bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BrAN contributes to leafy head formation by regulating leaf width in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis)
Authors: Xin Yue , Tan Chong , Wang Che , Wu Yanji , Huang Shengnan , Gao Yue , Wang Lu , Wang Nan , Liu Zhiyong , Feng Hui 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Leafy head is an important agronomic trait that determines the yield and quality of Chinese cabbage. The molecular mechanism underlying heading in Chinese cabbage has been the focus of research, and wide leaves are a prerequisite for leafy head formation. In our study, two allelic leafy heading-deficient mutants (lhd1 and lhd2) with narrow leaf phenotypes were screened in an ethyl methanesulfonate mutagenized population from a heading Chinese cabbage double haploid line ‘FT’. Genetic analysis revealed that the mutant trait was controlled by a recessive nuclear gene, which was found to be BraA10g000480.3C by MutMap and Kompetitive allele-specific PCR analyses. As BraA10g000480.3C was the ortholog of ANGUSTIFOLIA in Arabidopsis, which has been found to regulate leaf width by controlling cortical microtubule arrangement and pavement cell shape, we named it BrAN. BrAN in mutant lhd1 carried an SNP (G to A) on intron 2 that co-segregated with the mutant phenotype, and disrupted the exon-intron splice junction generating intron retention and a putative truncated protein. BrAN in mutant lhd2 carried an SNP (G to A) on exon 4 leading to a premature stop codon. The ectopic overexpression of BrAN restored normal leaf phenotype due to abnormal cortical microtubule arrangement and pavement cell shape in the Arabidopsis an-t1 mutant. However, transformation of Bran did not rescue the an-t1 phenotype. These results indicate that BrAN contributes to leafy head formation of Chinese cabbage.
Pulmonary embolism due to an indefinite plug: 5-year follow-up
Authors: Çil E , Şahin K E 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Thoracic computed tomography angiography revealed a filling defect with an internal air density in the lower lobar branch of the left pulmonary artery accompanied by pleural fluid, in a patient who applied with sudden onset chest pain and dyspnoea. The filling defect remained stable after anticoagulant treatment. No progression or complications were observed in 5-year follow-up. In pulmonary embolism that does not resolve despite adequate treatment, non-thrombotic sources, particularly foreign body, should be considered.
Viscosity reduction of heavy crude oil by co-heating with hydrothermal liquid product of cotton stalk
Authors: Ming Hui , Yang Xiao , Yang Kun , Yang Zhilin , Wang Tianqi , Guo Xuqiang , Zhang Libo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Hydrothermal process (HT) is an economical and simple method in upgrading agriculture wastes. The liquid product obtained from HT is interesting because of abundant active chemical group. The present work tried to co-heat the HT liquid product of cotton stalk (CS) with heavy crude oil to reduce its viscosity. The optimization study was performed to obtain the best condition of co-heating and mechanism study was completed by comparing the viscosity reduction efficiency and analyzing group composition of crude oil before and after co-heating with HT liquid products of CS, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The results show that the crude oil viscosity reduced obviously after co-heating with CS-HT liquid product under the optimized condition (220°C, 1 h, 3 g treatment liquid, 30 ml crude oil). The preliminary mechanism study results suggest that the main function component of CS that cause viscosity reduction of heavy oil is lignin. The current work provides a new idea of lignocellulosic biomass upgrading and heavy crude oil viscosity reduction.
Observer-based feedback stabilization of a reaction-diffusion equation with variable coefficients and boundary input delay
Authors: Zhu Hong-Li , Xu Gen-Qi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the stabilization issues of a reaction-diffusion equation with variable coefficients and boundary input delay. At first, we design an observer based on the system output to estimate the state of the system. Due to the present of time delay in control, we design a dynamic feedback controller based on the state information of observer, that is called the integral-type controller. By selecting appropriate kernel functions, we prove that the closed-loop system is exponentially stable. Herein, our approach mainly is based on the idea of ‘feedback equivalence’. By some equivalence transformations, we establish connection between the closed-loop system and a stable system.
Memory B-Cell Development After Asymptomatic or Mild Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Kato Yu , Bloom Nathaniel I , Sun Peifang , Balinsky Corey A , Qiu Qi , Cheng Ying , Jani Vihasi , Schilling Megan A , Goforth Carl W , Weir Dawn L , Ramos Irene , Sealfon Stuart C , Letizia Andrew G , Crotty Shane 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
The development of memory B cells after asymptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is not well understood.

Methods
We compared spike antibody titers, pseudovirus neutralizing antibody titers, and memory B-cell responses among SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive Marine recruits who either reported asymptomatic or symptomatic infection.

Results
Thirty-six asymptomatic participants exhibited similar spike IgG titers, spike IgA titers, and pseudovirus neutralization titers compared to 30 symptomatic participants. Pseudovirus neutralization and spike IgG titers showed significant positive correlations with frequency of memory B cells.

Conclusions
Among young adults, asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection induced antibody and memory B-cell responses comparable to mild symptomatic infection.
Casirivimab and Imdevimab for the Treatment of Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19
Authors: Somersan-Karakaya Selin , Mylonakis Eleftherios , Menon Vidya P , Wells Jason C , Ali Shazia , Sivapalasingam Sumathi , Sun Yiping , Bhore Rafia , Mei Jingning , Miller Jutta , Cupelli Lisa , Forleo-Neto Eduardo , Hooper Andrea T , Hamilton Jennifer D , Pan Cynthia , Pham Viet , Zhao Yuming , Hosain Romana , Mahmood Adnan , Davis John D , Turner Kenneth C , Kim Yunji , Cook Amanda , Kowal Bari , Soo Yuhwen , DiCioccio A Thomas , Geba Gregory P , Stahl Neil , Lipsich Leah , Braunstein Ned , Herman Gary A , Yancopoulos George D , Weinreich David M ,   for the COVID-19 Phase 2/3 Hospitalized Trial Team
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
The open-label RECOVERY study reported improved survival in hospitalized, SARS-CoV-2 seronegative patients treated with casirivimab and imdevimab (CAS + IMD).

Methods
In this phase 1/2/3, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted prior to widespread circulation of Delta and Omicron, hospitalized COVID-19 patients were randomized (1:1:1) to 2.4 g or 8.0 g CAS + IMD or placebo, and characterized at baseline for viral load and SARS-CoV-2 serostatus.

Results
In total, 1336 patients on low-flow or no supplemental (low-flow/no) oxygen were treated. The primary endpoint was met in seronegative patients, the least-squares mean difference (CAS + IMD versus placebo) for time-weighted average change from baseline in viral load through day 7 was −0.28 log10 copies/mL (95% confidence interval [CI], −.51 to −.05; P = .0172). The primary clinical analysis of death or mechanical ventilation from day 6 to 29 in patients with high viral load had a strong positive trend but did not reach significance. CAS + IMD numerically reduced all-cause mortality in seronegative patients through day 29 (relative risk reduction, 55.6%; 95% CI, 24.2%–74.0%). No safety concerns were noted.

Conclusions
In hospitalized COVID-19 patients on low-flow/no oxygen, CAS + IMD reduced viral load and likely improves clinical outcomes in the overall population, with the benefit driven by seronegative patients, and no harm observed in seropositive patients.

Clinical Trials Registration
NCT04426695.
Careggi Re-Engineered Discharge project: standardize discharge and improve care coordination between healthcare professionals
Authors: Paolini Diana , Bonaccorsi Guglielmo , Lorini Chiara , Forni Silvia , Tanzini Michela , Toccafondi Giulio , D’arienzo Sara , Dannaoui Bassam , Niccolini Fabrizio , Tomaiuolo Matteo , Bussotti Alessandro , Petrioli Alessandra , Morettini Alessandro 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
The hospital discharge process plays a key role in patient care. Careggi Re-Engineered Discharge (CaRED) aimed at establishing a meaningful relationship among general practitioners (GPs) and patients, throughout the discharge process.

Objective
The aim is to describe the activities and results in the period 2014–17 of the CaRED.

Methods
CaRED is a restructured discharge protocol, which foresees a different, more direct form of communication between hospital and GPs, enabled by an ad hoc electronic medical record. The 30-day hospital readmission rate and/or accesses to the emergency department were evaluated as proxy for effective communication. A pre–post survey was launched to assess the GPs’ perceived quality, and patient and family satisfaction.

Results
A total of 1549 hospitalizations were included, respectively, 717 in the pre and 832 in the post-intervention period. The 30-day hospital readmission rate decreased significantly in the post-intervention period (14.4% vs. 19.4%, χ2(1) = 8.03, P &lt; 0.05).
Eighty-two and 52 GPs participated, respectively, in the pre- and post-survey. In the post-phase the percentage of GPs declaring the discharge letter facilitated the communication on the admission causes (χ2(1) = 0.56, P = 0.03) and on what to do if conditions change (χ2(31) = 19.0, P &lt; 0.01) significantly increased, as well as the perception of an easier contact with the hospitalist (χ2(3) = 19.6, P &lt; 0.01).
Two-hundred-eighty and 282 patients were enrolled in the pre- and post-survey. The level of understanding of key parts of the discharge letter (reason for hospitalization, post-discharge therapy, follow-up examinations and how to contact the hospital ward) improved significantly (P &lt; 0.01).

Conclusions
CaRED significantly improved the discharge process and became a benchmark for local improvements in communication patterns with GPs.
Free Trade's Organized Progressive Opposition
Authors: Osgood Iain , Ro Hyeon-Young 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Populist, protectionist, and progressive opposition to globalization are renascent among voters and politicians, but which of these ideologies have successfully inspired interest group mobilization? To answer this question, we collect original data on thousands of groups’ participation in highly organized coalitions opposed to US trade policy and globalization. Examining the types of groups that compose coalitions, variation in activation across issues, and coalitions’ written statements, we find that their motivations are mainly progressive, focused on the environment, human rights, economic justice, and reducing corporate power. We also focus on progressives’ labor union allies, showing that their participation in anti-trade coalitions is driven by both sincere progressive and classic protectionist motives. Thus, a progressive–labor alliance espousing mainly demands for fair trade, not plain protectionism, dominates public activism against US trade agreements. This interest group opposition has no match on the political right, suggesting that the recent efflorescence of populist anti-globalization may not last, even as progressive fair traders use their superior mobilization to endure.
Determination of the Authenticity and Origin of Panax Notoginseng: A Review
Authors: Ji Chao , Zhang Qin , Shi Rui , Li Juan , Wang Xingyu , Wu Zhiqiang , Ma Ying , Guo Junli , He Xiahong , Zheng Wenjie 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Panax notoginseng, a traditional medicinal and edible plant, is widely used in medicine, health care, cosmetics, and other industries. Affected by the discrepancy between market supply and demand and price, the adulteration of P. notoginseng products with other plant-derived ingredients occurs at times. With the continuous development of technologies such as spectroscopy, chromatography, and DNA barcoding, the detection techniques for rapid and sensitive determination of the authenticity identification and origin of P. notoginseng have become more diversified to meet the needs of different regulatory goals and could effectively control practices that mislead consumers and promote false labeling. This review analyzes and summarizes the existing technologies for determining the authenticity and origin of P. notoginseng from these three aspects: morphological, chemical, and molecular biology methods from the literature since 2001; on this basis, the current problems and future research directions are discussed to provide a reference for the establishment of rapid and accurate methods to verify authenticity and origin to promote the further development and improvement of quality control technology systems for P. notoginseng.
Prediction of methane per unit of dry matter intake in growing and finishing cattle from the ratio of dietary concentrations of starch to neutral detergent fiber alone or in combination with dietary concentration of ether extract
Authors: Galyean Michael L , Hales Kristin E 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Previous research demonstrated that a fixed value of 0.2433 (SE = 0.0134) Mcal of CH4/kg of dry matter intake (DMI) could be used to predict CH4 production with accuracy and precision on par with similar equations in the literature. Slope bias was substantially less for the fixed-coefficient equation than noted for the other DMI- or gross energy intake (GEI)-based equations, but mean bias was substantially greater, presumably reflecting the failure of the fixed-coefficient approach to account for dietary factors that affect CH4 production. In this article, we report on the use of the dietary ratio of concentrations of starch to neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and dietary ether extract (EE) concentration to improve the accuracy and precision of the fixed-coefficient equation. The same development data set used to create the fixed-coefficient equation was used in the present study, which included 134 treatment means from 34 respiration calorimetry studies. Based on stepwise regression with dietary NDF, starch, crude protein, EE, and the starch:NDF ratio as possible dependent variables, the starch:NDF ratio and EE were the only dietary variables selected (P ≤ 0.15). The study-adjusted relationship with the starch:NDF ratio (r2 = 0.673; root mean square error [RMSE] = 0.0327) was: Mcal of CH4/kg of DMI = 0.2883 − 0.03474 × starch:NDF; whereas the relationship with a model that included both starch:NDF ratio and dietary EE (r2 = 0.738; RMSE = 0.0315) was: Mcal of CH4/kg of DMI = 0.3227 − 0.0334 × starch:NDF − 0.00868 × % EE. A previously published independent data set with 129 treatment means from 30 respiration calorimetry studies was used to evaluate these two equations, along with two additional equations in which g/d of CH4 was predicted directly from DMI, starch:NDF ratio, and/or dietary EE. The two Mcal of CH4/kg of DMI equations had superior fit statistics to the previously published 0.2433 Mcal of CH4/kg of DMI equation, with a substantial decrease in mean bias and improved concordance correlation coefficients. Moreover, the Mcal of CH4/kg of DMI equations resulted in improved fit relative to direct prediction of g/d of CH4 from DMI, the starch:NDF ratio, and % EE. Based on these results, further evaluation of the dietary ratio of starch-to-NDF concentrations and EE concentration to predict methane production per unit DMI in beef cattle is warranted.
Experience with Implementing a Beta-lactam Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Service in a Burn Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Chart Review
Authors: Alshaer Mohammad , Mazirka Pavel , Burch Gena , Peloquin Charles , Drabick Zachary , Carson Joshua 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Thermal injuries alter pharmacokinetics, complicating the prediction of standard antibiotic dose effectiveness. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) has been proposed to prevent subtherapeutic dosing of antibiotic therapy, but remains scarcely studied in the burn patient population. A retrospective chart review of burn patients receiving beta-lactam TDM from 2016 to 2019 was conducted. Adult patients with thermal injury receiving cefepime, piperacillin/tazobactam, or meropenem for ≥48 hours were included. Between February 2016 and July 2017, we utilized selective TDM based on clinical judgement to guide treatment. From October 2018 until July 2019, TDM was expanded to all burn patients on beta-lactams. The primary endpoint was achievement of therapeutic concentration, and the secondary endpoints were clinical cure, culture clearance, new resistance, length of stay, and mortality. The selective (control) group included 19 patients and the universal (study) group reviewed 23 patients. In both groups, skin and lungs were the most common primary infection sources, with Pseudomonas aeruginosa as the most common species. In the universal cohort, patients were older with higher risk factors, but more frequently achieved the target drug concentration, required less days to start TDM (p &lt; .0001), and had more frequent measurements and beta-lactam dose adjustments. Positive clinical outcome was reported in 77%, and microbial eradication in 82% of all patients. All clinical outcomes were similar between the groups. The implementation of beta-lactam TDM protocol shortened the time, increased the probability of appropriate target attainment, and individualized beta-lactam therapy in burn patients.
Incorporating additive manufacturing constraints into magneto-structural topology optimization
Authors: Bai Yingchun , Cai Jiale , Wang Zixiang , Li Siqi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The sequential using of topology optimization and AM (additive manufacturing) can generate and fabricate superior-performance yet lightweight magneto-structural components. In this paper, a magneto-structural topology optimization method is proposed considering AM constraints to improve the design manufacturability of optimized designs. The design problem is formulated with the weighted combination of magnetic compliance and mechanical compliance as a single objective subjected to two types of manufacturing constraints and the volume fraction constraint. Two important AM constraints are in a sequential manner incorporated into the topology optimization model, in which the overhang angle constraint is followed by the maximum length scale constraint. Corresponding sensitivities of the objective and constraints are derived, and the optimization problem is solved by the method of moving asymptotes. Two numerical examples and a practical conceptual design of linear motor rotor structure are systematically investigated to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Is there a role for controlled repositioning and mini-open primary osteoplasty in the management of unstable slipped capital femoral epiphysis?
Authors: Venkatadass K , Durga Prasad V , Jain Deepak , Al Ahmadi Nasser Mohammed Mansor , Rajasekaran S 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTThe management of unstable slipped capital femoral epiphysis is controversial with variable rates of avascular necrosis (AVN). Treatment options include in-situ stabilization, gentle/positional reduction and screw fixation and modified Dunn’s procedure (MDP). We present a technique of controlled repositioning (CRP) of the epiphysis to pre-acute slip stage, screw fixation and primary osteoplasty. Between 2015 and 2020, 38 unstable slips were treated in our institution. Of these, 14 underwent successful CRP and the rest were treated with MDP. All the 14 patients who had CRP and completed 1-year follow-up were included for this study. The head–neck angle (HNA) was measured at presentation and alpha angle, head–neck offset and AVN were assessed during follow-up. The average age was 14 years (9–18) and mean follow-up was 17.7 months (12–43). The average intraoperative flexion internal rotation before osteoplasty was −18.5° (−40° to −5°) which improved to +22.1° (+15° to +30°). The average preoperative HNA was 48.7° (34.1° to 70.7°) which improved to 18.4° (1.8° to 35.7°) post-operatively. At final follow-up, the average alpha angle and head–neck offset were 46.4° (30.9° to 64.6°) and 0.22 (0.09 to 0.96), respectively. The AVN rate in the CRP group was 7.1% compared with 20.8% in the MDP group, which was not significant (P = 0.383). Two patients had screw breakage. CRP, screw fixation and mini-open primary osteoplasty is a feasible treatment option in a subgroup of patients with unstable SCFEs. The limitation with this technique is that the final decision is made intraoperatively, and hence the patient and parents need to be counselled and consented appropriately. Level of evidence: Level IV—Case series.
A probabilistic method of background removal for high energy astrophysics data
Authors: Ehlert S , Chen C T , Swartz D , Hickox R C , Lutovinov A , Semena A , Krivonos R , Shtykovsky A , Tkachenko A 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
We present a new statistical method for constructing background subtracted measurements from event list data gathered by X-ray and gamma-ray observatories. This method was initially developed specifically to construct images that account for the high background fraction and low overall count rates observed in survey data from the Mikhail Pavlinsky ART-XC telescope aboard the Spektrum Röntgen Gamma (SRG) mission, although the mathematical underpinnings are valid for data taken with other imaging missions and analysis applications. This method fully accounts for the expected Poisson fluctuations in both the sky photon and non-X-ray background count rates in a manner that does not result in unphysical negative counts. We derive the formulae for arbitrary confidence intervals for the source counts and show that our new measurement converges exactly to the standard background subtraction calculation in the high signal limit. Utilizing these results, we discuss several variants of images designed to optimize different science goals for both pointed and slewing telescopes. Using realistic simulated data of a galaxy cluster as observed by ART-XC, we show that our method provides a more significant and robust detection of the cluster emission as compared to a standard background subtraction. We also demonstrate its advantages using real observations of a point source from the ART-XC telescope. These calculations may have widespread applications for a number of source classes observed with high energy telescopes.
Pegasus V/Andromeda XXXIV–a newly discovered ultrafaint dwarf galaxy on the outskirts of Andromeda
Authors: Collins Michelle L M , Charles Emily J E , Martínez-Delgado David , Monelli Matteo , Karim Noushin , Donatiello Giuseppe , Tollerud Erik J , Boschin Walter 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
We report the discovery of an ultrafaint dwarf in the constellation of Pegasus. Pegasus V (Peg V)/Andromeda XXXIV was initially identified in the public imaging data release of the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys and confirmed with deep imaging from Gemini/GMOS-N. The colour–magnitude diagram shows a sparse red giant branch (RGB) population and a strong overdensity of blue horizontal branch stars. We measure a distance to Peg V of $D=692^{+33}_{-31}$ kpc, making it a distant satellite of Andromeda with MV = −6.3 ± 0.2 and a half-light radius of rhalf = 89 ± 41 pc. It is located ∼260 kpc from Andromeda in the outskirts of its halo. The RGB is well fitted by a metal-poor isochrone with [Fe/H] = −3.2, suggesting it is very metal poor. This, combined with its blue horizontal branch, could imply that it is a reionization fossil. This is the first detection of an ultrafaint dwarf outside the deep Pan-Andromeda Archaeological Survey area, and points to a rich, faint satellite population in the outskirts of our nearest neighbour.