bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Randomized Synthesis for Diversity and Cost Constraints with Control Improvisation
Authors: Gittis Andreas , Vin Eric , Fremont Daniel J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn many synthesis problems, it can be essential to generate implementations which not only satisfy functional constraints but are also randomized to improve variety, robustness, or unpredictability. The recently-proposed framework of control improvisation (CI) provides techniques for the correct-by-construction synthesis of randomized systems subject to hard and soft constraints. However, prior work on CI has focused on qualitative specifications, whereas in robotic planning and other areas we often have quantitative quality metrics which can be traded against each other. For example, a designer of a patrolling security robot might want to know by how much the average patrol time needs to be increased in order to ensure that a particular aspect of the robot’s route is sufficiently diverse and hence unpredictable. In this paper, we enable this type of application by generalizing the CI problem to support quantitative soft constraints which bound the expected value of a given cost function, and randomness constraints which enforce diversity of the generated traces with respect to a given label function. We establish the basic theory of labelled quantitative CI problems, and develop efficient algorithms for solving them when the specifications are encoded by finite automata. We also provide an approximate improvisation algorithm based on constraint solving for any specifications encodable as Boolean formulas. We demonstrate the utility of our problem formulation and algorithms with experiments applying them to generate diverse near-optimal plans for robotic planning problems.
Playing Against Fair Adversaries in Stochastic Games with Total Rewards
Authors: Castro Pablo F. , D’Argenio Pedro R. , Demasi Ramiro , Putruele Luciano 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe investigate zero-sum turn-based two-player stochastic games in which the objective of one player is to maximize the amount of rewards obtained during a play, while the other aims at minimizing it. We focus on games in which the minimizer plays in a fair way. We believe that these kinds of games enjoy interesting applications in software verification, where the maximizer plays the role of a system intending to maximize the number of “milestones” achieved, and the minimizer represents the behavior of some uncooperative but yet fair environment. Normally, to study total reward properties, games are requested to be stopping (i.e., they reach a terminal state with probability 1). We relax the property to request that the game is stopping only under a fair minimizing player. We prove that these games are determined, i.e., each state of the game has a value defined. Furthermore, we show that both players have memoryless and deterministic optimal strategies, and the game value can be computed by approximating the greatest-fixed point of a set of functional equations. We implemented our approach in a prototype tool, and evaluated it on an illustrating example and an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle case study.
Divide-and-Conquer Determinization of Büchi Automata Based on SCC Decomposition
Authors: Li Yong , Turrini Andrea , Feng Weizhi , Vardi Moshe Y. , Zhang Lijun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe determinization of a nondeterministic Büchi automaton (NBA) is a fundamental construction of automata theory, with applications to probabilistic verification and reactive synthesis. The standard determinization constructions, such as the ones based on the Safra-Piterman’s approach, work on the whole NBA. In this work we propose a divide-and-conquer determinization approach. To this end, we first classify the strongly connected components (SCCs) of the given NBA as inherently weak, deterministic accepting, and nondeterministic accepting. We then present how to determinize each type of SCC independently from the others; this results in an easier handling of the determinization algorithm that takes advantage of the structure of that SCC. Once all SCCs have been determinized, we show how to compose them so to obtain the final equivalent deterministic Emerson-Lei automaton, which can be converted into a deterministic Rabin automaton without blow-up of states and transitions. We implement our algorithm in our tool COLA and empirically evaluate COLA with the state-of-the-art tools Spot and Owl on a large set of benchmarks from the literature. The experimental results show that our prototype COLA outperforms Spot and Owl regarding the number of states and transitions.
From Spot 2.0 to Spot 2.10: What’s New?
Authors: Duret-Lutz Alexandre , Renault Etienne , Colange Maximilien , Renkin Florian , Gbaguidi Aisse Alexandre , Schlehuber-Caissier Philipp , Medioni Thomas , Martin Antoine , Dubois Jérôme , Gillard Clément , Lauko Henrich 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSpot is a C++17 library for LTL and$$\omega $$ω-automata manipulation, with command-line utilities, and Python bindings. This paper summarizes its evolution over the past six years, since the release of Spot 2.0, which was the first version to support$$\omega $$ω-automata with arbitrary acceptance conditions, and the last version presented at a conference. Since then, Spot has been extended with several features such as acceptance transformations, alternating automata, games, LTL synthesis, and more. We also shed some lights on the data-structure used to store automata.Artifact:https://zenodo.org/record/6521395.
On extraction of twist-two Compton form factors from DVCS observables through harmonic analysis
Authors: Shiells Kyle , Guo Yuxun , Ji Xiangdong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We investigate the exercise of locally extracting the real and imaginary parts of the four twist-2 Compton form factors (CFFs) $$ \left\{\mathcal{H},\mathcal{E},\overset{\sim }{\mathcal{H}},\overset{\sim }{\mathcal{E}}\right\} $$

H
E

H
~

E
~

which arise in the deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) process e + p → e + p + γ. Neglecting dynamical higher-twist contributions, we find that there are a sufficient number of DVCS observables and degrees of freedom to extract all 8 leading quantities model-independently, exploiting the azimuthal dependence of the absolute cross sections across all possible beam and target polarizations at a common kinematical point in {Q, t, xB, y}. As an example, for typical JLab lab-frame kinematics, we simplify the reduced DVCS observables to their dominant terms, providing a sufficient number of equations for local determination of the twist-2 CFFs. We demonstrate the feasibility using harmonic fitting to both cross sections and beam spin asymmetries with both real and pseudo-data.
Higgs branches of U/SU quivers via brane locking
Authors: Bourget Antoine , Grimminger Julius F. , Hanany Amihay , Kalveks Rudolph , Zhong Zhenghao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We solve a long standing problem on the computation of the Higgs branch $$ \mathcal{H} $$
H
of linear quivers with 8 supercharges and with both unitary and special unitary gauge nodes. The solution uses the concept of magnetic quivers, where components of $$ \mathcal{H} $$
H
are described as 3d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 Coulomb branches. When the starting quiver is good, there is a single component in $$ \mathcal{H} $$
H
and the magnetic quiver is a 3d mirror. The magnetic quivers are obtained from studying the brane web for an auxiliary 5d theory (with only special unitary gauge groups), constrained by a new notion called brane locking, where some branes are required to move together. We view this as a computational tool rather than an operation in 5d. A detailed algorithm is provided.
Categories of quantum liquids I
Authors: Kong Liang , Zheng Hao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We develop a mathematical theory of separable higher categories based on Gaiotto and Johnson-Freyd’s work on condensation completion. Based on this theory, we prove some fundamental results on Em-multi-fusion higher categories and their higher centers. We also outline a theory of unitary higher categories based on a ∗-version of condensation completion. After these mathematical preparations, based on the idea of topological Wick rotation, we develop a unified mathematical theory of all quantum liquids, which include topological orders, SPT/SET orders, symmetry-breaking orders and CFT-like gapless phases. We explain that a quantum liquid consists of two parts, the topological skeleton and the local quantum symmetry, and show that all nD quantum liquids form a ∗-condensation complete higher category whose equivalence type can be computed explicitly from a simple coslice 1-category.
The quest for a conifold conformal order
Authors: Buchel Alex 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The holographic duality between cascading gauge theory and type IIB supergravity on warped deformed conifold with fluxes reveals exotic thermal phases with nonzero expectation values of certain operators, persistent to high temperatures. These phases, in the limit of vanishing the strong coupling scale of the cascading gauge theory, would realize thermal ordered conformal phases in ℝ3,1 relativistic QFT. We find that the dual Klebanov-Strassler/Klebanov-Tseytlin black branes in this limit are outside the regime of the supergravity approximation, rendering the construction of such conformal ordered states unreliable. While we have been able to construct conformal order in phenomenologically deformed effective theory of type IIB supergravity reduced on warped deformed conifold with fluxes, the removal of the deformation parameter causes the destruction of the thermal conformal ordered phases. Once again, we find that the holographic models with the conformal ordered phases are in the String Theory swampland.
Transposable element polymorphisms improve prediction of complex agronomic traits in rice
Authors: Vourlaki Ioanna-Theoni , Castanera Raúl , Ramos-Onsins Sebastián E. , Casacuberta Josep M. , Pérez-Enciso Miguel 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Key message

Transposon insertion polymorphisms can improve prediction of complex agronomic traits in rice compared to using SNPs only, especially when accessions to be predicted are less related to the training set.

Abstract
Transposon insertion polymorphisms (TIPs) are significant sources of genetic variation. Previous work has shown that TIPs can improve detection of causative loci on agronomic traits in rice. Here, we quantify the fraction of variance explained by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) compared to TIPs, and we explore whether TIPs can improve prediction of traits when compared to using only SNPs. We used eleven traits of agronomic relevance from by five different rice population groups (Aus, Indica, Aromatic, Japonica, and Admixed), 738 accessions in total. We assess prediction by applying data split validation in two scenarios. In the within-population scenario, we predicted performance of improved Indica varieties using the rest of Indica accessions. In the across population scenario, we predicted all Aromatic and Admixed accessions using the rest of populations. In each scenario, Bayes C and a Bayesian reproducible kernel Hilbert space regression were compared. We find that TIPs can explain an important fraction of total genetic variance and that they also improve genomic prediction. In the across population prediction scenario, TIPs outperformed SNPs in nine out of the eleven traits analyzed. In some traits like leaf senescence or grain width, using TIPs increased predictive correlation by 30–50%. Our results evidence, for the first time, that TIPs genotyping can improve prediction on complex agronomic traits in rice, especially when accessions to be predicted are less related to training accessions.
Continuum beliefs of mental illness: a systematic review of measures
Authors: Tomczyk S. , Schlick S. , Gansler T. , McLaren T. , Muehlan H. , Peter L.-J. , Schomerus G. , Schmidt S. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The continuum of mental health/illness has been subject to scientific debate for decades. While current research indicates that continuum belief interventions can reduce mental health stigma and improve treatment seeking in affected populations, no study has yet systematically examined measures of continuum beliefs.

Methods
This preregistered systematic review summarizes measures of continuum beliefs. Following the PRISMA statement, three scientific databases (PubMed, PsycInfo and PsycArticles via EBSCOhost, Web of Science) are searched, instruments are described and discussed regarding their scope, and methodological quality.

Results
Overall, 7351 records were identified, with 35 studies reporting relevant findings on 11 measures. Most studies examined general population samples and used vignette-based measures. Schizophrenia and depression were most commonly examined, few studies focused on dementia, ADHD, OCD, eating disorders, and problematic alcohol use, or compared continuum beliefs across disorders. Validity was very good for most measures, but reliability was rarely tested. Measures mostly assessed beliefs in the normality of mental health symptoms or the normality of persons with such symptoms but rarely nosological aspects (i.e., categorical v continuous conceptualization of mental disorders).

Conclusions
Current research provides psychometrically sound instruments to examine continuum beliefs for a variety of mental disorders. While studies suggest utility for general population samples and mental health professionals, more research is necessary to corroborate findings, for instance, regarding age (e.g., in adolescents), gender, or type of mental disorder. Future research should also compare self-report ratings, and vignette-based measures, include measures of nosological concepts to fully grasp the continuum concept of mental illness.

Preregistration
PROSPERO: CRD42019123606.
Topology optimization using difference-based equivalent static loads
Authors: Triller J. , Immel R. , Harzheim L. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTopology optimization of crash-related problems usually involves a huge number of design variables as well as nonlinearities in geometry, material, and contact. The Equivalent Static Load (ESL) method provides an approach to solve such problems. This method has recently been extended under the name Difference-based Equivalent Static Load (DiESL) method to employ a set of Finite Element models, each describing the deformed geometry at an individual time step. Only sizing optimization problems were considered so far. In this paper, the DiESL method is extended to topology optimization utilizing a Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization approach (SIMP). The method is tested using an example of a rigid pole colliding with a simple beam, where the intrusion of the pole is minimized. The initial velocity of the pole is varied in order to examine the influence of inertia effects on the optimized structures. It is shown that the results differ significantly depending on the chosen initial velocity and, consequently, that they exhibit inertia effects. This cannot be seen in the results derived by the standard ESL method. Consequently, the results of the DiESL method’s show a considerable improvement compared to those of the standard ESL method.
A machine learning accelerated inverse design of underwater acoustic polyurethane coatings
Authors: Weeratunge Hansani , Shireen Zakiya , Iyer Sagar , Menzel Adrian , Phillips Andrew W. , Halgamuge Saman , Sandberg Richard , Hajizadeh Elnaz 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHere we propose a detailed protocol to enable an accelerated inverse design of acoustic coatings for underwater sound attenuation application by coupling Machine Learning and an optimization algorithm with Finite Element Models (FEM). The FEMs were developed to obtain the realistic performance of the polyurethane (PU) acoustic coatings with embedded cylindrical voids. The frequency dependent viscoelasticity of PU matrix is considered in FEM models to substantiate the impact on absorption peak associated with the embedded cylinders at low frequencies. This has been often ignored in previous studies of underwater acoustic coatings, where usually a constant frequency-independent complex modulus was used for the polymer matrix. The key highlight of the proposed optimization framework for the inverse design lies in its potential to tackle the computational hurdles of the FEM when calculating the true objective function. This is done by replacing the FEM with an efficiently computable surrogate model developed through a Deep Neural Network. This enhances the speed of predicting the absorption coefficient by a factor of $$4.5 \times 10^3$$

4.5
×

10
3

compared to FEM model and is capable of rapidly providing a well-performing, sub-optimal solution in an efficient way. A significant, broadband, low-frequency attenuation is achieved by optimally configuring the layers of cylindrical voids. This is accomplished by accommodating attenuation mechanisms, including Fabry–P$$\acute{e}$$

e
´

rot resonance and Bragg scattering of the layers of voids. Furthermore, the proposed protocol enables the inverse and targeted design of underwater acoustic coatings through accelerating the exploration of the vast design space compared to time-consuming and resource-intensive conventional trial-and-error forward approaches.
The variation in shape and thickness of the pelvic floor musculature in males and females: a geometric-morphometric analysis
Authors: Stansfield Ekaterina , Mitteroecker Philipp , Umek Wolfgang , Fischer Barbara 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Introduction and hypothesis
In women, the risk of pelvic floor prolapse is known to be associated with age and parity. Different studies suggested that it is also related to pelvic dimensions, e.g. biomechanical modelling showed that a larger pelvic canal results in higher values of displacement, stress and strain in the pelvic floor muscles, which can increase the risk of pelvic floor disorders. To better understand the multiple factors contributing to pelvic floor disorders, we assessed how age, body weight, body height, parity (in women), pelvic canal size and overall muscle development affected pelvic floor geometry.

Methods
A comprehensive geometric morphometric analysis of variation in pelvic floor muscle shape was conducted based on a dense set of 3D landmarks measured on CT scans in a cohort of 49 deceased men and 52 deceased women. The multivariate association between biological variables (parity, dimensions of the true pelvis, age, body weight, height) and pelvic floor muscle morphology was explored by reduced rank regression in both sexes.

Results
In women, advanced age, high body weight relative to body height and a large pelvic canal were associated with a deeper pelvic floor. Surprisingly, parity did not have any strong association with overall pelvic floor shape. In men, high body weight was associated with a deep pelvic floor. Age had little effect on male pelvic floor shape, except for the thickness of the ischiocavernosus muscle, which reduced with age.

Conclusion
These results suggest that age, relative body weight and the size of the pelvic canal contribute to the risk of female pelvic floor disorders via their effect on pelvic floor shape, independently of birth-related factors such as injury and avulsion of pelvic floor muscles.
[89Zr]Zr-PSMA-617 PET/CT in biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer: first clinical experience from a pilot study including biodistribution and dose estimates
Authors: Rosar Florian , Schaefer-Schuler Andrea , Bartholomä Mark , Maus Stephan , Petto Sven , Burgard Caroline , Privé Bastiaan M. , Franssen Gerben M. , Derks Yvonne H. W. , Nagarajah James , Khreish Fadi , Ezziddin Samer 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted PET/CT has become increasingly important in the management of prostate cancer, especially in localization of biochemical recurrence (BCR). PSMA-targeted PET/CT imaging with long-lived radionuclides as 89Zr (T1/2 = 78.4 h) may improve diagnostics by allowing data acquisition on later time points. In this study, we present our first clinical experience including preliminary biodistribution and dosimetry data of [89Zr]Zr-PSMA-617 PET/CT in patients with BCR of prostate cancer.

Methods
Seven patients with BCR of prostate cancer who revealed no (n = 4) or undetermined (n = 3) findings on [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT imaging were referred to [89Zr]Zr-PSMA-617 PET/CT. PET/CT imaging was performed 1 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h post injection (p.i.) of 111 ± 11 MBq [89Zr]Zr-PSMA-617 (mean ± standard deviation). Normal organ distribution and dosimetry were determined. Lesions visually considered as suggestive of prostate cancer were quantitatively analyzed.

Results
Intense physiological uptake was observed in the salivary and lacrimal glands, liver, spleen, kidneys, intestine and urinary tract. The parotid gland received the highest absorbed dose (0.601 ± 0.185 mGy/MBq), followed by the kidneys (0.517 ± 0.125 mGy/MBq). The estimated overall effective dose for the administration of 111 MBq was 10.1 mSv (0.0913 ± 0.0118 mSv/MBq). In 6 patients, and in particular in 3 of 4 patients with negative [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT, at least one prostate cancer lesion was detected in [89Zr]Zr-PSMA-617 PET/CT imaging at later time points. The majority of tumor lesions were first visible at 24 h p.i. with continuously increasing tumor-to-background ratio over time. All tumor lesions were detectable at 48 h and 72 h p.i.

Conclusion
[89Zr]Zr-PSMA-617 PET/CT imaging is a promising new diagnostic tool with acceptable radiation exposure for patients with prostate cancer especially when [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT imaging fails detecting recurrent disease. The long half-life of 89Zr enables late time point imaging (up to 72 h in our study) with increased tracer uptake in tumor lesions and higher tumor-to-background ratios allowing identification of lesions non-visible on [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT imaging.
Infectious complications after transrectal MRI-targeted and systematic prostate biopsy
Authors: Kalalahti Inari , Huotari Kaisa , Erickson Andrew. M. , Petas Anssi , Vasarainen Hanna , Rannikko Antti 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To compare infectious complications after transrectal systematic prostate biopsy (SB) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-targeted biopsy (TB) in a large retrospective cohort to assess whether one technique is superior to the other regarding infectious complications.

Methods
A total of 4497 patients underwent 5288 biopsies, 2875 (54%) SB and 2413 (46%) MRI-TB only. On average, 12 SB cores and 3.7 MRI-TB cores were taken per biopsy session during the study period. Infection-related complications within 30 days were compared. The primary endpoint was a positive urine culture. Secondary endpoints were positive blood cultures, urine tests with elevated leukocytes ≥ 100 E6/L and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) ≥ 100 mg/L. Chi-square test was used to compare the cohorts.

Results
Positive urine cultures were found in 77 (2.7%) after SB and in 42 (1.7%) after MRI-TB (p = 0.022). In total, 46 (0.9%) blood culture positive infections were found, 23 (0.9%) occurred after SB and 23 (1.0%) after MRI-TB, (p = 0.848). Urine tests with elevated leukocytes ≥ 100 E6/L were found in 111 (3.9%) after SB and in 61 (2.5%) after MRI-TB (p = 0.006). Elevated CRP ≥ 100 mg/L was found in 122 (4.2%) after SB and in 72 (3.0%) after MRI-TB (p = 0.015). Blood cultures were drawn more often after SB than after MRI-TB, but the difference was not statistically significant. However, urine cultures and CRP were taken more often after SB than MRI-TB.

Conclusion
Blood culture positive infections were equally rare after SB and MRI-TB. However, all other infectious complications were more common after SB than MRI-TB.