bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychiatric comorbidities among patients with complex drug-resistant tuberculosis in Mumbai, India
Authors: Laxmeshwar Chinmay , Das Mrinalini , Mathur Taanya , Israni Tarun , Jha Santosh , Iyer Aparna , Morales Mabel , Decroo Tom , Gils Tinne , Ferlazzo Gabriella , Iakovidi Kleio , Garcia Mariana , Isaakidis Petros 
Published: February 2022

Background
People with drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) are known to suffer from many mental-health disorders. This study aims to describe the proportion of patients diagnosed with psychiatric comorbidities, the different psychiatric diagnoses made, and treatment outcomes among DR-TB patients with or without psychiatric comorbidity and initiated on DR-TB treatment between January 2012 and March 2019 at Médecins Sans Frontières independent clinic in Mumbai, India.

Methods
This is a retrospective study using routinely collected clinical data. DR-TB care included individualised treatment, psychosocial support, and integrated psychiatric care.

Results
During the study period, 341 DR-TB patients were enrolled, with a median age of 25 years (IQR:20.0–36.5 years), 185 (54.2%) females, 143 (41.9%) with PreXDR-TB, and 140 (41.0%) with XDR-TB. All 341 patients were screened by a counsellor, 119 (34.9%) were referred for psychiatric evaluation, and 102 (29.9% of 341) were diagnosed with a psychiatric comorbidity. Among 102 diagnosed with a psychiatric comorbidity, 48 (47.0%) were diagnosed at baseline, and 86 (84.3%), or 25.2% of all 341 patients enrolled, were treated with psychotropic drugs. Depressive disorders were diagnosed in 49 (48.0%), mixed anxiety and depression in 24 (23.5%), neurocognitive disorders and anxiety in five (4.9%), and medication induced psychosis in two (2.0%). No anti-TB drugs were significantly associated with psychiatric comorbidities developed during treatment. Of 102 DR-TB patients with a psychiatric comorbidity, 75.5% (77) had successful DR-TB treatment outcomes, compared to 61.1% (146/239) not diagnosed with a psychiatric comorbidity (p = 0.014).

Conclusion
In our setting, among people started on DR-TB treatment, and with a complex TB resistance profile, about one in three patients experienced a psychiatric comorbidity, of which half developed this comorbidity during treatment. With comprehensive psychiatric care integrated into DR-TB care delivery, treatment outcomes were at least as good among those with psychiatric comorbidities compared to those without such comorbidities.
Procollagen C-Proteinase Enhancer-1 (PCPE-1) deficiency in mice reduces liver fibrosis but not NASH progression
Authors: Sansilvestri Morel Patricia , Duvivier Valerie , Bertin Florence , Provost Nicolas , Hammoutene Adel , Hubert Edwige-Ludiwyne , Gonzalez Arantxa , Tupinon-Mathieu Isabelle , Paradis Valerie , Delerive Philippe 
Published: February 2022

Background and aimsNonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) is a major cause of end-stage liver diseases such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma resulting ultimately in increased liver-related mortality. Fibrosis is the main driver of mortality in NASH. Procollagen C-Proteinase Enhancer-1 (PCPE-1) plays a key role in procollagen maturation and collagen fibril formation. To assess its role in liver fibrosis and NASH progression, knock-out mice were evaluated in a dietary NASH model.MethodsGlobal constitutivePcolce-/-and WT male mice were fed with a Choline Deficient Amino acid defined High Fat Diet (CDA HFD) for 8 weeks. Liver triglycerides, steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis were assessed at histological, biochemical and gene expression levels. In addition, human liver samples from control and NASH patients were used to evaluate the expression of PCPE-1 at both mRNA and protein levels.ResultsPcolcegene deficiency prevented diet-induced liver enlargement but not liver dysfunction. Furthermore, liver triglycerides, steatosis and inflammation were not modified inPcolce-/-male mice compared to WT under CDA HFD. However, a significant decrease in liver fibrosis was observed inPcolce-/-mice compared to WT under NASH diet, associated with a decrease in total and insoluble collagen content without any significant modifications in the expression of genes involved in fibrosis and extracellular matrix remodeling. Finally, PCPE-1 protein expression was increased in cirrhotic liver samples from both NASH and Hepatitis C patients.ConclusionsPcolcedeficiency limits fibrosis but not NASH progression in CDA HFD fed mice.
Sono and nano: A perfect synergy for eco-compatible Biginelli reaction
Authors: Tahmasbi Marzieh , Koukabi Nadiya , Armandpour Ozra 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the performance of nano-γ-Fe2O3–SO3H catalyst in the Biginelli reaction and synthesized 3,4-dihydropyrimidine-2-(1H)-ones. This reaction was carried out under solvent-free and ultrasonic irradiation conditions and belonged to one-pot multicomponent reactions (MCRs) with an adopted aromatic aldehyde, ethyl acetoacetate, and urea as starting materials for the beginning of the reaction. The synthesized materials were efficient in synthesizing 3,4-dihydropyrimidine-2-(1H)-ones via the Biginelli reaction under reaction conditions. Thus, the advantages of using nano-γ-Fe2O3–SO3H in the Biginelli reaction are short reaction time, high efficiency, green method, solvent free, and cost-effective. Furthermore, nano-γ-Fe2O3–SO3H as a heterogeneous catalyst can be recycled five times without significantly reducing catalytic activity.
Thermodynamic assessment of the Dy–Mg system
Authors: Du Zhenmin , Yang Xiaojian , Ling Gang , Liu Hongying 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The Dy–Mg system has been critically assessed by means of the CALPHAD technique. The solution phases (liquid,body-centered cubic, and hexagonal close-packed) were modeled with the Redlich – Kister equation. The intermetallic compounds DyMg, DyMg2, and Dy5Mg24, which have some homogeneity ranges, were treated as the formula (Dy, Mg) (Mg, Va), (Dy, Mg) (Dy, Mg)2, and (Dy, Mg)5 (Dy, Mg)24 by a two-sublattice model with Dy and Mg on the first sublattice, Mg and vacancies, denoted Va, or Dy and Mg on the second one, respectively. The compound DyMg3 was treated as a stoichiometric compound. A set of self–consistent thermodynamic parameters of the Dy–Mg system was obtained.
New ultrasonographic midtrimester scoring method for predicting spontaneous preterm birth in uncomplicated asymptomatic twin pregnancies
Authors: Sahin Erdem , Madendag Yusuf , Eraslan Sahin Mefkure , Col Madendag Ilknur , Kirlangic Mehmet Mete 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of the present study was to evaluate a new ultrasonographic scoring method that could predict spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) in uncomplicated twin pregnancies during routine anomaly screening in the midtrimester.

Methods
This prospective study included women with a monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) or dichorionic diamniotic (DCDA) twin pregnancy gestational ages from 170/7 through 226/7. A new ultrasonographic score between 0 and 5 points was calculated using cervical length (CL), uterocervical angle (UCA), and cervical dilatation status during routine anomaly screening in the midtrimester. The primary outcome of the study was the prediction of sPTB < 32 and <34 gestational weeks.

Results
A total of 118 pregnant women with twins were evaluated, 31 of whom delivered before 34 gestational weeks an 87 of whom delivered after 34 gestational weeks. The sensitivity and specificity values were separately calculated for scores of 3.5 and 2.5 for predicting sPTB < 32 gestational weeks. The cut-off value of 3.5 provided a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 82%. When the score was 2.5, the sensitivity and specificity were 86 and 71%, respectively. To determine a score for predicting sPTB < 34 gestational week cut-off value of 3.5 provided a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 90%. When the score value was 2.5, the sensitivity and specificity of the method were 83 and 81%, respectively.

Conclusions
Our results indicated that the midtrimester new scoring is a simple technique that can be easily used as an improved tool for predicting the risk of sPTB in women with a twin pregnancy.
Vibration analysis for predictive maintenance and improved reliability of rotating machines in ETRR-2 research reactor
Authors: Haggag Said 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this work, both hardware and software modifications in a typical research reactor protection system (RPS) is proposed. The reactor cooling pumps are tripped based on vibrations safety signals of the pumps while the reactor SCRAM signal is initiated based on low flow rate and pressure drop across the reactor core which is a direct result of pumps trip. The main objective of this work is to develop reactor SCRAM signal based of core cooling pumps vibration signals. The early shutdown of the reactor based on pumps vibration signals is of significant importance not only in cooling the decay power of the reactor core after shutdown but also to prevent pumps failure. In the hardware model, the core cooling pumps vibration signals are feed to RPS to initiate reactor SCRAM signal. In the software model, a modular artificial neural network (ANN) is used in modeling the vibration monitoring of the research reactor (ETRR-2). The input and the output signals of the vibration transducer are used as a source data for training the neural network model. The type of the network used in this methodology is the supervised Multilayer Feed-Forward Neural Networks with the back-propagation (BP) algorithm. Vibration analysis programs are used in research reactors (RRs) to identify faults in machinery, plan machinery repairs, and keep machinery functioning for as long as possible without failure. The vibration severity limits are determined based on the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 10816. The ANNs were designed using two different methods; one is by using hardware application contained two out of three voting and dynamic modules for trip signal by using ANNs. The current model classifies the vibration signals into five ranges low, good, satisfactory, unsatisfactory, and unacceptable vibration. The ANN is trained to detect the signal and vote to take the correct and safe action. The results demonstrate that the ANN can help in taking predictive actions for the safe core coolant pumps operation.
Multi-component stress-strength model for Weibull distribution in progressively censored samples
Authors: Kohansal Akram , Shoaee Shirin , Nadarajah Saralees 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
One of the important issues is risk assessment and calculation in complex and multi-component systems.
In this paper, the estimation of multi-component stress-strength reliability for the Weibull distribution under the progressive Type-II censored samples is studied.
We assume that both stress and strength are two independent Weibull distributions with different parameters.
First, assuming the same shape parameter, the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), different approximations of Bayes estimators (Lindley’s approximation and Markov chain Monte Carlo method) and different confidence intervals (asymptotic and highest posterior density) are obtained.
In the case when the shape parameter is known, the MLE, uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimator (UMVUE), exact Bayes estimator and different confidence intervals (asymptotic and highest posterior density) are considered.
Finally, in the general case, the statistical inferences on multi-component stress-strength reliability are derived.
To compare the performances of different methods, Monte Carlo simulations are performed.
Moreover, one data set for illustrative purposes is analyzed.
Effects of exercise and dietary intervention on muscle, adipose tissue, and blood IRISIN levels in obese male mice and their relationship with the beigeization of white adipose tissue
Authors: Li Jing , Yi Xuejie , Li Tao , Yao Tingting , Li Dongyang , Hu Guangxuan , Ma Yongqi , Chang Bo , Cao Shicheng 
Published: February 2022

Background
Obesity is a growing problem worldwide, and newer therapeutic strategies to combat it are urgently required. This study aimed to analyze the effect of diet and exercise interventions on energy balance in mice and elucidate the mechanism of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma co-activator-1-alpha-IRISIN-uncoupling protein-1 (PGC-1α-IRISIN-UCP-1) pathway in the beigeization of white adipose tissue.

Methods
Four-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into normal (NC) and high-fat diet (HFD) groups. After 10 weeks of HFD feeding, obese mice were randomly divided into obesity control (OC), obesity diet control (OD), obesity exercise (OE), and obesity diet control exercise (ODE) groups. Mice in OE and ODE performed moderate-load treadmill exercises: for OD and ODE, the diet constituted 70% of the food intake of the OC group for 8 weeks.

Results
Long-term HFD inhibits white adipose tissue beigeization by downregulating PGC-1α-IRISIN-UCP-1 in the adipose tissue and skeletal muscles. Eight weeks of exercise and dietary interventions alleviated obesity-induced skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue PGC-1α-IRISIN-UCP-1 pathway downregulation promoted white adipose tissue beigeization and reduced body adipose tissue. The effects of the combined intervention were better than those of single interventions.

Conclusions
Diet and exercise intervention after obesity and obesity itself may affect the beigeization of WAT by downregulating/upregulating the expression/secretion of skeletal muscle and adipose PGC-1α-IRISIN, thereby influencing the regulation of bodyweight. The effects of the combined intervention were better than those of single interventions.
Effect of the different chromatic filters of the dental operating microscope on the volumetric shrinkage, surface hardness, and depth of cure of bulk fill composite
Authors: Tirumala Dabburi , Sravanthi Tammineedi , Nagesh Bolla , Sunil Chukka Ram , Chowdary Basam Ram , Swapnika Polineni 
Published: February 2022

Aim. Evaluate the effect of different chromatic filters of the dental operating microscope on the volumetric shrinkage, surface micro-hardness, and depth of cure of bulk-fill composite.
Materials and methodology. Bulk fill composite specimens of 4 mm depth, 4 mm width, and 4 mm length were prepared. Five groups were designed based on a light source under which composite samples were condensed. Group 1: dental chair light without filter, Group 2: microscopic light without filter, Group 3: microscopic light with a yellow filter, Group 4: microscopic light with a green filter, Group 5: dental chair light with a red filter. After condensation, the samples were subjected to curing using Bluephase NM curing light. The parameters like volumetric shrinkage, surface hardness, and depth of cure were measured for all the samples. The results were subjected to statistical analysis using one-way ANOVA, followed by post-hoc Tukey tests.
Results. Group-2 showed the highest mean volumetric shrinkage (14.514%), surface micro-hardness (58.065 kg/m2), depth of cure (0.831%), whereas group-5 showed the least volumetric shrinkage (7.386%), surface micro-hardness (46.536 kg/m2), and depth of cure (0.789%). Working time was 40 seconds for group-2, whereas the remaining groups were allowed to complete 1-minute condensation. A statistically significant difference was shown between groups 1 and 5 (p=0.050), 2 and 5 (p=0.007) for volumetric shrinkage. Regarding surface micro-hardness, a statistically significant difference was observed between all the groups (p=0.001) except group-3, group-4 (p=0.100). There was no statistically significant difference between all the groups except group 2 and 5 for depth of cure (p=0.016).
Conclusion. Microscope light without filter showed the highest surface hardness and depth of cure. However, the highest volumetric shrinkage and lesser working time were also observed, which are undesirable. Use of filters during composite manipulation showed less detrimental effects on depth of cure, volumetric shrinkage and working time. Overall, composite condensed under filters showed acceptable properties.
Technical challenges of lymphadenectomy in renal carcinoma performed with a 3D laparoscopic approach at a low pressure pneumoperitoneum due to associated pulmonary pathology – case report
Authors: Bujoreanu Cristina E. , Dor Yarden , Petrut Bogdan 
Published: February 2022

We report the case of a 63-year-old male patient presenting left renal cell carcinoma (75/70/60 mm) associated with retroperitoneal lymph node masses (peri hilar of 15 mm; lombo-aortic of 50/40/30 mm), known also with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease GOLD4, sleep apnea and asthma with oxygen-dependent chronic obstructive respiratory insufficiency, a BMI of 37 with grade III obesity. Surgical treatment was performed using a 3D transperitoneal laparoscopic approach. The surgery lasted 131 minutes, with 400 ml blood loss and grade 1 Clavien-Dindo post operative complications. An optimal pulmonary ventilation of the patient during surgery required a low intra-abdominal pressure (10 mmHg) which raised technical difficulties due to the lymph node mass dissection from the great vessels in a small operative field on an already obese patient with a voluminous renal tumor. The 3D transperitoneal laparoscopic approach was feasible within safe oncologic parameters
The role of computed tomography and Glasgow Coma Scale in detecting spinal injury associated with traumatic brain injuries
Authors: Merza Fadia Abdul-Ameer , Lafta Ghazwan Alwan 
Published: February 2022

Objectives. The aim of this study is to identify the role of computed tomography scan (CT scan) of the cervical spine and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) in detecting spinal injuries associated with head injury.
Methods. This cross sectional study was conducted in the emergency department of Baghdad teaching hospital prospectively from October 2016 to October 2017. A total of 469 patients were included in this study, 59 of them with spine injury. All patients were examined promptly and were treated accordingly; all were subjected to X-rays and CT-scan of the skull and cervical spine for evaluation of head and cervical spinal injury, respectively.
Results. A total of 469 patients were enrolled in this study, mean age of 42.6 ± 13.7 years. The majority of patients were male (383/469) representing 81.7%. There was a significant correlation between Severity of TBI and cervical injury (P<0.001). There was a significant association between cervical injury and the presence of clinical and radiographic findings and associated injuries (P<0.001). It was found that cervical injury was more frequent in patients who were exposed to fall from a height.
Conclusion. CT scan and Glasgow coma scale are highly specific, sensitive, and accurate, with positive and negative predictive values.
Geothermal anomalies on the eastern flank of the Cherokee basin, southeastern Kansas, USA
Authors: Newell K. David , Birdie Tiraz 
Published: February 2022

Bottomhole temperature measurements from oil and gas drilling in southeastern Kansas on the eastern flank of the Cherokee basin, in combination with a suite of about 2,200 differential temperature logs recently obtained from wireline logging in coalbed methane wells, define several higher-temperature anomalies at the top of the Mississippian Subsystem strata. Temperatures slightly in excess of 90 oF (35 oC) at depths of about 900 ft (275 m) correspond to geothermal gradients as high as about 60 oC/km.
Sparse historical measurements of heat flow in the cratonic Cherokee basin indicate that the thermal anomalies are not likely caused by locally high heat flow. Heat flow in the Cherokee basin is probably in line with most other shallow cratonic basins. The higher-temperature thermal anomalies defined by logging temperatures do not correspond to previously mapped faults or other structural features in the Phanerozoic sedimentary section, but some anomalies are underlain by Precambrian basement lineations that are detectable with aeromagnetic and gravity measurements. Well-log determination of shale content in the Pennsylvanian sedimentary strata overlying the Mississippian limestones indicates that low thermal conductivity caused by higher shale content may cause some of the thermal anomalies.
Lateral (advective) movement of warmer, highly saline water from the basin axis cannot account for the anomalies because the anomalies are not characterized by exceptionally highly saline water in Mississippian strata. Similarly, recorded static fluid levels of wells disposing of oilfield saltwater into the Mississippian strata and the deeper Cambrian-Ordovician Arbuckle Group indicate that the deeper Arbuckle strata generally do not have sufficient formation pressure to force Arbuckle formation water upward into the Mississippian through either natural fractures or leaky wellbores. Small-scale changes in salinity, in combination with geologic structuring indicating faulting, make a case for vertical (convective) movement of heated, less saline water from the Arbuckle Group into overlying Mississippian limestones in isolated localities. Buoyancy of the Arbuckle formation water (due to temperature and salinity differences with the cooler and more saline Mississippian water) could also be the primary force behind the convection. Convergence of cooler freshwater moving westward off the Ozark dome and more saline basinal water moving eastward also could be a factor in defining the limits of some thermal anomalies.
Analysis of miRNAs in the PSMA-positive fraction of plasma nano-sized extracellular vesicles in patients with prostate cancer
Authors: Zabegina L. M. , Nikiforova N. S. , Nazarova I. V. , Knyazeva M. S. , Tsyrlina E. V. , Reva S. A. , Nosov A. K. , Malek A. M. 
Published: February 2022

Background. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) circulating in plasma are promising markers for the diagnosis of malignant tumors, including prostate cancer. However, the existing techniques used for their detection fail to ensure sufficient diagnostic accuracy. One of the possible ways to improve it is to isolate membrane nano-sized extracellular vesicles (nsEVs) secreted by prostate cells. Presumably, the analysis of miRNAs originating from this prostate-specific fraction of nsEVs more accurately reflects the process of prostate cancer development and has a greater diagnostic potential. Objective: to develop the method of miRNA isolation from the prostate-specific fraction of plasma nsEVs and to evaluate its performance characteristics.Materials and methods. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) was used as a prostate-specific marker of nsEVs. The total population of plasma nsEVs was isolated using a two-phase polymer system. To isolate PSMA-positive (PSMA(+)) nsEVs, we used superparamagnetic particles with PSMA-binding DNA aptamer immobilized on their surface. The efficacy of PSMA(+) nsEV isolation was assessed using flow cytometry and dot-blotting. RNA from nsEVs was isolated using proteolysis; miRNA analysis was performed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Plasma samples collected from patients with prostate cancer (n = 33) and healthy donors (controls) (n = 30) were used to evaluate the diagnostic parameters of the method.Results. We developed the method of PSMA(+) nsEV isolation from plasma and estimated its performance characteristics. We found that measurement of potential miRNA markers in PSMA(+) nsEVs was more effective than its measurement in the entire nsEV population and could distinguish between patients with prostate cancer and controls.Conclusion. The new technique of PSMA(+) nsEV isolation can be used for the development of novel diagnostic methods for the diagnosis of prostate cancer.