bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The common sense of expert activists: practitioners, scholars, and the problem of statelessness in Europe
Authors: Beyer Judith 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this article, I follow a group of professionals in their efforts to address the problem of statelessness in Europe. My interlocutors divide the members of their group into “practitioners,” on the one hand, and “scholars” on the other. Relating this emic dichotomization to Antonio Gramsci’s dialectical take on common sense, I argue against a theoretical reductionism that regards expertise and activism as two essentially different and mostly separate endeavors, and put forward the concept of the “expert activist.” Unpacking what I call the “practitioner–scholar dilemma,” I show that in their effort to end statelessness, “practitioners” take a reformist route that aims at realizing citizenship for the stateless, while “scholars” are open to a more revolutionary path that contemplates the denaturalization and even the eradication of the state. By drawing on Gramsci, I suggest that the impasse the group encounters in their work might relate more to the structural constraints imposed by the state within or against which they operate than to the problem of statelessness they are trying to solve. This article contributes to a body of emergent work in anthropology that explores the intersection of scholarly expertise and activism.
Multivariate selection and the making and breaking of mutational pleiotropy
Authors: Svensson Erik I. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe role of mutations have been subject to many controversies since the formation of the Modern Synthesis of evolution in the early 1940ties. Geneticists in the early half of the twentieth century tended to view mutations as a limiting factor in evolutionary change. In contrast, natural selection was largely viewed as a “sieve” whose main role was to sort out the unfit but which could not create anything novel alone. This view gradually changed with the development of mathematical population genetics theory, increased appreciation of standing genetic variation and the discovery of more complex forms of selection, including balancing selection. Short-term evolutionary responses to selection are mainly influenced by standing genetic variation, and are predictable to some degree using information about the genetic variance–covariance matrix (G) and the strength and form of selection (e. g. the vector of selection gradients,β). However, predicting long-term evolution is more challenging, and requires information about the nature and supply of novel mutations, summarized by the mutational variance–covariance matrix (M). Recently, there has been increased attention to the role of mutations in general andMin particular. Some evolutionary biologists argue that evolution is largely mutation-driven and claim that mutation bias frequently results in mutation-biased adaptation. Strong similarities betweenGandMhave also raised questions about the non-randomness of mutations. Moreover, novel mutations are typically not isotropic in their phenotypic effects and mutational pleiotropy is common. Here I discuss the evolutionary origin and consequences of mutational pleiotropy and how multivariate selection directly shapesGand indirectlyMthrough changed epistatic relationships. I illustrate these ideas by reviewing recent literature and models about correlational selection, evolution ofGandM, sexual selection and the fitness consequences of sexual antagonism.
Chance and Necessity: Hegel’s Epistemological Vision
Authors: Nescolarde-Selva J. , Usó-Doménech J. L. , Gash H. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this paper the authors provide an epistemological view on the old controversial random-necessity. It has been considered that either one or the other form part of the structure of reality. Chance and indeterminism are nothing but a disorderly efficiency of contingency in the production of events, phenomena, processes, i.e., in its causality, in the broadest sense of the word. Such production may be observed in natural and artificial processes or in human social processes (in history, economics, society, politics, etc.). Here we touch the object par excellence of all scientific research whether natural or human. In this work, is presented a hypothesis whose practical result satisfies the Hegelian dialectic, with the consequent implication of their mutual reciprocal integration. Producing abstractions, without which, there is no thought or knowledge of any kind, from the concrete, that is, the real problem, which in this case is a given Ontological System or Reality.
Designing a double-coated cathode with high entropy oxides by microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis for highly stable Li–S batteries
Authors: Colombo Roberto , Garino Nadia , Versaci Daniele , Amici Julia , Para Maria Laura , Quartarone Eliana , Francia Carlotta , Bella Federico , Bodoardo Silvia 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNowadays, Li–S batteries are considered as one of the most promising alternatives to Li-ion technology in the near future, thanks to their high specific capacity and their significantly lower environmental impact and production costs. Consequently, many efforts have been directed to tackle with the inherent issues that affect Li–S batteries. One of the main problems is the so-called shuttle effect, which basically entails the unwanted migration of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) from the cathode to the anode side, causing the degradation of the cell. Here, we report an effective strategy to restrain the shuttle effect and increase the kinetics at the cathode of the lithium–sulfur (Li–S) battery. A functional layer including high entropy oxides (HEO) coated onto the sulfur cathode allows to exploit the HEOs capability as promoter catalysts for the conversion of LiPSs. Pure HEO powders are synthesized by fast, highly efficient microwave irradiation, followed by heat treatment at 930 °C. The formation of highly crystalline HEO is confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. The LiPSs adsorption capability of HEO is evaluated by UV–vis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses. The effect of the HEO-coated sulfur cathode on the electrochemical performance of the Li–S battery is studied by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge. The cell with double-coated cathode delivers an initial discharge capacity of 1173 mAh/g at C/10 with 45% capacity retention over 500 cycles at C/5, approaching ~ 99% coulombic efficiency.
Graphical abstract
PUM2 aggravates the neuroinflammation and brain damage induced by ischemia–reperfusion through the SLC7A11-dependent inhibition of ferroptosis via suppressing the SIRT1
Authors: Liu Qingran , Liu Yongchang , Li Yan , Hong Zhen , Li Shaoquan , Liu Chen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCerebral ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury occurs due to the restoration of blood perfusion after cerebral ischemia, which results in the damage of the brain structures and functions. Unfortunately, currently there are no effective methods for preventing and treating it. The pumilio 2 (PUM2) is a type of RBPs that has been reported to participate in the progression of several diseases. Ferroptosis is reported to be involved in I/R injury. Whether PUM2 modulated I/R injury through regulating ferroptosis remains to be elucidated. The cerebral I/R models including animal middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model and oxygen–glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R)-induced cortical neuron injury cell model of were established and, respectively. RT-qPCR was applied for evaluating PUM2, SIRT1 and SLC7A11 expression. Western blot was employed for measuring the protein expression levels. The viability of cortical neurons was tested by MTT assay. The histological damage of the brain tissues was assessed by H&E staining. The level of PUM2 was boosted in both the brain tissues of the MCAO model and OGD/R-induced cortical neuron injury model. Silence of PUM2 alleviated MCAO-induced brain injury and decreased the death of PC12 cell exposed to OGD/R. PUM2 also aggravated the accumulation of free iron in MCAO mice and OGD/R-induced cortical neuron injury model. In addition, PUM2 suppressed SLC7A11 via inhibiting expression of SIRT1. Rescue assays unveiled that downregulation of SLC7A11 reversed PUM2 mediated neuroinflammation and brain damage induced by I/R. PUM2 aggravated I/R-induced neuroinflammation and brain damage through the SLC7A11-dependent inhibition of ferroptosis by suppressing SIRT1, highlighting the role of PUM2 in preventing or treating cerebral I/R injury.
What do we see in pictures? The sensory individuals of picture perception
Authors: Nanay Bence 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWhen I am looking at an apple, I perceptually attribute certain properties to certain entities. Two questions arise: what are these entities (what is it that I perceptually represent as having properties) and what are these properties (what properties I perceive this entity as having)? This paper is about the former, less widely explored, question: what does our perceptual system attribute properties to? In other words, what are these ‘sensory individuals’. There have been important debates in philosophy of perception about what sensory individuals would be the most plausible candidates for which sense modalities. The aim of this paper is to ask a related question about picture perception: what is the sensory individual of picture perception? When we look at a picture and see an apple depicted in it, what kind of entity do we see? What do we perceptually attribute properties to? I argue that the most straightforward candidates (ordinary objects, sui generis sensory individuals, no sensory individuals) are all problematic and that the most plausible candidate for the sensory individuals of picture perception are spatiotemporal regions.
Knowledge development, technology and quality of experience in collaborative learning: a perspective from Saudi Arabia universities
Authors: Alyami Abdulrahman , Pileggi Salvatore F. , Hawryszkiewycz Igor 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTechnology has recently gained relevance within collaborative learning environments to provide robustness, agility and flexibility. Several recent studies have investigated the role of technology, as well as researchers have defined different metrics to assess learning outcomes and experience along the collaborative knowledge development process. More recently, technology has played a key role to face the new challenges related to COVID-19, which forced to move on remote or hybrid learning. This research focuses on the quality of learning experience in terms of academic performance and perceived satisfaction. From a methodological point of view, a conceptual framework has been proposed and a quantitative study has been conducted among undergraduate and postgraduate students that are undertaking programs related to System Design in Saudi Arabia universities. 152 responses have been collected through an online survey and analysed using SPSS and SmartPLS. Results show a positive impact of technology along the collaborative knowledge development process and a strong correlation among the different quality of learning experience parameters considered. Indeed, despite some challenges, an integrated use of technology seems to properly support the most pressing needs in terms of quality experience, while the well-known social/educational issues related to the COVID-19 pandemic are not object of this study. Those findings are expected to contribute to the Saudi Arabia’s vision 2030 and, more holistically, to the assessment of collaborative learning environments that extensively rely on technology.
Extraterrestrial Life Signature Detection Microscopy: Search and Analysis of Cells and Organics on Mars and Other Solar System Bodies
Authors: Enya Keigo , Yoshimura Yoshitaka , Kobayashi Kensei , Yamagishi Akihiko 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a review of the space exploration for life signature search with a special focus on the fluorescence microscope we developed for the life signature search on Mars and in other sites. Considering where, what, and how to search for life signature is essential. Life signature search exploration can be performed on the Mars surface and underground, on Venus’ cloud, moon, asteroids, icy bodies (e.g., moons of Jupiter and Saturn), and so on. It is a useful strategy to consider the targeted characteristics that may be similar to those of terrestrial microorganisms, which are microorganisms with uniform spherical or rod structures with approximately 1 μm diameter surrounded by a membrane having a metabolic activity and mainly made of carbon-based molecules. These characteristics can be analyzed by using a fluorescence microscope and a combination of fluorescence pigments with specific staining characteristics to distinguish the microorganism characteristics. Section 1 introduces the space exploration for life signature search. Section 2 reviews the scientific instruments and achievements of past and ongoing Mars exploration missions closely related to astrobiology. Section 3 presents the search targets and analysis of astrobiology. Section 4 discusses the extraterrestrial life exploration methods that use a microscope together with other methods (based on mass spectrometry, morphology, detection of growth, movement, and death, etc. for microscopic and macroscopic organism). Section 5 expounds on the life signature detection fluorescence microscope, for which we have manufactured a bread board model and tested for extraterrestrial life exploration.
Ses Fontanelles Shipwreck (Mallorca, Balearic Islands): An Exceptional Late Roman Vessel and Its Cargo
Authors: Munar Llabrés Sebastià , Cardell Jaume , de Juan Carlos , Cau Miguel Ángel , Bernal-Casasola Darío , Picornell Llorenç , García Riaza Enrique 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article summarises the results of the underwater rescue excavation of the shipwreck of Ses Fontanelles (Mallorca, Balearic Islands). The excavation documented the remains of a vessel, 12 m long and 5 m beam, loaded with two tiers of amphorae, which had set sail from the south-eastern Iberian Peninsula. The cargo includes numerous amphorae which were still sealed and bearing tituli picti, allowing for the analysis of their content. There is little doubt that the shipwreck of Ses Fontanelles is a key site for our understanding of third–fourth-century trade in the Western Mediterranean.
„Kidney biopsy codes for pathologists“
Authors: Leh Sabine , Dendooven Amélie 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungMedizinische Codierungssysteme erfüllen viele Aufgaben. Generell ermöglichen sie das Auffinden, die Annotation und die Analyse von Informationen. Für die histopathologische Beurteilung von medizinischen Nierenbiopsien gibt es kein dediziertes Codierungssystem. Das Ziel des Projekts Kidney Biopsy Codes for Pathologists (KBC) ist es, ein Codierungssystem für nichtneoplastische Nierenerkrankungen zu erstellen, das die Codierung jeder Diagnose oder/und jedes mikroskopischen Schadensmusters ermöglicht. In einem Expertenworkshop wurden die Prinzipien des KBC-Systems festgelegt. Auf der Grundlage von Fachwissen und Erfahrung sowie durch die Analyse von Fachtexten wurde eine Terminologie mit Synonymen und Parent-child(Ober‑/Unterbegriff)-Beziehungen festgelegt. Anschließend wurden eine projektinterne Überprüfungsrunde und ein zweiter Expertenworkshop durchgeführt. KBC besteht derzeit aus 576 aktiven Begriffen, von denen 168 zu einer kompakten und 408 zu einer detaillierten Codierungsgruppe gehören. Die KBC-Struktur ist multihierarchisch, mit einer Krankheitskonzeptachse und einer Schadensmusterachse sowie der Möglichkeit, zusätzliche Attribute anzugeben. Die Konzepte sind nach Nierenkompartimenten gruppiert. Ein umfassendes Codierungssystem für nichtneoplastische Nierenerkrankungen ist etabliert. Das KBC-Projekt strebt eine Zusammenarbeit mit SNOMED international an, um eine definierte Untergruppe in SNOMED CT zu erstellen. Kann KBC in ein bestehendes Rahmenwerk wie SNOMED CT integriert werden, würde dies Pflege und Administration gewährleisten und einen breiten, internationalen Reviewprozess erleichtern.
How public catering accelerates sustainability: a German case study
Authors: Speck Melanie , Wagner Lynn , Buchborn Felix , Steinmeier Fara , Friedrich Silke , Langen Nina 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPublic catering has become increasingly important in recent years. With increasing annual customers, the sector’s impact on the environment is also growing continuously. At the same time, public catering offers a lever to promote sustainable nutrition that has rarely been used so far. Small changes in kitchen practices and food offers can thus be multiplied into a significant positive impact on environmental challenges, such as climate change or loss of biodiversity due to the large number of servings. In contrast to private households, management decisions in public catering can influence the food-related environmental impact of thousands of customers. This article deals with the nationwide level of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and resource use in the German public catering segment “business” and its saving potentials by different scenarios of unsupported and supported recipe revision. In this paper, we define "unsupported" as the intuitive optimization of recipes by employees of public catering businesses. In contrast, “supported” approaches had to meet specific target goals, for example of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ernährung; engl. German Nutrition Society or the sustainable level. Specifically, we will test how (A) an unsupported recipe revision, (B) a recipe revision based on dietary recommendations and (C) a recipe revision using scientific guidance affect the environmental impact of a dish. As a methodological framework, an online survey of public catering companies was conducted as well as a scenario analysis at menu level and at nationwide level. The results are based on empirical data on the one hand, and on extrapolations on the other. The results show that the nationwide implementation of recipe revision according to scientific guidance—such as concrete target goals for the GHG emissions per serving—can save up to 44% of resource use in the German business catering sector (which corresponds to 3.4 million tons of resources per year) and as much as 40% of GHG emissions (0.6 million tons GHG emissions per year). Even in the scenario of unsupported recipe revision, GHG and resource savings of up to 20% can be realized. The results show that public catering can reduce its material and carbon footprint by 20% overnight. Moreover, the findings show indications for the sustainable transformation of public catering. Nevertheless, it must be noted that these are some first steps of the transformation, which will require further changes with even greater impacts and political activities.
Impact of accurate diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases on postoperative outcomes in lung cancer
Authors: Azuma Yoko , Sakamoto Susumu , Homma Sakae , Sano Atsushi , Sakai Takashi , Koezuka Satoshi , Otsuka Hajime , Tochigi Naobumi , Kishi Kazuma , Iyoda Akira 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
The prognostic impact of interstitial lung disease (ILD) subclassification based on both high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scan findings and histopathological findings is unknown.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 104 patients who were diagnosed with clinical ILD according to HRCT scan findings and who underwent lung cancer surgery. Via an expert multidisciplinary discussion, we re-classified HRCT scan findings and validated the histopathological patterns of ILDs in lung specimens.

Results
There were several mismatches between HRCT scan findings and histological patterns. Moreover, 87 (83.7%) and 6 (5.8%) patients were diagnosed with definitive ILD and pathological non-ILD, respectively. Finally, 82 patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs) were divided into the idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) (n = 61) group and the other group (n = 21). The 5-year overall survival rate of the IPF group was significantly lower than that of the other group (22.8% vs 67.9%; p = 0.011). Sub-classification of IIPs was found to be an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in patients with lung cancer.

Conclusion
An accurate diagnosis of IIPs/IPF according to both HRCT scan findings and histological patterns is important for providing an appropriate treatment among patients with lung cancer who presented with clinical ILD.
The Dutch judicial approach to various types of co-offending among members of Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs
Authors: van Deuren Sjoukje , Ballin Marianne F. H. Hirsch , Kleemans Edward R. , Blokland Arjan A. J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe Dutch criminal law system is based on individual liability, yet part of the crime and violence Outlaw Motorcycle Gang (OMCG) members commit is collective in nature. This study examines the criminal law approach towards collective criminal behavior of OMCG members. The study analyzes police files and court judgements of criminal law cases that were filed against members of Dutch OMCGs. Additionally, interviews were carried out with public prosecutors involved in these criminal cases. The results show that it is often difficult to legally address OMCGs as criminal organizations or weigh the mere symbolic contribution of fellow club members to crime, such as the use of the OMCGs’ violent reputation. Furthermore, the results suggest that in order to circumvent legal difficulties in addressing group symbolism and OMCGs as collectives via criminal law, the Dutch Public Prosecution Office has recently opted for a stronger interplay between criminal and civil law, targeting both individual OMCG members and the structural aspects of OMCGs. Future research is needed to establish which (interplays between) legal instruments are most effective in responding to collective criminal behavior.
Does music heal? Opera and the mood of people over 50 years of age
Authors: Kubińska Katarzyna , Michałowska Sylwia , Samochowiec Agnieszka 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe authors of this work, noticing that opera is a combination of music and theater, examined the relationship between listening to opera music and mood changes in people over 50 years of age. The study took the form of a quasi-experiment. Recipients were invited to the previously prepared room, where the audiovisual material – a recording of the opera “La Traviata” – was presented for the first time. This was preceded by the respondents completing the SUPIN C30 and S30 questionnaires and a short survey by the authors. After the presentation of the stimulus, the subjects again filled in the SUPIN S30 questionnaire scale and the GEMS scale. The described procedure was carried out twice, using two different music materials. The procedure remained unchanged, while the audiovisual material changed. The second time, the participants were presented with a recording from the opera “The Barber of Seville”. The participants of the study were 30 people. In the studied group, there are no significant changes in emotional states in response to the opera “La Traviata”. In turn, the opera “The Barber of Seville” has no effect on a positive emotional state. Instead, it caused a statistically significant change in the level of negative emotional states. The results of this study are largely consistent with the results of other studies examining the relationship between music and mood, but there are also limitations – only two pieces of opera music were used and no control group was included. Research has shown that opera, as a specific musical genre, despite its peculiar form, affects mood and emotions.