bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluate the sustainable marketing strategy to optimal online leasing of new energy vehicles under the background big data economy
Authors: Daifen Tang 
Published: January 2022

PurposeUnder the big data background, there are many influencing factors for investors of new energy vehicles (NEV), and government subsidies promote the sustainable development of the new energy vehicle industry. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to provide solutions for the sustainable development of NEV.Design/methodology/approachThe sustainable marketing strategy of NEV in China is put forward. This paper first analyzes the subsidy policy effect of NEV under the background of big data. It then establishes the online optimal leasing strategy under multiple strategy choices and the online leasing strategy of multiple vehicles under the inflation market.FindingsWith the fixed cost of NEV in each lease period, the optimal competition ratio of online decision-makers will continue to decrease with the increase of the difference between prepaid funds and government subsidies. In the decision-making of renting and purchasing multiple vehicles, the general strategy competition ratio is 2.922, while the optimal competition ratio of the online renting and purchasing strategy proposed by the research is 2.723.Research limitations/implicationsThe research is limited by the limited data and information collected, so the optimal decision-making model has some limitations. The authors need to find more representative data to optimize the model.Practical implicationsAs an emerging industry, NEV have developed rapidly in recent years. Based on the online algorithm and competitive ratio theory, this paper solves the decision-making problem of operators and gives the optimal strategy to promote the green development of the new energy vehicle industry.Originality/valueThis paper proposes the optimal strategy for online investors of new energy vehicle operators by combining online algorithm and competitive ratio theory. The numerical analysis results of the optimal online model under multi strategy selection show that with the same difference between prepaid funds and government subsidies, the time point will be delayed and the time point will be advanced as the cost of leasing NEV in each period increases.
Fetal and maternal outcomes after maternal biologic use during conception and pregnancy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: O'Byrne Laura J. , Alqatari Safi G. , Maher Gillian M. , O'Sullivan Aoife M. , Khashan Ali S. , Murphy Grainne P. , McCarthy Fergus P. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundBiologic medications, specifically tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) inhibitors, have become increasingly prevalent in the treatment of chronic inflammatory disease (CID) in pregnancy.ObjectiveTo determine pregnancy outcomes in women with CID exposed to biologics during pregnancy.Search strategyPubMed and EMBASE databases were searched through January 1998–July 2021.Selection criteriaPeer‐reviewed, English‐language cohort, case–control, cross‐sectional studies, and case series that contained original data.Data collection and analysisTwo authors independently conducted data extraction. A meta‐analysis of proportions using a random‐effects model was used to pool outcomes. Linear regression analysis was used to compare the mean of proportions of outcomes across exposure groups using the ‘treated’ group as the reference category. All studies were evaluated using an appropriate quality assessment tool. The GRADE approach was used to assess the overall certainty of evidence.Main resultsThirty‐five studies, describing 11 172 pregnancies, were eligible for inclusion. Analysis showed pooled proportions for congenital malformations as follows: treated 0.04 (95% CI 0.03–0.04; I2 = 77) versus disease‐matched 0.04 (95% CI 0.03–0.05. I2 = 86; p = 0.238); preterm delivery treated 0.04 (95% CI 0.10–0.14; I2 = 88) versus disease‐matched 0.10 (95% CI 0.09–0.12; I2 = 87; p = 0.250); severe neonatal infection: treated 0.05 (95% CI 0.03–0.07; I2 = 88) versus disease‐matched 0.05 (95% CI 0.02–0.07; I2 = 94; p = 0.970); low birthweight: treated 0.10 (95% CI 0.07–0.12; I2 = 93) versus disease‐matched 0.08 (95% CI 0.07–0.09; I2 = 0; p = 0.241); pooled miscarriage: treated 0.13 (95% CI 0.10–0.15; I2 = 77) versus disease‐matched 0.08 (95% CI 0.04–0.11; I2 = 5; p = 0.078); pre‐eclampsia; treated 0.01 (95% CI 0.01–0.02; I2 = 0) versus disease‐matched 0.01 (95% CI 0.00–0.01; I2 = 0; p = 0.193). No statistical differences in proportions were observed. GRADE certainty of findings was low to very low.ConclusionWe demonstrated comparable pregnancy outcomes in pregnancies exposed to biologics, disease‐matched controls and CID‐free pregnancies using the GRADE approach.
Successful immune checkpoint inhibitor‐based rechallenge in a patient with advanced esophageal squamous cell cancer: A case report
Authors: Yao Yanhong , Liu Zhentao , Li Qian , Cao Baoshan , Wang Mopei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been shown to improve survival in patients with advanced or metastatic esophageal cancer. However, ICI‐based rechallenges after recovery from fatal adverse events (AEs) are equivocal, especially in patients who have already undergone treatment‐related AEs. In this study, we report the case of a patient with advanced esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) who developed a treatment‐related tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) after two cycles of ICI administration, provided in combination with traditional chemotherapeutics. After spontaneous healing of the TEF, the patient was again treated with ICIs and achieved a durable clinical response without any signs of fistula recurrence. Successful ICI‐based rechallenges after fistula healing have rarely been reported. Therefore, ICI‐based rechallenge in patients with esophageal cancer having an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) 0–1 after serious AEs may serve as a clinically viable treatment strategy that should be administered under close monitoring.
Extended chemothromboprophylaxis use in colorectal cancer surgery: a literature review
Authors: Chakraborty Priyanka , Jacob Abraham 
Published: January 2022

AbstractVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is a potentially fatal condition associated with chronic morbidity. Patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery have an especially high rate of VTE postoperatively. This risk continues to be elevated for up to 3 months after discharge, hence arises the question of extended thromboprophylaxis (ETP). The objective of this literature review is to summarize the current literature on ETP post colorectal cancer surgery. The results of five randomized controlled trials (RCT), several meta‐analysis and five major guidelines are outlined and examined. The literature overwhelmingly supports the use of ETP in colorectal cancer surgery. The key limitation of the evidence base is the use of objective tests to diagnose VTE which also detect asymptomatic events. However, this surrogate marker has been reliably shown to correlate with symptomatic VTE. In other high‐risk populations such as orthopaedic patients, similar research has led to the use of routinely prescribed ETP. There is evidence now that the use of ETP is cost‐effective in reducing morbidity and mortality from VTE in colorectal cancer patients. However, despite strong evidence on the benefits of ETP in colorectal cancer surgery, it is not yet a routine clinical practice. Future research is required to determine the optimal duration of chemothromboprophylaxis in different subgroups within colorectal cancer patients such as patients with rectal cancer only or those undergoing minimally invasive surgery.
The Existential Threat of Urban Social Extractivism: Urban Revival and the Extinction Crisis in the European South
Authors: Rossi Ugo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis article applies the notion of existential threat to urban societies endangered by the unrestrained expansion of urbanised extractivist capitalism. It does so for purposes of urban activism and action‐oriented research, because of the sense of urgency this notion conveys. Conceptually drawing on Hardt and Negri’s theorisation of the anthropogenic foundations of extractivist capitalism, the article exposes how variegated processes of economic‐value extraction lead to de‐urbanising dynamics, particularly in urban areas located at the margin of global capitalism that are more exposed to its predatory mechanisms, such as Belgrade and Naples in the European South. In the empirical part, drawing inspiration from Georges Didi‐Huberman, the article looks at “last dwellers” as allegories of residualised urban societies facing an extinction crisis. “Last dwellers” are highly vulnerable city inhabitants being displaced from overexploited urban areas, but at the same time capable of giving rise to an embryonic politics of survival.摘要本文引入生存威胁的概念, 以研究那些因为采掘资本主义模式主导下的城市无序扩张而受到威胁的城市社会。该概念服务城市行动主义以及行动导向性的研究，传递了一种行动为导向的紧迫感。本文借鉴哈特 (Hardt) 和奈格里 (Negri) 关于采掘资本主义下人类行为本质的理论，揭示多样化的经济价值提取过程如何引致去城市化。这种经济掠夺机制的影响在位于全球资本主义边缘的城市地区，例如被归入’欧洲南部’的贝尔格莱德和那不勒斯，尤为显著。在实证方面，本文受乔治·迪迪胡伯曼 (Georges Didi‐Huberman) 启发，借用 ‘最后的居民’作为濒临灭亡的残余城市社会群体的一个缩影。 ‘最后的居民’由高度脆弱的城市居民构成，他们在城市过度开发中被驱散，并且在寻找新家园的过程中孕育另一种生存政治。
Pustular psoriasis following treatment for multiple sclerosis
Authors: Couper Catriona , Shaffrali Freida 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe describe the case and treatment of a patient with multiple sclerosis who developed pustular psoriasis following treatment with teriflunomide. There are two other cases of pustular psoriasis induced by teriflunomide in the literature, and in cases where patients are not responding to conventional treatment, accelerated elimination therapy should be considered.
Identifying key federal, state, and private lands strategies for achieving 30 × 30 in the United States
Authors: Dreiss Lindsay M. , Malcom Jacob W. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAchieving ambitious goals to conserve at least 30% of U.S. lands and waters by 2030 (“30 × 30”) will require a multiscale baseline understanding of current protections, key decisionmakers, and policy tools for moving forward. To help conservationists and decisionmakers support the science‐based call to address the biodiversity and climate crises, we analyze the current spatial patterns of biodiversity and carbon in the United States relative to protected areas and present a typology for classifying land contributions toward the 30 × 30 goals. Analyses demonstrate that 30% is achievable nationally, but spatial heterogeneity highlights the need for tailored approaches from a mix of authorities at federal, regional, and state scales. Current land protections rarely overlap with areas essential for conserving imperiled species biodiversity and mitigating climate change. One‐fifth of unprotected biodiversity hotspots and over 8% carbon‐rich areas face a higher risk of land conversion by 2050. In contrast, 3.6% of key biodiversity areas and 15.6% of carbon‐rich areas may experience higher climate exposure. Policy considerations for making practical, substantive progress toward ecologically meaningful achievement of 30 × 30 goal include the need for significant investments in public and private lands conservation.
Observing diatom diversity and community composition along environmental gradients in subarctic mountain ponds
Authors: Heikkinen Janne M. , Aalto Juha , Rantamäki Olli , Ruikkala Toni , Soininen Janne , Pajunen Virpi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Cold subarctic pond ecosystems will be threatened due to the increase in global temperatures. Therefore, it is important to gain more knowledge on how their biota may respond to global warming. The aim of this research was to illustrate the variability in diatom species richness and community composition along environmental gradients in northernmost Finland and Norway and reveal the variables most strongly associated with diatom biodiversity. We also compared diatom biodiversity among different biotope types and placed emphasis on the distribution of rare diatom taxa.

A total of 100 subarctic ponds from the Finnish and Norwegian Lapland covering an elevational gradient of 8–887 m above sea level were sampled. A generalised linear model and hierarchical partitioning were used to identify variables associated with diatom species richness. To identify variables associated with diatom community composition, a non‐metric multidimensional scaling ordination was performed. Finally, a principal component analysis and permutational multivariate analysis of variance were used for the investigation of environmental and biotic differences among biotope types.

Water pH, aluminium concentration, and air temperature best explained the variation in species richness and community composition. Diatom species richness and community composition did not differ among the biotope types, but environmental variables in pine forests differed significantly from other biotope types. Many diatom species occupied the entire elevational gradient, while rare taxa seemed to appear at the ends of the elevational gradient as well around the mid‐elevational zone.

We found that elevation was not sufficient to explain the variation in diatom species richness and community composition, but diatom biodiversity was shaped by a variety of local‐scale environmental variables, some of which are in turn correlated with elevation. Our findings suggest that local abiotic factors and especially water chemistry are important factors in describing the variability in diatom community composition and species richness in subarctic ponds. It seems that the lowest and the highest elevations provide suitable habitats for rare diatom taxa that have unique environmental preferences but some of the rare taxa were also constrained to mid elevations.

Our study provides new insights into the role of local abiotic variables in shaping subarctic mountain pond biodiversity. We urge researchers not only to study elevational gradients per se in mountain areas, but also pay special attention to environmental covariates that may play a notable role in maintaining freshwater biodiversity in the subarctic.
Growth of microaerophilic Fe(II)‐oxidizing bacteria using Fe(II) produced by Fe(III) photoreduction
Authors: Lueder Ulf , Maisch Markus , Jørgensen Bo Barker , Druschel Gregory , Schmidt Caroline , Kappler Andreas 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIron(II) (Fe(II)) can be formed by abiotic Fe(III) photoreduction, particularly when Fe(III) is organically complexed. Light‐influenced environments often overlap or even coincide with oxic or microoxic geochemical conditions, for example, in sediments. So far, it is unknown whether microaerophilic Fe(II)‐oxidizing bacteria are able to use the Fe(II) produced by Fe(III) photoreduction as electron donor. Here, we present an adaption of the established agar‐stabilized gradient tube approach in comparison with liquid cultures for the cultivation of microaerophilic Fe(II)‐oxidizing microorganisms by using a ferrihydrite‐citrate mixture undergoing Fe(III) photoreduction as Fe(II) source. We quantified oxygen and Fe(II) gradients with amperometric and voltammetric microelectrodes and evaluated microbial growth by qPCR of 16S rRNA genes. We showed that gradients of dissolved Fe(II) (maximum Fe(II) concentration of 1.25 mM) formed in the gradient tubes when incubated in blue or UV light (400–530 nm or 350–400 nm). Various microaerophilic Fe(II)‐oxidizing bacteria (Curvibacter sp. and Gallionella sp.) grew by oxidizing Fe(II) that was produced in situ by Fe(III) photoreduction. Best growth for these species, based on highest gene copy numbers, was observed in incubations using UV light in both liquid culture and gradient tubes containing 8 mM ferrihydrite‐citrate mixtures (1:1), due to continuous light‐induced Fe(II) formation. Microaerophilic Fe(II)‐oxidizing bacteria contributed up to 40% to the overall Fe(II) oxidation within 24 h of incubation in UV light. Our results highlight the potential importance of Fe(III) photoreduction as a source of Fe(II) for Fe(II)‐oxidizing bacteria by providing Fe(II) in illuminated environments, even under microoxic conditions.
Efficacy of emicizumab in von Willebrand disease (VWD) patients with and without alloantibodies to von Willebrand factor (VWF): Report of two cases and review of literature
Authors: Shanmukhaiah Chandrakala , Jijina Farah , Kannan S , Pai Nanda G , Kulkarni Bipin , Khuba Santosh V , Shaikh Madiha , Joshi Aditi , Phatale Rajesh , Apte Shashikant 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionvon Willebrand disease (VWD) is the common bleeding disorder with a clinically relevant bleeding prevalence of 1:10,000. von Willebrand disease patients lack both von Willebrand factor (VWF) and factor VIII (FVIII), which are critical for normal haemostasis. The conventional treatment for VWD includes desmopressin and replacement therapy with plasma derived FVIII with VWF concentrates or recombinant VWF. Development of alloantibodies is a rare occurrence, there is a paucity in the literature of treatment modalities in these patients. Not many reports are available in literature on the efficacy of emicizumab in VWD patients with or without alloantibodies to VWF.AimTo do systematic review of literature on emicizumab in VWD and report our experience of emicizumab in two patients of VWDMethodsWe used electronic search engines till May 2021 in ‘Google scholar’ and ‘PubMed’, to collect the case reports or case series on use of emicizumab for management of VWD. Two of our severe VWD patients were successfully treated with emicizumab. A systematic review was performed and the results discussed.ResultsThe electronic search revealed six case reports using emicizumab for treatment of VWD. Two were in vitro studies and four in patients with VWD type 3 disease. In vitro studies and in VWD patients on emicizumab, showed improvement in thrombin generation and fibrin formation. Among four patients, three had alloantibodies to VWD and one was negative. All these patients were treated with emicizumab for 6–12 m. After starting emicizumab, none of them had spontaneous bleeding requiring treatment. During treatment with emicizumab, one patient had trauma‐associated soft tissue hematoma, which was treated with rFVIIa and another patient had bleeding following dental exfoliation treated with Humate P. We treated two of our VWD patients one with and one without inhibitors with emicizumab after failure of other therapies. Both the patients showed marked improvement and continued to remain well and free of bleeding episodes. None of the patients had any thrombosis or thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) during treatment with emicizumab.ConclusionIn conclusion, this review supports the safety and efficacy of emicizumab in type 3 VWD patients with or without alloantibodies. Further large studies are required to confirm the safety and efficacy of emicizumab in VWD.
Atomistic molecular dynamics in polyethylene oxide and polymethyl methacrylate blends having significantly different glass transition temperatures
Authors: Habasaki Junko 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe highly asymmetric polymer blends, polyethylene oxide and polymethyl methacrylate systems, having extraordinary different original glass transition temperature (Tg) values, have been examined by the fully atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. We have determined densities against temperatures after establishing the conditions of models to clarify the composition‐dependent behavior of the systems. The relations show the intermediate region in addition to the Tg1 and Tg2, the high and low‐temperature Tg values, respectively. The trend found in the polymer blends is reproduced well from the weighted sum of plots for both homopolymers by assuming the additivity of local volumes. The dynamics of the polymer blend exhibited similar behavior with ionic systems but with different time scales. These results open new understandings for the physical meanings of the Tg in polymer blends and their relation with dynamics.
Exploring how international social workers perceive culturally relevant practices: A case study of Japanese social workers’ experiences in other Asian countries
Authors: Higashida Masateru 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis pilot case study, as part of an international social work research project, explored how culturally relevant collaborative practices were perceived by international social workers. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with social workers (n = 4) who had worked as Japan Overseas Cooperation Volunteers for 2 years in another Asian country. Thematic analysis was applied to their narratives. Three main themes were found: ‘socio‐cultural understanding based on local life and activities’, ‘collaborative practice with local stakeholders’ and ‘attitudes and perspectives at the local practice’. Although the background and context of the interviewees’ activities differed, they stressed the importance of deepening their socio‐cultural understanding, together with learning local languages and deploying appropriate communication methods, through living in each locality and interacting with local people. They also described the process of exploring the collaborative activities through dialogue with local people, while taking a reflective view. These findings indicate the necessity for a deeper examination of collaborative practice by domestic and international social workers in various fields.
Determination of hepatic clearance by derivations of the indocyanine green retention test in cirrhosis
Authors: Møller Søren , Henriksen Jens H. , Sjöstedt Sannia , Bendtsen Flemming 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackground and AimThe study was undertaken in order to compare single injection indocyanine green (ICG)‐clearances with the steady‐state ICG‐clearance (ICGCl) in patients with cirrhosis in order to assess the most accurate estimate for ICG‐clearance and to relate the ICG‐clearances to established indicators of liver dysfunction.MethodsThirty‐eight patients (male 29) with cirrhosis (Child–Turcotte class A 8, class B 21, and class C 9) were studied during a hemodynamic investigation. A single injection of ICG was followed by blood samples for 5, 10, 15, and 20 min. The dose/plasma area clearance (ClA) and plasma volume · initial slope clearance (ClPV) were determined and compared with the steady‐state infusion/plasma concentration ratio clearance (ICGCl).ResultsThe ClA (310; 214; 502 mL/min) and ClPV (294; 164; 481 mL/min) correlated closely with ICGCl (243; 120; 383 mL/min [median; interquartile range], R = 0.95–0.98, P < 0.000), but were significantly higher than ICGCl (P < 0.001). All three clearance measures correlated significantly with biochemical and hemodynamic variables of liver dysfunction (P < 0.05–0.000). All three ICG‐clearances showed significantly lower values in patients with ascites compared to those without, and lower ICG‐clearance values were present in patients with esophageal varices compared to those without (P < 0.05–0.002).ConclusionSingle injection markers (ClA and ClPV) of the steady‐state ICG‐clearance as derived from the ICG‐retention curve and the plasma volume correlate with ICGCl and established variables of portal hypertension and liver cell bile excretory dysfunction. Therefore, these markers can safely replace the more costly ICGCl.