bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomineralized Two‐Enzyme Nanoparticles Regulate Tumor Glycometabolism Inducing Tumor Cell Pyroptosis and Robust Antitumor Immunotherapy
Authors: Zhang Sijia , Zhang Ying , Feng Yuanji , Wu Jiayan , Hu Yingying , Lin Lin , Xu Caina , Chen Jie , Tang Zhaohui , Tian Huayu , Chen Xuesi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCurrently, immune checkpoint therapy combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy is a useful strategy for improving immunotherapy's therapeutic efficacy. However, chemotherapy and radiotherapy cause serious side effects, so finding safe and effective methods to combine with immunotherapy is critical. In this work, regulating tumor glycometabolism is found to induce tumor cell pyroptosis and regulate the degree of expression of programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1). Therefore, how to treat tumors by regulating tumor glycometabolism in combination with anti‐PD‐L1 therapy is investigated here. First, the biomineralization‐like method is used to construct nanoparticles with two‐enzymatic activity by hybridizing nanozymes and glucose oxidase (GOx). It has the ability to self‐amplify regulation of the glycometabolism of tumor cells. It can also induce tumor cell pyroptosis and increase the expression of PD‐L1 in tumor cells. To treat tumors, nanoparticles are further combined with anti‐PD‐L1, which substantially inhibits tumor development and significantly increases the survival time of mice. Combination therapy also has a significant immunological memory effect, successfully preventing tumor recurrence and metastasis. This is thought to be the first study that combines tumor glycometabolism with immunocheckpoint blocking in cancer therapy. This innovative, safe, low‐toxic, and highly effective anti‐tumor strategy can have good prospects in clinical applications.
Engineered Extracellular Vesicles with SHP2 High Expression Promote Mitophagy for Alzheimer's Disease Treatment
Authors: Xu Fang , Wu Yi , Yang Qianyu , Cheng Ying , Xu Jialu , Zhang Yue , Dai Huaxing , Wang Beilei , Ma Qingle , Chen Yitong , Lin Fang , Wang Chao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMitochondrial dysfunction is a fundamental pathological feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, toxicity and poor brain enrichment of existing mitophagy inducers limit their further applications. In this study, a platform for AD therapy is developed using nanosized mesenchymal‐stem‐cells‐derived extracellular vesicles with tyrosine phosphatase‐2 (SHP2) high‐expression (MSC‐EVs‐SHP2). The high blood–brain barrier penetration ability of MSC‐EVs‐SHP2 is demonstrated in AD‐mice, facilitating SHP2 delivery to the brain. In addition, MSC‐EVs‐SHP2 significantly induces mitophagy of neuronal cells, which alleviates mitochondrial damage‐mediated apoptosis and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Mitophagy further diminishes neuronal cells apoptosis and neuroinflammation, culminating with rescued synaptic loss and cognitive decline in an AD mouse model. The EV‐engineering technology provides a potential platform for effective AD therapy by inducing mitophagy.
A Nonflammable High‐Voltage 4.7 V Anode‐Free Lithium Battery
Authors: Liang Peng , Sun Hao , Huang Cheng‐Liang , Zhu Guanzhou , Tai Hung‐Chun , Li Jiachen , Wang Feifei , Wang Yan , Huang Chen‐Jui , Jiang Shi‐Kai , Lin Meng‐Chang , Li Yuan‐Yao , Hwang Bing‐Joe , Wang Chang‐An , Dai Hongjie 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAnode‐free lithium‐metal batteries employ in situ lithium‐plated current collectors as negative electrodes to afford optimal mass and volumetric energy densities. The main challenges to such batteries include their poor cycling stability and the safety issues of the flammable organic electrolytes. Here, a high‐voltage 4.7 V anode‐free lithium‐metal battery is reported, which uses a Cu foil coated with a layer (≈950 nm) of silicon–polyacrylonitrile (Si‐PAN, 25.5 µg cm−2) as the negative electrode, a high‐voltage cobalt‐free LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) as the positive electrode and a safe, nonflammable ionic liquid electrolyte composed of 4.5 m lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) salt in N‐methyl‐N‐propyl pyrrolidiniumbis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (Py13FSI) with 1 wt% lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) as additive. The Si‐PAN coating is found to seed the growth of lithium during charging, and reversibly expand/shrink during lithium plating/stripping over battery cycling. The wide‐voltage‐window electrolyte containing a high concentration of FSI− and TFSI− facilitates the formation of stable solid‐electrolyte interphase, affording a 4.7 V anode‐free Cu@Si‐PAN/LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 battery with a reversible specific capacity of ≈120 mAh g−1 and high cycling stability (80% capacity retention after 120 cycles). These results represent the first anode‐free Li battery with a high 4.7 V discharge voltage and high safety.
Ferrimagnetic Dynamics Induced by Spin‐Orbit Torques
Authors: Sala Giacomo , Gambardella Pietro 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFerrimagnets are the magnetic materials with the fastest current‐induced dynamics reported so far. Among them, rare‐earth transition‐metal (RE‐TM) alloys offer a fertile playground for studying the behavior of multi‐sublattice systems with tunable composition and magnetic interactions. This review provides a survey of the magnetic dynamics excited by current‐induced spin‐orbit torques (SOTs) in RE‐TM ferrimagnets coupled to heavy‐metal layers. It summarizes the magnetic properties of RE‐TM alloys and discusses how interfacial SOTs result in efficient magnetization switching and fast domain‐wall motion close to the magnetization and angular momentum compensation points. Recent work shows that the switching is a multiphase process affected by significant stochastic fluctuations. However, strong SOTs results in fast and deterministic sub‐ns switching with minimal energy dissipation. In addition, the RE and TM magnetizations can respond asynchronously to SOTs during the reversal. This asynchronous dynamics pinpoints the different strength of the SOTs acting on the two sublattices and challenges the usual assumption of rigid inter‐sublattice antiferromagnetic coupling. Overall, the ability to tailor the timescale and reversal mode of RE‐TM alloys allows for optimizing the speed of ferrimagnetic spintronic devices and provides insight into the current‐induced transfer of angular momentum in systems with synergistic ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions.
Surface Bending Resistance in Architected Nanoporous Metallic Materials
Authors: Zhang Yongchao , Cai Jun , Mi Changwen , Akbarzadeh Abdolhamid 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFinite element method (FEM) is considered as a powerful tool for predicting the mechanical behavior of complex structures. However, the commercially available numerical packages based on FEM are mainly limited to the evaluation of multiphysical properties at the continuum scale and are unable to accurately evaluate the response of nanomaterials since the dominant surface effects in nanoscale analysis are overlooked. In this study, our introduced numerical methodology not only incorporates the effects of surface residual stress and surface tensile stiffness based on the Gurtin–Murdoch surface elasticity but also takes into account the bending stiffness of nanosurfaces in the numerical analysis. The computational results reveal that the stress concentration in nanoporous metallic materials is affected by the void geometry and is enhanced by the surface bending stiffness. In addition, the effect of void geometrical parameters on the elastic properties of nanoporous metallic metamaterials with negative Poisson's ratio is studied and the mechanism of surface tensile/bending stiffness is revealed in detail. The results show that the surface bending stiffness increases the effective Young's modulus of nanoarchitected metallic materials with negative Poisson's ratio and randomly distributed nanopores.
Dedicated Boundary Element Modeling for Nanoparticle‐on‐Mirror Structures Incorporating Nonlocal Hydrodynamic Effects
Authors: Zheng Xuezhi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA boundary element modeling for predicting the plasmonic response from a Nanoparticle‐on‐Mirror (NPoM) structure is proposed. The NPoM can be considered as one of the most important platforms in the research on nanophotonics. Instead of using the local response model to describe the optical response of metals, the nonlocal hydrodynamic model is used to account for the dynamics of free electrons in the metallic NP and the metallic mirror beneath. A system of boundary integral equations (BIEs) is derived to describe the interaction of light with the NPoM structure. The BIEs are solved by the boundary element method. To validate the implementation, two exemplary structures are considered: the Nanosphere‐on‐Mirror structure and the Nanocube‐on‐Mirror structure. By contrasting with the results from previous works and the results from a generalized T‐matrix method, both a qualitative and quantitative agreement in the near field and the far field regimes are observed.
Small Molecule Based Organic Photo Signal Receiver for High‐Speed Optical Wireless Communications
Authors: Cho Seonghyeon , Heo Chul‐Joon , Lim Younhee , Oh Seoyeon , Minami Daiki , Yu Minseok , Chun Hyunchae , Yun Sungyoung , Seo Hwijoung , Fang Feifei , Park Jeong‐Il , Ham Cheol , Shin Jisoo , Choi Taejin , Lim Juhyung , Kim Hyeong‐Ju , Hong Hye Rim , Shibuya Hiromasa , Yi Jeoungin , Choi Byoungki , Park Kyung‐Bae 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe present work describes the development of an organic photodiode (OPD) receiver for high‐speed optical wireless communication. To determine the optimal communication design, two different types of photoelectric conversion layers, bulk heterojunction (BHJ) and planar heterojunction (PHJ), are compared. The BHJ‐OPD device has a −3 dB bandwidth of 0.65 MHz (at zero bias) and a maximum of 1.4 MHz (at −4 V bias). A 150 Mbps single‐channel visible light communication (VLC) data rate using this device by combining preequalization and machine learning (ML)‐based digital signal processing (DSP) is demonstrated. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the highest data rate ever achieved on an OPD‐based VLC system by a factor of 40 over the previous fastest reported. Additionally, the proposed OPD receiver achieves orders of magnitude higher spectral efficiency than the previously reported organic photovoltaic (OPV)‐based receivers.
Smart Electronic Textile‐Based Wearable Supercapacitors
Authors: Islam Md Rashedul , Afroj Shaila , Novoselov Kostya S. , Karim Nazmul 
Published: October 2022

AbstractElectronic textiles (e‐textiles) have drawn significant attention from the scientific and engineering community as lightweight and comfortable next‐generation wearable devices due to their ability to interface with the human body, and continuously monitor, collect, and communicate various physiological parameters. However, one of the major challenges for the commercialization and further growth of e‐textiles is the lack of compatible power supply units. Thin and flexible supercapacitors (SCs), among various energy storage systems, are gaining consideration due to their salient features including excellent lifetime, lightweight, and high‐power density. Textile‐based SCs are thus an exciting energy storage solution to power smart gadgets integrated into clothing. Here, materials, fabrications, and characterization strategies for textile‐based SCs are reviewed. The recent progress of textile‐based SCs is then summarized in terms of their electrochemical performances, followed by the discussion on key parameters for their wearable electronics applications, including washability, flexibility, and scalability. Finally, the perspectives on their research and technological prospects to facilitate an essential step towards moving from laboratory‐based flexible and wearable SCs to industrial‐scale mass production are presented.
Effect of stereoregularity on excitation‐dependent fluorescence and room‐temperature phosphorescence of poly(2‐vinylpyridine)
Authors: Du Hongxu , Zhao Wenjing , Xia Yijie , Xie Siyu , Tao Yi , Gao Yi Qin , Zhang Jie , Wan Xinhua 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPreparation of non‐conjugated luminescent polymers (NCLPs) with excellent cluster luminescence (CL) performance is of great significance for scientific and industrious applications, and yet improving the performance of NCLPs through proper structural design is still a huge challenge. Herein, we report a non‐conjugated ionized polymeric system consisting of (−)‐camphorsulfonic acid ((−)‐CSA) and poly(2‐vinylpyridine) (P2VP). These acid‐base complexes exhibit typical excitation‐dependent fluorescence and room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) with a lifetime up to 364 ms. We discover that changing the stereoregularity from atactic to isotactic significantly improves the CL performance of the complex. It (1) broadens the fluorescence emission spectra to cover the entire visible region, (2) enhances the fluorescence emission intensity at long wavelength beyond 500 nm, (3) enhances the phosphorescence intensity, and (4) extends the phosphorescence lifetime. Systematical experimental characterization and molecular dynamics simulation unravel the key role of stereoregularity in determining the formation of different pyridine aggregates that strongly influence the CL performance. Moreover, the different luminescence shows great potential in excitation divided information display and time‐resolved encrypted display. This work not only points to a new direction for developing NCLPs with excellent performance, but also broadens the applications of NCLPs materials.
Near‐infrared fluorophores with absolute aggregation‐caused quenching and negligible fluorescence re‐illumination for in vivo bioimaging of nanocarriers
Authors: Cai Yifan , Ji Xin , Zhang Yunsen , Liu Chang , Zhang Zichen , Lv Yongjiu , Dong Xiaochun , He Haisheng , Qi Jianping , Lu Yi , Ouyang Defang , Zhao Weili , Wu Wei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEnvironment‐responsive fluorophores with aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ) properties have been applied to track nanocarriers with reduced artefacts caused by unbound or free fluorophores but suffer from incomplete fluorescence quenching and significant re‐illumination, which undermine bioimaging accuracy. Herein, through structural modifications to reinforce the hydrophobicity, planarity and rigidity of fluorophores with an aza‐BODIPY framework, probes featuring absolute ACQ (aACQ) and negligible re‐illumination are developed and evaluated in various nanocarriers. aACQ probes, FD‐B21 and FD‐C7, exhibit near‐infrared emission, high quantum yield, photostability, water sensitivity, and negligible re‐illumination in blood, plasma and 1% Tween‐80 in contrast to ACQ probe P2 and conventional probe DiR. All nanocarriers can be labeled efficiently by the tested fluorophores. Polymeric micelles (PMs) labeled by different aACQ probes manifest similar biodistribution patterns, which however differ from that of DiR‐labeled PMs and could be ascribed to the appreciable re‐illumination of DiR. Significantly lower re‐illumination is also found in aACQ probes (2%–3%) than DiR (20%–40%) in Caco‐2, Hela, and Raw264.7 cells. Molecular dynamics simulations unravel the molecular mechanisms behind aggregation and re‐illumination, supporting the hypothesis of planarity dependency. It is concluded that aACQ fluorophores demonstrate excellent water sensitivity and negligible fluorescence re‐illumination, making themselves useful tools for more accurate bioimaging of nanocarriers.
Modeling filtered heat transfer model by considering dimensionless temperature difference between gas and solid phases
Authors: Li Yu , Han Sen , Yu Yaxiong , He Xieyu , Huang Zheqing , Zhou Qiang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractComputational fluid dynamics–discrete element method is used to simulate gas–solid flows with heat transfer. The strategy of repetitively resetting the gas phase temperature is adopted to maintain the temperature difference between the gas and solid phases. The difference between the heat transfer characteristics produced by this strategy and the traditional heat source method is analyzed. It is found that heat transfer in dense regions is artificially enhanced by the heat source method. Therefore, the results obtained by the temperature reset method are filtered to develop a three‐marker model for the filtered interphase heat transfer coefficient (IHTC). In the developed model, the filtered gas–solid temperature difference is nondimensionalized by the average gas–solid temperature difference in surrounding grids, which is shown to have an impact on the filtered IHTC. The developed model is demonstrated to be effective and accurate in both a prior and a posterior tests.
Separation of vanadium and tungsten in roasting‐acid leaching solutions of the spent selective catalytic reducing denitration catalyst by co‐extraction using hydroxyoxime extractant‐quaternary ammonium salt extractant LIX984–N263 extractant
Authors: Liu Shunliang , Feng Yali , Li Haoran 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study presents a synergistic extraction and recovery of vanadium and tungsten by mixed extractants (LIX984 and N263) from an acid leaching solution which was obtained from spent denitrification catalysts by chlorination heat treatment and acid leaching. Through thrice counter‐flow extraction, 99.5% V and 99.7% W were extracted, while 3.0% Fe, 2.9% Ti, 2.1% P, and 3.3% Mg were co‐extracted at a LIX984:N263 volume content of 22.0%, the phase ratio of 2.5 and the mother liquor's pH of 2.5. Then, at 0.80 mol/l NaOH and a phase ratio of 1, 99.9% tungsten and 99.1% vanadium were stripped from the organic phase to the aqueous phase. Subsequently, the aqueous phase's tungsten of 99.3% and vanadium of 98.1% were separated as calcium tungstate and ammonium metavanadate, respectively. In contrast, the residual solutions containing tungsten and vanadium can be returned to the following purification separation process to recover the valuable metals from the solution. Roasting converts the precipitated calcium tungstate and ammonium metavanadate to V2O5 and WO3 products. In addition, the thermodynamic analysis found the separation and recovery of tungsten and vanadium from the acid leach solution with LIX984:N263 to be an exothermic process. This method can be effectively extended for the separation of vanadium and tungsten from spent denitrification catalysts by the proposed process and validates the conclusion that metals with similar properties can be extracted using a mixture of extractants.
Inconsistent expression of the gigas effect in polyploidOxalis
Authors: Becker Frederik W. , Oberlander Kenneth C. , Trávníček Pavel , Dreyer Léanne L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPremiseIt is well‐known that whole genome duplication (WGD) has played a significant role in the evolution of plants. The best‐known phenotypic effect of WGD is the gigas effect, or the enlargement of polyploid plant traits. WGD is often linked with increased weediness, which could be a result of fitness advantages conferred by the gigas effect. As a result, the gigas effect could potentially explain polyploid persistence and abundance. We test whether a gigas effect is present in the polyploid‐rich geophyteOxalis, at both organ and cellular scales.MethodsWe measured traits in conspecific diploid and polyploid accessions of 24 species across the genus. In addition, we measured the same and additional traits in 20 populations of the weedy and highly ploidy‐variable speciesOxalis purpureaL., including measures of clonality and selfing as a proxy for weediness. Ploidy level was determined using flow cytometry.ResultsWe found substantial variation and no consistent ploidy‐related size difference, both between and within species, and across traits.Oxalis purpureapolyploids did, however, produce significantly more underground biomass and more bulbils than diploids, consistent with a potential role of WGD in the weediness of this species.ConclusionsOur results suggest a more nuanced role for the gigas effect, at least inOxalis. It may be temporary, short‐lived, and inconsistently expressed and retained on evolutionary time scales, but in the short term can contribute to lineage success via increased vegetative reproduction.
The immune system in multiple myeloma and precursor states: Lessons and implications for immunotherapy and interception
Authors: Dhodapkar Madhav V. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) and its precursor monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) are distinct disorders that likely originate in the setting of chronic immune activation. Evolution of these lesions is impacted by cross‐talk with both innate and adaptive immune systems of the host. Harnessing the immune system may, therefore, be an attractive strategy to prevent clinical malignancy. While clinical MM is characterized by both regional and systemic immune suppression and paresis, immune‐based approaches, particularly redirecting T cells have shown remarkable efficacy in MM patients. Optimal application and sequencing of these new immune therapies and their integration into clinical MM management may depend on the underlying immune status, in turn impacted by host, tumor, and environmental features. Immune therapies carry the potential to achieve durable unmaintained responses and cures in MM.
An Expedient Iodine‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Thiosulfonates by Sulfonylation of Thiols using Sulfonyl hydrazides in the Presence of Oxone
Authors: Yadav Navin , Payra Soumen , Narasimha Moorthy Jarugu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA metal‐free and green iodine‐catalyzed protocol is described herein for the synthesis of unsymmetrical thiosulfonates by sulfonylation of thiols using I2/Oxone. It's shown that oxidative cross‐coupling of thiyl radicals with sulfonyl radicals – generated from thiols and sulfonyl hydrazides, respectively, by the redox chemistry between thiol/Oxone and I2/Oxone – occurs in a facile manner at rt, providing access to unsymmetrical thiosulfonates. Diverse unsymmetrical thiosulfonates are synthesized in good‐to‐excellent isolated yields by the reactions of aryl/(hetero)aryl/alkyl thiols with a variety of aryl/(hetero)aryl/alkyl/benzyl sulfonyl hydrazides. The protocol can be further extended to the synthesis of alkyl/aryl sulfonate esters by the reactions of sulfonyl hydrazides with alcohols/phenols using I2/Oxone.