bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Europol’s Cybercrime Centre (EC3), its Agreements with Third Parties and the Growing Role of Law Enforcement on the European Security Scene
Authors: Vendius Trine Thygesen 
Published: August 2022

Europol’s Cybercrime Centre (EC3), its Agreements with Third Parties and the Growing Role of Law Enforcement on the European Security Scene
The European Cyber Crime Centre, EC3, established under the umbrella of Europol, started operations on January 1 2013. It is to act as the focal point in the fight against cybercrime in the European Union. Using a “shared, cross-community approach” the EC3 is concluding partnerships with member states, European agencies, international partners and the private sector. This article describes the coming about of EC3 and its efforts to address cybercrime. Furthermore, the article is an attempt to assess the growing role of the European law enforcement community on the European security scene, this not least in view of the EC3’s mandate to conclude strategic agreements with a fairly high degree of autonomy.
On the Borders of Legitimacy
Authors: Litmanovitz Yael , Montgomery Paul 
Published: August 2022

On the Borders of Legitimacy: Procedural Justice Training in the Israeli Border Police
The just behaviour of police officers in their interactions with citizens has been demonstrated as an antecedent of police legitimacy in Western democracies and beyond. As this paradigm gains prominence, the implementation of procedural justice interventions should be examined in order to better focus policy efforts in varied contexts. This article draws on a study of training in the Israeli Border Police to propose four factors that may influence the efficacy of procedural justice interventions in deeply divided societies: the perceptions of police officers regarding the minority group as deserving a relationship based on legitimacy; the depth of the existing deficit in legitimacy within that group; the paramilitary attributes of the police organisation; and high policing tasks, specifically protests, as discouraging dialogue. Highlighting these factors is of value to the successful delivery of interventions and advances understanding of police legitimacy in different contexts.
Inter-organisational Relationships Addressing Transnational Criminality: Suggested Benchmarks
Authors: Shortt Richard 
Published: August 2022

Inter-organisational Relationships Addressing Transnational Criminality: Suggested Benchmarks. Intelligence and law enforcement inter-organisational relationship policy and practice benchmarks arising from case studies of Denmark, Finland and New Zealand
Following over a decade of focus on terrorism and transnational criminality, how have three ‘intermediate capacity’ countries (Denmark, Finland and New Zealand) structured their intelligence and law enforcement inter-organisational relationships to respond to such wicked problems? This article presents the results of case studies regarding Denmark, Finland and New Zealand that examined the inter-organisational arrangements between the countries intelligence and law enforcement agencies. The case studies used publicly available secondary sources from the period 1 January 2007–31 December 2012 to obtain data for analysis. The data was analysed using research that had established the types of inter-organisational relationships organisations can have to determine the relationships occurring in each of the countries. The results of the case studies establish that the three countries are committed to a variety of cooperative, coordinated and collaborative relationships.
Different ways of acting and different ways of knowing? The cultures of policeacademic partnerships in a multi-site and multi-force study
Authors: Greene Alan , Skinns Layla 
Published: August 2022

Different ways of acting and different ways of knowing? The cultures of policeacademic partnerships in a multi-site and multi-force study
The purpose of this paper is to add to the growing body of literature on police-academic partnerships, which has emerged over the last thirty years. Using a multi-force and multi-site study of ‘good’ police custody practices, as a case study, we examine the cultures of police-academic partnerships through the concepts of “ways of acting” and “ways of knowing” (Canter, 2004). In terms of ways of acting, we examine differences that arose whilst forming police-academic relationships and accessing multiple forces and custody facilities. In terms of ways of knowing, we examine differences in academic and police theorization about police-citizen relationships. It is argued that different ways of acting – rooted in the cultural, but also organisational and structural contexts of policing and academia – created challenges for the research and for police-academic relationships. By contrast, different ways of knowing contributed to helpful synergies between the two authors, helping the police author to see his work anew and aiding the academic author with the theorization process. One of the key lessons from this case study is that theory development should be seen as foundational to, and as strengthening of, police-academic partnerships.
Recent developments in police governance and current issues surrounding police service delivery in England and Wales
Authors: Loveday Barry 
Published: August 2022

Recent developments in police governance and current issues surrounding police service delivery in England and Wales
The article provides a critical assessment of the reformed structure of police governance in England and Wales. It considers the impact of directly elected Police and Crime Commissioners on the determination of local policing priorities and community interests and contrasts the powers exercised by PCC with that of the police authorities they replaced. It considers the limitations exhibited within the earlier ‘tripartite’ governance of the police in England and Wales and the implications of this for the accountability of the police service. It identifies the significance of the move from highly centralised policing to a fully devolved system which the arrival of PCCs represents. It draws attention to the continuing commitment by central government to devolution particularly in relation to the introduction of directly elected mayors to the Metro areas which are, in the near future, expected to take responsibility for the police service along with other strategic services. It thereafter considers current challenges to police delivery of service arising from both the significant increase in non-criminal incidents to which the police must now respond. It explores the ever increasing engagement of the police in response to mental health incidents in the community. It identifies in relation to this the remarkable increase in the roll out of tasers to the police and the implications of this for the protection of vulnerable members of the community.
Policing excellence and prevention first: A model for transforming police service delivery
Authors: den Heyer Garth 
Published: August 2022

Policing excellence and prevention first: A model for transforming police service delivery
In response to the changing operating environment, the New Zealand Police established a change management program called the Comprehensive Approach to Police Excellence. This program became known as Policing Excellence and included eleven separate initiatives designed to facilitate the transfer of policing activities from reactive to preventative policing. It was intended that the implementation of the program would result in the reduction of victimization and offending and would improve community safety. The premise was that police would be better able to manage future demand through the reallocation of resources and the realization of the program’s benefits. By the middle of 2014, the program had achieved a 13 percent reduction in recorded crime and a 19 percent reduction in prosecutions. This article examines the impact that the program has had on the delivery of police services and the level of crime in New Zealand.
Changing stop and search in Scotland
Authors: O’Neill Megan , Aston Elizabeth 
Published: August 2022

Changing stop and search in Scotland
Compared to other areas in the UK, stop and search in Scotland was on a disproportionately large scale prior to 2015 and targeted children and young people. Scottish police officers conducted more non-statutory searches than statutory, putting into question the legitimacy of this tactic. In response to external pressures, a revised approach to stop and search was developed and piloted in the Fife Division of Police Scotland from June 2014 to January 2015. Our evaluation of this pilot found that while some elements were an improvement on current practice, the use of non-statutory searches and disproportionate searches of children continued. Since our evaluation, practice in stop and search in Scotland has undergone dramatic change. This paper will discuss the contribution of the Fife Pilot and our evaluation to changes to stop and search in Scotland. It will consider the relevance of procedural justice to developments in this area of service delivery, which will be of benefit to practitioners and policy makers internationally.
Een onderzoek naar tip- en beloningsgelden
Authors: Brinkhoff Sven , Kolthoff Emile , Mensink Jeroen , Malsch Marijke 
Published: August 2022

Motives to report serious crime to the police: what role does money play? A research into tip and reward money
When investigating serious crime, the police and the Public Prosecution Service (Openbaar Ministerie) may use information supplied to them by civilians.. These citizens can be run as informants by a police intelligence service or they provide information to the police in response to a promised reward. Following the discussion about a possible increase in tip and reward money, an exploratory study was conducted into the role of money in citizens‘ considerations in informing the police about serious crime. This contribution reports on this research. Based on the research, it is concluded that increasing tipping fees does not by definition lead to more and/or better information in concrete criminal investigations. On the other hand, increasing tip fees for intelligence information (information intended to obtain a more general picture of a certain crime phenomenon at regional and/or national level) will lead to more information.
Stand van zaken jurisprudentie Dienstenrichtlijn. En hoe straks onder de Omgevingswet?
Authors: de Vries H.J. (Henk) 
Published: August 2022

Stand van zaken jurisprudentie Dienstenrichtlijn. En hoe straks onder de Omgevingswet?
Het redactioneel bespreekt de stand van zaken van de jurisprudentie over de Dienstenrichtlijn en de gevolgen van de inwerkingtreding van de Omgevingswet voor de Dienstenrichtlijn.
Omgevingswet en mobiliteit: verduurzaming van woon-werkverkeer en zakelijk verkeer door middel van het Besluit werkgebonden personenmobiliteit
Authors: van Angeren J.R. (Jan Reinier) , van ’t Lam V.M.Y. (Valérie) 
Published: August 2022

Omgevingswet en mobiliteit: verduurzaming van woon-werkverkeer en zakelijk verkeer door middel van het Besluit werkgebonden personenmobiliteit
In dit artikel bespreken de auteurs de juridische grondslag van de verplichtingen van het Besluit werkgebonden personenmobiliteit en wat de consequenties zijn voor de praktijk. Dit besluit verplicht ondernemingen met meer dan honderd werknemers onder meer om gegevens aan te leveren over het woon-werkverkeer en zakelijke verkeer van werknemers. Ook komt er een gezamenlijk CO2-plafond voor werkgevers met honderd of meer werknemers.
INTERNATIONALIZATION AND VIRTUAL COLLABORATION: INSIGHTS FROM COIL EXPERIENCES
Authors: Hildeblando Júnior Carlos Alberto , Finardi Kyria Rebeca 
Published: August 2022

The aim of this study is to analyze possibilities and limitations of the Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL) approach to foster international collaboration between higher education institutions (HEIs) so as to boost their internationalization process. With that aim, a documental meta-analysis of twenty-three case studies carried out in 2012 by the Global Center of the State University of New York (SUNY) were reviewed and discussed in terms of the potential of COIL to foster the development of global learning, social capital, and international academic collaboration between international HEIs. Results of the analysis suggest that COIL is an approach that can promote online academic mobility and international collaboration as well as enhance intercultural competence when combined with the Intercomprehension Approach (IA) to enable the use of different foreign languages.
PREPARATION OF LEARNING OUTCOMES BASED ON THE PROTOTYPE CURRICULUM AT PAUD MUTIARA FOR THE 2022/2023 SCHOOL YEAR
Authors: Yustina Hasti , Agnafia Desi Nuzul , Normila Normila , Fataruba Iswandi 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
The new curriculum is needed as a way out of the learning process that is in line with the demands of the times and pandemic conditions, where changes in regulations and the learning process can occur at any time. This paper aims to explain the concept of the Prototype Curriculum at the PAUD level which is implemented in PAUD Mutiara Yogyakarta for the 2022/2023 Academic Year. This research uses a normative or literature approach, with primary data sources in the form of documents related to the research focus. The results showed that through the Driving School Program, a new curriculum concept called the Prototype Curriculum was obtained. At the PAUD level, the learning process is directed at 3 (three) Learning Outcomes (CP), namely: religious values and ethics; identity; the basis of STEAM literacy (science, technology, engineering, art, mathematics). Learning Outcomes themselves have been previously known through the 2013 Curriculum with the terms Basic Competencies (KD) and Core Competencies (KI).

Abstrak
Kurikulum baru ini diperlukan sebagai jalan keluar dari proses pembelajaran yang sejalan dengan tuntutan zaman dan kondisi pandemi, dimana perubahan regulasi dan proses pembelajaran dapat terjadi sewaktu-waktu. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan konsep Kurikulum Prototipe di tingkat PAUD yang diterapkan di PAUD Mutiara Yogyakarta untuk Tahun Akademik 2022/2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan normatif atau literatur, dengan sumber data primer berupa dokumen yang berkaitan dengan fokus penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa melalui Program Driving School diperoleh konsep kurikulum baru yang disebut Kurikulum Prototipe. Pada tingkat PAUD, proses pembelajaran diarahkan pada 3 (tiga) Capaian Pembelajaran (CP), yaitu: nilai-nilai agama dan etika; identitas; dasar literasi STEAM (sains, teknologi, teknik, seni, matematika). Capaian Pembelajaran sendiri sebelumnya telah dikenal melalui Kurikulum 2013 dengan istilah Kompetensi Dasar (KD) dan Kompetensi Inti (KI).
RECONSTRUCTION OF THE PESANTREN LAW IN THE FRAME OF PESANTREN INDEPENDENCE
Authors: Siraj Siraj , Prayogi Arditya , Rofiki Moh. , Kalbuana Nawang 
Published: August 2022

Pesantren in the annals of history plays an important role in the world of education, economics and politics. The economy of pesantren has fundamentally prepared itself as an organizational independence in maintaining its existence. The MORA regulation hints at the independence of pesantren with a roadmap of independence as the main guideline. Meanwhile, the Pesantren Law has not specifically mentioned this. This paper seeks to explain the implementation of the independence of pesantren and the need for reconstruction of the Pesantren Law in the perspective of the pesantren m andirian. This research uses a literature approach. The results of the study show the need for a discourse on the reconstruction of articles in the Pesantren Law in line with the pesantren independence program and the programs or technical implementations under it, starting from the funding of pesantren, the roadmap for pesantren independence, to technical guidelines for pesantren business assistance.

Abstrak
Pesantren dalam catatan sejarah memainkan peran penting dalam dunia pendidikan, ekonomi dan politik. Ekonomi pesantren pada dasarnya telah mempersiapkan diri sebagai independensi organisasi dalam mempertahankan eksistensinya. Peraturan Kemenag mengisyaratkan independensi pesantren dengan roadmap kemerdekaan sebagai pedoman utama. Sementara itu, UU Pesantren belum secara spesifik menyebutkan hal tersebut. Tulisan ini berupaya menjelaskan pelaksanaan independensi pesantren dan perlunya rekonstruksi UU Pesantren dalam perspektif pesantren m andirian. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlunya wacana rekonstruksi pasal-pasal dalam UU Pesantren sejalan dengan program kemandirian pesantren dan program atau teknis pelaksanaan di bawahnya, mulai dari pendanaan pesantren, roadmap kemandirian pesantren, hingga petunjuk teknis bantuan usaha pesantren
NAQSABANDIYAH BANTUL IN THE DIARY OF PSYCHOLOGY
Authors: Samidi Samidi , Lukman Lukman , Dwi Mukti Fajar 
Published: August 2022

Tarekat is an activity in an effort to draw closer to Allah through self-purification in accordance with the teachings exemplified by the Messenger of Allah the companions, and the tabii'n, who are guided by a mursyid. In the view of psychology, the psyche as the essence of man requires satisfaction, which in the concept of order can be obtained through closeness to the Creator. This paper aims to explain the activities of the naqsabandiyah order in religious activities, to be further seen in the perspective of psychology. This research is a type of field research. Data collection through interviews, observations and documentation. Data analysis is carried out descriptively by triangulation. The results showed that the dhikr carried out by the Naqsabandiyah order contains elements of catharsis (venting of hidden emotions) and insight (awareness of something that can happen). The harmony of human life psychologically can be achieved one of which is through maturity or spiritual intelligence. A new finding in this study is the conformity of the purpose of dhikr in the Naqsabandiyah order with the concept of existential psychology pioneered by Victor E Frankl, where basically humans need happiness and meaningfulness in their lives.

Abstrak
Tarekat merupakan kegiatan dalam upaya mendekatkan diri kepada Allah melalui penjernihan diri sesuai dengan ajaran yang dicontohkan oleh Rasulullah para sahabat, dan tabii'n, yang dibimbing oleh seorang mursyid. Dalam pandangan psikologi, jiwa sebagai esensi manusia membutuhkan kepuasan, yang dalam konsep keteraturan dapat diperoleh melalui kedekatan dengan Sang Pencipta. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan kegiatan ordo naqsabandiyah dalam kegiatan keagamaan, agar dapat dilihat lebih lanjut dalam perspektif psikologi. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian lapangan. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif dengan triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dzikir yang dilakukan oleh ordo Naqsabandiyah mengandung unsur katarsis (pelampiasan emosi tersembunyi) dan wawasan (kesadaran akan sesuatu yang dapat terjadi). Keharmonisan kehidupan manusia secara psikologis dapat dicapai salah satunya melalui kedewasaan atau kecerdasan spiritual. Temuan baru dalam penelitian ini adalah kesesuaian tujuan dzikir dalam tatanan Naqsabandiyah dengan konsep psikologi eksistensial yang dipelopori oleh Victor E Frankl, dimana pada dasarnya manusia membutuhkan kebahagiaan dan kebermaknaan dalam hidupnya.
ROŚLINNE ZWIĄZKI BARWNE, ICH WŁAŚCIWOŚCI BIOLOGICZNE ORAZ MOŻLIWOŚCI WYTWARZANIA W KULTURACH IN VITRO
Authors: Bołonkowska Olga , Pietrosiuk Agnieszka , Sykłowska-Baranek Katarzyna 
Published: August 2022

W pracy opisano występowanie, biosyntezę, budowę chemiczną, właściwości farmakologiczne, zastosowanie oraz biotechnologiczne wytwarzanie w kulturach in vitro najważniejszych barwników roślinnych.
Effect of Irrigation Depths and Salinity Levels on the Growth and Production of Forage Palm Orelha de Elefante Mexicana
Authors: de Oliveira Pereira Mariana , Garcia Ramos Jailton , Alberto Vieira de Azevedo Carlos , Alisson Rodrigues da Silva André , Soares de Lima Geovani , Marcelo Fallé Saboya Luciano , Ferreira da Silva Patrícia , Bastos Lyra Gustavo 
Published: August 2022

Although the adaptation of forage palm to the Brazilian semi-arid, it may be influenced by soil and climatic conditions of this region, irregular rainy periods, high annual evapotranspiration and soils with a low water retention capacity. These factors may reduce crop production during dry seasons, including forage. The present research aimed at analyzing the effect of irrigation with different water depths and levels of salinity on Orelha de Elefante Mexicana cultivar. The study was carried out in pots in the Federal University of Campina Grande, from September 2017 to December 2018. Experimental design was randomized blocks in a factorial scheme 4 x 4, with 4 replications. Four irrigation water depths were applied (25, 50, 75, and 100%), as a function of water retention capacity of soil and four levels of electrical conductivity: 0.60; 3.00; 5.40 and 7.80 dS m−1. Morphometric and production variables were evaluated. Plant growth was not affected by irrigation water depth and levels of salinity, except the thickness of secondary cladode. Primary cladodes showed the greatest average values (4.03 cladodes) for 376.00 mm depth. The other variables evaluated did not present significant effects under treatments. Saline water did not affect the total production of the cultivar.
Investigations of Using an Intelligent ANFIS Modeling Approach for a Li-Ion Battery in MATLAB Implementation: Case Study
Authors: Tudoroiu Roxana-Elena , Zaheeruddin Mohammed , Tudoroiu Nicolae , Mihai Radu Sorin 
Published: August 2022

This research paper will propose an incentive topic to investigate the accuracy of an adaptive neuro-fuzzy modeling approach of lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries used in hybrid electric vehicles and electric vehicles. Based on this adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) modeling approach, we will show its effectiveness and suitability for modeling the nonlinear dynamics of any process or control system. This new ANFIS modeling approach improves the original nonlinear battery model and an alternative linear autoregressive exogenous input (ARX) polynomial model. The alternative ARX is generated using the least square errors estimation method and is preferred for its simplicity and faster implementation since it uses typical functions from the MATLAB system identification toolbox. The ARX and ANFIS models’ effectiveness is proved by many simulations conducted on attractive MATLAB R2021b and Simulink environments. The simulation results reveal a high model accuracy in battery state of charge (SOC) and terminal voltage. An accurate battery model has a crucial impact on building a very precise adaptive extended Kalman filter (AEKF) SOC estimator. It is considered an appropriate case study of a third-order resistor-capacitor equivalent circuit model (3RC ECM) SAFT-type 6 Ah 11 V nominal voltage of Li-ion battery for simulation purposes.
Intracranial Metastatic Melanoma
Authors: Kwan Carolyn Tang Hiu , Wee Ho Joon 
Published: August 2022

Central nervous system (CNS) metastases are a common manifestation of malignant melanoma, with a median overall survival of as little as 4.7 months based on a study of patients diagnosed between 1986 and 2004 prior to the era of effective systemic therapy. Yet most of the clinical trials exclude patients with intra-cranial metastases. CNS involvement often causes neurological deficits and functional impairment. Localised therapies, such as surgical excision and stereotactic radiotherapy are applicable to only a minority of patients. There are evidences of clinical benefits for immunotherapy than best supportive care and when given alongside radiotherapy provides a better overall survival than radiotherapy alone. This chapter evaluates the efficacy and toxicity of these treatments against advanced melanoma patients with brain metastases.