bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ligand Modulation of Active Sites to Promote Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Huang Wenzhong , Li Jiantao , Liao Xiaobin , Lu Ruihu , Ling Chaohong , Liu Xiong , Meng Jiashen , Qu Longbing , Lin Mengting , Hong Xufeng , Zhou Xunbiao , Liu Shanlin , Zhao Yan , Zhou Liang , Mai Liqiang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRationally designed catalysts hold the key to address the sluggish kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, engineering the active sites of such catalysts still faces grand challenges. This study proposes a feasible ligand modulation strategy to boost the OER catalytic activity of cobalt‐iron oxyhydroxide ((Fe,Co)OOH). The 2‐methylimidazole (MI) ligand coordination on (Fe,Co)OOH reduces the orbital overlap between the Fe/Co 3d and O 2p, which weakens the adsorption to oxygen‐containing intermediates and thus facilitates the unfavorable O2 desorption. As a result, the MI ligand modulated (Fe,Co)OOH achieves an excellent OER performance with low overpotentials (230/290 mV at 10/100 mA cm‐2) and excellent durability (>155 h). This study provides a novel ligand modulation strategy for the design of OER catalysts.
A Hierarchically Encoded Data Storage Device with Controlled Transiency
Authors: Wei Shuai , Jiang Jianjuan , Sun Long , Li Jianxing , Tao Tiger H. , Zhou Zhitao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn the era of information explosion, high‐security and high‐capacity data storage technology attracts more and more attention. Physically transient electronics, a form of electronics that can physically disappear with precisely controlled degradation behaviors, paves the way for secure data storage. Herein, the authors report a silk‐based hierarchically encoded data storage device (HEDSD) with controlled transiency. The HEDSD can store electronic, photonic, and optical information simultaneously by synergistically integrating a resistive switching memory (ReRAM), a terahertz metamaterial device, and a diffractive optical element, respectively. These three data storage units have shared materials and structures but diverse encoding mechanisms, which increases the degree of complexity and capacity of stored information. Silk plays an important role as a building material in the HEDSD thanks to its excellent mechanical, optical, and electrical properties and controlled transiency as a naturally extracted protein. By controlling the degradation rate of storage units of the silk‐based HEDSD, different degradation modes of the HEDSD, and multilevel information encryption/decryption have been realized. Compared with the conventional memory devices, as‐reported silk‐based HEDSD can store multilevel complex information and realize multilevel information encryption and decryption, which is highly desirable to fulfill the future demands of secure memory systems and implantable storage devices.
Thermally Drawn Highly Conductive Fibers with Controlled Elasticity
Authors: Marion Juliette S. , Gupta Nikhil , Cheung Henry , Monir Kirmina , Anikeeva Polina , Fink Yoel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractElectronic fabrics necessitate both electrical conductivity and, like any textile, elastic recovery. Achieving both requirements on the scale of a single fiber remains an unmet need. Here, two approaches for achieving conductive fibers (107 S m−1) reaching 50% elongation while maintaining minimal change in resistance (<0.5%) in embedded metallic electrodes are introduced. The first approach involves inducing a buckling instability in a metal microwire within a cavity of a thermally drawn elastomer fiber. The second approach relies on twisting an elastomer fiber to yield helical metal electrodes embedded in a stretchable yarn. The scalability of both approaches is illustrated in apparatuses for continuous buckling and twisting that yield tens of meters of elastic conducting fibers. Through experimental and analytical methods, it is elucidated how geometric parameters, such as buckling pre‐strain and helical angle, as well as materials choice, control not only the fiber's elasticity but also its Young's modulus. Links between mechanical and electrical properties are exposed. The resulting fibers are used to construct elastic fabrics that contain diodes, by weaving and knitting, thus demonstrating the scalable fabrication of conformable and stretchable antennas that support optical data transmission.
Cell/Tissue Adhesive, Self‐Healable, Biocompatible, Hemostasis, and Antibacterial Hydrogel Dressings for Wound Healing Applications
Authors: Suneetha Maduru , Rao Kummara Madhusudana , Han Sung Soo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntegrating multifunctional properties (physiological and biological) within a hydrogel poses a great challenge in wound dressing applications. The present study develops cell/tissue adhesive, hemostasis, self‐healing, and antibacterial properties of hydrogel wound dressings composed of polydopamine‐quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose‐polyacrylamide (PDA‐QHEC‐PAM) using mussel‐inspired chemistry. The hydrogel is obtained by the prepolymerization of dopamine (DA) in a QHEC solution subsequently radical polymerization during the formation of covalently cross‐linked PAM chains. The QHEC‐PDA‐PAM hydrogels have a good swelling ratio, and biodegradable properties. The hydrogel exhibits tissue‐adhesive behavior, e.g., the strength of hydrogel adhesion to porcine skin is 29.3 ± 1.2 kPa. The incorporation of PDA‐QHEC in a covalent cross‐linked PAM network exhibits good mechanical properties. For example, the QHEC‐0.4PDA‐PAM hydrogel exhibits a tensile strength of 55.7 kPa with high stretchability (1828%) and a compressive strength of 36.3 kPa at 80% strain. The hydrogel also shows good self‐recovery and self‐healing properties. The hydrogels also maintain highly interconnected porous structures and PDA microfibrils, significantly enhancing the cell proliferation, attachment, and spreading of keratinocyte and skin fibroblasts cells. Moreover, both QHEC and PDA chains exhibit rapid blood coagulation and antibacterial property toward Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Hence, the synthesized hydrogel with multiple properties has great potential for wound dressing applications.
Living Bacteria‐Based Immuno‐Photodynamic Therapy: Metabolic Labeling of Clostridium butyricum for Eradicating Malignant Melanoma
Authors: Shi Leilei , Liu Xiaoxiao , Li Yuzhen , Li Sha , Wu Wenbo , Gao Xihui , Liu Bin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDue to the complexity, aggressiveness, and heterogeneity of malignant melanoma, it is difficult to eradicate the whole tumor through conventional treatment. Herein, a strategy of metabolic engineering labeled anaerobic oncolytic bacteria (Clostridium butyricum) is demonstrated to achieve the ablation of melanoma. In this system, the metabolic substrate of C. butyricum d‐alanine (d‐Ala) is first conjugated with a photosensitizer (TPApy) showing aggregation‐induced emission (AIE). The yielded metabolic substrate of d‐Ala‐TPAPy can be metabolically incorporated into bacterial peptidoglycan to form engineered C. Butyricum. Once the engineered C. butyricum is injected into melanoma, the bacteria can only proliferate in an anaerobic zone, stimulate the tumor immune microenvironment, and ablate the tumor hypoxia region. Following that, the relatively rich oxygen content in the peripheral area can induce the death of C. butyricum. The photosensitizer (PS) on the bacteria can subsequently exert a photodynamic effect in the oxygen‐rich region and further remove the melanoma residue under light irradiation. Prominent in vivo melanoma ablation results revealed that the engineering oncolytic bacteria can provide a promising regime for solid tumor eradication.
Optical Indicators based on Structural Colored Polymers
Authors: Foelen Yari , Schenning Albert P. H. J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPolymer indicators are autonomous responsive materials that provide an optical signal of a specific exposure in time. This review describes the different polymer systems utilized to obtain indicators based on structural color. Structural color originates from the interaction of light with a periodic nanostructured polymer which causes a specific wavelength to be reflected. This reflected light can be used for fabricating battery‐free indicators that show visible structural color changes upon exposure to a stimulus or analyte. In this review, the typical structural color response types categorized by stimulus are discussed and compared. Furthermore, the steps toward possible applications of optical indicators based on structural colored polymers are outlined.
Advanced Oxygen‐Vacancy Ce‐Doped MoO3 Ultrathin Nanoflakes Anode Materials Used as Asymmetric Supercapacitors with Ultrahigh Energy Density
Authors: Xu Liming , Zhou Weiqiang , Chao Shixing , Liang Yanmei , Zhao Xueqian , Liu Congcong , Xu Jingkun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAsymmetric supercapacitors (ASC) meet the high power and energy demand in energy storage devices; however, the low capacitance of the anode materials severely hinders the development of ASCs. MoO3 with its high theoretical capacity is an ideal anode material, but its low electrical conductivity limits the application of capacitive energy storage. Herein, abundant oxygen vacancies Ce‐doped MoO3 (OV‐MoO3/Ce) ultrathin nanoflakes anode materials with a thickness of 1.51‐2.01 nm are constructed by a simple hydrothermal method. It is found that the nanostructure of MoO3 can be controllably changed from thick nanobelts into ultrathin nanoflakes by adjusting the Ce doping concentration. And Ce doping in the OV‐MoO3 lattice can additionally introduce abundant oxygen vacancies without introducing Ce oxide and other impurities. Benefiting from the synergy of ample oxygen vacancies, high specific surface area, and accelerated ion diffusion and charge mobility, the optimized OV‐MoO3/Ce electrode achieves a high specific capacitance (1439.0 F g‐1 at 2 mV s‐1 and 1446.3 F g‐1 at 5 A g‐1) and good cycle stability. More impressively, the ASC assembled using optimized OV‐MoO3/Ce as anode materials can provide an ultrahigh energy density of 150.0 Wh kg‐1 at a power density of 800 W kg‐1, and the practical demonstration of the assembled ASC device highlights its great potential for high energy storage.
Organic Branched Heterostructures with Optical Interconnects for Photonic Barcodes
Authors: Su Yang , Wu Bin , Chen Song , Sun Ji‐Hao , Yu You‐Jun , Zhuo Ming‐Peng , Wang Zuo‐Shan , Wang Xue‐Dong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOptical interconnects exhibit superior potential in the precise regulation of photon transmission for organic photonic circuits. However, the rational design of well‐defined organic heterostructures toward active optoelectronics remains challenging. Herein, we designed organic branched heterostructures (OBHs) with accurate spatial organization for optical interconnection. Notably, the precise regulation of OBHs has been controllably achieved including the trunk morphologies and the branched microwire number. Significantly, these as‐prepared OBHs inherently exhibit the multichannel coupling outputs and the excitation position‐dependent waveguide characteristics, leading to various outcoupling signals with tunable intensity and emission colors. The optical interconnects are realized due to the occurrence of exciton conversion and photon propagation between branch and trunk at the heterojunction, benefiting the application possibilities of two‐dimensional (2D) optical barcodes.
Concise Synthesis of (±)‐Myrioneurinol Enabled by Sequential [2+2] Cycloaddition/Retro‐Mannich Fragmentation/Mannich Reaction
Authors: Zhang Nanping , Jiang Huanfeng , Ma Zhiqiang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA concise total synthesis of (±)‐myrioneurinol has been achieved in 14 steps. An efficient AgSbF6/t‐BuCl‐catalyzed intramolecular [2+2] cycloaddition reaction of the alkynone‐tethered enamine was developed to prepare the highly strained cyclobutene. It was used in combination with a subsequent retro‐Mannich fragmentation/Mannich reaction to efficiently construct the tricyclic core of myrioneurinol.
Nature of the Active Sites of Copper Zinc Catalysts for Carbon Dioxide Electroreduction
Authors: Zhen Shiyu , Zhang Gong , Cheng Dongfang , Gao Hui , Li Lulu , Lin Xiaoyun , Ding Zheyuan , Zhao Zhi‐Jian , Gong Jinlong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe electrochemical CO2 reduction (CO2ER) to multi‐carbon chemical feedstocks over Cu‐based catalysts is of considerable attraction but suffers with the ambiguous nature of active sites, which hinder the rational design of catalysts and large‐scale industrialization. This paper describes a large‐scale simulation to obtain realistic CuZn nanoparticle models and the atom‐level structure of active sites for C2+ products on CuZn catalysts in CO2ER, combining neural network based global optimization and density functional theory calculations. Upon analyzing over 2000 surface sites through high throughput tests based on NN potential, two kinds of active sites are identified, balanced Cu−Zn sites and Zn‐heavy Cu−Zn sites, both facilitating C−C coupling, which are verified by subsequent calculational and experimental investigations. This work provides a paradigm for the design of high‐performance Cu‐based catalysts and may offer a general strategy to identify accurately the atomic structures of active sites in complex catalytic systems.
Isolation of Stable Borepin Radicals and Anions
Authors: Hollister Kimberly K. , Yang Wenlong , Mondol Ranajit , Wentz Kelsie E. , Molino Andrew , Kaur Aishvaryadeep , Dickie Diane A. , Frenking Gernot , Pan Sudip , Wilson David J. D. , Gilliard Robert J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBorepin, a 7‐membered boron‐containing heterocycle, has become an emerging molecular platform for the development of new materials and optoelectronics. While electron‐deficient borepins are well‐established, reduced electron‐rich species have remained elusive. Herein we report the first isolable, crystalline borepin radical (2 a, 2 b) and anion (3 a, 3 b) complexes, which have been synthesized by potassium graphite (KC8) reduction of cyclic(alkyl)(amino) carbene‐dibenzo[b,d]borepin precursors. Borepin radicals and anions have been characterized by EPR or NMR, elemental analysis, X‐ray crystallography, and cyclic voltammetry. In addition, the bonding features have been investigated computationally using density functional theory.
Light‐Induced Redox Looping of a Rhodium/CexWO3 Photocatalyst for Highly Active and Robust Dry Reforming of Methane
Authors: Yang Yuying , Chai Zhigang , Qin Xuetao , Zhang Zhenzhen , Muhetaer Aidaer , Wang Cong , Huang Hanlin , Yang Chaoran , Ma Ding , Li Qi , Xu Dongsheng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDry reforming of methane (DRM) has provided an effective avenue to convert two greenhouse gases, CH4 and CO2, into syngas. Here, we design a DRM photocatalyst Rh/CexWO3 that invokes both photothermal and photoelectric processes, which overcomes the thermodynamic limitation of DRM under conventional conditions. In contrast to plasmonic or UV‐response photocatalysts, our photocatalyst produces a superior light‐to‐chemical energy efficiency (LTCEE) of 4.65 % with a moderate light intensity. We propose that a light‐induced metal‐to‐metal charge transfer plays a crucial role in the DRM reaction, which induces a redox looping between Ce to W species to lower the activation energy. Quantum mechanical studies reveal that a high oxygen mobility of CexWO3, accompanied with the formation of oxo‐bridge species, results in a substantial elimination of deposited C species during the reaction. Our catalyst design strategy could offer a promising energy‐efficient industrial process for DRM.
Non‐Immunosuppressive Cyclophilin Inhibitors
Authors: Schiene‐Fischer Cordelia , Fischer Gunter , Braun Manfred 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCyclophilins, enzymes with peptidyl‐prolyl cis/trans isomerase activity, are relevant to a large variety of biological processes. The most abundant member of this enzyme family, cyclophilin A, is the cellular receptor of the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporine A (CsA). As a consequence of the pathophysiological role of cyclophilins, particularly in viral infections, there is a broad interest in cyclophilin inhibition devoid of immunosuppressive activity. This Review first gives an introduction into the physiological and pathophysiological roles of cyclophilins. The presentation of non‐immunosuppressive cyclophilin inhibitors will commence with drugs based on chemical modifications of CsA. The naturally occurring macrocyclic sanglifehrins have become other lead structures for cyclophilin‐inhibiting drugs. Finally, de novo designed compounds, whose structures are not derived from or inspired by natural products, will be presented. Relevant synthetic concepts will be discussed, but the focus will also be on biochemical studies, structure–activity relationships, and clinical studies.
Diet plasticity and links to changing foraging behaviour in the conservation of subantarctic yellow‐eyed penguins (Megadyptes antipodes)
Authors: Muller Chris G. , Chilvers B. Louise , French Rebecca K. , Battley Phil F. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Diet is a key factor affecting seabird foraging behaviour, ultimately influencing survival, breeding success and long‐term population viability. The density and distribution of prey species in the marine environment are influenced by many factors including climate effects such as El Niño southern oscillation and climate change that alter water temperature.
While poor quality diet has been implicated as a contributing factor in the decline of some mainland New Zealand yellow‐eyed penguin (Megadyptes antipodes) populations, little is known about their diet in the subantarctic where the majority of the species breeds.
Blood and feather samples (n = 63) were collected for stable isotope analysis of diet from 25 individual birds breeding on subantarctic Enderby Island, Auckland Islands, New Zealand, from 2015 to 2018.
Diet data were analysed by factors such as breeding year, sex and foraging behaviour. Stable isotope analysis demonstrated significant changes in diet during each year of the study, which included both El Niño and La Niña conditions.
Diet during El Niño conditions comprised lower trophic level prey, which were more benthic, and found closer to shore than diet during La Niña.
Coupled with the reported variable breeding success of yellow‐eyed penguins in the subantarctic, variable diet suggests prey availability is likely to be a limiting factor in some years. Prey availability is therefore expected to be a major influence on survival and breeding success of this endangered species in the future, particularly if the effects of climate change become more pronounced.
This research highlights an urgent conservation need to identify prey species utilized by the southern population, along with their distribution in time and space, and therefore also the effect of diet on long‐term population stability.
Do Glucocorticoid Injections Increase the Risk of Knee Osteoarthritis Progression Over 5 Years?
Authors: Latourte Augustin , Rat Anne‐Christine , Omorou Abdou , Ngueyon‐Sime Willy , Eymard Florent , Sellam Jérémie , Roux Christian , Ea Hang‐Korng , Cohen‐Solal Martine , Bardin Thomas , Beaudreuil Johann , Guillemin Francis , Richette Pascal 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveRecent findings have demonstrated that intraarticular (IA) glucocorticoid injections can be deleterious for knees with osteoarthritis (OA). This study was undertaken to assess, in a real‐life setting, the risk of knee OA progression in patients who received IA glucocorticoid injections over a 5‐year follow‐up period.MethodsWe used marginal structural modeling with inverse probability of treatment weighting to determine the causal association between IA glucocorticoid injections and the 5‐year risk of disease progression in patients with symptomatic knee OA from the Knee and Hip Osteoarthritis Long‐term Assessment cohort. OA progression was defined as an incident total knee replacement (TKR) and/or radiographic worsening (Kellgren/Lawrence [K/L] grade or joint space narrowing [JSN]). We also examined these outcomes in knees that received IA hyaluronan (IAHA) injections.ResultsAmong the 564 patients with knee OA included in the study sample, 51 (9.0%) and 99 (17.5%) received IA glucocorticoid or IAHA injections, respectively, and 414 (63.1%) did not receive any injection during follow‐up. Compared to untreated knees, those treated with IA glucocorticoid injections had a similar risk of incident TKR (hazard ratio [HR] 0.92 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.20, 4.14]; P = 0.91) or K/L grade worsening (HR 1.33 [95% CI 0.64, 2.79]; P = 0.44). IAHA injections had no effect on the risk of TKR (HR 0.81 [95% CI 0.14, 4.63]; P = 0.81) or K/L grade worsening (HR 1.36 [95% CI 0.85, 2.17]; P = 0.20). Similar results were obtained for JSN, and when TKR and radiographic outcomes were combined.ConclusionIn this study, IA glucocorticoid injections for symptomatic knee OA did not significantly increase the 5‐year risk of incident TKR or radiographic worsening. These findings should be interpreted cautiously and replicated in other cohorts.
Synthesis of Highly Substituted 2‐Aminopyridines with Vinyl Azides, Isonitriles, and Ketones
Authors: Chang Wenxu , Li Zongyang , Yuan Chenhui , Liu Xinying , Feng Jiyao , Pang Sen , Duan Liusheng , Zhang Zhenhua 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe developed a facile, efficient method for synthesizing highly substituted 2‐aminopyridines from unstable vinyl carbodiimides generated in situ in a one‐pot transformation. A series of novel highly substituted 3‐functionalized 2‐aminopyridines were produced in good yields. Reaction mechanism studies, which included control experiments and density‐functional theory (DFT) calculations, demonstrated that Rh and potassium carbonate played key roles in the cyclization step.
The challenges in diagnosis and management of osteitis pubis: An algorithm based on current evidence
Authors: Amer Mohammed Lotfi , Omar Kawa , Malde Sachin , Nair Rajesh , Thurairaja Ramesh , Khan Muhammad Shamim 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study is to summarise the contemporary evidence regarding the prevalence, diagnosis, and management of osteitis pubis (OP) specially from urological point of view, while proposing an algorithm for the best management based on the current evidence.MethodsWe performed a literature search using the PubMed database for the term ‘osteitis pubis’ until December 2020. We assessed pre‐clinical and clinical studies regarding the aetiology, pathophysiology, and management of OP. Case reports and case series were evaluated by study quality and patient outcomes to determine a potential clinical management algorithm.ResultsOsteitis pubis is a chronic painful condition of the symphysis pubis joint and its surrounding structures. Still, there is a paucity of data outlining the management plan and the possible triggers. The aetiology seems to be multifactorial with different proposals trying to explain the pathophysiology and correlate the findings to the outcome. The diagnosis is usually based on high suspicion index and clinical experience. The infective variant of the disease is aggressive and requires strict and active management. Universal consensus is still lacking regarding a formal algorithm of management of the condition, especially due to multiple specialities involved in the decision‐making process. Conservative management remains the cornerstone; nevertheless, surgical interventions may be needed in special settings. Hence, a multi‐disciplinary approach is of pivotal value in fashioning the plan for each case. The prognosis is usually satisfactory; however, a longstanding debilitating disease form is not uncommon.ConclusionOP remains a rare condition with real challenges in its diagnosis. The current management is focused on conservative management; however, surgical intervention is still needed in some difficult scenarios. Continued research into the triggers of OP, multidisciplinary approach, and standardised clinical pathways can improve the quality of care for patients suffering from this condition.