bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combinatorial search for Ti–Ni–Hf high formable shape memory alloys
Authors: Inoue Shin , Yamazaki Takahiro , Oka Chiemi , Hata Seiichi , Sakurai Junpei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this study, we searched for Ti–Ni–Hf high formable shape memory alloys (HFSMAs) using combinatorial methods. By adding Hf to Ti–Ni SMAs, the potential is that Ti–Ni SMAs become metallic glasses. For efficient material search, the glass transition temperature was evaluated through combinatorial measurement of electrical resistance during crystallization. From the results, we searched for Ti–Ni–Hf HFSMAs, which undergo glass transition in the amorphous state. Ni-rich Ti–Ni–Hf thin-film amorphous alloys with more than 10 at% Hf content became thin film metallic glasses, whereas Ni-poor samples did not. Further, we evaluated the effect of annealing temperature on the martensitic transformation temperature of Ti–Ni–Hf SMAs using combinatorial methods. From the results, we measured the reverse transformation start temperature A
s at 368–404 K, and it varied with the annealing temperature and Hf composition.
PENGARUH MENONTON KARTUN ANIMASI TERHADAP NYERI SAAT IMUNISASI CAMPAK PADA BAYI USIA 9-12 BULAN
Authors: Sari Vitria Komala , Wahyuni Wahyuni , Nelliana Nelliana 
Published: April 2022

Salah satu faktor dari ketidaklengkapan imunisasi adalah ketakutan rasa cemas akibat imunisasi yang terkait dengan injeksi. Untuk mengurangi rasa nyeri tersebut salah satu metode yang dapat dilakukan dengan metode Non-farmakologis melalui menonton kartun animasi. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh menonton kartun animasi terhadap nyeri pada anak saat imunisasi Campak.
Penelitian ini adalah Quasyexperiment design,dengan pendekatan posttest only nonequivalent. Populasi adalah bayi yang berumur 9-12 bulan sebanyak 64 orang dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 18 responden pada kelompok perlakuan dan 18 responden pada kelompok tanpa perlakuan. Penelitian ini telah dilakukan pada bulan Februari 2021. Pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner yang diisi oleh peneliti dengan menilai skala nyeri bayi. Jenis data yaitu data sekunder. Data diolah dengan menggunakan uji T Independent.
Rata-rata skala nyeri pada anak yang diberikan menonton kartun animasi saat imunisasi campak adalah 3,27 ± 1,22 dan kelompok tanpa perlakuan 5,88 ±1,13. Hasil uji statistic terdaapat pengaruh menonton kartun animasi terhadap nyeri pada anak saat imunisasi Campak dengan nilai P Value = 0,000.
Simpulan : ada pengaruh nonton kartun animasi terhadap neri pada anak saat imunisasi Campak, sehingga disarankan pada pihak Puskesmas untuk melakukanupaaya tersebut yaitu menonton kartun untuk mengurangi nyeri pada saat imunisasi.
Kata Kunci : Menonton, Kartun Animasi, Nyeri
HUBUNGAN RIWAYAT BBLR TERHADAP KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA BAYI DAN BALITA
Authors: Syamsuddin SRI DEVI 
Published: April 2022

Stunting adalah keadaan gizi buruk yang berdasarkan fisik terlihat pendek dari seusianya. Hal tersebut dapat memengaruhi perkembangan dan pertumbuhan bayi dan balita. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan riwayat BBLR terhadap kejadian stunting pada bayi dan balita di Puskesmas Kabupaten Luwu.
Desain dan jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional dan observasional analitik dengan jenis data kuantitatif serta dari data sekunder. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 97 dengan teknik sampling sistematis dengan data yang dikumpulkan berupa data sekunder dari Puskesmas Lamasi dan Puskesmas Lamasi Timur.
Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data menggunakan SPSS 20 didapatkan hasil bahwa riwayat BBLR memiliki hubungan terhadap kejadian stunting dengan diperoleh hasil uji Chi Square yaitu p-value 0,001 lebih kecil dari 0,05 sehingga H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima.
Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah ada hubungan riwayat BBLR terhadap kejadian stunting pada bayi dan balita. Saran dari peneliti adalah masyarakat seyogyanya memperhatikan keadaan tumbuh kembang bayi atau balitanya dengan menjaga asupan gizi, kebersihan lingkungan, dan menambah wawasan.

Keywords : BBLR, Stunting, Bayi dan Balita
Meningkatkan Kompetensi Pedagogik Guru Non Akademik dalam Penyusunan Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Melalui Supervisi Akademik Kepala Madrasah di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri (MIN) 3 Pesisir Selatan
Authors: Murni Resna 
Published: April 2022

Upaya perwujudan pengembangan silabus menjadi perencanaan pembelajaran yang implementatif memerlukan kemampuan yang komprehensif. Kemampuan itulah yang dapat mengantarkan guru menjadi tenaga yang professional. Guru yang professional harus memiliki 5 (lima) kompetensi yang salah satunya adalah kompetensi penyusunan rencana pembelajaran. Namun dalam kenyataannya masih banyak guru yang belum mampu menyusun rencana pembelajaran sehingga hal ini secara otomatis berimbas pada kualitas out put yang berjudul Meningkatkan Kompetensi Pedagogik Guru non Akademik Dalam Penyusunan Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran melalui Supervisi Akademik Kepala Madrasah dapat disimpulkan bahwa : Pada komponen Perumusan indikator tujuan pembelajaran, terlihat peningkatan dari 40 % pada kemampuan awal, menjadi 60% pada siklus 1 dan meningkat menjadi 70% pada akhir kegiatan. Pada Komponen Penentuan bahan dan materi pembelajaran, terdapat peningkatan kemampuan dari 65% menjadi 70% setelah siklus 1 dan lebih menguat menjadi 80%.
Dalam Komponen Pemilihan Strategi dan metoda pembelajaran, yang didalamnya memuat langkah-langkah pembelajaran dan penentuan alokasi waktu yang digunakan,terlihat adanya peningkatan yang signifikan dari yang semula hanya 40% menjadi 60% pada siklus 1 dan meningkat lagi menjadi 75% setelah siklus 2.Meskipun tidak terlihat adanya peningkatan yang cukup tajam, dalam komponen pemilihan Media dan alat pembelajaran juga terdapat adanya peningkatan dari 60% pada awal kegiatan dan setelah siklus 1, menjadi 80% setelah siklus 2.Peningkatan yang cukup signifikan juga dapat kita lihat pada komponen perencanaan evaluasi pembelajaran. Dari yang semula hanya 40% pada awal kegiatan, menjadi 60% pada akhir siklus 1 dan berhasil mencapai 70% pada akhir siklus 2.Melihat data perolehan hasil penelitian dalam kegiatan penelitian tindakan sekolah ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa supervisi akademik yang dilakukan oleh Kepala Madrasah terhadap 5 orang guru DI MIN 3 Pesisir Selatan yang tidak memiliki latar belakang pendidikan keguruan tersebut, berhasil meningkatkan kompetensi pedagogik mereka dalam menyusun Perencanaan Pembelajaran.
USING SCRAMBLE LETTER GAME IN TEACHING ENGLISH AT FIFTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SDN TELUK DALAM 3 BANJARMASIN
Authors: Saniti Rusmi 
Published: April 2022

In teaching a language, a teacher should apply some strategies to all level. A good teaching strategy would automatically facilitate to get students interest in learning process and also it can improve students to motivate and achieve to learn English. It is scramble letter game, which is the technique to build words by work cooperative and competitive. Therefore, the researcher would like to find out whether the scramble letter game improves the student achievement in English subject. The research result shows that the effectiveness of using scramble letter game while teaching English has increased in experiment class with average score 60-70 however in the control class doesn’t achieve like the experimental class with average score 60. The use of scramble letter game is effective as technique while teaching English in SDN Teluk Dalam 3 Banjarmasin in Academic Year 2012/2013. Based on the the result, it is suggested that the scramble letter game can be used as one of the alternative and variation of their techniques in teaching and learning process.
WRITING THESIS IN THE FIELD OF ENGLISH EDUCATION: HOW DIFFICULT IS IT FOR INDONESIAN EFL STUDENTS?
Authors: Sukandi Syayid Sandi 
Published: April 2022

This research highlights Indonesian EFL students’ problems in writing thesis in the field of English Education at a private college in Indonesia. Respondents in this research were divided into two groups: Quantitative Research Group (QRG – 1) and Qualitative Research Group (QRG – 2). In terms of references section of the thesis, ‘writing references for different sources’ was the most difficult aspect for QRG – 1 and QRG – 2 indicated that the respondents shown ‘confusion with references format’. Findings of this research emphasize that research design influenced to which degree an individual Indonesian EFL student encountered problems in the process of writing a thesis for a bachelor’s degree in English Education.
Estrategia pedagógica de resolución de conflictos internos aplicada a los estudiantes de la ECSAN
Authors: Durán Ordoñez Daniel Fernando , López Cárdenas Carlos Andrés , Martínez Patiño Kehilor Estic 
Published: April 2022

En el cumplimiento de derechos y deberes para el mejoramiento continuo de la calidad de vida, la Policía Nacional ha tenido cambios transicionales enfatizados en el cumplimiento del servicio, logrando así ser reconocida como una de las mejores fuerzas policiales del continente. Uno de los pilares fundamentales de la institución es su talento humano, ya que por medio de este se logra planear, organizar y desplegar diferentes servicios en marco de una sana convivencia, es por lo cual que su bienestar tanto físico como emocional debe estar alineado y en óptimas condiciones para afrontar las diversas variables que afrontan en la prestación del mismo. De la misma forma es importante que la Policía Nacional, con sus comandantes trabajen en una resolución de conflictos con sus subalternos mediante unas estrategias pedagógicas, para esto en importante trabajarlo desde los estudiantes, de la Escuela de Cadetes de Policía Francisco de Paula Santander, quienes se forman como futuros líderes de la institución.
How can epidural anestesia affect the delivery stages and a newborn infant ? The prospective analysis of 90 cases
Authors: ÇAVUŞ Yunus , DEĞER Uğur , TOPRAK Veysel , ÇAKIR NEMLİ Meryem Özge 
Published: April 2022

Objective: Epidural anaesthesia (EA) is the most efficient method of pain reduction and its total elimination during delivery. The aim of this study was to establish an influence of EA on the first and the second part of delivery process and the effect of EA on the newborn and mother.
Method : A total of 153 primiparas in our hospital were selected and divided into two groups according to whether they accepted epidural labor analgesia, including 90 cases in the study group and 63 cases in the control group. Both groups had vaginal delivery. As anaesthetic, Bupivacain (0,25% or 0, 125%) +2µg/ml fentanyl was used by the 18 G catheters. Level of application was L2-L3 part of spine. Dilatation and efesman level, duration of the first, second and third stages of labor, the abnormal situation and complications of primiparas were evaluated.
Result: As a result of the analysis the birth weight of the babies of the pregnant women in the the study group was significantly higher than the control group (p
ICSI sonrası erken dönem ß-hCG artış oranın 35 yaş altı ve üzeri kadınlarda gebelik prognozunu öngörmedeki rolü
Authors: UZUNHASANOĞLU Özge , DÖNMEZ ÇAKIL Yaprak , SELAM Belgin , CINCIK Mehmet 
Published: April 2022

Amaç: Gebeliği doğrulama ve sonucunu daha erken aşamada tahmin edebilmeye yönelik maternal serum belirteçleri arasında β-human koryonik gonadotropin (β-hCG) yüksek duyarlılık ve güvenirlilik sağlayan bir biyobelirteçtir. Yapılan çalışmalar, tek gündeki β-hCG ölçümüne ek olarak β-hCG değerinin artma seyrinin de gebelik sonucunu öngörmede yararlı olduğunu bildirmiştir. Çalışmamızda ICSI işlemlerini takiben erken dönem β-hCG artış oranının maternal yaşa bağlı olarak gebelik prognozunu öngörmedeki yerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereçler ve Yöntem: ICSI tedavisi sonrası gebelik oluşan ve ß-hCG değerleri embriyo transferinden 10 ve 12 gün sonra ölçülmüş 1977 hastanın verileri retrospektif olarak incelenmiştir. Hastalar 35 yaş altı ve üzeri olarak iki gruba ayrılmışlardır.
Bulgular: Her iki gün elde edilen ölçümler ve ß-hCG artış oranı 35 yaş altı hastalarda daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Her iki yaş grubunda da kimyasal gebelik olgularında ß-hCG artış oranı daha düşük bulunmuştur. Gebelik kesesi görülmeyen vakalar haricinde klinik gebelik, abortus, ektopik gebelik, devam eden gebelik ve canlı doğum olgularının dahil olduğu diğer gebelik grupları arasındaki karşılaştırmalarda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık saptanmamıştır.
Sonuç: Artan maternal yaş ile birlikte β-hCG artış oranı azalmıştır. Hem 35 yaş altı hem de üzerindeki hastalarda bu artış oranı kimyasal gebelik olgularında diğer gebelik gruplarına göre daha düşükken, diğer gruplarda bir fark olmadığı gösterilmiştir. Mevcut çalışmaların çoğu örneklem büyüklüğü ile sınırlıdır. Erken dönem β-hCG artış oranı belirlenmesinin özellikle kimyasal gebelik olgularının daha erken yönetimi ve hassas takibi için faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
The Rise of Buoyant Magnetic Structures through Convection with a Background Magnetic Field
Authors: Manek Bhishek , Pontin Christina , Brummell Nicholas 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Inspired by observations of sunspots embedded in active regions, it is often assumed that large-scale, strong magnetic flux emerges from the Sun’s deep interior in the form of arched, cylindrical structures, colloquially known as flux tubes. Here, we continue to examine the different dynamics encountered when these structures are considered as concentrations in a volume-filling magnetic field rather than as isolated entities in a field-free background. Via 2.5D numerical simulations, we consider the buoyant rise of magnetic flux concentrations from a radiative zone through an overshooting convection zone that self-consistently (via magnetic pumping) arranges a volume-filling large-scale background field. This work extends earlier papers that considered the evolution of such structures in a purely adiabatic stratification with an assumed form of the background field. This earlier work established the existence of a bias that created an increased likelihood of the successful rise for magnetic structures with one (relative) orientation of twist and a decreased likelihood for the other. When applied to the solar context, this bias is commensurate with the solar hemispherical helicity rules (SHHRs). This paper establishes the robustness of this selection mechanism in a model incorporating a more realistic background state, consisting of overshooting convection and a turbulently pumped mean magnetic field. Ultimately, convection only weakly influences the selection mechanism, since it is enacted at the initiation of the rise, at the edge of the overshoot zone. Convection does however add another layer of statistical fluctuations to the bias, which we investigate in order to explain variations in the SHHRs.
Parameter-estimation Biases for Eccentric Supermassive Binary Black Holes in Pulsar Timing Arrays: Biases Caused by Ignored Pulsar Terms
Authors: Chen Jie-Wen , Wang Yan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The continuous nanohertz gravitational waves (GWs) from individual supermassive binary black holes (SMBBHs) can be encoded in the timing residuals of pulsar timing arrays (PTAs). For each pulsar, the residuals actually contain an Earth term and a pulsar term, but usually only the Earth term is considered as a signal and the pulsar term is dropped. This leads to parameter-estimation biases (PEBs) for the SMBBHs, and currently there are no convenient evaluations of the PEBs. In this article, we formulate the PEBs for a SMBBH with an eccentric orbit. In our analyses, the unknown phases of pulsar terms are treated as random variables obeying the uniform distribution U[0, 2π), due to the fact that pulsar distances are generally poorly measured. Our analytical results are in accordance with the numerical work by Zhu et al. at 1.5σ level, which implies that our formulae are effective in estimating magnitudes of the PEBs. Additionally, we find that the biases Δφ

E
and Δe/e for two parameters—that is, Earth-term phase φ

E
and orbital eccentricity e—monotonically decrease as e increases, which partly confirms a hypothesis in our previous work. Furthermore, we also calculate the PEBs caused by the recently observed common-spectrum process (CSP). We find that if the strain amplitude of the continuous GW is significantly stronger (three times larger, in our cases) than the stochastic GW background, then the PEBs from pulsar terms are larger than those from the CSP. Our formulae of the PEBs can be conveniently applied in the future PTA data analyses.
Upper Field-strength Limit of Fast Radio Bursts
Authors: Zhang Yu , Wu Hui-Chun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are cosmological radio transients with an unclear generation mechanism. Known characteristics such as their luminosity, duration, spectrum, and repetition rate, etc., suggest that FRBs are powerful coherent radio signals at GHz frequencies, but the status of FRBs near the source remains unknown. As an extreme astronomical event, FRBs should be accompanied by energy-comparable or even more powerful X/γ-ray counterparts. Here, particle-in-cell simulations of ultrastrong GHz radio pulse interaction with GeV photons show that at ≳3 × 1012 V cm−1 field strengths, quantum cascade can generate dense pair plasmas, which greatly dampen the radio pulse. Thus, in the presence of GeV photons in the source region, GHz radio pulses stronger than 3 × 1012 V cm−1 cannot escape. This result indicates an upper field-strength limit of FRBs at the source.
The Simons Observatory: Galactic Science Goals and Forecasts
Authors: Hensley Brandon S. , Clark Susan E. , Fanfani Valentina , Krachmalnicoff Nicoletta , Fabbian Giulio , Poletti Davide , Puglisi Giuseppe , Coppi Gabriele , Nibauer Jacob , Gerasimov Roman , Galitzki Nicholas , Choi Steve K. , Ashton Peter C. , Baccigalupi Carlo , Baxter Eric , Burkhart Blakesley , Calabrese Erminia , Chluba Jens , Errard Josquin , Frolov Andrei V. , Hervías-Caimapo Carlos , Huffenberger Kevin M. , Johnson Bradley R. , Jost Baptiste , Keating Brian , McCarrick Heather , Nati Federico , Sathyanarayana Rao Mayuri , van Engelen Alexander , Walker Samantha , Wolz Kevin , Xu Zhilei , Zhu Ningfeng , Zonca Andrea 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Observing in six frequency bands from 27 to 280 GHz over a large sky area, the Simons Observatory (SO) is poised to address many questions in Galactic astrophysics in addition to its principal cosmological goals. In this work, we provide quantitative forecasts on astrophysical parameters of interest for a range of Galactic science cases. We find that SO can: constrain the frequency spectrum of polarized dust emission at a level of Δβ

d
≲ 0.01 and thus test models of dust composition that predict that β

d
in polarization differs from that measured in total intensity; measure the correlation coefficient between polarized dust and synchrotron emission with a factor of two greater precision than current constraints; exclude the nonexistence of exo-Oort clouds at roughly 2.9σ if the true fraction is similar to the detection rate of giant planets; map more than 850 molecular clouds with at least 50 independent polarization measurements at 1 pc resolution; detect or place upper limits on the polarization fractions of CO(2–1) emission and anomalous microwave emission at the 0.1% level in select regions; and measure the correlation coefficient between optical starlight polarization and microwave polarized dust emission in 1° patches for all lines of sight with N
H ≳ 2 × 1020 cm−2. The goals and forecasts outlined here provide a roadmap for other microwave polarization experiments to expand their scientific scope via Milky Way astrophysics.
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A supplement describing author contributions to this paper can be found at https://simonsobservatory.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/SO_GS_Contributions.pdf.
Signatures of the Many Supermassive Black Hole Mergers in a Cosmologically Forming Massive Early-type Galaxy
Authors: Mannerkoski Matias , Johansson Peter H. , Rantala Antti , Naab Thorsten , Liao Shihong , Rawlings Alexander 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We model here the merger histories of the supermassive black hole (SMBH) population in the late stages of a cosmological simulation of a ∼ 2 × 1013
M
⊙ galaxy group. The gravitational dynamics around the several tens of SMBHs (M
• > 7.5 × 107
M
⊙) hosted by the galaxies in the group is computed at high accuracy using regularized integration with the KETJU code. The 11 SMBHs that form binaries and a hierarchical triplet eventually merge after hardening through dynamical friction, stellar scattering, and gravitational wave (GW) emission. The binaries form at eccentricities of e ∼ 0.3–0.9, with one system evolving to a very high eccentricity of e = 0.998, and merge on timescales of a few tens to several hundred megayears. During the simulation, the merger-induced GW recoil kicks eject one SMBH remnant from the central host galaxy. This temporarily drives the galaxy off the M
•–σ
⋆ relation; however, the galaxy returns to the relation due to subsequent galaxy mergers, which bring in new SMBHs. This showcases a possible mechanism contributing to the observed scatter of the M
•–σ
⋆ relation. Finally, we show that pulsar timing arrays and LISA would be able to detect parts of the GW signals from the SMBH mergers that occur during the ∼4 Gyr time span simulated with KETJU.
Cosmic-Ray Transport in Varying Galactic Environments
Authors: Armillotta Lucia , Ostriker Eve C. , Jiang 姜 Yan-Fei 燕飞 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We study the propagation of mildly relativistic cosmic rays (CRs) in multiphase interstellar medium environments with conditions typical of nearby disk galaxies. We employ the techniques developed in Armillotta et al. to postprocess three high-resolution TIGRESS magnetohydrodynamic simulations modeling local patches of star-forming galactic disks. Together, the three simulations cover a wide range of gas surface density, gravitational potential, and star formation rate (SFR). Our prescription for CR propagation includes the effects of advection by the background gas, streaming along the magnetic field at the local ion Alfvén speed, and diffusion relative to the Alfvén waves, with the diffusion coefficient set by the balance between streaming-driven Alfvén wave excitation and damping mediated by local gas properties. We find that the combined transport processes are more effective in environments with higher SFR. These environments are characterized by higher-velocity hot outflows (created by clustered supernovae) that rapidly advect CRs away from the galactic plane. As a consequence, the ratio of midplane CR pressure to midplane gas pressures decreases with increasing SFR. We also use the postprocessed simulations to make predictions regarding the potential dynamical impacts of CRs. The relatively flat CR pressure profiles near the midplane argue that they would not provide significant support against gravity for most of the ISM mass. However, the CR pressure gradients are larger than the other pressure gradients in the extraplanar region (∣z∣ > 0.5 kpc), suggesting that CRs may affect the dynamics of galactic fountains and/or winds. The degree of this impact is expected to increase in environments with lower SFR.
La Mavi Vatan jusqu’où ? Le grand dessein de la Turquie en Méditerranée
Authors: Josseran Tancrède 
Published: April 2022

La débâcle du néo-ottomanisme a amorcé un virage géopolitique à Ankara. Alors que la Turquie tourne traditionnellement le dos à l’océan, elle regarde désormais vers le grand large. Un groupe d’amiraux est à l’origine de la première doctrine navale turque : la Mavi Vatan (la patrie bleue). Kémalistes assumés, ils n’en n’ont pas moins fait alliance avec les islamo-conservateurs. Quelles que soient leurs divergences, laïcs et conservateurs partagent la conviction que la planète s’achemine vers un ordre post-occidental. À la croisée de l’Asie, de l’Afrique et de l’Europe, la Méditerranée orientale commande l’accès à l’espace indopacifique. Son contrôle, une fois l’obstacle hellénique rompu, ferait d’Ankara une puissance globale.