bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrathin P(NDI2OD‐T2) Films with High Electron Mobility in Both Bottom‐Gate and Top‐Gate Transistors
Authors: Steckmann Thomas , Angunawela Indunil , Kashani Somayeh , Zhu Youqin , Nahid Masrur M. , Ade Harald , Gadisa Abay 
Published: March 2022

AbstractUltrathin organic films (typically < 10 nm) attracted great attention due to their (semi)transparency and unique optoelectronic properties that benefit applications such as sensors and flexible electronics. At the core of that, achieving high mobility in an ultrathin film is essential for the efficient operation of relevant electronic devices. While the state‐of‐the‐art material systems, e.g., P(NDI2OD‐T2) also known as N2200 can achieve high mobility in a thin film (typically > 20 nm), multitudinous challenges remain in processing an ultrathin film exhibiting desired charge transport morphology within a preferred thickness limit. Here, high electron mobility (a tenfold increase compared to annealed spin‐coated films) is reported in both the top and bottom‐gate configuration organic field‐effect transistors comprising ultrathin N2200 films produced with a water‐floating film transfer method. A range of characterization techniques are used to investigate these ultrathin films and their microstructure, and conclude that favorable edge‐on polymer orientation at the top as well as throughout the ultrathin film thickness and the quality of π–π ordering as captured by the largest coherences length resulted in this high mobility in N2200 ultrathin films, in stark contrast to the commonly observed microstructural gradient in spin‐coated thin films. The results provide new insight into the electronic and microstructural properties of thin films of organic semiconductors.
Reciprocal Xp11.4p11.3 microdeletion/microduplication spanning USP9X, DDX3X, and CASK genes in two patients with syndromic intellectual disability
Authors: Catino Giorgia , Genovese Silvia , Di Tommaso Silvia , Orlando Valeria , Petti Maria Teresa , De Bernardi Margherita Lucia , Dallapiccola Bruno , Novelli Antonio , Ulgheri Lucia , Piscopo Carmelo , Alesi Viola 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOnly a few patients with deletions or duplications at Xp11.4, bridging USP9X, DDX3X, and CASK genes, have been described so far. Here, we report on a female harboring a de novo Xp11.4p11.3 deletion and a male with an overlapping duplication inherited from an unaffected mother, presenting with syndromic intellectual disability. We discuss the role of USP9X, DDX3X, and CASK genes in human development and describe the effects of Xp11.4 deletion and duplications in female and male patients, respectively.
Eine symmetriebasierte kinematische Theorie für das Design von Nanokristall‐Morphologien
Authors: Ni Bing , González‐Rubio Guillermo , Kirner Felizitas , Zhang Siyuan , Cölfen Helmut 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDas Wachstum von kristallinen Nanopartikeln (NP) umfasst im Allgemeinen drei Prozesse: Keimbildung, Wachstum und die Entwicklung der Form. Von diesen Prozessen ist die Formentwicklung trotz der Bedeutung der Morphologie für die Eigenschaften der NP am wenigsten verstanden. Hier beschreiben wir eine symmetriebasierte kinematische Theorie (SBKT) die auf klassischen Wachstumstheorien basiert, um den Prozess zu veranschaulichen. Auf Grundlage des Kristallgitters, der Keim‐ (oder Kern‐) Symmetrie und der bevorzugten Wachstumsrichtungen unter den experimentellen Bedingungen kann die SBKT die Wachstumstrajektorien veranschaulichen. Die Theorie erfüllt die konventionellen Kriterien der wichtigsten bestehenden Theorien für das Kristallwachstum und bietet Werkzeuge zum besseren Verständnis des Symmetriebrechens während des Wachstums anisotroper Strukturen. Darüber hinaus wird das komplexe dendritische Wachstum sowohl theoretisch als auch experimentell nachgewiesen. Damit bietet sie einen Ansatz zur Erklärung der Formentwicklung und erweitert die Vorhersage der Morphogenese auf Fälle, die von anderen Theorien nicht erfasst werden können.
Lifetime Multiplexing with Lanthanide Complexes for Luminescence In Situ Hybridisation
Authors: Jia Jianguo , Ren Peng , Hu Honghua , Sayyadi Nima , Parvin Farhana , Zheng Xianlin , Shi Bingyang , Piper James A. , Song Bo , Vickery Karen , Lu Yiqing 
Published: March 2022

AbstractInvited for this month's cover is the group of Yiqing Lu at Macquarie University, Sydney and colleagues at Dalian University of Technology. The cover picture shows photoluminescent sensing based on europium complexes emitting the same (red) colour but distinguishable lifetime (afterglow), which is attributed to a different coordination environment around the europium(3+) ion. More information can be found in the Research Article at 10.1002/anse.202100057.
Fabrication and characteristic of 3‐D porous thermoplastic polyurethane/deacetylated cellulose acetate composite foam with outstanding mechanical property and oil/water separation performance
Authors: Cui Zhixiang , Fan Yue , Liu Xiaolong , Si Junhui , Wang Qianting 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNowadays, the environmental problems caused by industrial oily wastewater and offshore oil leakage are becoming more and more serious. Here, the 3‐D porous polyurethane/deacetylated acetate cellulose (TPU/d‐CA) composite foam with outstanding mechanical property and oil/water separation performance was successfully prepared. The morphology, wettability, mechanical properties, and oil/water separation performances had been systematically studied. The results showed that TPU/d‐CA composite foam could be used as water and oil removing material, respectively, for a series of oil/water mixture only under gravity force, due to its lipophilicity and hydrophilicity. It has high‐separation flux, which can reach up to 43,000 L/m2·h and 85,000 L/m2·h for water and oil, respectively and all the separation efficiency exceeds 98%. It also can be used as adsorbent material to absorb various oils, and the absorption capacity for carbon tetrachloride reached up to 34 g/g. Moreover, it can selectively, rapidly, and continuously separate oil or water by assisted peristaltic pump. After 15 cycle times, its separation efficiency is still as high as 98%. It has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties and antifouling ability. These results indicated that 3‐D TPU/d‐CA composite foam has broadly application prospects in oil/water separation field.
Activity‐Based Fluorescent Probes for Sensing and Imaging of Reactive Carbonyl Species (RCSs)
Authors: Jana Anal , Baruah Mousumi , Samanta Animesh 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis review explains various strategies for developing fluorescent probes to detect reactive carbonyl species (RCS). There are several mono and diacarbonyls among 30 varieties of reactive carbonyl species (RCSs) so far discovered, which play pivotal roles in pathological processes such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular disease, renal failure, and diabetes mellitus. These RCSs play essential roles in maintaining ion channel regulation, cellular signaling pathways, and metabolisms. Among RCSs, carbon monoxide (CO) is also utilized for its cardioprotective, anti‐inflammatory, and anti‐apoptotic effects. Fluorescence‐based non‐invasive optical tools have come out as one of the promising methods for analyzing the concentrations and co‐localizations of these small metabolites. There has been a tremendous eruption in developing fluorescent probes for selective detection of specific RCSs within cellular and aqueous environments due to their high sensitivity, high spatial and temporal resolution of fluorescence imaging. Fluorescence‐based sensing mechanisms such as intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), photoinduced electron transfer (PeT), excited‐state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT), and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) are described. In particular, probes for dicarbonyls such as methylglyoxal (MGO), malondialdehyde (MDA), along with monocarbonyls that include formaldehyde (FA), carbon monoxide (CO) and phosgene are discussed. One of the most exciting advances in this review is the summary of fluorescent probes of dicarbonyl compounds.
KinesioTaping after botulinum toxin type A for cervical dystonia in adult patients
Authors: Dec‐Ćwiek Małgorzata , Porębska Karolina , Sawczyńska Katarzyna , Kubala Marcin , Witkowska Magdalena , Zmijewska Kinga , Antczak Jakub , Pera Joanna 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionStudies explored physiotherapeutic approaches in cervical dystonia (CD) patients with or without botulinum toxin (BoNT) injections, however the results are varying. There are no clinical trials investigating the effects of kinesiology taping in CD patients. The objective of this study is to investigate the efficacy of kinesiology taping as an adjunct to the BoNT injections in patients with CD.MethodsTwenty‐five patients were enrolled to the study. Patients were randomly assigned to the experimental 1 (BoNT + KinesioTaping), experimental 2 (BoNT + ShamTaping) or control (BoNT) treatment. After 12 weeks they were moved to the next experimental group and finally every patient received all 3 proposed treatment options. The severity of CD was quantified with the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS) including Torticollis severity, Disability, and Pain scales. Quality of life was evaluated using Craniocervical dystonia questionnaire (CDQ4).ResultsIn all treatment groups, there was a significant improvement in dystonia symptoms measured with TWSTRS (total score) after BoNT injection regardless of the allocation to the experimental treatment (p < .05). ANOVA analysis revealed no differences in any of the TWSTRS variables after the intervention. Quality of life was significantly improved after application of taping (p < .05, p = .03).ConclusionsApplication of KinesioTaping after BoNT injection provided no additional effect on the severity of dystonia, although the quality of life was improved in patients with CD. Further research investigating the effect of KinesioTaping prior to BoNT injection is required.
Exploring the facilitating and obstructing factors of using virtual reality for 5S training: An exploratory qualitative study from students' perspectives in an industrial engineering undergraduate course
Authors: Kwok Alex Pak Ki , Yan Mian , Deng Xin Hai , Chen Xiao Yu , Huang Ying Ting 
Published: March 2022

AbstractVirtual reality (VR) learning is still a new challenge in the e‐learning domain. This paper is one of the early studies bringing forward the concept of learning 5S principles (a core technique in Industrial Engineering) using VR and performed an exploratory qualitative study in an undergraduate course to discover factors that would facilitate or hinder students from accepting this idea—learning 5S principles using VR. Four factors and 14 subfactors were identified based on 47 valid responses. They were human attributes, human–machine interaction, technology characteristics, and training contents. The results should help teachers, schools, VR device manufacturers to understand the benefits and challenges of teaching 5S principles using VR.
Review and Meta‐Analysis: SARS‐CoV‐2 and Enveloped Virus Detection in Feces and Wastewater
Authors: Twigg Charlotte , Wenk Jannis 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDetection and quantification of viruses supplies key information on their spread and allows risk assessment for public health. In wastewater, existing detection methods have been focusing on non‐enveloped enteric viruses due to enveloped virus transmission, such as coronaviruses, by the fecal‐oral route being less likely. Since the beginning of the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic, interest and importance of enveloped virus detection in wastewater has increased. Here, quantitative studies on SARS‐CoV‐2 occurrence in feces and raw wastewater and other enveloped viruses via quantitative real‐time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) during the early stage of the pandemic until April 2021 are reviewed, including statistical evaluation of the positive detection rate and efficiency throughout the detection process involving concentration, extraction, and amplification stages. Optimized and aligned sampling protocols and concentration methods for enveloped viruses, along with SARS‐CoV‐2 surrogates, in wastewater environments may improve low and variable recovery rates providing increased detection efficiency and comparable data on viral load measured across different studies.
Wie Smart Maintenance durch die nächste Krise hilft
Authors: Heller Thomas , Gawlik Olivia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractUnvorhersehbare Katastrophen haben auch auf Industriebetriebe erhebliche Auswirkungen. Um mehr Resilienz zu erreichen und im Krisenfall resistenter zu sein, ist die umfassende Digitalisierung in einem Smart Maintenance‐Konzept ein möglicher weg.
Mit modularen Pumpen wirtschaftlicher arbeiten
Authors: Steinbach Cynthia , Zeiff Andreas 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTrotz der Vielfalt der zu pumpenden Stoffe in der Seifenfertigung reichen nur drei universell einsetzbare Förderpumpen und wenige Motorenmodelle aus. Der modulare Aufbau ermöglicht es, immer dem zu fördernden Gut gerecht zu werden. Wartungsaufwand, Ersatzteillager und nicht zuletzt der Verwaltungsaufwand reduzieren sich deutlich.
Development of energy evaluation system during manual operation using train simulator
Authors: Watanabe Shoichiro , Hasegawa Tomonori , Yamaguchi Daisuke , Oshitate Takashi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe electric railway is an environment‐friendly transportation system. An energy‐saving operation with a low cost and high energy‐saving efficiency is often considered to further decrease energy consumption. An Automatic Train Operation (ATO) system has the advantage of energy‐saving because a train can be controlled by an on‐board computer. However, many railway lines are still being operated by drivers and controlled via manual operation in addition, energy managements often become difficult for drivers and operators. Therefore, a study of energy‐saving manual operation is desired. Energy verification of a manual operation is difficult because an adequate experiment has several constraints and trial periods are limited. Moreover, it requires a considerable amount of time and effort. In this study, an energy evaluation system is developed to calculate the energy consumed by a train when a driver manually operates it through adding an advanced calculation device to a conventional railway simulator. Consequently, the evaluation system contributes to carry out simple experiments with a short duration.
Renal effects of guideline‐directed medical therapies in heart failure: a consensus document from the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology
Authors: Mullens Wilfried , Martens Pieter , Testani Jeffrey M. , Tang W.H. Wilson , Skouri Hadi , Verbrugge Frederik H. , Fudim Marat , Iacoviello Massimo , Franke Jennifer , Flammer Andreas J. , Palazzuoli Alberto , Barragan Paola Morejon , Thum Thomas , Marcos Marta Cobo , Miró Òscar , Rossignol Patrick , Metra Marco , Lassus Johan , Orso Francesco , Jankowska Ewa A. , Chioncel Ovidiu , Milicic Davor , Hill Loreena , Seferovic Petar , Rosano Giuseppe , Coats Andrew , Damman Kevin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNovel pharmacologic treatment options reduce mortality and morbidity in a cost‐effective manner in patients with heart failure (HF). Undisputedly, the effective implementation of these agents is an essential element of good clinical practice, which is endorsed by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines on acute and chronic HF. Yet, physicians struggle to implement these therapies as they have to balance the true and/or perceived risks versus their substantial benefits in clinical practice. Any worsening of biomarkers of renal function is often perceived as being disadvantageous and is in clinical practice one of the most common reasons for ineffective drug implementation. However, even in this context, they clearly reduce mortality and morbidity in HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) patients, even in patients with poor renal function. Furthermore these agents are also beneficial in HF with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF) and sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors more recently demonstrated a beneficial effect in HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The emerge of several new classes (angiotensin receptor–neprilysin inhibitor [ARNI], SGLT2 inhibitors, vericiguat, omecamtiv mecarbil) and the recommendation by the 2021 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic HF of early initiation and titration of quadruple disease‐modifying therapies (ARNI/angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor + beta‐blocker + mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist and SGLT2 inhibitor) in HFrEF increases the likelihood of treatment‐induced changes in renal function. This may be (incorrectly) perceived as deleterious, resulting in inertia of starting and uptitrating these lifesaving therapies. Therefore, the objective of this consensus document is to provide advice of the effect HF drugs on renal function.
Gene fusions in gastrointestinal tract cancers
Authors: Rahi Hamed , Olave Maria C. , Fritchie Karen J. , Greipp Patricia T. , Halling Kevin C. , Kipp Benjamin R. , Graham Rondell P. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFusion genes have been identified in a wide array of human neoplasms including hematologic and solid tumors, including gastrointestinal tract neoplasia. A fusion gene is the product of parts of two genes that are joined together following a deletion, translocation, or chromosomal inversion. Together with single nucleotide variants, insertions, deletions, and amplification, fusion genes represent one of the key genomic mechanisms for tumor development. Detecting fusions in the clinic is accomplished by a variety of techniques including break‐apart fluorescence in situ hybridization, reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction, and next‐generation sequencing. Some recurrent gene fusions have been successfully targeted by small molecule or monoclonal antibody therapies (ie targeted therapies), while others are used as biomarkers for diagnostic and prognostic purposes. The purpose of this review article is to discuss the clinical utility of detection of gene fusions in carcinomas and neoplasms arising primarily in the digestive system.
Experimental study of convective heat transfer coefficient for pulsed fluidized bed using microcapsule phase change material
Authors: Keshavarz Mahmood , Assari Mohammad Reza , Basirat Tabrizi Hassan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe convective heat transfer coefficient in a pulsating cylindrical fluidized bed using microcapsule particle‐phase change material (MPCM) was examined experimentally. A solenoid on and off valve was used to provide the pulsation and was varied from 1 to 10 Hz. The test section in the bed was loaded with granular microparticle‐phase change material (MPCM) with an average diameter of 200 µm. The pulsation effect on the thermal field, thermal storage, and heat transfer coefficient was investigated for 1.5, 2, and 2.5 of minimum fluidization velocity. Results indicated that the amplitude of the oscillation decreases with increasing in pulsation frequency. An increase in heat transfer rate was shown to be related to the superficial velocity. The maximum performance was obtained for the frequency of 7 Hz at the velocity ratio of 2.5. The convective heat transfer increased by 17% for frequency pulsation of 7 Hz. Furthermore, the Duty cycle (η) is defined as the ratio of turn‐on duration to the total turn‐on and off duration for entering airflow to the solenoid valve. It was shown that the η > 0.4 led to better mixing and higher heat transfer. However, the pulsation effect was shown to disappear for the duty cycle of higher than 0.8. Comparison with the available experimental data of others for continuous flow was in good agreement.
Cranberry proanthocyanidins composite electrospun nanofibers as a potential alternative for bacterial entrapment applications
Authors: Urena‐Saborio Hilary , Alfaro‐Viquez Emilia , Esquivel‐Alvarado Daniel , Madrigal‐Carballo Sergio , Krueger Christian G. , Reed Jess D. , Gunasekaran Sundaram 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe interaction between A‐type interflavan bonds from cranberry proanthocyanidins (PAC) and surface virulence factors of extra‐intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) was studied. Electrospun nanofibers (ESNF) were fabricated using PAC and polycaprolactone (PCL) solutions and their physical and chemical properties were characterized. The ability of PAC:PCL composite ESNF to interact with and entrap ExPEC strain 5011 (ExPEC‐5011) was evaluated in vitro by plate culturing and when formulated as a biofilter and nanocoating. As a biofilter, the PAC:PCL ESNF exhibited a dose‐dependent ability to entrap ExPEC‐5011. Images from scanning electron and fluorescent microscopies revealed that ESNF sections with higher amounts of PAC led to higher bacterial entrapment. The effectiveness PAC:PCL ESNF to bind ExPEC when applied as a nanocoating was studied using ESNF‐coated polyvinyl chloride intermittent catheter. Results indicate that ExPEC‐5011 was entrapped well into the PAC:PCL ESNF coating on the catheter. Overall, our results suggest that incorporating the biomolecule PAC in ESNF is a potential means for applications requiring bacterial entrapment, such as biofunctionalization, biofiltration, and surface coating, among others.
Involvement of NF‐κB/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in the protective effect of prunetin against a diethylnitrosamine induced hepatocellular carcinogenesis in rats
Authors: Li Guanghua , Qi Li , Chen Hui , Tian Gendong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPrunetin (PRU) is an O‐methylated flavonoid that is present in various natural plants and a primary significant compound found in isoflavone. Liver cancer creates major carcinogenic death despite recently advanced therapies. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment and prognosis are better in people with secure liver function. In the present study, we evaluated the action of PRU on diethylnitrosamine (DEN) alone HCC in a rat model through inflammation‐mediated cell proliferative phosphoinositide 3‐kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) pathway analysis. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups of six rats each. Group I, normal rats; Group II, DEN alone; Group III, DEN + PRU, and Group IV, PRU‐alone. All groups of rats carried out hepatic cancer development by hypothesis antioxidant, biochemical, cell proliferative, apoptosis, cytokines protein, and gene expression status profiles. In tumor incidence DEN + PRU, 100% delayed the tumor growth disappearance of the lesion, and reversal of normal liver architecture was observed. Liver marker enzymes levels decreased when antioxidant levels (superoxidase dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase) were in Group III. Proinflammatory markers nuclear factor‐κB, interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐1β, and tumor necrosis factor α, were elevated in the rat's serum in Group III. Cell proliferative markers proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Cyclin‐D1 protein expressions were downregulated; in contrast, Bcl‐2, Bax, caspase‐3, and caspase‐9 gene expressions were upregulated and then it followed that protein expression of PI3K/AKT was downregulated in PRU‐treated groups. PRU assisted reversal of liver damage, antioxidant enzyme restoration cytokine balance, protein, and gene expression to control levels. Taken together, PRU improves functions of the liver, and as such prevents HCC. PRU can be used together with chemopreventives for HCC.