bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Searching for a happily ever after: using fairy tales in primary classrooms to explore gender, subjectivity and the life-worlds of young people
Authors: Saxby Glenn 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFairy tales are ubiquitous in Australian primary schools. Drawing on a review of key literature, this paper aims to determine the implications of teaching fairy tales in the twenty-first-century primary classroom. Research points to the benefits of including fairy tales as a tool to improve all subject areas of the curriculum. Fairy tales present opportunities to positively engage students through the teaching of social justice and the development of emotional intelligence. The review of literature found that teachers need to be cautious and critical when teaching traditional fairy tales which often perpetrate an outdated, gender-ignorant representation of society, and allow students an opportunity to confront these ideas. The book form of Disney fairy tales can be problematic, particularly the earlier versions, which are criticised for being domesticated, sentimental and overly simplistic. The review has also found that multicultural fairy tales have enormous potential to increase cultural equity in the contemporary classroom, but unfortunately, they do not appear to be easily accessible in Australia. The fairy tale is constantly being reinvented and reimagined to fit into modern society, which has led to the emergence of the fractured fairy tale genre, where a traditional fairy tale is subverted. This review found that when used in a critical and inclusive manner, fairy tales have the potential to be an effective resource to teach primary school students in the contemporary classroom.
mvPPT: A Highly Efficient and Sensitive Pathogenicity Prediction Tool for Missense Variants
Authors: Tong Shi-Yuan , Fan Ke , Zhou Zai-Wei , Liu Lin-Yun , Zhang Shu-Qing , Fu Yinghui , Wang Guang-Zhong , Zhu Ying , Yu Yong-Chun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Next-generation sequencing technologies both boost the discovery of variants in the human genome and exacerbate the challenges of pathogenic variant identification. In this study, we developed Pathogenicity Prediction Tool for missense variants (mvPPT), a highly sensitive and accurate missense variant classifier based on gradient boosting. mvPPT adopts high-confidence training sets with a wide spectrum of variant profiles, and extracts three categories of features, including scores from existing prediction tools, frequencies (allele frequencies, amino acid frequencies, and genotype frequencies), and genomic context. Compared with established predictors, mvPPT achieves superior performance in all test sets, regardless of data source. In addition, our study also provides guidance for training set and feature selection strategies, as well as reveals highly relevant features, which may further provide biological insights into variant pathogenicity. mvPPT is freely available at http://www.mvppt.club/.
Identification of priority targets for intervention in outpatient antimicrobial stewardship
Authors: Arensman Hannan Kellie N. , Draper Evan W. , Uecker-Bezdicek Karen A. , Gomez-Urena Eric O. , Jensen Kelsey L. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A multimodal antimicrobial stewardship intervention was associated with a decrease in antibiotic prescribing for targeted non–coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) upper respiratory infections from 27.6% in 2019 to 7.6% in 2021. We describe our approach to prioritizing departments for 3 levels of interventions in the setting of limited stewardship personnel.
Which glaciers are the largest in the world?
Authors: Windnagel Ann , Hock Regine , Maussion Fabien , Paul Frank , Rastner Philipp , Raup Bruce , Zemp Michael 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGlacier monitoring has been internationally coordinated for more than 125 years. Despite this long history, there is no authoritative answer to the popular question: ‘Which glaciers are the largest in the world?’ Here, we present the first systematic assessment of this question and identify the largest glaciers in the world – distinct from the two ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica but including the glaciers on the Antarctic Peninsula. We identify the largest glaciers in two domains: on each of the seven geographical continents and in the 19 first-order glacier regions defined by the Global Terrestrial Network for Glaciers. Ranking glaciers by area is non-trivial. It depends on how a glacier is defined and mapped and also requires differentiating between a glacier and a glacier complex, i.e. glaciers that meet at ice divides such as ice caps and icefields. It also depends on the availability of a homogenized global glacier inventory. Using separate rankings for glaciers and glacier complexes, we find that the largest glacier complexes have areas on the order of tens of thousands of square kilometers whereas the largest glaciers are several thousands of square kilometers. The world's largest glaciers and glacier complexes are located in the Antarctic, Arctic and Patagonia.
MERIP and Political Economy in Middle East Studies
Authors: Beinin Joel 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe Middle East Research and Information Project (MERIP) was founded in 1971 as a project of the American New Left in solidarity with and drawing inspiration from the Beirut-centered Arab New Left and anti-imperialist struggles for national liberation in the Middle East and North Africa. The question of Palestine was a central, but certainly not exclusive, concern. From its origins MERIP was committed to political economy as a key method to understanding the Middle East and North Africa. It highlighted the importance of oil in the regional power structure and to the emergent U.S. empire. Many of its articles featured analyses of the social relationships of class and capital. MERIP was wary of “Arab socialism” and pan-Arab nationalism as official state ideologies. Its analysis of the 1979 Iranian revolution won MERIP and its emphasis on the importance of political economy a respected place in Anglo-American academia. Political economy never disappeared from MERIP's orientation, although its salience declined from the mid-1980s to the mid-2000s. The financial crisis of 2008 drew renewed attention to the structure of global capitalism. MERIP's history positioned it to participate in the renewed attention to class, capital, markets with more attention to the racialized and gendered character of these relationships.
Drivers of inflation convergence across countries: the role of standard gravity variables
Authors: Yilmazkuday Hakan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractUsing monthly headline inflation data covering 184 countries for the period between January 1971 and December 2020, this paper investigates the role of standard gravity variables on inflation convergence across country pairs. The convergence analysis by unit root tests is based on ten-year rolling windows to control for potential structural changes over time, whereas the corresponding results are connected to the standard gravity variables in the preceding year to investigate the drivers of inflation convergence and its speed. Regarding the existence of inflation convergence, empirical results show that having a common currency, a free trade agreement, proximity, a common border, or a colonial relationship between countries increases the probability of inflation convergence. Regarding the speed of inflation convergence, the very same gravity variables are shown to reduce the half-life of convergence. In both cases, the effects of having a common currency are shown to dominate those of other gravity variables.
Fair Use of Geographical Indications: Another Look at the Spirited Debate on the Level of Protection
Authors: Song Xinzhe , Wang Xiaoyan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOne of the most contested issues in international trade negotiations is the level of protection granted to geographical indications (GIs). WTO Members are divided between the ‘Old World’ represented by the European Union and the ‘New World’ headed by the United States. For decades, conventional wisdom has suggested that the debate is indeed a disagreement over the terroir idea. This article tackles the debate from a largely unexplored perspective, namely, fair use exceptions, which allows us to find the opposite: even if countries embraced the terroir idea equally, the divide on protection level would persist because of divergent approaches to the fair use of GIs. This divergence derives from countries’ different preferences for balancing conflicting interests, different policy goals, and different understandings of what is ‘fair’. Other countries should take these considerations into account when choosing a protection level suitable for their national conditions and goals.
Effects of Typhoon on Saltwater Intrusion in a High Discharge Estuary
Authors: Li Linjiang , Wang Chuning , Pareja‐Roman L. Fernando , Zhu Jianrong , Chant Robert J. , Wang Guihua 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSaltwater intrusion in the Changjiang Estuary occurs in winter and dry season, which may affect drinking water supply in Shanghai. An atypical saltwater intrusion event, observed under high river discharge (>20,000 m3/s) in October 2018, coincided with the passage of super typhoon Kong‐rey. The response of the estuarine salt field is reproduced here with a numerical model for analysis with a Eulerian framework. Model results show that saltwater intrusion was mainly due to the landward advection of salt (∼260 t/s), which was driven by the storm surge (∼0.4 m) and landward Ekman transport under typhoon winds. The sheared salt flux (∼145 t/s) significantly contributes to the total landward flux, especially when the surge recedes after the typhoon has passed. Northwesterly winds increased vertical shear and stratification during the event. The maximum saltwater intrusion occurred about a day after the typhoon passage, and the salinity at the freshwater reservoir intake exceeds the local drinking standard of 0.45 psu. A numerical experiment shows that if Kong‐rey had passed during spring tide, the saltwater intrusion would have been weaker due to a stronger northward transport near the coast and a landward transport in the southern channels.
Differential Bank Migration Limits the Lifespan and Width of Braided Channel Threads
Authors: Chadwick A. J. , Steel E. , Passalacqua P. , Paola C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSuccessful management of flooding and erosion hazards on floodplains depends on our ability to predict a river channel's shape and the lifespan during which it will continue to flow. Recent progress has improved our understanding of what sets the lifespan and width of single‐thread channels; the next challenge is to extend this knowledge to braided channels and their interwoven sub‐channels (threads). In this study, we investigate the lifespan and width of braided channel threads in a large experimental data set, coupled with particle‐image velocimetry‐derived measurements of riverbank erosion and accretion. We find that, unlike single‐thread channels, braided channels in the experiment do not exhibit an equilibrium between bank erosion and accretion. Instead, bank erosion outpaces lateral accretion, causing individual threads to widen and infill until they are abandoned. Thread lifespan is limited to the time it takes for threads to triple their width: tripling of the width yields enough bank material to aggrade more than half the channel depth, at which point flow is rerouted to a narrower thread. In consequence the width of active threads is limited to three times their initial width. Threshold channel theory accurately predicts the median thread width, which is roughly double the initial width and two‐thirds the limiting width. The results are consistent with existing field data and suggest that differential bank migration is sufficient to explain why braided channels show greater width variability and higher width‐to‐depth ratios than their single‐thread counterparts.
Intensification of Very Wet Monsoon Seasons in India Under Global Warming
Authors: Katzenberger Anja , Levermann Anders , Schewe Jacob , Pongratz Julia 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRainfall‐intense summer monsoon seasons on the Indian subcontinent that are exceeding long‐term averages cause widespread floods and landslides. Here we show that the latest generation of coupled climate models robustly project an intensification of very rainfall‐intense seasons (June–September). Under the shared socioeconomic pathway SSP5‐8.5, very wet monsoon seasons as observed in only 5 years in the period 1965–2015 are projected to occur 8 times more often in 2050–2100 in the multi‐model average. Under SSP2‐4.5, these seasons become only a factor of 6 times more frequent, showing that even modest efforts to mitigate climate change can have a strong impact on the frequency of very strong rainfall seasons. Besides, we find that the increasing risk of extreme seasonal rainfall is accompanied by a shift from days with light rainfall to days with moderate or heavy rainfall. Additionally, the number of wet days is projected to increase.
Kobe earthquake: An urban disaster
Authors: Somerville Paul 
Published: August 2022

The January 17,1995, Hyogo‐ken Nanbu earthquake was the most damaging to strike Japan since the great Kanto earthquake destroyed large areas of Tokyo and Yokohama and killed 143,000 people in 1923. As of January 30, the toll from the earthquake in Kobe and adjacent cities had reached 5,096 dead, 13 missing, and 26,797 injured. One‐fifth of the city's 1.5 million population was left homeless and more than 103,521 buildings were destroyed. The HyogoPrefectural Government estimated the cost of restoring basic functions to be about $100 billion dollars; the total losses including losses of privately owned property and reduction in business activity may be twice this amount, which would be 10 times higher than losses resulting from the 1994 Northridge, Calif., earthquake.
Influence of maternal and perinatal factors on macronutrient content of very preterm human milk during the first weeks after birth
Authors: Borràs-Novell Cristina , Herranz Barbero Ana , Balcells Esponera Carla , López-Abad Miriam , Aldecoa Bilbao Victoria , Izquierdo Renau Montserrat , Iglesias Platas Isabel 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
To identify changes in macronutrient content of very preterm human milk associated with perinatal factors.

Study design
Milk macronutrients were measured on weeks 1, 2, 4 and 8 with mid-infrared transmission spectrometers.

Result
We assessed 625 samples (from 117 mothers and 130 very preterm infants). Average concentrations were: protein 1.3 ± 0.3 g/dl, carbohydrates 7.3 ± 0.6 g/dl, fat 3.7 ± 1.0 g/dl and energy 296.0 ± 41.0 kJ/dl (70.7 kcal/dl). Gestational age negatively correlated with protein (rho: −0.307, p < 0.001) and energy (r: −0.193, p = 0.003). Advanced maternal age, gestational age and intrauterine growth restriction were independently associated with milk protein content over the first 4 weeks (adjusted R2: 0.113, p = 0.002).

Conclusion
These findings may help neonatologists identify patients fed Mother´s Own Milk who are at increased risk of poor postnatal growth.
A novel circulating miRNA panel for non-invasive ovarian cancer diagnosis and prognosis
Authors: Gahlawat Aoife Ward , Witte Tania , Haarhuis Lisa , Schott Sarah 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundOvarian cancer (OC) is an aggressive disease, primarily diagnosed in late stages with only 20% of patients surviving more than 5 years after diagnosis. There is a pending need to improve current diagnostics and prognostics.MethodsIn this study, we investigated total circulating cell-free microRNA (cf-miRNA) levels as well as a panel of cf-miRNAs in the plasma of OC patients (n = 100), patients with benign lesions (n = 45) and healthy controls (n = 99).ResultsHigh levels of cf-miRNAs correlated with unfavourable clinical features and were an independent prognosticator of patient survival. By mining NGS data, we identified a signature panel of seven individual cf-miRNAs which could distinguish controls from benign cases with an AUC of 0.77 and controls from cancer cases with an AUC of 0.87. Importantly, in combination with the current gold-standard marker, CA-125, the panel could predict early OC with an AUC of 0.93.ConclusionOur findings highlight the potential of cf-miRNA levels as well as individual cf-miRNAs for OC diagnosis and prognosis that warrants further clinical evaluation.
Eukaryotic initiation factor 5A2 mediates hypoxia-induced autophagy and cisplatin resistance
Authors: Xu Guodong , Chen Hang , Wu Shibo , Chen Jiabin , Zhang Shufen , Shao Guofeng , Sun Lebo , Mu Yinyu , Liu Kaitai , Pan Qiaoling , Li Ni , An Xiaoxia , Lin Shuang , Chen Wei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHypoxia-induced cisplatin resistance is a major challenge during non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment. Based on previous studies, we further explored the effect of eukaryotic initiation factor 5A2 (eIF5A2) in hypoxia-induced cisplatin resistance. In this study, we found that autophagy and cisplatin resistance were increased under hypoxic conditions in three different NSCLC cell lines. Compared with that under normoxic conditions, dramatic upregulation of eIF5A2 and hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha (HIF-1α) levels were detected under hypoxia exposure. Small interfering RNA silencing of HIF-1α resulted in decreased expression of eIF5A2, indicating that eIF5A2 acts downstream of HIF-1α. In addition, the expression of eIF5A2 was significantly higher in NSCLC tumors compared with that in normal tissues. RNA silencing-mediated downregulation of eIF5A2 decreased hypoxia-induced autophagy, thereby reducing hypoxia-induced cisplatin resistance in NSCLC cells. The roles of eIF5A2 in cisplatin resistance were further validated in vivo. Combined treatment using eIF5A2-targeted downregulation together with cisplatin significantly inhibited tumor growth compared with cisplatin alone in the subcutaneous mouse model. In conclusions, eIF5A2 overexpression is involved in hypoxia-induced autophagy during cisplatin resistance. We suggest that a combination of eIF5A2 targeted therapy and cisplatin chemotherapy is probably an effective strategy to reverse hypoxia-induced cisplatin resistance and inhibit NSCLC development.
Gemcitabine resistance of pancreatic cancer cells is mediated by IGF1R dependent upregulation of CD44 expression and isoform switching
Authors: Chen Chen , Zhao Shujie , Zhao Xiangru , Cao Lin , Karnad Anand , Kumar Addanki P. , Freeman James W. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractChemoresistance in pancreatic cancer cells may be caused by the expansion of inherently resistant cancer cells or by the adaptive plasticity of initially sensitive cancer cells. We investigated how CD44 isoforms switching contributed to gemcitabine resistance. Treating CD44 null/low single-cell clones with increasing amounts of gemcitabine caused an increase in expression of CD44 and development of gemcitabine resistant (GR) cells. Drug sensitivity, invasiveness, and EMT process was evaluated by MTT, Matrigel invasion assays, and western blots. Genetic knockdown and pharmacological inhibitors were used to examine the roles of CD44 and IGF1R in mediating gemcitabine resistance. CD44 promoter activity and its interactive EMT-related transcription factors were evaluated by luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Kaplan–Meier curve was created by log-rank test to reveal the clinical relevance of CD44 and IGF1R expression in patients. We found silence of CD44 in GR cells partially restored E-cadherin expression, reduced ZEB1 expression, and increased drug sensitivity. The gemcitabine-induced CD44 expressing and isoform switching were associated with an increase in nuclear accumulation of phosphor-cJun, Ets1, and Egr1 and binding of these transcription factors to the CD44 promoter. Gemcitabine treatment induced phosphorylation of IGF1R and increased the expression of phosphor-cJun, Ets1, and Egr1 within 72 h. Stimulation or suppression of IGF1R signaling or its downstream target promoted or blocked CD44 promoter activity. Clinically, patients whose tumors expressed high levels of CD44/IGF1R showed a poor prognosis. This study suggests that IGF1R-dependent CD44 isoform switching confers pancreatic cancer cells to undergo an adaptive change in response to gemcitabine and provides the basis for improved targeted therapy of pancreatic cancer.
Preclinical assessment of antigen-specific chimeric antigen receptor regulatory T cells for use in solid organ transplantation
Authors: Proics Emma , David Marion , Mojibian Majid , Speck Madeline , Lounnas-Mourey Nadia , Govehovitch Adeline , Baghdadi Wissam , Desnouveaux Justine , Bastian Hervé , Freschi Laura , Privat Geoffrey , Pouzet Cédric , Grossi Mauro , Heimendinger Pierre , Abel Tobias , Fenard David , Levings Megan K. , Meyer François , Dumont Céline 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA primary goal in transplantation medicine is the induction of a tolerogenic environment for prevention of transplant rejection without the need for long-term pharmacological immunosuppression. Generation of alloantigen-specific regulatory T cells (Tregs) by transduction with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) is a promising strategy to achieve this goal. This publication reports the preclinical characterization of Tregs (TR101) transduced with a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*02 CAR lentiviral vector (TX200) designated to induce immunosuppression of allograft-specific effector T cells in HLA-A*02-negative recipients of HLA-A*02-positive transplants. In vitro results demonstrated specificity, immunosuppressive function, and safety of TX200-TR101. In NOD scid gamma (NSG) mice, TX200-TR101 prevented graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) in a xenogeneic GvHD model and TX200-TR101 Tregs localized to human HLA-A*02-positive skin transplants in a transplant model. TX200-TR101 persisted over the entire duration of a 3-month study in humanized HLA-A*02 NSG mice and remained stable, without switching to a proinflammatory phenotype. Concomitant tacrolimus did not impair TX200-TR101 Treg survival or their ability to inhibit peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) engraftment. These data demonstrate that TX200-TR101 is specific, stable, efficacious, and safe in preclinical models, and provide the basis for a first-in-human study.
Recursive Editing improves homology-directed repair through retargeting of undesired outcomes
Authors: Möller Lukas , Aird Eric J. , Schröder Markus S. , Kobel Lena , Kissling Lucas , van de Venn Lilly , Corn Jacob E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCRISPR-Cas induced homology-directed repair (HDR) enables the installation of a broad range of precise genomic modifications from an exogenous donor template. However, applications of HDR in human cells are often hampered by poor efficiency, stemming from a preference for error-prone end joining pathways that yield short insertions and deletions. Here, we describe Recursive Editing, an HDR improvement strategy that selectively retargets undesired indel outcomes to create additional opportunities to produce the desired HDR allele. We introduce a software tool, named REtarget, that enables the rational design of Recursive Editing experiments. Using REtarget-designed guide RNAs in single editing reactions, Recursive Editing can simultaneously boost HDR efficiencies and reduce undesired indels. We also harness REtarget to generate databases for particularly effective Recursive Editing sites across the genome, to endogenously tag proteins, and to target pathogenic mutations. Recursive Editing constitutes an easy-to-use approach without potentially deleterious cell manipulations and little added experimental burden.