bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efektifitas Kombinasi Ekstrak Buah Pare Dan Sawo Manila Sebagai Antimikroba Bakteri Salmonella Typhi Isolasi Pada Carrier Tifoid
Authors: Susanto Awaluddin , Farhan Antofani , Khanifah Farach 
Published: February 2022

Latar belakang: Bakteri Salmonella typhi adalah penyebab penyakit demam tifoid. Kasus carrier demam tifoid merupakan faktor resiko terjadinya outbreak demam tifoid. Belum adanya penatalaksanaan pengobatan terhadap carrier inilah yang sekarang masih menjadi permasalahan. Buah pare dan sawo manila terkandung banyak sekali senyawa aktif dan berpotensi sebagai antimikroba alami, salah satunya bakteri Salmonella typhi penyebab demam tifoid. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kombinasi ekstrak buah sawo manila dan pare yang efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Salmonella typhi. Metode: Penelitian ini true eksperimental dengan pre-post test group desain control dengan populasi bakteri Salmonella typhi hasil isolasi dari mahasiswa Program Studi Analis Kesehatan STIKes ICMe Jombang yang terdiagnosa carrier demam tifoid. Teknik sampling menggunakan incidental sampling. Pengujian penghambatan pertumbuhan bakteri Salmonella typhi dari carier demam tifoid diberikan ekstrak buah pare dan sawo manila dengan konsentrasi 25%, 50%, 75% dan 100%. Pengukuran jumlah bakteri berasal dari sampel feces carier kemudian ditanam pada media SSA dan dilakukan uji antimikroba metode dilusi padat menggunakan media MHA. Analisa data dengan uji statistik ANOVA menggunakan program SPSS for tingkat kepercayaan p=0,05. Hasil: Hasil penelitian berdasarkan uji Kruskal Wallis menunjukkan perbedaan antar perlakuan secara signifikan (p= 0.018). Kemudian dilakukan uji Mann Withney dengan hasil kelompok perlakuan kontrol berbeda nyata dengan semua kelompok ekstrak, begitu juga antar kelompok perlakuan masing-masing berbeda nyata. Kesimpulan: Berbagai kombinasi konsentrasi ekstrak buah pare dan sawo manila efektif menghambat bakteri Salmonella typhi.Kata kunci : Buah pare , Carrier Tifoid , Ekstrak , Salmonella typhi, Sawo manila,
Dilema Penggunaan Aspirin dan Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) Pada Pasien Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Dengan Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
Authors: Prahastutik Rizkia Hani , Airlangga Muhammad Perdana , Ayu Rezkitha Yudith Annisa , Irawati Detti Nur 
Published: February 2022

Latar belakang: Gastroesofageal Reflux Disease (GERD) ini sering terjadi pada penderita Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) dengan keluhan nyeri dada. Oleh karena itu obat antiplatelet digabungkan dengan Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) untuk pencegahan dari efek samping aspirin dan pengobatan GERD itu sendiri. Karena efek samping pendarahan gastrointestinal yang disebabkan oleh aspirin, Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI) juga bisa berpengaruh mengurangi ketersediaan hayati aspirin, sehingga mengurangi kerja aspirin. Tujuan : untuk menganalisis munculnya dilema pengobatan pada pasien Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) dengan Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). Metode: Artikel-artikel ilmiah terpublikasi tentang Gastroesophageal Refluks Disease (GERD) dengan Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) dicari menggunakan kata kunci Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Coronary Artery Disease, Antiplatelet, Proton Pump Inhibitors. dengan mendapatkan jumlah artikel sebanyak 1144877 dan telah melalui skrining sesuai dengan kriteria inlusi menjadi 7 jurnal Hasil : Pada pasien kunci Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) dengan Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) sering dikombinasikan dengan antiplatelet yang telah terbukti secara efektif mengurangi resiko komplikasi pada gastrointestinal pada pasien. Namun, pada beberapa penelitian pemberian PPI akan mengurangi efek kemanjuran dari antiplatelet aspirin Kesimpulan: Penggunaan PPI pada GERD dianjurkan untuk digunakan dalam jangka pendek,karena penggunaan jangka panjang pada PPI meningkatkan resiko infark miokard, gagal ginjal, dan demensia. Pertimbangan pada resiko dan manfaat dengan mengkaji faktor resiko dari ganstrointestinal perlu diperhatikanKata kunci : Antiplatelet, Coronary Artery Disease, Gastroesophageal Proton Pump Inhibitors Reflux Disease,
CODE-SWITCHING AS MEDIA SPEECH: AN EVIDENCE IN INDONESIAN PODCAST
Authors: Pradina Fathia Anggriani 
Published: February 2022

<p class="Keywords">A communicative code plays a main role in every conversation. The aim is to make a communicative goal in every situation. In this digital era, people tend to make something interesting to attract people’s attention. Namely Podcast, is one of the programs in digital platform that been used as the media to share everything in audio output. In Podcast, the host uses code-switching to make the communication livelier and sometimes to emphasize the statements or questions. Therefore, the host and the guest will have a very communicative interaction along the interview. This study aims to analysed the situational goal in a Podcast which host uses English as his switching code. The situational goal can be seen from the type of code-switching that the host used connected to the type of illocutionary forces at the speech act level. The data are recorded and transcribed from several episodes of the Podcast. The result shows that code-switching as the media speech is deliberately use as a very functional code to reach the situational goal.</p>
Predictive Algorithms in the Diagnosis and Management of Pediatric Hip and Periarticular Infection
Authors: Hunter Sarah , Kioa Georgina , Baker Joseph F. 
Published: February 2022

➤ Although the criteria of Kocher et al. were an important advancement in our ability to diagnose septic arthritis of the hip early, the changing microbial landscape and availability of advanced imaging have rendered it insufficient for contemporary clinical use.➤ Routine use of magnetic resonance imaging and recognition of disseminated disease have prompted the development of algorithms to predict concurrent osteoarticular infection in cases of septic arthritis and osteomyelitis that were previously assumed to be “isolated.”➤ Recent research has attempted to stratify childhood bone and joint infection (BJI) by severity to guide treatment planning. This is valuable, as patients with multifocal disease, more virulent pathogens, and immunocompromise can have longer hospital stays and require multiple surgeries.➤ The increasing prevalence of clinical prediction algorithms in childhood BJI is not completely matched by quality in methodology. Clinicians need to be wary of adopting predictive algorithms prior to robust external validation.
Yeast-based Directed-evolution for High-throughput Structural Stabilization of G Protein-coupled Receptors (GPCRs)
Authors: Meltzer M. , Zvagelsky T. , Papo Niv , Engel Stanislav 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The immense potential of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) as targets for drug discovery is not fully realized due to the enormous difficulties associated with structure elucidation of these profoundly unstable membrane proteins. The existing methods of GPCR stability-engineering are cumbersome and low-throughput; in addition, the scope of GPCRs that could benefit from these techniques is limited. Here, we present a yeast-based screening platform for a single-step isolation of GRCR variants stable in the presence of short-chain detergents, a feature essential for their successful crystallization using vapor diffusion method. The yeast detergent-resistant cell wall presents a unique opportunity for compartmentalization, to physically link the receptor's phenotype to its encoding DNA, and thus enable discovery of stable GPCR variants with unprecedent efficiency. The scope of mutations identified by the method reveals a surprising amenability of the GPCR scaffold to stabilization, and suggests an intriguing possibility of amending the stability properties of GPCR by varying the structural status of the C-terminus.
Improvement of Bovine Pestiviral diagnosis by the development of a cost-effective method for detecting viral RNA in fresh specimens and samples spotted in filter papers.
Authors: Favaro Paula Melisa , Molineri Ana , Santos Maria J. Dus , Calvinho Luis F. , Pecora Andrea 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Bovine pestiviruses are the causative agents of Bovine viral diarrhea, a disease that generates severe economic losses in cattle. The aim of this study was to improve its diagnosis by means of developing a RT-qPCR to detect bovine pestiviruses A, B and H; and to set a protocol for collecting, shipping and conserving bovine pestiviral RNA in filter papers. The developed RT-qPCR showed high sensitivity in detecting these viruses in different matrixes: viral stocks, semen and serum samples. Regarding the possibility of using the technique to test serum pools, it was possible to identify a positive serum sample within a pool containing 30 sera. In addition to evaluating the qPCR from fresh samples, the use of filter papers to sow bovine samples was analyzed. The sampling method in two different filter papers using bovine blood drops was a useful alternative for diagnosis purposes and allowed the preservation of pestiviral RNA up to 12 months under refrigeration.
Spinal Immobilisation Vs No-immobilisation in Trauma Patients: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Saloum Salma , Mulhem Ali 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Despite the common application of pre-clinical immobilisation in trauma patients for many years, the existing evidence for this intervention is still weak. The need for pre-clinical immobilisation and applying the right immobilisation procedures on the right trauma patients is still controversial in the scientific literature. Objectives: This systematic review aims to compare different outcomes to answer whether the pre-clinical immobilisation of trauma patients is more effective than no pre-clinical Immobilisation and analyse it critically. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted according to the PRISMA criteria in the Pubmed and EMBASE databases with meta-analyses. We searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and no randomised studies of intervention (NRSIs, both prospective and retrospective studies) comparing two different groups of trauma patients (pre-clinical immobilisation vs no pre-clinical immobilisation). We set no time or language limitations. Two reviewers screened the title/abstracts and the full-texts independently. We resolved any conflicts with discussion. Results: We identified 2,726 studies from Pubmed and EMBASE. After double stage screening, a total of 13 studies were included in the systematic review. Both spinal injuries (OR= 3.69, 95% CI from 1.82 to 7.49) and neurological deficits (OR= 2.67, 95% CI from 1.15 to 6.18) occurred in the pre-clinical immobilised patients significantly more often than non immobilised. We found higher mortality (OR= 1.97, 95% CI from 1.12 to 3.46) and six times higher side effects (OR= 6.01, 95% CI from 2.880 to 12.91) in the group of pre-clinical immobilisation compared to the control. Conclusions: Pre-clinical immobilisation seems unable to reduce the neurological deficits, mortality, or spine injuries in trauma patients than no-immobilisation. The side-effects of the intervention are higher than the control. The quality of evidence is low. Regarding this topic, there is a critical need for primary studies in general and randomised controlled trials in specific.
Association of Diabetes Complications With Depression and Suicidality in Hospitalized Patients: a Multicenter Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Pakdin Majid , Ebrahimi Alireza , Jahromi Mohammadsaeed Gharaati , Firoozabadi Ali 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective: The present study aimed to compare the prevalence of depression symptoms and suicidal ideation between diabetic patients admitted at hospital and healthy individuals. It also aimed to determine the relationship between types of diabetes complications and severity of symptoms.Method: A total of 89 patients, who were admitted to the hospital because of the complications of the disease, were voluntarily and conveniently participated in the study. The participants were given the questionnaires of Beck Depression Inventory-2nd-edition and Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation. They were divided into two age groups: 18-50 years old and 50-75 years old. Control group, consisting of 89 individuals without any underlying disease, were randomly selected from the patients’ visitors, matched with the participants according to the age group and gender. Statistical analysis was performed between the two groups based on scores obtained. Results: Beck Depression Inventory Scale score was significantly higher, regardless of age, in the patient group compared to the control group. However, there was no significant difference between the scores of Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation between the patient group and the control group. In the patient group, it was found that among the variables, female gender, and diabetic foot were associated with higher severity of depression symptoms.Conclusion: It is vitally essential for diabetic patients to undergo periodic psychiatric evaluation. Early diagnosis of depression could help them to better cope with their mental health issue, and as a result, it will decrease risk of suicidal ideation and other consequences.
A qualitative study of the implementation of a pilot school-based, toothbrushing programme
Authors: Wang Min-Ching , Marshman Zoe , Chen Wei-Han , Shih Wen-Yu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThe aim of the study was to explore stakeholders’ barriers and facilitators to implement a school-based toothbrushing programme.MethodsFocus groups and interviews were used to explore the views of elementary school students, teachers, staff, and nurses in a piloted school-based toothbrushing programme. The topic guides were developed according to the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) to cover the behavioural factors systematically and comprehensively. Data were analysed with content analysis.ResultsOverall, 36 students, 29 teachers/staff, and five school nurses (N=65) were included. The main theme was the importance of ‘habit’. The routine and schedule in school helped children establish the toothbrushing habit. However, children did not appear to retain the dental knowledge which was taught in the programme. Instead the key factors in the implementation of the programme were providing fluoride toothpaste and toothbrush for use in schools, allowing teachers and staff to choose the timing of the brushing and engaging classmate to supervise each other is essential.ConclusionsImplementing a school-based toothbrushing programme with the support of staff and engagement of children can h elp children to develop a toothbrushing habit. Further research is needed to explore ways to motivate teachers and staff to fully embrace such a programme. Classmate-supervised toothbrushing may reduce the burden of teachers and staff to implement a school-based toothbrushing programme. This paper also shows that providing suitable fluoride toothpaste rather than dental knowledge may better form children’s brushing habits.
DEHypGpOls: A Genetic Programming with Evolutionary Hyper-Parameter Optimization and its Application for Stock Market Trend Prediction
Authors: ARI DAVUT , ALAGOZ Baris Baykant 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Stock markets are one of the most popular financial markets since they can bring high revenues to their investors. In order to reduce the risk factor for investors, intelligent and automated stock market trend prediction tools are developed by using computational intelligence methods. This study presents a hyper-parameter optimal Genetic Programming (GP) model generation framework for a day-ahead prediction of stock market index trends. In order to obtain the best trend prediction model from the stock market data, a Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm is implemented to optimize hyper-parameters of a GP algorithm with Orthogonal Least Square (GpOls). Evolutions of GpOls agents within the hyper-parameter search space allow adaptation of GpOls algorithm for a given training dataset by enabling optimal autotuning of user-defined parameters. Authors demonstrated that this structure can significantly improve modeling performances of GpOls algorithms for data-driven modeling applications. In the study, the proposed DE based hyper GpOls (DEHypGpOls) algorithm is implemented for a day-ahead forecast problem of the Istanbul Stock Exchange 100 Index (ISE100) trends. In the experimental study, real trend data from ISE100 and seven other international stock markets are used to extract a day-ahead forecast model of daily ISE100 trends. The forecast model of the DEHypGpOls algorithm can provide 68% prediction accuracy for the test dataset. In ISE100 index market simulations, daily exchanges of ISE100 index according to buy or sell signal of the forecast model of DEHypGpOls provided about 273% more income compared to the income of a long-term investment strategy.
A Novel Structure of All-optical Optimised NAND, NOR and XNOR Logic Gates Employing a Y-shaped Plasmonic Waveguide for Better Performance and High-Speed Computations
Authors: Swarnakar Sandip , Anguluri Surya Pavan Kumar , Sreev Alluru , Kumar Santosh 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
All-optical devices are proven to have broad range of applications in the areas of communication. These devices form the basic building blocks of complex integrated circuits. By integrating these devices in the fields like signal processing, chip designing and network computations, a much more efficient device can be achieved. The design of all-optical logic gates like NAND, NOR and XNOR using plasmonic based Y-shaped power combiner is implemented in this paper work. The concept of linear interference is applied in the combiner to achieve the desired logic gates. The work is simulated and analysed using Finite-Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method, which is valuated using MATLAB. The present work fits under the area of 60 µm2 which is smaller than the existing structures. The insertion loss, transmission efficiency and extinction ratio parameters are calculated and compared to variety of other designs.
Mode-locked fiber laser operating in the C and L bands with immobilized molybdenum disulfide saturable absorber over etched SMF
Authors: Wang Zhihao , Liu Chao , Li Guoru , Su Xiancui , Wang Yiran , Xie Yiyan , Gao Feilong , Kumar Santosh , Zhang Bingyuan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this work, a passively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser with layers of molybdenum disulfide saturable absorber (MoS2 -SA) immobilized etched single mode fiber (SMF) is developed. MoS2-SA are synthesized via liquid phase exfoliation then transferred to etched fiber (EF). SA is used to achieve mode-locked operation in an erbium-doped fiber laser. With a pump power of 250 mW, a repetition rate of 11.07 MHz produces a pulse width of 388 fs and a maximum average output power of 16.9 mW. This work demonstrates the potential of SA based on EF in C and L band mode-locked fiber lasers.
The Clinical Frailty Scale as Predictor of Overall Survival After Resection of High-grade Glioma
Authors: Klingenschmid Julia , Krigers Aleksandrs , Pinggera Daniel , Kerschbaumer Johannes , Thomé Claudius , Freyschlag Christian F. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
The Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) describes the general level of fitness or frailty and is widely used in geriatric medicine, intensive care and orthopaedic surgery. This study was conducted to analyze, whether CFS could be used for patients with high-grade glioma.
Methods
Patients harboring high-grade gliomas, undergoing first resection at our center between 2015 and 2020 were retrospectively evaluated. Patients’ performance was assessed using the Rockwood Clinical Frailty Scale and the Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) preoperatively and 3–6 months postoperatively.
Results
289 patients were included. Pre- as well as postoperative median frailty was 3 CFS points (IqR 2–4) corresponding to “managing well”. CFS strongly correlated with KPS preoperatively (r = -0.85; p < 0.001) and at the 3–6 months follow-up (r = -0.90; p < 0.001). The reduction of overall survival (OS) was 54% per point of CFS preoperatively (HR 1.54, CI95% 1.38–1.70; p < 0.001) and 58% at the follow-up (HR 1.58, CI95% 1.41–1.78; p < 0.001), comparable to KPS. Patients with IDH mutation showed significantly better preoperative and follow-up CFS and KPS (p < 0.05). Age and performance scores correlated only mildly with each other (r = 0.21…0.35; p < 0.01), but independently predicted OS (p < 0.001 each).
Conclusion
CFS seems to be a reliable tool for functional assessment of patients suffering from high-grade glioma. CFS includes non-cancer related aspects and therefore is a contemporary approach for patient evaluation. Its projection of survival can be equally estimated before and after surgery. IDH-mutation caused longer survival and higher functionality.
Incidence of Nephrotoxicity Associated with Intravenous Colistimethate Sodium Administration for the Treatment of Multidrug-resistant Gram-negative Bacterial Infections
Authors: Sadyrbaeva-Dolgova Svetlana , García-Fumero Ricardo , Jimenez-Morales Alberto , Pasquau Juan , Hidalgo-Tenorio Carmen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Colistimethate sodium (CMS) is the inactive prodrug of colistin, CMS has a narrow antibacterial spectrum with concentration-dependent bactericidal activity against multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria, including P. aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. This study aimed to analyze potential correlations between clinical features and the development of CMS-induced nephrotoxicity. This retrospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary-care university hospital between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2019. A total of 163 patients received CMS therapy. 75 patients (46%) developed nephrotoxicity attributable to colistin treatment, although only 14 patients (8.6%) discontinued treatment for this reason. 95.7% of CMS were prescribed as target therapy. Acinetobacter baumanii spp. was the most commonly identified pathogen (72.4%) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19.6%). Several risk factors associated with nephrotoxicity were identified, among these were Charlson Index (OR 1.29, 95%CI 1.02–1.62; p = 0.032); admission to the ICU (OR 4.25, 95%CI 1.63–11.07, p = 0.003) and cumulative dose per patient (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01–1.05, p = 0.003). In terms of in-hospital mortality, risk factors were male sex (OR 2.43, 95%CI 1.06–5.56, p = 0.035); age (OR 1.03, 95%CI 1.01–1.05, p = 0.043) and higher maintenance doses (OR 1.21, 95%CI 1.03–1.43, p = 0.023). Nephrotoxicity due to CMS treatment was not related to mortality (OR 1.42, 95%CI 0.68–2.99, p = 0.351). In conclusion, it was shown once again that CMS is a drug with a high incidence of nephrotoxicity. Its complex management, administering the loading dose and monitoring creatinine at least every 48 hours, with consequent adjustment of the maintenance dosage, leads to a high percentage of inappropriate use.