bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation, characterization, and application of modified magnetic biochar for the removal of benzotriazole: process optimization, isotherm and kinetic studies, and adsorbent regeneration
Authors: Hasanzadeh Maryam , Soltaninejad Yaser , Esmaeili Shirin , Babaei Ali Akbar 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The adsorption of benzotriazole (BTA) by chemically modiﬁed magnetic biochar (MMBC) as a cheap and abundant biosorbent was investigated and optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). Initially, the MMBC composite was synthesized and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) techniques. The characterization results confirmed the existence of Fe3O4 in the composite structure, which had uniformly dispersed over biochar (BC) with porous texture. Moreover, the presence of Zn and Cl elements in EDX analysis indicated that the magnetic biochar (MBC) had been modified successfully. The effects of chemical modiﬁcation methods on the adsorption capacity of magnetic biochar were investigated. Maximum BTA removal efficiency was demonstrated by MMBC, modifying using ZnCl2 (&gt;99%). Optimization was carried out based on reaction time, BTA concentration and the concentration of adsorbent. Optimum experimental conditions for the removal of BTA from aqueous solutions were found to be 35 min of reaction time, 0.55 g/L of adsorbent, and 50 mg/L of initial BTA concentration. At these optimal conditions, the predicted BTA adsorption efficiency was 92.6%. The adsorption process followed the Avrami fractional-order reaction kinetic and the Langmuir adsorption isotherm with the maximum adsorption capacity of 563.1 mg/g. The values of thermodynamic parameters demonstrated that the adsorption of BTA on ZnCl2-MBC is endothermic and spontaneous. Under optimum usage of MMBC, the adsorptive removal efficiency of BTA non-signiﬁcantly decreased from 99.2 to 93.9% after the 5th cycle. Thus, MMBC can be recommended as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective adsorbent to remove micropollutants from water.
Perspectives on Mental Health Evaluation in Pediatric Pulmonary Hypertension: A Call to Action
Authors: Parker Claire , Whalen Elise , McSweeney Julia , Brown Anna , Raj J. Usha , Mullen Mary P. 
Published: March 2022

Background
The already high rates of anxiety and depression among healthy children have increased further since the COVID-19 pandemic began in early 2020. Prepandemic data suggest children with chronic disease were already experiencing increased rates of anxiety and depression as compared to their healthy peers. There is currently a paucity of literature on the prevalence of anxiety and depression in patients with pediatric pulmonary hypertension. In addition, there are no practice recommendations regarding mental health screening in this population.

Implications for Providers
We evaluated provider perception of mental health screening at 14 pediatric pulmonary hypertension care centers across the United States and Canada using a cross-sectional survey. Thirty-seven providers from 14 pediatric pulmonary hypertension centers in North America completed the survey.

Conclusion
Health care providers caring for pediatric pulmonary hypertension patients perceive their patient cohort to frequently experience anxiety and depression. In addition, these providers believe that their patients would benefit from formalized, and routine, assessment of anxiety and depression with referral to mental health services as appropriate. This highlights the need to better understand the prevalence of anxiety and depression in pediatric pulmonary hypertension patients and to establish formal mental health screening practices within pediatric pulmonary hypertension care centers.
Social Media Participation Among Parents and Caregivers of Children With Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Whalen Elise , Hellsten Melody , Santucci Gina , Czyzewski Danita , Varghese Nidhy P. 
Published: March 2022

Background
Engagement in social media has risen nearly 60% over the last decade with consumers engaging in social media not only browse social networking websites, but also to share health information, view health-related videos, and contribute to online support groups. For parents and caregivers (PCGs) of children diagnosed with pulmonary hypertension, participation in social media can be one way to associate with others in a similar position as individuals can connect with others around the world and share information.

Methods
In this study, parental and caregiver involvement was explored through a cross-sectional study utilizing a survey method to evaluate current practices in social media groups. PCGs of over 300 patients from a large pediatric pulmonary hypertension center were approached for participation in the survey via their child’s web-based messaging portal connected to the electronic medical record. The survey was created in REDCap and given to parents electronically or on paper. The survey was comprised of 4 sections covering child demographics, PH medications and hospitalization encounters, social media utilization among PCGs, and the “Big 5 Personality Survey.”

Results
Eighteen PCGs completed sections 1–3 of the survey, and 6 PCGs completed the entirety of the survey (sections 1–4). The children represented in the survey had been diagnosed for an average of 5.5 years. Seventy percent of PCGs in the survey reported using social media as a support resource, utilizing 2–5 different social media platforms. PCGs reported feeling overwhelmed, connected, discouraged, depressed, supported, seen, and good when participating. Among respondents, the three highest-scoring personality traits were agreeableness (31.9), conscientiousness (27.2), and openness to experiences (26.7).

Conclusions
This is the first study that seeks to understand social media’s role as a support resource and its impact on PCGs of children diagnosed with pulmonary hypertension. It offers insight as to why PCGs may utilize social media platforms and emphasizes its significant role as a support resource for these families. Healthcare teams should consider evaluation of social media and support its role as a resource and source of education.
Propofol Rescued Astrocytes from LPS-induced Inflammatory Response via Blocking LncRNA-MEG3/NF-κB Axis
Authors: Xia Pingping , Ye Zhi , Zhang Fan , Wang Zhihua , Sun Bei , Huang Yan , Chen Cheng , Hu Jie , Li Longyan 
Published: March 2022

Objective:Evidences demonstrate that propofol attenuates neuro-inflammation following brain ischemia. Moreover, LncRNA-MEG3 has been identified as an independent prognostic marker for ischemic stroke patients, and found to correlate to cerebral ischemia in animal models. Therefore, the current study explored the role of propofol in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated inflammation in cultured astrocytes, along with the molecular mechanism involved in LncRNAMEG3/ NF-κB axis.Methods:The primary cultured astrocytes isolated from rats were used to establish an inflammatory model, which were treated with LPS. Propofol was administrated to the primary cultured astrocytes during LPS treatment. The effects of propofol on pro-inflammatory cytokines and the LncRNAMEG3/ NF-κB pathway were detected by ELISA, qRT-PCR and Western Blot assay, respectively. Then, dual-luciferase assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation and RNA immunoprecipitation were used to determine the interaction between LncRNA-MEG3 and NF-κB.Results:Our study found propofol to significantly reduce LncRNA-MEG3 expression, which was elevated in LPS-stimulated astrocytes. Moreover, both propofol and LncRNA-MEG3 knockdown remarkably alleviated LPS-induced cytotoxicity by suppressing expressions and release of proinflammatory cytokines. Loss of LncRNA-MEG3 notably suppressed the NF-κB activity and its phosphorylated activation. Additionally, it was also observed that LncRNA-MEG3 could bind nuclear p65/p50, and promote the binding of NF-κB to IL-6 and TNF-α promoters in the nucleus, subsequently stimulating the production of inflammatory cytokines in LPS-treated astrocytes. Furthermore, a specific inhibitor of NF-κB, PDTC, rescued astrocytes from LPS exposure without affecting the LncRNA-MEG3 expression.Conclusion:These findings demonstrate that LncRNA-MEG3 acts as a positive regulator of NF-κB, mediating the neuroprotection of propofol in LPS-triggered astrocytes injury.
Hair Cortisol Concentration as a Biomarker of Symptoms of Depression
in the Perinatal Period
Authors: Cauli Omar , Mlili Nisrin El , Ahabrach Hanan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
Pregnancy is a sensitive period when women experience major hormonal and psychological
changes. A high prevalence of the symptoms of depression and manifested major depression rates
have been reported during this period, leading to negative outcomes both for mothers and the offspring.
Despite its prevalence, the aetiology of depression is not yet fully understood. Nonetheless,
alterations in cortisol levels have been proposed as a reliable biomarker to identify pregnant women at
risk of perinatal depression. Hair cortisol has recently been extensively used in bio-psychological studies
as a suitable non-invasive biomarker for several neuropsychiatric disorders. Various studies have
published evidence regarding the relationship between cortisol fluctuations during the perinatal period,
measured both in hair and in other substrates, and the onset of perinatal symptoms of depression. This
current review provides an overview of cortisol level changes measured in women’s hair during pregnancy
or the postpartum period and its association with perinatal symptoms of depression. Further
studies, including repetitive measurement of both hair cortisol and depression throughout the prenatal
period, must be performed to clarify the relationship between cortisol levels and perinatal symptoms
of depression.
The Effects of Acute and Chronic Sleep Deprivation on the Immune Profile
in the Rat
Authors: Alzoubi Karem H. , Fahmawi Alaa , Khalifeh Mohammad S. , Rababa’h Abeer M. 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Acute and chronic sleep deprivation present many health-related prob-lems in modern societies, mainly concerning the immune system. Immune factors, particularly the interleukins, regulate sleep and, therefore, may be altered by sleep deprivation (SD). Objec-tives: We aimed to investigate the possible effects of acute and chronic sleep deprivation on se-lected cytokines, including interleukins (IL-1β, IL-9, IL-17, and IL-23) and tumor necrosis fac-tor-alpha (TNF-α).

Methods:
The animals were grouped into acute sleep-deprived (SD; for 24 hours) and chronic sleep-deprived (8 hours a day for 10, 20, and 30-days). The SD was induced using the multiple-platforms model. The serum levels of cytokines were measured using commercially available ELISA.

Results:
The serum levels of IL-1β were significantly reduced after acute SD, whereas they were increased after 20-days of chronic SD. The IL-9 levels were reduced after acute SD, increased after 10-days of SD, and reduced again after 30-days of SD. Conversely, the levels of IL-23 were not changed after acute SD, reduced after 10 days of SD, and increased after 30-days of SD. Levels of TNF-α were not changed after acute SD, whereas they were increased after 20 and 30-days of SD.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, both acute and chronic SD distinctly disturb the immune profile, which might result in the emergence of various pathologies presented during sleep deprivation.
Implementing Remote Collaboration in a Virtual Patient Platform: Usability Study
Authors: Kiesewetter Jan , Hege Inga , Sailer Michael , Bauer Elisabeth , Schulz Claudia , Platz Manfred , Adler Martin 
Published: March 2022

Background
Learning with virtual patients is highly popular for fostering clinical reasoning in medical education. However, little learning with virtual patients is done collaboratively, despite the potential learning benefits of collaborative versus individual learning.

Objective
This paper describes the implementation of student collaboration in a virtual patient platform. Our aim was to allow pairs of students to communicate remotely with each other during virtual patient learning sessions. We hypothesized that we could provide a collaborative tool that did not impair the usability of the system compared to individual learning and that this would lead to better diagnostic accuracy for the pairs of students.

Methods
Implementing the collaboration tool had five steps: (1) searching for a suitable software library, (2) implementing the application programming interface, (3) performing technical adaptations to ensure high-quality connections for the users, (4) designing and developing the user interface, and (5) testing the usability of the tool in 270 virtual patient sessions. We compared dyad to individual diagnostic accuracy and usability with the 10-item System Usability Scale.

Results
We recruited 137 students who worked on 6 virtual patients. Out of 270 virtual patient sessions per group (45 dyads times 6 virtual patients, and 47 students working individually times 6 virtual patients minus 2 randomly selected deleted sessions) the students made successful diagnoses in 143/270 sessions (53%, SD 26%) when working alone and 192/270 sessions (71%, SD 20%) when collaborating (P=.04, η2=0.12). A usability questionnaire given to the students who used the collaboration tool showed a usability score of 82.16 (SD 1.31), representing a B+ grade.

Conclusions
The collaboration tool provides a generic approach for collaboration that can be used with most virtual patient systems. The collaboration tool helped students diagnose virtual patients and had good overall usability. More broadly, the collaboration tool will provide an array of new possibilities for researchers and medical educators alike to design courses for collaborative learning with virtual patients.
The Association Between Actigraphy-Derived Behavioral Clusters and Self-Reported Fatigue in Persons With Multiple Sclerosis: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Gulde Philipp , Rieckmann Peter 
Published: March 2022

Background
Persons with multiple sclerosis frequently report increased levels of fatigue and fatigability. However, behavioral surrogates that are strongly associated with self-reports are lacking, which limits research and treatment.

Objective
The aim of this study was to derive distinct behavioral syndromes that are reflected by self-reports concerning fatigue and fatigability.

Methods
We collected actigraphic data of 30 persons with multiple sclerosis over a period of 1 week during an inpatient stay at a neurorehabilitation facility. Further, participants completed the German fatigue severity scale. A principal component analysis of actigraphic parameters was performed to extract the latent component levels of behaviors that reflect fatigue (quantity of activity) and fatigability (fragmentation of activity). The resulting components were used in a cluster analysis.

Results
Analyses suggested 3 clusters, one with high activity (d=0.65-1.57) and low clinical disability levels (d=0.91-1.39), one with high levels of sedentary behavior (d=1.06-1.58), and one with strong activity fragmentation (d=1.39-1.94). The cluster with high levels of sedentary behavior further revealed strong differences from the other clusters concerning participants’ reported levels of fatigue (d=0.99-1.28).

Conclusions
Cluster analysis data proved to be feasible to meaningfully differentiate between different behavioral syndromes. Self-reports reflected the different behavioral syndromes strongly. Testing of additional domains (eg, volition or processing speed) and assessments during everyday life seem warranted to better understand the origins of reported fatigue symptomatology.
Consumer Devices for Patient-Generated Health Data Using Blood Pressure Monitors for Managing Hypertension: Systematic Review
Authors: Treadwell Jonathan R , Rouse Benjamin , Reston James , Fontanarosa Joann , Patel Neha , Mull Nikhil K 
Published: March 2022

Background
In the era of digital health information technology, there has been a proliferation of devices that collect patient-generated health data (PGHD), including consumer blood pressure (BP) monitors. Despite their widespread use, it remains unclear whether such devices can improve health outcomes.

Objective
We performed a systematic review of the literature on consumer BP monitors that collect PGHD for managing hypertension to summarize their clinical impact on health and surrogate outcomes. We focused particularly on studies designed to measure the specific effect of using a BP monitor independent of cointerventions. We have also summarized the process and consumer experience outcomes.

Methods
An information specialist searched PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase for controlled studies on consumer BP monitors published up to May 12, 2020. We assessed the risk of bias using an adapted 9-item appraisal tool and performed a narrative synthesis of the results.

Results
We identified 41 different types of BP monitors used in 49 studies included for review. Device engineers judged that 38 (92%) of those devices were similar to the currently available consumer BP monitors. The median sample size was 222 (IQR 101-416) participants, and the median length of follow-up was 6 (IQR 3-12) months. Of the included studies, 18 (36%) were designed to isolate the clinical effects of BP monitors; 6 of the 18 (33%) studies evaluated health outcomes (eg, mortality, hospitalizations, and quality of life), and data on those outcomes were unclear. The lack of clarity was due to low event rates, short follow-up duration, and risk of bias. All 18 studies that isolated the effect of BP monitors measured both systolic and diastolic BP and generally demonstrated a decrease of 2 to 4 mm Hg in systolic BP and 1 to 3 mm Hg in diastolic BP compared with non–BP monitor groups. Adherence to using consumer BP monitors ranged from 38% to 89%, and ease of use and satisfaction ratings were generally high. Adverse events were infrequent, but there were a few technical problems with devices (eg, incorrect device alerts).

Conclusions
Overall, BP monitors offer small benefits in terms of BP reduction; however, the health impact of these devices continues to remain unclear. Future studies are needed to examine the effectiveness of BP monitors that transmit data to health care providers. Additional data from implementation studies may help determine which components are critical for sustained BP improvement, which in turn may improve prescription decisions by clinicians and coverage decisions by policy makers.
Panic-Buying Behavior During The Covid-19 Pandemic in Indonesia: A Social Cognitive Theoretical Model
Authors: Patiro Shine Pintor Siolemba , Budiyanti Hety , Hendarto Kresno Agus , Hendrian Hendrian 
Published: March 2022

Currently, there are limited studies on the application of the social cognitive theory in social psychology, particularly in explaining and predicting panic-buying behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. This study is primarily aimed at acknowledging the role of the social cognitive theory’s development in explaining and predicting the panic-buying behavior of Indonesian citizens during the COVID-19 pandemic. The development of the theory is attained by combining emotions and subjective norms to predict the panic-buying behavior intention in Indonesia. Using a purposive sampling technique, the sample size consists of 350 respondents from various areas, such as Jakarta, Tangerang, and Banten. An online survey was performed as the data collection method. Social desirabilit response (SDR) test was also conducted by this study to guarantee the naturality of the replies from the respondents. Data were then analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) with a two-stage approach. The result demonstrated that emotions have the highest impact on the panic-buying behavioral intention. Further, subjective norms, self-efficacy, and social outcome expectancies have the second, third, and fourth highest impacts on panic-buying behavior, respectively. In general, the social cognitive theory model developed in this study can understand, explain, and predict panic-buying behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak in Indonesia. Overall, the results of this study may serve as basic information for practitioners and business persons by providing insights regarding the factors that form consumers’ intentions and behavior during the pandemic, relating to their buying decisions.
Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Treatment sebagai Upaya Menurunkan Biaya Pasien Ulkus Diabetik yang Terinfeksi
Authors: Sinorita Hemi , Asdie Rizka Humardewayanti , Hartati Tri , Sumarningsih Pebriati , Rahayu Titik , Puspitasari Ika 
Published: March 2022

Ulkus diabetik terinfeksi memerlukan terapi antibiotik yang tepat untuk menghindari risiko amputasi. Tujuan utama program Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Treatment (OPAT) adalah memungkinkan pasien memperoleh terapi antibiotik parenteral dengan aman dan efektif tanpa menjalani rawat inap. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan biaya pemberian antibiotika parenteral dan kualitas hidup pasien antara pasien ulkus diabetik terinfeksi yang memperoleh pelayanan rawat inap dan OPAT. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian ini adalah quasi experimental pada pasien ulkus diabetika yang terinfeksi di di RSUP dr. Sardjito Agustus 2019 sampai April 2020 dengan kriteria inklusi pasien umur ≥ 18 tahun; kondisi klinis stabil; sudah didapatkan hasil kultur swab dasar luka, dengan kriteria eksklusi pasien imunocompromised (pasien kanker dan pasien transplantasi organ yang mendapatkan terapi imunosuppresan serta pasien HIV). Pasien mendapat perawatan luka dua kali dalam seminggu di poliklinik endokrin untuk dinilai outcome klinisnya dan pada akhir pengobatan mengisi kuisioner kualitas hidup SF36. Selanjutnya dihitung biayanya dan dianalisa perbedaan kualitas hidup serta biaya antara OPAT dibanding rawat inap. Selama penelitian terdapat 15 pasien kelompok OPAT dan 15 pasien kelompok rawat inap. Dari sisi perbaikan klinis terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara skor PEDIS kelompok OPAT terhadap kelompok Rawat Inap (p = 0,007). Pembiayaan pelayanan OPAT menghemat biaya medik langsung sebanyak 75,77% dari pembiayaan pelayanan rawat inap dengan total pelayanan OPAT sebesar Rp 2.556.117,- dan pelayanan rawat inap sebesar Rp 10.549.487,-. Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna pada beberapa domain kualitas hidup yaitu domain fungsi peran emosional (p=0,045); domain fungsi sosial (p<0,01) dan score MCS (Mental Component Summary (p=0,005). OPAT meningkatkan 3 domain fungsi ini.