bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying Sources and Oxidation of Methane in Standing Dead Trees in Freshwater Forested Wetlands
Authors: Martinez Melinda , Ardón Marcelo , Carmichael Mary Jane 
Published: February 2022

Wetlands are large sources of methane (CH4), therefore it is vital to understand the pathways, mechanisms, and sources to anticipate future positive feedbacks to climate change. Plant mediated transport of CH4 from sediment-borne gases is thought to be a major contributor in wetland ecosystems, though few studies have measured standing dead trees (snags). Snags are expected to become more common across the southeastern coast as marshes migrate into freshwater forested wetlands. In this study, our goal was to distinguish the main sources of CH4 being emitted from snags, that is, from soil or in situ origin. The δ2H and δ13C stable isotopic composition from various sources was sampled for source determination. We measured CH4 in various components: emissions from snag stem sides and the soil-atmosphere interface; and concentrations from snag trunk airspace at various heights from ground level (30, 60, and 120 cm), and soil porewater. Potential CH4 production and oxidation in tree cores from two heights (60 and 120 cm) was also measured to examine the potential for CH4 generation or oxidation in stems. We found that CH4 concentrations inside snags (∼10–200 ppm) were 2–50 times higher than atmospheric levels, and generally decreased with increasing stem height. The stable isotopes δ13C and δ2H showed an enrichment from porewater to soils and snag stems. δ13C enrichment of CH4 in snag stems suggests that CH4 is being oxidized as it moves through snags. The tree core vial incubations showed that very few cores produced small amounts of CH4 under anaerobic conditions (n = 5 out of 50), and very few cores oxidized CH4 under more aerobic conditions (n = 5 out of 50). It is possible that a small amount of CH4 is produced in-situ within the heartwood, but it is likely this depends on the density, porosity, and aeration of snags (degree of decay). Our results highlight that high concentrations of CH4 can persist within the heartwood of snags long after initial decay, and that CH4 emitted from snags is largely derived from deep wetland soils and oxidized during transport (via diffusion) throughout the stem of snags.
Neural Correlates of Physical Activity Moderate the Association Between Problematic Mobile Phone Use and Psychological Symptoms
Authors: Zou Liwei , Wu Xiaoyan , Tao Shuman , Yang Yajuan , Zhang Qingjun , Hong Xuedong , Xie Yang , Li Tingting , Zheng Suisheng , Tao Fangbiao 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundDespite the evidence of an association between problematic mobile phone use (PMPU) and psychological symptoms, a few studies explore whether physical activity (PA) could moderate the effect of PMPU on psychological symptoms and its neural substrates. The aim of this study was to examine the association between PMPU and psychological symptoms in late adolescents, along with the potential moderating effect of PA and neural basis by brain gray matter volume (GMV).MethodsA total of 251 college students reported on their PMPU, PA, and psychological symptoms and subsequently underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging to explore the neural basis of their PA characteristics. A multiple regression model was performed to detect brain GMV associated with PA by the voxel-based morphometry (VBM) method. Moderating analysis was conducted using PROCESS macro in the SPSS software.ResultsBehavioral results showed that PMPU was correlated to depression, anxiety, and stress, and PA has significantly moderated the association between PMPU with depression, anxiety, and stress. The VBM analysis showed that PA was correlated to GMV of the right fusiform gyrus (FFG), left precuneus (PCUN), left insula (INS), and left triangular part of inferior frontal gyrus (IFGtriang). Moreover, GMV of the left INS moderated the relationship between PMPU and depression.ConclusionThis study has shed light on the neural perspective of PA that moderates the relationship between PMPU and depressive symptom.
Impaired Nutritional Condition After Stroke From the Hyperacute to the Chronic Phase: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Huppertz Viviënne , Guida Sonia , Holdoway Anne , Strilciuc Stefan , Baijens Laura , Schols Jos M. G. A. , van Helvoort Ardy , Lansink Mirian , Muresanu Dafin F. 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundMalnutrition is common after stroke and can affect rehabilitation and healthcare costs. A comprehensive overview of stroke patients' nutritional condition from the hyperacute to the chronic phase is lacking. This systematic review aimed to investigate the prevalence of impaired nutritional condition (INC) across the continuum of care in specific phases after stroke.MethodsCAB ABSTRACTS, Embase, MEDLINE, were used to collect studies published between 01-01-1999 and 26-08-2020. Primary and secondary outcomes were prevalence of INC and prevalence of malnutrition, respectively. Exploratory outcomes were prevalence of INC at follow-up, nutritional examination methods, prevalence of dysphagia, stroke severity, adverse events, and continent-specific prevalence of INC. A random-effects meta-analysis model was used to estimate the phase-specific pooled prevalence of INC and malnutrition.ResultsThe dataset consisted of 78 study groups selected over a total of 1,244 identified records. The pooled prevalence of INC and malnutrition were 19% (95%CI:7–31) (N = 4) and 19% (95%CI:9–29) (N = 3), 34% (95%CI:25–43) (N = 34) and 26% (95%CI:18–35) (N = 29), 52% (95%CI:43–61) (N = 34) and 37% (95%CI:28–45) (N = 31), 21% (95%CI:12–31) (N = 3) and 11% (95%CI:0–24) (N = 3) and 72% (95%CI:41–100) (N = 3) and 30% (95%CI:0–76) (N = 2) in the hyperacute, acute, early subacute, late subacute, and chronic phase, respectively.ConclusionINC and malnutrition are highly prevalent in all stages of stroke care. Since malnutrition has been shown to negatively affect clinical outcomes, mortality, and overall healthcare expenditure in stroke survivors, it is essential to examine and monitor the nutritional status of stroke patients throughout their care journey to guide and plan, timely nutritional support and dietary modification.
The Effect of Inflammatory Markers on the Survival of Advanced Gastric Cancer Patients Who Underwent Anti-Programmed Death 1 Therapy
Authors: Qu Ziting , Wang Qianling , Wang Hui , Jiao Yang , Li Min , Wei Wei , Lei Yu , Zhao Zhiyan , Zhang Tengteng , Zhang Yiyin , Gu Kangsheng 
Published: February 2022

PurposeThis clinical study sought to determine whether the levels of inflammatory markers predicted the survival of advanced gastric cancer (AGC) patients who underwent anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1) therapy.MethodsUsing AGC patient plasma samples and baseline characteristics, we investigated the specific value of inflammatory markers in AGC from a clinical perspective in immunotherapy.ResultsOne hundred and six patients with AGC who underwent anti-PD-1 therapy were enrolled in this study between 20 July 2019 and 16 March 2021. A significant decrease in NLR, dNLR, and SII was noticed among the PR (P=0.023; P=0.036; P=0.001), SD (P=0.048; P=0.022; P=0.023), ORR (P=0.021; P=0.032; P=0.001), and DCR (P=0.003; P=0.001; P&lt;0.001) groups after anti-PD-1 therapy. Additionally, a significant decline of PLR was also observed in PR (P=0.010), ORR (P=0.007), and DCR (P=0.005) after anti-PD-1 therapy. Only MLR levels increased significantly at the time of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy the failure compared to baseline (P=0.039). And statistically significant elevations in NLR (P=0.001), MLR (P=0.020), dNLR (P=0.002), and SII (P=0.019) were found in failure of anti-PD-1 treatment compared to optimal efficacy in AGC patients. In first-line treatment, the number of metastatic sites (P=0.001) was an independent prognostic factor for PFS, and peritoneal metastases (P=0.004) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) level (P=0.014) were independent prognostic predictors of OS according to Cox regression analysis. In second-line or posterior treatment, the number of metastatic sites (P=0.007), ECOG (P=0.011), and PLR level (P=0.033) were independent prognostic factors for PFS in AGC patients, and the number of metastatic sites (P=0.003), differentiation (P=0.030), and NLR level (P&lt;0.001) were independent prognostic factors for OS according to Cox regression analysis.ConclusionsNLR, PLR, MLR, dNLR, and SII can reflect the short-term efficacy of immunotherapy in patients who underwent anti-PD-1 therapy with AGC. PLR is an independent prognostic factor for OS in AGC patients receiving first-line immunotherapy and PFS in those receiving second-line or posterior immunotherapy. And NLR was an independent prognostic factor for OS in AGC patients receiving second-line or posterior immunotherapy. The number of metastatic sites was significantly associated with the prognosis of AGC patients who received immunotherapy.
Designing and Piloting of a Mobile Learning Curriculum for Quality Point-Of-Care Diagnostics Services in Rural Clinics of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Chamane Nkosinothando , Thompson Rowan , Goldstone Simon , Mashamba-Thompson Tivani Phosa 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundThe use of mobile technology has been reported to help improve access to education for people in remote areas. However, there is limited evidence of its adoption in resource-limited settings. The aim of this study was to utilize stakeholder generated ideas to design and pilot a mobile learning curriculum, with the purpose of facilitating training to improve the quality of point-of-care diagnostics services in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) rural clinics.MethodsNominal Group Technique was employed to enable collaboration with stakeholders in designing and piloting of a POC diagnostics curriculum. Stakeholders were selected from 11 KZN districts to participate in a clinic-based piloting of the curriculum using an online application. The application was designed in collaboration with a teacher training institute in Durban. Moodle was used as an established reliable online learning management system. During piloting, quantitative and qualitative data were generated and analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis.Findings and ConclusionGuided by the Nominal Group Technique results, five delivery modes for curriculum content through Mobile Learning were generated. An interactive course page was created on the Moodle site, titled:Quality HIV Point of Care Diagnostics Curriculum Delivery for Nurses in Rural Areas. The course content consisted of three teaching units, activities, an online quiz and an online survey. An analytic-algorithm built into the online course enabled monitoring of participation and assessment outcomes automatically. At piloting, 64% of the invited representative clinics were able to access the course, with 47% meeting the course completion requirements. All the participants achieved the set pass mark of 75% with an average of 87%. The activity completion report showed that topics presented through images, videos and simple text were accessed more than those presented as attachments of national documents. Despite poor network coverage and limited access to mobile technology, exacerbated by Covid-19 related restrictions, Point of care diagnostics Mobile Learning curriculum was well-received in participating rural clinics. Recommendations relating to course improvement and access, included extending collaboration with specialists in eHealth systems development and with South African cell phone network providers.
BnA.JAZ5 Attenuates Drought Tolerance in Rapeseed through Mediation of ABA–JA Crosstalk
Authors: Cao Biting , Bai Jinjuan , Wang Xuan , Zhang Yanfeng , Yu Xiang , Hu Shengwu , He Yuke 
Published: February 2022

Drought stress reduces water availability in plant cells and influences rapeseed yield. Currently, key genetic regulators that contribute to rapeseed response to drought remain largely unexplored, which limits breeding of drought-resistant rapeseed. In this study, we found that Brassica napus JASMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN 5 (BnA.JAZ5), one of the transcriptional repressors functioning in the jasmonate (JA) signaling pathway, was triggered by drought treatment in rapeseed, and drought-susceptibility increased in BnA.JAZ5-overexpressing rapeseed plants as compared to wild-type plants, resulting in a lower survival rate after recovery from dehydration. After recovery for 3 days, 22–40% of p35S::BnA.JAZ5 transgenic plants survived, while approximately 61% of wild-type plants survived. Additionally, seed germination of BnA.JAZ5-overexpressing rapeseed was hyposensitive to abscisic acid (ABA). The germination rate of five transgenic lines was 32~42% under 9 µM ABA treatment, while the germination rate of wild-type plants was 14%. We also found that the average stomatal density of five overexpressing lines was 371~446/mm2, which is higher than that of wild-type (232/mm2) plants under normal conditions. These results indicate that BnA.JAZ5 regulated drought response in an ABA-dependent manner, possibly by affecting stomatal density. Interestingly, methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment rescued the ABA-hyposensitive seed germination, revealing crosstalk between JAZ5-meidated JA and the ABA signaling pathway. Taken together, our results suggest that BnA.JAZ5 attenuated drought resistance through the ABA-dependent pathway, which could represent important genetic loci for drought-resistant rapeseed breeding.
APEX: Characterizing Attack Behaviors from Network Anomalies
Authors: Kalupahana Liyanage Kushan Sudheera , Tian Zixu , Divakaran Dinil Mon , Chan Mun Choon , Gurusamy Mohan 
Published: February 2022

<p> Networks regularly face various threats and attacks that manifest in their communication traffic. Recent works proposed unsupervised approaches, e.g., using a variational autoencoder, that are not only effective in detecting anomalies in network traffic, but also practical as they do not require ground truth or labeled data. However, the problem of characterizing anomalies into different attack behaviors is still less explored; in this work, we study this specific problem. We develop APEX, a framework that employs data mining approaches in a semi-supervised way to extract the attack patterns from anomalous traffic and links them to specific attack types. APEX comprises two levels of mining: the first level extracts patterns in anomalous network flows, and the second level characterizes behaviors in the extracted patterns into different attack classes. We carry out extensive experiments on real network traces obtained from the MAWI traffic archive. The evaluations demonstrate that APEX is effective in extracting distinguishable behaviors of network attacks from anomalous traffic, and provide useful insights to security analysts investigating the anomalies. </p>
Electro-optic beamforming for seamless wireless-to-optical digital constellation-mapping
Authors: Ghosh Niloy , Pendharker Sarang 
Published: February 2022

<p>In this paper, we show that seamless wireless-to-optical constellation-mapping is inherently governed by the direction of wireless reception. This lays the foundation for seamless electro-optic beamforming in wireless-over-optical links. We show that seamless electro-optic beamforming is governed by (i) direction-dependent electro-optic array-factor of the beamformer, and (ii) direction-dependent effective wireless constellation-rotation. The analytical conditions and design equations for enhancing the spatial selectivity of electro-optic beamformers are discussed in detail. The inadvertent nature of secondary maximas of the electro-optic array-factor is pointed out. We also highlight the impact of effective wireless constellation-rotation on seamless constellation-mapping. Further, we propose a seamless electro-optic beamforming configuration that enables wireless-spatial to optical-wavelength division multiplexing. The theoretical contributions presented in this paper are crucial for further investigation and practical realization of seamless wireless-over-optical links in next-generation communication systems like B5G and 6G.<br>
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Gambaran Pelaksanaan Protokol Covid-19 pada Civitas Fakultas Keperawatan Universitas Riau di Era New Normal
Authors: Apri Kurniawan Dwi , Erika  , Woferst Rismadefi 
Published: February 2022

Abstrak
Pendahuluan: Protokol Covid-19 adalah suatu aturan yang sesuai dengan standar ketentuan kesehatan yang sudah ditetapkan dalam rangka mencegah pandemi Covid-19. Protokol Covid-19 di lingkungan pendidikan diantaranya mencuci tangan, memakai masker, menjaga jarak fisik, menghindari kerumunan dan menghindari berganti-ganti alat dan perlengkapan pribadi. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan desain deskriptif bertujuan menggambarkan pelaksanaan protokol Covid-19 pada civitas Fakultas Keperawatan Universitas Riau. Sampel penelitian adalah civitas Fakultas Keperawatan Universitas Riau yang kebetulan ada di lingkungan fakultas dengan teknik accidental sampling dengan sampel 100 orang. Alat ukur berupa lembar observasi. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis univariat. Hasil: Responden yang tidak mencuci tangan sebelum masuk fakultas 66 orang (66%) dan yang tidak mencuci tangan setelah berkunjung dari fakultas 68 orang (68%). Responden yang memakai masker, menutup hidung, dagu dan mulut `saat berada di fakultas 95 orang (95%). Responden yang memakai masker menutup hidung, dagu dan mulut saat berinteraksi 95 orang (95%). Responden yang tidak bersalaman/berciuman/ berpelukan saat bertemu dengan civitas lainnya 100 orang (100%), jaga jarak fisik 1-2 meter 97 orang (97%). Responden yang tidak berkumpul-kumpul di lingkungan fakultas 97 orang (97%), Responden yang meninggalkan area kampus setelah selesai kegiatannya 100 orang (100%). Responden yang tidak berbagi makanan atau minuman pribadi 100 orang (100%), Responden yang tidak meminjam alat tulis, buku dan perlengkapan pribadi lainnya 99 orang (99%). Kesimpulan: Pelaksanaan protokol Covid-19 pada civitas Fakultas Keperawatan Universitas Riau di Era New Normal sudah cukup baik namun belum optimal di pelaksanaan cuci tangan sebelum masuk ke lingkungan fakultas dan setelah berkunjung dari lingkungan fakultas. Saran: Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi referensi tentang penerapan atau pelaksanaan protokol Covid-19 dilingkup penyelenggaraan pendidikan keperawatan.
Double-power-law Feature of Energetic Particles Accelerated at Coronal Shocks
Authors: Yu Feiyu , Kong Xiangliang , Guo Fan , Liu Wenlong , Jiang Zelong , Chen Yao , Giacalone Joe 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Recent observations have shown that in many large solar energetic particle (SEP) events the event-integrated differential spectra resemble double power laws. We perform numerical modeling of particle acceleration at coronal shocks propagating through a streamer-like magnetic field by solving the Parker transport equation, including protons and heavier ions. We find that for all ion species the energy spectra integrated over the simulation domain can be described by a double power law, and the break energy depends on the ion charge-to-mass ratio as E

B
∼ (Q/A)
α
, with α varying from 0.16 to 1.2 by considering different turbulence spectral indices. We suggest that the double-power-law distribution may emerge as a result of the superposition of energetic particles from different source regions where the acceleration rates differ significantly due to particle diffusion. The diffusion and mixing of energetic particles could also provide an explanation for the increase of Fe/O at high energies as observed in some SEP events. Although further mixing processes may occur, our simulations indicate that either a power-law break or rollover can occur near the Sun and predict that the spectral forms vary significantly along the shock front, which may be examined by upcoming near-Sun SEP measurements from the Parker Solar Probe and Solar Orbiter.
Profiling Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms in Children Undergoing Treatment for Spondyloarthritis and Polyarthritis
Authors: McHugh Anne , Chan Avis , Herrera Carolyn , Park Jennifer M. , Balboni Imelda , Gerstbacher Dana , Hsu Joyce J. , Lee Tzielan , Thienemann Margo , Frankovich Jennifer 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveFew studies examine psychopathology in different juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) subtypes and disease activity states. We aimed to (1) evaluate emotional and behavioral symptoms in children with juvenile spondyloarthritis (SpA) and polyarticular arthritis (PolyA) as compared to a national normative population using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), and (2) evaluate the relationship between CBCL scores and disease activity.MethodsPatients with JIA aged 6–17 years with SpA or PolyA were recruited from our pediatric rheumatology clinic from April 2018 to April 2019 and the CBCL and clinical Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score in 10 joints (cJADAS10) were completed. Primary outcome measures were CBCL total competence, internalizing, externalizing, and total problems raw scores. We compared outcomes from each group to national CBCL normative data. To investigate the relationship between CBCL scores and disease activity, we ran a generalized linear regression model for all patients with arthritis with cJADAS10 as the main predictor.ResultsThere were 111 patients and 1753 healthy controls (HCs). Compared to HCs, patients with SpA or PolyA had worse total competence and internalizing scores. Higher cJADAS10 scores were associated with worse total competence, worse internalizing, and higher total problems scores. Most of these differences reached statistical significance (P< 0.01). Self-harm/suicidality was almost 4-fold higher in patients with PolyA than HCs (OR 3.6, 95% CI 1.3–9.6,P= 0.011).ConclusionOur study shows that patients with SpA and PolyA with more active disease have worse psychological functioning in activities, school, and social arenas, and more internalized emotional disturbances, suggesting the need for regular mental health screening by rheumatologists.
L’anthropologie phénoménologique de Hans Blumenberg
Authors: Zambon Nicola 
Published: February 2022

L’analyse critique de la phénoménologie husserlienne par Blumenberg conduit à reconstruire et interpréter les aspects les plus importants de l’anthropologie phénoménologique de Blumenberg, ce qui passe par une attention particulière 1) à sa confrontation avec la méthode phénoménologique husserlienne ; 2) à sa théorie du monde de la vie, qui rend compte des structures de signification évidentes modelant l’expérience humaine quotidienne. Cette expérience a des configurations historiques, qui sont l’objet de la réflexion de Blumenberg.
Une COP en demi-teinte
Authors: Jouzel Jean , Euvé François 
Published: February 2022

Le bilan de la COP 26 apparaît contrasté. D’un côté, les instances politiques prennent en compte le travail des scientifiques du Giec et un nombre croissant de pays ont adopté l’objectif de neutralité carbone à horizon de 2050, nécessaire pour limiter le réchauffement à 1,5 degré. De l’autre, les mesures effectives sont très insuffisantes. La solidarité avec les pays du Sud est déficiente. Même dans les pays développés, l’adaptation aux conséquences du réchauffement climatique sera très difficile.
Le Sri Lanka, victime de la diplomatie « prédatrice » de la Chine ?
Authors: Guyot Lola 
Published: February 2022

Les liens entre le Sri Lanka et la Chine se sont considérablement renforcés ces dernières années. Cette alliance est-elle caractéristique de la politique d’expansion chinoise en Asie ? Elle reflète plutôt les choix politiques des gouvernements sri lankais successifs qui trouvent dans l’aide chinoise un moyen d’obtenir des financements qui, à la différence de ceux des pays occidentaux, ne sont pas conditionnés par des réformes politiques.