bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FrosPy: A Modular Python Toolbox for Normal Mode Seismology
Authors: Schneider Simon , Talavera-Soza Sujania , Jagt Lisanne , Deuss Arwen 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We present free oscillations Python (FrosPy), a modular Python toolbox for normal mode seismology, incorporating several Python core classes that can easily be used and be included in larger Python programs. FrosPy is freely available and open source online. It provides tools to facilitate pre- and postprocessing of seismic normal mode spectra, including editing large time series and plotting spectra in the frequency domain. It also contains a comprehensive database of center frequencies and quality factor (Q) values based on 1D reference model preliminary reference Earth model for all normal modes up to 10 mHz and a collection of published measurements of center frequencies, Q values, and splitting function (or structure) coefficients. FrosPy provides the tools to visualize and convert different formats of splitting function coefficients and plot these as maps. By giving the means of using and comparing normal mode spectra and splitting function measurements, FrosPy also aims to encourage seismologists and geophysicists to learn about normal mode seismology and the study of the Earth’s free oscillation spectra and to incorporate them into their own research or use them for educational purposes.
Sigma metrics in quality control- An innovative tool
Authors: Koshy Juby Sara , Raza Afsheen 
Published: January 2022

The clinical laboratory in today’s world is a rapidly evolving field which faces a constant pressure to produce quick and reliable results. Sigma metric is a new tool which helps to reduce process variability, quantitate the approximate number of analytical errors, and evaluate and guide for better quality control (QC) practices.To analyze sigma metrics of 16 biochemistry analytes using ERBA XL 200 Biochemistry analyzer, interpret parameter performance, compare analyzer performance with other Middle East studies and modify existing QC practices.This study was undertaken at a clinical laboratory for a period of 12 months from January to December 2020 for the following analytes: albumin (ALB), alanine amino transferase (SGPT), aspartate amino transferase (SGOT), alkaline phosphatase (ALKP), bilirubin total (BIL T), bilirubin direct (BIL D), calcium (CAL), cholesterol (CHOL), creatinine (CREAT), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), glucose (GLUC), high density lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride (TG), total protein (PROT), uric acid (UA) and urea. The Coefficient of variance (CV%) and Bias % were calculated from internal quality control (IQC) and external quality assurance scheme (EQAS) records respectively. Total allowable error (TEa) was obtained using guidelines Clinical Laboratories Improvement Act guidelines (CLIA). Sigma metrics was calculated using CV%, Bias% and TEa for the above parameters. It was found that 5 analytes in level 1 and 8 analytes in level 2 had greater than 6 sigma performance indicating world class quality. Cholesterol, glucose (level 1 and 2) and creatinine level 1 showed &#62;4 sigma performance i.e acceptable performance. Urea (both levels) and GGT (level 1) showed &#60;3 sigma and were therefore identified as the problem analytes. Sigma metrics helps to assess analytic methodologies and can serve as an important self assessment tool for quality assurance in the clinical laboratory. Sigma metric evaluation in this study helped to evaluate the quality of several analytes and also categorize them from high performing to problematic analytes, indicating the utility of this tool. In conclusion, parameters showing lesser than 3 sigma need strict monitoring and modification of quality control procedure with change in method if necessary.
A study on evaluating blood urea and serum creatinine in diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Sankeerthi C H S L V , Biri Sai Ravi Kiran , Rani T Sandhya , Gundu Rajkumar , Vadlakonda Aravind 
Published: January 2022

Diabetes is one of the leading causes for end stage renal disease and nephropathy. Increases of blood urea and serum creatinine are due to abnormal renal function and also reduction in glomerular filtration rate. So, Urea and Creatinine are the ideal biomarkers to correlate the progression of diabetic nephropathy. Aim of the study is to evaluate the blood urea & serum creatinine with HbA1C in Diabetes mellitus patients.: A total of 50 cases and 30 controls were selected in our study. Blood samples were collected for blood urea, serum creatinine, HbA1C, Fasting plasma glucose and Post prandial blood sugar with age limit of 35-65 years. Mean ±SD was calculated for all these parameters. Blood urea and Serum creatinine are statistically significant in Diabetic patients when compared to the controls.Our study shows that blood urea and serum creatinine can be used as biomarkers in the early detection of diabetic nephropathy. These parameters help in reducing the severity of renal failure.
GABA: A critical player for regulating synaptic plasticity and adult neurogenesis
Authors: Mishra Mamata , Seth Pankaj 
Published: January 2022

During aging, the decrease of cognitive ability is believed to be the cause of age related neuronal damage and reduced proliferation and differentiation of adult-born neural precursor cells. To modulate the synaptic plasticity and adult neurogenesis, it is of immense importance to enhance the potential of resident neural stem cells of hippocampus and sub ventricular zone (SVZ). The necessity to restore brain functions is enormous in the neurodegenerative disease like Alzheimer, Parkinson diseases, stress induced cognitive dysfunction, depression and age-associated and HIV-associated dementia. As a pioneer transmitter, Gamma Amino Butaric Acid (GABA) influences the activity dependent adult neurogenesis and excites immature neurons in adult hippocampus. GABA holds the key for making adult immature neuron to mature functional neuron hence plays critical role in adult neurogenesis.This review aims to discuss about the spatio-temporal expression of various subunit of GABA-A receptor and how these subunits intimately modulates the synaptic plasticity. During developmental period GABAergic neurons mature at early stages and regulate overall neural activity much before the activity of glutamate. Not only during development but also during adult neurogenesis GABA plays a significant role in neurite outgrowth and establishing well network.
Prevalence of DFU among diabetic patients and its management
Authors: Kumar Amit , Sai Prasanna S. , Charishma R. , Satya Divya R. , Sowjanya R. V. V. 
Published: January 2022

: To study the prevalence of DFU among diabetic patients and the management of DFU among diabetic patients.: Prospective observational study. : The study was conducted in inpatients with diabetes of all departments and inpatients with diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) of surgical department of age 20 to 80 of both genders with sample size 150 were included from September 2019 to march 2020. The prevalence of DFU among diabetic patients was 16%. Among them more diabetic cases were seen in age group of 50-59 and DFU in 40-49 and More diabetic cases are observed in male compared to female. DFU observed equally and the most common causative organism for DFU was staphylococcus aureus followed by proteus species, klebsiella and pseudomonas aeruginosa and more cases of DFU were noticed in diabetic patients with duration of 6-10 years. As the main cause of DFU is infection the primary treatment is anti microbial therapy and the most prescribed class of antibiotics is cephalosporins followed by nitroimidazoles, penicillins, oxazolidinones, lincosamides etc. surgical procedures like debridement, amputation and sometimes both were done in 9,14,1 patients respectively. : Our study revealed the information regarding the prevalence of DFU among diabetic patients is due to lack of knowledge and uncontrolled diabetes may develop poor circulation which leads to wound that may heal slowly which leads to DFU.
Effect of mulmina mango as an adjunct to standard of care treatment on COVID-19 positive subjects undergoing treatment for COVID-19 in hospital quarantine (Dedicated Covid Health Centre)
Authors: Madhu M.S. , Ahmed S.M. , Raghavendra. K.V.  
Published: January 2022

There are no approved drugs to treat COVID-19, and the vaccine is likely to be ready by early 2021. Many clinical studies are ongoing around the globe to find a cure or prevention of the disease. The objective of the proposed study is to determine the efficacy and safety profile of Mulmina Mango as an adjunct to standard of care treatment on COVID-19 positive subjects undergoing treatment for COVID-19 in Hospital Quarantine. Settings and Design: The enrolled subjects were randomized into either of the two treatment arms in the ratio of 1:1. The freshly diagnosed (24-48 hrs.) COVID-19 positive Male or Female is aged 20 to 65 years (both inclusive) hospitalized patients were approached and checked for their eligibility. They were recruited after signing the written informed consent form. The number of patients included in the study is 48. In efficacy, both the treatment arms and the reduction in clinical symptom scale value and ordinal scale value are seen on day 7. On the ordinal scale, 41.7% of subjects in Treatment arm A showed a reduction of 2 points on the day, and 16.7% of subjects show 2 points reduction in Treatment arm B. In Safety results, there was no clinically significant finding in safety parameters in Treatment arm B. Mulmina Mango showed encouraging results concerning RTPCR, CRP, Dopamine, IgG, CD4, and CD8 parameters. The properties of Mulmina Mango are highlighted below, along with the parameters for each property. Mulmina Mango, COVID-19, Treatment Arm A, Treatment Arm B, MoHFW (Ministry of Health and Family Welfare)
DETERMINING THE NECESSITY OF COMPLEMENTARY AXILLARY DISSECTION IN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS WITH POSITIVE SENTINEL LYMPH NODE BY WAY OF ASSESSING NOMOGRAM METHODS
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Dursun Burak , BOZKURT Betül 
Published: January 2022

AIM: Our aim was to evaluate the efficacies of different nomogram approaches, including the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre (MSKCC), Stanford University, Tenon Hospital, Cambridge University and TR methods, in patients operated for breast cancer.
MATERIAL AND METHOD: The study included 60 breast cancer patients who were operated on for breast cancer at Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, A2 General Surgery Clinic, between 2007 and 2012. All patients were sentinel lymph node (SLN)-positive and had undergone axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). Five different scoring systems were applied retrospectively to these 60 patients. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were created for the nomograms and the area under the curve (AUC) sensitivity and specificity results were calculated.
RESULTS: Twenty-two patients (37%) had axillary non-SLN metastases. AUC values of MSKCC, Stanford, Cambridge, Tenon and TR nomogram were calculated as 0.646, 0.644, 0.62, 0.595, and 0.66, respectively. A significant difference was found between the groups with and without non-SLN metastasis in terms of SLN metastasis size (p = 0.013).
CONCLUSION: The MSKCC, Stanford, Cambridge, Tenon, and TR nomogram models were found to have insufficient power to discriminate between patients with and without non-SLN metastases in patients with SLN-positive breast cancer (AUC values
The stability of major and trace element concentrations from musts to Champagne during the production process
Authors: Cellier Robin , Berail Sylvain , Epova Ekaterina , Barre Julien , Claverie Fanny , Van Leeuwen Cornelis , Milcent Stanislas , Ors Patrick , F.X. Donard Olivier 
Published: January 2022

Thirty-nine Champagnes from six different brands originating from the AOC Champagne area were analyzed for major and trace element concentrations in the context of their production processes and in relation to their geographical origins. Inorganic analyses were performed on the must (i.e., grape juice) originating from different AOC areas and the final Champagne. The observed elemental concentrations displayed a very narrow range of variability. Typical concentrations observed in Champagne are expressed in mg/L for elements such as K, Ca, Mg, Na, B, Fe, A, and Mn. They are expressed in µg/L for trace elements such as Sr, Rb, Ba, Cu, Ni, Pb Cr and Li in decreasing order of concentrations. This overall homogeneity was observed for Sr and Rb in particular, which showed a very narrow range of concentrations (150 < Rb < 300 µg/L and 150 < Sr < 350 µg/L) in Champagne. The musts contained similar levels of concentration but showed slightly higher variability since they are directly influenced by the bedrock, which is quite homogenous in the AOC area being studied. Besides the homogeneity of the bedrock, the overall stability of the concentrations recorded in the samples can also be directly linked to the successive blending steps, both at the must level and prior to the final bottling. A detailed analysis of the main additives, sugar, yeast and bentonite, during the Champagne production process, did not show a major impact on the elemental signature of Champagne.
Evaluation of The Food Effect On a Drospirenone Only Contraceptive Containing 4 mg Administered With and Without High-Fat Breakfast
Authors: Regidor Pedro-Antonio , Richter W. H. , Koytchev R. , Kirkovd V. , Colli E. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background:The objective of the present trial was to assess the difference in pharmacokinetics of an oral test preparation containing 4 mg drospirenone. under fasting conditions compared to food intake after single dose administration.Methods:Open label, single centre, two-treatment, two-sequence, crossover study in 24 healthy female volunteers, with duration of 1 day per sequence and with a real wash-out period of 14 days to investigate the relative bioavailability of DRSP with both forms of administration. The 90% confidence intervals were calculated for the intra-individual ratio (test with food vs. without food) of the pharmacokinetic endpoints AUC(0-72h) and Cmax of drospirenone. Results:The 90% CI calculated by means of ANOVA-log for the endpoint, intra-individual ratio (Test ‘A’ = with food intake) vs. Test ‘B’ = without food intake) of AUC(0-72h) of drospirenone was between 104.72% and 111.36%. The 90% CI calculated by means of ANOVA- log for the endpoint intra-individual ratio (Test ‘A’ vs. Test ‘B’) of Cmax of drospirenone was between 118.58% and 141.10%.The mean relative bioavailability of the Test with food ‘A’ compared to the Test without food ‘B’ after single dose administration based on the endpoints AUC(0-72h) was 107.99%; for the endpoint Cmax it was 129.35%.Conclusions:The rate of absorption, based on the endpoint Cmax of drospirenone was increased by about 30% under fed conditions which differs to a COC containing 0,02 mg EE and 3 mg drospirenone in a 24/4 regimen where the rate of absorption was reduced by about 40% for both components. Implications: Our results suggest that the food intake has no impact on the absorption of 4 mg drospirenone in the management for contraception.This raises up the contraceptive efficacy as no interference with food is expected in real life use when consuming the oral formulation
Time-dependent Effect of Graphene on the Microbial Activity of the Soil Under Single and Repeated Exposures
Authors: liu wenjuan , guo yufeng , chai guoli , deng wenbo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Graphene (GR) has huge industrial and biomedical potential, and its adverse effect on soil microorganisms has been evaluated in ecotoxicological studies. These studies focus on a single exposure to GR, but repeated exposures are more likely to occur. In this study, we compared the impact of single and repeated exposures of GR on structure, abundance and function of soil bacterial community based on soil enzyme activity and high-throughput sequencing. The activities of urease and fluorescein diacetate esterase and alpha diversity demonstrate that repeated exposure to GR increase the diversity of soil bacteria. The PCoA and sample level clustering tree showed single exposure to GR after 4 days alter the soil bacterial community to some extent. During the entire incubation process, no matter what kind of exposure scenarios to GR, the majority of bacterial phylotypes remained unchanged except for Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria according to the relative abundance of phylotypes.
Drug Repurposing of Asparaginase and Vitamin C Targeting Glutamine Synthetase Improves Anticancer Effect in Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Li Zhoulei , Shen Wanqing , Chen Zhifeng , Yuan Gang , He Peng , Long Yali , Wang Yue , Yue Dianchao , Zhang Bing , Zhang Xiangsong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Although in North America or Europe early dignosis of prostate cancer could sucessfully improves the therapeutic outcome. However, about 70-80% of patients still suffer from metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), because of the disproportionate medical care in China. Lutetium-177 (Lu-177) or Radium-223 (Ra-223) has been suggested as the most effective therapy for mCRPC. Unfortunately, they are either not been approved in a few countries or too expensive for patients with the financial issue. Drug repurposing has been recognized as a cost-effective and relatively low-risk alternative, gains a lot interesting recently. In this study, we explored the combined treatment with asparaginase (ASNase) and/or vitamin Cas an alternative therapeutic option for mCRPC management.Methods: Prostate cancer cell lines PC3 and DU145 were used to observe the therapeutic effect of ASNase and/or vitamin C on mCRPC in vitro and in vivo. Change of cell proliferation, cell death as well as expression of glutamine synthetase eunder different treatment conditions were detected to analyzed anticancer effect of combined therapy with ASNase and vitamin C on mCRPC. Intracellular oxidation was also observed with NADPH and NADP+ assay. Male BALB/c nude mice bearing prostate carcinoma xenografts (PC3 or DU145) were used to assess treatment response to vitamin C with or without ASNase through tumor growth, small animal PET/CT scans as well as Immunohistochemistry in vivo.Results: Our in vitro studies demonstrate that ASNase synergizes with vitamin C targeting expression of glutamine synthetase enhances redox imbalance and induces anticancer effect in mCRPC cells through regulation the glutamine synthetase (GS) expression. In vivo, combination of ASnase and vitamin C could provide a significant better therapeutic outcome in comparison with controls or single treated mice. 18F-FDG PET imaging illustrated that the treatment with combined therapy could significantly reduce the 18F-FDG uptake in tumor.Conclusions: In this current study, we suggest that ASNase combined with vitamin C could be as a cost-effective strategy to manage mCRPC.18F-FDG PET/CT imaging could indicate the therapeutic response of treatment for mCRPC.
Left Ventricular Morphology in Patients with Aortic Coarctation and Bicuspid Aortic Valve: Novel Insights from a Statistical Shape Modelling Framework
Authors: Sophocleous Froso , Standen Lucy , Doolub Gemina , Laymouna Reem , Bucciarelli-Ducci Chiara , Caputo Massimo , Manghat Nathan , Hamilton Mark , Curtis Stephanie , Biglino Giovanni 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background

The functional implications of left ventricular (LV) morphological characterization in congenital heart disease (CHD) are not widely explored. This study qualitatively and quantitatively assessed LV shape associations with a) LV function and b) thoracic aortic morphology in patients with aortic coarctation (CoA) with/without bicuspid aortic valve (BAV).
Methods

A statistical shape modelling (SSM) framework was employed to analyse three-dimensional (3D) LV shapes from cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) data in isolated CoA (n=25), CoA+BAV (n=30), isolated BAV (n=30), and age-matched healthy controls (n=25). Average 3D templates and deformations were computed. Correlations between shape data and CMR-derived morphometric parameters (i.e. sphericity, conicity) or global and apical strain values were assessed to elucidate possible functional implications. The relationship between LV shape features and arch architecture was also explored.
Results

The LV template was shorter and more spherical in CoA patient and LV sphericity was associated (p≤0.04) with lower global longitudinal, radial and circumferential strain, irrespective of the presence of aortic stenosis and/or regurgitation. Conversely, LV strain was not associated with arch architecture.
Conclusions

Differences in LV morphology were observed between CoA and BAV patients. Increasing LV sphericity was associated with reduced strain, independent of aortic arch architecture and functional aortic valve disease.
FTO Regulates Microglia-Induced Inflammation by Stabilizing ADAM17 Expression After Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Chen Xiangrong , Yao Jieran , Chen Yue , Lv Wenqi , Lin Yuanxiang , Fang Wenhua , Chen Jinhui , Kang Dezhi , Ding Chenyu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
The neuroinflammatory response mediated by microglial polarization plays an important role in the secondary nerve injury of traumatic brain injury (TBI). The post-transcriptional modification of n6-methyladenosine (m6A) is ubiquitous in the immune response of the central nervous system. The fat mass and obesity (FTO)-related protein can regulate the splicing process of pre-mRNA. However, after experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI), the role of FTO in microglial polarization and the subsequent neuroinflammatory response is still unclear.
Methods
TBI mice model was established by the Feeney weight-drop method. Neurological severity score, brain water content measurement and Nissl staining were used to detect the role of FTO in microglial polarization and the molecular mechanism of targeted RNA epigenetic modification. In vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to evaluate microglial polarization and the neuroinflammatory response by down-regulation of FTO expression. The level of m6A modification in M1 activated microglia was detected by qRT-PCR, m6A-MeRIP and m6A high-throughput sequencing. Fluorescent in situ hybridization combined with immunofluorescence imaging were used to detect the epigenetic regulation of ADAM17 mediated by an FTO-m6A-dependent mechanism.
Results
The expression of FTO was significantly down-regulated in BV2 cells treated with lipopolysaccharide and mice with TBI. Down-regulation of FTO expression increased the level of m6A in M1 microglia at the level of the entire transcriptome. Meanwhile, after FTO interference, M1/M0 phenotype detection experiments revealed the BV2 cells shifted from an M0 to M1 phenotype as the population rate of CD11b+/CD86+ increased and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines was enhanced. Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation assay showed that the m6A peaks located in the ADAM17 and TNF-α genes increased. Taken together, the results indicated that FTO can affect the transcription modification of ADAM17 and the expression of the downstream TNF-α/NF-kB pathway. In turn, ADAM17 can block the M1-phenotypic transition of microglia driven by FTO-m6A modification.
Conclusions
The down-regulation of FTO expression leads to the abnormally high expression of ADAM17 in microglia. The activation of microglia and neuroinflammatory response regulated by FTO-related m6A modification play an important role in the early pro-inflammatory process of TBI secondary injury.