bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of a Clinical Prediction Model for Elderly Patients with Preoperative mild cognitive impairment: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zhang Yuanyuan , Xin X , Yang Chenyi , Li Yun , Wang Xinyi , Yang Zhuo , Wang Haiyun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in elderly patients undergoing surgery is neglected easily by clinicians and families. Preoperative patients with MCI are more likely to suffer from postoperative cognitive dysfunction and postoperative delirium, so an effective MCI prediction method has important implications for ameliorating perioperative cognitive function.
Objective
This study is designed to construct a predictive model to provide a novel approach for preoperative MCI diagnosis in geriatric patients.
Methods
Patients over 65 years old who underwent elective surgery with general anesthesia were screened. Patients were randomly divided into training cohort (n = 258) and test cohort (n = 49) by the ratio of 8:2, and baseline demographic variables and characteristics of the patients in the different cohort were compared. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used to identify risk factors in the training cohort. A nomogram was constructed based on the logistic regression. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calibration charts were drawn in the training cohort and test cohort respectively to evaluate the diagnostic value of the prediction model. The decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to value the clinical utility of the prediction model.
Results
In this study, a total of 307 elderly surgical patients were enrolled, including 137 patients with MCI and 170 patients with normal cognitive function. Multivariate analysis showed that history of more than two operations, higher urea nitrogen, lack of education, body mass index (BMI) < 24kg/m2 and lower albumin/globulin ratio were the independent risk factors for preoperative MCI. The C statistic of the prediction model in the training cohort and test cohort was 0.754 (95%CI, 0.695–0.812) and 0.708 (95%CI, 0.559–0.856) respectively. The threshold probability of the net benefit ranged from 45–81% in the DCA.
Conclusions
The independent risk factors for preoperative MCI in elderly patients were two or more operations, higher blood urea nitrogen level, shorter years of education, BMI < 24kg/m2, and lower albumin/globulin ratio. The predictive model has a certain diagnostic value for preoperative MCI in elderly patients, and provides a novel method for anesthetists to evaluate preoperative cognitive function in elderly patients.
DNA Methylation Patterns At Birth Predict Health Outcomes In Young Adults Born Very Low Birthweight
Authors: Cameron Vicky A , Jones Gregory T , Horwood L. John , Pilbrow Anna P , Martin Julia , Frampton Chris , Ip Wendy T. , Troughton Richard W. , Greer Charlotte , Yang Jun , Epton Michael J. , Harris Sarah , Darlow Brian A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Individuals born very low birthweight (VLBW) are at increased risk of impaired cardiovascular and respiratory function in adulthood. To identify markers to predict future risk for VLBW individuals, we analysed DNA methylation at birth and at 28 years in the New Zealand (NZ) VLBW cohort (all infants born < 1500 g in NZ in 1986) compared with age-matched, normal birthweight controls. Associations between neonatal methylation and cardiac structure and function (echocardiography), vascular function and respiratory outcomes at age 28 years were documented.
Results
Genomic DNA from archived newborn heel-prick blood (n = 109 VLBW, 51 controls) and from peripheral blood at ~ 28 years (n = 215 VLBW, 96 controls) was analysed on Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC 850K arrays. Following quality assurance and normalization, methylation levels were compared between VLBW cases and controls at both ages by logistic regression, with genome-wide significance set to p < 0.05 adjusted for false discovery rate (FDR, Benjamini-Hochberg). In neonates, methylation at over 16,400 CpG methylation sites differed between VLBW cases and controls, top CpGs featuring clusters in ARID3A, SPATA33, and PLCH1. The canonical pathway most enriched for these CpGs was Cardiac Hypertrophy Signaling (p = 3.44E− 11) and 15 of the 20 CpGs most different between VLBW cases and controls showed associations between methylation at birth and adult cardiovascular traits (particularly LnRHI). At 28 years, twelve CpGs differed between VLBW cases and controls at FDR-adjusted significance, including hypermethylation in EBF4 (four CpGs), CFI and UNC119B and hypomethylation at three CpGs in HIF3A and one in KCNQ1. DNA methylation GrimAge scores at 28 years were significantly greater in VLBW cases versus controls and weakly associated with cardiovascular traits. Four CpGs were identified where methylation differed between VLBW cases and controls in both neonates and adults, three reversing direction with age (two CpGs in EBF4, one in SNAI1 were hypomethylated in neonates, hypermethylated in adults). Of these, cg16426670 in EBF4 at birth showed associations with multiple cardiovascular traits in adults.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that methylation patterns in VLBW neonates may be informative about future adult cardiovascular and respiratory outcomes and have value in guiding early preventative care to improve adult health.
Development and validation of a new risk assessment model for immunomodulatory drug- associated venous thrombosis among Chinese patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Li Xiaozhe , Sun Xiuli , Fang Baijun , Leng Yun , Sun Fangfang , Wang Yaomei , Wang Qing , Jin Jie , Yang Min , Xu Bing , Fang Zhihong , Chen Lijuan , Chen Zhi , Yang Qimei , Zhang Kejie , Ye Yinhai , Geng Hui , Sun Zhiqiang , Hao Dan , Huang Hongming , Wang Xiaotao , Jing Hongmei , Ma Lan , Pan Xueyi , Chen Wenming , Li Juan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a serious complication that can occur in individuals with multiple myeloma (MM) receiving immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs). There is no available standard clinical model for predicting VTE in the Chinese population. We develop a new risk assessment model (RAM) for IMiD-associated VTE in Chinese MM patients.
Methods
We retrospectively selected 1334 consecutive MM patients receiving IMiDs from 16 medical centres in China and classified them randomly into the derivation cohort and the validation cohort. A multivariate Cox regression model was used for analysis.
Results
The overall incidence of IMiD-related VTE in Chinese MM patients was 6.1%. Independent predictive factors of VTE (diabetes, ECOG performance status, erythropoietin-stimulating agent use, dexamethasone use, and VTE history or family history of thrombosis) were identified and merged to develop the RAM. The model identified approximately 30% of the patients in each cohort as being at high risk for VTE. The hazard ratios (HRs) were 6.08 (P < 0.001) and 6.23 (P < 0.001) for the high-risk subcohort and the low-risk subcohort, respectively, within both the derivation and validation cohorts. The stratification approach of the IMWG guidelines yielded respective HRs of 1.77 (P = 0.053) and 1.81 (P = 0.063). The RAM achieved satisfactory discrimination with a C statistic of 0.64. The IMWG guideline-based method yielded a C statistic of 0.58.
Conclusions
The new RAM outperformed the IMWG guidelines and has the potential to guide the VTE prophylaxis strategy for Chinese MM patients.
In vitro antifungal activity of lasiodiplodin, isolated from endophytic fungus Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae J-10 associated with Sarcandra glabra and optimization of culture conditions for lasiodiplodin production
Authors: Luo Haiyu , Meng Siyu , Deng Yecheng , Deng Zhiyong , Shi Huilu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A macrolide antibiotic, lasiodiplodin was isolated from the endophytic fungus (EF) Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae J-10 associated with the medicinal plant Sarcandra glabra. In vitro antifungal assay demonstrated the inhibitory activity of lasiodiplodin against the growth of eight phytopathogenic fungi, with the IC50 values ranging between 15.50–249.10 µg/mL. The highest antifungal activities were recorded against Exserohilum turcicum, Colletotrichum capsici, and Pestalotiopsis theae, with IC50 values of 15.50, 15.90, and 17.55 µg/mL, respectively. The underlying mechanism of the antifungal activity of lasiodiplodin against E. turcicum included the alteration of its colony morphology and disturbance of its cell membrane integrity. In addition, the optimization of L. pseudotheobromae J-10 culture conditions increased lasiodiplodin yield to 52.33 mg/L from 0.59 mg/L at pre-optimization. This is the first report on the isolation and identification of antifungal compound from the EF L. pseudotheobromae J-10 associated with S. glabra, as well as on the optimization of L. pseudotheobromae J-10 culture conditions to increase lasiodiplodin yield. The results of this study support that lasiodiplodin is a natural compound with high potential bioactivity against phytopathogens, and provide a basis for further study of the EF associated with S. glabra.
Identification of key genes in hepatitis B based on WGCNA and machine learning
Authors: Huang Zhongquan , Li Yuqing , Chen Zhuoni 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to identify the key genes involved in the pathological process of HBV(Hepatitis B Virus).
Method and materials: GSE83148 in GEO was selected to identify the key modules of HBV by WGCNA, and the key genes of HBV were identified by LASSO and SVM-RFE algorithm. The reliability of screening genes was evaluated by Nomogram, and the accuracy of key genes was analyzed by ROC curve.
Results: Four modules (AntiqueWhite-4, Green, MidnightBlue, and Mediummorchid) were identified as significantly associated with HBV. Through the LASSO algorithm and SVM-RFE algorithm, 6 key genes were found to be significantly correlated with HBV, among which RHOB, SEPN1, AP2M1, BANF1, LRRC25 were up-regulated and KNCN were down-regulated compared with the control group.
Conclusions:We identified six genes, RHOB, SEPN1, AP2M1, BANF1, LRRC25, and KNCN, as key genes of HBV. RHOB, SEPN1, AP2M1, BANF1, and LRRC25 were up-regulated, while KNCN was down-regulated. We note that viral response and inflammatory processes may be closely related to HBV. This study provides a new perspective for understanding the key pathways and genes of HBV, and the results provide potential therapeutic targets and clues for HBV.
Association Between Prehypertension and Carotid plaque in an Asymptomatic Japanese Population
Authors: Hu Bohong , Guo Guixiang , Yu Dandan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective
Few researchers focused on the connection between prehypertension and carotid plaque. The current study sought to define the link between prehypertension and carotid plaque in the Japanese population.
Methods
Carotid artery ultrasonography was performed on each individual. Ultrasonography used to identify carotid plaque. To ensure the robustness of our findings, we used multivariable logistic regression, propensity score analysis, and an inverse probability-weighting model.
Results
A total of 1189 Japanese subjects were included, and the prevalence of carotid plaque was 27.2% (323/1189). Those with prehypertension had a higher prevalence of carotid plaque than those without (39.4% [196/497] vs 18.4% [127/497]). The results remained stable after adjusting for potential confounders using propensity score matching (PSM) and propensity score, inverse probability weighting, and doubly robust analysis. The ORs were 1.74–2.9, all p < 0.001.
Conclusions
Prehypertension was associated with carotid plaque in the outpatient Japanese adult population in this cross-sectional study.
Genetic and Immunological Characterization of Advanced NSCLC with SWItch/Sucrose NonFermentable Families Genetic Alterations and Its Impact on Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Pang Lanlan , Zhuang Weitao , Pang Fei , Chen Lijuan , Liao Jun , Huang Yihua , Mao Tianqin , Pei Ruonan , Lv Yi , Yuan Zhaodi , Zhang Kai-Lang , zhou huaqiang , zhang yaxiong , zhang li , Fang Wen-Feng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background Genetic alterations involving the SWItch/Sucrose NonFermentable (SWI/SNF) family are highly prevalent but understudied in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), especially its controversial roles in the implication of immunotherapy. We aimed to comprehensively characterize the clinicopathologic features of SWI/SNF mutation and to investigate its impact on immunotherapy outcomes among NSCLC patients.
Methods Mutational landscapes of the SWI/SNF family in the Chinese or Western NSCLC population were depicted and compared using large public cohorts with sequencing data. Meanwhile, 519 NSCLC patients who received at least one dose of ICIs were enrolled from Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC) to explore the impact of SWI/SNF family mutation on immunotherapy and to discover distinct subpopulations. Multiple publicly available cohorts were then used for external validation.
Results SWI/SNF family mutation was strongly associated with EGFR wild-type NSCLC and its prevalence was significantly lower in Chinese compared to Western population (14.7% vs. 24.5%, p<0.001), even after excluding the EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients (19.7% vs. 26.9%, p<0.001). There was a significantly higher rate of co-mutations with TP53 (72.6% vs. 61.0%) or KEAP1/STK11(22.1% vs. 11.2%) and a higher TMB in the SWI/SNFmut than the SWI/SNFWT NSCLC. Although immunotherapy or chemoimmunotherapy appeared to provide better survival outcomes than mono-chemotherapy among SWI/SNFmut NSCLC patients (POPLAR/OAK cohort, median OS 6.44 vs. 10.97 months; SYSUCC cohort, median PFS: 6.93 vs. 8.70 months), non-significant even worse results were found when compared to the SWI/SNFWT NSCLC. Further analysis identified two distinct SWI/SNFmut subpopulations harboring TP53 or STK11/KEAP1 co-mutations that presented significantly favorable or undesirable immunotherapy outcomes, respectively. This finding was then validated in multiple external datasets. Tumor microenvironment analysis revealed that TP53 co-mutation is associated with stimulatory antitumor immunity, whereas STK11/KEAP1 co-mutation may confer a suppressive microenvironment.
Conclusion SWI/SNF family mutation itself may not be a reliable indicator of response to ICIs. TP53 and STK11/KEAP1 co-mutations hold the potential to guide the use of immunotherapy and improve the precise management in advanced NSCLC patients harboring SWI/SNF mutations. Given the unsatisfying treatment outcome of ICIs, effective therapeutic methods are still warranted to be explored for advanced NSCLC with SWI/SNF mutations.
Breast Cancer Prediction Using Gated Attentive Multimodal Deep Learning
Authors: Kayikci Safak , Khoshgoftaar Taghi M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Women are prone to breast cancer, which is a major cause of death. One out of every eight women has a lifetime risk of developing this cancer. Early diagnosis of this disease is critical and enhances the success rate of cure. It is extremely important to determine which genes are associated with the disease. However, too many features make studies on gene data challenging. In this study, an attention-based multimodal deep learning model was created by combining data from clinical, copy number alteration and gene expression sources. Based on our findings, it was observed that the proposed method produced successful results and will be helpful in breast cancer prediction tasks.
Identification of early diagnosis markers of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) using publicly available transcriptomic tumour and blood sample data
Authors: Sionakidis Aristeidis , Lalagkas Panagiotis Nikolaos , Malousi Andigoni , Vizirianakis Ioannis S. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most frequently diagnosed form of pancreatic cancer worldwide. It is associated with poor survival rates (~ 5%) mainly due to the disease being usually diagnosed at late stages. Few gene expression studies have been conducted on samples from PDAC patients, however their sample size was limited and their final outcome inconclusive. We aimed to identify general PDAC disease biomarkers that may improve earlier diagnosis and patient stratification for improved mortality outcomes.
Methods
Publicly available gene expression data from 10 studies with tumour tissue (448 samples) blood samples (128 samples) from PDAC patients prior to treatment were analysed. Validation of markers was performed using Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) PDAC expression data. Tissue samples had AJCC (American Joint Committee for Cancer) staging information available. Differential gene expression analysis was carried out to compare tumour and normal samples (stage-specific tissue samples vs. normal tissue samples and PDAC blood samples vs. normal blood samples). Active subnetwork search and miRNA enrichment analysis were used to identify enriched gene networks and miRNA interactions.
Results
We identified 820 consistently deregulated (either up- or down-regulated) genes between tissue samples of all stages and blood samples. The prognostic potential of these markers was validated in TCGA data in predicting PDAC outcome (dead/alive status), in the form of custom risk scores (up-regulated genes score: p = 0.004 and down-regulated genes score: p = 0.03). Active subnetwork analysis revealed enriched ribosome, proteasome, adherens junction and cell cycle pathways in tumors across all stages and blood samples. Stage-specific enriched miRNAs were also identified (miR-21, miR-29, miR-124, miR-30, for stages 1–4 respectively).
Conclusions
We identified PDAC markers deregulated across all stages and different sample sets. Extensive gene expression deregulation was found in all clinical stages with significant overlap. Additionally, miRNA contribution to PDAC pathology may be important and probably mediated by distinct miRNAs in each stage of PDAC. We therefore present a list of markers and miRNAs that could potentially act as a diagnostic tool for early detection of PDAC onset to be evaluated in other clinical and epidemiologic studies.
Joint Energy Management and Task Assignment for Mobile Servers Assisted Mobile Edge Computing
Authors: Huang Xiaoyao , Ji Guoliang , Lei Bo , Tang Jing , Lv Hang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Mobile edge computing is an important computing paradigm for delay-sensitive and computation-intensive tasks, which are growing explosively. In this paper, we study the joint optimization of task assignment and energy management in the mobile servers assisted edge computing network in order to minimize the system task delay. Considering the constraints of computing capacity of heterogeneous servers and energy capacity of mobile servers, this paper introduces the energy protection threshold to dynamically determine the energy-critical mobile servers and prevents them from participating in task processing, so as to effectively extend the overall service time of mobile computing resources, and thus finally minimize the average overall system delay. The system delay minimization problem is first formulated as a Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) problem, and we design a heuristic algorithm--dynamic Energy protection based delayed minimization Ant Colony algorithm (EACO) to solve the problem. In addition, the transition probability function is constructed according to the optimization objective and the characteristics of the ant colony algorithm. We conduct extensive simulations and the results demonstrate the high performance of the proposed algorithms compared to the benchmark algorithms.
A comprehensive audit of record keeping practice in surgical inpatients records.
Authors: Gasoma Elmuhtadi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Good quality record keeping is essential to safe and effective patient care. To ensure that high standards of record keeping are maintained, regular clinical audit should be undertaken. A retrospective, descriptive study was carried out to audit and re-audit the documentation of surgical inpatient records in order to determine if the current documentation technique complies with the hospital's stated policy .
AIMS / OBJECTIVES
The main aim of the audit project was to examine current documentation process at the hospital & look at ways in which existing practice could be improved.
METHOD
By using standard hospital criteria as a basis , an electronic forma was developed to audit the standards. 120 case files retrospectively served as the primary source for the data collected. The records were assessed for completeness of documentation and presence of documentation in the correct section. The data was collected, analyzed, and presented at clinical governance. We then implemented in our documentation protocol for all surgical personnel to be given instructions on the appropriate documentation and how to complete it. This data was again, prospectively collected to complete the audit cycle.
RESULTS
Of the 37 audit standards that are comparable, 35 increased in compliance. No compliance in any of the standards of the criteria decreased in the re-audit cycle . Overall, there is an average increase in compliance across all the audit criteria of 32% since the first audit cycle , indicating that some of the work done after the first cycle has had a positive impact.
DISCUSSION / CONCLUSIONS
The keeping of records must be viewed as an essential component of medical practice; The ongoing documentation keeping work shows that when done well, audit can have a real impact on the quality of clinical records . Simply undertaking the audit can raise awareness of the need to improve practice. Dissemination of results, education and training and local action planning are all crucial to improving practice .
A Comprehensive audit of record keeping practice in surgical inpatients records.
Authors: Gasoma Elmuhtadi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Good quality record keeping is essential to safe and effective patient care. To ensure that high standards of record keeping are maintained, regular clinical audit should be undertaken. A retrospective, descriptive study was carried out to audit and re-audit the documentation of surgical inpatient records in order to determine if the current documentation technique complies with the hospital's stated policy .
AIMS / OBJECTIVES
The main aim of the audit project was to examine current documentation process at the hospital & look at ways in which existing practice could be improved.
METHOD
By using standard hospital criteria as a basis , an electronic forma was developed to audit the standards. 120 case files retrospectively served as the primary source for the data collected. The records were assessed for completeness of documentation and presence of documentation in the correct section. The data was collected, analyzed, and presented at clinical governance. We then implemented in our documentation protocol for all surgical personnel to be given instructions on the appropriate documentation and how to complete it. This data was again, prospectively collected to complete the audit cycle.
RESULTS
Of the 37 audit standards that are comparable, 35 increased in compliance. No compliance in any of the standards of the criteria decreased in the re-audit cycle . Overall, there is an average increase in compliance across all the audit criteria of 32% since the first audit cycle , indicating that some of the work done after the first cycle has had a positive impact.
DISCUSSION / CONCLUSIONS
The keeping of records must be viewed as an essential component of medical practice; The ongoing documentation keeping work shows that when done well, audit can have a real impact on the quality of clinical records . Simply undertaking the audit can raise awareness of the need to improve practice. Dissemination of results, education and training and local action planning are all crucial to improving practice .