bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Platelet polyphosphate and energy metabolism in professional male athletes (soccer players): A cross‐sectional pilot study
Authors: Ushiki Takashi , Mochizuki Tomoharu , Suzuki Katsuya , Kamimura Masami , Ishiguro Hajime , Watanabe Satoshi , Omori Go , Yamamoto Noriaki , Kawase Tomoyuki 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHuman platelet polyphosphate (polyP) is a multifunctional molecule; however, its functions are not yet fully understood. A recent study demonstrated that similar to skeletal muscle, polyP is involved in energy metabolism in platelets, which suggests that well‐trained athletes may exhibit elevated platelet polyP levels for energy storage. To test this hypothesis, we quantified platelet polyP along with NADH, a component involved in ATP production in non‐trained and well‐trained male Japanese participants of the same generation. Washed platelets were prepared from the venous blood of young, healthy, non‐athletes, and professional soccer players (pro‐athletes). NADH and polyP levels were spectrophotometrically determined using tetrazolium reduction and fluorometrically determined using 4′,6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole at the excitation/emission wavelengths of 425/525 nm. Body weight and impedances were measured simultaneously. Statistical analyses were performed using the Mann–Whitney U test and Spearman correlation coefficient. Although basal metabolic rate levels were significantly higher, platelet polyP levels were significantly lower in pro‐athletes than in that in non‐athletes. No significant differences were detected in other body compositions or platelet indices between the two groups. The pro‐athlete group showed a moderate, nearly significant correlation (R = 0.439; p = 0.0512) between platelet polyP and NADH levels. Taken together with the weak correlation data between polyP and body mass index, it is suggested that platelet polyP levels may be influenced by platelet and body energy metabolic activity. Further biochemical studies are needed to elucidate this mechanism.
Chinese normotensive and essential hypertensive reference intervals for plasma aldosterone and renin activity by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Cheng Jenny Yeuk-Ki , Wong Felix Chi-Kin , Chow Edith Wing-Kar , Lau Wendy Wan-Hang , Cheung Kitty Kit-Ting , Cheng Timothy Hua-Tse , Tsui Teresa Kam-Chi , Chan Alan Shek-Lun , Lo Clara Wai-Shan , Ho Chung-Shun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) regulates blood pressure. Plasma renin activities (PRA) and plasma aldosterone concentrations (PAC) are biomarkers related to RAAS. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based measurements for PRA and PAC have become popular. Method-specific reference intervals (RIs) are required.

Methods
Routine PRA and PAC services in a Hong Kong teaching hospital were based on LC-MS/MS methods. PRA and PAC RIs were developed for normotensive subjects and essential hypertensive (EH) patients. Healthy volunteers were recruited to establish normotensive RIs. PRA and PAC results of hypertensive patients with urine aldosterone tests for primary aldosteronism (PA) screening were retrieved from the laboratory information system. Patients without PA were included. Patients with secondary hypertension and patients on medications affecting the RAAS were excluded. The central 95% RIs were established based on the recommendations of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guideline C28-A3.

Results
PRA and PAC of 170 normotensive volunteers and 362 EH patients were analysed. There was no sex-specific difference in PRA and PAC for normotensive and EH reference subjects. Differences for PRA and PAC were noted between normotensive subjects aged below 45 and their older counterparts. However, such a difference was only identified for PRA but not PAC in EH patients. Age-specific RIs were established accordingly.

Conclusions
This study presented age-specific LC-MS/MS RIs of PRA and PAC for both normotensive and EH populations for local Chinese in Hong Kong.
Design and performance analysis of WDM-FSO communication system using Polarization Shift Keying
Authors: Dwivedi Shruti , Singh Garima , Sisodia Divya , Kaur Gurjit 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
FSO is the best communication medium for data transmission because of its high bandwidth, effective deployability and maximum transmission data rates with very high security. In this research paper an optical network model has been designed in the optisystem for different modulation schemes with WDM to enhance the capacity of the system. Attenuations for different weather conditions in Dehradun have been calculated and the performance has been evaluated accordingly. The performance is analysed in terms of BER (Bit Error Rate), maximum Q-factor, and eye height for each of the modulation schemes at different transmission distances and different weather attenuations. Analysis comprehends that the polarization shift keying is the best modulation technique for the WDM-FSO communication network among all. Thus, we suggest a model for an optical communication network using WDM and PolSK modulation scheme for Dehradun (Uttarakhand), where internet service is not very easy due to its extreme weather variations and got the excellent performance.
Structural neighbourhood characteristics, perceived collective efficacy and perceived disorder: a multilevel study on fear of crime
Authors: Hardyns Wim , Pauwels Lieven J. R. , Khalfa Robin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study examines whether residential stability and neighbourhood SES, two key neighbourhood structural characteristics from Social Disorganisation Theory (SDT), have a contextual effect on perceived social trust, perceived informal social control, and perceived social disorder and whether these contextual structural and perceptual measures are related to three measures of fear of crime, independent of population composition. Attention is paid to three well-known dimensions of fear of crime: risk perception (cognitive), fear (emotional) and avoidance behaviour (behavioural). The results demonstrate that neighbourhood residential stability is strongly related to perceptual measures of collective efficacy (perceived social trust and perceived informal social control) and perceived social disorder, controlling for demographic background characteristics and individual level social capital. The implications of these findings and avenues for future studies are discussed.
Effect of elevated test temperature on the tensile strength and failure mechanism of hot-pressed dissimilar joints of laser ablation-treated AA5754-H111 and thermoplastic composite
Authors: Öztoprak Nahit , Gençer Gökçe Mehmet 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEvaluation of directly bonded single-lap joint (SLJ) obtained using Al5754 alloy and 20 wt% long glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene (PP) is performed via the lap-shear testing at various temperatures. A fiber laser is used to form a multi-groove microstructure on the aluminum (Al) surface. The bonding regions are investigated microscopically before and after the mechanical testing. Dissimilar joint is manufactured under a 100 kN force at 200 °C for 60 min through hot-pressing technique without using any adhesives. Afterward, lap-shear strength of the joints is determined under elevated working temperatures (25, 75 and 125 °C). Damaged surfaces are also scrutinized for studying the failure mechanism of the joints. According to the experimental results, mechanical anchoring between the Al alloy substrate and thermoplastic composite (TPC) is formed at the interface through the applied laser treatment. Strength exhibits a significant decrease with the test temperature increasing from 25 to 125 °C. Fiber/matrix debonding is the dominant failure mode in the composite adherend. The SEM observations also highlight the pulled-out fibers in the PP composite at the elevated temperatures.
Effect of isothermal heat treatments under Ms temperature on the microstructures and mechanical properties of commercial high-silicon spring steel
Authors: Murathan Ömer Faruk , Kilicli Volkan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The effect of isothermal heat treatment temperatures under martensite start (Ms) temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of high-silicon commercial spring steel has been investigated. For this purpose, tensile specimens are prepared from AISI 9254 steel isothermally heat-treated under Ms temperatures (225 °C, 250 °C, and 275 °C) for 168 h after austenitizing at 870 °C for 30 min. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis were used to characterize the microstructures of the specimens. Mechanical properties were determined by the tensile and hardness tests. Experimental results revealed that microstructure consists of carbide-free bainite, carbon enriched retained austenite, and martensite in high-silicon spring steel by the isothermal treatment under Ms temperature. The yield and tensile strength were increased by decreasing the isothermal temperature. However, uniform elongation and breaking energy were decreased by decreasing the isothermal temperature. The specimen which was isothermally heat-treated at 250 °C under Ms temperature showed a very good combination of tensile strength and total elongation as 2046 MPa and 8.5%, respectively. Dimples along with cap and cone formation which are evidence of a ductile fracture were observed in fractured surfaces of all isothermally heat-treated specimens.
Modeling of hexagonal honeycomb hybrids for variation of Poisson’s ratio
Authors: Houssem Eddine Fiala , Toufik Benmansour , Brahim Issasfa 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this research, the compressive behavior of structures consisting of two types of cells were studied (honeycombs and re-entrant), in order to know the effect of the ratios of these cells on the mechanical properties of the structures. In addition, by controlling the Poisson’s ratio with a constant Young’s modulus, three types of structures (traditional honeycomb, auxetic and zero Poisson’s ratio (ZPR)) were obtained together with the ability to control their mechanical properties without changing the geometric properties of the cell. Numerical models were created and compared with the results obtained from the structures manufactured by the 3D printer experimentally, and where the Young’s modulus, Poisson factor and compressive deformation were close to the experimental results. In this current research, new structures have been proposed by incorporating traditional honeycomb cells with auxiliary honeycomb cells into a single structure without changing the cell geometry. The aim was to control the Poisson’s ratio in order to obtain all types of structures mentioned above without changing the geometric properties of the cell.
Improvement of incremental sheet metal forming with the help of a pressurised fluid system
Authors: Küçüktürk Gökhan , Yazgın Hürcan Volkan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The single point incremental sheet forming process is a flexible manufacturing process to produce complex three-dimensional products. Unlike traditional forming processes, the single point incremental sheet forming process does not require unique tools or die. This method is constantly being improved to increase the uniform formability of the material. The fluid assisted single point incremental sheet metal forming process with a newly developed system was experimentally investigated in this research. A controlled pressure fluid was applied to the forming surface in the opposite direction during shaping. Shaping processes were carried out using different fluid pressure values. The effect of this pressurised system on the forming quality was investigated by considering material wall thickness changes, heat generation and surface roughness. The results were compared with the results obtained with the traditional single point incremental sheet forming method. It has been determined that our method increases the formability of the finished product and shows a homogeneous thickness distribution.
Meta-analysis of the effects of palmitic acid on microglia activation and neurodegeneration
Authors: Zhou Heping , Chang Sulie L. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Evidence suggests that obesity may represent a risk factor for neurodegenerative pathologies including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). With excessive accumulation of adipose tissue, obesity is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation, increased production of adipokines, elevated levels of free fatty acids (FFAs) including palmitic acid (PA), the most abundant saturated fatty acid (SFA) in circulation. Excessive PA has been shown to induce lipotoxicity in many different types of cells including microglia and neuronal cells. We hypothesized that PA may contribute to the development of obesity-associated neurological conditions.

Methods
This study was designed to examine how increased PA may affect microglia activation and neurodegeneration using QIAGEN Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). Kramer analysis was used to quantitatively characterize the impact of PA on microglia activation and neurodegeneration.

Results
Simulated increase of PA enhanced the activities of intermediating molecules including CCL5, IL1β, IL1RN, IL6, NF-κB, NOS2, PTGS2, TLR2, TLR4, and TNF. Increased PA level induced microglia activation with a z score of 2.38 (p=0.0173) and neurodegeneration with a z score of 1.55 (p=0.121). Increased PA level also activated neuroinflammation signaling pathway, the top canonical pathway associated with both microglia activation and neurodegeneration.

Conclusions
Our IPA analysis demonstrated that increased PA significantly induced microglia activation and might augment neurodegeneration by altering the activities of key intermediating molecules and canonical pathways. Our findings shed light on how increased PA level may contribute to the development of neurodegenerative pathologies in the course of obesity.
Nietzsche’s Ariadne: On Asses’s Ears in Botticelli/Dürer – and Poussin’s Bacchanale
Authors: Babich Babette 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In what follows I raise the question of Ariadne and Dionysus for Nietzsche, including the relative size of Ariadne’s ears, as Dionysus observes at the close of “Ariadne’s Lament” [Klage der Ariadne]. Nietzsche’s references to ears invoke not only Nietzsche’s “selective” concern with having the right ears (both to hear what he says and with respect to his discovery regarding ancient Greek tragedy: hearing with one’s eyes, that is the relation of ancient Greek music in the word) but also the question of myth and genealogical context. Reading through myth is key not only in terms of the textual, lyric tradition but also painting and sculpture, including sarcophagi in antiquity. It makes all the difference to ask, as Karl Kerényi cites Nietzsche as asking: Wer weiß …was Ariadne ist? And not less: who was she to Dionysus? To this extent, Nietzsche’s concern with ears, small and long, is less incidental or furry fetish than hermeneutic attunement.
Robot visual navigation estimation and target localization based on neural network
Authors: Zhao Yanping , Gupta Rajeev Kumar , Onyema Edeh Michael 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The high computational cost, complex external environment, and limited computing resources of embedded system are some major problems in traditional autonomous robot navigation methods. To overcome these problems, a mobile robot path planning navigation system based on panoramic vision was proposed. This method first describes the structure and functions of the navigation system. It explains how to use the environment to explore and map in order to create a panoramic vision sensor. Finally, it elaborates on the breadth-first search based on regression neural network (RNN) method, the Voronoi skeleton diagram method, the algorithm principle, and how to navigate by the planning path implementation of practical strategies. The simulation results illustrate that the breadth-first search method and the Voronoi skeleton graph method based on panoramic view have a high speed. The accessibility of RNN planning algorithm can effectively solve the difficult problems such as high computing overhead, complex navigation environment, and limited computing resources. In the actual robot navigation experiment, the difference in real-time performance and optimality performance that exists between the two algorithms is reflected in the length and duration of the course taken by the robot. When applied to a variety of site environments, the breadth-first search method requires between 23.2 and 45.3% more time to calculate the planned path than the Voronoi skeleton graph method, despite the fact that the planned path length is between 20.7 and 35.9% shorter using the breadth-first search method. It serves as a guide for choosing the appropriate algorithm to implement in practical applications.
Numeral Reduplication and Clausal Syntax: Grammaticalized Distributivity in Medieval Iberia
Authors: Corr Alice 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study examines a little-known case of grammaticalized distributivity in the Romance branch, as found in tenth to fifteenth century texts produced in the Iberian Peninsula. Analysis of a newly compiled, hand-annotated corpus demonstrates that, in Old Ibero-Romance, the reduplication of an adnominal cardinal numeral on the internal argument of the verb mandates a distributive reading at the sentential level. The distributive construction is characterized as ‘double-object’-like structure occurring only in expressions of dynamic and static possession. Whilst a cross-categorial operation originating in the DP edge triggers pluralization of the event itself, an applicative treatment of the clausal syntax not only captures the ‘double-object’-like structure of the construction, but the nature of the distributive relation itself.
Schulische Zweitsprachvermittlung und Zweitspracherwerb während der Covid-19-Pandemie
Authors: Binanzer Anja , Cristante Valentina , Wecker Verena 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
During the first months of the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020, German schools were predominantly closed and students were supposed to be taught at home. This also applied to German as a second language classes (GSL). Considering the fact that second language acquisition crucially depends on a high amount of input in direct interaction and that online learning methods were not common in Germany before the pandemic, we assume that school closures had a high impact on second language teaching and learning. In particular, we hypothesize that the shift from classroom to distance learning has significantly affected a) the teaching methods of second language teachers, b) the language skills covered in these classes and c) the growth of students’ competencies in their second language.
To verify these assumptions, we conducted an online survey among GSL teachers. The survey consisted of retrospective questions about the amount of lessons taught and teaching methods as well as students’ language development before, during and after the school closures.
Data from 166 GSL teachers who stated that they provided distance teaching for their students during school closures shows that during the school closure a) communicatively oriented methods were used significantly less than before and after, b) the teaching of oral skills was considered significantly less compared to the teaching of written skills, c) teachers predominantly evaluated the development of the students’ competencies in most language skills as unchanged or even reduced.
Beobachtungen zu [nja] in deutscher Spontansprache
Authors: Brackhane Fabian , Ruhrmann Christiane 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper presents observations on the phonetic realisations of the German particles ja – ‘yes’ and naja – approximately ‘well’. As part of a large-scale study on the particle ja, we identified numerous instances in the dataset that had been orthographically transcribed as ja, but were phonetically realised as [nja]. Using phonetic and functional parameters, we explore the question whether these instances can be attributed to either the lexeme ja or naja. While phonetic measurements yield ambivalent results, analyses of pragmatic parameters such as function and turn position seem to indicate that [nja] was predominantly intended to be ja, although some functional differences between ja and [nja] could also be identified.
Dynamics of Temporal Integration in the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus
Authors: Alexander Prescott C. , Alitto Henry J. , Fisher Tucker G. , Rathbun Daniel L. , Weyand Theodore G. , Usrey W. Martin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBefore visual information from the retina reaches primary visual cortex (V1), it is dynamically filtered by the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of the thalamus, the first location within the visual hierarchy at which nonretinal structures can significantly influence visual processing. To explore the form and dynamics of geniculate filtering we used data from monosynpatically connected pairs of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and LGN relay cells in the cat that, under anesthetized conditions, were stimulated with binary white noise and/or drifting sine-wave gratings to train models of increasing complexity to predict which RGC spikes were relayed to cortex, what we call “relay status.” In addition, we analyze and compare a smaller dataset recorded in the awake state to assess how anesthesia might influence our results. Consistent with previous work, we find that the preceding retinal interspike interval (ISI) is the primary determinate of relay status with only modest contributions from longer patterns of retinal spikes. Including the prior activity of the LGN cell further improved model predictions, primarily by indicating epochs of geniculate burst activity in recordings made under anesthesia, and by allowing the model to capture gain control-like behavior within the awake LGN. Using the same modeling framework, we further demonstrate that the form of geniculate filtering changes according to the level of activity within the early visual circuit under certain stimulus conditions. This finding suggests a candidate mechanism by which a stimulus specific form of gain control may operate within the LGN.