bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hesperidin Protects Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore of Rat Liver from Toxicity of High-Glucose Concentration and Some Heavy Metals
Authors: FALODE John Adeolu , ADEOYE Akinwunmi Oluwaseun , ADETARA Olajumoke , AJIBOYE Basiru Olaitan , OSO Babatunde J. , OLAOYE Ige F. , AKINMOLADUN Afolabi Clement , OLALEYE Mary Tolulope 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore is a transmembrane protein found in the inner membrane of the mitochondria. This protein pore is normally closed, but it opens when the intracellular calcium concentration rises. Apoptosis is associated with pore opening. Heavy metals (including lead, aluminum, and mercury) and high glucose concentrations have been linked to the opening of the mitochondrial membrane permeability pore via the oxidative stress pathway. Hesperidin is a bioflavonoid and a powerful antioxidant found naturally in fruit that can help reduce oxidative stress. This study was designed to look into the protective role of hesperidin on high-glucose concentrations and some heavy metals on the permeability transition pore of the rat mitochondria. Hesperidin was tested for its ability to protect the MMPT pore, mitochondrial lipid peroxidation, cytochrome c release, caspase 3 and 9, and calcium ATPase using standard protocols. Hesperidin was also docked with calcium ATPase, caspase 3, and caspase 9. Hesperidin inhibited pore opening in a concentration dependent manner, according to the findings. Hesperidin also protected mitochondrial integrity, as measured by lipid peroxidation, cytochrome c release, and the activities of caspase 3 and 9, as well as calcium ATPase. Docking studies revealed that hesperidin has a high affinity for calcium ATPase, caspase 3, and caspase 9. As a result, it could be argued that hesperidin is beneficial in treating mitochondrial diseases as well as liver diseases.
Comprehensive diagnosis and individualized treatment of multiple primary lung cancers: a case report
Authors: Zeng Guoxiong , Zhou Yunyan , Lin Yuying , Lin Guanzhou , Chen Chunyuan , Yang Xiao , Liang Zhu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: With the popularity of low-dose computed tomography (CT), the detection rate of multiple primary lung cancer (MPLC) has gradually increased. However, there is still no unified standard for diagnosing MPLC, and it needs to be differentiated from intrapulmonary metastasis. The treatment strategies and prognosis of the two are different.
Case presentation: A 45-year-old female MPLC patient with more than 20 lesions in both lungs with the enhanced chest CT showed intrapulmonary metastases (IM). She was admitted to the hospital for the purpose of clarifying the pathology of lung lesions and receiving drug therapy. However, Whole-body positron emission tomography (PET) -CT revealed an anterior left upper lobe lesion with increased F18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) metabolism (SUVmax=7.3). No abnormal increase in FDG metabolism was found in the other multiple lesions. It was biased toward diagnosing MPLC. After a multidisciplinary discussion, we developed an individualized treatment plan for this patient. Patients were treated with a second-stage surgery according to the protocol, as well as adjuvant chemotherapy between surgeries. For a total of 21 months from the first surgical treatment, the patient did not experience any disease progression.
Conclusions: Integrating radiological, histopathological, and genomic features by a multidisciplinary team facilitated a more accurate diagnosis of MPLC. It will be a new trend in the differential diagnosis of MPLC in the future. Moreover, an individualised treatment design is more beneficial to patients for MPLC with a large number of lesions in both lungs. We share a case of the diagnosis and individualized treatment of MPLC with ultra-multiple lesions in both lungs, which provides a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of similar patients.
Assessment of Clinical Reasoning in The Evaluation of the Oral Diseases Course in Final-Year Dental Students Using Script Concordance Test (SCT)
Authors: Bashardoust Nazanin , Mohammadpour Hesam , Asgari Fariba , Basirat Maryam , Khoshtarash Mehrnoosh , Mirfarhadi Nastaran 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: SCT, considered a valid alternative to the classical evaluation method, is a distinctive method to evaluate medical students’ clinical reasoning skills. The present study aimed to determine the correlation between SCT and clinical-based classical multiple-choice questions (MCQs) in the clinical evaluation of the course of oral disease among Guilan dental students.
Methods: In this analytical cross-sectional study, 73 final-year students of the dentistry school of Guilan University who had completed oral and dental diseases courses 1 to 5 were investigated. In this study, in addition to the classical MCQ test at the end of the semester, 15 SCT scenarios with three follow-up questions (45 questions in total) were also administered to the students. The difficulty and discrimination coefficients and the correlation coefficient between the SCT and MCQ tests were measured.
Results: The results showed that the mean age of the students was 24.1±59.36, and 53% (39 individuals) were males. Their GPA of the previous semester was 15.42 ± 1.23. Based on the obtained results, a direct and significant relationship was found between the SCT and the MCQ scores (P=0.035); as the SCT scores increased, the MCQ scores increased accordingly.
Conclusions: SCT scores were correlated with the results obtained in the classical MCQ test. It is recommended that more research on SCT be used in formative evaluations.
Development of Specific-Barcode Based on Chloroplast Genome and Its Application in Metabarcoding Molecular Identification of Chinese Patent Medicines Berberidis Radix
Authors: Li Hui , Yang Hongxia , Guo Hua , Zhang Yue , Zhang Tingting , Tuliebieke Tenukeguli , Yan Rushan , Yuan Ye , Li Tianxiang , Li Guohui , Yang Wenzhi , Wang Yu , Chang Yanxu , Tian Xiaoxuan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Berberidis Radix (Sankezhen), a typical multi-origin Chinese medicinal material, originates from the dried roots of the Berberis genus plants. Previous studies have shown that there were significant differences in chemical compositions in different Berberis species. Therefore, it was exceedingly important to accurately identify different species of Berberis.
Results
In this study, for the first time, we systematically compared the complete chloroplast genome sequences of the six Berberis species (B. julianae, B. tsienii, B. pruinose, B. thunbergii, B. poiretii and B. wilsoniae), which commonly were used as medicinal herb Berberidis Radix. The ndhD-ccsA as highly divergent region was found and taken as a potential marker for species identification. Subsequently, the barcode was applied to the Chinese patent medicines containing Berberidis Radix (Sankezhen) combined with DNA metabarcoding technology. The results showed that the six complete chloroplast genomes exhibited a typical quadripartite structure which ranging from 165,934 to 168,828 bp in length. A total of 147 unique genes were identified in each chloroplast genome, comprising 101 protein-coding genes, 38 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. Comparative genome analysis demonstrated that the six chloroplast genomes were highly conserved in genome size, gene organization and GC contents. The phylogenetic relationships of six Berberis plants were revealed and the results showed that Mahonia was supported as separate clade in the Berberis genera tree, which was coincident with previous studies. The nucleotide diversity analysis revealed seven variable loci in protein coding regions, and four variable loci in gene spacer regions, respectively. The primer pair 1508F-1864R on ndhD-ccsA region was proven to precisely discriminate the six studied Berberis species and recovered the biodiversity of Berberis species in Chinese patent medicines.
Conclusions
In general, this study provides meaningful genetic information for Berberis plants, and establishes a method to realize the identification of Berberidis Radix as multi-origin Chinese medicinal materials, which can be applied to Chinese patent medicines containing Berberidis Radix.
Litter species richness and mycorrhizal symbionts improving soil carbon and nitrogen depends on soil macroaggregates and glomalin accrual
Authors: Ji Xiaochao , Wang Shengfang , Guo Siru , Zhao Shuting , Dong Quanxing , Yun Cholil , Zhang Xiting , Yang Yanbo , Wang Huimei , Wang Wenjie 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background: Biodiversity loss may seriously impact essential ecological functions, such as nutrient cycling. How litter diversity affects soil carbon and nitrogen cycles in high-latitude forests in northeast China remains unknown.
Methods: We collected fresh litter from 8 tree species in Northeast China and incubated it with native soils for one year. This experiment included 107 treatments representing four species richness (1, 2, 4, and 8) and different arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) abundance (0, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%). The soil aggregate fractions and the contents of glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP), soil organic carbon (SOC), and total nitrogen (TN) in different aggregate fractions were measured.
Results: The increase in litter species richness and AM abundance promoted SOC and TN accrual in macroaggregates (0.25-2 mm). Meanwhile, the same treatment also increased the proportion of macroaggregates and decreased that of silt and clay (< 0.053 mm). The SOC and TN accrual were accompanied by the increase of easily extractable GRSP (EEG) and total GRSP (TG) in macroaggregates and their decrease in silt and clay. Structure equation modeling revealed that aggregate stability was directly increased by EEG (0.476) and TG (0.276). Litter species richness (0.182), AM (0.321), and TG (0.43) directly promoted the SOC accumulation, while litter species richness (0.338), TG (0.331), and EEG (0.203) increased the TN content in the bulk soil.
Conclusion: This study has proved that macroaggregates and GRSP play vital roles in improving the SOC and TN accrual through the increase of litter species richness and AM abundance.
Bioinformatics-based study of possible genetic mechanisms and potential therapeutic agents for PBC
Authors: CHU ZY , Li shasha , Tan Lin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objectives: Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is an autoimmune disease and there is still no clear conclusion as to its cause. Treatment options for PBC are still unsatisfactory. This study aims to explore the possible molecular mechanisms of PBC through bioinformatics techniques and to speculate on potential drugs.
Methods: Firstly, we selected four keywords related to PBC for the search, filtered out the genes related to them and took the intersection. Then these intersecting genes were annotated and analysed using GO and KEGG databases. Next, we explored the interrelationships between the key genes and screened for the most closely related sets of genes. Finally, the database is searched to identify drugs associated with these genes.
Results: The 52 genes shared by the four keywords were obtained through text mining and analysis. Three of these genes were not linked to other genes, and a core gene cluster comprising 23 genes was filtered out of the remaining 49 genes. Finally, the core gene cluster was used to filter out 36 drugs corresponding to them.
Conclusions: This study identified 23 genes most closely related to PBC and 36 potential therapeutic agents for PBC and their possible pathways of action.
Revisiting microbial diversity in hypersaline microbial mats from Guerrero Negro for a better understanding of methanogenic archaeal communities.
Authors: García-Maldonado José Q. , Latisnere-Barragán Hever , Escobar-Zepeda Alejandra , Cadena Santiago , Ramírez-Arenas Patricia J. , Vázquez-Juárez Ricardo , Maurilia Rojas-Contreras , López-Cortés Alejandro 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Knowledge regarding the diversity of methanogenic archaeal communities in hypersaline environments is limited because of the lack of efficient cultivation efforts as well as their low abundance and metabolic activities. In this study, we explored the microbial communities in hypersaline microbial mats. Bioinformatic analyses showed significant differences among the archaeal community structures for each studied site. Taxonomic assignment based on 16S rRNA and mcrA gene sequences, as well as metagenomic analysis, corroborated the presence of Methanosarcinales. Furthermore, this study also provides evidence for the presence of Methanobacteriales, Methanomicrobiales, Methanomassiliicoccales, Candidatus Methanofastidiosales, Methanocellales, Methanococcales and Methanopyrales, although some of these were found in extremely low relative abundances. Several mcrA environmental sequences were significantly different from those previously reported and did not match with any known methanogenic archaea, suggesting the presence of specific environmental clusters of methanogenic archaea in Guerrero Negro. Based on functional inference and the detection of specific genes in the metagenome, we hypothesised that all four methanogenic pathways are able to occur in these environments. This study allowed the detection of extremely low-abundance methanogenic archaea, which are highly diverse and with unknown physiology, evidencing the presence of all methanogenic metabolisms rather than the sheer existence of exclusively methylotrophic methanogenic archaea in hypersaline environments.
Combination of FAHP and GIS Techniques in Land Suitability Assessment for Banana Cultivation
Authors: Koca Yakup Kenan , Acar Mert , Turgut Yavuz Şahin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Banana is one of the most essential foods in terms of health, as it gives satiety due to their high fiber content and contains various minerals and vitamins. Banana cultivation area has been increasing in recent years due to its more income-generating crop than the unit area. Banana cultivation has increased 10 times in Turkey. A significant part of this increase has been in the city of Adana, which is located in the Mediterranean Region, with favorable climate and land conditions. Banana is partially selective in terms of soil/land characteristics for growing. Therefore, it is of great importance to determine the locations of greenhouses to be established for banana cultivation purposes. This study, it is aimed to determine the greenhouse areas to be established for banana cultivation in Çukurova with the help of the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and Geographic Information System (GIS). A soil database prepared at the soil series level was used in the study. The suitable soil series for banana cultivation was determined by considering 4 classes of soil series S1 (Highly suitable), S2 (Moderately suitable), S3 (Marginally suitable), and N (Unsuitable). The results showed that the suitability of the study area for banana cultivation was 17.59% at S1, 40.93% at S2, 25.87% at S3, and 11.80% at N. In addition, according to results, the greenhouses in the region should not be established in areas determined as N and S3, but can be established in areas that were mapped as S1 and S2. The results concluded that the integration of FAHP and GIS techniques is a useful method for accurate assessment of land suitability in planning for banana cultivation.
A blood-based lipid profile associated with hippocampal volume and brain resting state activation observed in obese adults from the UK Biobank
Authors: Jiang Guocheng , Rabin Jennifer , Black Sandra , Swardfager Walter , MacIntosh Bradly 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesObesity is associated with functional and structural brain alterations. Less is known about the mechanisms behind such associations. This study investigates whether hippocampus volume and resting state function are associated with a dyslipidemia profile based on high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, and triglyceride levels within obese and non-obese adults. A whole-brain analysis was also conducted to examine the effect of dyslipidemia on resting state function across the brain.Subjects/MethodsA total of 554 UK Biobank participants comprised three groups based on body mass index (BMI) rankings: adults with obesity with a higher ranked BMI (OHigh, n=185, ), a second obese group with a lower ranked BMI (OLow, n=182, ), and non-obese controls (n=187). T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and functional MRI (fMRI) data were accessed. The fMRI data were reconstructed as the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) maps to reflect resting-state brain activity. A lipid health score was created using principal component analysis. Linear models tested for associations between the lipid health score and hippocampal volume/fALFF, accounting for age, sex, hemoglobin A1c, total grey matter, and white matter volume.ResultsWith a higher lipid health factor corresponding to a lower dyslipidemia risk, we observed a positive correlation between hippocampal volume with the lipid health factor exclusively in group OLow(P=0.01). Meanwhile, we found a positive association between the lipid health factor and hippocampal fALFF in group OHigh(P=0.02). Additional whole brain voxel-wise analysis to group OHighalso implicated the premotor cortex, amygdala, thalamus, subcallosal cortex, temporal fusiform cortex, and middle temporal gyrus brain regions.ConclusionThis study examined three distinct and well-matched groups and highlighted associations between lipids and regional brain volume/resting state function with a primary focus on the hippocampus. These findings support the obesity and brain literature with novel findings regarding the sub-group anthropomorphic differences.
Hypocaloric versus normocaloric nutrition in critically ill patients: a real-world study of a large database MIMIC-IV.
Authors: Li Shuhe , Ma Huan , Tang Yao , Song Xiaodong , Lui Ka Yin , Xu Jinghong , Guo Zilu , Cai Changjie 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Nutritional therapy is essential for patients in the intensive care unit (ICU), when optimal caloric goals remain controversial, especially for the late acute phase (after day 3). This study aimed to investigate the impact of hypocaloric versus normocaloric feeding in this period.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis within an up-to-date large database, including adult patients who were admitted to a tertiary hospital from 2008 to 2019, and stayed in the ICU for over one week. Individuals were divided according to the mean daily caloric intake from day 4 to day 7 (< 20 Kcal/kg/d; >= 20 Kcal/kg/d). The restricted cubic spline for a cox proportional hazards model was employed to assess the association between mean caloric intake divided by predicted energy expenditure (EE) and 1-year mortality.
Results
3,545 eligible patients formed the study population. Most patients received progressively-elevating nutrition, achieving median values of 18.4 Kcal/kg/d and 0.71 g/kg/d in caloric and protein intake from day 4 onwards. Hypocaloric feeding was correlated with reduced nosocomial infection (41.7% vs 46.7%, P = 0.003), hyperglycemia episodes (63.6% vs 67.8%, P = 0.008), ventilation durations (3.6 vs 4.1 days, P = 0.001), and ICU length of stay (LOS) (11.6 vs 13.4 days, P < 0.001) compared to normal energy provision. In-hospital and 1-year mortality risks displayed no significant changes between the two strategies (ORs [95% CIs]: 0.80 [0.61–1.04], P = 0.10; 0.81 [0.64–1.02], P = 0.08, respectively). Achieving a calorie/EE of 40 ~ 70% showed a great 1-year survival benefit when predicted equations were used.
Conclusion
Compared to normocaloric feeding after day 3, hypocaloric feeding significantly reduced nosocomial infection rate, hyperglycemia episodes, ventilation days, and ICU LOS, when no significant changes were observed in the hospital and 1-year mortality risks. The optimal goal might be set at 40 ~ 70% of EE when predicted equations were used to prevent overfeeding.
Incorporating Multi-hypotheses as Soft-Templates in Neural Headline Generation
Authors: A Yana , Bu Fanyu , Dong Suyalatu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Neural models are widely being applied to headline generation. Template-based methods are one promising direction to overcome the shortcomings of the neural headline generation (NHG) model in generating duplicate or extra words. Previous work often retrieves related headlines from the training data and adopts them as the soft template. In this paper, we propose an alternative approach: we exploit the NHG model uncertainty to generate multiple diverse hypotheses and use these as soft-template to improve the model performance. Due to the computation resource limitation, we train our models on Alibaba Cloud, which is one of the largest public cloud providers in the world and operates in various countries. Experiments on English headline generation tasks show that incorporating multi-hypotheses as soft templates provides a significant performance boost over the strong baselines.
Effect of gravity shear ratio on governing failure mode of reinforced concrete slab-column connections
Authors: Jafarian Navid , Mostofinejad Davood , Raji Ali 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Reinforced concrete (RC) flat slabs are widely being applied to almost every building structure due to their distinct advantages. Nevertheless, there has not yet been a definitive method to precisely foresee the governing slab failure modes. This research was targeted at predicting the main failure mode of RC slab-column connections subjected to unbalanced moment and various vertical shear forces, for the first time. Thus, the failure modes of the connections were deviated by comparing the unbalanced moment capacity at punching shear failure controlled by the codes and unbalanced moment strength at the flexural mechanism checked by the yield line theory (YLT). The procedure was validated by the results of experimental tests carried out at authentic research in the literature. Afterward, 200 case studies were done on the connections under moment transfer at 20%, 40%, and 60% of gravity shear ratios (GSRs), regarding the alteration of flexural reinforcement ratio from zero to 3.0%. Openings and shear strengthening were looked into in the case studies as two highly effective parameters for the governing failure mode. The intersection of unbalanced moment capacities owing to punching shear and flexural collapses with respect to the longitudinal reinforcement ratio indicated the coordinate of boundary point (BP) between possible failure modes. It was proved that the GSR rise and the existence of opening, lead to a decline in the coordinate of BP notwithstanding, the effect of shear strengthening was in reverse.