bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Life Cycle and Cost Assessment of CO2 Assisted Hard Turning of AISI 52100 in Comparison to Conventional Cooling Techniques
Authors: Llanos Iñigo , Urresti Iker , Bilbatua David , Zelaieta Oier 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe use of cryogenic CO2 as a cutting fluid is a promising sustainable manufacturing technology capable of substituting oil-based emulsions during hard turning, showing a significant potential for both productivity improvement and environmental impact reduction. While previous works have focused on the assessment of the technical impact of the cryogenic CO2 on the process and quality performance, the present paper faces the evaluation of both the environmental and economic impact of this manufacturing technique. By the application of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology and Return-on-Investment (ROI) calculations for different manufacturing scenarios, the environmental and economic performance of the cryogenic CO2 cooling technique is evaluated in comparison to conventional cooling. Results indicate that the application of the cryogenic cooling can be successful depending on the manufacturing scenario. The performed analysis shows the possibility to identify the cases where the use of cryogenic CO2 would outperform conventional cooling strategies, proving a valuable methodology for minimizing the environmental impact and ensuring the cost effectiveness during the design phase of industrial turn-key projects for hard-turning operations.
Digital Product Passports for Light Electric Vehicles
Authors: Boßung Nora , Severengiz Semih 
Published: January 2025

AbstractRapid population growth and urbanization pose significant challenges to transportation systems and vehicle technology. Expansion of the existing routes alone is inadequate to tackle the problem. To address environmental and health concerns, sustainable structures are necessary. This has led to a growing demand for Light Electric Vehicles (LEVs), which include electrically powered “micromobility.” The Digital Product Passport (DPP), first researched in electric vehicle batteries, has potential for broader sustainable usage. This concept digitizes product life cycles, improves supply chain transparency, and aids in material recycling in line with green and digital transformation objectives. This study addresses the absence of complete DPP discussions in the electric mobility field. It combines academic insights with feedback from LEV value chain stakeholders, addressing diverse information needs and opportunities. In assessing the DPP's launch, it centers on criteria such as lessening environmental impact, adhering to regulations, and establishing a circular economy. The outcome is a comprehensive DPP framework for LEVs that outlines crucial details for sustainable and circular value chains. This versatile concept has numerous applications, sparking debates about the potential and implementation of DPPs, especially with regards to current product policies.
Planning Multiproduct Assembly Lines Through a Continuous-Time Model Accounting for Carbon Footprint
Authors: Camussi Nélida B. , Cafaro Diego C. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis work presents an efficient mathematical formulation for the optimal planning of multiproduct assembly lines. The aim is to establish a cyclic production agenda that minimizes the sum of inventory holding and transition costs per unit time. Besides, carbon footprint of assembled products is tracked along the line while optimally determining task times and operating modes. Batch sizing and sequencing in synchronous assembly lines have been typically addressed through discrete-time approaches that imply significant computational burden. In contrast, our novel representation resembles continuous-time pipeline scheduling models that permit to obtain optimal solutions in reasonable times. Results show the capabilities of the optimization approach to solve large instances of the problem, also demonstrating how task times and operating modes can be handled to reduce carbon footprint with no loss of productivity.
Combined Evaluation of Digitalization and Sustainability Maturity of Small and Medium Sized Enterprises
Authors: Münnich Marc , Schönfelder Annabell , Stange Maximilian , Süße Marian , Ihlenfeldt Steffen 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSustainability and digitalization are of high importance for companies to stay competitive and cope with market requirements from internal and external stakeholders. Especially the current changes in reporting standards and frameworks increase pressure to quickly adapt internal processes and acquire the relevant data. In this context, Industry 4.0 (I4.0) is discussed to enable companies to also foster sustainability. But many small and medium sized enterprises (SME) lack of experience and capacity and need support from experienced partners to develop suitable strategies and implement technologies. Appropriate support comprises general guidance through these domains and an evaluation of current and desired state of expertise to choose suitable actions. Maturity models (MM) are well-established to initiate and support the transformation of corporate structures. There are many models available that support digital and sustainable transformation, but almost no models are available that include both dimensions what results in decoupled developments in these domains. Hence, this contribution introduces a combined model for both domains and systematically describes the extension of an existing digitalization MM (DMM) that also considers rebound effects. The MM is tested within an industrial context use case. The results are evaluated and discussed for further development of the model and workflow.
Multi-stage and Multi-technology Forming of Paper for Sustainable Packaging
Authors: Jessen Nicola , Groche Peter 
Published: January 2025

AbstractForming of paperboard enables great design freedom, high productivity and sustainable packaging solutions. The limiting factor in forming processes is the low ductility of the natural fiber material. Not only does this often lead to unwanted cracks, but also to an insufficient control of wrinkle formation. Compared to packaging manufactured from plastics, visual deficiencies have been unavoidable so far. In order to extend the process limits and improve the product appearance, two-stage processes as well as the combination of different forming methods are promising process routes and are therefore discussed in this paper. So far, research in paperboard forming has mainly focused on forming with rigid tools. Recently, forming with active-media is gaining interest. Investigations of process combinations of active-media based forming followed by deep drawing show that both maximum forming depth as well as the wrinkle compression are enhanced. In order to explain the findings scientifically and to develop a numerical model, the materials used have been characterized. Subsequent investigations were carried out numerically and validated experimentally using optical analysis methods. The findings open up new approaches in design and process planning for sustainable, formed packaging.
Method to Simulate the Dynamic Behavior of Micro Ball End Mills
Authors: Globisch Steffen , Friedrich Markus , Döpper Frank 
Published: January 2025

AbstractInstable process behaviour is one of the biggest challenges in micromilling and has a significant impact on tool wear. This leads to reduced workpiece quality and higher scrap. Therefore, it increases the resource and energy consumption. This paper presents a new simulation method and uses the example of a micro ball end mill for machining X37CrMoV5-1 to show how tool deflection and process forces can be determined as a function of individual process parameters and how optimal process kinematics can be achieved. For this purpose, the individual modelling steps are presented and it is explicitly shown how the necessary characteristic values for the simulation can be determined experimentally.
Feasibility Analysis of Carbide Broaching Tools in the Machining of Inconel 718
Authors: Sastoque-Pinilla Leonardo , del Olmo Ander , Tapia Endika , López-Novoa Unai , de Lacalle Luis Norberto López 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBroaching is a highly efficient process for producing high-quality parts with precise dimensions. However, process efficiency alone does not guarantee sustainability. To address this, several key factors need to be considered, including process parameters, machine configuration, material and design of the workpiece, and tool characteristics. Several studies have focused on investigating the sustainability of the broaching process and its environmental impact, but the broaching tool has been less studied, even though it determines the geometric and sur-face quality of the broached grooves. To address this gap in the literature, this study compares the performance of three carbide tools for broaching Inconel 718 under identical machining conditions. The aim is to evaluate the selection of tools that align with the machine and workpiece material conditions to maintain a highly efficient process while improving process sustainability.
Sustainable Cutting Fluid Usage in Bandsawing of Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steel: Surface Integrity Evaluation
Authors: Wolters Kevin , Abdullah Mohammad Sayem Bin , Rangasamy Nithin , Caudill James , Rakurty C. S. , Jawahir I. S. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMetal additive manufacturing (MAM) components often require postprocessing for end applications. Bandsawing is an alternative process established in industry to remove parts from the build plate in wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM). The removal of WAAM components from the build plate by bandsawing shows high potential, especially in the sustainable manufacturing of large-scale MAM parts. This work aims to study the influence of cooling conditions on the surface integrity of band sawed WAAM and conventionally manufactured 316L stainless steel. Sustainable cutting fluid strategies could impact surface integrity and their effectiveness in bandsawing MAM parts. The investigated cooling strategies are compressed air, minimum quantity cooling (MQC), and flood cooling. The surface integrity metrics of the band-sawed surfaces have been evaluated. The work aims to gain a deeper understanding of bandsawing AM components for industrial applications. Overall, the sustainable cutting fluid solution, MQC, has a similar effect on the surface roughness, microstructure, and cutting forces, compared to flood cooling.
Improving Chip Curling with Reduced Amount of Cutting Fluid in Circular Sawing with Internal Coolant Supply
Authors: Menze Christian , Stegmann Jan , Kabelac Stephan , Möhring Hans-Christian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCircular sawing is an important intermediate step in industrial production. Due to the increasing demand for high-performance materials such as titanium alloys, efficient manufacturing for such difficult-to-machine materials is becoming more and more important. Traditionally, large quantities of cutting fluid are supplied to the sawing process by means of flood lubrication. However, the application of cutting fluids is expensive and energy-intensive. Additionally, cutting fluids pollute the environment and are harmful to health. The aim should therefore be to develop resource-saving machining processes and to reduce the need for cutting fluids in a sustainable manner. During sawing, a saw kerf is created which makes it difficult to supply the cutting process with cutting fluid. Chip formation plays an important role in the circular sawing process. This paper shows that by using a transparent kerf, the chip deformation can be studied and evaluated using a high-speed camera. By investigating the chip diameter from the camera recordings, the filling of the saw tooth gullet can be evaluated. As main result of the investigation an internal coolant supply in circular sawing can reduce the volume flow by 50% and improve the chip deformation process at the same time. This allows a sustainable and resource-efficient design of sawing processes.
Effects of Drill Point Geometry on Cutting Forces and Torque When Drilling AA1050
Authors: Simoncelli A. , Buglioni L. , Abate G. , Gayol P. , Sánchez Egea A. J. , Martínez Krahmer D. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractReducing energy consumption in drilling operations is crucial for achieving sustainability goals. A study examined 36 drill bits with different geometries and conditions on AA1050. It assessed thrust forces and torque in two machining conditions (Cmin and Cmax) while considering mesh density, tool geometry, and boundary conditions. The results show that finer mesh models exhibit lower thrust forces, while mass scaling primarily influences torque. The pilot hole configuration decreases force, consistent with experiments. Torque decreases by increasing mesh density, matching with the experimental results. Finally, temperature and chip shape are mesh-dependent, affecting torque and force. As a result, our FEM model effectively predicted thrust force and torque, emphasizing the role of the pilot hole configuration in temperature and plastic strain results.
Sustainable Dry Turning of Aluminum Alloys Using Pulsed High-Pressure Cryogenic Jet Cooling
Authors: Selzam Jan Harald , Enslein Niklas , Gross Daniel , Hanenkamp Nico 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAs well as producing contamination-free parts, dry machining is a sustainable alternative to conventional machining processes using metalworking fluids. Despite these benefits, chip breaking and chip removal are challenges in dry machining processes, particularly when turning ductile materials, which are known for continuous chip formation and therefore long chips. Due to their tendency to become entangled around machine components, these chips have to be removed manually, posing a risk to productivity and operator health. Recent studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of pulsed high-pressure emulsion cooling for chip breaking. This paper aims to transfer these findings to sustainable dry machining and investigates the influence of pulsed high-pressure cryogenic jet cooling on chip breaking and chip removal. Therefore, liquid CO2 at pressures up to 200 bar is used as a cooling medium in turning processes of two aluminum alloys and is applied continuously or pulsed to the machining area. It has been shown that high-pressure cryogenic jet cooling improves chip breaking and chip removal, allowing a wider range of cutting parameters, widening the process window and providing a higher level of sustainability, productivity and safety in dry machining.
Challenges of Low-Carbon Transition of Manufacturing Industry in Developing Countries and Research on the Construction of Green Manufacturing System in China
Authors: Song Yizhi , Yang Benxiao , Liu Xiaqing , Zhang Jianhua , Li Frida , Tong Xinyi , Feldman Jerome 
Published: January 2025

AbstractResource and environmental issues are common challenges faced by mankind, and it is a common choice for global economies to promote green growth and implement a new green deal. Based on the current situation that developing countries are in the stage of high input, high consumption and high emission development, this paper analyzes the challenges of resource and energy efficiency, technology, and environmental impacts, and takes China as an example to study and analyze the background of the establishment of the green manufacturing system, the overall strategic framework and implementation strategy, as well as the effectiveness of the current stage. This can provide a reference model for industrial green low-carbon transition and sustainable manufacturing.
Development of a Pre-treatment Process for EPS-ETICS to Enable a Solvent-Based Recycling
Authors: Lumetzberger Sebastian , Lehner Andreas , Möllnitz Selina , Peer Gernot , Keckeis Stephan , Huisman Roy , Kasinger Laura , Schlund Sebastian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLarge quantities of HBCD-containing Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) had been used in External Thermal Insulation Composite Systems (ETICS) from the 1970s until the flame retardant HBCD was banned in 2016 for being a persistent organic pollutant (POP). According to the Basel Convention, a solvent-based process is the best available technology for POP-containing waste. Such processes are subject to an impurity limit, thus requiring a pre-treatment of the input material. Therefore, a sequence of comminution and sorting technologies was designed and tested with real-life ETICS demolition waste. Three specimens were used as input material. Following an initial analysis, the demolition waste was comminuted, examined, and a sorting technology was selected. The resulting material fractions were weighted and analysed. The lightweight fraction (target: sole EPS) was additionally tested for its purity. The designed process achieved an efficient material disintegration and separation resulting in a purity of the lightweight fraction of up to 93 wt-%. This result represents a major step towards the circularity of EPS via solvent-based recycling.
Spaceship Earth: A Sustainable Manufacturing Game
Authors: Paliwal Shivangi , Gannon Patrick , Lauricella Ethan , Riddett Kyle E. , Badurdeen Fazleena , Elam Anthony 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDeveloping an educational game about sustainable manufacturing can be an effective way to teach people about the importance of sustainable practices in the manufacturing industry. Through educational sustainable manufacturing games, users can learn about the impact of sustainable manufacturing on the environment, along with strategies and techniques that can be used to reduce waste and methods of sustainable production. A minimal number of articles have focused on board game development for sustainable manufacturing, and of the few, most focused on educational simulation of machines/systems, catering to specific profession. This paper chronicles the creation of “Spaceship Earth,” a sustainable manufacturing board game from game design to testing. It explores the entire process of developing an educational game, from game theory to final testing. The game incorporates various elements such as resource management, decision-making, and problem-solving to simulate the real-world challenges faced by manufacturers when implementing sustainable practices. By examining the design of educational games, this paper aims to gain insight into the constraints of engineering education gamification through development of a board game. The paper demonstrates the potential of educational games as a means of promoting sustainability and provides useful framework for designing and developing similar games in the future.
Entanglement dynamics in 2d HCFTs on the curved background: the case of q-Möbius Hamiltonian
Authors: Bai Chen , Miyata Akihiro , Nozaki Masahiro 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We will explore the dynamical property of non-equilibrium phenomena induced by two-dimensional holographic conformal field theory (2d holographic CFT) Hamiltonian on the curved spacetime by studying the time dependence of the entanglement entropy and mutual information. Here, holographic CFT is the CFT having the gravity dual. We will start from the boundary and thermofield double states, evolve the systems in Euclidean time with the Hamiltonian on the curved background, and then evolve them in real-time with the same Hamiltonian. We found that the early- and late-time entanglement structure depends on the curved background, while the entanglement growth does not, and is linear. Furthermore, in the gravity dual for the thermofield double state, this entanglement growth is due to the linear growth of the wormhole, while in the one for the boundary state, it is due to the in-falling of the end of the world brane to the black hole. We discussed the low temperature system can be regarded as the dynamical system induced by the multi-joining quenches. We also discussed the effective description of the high temperature system, called line tension picture.
NuFit-6.0: updated global analysis of three-flavor neutrino oscillations
Authors: Esteban Ivan , Gonzalez-Garcia M. C. , Maltoni Michele , Martinez-Soler Ivan , Pinheiro João Paulo , Schwetz Thomas 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We present an updated global analysis of neutrino oscillation data as of September 2024. The parameters θ12, θ13, $$ \Delta {m}_{21}^2 $$
∆

m
21
2

, and $$ \mid \Delta {m}_{3\ell}^2\mid $$
∣
∆

m

3
ℓ

2

∣
(ℓ = 1, 2) are well-determined with relative precision at 3σ of about 13%, 8%, 15%, and 6%, respectively. The third mixing angle θ23 still suffers from the octant ambiguity, with no clear indication of whether it is larger or smaller than 45°. The determination of the leptonic CP phase δCP depends on the neutrino mass ordering: for normal ordering the global fit is consistent with CP conservation within 1σ, whereas for inverted ordering CP-violating values of δCP around 270° are favored against CP conservation at more than 3.6σ. While the present data has in principle 2.5–3σ sensitivity to the neutrino mass ordering, there are different tendencies in the global data that reduce the discrimination power: T2K and NOvA appearance data individually favor normal ordering, but they are more consistent with each other for inverted ordering. Conversely, the joint determination of $$ \mid \Delta {m}_{3\ell}^2\mid $$
∣
∆

m

3
ℓ

2

∣
from global disappearance data prefers normal ordering. Altogether, the global fit including long-baseline, reactor and IceCube atmospheric data results into an almost equally good fit for both orderings. Only when the χ2 table for atmospheric neutrino data from Super-Kamiokande is added to our χ2, the global fit prefers normal ordering with ∆χ2 = 6.1. We provide also updated ranges and correlations for the effective parameters sensitive to the absolute neutrino mass from β-decay, neutrinoless double-beta decay, and cosmology.
Singularities of local models
Authors: Fakhruddin Najmuddin , Haines Thomas , Lourenço João , Richarz Timo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe construct local models of Shimura varieties and investigate their singularities, with special emphasis on wildly ramified cases. More precisely, with the exception of odd unitary groups in residue characteristic 2 we construct local models, show reducedness of their special fiber, Cohen–Macaulayness and in equicharacteristic also (pseudo-)rationality. In mixed characteristic we conjecture their pseudo-rationality. This is based on the construction of parahoric group schemes over two dimensional bases for wildly ramified groups and an analysis of singularities of the attached Schubert varieties in positive characteristic using perfect geometry.