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimsData on sports-related sudden cardiac arrest (SrSCA) among young adults in the general population are scarce. We aimed to determine the overall SrSCA incidence, characteristics, and outcomes in young adults.Methods and resultsProspective cohort study of all cases of SrSCA between 2012 and 2019 in Germany and Paris area, France, involving subjects aged 18–35 years. Detection of SrSCA was achieved via multiple sources, including emergency medical services (EMS) reporting and web-based screening of media releases. Cases and aetiologies were centrally adjudicated. Overall, a total of 147 SrSCA (mean age 28.1 ± 4.8 years, 95.2% males) occurred, with an overall burden of 4.77 [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.85–6.68] cases per million-year, including 12 (8.2%) cases in young competitive athletes. While bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was initiated in 114 (82.6%), automated external defibrillator (AED) use by bystanders occurred only in a minority (7.5%). Public AED use prior to EMS arrival (odds ratio 6.25, 95% CI 1.48–43.20, P = 0.02) was the strongest independent predictor of survival at hospital discharge (38.1%). Among cases that benefited from both immediate bystander CPR and AED use, survival rate was 90.9%. Coronary artery disease was the most frequent aetiology (25.8%), mainly through acute coronary syndrome (86.9%).ConclusionSports-related sudden cardiac arrest in the young occurs mainly in recreational male sports participants. Public AED use remains disappointingly low, although survival may reach 90% among those who benefit from both bystander CPR and early defibrillation. Coronary artery disease is the most prevalent cause of SrSCA in young adults.
Moderators of an intervention on emotional and behavioural problems: household- and school-level parental education
Authors: Horoz Nil , Buil J Marieke , Koot Susanne , van Lenthe Frank J , Houweling Tanja A J , Oude Groeniger Joost , Koot Hans M , van Lier Pol A C 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Children of lower-educated parents and children in schools with a relatively high percentage of peers with lower-educated parents (lower parental education schools) are more likely to develop emotional and behavioural problems compared to children in higher-educated households and schools. Universal school-based preventive interventions, such as the Good Behaviour Game (GBG), are generally effective in preventing the development of emotional and behavioural problems, but information about potential moderators is limited. This study examined whether the effectiveness of the GBG in preventing emotional and behavioural problems differs between children in lower- and higher-educated households and schools.

Methods
Using a longitudinal multi-level randomized controlled trial design, 731 children (Mage=6.02 towards the end of kindergarten) from 31 mainstream schools (intervention arm: 21 schools, 484 children; control arm: 10 schools, 247 children) were followed annually from kindergarten to second grade (2004–2006). The GBG was implemented in first and second grades.

Results
Overall, the GBG prevented the development of emotional and behavioural problems. However, for emotional problems, the GBG-effect was slightly more pronounced in higher parental education schools than in lower parental education schools (Bhigher parental education schools =−0.281, P &lt;0.001; Blower parental education schools =−0.140, P = 0.016). No moderation by household-level parental education was found.

Conclusions
Studies into universal school-based preventive interventions, and in particular the GBG, should consider and incorporate school-level factors when studying the effectiveness of such interventions. More attention should be directed towards factors that may influence universal prevention effectiveness, particularly in lower parental education schools.
Microbial ecology of the Southern Ocean
Authors: Castillo Diego J , Dithugoe Choaro D , Bezuidt Oliver K , Makhalanyane Thulani P 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe Southern Ocean (SO) distributes climate signals and nutrients worldwide, playing a pivotal role in global carbon sequestration. Microbial communities are essential mediators of primary productivity and carbon sequestration, yet we lack a comprehensive understanding of microbial diversity and functionality in the SO. Here, we examine contemporary studies in this unique polar system, focusing on prokaryotic communities and their relationships with other trophic levels (i.e. phytoplankton and viruses). Strong seasonal variations and the characteristic features of this ocean are directly linked to community composition and ecosystem functions. Specifically, we discuss characteristics of SO microbial communities and emphasise differences from the Arctic Ocean microbiome. We highlight the importance of abundant bacteria in recycling photosynthetically derived organic matter. These heterotrophs appear to control carbon flux to higher trophic levels when light and iron availability favour primary production in spring and summer. Conversely, during winter, evidence suggests that chemolithoautotrophs contribute to prokaryotic production in Antarctic waters. We conclude by reviewing the effects of climate change on marine microbiota in the SO.
Modern yeast development: finding the balance between tradition and innovation in contemporary winemaking
Authors: Gardner Jennifer M , Alperstein Lucien , Walker Michelle E , Zhang Jin , Jiranek Vladimir 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA key driver of quality in wines is the microbial population that undertakes fermentation of grape must. Winemakers can utilise both indigenous and purposefully inoculated yeasts to undertake alcoholic fermentation, imparting wines with aromas, flavours and palate structure and in many cases contributing to complexity and uniqueness. Importantly, having a toolbox of microbes helps winemakers make best use of the grapes they are presented with, and tackle fermentation difficulties with flexibility and efficiency. Each year the number of strains available commercially expands and more recently, includes strains of non-Saccharomyces, strains that have been improved using both classical and modern yeast technology and mixed cultures. Here we review what is available commercially, and what may be in the future, by exploring recent advances in fermentation relevant strain improvement technologies. We also report on the current use of microbes in the Australian wine industry, as reported by winemakers, as well as regulations around, and sentiment about the potential use of genetically modified organisms in the future.