bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intensivbeatmung – neue Norm legt einheitliche Nomenklatur für Beatmungsmodi fest
Authors: Kremeier Peter , Böhm Stephan H. , Woll Christian , Reuter Daniel A. , Pulletz Sven 
Published: January 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die derzeitige Benennung der Beatmungsmodi in Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin ist geprägt von herstellerspezifischen, uneinheitlichen Akronymen. Dies ist für Anwender verwirrend und für Patienten potenziell lebensgefährlich. Mit der im August 2021 in ihrer deutschen Fassung als DIN EN ISO 19223:2021 veröffentlichten Norm soll eine einheitliche Klassifizierung mit entsprechender Nomenklatur eingeführt werden.

Ziel der Arbeit
Darstellung der neuen Norm und ihrer Konsequenzen für den Anwender.

Material und Methode
Review und Zusammenfassung der DIN EN ISO 19223:2021 mit kritischer Würdigung ihrer Stärken und Schwächen.

Ergebnisse
Ein vereinfachtes Schema zeigt die gruppenweise Klassifikation von Beatmungsmodi auf der Grundlage ähnlicher Merkmale. Diese werden durch zusätzliche Variablen weiter spezifiziert. Eine Referenztabelle stellt die neue Nomenklatur der Beatmungsmodi den aktuell gängigen gegenüber. Demnach erscheinen das neue Klassifizierungsschema uneinheitlich und die Variablen schwer zu unterscheiden.

Schlussfolgerungen
Eine genormte Terminologie und Semantik in der Beatmungsmedizin ist zur Fehlerreduzierung notwendig und erstrebenswert. Die jüngst vorgestellte Norm erfüllt diese Erwartungen jedoch nur im Ansatz und wird in ihrer jetzigen Form wahrscheinlich zu weiteren Unklarheiten und Problemen in der klinischen Routine führen. Entsprechend sollte diese erste Version der DIN EN ISO 19223:2021 zwingend als Startpunkt einer inhaltlichen Diskussion auch außerhalb der Normungsgremien verstanden werden, damit deren offensichtliche Schwächen ausgemerzt und die Nomenklatur alltagstauglich werden.
Ungewöhnliche Präsentation einer Psoriasis vulgaris bei einem 11-jährigen Patienten
Authors: Gruber Viktoria , Weger Wolfgang , Cerroni Lorenzo , Binder Barbara 
Published: January 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Psoriasis vulgaris tritt mit einer Prävalenz von bis zu 2 % im Kindes- und Jugendalter auf. Größtenteils wird die Diagnose klinisch gestellt. Wir berichten über einen pädiatrischen Patienten, welcher uns aufgrund der für eine Psoriasis vulgaris eher untypischen Lokalisation vor eine diagnostische Herausforderung stellte. Diskutiert werden die wichtigsten Differenzialdiagnosen der verschiedenen Psoriasisformen sowie die aktuellen Therapieempfehlungen im Kindes- und Jugendalter.
Production of a newly discovered PHA family member with an isobutyrate-fed enrichment culture
Authors: Vermeer Chris M. , Bons Larissa J. , Kleerebezem Robbert 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Using microbial enrichment cultures for the production of waste-derived polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) is a promising technology to recover secondary resources. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) form the preferred substrate for PHA production. Isobutyrate is a VFA appearing in multiple waste valorization routes, such as anaerobic fermentation, chain elongation, and microbial electrosynthesis, but has never been assessed individually on its PHA production potential. This research investigates isobutyrate as sole carbon source for a microbial enrichment culture in comparison to its structural isomer butyrate. The results reveal that the enrichment of isobutyrate has a very distinct character regarding microbial community development, PHA productivity, and even PHA composition. Although butyrate is a superior substrate in almost every aspect, this research shows that isobutyrate-rich waste streams have a noteworthy PHA-producing potential. The main finding is that the dominant microorganism, a Comamonas sp., is linked to the production of a unique PHA family member, poly(3-hydroxyisobutyrate) (PHiB), up to 37% of the cell dry weight. This is the first scientific report identifying microbial PHiB production, demonstrating that mixed microbial communities can be a powerful tool for discovery of new metabolic pathways and new types of polymers.

Key points
• PHiB production is a successful storage strategy in an isobutyrate-fed SBR
• Isomers isobutyrate and butyrate reveal a very distinct PHA production behavior
• Enrichments can be a tool for discovery of new metabolic pathways and polymers

Graphical abstract
A phase I dose-escalation, safety/tolerability, and preliminary efficacy study of the intratumoral administration of GEN0101 in patients with advanced melanoma
Authors: Kiyohara Eiji , Tanemura Atsushi , Sakura Kazuma , Nakajima Toshihiro , Myoui Akira , Yamazaki Naoya , Kiyohara Yoshio , Katayama Ichiro , Fujimoto Manabu , Kaneda Yasufumi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDespite recent advance in immunotherapy agents, safe new therapies that enhance the effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors are still required to develop. We previously demonstrated that hemagglutinating virus of Japan-envelope (HVJ-E) induced not only direct tumor cell death but also antitumor immunity through the activation of T and natural killer (NK) cells, thereafter, developed a manufacturing process of HVJ-E (GEN0101) for clinical use. We here performed a phase Ia clinical trial of intratumoral GEN0101 administration in six patients with stage IIIC or IV malignant melanoma. The primary aim was to evaluate the safety and tolerability of GEN0101, and the secondary aim was to examine the objective tumor response. Patients were separated into two groups (n = 3 each) and received a low dose of 30,000 and high dose of 60,000 mNAU of GEN0101. All patients completed a two-week follow-up evaluation without severe adverse events. The overall response rate was 33% (2 of 6), with 2 partial responses in the high-dose group and 2 with stable disease, and 2 with progressive disease in the low-dose group. Local complete or partial responses were observed in 11 of 18 (61%) target lesions. One patient demonstrated shrinkage of lung metastases after the treatment. The activity of NK cells and interferon-γ levels were increased in the circulation, indicating augmentation of antitumor immunity by GEN0101. This trial showed not only the safety and tolerability but also the significant antitumor effect of GEN0101, suggesting that GEN0101 might be a promising new drug for patients with advanced melanoma.
Quality of life in head and neck cancer patients at 5 years after free flap reconstruction: a significant decline during the follow-up
Authors: Lahtinen Sanna , Molnár Krisztina , Hietanen Siiri , Koivunen Petri , Ohtonen Pasi , Alakärppä Antti , Liisanantti Janne 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Free flap reconstructions following head and neck tumor resection are known to involve more than 50% rate of complications and other adverse events and up to 50% mortality during a 5-year follow-up.
We aimed to examine the difference in the long-term quality of life (QoL) between the 2-year and 5-year assessments after free flap surgery for cancer of the head and neck.

Methods
A total of 28 of the 39 eligible patients responded to the survey. QoL was assessed at 5 years after operation and compared with the assessment performed at 2 years after the operation using RAND-36, EORTC-C30 and H&N-35, and SWAL-QOL tools.

Results
The criteria for poor QoL using RAND-36 tool was met in 11 (39.3%) patients in contrast to 4 (14.3%, P = 0.003) patients in the 2-year assessment. EORTC-C30 global score was decreased from 83.9 (SD16.4) to 64.6 (SD 24.0, P < 0.001) during the follow-up. In both RAND-36 and EORTC-C30 surveys, decline was found in physical and role functioning together with energy and emotional well-being domains. SWAL-QOL showed poor swallowing-related QoL in both assessments.

Conclusion
We found a significant decline in QoL during a 5-year follow-up after free flap surgery for cancer of the head and neck.
Lactate-induced effects on bovine granulosa cells are mediated via PKA signaling
Authors: Baufeld Anja , Vanselow Jens 
Published: January 2022

Abstractl-lactate acts as a signaling molecule in bovine granulosa cells (GCs). The initiated alterations depend on the transport of l-lactate into the cells via monocarboxylate transporters. In the present study, we further elucidated the intracellular actions of l-lactate and tested whether the PKA signaling pathway is involved. Therefore, we treated cultured bovine GCs with l-lactate and PKA inhibitors H-89 and KT5720, and with an activator of PKA, 6-Bnz-cAMP. l-lactate treatment resulted in decreased estradiol production and downregulation of CYP19A1, FSHR, and LHCGR as well as in the upregulation of the markers of early luteinization PTX3, RGS2, and VNN2. These specific l-lactate effects were almost completely abolished by pre-treatment of the GCs with both inhibitors of PKA signaling. In addition, also the l-lactate-induced upregulation of LDHA and of the monocarboxylate transporters SLC16A1 and SLC16A7 was abolished after PKA inhibition. An activation of the PKA with 6-Bnz-cAMP revealed similar effects on the gene expression like l-lactate alone. In summary, the presented data demonstrate that l-lactate-induced effects on GCs are mediated via PKA signaling thus supporting the role of l-lactate as signaling molecule during the folliculo-luteal transition.
Production and application of mouse monoclonal antibodies targeting linear epitopes in pB602L of African swine fever virus
Authors: Wang Pengfei , Liu Chunguo , Wang Shida , Wen Lili , Shi Zhibin , Chi Yue , Wang Ming , Liu Zaisi , Sun Zhenzhao , Wei Lili , Yang Decheng , He Xijun , Wang Jingfei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAfrican swine fever (ASF) is an acute hemorrhagic disease of domestic pigs. The causative agent of ASF, ASF virus (ASFV), is a double-stranded DNA virus, the sole member in the family Asfarviridae. The non-structural protein pB602L of ASFV is a molecular chaperone of the major capsid protein p72 and plays a key role in icosahedral capsid assembly. This protein is antigenic and is a target for developing diagnostic tools for ASF. To generate monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against pB602L, a prokaryotically expressed recombinant pB602L protein was produced, purified, and used as an antigen to immunize mice. A total of eight mouse mAbs were obtained, and their binding epitopes were screened by Western blot using an overlapping set of polypeptides from pB602L. Three linear epitopes were identified and designated epitope 1 (366ANRERYNY373), epitope 2 (415GPDAPGLSI423), and epitope 3 (498EMLNVPDD505). Based on the epitope recognized, the eight mAbs were placed into three groups: group 1 (B2A1, B2F1, and B2D10), group 2 (B2H10, B2B2, B2D8, and B2A3), and group 3 (B2E12). The mAbs B2A1, B2H10, and B2E12, each representing one of the groups, were used to detect pB602L in ASFV-infected porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) and pig tissues, using an indirect fluorescence assay (IFA) and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. The results showed that pB602L was detectable with all three mAbs in immunohistochemical staining, but only B2H10 was suitable for detecting the proteins in ASFV-infected PAMs by IFA. In summary, we developed eight anti-pB602L mouse mAbs recognizing three linear epitopes in the protein, which can be used as reagents for basic and applied research on ASFV.
Detecting economic insecurity in Italy: a latent transition modelling approach
Authors: Giambona Francesca , Grassini Laura , Vignoli Daniele 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEconomic insecurity has increased in importance in the understanding of economic and socio-demographic household behaviour. The present paper aims to analyse patterns of household economic insecurity over the years 2004–2015 by using the longitudinal section of the Italian SILC (Statistics on Income and Living Conditions) survey. In the identification of economic insecurity statuses, we used indicators of economic hardship in a latent transition approach in order to: (i) classify Italian households into homogenous classes characterised by different levels of economic insecurity, (ii) assess whether changes in latent class membership occurred in the selected time span, and (iii) evaluate the effect of employment status and characteristics of individuals on latent status membership. Empirical findings uncovered five latent statuses of economic insecurity from the best situation to the worst. The levels of economic insecurity remained quite stable over the period considered, but a non-negligible worsening can be detected for the unemployed and individuals with part-time jobs.
Old growth forests and large old trees as critical organisms connecting ecosystems and human health. A review
Authors: Gilhen-Baker Melinda , Roviello Valentina , Beresford-Kroeger Diana , Roviello Giovanni N. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOld forests containing ancient trees are essential ecosystems for life on earth. Mechanisms that happen both deep in the root systems and in the highest canopies ensure the viability of our planet. Old forests fix large quantities of atmospheric CO2, produce oxygen, create micro-climates and irreplaceable habitats, in sharp contrast to young forests and monoculture forests. The current intense logging activities induce rapid, adverse effects on our ecosystems and climate. Here we review large old trees with a focus on ecosystem preservation, climate issues, and therapeutic potential. We found that old forests continue to sequester carbon and fix nitrogen. Old trees control below-ground conditions that are essential for tree regeneration. Old forests create micro-climates that slow global warming and are irreplaceable habitats for many endangered species. Old trees produce phytochemicals with many biomedical properties. Old trees also host particular fungi with untapped medicinal potential, including the Agarikon,Fomitopsis officinalis, which is currently being tested against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Large old trees are an important part of our combined cultural heritage, providing people with aesthetic, symbolic, religious, and historical cues. Bringing their numerous environmental, oceanic, ecological, therapeutic, and socio-cultural benefits to the fore, and learning to appreciate old trees in a holistic manner could contribute to halting the worldwide decline of old-growth forests.
The European Turtle Dove in the ecotone between woodland and farmland: multi-scale habitat associations and implications for the design of management interventions
Authors: Carboneras Carles , Moreno-Zarate Lara , Arroyo Beatriz 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe European Turtle Dove (turtle dove) is globally threatened after undergoing a sustained and generalised decline across its breeding range, with habitat loss suggested as the main driver. Here, we reviewed the scientific literature on habitat associations across its European breeding range, in relation to distribution, breeding numbers, nesting substrates, food and foraging habitats, to identify optimal habitat management measures. Large-scale distribution seemed related to the availability, but not dominance, of woodland landscapes; abundance was generally higher in woodland than on farmland. However, abundance in woodland increased with additional structural diversity and proximity to farmland, and abundance on farmland increased with greater availability of non-farmland features. Nesting occurred most frequently on trees (secondarily on bushes) but we found geographical differences in the type of nesting substrate, with thorny bushes being used more frequently in the north, and open canopy trees in the south. Turtle doves fed on a wide spectrum of seeds with a predominance of wild, particularly early-flowering, plants; but we could not identify a single plant species whose abundance determined turtle dove numbers. Across the distribution range, a shift from wild to cultivated seeds occurred as the season progressed. However, interventions should favour the availability and access to wild seeds. Efficient management interventions depend on the dominant habitat; overall, interventions should seek to augment landscape heterogeneity by increasing the mixing of farmland and woodland. Combined forestry and agricultural policies must provide the right conditions for ecotone species like the Turtle dove.
The nationwide Finnish anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation (FinACAF): study rationale, design, and patient characteristics
Authors: Lehto Mika , Halminen Olli , Mustonen Pirjo , Putaala Jukka , Linna Miika , Kinnunen Janne , Kouki Elis , Niiranen Jussi , Hartikainen Juha , Haukka Jari , Airaksinen Kari Eino Juhani 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAtrial fibrillation (AF) is a major cause of ischemic stroke and the number of AF patients is increasing. Thus, up-to-date multifaceted data about the characteristics of AF patients, their treatments, and outcomes are urgently needed. The Finnish anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation (FinACAF) study has collected comprehensive data on all Finnish AF patients from 1st January 2004 to 31st December 2018. The aim of this paper is to describe the study rationale, the process of integrating data from the applied resources and to define the study cohort. Using national unique personal identification number, individual patient data is linked from nationwide health care registries (primary, secondary, and tertiary care), drug purchases, education, and socio-economic status as well as places of domicile, incomes, and taxes. Six regional laboratory databases (~ 282,000, 77% of the patients) are also included. The study cohort comprises of a total of 411,000 patients. Since the introduction of the national primary care register in 2012, 9% of all AF patients were identified outside hospital care registers. The prevalence of AF in Finland—4.1% of whole population—is for the first time now established. The FinACAF study allows a unique possibility to investigate the epidemiology and socio-medico-economic impact of AF as well as the cost effectiveness of different AF management strategies in a completely unselected, nationwide population. This article provides the rationale and design of the study together with a summary of the characteristics of the cohort.
Trends in intelligent manufacturing research: a keyword co-occurrence network based review
Authors: Yuan Chenxi , Li Guoyan , Kamarthi Sagar , Jin Xiaoning , Moghaddam Mohsen 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn recent years, driven by Industry 4.0 wave, academic research has focused on the science, engineering, and enabling technologies for intelligent and cyber manufacturing. Using a network science and data mining-based Keyword Co-occurrence Network (KCN) methodology, this work analyzes the trends in data science topics in the manufacturing literature over the past two decades to inform the researchers, educators, industry leaders of knowledge trends in intelligent manufacturing. It studies the evolution of research topics and methods in data science, Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing, and cyber manufacturing. The KCN methodology is applied to systematically analyze the keywords collected from 84,041 papers published in top-tier manufacturing journals between 2000 and 2020. It is not practically feasible to review this large body of literature through tradition manual approaches like systematic review and scoping review to discover insights. The results of network modeling and data analysis reveal important knowledge components and structure of the intelligent and cyber manufacturing literature, implicit the research interests switch and provide the insights for industry development. This paper maps the high frequency keywords in the recent literature to nine pillars of Industry 4.0 to help manufacturing community identify research and education directions for emerging technologies in intelligent manufacturing.
Survival of Plants During Short-Term BOA-OH Exposure: ROS Related Gene Expression and Detoxification Reactions Are Accompanied With Fast Membrane Lipid Repair in Root Tips
Authors: Laschke Laura , Schütz Vadim , Schackow Oliver , Sicker Dieter , Hennig Lothar , Hofmann Diana , Dörmann Peter , Schulz Margot 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFor the characterization of BOA-OH insensitive plants, we studied the time-dependent effects of the benzoxazolinone-4/5/6/7-OH isomers on maize roots. Exposure of Zea mays seedlings to 0.5 mM BOA-OH elicits root zone-specific reactions by the formation of dark rings and spots in the zone of lateral roots, high catalase activity on root hairs, and no visible defense reaction at the root tip. We studied BOA-6-OH- short-term effects on membrane lipids and fatty acids in maize root tips in comparison to the benzoxazinone-free species Abutilon theophrasti Medik. Decreased contents of phosphatidylinositol in A. theophrasti and phosphatidylcholine in maize were found after 10–30 min. In the youngest tissue, α-linoleic acid (18:2), decreased considerably in both species and recovered within one hr. Disturbances in membrane phospholipid contents were balanced in both species within 30–60 min. Triacylglycerols (TAGs) were also affected, but levels of maize diacylglycerols (DAGs) were almost unchanged, suggesting a release of fatty acids for membrane lipid regeneration from TAGs while resulting DAGs are buildings blocks for phospholipid reconstitution, concomitant with BOA-6-OH glucosylation. Expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD2) and of ER-bound oleoyl desaturase (FAD2-2) genes were contemporaneously up regulated in contrast to the catalase CAT1, while CAT3 was arguably involved at a later stage of the detoxification process. Immuno-responses were not elicited in short-terms, since the expression of NPR1, POX12 were barely affected, PR4 after 6 h with BOA-4/7-OH and PR1 after 24 h with BOA-5/6-OH. The rapid membrane recovery, reactive oxygen species, and allelochemical detoxification may be characteristic for BOA-OH insensitive plants.
Development of a Once-Daily Modified-Release Formulation for the Short Half-Life RIPK1 Inhibitor GSK2982772 using DiffCORE Technology
Authors: Tompson Debra , Whitaker Mark , Pan Rennan , Johnson Geoffrey , Fuller Teresa , Zann Vanessa , McKenzie Litza , Abbott-Banner Kathy , Hawkins Simon , Powell Marcy 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
GSK2982772 is a selective inhibitor of receptor-interacting protein kinase-1 (RIPK1) with a short 2- to 3-h half-life. In a previous modified-release (MR) study, a matrix monolithic formulation (80% GSK2982772 released over 12 h) provided a once-daily (QD) pharmacokinetic (PK) profile in the fasted state; however, it was susceptible to food effects. The current study evaluated the safety and PK of MR formulations using GSK proprietary DiffCORE™ technology.

Methods
Part A evaluated PK following single-dose (240 mg) fasted and fed (high-fat meal) administration of three DiffCORE MR formulations within pre-defined in vitro extremes of 80% GSK2982772 released over 12 h (MR-12 h) to 80% GSK2982772 released over 18 h (MR-18 h) versus an immediate-release formulation. Part B evaluated MR-16 h (120–960 mg) in different prandial states.

Results
Pharmacokinetic profiles for all MR formulations and doses tested in the fasted and fed states were consistent with QD dosing.

Conclusions
The DiffCORE technology overcame the food effect vulnerability observed with the matrix monolithic formulation. The MR-16 h formulation was selected for further clinical development as a QD dosing regimen (NCT03649412 September 26, 2018).