bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive molecular genetic analysis of keratoconus patients from assam, a northeastern state of India
Authors: Chakravarty Mrigyanka , Ponnam Surya Prakash Goud , Bardoloi Narayan , Kumar Subhash , Saikia Prasanta 
Published: March 2022

Introduction Keratoconus (KC, OMIM: 148300) is a progressive corneal ectatic disorder characterized by thinning and protrusion of cornea resulting in visual decrement. Materials and Methods In the current study, we recruited a total of 50 KC patients and 100 case-controls domiciles of Assam, based on preset inclusion and exclusion criteria. All the important and relevant signs and symptoms were recorded. Amsler-Krumeich's (AK) classification was followed to grade KC corneas. We screened for the novel as well as reported sequence variations in five candidate genes namely Lysyl oxidase (LOX), Visual system homeobox 1 (VSX1), MicroRNA 184 (MIR184), Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), and exons 4 and 12 of Transforming growth factor beta-induced (TGFβ-I). Results We report a novel double variant p.(Pro32Arg) and p.(Gln67Glu) in the LOX gene in a sporadic male patient with Grade I (OD) and Grade II (OS) of KC. A recurrent variant p.(His244Arg) in the VSX1 gene was also observed in a sporadic female patient with Grade I of KC in both eyes. These variants were absent in 100 unrelated ethnically matched case controls. Discussion Ours is the first study on molecular genetic analysis of Keratoconus patients from Assam. The novel variants p.(Pro32Arg) and p.(Gln67Glu) observed further expand the mutational spectrum of the LOX gene associated with KC. We are also the first group to report the recurrent p.(His244Arg) variant in the VSX1 gene from India. The observed variant p.(His244Arg) in the VSX1 gene could be the result of a founder effect and may be investigated further.
Comparison of the effectiveness of thoracic epidural and rectus sheath catheter as analgesic modalities following laparotomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Claxton Harry L , Nevins Edward J , McCallum Iain 
Published: March 2022

Background: Rectus sheath catheters are used as an analgesic alternative to thoracic epidural. The aim of this meta-analysis is to compare the analgesic effects and side effects of thoracic epidural and rectus sheath catheter in the setting of emergency or elective laparotomy. Materials and Methods: A systematic review of the Cochrane library, Embase, PubMed and Medline was conducted. Papers that directly compared thoracic epidurals and rectus sheath catheters following laparotomy were identified. Literature published between 2001 and 2021 were included. Data were extracted on the following postoperative outcomes: additional analgesic requirements, pain scores, hypotension and ambulation. A random effects meta-analysis model was used to compare additional opioid requirements between thoracic epidural and rectus sheath catheter. Results: Eight publications were included from five countries. This comprised 484 patients, with 120 patients being extracted from randomised trials. Thoracic epidural reduced the requirement for additional intravenous analgesia compared with rectus sheath catheters (p = 0.004). Despite this, both analgesic techniques were equivalent with regard to reported pain scores. Furthermore, rectus sheath catheters have a lower rate of postoperative hypotension and allow for earlier ambulation compared with thoracic epidural. Conclusions: The literature suggests that rectus sheath catheters provide similar analgesic effect to thoracic epidurals, but rectus sheath catheters have a favourable side effect profile.
Cultural Transformation in Healthcare: How Well Does the Veterans Health Administration Vision for Whole Person Care Fit the Needs of Patients at an Academic Rehabilitation Center?
Authors: Barnhill Jessica L , Roth Isabel J , Faurot Keturah R , Honvoh Gilson D , Lynch Chanee E , Thompson Karla L , Gaylord Susan A 
Published: March 2022

Background The Veterans Health Administration is undergoing a cultural transformation toward person-driven care referred to as the Whole Health System of Care. Objective This pilot study evaluated whether the Whole Health model resonates with patients of a large public university rehabilitation clinic. Methods Thirty participants completed the Veterans Health Administration’s Personal Health Inventory (PHI), and six attended the course “Taking Charge of My Life and Health.” Researchers analyzed PHI responses and post-course focus group transcripts. A short post-PHI survey and post-course evaluation were collected. Results Participants agreed the PHI is a simple, useful tool. The course, while well attended, did not meet participants’ expectations. Participants wanted access to integrative therapies and opportunities to contribute to healthcare transformation. Conclusion Rehabilitation patients resonated with the Whole Health vision. They expressed enthusiasm for the cultural transformation represented by the model along with frustration that standard healthcare experiences fall short of this vision.
Deep Infrapatellar Bursitis in Preadolescent Baseball Players: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Omae Hiroaki , Ohsawa Takashi , Omodaka Takuya , Hashimoto Shogo , Oshima Atsufumi , Takase Ryota , Kobayashi Hiroki , Takamine Shuhei , Tajika Tsuyoshi , Chikuda Hirotaka 
Published: March 2022

Background: Deep infrapatellar bursitis (DIB) has been detected in cases of Osgood-Schlatter disease (OSD). However, the clinical implications of DIB in the apophyseal stage, during the period when OSD has not yet developed, remain unclear. Purpose: To investigate the factors related to DIB in the apophyseal stage in preadolescent baseball players. Study Design: Cross-sectional study, Level of evidence, 3. Methods: The study participants were junior baseball players who participated in a medical checkup in 2020. We included knees in the apophyseal stage evaluated using ultrasonography, and classified them into the bursitis and no-bursitis groups using color-enhanced Doppler ultrasonography. We also investigated bone lesions of the tibial tuberosity, determined by fragmentation of the bone and irregularity of the ossification center. Demographic data, practice duration, pressure pain on tuberosity, pain while playing baseball (visual analog scale), heel-buttock distance (HBD), straight-leg raise angle, and range of hip internal and external rotation were evaluated. Group comparisons were performed using the Mann-Whitney U test and Fisher exact test, and a logistic regression analysis was performed. Results: A total of 261 knees (139 male players; age 10.5 ± 1.1 years) were included, 30 in the bursitis group and 231 in the no-bursitis group. Bone lesions were present in 4 knees in the bursitis group and in 32 knees in the no-bursitis group; there was no significant relationship between the presence of bone lesions and bursitis. Compared with the no-bursitis group, the bursitis group had a significantly longer practice duration (12.9 ± 3.3 vs 15.2 ± 3.8 hours/week, respectively; P = .003) and larger HBD (0.5 ± 1.3 vs 1.4 ± 2.4 cm, respectively; P = .003). The logistic regression analysis showed that practice duration ( P = .001) and HBD ( P = .004) were significantly related to the presence of bursitis. Conclusion: DIB in the apophyseal stage was related to practice duration and thigh muscle tightness. These findings may help predict overload and thigh muscle tightness at a very early stage.
Predictors of outcome of chest tube drainage of nonpurulent exudative pleural effusions
Authors: Nwagboso Chimaobi Ikechukwu , Echieh Chidiebere Peter , Eze John Nkemakolam , Ogbudu Stephen Omirigbe , Njoku Chibueze Haggai , Etiuma Anietimfon Umoh , Bassey Okokon Odonkwo 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundAlthough chest tube drainage is the primary management method for many pleural effusions, it has a failure rate of 9.4–48%. In this study, we examined the factors that predict the outcome of management of nonpurulent exudative effusions. The aim of this study was to determine the predictors of outcomes of chest tube drainage of pleural effusions.MethodologyConsecutive patients who had a chest tube drainage of nonpurulent exudative pleural effusions were followed up in a prospective observational cohort study until extubation and discharge. Data on the management of the patients were recorded, analysed and compared between groups of patients with good and poor outcomes.ResultsOf the 52 patients studied, 38 had good outcomes, while 14 had poor outcomes. The mean±sdage was 39.7±15.9 years. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that empyema thoracis complicating drainage was an independent predictor of a poor outcome, while the duration of drainage ≤14 days and duration of illness before presentation <30 days were predictive of a good outcome.ConclusionOur results show that the development of empyema thoracis during drainage, a long duration of drainage and a prolonged period of illness before presentation are predictive of the outcome of chest tube drainage.
Plethysmography-derived gas trapping lacks utility in predicting response to bronchial thermoplasty
Authors: Rajan Ashwin , Bennetts Kim , Langton David 
Published: March 2022

There is a paucity of literature on measurable baseline parameters predicting response and guiding selection for bronchial thermoplasty. This study examines whether baseline gas trapping, as assessed by plethysmography, is associated with a response to bronchial thermoplasty at 12 months.43 consecutive patients with severe asthma (mean±sdage 57.6±13.3 years) were evaluated at baseline and 12 months post bronchial thermoplasty. Data collected at both time points included spirometry, body plethysmography and four clinical outcome measures, namely Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ) score, annual exacerbation frequency, maintenance oral corticosteroid requirement and short-acting β-agonist use.At baseline, participants had severe airflow obstruction (forced expiratory volume in 1 s 49.1±15.8%) with marked gas trapping (residual volume (RV) 150.3±40.8%, RV/total lung capacity (TLC) 51.3±10.5%), poor symptom control (ACQ 3.3±1.0) and frequent exacerbations (median 4, interquartile range 8). 12 months after bronchial thermoplasty, significant improvements were observed in all four clinical outcome measures. However, baseline RV and RV/TLC were not significantly associated with changes in ACQ nor any other clinical outcome measure, and changes in RV and RV/TLC did not significantly correlate with a change in any clinical outcome measure.Plethysmography-derived gas trapping does not demonstrate utility in predicting response and guiding selection for bronchial thermoplasty. An improvement in gas trapping was not associated with positive clinical outcomes, suggesting that this may not be the dominant mode of action of bronchial thermoplasty in generating clinical improvement.
Discriminative Features of Abnormities in a Spiral Groove Gas Face Seal Based on Dynamic Model Considering Contact
Authors: Yin Yuan , Huang Weifeng , Li Decai , Hu Songtao , Liu Xiangfeng , Liu Ying 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIt is a difficult task to root the cause of the failure of a gas face seal because different causes may result in similar observations. In the work being presented, the discrimination of multiple types of abnormities in a spiral groove gas face seal is studied. A dynamic model is employed to analyze groups of cases in order to uncover the dynamic behaviors when the face contact is induced by different mixtures of abnormities, whose discriminative features when motion and contact are monitored are studied and uncovered. A circumferential-pattern-related oscillation phenomenon is discovered, which is extracted from contact information and implies the relative magnitude of the moment on stator and the rotor tilt. The experimental observation shows consistent results. It means that the grooves (or other circumferential patterns) generate useful informative features for monitoring. These results provide guidance for designing a monitored gas face seal system.
Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the prostate presenting as bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy: a rare case report
Authors: Jayasinghe K. I. , Abeysinghe A. H. M. G. B. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Sarcomatoid carcinoma (also called carcinosarcoma in the latest WHO classification 2016) of the prostate gland is a biphasic malignant neoplasm which exhibits epithelial and mesenchymal differentiation [1]. Sarcomatoid carcinoma is a rare tumour, considered as a variant of acinar adenocarcinoma in the WHO classification, with less than 200 reported cases in the literature to date [2]. Sarcomatoid carcinoma of prostate presenting with bilateral cervical lymph node deposits as the first clinical manifestation, is even rarer, and reported cases were not found in the literature; hence, this is the first case report of such, to the best of our knowledge.

Case presentation
We report a case of sarcomatoid carcinoma of the prostate in a 72-year-old Sri Lankan man who presented with bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy. He had hard nodular prostate on digital rectal examination (DRE). Ultrasound scan of abdomen (USS) revealed the presence of paraaortic lymphadenopathy, in addition. The excision biopsy of the right cervical lymph node revealed deposit of a carcinoma of epithelioid histomorphology, which showed patchy strong positivity for immunohistochemical marker (IHCm), PSA. His serum PSA value was 48 ng/ml (reference < 5.40 ng/ml). Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) showed mildly enlarged prostate gland with irregular outline, sclerotic lesions in cervico-thoracic and lumbosacral vertebrae and generalized lymphadenopathy. Transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy of the prostate revealed sarcomatoid carcinoma. Disseminated sarcomatoid carcinoma of prostate was diagnosed. The patient has undergone bilateral orchidectomy, marking a serum PSA value of 5.4 ng/ml two months thereafter. He is surviving for six months after diagnosis and is currently under chemotherapy with docetaxel for the disseminated disease.

Conclusion
Sarcomatoid carcinoma can present with cervical lymphadenopathy with absent lower urinary tract symptoms. In elderly patients with cervical lymphadenopathy, serum PSA, DRE and trans-rectal ultrasound scan are advocated to rule out prostate cancer. Immunohistochemical markers are required for the diagnosis of primary tumour and secondary deposit of sarcomatoid carcinoma of prostate.
Measuring distance from the incisors to the esophageal cancer by FDG PET/CT: endoscopy as the reference
Authors: Hsu Szu-Wei , Chang Jeffrey S. , Chang Wei-Lun , Lin Forn-Chia , Chiu Nan-Tsing 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Using endoscopy as the reference, this study evaluated the accuracy of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) in measuring distance from the incisors to the PET detectable esophageal cancer. If there is high concordance between endoscopic and PET measurements, our results may provide a basis to use FDG PET/CT in cooperation with endoscopic measurement to localize those PET/CT and CT undetectable esophageal tumors for radiotherapy planning.

Materials
Esophageal cancer patients with pretreatment endoscopy and FDG PET/CT detectable esophageal tumors were recruited retrospectively. The distances from the incisors to the proximal esophageal tumor margins were determined by endoscopy and by the sagittal images of FDG PET/CT. The endoscopic measurement was used as the comparative reference. A nuclear medicine doctor and a radiation oncologist each performed the FDG PET/CT measurement twice for every patient. We analyzed the differences in these measurements, and assessed agreement and reproducibility of the results by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).

Results
Thirty-four patients, with 35 esophageal tumors, were included. By endoscopy and FDG PET/CT, the mean distances from the incisors to the proximal esophageal tumor margin were 27.3 ± 6.4 cm (range 17.1–40.0 cm) and 26.8 ± 6.3 cm (range 15.7–41.3 cm), respectively. The mean absolute differences between the endoscopic and four FDG PET/CT measurements ranged from 1.129 to 1.289 cm (SD: 0.98–1.19). The measurement agreement between FDG PET/CT and endoscopy by ICC was between 0.962 and 0.971. The intra- and interobserver reproducibilities of the two readers were excellent (intraobserver ICC: 0.985, 0.996; interobserver ICC: 0.976–0.984).

Conclusions
FDG PET/CT was in high agreement with endoscopy in measuring the distance from the incisors to the proximal esophageal tumor margin. For FDG PET/CT and CT undetectable esophageal cancer, incorporation of the endoscopic measurement with PET/CT might be a way for making radiotherapy plan.
Creating opportunities to improve detection of older adult abuse: a national interRAI study
Authors: Hall Yvette , Smith Jim , Turner Robin M. , Greco Philippa , Hau Kenny , Barak Yoram 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDespite being recognized as a major global health issue, older adult abuse (OAA) remains largely undetected and under-reported. Most OAA assessment tools fail to capture true prevalence. Follow up of patients where abuse exposure is not easily determined is a necessity. The interRAI-HC (International Resident Assessment Instrument—Home Care) currently underestimates the extent of abuse. We investigated how to improve detection of OAA using the interRAI-HC. Analysis of 7 years of interRAI-HC data from an Aotearoa New Zealand cohort was completed. We identified that through altering the criteria for suspicion of OAA, capture rates of at-risk individuals could be nearly doubled from 2.6% to 4.8%. We propose that via adapting the interRAI-HC criteria to include the "unable to determine" whether abuse occurred (UDA) category, identification of OAA sufferers could be substantially improved. Improved identification will facilitate enhanced protection of this vulnerable population.
The impact of regional socioeconomic deprivation on the timing of HIV diagnosis: a cross-sectional study in Germany
Authors: Pantke Annemarie , Hoebel Jens , an der Heiden Matthias , Michalski Niels , Gunsenheimer-Bartmeyer Barbara , Hanke Kirsten , Bannert Norbert , Bremer Viviane , Koppe Uwe 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
HIV infections which are diagnosed at advanced stages are associated with significantly poorer health outcomes. In Germany, the proportion of persons living with HIV who are diagnosed at later stages has remained continuously high. This study examined the impact of regional socioeconomic deprivation on the timing of HIV diagnosis.

Methods
We used data from the national statutory notification of newly diagnosed HIV infections between 2011 and 2018 with further information on the timing of diagnosis determined by the BED-Capture-ELISA test (BED-CEIA) and diagnosing physicians. Data on regional socioeconomic deprivation were derived from the German Index of Socioeconomic Deprivation (GISD). Outcome measures were a non-recent infection based on the BED-CEIA result or an infection at the stage of AIDS. The effect of socioeconomic deprivation on the timing of diagnosis was analysed using multivariable Poisson regression models with cluster-robust error variance.

Results
Overall, 67.5% (n = 10,810) of the persons were diagnosed with a non-recent infection and 15.2% (n = 2746) with AIDS. The proportions were higher among persons with heterosexual contact compared to men who have sex with men (MSM) (76.8% non-recent and 14.9% AIDS vs. 61.7% non-recent and 11.4% AIDS). MSM living in highly deprived regions in the countryside (< 100 k residents) were more likely to have a non-recent infection (aPR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.05–1.28) as well as AIDS (aPR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.08–1.85) at the time of diagnosis compared to MSM in less deprived regions in the countryside. No differences were observed among MSM from towns (100 k ≤ 1 million residents) or major cities (≥ 1 million residents), and no differences overall in the heterosexual transmission group.

Conclusions
An effect of socioeconomic deprivation on the timing of HIV diagnosis was found only in MSM from countryside regions. We suggest that efforts in promoting HIV awareness and regular HIV testing are increased for heterosexual persons irrespective of socioeconomic background, and for MSM with a focus on those living in deprived regions in the countryside.
Incidence of impaired kidney function among people with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Shi Ruizi , Chen Xiaoxiao , Lin Haijiang , Ding Yingying , He Na 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
In the era of combination antiretroviral therapy (ART), the incidence, manifestations and severity of kidney diseases have dramatically changed in people living with HIV (PLWH). Little is known about the incidence of impaired kidney function (IKF) measured by serum creatine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in PLWH.

Methods
In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Ovid, Medline, Embase and Web of Science for studies published before May 7th, 2021, with estimates of incidence of IKF among PLWH. We independently reviewed each study for quality by using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The incidence and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using random-effects model.

Results
Sixty out of 3797 identifiable studies were eligible for the meta-analysis. A total of 19 definitions of IKF were described and categorized into three types: the threshold of eGFR, an absolute or percent decrease in eGFR, and certain eGFR threshold combined with decrement in eGFR. The eGFR< 60 ml/min/1.73m2 was the most widely used definition or criterion for IKF, by which the pooled incidence rate of IKF was 12.50 (95%CI: 9.00–17.36) per 1000 person years (PYs). The second most-studied outcome was a > 25% decrease in eGFR, followed by eGFR< 90 ml/min/1.73m2, eGFR< 30 ml/min/1.73m2 and a combination of eGFR threshold plus decreased eGFR. The reported incidence rates of IKF differ widely by different definitions of IKF. The highest pooled incidence was observed for those with > 25% decrease in eGFR, while the lowest was observed in those with eGFR < 30 ml/min/1.73m2. Substantial heterogeneity was identified across most estimates.

Conclusion
Our study provides a comprehensive summary of eGFR-based definitions and incidence rates of IKF in PLWH, not only promoting our understanding of IKF, but also underscoring needs for a concerted action to unify definitions and outcomes of IKF and their applications in AIDS care.