bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visual Exploration of Financial Data with Incremental Domain Knowledge
Authors: Arleo Alessio , Tsigkanos Christos , Leite Roger A. , Dustdar Schahram , Miksch Silvia , Sorger Johannes 
Published: November 2022

AbstractModelling the dynamics of a growing financial environment is a complex task that requires domain knowledge, expertise and access to heterogeneous information types. Such information can stem from several sources at different scales, complicating the task of forming a holistic impression of the financial landscape, especially in terms of the economical relationships between firms. Bringing this scattered information into a common context is, therefore, an essential step in the process of obtaining meaningful insights about the state of an economy. In this paper, we present Sabrina 2.0, a Visual Analytics (VA) approach for exploring financial data across different scales, from individual firms up to nation‐wide aggregate data. Our solution is coupled with a pipeline for the generation of firm‐to‐firm financial transaction networks, fusing information about individual firms with sector‐to‐sector transaction data and domain knowledge on macroscopic aspects of the economy. Each network can be created to have multiple instances to compare different scenarios. We collaborated with experts from finance and economy during the development of our VA solution, and evaluated our approach with seven domain experts across industry and academia through a qualitative insight‐based evaluation. The analysis shows how Sabrina 2.0 enables the generation of insights, and how the incorporation of transaction models assists users in their exploration of a national economy.
The diversity of people's relationships with biodiversity should inform forest restoration and creation
Authors: Austen Gail E. , Dallimer Martin , Irvine Katherine N. , Fisher Jessica C. , Fish Robert D. , Davies Zoe G. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractForest restoration/creation is a policy focus worldwide, with initiatives pledging to plant billions of trees. While there is an emphasis on providing “the right tree in the right place,” we need to understand for whom the trees are right. Such social dimensions are frequently overlooked, despite being critical to successful forest restoration/creation. We used Q‐methodology to examine what forest biodiversity attributes (e.g., functions, behaviors, colors, smells) people (N = 194) relate to and how in Britain. We found that shared public perspectives on biodiversity attributes are multifaceted, influenced by personal experience and vary across taxa. This heterogeneity highlights the importance of gaining a richer understanding of human–nature relationships, as restoration/creation initiatives need to deliver biodiverse forests to accommodate the plurality of preferences brought to bear upon them. Based on our findings, emphasizing biodiversity in forest restoration/creation should contribute to greater use of, comfort in, and meaningful engagement with, forests in the future by a wider set of publics.
Do voters in developing and transitional democracies care about income inequality? the role of media freedom
Authors: Amri Puspa Delima , Bouvet Florence 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIs there a relationship between income inequality and the electoral success of incumbent governments in developing and transitional democracies, and if so, what explains its variations? Using a large N study of national legislative elections in 38 developing and transitional democracies from 1987 to 2016 and controlling for economic growth, inflation, and unemployment rates, this paper tests: (i) whether change in income inequality is negatively associated with the vote share for the incumbent party and (ii) whether the level of media freedom affects the extent of economic voting. Overall, we find evidence that increasing income inequality is negatively and significantly related to the vote share for the incumbent but only in countries with free or somewhat‐free media. Furthermore, consistent with past studies, the most robustly significant economic factor in affecting incumbent vote shares remains economic growth.
Effect of fasting on short‐term visual plasticity in adult humans
Authors: Animali Silvia , Steinwurzel Cecilia , Dardano Angela , Sancho‐Bornez Veronica , Del Prato Stefano , Morrone Maria Concetta , Daniele Giuseppe , Binda Paola 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBrain plasticity and function is impaired in conditions of metabolic dysregulation, such as obesity. Less is known on whether brain function is also affected by transient and physiological metabolic changes, such as the alternation between fasting and fed state. Here we asked whether these changes affect the transient shift of ocular dominance that follows short‐term monocular deprivation, a form of homeostatic plasticity. We further asked whether variations in three of the main metabolic and hormonal pathways affected in obesity (glucose metabolism, leptin signalling and fatty acid metabolism) correlate with plasticity changes. We measured the effects of 2 h monocular deprivation in three conditions: post‐absorptive state (fasting), after ingestion of a standardised meal and during infusion of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1), an incretin physiologically released upon meal ingestion that plays a key role in glucose metabolism.We found that short‐term plasticity was less manifest in fasting than in fed state, whereas GLP‐1 infusion did not elicit reliable changes compared to fasting. Although we confirmed a positive association between plasticity and supraphysiological GLP‐1 levels, achieved by GLP‐1 infusion, we found that none of the parameters linked to glucose metabolism could predict the plasticity reduction in the fasting versus fed state. Instead, this was selectively associated with the increase in plasma beta‐hydroxybutyrate (B‐OH) levels during fasting, which suggests a link between neural function and energy substrates alternative to glucose. These results reveal a previously unexplored link between homeostatic brain plasticity and the physiological changes associated with the daily fast‐fed cycle.
Regenerative inflammation: When immune cells help to re‐build tissues
Authors: Caballero‐Sánchez Noemí , Alonso‐Alonso Sergio , Nagy Laszlo 
Published: November 2022

Inflammation is an essential immune response critical for responding to infection, injury and maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Upon injury, regenerative inflammation promotes tissue repair by a timed and coordinated infiltration of diverse cell types and the secretion of growth factors, cytokines and lipids mediators. Remarkably, throughout evolution as well as mammalian development, this type of physiological inflammation is highly associated with immunosuppression. For instance, regenerative inflammation is the consequence of an in situ macrophage polarization resulting in a transition from pro‐inflammatory to anti‐inflammatory/pro‐regenerative response. Immune cells are the first responders upon injury, infiltrating the damaged tissue and initiating a pro‐inflammatory response depleting cell debris and necrotic cells. After phagocytosis, macrophages undergo multiple coordinated metabolic and transcriptional changes allowing the transition and dictating the initiation of the regenerative phase. Differences between a highly efficient, complete ad integrum tissue repair, such as, acute skeletal muscle injury, and insufficient regenerative inflammation, as the one developing in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), highlight the importance of a coordinated response orchestrated by immune cells. During regenerative inflammation, these cells interact with others and alter the niche, affecting the character of inflammation itself and, therefore, the progression of tissue repair. Comparing acute muscle injury and chronic inflammation in DMD, we review how the same cells and molecules in different numbers, concentration and timing contribute to very different outcomes. Thus, it is important to understand and identify the distinct functions and secreted molecules of macrophages, and potentially other immune cells, during tissue repair, and the contributors to the macrophage switch leveraging this knowledge in treating diseases.
Quod vadis? The effect of youth unemployment and demographic pressure on migration in the MENA region
Authors: Redlin Margarete 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRecent trends in international migration reveal increasing migration outflows from Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) countries. This development is accompanied by a massive rise in youth unemployment and a major increase in the young population in this region. This paper provides a quantitative assessment of migration patterns and analyses the interacting effect of the unfavourable combination of youth unemployment and demographic pressure on migration decisions. Based on an assessment of bilateral migration flows from 19 MENA to 34 OECD countries between 1995 and 2020, we find that youth unemployment plays a significant role in explaining emigration flows from MENA countries. We also find that the migration‐generating effect of youth unemployment is contingent upon demographic pressure in the youth cohorts and increases with an increasing number of youths.
Supporting skill integration in an intelligent tutoring system for code tracing
Authors: Huang Yun , Brusilovsky Peter , Guerra Julio , Koedinger Kenneth , Schunn Christian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundSkill integration is vital in students' mastery development and is especially prominent in developing code tracing skills which are foundational to programming, an increasingly important area in the current STEM education. However, instructional design to support skill integration in learning technologies has been limited.ObjectivesThe current work presents the development and empirical evaluation of instructional design targeting students' difficulties in code tracing particularly in integrating component skills in the Trace Table Tutor (T3), an intelligent tutoring system.MethodsBeyond the instructional features of active learning, step‐level support, and individualized problem selection of intelligent tutoring systems (ITS), the instructional design of T3 (e.g., hints, problem types, problem selection) was optimized to target skill integration based on a domain model where integrative skills were represented as combinations of component skills. We conducted an experimental study in a university‐level introductory Python programming course and obtained three findings.Results and ConclusionsFirst, the instructional features of the ITS technology support effective learning of code tracing, as evidenced by significant learning gains (medium‐to‐large effect sizes). Second, performance data supports the existence of integrative skills beyond component skills. Third, an instructional design focused on integrative skills yields learning benefits beyond a design without such focus, such as improving performance efficiency (medium‐to‐large effect sizes).Major TakeawaysOur work demonstrates the value of designing for skill integration in learning technologies and the effectiveness of the ITS technology for computing education, as well as provides general implications for designing learning technologies to foster robust learning.
The clinical paradox: Acting in two worlds in parallel
Authors: Fröhlich Thomas 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground: Centred around the thesis that for those engaged in clinical practice there are two worlds present in parallel, this article defines the characteristics of the supposed second, qualitative world. Contrasting these characteristics to those of the world as seen in continuous metric dimensions of space and time, we derive the nature of the qualitative elements and their coherent interaction, as well as the rules governing these dynamic elements' interactions. Results: The second world claimed to exist turns out to be made of individual worlds centred in coherent perspectival interaction. Its polycentric agency enacts individual perspectives and mutual information uptake. This hermeneutical approach conforms with some recent developments in theory, such as that of Nobel Prize winner Elinor Ostrom, or the enactment theory of cognitive science. Conclusions: Following this theoretical process, two practical consequences are drawn. The first consists of an advanced model of biopsychosocial interaction, as extensively published throughout the years. The second presents the concept of quality‐oriented self‐aid groups open to all exposed to or working in care and healthcare. The corresponding training helps practitioners to consciously and deliberately move, perceive, and perform in the duplicity of worlds, the one the conventional quantifying, metric one, the other the mostly rationally unknown world emerging from qualifying interactive agency.
Re‐visiting the ‘mysterious myth of attention deficit’: A systematic review of the recent evidence
Authors: Burack J. A. , Friedman S. , Lessage M. , Brodeur D. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBased on the inclusive and methodologically rigorous framework provided by Ed Zigler's developmental approach, we previously challenged what we called, ‘the mysterious myth of attention deficit’, the fallacy of attention as a universal deficit among persons with intellectual disability (ID). In this latest update, we conducted a systematic review of studies of essential components of attention among persons with ID published in the interim since the last iteration of the mysterious myth narrative was submitted for publication approximately a decade ago. We searched the databases PubMed and PsycINFO for English‐language peer‐reviewed studies published from 1 January 2011 through 5 February 2021. In keeping with the developmental approach, the two essential methodological criteria were that the groups of persons with ID were aetiologically homogeneous and that the comparisons with persons with average IQs (or with available norms) were based on an appropriate index of developmental level, or mental age. Stringent use of these criteria for inclusion served to control for bias in article selection. Articles were then categorised based on aetiological group studied and component of visual attention. Based on these criteria, 18 articles were selected for inclusion out of the 2837 that were identified. The included studies involved 547 participants: 201 participants with Down syndrome, 214 participants with Williams syndrome and 132 participants with fragile X syndrome. The findings from these articles call attention to the complexities and nuances in understanding attentional functioning across homogeneous aetiological groups and highlight that functioning must be considered in relation to aetiology; factors associated with the individual, such as developmental level, motivation, styles and biases; and factors associated with both the task, such as context, focus, social and emotional implications, and levels of environmental complexity.
Measles in non‐human primates
Authors: Dogadov Dmitriy I. , Kyuregyan Karen K. , Goncharenko Alexandra M. , Mikhailov Mikhail I. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIt is six decades since the measles vaccine was first introduced, and yet we continue to see frequent outbreaks of this disease occurring all over the world. Many non‐human primate (NHP) species, including apes, are susceptible to the measles virus. Spontaneous measles outbreaks have been described in a number of zoos and primate centers worldwide. Research into the spontaneous and experimental infection of laboratory primates with measles represents an invaluable source of information regarding the biology and pathogenesis of this virus and continues to be an irreplaceable and unique tool for testing vaccines and treatments. The purpose of this literature review is to summarize and analyze published data on the circulation of the measles virus among free‐living synanthropic and captive primate populations, as well as the results of experiments that have modeled this infection in NHPs.
“The efficacy and adverse effects of treatment options for facial pores: A review article”
Authors: Parvar Seyedeh Yasamin , Amani Maliheh , Shafiei Mohadeseh , Rastaghi Fatemeh , Hosseini Seyed Ali , Ahramiyanpour Najmeh 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionSkin pores are enlarged openings of the pilosebaceous follicles that can be affected by age, gender, genetics, exposure to UV light, ethnicity, and sebum secretion. Many treatment modalities reduce facial pores’ count and area, including oral and topical medications as well as different wavelengths of lasers. Finding a safe and cost‐effective treatment protocol is necessary since facial pores are one of the main reasons for cosmetic complaints.AimThis review compares available treatment options for reducing facial pores’ number and area according to the published clinical trials.MethodsA search on PubMed and Google Scholar was performed. Nineteen published clinical trials regarding treatment options for facial pores were included and reviewed based on the authors’ clinical experience.ResultsA total number of 591 cases (83.7% female) aged 18–80 years were included. Three assessment methods including digital imaging, physician assessment, and patient’ satisfaction were used in the studies to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of each modality. Furthermore, combining different modalities increased the efficacy of reducing pores’ size and number. Mild, reversible burning and erythema were common side effects.ConclusionMultiple sessions and combination therapies improve facial pores’ area and number. In young patients, the focus should be on controlling sebum production, while in older patients, the focus should be on rejuvenation in addition to the control of sebum production.
Abnormal nuclear expression of aquaporin‐3 in lesional and perilesional skin of vitiligo patients: A novel immunohistochemical finding
Authors: Gamil Hend , Assaf Magda , Khater Mohamad , Fawzy Manal 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundVitiligo is a skin disease characterized by a complex etiopathogenesis. Keratinocyte apoptosis may play a role in vitiligo pathogenesis. Aquaporin‐3 (AQP‐3) is an aqua‐glyceroporin that controls keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation.AimTo assess the immunohistochemical expression of AQP‐3 in lesional and perilesional skin of vitiligo patients compared to healthy control skin.MethodsA total of 20 patients with generalized non‐segmental vitiligo and 20 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls were included. Lesional and perilesional skin of vitiligo patients, as well as normal skin of control subjects, were biopsied. The immunohistochemical expression of AQP3 in the epidermis was examined.ResultsCompared to control skin, both lesional and perilesional skin showed a significant reduction in the intensity of membranous staining of AQP‐3 (p < 0.001, p = 0.002, respectively). Moreover, the membrano‐cytoplasmic pattern of AQP‐3 staining was significantly detected in 80% of lesions and 85% of perilesional biopsies, while it was absent in control skin (p < 0.001). Additionally, nuclear AQP‐3 expression was significantly detected in 35% of lesions and 55% of perilesional biopsies, while it was not detected in control skin (p = 0.012, p < 0.001, respectively). No statistically significant difference was detected between lesional and perilesional skin.ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first immunohistochemical research to show a significant abnormal nuclear expression of AQP‐3 in lesional and perilesional skin of vitiligo patients. This abnormality may reflect impaired functions of AQP‐3, leading to keratinocyte apoptosis with subsequent melanocyte death and development of vitiligo.
Co‐administration of tacrolimus and low molecular weight heparin in patients with a history of implantation failure and elevated peripheral blood natural killer cell proportion
Authors: Shen Ping , Zhang Tao , Han Ru , Xie Huixia , Lv Qun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimTo investigate the therapeutic effect of co‐administration of tacrolimus (TAC) and low‐molecular‐weight heparin (LMWH) or LMWH only on pregnancy outcomes in the female with a history of implantation failure and elevated peripheral blood natural killer (pNK) cell proportion in frozen‐thawed embryo transfer cycles.MethodsTo evaluate the pregnancy parameters for 249 patients with ≥2 implantation failures and pNK cell proportion ≥12% by analyzing a retrospective observational cohort study. Sixty patients had received the co‐administration TAC and LMWH (TAC & LMWH group), 85 others had only taken LMWH (LWMH group), and the rest did not take any particular drugs (control group).ResultsThe experimental finding indicated that the TAC & LMWH group and the LMWH group showed higher clinical pregnancy rates than the control group (p < 0.05), and TAC & LMWH group had a much higher live birth rate. According to the binary logistic regression analysis, the combination of TAC and LMWH was conducive to clinical pregnancy and live birth rate and reduced the possibility of miscarriage. It would not affect the result of spontaneous abortion and live birth, although the LMWH was only beneficial to clinical pregnancy. In addition, these findings were similar for these three groups' obstetrical and neonatal outcomes.ConclusionsThe combination of TAC and LMWH can improve clinical pregnancy and live birth rates and reduce the risk of spontaneous miscarriage in patients with a history of implantation failure and elevated pNK ratio. LMWH is also beneficial to clinical pregnancy.
In the Riptide of Control and Trust: Emergence of Control Practices, Suspicion, and Distrust in New Technology Deployment
Authors: Hurmelinna‐Laukkanen Pia , Niemimaa Elina , Rantakari Anniina , Helander Nina 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this study, we focus on the unintended consequences of new technology deployment for control‐trust dynamics. When addressing these dynamics, managers and management researchers often focus on consciously designed and implemented controls and management actions that build, repair, or preserve trust. At the same time, unowned processes – processes that have no single source or purpose – easily go unnoticed. These processes may have effects that are inadvertent and sometimes detrimental. A close‐up ethnographic study of a technology deployment provides insight into the emergence of unintended control practices and shifts in trust. Our findings demonstrate how deployment of new technology prompted a shift in the loci and forms of control and how trust, suspicion, and distrust surfaced asymmetrically as organizational members interpreted in different ways how others were using the new technological features. These developments contributed to the emergence of four unintended control practices: incidental monitoring, organizational surveillance, individual concealment, and collective resistance. Our study highlights the role of unowned processes in the control‐trust dynamics and emphasizes that whether or not control and trust are consciously addressed, both play interactive and evolving roles in organizations.