bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A prospective diagnostic evaluation of accuracy of self-taken and healthcare worker-taken swabs for rapid COVID-19 testing
Authors: Savage Helen R. , Finch Lorna , Body Richard , Watkins Rachel L. ,   LSTM Diagnostics group,   CONDOR steering group, Hayward Gail , Cook Eloïse , Cubas-Atienzar Ana I. , Cuevas Luis E. , MacPherson Peter , Adams Emily R. 
Published: June 2022

Background
Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) developed for point of care detection of SARS-CoV-2 antigen are recommended by WHO to use trained health care workers to collect samples. We hypothesised that self-taken samples are non-inferior for use with RDTs to diagnose COVID-19. We designed a prospective diagnostic evaluation comparing self-taken and healthcare worker (HCW)-taken throat/nasal swabs to perform RDTs for SARS-CoV-2, and how these compare to RT-PCR.

Methods
Eligible participants 18 years or older with symptoms of COVID-19. 250 participants recruited at the NHS Test and Trace drive-through community PCR testing site (Liverpool, UK); one withdrew before analysis. Self-administered throat/nasal swab for the Covios® RDT, a trained HCW taken throat/nasal sample for PCR and HCW comparison throat/nasal swab for RDT were collected. RDT results were compared to RT-PCR, as the reference standard, to calculate sensitivity and specificity.

Findings
Seventy-five participants (75/249, 30.1%) were positive by RT-PCR. RDTs with self-taken swabs had a sensitivity of 90.5% (67/74, 95% CI: 83.9–97.2), compared to 78.4% (58/74, 95% CI: 69.0–87.8) for HCW-taken swabs (absolute difference 12.2%, 95% CI: 4.7–19.6, p = 0.003). Specificity for self-taken swabs was 99.4% (173/174, 95% CI: 98.3–100.0), versus 98.9% (172/174, 95% CI: 97.3–100.0) for HCW-taken swabs (absolute difference 0.6%, 95% CI: 0.5–1.7, p = 0.317). The PPV of self-taken RDTs (98.5%, 67/68, 95% CI: 95.7–100.0) and HCW-taken RDTs (96.7%, 58/60, 95% CI 92.1–100.0) were not significantly different (p = 0.262). However, the NPV of self-taken swab RDTs was significantly higher (96.1%, 173/180, 95% CI: 93.2–98.9) than HCW-taken RDTs (91.5%, 172/188, 95% CI 87.5–95.5, p = 0.003).

Interpretation
In conclusion, self-taken swabs for COVID-19 testing offer an accurate alternative to healthcare worker taken swabs for use with RDTs. Our results demonstrate that, with no training, self-taken throat/nasal samples can be used by lay individuals as part of rapid testing programmes for symptomatic adults. This is especially important where the lack of trained healthcare workers restricts access to testing.
From fragments to connections to restoration: A case history of emergent sociocultural services in the Clark Fork River and Lake Pend Oreille fishery
Authors: Corsi Charles E. , Corsi Matthew P. , Wallen Kenneth E. , Bouwens Kenneth A. , Kusnierz Paul C. , Shaw Kaitlyn E. , Hall Nathan E. , Maroney Joseph S. , Williams James S. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Lake Pend Oreille and the Clark Fork River provide essential ecosystem services, including fisheries and hydroelectric power, to residents of Montana, Idaho, and Washington. Although conflicts exist, these services are maintained in concert by emergent sociocultural services created by a multi-institutional, transboundary collaboration. This has been enabled by an innovative Federal Energy Regulatory Commission license settlement agreement among a multitude of stakeholders. The consensus-based agreement promotes connections among people, projects, waterways, and fish populations. Collaborative management efforts allow stakeholders to address controversial issues, such as invasive fish suppression. We demonstrate how reciprocal cultural ecosystem services and services to ecosystems can enable ecosystem-scale restoration that addresses invasive species, habitat protection, and water quality management. Continued ecosystem management success relies on sustaining the relationship-building and shared knowledge services that have emerged over the past 25 years.
Autonomous underwater glider observations in southern Lake Ontario and Niagara River plume
Authors: McKinney Paul , Hollenhorst Tom , Hoffman Joel 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The nearshore areas of the Laurentian Great Lakes provide valuable ecosystem services including habitat for a variety of species and water for surrounding communities. Recent declines in nearshore water quality have increased the need for understanding the connectivity between nearshore and offshore areas; however observing water quality variability across the dynamic nearshore to offshore transition zone poses logistical challenges for traditional observing systems. Here we evaluate cross-shore and along-shore water quality gradients using observations from two three-week deployments of a Slocum autonomous glider in southern Lake Ontario. The glider was deployed between the Niagara River mouth and Rochester, NY during early and late summer 2018, and each deployment resulted in over 3000 vertical profiles of the water column and several transects between 2 km and 20 km from shore. In early summer, the cross-shore chlorophyll gradient was characterized by highest values just below the surface, at the frontal zone between weakly stratified conditions closer to shore and unstratified conditions offshore. In late summer, stratified conditions extended across the entire survey area. The depth of the thermocline was deeper and chlorophyll values were lower within 10 km of shore than offshore, where the highest chlorophyll values were observed in a distinct layer below the thermocline. In both early and late summer, the frontal boundary indicated by the cross-shore chlorophyll gradient was located below the surface and well offshore of what is typically considered the nearshore zone but was within the width of the coastal boundary layer. The high-resolution glider observations provide a detailed view of patterns of variability across a dynamic coastal zone and pinpoint the cross-shore frontal boundary that may be important for biologists to differentiate biological communities.
Marketing controversies—Dolce & Gabbana’s China campaign Eating with Chopsticks
Authors: Jia Jemince Ruxin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In early November 2018, the Italian fashion house Dolce & Gabbana (D&G), founded by Domenico Dolce and Stefano Gabbana, posted a campaign video Eating with Chopsticks (qi kuai chifan 起筷吃饭) on Instagram, Twitter, and Chinese Weibo (微博) for its forthcoming Great Shanghai Show. This video spurred anger in China. Netizens boycotted the brand nationwide. The Show in Shanghai was forced to cancel, the brands’ stores in China were surrounded by protesters, and the brands’ products were pulled down from the virtual shelves of major Chinese e-commerce platforms. This paper analyzes the meaning and influence of the video Eating with Chopsticks and a series of campaigns and fashion shows that the brand promoted from 2015 to 2019 on Twitter, Instagram, and Weibo. It experiments an interdisciplinary approach to the issues of gender, cultural, and racial discriminations, using literature from gender studies, cultural studies, media studies, consumer studies, and marketing studies.
Isolation and identification of unstable components from Caesalpinia sappan by high-speed counter-current chromatography combined with preparative high-performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Wu Yameng , Xie Jianhui , Zeng Jielin , Bai Rui , Zhang Hui , Yan Jizhong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Caesalpinia sappan L. (C. sappan L.), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been widely used to treat bruises and dysmenorrhea, performing pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor. C. sappan L. has been reported to contain compounds such as protosappanins, brazilins, and homoisoflavones. In the pre-experiments, we discovered that there were many unstable components in the characteristic chromatogram of C. sappan L. Here, silica-gel column chromatography, high-speed counter-current chromatography, and preparative high-performance liquid chromatography were combined and applied to isolate the unstable components from alcohol extract of C. sappan L. The results showed that four unstable compounds were collected with the purity higher than 95.0%, characterized as episapponal, brazilin, sapponal, and 4-O-methylsapponal by hydrogen-1 and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance. Based on the above results, the characteristic chromatogram of C. sappan L. was established, and the characteristic peaks were identified. These results provided a theoretical basis for the quality assessment of C. sappan L.
Hyperspectral imaging detects perfusion and oxygenation differences between stapled and hand-sewn intestinal anastomoses
Authors: Wagner Tristan , Radunz Sonia , Becker Felix , Chalopin Claire , Kohler Hannes , Gockel Ines , Jansen-Winkeln Boris 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Hand-sewn and stapled intestinal anastomoses are both daily performed routine procedures by surgeons. Yet, differences in micro perfusion of these two surgical techniques and their impact on surgical outcomes are still insufficiently understood. Only recently, hyperspectral imaging (HSI) has been established as a non-invasive, contact-free, real-time assessment tool for tissue oxygenation and micro-perfusion. Hence, objective of this study was HSI assessment of different intestinal anastomotic techniques and analysis of patients’ clinical outcome.

Methods
Forty-six consecutive patients with an ileal–ileal anastomoses were included in our study; 21 side-to-side stapled and 25 end-to-end hand-sewn. Based on adsorption and reflectance of the analyzed tissue, chemical color imaging indicates oxygen saturation (StO2), tissue perfusion (near-infrared perfusion index [NIR]), organ hemoglobin index (OHI), and tissue water index (TWI).

Results
StO2 as well as NIR of the region of interest (ROI) was significantly higher in stapled anastomoses as compared to hand-sewn ileal–ileal anastomoses (StO2 0.79 (0.74–0.81) vs. 0.66 (0.62–0.70); p<0.001 NIR 0.83 (0.70–0.86) vs. 0.70 (0.63–0.76); p=0.01). In both groups, neither anastomotic leakage nor abdominal septic complications nor patient death did occur.

Conclusions
Intraoperative HSI assessment is able to detect significant differences in tissue oxygenation and NIR of hand-sewn and stapled intestinal anastomoses. Long-term clinical consequences resulting from the reduced tissue oxygenation and tissue perfusion in hand-sewn anastomoses need to be evaluated in larger clinical trials, as patients may benefit from further refined surgical techniques.
Improving the efficiency of intrusion detection in information systems
Authors: Ouarda Lounis , Malika Bourenane , Yousfi Nacer Eddine , Brahim Bouderah 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Policy Interaction Graph Analysis is a Host-based Intrusion Detection tool that uses Linux MAC Mandatory access control policy to build the licit information flow graph and uses a detection policy defined by the administrator to extract illicit behaviour from the graph. The main limitation of this tool is the generation of a huge signature base of illicit behaviours; hence, this leads to the use of huge memory space to store it. Our primary goal in this article is to reduce this memory space while keeping the tool’s efficiency in terms of intrusion detection rate and false generated alarms. First, the interactions between the two nodes of the graph were grouped into a single interaction. The notion of equivalence class was used to classify the paths in the graph and was compressed by using a genetic algorithm. Such an approach showed its efficiency compared to the approach proposed by Pierre Clairet, by which the detection rate obtained was 99.9%, and no false-positive with a compression rate of illicit behaviour signature database reached 99.44%. Having these results is one of the critical aspects of realizing successful host-based intrusion detection systems.
Performance Investigations of Symmetric 80 Gbps TWDM NG-PON2 coexisting with GPON/XG-PON
Authors: Kaur Ramandeep , Singh Rajandeep 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the system consists of 80 Gbps next-generation passive optical network stage 2 (NG-PON2) co-existing with gigabit passive optical network (GPON) and 10 Gbps gigabit passive optical network (XG-PON) has been presented. The performance of the system has been evaluated for minimum bit error rate (BER) for varied distances (40 km to 100 km). It has been observed that due to the inadequate performance of XG-PON for upstream for higher lengths; the proposed system is limited to 40 km fiber length. To overcome this problem the proposed system is further simulated by increasing upstream transmission power of GPON and XG-PON. With the optimum parameters, the system maximum distance of 60 km has been reached for all GPON, XG-PON, and NG-PON2 without any inline amplification.
Performance evaluation of MDM-FSO transmission system for varying atmospheric conditions
Authors: Suman Anita , Kumar Ajay 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We report the designing of a free-space-optics (FSO) transmission system capable of transmitting high rate information by utilising novel mode division multiplexing (MDM) transmission technique. In the work reported, 2-channels transmitting 10 Gbps data, using either non-return-to-zero (NRZ) encoding scheme or return-to-zero (RZ) encoding scheme are modulated by using different Hermite–Gaussian (HG) modal beams of the single laser beam to realize of 20 Gbps transmission system. The system proposed is simulative analysed under the effect of different weather states. Also, we have compared the bit error rate (BER) and Quality factor (Q Factor) performance for RZ and NRZ encoding schemes in the system for varying weather states. The results reported show that NRZ encoding exhibits a superior performance. Also, we have analysed the system performance by taking into consideration atmospheric scintillation effect and the reported results show notable signal degradation in the presence of scintillation.
Literary Texts from the Sippar Library III: ‘Eriš šummi’, a Syncretistic Hymn to Marduk
Authors: Fadhil Anmar Abdulillah , Jiménez Enrique 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The article contains the first edition of a hymn known in Antiquity as Eriš šummi, in which the major gods of the Mesopotamian pantheon are explained as aspects of Marduk. Two large tablets, one from the Sippar Library and one from Nineveh, are published here for the first time, along with several smaller manuscripts of the text. The apparent monotheistic agenda of the hymn is discussed and compared with other syncretistic texts from Ancient Mesopotamia. In addition, it is argued that the new hymn can be regarded as a pastiche of Enūma eliš VI-VII.
Area exclosure with moisture harvesting structures relative to only exclosure facilitates the restoration of woody plants in a degraded area in Alaba Kulito, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Alem Shiferaw , Dinku Adane 
Published: June 2022

<p>The study aimed to evaluate the effect of area exclosure established in a degraded area with moisture harvesting structures (EX-SWC) relative to the adjacent exclosure area without moisture harvesting structures (EX) in restoring the woody plants. Vegetation data from a total of 30 plots that has an area of 20 m x 20 m, in the EX-SWC and the adjacent EX area were collected, independently. The density of trees and seedlings, diversity, vegetation structure and Importance Value Index (IVI) were analysed. Pearson’s correlation was also used for the data analysis. The Shannon diversity index was 1.6 and 1.57 in the EX-SWC and EX area, respectively. The relative density of trees (578 stems/ha) and seedlings (1530 stems/ha) in the EX-SWC area were relatively higher than the relative density of trees (466 stems/ha) and seedlings (1202 stems/ha) in the adjacent EX area. There was no significant relationship between the number of moisture harvesting structures established in each plot and the relative density of seedlings per plot (p &lt;0.05, R<sup>2</sup>=0.18). The relative density of seedlings at the lower height classes (1 – 60 cm) in the EX-SWC area was relatively higher than the adjacent EX area. The IVI result for most of the recorded species in the EX-SWC area was also relatively higher than in the EX area. The overall results showed that the implemented moisture harvesting structures facilitated the regeneration of woody plants in the degraded area. Therefore, we recommend implementing soil and water conservation structures in degraded area restoration projects to facilitate the regeneration of woody plants. </p>
Tolerance of lonkida (Nauclea orientalis L.) seedlings inoculated with mycorrhizae against drought and waterlogging stress
Authors: Tuheteru Faisal Danu , Arif Asrianti , Husna Husna , Basrudin Basrudin , Albasri Albasri , Mansur Irdika , Turjaman Maman , Hadijah Miranda Hadiyanti , Rumambi Agnitje , Prasetya Budi , Male Armila R 
Published: June 2022

Abiotic stress is a limiting factor for plant growth and development. The use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can reduce the negative effects of abiotic stress. This study aimed to determine the tolerance of <em>Nauclea orientalis</em> inoculated with mycorrhizae to drought and waterlogging stresses. This research was carried out at the Indonesian Mycorrhizal Association’s greenhouse and Forestry laboratory University of Halu Oleo in Kendari City, Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia, from March to June 2019. The study used a factorial completely randomized design consisting of two factors. The first factor was Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) inoculations (A) consisting of a control, AMF types of <em>Acaulospora</em> <em>sp.-1</em>, and <em>Claroideoglomus etunicatum. </em> The secod factor was environmental stress treatments (B) consisting of a control, soil moisture 25% of field capacity, 50% of field capacity, inundated as high the polybag (9 cm high) and inundated over the polybag. The results showed that local AMF was effective in improving plant growth. Interaction between inoculation of <em>Acaulospora</em> sp.-1 and environmental stress significantly increased AMF colonization on the <em>N. orientalis</em> roots. Inoculation of <em>C.etunicatum</em> significantly improved the <em>N. orientalis</em> growth. The treatment of drought stress with a field of 50% field capacity negatively influenced plant dry weight and the relative growth of the <em>N. orientalis</em>.
Functional skewing of TRIM21‐SIRT5 interplay dictates IL‐1β production in DSS‐induced colitis
Authors: Yao Pengbo , Chen Taiqi , Jiang Peng , Li Li , Du Wenjing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMacrophage polarization determines the production of pro‐ or anti‐inflammatory cytokines in response to various bacterial and virus infections. Here, we report that pro‐inflammatory macrophage polarization induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) skews the TRIM21‐SIRT5 interplay toward TRIM21 activation and SIRT5 degradation, resulting in an enhancement of interleukin (IL)‐1β production in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, LPS challenge enhances the interaction between TRIM21 and SIRT5 to promote SIRT5 ubiquitination and degradation, while reducing the binding of SIRT5 to HAUSP, a deubiquitinating enzyme that stabilizes SIRT5. In a feedback loop, SIRT5 degradation sustains the acetylation of TRIM21 at Lys351, thereby increasing its E3 ligase activity in LPS‐activated macrophages. Thus, we identify a functional balance between TRIM21 and SIRT5 that is tilted toward SIRT5 suppression in response to LPS stimulation, thereby enhancing IL‐1β production during inflammation.
ІННОВАЦІЙНИЙ РОЗВИТОК ЕКСПОРТУ ПОСЛУГ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ МИРНОГО ТА ВОЄННОГО ЧАСУ
Authors: Kliuvak O. V. 
Published: June 2022

Система міжнародної торгівлі є одним із ключових драйверів розвитку світового господарства в умовах глобалізаційних процесів, яка передбачає наявність експорту-імпорту товарів та послуг. Незважаючи на велику кількість праць, присвячених дослідженню різних аспектів функціонування системи експорту, необхідно констатувати, що не достатньо висвітленою і вивченою залишається сфера експорту послуг. Важливість дослідження інноваційного розвитку експорту послуг України поглиблюється тим, що після повномасштабного вторгнення росії на територію України товарний експорт зазнав значного скорочення та потребує тривалого часу на його повне відновлення.
У статті розглянуто сутність експорту послуг крізь призму його чотирьох моделей, а саме: транскордонне надання послуг, споживання за кордоном, комерційна присутність, присутність фізичної особи. Проаналізовано структуру зовнішньої торгівлі послугами України у 2021 року та встановлено, що перспективною сферою експорту України в умовах сучасної російсько-української війни є сфера телекомунікацій, комп’ютерних та інформаційних послуг.
Розроблено підхід до формування системи інноваційного розвитку підприємств сфери послуг у контексті експортної стратегії України, глобалізаційних процесів та умов воєнного стану. Систематизовано основні інструменти підтримки експорту послуг України в умовах російсько-української війни та заакцентовано увагу на доцільності активізації та реалізації європейської концепції смарт-спеціалізації регіонів.
Запропоновано напрям удосконалення системи експорту України в умовах воєнного та повоєнного часу, який передбачає:

реалізацію європейської концепції смарт-спеціалізації регіонів, спрямованої на сферу послуг, зокрема креативну, туристичну, рекреаційну та інформаційну індустрію тих територій України, які зазнали менших втрат внаслідок широкомасштабного вторгнення в Україну збройних сил російської федерації;
модель розвитку експортоорієнтованих підприємств сфери послуг на засадах FinTech інновацій, використання технологій Індустрії 4.0 та еко-інноваційності.