bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PRN usage before and after discharge from a forensic inpatient unit: A series example of patients with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Busch Louis , Saini Valdeep , Budin Radek , Jones Roland M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAdults living with intellectual and developmental disabilities are often prescribed psychotropic medication on an “as needed” basis (PRN) in response to behavioural challenges. In the present study we conducted a retrospective analysis of medication administration records in the 6‐months preceding and following discharge of 11 adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities to community settings from forensic inpatient units within a mental health hospital. We found a significant reduction in the frequency of PRN usage after discharge. We propose potential reasons for the difference in PRN administration across settings and make suggestions for future research.
CEO mobility and corporate payouts
Authors: Canil Jean , Karpavičius Sigitas , Yu Chia‐Feng (Jeffrey) 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe examine how chief executive officer (CEO) mobility affects corporate payouts. We exploit US state courts’ staggered adoption of the inevitable disclosure doctrine (IDD) to obtain exogenous variation in mobility. We report several findings. First, we find that firms in IDD‐adopting states increase dividend payouts, whereas the effect of IDD on share repurchases is insignificant relative to firms not in IDD‐adopting states. Second, the increase in dividends is concentrated on firms run by CEOs having high ability. Third, CEOs increasing dividends are less likely to be forced to leave their jobs. Fourth, the increase in dividends is concentrated on firms run by early‐career CEOs rather than retiring CEOs. Last, CEOs increasing dividends receive more favorable shareholders’ say on pay votes for higher pay. Our evidence supports the notion that restricted mobility induces CEOs to choose a dividend policy that enhances their positions with their shareholders.
The joint influence of Sarbanes‐Oxley and FAS123R on financial misreporting
Authors: Davis Robert T. , Lopez Thomas J. , Pollard Troy 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPrior research reports that a manager's equity risk‐taking incentive (vega) is positively associated with financial misreporting. FAS 123R led to a significant decrease in vega while SOX increased the cost of financial misreporting. Consistent with the original intent of the legislation, we find that SOX contributed to significant decreases in both fraud restatements and AAERs. Importantly, our results suggest that the SOX‐induced decreases in fraud restatements and AAERs have endured to more recent years. On the other hand, while we find evidence that equity‐incentive‐motivated financial misreporting ceased to exist in the immediate years after FAS 123R, we also find that this was only temporary. In particular, we find strong evidence of a significantly positive association between vega and accrual misreporting in more recent years.
Three‐dimensional‐guided and ICE‐guided transseptal puncture for cardiac ablations: A propensity score match study
Authors: Chokesuwattanaskul Ronpichai , Ananwattanasuk Teetouch , Hughey Andrew B. , Stuart Elizabeth A. , Shah Muazzum M. , Atreya Auras R. , Chugh Aman , Bogun Frank , Crawford Thomas , Pelosi Frank , Cunnane Ryan , Ghanbari Hamid , Latchamsetty Rakesh , Chung Eugene , Saeed Mohammed , Ghannam Michael , Liang Jackson , Oral Hakan , Morady Fred , Jongnarangsin Krit 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionTransseptal puncture (TSP) is routinely performed for left atrial ablation procedures. The use of a three‐dimensional (3D) mapping system or intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) is useful in localizing the fossa ovalis and reducing fluoroscopy use. We aimed to compare the safety and efficacy between 3D mapping system‐guided TSP and ICE‐guided TSP techniques.MethodsWe conducted a prospective observational study of patients undergoing TSP for left atrial catheter ablation procedures (mostly atrial fibrillation ablation). Propensity scoring was used to match patients undergoing 3D‐guided TSP with patients undergoing ICE‐guided TSP. Logistic regression was used to compare the clinical data, procedural data, fluoroscopy time, success rate, and complications between the groups.Results Sixty‐five patients underwent 3D‐guided TSP, and 151 propensity score‐matched patients underwent ICE‐guided TSP. The TSP success rate was 100% in both the 3D‐guided and ICE‐guided groups. Median needle time was 4.00 min (interquartile range [IQR]: 2.57–5.08) in patients with 3D‐guided TSP compared to 4.02 min (IQR: 2.83–6.95) in those with ICE‐guided TSP (p = .22). Mean fluoroscopy time was 0.2 min (IQR: 0.1–0.4) in patients with 3D‐guided TSP compared to 1.2 min (IQR: 0.7–2.2) in those with ICE‐guided TSP (p < .001). There were no complications related to TSP in both group.ConclusionsThree‐dimensional mapping‐guided TSP is as safe and effective as ICE‐guided TSP without additional cost.
RASAL3 predicts overall survival and CD8+ T lymphocyte infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Liang Mei , Meng Xiangzhi , Zhou Boxuan , Gao Yushun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRAS‐activating protein‐like 3 (RASAL3) is a synaptic Ras GTPase‐activating protein (SynGAP) and a potential novel biomarker of CD8+ T cell infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). This study explored RASAL3 expression in LUAD, the prognostic impact of RASAL3 and the relationship with immune cell infiltration. RASAL3 expression in LUAD tissues was considerably low, with high RASAL3 expression associated with better overall survival, whereas the low expression was linked to advanced T, N, M classifications, TNM stage and lower grade. Furthermore, RASAL3 expression positively correlated with CD8+ T lymphocyte infiltration. In conclusion, RASAL3 expression is a potential prognostic and immunological biomarker of LUAD.
Functional and clinical needs of older hospice enrollees with coexisting dementia
Authors: Harrison Krista L. , Cenzer Irena , Smith Alexander K. , Hunt Lauren J. , Kelley Amy S. , Aldridge Melissa D. , Covinsky Kenneth E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe Medicare Hospice Benefit increasingly serves people dying with dementia. We sought to understand characteristics, hospice use patterns, and last‐month‐of‐life care quality ratings among hospice enrollees with dementia coexisting with another terminal illness as compared to enrollees with a principal hospice diagnosis of dementia, and enrollees with no dementia.MethodsWe conducted a pooled cross‐sectional study among decedent Medicare beneficiaries age 70+ using longitudinal data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) (last interview before death; after‐death proxy interview) linked to Medicare hospice claims (2011–2017). We used unadjusted and adjusted regression analyses to compare characteristics of hospice enrollees with coexisting dementia to two groups: (1) enrollees with a principal dementia diagnosis, and (2) enrollees with no dementia.ResultsAmong 1105 decedent hospice enrollees age 70+, 40% had coexisting dementia, 16% had a principal diagnosis of dementia, and 44% had no dementia. In adjusted analyses, enrollees with coexisting dementia had high rates of needing help with 3–6 activities of daily living, similar to enrollees with principal dementia (62% vs. 67%). Enrollees with coexisting dementia had high clinical needs, similar to those with no dementia, for example, 63% versus 61% had bothersome pain. Care quality was worse for enrollees with coexisting dementia versus principal dementia (e.g., 61% vs. 79% had anxiety/sadness managed) and similar to those with no dementia. Enrollees with coexisting dementia had similar hospice use patterns as those with principal diagnoses and higher rates of problematic use patterns compared to those with no dementia (e.g., 16% vs. 10% live disenrollment, p = 0.004).ConclusionsPeople with coexisting dementia have functional needs comparable to enrollees with principal diagnoses of dementia, and clinical needs comparable to enrollees with no dementia. Changes to hospice care models and policy may be needed to ensure appropriate dementia care.
The intellectual and developmental disability shared citizenship paradigm: its cross‐cultural status, implementation and confirmation
Authors: Luckasson R. , Schalock R. L. , Tassé M. J. , Shogren K. A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundDramatic changes in societal approaches to people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD), and the services and supports they receive are reflected in a new paradigm that we name the shared citizenship paradigm. The shared citizenship paradigm (1) incorporates an updated and contemporary set of values and beliefs about people with IDD and their right to participate fully in all aspects of life and society; (2) is characterised by a holistic approach to IDD, a contextual model of human functioning, disability rights principles and person‐centred implementation strategies; (3) incorporates the exponential growth in knowledge about the causes and characteristics of IDD and factors influencing the elimination of barriers to positive outcomes for people with IDD; and (4) is reflected in international covenants, such as the United Nations Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities (UNCRPD), and in international policy goals and associated personal outcome domains.MethodWe conducted a preliminary survey on the cross‐cultural status of the shared citizenship paradigm with a small purposefully sampled international group of professionals known to have extensive knowledge, experience, and publications regarding their country's current IDD‐related policies and practices.ResultsOne or more paradigm components were evident to a moderate degree in the respondents' countries, and the paradigm is being used to provide individualised services and supports, to guide organisation transformation and systems change, and, to a lesser degree, to frame evidence‐based inquiry.ConclusionsCore components of the shared citizenship paradigm are present internationally. To further enhance implementation and confirmation of the paradigm, we propose implementation strategies and confirmation techniques.
Bank deposits and textual sentiment: When an European Central Bank president's speech is not just a speech
Authors: Anastasiou Dimitris , Katsafados Apostolos 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe investigate whether the textual sentiment affects European depositors' behavior in withdrawing their deposits. We construct two textual sentiments able to capture the perceived uncertainty. Our findings suggest that a high frequency of uncertainty and weak modal words in the European Central Bank (ECB) president's monthly speeches leads both households and non‐financial corporations to withdraw their bank deposits. We also find that non‐financial corporations' deposits are more sensitive than households' deposits to these textual sentiments. These findings suggest that regulators and policymakers could expand the already existing early‐warning systems for the banking sector by considering the frequency of uncertainty and weak modal words in the ECB president's speeches.
Extended Fixation for Paprosky Type III Acetabular Defects in Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty with a Minimum Follow‐Up of 2 Years
Authors: Tang Hao , Huang Yong , Zhou Yixin , Ma Zhuyi , Guo Shengjie 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveRevision of total hip arthroplasty for patients with severe acetabular bone defects is challenging. This study aims to report the minimum 2 years outcome of the iliac extended fixation technique in patients with Paprosky type III acetabular defects.MethodsFifty‐seven revision total hip arthroplasty patients were retrospectively reviewed who underwent reconstruction with the concept of iliac extended fixation from 2014 to 2017 in our hospital. We proposed a new concept of “iliac extended fixation” in revision total hip arthroplasty as fixation extending superiorly 2 cm beyond the original acetabular rim with porous metal augments, which was further classified into intracavitary and extracavitary fixation. Patients were assessed using the Harris Hip Score and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index Score. Radiographs and patient‐reported satisfaction were assessed.ResultsAt an average follow‐up of 63 months (range 25–88 months), the postoperative Harris Hip Score and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index scores were significantly improved at the last follow‐up (p < 0.001). The center of rotation was significantly improved (p < 0.05). Fifty‐three (93.0%) patients were satisfied with the outcome. The extracavitary iliac extended fixation group had higher rate of osteointegration in zone 1A (the superior lateral zone) than the intracavitary iliac extended fixation group (82.3% vs 55.0%, p = 0.015), and significantly more horizontal screws fixation (5.1 ± 24.7° vs 42.3 ± 36.8°, p < 0.001).ConclusionIntracavitary and extracavitary iliac extended fixation with porous metal augments and cementless cups are effective in reconstructing severe superior acetabular bone defects. The difference in screw direction might reflect the different biomechanics of augment fixation.
Classification of wheat diseases using deep learning networks with field and glasshouse images
Authors: Long Megan , Hartley Matthew , Morris Richard J. , Brown James K. M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCrop diseases can cause major yield losses, so the ability to detect and identify them in their early stages is important for disease control. Deep learning methods have shown promise in classifying multiple diseases; however, many studies do not use datasets that represent real field conditions, necessitating either further image processing or reducing their applicability. In this paper, we present a dataset of wheat images taken in real growth situations, including both field and glasshouse conditions, with five categories: healthy plants and four foliar diseases, yellow rust, brown rust, powdery mildew and Septoria leaf blotch. This dataset was used to train a deep learning model. The resulting model, named CerealConv, reached a 97.05% classification accuracy. When tested against trained pathologists on a subset of images from the larger dataset, the model delivered an accuracy score 2% higher than the best‐performing pathologist. Image masks were used to show that the model was using the correct information to drive its classifications. These results show that deep learning networks are a viable tool for disease detection and classification in the field, and disease quantification is a logical next step.
Reputation management as an interplay of structure and agency: A strategic‐relational approach
Authors: Boon Jan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractReputation scholars in the field of regulation tend to focus on the strategic nature—or: “agency”—of reputation management. We know fairly little about the precise nature of the dynamics and conflicts between structural and agential factors that are experienced by regulators in practice, and how these dynamics impact reputation management and its outcomes. This study addresses these questions, using conceptual language from the strategic‐relational approach to study the reputation management of the Belgian financial regulator during an event of high reputational salience: the global financial crisis. The results present an image of a regulator as a strategic actor who—either consciously or more intuitively—calculated its possible moves in light of a strategically selective context (which, in turn, was constantly evolving as a result of strategic actions). This contributes to a more complex and behaviorally realistic understanding of regulatory reputation management.
Utility of HLA‐DR in screening panel for inborn errors of immunity
Authors: Yadav Reetika Malik , Jodhawat Neha , Gupta Maya , Dalvi Aparna , Bargir Umair Ahmad , Hule Gouri , Setia Priyanka , Shinde Shweta , Saxena Shilpi , Parab Ankita , Gada Ashita , Kambli Priyanka , Dhawale Amruta , Gaikwad Pallavi , Taur Prasad , Chougule Akshaya , Iyengar Vaishnavi , Gowri Vijaya , Desai Mukesh , Madkaikar Manisha 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA comprehensive evaluation of immune parameters while screening for inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) provides valuable information about the underlying defect. In 2019, the ICMR‐National Institute of Immunohaematology adopted a screening panel modified from the Euroflow consortium‐recommended PIDOT tube, the difference being the addition of HLA‐DR. In the present study, we evaluate the utility of HLA‐DR in our screening panel. The HLA‐DR expression on CD3 + T, its CD4+ and CD8+ subsets, natural killer (NK) and double‐negative T cells (DNT) was compared between patients and controls. HLA‐DR expression on CD3+ T cells or its subsets was significantly elevated in SCID and Omenn's phenotype (P <.001), combined immunodeficiencies (P < .05) including DOCK8 and WAS, diseases of immune dysregulation including FHL (P < .0001) and ALPS (P < .05) and CVID with complications (P < .05). An absence of HLA‐DR marker can help in identifying cases of MHC II deficiency at the time of screening including atypical cases which present without reduction in CD4+ T cell counts and reversal of CD4+/CD8+ ratio. ROC analysis revealed a cut‐off of 14.62%, 19.11% and 1.5% for percentage HLA‐DR expression on CD3+ and CD8+ T cells and HLA‐DR on CD8/HLA‐DR on CD4, respectively, for FHL. Random forest analysis identified HLA‐DR (%) on NK cells, ratio of HLA‐DR CD8+/HLA‐DR CD4+, NK cell (%), T cell (%), HLA‐DR+ CD8(%) and CD45pos NK cell (%) as important predictors for FHL. Evaluation of HLA‐DR expression during screening can provide corroborative clues to the diagnosis of underlying IEI along with other immunological abnormalities.
Direct evidence gap on fixed versus adjusted‐dose benznidazole for adults with chronic Chagas disease without cardiomyopathy: Systematic review and individual patient data meta‐analysis
Authors: Ciapponi Agustín , Barreira Fabiana , Perelli Lucas , Bardach Ariel , Gascón Joaquim , Molina Israel , Morillo Carlos , Prado Nilda , Riarte Adelina , Torrico Faustino , Villar Juan Carlos , Reidel Sara , Gibbons Luz , Sosa‐Estani Sergio 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo determine the comparative efficacy and safety of a fixed dose of benznidazole (BZN) with an adjusted‐dose for Trypanosoma cruzi‐seropositive adults without cardiomyopathy.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review and individual participant data (IPD) meta‐analysis following Cochrane methods, and the PRISMA‐IPD statement for reporting. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) allocating participants to fixed or adjusted doses of BZN for T. cruzi‐seropositive adults without cardiomyopathy were included. We searched (December 2021) Cochrane, MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS and trial registries and contacted Chagas experts. Selection, data extraction, risk of bias assessment using the Cochrane tool, and a GRADE summary of finding tables were performed independently by pairs of reviewers. We conducted a random‐effects IPD meta‐analysis using the one‐stage strategy, or, if that was impossible, the two‐stage strategy.ResultsFive RCTs (1198 patients) were included, none directly comparing fixed with adjusted doses of BZN. Compared to placebo, BZN therapy was strongly associated with negative qPCR and sustainable parasitological clearance regardless of the type of dose and subgroup analysed. For negative qPCR, the fixed/adjusted rate of odds ratios (RORF/A) was 8.83 (95% CI 1.02–76.48); for sustained parasitological clearance, it was 4.60 (95% CI 0.40–52.51), probably indicating at least non‐inferior effect of fixed doses, with no statistically significant interactions by scheme for global and most subgroup estimations. The RORF/A for treatment interruption due to adverse events was 0.44 (95% CI 0.14–1.38), probably indicating no worse tolerance of fixed doses.ConclusionsWe found no direct comparison between fixed and adjusted doses of BZN. However, fixed doses versus placebo are probably not inferior to weight‐adjusted doses of BZN versus placebo in terms of parasitological efficacy and safety. Network IPD meta‐analysis, through indirect comparisons, may well provide the best possible answers in the near future.RegistrationThe study protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42019120905).
Variations in the application of equine prosthetic laryngoplasty: A survey of 128 equine surgeons
Authors: Byrne Christian A. , Hotchkiss Joel W. , Barakzai Safia Z. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo document variations in the application of equine prosthetic laryngoplasty among equine surgeons.Study designCross‐sectional survey.Sample populationSix hundred and seventy‐eight equine surgeons performing prosthetic laryngoplasty.MethodsAn online questionnaire was sent to equine surgeons, including diplomates of the American College of Veterinary Surgeons and European College of Veterinary Surgeons. Questions focused on participant profile, surgical technique, antimicrobial therapy, and concurrent procedures. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed on the survey output.ResultsComplete responses were received from 128/678 individuals, mostly from experienced surgeons. Most participants used 2 prostheses (106/128, 82.8%) and a single loop was the most common method used to anchor the prosthesis in the cricoid (95/128, 74.2%) and arytenoid (125/128, 97.7%) cartilages. Use of general anesthesia was common, although 46/128 (35.9%) participants now performed most laryngoplasty surgery with standing sedation. The material used as a prosthesis varied among surgeons, although participants typically aimed to achieve grade 2 intraoperative arytenoid abduction. Participants most commonly administered perioperative systemic antimicrobial therapy for 1‐3 days (57/128, 44.5%) and 48/128 (37.5%) used local antimicrobial therapy.ConclusionMost surgeons performed laryngoplasty with 2 prostheses, a single loop construct at the muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage and systemic antimicrobial therapy. There was variation in the preferred method of surgical restraint, prosthesis material selection, and use of local antimicrobial therapy.Clinical significanceLong‐established techniques remain popular in clinical practice despite evidence that variations offer advantages, particularly in relation to biomechanics. Other factors are also likely to influence technique selection in a clinical context.