bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimentation, optimization, and predictive analysis of compressive behavior of montmorillonite nano‐clay/unsaturated polyester composites
Authors: Abdul Hanan Umar , Abu Hassan Shukur , Uzir Wahit Mat , Binoj Joseph Selvi , Mansingh Bright Brailson , Goh Kheng Lim 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe effect of montmorillonite (MMT) nano‐clay as reinforcement in unsaturated polyester resin (UP) matrix composite was investigated under compression loading to explore the impact of MMT nano‐clay wt% in the compressive behavior of UP‐MMT nano‐clay composite. UP‐MMT nano‐clay composite samples were prepared with a varied filler content of 0.5 to 3 wt% using dual‐mixing methods, which are mechanical stirring and ultrasonic agitation. Static uniaxial compression tests were conducted using cylindrical‐shaped samples to obtain the compressive behavior of the UP‐MMT nano‐clay composites. The results of experimentation record a considerable improvement in compressive characteristics of UP‐MMT nano‐clay composites compared to pure UP matrix. The UP‐MMT nano‐clay composite samples were viewed under transmission electron microscope (TEM) to know the dispersion of MMT nano‐clay in the composites. The nano‐platelets were well dispersed and intercalated in the UP‐MMT nano‐clay composite samples below 1 wt% MMT nano‐clay loading. The optimum wt% of MMT nano‐clay in the UP‐MMT nano‐clay composite for improved compressive stress at yield and modulus were noted as 0.60 and 0.61 wt% respectively. Moreover, a mathematical model using Halpin–Tsai‐Jumahat equations was utilized to predict the compressive properties of UP‐MMT nano‐clay composites, which are in closer agreement with the experimental results.
Emotional functioning during bereavement after the death of patients with advanced cancer and associated factors
Authors: Ham Laurien , Fransen Heidi P. , van Roij Janneke , van den Borne Ben , Creemers Geert Jan , Hendriks Mathijs P. , Kuip Evelien , van Laarhoven Hanneke W. M. , van Leeuwen Lobke , van der Padt‐Pruijsten Annemieke , Smilde Tineke , Stellingwerf Margriet , van Zuylen Lia , van de Poll‐Franse Lonneke , Raijmakers Natasja J. H. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe death of a loved one is considered to be the most stressful of all life events. However, the impact of bereavement on quality of life varies between individuals. The aim of our study was to assess emotional functioning (EF), which is a domain of quality of life, of bereaved relatives after the death of their loved one and its associated factors.MethodA prospective, longitudinal, multicenter, observational study on quality of care and quality of life of patients with advanced cancer and their relatives was conducted (eQuiPe). The association between EF of relatives during bereavement and the following factors was investigated: gender, type of relationship, educational level, pre‐bereavement emotional and social functioning and global quality of life, social support pre‐ and during bereavement, anticipatory complicated grief, support of healthcare professionals during bereavement, age of patient and bereaved relative and duration of survival after primary cancer diagnosis.Results150 bereaved relatives completed the bereavement questionnaire. In 41% of the bereaved relatives EF was ≤71, indicating clinically relevant low EF. Multivariable logistic regression showed that females experienced more often emotional problems (OR = 2.82). Emotional functioning pre‐bereavement (OR = 0.96) and social support during bereavement (OR = 0.97) were associated with low EF during bereavement.ConclusionsAlmost half of the bereaved relatives of patients with advanced cancer experienced low EF and this was associated with low EF pre‐bereavement and low social support during bereavement. Support for relatives should be initiated before the patient's death. Future research is needed to investigate the impact of such support on relatives' wellbeing during bereavement.
Dental caries and associated salivary biomarkers in patients with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Ozsin‐Ozler Cansu , Duruel Onurcem , Pinar Asli , Özbek Begüm , Yaz İsmail , Ataman‐Duruel Emel Tuğba , Uzamis‐Tekcicek Meryem , Gunes‐Yalcın Ebru , Dogru‐Ersoz Deniz , Kiper Nural , Tezcan İlhan , Berker Ezel 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the caries status of the Cystic fibrosis (CF) children and adolescents with the comparation of some biochemical markers, secretory‐immunoglobulin‐A (sIgA), and antimicrobial peptides in the saliva.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional descriptive study, the approval Ethics Board was obtained. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected from CF and healthy control children (non‐CF) patients. Both groups underwent the same dental and periodontal evaluation scheme of the assessment. Human beta defensin (HBD1), human alpha defensin (HNP‐1), cathelicidin (LL‐37), sIgA in saliva were evaluated by enzyme‐linked immunoassay method. A general biochemical analysis was performed. Statistical analysis was performed by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Version 20.0 (SPSS Inc.).ResultsA total of 21 (9 male, 12 female) CF and 23 (11 male, 12 female) control patients were participated with the mean age of 10.17 ± 3.38 and 9.52 ± 2.15 years, respectively. In control children, DMFT/S (decayed‐missing‐filled‐tooth/surface‐in‐permanent‐dentition), dmft/s (decayed‐missing‐filled‐tooth/surface‐in‐primary‐dentition) values were higher; DT (decayed‐tooth in permanent dentition), ft (filled‐tooth in primary dentition) and plaque index values were statistically significantly higher (p = 0.042,p = 0.005,p = 0.038, respectively) than CF patients. Bicarbonate was higher in control group; sodium, chloride, and total protein were higher in CF group; magnesium, calcium and phosphate levels were similar in each group (p > 0.05). Alpha and beta defensin‐1 levels in control group was statistically significantly higher (p = 0.037 andp = 0.020, respectively), while LL37 and sIgA were not statistically significantly higher (p > 0.05) than CF group.ConclusionsChildren with CF had lower caries in permanent teeth, filling in primary teeth, and an altered salivary biomarker profile, especially in HNB1, HNP1. Therefore, it is important to conduct periodic oral‐dental controls among CF patients during their childhood.
Protective effect of pinocembrin from Penthorum chinense Pursh on hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury via regulating HMGB1/TLR4 signal pathway
Authors: Ma Tingting , Zhang Hao , Li Tongxi , Bai Junjie , Wu Ziming , Cai Tianying , Chen Yifan , Xia Xianming , Du Yichao , Fu Wenguang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHepatic ischemia–reperfusion injury (HIRI) is of common occurrence during liver surgery and transplantation. Pinocembrin (PIN) is a kind of flavonoid monomer extracted from the local traditional Chinese medicine Penthorum chinense Pursh (P. chinense). However, the effect of PIN on HIRI has not determined. We investigated the protective effect and potential mechanism of PIN against HIRI. Model mice were subjected to partial liver ischemia for 60 min, experimental mice were pretreated with PIN orally for 7 days, and H2O2‐induced oxidative damage model in AML12 hepatic cells was established in vitro. Histopathologic analysis and serum biochemical levels revealed that PIN had hepatoprotective activities against HIRI. The variation of GSH, SOD, MDA, and ROS levels indicated that PIN treatments attenuated oxidative stress in tissue. PIN pretreatment obviously ameliorated apoptosis, and restrained the expression of HMGB1 and TLR4 in vivo. In vitro, compared with H2O2 group, the contents of ROS, mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptotic cells, and Bcl‐2 protein were decreased, while the Bax protein expression was increased. Moreover, HMGB‐1 small interfering RNA test and western blotting showed that PIN pretreatment reduced HMGB1 and TLR4 protein levels. In conclusion, PIN pretreatment effectively protected hepatocytes from HIRI and inhibited the HMGB1/TLR4 signaling pathway.
Different factors are operative in shaping the epiphytic grapevine microbiome across different geographical scales: Biogeography, cultivar or vintage?
Authors: Papadopoulou Elena , Bekris Fotios , Vasileiadis Sotirios , Papadopoulou Kalliope K. , Karpouzas Dimitrios G. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe composition of the grapevine microbiome is controlled by a range of factors all contributing to the establishment of microbial terroir. Most studies have focused on the grape must microbiome, while less is known about the assemblage mechanisms of the epiphytic grapevine microbiome. We aimed to disentangle the role of geographic location, cultivar and vintage on the composition of the epiphytic fungal and bacterial communities of grapevine: within (regional scale) and across (national scale) viticultural zones in Greece. We hypothesised that: (i) the influence of all three factors varies at different geographical scales; (ii) fungi and bacteria respond differently to the factors shaping the grapevine microbiome.Materials and MethodsWe analysed leaves and berries collected from Greek cultivars (i) Vidiano and Agiorgitiko located in three geographically distant regions (from 100 to >600 km), (ii) Roditis and Sideritis from different terroir units of the viticultural zone of Aigialeia.ResultsAmplicon sequencing analysis identified strong regional signatures on the epiphytic microbiome across viticultural zones, whereas cultivar becomes a strong determinant at the viticultural zone scale. Fungal communities were more responsive to all studied factors compared to bacterial communities. Differential abundance (DA) analysis identified dominant fungal (Alternaria, Cladosporium, Nigrospora, Aureobasidium, Vishniacozyma) and bacterial (Sphingomonas, Masillia, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Enterobacterales) amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) exhibiting geographical and cultivar‐specific patterns.ConclusionOur data suggest that different factors are operative in shaping the epiphytic grapevine microbiome at different geographical scales with bacterial and fungal communities showing different responses to the tested structural factors.
Differentiation of Numerical Simulation Result of Direct Current Circuit Breaker Interruption Process Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Ren Zhenwei , Nemoto Yusuke , Suzuki Yuki , Takagi Masahiro , Morishita Honoka , Gustilo Reggie Cobarrubia , Iwao Toru 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFor realizing the widespread application of fast charging of electric vehicles, a direct current circuit breaker (DCCB) is required to interrupt a large charging current. For developing a next‐generation DCCB that can satisfy this requirement, a three‐dimensional electromagnetic thermal fluid simulation was developed to mimic the interruption process of the DCCB, and an artificial intelligence (AI) model was constructed for differentiating the simulation result. As a result, successful and failed interruption of the DCCB were both simulated, and the constructed AI model successfully differentiated the interruption result and located the extinguish timing of arc plasma in case of a successful interruption. © 2022 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Reproductive outcome in 326 women with unicornuate uterus
Authors: Tellum T. , Bracco B. , De Braud L. V. , Knez J. , Ashton‐Barnett R. , Amin T. , Chaggar P. , Jurkovic D. 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo study the reproductive outcomes of women with a unicornuate uterus and compare them to those of women with no congenital uterine anomaly.MethodsThis was a single‐center, retrospective cohort study. Cases were women aged at least 16 years who were diagnosed with a unicornuate uterus on transvaginal/transrectal ultrasound between January 2008 and September 2021. Controls were women with no congenital uterine anomaly matched 1:1 by age and body mass index. The primary outcome was live‐birth rate. Secondary outcomes were pregnancy loss (miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, termination of pregnancy), preterm delivery, mode of delivery and concomitant gynecological abnormalities (endometriosis, adenomyosis, fibroids).ResultsIncluded in the study were 326 cases and 326 controls. Women with a unicornuate uterus had a significantly lower live‐birth rate (184/388 (47.4%) vs 229/396 (57.8%); P = 0.004) and higher rates of overall miscarriage (178/424 (42.0%) vs 155/465 (33.3%); adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 2.21 (95% CI, 1.42–3.42), P < 0.001), ectopic pregnancy (26/424 (6.1%) vs 11/465 (2.4%); aOR, 2.52 (95% CI, 1.22–5.22), P = 0.01), preterm delivery (45/184 (24.5%) vs 17/229 (7.4%); aOR, 3.04 (95% CI, 1.52–5.97), P = 0.001) and Cesarean delivery (116/184 (63.0%) vs 70/229 (30.6%); aOR, 2.54 (95% CI, 1.67–3.88), P < 0.001). Rudimentary‐horn pregnancies accounted for 7/26 (26.9%) ectopic pregnancies in the study group. Women with a unicornuate uterus were more likely to have endometriosis (17.5% vs 10.7%; P = 0.018) and adenomyosis (26.7% vs 15.6%; P = 0.001), but were not more likely to have fibroids compared with controls. Women with a functional rudimentary horn were more likely to have pelvic endometriosis compared to those without (odds ratio, 2.4 (95% CI, 1.4–4.1), P = 0.002).ConclusionsPregnant women with a unicornuate uterus should be classified as high risk. Removal of a functional rudimentary horn should be discussed with the patient to prevent a rudimentary‐horn ectopic pregnancy. © 2022 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Southern Ocean precipitation: Toward a process‐level understanding
Authors: Siems Steven T. , Huang Yi , Manton Michael J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLarge differences continue to exist between current precipitation products over the Southern Ocean (SO). This limits our ability to close the hydrological cycle over the SO and Antarctica, as well as limiting our understanding of a range of climatological and meteorological processes. This uncertainty arises from the absence of long‐term, high‐quality surface observational records of precipitation suitable for evaluation across a range of temporal and spatial scales. We have no “truth” for precipitation across this region that covers ~15% of the Earth's surface. These differences extend to spatial and temporal distributions and trends. Precipitation products that have been calibrated and evaluated against established observations in the Northern Hemisphere potentially may be biased due to fundamental differences in the dynamics and microphysics over the remote SO. This review first considers recent advances in our understanding of the precipitation of the SO, including spatial and temporal variability, thermodynamic phase, and response to climate drivers. We then examine several commonly used precipitation products derived from satellite observations (both passive and active), reanalyses, and merged products. Where possible, we examine the skill of these products across a range of precipitation processes that commonly occur across the SO. Finally, we look briefly at the potential of new resources, such as dual‐polarized radars and maritime disdrometers, that can be used in field campaigns specifically designed to observe precipitation at the process level, and ultimately used to evaluate precipitation products over the SO.This article is categorized under:
Paleoclimates and Current Trends > Earth System Behavior
Paleoclimates and Current Trends > Climate Forcing
Resource selection functions of black‐tailed prairie dogs in Native nations of Montana
Authors: Olimb Sarah K. , Olimb Carl A. , Bly Kristy , Guernsey Noelle C. , Li Daoru 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe black‐tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) is a keystone species of North American short‐ and mixed‐grass temperate grasslands with critical importance for multiple species of conservation concern. Low population numbers due to habitat and social constraints as well as disease require conservation and management actions. To identify potential habitat and future relocation sites, we evaluated 6 statistical techniques to predict the optimal resource selection function model for black‐tailed prairie dog habitat in 3 Native nations of Montana. Random forest models performed best across our study area and included grass coverage and climatic and topographic variables as the most important predictors of prairie dog occupancy. Using predictive habitat models in conjunction with land‐use designations can refine conservation planning to support wildlife population objectives where there are foundations for long‐term success. Our analysis also serves as a guide for assessing habitat suitability, connectivity, and restoration for additional species dependent or interconnected with black‐tailed prairie dogs.
Conspiracism as a Litmus Test for Responsible Innovation
Authors: Popa Eugen Octav , Blok Vincent 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe inclusion of stakeholders in science is one of the core ideas in the field of responsible innovation. Conspiracists, however, are not your garden-variety stakeholders. As the COVID-19 pandemic has shown, the conflict between conspiracists and science is deep and intractable. In this paper, we ask how the game of responsible innovation can be played with those who believe that the game is rigged. Understanding the relationship between conspiracism and responsible innovation is necessary in order to understand the unvisited corners of the science-society interface in the post-pandemic future. We claim that pluralism, already part of the philosophical background that spurred responsible innovation, can offer insights into how conspiracism can be approached. As a case in point, we develop these insights starting from the policy on conspiracism developed in 2021 by the European Commission. We show that the ideal of inclusion can only be extended to conspiracists by accepting a pluralist framework, and we explain this pluralist response.
The Community
Authors: Jinnah Zaheera 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis chapter begins to explore additional levels of informality and precarity in the lives of the Zama Zama. In particular the informal settlement or township in which mining occurs is discussed. In this chapter, I argue that spatial and spiritual realities and beliefs inform the labour of informal mining which is further developed in Chapter 4. The chapter shows, through first-person narratives the multiple and intersecting forms of informality, producing persistent forms of precarity, laced by pockets of resistance, resiliency and agency among the Zama Zama. Insecure housing, rumours and connections, and spiritual beliefs and practices inform social relations and work arrangements. For the Zama Zama the spatial, spiritual and political organisation of the township informs how they live and how they do their work.
Relations
Authors: Frischhut Markus 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis chapter addresses various dimensions of relations. These comprise the relations of values to each other (for instance the question of the ranking of values), the relation to other provisions of EU law (covering both primary and secondary EU law), as well as the relation to other concepts. The latter category comprises the relation of values to economic and political objectives, as well as the relation of values to selected (legal and ethical) principles. These selected (legal and ethical) principles comprise the protection of vulnerable people, responsibility (including the question of human rights and human obligations), precaution, sustainability, as well as proportionality and balance.
Conclusion
Authors: Frischhut Markus 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn a similar way as in the book on the ‘ethical spirit of EU law’ (Frischhut, M. The ethical spirit of EU law. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10582-2, 2019), this book on ‘the ethical spirit of EU values’ is summarised in 28 theses. The first fourteen theses rather depict the status quo. The other theses rather address the future direction of travel, where some of these theses can pertain to both categories. This summary structured in 28 theses shall contribute to the objective of stimulating debate on the question of EU values and their importance not only for the European Union (EU), its Member States, but also for individuals.
Dissecting the ensemble in JT gravity
Authors: Blommaert Andreas 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We calculate bulk and boundary correlators in JT gravity by summing over geometries. The answers are reproduced by computing suitable ensemble averages of correlators of chaotic quantum systems. We then consider bulk correlators at large spatial separations and find that semiclassical decay eventually makes way for erratic oscillations around some nonzero answer. There is no cluster decomposition because of wormholes connecting distant regions.We construct more microscopic versions of JT gravity which are dual to a single quantum system by including a set of branes in the gravitational theory the data of which describes the Hamiltonian of the dual system. We focus on the bulk description of eigenstates which involves end of the world branes and we explain how observables factorize due to geometries connecting to these branes.
The quantum UV-IR map for line defects in $$ \mathfrak{gl} $$(3)-type class S theories
Authors: Neitzke Andrew , Yan Fei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We consider the quantum UV-IR map for line defects in class S theories of $$ \mathfrak{gl} $$
gl
(3)-type. This map computes the protected spin character which counts framed BPS states with spin for the bulk-defect system. We give a geometric method of computing this map motivated by the physics of five-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory, and compute it explicitly in various examples. As a spin-off we propose a new way of computing a certain specialization of the HOMFLY polynomial for links in ℝ3, as a sum over BPS webs attached to the link.
A tower of hidden sectors: a general treatment and physics implications
Authors: Aboubrahim Amin , Nath Pran 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
An analysis of a tower of hidden sectors coupled to each other, with one of these hidden sectors coupled to the visible sector, is given and the implications of such couplings on physics in the visible sector are investigated. Thus the analysis considers n number of hidden sectors where the visible sector couples only to hidden sector 1, while the latter couples also to hidden sector 2, and the hidden sector 2 couples to hidden sector 3 and so on. A set of successively feeble couplings of the hidden sectors to the visible sector are generated in such a set up. In general each of these sectors live in a different heat bath. We develop a closed form set of coupled Boltzmann equations for the correlated evolution of the temperatures and number densities of each of the heat baths. We then apply the formalism to a simplified model with scalar portals between the different sectors. Predictions related to dark matter direct detection experiments and future CMB probes of dark radiation are made.
The Gromov Width of Bott-Samelson Varieties
Authors: Bonala Narasimha Chary , Cupit-Foutou Stéphanie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe prove that the Gromov width of any Bott-Samelson variety associated to a reduced expression and equipped with a rational Kähler form equals the symplectic area of a minimal curve. From this, we derive an estimate for the Seshadri constants of ample line bundles on Bott-Samelson varieties.