bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formulation and evaluation of Yemeni potash alum as hydrophilic topical preparations against bacterial skin infections
Authors: Refat Moath , Thabit Anes A.M. , Siddick Hesham , Maqboli Abdul-Rahman , Sharah Mohammed , A.Thabet Abdul-baqi , Refat Manar , A. Mohammed Aiman Saleh , Al-Sabati Ahmed 
Published: November 2022

Skin and soft tissue infections are common. Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa cause most bacterial skin infections. Yemen's alum is a natural mineral with potent antibacterial and antifungal activity. The current study aimed to verify Yemen alum's antibacterial activity against chosen bacterial strains to formulate a valuable topical preparation. We formulated twenty-three formulations involving four non-adjusted aqueous solutions, eight adjusted pH aqueous solutions, three Oil/Water cream formulations, and eight glycerin solutions, all with different alum concentrations. After that, we evaluated the antibacterial efficacy against the selected bacterial strains. Additionally, we performed stability testing (almost six weeks) to determine the chosen preparations' estimated shelf life (t90). Alum showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Finally, it was concluded that Oil/Water cream (10% alum) is viable preparation for large-scale production.
News Credibility Perception based on Media
Authors: Nahdiah Siti , Agustin Cindy Ayu 
Published: November 2022

The developments of communication technology nowadays open up the boundaries for us to get information. We used to wait for morning newspaper or the schedule of news program on Television to get recent issues. Now we can access any kind of updated news anytime anywhere with our hands using online media. The objective of this study is to explain the credibility perception of the news from the media used by the audience in Indonesia. The focus is to determine which media is considered the most credible between print and online media. This study is based on media theory from Harold Innis, one of the first theorists in media, about the bias of communication. The positivistic paradigm and quantitative approach with survey method is used in this study. The result shows that even though nowadays online media is prefered to be used, the content of news in print media considered be more credible.Â Keywords : News Credibility; Print media; Online media
IMOBILISASI ENZIM UNTUK MENURUNKAN KADAR LAKTOSA / Immobilization of Enzymes to Reduce Lactose Levels
Authors: Setyawati Amelya , Suyatma Nugraha Edhi , Budi Faleh Setia 
Published: November 2022

<p>Lactose intolerant consumers can consume milk if there is a lactase enzyme that breaks down lactose in dairy products first. Enzyme immobilization is an enzyme attached to the material and not dissolved in the product stream repeatedly. The process of reducing lactose levels by immobilizing the lactase enzyme in milk can be a claim that the milk is low in lactose and lactose-free. This review aims to identify recent and significant advances in enzyme immobilization technology, generate ideas for future research areas, and help identify critical gaps in research to find solutions. The highest percentage of enzyme immobilization until almost 100% uses an alginate matrix and a cycle more than twice. That indicates that the enzyme immobilization method is very effective in making low-lactose milk in the food industry in this particular. Some benefits of enzyme immobilization for the food industry are: producing low-lactose milk and improving the quality or the value of dairy products by increasing the product’s softness, digestibility, and sweetnes. In addition, it can speed up the ripening process of cheese and is a source of sugar in confectionery, feedstuffs, soft drinks, candy, cakes, ice cream, flavored milk, desserts, and molasses.</p><p>Keywords: Milk, lactose intolerance, anzyme immobilization, alginate.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Konsumen intoleransi laktosa dapat mengonsumsi susu apabila ada enzim laktase yang memecah laktosa terlebih dahulu. Kadar laktosa dapat diturunkan dengan cara imobilisasi enzim laktase pada susu sehingga memiliki laktosa yang rendah atau bebas laktosa. Imobilisasi enzim merupakan enzim yang melekat pada bahan dan tidak terlarut dalam aliran produk sehingga dapat digunakan berulang kali. Naskah ini mengungkapkan kemajuan teknologi imobilisasi enzim dan membantu menemukan solusi dalam menurunkan kadar laktosa pada susu. Tingkat imobilisasi enzim yang tinggi hingga mencapai hampir 100% menggunakan matriks alginat dan siklus yang dapat digunakan lebih dari dua kali menunjukkan metode imobilisasi enzim sangat efektif menekan kadar laktosa pada susu atau pada industri pangan umumnya. Manfaat imobilisasi enzim bagi industri pangan selain untuk memproduksi susu rendah laktosa juga dapat meningkatkan kualitas atau nilai produk susu dengan meningkatkan kelembutan, daya cerna, dan rasa manis produk. Selain itu, dapat mempercepat proses pematangan keju dan sumber gula dalam penganan, bahan pakan, minuman ringan, permen, kue, es krim, susu berperisa, makanan penutup, dan molase. <br /><br />Kata kunci: Susu, intoleransi laktosa, imobilisasi enzim, alginat</p>
Assessing the accuracy of the International Classification of Disease (ICD) frameworkin the identification of patients with Chronic Subdural Haematoma from hospital records.
Authors: Yordanov Stefan , Khan Shuaib , Stubbs Danial , Davies Benjamin , Santarius Thomas , Hutchinson Peter , Joannides Alexis 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is one of the commonest neurosurgical pathologies with an increasing incidence. Observational studies of routine care have demonstrated high perioperative morbidity and approximately 10% mortality at one year. 20 The development, implementation, and evaluation of a potential care framework relies on an accurate and reproducible method of case identification and case ascertainment. With this manuscript, we report on the accuracy of diagnostic ICD codes for identifying patients with CSDH from retrospective electronic data and explore whether basic demographic data could improve the identification of CSDH.
Methods:
Data were collected retrospectively from the hospital administrative system between 2014–2018 of all patients coded with either S065 or I620. Analysis of the ICD codes in identifying patients with CSDH diagnosis was calculated using the caretR package in RStudioR .and stepwise logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the best predictive model for CSDH.
Results:
A total of 1861 patients were identified. Of these, 189 (10.2%) had a diagnosis of non-traumatic SDH (I620) and 1672 (89.8%) traumatic subdural haematomas (S065). Variables that identified CSDH as a diagnosis on univariate logistic regression included male sex (Odds Ratios (OR) − 1.606(1.197–2.161), elderly age (OR) − 1.023(1.015–1.032) per year for age (p < 0.001) and shorter length of hospital stay. Using stepwise regression against AIC the best model to predict CSDH included male sex, older age, and shorter LOS. The calculated sensitivity for identifying CSDH with the model is 88.4% with a specificity of 84.5% and PPV of 87.9%.
Conclusion:
CSDH is a common neurosurgical pathology with increasing incidence and ongoing unmet clinical need. We demonstrate that case ascertainment for research purposes can be improved with the incorporation of additional demographic data but at the expense of significant case exclusion.
Urban-rural disparities in the association between home and community-based services utilization and levels of disabilities among Chinese older adults with disabilities
Authors: Zhang Xiangyang , Huang Zishuo , Zhang Rujia , Wang Xiaoyi , Yang Qingren , Zhang Xinxin , Xu Tingke , Huang Yunyun , Wang Shanshan , Chen Chun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: China has the highest number of older adults with disabilities worldwide. Home and community-based services (HCBSs) are optimal ways to deal with disability problems. Studies have shown urban-rural disparities in the supply and demand of HCBSs in China and that disability levels are significantly associated with HCBSs utilization. However, what’s inconspicuous is whether there are urban-rural disparities in HCBSs utilization and whether HCBSs utilization and levels of disabilities are associated. This study is designed to analyze urban-rural disparities both in HCBSs utilization and in the relationship between HCBSs utilization and levels of disabilities among Chinese older adults with disabilities.
Methods: In applying the Andersen behavioral model, bivariate analysis and multivariate regression models were employed using data from 843 older adults with disabilities from the 2018 China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey.
Results: Urban older adults with disabilities used HCBSs over twice as often as their rural counterparts. Furthermore, older adults with moderate disabilities living in urban areas used HCBSs more than twice as often as older adults with mild disabilities, while older adults with severe disabilities residing in urban areas used HCBSs approximately three times more often than older adults with mild disabilities. However, regarding rural older adults with disabilities, the levels of disabilities were unrelated to HCBSs utilization.
Conclusion: Disability levels among Chinese older adults with disabilities were significantly correlated with HCBSs utilization throughout the country and in urban areas, but not in rural areas. The underlying reason for these disparities is the low utilization of HCBSs in rural areas among older adults with disabilities. The government should combine the supply-side and demand-side perspectives to fundamentally address urban-rural disparities in using HCBSs among Chinese older adults with disabilities.
Association of physical activity, school safety and opioid use in adolescents: A structural equation analysis
Authors: Alexander Janae 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The opioid epidemic has created an opportunity for researchers to examine the personal and environmental relationships around opioid use. This study examined the association of physical activity, school safety, and opioid use among a sample of US high school students.
Methods
The sample of participants for this study were from the latest Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) (2019 dataset). The main dependent variable for this study was opioid use in male and female adolescents in the 9th-12th grades in the United States. The independent variables assessed were unsafe schools and physical activity. All statistical analysis was done using STAT software version 17.
Results
15.4% of the high school students reported misusing opioids and being a very physically active group (µ = 4.69days per week). The overall goodness of fit for the model was good 2 (df = 8) = 62.96 (p < .001), RMSEA = 0.029 [90% CI (0.02, 0.04)], CFI = 0.993, SRMR = 0.02. While latent physical activity was not statistically significantly related to opioid misuse (β = -0.02, p = .08), unsafe schools increased opioid misuse (β = 0.33, p < .001). This study showed the direct path between opioid use and unsafe school environments and behaviors.
Conclusion
School administrators and school health educators can consider the relationships discussed in this study and create programs to address the prominent behavior and risk factors to prevent adult dependence on opioids and school-related incidences escalated by comorbid drug use.
Cutting Tool Path Modification to Uniform Scallop‐Height in Three-Axis Milling Operations
Authors: Soori Mohsen , Arezoo Behrooz 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Scallop height, which is the uncut amount of workpiece materials in metal cutting paths, has an impact on the surface condition of manufactured products. To increase accuracy and surface quality of machined parts, the scallop height should be analyzed in order to be minimized. In this study, a virtual machining system is created to produce uniform scallop height throughout free form surface end milling. Machined surfaces are analyzed by the developed system in order to obtain the curvature of free form surfaces. Then, the machined surfaces are divided to the flat, concave and convex surfaces in order to analyze and modify the cutting tool paths along milling operations. The machining parameters of step over, feed rate and spindle speed are modified in order to obtain uniform scallop height during milling operations of free form surfaces. As a result, the modified cutting tool paths can generate the uniform scallop height in order to increase surface quality of machined free form surfaces. To enhance the process of component manufacturing utilizing machining operations, the study's produced virtual machining system can raise the productivity as well as the accuracy of machined free from surfaces.
Paliurus spina-christi fruit extracts improve glucose uptake and activate the insulin signaling pathways in HepG2 insulin-resistant cells
Authors: Esfahani Seyedeh Mona Mousavi , Tarighi Parastoo , Dianat Kosar , Ashour Tabarek Mahdi , Mottaghi-Dastjerdi Negar , Aghsami Mehdi , Sabernavaei Mahsa , Montazeri Hamed 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Paliurus spina-christi(PSC) fruit is frequently used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus in Mediterranean regions. Here, we investigated the effects of various PSC fruit extracts (PSC-FE) on glucose consumption and some key mediators of insulin signaling pathways in high glucose and high insulin-induced insulin-resistant HepG2 cells.
Methods: The effects of methanolic, chloroform and total extracts on cell proliferation were assessed by the MTT assay. The potential of non-toxic extracts on glucose utilization in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells was checked using a glucose oxidase assay. AKT and AMPK pathway activation and mRNA expression levels of insulin receptor (INSR), GLUT1, and GLUT4 were determined by western blotting and real-time PCR, respectively.
Results: We found that high concentrations of methanolic and both low and high concentrations of total extracts were able to enhance glucose uptake in an insulin-resistant cell line model. Moreover, AKT and AMPK phosphorylation were significantly increased by the high strength of methanolic extract, while total extract raised AMPK activation at low and high concentrations. Also, GLUT 1, GLUT 4, and INSR were elevated by both methanolic and total extracts.
Conclusions: These results indicate that methanolic and total PSC-FE can restore glucose consumption and uptake in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells, which could be at least in part due to re-activating AKT and AMPK signaling pathways and also increased expression of INSR and glucose transporters. Overall, our study suggests methanolic and total extracts of PCS as appropriate antidiabetic agents and explains the use of these PSC fruits in traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes.
Geographically disaggregated approach to integrate low carbon technologies across local electricity networks
Authors: Few Sheridan , Djapic Predrag , Strbac Goran , Nelson Jenny , Candelise Chiara 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Globally, increased deployment of low carbon technologies in the form of distributed photovoltaics (PV), heat pumps (HPs), and electric vehicles (EVs) are required to meet climate targets. Without network upgrades or increased system flexibility, these technologies would overload some local networks. The extent of overloading, which networks are most susceptible, and optimal means of avoiding overloading by context, remain unclear. This paper presents a new methodology using local-level data and network simulation to calculate future network upgrade costs in over 40,000 geographical regions across Great Britain. Network upgrade costs are found to vary substantially between localities. Costs are typically highest in urban areas, and areas with high levels of HP and EV deployment. Reduction in network upgrade cost associated with locally deployed flexibility is also calculated and found to vary substantially between localities. This geographically resolved data is used to develop a targeted approach to deployment of local network flexibility across the country, reducing network upgrade costs by more than £200 million compared to an approach treating localities as homogenous.
WITHDRAWN: Courtship and mating behavior in two species of Pediobius (Eulophidae, Hymenoptera) with comparison with other Chalcidoidea in Israel.
Authors: Rudoy Andrey 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Mating of several tiny chalcid species from Eulophidae, Aphilinidae and Encyrtidae were observed in north Israel. Male of the smallest among observed, Aphelinus sp was not mounting during mating. In Encyrtidae both species, Aensius arisonensis and Anagyrus vladimiri behavior very similarly. Males mount on the female after short run. In Eulophidae courtship of Pediobius saulius and P. epigunus seems different and involving one and two males respectively. In both species observed the run of one specimen after another and wing opening of the male. In P. saulius were observed only elements of courtship as wings movements of males near the female and male-male combats with antennae. In P. epigunus only mating with two males was successful. In last moment before mating males open wings and put antennae in up wase position, continuing to run. Copulation starts from contacts with legs. Female was stepping with two males on its dorsal side. During the mating female was in firmed physical contact with two males instantaneously for several seconds. Any elements of competition between males were detected, both were realizing same behavioral pattern, and staying in symmetrical position on the both sides of the female similarly in courtship of P. saulius.
Comparative Chloroplast Genomes and Phylogenetic Analyses of Zanthoxylum L. Provide Insights into Species Delimitation and Phylogenetic Relationships
Authors: Liu Xia , Sun Chong , Li Mingzhi , Liu Han , Zhu Xinxin , Huang Qinqin , Liu Huamin , Chen Zexiong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Zanthoxylum L. (Rutaceae), including a large number of economically, ecologically and medicinally important species, is widely distributed all over the world. However, there are few studies about its chloroplast genome information to date.
Results: Our results showed that the chloroplast genomes have a typical quadripartite structure with one large single copy, one small single copy, and two inverted repeat regions. The size of the genomes ranged from 157,231 bp to 158,728 bp in length, and 132 genes were identified in four species, which including 87 protein-coding genes, 37 transfer RNA genes and 8 ribosomal RNAs, while contained 133 genes (88 protein-coding genes) in Z. piasezkii chloroplast genome. The IR-SC boundary regions exhibited great variation among these five chloroplast genomes.
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the rpl22 gene was truncated in Z. piasezkii, which was was different from other Zanthoxylum species and could be used as a marker for accurate identify Z. piasezkii. Our plastid tree indicates the possibility that the earlier intrageneric classifications, especially subgenus, need to be further refined. These findings will provide insights into the genetic diversity, evolutionary history, and species identification of Zanthoxylum.
Improvement of PGC demodulation algorithm based on low harmonic distortion
Authors: Bing Wei , Meng Wang , Yong Kong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In order to solve the problem of demodulation distortion caused by light intensity disturbance and modulation depth drift in phase generation carrier demodulation algorithm, in this paper, an improved phase generation carrier demodulation algorithm for interferometric sensor is proposed. The distortion caused by light intensity disturbance is theoretically analyzed and compared with the demodulation performance of traditional discrete cosine transform (PGC-DCM) and PGC-Arctan(PGC-Arctan) algorithm, the experimental results show that the signal-to-noise ratio (SINAD) of about 30dB can be achieved when the light intensity disturbance (LID) of 1.5rad ~ 3.5rad is introduced, which is nearly 15dB higher than the traditional discrete cosine transform algorithm. At the same time, the dependence on modulation depth C can be eliminated. The total harmonic distortion (THD) of less than 0.1% and the signal-to-noise ratio of 30dB can be achieved in the experiment, which is nearly 10dB higher than the traditional algorithm, and the linearity is as high as 99.99%. This research provides a new scheme for the demodulation of optical fiber interferometric sensor.
Validating Medical Treatment Decision Makers in the Medical Records of a Teaching Hospital
Authors: Osman Abdi D , Smithies Lisa , Jones Daryl , HOWELL Jocelyn , Braitberg George 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
A Medical Treatment Decision Maker (MTDM) is appointed to make medical treatment decision on behalf of a person who cannot make such decisions for themselves, provided they are reasonably available and willing to make such decisions. In the Emergency Department (ED), the clinicians’ ability to contact MTDMs is an essential for patient care, particularly in time-critical situations or when end of life discussion is necessary. Our primary objective was to review the verification process and assess the accuracy of MTDM contact numbers in the Health Information System (HIS) at our institution.
Methods
Quantitative method with retrospective observational study design with phone interview transcript was used. Data was imported from Microsoft Office Excel Spreadsheet to SPSS™ for analysis and statistical significance indicated by a two-sided P value < 0.05 and Confidence Interval (CI) range.
Results
Of the one hundred and sixty-nine patients selected, seventy six percent had a MTDM listed selected of whom 59% were available for follow up. The process of registering and validating a person as a MTDM in the HIS was found to be compliant with legal requirements. There was no reported, observed or known existing contact update alert process in the HIS after a period of patient record inactivity. Patient advancing age had statistically significant association with the number of call attempts made to reach the listed MTDM (P = 0.043; CI, -3.541 to -0.057) and the MTDM’s consent to participate (p = 0.023). Patient gender had statistically significant association with successfully contacting the listed MTDM (p = 0.036; CI, 0.012 to 0.355) and the number of call attempts made to reach the listed MTDM (P = 0.039; CI, 0.006 to 0.218).
Conclusion
Identification and listing of MTDMs for elderly patients need to improve, as the study found only 76% had MTDMs listed. In our sample only 59% responded to a contact call, a concerning result when considering the possible time critical nature of such a call. Four participants declined to consent as a call originating from a hospital extension is displayed as “No Caller ID” on smart phones. Concern about cybersecurity or data breaches, may impact on the ability to maintain accurate MTDM details