bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of spatial structure of urban agglomerations on green development: Evidence from China
Authors: Xuanting li , Xiaohong Wang , Shaopeng Zhang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Spatial structure reflects physical urban agglomerations development and may have economic, societal, and environmental spillover effects. As China pays more attention to the construction of an ecological civilization and the green high-quality development of urban agglomerations, it is urgent to explore the impact of the spatial structure of urban agglomerations on green development. By using panel data of China’s 16 urban agglomerations from 2004 to 2019, this study analyzes the dynamic impact, nonlinear relationship, mediating mechanism of spatial structure of urban agglomerations on green development. It is indicated that the spatial structure of urban agglomerations has a significant negative influence on green development, but there is a positive spatial spillover effect on green development in neighboring areas. And the results of the dynamic threshold model show that diverse environmental regulation intensities lead to different influences of spatial structure on green development. Moreover, technological innovation plays a partly mediating role in the relationship between the centrality of urban agglomerations and green development.
Clinical symptoms in pre-COVID 19 pandemic versus COVID 19 pandemic samples of Italian university students
Authors: R Cerutti , V Spensieri , S Amendola , GS Biuso , A Renzi , A Gambardella , R Tambelli 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND
Recent studies on the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic have revealed that university students are in a more vulnerable position in terms of their mental health. METHODS: The aim of this study is to examine differences in clinical symptoms and psychological distress comparing two groups of university students seeking psychological intervention at a University Psychological Counselling Center before the COVID-19 pandemic period and during the pandemic. A sample of 187 students was distributed into two groups: Pre-COVID-19 pandemic (n = 115) and COVID-19 Pandemic (n = 72). The Personality Inventory-Brief Form for DSM-5 was used to measure personality traits; the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised was used to assess clinical symptoms and the Outcome Questionnaire-45 explored important psychological distress.
RESULTS
Findings highlighted higher levels of clinical symptoms in COVID-19 pandemic students than in pre-pandemic ones. Conversely, the two groups did not differ in psychological distress. Data seems to confirm that the pandemic period had a negative impact on the mental health of university students seeking psychological help.
CONCLUSION
Findings indicate the need to monitor the clinical symptomatology of university students to prevent long-term psychopathology influencing academic functioning.
Probabilistic Assessment of the Interaction between Weather, COVID-19 and Exchange rate of Mumbai City in India using Archimedean Copulas
Authors: Barma Surajit Deb , Uttarwar Sameer Balaji , Mahesha Amai 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused an unprecedented health crisis across the world. When there is no specific solution available to tackle the pandemic, there is an urgency to know the pertinent factors like weather and its interaction with the number of daily cases and impact on the economy. The purpose of this investigation is to determine the probabilistic assessment of mean temperature and relative humidity on the number of COVID-19 infected cases and its effect on the Indian Rupees (INR) exchange rate against US dollar for the city of Mumbai. The bivariate Archimedean copulas were applied to assess the conditional probability of the number of cases given mean daily temperature and relative humidity and also the conditional probability of INR exchange rate given the number of daily new cases. Though the number of cases and mean temperature are positively correlated, but the maximum probability of occurrence is just about 20% for Tmean < = 30ºC, 35ºC in the interval of 101–200 cases. The pattern of the likelihood of occurrence of the number of COVID-19 cases to the mean relative humidity is similar to that of the mean daily temperature except for RHmean < = 45% when the probability is almost negligible while moving from one interval to another of the number of cases. The maximum probability of occurrence is about 20% for RHmean < = 75% in the interval of 101–200 cases. Our results also reveal that the probability of occurrence of the Indian rupee depreciating to INR 76–77 range remained high, irrespective of the number of cases. A note of caution is that these conditional probability figures are not the absolute probable of occurrence, rather a percentage change of the conditional probability while moving from lower end to higher end values for a given interval.
Rapid cultivation of anammox sludge based on Ca-alginate cell beads
Authors: Gao Qi , Li Shan-Wei , Xie Yu-Jie , Zheng Min-Xue , Wei Jing , Luo Zhi-Jun , Zhou Xiang-Tong , Liu Zhi-Gang , Li Yan , Wu Zhi-Ren 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Current gel entrapment technology has certain advantages for the enrichment of anammox sludge. In this study, the optimal preparation conditions and cultivation equipment of Ca-alginate cell beads for the culturing anammox sludge were proposed. The preparation parameters of the Ca-alginate cell beads were as follows: 3% sodium alginate, 4% CaCl2, VSA:Vcell = 1:1, a drop height of 9 cm, stirring speed of 300 rpm, and cross-linking time of 24 h. The prepared cell beads were regular spheres with a uniform size and hard texture. Throughout the 9 days of cultivation, the number of anammox bacteria in the Ca-alginate cell beads was 4.3 times that of the initial sludge, and the color of the cell beads changed from yellowish-brown to reddish-brown. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed that the SA gel beads had a good microporous structure. The fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) results illustrated that the bacteria were mostly dispersed inside the Ca-alginate cell beads. Additionally, the qPCR results implied that only a relatively small amount of anammox biomass (2.74×106 copies/gel-bead) was required to quickly start the anammox process. The anammox bacteria in the Ca-alginate cell beads grew with a fast growth rate in a short period and exhibited high activity due to diffusion limitations. In addition, the anammox bacteria cultivated in the Ca-alginate cell beads could adapt to the increase in substrate concentration in a short period. The optimal incubation time of this gel entrapment method for anammox sludge was no more than 17 days under the experimental conditions of this work. Therefore, this simple and practicable gel entrapment method may serve as a suitable pre-culture means for the rapid enrichment of anammox bacteria.
Association of Nutrients, Specific Dietary Patterns, and Probiotics
with Age-related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Cao Yanqun , Li Yuli , Gkerdi Antonia , Reilly James , Tan Zhoujin , Shu Xinhua 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a complex disease that mainly affects those over 50 years old. Even though management of the vascularisation associated with the ‘’wet’’ form of AMD is effective using anti-VEGF drugs, there is currently no treatment for the ‘’dry’’ form of AMD. Given this, it is imperative to develop methods for disease prevention and treatment. For this review, we searched scientific articles via PubMed and Google Scholar, and considered the impact of nutrients, specific dietary patterns, and probiotics on the incidence and progression of AMD. Many studies revealed that regular consumption of foods that contain ω-3 fatty acids is associated with a lower risk for late AMD. Particular dietary patterns – such as the Mediterranean diet that contains ω-3 FAs-rich foods (nuts, olive oil and fish) – seem to be protective against AMD progression compared to Western diets that are rich in fats and carbohydrates. Furthermore, randomized controlled trials that investigated the role of nutrient supplementation in AMD have showed that treatment with antioxidants such as lutein/zeaxanthin, zinc, and carotenoids may be effective against AMD progression. More recent studies have investigated the association of the antioxidant properties of gut bacteria such as Bacteroides and Eysipelotrichi, with lower AMD risk in individuals whose microbiota is enriched with them. These are promising fields of research that may yield the capacity to improve quality of life for millions of people, allowing them to live with clear vision for longer and avoiding the high cost of vision-saving surgery.
Probiotics as an Adjuvant for Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers
through their Anti-inflammatory Effects: A Mechanistic Review
Authors: Javid Hossein , Karimi-Shahri Mehdi , Khorramdel Malihe , Mashhad Alireza S. , Tabrizi Ayda T. , Sathyapalan Thozhukat , Afshari Amir R. , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
The immune system's role in maintaining the health of the gastrointestinal
(GI) system is like a double-edged sword. Simultaneously, it could reduce the risk of
pathogen invasion by the inflammatory response. However, if regulated improperly, it
could also propagate oncogenic signaling that transfers a normal cell into the malignant
counterpart. Thus, several mechanisms have been proposed, such as the immune system
could disturb the GI homeostasis and increase the survival and proliferative capacity of
cells, leading to the formation of a wide range of malignancies. Among the endless list of
these mechanisms, inflammatory responses are currently fascinating research areas, as
this response regulation is by the gut microbiota. Given this, microbiota manipulation
might be a convenient and efficient way to prevent GI cancer. Probiotics could potentially
achieve this by overturning the milieu in favor of normal gut homeostasis. In addition
to the safety of the use of probiotics, along with their potential ability to interact with immune
system responses, these bacteria are also being analyzed from the perspective of dietary
supplements. In the present review, we aimed to look into the mechanisms through
which probiotics modulate immune response to stimulate anti-inflammatory responses
and promote immune surveillance against neoplastic cells.
Paravalvular Leak: A Systemic Review
Authors: Randall Morgan , Betageri Omkar , Hanayneh Seri , Anderson R. David 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Paravalvular Leak (PVL) refers to the retrograde flow of blood in the
space between an implanted cardiac valve and native tissue. These are unfortunately but luckily
relatively uncommon complications of prosthetic valve replacement that, especially when moderate
or severe, have important clinical consequences.

Objective:
Addressing PVL requires a multidisciplinary team to properly diagnose this process and
choose the corrective option most likely to result in success.

Methods:
A comprehensive literature search was undertaken to formulate this narrative review.

Results:
This review highlights the complex nature of PVL and the promising contemporary treatments
available.

Conclusion:
Clinicians should be adept at recognizing PVL and characterizing it using multimodality
imaging. Using the many available tools and a multidisciplinary approach should lead to favorable
outcomes in patients with PVL.
An Overview of Clinically Imperative and Pharmacodynamically Significant
Drug Interactions of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS)
Blockers
Authors: Balasubramanian Rajkapoor , Mohamed Pakkir Maideen Naina , Muthusamy Sudha , Nallasamy Venkateswaramurthy 
Published: May 2022

Introduction:
Hypertension is a leading cause of cardiovascular disease and chronic
kidney disease, resulting in premature death and disability. The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone
System (RAAS) blockers, including Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or Angiotensin
Receptor Blockers (ARBs), are used as first-line antihypertensive therapy to treat hypertensive
patients with comorbidities, including diabetes, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, and
chronic kidney disease. The use of RAS blockers is associated with the risks, such as hyperkalemia,
angioedema, etc. The drugs potentiating them interact pharmacodynamically, resulting in adverse
consequences. This review article focuses on the clinically important drug interactions of
RAAS blockers.

Materials and Methods:
The electronic databases, such as Medline/PubMed Central/PubMed,
Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ),
Embase, and reference lists were searched to identify relevant articles.

Results:
The risk of hyperkalemia may be enhanced potentially in patients receiving a RAS blocker
and potassium-sparing diuretics, potassium supplements, trimethoprim, adrenergic betablockers,
antifungal agents, calcineurin inhibitors, pentamidine, heparins or an NSAID, concomitantly.
The patients taking ACE inhibitors and mTOR inhibitors, DPP4 inhibitors, alteplase, or
sacubitril/valsartan concurrently may be at increased risk of developing angioedema.

Conclusion:
Clinicians, pharmacists, and other healthcare practitioners should be accountable for
medication safety. To avoid adverse implications, prescribers and pharmacists must be aware of
the drugs that interact with RAAS blockers.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell-based Therapy and Female Infertility: Limitations
and Advances
Authors: Ghajari Ghazal , Heydari Arefe , Ghorbani Masoud 
Published: May 2022

:
Infertility in women can be caused by various female reproductive diseases such as premature ovarian failure (POF), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis and Asherman syndrome that affect couples' quality of life and lead to mental, emotional, and physical problems. In recent years, clinical researchers have sought infertility treatments using new methods that are more effective and non-invasive than the old methods.
Today, stem cell-based therapy has been introduced as a promising method and an alternative to the old strategy of infertility treatment. Understanding the main features and functional perspective of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the future of infertility by physicians is crucial.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells with a high proliferation range, abundant source and multidirectional differentiation potential. They have high potential for the treatment of injured tissues in regenerative medicine through cell homing, secretion of active factors, and participation in immune regulation. At present, due to fewer ethical restrictions on the use of mesenchymal stem cells compared to embryonic stem cells, more attention has been paid to these cells as a new treatment for gynecological disorders. In this paper, we first review the various type of female reproductive disorders along with their common treatment methods, then we evaluate the recent advances in the application of MSCs in the diseases related to infertility and improve the reproductive health of women worldwide.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuate Sepsis-associated Acute Kidney Injury
by Changing the Balance of Th17 cells/Tregs via Gal-9/Tim-3
Authors: Luo Congjuan , Luo Feng , Man Xiaofei , liu Xuemei , Zhao Long , Che Lin , Zhang Wei , Guo Junjie , Cai Shixia , Wang Dawei , Xu Yan 
Published: May 2022

Objective:
The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of MSCs on
CLP-induced SA-AKI and determine the mechanisms of this effect.

Methods:
The expression of Gal-9 and Tim-3 was assayed by qPCR and western blot. IL-10, IL-17,
RORγt, and FOXP3 were assayed by qPCR and TNFα, INFγ, IL-4, and IL-6 were assayed by ELISA in
renal samples after CLP with or without MSCs treatment. The expression of Gal-9 in MSCs was knocked
down in vivo using RNA interference, and si-Gal-9-MSCs were injected in SA-AKI mice. The effect of
MSCs on the differentiation of lymphocytes into Th17 cells and Tregs was evaluated in vitro by FAC in
coculture of MSCs and CD4+ T cells and after blockade of the Gal-9/Tim-3 pathway.

Results:
MSCs decreased serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels and relieved tubular injury. Additionally,
MSCs significantly improved the survival rate and markedly attenuated the infiltration of neutrophils
and the levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-6 in the kidneys of septic mice (P < 0.05). Treatment with
MSCs also reduced the proportion of Th17 cells and the levels of IL-17 and RORγt (P < 0.05). In contrast,
MSCs increased the proportion of Tregs and the levels of IL-10 and FOXP3 related to these cells (P
< 0.05). Furthermore, we determined whether Gal-9/Tim-3 and Th17 cells/Tregs are involved in the protective
effects of MSCs in an SA-AKI model. The results of Western blot and real-time PCR indicated
that MSCs inhibited the expression of Tim-3 and increased the expression of gal-9 (P < 0.05). Knockdown
of gal-9 in MSCs using small interfering RNA blunted the therapeutic effect of MSCs, and blockade
of the Gal-9/Tim-3 pathway using α-lactose or anti-Tim-3 inhibited the induction of Tregs and suppressed
the inhibition of the differentiation to Th17 cells by MSCs after coculture of MSCs with CD4+ T
cells (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
Treatment with MSCs can protect against SA-AKI. The results suggested that the relieving
effect of MSCs against SA-AKI may be partially mediated by the induction of Tregs and inhibition of
Th17 cells via the Gal-9/Tim-3 pathway.
Examining the Mechanisms of Huachansu Injection on Liver Cancer
through Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Huang Chao-yuan , Cheng Yi-min , Li Wei , Huang Yuan-cheng , Luo Hu , Zhong Chong , Liu Feng-bin 
Published: May 2022

Objective:
The objective of this study is to explore the potential anti-liver cancer mechanism
of Huachansu injection through integrated bioinformatics analysis.

Methods:
Active ingredients of Huachansu injection (extraction of toad skin) were obtained, and
their potential drug targets were predicted via SwissTargetPrediction database. Liver cancer disease
targets were identified from the GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus) dataset and four public databases.
Then Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network of toad skin was constructed. GO (Gene Ontology)
enrichment analysis and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) enrichment analysis
were performed subsequently. Finally, molecular docking was performed using Auto Dock Vina.

Results:
In the search for therapeutic targets, twenty active components of toad skin were screened
for further study, five hundred and sixty-eight targets of components were identified. In the search for
disease targets, three thousand two hundred and twenty-seven genes were identified after removal of
duplicated genes, one hundred and fifty-nine genes were up-regulated in liver cancer samples while
two hundred and seventy-eight were down-regulated in liver cancer patients. After predicting the
therapeutic targets of the components, the results were cross-checked with the disease targets, thirteen
up-regulated targets and ten down-regulated targets were obtained. Finally, in the results of molecular
docking, seven targets (CDK1, AKR1B1, MMP12, AURKB, CHEK1, AURKA, TTK) were
potential up-regulated targets, three targets (SHBG, SRD5A2, NR1I2) were potential down-regulated
targets, all of which have the best binding energy and molecular interactions.

Conclusion:
CDK1, AKR1B1, MMP12, AURKB, CHEK1, AURKA, and TTK could be potential upregulated
target proteins of Huachansu injection for treating liver cancer. The mechanism of Huachansu
injection in the treatment of liver cancer through these up-regulated targets is related to cell cycle, cellular
senescence, viral carcinogenesis, p53 signaling pathway. SHBG, SRD5A2, and NR1I2 could be potential
down-regulated target proteins of Huachansu injection in treating liver cancer.
Recent Advances and Therapeutic Journey of Schiff Base Complexes with Selected
Metals (Pt, Pd, Ag, Au) as Potent Anticancer Agents: A Review
Authors: Khan Sikandar , Alhumaydhi Fahad A. , Ibrahim Munjed M. , Alqahtani Ali , Alshamrani Meshal , Alruwaili Abdullah S. , Hassanian Athar A. , Khan Sajad 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Schiff bases and their transition metal complexes play an important role in the field of medicine, in particular
in the treatment of cancer. Since the discovery of the cisplatin anticancer activity, great efforts have focused on the
rational design of metal-based anticancer drugs that can be potentially used for the treatment of cancer. However, drug
resistance and significant side effects greatly limit its clinical application. This has inspired medicinal chemists to
employ various strategies in the development of novel and effective anticancer drugs. Recently, a greater number of
transition metal complexes have been designed and evaluated for their anticancer activities, and some of them were at
different stages of clinical studies. Amongst these, platinum, palladium, gold and silver complexes have an important
place within medicinal and inorganic chemistry. This review article discusses Schiff bases and their complexes with
selected transition metals (Pd, Pt, Ag, Au) for anticancer activity against different cancer cell lines.
The Emerging Role of Marine Natural Products for the Treatment of
Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Deepika N.P. , Rahman Md. H. , Chipurupalli S. , Shilpa T.N. , Duraiswamy B. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Parkinson's Disease (PD), known as Parkinsonism, is a neurodegenerative disease that mainly affects the elderly and is characterized by an extensive and progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the Substantia Nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Owing to genetic, environmental, and lifestyle changes, the incidence of PD has recently risen among adults. The most widely used PD treatment strategies include the use of dopamine agonists, anticholinergics, and enzyme inhibitors. The aquatic flora and fauna have become the emerging source of novel, structurally diverse bioactive compounds and, at present, the researchers concentrate their efforts on isolating, characterizing, and identifying many secondary metabolites of different nature to treat various disorders, including, neuroprotective marine natural products (MNPs). The bioactive peptides, tannins, carotenoids, alkaloids, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and sulfated polysaccharides from the MNP’s and their synthetic derivatives have demonstrated important neuroprotective activity in preclinical studies through multiple mechanisms. An extensive literature survey was carried out, and published articles from PubMed, Scifinder, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus were carefully reviewed to compile information on the MNPs to treat PD. This current review focus on neuroprotective MNPs and their probable biological pathways to treat PD based on their structure and bioactivities reported from 1990 to 2020