bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased standardised incidence ratio of cardiovascular diseases among colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Hsu Hsin-Yin , Chern Yih-Jong , Hsieh Cheng-Tzu , Yeh Tzu-Lin , Tsai Ming-Chieh , Wang Chia-Chun , Hsiao Bo-Yu , Jhuang Jing-Rong , Chiang Chun-Ju , Lee Wen-Chung , Chien Kuo-Liong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Evidence regarding the relationship between colorectal cancer and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is limited. Thus, in this study, we aimed to determine the standardised incidence ratio (SIR) of CVDs in colorectal cancer patients in Taiwan.

Methods
A population-based cohort study enrolling the incident colorectal cancer population based on the Cancer Registry Database from 2007 to 2016 was conducted (n = 94,233, mean age: 62.4 years, 43.0% women). New cases of CVD, including coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke, through 31 December 2018 were obtained from the National Health Insurance Research Database and National Death Registry. Compared with the general population (n = 1,977,659, mean age: 44.3 years, 49.6% women), age- and sex-specific SIRs for CVDs were calculated by the time since diagnosis.

Results
A total of 6852 cardiovascular events occurred in colorectal cancer patients during a median follow-up of 4.4 years. The SIR of CVD was highest in the first year after diagnosis (SIR: 1.45, 95% confidence interval: 1.39–1.50); however, this decreased to the same value as that of the general population in later years. Similar patterns were observed for the SIR of coronary heart disease. However, the SIR of ischemic stroke among colorectal cancer patients was low from the second year following cancer diagnosis.

Conclusions
Colorectal cancer patients are at an increased risk of developing CVD, especially coronary heart disease, during the first 3 years following colorectal cancer diagnosis.
Association between mobile work and work ability: a longitudinal study under the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Berling Ines , Jöllenbeck Marlies , Stamer Tjorven , Ochsmann Elke 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective
This study examines the effect of mobile work on work ability as direct predictor and as factor moderating workplace stressors and resources. Originally, the study focused on the effects of mobile work on work ability in a mobile test group compared to office workers. As the study period of 1 year collided with the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown restrictions, we can now explore the association of mobile work and work ability before and during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
This longitudinal, exploratory study took place in a medium-sized company in the social insurance sector in Germany. We used a mixed-methods design (online survey and focus group interviews) with two survey dates 1 year apart (T0: summer/autumn 2019 (before COVID-19 pandemic), T1: summer 2020 (during COVID-19 pandemic, after first strict lockdown)). Quantitative data, which are reported here, were collected by means of an online questionnaire, which includes questions on mobile work and validated measures for work-related stressors and resources and work ability. Non-parametric tests, regression analysis, and logistic regression models were used for data analysis.

Results
The linked data set of both survey dates includes N = 102 persons (men: 37%, mean age: 41–50 years). Interestingly, we found an improvement in work ability over the course of the study (p = 0.007), although it included the first and most drastic COVID-19 restrictions in Germany. Before the pandemic, correlations between work ability and work-related stressors (e.g., work–privacy conflicts) and resources (e.g., sense of community) were evident. Some of these factors are moderated by mobile work. During the COVID-19 pandemic, mobile work was identified as independent factor for work ability. In addition, technology competence conviction gained importance as a personal resource in our cohort.

Conclusions
Work ability can be influenced by many factors. Our study, which allowed for a comparison of work ability before and during COVID-19 pandemic, suggests that mobile work can be especially helpful to maintain work ability in times of change. Our findings support the notion that—under normal conditions—mobile work can influence work ability via work-related stressors and resources. In times of changes, it can have an independent effect on work ability. It must be assumed that the effects can be highly individual or context-specific.
Six Lines: A Methodological Agenda for Critical Gang Studies
Authors: Fraser Alistair , Van Hellemont Elke 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn the twenty-first century, the established methodological props for gang research have worn increasingly thin. Place-based definitions involving territorial groups confined to neighbourhood fiefdoms have become increasingly fractured, as shifts in social life increasingly overwhelm and undercut such approaches. This paper seeks to offer a new methodological agenda for transnational gang studies that is premised on the significance ofmobilityandflow. The paper first sets out a review of existing approaches, drawing on three established lines in critical gang studies—vertical, horizontal and parallel—which are rooted in place. Next, we suggest three emergent lines—circular, radial and transversal—which are designed to interrogate dynamics of mobility and technology in global gang studies. We suggest, in conclusion, that methods based on ‘flow’ should not replace those rooted in ‘place’ but must operate in a dialogue between online and terrestrial space, paying close attention to the role technology plays in shaping social interaction.
On the adequacy of static analysis warnings with respect to code smell prediction
Authors: Pecorelli Fabiano , Lujan Savanna , Lenarduzzi Valentina , Palomba Fabio , De Lucia Andrea 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCode smells are poor implementation choices that developers apply while evolving source code and that affect program maintainability. Multiple automated code smell detectors have been proposed: while most of them relied on heuristics applied over software metrics, a recent trend concerns the definition of machine learning techniques. However, machine learning-based code smell detectors still suffer from low accuracy: one of the causes is the lack of adequate features to feed machine learners. In this paper, we face this issue by investigating the role of static analysis warnings generated by three state-of-the-art tools to be used as features of machine learning models for the detection of seven code smell types. We conduct a three-step study in which we (1) verify the relation between static analysis warnings and code smells and the potential predictive power of these warnings; (2) build code smell prediction models exploiting and combining the most relevant features coming from the first analysis; (3) compare and combine the performance of the best code smell prediction model with the one achieved by a state of the art approach. The results reveal the low performance of the models exploiting static analysis warnings alone, while we observe significant improvements when combining the warnings with additional code metrics. Nonetheless, we still find that the best model does not perform better than a random model, hence leaving open the challenges related to the definition of ad-hoc features for code smell prediction.
A review of the microtremor horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (MHVSR) method
Authors: Molnar S. , Sirohey A. , Assaf J. , Bard P.-Y. , Castellaro S. , Cornou C. , Cox B. , Guillier B. , Hassani B. , Kawase H. , Matsushima S. , Sánchez-Sesma F. J. , Yong A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe single-station microtremor horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (MHVSR) method was initially proposed to retrieve the site amplification function and its resonance frequencies produced by unconsolidated sediments overlying high-velocity bedrock. Presently, MHVSR measurements are predominantly conducted to obtain an estimate of the fundamental site frequency at sites where a strong subsurface impedance contrast exists. Of the earthquake site characterization methods presented in this special issue, the MHVSR method is the furthest behind in terms of consensus towards standardized guidelines and commercial use. The greatest challenges to an international standardization of MHVSR acquisition and analysis are (1) thewhat— the underlying composition of the microtremor wavefield is site-dependent, and thus, the appropriate theoretical (forward) model for inversion is still debated; and (2) thehow— many factors and options are involved in the data acquisition, processing, and interpretation stages. This paper reviews briefly a historical development of the MHVSR technique and the physical basis of an MHVSR (thewhat). We then summarize recommendations for MHVSR acquisition and analysis (thehow). Specific sections address MHVSR interpretation and uncertainty assessment.
Enlarging the divide? Per-Capita Income as a measure of social inequalities in a southern European City
Authors: Rontos Kostas , Ermini Barbara , Salvati Luca 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEarlier studies relating form and functions of cities address an intriguing and complex research issue, especially for specific urban typologies. Although with inherent differences on a local scale, Mediterranean cities represent diversified settlement morphologies and multifaceted socioeconomic contexts. The present study investigates the socioeconomic structure at the base of rapid development of a large Mediterranean agglomeration (Athens, Greece). Results of a multivariate analysis of the spatial distribution of average (per-capita) declared income and non-parametric correlations of contextual indicators suggest that the characteristic socio-spatial structure of the 1970s and the 1980s in Athens had slightly changed in recent times. A remarkable segregation in wealthy and disadvantaged communities - well beyond the urban-rural divide usually observed in Mediterranean regions - consolidated in recent decades. Despite economic transformations shaping urban design and infrastructural networks, persistent disparities between affluent and economically depressed neighborhoods still characterize the socio-spatial structure of contemporary Athens.
Corrosion processes of silver nanoparticles
Authors: Keast Vicki J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe corrosion of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on exposure to ambient air was studied using imaging and analysis in the scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM). Secondary particles are formed on exposure to ambient air, and these are more numerous and more widely distributed as the relative humidity increases. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDS) confirms that the particles contain Ag and S. Electron energy loss spectra (EELS) in the valence part of the spectrum (< ~ 50 eV) identify the corrosion product as Ag2S on comparison with spectra from reference compounds. The EELS measurements also allow for a direct visualisation of the shift in the energy of the surface plasmon peak that occurs when the corrosion product is in contact with the particle. The experiments confirm that advanced electron microscopy methods have an important role in investigating corrosion of nanoparticulate systems.
Bioethics in an oncological surgery unit during the COVID-19 pandemic: the Verona experience
Authors: Tuveri Massimiliano , Bassi Claudio , Esposito Alessandro , Casetti Luca , Landoni Luca , Malleo Giuseppe , Marchegiani Giovanni , Paiella Salvatore , Fontana Martina , De Pastena Matteo , Antonio Pea , Perri Giampaolo , Balduzzi Alberto , Polati Enrico , Montemezzi Gabriele , Donadello Katia , Milan Beatrice , Simari Salvatore , De Leo Domenico , Personi Beatrice , Marinelli Veronica , Ohnsorge Kathrin , Adda Veronica , Salvia Roberto ,   The Verona Pancreas Institute Bioethics Multidisciplinary Group
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe spread of COVID-19 has overwhelmed medical facilities across the globe, with patients filling beds in both regular wards and in intensive care units. The repurposing of hospital facilities has resulted in a dramatic decrease in the capacity of hospitals—in terms of available beds, surgical facilities, and medical and nursing staff— to care for oncology patients. The Italian National Board of Bioethics provided precise and homogeneous guidelines for the allocation of the scarce resources available. In our experience, strictly following these general guidelines and not considering the clinical vocation of each single health care center did not allow us to resume usual activities but generated further confusion in resource allocation. To face the scarcity of available resources and guarantee our patients fair access to the health care system we created a surgical triage with four fundamental steps. We took into consideration “ well defined and widely accepted clinical prognostic factors ” as stated by the Italian Society of Anesthesia and Resuscitation. We were able to draw up a list of patients giving priority to those who theoretically should have a greater chance of overcoming their critical situation. The age criterion has also been used in the overall evaluation of different cure options in each case, but it has never been considered on its own or outside the other clinical parameters. Although not considered acceptable by many we had to forcefully adopt the criterion of comparison between patients to give priority to those most in need of immediate care.
Cesàro-like operators acting on spaces of analytic functions
Authors: Galanopoulos Petros , Girela Daniel , Merchán Noel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLet $${\mathbb {D}}$$
D
be the unit disc in $${\mathbb {C}}$$
C
. If $$\mu $$
μ
is a finite positive Borel measure on the interval [0, 1) and f is an analytic function in $${\mathbb {D}}$$
D
, $$f(z)=\sum _{n=0}^\infty a_nz^n$$

f

(
z
)

=

∑

n
=
0

∞

a
n

z
n

($$z\in {\mathbb {D}}$$

z
∈
D

), we define $$\begin{aligned} {\mathcal {C}}_\mu (f)(z)= \sum _{n=0}^\infty \mu _n\left( \sum _{k=0}^na_k\right) z^n,\quad z\in {\mathbb {D}}, \end{aligned}$$

C
μ

(
f
)

(
z
)

=

∑

n
=
0

∞

μ
n

∑

k
=
0

n

a
k

z
n

,

z
∈
D
,

where, for $$n\ge 0$$

n
≥
0

, $$\mu _n$$

μ
n

denotes the n-th moment of the measure $$\mu $$
μ
, that is, $$\mu _n=\int _{[0, 1)}t^nd\mu (t).$$

μ
n

=

∫

[
0
,
1
)

t
n

d
μ

(
t
)

.

In this way, $${\mathcal {C}}_\mu $$

C
μ

becomes a linear operator defined on the space $${\mathrm{Hol}}({\mathbb {D}})$$

Hol
(
D
)

of all analytic functions in $${\mathbb {D}}$$
D
. We study the action of the operators $${\mathcal {C}}_\mu $$

C
μ

on distinct spaces of analytic functions in $${\mathbb {D}}$$
D
, such as the Hardy spaces $$H^p$$

H
p

, the weighted Bergman spaces $$A^p_\alpha $$

A
α
p

, BMOA, and the Bloch space $${\mathcal {B}}$$
B
.
Large-scale distributed fiber optic sensing network for short and long-term integrity monitoring of tunnel linings
Authors: Monsberger Christoph M. , Bauer Peter , Buchmayer Fabian , Lienhart Werner 
Published: March 2022

AbstractStructural integrity assessment is essential in modern tunneling to ensure safe construction works. State-of-the-art monitoring approaches like displacement readings of geodetic prisms are often limited in the spatial as well as the temporal measurement resolution, which is why potential safety hazards might be overlooked. This paper introduces a large-scale distributed fiber optic sensing (DFOS) network inside the tunnel lining of a highway tunnel currently under construction in Austria. The tunnel construction site faces challenging geological conditions with loose rock excavation near to the surface with minimal covering. Fiber optic sensing cables were installed along both tunnel tubes to autonomously monitor 13 cross-sections of the primary shotcrete lining, about 220 m of the tunnel in longitudinal direction and 10 cross-sections of the secondary inner lining. Measurements are continuously evaluated and autonomously transferred to the geotechnical engineer on-site for further analysis. While the construction works are ongoing, alerts are additionally sent out automatically, if pre-defined thresholds are exceeded. The paper outcomes demonstrate that the innovative DFOS system immediately responds to structural modifications and, indeed, increases safety at the construction site.
Α study on the Gas-bearing Miocene Sediments of MESSARA Basin in Crete (Greece) by Using Seismic Reflection, Geochemical and Petrophysical Data
Authors: Panagopoulos George , Vafidis Antonios , Soupios Pantelis , Manoutsoglou Emmanouil 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe focus on exploiting natural gas resources has been increased in the recent years since it was characterized as the transitional fuel to a net-zero era. Consequently, a reevaluation of the gas resources under a new perspective seems to be logical. Within this context, the gas-bearing Miocene sediments of the Messara basin in Crete (Greece) are discussed in this paper. The gas shows have been first reported during the 1990’s, without being thoroughly evaluated. This paper presents the interpretation of eight legacy onshore seismic reflection lines, which led to the construction of the 3D subsurface structural model of the Neogene Messara basin. The seismic data reveals the basin depocenter which accommodates approximately 1500 m of the Miocene sediments. The relationship of the Miocene deposits with the existence of shallow gas is also examined and discussed. New organic geochemical results combined with the published geochemical data are used to discuss the gas generation potential of the Miocene sediments. The porosity and permeability measurements on surface samples are also presented to describe the reservoir characteristics. The integration of the data mentioned above suggests that the Miocene sediments of the Messara basin comprise intervals with adequate organic matter to generate the observed gasses and good reservoir sandstones to accumulate the generated gas. The gas might have been trapped by lateral and vertical facies changes which provide efficient stratigraphic trapping mechanisms.
Testosterone does not affect lower urinary tract symptoms while improving markers of prostatitis in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Rastrelli G. , Cipriani S. , Lotti F. , Cellai I. , Comeglio P. , Filippi S. , Boddi V. , Della Camera P. A. , Santi R. , Boni L. , Nesi G. , Serni S. , Gacci M. , Maggi M. , Vignozzi L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is a result of prostate inflammation, frequently occurring in metabolic syndrome (MetS). Low testosterone is common in MetS. A randomized clinical trial was designed to evaluate if 24 weeks of testosterone therapy (TTh) in BPH men with MetS and low testosterone improve urinary symptoms and prostate inflammation.

Methods
One-hundred-twenty men with MetS waitlisted for BPH surgery were enrolled. They were categorized into normal testosterone (TT ≥ 12 nmol/L and cFT ≥ 225 pmol/L; n = 48) and testosterone deficient (TD) (TT < 12 nmol/L and/or cFT < 225 pmol/L; n = 72) then randomized to testosterone gel 2% (5 g/daily) or placebo for 24 weeks. At baseline and follow-up, questionnaires for urinary symptoms and trans-rectal ultrasound were performed. Prostate tissue was collected for molecular and histopathological analyses.

Results
No differences in the improvement of urinary symptoms were found between TTh and placebo (OR [95% CI] 0.96 [0.39; 2.37]). In TD + TTh, increase in prostate but not adenoma volume was observed (2.64 mL [0.07; 5.20] and 1.82 mL [− 0.46; 0.41], respectively). Ultrasound markers of inflammation were improved. In a subset of 61 men, a hyper-expression of several pro-inflammatory genes was found in TD + placebo when compared with normal testosterone. TTh was able to counteract this effect. For 80 men, the inflammatory infiltrate was higher in TD + placebo than in normal testosterone (0.8 points [0.2; 1.4]) and TD + TTh men (0.9 points [0.2; 1.5]).

Conclusions
Twenty-four weeks of TTh in TD men with BPH and MetS improves ultrasound, molecular and histological proxies of prostate inflammation. This does not result in symptom improvement.
Importance of stepwise ionization from the metastable state in electron cyclotron resonance ion thrusters
Authors: Yamashita Yusuke , Tsukizaki Ryudo , Nishiyama Kazutaka 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) thrusters, the plasma mode transition is a critical phenomenon because it determines the maximum thrust performance. In ECR ion thrusters, ionization generally occurs in the magnetic confinement region, where electrons are continuously heated by ECR and confined by magnetic mirrors. However, as the flow rate increases, ionization is also observed outside the magnetic confinement region, and this induces the plasma mode transition. In our previous work, two-photon absorption laser-induced fluorescence (TALIF) analysis revealed that the stepwise ionization from the metastable state plays an important role in the ionization process. However, the distribution of the stepwise ionization has not yet been revealed because of the long lifetime of the metastable state. In this study, this distribution was investigated using one experimental and two numerical approaches. First, TALIF was applied to two types of gas injection with clear differences in thrust performance and ground-state neutral density distribution. In the first simulation, the metastable state particle simulation was used to estimate the excitation rate distribution. In the second study, simulations of the electric field of microwaves were used to estimate the contribution of the stepwise ionization to the plasma density. The experimental and numerical results revealed that the stepwise ionization spreads outside the magnetic confinement region because of the diffusion of metastable particles, and this spread induces the plasma mode transition, explaining the difference between the two types of gas injection.
The potential impact of adverse aircraft-pilot couplings on the safety of tilt-rotor operations
Authors: Padfield G. D. , Lu L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper addresses the potential impact of adverse aircraft-pilot couplings on tiltrotor safety, when a pilot or autopilot attempts to constrain flight dynamics with strong control. The work builds on previously published research on the theory and application of constrained flight to fixed- and rotary-wing aircraft. Tiltrotor aircraft feature characteristics from both types of aircraft and how these determine behaviour in a unique manner is investigated using a FLIGHTLAB simulation model of the XV-15 aircraft. Two different scenarios are explored in detail, using linearised models that reflect the flight-physics of stability for small deviations from trim. First, the control of vertical flight path with longitudinal cyclic pitch and elevator, and the consequences for the stability of the aircraft surge mode and short-period pitch-heave mode. The classical surge-mode instability for flight at speeds below minimum power is shown to apply to the tiltrotor in helicopter mode but alleviated in conversion and airplane modes. The impact on the short–period mode is seen to be a trade-off between the stabilising pitch attitude and destabilising incidence (angle-of-attack) contributions to the flight-path angle. The second example concerns strong control of roll attitude in the presence of adverse aileron-yaw. Here, the yaw-sway motion can be driven unstable, a problem encountered on fixed-wing aircraft with weak weathercock stability, but rare in the rotorcraft world. For both examples, the loss of stability is expressed as the change in sign of effective damping or stiffness stability derivatives. The explanatory theory for these non-oscillatory or low-frequency aircraft-pilot couplings is presented, along with interpretations in terms of handling qualities criteria. The paper also addresses the question of how to translate the findings into a form of aeronautical knowledge useful for the pilot training community.