bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review: biological engineering for nature-based climate solutions
Authors: Runkle Benjamin R. K. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNature-based Climate Solutions are landscape stewardship techniques to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase soil or biomass carbon sequestration. These mitigation approaches to climate change present an opportunity to supplement energy sector decarbonization and provide co-benefits in terms of ecosystem services and landscape productivity. The biological engineering profession must be involved in the research and implementation of these solutions—developing new tools to aid in decision-making, methods to optimize across different objectives, and new messaging frameworks to assist in prioritizing among different options. Furthermore, the biological engineering curriculum should be redesigned to reflect the needs of carbon-based landscape management. While doing so, the biological engineering community has an opportunity to embed justice, equity, diversity, and inclusion within both the classroom and the profession. Together these transformations will enhance our capacity to use sustainable landscape management as an active tool to mitigate the risks of climate change.
Barriers and Facilitators for the Implementation of Geriatric Oncology Principles in Mexico: A Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Verduzco-Aguirre Haydee C. , Bolaño Guerra Laura M. , Culakova Eva , Chargoy Javier Monroy , Martínez-Said Hector , Quintero Beulo Gregorio , Mohile Supriya G. , Soto-Perez-De-Celis Enrique 
Published: March 2022

PURPOSE There is limited information regarding the use of the geriatric assessment (GA) for older adults with cancer in developing countries. We aimed to describe geriatric oncology practice among Mexican oncology professionals and to identify barriers and facilitators for the implementation of GA into the routine care of older adults with cancer in Mexico. METHODS We conducted an explanatory sequential mixed-methods study. We administered an online survey to cancer specialists in Mexico about the routine use of GA and barriers for its use. We then conducted online semistructured interviews with survey respondents selected by their use of GA, expanding on barriers and facilitators for performing GA. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed for quantitative data; qualitative data were analyzed inductively through thematic analysis. We developed joint displays to integrate quantitative/qualitative results. RESULTS We obtained 196 survey responses: 37 physicians (18.9%) reported routinely performing a GA. Medical oncologists ( P = .002) and physicians seeing ≤ 10 patients/day ( P = .010) were more likely to use GA. The most frequent barriers for GA use were lack of qualified personnel (49%), limited knowledge (43.9%), and insufficient time (37.2%). In the interviews (n = 22), the limited availability of geriatricians was commonly mentioned. Respondents highlighted the lack of geriatric oncology knowledge among cancer specialists and geriatricians. Saturation of oncology services and a lack of effective referral pathways for GA were also common issues. Facilitators included availability of geriatricians, system/administrative facilitators, presence of a multidisciplinary team, and availability of geriatric oncology education. CONCLUSION The routine use of geriatric oncology principles in Mexico is limited by the availability of qualified personnel and by insufficient knowledge. An educational intervention could improve the implementation of GA in cancer care.
Pre-Treatment Staging Imaging in Rectal Cancer: Results From the Quality Oncology Practice Initiative
Authors: Chen Ronald C. , Garrett-Mayer Elizabeth , Kamal Arif H. , Makhoul Issam , Kozlik Mary May Priscilla , Crist Stéphanie T.S. , Chiang Anne C. ,   on behalf of the ASCO Quality Publications Task Force
Published: March 2022

PURPOSE: For patients with nonmetastatic rectal cancer, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines recommend initial staging using pelvic magnetic resonance imaging or endorectal ultrasound to determine the stage of the disease before initial therapy or surgery. This imaging workup helps determine the T and N staging, which is essential to determine optimal treatment for a patient. The current study examined practice concordance with this guideline using a quality measure in ASCO's Quality Oncology Practice Initiative (QOPI) that specifically addressed staging workup for patients with rectal cancer. METHODS: From Fall 2016 through Fall 2019, 103 QOPI-participating practices reported performance on QOPI measure Colorectal 78, which addresses staging workup for patients with rectal cancer. The percentage and 95% CI of patients who received guideline-concordant imaging were calculated for each of the seven assessment time points. Difference of concordance rates between subsequent time points and the initial time point was assessed using logistic regression with random-effects models. In addition, 69 practices that submitted data in 2016 and 2017 were surveyed to gain insight on potential reasons for nonconcordance and the results were described. RESULTS: At each time point, a total of 20-33 practices reported data across 1,158 unique patients. Adherence appeared to increase over time, with 38% of patients receiving guideline-recommended staging in Fall 2016, to 56% in Fall 2019. The practice survey revealed that nonconcordance was mostly because of lack of care coordination between oncology and surgery disciplines (n = 16 practices of 28, 57.1%) and a lack of awareness of appropriate staging scans (n = 8 practices, 28.6%). CONCLUSION: As one half to one third of patients still do not receive appropriate imaging, our findings highlight the need for concerted quality improvement efforts that involve the multidisciplinary team to close this gap.
Beta-Hydroxybutyrate Suppresses Hepatic Production of the Ghrelin Receptor Antagonist LEAP2
Authors: Holm Stephanie , Husted Anna S , Skov Louise J , Morville Thomas H , Hagemann Christoffer A , Jorsal Tina , Dall Morten , Jakobsen Alexander , Klein Anders B , Treebak Jonas T , Knop Filip K , Schwartz Thue W , Clemmensen Christoffer , Holst Birgitte 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide-2 (LEAP2) is an endogenous ghrelin receptor antagonist, which is upregulated in the fed state and downregulated during fasting. We hypothesized that the ketone body beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is involved in the downregulation of LEAP2 during conditions with high circulating levels of BHB.

Methods
Hepatic and intestinal Leap2 expression were determined in 3 groups of mice with increasing circulating levels of BHB: prolonged fasting, prolonged ketogenic diet, and oral BHB treatment. LEAP2 levels were measured in lean and obese individuals, in human individuals following endurance exercise, and in mice after BHB treatment. Lastly, we investigated Leap2 expression in isolated murine hepatocytes challenged with BHB.

Results
We confirmed increased circulating LEAP2 levels in individuals with obesity compared to lean individuals. The recovery period after endurance exercise was associated with increased plasma levels of BHB levels and decreased LEAP2 levels in humans. Leap2 expression was selectively decreased in the liver after fasting and after exposure to a ketogenic diet for 3 weeks. Importantly, we found that oral administration of BHB increased circulating levels of BHB in mice and decreased Leap2 expression levels and circulating LEAP2 plasma levels, as did Leap2 expression after direct exposure to BHB in isolated murine hepatocytes.

Conclusion
From our data, we suggest that LEAP2 is downregulated during different states of energy deprivation in both humans and rodents. Furthermore, we here provide evidence that the ketone body, BHB, which is highly upregulated during fasting metabolism, directly downregulates LEAP2 levels. This may be relevant in ghrelin receptor–induced hunger signaling during energy deprivation.
Longitudinal multimodal imaging-compatible mouse model of triazole-sensitive and -resistant invasive pulmonary aspergillosis
Authors: Resendiz-Sharpe Agustin , da Silva Roberta Peres , Geib Elena , Vanderbeke Lore , Seldeslachts Laura , Hupko Charlien , Brock Matthias , Lagrou Katrien , Vande Velde Greetje 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) caused by the mold Aspergillus fumigatus is one of the most important life-threatening infections in immunocompromised patients. The alarming increase of isolates resistant to the first-line recommended antifungal therapy urges more insights into triazole-resistant A. fumigatus infections. In this study, we systematically optimized a longitudinal multimodal imaging-compatible neutropenic mouse model of IPA. Reproducible rates of pulmonary infection were achieved through immunosuppression (sustained neutropenia) with 150 mg/kg cyclophosphamide at day −4, −1 and 2, and an orotracheal inoculation route in both sexes. Furthermore, increased sensitivity of in vivo bioluminescence imaging for fungal burden detection, as early as the day after infection, was achieved by optimizing luciferin dosing and through engineering isogenic red-shifted bioluminescent A. fumigatus strains, one wild type and two triazole-resistant mutants. We successfully tested appropriate and inappropriate antifungal treatment scenarios in vivo with our optimized multimodal imaging strategy, according to the in vitro susceptibility of our luminescent fungal strains. Therefore, we provide novel essential mouse models with sensitive imaging tools for investigating IPA development and therapy in triazole-susceptible and triazole-resistant scenarios.
The Children and Young People Quality of Life Study: A protocol for the qualitative development of attributes for capability wellbeing measures for use in health economic evaluation with children and young people
Authors: Husbands Samantha , Mitchell Paul Mark , Floredin Isabella , Peters Tim J , Kinghorn Philip , Byford Sarah , Anand Paul , Bailey Cara , Coast Joanna 
Published: March 2022

Background: Health services face difficult choices regarding how to allocate scarce health and social care resources. Economic evaluation can aid this process of decision making by allowing competing healthcare interventions or services to be compared in terms of their costs and consequences. However, existing use of economic evaluation of health services largely focuses on comparing interventions in terms of their impact on health only, missing factors potentially important to broader wellbeing. The capability approach measures outcomes in terms of what people are able to do and be. It provides an alternative evaluative space for economic evaluation, which may be especially beneficial for populations such as children and young people, for whom health might not be the only outcome of importance to their wellbeing. Study aims: This study aims to develop conceptual attributes and descriptive systems for capability wellbeing measures for children and young people to be used in economic evaluation, using qualitative methods with children and young people directly and their parents/guardians. Methods: Qualitative interviews will be used with children and young people and parents/guardians to develop the conceptual attributes (items) and wording for the capability wellbeing measures. Recruitment will be undertaken through organisations such as schools and charities and online using Facebook. Interviews will be face-to-face or online and will focus on identifying factors important to children and young people’s wellbeing to create an initial draft of the capability wellbeing measures. Subsequent interviews will focus on refining the wording used in the measures. Interviews will be analysed using methods of constant comparison, to explore similarities and differences in what participants considered important to children and young people’s wellbeing and to develop appropriate wording for the measures based on participant responses. Ethics: The study received approval from the University of Bristol Faculty of Health Sciences Research Ethics Committee (reference 77121).
The Great Preglacial “Bell River” of North America: Detrital Zircon Evidence for Oligocene–Miocene Fluvial Connections Between the Colorado Plateau and Labrador Sea
Authors: Sears James W. , Beranek Luke P. 
Published: March 2022

The idea of a great pre-glacial river that drained much of North America into the Arctic waters of modern Canada was first suggested in 1895 by Robert A. Bell. In the 1970s, petroleum exploration in Hudson Strait and the Labrador Sea located the massive, submerged delta of what is now known as the Bell River. Reconstructions suggest that three main branches of the Bell River joined up near modern Hudson Bay. The eastern branch largely drained the Canadian Shield, but the central and western branches had headwaters in the Cordilleran orogenic belt and its foreland in the present-day U.S. and northwestern Canada, respectively. We present new detrital zircon U–Pb data from Lower Oligocene and Lower Miocene sand from an exploration well in the Saglek delta of the northern Labrador Sea. In conjunction with other detrital zircon results from the Labrador Sea (and elsewhere) these data record the configuration and history of this continental-scale drainage basin in more detail. Mesozoic and younger detrital zircon grains (< 250 Ma) are subordinate to Precambrian age groupings, but Cenozoic populations become more abundant during the Oligocene, suggesting that the basin had expanded into areas now occupied by the Colorado Plateau and the Basin-and-Range Province. Proterozoic and Phanerozoic detrital zircon grain populations in Saglek delta sediments are similar to those of the Pliocene Colorado River. The results support an earlier idea that initial incision of the Grand Canyon and denudation of the Colorado Plateau were associated with a north-flowing paleo-river that fed into the Bell River basin. This contribution continued until the Pliocene capture of this ancestral river by the Gulf of California basin, after which the excavation of the modern Grand Canyon was completed. The Bell River drainage basin was later blocked by the expansion of Pleistocene ice sheets.
Estimating Personalized Demand with Unobserved No-Purchases Using a Mixture Model: An Application in the Hotel Industry
Authors: Cho Sanghoon , Ferguson Mark , Pekgün Pelin , Vakhutinsky Andrew 
Published: March 2022

Problem definition: Estimating customer demand for revenue management solutions faces two main hurdles: unobservable no-purchases and nonhomogenous customer populations with varying preferences. We propose a novel and practical estimation and segmentation methodology that overcomes both challenges simultaneously. Academic/practical relevance: We combine the estimation of discrete choice modeling under unobservable no-purchases with a data-driven identification of customer segments. In collaboration with our industry partner, Oracle Hospitality Global Business Unit, we demonstrate our methodology in the hotel industry setting where increased competition has driven hoteliers to look for more innovative revenue management practices, such as personalized offers for their guests. Methodology: Our methodology predicts demand for multiple types of hotel rooms based on guest characteristics, travel attributes, and room features. Our framework combines clustering techniques with choice modeling to develop a mixture of multinomial logit discrete choice models and uses Bayesian inference to estimate model parameters. In addition to predicting the probability of an individual guest’s room type choice, our model delivers additional insights on segmentation with its capability to classify each guest into segments (or a mixture of segments) based on their characteristics. Results: We first show using Monte Carlo simulations that our method outperforms several benchmark methods in prediction accuracy, with nearly unbiased estimates of the choice model parameters and the size of the no-purchase incidents. We then demonstrate our method on a real hotel data set and illustrate how the model results can be used to drive insights for personalized offers and pricing. Managerial implications: Our proposed framework provides a practical approach for a complicated demand estimation problem and can help hoteliers segment their guests based on their preferences, which can serve as a valuable input for personalized offer selection and pricing decisions. History: This paper has been accepted as part of the 2021 Manufacturing & Service Operations Management Practice-Based Research Competition. Funding: This work was supported by Oracle Labs, part of Oracle America, Inc. [Gift 2380]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.1094 .
Oral, genital and anal human papillomavirus infections among female sex workers in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Morhason-Bello Imran O. , Baisley Kathy , Pavon Miquel A. , Adewole Isaac F. , Bakare Rasheed A. , de Sanjosé Silvia , Francis Suzanna C. , Watson-Jones Deborah 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundThere are limited data on the epidemiology of HPV in different anatomical sites of female sex workers (FSW). We investigated the prevalence and concordance of cervical, vulval, oral and anal HPV among FSW in Ibadan, Nigeria.MethodsFSWs aged 18–45 years were enrolled in a cross-sectional survey. After interview and clinical examination, samples were collected from mouth, cervix, vulva and anus. HPV genotyping was done with Anyplex II 28HPV assay. Multivariable analyses were performed to explore associated risk factors and concordance of HPV infections across sites.ResultsIn total, 315 FSWs participated in the study with a mean age of 30–6.5 years. The prevalence of any HPV infection was 88% in the vulva, 84% in the cervix, 75% in the anus and 24% in the oral cavity. HPV 35 was the most prevalent and concordant high-risk type in the four sites. The risk factors for HPV infection by anatomic site varied.ConclusionThis large study showed a high prevalence and concordance of HPV infections of cervical, vulval, oral and anal HPV among FSWs in Nigeria. The potential to acquire and transmit HPV is high in this population, and we highlighted the urgency to protect young women through HPV vaccination.
Diagnostic and Prognostic Values of KRAS Mutations on EUS-FNA Specimens and Circulating Tumor DNA in Patients With Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Wang Ronghua , Zhao Yuchong , Wang Yun , Zhao Zhenxiong , Chen Qian , Duan Yaqi , Xiong Si , Luan Zhou , Wang Jinlin , Cheng Bin 
Published: March 2022

INTRODUCTION:
The ability of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) to differentiate pancreatic cancer from other benign pancreatic lesions is unsatisfactory. This study explored the diagnostic value of KRAS gene mutations and plasma circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in patients with pancreatic cancer.

METHODS:
The prospective cohort study comprised 149 consecutive patients with solid pancreatic lesions who underwent endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA). KRAS subtype mutations were analyzed by digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) in EUS-FNA histopathology tissue samples, and blood samples were sent for plasma ctDNA analysis. The final diagnosis was based on surgical resection pathology or follow-up for at least 2 years.

RESULTS:
Adding KRAS mutation ddPCR increased the sensitivity and accuracy of EUS-FNA from 71.4% to 91.6% (P < 0.001) and 75.8% to 88.6% (P < 0.001), respectively. By comparison, the sensitivities of circulating biomarkers ctDNA and CA19-9 were only 35.2% and 71.2%. The area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of EUS-FNA and KRAS ddPCR combination was >0.90 for distinguishing pancreatic cancer from benign lesions, whereas the AUC of EUS-FNA and CA19-9 combination was 0.83. The median survival time was significantly shorter in patients with G12D KRAS mutations than that in patients with other mutations (180 vs 240 days, P < 0.001).

DISCUSSION:
FNA tissue sample KRAS mutation analysis in tissues significantly improves the diagnostic accuracy of cyto/histopathological evaluation in EUS-FNA samples. The combination of EUS-FNA and tissue sample KRAS ddPCR provided a more accurate method for pancreatic cancer diagnosis, superior to the combination of EUS-FNA and CA19-9/ctDNA. G12D KRAS mutations in pancreatic cancer were independently associated with poor overall survival.
Análisis de las condiciones laborales de la jefatura de familia en México: precariedad compartida, necesidades diferenciadas
Authors: Salas Durazo Iván Alejandro , Soria Romo Rigoberto , Rivas Jiménez Claudia Patricia 
Published: March 2022

En el presente escrito se caracterizaron y contrastaron las condiciones laborales de mujeres y hombres jefes de familia mediante una tipología que consideró escolaridad, edad, tipo de empleo y estado civil. Con los grupos más representativos se analizaron las principales características laborales con la finalidad de valorar su precariedad laboral. Se empleó la metodología de análisis cualitativo comparado mediante la generación de tablas de verdad utilizando los microdatos de la Encuesta Nacional de Ocupación y Empleo al primer trimestre de 2019. Como resultados, se identificó una precariedad generalizada en las y los jefes de familia explicada por los bajos niveles de escolaridad, en contraste con las necesidades que suponen los roles de género. Asimismo, se identificaron tres grupos de jefas de familia: i) trabajos por cuenta propia, salarios bajos y nulo acceso a prestaciones; ii) trabajos subordinados con brechas de género adversas, y iii) trabajos subordinados con bajos niveles de precariedad. Una implicación de este escalonamiento está en la superposición de la ocupación con la etapa reproductiva y de crianza. Cabe destacar que este trabajo se centró únicamente en las condiciones laborales, dejando de lado aspectos de la dinámica familiar.
Eficacia de herbicidas preemergentes en el control de Oryza latifolia Desv. (arroz pato)
Authors: Picado-Arroyo Grettel , Herrera-Murillo Franklin 
Published: March 2022

Introducción. Oryza latifolia es una especie silvestre en plantaciones de arroz comercial, su control es difícil dada la poca disponibilidad de herbicidas eficaces y selectivos al arroz cultivado. Objetivo. Identificar herbicidas preemergentes para controlar O. latifolia y estimar el tiempo de espera para sembrar arroz comercial. Materiales y métodos. De abril a octubre del 2019 se realizaron dos experimentos en la Estación Experimental Agrícola Fabio Baudrit Moreno, Alajuela, Costa Rica. Se utilizaron macetas plásticas de 3 L de capacidad, llenas con suelo arcilloso. En cada maceta se sembraron treinta semillas de O. latifolia. En el primer experimento se evaluó el oxifluorfen (480, 720 y 960 g i.a. ha-1), oxadiargil (300, 400 y 500 g i.a. ha-1), pretilaclor (1000, 1500 y 2000 g i.a. ha-1), atrazina (1500, 2000 y 2500 g i.a. ha-1), acetoclor (1500, 2000 y 2500 g i.a. ha-1) y un testigo sin herbicida. En el segundo experimento se evaluaron el oxifluorfen (480 g i.a. ha-1) y la atrazina (2000 g i.a. ha-1) aplicados a las 0, 1, 2, 3 y 4 semanas antes de sembrar la variedad de arroz Palmar 18. En ambos experimentos se utilizó un diseño irrestricto al azar con cinco repeticiones. Se evaluó el control y biomasa aérea seca de O. latifolia y la variedad Palmar 18. Resultados. El oxifluorfen en las dosis evaluadas mostró la mayor eficacia con 100 % de control de O. latifolia, seguido de la atrazina a 2000 g i.a. ha-1 con 80 %; sin embargo, ambos herbicidas causaron daños de leves a moderados en la variedad de arroz cuando se aplicaron entre 0 y 4 semanas antes de la siembra. Conclusión. El oxifluorfen fue el herbicida preemergente más eficaz para el control de O. latifolia, pero no se determinó con exactitud el tiempo de espera para sembrar la variedad Palmar 18.