bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KESADARAN HUKUM PEKERJA MUSIK KOTA SERANG TERHADAP HAK CIPTA MUSIK DITINJAU DARI UNDANG-UNDANG NO. 28 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG HAK CIPTA
Authors: Rohmatulloh Rohmatulloh , Aulawi Anton , Basri Alamsyah 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
An understanding of copyright is a must-have for every music worker or person in the music industry, because this is closely related to the protection of every work created by musicians so that they are not misused by irresponsible parties and take good profits. financially and existentially. This study aims to determine the awareness of musicians related to Law Number 28 of 2014 Year concerning Copyright and the occurrence of copyright infringement, especially song copyrights in Serang City. The research method used is research with a qualitative approach with data collection techniques, namely observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the study indicate that the influence of the Copyright Law for music workers in Serang City who are members of the Salbai 34 Venue community has not had a significant influence in providing legal protection, because in each of their published musical works, almost on average they have not met to get royalties. per month due to several digital platform rules that put limits on getting royalties from each work that is played and there are still many copyright infringement cases, by unscrupulous music workers, both by musicians and content creators. The level of legal awareness of music workers in Serang City regarding copyright in terms of Law Number 28 of 2014 Year is not yet or still lacks legal awareness. There are four indicators to determine that music workers in Serang City do not yet have good legal awareness, where each of these indicators is a stage for the next stage, namely legal knowledge, legal understanding, legal attitudes, and patterns of understanding community behavior.
Does contracting out lead to improvement in service volumes at primary and secondary health services? Evidence from rural districts of Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Abbasi Imran Naeem , Fatmi Zafar , Sameen Siddiqi  
Published: March 2022

Objectives: To determine the improvement in service volumes from baseline, if any, in the contracted out primary and secondary healthcare facilities against key performance indicators, and to explore the perceptions of health managers and experience of patients in this regard.
Methods: The mixed-method study was conducted at Aga Khan University, Karachi, from November 2019 to April 2020, and comprised secondary data extracted from the district health information system related to Thatta and Sujawal districts of the Sindh province of Pakistan from July 2016 to June 2019. Apart from data analysis for baseline versus end-line comparison of key performance indicators the study also conducted a cross-sectional survey of health facilities, patient exit interviews and in-depth interviews with healthcare managers.
Results: The key performance indicators showed improved service volumes compared to the baseline. All services, including general outpatient department (33%), consultancy services (91%) and emergency services (106%) increased in volumes. Facility-based deliveries increased by 37% and antenatal care visits increased by 100% but immunisation volumes declined. Specialist workforce increased by 47%. Healthcare managers perceived delayed/partial budget release as the key determinant of staff retention, availability of drugs, equipment, supplies, water and electricity at health facilities. Lack of control over government-appointed employees coupled with political interference created workforce shortage. Patients were satisfied with service delivery, but unavailability of medicine was the main concern for 64.3%.
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COVID-19 vaccine related menstrual irregularities: A cause of vaccine hesitation?
Authors: Aqsa Saleem  , Syed Owais Javed  , Farheen Malik  
Published: March 2022

To,
The Editor-in-Chief
Vaccination against Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (Covid-19) has shown remarkable progress in controlling the ongoing pandemic. Currently, over nine billion doses of Covid-19 vaccines have been administered worldwide(1), and although this widespread vaccination has shown great progress in managing the pandemic, multiple side effects have been noted. Most of these side effects are mild such as pain at injection site, fever, rash, etc., but some are serious and long-lasting like myocarditis and other cardiovascular complications.
Recently, there have been reports of several women experiencing menstrual irregularities after being administered Covid-19 vaccines, and that has created hesitation amongst women to get their shot.(2) Table 1. summarizes the number of menstrual disturbances recorded by Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) Yellow Card Scheme until 22nd December 2021.
While several factors have been implicated to be the cause of these irregularities, a definitive reason still remains to be established. A recent meta-analysis by Sharifian-Dorche M et al. has shown that Covid-19 vaccines induce thrombocytopenia.(3) This can result in the loss of endometrial haemostasis, and consequently, vaccinated women might experience increased blood loss/heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB). Moreover, since body's immune system is activated by Covid-19 vaccines(4), immune cells lining the uterus can contribute to early shedding of uterine wall, and that may manifest as intermenstrual bleeding (IMB) or postmenopausal bleeding (PMB). Women who have recovered from Covid-19 infection continue to suffer from menstrual irregularities for prolonged times. Therefore, the possibility of Long Covid Syndrome causing these menstrual disturbances cannot be disregarded.(5) Additionally, the prevailing gender bias in pre-and post-covid literature has led to under-reporting of events related to female reproductive health, further limiting our understanding of this subject.
In conclusion, to minimize vaccine hesitation among women, it is imperative that a better understanding of these side effects should be sought. Further research should be encouraged to investigate vaccines' short- and long-term effects on reproductive health. Questions regarding menstrual cycle should be included in clinical trials for Covid-19 vaccines, and women should be encouraged to report any unusual post-vaccination changes in menstrual cycles to their doctors. Moreover, strict pharmacovigilance should be practiced to monitor people with pre-existing coagulopathies, and those on certain medications in order to limit the possibility of life-threatening conditions such as cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) after taking the Covid-19 vaccines.
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Analisis Persepsi Wakif Terhadap Wakaf Tunai di BWI Sumatera Utara
Authors: Franaya Al Arfa  , Imsar  , Tambunan Khairina 
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui persepsi wakif terhadap wakaf tunai di BWI Sumatera Utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif, dengan mengambil objek penelitian di BWI Sumatera Utara (SU). Sebagai informan penelitian adalah wakif yang berwakaf kepada Nazhir BWI Sumatera Utara dan perwakilan dari nazhir. Penelitian ini menggunakan 5 indikator untuk mengukur persepsi wakif, yaitu pendapatan, pemahaman, media informasi, kemudahan, dan manfaat wakaf. Dari hasil penilaian angket data diketahui bahwa 73,3% wakif menyatakan baik dari indikator pendapatan. Artinya, wakif memiliki persepsi yang baik mengenai wakaf tunai bahwa semakin sejahtera masyarakat maka potensi wakaf tunai juga semakin besar. Dari indikator pemahaman menunjukkan 46,7% wakif menyatakan baik dengan wakaf tunai. Artinya, wakif memiliki persepsi yang baik terhadap wakaf tunai dari sisi pemahaman sehingga muncul kesadaran dalam memajukan ekonomi islam melalui wakaf tunai. Dari indikator media informasi bahwa 43,3% wakif menyatakan netral terhadap persepsi wakif dari sisi akses media informasi. Artinya, BWI SU agar lebih menggalakkan media informasi melalui media online di era digital. Dari indikator kemudahan 46,7% wakif menjawab baik. Artinya wakif memiliki persepsi yang baik tentang kemudahan yang diberikan dalam mengakses BWI SU untuk transaksi penghimpunan wakaf tunai bagi wakif. Dari indikator manfaat 56,7% wakif menjawab baik. Artinya wakif memiliki persepsi yang baik tentang manfaat wakaf tunai dapat melatih jiwa sosial dan membantu umat yang kesulitan.
Kata Kunci: Persepsi, Wakaf Tunai, BWI Sumatera Utara
Pendayagunaan Zakat dan Wakaf untuk Mencapai Maqashid Al-Syari’ah
Authors: Sahidin Amir 
Published: March 2022

Zakat merupakan hak harta yang harus ditunaikan oleh setiap Muslim pemilik harta yang telah terpenuhi syarat-syaratnya. Adapun wakaf merupakan sarana utama dalam pendistribusian kekayaan umat dan sebagai pengganti fasilitas publik. Keduanya merupakan syariat Islam yang hadir untuk tujuan mulia, mendatangkan kemaslahatan baik di dunia maupun di akhirat (maqashid al-syari’ah). Oleh karenanya, kajian tentang zakat dan wakaf akan semakin penting jika dikaji dengan pendekatan maqashid al-syari’ah. Artikel ini membahas pendayagunaan zakat dan wakaf untuk mencapai maqashid al-syari’ah. Melalui kajian yang bersifat library reseach dengan pendekatan deskriptif-analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa pendayagunaan zakat untuk mencapai maqashid al-syari’ah meliputi tiga maqashid, yaitu: maqashid dini, maqashid ijtima’i, dan maqashid iqtishadi. Sedangkan pendayagunaan wakaf untuk mencapai maqashid al-syari’ah meliputi tujuan umum dan khusus disyariatkannya wakaf. Kemudian semua hendaknya diarahkan untuk mencapai al-maqashid al-khamsah, berupa penjagaan terhadap agama, jiwa, akal, keturunan dan harta
Kata Kunci: zakat, wakaf, maqashid al-syari’ah, maqashid al-khamsah.
Inteligentzia artifizialaren erronkak Administrazio publikoan
Authors: PEÑAGARICANO URRUZOLA JONE 
Published: March 2022

l objetivo de este trabajo, es analizar el uso de la inteligencia
artificial en la administración pública y las premisas en las que debe basarse el
ordenamiento jurídico para regular su utilización. Para ello, se ha recopilado información
de distintos autores, así como de dictámenes e informes de diferentes
ámbitos y entidades públicas. La conclusión final, evidencia la necesidad de su regulación
en el sector público, garantizando que desde su diseño y hasta su ejecución
se realice la inspección debida, mediante los responsables competentes.
Lan honen xedea administrazio publikoan inteligentzia artifizialaren
erabilera aztertzea da, eta ordenamendu juridikoak honen erabilera arautzerakoan
kontuan hartu beharreko oinarriak aztertzea. Horretarako, hainbat autorek
egindako ikerketak eta hainbat erakunde publikok egindako ebazpen zein txostenak
erabili dira. Azken ondorioak agerian uzten du sektore publikoan adimen artifiziala
arautu egin behar dela teknologia hau diseinatzen denetik exekutatzen deneraino,
ikuskapenak egin direla bermatu, eskumena duen arduradunaren bidez.
The objective of this work is to analyse both the use of artificial
intelligence in Public administration and the premises on which the legal system
should build the regulation of its use. To this end, information has been collected
from different authors, as well as opinions and reports from different areas and public
entities. The final conclusion shows the need for its regulation in the public sector,
guaranteeing that from its design to its enforcement the competent authorities carry
out a due inspection.
ECONOMIC IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON MAIZE PRODUCTION IN KENYA
Authors: Wandaka Lewis Mungai , Mariara Prof. Jane Kabubo , Kimuyu Prof. Peter 
Published: March 2022

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the economic impact of climate change on maize production in Kenya.Methodology: The study used climate, soil and household data for 1357 households. The climate data was from ARTES (African Rainfall and Evaluation System) and Satellite climate data while the Soil data was from Kenya Soil Survey conducted by Kenya Agricultural Research Institute. The household data was obtained from Tegemeo Research Institute.Results: The regressions results suggest that climate has a significant impact on maize production. The study found that temperature has a bigger impact on maize production compared to precipitation as evidenced by the elasticity of temperature and precipitation.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends that policy efforts should be directed at addressing the impact of climate change on maize production. Through research and development, the government should encourage the development of maize varieties that can adapt to the future expected hot conditions.
THE INFLUENCE OF SELECTED SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS ON FARMERS’ AWARENESS OF DEVOLUTION OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES IN KITUI COUNTY, KENYA
Authors: Kyambo  Onesmus , Kilungo Julius , Amwata Dorothy 
Published: March 2022

Purpose: Agriculture is the main stay and driver of Kenyan rural economy. Despites the critical role of agriculture in Kenya, poor access to extension support services persist. This study sought to assess the influence of selected socio-economic factors on farmers’ awareness of devolution of agricultural extension services in Kitui County.
Methodology: The study used an ex post facto descriptive survey design. A total sample of 99 farmers drawn from the population of 222,781 households in 40 wards (GOK – Economic Survey 2019.) was selected from Kitui County using a stratified random sampling approach. Questionnaires were administered to the sampled farmers. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive, inferential statistics (binary logistic regression).
Findings: This study established that older farmers were aware about devolution of agricultural extension services. This study also found that male farmers were more aware about devolution of agricultural extension services as compared to their female counterparts. Moreover, educated farmers were more aware about devolution of agricultural extension services as compared to their less educated counterparts. Family heads from wealthier households (with greater income) were more aware about devolution of agricultural extension services as compared to their counterparts from low income households. The respondents that had larger sizes of land were more likely to be more aware of about devolution of agricultural extension services as compared to household heads with smaller sizes of land.
Unique Contribution to Practice and Policy: This study recommends that more campaigns and sensitization should be made in the vast Kitui County to create awareness about the devolution of agricultural extension services and encourage more women smallholder farmers to take advantage of this service especially through organised groups. Key campaigns should especially be implemented through women groups, since women farmers had the least awareness of the devolution of agricultural extension services.
Contribution of natural resource exploitation of stone, impact on livelihood and rural development in West Region of Cameroon.
Authors: Makain Chop , Christopher Tankou , Lengha Tohnain 
Published: March 2022

Purpose: Stone as a natural resource has always been highly recognized as an income generating activity worldwide. The study on the contribution of natural resource exploitation of stone, impact on livelihood and rural development was conducted in the West Region of Cameroon with the used of purposive random sampling technique.
Methodology: The target population for this study were the inhabitants around the quarries involved in the mining and the farmers’ activities. From the number of workers, the researchers chose a sample size of 400 miners assuming that the miners in the West region are more than 100000 distributed within four divisions. The study used both primary and secondary data sources. The methods used for the study were interviews, focus group discussions sources, documents analysis and participatory observations. SPSS version 22 and Microsoft Excel were used to analyse data.
Finding: Results indicated that 41.61% were artisanal miners while 31.88% were industrial miners. More so, results further revealed that 76.66% were quarry operators and 33.34% were farmers.
Unique contribution to theory and practice: The study therefore recommends that the state through the local authorities such as the council could improve on the livelihood of these inhabitants by assisting and respecting their limit areas of stone exploitation, also compensate the villagers whose lands are being exploited especially moderately, upon what they request as terms of compensation not what they offer to them as gift.
Use of Information and Communication Technologies by farmers in Menoua Division of the West Region of Cameroon
Authors: Ndemdou Blaise , Fongang Hensel Guillaume Fouepe 
Published: March 2022

Purpose: The objective of this article was to analyse the farmers’ access to agricultural information by using ICTs in the case of Menoua Division of the West Region of Cameroon.
Methodology: The study sample was constituted of 200 farmers of at least 21 years old and 31 resource persons. The sample was constituted using the reasoned choice, the snowball and simple random techniques. The data was collected by the questionnaire and analysis of quantitative data was done by use of SPSS.20.
Finding: Results show that two ICTs components provide agricultural information used by farmers in agricultural basins in Menoua Division. Mobile phone, used by 189 out of 200 respondents, is the main support of agricultural information used in transactions. The computer used by 18 out of 200 respondents is also an important support for the use of ICTs. Social networks which include Whatsapp and Facebook are used by 25 out of 200 respondents. The mobile phone is mostly used by famers to access new informations in the agricultural sector (47%) and to be informed on the prices of products on the market (23%). Social networks enable farmers to get agricultural informations from discussions with colleagues (18 of 25). Social networks are also used to access news in the agricultural sector (5 of 25). Farmers used computer to record agricultural informations. Social networks help farmers to obtain 3 types of agricultural informations: technical (73%), commercial (89%) and institutional (42.5%).
Recommendation: The government should inform farmers through their mobile phones by sending messages relating to seminar and holding of events such as agropastoral fairs. Also, training should be organized on the importance of using cell phones as tools of informal research via the internet by the farmers. Farmers should help each other and train together in the use of ICT for the benefit of their daily activities. The various mobile operators should also get involved in supporting farmers.
AN OVERVIEW OF THE PERSONAL INCOME TAX AND CAPITAL GAINS TAX REGIME IN NIGERIA
Authors: AGBONIKA JOHN ALEWO MUSA , AGBONIKA JOSEPHINE ALADI ACHOR 
Published: March 2022

In Nigeria, the Personal Income Tax is a tax charged on the income of individuals and is imposed on different sources of income like labour, pensions, interest and dividends. Revenues from the Personal Income Tax constitute an important source of income for three tiers of government in Nigeria. Capital gains tax administration in Nigeria is regulated by the Capital Gains Tax Act.[1] The Act is administered by both Federal Inland Revenue Service and the States Internal Revenue Service. Federal Inland Revenue Service deals with the taxation of capital gains arising from the deposal of property by corporate entities while the State Internal Revenue deal with gains on deposal by individual sole traders. The Tax rate is 10% on capital gains. The capital gain is the difference between the sale proceeds from sale of the assets. Expenses that are incidental to the deposal are allowed as a deduction from the sales proceeds. The objective is to provide better understanding of the different ways of assessing and collection of taxes with a view to providing and ensuring improved compliance by the tax payers. The paper further examines the issues relating to persons subject to tax, resident, the key legislation governing imposition of tax in Nigeria including the authorities charged with the responsibility to administer it. In carrying out this research we adopted a theoretical framework by looking at other literature on the subject as basis for our findings and recommendations. Findings revealed that tax has positive significant impact on government revenue in Nigeria. It is therefore recommended that there should be increased tax awareness and campaign in order to enable government generate more revenue from tax to boost its gross domestic products.
Health Service Utilization Pattern and Costs Incurred by People Living with HIV/AIDS at the Nkambe District Hospital, Cameroon
Authors: Cholong Bereynuy Jude , Mayin  Kinga Bertila , Aloysius Njong Mom 
Published: March 2022

Purpose: Even though ART services in Cameroon are highly subsidized, people living with HIV/AIDS still incur a non-ART drug cost. This piece of paper is aimed at investigating the health service utilization pattern and the outpatient and inpatient costs incurred by people living with HIV/AIDS in the Nkambe District Hospital.
Methodology: A single facility-based cross-sectional survey was conducted between February and June 2018 at Nkambe District Hospital. A micro-costing analysis was used to determine the direct and indirect cost of treatment and access. Data were collected using an administered questionnaire and secondary data from patients’ files, analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). A convenient and purposive sample of 346 participants were enrolled (281 outpatients and 65 inpatients).
Results: Result shows that, majority of participants (97.5%) were in their follow up visit. 83.3% had been on ART for more than 1year, while more than half (59.5%) visited the hospital every after 3months for ART refilled. 80% of admitted cases were admitted for the first time. An average direct cost of treatment access was 2108.89FCFA ($3.47) for outpatient and 30414.31FCFA ($54.12) for inpatient, giving an annual average cost of 8435.56FCFA ($15) and 121657.24 FCFA ($216.5), respectively.
Conclusion: This work concluded that the of ART services is not sufficient to eliminate the economic burden of treatment on HIV patients.
Recommendations: Implementing effective community dispensation of ARVs and other differentiated care models like multi-month scripting and home dispensations well as creating more HIV treatment centers is vital. Also, implementation of a user fee policy for other HIV services. Finally, accelerating the process of universal health coverage in Cameroon will go a long way to help HIV patients and their households.