bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genu Valgum, Fractures, and Renal Stones in a 10-year-old Girl
Authors: Christensen Stephanie , Loomba Lindsey A 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Rickets is a disorder of impaired bone mineralization that can arise from nutritional deficiencies and inherited conditions. We describe a 10-year-old girl presenting with genu valgum and a history of renal stones due to hereditary hypophosphatemic rickets with hypercalciuria (HHRH), a rare inherited form of rickets characterized by high 1,25 vitamin D levels, hypophosphatemia with inappropriate renal phosphate wasting, and hypercalciuria. After the diagnosis was confirmed, she began treatment with phosphorus supplementation and stopped taking vitamin D, leading to improved bone mineral density and reduction in renal symptoms. Patients with HHRH can be distinguished from those with other forms of hypophosphatemic rickets by their high 1,25 vitamin D levels in conjunction with low to normal parathyroid hormone and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) levels. Genetic testing for SLC34A3 variants provides a definitive diagnosis.
Pit viper thermography: the pit organ used by crotaline snakes to detect thermal contrast has poor spatial resolution
Authors: Clark Rulon W. , Bakken George S. , Reed Evan J. , Soni Ashana 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
Pit vipers detect infrared radiation by means of temperature contrasts created on their pit organ membranes. Signals from pit organs integrate with visual signals in the optic tectum, leading to the conjecture that the facial pits operate as an extension of the visual system. Because similar mechanisms underlie thermal imaging technology, imagery from thermal cameras is often used to infer how pit vipers perceive their environment. However, pit organs lack a focusing mechanism, and biophysical models predict that pit organs should have poor spatial resolution compared with thermal imaging cameras. Nevertheless, behavioral studies occasionally suggest pits may have better resolution than predicted by biophysical models, indicating that processing in the central nervous system may improve imaging. To estimate the spatial resolution of the neural image informing behavior, we recorded snake responses evoked by targets moving across backgrounds composed of two contrasting temperatures with an average temperature equal to the target temperature. An unresolved background would appear uniform; thus, the target would be detectable only if the background pattern were resolved. Western rattlesnakes (Crotalus oreganus) displayed no statistically significant responses to targets presented in front of patterned backgrounds, regardless of the temperature contrasts or spatial frequencies within the background, but responded strongly to targets presented in front of homogeneous backgrounds. We found no evidence that the pit organ system can resolve spatial details subtending an angle of 9 deg or less. We discuss the implications of these results for understanding pit organ function in ecologically relevant habitats with thermal heterogeneity.
Terpolymer-Based Anion Exchange Membranes: Effect of Pendent Hexyl Groups on Membranes Properties
Authors: Ozawa Yoshihiro , Miyatake Kenji 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In the pursuit of better functioning anion exchange membranes, pendent hexyl side chains were introduced onto terpolymers composed of perfluorohexylene (PHB), hexafluoroisopylidene (BAF), and quaternized fluorene groups. The resulting QBPHBA membranes exhibited similar water absorbability and gas (hydrogen and oxygen) permeability to those of the previous terpolymer-based AEMs without aliphatic side chains. In contrast, hexyl groups contributed to improving the OH− conductivity. The highest OH− conductivity (163 mS cm−1 at 80 °C) was achieved with the QBPHBA membrane with 2.49 meq. g−1 of ion exchange capacity (IEC). Furthermore, mechanical properties were also improved; the strain at break increased from 12% (BAF-containing copolymer membrane) to 284%. The terpolymer composition for the best-balanced properties turned out to be 17 mol% of the side-chain substituted PHB groups, in particular, with high IEC (2.49 meq. g−1).
Brain-based learning in design and visual arts education: a bibliometric assessment of Scopus indexed literature
Authors: El-Wakeel Hala A. , Abdellatif Reham , Eldardiry Dalia Hussain , Al-Saleh Deema F. , Shukri Mai I. , Ansari Khadeeja M N 
Published: December 2022

Background: This study aims to critically review, quantify, and assess research outcomes on brain-based learning with an evidence-based study on Scopus indexed literature, with a focus to understand the evolution structure and growth, detect trends, subject development, and most importantly, identify the gaps in the published body of literature that relates brain-based learning to design and visual arts education. Methods: Various scientometric tools were used to map, visualize, and analyze 186 research publications, indexed in Scopus in a twenty-year timespan ‘2001-2021’. Annual publication trends, relevant sources, prolific authors, authorship patterns, productive organizations and countries, funding agencies, keyword co-occurrence analysis, and thematic evolution mapping on brain-based learning publications were examined in this study. Results: Despite the significance to apply brain-based learning strategies in design and visual arts education to boost students’ knowledge and creative skills, the findings show a decline in quantities and growth patterns in brain-based learning research directed towards design disciplines in the past twenty years. Among the identified (186) documents published in (128) sources, with (1013) citations, the study detected only (57) research (30%) that were related to ‘design education,’ including those focusing on ‘instructional design, ‘and ‘syllabus design’ whereas only (3) articles were in ‘design and visual arts’ disciplines. Conclusion: These rather small numbers reflect the big gap in the current body of literature that associates brain-based learning with creativity-based disciplines, specifically in design and visual arts education. This infers the necessity to direct the attention of academics, researchers, and educationalists in the fields of design and arts towards brain-based learning applications, research and pedagogy.
EVALUATION OF STUDENTS’ OPINION ON THEIR INVOLVEMENT IN THE ELECTORAL PROCESS IN KOSOVO
Authors: Kadriu Arian Besnik , Marmilova Ekaterina 
Published: December 2022

The study explores the possibilities of increasing the involvement of young voters in the electoral process. It assesses the involvement of youth in the electoral process based on the responses of students majoring in Political Science and Jurisprudence in Kosovo. In-depth interviews were conducted as it is believed that the students in these areas are novice experts in the field of political science and jurisprudence. The research was conducted at UBT College is based in Prishtina, where students from different municipalities attain their higher education. It helps in identifying general trends in the country. The total number of students in each course is 80, every second student took part in the in-depth interview. As a part of the study, it is required to confirm whether the demographic characteristics of respondents influence their participation in elections. The results of the study showed that majority of the respondents were females, in the age group of 18-24 years, currently living in Pristina and are studying at the university. In Kosovo there is a high involvement of youth in the elections (57.5%), students participating in elections strive to change the future of their country (34.8%). However, it is possible to increase voters’ turnout among youth by increasing their interest in elections (23.6%), aligning party programs and candidates with the political interests of the voters (17.5%), and by considering the reasons why the voter cannot come to the polling station on the election day (11.8%). Conclusions: The results indicate high electoral activity among youth. In view of the findings, there is an opportunity to increase the involvement of young voters in the electoral process, and to increase voters’ turnout rate among young people in Kosovo. The results of the study in Kosovo are compared with the results of a similar research in Russia. It is believed that in Kosovo youth participation in elections is seen as an opportunity to influence political decisions, bring changes in the political course of the country. The study also concludes that participation in elections is influenced by demographic characteristics of the respondents. It is identified that in future, no successful party can afford to neglect the category of young and female voters.
Concerns surrounding application of artificial intelligence in hip and knee arthroplasty
Authors: Polisetty Teja S. , Jain Samagra , Pang Michael , Karnuta Jaret M. , Vigdorchik Jonathan M. , Nawabi Danyal H. , Wyles Cody C. , Ramkumar Prem N. 
Published: December 2022

Literature surrounding artificial intelligence (AI)-related applications for hip and knee arthroplasty has proliferated. However, meaningful advances that fundamentally transform the practice and delivery of joint arthroplasty are yet to be realized, despite the broad range of applications as we continue to search for meaningful and appropriate use of AI. AI literature in hip and knee arthroplasty between 2018 and 2021 regarding image-based analyses, value-based care, remote patient monitoring, and augmented reality was reviewed. Concerns surrounding meaningful use and appropriate methodological approaches of AI in joint arthroplasty research are summarized. Of the 233 AI-related orthopaedics articles published, 178 (76%) constituted original research, while the rest consisted of editorials or reviews. A total of 52% of original AI-related research concerns hip and knee arthroplasty (n = 92), and a narrative review is described. Three studies were externally validated. Pitfalls surrounding present-day research include conflating vernacular (“AI/machine learning”), repackaging limited registry data, prematurely releasing internally validated prediction models, appraising model architecture instead of inputted data, withholding code, and evaluating studies using antiquated regression-based guidelines. While AI has been applied to a variety of hip and knee arthroplasty applications with limited clinical impact, the future remains promising if the question is meaningful, the methodology is rigorous and transparent, the data are rich, and the model is externally validated. Simple checkpoints for meaningful AI adoption include ensuring applications focus on: administrative support over clinical evaluation and management; necessity of the advanced model; and the novelty of the question being answered. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2022;104-B(12):1292–1303.
Understanding Characteristics and Predictors of Admission From the Emergency Department for Patients With Intellectual Disability
Authors: Acosta Elisha M. , Dongarwar Deepa , Everett Tara , Salihu Hamisu M. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The goal of this investigation is to compare rates of admission from the emergency department (ED) and the characteristics of patients with intellectual disability (ID) who get admitted from the ED. This was a retrospective study using data from the United States' Nationwide Emergency Data Sample (NEDS) to investigate the associations between the diagnosis of ID and admission to the hospital in patients ≥ 18 years during the years 2016–2017. Adults with ID were almost four times as likely to be admitted to the hospital from the ED as patients who were not identified as having ID. Identifying the major contributors to increased admission for patients with ID may help improve their care.
Line-shaped laser lithography for efficient fabrication of large-area subwavelength nanogratings
Authors: Xu Kang , Huang Lingyu , Xu Shaolin 
Published: December 2022

Subwavelength nanogratings for optical modulation have attracted significant attention for efficient large-area fabrication. We developed a far-field laser nanofabrication method, called line-shaped laser lithography, to ablate thin films with separated line-shaped ultrafast laser pulses on substrates into multiple nanogratings. The millimeter pulse length and high-speed scanning for a single-pulse ablation ensure exceptionally high large-area fabrication efficiency. Moreover, nanogratings with a sub-100 nm linewidth (e.g., a 57 nm linewidth (

∼

λ

/

9

) nanograting on 10 nm Au film) were generated based on the Marangoni effect. An ultra-uniform large-area (

6

×

15

m
m

2

) nanograting with a width of 132 nm and a length-to-width ratio of

∼

45

,

500

was achieved in only 1.5 s. In particular, diversified nanogratings can be obtained by designing scanning strategies, including moiré, blaze-like, Dammann, and 2D nanogratings, revealing light modulations in diffraction and beam splitting.
Long-term validation of a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay for the rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 from March 2020 to October 2021 in Central Africa, Gabon
Authors: Abe Haruka , Ushijima Yuri , Bikangui Rodrigue , Ondo Georgelin Nguema , Moure Ayong , Yali-Assy-Oyamli Yoric , Yoshikawa Rokusuke , Lell Bertrand , Adegnika Ayola A. , Yasuda Jiro 
Published: December 2022

Background
Despite the development of several methods for diagnosing COVID-19, long-term validation of such methods remains limited. In the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, we developed a rapid and sensitive diagnostic method based on reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) methodology, which is suitable for point-of-care application or for use in resource-limited settings to detect SARS-CoV-2. To assess the applicability of the RT-LAMP assay technique to resource-limited regions, such as rural areas in Africa, and to verify the usability of the method against various SARS-CoV-2 variants, the method was validated using clinical samples collected longitudinally during the pandemic.

Methodology/Principal findings
First, the sensitivity of the RT-LAMP assay for detecting 10 SARS-CoV-2 variants was evaluated using viral RNA samples extracted from cell culture with a portable battery-supported device, resulting in the successful detection of 20–50 copies of the viral genome within 15 min, regardless of the variant. COVID-19 positive samples collected in Gabon between March 2020 and October 2021 were used to evaluate the sensitivity of the assay and to calculate the copy number of the SARS-CoV-2 genome. More than 292 copies of the viral genome were detected with 100% probability within 15 min in almost all tests.

Conclusions
This long-term validation study clearly demonstrated the applicability of the RT-LAMP assay for the clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 in resource-limited settings of Africa, such as rural areas in Gabon. The results show the potential of the assay as a promising COVID-19 diagnostic method, especially in rural and remote regions located far from the official diagnosis facilities in urban or semi-urban areas.
Acute effect of blueberry intake on vascular function in older subjects: Study protocol for a randomized, controlled, crossover trial
Authors: Del Bo’ Cristian , Tucci Massimiliano , Martini Daniela , Marino Mirko , Bertoli Simona , Battezzati Alberto , Porrini Marisa , Riso Patrizia 
Published: December 2022

Aging is associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease which is often accompanied by a decline in vascular health and function. Current evidence suggests that berries may have a potential role in the modulation of vascular function, but dietary interventions are still needed to confirm findings, especially in older subjects. In the context of the MIND FoodS HUB project, this study aims to investigate the effect of a single serving of blueberry (250 g of blueberry versus a control product) in a group of older subjects (≥ 60y) through a randomized, controlled, cross-over dietary intervention trial. Specifically, the study evaluates the absorption kinetics of bioactives following the blueberries intake and the effects on markers related to oxidative stress, inflammation, and vascular function analyzed at different time points. By considering a drop-out rate estimate of 25%, at least 20 subjects will be recruited in the study. The study will provide evidence to support the potential beneficial effects of blueberry and its bioactive compounds on vascular function in a group of population more susceptible to vascular dysfunction and to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, the study will contribute the analysis of several metabolic and functional markers that can support the biological plausibility of the results obtained. Finally, the trial will provide data on the absorption and metabolism of blueberry bioactives which will be used to study their association with the different markers under study.
Trail registration: The trial is registered at ISRCTN (http://isrctn.com/ISRCTN18262533); May 7, 2021.
Research on measurement indexes and evaluation for the collaborative efficiency of emergency information sharing in coastal cities of China
Authors: Jiang Zou , Xing Huang 
Published: December 2022

Background
The paper established indexes of coordination efficiency, the theoretical framework and operation mechanism of emergency information sharing for coastal cities of China.

Method
First of all, we analyzed the operational relationship between the participants of emergency information sharing and information transmission, and based on the collaborative theory, constructed the emergency information sharing framework and operational mechanism suitable for the actual disaster prevention and reduction of coastal cities. Around the 3 dimensions of emergency information sharing mechanism construction, resource guarantee ability and collaborative driving force of emergency information sharing, the paper proposed the evaluation index system and the evaluation method.

Results
The empirical results showed that the efficiency of emergency information sharing in coastal cities in China was generally low, and the contribution rate of the construction level of emergency information sharing mechanism is higher than that of the resource guarantee ability and the collaborative driving force of emergency information sharing, but the efficiency of emergency information sharing in coastal cities in China was still at the bottom level.

Conclusion
The research results provided theoretical basis and methods for the emergency management departments of coastal cities in China.
Event dependent overall survival in the population-based LIFE-Adult-Study
Authors: Zeynalova Samira , Rillich Katja , Linnebank Eike , Stegmann Tina , Brosig Michael , Reusche Matthias , Loeffler Markus 
Published: December 2022

Backround
Information about the direct comparability of big data of epidemiological cohort studies and the general population still is lacking, especially regarding all-cause mortality rates. The aim of this study was to investigate the overall survival and the influence of several diagnoses in the medical history on survival time, adjusted to common risk factors in a populations-based cohort.

Methods
From 10,000 subjects of the population-based cohort LIFE-Adult-Study (Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases), the medical history and typical risk factors such as age, smoking status and body-mass-index (BMI) were assessed. The survival status was identified from the saxonian population register. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine the influence of the medical history and risk factors on overall survival. To develope an optimal model, the method by Collet [1] was used.

Results
The mortality rate of the participants is approximately half the mortality rate expected for the german population. The selection bias in epidemiological studies needs to be considered whenever interpreting results of epidemiological cohort studies. Nevertheless we have shown that several diagnoses proved to have a negative influence on overall survival time even in this relatively healthy cohort. This study showed the significantly increased mortality risk if the following diseases are reported in medical history of the participants in a large population-based cohort study including adults aged 18 and over: diabetes mellitus (HR 1.533, p = 0.002), hypertension (HR 1.447, p = 0.005), liver cirrhosis (HR 4.251, p < 0.001), osteoporosis (HR 2.165, p = 0.011), chronic bronchitis (HR 2.179, p < 0.001), peptic ulcer disease (HR 1.531, p = 0.024) and cancer (HR 1.797, p < 0.001). Surprisingly, asthma has the opposite effect on survival time (HR 0.574, p = 0.024), but we believe this may be due to an overrepresentation of mild to moderate asthma and its management, which includes educating patients about a healthy lifestyle.

Conclusion
In the LIFE-Adult-Study, common risk factors and several diseases had relevant effect on overall survival. However, selection bias in epidemiological studies needs to be considered whenever interpreting results of epidemiological cohort studies. Nevertheless it was shown that the general cause-and-effect principles also apply in this relatively healthy cohort.
Mediation of the association between stigma and HIV status and fertility intention by fertility desire among heterosexual couples living with HIV in Kunming, China
Authors: Guo Yingwu , Wichaidit Wit , Du Yingrong , Liu Jun , Chongsuvivatwong Virasakdi 
Published: December 2022

Objectives
This study aimed to assess the influences of stigma and HIV status on reproductive intention among heterosexual couples living with HIV in China.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Kunming, China among 315 HIV-positive individuals and their spouses (n = 315 couples). An interview questionnaire was used to collect data on intention, desire, HIV Stigma Scale items, and HIV status. Dyadic fertility intention was examined using the actor-partner interdependence mediation model, based on the Traits-Desires-Intentions-Behavior framework.

Results
The husbands’ or wives’ internalized stigma had significant negative effects on their own fertility desire (β = −0.149, p<0.05 and β = −0.238, p<0.01, respectively). HIV-positive status of the husbands was weakly linked to their own fertility intention (β = −0.181, p<0.05). Husbands’ perceived provider stigma was associated with their own and their wives’ fertility intention via the mediating effect of their fertility desire (β = −0.374, p<0.001 and β = −0.203, p<0.01, respectively). The cumulative influence of their reproductive desire mediated the husband’s perceived provider stigma and the wife’s internalized stigma on their fertility intention.

Conclusions
Stigma and HIV status were associated with fertility intention among couples living with HIV, mediated by fertility desire. The high intra-couple correlation suggested that counseling should be conducted when both spouses are present together with extensive discussions on concerns regarding HIV-related stigma, potential discrepancies between each partner’s fertility desire and intention, and the influence of one partner on the other.