bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pelvic Floor Support and Symptoms 1 Year Postpartum in Relation to Excess Body Habitus Before, During and After First Vaginal Birth
Authors: Sheng Xiaoming , Wang Jie , Shaw Janet M. , Murtaugh Maureen A. , Nygaard Ingrid E. 
Published: March 2022

Importance
Obesity may be a modifiable risk factor for pelvic floor disorders.

Objectives
The objective of this study is to determine associations between weight, weight changes, and cumulative exposure to excess body mass index (BMI) from prepregnancy to 1 year postpartum on pelvic floor support and symptoms 1 year after first vaginal birth.

Study Design
In 645 primiparous women who gave birth vaginally, we assessed anatomic pelvic floor support, pelvic floor symptoms and BMI at the third trimester, 5 – 10 weeks, and 1 year postpartum; we also assessed BMI prepregnancy and predelivery. Using multivariable models, we determined associations between pelvic floor outcomes 1 year postpartum and BMI quartiles at different timepoints, gestational weight gain, and postpartum weight retention. We evaluated associations between stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and moderate/severe urinary incontinence (UI) 1 year postpartum and cumulative excess BMI from prepregnancy to 1-year postpartum (BMI1year).

Results
Body mass index was not associated with anatomic support, composite symptom burden, overactive bladder, anal incontinence, or constipation at any timepoint. Gestational weight gain and postpartum weight retention were not associated with any 1-year outcome. Body mass index at every timepoint was positively associated with SUI and moderate/severe UI; BMI1year was most predictive. Cumulative excess BMI was positively associated with SUI and moderate/severe UI but only slightly more predictive of these outcomes than BMI1year alone.

Conclusions
Body mass index over the pregnancy trajectory was not associated with outcomes other than UI. The small advantage of cumulative exposure to excess BMI over BMI1year in predicting SUI and moderate/severe UI suggests that BMI1year adequately captures risk of these 1-year outcomes.
Mix and Mesh: An Electronic Database of FPMRS Mesh Products Through 2020
Authors: Woodburn Katherine L. , Cardenas-Trowers Olivia O. , Fitzgerald Jocelyn J. 
Published: March 2022

Importance
A sequelae of the removal of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) transvaginal mesh products from the U.S. market is that current and future women's health providers may be unfamiliar with mesh products historically used to treat pelvic floor disorders.

Objectives
Our goal was to create an easily accessible resource to address this knowledge gap.

Study Design
An online database of mesh products used to treat POP and urinary incontinence was created with information, photographs, and videos collated from internet searches; manufacturer materials; and other primary sources. The database was then linked to a free smartphone application.

Results
This smartphone application includes, to the best of our knowledge, all mesh products used in the United States for the treatment of POP and stress urinary incontinence through December 2020. Included in the application are product descriptions of mesh color, size, design, and attachment points. Photographs and videos, when available, are included. The application is organized by mesh product name, but it is also searchable by other categories, such as manufacturer name and color.
To download the application to a smart phone, go to vaginalmeshcatalogue.glideapp.io/ on a web browser or access via the QR code. Once the website is loaded, you can interact with the mesh catalog as a website or save it to the phone's home screen as an application.

Conclusions
Health care providers of all experience levels can use this free application for educational and clinical purposes to better understand patients' histories, improve preoperative planning, and enhance patient counseling.
Practice patterns after implementation of a selective spinal immobilization protocol in a regional trauma system
Authors: Etheridge James C. , Sinyard Robert D. , Atiyeh John , Zhou Guohai , Collins Jay N. , Havens Joaquim M. 
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND
Universal spinal immobilization has been the standard of prehospital trauma care since the 1960s. Selective immobilization has been shown to be safe and effective for emergency medical services use, but it is unclear whether such protocols reduce unnecessary and potentially harmful immobilization practices. This study evaluated the impact of a selective spinal immobilization protocol on practice patterns in a regional trauma system.

METHODS
All encounters for traumatic injury in the Tidewater Emergency Medical Services region from 2010 to 2016 were extracted from the Virginia Pre-Hospital Information Bridge. An interrupted time series analysis was used to assess practice change after system-wide protocol implementation in 2013. Intravenous access was used as a nonequivalent outcome measure in the absence of an appropriate control group.

RESULTS
A total of 63,981 encounters were analyzed. At baseline, 16.7% of patients underwent full immobilization. The preprotocol slope was slightly positive (0.2% per month; 95% confidence interval, 0.1–0.2%). Slope and level changes after protocol implementation did not differ from those observed for intravenous access (−0.4% vs. −0.4% per month [p = 0.4917] and −1.6% vs. −1.1% [p = 0.1202], respectively). Cervical spinal immobilization became more common over the postimplementation period (0.1% per month; 95% confidence interval, 0.1–0.1%). Rates of immobilization for isolated penetrating trauma remained unchanged.

CONCLUSION
Implementation of a selective spinal immobilization protocol did not reduce prehospital immobilization rates in a regional trauma system. Given the entrenched nature of immobilization practices, more intensive education and training strategies are needed. Efforts should prioritize eliminating immobilization for isolated penetrating trauma given its association with increased mortality.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic/Care Management; Level IV.
Cardiovascular Effects of High-Frequency Magnetic Seizure Therapy Compared With Electroconvulsive Therapy
Authors: Zhang Jun-yan , Wu Han , Jia Li-na , Jiang Wei , Luo Jiong , Liu Yi , Gao Qi , Ren Yan-ping , Ma Xin , Tang Yi-lang , McDonald William M. 
Published: February 2022

Background
Magnetic seizure therapy (MST) is a novel convulsive therapy that has been shown to have antidepressant efficacy comparable to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) with fewer cognitive side effects. However, the cardiovascular (CVS) effects of high frequency MST in comparison to ECT have not been investigated.

Materials and Methods
Forty-five patients with depression received 6 treatment sessions of 100 Hz MST versus 6 bifrontal ECT treatments in a nonrandomized comparative clinical design. Data on CVS function including heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and rate pressure product (RPP) were collected at baseline (T0), after the induction of anesthesia but before the electrical stimulation (T1), during convulsion (T2), 2 minutes after cessation of motor seizure (T3), 5 minutes after cessation of motor seizure (T4), and 10 minutes after cessation of motor seizure (T5). Comparisons were made with baseline data and between MST and ECT groups.

Results
There were statistically significant elevations in the maximum HR, SBP, DBP, and RPP in patients receiving ECT compared with MST both in the initial and sixth treatments (all P < 0.05). Particularly, at T2, the ECT group had significantly higher HR, SBP, DBP, and RPP than those in MST group both in initial and sixth treatment (all P < 0.001). At the sixth treatment, the ECT group had significantly higher SBP, DBP, and RPP during the treatment than in the MST group (all P < 0.001).

Limitations
The anesthetic choices for this study may limit the generalizability of our findings. The sample size was relatively small.

Conclusions
Compared with ECT, high-frequency MST has fewer CVS side effects and may be a safer option for depression patients with CVS disorders.
Changes in the quality of cancer care as assessed through performance indicators during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020: a Scoping Review
Authors: Carvalho Ana Sofia , Fernandes Óscar Brito , de Lange Mats , Lingsma Hester , Klazinga Niek , Kringos Dionne 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectivesSummarize performance indicators used in the literature to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer care (January-June 2020), and to assess changes in the quality of care as assessed via selected indicators.MethodsScoping review. Indicators and their reported trends were collated following the cancer care pathway.ResultsDatabase searches retrieved 6277 articles, 838 articles met the inclusion criteria, and 135 articles were included after full-text screening, from which 917 indicators were retrieved. Indicators assessing the diagnostic process showed a decreasing trend: from 33 indicators reporting on screening, 30 (91%) signalled a decrease during the pandemic (n=30 indicators, 91%). A reduction was also observed in the number of diagnostic procedures (n=64, 58%) and in the diagnoses (n=130, 89%). The proportion of diagnoses in the emergency setting and waiting times showed an increasing trend (n=8, 89% and n=14, 56%, respectively). Nine indicators (64%) showed stability in cancer stages distribution. A decreasing trend in the proportion of earliest stage cancers was reported by 63% of indicators (n=9), and 70% (n=43) of indicators showed an increasing trend in the proportion of advanced-stage cancers. Indicators reflecting the treatment process signalled a reduction in the number of procedures: 79% (n=82) of indicators concerning surgeries, 72% (n=41) of indicators assessing trends in radiotherapy, and 93% (n=40) of indicators related to systemic therapies. Modifications in cancer treatment were frequently reported: 64% (n=195) of indicators revealed changes in treatment. Ten indicators (83%) signalled a decreasing number of hospital admissions.ConclusionHealth systems struggled to ensure continuity of cancer care. As this pandemic keeps evolving, the trends reported over the first 6 months of 2020 provide an argument to monitor these changes closely. This information needs to be transparent, standardised, and timely, allowing to monitor quality and outcomes of care during crises and inform policy responses.
Three Mutations Convert the Selectivity of a Protein Sensor from Nicotinic Agonists to S-methadone for Use in Cells, Organelles, and Biofluids
Authors: Muthusamy Anand K. , Kim Charlene H. , Virgil Scott C. , Knox Hailey J. , Marvin Jonathan S. , Nichols Aaron L. , Cohen Bruce N. , Dougherty Dennis A. , Looger Loren L. , Lester Henry A. 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTWe report a reagentless, intensity-based S-methadone fluorescent sensor, iS-methadoneSnFR, consisting of a circularly permuted GFP inserted within the sequence of a mutated bacterial periplasmic binding protein (PBP). We evolved a previously reported nicotine-binding PBP to become a selective S-methadone-binding sensor, via three mutations in the PBP’s second shell and hinge regions. iS-methadoneSnFR displays the necessary sensitivity, kinetics, and selectivity – notably enantioselectivity against R-methadone – for biological applications. Robust iS-methadoneSnFR responses in human sweat and saliva and mouse serum enable diagnostic uses. Expression and imaging in mammalian cells demonstrate that S-methadone enters at least two organelles and undergoes acid trapping in the Golgi apparatus, where opioid receptors can signal. This work shows a straightforward strategy in adapting existing PBPs to serve real-time applications ranging from subcellular to personal pharmacokinetics.
IgG1 responses following SARS-CoV-2 infection are polyclonal and highly personalized, whereby each donor and each clone displays a distinct pattern of cross-reactivity against SARS-CoV-2 variants
Authors: van Rijswijck Danique M.H. , Bondt Albert , Hoek Max , van der Straten Karlijn , Caniels Tom G. , Poniman Meliawati , Eggink Dirk , Reusken Chantal , de Bree Godelieve J. , Sanders Rogier W. , van Gils Marit J. , Heck Albert J.R. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractUsing a recently introduced efficient mass spectrometry-based approach we monitored individual donors’ IgG1 clonal responses in molecular detail, examining SARS-CoV-2 spike-protein-specific IgG1 repertoires. We monitored the plasma clonal IgG1 profiles of 8 donors (4 male and 4 female) who had recently experienced an infection by either the wild type Wuhan Hu-1 virus or one of 3 VOCs (Alpha, Beta and Gamma). In these donors we charted the full plasma IgG1 repertoires as well as the IgG1 repertoires targeting the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein trimer as antigen. We observed that shortly after infection in between <0.1% to almost 10% of all IgG1 antibody molecules present in plasma did bind to the spike protein. Each donor displayed a unique plasma IgG1 repertoire, but also each donor displayed a unique and polyclonal antibody response against the SARS-CoV-2 spike-protein variants. Our analyses revealed that certain clones exhibit (alike) binding affinity towards all four tested spike-protein variants, whereas other clones displayed strong unique mutant-specific affinity. We conclude that each infected person generates a unique polyclonal response following infection, whereby some of these clones can bind multiple viral variants, whereas other clones do not display such cross-reactivity. In general, by assessing IgG1 repertoires following infection it becomes possible to identify and select fully matured human plasma antibodies that target specific antigens, and display either high specificity or cross-reactivity versus mutated versions of the antigen, which will aid in selecting antibodies that may be developed into biotherapeutics.
Using predictive validity to compare associations between brain damage and behavior
Authors: Magnotti John F. , Patterson Jaclyn S. , Schnur Tatiana T. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLesion-behavior mapping (LBM) provides a statistical map of the association between voxel-wise brain damage and individual differences in behavior. To understand whether two behaviors are mediated by damage to distinct regions, researchers often compare LBM weight outputs by either the Overlap method or the Correlation method. However, these methods lack statistical criteria to determine whether two LBM are distinctvs. the same and are disconnected from a major goal of LBMs: predicting behavior from brain damage. Without such criteria, researchers may draw conclusions from numeric differences between LBMs that are irrelevant to predicting behavior. We developed and validated a Predictive Validity Comparison method (PVC) that establishes a statistical criterion for comparing two LBMs using predictive accuracy: two LBMs are distinct if and only if they provide unique predictive power for the behaviors being assessed. We applied PVC to two lesion-behavior stroke data sets, demonstrating its utility for determining when behaviors arise from the samevs. different lesion patterns. Using region-of-interest based simulations derived from proportion damage from a large data set (n= 131), PVC accurately detected when behaviors were mediated by different regions (high sensitivity) vs. the same region (high specificity). Both the Overlap method and Correlation method performed poorly on the simulated data. By objectively determining whether two behavioral deficits can be explained by a singlevs. distinct patterns of brain damage, PVC provides a critical advance in establishing the brain bases of behavior. We have developed and released a GUI-driven web app to encourage widespread adoption.
Hypoconnectivity between anterior insula and amygdala in neonates with familial history of autism
Authors: Scheinost Dustin , Chang Joseph , Lacadie Cheryl , Brennan-Wydra Emma , Foster Rachel , Boxberger Alexandra , Macari Suzanne , Vernetti Angelina , Constable R. Todd , Ment Laura R. , Chawarska Katarzyna 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundAltered resting state functional connectivity (FC) involving the anterior insula (aINS), a key node in the salience network, has been reported consistently in autism.MethodHere we examined, for the first time, FC between the aINS and the whole brain in a sample of full-term, postmenstrual age (PMA) matched neonates (mean 44.0 weeks, SD=1.5) who due to family history have high likelihood (HL) for developing autism (n=12) and in controls (n=41) without family history of autism (low likelihood, LL). Behaviors associated with autism were evaluated between 12 and 18 months (M=17.3 months, SD=2.5) in a subsample (25/53) of participants using the First Year Inventory (FYI).ResultsCompared to LL controls, HL neonates showed hypoconnectivity between left aINS and left amygdala. Lower connectivity between the two nodes was associated with higher FYI risk scores in the social domain (r(25) = −.561, p=.003) and this association remained robust when maternal mental health factors were considered. Considering that a subsample of LL participants (n=14/41) underwent brain imaging during the fetal period at PMA 31 and 34 weeks, in an exploratory analysis, we evaluated prospectively development of the LaINS-Lamy connectivity and found that the two areas strongly coactivate throughout the third trimester of pregnancy.ConclusionsThe study identifies left lateralized anterior insula - amygdala connectivity as a potential target of further investigation into neural circuitry that enhances likelihood of future onset of social behaviors associated with autism during neonatal and potentially prenatal periods.
Social interaction and rate effects in models of musical synchronization
Authors: Bégel Valentin , Demos Alexander P. , Wang Michelle , Palmer Caroline 
Published: February 2022

AbstractImportant individual differences are observed in people’s abilities to synchronize their body movements with regular auditory rhythms. We investigate whether synchronizing with a regular auditory cue is affected by each person’s spontaneous production rate (SPR) and by hearing a partner’s synchronization in a social context. Musically trained and untrained participants synchronized their tapping with an auditory cue presented at different rates (their own SPR or their partner’s SPR) and in a Solo or Joint (turn-taking) condition. Linear and nonlinear oscillator models were fit to participants’ mean asynchronies (signed timing differences between the cued onsets and taps). In Joint turn-taking, participants’ synchrony was increased when the auditory signal was cued at the participant’s own SPR, compared with their partner’s SPR; in contrast, synchronization did not differ across rates in the Solo condition. Asynchronies in the Joint task became larger as the difference between partners’ spontaneous rates increased; the increased asynchronies were driven by the faster partner who did not slow down to match the rate of their slower partner. Nonlinear delay-coupled models (with time delay, coupling strength, and intrinsic frequency) outperformed linear models (intrinsic frequency only) in accounting for tappers’ synchronization adjustments. The nonlinear model’s coupling value increased for musically trained participants, relative to untrained participants. Overall, these findings suggest that both intrinsic differences in partners’ spontaneous rates and the social turn-taking context contribute to the range of synchrony in the general population. Delay-coupled models are capable of capturing the wide range of individual differences in auditory-motor synchronization.
Protection of Hamsters Challenged with SARS-CoV-2 after Two Doses of MVC-COV1901 Vaccine Followed by a Single Intranasal Booster with Nanoemulsion Adjuvanted S-2P Vaccine
Authors: Lin Yi-Jiun , Lin Meei-Yun , Chuang Ya-Shan , Liu Luke Tzu-Chi , Kuo Tsun-Yung , Chen Charles , Ganesan Shyamala , Fattom Ali , Bitko Vira , Lien Chia-En 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntramuscular vaccines have greatly reduced hospitalization and death due to severe COVID-19. However, most countries are experiencing a resurgence of infection driven predominantly by the Delta and Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2. In response, booster dosing of COVID-19 vaccines has been implemented in many countries to address waning immunity and reduced protection against the variants. However, intramuscular boosting fails to elicit mucosal immunity and therefore does not solve the problem of persistent viral carriage and transmission, even in patients protected from severe disease. In this study, two doses of stabilized prefusion SARS-CoV-2 spike (S-2P)-based intramuscular vaccine adjuvanted with Alum/CpG1018, MVC-COV1901, were used as a primary vaccination series, followed by an intranasal booster vaccination with nanoemulsion (NE01)-adjuvanted S-2P vaccine in a hamster model to demonstrate immunogenicity and protection from viral challenge. Here we report that this vaccination regimen resulted not only in the induction of robust immunity and protection against weight loss and lung pathology following challenge with SARS-CoV-2, but also led to increased viral clearance from both upper and lower respiratory tracts. Our findings showed that intramuscular MVC-COV1901 vaccine followed by a booster with intranasal NE01-adjuvanted vaccine promotes protective immunity against both viral infection and disease, suggesting that this immunization protocol may offer a solution in addressing a significant, unmet medical need for both the COVID-19 and future pandemics.
IFNβ-1b treatment leads to changes in the B cell subset and cytokine secretion profile in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
Authors: Mielcarz Daniel W. , Bergeron Alan J. , DeLong John K. , Dias Alexandra , Smith Kathleen M. , Mack Karen L. , Kasper Lloyd H. , Channon Jacqueline Y. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn order to explore the effect of IFNβ-1b treatment on B cell phenotype and function in RRMS patients, blood was drawn from RRMS patients before treatment and again 2 and 6 months after every other day injections of IFNβ-1b. Cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were thawed and stained with panels of antibodies against B cell surface antigens and the intracellular cytokines, IL-10 and IL-6. At baseline, PBMCs from RRMS patients have increased frequencies of B1 cells and a decreased frequencies of memory B cells when compared with PBMCs from age- and gender-matched healthy controls. CpG-stimulated PBMCs from patients treated with IFNβ-1b show an increase in IL-10 production and a decrease in IL-6 production by naïve, memory and B1 cells compared with healthy controls. In addition, this treatment alters the composition of circulating B cell subsets, leading to an increase after six months in circulating naïve B cells and a decrease in both memory and B1 cells, both cell types of which are potentially pathogenic in RRMS. Patients were divided into two groups based on disease activity, no/low or moderate/high. A significantly higher frequency of B1 cells and higher expression of CD27 on these cells was seen at baseline in the moderate/high disease activity group to IFNβ-1b compared with patients in the no/low disease activity group. Although the number of subjects in this study was limited, these findings suggest that alterations in the B cell compartment may be a mechanism by which IFNβ-1b reduces disease activity.