bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Activities of the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies as an Example of Modern US Science Diplomacy
Authors: Rogovtseva Aleksandra 
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of present-day international cooperation in the field of science, innovation and medicine. Using the example of the work of the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Science abroad, namely in Switzerland, Mexico and Israel, the author considers a completely new area of “diplomacy for science” — the cooperation in the study of illicit substances. Using the historical-genetic and retrospective method to immerse in the history of scientific diplomacy and psychedelic research in the territory of the selected country, the comparative method — to compare foreign and domestic political approaches, as well as using journalistic articles, medical articles and publications in the MAPS Bulletin as sources, the author considers the reason for conducting the MDMA/PTSD, LSD/End of Life Anxiety, and Ibogaine/Addiction studies in the selected countries.
“I Would Like to Write about Many Negative Phenomena of Local Life so that You Know under what Difficult Conditions You Have to Work Here”: Letters from Professor Grigory Pisarevsky from Baku
Authors: Trifonova Svetlana 
Published: August 2022

The historical science of the turn of eras is represented by a large number of talented researchers. Many of them became classics of historical science, while the names of others were forgotten for many years. One of these scholars was professor at the University of Warsaw at the beginning of the 20th century, who can still be called the largest researcher in the field of foreign colonization of Russia in the second half of the 18th — first half of the 19th centuries, Grigory Grigorievich Pisarevsky (1868—1952). However, little is known about the period of his life and work after the evacuation of the Warsaw Imperial University, even less is known that Pisarevsky made a significant contribution to the formation of the Baku historical school. For almost twenty years, he has been working at the Baku University and the Institute of History of the Azerbaijan branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences. At this time, his little-known works devoted to the history of Transcaucasia were created, a lot of students were brought up. The epistolary heritage of Grigory Pisarevsky, deposited in the funds of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences, is a valuable source for studying the development of historical science in 1930—1950s.
Colors Profile of Duck Meat with Combination of Liquid Smoke Papain Enzyme Levels at Marinated
Authors: Wicaksono Andi Dharmawan , Ali Hikmah M , Nahariah Nahariah 
Published: August 2022

Duck meat is a livestock product favored by Indonesians, especially in South Sulawesi. The papain enzyme contains a proteaze enzyme that breaks down protein in meat as a meat tenderizer. Liquid smoke contains phenolic compounds as antioxidants, antibacterial agents and as a binder. The study was designed with a completely randomized design with a 5 x 5 factorial pattern with 3 replications. The first factor was the combination of papain enzyme levels and liquid smoke; factor A = (A1 = PE: 100%, A2 = LS: 25%, A3 = LS: 50%, A4 = LS 75%, A5 = LS: 100%) and the second factor was the marinated times; factor B = (B1 = 0, B2 = 30, B3 = 60, B4 = 90, and B5 = 120 minutes). There was no significant effect (P>0.05) of the combination of liquid smoke board enzyme levels on the (L*) brightness value, but at marinated time a significant effect (P<0.01) on the (L*) brightness value, especially at 120 minutes. There was no significant effect (P>0.05) from the combination of levels on the (a*) redness value, but at the time of marinated there was a significant effect (P<0.05) on the redness (a*) value, especially at 90 minutes. There was a significant effect (P<0.05) of the combined levels on the (b*) yellowness value, but at the time of marinated the significant effect (P<0.05) was on the (b*) yellowness value, especially at 90 minutes. The results showed that the addition of the combined level of the liquid smoke papain enzyme at the brightness (L*) and redness (a*) values didn’t give a significant effect, while the yellowish value (b*) gave an increase in the yellowish value at a concentration of 75% of liquid smoke. Marinated time gives a value that increases with increasing marinated times on the resulting color value.
Keywords: Papain enzyme, liquid smoke, marinated times, duck meat
The Effects of the Addition of Rubber Leaf (Hevea brasiliensis) Flour in Rations on Dry Matter Consumption, Weight Gain and Feed Conversion Ratio of Native Chickens
Authors: Hadiyanto Armas , Wigati Sri , Manin Fahmida 
Published: August 2022

The purpose of the study was to find out the effect of adding rubber leaf (Hevea brasiliensis) flour containing tannin compounds in standard rations on the production performance of native chickens. The materials used were 64 native chickens (32 males and 32 females) aged 8 weeks, rubber leaf flour and non-AGP commercial ration with 21% protein content. The experiment was designed using Randomized Group Design with 4 treatments and 8 repetitions. Grouping was based on sex, and each repetition unit consists of 2 chickens. The treatment given was the addition of rubber leaf flour by 0% (P0), 3% (P1), 6% (P2) and 9% (P3) in 100% of commercial ration given to native chickens raising in individual battery cages for 6 weeks of trial period. The observed variables were consumption of dry matter (DM), weight gain (WG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Data were analyzed by Analysis of variance using General Linear Model procedures. The results of statistical analysis showed that the feeding trials affected non-significantly (P >0.05) on all variables observed. DM consumption, Weight Gain and FCR of P0, P1, P2 and P3 treatment group were respectively: 3279, 3260, 3274 and 3355g/head/week; 106.22, 105.15, 99.95 and114.43 g/head/week; 4.88, 5.02; 5.32 and 4.66. Based on the results, it can be concluded that rubber leaf flour can be used up to a level of 9% as alternative to synthetic antibiotic growth promoter (AGP), and produce the same production performance as native chicken production given non-AGP commercial rations.
Keywords: Alternative-AGP, Hevea brasiliensis, Native Chicken, Performance, Rubber leaves
Characteristics of Bali Bull (Bos Sondaicus) Sexed Sperms with Freeze Dry Egg White at Different Incubation Time
Authors: Damayanti Putri , Yusuf Muhammad , Ako Ambo , Sahiruddin Sahiruddin 
Published: August 2022

The development of reproductive technology for the separation of spermatozoa with X and Y chromosomes, which is better known as sexing, can be carried out in vitro using various methods, one of which is using freeze dry egg whites. This study aims to determine the quality of semen based on incubation time. This study used four types of treatment, namely P0 = No Incubation, P1 = Incubation 30 minutes, P2 = Incubation 45 minutes, P3 = Incubation 60 minutes with six replications. Parameters observed were the quality of spermatozoa macroscopically (volume, odor, color and consistency) and microscopically (motility, abnormality, concentration, intact plasma membrane, intact acrosome cap). Y using descriptive statistical test. The results of analysis of variance that sexing spermatozoa using freeze dry egg whites at different incubation times showed a significant effect (P<0.05) on intact plasma membrane (IPM), intact acrosomal membrane (IAM), but had no significant effect P>0.05) on concentration, motility, and abnormalities. Evaluation of fresh Bali cattle spermatozoa showed results that were in accordance with the standards for further examination of semen sexing. Incubation time of 30 minutes in the sexing process of spermatozoa caused a significant decrease in motility and concentration, meanwhile, IPM and IAM of sexed spermatozoa experienced a significant decrease in incubation time of 60 minutes, but the decrease was still within the normal range for spermatozoa. to be used in the artificial insemination process.
Keywords: Sexing, incubation, concentration, motility, abnormality, intact plasma membrane, intact acrosome caps.
Early Paleozoic Continental Arc Mafic Magmatism in the North Qaidam Tectonic Belt: Implications for Subduction of the Proto-Tethyan Oceanic Lithosphere
Authors: Li Xiucai , Niu Manlan , Yan Zhen , Yakymchuk Chris , Fu Changlei , Li Chen , Sun Yi , Wu Qi , He Jiahao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The North Qaidam tectonic belt is characterized by the development of high-pressure to ultrahigh-pressure eclogite formed during deep subduction of the continental lithosphere. However, the tectonic processes that occurred prior to continental collision/subduction are relatively poorly studied and this leads to controversy over the evolutionary history of the North Qaidam tectonic belt. In this contribution, we present an integrated study of field observations, petrography, geochronology, and geochemistry (whole-rock major elements, trace elements, and Sr–Nd isotopes as well as zircon Lu–Hf isotopes) of continental arc mafic rocks in the North Wulan metamorphic complex to track Proto-Tethyan oceanic subduction and the nature of metasomatism of the mantle wedge. Zircon U–Pb geochronology demonstrates that continental arc mafic rocks crystallized at ca. 483–472 Ma. Mafic intrusions are enriched in light rare earth elements and large ion lithophile elements but are depleted in high field strength elements; these are typical features of arc-related magmatic rocks. They have relatively radiogenic Sr–Nd–Hf isotope compositions, with relatively high initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios of 0.710363 to 0.719404, low εNdt values of -7.77 to -2.30, variable zircon εHft values ranging from -8 to +2.8, and the single-stage Hf model ages of ca. 1.4–1.0 Ga. These features suggest that the mafic intrusions were sourced from ancient subcontinental mantle that was modified by subducted oceanic slab-derived components. The modified mantle source was generated by the interaction between subcontinental lithospheric mantle peridotite in the overlying mantle wedge and hydrous fluid and felsic melt that were derived from a subducted oceanic slab and seafloor sediments with ancient terrestrial origin in the rutile stability field. Crust-mantle interaction transferred the subducted crustal geochemical signatures to the mantle source during subduction of the Proto-Tethyan oceanic lithosphere. Retreat and rollback of the Proto-Tethyan oceanic slab triggered asthenosphere upwelling and the partial melting of metasomatized and enriched fertile lithospheric mantle to form continental arc mafic magmas in the North Qaidam tectonic belt. Combined with the coeval LP-HT metamorphism, the North Wulan metamorphic complex records the early Paleozoic tectonic evolution of a continental arc-back-arc system, and these continental arc mafic rocks record the subduction of the Proto-Tethyan oceanic lithosphere.
Effects of oil exploration on surface water quality – a review
Authors: Lusweti Elizabeth , Kanda Edwin Kimutai , Obando Joy , Makokha Mary 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe oil industry is a source of revenue and foreign exchange for an economy. Nevertheless, oil exploration is an inherent risk to the environment due to the pollution of water resources, especially surface water resources. The main waste is produced water, which is increasing around the world. As a consequence, water pollution resulting from normal oil drilling, refining, distribution, and accidents is the principal concern of oil exploration in the environment. Oil pollution is associated with ecological contaminants such as heavy metals and organic compounds which are the primary contaminant of surface water resources. Often this results in toxicity accretion in the food chain, and their non-biodegradable nature is of great concern to both human and aquatic life. Therefore, this review evaluates existing knowledge on the effect of oil exploration on surface water quality, hydraulic fracturing technique/chemicals, and composition of produced water. This review also recommends further research on the physicochemical characteristics, analysis of heavy metals in water/sediments, and characterization of hydro-chemical facies of surface water resources around oil exploration sites to enable effective policy development.
A hydraulic simulation-optimization model of the joint operation of multiple devices in long-distance water diversion systems under the pumps shutdown process using a parallel NSGA-II approach
Authors: Liu Xiaolian , Tian Yu , Zheng Ying , Liu Zirong , Wang Hao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The operation of a long-distance water diversion system in the transient process is a rather complicated problem requiring the joint operation of multiple devices. In this study, the joint operation of multiple hydraulic devices in the pumps shutdown process is expressed as a multi-objective optimization problem, and the hydraulic simulation-optimization model is proposed. The model is a bi-level framework, where the optimization model comprehensively considering various safety risks and efficiency through three objective functions is coupled with the MOC-based hydraulic transient simulation model. The parallel NSGA-II approach is proposed to solve the model. Besides, a process for effectively handling the constraints of the joint optimal operation of multiple hydraulic devices is proposed. Finally, the proposed model and approach are applied to a real long-distance water diversion project. The results show that the proposed model can find a set of feasible Pareto front solutions. The parallel approach greatly improves the computational efficiency. For the Pareto front schemes, the hydraulic devices are adjusted less frequently and the total regulation time is only 1/8.92–1/11.49 of that of the current operation scheme. Thus, this study provides an effective approach to formulate the joint operation scheme of multiple devices of long-distance water diversion systems.
Analysis and classification of bottled waters in the Maghreb Arab region
Authors: Sekiou Fateh , Tamrabet Lahbib 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper provides the first survey and assessment of the composition of bottled waters (BW) of Maghreb Arab countries. Parameters reported on labels of 74 (BW) brands were used as datasets. According to the Maghreb, EEC and WHO legislations and using PCA, HCA, KMC and ANOVA analysis in conjunction with analytical and empirical approaches, the study discussed the water quality and classification. The results showed that (BW) constituents comply with natural mineral (MW), spring (SW) and table waters (TW) standards for human consumption. It appears that Ca-HCO3 is the dominant facies in Algerian and Tunisian MW but in Morocco, they are Ca-HCO3 and Na-HCO3 facies. All Algerian and majority of Moroccan and Tunisian SW are Ca-HCO3 type, while both Tunisian and Moroccan TW are mainly Na-Cl type. Some of Maghreb BW are sulfated, chlorinated, bicarbonated, containing calcium, sodium and fluoride and adapted to a low sodium diet. Classification showed that BW could be categorized into four different groups. The first includes five brands of MW, rich in salts with Na + K-Cl facies. Meanwhile, two facies mark the waters of the second (Ca + Mg-SO4 and Ca + Mg-Cl), whereas the waters of the third and fourth are essentially low in salts and marked by Ca + Mg-HCO3 facies.
The effect of humic acid on the desalinization of coastal clayey saline soil
Authors: Huang Ruirui 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
There is a lack of research on the effect of humic acid on salinity adsorption and leaching of saline-alkali soil. We used humic acid as a modifier. Saline soil adsorption and leaching tests were carried out in the laboratory and the field to study the effect of humic acid on water, salt, and wheat yield in coastal clay saline soil. Compared to the CK (non-humic acid treatment), the laboratory tests show that soil water content, salt adsorption, salt leaching, and salt removal efficiency, all showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing, with the increase of humic acid, and increased by 0.1–1%, 0.5–4%, 3–11%, and 1–8% under T1-T8 (humic acid treatments), respectively. Field tests show that in all humic acid treatments soil salinity in 0–20 cm and 0–60 cm was reduced, and the water content and wheat yield was increased, compared to CK. When the humic acid content was 0.149 g/kg (T2 treatment), the soil salt removal effect and wheat yield were optimized. Overall, humic acid can effectively reduce the salinity in clay saline soil, improve its ability to hold water, and inhibit salt accumulation and soil salinization. This research contributes to the improvement of saline-alkali soil in the Yellow River Delta.
Phytoremediation of diesel contaminated soil using urban wastewater and its effect on soil concentration and plant growth
Authors: Mottaghi Shiva , Bahmani Omid , Pak Vahid Atlasi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
To assess the ability of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) and grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) plant species to effect phytoremediation with the utilization of freshwater and urban wastewater, greenhouse experiments were conducted in 2018 and 2019 with three levels of diesel contamination of 0, 1.5, and 3% w/w (referred to as DC (clean soil), D1.5 and D3, respectively). The maximum soil diesel content removal for tall fescue was by freshwater (54% (2018); 46% (2019)) and in the grass, the pea was by wastewater (44% (2018); 41% (2019)). A significant difference was observed in the amount of diesel removal by the plants at two levels of contamination, but the type of irrigation water had no significant effect. The plant growth decreased significantly by increased diesel in all treatments except D1.5 for tall fescue (2018) that led to better growth compared to the DC treatment. Diesel concentration had significant effects on plant parameters (dry weight, height, color, time of flowering, and podding), but the type of water had no similar impact. Phytoremediation was considered an effective method to reduce soil contamination, but treated wastewater could not significantly improve phytoremediation performance. The correlation coefficient indicated that the diesel removal rate was positively correlated with plant height and shoot dry weight (p &lt; 0.01).
Granular media filtration for on-site treatment of greywater: A review
Authors: Shaikh Irshad N. , Ahammed M. Mansoor 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Rapid urbanization and industrialization have put pressure on water resources and centralized wastewater treatment facilities and the need for greywater treatment at decentralized levels is increasing. This paper reviews the studies that used granular filtration for the treatment of greywater. Filter media characteristics that helps in the selection of suitable sustainable and environmental friendly materials without compromising the quality of treated greywater is first reported. The effect of type of filter media, media size and media depth along with the effect of operating conditions are discussed in detail. The choice, role and effect of different pre-treatment alternatives to granular media filtration are also presented. The efficiency of the filters to remove different physicochemical and microbial parameters was compared with different reuse guidelines and standards. Reported studies indicate that not only filter media characteristics and operating conditions but also the quality of raw greywater significantly influence the filter performance. Based on the source of greywater and desired reuse option, different granular media filtration alternatives are suggested. Operation of filters with properly selected media at optimum conditions based on the source of greywater helps filter in achieve the different reuse standards.
SGLT-2 Inhibitors and Nephroprotection in Patients with Diabetic
and Non-diabetic Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Sarafidis Pantelis , Pella Eva , Kanbay Mehmet , Papagianni Aikaterini 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:
For several years, blood pressure control and blocking of the renin-angiotensin
system (RAS) represented the cornerstones of chronic kidney disease (CKD) treatment.
Cardiovascular outcome trials with sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors
in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) suggested that these agents can effectively
delay the progression of CKD in these individuals. A major nephroprotective effect of canagliflozin
was also shown in a renal outcome trial in patients with proteinuric diabetic
CKD. The Study-to- Evaluate-the-Effect- of-Dapagliflozin-on-Renal-Outcomes-and-Cardiovascular-
Mortality-in-Patients-With-Chronic-Kidney-Disease (DAPA-CKD) is a recent
milestone in the field, as it included patients with both diabetic and non-diabetic proteinuric
CKD and showed impressive reduction in the primary renal outcome of CKD
progression, as well as the risk of hospitalization for heart failure and all-cause mortality
on top of standard- of-care treatment. These benefits were consistent for patients with diabetic
and non-diabetic CKD, including patients with ischemic or hypertensive nephropathy
and glomerulonephritides (IgA nephropathy, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and
membranous nephropathy). Based on the above, relevant guidelines should accommodate
their recommendations to implement treatment with SGLT-2 inhibitors for CKD patients.
Recent Advances on Type-2 Cannabinoid (CB2) Receptor Agonists
and their Therapeutic Potential
Authors: Gasperi Valeria , Guzzo Tatiana , Topai Alessandra , Gambacorta Nicola , Ciriaco Fulvio , Nicolotti Orazio , Maccarrone Mauro 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:
In the last decade, selective modulators of type-2 cannabinoid receptor (CB2)
have become a major focus to target endocannabinoid signaling in humans. Indeed,
heterogeneously expressed within our body, CB2 actively regulates several physio-pathological
processes, thus representing a promising target for developing specific and safe
therapeutic drugs. If CB2 modulation has been extensively studied since the very beginning
for the treatment of pain and inflammation, the more recent involvement of this receptor
in other pathological conditions has further strengthened the pursuit of novel CB2 agonists
in the last five years.
Against this background, here we discuss the most recent evidence of the protective effects
of CB2 against pathological conditions, emphasizing central nervous system disorders,
bone and synovial diseases, and cancer. We also summarize the most recent advances
in the development of CB2 agonists, focusing on the correlation between different
chemical classes and diverse therapeutic applications. Data mining includes a review of
the CB2 ligands disclosed in patents also released in the last five years. Finally, we discuss
how the recent elucidation of CB2 tertiary structure has provided new details for the
rational design of novel and more selective CB2 agonists, thus supporting innovative
strategies to develop effective therapeutics.
Our overview of the current knowledge on CB2 agonists provides pivotal information on
the structure and function of different classes of molecules and opens possible avenues
for future research.
Emerging Role of Long Non‑coding RNAs in Asthma
Authors: Deng Jing‐Min , Chen Xue-Fen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:
Asthma is a common complex disorder characterized by hyper-responsiveness and
chronic inflammatory airway disease in children and adults worldwide. The prevalence of asthma
is increasing with each passing year. Long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs), regarded as a potentially
promising path, have received increasing attention in exploring the biological regulation of chronic
airway diseases, although they have no or limited protein‑coding capacity. This review highlights
the functional roles and clinical significance of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of asthma and provides
directions for diagnosing and treating asthma in the future.