bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An assessment of the aquaculture potential of indigenous freshwater food fish of Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu, Solomon Islands, Samoa and Tonga as alternatives to farming of tilapia
Authors: Lal Monal M. , Brown Kelly T. , Chand Prerna , Pickering Timothy D. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAn important driver behind introductions for aquaculture of alien fish species into Pacific Island Countries and Territories (PICTs) is a lack of knowledge about domestication suitability and specific culture requirements of indigenous taxa. Introductions may be appropriate in some circumstances, but in other circumstances, the associated risks may outweigh the benefits, so greater understanding of indigenous species' aquaculture potential is important. This review summarises literature for indigenous freshwater food fish species from Papua New Guinea, Fiji, Vanuatu, the Solomon Islands, Samoa and Tonga, and evaluates their aquaculture potential for food security and/or small‐scale livelihoods. A species selection criteria incorporating economic, social, biological and environmental spheres was used to score 62 candidate species. Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus and O. niloticus) now established in PICTs were evaluated for comparison. Results show that 13 species belonging to the families Mugilidae (Mullets), Terapontidae (Grunters), Kuhliidae (Flagtails) and Scatophagidae (Scats) have the highest culture potential according to selection criteria. These feed at a relatively low trophic level (are herbivores/detritivores), have comparatively fast growth rates and overall possess characteristics most amenable for small‐scale, inland aquaculture. The four top‐ranked candidates are all mountain mullets Cestraeus spp., followed by Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Lower ranked candidates include three other mullets (Planiliza melinoptera, P. subviridis and Mugil cephalus) and rock flagtail Kuhlia rupestris. Importantly, many species remain data deficient in aspects of their reproductive biology or culture performance. Species profiles and ranked priority species by country are provided with logistical, technological and environmental assessments of country capacities to culture each species.
Radiographers' experience of preventing patient safety incidents in the context of radiological examinations
Authors: Wallin Agneta , Ringdal Mona , Ahlberg Karin , Lundén Maud 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimTo describe factors that prevent patient safety incidents in connection with the radiological examination from the radiographer's perspective.BackgroundRadiology plays an important role in the care chain and involves diagnostic examinations and treatments using various radiation sources and different techniques. Risks for patient safety incidents exist in every phase of a radiological examination. Appropriate use of medical imaging requires a multidisciplinary approach involving staff of different categories to meet the medical objectives and the patient's care needs. In accordance with a Safety‐II approach, it is therefore important to understand why things go right and ensure that they do by supporting the conditions for right things to happen.DesignA qualitative study with a descriptive design.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with 17 radiographers. The data were analysed using theoretical thematic analysis based on the Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety model.ResultsThe analysis yielded 20 sub‐themes, which describe different success factors contributing to patient safety.ConclusionProactive work should focus on collaboration and sharing the necessary knowledge, internally and externally, for care in connection with the radiological examination. The radiological and peri‐radiographic knowledge should include monitoring the patient's safety needs before, during and after the radiological examination. The referring clinician has a central role in writing relevant referrals and the radiographer's competence is crucial in monitoring the patient's safety needs. A good patient safety culture is required and working with standards is important.
A new spatial database framework for pedestrian indoor navigation based on the OpenStreetMap tag information
Authors: Dumedah Gift , Fuseini Abdul‐Karim Wumpini , Marfo Isaac , Agbadi Gloria , Osei‐Tutu Augustina , Fordjour Kwadwo George , Asori Moses 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIt is widely acknowledged that the tools for pedestrian navigation in indoor environments have been increasing while the internal spaces of buildings continue to grow in complexity. The majority of mobile applications for indoor navigation are mostly dependent on access to radio‐frequency identification (RFID) and WiFi, which are particularly limited and expensive in most of Sub‐Saharan Africa. In addition, data from Volunteered Geographic Information such as OpenStreetMap (OSM) lacked clear framework and specification for database design for indoor navigation. Accordingly, this study proposed and illustrated a new database framework for indoor navigation by taking advantage of the popular OSM tag information structure. The proposed framework characterized the indoor environment based on horizontal and vertical partitions, together with description of indoor features by using cardinal directions and qualitative descriptions. The framework was demonstrated by creating sample database records, and retrieval of step‐by‐step travel information for different internal configurations of the indoor environment. A key contribution of this framework is its simplistic and low‐cost nature, where user travel information is retrieved from the database with no need for communication signals from Global Positioning Systems, RFID, or WiFi, making it advantageous for low‐cost applications where access to these communication infrastructure are limited.
svMorph: Interactive Geometry-Editing Tools for Virtual Patient-Specific Vascular Anatomies
Authors: Pham Jonathan , Wyetzner Sofia , Pfaller Martin R. , Parker David W. , James Doug L. , Marsden Alison L. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We propose svMorph, a framework for interactive virtual sculpting of patient-specific vascular anatomic models. Our framework includes three tools for the creation of tortuosity, aneurysms, and stenoses in tubular vascular geometries. These shape edits are performed via geometric operations on the surface mesh and vessel centerline curves of the input model. The tortuosity tool also uses the physics-based Oriented Particles method, coupled with linear blend skinning, to achieve smooth, elastic-like deformations. Our tools can be applied separately or in combination to produce simulation-suitable morphed models. They are also compatible with popular vascular modeling software, such as simvascular. To illustrate our tools, we morph several image-based, patient-specific models to create a range of shape changes and simulate the resulting hemodynamics via three-dimensional, computational fluid dynamics. We also demonstrate the ability to quickly estimate the hemodynamic effects of the shape changes via the automated generation of associated zero-dimensional lumped-parameter models.
Loading-Unloading Behavior of a Spherical Contact for Varying Tangent Modulus and Yield Strength
Authors: Chen Jian , Zhang Wangyang , Liu Di , Wang Chenglong , Zhu Linbo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Understanding the elastoplastic contact loading-unloading behavior between a sphere and a rigid plane is a problem in the field of contact mechanics. In this study, a bilinear strain-hardening material model was used to study the frictionless elastoplastic contact loading-unloading behavior of a sphere in contact with a rigid plane across a large range of interference. A two-dimensional axisymmetric finite element model was established. The effects of the tangent modulus (Et) and the ratio of the reduced elastic modulus to the yield strength (E/Y) on the contact load, residual interference, and contact area of the spherical contact model during loading-unloading were analyzed for a series of different interferences. The effects of Et and E/Y on the elastoplastic contact loading-unloading behavior were amplified with increasing interference. With an increase in Et, the effect of E/Y on the contact behavior was diminished. A new constitutive model for elastoplastic contact loading-unloading is presented. The model accommodates the calculation of the contact load, contact area, and residual interference of the spherical contact model across a large range of interference. The proposed model was verified by comparing its predictions with those of previous models. In the range of material properties considered in this work, the current research results can be applied to particle and contact mechanics.
Two-Phase Flow Induced Vibrations: Methodology Validation – Part 2
Authors: Macchion Olivier , Emmerson Paul , Lewis Mike , Stachyra Leszek , Orre Steinar 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Multiphase flow through pipelines can result in severe pipe vibrations and subsequent fatigue damage. Commonly, finite element analyses are used to define the dynamic pipe stresses and to calculate the lifetime of subsea piping. The fluid flow excitation forces can be estimated from measured data, estimated with empirical models or simulated in detail using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Forces can be applied to the finite element model both in the time domain and in the frequency domain. The findings from Random Vibration Theory using a given forcing PSD, reconstructed force time histories from a single forcing PSD either as a 1-off or using a Monte Carlo approach with thirty 60 second realizations, and CFD predicted time varying forces are compared by applying them to structural calculations of a test rig and an 8″ subsea jumper.
Random Vibration Theory is an efficient method to estimate the dynamic response in terms of RMS values. The Monte Carlo analysis showed the mean prediction of RMS vibration velocities asymptotes to the Random Vibration Theory predicted result, but there was significant variation in individual realizations of the force time histories. The RMS and peak values for a single transient analysis were found to asymptote at different rates.
For the analysis of multiphase flow induced vibrations the Random Vibration Theory approach in the frequency domain is generally recommended as it gives good overall results and is computationally efficient, compared to transient structural analysis. Care should be taken when the piping system has phasing between the bends, in which case transient CFD analysis may need to be carried out.
A Statistical Model of Motion Maxima of Offshore Wind Turbine Components During Installation
Authors: Ströer Lena , Haselsteiner Andreas F. , Sander Aljoscha , Thoben Klaus-Dieter 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Single blade installation presents a significant challenge in the installation of offshore wind turbines. The stochastic nature of wind speed and wave height lead to uncertainties during installation. Blade installation is especially difficult in the presence of large relative motions between the blade root and the hub of the nacelle. In a measurement campaign, the installation of the Trianel Windpark Borkum II wind farm was analyzed to better understand installation difficulties. Sensor boxes recorded acceleration and GPS signals. In the study presented here, the oscillating behavior of the tower and the single blade installation tool (SBIT) before the first contact with the tower based on the data of the measurement campaign was described. Statistical models were developed to investigate how turbine and tool move conditional on wind and wave parameters. These statistical models describe the maximum deflection in blocks of 1 minute conditional on wind and wave parameters. The 1 minute block maxima are represented by a generalized extreme value distribution. We found that the oscillations of the tower are much higher than the oscillations of the SBIT. Thus, they seem to determine the process of the single blade installation. The developed model for tower motion maxima uses wind speed and significant wave height as covariates. While these relationship explain some of the variability of observed motion maxima, much uncertainty remains, which cannot be explained by correlations with wind speed and wave height. Nevertheless, we hope that the turbine’s model can be used to improve the quality of the decision of whether current environmental conditions are suitable to install the rotor blade or whether one should wait for better weather.
Power Performance and Response Analysis of a Semi-Submersible Wind Turbine With Combined Flap Type and Torus Wave Energy Converters
Authors: Lee Chern Fong , Tryfonidis Christodoulos , Ong Muk Chen 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
An integrated offshore wind and wave energy system is an attractive concept in areas with abundant wind and wave energy resources. The sharing of supporting platform and facilities, e.g., mooring systems, offers significant cost savings. This will effectively lower the levelized cost of energy (LCOE). In the present study, a conceptual design consisting of a braceless semi-submersible floating horizontal axis wind turbine (FHAWT), three flap type wave energy converters (WECs) as well as a torus (donut-shaped) point absorber-type WEC is proposed. The flap type WECs harvest wave energy through the flap motion caused by oscillating wave surge while the torus WEC absorbs wave energy generated from its heaving motion relative to the platform. The absorbed mechanical power of the power take-off (PTO) systems is calculated based on linear damping forces and the relative motions of the WECs. The effect of hydrodynamic interactions between the WECs and the platform are taken into account in the evaluation of hydrodynamic coefficients and wave excitation force transfer functions. A fully coupled aero-servo-hydro-elastic numerical model of the concept is constructed. The feasibility study of the concept is carried out using time domain simulations. Only operational environmental conditions are simulated based on simultaneous wind and wave hindcast data of the selected offshore site. The effect of the WECs on the wind turbine, platform motions and WEC power take-off are examined. Based on the power performance of the WECs, recommendations are also provided for optimum power absorption.
The Development of a Time-Domain BEM to Investigate Dynamics of a Floating Solar Platform in Nonlinear Wave Regimes
Authors: Abbasnia Arash , Karimirad Madjid , Baruah Gautam , Whittaker Trevor 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Harvesting offshore solar power depends on the survival of floating solar platforms under environmental loads such as waves and winds. The response of platforms upon the incident wave depends on the geometry of the platforms drastically. In this study, the solar platform is equipped with two tubular floaters embedded a distance in between, to reserve buoyancy. The displacement as well as the gap length, affect the fluid flow induced by the wave interaction with the platform. The transmitted flow of incident waves amongst the gap and its combination with radiated waves by the floaters’ motions produces a complex flow that may be stimulated by reflecting between floaters. The resultant flow influences the hydrodynamic loads, which may magnify the platform motions. To study this phenomenon, a range of wave frequencies is chosen for interacting with the platform and a numerical model is employed to estimate the dynamics of the platform. Then a parametric analysis is performed on the platform response versus the wave characteristics, which both are normalized by geometric properties of the platform, to establish the range of non-dimensional wave properties that the responses are amplifying. It would enhance the basic design of the platform geometry and the mooring system.
Spray Icing on ONEGA Vessel- A Comparison of Liquid Water Content Expressions
Authors: Dhar Sushmit , Samuelsen Eirik M. , Naseri Masoud , Aarsæther Karl G. , Edvardsen Kåre 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The hazards associated with ice accretion primarily due to impinging freezing sea spray on ship structures are considered among serious safety concerns for ships operating in the colder regions. An accurate sea-spray icing-estimation model to evaluate the ice accumulation during operations in these regions can make marine operations safer. The accuracy of the present icing models for estimating icing on ships is substantially dependent on the incoming spray flux generated by the wave-ship interaction. In order to illustrate this, the vessel icing incident of the fishing vessel ONEGA is considered, which capsized after encountering heavy icing. In this study, the ONEGA vessel is modeled using a stability-calculation program. Then assuming the vessel to maintain minimum stability criteria prior to icing, the minimum likely amount of ice accumulation in the exposed locations that destabilized the vessel is estimated. This estimation is compared against another method used to evaluate ice thickness over the period ONEGA was accreting ice. The latter method utilizes the operational weather forecasting model used by MET Norway — “Marine-Icing model for the Norwegian COast Guard (MINCOG)”. The MINCOG model uses spray-flux estimations based on past empirical observations mainly obtained from fishing trawlers. The spray-flux consists of important elements like the liquid-water content (lwc) and the spray-generation frequency. An analysis is carried out applying different formulations for these two elements proposed by different researchers to see the variation in evaluating the total ice accumulation. After noticing the difference in results in total ice thickness from the stability and the icing-model methods used in this study, it is concluded that more investigation and field measurements are needed concerning the neglecting of the contribution of wind-generated spray in the spray flux formula used in MINCOG. Accordingly, multiple real-time spray measurements to develop a more suitable spray-flux formulation may improve the ice accumulation estimation over a longer time period.
Nonlinear Model Predictive Control Based on Real-Time Iteration Scheme for Wave Energy Converters Using WEC-Sim
Authors: Guerrero-Fernández Juan Luis , Tom Nathan Michael , Rossiter John Anthony 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
One of several challenges that wave energy technologies face is their inability to generate electricity cost-competitively with other grid-scale energy generation sources. Several studies have identified two approaches to lower the levelised cost of electricity: reduce the cost over the device’s lifetime or increase its overall electrical energy production. Several advanced control strategies have been developed to address the latter. However, only a few take into account the overall efficiency of the power take-off (PTO) system, and none of them solve the optimisation problem that arises at each sampling time on real-time. In this paper, a detailed Nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) approach based on the real-time iteration (RTI) scheme is presented, and the controller performance is evaluated using a time-domain hydrodynamics model (WEC-Sim). The proposed control law incorporates the PTO system’s efficiency in a control law to maximise the energy extracted. The study also revealed that RTI-NMPC clearly outperforms a simple resistive controller.
Adolescent Bone Advantages 3 Years After Resistance Training Trial
Authors: Thein-Nissenbaum Jill , Weiss Deena M. , Kliethermes Stephanie A. , Scerpella Tamara A. 
Published: October 2022

Purpose: We assessed maintenance of skeletal advantages 3 years after completion of a 2-year, school-based, controlled exercise trial in adolescent girls. Method: Middle-school girls participated in a resistance training program embedded in physical education classes. Effort groups (low-effort group [LO] and high-effort group [HI]) were identified; the control group (CON) participated in standard physical education at a separate school. Baseline and follow-up (FU) assessments at 6, 18, and 54 (FU3) months included densitometry, anthropometry, and questionnaires assessing physical maturity and nonintervention organized physical activity. Linear mixed effects models were fit to evaluate bone outcomes across all FU time points for CON versus LO/HI. Results: Sixty-eight girls (23 CON/25 HI/20 LO) were 11.6 (0.3) years at baseline. Bone parameters did not differ at baseline, except femoral neck bone mineral density (LO < HI/CON, P < .05). Forty-seven participants provided FU3 assessment: 17 CON/16 HI/14 LO. After adjusting for height, gynecologic age, baseline bone, and organized physical activity, bone gains across all time points were greater for HI versus CON for legs bone mineral content, femoral neck bone mineral content/bone mineral density, and third lumbar vertebra bone mineral content/bone mineral density (P ≤ .05). At FU3, bone values were greater for HI versus CON at subhead, legs, femoral neck, and third lumbar vertebra (P < .03). Conclusion: Adolescent girls who exerted high effort in a school-based resistance training program demonstrated significant skeletal benefits 3 years after program completion.
Scaling up of safety and quality improvement interventions in perioperative care: a systematic scoping review of implementation strategies and effectiveness
Authors: White Michelle C , Ahuja Shalini , Peven Kimberly , McLean Susanna Ritchie , Hadi Dina , Okonkwo Ijeoma , Clancy Olivia , Turner Maryann , Henry Jaymie Claire Ang , Sevdalis Nick 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundGlobally, 5 billion people lack access to safe surgical care with more deaths due to lack of quality care rather than lack of access. While many proven quality improvement (QI) interventions exist in high-income countries, implementing them in low/middle-income countries (LMICs) faces further challenges. Currently, theory-driven, systematically articulated knowledge of the factors that support successful scale-up of QI in perioperative care in these settings is lacking. We aimed to identify all perioperative safety and QI interventions applied at scale in LMICs and evaluate their implementation mechanisms using implementation theory.MethodsSystematic scoping review of perioperative QI interventions in LMICs from 1960 to 2020. Studies were identified through Medline, EMBASE and Google Scholar. Data were extracted in two phases: (1) abstract review to identify the range of QI interventions; (2) studies describing scale-up (three or more sites), had full texts retrieved and analysed for; implementation strategies and scale-up frameworks used; and implementation outcomes reported.ResultsWe screened 45 128 articles, identifying 137 studies describing perioperative QI interventions across 47 countries. Only 31 of 137 (23%) articles reported scale-up with the most common intervention being the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist. The most common implementation strategies were training and educating stakeholders, developing stakeholder relationships, and using evaluative and iterative strategies. Reporting of implementation mechanisms was generally poor; and although the components of scale-up frameworks were reported, relevant frameworks were rarely referenced.ConclusionMany studies report implementation of QI interventions, but few report successful scale-up from single to multiple-site implementation. Greater use of implementation science methodology may help determine what works, where and why, thereby aiding more widespread scale-up and dissemination of perioperative QI interventions.