bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WITHDRAWN: Trajectory tracking of a mobile robot using adaptive sliding mode control
Authors: Rostami Seyyed Mohammad Hosseini , Chupradit Supat , Danshina Svetlana , Wadday Ali K. , Dwijendra Ngakan Ketut Acwin , Majdi Hasan Sh. , Hadrawi Salema K. , Kavitha M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper present a design for a control system that will ensure the stability and proper operation of a mobile four-wheeled robot. There are two types of control approaches applied to ensure this robot is stable, that its performance is appropriate, and that modeling errors and uncertainties are minimized. In the presence of external disturbances and parametric uncertainty, this algorithm uses the signals provided by the sensor from the trajectory to follow the predetermined trajectory. It was assumed in previous articles that the upper bound of uncertainty was known. In this paper, we assume that in most cases, we cannot know the extent of the upper band of uncertainties and interferences in robotic systems. This enables us to estimate upper band uncertainties online based on adaptive laws that were included in the law so that the law could be generalized into a robust adaptive sliding mode control. These results can be expressed as distinct theorems under this typology. MATLAB simulations demonstrate that the controller delivers optimal performance under external disturbances and parametric uncertainty with fewer fluctuations.
The Roles of Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor - from Neuronutrition to Energy Metabolism
Authors: Guo Huifang , Chen Peng , Luo Runfan , Zhang Yuting , Xu Xi , Gou Xingchun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract:Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) is a pluripotent neurotrophic factor originally isolated from chicken embryo ciliary neurons. It has a powerful role in developing and maintaining the optic nervous system and has been used for many vision-related diseases. It also plays an important role in the neurogenesis, regeneration and survival of other neurons, including neural stem cells, dorsal root ganglion, sensory neurons and motor neurons. CNTF is related to neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. In addition to its role in the nervous system, CNTF regulates the balance of energy metabolism and the administration of CNTF induces body weight loss. More CNTF functions have been found with the deepening of study, such as protecting and promoting cardiomyocyte proliferation. In addition, CNTF even participates in mental illness and inflammation suppressing. CNTF exerts multidirectional physiological activity by regulating the transcription of various genes through a variety of signalling pathways (including JAK/STAT, MAPK, and PI3K/AKT). This review summarizes the roles and mechanisms of CNTF in the optic nervous system, retinal-related diseases, neuronal protection, and especially nutrition, energy metabolism and other aspects.
A Comprehensive Review on Liver Targeting: Emphasis on Nanotechnology-
based Molecular Targets and Receptors Mediated Approaches
Authors: Sahoo Pravat Kumar , Mishra Ashwini Kumar , Pandey Mukesh , Dewangan Hitesh Kumar , SL Neha 
Published: September 2022

Background:
The pathogenesis of hepatic diseases involves several cells which makes the delivery of pharmaceutical agents complicated. Many severe liver diseases affecting the worldwide population cannot be effectively treated. Major hindrance or challenges faced are natural physiological barriers and non-specific targeting of drugs administered leading to inefficient treatment. Hence, there is an earnest need to look for novel therapeutic strategies which can overcome these hindrances. Kind of literature have reported when a drug is incorporated inside or attached, to a polymeric material of either hydrophilic or lipophilic nature, drug safety and efficacy are incredibly raised. This has given the driving force to the dynamic investigation for development of novel biodegradable materials, drug delivery carriers, target specific drug delivery systems and many other novels approach.

Objective:
Present review is devoted to summarizing receptor-based liver cell targeting by the use of different modified novel synthetic drug delivery carriers. It also highlights recent progress in drug targeting to diseased liver mediated by various types of receptors including asialoglycoprotein, mannose and, galactose receptor, Fc receptor, low-density lipoprotein, glycyrrhetinic, and bile acid receptor. The essential consideration is given to the treatment of liver cancer targeting by the use of nanoparticulate systems, proteins, viral, and non-viral vectors, homing peptides and gene delivery.

Conclusion:
Receptors based targeting approach is one such approach that was explored by researchers to develop novel formulations which can ensure site specific drug delivery. Several receptors are present on the surfaces of liver cells which are reported to be highly overexpressed in the various disease conditions. Its all are helpful for the treatment of the liver cancer.
Digoxin and Outcomes in Patients with Heart Failure and Preserved
Ejection Fraction (HFpEF) Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-
Analysis
Authors: Arasteh Omid , Mohammadpour Amir H. , Sahebkar Amirhossein , Hashemi-Shahri Seyed H. , Aghajanloo Ali , Ghavami Vahid , Reiner Željko 
Published: September 2022

Background:
One of the major indications for digoxin use is the treatment of heart failure [HF]. Although clinical application of digoxin in long-term outcomes in patients with HF and reduced ejection fraction [HFrEF] patients is well explained, the association between digoxin therapy and outcomes in patients with HF and preserved ejection fraction [HFpEF] is not very clear.

Objectives:
The aim of this study was to show the clinical efficacy of digoxin on long-term outcomes in subjects with HFpEF.

Methods:
PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science [ISI] electronic databases were searched until May 2021 to obtain relevant studies. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality attributed to treatment with digoxin. The secondary outcomes were “all-cause hospitalization”, “hospitalization because of HF” and “all-cause mortality or hospitalization of HF”.

Results:
Seven studies with more than 23000 patients with HFpEF, of which more than 4900 were treated with digoxin, fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. Treatment with digoxin was associated with a neutral effect on all-cause mortality [HR 1.04, 95 % CI 0.91-1.20, I2 = 57.9 %], all-cause hospitalization [HR 0.97, 95 % CI 0.88-1.07, I2 = 0.0 %], HF-hospitalization [HR 0.96, 95 % CI 0.90-1.02, I2 = 41.4 %], and all-cause mortality or HF-hospitalization [HR 1.07, 95 % CI 0.91-1.26, I2 = 81.2 %]. In subgroup meta-analyses based on ejection fraction [EF] , treatment with digoxin did not significantly alter these outcomes in each subset of patients.

Conclusion:
The results of this meta-analysis suggest that digoxin does not have any significant effect on long-term outcomes of HFpEF patients, including “all-cause mortality”, “all-cause hospitalization”, “hospitalization because of HF” and “all-cause mortality or hospitalization of HF”.
Social skill assessment for transvestives through the implementation of social problem solving method
Authors: Aman Aman 
Published: September 2022

This study is aimed to know: 1) how the steps of assessment instrumen building of social skill for transvestives through social problem solving method are, 2) instrument appropriateness of transvestives’ social skill assessment is. This study uses Research and Development method consisting of four stages, which are: (1) introduction stage, (2) design organizing stage of social skill assessment instrument for transvestives as the development of initial product form, (3) trial, evaluation and revision stage, and (4) implementation stage. The numbers of transvestives who become the sample in each trial in 2015 is 5 transvestives selected using purposive sampling. The data collection technique uses FGD, questionaire, observation, and documentation techniques. The data validation uses expert validation, while the accuracy of qualitative data uses source triangulation technique, theory and method. The quantitative data analysis is conducted using descriptive and qualitative data analytic technique with interactive model. Based on the research result, it is concluded as follow: 1) the steps of instrument building on social skill assessment for transvestives through the implementation of social problem solving model are through : a) introductory study to construct theoretical framework, b) plan and organize instrument through FGD and expert validation, c) limited trial or individual test, evaluation and revision of instrument. The guidelines of expert validation result instrument indicates average score as 3.89 which means that the guideline is good or appropriate to test. Also, based on the transvestivesassessment in individual trial indicates good result with average score of 3.69. Meanwhile, the character education model of Social Problem Solving (SPS) for transvestives as the effort to develop their social skill in Special Region of Yogyakarta indicates good result with average score of 3.80.
Key Population Size Estimation to Guide HIV Epidemic Responses in Nigeria: Bayesian Analysis of 3-Source Capture-Recapture Data
Authors: McIntyre Anne F , Mitchell Andrew , Stafford Kristen A , Nwafor Samuel Uchenna , Lo Julia , Sebastian Victor , Schwitters Amee , Swaminathan Mahesh , Dalhatu Ibrahim , Charurat Man 
Published: September 2022

Background
Nigeria has the fourth largest burden of HIV globally. Key populations, including female sex workers, men who have sex with men, and people who inject drugs, are more vulnerable to HIV than the general population due to stigmatized and criminalized behaviors. Reliable key population size estimates are needed to guide HIV epidemic response efforts.

Objective
The objective of our study was to use empirical methods for sampling and analysis to improve the quality of population size estimates of female sex workers, men who have sex with men, and people who inject drugs in 7 states (Akwa Ibom, Benue, Cross River, Lagos, Nasarawa, Rivers, and the Federal Capital Territory) of Nigeria for program planning and to demonstrate improved statistical estimation methods.

Methods
From October to December 2018, we used 3-source capture-recapture to produce population size estimates in 7 states in Nigeria. Hotspots were mapped before 3-source capture-recapture started. We sampled female sex workers, men who have sex with men, and people who inject drugs during 3 independent captures about one week apart. During hotspot encounters, key population members were offered inexpensive, memorable objects unique to each capture round. In subsequent rounds, key population members were offered an object and asked to identify objects received during previous rounds (if any). Correct responses were tallied and recorded on tablets. Data were aggregated by key population and state for analysis. Median population size estimates were derived using Bayesian nonparametric latent-class models with 80% highest density intervals.

Results
Overall, we sampled approximately 310,000 persons at 9015 hotspots during 3 independent captures. Population size estimates for female sex workers ranged from 14,500 to 64,300; population size estimates for men who have sex with men ranged from 3200 to 41,400; and population size estimates for people who inject drugs ranged from 3400 to 30,400.

Conclusions
This was the first implementation of these 3-source capture-recapture methods in Nigeria. Our population size estimates were larger than previously documented for each key population in all states. The Bayesian models account for factors, such as social visibility, that influence heterogeneous capture probabilities, resulting in more reliable population size estimates. The larger population size estimates suggest a need for programmatic scale-up to reach these populations, which are at highest risk for HIV.
Effects of Serious Games on Depression in Older Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Kim Yesol , Hong Soomin , Choi Mona 
Published: September 2022

Background
Depression is a severe psychological concern that negatively affects health in older adults. Serious games applied in various fields are considered appropriate interventions, especially in mental health care. However, there is a lack of evidence regarding the effects of serious games on depression in older adults.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the characteristics and effectiveness of serious games for depression in older adults.

Methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials were conducted. In total, 5 electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library) were searched to identify relevant studies published until July 6, 2021. A total of 2 reviewers independently conducted study selection, data extraction, and quality appraisals. The risk of bias in the included studies was assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist. For the meta-analysis, the effect size was calculated as the standardized mean difference (SMD) by using a random effects model.

Results
A total of 17 studies with 1280 older adults were included in the systematic review, and 15 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Serious game interventions were classified into 3 types: physical activity (PA), cognitive function, and both PA and cognitive function. The meta-analysis demonstrated that serious games reduced depression in older adults (SMD −0.54, 95% CI −0.79 to −0.29; P<.001). Serious games had a more significant effect size in community or home settings (SMD −0.61, 95% CI −0.95 to −0.26; P<.001) than in hospital settings (SMD −0.46, 95% CI −0.85 to −0.08; P=.02); however, the difference between groups was not significant. Among the types of games, games for PA (SMD −0.60, 95% CI −0.95 to −0.25; P<.001) and games for both (SMD −0.73, 95% CI −1.29 to −0.17; P=.01) had a significant effect on reducing depression in older adults. However, no significant correlations were observed between the duration or number of serious games and depression.

Conclusions
Serious games were beneficial in reducing depression in older adults. Regardless of the study setting, serious games appeared to reduce depression. Particularly, serious games including PA had a significant impact on reducing depression. Furthermore, high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to establish substantial evidence for the effectiveness of serious games on depression in older adults.

Trial Registration
PROSPERO CRD42021242573; https://tinyurl.com/26xf7ym5
Aspectos de la publicidad relacionados con la obesidad
Authors: Guillén Riebeling Raquel Del Socorro 
Published: September 2022

<p class="p1">En el ámbito de la psicología, la obesidad es consecuencias de hábitos inapropiados adaptativos en la conducta de ingesta de alimento, ya que no solo responde a factores hereditarios, sino que cada persona tiene una estructura biológica, endocrina y ósea diferente que la hace propensa a sufrir este problema. Puede ser que un individuo que aumente de peso con facilidad o bien que, por su estructura física su cuerpo abulte mas, lo que proporcionara una apariencia obesa, aunque no lo sea objetivamente. Por lo que es importante tener presente estos puntos cuando se trata de solucionar, ya que estos factores predisponentes que condicionan siempre los tratamientos. Entre los factores relacionados los mensajes publicitarios y las modificaciones a los rubros publicitarios en los alimentos procesados. En esta revisión se destacan los aspectos psicosociales de la obesidad y su relación con la publicidad con los acuerdos en políticas públicas como estrategias preventivas a la obesidad infantil y en adultos. Por su parte el empleo cultural de la publicidad incide directamente a las y los receptores al consumo mas que alimentos, a las figuras corporales ideales que son “estéticamente apreciables” y modelos “estáticos” perdurables. El empleo de las estrategias de atención multidisciplinario destaca entre la evaluación, los aprendizajes modelados de los pacientes con sobrepeso con sus posibles cambios en la recuperación de la salud integral.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
Ética, política y tecnociencia de la vida
Authors: Velasco Gómez Ambrosio 
Published: September 2022

El desarrollo de la ciencia y la tecnología en el siglo XX ha llevado a la creencia generalizada de que las humanidades y en particular la filosofía han pasado a un segundo plano de importancia, pues desde esa perspectiva cientificista las humanidades no tienen ni el grado de desarrollo ni la utilidad social que las ciencias y la tecnología han logrado. Inclusive en el plano político, el conocimiento científico y tecnológico se considera una fuente de legitimación suficiente de los gobiernos, aun en sistemas democráticos. Este divorcio entre ciencias y humanidades es lamentable y puede llevarnos a la pérdida completa del sentido ético de la vida, tanto en un plano personal como colectivo. Aldous Huxley en su novela Un mundo feliz nos ha dejado una muy vívida imagen del futuro que nos espera si la ciencia y la tecnología se convierten en el único conocimiento socialmente valioso y relevante, desprendiéndose de toda consideración valorativa, de toda reflexión humanista.
Determinación clínica y radiográfica del somatotipo facial en pacientes pediátricos
Authors: Curioca Rocha Sandra Araceli , Portillo Guerrero Germán 
Published: September 2022

Es importante conocer el somatotipo facial para establecer un plan de tratamiento. Se puede determinar de forma clínica y radiográfica, clasificándose así en tres patrones: dolicofacial, mesofacial y braquifacial. Cuando es identificado orrectamente, es importante saber si algunas anomalías pueden asentarse en un mismo biotipo, conocer qué maloclusiones están asociadas y brindar el tratamiento adecuado. Objetivo: Determinar si existen diferencias entre el diagnóstico clínico (plano frontal) y radiográfico (plano sagital) e identificar el somatotipo más frecuente utilizando los dos métodos. Métodos: Se seleccionaron 89 niños de ambos géneros, entre 6 y 10 años que acudieron a la Clínica de Odontopediatría de la División de Estudios de Postgrado e Investigación (DEPeI) de la Facultad de Odontología de la UNAM, durante el periodo 2004-2005. Se revisaron 5 niños por día, a cada uno de ellos se le realizó el diagnóstico clínico del somatotipo y se les tomó radiografía lateral de cráneo para realizar su diagnóstico radiográfico, hasta completar el tamaño de la muestra. Los datos fueron analizados y registrados en el programa estadístico SPSS 12.0 utilizando una prueba de Kappa para medir la confiabilidad de los diagnósticos. Resultados: En la comparación de la media por género no hubo diferencias significativas p = 0.82. La repetibilidad de los dos métodos es baja (Kappa = 0.192). La prueba Chi cuadrada indicó que hay asociación entre género y somatotipo (c2 = 8.4; p = 0.015) en la distribución de somatotipos por diagnóstico clínico por género. Sin embargo, en la distribución de somatotipos por diagnóstico radiográfico por género la prueba indicó que no hay asociación entre género y somatotipo (c2 = 0.2; p = 0.902). Conclusiones: No hay correlación entre ambos diagnósticos, ya que la repetibilidad entre ellos fue baja. Se considera que la determinación clínica del somatotipo facial es un elemento más a considerar para el diagnóstico.
Prevalencia de caries de la infancia temprana y nivel socioeconómico familiar
Authors: Montero Canseco Delia , López Morales Patricia , Castrejón Perez Roberto Carlos 
Published: September 2022

La caries de la infancia temprana (CIT) es una forma particularmente destructiva de las estructuras dentarias que afecta principalmente a niños menores de tres años de edad.Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de caries de la infancia temprana y su asociación con el nivel socioeconómico familiar en niños que asistieron a consulta por primera vez a la Clínica de Odontopediatría de la DEPeI, UNAM durante el periodo escolar 2006-2007. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal, con una muestra de 100 pacientes infantiles de 12 a 48 meses de edad. Mediante un examen bucal se determinó la presencia de caries de la infancia temprana y se aplicó una encuesta a los padres de los pacientes para conocer su nivel socioeconómico. Resultados: (c2 = 43.27 p = 0.001). Respecto al promedio de dientes afectados por caries en la población infantil examinada fue mayor (2.8 ± 1.75) cuando el padre tenía estudios técnicos o profesionales (F = 4.5, p = 0.01) y también cuando la madre tenía estudios de secundaria y preparatoria. (3.05 ± 2.69) (F = 3.9, p = 0.02). Cuando los niños consumieron 3 o más refrescos diarios, se incrementó el promedio de dientes con necesidad de extracción (1.91 ± 2.06) (F = 3.3 p = 0.03). Al consumir 2 o más golosinas diarias también se incrementó el número de extracciones (2.09 ± 2.07) (F = 4.6 p = 0.12). Conclusiones: La prevalencia de CIT fue alta y la escolaridad de los padres y la dieta infantil se relacionaron directamente con la presencia de caries de la infancia temprana en los pacientes examinados. La prevalencia de caries de la infancia temprana en la población examinada fue de 59.5%. Se encontró diferencia estadística significativa por género y edad en el total delos niños y niñas (
Anquilosis temporomandibular. Liberación, reconstrucción con injerto de apófisis coronoides y cartílago auricular: Presentación de caso clínico
Authors: Ravelo Loreto José Gregorio , López Noriega Juan Carlos , Ruiz Rodríguez Rafael 
Published: September 2022

La anquilosis de la articulación temporomandibular (ATM) es la unión completa o parcial de los componentes de la articulación. La causa más común es el macrotrauma asociado con la fractura del proceso condilar durante el periodo activo de crecimiento en la infancia temprana1, 2, entre estas se pueden mencionar, accidentes viales y caídas como las principales causas de la anquilosis de ATM en niños3. Esta patología es de particular interés en los niños ya que en ellos la hipomovilidad puede tener un impacto significativo en el crecimiento facial por lo que es importante la liberación de la articulación en etapas tempranas más la aplicación de un injerto que permita un crecimiento facial simétrico4. Se presenta un caso.