bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“You sure feel like you’re alone, kind of flailing away out there”: Family caregiver perspectives of caring for an individual with glioblastoma multiforme
Authors: Muasher-Kerwin Christy , Baumbach Abby , Liu Yujun , Hughes M. Courtney 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive form of brain cancer. Family caregivers of individuals with GBM must navigate a wide range of their care recipients’ physical, cognitive, and psychosocial deficits to provide effective care, which is both mentally and physically demanding. This study aimed to investigate the perspectives of family caregivers of GBM patients about the barriers and challenges they encounter when providing care to their care recipients.

Methods
Nineteen current and former family caregivers for individuals with GBM participated in semi-structured interviews from October 2023 through January 2024. We conducted interviews virtually and used applied thematic analysis to code transcripts to determine themes among participant responses.

Results
Three themes emerged from the interview analysis: (1) overwhelming caregiver burden, (2) difficulties coping with the caregiver role, and (3) gaps in caregiver support. These themes demonstrated a significant physical and mental toll on caregivers and a lack of time for engaging in coping strategies. The family caregivers described a lack of resources, minimal education, and limited time with their medical providers left them feeling ill-prepared for their role. Most family caregivers indicated their care recipients did not use rehabilitation services and the family caregivers expressed confusion about hospice and palliative care.

Significance of results
Family caregivers for individuals with GBM desire more straightforward and proactive information and education about their care recipients from their medical providers. There is an opportunity for more utilization of hospice, palliative, and rehabilitation services to provide necessary training to GBM patients and their caregivers.
CLDN6 triggers NRF2-mediated ferroptosis through recruiting DLG1/PBK complex in breast cancer
Authors: Qi Da , Lu Yan , Qu Huinan , Dong Yuan , Jin Qiu , Sun Minghao , Quan Chengshi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We previously identified CLDN6 as a pivotal tumor suppressor in breast cancer and unexpectedly discovered that overexpression of CLDN6 resulted in characteristic ultrastructural alterations of ferroptosis. However, the exact mechanism by which CLDN6 triggers ferroptosis is still elusive in breast cancer. Our study showed that CLDN6 was associated with ferroptosis in breast cancer patients. The integration of CLDN6 and ferroptosis demonstrated remarkable predictive prognostic performance. We observed that CLDN6 triggers NRF2-mediated ferroptosis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, CLDN6 enhanced nuclear export of NRF2 by regulating the PBK-dependent AKT/GSK3β/FYN axis. Further CLDN6 recruited PBK to the cell membrane through the endosomal pathway and bound with the DLG1/PBK complex, thereby promoted the degradation of PBK by the UPS. This study elucidates the previously unrecognized mechanism of CLDN6 triggering NRF2-mediated ferroptosis through recruiting DLG1/PBK complex. This study provides a reliable biomarker for predicting prognosis and is anticipated to guide the selection of therapies targeting ferroptosis in breast cancer.
Adaptive evolution and early diversification of photonic nanomaterials in marine diatoms
Authors: Ashworth Matt P. , Lam Daryl W. , Lopez-Garcia Martin , Manning Schonna R. , Goessling Johannes W. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The discovery of natural slab photonic crystals in diatoms has sparked questions regarding their prevalence and functional role in nature. These advanced nanomaterials open so-called photonic stopbands in two dimensions, enabling precise light manipulation essential in technologies like quantum computing and photonics. However, the natural role of these advanced properties remains a mystery. In this study, we adopted a multidisciplinary approach, combining taxonomic, evolutionary, and photonic property analyses. Using scanning electron micrographs, we examined the girdle elements of the silicon dioxide shell from several hundred diatom species to explore the potential correlation between occurrence of slab photonic crystals and taxonomic relationship. Girdle slab photonic crystals emerged among the oldest diatom classes, with stopband properties covering the visible to mid-infrared spectral range. Square lattice formations emerged first, evolving from quasi-ordered templates, and later diverged into more efficiently packed hexagonal structures. This study shows how photonic nanomaterials developed from quasi order to order over evolutionary trajectories and provides a sustainable inventory of natural slab photonic crystals for application and deeper investigation. Understanding how diatoms utilize these structures can inspire innovative principles for smarter energy management systems as well serve as a model for the evolution of order and symmetry in cellular processes and organization.
Unexpectedly high rate of unrecognized acute kidney injury and its trend over the past 14 years
Authors: Han Lina , Li Hongxiao , Luo Lingfan , Ye Xiaolan , Ren Yan , Xu Zimeng , Zhang Wei , Zhang Jiawei , Li Yiwen , Chen Bin , Zhu Bin , Shao Lina 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent yet often overlooked complication. This study examines the incidence, unrecognized rate, and outcomes of AKI in adults at a large public Chinese hospital from 2010 to 2023. AKI rates were calculated, and outcomes were assessed using follow-up records. Multivariate logistic regression identified risk factors for unrecognized AKI. Among 2,790,540 patients, 5,080 met the AKI criteria, with an overall incidence of 0.18% (0.78% in hospitalizations, 0.05% in outpatients). The unrecognized AKI was 76.3%. In this group, 75% were stage 1, 16.7% stage 2, and 8.3% stage 3. Orthopedics had the highest unrecognized rate (94.5%) and ICUs the lowest (55.77%). Unrecognition of AKI improved from 90.3% in 2010–2011 to 70.2% in 2022–2023. AKI stage progression was linked to poorer survival. Patients with recognized AKI recovered faster than those with unrecognized AKI (8.0 vs. 9.0 days, p < 0.001). The mean follow-up time was 15.8 days, with similar rates at 28 and 90 days post-AKI for both groups. Risk factors for unrecognized AKI included lower AKI stage, baseline creatinine, absence of shock/heart disease/hypertension, and non-nephrology/surgery admissions. Non-nephrology physicians’ unfamiliarity with AKI guidelines may contribute to low awareness. Improved early detection and monitoring in high-risk groups are needed.
Relapse-free survival in a pediatric patient with recurrent EZH2-mutant melanoma treated with adjuvant tazemetostat
Authors: Resch Erin E. , Makri Stavriani C. , Ghanem Paola , Baraban Ezra G. , Cohen Kenneth J. , Cohen Alan R. , Lipson Evan J. , Pratilas Christine A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is an essential epigenetic regulator of H3K27 histone methylation and is mutated or overexpressed in a wide variety of cancers. In melanoma, EZH2 overexpression contributes to excessive trimethylation of H3K27 on tumor suppressor genes and has been proposed to be a mechanism of tumor progression and metastasis. EZH2-targeted therapies have been successfully used to treat patients with follicular lymphoma and epithelioid sarcoma, but their clinical use in melanoma has not been described. Here, we describe a pediatric patient with multiply relapsed melanoma harboring an EZH2 A692V missense mutation, treated adjuvantly with the EZH2 inhibitor tazemetostat, who experienced a prolonged relapse-free survival.
Reflectivity and reflexivity in qualitative research and scholarship
Authors: Sawyer Richard D. , Habibie Pejman 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this chapter, we first introduce four reflexive methodologies: autoethnography, duoethnography,
narrative inquiry, and currere. Although these four approaches vary, they all involve inquirers telling
stories about self and culture. Researchers working with these methodologies explore subjective yet socially situated,
personal yet relational, and discursive yet emancipatory questions and topics. Describing these methodologies, we refer both
to published accounts and literature and to specific chapters in this book. Central to these methodologies are the related
concepts of reflection and reflexivity. Given their multiple levels, reflection and reflexivity assume a range of profiles,
both individually and collectively. As a framework for “reading” reflection and reflexivity in this chapter, we consider the
following structure: (a) what they are, (b) how they are enacted and mobilized within inquiry, and (c) what they yield within
and from inquiry. Finally, we present an overview of the subsequent chapters in this volume.
Duoethnography
Authors: Sawyer Richard D. , Wright Shain 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this chapter we provide an overview of the inquiry method of duoethnography, highlighting its
evolution as a living, reflexive self-study methodology. We introduce duoethnography, present its tenets, and examine
its affordances and limitations. We give examples of how it facilitates researchers’ critical examination of knowledge
production and dissemination, as well as how their own positionality discursively frames the inquiry. Falling within a tradition of ethnographic research
practices, duoethnography draws from the work of diverse educational researchers, including Mikhail Bakhtin and William Pinar. Duoethnographers work in pairs (or occasionally trios), juxtaposing and intertwining
storytelling with story-listening in trans-conceptual (analysis and synthesis) and transtemporal (past, present, and
future) ways. It facilitates stratified, nested auto-autoethnographic accounts of a given research context or question
designed to emphasize the complex, reflexive and aesthetic aspects of the work in process and product. A goal of
duoethnography is researcher change and praxis, as well as self-understanding.
An autoethnography of migration, language, and power dynamics
Authors: Nik Ellie 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter explores the influence of power structures and social imaginaries on my language
choices as a migrant residing in Australia and using English as a foreign language. The methodology adopted in this
chapter is critical autoethnography. It critically examines the phenomenon of English linguistic imperialism. Through
the sharing of personal narratives, the chapter highlights instances where I have observed power imbalances in my
everyday interactions as a migrant in Australia, prompting me to switch to English in the presence of others. By
delving into these experiences, this research sheds light on the complex dynamics of language use and the implications
of power differentials within a multicultural context. This chapter contributes to enhancing the understanding of
sociolinguistic challenges confronted by migrants and the influence of dominant language ideologies on their
linguistic practices. By providing insights that foster increased awareness and empathy, it offers a pathway towards
promoting a more inclusive and equitable language environment within multicultural societies.
Enhancing cardiomyocyte maturation through PEDOT:PSS-coated surfaces and mechanical stimulation with strain sensors
Authors: Kim Jongyun , Shanmugasundaram Arunkumar , Li Longlong , Qu Zhuji , Kim Eung-Sam , Lee Bong-Kee , Lee Dong-Weon 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Drug-induced cardiac toxicity is a critical concern in drug development, often leading to unreliable results and potential drug withdrawal due to the lack of mature cardiomyocytes in screening assays. This study aimed to enhance cardiomyocyte maturation by combining structural and conductive stimuli, specifically using a Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) coated conductive PDMS membrane and a mechanical stimulation (MS) system. A 10% tensile strain at a frequency of 1 Hz was applied via a stepper motor controlled by an Arduino-based system, with real-time monitoring through an integrated strain sensor. The highly stretchable PEDOT:PSS strain sensor was incorporated into the well-placed surface to ensure precise mechanical stimulation. The functional well plate, featuring PEDOT:PSS-coated conductive microgrooves, was designed to align cardiomyocytes and promote the expression of maturation markers, including α-actinin and connexin43 (Cx43). Results showed that the combination of 10% mechanical strain and a conductive PEDOT:PSS surface significantly increased sarcomere length and Cx43 intensity compared to controls. This approach provides a more physiologically relevant environment for cardiomyocyte development, offering a more accurate model for assessing drug-induced cardiotoxicity in preclinical drug screening.
Response functions and giant monopole resonances for light to medium-mass nucleifrom the ab initio symmetry-adapted no-core shell model
Authors: Burrows Matthew , Baker Robert B , Bacca Sonia , Launey Kristina , Dytrych Tomáš , Langr Daniel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Using the \textit{ab initio} symmetry-adapted no-core shell model, we compute sum rules and response functions for light to medium-mass nuclei, starting from interactions that are derived in the chiral effective field theory. Specifically, we investigate electromagnetic transitions of monopole, dipole and quadrupole nature for $^4$He, and explore dominant features of giant monopole resonances in symmetric nuclei such as the closed-shell $^4$He and $^{16}$O light nuclei, the intermediate-mass open-shell $^{20}$Ne and the medium-mass closed-shell $^{40}$Ca. Furthermore, for the NNLO$_{\rm opt}$ chiral potential, we determine parameter-free monopole sum rules,&#xD;which can provide information on the incompressibility of symmetric nuclear matter. &#xD;We report $213(10)$ MeV as an estimate for the compression modulus for infinite nuclear matter, which overlaps with the lower range of values often used in current astrophysical applications.
Anomalous temperature dependence of spin-orbit coupling in Al2O3/SrTiO3 and Al2O3/KTaO3 heterostructures
Authors: Qin Zhu , Zhou Dingbang , Ma Xiao Rong , Lin Tie , Gao Kuang Hong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Perovskite oxide-based heterostructures exhibit a range of exotic physical properties such as two-dimensional superconductivity, interface magnetism, tunable Kondo effect, and tunable spin-orbit coupling. Here, the magnetotransport properties of Al2O3/SrTiO3 and Al2O3/KTaO3 heterostructures are studied. Both Kondo effect and spin-orbit coupling-induced weak antilocalization (WAL) effect are observed at low temperatures. By analyzing the WAL curves, the spin relaxation time is extracted. Surprisingly, the extracted spin relaxation time unexpectedly decreases on increasing temperature in all samples. This indicates that the strength of the spin-orbit coupling is progressively enhanced on increasing temperature, conflicting with theoretical prediction. This anomalous temperature dependence is explained by the interplay between the Kondo effect and the D’yakonov-Perel spin relaxation mechanism.&#xD;
Enhanced control of surface wave transitions via trapped air film on multiscale structured surfaces
Authors: Xing Yan , Shen Tianshun , Tang Qing , Fu Qingfei , Yang Lijun , Dong Ruoyu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The control of the threshold for surface wave transition is a topic of great interest in both scientific and industrial communities. Traditional methods, like installing baffles, for suppressing surface waves often suffer from issues including increased system weight, lack of flexibility and universality, and problems with structural performance. This study utilizes micro/nanoscale surface modifications and millimeter scale slot structure design to trap air film to absorb vibration energy under liquid surface waves. We directly visualized the trapped air film and systematically examined how variations in slot width and depth influence the harmonic-to-subharmonic wave transition. The synchronized correlation between the transition thresholds and air film displacements at varying slot dimensions was established, indicating the significant role of trapped air in shaping the behavior of surface waves. We further discovered that as the liquid thickness increases, the role of the air film gradually weakens until it reaches a critical thickness. This research offers valuable insights into more efficient surface wave control methods, potentially enhancing the design and stability of precision systems in various industries.
Investigating gender bias in first year physics examinations
Authors: Gladys M J , Furst J E , Holdsworth J , Dastoor P C 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The short answer section of the final attainment test for the Advanced Physics I course at the University of Newcastle, Australia was investigated for performance bias based on gender. No overall gender bias was discovered, however there was a small to medium bias for the thermal physics topic. No other topics showed any significant difference by gender. A categorization schema for short answer exam questions was developed and revealed a correlation that if questions contain a majority of categories from the schema then no bias will be observed. Bias observed in the Thermal physics topic may be due to a combination of word density and low visual language.
ChatGPT’s problem-solving abilities in context-rich and traditional physics problems
Authors: Horchani Ridha 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study explores the ability of ChatGPT in solving first-level physics textbook-style problems and context rich problems (CRPs). The findings reveal that while ChatGPT demonstrates proficiency in identifying relevant physics concepts and solving traditional problems, it faces challenges in handling CRPs which require accurate modelling and reasonable assumptions. These insights highlight both the potential and limitations of using ChatGPT in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics education, providing a foundation for future research into leveraging AI to support student learning and human–AI collaboration in addressing real-world challenges.
Determination of output correction factors in magnetic fields using two methods for two detectors at the central axis
Authors: Frick Stephan , Schneider Moritz , Thorwarth Daniela , Kapsch Ralf-Peter 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Objective: &#xD;Commissioning an MR-linac treatment planning system requires output correction factors, kB,QClin, for detectors to accurately measure the linac’s output at various field sizes. In this study, kB,QClin was determined at the central axis using two methods: one that combines the corrections for the influence of the magnetic field and the small field in a single factor (kB,QClin), and a second that isolates the magnetic field’s influence, allowing the use of output correction factors without a magnetic field, kQClin, from literature for determining kB,QClin.&#xD;&#xD;Approach: &#xD;To determine kB,QClin and examine its behavior across different photon energies and magnetic flux densities B in small fields, measurements with an ionization chamber (0.07 cm³ sensitive volume) and a solid-state detector were carried out at an experimental facility for both approaches. Changes in absorbed dose to water with field size were determined via Monte Carlo simulations. To evaluate clinical applicability, additional measurements were conducted on a 1.5 T MR-linac. &#xD;&#xD;Main results:&#xD;Both methods determined comparable kB,QClin results. For field sizes >3 x 3 cm2, B ranging from -1.5 to 1.5 T and photon energies of 6 and 8 MV, no change of kQClin as a function of the magnetic field was observed. Comparison with measurement results from the 1.5 T MR-linac confirm this. For ≤3 x 3 cm2, kB,QClin depends on photon energy and B. For 1.5 T and 6 MV, B reduces kQClin up to 3% for the ionization chamber and up to 7% for the solid-state detector.&#xD;&#xD;Significance:&#xD;kB,QClin were successfully determined for two detectors, enabling their use at a 1.5 T MR-linac. For field sizes of >3 x 3 cm2, kB,QClin is one for most detectors suitable for small field dosimetry for all available perpendicular MR-linac systems, as confirmed in the literature. For these field sizes and detectors, the correction factor accounting for the dosimeter response change in the reference field due to the magnetic field, kB,Q, can be used for cross-calibration. Therefore, future research may only focus on small field sizes.&#xD;
Electrically controlled focusing of de Broglie matter waves by Fresnel zone plate
Authors: Barman Sushanta , Bhattacharjee Sudeep 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The evolution from classical optics to quantum matter wave optics has been influenced by transformative optical devices like Fresnel zone plates (FZP). This study investigates the focusing of helium atoms by an electrically biased FZP, made of chromium (Cr), using numerical solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE) with the split-step Fourier method. The nth opaque zone of an amplitude-type FZP is subject to electrostatic biasing using three methods: (i) Vn = V1
, where V1
is the biasing voltage applied to the central zone (n=1), (ii) Vn = V1 √n, and (iii) Vn = V1 sin (kEn), with kE
being the radial modulation factor in the biasing voltage. The effects of electrostatic biasing on the transmitted wave packet distribution, transmission coefficient (Tc
), focal length (f), size of the focused wave packet (σF
), and focusing efficiency (η) are analyzed. Results show that electrical biasing modulates diffractive focusing via induced polarization potential. Biasing with Vn = V1
reduces the wave packet transmission and focusing efficiency. Biasing with Vn = V1 √n enhances Tc
by ≈ 38%, f by ≈73.5%, and η from 6% to 20%. Biasing with Vn = V1 sin(kE n) offers better control, achieving a focusing efficiency of ≈ 10.5%. These findings suggest new methods for higher efficiency focusing of matter waves, with applications in helium microscopes, cold atom trapping, and high-precision atom lithography for quantum electronic devices.
Amorphous IGMO/IGZO heterojunction thin-film transistors with enhanced ultraviolet detection performance
Authors: Yao Jichun , Zhang Yiyu , Liu Xingzhao 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Amorphous InGaZnO (IGZO) is a potential candidate for integrated circuits based on thin-film transistors (TFTs) owing to its low-temperature processability and high mobility. Amorphous InGaMgO/InGaZnO (IGMO/IGZO) heterojunction was deposited and TFTs based on IGMO/IGZO heterojunction were fabricated in this report. The energy band at the IGMO/IGZO heterojunction was characterized, and the potential well at the interface of IGZO is critical to the enhanced ultraviolet detection of the IGMO/IGZO heterojunction. Furthermore, the TFTs based on IGMO/IGZO heterojunction exhibited a high responsivity of 3.8 × 103 A/W and a large detectivity of 5.2 × 1014 Jones under 350 nm ultraviolet illumination, which will also benefit for fabrication of monolithic ultraviolet sensing chip.