bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social embeddedness of pig value chains in Myanmar and its implications for food and nutrition security
Authors: Ebata Ayako 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAgricultural intermediaries – traders and middlemen/women – play a critical role for food security in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Yet, their role in improving or undermining food safety, an indicator for food quality, is not well understood. As middle-class citizens increasingly demand high-quality perishable and nutritious produce, food safety has become an important issue in LMICs. The existing literature offers limited insights as to whether and, if so, how intermediaries manage information regarding food safety in LMICs. This article fills this gap based on an in-depth qualitative study on pig value chains in Myanmar. We document that intermediaries helped reduce transaction costs of trade by linking farmers to buyers based on an intricate socio-economic relationship. While we find no evidence of intermediaries actively concealing facts about invisible (i.e. microbiological or chemical) nature of pig products, they facilitated selling sick animals. On the other hand, intermediaries withheld information about potential buyers and sellers in order to maintain their role along the value chains. In order to improve food safety in LMICs, policies need to reduce transaction costs of trade as well as access to public health expertise.
Women, Painful Sex, and Mindfulness
Authors: Pernilla Maathz , Lance McCracken , Johanna Ekdahl , Thomas Parling , JoAnne Dahl 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Mindfulness-based approaches to treatment of sexual dysfunction associated with vulvar pain appear promising, but little is known about the specific processes of mindfulness in sexual interactions or if mindfulness may be of particular benefit to women who experience pain associated with sexual activity. This study aimed to examine the associations between sexual mindfulness and sexual function and distress among women who currently experience pain with sexual activity as compared to women who do not.

Methods
Women over the age of 18 were invited to complete an online survey, including measures of mindfulness in sexual activity, pain associated with sexual activity, sexual function, and sexual distress. Of the participants, 134 (42.1%) were experiencing pain and 184 (57.9%) were pain free.

Results
Higher levels of mindfulness during sexual activity were associated with greater sexual functioning and less sexual distress both among women with and without pain. However, the association between Observing skills and sexual functioning among women with pain was weaker if the capacity for nonreactivity was low. Sexual mindfulness contributed significantly to the explanation of sexual function and distress in both groups. Of the mindfulness facets, Acting with awareness consistently contributed, beyond the other facets, to the explanation of sexual outcomes.

Conclusions
The capacity to stay mindful in sexual interactions appears to be important to sexual functioning both among women who experience pain with sexual activity and among women who do not. These findings encourage further examination of the role of mindfulness and its facets in sexual outcomes.
Re-thinking of T-tube use in whole liver transplantation: an analysis on the risk of delayed graft function
Authors: Pravisani Riccardo , Isola Miriam , Lorenzin Dario , Cherchi Vittorio , Boscolo Erica , Mocchegiani Federico , Terrosu Giovanni , Baccarani Umberto 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe liver–gut axis has been identified as crucial mediator of liver regeneration. Thus, the use of a T-tube in liver transplantation (LT), which interrupts the enterohepatic bile circulation, may potentially have a detrimental effect on the early allograft functional recovery. We retrospectively analyzed a cohort of 261 patients transplanted with a whole liver graft, with a duct-to-duct biliary anastomosis, who did not develop any surgical complication within postoperative day 14. Early allograft dysfunction (EAD) was defined according to the criteria of Olthoff et al. (EAD-O), and graded according to the Model for Early Allograft Function (MEAF) score. EAD-O developed in 24.7% of recipients and the median MEAF score was 4.0 [interquartile range 2.9–5.5]. Both MEAF and EAD predicted 90-day post-LT mortality. A T-tube was used in 49.4% of cases (n = 129). After a propensity score matching for donor age, cold and warm ischemia time, donor risk index, balance of risk score, Child–Pugh class C, and MELD score, the T-tube group showed a significantly higher prevalence of EAD-O and value of MEAF than the no-T-tube group (EAD-O: 29 [34.1%] vs 16 [19.0%], p = 0.027; MEAF 4.5 [3.5–5.7] vs 3.7 [2.9–5.0], p = 0.014). In conclusion, T-tube use in LT may be a risk factor for EAD and higher MEAF, irrespective of graft quality and severity of pre-LT liver disease.
Some new semi-exponential operators
Authors: Abel Ulrich , Gupta Vijay , Sisodia Meer 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn the theory of approximation, linear operators play an important role. The exponential-type operators were introduced four decades ago, since then no new exponential-type operator was introduced by researchers, although several generalizations of existing exponential-type operators were proposed and studied. Very recently, the concept of semi-exponential operators was introduced and few semi-exponential operators were captured from the exponential-type operators. It is more difficult to obtain semi-exponential operators than the corresponding exponential-type operators. In this paper, we extend the studies and define semi-exponential Bernstein, semi-exponential Baskakov operators, semi-exponential Ismail–May operators related to $$2x^{3/2}$$

2

x

3
/
2

or $$x^{3}$$

x
3

. Furthermore, we present a new derivation for the semi-exponential Post–Widder operators. In some examples, open problems are indicated.
A Theoretical Framework for Circular Processes and Circular Impacts Through a Comprehensive Review of Indicators
Authors: Garcia-Saravia Ortiz-de-Montellano Cris , van der Meer Yvonne 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCircular Economy (CE) is gaining traction among academics and stakeholders; however, there is no unified framework on how to assess it. This paper proposes a framework that is composed of two segments. The first segment includes circular processes based on the value retention stages of products and systems on different levels. The second segment comprises circular impacts measuring the goals of the CE concerning environmental performance, economic contribution, and social impact. There are eight clusters of circular processes: redesign, reduce, use and reuse, re-sell, refurbish and remanufacture, recycle, recover and recirculate. The review shows that there is a widely spread confusion and overlap between indicators for circular processes and circular impacts. A clear differentiation of each category can significantly improve the tools and methods through which to assess CE. This work aims to provide such differentiation and the foundation for the development of a systematic and standardised CE assessment framework. This review provides relevant guidance of circularity indicators to be used at the (re)design phase of products, materials and systems, as well as the environmental, social and economic considerations that circular strategies must have.
Graphical Abstract
Recovery from Psychosis: An Integrated Model of Interpersonal and Intrapersonal Factors from the Perspective of Psychologists
Authors: Atapattu Methma Supathmi , Gonzales Hugo M. , Williams Nigel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPsychosis is an encumbering cluster of mental illnesses which has a significant impact on the daily life of individuals. Recovery from psychosis is a personalised process due to the unique nature of the lived experiences of these individuals. Although numerous research have been conducted, there exists a research gap in taking into consideration the perspectives of practitioners in treating the illness. This study aimed to identify the perspectives of psychologists on the impact of interpersonal and intrapersonal factors that impact recovery from psychosis. Five participants were interviewed to qualitatively explore this utilising Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Findings suggested that recovery from psychosis can occur on four different dimensions; Behavioural, Insight, Cognitive, and Social Recovery. There are several interpersonal and intrapersonal factors impacting these dimensions collaboratively. An Integrated Recovery Model was generated to summarise these findings which could potentially assist the recovery process of individuals. Limitations of the study and future implications were also addressed.
Sweat Equity: Student Scholarships in Aotearoa New Zealand’s Universities
Authors: Soar Max , Stewart Lucy , Nissen Sylvia , Naepi Sereana , McAllister Tara 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper responds to calls from past and present students to increase the value of postgraduate scholarships in Aotearoa New Zealand. Here we provide context for understanding the scholarship landscape in Aotearoa, including how scholarships are understood in relation to dominant neoliberal framings of higher education and persistent inequities within the sector. We present data which provides insight into the current inequities in Summer, Masters and PhD scholarship values. The average value of PhD scholarships has remained stagnant between 2011 and 2019 resulting in the average being $11,238 less than the Living Wage in 2019. We show that the average length of time full-time PhD students take to complete their doctorates exceeds the three-year tenure of scholarships. We argue the status-quo of low scholarships, supplemented by postgraduate ‘sweat’, excludes people from participating in postgraduate education, preventing them and their communities from realising the public benefits that such an education can produce. We suggest that these inadequacies could be addressed through (1) raising Summer, Masters and PhD scholarships to the living wage; (2) extending tenure of PhD scholarships; and (3) reinstating the postgraduate student allowance.
Covid 19 - some Lessons from Public Administrations for Humanistic Management
Authors: Ruffini Renato , Traquandi Valerio , Ingaggiati Marta , Barbato Giovanni 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn order to understand how the logic of public management can enrich humanistic management’s practices, the current paper will analyze the managerial practices adopted by public administrations within a situation of emergency, a condition where the specific features of the public management can emerge more clearly. Specifically, it will focus on the ways in which the municipality of Bergamo (one of the hardest-hit cities) have reacted to the Covid-19 pandemic, outlining interesting managerial practices especially from the point of view of Humanistic Management’s theory. Such interest resides also in the fact that although the Humanistic Management’s field of research has dealt with a wide range of topics (including human development, emancipation and progress), so far, however, it has not yet considered public administrations, whose role is by definition oriented towards human development through the creation of public value. The analysis of public management through the lens of Humanistic Management can be useful in various respects. Above all, the difference between public administrations and private enterprises can also lead to a very much different process of value creation, based on collaborative forms of production as well as relational and reflexive forms of management. In accordance with the Humanistic Management framework, also business organizations must generate social wellbeing. From this point of view, the lesson of public administrations can be extremely useful for business organization and management alike.
Ball-milled bismuth oxychloride/biochar nanocomposites with rich oxygen vacancies for reactive red-120 adsorption in aqueous solution
Authors: Luo Yidan , Wang Yonghu , Zhu Yaowei , Xue Mingshan , Zheng Aofeng , Han Yu , Yin Zuozhu , Hong Zhen , Xie Chan , Li Xibao , Lei Sheng , Gao Bin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFabricating surface oxygen vacancies is considered to be an efficient method to improve the adsorption performance of sorbents. In this work, a bismuth oxychloride/biochar (BiOCl/BC) nanocomposite with abundant oxygen vacancies was successfully prepared by a facile ball milling method. BiOCl/BC nanocomposite was found to have excellent adsorption performance for removing reactive red-120 (RR120) from aqueous solution. The effects of key adsorption parameters, such as RR120 dye concentration, solution pH (2–10), and contact time were studied by batch adsorption test. The adsorption data were well described by the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The 50%-BiOCl/BC (50 wt% of BiOCl in composite) exhibited the best adsorptive performance (60%), much better than the pristine BM-BC (20%). The high adsorption capacity of 50%-BiOCl/BC (Langmuir maximum capacity of 116.382 mg g−1) can be attributed to the electrostatic effect, π–π interactions, and hydrogen bond. This work provided a facile method to prepare semiconductor assisted biochar-based adsorbents, which would also contribute to the advance of environmental remediation.
Graphical abstract
A perspective on biochar for repairing damages in the soil–plant system caused by climate change-driven extreme weather events
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Bhattacharya Tanushree , Mukherjee Santanu , Sarkar Binoy 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
There has been more than 75% rise in the number of extreme weather events such as drought and flood during 2000–2019 compared to 1980–1999 due to the adverse effects of climate change, causing significant deterioration of the soil and water quality. Simultaneously, the growing human population has been exerting pressure on available water and soil resources due to overuse or unplanned use. While greenhouse gas emissions have intensified, the fertility of agricultural soils has declined globally due to the exposure of soils to frequent flooding, desertification, and salinization (resulting from extreme weather events). The current review aims to give an overview of damages caused to the soil–plant system by extreme weather events and provide a perspective on how biochar can repair the damaged system. Biochar is known to improve soil fertility, increase crop productivity and mitigate greenhouse gas emissions via sustainable recycling of bio-waste. Beneficial properties of biochar such as alkaline pH, high cation exchange capacity, abundant surface functional groups, remarkable surface area, adequate porosity, excellent water holding capacity, and sufficient nutrient retention capacity can help repair the adverse effects of extreme weather events in the soil–plant system. This paper recommends some cautious future approaches that can propel biochar’s use in improving the soil–plant systems and promoting sustainable functioning of extreme weather-affected areas via mitigation of the adverse effects.

Graphical Abstract
Planning Democracy
Authors: Menon Nikhil 
Published: March 2022

The Indian planning project was one of the postcolonial world's most ambitious experiments. Planning Democracy explores how India fused Soviet-inspired economic management and Western-style liberal democracy at a time when they were widely considered fundamentally contradictory. After nearly two centuries of colonial rule, planning was meant to be independent India's route to prosperity. In this engaging and innovative account, Nikhil Menon traces how planning built India's knowledge infrastructure and data capacities, while also shaping the nature of its democracy. He analyses the challenges inherent in harmonizing technocratic methods with democratic mandates and shows how planning was the language through which the government's aspirations for democratic state-building were expressed. Situating India within international debates about economic policy and Cold War ideology, Menon reveals how India walked a tightrope between capitalism and communism which heightened the drama of its development on the global stage.
Gender and Sexuality in Modern Japan
Authors: Frühstück Sabine 
Published: March 2022

Gender and Sexuality in Modern Japan describes the ever-changing manifestations of sexes, genders, and sexualities in Japanese society from the 1860s to the present day. Analysing a wide range of texts, images and data, Sabine Frühstück considers the experiences of females, males and the evolving spectrum of boundary-crossing individuals and identities in Japan. These include the intersexed conscript in the 1880s, the first 'out' lesbian war reporter in the 1930s, and pregnancy-vest-wearing male governors in the present day. She interweaves macro views of history with stories about individual actors, highlighting how sexual and gender expression has been negotiated in both the private and the public spheres and continues to wield the power to critique and change society. This lively and accessible survey introduces Japanese ideas about modern manhood, modern womenhood, reproduction, violence and sex during war, the sex trade, LGBTQ identities and activism, women's liberation, feminisms and visual culture.
Knowledge Priorities on Climate Change and Water in the Upper Indus Basin: A Horizon Scanning Exercise to Identify the Top 100 Research Questions in Social and Natural Sciences
Authors: Orr Andrew , Ahmad Bashir , Alam Undala , Appadurai ArivudaiNambi , Bharucha Zareen P. , Biemans Hester , Bolch Tobias , Chaulagain Narayan P. , Dhaubanjar Sanita , Dimri A. P. , Dixon Harry , Fowler Hayley J. , Gioli Giovanna , Halvorson Sarah J. , Hussain Abid , Jeelani Ghulam , Kamal Simi , Khalid Imran S. , Liu Shiyin , Lutz Arthur , Mehra Meeta K. , Miles Evan , Momblanch Andrea , Muccione Veruska , Mukherji Aditi , Mustafa Daanish , Najmuddin Omaid , Nasimi Mohammad N. , Nüsser Marcus , Pandey Vishnu P. , Parveen Sitara , Pellicciotti Francesca , Pollino Carmel , Potter Emily , Qazizada Mohammad R. , Ray Saon , Romshoo Shakil , Sarkar Syamal K. , Sawas Amiera , Sen Sumit , Shah Attaullah , Shah M. Azeem Ali , Shea Joseph M. , Sheikh Ali T. , Shrestha Arun B. , Tayal Shresth , Tigala Snehlata , Virk Zeeshan T. , Wester Philippus , Wescoat James L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRiver systems originating from the Upper Indus Basin (UIB) are dominated by runoff from snow and glacier melt and summer monsoonal rainfall. These water resources are highly stressed as huge populations of people living in this region depend on them, including for agriculture, domestic use, and energy production. Projections suggest that the UIB region will be affected by considerable (yet poorly quantified) changes to the seasonality and composition of runoff in the future, which are likely to have considerable impacts on these supplies. Given how directly and indirectly communities and ecosystems are dependent on these resources and the growing pressure on them due to ever‐increasing demands, the impacts of climate change pose considerable adaptation challenges. The strong linkages between hydroclimate, cryosphere, water resources, and human activities within the UIB suggest that a multi‐ and inter‐disciplinary research approach integrating the social and natural/environmental sciences is critical for successful adaptation to ongoing and future hydrological and climate change. Here we use a horizon scanning technique to identify the Top 100 questions related to the most pressing knowledge gaps and research priorities in social and natural sciences on climate change and water in the UIB. These questions are on the margins of current thinking and investigation and are clustered into 14 themes, covering three overarching topics of “governance, policy, and sustainable solutions”, “socioeconomic processes and livelihoods”, and “integrated Earth System processes”. Raising awareness of these cutting‐edge knowledge gaps and opportunities will hopefully encourage researchers, funding bodies, practitioners, and policy makers to address them.
Seasonal Variation and Governing Dynamics of the Mixed Layer in the Indian Sector of the Southern Ocean
Authors: Ferreira Azevedo Matheus , Aoki Shigeru , Kitade Yujiro 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe dynamics involved in the variability of temperature, salinity, and density distributions in the upper layer of the Indo‐Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean were studied using Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler and Conductivity Temperature Depth data from a mini triangle trans‐ocean buoy network mooring deployed at 60°S and 140°E between January 15th and 19th December 2012, together with hydrographic casts, reanalysis outputs, and satellite imagery. Spectral analysis confirmed that near‐inertial internal waves are a major factor transporting energy downward to the lower boundary of the mixed layer (ML), with 12.5 J m−3 or 45% of the mean surface energy being able to reach deeper than the ML depth during one of the analyzed events. During a period of net heat loss from the ocean surface to the atmosphere, most of the energy was concentrated below the maximum shear layer, at around 80 m depth. Internal wave events were found to be linked to scalar diffusivity increases of up to two orders of magnitude. A box model clarified that surface cooling plays the most significant role in mixing surface waters during winter, but it is not enough to explain variability below 100 m depth, where horizontal advection and eddy enhancement are also important in modulating warm water flux. Our results elucidate how wind energy might enhance mixing, even in ice‐covered regions, while influencing depths greater than previously thought.
Is Dust Derived From Shrinking Saline Lakes a Risk to Soil Sodification in Southern South America?
Authors: Borda L. G. , Cosentino N. J. , Iturri L. A. , García M. G. , Gaiero D. M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDry lakebeds exposed by shrinking water bodies in arid regions constitute sodium (Na)‐rich mineral dust emission hotspots that may potentially affect agriculture through soil sodification. However, no soluble Na mass balance has so far been attempted. We modeled 13 years (2005–2017) of dust emission from Mar Chiquita (MC), the most extensive shrinking saline lake in South America. Based on a chemical characterization of dust, we found that a mean ∼15–150 mg m−2of soluble Na was deposited 300 km from the source during the season of strongest dust emissions. We estimated the impact of this atmospheric input on 13 agricultural soils, with different rainfall regimes and water holding capacities. At most sites, dust‐equilibrated infiltrated rainfall water had a Na concentration 8–7,000 times lower than the lowest concentration threshold proposed to trigger sodification. Additionally, this rainfall water is diluted ∼2–20 times as it infiltrates in saturated soils, and its sodium adsorption ratio is probably reduced due to the abundance of soluble calcium and magnesium in the soil solution. Thus, there is no risk of short‐term, seasonal sodification, except possibly at two sites and in close proximity to the dust source (<50 km), where dust deposition is maximum. At these sites, we estimated potential dust‐related rises in the proportion of soil exchangeable Na. Under scenarios of enhanced salt‐rich dust emissions from shrinking lakes in the twenty‐first century, agricultural soils close to salt‐rich dust sources worldwide should be monitored for potential Na enrichment related to Na‐rich dust.