bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Young people’s participation experiences of technical and vocational education and training interventions in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review of qualitative evidence
Authors: Shi Yi , Bangpan Mukdarut 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTechnical and vocational education and training (TVET) has attracted wide attention with its potential to alleviate poverty and improve youth employment in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, no agreement has been reached on its impact on participants’ wellbeing and livelihoods. Most previous reviews were restricted to economic and employment-related outcomes through statistical meta-analyses and failed to examine participants’ comprehensive experiences. This systematic review investigated young people’s learning process and consequences of TVET participation in LMICs by reviewing qualitative evidence across 31 published and unpublished studies from 2000 to 2019. Adopting a framework thematic synthesis approach, this study revealed that TVET participation had a multi-dimensional impact on young people’s cultural capital (skills and knowledge, credentials and socio-emotional competencies), social capital (bonding, bridging and linking social relationships), aspirations, and health, beyond economic consequences. Participants’ mixed experiences were collectively shaped by multiple factors, including intervention features, intervention quality (curriculum and content, instructor and instruction, administration and management), learning environment (physical environment, instructor-learner relationship and peer relationship), individual characteristics, and social norms. Findings also indicated that disadvantaged youth particularly benefitted from TVET participation, which highlighted the potential of TVET to improve education access and equity. A framework was distilled from evidence synthesis to inform future research and practice that aim to design, implement and evaluate TVET in a way to enhance young people’s overall wellbeing in the developing context.
Olfactory proteins of Endoclita signifer larvae and their roles in host recognition
Authors: Hu Ping , Qiu Zhisong , Chen Xiao , Xu Yuan , SU Xiaoyan , Yang Zhende 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Endoclita signifer causes severe damage to eucalyptus plantations, and the larvae transfer to and damage eucalyptus accurately in mixed forests, suggesting that the larval olfactory system contributes to host selection. The olfactory proteins in the head and tegument of E. signifer larvae were previously identified. To identify the relationship between olfactory protein expression in the larval head the larvae head and the developmental expression dynamics, and its functions in further recognition of plant volatiles, the head transcriptomes of two instar larvae and the expression profiles of olfactory proteins in the instars after exposure to volatiles were studied.

Results
Eight odorant-binding proteins, six chemosensory proteins, three odorant receptors, three gustatory receptors, and 18 ionotropic receptors were identified. Half of the olfactory proteins were the most highly expressed in the young (5th) larval head, and EsigGOBP2, EsigGOBP4, EsigGOBP5, EsigCSP1, EsigCSP3, EsigGR1 and EsigGR3 were highly expressed and showed a specific expression pattern. In addition, after exposure to o-cymene, α-phellandrene, n-butyl ether, and 4-ethylacetophenone, EsigGR3 was downregulated significantly, and exposure to n-butyl ether caused EsigGR1 to be downregulated significantly.

Conclusions
Seven specific olfactory proteins may be important genes in larval olfactory recognition. Furthermore, based on the receptors that were downregulated after exposure to volatiles and the previous electrophysiological activity in the third larvae, we speculated that the ligand of EsigGR1 was n-butyl ether, and the ligands of the newly identified EsigGR3 are all electrophysiologically active compounds, which demonstrated host recognition in the third larvae of E. signifer. These results provide a way to find key plant volatiles recognized by the key olfactory proteins as new targets for pest control.

Graphical Abstract
Green synthesized silver nanoparticles using Cyperus rotundus L. extract as a potential antiviral agent against infectious laryngotracheitis and infectious bronchitis viruses in chickens
Authors: Abo-El-Yazid Zahraa Hamdi , Ahmed Osama Konsowa , El-Tholoth Mohamed , Ali Mohamed Abdel-Shakur 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) and infectious bronchitis (IB) are two common respiratory diseases of poultry that inflict great economic burden on the poultry industry. Developing an effective agent against both viruses is a crucial step to decrease the economic losses. Therefore, for the first time green synthesized silver nanoparticles using Cyperus rotundus L. aqueous extract was evaluated in vitro as a potential antiviral against both viruses.

Results
Silver nanoparticles from Cyperus rotundus were characterized by the spherical shape, 11–19 nm size, and zeta potential of − 6.04 mV. The maximum nontoxic concentration (MNTC) was 50 µg mL−1 for both viruses without harmful toxicity impact. The study suggested that some of the compounds in C. rotundus extract (gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, and naringenin) or its silver nanoparticles could interact with the external envelope proteins of both viruses, and inhibiting extracellular viruses.

Conclusions
The results highlight that C. rotundus green synthesized silver nanoparticles could have antiviral activity against infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) and infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in chickens.

Graphical Abstract
Augmented reality learning environment to aid engineering students in performing practical laboratory experiments in electronics engineering
Authors: Tuli Neha , Singh Gurjinder , Mantri Archana , Sharma Shivam 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn an era where technology is being used more and more in daily life, the potential and effective use of technology is becoming increasingly vital in education. Engineering education necessitates the use of technology to assist students in understanding abstract concepts and principles. Augmented reality (AR) is a technology that can be used to create effective and engaging technology-based solutions and instructional materials. This research aims to develop an augmented reality-based learning experience to teach students about electronics engineering concepts and determine the impact of AR intervention on students' academic achievement levels, learning attitudes toward the subject, and individual attitudes toward AR technology. A quasi-experimental research design was used on 107 first-year engineering students who were grouped into control and experimental groups. The control group consisted of 53 students who learned the fundamentals of electronics using existing techniques, while experimental group consisted of 54 students who learned the same subject using an Augmented Reality-based Lab Manual. The experimental outcomes indicate that the experimental group performed better in the post-test and obtained higher academic scores compared to the control group. In addition, AR intervention has a substantial positive effect on students' learning attitudes. The study also found that students' learning attitudes towards electronics courses and their academic achievement have a significant positive relationship. Additionally, there is a correlation between a student's academic achievement and their attitude toward AR technology. As a result, students who studied using AR technology had a more optimistic perspective about the electronics course and AR technology.
Source mechanism of volcanic tectonic events from October 2010 to December 2011 at the Sinabung volcano area
Authors: Afnimar  , Hidayat Ary , Kristianto  , Triastuty Hetty , Basuki Ahmad , Indrastuti Novianti 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFrom its first eruption at the end of August 2010, Mount Sinabung has been being seismically active. Thousands of micro earthquakes have occurred in the magma itself, in hydrothermal systems, and along nearby tectonic faults. The installation of a three-component seismometer network around the Sinabung volcano from October 2010 to December 2011 has encouraged more detailed study of the source characteristics of micro earthquakes. In this study, we conduct a focal mechanism analysis of volcanic tectonic (VT) activity during this period. This study delineates three kinds of faults around the volcano. First, a possible oblique-strike-slip fault that was “cut” by the volcano is confirmed. The fault parameters are a strike of 44.76°, a dip of 67.83° and a rake of 19.7°. Second, a normal-faulting zone associated with Kawar Lake is parametrized by a strike, dip and rake of 5.8°, 77.4°, and − 113.2°, respectively. Third, a clear hidden oblique strike-slip was found at the north-west part of the summit. The fault lineation is shown clearly by its hypocentre distribution and is parameterized by its strike of 213.15°, dip of 77.72°, and rake of − 20.04°.
Prostate cancer–Exercise and Metformin Trial (Pre-EMpT): study protocol for a feasibility factorial randomized controlled trial in men with localised or locally advanced prostate cancer
Authors: McGeagh Lucy , Robles Luke A. , Persad Raj , Rowe Edward , Bahl Amit , Aning Jonathan , Koupparis Anthony , Abrams Paul , Perks Claire , Holly Jeffrey , Johnson Lyndsey , Shiridzinomwa Constance , Challapalli Amarnath , Shingler Ellie , Taylor Hilary , Oxley Jon , Sandu Meda , Martin Richard M. , Lane J. Athene 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Evidence from observational studies have shown that moderate intensity physical activity can reduce risk of progression and cancer-specific mortality in participants with prostate cancer. Epidemiological studies have also shown participants taking metformin to have a reduced risk of prostate cancer. However, data from randomised controlled trials supporting the use of these interventions are limited. The Prostate cancer–Exercise and Metformin Trial examines that feasibility of randomising participants diagnosed with localised or locally advanced prostate cancer to interventions that modify physical activity and blood glucose levels. The primary outcomes are randomisation rates and adherence to the interventions over 6 months. The secondary outcomes include intervention tolerability and retention rates, measures of insulin-like growth factor I, prostate-specific antigen, physical activity, symptom-reporting, and quality of life.

Methods
Participants are randomised in a 2 × 2 factorial design to both a physical activity (brisk walking or control) and a pharmacological (metformin or control) intervention. Participants perform the interventions for 6 months with final measures collected at 12 months follow-up.

Discussion
Our trial will determine whether participants diagnosed with localised or locally advanced prostate cancer, who are scheduled for radical treatments or being monitored for signs of cancer progression, can be randomised to a 6 months physical activity and metformin intervention. The findings from our trial will inform a larger trial powered to examine the clinical benefits of these interventions.

Trial registration
Prostate Cancer Exercise and Metformin Trial (Pre-EMpT) is registered on the ISRCTN registry, reference number ISRCTN13543667. Date of registration 2nd August 2018–retrospectively registered. First participant was recruited on 11th September 2018.
Skin thickness affects the result of tuberculin skin test in systemic sclerosis
Authors: So-ngern Apichart , Mahakkanukrauh Ajanee , Suwannaroj Siraphop , Nanagara Ratanavadee , Foocharoen Chingching 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Skin thickness is a prominent clinical feature of systemic sclerosis (SSc), but there is no consensus on the cut-off for a positive tuberculin skin test (TST) size and the limitation of the TST for a diagnosis of tuberculosis in SSc. We aimed to identify the cut-off size of an indurated TST and the sensitivity and specificity of the test for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in SSc patients.

Methods
A cross-sectional study of 168 adult Thai SSc patients was conducted. The TST was done using 0.1 ml of purified protein derivatives via intradermal injection. The test was interpreted 72 h after testing.

Results
The median age was 57.2 years. The majority (71.8%) had the diffuse cutaneous SSc subset. All the patients had a BCG vaccination at birth, and 17 (10.1%) had a tuberculosis infection. An indurated skin reaction size of 20 mm had the highest specificity for tuberculosis (99.3%: 95%CI 96.4–100) (ROC 0.53). The skin thickness—assessed using the modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS)—had a significant negative correlation with the reaction size (Rho -0.23; p = 0.003).

Conclusion
The TST is not sufficiently sensitive for detecting TB infection in SSc patients, albeit a skin induration of ≥ 15 mm indicates a high specificity for tuberculosis infection. A high mRSS resulted in a smaller skin reaction size when using the TST, which has limited utility as a diagnostic for tuberculosis among SSc patients with severe skin thickness.
The manuscript was presented as a poster presentation at the Annual European Congress of Rheumatology EULAR 2019 Madrid 12–15 June 2019. (Ann Rheum Dis. 2019;78(suppl 2): abstract FRI0347) http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-eular.1456
The effect of intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine versus lidocaine as an analgesic adjuvant to balanced general anesthesia and enhanced recovery after abdominal surgery
Authors: Ibrahim Fatma Hassan , Mohamed Soheir Abbas , Hamid Hadeel Magdy Abd El , Rabie Amal Hamed , Derh Maha Sadek El 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Intravenous dexmedetomidine and lidocaine have been shown to decrease perioperative surgical pain and analgesic consumption and facilitate the return of bowel function, decreasing post-operative hospitalization.

Results
On the first post-operative day, VAS score and total consumption of narcotics were statistically insignificant between the two groups. Heart rate and mean arterial pressure were significantly lower in the dexmedetomidine group than in the Lidocaine group all through the surgery (p value < 0.001). Post-operative nausea and vomiting were statistically higher in group D than in group L (p value 0.001).

Conclusions
The administration of either lidocaine or dexmedetomidine did not show superiority in post-operative analgesia or perioperative narcotics consumption. However, lidocaine infusion showed less drug-related side effects from the aspect of intraoperative hemodynamics stability, post-operative ileus, nausea, and vomiting.
Development and Validation of the PREMMplus Model for Multigene Hereditary Cancer Risk Assessment
Authors: Yurgelun Matthew B. , Uno Hajime , Furniss C. Sloane , Ukaegbu Chinedu , Horiguchi Miki , Yussuf Amal , LaDuca Holly , Chittenden Anu , Garber Judy E. , Syngal Sapna 
Published: August 2022

PURPOSE
With the availability of multigene panel testing (MGPT) for hereditary cancer risk assessment, clinicians need to assess the likelihood of pathogenic germline variants (PGVs) across numerous genes in parallel. This study's aim was to develop and validate a clinical prediction model (PREMMplus) for MGPT risk assessment.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

PREMMplus was developed in a single-institution cohort of 7,280 individuals who had undergone MGPT. Logistic regression models with Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator regularization were used to examine candidate predictors (age, sex, ethnicity, and personal/family history of 18 cancers/neoplasms) to estimate one's likelihood of carrying PGVs in 19 genes (broadly categorized by phenotypic overlap and/or relative penetrance: 11 category A [
APC
,
BRCA1
/
2
,
CDH1
,
EPCAM
,
MLH1
,
MSH2
,
MSH6
, biallelic
MUTYH
,
PMS2
, and
TP53
] and eight category B genes [
ATM
,
BRIP1
,
CDKN2A
,
CHEK2
,
PALB2
,
PTEN
,
RAD51C
, and
RAD51D
]). Model performance was validated in nonoverlapping data sets of 8,691 and 14,849 individuals with prior MGPT ascertained from clinic- and laboratory-based settings, respectively.

RESULTS
PREMMplus (score ≥ 2.5%) had 93.9%, 91.7%, and 89.3% sensitivity and 98.3%, 97.5%, and 97.8% negative-predictive value (NPV) for identifying category A gene PGV carriers in the development and validation cohorts, respectively. PREMMplus assessment (score ≥ 2.5%) had 89.9%, 85.6%, and 84.2% sensitivity and 95.0%, 93.5%, and 93.5% NPV, respectively, for identifying category A/B gene PGV carriers. Decision curve analyses support MGPT for individuals predicted to have ≥ 2.5% probability of a PGV.

CONCLUSION
PREMMplus accurately identifies individuals with PGVs in a diverse spectrum of cancer susceptibility genes with high sensitivity/NPV. Individuals with PREMMplus scores ≥ 2.5% should be considered for MGPT.
Cascade Testing for Hereditary Cancer Syndromes: Should We Move Toward Direct Relative Contact? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Frey Melissa K. , Ahsan Muhammad Danyal , Bergeron Hannah , Lin Jenny , Li Xuan , Fowlkes Rana K. , Narayan Priyanka , Nitecki Roni , Rauh-Hain Jose Alejandro , Moss Haley A. , Baltich Nelson Becky , Thomas Charlene , Christos Paul J. , Hamilton Jada G. , Chapman-Davis Eloise , Cantillo Evelyn , Holcomb Kevin , Kurian Allison W. , Lipkin Steven , Offit Kenneth , Sharaf Ravi N. 
Published: August 2022

PURPOSEEvidence-based guidelines recommend cascade genetic counseling and testing for hereditary cancer syndromes, providing relatives the opportunity for early detection and prevention of cancer. The current standard is for patients to contact and encourage relatives (patient-mediated contact) to undergo counseling and testing. Direct relative contact by the medical team or testing laboratory has shown promise but is complicated by privacy laws and lack of infrastructure. We sought to compare outcomes associated with patient-mediated and direct relative contact for hereditary cancer cascade genetic counseling and testing in the first meta-analysis on this topic.MATERIALS AND METHODSWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines (PROSPERO No.: CRD42020134276). We searched key electronic databases to identify studies evaluating hereditary cancer cascade testing. Eligible trials were subjected to meta-analysis.RESULTSEighty-seven studies met inclusion criteria. Among relatives included in the meta-analysis, 48% (95% CI, 38 to 58) underwent cascade genetic counseling and 41% (95% CI, 34 to 48) cascade genetic testing. Compared with the patient-mediated approach, direct relative contact resulted in significantly higher uptake of genetic counseling for all relatives (63% [95% CI, 49 to 75] v 35% [95% CI, 24 to 48]) and genetic testing for first-degree relatives (62% [95% CI, 49 to 73] v 40% [95% CI, 32 to 48]). Methods of direct contact included telephone calls, letters, and e-mails; respective rates of genetic testing completion were 61% (95% CI, 51 to 70), 48% (95% CI, 37 to 59), and 48% (95% CI, 45 to 50).CONCLUSIONMost relatives at risk for hereditary cancer do not undergo cascade genetic counseling and testing, forgoing potentially life-saving medical interventions. Compared with patient-mediated contact, direct relative contact increased rates of cascade genetic counseling and testing, arguing for a shift in the care delivery paradigm, to be confirmed by randomized controlled trials.
Seizure Outcome of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Surgery in Adults and Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Barba Carmen , Giometto Sabrina , Lucenteforte Ersilia , Pellacani Simona , Matta Giulia , Bettiol Alessandra , Minghetti Sara , Falorni Lavinia , Melani Federico , Di Giacomo Gianpiero , Giordano Flavio , De Masi Salvatore , Guerrini Renzo 
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND:
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) surgery is associated with the best seizure outcome in adults, although its long-term results remain suboptimal. Retrospective pediatric studies suggest better figures whose determinants are poorly understood.

OBJECTIVE:
To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on the efficacy of TLE surgery in children (age younger than 18 years) and adults.

METHODS:
We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library for TLE surgery original research from January 1, 1990, until May 12, 2020. The outcome measures were seizure freedom since surgery and seizure freedom either at last or longest follow-up. We meta-analyzed the proportion of children and adults achieving either Engel I/International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) 1 or Engel IA/ILAE 1A outcome by follow-up duration, type of surgery, histopathology, neuroimaging, quality of the studies, and publication period. We used a random effects model with Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation of proportions.

RESULTS:
From 40 409 records identified, we included 277 studies (30 848 patients). The proportions of patients achieving Engel I/ILAE 1 and Engel IA/ILAE 1A outcomes were 0.74 (95% CI, 0.69-0.78) and 0.61 (0.48-0.74) for children and 0.69 (0.67-0.71) and 0.56 (0.52-0.60) for adults. Histopathology significantly influenced Engel I/ILAE 1 outcome in adults but not in children (P < .0001), while the type of surgery significantly influenced Engel I/ILAE 1 outcome in children but not in adults.

CONCLUSION:
The proportion of seizure freedom after TLE surgery was higher in children, although not significantly. Histopathology and the surgical approach can influence seizure outcome, with age-related variability.
CYP2C19 polymorphism and coronary in-stent restenosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Pintaningrum Yusra , . Vitriyaturrida , Dewi Ivana Purnama , Putra Hendy Bhaskara Perdana , Mappangara Idar , Amir Muzakkir , Yusuf Irawan , Bukhari Agussalim 
Published: August 2022

Background: In-stent restenosis (ISR) remains a major drawback in coronary stenting. The association between the CYP2C19 loss of function (LOF) gene and the prevalence of ISR after coronary stenting remains controversial. Previous studies have produced conflicting results and have been limited by their small population sizes. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the association between the presence of the CYP2C19 LOF gene and the prevalence of ISR. Methods: A systematic online database search was performed until April 2021. The primary outcome was ISR and assessed using OR with 95% CI. Publication bias was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. I2 was applied to examine heterogeneities among the studies. Results: A total of 284 patients (four non-randomized controlled trial studies) were included in this study. Two hundred and six patients had wild-type genotypes, while 78 patients had the LOF genotype. Among the 78 patients with the LOF gene, 40 patients had an ISR. Meanwhile, of the 206 patients with a wild-type gene, 69 patients had an ISR. The LOF gene was associated with a higher risk of ISR (OR 95% CI = 2.84 [1.54–5.24], p = 0.0008). A major limitation in our study was the small number of previous studies and small sample sizes. Conclusions: Patients with LOF genes, regardless of the allele variation, treated with clopidogrel, had a higher risk of developing ISR after coronary stenting.