bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FORMULASI SIRUP ANTIDIARE EKSTRAK ETHANOL BUAH HARENDONG (Melastoma malabathricum L.) DENGANGELATIN DAN NATRIUM CARBOXYMETHIL CELULLOSE SEBAGAI PENGENTAL
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Maesaroh Imas 
Published: January 2022

Ekstrak etanol 96% buah harendong 50% telah terbukti memiliki efektivitas antidiare. Salah satu untuk memudahkan penggunaan maka di buat sediaan sirup. Gelatin dan natriumCarboxymethilcelullose digunakan sebagai pengental untuk meningkatkan viskositas sirup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi formula sirup antidiare ekstrak etanol buah harendong (Melastoma malabathricum L.) dengan variasi gelatin dan natrium carboxymethilcellulosa sebagai pengental yang paling baik secara sifat fisika (uji organoleptis, uji homogenitas, uji bobot jenis, dan uji viskositas) dan sifat kimia (uji pH). F1 menggunakan pengental gelatin 3%, F2 menggunakan natrium carboxymethilcelullose 0,3%, F3 menggunakan pengental gelatin 2% dan natrium carboxymethilcelullose 0,2%. Hasil penelitian uji organoleptis ketiga formula tersebut yaitu warna ungu pekat, memiliki bau khas buah harendong, dan rasa manis. Hasil uji homogenitas yaitu F1 tidak homogen, F2 homogen dan F3 tidak omogen. Hasil bobot jenis yang di peroleh yaitu F1 1,071 g/ml, F2 1,021 g/ml, F3 1,046 g/ml. Hasil uji viskositas yang paling tinggi adalah F3 dengan hasil 13,49 cps dibanding F1 dengan hasil 11,24 cps, dan F2 11,18 cps. Hasil dari uji pH F1, F2, dan F3 yaitu pH 5. Konsentrasi formula yang terbaik yaitu F3, meskipun belum memenuhi standar yang ditentukan, tetapi hasil uji secara sifat fisika dan sifat kimia dari F3 ini mendekati dari standar ketentuan.
FORMULASI FACEMIST EKSTRAK ETANOL BUAH BENGKUANG (Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PEWARNA ALAMI SAFFRON (Crocus sativus L.)
Authors: Herliningsih Herliningsih , Anggraini Novia 
Published: January 2022

Bengkuang (Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb) adalah umbi yang memiliki kandungan zat yang bermanfaat meliputi antioksidan, vitamin C, air, antibakteri dan flavonoid. Flavonoid merupakan tabir surya alami untuk mencegah kerusakan kulit akibat radikal bebas. Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) merupakan rempah - rempah yang termahal di dunia dengan rasa khas paitnya. Saffron digunakan sebagai pewarna alami yang berasal dari crocetin, glucosyl esters, dan the crocins. Saffron mengandung crocin yaitu salah satu bahan pewarna karotenoid yang membuat warna kuning keemasan. Facemist termasuk ke dalam kosmetik penyegar kulit (freshner). Fungsi utama penyegar adalah menyegarkan kulit wajah, mengangkat sisa minyak dari kulit yang dimungkinkan masih ada, serta desinfektan ringan dan sekaligus dapat membantu menutup pori-pori kembali. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memformulasikan ekstrak etanol buah bengkuang dengan menggunakan pewarna alami saffron dan dilakukan uji evaluasi meliputi uji organoleptik, uji pH, uji bobot jenis, uji daya sebar semprot, uji kondisi semprotan dan uji waktu kering sehingga dapat diketahui konsentrasi sediaan facemist yang baik. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan yaitu eksperimental dilaboratorium dengan membuat 5 formulasi yang terdiri dari F0 sebagai basis facemist, F1 dengan konsentrasi ekstrak etanol buah bengkuang sebesar 1 g, F2 3 g, F3 5 g, dan F4 7 g. Dari hasil uji evaluasi sediaan F4 merupakan formula yang paling baik.
UJI KANDUNGAN VITAMIN A TANAMAN WORTEL (Daucus Corata L.) DI DESA NGABAB KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Sekti Beta Herilla , Aprilianti Rakhmadani Gadis , Wijiastini Susi 
Published: January 2022

Carrot plant (Daucus carota L.) is a type of vegetable that contains lots of vitamin A and is very much needed by the body to help regulate or metabolic processes in the body. The research design used in this study was experimental, the population and sample were carrots from Ngabab village aged 3-3.5 months, using purposive sampling technique. The results of the qualitative analysis showed that there were orange spots with an Rf value of 0.64 in the carrot extract and the beta-carotene comparison standard. The results of the quantitative analysis showed that the average level of vitamin A in carrots was 49.7% with an absorbance of 0.649.
Keywords: Visible Spectrophotometry, Vitamin A, Carrot.
Bokmeldinger
Authors: Eidsvåg Gunnar Magnus , G. Håkonseth Asbjørn , Håstein Hallvard 
Published: January 2022

Kristin Johansen Horrigmo og Kristine Toft Rosland (red.). Fagdidaktikk for SRLE: Barnehagens fagområder, kunnskapsgrunnlag og arbeidsmåter. Cappelen Damm Akademisk, 2021.
Kjartan Belseth og Geir Winje. Religioner og hverdagspluralisme i barnehagen. Cappelen Damm Akademisk, 2021.
Anmeldt av Gunnar Magnus Eidsvåg

Caroline Klintborg. Vägen är allt. En introduktion till religionspedagogik för den kristna församlingen. Argument Förlag, 2021.
Anmeldt av Asbjørn G. Håkonseth

Markus Lindholm. Nysgjerrighet. Dybdelæring i informasjonssamfunnet. Universitetsforlaget, 2021.
Anmeldt av Hallvard Håstein
Fenologia de <i>Lafoensia pacari</i> St. Hill. em duas fitofisionomias do Cerrado Mato-Grossense
Authors: Bilio Reinaldo Souza , Coelho Maria de Fátima Barbosa , Camili Elisângela Clarete , Pirani Flávia Richelli , Silva Simone Santos 
Published: January 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a fenologia de Lafoensia pacari St. Hill. em duas áreas de Cerrado Mato-Grossense que se distinguem pela fitofisionomia: Cerradão e Cerrado sentido restrito, entre fevereiro de 2015 a janeiro de 2017, utilizando o índice Fournier. Correlacionaram-se as fenofases queda de folhas, brotação, floração e frutificação, com as variáveis ambientais: temperaturas máxima e mínima, umidade relativa e precipitação. A queda foliar ocorreu nos meses de julho e agosto de 2015, com 80 e 84%, e em 2016 entre agosto e setembro com 92 e 88% nas áreas 1 e 2, respectivamente. A queda das folhas se intensificou no auge do período de seca nas duas áreas. A brotação se iniciou no período chuvoso nas duas áreas. Botões florais foram observados no final do período chuvoso e por todo o período seco nas áreas 1e 2, entre os meses de maio a julho de 2015. Em 2016, os botões florais foram observados de abril a agosto na área 1 e em março na área 2. Na área 1, o pico de intensidade dos botões florais ocorreu em junho de 2015 e em maio de 2016, com 14 e 25%, respectivamente. O índice de intensidade de botões foi inferior a 2% na área 2. O pico de intensidade da antese na área 1 ocorreu em maio de 2015 e em junho de 2016, com 9 e 17%, respectivamente. O índice de intensidade de floração atingiu valores inferiores a 2% na área 2. O índice de intensidade de frutos imaturos e maduros apresentou valores inferiores a 8 e 5%, respectivamente, na área 1. Na área 2, não foi observado o processo de frutificação. Lafoensia pacari apresentou intensa senescência das folhas no auge do período seco. Os indivíduos da área de Cerradão apresentaram maior desempenho, principalmente das fenofases reprodutivas.
As políticas do medo: o significado dos discursos da extrema-direita populista
Authors: Lacerda Igor 
Published: January 2022

Neste livro, por meio de uma perspectiva histórico-discursiva, é analisada a trajetória de partidos/políticos populistas de direita na Europa e nos Estados Unidos de 1980 a 2013, bem como suas retóricas racistas, xenofóbicas, nacionalistas e antissemitas. Nos EUA, foi estudado o Partido Republicano, mais especificamente o Tea Party – um grupo conservador formado por republicanos que defendem políticas fiscais ultraliberais e a interpretação da constituição segundo as perspectivas e os preconceitos de 1787, quando foi criada – ato que não levaria em consideração as lutas por direitos de LGBT+, negros, mulheres, judeus e outros grupos, que eram negligenciados no período. Estima-se que 10% dos norte-americanos façam parte desse movimento, segundo a autora. Na Europa, ela estuda partidos como UK Indenpendence Party (Reino Unido); British National Party (Reino Unido); Freedom Party of Austria (Austria); Front National (França); Lega Nord (Itália); Alleanza Nazionale (Itália); Five Star Movement (Itália) e Forza Italia (Itália). Mesmo estando em diferentes países, todos esses partidos são anti-imigração e defendem cortes significativos nas políticas públicas de imigração legal, assim como a superioridade de pessoas caucasianas, heterossexuais/cisgêneras e não pobres.
Sixteenth-century tomatoes in Europe: who saw them, what they looked like, and where they came from
Authors: van Andel Tinde , Vos Rutger A. , Michels Ewout , Stefanaki Anastasia 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundSoon after the Spanish conquest of the Americas, the first tomatoes were presented as curiosities to the European elite and drew the attention of sixteenth-century Italian naturalists. Despite of their scientific interest in this New World crop, most Renaissance botanists did not specify where these ‘golden apples’ or ‘pomi d’oro’ came from. The debate on the first European tomatoes and their origin is often hindered by erroneous dating, botanical misidentifications and inaccessible historical sources. The discovery of a tomato specimen in the sixteenth-century ‘En Tibi herbarium’ kept at Leiden, the Netherlands, triggered research on its geographical provenance and morphological comparison to other tomato specimens and illustrations from the same time period.MethodsRecent digitization efforts greatly facilitate research on historic botanical sources. Here we provide an overview of the ten remaining sixteenth-century tomato specimens, early descriptions and 13 illustrations. Several were never published before, revealing what these tomatoes looked like, who saw them, and where they came from. We compare our historical findings with recent molecular research on the chloroplast and nuclear DNA of the ‘En Tibi’ specimen.ResultsOur survey shows that the earliest tomatoes in Europe came in a much wider variety of colors, shapes and sizes than previously thought, with both simple and fasciated flowers, round and segmented fruits. Pietro Andrea Matthioli gave the first description of a tomato in 1544, and the oldest specimens were collected by Ulisse Aldrovandi and Francesco Petrollini in c. 1551, possibly from plants grown in the Pisa botanical garden by their teacher Luca Ghini. The oldest tomato illustrations were made in Germany and Switzerland in the early 1550s, but the Flemish Rembert Dodoens published the first image in 1553. The names of early tomatoes in contemporary manuscripts suggest both a Mexican and a Peruvian origin. The ‘En Tibi’ specimen was collected by Petrollini around 1558 and thus is not the oldest extant tomato. Recent molecular research on the ancient nuclear and chloroplast DNA of the En Tibi specimen clearly shows that it was a fully domesticated tomato, and genetically close to three Mexican landraces and two Peruvian specimens that probably also had a Mesoamerican origin. Molecular research on the other sixteenth-century tomato specimens may reveal other patterns of genetic similarity, past selection processes, and geographic origin. Clues on the ‘historic’ taste and pest resistance of the sixteenth-century tomatoes will be difficult to predict from their degraded DNA, but should be rather sought in those landraces in Central and South America that are genetically close to them. The indigenous farmers growing these traditional varieties should be supported to conserve these heirloom varietiesin-situ.
Selected Metal Contents and Phytochemical Profiling of Ficus capreifolia and Mangifera indica Commonly used Antidiabetic Plants from Oil Producing Region of Nigeria
Authors: Gbenenee Tetam, Jack , Owhonda Wegwu, Matthew , Chidinma Ikewuchi, Catherine 
Published: January 2022

Aim: The study evaluated selected metal contents and phytochemicals present in Ficus capreifolia and Mangifera indica extracts commonly used antidiabetic plants from Aluu and Bodo communities in Rivers State, Nigeria.
Place and Duration of Study: University of Port-Harcourt, Choba, Rivers State, Nigeria and its environs was used between June to November, 2020.
Methodology: Composite soil samples and the leaves of Ficus capreifolia and Mangifera indica were collected from Bodo and Aluu communities respectively. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer was employed for the analysis of the metals (Zn, Pb, Ni, Mn, Fe, Cu, As and Cr). The plant extracts were screened for the presence of various phytochemicals using spectrophotometric methods.
Results: Flavonoid, Saponins, Tannins, Alkaloids. Terpenoid, Glycoside and Carotenoid were detected in Ficus carpreifolia obtained from Bodo and Aluu communities while Magnifera indica obtained from both communities has Alkaloids, Phenols, Flavonoids, Saponins and Tannins detected. Metals such as Zn, Pb, Mn, Fe and As were detected at Bodo and Aluu soil samples. Cu, Ni and Cr were below the detectable limit. Zn, Pb and As were above the permissible limit in Bodo soil samples while only As was above the permissible limit in Aluu community. In the plant samples, only Mn was present and was within the permissible limit in plants samples obtained from Bodo and Aluu communities while Zn, Pb, Ni, Fe, Cu, As and Cr were below the detectable limit.
Conclusion: The study shows that Ficus capriefolia and Mangifera indica do not bioaccumulate Fe, Zn, Ni, Pb, As and Cr and this may be attributed to the metal intolerance potential of the plants, hence no fear of metal toxicity when using these plants for medicinal purposes. The presence of saponins, tannins and flavonoid affirmed the hypoglycemic potentials of the plants.
Covid-19 and Routine Vaccination Programme: Did it Affect Badly?
Authors: Abbas Jaigam , Kumar Ashvani , Saif Mohammad , Malhotra Rishabh , Arif Hussain Mohammad 
Published: January 2022

Background: The impact of COVID-19 on general health care delivery systems has been huge including the immunization services. Several measures were taken by most of the government all over the world to prevent the spread of infection such as lockdown, wearing masks, social distancing, etc. People have suffered a lot during the pandemic, not only due to the burden of the disease but have also faced difficulties in other domains of life. One of the important concerns is the interruption of routine immunization services. The consequences of interrupted immunization services may be life-threatening, as chances of outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases (VPD) in susceptible children could be high.
Aim: To find out delay in routine immunization services during covid-19 and also to determine the factors associated with delay in immunization.
Materials and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional hospital-based observational study at Career Institute Of Medical Sciences And Hospital, Lucknow, India. We collected the vaccination record after lockdown from Well-Baby Clinic and telephonically from the parents, starting from 1st June 2020 till 31st December 2020. We checked the records of vaccination of infants to find out delay in the vaccinations, as per the National Immunization Schedule. The records of a total of 265 infants were enrolled. Out of which, 33 did not fit the inclusion criteria and therefore were excluded from this study.
Results: Findings of our study pointed that there was significant delay in routine immunization among infants. The factors responsible for delay in different vaccination observed in this study were, Phobia of COVID-19- 20%, lockdown- 22%, interruption of routine health services-15%, social myths-8%, poor transport facility- 10%, illness of child- 8%, did not notice- 3% and multiple factors- 13%.
Conclusion: COVID -19 pandemic has affected the routine immunization services that results in delay of different vaccines at different ages which may lead to outbreak of vaccine preventable diseases, so it is need of the hour to intervene at the earliest to prevent such outbreaks among children.
Exploring the Relationship between Yield and Yield Attributing Traits in Advanced Breeding Lines of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Mushtaq Danish , Kumar Bupesh , Singh Praveen , Sharma Manmohan , Sheera Ashish 
Published: January 2022

Aim: Present study endeavors to explore the genetic variability for various agro-morphological and quality traits as well as to delineate the association between grain yield and its yield attributing components
Study Design: Randomized Complete Block Design
Place and Duration of Study: Division of Plant Breeding and Genetics, She-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu during kharif 2020.
Methodology: A experiment was carried out to determine the association between grain yield and yield attributing components among advanced breeding lines of rice to establish a well grounded selection criteria for developing rice varieties with improved grain yield. Phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was found to be relatively greater than the genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for most of traits indicating role of environment in the phenotypic expression of traits. Characters viz., plant height, total number of tillers per plant, number of effective tillers per plant, panicle length and grain yield per plant exhibited high heritability coupled with high genetic advance indicating their efficient inheritance from preceding generations.
Results: Association studies indicated that characters viz., Plant height, total number of tillers per plant, number of effective tillers per plant, panicle length, 1000 grain weight and grain yield per plant had a significant positive relationship with grain yield per plot indicating their role in breeding rice varieties for higher grain yield.
Conclusion: Cause and effect relationship revealed that traits viz., days to 50 per cent flowering, total number of tillers per plant, days to maturity, panicle length and grain yield per plant can be exploited for indirect selection for improving grain yield.
Association between Antidiabtic Medications and Worsening of Parkinson’s Symptoms: A Case Report
Authors: Aldajani Ghaida , Alhossan Abdulaziz 
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most prevalent neurologic disorders, leading to progressive disability; it is characterized by tremors, slow movements, stiffness in arms and legs, and balance impairment; PD symptoms can be slowed but not stopped by treatment such as a combination of Carbidopa/ Levodopa. Although it's widely used for PD, it risks dyskinesia, orthostatic hypotension, and dizziness. The prevalence of PD in Saudi Arabia has been estimated to be 27 per 100,000 populations, and the occurrence of PD in the U.S. is approximately 20 cases per 100,000 people per year.
Case presentation: A 61 years old male presented with worsening PD symptoms, especially dysarthria symptom; he had a history of diabetes with A1C of 8.5%, on metformin, insulin glargine, liraglutide, and linagliptin, with good adherence, and he had a history of Parkinson on levodopa/carbidopa. Even there are no known drug-drug interactions between antidiabetic medication and levodopa/ carbidopa, he reported that coadministration of antidiabetic medications with levodopa/carbidopa cause PD symptoms worsening, especially dysarthria worsening. This drug-drug interaction was noticed when the patient tried to stop all of his antidiabetic medication except insulin mixtard, when he noticed dysarthria symptoms improved. He is currently on insulin mixtard for diabetes with an A1C of 6.7%.
Conclusion: Unintentional drug-drug interaction poses a challenge to the healthcare provider, so this report highlights the importance of adverse drug-drug interaction of antidiabetic with levodopa/carbidopa, its presentation, and management.
A Rare Case of Adult-onset Still's Disease Revealed by Acute Myopericarditis
Authors: El-Adaoui A. , Benmalek R. , Choukrani H. , Errami A. , Habbal R. 
Published: January 2022

Background: Still's disease in adults is a systemic inflammatory pathology of unknown aetiology, characterized by clinical manifestations associating feverish peaks, arthritis or arthtralgia, transient rashes and hyperferritinemia.
Currently, this disease remains a multisystemic disease with generally poor outcome, poorly described in the literature with very few studies unlike other rheumatic diseases, probably underdiagnosed due to its clinical polymorphism.
Cardiac forms are quite rare and among the manifestations described, pericarditis remains the most reported entity, myocardial involvement is exceptional.
The aim of our observation is to report an exceptional case of discovery of stille disease following a myo-pericarditis mimicking a coronary Sd initially.
Transmitted HIV-1 Drug-resistance Mutations among Newly Diagnosed Patients of the North Western Region of Cameroon
Authors: Abongwa Lem Edith , Torimiro Judith Ndongo , Nyamache Anthony Kebira , Okemo Paul , Tchapda Laure Arlette , Clauvis Yengo , Désire Takou , Charles Fokunang 
Published: January 2022

Background: First line antiretroviral treatment (ART) regimens in Cameroon comprises of reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTIs). As ART continues to expand, the emergence of HIV drug resistance mutations (DRMs) is a challenging problem. The ongoing scale up of ART in Cameroon has prompted the interest in surveillance of transmitted drug resistance (TDR). The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of TDR among drug naïve individuals residing in the North West Region (NWR) of Cameroon.
Methods: Ethics approval was obtained from the National Ethics Committee of Cameroon and patients informed consents were obtained. A total of 81 HIV-1 infected and drug naïve patients were recruited from randomly selected clinics located in the NWR of Cameroon from February 2016 and April 2016. HIV-1 protease-reverse transcriptase region was sequenced using an in-house protocol. HIV drug resistance mutations were identified and analyzed using Stanford HIVDR database and the Calibrated Population Resistance (CPR) tools. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23.
Results: Of the 81 samples analyzed, the prevalence of TDR was 11.1% (9/81). Of these 9.9% (8/81) had drug resistance mutations to nucleoside and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs and NNRTIs) and a single individual (1.2%) with protease inhibitors. A total of 8.6 % (7/81), 4.9(4/81), and 3.7 % (3/81) individuals had a major mutation to NRTIs, NNRTIs, and both NRTIs and NNRTIs respectively. Thymidine analogue mutations [TAM] (M41ML, D67N, K70T/R, T215TA/F, and K219Q) were detected in five individuals. The most frequent NRTI and NNRTI DRMs were K219Q (n=2) and E138A (n=2) respectively. Mutations associated with NRTIs were TAM and M184MV; NNRTIs were A98G, K103N, V108I, V179E, and Y181C and I54IFV for PI. CPR tool revealed a 4.9% (4/81) prevalence with the following single mutations K103N D67N, K70R, M184V, T215F, K219Q.The difference between two methods was statistically significant p=0.0001. These mutations confer resistance to all NRTIs and NNRTIs drugs.
Conclusions: Although moderate transmitted drug resistance (11.1%) levels were detected in this study, this calls for routine drug resistance surveillance among patients on ART. This will ensure relative maintenance of low viral suppression amongst HIV patients.