bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TBC1D23 drives lymphatic metastasis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by altering EGFR cell surface dynamics and signaling
Authors: Shan Yan-Shen , Chao Ying-Jui , Wang Hao-Chen , Chen Yu-Lun , Hou Ya-Chin , Wang Chih-Jung , Shin Jyh-Wei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Rich in protein and adjacent to pancreatic cancer cells, pancreatic juice has been considered an attractive source to discover biomarkers for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Here, we identified a novel biomarker, TBC1D23 in pancreatic juice of PDAC patients. High TBC1D23 expression was also observed in tumor tissues and sera, associated with lymphatic metastasis and shorter survival. TBC1D23 was strongly expressed in PDAC cell lines, and knocking down TBC1D23 reduced cell proliferation and migration in vitro and suppressed xenograft tumor growth and peritoneal metastasis in vivo. DNA microarray analysis identified the down-regulation of VEGF-C in TBC1D23 knockdown cells compared to control. Indeed, depletion of TBC1D23 decreased VEGF-C expression and secretion. Treatment with conditioned medium from PANC-1 cells promoted lymphangiogenesis in lymphatic endothelial cells, while this effect was counteracted by the VEGFR3 inhibitor MAZ51 or knockdown of TBC1D23, indicating that VEGF-C is a target gene of TBC1D23. Mechanistically, TBC1D23 could increase EGFR membrane distribution, enhance EGFR recycling, but inhibit EGFR endocytic degradation, suggesting that TBC1D23 up-regulates VEGF-C by maintaining EGFR capacity to transduce signals. This study clearly demonstrates the oncogenic role of TBC1D23 and EGFR/VEGF-C as its downstream signaling pathway for lymphatic metastasis.
Efficacy of Air Leak Test in Preventing Anastomotic Leaks After Rectal Excision: A Retrospective Case-Controlled Study
Authors: Song Seung Ho , Park Jun Seok , Choi Gyu-Seog , Park Soo Yeon , Kim Hye Jin , Lee Sung-Min , Na Dong-Hee , Jeong Min Hye 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
An intraoperative air leak test (ALT) is commonly used to detect mechanical defects following a bowel anastomosis, although its efficacy is uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ALT for preventing anastomotic leakage (AL) following rectal excision. We reviewed our database for patients with rectal cancers who had undergone curative surgery between January 2012 and January 2018. Patients were grouped according to whether or not an ALT was performed. Propensity score analyses were performed to compare outcomes for groups in a 1:1 case-matched cohort. In total, 1,191 patients underwent rectal excision; 438 (219 in each group) formed the case-matched cohort for analysis. The protective stoma rate was 16.0% and 14.6% in the ALT and the no-ALT groups, respectively (p = 0.791). In the ALT group, 2 patients (0.9%) showed a positive result and were treated with rectal tube drainage, resulting in no leakage. There was no significant between-group difference in postoperative AL rate (ALT group: 4.6%, no-ALT group: 4.1%, p = 1.000). ALT played a minimal role in preventing AL following rectal excision. Further studies are warranted to validate our results and clarify whether AL can be prevented with ALT or alternative methods.
PEDF inhibits non-small cell lung cancer proliferation by repressing autophagy through downregulating AMPK-ULK1 signaling
Authors: Miao Haoran , Hui Hongliang , Li Huaming , Lin Yangui , Li Dan , Luo Min , Jiang Bo , Zhang Yiqian 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Current investigations suggest that pigment epithelial factor (PEDF) can mediate progression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by regulating autophagy. However, the underlying mechanisms associated with autophagy are still poorly known. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between PEDF-AMPK-ULK1 pathway and autophagy in NSCLCs.Methods: Intracellular autophagy was evaluated by some indicators, such as expression and activationof LC3-I, LC3-II and p62, distribution and number of autophagosomes observed by confocal microscopy. In addition, we also examined the activity and proliferative capacity of NSCLC cells under PEDF overexpression by CCK8, LDH assay and WB of related proteins. Results: The results show that PEDF could significantly inhibit NSCLC cell proliferation and cell viability, and increase LDH release and intercellular adhesion. Moreover, PEDF suppressed expression and activation of LC-3 and reduced the number and distribution of autophagosomes. PEDF-induced inhibition of autophagy showed a direct correlation with the suppressed proliferation capacity and cell viability of NSCLC cells. Western blot results showed that NSCLCs regulate autophagy through AMPK-ULK1 signaling pathway. PEDF can downregulate AMPK-ULK1 signaling pathway, and overexpression of AMPK or ULK1 can greatly reduce the inhibitory effect of PEDF on autophagy.Conclusions: PEDF could significantly inhibit the proliferative capacity and cell viability of NSCLCs, and the fundamental reason is that PEDF exerted an inhibitory function by regulating autophagy in NSCLCs. Finally, we elucidated that autophagy may be suppressed by inhibiting AMPK-ULK1 signaling pathway, thereby revealing a mechanism of lung cancer progression.
The Effects of Preoperative Anxiety Level in Patients with Nasogastric Tube Inserted on Postoperative Quality of Recovery and Pain undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy under General Anesthesia
Authors: Li Lifang , Cheng Zhangqin , Wang Liuyi , Zhang Yuhan , Su Yang , Wang Kai , Lu Xiaoxing , Wang Liwei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Nasogastric tube inserted before laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a preoperative common preparation, which is an invasive procedure and exacerbates the patient’s anxiety level. This prospective, observational, cohort study aimed to explore the effects of preoperative anxiety level in patients with nasogastric tube inserted on the postoperative quality of recovery and pain undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and analyze the correlation between preoperative anxiety level and the postoperative quality of recovery. Method: Patients with STAI-S＞40 were excluded the day before surgery. After entering the operating room, patients were assessed anxiety level using the Anxiety - Visual Analog Scale. The quality of recovery was assessed using 15 - items quality of recovery on postoperative day 1 and 2. The pain was evaluated with the Numerical Rating Scale. 17 cases were excluded, and a total of 80 patients were enrolled in this study.Results: Compared with the group N, Anxiety Visual Analog Scale scores were higher in the group Y (with nasogastric tube inserted) after entering the operating room (P < 0.001), 15 - items quality of recovery scores on postoperative day 1 in the group Y was lower than group N (without nasogastric tube inserted) (P < 0.001). Pain intensity was higher in group Y at 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48h after surgery than in Group N (P < 0.050). Anxiety Visual Analog Scale scores were significantly and negatively correlated with the 15- items quality of recovery scores (r = -0.91, P < 0.001). Compared with group N, group Y had longer time to get out of bed and postoperative first flatus time (P < 0.001). The AIS scores were higher on the night after surgery in group Y than in group (P < 0.001). Conclusion: In summary, nasogastric tube inserted increases preoperative anxiety level, which is associated with lower postoperative quality of recovery and higher pain intensity after surgery, and affects the patient's emergence time and postoperative sleep quality. We can implement intervention measures according to patients' conditions to relieve patients' preoperative anxiety level, improve the postoperative quality of recovery, improve patients' satisfaction and speed up recovery.Trial registration: This prospective, observational, cohort study selected patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy at Xuzhou Central Hospital from April 2022 to June 2022. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Xuzhou Central Hospital (XZXY-LK-20220318-024) and registered on Clinicaltrials.gov (10/04/2022, ChiCTR2200058548).
Optimizing QTL introgression via stochastic simulations: an example of the IRRI rice breeding program
Authors: Platten John Damien , Fritsche-Neto Roberto 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A key limitation in the ability of breeding programs to leverage benefits of major-gene marker-assisted selection is the availability of those genes in appropriate elite germplasm. In this context, our study compared three strategies to develop new recipients for QTL introgression (Background recovery (BG), Selective sweep (SS), and Breeding values (BV)) in a short-term breeding program (over five breeding cycles). Furthermore, we evaluated two different numbers of recipients (10 and 20) in the introgression process and how they influence the population performance and the QTL fixation over cycles. Finally, we used rice as a model of a self-pollinated crop and implemented stochastic simulations. Each strategy was simulated and replicated 40 times. Regardless of the selection strategy used, the QTL introgression resulted in substantial penalties in yield performance. However, introducing fewer new parents to the augmentation process minimized this effect. Conversely, the time required to achieve fixation of target QTLs showed substantial differences, with selection for BV during augmentation out-performing other methods. Overall, the BV_10 strategy (10 parents selected based on genomic estimated breeding values) displayed the best trade-off between reduced penalty from introducing new QTLs with a reasonable speed at which those QTLs can achieve fixation over subsequent breeding cycles.
Critical Appraisal of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) Guidelines for Spine Disorders using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II Instrument (AGREE II)
Authors: LIANG Ning , WU Sizhan , ROBERTS Simon , MAKARAM Navnit , Ngwayi James Reeves Mbori , PORTER Daniel 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Disorders of the spine (as defined by the musculoskeletal structures surrounding the spinal neural elements) require an evidence-based, approach to their care. This evaluation used the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II instrument to evaluate the methodological quality of evidence-based guidelines on spine disorders published by The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE).Materials and methods: We systematically searched clinical guidelines on spine disorders published by NICE until December 2019. Four appraisers across three international centers independently evaluated the quality of eligible clinical guidelines using AGREE II. Mean AGREE II scores for each domain were calculated. In higher quality domains scores for individual items were analysed. The guidelines were grouped according to type and year of publication. Comparative statistics and intraclass correlation (ICC) calculations were performed.Results: A total of 37 guidelines published by NICE on spine disorders were identified. Mean scores for all six domains were as follows: Scope and Purpose (73.2%), Stakeholder Involvement (63.9%), Rigour of Development (68.1%), Clarity of Presentation (73.6%), Applicability (53.2%) and Editorial Independence (64.5%). The mean score for overall quality of all NICE spinal-related guidelines was 68.8% (95% CI: 62.3–75.3). Interventional Procedure Guidelines were evaluated as possessing significantly lower overall quality than other types (p = 0.007). Overall quality was significantly associated with year of publication (rs=0.476, p = 0.0029). Evaluator ICC for each guideline ranged from 0.39 to 0.95.Conclusions: NICE guidelines on spine disorders demonstrated acceptable or good quality across most domains. Despite deficiencies in the applicability domain, their quality has improved over time. We recommend use of NICE guidelines for assessment and treatment of spine disorders.
Dental caries prediction and the indication of pit and fissure sealant in children first permanent molars: a prospective study
Authors: Emmanuelli Bruno , Knorst Jessica Klöckner , Menegazzo Gabriele Rissotto , Mendes Fausto Medeiros , Ardenghi Thiago Machado 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate predictors for caries incidence on first permanent molars and to assess the accuracy and efficiency of these predictors for the indication of pit and fissure sealants.Methods: This 7-y cohort study started in 2010 with a sample of 639 children (1–5 years) from Southern Brazil. Dental caries was assessed using the ICDAS. Maternal education, family income, parental perception on child oral health and severe dental caries experience were collected at baseline and used to test the prediction of dental caries. Predictive values, accuracy and efficiency were estimated for each possible predictor.Results: About 449 children were re-assessed at follow-up (70.3% retention rate). Low family income and poor parental perception of child oral health were moderately accurate in correctly identifying sound children who would not need to receive pit and fissure sealant. However, all the adopted criteria have lower accuracy incorrectly identifying children who later developed dental caries in first permanent molars. Conclusions: Distal and intermediate factors were relatively accurate in determining caries risk incidence on children's first permanent molars. The criteria adopted were more accurate in identifying sound children than those who need to receive pit and fissure sealant.Clinical relevance: Our findings reinforce the idea that investing in strategies that take into account common risk factors still represents the best option for dental caries prevention. However, adopting only these parameters is not enough to indicate pit and fissure sealants.
Ethyl loflazepate as a treatment for patients with idiopathic and psychogenic dysgeusia
Authors: Sakata Ken-ichiro , Hato Hiroyuki , Sato Jun , Iori Takashi , Ohga Noritaka , Watanabe Haruhisa , Yamazaki Yutaka , Kitagawa Yoshimasa 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Ethyl loflazepate (EL) is a benzodiazepine derivative that has been reported to activate the gustatory cortex. Our department routinely uses EL as a first-line treatment for idiopathic and psychogenic taste disorders, although little has been reported in the literature with respect to patient outcomes, so we conducted a retrospective study examining its safety and efficacy.
Methods
Between 2008 and 2020, 49 patients (14 males and 35 females; mean age, 62.1 years) were diagnosed with taste disorders and received EL as their only treatment for > 14 days. Severity of taste disorder was evaluated using the paper disc method by Sakai et al [7], and treatment efficacy was evaluated using the Visual Analog Scale, wherein patients gave subjective ratings for their symptoms (reductions by > 50% after administration of EL for 4 weeks were defined as improvements).
Results
Results showed that the improvement rates for patients with idiopathic and psychogenic taste disorders were 55% and 70%, respectively. Additionally, the majority (78%) improved within 2 weeks, and side effects were mild (seven cases with drowsiness and one case with dizziness).
Conclusions
We conclude that EL is an appropriate first-line medication for patients with idiopathic and psychogenic taste disorders.
Review on the strategies for enhancing mechanical properties of bacterial cellulose
Authors: Wang Yun-Ya , Zhao Xue-Qing , Li Dong-Mei , Wu Ya-Mei , Wahid Fazli , Xie Yan-Yan , Zhong Cheng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a pure biopolymer with abundant sources. BC has been used in wound dressings, artificial blood vessels, bone tissue engineering, and other applications because of its microporosity, excellent water retention, thermal stability, and biocompatibility. Despite this, the mechanical qualities of dehydrated BC are poor, and its strength and toughness are insufficient for the application. The mechanical properties of BC are influenced by the three-dimensional (3D) nano-network structure, which includes porosity, pore diameter, and the ordered arrangement of fibers, among other factors. Essentially, the quantity and kind of cross-linking in the 3D network play a critical role in improving mechanical characteristics. Selection and modification of production strains, surface chemical modification, physical mixing with reinforcement, and improving the ordered arrangement of fibers are some of the tactics discussed in this review for improving the mechanical properties of BC. Various improvement methods and their effects on mechanical characteristics are addressed.
WITHDRAWN: Factors affecting delayed displacement of clavicle fractures in polytrauma patients:a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lee Doo-Hyung , Han Kyeong-Jin , Cho Jae-Ho , Kim Tae Hun , Yoon Ha Seung , Choi Wan-Sun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: The tendency toward conservative treatment for clavicle fractures in polytrauma patients may be related to certain characteristics of polytrauma patients. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that could affect delayed displacement of fractures during conservative treatment for clavicle fracture in polytrauma patients. Methods: From January 2013 to April 2017, 178 polytrauma patients with an ISS of 16 or more and a clavicle fracture were enrolled from a single trauma center. Of these patients, 79 who had an initial displacement of fractures of less than 100% of the clavicle diameter and initially underwent conservative treatment were included. We analyzed the risk factors that could affect delayed displacement of clavicle fracture by performing a regression analysis of the following factors: patients’ demographic characteristics, location of fracture, presence of comminuted fracture, duration of the intensive care unit stay, ventilator care, initial consciousness level, combined upper extremity injuries, rib fractures of the ipsilateral side, brain injury, and spinal cord injury.Results: A total of 31 patients had delayed displacement of clavicle fracture. The univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses showed that the statistically significant risk factors for delayed displacement of clavicle fractures were the presence of comminuted fracture and middle third shaft clavicle fracture. Other factors were not statistically related to delayed displacement.Conclusion: Polytrauma patients with clavicle fractures are more likely to develop delayed displacement if there is a presence of comminuted fracture or middle third clavicle fracture. However, polytrauma-related factors did not reduce the risk of delayed displacement of clavicle fractures in polytrauma patients. Level of Evidence: III, retrospective cohort study
Robust Statistics and Cluster Analysis in NDT for Multi-Parameter Signals
Authors: Underhill P. R. , Krause T. W. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Non-Destructive testing (NDT) often involves acquisition of complex multi-parameter data in which the target flaw or structure condition can be difficult to identify. The use of robust cluster analysis, based on the Mahalanobis distance, to assess such data is examined here. The addition of robust estimates for the covariance matrix allows this approach to work in an unsupervised learning environment. Being unsupervised makes the approach very versatile and largely eliminates the requirement for large training sets such as are used by other artificial intelligence (AI) techniques such as artificial neural nets (ANN) or support vector machines (SVM). This is particularly helpful when there are numerous different environments, such as fasteners holding together the various components of an aircraft wing, each of which would require its own training set. It also eliminates issues related to changes in the performance of the instrument(s) between training set and real application. The concept of the partial Mahalanobis distance, which only uses information from eigenvectors associated with the defect under investigation, is introduced. The use of only that fraction of the signal that is relevant to the detection of the defects significantly increases the resolving power of the method. Robust cluster analysis can provide automatic defect identification on sample sizes as small as 50 or 60.
Assessing the role of venetoclax in combination with hypomethylating agents in higher risk myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Komrokji Rami , Singh Avani , Ali Najla Al , Chan Onyee , Padron Eric , Sweet Kendra , Kuykendall Andrew , Lancet Jeffrey , Sallman David 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Hypomethylating agents (HMA) remain the backbone of therapy for treating higher risk myelodysplastic syndromes (HR-MDS), however less than 20% of these patients achieve a complete remission (CR). Preliminary data have reported promising higher response rate combining HMA with Venetoclax as first line therapy (1L) as well as activity in HMA failure MDS. We identified 1193 higher risk MDS patients who received HMA as 1L therapy for HR-MDS, 1158 patients received 1L HMA alone and 35 patients received 1L HMA/Venetoclax combination. The overall response rate was 77% for 1L HMA/Venetoclax compared to 40% for 1L HMA alone (p<0.005). Among patients with ASXL1 mutation, CR were 44% and 8% for combination and HMA alone, respectively (p <0.005). Among patients with TP53 mutation, the overall response rate (ORR) was 75% and 44% for 1L HMA/Venetoclax and HMA alone respectively (p=0.038). The OS was 21 months and 20 months for 1L HMA/Venetoclax and 1L HMA alone respectively (p=0.86). For 269 patients who proceeded to transplant, the 2-year survival rates were 91% and 51% for 1L HMA/Venetoclax and HMA alone, respectively. Overall HMA/Venetoclax results in higher responses in both frontline and HMA failure patients with favorable outcomes in HMA patients bridged to AHSCT.
In-situ high-temperature behaviour and breakdown conditions of uvite at room pressure
Authors: Ballirano Paolo , Celata Beatrice , Bosi Ferdinando 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The thermal behaviour of an uvite from San Piero in Campo (Elba Island, Italy) was investigated at room pressure through in-situ High-Temperature X-Ray Powder Diffraction (HT-XRPD), until the breakdown conditions were reached. The variation of uvite structural parameters (unit-cell parameters and mean bond distances) was monitored together with site occupancies and we observed the thermally-induced Fe oxidation process counterbalanced by (OH)− deprotonation, which starts at 450°C and is completed at 650°C. The uvite breakdown reaction occurs between 800 and 900°C. The breakdown products were identified at room temperature by X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD) and the breakdown reaction can be described by the following reaction: tourmaline → indialite + yuanfuliite + plagioclase + “boron-mullite” phase + hematite.