bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilization of Family Planning and Volunteer Counseling and Testing Service and Associated Factors among Preparatory School Students in Arba Minch Town, Southern Ethiopia: A Cross- Sectional Study Design
Authors: Sisay Gizaw , Mata Melaku , Girma Meseret , Girma Zeleke , Desalegn Sewitmariam , Wolde Fitsum 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: The utilization of reproductive health service plays significant role in preventing youths from different reproductive related health problems. Adolescents in Ethiopia have inadequate access to information and services.Objective: To assess utilization of family planning and volunteer counseling and testing service and associated factors among preparatory school students in Arba Minch Town. Method: Institutional based cross sectional study was conducted among randomly selected 522 regular preparatory students in Arba Minch Town from December 01-30/2019. Data was entered and clean into Epidata-4.6 templates then transferred to SPSS-25 statistical software for analysis. A bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify statistically significant variables of the independent variable. Variables with P-value <0.05, CI 95% in the final model were considered significant determinant variables. Result: Out of those who had sexual intercourse 78.6% and 29.3% of them used family planning and voluntary counseling and testing service, respectively. Sexual intercourse experienced adolescents were 8.24 times more likely utilized F/P service than their counterparts (AOR=8.236, 95% CI: 6.18-15.76). The study participants living with both parents were about 1.6 times (AOR=1.645, CI: 1.077-2.513 more likely to use voluntary counseling and testing service compared to those who living with others. Conclusions and Recommendations: Based on this finding majority (more than three fourth) of adolescents used family planning, but voluntary counseling and testing service utilization were low. The reasons for not utilizing family planning and voluntary counseling and testing service were felt ashamed from friends and unfriendly approach of health workers during service provision. So, we can recommend that encourage adolescents open discussion about reproductive health service utilization with different peoples, open discussion within couples and encourage to increase female education are important steps to improve adolescent’s reproductive service utilization.
Studying and mitigating the effects of data drifts on ML model performance at the example of chemical toxicity data
Authors: Morger Andrea , de Lomana Marina Garcia , Norinder Ulf , Svensson Fredrik , Kirchmair Johannes , Mathea Miriam , Volkamer Andrea 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Machine learning models are widely applied to predict molecular properties or the biological activity of small molecules on a specific protein. Models can be integrated in a conformal prediction (CP) framework which adds a calibration step to estimate the confidence of the predictions. CP models present the advantage of ensuring a predefined error rate under the assumption that test and calibration set are exchangeable. In cases where the test data have drifted away from the descriptor space of the training data, or where assay setups have changed, this assumption might not be fulfilled and the models are not guaranteed to be valid. In this study, the performance of internally valid CP models when applied to either newer time-split data or to external data was evaluated. In detail, temporal data drifts were analysed based on twelve datasets from the ChEMBL database. In addition, discrepancies between models trained on publicly available data and applied to proprietary data for the liver toxicity and MNT in vivo endpoints were investigated. In most cases, a drastic decrease in the validity of the models was observed when applied to the time-split or external (holdout) test sets. To overcome the decrease in model validity, a strategy for updating the calibration set with data more similar to the holdout set was investigated. Updating the calibration set generally improved the validity, restoring it completely to its expected value in many cases. The restored validity is the first requisite for applying the CP models with confidence. However, the increased validity comes at the cost of a decrease in model efficiency, as more predictions are identified as inconclusive. This study presents a strategy to recalibrate CP models to mitigate the effects of data drifts. Updating the calibration sets without having to retrain the model has proven to be a useful approach to restore the validity of most models.
Association of the Liver and Spleen Signal Intensity on MRI with Anemia
in Gynecological Cancer
Authors: Li Hang , Chen Xiao-Li , Chen Guang-Wen , Zhou Peng 
Published: March 2022

Objective:
This study investigates the association of the liver and spleen signal intensity on
MRI with anemia in patients with gynecologic cancer.

Methods:
332 patients with gynecological cancer and 78 healthy women underwent MRI examination.
Liver and spleen MRI parameters and laboratory tests were obtained within 1 week. The signal intensity
ratios of liver and spleen to the paraspinal muscle were calculated on gradient-echo T1-weighted
images (T1WI) and T2-weighted images (T2WI) in both patients and healthy women, respectively.

Results:
The ratios of liver and spleen to paraspinal muscle on T1WI and T2WI were lower in patients
than in the healthy women, respectively (P<0.0001). The ratios of the liver and spleen to paraspinal
muscle on T1WI and T2WI decreased with the increasing stage of anemia and decreasing hemoglobin
levels (P<0.001). The ratios of the liver to paraspinal muscle on T1WI, spleen to paraspinal muscle on
T1WI, and the liver and spleen to paraspinal muscle on T2WI could predict anemia stage≥1
(AUC=0.576, 0.643, 0.688, and 0.756, respectively), ≥2 (AUC=0.743, 0.714, 0.891, and 0.922, respectively)
and 3 (AUC=0.851, 0.822, 0.854, and 0.949, respectively).

Conclusion:
T2WI-based spleen signal intensity ratios showed the highest potential for non-invasive
evaluation of anemia in gynecological cancer.
Bibliometric Analysis: Nanotechnology and COVID-19
Authors: Lunardi Claure Nain , Subrinho Fernanda Lima , Freitas Barros Mirella Paula de , Lima Raiane Cavalcante , de Queiroz Melo Ana Clara Magalhaes , Barbosa Daniela de Melo , Negreiros Luana Gouveia De , Rodrigues Brenda Soares , Neiva Mateus Sousa , Linhares Joao Victor Ribeiro , Dalla Costa Gabriel Farrapeira , Gomes Anderson de Jesus 
Published: March 2022

Background:
COVID-19 pandemic information is critical in order to study it further, but the virus has still not been confined. In addition, even if there is no longer any threat, more knowledge may be gathered from these resources.

Methods:
The data used in this study was gathered from several scientific areas and the links between them. Due to the fact that the COVID-19 pandemic has not been fully contained and additional information can be gleaned from these references, bibliometric analysis of it is important.

Results:
In total 155 publications on the topic of "COVID-19" and the keyword "nanotechnology" were identified in the Scopus database between 2020 and 2021 in a network visualization map

Conclusion:
As a result, our analysis was conducted at the appropriate time to provide a comprehensive understanding of COVID-19 and nanotechnology and prospective research directions for medicinal chemistry.
The Antibacterial Activity of Quinazoline and Quinazolinone Hybrids
Authors: Li Zhenghua , Zhao Li , Bian Yunqiang , Li Yu , Qu Jie , Song Feng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
Bacterial infections cause substantial morbidity and mortality across the world and pose serious threats to humankind. Drug resistance, especially multidrug resistance resulting from differ-ent defensive mechanisms in bacteria, is the leading cause of the failure of chemotherapy, making it an urgent need to develop more effective antibacterials. Quinazoline and quinazolinone frameworks have received considerable attention due to their diversified therapeutic potential. In particular, quinazoline/quinazolinone hybrids can exert antibacterial activity through various mechanisms and are useful scaffolds for the discovery of novel antibacterials. This review principally emphasizes the antibacterial potential, structure-activity relationships (SARs), and mechanism of action of quinazo-line and quinazolinone hybrids, covering articles published between 2017 and 2021.
Efficacy of Vitamin D Supplementation in the Improvement of Clinical
Status in Patients Diagnosed with Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A Systematic
Review
Authors: Venkatesan Nanditha , Gyawali Mallika , Botleroo Rinky A. , Ahmed Rowan , Kareem Roaa , Ogeyingbo Opemipo D. , Bhandari Renu , Elshaikh Abeer O. 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Fibromyalgia syndrome is characterised by extensive muscular pain and chronic fatigue. Among the pharmacologic and other nutrient supplements that have been studied, Vitamin D has garnered attention owing to the critical role it plays in inflammatory and pain path-ways. We conducted a systematic literature review to examine the efficacy of vitamin D supplemen-tation in improving the clinical status of the patients and alleviating the symptoms of fibromyalgia.

Methods:
We searched Cochrane CENTRAL, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, grey literature (medrXiv and biorXiv) for observational studies, randomized controlled trials, case-control studies, and case reports published in English from January 2011 to May 2021, using the terms vitamin D and fibromyalgia or FMS. References were reviewed manually and articles were only included if they were specific about the diagnosis of fibromyalgia.

Results:
2651 studies were retrieved, with 12 studies fulfilling the inclusion criteria. 11 out of these 12 studies were of high quality and showed low risk of bias. 11 of these also demonstrated defini-tive improvement in clinical status and various outcome measures following supplementation with Vitamin D.

Conclusions:
Our study emphasises an association between supplementation of vitamin D and improvement of the clinical condition of fibromyalgia through a systematic review of high-quality studies. The study also identified areas for future scope for research needed for standardising the detection and treatment of this chronic condition through cost-effective supplements such as Vitamin D.
Therapeutic Importance and Pharmacological Activities of Karanjin in the Medicine for the Treatment of Human Disorders: A Review through Scientific Data Analysis
Authors: Patel Dinesh Kumar , Patel Kanika 
Published: March 2022

Backgrounds:Plant and derived herbal drugs have been used in the traditional system of medicine for the treatment of various forms of human health complications since a very early age. Commercial products prepared from natural herbs have been always valuable for the society in the form of health supplement to medicament. In the ancient time, herbal products were mainly prepared from plants and their derived phytochemical. Plants contain a rich source of pure phytochemical called secondary metabolite and examples are flavonoids, glycosides, tannins and terpenoids etc. Plants and their parts including fruits, flowers, vegetables etc. are the best source of Flavonoid class phytochemicals.Methods:Present work summarized the scientific information of karanjin for their health beneficial aspects and pharmacological activities including its analytical aspects. In the present investigation, scientific data of karanjin have been collected from various scientific databases such as Google, Goggle Scholar, Science Direct and PubMed and analyzed to know the health beneficial aspects of karanjin in the medicine. Further pharmacological activity data has been collected and analyzed in the present work to know their biological potential in the medicine. Analytical methods used for the separation, isolation, and identification of karanjin for the standardization of different natural products have been also discussed in the present work.Results:Scientific data analysis signified the biological importance of Flavonoid class phytochemicals in the medicine as they are well known for their anti-ischemic, vasodilatory, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-viral, and anti-cancer activities. Scientific data analysis revealed the presences of karanjin in numerous medicinal plants such as Fordia cauliflora, Lonchocarpus latifolius, Millettia pinnata, Millettia pubinervis, Pongamia pinnata, and Tephrosia purpurea. Pharmacological activity data revealed the biological potential of karanjin against cancerous disorders, glucose metabolism abnormalities, gastrointestinal disorders, arthritis, inflammatory disorders, colitis, psoriasis and brain related disorders. However, analytical data signified the importance of RP-HPLC, TLC, HPTLC, UPLC-ESI-MS/MS and HSCCC techniques in the medicine for the quantification of karanjin in different samples.Conclusion:Presented information about karanjin in this review paper will be beneficial to the scientific peoples of the world to know the health beneficial aspects of karanjin in the medicine.
Emerging Trends and their Impacts on Peptic Ulcer Diseases: Treatments
and Techniques
Authors: Singh Pranjal Kumar , Easwari T.S. 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is prevalent in almost all parts of the world. PUD complications are creating a major source of preventable health care expenses. The major factors responsible for the incidence of PUD and its complication have changed over the past few decades after the identification of non-steroidal inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and Helicobacter pylori bacterial infection along with a marked increase in the use of proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) as drug therapy. The management of PUD has become more complex and challenging due to antimicrobial resistance.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to highlight current therapy and novel techniques used in the treatment of peptic ulcer diseases.

Methods:
An exhaustive literature search has been conducted across PubMed, Google, Scopus and Web of Science as an electronic database to add the crucial information from the relevant literature.

Results:
In the present review, we have discussed PUD and its pathophysiology. The recent trends in PUD and possible treatments with novel techniques have also been discussed. The type and presence of ulcers cannot be predicted accurately based on symptoms. The available treatment approaches for peptic ulcers based on their clinical presentation and etiology are anti-secretary therapy, endoscopy to reveal ulcers followed by drug therapy, and triple therapy for H pylori infection.

Conclusion:
Thus, the popular and effective methods are very beneficial in controlling PUD. The treatment based on diagnosis is the foremost requirement for ameliorating any disorder. In this article, the emerging techniques and development in the treatment and diagnosis of PUD have been reviewed.
Poloxamer based Urapidil Loaded Chitosan Microparticle in Approach to
Improve the Mechanical Strength by Tensile Strength and Entrapment
Determination
Authors: Nandi Sisir , Roy Harekrishna , Nayak Bhabani Shankar 
Published: March 2022

Background:
The literature review highlighted the issues related to the poor mechanical strength of chitosan-based microparticles. In an attempt to resolve the stated drawback, the microparticles are prepared with a suitable combination of poloxamer-188 (pluronic) and chitosan-based hydrogels.

Objective:
The current study deals with urapidil-loaded chitosan microparticles incorporating chitosan-based hydrogels and small polyanionic electrolytes. The mechanical strength was ascertained by entrapment efficiency and texture analyzer.

Method:
Chitosan-based hydrogels and the combination of poloxamer and further microparticles are prepared by counter-ion aggregation technique in polyanionic electrolyte medium (20 % w/v). During the preparation, poloxamer is incorporated to improve the mechanical strength, which is ascertained in terms of adhesive strength (tensile strength) by texture analyzer and entrapment efficiency. The prepared microparticles are also subjected to micrometric studies, swelling index, surface morphology study, drug-polymer interaction study, and zeta analysis.

Result:
It was observed that there is a remarkable increase in entrapment efficiency (maximum of 78.56 % from SSP4) with the progressive increase in poloxamer-188. In addition to that, adhesive strength was also studied by a texture analyzer for all microparticles. Sodium citrate-based products exhibited superior adhesive strength values compared to sodium sulfate and sodium tripolyphosphate-based and signified the incorporation of poloxamer-188. A significant finding was also recorded for the swelling properties to microenvironmental pH attributed to polyanions. It observed Sodium TPP microparticles continued to swell in phosphate buffer pH 6.8. Zeta value was found to be maximum with -5.2 mV; it could further be improved by adding electrolytes. TPP4 showed a comparatively larger particle size of 8.07 µm. Polydispersity index value ascertained homogenous dispersion of microparticles. SEM study revealed prominent porous surfaces for sodium tripolyphosphate microparticles.

Conclusion:
The study revealed that the addition of poloxamer-188 improved the mechanical strength, identified by entrapment efficiency and texture analysis. SCP4 microparticle was found to be the best formulation among all.
The Intrinsically Disordered Protein: A Literature Landscape
Authors: Choura Mouna , Brini Faiçal , Rebaï Ahmed 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are proteins that lack a predetermined
3D structure and play key cellular functions. IDPs are often involved in diseases and have
been shown to be attractive targets for drug development. The IDPs have been intensively
investigated, revealing important results.

Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate the latest research bibliography since 2010, including the
latest findings, major contributors, institutions, and journals.

Methods:
The bibliographic data were retrieved from PubMed from 2010 to 2020. The data
collected were then analysed by VOSviewer software (version 1.6.11).

Results:
In this study, 4590 publications were retrieved for analysis. They have been published in
579 journals. Over 9683 organisations have contributed to IDP publications, with United States of
America and Russia being in the first place. Human proteins are most studied for their IDP features
and mainly in the context of diseases and drug design.

Conclusion:
This bibliometric study reveals that the trend of publications is increasing year by year.
USA and Russia have contributed the most to the IDP research field. Moreover, it suggests that IDP
research remains a challenging issue that is still open for original contributions and original applications.
Ethnopharmacology and Biological Activities of Aristolochia longa: A Review
Authors: Madani Mustapha , Zinelabidine Hasna , Hafid Abderrafia , Khouili Mostafa , Bouissane Latifa 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
Aristolochia longa is a plant belonging to the genus Aristolochia, family Aristolochiaceae,
whose rhizomes represent the most important part used in the pharmaceutical field mainly due to its
richness in bioactive molecules. Several investigations have shown numerous biological properties,
including antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancer activities. Besides,
many chemical components such as alkaloids, glycosides, phenolic compounds, tannins, flavonoids,
terpenoids, and saponins have been isolated, and their structures have been elucidated. However, Aristolochia
longa is still not investigated. Therefore, more studies should be conducted to discover other
biological activities of Aristolochia longa, as well as those of other species from the same genus, and
identify compounds responsible for these activities.
Adiabatic Shear Failure of Ultrafine Grained Titanium Under Impact
Loading: An in-situ Experimental Study
Authors: Guo Yazhou , Ruan Qichao , Wei Qiuming , Li Yulong 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Ultrafine-grained (UFG) titanium, which is with high yield strength, biocompatibility and corrosion resistance, is widely used in biomedical and industrial applications. However, adiabatic shear localization (ASL) is often observed in UFG materials due to their worse deformation stability under impact loading. This instability will easily result in formation of adiabatic shear bands (ASB), a narrow band located in the ASL zoom, and finally cause the fracture of material. The main objective of this work is to study the adiabatic shear behavior of UFG titanium under impact loading, including macro- and micro-properties, temperature rise, ASB failure, etc.

Methods:
A synchronization apparatus, which consisted of Kolsky bar system, high-speed camera system and high-speed infrared temperature measuring system, was set up to carry out the in-situ study of the mechanical properties, temperature rise, and adiabatic shear failure process of UFG pure titanium. Microstructure of the material was also analyzed in this work.

Results:
The critical strain of UFG pure titanium for adiabatic shear localization is about 0.37 and 0.69 for UFG Ti and CG Ti, respectively. The peak shear stress of UFG Ti is 500MPa. The propagation velocity of ASB in UFG titanium is 533~800m/s, and 160~320m/s for CG Ti. The temperature rsie within ASB of UFG titanium is 307~732℃, and 212-556℃ for CG Ti. The intense temperature rise is after the peak stress and the initiation of ASB most of the time.

Conclusion:
UFG Ti has good mechanical properties, however, it is easier to form ASB and cause adiabatic shear failure under impact loading when compared with CG Ti. Temperature rise may not play a major role in the formation of ASB in UFG Ti, but may be the consequence of ASB. Results of this work will help researchers better understand the failure of UFG metals under impact loading.