bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Central Nervous Systemic Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Concordance Between Intra/extracranial Response in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with Brain Metastasis
Authors: Kang Sora , Jeong Hyehyun , Park Ji Eun , Kim Ho Sung , Kim Young-Hoon , Lee Dae Ho , Kim Sang-We , Lee Jae Cheol , Choi Chang Min , Yoon Shinkyo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purposes: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) markedly improve the clinical outcomes of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the intracranial efficacy of ICI is not well elucidated, and previous studies showed discordant outcomes of ICI between intracranial and extracranial diseases. We aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes and the intracranial and extracranial response of patients with NSCLC and brain metastasis who were treated with ICI in the real-world setting. Methods: A total of 55 patients (median age, 63 years [range, 42–80]; male, 78%) who had NSCLC with brain metastasis and treated with ICI monotherapy were retrospectively analyzed. We separately assessed the response rates of brain lesions and systemic lesions, and estimated the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Results: The median OS and overall PFS were 17.0 months (95% CI, 10.3–25.6) and 3.19 months (95% CI, 2.24-5.03), respectively. The intracranial objective response rate and disease control rate of ICI were 36% and 54%, respectively. Among the 44 patients who showed disease progression, only 32% (n = 14) showed concordant outcomes and 9 patients (20%) showed opposing discordant outcomes. Eight patients continued ICI with local brain therapy after intracranial progression, and their median extracranial PFS and OS were 15 months (95% CI, 5.0–not assessed [NA]) and 23.8 months (95% CI, 14.7–NA), respectively. Conclusions: ICI monotherapy had a clinically meaningful intracranial efficacy in NSCLC patients with brain metastasis. Watchful waiting and close monitoring without local radiotherapy might be feasible in NSCLC patients with asymptomatic active brain metastasis.
Travel Times to Public Primary Healthcare and Hospitals in Jazan Region of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Shubayr Mosa Ali , Kruger Estie , Tennant Marc 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: It is impossible to attain good general health without maintaining oral health. This becomes difficult when dental services are located far from the population that needs to utilize them. The study aimed to assess the geographic accessibility of dental healthcare services and to estimate the served population by the dental services in Jazan of Saudi Arabia. Methods: The location of health facilities, governates borders and road systems was obtained and to model accessibility to health facilities (PHCs and hospitals) using GIS. This study used two scenarios to measure the travel time by car driving and walking to the health facilities. The maximum travel time considered as a serviced area was set at 30 min and underserved area outside 30 min from the health facilities. Results: The finding shows that most of the region’s residents need a long time to reach the PHCs and hospital facilitates weather by walking or car driving. Only 30.73 % and 31.97 % of jazan population live on served area by car drinving. Most of the mountain governates such as Al Aridah, Al Aydabi, Al Harth, Ar Rayth, Baysh, Fayfa and Harub had the highest number of underserved populations. Regarding the walking scenario, only 40% of Jazan region residents need 30 minutes or less to reach PHCs and only 19% of the residents need 30 minutes or less to reach hospitals. The majority of Farasan and Damad residents was considered a served area of PHCs and hospitals.Conclusion: The study shows that there is an accessibility issue due to many Jazan residents needing to drive or walk for a long time (> 30 min.) to reach a healthcare facility whether to PHCs or hospitals. This issue could cause many people to not receive proper health services when needed which could affect their oral health status. Further research is needed focusing in mapping MOH, private and other health facilities and the burden of oral disease in the region.
Role of a bacterial glycolipid in Sec-independent membrane protein integration
Authors: Nomura Kaoru , Mori Shoko , Fujikawa Kohki , Osawa Tsukiho , Tsuda Shugo , Yoshizawa-Kumagaye Kumiko , Masuda Shun , Nishio Hideki , Yoshiya Taku , Yoda Takao , Shionyu Masafumi , Shirai Tsuyoshi , Nishiyama Ken-ichi , Shimamoto Keiko 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Non-proteinaceous components in membranes regulate membrane protein integration cooperatively with proteinaceous translocons. An endogenous glycolipid in the Escherichia coli membrane called membrane protein integrase (MPIase) is one such component. Here, we focused on the Sec translocon-independent pathway and examined the mechanisms of MPIase-facilitated protein integration using physicochemical techniques. We determined the membrane integration efficiency of a small hydrophobic protein using solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, which showed good agreement with that determined by the integration assay using an in vitro translation system. The observed integration efficiency was strongly correlated with membrane physicochemical properties measured using fluorescence techniques. Diacylglycerol, a trace component of E. coli membrane, reduced the acyl chains mobility in the core region and inhibited the integration, whereas MPIase increased the mobility and restored the integration. We observed the electrostatic intermolecular interactions between MPIase and the side chain of basic amino acids in the protein, suggesting that the negatively charged pyrophosphate of MPIase attracts the positively charged residues of a protein near the membrane surface, which acts as a trigger during the early stage of integration. Thus, this study demonstrated the ingenious approach of MPIase to support membrane integration of proteins by using its unique molecular structure in various ways.
Thinness among children aged 5- 17 years living in Nakivale refugee settlement, South Western Uganda: A Cross-sectional study
Authors: Namubiru Teddy , Mbabazi Nestor , Namirembe Terry , Lugobe Henry Mark , Musiime Victor 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Hunger and malnutrition are rampant among refugees and displaced populations, many of whom are infants and children. We sought to determine the prevalence and factors associated with thinness among children aged 5-17 years living in Nakivale refugee settlement, Isingiro district, southwestern Uganda.Methods: This was a cross sectional study that enrolled children aged 5 to 17 years. Data were collected on the participant socio-demographic, family, dietary, medical, hygiene and refugee status factors. The prevalence of thinness was determined by ascertaining the total number of children with thinness over the total number of children studied. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to determine the factors independently associated with thinness with p< 0.05 level of significance. Results: A total of 420 children aged 5- 17 years were enrolled into the study. The median age (IQR) was 8.6 (6.8- 11.8) and majority 248 (59.1%) were female. The prevalence of thinness was 5.5% (95% CI: 3.7%-8.1%). The factors independently associated with thinness were; living with a chronic disease (aOR 6.47, 95%CI; 1.63 - 24.64, p= 0.008), use of water from natural sources (aOR 3.32, 95%CI; 1.27 - 8.71, p= 0.015), and duration of stay in the settlement of less or equal to 10 years (aOR 3.19, 95%CI; 1.15 - 8.83, p= 0.025).Conclusion; Thinness among children 5- 17 years in Nakivale refugee settlement is common. Thinness was more likely among children who are living with a chronic disease, used water from natural sources and had had a shorter duration of stay in the settlement. Our findings suggest that children with chronic disease should receive extra food supplementation and have routine growth monitoring as part of their chronic care. The study reiterates a need to have clean and safe water supply and close nutrition assessment and monitoring, especially for newly registered refugee children.
How do the drinking habits and water sources influence all-cause mortality? A nation-wide longitudinal study on Chinese elderly
Authors: Shen Shisi , Wu Tingting , Zhang Yangchang , Xiong Yang , Xu Jianguo , Yang Jialu , Wang Lianlian , Lei Xun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BackgroundFew studies reported the association between water quality with all-cause mortality among the elderly and vulnerable groups susceptible to toxic environmental factors. This study aimed to examine the effect of drinking habits and kinds of water sources on the risk of all-cause mortality in the Chinese elderly population.MethodsData were drawn from the China Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), and a longitudinal study for 16 years was conducted in this study. All participants aged ≥ 65 years at baseline were potentially eligible. The information on drinking habits and water sources was recorded via a structured questionnaire. The drinking habits referred to drinking boiled or un-boiled water, and the types of water sources included well water, surface water, spring water, and tap water. Cox proportional hazard models, adjusting socio-demographics, lifestyle, and common diseases, were used to estimate the risk of all-cause mortality by drinking water. The subgroup analyses were performed to assess potential interaction effects.ResultsA total of 15,663 participants were included in the study, among whom 4,472 males and 6,166 females died from any causes. Participants drinking un-boiled water were more likely to progress to high risk of all-cause mortality than those drinking boiled water (HR:1.14; 95% CI: 1.06-1.23). Compared to drinking well water, drinking tap water in childhood, around aged 60 years, and at present were all associated with lower risks of all-cause mortality (HR: 0.80, 0.81, and 0.90; and 95% CI: 0.68-0.95, 0.76-0.86, and 0.86-0.94, respectively); drinking surface water in childhood was related to a lower risk of all-cause mortality (HR:0.94, 95%CI:0.90-0.98); drinking spring water was not found to be associated with all-cause mortality in the total sample across all the life span.ConclusionDrinking un-boiled was associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality. Tap water was a safe and healthy source to drink compared with well water in the entire life cycle for the Chinese elderly.
Optimal duration of cardiotocography assessment using the iPREFACE score to predict fetal acidemia
Authors: Ito Ayumu , Hayata Eijiro , Nagasaki Sumito , Kotaki Hikari , Shimabukuro Makiko , Sakuma Junya , Takano Mayumi , Oji Ayako , Maemura Toshimitsu , Nakata Masahiko 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The applicability of cardiotocography (CTG) to improved fetal outcomes remains controversial. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the clinically optimal duration for CTG assessment using the iPREFACE score to predict fetal acidemia. This single-center, retrospective observational study included 325 normal full-term singleton vaginal deliveries at the Toho University Omori Medical Center, from September 2018 to March 2019. The iPREFACE scores were calculated at 10, 30, and 60 min immediately before delivery, iPREFACE(10), iPREFACE(30), and iPREFACE(60), respectively. The primary outcome was fetal acidemia (umbilical artery blood pH < 7.2). The secondary outcome was the correlation between all iPREFACE and the umbilical cord arterial blood pH, base excess (BE), and lactate values. The area under the curve (AUC)s of the receiver operating characteristic curves were 0.69, 0.85, and 0.79 for iPREFACE(10), iPREFACE(30), and iPREFACE(60), respectively. There was a significant difference between the AUC of iPREFACE(30) and iPREFACE(10), and no significant differences were found between the other arms. All iPREFACE showed significant correlations with umbilical artery blood pH, BE, and lactate. The predictive capacity of the iPREFACE score for fetal acidemia was the highest in iPREFACE(30), suggesting that 30 min immediately before delivery may be useful in clinical practice as the scoring time.
Attention-based Feature Fusion for Reconstructing Gene-Regulatory Interactions
Authors: Xiang Mingrong , Luo Wei , Hou Jingyu , Tao Wenjing 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Reconstructing gene regulatory networks (GRNs) from expression data is vital for understanding gene transcription. Although increasingly advanced algorithms, particularly deep-learning models, are proposed to mine potential gene-regulatory interactions, an insufficient effort has been invested into improving feature reliability in the presence of biological variability across expression samples. In this research, we propose a robust feature fusion method inspired by emerging attention-based techniques in computer vision. Our method can capture the functional asymmetry between transcription factors (TFs) and target genes with an important adaption using differentiate attentional heads. Based on three different gene-expression datasets: in silico, E.coli and S.cerevisiae, we demonstrated that our method is superior to other state-of-the-art competitors, including that based on graph embeddings.
Fragility curves of Italian school buildings: derivation from L’Aquila 2009 earthquake damage through observational and heuristic approaches
Authors: Ludovico Marco Di , Cattari Serena , Verderame Gerardo , Vecchio Ciro del , Ottonelli Daria , Gaudio Carlo del , Prota Andrea , Lagomarsino Sergio 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Recent seismic events worldwide demonstrated the high vulnerability of existing school buildings and the urgent need to have reliable tools for the rapid seismic performance assessment and damage and loss quantification. Indeed, the significant damage observed on structural and non-structural components may have a significant impact in terms of direct and indirect losses making critical the recovery of stricken communities. Although a significant amount of work was done in developing fragility curves for the residential building stock, only few contributions clearly refer to school buildings that significantly differ in terms of the main characteristics from the residential ones. This research work proposes fragility curves for reinforced concrete (RC) and unreinforced masonry (UMR) school buildings typical of the Italian construction standard, based on the damage observed in the aftermath of the 2009 L’Aquila earthquake. A comprehensive and unique database including data on damaged and undamaged school buildings (2,037 records) in the Abruzzo region was built using data from four different sources. Due to limited amount of data, the proposed curves can be very sensitive to the adopted approach, thus three different approaches (i.e. empirical, empirical-binomial, heuristic) are considered and the results are compared. Finally, a direct comparison with fragility curves available in literature for residential buildings typical of the Italian construction standards is proposed.
The role of microRNA expression in malignant transformation of pleomorphic adenoma: comparing carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma vs pleomorphic adenoma
Authors: Kim Hyojin , Eun Shin , Jeong Woo-Jin , Ahn Soon-Hyun , Bae Yun Jung , Lee Joong Seob , Kim Heejin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA) is a rare malignant tumor which transformed from benign PA. Here we identify the characteristic miRNAs from both the PA (CPA) and carcinomatous (CA) portions of CXPA in an effort to understand their malignant transformation and then compare their expression in CPA and benign PA (BPA) samples to identify candidate miRNAs for their differential diagnosis. Methods We selected 13 CXPA FFPE and 16 BPA samples and then separated the CPA and CA portions of the CXPA FFPE tissues before completing total RNA extraction and miRNA profiling for each group. Results Downstream evaluation of these miRNAs identified 13 transcripts that were differentially expressed between the CPA and CA portions of CXPA. A total of eight of these miRNAs were up-regulated and five down-regulated in CA, where the up-regulated miRNAs were related to cancer progression and the down-regulated miRNAs were associated with tumor suppression. In addition, seven miRNAs were significantly up-regulated in CPA when compared to BPA, even though they present with the same histopathology. These transcripts also all demonstrated a clear relationship with cancer when evaluated using gene ontology and KEGG pathway tools, with almost all of these transcripts interacting with TP53.Conclusion We identified several differentially expressed miRNAs in the CPA and CA portions of CXPA, and confirmed that they were closely associated with TP53 and various cancer-related pathways using target gene and pathway analyses. In addition, we also identified several differentially expressed miRNAs in CPA and BPA, which are also associated with carcinogenesis and may serve as potential biomarkers for differential diagnosis.
Quantum Chemical Examinations of Photoelectrical, Electron injection and Regeneration Properties of D-π-A Dyes in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells incorporating Silole and thieno[3,4- b]pyrazine derivstives units
Authors: Banjo SEMIRE , Felix LATONA Dayo , OYEBAMIJI Abel Kolawole , Dasola ADEOYE Morian , Dele OWONIKOKO Abayomi , OYEBAMIJI Oyetunde Micheal , ABDULSALAMI Ibrahim Olasegun , ODUNOLA Olusegun Ayobami 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This study reported a theoretical design of four sets of new organic D−π−A sensitizers consisting of three dyes in each set (D1A1‒D4A3) in incorporating Silole and thieno[3,4-b]pyrazine derivstives using DFT and DT-DFT methods. The molecular properties such as, geometries, the frontier molecular orbitals, the energy gaps, reactivity indices, electron accepting power and electron donating power were calculated. The results showed that boron-containing dyes (D1A3, D2A3, D3A3 and D3A3) have shorter C2-C3 bond length, lower energy band gap (∆Eg) and longer absorption wavelengths (λmax) (ordered as S > Se > BH2), which lead to profound effect on the electronic properties for the dyes. The chemical potential (µ), glogal eletrophilicity index (ω) and electron accepting power (ω+) revealed that B-containing dyes are more electrophilic in characters than other dyes in each series; thus electron are withdrawn or depleted from the donor subunit of the dyes by BH2 insertion to thieno[3,4-b]pyrazine subunit. The results of open circuit voltage (Voc), light harvesting efficiency (LHE) and light electron injection driving force (ΔGinject) calculated for the dyes showed that they have good photoelectric conversion efficiency but with low dye regeneration (ΔGregen) ability. Also, high excited state lifetime (τesl) values of B-containing dyes (D2A3, D3A3 and D4A3) would lead to more stability of the dyes in the cationic state for a longer time, which may result in higher charge transfer efficiency; thus enhancing electron injection efficiency of the dye-sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC).
Vector competence of Anopheles quadrimaculatus and Aedes albopictus for genetically distinct Jamestown Canyon virus strains circulating in the Northeast United States
Authors: Dieme Constentin , Kramer Laura D. , Ciota Alexander T. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV; Peribunyaviridae, Orthobunyavirus) is a mosquito-borne pathogen belonging to the California serogroup. The virus is endemic in North America and increasingly recognized as a public health concern. In this study, we determined the vector competence of Anopheles (An.) quadrimaculatus and Aedes (Ae.) albopictus for five JCV strains belonging to the two lineages circulating in the Northeast. Methods: An. quadrimaculatus and Ae. albopictus were fed blood meals containing two lineage A strains and three lineage B strains. Vector competence of both mosquito species was evaluated at 7- and 14-days post-feeding (dpf) by testing for virus presence in bodies, legs, and saliva. Results: Our results demonstrated that Ae. albopictus mosquitoes are a competent vector for both lineages, with similar transmission levels for all strains tested. Variable levels of infection (46-83%) and dissemination (17-38%) were measured and in An. quadrimaculatus, yet no transmission was detected for the five JCV strains evaluated.Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that establishment of Ae. albopictus in the Northeast could increase the risk of JCV but suggest An. quadrimaculatus are not a competent vector for JCV.
An Efficient Removal of Mordant Orange-1 by Apricot Fruit Mediated Synthesized Copper Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Üstün Elvan , Önbaş Sena Ceren , Şahin Neslihan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Azo-dyes have been used in many industrial processes for many years and Mordant Orange-1 is one of the most often used. Since dye-wastes are frequently discharged to water resources after industrial processes, they cause serious environmental problems in aquatic systems. Considering the importance of water resources for living organisms, removal of the waste dyes from aquatic systems is very important. Environment-friendly new methods are still required, since many methods developed for the cleaning of wastes also cause environmental problems. In the green synthesis methods, which have recently been used as an alternative to chemical and physical synthesis methods, natural materials such as plants, leaves and seeds are used as caping and reducing agents for synthesizing metal and metal-oxide nanoparticles. In this study, copper oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by using apricot fruit extract and characterized by SEM, EDX, XRD, UV-Vis, and FT-IR, and the removal efficiency of these nanoparticles for Mordant Orange-1 was investigated. It has been determined that the produced copper oxide nanoparticles had high adsorption capacity with the second order reaction rate and removal efficiency of over % 90.