bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experience-dependent phosphoproteomic changes in hippocampus and neocortex correlate with the abundance of spindle oscillations during the transition between SWS and REM sleep
Authors: Souza Annie C. , Golbert Daiane C. F. , Cassoli Juliana S. , Sánchez-Gendriz Ignacio , Lima Vinícius V. F. , Cini Felipe A. , Martins-de-Souza Daniel , Ribeiro Sidarta 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The role of sleep on memory consolidation is thought to involve experience-dependent changes in spindle oscillations and protein phosphorylation, but how these phenomena are related remains poorly understood. To gain insight into this relationship, we used electrophysiological recordings and quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis to assess spindle oscillations and phosphoprotein levels in the hippocampus (HP) and primary somatosensory cortex (S1) of adult male rats recorded across the sleep cycle. Animals were surgically implanted with multielectrode probes and after recovery were exposed or unexposed to novel objects (+ and – groups, respectively). HP and S1 samples were obtained after periods rich in either slow-wave sleep (SWS) or rapid-eye-movement sleep. Bottom-up shotgun mass spectrometry in a two-dimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry setup (MSE mode with label-free quantification) showed that the proteomes differed in the numbers of phosphoproteins identified by phosphoryl modification STY tags, with a total of 337 validated phosphoproteins identified in S1 and 198 in the HP. A comparison of the phosphoproteomic profiles of the treatments and regions (SWS+ versus SWS-, REM+ versus REM-, REM+ versus SWS+ and REM- versus SWS-), using clustering analysis of the significantly identified phosphoproteins, found that 51 phosphoproteins from S1 were sufficient to separate the four experimental conditions, while 37 phosphoproteins from the HP could only partially separate the groups. Fold change analysis identified 90 significantly modulated phosphoproteins related to synaptic function, actin-microtubule regulation, DNA-RNA binding, proteases-phosphatases-kinases and other regulatory functions, including CaMKII and MAPK. In both the HP and S1, nearly one third of the clustering-relevant phosphoproteins had levels significantly correlated with the abundance of spindle oscillations pooled across the transition from SWS to REM. In S1, phosphorylated Reelin was upregulated during REM compared to SWS, in proportion to the number of spindle oscillations during the transition from SWS to REM. In the HP, a voltage-gated calcium channel subunit (Cacna2d1) was down-regulated during SWS+ compared to REM+, in proportion to spindle counts. Since spindles facilitate calcium entry through the opening of voltage-dependent calcium channels, Cacna2d1 down-regulation may lead to a hippocampus-specific, REM-dependent downregulation of synaptic plasticity after exposure to novel objects. The results point to major experience-dependent differences between HP and S1 in phosphoproteomic regulation across the sleep cycle, with potential implications for memory corticalization.
Association of sublingual microcirculation parameters and capillary refill time in the early phase of ICU admission
Authors: Huang Weipeng , Xiang Hui , Hu Chang , Wu Tong , Zhang Dandan , Ma Siqing , Hu Bo , Li Jianguo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Recent studies demonstrate the advantage of peripheral perfusion-targeted resuscitation protocols based on capillary refill time (CRT) assessment in critically ill patients. Additionally, sidestream dark field (SDF) imaging could direct visualize sublingual microcirculation of critically ill patients. This study aimed to determine the association between the sublingual microcirculation and CRT in critically ill patients in the early phase of intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Methods: This prospective, observational, pilot study included 282 patients in the ICU of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University between October 2021 and January 2022. All patients underwent simultaneous measurements by CRT and SDF imaging within 24 hours of ICU admission. Additionally, other clinical data such as demographic variables, hemodynamics, laboratory values, treatment, and physiological parameters were also included. The primary outcome was the association between CRT and simultaneous sublingual microcirculation parameters in critically ill patients.Results: Of the 282 included patients, 106 (37.6%) were female, the median (IQR) age was 63 (53-74) years, and the median (IQR) SOFA score was 5 (2-7). Microcirculatory measurements (CRT and SDF imaging) were performed at 10.2 ± 5.7 hours after ICU admission. Significant relationships were observed between the CRT and MFI (r = -0.4430, p < 0.001), PPV (r = -0.3708, p < 0.001), PVD (r = -0.1835, p = 0.0020), and HI (r = 0.4378, p < 0.001). Neither TVD (p = 0.9641) nor De Backer score (p = 0.5202) were related to the CRT. Compare to CRT< 3s group, MFI (2.60 vs. 2.88, p < 0.001), PPV (91.35% vs. 99.10%, p < 0.001), PVD (13.36 mm/mm2 vs. 14.55 mm/mm2, p = 0.002), and HI (0.46 vs. 0.15, p < 0.001) were significantly worse in the CRT ≥ 3s group. The similar results were also found in the sepsis subgroup and the hyperlactatemia subgroup. Prolonged CRT was an independent predictor of 28-days mortality (OR = 1.296; (95%CI, 1.078-1.558); p = 0.006).Conclusions: Our findings suggested that there was a significant and moderate association between CRT and some sublingual microcirculation parameters more related to perfusion (MFI, PPV, and HI) in heterogeneous ICU patients at the early phase of admission.Trial registration: The study was retrospectively registered on November 7, 2021, ChiCTR2100052999.
Neural replicators analysis of human papillomaviruses
Authors: Ezhov Alexandr Alexandrovich 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
An analysis of complete human papillomavirus genomes using neural replicators is presented. When studying the shape of replicator tables, which reflect the ability of neural networks of different sizes to generate self-reproducing descendants, as well as the structures of the patterns transmitted by them, it was found that this information reliably distinguishes between two subgenera of human papillomaviruses of the genus Alpha, where one subgenus consists of Alpha-2 and Alpha-4 species belonging to warts, and the second subgenus, other species related to diseases of the mucosa, in particular, to cervical cancer. The genera Beta and Gamma are also reliably distinguished from the genus Alpha, in particular, by a different form of transmitted patterns. More interestingly, the genus Nu seems to be a good fit as a type of subgenus containing both Alpha-2 and Alpha-4 species, a fact that has not previously been revealed by conventional analysis based on DNA sequence alignment and genome similarity assessment. In addition, analysis of the patterns transmitted by the replicator network clearly distinguishes porcupine sigma papillomavirus EdPV1 from human Nu, as well as from any other human papillomavirus, which calls into question the well-known argument for horizontal gene transfer between humans and other types of papillomavirus hosts.
Immunohistochemical analysis of the ligamentum mucosum is the key to understand its clinical usefulness
Authors: Gonera Bartosz , Wysiadecki Grzegorz , Kurtys Konrad , Brzeziński Piotr , Borowski Andrzej , Olewnik Łukasz 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Ligamentum Mucosum(LM) is a ligamentous structure within the synovial layer of the knee joint capsule. For a long time LM was perceived as the vestigial remnant from the embryological development of the knee. Being treated as an irrelevant structure LM is often the first victim of shaver during arthroscopy. However, last years have shown increased interest in this structure due to its potentially significant clinical role. Our aim is to classify LM based on its morphological characteristics and examine its microanatomy to reveal the potential clinical value for surgeons.Hypothesis/Purpose: Our purpose was to reveal the clinical significance of LM based on immunohistochemical analysis.Methods: Sixteen fresh frozen lower limbs, 6 females (mean age 83.1 ± 3.4 years) and 10 males (mean age 84.2 ± 6.8 years) were examined. Classical histological H+E stain was routinely conducted. Subsequently, CD31 antibody (DAKO, Monoclonal Mouse Anti-Human, Clone JC70A) was used to mark vascular epithelium. Monoclonal Mouse Anti-Human Neurofilament Protein (NFP) antibody (DAKO, Clone 2F11) was used to expose the nerves.Results: The dissection process has revealed that LM was present only in 75% of cases. Histological examination confirmed the presence of longitudinal collagen fiber bundles in all samples. Tiny nerves were confirmed by NFP, along the subsynovial layer in all samples. CD-31 immunostain revealed the presence of many vascular vessels along the entire ligament, especially well developed at its distal end.Conclusion: Our study has revealed that LM contains rich vascular network. Thus, it may be a donor for the revascularization process after ACL tear or reconstruction which may improve the recovery. Another great advantage of the LM is the presence of nerves along the subsynovial layer, hopefully they may serve as the source of reinnervation and hence better clinical outcome Clinical Relevance: Based on our results we believe that seemingly irrelevant LM may be very useful during surgical procedures in the knee region. Suturing LM to the ACL may not only prevent the infrapatellar fat pad from subluxation but also improve the blood flow and reinnervation of the injured ACL.
Multi-country evaluation of the durability of pyrethroid plus piperonyl-butoxide insecticide-treated nets: study protocol
Authors: Mbuba Emmanuel , Odufuwa Olukayode G. , Moore Jason , Mmbaga Selemani , Tchicaya Emile , Edi Constant , Chalageri Vani , Uragayala Sreehari , Sharma Amit , Rahi Manju , Raghavendra Kamaraju , Eapen Alex , Koenker Hannah , Ross Amanda , Moore Sarah J. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Mass distributions of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) has contributed to large reductions in the malaria burden. However, this success is in jeopardy due in part to the increasing pyrethroid-resistant mosquito population as well as low LLINs coverage in various areas because the lifespan of LLINs is often shorter than the interval between replenishment campaigns. New insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) containing pyrethroid and piperonyl-butoxide (PBO) have shown a greater reduction in the incidence of malaria than pyrethroid LLINs in areas with pyrethroid-resistant mosquitoes. However, the durability of pyrethroid-PBO ITNs under operational settings is not fully characterized. This study will measure the bioefficacy and physical durability of pyrethroid-PBO ITNs over three years to assess whether they meet the World Health Organisation (WHO) three years operational performance criteria required to be categorised as “long-lasting”.Methods: A prospective household randomized controlled trial will be conducted simultaneously in Tanzania, India and Côte d’Ivoire to estimate the field durability of three pyrethroid-PBO ITNs (Veeralin®, Tsara® Boost, and Olyset® Plus) compared to a pyrethroid LLIN: MAGNet®. Durability monitoring will be conducted up to 36 months post-distribution and median survival in months will be calculated. The proportion of ITNs lost (attrition), the physical integrity of the nets, resistance to damage score, the proportion of ITNs meeting WHO bioefficacy criteria against laboratory-reared resistant and susceptible mosquitoes, and insecticidal persistence over time will be estimated. The non-inferiority of Veeralin® and Tsara® Boost to the first-in-class, Olyset® Plus will be assessed for mortality, and the equivalence of 20 times washed ITNs compared to field aged ITNs will be assessed for mortality and blood-feeding inhibition endpoints in the Ifakara Ambient Chamber Test, Tanzania.Discussion: This will be the first large-scale prospective household randomised controlled trial of pyrethroid-PBO ITNs in three different countries representing East Africa, West Africa and South Asia region simultaneously. The study findings will generate information on average replenishment intervals for PBO nets.
The Impact on Healthcare Service Quality and Patients Satisfaction via Adopting Mobile Health Technology：an Empirical Study in a Public Ophthalmologic Hospital in China
Authors: Jin Chenhui , Wang Canghong , Zhu Xiaotong , Kong Zhiying , Zhu Liang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background and Objectives: The main issues should be solved in Chinese hospital management process are illustrated as long registration time and waiting list, extensive prescription dealing period and short duration of General Practitioner consultation. In order to improve healthcare process and patients’ satisfactory level, a large amount of hospitals is engaging in developing mobile health applications. However, the research on the impact of mobile health applications use (MHAU) on patients’ satisfactory level and treatment quality are quite few. This research is concentrated on evaluating patients’ satisfaction and healthcare service quality via empirical analysis.Methods: We established one model based on literature review, which related to MHAU, clinical process change perceived by patient, service quality, and patient satisfaction. Additionally, the mature scale were selected and revised as a survey instrument in this study, and was conducted at Shenzhen Ophthalmic Hospital using a paper questionnaire. In terms of the survey, patients are randomly selected to fill out the form during December 2018 to January 2019. Further, the research model and hypotheses has been verified with assistance of regression analysis.Results: The results demonstrated that the MHAU on the patient’s satisfaction is significant and direct (b=.162, p=.000<0.01), rather than on the service quality of hospital (b=-.011, p=.665). Additionally, the initial effect of MHAU is on the clinical process change perceived by patient (b=.456, p=.000<0.01), and then the effect will extend the service quality of hospital (b=.316, p=.000<0.01). The physician-patient interaction is an important factor that positively affects the service quality of hospital (b=.342, p=.000<0.01). Meanwhile, convenience is another important factor for patients to consider the service quality of hospital, and it has a positive and significant impact on patient satisfaction (b=.120, p=.000<0.01).Conclusions: Hospital managers should not only pay attention to the management of system usage, but also to organizational factors that affect the results of system usage, such as the clinical process change perceived by patients. The dimension of convenience should be considered when evaluating the service quality of hospital, especially for large hospitals with large outpatient service. In addition, the managers should pay attention to enhancing the initiative of physician-patient interaction, as it is an important factor affecting patients' perception of the services quality. This study provides a reference for investigations in ophthalmic hospital scene and needs to be confirmed further in other hospital scenarios.
When Human Influence on Climate Impacts cannot be Assessed with 'Attributable Costs'
Authors: Brown Patrick T. T 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Estimating the human influence on extreme weather and climate events and their downstream impacts is relevant to many pertinent discussions around climate change, including potential legal claims of loss and damages and calculations of the social cost of carbon. Recently, a prominent method for doing this has emerged, referred to as the Attributable Costs method. In this method, the fraction of the risk of crossing a geophysical threshold attributable to Anthropogenic Climate Change (ACC) is multiplied by an impact (e.g., monetary economic damage) to calculate the ACC contribution to the impact. Here, I illustrate with a stylized example that the method produces misleading results when applied to weather phenomena on a continuum, where ACC alters the magnitude of the phenomena and/or the entire probability distribution of the phenomena. Specifically, the Attributable Costs method fails in these circumstances because impacts cannot be assumed to be zero when the geophysical threshold chosen to define the event is not crossed. This implies that the Attributable Costs method will systematically overestimate the contribution of ACC to impacts. We illustrate that a clearer way of conceptualizing the impacts attributable to ACC is to compare the expected losses of impacts using full probability distributions of the geophysical variable in question.
Graphene Oxide Induced Oxidative Stress Gene Expression and Gut Microbiome Profiling in in Vivo Drosophila Melanogaster Model
Authors: Ajith Sivasangar Latha , Anand Arumugam Vijaya , Preethi Basavaraju , Ilakkiyapavai Devaraj , Kavipriya Babu , Vasanthakumar Azhagarsamy , Kamalakkannan Palanisamy , Moorthi Puthamohan Vinayaga 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In the present study we have attempted to reveal the induction of stress, changes in behavioral, molecular, and gut microbiome profile by Graphene oxide (GO) in Drosophila melanogaster. The study revealed that GO does not exert accountable mortality in larvae but had little impact on the formation of pupa from larvae in the treatment group compared to the control group. Similarly, the larval movement exhibited little change in the treatment group (21) compared to the control group (17). The flies that emerged from with and without GO treatment were analyzed for the expression of Glutathione S transferase D 1 (Gstd1) and Acetylcholine Esterase (AchE) gene. In the gut-microbiome study, GO administration had metabolic change and was well measured with increased Acetobacteraceae to survive in the stress-induced conditions. Hence it was concluded that GO was not lethal at 300µg/mL and hence its application in the drug delivery tool or carrier perhaps cause are. Instead, it can able to induce oxidative stress and changes in the regulation of the gene attributed to oxidative stress and locomotor behavior.
Evidence that Earth was exposed to Cold Dense Interstellar Medium 2 Myrs Ago as a result of the Encounter with Local Lynx Cold Clouds
Authors: Opher Merav , Loeb Abraham , Peek J. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

The relationship between the location of the Sun in the interstellar medium (ISM) and terrestrial effects has been explored in connection with the filtration of Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCR) as the heliosphere, the solar system’s protective bubble formed by the solar wind, shrinks or expands as a result of different ISM environments. The connection between GCR and terrestrial climate, however, is still uncertain. So far, the impact of the compact cold clouds that are 4-5 order of magnitude denser than the ISM along the direct path of the Sun, was neglected. There is geological evidence from 60Fe and 244Pu isotopes that Earth was in direct contact with the ISM, about 2-3 million years ago. It is known that the local ISM is home to several nearby cold clouds. Using new modeling of 21-cm data from the HI4PI survey, we derive the velocity field of the Local Ribbon of Cold Clouds (LRCC). We show that the solar system may have passed through the Local Ribbon of Cold Clouds in the constellation Lynx(LxCC). The likelihood of a random encounter with a dense cloud is 1.3%. Using a state-of-the-art simulation of the heliosphere, we show that during the passage the heliosphere had shrunk to a scale of 0.22AU, smaller than the Earth’s orbit around the Sun. As a result, Earth was exposed to a neutral hydrogen density above 3000cm-3. This could have had drastic effects on Earth’s climate, as suggested by records of oxygen isotopes derived from forminifera in the sea floor and potentially on human evolution at that time where Australopithecus afarensis (“Lucy”) went extinct, leading to the emergence of the Homo lineage.
Hydrogeochemical Evaluation of Groundwater and its Suitability for Drinking and Irrigation Using Water Quality Index, Statistical and Geochemical Modelling, Debila and El-Oued regions, Algeria
Authors: EID Mohamed Hamdy , Tamma Ahmed A. , Péter Szűcs , Kovács Attila 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The study area is located in the Debila and El-Oued regions in the northeast of the Algeria desert. The water samples were collected from the semi-confined Mio-Pliocene and Lower Pontian aquifers. Physicochemical parameters such as temperature, pH, EC, TDS, and major ions were measured and compared with WHO standards. There is significant water quality deterioration because of strong mineralization and anthropogenic activities. The hydrogeochemical evaluation of groundwater revealed that evaporation, dissolution of gypsum, and reverse ion exchange are the main controlling factors of the water composition in the study area. The two main hydro-chemical facies of the groundwater in the deep aquifers are Ca2+–Mg2+–Cl/SO42− and Na+–Cl−. The water quality index (WQI) was calculated by using the weighted arithmetic method to determine the suitability of water for drinking. The groundwater in Debila and El-Oued regions is not suitable for drinking. The groundwater is suitable for irrigation according to Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), Na%, Magnesium risk (MR), Permeability Index (PI), and residual Sodium carbonate index (RSC). The values of the saturated index (SI) indicated that the groundwater is undersaturated with halite, anhydrite, and gypsum but saturated to oversaturated by calcite, aragonite, and dolomite.The groundwater in the Debila and El-Oued regions is classified as brackish water. Using brackish water for drinking and irrigation will have an adverse effect on human health and increase soil salinity and decrease plant production. There is no need for using fertilizers containing calcium where the SAR has a low to medium value and the soil will not be affected by sodification or decrease in the capacity of infiltration.
Four-limb blood pressure screening for congenital malformations of aorta in high-risk infants
Authors: Wang Yifei , Yang Shifang , Liu Xiaobing , Pang Chengcheng , Zou Ruikun , Ren Yuan , Sun Yunxia , Zhuang Jian 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
ObjectivesFour-limb blood pressure (BP) had been used in congenital malformations of aorta (CMoA) studies with conflict results. To determine the accuracy of four-limb BPs measurement as an approach for CMoA detection in high-risk infants.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study among infants with suspected congenital heart disease between 2013 and 2019 at a regional tertiary cardiac transferring center. The golden standard of CMoA was echocardiography or cardiac computed tomography results within 2 days after admission. The optimal cutoff of BP gradient for CMoA was determined by Youden Index in the discovery group (admitted between 2013 and 2017) and was verified in the validation group (admitted between 2018 and 2019). These infants were stratified by age to determine the test accuracy of the optimal BP gradient at different ages.ResultsOf 1604 infants (median age, 4 days (1-16 days)) included in the final analysis, 254 CMoA were identified. In infants with pre-test probability of 15.9%, the accuracy test results for CMoA in both groups were similar with the optimal cutoff of BP gradient of 10 mm Hg, area under the ROC curve of 74.8% (95% CI, 68.0%-81.5%), sensitivity of 40.3% (95% CI, 29.3%-51.2%), specificity of 96.3% (95% CI, 94.3%-98.3%). The BP gradient in infants older than 2 days of age was more likely to predict CMoA. ConclusionsAs no suitable alternative tests, four-limb BP measurement with BP gradient of 10 mm Hg is an acceptable approach to screen out CMoA in high-risk infants, especially in infants older than 2 days of age.Registration: No NCT05022836 (Four-limb Blood Pressures in Infants With High Risk of Congenital Malformation of Aorta)