bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Picking up an insulinoma – The challenges ahead
Authors: Sunder Ashok , Saha Sudip , Satyanarayan Bhagyalakshmi , Kumar Manish , Sarkar Nilanjan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Insulinoma is a rare pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour (PNET) with an incidence rate of 4 per million population, and the most common cause of hypoglycaemia due to endogenous hyperinsulinism. We present the story of a 61-year-old male, who was extensively evaluated at many hospitals for his symptoms of giddiness, uneasiness and recurrent black outs for the last 3 months, his symptoms disappearing with a carbohydrate rich meal or sweets. Random sugar and fasting sugar values noted were low, with elevated insulin and C-peptide levels. Diagnosis of insulinoma was confirmed by a DOTA PET scan involving the tail of the pancreas and then surgically removed. Early detection is crucial for early surgery to allay symptoms. We describe our diagnostic and treatment plan with reference to previously published reports.
Integration of primary palliative care into geriatric care from the Indian perspective
Authors: Atreya Shrikant , Sinha Abhik , Kumar Raman 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The rising trend in the ageing population alongside social, cultural, and economic changes poses a major threat to the health care system in the country. Elderly population have dynamic and complex health care needs, are debilitated by the progressive chronic life-threatening diseases, and live a compromised quality of life. Palliative care, with its multifaceted approach, can provide respite to the elderly population. A decentralized approach in which palliative care is provided by the local community will ensure seamless continuity of care and care at an affordable cost. General practitioners or family physicians play a vital role in delivering primary palliative care to the elderly population in the community. An integrating primary palliative–geriatric care model will ensure that care is provided in alignment with the patients’ and their families’ wishes along the trajectory of the life-threatening illness and at the patients’ preferred place. However, delivering primary palliative care in the community can be riddled with challenges at various levels, such as identification of patients in need of palliative care, interpersonal communication, addressing patients’ and caregivers’ needs, clarity in roles and responsibilities between general practitioner and family physicians and specialist palliative care teams, coordination of services with specialists, and lack of standard guidelines for palliative care referral. Various geriatric–palliative care models have been tested over the years, such as delivering palliative and end-of-life care for disease-specific conditions at specified care settings (home or hospice) and provision of care by different specialist palliative care teams and general practitioners or family physicians. Akin to the aforementioned models, the National Health Program in the country envisages to strengthen the integration of geriatric and palliative care. The integrated geriatric–palliative care model will ensure continuity of care, equitable distribution of service, impeccable inter-sectoral collaboration and care at an affordable cost.
Study of readiness and performance of nurses in evaluating clinical care and processes of care and nursing
Authors: Khosravi Shaqayeq , Dehkourdi Narges J. , Dezfouli Seyedeh M. M. , Javid Asma , Hemmati Sahar , Delavar Motahare A. , Nasersaeed Mitra , Koudarzi Mozhdeh 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background:
Clinical care and nursing skills are important issues that can influence the efficacy of treatment, the health of patients, and medical errors. The aim of this study was to investigate the readiness of medical staff in the field of effectiveness and evaluation of clinical care and nursing skills.

Materials and methods:
This descriptive, cross-sectional study was performed on 99 medical staff working in hospitals from August 2020 to December 2021. The instrument used was a checklist for the effectiveness and evaluation of clinical care based on the findings of the nursing reports. Data were analyzed by statistical software.

Results:
The mean age of nurses was 37.5 years. Among the participants, 16.3% were male and 85.7% were female; 56.6% of nurses had completed clinical care. The overall performance of nurses in drug-related care and nursing processes was observed to be acceptable. Nurses were successful in performing many aspects of the nursing processes of repulsion, absorption, and dressing and showed good preparation. In relation to gavage, a high percentage of nurses performed the procedure well. However, in some cases, such as medication-related care, handwashing, and the use of personal protective equipment, where there is a possibility of touching the blood or other body fluids of the patients, the performance of nurses was moderate.

Conclusion:
The findings of this research demonstrated that there are limitations, strengths, and weaknesses in terms of some aspects such as medication, care and nursing processes, compliance with standards, and infection control, which can be considered to improve the performance of nurses in the future.
Impact of health education intervention on menstruation and its hygiene among urban school-going adolescent girls in Thiruvallur, Tamilnadu
Authors: Parasuraman Gomathy , Vijay Vinodhini , Balaji S , Nisha B , Dutta Ruma , Jain Timsi , Eshwar P Anantha 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
Adolescent girls require specific and special attention since they are the most vulnerable group not only in terms of their social status but also their health. Poor menstrual hygiene can lead to developing infections and other complications. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of assessing the impact of health education on menstrual hygiene among urban school-going adolescent girls.

Methodology:
A quasi-experimental, pre and post-test study was conducted among adolescent girls aged between 11 to 17 years from two public schools in the urban field practice area of tertiary care medical college in Thiruvallur district of Tamilnadu. A pre-interventional survey was done using a pretested validated questionnaire. Multipronged health education intervention was administered, and its effectiveness was measured after four months using the same tool. Frequencies, percentages, median, and range were used to describe variables. ‘Wilcoxon signed-rank test’ and the “Mann–Whitney U-” test were used for inferential statistics.

Results:
There was a statistically significant (P = 0.0001) improvement in the knowledge of menstruation, perceived attitude, and practice of good menstrual hygiene from pre to post-test after the intervention. Demographic factors such as age, mother’s education, and socio-economic status, and Menstrual characteristics such as age at menarche, regular menstrual flow, absence of dysmenorrhea, and getting menstruation advice before menarche were found to be significantly associated with the post-test median scores.

Conclusion:
A planned and structured health education program should be addressed to adolescent girls both at schools and community settings for improving menstruation-related knowledge and practices.
An algorithmic approach to shoulder pathology
Authors: Hind Jamie , Sidhu Gur Aziz S. , Arealis Georgios , Khadabadi Nikhil A. , Ashwood Neil 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
Shoulder pain is a common presentation in both hospitals and the community. Shoulder pain can result from a number of different pathologies and to manage the shoulder pain, an accurate diagnosis is needed.

Method:
An accurate diagnosis can often be made following a detailed history and examination. Investigations, such as imaging and blood tests may also be required. In this study, we provide an algorithmic approach to shoulder pain that can be used in the clinical setting.

Summary:
This algorithm can be used in hospitals and the community to help identify and manage the different causes of shoulder pain.
A community-based, cross-sectional study of gender egalitarianism: A promising scenario from an urban field practice area attached to a teaching institute from Central India
Authors: Choudhary Sanjeev M. , Kubde Sanjay , Ukey Ujwala U. , Agrawal Sanjay B. , Shinde Rani R. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Context:
Gender-based discrimination is more predominant in India. In spite of various laws, gender inequality is an evil that plagues society even today. This is an important challenge for meeting our Sustainable Development Goals.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was carried out in an urban field practice area. Study subjects were married women and their husbands in the age-group of 15–49 years along with their under-five children. Gender egalitarianism was assessed for factors like education, employment and media exposure. Factors which were studied for revealing gender egalitarianism among children included sex ratio, immunization status, nutritional status and health care expenditure. Completed family size and preference for the sex of the child were enquired about to assess the inclination towards male gender of the baby. Anthro software was used for statistical analysis.

Results:
Gender egalitarianism was found with regards to education. However, significant difference was noted in the employment status of men and women. Overall, sex ratio was in favor of girls. Though gender inequality was evident from the results, it was more in favor of girls. There was no evidence of gender bias for immunization of children. It was observed that more boys were stunted than girls and almost equal proportion of boys and girls were wasted.

Conclusions:
Factors like high literacy, control over income, access to financial resources made women more empowered and such empowered women were less likely to show son preference. Hence, there was no gender inequality among children in the present study.
Developing an operational research model for strengthening policy and programs on prevention and control of hypertension in India
Authors: Goel Sonu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Hypertension is one of the significant risk factors for many noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), diabetes, stroke and chronic artery diseases. Despite the dismal scenario of CVDs in India, there is paucity of research in the field, which hampers effective decision making. In cognizance of the crucial role played by operational research (OR) in NCD policy design and program implementation, the Resource Center of Cardiovasuclar Health issued an open call for a manuscript writing program on hypertension using secondary data of National Family Health Survey-4. After thorough screening of the concept proposals of the applicants, 30 researchers were selected. Each of the 30 selected researchers further formed team of 3–7 researchers per team, thus having almost 150 + researchers on the board. Besides receiving the short workshops for the finalization of research question and manuscript writing, each team of researchers was assigned an OR mentor for guidance, review and finalization of the manuscript. There were two levels of peer review for each manuscript. In this first-of-its-operational research (OR) model on hypertension, we built the capacity of young researchers from various medical and research institutes of country in OR related to hypertension in India. The models’ success is proved by its cost-effective approach and development of 30 high-quality research articles on hypertension. While we faced challenges in the process, several lessons were learned which will be instrumental in the future planning and implementation of such OR programs for other public health issues.
Urban–rural disparities in blood pressure and lifestyle risk factors of hypertension among Indian individuals
Authors: Venkatesh U. , Grover Ashoo , Vignitha B. , Ghai Glory , Malhotra Sumit , Kishore Jugal , Jaswal Nidhi , Yashwanth R D , Durga R , Goel Sonu , Kishore Surekha 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objectives:
This study aims to assess the urban–rural difference in prevalence of hypertension (HT) and to explore the disparities in lifestyle risk factors of HT among urban and rural individuals aged 15–49 years in India.

Study Design:
The cross-sectional data collected as a part of the fourth round of National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4) was analysed in this observational study. NFHS-4 was conducted between January 2015 and December 2016 amongst men aged 15–54 years and women aged 15–49 years. In order to maintain uniformity, age group of 15–49 years was considered. Descriptive analyses were performed for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. Binary logistic regression was conducted to assess the predictors of HT in men and women in urban and rural settings. The presence of HT was considered as the outcome variable.

Results:
The overall age adjusted prevalence of HT was 17.2% and was greater in urban (18.3%) than in rural population (15.5%). The age adjusted prevalence was also higher in males (18.2%) as compared to females (16.1%). Age and wealth were associated with HT in both urban and rural population. Education and dietary habits played a role in all except rural men. Alcohol consumption, diabetic status and marital status were significantly associated with HT in both urban and rural women. Occupation was associated with HT only in urban women.

Conclusions:
The study has shown higher HT prevalence in urban areas despite higher prevalence of lifestyle risk factors in rural settings. This calls for more robust screening and health education in the entire population, especially in rural areas.
Yoga as an Adjuvant therapy in management of migraine- An open label randomised trial
Authors: Kumari Sweety , Dhar Minakshi , Pathania Monika , Kumar Niraj , Kulshrestha Poorvi , Singh Anvita 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
Drug treatment is not very satisfactory in migraine and is associated with adverse effects. The effect of yoga as an add-on therapy in migraine was evaluated in the present study.

Methods:
Patients between the age of 18 and 60 years suffering from migraine were recruited from Internal Medicine and Neurology OPD. Migraine was diagnosed according to the International Headache Society, International Classification of Headache Disorders-3rd edition (IHS, ICHD-3). At baseline, clinical and autonomic parameters of patients were assessed, and consenting patients were randomized into two equal groups by using a computer-based random number generator program (version 1): conventional (C group) and conventional plus yoga (C+Y group). Both groups were given conventional therapy for migraine, and the C+Y group was given yoga as an add-on therapy. Yoga therapy was given for 5 days/week for 12 weeks, and a post-intervention assessment was done at the 14th week. Subjective variables such as frequency and average duration were assessed through headache diaries or telephonic conversation, while severity was assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) and headache impact test (HIT-6).

Statistical Analysis:
Independent t test and Mann–Whitney U Test (Wilcoxon rank-sum test) were used for comparing normally and non-normally distributed endpoint outcomes after treatment (AT).

Results:
Out of 170 patients screened, 75 were diagnosed with migraine and only 34 patients completed the study (17 in each group). All clinical and autonomic parameters showed significant improvement in pre- and post-intervention values in both groups (P < 0.0001). On comparing the conventional (C) group and conventional + yoga (C+Y) group, the change in the VAS score was more in the C+Y group (P = 0.041) and heart rate variability showed more reduction in the C+Y group (P = 0.032).

Conclusion:
We did not find any significant difference in the clinical outcome by adding yoga therapy to conventional therapy, except reduction in VAS score and reduction in heart rate variability.
Retrospective histopathologic findings of routine cholecystectomy specimens in a teaching hospital in North East India
Authors: Hajong Ranendra , Newme Kewithinwangbo , Moirangthem Thoiba , Khongwar Donkupar , Baruah Arup Jyoti 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background:
Cholecystectomy is one of the most common general surgical operations performed worldwide. Limited data is available about the histopathological diagnoses of various gallbladder diseases in North Eastern part of India even though a higher incidence of gallbladder cancer has been reported from this part of the Country. Hence, a retrospective review of the histopathological findings of routine cholecystectomy specimens was done to assess the incidence of gallbladder cancer and other gallbladder pathologies.

Aims and Objective:
To study the incidence of gallbladder cancer and other pathologic findings in routine cholecystectomy specimens.

Methodology:
A retrospective study of the histopathological findings of cholecystectomy specimens with presumed benign gallbladder diseases who had undergone cholecystectomy from June 2013 till October 2021.

Results:
A total of 1683 patients had undergone cholecystectomy during the study period. In total, 1354 patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy and 339 patients underwent open cholecystectomy. Gallstones were present in 1631 patients. Chronic cholecystitis and cholesterosis were the most common histopathologic findings, followed by pyloric metaplasia. Unsuspected gallbladder cancer was detected in eight patients (0.48%).

Conclusion:
Chronic cholecystitis was the most common histopathologic finding followed by pyloric metaplasia. Gallstones were found in most patients. Incidental gallbladder cancer was detected in 0.48% of patients.
Prevalence of fatty liver and its related factors in children
Authors: Sadeghian Mahnaz , Vafadar Mehdi , Torabi Ala , Torabi Sara , Fazel Mehrshad 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background:
Fatty liver disease is a severe liver condition that affects youngsters. Liver disease in children increases the incidence of liver fibrosis in their adulthood. Due to the importance of this disease and related factors in children, such as diabetes and obesity, our study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of fatty liver in children.

Materials and Methods:
This is a descriptive cross-sectional study done in Ali Asghar Hospital from June 2020 to December 2020. Demographic characteristics and prevalence of fatty liver were assessed. Blood samples were obtained after ten hours of fasting to assess AST, ALT, ALP, and blood glucose levels. Ultrasound was also used to check the health of the liver. Walking to school and exercising were also assessed. Data were analyzed using statistical software.

Results:
This research included 2526 children, and 37 of them had fatty liver. Fatty liver was more common in children with a BMI greater than 30, as well as metabolic and hypoparathyroid illness (P = 0.02). A significant association was observed between exercise and walking with fatty liver disease (P < 0.05). The majority of the individuals had grade 1 fatty liver (75.5%). Grade 1 fatty liver was seen in 90% of those who did not participate in athletics and 95% of those who did not walk to school. In addition, 94% of patients who exercised for less than ten minutes had grade 1fatty liver.

Conclusion:
Initially, exercise and weight loss had an essential effect on fatty liver disease. In fact, lifestyle changes and prevention of obesity may reduce liver damage.
Insulin Therapy among Outpatient Department Patients of Diabetes Mellitus in a Tertiary Care Hospital: Do They Have Adequate Knowledge about Insulin?
Authors: Teli Prabhakar T , Ekambaram T , Yadav Arun Kumar 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
Insulin is one of the most effective agents in reducing hyperglycemia when used in appropriate doses. However, insulin may have risks if used inappropriately. Insufficient knowledge of insulin self-injection can result in complication, adverse patient outcomes, and invariably poor glycemic control.

Methods:
A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among patients with diabetes mellitus attending the outpatient department of the hospital in western Maharashtra. Data on sociodemographic factors and knowledge and attitude with insulin syringes were collected.

Results:
A total of 93 participated in the study. The mean age of the participant was 55.5 years, and most were male (52, 55.9%). Seventy-five (80.7%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 71.1–88.1) were having adequate knowledge. Higher education was associated with adequate knowledge. The attitude was adequate in 24 (25.8%, 95% CI: 17.2–35.9) participants. Higher duration of illness of diabetes mellitus was associated with good attitude.

Conclusion:
The study found that there are gaps in knowledge and attitude for the use of insulin syringes. Opportunistic or one-to-one health education may be taken to improve knowledge and attitude regarding insulin syringes.
PENYELESAIAN TINDAK PIDANA RINGAN MELALUI PROSES KEARIFAN LOKAL SEBAGAI BAGIAN DARI RESTORATIVE JUSTICE
Authors: Des Maicho Elwin  , Edgar Michael Parinussa  
Published: October 2022

Restorative justice in the criminal justice system is justice whose process involves all parties in a particular crime and jointly solve problems and deal with future consequences. One way that can be used is to consider the local wisdom that exists in an area. This study aims to find out how the process of resolving minor crimes through the process of Local Wisdom as part of Restorative Justice in the Wasuponda community, especially the Padoe custom and being able to find out what are the obstacles faced by the customary council and law enforcement officers in resolving minor crimes through the wisdom process. as part of restorative justice in the Wasuponda community.
This study uses a normative-empirical research method. The data used in the research is secondary data (Library Research) in the form of laws, books, journals, and scientific articles related to the title, then primary data for field research (Field Research) based on interviews with the Padoe customary council. . The data obtained were then analyzed by the author in a descriptive-qualitative manner. The results of the study indicate that the process of Local Wisdom as part of restorative justice in the community with Padoe Customs in Wasuponda has been carried out for a long time. The Wasuponda Sector Police coordinates with the Padoe Customary Council in dealing with minor crimes as a fair, fast and low-cost decision. To support the sustainability of the implementation of justice with local wisdom, it is necessary to socialize to the community regarding the process of resolving minor crimes in local wisdom as part of restorative justice so that there is understanding in the community.