bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combining reinforcement learning and conventional control to improve automatic guided vehicles tracking of complex trajectories
Authors: Sierra‐Garcia J. Enrique , Santos Matilde 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWith the rapid growth of logistics transportation in the framework of Industry 4.0, automated guided vehicle (AGV) technologies have developed speedily. These systems present two coupled control problems: the control of the longitudinal velocity, essential to ensure the application requirements such as throughput and tag time, and the trajectory tracking control, necessary to ensure the proper accuracy in loading and unloading manoeuvres. When the paths are very short or have abrupt changes, the kinematic constraints play a restrictive role, and the tracking control becomes more challenging. In this case, advanced control strategies such as those based on intelligent techniques, including machine learning (ML) can be useful. Hence, in this work, we present an intelligent hybrid control scheme that combines reinforcement learning‐based control (RLC) with conventional PI regulators to face both control problems simultaneously. On the one hand, PIs are used to control the speed of each wheel. On the other hand, the input reference of these regulators is calculated by the RLC in order to reduce the guiding error of the path tracking and to maintain the longitudinal speed. The latter is compared with a PID path following controller. The PID regulators have been tuned by genetic algorithms. The RLC allows the vehicle to learn how to improve the trajectory tracking in an adaptive way and thus, the AGV can face disturbances or unknown physical system parameters that may change due to friction and degradation of AGV mechanical components. Extensive simulation experiments of the proposed intelligent control strategy on a hybrid tricycle and differential AGV model, that considers the kinematics and the dynamics of the vehicle, prove the efficiency of the approach when following different demanding trajectories. The performance of the RL tracking controller in comparison with the optimized PID gives errors around 70% smaller, and the average maximum error is also 48% lower.
An E‐commerce prediction system for product allocation to bridge the gap between cultural analytics and data science
Authors: Singhal Shefali , Tanwar Poonam 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWith the emerging era of E‐commerce and online shopping, people are also in a habit to receive default product recommendations on the web pages that they access. Google is already providing such suggestions. Till now recommendations were made only based on previous sentiments or feedback or ratings, but this research has improved the product recommendation method by including one more parameter for the same. This article represents two parameters for making predictions of product allocation to a new customer. These parameters are ratings given by the existing users for that particular product and the region to which the new customer belongs. Following these parameters, a prediction model and an algorithm, Improved_Collab_Similarity, have been implemented. The dataset has been developed where India as a country along with all its States has been considered for products which are popular for their creation based on regional and ancient skills of the people belonging to that area. Results for the mentioned prediction model have been discussed in this article where generally precision increases with the increase in a number of products but at some points, it does not increase when a smaller number of that product was purchased by the customers.
New tree‐level temperature response curves document sensitivity of tree growth to high temperatures across a US‐wide climatic gradient
Authors: Gantois Joséphine 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTemperature is a key climate indicator, whose distribution is expected to shift right in a warming world. However, the high‐temperature tolerance of trees is less widely understood than their drought tolerance, especially when it comes to sub‐lethal impacts of temperature on tree growth. I use a large data set of annual tree ring widths, combined with a flexible degree day model, to estimate the relationship between temperature and tree radial growth. I find that tree radial growth responds non‐linearly to temperature across many ecoregions of the United States: across temperate and/or dry ecoregions, spring–summer temperature increases are beneficial or mostly neutral for tree growth up to around 25–30°C in humid climates and 10–15°C in dry climates, beyond which temperature increases suppress growth. Thirty additional degree days above the optimal temperature breakpoint lead to an average decrease in tree ring width of around 1%–5%, depending on ecoregions, seasons, and inclusion or exclusion of temperature‐mediated drought impacts. High temperatures have legacy effects across a 5‐year horizon in dry ecoregions, but none in the temperate‐humid South‐East or among temperature‐sensitive trees. I find limited evidence that trees acclimatize to high temperatures within their lifetime: local variation in early exposure to high temperatures, which stems from local variation in the timing of tree birth, does not significantly impact the response to high temperatures, although temperature‐sensitive trees acquire some heightened sensitivity from early exposure. I also find some evidence that trees adapt to high temperatures in the long run: across humid ecoregions of the United States, high temperatures are 40% less harmful to tree growth, where their average incidence is one standard deviation above average. Overall, these results highlight the strength of a new methodology which, applied to representative tree ring data, could contribute to predicting forest carbon uptake potential and composition under global change.
Stover and biochar can improve soil microbial necromass carbon, and enzymatic transformation at the genetic level
Authors: Zhang Yulan , Sun CaiXia , Wang ShuQiang , Xie Hongtu , Jiang Nan , Chen Zhenhua , Wei Kai , Bao Xuelian , Song Xueying , Bai Zhen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTo understand how stover incorporation affects the levels of soil carbon and its biogeochemistry process, we examined soil carbon and amino sugar carbon (AS‐C). Activity of N‐acetylglucosaminidase (NAGase) and the abundance (real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, RT‐qPCR) and communities of the bacterial chitinase‐encoding gene (chiA) were monitored. We implemented a maize cropping system, which included four treatments, i.e., chopped maize stover returned directly (SD), compost produced by maize stover (SC), biochar produced by maize stover (BC), and stover removal (CK). The results showed that BC and SD enhanced soil organic carbon (SOC), microbial biomass carbon:SOC, total AS‐C, glucosamine carbon, galactosamine carbon, NAGase activity, andchiAgene abundance significantly. There were significant positive correlations between the abundance of the soilchiAgene and NAGase activity. Biochar and stover treatments increased the number of total operational taxonomic units (OTUs), unique OTUs, and the chao 1 and ACE richness indices, but decreased the Shannon and Simpson diversity indices. The dominantchiA‐harboring bacterial phyla wereActinobacteria,Proteobacteria, andBacteroidetes. Some detectable genera inActinobacteriahad high relative abundance, includingStreptomyces,Actinoplanes, andAmycolatopsis. PLS‐DA and CCoA revealed that thechiAcommunity in the BC or SD plots was significantly different from that in the CK plots, and differences between BC and SD were not significant. Similar soil properties, diversity, and the abundance ofchiAwere observed between SC and CK. Greater abundance and diversity of thechiAgene with BC incorporation were associated with higher pH, SOC, and TN concentration. Soil pH was related to the composition and abundances of thechiA‐harboring microbial communities (CCA).
DAS GENIE IM SCHAFFEN NIETZSCHES
Authors: Kaufmann Sebastian 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTThe article aims to show the central importance of Friedrich Nietzsche to notions of genius in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. On the one hand, it considers the influence of idealised representations of Nietzsche (for example, in Thomas Mann and Gottfried Benn) as a genius marked by loneliness, illness, and finally madness. On the other hand, it seeks to trace the significance of ‘genius’ within Nietzsche's oeuvre. It transpires that genius as a concept is not only instrumental in the ‘self‐characterisations’ of Nietzsche's late works, but runs through his entire oeuvre, from early texts written around 1870 to the final period of 1888/9.
Effectiveness of root canal filling materials and techniques for treatment of apical periodontitis: A systematic review
Authors: Pirani Chiara , Camilleri Josette 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundApical periodontitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease of the apical periodontium as sequelae of pulp death. It is managed by disinfection and filling of the root canal space.ObjectivesThe aim of this systematic review was to investigate whether obturation techniques and materials used for root canal filling led to the management of AP.MethodsA systematic review protocol was written following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses (PRISMA) checklist and registered on the international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO; CRD42021260275) including two populations, interventions, comparisons, outcomes and time (PICOT) for the research questions querying the effectiveness of obturation techniques (PICOT 1) and materials (PICOT 2) for the management of AP. Electronic searches were conducted on PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Embase search engines. Searches on International Endodontic Journal, Journal of Endodontics, Clinical Oral Investigations, Journal of Dental Research and Journal of Dentistry websites were also conducted, until May 2021. Both primary (tooth survival) and secondary outcomes were evaluated. The risk of bias was assessed by Cochrane RoB2 for the randomized and ROBINS‐I for the nonrandomized trials.ResultsThe search strategy identified 1652 studies, with 1600 excluded on the title and abstract screening, leaving 52 studies for full‐text screening. In total, 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. The obturation technique and materials used did not affect the outcome of AP. Vertical compaction resulted in faster resolution of periapical lesions. The oral health‐related quality of life of patients treated with lateral condensation exhibited poorer outcomes compared with single matched cone after 6 months of recall.DiscussionThe inclusion and exclusion criteria used for this systematic review enabled the capture of all the literature available on the effect of obturation techniques and materials on the outcome of AP. The data were heterogenous, and a number of articles investigating obturation techniques had no information on the materials and techniques used as they looked at the quality of fill.ConclusionsIncluded studies did not find any difference between different procedures (PICOT 1) and materials (PICOT 2). The risk of bias was high, thus the findings should be interpreted with caution.RegistrationPROSPERO registration number: CRD42021260275.
STORABLE GOOD MARKET WITH INTERTEMPORAL COST VARIATIONS
Authors: Antoniou Fabio , Fiocco Raffaele 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe investigate a firm's dynamic pricing policy in a storable good market where the cost of production varies over time. In anticipation of a cost increase, the firm selects its prices to affect consumer storage. Price dynamics hinge upon the curvature of demand and the magnitude of the consumer storage cost. When demand is not too convex, the consumers' reluctance to store leads the firm to reduce prices to stimulate consumer storage. This shapes the firm's cost pass‐through and the price commitment effects. Our analysis provides a novel explanation for the well‐documented puzzling patterns of incomplete and negative cost pass‐through.
Emulsifying properties of homogenised soybean hull suspensions as stabilisers for oil/water emulsions
Authors: Yuan Zhiheng , Xu Xinyue , Xu Jiaxin , Zhu Danshi , Liu Jun , Liu He 
Published: June 2022

SummaryIn this work, the structural characteristics, physicochemical properties, and emulsifying properties of soybean hull suspension treated by high pressure homogenisation (HPH) were investigated. HPH significantly reduced the average particle size of pre‐ground soybean hulls (from 125.80 μm to 37.27 μm) and changed the shape of the particles from an irregular block‐like structure to a multi‐branched flake‐like structure. The resulting soybean hull particles increased water‐ and oil‐holding capacities (WHC and OHC), and improved particle wettability. Moreover, the viscosity and emulsifying properties of soybean hull suspension increased with increased homogenisation cycles. Oil/water (O/W) emulsions prepared with aqueous soybean hull suspensions of up to 2% (w/v) were resistant to emulsion coalescence, the droplet size was <10 μm and did not change significantly during 30 days of storage. The rheological measurements showed that the emulsions had predominantly gel‐like characteristics. These findings indicated that soybean hulls treated with HPH had good emulsifying and stabilising properties for O/W emulsions, which provided practical guidance on the high value‐added utilisation of soybean hull.
International changes in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) epidemiology during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Association with school closures
Authors: Billard Marie‐Noëlle , van de Ven Peter M. , Baraldi Bianca , Kragten‐Tabatabaie Leyla , Bont Louis J. , Wildenbeest Joanne G. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundLittle RSV activity was observed during the first expected RSV season since the COVID‐19 pandemic. Multiple countries later experienced out‐of‐season RSV resurgences, yet their association with non‐pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) is unclear. This study aimed to describe the changes in RSV epidemiology during the COVID‐19 pandemic and to estimate the association between individual NPIs and the RSV resurgences.MethodsRSV activity from Week (W)12‐2020 to W44‐2021 was compared with three pre‐pandemic seasons using RSV surveillance data from Brazil, Canada, Chile, France, Israel, Japan, South Africa, South Korea, Taiwan, the Netherlands and the United States. Changes in nine NPIs within 10 weeks before RSV resurgences were described. Associations between NPIs and RSV activity were assessed with linear mixed models. Adherence to NPIs was not taken into account.ResultsAverage delay of the first RSV season during the COVID‐19 pandemic was 39 weeks (range: 13–88 weeks). Although the delay was <40 weeks in six countries, a missed RSV season was observed in Brazil, Chile, Japan, Canada and South Korea. School closures, workplace closures, and stay‐at‐home requirements were most commonly downgraded before an RSV resurgence. Reopening schools and lifting stay‐at‐home requirements were associated with increases of 1.31% (p = 0.04) and 2.27% (p = 0.06) in the deviation from expected RSV activity.ConclusionThe first RSV season during the COVID‐19 pandemic was delayed in the 11 countries included. Reopening of schools was consistently associated with increased RSV activity. As NPIs were often changed concomitantly, the association between RSV activity and school closures may be partly attributed to other NPIs.
Redox chemistry of plutonium and plutonium surrogates in vitrified nuclear wastes
Authors: Darab John G. , Li Hong , Bucher Jerome J. , Icenhower Jonathan P. , Allen Patrick G. , Shuh David K. , Vienna John D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLanthanide borosilicate glasses containing Pu and the nonradioactive analog element Ce were subjects of an x‐ray absorption spectroscopy investigation to quantify the +3/+4 ratio of these redox‐sensitive elements. The data show that the dominant oxidation states are +4 for Pu and +3 for Ce. The data also indicate that the reductive potential of glasses can be quantified from a solution chemistry method adapted to glass chemistry, although allowances must be made for glass composition. These data can therefore be used to formulate glass compositions and processing schedules that lead to a controlled oxidation state of Pu in melts. Furthermore, the data show that Ce is a poor analog for Pu behavior in melts and that the suitability of surrogates can be assessed by the evaluation approach presented here. The method demonstrated in this paper can be used to estimate the oxidation states of a range of multi‐valent elements as functions of temperature and composition with data from only a single redox couple.
Inhibition of polycomb repressive complex 2 by targeting EED protects against cisplatin‐induced acute kidney injury
Authors: Yu Chao , Li Tingting , Li Jialu , Cui Binbin , Liu Na , Bayliss George , Zhuang Shougang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPolycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) is a multicomponent complex with methyltransferase activity that catalyzes trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me3). Interaction of the epigenetic reader protein EED with EZH2, a catalytic unit of PRC, allosterically stimulates PRC2 activity. In this study, we investigated the role and underlying mechanism of the PRC2 in acute kidney injury (AKI) by using EED226, a highly selective PRC2 inhibitor, to target EED. Administration of EED226 improved renal function, attenuated renal pathological changes, and reduced renal tubular cell apoptosis in a murine model of cisplatin‐induced AKI. In cultured renal epithelial cells, treatment with either EED226 or EED siRNA also ameliorated cisplatin‐induced apoptosis. Mechanistically, EED226 treatment inhibited cisplatin‐induced phosphorylation of p53 and FOXO3a, two transcriptional factors contributing to apoptosis, and preserved expression of Sirtuin 3 and PGC1α, two proteins associated with mitochondrial protection in vivo and in vitro. EED226 was also effective in enhancing renal tubular cell proliferation, suppressing expression of multiple inflammatory cytokines, and reducing infiltration of macrophages to the injured kidney. These data suggest that inhibition of the PRC2 activity by targeting EED can protect against cisplatin‐induced AKI by promoting the survival and proliferation of renal tubular cells and inhibiting inflammatory response.
A randomized, placebo‐controlled clinical trial of hydrogen/oxygen inhalation for non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Tao Geru , Zhang Guangjie , Chen Wei , Yang Chao , Xue Yazhuo , Song Guohua , Qin Shucun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNon‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide with increasing incidence consistent with obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. No approved medication was currently available for NAFLD treatment. Molecular hydrogen (H2), an anti‐oxidative, anti‐inflammatory biomedical agent is proved to exhibit therapeutic and preventive effect in various diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of hydrogen/oxygen inhalation on NAFLD subjects and explore the mechanism from the perspective of hepatocyte autophagy. We conducted a randomized, placebo‐controlled clinical trial of 13‐week hydrogen/oxygen inhalation (China Clinical Trial Registry [#ChiCTR‐IIR‐16009114]) including 43 subjects. We found that inhalation of hydrogen/oxygen improved serum lipid and liver enzymes. Significantly improved liver fat content detected by ultrasound and CT scans after hydrogen/oxygen inhalation was observed in moderate–severe cases. We also performed an animal experiment based on methionine and choline‐deficient (MCD) diet‐induced mice model to investigate effect of hydrogen on mouse NASH. Hydrogen/oxygen inhalation improved systemic inflammation and liver histology. Promoted autophagy was observed in mice inhaled hydrogen/oxygen and treatment with chloroquine blocked the beneficial effect of hydrogen. Moreover, molecular hydrogen inhibited lipid accumulation in AML‐12 cells. Autophagy induced by palmitic acid (PA) incubation was further promoted by 20% hydrogen incubation. Addition of 3‐methyladenine (3‐MA) partially blocked the inhibitory effect of hydrogen on intracellular lipid accumulation. Collectively, hydrogen/oxygen inhalation alleviated NAFLD in moderate–severe patients. This protective effect of hydrogen was possibly by activating hepatic autophagy.
The renoprotective effect of once‐weekly GLP‐1 receptor agonist dulaglutide on progression of nephropathy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes and moderate to severe chronic kidney disease (JDDM67)
Authors: Tsuchida Ken‐ichi , Taneda Shinji , Yokota Isao , Okada Kazufumi , Kurihara Yoshio , Yokoyama Hiroki , Iwamoto Masahiro , Yamazaki Katsuya , Ishigaki Yasushi , Manda Naoki , Maegawa Hiroshi ,   Japan Diabetes Clinical Data Management Study Group (JDDM study group)
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTAims/IntroductionFew studies have investigated the renoprotective effect of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) receptor in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study evaluated the effect of dulaglutide 0.75 mg on renal function in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes and CKD stage 3 to 4.Materials and MethodsDulaglutide (group A) and non‐dulaglutide (group B) were compared using data collected from a computerized diabetes care database. For group B, propensity score weighting based on propensity scores was performed. Evaluation items were a change from baseline in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), body weight, urine albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio (UACR), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), for 3 years.ResultsIn total, the data obtained from 255 patients (125 and 130 patients for group A and B, respectively) were analyzed. Propensity score‐adjusted patient background characteristics (group A vs B) were age 70.8 vs 69.4 years, body weight 70.2 vs 72.9 kg, body mass index 27.3 vs 28.1 kg/m2, HbA1c 8.4 vs 8.5%, eGFR 47.9 vs 47.7 mL/min/1.73 m2, and UACR 218 vs 251 mg/gCr. Although there were no statistically significant differences in the change from baseline between groups A and B at most time points in eGFR, a statistically significant eGFR decline in group B was observed in slope analysis for 3 years. This renoprotective effect was marked in patients with macro‐albuminuria and/or concomitant SGLT2 inhibitor use.ConclusionsDulaglutide slowed the eGFR decline in patients with type 2 diabetes and CKD stage 3 to 4.