bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Epidemiology of Tuberculosis among Internal Displaced Persons in EL-salam Camp, South Darfur State - Sudan 2022.
Authors: Salih Ahmed , Salim Abdelbasit , Dawria Adam , Belal Abdallah , Alzaki Ahmed 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Sudan is a large country. It has a diverse economy, a large population, and a history of civil wars and conflicts. The poverty rate is high. With an estimated 50,000 TB incident cases, in the year 2009. Objectives: To study the epidemiology of TB, risk factors associated with the spread of the disease, and to evaluate the effectiveness of TB program interventions in EL-salam IDP camp in South Darfur state in Sudan from 2019 to 2022.
Methodology: A cross-sectional, descriptive, community-based study with a cluster sample was used; pre and post-intervention study. There were 401 households chosen in the 1st study in which a survey was conducted at the start of the study as a baseline to measure tuberculosis epidemiology and the implementation of tuberculosis program interventions; After 6 months, the same study was repeated for case epidemiology (prevalence), in the sample were 398 households, Interventions include case detection and treatment. Community mobilization and education about tuberculosis through various means of community awareness, free diagnosis, and treatment. The questionnaire was designed and the mobile app kobo-toolbox was used to collect data before and after the intervention. SPSS was used to analyze the data.
Result: In the first study, the prevalence of suspected TB cases was 52.9%(9/17 )of the suspected tuberculosis cases were sent for testing, 9 cases were positive in the camp, and the overall prevalence of positive tuberculosis in the camp was 2.2 % (9/401). In the first study, the prevalence of tuberculosis among people aged 30–39 years was 1.3% (5/401), and it was highest among females at 1.8% (7/401) and lower among males at 0.50% (2/401). Tuberculosis is prevalent among the uneducated at 1.00% (4/401). The prevalence of tuberculosis is higher among the increased number of people living in a room, with a statistically significant p-value of 0.000. The prevalence is also high among people who have never had an infection with TB; 2.00% (8/401), with a statistically significant p-value of 0.001. In the second study following the program interventions, the prevalence was zero. Although there was no significant change in other variables, the intervention was not well controlled or systematically managed due to the many challenges faced by the study, e.g., the COVID-19 pandemic.
Conclusion: The study concluded that the prevalence of TB was 2.2% (9/401). The prevalence among suspected cases sent for testing was 52.9% (9/17). TB is also high in females at 1.8 % (7/401), compared with males at 0.50% (2/401). The study revealed that disease prevalence among the age group 30–39 years old is 1.3% (5/401). The spread of TB has been linked to a lack of education at 1.00% (4/401), overcrowding at 0.8% (3/401), and family income very low at less than 3 dollars at 46.1%( 184/401).
AGW reassessment through behavioral modeling from millennial climate data
Authors: de Larminat Philippe 
Published: November 2022

AbstractContext. Theanthropogenic principle, usually referred to as AGW (Anthropogenic Global Warming), is based on thousands of climate simulations that indicate that human activity is virtually solely responsible for the recent global warming. The climate models used are derived from the meteorological models used for short-term predictions. They are based on the fundamental and empirical physical laws that govern the myriad of atmospheric and oceanic cells integrated by the finite element technique. Numerical approximations, empiricism and the inherent chaos of fluid circulations make these models questionable for validating the anthropogenic principle, given the accuracy required (better than one per thousand) in determining the Earth energy balance.Aims.The objective is to quantify and simulate behavioral models of weak complexity, without explicitly referring to the parameters of underlying physical laws, but relying exclusively on generally accepted historical and paleoclimate series.Results. These models perform global temperature simulations that are consistent with those from the more complex physical models. However, the repartition of contributions in the current warming depends strongly on the retained temperature reconstructions, in particular the magnitudes of the Medieval Climate Anomaly and the Little Ice Age. It also depends on the level of solar activity series. It follows from these observations and climate reconstructions that the anthropogenic principle holds only for climate profiles assuming the absence of any significantPreindustrial Climate Oscillation(PCO) and variations in solar activity. Otherwise, it reduces to a weak principle where global warming is not only the result of human activity, but is largely due to solar activity.
Semantic-aware Retrieval and Recommendation based on the Dirichlet Compound Language Model
Authors: Bahrani Mohammad , Roelleke Thomas 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Traditional bag-of-word Information Retrieval (IR) has led to quasi-standard models (e.g. TF-IDF, BM25) that are applied in the context of recommendation. While the benefits of semantic-aware models are clear, there is no standard semantic IR model, and this prevents the usage of semantic retrieval for tasks such as recommendation. We propose a ranking framework by quantifying parameters of the Dirichlet Compound Model (DCM) and using query performance prediction to aggregate scores of semantic extensions of DCM. Instead of employing heuristics, we introduce reasonable aggregation standards which are expandable to the recommendation task by considering user interaction (e.g. rating) as a semantic event. This approach helps to bridge the gap between advanced IR and recommendation. One of the main findings of this paper is that the concept-based extension of DCM consistently outweighed both terms-only and concept-only baselines concerning biomedical data. The DCM-based recommender system is also shown to be effective when applied on MovieLens, Book Crossing and LastFM. By bringing together recommendation (prediction) and retrieval, we lay the grounds for generalizable and hybrid algorithms. This paper shows how advanced but well-established probability distributions can be transparently leveraged in the standardization of semantic ranking methods, especially for applications in which recommendation (notification) is critical.
A HRFDC strategy based on dynamic classification of failed cloud tasks
Authors: Liang Bin , Bai Junqing 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
With the continuous development and improvement of cloud computing technology, the major computer giants have deployed their own cloud data center (CDC). At the same time, as user demands continue to expand, competition among cloud service providers is also intensifying. In order to continuously improve its own service quality and user satisfaction, cloud service providers adopting efficient and low-cost fault-tolerant strategy will improve the performance and profit of CDCs. However, the existing rescheduling strategy are mostly at the expense of the completion time of cloud task (CT) or increasing the compensation of cloud service providers, which ultimately leads to a decline in the profit of cloud service providers. More serious will affect the reputation and user experience of the enterprise. This paper systematically analyzes the performance loss caused by virtual machine (VM) failure and the rescheduling process of CDCs fault-tolerant strategy. At the same time, we established a dynamic classification rule of failed cloud task (FCT) according to the deadline for CTs. After that, a high-profit rescheduling fault-tolerant strategy for CDCs based on dynamic classification of FCTs (HRFDC) was proposed. This scheduling strategy maximizes the profitability of cloud service providers by increasing the failure repair rate of CDCs and reducing the compensation of cloud service providers. Finally, this strategy has been tested and verified, and its effect is due to the comparison algorithm.
Apoptotic gene loss in Cnidaria is associated with transition to parasitism
Authors: Neverov Alexander M. , Panchin Alexander Y. , Mikhailov Kirill V , Batueva Marina D. , Aleoshin Vladimir V. , Panchin Yuri V. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

BackgroundThe phylum Cnidaria consists of several morphologically diverse classes including Anthozoa, Cubozoa, Hydrozoa, Polypodiozoa, Scyphozoa, Staurozoa, and Myxozoa. Myxozoa comprises two subclasses of obligate parasites – Myxosporea and Malacosporea, which demonstrate various degrees of simplification. The subclass Myxosporea is especially simplified, lacking any normal multicellular body plan and embryonic development. Myxosporea lack the majority of core protein domains of apoptotic proteins including caspases, Bcl-2 and APAF-1 homologs. Other sequenced Cnidaria, including the parasitePolypodium hydriformefrom Polypodiozoa do not share this genetic feature. Whether this loss of core apoptotic proteins is unique to Myxosporea or also present in its sister subclass Malacosporea was not previously investigated. It is also unclear whether Myxosporea lost their apoptotic proteins abruptly or gradually (starting with their common ancestors with Malacosporea) during their evolutionary history.ResultsUsing comparative genomics and transcriptomics approaches we describe a detailed picture of apoptotic protein gene loss in parasitic cnidaria in relation to each other and free-living members of the phylum. We show thatPolypodium hydriformelost the main components of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway such as death receptor and adaptor proteins. For the intrinsic pathway it has one predicted initiator and one effector caspase, compared to 2 and 11 inHydrarespectively. Malacosporea retain one predicted effector caspase while Myxosporea universally lack all main actors of apoptosis including caspases, Bcl-2 family proteins, calpains, inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs), APAF-1 and p53 homologs. As an exception some Myxosporea species retained potentially functional cytochrome C, whose gene is however absent inMyxobolus squamalis,Henneguya salminicolaand is a pseudogene with multiple inner stop-codons inKudoa iwatai,Sphaeromyxa zaharoni, andEnteromyxum leei.ConclusionsWe show that the presence of core apoptotic proteins (such as the number of different caspases) gradually diminishes from free-living Cnidaria toPolypodiumto Malacosporea to Myxosporea. This observation does not favor the hypothesis of catastrophic simplification of Myxosporea at the genetic level, but rather supports a stepwise adaptation to parasitism that likely started from early parasitic ancestors that gave rise to Myxozoa.
A Multi-stage Decision Framework for Optimal Energy Efficiency Measures of Educational Buildings: A case study of Chongqing
Authors: Cui Wenjing , Hong Jingke , Liu Guiwen , Zhang Lin , Wei Lizhen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Buildings consume large amounts of energy resources and emit considerable amounts of greenhouse gas: especially existing buildings which do not meet energy standards. Building retrofitting is considered one of the most promising and significant solutions to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. However, finding suitable energy efficiency measures for existing buildings is extremely difficult due to the existence of thousands of retrofit measures and the need to meet various objectives. In this paper, a multi-stage decision framework including a multi-objective optimization model and a ranking method is proposed to help decision-makers select optimal energy efficiency measures. The multi-objective optimization model takes into account the economic objectives and the environmental objectives, expressed as retrofit cost and energy consumption, respectively. The entropy weight ideal point ranking method is adopted to sort the Pareto front and make a final decision. Then, the proposed decision framework is implemented for the retrofit planning of an educational building in Chongqing, China. The results show that decision-makers can identify near-optimal energy efficiency measures quickly through multi-objective optimization and can select suitable energy efficiency measures by the ranking method. Moreover, energy consumption can be reduced by building retrofitting. The energy consumption of the case building is 64.20 kWh/m2 before retrofitting, and the value can be reduced by 6.79% through retrofitting. Furthermore, the reduction of building energy consumption was significantly improved by applying the decision framework. The highest value of energy consumption is 59.84 kWh/m2, while the lowest value is 27.11 kWh/m2 when implementing the multi-stage decision framework. Thus, this paper provides a useful decision framework for decision-makers to formulate suitable energy efficiency measures.
Production of low-calorie cake by partial replacement of flaxseed mucilage and flaxseed flour and investigation of its physicochemical, textural and sensory characteristics
Authors: Ahmadinia Fariba , Mohtarami Forogh , Esmaili Mohsen , Pirsa Sajad 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Cake is one of the most important baking products, which is widely produced due to its ease of storage and consumption. However, considering the high calorific value of grain products, the aim of this research was to produce low-calorie cake, so the mixture design, in D-optimal format was used to investigate the effect of replacing flaxseed mucilage with animal butter and flaxseed flour with cake flour on the physicochemical, textural and sensory properties of the cake were evaluated. The results of the rheological properties of two types of flax mucilage prepared from 1 to 15 and 1 to 20 ratios of flax seeds to water and butter showed Newtonian behavior in flax mucilage and pseudoplastic behavior in butter. According to the results of the frequency scanning test, with an increase in frequency at constant strain of 1%, the loss modulus (Gʹ) of all samples increased. Storage modulus (G) increased in the flax mucilage sample (1:15) and was almost constant in flax mucilage (1:20) and butter. The results showed that the moisture content and water activity of the samples increased with the increase in the substitution of mucilage and flax seed flour. Also, with the increase of flax mucilage replacement, the antioxidant capacity, tissue cohesion and resilience increased and the specific volume, elasticity and hardness of the shell decreased (P < 0.05). Flax seed mucilage had a significant effect on reducing the height and increasing the stiffness of the samples. The overall acceptance score decreased with the replacement of mucilage and flaxseed flour, but all samples had an acceptable overall acceptance score (p < 0.05). According to the numerical optimization results, the cake formulation with 60% flaxseed mucilage + 28% flaxseed flour was identified as the optimal sample with textural, sensory and high nutritional value.
Diabetes mellitus induces a novel inflammatory network involving cancer progression: Insights from bioinformatic analysis and in vitro validation
Authors: Tan Yejun , Kang Jin , Li Hongli , Zhong Aifang , Liu Yaqiong , Zhang Zheyu , Huang Roujie , Cheng Xin , Peng Weijun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The diabetes patients have a higher incidence of malignant tumors than people without diabetes. However, the molecular mechanisms of the relationship between diabetes and malignant tumors remain largely unknown.
Methods
By exploiting available public databases, diabetes and cancer-related genes (DCRGs) were screened, and a diabetes-based cancer-associated inflammation network (DCIN) was constructed. Then, the role of DCRGs in different tumors were analyzed from various perspectives. Additionally, drug sensitivity and single-cell sequencing data were analyzed using colon cancer (COAD) as an example. Finally, the expression of DCRGs and arachidonic acid metabolism pathway was verified in vitro.
Results
Seven identified DCRGs, including PPARG, MMP9, CTNNB1, TNF, TGFB1, PTGS2, and HIF1A, were integrated to construct a DCIN. The bioinformatics analysis showed that the expression of the seven DCRGs in different tumors was significantly different, which had varied effects on diverse perspectives. Single-cell sequencing analyzed in COAD showed that the activity of the DCRGs was highest in M1 macrophage and the lowest in Plasma B. In vitro experiments showed that the DCRGs verified by western bolt and PEG2 verified by ELISA were all highly expressed in COAD epithelial cells stimulated by high glucose.
Conclusion
This study, for the first time, constructed a DCIN, which provides novel insights into the underlying mechanism of how diabetes increases the occurrence and development of tumors. Although further research is required, our results offer clues for new potential therapeutic strategies to prevent and treat malignant tumors.
Experimental Investigation on the Durability of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer Concrete in Aggressive Environments
Authors: Jounaghani Miad Forouzandeh , Jahangiri Alireza , Jamekhorshid Ahmad 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The properties and performance of geopolymer concrete have been evaluated in numerous studies in recent decades. One of the fields of study is the evaluation of the durability of geopolymer concrete in aggressive environments. In this study, the influence of four experimental factors, including curing temperature (T), the weight ratio of sand to metakaolin (S/M), aggressive environment type (AE), and aggressive environment exposure time (Et) were investigated on the durability and mechanical properties of metakaolin-based geopolymer concrete (MGPC). Moreover, 5% sulfuric acid solution, 5% sodium chloride solution, and Persian Gulf seawater were used as aggressive environments. Response surface methodology (RSM) was implemented to statistically design and analyze the experiments. Mathematical models were derived for the prediction of residual compressive strength (RFc), weight changes (∆W), and compressive strength changes (∆Fc) of MGPC. The analysis of variance showed that all four factors had a significant effect on the responses, while only AE-S/M and AE-ET factors had an interaction. Design-Expert software (DX7) was employed for the optimization of design factors. Results revealed that the use of the optimum weight ratios of S/M (2.52, 2.07, and 1.29) at a curing temperature of 46 °C and an exposure time of 56 days led to RFc values of 34.12, 43.60, and 44.15 for sulfuric acid, sodium chloride, and Persian Gulf seawater aggressive environments, respectively. These results, which are higher than the minimum required compressive strength of concrete, along with the ∆Fc and ∆W values, confirm the acceptable durability of MGPC.
Treatment of Granulomatous Mastitis with steroids: Should the decision to end the treatment be made radiologically?
Authors: Çetin Kenan , Sıkar Hasan Ediz , Feratoğlu Fatih , Taşdoğan Bağış , Rona Günay , Güllüoğlu M. Bahadır 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a benign inflammatory breast disease of unknown etiology that affects women in their reproductive ages. The most preferred option as first-line treatment is steroids, but the lack of standard treatment protocol and high recurrence rate after treatment constitutes a recurring challenge during its management. This study aimed to find an answer to the question of whether the decision to end the treatment should be made radiologically or clinically.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study included IGM patients who had complete clinical recovery with steroids and were followed for a minimum of 30 months. Patients’ demographics, disease severity and findings, treatment regimens and duration, and MRI findings at clinical recovery were assessed for their relation to recurrence.
Results: Eighty-nine patients who were clinically completely healed after steroids were included in the study. At the time of clinical healing, 51(57.3%) patients had a complete radiological response and 38(42.7%) had a partial radiological response (PRR) on MRI. Overall, recurrence developed in 22(27.4%) patients after a median 38.6-month follow-up. Patients who experienced recurrence were significantly older and had PRR when their treatment was stopped upon clinical healing.
Conclusions: During the process of clinical healing, the imaging findings revealed that the remained disease seems to be a significant predictor for recurrence in IGM patients. In patients with partial radiological response, extending the treatment with either prolonged steroid therapy or by surgical excision of the occult residual disease may prevent recurrences in IGM patients.
Prognostic Significance of Preoperative Perihematomal Edema in Spontaneous Cerebellar Hemorrhage After Minimally Invasive Surgery
Authors: Liu Haixiao , Li Dongbo , Cai Yaning , Zheng Longlong , Tan Zhijun , Liu Feng , Gao Fei , Zhang Hui , Du Yong , Zhou Gaoyang , Sun Feifei , Fan Ruixi , Wang Ping , Wang Lei , Ge Shunnan , Zhao Tianzhi , Zhang Tao , Zhang Rongjun , Xie Guoqiang , Qu Yan , Guo Wei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background Minimally invasive surgery (MIS), including endoscopic evacuation and minimally invasive catheter (MIC) evacuation, has been widely used in spontaneous cerebellar hemorrhage (SCH) patients. However, the long-term prognosis varies widely. Herein, we aimed to explore the prognostic risk factors of neurological outcome, including peri-operative hematoma and perihematomal edema (PHE), in SCH patients after MIS.
Methods
Eighty consecutive SCH patients, who underwent MIS between July 2019 and Nov. 2021 from 4 neurosurgical centers were enrolled prospectively. Patients were dichotomized into good (modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score ≤ 3) and poor neurological outcome (mRS score ≥ 4) groups. Peri-operative CT scans were assessed by two independent raters. Hematoma and PHE volume were calculated using 3D Slicer software. Predictors of poor neurological outcome were assessed in logistic regression models.
Results Among the enrolled patients, 44 underwent endoscopic evacuation and 36 underwent MIC evacuation. The overall poor neurological outcome rate was 23.8%. Older patients, underwent MIC evacuation, large postoperative PHE, and large preoperative PHE (OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.20–1.90) were independently associated with poor neurological outcome. According to the restricted cubic splines analysis, patients were divided into large preoperative PHE subgroup (PHE ≥ 10 ml) and small preoperative PHE subgroup (PHE < 10 ml). In small preoperative PHE subgroup, 1 patient (2.4%) had poor neurological outcome. However, in large preoperative PHE subgroup, 18 patients (47.4%) had poor neurological outcome.
Conclusion Large preoperative PHE is an independent risk factor for poor neurological outcome among SCH patients after MIS, especially when the preoperative PHE ≥ 10 ml.