bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Errors or identity markers? A survey study on the use of and attitudes towards finlandisms and fennicisms in Finland Swedish
Authors: Strandberg Janine A.E. , Gooskens Charlotte , Schüppert Anja 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study examines the use of and attitudes towards finlandisms and fennicisms in Finland Swedish. Finlandisms are words or structures typical of the Swedish variety spoken in Finland, while fennicisms are a category of finlandisms for which the source language is Finnish. Fennicisms are often discussed in context of Finnish influence and consequent Finland Swedish language loss, suggesting that the use of these features in Swedish is stigmatised. The study analyses survey responses from 126 Finland Swedish individuals in order to investigate the use of and perceptions regarding fennicisms. The responses indicate that although finlandisms and, in particular, fennicisms are often seen as erroneous, they can also be used to indicate a uniquely Finland Swedish linguistic identity. Additionally, responses regarding fennicisms provide examples of previously overlooked Finnish loanwords, while also indicating that loanwords with origins in other languages are often misidentified as stemming from Finnish. The implications of these findings are discussed.
Coronavirus vaccination rates in cultural areas in Germany
Authors: Spahn Claudia , Hipp Anna Maria , Richter Bernhard , Nusseck Manfred 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Vaccination is a significant preventive measure to contain the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Vaccination rates can provide useful information on the potential spread of infection in a given population. In this study, vaccination rates and attitudes towards vaccination in cultural sectors, specifically the music sector, have been investigated. In total, 4341 persons in four different areas, including visitors to performances of classical music and musicals, as well as professional and amateur musicians, have participated in this survey. Results show rates of 86% recovered from the COVID-19 virus or vaccinated at least once, with 54.5% fully vaccinated. These vaccination rates were considerably higher compared to the general population. An attitude of hesitation towards vaccination found in 6.4% of those sampled was half that of the general population. These findings drawn from a large sample indicate that in the field of music a high vaccination rate is to be found, as well as a low rejection rate of vaccination on the part of the audience and performers. The results can be used to provide insights into the vaccination status to be found at cultural events and, importantly, to assist in consideration of whether cultural events should be permitted to continue under pandemic circumstances.
Noonan syndrome and pregnancy outcomes
Authors: Chow Christopher A. , Campbell Katherine H. , Chou Josephine C. , Elder Robert W. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackground:Noonan syndrome is a genetic disorder with high prevalence of congenital heart defects, such as pulmonary stenosis, atrial septal defect and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Scarce data exists regarding the safety of pregnancy in patients with Noonan syndrome, particularly in the context of maternal cardiac disease.Study design:We performed a retrospective chart review of patients at Yale-New Haven Hospital from 2012 to 2020 with diagnoses of Noonan syndrome and pregnancy. We analysed medical records for pregnancy details and cardiac health, including echocardiograms to quantify maternal cardiac dysfunction through measurements of pulmonary valve peak gradient, structural heart defects and interventricular septal thickness.Results:We identified five women with Noonan syndrome (10 pregnancies). Three of five patients had pulmonary valve stenosis at the time of pregnancy, two of which had undergone cardiac procedures. 50% of pregnancies (5/10) resulted in pre-term birth. 80% (8/10) of all deliveries were converted to caesarean section after a trial of labour. One pregnancy resulted in intra-uterine fetal demise while nine pregnancies resulted in the birth of a living infant. 60% (6/10) of livebirths required care in the neonatal intensive care unit. One infant passed away at 5 weeks of age.Conclusions:The majority of mothers had pre-existing, though mild, heart disease. We found high rates of prematurity, conversion to caesarean section, and elevated level of care. No maternal complications resulted in long-term morbidity. Our study suggests that women with Noonan syndrome and low-risk cardiac lesions can become pregnant and deliver a healthy infant with counselling and risk evaluation.
Wrangle with hypertension: lowered salt intake may not compromise iodine status among tribes of Central India
Authors: Chakma Tapas , Shrivastava Suyesh , Kavishwar Arvind 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectives:The most important risk factor of cardiovascular disease is hypertension and high salt intake contributes to high blood pressure. However, to prevent iodine deficiency disorders, the iodisation of salt is a proven strategy. So, on one hand, we suggest people reduced salt consumption but on the other hand, we also fear an increase in the prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders. In the present study, we investigated the possibility of salt intake at WHO recommended levels resulting in higher or lower iodine status in India by assessing the urinary iodine status and its relation with blood pressure.Design:It was a cross-sectional study.Setting:It was a community-based study.Participants:We collected 24-hour urine samples for estimation of iodine concentrations in urine from 411 adult hypertensives in the Mandla district of central India. Urinary iodine was estimated using Thermo ORION make ion-selective electrodes.Results:The median urinary iodine excretion was 162·6 mcg/l. Interestingly 371 (90·26 %) subjects were observed with > 200 mcg/l urinary iodine concentration level indicating iodine sufficiency. Individuals with high urine Na significantly had high blood pressure as compared with individuals with low urinary Na excretion (P < 0·01). There is a higher probability of high urine iodine levels among individuals with higher urine Na levels.Conclusion:The study revealed that 90 % of the population were excreting excessive iodine in urine, which is more than adequate iodine uptake. This excess uptake enables a scope for reduction in salt intake to control hypertension.
The performance of mid-upper arm circumference for identifying children and adolescents with overweight and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sisay Binyam Girma , Hassen Hamid Yimam , Jima Beshada Rago , Atlantis Evan , Gebreyesus Seifu Hagos 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjective:This study aimed to synthesise the existing evidence on the performance of mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) to identify children and adolescents with overweight and obesity.Design:Systematic review and meta-analysis.Setting:We searched PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CINAHL and Google scholar databases from their inception to December 10, 2021, for relevant studies. There were no restrictions regarding the language of publication. Studies reporting measures for the diagnostic performance of MUAC compared with a reference standard for diagnosing overweight and obesity in children and adolescents aged 2–19 years were included.Participants:A total of 54 381 children and adolescents from twenty-one studies were reviewed; ten studies contributed to meta-analyses.Results:In boys, MUAC showed a pooled AUC of 0·92 (95 % CI 0·89, 0·94), sensitivity of 84·4 (95 % CI 84·6, 90·8) and a specificity of 86·0 (95 % CI 79·2, 90·8), when compared against BMI z-score, defined overweight and obesity. As for girls, MUAC showed a pooled AUC of 0·93 (95 % CI 0·90, 0·95), sensitivity of 86·4 (95 % CI 79·8, 91·0), specificity of 86·6 (95 % CI 82·2, 90·1) when compared against overweight and obesity defined using BMI z-scores.Conclusion:In comparison with BMI, MUAC has an excellent performance to identify overweight and obesity in children and adolescents. However, no sufficient evidence on the performance of MUAC compared with gold standard measures of adiposity. Future research should compare performance of MUAC to the ‘golden standard’ measure of excess adiposity.
Church of Nigeria (Anglican Communion) and the Challenges of Missionary Diocese
Authors: Asadu George C. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFor some years now the Anglican Church in Nigeria has been contending with the problems arising from the creation of missionary dioceses. Many retreats for the bishops in the missionary dioceses have been held from late 2000 to date, in an effort to find solutions to the problems, yet the problems have continued unabated. The situation provokes concern and interest in public discourse and intellectual circles. This study examines critically the problems of missionary dioceses and the effects of such problems on the workers and their families therein using a historical approach and both primary and secondary sources. The findings show that some of the missionary dioceses were created with poor funding and facilities as there was no adequate preparation for their creation. The study therefore recommends that the Church of Nigeria should support the missionary dioceses to stabilize.
Variability of Jupiter's Main Auroral Emission and Satellite Footprints Observed With HST During the Galileo Era
Authors: Vogt Marissa F. , Rutala Matthew , Bonfond Bertrand , Clarke John T. , Moore Luke , Nichols Jonathan D. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHubble Space Telescope images of Jupiter's UV aurora show that the main emission occasionally contracts or expands, shifting toward or away from the magnetic pole by several degrees in response to changes in the solar wind dynamic pressure and Io's volcanic activity. When the auroral footprints of the Galilean satellites move with the main emission this indicates a change in the stretched field line configuration that shifts the ionospheric mapping of a given radial distance at the equator. However, in some cases, the main emission shifts independently from the satellite footprints, indicating that the variability stems from some other part of the corotation enforcement current system that produces Jupiter's main auroral emissions. Here, we analyze HST images from the Galileo era (1996–2003) and compare latitudinal shifts of the Ganymede footprint and the main auroral emission. We focus on images with overlapping Galileo measurements because concurrent measurements are available of the current sheet strength, which indicates the amount of field line stretching and can influence both the main emission and satellite footprints. We show that the Ganymede footprint and main auroral emission typically, but do not always, move together. Additionally, we find that the auroral shifts are only weakly linked to changes in the current sheet strength measured by Galileo. We discuss implications of the observed auroral shifts in terms of the magnetospheric mapping. Finally, we establish how the statistical reference main emission contours vary with central meridian longitude and show that the dependence results from magnetospheric local time asymmetries.
The independent association between vitamin B12 and insomnia in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Xiong Shuyuan , Liu Zhiping , Yao Ning , Zhang Xiaoru , Ge Qian 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background/objectives
Insomnia is highly prevalent in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study therefore evaluated the associations between various micronutrients and insomnia in patients with T2DM.

Subjects/methods
Between January 2018 and December 2020, a total of 418 T2DM patients with or without insomnia were recruited. Clinical and biochemical parameters, as well as micronutrient levels, were measured in each participant. Insomnia and sleep quality were assessed using the Athens Insomnia Scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, respectively.

Results
Insomnia was found in 24.16% of patients with T2DM. Compared with T2DM patients without insomnia, patients with insomnia had significantly higher levels of vitamin B12 (VitB12). Increased VitB12 was an independent risk factor for insomnia (OR 1.61 [1.06–2.45], P = 0.03). A cut-off value of 517.50 pg/ml VitB12 (P = 0.01, AUC 0.61, standard error 0.04) predicted insomnia risk. Moreover, increased VitB12 levels in patients with insomnia were closely correlated with the use of mecobalamin.

Conclusions
This study suggests that elevated serum VitB12 level is independently associated with the incidence of insomnia and predicts increased insomnia risk in Chinese patients with T2DM.
Neurobehavioral abnormalities following prenatal psychosocial stress are differentially modulated by maternal environment
Authors: Zoubovsky Sandra P. , Williams Michael T. , Hoseus Sarah , Tumukuntala Shivani , Riesenberg Amy , Schulkin Jay , Vorhees Charles V. , Campbell Kenneth , Lim Hee-Woong , Muglia Louis J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPrenatal stress (PS) is associated with increased vulnerability to affective disorders. Transplacental glucocorticoid passage and stress-induced maternal environment alterations are recognized as potential routes of transmission that can fundamentally alter neurodevelopment. However, molecular mechanisms underlying aberrant emotional outcomes or the individual contributions intrauterine stress versus maternal environment play in shaping these mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we report anxiogenic behaviors, anhedonia, and female hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hyperactivity as a consequence of psychosocial PS in mice. Evidence of fetal amygdala programming precedes these abnormalities. In adult offspring, we observe amygdalar transcriptional changes demonstrating sex-specific dysfunction in synaptic transmission and neurotransmitter systems. We find these abnormalities are primarily driven by in-utero stress exposure. Importantly, maternal care changes postnatally reverse anxiety-related behaviors and partially rescue gene alterations associated with neurotransmission. Our data demonstrate the influence maternal environment exerts in shaping offspring emotional development despite deleterious effects of intrauterine stress.
A novel pathogenic variant of the FH gene in a family with hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Yagi Yasuto , Abeto Naoko , Shiraishi Junichi , Miyata Chieko , Inoue Satomi , Murakami Haruka , Nakashima Moeko , Sugano Kokichi , Ushiama Mineko , Yoshida Teruhiko , Yamazawa Kazuki 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma caused by loss-of-function germline variants of the FH gene can develop into aggressive renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We report the case of a 27-year-old man who died of RCC. Genetic testing revealed a novel pathogenic variant of FH, NM_000143.3:c.1013_1014del (p.Ile338Serfs*3), that was also identified in healthy siblings. Identification of genetic causes in the proband helped us to provide relatives with precise genetic counseling and appropriate surveillance programs.
Obligate mutualistic cooperation limits evolvability
Authors: Pauli Benedikt , Oña Leonardo , Hermann Marita , Kost Christian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCooperative mutualisms are widespread and play fundamental roles in many ecosystems. Given that these interactions are often obligate, the Darwinian fitness of the participating individuals is not only determined by the information encoded in their own genomes, but also the traits and capabilities of their corresponding interaction partners. Thus, a major outstanding question is how obligate cooperative mutualisms affect the ability of organisms to adapt evolutionarily to changing environmental conditions. Here we address this issue using a mutualistic cooperation between two auxotrophic genotypes of Escherichia coli that reciprocally exchanged costly amino acids. Amino acid-supplemented monocultures and unsupplemented cocultures were exposed to stepwise increasing concentrations of different antibiotics. This selection experiment reveals that metabolically interdependent bacteria are generally less able to adapt to environmental stress than autonomously growing strains. Moreover, obligate cooperative mutualists frequently regain metabolic autonomy, resulting in a collapse of the mutualistic interaction. Together, our results identify a limited evolvability as a significant evolutionary cost that individuals have to pay when entering into an obligate mutualistic cooperation.
Au-activated N motifs in non-coherent cupric porphyrin metal organic frameworks for promoting and stabilizing ethylene production
Authors: Xie Xulan , Zhang Xiang , Xie Miao , Xiong Likun , Sun Hao , Lu Yongtao , Mu Qiaoqiao , Rummeli Mark H. , Xu Jiabin , Li Shuo , Zhong Jun , Deng Zhao , Ma Bingyun , Cheng Tao , Goddard William A. , Peng Yang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDirect implementation of metal-organic frameworks as the catalyst for CO2 electroreduction has been challenging due to issues such as poor conductivity, stability, and limited > 2e− products. In this study, Au nanoneedles are impregnated into a cupric porphyrin-based metal-organic framework by exploiting ligand carboxylates as the Au3+ -reducing agent, simultaneously cleaving the ligand-node linkage. Surprisingly, despite the lack of a coherent structure, the Au-inserted framework affords a superb ethylene selectivity up to 52.5% in Faradaic efficiency, ranking among the best for metal-organic frameworks reported in the literature. Through operando X-ray, infrared spectroscopies and density functional theory calculations, the enhanced ethylene selectivity is attributed to Au-activated nitrogen motifs in coordination with the Cu centers for C-C coupling at the metalloporphyrin sites. Furthermore, the Au-inserted catalyst demonstrates both improved structural and catalytic stability, ascribed to the altered charge conduction path that bypasses the incoherent framework. This study underlines the modulation of reticular metalloporphyrin structure by metal impregnation for steering the CO2 reduction reaction pathway.
Abrupt conclusion of the late Miocene-early Pliocene biogenic bloom at 4.6-4.4 Ma
Authors: Karatsolis B. – Th. , Lougheed B. C. , De Vleeschouwer D. , Henderiks J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe late Miocene-early Pliocene biogenic bloom was an extended time interval characterised by elevated ocean export productivity at numerous locations. As primary productivity is nutrient-limited at low-to-mid latitudes, this bloom has been attributed to an increase or a redistribution of available nutrients, potentially involving ocean-gateway or monsoon-related mechanisms. While the exact causal feedbacks remain debated, there is even less consensus on what caused the end of the biogenic bloom. Here, we compile Mio-Pliocene paleoproductivity proxy data from all major ocean basins to evaluate the timing and pacing of this termination. This systematic analysis reveals an abrupt and sustained reduction in low-latitude ocean productivity at 4.6–4.4 Ma. The decline in productivity coincided with a prolonged period of low orbital eccentricity and a shift towards lower-amplitude obliquity, an astronomical configuration linked to reduced East Asian Monsoon intensity and decreased riverine nutrient supply.
Distinct kinetics of antibodies to 111 Plasmodium falciparum proteins identifies markers of recent malaria exposure
Authors: Yman Victor , Tuju James , White Michael T. , Kamuyu Gathoni , Mwai Kennedy , Kibinge Nelson , Asghar Muhammad , Sundling Christopher , Sondén Klara , Murungi Linda , Kiboi Daniel , Kimathi Rinter , Chege Timothy , Chepsat Emily , Kiyuka Patience , Nyamako Lydia , Osier Faith H. A. , Färnert Anna 
Published: January 2022

AbstractStrengthening malaria surveillance is a key intervention needed to reduce the global disease burden. Reliable serological markers of recent malaria exposure could improve current surveillance methods by allowing for accurate estimates of infection incidence from limited data. We studied the IgG antibody response to 111Plasmodium falciparumproteins in 65 adult travellers followed longitudinally after a natural malaria infection in complete absence of re-exposure. We identified a combination of five serological markers that detect exposure within the previous three months with >80% sensitivity and specificity. Using mathematical modelling, we examined the antibody kinetics and determined that responses informative of recent exposure display several distinct characteristics: rapid initial boosting and decay, less inter-individual variation in response kinetics, and minimal persistence over time. Such serological exposure markers could be incorporated into routine malaria surveillance to guide efforts for malaria control and elimination.
RNF43/ZNRF3 loss predisposes to hepatocellular-carcinoma by impairing liver regeneration and altering the liver lipid metabolic ground-state
Authors: Belenguer Germán , Mastrogiovanni Gianmarco , Pacini Clare , Hall Zoe , Dowbaj Anna M. , Arnes-Benito Robert , Sljukic Aleksandra , Prior Nicole , Kakava Sofia , Bradshaw Charles R. , Davies Susan , Vacca Michele , Saeb-Parsy Kourosh , Koo Bon-Kyoung , Huch Meritxell 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRNF43/ZNRF3 negatively regulate WNT signalling. Both genes are mutated in several types of cancers, however, their contribution to liver disease is unknown. Here we describe that hepatocyte-specific loss of Rnf43/Znrf3 results in steatohepatitis and in increase in unsaturated lipids, in the absence of dietary fat supplementation. Upon injury, Rnf43/Znrf3 deletion results in defective hepatocyte regeneration and liver cancer, caused by an imbalance between differentiation/proliferation. Using hepatocyte-, hepatoblast- and ductal cell-derived organoids we demonstrate that the differentiation defects and lipid alterations are, in part, cell-autonomous. Interestingly, ZNRF3 mutant liver cancer patients present poorer prognosis, altered hepatic lipid metabolism and steatohepatitis/NASH signatures. Our results imply that RNF43/ZNRF3 predispose to liver cancer by controlling the proliferative/differentiation and lipid metabolic state of hepatocytes. Both mechanisms combined facilitate the progression towards malignancy. Our findings might aid on the management of those RNF43/ZNRF3 mutated individuals at risk of developing fatty liver and/or liver cancer.
Impact of bulk-edge coupling on observation of anyonic braiding statistics in quantum Hall interferometers
Authors: Nakamura J. , Liang S. , Gardner G. C. , Manfra M. J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractQuantum Hall interferometers have been used to probe fractional charge and statistics of quasiparticles. We present measurements of a small Fabry–Perot interferometer in which the electrostatic coupling constants which affect interferometer behavior can be determined experimentally. Near the center of the ν = 1/3 state this device exhibits Aharonov–Bohm interference interrupted by a few discrete phase jumps, and Φ0 oscillations at higher and lower magnetic fields, consistent with theoretical predictions for detection of anyonic statistics. We estimate the electrostatic parameters KI and KIL by two methods: using the ratio of oscillation periods in compressible versus incompressible regions, and from finite-bias conductance measurements. We find that the extracted KI and KIL can account for the deviation of the phase jumps from the theoretical anyonic phase θa = 2π/3. At integer states, we find that KI and KIL can account for the Aharonov–Bohm and Coulomb-dominated behavior of different edge states.