bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meta‐analysis of the impact of financial constraints on firm performance
Authors: Ahamed Fatematuz Tamanna , Houqe Muhammad Nurul , van Zijl Tony 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA large number of studies have investigated the relationship between financial constraints and firm performance. However, due to heterogeneity in study design factors, such as choice of measures for constraints and performance, control variables, estimation methods and study sample, the empirical results have been mixed. To mitigate this issue, this paper reports a meta‐analysis of the association between financial constraints and firm performance. To assess the overall direction of the relationship and the sources of heterogeneity, we apply meta‐analytic methods to 26 studies (providing 189 effect sizes) on the association between financial constraints and financial performance in listed companies. Our result shows that, overall, there is a positive relationship between financial constraints and firm performance. In addition, meta‐regression results suggest that return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) as measures of financial performance, and external finance and size as measures of financial constraints, have a significant negative impact on the relationship between financial constraints and firm performance relative to the mean impact on effect size. Similarly, all of North America and Asia as regional differences, control of size and corporate governance as control variables, and journal quality as strength of results, also have a significant negative impact. On the other hand, market value as a measure of financial performance, and the Whited & Wu index as a measure of financial constraints, have significant positive impact relative to the mean impact. Similarly, cross‐country and Europe as regional differences, and publication status as strength of results, all have significant positive impact. Given that firm performance is of fundamental importance to investors, this study therefore helps researchers and policymakers to understand the variation in the empirical results on the impact of financial constraints.
Cow's milk still leads in the United States: The case of cow's, almond, and soy milk
Authors: Raszap Skorbiansky Sharon , Saavoss Monica , Stewart Hayden 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWhile cow's milk and plant‐based milk are often hypothesized to be substitutes, much remains unknown about the impacts that plant‐based milks have on the retail price for cow's milk, if any. We explore the individual retail price relationship between two plant‐based milks, almond and soy, with cow's milk. If the markets are cointegrated, and shocks in the plant‐based markets affect the cow's milk market, it can add volatility to cow's milk prices, which could have implications for costs and benefits of the USDA Dairy Margin Coverage Program and price calculations by the Federal Milk Marketing Orders (FMMO). However, while we find evidence that plant‐based milk prices react to shocks in cow's milk prices, we do not find evidence that cow's milk prices respond to changes in plant‐based milk prices.
Metastatic giant cell tumour of bone: a narrative review of management options and approaches
Authors: Xu Ruiwen , Choong Peter F. M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGiant cell tumour of bone (GCTB) is a locally aggressive bone neoplasm with a rare tendency to metastasise, most commonly to the lungs. The management of metastatic GCTB (metGCTB) is controversial due to its unpredictable behaviour. Asymptomatic patients should be monitored radiologically and undergo treatment only when disease progression occurs. Surgery is recommended for resectable metGCTB. Denosumab, a monoclonal antibody which inhibits receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand, is recommended for unresectable metGCTB with evidence from phase II trials demonstrating its safety and efficacy. Relapse after denosumab withdrawal may occur and prolonged treatment may be associated with serious adverse events, thus further research is warranted to inform a maintenance regimen with reduced dosing and frequency. Combined denosumab and bisphosphonate therapy has the potential to achieve sustained disease control or remission in unresectable metGCTB without requiring long‐term treatment and should be evaluated in prospective trials. Various novel agents have demonstrated in vitro and anecdotal efficacy and warrant further evaluation.
Estimation of discrimination threshold for emulsified chicken oil in chicken broth
Authors: Watanabe Genya , Ishida Shota , Motoyama Michiyo , Duconseille Anne , Takita Keigo , Nakajima Ikuyo , Tajima Atsushi , Sasaki Keisuke 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAlthough fat content affects the texture and flavor of meat and meat products, the fat discrimination thresholds are unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the discrimination threshold of fat in meat products using broth from chicken thigh meat as a meat taste model. In Experiment 1, triangle tests were conducted between 1%, 0.2%, 0.04%, and 0.008% (w/v) chicken oil‐supplemented broth and broth without chicken oil. The results indicated the discrimination threshold to be between 0.04% and 0.008% (w/v). In Experiment 2, similar triangle tests were conducted using oil supplementation at 0.1%, 0.0333%, 0.0111%, and 0.0037% to refine the discrimination threshold. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the discrimination threshold of emulsified chicken oil in chicken broth was 0.0387% (w/v). We demonstrated that chicken oil made a sensory difference in chicken broth at a low concentration and indicates that the chicken oil strongly affects the sensory characteristics of chicken broth.
Temporal networks in collaborative learning: A case study
Authors: Saqr Mohammed , Peeters Ward 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSocial Network Analysis (SNA) has enabled researchers to understand and optimize the key dimensions of collaborative learning. A majority of SNA research has so far used static networks, ie, aggregated networks that compile interactions without considering when certain activities or relationships occurred. Compressing a temporal process by discarding time, however, may result in reductionist oversimplifications. In this study, we demonstrate the potentials of temporal networks in the analysis of online peer collaboration. In particular, we study: (1) social interactions by analysing learners' collaborative behaviour, part of a case study in which they worked on academic writing tasks, and (2) cognitive interactions through the analysis of students' self‐regulated learning tactics. The study included 123 students and 2550 interactions. By using temporal networks, we show how to analyse the longitudinal evolution of a collaborative network visually and quantitatively. Correlation coefficients with grades, when calculated with time‐respecting temporal measures of centrality, were more correlated with learning outcomes than traditional centrality measures. Using temporal networks to analyse the co‐temporal and longitudinal development, reach, and diffusion patterns of students' learning tactics has provided novel insights into the complex dynamics of learning, not commonly offered through static networks.
Cellular and molecular atlas of the placenta from a COVID‐19 pregnant woman infected at midgestation highlights the defective impacts on foetal health
Authors: Chen Jingsi , Du Lili , Wang Feiyang , Shao Xuan , Wang Xiaoyi , Yu Wenzhe , Bi Shilei , Chen Dexiong , Pan Xingfei , Zeng Shanshan , Huang Lijun , Liang Yingyu , Li Yulian , Chen Rufang , Xue Fengwu , Li Xiuying , Wang Shouping , Zhuang Manli , Liu Mingxing , Lin Lin , Yan Hao , He Fang , Yu Lin , Jiang Qingping , Xiong Zhongtang , Zhang Lizi , Cao Bin , Wang Yan‐Ling , Chen Dunjin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe impacts of the current COVID‐19 pandemic on maternal and foetal health are enormous and of serious concern. However, the influence of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection at early‐to‐mid gestation on maternal and foetal health remains unclear.Materials and methodsHere, we report the follow‐up study of a pregnant woman of her whole infective course of SARS‐CoV‐2, from asymptomatic infection at gestational week 20 to mild and then severe illness state, and finally cured at Week 24. Following caesarean section due to incomplete uterine rupture at Week 28, histological examinations on the placenta and foetal tissues as well as single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) for the placenta were performed.ResultsCompared with the gestational age‐matched control placentas, the placenta from this COVID‐19 case exhibited more syncytial knots and lowered expression of syncytiotrophoblast‐related genes. The scRNA‐seq analysis demonstrated impaired trophoblast differentiation, activation of antiviral and inflammatory CD8 T cells, as well as the tight association of increased inflammatory responses in the placenta with complement over‐activation in macrophages. In addition, levels of several inflammatory factors increased in the placenta and foetal blood.ConclusionThese findings illustrate a systematic cellular and molecular signature of placental insufficiency and immune activation at the maternal–foetal interface that may be attributed to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection at the midgestation stage, which highly suggests the extensive care for maternal and foetal outcomes in pregnant women suffering from COVID‐19.
Risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in never‐smokers: A systematic review
Authors: Pando‐Sandoval Ana , Ruano‐Ravina Alberto , Candal‐Pedreira Cristina , Rodríguez‐García Carlota , Represas‐Represas Cristina , Golpe Rafael , Fernández‐Villar Alberto , Pérez‐Ríos Mónica 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionRelatively little is known about the risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in never‐smokers, and these factors have not yet been fully characterised. This study therefore sought to analyse COPD risk factors in never‐smokers by conducting a systematic review of the literature on the topic.Materials and methodsWe performed a search in PubMed (Medline) and Embase from 2000 onwards, to locate studies on COPD in never‐smokers. For literature search and evidence synthesis purposes, we used the PRISMA guidelines and drew up a specific quality scale to quantify the evidence of each study included.ResultsThe bibliographic search retrieved a total of 557 papers, 20 of which fulfilled the designated inclusion criteria (two case–control studies, four cohort studies and 14 cross‐sectional studies). These studies were undertaken in Europe, the United States, Latin America, Asia and Africa. The risk factors for never‐smokers were varied and ranged from exposure to biomass, occupational exposure and passive smoking to having a history of asthma, tuberculosis or respiratory infections during childhood. The effect of residential radon was unclear. The highest risk was obtained for previous respiratory diseases of any type, with a magnitude much higher than that observed for other risk factors.ConclusionsThere are few studies on COPD risk factors in never‐smokers. More purpose‐designed studies in this subpopulation are thus called for, including well‐designed studies to specifically assess if indoor radon has any role on COPD onset.
Rapid changes in public perception toward a conservation initiative
Authors: Niemiec Rebecca , Berl Richard E. W. , Gonzalez Mireille , Teel Tara , Salerno Jonathan , Breck Stewart , Camara Cassiopeia , Collins Matthew , Schultz Courtney , Hoag Dana , Crooks Kevin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRapid, widespread changes in public perceptions and behaviors have the potential to influence conservation outcomes. However, few studies have documented whether and how such shifts occur throughout the span of a conservation initiative. We examined the 2020 ballot initiative to reintroduce wolves into Colorado, which passed with less support than prior surveys had estimated. We conducted a postelection survey of Colorado residents using the same methods as our preelection survey to compare responses between surveys and to official election results. Reported voting in favor of wolf reintroduction in the postelection survey decreased in comparison to voting intentions shared in the preelection survey, but not enough to reflect the actual vote. While bias from survey methods and/or sampling contributed to differences, we also found evidence that public perception changed. Specifically, beliefs about the potential for negative impacts of wolves increased, while beliefs about the potential for positive impacts of wolves decreased. Our findings highlight the need to conduct longitudinal monitoring of public perception given perceptions may be highly fluid as different entities attempt to sway voters. In addition, to better understand evolving perceptions, survey methods and sampling need to be improved.
Research priorities in liver transplant anesthesiology: Results of a survey of liver transplant anesthesiologists
Authors: Smith Natalie , Chadha Ryan , Zerillo Jeron , Lin Hung‐Mo , Ouyang Yuxia , DeMaria Samuel 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOptimal perioperative care contributes to improved patient outcomes, as demonstrated in the field of liver transplant (LT). The evolution in perioperative care over the past two decades has been driven by research in areas such as preoperative testing, coagulation management, and intraoperative monitoring. However, much of this research is driven by local institutional pressures and practices with a dearth of studies emanating from research consortia or other groups of experts within the field. To better characterize the top research questions in the field, we queried a group of 128 LT anesthesiologists representing 87 international liver transplant centers with a response from 71 practitioners (59.2%). Three experts then codified the responses into the top 20 questions, which were sent to the survey recipients as a second survey to rank order. Seventy‐five respondents (61.5%) provided responses, which were merged into a weighted ranked priority list and analyzed by respondent location and center size. The highest ranked question was, “What intraoperative anesthetic management/interventions affect graft outcome?” Most of the top research questions focused on preoperative risk factor management or optimization and intraoperative management techniques. In general, this priorities list may serve as a guide for transplant anesthesiology researchers to focus future research endeavors on shared interests that improve patient care.
First‐line steroid treatment for spontaneous intracranial hypotension
Authors: Tonello Simone , Grossi Ugo , Trincia Elena , Zanus Giacomo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundSpontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is a syndrome characterized by low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure and postural headaches, and affects 1 per 20,000 individuals every year.Case reportWe report an otherwise healthy 38‐year‐old man admitted to the hospital with orthostatic headache that developed 48 h after a short‐haul flight during which he sustained a neck injury due to turbulence. Neurological examination, blood analysis and computed tomography scan performed at the emergency service were normal. Brain and spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed diffuse pachymeningeal enhancement and contrast medium egress from the subarachnoid space into the epidural space at the level of C2. The patient was treated with bed rest, hydration and 1 mg/kg/day oral prednisone for 5 days, with a gradual withdrawal in the following 7 days. Complete symptomatic relief was observed after 16 days, with resolution of the pathological findings on brain and spinal MRI after 1 month, except for localized pachymeningeal enhancement. Clinical relief was maintained over time until last follow‐up visit 9 months later.ConclusionSuccessful conservative treatment barely exceeds one quarter of cases of SIH. The clinical benefits of steroids may result from several mechanisms of action, for example, improving brain oedema and inflammation, determining fluid retention, and facilitating reabsorption of the CSF from extradural space. Notwithstanding that epidural blood patch remains the most successful treatment for SIH, future studies should explore the effectiveness of steroids as first‐line therapy in addition to the most commonly suggested measures of bed rest and hydration.
The persistence of neoliberal logics in faculty evaluations amidst Covid‐19: Recalibrating toward equity
Authors: Mickey Ethel L. , Misra Joya , Clark Dessie 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we theorize the intersectional gendered impacts of COVID‐19 on faculty labor, with a particular focus on how institutions of higher education in the United States evaluate faculty labor amidst the COVID‐19 transition and beyond. The pandemic has disrupted faculty research, teaching, and service in differential ways, having larger impacts on women faculty, faculty of color, and caregiving faculty in ways that further reflect the intersections of these groups. Universities have had to reconsider how evaluation occurs, given the impact of these disruptions on faculty careers. Through a case study of university pandemic responses in the United States, we summarize key components of how colleges and universities shifted evaluations of faculty labor in response to COVID‐19, including suspending teaching evaluations, implementing tenure delays, and allowing for impact statements in faculty reviews. While most institutional responses recenter neoliberal principles of the ideal academic worker that is both gendered and racialized, a few universities have taken more innovative approaches to better attend to equity concerns. We conclude by suggesting arecalibrationof the faculty evaluation system – one that maintains systematic faculty reviews and allows for academic freedom, but requires universities to take a more contextualized approach to evaluation in ways that center equity and inclusion for women faculty and faculty of color for the long term.
“Alternative facts” and St. Thomas Becket in the waning days of the Trump Presidency
Authors: Cuenca Esther Liberman 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article examines the executive proclamation, issued by Donald Trump in late December 2020, celebrating the 850th anniversary of St. Thomas Becket's martyrdom. This executive proclamation is best seen as an example of the “alternative facts” that came to popularize the politics of the Trump era. Trump's Becket proclamation is an important text that represents the conservative push towards an understanding of history rooted in ideology but also in ahistorical and fictional representations of a medieval past. The Becket proclamation itself is medieval history filtered through the lens of conservative and grievance politics, which invoke the nebulous concept of personal or religious “liberty.”
Different scaling and root planing strategies in Turkish patients with aggressive periodontitis: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Mamaklıoğlu Dilek , Karched Maribasappa , Kuru Leyla , Kuru Bahar , Asikainen Sirkka , Doğan Başak 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to compare clinical, cytokine and microbiological responses after quadrant‐based scaling and root planing (Q‐SRP), full‐mouth SRP (FM‐SRP) and full‐mouth disinfection (FMD) in patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP), which is currently termed as generalized stage‐III and grade‐C periodontitis.MethodsForty‐two patients with GAgP were randomly assigned into groups as Q‐SRP, FM‐SRP or FMD with chlorhexidine. Clinical parameters were recorded, and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and subgingival plaque samples were collected at baseline, 3 and 6 months after treatment. GCF levels of interleukin (IL)‐1β and IL‐17 were analysed using ELISA. Quantities of six bacterial species were determined using qPCR.ResultsClinical parameters improved significantly in all groups at 3 and 6 months (p < 0.05). Percentage of sites with probing depth >6 mm was lower in the FMD than Q‐SRP group at 3 and 6 months (p < 0.05). FMD showed significantly higher percentage of pocket closure compared with Q‐SRP and FM‐SRP at both 3 and 6 months after treatment (p < 0.05). The IL‐1β levels decreased only in the FMD group (p < 0.05), whereas no changes were found in IL‐17 levels in any group. The levels of five out of six bacterial species decreased at 3 and/or 6 months only in the FMD group (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThe FMD treatment appears to offer superior outcome than Q‐SRP and could be the first choice for patients with GAgP.
Burden of skin cancer in Colombia
Authors: Meijs Martijn , Herrera Astrid , Acosta Alvaro , de Vries Esther 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundLevels of incidence and mortality of skin cancer in Colombia and Latin America are largely unknown.ObjectivesPresent the available information from official and gray literature and governmental databases to grasp the magnitude and characteristics of skin cancer in Colombia (middle‐income Latin American country).MethodsNarrative review based on a literature search (2005–2020), gray literature and cancer registry and governmental warehouse data, calculation of proportions and age‐standardized incidence (ASIR) and mortality rates (ASMR), expressed per 100,000 person‐years.ResultsASIR of cutaneous melanoma in Colombia is around 3, corresponding ASMR between 0.7 and 0.8. Distinctive features are the high proportion and rates for acral melanomas, and the advanced stage at diagnosis in the general population but not in private clinics. For non‐melanoma skin cancer, ASIR is at least around 35–40, ASMR 0.8.ConclusionsAmong the wealthy Colombians, melanoma features are similar to those of high incidence countries (but of lower magnitude), whereas the majority of the population present distinct features with a much higher proportion of acral melanomas, very late stages at diagnosis, and poor prognosis. More advanced melanomas seem to have a relation with lower socioeconomic status. Non‐melanoma skin cancer is common, with very high mortality rates at levels even above those of predominantly fair‐skinned populations, implying high fatality rates for non‐melanoma skin cancers. This could indicate a late diagnosis or difficulties in access to treatment, illustrating the need for primary and secondary prevention to reduce the burden of disease and improve the prognosis of this common cancer.
Valorisation of blood protein from livestock to produce haem iron‐fortified hydrolysates with antioxidant activity
Authors: Berraquero‐García Carmen , Almécija M. Carmen , Guadix Emilia M. , Pérez‐Gálvez Raúl 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBlood is the main by‐product from slaughterhouses bearing high levels of suspended solids (18% w/w) and BOD5 (250 000–375 000 mg O2/L), which makes difficult its handling and disposal. This study proposes the valorisation of blood protein to produce enzymatic hydrolysates rich in haemic iron and antioxidant peptides. Haemic iron presents higher bioavailability compared to its inorganic form, but its incorporation into foodstuffs is restrained by its high tendency to oxidation. Six commercial proteases of animal, plant and bacterial origin were employed to produce the enzymatic hydrolysates. Subtilisin and trypsin treatments were able to recover 70% of haem iron as soluble peptides, in contrast with plant enzymes where the proteolysis was reduced. Moreover, some enzymatic treatments led to hydrolysates with high levels of some in vitro antioxidant activities such as radical scavenging (Protamex, IC50 3.52 mg/mL) or metal chelating activity (trypsin, IC50 0.27 mg/mL). We conclude the enzymatic valorisation of blood protein increases haemic iron bioavailability and produces antioxidant peptides. Both properties are of interest for their use as iron fortification supplements.