bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Noninvasive Method for Monitoring Breathing Patterns in Nonhuman Primates Using a Nasal Thermosensor
Authors: Kunimatsu Jun , Akiyama Yusuke , Toyoshima Osamu , Matsumoto Masayuki 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRespiration is strongly linked to internal states such as arousal, emotion, and even cognitive processes and provides objective biological information to estimate these states in humans and animals. However, the measurement of respiration has not been established in macaque monkeys, which have been widely used as model animals for understanding various higher brain functions. In the present study, we developed a method to monitor the respiration of behaving monkeys. We first measured the temperature of their nasal breathing, which changes between inspiration and expiration phases, in an anesthetized condition and estimated the respiration pattern. We compared the estimated pattern with that obtained by a conventional chest band method that has been used in humans and applied to anesthetized, but not behaving, monkeys. These respiration patterns matched well, suggesting that the measurement of nasal air temperature can be used to monitor the respiration of monkeys. Furthermore, we confirmed that the respiration frequency in behaving monkeys monitored by the measurement of nasal air temperature was not affected by the orofacial movement of licking to obtain the liquid reward. We next examined the frequency of respiration when they listened to music or white noise. The respiratory frequency was higher when the monkeys listened to music than the noise. This result is consistent with a phenomenon in humans and indicates the accuracy of our monitoring method. These data suggest that the measurement of nasal air temperature enables us to monitor the respiration of behaving monkeys and thereby estimate their internal states.
Tree Shrews as an Animal Model for Studying Perceptual Decision-Making Reveal a Critical Role of Stimulus-Independent Processes in Guiding Behavior
Authors: Li Chuiwen , McHaney Kara M. , Sederberg Per B. , Cang Jianhua 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDecision-making is an essential cognitive process by which we interact with the external world. However, attempts to understand the neural mechanisms of decision-making are limited by the current available animal models and the technologies that can be applied to them. Here, we build on the renewed interest in using tree shrews (Tupaia belangeri) in vision research and provide strong support for them as a model for studying visual perceptual decision-making. Tree shrews learned very quickly to perform a two-alternative forced choice contrast discrimination task, and they exhibited differences in response time distributions depending on the reward and punishment structure of the task. Specifically, they made occasional fast guesses when incorrect responses are punished by a constant increase in the interval between trials. This behavior was suppressed when faster incorrect responses were discouraged by longer intertrial intervals. By fitting the behavioral data with two variants of racing diffusion decision models, we found that the between-trial delay affected decision-making by modulating the drift rate of a time accumulator. Our results thus provide support for the existence of an internal process that is independent of the evidence accumulation in decision-making and lay a foundation for future mechanistic studies of perceptual decision-making using tree shrews.
Parallel Pathways Provide Hippocampal Spatial Information to Prefrontal Cortex
Authors: Messanvi Kokoe Fany , Berkun Kathleen , Perkins Aster , Chudasama Yogita 
Published: November 2022

Long-range synaptic connections define how information flows through neuronal networks. Here, we combined retrograde and anterograde trans-synaptic viruses to delineate areas that exert direct and indirect influence over the dorsal and ventral prefrontal cortex (PFC) of the rat (both sexes). Notably, retrograde tracing using pseudorabies virus (PRV) revealed that both dorsal and ventral areas of the PFC receive prominent disynaptic input from the dorsal CA3 (dCA3) region of the hippocampus. The PRV experiments also identified candidate anatomical relays for this disynaptic pathway, namely, the ventral hippocampus, lateral septum, thalamus, amygdala, and basal forebrain. To determine the viability of each of these relays, we performed three additional experiments. In the first, we injected the retrograde monosynaptic tracer Fluoro-Gold into the PFC and the anterograde monosynaptic tracer Fluoro-Ruby into the dCA3 to confirm the first-order connecting areas and revealed several potential relay regions between the PFC and dCA3. In the second, we combined PRV injection in the PFC with polysynaptic anterograde viral tracer (HSV-1) in the dCA3 to reveal colabeled connecting neurons, which were evident only in the ventral hippocampus. In the third, we combined retrograde adeno-associated virus (AAV) injections in the PFC with an anterograde AAV in the dCA3 to reveal anatomical relay neurons in the ventral hippocampus and dorsal lateral septum. Together, these findings reveal parallel disynaptic pathways from the dCA3 to the PFC, illuminating a new anatomical framework for understanding hippocampal–prefrontal interactions. We suggest that the representation of context and space may be a universal feature of prefrontal function.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe known functions of the prefrontal cortex are shaped by input from multiple brain areas. We used transneuronal viral tracing to discover multiple prominent disynaptic pathways through which the dorsal hippocampus (specifically, the dorsal CA3) has the potential to shape the actions of the prefrontal cortex. The demonstration of neuronal relays in the ventral hippocampus and lateral septum presents a new foundation for understanding long-range influences over prefrontal interactions, including the specific contribution of the dorsal CA3 to prefrontal function.
Immunohistochemical Evaluation of BARX1, DLX4, FOXE1, HOXB3, and MSX2 in Non-syndromic Cleft-affected Tissue
Authors: Vaivads Mārtiņš , Akota Ilze , Pilmane Māra 
Published: November 2022

Background: Nonsyndromic craniofacial clefts are relatively common congenital malformations which could create a significant negative effect on the health status and life quality of affected individuals within the pediatric population. Multiple cleft candidate genes and their coded proteins have been described with their possible involvement during cleft formation. Some of these proteins like Homeobox Protein BarH-like 1 (BARX1), Distal-Less Homeobox 4 (DLX4), Forkhead Box E1 (FOXE1), Homeobox Protein Hox-B3 (HOXB3), and Muscle Segment Homeobox 2 (MSX2) have been associated with the formation of craniofacial clefts. Understanding the pathogenetic mechanisms of nonsyndromic craniofacial cleft formation could provide a better knowledge in cleft management and could be a possible basis for development and improvement of cleft treatment options. This study investigates the presence of BARX1, DLX4, FOXE1, HOXB3, and MSX2 positive cells by using immunohistochemistry in different types of cleft-affected tissue while determining their possible connection with cleft pathogenesis process.Materials and Methods: Craniofacial cleft tissue material was obtained during cleft-correcting surgery from patients with nonsyndromic craniofacial cleft diagnosis. Tissue material was gathered from patients who had unilateral cleft lip (n=36), bilateral cleft lip (n=13), and cleft palate (n=26). Control group (n=7) tissue material was received from individuals without any craniofacial clefts. The number of factor positive cells in the control group and patient group tissue was evaluated by using the semiquantitative counting method. Data was evaluated with the use of nonparametric statistical methods.Results: Statistically significant differences were identified between the number of BARX1, FOXE1, HOXB3, and MSX2-containing cells in controls and cleft patient groups but no statistically significant difference was found for DLX4. Statistically significant correlations between the evaluated factors were also notified in cleft patient groups.Conclusions: HOXB3 could be more associated with morphopathogenesis of unilateral cleft lip during postnatal course of the disorder. FOXE1 and BARX1 could be involved with both unilateral and bilateral cleft lip morphopathogenesis. The persistence of MSX2 in all evaluated cleft types could indicate its possible interaction within multiple cleft types. DLX4 most likely is not involved with postnatal cleft morphopathogenesis process.
Construction of neighbourhood centres with high-quality supply in existing communities
Authors: Zheng Yunyang , Qu Ting , Ning Jiaxiang 
Published: November 2022

The acceleration of China's urbanisation process has led to an imbalance in development between the new and the old areas in the city. This problem can generally be attributed to the growing number of new residential area projects in short supply in the existing communities, the construction scale of the existing communities, the low degree of intensive land use and the inadequate living facilities in the neighbourhood. As a new community service model, a neighbourhood centre can be a good solution. It can be applied to the community commercial construction of new residential areas as well as the transformation of existing communities. It not only meets the diversified needs of residents, but also improves the quality of life and urban environment. Therefore, with the background of old city reconstruction, combined with the ‘Xiangnan Bafang neighbourhood centre’ project, this paper presents and establishes a set of effective neighbourhood centre construction modes for the reconstruction of old residential areas from the perspectives of the core elements of high-quality supply, the compound development of the ground and the underground, and the co-operation mode with the government and enterprises.
Self-Focused Attention, Awareness and use of Social Media as Determinants of Social Well-Being of LIS Postgraduate Students in Nigerian Universities
Authors: Nduka Stella Chinnaya , Popoola Sunday Olanrewaju 
Published: November 2022

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of self-focused attention, awareness and use of social media on the social well-being of library and information science postgraduate students in universities in Nigeria. The study employed a survey research design of the correlational type. The study population comprised 919 LIS postgraduate students from 16 universities offering library and information science programmes at the postgraduate level. A total enumeration technique was used to cover all the 919 postgraduate students, 742 respondents filled and returned the questionnaire, given a response rate of 81%. The study established that self-focused, awareness and use of social media had a joint effect on the social well-being of the respondents. Also, there was a significant joint effect of self-focused attention, awareness and use of social media on the social well-being of the respondents. The study further revealed that the level of social well-being of the respondents was moderate. The study concluded that LIS postgraduate students’ social well-being levels should be improved through self-focused attention, awareness and use of social media. Therefore, lecturers, heads of library schools, health and university management are advised to pay attention to the social well-being of the students so that they can function effectively in any academic setting and society.
Short-Range Recordings of Shallow Underwater Explosions with Short-Period and Broadband Seismometers in the Bay of Hyères, France
Authors: Bonnin Mickaël , Mercerat E. Diego , Beucler Éric , Favretto-Cristini Nathalie , Deschamps Anne , Ambrois David , Garlan Thierry 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
This study presents the analysis of the seismic records of eight underwater explosions triggered by the French Navy Mine Warfare Office in December 2018 in the Bay of Hyères, southeast France. The explosions (charges of 80–680 kg TNT-equivalent) were recorded by 17 temporary stations composed of medium-to-broadband velocimeters and accelerometers and of microelectromechanical systems accelerometers with sampling rates of 250 or 500 samples per second, installed at less than 10 km from the sources. The relatively high sampling rates used in this study allow us to observe, at the same time, seismic, hydroacoustic, and acoustic signals at the shore. This experiment offers a unique opportunity to investigate the impact at the shore, and in the water, of relatively large-charge weight detonations as well as of the amplification effects of the sedimentary cover. We notably see that the hydroacoustic signal is, at the rocky sites, the most energetic wavepacket recorded, and that its observation seems to be conditioned by the bathymetry and the seabed sedimentary cover. We also show that the hydroacoustic phase can be advantageously used to precisely estimate the location and origin time of the explosions. Finally, analyses of the spectrum and site response along the shore and at a bell tower on the Porquerolles Island provide interesting insights on the mitigation of the possible nuisance caused at the shore by the disposal of unexploded historical ordnance.
Background Seismicity Monitoring to Prepare for Large-Scale CO2 Storage Offshore Norway
Authors: Zarifi Zoya , Köhler Andreas , Ringrose Philip , Ottemöller Lars , Furre Anne-Kari , Hansteen Fredrik , Jerkins Annie , Oye Volker , Dehghan Niri Roya , Bakke Roger 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPrior to planned CO2 injection startup in the Horda platform offshore western Norway, in 2024, the Horda Network project has taken several measures to assess the potential of seismic hazard in the area. A study of the fault-plane solutions in the Horda platform region confirms that the direction of maximum horizontal stress is dominantly northwest–southeast to east–west over the entire area. The relative stress ratio is higher in the southeast near the Norwegian craton and lower in the northwest. Analysis of the catalog of seismicity (in the period of 2001–2021) in the Horda platform region suggests a moderate rate of seismicity with a b-value of ∼1. The magnitude of completeness is 1.5 (ML). One of the main challenges in monitoring offshore earthquakes in the Norwegian continental shelf (NCS) is the lack of azimuthal coverage when using the onshore permanent seismic stations from the Norwegian National Seismic Network (NNSN), located to the east of offshore events. To improve the azimuthal coverage, we integrated a limited number of offshore geophones from permanent reservoir monitoring systems of selected oil and gas fields (Grane and Oseberg on NCS) with the onshore NNSN seismic stations. This integration is challenging because of the level of ambient noise in the offshore geophones. To further improve the detection and location capability, we deployed a nine-element onshore array of broadband seismometers (HNAR) on Holnsnøy island to the east of the Horda platform. By incorporating array processing methods on HNAR, the signal-to-noise ratio is improved, and several previously uncataloged earthquakes could be detected. Offshore sensors are often subject to correlated noise from seismic interferences and platform or shipping noise sources, so we also incorporated array processing for selected geophones from offshore deployments, which greatly reduced such noise and hence improved the event detection.
Limitación en Chile de la emigración de las madres custodias junto a sus hijos y/o hijas: ¿una exigencia del principio del interés superior?
Authors: Mondaca Alexis Alberto 
Published: November 2022

El presente artículo tiene por objetivo estudiar la limitación que se aprecia en Chile con respecto a la posibilidad de emigrar de las madres custodias. Lo anterior, en los supuestos de solicitudes de autorizaciones judiciales para efectos de emigraciones al extranjero de las referidas madres, las que se proyecta llevar a cabo en compañía de sus hijos y/o hijas. Se plantea que tales emigraciones pueden ser fuente de una serie de beneficios desde el punto de vista del principio del interés superior del niño, la niña o el adolescente. Además, se afirma que la restricción a las mencionadas emigraciones puede ocasionar una vulneración del principio del libre desarrollo de la personalidad de las madres custodias. Finalmente, se analiza la posibilidad de establecer un régimen comunicacional con el padre no custodio que contemple la utilización de las formas modernas de comunicación.
La impugnación administrativa en la nueva ley migratoria chilena
Authors: Harris Moya Pedro 
Published: November 2022

La entrada en vigor de la Ley N° 21.325 en Chile el año 2021 no solo ha innovado en los recursos contenciosos o acciones en materia de migración y extranjería, lo ha hecho también, y sobre todo, con relación al régimen de los recursos administrativos al exceptuar en un doble sentido sus reglas generales. En efecto, mientras que, por un lado, el legislador chileno ha extendido la eficacia de tales mecanismos de impugnación al ejercerse contra actos no expulsivos (habiendo sido establecida su compatibilidad con otras vías recursivas y, asimismo, consagrada la suspensión de los efectos de los actos impugnados); por el otro, ha excluido su aplicación si ellos son interpuestos en contra de una medida de expulsión. La apariencia favorable al recurrente del primer aspecto y desfavorable del segundo, sin embargo, debe matizarse. La eficacia del recurso administrativo contra actos no expulsivos puede acarrear restricciones de derechos para el reclamante, en atención a ciertos criterios interpretativos desarrollados por la jurisprudencia chilena.Asimismo, la ineficacia de dichas vías ante actos expulsivos bien puede restringirse, en vista a las garantías constitucionales que subyacen al ejercicio de estos medios impugnatorios.edios impugnatorios.
Autoría mediata por aparatos organizados de poder y coautoría en el ámbito empresarial: ¿solución frente a las limitaciones del derecho chileno para castigar como autores a los órganos directivos de las empresas?
Authors: Contreras Chaimovich Lautaro Camilo , Castro Morales Álvaro 
Published: November 2022

En el derecho chileno, se presentan dificultades a la hora de imputar responsabilidad penal como autores a los órganos directivos empresariales que imparten órdenes a sus subalternos para que cometan delitos dolosos de dominio, lo que se explica por un entramado de razones dogmáticas y de derecho positivo. Así, conforme al «modelo de imputación penal individual», es autor directo de un delito quien lleva a cabo la conducta típica personalmente. Como en el ámbito empresarial existe una escisión entre las actividades de ejecución y la toma de decisiones, los órganos directivos no acostumbran realizar ellos mismos la respectiva conducta típica y, consiguientemente, no responden como autores directos. Tampoco será frecuente que realicen contribuciones de coautoría en el sentido del artículo 15, numerales 1 y 3 del Código Penal chileno. Por otra parte, será inusual que utilicen instrumentos no plenamente responsables para la comisión de un delito, quedando fuera de consideración una autoría mediata, razón por la que los órganos directivos empresariales solo podrán responder como inductores. Adicionalmente, el planteamiento de la jurisprudencia alemana, según el cual es posible extender al campo empresarial la figura del dominio de organización para así castigar como autores mediatos a los órganos superiores que dictan instrucciones antijurídicas, no puede acogerse en el derecho chileno. Por último, las propuestas doctrinarias para hacerresponsables como coautores a los directivos que ordenan a sus subordinados la comisión de delitos tampoco pueden aceptarse.
Estilos de enseñanza de los docentes de distintas carreras de nivel superior vinculadas con las ciencias naturales
Authors: Laudadío Julieta , Mazzitelli Claudia 
Published: November 2022

Los estilos de enseñanza manifiestan las preferencias en los modos de enseñar de los docentes, las cuales suponen determinadas concepciones de enseñanza (Heimlich & Norland, 2002). La identificación de los estilos de enseñanza es el punto de partida para reflexionar acerca de las prácticas de enseñanza y la coherencia entre la concepción teórica y el modo concreto de enseñar. El objetivo del presente trabajo es identificar los estilos de enseñanza predominantes en docentes de distintas carrera de nivel superior vinculadas con las ciencias naturales, y analizarlas en relación con la orientación de la carrera. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian la necesidad de reflexionar acerca de las características de la formación docente y sobre la importancia de la integración entre la formación disciplinar y la pedagógica.
Computación ubicua en la escuela. Estudio de caso sobre el proyecto de implementación de tablet en la educación primaria «EduTablettes-86» – Francia
Authors: Espinoza Bueno José María 
Published: November 2022

La investigación realizada se enmarca dentro de un estudio de carácter exploratorio que se centra en la observación y el análisis de la integración de la tablet en el aula escolar, y que forma parte del proyecto «EduTablettes-86» (Poitiers-Francia). Este trabajo aborda la «computación pervasiva» o «computación ubicua» como enfoque que permite entender la orientación de la tecnología y su relación con el uso de la tablet en el ámbito escolar; se emplea como referencia la teoría de la «acción situada» que hace posible el estudio de la tablet en su contexto de aplicación, e incorpora la noción de la comunicación «hombre-máquina» para comprender y reflexionar sobre la interacción: profesor-alumno-tablet. Se hizo uso de la «etnometodología» como método que permite entender la organización y estructuración de una sesión de clase.
Non Tsinitibo: juegos del pueblo shipibo-konibo y su uso pedagógico
Authors: Monteluisa Gamaniel , Valera Verena , Frisancho Susana , Frech Hans , Delgado Enrique 
Published: November 2022

En este artículo argumentamos a favor del juego como un espacio fundamental para el desarrollo humano y una herramienta necesaria para la construcción de sociedades interculturales y democráticas. Luego de un breve marco conceptual en el que se presenta el juego como un factor de desarrollo y se aborda la relación que este tiene con los procesos pedagógicos, presentamos una recopilación de juegos del pueblo shipibo-konibo, pueblo indígena de la Amazonía del Perú, y algunas ideas para su aprovechamiento como herramienta educativa. La idea general del artículo es reflexionar sobre cómo el juego infantil constituye un proceso que no se pude soslayar si se quiere contribuir a desarrollar individuos y sociedades interculturales, justas e inclusivas.
Fistula Coronary and Coronary Steal Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Handari Saskia , Lestari Puspa 
Published: November 2022

Background: A coronary artery fistula (CAF) is an aberrant vascular contact of coronary arteries with cardiac chambers or any section of the pulmonary or systemic circulation, which accounts for 0.3% of congenital heart disorders. CAFs have been observed to be as common as 0.9% at computed tomographic (CT) angiography, which is greater than the previously estimated prevalence of 0.002 – 0.3% at invasive angiography.
Case Summary: A 76-year-old woman reported with repeated episodes of chest pain. A considerable diameter of fistula from the proximal LAD and proximal RCA to the MPA was discovered on CT angiography, which could be the cause of coronary steal syndrome. Microflex10 7 mm/22 cm was used to perform coil embolization at the proximal RCA. After the procedure, the patient had no more chest pain.
Discussion: CT angiography is usefsul for determining coronary architecture and guiding therapeutic intervention. CAF data was gathered during pre- and post-procedural CT angiography evaluations.
Keyword: Fistula coronary, coronary steal syndrome, CCTA, percutaneous coil embolization