bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular characterizations of Giardia duodenalis based on multilocus genotyping in sheep, goats, and beef cattle in Southwest Inner Mongolia, China
Authors: Fu Yin , Dong Heping , Bian Xiaokun , Qin Ziyang , Han Han , Lang Jiashu , Zhang Junchen , Zhao Guanghui , Li Junqiang , Zhang Longxian 
Published: July 2022

Giardia duodenalis is an important zoonotic parasite that causes economic losses to animal husbandry and threatens public health. In the present study, a total of 1466 fresh fecal samples were collected from sheep (n = 797), goats (n = 561) and beef cattle (n = 108) in Southwest Inner Mongolia, China. Giardia duodenalis was initially screened via nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the β-giardin (bg) gene, and bg-positive samples were subjected to PCR amplification targeting the glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) and triose phosphate isomerase (tpi) genes. A total of 4.0% of samples (58/1466) were positive for G. duodenalis, with a prevalence of 3.4% in sheep, 3.7% in goats and 5.2% in beef cattle. Three G. duodenalis assemblages (A, B, and E) were identified, with E as the prevalent assemblage. Four and one novel assemblage E sequences were obtained for the gdh and tpi loci, respectively and four assemblage E multilocus genotypes (MLG) were obtained. This study demonstrates high genetic variations in G. duodenalis assemblage E, and provides baseline data for preventing and controlling G. duodenalis infection in livestock in Inner Mongolia.
A Chiral N-Tetrafluoroiodobenzyl-N-sulfonyl Aminomethylpyrrolidine Catalyst for the Enantioselective Michael/Hemiaminal Formation Cascade Reaction of α,β-Unsaturated Iminoindoles with ­Aldehydes
Authors: Moriyama Katsuhiko , Oka Yukari , Kaiho Tatsuo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA chiral N-2,3,4,5-tetrafluoro-6-iodobenzyl-N-sulfonyl ­aminomethylpyrrolidine tetrafluoroacetic acid salt was designed as an ­iodinated enamine organocatalyst for the enantioselective ­Michael/hemiaminal formation cascade reaction of α,β-unsaturated ­iminoindoles with aldehydes. The use of this iodinated enamine ­catalyst furnished anti-α-carbolinol derivatives in high yields and high stereoselectivities.
Anti-reflux versus conventional self-expanding metal stents in the palliation of esophageal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sasso João Guilherme Ribeiro Jordão , de Moura Diogo Turiani Hourneaux , Proença Igor Mendonça , Junior Epifânio Silvino do Monte , Ribeiro Igor Braga , Sánchez-Luna Sergio A. , Cheng Spencer , Bestetti Alexandre Moraes , Kum Angelo So Taa , Bernardo Wanderley Marques , de Moura Eduardo Guimarães Hourneaux 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims Self-expanding metal stents (SEMS) are an effective palliative endoscopic therapy to reduce dysphagia in esophageal cancer. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a relatively common complaint after non-valved conventional SEMS placement. Therefore, valved self-expanding metal stents (SEMS-V) were designed to reduce the rate of GERD symptoms. We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the two stents.
Material and methods This was a systematic review and meta-analysis including only randomized clinical trials (RCT) comparing the outcomes between SEMS-V and non-valved self-expanding metal stents (SEMS-NV) following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool. Data were analyzed with Review Manager Software. Quality of evidence was evaluated using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation guidelines.
Results Ten randomized clinical trials including a total of 467 patients, 234 in the SEMS-V group and 233 in the SEMS-NV group, were included. There were no statistically significant differences regarding GERD qualitative analysis (RD –0.17; 95 % CI –0.67, 0.33; P = 0.5) and quantitative analysis (SMD –0.22; 95 % CI –0.53, 0.08; P = 0.15) technical success (RD –0.03; 95 % CI –0.07, 0.01; P = 0.16), dysphagia improvement (RD –0.07; 95 % CI –0.19, 0.06; P = 0.30), and adverse events (RD 0.07; 95 % CI –0.07, 0.20; P = 0.32).
Conclusions Both SEMS-V and SEMS-NV are safe and effective in the palliation of esophageal cancer with similar rates of GERD, dysphagia relief, technical success, adverse events, stent migration, stent obstruction, bleeding, and improvement of the quality of life.
Ghrelin-Reactive Autoantibodies as Potential Modulators of
Dysfunctional Eating Patterns in Women: An Exploratory Study
Authors: García Astrid Selene Espinoza , Martínez-Rodríguez Tania Yadira , Parra-Rojas Isela , Valdés-Miramontes Elia H. , García-Ortíz Lidia , Reyes-Castillo Zyanya 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDysfunctional eating patterns include alterations in experiencing and expressing
hunger, appetite, and satiety, which may lead to eating disorders or obesity in
the long term. Alterations in hormones such as ghrelin have been suggested to
influence emotional eating in women with obesity. Ghrelin-reactive
autoantibodies (autoAbs) are present both in healthy individuals and those with
eating disorders and have been suggested to protect the hormone from degradation
and preserve its functional activity. This study aimed to evaluate the
relationship between IgG ghrelin-reactive autoAbs with dysfunctional eating
patterns, subjective perception of stress, and body composition parameters in
young women. This cross-sectional study included 82 women (age 21±2
years) classified according to body fat percentage. Dysfunctional eating
patterns were measured with the Spanish version of the Three-factor Eating
Questionnaire-R18, and perceived stress was measured with the Spanish version of
the Perceived Stress Scale – 10. A validated in-house enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay was performed to measure IgG ghrelin-reactive autoAbs in its
free, total, and immune complex fractions. Free IgG ghrelin-reactive autoAbs
were positively correlated with weight, BMI, body fat percentage, waist, and hip
circumference in women with very high body fat percentage. In this group, a
negative correlation was observed between ghrelin immune complexes and
uncontrolled eating. This exploratory research shows that IgG ghrelin-reactive
autoAbs have a potential role in altered body composition parameters and
appetite expression, such as uncontrolled eating in women with very high body
fat. Further studies are required to clarify the role of IgG autoAbs in eating
behavior.
Does Native Script Exposure Influence Second Language Early Literacy Skills?: A Preliminary Study in South Indian Preschoolers
Authors: Mohan Megha , Francis Tinu R. , Bhat Jayashree S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe preschool period is marked by the development of several domains such as communication, cognition, social skills, and literacy skills. As language and literacy skills overlap during the preschool period, it is important to understand the dynamics of language and literacy in early school years. Due to language diversity, India does not bear a single-language system, and often the language spoken at home may not be the same at school for curricular instructions. Therefore, the present study focuses on the influence of script in bi- or multilingual scenarios in India. More importantly, the home language may or may not have its specific script; thus, facilitating early literacy skills at home can be questionable. The study followed a cross-sectional study design. One hundred and forty participants were divided into two groups based on their native language (Malayalam and Tulu groups). Each group was further divided based on their age, younger and older groups. An early literacy checklist and a parent perception questionnaire were developed to assess the early literacy skills in second language (L2). The findings revealed a developmental trend in early literacy skills in children with the older group performing better than the younger group. The study results also shed light on this less researched domain of influence of native script on L2 learning in a linguistically diverse country like India. The study's findings emphasize the parental understanding of the importance of home literacy–based activities for children and evaluation of early literacy skills which will help in early identification and treatment.
D-dimers—“Normal” Levels versus Elevated Levels Due to a Range of Conditions, Including “D-dimeritis,” Inflammation, Thromboembolism, Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, and COVID-19
Authors: Thachil Jecko , Favaloro Emmanuel J. , Lippi Giuseppe 
Published: July 2022

AbstractD-dimers reflect a breakdown product of fibrin. The current narrative review outlines how D-dimers can arise in normal individuals, as well as in patients suffering from a wide range of disease states. D-dimers in normal individuals without evident thrombosis can arise from background fibrinolytic activity in various tissues, including kidney, mammary and salivary glands, which ensures smooth flow of arising fluids where any blood contamination could be immediately lysed. In addition, healthy individuals can also regularly sustain minor injuries, often unbeknown to them, and wound healing follows clot formation in these situations. D-dimers can also arise in anxiety and following exercise, and are also markers of inflammation. Lung inflammation (triggered by microbes or foreign particles) is perhaps also particularly relevant, since the hemostasis system and fibrinolysis help to trap and remove such debris. Lung inflammation in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may contribute to D-dimer levels additive to thrombosis in patients with COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019). Indeed, severe COVID-19 can lead to multiple activation events, including inflammation, primary and secondary hemostasis, and fibrinolysis, all of which may contribute to cumulative D-dimer development. Finally, D-dimer testing has also found a role in the diagnosis and triaging of the so-called (COVID-19) vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia.
Environmental Interventions for Asthma
Authors: Banzon Tina M. , Phipatanakul Wanda 
Published: July 2022

AbstractExposure and sensitization to environmental factors play a fundamental role in asthma development and is strongly associated with asthma morbidity. While hereditary factors are critical determinants of asthma, exposures to environmental factors are implicated in the phenotypic expression of asthma and have been strongly associated in the risk of its development. Significant interest has thus been geared toward potentially modifiable environmental exposures which may lead to the development of asthma. Allergen exposure, in particular indoor allergens, plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of asthma, and remediation is a primary component of asthma management. In the home, multifaceted and multitargeted environmental control strategies have been shown to reduce home exposures and improve asthma outcomes. In addition to the home environment, assessment of the school, daycare, and workplace environments of patients with asthma is necessary to ensure appropriate environmental control measures in conjunction with medical care. This article will discuss the role of the environment on asthma, review targeted environmental therapy, and examine environmental control measures to suppress environmental exposures in the home and school setting.
Curculigo orchioides Gaertn.: An Overview of Its Effects on Human Health
Authors: Kushalan Sharanya , Khyahrii Aloysius S. , Kini Sudarshan , Hegde Smitha 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Curculigo orchioides, commonly called “Kali Musli,” is an endangered medicinal plant commonly found in Asian countries such as India, Japan, China, and Nepal. The plant holds a significant position in Ayurvedic and the Chinese traditional medicine system; it is documented as an aphrodisiac herb. The plant is also reported to be used in the treatment for asthma and jaundice. The botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities to evaluate the plant's importance and relevant information are reviewed and summarized. We discern that a total of 61 phytochemicals are identified and reported in C. orchioides. These belong to the various phytochemical group of glycosides, lignans, polysaccharides, alkaloids, saponins, triterpenes, and aliphatic compounds. The most explored bioactive compound is a phenolic glycoside, curculigoside, isolated from the plant's rhizome. In vitro and in vivo research is conducted globally to provide primary and robust evidence to support this herbal medicine's traditional uses. A large lacuna regarding the mechanisms involved in the biological activity of the plant is evident. There is a need to conduct in-depth studies to understand the relationship between traditional and modern pharmacological uses of C. orchioides.
Guest-responsive thermal expansion in the Zr–porphyrin metal–organic framework PCN-222
Authors: Boström H. L. B. , Bette S. , Emmerling S. T. , Terban M. W. , Lotsch B. V. 
Published: July 2022

We use powder x-ray diffraction under variable temperature to study the thermal expansion of the metal–organic framework (MOF) PCN-222. The thermal expansion increases drastically in magnitude following more aggressive heating, which is rationalized by enhanced flexibility upon guest removal. Moreover, the thermal response strongly depends on the temperature: the volumetric expansivity nearly quadruples and the expansion along c changes sign upon cooling. Our results highlight the large flexibility of MOFs and the role of guest species.
The ultrafast pixel array camera system and its applications in high energy density physics
Authors: Looker Quinn , Oberla Eric J. , Stahoviak John W. , Mostafanezhad Isar , Pang Ryan , Luck Marcus , Galloway Benjamin R. , Rambo Patrick K. , Porter John L. 
Published: July 2022

Diagnostics in high energy density physics, shock physics, and related fields are primarily driven by a need to record rapidly time-evolving signals in single-shot events. These measurements are often limited by channel count and signal degradation issues on cable links between the detector and digitizer. We present the Ultrafast Pixel Array Camera (UPAC), a compact and flexible detector readout system with 32 waveform-recording channels at up to 10 Gsample/s and 1.8 GHz analog bandwidth. The compact footprint allows the UPAC to be directly embedded in the detector environment. A key enabling technology is the PSEC4A chip, an eight-channel switch-capacitor array sampling device with up to 1056 samples/channel. The UPAC system includes a high-density input connector that can plug directly into an application-specific detector board, programmable control, and serial readout, with less than 5 W of power consumption in full operation. We present the UPAC design and characterization, including a measured timing resolution of ∼20 ps or better on acquisitions of sub-nanosecond pulses with minimal system calibrations. Example applications of the UPAC are also shown to demonstrate operation of a solid-state streak camera, an ultrafast imaging array, and a neutron time-of-flight spectrometer.
Potassium accumulation characteristics and expression of related genes involved in potassium metabolism in a high-potassium variety: tobacco (
Authors: Yang Zhi-Xiao , Lin Ying-Chao , Cao Yi , Wang Ren-Gang , Kong De-Jun , Hou Qian , Gou Jian-Yu , Kakar Kaleem U. , Zhang Ji-Shun , Wang Zhi-Hong , Yu Shi-Zhou 
Published: July 2022

We investigated potassium (K) accumulation characteristics and expression of K metabolism related genes in one high-K variety (ND202) and a common variety (NC89) of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). Results showed that K accumulation and leaf K content in ND202 were higher than those in NC89. The distribution rate and K accumulation in the leaves of ND202 increased significantly, while the distribution rate in the roots and stems had lower values. In addition, the maximum K accumulation rate and high-speed K accumulation duration in ND202 were found to be better than those in NC89. The expression of NKT1 in the upper and middle leaves of ND202 had an advantage, and the relative expression of NtKC1 and NtTPK1 in both the upper and middle leaves, as well as the roots, was also significantly upregulated. Conversely, the expression of NTRK1 in the lower leaves and roots of ND202 was weaker. ND202 had significantly greater expression levels of NtHAK1 than NC89 in the upper and middle leaves and roots; moreover, the expression of NtKT12 in the upper leaves and roots of ND202 was also higher. In comparison with common varieties, high-K varieties had a stronger ability to absorb and accumulate K. They also possessed higher expression of K+ channel- and transporter-related genes and showed a superior K accumulation rate and longer duration of high-speed K accumulation. Furthermore, K accumulation rate at 40–60 days can be suggested as an important reference for the selection of high-K tobacco varieties.
Phase tuning of multiple Andreev reflections of Dirac fermions and the Josephson supercurrent in Al–MoTe
2
–Al junctions
Authors: Zhu Zheyi , Kim Stephan , Lei Shiming , Schoop Leslie M. , Cava R. J. , Ong N. P. 
Published: July 2022

When an electron is incident on a superconductor from a metal, it is reflected as a hole in a process called Andreev reflection. If the metal
N
is sandwiched between two superconductors
S
in an
SNS
junction, multiple Andreev reflections (MARs) occur. We have found that, in
SNS
junctions with high transparency (

τ

→

1

) based on the Dirac semimetal MoTe
2
, the MAR features are observed with exceptional resolution. By tuning the phase difference

φ

between the bracketing Al superconductors, we establish that the MARs coexist with a Josephson supercurrent

I

s

=

I

A

sin
φ

. As we vary the junction voltage
V
, the supercurrent amplitude

I

A

varies in step with the MAR order
n
, revealing a direct relation between them. Two successive Andreev reflections serve to shuttle a Cooper pair across the junction. If the pair is shuttled coherently, it contributes to

I

s

. The experiment measures the fraction of pairs shuttled coherently vs.
V
. Surprisingly, superconductivity in MoTe
2
does not affect the MAR features.
Considerations of ecological validity in cognitive translation and interpreting studies
Authors: Mellinger Christopher D. , Hanson Thomas A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Renewed interest in research methods used in cognitive translation and interpreting studies (CTIS) has led to
increased reflection on the nature of research and experimental design, internal and external validity, and the type and nature of
experimental tasks. Of particular concern is the extent to which valid generalization can be made from empirical studies of
translation, interpreting, and their associated cognitive behaviors as objects of study. This article traces the definition and
history of ecological validity in the extant literature on research methods and philosophy of science, emphasizing three
considerations: the experimental setting, the stimuli under investigation, and the behavioral response of participants.
Subsequently, we discuss potential misunderstandings or misapplications of appeals to ecological validity, including mundane
realism, naturalistic tasks, and various data collection methods. A final section describes key points to consider for research in
CTIS. Throughout, the argument considers tradeoffs among various categories of validity as well as the importance of aligning
experimental design with research goals. This extensive engagement with a singular aspect of validity is provided to encourage
deeper reflection and better communication around the topic of ecological validity.
Small angles vector magnetometer based on anisotropic ferromagnetic nanofluid functionalized fiber interferometer
Authors: Kumar Ashish , Sahu Subrat , Jha Rajan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
As factories and vehicles become more automated, accurate and low-latency sensing of motor shaft speed and position is critical for process control, system reliability, and safety. To address these needs, a highly precise and fast vector magnetometer is required that has the capability to detect magnetic field variations also at tiny angles. We present the development of an ultrathin tapered fiber interferometer-based highly accurate sensor suspended in a magnetorheological fluid film, which holds the capability of simultaneously detecting magnetic field intensity and its direction in three-dimensional space. The sensing mechanism counts on the magnetism-regulatable effective index amendment of exciting asymmetric cladding modes in a nonadiabatic biconical tapered fiber interferometer. Based on the azimuth-dependent anisotropic distribution of nanoparticles surrounding the fiber, such a magnetometer has achieved the maximum magnetic field sensitivity of ∼16.4 pm mT−1 at 0° whereas at small angles of ±1° and ±2° the sensitivities are observed of ∼ ±14.6 pm mT−1 and ∼ ±11.7 pm mT−1, respectively over a larger span of 0–567 mT.
A facility for the characterisation of planar multilayer structures with preliminary niobium results
Authors: Turner Daniel A , Malyshev Oleg B , Burt Graeme , Junginger Tobias , Valizadeh Reza , Gurran Lewis 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The maximum accelerating gradient of superconducting radio frequency cavities are currently reaching their theoretical limits, due to the magnetic field entering the superconductor in the form of vortices. To overcome these limits, thin film coated superconducting materials are required, however these need to be tested to optimise their properties. A system has been designed, built, and commissioned at Daresbury Laboratory that applies a local DC magnetic field parallel to the surface, from one side of a sample, similar to that in cavity operation. A magnetic flux density (up to 600 mT) is generated parallel to the sample surface in the 2 mm gap of a C-shaped ferrite yoke. Two Hall probe sensors are used to measure both the applied and penetrated magnetic field. The system operates in a cryogen free environment, with a minimum temperature of approximately 2.6 K. A Pb foil has been used to characterise the system, and determine how the sample size affects the results. Nb thin film samples have been tested for varying thickness to determine how the depth effects the field of full flux penetration,

B

f
p

. The design, operation, methods of analysis and first results of this facility will be reported in this paper.
Novel bursting oscillations in a nonlinear gyroscope oscillator
Authors: Oyeleke K S , Olusola O I , Kolebaje O T , Vincent U E , Adeloye A B , McClintock P V E 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We report the occurrence of bursting oscillations in a gyroscope oscillator driven by low-frequency external period forcing. The bursting patterns arise when either the frequency or amplitude of the excitation force is varied. They take the form of pulse-shaped explosions (PSEs) wherein periodic attractors of lower periodicity disappear due to the loss of asymptotic stability of the equilibrium point between resting and active states. The process involves the appearance of zero eigenvalues and the creation of new attractors of higher periodicity. Both point-cycle and cycle-cycle bursting is seen. It is accompanied by the birth of periodic attractors, ranging from period one to period four, depending on an integer n in the frequency of the parametric driving force. The dynamics of the oscillator is shown to exhibit a fold bifurcation related to critical escape transitions.