bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A inserção das mulheres nas engenharias
Authors: Tavares Gisele Virginia , Moreira Ródion 
Published: October 2022

São muitos os desafios encontrados pelas mulheres no processo de inserção ao mercado de trabalho, principalmente em algumas áreas de atuação como as engenharias que por muitos anos foram vistas como áreas profissionais direcionadas ao universo masculino, onde na atualidade a mulher também tem atuado com excelência. Diante do crescimento de oferta de cursos de graduação na área das Engenharias e da atual predominância de homens na sala de aula, na busca de identificar, quais os principais desafios encontrados pelas mulheres na área das engenharias, deu-se a realização desta pesquisa qualiquantitativa, através do método de coleta de dados primários, por meio de questionário direcionado as engenheiras registradas no CREA – SP, com objetivo de refletir acerca deste processo de desigualdade profissional entre homens e mulheres, a pesquisa trouxe indícios de assédio moral e de gênero na construção da identidade profissional, onde a maior dificuldade apresentada pelas mulheres estão relacionadas em obter igualdade de oportunidade e salarial para que possa ter espaço justo em relação a competividade com o sexo masculino.
Produção de mudas de pimenta malagueta em resposta à profundidades de semeadura e recipientes
Authors: Jaezeszen Mario , Pessenti Isabela Leticia , Carvalho Flávio Corrêa de 
Published: October 2022

Esse trabalho teve por objetivo determinar a profundidade de semeadura e o recipiente ideais para a produção de mudas de pimenta malagueta. O trabalho foi realizado no município de Palmeira-PR entre os meses de janeiro e fevereiro de 2022. As mudas de pimenta malagueta foram conduzidas em local protegido com sombrite branco e irrigação manual. Os tratamentos determinados foram implementados em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2X3, onde o primeiro fator correspondeu aos dois recipientes utilizados (bandeja de poliestireno e sacos plásticos), e três profundidades de semeadura (0, 1 e 2 cm), com quatro repetições por tratamento e 4 mudas por repetição. As variáveis foram analisadas 37 dias após a semeadura, avaliando-se: número de folhas, diâmetro de caule, altura de planta, comprimento de raiz e porcentagem de emergência. Houve interação significativa entre os fatores em todas as variáveis analisadas; somente a porcentagem de emergência apresentou efeito isolado da profundidade de semeadura. Recomenda-se a produção de mudas de pimenta malagueta em sacos plásticos (3000 cm³) e com suas sementes semeadas em profundidas de 1 ou 2 cm, pois, apresentam características vegetativas desejáveis de melhor qualidade quando comparadas as bandejas de 72 células (121,2 cm³) e profundidade de semeadura superficial de 0 cm.
Nível de conhecimento sobre a incontinência urinária e tratamento fisioterapêutico entre mulheres idosas
Authors: Siqueira Mayara Líddya Ferreira , Lucena Renata Newman Leite dos Santos , Lucena Eleazar Marinho de Freitas 
Published: October 2022

A incontinência urinária consiste em uma questão de saúde pública que afeta as mulheres idosas, no entanto a maior parte da população idosa desconhece o papel da fisioterapia na melhora dessa condição. Esse estudo teve por objetivo investigar o nível de conhecimento sobre a incontinência urinária (IU) e o tratamento fisioterapêutico entre mulheres idosas. Foi um estudo exploratório e quantitativo com mulheres com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos por meio de formulário eletrônico após divulgação e convite em redes socais. A amostragem, portanto, foi por acessibilidade e conveniência, e as voluntárias responderam questões referentes a características sociodemográficas, situação de saúde, hábitos de vida e dados obstétricos; e o questionário ‘Incontinence Quiz’ que possui perguntas acerca do conhecimento sobre a Incontinência Urinária e Tratamento Fisioterapêutico. Os dados quantitativos foram avaliados por meio da estatística descritiva e inferencial, sendo apresentados em tabelas para melhor delineamento dos resultados. A prevalência de idosas incontinentes do estudo foi de 38,2%, o teste de qui-quadrado apontou associação significativa entre ter IU e número de partos (p<0,001), e entre ter IU e cirurgias ginecológicas (p<0,000). 96,2% das idosas investigadas não procuraram atendimento fisioterapêutico, enquanto que 20,3% destacaram a falta de conhecimento como principal barreira para a busca do serviço de saúde. O público idoso feminino apresentou um breve conhecimento sobre os fatores que influenciam e interferem na IU, assim como, do tratamento fisioterapêutico.
A importância do cuidado farmacêutico na prevenção e tratamento de pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 2: Revisão de literatura
Authors: Padilha Aline Lopes , Alves Filho José Roberto 
Published: October 2022

Para confirmar a importância dos profissionais farmacêuticos no tratamento do diabetes, o objetivo deste estudo é identificar a literatura relevante, os cuidados farmacêuticos prestados aos pacientes com diabetes tipo 2. Trata -se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura utilizando fontes de dados como Scielo, Pubmed e Lilacs. A Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 é uma doença metabólica que tem vindo a aumentar nos últimos anos devido ao estilo de vida sedentária que muitas pessoas têm adotado. Além de uma dieta inadequada, esse grupo populacional deve fazer uso de hipoglicemiantes orais ou insulina para manter seus níveis de glicose dentro dos limites normais. O farmacêutico é um profissional treinado que pode aconselhar sobre tratamentos farmacêuticos e não farmacêuticos, bem como todas as interações medicamentosas. Houve o entendimento de que é essencial que o cuidado farmaceutico seja realizado de forma contínua aos pacientes diabéticos, pois muitos deles desenvolvem doenças secundárias relacionadas ao uso inadequado de medicamentos, por não apresentarem respostas farmacológicas adequadas ou apresentarem reações adversas a medicamentos.
Assessment of corneal biomechanics in anisometropia using Scheimpflug technology
Authors: Gao Rongrong , Ren Yuecheng , Li Siheng , Xu Huilin , Lin Xuanqiao , McAlinden Colm , Ye Junming , Huang Jinhai , Yu Jinjin 
Published: October 2022

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between corneal biomechanical and ocular biometric parameters, and to explore biomechanical asymmetry between anisometropic eyes using the corneal visualization Scheimpflug technology device (Corvis ST).Methods: 180 anisometropic participants were included. Participants were divided into low (1.00≤△Spherical equivalent (SE) &lt; 2.00D), moderate (2.00D≤△SE &lt; 3.00D) and high (△SE ≥ 3.00D) anisometropic groups. Axial length (AL), keratometry, anterior chamber depth (ACD) and corneal biomechanical parameters were assessed using the OA-2000 biometer, Pentacam HR and Corvis ST, respectively.Results: The mean age of participants was 16.09 ± 5.64 years. Stress-Strain Index (SSI) was positively correlated with SE (r = 0.501, p &lt; 0.001) and negatively correlated with AL (r = -0.436, p &lt; 0.001). Some other Corvis ST parameters had weak correlation with SE or AL. Corneal biomechanical parameters except for time of first applanation (A1T), length of second applanation (A2L), deformation amplitude (DA), first applanation stiffness parameter (SPA1) and ambrosia relational thickness-horizontal (ARTh) were correlated with ametropic parameters (SE or AL) in multiple regression analyses. A1T, velocity of first applanation (A1V), time of second applanation (A2T), A2L, velocity of second applanation (A2V), corneal curvature radius at highest concavity (HCR), peak distance (PD), DA, deformation amplitude ratio max (2 mm) (DAR), SPA1, integrated radius (IR), and SSI showed significant differences between fellow eyes (p &lt; 0.05). There was no significant difference in asymmetry of corneal biomechanics among the three groups (p &gt; 0.05). Asymmetry of some biomechanical parameters had weak correlation with asymmetry of mean corneal curvatures and ACD. However, asymmetry of corneal biomechanical parameters was not correlated with asymmetry of SE or AL (p &gt; 0.05).Conclusion: More myopic eyes had weaker biomechanical properties than the contralateral eye in anisometropia. However, a certain linear relationship between anisometropia and biomechanical asymmetry was not found.
Cortical tension regulates desmosomal morphogenesis
Authors: Moch Marcin , Schieren Jana , Leube Rudolf E. 
Published: October 2022

Mechanical stability is a fundamental and essential property of epithelial cell sheets. It is in large part determined by cell-cell adhesion sites that are tightly integrated by the cortical cytoskeleton. An intimate crosstalk between the adherens junction-associated contractile actomyosin system and the desmosome-anchored keratin intermediate filament system is decisive for dynamic regulation of epithelial mechanics. A major question in the field is whether and in which way mechanical stress affects junctional plasticity. This is especially true for the desmosome-keratin scaffold whose role in force-sensing is virtually unknown. To examine this question, we inactivated the actomyosin system in human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and canine kidney cells (MDCK) and monitored changes in desmosomal protein turnover.Partial inhibition of myosin II by para-nitro-blebbistatin led to a decrease of the cells' elastic modulus and to reduced desmosomal protein turnover in regions where nascent desmosomes are formed and, to a lower degree, in regions where larger, more mature desmosomes are present. Interestingly, desmosomal proteins are affected differently: a significant decrease in turnover was observed for the desmosomal plaque protein desmoplakin I (DspI), which links keratin filaments to the desmosomal core, and the transmembrane cadherin desmoglein 2 (Dsg2). On the other hand, the turnover of another type of desmosomal cadherin, desmocollin 2 (Dsc2), was not significantly altered under the tested conditions. Similarly, the turnover of the adherens junction-associated E-cadherin was not affected by the low doses of para-nitro-blebbistatin. Inhibition of actin polymerization by low dose latrunculin B treatment and of ROCK-driven actomyosin contractility by Y-27632 treatment also induced a significant decrease in desmosomal DspI turnover. Taken together, we conclude that changes in the cortical force balance affect desmosome formation and growth. Furthermore, they differentially modulate desmosomal protein turnover resulting in changes of desmosome composition. We take the observations as evidence for a hitherto unknown desmosomal mechanosensing and mechanoresponse pathway responding to an altered force balance.
Early identification of delayed extubation following cardiac surgery: Development and validation of a risk prediction model
Authors: Li Xia , Liu Jie , Xu Zhenzhen , Wang Yanting , Chen Lu , Bai Yunxiao , Xie Wanli , Wu Qingping 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundSuccessful weaning and extubation after cardiac surgery is an important step of postoperative recovery. Delayed extubation is associated with poor prognosis and high mortality, thereby contributing to a substantial economic burden. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a prediction model estimate the risk of delayed extubation after cardiac surgery based on perioperative risk factors.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study of adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery from 2014 to 2019. Eligible participants were randomly assigned into the development and validation cohorts, with a ratio of 7:3. Variables were selected using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression model with 10-fold cross-validation. Multivariable logistic regression was applied to develop a predictive model by introducing the predictors selected from the LASSO regression. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration plot, decision curve analysis (DCA) and clinical impact curve were used to evaluate the performance of the predictive risk score model.ResultsAmong the 3,919 adults included in our study, 533 patients (13.6%) experienced delayed extubation. The median ventilation time was 68 h in the group with delayed extubation and 21 h in the group without delayed extubation. A predictive scoring system was derived based on 10 identified risk factors based on 10 identified risk factors including age, BMI ≥ 28 kg/m2, EF &lt; 50%, history of cardiac surgery, type of operation, emergency surgery, CPB ≥ 120 min, duration of surgery, IABP and eGFR &lt; 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. According to the scoring system, the patients were classified into three risk intervals: low, medium and high risk. The model performed well in the validation set with AUC of 0.782 and a non-significant p-value of 0.901 in the Hosmer-Lemeshow test. The DCA curve and clinical impact curve showed a good clinical utility of this model.ConclusionsWe developed and validated a prediction score model to predict the risk of delayed extubation after cardiac surgery, which may help identify high-risk patients to target with potential preventive measures.
Left atrial strain and clinical outcome in patients with significant mitral regurgitation after surgical mitral valve repair
Authors: Kim Se-Eun , Kim Dae-Young , Seo Jiwon , Cho Iksung , Hong Geu-Ru , Ha Jong-Won , Shim Chi Young 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of left atrial (LA) strain in patients with significant mitral regurgitation (MR) after surgical mitral valve (MV) repair.MethodsA total of 169 patients (age 55 ± 15 years, 88 men) with moderate or severe MR on echocardiogram at least 6 months after surgical MV repair for primary MR were studied. Two-dimensional, Doppler, and speckle tracking echocardiography including MR quantitative measures, chamber size, and LA strain were comprehensively analyzed. The primary outcome was a composite of cardiovascular death, heart failure hospitalization, and MV reoperation.ResultsDuring a median of 44.4 months [interquartile range (IQR): 18.7–70.3 months] of follow-up, 44 patients (26%) experienced clinical events; these patients had greater MR volume, elevated mean diastolic pressure gradient and pulmonary artery systolic pressure, and enlarged chamber size compared with patients who did not experience events. Patients with events showed significantly lower LA strain [13.3% (IQR: 9.3–23.8%) vs. 24.0% (IQR: 13.1–31.4%), p = 0.003] and higher MR volume/LA strain [3.09 ml/% (IQR: 2.06–5.80 ml/%) vs. 1.57 ml/% (IQR: 1.04–2.72 ml/%), p &lt; 0.001] than those without events. MR volume/LA strain was a good predictor of clinical outcomes (cut-off 1.57 ml/%, area under the curve 0.754, p &lt; 0.001). On multivariable Cox proportional analysis, MR volume/LA strain was independently associated with clinical outcomes (hazard ratio: 1.269, 95% confidence interval: 1.109–1.452, p &lt; 0.001) along with pulmonary artery systolic pressure.ConclusionA measure of LA mechanical function relative to MR volume is associated with clinical outcomes in patients with significant MR after surgical MV repair.
Association of the Composite dietary antioxidant index with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Lei , Yi Zhong 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundAccording to epidemiological and experimental data, high individual dietary antioxidant intake is correlated with reduced cancer risk. The correlations between combined dietary antioxidants and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality remain unclear. Consequently, this study focused on evaluating the correlation between the food-derived Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index (CDAI) and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.Materials and methodsTwo years of data collected from participants aged ≥20 years were included in this prospective cohort study, which was obtained from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2018. The US NHANES adopted a complicated, multistage probability sampling method to collect health data representing the US population. Data collection was done through in-person interviews, virtual physical examinations, and laboratory tests. Mortality-related follow-up statistics from the start of the survey to 31 December 2019 were available. The shape of the correlation between CDAI and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality was inspected using a restricted cubic spline model. For CDAI and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, the univariate- and multivariate-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models were estimated and presented as regression coefficients and 95% confidence intervals.ResultsIn total, 44,031 NHANES participants represented 339.4 million non-institutionalized residents of the US (age, 47.2 ± 16.9 years; 52.5% women, 70.2% non-Hispanic whites, 10.8% non-Hispanic black people, and 7.5% Mexican Americans). In the 118-month follow-up, 9,249 deaths were reported, including 2,406 deaths resulting from heart disease and 519 deaths due to cerebrovascular disease. In the restricted cubic spline regression models, a linear relationship between CDAI and all-cause mortality was present. The weighted multivariate hazard ratios for all-cause mortality were computed to be 0.97 (0.87–1.07) for Q2, 0.88 (0.81–0.96) for Q3, and 0.90 (0.80–1.00) for Q4 (P for trend = 0.009) upon comparison with the lowest quartile of CDAI, and an identical trend was observed for cardiovascular mortality.ConclusionA high CDAI was linked to decreased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk. The intake of an antioxidant-rich diet significantly prevents cardiovascular mortality. To shed more light on these outcomes, more itemized investigations such as randomized control trials are required.
The wet scavenging of air pollutants through artificial precipitation enhancement: A case study in the Yangtze River Delta
Authors: Wu Yixuan , Wang Yuying , Zhou Yuquan , Liu Xiaoli , Tang Yahui , Wang Yuxiang , Zhang Rui , Li Zhanqing 
Published: October 2022

In this study, the impact of artificial precipitation enhancement operation on the wet scavenging of air pollutants is investigated based on an aircraft precipitation enhancement operation in the Yangtze River Delta region of China on 1 November 2020. Multiple measurement data are used, including the regional meteorological and environmental data and the comprehensive field observation data at the Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST) campus site. The results show that the affected areas of this operation cover part of Anhui and Jiangsu provinces. The precipitation ratio between the target and contrast areas is always greater than 1, indicating the effectiveness of the seeding operation of silver iodide for precipitation enhancement. The regional analysis of air pollutants suggests that the enhanced precipitation can prevent the increase of air pollutants, especially for the particulate matter. The impact of enhanced precipitation on regional trace gases is complex because they are easily affected by the primary emissions. More data analysis at NUIST indicates that two cloud layers appear before the precipitation and merge into one thick cloud layer during the precipitation likely due to the impact of catalysis operation on the upper cloud. After the precipitation, the number concentration of aerosols with a diameter lower than 300 nm reduces significantly, the mass concentration of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm decreases by about 39%, and the mass concentrations of nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide also decrease in different degrees. These results indicate that it is effective to reduce air pollutants by artificial precipitation enhancement. More studies are needed in the future.
Assessing the effectiveness of innovative city pilots in improving urban carbon emission performance: A spatial difference-in-difference approach
Authors: Yu Chenyang , Long Hongyu , Tu Chenglin , Tan Yuanfang , Zang Chuanxiang , Zhou Yu 
Published: October 2022

Existing studies have focused on the impact of innovation on carbon emission performance but ignore the importance of government support for innovation. To overcome this challenge, this paper adopts a spatial difference-in-difference (DID) model to assess the impact of government support for innovation on urban carbon emission performance based on a quasi-natural experiment of innovative city pilots (ICP) in China. Using the high-resolution carbon emission data of 1 km × 1 km for 238 cities from 2008 to 2019 in China, this paper employees an extended stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) model to measure urban carbon emission performance. Our findings indicate that ICP implementation leads to a 1.3% improvement in local carbon emission performance. Meanwhile, there is a significant spatial spillover effect of ICP implementation, with a 3.3% improvement in the carbon performance of the surrounding areas. The results of the mechanism analysis suggest that government innovation support affects carbon emission performance by promoting total factor productivity improvement, green innovation, and industrial upgrading. Further analysis shows that ICP has the strongest impact on carbon performance in the eastern region, and the impact is stronger for large cities and resource-dependent cities. Finally, the paper carries out a series of robustness tests to ensure the reliability of the analytical results, including parallel trend tests, placebo tests and re-estimation of different methods. Based on the findings, this paper proposes feasible policy recommendations in terms of continuous promotion of government innovation support, regional cooperation and differentiated innovation support formulation.
Spatio-temporal pattern and allocation efficiency of public service land in rural settlements
Authors: Zheng Qiuyue , Jiang Guanghui , Tian Yaya , Meng Liang , Yang Lei 
Published: October 2022

The construction of infrastructure and public services is the core of countryside planning. As the carrier of rural public services, the evolutionary pattern and efficiency of rural public service land (RPSL) can directly reflect the development of rural public services. However, existing studies have mainly characterized public service space through the number of public service facilities rather than the area of land occupied. Furthermore, research on public service land in rural settlements is lacking. Taking 273 villages in the Pinggu District of Beijing as an example, this article integrated multi-dimensional data, including geospatial data, big data, and socio-economic data, to analyze the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of RPSL from 2004 to 2019. The bi-dimensional allocation efficiency index addressing qualitative and quantitative development was introduced to measure the allocation efficiency of RPSL. The results show that the area of RPSL in Pinggu District has increased by 57.28 ha, and the internal land use structure of RPSL has become balanced. The evolution pattern of RPSL was characterized by both agglomeration and dispersion, as well as by a significant tendency to expand along main roads. The uneven distribution of public service facilities and the significant differences in accessibility reflected the non-equalization of public services. The allocation efficiency of RPSL in 79.23% of the villages was at a low level, which is mainly due to the mismatch between the rural public service land area and the population, the non-differentiated allocation of public service facilities, the uneven public service quality, and the low accessibility of RPSL. In the future, policymakers should plan rural public service land rationally from the perspective of the actual situation, such as setting flexible indicators, building a living circle of rural settlements, and so on. This research will not only enrich the research perspective of rural public services but also provide a reference for the study on the utilization and optimization of rural settlements.