bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La UNESCO y los futuros de la educación superior hasta 2050. Por una ampliación del derecho a la educación que incluya a la educación superior
Authors: Lázaro Lorente Luis Miguel 
Published: June 2022

El contexto mundial de incertidumbre en el que, personal y profesionalmente, nos desenvolvemos favorece la aparición e impulso a procesos de reflexión participativa, horizontal, en todos los planos de la vida. También en la educación, incluida la superior. Se intenta, con suerte, avizorar cómo podríamos mejorar lo que hacemos, cómo lo hacemos, dónde lo hacemos y para qué lo hacemos en las Universidades, entendidas en su sentido más amplio de enseñanza superior, postsecundaria o terciaria. Lo ha hecho este año la Comisión Europea planteando su Estrategia europea para las universidades. Y lo planteado y desarrollado en 2021 el Instituto de Educación Superior para América Latina y el Caribe (IESALC) de la UNESCO, con su proyecto de Consulta regional para sobre los futuros del aprendizaje desde la perspectiva del sector de la educación superior.
El Informe del IESALC del que se da cuenta aquí ahora es el resultado de las consultas a 25 expertos mundiales en el área de la educación superior y, como se nos advierte, no pretende, para nada, ser un proyecto de educación superior para 2050. Es la primera de las siete fases previstas para el proyecto Futuros de la educación superior dentro del marco de la iniciativa emblemática de la UNESCO Los futuros de la educación. Reimaginar juntos nuestros futuros. En el Informe hay una clara demanda de una educación superior integral y de calidad para todos, adaptando las estructuras de las instituciones de educación superior a las necesidades y características de los alumnos y no al contrario, que respondan a la diversidad del alumnado al tiempo que se trabaja por la diversificación institucional.

A lo largo de todas las secciones del Informe van apareciendo consideraciones y temas que propician la reflexión, el debate y el cuestionamiento de aparentes verdades condicionantes del desarrollo inclusivo y sostenible de la educación superior como bien público en la perspectiva del aprendizaje a lo largo de la vida. Dos nos han parecido acreedoras aquí de una mayor reflexión. Por un lado, la necesidad de seguir avanzando para conseguir afianzar la idea de hacer extensivo a la educación superior el derecho humano a la educac[1]ión, haciéndola realmente inclusiva; y, por otro, la defensa clara de que las instituciones de educación superior sean, efectivamente, centros para la creación, debate y difusión de saberes críticos.
A psychometric evaluation of the tripartite attachment battery
Authors: McWilliams Lachlan A. , Coveney Ashley 
Published: June 2022

The Tripartite Attachment Battery (TAB) includes scales assessing attachment security, organized insecurity (i.e., anxiety and avoidance), and disorganized attachment. This recently developed series of measures provides expanded options for assessing attachment characteristics (e.g., a scale that directly assesses attachment security) and may improve the assessment of attachment anxiety and avoidance by including items capturing the secondary attachment strategies associated with them (viz., hyperactivation and deactivation). The present study utilized a community sample (N = 386) to evaluate and refine these scales. Factor analyses were conducted to: (a) examine the dimensionality of each TAB scale, and (b) guide the creation of empirically-derived subscales. The Secure Attachment Scale and the Organized Insecurity Scale were multidimensional. The Disorganized Attachment Scale was unidimensional. Most of the empirically-derived measures had internal consistency and test-retest reliability levels in the range considered adequate or better. Their correlations with a measure of psychopathology provided preliminary support for their construct validity. The TAB scales are promising measures of adult attachment characteristics. Further investigation of their psychometric properties is warranted.
MICRO-COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF DENTINAL CRACKS CAUSED BY VARIOUS RECENT FILE SYSTEMS
Authors: ZAN Recai , ALTUNBAŞ Demet , HUBBEZOĞLU İhsan , TOPÇUOĞLU Hüseyin , KUTLU CENGİZ Gizem 
Published: June 2022

Objectives: The purpose of present study was to evaluate the incidence of dentinal micro-cracks observed after the use of ProTaper Gold (PTG), WaveOne Gold (WOG), OneShape New Generation (OSNG), K3XF nickel-titanium (NiTi) instrumentation systems.
Materials and Methods: Sixty extracted human mandibular first molars were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 15). The root canals were instrumented with PTG, WOG, OSNG, and K3XF systems. The cross-sectional images of the roots were screened using high-resolution micro-computed tomography imaging before and after preparation to detect the presence of dentinal cracks.
Results: Although there was no statistically significant difference between PTG and WOG systems, WOG caused lesser micro-crack among all groups. K3XF showed statistically fewer cracks than OSNG. K3XF and OSNG systems caused statistically more dentinal micro-cracks than both Gold systems. WOG and PTG systems caused lesser micro-cracks formation among the systems evaluated in present study. Both Gold systems may be preferred as safer to minimize micro-cracks during root canal treatments.
Conclusions: All used systems have caused different degrees of crack formations. Furthermore, WOG and PTG systems have shown superior features in terms of creating dentinal cracks according to OSNG, and K3XF systems.
SHEAR BOND STRENGTH OF CHAIRSIDE CAD-CAM BLOCKS TO ERODED DENTIN
Authors: NAİBOĞLU Pınar , SERİN KALAY Tuğba , AYDOĞAN AYAZ Elif 
Published: June 2022

Objectives: To assess the shear bond strength (SBS) of chairside computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) blocks to dentin subjected to simulated gastric erosion when cemented with self-etch and self-adhesive resin cements.
Materials and Methods: One hundred eighty dentin samples were assigned to two groups: sound and eroded dentin. In the eroded dentin group, samples were eroded with HCl (0.01 M, pH 2, 2 min) and stored in artificial saliva for 60 min then, brushed using a power brush (2N, 15 s). This cycle was repeated three times. CAD-CAM blocks (3x3x3 mm3, n=15/group) of Lava Ultimate (LU), Vita Enamic (VE), and Vita Suprinity (VS) were cemented to sound and eroded dentin with self-etch Multilink N (MN) and self-adhesive RelyX U200 Automix (RU) resin cements. SBS was measured after 24 hours. The failure mode was assessed by using a stereomicroscope. Data was analyzed with 3-way ANOVA and Bonferroni correction (p˂0.05).
Results: The SBS was significantly affected by the main factors: tooth structure (p=0.011), resin cements (p˂0.001), and CAD-CAM blocks (p=0.001). When LU was cemented with RU to sound dentin, a higher SBS was obtained compared to eroded dentin (p=0.001). MN revealed significantly higher SBS than RU (p
ASSESSMENT OF DMFT INDEXES, SALIVARY FLOW RATE, PH, AND DETECTIONS OF S.MUTANS SALIVARY LEVELS BY A QUANTITATIVE REAL-TIME PCR IN POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME
Authors: YENİÇERİ HİLALOĞLU N. Ezgi , GURSEL SURMELİOGLU Derya 
Published: June 2022

Objectives: PCOS is an endocrine disorder that is common in women. However, PCOS effects on oral and dental health have not been stated clearly. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), which is common in women of reproductive age, on saliva and dental tissues in these women.
Materials and Methods: One-hundred individuals who were / were not diagnosed with PCOS and insulin resistance were included in this study (n=100). Subsequently, individuals, with PCOS and insulin resistance (PCOSID +), with PCOS and non-insulin resistance (PCOSID-), without PCOS and insulin resistance (ControlID +) and without PCOS and non-insulin resistance (ControlID-) were divided into 4 groups (n=25). DMFT (Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth) index was used for dental health evaluation, while pH meter was used for saliva pH measurement. Also, Streptococcus Mutans (S. Mutans) numbers were analyzed by the real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method. In statistical analysis p
COVID-19 VACCINATION AND DENTISTRY: ARE WE FACING NEW CHALLENGES OR WORKING WITHIN OUR POSSIBILITIES? ANALYTICAL REVIEW
Authors: GONCHARUK Myroslav , POHORİLYAK Renata , STETSYK Mariia , LEİTE CAVALCANTİ Alessandro , YAVUZ Yasemin , PASİCHNYK Maryana 
Published: June 2022

Objective. To systematize available data regarding COVID-19 vaccination aspects among dental specialists and highlight relevant occupationally-related features of vaccination challenges.
Materials and Methods. Search of pertinent literature sources associated with above-formulated objective was provided via PubMed Central database (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) and Google Scholar search engine (https://scholar.google.com/). Criteria of publication date included 2020-2021 years period. Publications in English or at least with English abstract/summary were collected within primary sample for further preliminary content-analysis. All articles collected for in-depth content-analysis were evaluated due to the text-mining, text-identification and text-extraction principles with further clusterization and systematization of outcomes at the Microsoft Excel 2019 software (Microsoft Office, 2019).
Results. After full reading of articles’ texts 24 of them were interpreted as those containing new and/or unique information, interpretations or facts, out of which 9 were cross-sectional online surveys, 4 were editorials, 6 were literature/clinical reviews, 1 was brief report, 1 was opinion article, 1 was ethical moment, 1 was advice article, and 1 was web-source. New challenges related with COVID-19 vaccination within dental filed are represented by personal hesitancy of dental professionals and students, which in turn associated with provided information support, previous COVID-19 experience, fear of getting infected or transmit disease to the patients or family members, fear of potential development for post-vaccination side-effects, changes of occupational status, and interaction within dental team.
Conclusions. Further improvement of dental care field possible only after vaccination of dental professionals. Vaccination of dentists widening window of their possibilities regarding potential role of dental specialist as members of COVID-19 vaccine’s delivery team, improvement of quality of life among dental patients (after its decreasing changes during pandemic), and providing dentists with important role in so-called “behaviorally informed strategies” and public motivational programs aimed at amplification of positive willingness for COVID-19 vaccination among general public.
Computational Examination of Unsteady Cavitating Flow Characteristics on a 2D NACA66 Profile by Utilizing OpenFOAM®
Authors: OĞUR Samir Arda , ALPMAN Emre 
Published: June 2022

The complexity of the flow mechanism is one of the crucial problems in cavitation. In this present study, detailed computational examinations of cavitating flow around a NACA66 hydrofoil were performed by using OpenFOAM® software. Dynamic and unsteady behaviours of cavitating flow were solved utilizing the k-ω SST turbulence model. Schnerr-Sauer cavitation model was used for the calculations. Numerical simulations were performed for 6° and 8° angle of attack with different cavitation numbers and the outlet pressure conditions, the cases are called “Case 1” and “Case 2” respectively. The results were compared with the studies performed by Leroux et. al. Oscillation cycles and flow characteristics were obtained successfully in both cases. The mechanism called the re-entrant jet was shown to be primarily responsible for cavitation break-off in two cases. This mechanism consists of two steps: 1) an interplay between the re-entrant flow and the cavity contact surface in the occlusion region, resulting in recurrent secondary cloud shedding until the primary cloud detachment, and 2) a shock wave triggered by the primary cloud collapsing, which affects the development of the remnant cavity.
The main contribution of this study is to examine the impact of using the k-ω SST turbulence model with the Schnerr-Sauer cavitation model on predicting flow characteristics such as cavitation dynamics, pressure distribution and cavity form. Acceptable accuracy has been observed for pressure fluctuations and cavitation dynamics.
G3BP2, a stress granule assembly factor, is dispensable for spermatogenesis in mice
Authors: Yun Damin , Zhou Liwei , Shi Jie , Li Xinyao , Wu Xiaolong , Sun Fei 
Published: June 2022

Background
Spermatogenesis is a complex process that includes mitosis, meiosis, and spermiogenesis. During spermatogenesis, genetic factors play a vital role inthe formation of properly functioning sperm. GTPase-activating protein (SH3 domain)-binding protein 2 (G3BP2) is known to take part in immune responses, mRNA transport, and stress-granule assembly. However, its role in male fertility is unclear. Here, we generated a G3bp2 conditional knockout (cKO) mouse model to explore the function of G3BP2 in male fertility.

Methods
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blotting (WB) were used to confirm testis-specific G3bp2 knockout. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining to observe testicular morphology and epididymal structure. Computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA) to detect sperm concentration and motility. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay was used to detect apoptotic cells.

Results
We found that cKO male mice are fertile with the normal morphology of the testis and sperm. Additionally, CASA of the semen from cKO mice showed that they all had a similar sperm concentration and motility. In addition, sperm from these mice exhibited a similar morphology. But the tunnel assay revealed increased apoptosis in their testes relative to the level in the wild type (WT).

Conclusion
Together, our data demonstrate that G3BP2 is dispensable for spermatogenesis and male fertility in mice albeit with the increased germ-cell apoptosis.
Longitudinal study on the effect of keratinized mucosal augmentation surrounding dental implants in preventing peri-implant bone loss
Authors: Kikuchi Takeshi , Wada Masahiro , Mameno Tomoaki , Hasegawa Daisuke , Serino Giovanni , Ikebe Kazunori 
Published: June 2022

Background
Dental implant therapy is a well-established method of prosthetic rehabilitation of missing teeth. To maintain the health of the surrounding tissue, management of risk factors/indicators and daily maintenance are important. It still remains controversial whether a certain amount of keratinized mucosal width is essential for maintaining the health of peri-implant tissue. The purpose of this multicenter retrospective study was to assess the correlation between bone loss around dental implant and the amount of keratinized tissue width.

Methods
A total of 1,644 implants were evaluated. Data was collected about participants’ general and dental history, as well as implant details. Bone resorption around implant was calculated from intra-oral radiographs taken after 1 year and more than 3 years of function. Implants were classified into three groups; received free gingival graft or apically repositioned flap surgery for increasing the keratinized mucosa ≥2 mm width (group A), keratinized mucosa width ≥2 mm (group B), and keratinized mucosa width <2 mm (group C). These data were analyzed by propensity score analysis and a generalized linear regression analysis was performed to compare the bone resorption among groups.

Results
Mean functional time was 55.8 months (SD = 20.5) in group A, 67.6 months (SD = 28.1) in group B, and 74.5 months (SD = 32.9) in group C. Mean bone resorption of groups A, B, and C were 0.08 mm (SD = 0.40), 0.18 mm (SD = 0.66), and 0.44 mm (SD = 0.40). Groups A and B had significantly lower bone resorption than group C.

Conclusion
The results in this study show the importance of keratinized mucosa in maintaining the peri-implant bone. Our findings also suggest that mucosal transplantation is useful, as opposed to narrowing of the keratinized mucosa.
Happiness, depression, physical activity and cognition among the middle and old-aged population in China: a conditional process analysis
Authors: Shi Xiaojuan , He Xiaoxue , Pan Degong , Qiao Hui , Li Jiangping 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundHappiness is one variable of subjective well-being, which has been increasingly shown to have protective effects on health. Although the association between happiness and cognition has been established, the mechanism by which happiness leads to cognition remains unclear. Since happiness, depression, and physical activity may all be related to cognition, and happiness is related to depression and physical activity, this study explored the effect of depression and physical activity on the relationship between happiness and cognition among middle and old-aged individuals in China.MethodsData on 14,344 participants above 45 years of age were obtained from the 2018 China Family Panel Studies survey. A multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify the correlation factors of cognition. The conditional process analysis was used to assess the mediatory effect of depression and physical activity on the relationship between happiness and cognition.ResultsResidence, age, sex, income level, social status, smoking, napping, reading, education, exercise times, satisfaction, happiness, and depression had associations with cognition. When other variables were held constant, cognition score increased by 0.029 standard deviation(SD) for every 1 SD increased in happiness. Mediation analysis showed that happiness had a significant positive total effect on cognition. The direct effect of happiness was significant and accounted for 57.86% of the total effect. The mediatory effect of depression (path of happiness→depression→cognition) accounted for 38.31% of the total effect, whereas that of physical activity (path of happiness→exercise times→cognition) accounted for 3.02% of the total effect.ConclusionHappiness has a positive correlation with cognitive function, and depression and physical activity play mediatory roles in this association. Effective interventions to improve happiness levels of middle and old-aged population will not only improve their subjective well-being but also improve their cognitive function, which carries great potential for reducing public health burdens related to cognitive aging.
Enhanced specialized metabolite, trichome density, and biosynthetic gene expression in Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni plants inoculated with endophytic bacteria Enterobacter hormaechei
Authors: Oviedo-Pereira Dumas G. , López-Meyer Melina , Evangelista-Lozano Silvia , Sarmiento-López Luis G. , Sepúlveda-Jiménez Gabriela , Rodríguez-Monroy Mario 
Published: June 2022

Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni is a plant of economic interest in the food and pharmaceutical industries due its steviol glycosides (SG), which are rich in metabolites that are 300 times sweeter than sucrose. In addition, S. rebaudiana plants contain phenolic compounds and flavonoids with antioxidant activity. Endophytic bacteria promote the growth and development and modulate the metabolism of the host plant. However, little is known regarding the role of endophytic bacteria in the growth; synthesis of SG, flavonoids and phenolic compounds; and the relationship between trichome development and specialized metabolites in S. rebaudiana, which was the subject of this study. The 12 bacteria tested did not increase the growth of S. rebaudiana plants; however, the content of SG increased with inoculation with the bacteria Enterobacter hormaechei H2A3 and E. hormaechei H5A2. The SG content in leaves paralleled an increase in the density of glandular, short, and large trichome. The image analysis of S. rebaudiana leaves showed the presence of SG, phenolic compounds, and flavonoids principally in glandular and short trichomes. The increase in the transcript levels of the KO, KAH, UGT74G1, and UGT76G1 genes was related to the SG concentration in plants of S. rebaudiana inoculated with E. hormaechei H2A3 and E. hormaechei H5A2. In conclusion, inoculation with the stimulating endophytes E. hormaechei H2A3 and E. hormaechei H5A2 increased SG synthesis, flavonoid content and flavonoid accumulation in the trichomes of S. rebaudiana plants.
Recent Progress in 1D Nanostructures Reinforced Carbon/Carbon Composites
Authors: Yin Xuemin , Han Liyuan , Liu Huimin , Li Ni , Song Qiang , Fu Qiangang , Zhang Yulei , Li Hejun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCarbon fiber reinforced carbon matrix (carbon/carbon, C/C) composites have become the promising candidates for high‐temperature thermal structure materials in aerospace fields, owning to a series of excellent structural merits. However, for aculeate or thin‐walled C/C composites, due to the fact that continuous carbon fibers are cut off during the machining process and the amount of residual carbon fibers is limited, carbon matrix cannot be effectively strengthened just by using carbon fibers, resulting in a sharp decline in mechanical performance. Furthermore, the rapid development of aerospace vehicles requires that C/C composites not only have excellent mechanical properties but also possess multifunctional properties. To effectively solve these problems and meet the increasing demands, various 1D nanostructures as nanoreinforcements have been introduced into C/C composites, achieving the great improvement in mechanical and functional properties. In this review, the state‐of‐the‐art research activities regarding different 1D nanoreinforcements applied in C/C composites are systematically summarized. Finally, this review is concluded and the future research prospects are proposed. This review provides the “1D nanoreinforcements” strategy to further improve the properties of C/C composites, which could be widely used for reference by researchers in the fields of different fiber/matrix composites.
Retirement is not associated with age‐related cognitive impairment in Korean adults
Authors: Hwang In C. , Ahn Hong Y. , Suh Heuy S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe literature provides conflicting evidence as to whether retirement may harm cognition. This study aimed to determine the relationship between retirement and cognitive impairment in Korean adults.MethodsThis study was performed using biennial data collected during the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing survey between 2006 and 2018. A total of 6363 adults aged 45 years or older with normal cognition were followed for up to 12 years. Linear regression, adjusted for potential covariates, was used to examine the association between retirement and cognitive impairment.ResultsRetirees composed 27.6% of participants were older, and had several cohort‐related features such as a lower education level and income. They were more likely to be single and to participate in religious activities, and had better healthy habits, but participated in fewer social activities and were more likely to have a depressive mood. Unadjusted models indicated that retirees were at higher risk of cognitive impairment, but this association became nonsignificant in age‐adjusted models. Multivariate regression analysis identified several risk factors associated with cognitive impairment, but these did not include retirement.ConclusionRetirement was not associated with cognitive impairment in Korean adults.