bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HEALTHCARE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE SOCIAL POLICY OF THE SOVIET STATE IN THE LATE 1920S-30S OF THE XXTH CENTURY (BY THE MATERIALS OF NIZHNY NOVGOROD AND KIROV REGIONS)
Authors: Gallyamova Zemfira V. 
Published: September 2022

Background. The processes of modernisation in the late 20s-30s of the 20th century (or in the 20-30s of the 20th century) resulted in qualitative changes in all life spheres of the Russian society. The radical renewal of industrial production was accompanied by the creation of a complex social infrastructure. This causes interest in the organization of the healthcare system as a criterion for socially-oriented management under a large-scale transformation of Russia.
Purpose. The aim of the article is to analyse health care as a modernisation element of social and economic changes during the Great Leap.
Materials and methods. The author bases his research on unpublished archival materials, materials of local periodicals, normative acts of the Soviet government. When analysing the material, the author resorts to special methods of historical research.
Results. The results of the study show that in the 20-30s of the 20th century, health care becomes one of the most important areas of state policy, flexibly incorporating into the modernisation course. The organisation of health care took place in difficult conditions of forming a new state, restoring after post-war devastation and combating epidemics. The chosen vector of the socio-economic course determined social priorities for healthcare. A differentiated, class approach to medical care for the population proceeded in accordance with the program guidelines outlined in the five-year plans. Maintaining the health of the working class was regarded one of the leading factors of production. Under the lack of workers, one of the most important public policies was the involvement of women in production and, as a result, the deployment of preventive medical measures in childcare centres.
At the same time, there is an apparent bias in medical care in favor of urban areas. In the conditions of forced industrialisation, limited resources, the agricultural sector was considered more a source of financing than an object of investment. In general, the health care system built according to the principles of N.A. Semashko provided for the unity of command, a wide territorial coverage, including the provision of medical care to the entire population. But historical conditions did not allow the declared provisions to be realised full-scale.
Practical implications. The results of the study can be used in writing generalizing works on the social policy in the late 1920s-30s of the XXTH century.
Comparative experimental evaluation of the bactericidal effect of an antiseptic „ANK-neutral”
Authors: Terekhov G. , Chukhraev N. , Zukow W. , Savitska I. , Shcherbakov S. , Sytnik V. 
Published: September 2022

The article presents the results of an experimental study of the bactericidal action of the disinfectant "ANK-neutral" on bacterial cultures: ESCHERICHIA COLI, KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE, PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA, STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS, CANDIDA ALBICANS. Оptions for the use of "ANK-neutral" for preventive and therapeutic purposes are proposed.
The Psychology of Habit Formation and Christian Moral Wisdom on Virtue Formation
Authors: Pawl Timothy J. 
Published: September 2022

In this paper, I provide an overview of the Christian moral wisdom with respect to virtue formation and character cultivation. I focus in particular on some warnings issued by the great teachers on these topics with respect to the motivations one ought to have in the Christian life. I then discuss some findings of contemporary psychology on habit formation which seem to be at odds with the warnings in Christian moral wisdom. I argue that while there is surface discord between the contemporary psychology of habit formation and Christian moral wisdom, there is in fact a deep concord between them.
Intraoperative pressure injury and risk factors in long-term surgical interventions
Authors: İpek Büşra , Sayın Yazile 
Published: September 2022

Background: If the operation time is 60 minutes or longer, the patient's risk of pressure injury increases.
Aim: This study aims to determine the prevalence and risk factors for intraoperatively acquired pressure injury (IAPI) in patients who underwent surgery for 60 ≥ minutes in a hospital in Turkey.
Methods: The research is a cross-sectional, descriptive, prospective design. Data were collected in the perioperative period (N=200). Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics Form and 3S intraoperative pressure injury risk assessment scale were used for data collection.
Findings: IAPI occurred in 18.0% of participants. In this study, there was a statistically significant correlation with women ([RR: relative risk]:1.242, 95%, CI [confidence interval]: 0.484-3.190) at risk of pressure injury, those with chronic diseases and those who had major surgery (RR: 11.569, 95%, CI: 2.029-65.954). In addition, the patient's position during surgery posed a 2.6 times (95% CI: 0.552-12.674) risk for pressure injury.
Based on IRAS score, there was a significant relationship between the time of the operation (RR:2.051, 95% CI: 1.113-3.780), and the intraoperative stress (RR:4.338, 95% CI: 1.815-10.369) for the risk of pressure injury.
Conclusion: IAPI remains a significant problem in the operating room. In this study, according to sociodemographic characteristics, being female, having a history of chronic disease and being a candidate for major surgery may cause the intraoperative pressure injury. According to 3S- IRAS, long operative time and high skin stress score may create a significant risk of intraoperative pressure injury. Perioperative nurses should assess the risk of each surgical patient and provide position support for the patient during the surgical procedure.
Keywords: Surgery; pressure injury; intraoperative; risk factors; prevalence
Komposisi Jenis Ikan di Fish Apartment Perairan Situbondo
Authors: Handayani Muliawati , Sukandar Sukandar 
Published: September 2022

Perairan Situbondo telah lama dikenal sebagai produksi ikan hias air laut. Penangkapan ikan hias di Situbondo salah satunya terletak di perairan Pasir Putih. Sebelum tahun 2015 penangkapan ikan hias menggunakan alat tangkap destruktif hingga mengakibatkan kerusakan ekosistem terumbu karang. Salah satu upaya pelestarian ekosistem terumbu karang dan ikan hias dapat dilakukan dengan penenggelaman rumah ikan yang telah dilakukan pada tahun 2013, 2014 dan 2015. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelimpahan ikan, mengestimasi komposisi jenis ikan dan menganalisis indeks keanekaragaman, keseragaman dan dominansi. Survey dilakukan dengan visual sensus menggunakan Belt Transect. Survey dilakukan pada fase bulan mati dan fase bulan purnama. Kelimpahan ikan pada fase bulan mati hampir mencapai tiga kali lipat dibandingkan dengan kelimpahan ikan pada fase bulan purnama. Ikan yang ditemukan terdiri dari 16 family dari 26 spesies pada fase bulan mati dan 15 family dari 22 spesies pada fase bulan purnama. Indeks keanekaragaman dan keseragaman pada fase bulan mati dan purnama tidak berbeda secara signifikan dan tergolong keanekaragaman rendah serta komunitas tertekan. Indeks dominansi pada fase bulan mati menunjukkan dominansi yang sedang, sedangkan pada fase bulan purnama menunjukkan dominansi yang rendah. Situbondo sea have long been known as ornamental fish production. One of the ornamental fish explorations in Situbondo is located in the Pasir Putih Beach. Before 2015, ornamental fish catchment using unfriendly environmental fishing gear effected in coral reef ecosystems destruction. Fish apartment is one of the efforts to restore and conserve coral reef ecosystem. Fish apartments initiation have been carried out in 2013, 2014 and 2015. This study aims to determine the abundance of fish, estimate the composition of fish species and analyze the diversity index, similarity index and dominance index. The survey was conducted by visual census using a Belt Transect carried out during the dead moon phase and the full moon phase. The abundance of fish in the dead moon phase is almost three times higher than the abundance of fish in the full moon phase. The fish recorded consist 16 families of 26 species in the dead moon phase and 15 families of 22 species in the full moon phase. The diversity and similarity indexes in the dead and full moon did not differ significantly and were classified as low diversity and depressed communities. Dominance index in the dead moon phase shows moderate dominance, while the full moon phase shows low dominance.
Pengaruh Parameter Oseanografi Fisik Terhadap Indikasi Pemutihan Karang (Coral Bleaching) di Taman Wisata Perairan (TWP) Kapoposang Spermonde Selat Makassar
Authors: Muhaemin Moh , Arifin Taslim , Mahdafikia Nafisa , Fihrin Hafidzuddin 
Published: September 2022

Karang di Taman Wisata Perairan (TWP) Kapoposang terindikasi mengalami tekanan lingkungan sebagai dampak antropogenik ataupun alami. Kondisi alami yang diduga berperan terhadap kesehatan karang di kawasan tersebut adalah suhu permukaan laut (SPL), salinitas, dan arus permukaan laut (APL). Penelitian dilakukan untuk menganalisis sebaran horizontal parameter oseanografi fisik (SPL, salinitas, dan APL) dan indikasi hubungan antara parameter tersebut dengan pemutihan karang (persentase tutupan karang, PTK). Data seri waktu SPL, salinitas, dan APL pada kurun waktu 2003-2020 dianalisis berdasarkan musim dengan menggunakan Surfer 13 untuk memperoleh pola sebaran horizontal parameter tersebut. Secara terpisah, data citra Landsat pada kurun waktu 2000, 2005, 2015 dan 2020 dianalisis dengan menggunakan Er Mapper 7.0, Envi 5.3, dan ArcGis 10.7 untuk pemetaan klasifikasi karang. Analisis spasio temporal deskriptif digunakan untuk menggambarkan variabilitas kondisi oseanografi dan indikasi hubungannya dengan pemutihan karang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa SPL pada musim timur lebih tinggi dari musim barat, sedangkan salinitas dan APL di musim timur lebih rendah dari musim barat. Persentase tutupan karang hidup terhadap karang total (KH/KT) cenderung menurun pada kurun waktu 20010-2020, sedangkan persentase karang mati terhadap karang total (KM/KT) cenderung meningkat. Terdapat indikasi kuat SPL berkorelasi kuat terhadap peristiwa pemutihan karang di TWP Kapoposang. Corals at the Marine Tourism Park (MTP) of Kapoposang have been depleting by the anthropogenic or natural disaster effects. The natural phenomena which have been affecting the local corals were sea surface temperature (SST), salinity, and sea surface current (SSC). The research was conducted to analyze the horizontal distribution of those oceanographic parameters and to describe relationship indication of local coral bleaching events (represented by coral coverage area, CCA). The horizontal monsoonal distribution pattern of SST, salinity, and SSC data series (2003 to 2020) were analyzed by using Surfer ver13. In addition, the CCA’s distinct Landsat imagery data (2000, 2005, 2015, and 2020) was analyzed by using Er Mapper ver 7.0, Envi ver 5.3, and ArcGis ver 10.7 softwares. Generally, the descriptive spacious-temporal data analysis was used to describe the variability of monsoonal oceanographic conditions (related to regional oceanographic phenomena) and its indication relationship with local coral bleaching events. The result showed that SST in east season was tend to higher than SST in west season; whereas salinity and SSC in east season were tend to lower than those in west season. The life and total CCA ratio (KH/KT) had different trend in which compared with the death and total CCA ratio (KM/KT). Respectively, the SST had close relationship with local coral bleaching events in MTP of Kapoposang.
Kelimpahan Bivalvia di Muara Sungai Tuntang Morodemak Berdasarkan Kandungan Bahan Organik dan Fraksi Sedimen
Authors: Septiningtyas Mutiara Mega , Supriyantini Endang , Pribadi Rudhi 
Published: September 2022

Aktivitas manusia yang dilakukan disekitar wilayah Perairan Morodemak akan memberikan sumbangan terbesar terhadap kandungan bahan organik dan akan berpengaruh terhadap kondisi ekologis perairan. Tujuan dari penelitian untuk mengetahui fraksi sedimen dan kandungan bahan organik serta kelimpahan bivalvia di Muara Sungai Tuntang Morodemak. Metode penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kuantitatif. Terdapat tiga stasiun dalam pengambilan sampel yang ditentukan secara purposive. Hasil fraksi sedimen didominasi oleh pasir (sand) berkisar antara 99,9%. Kandungan bahan organik sedimen diperoleh rata – rata sebesar 5,8% yang termasuk dalam kriteria rendah. Kelimpahan relatif tertinggi dimiliki spesies Perna viridis sebesar 78,3 ind/m2 dan kelimpahan relatif terendah dimiliki spesies Anadara granosa sebesar 21,7 ind/m2. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman (H’) dan nilai indeks keseragaman (E) tergolong dalam kriteria rendah. Hubungan kandungan bahan organik sedimen dengan kelimpahan bivalvia diperoleh nilai korelasi positif sebesar 0,99. Hal tersebut berarti terdapat hubungan yang sempurna/sangat tinggi, dimana keberadaan bahan organik pada sedimen mendukung keberlangsungan hidup bivalvia. Hubungan fraksi sedimen pasir dengan kelimpahan bivalvia diperoleh nilai korelasi negatif sebesar -0,55. Hal tersebut berarti terdapat hubungan yang rendah/lemah, dimana fraksi sedimen pasir mengalami penurunan maka kelimpahan bivalvia juga akan menurun. Human activities carried out around the Morodemak waters largely contributee to the organic matter content and affects the ecological conditions of the waters. The purpose of this study was to determine the sediment fraction and organic matter content as well as the abundance of bivalves in the Tuntang Morodemak estuary. This research method is descriptive quantitative. There are three stations in the sampling which were determined purposively. The results of the sediment fraction are dominated by sand ranging from 99,9%. The organic matter content of the sediment obtained an average of 5,8% which is included in the low criteria. Perna viridis species has the highest relative abundance of 78.3 ind/m2 and the lowest relative abundance is Anadara granosa species of 21,7 ind/m2. The diversity index value (H') and the uniformity index value (E) are classified as low criteria. The relationship between sediment organic matter content and the abundance of bivalves obtained a positive correlation value of 0,99. This means that there is a perfect/very high relationship, where the presence of organic matter in the sediment supports the survival of bivalves. The relationship between the sand sediment fraction and the abundance of bivalves obtained a negative correlation value of -0,55. This means that there is a low/weak relationship, where the sand sediment fraction decreases, the abundance of bivalves will also decrease.
Potensi dan Strategi Pengembangan Budidaya Rumput Laut di Desa Randusanga Kulon, Brebes
Authors: Sitompul Joitry Silvia , Susanto AB , Setyati Wilis Ari 
Published: September 2022

Desa Randusanga Kulon adalah daerah pertambakan yang digunakan untuk budidaya rumput laut dengan kondisi tambak yang cukup dangkal dengan substrat yang berlumpur berwarna hitam. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik lokasi budidaya rumput laut, potensi dan strategi pengembangan budidaya rumput laut di Desa Randusanga Kulon, Brebes. Penelitian merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survey. Penelitian ini menggunakan instrument yaitu kuesioner, wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil identifikasi faktor strategis internal terdapat 5 kekuatan dan 5 kelemahan, factor eksternal terdapat 5 peluang dan 5 ancaman. Nilai IFAS sebesar 3,28 dan nilai EFAS adalah 3,05 dalam matriks IE berada pada sel I, yaitu menggambarkan tumbuh dan berkembang. Berdasarkan analisis SWOT diperoleh 12 alternatif strategi. Prioritas strategi yang terpilih dengan menggunakan analisis QSPM adalah meningkatkan keterampilan dalam membudidaya dan pengolahan rumput laut (nilai TAS 5,21), memperluas dan mempertahankan jaringan penjualan rumput laut (nilai TAS 5,02) dan menignkatkan pelatihan/ pendampingan kepada petani rumput laut saat budidaya maupun pasca panen (nilai TAS 4,69). Village Randusanga Kulon is area used farm _ for cultivation grass sea with condition enough pond _ shallow with muddy substrate _ colored black. Destination study this is for knowing characteristics location cultivation grass sea, potential and strategy development cultivation grass the sea in the village Randusanga Kulon, Brebes. Study is study descriptive that uses approach quantitative with survey method. Study this using the instrument, namely questionnaire, interview, observation and documentation. Results identification factor internal strategic there are 5 strengths and 5 weaknesses, external factors there are 5 chances and 5 threats. IFAS value is 3.28 and EFAS value is 3.05 in IE matrix is located on cell I, i.e describe grow and growing. Based on SWOT analysis obtained 12 alternatives strategy. Priority chosen strategy with use QSPM analysis is increase Skills in cultivate and processing grass sea (TAS value 5,21), expand and maintain network sale grass sea (TAS value 5.02) and boost training / mentoring to farmer grass sea moment cultivation nor post harvest (TAS value 4.69).
Factors associated with arrival timing and condition of migrant landbird species in northeastern Pennsylvania
Authors: Smith Robert J. , Hatch Margret I. , Graham Jason M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractExtrinsic and intrinsic factors operating during and prior to the passerine spring migratory period have been associated with both migratory timing and condition. Here we take advantage of a long-term data set to answer questions about how extrinsic factors encountered on the wintering grounds (El Niño Southern Oscillation, ENSO) anden route(temperatures south of our study site) along with intrinsic factors (age, sex if possible) influenced both arrival timing and condition at our site in northeastern Pennsylvania. Older birds preceded younger, male Common Yellowthroats (Geothlypis trichas) preceded females and within a year later arriving Gray Cat-birds (Dumetella carolinensis) and Common Yellowthroats were in better condition. We found that Gray Catbirds and Common Yellowthroats migrating during warmer years arrived in better condition. Finally, we found evidence that ENSO, likely via influencing weather and food availability during the winter, was associated with arrival timing in Veery (Catharus fuscescens), Common Yellowthroats and possibly Gray Catbirds. Our results support the hypothesis that events experienced earlier, either between (wintering to migratory periods) or within (earlier vs. later in migration) phases of the avian annual cycle may carry over, influencing fitness later in time or in subsequent phases of the annual cycle.
Spoilers as (Un)Wanted Information: How Reader’s Engagement with Paratextual Material Affects Wellbeing
Authors: Romaguera Gabriel 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Engaging with a text allows one to enter a flow state through the actions or reading/viewing a narrative or event. Spoilers, which provide information about the text but bypassing the intended reading path as set out by the author, can serve to interrupt a state of flow, dissuade one from even attempting to interact with the text at hand, or catch one’s eye to an interesting aspect that would normally be hidden. In this study, I classify spoilers through Genette’s concept of paratexts and how they affect one’s wellbeing through the notions of Seligman’s PERMA theory (Positive Emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishments, with specific focus on aspects of engagement. Throughout this work, I denote different aspects of spoilers as found in examples of popular culture to establish how these paratexts can hinder or help in one’s engagement with a potential text and how these can affect one’s wellbeing. In order to help readers avoid unwanted spoilers. I also include how different elements of digital media can be adapted in order that one obtain such information only if one desires it to make an informed decision as to whether or not engage with a specific text.
ДИНАМИЧЕСКИЕ ДАВЛЕНИЯ НА ОПОРЫ ПРИ ВРАЩЕНИЯ ДИСКРЕТИЗИРУЮЩЕГО БАРАБАНЧИКА ВОКРУГ НЕПОДВИЖНОЙ ОСИ
Authors: Адизова Азиза Журакуловна 
Published: September 2022

Изучение давления вращающегося дискретизирующего барабанчика на ось вращения позволяет определить вибрации прядильных машин. В статье определено динамическое давление на опоры дискретизирующего барабанчика, возникающие при его вращении.
МОМИҚНИ AРРА ТИШИДАШ АЖРАТИШ УЧУН ҲАВОЛИ МОСЛАМАСИНИ ТАКОМИЛЛАШТИРИШ
Authors: Пардаев Мухиддин Сайлов , Очилов Махсуджон Мурадуллаевич , Отахонов Обидхон Давлатович 
Published: September 2022

Момиқ ажратиш жараёнида қўлланиладиган ускунанинг чигит ўтказиш ва момиқ ажратиш бўйича иш унимдролиги, момиқ ажратилган чигит таркибида қолдиқ тукдорлик миқдори ўрганилди. Момиқни арра тишларидан ажратиш жараёни таҳлил қилинган, момиқни арра тишларидан ажратиб олувчи ресурс тежамкор ҳово мосламаси таклиф этилган. Момиқни арра тишларидан ажратиб олувчи ҳаво мосламасининг назарий асослари ўрганилиб оптимал параметрлари аниқланди.
A EVREN'S PERSPECTIVE TO TURKISH FOREIGN POLICY IN THE 1980-1989 PERIOD
Authors: Ebru Gogercin 
Published: September 2022

The 1980 and later period, especially the 12 September 1980 coup, is undoubtedly one of the most important periods of Turkish political life. The events before and after September 12 constitute a breaking point in Turkish politics. It's possible to feel the dynamics that this creates even today. In particular, politically and socially, it still maintains its freshness in society's memory. Even today, the effects of the 12 coup and the impact of the coup have been seen in some places in daily life. This is precisely why we need to examine this important period of Turkey and the most important actor of this period, Kenan Universe. The aim of the study is to understand the reflections of this transformation to the present day, especially the impact of Turkey's political life on Turkish foreign policy and, most importantly, the perspective of Ahmet Kenan Evren, one of the sharper revisionists of his age, and to evaluate internal and external politics from his perspective, and to follow a scientific methodology, the studies in the literature were reviewed and written with the intention of reflecting the period from an objective point of view.