bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphology and Genetics of Fleshy Calyx and Their Relation to Crack Resistance in Tomatoes1
Authors: Chu Mel Chih-Yu , Thompson A. E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A crack resistant tomato strain,‘Oregon State University 251’ (OSU 251) with fleshy calyx, was crossed with non-fleshy calyx lines to produce F2 segregations of 1 fleshy : 2 intermediate : 1 non-fleshy and backcross ratios of 1 : 1. Short sepal length, wide lobe width, and thick calyx are pleiotropic effects of the fleshy calyx gene, fl. Comparative anatomy of calyx and pedicel is described. The fleshy pedicel of ‘OSU 251’ had the widest cortex, vascular bundle and pith areas, but the areas occupied by the vascular bundle and pith when expressed on a percentage basis were smaller than those of the other parental lines and F1’s. Fruits of segregates with fleshy calyx were significantly more crack resistant than those with non-fleshy calyx. Crack resistance in ‘OSU 251’ is thought not to be a pleiotropic effect of fl, but the fleshy calyx morphology is considered to be of value in selection of plants resistant to fruit cracking.
Copper Toxicity in Phaseolus vulgaris L. as Influenced by Iron Nutrition. I. An Anatomical Study1
Authors: Daniels Roland R. , Struckmeyer B. Esther , Peterson L. A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The anatomy of the leaf of Phaseolus vulgaris L. was similar when grown at 0.04 and 0.50 ppm Cu without Fe and with 0.50 ppm Cu-Fe tartrate; necrosis was most severe in the latter. Stems showed no cellular abnormalities. Compared to the controls and other treatments, however, the number of xylem and tracheary elements was less in plants grown at both levels of Cu without Fe and with 0.50 ppm Cu-Fe tartrate. Stunting of roots and shoots occurred when plants were grown with high levels of Cu or without Fe. With high Cu, blunt enlarged root tips resulted from severe hypertrophy and hyperplasia. Lateral roots were initiated within 0.4 mm from the promeristem and fewer meristematic cells were present. Anatomical symptoms characteristic of high Cu were absent when FeEDTA was used as the source of Fe.
Essentiality of Ammonium for Cranberry Nutrition1
Authors: Greidanus Ted , Peterson L. A. , Schrader L. E. , Dana M. N. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Cranberry plants, Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait. ‘Stevens’ were grown in nutrient solutions with several levels of NH4-N and NO3-N alone and in combination. The nutrient solutions were sampled weekly and analyzed for concn of NO3-N and NH4-N. It was found that the plants absorbed NH4-N preferentially to NO3-N. Dry wt and number of new shoots produced were strongly favored by the NH4 form of N. Tissue N concn was low and the plants were N-deficient when the NH4-N was depleted from the nutrient solutions before termination of the experiment, and concn was high with a sustained NH4-N supply. Plants grown in NO3-N solutions were N-deficient and had tissue N concn interm ediate to those for the extreme levels of NH4-N. No NO3-N was detected in the plant tissues. Nitrate reductase activity was absent from the aboveground portions of the plants when the possible effect of microorganisms were removed. It is concluded that NH4-N is essential for cranberry growth.
Swelling of Mitochondria Isolated from Irradiated Tomato Fruits1
Authors: Ahmed E. M. , Dennison R. A. , Padwal-Desai S. R. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Mitochondrial suspensions isolated from ‘Homestead’ tomatoes swelled on exposure to CCl4 or C2H4 and contracted upon the addition of ATP, Mg++, and BSA. The responses to C2H4 treatment were less evident than for the CCl4 treatment. Rates of swelling and contraction were more pronounced when the fruits were irradiated at the mature green or the 2-day breaker stages of maturity and during subsequent storage of these fruits.
Mimosa Epicotyl and Hypocotyl Total Protein, Total Nucleic Acid, and Nucleic Acid Fractionation During Induction of Cold Hardiness1,2,3
Authors: Brown Gregory N. , Satohiko Sasaki 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Total protein increases were observed in both Albizzia julibrissin epicotyl and hypocotyl tissues with advancing stage of cold hardiness, while no changes were detected in total nucleic acid quantities. Heavy ribosomal RNA decreased and soluble RNA increased, as percentages of total nucleic acid, during induction of cold hardiness in epicotyl tissues, but they remained unchanged in hypocotyl tissues. The data suggest either different mechanisms of control during induction of cold hardiness between epicotyl and hypocotyl tissues or a lack of relationship quantitatively between nucleic acid fractions and total protein concn or induction of cold hardiness in Albizzia julibrissin tissues.
Fine Structure of the Fruit Surface of Three Apple Cultivars1
Authors: Faust Miklos , Shear Cornelius B. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Examination of the fruit surface of the cvs. Golden Delicious, Delicious, and York Imperial, revealed considerable differences in the appearance of their wax structure. Waxes of ‘Delicious’ and ‘York Imperial’ were arranged in upright platelets early in the season and the platelets were somewhat smoothed by harvest. Wax of ‘Golden Delicious’ grown in a humid climate had surface cracks early in the season and the severity of the cracks had increased by harvest. The same cultivar grown in an arid climate was free of cracks. Waxes of this cultivar from both locations had amorphous wax with only occasional platelets.
Effect of Surfactant on Ion Penetration Through Leaf Wax and a Wax Model1
Authors: Cantliffe Daniel J. , Wilcox Gerald E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Leaves of nonglaucous cotton and tomato absorbed Mn whether or not a surfactant was added to a MnSO4 spray solution, whereas the leaves of glaucous cabbage and onion absorbed Mn only when a surfactant was added. Manganese was absorbed by cabbage leaves only when a surfactant was added or when leaf surface wax formation was inhibited by ethyl N,N-dipropylthiolcarbamate (EPTC). Non-glaucous and glaucous pea mutants did not significantly absorb Mn unless surfactant was added to a MnSO4 spray, after which both mutants equally absorbed Mn.
Surfactants increased the concn of 59fe penetrating into a wax paraffin model to a 0.5 mm depth by 8- to 30-fold over a no-surfactant treatment. Both the rate and depth of penetration were increased by surfactant. No Fe was absorbed by cabbage leaves unless surfactant was present in the spray solution or the leaf wax was disturbed by brushing.
Thus, surfactant efficiently overcame an external leaf wax layer as a barrier to the absorption of foliar applied ions and thereby increased ion movement into the leaf.
Endogenous Growth Regulators in Dwarf and Tall Cucumber1
Authors: Sandhu M. S. , Lockard R. G. , Grunwald C. , Stoltz L. P. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A higher level of auxin-like growth promoter was found in seedlings of the tall cucumber cultivar than in those of the dwarf. However, the highest level of GA-like growth promoter was found in the shoot tips of the dwarf cultivar, both in seedlings and mature plants; and this fraction was chromatographically similar to authentic GA3. The difference in GA-like activity between dwarf and tall was greater in the shoot tips of seedlings than in those of mature plants. Furthermore, the content of GA-like material was similar in dark grown tall and dwarf cucumber, but in light grown seedlings the activity was nearly twice as high in the dwarf as in the tall. These data are supported by mevalonate-2-14c feeding experiments.
Relationship of Electrolytic Conductance to Cold Injury and Acclimation in Fruit Trees1,2
Authors: Ketchie D. O. , Beeman C. H. , Ballard A. L. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Electrolytic conductance was measured from acclimated and nonacclimated seedlings of apple, pear and citrus which were frozen and unfrozen. A close correlation between electrolytic conductance and survival was shown. A comparison was made between conductance and injury of apple and pear trees in the natural freeze of 1968-69 in Washington. Procedures are outlined for using conductance as a measure of cold tolerance among cultivars or treatments within the same cultivar. The use of T10 and T90, which describes the transition range of injury, is outlined and described. Procedures are also outlined for following acclimation or deacclimation through the year and for determining freeze-injury from natural freezes.
Willingness to Communicate: The Predictive Roles of the L2 Motivational Self-System and Self-Efficacy
Authors: Youvalari Farnaz Esmkhani 
Published: August 2022

<em>Research on communication emphasizes the psychological variables that play a great role in predicting a predisposition for engaging or avoiding communicative behavior. As a quantitative correlational study, this research was conducted with a convenient sample of 94 Iranian EFL learners to investigate to what degree the L2 motivational self-system and self-efficacy beliefs of language learners could predict second language willingness to communicate (WTC). A Likert scale highly reliable questionnaire containing 35 items was put to use to collect data on dimensions of the L2 motivational self-system, self-efficacy beliefs and L2 WTC. After the combined predictive ability of these variables, as a model, on WTC was measured, the study aimed at finding the unique contribution of each variable on WTC. Also, the researcher aimed at investigating whether gender would moderate each of the relationships between the explanatory variables and WTC. A set of multiple regression analyses indicated that the ideal L2 self, the ought-to L2 self, the L2 learning experience, and self-efficacy, as a whole model, was able to predict 41.6% of the variation in WTC. It was found that the ideal L2 self was the strongest predictor of WTC, followed by self-efficacy beliefs, which uniquely explained 38.7% and 16.8% of the variation in WTC scores, respectively. Additionally, it was observed that gender did not have the ability to statistically moderate any of the aforementioned relationships. The findings of this academic endeavor are discussed in relation to the potential theoretical and practical implications it has for the field of English language teaching.</em>
Pain Allaying Epalrestat-Loaded Lipid Nanoformulation for the Diabetic Neuropathic
Pain Interventions: Design, Development, and Animal Study
Authors: Vishwakarma Vishal Kumar , Paswan Shravan Kumar , Arora Taruna , Verma Rahul Kumar , Yadav Harlokesh Narayan 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is the most common complication of diabetes mellitus.
Epalrestat, an aldose reductase inhibitor, has been approved for clinical therapy for diabetic peripheral neuropathic
pain. In the present study, solid lipid-based nanoparticles are used for oral administration of epalrestat (E-SLN) and
evaluated against diabetic neuropathic pain in a rat model.

Method:
Experimental diabetes in rats was induced by a single dose of streptozotocin (STZ) administration. The therapeutic efficiency of Epalrestat nanoparticles (0.25, 0.50, 1, and 5 mg/kg) in diabetic rats was studied. STZ induced diabetic rats were treated with different doses of E-SLN for 8 weeks. The nanoparticles were orally administered at a single dose in rats, and the various parameters related to peripheral neuropathy were evaluated and compared with the bare drug. The blood glucose level was estimated by standard glucometer, HbA1c, triglycerides, total cholesterol and liver function test (ALT and AST) were analysed by blood samples collected from retro-orbital plexus. Oxidative stress markers and Na+K+ATPase, TNF-&@945; and IL-1β levels were measured in the homogenate of sciatic nerves. Behavioural tests were also performed by the hot plate method and tail-flick method.

Result:
E-SLN synthesized by the micro-emulsification method was 281 ± 60 nm in size, and encapsulation efficacy
was found to be 88 ± 2%. Optimized E-SLN were characterized and found to be optimum in size, spherical shape,
decent encapsulation efficiency, stable at acidic gastric pH, and suitable for oral delivery. E-SLNs did not significantly
reverse the STZ-induced elevated blood glucose level (FBS and PPBS), HbA1c, triglycerides, and total cholesterol
but significantly improved TNF-α, IL-1β, and increased Na+K+ATPase levels, oxidative stress marker and ALT, AST
in the treated rat group as compared with the diabetic group. Doses of E-SLN, i.e. 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, and 5 mg/kg, significantly
increased the tail-flick latency time and hot plate response time in a dose-dependent manner compared with
the diabetic group.

Conclusion:
Thus, it is suggested that E-SLN were equally effective and less hepatotoxic compared with the standard
treatment of epalrestat. To the best of our knowledge, we, for the first time, propose the orally deliverable E-SLN
that ameliorates STZ-induced diabetes neuropathic pain effectively as compared with conventional epalrestat.
A Machine Learning Approach to Predict In-Hospital Mortality in
COVID-19 Patients with Underlying Cardiovascular Disease using Artificial
Neural Network
Authors: Ebrahimi Vahid , Sabouri Samaneh , Khademian Mohammad Hossein , Sharifi Mehrdad , Mousavi-Roknabadi Razieh Sadat 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Machine learning algorithms, such as artificial neural networks (ANN), provide more accurate prediction by discovering complex patterns within data. Since COVID-19 disease is prevalent, using advanced statistical tools can upgrade clinical decision making by identifying high risk patients at the time of admission.

Objective:
This study aims to predict in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients with underlying cardiovascular disease (CVD) using ANN model.

Methods:
In the current retrospective cohort study, 880 COVID-19 patients with underlying CVD were enrolled from 26 health centers affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences and followed up from 10 June to 26 December 2020. The five-fold cross-validation method was utilized to build the optimal ANN model for predicting in-hospital death. Moreover, the predictive power of the ANN model was assessed with concordance indices and the area under ROC curve (AUC).

Results:
The median (95% CI) survival time of hospitalization was 16.7 (15.2-18.2) days and the empirical death rate was calculated to be 17.5%. About 81.5% of intubated COVID-19 patients were dead and the majority of the patients were admitted to the hospital with triage level two (54%). According to the ANN model, intubation, blood urea nitrogen, C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, and serum calcium were the most important prognostic indicators associated with patients’ in-hospital mortality. In addition, the accuracy of the ANN model was obtained to be 83.4% with a sensitivity and specificity of 72.7% and 85.6%, respectively (AUC=0.861).

Conclusion:
In this study, the ANN model demonstrated a good performance in the prediction of in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients with a history of CVD.
Nihilism and Event in Harold Pinter’s The Homecoming
Authors: Karim Lanja Najmalddin 
Published: August 2022

In Harold Pinter’s The Homecoming, Lenny and Ruth are represented as two characters who seek the utter destruction of all moral and social values. By drawing on Nietzsche’s concept of nihilism this paper claims that Ruth and Lenny are being totally nihilistic as they are seeking the devaluation of any tradition or system of values that is created within and beyond the spaces they inhabit. This paper explores what constitutes the concept of ‘event’ by drawing on Alain Badiou and Gilles Deleuze’s conceptualization of event to claim that the way Pinter creates event in the play is what gives it its nihilistic aspect. According to Deleuze in The Logic of Sense: “The event is always that which has just happened and that which is about to happen, but never that which is happening” (2). However, in The Homecoming the event is what is happening, and what had happened with complete disregard to what will happen, thus, the lack of reference to the future makes this play nihilistic. As the characters are constantly trying to destroy present they also become oblivious to future.
A Recurrent Neural Network Model for Predicting Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time After Treatment With Heparin: Retrospective Study
Authors: Boie Sebastian Daniel , Engelhardt Lilian Jo , Coenen Nicolas , Giesa Niklas , Rubarth Kerstin , Menk Mario , Balzer Felix 
Published: August 2022

Background
Anticoagulation therapy with heparin is a frequent treatment in intensive care units and is monitored by activated partial thromboplastin clotting time (aPTT). It has been demonstrated that reaching an established anticoagulation target within 24 hours is associated with favorable outcomes. However, patients respond to heparin differently and reaching the anticoagulation target can be challenging. Machine learning algorithms may potentially support clinicians with improved dosing recommendations.

Objective
This study evaluates a range of machine learning algorithms on their capability of predicting the patients’ response to heparin treatment. In this analysis, we apply, for the first time, a model that considers time series.

Methods
We extracted patient demographics, laboratory values, dialysis and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation treatments, and scores from the hospital information system. We predicted the numerical values of aPTT laboratory values 24 hours after continuous heparin infusion and evaluated 7 different machine learning models. The best-performing model was compared to recently published models on a classification task. We considered all data before and within the first 12 hours of continuous heparin infusion as features and predicted the aPTT value after 24 hours.

Results
The distribution of aPTT in our cohort of 5926 hospital admissions was highly skewed. Most patients showed aPTT values below 75 s, while some outliers showed much higher aPTT values. A recurrent neural network that consumes a time series of features showed the highest performance on the test set.

Conclusions
A recurrent neural network that uses time series of features instead of only static and aggregated features showed the highest performance in predicting aPTT after heparin treatment.
زمان و په‌یوه‌ندى به‌ كۆمه‌ڵگه‌وه‌
Authors: Hussein Hunar M. , Çiftçi Hasan 
Published: August 2022

راگه‌یاندن ته‌نیا له‌ كوردستان و بۆ ئێمه‌ی كورد گرنگ نییه‌ ، به‌ڵكو له‌ هه‌موو جیهان و بۆ هه‌موو كه‌سێك زۆر گرنگه‌ . ئێمه‌ ناتوانین بیر له‌ ژیانێك دوور له‌ ئامرازه‌كانی راگه‌یاندن ( رۆژنامه‌ و گۆڤار ، رادیۆ و ته‌له‌فزیۆن و ئینته‌رنیت) بكه‌ینه‌وه‌ ، به‌ تایبه‌تیش له‌ كاتی ئێستا ، كه‌ ده‌بینین راگه‌یاندن كارێگه‌ری زۆری له‌سه‌ر ده‌سه‌ڵات و دروستكردنی رای گشتی و هه‌موو بواره‌كان هه‌یه‌. كاریگه‌ری له‌سه‌ر ناساندنی زمان هه‌یه‌ و بڵاوبوونی هه‌موو شێوه‌زارێك ، به‌یه‌كخستنى زاراوه‌ و وه‌ك یه‌ك به‌كارهێنانى له‌ نێوان هه‌موو تاكه‌كانى دیالێكته‌ جیاوازه‌كاندا سودى لێكنزیككردنه‌وه‌ و یه‌كخستنى تاكه‌كانى كۆمه‌ڵ و دیالێكته‌كانى هه‌یه‌. ئه‌م باسه‌ بۆ ئه‌م سه‌رده‌مه‌ى ئَستا هه‌نگاوێكى گرنگ و كاریگه‌ره‌ ,ئه‌گه‌ر به‌ شێوه‌یه‌كى پراكتیكى پیاده‌بكرێت.
N-glycans Profiling in Pilocarpine Induced Status Epilepticus in Immature Rats
Authors: Kapoor S. , Nemcovic M. , Folbergrova J. , Kala D. , Svoboda J. , Otahal J. , Brnoliakova Z. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Status epilepticus (SE) is a common neurological emergency in children and a well-known epileptogenic insult. Neonates are extremely susceptible to seizures in the neonatal period due to the higher vulnerability. Neonatal SE is associated with significant mortality and morbidity. There is an evident need for attention on neonatal SE in research due to the incredibly limited diagnostic and treatment options in current neonatology, and its serious long-term consequences. The aim of the present study was to characterize the glycoprofiles in the pilocarpine-induced SE model in immature rats to assess the overall N-glycans composition. To induce lithium-pilocarpine (Li-Pilo) SE male Wistar rat pups were pretreated with lithium chloride (127 mg/kg, n=11) on the 11th postnatal day. After 24 hours, the lithium pre-treated pups were administered either with pilocarpine intraperitoneally (i.p.) (35 kg/g, n=6) or saline (n=5) in the control group (Control). On the 19th postnatal day, serum was collected and the analytical procedures were done by mass spectrometry (MS) analytics on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization in combination with a time-of-flight detector (MALDI-TOF/MS). Analyzed data were processed by FlexAnalysis (Bruker Daltonics) and GlycoWorkbench software. There were 21 N-glycans that were identified, appointed, and sorted with special emphasis on their structure. We have demonstrated the significant changes in terms of N-glycans sialylation in Li-Pilo compared to the Control. We also observed some other remodelation trends in different portions of relative intenstities of N-glycan clusters according to their glycan type. Our preliminary findings have laid the foundation for additional investigation into glycosylation alterations in the SE in immature rats.
GAMBARAN IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM INFORMASI KESEHATAN DAERAH GENERIK DI PUSKESMAS KEDIRI I KABUPATEN TABANAN
Authors: Dwita Adriani Siluh Ayu Made , Sinthya Ulandari Luh Putu 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRAK
Sistem Informasi Kesehatan Daerah (SIKDA) Generik merupakan sebuah aplikasi sistem informasi kesehatan daerah yang dibuat dengan tujuan untuk memudahkan petugas puskesmas saat melakukan pelaporan ke berbagai program di lingkungan Kementerian Kesehatan. Tujuan Penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui gambaran SIKDA Generik di Puskesmas Kediri I. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Informan dari penelitian ini berasal dari Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Tabanan dan Puskesmas Kediri I dengan total informan sebanyak 11 orang yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan pedoman wawancara mendalam dan lembar observasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan atau verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa belum tersedianya SOP khusus terkait SIKDA Generik dan petugas SIKDA belum mengetahui adanya pedoman dan kebijakan SIKDA Generik. Dalam pelaksanaan implementasi SIKDA Generik sudah dapat dilakukan dengan baik dan setiap petugas mampu menginput data secara real time. Data-data yang diinput belum dapat merekam seluruh kegiatan puskesmas, sehingga data dan laporan yang dihasilkan pun masih terbatas. Terdapat beberapa kendala pada sarana prasarana dan juga SDM dalam implementasi SIKDA Generik
Kata kunci : Implementasi, SIKDA Generik, Puskesmas

ABSTRACT
The Generic Regional Health Information System (SIKDA) is a regional health information application system that was created with the aim of making it easier for puskesmas officers to report various programs to the Ministry of Health. The purpose of this study was to find out the description of Generic SIKDA at Puskesmas Kediri I. This study used a qualitative method. Informants from this study came from the Tabanan District Health Office and Kediri I Health Center with a total of 11 informants selected through purposive sampling technique. Data collection was carried out using in-depth interview guidelines and observation sheets. Data analysis was carried out by collecting data, reducing data, presenting data and drawing conclusions or verification. The results showed that there were no specific SOPs related to Generic SIKDA and SIKDA officers were not aware of the existence of Generic SIKDA guidelines and policies. In the implementation of Generic SIKDA, it can be done well and every officer is able to input data in real time. The inputted data has not been able to record all puskesmas activities, so the data and reports produced are still limited. There are several obstacles to infrastructure and human resources in the implementation of Generic SIKDA.
Keywords: Implementation, Generic SIKDA, Public Health Center