bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Factors That Affect the Degree of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Very Preterm Infants: A 5-year Retrospective Study
Authors: Yang Tingting , Shen Qianqian , Wang Siyu , Dong Tianfang , Liang Liang , Xu Fan , He Youfang , Li Chunlei , Luo Fang , Liang Jiahong , Tang Chunhui , Yang Jinghui 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
BackgroundBronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD) is one of the most common adverse consequence of premature delivery and the most common chronic lung disease in infants. BPD is related to long-term lung diseases and neurological development disorders, particularly respiratory and nervous system damage can be sustained to adulthood. The adverse effects caused by severe BPD are more prominent, but there were few studies on the risk factors of different degrees of BPD.MethodsThis is a retrospective study of preterm infants born before 32 gestational weeks(GA) with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.Results250 preterm infants with BPD GA< 32 weeks were enrolle(137 boys[54.8 %] and 113 girls[45.2 %]). The birth weight ranged from 700g to 2010g (average birth weight 1318.52g). The GA was 25~31+6 weeks (average GA 30.0 weeks). There were 39 (15.6 %), 185 (74.0 %) and 26 (10.4 %) cases of mild, severe and severe BPD respectively. There were significant differences in birth weight and in the rate of intrauterine asphyxia, pulmonary hemorrhage, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS), circulatory failure, pulmonary hypertension, patent ductus arteriosus(PDA), pulmonary surfactant(PS), aminophylline, caffeine, glucocorticoids, tracheal intubation, diuretics, and parenteral nutrition length among the three groups(P<0.05). Birth weight(aOR=0.993,95%CI:0.989~0.997) and duration of parenteral nutrition(aOR=2.966,95%CI:1.992~4.415) are independent risk factors for the moderate BPD, and birth weight(aOR=0.997, 95%CI:0.995~0.999) , duration of parenteral nutrition(aOR=1.163, 95%CI:1.017~1.329), PDA (aOR=4.325, 95%CI:1.457~12.997) and aminophylline (aOR=4.882, 95%CI:1.661~14.350) are independent risk factors for the severe BPD, while caffeine (aOR=0.167, 95%CI: 0.052~0.538)was a protective factor for severe BPD.ConclusionLow birth weight and longer duration of parenteral nutrition were independent risk factors for moderate or severe BPD. PDA and aminophylline were independent risk factors of severe BPD, while caffeine was a protective factor for severe BPD.Trial registrationretrospectively registered.
Settlement and infrastructure patterns influence energy use and CO2 emissions almost as much as economic activity
Authors: Haberl Helmut , Löw Markus , Perez-Laborda Alejandro , Matej Sarah , Plank Barbara , Wiedenhofer Dominik , Creutzig Felix , Erb Karl-Heinz , Duro Juan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Spatial patterns of settlements and transport infrastructures are known to influence per-capita energy use and CO2 emissions at the urban level1–4. At the national level, other potential determinants of energy use and CO2 emissions, primarily GDP, received much attention5–7, whereas the role of settlements and infrastructure patterns was disregarded due to lacking data. We present a set of novel national-level indicators derived from global satellite- and crowd-sourced maps to characterize extent and spatial patterns of settlements and infrastructures. We quantify these indicators for 113 countries and statistically analyze the results along with final energy use and territorial CO2 emissions, as well as factors usually considered in IPAT (impact = population x affluence x technology) approaches. We find that our indicators have similar explanatory power for energy use and CO2 emissions as GDP and IPAT factors. Covariates include built-up area, urban population density, the spatial clustering of built-up land, as well as transport networks, in addition to the effect of GDP. We conclude that the extent and spatial layout of settlements and infrastructures strongly affects resource use and emissions. Resource-sparing settlements and transport networks are under-appreciated options for reducing energy use and CO2 emissions.
Inhibitory Activity of Soy Cell Culture Extract on Tyrosinase Activity and Melanin Formation in ⍺ -MSH Induced B16-F10 Melanoma Cells
Authors: Bodurlar Yıldız , Caliskan Mahmut 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background Hyperpigmentation particularly in the cosmetic industry is one of the most important issue that causes excess production and accumulation of melanin. Nowadays, some materials such as kojic acid and its derivatives and arbutin as a skin whitening are used to overcome hyperpigmentation. Since they have side effects such as skin irritation and contact dermatitis, the new surveys focus on agents which are natural and have no side effect.Methods and Results In the present study, we investigated that effect of soy cell culture extract on α-MSH induced melanogenesis in B16-F10 melanoma cells. We found that the soy cell culture extract supressed melanin sythesis and showed anti tyrosinase activity on B16-F10 melanoma cells in a dose dependent manner without cytotoxicity. In addition, we determined that soy cell culture extract suppressed the expression of TYR, TRP1, TRP2 and MITF at both the gene expression and protein level. Conclusions In conclusion, according to the current results, soy cell culture extract has high potential for using as an ingredient in skin whitening products.
Qualitative Study on the Use and Maintenance of Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) in Bouaké (Côte d'Ivoire), 17 Months After the Last Mass Distribution Campaign
Authors: N’GUESSAN Gnagoran Kouakou Daniel , COULIBALY Fangala Hamidou , BARREAUX Antoine Marc Gaby , YAPO Roseline Josée , ADOU Kouassi Arsène , TIA Emmanuel , FOURNET Florence 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: The long-lasting insecticide-treated net (LLIN) is one of the main malaria prevention tool promoted by the WHO in Côte d'Ivoire. LLIN-coverage has reached 95% since 2015 and nearly 16 million LLINs were distributed in 2017. Despite these efforts, malaria incidence at the national level remains high (120‰ in 2012 to 164‰ in 2017) although this could be partly explained by increased screening efforts. Our goal was to determine the means of protection against mosquitoes as well as the LLIN maintenance practices of the populations in the city Bouaké, capital city of the Gbêkê region with a malaria incidence of 257‰ in 2017.Methods: An exploratory-descriptive qualitative investigation took place in Bouaké, in four neighbourhoods that were selected through purposive sampling based on their social composition. Data were collected using a questionnaire based on convenience sampling.Results: The study revealed that LLINs are the most used means of protection (66.4%). Environmental hygiene was second (28.8%), smoke coils third (23.5%) and aerosol cans last (18.8%). The proportion of the respondent that slept with an LLIN the night before was of 53%. 57.7% of respondents washed their LLINs, 12.1% did not wash them, and 4% replaced dirty ones with new ones. The LLINs washing methods described by the respondents did not comply with the WHO recommend actions and there was no mention of LLINs repairs.Conclusion: Despite mass distributions of LLINs in Côte d'Ivoire, this key malaria control tool remains underused by the population. Regarding LLIN maintenance, more than half of the population did wash the nets but without following the recommendations or repairing them.
Thioredoxin-Glutathione and Lipoamide Systems Act as A Backup in Supporting Ribonucleotide Reductase Catalysis in Absence of Thioredoxin Reductase
Authors: Chatterji Ajanta , Sachin Kumar , SENGUPTA RAJIB 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the conversion of ribonucleotides (NTPs) to deoxyribonucleotides (dNTPs) for the nucleotide biosynthesis. The thioredoxin system have been widely identified as hydrogen group donor for RNR catalysis. Herein, we report that glutathione (GSH) acts as a backup in supporting RNR catalysis via the Trx-GSH system in absence of TrxR. Our data also shows that the lipoamide system is capable of sustaining RNR activity in the complete absence of either Trx or glutaredoxin systems. Thus, our data corroborately supports the potential redundancy between the various antioxidant systems might seemingly emerge as a novel strategy utilized by cancer cells to sustain DNA synthesis and necessitate simultaneously targeting multiple antioxidant systems as a promising therapeutic strategy.
The Predictive Factors of Fracture in Patients with Fibrous Dysplasia of Proximal Femur
Authors: Liu Wenzheng , Yu Xiuchun , Xu Ming 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective
To explore the influencing factors of fracture in patients with fibrous dysplasia (FD) of proximal femur.
Methods
Retrospective clinical observational study. A total of 49 patients with fibrous dysplasia of proximal femur who were examined and diagnosed at Department of orthopaedics of the 960th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistics Support Force between January 2016 and January 2021 were included in the study. Among these patients, 27 were male and 22 were female. The average age was 30.8 years. There were 19 cases of monostatic fibrous dysplasia(MFD), as well as 35 cases of polystatic fibrous dysplasia(PFD) and McCune-Albright syndrome. All patients were examined by body mass index(BMI), bilateral hip X-ray film, femoral neck shaft angle measurement and bone metabolism, including N-terminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen (PINP), type 1 collagen carboxyl terminal peptide(β-CTx) and osteocalcin(OST). We divided the clinical and anatomical classification of all patients, and they were divided into fracture group and non fracture group according to whether they were fractured or not. Clinical data and imaging characteristics were analyzed retrospectively.
Results
In univariate analysis, there were statistically significant in clinical classification, anatomical classification, femoral neck shaft angle and osteocalcin (P༜0.01). In multivariate logistic analysis, there were statistically significant in anatomical classification, femoral neck shaft angle and osteocalcin (P༜0.05).
Conclusions
Anatomical classification, femoral neck shaft angle and osteocalcin are the important predictive factors of fracture in patients with fibrous dysplasia of proximal femur. We may effectively predict and prevent the fracture of patients with fibrous dysplasia of proximal femur through the examination of anatomical classification, femoral neck shaft angle and osteocalcin. In order to improve the accuracy and robustness of the conclusions and provide better clinical guidance, we need to conduct more comprehensive research in the subsequent clinical work.
Preparation and Identification of a single domain antibody specific for the Adenovirus Vectors
Authors: Cheng Yi , Hao Yanxia , Zhang Huimin , Liu Yanlong , Ao Kexin , Fu Shan , Wu Qiyao , Wang Zhi , Bao Fuxiang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Adenovirus belongs to the family of Adenoviruses, as a vaccine carrier, it not only has high safety, but also can stimulate the body to produce cellular immunity and humoral immunity. In this study, We aimed to prepare the adenoviral vectors specific single domain antibody to use in adenovirus identification and purification. We successfully constructed a single domain antibody phage display library with the capacity of 1.8×109 by immunizing and cloning the VHH gene from the Bactrian camel. After second round of biopanning, the clones specific for adenovirus were screened by Phage ELISA. Twenty-two positive clones were obtained, and two clones with the highest binding affinity from ELISA were selected and named as sdAb 5 and sdAb 31 respectively for further application. The recombinant single domain antibody was soluble expressed in E. coli, and can specifically bind to adenovirus rAd26, ChAd63 and Had5 in ELISA assay and in live cell immunofluorescence. At last, we established an effective method for immunoaffinity purification of adenovirus by immobilizing the single domain antibody to Sepharose beads, and it can be used to selectively capture Adenoviruses from cell culture medium. The preparation of the adenovirus specific single domain antibody was laying a foundation for the one-step immunoaffinity purification and identification of Adenoviruses.
Thermal structure of the island arc crust, northeast Japan
Authors: Ishikawa Masahiro 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The thermal structure of the Japan island arc, one of the most active parts of volcanism, occupying over 10 percent of the worldwide volcanoes, remains an enduring problem. The key to understanding geothermal development is estimating the temperature distribution in the deep crustal depth of island arcs. This study extracts the temperature component from deep crustal seismic tomography. The deep crustal temperature map shows that the deep crustal high-temperature zone along the volcanic front (the Ou Backbone Mountains) and the high-temperature parts extend towards the Quaternary volcanos in the west, which corresponds to the hot finger model. The deep crustal high-temperature part also exists around Iide mountain, where no Quaternary volcanoes exist. The high-temperature part without volcanic activity suggests heat transfer due to high-temperature fluid from the mantle. A deep crustal low-temperature zone develops along the Miocene rift around the eastern margin of the Japan Sea. The low temperature probably reflects the small heat generation due to the small amount of radioactive elements in the mafic crust.
The Socioeconomic Burden of Pneumonia Due to Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in Korea: A Prospective Case-Control Study
Authors: Kim Chung-Jong , Song Kyoung-Ho , Choi Nam-Kyong , Ahn Jeonghoon , Bae Ji Yun , Choi Hee Jung , Jung Younghee , Lee Seung Soon , Bang Ji-Hwan , Kim Eu Suk , Moon Song Mi , Song Je Eun , Kwak Yee Gyung , Chun Shin Hye , Kim Yeon-Sook , Park Kyung-Hwa , Kang Yu Min , Choe Pyoeng Gyun , Lee Shinwon , Kim Hong Bin , (KIND) Korea INfectious Diseases study Group 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We aimed to estimate the socioeconomic burden of pneumonia due to multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MRAB) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MRPA).We prospectively searched for MRAB and MRPA pneumonia cases and matched them with controls with susceptible-organism pneumonia and non-infected cases from ten hospitals over a 6-month period. The matching criteria were: same principal diagnosis, same surgery or intervention during hospitalization, age (years ± 10), sex, and admission date within 60 days. The total additional direct medical cost was estimated by the multistate model. A total of 108 cases of MRAB pneumonia [MRAB-P] and 28 cases of MRPA pneumonia [MRPA-P] were identified. The 90-day mortality rate was 37.0% and 39.3% for MRAB-P and MRPA-P, respectively. The additional medical costs were $42,203 and $35,556 for MRAB-P and MRPA-P, respectively. The estimated number of MRAB-P and MRPA-P cases were 1,309–2,483 and 339–644, respectively with estimated deaths being 485–920 and 133–253 in a year, respectively. The annual socioeconomic burden was $12,053,593–$22,898,271 and $15,241,883–$28,994,008, respectively. We estimated that MRAB-P and MRPA-P occurred in 1,648–3,172 patients, with 618–1,173 deaths, and caused $27,295,476–$51,892,279 in socioeconomic burden nationwide. It is time to investigate and invest in prevention of multidrug-resistant bacterial pneumonia.
The Combinatory Effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and Thiamine on Skin of Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Mice; A Stereological and Biochemical Study
Authors: dehkordi Rahmat Allah Fatahian , Sekineh Pasalar , Dehkordi Saied Habibian , Karimi Bahnaz 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Various studies have shown that ZnO NPs as an anti-diabetic agent can be effective in the experimental model of diabetes. This study aimed to investigate treatment effects of ZnO NPs plus thiamine on histo-stereological and biochemical parameters in the diabetic mouse skin. In total 49 BALB/C mice were used and divided into seven groups. Fourteen mice were equally considered as the control and thiamine groups (groups I and II). The rest of the mice were injected with alloxan (220 mg/kg) to induce diabetes; one untreated diabetes group (group III). Other diabetic mice were treated with ZnO NPs (0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg) alone (groups IV and V, respectively) and along with thiamine (groups VI and VII, respectively). Body weights of mice at days 0, 10, and 20 were calculated to appraise weight gain. Stereological and biochemical parameters were measured to evaluate diabetes effects in all groups. An increase in weight was observed in the diabetic group compared to the control group. Diabetic skin showed decreasing in volume density of collagen bundles and decreasing in the epidermis and dermis thickness, as well as an increase in the hypodermis's thickness. Administration of ZnO NPs (0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg) alone and along with thiamine in the diabetic animals resulted in anti-hyperglycemic activity, reducing GGT, BUN, Cr, MDA, and NO levels in treated diabetic mice. In conclusion, the concomitant use of ZnO NPs along with thiamine presents the potential as a combination therapy for the treatment of alloxan-induced diabetic mice skin changes.
NCAPH Is a Prognostic Biomarker and Associated With Immune Infiltrates in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Meng Jun , Li Chao , Zhang Tongtong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Non-SMC Condensin I Complex Subunit H (NCAPH) plays regulatory role in various cancers. However, its role on prognosis and immune infiltrates in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains unclear. This study try to explore expression of NCAPH in tumor tissues and its association with immune infiltrates and prognostic roles in LUAD patients. Patients characteristics were from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA). Integrated analysis of TCGA showed NCAPH was over-expression across cancers including LUAD. NCAPH expression was verified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting in 20 LUAD matched tissues. NCAPH-high expression was significantly related to T, N, M, pathologic stage, primary therapy outcome and smoke by using Wilcoxon rank sum test. Cox- and Kaplan–Meier analysis showed NCAPH-high group was associated with shorter OS. PFI and DSS in NCAPH-high group were significantly decrease. Multivariate analysis showed NCAPH was independent prognosis factor. Gene set enrichment analysis demonstrated G2M checkpoint, ncRNA metabolic, memory B cells, KRAS, E2F targets and MIER1 process were significantly associated with NCAPH expression. Single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis indicated NCAPH expression was associated with levels of Th2 and Mast cell. Impact of NCAPH on malignant phenotype were evaluated by MTT, transwell, cell-cycle and apoptosis assay in vitro. Malignant phenotype of LUAD cells was inhibited if NCAPH was knocked down. In conclusion, this research indicates that NCAPH could be a potential factor for predict prognosis and a new biomarker in LUAD.
Exploring key gene in Acute myeloid leukemia with weighted genes co-expression network analysis
Authors: Zhang Hang , Gao Yue , Jia Yinnong , Shen Yang , Zhang Qing , Han Lei , Zhang Hengdong , Zhu Baoli , Yu Tingting , Xu Ming 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose: This study applied the WGCNA method to calculate the data of AML acquired from the TCGA database to discover the genes that are highly related to AML, and figure out key genes from these highly expressed genes, providing novel potential targets and biomarkers for therapy.Methods: The TCGA-AML was downloaded to construct gene co-expression module according to the correlation of genes, and the most significant module exhibiting the highest correlation coefficiency with clinical characteristics was selected. The Cox proportional hazards model was selected for gene survival analysis to screen risk factors related to AML death. Time-dependent ROC was analyzed to screen the genes with the largest ROC curve area and identified as the key genes, and Cox model forest and Nomogram method were constructed to verify the prognosis model.Results: According to the correlation of gene expression, 22 co-expression modules were found. The Grey60 module was significantly positively correlated with clinical characteristics (Cor=0.27, P<0.001). PTCRA, SLC4A3, SERPINF1, PPM1, and MB were screened by survival analysis. Furthermore, PPM1J with the largest AUC area was selected as the key gene. The death risk of the PPM1J high expression group was 2.83 times higher than that of the PPM1J low expression group. The survival rates of patients with different ages and cytogenetic risk types were statistically significantly different (P <0.05). Nomogram displayed that the expression of PPM1J in patients has a great impact on the survival time. The predicted 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival rates of patients in the low-expression group of PPM1J are >85%, >85%, and >70%, respectively, while the 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival rates of patients in the high-expression group are significantly decreased to 65%, 35%, and 20%, respectively.Conclusion: In this study, the PPM1J gene was screened out by constructing a gene co-expression network, which may become a potential genetic biomarker, affecting the occurrence and prognosis of AML.
Histidine-Rich Glycoprotein and Stanniocalcin-2 High Affinity Interactions with Inflammatory Cells
Authors: Claesson-Welsh Lena , Skare Tor Persson , Kaito Hiroshi , Durall Claudia , Aastrup Teodor 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The plasma protein Histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG), is implicated in macrophage polarization to an M1 antitumoral phenotype. The broadly expressed, secreted protein Stanniocalcin 2 (STC2), also implicated in tumor inflammation, is an HRG interaction partner. With the aim to biochemically characterize the HRG and STC2 complex, binding of recombinant HRG and STC2 preparations to each other and to cells was explored using quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) methodology. Protein functionality was tested in a phagocytosis assay, where HRG increased phagocytosis by monocytic U937 cells while STC2 suppressed HRG-induced phagocytosis. Binding of HRG to STC2 measured using QCM showed an affinity between the proteins in the nanomolar range, which occurred in a conformation-dependent manner. Both HRG and STC2 bound individually and in combination to vitamin D3-treated, differentiated U937 monocytes. HRG, but not STC2, also bound to formaldehyde-fixed U937 cells irrespective of their differentiation stage, involving both a high affinity interaction and binding to heparan sulfate. These data show that binding of HRG to STC2 occurs with high affinity and that HRG and STC2 bind to separate sites on U937 monocytes, suggesting that they exert their effects through distinct cell surface entities.