bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental Study of the Post-tensioned Unbonded Prestressing UHPC Prefabricated Retaining Blocks for Highway Bridges
Authors: Wu Wenpeng , He Jialong , Li Lifeng , Li Huihui 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The traditional sacrificial concrete shear keys are generally employed in practical bridges to restrain the excessive transverse displacements of the superstructures and protect the substructures from being seriously damaged under the earthquakes. However, the post-earthquake rehabilitations or reconstructions of the conventional concrete shear keys are difficult and inconvenient. To this end, this paper proposed and designed a novel modified post-tensioned unbonded prestressed ultra-high-performance-concrete (UHPC) prefabricated retaining block (UHPC-PRB) structure with the straight joint connection. The novel UHPC-PRB structure is composed of the prefabricated UHPC retaining block, the prestressing anchorage system, and the cast-in-situ cap beam. The prefabricated UHPC retaining block was installed to the cast-in-situ cap beam using the unbonded prestressing tendons. The proposed UHPC-PRB structure is supposed to be effective in not only providing the same functionality as the traditional concrete shear keys, but also is expected of simplifying the retrofit process and reducing the rehabilitation expense. To investigate the seismic behavior of the proposed UHPC-PRB structure, four specimens were designed and the pseudo-static tests were carried out. The damage process, displacements, strains, and stress states of specimens were studied. In addition, influences of the loading height, thickness of the UHPC retaining block, and the initial prestresses of the prestressing tendons on the seismic performance of the proposed UHPC-PRB structure were also studied. The experimental results indicated that, (i) the proposed UHPC-PRB structures had excellent lateral deformation ability and self-resetting capacity; (ii) the initial prestresses of the prestressing tendons had significant effects on the lateral displacement, critical rotational load, and horizontal bearing capacity of UHPC retaining blocks; (iii) prestress loss of the prestressing tendons had certain effect on the development of the bilinear analytical model of UHPC retaining blocks, but this effect could be ignored in practical bridges; and (iv) increasing the horizontal loading height would reduce the critical rotational load and bearing capacity of UHPC retaining blocks.
Impact of Cataract Surgery on Cognitive Impairment in Older People
Authors: Yoshida Yuto , Ono Koichi , Sekimoto Shinichiro , Umeya Reiko , Hiratsuka Yoshimune 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
While it has been recognized visual impairment is associated with cognitive impairment in older people, the effect of cataract surgery in patients with cognitive impairment is still not clear. Therefore, we examined the impact of cataract surgery on mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in older people.
Methods
This prospective observational study included patients aged 75 years and older who underwent cataract surgery between 2019 and 2021. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and MMSE for the visually impaired (MMSE-blind) were measured to evaluate cognitive function before and 3 months after cataract surgery. This study examined associations between improvement in cognitive function and other factors.
Results
Of 132 patients screened for inclusion in the study, 88 met the inclusion criteria; 39 patients were assigned to the dementia group (mean age, 85.7±4.2 years) and 49 to the MCI group (mean age, 84.2±3.4 years). The MCI group showed significant improvement from before to after surgery in the MMSE score (25.65±1.03 vs 27.08 ± 1.99, respectively; P < 0.001) and MMSE-blind score (18.04±1.14 vs 19.41 ±2.01, respectively; P<0.001). Cognitive function improved significantly in the MCI group compared with the dementia group (odds ratio, 2.85; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-7.97; P=0.046).
Conclusions
Cataract surgery significantly increases cognitive test scores in older patients with MCI. After cataract surgery, the likelihood of improvement in cognitive function may be highly dependent on a patient’s preoperative cognitive state.
A data-driven approach to forecast the length of stay and overall treatment cost for resistant bacterial infections.
Authors: Chandra Prashant , KE Vandana , Mukhopadhyay Chiranjay , U Dinesh Acharya , M Surulivelrajan , V Rajesh 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The length of stay (LOS) and healthcare expenses for patients are drastically impacted by antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In addition to building a prediction model for AMR infection outcomes, the study will examine how AMR influences the attributable cost and length of stay in hospitalized patients. WEKA-ML version 3.8.6 was used to build the models. The discretization of LOS and cost into distinct bins is normalized. Utilizing a number of feature selection techniques, the best characteristics associated with the outcome were selected. The optimal feature selection strategy was selected, and several methods were used to the training (66 percent / 80 percent) and test (34 percent /20 percent) data sets to prevent underfitting and overfitting. Using ROC curves, prediction error, and accuracy metrics, the best-predicted model is selected. In terms of forecasting LOS, RF performed better (accuracy=69.6, ROC=0.852) than bagging (accuracy=69.6, ROC=0.862) while using the cfs subset attribute evaluation+greedy stepwise approach and the Infogain+ranker method. The majority of patients fell between the ranges of 7 and 14 days. With 34% of test data sets, RF outperformed marginally better using the infogain attribute selection+ranker technique (Accuracy=80.8 ROC=0.967) in predicting cost. Most fell into the >$1720 range, then came the $814 range. Effective LOS and treatment cost prediction for resistant infections gives crucial data that helps hospital administration, and the medical staff make crucial decisions. While avoiding a significant loss of resources, hospital administration can provide the appropriate and essential resources and the best medical team for treating the patient.
The influence of NbB inoculation on dendritic spacing and grain size of an aluminum 2017 alloy at different cooling rates
Authors: Silva Argos Soares , Sousa Sarah Maria de Albuquerque , de Gouveia Guilherme Lisboa , Garcia Amauri , Spinelli José 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Al-4Cu-Mg 2017 alloy is a significant Al extrusion alloy. As a result, knowing its behavior in terms of grain refining during casting stages becomes critical for the next processing steps. In the face of the shortcomings exhibited by TiB inoculants, the addition of NbB could be tested for this alloy as an alternative. The present article investigates the effects of NbB addition on grain size (GS), on secondary dendrite arm spacing (λ2) and on hardness of centrifugally cast (CC) and directionally solidified (DS) 2017 alloy samples, encompassing a broad range of cooling rates and solidification conditions. The λ2 did not change much as a result of the NbB inoculation, either for DS or CC samples, decreasing from 7.2 µm to 7.0 µm in the case of the 4 mm-thick CC samples and increasing from 17.0 µm to 22.5 µm in the case of the DS samples. The average GS, on the other hand, reduced from 293 µm to 136 µm for the NbB-containing CC samples and from 756 µm to 313 µm for the DS samples associated with cooling rates of 10 K/s. Both processes can achieve nearly the same GS reduction ratio, namely 2.2 for the CC and 2.5 for the DS. This implies that GS reduction ratio was barely affected if similar cooling rates were compared while taking the experimental range for both processes into account. Moreover, Vickers hardness results revealed that GS had little influence on this property for both alloys studied. The experimentally obtained data translated a variety of solidification condition outlines for the 2017 alloy. Through this data, understanding of an alternative inoculant in a significant Al alloy series advanced significantly.
Comprehensive characterization of the senescence gene Klotho in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Qiao Yating , Liu Fubin , Peng Yu , Wang Peng , Si Changyu , Wang Xixuan , Zhang Ming , Song Fangfang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Aging has become an important mechanism and target for lung diseases. We aimed to explore novel aging markers for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) that may partially modulate immune responses.
Methods
Aging-related gene sets were acquired from HAGR and Ageing Atlas databases. We retrieved RNA-seq expression and clinical data of LUAD from TCGA and three GEO cohorts. Candidate differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were selected by univariate COX, LASSO COX and multivariate COX regression to construct the prognostic model and nomogram. The ssGSEA, GO terms and KEGG pathway analysis were employed for functional enrichment. The Wilcoxon test and Kaplan-Meier method were applied for differences in distribution and prognosis, respectively. The Spearman method was performed for the correlations between KL expression and CPG site methylation, m6A modifications and immunological characteristics.
Results
We identified a four-gene prognostic panel of LUAD to construct a nomogram with C-index of 0.721, screening KL out as one prospective senescence gene. Low-expressed KL independently contributed to a poor prognosis for LUAD patients, which may be partially mediated by hypermethylation and m6A modification. Functional enrichment revealed the involvement of immune pathways, further proved by the positive correlation between KL expression and immune scores, abundance of immune infiltrating cells, and immunological characteristics. High-expressed KL gene in decreased immune cell subgroups (CD4 + memory T cells, Eosinophils, NK cells, et al) had a better prognosis.
Conclusion
Immune-related KL gene was a potent predictor of LUAD, suggesting that further exploration of KL as a therapeutic agent may break the bottleneck in LUAD treatment.
Acupuncture alleviates behavioral stereotypies of Tourette Syndrome via CB1 receptors in dopaminergic neurons of nigrostriatal system
Authors: Lin Lixue , Lan Yuye , Yu Lingling , Wang Suixi , Wu Shuang , Wan Wangyixuan , Hou Tengfei , Zhang Hong , Ge Wenqiang , Chen Chao , Zhanmu Ouyang , Ma Yan , Su Wen , Tang Yong , Yin Haiyan , Li Man 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective Tourette syndrome (TS) is a common neurological disorder characterized by behavioral stereotypies. Acupuncture has been found to improve stereotypical behavior in a clinical setting, but its mechanism remains unclear. The main pathogenesis of TS may result from the dysfunction of the dopamine (DA) system in the substantia nigra-striatal network. Moreover, endocannabinoids have therapeutic effects on TS by activating the CB1 receptors (CB1R).
Methods In this study, we determined the optimal acupuncture treatment for TS. Further, we investigated whether CB1R could mediate the effects of acupuncture treatment on behavioral stereotypies of TS and regulate the concentration of DA in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and the dorsal striatum (dSTR).
Results We found that both manual acupuncture and low-frequency electroacupuncture alleviated involuntary behavioral stereotypies in TS model mice, decreased the concentration of DA in the SNpc and dSTR, and increased CB1R expression in dopaminergic neurons in the SNpc. Targeted knockout of CB1R in dopaminergic neurons projecting from SNpc to dSTR reversed the effects of acupuncture.
Conclusion Our results support that CB1R in dopaminergic neurons projecting from SNpc to dSTR is involved in acupuncture treatment to alleviate stereotypical behavior in TS model mice.
Permafrost thawing drives long term changes in plant species composition at the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Yun Hanbo , Chen Anping , Zastruzny Sebastian , Liu Guojun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Permafrost soils contain nearly twice as much carbon as the atmosphere. The current observed climate warming will lead to widespread degradation of near-surface permafrost, which may perturb the vertical distribution of nutrition availability in permafrost-affected ecosystems, and the potential ramification is far-reaching to the carbon cycling between vegetation and climate.
Aims: A better understanding of permafrost thawing how to drive plant growth and species composition is crucial for predicting the consequence of climate change for permafrost affected ecosystem response.
Methods: We explored the relationship between permafrost thawing, soil chemistry, soil nutrition, and above-ground biomass, maximum rooting depth and species composition across space, and over four decades of warming at 14 Tibet Plateau sites.
Results: 1) With permafrost thawing, both cation and anion concentration increased at the ground surface layer (0-50cm); 2) Particularly, nitrogen released from permafrost table stimulated maximum root depth, which drove the species composition; 3) Above-ground biomass in the long term (Fourth decades) did not have a statistic change, although in some special-specific years had a significant fluctuant.
Conclusions: Here, we provided suggestions that deep-rooting species have a competitive advantage than shallow-rooting species driver the species composition under climate warming. Whereas, our findings highlight the water-soluble salt (nutrient) concentration and location varieties intense the competitive advantage of deep-rooting species due to short the time of the belowground growing season.
Kinetics Analysis of Ozonation Process of Recovering Manganese Dioxide from Aqueous Phase in the Presence of Manganese Dithionate
Authors: Qu Bing , Li Teng , Yang Zhengzheng , Ren Liping , Long Chengyin , Deng Honglian , Wu Mengqiang , Chen Sibei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Manganese sulfate, as preparation of manganese dioxide industrial raw material, is obtained upon desulfurization with manganese ore. However, a byproduct, manganese dithionate (MnS2O6) will debase the purity and spoils the recovery of the product. In order to find out the conversion mechanism of MnS2O6 during the ozonation process, we investigated the factors affecting the decomposition rate of MnS2O6, including ozone content, manganese dithionate concentration, sulfuric acid concentration, and reaction temperature. The results confirmed that the conversion rate of MnS2O6 is increased with the increasing of the four factors. There were two sections of MnS2O6 ozonation: (1) Mn2+ was directly oxidized to MnO2; (2) SO42− was obtained by the catalytic oxidation of S2O62− with O3. Meanwhile, the total activation energy of the ozonation kinetics equation of the ozonation reaction was 177.28 kJ mol− 1 according to kinetics analysis. The oxidation experimental results indicated that the oxidizer (O3) was not only beneficial to enhance the disproportionation of MnS2O6, but also provided a way to prevent the secondary pollution, SO2 gas releasing.
Right or Left moving ? Investigating Asymmetric Energy Dispersion Effects on Charge-Transfer between a Quantum Dot and Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube
Authors: Charoenpakdee J. , Suntijitrungruang Ongart , Boonchui S. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT), two-dimensional hexagonal lattice of carbon atoms, possess unique mechanical, electrical, optical and thermal properties. SWCNT can be synthesized in diverse chiral indexes to determine certain attributes. This work theoretically investigates electron transport in different directions along SWCNT. The electron studied in this research transfers from the quantum dot that can possibly move to the right or left direction in SWCNT. Noticeably, the simulation in this work shows the asymmetric electron transport in that the probability to find the electron and the electron’s group velocity is different for each direction. Such a result can be traced theoretically by certain effects. That firstly is the curvature effect on SWCNT in which the hopping integral between π electrons from the flat graphene is altered, and another is curvature-inducing σ − π mixture. Due to these effects, the band structure of SWCNT is asymmetric in certain chiral indexes leading to the asymmetric electron transport. Our results exhibit that the zigzag chiral indexes is the only type making electron transport symmetry that is different to the result from the other chiral index types which are the armchair and chiral. This work also illustrates the characteristic of the electron wave function propagating from the initial point to the tip of the tube over time, and the current density of the probability in specific times. Additionally, our research simulates the result from the dipole interaction between the electron in QD and the tube that impacts the lifetime of the electron being in QD. The simulation portrays that the more dipole interaction encourages the electron transfer to the tube, thereby shortening the lifetime. We as well suggest the reversed electron transfer from the tube to QD that the time duration of such transfer is much less than the opposite transfer owing to the different orbital of the electron’s states. The exploration in this work can be applied to carbon nanotube products, such as solar cells, artificial antennas, quantum computers and other coming technologies, for various advantages.
Complete genome sequence of a novel caulimovirus isolated from Dregea volubilis
Authors: Li Shangyun , Anane Rex Frimpong , Chen Zeli , Duan Chunfang , Wang Zhe , Gao Like , Yu Daihong , Chu Bifan , Yang Zefen , Wen Guosong , Zhao Mingfu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The complete genome sequence of a putative novel caulimovirus, tentatively named “Dregea volubilis caulimovirus 1.” (DVCaV1, GenBank accession no. MZ813180), infecting Dregea volubilis in China was determined using high-throughput sequencing (HTS). The complete open circular genomic DNA of DVCaV1 consists of 8,160 nucleotides (nt) and contains seven ORFs that encode a movement protein, an aphid transmission factor, a DNA-binding protein, a coat protein, a polymerase polyprotein, a translational transactivator protein and hypothetical protein, as well as two intergenic regions. This genome structure is typical of viruses of the genus Caulimovirus. Sequence comparisons analyses of the complete genome suggest that DVCaV1 is closely related to strawberry vein banding virus (NC_001725), and shares 43.3-50.3% nt sequence identity with caulimoviruses. Phylogenetic analysis showed that DVCaV1 clustered with viruses of the genus Caulimovirus,with strawberry vein banding virus being the closely related species. These results suggest that DVCaV1 is a new member of the genus Caulimovirusof the family Caulimoviridae. This is the first report of a caulimovirus infecting Dregea volubilis.
Study on arc characteristics and weld formation in the ultrasonic-magnetic hybrid GTAW
Authors: Li Wenlong , Liu Jin , Zhang Huijing , Chao Chen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper aim at increasing efficiencies in the uses of arc energy by adding the ultrasonic and magnetic fields. A new welding method is developed and named as Ultrasonic-Magnetic coaxial hybrid gas tungsten arc welding (U-M-GTAW). In this paper, the effect of tungsten extension and welding current on the arc characteristics under different welding methods and the effect of different welding methods on the formation of 304 stainless steel welds were investigated. The arc shape changed significantly with increasing tungsten extension, and the addition of ultrasonic waves can increase the arc energy and stiffness. As the current increases, the arc area increases, and the degree of contraction and rotation of the arc decreases. Compared to the weld penetration of GTAW, U-GTAW and M-GTAW increased by 58.6% and 11.5%, respectively, while the weld penetration of U-M-GTAW decreased slightly. Compared with the weld width of GTAW, U-GTAW increased by 97.1%, M-GTAW increased by 44.5%, and U-M-GTAW increased the most, by 123.8%.
The Role of Race in Deaths of Despair in Brazil: is It a White People Problem?
Authors: Guimarães Raphael Mendonça , Meira Karina Cardoso 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A new paradigm has been discussed regarding the impact of economic cycles on the mortality pattern from specific causes. These causes are called deaths of despair, and they selectively impact specific demographic groups. Also, low- and middle- income countries are most affected due to their economic and social instability. In this sense, the objective of study was to compare the magnitude of disparity in deaths from despair according to sex, age, and race in Brazil. We performed Poisson regression modeling to estimate the magnitude of the association between sex, age group, race, and deaths from despair. We found an association between mortality from despair and male sex (PR=6.15, 95%CI 6.09 – 6.22); emphasis on the age groups from 40 to 49 years old (PR=2.45, 95% CI 2.41 – 2.48) and 50 to 59 years old (PR=2.39, 95% CI 2.36 – 2.43); and brown (PR=1.21, 95% CI 1.20 – 1.22) and black race (PR=1.36, 95% CI 1.34 – 1.37). The present study preliminarily presents the effect of the economic crisis and mortality in the population, with demographic differences. Association with race was opposite to that verified in the original study in US, which suggests that this variable should be analyzed in the light of structural context.
Effects of Humic acid fertilizers on arsenic and mercury speciation and enzyme activities in soil
Authors: Wang Lanjun , Zhang Yutai , Xu Chonglin , Dong Qun , Lv Yuzhen , Wang Mingxia , Su Xin , Jiang Hao , Xu Yuxin , Sun Fengxia , Yin Xiting , Zhai Rukang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Arsenic (As) and mercury (Hg) pollution in soils pose a serious threat to the ecological environment and human health. Humic acid is often used for soil improvement and remediation due to its large number of active groups, but how humic acid fertilizers affect the behavior of As and Hg in soils remains to be clarified. Therefore, the effects of ammonium fulvic acid and sodium humate on the speciation of As and Hg in soil and their migration to plants, as well as the enzyme activity in As- and Hg-contaminated soil were studied. The results showed that all concentrations of ammonium fulvic acid decreased the content of the residual fraction As, but increased the the content of specifically sorbed fraction and oxide bound fraction As in the soil. So the passivation effect of ammonium fulvic acid on As in soil was not obvious. Sodium humate promoted the transformation of As in the soil to a more stable residual fraction state. Both ammonium fulvic acid and sodium humate increased the content of the organic bound fraction and the residual fraction Hg in the soil, that is, both humic acid fertilizers promoted the transformation of Hg in the soil to a more stable form. In the As and Hg polluted soil, the application of ammonium fulvic acid had no significant effect on the content of As and Hg in the shoot of pakchoi, but the application of sodium humate could reduce the content of As and Hg in the shoot of pakchoi. The activities of urease, alkaline phosphatase and sucrase in As and Hg polluted soil was increased by ammonium fulvic acid and sodium humate, and the enzyme activities were higher than those in the control group under different fertilizer additions.