bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glueball–glueball scattering and the glueballonium
Authors: Giacosa Francesco , Pilloni Alessandro , Trotti Enrico 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe scalar glueball G is the lightest particle of the Yang–Mills sector of QCD, with a lattice predicted mass of about $$m_{G}\simeq 1.7\,{\mathrm{GeV}}$$

m
G

≃
1.7

GeV

. It is natural to investigate glueball-glueball scattering and the possible emergence of a bound state, that we call glueballonium. We perform this study in the context of a widely used dilaton potential, that depends on a single dimensionful parameter $$\Lambda _G$$

Λ
G

. We consider a unitarization prescription that allows us to predict the lowest partial waves in the elastic window. These quantities can be in principle calculated on the lattice, thus offering possibility for testing the validity of the dilaton potential and an independent determination of its parameter. Moreover, we also show that a stable glueballonium exists if $$\Lambda _{G}$$

Λ
G

is small enough. In particular, for $$\Lambda _{G}$$

Λ
G

compatible with the expectations from the gluon condensate, the glueballonium has a mass of about $$3.4\,{\mathrm{GeV}}$$

3.4

GeV

.
Deflection of light by magnetars in the generalized Born–Infeld electrodynamics
Authors: Kim Jin Young 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe study the deflection of light by a magnetic dipole field in the generalized Born–Infeld electrodynamics. Using the effective index of refraction and the trajectory equation based on geometric optics, we compute the weak bending angle of light passing on the equator of the magnetic dipole. In the limit where the classical Born–Infeld parameter is infinite, the bending angle agree with the one computed from the Euler–Heisenberg Lagrangian. We also compute the bending angle using the geodesic equation of the effective metric induced by a massive object with magnetic dipole. In the massless limit the bending angle agrees with the computation using the trajectory equation. We apply the result to magnetars to estimate the order of magnitude for the bending angle.
Time-frequency analysis of venous pulsatile flow and sigmoid sinus vascular wall displacement causing pulsatile tinnitus using time series and magnitude squared coherence methods
Authors: Hsieh Yue-Lin , Hsieh Yue-Da , Wang Wuqing 
Published: May 2022

Displacement of the sigmoid sinus vascular wall and intrasinus blood flow motion is known to cause pulsatile tinnitus (PT) in patients with sigmoid plate dehiscence. To investigate the source of sound that causes PT, this study sought to determine the correlation between in vivo displacement of the vascular wall and intrasinus flow hemodynamics. A confocal laser displacement sensor and color-coded Doppler ultrasound system were implemented on a participant diagnosed with venous PT. The displacement and Doppler velocity data were analyzed using time series and magnitude squared coherence methods. The median and peak displacement values of the vascular wall were 6.7 [Formula: see text]m and 11.7 [Formula: see text]m, respectively. The major frequency range of vascular displacement was below 4 Hz. The portmanteau test was rejected for different values of m. The cross-correlation of the two processes was not zero, indicating the existence of cross-correlation. The peak magnitude squared coherence of the two gauged signals was 0.3 at 7.143 Hz. The displacement of the sigmoid sinus vascular wall was temporally correlated with the intrasinus flow, although the major frequency range of the induced vascular displacement fell below the human hearing threshold. Therefore, the hydroacoustic and vibroacoustic sounds induced by the fluid–structure interaction between the vascular and osseous structures overweighed the displacement of the vascular wall at the focal dehiscence area in PT production.
Correlation Analysis of Blood Glucose Level with Inflammatory Response and Immune Indicators in Patients with Sepsis
Authors: Wei Qi , Zhao Jinglin , Wang Hao , Liu Cuicui , Hu Caihong , Zhao Chao , Dai Qingchun , Hui Zhi , Wang Rui 
Published: May 2022

Objective. To analyze the correlation of blood glucose level with inflammatory response and immune indicators in patients with sepsis. Methods. Between February 2019 and February 2021, 30 sepsis patients and 30 sepsis patients complicated with diabetes mellitus admitted to our hospital were recruited and assigned to either the experimental group (sepsis patients) or the observation group (sepsis patients with diabetes mellitus). Another 30 healthy subjects in the same period were included as the control group. The levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, CD4+, and CD8+ in the three groups of patients were compared to analyze the correlation of blood glucose levels with inflammatory response and immune indicators in patients with sepsis. The difference of counting data was analyzed using the chi-square test, and the difference of measurement data was analyzed using the

t

-test. Results. The control group showed the lowest levels of IL-6 at

14.32
±
4.98

pg
/
ml

, followed by

18.33
±
3.27

pg
/
ml

in the experimental group and then

22.64
±
5.16

pg
/
ml

in the observation group (

P
<
0.05

). The levels of other inflammatory factors including TNF-α and IL-1β were the lowest in the control group, followed by the experimental group, and then the observation group (

P
<
0.05

). The lowest immune function indicator CD4+ and CD8+ levels were found in the observation group, followed by the experimental group, and then the control group (

P
<
0.05

). The blood glucose level of patients with sepsis was positively correlated with the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β and was negatively correlated with the levels of CD4+/CD8+. The higher the blood glucose, the lower the number of immune cells. Conclusion. The blood glucose level of patients with sepsis is positively correlated with inflammatory response and negatively with immune indicators. An increased blood sugar level is associated with aggravated inflammatory responses and a decreased number of immune cells, which provides a reference for the disease severity assessment and treatment of patients with sepsis.
Spatial and Transcriptomic Analysis of Perineural Invasion in Oral Cancer
Authors: Schmitd Ligia B. , Perez-Pacheco Cindy , Bellile Emily L. , Wu Weisheng , Casper Keith , Mierzwa Michelle , Rozek Laura S. , Wolf Gregory T. , Taylor Jeremy M.G. , D'Silva Nisha J. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Purpose:
Perineural invasion (PNI), a common occurrence in oral squamous cell carcinomas, is associated with poor survival. Consequently, these tumors are treated aggressively. However, diagnostic criteria of PNI vary and its role as an independent predictor of prognosis has not been established. To address these knowledge gaps, we investigated spatial and transcriptomic profiles of PNI-positive and PNI-negative nerves.

Experimental Design:
Tissue sections from 142 patients were stained with S100 and cytokeratin antibodies. Nerves were identified in two distinct areas: tumor bulk and margin. Nerve diameter and nerve-to-tumor distance were assessed; survival analyses were performed. Spatial transcriptomic analysis of nerves at varying distances from tumor was performed with NanoString GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiler Transcriptomic Atlas.

Results:
PNI is an independent predictor of poor prognosis among patients with metastasis-free lymph nodes. Patients with close nerve-tumor distance have poor outcomes even if diagnosed as PNI negative using current criteria. Patients with large nerve(s) in the tumor bulk survive poorly, suggesting that even PNI-negative nerves facilitate tumor progression. Diagnostic criteria were supported by spatial transcriptomic analyses of &gt;18,000 genes; nerves in proximity to cancer exhibit stress and growth response changes that diminish with increasing nerve-tumor distance. These findings were validated in vitro and in human tissue.

Conclusions:
This is the first study in human cancer with high-throughput gene expression analysis in nerves with striking correlations between transcriptomic profile and clinical outcomes. Our work illuminates nerve-cancer interactions suggesting that cancer-induced injury modulates neuritogenesis, and supports reclassification of PNI based on nerve-tumor distance rather than current subjective criteria.
Patient-Derived Organoid Pharmacotyping Guides Precision Medicine for Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Zhang Yuqing , Houchen Courtney W. , Li Min 
Published: May 2022

Summary
The patient-derived organoids (PDO) platform recapitulates the phenotype, genotype, and molecular characteristics of primary tumors. High-throughput drug screening in terms of pharmacotyping using standard-of-care chemotherapy agents in the PDO platform has shown promising sensitivities to guide precision medicine for individual patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) within a clinically relevant time frame.
See related article by Seppälä et al., p. 3296
O Norte, o Sul e suas clivagens: Produção de conhecimento e equidade de gênero Entrevista com Raewyn Connell
Authors: Almeida Heloisa Buarque de , Maia João Marcelo E. , Martín Eloísa , Pinheiro Cláudio Costa 
Published: May 2022

Raewyn Connell – professora catedrática da Universidade de Sidney – éum dos nomes mais relevantes do quadro contemporâneo das ciênciassociais.Embora tenha realizado sua formação intelectual inteiramente naAustrália – BA em História e Psicologia pela Universidade de Melbourne(1966) e PhD em Ciência Política pela Universidade de Sidney(1970) – construiu uma carreira internacional bastante dinâmica. Possuipós-doutorado em sociologia pela Universidade de Chicago (1970)e foi professora visitante na Inglaterra, Canadá, Estados Unidos, Alemanhae África do Sul. Iniciou suas atividades docentes em 1967, tendoocupado posições de lecturer e professor de algumas das principaisuniversidades australianas. Desde 2004 é catedrática da Universidadede Sidney, baseada no Instituto de Educação e Serviço Social.Seus trabalhos ganharam notoriedade ao longo dos anos, o que fezcom que alguns se tornassem referências clássicas e inescapáveis, alémde figurarem entre os mais citados do mundo. Mas isso não fez deRaewyn um daqueles intelectuais que, vindos da periferia, sucumbem às luzes da rue d’Ulm, no Cinquième, ou da East 16th Street, emManhattan. Ao contrário, seu papel no contexto australiano é bastanteimportante. Orientou mais de 75 trabalhos (entre bacharelado, mestradoe doutorado),2 possui quatro de seus livros na lista dos dez mais influentesdas ciências sociais da Austrália e, em 2010, emprestou seu nome aum prêmio – Raewyn Connell Prize – oferecido a cada dois anos pelaAssociação Australiana de Sociologia para laurear o melhor livro de sociologiano país.
Transesophageal Echocardiography Following Left Atrial Appendage Electrical Isolation: Diagnostic Pitfalls and Clinical Implications
Authors: Gianni Carola , Sanchez Javier E. , Chen Qiong , Della Rocca Domenico G. , Mohanty Sanghamitra , Trivedi Chintan , Al-Ahmad Amin , Bassiouny Mohamed A. , Burkhardt J. David , Gallinghouse G. Joseph , Horton Rodney P. , Hranitzky Patrick M. , Romero Jorge E. , Di Biase Luigi , Garcia Mario J. , Natale Andrea 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Following left atrial appendage (LAA) electrical isolation, the decision on whether to continue oral anticoagulation after successful atrial fibrillation ablation is based on the study of its mechanical function on transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). In this cohort, LAA contraction is absent and the incorrect interpretation of emptying flow velocities can lead to unwanted clinical sequelae.

Methods:
One hundred and sixty consecutive TEE exams performed to evaluate the LAA mechanical function following its electrical isolation were reviewed by an experienced operator blinded to the original diagnosis of LAA dysfunction. The rate of diagnostic discrepancy in the assessment LAA dysfunction and its clinical implications were evaluated.

Results:
Diagnostic discrepancy with misclassification of the LAA mechanical function occurred 36% (58/160) of TEE exams. In most cases (57/58), such discrepancy was observed in the setting of an incorrect original diagnosis of a normal LAA mechanical function despite absent/reduced or inconsistent LAA contraction. This main source of this wrong diagnosis was the wrong interpretation of passive LAA flows (34/57; 60%), followed by failure to identify dissociated firing (15/57; 26%). In rare cases (8/57; 14%), velocities of surrounding structures were interpreted as LAA flow due to misplacement of the pulsed-wave Doppler sample volume. Following LAA isolation, the proportion of patients who experienced a cerebrovascular event while off oral anticoagulation due to the misclassification of their LAA mechanical function was 70% (7/10 [95% CI, 40%–89%]).

Conclusions:
Underdiagnosis of LAA mechanical dysfunction is common in TEEs performed following LAA electrical isolation, and it is associated with an increased risk of cerebrovascular events owing to oral anticoagulation discontinuation despite absent/reduced LAA contraction. Careful review of the TEE exam by an operator with specific expertise in LAA imaging and familiar with the functional implications of LAA isolation is necessary before interrupting oral anticoagulation in this cohort.
Retributive or reparative justice? Explaining post-conflict preferences in Kenya
Authors: Aloyo Eamon , Dancy Geoff , Dutton Yvonne 
Published: May 2022

In states emerging from mass violence and human rights abuses, do individuals prefer retributive punishment of perpetrators through trials, or do they wish to be compensated with land or monetary reparations for their injuries? How does the concrete option of prosecutions by the International Criminal Court (ICC) moderate these preferences? Using unique survey data from 507 Kenyans collected in 2015, we build on and add nuance to the empirical literature that interrogates the link between exposure to mass violence and post-conflict justice preferences. We find that while some individuals prefer reparative justice, victims and witnesses generally want perpetrators to be prosecuted. Even for those who are co-ethnics of government leaders – who allegedly instigated widespread killing, sexual assaults and displacements – direct exposure to those acts leads to greater desire for prosecutions. We further find that one’s personal experience with violence also leads one to reject domestic justice in favor of international justice: victims and witnesses who favored retributive justice are highly likely to believe that the ICC is the best option for prosecuting perpetrators.
Subxiphoid single-port thymectomy without CO2 insufflation: Experience of a single center
Authors: Kang Do Kyun , Kang Min Kyun 
Published: May 2022

Background The subxiphoid single-port approach for thymectomy has advantages compared with conventional lateral transthoracic approaches. Most of centers use CO2 insufflation to secure an appropriate surgical field during subxiphoid thymectomy, which causes fighting between surgical instruments and restrictions on the types of surgical instruments. The objective of this study is to introduce an effective method to establish the subxiphoid approach without CO2 insufflation using a retractor and steel wire. Methods All consecutive 59 patients undergoing subxiphoid single-port thymectomy between August 2014 and August 2021 were reviewed retrospectively. Results We analyzed data of 59 patients (31 male and 28 female) with a median age of 59 years (range 50–68). Two (3.4%) patients presented postoperative complications. The conversion to a different approach was required in 4 (6.8%) cases. The median follow-up time was 23 months (range 10–41) and loco-regional recurrence was observed in one patient (1.7%). There were no intraoperative deaths and the postoperative mortality. No complications related to sternal wiring occurred. Conclusions Subxiphoid single-port thymectomy without CO2 using a retractor and steel wire insufflation is a technically feasible method.
Visual snow syndrome is probably not mediated by CGRP: A case series
Authors: Evers Stefan , Holle-Lee Dagny , Schankin Christoph J , Kull Pia , Raffaelli Bianca 
Published: May 2022

Background Visual snow syndrome is a phenomenon for which no effective treatment is known. It is highly comorbid with migraine, therefore we performed a retrospective chart review of patients with visual snow syndrome treated with a monoclonal antibody against calcitonin gene related peptide or its receptor. Findings We enrolled 15 patients with visual snow syndrome who received at least once a monoclonal antibody against calcitonin gene related peptide or its receptor. None of the patients reported relief of visual snow syndrome whereas those patients with comorbid migraine reported a very good efficacy of the antibody against the migraine headache but not against the migraine aura. Conclusion The data suggest that visual snow syndrome is not mediated by calcitonin gene related peptide in a relevant way and that the calcitonin gene related peptide receptor is not involved in the network underlying the visual snow syndrome.
Erector Spinae Plane Catheter Analgesia in Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Surgery: A Retrospective Case–Control Study for Inclusion in an Enhanced Recovery Program
Authors: Statzer Nicholas J. , Plackis Andreas C. , Woolard Austin A. , Allen Brian F. S. , Siegrist Kara K. , Shi Yaping , Shotwell Matthew 
Published: May 2022

Background. A retrospective case-control study was conducted to assess the feasibility of erector spinae plane (ESP) block as part of a multimodal enhanced recovery program for patients undergoing minimally invasive mitral valve replacement surgery. Methods. This retrospective analysis was conducted at a single center between January and August 2019. 61 patients were included; 23 received ESP and 38 did not. Erector spinae catheters (ESCs) were placed preoperatively, using a loading dose of 30 mL .5% ropivacaine, followed by an infusion of .2% ropivacaine at 10 mL/h throughout the study period. Primary outcome was 48-hour opioid consumption. Secondary outcomes included intraoperative morphine equivalents, extubation within 24 hours, reintubation, ICU length of stay and hospital length of stay and 30-day mortality. Results. Median [inter-quartile range] of the postoperative morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs) in the first 48 hours was 70[45-121] MMEs in the ESC) group, and 109[70–148] MMEs in the no ESC group ( P-value = .16). No significant difference was observed in intraoperative morphine equivalents, extubation within 24 hours or ICU length of stay. The ESC group had shorter hospital length of stay (6.0 vs 7.0 days, P-value = .043). Conclusion. This study found a statistically insignificant, though potentially clinically significant reduction in postoperative opioid consumption. A reduced hospital length of stay as well as an acceptable safety profile was also observed in the ESC group. An adequately powered, prospective trial is warranted to accurately assess the potential role for ESP catheters for patients undergoing minimally invasive mitral valve surgery.
Psychological profiles, quality of life, and parental attitudes in children with Sighing dyspnea
Authors: Kara Mahmut Zabit , Başaran Abdurrahman Erdem 
Published: May 2022

Background: There are a limited number of studies investigating the relationship of sighing dyspnea (SD) with psychiatric disorders and various mental states. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 39 pediatric patients with SD, but free from apparent cardiopulmonary diseases, who presented to a pediatric pulmonology policlinic between June and December 2019 and age-gender matched 34 healthy children were recruited for comparison. Patient characteristics, psychological or physical trauma history, and cigarette smoke exposure were recorded. All the participants completed the “NOSE scale,” “Modified Borg Scale,” “Children Depression Inventory,” “Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders,” “Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory,” “Stress Coping Style Scale,” “Family Assessment Device,” and “Parents Attitude Scale.” Results: Compared to the control group, there was a statistically significantly higher rate in the SD group of physical or psychological trauma history (35.9% vs. 14.7%, p = .04) and passive cigarette smoking (60.5% vs.27.3%, p = .005). When the groups were compared in respect of depression and anxiety levels, the depression score, total anxiety level, somatic/panic, generalized anxiety and fear of school points were determined to be statistically significantly higher in the SD group. The QoL scores (total, physical, and psychosocial) in the SD group were found to be statistically significantly lower than those of the control group. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to have examined the psychological profiles of SD patients and their families in detail, and to have evaluated the effect of SD on quality of life.
Role of low- versus high-power laser in the treatment of lower pole stones: prospective non-randomized outcomes from a university teaching hospital
Authors: Pietropaolo Amelia , Mani Mriganka , Hughes Thomas , Somani Bhaskar K. 
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Ureteroscopy and laser stone fragmentation [flexible ureteroscopy and laser lithotripsy (FURSL)] has risen over the last two decades. Laser technology has also evolved over the time, shifting from low- to high-power lasers with the addition of MOSES technology that allows for ‘dusting and pop-dusting’ of stones. The aim of the study was to look at the outcomes of FURSL in lower pole stones (LPS) using low- and high-power lasers. Patient and Methods: In this study, we compared the outcomes of low-power holmium laser (group A, 20 W) and high-power holmium laser (group B, including both 60 W MOSES integrated system and 100 W lasers) for all patients with LPS treated with laser lithotripsy. Data were collected for patient demographics, stone location, size, pre- and postoperative stent, length of stay, complications and stone free rate (SFR). Results: A total of 284 patients who underwent FURSL procedure for LPS were analysed (168 group A, 116 group B). Outcomes showed that compared with group A, group B had a higher SFR (91.6% versus 96.5%, p = 0.13) and shorter operative time (52 versus 38 min, p < 0.001). The median length of stay was <24 h in all groups (day-case procedures). The complication rate was comparable between the two groups but with more infectious complications ( n = 7) noted in group A compared with group B ( n = 3) ( p = 0.53). Conclusion: Compared with low-power laser, the use of high-power laser for LPS significantly reduced the use of ureteral access sheath (UAS), postoperative stent and procedural time. Although non-statistically significant, the SFR was higher in the high-power group even for relatively larger stone sizes, which was also reflected in a reduction of sepsis-related complication rates with these lasers.