bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From Bowls to Arms: The Almajiri School System and the Challenges of Internal Security in Niger State, Nigeria.
Authors: Ibn-Mohammed Isah , Suleiman Aminu Kandi , Eikojonwa Otaida 
Published: May 2022

Background: insecurity has become a watchword in humanities; social sciences and a societal problem that has led to the destruction of human lives and acquired property worth millions of dollars. Historically, periarticular in pre-colonial Nigeria, practical modalities were put in place and monitored the welfare of the Almajiri children. Unfortunately, this beautiful system was later shortened by western colonialism. The paper x-rayed the nexus between Almajiri and internal security in Niger State, Nigeria.
Objective: The paper x-rayed the nexus between Almajiri and internal security in Niger State, Nigeria.
Method: The paper used a survey design in which data were gathered through personal observations by the authors and also the use of an in-depth interview of selected respondents.
Findings: The study discovered that the cultural practice in which parents especially from the countryside send their children at a very tender age to the cities under the Almajiri school system paves way for the concentration of a large youth cohort with a strong sense of identity in those cities, in which factors such as unfavorable economic, poverty and political atmosphere combines with the prevailing cultural resistance against western education and value system to facilitate the process of radicalizing these youths.
Implications/Originality/Value: the study argued that it is important for the Nigerian state to come up with a policy for compulsory and free primary and secondary school for all the Almajirai and not in separate schools as it is at present being practiced but in an inclusive one.
Mental Models in Chemistry: Prospective Chemistry Teachers’ Mental Models of Chemical Equilibrium
Authors: Sinaga Kelly 
Published: May 2022

In this study, we described research into prospective chemistry teachers' mental models for chemical equilibrium. This research aimed to describe the profile of prospective chemistry teachers' mental models of chemical equilibrium. This study was held at one university in Tangerang. The subjects in this study were 22 students. The method used is the descriptive research method, using diagnostic tests as a research instrument. The research outcome showed 59.42% for the macroscopic stage, 51.34% sub-microscopic stage, and 66.18% symbolic stage. This outcome showed the variety of the understanding of prospective chemistry teachers for every level of chemical representation but generally, the understanding at the submicroscopic level was still relatively low. The profile of the mental models at each level of representation showed varied results but on average has a higher percentage in the Phenomenon Model and the Character-Symbol Model. The category of mental models at each level of representation mainly shows a linkage between the characteristic of the level of representation and the students’ mental model type. The result of this work point to the need of developing a learning strategy that accommodates the multiple representations. The next study also should recognize that sub-microscopic level representation is very important as this level help the students understand the scientific concept and give the correct explanation to chemical phenomena and reduce the misconception.
The Effect of Cosheet Strategy-Based on Collaborative Creativity Learning on Energy Literation Ability and Physics Learning Outcome
Authors: Astutik Sri , Maknuniyah Lu'luul 
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study was to find out how the energy literacy abilities of high school students while using Cosheet Strategy based on the Collaborative Creativity (CC) learning model and to determine the effect Cosheet Strategy based on the Collaborative Creativity (CC) learning model on physics learning outcomes in high school students. This type of research is experimental research with post-test only control group design. The study population was all students in Mumbulsari 1 Senior High School. The determination of the study sample used was cluster random sampling which was then obtained in class X Mathematics and Natural Science 3 as the experimental class and class X Mathematics and Natural Science 2 as the control class. The research instruments were observation, interviews, tests, and documentation. Analysis of research data for energy literacy skills is by using the energy literacy formula, while for physics learning outcomes use statistical tests on the SPSS application program. Based on the results of the analysis it can be said that students' energy literacy abilities while using the Cosheet Strategy based on Collaborative Creativity (CC) learning model are good, and the Cosheet Strategy based on Collaborative Creativity (CC) model has a significant effect on physics learning outcomes in high school students.
Soliton-like Solution on the Dynamics of Modified Peyrard-Bishop DNA Model in the Thermostat as a Bio-Fluid
Authors: Sutantyo T. E. P. , Ripai A. , Abdullah Z. , Hidayat W. , Zen Freddy P. 
Published: May 2022

The Peyrard-Bishop (PB) DNA model is the most representative model to investigate DNA dynamics because the model is able to answer DNA denaturation processes even though the model has restricted review that DNA assumes without surrounding interaction. In this study, we investigate the dynamics of the modified PB DNA model by considering DNA in the Nosé-Hoover thermostat as a bio-fluid with various viscosities. Viscosity variations are reviewed through temperature variations, namely thermal viscosity. We attain the dynamical equation of DNA in the form of a nonlinear Schrödinger-like (NLS-like) equation by using the perturbation method and continuous approximation. We solve the NLS-like equations by the numerical split-step Fourier method. We obtain a soliton-like solution for the dynamics of this specific DNA model. The behavior of the soliton-like solution fluctuates as the temperature increases, representing the fluctuational openings of DNA, i.e., denaturation bubbles. In addition, that behavior also evolves with variations of the perturbation parameter. Moreover, we obtain soliton-like solutions by balancing the perturbation and the nonlinearity of the DNA system from the bio-fluid interaction. Furthermore, for the specific thermal viscosity of bio-fluid, we gain the denaturation temperature at 370 K ≤ T ≤ 380 K. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-04-01 Full Text: PDF
Color Preferences for Morning and Evening Chronotypes
Authors: Guzoňová Viera , Bočková Kateřina 
Published: May 2022

The presented paper deals with the symbolism of colors, i.e., color associations. The aim of the paper is to verify the correlation of colors and their symbolism. The combination of color and its meaning was based on the existence of a physiological variable, namely the psychophysiological state. The diurnal preference of individuals was used for this purpose, which divided the subjects according to the chronotype into morning and evening groups. From this starting point, the color preferences of the examined people were monitored in the final phase by means of a color evaluation test. The theoretical part of the paper provides a theoretical framework and starting points for research. The research part describes in detail the research process, especially the methods used. The research itself was attended by 720 people aged 20–40 years. As research methods were used: the Composite scale of morningness, Bourdon's performance test, the Subjective scale of activation, and the Color evaluation test. The respondents had the task of associating colors with their current psychophysiological state. The established hypotheses were mostly confirmed. From a broader point of view, we have come to the conclusion that people attribute certain properties to individual colors, so there is psychic content belonging to individual colors. The colors expressing activity included yellow, orange, and red, and respondents from the group of evening chronotypes also included blue. Calm colors include blue, green, and gray. The most indifferent color was purple. The obtained results were statistically significant. There were also relatively strong correlations in the evaluation of colors due to the psychological focus of the research. Other stimuli for research were also found in the research. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-04-010 Full Text: PDF
Associated Patterns and Predicting Model of Life Trauma, Depression, and Suicide Using Ensemble Machine Learning
Authors: Aekwarangkoon Saifon , Thanathamathee Putthiporn 
Published: May 2022

This study aimed to find associated patterns by association rule mining and propose a prediction model using ensemble learning methods of high levels of trauma items affecting depression and suicide among primary school students in Thai rural extended opportunity schools. Our proposed methods were different from others that have analysed the relationship of high life trauma leading to depression and suicide by using statistical analysis. We found strongly associated patterns and effects among primary students’ trauma, depression, and suicide. The trauma of psychological abuse and neglect may result in suicide, whereas psychological abuse, neglect, and the experience of self-harm are also likely to result in the increased severity of traumatic events in life. The trauma of physical and sexual abuse, neglect, helplessness, feeling worthless, being weak, and self-harm were associated with depression. Our research discovered new knowledge that the risk of suicide arises from two extreme types of trauma: when children’s safety is frequently threatened and the family communicates frequently using rude or abusive words; these traumas may not merely correlate with depression but may ultimately result in suicide. Moreover, this study discovered 7 highly important trauma items and 4 suicide items for predicting depression and suicide using the Random Forest technique. We found that the Random Forest technique performed well in predicting depression and suicide. The predicted depression results show that the overall accuracy was 85.84%, precision was 89.33%, and recall was 75.28%. The predicted suicide results show that the overall accuracy was 91.28%, precision was 89.05%, and recall was 84.72%. From these results, we identified high life trauma affecting depression and suicide, which are very beneficial to practitioners to use in preliminary screening. In addition, those involved need to be aware and attentive in counselling these people with these symptoms in time. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-04-02 Full Text: PDF
External Features-Based Approach to Date Grading and Analysis with Image Processing
Authors: Habib Shabana , Khan Ishrat , Aladhadh Suliman , Islam Muhammad , Khan Sheroz 
Published: May 2022

The analysis and classification of dates is based on their external features: size, appearance, shape, and colour. The process is currently performed manually after harvesting as part of the post-harvesting process. Grading manually is tedious because it usually results in time delays, product quality risks, and it is associated with time and cost delays as well. Although the use of computers and information technology has seen tremendous growth in many small and large sectors, it has been in its infancy in the cultivation of fruit and dates. Using image processing algorithms, we can enhance human vision capabilities through analysis and make images easier to comprehend. A major objective of computer vision-based algorithms for classifying and sorting of dates is to make the procedure fully automated by minimizing the manual component involved in the process. This paper presents an image processing-based algorithm that uses machine learning techniques to extract the characteristics of colour intensity and colour homogeneity, allowing us to grade images in a more timely and automated manner. In order to obtain the results, we extracted the appearance of the date images based on an image processing algorithm. It is used as a validation element for the results that the quality of dates-fruit images can be evaluated through the prior selection process in both separate and in groups. This study has managed to achieve a rate of 95% accuracy in data classification. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-04-03 Full Text: PDF
Estimating Simultaneous Confidence Intervals for Multiple Contrasts of Means of Normal Distribution with Known Coefficients of Variation
Authors: Sodanin Kanyanatthanin , Niwitpong Sa-Aat , Niwitpong Suparat 
Published: May 2022

This study investigated the performance of simultaneous confidence intervals (SCIs) to differentiate the means of multiple normal population distributions with known coefficients of variation (CVs). The researchers aim to find the means of several normal distributions with known coefficients of variation, SCIMOVER, SCIs, and SCIk, which are extended to k populations. The authors constructed SCIs for the difference between multiple normal means with known coefficients of variation. There are three approaches: the method of variance estimates recovery approach (MOVER), and two central limit theorem approaches (CLT). A Monte Carlo simulation was used to evaluate the performance of the coverage probabilities and expected lengths of the methods. The simulation results indicate that the MOVER approach is more desirable than the CLT approaches in terms of the coverage probability. The performance of the proposed approaches is also compared using an example with real data. Moreover, the coverage probability results for SCIMOVER were over the nominal level of 0.95, indicating that it is more stable than SCIs and SCIk and was thus more appropriate for use in this scenario. Finally, the researchers suggest using the MOVER approach for constructing the SCIs to determine the variation to achieve the best solution in related fields in the near future. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-04-04 Full Text: PDF
Artificial Intelligence Applications in Healthcare Sector: Ethical and Legal Challenges
Authors: Chikhaoui Emna , Alajmi Alanoud , Larabi-Marie-Sainte Souad 
Published: May 2022

Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) has been one of the hottest topics in the technological world. Although it is involved in many domains, it was recently involved in the healthcare sector. AI can be used for diagnostics, drug development, treatment personalization, gene editing, disease prediction, and many more. It helps to improve healthcare services by benefiting medical professionals, hospitals, and patients. Saudi Arabia has a particular interest in the healthcare sector, and it has a clear vision for the future, which points toward the development of AI-based technologies. Few studies investigated the use of AI in Saudi healthcare, and most of them focused on healthcare employees' perceptions. This study is beyond the focus of the existing works. It aims at: 1) presenting the main AI-based healthcare applications; 2) exploring the use of AI in the Saudi healthcare sector; 3) addressing their ethical and legal challenges, along with the policy questions in Saudi healthcare; 4) studying the benefits of these AI-based applications and the acceptance of professionals to use AI in daily practice; 5) introducing the new Personal Data Protection Law (PDPL) in Saudi Arabia; and 6) discussing the importance of AI to the future of Saudi healthcare. To this purpose, a survey was distributed among four main Saudi hospitals. The findings showed that AI should not only lead to better health but also save manpower and simplify the healthcare processes. The respondents agreed that AI helps reflect human intellectual competencies and pushes its limits. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-04-05 Full Text: PDF
Flipping the Undergraduate Classroom to Develop Student Analytical Thinking Skills
Authors: Phurikultong Nattawut , Kantathanawat Thiyaporn 
Published: May 2022

In Thailand, analytical thinking skills (ATS) have been identified as an essential element in the development of a 21st-century workforce. Moreover, due to the Covid-19 pandemic and the concern for student health and safety, the Thai Ministry of Education has stated that online education will become part of the New Normal in education. Therefore, it has become imperative that the most effective methods and mechanisms be found for online teaching in Thailand. Therefore, the authors investigated which factors increase Thai student ATS by flipping the classroom environment and using digital storytelling and inquiry-based learning (IBL). Therefore, this research aims to develop and evaluate the LIFD ATS instruction model to study the proposed effects of the ATS instruction model. A mixed research methodology was employed. The mean, standard deviation, and t-test were used to analyze the data. From the qualitative review, an initial learning model was developed and subsequently examined by a panel of eight education experts. After that, 40 students became the study's experimental group for the revised model. The results showed that the results of the expert assessment of the learning environment model using a flipped classroom combined with IBL and digital storytelling to promote ATS and academic achievement had appropriateness at the highest level. The evaluation of the student results using the ATS model identified four significant results. These were: 1) Post-test after the student's use of the ATS model determined their ATS abilities were higher than before the class. 2) Student learning achievement, innovation, and ICT skills increased as an outcome of the ATS model’s use. 3) The comparison of academic achievement after study of the students who studied with the format was 83.33%, higher than the specified 80% criteria and previously established assumptions. 4) The evaluation results of the model’s effectiveness determined that the learning effectiveness index (EI) of the learners was 0.6666 and the EI of the ATS was 0.6966, which was higher than 0.50, thus meeting the specified criteria. The study contributes to the knowledge concerning student ATS and these skills’ importance to a 21st century knowledge worker. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-04-06 Full Text: PDF
The Impact of Conflict Management Styles on Organizational Performance: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Shabani Gezim , Behluli Arbëresha , Qerimi Fidan 
Published: May 2022

Objectives: This study aims to identify the styles of conflict management in public and private enterprises in Kosovo, measure their impacts on organizational performance, and thus fill the gap that exists between the applied style and the one that has the most impact on performance. Methods: The study used the quantitative method to answer the research questions. The study participants included 100 public and 100 private sector managers. Findings: In the private sector, the most commonly used style is compromise, while the avoidance style is the least adopted. In the public sector, managers use the dominating style for conflict management while using the obliging style the least. According to the OLS model, the obligating style explains organizational performance in the private sector, while organizational performance is explained more by the compromising style in the public sector. Novelty/improvement: This research contributes to an in-depth understanding of the association of organizational performance with conflict management styles in the private and public sectors of Kosovo. It shows through a comparative approach that organizational performance improves drastically by selecting the appropriate style of conflict management. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-04-07 Full Text: PDF
Analysis of Information Entropies for He-Like Ions
Authors: Al-Jibbouri Hamid 
Published: May 2022

The electronic structure, a special quality of an atomic or molecular system, is the major factor for further realization of physical results. However, in this paper, we present the topical issue of normalized electron density in position and momentum spaces, Shannon, Rényi, and Tsallis entropies to quantify the reach of electron delocalization for several atomic systems. Hartree-Fock-Roothaan (HFR) wave function is performed and considered for He-like ions using single-Zeta 𝛽-type orbital (βTOs) basis set to investigate the affecting of electron density and information entropies. The electron density maxima in position space are raised, and their positions move toward the nucleus as Z increases, in accordance with the increasing attractive force of the nucleus, and vice versa in momentum space. Shannon’s entropy has impacted the delocalization of the electron in different atomic systems. In the limit γ→1, both Rényi and Tsallis entropy results recover Shannon’s entropy value. Rényi and Tsallis entropies decrease by increasing γ. Indeed, the estimated results have been calculated via the Wolfram Mathematica program and have good agreement with the literature results. The obtained results may be a useful reference for future studies on theoretical information quantities. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-04-08 Full Text: PDF
Sustainable Bank Performance Antecedents in the Covid-19 Pandemic Era: A Conceptual Model
Authors: Subanidja Steph , Sorongan Fangky Antoneus , Legowo Mercurius Broto 
Published: May 2022

The study proposes a conceptual model of sustainable bank performance antecedents in the Covid-19 Pandemic Era. This study uses a qualitative perspective. Data gathering is done using depth interviews with the Indonesian Central Bank, the Authority of Financial Services, and the National Commercial Banks Association members. Using ethnography analysis from interviews, focus group discussions, and previous studies shows that many variables affect the performance. However, the exogenous variable on performance is without precisely placing fintech and regulations as an antecedent. The study results then constructed the fintech and regulations as intervening and moderating variables for the performance, whereas the other variables were as business driver variables. The study's improvement is that fintech and regulations are the main antecedents for the performance during the pandemic. Fintech is not only an entity outside the bank but also an innovation inside the bank. Moreover, the other improvement is that the bank is not only an institution of customer trust but also an institution with a full touch of technology. Consequently, banks must adopt fintech, and cooperating with fintech entities is a wise choice. The study then proposes a conceptual model of sustainable bank performance that connects business drivers, fintech, and regulations. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-04-09 Full Text: PDF