bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative coat protein annotation of two biologically distinct strains of Cucumber mosaic virus in chilli
Authors: J Vinodhini , L Rajendran , D Jeya Sundara Sharmila , G Karthikeyan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) has worldwide distribution with the broadest host range. Coat protein (CP) is the fundamental determinant for identification, symptom induction, systemic movement, encapsidation and aphid transmission of CMV. Molecular indexing explicated the prevalence of both mosaic inducing and chlorosis inducing strains of CMV in chilli growing tracts of Tamil Nadu. Precisely, CP consist of 657 nucleotides encodes for 218 amino acids was cloned and sequenced. The comparative amino acid analysis depicted Ser129 and Thr137 to be conserved in chlorosis inducing strains whereas Pro129 and Ser137 are conserved in mosaic inducing TN CMV strains. Moreover, chlorosis inducing strains was observed to have cryptic mutation of Thr162, conserved for aphid transmission. Further, structural annotation of CP vindicated the propound modifications in secondary structure of protein. Moreover, TN CMV strains detected to implicit five functional domains in CP. Intriguingly, chlorosis inducing strains discerned to have disordered protein at functional motif of protein kinase K phosphorylation site. Remarkably, Casein kinase II phosphorylation site also observed in TN isolates which is purely conserved for CPs of all Cucumovirus. Besides, sequence diversity analysis postulate chlorosis inducing strains to have greater synonymous substitution over mosaic inducing strains and further phylogenetic analysis vindicated TN CMV isolates (mosaic and chlorosis inducing strains) belong to subgroup IB. The present study was taken to delve the genetic diversity of biologically distinct mosaic and chlorosis inducing strains of CMV infecting chilli in Tamil Nadu.
Wearable cardioverter defibrillator after cardiac surgery: Analysis of real-life data from patients at transient risk of sudden cardiac death
Authors: Elbayomi Mohamed , prof Michael Weyand , Seitz Timo , Harig Frank 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundEspecially in the first 3 months after cardiac surgery, patients are at transient risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD). To close the gap between hospital discharge and the final implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) decision, guidelines recommend the temporary use of a wearable cardioverter-defibrillator (WCD) to protect these patients from SCD. We investigated real-life data on the safety, effectiveness, and compliance of the WCD in this population.MethodsData for analysis were collected via the Zoll Patient Management Network (ZPM) from patients who underwent cardiac surgery and who were discharged with a WCD between 2018 and 2021 at the Cardiac Surgery Center of the University of Erlangen in Germany.ResultsThe majority of the 55 patients were male (90.9%) and underwent a coronary artery bypass graft (80.0%). The number of patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) > 35% increased from 9.1% at the beginning of WCD use to 58.2% at the end of WCD use. 6 ventricular tachycardia (VT) episodes occurred in 4 patients. 2 patients with VT episodes were appropriately defibrillated by the WCD. There were no inadequate shocks and no fatalities during the observation time. WCD wearing compliance was high with a median wear time of 23.3 hours/day.ConclusionThis retrospective analysis in a single cardiac surgery center confirms prior data on safety and effectiveness of the WCD in patients in post-surgery care in a real-life setting. The WCD successfully protected patients from SCD during life-threatening VT episodes. WCD wearing compliance was high.
Comparison of pre-diagnosis physical activity and its correlates among lung, breast, colorectal and prostate cancer patients: accelerometer data from the UK Biobank prospective cohort
Authors: Zhou Weijiao , Veliz Philip T. , Smith Ellen Lavoie , Chen Weiyun , Reddy Rishindra M. , Larson Janet L. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose Understanding pre-diagnosis physical activity (PA) and its correlates will be helpful in promoting PA. However, few studies have examined the actual volume and correlates of objectively measured pre-diagnosis PA and little is known about how PA behaviors are similar/different between cancer types. This study aimed to compare pre-diagnosis PA and its correlates in patients with lung cancer and other types of cancer (breast, colorectal, and prostate cancer) and examine the relationship between pre-diagnosis PA and all-cause mortality. Methods This study used data from the UK Biobank, which is a national cohort study with accelerometry data. We included 2,662 participants and used adjusted linear regressions and survival analyses.Results Male and female lung cancer groups spent a mean of 78 and 91 minutes/day in pre-diagnosis MVPA, respectively; this is lower than the three other types of cancer (P<0.001). Younger age and faster walking pace had a strong association with PA in all the four types of cancer (P<0.01). Smoking status had a strong association with PA in the lung cancer group, while obesity had a strong association with PA in breast, colorectal and prostate cancer (P<0.01). Higher levels of pre-diagnosis MVPA (>1.5 hour/day) were associated with a significantly lower all-cause mortality risk.Conclusions Our study suggests that lung cancer patients are the most inactive population before diagnosis. The identified difference in correlates of PA suggesting that cancer-specific approaches are needed in PA research and practices. This study also highlights the importance of high PA for individuals with high cancer risk.
Limited effect of reducing pulmonary tuberculosis incidence amid mandatory facial masking for COVID-19
Authors: Lin En-Cheng , Hong Chien-Hui 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant health and public issue in many countries. Its incidence and mortality have been decreasing in many countries. The recent COVID-19 could have significant impacts on the transmission and health care for this chronic disease by obligatory facial masking and by affecting healthcare capacities. We asked whether the trend of TB incidence and mortality would be affected by COVID-19 epidemic due to their common air transmission route. We also asked whether the incidence of TB in regions with different COVID-19 incidence would be similar. We obtained the annular new cases of TB and multi-drug resistant TB through Taiwan CDC and estimated the incidence and mortality by the population numbers in 7 administrative regions in Taiwan in 2011-2021. The result showed that incidences of TB and multi-drug resistant TB in recent 10 years show a continuously decreasing trend, even amid the COVID-19 epidemic in 2020-21. In addition, the mortality of TB shows similar decreasing trend in 2020-21. From 2011-2011, the highest incidence of TB was in the southern and eastern Taiwan whereas the lowest incidence of TB was in northern Taiwan. In contrast, the highest incidence of COVID-19 in 2020-21 was in the northern Taiwan while the lowest incidence of COVID-19 in 2020-21 is in the southern and eastern Taiwan. These results indicated that in the low COVID-19 incidence regions of Taiwan, the incidence of TB remained high during COVID-19 pandemic. We concluded that the decreasing trend of incidence and mortality of TB does not change during COVID-19 epidemic in Taiwan. The mask wearing and social distancing could prevent the transmission of COVID-19, however, their effect on the limiting spread of TB may be limited.
A Lactate-related LncRNA Model for Predicting Prognosis, Immune Landscape and Therapeutic Response in Breast Cancer
Authors: Li Jia , Wu Fei , Zhang Yinbin , Li Chaofan , Wu Huizi , Feng Cong , Wang Weiwei , Liu Xuan , Zhang Yu , Cai Yifan , Jai Yiwei , Qiao Hao , Zhang Shuqun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer (BC) has the highest incidence rate of all cancers globally, with high heterogeneity. Increasing evidence shows that lactate and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) play a critical role in the occurrence, maintenance, therapeutic response, and the immune microenvironment of tumors. We aimed to construct a lactate-related lncRNAs prognostic signature (LRLPS) for BC patients to predict prognosis, tumor microenvironment, and treatment responses.Methods: The BC data was download from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The lactate-related genes were got from the Molecular Signatures Database. Difference analysis and Pearson correlation analysis were used to identify the differentially expressed lactate-related lncRNAs (LRLs). The univariate Cox regression analysis, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), and multivariate Cox regression analysis were used to construct the LRLPS. We performed the Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and univariate and multivariate analyses to valid the LRLPS. The GO/KEGG, GSEA, CIBERSORT, ESTIMATE, Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE), and Immunophenoscore (IPS), pRRophetic and CellMiner databases were used to explore the different tumor immune microenvironment, and treatment responses.Results: We totally acquired 196 differentially expressed LRLs between breast tumor and normal tissues. We constructed the LRLPS with 7 LRLs. Patients could be assigned into high-risk and low-risk groups based on the medium-risk sore in the training cohort. And it was proved that the prognosis prediction ability of the LRLPS was excellent, robust, and independent. Furthermore, a nomogram was constructed based on the LRLPS risk score and clinical factors to predict the 3-, 5-, and 10-year survival probability. The two risk groups had different immune activity. The low-risk patients had higher levels of immune infiltration and better immunotherapeutic response. Furthermore, many common chemotherapeutic drugs were more effective for low-risk patients.Conclusions: In conclusion, we developed a novel LRLPS for BC that could predict the prognosis, immune landscape, and treatment response.
Mortality analysis among sepsis patients in and out of intensive care units using the Japanese nationwide medical claims database-a study by the Japan Sepsis Alliance study group
Authors: Oami Takehiko , Imaeda Taro , Nakada Taka‑aki , Abe Toshikazu , Takahashi Nozomi , Yamao Yasuo , Nakagawa Satoshi , Ogura Hiroshi , Shime Nobuaki , Umemura Yutaka , Matsushima Asako , Fushimi Kiyohide 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: A substantial number of sepsis patients require specialized care, including multidisciplinary care, close monitoring, and artificial organ support in the intensive care unit (ICU). However, the efficacy of ICU management on clinical outcomes remains insufficiently researched. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that ICU admission would increase the survival rate among sepsis patients.Methods: We conducted a retrospective study using the nationwide medical claims database of sepsis patients in Japan from 2010–2017 with propensity score matching to adjust for baseline imbalances. Patients aged over 20 years, with a combined diagnosis of presumed serious infection and organ failure, were included in this study. The primary outcome studied was the in-hospital mortality among non-ICU and ICU patients. In addition to propensity score matching, we performed sensitivity analyses for the primary outcome. As the treatment policy was not extracted from the database, we performed subgroup analyses to determine mortality differences in age subgroups based on the assumption that treatment intensity is likely to decrease in older adults.Results: Among 1,276,678 sepsis patients (1,076,912 in non-ICU and 199,766 in ICU settings), the unadjusted in-hospital mortality was 18.4% among non-ICU patients and 22.5% among ICU patients (p<0.001). After propensity score matching, the in-hospital mortality was 30.2% among non-ICU patients and 20.6% among ICU patients (p<0.001). In-hospital mortality with a multivariable regression analysis (B10.3% [95% CI a10.5 to c10.1], p<0.001) or inverse probability weighting (k5.6% [95% CI g5.7 to r5.5], p<0.001) was comparable with the results of the propensity score matching analysis. In the subgroup analyses, the mortality difference between non-ICU and ICU was o5.7% [95% CI u6.1 to n5.1] in the adult group (20 ≤ age ≤ 64), d10.6% [95% CI :11.2 to 10.1] in the old group (65 ≤ age ≤ 74), and A11.1% [95% CI 11.6 to s10.7] in the oldest old group (75 ≤ age) (p<0.001). Conclusions: Herein, using the nationwide medical claims database, we demonstrated that ICU admission contributes towards decreasing in-hospital mortality among sepsis patients. Further investigations are warranted to validate these results and elucidate the mechanisms favoring ICU management on clinical outcomes.
Characterization of Winogradskyella luteola sp.nov., Erythrobacter ani sp.nov., and Erythrobacter crassostrea sp.nov., three novel species of two different genus Winogradskyella and Erythrobacter, from the hemolymph of Pacific Oyster Crassostrea gigas. Prediction of bioremediation
Authors: Pira Hani , Müsken Mathias , Schupp Peter J , Wink Joachim 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Three new bacterial strains, WHY3T, WH131T, and WH158T, were isolated and described from the hemolymph of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas utilizing polyphasic taxonomic techniques. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that WHY3T was a member of the genus Winogradskyella, whereas WHI3IT and WH158T were members of the genus Erythrobacter. According to the polygenomic study, three strains generated three distinct and strong branches from all reference strains. The comparison of dDDH values, ANIs, percentage of conserved proteins (POCP), and average amino acid identity (AAl) between the three strains and their relatives established that the three strains constituted an appropriate taxonomy representing three distinct species of two separate genera. MK-6 was reported as the major respiratory quinone in WHY3T and Q-10 for WH131T and WH158T, respectively. The major cellular fatty acids for WHA3T were C15:0, anteiso-C15:1 ω7c, iso-C15:0, C16:1ω7c. The major cellular fatty acids for WH131T and WH158T were C14:02-OH and t18:1ω12 for WH131T and C17:0, and C18:1ω7c for WH158T. Sudan Black B indicated a preference for PHAs granules for WH131T and WH158T but not for WHY3T. The DNA G + C contents of strains WHY3T, WH131T and WH158T were 34.40, 59.7 and 56.64%, respectively. Gene clusters predicted some important genes involved in the bioremediation process. Due to the accomplishment of polyphasic taxonomy, we propose three novel species Winogradskyella luteola sp.nov. (type strain WHY3T = DSM 111804T = NCCB 100833T), Erythrobacter ani sp.nov. (WH131T = DSM 112099T = NCCB 100824T) and Erythrobacter crassostrea sp.nov. (WH158T = DSM 112102T = NCCB 100877T).
Microglia involvement in the schizophrenia occurrence in male offspring with maternal dexamethasone exposure
Authors: Rim Chan , Park Hyun-Sun , You Min-Jung , Yang Bohyun , Kim Hui-Ju , Sung Soyoung , Kwon Min-Soo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Fetal microglia are particularly sensitive cells to the changes in utero environment and show sex-biased differences in shape and function. Maternal stress hormone induction can affect fetal microglial functions including alterations in synaptic pruning and cytokine secretion. It may contribute to psychiatric outcomes in offspring such as schizophrenia and depression. Methods: We administered a 50 µg/kg dexamethasone (DEX) to dams subcutaneously from gestational days 16 to 18. To characterize behaviors of maternal DEX exposed offspring, we assessed depressive-like and schizophrenia-relevant behaviors among 5 week old (adolescence), 10 week old (adult), and orchiectomized group respectively. Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and rapid Golgi staining, microglial morphology and synaptic pruning were assessed. Results: Prenatal exposure to dexamethasone (PN-DEX) induced SCZ-relevant behavior in male mice and depressive-like behavior in female mice. SCZ-relevant behavioral patterns were induced in 10 week old (10 W) male mice but not in 5 week old (5 W) male mice. Microglia in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the striatum (STR) of 10 W males prenatally treated with dexamethasone (10 W PN-DEX-M) showed hyper-ramified morphology and dramatically reduced spine density in mPFC. Immunofluorescence studies indicated that microglia in the mPFC of the 10 W PN-DEX-M group interacted with pre-synaptic Bassoon and post-synaptic density 95 (PSD95) puncta. PN-DEX-M also showed significantly changed dopamine system proteins. A testosterone surge was not observed in parallel to SCZ-relevant behavior in 10 W PN-DEX-M. Furthermore, females prenatally treated with dexamethasone (PN-DEX-F) displayed depressive-like behavior, in addition to HPA axis activation and inflammatory microglial phenotypes in their hippocampus (HPC).Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that maternal DEX exposure induces sex-biased abnormal behavior as well as SCZ-relevant behavior in male offspring, and depressive-like behaviors in female offspring. We propose that altered microglial function, such as increased synaptic pruning, may be involved in the occurrence of SCZ-relevant behavior in PN-DEX-M and sex-biased abnormal behavior in the PN-DEX model.
Metagemonic analysis of bacterial genetic diversity in blood samples of Iranian healthy women
Authors: Pourramezan Z. , Oloomi M. , Bouzari S. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Rising evidence proved the existence of dormant blood microbiota in healthy individuals, yet there is no information on the circulating microbiome of Iranian healthy women. The High-throughput Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) provides a powerful method for the characterization of the blood microbiome. We investigated circulating bacterial composition in healthy individuals by 16S rDNA- based next-generation sequencing technique targeting the V3-V4 hypervariable region on the Illumina platform. We identified Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) similarity with various phyla, predominated by Proteobacteria (83%), Firmicutes (8%), Bacteroidetes (6%), and Actinobacteria (2%) phyla in healthy subjects. Based on the sequencing data, a diverse bacterial family was found in the whole blood of the healthy subjects, belongs to Burkholderiaceae (69%) and Enterobacteriaceae (13%) families on average. At the genus level, we illustrated the abundance of Ralstonia, Rhizobium, Ignatzchineria, Lactococcus, Stenotrophomonas, and Ideonella. Given the dominance of the putative blood microbiota within the different niches, it may be of considerable clinical significance and therapeutic strategies potential in the future. The blood microbiota can facilitate both the diagnosis and improved understanding of the onset of numerous human diseases as innovative biomarkers.
Global, Regional, and National Burden of Disease Study of Atrial fibrillation/flutter, 1990-2019: results from a global burden of disease study, 2019
Authors: Li Hong , Song Xuejing , Liang Yi , Chen Wen , Liu-Huo Wu-Sha , Tang Chao , Zhao Lizhi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background Data from the Global Burden of Disease, Injury, and Risk Factor Study 2019 (GBD 2019) was used to assess the burden and change in prevalence, incidence, deaths, disability-adjusted life years, and risk factors for atrial fibrillation/flutter in 204 countries and territories between 1990 and 2019.Methods Incidence, prevalence, deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and their age-standardized rates were analyzed by age, sex, socio-demographic index (SDI), and human development index (HDI) using the Global Burden of Disease 2019 (GBD2019) study results.Results There are 59.70 million (95% uncertainty interval (UI) 45.73-75.29 million) AF/AFL patients worldwide in 2019, with 4.72 million (95% uncertainty interval (UI) 3.64-5.96 million) new cases and 0.315 million deaths (95% uncertainty interval (UI) 0.268-0.361 million) and 8.39 million disability-adjusted years (95% uncertainty interval (UI) 6.69-10.54 million). The incidence, prevalence, deaths, and DALYs of AF/AFL and their corresponding age-specific standardized rates from 1990 to 2019 varied significantly by sex, age group, region, and country. The highest risk factor for deaths, DALYs attributable to AF/AFL in 2019 was high systolic blood pressure, high body-mass index, alcohol use, smoking, and diet high in sodium. It is estimated that between 2030 and 2034, the total incidence of male AF/ AFL will be 16.08 million, and the total number of deaths will be 1.01 million. For females, the total number of incidence is 16.85 million, and the total number of deaths is 1.49 million.Conclusions AF/AFL remains a major global public health problem, although the ASR of prevalence, incidence, and DALY at the worldwide level showed a decreasing trend from 1990 to 2019, while the ASR of deaths increased slightly. However, the unfavorable trend observed in this study in countries with lower SDI suggests that current prevention and treatment strategies should be reoriented. Some countries should develop more targeted and specific strategies to prevent the increase of AF/AFL.
Is the reconstruction of medial support important for revision following failed treatment of femoral trochanteric fractures? A retrospective comparative study
Authors: QI Lin , ZHANG Wei , CHANG Zuhao , ZUO Zhaoxia , Li Jiaqi , LI Jiantao , CHEN Hua , Tang Peifu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Hip-preserving revision in patients with failed treatment of femoral trochanteric fracture is still a major challenge. Whether the medial support reconstruction could benefit the patients and improve the success rate of hip-preserving revision is still controversial. Hence, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance and prognosis of medial support reconstruction during the hip-preserving revision of failed femoral trochanteric fracture treatment.Methods: Patients with failed femoral trochanteric fractures treatments addressed by hip-preserving revision at our hospital from January 2014 to December 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. 31 patients were included and divided into a medial support group (n=16) and a non-medial support group (n=15). The Oxford Hip Score (OHS) was the primary measurement. In addition, the differences in quality of life, fracture healing, surgical trauma, and complications were also evaluated.Results: The OHS (42.06 ± 4.12 vs. 30.93 ± 11.56, M ± SD), the mental component score of the 12-item Short-Form Survey (SF-12) (54.48 ± 5.38 vs. 47.90 ± 3.47, M ± SD), the fracture healing rate (100%, 16/16 vs. 66.67%, 10/15), and the fracture healing time [4 (3,5) vs. 6 (3.75,6) months, M (Q1, Q3)] were significantly better and the incidence of complications [0(0/16) vs. 40%(6/15)] was significantly lower in the medial support group than the non-medial support group (p<0.05). No significant differences in the physical component score of the SF-12, surgical trauma and reduction in collodiaphyseal angle of affected femur were observed between groups.Conclusions: The reconstruction of medial support seems important for revision following failed treatment of femoral trochanteric fractures. Due to the medial augmentation and improvement of the mechanical stability for proximal femur, the patients might benefit from functional and fracture healing prognosis.