bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Safety of Shenqu Xiaoshi Oral Liquid Compared With Domperidone Syrup in Children With Functional Dyspepsia
Authors: Yu Yi , Xie Xiao-Li , Wu Jie , Li Zhong-Yue , He Zhi-Gang , Liang Chun-Jie , Jin Zhong-Qin , Wang Ai-Zhen , Gu Jian , Huang Ying , Mei Hong , Shi Wei , Hu Si-Yuan , Jiang Xun , Du Juan , Hu Chi-Jun , Gu Li , Jiang Mao-Lin , Mao Zhi-Qin , Xu Chun-Di 
Published: February 2022

Background: Treatment of functional dyspepsia (FD) in children is generally symptomatic and unsatisfactory. Traditional Chinese medicines, such as Shenqu Xiaoshi Oral Liquid (SXOL), have been recommended to alleviate dyspeptic symptoms. However, evidence of their safety and efficacy remains limited to date. AIM: To assess whether 2 weeks of therapy with SXOL was non-inferior to domperidone syrup in children with FD.Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, double-simulated, non-inferiority, multi-center clinical trial, we recruited children (3–14 years) with FD according to the Rome IV criteria from 17 tertiary medical centers across China. Patients were randomly allocated (1:1) to receive SXOL or domperidone syrup for 2 weeks. We compared the participants’ clinical scores from both groups based on the severity and frequency of dyspepsia symptoms according to Rome IV criteria (0, 1, 2, and 4 weeks after randomization). The primary endpoint was the total response rate, which was defined as the proportion of patients with a decrease of 30% or more in the FD symptoms clinical score from baseline, at the end of the 2-weeks treatment. A non-inferiority margin of -10% was set. Secondary endpoints and adverse events were assessed. This trial is registered with www.Chictr.org.cn, number ChiCTR1900022654.Results: Between February 2019 and March 2021, a total of 373 patients were assessed for eligibility, and 356 patients were enrolled and randomized. The clinical response rate at week two was similar for SXOL [118 (83.10%) of 142] and domperidone [128 (81.01%) of 158]; difference 2.09; 95% CI −6.74 to 10.71, thereby establishing non-inferiority. The total FD symptom scores were significantly improved in the two groups at 1-, 2-, and 4-weeks follow-up periods (p &lt; 0.005). The decrease in symptom score compared with the baseline were similar between these two groups. Over the total study period, 10 patients experienced at least one treatment-related adverse event [six (3.37%)] in the SXOL group, four [(2.25%) in the domperidone group], although no serious adverse event was noted.Conclusion: Treatment with SXOL effectively improves dyspeptic symptoms and is well tolerated. In addition, it is not inferior to domperidone syrup and leads to sustained improvement in Chinese children with FD.
Static and Dynamic Measurements of Compliance and Driving Pressure: A Pilot Study
Authors: Tawfik Pierre , Syed Muhammad K. Hayat , Elmufdi Firas S. , Evans Michael D. , Dries David J. , Marini John J. 
Published: February 2022

RationaleMonitoring tidal cycle mechanics is key to lung protection. For this purpose, compliance and driving pressure of the respiratory system are often measured clinically using the plateau pressure, obtained after imposing an extended end-inspiratory pause, which allows for relaxation of the respiratory system and redistribution of inflation volume (method A). Alternative methods for estimating compliance and driving pressure utilize the measured pressure at the earliest instance of zero flow (method B), the inspiratory slope of the pressure-time tracing during inflation with constant flow (method C), and the expiratory time constant (method D).MethodsTen passive mechanically ventilated subjects, at a large tertiary referral center, underwent measurements of compliance and driving pressure using the four different methods. The inspiratory tidal volume, inspiratory to expiratory ratio, and positive end expiratory pressures were then adjusted from baseline and the measurements re-obtained.ResultsMethod A yielded consistently higher compliance and lower driving pressure calculations compared to methods B and C. Methods B and C most closely approximated one another. Method D did not yield a consistent reliable pattern.ConclusionStatic measurements of compliance and driving pressure using the plateau pressure may underestimate the maximum pressure experienced by the most vulnerable lung units during dynamic inflation. Utilizing the pressure at zero flow as a static measurement, or the inspiratory slope as a dynamic measurement, may calculate a truer estimate of the maximum alveolar pressure that generates stress upon compromised lung units.
Chronic, Combined Cardiac and Renal Dysfunction Exacerbates Renal Venous Pressure-Induced Suppression of Renal Function in Rats
Authors: Hamza Shereen M. , Huang Xiaohua , Zehra Tayyaba , Zhuang Wenqing , Cupples William A. , Braam Branko 
Published: February 2022

Background and ObjectiveIncreased renal venous pressure (RVP) is common in combined heart and kidney failure. We previously showed that acute RVP elevation depresses renal blood flow (RBF), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and induces renal vasoconstriction in the absence of changes in blood pressure in healthy rats. We used our established rodent model of chronic combined heart and kidney failure (H/KF) to test whether RVP elevation would impair cardiovascular stability, renal perfusion and exacerbate renal dysfunction.MethodsMale rats were subjected to 5/6 nephrectomy (SNx or Sham) and 6% high salt diet followed 7 weeks later by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (CL or Sham). Experimental groups: CL + SNx (n = 12), Sham CL + SNx (n = 9), CL+ Sham SNx (n = 6), and Sham Control (n = 6). Six weeks later, anesthetized rats were subjected to an acute experiment whereupon mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), RVP, RBF, and GFR were measured at baseline and during elevation of RVP to 20–25 mmHg for 120 min.ResultsBaseline MAP, HR, RBF, and renal vascular conductance (RVC) were comparable among groups. Baseline GFR was significantly depressed in CL + SNx and Sham CL + SNx groups compared to Sham Control and CL + Sham SNx groups. Upon RVP increase, MAP and HR fell in all groups. Increased RVP exacerbated the reduction in RBF in CL + SNx (−6.4 ± 0.9 ml/min) compared to Sham Control (−3.7 ± 0.9 ml/min, p &lt; 0.05) with intermediate responses in Sham CL + SNx (−6.8 ± 1.3 ml/min) and CL + Sham SNx (−5.1 ± 0.4 ml/min) groups. RVP increase virtually eliminated GFR in CL + SNx (−99 ± 1%), Sham CL + SNx (−95 ± 5%), and CL + Sham SNx (−100%) groups compared to Sham Control (−84 ± 15% from baseline; p &lt; 0.05). Renal vascular conductance dropped significantly upon RVP increase in rats with HF (CL + SNx: −0.035 ± 0.011; CL + Sham SNx: −0.050 ± 0.005 ml/min·mmHg−1, p &lt; 0.05) but not Sham CL + SNx (−0.001 ± 0.019 ml/min·mmHg−1) or Control (−0.033 ± mL/min·mmHg−1).ConclusionChronic combined heart and kidney failure primarily impairs renal hemodynamic stability in response to elevated RVP compared to healthy rats.
Trauma Exposure and Prolonged Grief Disorder Among Persons Receiving Community Mental Health Services: Rates and Correlates
Authors: Lu Weili , Yanos Philip T. , Waynor William R. , Gao Carol E. , Bazan Carolyn , Giacobbe Giovanna , Gill Kenneth , Bullock Deanna , Prigerson Holly G. 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundPersons with serious mental illnesses (SMIs) are at increased risk for exposure to trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD) may also impact this population but has been seldom studied.AimsThe present study investigated the rate of both PTSD and PGD among clients receiving community mental health services, and the clinical correlates of co-occurring PTSD/PGD.MethodsTrauma history, PTSD and PGD were assessed among 536 individuals receiving community mental health services (Study 1). A subsample of 127 individuals from Study 1 who met DSM-5 criteria for PTSD based on diagnostic interview completed measures of psychiatric symptoms (Study 2).ResultsIn Study 1, 92.4% of participants receiving community mental health services had experienced a traumatic event, 49.6% met criteria for probable and provisional PTSD, 14.7% scored positive for probable PGD, and 11.9% met criteria for probable and provisional PTSD as well as probable PGD. In Study 2, participants meeting diagnostic DSM-5 criteria for PTSD and probable PGD had more self-reported PTSD symptoms, but did not differ on other outcomes.ConclusionsFindings highlight the need for trauma informed services including grief counseling for persons with SMI.
Association Between Mental Health Outcomes and Changes in Lifestyle Behavior Index Among Saudi Adults 16 Weeks After COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown Release
Authors: Abd El-Fatah Nesrin Kamal , Alshehri Abdalsalam Abdullah , Alsulami Fatma H. , Alasmari Norah , Osman Nermin A. 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundThe current (coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19]) pandemic is still uncontrolled with associated dramatic changes in daily lifestyle activities. Evidence for studying the impact of these health behavior changes on our mental health is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of psychological distresses and assess their influence by the change in the composite lifestyle behaviors before the COVID-19 pandemic till 16 weeks after the lockdown release in Saudi Arabia.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted between October 10 and 31, 2020 by posting an online survey on social media platforms (WhatsApp and Twitter) to collect data on participants' sociodemographic, lifestyle behaviors, and mental health aspects using a validated Arabic version of the short-form version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21).ResultsA total of 363 responded to the questionnaire. The mean age was 36.26 ± 8.54 years, and 238 (65.6%) were men. Depression, stress, and anxiety were reported in 37.5, 26.7, and 16.5% of the participants, respectively. Negative lifestyle behavioral changes were significantly associated with stress and anxiety (p &lt; 0.05). Logistic regression revealed that financial distress and history of psychiatric illnesses were common significant factors for developing the psychological distresses.ConclusionThroughout the post-lockdown stage of the COVID-19 outbreak in Saudi Arabia, there was an evidence of psychological distresses among the adults. Negative health-related changes are directly linked with increased psychological distress. Effective health promotion strategies directed toward adopting and maintaining positive change in the composite health behaviors are crucial.
Case Report: Combined Small Cell Lung Carcinoma With Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Shen Cheng , Che Guowei 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundCombined small cell lung carcinoma is defined as cancer tissues that mainly contain small cell lung cancer (SCLC) components with non-SCLC (NSCLC) histopathological types. The most common part of NSCLC is squamous cell carcinoma or large cell carcinoma. Combined SCLC (CSCLC) contains adenocarcinoma is extremely rare.Case PresentationWe reported a case with surgically treated diagnosed as CSCLC with adenocarcinoma in an elderly and we summarized the clinical features of this disease. The patient has remained well for over 2 weeks after the treatment.ConclusionThere are still few research reports on CSCLC. Since the survival time of patients with advanced CSCLC is shorter than that of simple SCLC, the recommended treatment for CSCLC is early detection and early surgery. In order to facilitate preoperative diagnosis and avoid misdiagnosis of such rare diseases, more cases need to be reported.
OBESITAS PADA ANAK SEBAGAI FAKTOR RISIKO TERJADINYA PENYAKIT KARDIOVASKULER
Authors: Marhaeni Gusti Ayu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Obesity occurs because of a chronic disorder of energy imbalance arising as a result of complex interactions between genetic, social factors, behavioral and environmental factors. For children and adolescents, overweight and obesity are defined using specific normograms of age and gender for body mass index (BMI). Children with a BMI equal to or greater than the 95th percentile by age-gender specific defined obesity. The purpose of this paper to explain the causes and risks of obesity in children. Method used is with literature searches related to obesity. The search results show the causes of obesity is genetic, environmental and lifestyle. Childhood obesity increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and atherosclerosis. Hypertension occurs because of the hemodynamic changes that occur in obesity direct impact on the increase in blood flow necessary for perfusion. Obesity increases the risk of developing hypertension in which each 10 kg increase in body weight was associated with an increase 3.0 mmHg systolic and 2.3 mmHg diastolic of blood pressure. Early manifestation of atherosclerosis is the accumulation of lipid-macrophages in the intima arterial. Atherosclerotic lesions in the coronary arteries which increases at a young age lead to some increase in risk factors for atherosclerosis.Keywords: Obesity; child; hypertension; atherosclerosis Abstrak. Obesitas terjadi karena adanya gangguan kronis dari ketidakseimbangan energi yang timbul sebagai akibat dari interaksi kompleks antara genetik, faktor sosial, perilaku dan faktor lingkungan. Untuk anak-anak dan remaja, kelebihan berat badan dan obesitas didefinisikan menggunakan normograms spesifik usia dan jenis kelamin untuk indeks massa tubuh (IMT). Anak-anak dengan IMT sama dengan atau melebihi persentil ke-95 pada usia-spesifik gender didefinisikan obesitas. Tujuan dari penulisan ini untuk memaparkan penyebab dan risiko obesitas pada anak. Metode penulisan yang digunakan adalah dengan penelusuran pustaka terkait obesitas. Hasil penelusuran menunjukkan faktor penyebab obesitas adalah genetik, lingkungan dan gaya hidup. Obesitas pada anak meningkatkan resiko terjadinya penyakit kardiovaskuler seperti hipertensi dan aterosklerosis. Hipertensi terjadi karena perubahan hemodinamik yang terjadi pada obesitas berakibat langsung pada peningkatan aliran darah yang diperlukan untuk perfusi. Obesitas meningkatkan risiko terkena hipertensi dimana setiap kenaikan 10 kg berat badan dikaitkan dengan peningkatan 3,0 mmHg sistolik, dan diastolik 2,3 mmHg tekanan darah. Manifestasi awal dari aterosklerosis adalah akumulasi lipid-makrofag dalam arteri intima. Lesi Aterosklerotik di arteri koroner yang meningkat pada usia muda menyebabkan beberapa peningkatan faktor risiko Aterosklerosis.Kata Kunci : Obesitas; anak; hipertensi; aterosklerosis
HUBUNGAN INISIASI MENYUSU DINI (IMD) DAN PEMBERIAN AIR SUSU IBU (ASI) EKSKLUSIF DI RSUD WANGAYA KOTA DENPASAR
Authors: Irawan Jessica 
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Immediate breastfeeding indeed has positive impacts for both mother and baby. Based on Fika’s and Syafiq’s research, a mother who does immediate breastfeeding has 2-8x higher chance in giving exclusive breastfeeding. The purpose of this research is to understand the relationship between immediate breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding at Kaswari Ward Wangaya Hospital, Denpasar City. For this research, we used analytic approach with case control as the study design. Population that we use was mothers who have 7-12 months old baby in Kaswari Ward Wangaya Hospital, Denpasar City. Sampling was done through purposive sampling method, with the sample of 50 mothers. Whereas, data analysis was done by using chi square method. The result of this research shows that there was positive correlation between the practice of immediate breastfeeding and giving exclusive breastfeeding (p value=0,04). Thus, mother who practices immediate breastfeeding has 5x higher opportunity to give exclusive breastfeeding.Keywords: Immidiate Breastfeeding, Exclusive Breastfeeding, The mothers Group Who Gets Health Services at Wangaya Hospital
Експериментальне визначення основних параметрів тормозу відкатних частин артилерійської гармати, що впливають на його характеристики
Authors: Адаменко Богдан Іванович , Майстренко Олександр Анатолійович , Петушков Володимир Валерійович 
Published: February 2022

Запропонований в статті підхід дозволив авторам провести експериментальне комплексне дослідження гідродинамічного робочого процесу гальма відкотних частин з одночасним спостереженням змін динамічних і кінематичних характеристик центру мас відкотних частин. Підтверджені два шляхи управління характеристикою гальма зміною сумарного ефективного прохідного перетину калібрувальних жиклерів, пазів й клапану модератора або щільності імпульсу. На основі методу малих відхилень авторами запропонований експериментальний підхід з обґрунтування гранично допустимих відхилень характеристик гальма, а також уточнені підходи до відновлення характеристик гальма відкотних частин. Не обхідність експериментальних досліджень при дослідженні основних параметрів гальма відкотних частин артилерійської гармати диктувалася, перш за все, не обхідністю підтвердження достовірності нових результатів, що отримані під час теоретичних досліджень. Зауважимо, що всі математичні моделі робочих процесів, наведені авторами, використовують експериментальні коефіцієнти багатопараметричних взаємозв’язків, виділити які окремо не представляється можливим. З метою перевірки адекватності результатів теоретичних досліджень із стійкості та нерухомості артилерійської гармати авторами розроблені загальна й приватна методики експериментальних досліджень робочого процесу гальма відкотних частин, експериментальна установка для дослідження параметрів гальма відкотних частин. Результати експе риментальних досліджень підтверджують встановлений теоретичний зв’язок нерухомості та стійкості гармати від величини зміни параметрів робочої рідини гальма відкотних частин (характеристики гальма) і конструк ції вдосконаленого модератора. Проведені дослідження показали адекватність теоретичних й експериментальних результатів, отриманих авторами. Експериментально встановлено збільшення параметрів стійкості та нерухомості артилерійської гармати на 13−15% при реалізації запропонованого авторами способу ступеневої зміни перетікання робочої рідини і застосування удосконаленого модератора.
Проблемні аспекти і критичні ситуації концептуального характера, що виникають під час формування національних воєнних стратегій, стратегічному плануванні та реалізації складних систем і технологій військового призначення
Authors: Величко Олександр Федорович , Гриб Дмитро Анатолійович , Демідов Борис Олексійович , Луханін Михайло Іванович , Турінський Олександр Васильович , Чепков Ігор Борисович 
Published: February 2022

У статті розглядаються проблемні аспекти та критичні ситуації концептуального характеру, що виникають на сучасному етапі розвитку збройних сил та їх систем озброєння. Проводиться аналіз передового досвіду провідних країн світу для розв'язання тупикових ситуацій, які стримують подальший розвиток та застосування високотехнологічних і наукомістких складних систем і технологій військового призначення.Виходячи з положень національних воєнних стратегій і коаліційних стратегій союзних країн сформульовані питання інноваційного розвитку збройних сил та їх систем озброєння з урахуванням прогнозованих ресурсних обмежень. Наводяться приклади подальшого розвитку озброєння та військової техніки (ОВТ) за деякими напрямками, такими, як безпілотні літальні апарати і пілотовані літаки, а також за інноваційними пропозиціями щодо розвитку ОВТ і проблем-них питань, трансформації відповідних ключових і керівних документів, формування низки інтегруючих концепцій, ролі науково-технічного і технологічного набутку в рамках підготовки до ведення війн нового типу.
Genetic Variability of the System of Nitrogen Oxide Synthesis in Cardiomyocyte - a New Predictor of the Development of Drug-Induced Long QT Interval Syndrome Due to Antiarrhythmic Therapy
Authors: Колоцей Л.В. , Снежицкий В.А. 
Published: February 2022

Роль генетического компонента в механизме возникновения медикаментозно обусловленного синдрома интервала QT (СУИ QT) не подлежит сомнению, а многообразие обнаруженных генетических вариаций не ограничивается мутациями в генах, напрямую регулирующих структуру ионных каналов. В течение последних лет был идентифицирован ряд латентных мутаций в генах врожденного СУИ QT и обнаружены функциональные полиморфизмы в тех же или иных генах, связанные с повышенным риском внезапной сердечной смерти. К одним из наиболее перспективных предикторов развития медикаментозно обусловленного удлинения интервала QT относятся полиморфные варианты гена адаптерного белка нейрональной синтазы оксида азота (NOS1AP), кодирующего синтез данного адаптерного белка, в свою очередь, влияющего на физиологические эффекты нейрональной NO-синтазы и оксида азота, одним из которых является участие в регуляции желудочковой реполяризации. В данной статье отражены современные представления о механизмах медикаментозно обусловленного удлинения интервала QT и аритмогенеза у пациентов с дефицитом NO-синтазы и ее адаптерного белка, вызванных различными полиморфными вариантами гена NOS1AP.
Genetic alterations have very important meaning in the mechanism of the onset of drug-induced QT interval syndrome (LQTS). Diversity of the detected genetic variations is not limited to mutations in the genes that directly regulate the structure of ion channels. Recently a number of "latent" mutations in the genes of congenital LQTS have been identified and single nucleotide polymorphisms in the genes associated with an increased risk of sudden cardiac death have been found. One of the most promising predictors of drug-induced QT interval prolongation is genetic variability of the neuronal NO synthase adaptor protein gene (NOS1AP), which encodes the synthesis of this adaptor protein, which in turn affects the physiological effects of neuronal NO synthase and nitric oxide, which regulate ventricular repolarization. This article reflects the up-to-date information on the mechanisms of drug-induced QT interval prolongation and arrhythmogenesis in patients with a NO synthase and its adaptor protein deficiency, caused by single nucleotide polymorphism variations of the NOS1AP gene.