bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alarmins and innate lymphoid cells 2 activation: A common pathogenetic link connecting respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis and later wheezing/asthma?
Authors: Rossi Giovanni A. , Ballarini Stefania , Salvati Pietro , Sacco Oliviero , Colin Andrew A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSevere respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in infancy is associated with increased risk of recurrent wheezing in childhood. Both acute and long‐term alterations in airway functions are thought to be related to inefficient antiviral immune response. The airway epithelium, the first target of RSV, normally acts as an immunological barrier able to elicit an effective immune reaction but may also be programmed to directly promote a Th2 response, independently from Th2 lymphocyte involvement. Recognition of RSV transcripts and viral replication intermediates by bronchial epithelial cells brings about release of TSLP, IL‐33, HMGB1, and IL‐25, dubbed “alarmins.” These epithelial cell‐derived proteins are particularly effective in stimulating innate lymphoid cells 2 (ILC2) to release IL‐4, IL‐5, and IL‐13. ILC2, reflect the innate counterparts of Th2 cells and, when activate, are potent promoters of airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in RSV bronchiolitis and childhood wheezing/asthma. Long‐term epithelial progenitors or persistent epigenetic modifications of the airway epithelium following RSV infection may play a pathogenetic role in the short‐ and long‐term increased susceptibility to obstructive lung diseases in response to RSV in the young. Additionally, ILC2 function may be further regulated by RSV‐induced changes in gut microbiota community composition that can be associated with disease severity in infants. A better understanding of the alarmin‐ILC interactions in childhood might provide insights into the mechanisms characterizing these immune‐mediated diseases and indicate new targets for prevention and therapeutic interventions.
Dental care experiences and clinical phenotypes in children on the autism spectrum
Authors: Alvares Gail A. , Mekertichian Kareen , Rose Felicity , Vidler Sally , Whitehouse Andrew J. O. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimsChildren diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder may be at higher likelihood of experiencing poorer oral health and difficulties accessing dental health care. However, identifying which children on the autism spectrum may be more vulnerable to experiencing dental care difficulties is still unknown. This study investigated parental reports of oral health and dental service needs of children diagnosed with autism and explored relationships with clinical phenotypes.Methods and ResultsParticipants (n = 140) were parents of children on the autism spectrum who had participated in a large national biobank study, the Australian Autism Biobank, invited to complete additional surveys about oral health, service use, and barriers to care. One third of parents reported their child's oral health was worse than other children the same age, with 26% reporting untreated dental problems. A third of children were reported to have undergone general anaesthesia at least once for dental procedures. Children who had undergone general anaesthesia were more likely to have intellectual disability and greater functional difficulties. Parents of children with greater functional limitations and sensory challenges reported experiencing barriers to accessing dental care more frequently.ConclusionThese results have important implications for paediatric dentists working with children diagnosed with autism with co‐occurring intellectual, functional, and sensory challenges. Findings may inform the development of more personalised autism‐specific supports.
The Karolinska KI/K COVID‐19 immune atlas: An open resource for immunological research and educational purposes
Authors: Ljunggren Hans‐Gustaf , Heggernes Ask Eivind , Cornillet Martin , Strunz Benedikt , Chen Puran , Rao Muvva Jagadeeswara , Akber Mira , Buggert Marcus , Chambers Benedict J. , Cuapio Gomez Angelica , Dzidic Majda , Filipovic Iva , Flodström‐Tullberg Malin , Garcia Marina , Gorin Jean‐Baptiste , Gredmark‐Russ Sara , Hertwig Laura , Klingström Jonas , Kokkinou Efthymia , Kvedaraite Egle , Lourda Magda , Mjösberg Jenny , Maucourant Christopher , Norrby‐Teglund Anna , Palma Medina Laura M. , Parrot Tiphaine , Perez‐Potti André , Ponzetta Andrea , Ringqvist Emma , Rivera‐Ballesteros Olga , Rooyackers Olav , Sandberg Johan K. , Sandberg John Tyler , Sekine Takuya , Svensson Mattias , Varnaite Renata , Wullimann David ,   Karolinska KI/K COVID‐19 Study Group, Eriksson Lars I. , Aleman Soo , Malmberg Karl‐Johan , Strålin Kristoffer , Björkström Niklas K. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Karolinska KI/K COVID‐19 Immune Atlas project was conceptualized in March 2020 as a part of the academic research response to the developing SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic. The aim was to rapidly provide a curated dataset covering the acute immune response towards SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in humans, as it occurred during the first wave. The Immune Atlas was built as an open resource for broad research and educational purposes. It contains a presentation of the response evoked by different immune and inflammatory cells in defined naïve patient‐groups as they presented with moderate and severe COVID‐19 disease. The present Resource Article describes how the Karolinska KI/K COVID‐19 Immune Atlas allows scientists, students, and other interested parties to freely explore the nature of the immune response towards human SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in an online setting.
Distributed Model Predictive Control for Connected and Automated Vehicles in the Presence of Uncertainty
Authors: HomChaudhuri Baisravan , Bhattacharyya Viranjan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This article focuses on the development of distributed robust model predictive control (MPC) methods for multiple connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) to ensure their safe operation in the presence of uncertainty. The proposed layered control framework includes reference trajectory generation, distributionally robust obstacle occupancy set computation, distributed state constraint set evaluation, data-driven linear model representation, and robust tube-based MPC design. To enable distributed operation among the CAVs, we present a method, which exploits sampling-based reference trajectory generation and distributed constraint set evaluation methods, that decouples the coupled collision avoidance constraint among the CAVs. This is followed by data-driven linear model representation of the nonlinear system to evaluate the convex equivalent of the nonlinear control problem. Finally, to ensure safe operation in the presence of uncertainty, this article employs a robust tube-based MPC method. For a multiple CAV lane change problem, simulation results show the efficacy of the proposed controller in terms of computational efficiency and the ability to generate safe and smooth CAV trajectories in a distributed fashion.
Toward High Energy Density Redox Targeting Flow Batteries With a Mushroom-Derived Electrolyte
Authors: Egitto Joseph , Gokoglan Tugba Ceren , Pahari Shyam K. , Bolibok Jennifer N. , Aravamuthan Sundar Rajan , Liu Fuqiang , Jin Xinfang , Cappillino Patrick J. , Agar Ertan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Among several types of redox flow batteries (RFBs) under development, non-aqueous redox flow batteries (NRFBs) have the potential to approach the energy density of lithium-ion batteries, while maintaining the advantages of flow systems, including ability to decouple power and energy ratings, and thermal stability. Despite their promise, NRFBs suffer from low energy densities because the solubility limitation of redox species in non-aqueous solvents remains relatively lower compared to water. One promising concept for drastically improving the energy density of NRFBs is the utilization of solid charge storage materials, which are reversibly oxidized or reduced in the electrolyte tanks upon interaction with the redox active species (mediators) dissolved in electrolyte (i.e., redox-targeting flow battery (RTFB)). Herein, we demonstrate a RTFB using a highly stable, bio-inspired mediator, vanadium(IV/V)bis-hydroxyiminodiacetate (VBH), coupled with cobalt hexacyanoferrate (CoHCF) as the solid charge storage material. Based on the charge/discharge cycling experiments, the energy capacity was found to be enhanced by ∼5x when CoHCF pellets were added into the tank compared to the case without CoHCF. With the pellet approach, up to ∼70% of the theoretical capacity of CoHCF were utilized at 10 mA cm−2 current density. Sufficient evidence has indicated that this concept utilizing redox-targeting reactions makes it possible to surpass the solubility limitations of the active material, allowing for unprecedented improvements to the energy density of RFBs.
Benchmark Buckling Solutions of Truncated Conical Shells by Multiplicative Perturbation With Precise Matrix Exponential Computation
Authors: Zhou Chao , Wang Zixuan , Chen Yiming , Xu Jie , Li Rui 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The multiplicative perturbation method with precise matrix exponential computation is developed for the buckling analysis of axially compressed truncated conical shells (TCSs) that are commonly encountered in engineering. To overcome the limitation of conventional methods in terms of assuming solution forms, the multiplicative perturbation method is introduced to tackle the governing partial differential equations (PDEs) with variable coefficients. Specifically, the governing equation in matrix form for a buckled TCS is first formulated in the state space. The multiplicative perturbation method is then employed to convert the matrix differential equation with variable coefficients into the state transition equations with constant coefficients, in which the arisen matrix exponential is computed by the precise integral method. Finally, the state transition equations and the boundary conditions are integrated into an entire matrix equation, whose solution provides the buckling loads and buckling modes of the TCS. The convergence study and comprehensive numerical and graphic results are presented. Given the new solutions, the effects of some crucial size parameters as well as boundary conditions on the critical buckling loads are quantitatively studied. Due to the merits on solving PDEs with variable coefficients, the developed method may be extended to more intractable plate and shell problems.
Development of Multipass Gas Tungsten Arc Welding Technique for Aerospace Grade 18% Ni-Co-Mo Based Maraging Steel to Improve the Metallurgical and Mechanical Properties by Reducing Austenite Pools
Authors: Arunprakash R , Manikandan M , Meshram Suresh D. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The maraging steel is an impeccable choice for aerospace applications due to its high strength and excellent toughness. Welding is importantly involved in fabricating various structures out of maraging steel. Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) is the most commonly adopted technique for joining maraging steel. However, the major concern regarding the welding of maraging steel is the formation of the reverted austenite phase in the fusion zone and the heat affected zone. This reverted austenite deteriorates the mechanical property performance of welded joints. The present study focuses on GTAW of 12 mm thick MDN 250 maraging steel. An attempt was made to suppress the reverted austenite by employing suitable post-weld heat treatments. Three different types of post-weld heat treatments were adopted, i.e, (i) direct aging (W-DA), (ii) solutionizing + aging (W-SA), and (iii) homogenizing + solutionizing + aging (W-HSA). The micrograph and XRD analysis of the fusion zone with W-DA and W-SA conditions reveal the presence of reverted austenite. The SEM/EDAX examination of the fusion zone of as-welded, W-DA, and W-SA conditions revealed micro-segregation of Ni, Mo, and Ti elements from the matrix to the grain boundaries. On the other hand, the W-HSA condition was free from micro-segregation and austenite reversion. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis was used to estimate the percentage of reverted austenite in the fusion zone. The tensile test shows the highest strength of 1721 MPa (UTS) in W-HSA conditions. Similarly, the microhardness of the W-HSA conditions depicts a higher hardness with an even distribution in the microhardness values across the weldment. Hence, considering both metallurgical and mechanical examination of the weldment, the W-HSA heat treatments give superior properties in the case of GTA welded MDN 250 grade maraging steel.
A Computational Study of Design Team Robustness Through the Lens of Cognitive Style
Authors: Radwan Noriana , McComb Christopher 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
High-performing design teams are characterized by their ability to maintain performance across a variety of problem types. This is often referred to as robustness, and is usually achieved through careful management of team processes. However, there exists an opportunity to design teams that are likely to be inherently robust by addressing and embracing the individual variability of team members. Cognitive style provides an avenue by which we can compose robust teams based on the problem-solving approach of the individual. In this work, we used the KAI agent-based organizational optimization model (KABOOM) to evaluate the effects of team composition and team structure on the robustness of overall team performance. Teams of homogeneous and heterogeneous KAI styles were tasked to solve a variety of different abstract design problems and evaluated based on their performance with and without sub-teams. Results indicate that there is a significant difference in the distribution of aggregate scores for homogeneous and heterogeneous teams without sub-teams, and heterogeneous teams may be more robust. Sub-teams were found to significantly increase the overall median score and robustness for some teams.
Comparing the Impacts on Team Behaviors Between Artificial Intelligence and Human Process Management in Interdisciplinary Design Teams
Authors: Gyory Joshua T. , Kotovsky Kenneth , McComb Christopher , Cagan Jonathan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This brief extends prior research by the authors on studying the impacts of interventions provided by either a human or an artificial intelligence (AI) process manager on team behaviors. Our earlier research found that a created AI process manager matched the capabilities of human process management. Here, these data are studied further to identify the impact of different types of interventions on team behaviors and outcomes. This deeper dive is done via two unique perspectives: comparing teams’ problem-solving processes before and after interventions are provided, and through a regression analysis between intervention counts and performance. Results show overall mixed adherence to the provided interventions, and that this adherence also depends on the intervention type. The most significant impact on the team process arises from the communication frequency interventions. Furthermore, a regression analysis identifies the interventions with the greatest correlation with team performance, indicating a better selection of interventions from the AI process manager. Paired together, the results show the feasibility of automated process management via AI and shed light on the effective implementation of intervention strategies for future development and deployment.
The Transition of an Applied Sport Psychology Training Program at a U.S. University From a Face-to-Face to a Virtual Mode: An Autoethnographic Case Study
Authors: Gretton Thomas W. , Caviedes Gabriela I. , Buning Megan , Webster Kristin , Eccles David W. 
Published: June 2022

We studied the transition of an applied sport psychology training program at a public U.S. university from a face-to-face mode to a virtual mode in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to identify challenges of this transition for supervisors and student consultants and best practices for virtual consultancy. This autoethnographic case study involved interviews with three program supervisors, ten student consultants, and one college coach. We also examined researcher observations and lived experiences during the transition. A blended ethnographic and codebook thematic analysis was undertaken. We identified two superordinate challenges: (a) program challenges and (b) consulting challenges. We also identified three superordinate best practices: (a) supervisor best practices, (b) student consultant best practices, and (c) best practices in sport psychology delivery. These findings can usefully inform efforts by individual consultants and applied programs at universities to adopt virtual modes of consultancy.
Intakes of PUFA are low in preschool-aged children in the Guelph Family Health Study pilot cohort
Authors: Burns Jessie L. , Mirotta Julia A. , Duncan Alison M. , Darlington Gerarda , Haines Jess , Shivappa Nitin , Hébert James R. , Ma David W.L. , The Guelph Family Health Study  
Published: June 2022

This study investigated intakes of total, n-3, and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in 109 preschool-aged children who participated in the Guelph Family Health Study pilot. Intakes of total, n-3, and n-6 PUFA did not meet recommendations. This study highlights the need for additional monitoring and potential interventions to improve PUFA intake in preschool-aged children. Clinical Trial #NCT02223234. Novelty: Canadian preschool-aged children are not consuming enough n-3 and n-6 PUFA.
The vertebral column of Chaetophractus villosus (Desmarest, 1804) (Chlamyphoridae, Cingulata, Xenarthra): anatomy and Thoracolumbar variation. Spinal cord relation
Authors: Galliari Fernando Carlos , Rossi Luis Francisco , Aldana-Marcos Hernán Javier 
Published: June 2022

Mammals of the Xenarthra clade show a large number of unusual characters in the skeleton, mainly in the vertebral column. In spite of the importance of the knowledge on the axial skeleton in this group, there are no detailed studies on the morphology of the entire vertebral column. Here we performed a comprehensive study of the vertebral column of Chaetophractus villosus (Desmarest, 1804), a representative of Chlamyphoridae, in order to provide a more reliable comparative framework among armadillos. Morphological description was based on 44 adult postcranial axial skeletons. As a complement to the morphological descriptions of the skeleton we studied the paths followed by blood vessels and nerves in close relationship to the axial skeleton (using 13 fresh adult specimens, six females and seven males, part of the doctoral Thesis of one of the authors). Intraspecific variability in the thoracolumbar number in C. villosus was also evaluated. We identified certain variability in the position of the first vertebral pair that bears a xenarthral facet, ranging from T4-T5 to T6-T7, being T5-T6 and T6-T7 the most frequent positions. The second pair of xenarthrales is set near the thoracolumbar limit, and ranges between T9-T10 and T11-L1 (T10-T11 in most specimens). The variability in the total number of thoracolumbars in C. villosus falls within the range of most mammals and sets controversy about an important morphological feature that groups extant Xenarthra and Afrotheria into the southern placentals (Atlantogenata). In this regard, a more comprehensive study of this character is necessary to elucidate the patterns of distribution of this trait among xenarthrans.
Brown Adipocyte ADRB3 Mediates Cardioprotection via Suppressing Exosomal iNOS
Authors: Lin Jing-Rong , Ding Li-Li-Qiang , Xu Lian , Huang Jun , Zhang Ze-Bei , Chen Xiao-Hui , Cheng Yu-Wen , Ruan Cheng-Chao , Gao Ping-Jin 
Published: June 2022

Background:
The ADRB3 (β3-adrenergic receptors), which is predominantly expressed in brown adipose tissue (BAT), can activate BAT and improve metabolic health. Previous studies indicate that the endocrine function of BAT is associated with cardiac homeostasis and diseases. Here, we investigate the role of ADRB3 activation-mediated BAT function in cardiac remodeling.

Methods:
BKO (brown adipocyte-specific ADRB3 knockout) and littermate control mice were subjected to Ang II (angiotensin II) for 28 days. Exosomes from ADRB3 antagonist SR59230A (SR-exo) or agonist mirabegron (MR-exo) treated brown adipocytes were intravenously injected to Ang II–infused mice.

Results:
BKO markedly accelerated cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis compared with control mice after Ang II infusion. In vitro, ADRB3 KO rather than control brown adipocytes aggravated expression of fibrotic genes in cardiac fibroblasts, and this difference was not detected after exosome inhibitor treatment. Consistently, BKO brown adipocyte-derived exosomes accelerated Ang II–induced cardiac fibroblast dysfunction compared with control exosomes. Furthermore, SR-exo significantly aggravated Ang II–induced cardiac remodeling, whereas MR-exo attenuated cardiac dysfunction. Mechanistically, ADRB3 KO or SR59230A treatment in brown adipocytes resulted an increase of iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase) in exosomes. Knockdown of iNOS in brown adipocytes reversed SR-exo-aggravated cardiac remodeling.

Conclusions:
Our data illustrated a new endocrine pattern of BAT in regulating cardiac remodeling, suggesting that activation of ADRB3 in brown adipocytes offers cardiac protection through suppressing exosomal iNOS.
Sex Differences in Temporal Trends of Cardiovascular Health in Young US Adults
Authors: Cho So Mi Jemma , Haidermota Sara , Honigberg Michael C. , Natarajan Pradeep 
Published: June 2022

Background
Favorable cardiovascular health (CVH) in young adulthood has been associated with lower future cardiovascular risk. We determined whether CVH and its sex differences in young adults have changed from 2007 to 2018.

Methods and Results

We identified 10 206 individuals, aged 20 to 39 years, from the National Health Examination and Nutrition Survey data. CVH was assessed on the basis of the American Heart Association’s Life’s Simple 7 metrics (of 7). Changes in the mean number of ideal CVH components and the ideal proportion of individual components were calculated using linear regression analysis. Changes in sex difference trends were assessed with an interaction term between sex and calendar year. The mean (SD) age of the study population was 29.3 (5.8) years, and 5260 (51.5%) individuals were women. The mean (SD) ideal CVH component remained unchanged for both women (4.40 [1.22] to 4.48 [1.15];
P
=0.94) and men (3.97 [1.27] to 3.93 [1.24];
P
=0.87), with stable sex differences (
P
for interaction=0.94). Nonetheless, sex differences in blood pressure widened as ideal blood pressure decreased in men (54.0% to 46.9%;
P
=0.03) but not in women (
P
for interaction <0.001). Concurrently, the proportion with ideal physical activity declined in women (57.3% to 49.4%;
P
=0.04) but remained stable in men (
P
for interaction=0.03). Nonsmoking increased to a greater extent in women (64.1% to 70.5%;
P
=0.05) than in men (
P
for interaction=0.01).

Conclusions
Sex disparities in CVH have persisted with exacerbated differences in blood pressure, physical activity, and smoking. These insights provide opportunities to promote equitable CVH.