bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel three‐step process for the identification of inner ear malformation types
Authors: Dhanasingh Anandhan E. , Weiss Nora M. , Erhard Varachaya , Altamimi Fahad , Roland Peter , Hagr Abdulrahman , Van Rompaey Vincent , Van de Heyning Paul 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveWe hypothesize that visualizing inner‐ear systematically in both cochlear view (oblique coronal plane) and in mid‐modiolar section (axial plane) and following three sequential steps simplifies, identification of inner‐ear malformation types.MethodsPre‐operative computer‐tomography (CT) scans of temporal bones of 112 ears with various inner ear malformation (IEM) types were taken for analysis. Images were analyzed using DICOM viewers, 3D slicer, and OTOPLAN®. The inner‐ear was captured in the oblique‐coronal plane for the measurement of length and width of cochlear basal turn which is also called as A‐, and B‐values respectively (Step 1). In the same plane, the angular‐turns of lateral‐wall (LW) of cochlear basal turn were measured (Step 2). As Step 3, the mid‐modiolar section of inner ear was captured in the axial plane by following the A‐value and perpendicular to cochlear view. From the mid‐modiolar section, the outer‐contour of inner ear was captured manually by following contrasting gray area between fluid filled and bony promontory and was compared to known resembling objects to identify IEM types (Step 3).ResultsFollowing reference values have emerged from our analysis: A‐, and B‐values (Step 1) on average are >8 mm and >5.5 mm respectively, in normal cochleae (NA), enlarged vestibular aqueduct syndrome (EVAS), incomplete partition (IP) type‐I and ‐II, whereas it is <8 mm and <5.5 mm respectively, in IP type‐III and cochlear hypoplasia (CH). Angular‐turn of LW is consistently observed in cochlear basal turn (Step 2), is 540° in NA and EVAS, 450° in IP‐II, and 360° in IP types I & III. In subjects with CH type, angular‐turn of LW is either 360° or 450° or 540°. In true mid‐modiolar section, outer‐contour of inner‐ear (Step‐3), other than in CH and cystic inner‐ear malformations, resembles recognizable shapes of known objects. Absence of EVA is an additional characteristic that confirms diagnosis of CH when the A‐, B‐values, and angular‐turn of LW can be similar to other anatomical types. Drawing a straight line along posterior edge of internal auditory canal (IAC) in axial view can differentiate a true common cavity (CC) from cochlear aplasia‐vestibular cavity (VC).ConclusionThree‐step process proposed in this study captures inner‐ear in cochlear view as well in mid‐modiolar sections visualizing key features of inner‐ear in identification of IEM types.Level of EvidenceLevel 1.
Risk factors of arytenoid dislocation after endotracheal intubation: A propensity‐matched analysis
Authors: Kong Xiangyu , Song Yang , Wang Lijun , He Guili , Ma Changhong , Zhao Rui , Wang Minjun , Shi Lin , Cui Wanming 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveArytenoid dislocation (AD) after general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation (EI) is an iatrogenic injury that impairs patient function and requires reduction. We aimed to investigate the risk factors of AD following EI.MethodsThis retrospective case‐control study involved surgical adults who received EI for general anesthesia at a single institution from June 2010 to June 2020. Cases included all the patients who had AD. We used a ratio of 1:5 to identify patients in the propensity‐matched control group.ResultsMultivariate analysis of 49 cases with AD and 245 controls without AD demonstrated that the use of a nasogastric (NG) tube (odds ratio [OR], 23.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 6.8–84.1), undergoing abdominal surgery (OR, 3.7; 95% CI, 1.2–11.9), and an operative time longer than 3 h (OR, 5.2; 95% CI, 2.1–12.9) were risk factors for AD. We did not find significant independent associations between AD and 40 years or older age, gender, body mass index, whether a laryngeal mask airway was used, endotracheal tube size, and EI performers' experience.ConclusionThe use of an NG tube, abdominal surgery, and longer operative time were risk factors for AD. Among these, the NG tube application showed a strong association with AD. Preventive measures of informing the patients of the increased risk and providing high‐level patient monitoring can reduce the incidence of AD.Level of EvidenceIII
Nutrition labeling, numerosity effects, and vigilance among diet‐sensitive individuals
Authors: Greenacre Luke , Chan Eugene Y. , Cohen Justin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNumerosity effects have been investigated in the psychology and marketing literatures. While the effects are documented in outcomes including money and temperature judgments, the potential application and effects of numerosity for nutrition labeling remain unexplored. In this work, we propose that vigilance offers one circumstance when individuals might succumb to numerosity effects. Within the context of nutrition labeling, we propose that the increased vigilance that people with diet‐sensitive illnesses have for specific nutrients on nutrition labels, counter‐intuitively, exacerbates the numerosity effect. We demonstrate that those with diabetes and those with hypertension, for example, are more vigilant for information on nutrition labels relevant to their condition, sugar, and salt, and this greater vigilance counterintuitively leads them to exhibit greater numerosity effects for those nutrients, influencing their food perceptions. As an illustration, we find that a person with hypertension would consider a food product with, say, 3 g of sodium to have less sodium content and be more healthful than one with 3000 mg, although the quantities are equivalent. Our research highlights to policymakers that a “one‐size‐fits‐all” solution for nutrition labeling is not appropriate.
The early days of ex vivo 1H, 13C, and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance in the laboratory of Dr. Robert G. Shulman from 1975 to 1995
Authors: Rothman Douglas L. , Behar Kevin L. , Petroff Ognen A. C. , Shulman Robert G. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper provides a brief description of the early use of ex vivo nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies of tissue and tissue extracts performed in the laboratory of Dr. Robert G. Shulman from 1975 through 1995 at Bell Laboratories, then later at Yale University. During that period, ex vivo NMR provided critical information in support of resonance assignments and the quantitation of concentrations for magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies. The period covered saw rapid advances in magnet technology, starting with studies of microorganisms in vertical bore high‐resolution NMR studies, then by 1981 studies of small mammals in a horizontal bore magnet, and then studies of humans in 1984. Ex vivo NMR played a critical role in all these studies. A general strategy developed in the lab for using ex vivo NMR to support in vivo studies is presented, as well as illustrative examples.
Health systems responsiveness towards the Mentor Mother Program for preventing mother‐to‐child transmission of HIV in military hospitals
Authors: Ibu Josephine Moshe , Mhlongo Euphemia Mbali 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimThis study explored health systems responsiveness towards the Mentor Mother Program for PMTCT in the Nigeria Department of Defence hospitals. Factors affecting quality service were also highlighted, which gave helpful insights into the strategies employed by stakeholders to ensure that health systems responsiveness was propagated responsibly.DesignAn exploratory qualitative interview study.MethodsSix semistructured interviews were conducted with six key informants (three doctors and three nurses) and one focus group session with six Mentor Mothers. Open coding of data was done to formulate themes and subthemes. Thematic analysis was adopted for analysis.ResultsFour themes emerged—Service Quality, Basic Amenities, Patient‐oriented Strategies and Factors affecting service Quality. These showcased the nonmedical components of health systems responsiveness and accentuated how well they were utilized to achieve health systems responsiveness.
Prevention of bleomycin‐induced lung fibrosis via inhibition of the MRTF/SRF transcription pathway
Authors: Pawelec Kendell M. , Varnum Megan , Harkema Jack R. , Auerbach Bruce , Larsen Scott D. , Neubig Richard R. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBleomycin‐induced lung fibrosis is a debilitating disease, linked to high morbidity and mortality in chemotherapy patients. The MRTF/SRF transcription pathway has been proposed as a potential therapeutic target, as it is critical for myofibroblast differentiation, a hallmark of fibrosis. In human lung fibroblasts, the MRTF/SRF pathway inhibitor, CCG‐257081, effectively decreased mRNA levels of downstream genes: smooth muscle actin and connective tissue growth factor, with IC50s of 4 and 15 μM, respectively. The ability of CCG‐257081 to prevent inflammation and fibrosis, measured via pulmonary collagen content and histopathology, was tested in a murine model of bleomycin‐induced lung fibrosis. Animals were given intraperitoneal bleomycin for 4 weeks and concurrently dosed with CCG‐257081 (0, 10, 30, and 100 mg/kg PO), a clinical anti‐fibrotic (nintedanib) or the clinical standard of care (prednisolone). Mice treated with 100 mg/kg CCG‐257081 gained weight vs. vehicle‐treated control mice, while those receiving nintedanib and prednisolone lost significant weight. Hydroxyproline content and histological findings in tissue of animals on 100 mg/kg CCG‐257081 were not significantly different from naive tissue, indicating successful prevention. Measures of tissue fibrosis were comparable between CCG‐257081 and nintedanib, but only the MRTF/SRF inhibitor decreased plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1), a marker linked to fibrosis, in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. In contrast, prednisolone led to marked increases in lung fibrosis by all metrics. This study demonstrates the potential use of MRTF/SRF inhibitors to prevent bleomycin‐induced lung fibrosis in a clinically relevant model of the disease.
Developing the radiation‐based sterile insect technique (SIT) for controlling Aedes aegypti: identification of a sterilizing dose
Authors: Chen Chao , Aldridge Robert L. , Gibson Seth , Kline Jedidiah , Aryaprema Vindhya , Qualls Whitney , Xue Rui‐de , Boardman Leigh , Linthicum Kenneth J. , Hahn Daniel A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe sterile insect technique (SIT) is emerging as a tool to supplement traditional pesticide‐based control of Aedes aegypti, a prominent mosquito vector of microbes that has increased the global burden of human morbidity and mortality over the past 50 years. SIT relies on rearing, sterilizing and releasing large numbers of male mosquitoes that will mate with fertile wild females, thus reducing production of offspring from the target population. In this study, we investigated the effects of ionizing radiation (gamma) on male and female survival, longevity, mating behavior, and sterility of Ae. aegypti in a dose–response design. This work is a first step towards developing an operational SIT field suppression program against Ae. aegypti in St. Augustine, Florida, USA.ResultsExposing late‐stage pupae to 50 Gy of radiation yielded 99% male sterility while maintaining similar survival of pupae to adult emergence, adult longevity and male mating competitiveness compared to unirradiated males. Females were completely sterilized at 30 Gy, and when females were dosed with 50 Gy, they had a lower incidence of blood‐feeding than unirradiated females.ConclusionOur work suggests that an ionizing radiation dose of 50 Gy should be used for future development of operational SIT in our program area because at this dose males are 99% sterile while maintaining mating competitiveness against unirradiated males. Furthermore, females that might be accidentally released with sterile males as a result of errors in sex sorting also are sterile and less likely to blood‐feed than unirradiated females at our 50 Gy dose. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Incipient empyema as an embolic complication of group A streptococcal septic arthritis in a patient with concomitant influenza B infection
Authors: Callum Jack , Hinde Darcy , Chew Rusheng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA 43‐year‐old healthy male presented with left ankle septic arthritis. Surgical specimens cultured Streptococcus pyogenes (group A Streptococcus, GAS) and IV benzylpenicillin was commenced. In the setting of coryzal symptoms, a chest radiograph and nasopharyngeal swab revealed a left‐sided pleural effusion and influenza B infection, respectively. Persisting fevers, rising CRP, and increasing breathlessness led to repeat chest radiography showing a rapidly enlarging left‐sided effusion. Following intercostal catheter insertion with intrapleural fibrinolytic therapy, 6 L of haemorrhagic fluid was drained leading to defervescence and clinical improvement. At follow‐up 4 weeks later, he was asymptomatic with a normal chest radiograph. Similar to previous reported cases of GAS empyema, this case was associated with concurrent viral respiratory tract infection, but is unusual as it arose through haematogenous seeding from an extra‐thoracic source. This case reminds clinicians to be aware of the strongly pyogenic nature of GAS and its significance as a potential cause of pleural infection, especially in patients with concomitant viral respiratory infections.
Using genetic algorithms for automating automated lane‐keeping system testing
Authors: Klampfl Lorenz , Klück Florian , Wotawa Franz 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we outline an approach for automatically generating challenging road networks for virtual testing of an automated lane‐keeping system. Based on a set of control points, we construct a parametric curve representing a road network, defining the dynamic driving task an automated lane‐keeping system‐equipped vehicle must perform. Changing control points has a global influence on the resulting road geometry. Our approach uses search to find control‐point sets that result in a challenging road, eventually forcing the vehicle to leave the intended path. We apply our approach in different search variants to evaluate their performance regarding test efficiency and the diversity of failing tests. In addition, we evaluate different genetic algorithm control parameter configurations to investigate the most influential parameters and if specific configurations can be seen asoptimal, leading to better results than others. For both studies, we consider another search‐based test method and two different random test generators as a baseline for comparison. The empirical results indicate that specific control parameter settings increase the overall performance for each search variant. While the population size is the most influential control parameter for all methods, the performance improvement when usingoptimalsettings is only significant for one method.
Therapeutic Effect of Chia Seed Oil‐Based Ice Cream against Coronary Heart Disease in Wister Rat Model
Authors: Amin Sabahat , Saeed Muhammad , Yasmin Iqra , Iqbal Muhammad Waheed , Khan Wahab Ali , Azam Muhammad 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe present study is designed to explore the therapeutic effect of chia seed oil (CSO) based ice cream against Coronary heart disease (CHD). CSO based ice cream is developed by using different concentrations of CSO (G2 3%, G3 5%, and G4 7%). The incorporation of CSO improves the DPPH activity of ice cream along with the betterment in the level of total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid contet (TFC) without affecting the sensory attributes. The bio‐evaluation trials are carried out on male Wister rats by feeding them with CSO based ice cream for 45 days. Blood serum of rats is taken and analyzed after 0, 15, 30, and 45 day intervals for the determination of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), and low‐density lipoprotein (LDL). The results show a significant (p < 0.05) decrease (51%) in TG level in G3 (109.88–104.74 mg dL−1). HDL level is increased (25.23–35.78 mg dL−1) and LDL level decreases (29.19–23.18 mg dL−1) for all the groups. It can be concluded that CSO based ice cream has therapeutic effect to improve the incidence of CHD and to better improve the serum lipid profile.
Photobiomodulation and visual stimulation against cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease pathology: A systematic review
Authors: Monteiro Francisca , Carvalho Óscar , Sousa Nuno , Silva Filipe S. , Sotiropoulos Ioannis 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionGiven the ineffectiveness of the available drug treatment against Alzheimer disease (AD), light‐based therapeutic modalities have been increasingly receiving attention with photobiomodulation (PBM) and, more recently, visual stimulation (VS) being among the most promising approaches. However, the PBM and VS light parameters tested so far, as well as their outcomes, vary a lot with conflicting results being reported.MethodsBased on Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases search, this systematic review summarizes, compares, and discusses 43 cell, animal, and human studies of PBM and VS related to cognitive decline and AD pathology.ResultsPreclinical work suggests that PBM with 640±30‐nm light and VS at 40 Hz attenuates Aβ and Tau pathology and improves neuronal and synaptic plasticity with most studies pointing towards enhancement of degradation/clearance mechanisms in the brain of AD animal models. Despite the gap of the translational evidence for both modalities, the few human studies performed so far support the use of PBM at 810‐870 nm light pulsing at 40 Hz for improving brain network connectivity and memory in older subjects and AD patients, while 40 Hz VS in humans seems to improve cognition; further clinical investigation is urgently required to clarify the beneficial impact of PBM and VS in AD patients.DiscussionThis review highlights PBM and VS as promising light‐based therapeutic approaches against AD brain neuropathology and related cognitive decline, clarifying the most effective light parameters for further preclinical and clinical testing and use.Highlights
Light‐based brain stimulation produces neural entrainment and reverts neuronal damage
Brain PBM and VS attenuate AD neuropathology
PMB and VS are suggested to improve cognitive performance in AD patients and animal models
Light stimulation represents a promising therapeutic strategy against neurodegeneration
Crafting in Dialogue with the Material Environment
Authors: Mäkelä Maarit 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe chapter discusses craft making as an embodied practice that enables a profound (re)consideration of the relationship between the human and non-human realms. The core idea is the relationship between a craftsperson and the material world, especially how the maker is able to identify the types of matter that are productive for creative practice. The chapter introduces the author’s recent creative practice in which soil matter is gathered from the natural environment, processed further in the studio context, and then used as a part of ceramics making. The presented case is related to the wider discourse in which humans are understood as playing a critical role in planetary wellbeing and survival. The chapter proposes that craft making can act as a sensitizer that helps us in realizing and appreciating non-human actants around us. Crafting can also help in comprehending the importance of the caring actions we need to take and maintain towards the non-human world. In the chapter, craft is understood as a philosophical space that enables thinking through the ethical and ecological concerns related to the environment by providing an opportunity to practise and nourish a dialogical relationship with a specific environment.
Late time acceleration in Palatini gravity
Authors: Antoniadis Ignatios , Guillen Anthony , Tamvakis Kyriakos 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We investigate the effect of the quadratic correction αR2 and non-minimal coupling ξϕ2R on a quintessence model with an exponential potential V(ϕ) = M4exp(−λϕ) in the Palatini formulation of gravity. We use dynamical system techniques to analyze the attractor structure of the model and uncover the possible trajectories of the system. We find that the quadratic correction cannot play a role in the late time dynamics, except for unacceptably large values of the parameter α; although it can play a role at early times. We find viable evolutions, from a matter-dominated phase to an accelerated expansion phase, with the dynamics driven by the non-minimal coupling. These evolutions correspond to trajectories where the field ends up frozen, thus acting as a cosmological constant.
A method for high dynamic range 3D color modeling of objects through a color camera
Authors: Zhang Yanan , Qiao Dayong , Xia Changfeng , Yang Di , Fang Shilei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel method for enhancing the dynamic range of structured-light cameras to solve the problem of highlight that occurs when 3D modeling highly reflective objects using the structured-light method. Our method uses the differences in quantum efficiency between R, G, and B pixels in the color image sensor of a monochromatic laser to obtain structured-light images of an object under test with different luminance values. Our approach sacrifices the resolution of the image sensor to increase the dynamic range of the vision system. Additionally, to enhance our system, we leverage the backgrounds of structured-light stripe pattern images to restore the color information of measured objects, whereas the background is often removed as noise in other 3D reconstruction systems. This reduces the number of cameras required for 3D reconstruction and the matching error between point clouds and color data. We modeled both highly reflective and non-highly reflective objects and achieved satisfactory results.
The prevalence and risk factors of Trichomonas vaginalis in Wuhan and the Tibetan area, China: a two-center study
Authors: Zhu Xiaowu , Liu Linlin , Yixi Lamu , Yang Yanan , Zhang Yan , Yang Zhen , Chen Huali , Dong Jinfeng , Yang Shouhua 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTrichomonas vaginalis(T. vaginalis) infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide and is associated with several complications. However, the paucity of research regarding the prevalence ofT. vaginalisinfection in the Tibetan area limits control efforts. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence ofT. vaginalisinfection in the Tibetan area by a comparison with the prevalence ofT. vaginalisin Wuhan city and to unveil the potential risk factors in the Tibetan area. This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among adult women attending gynecology outpatient clinics in two public hospitals (one in Shannan city of Tibet and one in Wuhan city) in China in 2020. Data were retrieved from the medical record system and laboratory information management system, includingT. vaginalisinfection, bacterial vaginosis, and vulvovaginal candidiasis by wet mount microscopy or nucleic acid hybridization of vaginal secretions from patients. The associations of variables associated withT. vaginalisprevalence were quantified by odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. The overall prevalence rates ofT. vaginalisinfection in the Tibetan area and Wuhan city were 20.94% and 2.84%, respectively. The statistically significant factors for the higher prevalence ofT. vaginalisinfection in the Tibetan area included tertiary educational status (AOR: 0.36 [95% CI: 0.16–0.81]), yearly family income > ¥100,000 (AOR: 0.48 [95% CI: 0.26–0.91]), clinical symptoms (AOR: 4.58[95% CI: 2.32–9.04]), and III–IV grade vaginal cleanliness (AOR: 29.71 [95% CI: 3.95–223.56]) in the multivariate logistic analysis. Interventions targeting improved living standards as well as women’s educational level and promoting reproductive hygiene habits are recommended to contribute to the reduction inT. vaginalisinfection in the Tibetan area.