bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient satisfaction with quality of care of a multidisciplinary thrombosis service – a cross sectional survey
Authors: Young Stephanie W. , Bonsu Kwadwo O. , Lee Tiffany , Nguyen Hai V. , Chitsike Rufaro S. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
In October 2017 we opened a multidisciplinary Adult Outpatient Thrombosis Service (Thrombosis Service) in a regional health authority servicing over 300 000 people. The Thrombosis Service is a comprehensive thrombosis and anticoagulation management program with unique, interrelated clinics providing a broad spectrum of care for this patient group. Evaluation of patient satisfaction with this new model of patient care is an important quality measurement.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey of patients who attended the Thrombosis Service between October 2017 and May 2019. We measured patient satisfaction with the seven-item Short Assessment of Patient Satisfaction (SAPS) which uses a 5 point scale (0–4) for responses. The continuous score range for SAPS is 0 to 28. Categorical responses for SAPS are defined as 0–10 very dissatisfied, 11–18 dissatisfied, 19–26 satisfied, and 27–28 very satisfied. We used linear regression analysis to examine the associations between patients’ characteristics and their satisfaction with the Thrombosis Service.

Results
Of the 1058 surveys distributed, 563 were returned. The mean score for the SAPS was 22.1 (SD 4.1, range 8 to 28). For the categorical response, 85% were satisfied or very satisfied with the Thrombosis Service. The multivariate analysis showed patients with post-secondary education were more satisfied with the Thrombosis Service (β-coefficient 1.6153, p = 0.024), and patients taking warfarin were less likely to be satisfied with the Thrombosis Service (β-coefficient -1.5832, p = 0.0390).

Conclusions
The majority of survey participants (85%) who attended an appointment in one of the Thrombosis Service clinics were satisfied or very satisfied with the care they received. This information may benefit other centres who are interested in developing a program to manage thrombosis and anticoagulation.
Food consumption patterns and nutrient intakes of infants and young children amidst the nutrition transition: the case of Lebanon
Authors: Jomaa Lamis , Hwalla Nahla , Chokor Fatima Al Zahraa , Naja Farah , O’Neill Lynda , Nasreddine Lara 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis is the first study on dietary intakes of infants and young children in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, a region that is currently witnessing the nutrition transition. It aims at characterizing food consumption patterns amongst 0–4 year old children in Lebanon, evaluating their macro- and micronutrient intakes and assessing adherence to dietary recommendations.MethodsBased on a national cross-sectional survey in 2012 (n = 866), the study collected data on sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics, and one 24-hour dietary recall was administered. Nutrient intakes were compared with reference values: Estimated Average Requirement (EAR), Adequate Intake (AI) and Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR).ResultsMilk was the highest contributor to energy intake (EI) in infants (95.8 and 56.5% in 0–5.9 months and 6–11.9 months old infants, respectively), while its intake was lower among toddlers and preschoolers (35.4 and 15.1%, respectively). In contrast, intakes of sweets and sweetened beverages were the highest in preschoolers compared to younger children, contributing 18.5% EI in preschoolers. Compared to dietary guidelines, the lowest dietary adherence was found for vegetables (17.8–20.7%) and fruits (14.4–34.3%). Protein intake was within the recommendations for the vast majority of children. Although total fat intake was lower in toddlers and preschoolers compared to infants, more than 40% of toddlers and preschoolers exceeded the AMDR for fat and 87.3% of preschoolers exceeded the upper limit for saturated fat. Only 3.6% of toddlers and 11.5% of preschoolers exceeded the AI level for dietary fiber. Micronutrient intake assessment showed that mean intakes in infants exceeded the AI for all micronutrients, except for vitamin D and magnesium. In toddlers, vitamin D and calcium were below the EAR among 84.7, and 44.6%, respectively. In preschoolers, most of the children (91.9%) had inadequate intakes of vitamin D, and a third had inadequate intakes of folate, calcium and vitamin A.ConclusionsThis study identified priority issues for nutrition intervention in infants and young children in Lebanon. Concerted multi-stakeholder efforts are needed to instill heathier food consumption and nutrient intake patterns early in life.
Employers’ perceptions of breastfeeding practice of employed mothers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a qualitative study
Authors: Wolde Firmaye Bogale , Haidar Jemal , Getnet Yalemwork 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2019 shows that 59% of children are exclusively breastfed for the first 6 months of life, then the rate decreases sharply with age. Nearly half of the Ethiopian labor force (46%) is comprised of women. This is encouraging since women’s employment is one way of ensuring women’s empowerment. However, various factors related to employment make it one of the commonly mentioned factors contributing for the low prevalence of breastfeeding. Hence, there needs to be a conducive work environment that accommodates maternal needs to not fall back from empowerment and to improve breastfeeding practice. There are not many studies in Ethiopia that focus on work environment in relation with employers’ experience and their perception of breastfeeding of employed mothers. Therefore, this study aims to explore employers’ experience and perception of employed mothers’ breastfeeding experience in different working environments in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.MethodsA qualitative study design using a descriptive phenomenology strategy was employed in this study and purposive sampling technique was used to recruit study participants. Data was collected between December 2016 and May 2017 in Addis Ababa city from 10 employers from private, governmental and non-governmental institutions through an in-depth interview. Thematic data analysis was performed where collected data was organized, coded and categorized into themes to give meaningful contributions to answering the research questions.ResultsUnderstanding breastfeeding, current maternity leave, perception of breastfeeding supporting the conditions and mother-friendly work environment were the themes generated after analysis. Almost all employers in this study recognized the importance of breastfeeding despite their different work environments and they also acknowledged the importance of making the working environment mother-friendly for stability and motivation of employed mothers.ConclusionsProviding mothers with a friendly environment is understood as a positive thing by employers. The current maternity leave of 3 months has low acceptance and both onsite childcare center and six-month maternity leave are believed to help in creating a mother-friendly work environment despite their pros and cons.
Evolving outcomes of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ling Ryan Ruiyang , Ramanathan Kollengode , Sim Jackie Jia Lin , Wong Suei Nee , Chen Ying , Amin Faizan , Fernando Shannon M. , Rochwerg Bram , Fan Eddy , Barbaro Ryan P. , MacLaren Graeme , Shekar Kiran , Brodie Daniel 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been used extensively for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Reports early in the pandemic suggested that mortality in patients with COVID-19 receiving ECMO was comparable to non-COVID-19-related ARDS. However, subsequent reports suggested that mortality appeared to be increasing over time. Therefore, we conducted an updated systematic review and meta-analysis, to characterise changes in mortality over time and elucidate risk factors for poor outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a meta-analysis (CRD42021271202), searching MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, and Scopus databases, from 1 December 2019 to 26 January 2022, for studies reporting on mortality among adults with COVID-19 receiving ECMO. We also captured hospital and intensive care unit lengths of stay, duration of mechanical ventilation and ECMO, as well as complications of ECMO. We conducted random-effects meta-analyses, assessed risk of bias of included studies using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist and evaluated certainty of pooled estimates using GRADE methodology.ResultsOf 4522 citations, we included 52 studies comprising 18,211 patients in the meta-analysis. The pooled mortality rate among patients with COVID-19 requiring ECMO was 48.8% (95% confidence interval 44.8–52.9%, high certainty). Mortality was higher among studies which enrolled patients later in the pandemic as opposed to earlier (1st half 2020: 41.2%, 2nd half 2020: 46.4%, 1st half 2021: 62.0%, 2nd half 2021: 46.5%, interactionpvalue = 0.0014). Predictors of increased mortality included age, the time of final patient enrolment from 1 January 2020, and the proportion of patients receiving corticosteroids, and reduced duration of ECMO run.ConclusionsThe mortality rate for patients receiving ECMO for COVID-19-related ARDS has increased as the pandemic has progressed. The reasons for this are likely multifactorial; however, as outcomes for these patients evolve, the decision to initiate ECMO should include the best contextual estimate of mortality at the time of ECMO initiation.
Characterization of PSOP26 as an ookinete surface antigen with improved transmission-blocking activity when fused with PSOP25
Authors: Wang Peng-peng , Jiang Xuefeng , Bai Jie , Yang Fan , Yu Xinxin , Wu Yudi , Zheng Wenqi , Zhang Yongzhe , Cui Liwang , Liu Fei , Zhu Xiaotong , Cao Yaming 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The Plasmodium zygote-to-ookinete developmental transition is an essential step for establishing an infection in the mosquito vector, and antigens expressed during this stage are potential targets for transmission-blocking vaccines (TBVs). The secreted ookinete protein 26 (PSOP26) is a newly identified ookinete surface protein. The anti-PSOP26 serum has moderate transmission-blocking activity, indicating the benefit of further investigating this protein as a target for TBVs.

Methods
The function of psop26 was analyzed by targeted gene disruption. A chimeric PSOP25-PSOP26 protein was expressed in the Escherichia coli system. The PSOP25-PSOP26 fusion protein, along with mixed (PSOP25 + PSOP26) or single proteins (PSOP26 or PSOP25), were used for the immunization of mice. The antibody titers and immunogenicity of individual sera were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA), indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), and Western blot. The transmission-blocking activity of sera from different immunization schemes was assessed using in vitro and in vivo assays.

Results
PSOP26 is a surface protein expressed in Plasmodium gametes and ookinetes. The protein is dispensable for asexual blood-stage development, gametogenesis, and zygote formation, but is essential for the zygote-to-ookinete developmental transition. Specifically, both the prevalence of infections and oocyst densities were decreased in mosquitoes fed on psop26-null mutants. Mixtures of individual PSOP25 and PSOP26 fragments (PSOP25 + PSOP26), as well as chimeras (PSOP25-PSOP26), elicited high antibody levels in mice, with no immunological interference. Antisera against the mixed and fusion proteins elicited higher transmission-reducing activity (TRA) than antisera against the single PSOP26 antigen, but comparable to antisera against PSOP25 antigen alone.

Conclusions
PSOP26 plays a critical role in the zygote-to-ookinete developmental transition. PSOP25 is a promising TBV candidate that could be used alone to target the ookinete stage.
Fine-mapping studies distinguish genetic risks for childhood- and adult-onset asthma in the HLA region
Authors: Clay Selene M. , Schoettler Nathan , Goldstein Andrew M. , Carbonetto Peter , Dapas Matthew , Altman Matthew C. , Rosasco Mario G. , Gern James E. , Jackson Daniel J. , Im Hae Kyung , Stephens Matthew , Nicolae Dan L. , Ober Carole 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundGenome-wide association studies of asthma have revealed robust associations with variation across the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex with independent associations in the HLA class I and class II regions for both childhood-onset asthma (COA) and adult-onset asthma (AOA). However, the specific variants and genes contributing to risk are unknown.MethodsWe used Bayesian approaches to perform genetic fine-mapping for COA and AOA (n=9432 and 21,556, respectively;n=318,167 shared controls) in White British individuals from the UK Biobank and to perform expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) fine-mapping in immune (lymphoblastoid cell lines,n=398; peripheral blood mononuclear cells,n=132) and airway (nasal epithelial cells,n=188) cells from ethnically diverse individuals. We also examined putatively causal protein coding variation from protein crystal structures and conducted replication studies in independent multi-ethnic cohorts from the UK Biobank (COAn=1686; AOAn=3666; controlsn=56,063).ResultsGenetic fine-mapping revealed both shared and distinct causal variation between COA and AOA in the class I region but only distinct causal variation in the class II region. Both gene expression levels and amino acid variation contributed to risk. Our results from eQTL fine-mapping and amino acid visualization suggested that theHLA-DQA1*03:01 allele and variation associated with expression of the nonclassicalHLA-DQA2andHLA-DQB2genes accounted entirely for the most significant association with AOA in GWAS. Our studies also suggested a potentially prominent role for HLA-C protein coding variation in the class I region in COA. We replicated putatively causal variant associations in a multi-ethnic cohort.ConclusionsWe highlight roles for both gene expression and protein coding variation in asthma risk and identified putatively causal variation and genes in the HLA region. A convergence of genomic, transcriptional, and protein coding evidence implicates theHLA-DQA2andHLA-DQB2genes andHLA-DQA1*03:01 allele in AOA.
Excessive mechanical stress-induced intervertebral disc degeneration is related to Piezo1 overexpression triggering the imbalance of autophagy/apoptosis in human nucleus pulpous
Authors: Shi Sheng , Kang Xing-Jian , Zhou Zhi , He Zhi-Min , Zheng Shuang , He Shi-Sheng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundMechanical stress plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). The mechanosensitive Piezo1 ion channel can sense the changes in mechanical stress and convert the mechanical signals into chemical signals. This study aims to investigate the effect of Piezo1 on the mechanical stress-induced IVDD and explore the possible mechanism.MethodsThe expression of Piezo1 and collagen II in immunohistochemical staining, cervical curvature, and the stiffness of nucleus pulpous (NP) were performed in normal and degenerated human intervertebral discs. In the experiment, high-intensity compression was applied to mimic the mechanical environment of IVDD. The cell viability, matrix macromolecules, and pro-inflammatory cytokines were examined to investigate the effect of Piezo1 on mechanical stress-treated NP cells. Additionally, autophagy condition of NP cells was detected within high-intensity compression and/or the inhibitor of Piezo1, GsMTx4.ResultsThe up-expression of Piezo1, down-expression of Col II, elevated stiffness of NP, and poor kyphosis were observed in degenerated human intervertebral discs. High-intensity stress significantly decreased cell viability and the synthesis of extracellular matrix but increased the expression of senescence-associated proteins (p53 and p16) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β) by mitochondrial dysfunction and suppression of autophagy. However, GsMTx4 can partly attenuate these effects.ConclusionPiezo1 upregulation under excessive mechanical stress promotes the apoptosis, senescence, and pro-inflammatory cytokines of NP and leads to the loss of extracellular matrix by mitochondrial dysfunction and the suppression of autophagy; on the other hand, the inhibition of Piezo1 can partly alleviate these effects.
Defibulation can recall the trauma of female genital mutilation/cutting: a case report
Authors: Taraschi Gianmarco , Manin Emily , Bianchi De Micheli Francesco , Abdulcadir Jasmine 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Women with female genital mutilation/cutting are known to have psychological sequelae from the cutting and other traumatic experiences. However, very few studies report immediate psychological sequelae of genital reconstructive surgery in this population. The present case is the first to our knowledge to report post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms immediately following defibulation, a procedure common in women with female genital mutilation/cutting type III.

Case presentation
We present the case of a 31-year-old Sudanese nulliparous woman in the second trimester of pregnancy with female genital mutilation/cutting type IIIa who was referred for antepartum defibulation to facilitate a vaginal birth. Immediately after an uncomplicated surgery under local anesthesia and just before the first micturition, she developed post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and suddenly recalled the traumatic experience of her first micturition after female genital mutilation/cutting when she was a child in Sudan. The woman was offered psychiatric follow-up with psychotherapy for 4 months and a short course of benzodiazepines. She had fully recovered by the time of delivery, 4 months after surgery.

Conclusions
We discuss the possibility of recall of a past traumatic experience of female genital mutilation/cutting during defibulation or other genital surgeries. We review the benefits and risks of defibulation, the impact of this procedure, and the setting and timing in which it is performed, focusing on women’s mental health and psychological support.
Migraine among students of a medical college in western China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Yang Haodi , Pu Shengxiong , Lu Yang , Luo Wenxiu , Zhao Jiayu , Liu Enzhuo , Yang Jiaming , Luo Xinya , Tang Xinyi , Zeng Cheng , Chen Jie , Luo Jiaming 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective
As one of the most common primary headaches in clinical practice, migraine affects the learning ability and life quality of college students worldwide, posing a heavy burden on individuals and society. This study aims to investigate the incidence of migraine among Chinese medical college students and to explore its characteristics and typical triggers.

Method
From July 2019 to July 2020, North Sichuan Medical College in Sichuan province, China preliminarily screened migraine cases using ID-Migraine through cluster sampling. College students with positive ID-Migraine results would be included in this study if they were further diagnosed with migraine by neurologists based on ICHD-3. After the ethical review, patients’ personal and headache information would be collected, and the frequency, severity, onset time, and related triggers of migraine would be measured.

Results
The preliminary screening covered 8783 college students. The overall prevalence rate of migraine is 6.57%, 5.90% in men and 6.77% in women. The prevalence rate of migraine is higher for students in the first and second grades (8.01%, 8.05%), and students with a family history of migraine are more likely to suffer from migraine (OR = 1.509, 95% CI 1.060–2.148, P = 0.022 < 0.005). Staying up late (n = 329, 57.01%), stress (n = 319, 55.29%), catch a cold (n = 313, 54.25%) and sleep disorders (n = 302, 52.34%) are the common triggers.

Conclusion
Migraine is common among college students in North Sichuan Medical College. The incidence is higher among lower grade students, female students, and students with a family history of migraine. Improving sleep quality and reducing stress may be effective in relieving migraines.
Energy-Based Approach for Studying Fibre-Reinforced Concrete Subjected to Impact Loading
Authors: Konrád Petr , Sovják Radoslav 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn general, concrete behaves differently when the load is applied at a different speed, i.e. concrete’s mechanical parameters are strain-rate sensitive. There is a need for an experimental method that should meet several criteria such as removal or accurate description of boundary conditions, simplicity, affordability and reproducibility of the experiments. The main goal of this study is the design, assembly and optimisation of the experimental apparatus and procedure to carry out the impact testing. Using this apparatus, an experimental study was conducted. The main aspect of this experimental method is the elimination of rigid supports, which could negatively affect the obtained results. Measured data are acquired using specifically designed measuring devices and analysed using a computer script. Four concrete mixtures were examined ranging from high-strength concrete to ultra high-performance concrete. Quasi-static experiments were also carried out for comparison. A clear difference in quasi-static and impact performance of the materials was observed. Different trends for different compositions of the tested concrete specimens were apparent. Higher fibre content specimens generally showed higher strain-rate sensitivity and the highest strain-rate sensitivity was observed in combination with the two strongest concrete matrices. This was most probably related to fibre anchoring, as complete fibre pullout before premature matrix failure was critical. The newly designed measuring apparatus greatly improves the speed and precision of conducting the impact experiments. It can be successfully used for a relatively quick and simple comparison of materials when designing concretes for withstanding elevated strain-rate loading.
Effects of 1-day e-learning education on perinatal psychological support skills among midwives and perinatal healthcare workers in Japan: a randomised controlled study
Authors: Shinohara Eriko , Ohashi Yukiko , Hada Ayako , Usui Yuriko 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Although midwives are expected to play a key role for psychological support throughout perinatal periods, their educational chances are limited. Versatile teaching strategies such as e-learning may be promising in expanding education. The objective of our study was to clarify the effects of an e-learning educational programme on midwives’ empathic communication skills.

Methods
From April 2019 to September 2019, a randomised controlled trial of a 1-day e-learning educational programme on perinatal psychological issues (both perinatal mental health assessment and empathic communication) was conducted to improve empathic communication skills of midwives and perinatal healthcare workers. Two types of measurements (paper-and-pencil multiple-choice test and video-viewing tests of simulated patient) were used to measure the competency of empathic communication skills.

Results
Participants (N = 115) were randomly allocated to two groups (Intervention: n = 58, Control: n = 57). The intervention group was at a significantly higher level for both post-tests of empathic communication skills compared with the control group. Both intervention and control groups showed improvements in acquiring knowledge about perinatal mental health assessments.

Conclusions
The results of our study show that a 1-day e-learning programme helped improve the midwives' empathic communications skills. Therefore, an effective 1-day e-learning educational programme of perinatal mental health will expand opportunity to learn about empathic communication skills for midwives and perinatal healthcare workers.
Trial registrations: UMIN000036052.