bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between depressive symptom scores, plasma C-reactive protein levels and postoperative length of stay in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Ivankovic Stjepan , Coric Vedran , Paic Frane , Peles Alma Mihaljevic , Svagusa Tomo , Kalamar Viktor , Petričević Mate , Biocina Bojan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThis study aimed to identify the association of preoperative depressive symptoms and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels with postoperative recovery time of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). MethodsThe study included 212 elective CABG patients subdivided into two groups based on the presence or absence of preoperative depressive symptoms measured by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) and the PRIME-MD/PHQ-9 test score. The CRP was measured before surgery, and sequentially (1-6 days postoperatively) during the patient's in-hospital stay. Three summary scores of postoperative CRP response were generated: I) “early” (1-3) II) “persistent” (3-6) and III) “overall” (1-6 postoperative day). ResultsCABG patients with longer postoperative hospital length of stay (LOS > 7 days) have significantly higher total BDI-II (P = 0.014), and CRP measured on days 3 (P = 0.009), 4 (P = 0.001), 5 (P = 0.001), and 6 (P = 0.001) postoperatively, as well as higher “persistent” (P < 0.001) and “overall” (P = 0.004) CRP response. Association of “persistent” and “overall” CRP response to longer postoperative hospital LOS was also confirmed by binary logistic regression analysis. Patients with longer hospital LOS also had lower (P = 0.001) preoperative hemoglobin, a higher EuroSCORE II (P < 0.001), longer ventilation time (P = 0.016), and prolonged intensive care unit length of stay (P = 0.022) when compared to the group with shorter postoperative LOS (< 7 days). Significantly lower preoperative hemoglobin levels (P = 0.044), higher EuroSCORE II (P < 0.001), and longer ventilation time (P = 0.029) was also recorded among patients with elevated depressive symptoms (BDI-II >13). ConclusionsDepressive symptoms are associated with higher operative risk expressed by calculating EuroSCORE II value, longer postoperative hospital LOS, higher preoperative and on the first postoperative day CRP values. There is also a positive correlation with the former and smoking, a slightly lower ejection fraction and significant anemia. A higher CRP on and after the third postoperative day is a positive predictor of an increase in length of postoperative hospital stay. Clinically compromised elderly CABG patients with pronounced comorbidities and female CABG patients were more prone to preoperative depression.
Analysis on the detection rate of Giardia lamblia in children of Sichuan province of China
Authors: Hu Zhengqiang , Zhong Yonglin , Li Jie , Li Yunxia 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the detection rates of Giardia lamblia in children of Sichuan province and analyze the susceptible population and the cause of infection.
Methods
The routine fecal examination of a total of 11575 cases were done by normal wet smear microscopy, and the suspected cases were stained with iodine in outpatient children of West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University from September 1st, 2020 to August 31th, 2021.
Results
In the stools of 11,515 outpatient children, 11 cases of cysts or trophozoites of G. lamblia were detected, among which 9 cases were from ethnic minority patients and 2 case were from Han patients. The G. lamblia detection rate of Han patients was 0.019%, while that of ethnic minority patients was 0.968%, between which there was a statistically significant difference (P<0.05).
Conclusions
The detection rate of G. lamblia in minority patients was higher than that in Han patients. To reduce the spread and epidemic of giardiasis, the epidemic prevention in minority areas should be strengthened and the good hygienic habits of children should be cultivated.
UV light device for vertical screening of contaminated soil samples with petroleum hydrocarbon
Authors: Giacheti Heraldo Luiz , Arakaki Edson , Nagata Daniel Takenori , Riyis Marcos Tanaka 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Petroleum hydrocarbons in light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) can generate significant contaminations when released into the ground. The identification, delimitation and understanding of their interactions with the hydro-stratigraphical media are essential in geo-environmental site characterization. The investigations of LNAPL contaminated sites in Brazil are mostly carried out with monitoring wells, which has limitations to identify LNAPL. The site characterization techniques based on the emission of ultraviolet light (UV), commercially known as UVOST and OIP works better to identify and provide qualitative LNAPL data. A bench testing campaign was conducted to evaluate the performance of an alternative, low-cost UV light device for identifying the presence of LNALP contamination in soil samples. This device creates a dark environment and uses UV light at different wavelengths combined with different color filters. Three different soils (organic, fine-medium sand and well-sorted medium sand), three products of petroleum hydrocarbons (lubricating oil, gasoline and diesel) and deionized water were combined. A total of 54 Bench tests was performed for hydrocarbon detection to assess the applicability of the alternative, low-cost UV light device. The UV-C light with a red colour filter provided the best results for identifying soil contamination. It was found the UV light device is more efficient when using different wavelengths associated with more than one colour filter. The application of this system has been broadened as it has now become more efficient for use with different combinations of soil types and LNAPL sources.
Gender Affects Dezocine Antagonizes Sufentanil Analgesia During Anesthesia Induction and Endotracheal Intubation: An Up-and-Down Sequential Allocation Trial
Authors: Chen Nanjin , Wang Xiaodan , Chen Lingyang , Wang Mingcang , Jiang Yongpo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: In the clinic, dezocine has been used to inhibit sufentanil-induced cough (SIC). The aim of the study is to explore the effect of dezocine on the analgesic effect of sufentanil during anesthesia induction and endotracheal intubation.Methods: ASA I-II, adult patients undergoing general anesthesia and endotracheal intubation were enrolled. The intubation reaction including blood pressure and heart rate were measured. Dixon’s up‑and‑down method was used to calculate the median effective dose (ED50) of sufentanil required to blunt the intubation reaction for women and men separately. A dose‑response curve was generated by the probit analysis in each groups. Results: In females, the ED50 of sufentanil for blunting the intubation reaction in the nondezocine and dezocine groups was 0.23±0.03μg/kg and 0.26±0.05μg/kg, respectively. No significant difference was observed between the two groups (P>0.05); In males, the ED50 of sufentanil for blunting the intubation reaction in the nondezocine and dezocine groups was 0.35±0.03μg/kg and 0.43±0.04μg/kg, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05); The probit analysis revealed that the ED50 of sufentanil in the female&nondezocine and female&dezocine groups was 0.219μg/kg (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.183–0.248μg/kg) and 0.241μg/kg (95% CI, 0.192–0.282μg/kg), respectively; In males, the ED50 of sufentanil in the nondezocine and dezocine groups was 0.339μg/kg(95%CI, 0.291–0.374μg/kg) group and 0.409μg/kg(95%CI, 0.357–0.472μg/kg), respectively. Conclusions: Our data suggest that dezocine could antagonize sufentanil analgesic during anesthesia induction and endotracheal intubation in males but not in females.Clinical trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry; Trial registration number: ChiCTR2000039261; URL: http://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=62951&htm=4.
Transposable Element Polymorphisms Improve Prediction Of Complex Agronomic Traits In Rice
Authors: Vourlaki Ioanna-Theoni , Castanera Raúl , Ramos-Onsins Sebastián E. , Casacuberta Josep M , Pérez-Enciso Miguel 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Transposable Elements Polymorphisms (TIPs) are significant sources of genetic variation. Previous work has shown that TIPs can improve detection of causative loci on agronomic traits in rice. Here, we quantify the fraction of variance explained by Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) compared to TIPs, and we explore whether TIPs can improve prediction of phenotypes when compared to using only SNPs. We used eleven traits of agronomic relevance from by five different rice population groups (Aus, Indica, Aromatic, Japonica and Admixed), 738 varieties in total. We assess prediction by applying data split validation in two scenarios. In the within population scenario, we predicted performance of improved Indica varieties using the rest of Indica and additional samples. In the across population scenario, we predicted all Aromatic and Admixed samples using the rest of populations. In each scenario, Bayes C and a Bayesian reproducible kernel Hilbert space regression were compared. We find that TIPs can explain an important fraction of total genetic variance, often more than the fraction explained by SNPs, and that they also improve genomic prediction, especially in the across population prediction scenario, where TIPs outperformed SNPs in nine out of the eleven traits analyzed. In some phenotypes like leaf senescence or grain width, using TIPs increased predictive correlation by 40%. Our results evidence, for the first time, that TIPs genotyping can improve prediction on complex agronomic traits in rice, especially when samples to be predicted are less related to training samples.
Enhancement and Maintenance of Hepatic Metabolic Functions by Controlling Three-Dimensional Aggregation of Cryo-Preserved Human iPS Cells Derived Hepatocyte-Like Cells
Authors: Tao Fumiya , Hanada Sanshiro , Matsushima Kazuya , Arakawa Hiroshi , Ishida Naoki , Kato Yukio , Okimura Saya , Watanabe Tomohisa , Kojima Nobuhiko 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) generated from human induced pluripotent stem cells are potent cells to study individual-specific hepatotoxicity for drug screening test. However, the functions of metabolic enzymes are practically low. 3D spheroid is a potent strategy to enhance the differentiation efficacy from undifferentiated cells, but 3D formation of “differentiated” HLCs is not fully examined. Here, we successfully reconstituted stable and compact 3D spheroids of commercially available cryo-preserved HLCs by our original spheroid formation method with high viscous methylcellulose medium, while conventional formation methods never formed the spheroid. 3D formation enhanced the hepatic functions and maintained the functions for 14 days. Especially, drug-metabolizing enzymes, cytochrome P450, were 10- to 100-fold enhanced compared to conventional 2D culture, which is applicable to a typical drug-metabolizing test using LC-MS/MS. Our formation method has an impact on functional spheroid formation.
Effectiveness of a result-based motivational system to reduce the behavioral risk factors of Non-Communicable Diseases: A Field Trial Study
Authors: Asadi-Aliabadi Mehran , Karimi Seyed M , Mirbaha-Hashemi Fariba , Tehrani-Banihashemi Arash , Janani Leila , Babaee Ebrahim , Nojomi Marzieh , Moradi-Lakeh Maziar 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Noncommunicable diseases behavioral risk factors are the most important modifiable risk factors. They can be improved as long as the relevant interventions are designed in accordance with the context of the health system and its resources in different regions. In this trial, the effectiveness of intervention packages focusing on increasing non-physician health workers’ motivation to reduce non-communicable diseases behavioral risk factors was evaluated.Methods: A randomized field trial study was conducted in 32 community health centers in 4 Iranian districts after a baseline population survey on 30−70-year-old individuals (n=1225). The interventions were performed to improve insufficient physical activity, fruit consumption, vegetable consumption, high salt intake, and tobacco use. Four packages of interventions were implemented in 24 community health centers; the other 8 centers were used as control groups. The non-physician health workers performed the interventions. The packages included different mixtures of 4 components: goal-setting, evidence-based education, operational planning, and incentive payments. A second survey was conducted one year after the start of the interventions to identify the effects on an independent random sample (n=1221). The difference-in-difference method was used to quantify the interventions’ effects.Results: The average age of participants in both surveys was about 49 years. Also, in both surveys, about half of the participants were female, and about 43% were either illiterate or had primary school education. The interventions had statistically significant effects only on decreasing the prevalence of insufficient physical activity. The package with all the intervention components decreased the odds of insufficient physical activity to 0.24(95% CI: 0.08, 0.72). The packages with operational planning but no performance-based financing did not change the odds of insufficient physical activity.Conclusions: This study highlighted the importance of components, design, and implementation details of interventions intended to reduce NCDs behavioral risk factors. Some risk factors such as physical activity seem to be more easily modifiable with limited low-cost interventions in a one-year horizon. However, risk factors related to the consumption of healthy food and tobacco use need larger, macro-level interventions.Trial Registration: This trial registered on the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20081205001488N2) on 3 June 2018 (https://en.irct.ir/trial/774 ).
Identification of Key ncRNAs and ceRNA Network in DR via Bioinformation Analysis
Authors: Li Jingru , Li Chaozhong , Wu Xinyu , Yu Shuai , Sun Guihu , Ding Peng , Lu Si , Zhang Lijiao , Yang Ping , Peng Yunzhu , Fu Jingyun , Wang Luqiao 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to find potential diagnostic biomarkers for diabetic retinopathy (DR) , explore its ceRNA mechanism and analyze the role of immune cell infiltration in DR. Method.Three microarray datasets for human retina tissues and aqueous humor in DR were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. First, differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) and differentially expressed mRNAs (DE-mRNAs) were identified by R software. Then xCell and ImmuCellAI were used to evaluate the infiltration of immune cells in DR retina tissues. BioGPS was used to identify tissue/organ-specific genes; DE-mRNA was enriched, and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to understand its functions and enrichment pathways and identify hub genes. Finally, we used target gene prediction software to construct competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks for hub genes and visualized them with Cytoscape.Result.A total of 90 DE-miRNAs were identified in the GSE140959 datasets. Among these DE-miRNAs, the top 3 upregulated miRNAs, hsa-miR-3960, -548y and -7, may be potential biomarkers for diagnosis of DR. In the GSE160306 datasets, we recognized 147 DE-mRNAs. The xCell analysis identified immune cells that are significantly changed after DR, such as memory B-cells, eosinophils and M2 macrophages. Immune cell infiltration analysis found that natural killer T (NKT) cells, mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, exhausted T cells and macrophages may be involved in the DR process. Comprehensive analysis showed that the negative regulation of cellular defense response and adaptive immune response was the main process of significant enrichment of DE-mRNAs. Among these DE-mRNAs, we identified 91 tissue/organ-specific expressed genes and intersected with 10 cytoHubba genes to finally obtain three central hub genes: IL6, SLAMF1 and CCL8. And finally constructed PP12613/hsa-miR-2114-3p/IL6, LINC00960/has-miR-6891-5p/SLAMF1 and KCNQ1OT1/hsa-miR-7151-3p/CCL8 network with potential regulatory effect on DR progression. Conclusions.In conclusion, we believe that hsa-miR-3960, -548y and -7 can be used as diagnostic markers for DR, and PP12613/hsa-miR-2114-3p/IL6, LINC00960/has-miR-6891-5p/SLAMF1 and KCNQ1OT1/hsa-miR-7151-3p/CCL8 regulatory networks play important roles in the occurrence and progression of DR. At the same time, the infiltration of immune cells is also an important part of DR pathology, regulating the severity of DR. Our data provide compelling insights into the pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets of DR.
Inhibiting PHD2 in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in an inflammatory microenvironment facilitates periodontal repair in SD rats
Authors: Yan Fuhua , Luo Binyan , Chen Changxing , Tan Baochun , Cui Di , Wang Min , Qian Jun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Both seed cells and the oxidative stress-induced inflammatory microenvironment are crucial in periodontal regeneration. The inhibition of prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing protein 2 (PHD2), which activates the HIF pathway, can regulate the inflammatory response and improve wound healing during tissue repair. The present study focused on the ability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) with PHD2 gene silencing to modulate periodontal regeneration of the inflammatory microenvironment through the PHD2/HIF-1α signalling pathway.Methods: In this study, PHD2 expression in BMMSCs was downregulated under normoxic conditions via lentiviral vector-mediated RNA interference to promote HIF-1α accumulation. We evaluated the osteogenic differentiation of BMMSCs with PHD2 gene silencing in an inflammatory microenvironment in vitro. Then, the PHD2 gene-modified BMMSCs were transplanted into rats with experimental periodontitis to observe their effects on periodontal repair.Results: PHD2 gene silencing resulted in stable expression of HIF-1α and further upregulated the expression of osteogenic genes in BMMSCs. More importantly, the PHD2-silenced group exhibited a significantly enhanced osteoinductive effect and increased VEGF levels in an inflammatory environment, which were weakened by blocking the VEGF receptor. In addition, PHD2-modified BMMSC transplantation elevated osteogenic parameters and the expression of both HIF-1α and VEGF in periodontal tissue.Conclusion: PHD2 gene silencing is a feasible approach to combat inflammatory bone loss by rescuing the dysfunction of seed cells and has a promising therapeutic effect on periodontal regeneration.
Roles of Granularity and Timescales in Debris Flow Hazards on Alluvial Fans
Authors: Hill Kimberly , Chen Tzu-Yin , Hung Chi-Yao , Mullenbach Jared 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Alluvial fans are cone-shaped, soil-rich geomorphological features common to mountainous regions where they offer relatively convenient, though frequently hazardous, settings for habitation and infrastructure. Debris flows (massive, muddy, rocky flows) contribute significantly to these hazards as they carry focused, collisional, fast-moving materials across alluvial fans, unpredictably in size, speed, and direction. We research how particle sizes contribute to flow and depositional dynamics toward greater predictive capabilities, particularly needed under climatic conditions of increasing high-magnitude storm events. Toward this, we analyzed field data from two neighboring alluvial fans in the White Mountains (California, USA) that exhibit dramatically different topographies despite their proximity and associated similar long-term climates. Informed by these measurements, we performed long-term and incremental alluvial fan experiments using debris-flows whose contents we varied systematically. We found (1) increasing fine particle content correlates with diversity of fan slopes and associated channelization dynamics; (2) long-term alluvial fan experiments form more uniformly complex surface channelizations than repeated flows for the same total time, indicating the importance of both particle sizes and timescales on alluvial fan dynamics and associated hazards.
Experimental phase transition mapping for hydrogen above 300 K up to 300 gigapascals
Authors: Zha Chang-Sheng , Liu Hanyu , Wang Zhongwu , Bassett William 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A vast amount of Raman spectroscopic data, obtained using diamond anvil cell technique under in situ high pressure-temperature conditions, has been used for mapping the phase transitions of hydrogen in the temperature range of 300 – 900 K and pressure up to 300 gigapascals -- a pressure-temperature region in which most phase information was unknown previously. The isothermal and isobaric dependencies in frequency and peak width for intramolecular vibration Raman mode of hydrogen are established based on thousands of data files which are measured during hundreds of independent high pressure-temperature experimental runs. Discontinuities of pressure and temperature dependencies in frequency and peak-width, together with appearance or disappearance of observed Raman modes were obtained. Those transition data show self-consistency and have been used for outlining 13 phase transition boundaries and 15 possible phases. This large, diversified behavior of spectra demonstrates that surprisingly rich and complicated phase transitions may exist in this pressure-temperature region.
Clean energy consumption and CO2 emissions: Does China reduce some pollution burdens through environmental regulation?
Authors: Zhang Chuan , Cao Ruoxi , Majeed Muhammad Tariq , Usman Ahmed 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study scrutinizes the asymmetry phenomenon in environmental regulation- clean energy and environmental quality nexus in China. The study adopts the time series nonlinear ARDL approach proposed by Shin et al. (2014), which separates positive shocks from negative shocks to environmental regulation. Our findings reveal that there is evidence of asymmetry in the environmental regulation- clean energy nexus in China in the short and long run, while asymmetry holds in direction and magnitude in short-run and only in magnitude in long run over the period of study. We find that the response of environmental quality to environmental regulation shocks differs in magnitude and direction in the only long run. The asymmetries exist in clean consumption and CO2 emissions findings, Thus China should revise the policies of energy and environment.