bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic value of the modified advanced lung cancer inflammation index in overweight or obese patients with lung cancer: Results from a multicenter study
Authors: Xie Hailun , Ruan Guotian , Wei Lishuang , Zhang Qi , Ge Yizhong , Song Mengmeng , Zhang Xi , Lin Shiqi , Liu Xiaoyue , Li Xiangrui , Zhang Kangping , Yang Ming , Tang Meng , Song Chunhua , Shi Hanping 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to explore the relationship between the modified advanced lung cancer inflammation index (mALI) and the survival of overweight or obese patients with lung cancer (LC).MethodsThe mALI was defined as the appendix skeletal muscle index multiplied by the serum albumin level/neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio. The cutoff values for males and females were assessed separately. Survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan‐Meier method, and statistical differences were determined using the log‐rank test. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used for the survival analysis. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to compare the prognostic value of mALI with other nutrition assessment indicators.ResultsThe mALI cut‐offs for males and females were 8.59 and 8.26, respectively. Malnutrition, high systemic inflammation, and advanced stage for overweight or obese LC patients were found to be correlated with a low mALI. The median survival of patients with a low mALI was significantly lower than patients with a high mALI by approximately 25 months. In addition, the mALI can be used as an effective supplement to the traditional pathological stage. Multivariable analysis found that mALI was an independent prognostic factor of overall survival (hazard ratio = 0.531; 95% CI, 0.402–0.700; P < 0.001). The prognostic predictive performance of mALI was superior to that of other nutrition assessment indicators.ConclusionsThe mALI was an independent risk factor for the prognosis of overweight or obese LC patients, and a useful supplement to the pathological stage.
Establishment and validation of a clinical model for diagnosing solitary pulmonary nodules
Authors: Zhou Liwei , Zhou Zhigang , Liu Fenghui , Sun Huifang , Zhou Bing , Dai Liping , Zhang Guojun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe main purpose of this study was to develop and validate a clinical model for estimating the risk of malignancy in solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs).MethodsA total of 672 patients with SPNs were retrospectively reviewed. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm was applied for variable selection. A regression model was then constructed with the identified predictors. The discrimination, calibration, and clinical validity of the model were evaluated by the area under the receiver‐operating‐characteristic curve (AUC), calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA).ResultsTen predictors, including gender, age, nodule type, diameter, lobulation sign, calcification, vascular convergence sign, mediastinal lymphadenectasis, the natural logarithm of carcinoembryonic antigen, and combination of cytokeratin 19 fragment 21‐1, were incorporated into the model. The prediction model demonstrated valuable prediction performance with an AUC of 0.836 (95% CI: 0.777–0.896), outperforming the Mayo (0.747, p = 0.024) and PKUPH (0.749, p = 0.018) models. The model was well‐calibrated according to the calibration curves. The DCA indicated the nomogram was clinically useful over a wide range of threshold probabilities.ConclusionThis study proposed a clinical model for estimating the risk of malignancy in SPNs, which may assist clinicians in identifying the pulmonary nodules that require invasive procedures and avoid the occurrence of overtreatment.
Secondary cytoreductive surgery for low‐grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms
Authors: Sugarbaker Paul H. , Chang David 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn patients with low‐grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (LAMN), a secondary cytoreductive surgery (SCRS) is often performed if recurrent disease is detected.MethodsIn patients with a complete cytoreductive surgery (CRS), the clinical‐ and treatment‐related variables associated with the index CRS and the SCRS were statistically assessed for their impact on overall survival after SCRS.ResultsEighty‐eight patients of 450 patients (19.6%) had SCRS. The mean survival was 15.3 years for patients requiring SCRS as compared to 24.5 years for the group as a whole. Variables associated with improved survival as a result of the index CRS by multivariant modeling were absence of total gastrectomy (p = 0.0038), moderate peritoneal cancer index of 15–30 (p = 0.0020) and time interval of greater than 36 months from CRS to SCRS (p = 0.0013). Multivariant modeling associated with SCRS were complete CRS (p = 0.0104) and disease progression limited to the abdominal wall (p = 0.0106). Early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (EPIC) 5‐fluorouracil used with CRS improved the outcome with SCRS (p = 0.0095).ConclusionsA requirement for SCRS in 88 patients decreased median survival to 15.3 years as compared to 24.5 years in all 450 LAMN patients (p < 0.0001). Prognostic indicators from both the index CRS and the SCRS had an impact on the outcome of SCRS.
A review of hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma—Analyzing patient characteristics and treatment strategies
Authors: Ajay Pranay S. , Tsagkalidis Vasileios , Casabianca Anthony , Burchard Paul R. , Melucci Alexa D. , Chacon Alexander , Goyal Subir , Switchenko Jeffrey M. , Kooby David A. , Carpizo Darren R. , Shah Mihir M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundHepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (HEH) is a rare vascular tumor of unknown etiology and unpredictable natural history. To date, no large‐scale studies have been published evaluating this disease due to its rare occurrence.MethodsThe National Cancer Database was reviewed between 2004 and 2016 to identify patients with HEH. Univariate analysis with overall survival (OS) was performed by Cox proportional hazards model. Kaplan–Meier method was used to create OS curves and compared using the log‐rank test.ResultsWe identified 229 patients with HEH. The majority of patients were female (61.1%), white (84.3%), and had a Charlson–Deyo score of 0 (75%). Chemotherapeutic intervention was seen in 26% of the patients while 33% received surgical intervention in the form of wedge/segmental liver resection (n = 27), hepatectomy lobectomy/extended lobectomy (n = 18), and liver transplant (n = 22). Five‐year survival in surgical patients was 90.5%, 66.5% and 81%, respectively (p = 0.485). Age greater than 55 years (hazard ratio [HR], 2.78; p < 0.001), Asian ethnicity compared to white (HR, 2.84; p = 0.012), and a higher Charlson–Deyo score (score 1: HR, 2.28; p < 0.001 and score ≥2: HR, 2.76; p = 0.011) were associated with worse OS.ConclusionTreatment for HEH remains variable with only a third of the patients undergoing surgery. International collaboration is necessary to determine the optimal treatment for this rare disease.
Diverse socialising patterns in wine tourist experiences: A segmentation‐based analysis of visitors to the wineries in South Australia
Authors: Napolitano Ester , Atzeni Marcello , Kim Aise , Del Chiappa Giacomo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWine tourism is a social phenomenon influenced by the presence and the dynamics of many individuals (e.g. service personnel, travel companions, and other tourists). This study, carried out in South Australia on 394 winery visitors, attempts to confirm, and further explore, the important role of social interaction as part of the winescape experience, its multidimensionality and its impact on wine tourist decision‐making behaviour. Results of the factor‐cluster analysis demonstrate that different clusters exist based on wine tourists' perceptions of their social interactions (i.e. ‘social interaction enthusiasts’ and ‘travel companion‐oriented interactors’), thus supporting the idea that social interaction can be considered a valid market segmentation variable. The findings also show that segments differ in terms of their overall wine tourism experience and behaviour. Moreover, the two groups show significant differences also regarding several socio‐demographic characteristics, as well as travel patterns. Contributions to the body of knowledge and managerial implications are discussed, and suggestions for further research are given.
Ultrasound Radiomics‐Based Logistic Regression Model to Differentiate Between Benign and Malignant Breast Nodules
Authors: Shi Shanshan , An Xin , Li Yuhong 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesTo explore the potential value of ultrasound radiomics in differentiating between benign and malignant breast nodules by extracting the radiomic features of two‐dimensional (2D) grayscale ultrasound images and establishing a logistic regression model.MethodsThe clinical and ultrasound data of 1000 female patients (500 pathologically benign patients, 500 pathologically malignant patients) who underwent breast ultrasound examinations at our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The cases were randomly divided into training and validation sets at a ratio of 7:3. Once the region of interest (ROI) of the lesion was manually contoured, Spearman's rank correlation, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, and the Boruta algorithm were adopted to determine optimal features and establish a logistic regression classification model. The performance of the model was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), and calibration and decision curves (DCA).ResultsEight ultrasound radiomic features were selected to establish the model. The AUC values of the model were 0.979 and 0.977 in the training and validation sets, respectively (P = .0029), indicating good discriminative ability in both datasets. Additionally, the calibration and DCA suggested that the model's calibration efficiency and clinical application value were both superior.ConclusionsThe proposed logistic regression model based on 2D grayscale ultrasound images could facilitate differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast nodules. The model, which was constructed using ultrasound radiomic features identified in this study, demonstrated good diagnostic performance and could be useful in helping clinicians formulate individualized treatment plans for patients.
Adsorption of hexamethyl pararosaniline chloride dye on MgO‐PbFe2O4: Experimental study and statistical physics modeling via double‐layer model
Authors: Jethave Ganesh , Fegade Umesh , Siddiqui Mohd Faizan Alam , Ahamed Mohd Imran , Suryawanshi Kiran E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMgO doped PbFe2O4 (MgO‐PbFe2O4) is synthesized by co‐precipitation followed by ultrasonication method. The study was carried out for the effective adsorption of hexamethyl pararosaniline chloride dye (HPCD) on MgO‐PbFe2O4 from the industrial effluent. The experimental and theoretical physical models are used to explain the mechanism of the dye adsorption process. The simulation of dye adsorption assuming interaction HPCD + MgO‐PbFe2O4 is proposed from two types (a) adsorption of dye on MgO‐PbFe2O4 surface, and (b) the trapping of the HPCD dye in the pores and cavities present in the MgO‐PbFe2O4 surface. A theoretical measurement displays the parameter n pattern as a solution temperature function was n = 0.373, 0.371, and 0.321 at 298, 308, and 318 K, respectively (i.e., all values were below 1). Thus, during interactions between HPCD and MgO‐PbFe2O4 active sites, horizontal molecular positioning and multi‐locking mechanisms were involved. The kinetic model shows that the HPCD adsorptions on MgO‐PbFe2O4 follow the reaction's pseudo‐first‐order. Langmuir isotherm modeling best fitted and describes the HPCD‐MgO‐PbFe2O4 adsorption system for HPCD dye in 40 min with Qmax at 333.33 (mg L–1). The reused study and application in the removal of dye from the industrial effluent make MgO‐PbFe2O4 effective material for pollution control.
Consumer (dis)engagement coping profiles using online services in managing health‐related stressors
Authors: Keeling Debbie I. , de Ruyter Ko , Laing Angus 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOnline health services are a rapidly growing coping resource for consumers to draw on in managing health‐related stressors. We apply a (dis)engagement coping lens to understand consumer coping, identify the distinct purposes of consumer coping captured in six coping scales, and develop an inventory (via multiple studies), to measure consumer positioning on these scales. In a final survey (N = 623), we assess the extent to which consumers use online health services, the ways in which they draw on these services as coping resources using the 6‐scale inventory and the influence of health status on coping efforts. We demonstrate that consumer engagement coping efforts with respect to health‐related stressors are largely directed toward direct management of health stressors (e.g., active planning). We also identify how consumers combine multiple ways of coping through distinguishing three coping profiles based on the enactment and perceived helpfulness of the six coping scales and current health status. Our profiles emphasize the need to understand the progress of health conditions as a determiner of coping efforts. Practitioners and policymakers can use this structured understanding of coping efforts to strategically plan future service provision, although some caution is noted with respect to health inequalities.
ER stress and inflammation crosstalk in obesity
Authors: Ajoolabady Amir , Lebeaupin Cynthia , Wu Ne N. , Kaufman Randal J. , Ren Jun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe endoplasmic reticulum (ER) governs the proper folding of polypeptides and proteins through various chaperones and enzymes residing within the ER organelle. Perturbation in the ER folding process ensues when overwhelmed protein folding exceeds the ER handling capacity, leading to the accumulation of misfolded/unfolded proteins in the ER lumen—a state being referred to as ER stress. In turn, ER stress induces a gamut of signaling cascades, termed as the “unfolded protein response” (UPR) that reinstates the ER homeostasis through a panel of gene expression modulation. This type of UPR is usually deemed “adaptive UPR.” However, persistent or unresolved ER stress hyperactivates UPR response, which ultimately, triggers cell death and inflammatory pathways, termed as “maladaptive/terminal UPR.” A plethora of evidence indicates that crosstalks between ER stress (maladaptive UPR) and inflammation precipitate obesity pathogenesis. In this regard, the acquisition of the mechanisms linking ER stress to inflammation in obesity might unveil potential remedies to tackle this pathological condition. Herein, we aim to elucidate key mechanisms of ER stress‐induced inflammation in the context of obesity and summarize potential therapeutic strategies in the management of obesity through maneuvering ER stress and ER stress‐associated inflammation.
A novel heterozygous ERCC6 variant identified in a Chinese family with non‐syndromic primary ovarian insufficiency
Authors: Kuang Lele , Liu Bin , Xi Di , Gao Yuping 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundPremature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a clinical syndrome occurring in women before 40 with decreased ovarian function. Up to 25% of POI cases result from genetic factors that remain largely unknown. The Excision repair cross‐complementing, group 6 (ERCC6) variant has been found to cause POI, which is hardly ever diagnosed in adolescents.MethodsWhole‐exome sequencing was performed on a 19‐year‐old proband with non‐syndromic POI and her parents. Sanger sequencing was used to confirm the identified variant. The effect of the variant on the protein was analyzed in silico and Swiss‐MODEL.ResultsA novel heterozygous missense variant, c.2444G > A (p. GLy815Asp) of ERCC6 was identified in the proband who inherited the variant from her father. The variant was confirmed in another POI patient from the pedigree and was absent in the proband's mother and sister who presented normally. In silico analysis predicted this variant was deleterious. Swiss‐Model revealed that the mutant amino acid formed multiple H‐bonds with adjacent residues, which may lead to a dysfunction of ERCC6 protein.ConclusionWe firstly diagnosed an adolescent POI case associated with a novel heterozygous ERCC6 variant. The results expanded the variants spectrum of ERCC6 and provided guidance for POI diagnosis and genetic counselling.
Modulation of the Gut Microbiota and Glycometabolism by a Probiotic to Alleviate Amyloid Accumulation and Cognitive Impairments in AD Rats
Authors: Wang Yuanwang , Wang Dehua , Lv Houjiao , Dong Qinchen , Li Jiajia , Geng Weitao , Wang Jinju , Liu Fufeng , Jia Longgang , Wang Yanping 
Published: August 2022

ScopeRegulating the gut microecology by probiotics is an efficient strategy to rational prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, there is currently a lack of well‐known probiotic species in the protection against AD, and the involved mechanism has not been clearly interpreted.Methods and resultsHerein, Lactobacillus plantarum MA2 (MA2), a functional probiotic isolated from traditional Chinese Tibetan kefir grains, is demonstrated to improve the cognitive deficits and anxiety‐like behaviors in the d‐galactose/AlCl3 induced AD rats, and attenuate the neuronal degeneration and Aβ accumulation in the brain. Moreover, the study finds MA2 could alleviate the intestinal mucosal impairments, and impedes the activation of microglia and neuroinflammation through TLR4/MYD88/NLRP3 signaling pathway. 16S rRNA sequencing and metabolomic analysis indicate that MA2 reshapes the gut microbiota structure and composition, and remarkably modulates the glycometabolism. In that case, the exopolysaccharides (EPS) that derived from MA2 is furtherly proved with inhibitory effects on the Aβ42 aggregation and amyloid‐induced cytotoxicity.ConclusionMA2 or MA2 EPS may be used as functional food and nutritional supplement for regulating the gut microbiota and metabolism disorders in AD. This study is of great significance to develop new intervention and therapeutic strategy on AD using probiotics and their metabolites.
Attention feature fusion methodology with additional constraint for ovarian lesion diagnosis on magnetic resonance images
Authors: Wang Shuai , Xu Xiaojuan , Du Huiqian , Chen Yan , Mei Wenbo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurposeIt is challenging for radiologists and gynecologists to identify the type of ovarian lesions by reading magnetic resonance (MR) images. Recently developed convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have made great progress in computer vision, but their architectures still need modification if they are used in processing medical images. This study aims to improve the feature extraction capability of CNNs, thus promoting the diagnostic performance in discriminating between benign and malignant ovarian lesions.MethodsWe introduce a feature fusion architecture and insert the attention models in the neural network. The features extracted from different middle layers are integrated with reoptimized spatial and channel weights. We add a loss function to constrain the additional probability vector generated from the integrated features, thus guiding the middle layers to emphasize useful information. We analyzed 159 lesions imaged by dynamic contrast‐enhanced MR imaging (DCE‐MRI), including 73 benign lesions and 86 malignant lesions. Senior radiologists selected and labeled the tumor regions based on the pathology reports. Then, the tumor regions were cropped into 7494 nonoverlapping image patches for training and testing. The type of a single tumor was determined by the average probability scores of the image patches belonging to it.ResultsWe implemented fivefold cross‐validation to characterize our proposed method, and the distribution of performance matrics was reported. For all the test image patches, the average accuracy of our method is 70.5% with an average area under the curve (AUC) of 0.785, while the baseline is 69.4% and 0.773, and for the diagnosis of single tumors, our model achieved an average accuracy of 82.4% and average AUC of 0.916, which were better than the baseline (81.8% and 0.899). Moreover, we evaluated the performance of our proposed method utilizing different CNN backbones and different attention mechanisms.ConclusionsThe texture features extracted from different middle layers are crucial for ovarian lesion diagnosis. Our proposed method can enhance the feature extraction capabilities of different layers of the network, thereby improving diagnostic performance.
Association of medial gastrocnemius adiposity with poststroke severe malnutrition and functional performance of activities of daily living in older patients: A prospective analysis
Authors: Shimizu Akio , Nozoe Masafumi , Ohno Tomohisa , Nomoto Akiko , Shigematsu Takashi , Fujishima Ichiro 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundRelationships among medial gastrocnemius intramuscular adipose tissue, nutrition status, and functional outcomes of patients after a stroke are unknown. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between nutrition status and gastrocnemius intramuscular adipose tissue and whether medial gastrocnemius intramuscular adipose tissue affects functional outcomes of older patients after a stroke.MethodsThis prospective cohort study included 217 patients with stroke. Nutrition status was evaluated by the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition. The medial gastrocnemius intramuscular adipose tissue was assessed using ultrasound echographic intensity. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between nutrition status at admission and medial gastrocnemius intramuscular adipose tissue. Furthermore, we examined the influence of medial gastrocnemius intramuscular adipose tissue on the Functional Independence Measure (FIM)–motor score at discharge and FIM‐motor efficiency, which indicates FIM‐motor changes during the hospital stay.ResultsSevere malnutrition had a positive influence on medial gastrocnemius intramuscular adipose tissue on the nonparalyzed side (β = 0.175; P = 0.044). Additionally, the medial gastrocnemius intramuscular adipose tissue on the nonparalyzed side was negatively correlated with the FIM‐motor score at discharge (β = −0.102; P = 0.005) and FIM‐motor efficiency (β = −0.273; P = 0.005).ConclusionsThis study clarified the factors that contribute to a higher medial gastrocnemius intramuscular adipose tissue content on the nonparalyzed side and the effect of the higher adipose tissue content on functional outcomes.
Low Tucker rank tensor completion using a symmetric block coordinate descent method
Authors: Yu Quan , Zhang Xinzhen , Chen Yannan , Qi Liqun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLow Tucker rank tensor completion has wide applications in science and engineering. Many existing approaches dealt with the Tucker rank by unfolding matrix rank. However, unfolding a tensor to a matrix would destroy the data's original multi‐way structure, resulting in vital information loss and degraded performance. In this article, we establish a relationship between the Tucker ranks and the ranks of the factor matrices in Tucker decomposition. Then, we reformulate the low Tucker rank tensor completion problem as a multilinear low rank matrix completion problem. For the reformulated problem, a symmetric block coordinate descent method is customized. For each matrix rank minimization subproblem, the classical truncated nuclear norm minimization is adopted. Furthermore, temporal characteristics in image and video data are introduced to such a model, which benefits the performance of the method. Numerical simulations illustrate the efficiency of our proposed models and methods.