bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Land use land cover Dynamics using CA-Markov Chain A case of Belete Gera Forest Priority Area South Western Ethiopia
Authors: Gemmechis Wendafiraw Abdisa 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Arrogant practices of land use including expansion of agricultural land and infrastructural development are resulting in deforestation that goes to climate change. Cellular Automata (CA)-Markov chain combines the advantages of cellular and Markov chain analysis to simulate and predict future land use/cover trends depending on the Land Use Land Cover (LULC) changes in the past. First, spatial distribution of LULC and area changed were calculated using IDRISI software and GIS technology, and then the forest land cover conversion to other LULC was evaluated to obtain rate of deforestation during a period of 1980–2018. Second, using transition potential matrices of 1999–2018, CA-Markov chain was executed to simulate spatial distribution of land use/cover in 2018. Based on the simulated LULC map for 2018 and the actual LULC map of 2018 CA-Markov Model was validated with a kappa index of 1. Finally, future land use/cover transformed during the periods of 2018–2037 and 2037–2056 were predicted using CA-Markov Chain Model. The results revealed that decreasing of forest land and increasing of agricultural land in the study period. Forest land was decreased by 52,156.71 hectares from 1980 to 2018, while agricultural land increased by 78,021.35 hectares during 1980–2018. Rate of deforestation between 1980 and 2018 was 1,372.54 hectares per year. Therefore, the predicted results of 2037 year suggests that forest cover would decreases by 30,204.65 hectares within 19 years and also agricultural land would be increases by 30,693.91 hectares between 2018 and 2037. It approved helping concerned bodies that work on the forest better understand and address a tough land use system, and develop.
The Effect of Heart Disease, Diabetes, and Hypertention in COVID 19 Patients
Authors: Alfares Farah , Alshihabi Farah , Abozraa Abdalrhman , Abobaker Hussam , Nabulsi Ahmad 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Patients with preexisting diabetes and cardiovascular metabolic illnesses who have coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) have a higher mortality risk. More research is needed to correctly concentrate the influence of previous health issues on COVID-19 results due to the spread of novel variants with evolving clinical features.
Aim
The primary goal of this study was to look at the effects of diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) on disease prognosis and severe health consequences in individuals with COVID-19.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted at Damascus hospital on 202 patients with COVID-19 from February 10, 2022, to May 10, 2022. The chi-square test was used to explore the relationship between sickness results and research parameters. The statistical significance level was chosen at P 0.05.
Results
Men made up 51% of the patients, while women made up 49%. The average age of the patients was 66.5 years. Cough (20%) was the most prevalent clinical complaint among 202 COVID-19 patients, followed by weariness and dyspnea (18%) and fever (17%). 28% of these patients had diabetes, 45% had hypertension, and 16% had heart failure or myocardial infarction. Multiple organ failure occurred in 7% of patients, and patient mortality occurred in 49% of instances. We identified a statistically significant association between the existence of cardiac disease in the patient and the development of problems as a result of COVID-19 infection, with 69% of patients developing difficulties during their infection compared to 64% who did not develop any symptoms.
Conclusion
In this study, 82 COVID-19 patients passed away. Diabetes, CVD, and COVID-19 patients had the greatest mortality rates. Diabetes and CVD patients were at a much higher risk.
A study of blood sugar changes in non-diabetic patients admitted to the Cardiac Care Department, Damascus Hospital.
Authors: Hammoud Taghrid , Aldeen Redan Zhr , Saleem ‏Majd , Al-Fawaris Ma'moun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background:
Diabetes, as it is called (the disease of the age), has taken up large demographic areas, so it is better to treat it than to prevent it. Since measuring blood sugar periodically is one of the easiest methods available that makes us vigilant about the initial changes in blood sugar, especially when there are risk factors; Based on the foregoing, the importance of the research is based on studying the changes in blood sugar values ​​in non-diabetic patients and their predisposition to high blood sugar in the presence of the cardiac factor as a risk factor, as current studies indicate that there are several metabolic and hormonal changes that occur in patients with important heart diseases, and that high blood sugar values Blood in patients with heart disease is significantly associated with higher morbidity and mortality. This study aims to study the relationship between blood sugar values ​​upon discharge from the hospital and the patient's pathological history, serum creatinine values, systolic pressure and pulse of the patient, family history, smoking amount, LDL and CKmb values ​​upon discharge. And studying the relationship between the patient's antecedents and CKmb upon discharge.
Methods and materials:
Samples were collected in Damascus Hospital (Cardiac Care Department) in Damascus, affiliated to the Syrian Ministry of Health, in the period between (1/1/2020 to 1/1/2022), and the information required for the study was extracted from patients’ files and samples were analyzed by the two students, Redan Zhr Aldine. And Majd Seleem on a daily basis during official working hours, as 260 cases were collected.
Results:
The sample included 260 patient's male (68.2%) females (30.8%), and the age group (51–60) was the most common in the study, and the percentage of patients with infarction and angina pectoris was 38.5%. The percentage of patients with atrial fibrillation was 23.1%. When studying the relationship between blood glucose values at the moment of hospital discharge and the patient's medical history, blood creatinine values, systolic pressure, pulse, family history, smoking amount, LDL and CKMB values at the moment of discharge and histological history, the p-value was < 0.05.
Conclusion:
There is a statistically significant relationship between blood glucose values at the moment of discharge from the hospital and the patient's medical history, blood creatinine values, systolic pressure, pulse, patient history, smoking amount, LDL and CKMB values at the moment of discharge and pathological history, and there is no statistically significant relationship between Medical history and CKMB values at the moment of hospital discharge.
Comparison of State-of-the-Art Neural Network Survival Models with the Pooled Cohort Equations for Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction
Authors: Deng Yu , Liu Lei , Jiang Hongmei , Peng Yifan , Wei Yishu , Zhou Zhiyang , Zhong Yizhen , Zhao Yun , Yang Xiaoyun , Yu Jingzhi , Lu Zhiyong , Kho Abel , Ning Hongyan , Allen Norrina B. , Wilkins John , Liu Kiang , Lloyd-Jones Donald , Zhao Lihui 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: The Pooled Cohort Equations (PCEs) are race- and sex-specific Cox PH-based models used for 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk prediction with acceptable discrimination. In recent years, neural network models have gained increasing popularity with their success in image recognition and text classification. Various survival neural network models have been proposed by combining survival analysis and neural network architecture to take advantage of the strengths from both. However, the performance of these survival neural network models compared to each other and to PCEs in ASCVD prediction is unknown.
Methods: In this study, we used 6 cohorts from the Lifetime Risk Pooling Project (with 5 cohorts as training/internal validation and one cohort as external validation) and compared the performance of the PCEs in 10-year ASCVD risk prediction with an all two-way interactions Cox PH model (Cox PH-TWI) and three state-of-the-art neural network survival models including Nnet-survival, Deepsurv, and Cox-nnet. For all the models, we used the same 7 covariates as used in the PCEs. We fitted each of the aforementioned models in white females, white males, black females, and black males, respectively. We evaluated models’ internal and external discrimination power and calibration.
Results: The training/internal validation sample comprised 23216 individuals. The average age at baseline was 57.8 years old (SD = 9.6); 16% developed ASCVD during average follow-up of 10.50 (SD = 3.02) years. Based on 10x10 cross-validation, the method that had the highest C-statistics was Deepsurv (0.7371) for white males, Deepsurv and Cox PH-TWI (0.7972) for white females, PCE (0.6981) for black males, and Deepsurv (0.7886) for black females. In the external validation dataset, Deepsurv (0.7032), Cox-nnet (0.7282), PCE (0.6811), and Deepsurv (0.7316) had the highest C-statistics for white male, white female, black male, and black female population, respectively. Calibration plots showed that in 10x10 validation, all models had good calibration in all race and sex groups. In external validation, all models overestimated the risk for 10-year ASCVD.
Conclusions: We demonstrated the use of the state-of-the-art neural network survival models in ASCVD risk prediction. Neural network survival models had similar if not superior discrimination and calibration compared to PCEs.
Algorithm to forecast entrepreneurship population using Fuzzy Time Series
Authors: Argote Milenka Linneth , Parra Leon Darío 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The development of this article required researchers to run several simulations with an FTS model, to project the entrepreneurial population under different values of the parameter C belonging to the bell-shaped membership function. Taking "entrepreneurial population growth" as a linguistic variable, researchers analyzed the potential of the model to adjust to the dynamics of the phenomenon under study, and used an FTS time-invariant. Algorithms were developed in R to run the different stages of the projection model; and experiments using rates as a measure to eliminate sample bias were carried out. The sensitivity of the model to different values of C ranging from 0 to 1 was also analyzed. The results show that the model is robust to project the historical data of the entrepreneurial population in Colombia. The sample data are unstable, however, when projecting the rates, the results are consistent. The lowest error is 0.04142 for C=0.01. Researchers also performed a comparative analysis to evaluate the potential of the FTS-R method to project the entrepreneurial population.
Quality of Life and Intensity of Pain among Students with Low Back Pain during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Zahari Zarina , Mohd Mokhtar Nor Farah Afina , Chua Siew Kuan , Sulfandi Sulfandi 
Published: October 2022

Background The Covid-19 pandemic affects students’ physical, psychological, social, and quality of life (QOL). Objectives To identify the prevalence of LBP, pain, and QOL; and determine the association between pain and QOL among students with LBP. Methods 420 students were recruited from the Faculty of Health Sciences. Limitations There was a lack of studies investigating QOL and pain among students with LBP. Findings 350 students were included for analysis with 60.6% experiencing LBP. Significant differences were found in QOL and pain among students with and without LBP. Implications A high prevalence of LBP among students affects pain and QOL.
Keywords: Low back pain; pain intensity; quality of life; Covid-19
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under the responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians), and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7i21.3731
Integration of Augmented Reality (AR) Technology in Education: Perceptions and advantages
Authors: Zambri Amirul Afif , Khalid Firdaus , Kamaruzaman Muhamad Fairus 
Published: October 2022

Augmented Reality (AR) has become one of the 21st-century technology to be used in education to enhance the pedagogical process. Due to its handiness and effectiveness, it may visualise abstract context into digital elements, making this mechanism one of the preferred learning trends today. Therefore, this study aims to examine the use of AR technology in Malaysian education from the insights of the educators. The significant outcome from the study has shown that educators were captivated by AR technology due to its novelty.
Keywords: Augmented Reality; Malaysian Education; Educators Perspective; Pedagogy Enhancement
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7iSI7%20(Special%20Issue).3804
Promoting Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health in North America Using Free Mobile Apps: Environmental Scan
Authors: Benoit James Russell Andrew , Louie-Poon Samantha , Kauser Samar , Meherali Salima 
Published: October 2022

Background
Neglecting adolescents’ sexual and reproductive health (SRH) can affect multiple domains of development. Promoting healthy adolescent SRH is increasingly done using mobile phone apps. Providing SRH information via mobile phones can positively influence SRH outcomes including improving knowledge, reducing sexual risk behavior, and increasing the use of health services. A systematic approach to establishing and evaluating the quality of adolescent SRH mobile apps is urgently needed to rigorously evaluate whether they are a viable and effective strategy for reaching adolescents and improving adolescent SRH knowledge and behaviors in particular.

Objective
This study aimed to conduct an environmental scan to produce an inventory of adolescent SRH–specific mobile apps with descriptions of their purpose, structure, operations, and quality of evidence.

Methods
We used a literature review to develop 15 search terms for adolescent SRH–related apps in the Canadian and US Apple and Google app stores. After generating the search results, inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. Using the remaining apps, we built an evidence table of app information, and app reviewers assessed each included app using the Mobile App Rating Scale. App assessments were then used to highlight trends between apps and identify gaps in app quality.

Results
In total, 2761 apps were identified by our searches, of which 1515 were duplicates. Of the 1246 remaining apps, 15 met the criteria for further assessment. Across all subdomains, on a scale of 1-5, the mean app score was 3.4/5. The Functionality subdomain had the highest mean score of 4.1/5, whereas the Engagement subdomain had the lowest score of 2.9/5. The top 4 apps were Tia: Female Health Advisor (4.7/5), Under the Stethoscope (4.2/5), Condom Credit Card (4.1/5), and Shnet (3.7/5).

Conclusions
This environmental scan aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the mobile apps developed to promote adolescent SRH knowledge and outcomes. Of the 15 mobile apps available to provide information related to adolescent SRH, few provided comprehensive, reliable, and evidence-based SRH information. Areas of strength included the apps’ gestural design, performance, ease of use, and navigation. Areas of weakness included app goals, evidence base, and app customization options. These results can be used to conduct future studies evaluating the use and efficacy of mobile apps on health knowledge and behaviors and promote adolescent SRH.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on eHealth Use in the Daily Practice and Life of Dutch-Speaking General Practitioners in Belgium: Qualitative Study With Semistructured Interviews
Authors: Yagiz Jan Ismail , Goderis Geert 
Published: October 2022

Background
The COVID-19 crisis has led to rapid and far-reaching changes in digital health care, but little is known about what, why, and how changes occurred in eHealth use in Flemish general practice during the pandemic.

Objective
This study aims to understand how general practitioners (GPs) perceive and evaluate eHealth solutions and their eHealth experience during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
This qualitative study was conducted using in-depth 1-on-1 semistructured interviews with the help of an interview guide. Several areas were identified beforehand to help assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: perceptions of digital technologies in GP practices; changes in the use of these technologies during and after the COVID-19 pandemic; GPs’ adaptation to digitalization, benefits, risks, and challenges of eHealth; GPs motivations to change practice; and future perspectives on eHealth. In this study, purposive sampling and snowballing methods were used. Between October 2021 and April 2022, we interviewed 15 Dutch-speaking GPs in the Flemish region via the Zoom online conferencing tool.

Results
GPs indicated that eHealth was used more frequently during the COVID-19 pandemic than before, a change that helped them reduce their workload, enabling greater accessibility to health care services and the complementary use of digital and physical consultations. Our findings suggest that physicians underwent a significant cognitive shift in their perceptions, causing them to be more open and prepared to adopt eHealth solutions. However, there remains significant doubt and uncertainty about digital literacy for certain groups, privacy, data security, reimbursement, and the burden of technical information and communication technologies (ICT) issues.

Conclusions
The COVID-19 pandemic seems to have been a turning point for eHealth by Flemish GPs. eHealth is an essential complementary health care service that can reduce pressure on health care as well as increase health care accessibility. Sensitive aspects, such as privacy, data security, digital literacy, reimbursement, and the burden of technical ICT issues, are particularly emphasized. With our results, we can offer recommendations to health IT policymakers and developers that will help maintain the continuity of eHealth solutions beyond the COVID-19 pandemic, considering the expectations and sensitivities presented in the study.
Morphological Structure and Fertility of Melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L.) Pollen based on Microscopic Data
Authors: Qori Nur Fauziah  , Siti Susanti  
Published: October 2022

Melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L.) is the only species of the genus Gnetum that is quickly grown and cultivated in Indonesia. Melinjo is also an economically valuable plant, and the most famous product is emping as a potential small industrial sector commodity and brightly projected in the development of non-oil and gas exports. However, taxonomic studies of pollen morphology of Melinjo are rare, and the pollen fertility needs to study to increase Melinjo production and answer the demand for seeds. Morphological characterization can be used for taxonomic studies such as The Pollen Dispersal Units (PDUs), polarity, shape, symmetry, apertura, and skulptur (ornamentation) (Hasanuddin, 2018). Melinjo pollen has a level of germination (if it did without treatment pra-germination) only 1 – 2% during six months, and reach 100% during 12 months (World Agroforesty, 2021). Further, if pollen is saved in an organic liquid, it can increase the level of germination during 11 weeks to reach 80,63% (Kairani, 2010). The experiment aimed to study pollen morphology, ultrastructure, and fertility of pollen Melinjo. Pollen morphology, ultrastructure, and fertility were carried out by removing the blooming strobilus at branch Melinjo trees. Acetylysis method is used to observe the pollen morphology, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) is used to observe exin ornamentation, and aperture, and tetrazolium staining method is used for fertility test of Melinjo pollen.
Effect of Bacterial Cellulose (BC) Formation on Various Substrate Variations and Combinations
Authors: Liany Siti Assyifa , Syafira Wilda , Putri Adelia , Khasanah Anis Uswatun 
Published: October 2022

Cellulose is one of the most abundant polymers on the earth's surface and is often used as the main raw material in various industries. Bacterial Cellulose (BC) is an organic compound produced by certain types of bacteria with various variations and combinations of substrates, including coconut water, rice soaking water, tomatoes, and a mixture of tomato-rice water, coconut-tomato water, and coconut water-rice water. This study aims to determine the optimization of BC formation in various variations and combinations of substrates with organoleptic and physical tests on each sample. This study used experimental methods on each substrate and analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The formula for making BC was 50 mL of each substrate, 5 grams of sugar, 2 grams of ZA (ammonium sulfate), 2 grams of glacial acetic acid, and 2 mL of starter (Acetobacter xylinum). The results of this study obtained organoleptic BC by 90% of panelists liked it, and 10% of panelists disliked it. Meanwhile, the best optimization of BC production obtained the highest thickness and yield on the coconut-rice water substrate treatment of 2.3 cm and 80% yield, the highest water content on the coconut water, coconut-tomato water, and coconut-rice water substrate treatments, respectively, each of 97% and the highest fiber content in rice water, tomato water, and tomato-rice water substrates were 3% each.
Creación del Sistema de Medición de Desarrollo Infantil Dominicano (SIMEDID)
Authors: Alonso María Angélica , Valdez María Elena , Jiménez Angie , Sánchez-Vincitore Laura V. 
Published: October 2022

Este artículo presenta el proceso de creación del Sistema de Medición del Desarrollo Infantil Dominicano (SIMEDID), una plataforma digital que guía a evaluadores para administrar un instrumento que mide el desarrollo de niños y niñas de cero a cinco años. El instrumento ha sido validado y está en proceso de baremación para la población dominicana. Se presentarán sus características principales y la problemática que resuelve. El sistema permitirá reportar indicadores de desarrollo locales, dar seguimiento individualizado a los niños y las niñas que reciben servicios en el Instituto Nacional de Atención Integral a la Primera Infancia, así como tomar decisiones de políticas públicas basadas en la evidencia local que permitan la mejora de la calidad educativa.