bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linking ethical leadership and behavioral outcomes through workplace spirituality: a study on Indian hotel industry
Authors: Srivastava Shalini , Madan Poornima 
Published: March 2022

Purpose
This study aims to understand and examine the mediating role of workplace spirituality on ethical leadership and behavioral outcomes. The study used the social exchange theory and social learning theory to study the underlying mechanism.

Design/methodology/approach
The data was collected from 348 frontline hotel employees of North India using convenience sampling. The study used structural equation modeling and Macro PROCESS Hayes (2017) to test the hypothesized model.

Findings
The study found a positive association between ethical leadership and organizational citizenship behavior and a negative association between ethical leadership and unethical pro-organizational behavior. Workplace spirituality mediated the relationship between ethical leadership and its outcomes.

Practical implications
The study brings out the significance of ethical leadership and workplace spirituality in enhancing organizational citizenship behavior and reducing unethical pro-organizational behavior.

Originality/value
There is a paucity of research done on the mediating role of workplace spirituality in understanding its significance in aligning ethical leadership and behavioral outcomes. Hence, the authors attempt to address this gap by understanding the role of workplace spirituality and its association with ethical leadership, unethical pro-organizational behavior and organizational citizenship behavior among the employees of the hotel industry.
Association of the rs4143815 polymorphism of PDL1 gene with HTLV‐1 infection and proviral load in asymptomatic blood donors in northeast Iran
Authors: Hezave Yalda Amiri , Sharifi Zohreh , Kermani Fahime Ranjbar , Shahabi Majide 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIt is obvious that genetic differences, including mutations and polymorphisms, can play an important role in viral infections. In this case–control study, which included 81 human T‐cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV‐1) asymptomatic carriers (AC) and 162 healthy controls (HC), the rs4143815 polymorphism of PDL1 gene was investigated. This polymorphism is the site of miR‐570 binding and it can influence immune system responses. The rs4143815 polymorphism was evaluated by allele‐specific polymerase chain reaction (AS‐PCR) and the proviral load levels by quantitative real‐time PCR (q PCR). The results demonstrated that the C allele (P = 0.027) and the CC genotype (P = 0.031) of rs4143815 polymorphism was significantly higher in the AC group than in the HC group, also the proviral load in the AC group with the C allele (P = 0.020) was significantly higher. Thus, the rs4143815 polymorphism can play a vital role in HTLV‐1 infection
Development of the Student Practice Evaluation Form – Revised (Second Edition) (SPEF‐R2): The second action research cycle
Authors: Caine Anne‐Maree , Herd Chris , Copley Jodie , Turpin Merrill , Fleming Jennifer 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe Student Practice Evaluation Form – Revised Edition (SPEF‐R) was used across Australian universities from 2008 to 2020 to assess occupational therapy student performance on practice placement. Evolution of practice contexts, placement models and professional competency standards prompted updating of the tool. This paper describes the second and final action research cycle in the development of the SPEF‐R2.MethodsCycle 2 included three phases: (a) piloting of the SPEF‐R2 and post‐pilot survey to determine utility and applicability; (b) post‐pilot focus groups/interviews; and (c) final amendments for publication and launch. Quantitative data were summarised descriptively, and qualitative data were analysed using qualitative content analysis and reported using illustrative quotes.ResultsIn Phase 1, 23 participants piloted the SPEF‐R2 and completed a post‐pilot survey. Results indicated participants found the SPEF‐R2 relevant to a range of traditional and contemporary settings, easy to understand and an improvement over the previous version of the tool. Most participants found it more concise and less repetitive than the SPEF‐R. Participants particularly valued additions regarding culturally responsive practice, student health and well‐being and reflective practice. In Phase 2, five post‐pilot focus groups/interviews were held, gathering a deeper understanding of its utility. Discussion highlighted desire for an additional core item within the self‐management domain (Domain Two). Increased confidence in rating and provision of feedback on student performance were also evident. Reflection on findings led to final amendments and publication of the SPEF‐R2.ConclusionExtensive consultation with the occupational therapy community informed the development of the SPEF‐R2, reflecting contemporary practice and meeting the expectations of Australian occupational therapists. Action research was an effective approach to the development of the SPEF‐R2. Use of the manual and training website and support from universities are paramount if practice educators are to use the tool effectively.
Right‐wing ideological constraint and vaccine refusal: The case of the COVID‐19 vaccine in Norway
Authors: Wollebæk Dag , Fladmoe Audun , Steen‐Johnsen Kari , Ihlen Øyvind 
Published: March 2022

AbstractResearch has shown a correlation between votes for populist parties and the belief that vaccines are not important or effective. More recent investigations in the United States and France have similarly shown that attitudes toward the COVID‐19 vaccine have been politicized. In this article, we show a similar pattern analyzing survey data from Norway, a country relatively mildly hit by the pandemic and characterized by high trust and a consensual political culture. We find that refusal to vaccinate is associated with right‐wing ideological constraint, even when considering a wide array of control variables (e.g., lack of confidence, complacency), and sociodemographic characteristics. The results imply that vaccine refusal latch onto established political cleavages, particularly among the most ideologically consistent. Thus, polarization in the form of increasing ideological constraint may represent a mounting challenge for vaccine uptake, suggesting that vaccine communication should go beyond “explaining the science” and factor in ideology.
Assessing Human Information Processing in Lending Decisions: A Machine Learning Approach
Authors: LIU MIAO 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTEffective financial reporting requires efficient information processing. This paper studies factors that determine efficient information processing. I exploit a unique small business lending setting where I am able to observe the entire codified demographic and accounting information set that loan officers use to make decisions. I decompose the loan officers’ decisions into a part driven by codified hard information and a part driven by uncodified soft information. I show that a machine learning model substantially outperforms loan officers in processing hard information. Loan officers can only process a sparse set of useful hard information identified by the machine learning model and focus their attention on salient signals such as large jumps in cash flows. However, the loan officers use salient hard information as “red flags” to highlight where to acquire more soft information. This result suggests that salient information is an attention allocation device: It guides humans to allocate their limited cognitive resources to acquire soft information, a task in which humans have an advantage over machines.
Organelle dysfunction upon asrij depletion causes aging‐like changes in mouse hematopoietic stem cells
Authors: Sinha Saloni , Sinha Alice , Dongre Prathamesh , Kamat Kajal , Inamdar Maneesha S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAging of the blood system is characterized by increased hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and myeloid‐biased differentiation leading to higher propensity for hematological malignancies. Unraveling cell‐intrinsic mechanisms regulating HSC aging could aid reversal or slowing of aging. Asrij/OCIAD1 is an evolutionarily conserved regulator of hematopoiesis and governs mitochondrial, endosomal, and proteasomal function in mammalian stem cells. Asrij deletion in mice causes loss of HSC quiescence, myeloid skewing, reduced p53 and increased DNA damage, features attributed to aged HSCs. Mechanistically, Asrij controls p53 ubiquitination and degradation and AKT/STAT5 activation. Asrij localizes to endosomes and mitochondria. As decline in organelle structure and function are common hallmarks of aging, we asked whether Asrij regulates organelle function in aged HSCs. We find that chronologically aged wild‐type (WT) HSCs had reduced Asrij levels. Expectedly, young asrij KO mice had reduced AcH4K16 levels; however, transcriptome analysis of KO HSCs showed a modest overlap of gene expression with aged WT HSCs. Further, analysis of organelle structure and function in asrij KO mice revealed significant changes, namely damaged mitochondria, elevated ROS; impaired endosomal trafficking seen by increased cleaved Notch1, reduced Rab5; and reduced 26S proteasome activity. Pharmacological correction of mitochondrial and proteasome activity in asrij KO mice restored HSC and myeloid cell frequencies. Furthermore, lysophosphatidic acid‐induced Asrij upregulation in aged WT mice rescued mitochondrial and proteasome activity and restored HSC frequency. Our results highlight a new role for Asrij in preventing HSC aging by regulating organelle homeostasis and will help decipher organelle dynamics in HSC longevity.
Immunohistochemical distributions of leptin, ghrelin and obestatin hormones in bull and ram abomasum
Authors: Karakoç Zelal , Topaloğlu Uğur , Bayram Bayram 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn most mammals, leptin plays central and peripheral roles in a wide range of metabolic activities including feed consumption and digestion, energy expenditure and the regulation of carbohydrate‐fat accumulation. Ghrelin is a strong appetite‐stimulating hormone, while obestatin has the opposite effect of ghrelin. The latter is released during feeding, causing a sense of satiety. This study aimed to reveal if the metabolic hormones, as well as OB‐R and GHS‐R, were present in bull and ram abomasums. Streptavidin‐biotin peroxidase method was implemented to determine the expressions and localizations of metabolic hormones and their receptors, and obestatin. Immunoreactivity for leptin and obestatin was present in the cytoplasms of luminal and glandular cells, while smooth muscle cells were immunoreactant for ghrelin, in both bull and ram abomasums. Immunoreactivity for OB‐R was present in luminal and glandular cell, parietal cell cytoplasms, and blood vessels. Immunoreactivity for GHS‐R, on the other hand, was found in glandular epithelial cell cytoplasms and parietal cell cytoplasms, in both bull and ram abomasums. Leptin immunoreactivity was detected in the glandular epithelial cells and stroma, and particularly in the parietal cells. Ghrelin immunoreactivity was not observed in glandular epithelial cells. Obestatin immunoreactivity was found intensely in the bull abomasum, while moderate immunoreactivity was observed in the ram abomasums. As such, leptin, ghrelin and obestatin hormones were expressed in bull and ram abomasums, similar to the abomasums of other species. It is believed that these hormones play important roles in the digestive system activities and the regulation of energy in bulls and rams.
New dermatological findings of MIS‐C: Can mucocutaneous involvement be associated with Severe Disease Course?
Authors: Akçay Nihal , Topkarcı Zeynep , Menentoğlu Mehmet Emin , Oğur Mustafa , Sofuoğlu Ayşe İrem , Boydağ Güvenç Kübra , Baydemir Canan , Şevketoğlu Esra 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundLittle is known about mucocutaneous involvement in critically ill patients with the multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS‐C). The aim of our study was to describe the localisation and variety of rash and to investigate whether presenting with rash at admission alters the clinical course of MIS‐C.MethodsThis prospective, observational cohort study was conducted amongst children under 18 years of age who were admitted to our paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) between May 2020 and May 2021 with a possible diagnosis of MIS‐C.ResultsA total of 33 children with MIS‐C, 21 boys (64%), with a median age of 9.4 years (3.4–11.5) were enrolled. Twenty‐four children presented with mucocutaneous symptoms (72%). Age, male gender, PICU length of stay, presenting symptoms, inotrope requirement, the existence of myocarditis or respiratory failure were higher but not significantly different in patients with rash compared to those without rash (P > 0.05). The median duration of symptoms before admission and presence of cervical lymphadenopathy were significantly higher in patients than those without rash (P < 0.05). Children with a rash had a significantly higher neutrophil count, CRP, procalcitonin, troponin levels and lower lymphocyte counts and albumin levels than those without rash (P < 0.05). Twelve children with rash (50%) had symmetrical intertriginous distribution. Two children had erythematous lesions on the areola and the surroundings.In conclusion, intertriginous involvement, periareolar erythema and other mucocutaneous manifestations might be the first alarming symptoms of moderate to severe MIS‐C. Therefore, close monitoring with a multidisciplinary approach should be considered for these patients to assess potential disease progression.
Regional blood acidification inhibits coagulation during extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCO2R)
Authors: Prat Nicolas J. , Meyer Andrew D. , Scaravilli Vittorio , Cannon Jeremy , Cancio Leopoldo C. , Cap Andrew P. , Batchinsky Andriy I. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundConsumption of platelets and coagulation factors during extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCO2R) increases bleeding complications and associated mortality. Regional infusion of lactic acid enhances ECCO2R by shifting the chemical equilibrium from bicarbonate to carbon dioxide. Our goal was to test if regional blood acidification during ECCO2R inhibits platelet function and coagulation.MethodsAn ECCO2R system containing a hemofilter circulated blood at 0.25 L/min in eight healthy ewes (Ovis aries) for 36 h. Three of the sheep received ECCO2R with no recirculation compared to five sheep that received ECCO2R plus 12 h of regional blood acidification via the hemofilter, placed upstream from the oxygenator, into which 4.4 M lactic acid was infused. Blood gases, platelet count and function, thromboelastography, coagulation‐factor activity, and von Willebrand factor activity (vWF:Ag) were measured at baseline, at start of lactic acid infusion, and after 36 h of extracorporeal circulation.ResultsTwelve hours of regional acid infusion significantly inhibited platelet aggregation response to adenosine diphosphate; vWF; and platelet expression of P‐selectin compared to control. It also significantly reduced consumption of fibrinogen and of coagulation factors V, VII, IX, compared to control.ConclusionsRegional acidification reduces platelet activation and vitamin‐K‐dependent coagulation‐factor consumption during ECCO2R. This is the first report of a simple method that may enhance effective anticoagulation for ECCO2R.
Coenzyme Q10 improves the quality of sheep sperm stored at room temperature by mitigating oxidative stress
Authors: Wang Yanhu , Kang Yan , Zhang Liuming , Niu Haoyuan , Sun Xiaomei , Li Yongjun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this experiment was to explore whether coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) improves the quality of sheep semen stored at room temperature by attenuating oxidative stress. Semen was diluted without (control group), and with antioxidants (5, 50, 250, and 500 μmol/L CoQ10). Sperm kinetic parameters and plasma membrane integrity were determined, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were evaluated on the fifth day of semen preservation. The results showed that compared with the control group, the progressive motility in the 50 μmol/L group was higher (p < 0.05) within 2–5 days, and the plasma membrane integrity of sperm was higher in the 50 μmol/L group. The ROS content in the 5 and 50 μmol/L groups was reduced. The MDA level was reduced in the CoQ10 supplementation groups (p < 0.05). Additionally, the CAT, SOD, TAOC, ATP and MMP levels in the 50 μmol/L group were higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, CoQ10 improved the quality of ram semen by alleviating oxidative stress, and 50 μmol/L CoQ10 was the optimum concentration.
Children's perspectives on friendships and socialization during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A qualitative approach
Authors: Larivière‐Bastien Danaë , Aubuchon Olivier , Blondin Aurélie , Dupont Dominique , Libenstein Jamie , Séguin Florence , Tremblay Alexandra , Zarglayoun Hamza , Herba Catherine M. , Beauchamp Miriam H. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundGood quality friendships and relationships are critical to the development of social competence and are associated with quality of life and mental health in childhood and adolescence. Through social distancing and isolation restrictions, the COVID‐19 pandemic has had an impact on the way in which youth socialize and communicate with friends, peers, teachers and family on a daily basis. In order to understand children's social functioning during the pandemic, it is essential to gather information on their experiences and perceptions concerning the social changes unique to this period. The objective of this study was to document children and adolescents' perspectives regarding their social life and friendships during the COVID‐19 pandemic, through qualitative interviews.MethodsParticipants (N = 67, 5–14 years) were recruited in May and June 2020. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted via a videoconferencing platform. A thematic qualitative analysis was conducted based on the transcribed and coded interviews (NVivo).ResultsThe upheavals related to the pandemic provoked reflection among the participants according to three main themes, each of which included sub‐themes: (1) the irreplaceable nature of friendship, (2) the unsuspected benefits of school for socialization and (3) the limits and possibilities of virtual socialization.ConclusionsThe collection of rich, qualitative information on the perspectives of children and adolescents provides a deeper understanding of the consequences of the pandemic on their socialization and psychological health and contributes to our fundamental understanding of social competence in childhood.
Paediatric integrated care in the primary care setting: A scoping review of populations served, models used and outcomes measured
Authors: McLeigh Jill D. , Malthaner Lauren , Winebrenner Caitlin , Stone Kimberly E. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundPaediatric integrated care (PIC), which involves primary care and behavioural health clinicians working together with patients and families, has been promoted as a best practice in the provision of care. In this context, behavioural health includes behavioural elements in the care of mental health and substance abuse conditions, chronic illness and physical symptoms associated with stress, and addressing health behaviours. Models of and contexts in which PIC has been applied vary, as do the outcomes and measures used to determine its value. Thus, this study seeks to better understand (1) what paediatric subpopulations are receiving integrated care, (2) which models of PIC are being studied, (3) what PIC outcomes are being explored and what measures and strategies are being used to assess those outcomes, and (4) whether the various models are resulting in positive outcomes. These questions have significant policy and clinical implications, given current national‐ and state‐level efforts aimed at promoting integrated health care.MethodsThis study utilized Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews to identify relevant articles published between January 1994 and 30 June 2020. The search utilized three databases: PubMed, PsycInfo and CINAHL. A total of 28 articles met the eligibility criteria for inclusion.ResultsOverall, acceptability of PIC appears to be high for patients and providers, with access, screening and engagement generally increasing. However, several gaps in the knowledge base on PIC were uncovered, and for some studies, ascertaining which models of integrated care were being implemented proved difficult.ConclusionPIC has the potential to improve access to and quality of behavioural health care, but more research is needed to understand what models of PIC prove most beneficial and which policies and conditions promote cost efficiency. Rigorous evaluation of patient outcomes, provider training, institutional buy‐in and system‐level changes are needed.
Ecological and economic implications of alternative metrics in biodiversity offset markets
Authors: Simpson Katherine Hannah , de Vries Frans P. , Dallimer Martin , Armsworth Paul R. , Hanley Nick 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPolicy tools are needed that allow reconciliation of human development pressures with conservation priorities. Biodiversity offsetting can be used to compensate for ecological losses caused by development activities. Landowners can choose to undertake conservation actions, including habitat restoration, to generate biodiversity offsets. Consideration of the incentives facing landowners as potential biodiversity offset providers and developers as potential buyers of credits is critical when considering the ecological and economic landscape‐scale outcomes of alternative offset metrics. There is an expectation that landowners will always seek to conserve the least profitable land parcels, and, in turn, this determines the spatial location of biodiversity offset credits. We developed an ecological‐economic model to compare the ecological and economic outcomes of offsetting for a habitat‐based metric and a species‐based metric. We were interested in whether these metrics would adequately capture the indirect benefits of offsetting on species not considered under a no‐net‐loss policy. We simulated a biodiversity offset market for a case study landscape, linking species distribution modeling and an economic model of landowner choice based on economic returns of the alternative land management options (restore, develop, or maintain existing land use). Neither the habitat nor species metric adequately captured the indirect benefits of offsetting on related habitats or species. The underlying species distributions, layered with the agricultural and development rental values of parcels, resulted in very different landscape outcomes depending on the metric chosen. If policy makers are aiming for the metric to act as an indicator to mitigate impacts on a range of closely related habitats and species, then a simple no‐net‐loss target is not adequate. Furthermore, to achieve the most ecologically beneficial design of offsets policy, an understanding of the economic decision‐making processes of the landowners is needed.