bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Opportunities and risks of self-binding directives: A qualitative study involving stakeholders and researchers in Germany
Authors: Potthoff Sarah , Finke Marleen , Scholten Matthé , Gieselmann Astrid , Vollmann Jochen , Gather Jakov 
Published: October 2022

PurposeSelf-binding directives (SBDs) are a special type of psychiatric advance directive in which mental health service users can consent in advance to involuntary hospital admission and involuntary treatment during future mental health crises. This study presents opportunities and risks of SBDs reported by users with bipolar disorder, family members of people with bipolar disorder, professionals working with people with bipolar disorder and researchers with expertise in mental health ethics and law.MethodsSeventeen semi-structured interviews with users, family members and professionals, and one focus group with five researchers were conducted. The data was analyzed using qualitative content analysis.ResultsSix opportunities and five risks of SBDs were identified. The opportunities were promotion of autonomy and self-efficacy of users, relief of responsibility for family members, early intervention, reduction of (perceived) coercion, positive impact on the therapeutic relationship and enhancement of professionals' confidence in decision-making. The risks were problems in the assessment of mental capacity, inaccurate information or misinterpretation, increase of coercion through misuse, negative impact on the therapeutic relationship due to noncompliance with SBDs, and restricted therapeutic flexibility and less reflection on medical decision-making. Stakeholders tended to think that the opportunities of SBDs outweigh their risks, provided that appropriate control and monitoring mechanisms are in place, support is provided during the drafting process and the respective mental healthcare setting is sufficiently prepared to implement SBDs in practice.ConclusionsThe fact that stakeholders consider SBDs as an opportunity to improve personalized crisis care for people with bipolar disorder indicates that a debate about the legal and clinical implementation of SBDs in Germany and beyond is necessary.
Influence of clinical and neurocognitive factors in psychosocial functioning after a first episode non-affective psychosis: differences between males and females
Authors: Serra-Navarro Maria , Amoretti Silvia , Verdolini Norma , Forte María Florencia , Sánchez-Torres Ana M. , Vieta Eduard , Clougher Derek , Lobo Antonio , González-Pinto Ana , Panadero Rocío , Roldán Alexandra , Carvalho André F. , de la Serna Elena , Toll Alba , Ramos-Quiroga J. A. , Torrent Carla , Cuesta Manuel J. , Bernardo Miguel ,   PEPs Group
Published: October 2022

BackgroundDeficits in psychosocial functioning are present in the early stages of psychosis. Several factors, such as premorbid adjustment, neurocognitive performance, and cognitive reserve (CR), potentially influence functionality. Sex differences are observed in individuals with psychosis in multiple domains. Nonetheless, few studies have explored the predictive factors of poor functioning according to sex in first-episode psychosis (FEP). This study aimed to explore sex differences, examine changes, and identify predictors of functioning according to sex after onset.Materials and methodsThe initial sample comprised 588 individuals. However, only adults with non-affective FEP (n = 247, 161 males and 86 females) and healthy controls (n = 224, 142 males and 82 females) were included. A comprehensive assessment including functional, neuropsychological, and clinical scales was performed at baseline and at 2-year follow-up. A linear regression model was used to determine the predictors of functioning at 2-year follow-up.ResultsFEP improved their functionality at follow-up (67.4% of both males and females). In males, longer duration of untreated psychosis (β = 0.328, p = 0.003) and worse premorbid adjustment (β = 0.256, p = 0.023) were associated with impaired functioning at 2-year follow-up, while in females processing speed (β = 0.403, p = 0.003), executive function (β = 0.299, p = 0.020) and CR (β = −0.307, p = 0.012) were significantly associated with functioning.ConclusionOur data indicate that predictors of functioning at 2-year follow-up in the FEP group differ according to sex. Therefore, treatment and preventative efforts may be adjusted taking sex into account. Males may benefit from functional remediation at early stages. Conversely, in females, early interventions centered on CR enhancement and cognitive rehabilitation may be recommended.
The comparative burden of brain and central nervous system cancers from 1990 to 2019 between China and the United States and predicting the future burden
Authors: Huang Jiajia , Li Hanmei , Yan Hualing , Li Fen-Xiang , Tang Mai , Lu Da-Lin 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundBrain and central nervous system (CNS) cancers represent a major source of cancer burden in China and the United States. Comparing the two countries' epidemiological features for brain and CNS cancers can help plan interventions and draw lessons.MethodsData were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease repository. The average annual percentage change (AAPC) and relative risks of cancer burdens were calculated using joinpoint regression analysis and age-period-cohort (APC) models, respectively. Moreover, a Bayesian APC model was employed to predict the disease burden over the next decade.ResultsFrom 1990 to 2019, the number of incidences, deaths, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) increased in China and the US, with a larger increase in China. Age-standardized incidence rates in China and the United States have shown an increasing trend over the past three decades, with AAPCs of 0.84 and 0.16%, respectively. However, the rates of age-standardized mortality and age-standardized DALYs decreased in both countries, with a greater decrease in China. Overall, age trends in cancer burden were similar for males and females, with two peaks in the childhood and elderly groups, respectively. The period and cohort effects on incidence showed an overall increasing trend in China and limited change in the US. However, the period effects for mortality and DALY were decreasing in both countries, while the cohort effects tended to increase and then decrease. Moreover, we predicted that the cancer burdens would continue to rise in China over the next decade.ConclusionThe burden of brain and CNS cancers is substantial and will continue to increase in China. Comprehensive policy and control measures need to be implemented to reduce the burden.
Clinical insomnia among elderly primary care attenders in Wuhan, China: A multicenter cross-sectional epidemiological study
Authors: Zhong Bao-Liang , Li Hong-Jie , Xu Yan-Min , Jiang Xue-Feng 
Published: October 2022

Background and objectivesIntegrating sleep health into primary care is a promising approach to narrow the treatment gap for insomnia in older adults but data regarding the epidemiological characteristics of insomnia among elderly primary care attenders (EPCAs) are very limited. This study examined the prevalence and correlates of clinical insomnia among Chinese EPCAs.MethodsBy using two-stage consecutive sampling method, a total of 757 EPCAs were recruited from seven urban and six rural primary care centers in Wuhan, China. The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and the Geriatric Depression Scale (15 item version) were administered to assess insomnia severity and depressive symptoms, respectively.ResultsThe two-week prevalence of clinical insomnia (ISI score ≥ 15) was 28.9%. Significant correlates of clinical insomnia were: female sex (vs. male, OR = 2.13, P &lt; 0.001), fair and poor family relationship (vs. good, OR = 1.59, P = 0.028), hypertension (OR = 1.67, P = 0.004), heart disease (OR = 1.73, P = 0.048), arthritis (OR = 2.72, P = 0.001), and depressive symptoms (OR = 4.53, P &lt; 0.001).ConclusionThe high prevalence of clinical insomnia among Chinese EPCAs suggests a high level of sleep health need in older patients in China's primary care settings. Considering the many negative outcomes associated with insomnia, it is necessary to integrate sleep health into primary care in China.
Prevalence of smoking (cigarette and waterpipe) and its association with obesity/overweight in UAE and Palestine
Authors: Al Sabbah Haleama , Assaf Enas A. , Dabeet Elias 
Published: October 2022

AimThis study aimed to assess the prevalence rate of smoking behavior (cigarette and waterpipe) and its association with obesity/ overweight among university students in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Palestine.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted at a convenient sample of 10 largest universities in the West Bank- Palestine and Dubai- UAE. In total, 3800 students were randomly selected from the universities, with an 87.6% response rate. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. The key measures were: waterpipe smoking, weight, height, cigarette smoking, dieting to reduce weight, and perception and knowledge related to tobacco waterpipe smoking (TWP). Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated using the WHO cutoffs.ResultsThe analysis included 3,327 students (54% from the West Bank and 46% from Dubai). About 16% of students in Dubai and 18% of students in the West Bank smoke cigarettes. Quarter (26%) of the students in Dubai and 32% of the students in West Bank smoke water pipes. 17% of students in Dubai and 18% of students in the West Bank reported that they smoke waterpipes to reduce their weight. Waterpipe smoking was found to have a significant positive association with obesity/overweight (p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionsSmoking is very common among university students. Waterpipe smoking was associated with obesity. More research is still needed in this field to better understand the relationship between cigarette smoking and obesity.
Lead exposure is non-linearly associated with subclinical myocardial injury in the general population without cardiovascular disease
Authors: Wang Zhenwei , Huang Xu , Li Jingjie , Liu Naifeng , Wei Qin 
Published: October 2022

Background and aimsGrowing studies have focused on the effect of lead exposure on human circulatory system, while the relationship between lead exposure and subclinical myocardial injury (SC-MI) is still poorly known. Therefore, this study was to explore the effect of lead exposure on SC-MI.MethodsThe study included 6,272 individuals aged 40 and older without cardiovascular disease (CVD) from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Blood lead was used as an alternative marker of lead exposure. Multivariable logistic regression models, restricted cubic spline and threshold effect analyses were performed to investigate the effect of blood lead on SC-MI.ResultsAfter adjusting for age, sex, race, diabetes, hypertension, systolic blood pressure, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, triglycerides, total cholesterol, creatinine, fasting plasma glucose and hemoglobin Alc, higher blood lead level was independently related to higher risk of SC-MI (OR 1.047, 95% CI [1.018, 1.077]; P = 0.003). Restricted cubic spline curve showed that there was a non-linear correlation between blood lead and SC-MI. Threshold effect analysis determined that the inflection point of blood lead was 3.8 ug/dl. When the blood lead level was higher than 3.8 ug/dl, there was an independent positive correlation between blood lead level and the risk of SC-MI (OR 1.031, 95% CI [1.009, 1.053]; P &lt; 0.01). And similar associations were also observed among subgroups of male, ≤60 years, &gt;60 years, never smoker, non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black or without hypertension and diabetes.ConclusionsBlood lead was non-linearly related to SC-MI in population free from CVD.
Markers for DNA damage are induced in the rat colon by the Alternaria toxin altertoxin-II, but not a complex extract of cultured Alternaria alternata
Authors: Aichinger Georg , Pahlke Gudrun , Puntscher Hannes , Groestlinger Julia , Grabher Stephanie , Braun Dominik , Tillmann Katharina , Plasenzotti Roberto , Del Favero Giorgia , Warth Benedikt , Höger Harald , Marko Doris 
Published: October 2022

Mycotoxins produced by Alternaria spp. act genotoxic in cell-based studies, but data on their toxicity in vivo is scarce and urgently required for risk assessment. Thus, male Sprague-Dawley rats received single doses of a complex Alternaria toxin extract (CE; 50 mg/kg bw), altertoxin II (ATX-II; 0.21 mg/kg bw) or vehicle by gavage, one of the most genotoxic metabolites in vitro and were sacrificed after 3 or 24 h, respectively. Using SDS-PAGE/Western Blot, a significant increase of histone 2a.X phosphorylation and depletion of the native protein was observed for rats that were exposed to ATX-II for 24 h. Applying RT-PCR array technology we identified genes of interest for qRT-PCR testing, which in turn confirmed an induction of Rnf8 transcription in the colon of rats treated with ATX-II for 3 h and CE for 24 h. A decrease of Cdkn1a transcription was observed in rats exposed to ATX-II for 24 h, possibly indicating tissue repair after chemical injury. In contrast to the observed response in the colon, no markers for genotoxicity were induced in the liver of treated animals. We hereby provide the first report of ATX-II as a genotoxicant in vivo. Deviating results for similar concentrations of ATX-II in a natural Alternaria toxin mixture argue for substantial mixture effects.
Tacrolimus Monotherapy is Safe in Immunologically Low-Risk Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Randomized-Controlled Pilot Study
Authors: de Weerd Annelies E. , Fatly Zainab Al , Boer-Verschragen Marieken , Kal-van Gestel Judith A. , Roelen Dave L. , Dieterich Marjolein , Betjes Michiel G. H. 
Published: October 2022

In this randomized-controlled pilot study, the feasibility and safety of tacrolimus monotherapy in immunologically low-risk kidney transplant recipients was evaluated [NTR4824, www.trialregister.nl]. Low immunological risk was defined as maximal 3 HLA mismatches and the absence of panel reactive antibodies. Six months after transplantation, recipients were randomized if eGFR &gt;30 ml/min, proteinuria &lt;50 mg protein/mmol creatinine, no biopsy-proven rejection after 3 months, and no lymphocyte depleting therapy given. Recipients were randomized to tacrolimus/mycophenolate mofetil (TAC/MMF) or to taper and discontinue MMF at month 9 (TACmono). 79 of the 121 recipients were randomized to either TACmono (n = 38) or TAC/MMF (n = 41). Mean recipient age was 59 years and 59% received a living donor transplant. The median follow-up was 62 months. After randomization, 3 TACmono and 4 TAC/MMF recipients experienced a biopsy-proven rejection. At 5 years follow-up, patient survival was 84% in TACmono versus 76% in TAC/MMF with death-censored graft survival of 97% for both groups and no differences in eGFR and proteinuria. Eleven TACmono recipients had an infectious episode versus 22 TAC/MMF recipients (p &lt; 0.03). Donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies were not detected during follow-up in both groups. Tacrolimus monotherapy in selected immunologically low-risk kidney transplant recipients appears safe and reduces the number of infections.
Glyptothorax (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from the Middle East: An Integrated Molecular and Morphological Insight into Its Taxonomic Diversity
Authors: Sayyadzadeh Golnaz , Zarei Fatah , Esmaeili Hamid Reza 
Published: October 2022

The Glyptothorax species from the Middle East are taxonomically revised based on extensive geographic range and taxon sampling, tree topologies from mitochondrial COI and Cyt b and nuclear RAG2 markers (2532 bps), molecular species delimitation and genetic distance analyses of DNA sequences against morphometric and morphological characters. A majority-rule consensus based on conceptually different molecular species delimitation analyses combined with the Bayesian and maximum likelihood tree topologies considered all the name-bearing Iranian endemic clades of Glyptothorax, except for G. pallens (i.e., G. alidaeii, G. galaxias, G. hosseinpanahii, G. shapuri and G. silviae) as a single molecular entity. We also lent our years of experience to the morphology of Iranian Glyptothorax populations and tried to perceive consistent morphological differences, but without success. Therefore, based on this integrated molecular and morphological study, we treat G. alidaeii, G. galaxias, G. hosseinpanahii and G. shapuri as conspecific with G. silviae. Furthermore, our molecular and morphological results confirmed the first record of G. cous in Iranian waters. The species G. armeniacus, G. cous, G. daemon, G. kurdistanicus, G. pallens, G. silviae and G. steindachneri are considered as valid species.
The Probiotic Strains Bifidοbacterium lactis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces boulardii Regulate Wound Healing and Chemokine Responses in Human Intestinal Subepithelial Myofibroblasts
Authors: Tarapatzi Gesthimani , Filidou Eirini , Kandilogiannakis Leonidas , Spathakis Michail , Gaitanidou Maria , Arvanitidis Konstantinos , Drygiannakis Ioannis , Valatas Vassilis , Kotzampassi Katerina , Manolopoulos Vangelis G. , Kolios George , Vradelis Stergios 
Published: October 2022

Bifidobacterium lactis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces boulardii are common probiotic supplements. Colonic subepithelial myofibroblasts (cSEMFs) are actively involved in mucosal wound healing and inflammation. cSEMFs, isolated from healthy individuals, were stimulated with 102 or 104 cfu/mL of these probiotic strains alone and in combination, and their effect on chemokine and wound healing factor expression was assessed by qRT-PCR, ELISA and Sircol Assay, and on cSEMFs migration, by Wound Healing Assay. These strains remained viable and altered cSEMFs’ inflammatory and wound healing behavior, depending on the strain and concentration. cSEMFs treated with a combination of the four probiotics had a moderate, but statistically significant, increase in the mRNA and/or protein expression of chemokines CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL4, CXCL8, CXCL10, CCL2 and CCL5, and healing factors, collagen type I and III, fibronectin and tissue factor. In contrast, when each strain was administered alone, different effects were observed, with greater increase or decrease in chemokine and healing factor expression, which was balanced by the mixture. Overall, this study highlights that the use of multiple probiotic strains can potentially alert the gut mucosal immune system and promote wound healing, having a better effect on mucosal immunity than the use of single probiotics.
A Deep Learning Framework for Accurate Vehicle Yaw Angle Estimation from a Monocular Camera Based on Part Arrangement
Authors: Huang Wenjun , Li Wenbo , Tang Luqi , Zhu Xiaoming , Zou Bin 
Published: October 2022

An accurate object pose is essential to assess its state and predict its movements. In recent years, scholars have often predicted object poses by matching an image with a virtual 3D model or by regressing the six-degree-of-freedom pose of the target directly from the pixel data via deep learning methods. However, these approaches may ignore a fact that was proposed in the early days of computer vision research, i.e., that object parts are strongly represented in the object pose. In this study, we propose a novel and lightweight deep learning framework, YAEN (yaw angle estimation network), for accurate object yaw angle prediction from a monocular camera based on the arrangement of parts. YAEN uses an encoding–decoding structure for vehicle yaw angle prediction. The vehicle part arrangement information is extracted by the part-encoding network, and the yaw angle is extracted from vehicle part arrangement information by the yaw angle decoding network. Because vehicle part information is refined by the encoder, the decoding network structure is lightweight; the YAEN model has low hardware requirements and can reach a detection speed of 97FPS on a 2070s graphics cards. To improve the performance of our model, we used asymmetric convolution and SSE (sum of squared errors) loss functions of adding the sign. To verify the effectiveness of this model, we constructed an accurate yaw angle dataset under real-world conditions with two vehicles equipped with high-precision positioning devices. Experimental results prove that our method can achieve satisfactory prediction performance in scenarios in which vehicles do not obscure each other, with an average prediction error of less than 3.1° and an accuracy of 96.45% for prediction errors of less than 10° in real driving scenarios.
EVALUASI KESESUAIAN LAHAN UNTUK BUDIDAYA JERUK KEPROK (CITRUS RETICULATA) BERBASIS SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFI DI KECAMATAN KUALIN KABUPATEN TIMUR TENGAH SELATAN
Authors: Metboki Stending , Samin Mikael , Rahmawati Arfita 
Published: October 2022

Tangerines have become iconic in South Central Timor Regency. However, in Kualin District, production has been decreasing in the last five years. Cultivation of this plant requires special geographical factors. The role of geographic information systems can support both aspects of analysis, manipulation, and presentation. This study aims to determine the area of land class for the cultivation of tangerines in Kualin District using a geographic information system. This study uses a quantitative descriptive method. The data analysis technique used to determine land suitability is the matching method or the matching of each land characteristic. The data collection technique used in this study is to interpret remote sensing images and secondary data, then overlay them so that they provide four levels of conformity, namely very suitable (S1), suitable (S2), less suitable (S3) and not suitable (N). . The results of the study are as follows: 1. Map overlay analysis shows that most of the area has unsuitable land (S3) with an area of 121.08 km2 (59.62 %), land that is quite suitable (S2) is 87.32 km2 (40, 05 %), very unsuitable area (N) was 0.62 km2 (0.32 %) and for very suitable area (S1) it was only 0.02 km2 or 0.01% of the total area of Kualin District.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN HOME INDUSTRY TENUN IKAT DENGAN MEMPERHATIKAN RAMAH LINGKUNGAN DI DESA LAMAPAHA KECAMATAN KELUBAGOLIT KABUPATEN FLORES TIMUR
Authors: Kewa Susanti , Wulakada Hamza Huri , Hasan Muhammad Husain 
Published: October 2022

The aims of this study are (1) to determine the types of problems in the ikat weaving industry in Lamapaha Village, (2) to identify the threat of environmental damage and pollution from the ikat weaving production process in Lamapaha Village, (3) to determine what factors hinder and support the sustainability of the ikat weaving industry. Ikat home industry in Lamapaha Village (4) to find out how the strategy is to overcome the problems of developing ikat home industry in Lamapaha Village. This research method is descriptive qualitative. The respondents in this study were ikat craftsmen in Lamapaha Village. Data analysis used in this research is descriptive qualitative and SWOT analysis. The results of this study are (1) ikat weaving is a culture whose benefits are enhanced and can then be referred to as a side business. But based on the characteristics of the weaving activity, ikat weaving can be classified as a home industry activity. (2) Home industry activities pose a threat to pollution and environmental damage, namely the felling of trees in the manufacture of tools and materials that produce chemical waste in the process of making ikat and waste that can damage the surrounding environment (3) Supporting factors are: as a culturally inherited from generation to generation, natural resources are easy to obtain, add to the family's economy, good quality, take advantage of free time. inhibiting factors: self-consumption, use of chemicals, soil pollution and damage to the surrounding ecosystem, the workforce is generally old. (4) The strategy of developing a home industry for ikat weaving by taking into account environmental friendliness in Lamapaha Village is to develop cooperation, increase socialization about environmental pollution and empower weaving groups.