bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fast and eco‐friendly method using atmospheric solids analysis probe mass spectrometry to characterize orange varieties
Authors: Pizzo Jessica Santos , da Silva Jiuliane Martins , Santos Patrícia Daniele Silva , Visentainer Jesui Vergilio , Santos Oscar Oliveira 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOrange fruit is one of the most popular types of fruit in the world, and its juice is the main product of its processing. This study aimed to evaluate a simple, fast, and eco‐friendly methodology, atmospheric solids analysis probe mass spectrometry (ASAP‐MS), to assess the chemical profile of four oranges varieties (Valencia, Folha Murcha, Pera, and Iapar). The oranges' varieties were evaluated for the physicochemical composition (extraction yield, pH, total titratable acidity, total soluble solids [TSS], °Brix), ratio (TSS/TA), and bioactive compounds (ASAP‐MS analysis). The characterization of oranges resulted in great values of oranges yield according to the varieties (44.00–48.10% [w/w], adequate and characteristic acidity [0.73–1.35%], soluble solids content (10.24–13.80°Brix), pH (3.30–3.96), and ratio (7.59–19.90) level for this fruit. This powerful method showed that all analysis procedures were simple, fast, and easy because there is no need to prepare the sample and the analysis time lasted 2 min. Besides, results obtained exhibited a vast array of chemical groups. Principal component analysis (PCA) defined and distinguished the varieties of the orange. Therefore, ASAP‐MS and PCA showed that they are very attractive candidates for routine analysis to monitor the varieties of the orange with its pronounced advantages, besides being contributing to the environment because it does not use any quantities of organic solvents. This methodology was applied for the first time to this type of sample.
Prediction of femoral strength of elderly men based on quantitative computed tomography images using machine learning
Authors: Zhang Meng , Gong He , Zhang Ming 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHip fracture is the most common complication of osteoporosis, and its major contributor is compromised femoral strength. This study aimed to develop practical machine learning models based on clinical quantitative computed tomography (QCT) images for predicting proximal femoral strength. Eighty subjects with entire QCT data of the right hip region were randomly selected from the full MrOS cohorts, and their proximal femoral strengths were calculated by QCT‐based finite element analysis (QCT/FEA). A total of 50 parameters of each femur were extracted from QCT images as the candidate predictors of femoral strength, including grayscale distribution, regional cortical bone mapping (CBM) measurements, and geometric parameters. These parameters were simplified by using feature selection and dimensionality reduction. Support vector regression (SVR) was used as the machine learning algorithm to develop the prediction models, and the performance of each SVR model was quantified by the mean squared error (MSE), the coefficient of determination (R2), the mean bias, and the SD of bias. For feature selection, the best prediction performance of SVR models was achieved by integrating the grayscale value of 30% percentile and specific regional CBM measurements (MSE ≤ 0.016, R2≥ 0.93); and for dimensionality reduction, the best prediction performance of SVR models was achieved by extracting principal components with eigenvalues greater than 1.0 (MSE ≤ 0.014, R2≥ 0.93). The femoral strengths predicted from the well‐trained SVR models were in good agreement with those derived from QCT/FEA. This study provided effective machine learning models for femoral strength prediction, and they may have great potential in clinical bone health assessments.
MicroRNA‐125a/b‐5p promotes malignant behavior in multiple myeloma cells and xenograft tumor growth by targeting DIS3
Authors: Zhang Ting , Wang Lan‐Lan , Guan Jun , Zhou Ying , Cheng Ping , Zou Liang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy with a high prevalence and is characterized by the clonal expansion of malignant plasma cells. As a new tumor suppressor, defective in sister chromatid joining (DIS3) was reported to be a gene closely related to MM. This study elucidated the biological functions and underlying mechanisms of DIS3 in MM. DIS3 mRNA and protein levels were detected using RT–qPCR and western blotting, respectively. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assays, flow cytometry analyses, Transwell assays, and wound healing assays were performed to detect the proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration of MM cells. The binding relationship between miR‐125a/b‐5p and DIS3 was verified using luciferase reporter assays and RNA pulldown assays. Xenograft tumor models were established in nude mice to investigate the effects of miR‐125a/b‐5p and DIS3 on tumor growth in vivo. DIS3 levels were downregulated in MM cells, and DIS3 upregulation inhibited the malignant behaviors of MM cells. Mechanistically, miR‐125a/b‐5p directly targeted the 3′ untranslated region of DIS3. The expression of miR‐125a/b‐5p was upregulated in MM cells, miR‐125a/b‐5p knockdown inhibited the malignant behaviors of MM cells, and the inhibitory effect was reversed by DIS3 downregulation. The results of in vivo experiments indicated that miR‐125a/b‐5p promoted tumor growth by downregulating DIS3. Overall, miR‐125a/b‐5p promotes MM cellular processes and xenograft tumor growth by targeting DIS3.
A Review of Cyclic Olefin Copolymer Applications in Microfluidics and Microdevices
Authors: Agha Abdulrahman , Waheed Waqas , Alamoodi Nahla , Mathew Bobby , Alnaimat Fadi , Abu‐Nada Eiyad , Abderrahmane Aissa , Alazzam Anas 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCyclic olefin copolymers (COC) are amorphous, transparent thermoplastics composed of cyclic olefin monomers (norbornene) and linear olefins (ethene). They are increasingly utilized as fabrication materials for microsystems and microfluidic devices, owing to their promising features of low water absorption, high electrical insulation, long‐term stability of surface treatments, and resistance to a broad variety of acids and solvents. Many manufacturing processes for COC‐based devices have been developed in recent decades. These methodologies are categorized as replication methods or fast prototyping as common in fabrication of thermoplastic microfluidic devices. This review gives a full discussion of the features of COCs, the various production processes, and the numerous selected applications in microfluidic platforms. The review also explores COC's composition and fundamental features, as well as fabrication processes and applications in a variety of fields, investigates the material's potential advantages and uses, and attempts to create a comprehensive list of COC's possible benefits. Due to their unique features and simplicity of fabrication, COCs are projected to advance the future of microfluidics, microsystems, and optofluidics.
Cellulose‐Based Soft Actuators
Authors: Chen Wenbo , Sun Bianjing , Biehl Philip , Zhang Kai 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCompared to other commonly used materials in the field of soft actuators, cellulose offers many advantages such as low cost, sustainability, versatile applications, and abundancy. Due to the enormous and growing demand in the functional flexible electronics industry, cellulose‐based soft actuators are receiving a lot of attention and are undergoing an exciting development. In this focused review, the milestones and recent achievements of cellulose‐based actuators are presented. The actuation energy of the actuators is mainly generated through external stimuli like electricity, temperature, magnetic fields, light, or moisture. Different systems which use these stimuli and corresponding fabrication techniques for these materials, such as self‐assembly and layer by layer deposition are discussed. Further, the currently applied strategies to achieve programmable actions in soft actuators will be reviewed, which allow control over responding deformation. Finally, the pending challenges and some potential solutions in the upcoming development of cellulose‐based actuators are summarized.
Design of multidirection pyramidal 5‐element MIMO antenna for detecting the position of a vehicle in buildings
Authors: Hong Ji‐Hun , Choi Yoon‐Seon , Woo Jong‐Myung 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this study, a multidirection pyramidal 5‐element antenna is designed to detect vehicle position information in the direction of the total hemisphere in real time. An inverted F and L‐shaped inverted antenna in a three‐dimensional arrangement was mounted on a ceiling of an indoor parking lot. The ground plane was folded into the shape of a square pyramid to direct beams into five different directions and each of them was placed 20–30 m away from the Bluetooth system to secure a stable recognition distance. The total size of the multidirectional antenna was 70 mm × 70 mm × 30 mm, and each antenna (#1–#4: L‐shaped inverted antenna, #5: inverted F antenna) retained the radiated characteristics of a broadside on the ground plane. The average of −10 dB bandwidth in the ISM band was 122 MHz (5%), and the average gain was 2.2 dBi. The four L‐shaped inverted F antennas were able to detect 360 degrees of and in the Azimuth direction. Moreover, two L‐shaped inverted F antennas and one inverted F antenna formed a beam on the hemisphere in the direction of an elevation, and the average mutual coupling between the antennas was −22.3 dB.
Pecking order theory and church debt financing: Evidence from the United Methodist church
Authors: Su Min , Yan Wenli , Harvey Nicholas 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn the United States, religious congregations, as an important subset of the nonprofit sector, attract the most civic participation. Unlike other tax‐exempt organizations, churches do not file the annual tax informational Form 990 to the Internal Revenue Service, following the traditional notion of separation of church and state. Due to such an exemption, the church financial market exhibits a more severe information asymmetry problem than the corporate or nonprofit financial markets. The pecking order theory in corporate finance postulates that information asymmetry increases external financing costs, resulting in organizations demonstrating a pecking order of preference: internal funding first, then debt, and lastly, equity. This article presents the first known attempt in examining the pecking order theory in the context of church organizations, which is a large but opaque subset of nonprofit organizations. By examining the revenue and capital structures of over 30,000 United Methodist churches from 2005 to 2018, we find evidence that supports a pecking order in church mortgage loan borrowing. This study increases our understanding of church finance and congregational capital structure. It highlights the value of transparency in the church capital market and fills a significant gap in both the nonprofit finance research and the religious sector literature.
Quantitative description of filler dispersion in composite materials by fractal analysis and fluorescent labeling‐LSCM visualization technology
Authors: Wei Hao , Lv Xiangmeng , Zhao Yuhang , Li Changlin , Yan Huicheng , Sun Rong , Kang Ming 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFiller dispersion is one of the key factors that significantly affect the performance of composite materials. Quantitative description of the dispersion state of fillers in composites and the internal relationship between the dispersion state and the macro‐mechanical properties of composites are very important for the performance design, prediction and processing process control of composites. In order to quantitatively and visually describe the dispersion state of inorganic fillers in matrix, research the relationship between fillers dispersion and composites properties. Here, by the fluorescent labeling technology of inorganic fillers and the surface organic modification technology, a modified fluorescently labeled calcium carbonate (MF‐CaCO3) with red fluorescence effect and good dispersibility was obtained, and polypropylene (PP)/MF‐CaCO3 composites with different loadings were prepared (the weight concentrations of MF‐CaCO3 in filler is 2, 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt%, respectively). The fractal dimension D value for evaluating the uniformity of filler dispersion has been successfully received, based on fractal analysis and fluorescent labeling‐laser scanning confocal microscope three‐dimensional (3D) visualization technology. Through the statistical results of experimental data, it was found that the value of fractal dimension D was obviously negatively correlated with the macroscopic mechanical properties of composite materials. When the dispersion of the filler was the best, that is, the fractal dimension D value took on a minimum and the composites had the best impact resistance. At the same time, this method based on fractal analysis and 3D visualization technology provides a new idea for quantitatively describing the dispersion state of fillers and its relationship with the mechanical properties of composites.
Crosslinked network solid polymer electrolyte with self‐healing ability and high stability for lithium metal battery
Authors: Xue Xiaoyuan , Cao Xiaoyan , Wan Long , Tong Yongfen , Li Tingting , Xie Yu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAll‐solid polymer electrolytes with good self‐healing ability and high stability were designed based on polyoxyethylenebis(amine) (H2N‐PEG‐NH2) and 1,3,5‐benzenetricarboxaldehyde through the Schiff base reaction. The effects of H2N‐PEG‐NH2 of various molecule weights on thermal and electrochemical properties were studied. It was found that shCLSPE‐3400 electrolyte with appropriate PEG chain simultaneously exhibited good thermal stability, excellent self‐healing ability and high mechanical strength, which is due to the introduction of crosslinked network structure and dynamic reversible bonds in the electrolyte. It also showed a high ionic conductivity of 4.8 × 10−4 S cm−1, wide electrochemical stability window (5.1 V) and good lithium ion transfer number (tLi+ = 0.31) with an ethylene oxide/Li + ratio of 20:1 at 25 °C. In addition, a Li|shCLSPE‐3400|LiFePO4 battery with shCLSPE‐3400 as electrolyte was studied, and it showed good reversible specific capacity. Such electrolyte has potential for application in solid‐state batteries, which will facilitate improvement in the safety performance of lithium metal batteries. © 2022 Society of Industrial Chemistry.
The relationship between teacher's gender and deep learning strategy: The mediating role of deep learning motivation
Authors: Song Xin , Yang Xiantong , Wang Qiang , Su Yu , Hong Jon‐Chao 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDeep learning has gradually appeared in the field of teacher education research and is considered as an effective way to promote teacher professional development. To explore the relationship between teacher gender and deep learning strategies, as well as the mediating role of teachers' deep learning motivation, we conducted a questionnaire survey in this study on 429 valid teachers of different genders, ages and backgrounds. The results show that male teachers are more likely to adopt deep learning strategies and deep learning motivations than female teachers. Deep learning motivation is positively correlated with deep learning strategy while negatively correlated with superficial learning strategy. It can be seen that deep learning motivation plays a mediating role between teacher gender and deep learning strategies. These findings expand the understanding of teachers' learning and indicate that in professional development programs, we should pay more attention to the deep learning of female teachers, to help female teachers improve their deep learning motivation and deep learning strategies.
Diagnosis and dilemma: Clinician experiences of the use of ‘borderline personality disorder’ diagnosis in children and adolescents
Authors: Papadopoullos Rose , Fisher Paul , Leddy Adrian , Maxwell Sarah , Hodgekins Jo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBorderline personality disorder (BPD) diagnosis in adolescents is a relatively recent concept and a fast‐emerging research area. Regarded by some as controversial, it is important for research to provide greater understanding of differing perspectives and their impact on the use of this diagnosis. Perspectives of 13 clinicians (therapists, psychiatrists and mental health nurses) were explored, to provide a contemporary understanding of perceptions and use of BPD diagnosis within child and adolescent mental health services in England. A particular focus was to explore dilemmas faced by clinicians and how these dilemmas were negotiated. This research took a qualitative, social constructionist approach to explore the in‐depth views and experiences of each participant. Interviews were analysed using thematic analysis, to seek out patterns and commonalities across these clinical perspectives. Three overarching themes were generated: ‘Who holds the power?’, ‘Dilemmas within the multidisciplinary team (MDT)’ and ‘The weightiness of making this decision’. Professional opinions of an adolescent BPD diagnosis are influenced by dominant and less dominant mental health discourses, including the impact of power, and availability of resources within the service context. The role of meaningful collaboration with young people, clinical implications and directions for future research are discussed.
Direct synthesis of hyperbranched ethene oligomers and ethene‐MA co‐oligomers using iminopyridyl systems with weak neighboring group interactions
Authors: Fan Huijun , Xu Guoyong , Wang Hui , Dai Shengyu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe synthesis of hyper‐branched ethene oligomers through catalytic insertion reactions with late transition metal catalysts is unique in its synthetic and practical scope. In this study, a series of iminopyridyl Ni(II) and Pd(II) complexes with electron‐rich distal aryl motifs were synthesized and characterized. These complexes were very efficient in ethene oligomerization and co‐oligomerization with methyl acrylate (MA). Hyperbranched ethene oligomers with different microstructures were generated using different metal species in ethene oligomerization. More importantly, hyperbranched ethene‐MA co‐oligomers with varying incorporation ratios were generated via ethene and MA co‐oligomerization using the Pd(II) complexes. Most notably, weak neighboring group interactions of distal aryl motifs in the nickel system are more effective in influencing the microstructure of ethene oligomers than the corresponding palladium system.
Aphicidal activity of farnesol against the green peach aphid – Myzus persicae
Authors: Cantó‐Tejero Manuel , Guirao Pedro , Pascual‐Villalobos María Jesús 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDMyzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is considered one of most important agricultural pests in the world. It is one of the main pests in protected pepper crops under glasshouse conditions in Southeastern Spain, but its control is limited as a consequence of the few available authorized insecticides and their incompatibility with the natural enemies. Some essential oils and pure compounds such as anise (Pimpinella anisum) or farnesol are repellent and/or toxic to aphids. Their use as a botanical insecticides can be an alternative for aphid control in pepper.RESULTSThe effect of farnesol was evaluated against M. persicae in a new bioassay developed to test the contact effect (aqueous formulation of the products) on aphids in laboratory conditions. Aniseed essential oil, geraniol and (Z)‐jasmone at 0.6% causes an aphid mortality of >50%; and farnesol was the most effective (93.67% mortality). Farnesol nanoemulsions between 0.2% and 0.6% were formulated with an IKA‐Labor Pilot dispersing machine (7940 rpm for 10 min) using Tween 80 as a surfactant. These formulations were tested on field experiments (glasshouse conditions) on pepper crops for 2 years. Foliar applications of farnesol at a concentration of 0.4% in field conditions causes a high reduction in aphid populations, with efficacies of ≈70–80% with respect to the control, similar to or even higher than the efficacy of the reference pyrethrin insecticide.CONCLUSIONFarnesol showed a great aphicidal effect against M. persicae. The use of this molecule in integrated pest management programs combined with natural enemies is a good option for future control of M. persicae. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Accuracy of Swan‒Ganz catheterization‐based assessment of right ventricular function: Validation study using high‐fidelity micromanometry‐derived values as reference
Authors: Shima Hideki , Nakaya Toshitaka , Tsujino Ichizo , Nakamura Junichi , Sugimoto Ayako , Sato Takahiro , Watanabe Taku , Ohira Hiroshi , Suzuki Masaru , Kato Masaru , Yokota Isao , Konno Satoshi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRight ventricular (RV) function critically affects the outcomes of patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH). Pressure wave analysis using Swan‒Ganz catheterization (SG‐cath) allows for the calculation of indices of RV function. However, the accuracy of these indices has not been validated. In the present study, we calculated indices of systolic and diastolic RV functions using SG‐cath‐derived pressure recordings in patients with suspected or confirmed PH. We analyzed and validated the accuracies of three RV indices having proven prognostic values, that is, end‐systolic elastance (Ees)/arterial elastance (Ea), β (stiffness constant), and end‐diastolic elastance (Eed), using high‐fidelity micromanometry‐derived data as reference. We analyzed 73 participants who underwent SG‐cath for the diagnosis or evaluation of PH. In this study, Ees/Ea was calculated via the single‐beat pressure method using [1.65 × (mean pulmonary arterial pressure) − 7.79] as end‐systolic pressure. SG‐cath‐derived Ees/Ea, β, and Eed were 0.89 ± 0.69 (mean ± standard deviation), 0.027 ± 0.002, and 0.16 ± 0.02 mmHg/ml, respectively. The mean differences (limits of agreement) between SG‐cath and micromanometry‐derived data were 0.13 (0.99, −0.72), 0.002 (0.020, −0.013), and 0.04 (0.20, −0.12) for Ees/Ea, β, and Eed, respectively. The intraclass correlation coefficients of the indices derived from the two catheterizations were 0.76, 0.71, and 0.57 for Ees/Ea, β, and Eed, respectively. In patients with confirmed or suspected PH, SG‐cath‐derived RV indices, especially Ees/Ea and β, exhibited a good correlation with micromanometry‐derived reference values.
Wiener–Hammerstein nonlinear system identification using spectral analysis
Authors: Brouri Adil 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a new approach is developed for the identification of Wiener–Hammerstein model structures. Unlike several other papers, the transfer functions of linear elements are of unknown structure. Indeed, the linear subsystems are not necessarily parametric or FIR. Furthermore, the function of nonlinear block can be nonparametric and noninvertible. The main challenge in identifying a Wiener–Hammerstein system lies in the separation of the dynamics over the input and the output LTI elements. Presently, this issue does not arise, without any conditions being imposed on the frequency band. Then, a two‐stage identification method is suggested. Firstly, the system is excited by a set of constant inputs to capture the system nonlinearity. In the second stage, an identification approach based on the spectral analysis and using periodic input signals is developed to determine the linear elements parameters. In the present method, very interesting concepts are used, like the Fourier decomposition, the frequency approach and the spectrum analysis. Simulations demonstrate that the proposed identification method is both effective and efficient.