bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishing a quantitative framework for regulatory interpretation of genetic toxicity dose–response data: Margin of exposure case study of 48 compounds with both in vivo mutagenicity and carcinogenicity dose–response data
Authors: Chepelev Nikolai , Long Alexandra S. , Beal Marc , Barton‐Maclaren Tara , Johnson George , Dearfield Kerry L. , Roberts Daniel J. , van Benthem Jan , White Paul 
Published: November 2022

AbstractQuantitative relationships between carcinogenic potency and mutagenic potency have been previously examined using a benchmark dose (BMD)‐based approach. We extended those analyses by using human exposure data for 48 compounds to calculate carcinogenicity‐derived and genotoxicity‐derived margin of exposure values (MOEs) that can be used to prioritize substances for risk management. MOEs for 16 of the 48 compounds were below 10,000, and consequently highlighted for regulatory concern. Of these, 15 were highlighted using genotoxicity‐derived (micronucleus [MN] dose–response data) MOEs. A total of 13 compounds were highlighted using carcinogenicity‐derived MOEs; 12 compounds were overlapping. MOEs were also calculated using transgenic rodent (TGR) mutagenicity data. For 10 of the 12 compounds examined using TGR data, the results similarly revealed that mutagenicity‐derived MOEs yield regulatory decisions that correspond with those based on carcinogenicity‐derived MOEs. The effect of benchmark response (BMR) on MOE determination was also examined. Reinterpretation of the analyses using a BMR of 50% indicated that four out of 15 compounds prioritized using MN‐derived MOEs based on a default BMR of 5% would have been missed. The results indicate that regulatory decisions based on in vivo genotoxicity dose–response data would be consistent with those based on carcinogenicity dose–response data; in some cases, genotoxicity‐based decisions would be more conservative. Going forward, and in the absence of carcinogenicity data, in vivo genotoxicity assays (MN and TGR) can be used to effectively prioritize substances for regulatory action. Routine use of the MOE approach necessitates the availability of reliable human exposure estimates, and consensus regarding appropriate BMRs for genotoxicity endpoints.
Targeted proteomic scan identifies alteration of serum proteins among workers occupationally exposed to low levels of trichloroethylene
Authors: Hosgood H. Dean , Rahman Mohammad L. , Blansky Deanna , Hu Wei , Davitt Meghan , Wen Cuiju , Huang Yongshun , Tang Xiaojiang , Li Laiyu , Smith Martyn T. , Zhang Luoping , Vermeulen Roel , Rothman Nathaniel , Bassig Bryan A. , Lan Qing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOccupational exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE) has been associated with alterations in B‐cell activation factors and an increased risk of non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Here, we aimed to examine the biological processes influenced by TCE exposure to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms. This cross‐sectional molecular epidemiology study included data of 1317 targeted proteins in the serum from 42 TCE exposed and 34 unexposed factory workers in Guangdong, China. We used multivariable linear regressions to identify proteins associated with TCE exposure and examined their exposure‐response relationship across categories of TCE exposure (unexposed, low exposed: <10 ppm, high exposed: ≥10 ppm). We further examined pathway enrichment of TCE‐related proteins to understand their biological response. Occupational exposure to TCE was associated with lower levels of tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17 (TNFRSF17; β = −.08; p‐value = .0003) and kynureninase (KYNU; β = −.10, p‐value = .002). These proteins also showed a significant exposure‐response relation across the unexposed, low exposed, and high exposed workers (all p‐trends < .001, false discovery rate [FDR] < 0.20). Pathway analysis of TCE‐related proteins showed significant enrichment (FDR < 0.05) for several inflammatory and immune pathways. TCE exposure was associated with TNFRSF17, a key B‐cell maturation antigen that mediates B‐cell survival and KYNU, an enzyme that plays a role in T‐cell mediated immune response. Given that altered immunity is an established risk factor for NHL, our findings support the biological plausibility of linking TCE exposure with NHL.
Electricity demand forecasting and risk management using Gaussian process model with error propagation
Authors: Wen Kuangyu , Wu Wenbin , Wu Ximing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractElectricity demand forecasting plays a vital role in power system planning, operation, transmission design, and financial risk management. In this study, we employ a Gaussian Process model to estimate the probability distributions of short‐term electricity demand. To account for input uncertainty in multi‐period ahead forecast, we adopt an error propagation procedure that improves upon the naive recursive forecasting. This method is shown to perform well in terms of multi‐step ahead point and probabilistic forecasts. We illustrate the usefulness of the suggested estimator with an application to short term demand forecasting of Texas electricity market.
Machine learning applications for transcription level and phenotype predictions
Authors: Chantaraamporn Juthamard , Phumikhet Pongpannee , Nguantad Sarintip , Techo Todsapol , Charoensawan Varodom 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPredicting phenotypes and complex traits from genomic variations has always been a big challenge in molecular biology, at least in part because the task is often complicated by the influences of external stimuli and the environment on regulation of gene expression. With today's abundance of omic data and advances in high‐throughput computing and machine learning (ML), we now have an unprecedented opportunity to uncover the missing links and molecular mechanisms that control gene expression and phenotypes. To empower molecular biologists and researchers in related fields to start using ML for in‐depth analyses of their large‐scale data, here we provide a summary of fundamental concepts of machine learning, and describe a wide range of research questions and scenarios in molecular biology where ML has been implemented. Due to the abundance of data, reproducibility, and genome‐wide coverage, we focus on transcriptomics, and two ML tasks involving it: (a) predicting of transcriptomic profiles or transcription levels from genomic variations in DNA, and (b) predicting phenotypes of interest from transcriptomic profiles or transcription levels. Similar approaches can also be applied to more complex data such as those in multi‐omic studies. We envisage that the concepts and examples described here will raise awareness and promote the application of ML among molecular biologists, and eventually help improve a framework for systematic design and predictions of gene expression and phenotypes for synthetic biology applications.
Religious affiliation protects against alcohol/substance use initiation: A prospective study among healthy adolescents
Authors: Rosmarin David H. , Pirutinsky Steven , Kaufman Caroline C. , Harris Sion K. , Sneider Jennifer T. , Silveri Marisa M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundA substantial volume of the literature suggests that religious factors buffer against alcohol/substance use among adults, but research among adolescents is sparse. Further, few studies in this area have been prospective, and therefore it is unclear how religion may impact less alcohol/substance use among adolescents.MethodWe prospectively evaluated effects of religious affiliation on initiation of alcohol/substance use in a sample of 81 psychiatrically healthy 13–14‐year‐olds from New England, over a 3‐year period (from November 2015 to January 2019). Known risk factors were also evaluated including anxiety, depression, and impulsivity; family history of mental illness and alcohol/substance misuse; and volume of brain regions implicated in adolescent alcohol/substance misuse (assessed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging).ResultsReligiously affiliated adolescents were significantly less likely to initiate use of alcohol/substances (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.38). The addition of family history of alcohol/substance misuse to the model increased the predictive value of religious affiliation (HR = 0.34). Other risk factors did not diminish nor increase observed effects.ConclusionsThese findings support and extend the current research by suggesting that religious affiliation protects against initiation of alcohol/substance use during early adolescence, particularly in individuals with elevated risk.
Tuning the Poisson's ratio of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate/cellulose nanofibril aerogel scaffold precisely for cultivation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell
Authors: Sun Dong , Liu Wangyu , Tang Aimin , Zhou Feng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTissue engineering (TE) scaffolds with appropriate Poisson's ratio (PR) are suitable for mimicking the environment of native tissues on which cells could survive and thrive better. Herein, cellular structured scaffolds are made by a new composite poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate/cellulose nanofibril aerogel, with prototypes of the hexagonal, reentrant, and semireentrant models. Scaffolds with different geometry parameters (l, t, α) are designed and simulated by COMSOL to enable precise regulation of their PR. Then, nine groups of scaffolds with different PRs ranging from −0.5 to 0.85 are designed by adjusting geometry parameters and fabricated by using stereolithography and freeze‐drying techniques. Subsequently, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSc) are cultured on these scaffolds for 21 days, during which CCK8 assay, fluorescence microscope observation, and real‐time polymerase chain reaction experiments are performed to characterize the proliferation and differentiation of BMSc. The results reflect that the scaffolds with different PR can provide various stress environments for cells, and the scaffold with zero PR is the most suitable for BMSc differentiating into chondrocytes during early culture experiments. This study suggests that tuning PR precisely is an attractive and effective strategy to provide a cells‐suitable environment for scaffold fabrication for TE.
Ingenuity in performing replica permutation: How to order the state labels for improving sampling efficiency
Authors: Fukuhara Daiki , Yamauchi Masataka , Itoh Satoru G. , Okumura Hisashi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn the replica‐permutation method, an advanced version of the replica‐exchange method, all combinations of replicas and parameters are considered for parameter permutation, and a list of all the combinations is prepared. Here, we report that the temperature transition probability depends on how the list is created, especially in replica permutation with solute tempering (RPST). We found that the transition probabilities decrease at large replica indices when the combinations are sequentially assigned to the state labels as in the originally proposed list. To solve this problem, we propose to modify the list by randomly assigning the combinations to the state labels. We performed molecular dynamics simulations of amyloid‐β(16–22) peptides using RPST with the “randomly assigned” list (RPST‐RA) and RPST with the “sequentially assigned” list (RPST‐SA). The results show the decreases in the transition probabilities in RPST‐SA are eliminated, and the sampling efficiency is improved in RPST‐RA.
The atypical β‐blocker S‐oxprenolol reduces cachexia and improves survival in a rat cancer cachexia model
Authors: Yuan Luping , Springer Jochen , Palus Sandra , Busquets Silvia , Jové Queralt , Alves de Lima Junior Edson , Anker Markus S. , von Haehling Stephan , Álvarez Ladrón Natalia , Millman Oliver , Oosterlee Annemijn , Szymczyk Agata , López‐Soriano Francisco Javier , Anker Stefan D. , Coats Andrew J.S. , Argiles Josep M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundBeta‐blockers and selected stereoisomers of beta‐blockers, like bisoprolol and S‐pindolol (ACM‐001), have been shown to be effective in preclinical cancer cachexia models. Here, we tested the efficacy of stereoisomers of oxprenolol in two preclinical models of cancer cachexia—the Yoshida AH‐130 rat model and the Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) mouse model.Methods and ResultsIn the Yoshida AH130 hepatoma rat cancer cachexia model and compared with placebo, 50 mg/kg/d S‐oxprenolol (HR: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.28–0.85, P = 0.012) was superior to 50 mg/kg/d R‐oxprenolol (HR: 0.83, 95% CI 0.38–1.45, P = 0.51) in reducing mortality (= reaching ethical endpoints). Combination of the three doses (12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg/d) that had a significant effect on body weight loss in the S‐oxprenolol groups vs the same combination of the R‐oxprenolol groups lead to a significantly improved survival of S‐oxprenolol vs R‐oxprenolol (HR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.08–2.39, P = 0.0185). Interestingly, there is a clear dose dependency in S‐oxprenolol‐treated (5, 12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg/d) groups, which was not observed in groups treated with R‐oxprenolol. A dose‐dependent attenuation of weight and lean mass loss by S‐oxprenolol was seen in the Yoshida rat model, whereas R‐oxprenolol had only had a significant effect on fat mass. S‐oxprenolol also non‐significantly reduced weight loss in the LLC model and also improved muscle function (grip strength 428 ± 25 and 539 ± 37 g/100 g body weight for placebo and S‐oxprenolol, respectively). However, there was only a minor effect on quality of life indicators food intake and spontaneous activity in the Yoshida model (25 mg/kg/S‐oxprenolol: 11.9 ± 2.5 g vs placebo: 4.9 ± 0.8 g, P = 0.013 and also vs 25 mg/kg/d R‐oxprenolol: 7.5 ± 2.6 g, P = 0.025). Both enantiomers had no effects on cardiac dimensions and function at the doses used in this study. Western blotting of proteins involved in the anabolic/catabolic homoeostasis suggest that anabolic signalling is persevered (IGF‐1 receptor, Akt) and catabolic signalling is inhibited (FXBO‐10, TRAF‐6) by S‐pindolol, but not he R‐enantiomer. Expression of glucose transporters Glut1 and Glut 4 was similar in all groups, as was AMPK.ConclusionsS‐oxprenolol is superior to R‐oxprenolol in cancer cachexia animal models and shows promise for a human application in cancer cachexia.
Implementation of game‐based training in oral rehabilitation of edentulous patients in an undergraduate dental course
Authors: Tuil Naomi , Lescaille Geraldine , Jordan Laurence , Berteretche Marie‐Violaine , Braud Adeline 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundCoronavirus disease‐19 dramatically changed the learning conditions of dental students, with restricted access to training sessions and clinical practice. The “Playdent” project proposed the integration of serious games (SGs) in the third‐year curriculum, based on tailor‐made scenarios questioning the first dental visit of edentulous patients, and examined whether training with the games would advance students’ learning outcomes.Materials and methodsTest scores of 89 students, allocated either to a “test” group that accessed SGs during a 4‐week test period in addition to conventional lectures or to a “control” group that benefited solely from conventional lectures, were measured before and immediately after the test period. The subsequent satisfaction of students was assessed in the “test” group.ResultsScores obtained after the 4‐week period significantly increased within the “test” group (11.1% ± 24.9%, p = 0.04, degree of freedom [df] = 30) while they did not change within the “control” group (p = 0.21, df = 57). Qualitative feedback expressed by students who played SGs during the 4‐week period demonstrated that 71% of them rated the SGs as satisfactory and 91% of them judged the consistency of SGs content with lectures to be satisfactory.ConclusionGame‐based learning showed a positive impact on the learning outcomes of third‐year students. Qualitative assessments provide insights into the pertinence of SGs offered in addition to traditional lectures of third‐year complete denture courses. SGs may consolidate skills in oral rehabilitation acquired through traditional passive learning formats proposed in preclinical courses.
Perfluorooctanoic acid uptake in the mustard species Brassica juncea
Authors: Wattier Bryanna D. , Gonzales Annelise K. , Martinez Nicole E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPerfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), a surfactant, is a member of the perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) family and is a contaminant of emerging concern for human and environmental health. Perfluorooctanoic acid is a persistent organic pollutant, but currently little is known about (a) the potential ecological and toxicological effects of PFOA and (b) how PFOA moves in the environment. This study uses a radiotracer (14C‐PFOA) to study the uptake and translocation of PFOA in hydroponically grown brown mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.], a representative crop species. Plants were exposed in quadruplicate over the course of 7 d (with plants sampled on Days 4 and 7) to PFOA concentrations of 0, 1, 5, 10, and 15 mg L−1. Uptake was quantified via liquid scintillation counting of samples from the nutrient solution, roots, stems, and leaves. Transfer factors (roots to shoots) ranged from 0.15 to 4.73 kg kg−1. Bioconcentration factors (solution to plant) ranged from 0.36 to 62.29 L kg−1. Factors were influenced by plant compartment, day sampled, and treatment level.
Psychology of the Lvov‐Warsaw School and the shape of postcommunist Polish psychology (unfinished dialog with Brentanian tradition)
Authors: Citlak Amadeusz 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article presents the development of Polish psychology from the perspective of the most important intellectual formation in Poland—the Lvov‐Warsaw School of Kazimierz Twardowski. The representatives of the school played an extraordinary role in the history of Polish psychology in the first half of the 20th century. Unfortunately, this influence was halted by the outbreak of the war in 1939 and by communist oppression and propaganda after the war. After 1989, Polish psychology underwent a deep transformation in the spirit of Western psychology but with no continuation of the most significant achievements of Twardowski's School. Although this process has integrated Polish psychologists into the mainstream of psychology in the world, it has not led to the integration of one of the most original European psychological traditions into world psychology.
The intensity of anticoagulant dosing in hospitalized patients with COVID‐19: An observational, comparative effectiveness study
Authors: Myers Laura C. , Xu Stanley , Chen Aiyu , Greene John D. , Creekmur Beth , Bruxvoort Katia , Escobar Gabriel J. , Adams John L. , Langer‐Gould Annette , Liu Vincent X. , Gould Michael K. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe question of anticoagulant dosing in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) is unresolved, with randomized trials showing mixed results and heterogeneity of treatment effects for in‐hospital death.ObjectiveTo examine the association between the intensity of anticoagulation and clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID‐19.Design, Setting and ParticipantsRetrospective cohort study of patients with COVID‐19 and respiratory impairment who were hospitalized between 3/1/2020‐12/31/2020 in two Kaiser Permanente regions.Exposure and Main OutcomeWe fit propensity score models using categorical regression to estimate the probability of receiving standard prophylactic, intermediate, or full‐dose anticoagulation beginning on the day of admission or on the day of first respiratory deterioration. Exposure was defined by the highest dose on the day of admission or within 24 hours after deterioration. The primary outcome was in‐hospital death.ResultsWe included 17,130 patients in the day of admission analysis and 4,924 patients who experienced respiratory deterioration. There were no differences in propensity score‐adjusted odds of in‐hospital death for patients who received either intermediate (odds ratio [OR]: 1.00, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 0.89–1.12) or full anticoagulation (OR: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.85–1.17) compared with standard prophylaxis beginning on the day of admission. Similarly, there were no differences in in‐hospital death for either intermediate (OR: 1.22, 95% CI: 0.82–1.82) or full anticoagulation (OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 0.90–2.51) compared with standard prophylaxis on the day of deterioration.ConclusionResults of this real‐world, comparative effectiveness study showed no differences in in‐hospital death among newly admitted or deteriorating patients with COVID‐19 who received intermediate‐dose or full anticoagulation compared with standard prophylaxis.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Australian oncology health professionals on complementary medicines
Authors: Keene Martin R. , Heslop Ian M. , Sabesan Sabe S. , Glass Beverley D. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundApproximately half of people with cancer are using complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), presenting safety concerns due to potential interactions with conventional cancer treatment. Oncology staff have a role to play in ensuring the safe use of CAMs and so, this study examined their knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding CAMs.AimThis study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Australian doctors, nurses, and pharmacists regarding CAM use in oncology.MethodMembers of three national oncology professional associations took part in an online questionnaire, which determined their knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding CAM.ResultsNinety‐nine completed surveys were obtained from nine doctors, 70 nurses, and 20 pharmacists. Most respondents (68.4%) felt that they did not have adequate knowledge of CAMs to respond to patients' questions. Assessment of attitudes found respondents generally believed that CAMs have a complementary role in oncology but indicated their concerns for the safety of patients. Respondents indicated in practice they would discuss CAMs with less than half of patients (40.6%), with a lack of scientific data and guidelines for CAM use presenting significant barriers to these discussions.ConclusionOur study suggests that oncology health professionals' knowledge of CAMs potentially leads to a lack of confidence in providing advice to patients and concerns for patient safety. This impacts their discussion of CAMs and lack of disclosure from patients about their use of CAMs. Education on CAMs in oncology would assist in increasing professionals' confidence in discussing these therapies, leading to increased patient disclosure of CAMs and safer treatment decision making for people with cancer.