bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Observations of pores and surrounding regions with CO 4.66 μm lines by BBSO/CYRA
Authors: Song Yongliang , Bai Xianyong , Yang Xu , Cao Wenda , Uitenbroek Han , Deng Yuanyong , Li Xin , Yang Xiao , Zhang Mei 
Published: November 2022

Context.Solar observations of carbon monoxide (CO) indicate the existence of lower-temperature gas in the lower solar chromosphere. We present an observation of pores, and quiet-Sun, and network magnetic field regions with CO 4.66 μm lines by the Cryogenic Infrared Spectrograph (CYRA) at Big Bear Solar Observatory.Aims.We used the strong CO lines at around 4.66 μm to understand the properties of the thermal structures of lower solar atmosphere in different solar features with various magnetic field strengths.Methods.Different observations with different instruments were included: CO 4.66 μm imaging spectroscopy by CYRA, Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) 1700 Å images, Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) continuum images, line-of-sight (LOS) magnetograms, and vector magnetograms. The data from 3D radiation magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation with the Bifrost code are also employed for the first time to be compared with the observation. We used the Rybicki-Hummer (RH) code to synthesize the CO line profiles in the network regions.Results.The CO 3-2 R14 line center intensity changes to be either enhanced or diminished with increasing magnetic field strength, which should be caused by different heating effects in magnetic flux tubes with different sizes. We find several “cold bubbles” in the CO 3-2 R14 line center intensity images, which can be classified into two types. One type is located in the quiet-Sun regions without magnetic fields. The other type, which has rarely been reported in the past, is near or surrounded by magnetic fields. Notably, some are located at the edge of the magnetic network. The two kinds of cold bubbles and the relationship between cold bubble intensities and network magnetic field strength are both reproduced by the 3D MHD simulation with the Bifrost and RH codes. The simulation also shows that there is a cold plasma blob near the network magnetic fields, causing the observed cold bubbles seen in the CO 3-2 R14 line center image.Conclusions.Our observation and simulation illustrate that the magnetic field plays a vital role in the generation of some CO cold bubbles.
Unveiling a new extragalactic structure hidden by the Milky Way
Authors: Galdeano Daniela , Ferrero Gabriel A. , Coldwell Georgina , Duplancic Fernanda , Alonso Sol , Riffel Rogerio , Minniti Dante 
Published: November 2022

Context. The zone of avoidance (ZoA) does not allow for clear optical observations of extragalactic sources behind the Milky Way due to the meaningful extinction of the optical emission of these objects. Observations in near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths represent a potential source of astronomical discoveries that support the detection of new galaxies and potentially complete the picture of the large-scale structures in this as-yet poorly explored area of the sky.
Aims. Our aim is to decipher the nature of the overdensity located behind the Milky Way in tile b204 of the VISTA Variables in Vía Láctea (VVV) survey.
Methods. We studied an area of six arcmin around a galaxy concentration located at l = 354.82° and b = −9.81°. We selected five galaxies, taking into account the source distribution on the sky to optimise the requested time for the observations, and we obtained the spectra with Flamingos 2 long-slit spectrograph at Gemini South 8.1-meter telescope. To identify and characterise the absorption features, we fit the galaxies underlying spectrum using the STARLIGHT code together with the IRTF stellar library. In addition, the spectroscopic findings are reinforced using complementary photometric techniques such as red-sequence and photometric redshift estimation.
Results. The mean spectroscopic redshift estimated from the NIR spectra is z = 0.225 ± 0.014. This value presents a good agreement with that obtained from photometric analysis, photoz = 0.21 ± 0.08, and the probability distribution function of the galaxies in the studied region. Also, the red-sequence slope is consistent with the one expected for NIR observations of galaxy clusters.
Conclusions. The redshifts obtained from both, photometric and spectroscopic techniques are in good agreement, allowing for the confirmation of the nature of this structure at z = 0.225 ± 0.014, thereby unveiling a new galaxy cluster, VVVGCl-B J181435-381432, behind the Milky Way bulge.
Einsatz von Thrombopoetin-Rezeptor-Agonisten (TPO-RA) vor invasiven Eingriffen bei Patienten mit Leberzirrhose
Authors: Mücke Marcus M. , Bruns Tony , Canbay Ali , Matzdorff Axel , Tacke Frank , Tiede Andreas , Trebicka Jonel , Wedemeyer Heiner , Zacharowski Kai , Zeuzem Stefan , Lange Christian M. 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungFortgeschrittene chronische Lebererkrankungen gehen mit teils ausgeprägten Veränderungen des korpuskulären und plasmatischen Gerinnungssystems einher. Laborchemisch imponiert oft eine Thrombopenie, weswegen in der klinischen Praxis bei Patienten mit Leberzirrhose und Thrombopenie vor invasiven Eingriffen häufig Thrombozytentransfusionen erfolgen, um das Risiko für Blutungskomplikationen zu reduzieren. Diese sind jedoch ihrerseits mit relevanten Risiken und Kosten verbunden, weswegen Maßnahmen zur Einsparung von Thrombozytentransfusion(en) einen hohen klinischen Stellenwert haben. In diesem Zusammenhang ist es vor allem wichtig, sorgfältig zu prüfen, ob eine Anhebung der Thrombozytenzahlen vor invasiven Eingriffen überhaupt erforderlich ist. Neuerdings stehen zudem mit Avatrombopag und Lusutrombopag 2 gut verträgliche Thrombopoetin-Rezeptor-Agonisten (TPO-RA) zur Behandlung der Thrombopenie von Patienten mit Leberzirrhose, die sich einem invasiven Eingriff unterziehen müssen, zur Verfügung. Diese Übersicht soll eine konkrete Entscheidungshilfe geben, ob eine präinterventionelle Anhebung der Thrombozyten erforderlich ist und in welchen Konstellationen der Einsatz von TPO-RA sinnvoll sein kann.
Selectivity: A Goal for Synthetic Economy
Authors: Kotha Sambasivarao , Ansari Saima , Gupta Naveen Kumar 
Published: November 2022

AbstractChemical reactivity plays a major role in understanding several aspects of selectivity. Therefore, in this account, we present a plethora of reactions that demonstrate our efforts in exploiting interesting cases of selectivity over the past three decades. Among them, chemoselectivity, regioselectivity and stereoselectivity are discussed. Strain, steric factors, and separation of the reacting functionalities are revealed as prominent features in generating selectivity.1 Introduction2 Chemoselectivity3 Regioselectivity4 Diastereoselectivity5 Substrate-Based Selectivity6 Reagent-Based Selectivity7 Steric-Volume-Induced Selectivity8 Role of Temperature and Reaction Time in Achieving Selectivity9 Role of the Catalyst in Observing Selectivity10 Separation as a Parameter for Selectivity11 pK
a (Acidity of the Active Methylene Component)12 Sequence as a Tool for Selectivity13 Strain of the Ring System14 Examples of Miscellaneous Selectivity15 Conclusions
12-week Brisk Walking Improved Chronotropic Response in Hypertensive
Patients
Authors: Wu Tong , Yan Yan , Luo Yong , Wang Zhengzhen , Wang Yan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe investigated the effects of 12-week brisk walking on chronotropic response in
hypertensive patients aged 40–69. 77 participants in exercise group
underwent 12-week brisk walking, while 66 participants in control group received
health education. Chronotropic parameters, resting blood pressure, and physical
fitness including peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) were measured.
After 12 weeks, the systolic blood pressure (SBP) was decreased
(−6.104 mmHg, 95%CI −8.913 to
−3.295 mmHg, P<0.0001), while metabolic chronotropic
relationship (MCR) slope and VO2peak were increased (0.073,
95%CI 0.001 to 0.145, P=0.046;
1.756 mL/kg/min, 95%CI 0.891 to
2.622 mL/kg/min, P<0.0001) in exercise group
compared to baseline. The chronotropic response index (CRI) at
25–75 W load were decreased (−0.210, 95%CI
−0.307 to −0.112, P<0.0001; −0.144,
95%CI − 0.204 to −0.083, P<0.0001;
−0.078, 95%CI −0.135 to −0.022, P=0.007)
in control group after 12 weeks. The relative changes (%Δ) of
systolic and diastolic blood pressure were negatively correlated with
%ΔVO2peak (r=−0.233,
r=−0.187), while %ΔMCR and %ΔCRI
at 50–75 W load were positively correlated with
%ΔVO2peak after 12 weeks (r=0.330,
r=0.282, r =0.370). %ΔSBP was also
positively correlated with %ΔMCR (r =−0.213). In
conclusion, 12-week brisk walking reduced SBP by improving chronotropic response
in hypertensive patients aged 40–69. The enhanced chronotropic response
was associated with enhanced cardiorespiratory fitness.
Food intolerance in patients with functional abdominal pain: Evaluation through endoscopic confocal laser endomicroscopy
Authors: Gjini Besmir , Melchior Ilka , Euler Philipp , Kreysel Christian , Kalde Sigrid , Krummen Britta , Kiesslich Ralf , Hemmerlein Bernhard , Frieling Thomas 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims Gastrointestinal symptoms assumed to be caused by food intolerance are reported frequently in the general population. There is a significant difference between self-reported and objective proven food intolerance, as shown by placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trials. This discrepancy may be overcome by endoscopic confocal laser endomicroscopy (eCLE).
Patients and methods In an observational study we evaluated 34 patients with functional abdominal pain and adverse reaction to food by eCLE and local duodenal food challenge for the first time. Spontaneous and food-induced transfer of fluorescein into the duodenal lumen was detected 10 minutes after intravenously application of fluorescein and 10 minutes after duodenal food challenge (DFC).
Results Of the patients, 67.6 % responded with a fluorescein leakage into the duodenal lumen. Frequency rank order of food antigens that induced a response were soy (50 %), wheat (46.1 %), milk (20 %), egg (12 %), and yeast (11.5 %), respectively. Of the patients, 23.5 % showed spontaneous leakage of fluorescein, suggesting leaky gut syndrome. Histology of duodenal biopsies and mast cell function were normal. Overall, 69.5 % of patients improved with food exclusion therapy and 13 % were symptom-free according to eCLE.
Conclusions The results of our study indicate that eCLE is a clinically useful tool to evaluate patients with functional abdominal pain and adverse reaction to food and to create individualized dietary therapy with clinical benefit for patients.
Prospective study on the efficacy of endoscopic through-the-scope tack and suture system for gastric peroral endoscopic myotomy mucosal incision site closure
Authors: Khan Hafiz M. , Brar Tony S. , Hasan Muhammad K. , Kadkhodayan Kambiz , Arain Mustafa A. , Hayat Maham , Farooq Aimen , Singh Gurdeep , Yang Dennis 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims Mucosal closure after gastric per-oral endoscopic myotomy (G-POEM) can be difficult due to the thick gastric mucosa. We evaluated the use of a novel through-the-scope (TTS) suture system for G-POEM mucosotomy closure.
Patients and methods This was a single-center prospective study on consecutive patients who underwent G-POEM with TTS suture closure between February 2022 and August 2022. Technical success was defined as complete mucosotomy closure with TTS suture alone. On subgroup analysis, we compared performance on TTS suturing between the advanced endoscopist and the advanced endoscopy fellow (AEF) under supervision.
Results Thirty-six consecutive patients (median age 60 years, interquartile range [IQR] 48.5–67], 72 % women) underwent G-POEM with TTS suture of the mucosotomy. Median mucosal incision length was 2 cm (IQR: 2–2.5). Mean mucosal closure and total procedure time were 17.5 ± 10.8 and 48.4 ± 16.8 minutes, respectively. Technical success was achieved in 24 patients (66.7 %) and 100 % of the cases were adequately closed with a combination of TTS suture and clips. When compared to the advanced endoscopist, the AEF required > 1 TTS suture system for complete closure significantly more frequently (66.7 % vs. 8.3 %, P = 0.009) and more time for mucosal closure (20.4 ± 12.1 vs. 11.9 ± 4.9 minutes, P = 0.03).
Conclusions TTS suturing is effective and safe for G-POEM mucosal incision closure. With experience, technical success is high, and most closures may be achieved using a single TTS suture system alone, which has important cost and time implications. Additional comparative trials with other closure devices are need1ed.
Comparing Outcomes in Transcatheter Embolization for the Management of Penetrating versus Blunt Trauma
Authors: Wahood Waseem , Badar Wali , Funaki Brian , Leef Jeffrey A. , Ahmed Osman 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objectives This article assesses potential factors associated with successful embolization and/or mortality benefit among patients with penetrating (PT) compared to those with blunt abdominal trauma (BT) undergoing emergent angiography.
Materials and Methods A retrospective study of arterial embolization for BT and PT at a tertiary care academic center in an urban setting between 2018 and 2020 was conducted. Fischer's exact and Student's t-tests were used to assess differences between PT and BT, regarding technical success, in-hospital mortality, number of vessels embolized, and requirement of Operating Room (OR) for bleeding control after embolization.
Results Forty-three patients underwent embolization. Twenty-three presented with BT versus 20 with PT. There was no difference in the rate of success between the two groups (91.3% vs. 100%; p = 0.49). No difference was observed in mean days of survival among BT and PT patients treated by embolization (mean [standard deviation]: 13.7 [2.6] vs. 19.1 [2.79] days; p = 0.160). There was no difference in mortality between the two groups (13.0% vs. 10.5%; p = 1.00). Mean number of vessels embolized was higher in the BT group compared to PT (2.26 [1.32] vs. 1.44 [1.03], p = 0.044). The rate of BT patients who required subsequent OR intervention for hemorrhage control after embolization was similar to those with PT (8.7% vs. 10.5%; p = 0.84).
Conclusion The rate of mortality, technical success, and requirement of subsequent OR intervention for hemorrhage control was comparable between BT and PT. BT was associated with a higher mean number of vessels embolized compared to PT. Our case series may provide insight in the use of embolization for PT, but further investigation is needed with larger cohorts.
National role conceptions and populist parties in Europe between heterogeneity and convergence
Authors: de Perini Pietro 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDrawing from the National Role Conceptions (NRCs) framework, this paper seeks to assess whether, beneath the ideological, structural or discursive differences exposed in the literature, a pattern of convergence among the foreign policies of populist parties in Europe can be identified in how these conceive the orientation and tasks that their countries should follow in the international system. Comparing the NRCs which emerge from the foreign policy discourse of three populist parties of diverse persuasions—Front National/Rassemblement Nationalin France,Movimento 5 Stellein Italy,Podemosin Spain—the paper argues that these parties share the underlying conception of a decisively pro-active, transformative and value-based role for their countries in both European and global perspectives, which the different articulations of the people/other dichotomy in their foreign policy discourse affect and differentiate in terms of goals and preferences..
Resistance of young working-class women in Swiss activation labour market programmes
Authors: Nada Eva 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Recent studies on active labour-market programmes have shown that welfare beneficiaries exercise agency to resist normative expectations and institutional demands leading to low-paid jobs. This study examines young native and immigrant working-class women’s resistance to labour-market activation policies in French-speaking Switzerland. Using ethnographic data from two activation programmes and interviews with young unemployed women, the results show that the gendered organisation of the programmes contributes to making women and their work invisible. The young native women use their invisibility strategically to develop discreet resistance and fight for their respectability. Immigrant women are more compliant but exercise forms of political agency for emancipation. Using the approach of particularistic resistance, we show that resistance within welfare institutions is not only a way to express individual dissatisfaction but also a form of agency and individual political action. Future studies should examine welfare beneficiaries’ agency in navigating and resisting welfare policies.
Final report on GULFMET supplementary comparison of high current transformer measuring systems (GULFMET.EM-S7)
Authors: Velychko O , Kikalo V , Cayci H , Ayhan B , Qoud Saad Bin 
Published: November 2022

Main text
A comparison of high current transformer measuring systems between SE "Ukrmetrteststandard" (Ukraine), TÜBİTAK (Turkey) and NMCC SASO (Saudi Arabia), conducted between December 2020 and December 2021. Current transformer СА535/2 is used as the traveling standard and SE "Ukrmetrteststandard" acted as the pilot laboratory. Measurements were performed at a current from 5 A to 4000 A at frequencies 50 Hz and 60 Hz.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCEM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Influence of discharge polarity on streamer breakdown criterion of ambient air in a non-uniform electric field
Authors: Iqbal Asif , Wozniak Daniel , Rahman Md Ziaur , Banerjee Sneha , Verboncoeur John , Zhang Peng , Jiang Chunqi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Streamer breakdown of atmospheric air with non-uniform dc electric field in a needle-to-plate electrode configuration is studied using a semi-analytic model and experimental measurements. A high voltage (either positive or negative) is applied to a hollow needle with

0.51

mm

outer diameter and

0.25

mm

inner diameter separated from a planar ground electrode by a gap distance of 0.1–1.4 cm. Breakdown voltages are recorded for both positive and negative discharge polarities. Empirical relations between the critical avalanche size for streamer breakdown and the gap distance are proposed. Using these empirical relations, a semi-analytic model based on Meek’s criterion for streamer breakdown is developed to accurately predict the measured breakdown voltages. It is found that for

p
d
>
380

Torr

cm

(or d

>

0.5 cm at one atmosphere) streamer breakdown of ambient air occurs at a lower applied voltage for a positively biased needle compared to that with a negatively biased needle, referred as the polarity effect. For

p
d
<
380

Torr

cm

breakdown is attained at a lower applied voltage with a negatively biased needle compared to that with a positively biased needle, and breakdown mode transits from the polarity effect to the so called inverted polarity effect.
Scanning x-ray excited optical luminescence of heterogeneity in halide perovskite alloys
Authors: Dolan Connor J , Cakan Deniz N , Kumar Rishi E , Kodur Moses , Palmer Jack R , Luo Yanqi , Lai Barry , Fenning David P 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Understanding the optoelectronic properties of optically active materials at the nanoscale often proves challenging due to the diffraction-limited resolution of visible light probes and the dose sensitivity of many optically active materials to high-energy electron probes. In this study, we demonstrate correlative synchrotron-based scanning x-ray excited optical luminescence (XEOL) and x-ray fluorescence (XRF) to simultaneously probe local composition and optoelectronic properties of halide perovskite thin films of interest for photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices. We find that perovskite XEOL stability, emission redshifting, and peak broadening under hard x-ray irradiation correlates with trends seen in photoluminescence measurements under continuous visible light laser irradiation. The XEOL stability is sufficient under the intense x-ray probe irradiation to permit proof-of-concept correlative mapping. Typical synchrotron XRF and nano-diffraction measurements use acquisition times 10–100x shorter than the 5-second acquisition employed for XEOL scans in this study, suggesting that improving luminescence detection should allow correlative XEOL measurements to be performed successfully with minimal material degradation. Analysis of the XEOL emission from the quartz substrate beneath the perovskite reveals its promise for use as a real-time in-situ x-ray dosimeter, which could provide quantitative metrics for future optimization of XEOL data collection for perovskites and other beam-sensitive materials. Overall, the data suggest that XEOL represents a promising route towards improved resolution in the characterization of nanoscale heterogeneities and defects in optically active materials that may be implemented into x-ray nanoprobes to complement existing x-ray modalities.
Theoretical study on the electronic properties of different types of the donor:acceptor complexes
Authors: Wang Lilong , Wang Haiyan , Li Junhui , Zhang Haitao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Non-fullerene organic solar cells can be classified into four forms in line with the different types of donor (D) and acceptor (A) in the active layer: all-polymer (PD:PA), polymer D:small-molecule A (PD:MA), small-molecule D:polymer A (MD:PA), and all-small-molecule (MD:MA). On the basis of having studied the electronic properties of a large number of related monomer molecules and D:A complexes, this work constructed four groups of D:A molecular pairs as described above as examples to investigate their electronic properties with first-principles density functional theory. The results show that the absolute value of the average binding energy of the PD:PA complex D18:P(NDI2HD-T) is larger than others, indicating the structure is relatively more stable. In accordance of the Bader charge analysis, the intra-molecular charge transfer of small-molecule is greater than polymers. For these blends, the intermolecular charge transfer of the all-polymer pair D18:P(NDI2HD-T) is larger, revealing that the PD:PA pair may result in a stronger intermolecular dipole electric field, which is beneficial to facilitate the separation of excitons. In addition, the MD:MA pair DRTB-T:FDICTF-2Cl and the PD:MA complex D18:FDICTF-2Cl all exhibit a larger amount of intra-molecular charge transfer, which indicates that the small-molecule acceptors in D:A complexes are conducive to promoting intra-molecular charge transfer.