bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcultural Validation of A Spanish Version of The Quality of Life In Epidermolysis Bullosa Questionnaire
Authors: Villar-Hernandez Alvaro Rafael , Alonso Fernando Molero , Marín Alvaro Aguado , Paz Manuel Posada de la 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a relatively infrequent genodermatosis for which there is still no cure, and which impacts on the quality of life of those affected by it. The Quality of Life evaluation in Epidermolysis Bullosa (QoLEB) questionnaire was specifically developed for English-speaking persons with EB. Objectives: To undertake the transcultural adaptation and analysis of the psychometric properties of a Spanish version of the QoLEB questionnaire. Method: We designed an observational study to implement the process of translation and validation of the scale in accordance with World Health Organisation guidelines. We assessed the content validity of the Spanish version, with the participation of 33 adult patients who presented with 4 principal subtypes of EB. Subjects were examined and evaluated using the QoLEB and Short Form-36 (SF-36) questionnaires. Results: The Spanish version of the QoLEB displayed excellent internal consistency and content validity, α=0.91. Test-retest reliability was likewise excellent (ps=0.93), as was reliability among subtypes (range ps=0.82–0.93). The functional part of the QoLEB correlated well with the SF-36 physical component summary (ps=0.70). The emotional QoLEB was moderately correlated with the SF-36 mental component summary (ps=0.49). Significant discriminant validity existed between the global score of the questionnaire (p=0.033) and the functional scale (p=0.003). Conclusion: The Spanish version of the QoLEB questionnaire can be recommended for use in any subsequent studies seeking to assess the efficacy of possible treatments and care programmes in this group.
Time From Hospital Admission to Onset of Septic Shock is Associated with Higher In-Hospital Mortality
Authors: Sato Ryota , Dugar Siddharth , Han Xiaozhen , Siuba Matthew T. , Mucha Simon , Dettmer Matthew , Wang Xiaofeng , Yataco Angel Coz , Choudhary Chirag , Khanna Ashish K. , Duggal Abhijit 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objective:Several studies have shown septic shock developing later during the hospital stay are associated with greater mortality. However, the precise point at which time from hospital admission to the onset of septic shock (admission-shock-onset-time) becomes an independent prognostic marker of mortality remains unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the association between admission-shock-onset-time and in-hospital mortality among patients with septic shock, as well as the optimal cut-off time period to categorize early and late-onset septic shock.Method: We conducted a single-center retrospective, observational cohort study at a quaternary academic hospital comprising adult patients with septic shock admitted to a medical intensive care unit (ICU) from 01/2011 to 12/2020. A multivariable Cox regression model was developed to assess if log-transformed admission-shock-onset-time was associated with in-hospital mortality. A multivariable additive logistic regression was performed to estimate the odds ratio for mortality using the log-transformed admission-shock-onset-time. The thin plate spline function was used to describe the nonlinear relationship between the log-transformed admission-shock-onset-time and in-hospital mortality.The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality and the secondary outcome was ICU mortality.Results:A total of 2,520 patients met the inclusion criteria with an overall in-hospital mortality of 37.3%. The log-transformed admission-shock-onset-time was associated with higher in-hospital mortality [Hazard ratio (HR): 1.08, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.05-1.11, p< 0.001] and ICU mortality (HR: 1.06, 95%CI: 1.03-1.10, p<0.001). This association remained significant after adjusting for clinical variables. The odds ratio for in-hospital mortality continued to increase throughout the observation period.Conclusion:In-hospital mortality continued to rise as admission-shock-onset-time increased in septic shock. No clear dichotomization between early and late septic shock can be ascertained and this categorization may limit our understanding of the temporal relationship of shock onset to mortality.Trial RegistrationThis study was approved by Cleveland Clinic Institutional Review Board (IRB 15-1233).
Systematic Assessment of Coronary Calcium Detectability and Quantification on Four Generations of CT Reconstruction Techniques: a Patient and Phantom Study
Authors: Dobrolińska Magdalena M , Praagh Gijs D van , Oostveen Luuk J , Poelhekken Keris , Greuter Marcel , Fleischmann Dominik , Willemink Martin J , de Lange Frank , Slart Riemer HJA , Leiner Tim , Werf Niels R van der 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose: In computed tomography, coronary artery calcium (CAC) scores are influenced by image reconstruction. For a newly introduced deep learning-based reconstruction (DLR), the effect on CAC scoring in relation to other algorithms is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of four generations of image reconstruction techniques (filtered back projection (FBP), hybrid iterative reconstruction (HIR), model-based iterative reconstruction (MBIR), and DLR) on CAC detectability, quantification, and risk classification.Methods: First, CAC detectability was assessed with a dedicated static phantom containing 100 small calcifications varying in size and density. Second, CAC quantification was assessed with a dynamic coronary phantom with velocities equivalent to heart rates of 60-75 bpm. Both phantoms were scanned and reconstructed with four techniques. Last, scans of fifty patients were included and the Agatston calcium score was calculated for all four reconstruction techniques. FBP was used as a reference.Results: In the phantom study, all reconstruction techniques resulted in less detected small calcifications for both, static and dynamic phantom. In the patient study, the cardiovascular risk classification resulted, for all reconstruction techniques, in excellent agreement with the reference, although MBIR resulted in significantly higher Agatston scores and 6% reclassification rate.Conclusion: Agatston score agreement between FBP, HIR, and DLR was excellent, with a low-risk reclassification rate.
Disparities in Years of Potential Life Lost Among Racial and Ethnic Groups in Washington State
Authors: Stanley Sandte , Amiri Solmaz , Denney Justin T. , Buchwald Dedra 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background. Previous research in the United States has documented increased risk of premature mortality for a limited number of racial and ethnic groups but has often failed to account for individual and place-based risk factors. Methods. We use a measure of years of potential life lost (YPLL) to examine disparities in premature mortality across several racial and ethnic groups in Washington state. Data included nearly 400,000 geocoded death records from Washington state decedents from 2011 to 2018. Records included information on marital status and educational attainment and were linked to census tract indicators of rurality and area deprivation. We conducted generalized linear mixed models with zero‐inflated Poisson distributions to test adjusted associations between racial and ethnic identity and YPLL. Results. Relative to non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks, American Indian and Alaska Natives, Asian or other Pacific Islanders, multiracial, and Hispanic decedents had significantly higher rates of YPLL. Even after important demographic, economic, and geographic controls, Hispanic YPLL was 1.46 times and multiracial 1.38 times higher than whites. Conclusion. Several distinct racial and ethnic minorities suffer disproportionately from premature mortality in Washington state, hindering these groups from achieving economic stability, political representation, and long lives.
A note on averaging prediction accuracy, Green’s functions and other kernels
Authors: GALVIS JUAN , Hernández-Romero Freddy , Gómez Francisco 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We present the mathematical context of the predictive accuracy index and then introduce the definition of integral average transform. We establish the relation of our definition with two variables kernels K ( y , x ). As an example of an application we show that integrating against the fundamental solution of the Laplace operator, that is, solving the Poisson equation, can be re-interpreted as an integral of averages of the forcing term over balls. As a result, we obtained a novel integral representation of the solution of the Poisson equation. Our motivation comes from the need for a better mathematical understanding of the prediction accuracy index. This index is used to identify hot spots in predictive security and other applications.
Incidence and risk of advanced age-related macular degeneration in eyes with drusenoid pigment epithelial detachment
Authors: Shijo Taiyo , Sakurada Yoichi , Tanaka Koji , Miki Akiko , Sugiyama Atsushi , Onoe Hajime , Chubachi Aya , Kikushima Wataru , Wakatsuki Yu , Yoneyama Seigo , Mori Ryusaburo , Kashiwagi Kenji 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the incidence and risk of advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD), including geographic atrophy (GA) and macular neovascularization (MNV), in eyes with drusenoid pigment epithelial detachment (PED).
Methods
Eighty-five eyes with drusenoid PED from 85 patients (77.2 ± 7.0 years, male/female:44/41) were included in this study. Patients were followed up every 1–3 months via spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and color fundus photography. If exudation was observed on SD-OCT, fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography were performed to confirm the MNV subtype accordingly. The maximum follow-up period was 60 months.
Results
During the study period, GA developed in 8 eyes while MNV also developed in 8 eyes. The Kaplan-Meier estimator revealed that the cumulative incidence for 60 months was 17.9% and 12.2% for GA and MNV, respectively. In eyes developing MNV, retinal angiomatous proliferation (type 3 neovascularization) was the most common. Cox regression analysis revealed that baseline PED width was the only factor associated with advanced AMD. (p = 0.006, Cox regression analysis).
Conclusions
The five-year cumulative incidence of advanced AMD, including GA and MNV, was approximately 30% in eyes with drusenoid PED among the Japanese elderly. A larger baseline PED width was the only risk factor for advanced AMD.
Facial Beauty Prediction Fusing Transfer Learning and Broad Learning System
Authors: Gan Junying , Xie Xiaoshan , Zhai Yikui , He Guohui , Mai Chaoyun , Luo Heng 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Facial Beauty Prediction (FBP) is an important and challenging problem in the field of computer vision and machine learning. Not only it is easily prone to over-fitting due to the lack of large-scale and effective data, but also difficult to quickly build robust and effective face beauty evaluation models because of the variability of facial appearance and the complexity of human perception. Transfer learning can be able to reduce the dependence on large amounts of data as well as avoid overfitting problems. Broad Learning System (BLS) can be capable of quickly completing models building and training. For this purpose, transfer learning was fused with BLS for facial beauty prediction in this paper. Firstly, a feature extractor is constructed by way of CNN model based on transfer learning for facial feature extraction, in which EfficientNet is used in this paper, and the facial features extracted are transferred to BLS for facial beauty prediction, called E-BLS. Then, on the basis of E-BLS, a connection layer is designed to connect the feature extractor and BLS, called ER-BLS. Experimental results show that, compared with the previous BLS and CNN methods existed, the accuracy of facial beauty prediction was improved by E-BLS and ER-BLS, indicating the effectiveness of the method presented, which can also be widely used in pattern recognition, object detection and image classification, etc.
Do Ophthalmology Residents Know How to Check the Calibration of a Goldmann Applanation Tonometer?
Authors: Carlisle Aaron , Habib Sofia , Lin Zhiheng , Ching Jared , Niyadurupola Nuwan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose: A observational study to determine if ophthalmology residents know how to check Goldmann Applanation Tonometer (GAT) calibration.Methods: The step-by-step technique for checking the calibration of a GAT was taken from the manufacturer’s manual and developed into a mark sheet. Ophthalmology residents in years 2-8 of training from ten hospitals were individually observed and assessed checking calibration of a GAT. Participation was voluntary. Contact between participants was minimised to prevent communication about the study. Results: 74% (n = 20) of eligible ophthalmology residents (years 2-8) from 10 hospitals (2 teaching hospitals and 8 local general hospitals) were observed checking GAT calibration. Only 45% (n=9; CI: 26-66%) of ophthalmology residents were able to correctly check GAT calibration. Failure to mount the prism in the prism holder accounted for most cases of failure to correctly check GAT calibration. Conclusions: Most ophthalmology residents were unable to correctly check GAT calibration. Although better than previously published results, this observational study shows that further training and assessment is required for ophthalmology residents to learn the technique of checking GAT calibration.
Efficacy of COVID-19 vaccination on the symptoms of patients with long COVID: a target trial emulation using data from the ComPaRe e-cohort in France
Authors: Tran Viet-Thi , Perrodeau Elodie , Saldanha Julia , Pane Isabelle , Ravaud Philippe 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We used data from 910 adult patients included the ComPaRe long COVID cohort to emulate a target trial evaluating the effect of vaccination on the symptoms of patients who already had long COVID. We used propensity score matching to compare the outcomes, at 120 days, of patients who received a first COVID-19 vaccine injection (n=455) and those who did not (n=455). Vaccination reduced the number of long COVID symptoms (mean difference: -1.8, 95% CI -3.0 to -0.5), the proportion of patients with an unacceptable symptom state (risk difference -7.5%, 95% CI -14.4 to -0.5), and doubled the remission rate (16.6% vs 7.5%, HR: 1.97, 95% CI 1.23 to 3.15). In the vaccination group, two (0.4%) patients reported serious adverse events leading to hospitalisation. Vaccination lowered the severity and life impact of long COVID, at 120 days, among patients with persistent symptoms.
Landslide Hazard, Susceptibility and Risk Assessment (HSRA) Based on Remote Sensing and GIS Data Models: A Case Study of Muzaffarabad Pakistan
Authors: AHMAD MUHAMMAD NASAR , Shao Zhenfeng , Aslam Rana Waqar , Ahmad Israr , Liao Ming , Li Xianyi , Song Yang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The notion of this research is based on the two devastating earthquake events that happened on October 8, 2005, and September 24, 2019, in the regions of Azad Kashmir. This study aims at (i) identification of the susceptible zones where landslides will occur in the future; (ii) preparation of landslide inventory maps using vector data, satellite imagery, Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (STRM) and Advanced Space-borne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) DEM; (iii) implementation of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) model using weighted overlay analysis (WOA). For this purpose, key factors such as land-use, faults, slope, contours, soil and seismology are used to develop a landslide hazard zonation map. The output landslide susceptibility map has four susceptibility levels such as low, medium, high, and very high vulnerable zones. The results indicated that a highly susceptible landslide zone is found in the northwestern part of Muzaffarabad, which is a metropolitan region. Moreover, there are 127 active landslides are identified and collectively about 9% of the study area is very highly susceptible to future landslides. Moreover, research findings are helpful in tactful thinking for future infrastructure development, ecological protection in high-susceptible landslide regions in Muzaffarabad. It also allows the Government to make strategies for that specific zones on a priority basis to reduce the casualties and destruction in future landslide events.
Deep learning-based automatic-bone-destruction-evaluation system using contextual information from other joints
Authors: Miyama Kazuki , Bise Ryoma , Ikemura Satoshi , Kai Kazuhiro , Kanahori Masaya , Arisumi Shinkichi , Uchida Taisuke , Nakashima Yasuharu , Uchida Seiichi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: X-ray images are commonly used for assessing presence of bone destruction of rheumatoid arthritis. The purpose of this study is to propose an automatic-bone-destruction-evaluation system fully utilizing deep neural networks (DNN). This system detects all target joints of the modified Sharp/van der Heijde score (SHS) from a hand X-ray image. It then classifies every target joint as intact (SHS = 0) or non-intact (SHS ≥ 1).Methods: We used 226 hand X-ray images of 40 rheumatoid arthritis patients. As for detection, we used a DNN model called DeepLabCut. As for classification, we built four classification models that classify the detected joint as intact or non-intact. First, each joint is independently classified; second, the same contralateral joint is compared; third, the same joint group (e.g., the proximal interphalangeal joints) of one hand are compared; fourth, the same joint group of both hands are compared. We evaluated DeepLabCut’s detection performance and classification models’ performances. The classification models’ performances were compared to three orthopedic surgeons.Results: Detection rates for all the target joints were 98.0% and 97.3% for erosion and joint space narrowing (JSN). Among the four classification models, the model that compares the same contralateral joint showed the best F-measure (0.70, 0.81) and area under the curve of the precision-recall curve (PR-AUC) (0.73, 0.85) regarding erosion and JSN. As for erosion, the F-measure and PR-AUC of this model were better than the best of the orthopedic surgeons.Conclusions: The proposed system was useful. All the target joints were detected with high accuracy. The classification model that compared the same contralateral joint showed better performance than the orthopedic surgeons regarding erosion.
Gismondine-Sr, Sr4(Al8Si8O32)·9H2O, a new strontium dominant, orthorhombic zeolite of the gismondine series from the Hatrurim Complex, Israel
Authors: Skrzyńska Katarzyna , Cametti Georgia , Galuskina Irina O. , Vapnik Yevgeny , Galuskin Evgeny V. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A new mineral, gismondine-Sr with ordered gismondine framework type [B2212 no. 20, Z = 1; a = 14.0256(2) Å, b = 10.45900(10) Å, c = 13.79360(10) Å, V = 2023.44(4) Å3] and the ideal chemical formula Sr4(Si8Al8O32)·9H2O was discovered in amygdaloidal voids of partly melted gehlenite hornfels at Halamish locality, Hatrurim Basin of the Hatrurim Complex, Negev Desert, Israel. Gehlenite horn-fels is mainly composed of gehlenite, wollastonite, and garnet of the grossular-andradite-schorlomite series. In a low-temperature association occur minerals such as thomsonite-Ca, flörkeite, analcime and minerals of the tobermorite supergroup. Gismondine-Sr forms spherulitic aggregates up to 180 μm and, rarely, pseudotetragonal bipyramidal crystals up to 50 μm. Empirical crystal-chemical formula of gismondine-Sr is (Sr2.02Ca1.09Ba0.02K0.72Na0.62)Σ4.47Al7.91Si8.09O31.85·9H2O. It is the strontium analog of gismondine-Ca and the second orthorhombic zeolite with the GIS structure topology. Crystals are transparent to translucent and feature vitreous luster. The mineral exhibits a white color, imperfect cleavage in [101] direction, a brittle tenacity, and uneven fracture. The Mohs hardness was estimated at approximately 4. Gismondine-Sr is biaxial negative, α = 1.488(3), β = 1.492(3), γ = 1.495(3), 2Vobs = 70–80°. The Raman spectrum is characterized by a band at 465 cm−1, which is also the main band in gismondine-Ca. The structure refinement using SC-XRD (R1 = 0.0353) reveals the ordered distribution of framework cations and the disordered arrangement of extraframework cations. The aluminosilicate framework is built by crankshaft chains with 8-membered apertures channels parallel to [101] and [101]. In gismondine-Sr, the 8-membered rings are elliptically deformed and the T-O-T angle of the upward and downward tetrahedra in the double crankshaft chains is smaller compared to that for gismondine-Ca. Consequently, a slight rotation of the double crankshaft chains has been noticed. Similar observations have been made in partially dehydrated and the pressure-modified gismondine-Ca. The present study suggests that, in addition to high-pressure and dehydration, the elliptical deformation of the channels in GIS also arises as a consequence of the extraframework cations and H2O content. Thus, the extraframework content influences the aluminosilicate framework leading to the orthorhombic symmetry.
Comparison of flow simulations with sub-daily and daily GPM IMERG products over a transboundary Chenab River catchment
Authors: Ahmed Ehtesham , Al Janabi Firas , Yang Wenyu , Ali Akhtar , Saddique Naeem , Krebs Peter 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study proposes the assessment of SWAT model simulations, with the provision of satellite precipitation products (SPPs), in a transboundary/large catchment. Three latest sub-daily/half-hourly (HH) and daily (D) SPPs, i.e., ‘IMERG-E’, ‘IMERG-L’, and ‘IMERG-F’, were evaluated for daily and monthly flow simulations. The study revealed that monthly flow simulation performance is better than daily flow simulation in all sub-daily and daily SPPs-based models. Results depict that IMERG-HHF and IMERG-DF yield the best performance among the other latency levels of SPPs. The IMERG-HHF model has a reasonably higher daily correlation coefficient (R) and lower daily root-mean-square error (RMSE) than IMERG-DF. IMERG-HHF displays the lowest percent bias (PBIAS) values of 15.4 and 2.4 for daily and monthly flow validation, respectively. It also represents relatively higher values of coefficient of determination (R2) and Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) than any other model, i.e., R2=0.66 and NSE=0.63 for daily model validation and R2=0.84 and NSE=0.82 for monthly model validation. Moreover, the sub-daily IMERG model outperformed the daily IMERG model for all calibration and validation scenarios. The IMERG-DL model demonstrates poor performance in all of the SPPs, in daily and monthly validation, with low R2 (0.63 (dval) and 0.81 (mval)), low NSE (0.50 (dval) and 0.67 (mval)), and high PBIAS (31 (dval) and 26.6 (mval)). Additionally, the IMERG-HHE model outperformed IMERG-HHL.