bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined isobutyryl‐CoA and multiple acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase deficiency in a boy with altered riboflavin homeostasis
Authors: Tummolo Albina , Leone Piero , Tolomeo Maria , Solito Rita , Mattiuzzo Matteo , Lepri Francesca Romana , Lorè Tania , Cardinali Roberta , De Giovanni Donatella , Simonetti Simonetta , Barile Maria 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this report, we describe the case of an 11‐year‐old boy, who came to our attention for myalgia and muscle weakness, associated with inappetence and vomiting. Hypertransaminasemia was also noted, with ultrasound evidence of hepatomegaly. Biochemical investigations revealed acylcarnitine and organic acid profiles resembling those seen in MADD, that is, multiple acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase deficiencies (OMIM #231680) a rare inherited disorder of fatty acids, amino acids, and choline metabolism. The patient carried a single pathogenetic variant in the ETFDH gene (c.524G>A, p.Arg175His) and no pathogenetic variant in the riboflavin (Rf) homeostasis related genes (SLC52A1, SLC52A2, SLC52A3, SLC25A32, FLAD1). Instead, compound heterozygosity was found in the ACAD8 gene (c.512C>G, p.Ser171Cys; c.822C>A, p.Asn274Lys), coding for isobutyryl‐CoA dehydrogenase (IBD), whose pathogenic variants are associated to IBD deficiency (OMIM #611283), a rare autosomal recessive disorder of valine catabolism. The c.822C>A was never previously described in a patient. Subsequent further analyses of Rf homeostasis showed reduced levels of flavins in plasma and altered FAD‐dependent enzymatic activities in erythrocytes, as well as a significant reduction in the level of the plasma membrane Rf transporter 2 in erythrocytes. The observed Rf/flavin scarcity in this patient, possibly associated with a decreased ETF:QO efficiency might be responsible for the observed MADD‐like phenotype. The patient's clinical picture improved after supplementation of Rf, l‐carnitine, Coenzyme Q10, and also 3OH‐butyrate. This report demonstrates that, even in the absence of genetic defects in genes involved in Rf homeostasis, further targeted molecular analysis may reveal secondary and possibly treatable biochemical alterations in this pattern.
New Cluster Analysis Method for Quantitative Dynamic Contrast‐Enhanced MRI Assessing Tumor Heterogeneity Induced by a Tumor‐Microenvironmental Ameliorator (E7130) Treatment to a Breast Cancer Mouse Model
Authors: Makihara Kazuyuki , Yamaguchi Masayuki , Ito Ken , Sakaguchi Kazuya , Hori Yusaku , Semba Taro , Funahashi Yasuhiro , Fujii Hirofumi , Terada Yasuhiko 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundDynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE‐MRI) can provide insight into tumor perfusion. However, a method that can quantitatively measure the intra‐tumor distribution of tumor voxel clusters with a distinct range of Ktrans and ve values remains insufficiently explored.HypothesisTwo‐dimensional cluster analysis may quantify the distribution of a tumor voxel subregion with a distinct range of Ktrans and ve values in human breast cancer xenografts.Study TypeProspective longitudinal study.Animal ModelTwenty‐two female athymic nude mice with MCF‐7 xenograft, treated with E7130, a tumor‐microenvironmental ameliorator, or saline.Field Strength/Sequence9.4 Tesla, turbo rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement, and spoiled gradient‐echo sequences.AssessmentWe performed two‐dimensional k‐means clustering to identify tumor voxel clusters with a distinct range of Ktrans and ve values on Days 0, 2, and 5 after treatment, calculated the ratio of the number of tumor voxels in each cluster to the total number of tumor voxels, and measured the normalized distances defined as the ratio of the distance between each tumor voxel and the nearest tumor margin to a tumor radius.Statistical TestsUnpaired t‐tests, Dunnett's multiple comparison tests, and Chi‐squared test were used.ResultsThe largest and second largest clusters constituted 44.4% and 27.5% of all tumor voxels with cluster centroid values of Ktrans at 0.040 min−1 and 0.116 min−1, and ve at 0.131 and 0.201, respectively. At baseline (Day 0), the average normalized distances for the largest and second largest clusters were 0.33 and 0.24, respectively. E7130‐treated group showed the normalized distance of the initial largest cluster decreasing to 0.25, while that of the second largest cluster increasing to 0.31. Saline‐treated group showed no change.Data ConclusionA two‐dimensional cluster analysis might quantify the spatial distribution of a tumor subregion with a distinct range of Ktrans and ve values.Level of Evidence1Technical EfficacyStage 1
Use of saliva and RT‐PCR screening for SARS‐CoV‐2 variants of concern: Surveillance and monitoring
Authors: Zerbinati Rodrigo Melim , Palmieri Michelle , Schwab Gabriela , Felix Alvina Clara , Martinho Herculano , Giannecchini Simone , To Kelvin Kai‐Wang , Lindoso Jose Angelo Lauletta , Romano Camila Malta , Braz‐Silva Paulo Henrique 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGenomic surveillance has been applied since the beginning of the COVID‐19 pandemic to track the spread of the virus, leading to the characterization of multiple SARS‐CoV‐2 variants, including variants of concern (VOC). Although sequencing is the standard method, a rapid molecular test for screening and surveillance of VOC is considered for detection. Furthermore, using alternative saliva as specimen collection facilitates the implementation of a less invasive, self‐collected sample. In this study, we applied a combinatory strategy of saliva collection and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) for SARS‐CoV‐2 VOC detection. Saliva samples from patients attending a tertiary hospital with suspected COVID‐19 were collected and SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA was detected using SARS‐CoV‐2 RT‐qPCR reagent kit (PerkinElmer). Positive saliva samples were screened for SARS‐CoV‐2 VOC with previously described RT‐PCR for Alpha, Beta, and Gamma variants. Saliva samples were positive in 171 (53%) of 324 tested. A total of 108 (74%) from positive samples were also positive for VOC by RT‐PCR screening. Those samples were found between January and August 2021. This approach allowed us to successfully use an alternative and complementary tool to genomic surveillance to monitor the circulation of SARS‐CoV‐2 VOC in the studied population.
Estimation of the COVID‐19 mean incubation time: Systematic review, meta‐analysis, and sensitivity analysis
Authors: Weng Yijia , Yi Grace Y. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractProviding sensible estimates of the mean incubation time for COVID‐19 is important yet complex. This study aims to provide synthetic estimates of the mean incubation time of COVID‐19 by capitalizing on available estimates reported in the literature and exploring different ways to accommodate heterogeneity involved in the reported studies. Online databases between January 1, 2020 and May 20, 2021 are first searched to obtain estimates of the mean incubation time of COVID‐19, and meta‐analyses are then conducted to generate synthetic estimates. Heterogeneity of the studies is examined via the use of Cochran's statistic and Higgin's & Thompson's statistic, and subgroup analyses are conducted using mixed effects models. The publication bias issue is assessed using the funnel plot and Egger's test. Using all those reported mean incubation estimates for COVID‐19, the synthetic mean incubation time is estimated to be 6.43 days with a 95% confidence interval (CI) [5.90, 6.96], and using all those reported mean incubation estimates together with those transformed median incubation estimates, the estimated mean incubation time is 6.07 days with a 95% CI [5.70, 6.45]. The reported estimates of the mean incubation time of COVID‐19 vary considerably due to multiple reasons, including heterogeneity and publication bias. To alleviate these issues, we take different angles to provide a sensible estimate of the mean incubation time of COVID‐19. Our analyses show that the mean incubation time of COVID‐19 between January 1, 2020 and May 20, 2021 ranges from 5.68 to 8.30 days.
The effect of influenza virus on the metabolism of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with a metabolomics approach
Authors: Karimi Zeinab , Oskouie Afsaneh A. , Rezaei Farhad , Ajaminejad Fatemeh , Marashi Sayed M. , Azad Talat‐Mokhtari 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRespiratory viruses have led to many deaths and hospitalizations per year in the world. The influenza virus is one of the most important respiratory viruses. Recently, metabolic studies in viral infections have been widely studied by scientists. Metabolomics states the metabolites present in a living organism under certain conditions. In this study, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were spinoculated using a virus produced by the Madin‐Darby canine kidney cell culture system, and cells were harvested following spinoculation by the influenza virus. Isolation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells was performed by Ficoll‐Paque density gradient centrifugation. Metabolites were extracted using organic and water approaches. Metabolic profiling was performed by a nontargeted technique using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Multivariate analysis methods were used to determine the main variables. the metabolic pathways involved were determined using databases. Results of the present study showed changes in biosynthesis pathways such as lipids, polyamines, catecholamines, and vitamins. Findings also showed that it is possible to explain the process of inflammation caused by the influenza virus by studying the metabolism of immune cells.
Evaluation of automated radiostereometric image registration in total knee arthroplasty utilizing a synthetic‐based and a CT‐based volumetric model
Authors: Petersen Emil Toft , Vind Tobias Dahl , Jürgens‐Lahnstein Jonathan Hugo , Christensen Rasmus , de Raedt Sepp , Brüel Annemarie , Rytter Søren , Andersen Michael Skipper , Stilling Maiken 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRadiostereometic analysis (RSA) is an accurate method for rigid body pose (position and orientation) in three‐dimensional space. Traditionally, RSA is based on insertion of periprosthetic tantalum markers and manual implant contour selection which limit clinically application. We propose an automated image registration technique utilizing digitally reconstructed radiographs (DRR) of computed tomography (CT) volumetric bone models (autorsa‐bone) as a substitute for tantalum markers. Furthermore, an automated synthetic volumetric representation of total knee arthroplasty implant models (autorsa‐volume) to improve previous silhouette‐projection methods (autorsa‐surface). As reference, we investigated the accuracy of implanted tantalum markers (marker) or a conventional manually contour‐based method (mbrsa) for the femur and tibia. The data are presented as mean (standard deviation). The autorsa‐bone method displayed similar accuracy of −0.013 (0.075) mm compared to the gold standard method (marker) of −0.013 (0.085). The autorsa‐volume with 0.034 (0.106) mm did not markedly improve the autorsa‐surface with 0.002 (0.129) mm, and none of these reached the mbrsa method of −0.009 (0.094) mm. In conclusion, marker‐free RSA is feasible with similar accuracy as gold standard utilizing DRR and CT obtained volumetric bone models. Furthermore, utilizing synthetic generated volumetric implant models could not improve the silhouette‐based method. However, with a slight loss of accuracy the autorsa methods provide a feasible automated alternative to the semi‐automated method.
Recent advances of octenyl succinic anhydride modified polysaccharides as wall materials for nano‐encapsulation of hydrophobic bioactive compounds
Authors: Zhao Li , Tong Qunyi , Geng Ziwei , Liu Yutong , Yin Lichen , Xu Wentian , Rehman Abdur 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPolysaccharides can be esterified with octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) to form derivatives with amphiphilic properties. The general preparation methods of OSA–polysaccharides are described, especially the aqueous method. The new hydrophobic groups introduced result in OSA–polysaccharides showing higher interfacial properties, better emulsifying stability, higher viscosity, and lower digestibility. There have been advances in the development of OSA–polysaccharides‐based nano‐encapsulation systems for hydrophobic bioactive compounds in recent years. Nano‐encapsulation systems are formed through nanoemulsions, nanocapsules, nanoparticles, micelles, vesicles, molecular inclusion complexes, and so on. This review aims to describe the preparation methods, the structure characterizations, and the physicochemical properties of OSA–polysaccharides as encapsulating agents. In addition, the focus is on the different nano‐encapsulation systems based on OSA–polysaccharides as wall materials. Future perspectives will concern OSA–polysaccharides‐based nano‐encapsulation systems with optimized functional properties for providing higher bioavailability and targeted delivery of various hydrophobic bioactive compounds. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Influence of the sentinel node outcome analysed by one‐step nucleic acid amplification on the risk for postmastectomy radiation therapy and the scheduling of immediate breast reconstruction
Authors: van Haaren Elisabeth R. M. , Spiekerman van Weezelenburg Merel A. , Poodt Ingrid G. M. , Feijen Michelle M. W. , Janssen Alfred , van Bastelaar James , Vissers Yvonne L. J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn patients with cT1‐T3N0 breast cancer, postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) is considered a contraindication for immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) due to a high risk of complications. The sentinel node biopsy (SNB) is an important determinant for PMRT. In this study, we evaluated the impact of SNB outcome on the planning of IBR after mastectomy.MethodsData of patients undergoing mastectomy and SNB in Zuyderland Medical Centre between 2016 and 2019 were retrospectively analysed. Perioperative factors influencing the planning of IBR and SNB results assessed by the intraoperative one‐step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA) were registered.ResultsOf 397 patients, 169 opted for IBR. One hundred and seven IBRs were performed: 101 tissue expanders, 5 deep inferior epigastric perforator flaps and 1 latissimus dorsi flap. Eighteen patients (18/107) had macrometastases in the SNB, in six of them IBR was cancelled due to the indication for PMRT (33%). In the other 12 patients IBR was executed as planned. A delayed reconstruction was performed in 59 patients.ConclusionIn breast cancer patients undergoing mastectomy with macrometastases in the SNB, IBR was postponed in 33% due to risk on PMRT. To predict this risk, we advise to acknowledge the SNB outcome by using OSNA before proceeding to IBR.
Research method of rapid determination of chiral pesticide fenpropathrin enantiomers in fruit and vegetable puree by supercritical fluid chromatography
Authors: Zhang Wen‐hua , Xu Dun‐ming , Hou Jian‐bo , Zhang Ya‐qin , Zhu Ze‐long , Mao Ren‐yi , Qiu Hui , Xie Wen , Shen Wei‐jian , Yi Xiong‐hai 
Published: May 2022

A method is first established for the separation and determination of fenpropathrin enantiomer residues in apple puree, strawberry puree, and tomato puree considered a supplementary food for infants by supercritical fluid chromatography. After the sample was extracted with acetonitrile and cleaned up by a solid‐phase extraction column, then it was separated by a CHIRALPAK AD‐3 chiral column with gradient elution at a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min using methanol and supercritical carbon dioxide as the mobile phase, detected by ultraviolet detector at 230 nm wavelength and quantified with the external standard method. The limits of quantification of the two fenpropathrin enantiomers were both 0.2 mg/kg, the linear ranges were 1.0–20.0 mg/L with linear correlation coefficients greater than 0.9992, the recoveries in the spiked samples at 0.2, 0.4 and 2.0 mg/kg were from 80.6 to 105%, and the relative standard deviation reached 2.6–7.7%. This method has the advantages of convenient operation, good resolution, and environmental protection, which can satisfy the requirement of determination for fenpropathrin enantiomer residues in fruit and vegetable puree as supplementary food for infants.
Curtailment and acoustic deterrents reduce bat mortality at wind farms
Authors: Good Rhett E. , Iskali Goniela , Lombardi John , McDonald Trent , Dubridge Karl , Azeka Michael , Tredennick Andrew 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe impacts of wind energy on bat populations is a growing concern because wind turbine blades can strike and kill bats, and wind turbine development is increasing. We tested the effectiveness of 2 management actions at 2 wind‐energy facilities for reducing bat fatalities: curtailing turbine operation when wind speeds were <5.0 m/second and combining curtailment with an acoustic bat deterrent developed by NRG Systems. We measured the effectiveness of the management actions using differences in counts of bat carcasses quantified by daily and twice‐per‐week standardized carcass searches of cleared plots below turbines, and field trials that estimated searcher efficiency and carcass persistence. We studied turbines located at 2 adjacent wind‐energy facilities in northeast Illinois, USA, during fall migration (1 Aug–15 Oct) in 2018. We estimated the effectiveness of each management action using a generalized linear mixed‐effects model with several covariates. Curtailment alone reduced overall bat mortality by 42.5% but did not reduce silver‐haired bat (Lasionycteris noctivagans) mortality. Overall bat fatality rates were 66.9% lower at curtailed turbines with acoustic deterrents compared to turbines that operated at manufacturer cut‐in speed. Curtailment and the deterrent reduced bat mortality to varying degrees between species, ranging from 58.1% for eastern red bats (Lasiurus borealis) to 94.4 for big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus). Hoary (Lasiurus cinereus) and silver‐haired bat mortality was reduced by 71.4% and 71.6%, respectively. Our study lacked a deterrent‐only treatment group because of the expense of acoustic deterrents. We estimated the additional reduction in mortality with concurrent deployment of the acoustic deterrent and curtailment under the assumption that curtailment and the acoustic deterrent would have reduced mortality by the same percentage at adjacent wind‐energy facilities. Acoustic deterrents resulted in 31.6%, 17.4%, and 66.7% additional reductions of bat mortality compared to curtailment alone for eastern red bat, hoary bat, and silver‐haired bat, respectively. The effectiveness of acoustic deterrents for reducing bat mortality at turbines with rotor‐swept area diameters >110 m is unknown because high frequency sound attenuates quickly, which reduces coverage of rotor‐swept areas. Management actions should consider species differences in the ability of curtailment and deterrents to reduce bat mortality and increase energy production.
Rate constants for the reaction of SO with NO2 over the temperature range 220–960 K
Authors: Bedjanian Yuri 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe kinetics of the reaction of SO radicals with NO2 have been studied in a discharge flow reactor combined with an electron impact ionization quadrupole mass spectrometer at nearly 2 Torr total pressure of helium and in the temperature range 220–960 K. The reaction rate constant was determined under pseudo‐first order conditions in excess of NO2 over SO using two different methods for generation of the SO radicals: k1 = (6.7 ± 0.2) × 10−12 exp(295 ± 10)/T) cm3 molecule−1 s−1 (the uncertainties represent precision at the 2σ level, the estimated total uncertainty on the rate constant being 15% at all temperatures). The present measurements indicate that the current recommendations for k1 underestimate the rate constant at low stratospheric temperatures and overestimate it at the high temperatures characteristic of combustion.
Characteristics of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo in Young Children
Authors: Wang Alicia , Zhou Guangwei , Brodsky Jacob R. 
Published: May 2022

ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the clinical characteristics of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) in young children.Study DesignRetrospective case review.MethodsAll children <10 years old that have been diagnosed with BPPV at our pediatric vestibular program between December 2012–July 2021 were selected. Clinical features were identified by medical record review, including demographics, comorbidities, canal involvement, response to treatment, and incidence of recurrence.ResultsA total of 34 children were diagnosed with BPPV with a mean age of 7.9 years old (SD ± 1/7; range 5–9) at the time of diagnosis and a male:female ratio of 1:1. Involved semicircular canals included posterior in 82% (n = 28), horizontal in 41% (n = 14), and superior in 24% (n = 8) of patients, respectively. Comorbid diagnoses included migraine (n = 14), concussion (n = 10), acute vestibular syndrome (n = 4), and persistent postural perceptual dizziness (n = 6). Recurrence with initially confirmed resolution occurred in 10 patients (29%) with a mean of 2.5 recurrences per patient (SD: 2.2; range 1–8). A family history of vertigo or migraine was identified in 11 and 17 patients, respectively.ConclusionsBPPV is a cause of vertigo in children that may be overlooked. A relatively high proportion of patients demonstrated horizontal or superior canal involvement, recurrence, and additional comorbid causes of dizziness. Thus, providers evaluating young children with dizziness should perform diagnostic maneuvers to evaluate BPPV of all semicircular canals and continue to monitor children after successful treatment for recurrence.Level of Evidence4, Case Series Laryngoscope, 133:694–699, 2023
Augmented Reality Enabled by On‐Chip Meta‐Holography Multiplexing
Authors: Shi Yangyang , Wan Chengwei , Dai Chenjie , Wang Zejing , Wan Shuai , Zheng Guoxing , Zhang Shuang , Li Zhongyang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe exploit of on‐chip metasurfaces with full optical controllability and multiplexing capability holds great promise for photonic integration circuits (PIC). Despite previous endeavors in metasurfaces controlling guided waves, it still faces critical challenges to realize practical display applications, for instance, augmented reality (AR). Here, a new type of AR based on multiplexed on‐chip meta‐holography is proposed and experimentally demonstrated by integrating judiciously engineered meta‐atoms above waveguide. Through hybridizing detour and Pancharatnam–Berry phases, on‐chip metasurfaces can independently manipulate both guided waves and free‐space light to enable a triple‐channel holography‐multiplexing with independent‐encoding freedom. Eventually, an RGB‐coloring AR hologram free from zero‐order diffraction that can project virtual images into a real‐world environment is realized, showcasing its significant potential for wearable devices (glasses or contact lens) integration. This study finds a feasible route toward multifunctional PIC devices and applications in wearable AR displays, imaging multiplexing, information storage, etc.