bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The angiopoietin-like protein 4, apolipoprotein C3, and lipoprotein lipase axis is disrupted in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: de Armas-Rillo Laura , Quevedo-Abeledo Juan Carlos , Hernández-Hernández Vanesa , de Vera-González Antonia , González-Delgado Alejandra , García-Dopico José A. , González-Gay Miguel Á. , Ferraz-Amaro Iván 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Modulators of triglyceride metabolism include lipoprotein lipase (LPL), angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4), and apolipoprotein C-3 (ApoC3). There is evidence on the influence of this triangle of molecules on an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CV) in the general population. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) present changes in lipid profiles and accelerated CV disease. In the present study, we set out to study whether the ANGPTL4, ApoC3, and LPL axis differs in subjects with RA compared to controls. In a further step, we investigated the relationship of this axis with subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with RA.

Methods
Cross-sectional study that included 569 individuals, 323 patients with RA and 246 age-matched controls. ANGPTL4, ApoC3 and LPL, and standard lipid profiles were analyzed in patients and controls. Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and carotid plaques were assessed in RA patients. A multivariable analysis was performed to assess whether the ANGPTL4, ApoC3, and LPL axis was altered in RA and to study its relationship with RA dyslipidemia and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis.

Results
Most lipid profile molecules did not differ between patients and controls. Despite this, and after fully multivariable analysis including CV risk factors, use of statins, and changes in the lipid profile caused by the disease itself, patients with RA showed higher serum levels of ANGPTL4 (beta coef. 295 [95% CI 213–376] ng/ml, p<0.001) and ApoC3 (beta coef. 2.9 [95% CI 1.7–4.0] mg/dl, p<0.001), but lower circulating LPL (beta coef. −174 [95% CI −213 to −135] ng/ml, p<0.001). ANGPTL4 serum levels were positively and independently associated with a higher cIMT in patients with RA after fully multivariable adjustment.

Conclusion
The axis consisting in ANGPTL4, ApoC3, and LPL is disrupted in patients with RA. ANGPTL4 serum levels are positively and independently associated with a higher cIMT in RA patients.
GATA25, a novel regulator, accelerates the flowering time of Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Kim Kihwan , Lee Jooeun , Kim Byeonggyu , Shin Juhyung , Kang Tae-An , Kim Won-Chan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntrinsic and exogenous signals in conjunction precisely regulate the initiation of flowering. Both signals influence flowering time, which is an integral part of plant reproduction. The signals converge through different pathways, and their coordinated action leads to the onset of flowering. Genetic pathways related to the regulation of flowering time are well-known from research into the molecular genetics of Arabidopsis thaliana. Specifically, crucial components of the photoperiodic pathway and floral integrators play a critically significant role in flowering. In this study, we found that GATA25 is a novel transcription factor that accelerates flowering time under long days. GATA25 encodes C-X2-C-X20-C-X2-C conserved cysteine residues of the zinc-finger domain and CCT domain which process photoperiodic flowering and regulate circadian rhythms. Flowering was accelerated by overexpression of GATA25 throughout the Arabidopsis thaliana. In contrast, GATA25 fused to SRDX (SUPERMAN repressive domain X)-motif plants showed delayed flowering. We also demonstrated that GATA25 induced the expression of floral integrator genes and photoperiodic pathway-related genes. Together, these results suggest that GATA25 might act to accelerate flowering time.
MRI study of medial meniscus degeneration of osteoarthritic knees with or without posterior root tear
Authors: Hisashi Kosuke , Muneta Takeshi , Kohno Yuji , Sasaki Mana , Yamazaki Junya , Hayashi Haruhisa , Koga Hideyuki , Morito Toshiyuki 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to compare the medial meniscus (MM) degeneration, meniscus extrusion, and tibial joint inclination by using MRI to consider the pathogenesis of posterior root tear (PRT) in medial-type knee osteoarthritis (KOA) both with and without medial meniscus posterior root tear (MMPRT).

Methods
This study used open MRI with flexion sagittal view and included 324 medial-type osteoarthritic knees with a Kellegren–Lawrence grade of 2 or less. Following the exclusion process, 151 knees were selected for MRI analysis. MM degeneration grading was performed according to Jerosch by 5 degrees of 0–4 in four different portions from anterior to posterior. MM medial extrusion (MMME), MM posterior extrusion (MMPE), medial tibial medial slope (MTMS), and medial tibial posterior slope (MTPS) were measured according to previous studies.

Results
MM degeneration in the anterior portion to MCL averaged 1.72 ± 0.67 in the PRT group (n = 48) and 1.40 ± 0.78 in the non-PRT group (n = 103). The degeneration grade was statistically higher in the PRT group than in the non-PRT group (p = 0.050). There was no difference in MM degeneration in the other three portions. MMME averaged 4.02 ± 1.12 mm in the PRT group and 3.11 ± 1.11 mm in the non-PRT group. MMPE averaged 4.22 ± 0.87 mm in the PRT group and 2.83 ± 1.12 mm in the non-PRT group. Both MMME and MMPE in the PRT group were statistically larger than those in the non-PRT group (p < 0.001). There was no difference in MTMS between the two groups. MTPS averaged 6.34 ± 2.25° in the PRT group and 5.28 ± 2.23° in the non-PRT group. The MTPS of the PRT group was statistically larger than that of the non-PRT group (p = 0.007).

Conclusion
The severity of MM degeneration, extrusion of MM, and degree of tibial slope were compared between medial-type KOA with and without PRT using an open MRI. MM degeneration was more severe anteriorly in the PRT group. The PRT group showed larger MMME and MMPE with greater MTPS.

Level of evidence
III. Retrospective cohort study.
Bronchial artery hypertrophy-associated perioperative pulmonary hemorrhage in cardiovascular surgery: a case report
Authors: Abe Shinji , Kamikubo Yasuhiro , Kato Nobuyasu , Kato Hiroki , Ooka Tomonori , Shingu Yasushige , Wakasa Satoru 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Pulmonary hemorrhage is a life-threatening complication of cardiovascular surgery. Bronchial artery hypertrophy, a rare pathology associated with inflammatory and ischemic respiratory diseases, increases the risk of pulmonary hemorrhage; however, its involvement in cardiovascular surgery is not well known. We present two cardiovascular surgical cases in which embolization of the hypertrophied bronchial artery was effective in controlling perioperative pulmonary hemorrhage.

Case presentation
The first case was a 51-year-old man with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who developed acute type A aortic dissection. After emergent surgery, his blood pressure suddenly dropped in the intensive care unit; computed tomography revealed a right hemothorax. Because a 4-mm dilated bronchial artery was identified on preoperative computed tomography, the hemothorax was suspected to be associated with bronchial artery hypertrophy. Selective bronchial arteriography was emergently performed and revealed a right pulmonary parenchymal blush. After subsequent coil embolization of the bronchial artery, the parenchymal blush disappeared, and his hemodynamic condition stabilized. The second case was a 66-year-old man with bronchiectasis who was referred for redo aortic valve replacement due to structural valve deterioration. A bioprosthesis was previously implanted to avoid permanent anticoagulation because the patient had repeated episodes of hemoptysis; however, he still had persistent hemosputum during admission for the redo aortic valve replacement. A dilated bronchial artery 3.7 mm in size was incidentally identified on preoperative computed tomography, and hence, the repeated hemosputum was suspected to be associated with bronchial artery hypertrophy. Bronchial arteriography revealed a right pulmonary parenchymal blush, and prophylactic embolization of the bronchial artery was performed. The hemosputum disappeared after the procedure, and redo aortic valve replacement was performed uneventfully 8 days later.

Conclusion
In cardiovascular surgery, the risk of pulmonary hemorrhage associated with bronchial artery hypertrophy should be considered, especially in patients with inflammatory and ischemic respiratory diseases.
Confirmed presence of aedes (rusticoidus) refiki Medschid, 1928 in a continental dry Mediterranean peri-urban environment in south-central Spain
Authors: Casades-Martí Laia , Frías Mario , Delacour Sarah , Ruiz-Fons Francisco 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The ‘snow-melt mosquito’ aedes (rusticoidus) refiki is a rare species with a wide distribution in Europe that is usually defined as an aggressive mosquito for mammals, including humans. During a mosquito survey in a peri-urban area in south-central mainland Spain, adult Ae. refiki females were captured and identified by morphological traits. The presence of this species of mosquito has never been molecularly confirmed under continental dry Mediterranean climatic influence with scarce number of days with snow on soil. The aim of this study was to confirm by amplification and sequencing of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region.

Results
We also successfully amplified and typed the species molecularly by COI and ITS2 regions. The peri-urban area where Ae. refiki was found contrasts with the reported cold, humid and snowy environments required by the species to breed.

Conclusions
This finding suggests that the species is already adapted to continental dry Mediterranean environments, questioning whether it is a truly stenotopic species of cold snowy environments.
Eutrophication factor analysis using Carlson trophic state index (CTSI) towards non-algal impact reservoirs in Taiwan
Authors: Lin Jr-Lin , Karangan Arthur , Huang Ying Min , Kang Shyh-Fang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCarlson trophic state index (CTSI) has been commonly adopted to assess the eutrophication potential of reservoirs or lakes in water quality management. This study aims to analyze the influential factors of CTSI-based eutrophication by using Pearson correlation analysis and principal component analysis with long-term data from 2008 to 2019 on 21 drinking water reservoirs in Taiwan. The trophic state index (TSI) deviation indicates that most drinking water reservoirs, around 45.5% of statistical data fall within non-algal turbidity with surplus phosphorus, especially in the spring and winter season. Besides, about 78% of total collected data show that TSI chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) is less than TSI Secchi depth (SD) due to the small particulate predominance. On the other hand, three TSI variables (SD, total phosphorus (TP) and Chl-a) of CTSI exhibits insignificant correlation to each other in most cases. Under such conditions, the probability of eutrophication (TSI > 50) based on TSI (SD) is 63%, while it is low as 20% based on TSI (TP) and TSI (Chl-a). The influencing factors of eutrophication variables by suspended solids (SS) composition and turbidity have shown that the SD is strongly influenced by non-algal SS. The deviations of three TSI have shown that the highest algae-induced eutrophication potential occurs in summer season. In addition, the TP is the most significant loading factor of algae-induced eutrophication for drinking water reservoirs. It is concluded that the CTSI has limited applicability to identify the trophic state of drinking water reservoirs in Taiwan in the presence of sustainable non-algal turbidity comparative Chl-a that specifically represents the potential of algal growth.
Clustering free-falling paper motion with complexity and entropy
Authors: Pessa Arthur A. B. , Perc Matjaž , Ribeiro Haroldo V. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Many simple natural phenomena are characterized by complex motion that appears random at first glance, but that often displays underlying patterns and behavior that can be clustered in groups. The movement of small pieces of paper falling through the air is one of these systems whose complete mathematical description seems unworkable. Understanding these types of motion thus demands automated experimentation capable of producing large datasets covering different behaviors —a task that has become feasible only recently with advances in computer vision and machine learning methods. Here we use one of these datasets related to the motion of free-falling paper with different shapes to propose an information-theoretical approach that automatically clusters different types of behavior. We evaluate the permutation entropy and statistical complexity from time series related to the observable area of free-falling paper pieces captured by a video camera. We find that chaotic and tumbling motions have a distinct average degree of entropy and complexity, allowing us to accurately discriminate between these two types of behavior with a simple unsupervised machine learning algorithm. Our method has a performance comparable to other approaches based on physical quantities but does not depend on reconstructing the three-dimensional falling trajectory.
The Long-Term Consequences of a Golden Nest: Socioeconomic Status in Childhood and the Age at Leaving Home
Authors: Angelini Viola , Bertoni Marco , Weber Guglielmo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The age at leaving the parental home has significant implications for social and economic outcomes across the life course, highlighting the importance of examining nest-leaving patterns. We study the role of childhood standard of living on the age at nest leaving. Using data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), we show empirically that individuals who grow up in families with a higher socioeconomic status—that is, in a golden nest—leave the parental home later than others. Given that better-off individuals tend to obtain more education, and that young adults generally leave the parental home after completing their education, we also find that a higher level of education delays nest leaving. Nonetheless, the positive relationship between socioeconomic status and nest-leaving age still holds for given education levels, across European countries characterized by different cultural traits, for both males and females, and among urban and rural residents. We use a three-period life cycle model to show that this behavior is consistent with standard assumptions about preferences and resources if earnings increase with age. Moreover, habit-forming preferences that assume that utility depends on the gap between current and past consumption reinforce the delaying effect of a golden nest on nest leaving.
Protocol for a Multicenter, Prospective, Observational Pilot Study on the Implementation of Resource-Stratified Algorithms for the Treatment of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Across Four Treatment Phases: Prehospital, Emergency Department, Neurosurgery, and Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Griswold Dylan P. , Carney Nancy , Ballarini Nicolas M. , Fernandez Laura L. , Kolias Angelos , Hutchinson Peter J. , Rubiano Andres M. 
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND:
Severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) is a public health issue with great disparity among low- and middle-income countries where the implementation of evidence-based guidelines is challenging because resources are often unavailable. A consensus process including experts in the prehospital, emergency department, neurosurgery, and intensive care unit took place in Colombia to develop a set of stratified protocols called BOOTStraP, targeting resource-poor environments, but it has not been systematically implemented and tested.

OBJECTIVE:
To identify the facilitators of, and barriers to, collecting data about patients with sTBI and to implement a stratified protocol across the treatment phases of prehospital, emergency department, neurosurgery, and intensive care unit in low-resource settings. We also aim to identify a possible association between adherence to these protocols and outcomes for these patients.

METHODS:
A prospective, observational, before and after, pilot study will be performed in three phases as follows: before implementation, implementation, and after implementation. The BOOTStraP protocols will be implemented in three Colombian centers.

EXPECTED OUTCOMES:
We expect to find numerous barriers during the implementation phase. We also expect moderate adherence to the protocols. However, we expect to find an increase in the survival rate to hospital discharge and an improvement in neurological outcomes at discharge.

DISCUSSION:
This pilot study will serve as a first step to identify variables that are critical to successful implementation, to be considered for the design of a future large-scale international study to measure the effectiveness of resource-based protocols and to improve outcomes from sTBI.
Awake Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery Without Intraoperative Imaging Is Accurate and Effective: A Case Series
Authors: Hodge Johnie O. , Cook Piper , Brandmeir Nicholas J. 
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND:
The success of deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery depends on the accuracy of electrode placement. Several factors can affect this such as brain shift, the quality of preoperative planning, and technical factors. It is crucial to determine whether techniques yield accurate lead placement and effective symptom relief. Many of the studies establishing the accuracy of frameless techniques used intraoperative imaging to further refine lead placement.

OBJECTIVE:
To determine whether awake lead placement without intraoperative imaging can achieve similar minimal targeting error while preserving clinical results.

METHODS:
Eighty-two trajectories in 47 patients who underwent awake, frameless DBS lead placement with the Fred Haer Corporation STarFix system for essential tremor or Parkinson's disease were analyzed. Neurological testing during lead placement was used to determine appropriate lead locations, and no intraoperative imaging was performed. Accuracy data were compared with previously performed studies.

RESULTS:
The Euclidean error for the patient cohort was 1.79 ± 1.02 mm, and the Pythagorean error was 1.40 ± 0.95 mm. The percentage symptom improvement evaluated by the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale for Parkinson's disease or the Fahn–Tolosa–Marin scale for essential tremor was similar to reported values at 58% ± 17.2% and 67.4% ± 24.7%, respectively. The operative time was 95.0 ± 30.3 minutes for all study patients.

CONCLUSION:
Awake, frameless DBS surgery with the Fred Haer Corporation STarFix system does not require intraoperative imaging for stereotactic accuracy or clinical effectiveness.
Fast stretching of skeletal muscle fibres abolishes residual force enhancement
Authors: Liu Shuyue , Joumaa Venus , Herzog Walter 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
The steady-state isometric force of a muscle after active stretching is greater than the steady-state force for a purely isometric contraction at the same length and activation level. The mechanisms underlying this property, termed residual force enhancement (rFE), remain unknown. When myofibrils are actively stretched while cross-bridge cycling is inhibited, rFE is substantially reduced, suggesting that cross-bridge cycling is essential to produce rFE. Our purpose was to further investigate the role of cross-bridge cycling in rFE by investigating whether fast stretching that causes cross-bridge slipping is associated with a loss of rFE. Skinned fibre bundles from rabbit psoas muscles were stretched slowly (0.08 µm s−1) or rapidly (800 µm s−1) while activated, from an average sarcomere length of 2.4 to 3.2 µm. Force was enhanced by 38±4% (mean±s.e.m) after the slow stretches but was not enhanced after the fast stretches, suggesting that proper cross-bridge cycling is required to produce rFE.
Frequency of psychological stress among women with new onset menstrual disorders amid corona pandemic lockdown
Authors: Tufail Amber , Mustafa Rozina , Munaver Sagheera Anjum , Nawaz Beenish 
Published: April 2022

Objectives: To determine the frequency of psychological stress and associated demographic factors among women with new onset menstrual disorders amid corona pandemic lockdown.
Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the Pakistan Air Force Faisal Base Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan from 1st April 2020 to 31st July 2020. All women presented in the outpatient department or sought advice through telemedicine with new onset menstrual disorders during lockdown of COVID-19 were included. Information like age, parity, educational status, employment status, last menstrual period, previous cycle, new onset dysmenorrhea, and premenstrual syndrome were collected. Furthermore, level of stress was assessed by using 10 item Perceived Stress Sale questionnaire described by Sheldon Cohen in 1983.
Results: Of total 916 women who consulted the department physically or through telemedicine, 59 (31.3%) had new onset disease. The frequency of different types of new onset menstrual problem were scanty menstrual flow 21 (35.6%), oligomenorrhea 6 (10.2%), menorrhagia 5 (8.5%), amenorrhea 4 (6.8%), and polymenorrhagia 2 (3.4%). New onset premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea were present in 39 (66.1%) and 31 (52.5%) respectively. A significant association of premenstrual syndrome was observed with age (p-value 0.003), parity (p-value 0.045), educational status (p-value 0.007), and menstrual pattern (p-value 0.037). Furthermore, moderate stress was observed in 57 (96.6%) while severe in 2 (3.4%) patients.
Conclusion: Among women presented with new onset menstrual disorders in gynecological outpatient, a considerable number reflected increased level of psychological stress during COVID-19 lock down.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.5.4606
How to cite this:Tufail A, Mustafa R, Munaver SA, Nawaz B. Frequency of psychological stress among women with new onset menstrual disorders amid corona pandemic lockdown. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.5.4606
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.