bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A p-specific spectral multiplier theorem with sharp regularity bound for Grushin operators
Authors: Niedorf Lars 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn a recent work, Chen and Ouhabaz proved a p-specific $$L^p$$

L
p

-spectral multiplier theorem for the Grushin operator acting on $${\mathbb {R}}^{d_1}\times {\mathbb {R}}^{d_2}$$

R

d
1

×

R

d
2

which is given by $$\begin{aligned} L =-\sum _{j=1}^{d_1} \partial _{x_j}^2 - \Bigg ( \sum _{j=1}^{d_1} |x_j|^2\Bigg ) \sum _{k=1}^{d_2}\partial _{y_k}^2. \end{aligned}$$

L
=
-

∑

j
=
1

d
1

∂

x
j

2

-

(

∑

j
=
1

d
1

|

x
j

|

2

)

∑

k
=
1

d
2

∂

y
k

2

.

Their approach yields an $$L^p$$

L
p

-spectral multiplier theorem within the range $$1< p\le \min \{ 2d_1/(d_1+2), 2(d_2+1)/(d_2+3) \}$$

1
<
p
≤
min
{
2

d
1

/

(

d
1

+
2
)

,
2

(

d
2

+
1
)

/

(

d
2

+
3
)

}

under a regularity condition on the multiplier which is sharp only when $$d_1\ge d_2$$

d
1

≥

d
2

. In this paper, we improve on this result by proving $$L^p$$

L
p

-boundedness under the expected sharp regularity condition $$s>(d_1+d_2)(1/p-1/2)$$

s
>

(

d
1

+

d
2

)

(
1
/
p
-
1
/
2
)

. Our approach avoids the usage of weighted restriction type estimates which played a key role in the work of Chen and Ouhabaz, and is rather based on a careful analysis of the underlying sub-Riemannian geometry and restriction type estimates where the multiplier is truncated along the spectrum of the Laplacian on $${\mathbb {R}}^{d_2}$$

R

d
2

.
A complex-analytic approach to kinetic energy properties of irrotational traveling water waves
Authors: Constantin Olivia 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRelying on conformal mappings we prove the logarithmic convexity of certain flow quantities associated with irrotational periodic travelling waves that propagate at the surface of water over a flat bed. These results enable us to quantify the observation that the kinetic energy and the time-period of the particle paths are larger near the surface and reduce with increasing depth.
Geometry of Banach Spaces: A New Route Towards Position Based Cryptography
Authors: Junge Marius , Kubicki Aleksander M. , Palazuelos Carlos , Pérez-García David 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this work we initiate the study of position based quantum cryptography (PBQC) from the perspective of geometric functional analysis and its connections with quantum games. The main question we are interested in asks for the optimal amount of entanglement that a coalition of attackers have to share in order to compromise the security of any PBQC protocol. Known upper bounds for that quantity are exponential in the size of the quantum systems manipulated in the honest implementation of the protocol. However, known lower bounds are only linear. In order to deepen the understanding of this question, here we propose a position verification (PV) protocol and find lower bounds on the resources needed to break it. The main idea behind the proof of these bounds is the understanding of cheating strategies as vector valued assignments on the Boolean hypercube. Then, the bounds follow from the understanding of some geometric properties of particular Banach spaces, their type constants. Under some regularity assumptions on the former assignment, these bounds lead to exponential lower bounds on the quantum resources employed, clarifying the question in this restricted case. Known attacks indeed satisfy the assumption we make, although we do not know how universal this feature is. Furthermore, we show that the understanding of the type properties of some more involved Banach spaces would allow to drop out the assumptions and lead to unconditional lower bounds on the resources used to attack our protocol. Unfortunately, we were not able to estimate the relevant type constant. Despite that, we conjecture an upper bound for this quantity and show some evidence supporting it. A positive solution of the conjecture would lead to stronger security guarantees for the proposed PV protocol providing a better understanding of the question asked above.
Jump-Chain Simulation of Markov Substitution Processes Over Phylogenies
Authors: Laurin-Lemay Simon , Dickson Kassandra , Rodrigue Nicolas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe draw attention to an under-appreciated simulation method for generating artificial data in a phylogenetic context. The approach, which we refer to as jump-chain simulation, can invoke rich models of molecular evolution having intractable likelihood functions. As an example, we simulate data under a context-dependent model allowing for CpG hypermutability and show how such a feature can mislead common codon models used for detecting positive selection. We discuss more generally how this method can serve to elucidate the ways by which currently used models for inference are susceptible to violations of their underlying assumptions. Finally, we show how the method could serve as an inference engine in the Approximate Bayesian Computation framework.
Incidence of venous thromboembolic events not related to vascular catheters in a prospective cohort of critically ill children
Authors: Östlund Åsa K. M. , Fläring Urban , Larsson Peter , Kaiser Sylvie , Vermin Lena , Frisk Tony , Dahlberg Ann , Berner Jonas , Norberg Åke , Andersson Andreas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE) is considered to be low in the general paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) population, and pharmacological thromboprophylaxis is not routinely used. PICU patients considered at high-risk of VTE could possibly benefit from pharmacological thromboprophylaxis, but the incidence of VTE in this group of patients is unclear. This was an observational, prospective study at a tertiary multi-disciplinary paediatric hospital. We used comprehensive ultrasonography screening for VTE in critically ill children with multiple risk factors for VTE. Patients admitted to PICU ≥ 72 h and with ≥ two risk factors for VTE were included. Patients receiving pharmacological thromboprophylaxis during their entire PICU stay were excluded. The primary outcome of the study was VTEs not related to the use of a CVC. Ultrasonography screening of the great veins was performed at PICU discharge. Seventy patients with median (interquartile range) 3 (2–4) risk factors for VTE were evaluated. Median age was 0.3 years (0.03–4.3) and median PICU length of stay 9 days (5–17). Regarding the primary outcome, no symptomatic VTEs occurred and no asymptomatic VTEs were found on ultrasonography screening, resulting in an incidence of VTEs not related to a vascular catheter of 0% (95% CI: 0–5.1%).Conclusion: Our results indicate that VTEs not related to a vascular catheter are a rare event even in a selected group of severely ill small children considered to be at high risk of VTE.

What is Known:• Children in the PICU often have several risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE).• The incidence of VTE in PICU patients is highly uncertain, and there are no evidence-based guidelines regarding VTE prophylaxis.

What is New:• This study found an incidence of VTEs not related to a vascular catheter of 0% (95% CI: 0–5.1%).• This indicates that such VTE events are rare even in PICU patients with multiple risk factors for VTE.
Sozialverträgliche CO2-Preise
Authors: Dullien Sebastian , Stein Ulrike 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungUnter Ökonom:innen ist es inzwischen schon fast eine Binsenweisheit, dass ein robuster CO2-Preis ein „zentrales Instrument“ in der Bekämpfung des Klimawandels sein sollte. Gleichzeitig sind CO2-Preise politisch oft unbeliebt, selbst, wenn gleichzeitig die Bevölkerung eigentlich von der Notwendigkeit des Klimaschutzes überzeugt ist. Eine zentrale Kritik an hohen CO2-Preisen ist dabei oft, dass diese „unsozial“ seien, weil sie ärmere Haushalte stärker belasten als reichere Haushalte und damit die bestehende Ungleichheit bei Einkommen, Lebensstandards und letztlich Lebenschancen verschärfen.
Water temperature variability at culvert replacement sites and river thermal impacts related to the removal of an old sediment pond: application on the Barnet Brook and a tributary of the Nerepis River (New Brunswick, Canada)
Authors: Caissie Daniel , Smith Andy 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCulverts are very important hydraulic structures for stream crossing, and they come in various shapes and materials. There are generally two different types of culverts, i.e., closed bottom and open bottom structures. In the present study, two closed bottom culverts have been replaced by open bottom structures (arch culverts) during the summer of 2018. The objective of the present study was to analyze water temperature variability along the impacted sites, one year after the replacement, i.e., 2019 to assess potential impacts of the streamside vegetation removal on the thermal conditions of these streams. Results showed a significant (p < 0.05) change in mean summer temperatures at both sites. Changes in stream temperatures at Barnet Brook were attributed to the removal of an old sediment pond, whereas changes in stream temperatures at the tributary of the Nerepis River were likely due to the removal of the streamside vegetation. Increases in water temperatures (> 4 °C) were more pronounced during low flow periods compared to high flow conditions at both sites.
Sri Lankans’ residential segregation and spatial inequalities in Southern Italy: an empirical analysis using fine-scale data on regular lattice geographies
Authors: Benassi Federico , Bitonti Francesca , Mazza Angelo , Strozza Salvatore 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSri Lankans constitute one of Italy's oldest foreign communities. A comparative geographic study of Sri Lankans’ settlement patterns in three main municipalities of South Italy (Naples, Palermo, and Catania) is performed in the present work. The uniqueness of the analysis relies on the fact that, to the authors’ knowledge, no other existing studies comparatively examine the spatial segregation of Sri Lankan communities in different southern European municipalities. Moreover, implementing a single geographic reference grid allowed the homogenisation of different areal unit arrangements and the comparison between urban contexts. Original results have emerged from the empirical analysis, detecting peculiar and similar residential behaviour in Sri Lankans’ settlement patterns across the three municipalities analysed, jointly influenced by work specialisation and variations in the local cost of living. In particular, the high levels of Sri Lankan concentration detected in the wealthiest neighbourhoods revealed complex dynamics underlying the urban spatial segregation, beyond the mere centre-periphery dichotomy.
Seeds of algebraic thinking: a Knowledge in Pieces perspective on the development of algebraic thinking
Authors: Levin Mariana , Walkoe Janet 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we elaborate the seeds of algebraic thinking perspective, drawing upon Knowledge in Pieces as a heuristic epistemological framework. We argue that students’ pre-instructional experiences in early childhood lay the foundation for algebraic thinking and are a largely untapped resource in developing students’ algebraic thinking in the classroom. We theorize that seeds of algebraic thinking are cognitive resources abstracted over many interactions with the world in children’s pre-instructional experience. Further, we provide examples to demonstrate how the same seeds of algebraic thinking present in early childhood can be invoked in reasoning across contexts, grade levels, and different levels of formality of algebraic instruction. The examples demonstrate how the seeds perspective differs from other accounts of the relationship between children’s early activity and their engagement in algebraic reasoning processes. We anticipate this new theoretical direction for characterizing the nature and development of algebraic thinking will lay the foundation for a robust agenda that sheds light on the development of algebraic thinking and informs algebra instruction, particularly how teachers notice and respond to children’s developing algebraic thinking.
Necessary advances in computer-aided design to leverage on additive manufacturing design freedom
Authors: Fuchs Daniel , Bartz Ronald , Kuschmitz Sebastian , Vietor Thomas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAdvances in manufacturing technologies and computational engineering are key enablers for optimized designs necessary for product performance improvements. Amongst other manufacturing technologies, particularly Additive Manufacturing (AM) is pushing the envelope of feasible design complexity challenging design engineers as well as their Computer-Aided Design (CAD) tools. The research field of Design for Additive Manufacturing (DfAM) provides an exhaustive supply of specific engineering design knowledge and methodological approaches accordingly. To enable design engineers to put those approaches into practice, this research gathers and structures not yet addressed AM-related requirements on the state of the art CAD tools. Additionally, architectural CAD functions as well as features are being pointed out and envisioned design workflow adaptions introduced, necessary to enable engineers to holistically utilize AM design potentials with CAD systems of the mid-term future.
Strategies of Social Workers’ Policy Engagement—a Qualitative Analysis Among Swiss Social Workers Holding Elected Office
Authors: Kindler Tobias , Amann Kathrin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWhile ethical documents all around the globe call upon social workers to actively participate in policymaking processes, there is little evidence of their actual engagement in this type of practice. In particular, the fact that social workers also engage in party-politics by running for or holding elected office has been neglected in most of the existing research. Therefore, this article focuses on this very specific route of policy engagement by examining strategies for influencing policymaking processes used by Swiss social workers holding political office. To do so, 31 social workers holding elected office in the German-speaking part of Switzerland were invited to write a book chapter in an edited volume. The authors were explicitly asked to describe in detail their strategies and methods for influencing policymaking processes, and to place social work issues on the political agenda. Based on a qualitative content analysis of the book chapters, the following strategies were identified: (1) bringing social work’s professional expertise into policymaking processes, (2) doing good and talking about it, (3) presenting facts and figures, (4) organizing the profession, (5) networking, and (6) “normalizing” policy engagement in social work. The findings suggest that political content should be strengthened in social work education and further promoted by professional associations. This would empower more social workers to run for political office and enable them to contribute their specific skills, knowledge, and expertise to policymaking processes.
Learning phase in a LIVE Digital Twin for predictive maintenance
Authors: Bondoc Andrew E. , Tayefeh Mohsen , Barari Ahmad 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDigital Twins are essential in establishing intelligent asset management for an asset or machine. They can be described as the bidirectional communication between a cyber representation and a physical asset. Predictive Maintenance is dependent on the existence of three data sets: Fault history, Maintenance/Repair History, and Machine Conditions. Current Digital Twin solutions can fail to simulate the behaviour of a faulty asset. These solutions also prove to be difficult to implement when an asset’s fault history is incomplete. This paper presents the novel methodology, LIVE Digital Twin, to develop Digital Twins with the focus of Predictive Maintenance. The four phases, Learn, Identify, Verify, and Extend are discussed. A case study analyzes the relationship of component stiffness and vibration in detecting the health of various components. The Learning phase is implemented to demonstrate the process of locating a preliminary sensor network and develop the faulty history of a Sand Removal Skid assembly. Future studies will consider fewer simplifying assumptions and expand on the results to implement the proceeding phases.
Mapping built environments from UAV imagery: a tutorial on mixed methods of deep learning and GIS
Authors: Hong Xin , Sheridan Scott , Li Dong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEvidence has suggested that built environments are significantly associated with residents’ health and the conditions of built environments vary between neighborhoods. Recently, there have been remarkable technological advancements in using deep learning to detect built environments on fine spatial scale remotely sensed images. However, integrating the extracted built environment information by deep learning with geographic information systems (GIS) is still rare in existing literature. This method paper presents how we harnessed deep leaning techniques to extract built environments and then further utilized the extracted information as input data for analysis and visualization in a GIS environment. Informative guidelines on data collection with an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), greenspace extraction using a deep learning model (specifically U-Net for image segmentation), and mapping spatial distributions of greenspace and sidewalks in a GIS environment are offered. The novelty of this paper lies in the integration of deep learning into the GIS decision-making system to identify the spatial distribution of built environments at the neighborhood scale.
Incest in French Law: A New Offence for an Old Prohibition
Authors: Ghica-Lemarchand Claudia 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn France, the 2021 Act regarding sexual offences recognized incest as an autonomous offence. Previously, the French Penal Code traditionally prohibited incest as an aggravating circumstance based upon minority or the family relationship between the perpetrator and the victim. The problem was that, according to the strict construction principle, the judges had to determine the sexual offence, in turn supporting the aggravating circumstance of incest. To do so, they had to look for the evidence of the lack of consent determined by “violence, constraint, threaten or surprise”. The 2021 Act is the conclusion of several controversial reforms considering this issue.
Problematic tubular fossils from the Portfjeld Formation (Ediacaran) of North Greenland
Authors: Willman Sebastian , Peel John S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTwo rare, phosphatized, tubular microfossils of uncertain affinity, probably algal, are described from the Portfjeld biota (Ediacaran) of North Greenland. Portfjeldia aestatis n. gen. n. sp. preserves two tubules, one of which branches, within an annulated outer sheath. Its morphology can be compared to that of the much larger Ramitubus from the Weng'an biota of South China. An unnamed long, parallel-sided tubule occupied the postmortal cavity formed within diagenetically mineralized specimens of the cyanobacterium Jiangispirellus.
Speaking but not gesturing predicts event memory: a cross-linguistic comparison
Authors: ter Bekke Marlijn , Özyürek Aslı , Ünal Ercenur 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEvery day people see, describe, and remember motion events. However, the relation between multimodal encoding of motion events in speech and gesture, and memory is not yet fully understood. Moreover, whether language typology modulates this relation remains to be tested. This study investigates whether the type of motion event information (path or manner) mentioned in speech and gesture predicts which information is remembered and whether this varies across speakers of typologically different languages. Dutch- and Turkish-speakers watched and described motion events and completed a surprise recognition memory task. For both Dutch- and Turkish-speakers, manner memory was at chance level. Participants who mentioned path in speech during encoding were more accurate at detecting changes to the path in the memory task. The relation between mentioning path in speech and path memory did not vary cross-linguistically. Finally, the co-speech gesture did not predict memory above mentioning path in speech. These findings suggest that how speakers describe a motion event in speech is more important than the typology of the speakers’ native language in predicting motion event memory. The motion event videos are available for download for future research athttps://osf.io/p8cas/.
The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) in psychiatric practice and research
Authors: Kotov Roman , Cicero David C. , Conway Christopher C. , DeYoung Colin G. , Dombrovski Alexandre , Eaton Nicholas R. , First Michael B. , Forbes Miriam K. , Hyman Steven E. , Jonas Katherine G. , Krueger Robert F. , Latzman Robert D. , Li James J. , Nelson Brady D. , Regier Darrel A. , Rodriguez-Seijas Craig , Ruggero Camilo J. , Simms Leonard J. , Skodol Andrew E. , Waldman Irwin D. , Waszczuk Monika A. , Watson David , Widiger Thomas A. , Wilson Sylia , Wright Aidan G. C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) has emerged out of the quantitative approach to psychiatric nosology. This approach identifies psychopathology constructs based on patterns of co-variation among signs and symptoms. The initial HiTOP model, which was published in 2017, is based on a large literature that spans decades of research. HiTOP is a living model that undergoes revision as new data become available. Here we discuss advantages and practical considerations of using this system in psychiatric practice and research. We especially highlight limitations of HiTOP and ongoing efforts to address them. We describe differences and similarities between HiTOP and existing diagnostic systems. Next, we review the types of evidence that informed development of HiTOP, including populations in which it has been studied and data on its validity. The paper also describes how HiTOP can facilitate research on genetic and environmental causes of psychopathology as well as the search for neurobiologic mechanisms and novel treatments. Furthermore, we consider implications for public health programs and prevention of mental disorders. We also review data on clinical utility and illustrate clinical application of HiTOP. Importantly, the model is based on measures and practices that are already used widely in clinical settings. HiTOP offers a way to organize and formalize these techniques. This model already can contribute to progress in psychiatry and complement traditional nosologies. Moreover, HiTOP seeks to facilitate research on linkages between phenotypes and biological processes, which may enable construction of a system that encompasses both biomarkers and precise clinical description.