bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peach Fruit and Leaf Tissue Sensitivity to CGA 152811
Authors: Krewer Gerard W. , Daniell Jeff W. , Couvillon Gary A. , Smith Hurbert R. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Fruit tissue only was treated with concentrations of 0, 240, 360, 480, 600, 720, 840, and 960 ppm of (2-chloroethyl)methyl bis (phenyl methoxy) silane (CGA 15281) applied to 1/3, 1/2, and 2/3 of the fruit surface. Increased abscission of fruit occurred as ovule length increased from 3.5 mm to 13.3 mm when fruit alone were treated. Foliage sprays of the same concentrations with the fruit protected generally had no effect on fruit or leaf abscission. Application of 0.01 ml droplet of CGA 15281 to the abscission zone, peduncle, and fruit cheek caused little fruit removal, but produced chlorosis of the treated area on the fruit. The data suggest that fruit contact with CGA 15281 is necessary for fruit thinning.
‘Slobolt’ Mustard1
Authors: Morelock T. E. , Hall M. R. , Sustrunk W. A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
‘Slobolt’ (Brassica juncea (L.) Czemiak) was developed to provide a longstanding, smooth leaf mustard with improved color of the processed product. These traits will benefit processors and home gardeners due to improved color of the cooked greens and production stability due to slower bolting.
Marketing and Postharvest Management Characteristics of the North American Rose Industry.1
Authors: Prince T. L. , Robertson J. L. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Survey analysis of the major North American rose producers provided a profile of industry marketing and postharvest management practices. The role of the wholesaler in product distribution has diminished, as more than half of the firms now utilize some form of retail distribution. Although most firms perceived little industry-wide uniformity in rose grading, packaging procedures were uniform, with most firms packaging roses in units of 25. The use of floral preservatives has been widely adopted, as nearly 80% of the firms used preservatives in their production operations, but postharvest storage practices have not been optimal, as nearly 45% of the firms stored roses at non-optimal temperatures levels. Most firms indicated that roses last between 5 and 6 days; however, 47% of the firms indicated that rose vase life should extent to 8 days or longer.
Postharvest Effects of Ancymidol on Ficus benjamina L.1
Authors: Peterson N. C. , Blessington T. M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Ficus benjamina were treated with ancymidol [α-cyclopropyl-α- (p- methoxyphenyl)-5-pyrimidine methanol] as a soil drench using 1.0 mg/15-cm pot plus 200 ppm spray. Plants were exposed to dark storage treatments (0, 4, 8, and 12 days) in shipping boxes before being held 4 months in a simulated interior environment (SIE) under 15 μE m−2s−1 photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) from incandescent (INC) lamps or Cool White fluorescent (CWF) lamps. Leaf drop was less for ancymidol-treated plants for all dark storage periods in comparison to untreated plants. In addition, leaf drop was less on plants held in SIE 4 months under INC lamps. Ancymidol-treated plants had better plant grade for all dark storge periods than untreated plants when held under both lamp sources and were superior under INC lamps.
Reduction of Onion Yields by Chlorothalonil1
Authors: Stoffella Peter J. , Sonoda Ronald M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Ten weekly applications of mancozeb, chlorothalonil, or alternate applications of mancozeb and chlorothalonil were made on ‘Granex 33’ and ‘Texas Early Grano 502’ onions (Allium cepa L.). Disease incidence was nil in all treatments, including the unsprayed control. There was no significant difference between the untreated check and mancozeb treatment for all measured yield components. Alternating chlorothalonil with mancozeb significantly decreased marketable yield and size of bulbs. Chlorothalonil alone reduced weight and size of marketable bulbs by 44 and 34%, respectively. Alternate applications of chlorothalonil and mancozeb reduced these values by 27 and 23%, respectively. Response of bulb size to fungicides was affected by both cultivar and harvest date. Chlorothalonil had no influence on the rate of maturation, but it did contribute to yield reduction.
The Influence of Shade on the Growth and Nitrogen Assimilation of Developing Fruits on Bell Pepper1
Authors: Achhireddy N. R. , Fletcher J. S. , Beevers L. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Accumulation of dry mass, total N, protein N, and soluble amino acid N in the developing fruit and seeds of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) was determined at selected intervals following anthesis. The importance of photosynthesis to the growth and nitrogen (N) assimilation in the developing fruit wall plus placenta (FWP) and seeds was evaluated by comparing the growth and accumulation of reduced N in nonphotosynthetic and photosynthetic fruits (covered vs. uncovered). The growth rate of the FWP and seeds was similar under both conditions. After 65 days of growth, the fruits kept in the dark weighed about 15% less than those receiving illumination; seed weight was the same for both treatments. Total N content of the FWP or seed continued to increase up to 55 days after anthesis. The FWP accumulated over 90% of fruit's total N, and there were no significant differences between covered and uncovered fruits. Protein N accounted for about 50% of the total N present in both covered and uncovered fruits.
Influence of Napropamide on Strawberry Growth and Fruit Yield1
Authors: Putnam A. R. , Hancock J. F. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Preplant-incorporated and post-transplant applications of napropamide [2-(α-naphthoxyl)-N, N-diethylpropionamide] were compared with 2 standard preemergent herbicides for safety on newly transplanted ‘Midway’ stawberries (Fragaria X ananassa Duch). Napropamide at rates up to 4.4 kg/ha caused no reduction in stolon or daughter plant production, or in rooting of daughter plants in the first season of growth. There was no adverse effect on fruit yield the following season when compared to hand-weeded controls. The plants responded similarly to the 2 application methods, except that slightly higher yields were obtained when all herbicides were preplant-incorporated.
Influence of Rootstock on Respiration of Dormant Stem and Flower-bud Tissues of ‘Redhaven’ Peach1
Authors: Werner Dennis J. , Young Eric 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Flower bud respiration of ‘Redhaven’ peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] remained relatively constant during rest and increased rapidly after rest termination, but stem tissue respiration remained relatively constant. Three seedling rootstocks (Lovell, Nemaguard, Siberian C) had no significant effect on respiration of flower buds. Stem tissue respiration was significantly higher on seedling rootstocks of Siberian C on most dates, as compared to Nemaguard, with Lovell generally intermediate.
Zinc Accumulation in the Trunk Wood and the Development of Visual Symptoms of Citrus Blight1
Authors: Wutscher Heinz K. , Smith Paul F. , Bistline Fred 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Thirty-one of 104 ‘Pineapple’ orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] trees on rough lemon [C. iimon (L.) Burm. f.] rootstock in a test in southeastern Florida developed blight between 1974 and 1980, when the trees were 5 to 11 years old. Visual rating of symptoms and sampling of trunk wood in April each year showed that development of elevated wood Zn (>5 ppm) and visual symptoms were simultaneous in 42% of the 31 blighted trees; 29% had high Zn in the wood 12 months before visual symptoms, 10% at 24 months, and 13% at 36 months before blight was detected visually. All blighted trees had higher wood Zn levels (7-25 ppm) than the healthy trees (1-6 ppm).
Infiltration and Movement of 45Ca into Potatoes
Authors: Arteca Richard N. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Immediately following vacuum infiltration of 45Ca into ‘Katahdin’ potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) the label was distributed within the tuber in the following manner: 45%, 20%, and 35% in the stem end, bud end, and middle section, respectively. Initially, the bulk of the radioactive calcium was localized 0–5 mm below the periderm layer. However, over a 60–day period, the calcium moved toward the center of the tuber. Temperature had no effect on this process.
Effects of Commercial Waxing on the Content and Composition of Total Wax and on Diffusion Resistance of ‘Delicious’ Apples1
Authors: Espelie Karl E. , Carvalho Simon C. , Kolattukudy P. E. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Chloroform extractions and chromatographic analyses of wax from untreated, washed, and commercially waxed ‘Delicious’ apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) from several locations in Washington showed that the commercial waxing process did not result in qualitative or quantitative changes in the total wax found on the fruits. Waxed apples were more resistant than the untreated apples to water loss before, during, and after 6 months of cold storage.
Seeding Dates and Field Establishment of Wildflowers1
Authors: Salac Sotero S. , Traeger Jayne M. , Jensen Peter N. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The effect of dates of seeding on the field establishment of 12 species of wildflowers was investigated from 1978 to 1980. Seeding in November yielded the highest emergence for Echinacea angustifolia DC. (black samson) and Penstemon grandiflorus Nutt, (shell-leaf penstemon). April seeding promoted maximum emergence of Asclepias tuberosa L. (butterfly milkweed), Lespedeza capitata Michx. (roundhead lezpedeza), Petalostemon purpureum (Vent.) Rydb. (purple prairieclover), Salvia pitcheri Torr. (pitcher sage), and Yucca glauca Nutt, (small soapweed). November and April were equally effective for planting Ratibida pinnata (Vent.) Barnh. (grayhead prairiecone-flower), Liatris punctata Hook, (dotted gayfeather), Liatris aspera Michx. (rough gay-feather), Liatris pycnostachya Michx. (thickspike gayfeather), and Heliathus maximiliani Schrad. (Maximilian sunflower). Plant emergence response to seeding dates was similar to plant stand response for each species.
Chrysanthemum Height Control by Ancymidol, PP333, and EL-500 Dependent on Medium Composition1,2
Authors: Barrett James E. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. plants were grown in media with and without pine bark and treated with drenches of α-cyclopropyl-α-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-pyrimidinemethanol (ancymidol) at 0.25 mg/pot, (2RS,3RS)-l-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(l,2,4-triazol-l-yl) pentan-3-ol (PP333) at 0.25 mg/pot, or α-(l-methylethyl)-α-[4-(trifluoromethoxy) phenyl]-5-pyrimidinemethanol (EL-500) at 0.0625 mg/pot, or two 5000 mg/liter foliar sprays of butanedioic acid mono-(2,2-dimethylhydrazide) (daminozide). Foliar sprays of daminozide controlled plant height equally in both media but drenches of ancymidol, PP333, and EL-500 were not effective when pine bark was included in the medium.
Effects of Osmoconditioning and Fluid Drilling of Tomato Seed on Emergence Rate and Final Yield1
Authors: Wolfe David W. , Sims William L. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Two presowing seed treatments—pregermination and osmoconditioning—were examined for their effects on emergence, seedling growth rate, and yield of ‘UC 82’ tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum mill.). Seeds presoaked in a −5 bar solution of polyethylene glycol-6000 for 7 days prior to planting and fluid-drilled pregerminated seeds had significantly faster emergence rates than the control. There was no treatment effect on total yield, but fluid-drilled seeds which had been presoaked in the osmoticum maintained a developmental advantage over controls throughout the growing season and had a significantly higher percentage of breaker-red fruit at harvest.
Effects of Aluminum-painted and Black Polyethylene Mulches on Bell Pepper, Capsicum annuum L.1
Authors: Porter Wayne C. , Etzel William W. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The marketable yield of bell peppers grown on aluminum-painted polyethylene was significantly greater as compared to that obtained from diphenamid herbicide or hand-cultivated treatments for 2 years, and black polyethylene for 1 year. Two plants in a hill planted in 2 rows on a bed significantly increased yields over double rows of single plants or single rows of single plants on a bed. Average fruit weight was greater from plants planted in a single row.
Urban Horticulture: Horticulture for Populated Areas1
Authors: Tukey H. B. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Urban Horticulture is a new area of scientific horticulture concerned with functional uses of plants to maintain and improve urban environments. “Functional uses” means that plants are used not only for beauty and ornamentation, but also as screens against wind, headlights, and unpleasant views, to influence climate, perhaps to reduce noise and combat forms of air pollution, for essential food and variation in human diet, and to improve the human psyche in densely populated areas. The constituent audiences for urban horticulture are people who utilize plants, primarily in landscape situations, including landscape maintenance and parks personnel, landscape architects, arborists, highway planters, nursery contractors, members of plant societies, and amateur horticulturists.
Inbreeding Depression in Rabbiteye Blueberries
Authors: Lyrene Paul 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Three populations of 2-year-old seedlings of rabbiteye blueberry (Vaccinium ashei Reade) produced by one generation of selfing were compared for seedling survival and vegetative vigor with comparable hybrid populations. Over the 3 populations, the inbred seedlings as compared to hybrids averaged lower in survival (30% vs. 48%), length of 3-tallest shoots (46 vs. 72 cm), and largest-shoot diameter (4.2 vs. 7.2 mm).
Efficacy of Fungicides for Postharvest Treatment of Muskmelon Fruits
Authors: Wade N. L. , Morris S. C. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Fruit of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) were treated with 0–104 mg/liter of the fungicides: benomyl (methyl-1-[butylcarbamoyl]-2-benzimidazole carbamate); etaconazole (l-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-ethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl]-methyl}-1 H-1,2,4-triazole); fenapanil (1-butyl-1-phenyl-1 H-imidazole-1-propanenitrile); imazalil (1-[2-allyloxyl-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]imidazole); and prochloraz (l-{N-propyl-N-[2-(2,4,6-trich-lorophenoxy) ethyl]}carbamoyliinidazole). Damage from Fusarium rots, Geotrichum and Rhizopus soft rots, and Alternaria surface blemish was assessed. Fenapanil, imazalil, and prochloraz had the most useful range of fungicidal activities. Prochloraz was the most efficacious fungicide tested, expressed as disease control per unit concentration of active ingredient.
‘Woodroof’ Pecan
Authors: Daniell J. W. , Brantley B. B. , Heaton E. K. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
‘Woodroof’ pecan [Carya illinoensis (Wang) K. Koch] has been released to provide a disease-resistant, very good quality cultivar for home orchards in the southeastern United States where scab [Fusicladium effusum (Wint.)] is a major disease. Within the past 20 years, scab has greatly reduced pecan yields in home plantings in the southeast where the small number of trees does not justify expensive disease-control equipment (3, 5).
Influence of Mechanical Harvesting on the Quality of Fruit Vegetables
Authors: Studer H. E. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Mechanical harvesting of certain fruit vegetables has been commercially practiced for many years, but only fresh-market tomatoes have been added to that list since 1970 (6). This review includes those fruit vegetable crops for which machine harvesting is an established commercial practice, and considers aspects of the harvesting and handling systems which affect the quality of the fruits.
The Effects of Slow-release Fertilizers on the Growth and Postproduction Performance of Boston Fern
Authors: Gilliam Charles H. , Shumack Ronald L. , Evans Clyde E. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Boston fern [Nephrolepsis exaltata (L.) Schott ‘Compacta’] was grown with 3 rates of 2 slow-release fertilizers and with one rate of liquid fertilization. Greatest fern dry weight occurred with ferns grown with liquid fertilization (20N–0.8P–16.6K) or Osmocote (19N–2.5P–8.3K) at the 1.8 kg N/m3 rate. After 16 weeks of simulated commercial production, one-third of the ferns were moved to a low-light interior environment, while one-third were held in the greenhouse. Six weeks later, ferns moved to the interior environment were greener in color, had greater nutrient content, and exhibited less growth than did ferns held in the greenhouse.
Influence of Size and Orientation of Cranberry Cuttings upon Plant Development
Authors: Welker William V. , Vass George D. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Plants of cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) were propagated from cuttings one to 5 nodes in length. Greater survival and growth were achieved with plants propagated from cuttings with 3 to 5 nodes than those from one or 2 nodes. Plants rooted vertically produced more growth than plants rooted horizontally.
Growth and Yield Responses of Selected Crops to Peroxyacetyl Nitrate
Authors: Taylor O. C. , Temple P. J. , Thill A. J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Greenhouse-grown root, foliage, fruit, and seed crops were exposed to peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) at 0, 5, 10, 20, and 40 ppb, 4 hours per day, twice per week, from germination to maturity of harvestable product. A response of PAN dose and growth or yield parameters was significant only for lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cv. Empire) and Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla, cv. Fordhook). Leaf fresh weight was reduced by 13% in ‘Empire’ lettuce and by 23% in chard in the 40 ppb PAN treatments relative to 0 ppb PAN controls. Peroxyacetyl nitrate at 10 ppb appeared to stimulate the growth of most crops. The threshold for inhibition of growth by PAN, under conditions of 2 exposures per week, appeared to be between 10 and 20 ppb. These results suggest that PAN, at concentrations below the threshold for visible injury, can alter the growth of plants, but that significant reductions in growth or yield may occur only in highly susceptible cultivars of leafy crops.
The National Junior Horticultural Association: A Program for Youth and Leaders in Horticulture
Authors: Taylor J. Lee 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
“I dropped a seed into the earth. It grew, and the plant was mine.” This statement by Liberty Hyde Bailey, taken from A Plant at School, 1903, demonstrates the natural interest that youth have in plants. It was with this interest in mind as well as a need for more horticulture students at the undergraduate level that the National Junior Vegetable Growers Association was founded 50 years ago by Grant Snyder, Univ. of Massachusetts; Arthur Pratt, Cornell Univ.; Howard Brown, The Ohio State Univ.; and Owen Trask, Univ. of Connecticut. Snyder headed the organization for over 35 years and presided over the organization’s name change to the National Junior Horticultural Association to include fruit, flowers, and ornamental horticulture as well as vegetables.
Decadienoate Ester Concentrations in Pear Cultivars and Seedlings with Bartlett-like Aroma
Authors: Quamme H. A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
High levels of decadienoate esters were found in the iso-octane soluble fraction extracted directly from pureed canned fruit of ‘Harvest Queen’, HW-606, ‘Bartlett’, 5 sports of ‘Bartlett’, ‘Surecrop’, and ‘Laxtons Progress’ pear (Pyrus communis L.). These cultivars, with the exception of ‘Surecrop’, had a Bartlett-like aroma. The decadienoate equivalents observed in 19 other cultivars ranged from none to one-half the high group. Higher levels of decadienoate esters were also detected by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) in essences of canned fruit of ‘Bartlett’, ‘Harvest Queen’, and HW-606 with a Bartlett-like aroma than in canned fruit of 3 cultivars with aroma unlike ‘Bartlett’, including ‘Harrow Delight’, HW-607, and ‘Kieffer’. Cultivars with Bartlett-like aroma seem to be characterized by high decadienoate ester level, but high decadienoate ester levels are not necessarily indicative of Bartlett-like aroma. Decadienoate esters were not detected in essences extracted from actively growing or dormant shoots of ‘Bartlett’. Thus, early screening of seedlings for Bartlett-like aroma on basis of decadienoate extraction of the shoot or leaves cannot be effective.
In Vitro Propagation of Japanese Plum (Prunus salicina Lindl. cv. Calita)1
Authors: Rosati Pasquale , Marino Grazia , Swierczewski Chiara 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Tissue cultures of ‘Calita’ Japanese plum started from 5 to 7 mm long shoot tips proliferated at a rate of 10:1 to 20:1 per month when grown on a modified Murashige and Skoog medium with 3% sucrose, 0.75% agar and (in mg/liter) 0.4 thiamine HCl, 100 myo-inositol, 1.0 6-benzylamino purine (BA), 0.1 gibberellic acid (GA3) and 0.1 indolebutyric acid (IBA). Best rooting results were obtained with 2 or 4 mg/liter indolebutyric acid (IBA) at 21°C; raising the temperature to 26° or 30° slowed and decreased rooting unless 0.1 mg/liter GA3 was included in the medium. Activated charcoal in the medium drastically reduced rooting. Rooted cuttings were easily established in soil.
Harvest of Dry Beans in the Pre-Dry Stage of Development: Effect on Yield and Processed Product Quality1
Authors: Kays S. J. , Williams J. W. , Davis D. R. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The effect of time of harvest prior to complete field drying of 2 cultivars of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) was analyzed relative to the quality of the processed product produced. Early harvest did not significantly affect yield (at 10% raw product moisture); however, it did have a significant effect on the quality of the processed product. Typically the processed dark red kidney and pinto beans were more intensely pigmented with later harvest dates, were firmer, and had fewer split seeds. The respiratory rate of the raw product was highly correlated (r = 0.993) with the raw product moisture level. Only small differences were found in the degree of pigmentation of the processed product when comparing the spring with the fall crop of pinto beans. The fall crop of pinto beans had a substantially lower incidence of split beans in the canned product.
Differential Response of Blueberry (Vaccinium) Progenies to pH and Subsequent Use of Iron1
Authors: Brown J. C. , Draper A. D. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Iron chlorosis often develops in blueberries (Vaccinium) grown on soils with a pH above 5.2. Seedlings of 4 blueberry intra- and interspecific progenies, involving V. ashei, V. corymbosum, and V. darrowii, were tested for Fe-efficiency (use of Fe) by growing them in nutrient solutions containing different concentrations of CaCO3 to vary the pH. Plants received Fe during the first 4 harvests (up to 75 days) but received no Fe during the subsequent 2 harvests. The Fe supply for plant growth in the last 2 harvests was limited to that available in the roots. T-65 × US 67 blueberry plants [a 3-species hybrid of V. ashei × (V.darrowii × V. corymbosum)] lowered the pH of the nutrient solution by releasing H+ from their roots which freed Fe from root accumulations and made it available for plant use. ‘Climax’ × T-151 (V. ashei × V. ashei) progeny did not do this. Seedlings of V. corymbosum and those from a cross of V. corymbosum with V. darrowii were intermediate in their response.
Effect of Calcium in Offsetting Defoliation Induced by Ethephon in Pecan1
Authors: Martin G. C. , Campbell R. C. , Carlson R. M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A greenhouse screening system was developed with ‘Curtis’ seedlings of ‘Curtis’ pecan (Carya illinoensis (Wang) K. Koch) to test the effect of Ca in reducing defoliation caused by foliar applications of (2-chloroethyl)- phosphonic acid (ethephon). Ethephon alone at 2000 ppm induced 100% abscission, but the effect could be offset with 0.01 M Ca from several sources. The added Ca increased the freely available Ca in treated leaves. As pH of the solutions containing ethephon alone increased from 2.0 to 8.0, less defoliation occurred.