bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bidirectional association between functional disability and multimorbidity among middle-aged and older adults in Thailand
Authors: Pengpid Supa , Peltzer Karl , Anantanasuwong Dararatt 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to assess the bidirectional association between multimorbidity (MM) and functional disability among middle-aged and older adults in a longitudinal study in Thailand.MethodsWe analyzed longitudinal data of participants aged 45 years and older from two consecutive waves (in 2015 and 2017) of the Health, Aging, and Retirement in Thailand (HART). Functional disability was assessed with a 4-item activity of daily living (ADL) scale. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the association between baseline functional disability and incident MM (≥2), and baseline morbidity and incident functional disability.ResultsThe results indicate that a total of 1,716 individuals without morbidity at baseline and 3,529 without functional disability at baseline were included. At follow-up, 16.7 and 20.0% of functional disability cases and 7.1 and 3.6% of nonfunctional disability cases developed 2 morbidities and 3 or more morbidities, respectively, and 6.6% of MM cases and 4.0% of non-MM cases developed a functional disability. In the final logistic regression model adjusted for education, income, age, marital status, sex, smoking tobacco, body mass index (BMI), alcohol use, physical activity, and social engagement, functional disability at baseline was positively associated with incident MM (≥2) (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.58, 95% CI: 1.42–4.72), and MM (≥3) at baseline was positively associated with incident functional disability (aOR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.13–3.43).ConclusionMultimorbidity and functional disability were bidirectionally associated.
Customary land governance dynamics and its implications for shea tenure and ecology in selected peri-urban communities in Ghana
Authors: Kuusaana Elias Danyi 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionThe shea ecosystem provides critical ecosystem services. However, rapid peri-urbanization threatens the governance of peri-land and shea tree resources and poses multiple risks to urban and peri-urban households. Yet, studies on tree tenure in Ghana have focused on cocoa though shea possesses similar economic prospects. This study examines the customary land tenure systems in the Wa Municipality and their impacts on land and shea through a governance lens.MethodsThis study was purely qualitative and relied on data from focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with 64 purposely selected participants. To enable the retelling of the participants' stories, the data was first coded, thematised, and analyzed using NVivo 10 software.ResultsThe results show that land and shea rights have been decoupled in peri-urban areas, and the grant of land for farming or housing is sequestered from the right to access and use shea trees without authorization. In view of this, urban usufructs cut shea trees to communicate their opposition to land transactions. Due to the fluidity of customary tenure, some family heads are redefining usufruct entitlements to land and counterclaiming the land and shea trees. In addition, the lack of incentives for smallholders to plant and manage shea trees inhibits shea governance and sustainability.DiscussionThis is exacerbated by the widespread tenure insecurity over land and investments in shea trees. Under family land jurisdictions, family heads must involve usufructs in all the processes of land transactions and assign them a clear mandate and entitlements in customary land administration to facilitate efficient land and shea governance.
Analysis of Load Transfer and the Law of Deformation within a Pile-Supported Reinforced Embankment
Authors: Zhang Da , Yang Guangqing , Wang Xin , Wang Zhijie , Wang He 
Published: December 2022

In this paper, the load-transfer mechanism and settlement behaviors of the pile-supported reinforced embankment are reviewed by laboratory model tests, and a series of finite element method (FEM) modellings are conducted to analyze the soil-arching geometry and embankment deformation patterns of the pile-supported reinforced embankment. The results show that: the embankment load distribution is significantly impacted by the filling cohesion because of the effect of cohesion on the interaction between particles. The soil pressure difference between the center and corner of the pile caps decreases with the increase of filling cohesion. The pile-subsoil stress ratio decreases with the increase of filling cohesion. The embankment deformation behavior and soil-arching geometry are less affected by the change in filling cohesion compared with the influence of pile spacing. That may because of the fact that although the cohesion of the embankment filling has been increased, the granular material’s properties have not been fundamentally changed. Pile-subsoil different settlement decreases with the increase of embankment filling cohesion, and the different settlement at the mid-span between four piles decreases by 4.09% and 6.34%, respectively, as filling cohesion increases from 0 kPa to 11 kPa and 25 kPa. The height of the soil-arching crown decreases with the increase of filling cohesion, and the height of the soil-arching crown between horizontal adjacent piles decreases by 3.85%, 7.69%, and 9.62%, as filling cohesion increases from 5 kPa to 15 kPa, 25 kPa and 45 kPa. The rate of decrease in soil-arching height gradually decreases with increasing cohesion. The height of the soil-arching between the horizontal adjacent piles is about 1.0 (s−a). The height of soil arching between the diagonal adjacent piles is about 1.02 (s−a). The differential settlement at the same height inside the embankment decreases with the increase of filling cohesion, and the height of the equal settlement plane is basically the same as the height of soil arching.
Microbiological Quality and Safety of Traditional Raw Milk Cheeses Manufactured on a Small Scale by Polish Dairy Farms
Authors: Stefanou Constantine-Richard , Bartodziejska Beata , Gajewska Magdalena , Szosland-Fałtyn Anna 
Published: December 2022

Polish raw milk artisanal cheese may pose a threat to consumer safety due to pathogen presence. The aim of this study was to assess the microbiological safety, quality and physicochemical composition of cow’s and goat’s milk fresh cheeses produced by farmers on a small scale. A total of 62 samples of six cheese types were analyzed for Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp., lactic acid bacteria and coliform presence and concentration levels. The physicochemical analysis estimated energy, water, protein, fat, carbohydrate, ash and salt content. The cheeses were also tested for heavy metal contamination. Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. were not detected in any of the samples. Coliforms were present in all the goat’s milk cheeses and only in two of the cow’s milk cheeses. Low levels of cadmium, below 0.008 ppm, were detected in three of the cows’ milk samples. The raw milk cheeses studied were free of the pathogens examined and were of high nutritional value.
Mitigation of Powdery Mildew Disease by Integrating Biocontrol Agents and Shikimic Acid with Modulation of Antioxidant Defense System, Anatomical Characterization, and Improvement of Squash Plant Productivity
Authors: Reyad Nour El-Houda A. , Azoz Samah N. , Ali Ayat M. , Sayed Eman G. 
Published: December 2022

Squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) is a globally important vegetable, the production of which is severely constrained by powdery mildew caused by Podosphaera xanthii. In this study, we examined the effects of Trichoderma asperellum (MW965676), Streptomyces rochei (MN700192), and a mixture of the two foliar sprays with or without shikimic acid seed priming treatment on powdery mildew severity, plant growth, and total yield during the 2020–2021 and 2021–2022 growing seasons. We also studied their immune eliciting properties by examining their enzymatic, phenolic, and hormonal functions. The combination of Trichoderma asperellum, Streptomyces rochei, and shikimic acid triggered plant defense responses, which elicited enzyme activities such as peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT), phenolic compound accumulation, and increased salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) content. This approach yielded high-quality results in the control of powdery mildew during the two growing seasons under greenhouse conditions. Additionally, relatively large statistical differences in plant growth, total yield, mineral components, and physiological traits were observed. A GC–MS analysis of Trichoderma asperellum (MW965676) showed hemin cation as a major component, while Streptomyces rochei (MN700192) contained 2,4-di-tert-butyl phenol and the hexadecenoic acid methyl ester. With respect to the morphological changes induced by powdery mildew and the treatments, plants treated with a mixture of Trichoderma asperellum, Streptomyces rochei and shikimic acid showed an improvement in the thickness of the midvein, increased dimensions of the main midvein bundle, a larger number of xylem rows in the main midvein bundle, greater mean diameters of vessels and of parenchyma cells in the ground tissues, as well as increased thickness of the upper and lower epidermis, lamina, palisade tissue and spongy tissue. This extensive, new study is the first step toward a more profound understanding of the use of Trichoderma asperellum and Streptomyces rochei with shikimic acid-primed seeds as a potential alternative technique for attenuating powdery mildew infection in squash.
DNA Methylation Variation Is a Possible Mechanism in the Response of Haemaphysalis longicornis to Low-Temperature Stress
Authors: Nwanade Chuks Fidelis , Wang Zihao , Bai Ruwei , Wang Ruotong , Zhang Tianai , Liu Jingze , Yu Zhijun 
Published: December 2022

Ticks are notorious ectoparasites and transmit the greatest variety of pathogens than any other arthropods. Cold tolerance is a key determinant of tick abundance and distribution. While studies have shown that DNA methylation is one of the important epigenetic regulations found across many species and plays a significant role in their response to low-temperature stress, its role in the response of ticks to low-temperature stress remains unexplored. Herein, we explored the DNA methylation profile of the tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis, exposed to low-temperature stress (4 °C) using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS). We found that approximately 0.95% and 0.94% of the genomic C sites were methylated in the control and low-temperature groups, respectively. Moreover, the methylation level under the CG context was about 3.86% and 3.85% in the control and low-temperature groups, respectively. In addition, a total of 6087 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified between the low-temperature and control groups, including 3288 hypermethylated and 2799 hypomethylated DMRs. Further, Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis of differentially methylated genes revealed that most of the DMGs were significantly enriched in binding and RNA transport pathways. Taken together, this research confirmed, for the first time, the whole genome DNA methylation profile of H. longicornis and provided new insights into the DNA methylation changes relating to low-temperature stress in H. longicornis, as well as provided a foundation for future studies on the epigenetic mechanism underlying the responses of ticks to abiotic stress.
Detection of Trematodes from the Host Exotic Aquatic Snail Melanoides tuberculata in an Urban Stormwater System
Authors: Post Jason M. , Reasch Rachael J. , Bailey Emily S. 
Published: December 2022

The red-rimmed melania or Malaysian Trumpet Snail, Melanoides tuberculata, is a common exotic freshwater snail that has been invading an increasing number of water bodies in North America. As a well-known host for trematodes causing human and animal diseases, the pattern of invasion and parasitic infection for this species is of great concern. Snail specimens were collected from an urban stream in Los Angeles that drains into a fragile, protected wetland ecosystem. Molecular analysis identified four trematode species: Haplorchis pumilio, Fasciola jacksoni, Parorchis sp. TH-2019, and an unclassified trematode species, Trematoda distomecercaria WN-2016. H. pumilio is responsible for haplorchiasis infections, previously considered endemic to Asia. F. jacksoni infection is a significant cause of mortality in Asian elephants. This study represents the first occurrence of F. jacksoni in North America and a novel occurrence of that trematode in association with M. tuberculata. This study also represents new occurrences of Parorchis sp. TH-2019 and an unclassified trematode species, Trematoda distomecercaria WN-2016, within California and North America. Parorchis sp. TH-2019 has previously only been documented in a marine whelk. This identification of these trematodes in association with M. tuberculata further exemplifies the need for ongoing monitoring and detection, especially considering the significance of H. pumilio and haplorchiasis to public health.
Gout Prevalence, Practice Patterns, and Associations with Outcomes in North American Dialysis Patients
Authors: Guedes Murilo , Zhao Junhui , LaMoreaux Brian , Marder Brad , Gorlitsky Barry , Domingues Vinicius , Rivara Matthew B. , Lew Susie , Robinson Bruce , Pecoits-Filho Roberto , Karaboyas Angelo ,   on behalf of the DOPPS7 Country Investigators*
Published: December 2022

Key Points

Gout is a common inflammatory arthropathy, and it can be as frequent in patients with ESKD as in the general adult population.Patient outcomes and providers' practice patterns for ESKD patients with gout are unknown. We sought to address these gaps in this study.We found that gout is not associated with worse clinical or patient-reported outcomes, despite being frequent and possibly under-reported.

Introduction
Gout occurs frequently in patients with kidney disease and can lead to a significant burden on quality of life. Gout prevalence, and its association with outcomes in hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) populations located in North America, is unknown.

Methods
We used data from North America cohorts of 70,297 HD patients (DOPPS, 2012–2020) and 5117 PD patients (PDOPPS, 2014–2020). We used three definitions of gout for this analysis: (1) having an active prescription for colchicine or febuxostat; (2) having an active prescription for colchicine, febuxostat, or allopurinol; or (3) having an active prescription for colchicine, febuxostat, or allopurinol, or prior diagnosis of gout. Propensity score matching was used to compare outcomes among patients with versus without gout. Outcomes included erythropoietin resistance index (ERI=erythropoiesis stimulating agent dose per week/(hemoglobin×weight)), all-cause mortality, hospitalization, and patient-reported outcomes (PROs).

Results
The gout prevalence was 13% in HD and 21% in PD; it was highest among incident dialysis patients. Description of previous history of gout was rare, and identification of gout defined by colchicine (2%–3%) or febuxostat (1%) prescription was less frequent than by allopurinol (9%–12%). Both HD and PD patients with gout (versus no gout) were older, were more likely male, had higher body mass index, and had higher prevalence of cardiovascular comorbidities. About half of patients with a gout history were prescribed urate-lowering therapy. After propensity score matching, mean ERI was 3%–6% higher for gout versus non-gout patients while there was minimal evidence of association with clinical outcomes or PROs.

Conclusion
In a large cohort of PD and HD patients in North America, we found that gout occurs frequently and is likely under-reported. Gout was not associated with adverse clinical or PROs.
Pengembangan Buku Saku Relasi dan Fungsi Berbasis CTL
Authors: Agustine Putri Cahyani , Iis Juniati Lathiifah  
Published: December 2022

Peserta didik pada usia remaja seringkali mengeluh dengan buku yang terlalu besar untuk dibaca. Sementara hasil penelitian didapat bahwa pembelajaran dengan pendekatan kontekstual dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis peserta didik. Sehingga penelitian dilakukan untuk menghasilkan sebuah buku saku CTL (Contextual Teaching and Learning) materi relasi dan fungsi yang valid dan praktis. Penelitian dilakukan pada peserta didik kelas X salah satu MAN di Pangkalpinang pada semester ganjil tahun pelajaran 2021/2022. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan atau development research yang terdiri dua tahap yaitu tahap preliminary yang meliputi persiapan dan desain kemudian formative evaluation yang meliputi self evaluation, expert reviews, one-to-one, small group, dan field test. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa buku saku yang dikembangkan sudah seusai dengan pembelajaran CTL dengan rata-rata tiap kategori sebagai berikut; kategori konten bernilai 4 dengan kriteria sangat valid, kategori konstruk bernilai 3,88 dengan kriteria sangat valid, dan kategori bahasa bernilai 3,33 dengan kriteria valid. Sehingga rerata hasil validasi didapat nilai 3,73 dan buku saku dinyatakan valid. Berdasarkan hasil penerapan pada siswa kelas X didapat bahwa buku saku yang dikembangkan praktis dan sangat baik digunakan untuk siswa SMA serta mempunyai efek potensial terhadap kemampuan siswa dalam memecahkan masalah kontekstual dilihat dari sikap, pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang secara umum dikategorikan baik.
Analisis Kemampuan Literasi Matematis Siswa dalam Online Learning pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Desrina Hardianti  , Dwi Desmayanasari  
Published: December 2022

The aim of this research is to analyze students' mathematical literacy skills in online learning during the covid-19 pandemic. Data were collected through test of mathematical literacy. The test instrument is based on indicators of mathematical literacy ability and has fulfilled the criteria of validity and reliability. The data was analyzed descriptively. This study involved 68 seventh grade students at a state junior high school in Lampung. The research subject were determined purposively by considering the teacher's suggestions and initial analysis. The results showed that students' mathematical literacy skills in online learning were still low, which was indicated by the average score of the students' mathematical literacy ability test, which was 46.46 and the number of students who had scores below the average of 67.64%. Meanwhile, the percentage of achievement on each indicator is also still low. The answers given by students showed that, as many as 89,07% of students still had difficulty in choosing and comparing strategies to obtain solutions, 64,06% of students had difficulty in using reasoning to relate the information obtained from a problem with the concepts they already had, and as many as 78,12% of students have difficulty in using or manipulating formulas or procedures in solving contextual problems. Given how important mathematical literacy skills are, a teacher must be able to design lessons so that they can help students develop mathematical literacy skills.
INTERVENSI REBT (RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOR THERAPY) GUNA PEMULIHAN DIRI KORBAN KEKERASAN SEKSUAL TERHADAP KUALITAS HIDUP HIDUP REMAJA PUTRI DI KABUPATEN GUNUNGKIDUL
Authors: Astuti Tutik , Nugrahaningtyas Jacoba , Okinarum Giyawati Yulilania 
Published: December 2022

Rentannya kasus kekerasan seksual mewarnai Kabupaten Gunungkidul sepanjang awal tahun 2020. Berdasarkan data dari DP3AKBPMD (Dinas Pemberdayaan Anak Keluarga Berencana Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Desa, total 145 kasus dilaporkan pada tahu 2020. Factor pemicu terjadinya kekerasan seksual pada umumnya budaya patriarkhi, tidak ada pemahaman terhadap undang – Undang perlindungan anak dan hak anak, posisi anak dalam keluarga yang direndahkan dan anak tidak mengetahui tentang kekerasan seksual sera pengaruh kemajuan informasi dan tehnologi. Dampak secara umum korban adalah anak mudah curiga atau takut bertemu dengan orang asing yang belum dikenalnya, anak menjadi tertutup, bicara pelan, apatis atau anak bisa mengalami gangguan fisik seperti gejala keputihan atau keluar cairan berbau, bahkan anak merasa malu atau minder, anak mudah marah dan mengalami Stockholm syndrome.Tujuan: untuk kelompok intervensi yang mendapatkan therapy REBT dan dikontrol dengan pemberian konseling biasa, juga untuk mengetahui peningkatan kualitas hidup remaja putri yang telah dilakukan REBT di kabupaten Gunungkidul. Metode Penelitian : yang digunakan kuanlitatif menggunakan pretest-posttest control group design sementara untuk penelitian kualitatif menggunakan strategi case study. Pengambilan sampel kuantitatif dilakukan secara acak dengan blok permutasi, sedangkan untuk sampel kualitatif menggunakan tehnik indep interviuw. Kelompok intervensi mendapatkan therapy REBT dan dikontrol dengan pemberian konseling. Subjek penelitian adalah remaja putri korban kekerasan seksual di Kabupaten Gunungkidul sebanyak 4 informan yang berasal dari DP3AKBPMB. Hasil : Penelitian REBT (Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy) guna pemulihan diri korban kekerasan seksual terhadap kualitas hidup remaja putri di Kabupaten Gunungkidul. Informan kunci dalam penelitian ini adalah remaja putri yang mengalami kekerasan seksual sejumlah 4 orang (A1 – A4). Informan utama dalam penelitian ini adalah keluarga atau anggota keluarga remaja putri korban kekerasan seksual sejumlah 4 orang (B1 – B4). Informan pendukung dalam penelitian ini adalah seorang psikolog klinis yang memberikan layanan konseling pada korban kekerasan seksual remaja putri sejumlah 1 orang (C1). Kesimpulan : Pada kasus kekerasan seksual pada remaja ini menimbulkan trauma psikologis pada korban, sehingga perlu pendampingan penyedia layanan serta peningkatan kesadaran keluarga dan masyarakat
KANDUNGAN PROXIMAT DAN SERAT KASAR ABON JAMUR TIRAM SEBAGAI PENGEMBANGAN PRODUK PANGAN
Authors: Nurzihan Nastitie Cinintya , Permatasari Oktavina , Sholihah Inayatush 
Published: December 2022

Latar belakang: Tahun 2018, rata-rata tingkat konsumsi jamur di Indonesia mencapai 0,18 kg per kapita per taun. Jamur tiram tersebut diyakini memiliki rasa yang hampir sama dengan daging ayam dan memiliki kandungan serat pangan yang tinggi sehingga baik untuk kesehatan organ pencernaan. Abon merupakan produk olahan yang relatif bertahan lama. Salah satu bahan nabati yang mudah untuk dibuat abon adalah jamur tiram, selain itu jamur merupakan makanan dengan gizi baik dan seimbang. Diversifikasi produk dari jamur tiram perlu dilakukan sebagai pengembangan produk pangan. Pengolahan jamur tiram menjadi abon merupakan produk baru dengan proses dan tampilan abon jamur yang belum ada sebelumnya dan penting diperhatikan guna meningkatkan konsumsi jamur tiram. Tujuan: penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan proksimat dan serat kasar pada abon jamur tiram sebagai pengembangan produk pangan. Metode: penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional laboratory melalui analisis zat gizi (proksimat dan serta kasar) dengan 2 metode perlakukan yaitu metode dengan pengepresan dan tanpa pengepresan. Data dianalisis dengan uji independent t-test. Hasil: ada perbedaan kadar air, protein dan karbohidrat pada abon jamur tiram dengan 2 perlakuan (p<0.05) sedangankan untuk kadar abu, kadar lemak dan serat kasar tidak memiliki perbedaan. Kesimpulan: Pengembangan produk abon jamur tiram sesuai dengan syarat standar dari abon