bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metastatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma To The Nasal Cavity And Sinus: A Potential Diagnostic Challenge And The Detection Of Programmed Death Ligand-1 Expression
Authors: Ye Min , Hu Chunyan , Yuan Cuncun , Zhai Changwen , Lin Lan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
PurposeHepatocellular carcinoma that metastasizes to the sinonasal cavity is very rare. So far, there are limited reports related to this kind of rare condition within the literature. We are committed to concluding the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of these special patients. Materials and methodswe retrospectively analyzed 12 patients suffered from nasal metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma from 2010 to 2021 at Fudan University Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital(FDUEENT). The clinical characteristics ,pathological morphology and immunohistochemistry, follow-up induration and prognosis analysis of these patients were investigated.ResultsThere were 11 males and 1 female included in our study. And the metastatic sites mainly include nasal cavity, nasopharynx, sphenoid sinus and maxillary sinus. In the light microscope, the tumor cells mainly showed diffuse distribution around obvious blood vessels. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that at least one of the specific epithelial markers (hepatocyte paraffin-1, alpha-fetoprotein, glypican-3, arginase-1) was expressed in tumor cells. And the expression of programmed death ligand-1 was detected in one case which might provide a potent therapeutic target. The available follow-up information of six cases indicated that sinonasal metastases usually arise several years after developing liver cancer. However, their survival time since developing sinonasal metastasis was less than 9 months. ConclusionsIn summary, hepatocellular metastasis to sinonasal cavity remains very rare and the outcome of such patients was dismal. However, the definite early diagnosis coupled with aggressive treatment might play an important role in improving prognosis.
Floating flocks: 2D long-range uniaxial order in 3D active fluids
Authors: Maitra Ananyo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Elongated active units cannot break rotation symmetry in bulk Stokesian fluids to form nematic or polar phases. This has led to the defining image of active suspensions as spontaneously evolving, spatiotemporally chaotic fluids. In contrast, I show that bulk active fluids have stable active nematic and polar states at fluid-fluid or fluid-air interfaces. The active flows that ``anti-screen'' orientational fluctuations in the bulk, destroying the ordered phase, screen angular fluctuations of interfacial uniaxial states leading to long-range order. This implies that active fluids are unique in having a surface ordering transition in a system in which a bulk transition is forbidden for any parameter value and form states in which surfaces are quiescent and ordered while the bulk is chaotic.
When active species are constrained to live at a fluid interface, immotile units do not order, but motile particles still form a long-range-ordered polar phase. I exactly characterise the hydrodynamic properties of these phases. This is the first prediction of stable, uniaxial, active phases in bulk Stokesian fluids and has functional consequences for active transport.
Remarkable response to pralsetinib in an advanced pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma patient harboring a KIF5B-RET rearrangement: A case report
Authors: Wu Ying , Yan Zhecheng , Pan Juan , Chang Xiaona , Huang Bo , Luo Danju , Shi Heshui , Fan Jun , Nie Xiu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) is a rare and unconventional non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that appears to be more aggressive, with a poorer prognosis and response to conventional treatment. Approximately 30% of PSCs have potentially targetable genomic alterations, but few studies have involved RET gene fusions, and corresponding targeted therapies are lacking.
Case presentation:
In this report, we describe a patient with PSC harboring a KIF5B-RET gene fusion who was initially diagnosed with stage IVb lung cancer. Due to the poor performance status, the patient was unable to tolerate any radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Based on the next-generation sequencing (NGS) result of RET gene fusion, the patient was treated with pralsetinib. Two months after the treatment, the patient achieved a partial response.
Conclusions
Our case indicates that RET is one of the main driver oncogenes of PSC and provides useful information for precise RET inhibitor administration in the future. In addition, this case shows that dynamic NGS tests can assist in clinical decision-making by presenting molecular changes.
Risk Prediction Models for Diabetic Foot Ulcer Development or Amputation: A Review of Reviews
Authors: Kaka Anjum , Landsteiner Adrienne , Ensrud Kristine , Logan Brittany , Sowerby Catherine , Ullman Kristen , Yoon Patrick , Wilt Timothy J. , Sultan Shahnaz 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
In adults with diabetes, diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) and amputation are common and associated with significant morbidity and mortality.
Purpose
Identify tools predicting risk of DFU or amputation that are prognostically accurate and clinically feasible.
Methods
We searched for systematic reviews (SRs) of tools predicting DFU or amputation published in multiple databases from initiation to July 2021. We assessed risk of bias (ROB) and provided a narrative review of reviews describing performance characteristics (calibration and discrimination) of prognostically accurate tools. For such tools, we additionally reviewed original studies to ascertain implementation clinical applicability and feasibility (variables included, score calculation, and risk categorization).
Results
We identified 3 eligible SRs predicting DFU or amputation risk. Two recent SRs (2020 and 2021) were rated as moderate and low ROB respectively. Four risk prediction models – Boyko, Martins-Mendes (simplified), Martins-Mendes (original), and PODUS 2020 had good prognostic accuracy for predicting DFU or amputation over time horizons ranging from 1- to 5-years. PODUS 2020 predicts absolute average risk (e.g., 6% risk of DFU at 2 years) and consists of 3-binary variables with a simple, summative scoring (0–4) making it feasible for clinic implementation. The other 3 models categorize risk subjectively (e.g., high-risk for DFU at 3 years), include 2–7 variables, and require a calculation device. No data exist to inform rescreening intervals. Furthermore, the effectiveness of targeted interventions in decreasing incidence of DFU or amputation in response to prediction scores is unknown.
Conclusions
In this review of reviews, we identified 4 prognostically accurate models that predict DFU or amputation in persons with diabetes. The PODUS 2020 model, predicting absolute average DFU risk at 2 years, has the most favorable prognostic accuracy and is clinically feasible. Rescreening intervals and effectiveness of intervention based on prediction score are uncertain.
Cloud-Based Bug Tracking Software DefectsAnalysis using Deep Learning
Authors: Hai Tao , Zhou Jincheng , Li Ning , Jain Sanjiv Kumar , Agrawal Shweta 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Cloud technology is not immune to bugs and issue tracking. A dedicated system is required that will extremely error prone and less cumbersome and must command a high degree of collaboration, flexibility of operations and smart decision making. One of the primary goals of software engineering is to provide high-quality software within a specified budget and period for cloud-based technology. However, defects found in Cloud-Based Bug Tracking software’s can result in quality reduction as well as delay in the delivery process. Therefore, software testing plays a vital role in ensuring the quality of software in the cloud, but software testing requires higher time and cost with the increase of complexity of user requirements. Early detection of defect-prone components in software helps to recognize which components require higher attention during testing and thereby allocate the available resources effectively and efficiently. This research was motivated by the demand of minimizing the time and cost required for Cloud-Based Bug Tracking Software testing while ensuring the delivery of high-quality software products without any delays emanating from the cloud. Notwithstanding that several machine learning techniques have been widely applied for building software defect prediction models in general, achieving higher prediction accuracy is still a challenging task. Thus, the primary aim of this research is to investigate how deep learning methods can be used for Cloud-Based Bug Tracking Software defect detection with a higher accuracy. The research conducted an experiment with four different configurations of Multi-Layer Perceptron neural network using five publicly available software defect datasets. Results of the experiments show that the best possible network configuration for software defect detection model using Multi-Layer Perceptron can be the prediction model with two hidden layers having 25 neurons in the first hidden layer and 5 neurons in the second hidden layer.
High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein and Circulating Biomarkers of Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Receiving Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Aghel Nazanin , Gustafson Dakota , Delgado Diego , Atenafu Eshetu , Fish Jason , Lipton Jeffrey H 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have revolutionized the management of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML); however, reports of cardiovascular (CV) toxicities caused by these drugs are concerning. While the role of CV risk factors and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in the pathogenesis of CV events is known, limited data exist in CML patients. In this study, we investigated the relationship between hsCRP, CV risk factors, CML disease activity, and exposure to TKIs in 262 CML patients enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Additionally, we explored whether novel markers of vascular dysfunction were associated with exposure to specific TKIs. In multivariable analyses only body mass index (BMI) (OR: 1.15, 95% I: 1.108–1.246; P < 0.001) and CML duration (OR: 1.004, 95% CI: 1.001–1.008; P = 0.024) were independently associated with higher hsCRP. HsCRP level was not associated with CML disease activity or a specific TKI. In exploratory analyses, novel endothelial-centric markers (e.g., ET-1 and VCAM-1) were differential across the various TKIs, particularly amongst nilotinib- and ponatinib-treated patients. Using hsCRP to risk stratify CML patients may be a potential strategy for implementing aggressive CV risk factor modification in these patients while circulating markers of vascular dysfunction should be explored as potential markers of TKI-associated CV risk.
Patient selection for surgery for peritoneal sarcomatosis in retroperitoneal sarcoma —— external validation of the Simplified Peritoneal Sarcomatosis Score
Authors: Lv Ang , Li Yang , Sun Rong-Ze , Xue Guo-Qiang , Tian Xiu-Yun , Hao Chun-Yi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Peritoneal sarcomatosis (PS) in patients with retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS) often indicates a poor prognosis. The Simplified Peritoneal Sarcomatosis Score (SPSS) had been devised as a simple tool to stratify such patients. This study aimed to validate the effectiveness of SPSS and attempted to explore factors predicting surgical outcomes.
Methods
Patients with PS in RPS who underwent surgery between January 2011 and January 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Survival analyses were performed to analyze SPSS, together with other factors such as completeness of surgery, surgical history and pathological types.
Results
A total of 49 patients were included, 34 of whom underwent macroscopically complete excision (CE) successfully. Eighteen and 31 patients were considered SPSS-L (low) and SPSS-H (high), respectively. The median follow-up time was 36.0 months. In univariate analysis, both SPSS and completeness of surgery showed obvious influences on survival. Compared to SPSS-H patients, SPSS-L patients had a significantly longer median overall survival (OS) (27 vs. 10 months; P = 0.03) and progression-free survival (PFS) (14 vs. 8 months, P = 0.021). Similarly, patients who underwent CE had superior median OS (20 vs. 8 months, P = 0.022) and PFS (14 vs. 8 months, P = 0.027) than those who underwent imcomplete excision. In multivariate analysis, completeness of surgery was shown to be the only independent predictor of both OS (P = 0.037) and PFS (P = 0.027).
Conclusions
SPSS is a useful tool to stratify RPS patients with PS, while achievement of CE is the key factor to improving their prognosis.
Relationship between biochemical parameters and paraoxonase 1 activity of boar seminal plasma and semen quality
Authors: Nedić Svetlana , Đurić Miloje , Vakanjac Slobodanka , Arsić Sveta , Nedić Sreten , Samardžija Marko , Borozan Sunčica 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the biochemical components and the parameters of antioxidant protection in the seminal plasma (SP) of boars, as well as their relationship with semen quality parameters. Thirty-six boars were included in the study, whose ejaculates were divided into two groups: Group I (good quality semen, > 70% progressively motile sperm, n = 16), and Group II (poor quality semen, < 70% progressively motile sperm, n = 20). Significantly higher concentrations of ionized calcium (iCa), total cholesterol (TC), lactate-dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, as well as significantly higher values ​​of antioxidant protection parameters: thiol groups (-SH), paraoxonase 1 (PON1), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) ) were found in the good quality semen, while higher phosphorus (P) concentrations and increased alkaline-phosphatase (ALP) activity were found in the semen of poor quality. A negative correlation of total and progressive sperm motility with P and ALP was found in all examined semen samples, while a positive correlation was found with PON1 and TAC. The percentage of fast sperm cells positively correlated with iCa, chlorine (Cl), lactate, LDH and TAC, while a negative correlation was found with P, magnesium (Mg) and the enzyme creatine-kinase (CK). The percentage of immobile sperm positively correlated with P and ALP, and negatively correlated with TC, CK, PON1 and TAC. Elevated values ​​of PON1 and TAC in SP and a positive correlation with sperm motility indicate the possible use of these parameters as sensitive biomarkers of boar semen quality.
Counterfactual groups to assess treatment efficacy in HIV prevention trials in high risk populations in Uganda
Authors: Abaasa Andrew , Mayanja Yunia , Anywaine Zacchaeus , Kusemererwa Sylvia , Ruzagira Eugene , Kaleebu Pontiano 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Assessment of efficacy in HIV prevention trials remains a challenge in the era of widespread use of active controls. We investigated use of countefactual groups to assess treatment efficacy.Methods: We used data from placebo arms of two previous HIV prevention efficacy trials (Pro2000 vaginal microbicide trial, 2005-2009 and dapivirine vaginal ring trial, 2013-2016) and four observational cohorts (two in each of the periods; (a) during the conduct of a simulated HIV vaccine efficacy trial (SiVET), 2012-2017 and (b) prior to SiVET (2005-2011), and compared HIV prevention efficacy trial targeted outcomes with SiVETs. SiVET participants were administered a licensed Hepatitis B vaccine at 0,1 and 6 months mimicking an HIV vaccine efficacy trial schedule. Participants were tested for HIV quarterly for one year. The probability of SiVET assignment conditioned on measured participants baseline characteristics were estimated using propensity scores (PS) and matched between SiVET and placebo arm of trials. Similar calculations were repeated for observational cohorts in the pre and during SiVET periods. We compared HIV incidence rate ratio (IRR) between SiVET and the trials or observational data before and after PS matching. Results: This analysis involved data from 3,387 participants; observational cohorts before SiVET 1495 (44.2%), placebo arms of previous trials 367 (10.8%), observational cohorts during SiVET conduct 953 (28.1%) and SiVETs 572 (16.9%). Before propensity score matching (PSM), there were significant imbalances in participants baseline characteristics between SiVET and all the other studies and HIV incidence was lower in SiVET. After PSM, the participants characteristics were comparable. The HIV incidence in SiVET was similar to that in the previous trial, IRR=1.01 95%CI:0.16-4.70), p=0.968, and observational data during SiVET, IRR=0.74, 95%CI 0.34-1.54), p=0.195 but much lower compared to the observational data pre SiVET, IRR=0.48, 95%CI:0.20-1.04) p=0.023.Conclusion: PSM can be used to create countefactual groups from other data sources. The best counterfactual group for assessing treatment effect is provided by data collected in the placebo arm of previous trials followed by that from observational data collected concurrently to the current trial (SiVET). Even with PSM, observational data collected prior to the current trial may over estimate treatment effect.
Infectious keratitis caused by Klebsiella spp.: predisposing factors, presentation, and management
Authors: Masoumi Ahmad , Zeidabadiejad Hanyieh , Jafari Behzad , Esfandiari Amirreza , Soleimani Mohammad 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To study predisposing factors, clinical presentation and management strategies for klebsiella keratitis.
Methods
A retrospective case review was performed on clinical records of culture-proven klebsiella keratitis cases in a tertiary referral center over an 8-year period (from 2012 to 2020).
Results
Thirty eight episodes of culture-proven klebsiella keratitis were identified in 37 patients. The mean age of the patients was 62.9 years (range, 24–101).. Multiple predisposing factors were identified in 33 eyes including history of previous keratoplasty (n = 11) history of ocular trauma (n = 7), preexisting ocular surface disease(n = 7) and diabetes(n = 6). Corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) was light perception (LP) in 16 patients, hand motion (HM) in 12, counting fingers (CF) at 50 centimeters in 5, CF at 1 meter in 1, CF at 2 m in 2 .One patient had a CDVA of 3/10. On initial examination Hypopyon was detected in 21 eyes. Descemet's membrane folds were present in 1 eye. Corneal thinning was identified in 20 eyes and perforation occurred in 4 patients. Corneal ulcer progressed to endophthalmitis in one patient. Microbiologic sensitivity testing showed that 89.5% isolates were sensitive to amikacin (34/38),88.9%sensitive to ceftazidime (32/36),94.4% were sensitive to gentamicin (34/36),97.2% sensitive to ciprofloxacin (35/36), and 100% to levofloxacin (26/26).Ultimately, one or more surgical procedures was needed in 21 patients.
Conclusion
Previous keratoplasty, history of ocular trauma, ocular surface disease and systemic disease such as diabetes are major risk factors for Klebsiella keratitis. In most of the patients, surgical and tectonic procedures were necessary to control the infection.
Hair growth and restoration by transcriptional control of tissue regeneration in cancer recovery process by Huaier.
Authors: Tanaka Manami , Tanaka Tomoo , Zhu Xiaolong , Fei Teng , Lin Hong , Luo Zhu , Pan Ying , Sadahiro Sotaro , Suzuki Toshiyuki , Maeda Yuji , Wei Ding , Lu Zhengxin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In the process of caner recovery, Huaier simultaneously promotes significant hair growth and restoration as a typical evidence of its efficacy on induced tissue regeneration and repair function. Hair growth after conventional chemotherapy was a first and significant observation, and that in dose-dependent manner. The molecular basis of hair growth was identified as the activation of Hedgehog signaling pathway and among various perturbed signal transfer network, which initiates systematic tissue repair not only in pathogenic lesions but also to skin problems and inter/intra neural signal transfer. The activation followed by the inhibition at 3-6 months interval resulted in the prevention of subsequent complications, such as recurrence and metastasis by transcriptional control in cancer stem cell production. This regulation was demonstrated to occur irrespectively to SMO (smoothhead) function. The present study thus provides a simple and clear proof of Huaier effects on tissue regeneration, additional to the reported cancer specific-cell death.
Usefulness of discharge standards in outpatients undergoing sedative endoscopy: a propensity score-matched study of the modified post-anesthetic discharge scoring system and the modified Aldrete score
Authors: Yamaguchi Daisuke , Morisaki Tomohito , Sakata Yasuhisa , Mizuta Yumi , Nagatsuma Goshi , Inoue Suma , Shimakura Akane , Jubashi Amane , Takeuchi Yuki , Ikeda Kei , Tanaka Yuichiro , Yoshioka Wataru , Hino Naoyuki , Ario Keisuke , Tsunada Seiji , Esaki Motohiro 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of discharge standards in outpatients undergoing sedative endoscopy by comparing the modified post-anesthetic discharge scoring system (MPADSS) and the modified Aldrete score.
Methods
We prospectively enrolled 376 outpatients who underwent gastrointestinal endoscopy under midazolam sedation; 181 outpatients were assessed regarding discharge after sedative endoscopy using the MPADSS (group M), and 195 patients were assessed by the modified Aldrete score (group A). The clinical characteristics, types of endoscopy, endoscopic outcomes, and anesthesia outcomes were evaluated between the two groups. We compared discharge score, recovery time, and adverse events using propensity-score matching.
Results
Propensity-score matching created 120 matched pairs. The proportion of patients who had a recovery time within 60 minutes after endoscopy was significantly higher in group A than that in group M (42.5% versus 25.0%, respectively; P < 0.01). The proportion of patients who required > 120 minutes of recovery time after endoscopy was significantly lower in group A than that in group M (0.0% versus 5.0%, respectively; P = 0.03). However, significantly more patients had drowsiness at discharge in group A compared with group M (19.1% versus 5.0%, respectively; P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the adverse event rate within 24 hours of discharge between the groups.
Conclusions
Patients assessed by the modified Aldrete score were allowed to discharge earlier than those assessed by the MPADSS. However, a patient’s level of consciousness should be assessed carefully, especially in patients who visit the hospital alone.