bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
USABILITY OF AN AFFECT-AWARE MULTIMODAL PERSONALIZED INTERACTIVE MODEL AMONG FAMILY CAREGIVERS
Authors: Chang Yu-Ping , Dwibedi Aditya Kumar , Mahajan Bhushan , Bard Skylar , Bhattacharjee Sreyasee Das 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Long-term family caregiving for people with dementia is often exhausting and poses risks to caregivers’ overall health. Most informal caregivers are not well-equipped to perform their caregiving responsibilities at home, facing numerous challenges, feeling stressed and overwhelmed, and receiving limited support. Artificial Intelligence, specifically following the release of ‘generative pre-trained transformer’ (GPT), has demonstrated promise in delivering assistive technology solutions in various domains in healthcare. Our project aims to evaluate the usability of an affect-aware multimodal interactive prototype that can facilitate human-like sensemaking, providing emotional support, and generating personalized recommendations to family caregivers. The prototype can receive multimodal inputs (speech, text) from family caregivers and evaluate their personalized emotional and task-related contexts to deliver short, machine-driven, affect-aware messages augmented with multimodal (text, video) recommendations on a pre-defined set of topics. Six healthcare providers and family caregivers were invited to evaluate the prototype. They were instructed to test the prototype on a computer for 1.5 to 2 hours and provide feedback regarding their experiences (e.g., content, accuracy, format, and technology). Participants commented on the usefulness and accuracy of information generated by the model for supporting family caregivers, the level of personalization, the level of detail for various caregiving tasks, and the response time. Overall, participants expressed enthusiasm and satisfaction regarding the model. Further refinement is needed to improve the model’s accuracy and diversity of content related to caregiving tasks, level of engagement, recommended videos, and the response time. Our prototype has potential to provide greatly needed personalized support for family caregivers.
NEIGHBORHOODS MATTER: ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF NEIGHBORHOOD FACILITIES ON SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT AND MENTAL WELL-BEING
Authors: Han Chengming , Zhou Nan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Objective. This study investigated the effects of social engagement and neighborhood facilities on depressive symptoms (CESD) levels among older adults. Methods. Data were draw from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2011-2020. The analytical sample included 3,930 respondents who are 65 years older. An instrumental regression via the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) was employed to estimate the social engagement and CESD scores at baseline, with the number of neighborhood facilities and function limitations (poverid=1.000, pendogen=0.000) serving as instrumental variables. A crossed random multilevel regression clustered within individuals and neighborhoods was used to examine the effects of neighborhood facilities, functional limitations, and social engagement on CESD scores. Results. The instrumental regression indicated a significant negative relationship between social engagement and CESD scores (b=-16.90, p &lt; 0.000). Neighborhood facilities and functional limitations displayed significant effects on social engagement. The crossed random mixed model confirmed the negative association between social engagement (b= -0.24, p = 0.008) and CESD scores and highlighted the significant role of neighborhood facilities (b= -0.11, p &lt; 0.000). The effects clustered at the neighborhood level (ICC=0.37) exhibit a greater impact compared to those clustered by individual ID (ICC=0.19) over survey periods. Conclusion. The findings of this study suggested that neighborhood-level factors have a more pronounced impact on social engagement and mental health than individual-level variations. These results highlighted the need for policies and interventions that enhance community facilities and promote social engagement to support the mental well-being of aging populations.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACTIVE AGING INDEX AND PHYSICAL FUNCTION OF COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Park Ji Yeong , Lee Kyung Hee 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Physical function is a key factor for older adults to live longer in their own place maintaining independence. Active Aging Index (AAI) is a multidimensional composite index, that can capture human capacity and enabling environment for active aging. Nevertheless, research rarely addresses the individual-level AAI related to the physical function of older adults living in the community. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between AAI and physical function of older adults living in community. We utilized the 2020 Survey of Living Conditions and Welfare Needs of Korean Older Persons, employing complex sampling. The physical function of older adults in the community refer to their ability to perform mobility and self-care duties in their daily life. It was measured using the Physical Functioning Assessment of Community-Dwelling Older Persons, a validated and reliable tool. The AAI, which consisted of 4 Domains (i.e., employment, participation in society, independent, healthy and secure living, and capacity and enabling environment for active aging) and 17 Indicators was entered as explanatory variables. The multiple regressions were performed by complex sampling design. The total active aging index was significantly related to the physical function of older adults living in the community. Three out of four domains (employment, Independent, healthy and secure living, and capacity and enabling environment for active aging) were associated with physical function. The social environment must be considered when establishing policies promoting physical function of the older adults living in the community.
THE IDA (INTERFERENCE WITH DAILY ACTIVITIES) SCALE: A NEW MEASURE OF FUNCTION IN MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT
Authors: Tappen Ruth , Jarvis-Powers Robin , Newman David , Rosselli Mónica , Conniff Joshua , Yang KwangSoo , Jang Jinwoo , Li Ashlee 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The functional decrements associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are subtle, difficult to detect and often not reported by patients, yet may interfere with daily activities and be associated with patient concern, sometimes distress. Development of the IDA (Interference with Daily Activities) Scale began with a review of Memory Center patient records and interviews of 53 individuals who attended cognitive screenings sponsored by a second state-supported Memory Disorder Center. It was noted that participants reported few decrements when asked directly but endorsed far more when presented with a list of possible changes. Of 125 original items developed, 85 were retained for further testing based upon the interview results, participant endorsement of the item or supporting literature. They were then tested in two community samples, first reducing them to 65 items and then to 28 on the basis of significant (p≤.05) differences between those with MCI and those who were unimpaired and frequency of endorsement by those with MCI. The final version contains 22 items related directly to cognitive function and 6 items related to the psychosocial effects of the functional difficulties encountered. Internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) was.87, test-retest reliability over three months was.81, and criterion validity in comparison with the ECog scale was excellent (r=.72). IRT analysis indicated good fit and item discrimination. Use of the IDA Scale can contribute to a more comprehensive picture of the individual patient’s condition and current situation in clinical and research contexts.
A QUALITATIVE STUDY ON THE EXPERIENCE OF SMART CARE TECHNOLOGY UTILIZATION AMONG OLDER ADULTS IN KOREA
Authors: Kang Sungwan , Hwang Boram , Kim Haklyoung , Choi Seongsu , Mun Kyoungmi , Lee Yeong Ju 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
To address the increasing desire among older adults who live alone to remain in the community, the Korean government and Korean companies have implemented pilot projects aimed at expanding smart technology integrated care services. Evaluations of these efforts have primarily focused on cost savings and the number of emergency rescue cases through the replacement of care personnel. However, there is a lack of research on users’ experiences with various smart technologies. In particular, research on the experience of using services based on artificial intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT) among low-income, low-educated older adults remains limited. The purpose of this study is to explore the experiences of low-income, low-educated older adults on using AI-based emotional support services and IoT-based abnormal symptom monitoring services. We conducted focus group interviews with 13 participants who used the smart care services for three months in Korea. Using thematic analysis, three main themes emerged: (1) emotions and values, which represent ambivalence toward artificial intelligence (gratitude, connection, indifference, disconnection). (2) social support, which describes the alleviation of negative emotions; government workers including social workers provided detailed explanations about the services, including purposes, usage procedure, and addressing concerns related to the system. (3) new experiences, which discuss the usefulness and value that were newly discovered over the period of use; study participants emphasized that they could lessen their burden on family members. These findings serve as foundational insights for the development and dissemination of smart care services tailored to the needs of low-income, low-educated older adults.
CAN CHATGPT IDENTIFY POTENTIALLY INAPPROPRIATE MEDICATIONS (PIM) IN OLDER ADULTS?
Authors: Cheng Huai 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Reducing prevalent polypharmacy in older adults is critically important in daily practice, but it takes time to do it. Pharmacy care and other practice models can be helpful but costly. ChatGPT passed the USMLE exam and could be used to identify PIM in older adults in daily practice. Based on a case from a published curriculum by the author, ChatGPT was prompted to answer multiple clinical questions with two approaches. First, ChatGPT was prompted to answer four general questions on appropriate use of medications 1) Which of the commonly used 8 drug (s) is (are) PIM and should be avoided in older adults? 2) What is PIM in older adults? 3) How to identify PIM in older adults? 4) What to do with PIM? Second, ChatGPT was prompted to answer additional four specific questions related to the case 1) any drug-drug interactions for this patient? 2) any drug is ineffective for this patient? 3) this patient was taking so many medications. Any way to reduce the number of her medications? 4) Any drug-disease interaction for this patient? The author was the only person to determine the correctness of output from ChatGPT. Overall, ChatGPT can provide the principles of prescribing and de-prescribing for older adults. ChatGPT identified harmful medications and drug-drug interactions, but not drug-disease interactions. This indicated ChatGPT can be helpful in identifying certain PIM, but not drug-disease interactions in older adults. ChatGPT needs to be trained before providers use it to identify all PIM at daily practice.
ASSISTED LIVING STAFF VIEWS OF FAMILY INVOLVEMENT IN PALLIATIVE CARE FOR RESIDENTS WITH DEMENTIA
Authors: Yauk Jessica , Dobbs Debra , Peterson Lindsay 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Of the close to 300,000 residents in assisted living (AL) living with dementia, an estimated 40% will die there and be in need of end-of-life care. Family of residents living with dementia are an important part of the care convoy in AL. This qualitative study aimed to understand staff perspectives about family involvement in end-of-life care. The Palliative Care Education in Assisted Living for Dementia Care Providers intervention study (2019-21) included a sample of 17 AL staff from six treatment sites in Florida who completed four homework assignments. Two of the assignments were writing assignments that 1) asked about a good death for residents and 2) asked staff specifically to identify one resident with dementia who they could do one thing to make them comfortable. A priori codes were used based on the physical, emotional, social and spiritual care domains of palliative care asked about in the homework assignments. The data was coded using Atlas.ti version 23. Family was involved in all four domains of palliative care. Social and emotional aspects of care were the most prominent (e.g., playing music, visits, care coordination, delivery of food) followed by spiritual care (e.g., pray together, attend religious services). Physical care tasks by family were reported less often. Less physically demanding care tasks were performed by the family (e.g., grooming, dressing) with family reliance on direct care staff and hospice providers for more physically demanding care (bathing, transfers), and for pain management. We will discuss the role family play in AL care provision.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS’ VIEWS OF DEPRESCRIBING: A PILOT STUDY
Authors: Noh Hyunjin , Lee Lewis , Jeong Haelim , Emrick Lauryn , Hasnani Madison , Waddell Wendy 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Ample evidence exists on the risks of adverse drug interactions, calling for reducing or stopping ineffective or harmful medications (i.e., describing). However, limited research exists on the views of deprescribing and associated factors among older adults. To fill this gap, this study aimed to examine factors associated with the views of deprescribing among older adults living with multimorbidity and chronic pain. Using purposeful sampling, 132 participants were recruited for a phone survey, who were 65+, living outside of nursing homes, cognitively intact, have two or more chronic illnesses and chronic pain, and take medications for the illnesses, including pain medicine. The revised patient attitudes towards deprescribing (rPATD) questionnaire encompassed five dependent variables: Burden, appropriateness, concerns about stopping, involvement, and willingness to discontinue regular medications. Independent variables included sociodemographic/pain-related variables. A series of regression analyses showed a positive association between the number of medications and the burden factor. Pain scores were positively associated with the belief of medication-induced side effects. The number of chronic health conditions was inversely associated with concerns about cessation, while pain scores were positively related to the same outcome. Age and race were negatively related to the involvement factor. Lastly, gender and marital status were significantly related to the inclination to discontinue regular medications. Findings suggest targeted education efforts for those with a higher number of illnesses, pain, and medications to demystify their concerns about deprescribing and reduce their medication-related burden. Furthermore, advocacy efforts are needed to support older and Black older adults’ involvement in medication decision-making.
MULTIMORBIDITY RESEARCH: CHALLENGES IN RECRUITMENT AND RETENTION OF OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Koirala Binu , Benjasirisan Chitchanok , Lim Arum , Tebay Jordan , Himmelfarb Cheryl Dennison , Davidson Patricia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
With an aging population, medical advancement, and longer life expectancies, the prevalence of multimorbidity is increasing. This demands high-quality health research to tailor and develop effective multimorbidity prevention and management programs. Recruitment and retention are always a concern in research, and it could be more challenging and time-consuming for older adults. This session aims to identify and discuss challenges for the recruitment and retention of older adults with multimorbidity in health research from the learnings of our projects. We conducted four studies among older adults living with multimorbidity: two experience-based co-design studies to understand disease trajectory and symptom burden (n=9 patients; n=2 family caregivers; n=11 healthcare providers) and gender differences on care preferences and outcome (n=24 patients; n=7 family caregivers;15 healthcare providers); a quasi-experimental study implementing a care-coordination and symptom management (COORDINATE) program (n=25); and a cohort study in gender differences in health outcomes (n=353). Recruiting and retaining older adults in research could be affected by multi-level factors including social and structural determinants of health. These challenges can be discussed under 1) individual factors (participants’ biological, physical, psychological, social status, work commitments, financial strain/availability of research instruments such as phones and capacity to use digital devices and electronic portals), research-related factors (availability of the research team, effective communication techniques, and survey design) and system-level factors (limited universal definition of multimorbidity, health and technology access). Our study demonstrated the feasibility of research among older adults living with multimorbidity, yet challenges exist in recruitment and retention and require significant resources and planning.
NETWORK ANALYSIS OF INTEROCEPTIVE SENSIBILITY IN YOUNGER AND OLDER LIVER TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS
Authors: Choi JiYeon , Choi Seongmi , Lee Hanna , Chu Sang Hui 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Due to surgical advancements and post-transplant therapeutics, liver transplantation (LT) is increasingly viable for older adults with end stage liver conditions, such as hepatocellular carcinoma and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Effective post-LT symptom management is crucial for optimizing benefits of LT for older liver transplant recipients (LTRs). Interoceptive sensibility, which involves perceiving and being aware of internal body sensations, plays a vital role in symptom perception and response. Understanding interoceptive sensibility patterns across age groups may help tailor symptom management strategies for older LTRs. This study explored interoceptive sensibility in LTRs using network analysis on a sample of 200 Korean LTRs divided into two age groups: younger LTRs (&lt; 60 years; n=122), and (2) older LTRs (≥ 60 years; n=78). Interoceptive sensibility was assessed using the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (version 2), comprising eight domains: noticing, not distracting, not worrying, attention regulation, emotional awareness, self-regulation, body listening and trusting. Network analysis examined centrality of nodes in the network for each age group. Bootstrapping (1,000 iterations) assessed network stability and accuracy. In younger LTRs, attention regulation reported the largest values for betweenness (rs=1.882), closeness (rs=1.585) and strength (rs=1.140). In older LTR, attention regulation domain reported the largest values for betweenness (re=1.666) and closeness (rs=1.907), while emotional awareness domain (rs=1.180) had the largest values for strength. Networks exhibited stability (correlation stability coefficient ≥ 0.5) and accuracy (small confidence interval). Addressing central interoceptive sensibility domains, particularly emotional awareness, may improve the tailored symptom management strategies for older LTRs, potentially enhancing post-LT outcomes.
RECOMMENDATIONS TO IMPROVE AGING PAIN INTERVENTION RESEARCH ON MINORITIES: A SCOPING REVIEW
Authors: Shah Avani , Brown McKenzie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Limited information is available for evidence supported psychological treatment options for pain in minority populations. The purposes of this scoping review were to determine if psychological treatments were 1) evaluated for minority populations; 2) if minorities were sufficiently included in clinical trials 3) if there were trials that were specific to minority populations. A search was conducted in PsycINFO, MEDLINE, and CINAHL databases for psychological interventions for pain in older adults over the age of 50. We also searched review articles. Search terms were chronic pain OR pain; older adults OR elderly OR geriatric OR aged OR human; pain management OR nonpharmacological pain management OR intervention OR psychotherapy; randomized control trial. Papers had to be in English, a randomized clinical trial, with pain as the primary outcome, and the treatment had to be a psychological intervention. We coded studies that had at least a 90% minority sample as a trial specific to a minority population or if one of the groups was minority. From 14,000 studies identified by the search, we reviewed 485 full texts. Of those,129 psychological interventions studies on older adults with chronic pain met inclusion and exclusion criteria. There were 6 African-American, 7 Asian,1 Turkish, and 2 Iranian samples. Studies represented 24 countries. However, 72 studies did not provide enough information about ethnicity or race. The lack of reporting of race and ethnicity took place across many disciplines and journal types. All journals should require reporting ethnic and racial demographics of participants to increase generalizability of findings.
LINKS BETWEEN SELF-REPORTED HEARING WITH LEARNING AND MEMORY IN THE HEALTH AND RETIREMENT STUDY
Authors: Stickel Ariana , Araujo-Menendez Carlos , Chek Carmen , Coco Laura , González Hector , Tarraf Wassim 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Growing evidence links hearing loss to increased risk for dementia, but the influence of sociodemographic characteristics (e.g., race/ethnicity, insurance status) on this relationship is understudied. Therefore, we examined the relationships between self-rated hearing with learning and memory in a large, population-based sample. Participants included 3,417 individuals (mean age = 74.5 years, SD = 7.9; 9.4% Black, 8.1% Latino, 82.5% White) from the Health and Retirement Study who also completed the Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol (HCAP) in 2016. Individuals rated their hearing as “excellent”, “very good”, “good”, “fair”, or “poor”. Outcomes of interest included scores from each of the learning (1-3) and the delayed memory trials from the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease (CERAD) Word List Memory Task. Probability weighted linear regression models were fit to examine the associations between self-reported hearing with learning and memory. We fit a series of models adjusting for hearing aid use (M1), M1 + education (M2), and M2 + race/ethnicity, age, sex, and insurance (M3). Fair and poor self-reported hearing were associated with a steeper drop from trial 3 recall to delayed recall compared to those who reported excellent hearing in fully-adjusted models (M3: Δ=-0.27, se=0.12, p &lt; 0.05; Δ=-0.47, se=0.16, p &lt; 0.01, respectively). Self-reported poor hearing was associated with worse delayed recall after taking into account hearing aid use and several sociodemographic factors. Hearing loss may be a ubiquitous risk factor for worse delayed recall, suggesting an increased risk for Alzheimer’s disease.