bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of life and home parenteral nutrition: a survey of UK healthcare professionals' knowledge, practice and opinions
Authors: Kirk Colette , Pearce Mark S. , Mathers John C. , Thompson Nicholas P. , Gemmell Lisa , Jones David E. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is increasing interest in the assessment of health‐related quality of life (QoL) in the care of patients treated with home parenteral nutrition (HPN). However, it is not known whether healthcare professionals (HCPs) have embedded QoL assessment into routine clinical practice in line with current guidelines to favour a more holistic approach to HPN care. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge, current practice and the opinions of HCPs regarding QoL in care of patients on HPN.MethodsAn online survey was distributed via email to HCPs working with HPN patients throughout England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Participants were identified using a mailing list for the British Intestinal Failure Alliance, a specialist group within the British Association for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition.ResultsThe survey was completed by 67 professionals comprising 24 dietitians, 17 nurses, 14 gastroenterologists, 6 pharmacists, 5 surgeons and 1 psychologist. Of these, 54 (80%) participants agreed that the measurement of QoL is useful. In contrast, 38 (57%) of all participants, including 27 (50%) of those participants who agreed that the measurement of QoL was useful, never measured QoL. Knowledge of QoL literature was rated as poor or very poor by 27 (40%) participants.ConclusionsDespite the perceived usefulness and importance of QoL assessment, very few HCPs embed it into clinical practice. Knowledge of QoL literature and QoL tools is variable, and there is significant variability in QoL practice. This is clear in terms of the frequency of QoL assessments and heterogeneity in methodology. In contrast, there was almost unanimous agreement that the complications associated with HPN contribute to poorer QoL. There is a need for specific, evidence‐based, clinical practice guidelines detailing how to define and measure QoL in this patient population.
Molecular targets of endothelial phosphatidic acid regulating major depressive disorder
Authors: Edwards Michael J. , Wilson Gregory C. , Keitsch Simone , Soddemann Matthias , Wilker Barbara , Müller Christian P. , Kornhuber Johannes , Gulbins Erich 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe disease of unknown pathogenesis with a lifetime prevalence of ~10%. Therapy requires prolonged treatment that often fails. We have previously demonstrated that ceramide levels in the blood plasma of patients and in mice with experimental MDD are increased. Neutralization of blood plasma ceramide prevented experimental MDD in mice. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that blood plasma ceramide accumulated in endothelial cells of the hippocampus, inhibited phospholipase D (PLD) and thereby decreased phosphatidic acid in the hippocampus. Here, we demonstrate that phosphatidic acid binds to and controls the activity of phosphotyrosine phosphatase (PTP1B) in the hippocampus and thus determines tyrosine phosphorylation of a variety of cellular proteins including TrkB. Injection of PLD, phosphatidic acid, or inhibition of PTP1B abrogated MDD and normalized cellular tyrosine phosphorylation, including phosphorylation of TrkB and neurogenesis in the hippocampus. Most importantly, these treatments also rapidly normalized behavior of mice with experimental MDD. Since phosphatidic acid binds to and inhibits PTP1B, the lack of phosphatidic acid results in increased activity of PTP1B and thereby in reduced tyrosine phosphorylation of TrkB and other cellular proteins. Thus, our data indicate a novel pathogenetic mechanism of and a rapidly acting targeted treatment for MDD.image
Phosphacan acts as a repulsive cue in murine and rat cerebellar granule cells in a TAG‐1/GD3 rafts‐dependent manner
Authors: Komatsuya Keisuke , Iguchi Tomohiro , Fukuyama Michiko , Kawashima Ikuo , Ogura Kiyoshi , Kikuchi Norihito , Shimoda Yasushi , Takeda Yasuo , Shimonaka Motoyuki , Yamamoto Naomasa , Sugiura Nobuo , Maeda Nobuaki , Kasahara Kohji 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPhosphacan, a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, is a repulsive cue of cerebellar granule cells. This study aims to explore the molecular mechanism. The glycosylphosphatidylinositol‐anchored neural adhesion molecule TAG‐1 is a binding partner of phosphacan, suggesting that the repulsive effect of phosphacan is possibly because of its interaction with TAG‐1. The repulsive effect was greatly reduced on primary cerebellar granule cells of TAG‐1‐deficient mice. Surface plasmon resonance analysis confirmed the direct interaction of TAG‐1 with chondroitin sulfate C. On postnatal days 1, 4, 7, 11, 15, and 20 and in adulthood, phosphacan was present in the molecular layer and internal granular layer, but not in the external granular layer. In contrast, transient TAG‐1 expression was observed exclusively within the premigratory zone of the external granular layer on postnatal days 1, 4, 7, and 11. Boyden chamber cell migration assay demonstrated that phosphacan exerted its repulsive effect on the spontaneous and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)‐induced migration of cerebellar granule cells. The BDNF‐induced migration was inhibited by MK‐2206, an Akt inhibitor. The pre‐treatment with a raft‐disrupting agent, methyl‐β‐cyclodextrin, also inhibited the BDNF‐induced migration, suggesting that lipid rafts are involved in the migration of cerebellar granule cells. In primary cerebellar granule cells obtained on postnatal day 7 and cultured for 7 days, the ganglioside GD3 and TAG‐1 preferentially localized in the cell body, whereas the ganglioside GD1b and NB‐3 localized in not only the cell body but also neurites. Pre‐treatment with the anti‐GD3 antibody R24, but not the anti‐GD1b antibody GGR12, inhibited the spontaneous and BDNF‐induced migration, and attenuated BDNF‐induced Akt activation. These findings suggest that phosphacan is responsible for the repulsion of TAG‐1‐expressing cerebellar granule cells via GD3 rafts to attenuate BDNF‐induced migration signaling.image
Evaluation of the serum C‐reactive protein–albumin ratio and its relationship with disease severity IN alopecia areata: A prospective case–control study
Authors: Kalaycı Bülent Nuri , Balta İlknur 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune and inflammatory disease characterized by localized or diffuse non‐scarring hair loss. The serum C‐reactive protein (CRP)/albumin ratio (CAR) is a novel inflammatory marker and a significant prognostic indicator in several diseases.AimWe aimed to explore CAR in AA patients and healthy controls and analyze the possible correlation between CAR and disease severity.MethodThe present study was conducted with 65 eligible AA patients and 65 age‐ and gender‐matched healthy controls. Disease severity was analyzed based on the Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) score. The CAR score was calculated by dividing serum CRP by the albumin content in both patient and healthy control groups.Findings56.9% of the patients were male and 43.1% were female, and the mean age was 31.93 ± 9.67. The patient group' mean CAR level (0.42 ± 0.3) was statistically higher than that of the healthy controls (0.07 ± 0.04), (p < 0.05). There were positive correlations between disease severity, CAR (r = 0.65; p < 0.01), and CRP (r = 0.66; p < 0.01), while the correlation between disease severity and albumin was negative (r = −0.56; p < 0.01). In the receiver operating characteristic analysis conducted on disease severity, the area under the curve was 0.16 for albumin, 0.92 for CRP, and 0.95 for CAR. The optimum CAR for AA severity was 0.38 with 87% sensitivity and 92% specificity.ConclusionIn the study, we determined that the CAR was higher in AA patients when compared to the control group, and the elevation was associated with disease severity. The present study findings demonstrated that alopecia areata was associated with systemic inflammation, and CAR is a useful inflammatory marker in AA patients.
Clinical evaluation of the efficacy of fractional radiofrequency for the treatment and reduction of stretch marks: A prospective study
Authors: Adatto Maurice 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesSkin resurfacing with fractional radiofrequency results in reepithelization, collagen shrinkage, fibroblast stimulation, and neocollagenesis which may be beneficial for the improvement of various skin lesions. This clinical study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of fractional radiofrequency device (FRF) for the treatment of striae.MethodsSeventeen subjects, totaling 67 treatment zones were evaluated. Subjects had 4 FRF treatment sessions to the striae areas, at 4‐weeks interval. 3D‐standardized photographs of the treatment area with a 3D camera were used to evaluate striae volumetric improvement from baseline to follow up (FU) visits at 12 and 16 weeks post‐final treatment. A satisfaction questionnaire was completed by subjects at each of the follow‐up visits. Additionally, the mean scores of the live investigator assessments of Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS), Subject Satisfaction Scale, Pain Visual Analog Scale and Tolerability Score were calculated.ResultsA total of 15 subjects completed the study (Fitzpatrick skin type I‐III, average age 36.2 years) received 4 FRF treatments on multiple different body zones with multiple passes over stretch marks on the abdomen, inner arms, lower buttocks, inner thighs, and/or flanks. Analysis of 3D photographs of the striae affected zones at 16‐week FU revealed an average reduction in the striae volume of 19.1%, a reduction of redness of 14.3%, a reduction of pigmentation of 11.2%, and a reduction of striae color of 8.82%. The GAIS improved by 1.7‐points when compared to baseline. Treatments were well tolerated with subjects reporting a mean score of 3.8 out of 10 for pain and 3.1 out of 4 for tolerability (indicating the treatment was “tolerable”), with no occurrences of serious adverse events. The average subject satisfaction at 16‐week follow‐up was 3.1, out of a total of 4, which signified subjects were “satisfied” with their treatment.Conclusion3D Image analysis of the treated zones presented overall reductions in the color and texture of striae after four treatments with FRF. A combination of ablation and coagulation introduced by FRF treatment resulted in improvement to the appearance of the treated striae.
Review of the microbiome in skin aging and the effect of a topical prebiotic containing thermal spring water
Authors: Woolery‐Lloyd Heather , Andriessen Anneke , Day Doris , Gonzalez Noelani , Green Lawrence , Grice Elizabeth , Henry Michelle 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundInterest in the skin microbiome and the cosmetic benefits of probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics is increasing.AimThe current review explores the influence of the skin microbiome on facial skin aging and the effects of oral and topical probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics use on skin aging and cosmetic outcomes.MethodsFive dermatologists who treat clinical signs of facial skin aging and a microbiome scientist (advisors) explored the relationship between the skin microbiome and skin aging. Published evidence and the advisors' knowledge lead to guidance on the skin microbiome using oral and topical prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics to reduce signs of aging.ResultsThe role of the microbiome in aging skin is an emerging concept. A diverse skin microbiome is essential for skin health. Preliminary studies suggest oral probiotics and prebiotics may play a role in reducing signs of skin aging, likely through shifting to a greater skin and gut microbiome diversity. Thermal spring water contains probiotics and prebiotics. Preliminary studies suggest topically applied probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics may improve signs of skin aging, including a reduction in fine lines and increased hydration.ConclusionsThe panel agreed that oral and topical prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics may play a role in improving signs of aging by improving the skin microbiome. Larger studies with more prolonged treatment trials are needed to better understand the microbiome's role in skin aging and the possible benefits of prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics use.
Benefits and safety of Oxymetazoline cream 1% on rosacea‐associated erythema: A systematic review and analysis of clinical evidence
Authors: Yuan Xin , Yin Dan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundFacial persistent erythema is recognized as difficult feature to treat in rosacea. Topical Oxymetazoline cream 1% has been used to treat persistent facial erythema in rosacea patients for some years.ObjectiveTo quantitatively synthesize the benefits and harms of Oxymetazoline cream 1% in real‐world clinical management of treatment response and adverse events.MethodsThe clinical researches before June 1, 2022 published on online databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Library were meta‐analyzed.ResultsA total of 2298 participants were included, and the improvement rate of two‐grade Clinician Erythema Assessment score (CEA) and Subject Self‐Assessment for rosacea facial redness score (SSA) in Oxymetazoline group was 38% (95%CI 28–48) and 25% (95%CI 22–27), respectively, at the 4th week of the dosing. The comprehensive rate of treatment‐related TEAEs in Oxymetazoline group was 7% (95%CI 5–8). The rate of stinging/burning was 15% (95%CI 10–19), pruritus was 15% (95%CI 9–22), dryness was 23% (95%CI 18–28), and scaling was 17% (95%CI 12–22) in analysis of dermal tolerability. And topical Oxymetazoline cream 1.0% presented a very low rebound rate of erythema (1%, 95%CI 0–2).ConclusionsThese real‐world data on Oxymetazoline cream 1% in rosacea‐associated erythema may help making clinic decision and informing treatment expectations, and more clinic trials on longer‐term dosing or the combination treatment with oral medication and energy‐based therapy are worth exploring.
Chart based data as a resource for tracking and improving a person‐centred palliative approach in long‐term care
Authors: Sussman Tamara , Lawrence Jack , Earn Arielle , Wilkie Matt , Hunter Paulette , Kaasalainen Sharon 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo enhance the practice of a person‐centred palliative approach in long‐term care.BackgroundImplementing a person‐centred palliative approach in long‐term care entails placing residents at the centre of care planning that attends to the ‘whole’ person, rather than prioritising biomedical needs.DesignWe conducted a four‐stage directed content analysis of long‐term care progress notes to meet our study aims and applied the EQUATOR guidelines for qualitative research publication (COREQ).MethodsWe qualitatively analysed 78 resident charts across three long‐term care homes in southern Ontario to capture the extent to which person‐centred care was absent, initiated or implemented in different types of documented care interactions.ResultsMost residents had interactions related to daily care activities (65/78, 83%), social concerns (65/78, 83%) and treatment decisions (53/78, 68%). By contrast, interactions around pain and discomfort (34/78, 44%) and spirituality (27/78, 35%) were documented for less than half of the residents. Almost all (92%) residents had at least one progress note where staff initiated person‐centred care by documenting their preference for a certain type of care, but only a third had at least one progress note that suggested their preference was implemented (35%).ConclusionsWhile person‐centred care is often initiated by nurses and other allied health professionals, changes to care plans to address resident preferences are implemented less often. Nurses and other allied health professionals should be encouraged to elicit care preferences crucial for holistic care planning and equipped with the skills and support to enact collaborative care planning.Relevance to Clinical PracticeCollaborative care planning appears relatively absent in charted progress notes, constraining the full implementation of a person‐centred palliative approach to care.Patient or Public ContributionAn advisory group consisting of long‐term care resident and staff representatives informed the overall study design and dissemination of the results.
Development of quality measures to assess tooth decay outcomes from electronic health record data
Authors: Brandon Ryan G. , Bangar Suhasini , Yansane Alfa , Neumann Ana , Mullins Joanna M. , Kalenderian Elsbeth , Walji Muhammad F. , White Joel M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo develop outcomes of care quality measures derived from the dental electronic health record (EHR) to assess the occurrence and timely treatment of tooth decay.MethodsQuality measures were developed to assess whether decay was treated within 6 months and if new decay occurred in patients seen. Using EHR‐derived data of the state of each tooth surface, algorithms compared the patient's teeth at different dates to determine if decay was treated or new decay had occurred. Manual chart reviews were conducted at three sites to validate the measures. The measures were implemented and scores were calculated for three sites over four calendar years, 2016 through 2019.ResultsAbout 954 charts were manually reviewed for the timely treatment of tooth decay measure, with measure performance of sensitivity 97%, specificity 85%, positive predictive value (PPV) 91%, negative predictive value (NPV) 95%. About 739 charts were reviewed for new decay measure, with sensitivity 94%, specificity 99%, PPV 99%, and NPV 94%. Across all sites and years, 52.8% of patients with decay were fully treated within 6 months of diagnosis (n = 247,959). A total of 23.8% of patients experienced new decay, measured at an annual exam (n = 640,004).ConclusionMethods were developed and validated for assessing timely treatment of decay and occurrence of new decay derived from EHR data, creating effective outcome measures. These EHR‐based quality measures produce accurate and reliable results that support efforts and advancement in quality assessment, quality improvement, patient care and research.
Popular fiction and white extremism: Neo‐Nazi ideology and medievalist crime fiction
Authors: Young Helen , Downes Stephanie 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDystopian near‐future fantasies of violent white revolution and genocide—most infamously, William L. Pierce's The Turner Diaries (1978)—are the most well‐known and studied fictions by white extremists. They are, however, not the only genre through which the extreme far‐right engage with popular culture. In this article, we explore how popular historical fictions can accomodate white extremist presence and propagandising. We analyse generic conventions in the medieval murder mystery The Black Flame (2001) by self‐identified neo‐Nazi Harold A. Covington (1953–2018), showing that the book shares trends and tropes with contemporary medievalisms, including in historical crime fiction and other popular genres and media. By focussing on these conventions, we seek common places in the popular that can, paradoxically, create space for the fringe extreme.
Promethean ethics and nineteenth‐century ecologies
Authors: Braham Kira , Lindstrom Eric 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis essay analyses multiple strands of Promethean thought across nineteenth‐century British literature, demonstrating how Prometheanism—as the modern myth of freedom from nature—is interwoven with ecological realities and discourse. We chart the Promethean myth through its expression as a symbol of political aspiration in the Romantic era into the Victorian period, where it becomes entangled in the discourse of work ethics. Victorian authors, we show, deployed a Promethean imaginary to spiritualize both humanity's subjugation of nature and the imperial subjugation of non‐white peoples. Engaging with W.E.B Du Bois, as well as ecocritical scholars like Amitav Ghosh and Sylvia Federici, we consider how the Promethean ethos shaped a technophilic discourse of human mastery that continues to yield destructive ecological and social consequences.
Literacy and literary learning on BookTube through the lenses of Latina BookTubers
Authors: Paladines Lenin , Aliagas Cristina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this study, we examine various aspects of BookTubers' literacy practices, regarding the personal and social factors that lead readers to devote themselves to the BookTube community, the elements that BookTubers consider as they create and publish video book reviews and the sort of literary learning this digital literacy practice entails. For this purpose, narrative interviews were conducted with six BookTubers, five of them from Latin America and one from Spain. Their answers offer insights into the motivations and unique types of learning that come together in this literary practice. A qualitative analysis of the interviews shows that affective engagement with books is a singular feature of BookTubers' understanding of reading culture and that literary video reviews are created in a complex bricolage process where resources, skills and knowledge are mobilised and develop, both aspects also being associated with the development of an online social reading identity. In addition, an ecological approach to analysing literacy and literary learning in the BookTuber culture points to the importance of framing video book reviews as a didactic resource with considerable potential to bring new learning practices to in‐school literary education.
m6A demethylase Fto regulates the TNF‐α‐induced inflammatory response in cementoblasts
Authors: Li Biao , Du Mingyuan , Sun Qiao , Cao Zhengguo , He Hong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveApical periodontitis is the most frequently occurring pathological lesion. Fat mass and obesity‐associated protein (Fto) is the first identified RNA N6‐methyladenosine demethylase. However, whether Fto regulates apical periodontitis remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the mechanisms of Fto in the tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α)‐induced inflammatory response.Materials and MethodsWe established an apical periodontitis model. An immortalized cementoblast cell line (OCCM‐30) cells were exposed to TNF‐α. Fto, Il6, Mcp1, and Mmp9 expressions were assessed by qRT‐PCR. We knocked down Fto using lentiviruses and detected TNF‐α‐induced inflammation‐related gene expressions and mRNA stability.ResultsMice with apical periodontitis showed downregulation of Fto expression. OCCM‐30 cells exposed to TNF‐α showed an upregulation of inflammation‐related genes with a decrease in Fto. Furthermore, knockdown of Fto promoted the expressions of Il6, Mcp1, and Mmp9 in TNF‐α‐treated OCCM‐30 cells as compared with negative control cells, whereas it did not affect the mRNA stability. Interestingly, Fto knockdown activated the p65, p38, and ERK1/2 pathways, and it slightly activated the JNK signaling pathway after TNF‐α administration in OCCM‐30 cells.ConclusionA TNF‐α‐induced decrease in the expression of Fto might play a critical role in the inflammatory response in cementoblasts, and knockdown of Fto might upregulate the inflammatory response.