bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Children's Worlds Psychological Well‐Being Scale in Children Aged 10 and 12 From 30 Countries: Analysis From Classical Test Theory and Item Response Theory
Authors: Moreta‐Herrera Rodrigo , Oriol‐Granado Xavier , González Mònica , Rodas Jose A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study evaluates the Children's Worlds Psychological Well‐Being Scale (CW‐PSWBS) within a diverse international cohort of children aged 10 and 12, utilising Classical Test Theory (CTT) and Item Response Theory (IRT) methodologies. Through a detailed psychometric analysis, this research assesses the CW‐PSWBS's structural integrity, focusing on its unidimensionality and measurement invariance across gender and age groups. The study also analyses the scale's item discrimination and difficulty levels using IRT. Participants: The sample consisted of children from 30 countries, aged 10 and 12 years, offering a broad perspective on psychological well‐being across different cultures and developmental stages. The CW‐PSWBS demonstrates a unidimensional structure, ensuring consistent measurement across genders and age groups. The scale's items exhibit strong discrimination and appropriate difficulty, highlighting its effectiveness in capturing the latent trait of psychological well‐being, particularly at low and average score ranges. Validated by a comprehensive analysis grounded in both CTT and IRT, the CW‐PSWBS emerges as a reliable tool for assessing the psychological well‐being of children aged 10 and 12 across a wide array of cultural contexts. The study affirms the scale's robustness and cross‐cultural validity, making a significant contribution to the field of child psychology.
Changes of Peripheral T Cells in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients
Authors: Lao Juanfeng , Huang Rongjun , Wu Rongcai , Yuan Yulin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundEfficient indicators for evaluating the imbalance of lymphocyte function were crucial to clinical therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. This study aimed to find biomarkers to assess lymphocyte‐mediated immune response in SLE patients.MethodsA total of 81 SLE patients (non‐active: n = 35, active: n = 46) and 70 healthy donors were recruited in the study. Peripheral blood was obtained, and flow cytometry was used to detect circulating lymphocytes.ResultsData showed that the counts of CD3+T, CD4+T, CD8+ T, and NK cells were decreased in active SLE patients compared with non‐active SLE patients and healthy donors. The counts of peripheral T cells were increased in responders but decreased in non‐responders among active patients. In addition, an increase in B cell counts was found in active SLE patients compared with those in the other two groups. Active SLE patients showed higher percentages of memory T cells but lower naive T cells than those in non‐active SLE patients and healthy controls. Activation molecules (CD38 and HLA‐DR) and inhibitory molecule PD‐1 expressions on T cells were significantly higher but percentages of CD28+CD8+T cells were lower in active SLE patients compared with those in the other two groups.ConclusionThis study indicated that monitoring the alterations of circulating lymphocyte counts and surface molecules may be helpful to assess disease activity of SLE patients, even discriminate active and non‐active patients, which was beneficial to choose the best treatment option in clinical therapy.
Development and Validation of a Noninvasive Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopic Method for Bilirubin Estimation in Neonates
Authors: R Chitra , Prince Shanthi , Chandrasekaran Ashok , Sundar Subash 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTJaundice due to excess bilirubin buildup in neonates remains an alarming problem, especially during the very first week of postnatal life. The common method of measuring total serum bilirubin (TSB) levels involves invasive blood testing, which is time‐consuming and uncomfortable for neonates. While noninvasive transcutaneous bilirubinometers (TcB) are available, that often lack accuracy due to interference from other biological chromophores. This study aims to improve bilirubin assessment by developing a noninvasive system that uses diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and a novel algorithm accounting for chromophores like melanin and hemoglobin. Focusing on the sternum as the measurement site, spectra are collected from 285 newborns. Using the proposed algorithm, the bilirubin concentration is calculated at 450, 460, and 470 nm. Compared to TSB levels, the proposed method demonstrated strong accuracy with an average bias of −0.10 mg/dL and narrower limits of agreement of 4.85 mg/dL at 470 nm.
Novel fluorescent probe based on benzotriazole selective detection Hg2+ in real samples
Authors: Liu Yongchun , Wang Ziming , Deng Guowei , Li Jia , Li Yuan , Shi Zhichuan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractA novel reaction probe O‐(2‐(4‐(1H‐benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol‐1‐yl)phenyl)‐4‐oxo‐4H‐chromen‐3‐yl) O‐phenyl carbonothioate (O‐PCBE) synthesized from benzotriazole and benzopyrone. The structure was confirmed by NMR, HRMS, and IR characterization. The probe O‐PCBE was non‐fluorescent until Hg2+ was added, which markedly enhanced fluorescence with an excitation wavelength of 536 nm. The detection mechanism has been thoroughly validated through DFT calculations. Probe O‐PCBE can sensitively detect Hg2+, achieving a detection limit of 1.08 × 10−7 mol/L. Within a pH range of 4–10, the probe exhibits high selectivity, a rapid detection response (2 min), and excellent anti‐interference properties. Additionally, the probe demonstrates good recovery and accuracy in detecting real water samples.
Fermentation and leaching of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste to improve methane production
Authors: Mosquera‐Toscano Hamilton G. , Valdez‐Vazquez Idania , Moreno‐Andrade Iván , González‐Barceló Oscar 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundThe anaerobic digestion of soluble substances extracted from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) results in an enhanced rate and production of methane. However, the influence of substrate fermentation and subsequent leaching on methane output has yet to be investigated. This research aimed to examine the impact of combined fermentation and leaching processes over time on the degree of solubilization, fermentation by‐products and, subsequently, the production of methane from fermented leachates and bagasses.ResultsThe degree of solubilization observed in the non‐leaching experiment was recorded at 12.7%, while the experiment utilizing daily leaching resulted in a solubilization of 22%. The fermented leachate collected at 24 h yielded 457 ± 75 NL CH4 kg−1 VS, which was 1.6 times greater than the methane production from the raw leachate of the OFMSW. In contrast, the fermented bagasse produced after 96 h demonstrated enhanced digestibility, resulting in 264 ± 26 NL CH4 kg−1 VS, or 1.5 times the methane production of the raw fermented bagasse of the OFMSW. The overall energy recoverable from the raw leachate and bagasse of the OFMSW amounts to 1103.6 kJ kg−1 OFMSW. In contrast, the implementation of the fermentation‐leaching method yields a total of 2482.6 kJ kg−1 OFMSW.ConclusionsBy employing fermentation and subsequently leaching the OFMSW, a greater quantity of particulate substrate was solubilized, leading to an improved recovery of fermentation by‐products. Moreover, both methane production and energy recovery experienced an increase, which can be attributed to the soluble substances extracted from the fermented leachate and the enhanced digestibility of the fermented bagasse. © 2025 The Author(s). Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Universal Adhesive Fortified With Inorganic Nanoparticles on Dentin Affected by Caries: A Comprehensive Study Utilizing SEM, EDX, Micro‐Tensile Bond Strength and Antimicrobial Effectiveness
Authors: Al Wadei Mohammed Hussain Dafer , Ahmed Syed Zubairuddin , Almoallim Maei Hesham , Towaireet Fatimah Muneer , Hamad Tameem , Agwan Muhammad Atif , Niazi Fayez Hussain , Noushad Mohammed 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe present lab‐based research aimed to assess the impact of different nanofillers: silver (Ag) chitosan (CH), and arginine nanoparticles (ArgNPs) infused in the eighth‐generation universal adhesive (UA) on the antimicrobial potency, micro‐tensile bond strength (μTBS), and degree of conversion (DC) bonded to carious‐affected dentin (CAD) surface. Forty extracted human molars with Class 1 carious lesions were included. CAD was exposed and samples were allocated into four groups based on the type of adhesive (n = 10): Group 1 (UA), Group 2 (1 wt% AgNPs‐UA), Group 3 (1 wt% CHNPs‐UA), and Group 4 (1 wt% ArgNPs‐UA). Survival rate assessment of inoculated Streptococcus mutans was performed after exposing them to different NPs. Characterization of tested nanoparticles (NPs) was also performed using scanning electron microscopy and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX). The DC of modified and unmodified eighth‐generation adhesive cured and uncured was assessed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Composite was bonded on the CAD and samples underwent artificial aging. Beams were prepared for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and μTBS analysis followed by failure mode assessment using a stereomicroscope. Statistical analysis was conducted using one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's post hoc test to compare the means and standard deviations (SDs) between the different experimental groups (p < 0.05). Group 2 (1 wt% AgNPs‐UA) samples exhibited the lowest S. mutans survival (0.10 ± 0.02 CFU/mL). Whereas Group 1 (UA) displayed the highest survival of tested bacteria (0.41 ± 0.08 CFU/mL). The maximum score of bond strength of composite to the CAD was detected in Group 2 (1 wt% AgNPs‐UA) (21.11 ± 0.59 MPa) samples. However, the μTBS was minimal in Group 1 (UA) (16.18 ± 0.91 MPa). DC between the modified adhesive with 1 wt% AgNPs and the unmodified adhesive was comparable (p > 0.05). The incorporation of 1 wt% AgNPs in eighth‐generation adhesives represents a favorable and reasonable alternative to unmodified adhesives when used on caries‐affected dentin.
Key capabilities required for podiatry graduates: A Delphi consensus study
Authors: Munteanu Shannon E. , Cotchett Matthew , Oates Matthew J. , Frescos Nicoletta , Chuter Vivienne , Frecklington Mike , Butler Marie T. , Haley Nick W. , Menz Hylton B. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIntroductionWork‐readiness is linked to health professional graduates' job performance, satisfaction, engagement and retention. However, there is currently no podiatry‐specific graduate employer work‐readiness survey tool that has been developed with employers of graduate podiatrists. The aim of this study was to conduct a modified Delphi survey to achieve consensus among employers of podiatry graduates on the key capabilities required for podiatry graduates.MethodsA Delphi method of consensus development was used, comprising three online survey rounds. Purposive sampling was used to recruit individuals with extensive experience and knowledge in mentoring and managing graduate podiatrists in Australia or New Zealand. In Round 1, participants were asked to rate agreement/disagreement with 71 items across seven domains relating to capabilities required of podiatry graduates that were extracted from a literature search and steering committee input. Participants were also asked to contribute further ideas in relation to these items, which were incorporated as new items (n = 7) in Round 2. In Rounds 2 and 3, participants re‐appraised their ratings in view of the group consensus. Consensus was defined as ≥75% agreement. In Round 3, participants were also asked to rate the importance of each item as either ‘essential’ or ‘optional’.ResultsTwenty‐five participants (mean [SD] of 14.9 [5.7] years of experience in managing podiatry graduates in clinical practice in Australia or New Zealand) completed Round 1, 24 in Round 2, and 23 in Round 3. Of the 78 items presented to our expert panel, 61 (78.2%) achieved consensus and were accepted, and 17 (21.8%) were excluded. Of the 61 items that achieved consensus, thirty‐nine (63.9%) were rated as ‘essential’ by 75% of more respondents.ConclusionConsensus among employers of podiatry graduates was established on the key capabilities required for podiatry graduates. Sixty‐one items were identified across seven domains, and of these, 39 items were rated as ‘essential’. The findings of this study have the potential to inform the creation of a podiatry‐specific graduate employer work‐readiness tool to provide feedback to podiatry education program providers and new graduates in the workplace.
Urgent Focus on the Surgical Risks of People Living With HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Li Kangpeng , Luo Lingxue , Ji Yunxiao , Zhang Qiang 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWith the widespread promotion and application of antiretroviral therapy in clinical practice, people living with HIV (PLWH) have the potential to live as long as non‐HIV people and the probability of surgery for PLWH has been increasing dramatically. However, the overall postoperative outcome and risk are still unclear. We performed comprehensive and methodical searches in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science without date and language restrictions. Study outcomes included: (1) cure rate, (2) mortality, (3) reoperation rate, (4) incidence of any postoperative complications, (5) length of stay, and (6) operation duration. NOS scores were employed to evaluate bias risk, while publication bias was assessed using funnel plots and Egger tests. Review Manager version 5.4.1, R version 4.4.1, and Stata version 14.0 were employed to determine quantitative analysis, considering a significance level of p < 0.05. A total of 50 studies were included, involving 54 565 PLWH undergoing surgical treatment. Synthesis analysis showed that the mortality (OR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.58−1.83, p < 0.00001), reoperation rate (OR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.36−2.34, p < 0.00001), complication rate (OR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.26−1.95, p < 0.00001), LOS (OR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.28−1.99, p < 0.00001), and operation time (OR = 7.37, 95% CI: 1.14−13.59, p = 0.02) were increased in PLWH. However, there was no significant difference in the cure rate compared to the control group (OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 0.90−1.79, p = 0.18). Subgroup analysis showed that complication rates increased again in orthopedic (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.34−2.05, p < 0.00001) and general surgery (OR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.08−2.74, p = 0.02). However, the type of procedure, publication quality, study type, and patient origin were not sources of complication rate heterogeneity. Meta‐regression showed that CD4 count had no effect on complication rate, but the anti‐retroviral therapy rate had 34.89% explanatory power. There is an increased risk of postoperative death, reoperation, complications, and prolonged hospital stay and surgical duration in PLWH. However, conducting extensive prospective studies across multiple centers is crucial to validate these findings.
Impact of Rural Non‐Agricultural Employment on Eco‐Efficiency of Farmland Utilization in China: Evidence From 31 Years
Authors: Lu Hua , Gong Jiahong , Zhou Laiyou , Wang Guan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTImproving the eco‐efficiency of farmland utilization (EEFU) is crucial for sustainable agricultural practices. This study employs a comprehensive, feasible, generalized least squares model to empirically assess the impact of rural non‐agricultural employment (RNE) on EEFU, revealing variations across grain production areas in China. This study also analyzes the spatiotemporal distribution and convergence of EEFU in China from 1990 to 2020 by using the global undesired super‐efficiency slacks‐based measure model and convergence model. Findings indicate that RNE constantly increases; meanwhile, EEFU initially decreases and then increases, demonstrating absolute β convergence. Provinces with low EEFU present a “catch‐up” effect with those characterized by high EEFU. A U‐shaped relationship between RNE and EEFU is thus recognized: RNE in China generally reduces EEFU but enhances EEFU in major grain‐producing areas. However, this relationship weakens in primary grain‐marketing areas and balanced production‐marketing areas. To improve EEFU, China should provide agricultural outsourcing services for elderly and smallholder farmers, addressing labor shortages, insufficient technology utilization, and low efficiency, thus promoting environment‐friendly production practices. Expanding farmland to achieve economies of scale in farmland utilization is also important for improving EEFU.
Parent's Motivation and Behaviour to Protect Their Children From COVID‐19: A Prospective Test of Self‐Determination Theory
Authors: Chan Derwin K. C. , Wan Alison W. L. , Zhang Chun‐Qing , Hagger Martin S. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThis two‐wave prospective study aims to apply self‐determination theory (SDT) to understand how parents are motivated to protect their young children from COVID‐19. We hypothesised that psychological need support from society and autonomous motivation from parents were predictive of parent's future engagement in preventive behaviours against COVID‐19 for their children.MethodsParticipants were 689 US parents or legal caregivers of 3‐ to 8‐year‐old children. They completed an online survey comprising previously validated measures of psychological need support, autonomous motivation from SDT and behavioural adherence to COVID‐19 prevention at baseline and a 1‐month follow‐up. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling were employed to test the hypothesised relationships.ResultsStructural equation modelling revealed that psychological need support and autonomous motivation at baseline were positively related to parents’ adherence to COVID‐19 preventive behaviours at follow‐up.ConclusionThe findings suggest that the provision of autonomy‐supportive and need‐satisfying social environments may promote greater COVID‐19 preventive behaviours in parents for their children and provide formative evidence to inform future interventions.
Thermally Controlled Multi‐Functional Waveguide Photodetector
Authors: Wang Jianing , Tao Guoyi , Zhang Zimeng , Li Yihang , Xiao Shumin , Huang Chaoran , Song Qinghai , Tsang Hon Ki , Xu Ke 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPhotodetectors are one of the fundamental building blocks in integrated photonic systems. They mainly serve to convert optical to electrical signals by absorbing photons in semiconductors which have a bandgap smaller than the photon energy. The constraint on photon energy in relation to the bandgap of commonly available semiconductor materials hinders the application of integrated photonics for some emerging applications. Here a novel waveguide detector integrated with on‐chip heater is proposed. Tunable bandgap can be achieved via local heating, which changes absorption characteristics. Based on this mechanism, the multi‐functional germanium detector for three different applications including broadband optical communications, optical neural networks, and optical spectral sensing is demonstrated. The proposed photodetector enables high‐speed detection at extended long wavelengths. In an artificial neural network, the controllable photoresponse allows for a tailorable nonlinear activation function to be implemented. It is also capable of retrieving spectral information via a single tunable detector without the need for any other optical components. This work not only proposes a new waveguide photodetector structure but also identify an approach to make multi‐functional photodetectors that can be used in different photonic integration platforms.
Are Quality Improvement and Store Brand Introduction Always Effective Strategies Under the Online Platform Case?
Authors: Wei Jie , Wang Kaili 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTRecently, many platform operators (p‐operators) have introduced store brands (SBs), which brings sales competition with suppliers' national brands (NBs) sold through these p‐operators with reselling or agency‐selling agreement. Confronting the encroachments of p‐operators' SBs, many suppliers usually conduct quality improvement to maintain the high‐end brand reputation of their NBs. We utilize the analytical model to investigate the effectiveness of quality improvement and SB introduction strategies in an online platform supply chain. Results reveal that the supplier always benefits from conducting quality improvement irrespective of the p‐operator's SB introduction strategy. The p‐operator always benefits from introducing SB if the supplier conducts quality improvement under reselling case, whereas this result cannot always hold under agency‐selling case. Although SB introduction hurts the supplier's profit, conducting quality improvement could mitigate the negative effect of p‐operator's SB on the supplier's profit. Counterintuitively, SB introduction may not necessarily decrease the NB's demand when the supplier conducts quality improvement. We also find that the supplier and p‐operator have a chance to achieve Pareto optimality under agency‐selling case, and the increased commission rate or/and brands substitutability would enlarge the chance of achieving Pareto optimality.
An overview of high‐throughput synthesis for advanced high‐entropy alloys
Authors: Xie Tong , Li Weidong , Velisa Gihan , Chen Shuying , Meng Fanchao , Liaw Peter K. , Tong Yang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractHigh‐entropy alloys (HEAs) have revolutionized alloy design by integrating multiple principal elements in equimolar or near‐equimolar ratios to form solid solutions, vastly expanding the compositional space beyond traditional alloys based on a primary element. However, the immense compositional complexity presents significant challenges in designing alloys with targeted properties, as billions of new alloy systems emerge. High‐throughput approaches, which allow the parallel execution of numerous experiments, are essential for accelerated HEA design to navigate this extensive compositional space and fully exploit their potential. Here, we reviewed how advancements in high‐throughput synthesis tools have accelerated HEA database development. We also discussed the advantages and limitations of each high‐throughput fabrication methodology, as understanding these is vital for achieving precise HEA design.