bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Content Analysis and Dermatologic Gaps in Online Patient Education Materials for Graft-Versus-Host-Disease
Authors: Kaundinya Trisha , El-Behaedi Salma , Choi Jennifer N 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Graft versus host disease (GVHD) is a complex systemic disease which is associated with significant physical and psychological distress in patients. Given the complexity of this disorder, navigation of educational information available to patients can be quite daunting. However, the availability of patient materials plays a vital role in a patient’s ability to navigate and manage such a difficult diagnosis. Specifically, patient education has been shown to reduce the uncertainty and stress that follows such a complex diagnosis, but to our knowledge no studies have evaluated the content of patient education materials on GVHD, especially from a dermatologic perspective. Despite the complexity of GVHD, cutaneous manifestations are common and often require management by dermatology. In this cross-sectional study, a Google search engine was utilized to assess websites for information on GVHD etiology, pathophysiology, symptoms, treatment, coverage of Acute GVHD, Chronic GVHD, cutaneous presentations, dermatologic management, and quality of life implications. It was evident that there was a paucity of information specific to the cutaneous manifestations and dermatologic management of GVHD. Results of this study emphasize the need for more robust integration of skin-specific information guided by expert dermatologist opinion in publicly available patient information materials online.
Effect of frailty status on mortality risk among Chinese community-dwelling older adults: a prospective cohort study
Authors: ZHAO Xinxin , ZHU Rui , CHEN Qi , HE Jia 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Frailty is associated with mortality in the elderly. We aimed to determine the appropriate time and frailty index (FI) threshold for frailty intervention in Chinese community-dwelling older adults.Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we used data from the 2011 wave of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Study. Follow-up was performed for 7 years from baseline. Using the FI to evaluate frailty and define frailty status, we explored the best time point and FI score for frailty intervention, by comparing the relationships of FI and frailty status with mortality.Results: From 2011 to 2018, 8642 participants were included and followed up. A total of 4458 participants died during the study period. After adjusting for variables such as age, sex, marital status, education level, and living conditions, the hazard ratio (HR) of mortality risk based on the FI at baseline was 37.484 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 30.217-46.498; P<0.001); female sex, living in the city, being married, and living with spouse were found to be protective factors, whereas ageing was a risk factor of frailty. The mortality risk was higher in pre-frail than in frail participants (HR: 3.588, 95% CI: 3.212-4.009, P<0.001). Piecewise linear regression analysis revealed an FI score threshold of 0.5. When the FI score was >0.5, the HR of mortality based on the FI was 15.758 (95% CI: 3.656-67.924; P<0.001); when the FI score was ≤0.5, the HR of mortality based on the FI was 48.944 (95% CI: 36.162-66.244; P<0.001). Conclusion: The FI is a stronger predictor for mortality than the frailty status. The advancement of early interventions for mortality risk reduction is more beneficial in pre-frail than in frail patients, and an FI score of 0.5 was found to be the threshold for mortality prediction using the FI.
Prevalence of allergen sensitization among 1248 children with allergic rhinitis in Changzhou, China
Authors: Hu Zhibang , Xue Jianrong , Pan Min , Bao Yongzheng , Zou Wenlan , Wang Chunhui , Ma Jing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective: To determine the prevalence of sensitivity to common inhaled and food allergens among children with allergic rhinitis (AR) in Changzhou in eastern China and provide a basis for clinical evaluation of pediatric allergic status and prevention strategies for allergen avoidance.Methods: A total of 1248 children with AR were enrolled at the Third People's Hospital of Changzhou between January 2018 and December 2019. The serum-specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) to 19 kinds of inhaled and food allergens and serum total IgE were detected with the AllergyScreen test (Mediwiss Analytic GmbH, Moers, Germany). All participants had a positive reaction to at least one allergen in the test.Results: Among the patients, 818 (65.54%) were male and 430 (34.46%) were female, with 81 (6.50%) aged 1–3 yr, 501 (40.14%) aged 4–7 yr, and 666 (53.36%) aged 8–14 yr. The positivity rate of inhaled allergens was 80.05% (n = 999), while the positivity rate of food allergens was 66.19% (n = 826). The most common inhaled allergens were Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (65.38%), mold mix (25.56%), house dust (20.67%), and dog hair dander (13.94%), and the most common food allergens were cow's milk (30.31%), cashew nut (27.9%), egg (22.68%), and beef (12.98%). With an increase in age, the inhaled allergen positivity rate increased, while the food allergen positivity rate decreased. Total IgE levels were higher in the groups with older children.Conclusions: Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus was the most common sensitizing allergen in pediatric patients with AR in Changzhou. Several other inhaled and food allergens were also common. We observed that multiple allergenic factors play an important role in the occurrence and development of AR.
The effects of active and passive intravenous heroin and heroin conditioned stimuli on consolidation of object memory
Authors: Francis Travis , Wolter Michael , Leri Francesco 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Drugs of abuse and their associated conditioned stimuli (CS) modulate memory consolidation, but it is possible that these effects are influenced by the mode of administration (i.e., active vs passive). This study employed a self-administration/yoked design in male Sprague-Dawley rats (N = 36): one group (n = 18) intravenously self-administered infusions of 0.05 mg/kg heroin paired with the activation of a light CS, and a yoked group (n = 18) received an equal number of infusions and light CS presentations independent of their lever responses. Self-administration/yoked training was followed by extinction during which responses on the active lever had no consequences, and by a cue-induced reinstatement session during which active lever responses resulted in the reactivation of the light CS, but no heroin delivery. The post-training effects of self-administered/yoked heroin, extinction and reinstatement sessions on memory consolidation were tested using the object location memory task. It was found that post-sample heroin enhanced object location memory in yoked, but not self-administering rats. However, post-sample extinction and reinstatement sessions equally modulated memory in both groups. Taken together, these data in rats support the perspective that mode of administration impacts the cognitive consequences of exposure to drugs and environmental stimuli linked to their reinforcing effects.
An evaluation of macrobenthos habitat suitability in the bivalve farming area near Xiaoqing estuary
Authors: Liu Lulei , Li Ang , Zhu Ling , Xue Suyan , Li Jiaqi , Zhang Changsheng , Yu Wenhan , Ma Zhanfei , Zhuang Haonan , Mao Yuze 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Since macrobenthos play an important role in the energy flow and material circulation of marine systems, they can act as an indicator of ecosystem health. Because there are generally complex relationships between macrobenthos and environmental factors, the optimal model for simulating macrobenthos habitat is a nonlinear, nonparametric model with a relatively flexible structure. This study applied canonical correlation analysis (CCA) to identify the key ecological factors affecting the community characteristics of macrobenthos in the bivalve farming area near Xiaoqing estuary. Responses of species richness to environmental factors were studied using the generalized additive model (GAM), and the Margalef index (dM) was used instead of individual indicator species to indicate diversity variation. Six factors were selected in the optimal model by stepwise regression: salinity (Sal), sediment organic matter (SOM), ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N), phosphate in interstitial water (PO4-Psoil), ammonium nitrogen in interstitial water (NH4-Nsoil), and nitrate nitrogen in interstitial water (NO3-Nsoil) in the substrates. The response curves generated by the GAM showed a unimodal relationship between taxa diversity and Sal and SOM, dM was positively correlated with NH4-N, and was negatively correlated with PO4-Psoil. The model optimized by forward stepwise optimization explained 92.6% of biomass variation, with a small residual (2.67). The measured dM was strongly correlated with the predicted dM (Pearson R2 = 0.845, p < 0.05). This study can increase understanding of the relationships between the macrobenthic community and aquaculture activities in the bivalve farming area near Xiaoqing estuary.
Performance and Optimization Analysis of a Queue with Delayed Uninterrupted Multiple Vacations and N-policy
Authors: He Yaxing , Tang Yinghui , Yu Miaomiao , Wu Wenqing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

This paper considers an M/G/1 queueing system with delayed uninterrupted multiple vacations in which the server begins its service under the control of the N-policy. Applying the renewal process, the total probability decomposition technique and the Laplace transform, we firstly study the transient queue-length distribution of the system that starts fromany initial state, and obtain the expressions of the Laplace transform of the transient queue-length distribution concerning time t. Then, based on the transient analysis, employing L’Hospital’s rule and some algebraic manipulations, the recursive formulas of the steady-state queue-length distribution which can be used to evaluate accurately the probabilities of queue length are derived. Meanwhile, some crucial performance measures are presented. Finally, employing the renewal reward theorem, the explicit expression of the long-run expected cost per unit time is also presented under a given cost structure. Furthermore, the cost optimization problems with (without) the average waiting time constraint arediscussed. Four numerical examples are provided to determine the optimal control policy for economizing the system cost under the conditions that the random variables obey different phase-type(PH) distributions.
Melanoma of unknown primary with skeletal muscle metastasis. A case report
Authors: Andrianandrasana Ny Ony Tiana Florence , Randrianarisoa Rova Malala Fandresena , Navoly Patty , Ranaivoson Mirana Andoniaina Christiana , Vololontiana Hanta Marie Danielle , Rafaramino Florine 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Melanoma is usually discovered from an irregular skin patch or a modification of a pre-existing patch. Cutaneous and lymph node metastases are common. Muscle metastasis are rare. We report a case of melanoma with infiltration of the gluteus maximus, which had normal dermatological examination.Case presentation: A 43-year-old man with no history of skin surgery was admitted with progressively worsening dyspnea. On admission, he presented with superior vena cava syndrome, painless cervical lymphadenopathy and a painful swelling in the right buttock. Skin and mucous membrane examination did not reveal any abnormal or suspicious lesions. The biology was limited to a C-reactive protein of 40 mg/L, a white blood cell count of 23 G/L and a lactate dehydrogenase level of 1705 U/L. The computed tomography scan showed several lymphadenopathies, compression of the superior vena cava and a tissue mass at the expense of the gluteus maximus. Cervical lymph node biopsy and cytopuncture of the gluteus maximus were consistent with a secondary melanoma location. A stage III melanoma of unknown primary origin associated with lymph node metastases and extension to the right gluteus maximus was suggested.Conclusions: Melanoma of unknown primary accounts for 3% of diagnosed melanomas. Diagnosis is difficult in the absence of a skin lesion. Patients are diagnosed with multiple metastases. Muscle involvement is unusual and may suggest a benign pathology. In this context, biopsy remains essential for diagnosis.
Surgical treatment of congenital diaphragmatic hernia in a single institution
Authors: Li Hua , Zhao Shengliang , Wu Chun , Pan Zhengxia , Wang Gang , Dai Jiangtao 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of video-assisted thoracic surgery(VATS) for the treatment of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) compared with conventional open surgery.
Methods
We retrospectively analysed the clinical data of 109 children with CDH. According to the surgical method, the children were divided into an open group (62 cases) and a thoracoscopy group (47 cases).We compared the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative CCU admission time and other surgical indicators as well as the recurrence rate, mortality rate and complication rate of the two groups of children.
Results
The index data on the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative mechanical ventilation time, postoperative hospital stay and postoperative CCU admission time were better in the thoracoscopy group than in the open group. We compared the number of incision infections, lung infections, atelectasis, pleural effusion, and chylothorax between the two groups.There were more children in the open group than in the thoracoscopy group.The overall incidence of postoperative complications in the open group (51.61%) was higher than that in the thoracoscopy group (44.68%).The recurrence rate of the thoracoscopy group (8.51%) was higher than that of the open group (3.23%). In the open group, 7 patients died of respiratory distress after surgery, and no patients died in the thoracoscopy group.
Conclusions
Thoracoscopic surgery and open surgery can effectively treat CDH.Compared with conventional open surgery, thoracoscopy has the advantages of shorter operation time, less trauma, faster recovery and fewer complications, but there is a risk of recurrence.
Induction of distinct plant cell death programs by secreted proteins from the wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici
Authors: Welch Thomas , Bayon Carlos , Rudd Jason J , Kanyuka Kostya , Kettles Graeme J 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Cell death processes in eukaryotes shape normal development and responses to the environment. For plant-microbe interactions, initiation of host cell death plays an important role in determining disease outcomes. Cell death pathways are frequently initiated following detection of pathogen-derived molecules which can lead to resistance or susceptibility to disease depending on pathogen lifestyle. We previously identified several small secreted proteins (SSPs) from the wheat-infecting fungus Zymoseptoria tritici that induce rapid cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana following Agrobacterium-mediated delivery and expression (agroinfiltration). Here we investigated whether the execution of host cells was mechanistically similar in response to different Z. tritici SSPs. Using RNA sequencing, we found that transient expression of four Z. tritici SSPs led to massive transcriptional reprogramming within 48 hours of agroinfiltration. We observed that distinct host gene expression profiles were induced dependent on whether cell death occurs in a cell surface immune receptor-dependent or -independent manner. These gene expression profiles involved differential transcriptional networks mediated by WRKY, NAC and MYB transcription factors. In addition, differential expression of genes belonging to different classes of receptor-like proteins and receptor-like kinases was observed. These data suggest that different Z. tritici SSPs trigger differential transcriptional reprogramming in plant cells.
Will Our Green World Survive After the Changes In the Exchange Rate?
Authors: Demir Diclesu , Sütlü Elif 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Our green world is facing a serious climate crisis problem. Climate crisis which was controversial in the past is now a bigger problem than we think. Even though induvial precautions have an important effect, collective precautions should be taken for globally significant effects. The solution of climate crisis must be applicable and sustainable by both developed and developing countries. We have only one livable green planet. That’s why it is fatal for developing countries to get contribution from developed countries. To make climate crisis action plans real the underground transfer of technologic production must be from developed countries to developing countries. At that point the decrease in the purchasing power of developing countries due to exchange rate, prohibits to take action for climate crisis. The only way to overcome this problem is resetting effects of exchange rate differences on developing countries. We must observe from a holistic perspective for the survival of the one and only our green planet. It is crucial to maintain actions by the contribution of developed countries such as technology, raw material. At that point, we analyze Izmir Metropolitan Municipality’s hybridelectrical bus project which was in their climate crisis action plan.
Barriers and facilitators to the utilization of community drug distribution points among adolescents aged 10 to 19 years living with HIV in Lira District, Northern Uganda: A qualitative study
Authors: Apio Betty 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background: Differentiated service delivery model such as Community Drug Distribution Points (CDDPs) was adopted by Uganda as one of the strategies to decongest the HIV clinics as well as decentralizing HIV care services closer to the stable clients with undetectable viral load. Despite the creation of CDDPs in the catchment areas of accredited anti-retroviral therapy clinics, its utilization remains low at 25%. However, there is little information on the barriers and facilitators to the utilization of CDDPs among adolescents aged 10 to19 years living with HIV in Uganda. The aim of this study was to explore the barriers and facilitators to utilization of CDDPs among Adolescent Living With HIV (ALWHIV) aged 10-19 years in Lira District, Northern Uganda.Methods: We conducted an exploratory descriptive study. A total of 29 qualitative interviews were conducted. Participants were purposively selected. Categories of participants included adolescents aged 10 to19 years living with HIV, caregivers of minors, and lay health care workers at the selected CDDPs. Data was collected using in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and key informant interviews. Data was audio recorded, transcribed and coded manually in which the codes were agreed upon by the authors of the study. The coded data was summarized into major themes on a matrix using master sheet analysis technique. Thematic content analysis was done, the findings were narrated verbatim and presented as text quotes.Results: Our data shows a number of barriers to utilization of CDDPs among ALWHIV in rural settings. Barriers were categorized as individual level (limited level of privacy, fears and worries, long waiting hours and distance), family related (insults and heavy work load) and health system related (lack of transport). Major facilitators to utilization of CDDPs included ease of access to ART care services, shorter waiting time, desires to remain healthy and productive, and peer support and group encouragement. Conclusion and recommendations: Our study adds important public health evidence that CDDPs, as one of the community-based models, seems to be serving underprivileged population with low level of education. We recommend provision of appropriate infrastructures used as CDDPs to protect clients’ privacy and confidentiality. ALWHIV need to be served as individuals on arrival as members of the groups at the CDDPs. There is need to strengthen community engagement and sensitization to eliminate HIV related stigma experienced by ALWHIV.
Perceptions of racism in a children’s psychiatric inpatient unit: a qualitative study of entrenching and uprooting factors
Authors: Asuzu Kammarauche , Ijeli Chinye , Cardona Laurie , Calhoun Amanda , Reiss David , Benoit Laelia , Martin Andrés 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Introduction
It is well documented that race plays a role in health care access and outcomes. However, discussions about race in the workplace are often avoided.
Aim/Question
We sought to identify factors that may contribute to or deter from racism to inform interventions to sustain a psychologically supportive environment for patients and staff.
Methods
We conducted individual interviews about perceptions of race and racism using a purposive sample of twenty-two individuals in an acute child psychiatric inpatient service. We analyzed interviews systematically with thematic analysis guided by a constructivist grounded theory conceptual framework.
Results
We identified two countervailing processes: 1) Entrenching – factors that sustain or increase racism: Predisposing, Precipitating, and Perpetuating; and 2) Uprooting – factors that rectify or reduce racism: Preventing, Punctuating, and Prohibiting. We organized each of the elements in a “6P” model organized along a temporal sequence around sentinel racist events. For each of the six components we go on to include: Contributing Factors, Emotional Reactions, and Behavioral Responses as reported by participants.
Implications for Practice
Identifying factors that entrench or uproot racism can inform specific steps to improve the care of all children and families on an inpatient child psychiatry unit. These interventions could be applied to milieu-based inpatient settings serving patients of all ages.
Heritabilities and Correlations in Muskmelon from Parent-offspring Regression Analyses1
Authors: Lippert L.F. , Hall M. O. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Data from 14 traits in muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) were analysed by parent-offspring regression to produce estimates of heritability and phenotypic, genotypic, and environmental correlations. Heritability estimates determined from correlation coefficients (h2 = r), equivalent to regression analysis on data coded in standard deviation units (h2 = b1), were low (5–13%) for maturity and yield traits, and moderate (53–71%) for fruit appearance and quality traits. Soluble solids content at h2 = 16% was the exception. Heritabilities calculated by intraclass correlations of half-sib progenies (h2 = 4ths) provided many values which exceeded 100%. Phenotypic, genotypic and environmental correlations among paired traits indicated many significant and desirable relationships which could be used to reduce numbers of observations on breeding materials as well as provide guidance for selection within future muskmelon populations. Correlated responses were predicted for all traits from single-trait selection of several fruit quality characters. Predicted and realized responses in the offspring generation by simulated direct selection (10%) for each character within the parent population are presented. Priorities for trait selection and choice of breeding procedures for improvement in muskmelon are discussed. External fruit characters such as net appearance and nonindented vein tracts, or intermediate fruit size, each of which can be scored visually and rapidly, appear most suited for selection within these populations.