bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital twin-driven variant design of a 3C electronic product assembly line
Authors: Yan Douxi , Sha Weinan , Wang Dewen , Yang Jiafeng , Zhang Shenghui 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLarge-scale personalization is becoming a reality. To ensure market competitiveness and economic benefits, enterprises require rapid response capability and flexible manufacturing operations. However, variant design and production line reconfiguration are complicated because it involves the commissioning, replacement, and adaptive integration of equipment and remodification of control systems. Herein, a digital twin-driven production line variant design is presented. As a new technology, the digital twin can realize the parallel control from the physical world to the digital world and accelerate the design process of the production line through a virtual–real linkage. Simultaneously, the actual production line can be simulated to verify the rationality of the design scheme and avoid cost wastage. Four key technologies are described in detail, and a production line variant design platform based on digital twin is built to support rapid production line variant design. Finally, experiments using a smartphone assembly line as an example are performed; the results demonstrate that the proposed method can realize production line variant design and increase production efficiency.
Human milk oligosaccharide-sharing by a consortium of infant derived Bifidobacterium species
Authors: Walsh Clodagh , Lane Jonathan A. , van Sinderen Douwe , Hickey Rita M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBifidobacteria are associated with a host of health benefits and are typically dominant in the gut microbiota of healthy, breast-fed infants. A key adaptation, facilitating the establishment of these species, is their ability to consume particular sugars, known as human milk oligosaccharides (HMO), which are abundantly found in breastmilk. In the current study, we aimed to characterise the co-operative metabolism of four commercial infant-derived bifidobacteria (Bifidobacterium bifidum R0071, Bifidobacterium breve M-16V, Bifidobacterium infantis R0033, and Bifidobacterium infantis M-63) when grown on HMO. Three different HMO substrates (2′-fucosyllactose alone and oligosaccharides isolated from human milk representing non-secretor and secretor status) were employed. The four-strain combination resulted in increased bifidobacterial numbers (> 21%) in comparison to single strain cultivation. The relative abundance of B. breve increased by > 30% during co-cultivation with the other strains despite demonstrating limited ability to assimilate HMO in mono-culture. HPLC analysis revealed strain-level variations in HMO consumption. Metabolomics confirmed the production of formate, acetate, 1,2-propanediol, and lactate with an overall increase in such metabolites during co-cultivation. These results support the concept of positive co-operation between multiple bifidobacterial strains during HMO utilisation which may result in higher cell numbers and a potentially healthier balance of metabolites.
Spatiotemporal profiling of the bovine oviduct fluid proteome around the time of ovulation
Authors: Mahé Coline , Lavigne Régis , Com Emmanuelle , Pineau Charles , Locatelli Yann , Zlotkowska Aleksandra Maria , Almiñana Carmen , Tsikis Guillaume , Mermillod Pascal , Schoen Jennifer , Saint-Dizier Marie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the composition of the oviduct fluid (OF) is crucial to better comprehend the microenvironment in which sperm capacitation, fertilization and early embryo development take place. Therefore, our aim was to determine the spatiotemporal changes in the OF proteome according to the anatomical region of the oviduct (ampulla vs. isthmus), the proximity of the ovulating ovary (ipsilateral vs. contralateral side) and the peri-ovulatory stage (pre-ovulatory or Pre-ov vs. post-ovulatory or Post-ov). Oviducts from adult cyclic cows were collected at a local slaughterhouse and pools of OF were analyzed by nanoLC-MS/MS and label-free protein quantification (n = 32 OF pools for all region × stage × side conditions). A total of 3760 proteins were identified in the OF, of which 65% were predicted to be potentially secreted. The oviduct region was the major source of variation in protein abundance, followed by the proximity of the ovulating ovary and finally the peri-ovulatory stage. Differentially abundant proteins between regions, stages and sides were involved in a broad variety of biological functions, including protein binding, response to stress, cell-to-cell adhesion, calcium homeostasis and the immune system. This work highlights the dynamic regulation of oviduct secretions and provides new protein candidates for interactions between the maternal environment, the gametes and the early embryo.
Systolic and diastolic function during cycling at the respiratory threshold between elderly and young healthy individuals
Authors: Magnani Sara , Mulliri Gabriele , Roberto Silvana , Ghiani Giovanna , Sechi Fabio , Stagi Silvia , Marini Elisabetta , Bassareo Pier Paolo , Spranger Marty D. , Crisafulli Antonio 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe hemodynamic consequences of aging have been extensively investigated during maximal incremental exercise. However, less is known about the effects of aging on hemodynamics during submaximal steady-state exercise. The aim of the present investigation was to compare the hemodynamics of healthy elderly and young subjects during an exercise bout conducted at the gas threshold (GET) intensity. Two groups of healthy, physically active subjects were studied: the elderly group—EG (n = 11; > 60 years old) and the young group—YG (n = 13; < 35 years old). Both groups performed a 5-min rectangular exercise test at the GET intensity. Hemodynamics were measured using echocardiography. The main finding was that stroke volume responses were higher in the YG than the EG (72.5 ± 16.7 vs. 52.4 ± 8.4 ml, respectively). The increased stroke volume capacity in the YG was the consequence of a greater capacity to increase cardiac preload and contractility and, to a lesser extent, to reduce systemic vascular resistance. Importantly, the atrial contribution to ventricular diastolic filling was substantially higher in the YG when compared to the EG.
Ultrasensitive nano-gold labelled, duplex lateral flow immunochromatographic assay for early detection of sugarcane mosaic viruses
Authors: Thangavelu Raja Muthuramalingam , Kadirvel Nithya , Balasubramaniam Parameswari , Viswanathan Rasappa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSugarcane is one of the important food and bioenergy crops, cultivated all over the world except European continent. Like many other crops, sugarcane production and quality are hampered by various plant pathogens, among them viruses that infect systemically and cause severe impact to cane growth. The viruses are efficiently managed by their elimination through tissue culture combined with molecular diagnostics, which could detect virus titre often low at 10–12 g mL−1. To harmonize the virus diagnostics by molecular methods, we established a nanocatalysis-based high sensitive lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (LFIA) simultaneously to detect two major sugarcane viruses associated with mosaic disease in sugarcane. LFIA is known for poor sensitivity and stability with its signalling conjugates. However, we synthesized positively charged Cysteamine-gold nanoparticles and used them to prepare highly stable to sensitive immunoconjugates and as a colourimetric detection label. Further nanogold signal enhancement was performed on LFIA to obtain a high detection sensitivity, which is higher than the conventional immunoassays. The linear detection range of the nano-LIFA was 10–6 to 10–9 g mL−1, and with the signal enhancement, the LOD reached up to 10–12 g ml−1. This research paper provides relative merits and advancement on nano-LFIA for specific detection of sugarcane viruses in sugarcane for the first time.
Randomized clinical trial of streaming dichoptic movies versus patching for treatment of amblyopia in children aged 3 to 7 years
Authors: Jost Reed M. , Hudgins Lindsey A. , Dao Lori M. , Stager David R. , Luu Becky , Beauchamp Cynthia L. , Hunter Jeffrey S. , Giridhar Prashanthi , Wang Yi-Zhong , Birch Eileen E. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractContrast-rebalanced dichoptic movies have been shown to be an effective binocular treatment for amblyopia in the laboratory. Yet, at-home therapy is a more practical approach. In a randomized clinical trial, we compared dichoptic movies, streamed at-home on a handheld 3D-enabled game console, versus patching as amblyopia treatment. Sixty-five amblyopic children (3–7 years; 20/32–125) were randomly assigned to one of two parallel arms, binocular treatment (3 movies/week) or patching (14 h/week). The primary outcome, change in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at the 2-week visit was completed by 28 and 30, respectively. After the primary outcome, both groups of children had the option to complete up to 6 weeks of binocular treatment. At the 2-week primary outcome visit, BCVA had improved in the movie (0.07 ± 0.02 logMAR; p < .001) and patching (0.06 ± 0.01 logMAR; p < 0.001) groups. There was no significant difference between groups (CI95%: − 0.02 to 0.04; p = .48). Visual acuity improved in both groups with binocular treatment up to 6 weeks (0.15 and 0.18 logMAR improvement, respectively). This novel, at-home, binocular movie treatment improved amblyopic eye BCVA after 2 weeks (similar to patching), with additional improvement up to 6 weeks. Repeated binocular visual experience with contrast-rebalanced binocular movies provides an additional treatment option for amblyopia.Clincaltrials.gov identifier: NCT03825107 (31/01/2019).
Adiponectin accumulation in the retinal vascular endothelium and its possible role in preventing early diabetic microvascular damage
Authors: Sakaue Taka-aki , Fujishima Yuya , Fukushima Yoko , Tsugawa-Shimizu Yuri , Fukuda Shiro , Kita Shunbun , Nishizawa Hitoshi , Ranscht Barbara , Nishida Kohji , Maeda Norikazu , Shimomura Iichiro 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAdiponectin (APN), a protein abundantly secreted from adipocytes, has been reported to possess beneficial effects on cardiovascular diseases in association with its accumulation on target organs and cells by binding to T-cadherin. However, little is known about the role of APN in the development of diabetic microvascular complications, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR). Here we investigated the impact of APN on the progression of early retinal vascular damage using a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mouse model. Our immunofluorescence results clearly showed T-cadherin-dependent localization of APN in the vascular endothelium of retinal arterioles, which was progressively decreased during the course of diabetes. Such reduction of retinal APN accompanied the early features of DR, represented by increased vascular permeability, and was prevented by glucose-lowering therapy with dapagliflozin, a selective sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor. In addition, APN deficiency resulted in severe vascular permeability under relatively short-term hyperglycemia, together with a significant increase in vascular cellular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and a reduction in claudin-5 in the retinal endothelium. The present study demonstrated a possible protective role of APN against the development of DR.
Comparisons between the circular restricted three-body and bi-circular four body problems for transfers between the two smaller primaries
Authors: de Almeida Junior Allan Kardec , de Almeida Prado Antonio Fernando Bertachini 
Published: March 2022

AbstractImportant properties of the dynamics of a spacecraft can be obtained from the Circular Restricted Three Body Problem and the Bi-Circular Bi-planar Four Body Problem. In this work, both systems are compared under the perspective of the costs involved in a transfer between the smaller primaries. An analytical approach shows several properties of the perturbation due to the gravity of the Sun and the motion of the smaller primaries around it over a spacecraft in the region of interest, like its behavior at and around the barycenter or at any point in a circle around the Sun. The costs involved in transfers between the smaller primaries are numerically evaluated and analyzed using the newly developed Theory of Functional Connections. The results show that the influence of this perturbation over the costs is significant for systems like the Sun–Earth–Moon or Sun–Mars–Phobos. On the other hand, it is also shown that this influence may be negligible for other very different systems, like the Sun–Saturn–Titan or Sun–Ida–Dactyl. Maps of perturbation are drawn in the region of interest, which can be used for mission designers. Finally, a new approach to describe the influence of the Sun over the tides of the smaller primaries is proposed under the Four Body Problem model.
Bumble bees exhibit body size clines across an urban gradient despite low genetic differentiation
Authors: Austin Matthew W. , Tripodi Amber D. , Strange James P. , Dunlap Aimee S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEnvironmental heterogeneity resulting from human-modified landscapes can increase intraspecific trait variation. However, less known is whether such phenotypic variation is driven by plastic or adaptive responses to local environments. Here, we study five bumble bee (Apidae: Bombus) species across an urban gradient in the greater Saint Louis, Missouri region in the North American Midwest and ask: (1) Can urban environments induce intraspecific spatial structuring of body size, an ecologically consequential functional trait? And, if so, (2) is this body size structure the result of plasticity or adaptation? We additionally estimate genetic diversity, inbreeding, and colony density of these species—three factors that affect extinction risk. Using ≥ 10 polymorphic microsatellite loci per species and measurements of body size, we find that two of these species (Bombus impatiens, Bombus pensylvanicus) exhibit body size clines across the urban gradient, despite a lack of population genetic structure. We also reaffirm reports of low genetic diversity in B. pensylvanicus and find evidence that Bombus griseocollis, a species thought to be thriving in North America, is inbred in the greater Saint Louis region. Collectively, our results have implications for conservation in urban environments and suggest that plasticity can cause phenotypic clines across human-modified landscapes.
Ecological niche modelling and climate change in two species groups of huntsman spider genus Eusparassus in the Western Palearctic
Authors: Moradmand Majid , Yousefi Masoud 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe huntsman spiders’ genus Eusparassus are apex arthropod predators in desert ecosystems of the Afrotropical and Palearctic ecoregions. The Eusparassus dufouri and E. walckenaeri clades are two distinct taxonomic, phylogenetic, and geographic units concerning morphology, molecular phylogeny, and spatial data; but little is known about their ecological niche. We applied the maximum-entropy approach and modelled ecologic niches of these two phylogenetically closely related clades. Ecological niches of the two clades were compared using identity and background tests and two different metrics, the Schooner’s D and Warren’s I. We also predicted the impacts of climate change on the distribution of the two clades. The results of the identity test showed that the ecological niches of the two clades were different in geographic space but were similar in environmental space. While results of the background test revealed that the ecological niches of the two clades were similar in geographic and environmental space. This indicated that “niche conservatism” had an important role over the evolutionary time of allopatric diversification. However, the normalized difference vegetation index vs. topographic heterogeneity had influenced the niches of the dufouri and walckenaeri clades, respectively. The analyses recovered that the two clades’ climatically suitable habitats will increase under future climate (the year 2070). However, since the two clades are characterized by the narrow range of environmental optimum and the accordingly high limits of tolerance, they are vulnerable to climate change.
Pleiotropic actions of phenothiazine drugs are detrimental to Gram-negative bacterial persister cells
Authors: Mohiuddin Sayed Golam , Nguyen Thao Vy , Orman Mehmet A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBacterial persister cells are temporarily tolerant to bactericidal antibiotics but are not necessarily dormant and may exhibit physiological activities leading to cell damage. Based on the link between fluoroquinolone-mediated SOS responses and persister cell recovery, we screened chemicals that target fluoroquinolone persisters. Metabolic inhibitors (e.g., phenothiazines) combined with ofloxacin (OFX) perturbed persister levels in metabolically active cell populations. When metabolically stimulated, intrinsically tolerant stationary phase cells also became OFX-sensitive in the presence of phenothiazines. The effects of phenothiazines on cell metabolism and physiology are highly pleiotropic: at sublethal concentrations, phenothiazines reduce cellular metabolic, transcriptional, and translational activities; impair cell repair and recovery mechanisms; transiently perturb membrane integrity; and disrupt proton motive force by dissipating the proton concentration gradient across the cell membrane. Screening a subset of mutant strains lacking membrane-bound proteins revealed the pleiotropic effects of phenothiazines potentially rely on their ability to inhibit a wide range of critical metabolic proteins. Altogether, our study further highlights the complex roles of metabolism in persister cell formation, survival and recovery, and suggests metabolic inhibitors such as phenothiazines can be selectively detrimental to persister cells.
One-dimensional luminescent tetrabutylammonium lead halide perovskite synthesized with deep eutectic solvents
Authors: Hu Qichuan , Yu Hailong , Gong Shunfa , Han Qiuju , Wu Wenzhi 
Published: March 2022

The mixture of TBAX powder and PbX2 powder were heated and then naturally cooled to form DES-TBAX/PbX2 for the first time, and 1D(TBA)4Pb5Br14−xClx·HBr(Cl)·2H2O and TBAPbI3 perovskites were formed in the DES-TBAX/PbX2 with good thermal stability.
Perceptions of Using Fluency-Enhancing Techniques: A Survey of Graduate Student Experiences
Authors: Palasik Scott Thomas , Hughes Charles , Ellis Kellie 
Published: March 2022

Purpose:
Experiential learning has been a vital part of graduate education in health professions, in speech-language pathology, and when teaching students about fluency disorders. The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of graduate students regarding their use of three different fluency-enhancing techniques (FETs): easy onsets, controlled phrasing, and slower rate of speech.

Method:
These FETs were used by 198 graduate students in a variety of public speaking situations chosen by the participants. Ratings of comfort, anxiety, and perceived listener favorability were collected to examine if graduate students had a preference toward one FET, if they felt more comfortable and less anxious with multiple experiences using these FETs, and which technique the students perceived as the most favorable to listeners.

Results:
Findings showed that slower rate of speech was the most comfortable FET, whereas easy onsets produced the most anxiety. Interestingly, graduate students perceived that listeners significantly favored their use of easy onsets as compared to the other two FETs. Finally, graduate students felt significantly more comfortable, less anxious, and more positive regarding perceived listener favorability with multiple experiences practicing each FET.

Conclusions:
This study takes an important step toward assessing what we do as instructors and how students feel about performing FETs. With more research from students, instructors, and listeners, our field can gain a better understanding of how we can best educate future generations of speech-language pathologists who will serve individuals who stutter.
Multi‐stage part‐aware graph convolutional network for skeleton‐based action recognition
Authors: Qin Xiaofei , Li Hao , Liu Yuru , Yu Jiabin , He Changxiang , Zhang Xuedian 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRecently, graph convolutional networks have shown excellent results in skeleton‐based action recognition. This paper presents a multi‐stage part‐aware graph convolutional network for the problems of model over complication, parameter redundancy and lack of long‐dependence feature information. The structure of this network has a multi‐stream input and two‐stream output, which can greatly reduce the complexity and improve the accuracy of the model without losing sequence information. The two branches of the network have the same backbone, which includes 6 multi‐order feature extraction blocks and 3 temporal attention calibration blocks, and the outputs of the two branches are fused together. In multi‐order feature extraction block, a channel‐spatial attention mechanism and a graph condensation module are proposed, which can extract more distinguishable feature and identify the relationship between parts. In temporal attention calibration block, the temporal dependencies between frames in the skeleton sequence are modeled. Experimental results show that the proposed network outperforms many mainstream methods on NTU and Kinetics datasets, for example, it achieves 92.4% accuracy on the cross‐subject benchmark of NTU‐RGBD60 dataset.
Process and temperature robust time‐difference amplifier with analog calibration
Authors: Melo‐Pinzón Uriel A. , Flores‐Verdad Guillermo Espinosa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAn analogue calibration CMOS circuit for a time‐difference amplifier is presented and compared over a digital calibration scheme in terms of process and temperature variations. Time‐difference amplifiers (TA) are used in time‐to‐digital converters (TDC) for improving conversion resolution. In TA‐based TDC, global variations (process, temperature, and voltage) are dominant over local variations (mismatch) if analogue approaches are used over the digital ones, where the matching between many cells is highly required. Unlike the digital calibration circuit, the proposed analogue approach based on a charge pump improves the TA gain performance against process and temperature variations. The simulations of the proposed TA in a 180 nm CMOS technology showed a 12% reduction in process and temperature variations with a maximum power consumption of 130 μW at 100 MHz operation frequency.