bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chronic Otitis Media (Squamous Disease): Clinical Predictors for Hearing Outcome
Authors: Lakshanadeve V.M. , Vikram Raj Mohanam T.C. , Savery Nishanth , Kurien Mary 
Published: March 2022

Introduction
Postoperative hearing outcome after tympanomastoid surgery may sometimes be disappointing. This study aims to identify the factors influencing hearing outcome in squamous type of chronic otitis media (COM).
Materials and Methods
Prospective descriptive study on consecutive patients undergoing tympano-mastoidectomy for squamous COM.
Results
Analysis of 40 ears revealed that 10% had discharge less than one year with majority (75%) having more than three years. Pars flaccida and postero-superior pars tensa retraction pockets were most common findings with frank cholesteatoma only in 10%. Though mean preoperative pure tone average was significantly better (p=0.004) in those with ear discharge less than one year, 50% required type IV tympanoplasty, irrespective of duration of discharge. Type IV tympanoplasty revealed significant worsening of hearing (p=0.05), unlike type I-III where intact stapes suprastructure showed a significant postoperative improvement (p = 0.036). Successful graft uptake with discharge free ear was noted in 97.5% by 12 weeks.
Conclusion
Majority of our patients availed otolaryngologist opinion after more than three years of onset of discharge. Significant ossicular erosion occurs early in the disease. Preoperative better audiogram is not a predictor of ossicular status. Lack of significant symptoms and subtle clinical finding in the tympanic membrane, overlooked by the patient as well as the primary health care provider are confounding factors for early referral and surgical intervention by otolaryngologist. There appears to be a considerable delay for the common person in reaching the services of otolaryngologist; a relevant issue which need to be addressed at a national level to reduce the burden of the disease.
Efficacy of Triamcinolone in Treatment of Keloid
Authors: D C Sathyaki , P A Nalina 
Published: March 2022

Introduction
Keloids are well known for recurrence. There is no standardized regimen for the treatment of keloids. Many different treatment modalities such as surgical excision, intralesional corticosteroids, radiotherapy, and pressure earrings have been used for keloids. Surgical excision alone may result in recurrence rate of 40%-100%. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of triamcinolone in preventing recurrence of Keloid.
Materials and Methods
Of the 40 patients who underwent excision of keloid at a tertiary care centre, surgery alone was performed in 20 patients and surgery with post operative intra-lesional triamcinolone injection was given weekly interval for 6 weeks in another 20 patients. Patients were followed up for the period of 2 years
Results
Recurrence was found in 5 patients who underwent excision alone and there was no recurrence among patients who received post operative intra-lesional triamcinolone.
Conclusion
Multi-modality treatment is better to prevent recurrence of Keloid.
What are the Critical Factors that Affect the Habitability of Celestial Bodies in Our Solar System?
Authors: Sharma Yash , Turban Stephen 
Published: March 2022

The study of habitability on planets and celestial bodies apart from Earth has gathered increased interest over the last few decades due to grand technological advancements. Space agencies like NASA are spending billions of dollars on spacecraft, probes, and satellites for this specific purpose, but as of now, no one knows what different (and possibly quite similar) species reside in our solar system, and where they live (moons, planets). However, a planet/moon being habitable to life is not that easy, and there are hundreds of factors that can make a celestial body habitable. This paper will cover a few of the several factors: existence of liquid water, atmospheric composition, chemical composition of the planet's surface, and biofuel, along with linking these factors to different celestial bodies in our solar system, specifically focusing on Mars, Venus, Europa, and Titan.
Application of OLS Regression and VAR Models to Analyse the Economies of Varying Political Regimes
Authors: Ganeriwalla Amrita , Mehta Swapneel 
Published: March 2022

The GDP per capita is a popular method of measuring the economic success of a country. This paper uses regression analysis to predict the GDP per capita (GDPPC) of countries using different independent variables. We applied Ordinary Linear Squares Regression and Vector Autoregression to check for a correlation between the chosen independent variables (Corruption Perception Index, Political Rights score, Civil Liberties score, Gender Inequality Index, Consumer Price Index, Population Density, and the percentage of people using the Internet) and the GDPPC. Using empirical evidence, we determine which model might be more accurate to attain this goal. Four countries of varying political regimes are studied - USA and Canada are categorised as democratic countries and China and Russia are non-democratic countries. Our results show trends in the correlations between the independent and dependent variables, and we can draw a distinction between the political regimes. We found that Corruption Perception Index and Population Density negatively correlates with the GDPPC of all 4 countries. We also noticed that the percentage of people using the internet and Gender Inequality Index correlates negatively with the GDPPC for non-democratic countries and in democratic countries the Consumer Price Index negatively influences the economy.
Pengaruh Stres Kerja Dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Pada Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah Provinsi Sumatera Utara (BAPPEDA PROVSU)
Authors: Muhammad Ikhsan Harahap Putri Ramadhani, 
Published: March 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh stress kerja dan motivasi terhadap kinerja pegawai pada Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah Provinsi Sumatera Utara Pendekatan penelitan yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan asosiatif dan kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pegawai yang ada pada Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah Provinsi Sumatera Utara berjumlah 145 Orang. Berdasarkan Hasil dari perhitungan rumus Slovin dalam penentuan sampel didapatkan jumlah 59,81 Setelah hasil pembulatan maka didapatkan jumlah sampel sebanyak 60 orang pegawai. Dari hasil penelitian terbukti bahwa Stres Kerja berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan (Y). hal ini dibuktikan dari hasi uji t dengan hasil thitung<ttabel yaitu 3.680 > 2,001. Sehingga didalam Bappeda Provsu Medan tersebut Stres Kerja bepengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada pengaruh Motivasi Kerja (X2) terhadap kinerja karyawan (Y). hal ini dibuktikan dari hasil uji t dengan hasil thitung > ttabel yaitu 4.420>2,001. Nilai Fhitung 15,545 > 2,77 Ftabel. Sehingga HO ditolak Ha diterima, jadi kesimpulannya bahwa terdapat pengaruh signifikan secara simultan variabel Stres Kerja dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan pada Bappeda Provsu Medan. Nilai R Sguare menunjukan 0,353 atau 35,3% menunjukkan 35,3 variabel kinerja karyawan (Y) dipengaruhi Stres Kerja (X1) dan Motivasi Kerja (X2). Sisanya 64,7% dipengaruhi oleh variabel yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini.
Optimal Choice of Travelling System Structure depending on Design Parameters of Hoisting System in Drilling Units of Oil and Gas Wells
Authors: Hadid Dr. Mahmoud M. , Mohammed Ahmed A. 
Published: March 2022

Most drilling rigs are designed based on the max static load on the hook of great travelling system structure as 6×7. But when change the depth of the well, the load on the hook changes, so it was necessary to determine the travelling system structure, which ensures the best design indicators of hoisting system.
This research studied the impact of travelling system structure on design parameters of hoisting system and the best indicators of hoisting systems at less drilling lines number suitable with max allowable load on hook for oil and gas wells drilling units.
In this work, A methodology depending on graphical solution for hoisting system indicators curves has been developed. (MATLAB) has been used in order to develop a program that facilitates the application of this methodology and accelerate the work. The most important technical parameters for different drilling unit, in addition to the allowable hookload, by using the most important design indicators that positively or negatively affecting the system with changing travelling system structure. This program depending on graphical solution for set of these indicators in relation with number of drilling lines by finding equilibrium point between positive and negative effects that has the algebraic sum of the slopes is as close as possible to zero. This point represent optimal drilling lines compatible with hookload at practical technical parameters for drilling units.
This study achieves the best indicators for hoisting system working at ideal travelling system and decrease the time required for drilling by increasing hook velocity rate by 12% and the efficiency of hoisting system by 10%. In addition, the lengths of drilling line rate decreased by 40% that cause reduction in material cost and achieving better economic feasibility in comparison with design travelling system.
Preparation of CuO Nanoparticles for Improving Base Oil Properties
Authors: Al-Tabbakh Dr. Ban A. Ahmed , Jasim Dalya , Qubian Nawar A , Kareem Sura 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Through this research, copper oxide nanoparticles were prepared via precipitation method using copper nitrate as a starting material. The resulting nanomaterial characteristics were diagnosed using available technologies such as AFM, XRD, B.E.T. surface area, pore-volume, pore size, and FTIR.
For modern industries, lubricants are efficient materials for reducing friction between moving surfaces. CuO nanoparticles are used as an additive that is dispersed in an oil phase. Ultrasound technique was used to disperse the nanomaterial in Stocks 60 base oil, and the effect of the ratios of the added nanomaterial on the final properties of the oil was studied. A ratio of 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2% was used and mixed with an approbate amount of oleic acid and was dispersed using ultrasound.
The prepared copper oxide nanoparticles had an average particle size of 31.76nm and crystallinity of 93.63%. The surface area was around 27.61 m2 / g. Diagnostic tests were carried out on the oil, as it led to an increase in the viscosity index gave high stability and good dispersion of the nanomaterial for a long time, as the viscosity index was re-examined during successive periods. The final characterization of the oil shows a good improvement in the viscosity index of 110 and the flashpoint increased to 240 ° C. By increasing the viscosity index leading to ease movement inside the tools and contact surfaces oil will overcome the severe conditions during operations.
An Experimental Study of the Effect of Different Blending Ratios of Dual and Triple Fuel Mixtures (Gasoline-Hydrogen-Ethanol) on Laminar Flame Speed
Authors: Obayes Oras Khudhayer , Shahad Haroun A. K. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In a centrally ignited constant volume chamber, an experimental research on the laminar flame speed of premixed gasoline/ethanol/hydrogen/air mixtures is undertaken at varied initial pressures (0.1-0.3 MPa), constant initial temperature (593 K), and variable equivalency ratios (0.75-1.5). The mixing method is based on the energy replacement principle, and various component blending ratios are tested. This has necessitated the construction of a specific laboratory experimental equipment. The flame speeds are measured using the Shelerian photography technique using a high-speed camera. The results reveal that adding hydrogen to dual fuel mixtures has a considerable impact on stretched laminar flame speed. The stretched laminar flame speeds for 20 percent H2-80 percent G, 40 percent H2-60 percent G, and 60 percent H2-40 percent G are 3.71 m/s, 7.329 m/s, and 11.0267 m/s, respectively, at 0.1 MPa initial pressure and stoichiometric mixture. For 20 percent H2-80 percent G, 40 percent H2-60 percent G, and 60 percent H2-40 percent G mixtures, the un-stretched flame speed at atmospheric pressure and stoichiometric is computed and found to be 1.23 m/s, 3.67 m/s, and 7.093 m/s, respectively. When the initial pressure is increased, both stretched and un-stretched flame rates drop. "
The results of the triple fuel mixes demonstrate that the influence of ethanol addition on the stretched laminar flame speed is significant at constant hydrogen blending ratios, with 2.24 m/s at 20% H2-16% E-64 percent G and 2.68 m/s at 20% H2-32 % E-48 % G at 0.1 MPa for stoichiometric mixture. For dual fuel combinations, the effect of starting pressure on stretched and un-stretched flame speeds is the same. Where the flame speed has a maximum value for stoichiometric combustion, the equivalence ratio has a greater effect on flame speed. "
The Use of a Parabolic Solar Concentrator in Nasiriya city, Iraq
Authors: Hannun Rafid M. , Koban Raheem M. 
Published: March 2022

In this paper, it presents a detailed analysis of the use of the parabolic solar concentrator in heating and boiling water, as the parabolic solar concentrator was manufactured with a diameter of (96 cm), the focal length of the dish is (72 cm), and the focus depth of the dish is (8 cm). It was made using a parabolic dish with a diameter of (96 cm) and using glossy aluminum foil as a reflective sun ray after being cut into strips 10 cm wide and glued to the inner surface of the dish. Metal tin cans with two capacities (1L and 2L) were used as the absorbent receiver. Experiments were conducted to boil water from the roof of the house in Nassiriya city. The study calculated the optical efficiency of the equivalent solar concentrator, the amount of heat output as a result of the fall of concentrated solar radiation on the receiver, the amount of useful heat gained, the thermal losses from the receiver, the collector efficiency. Many tests were conducted in Nassiriya city weather conditions.
The results of the experiments showed that the efficiency of the solar center mainly depends on the diameter of the concentrator dish, the quality of the reflector used, the time of heating the water, and the closing to midday. While the high ambient air velocity leads to a decrease in the receiver temperature by increasing the heat loses to ambient air by convection, thus reducing the efficiency of the solar concentrator; as well as the accuracy of directing the dish towards the sun and determining the focus accurately also affects the efficiency of the solar concentrator.
تطبيق حلقة التحسين المستمر و أستعمال نظم المعلومات الجغرافية GIS للسيطرة على الحوادث في شركة الاستكشافات النفطية
Authors: علي لمى عصام , خلف بتول عطية 
Published: March 2022

تضمن البحث تطبيق حلقة التحسين المستمر واستعمال نظم المعلومات الجغرافية لغرض السيطرة على حوادث العمل، تم اختيار (24) حادث كعينة للبحث للفترة 2017- 2018 – 2019 حصلت في شركة الاستكشافات النفطية. تحددت مشكلة البحث بوجود حوادث اثرت على انتاجية الفرق الزلزالية و تؤثر بشكل سلبي وكبير على سير الانتاج من حيث توقف العمل وبطئ في الانجاز وعدم الدقة وضياع الجهد اضافة الى خسارة الكفاءات من الجيولوجيين والمهندسين والعمال الماهرين والهدر في الوقت ومستلزمات العمل، تم استعمال اسلوب تطبيق حلقة ديمنغ للتحسين المستمر و تقنية نظم المعلومات الجغرافية(GIS) بأستعمال برنامج ArcGIS 10.8 ودراسة اثر التحسين من خلال تحليل بعض البيانات مكانياً باستعمال الاداة BUFFER، وقد توصل البحث الى عدة نتائج اهمها امكانية استعمال نظم المعلومات الجغرافية في بناء قواعد بيانات يمكن الرجوع اليها لتجنب حصول حوادث في صفوف العاملين.
Women in Colonial Space: A Study of Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart and Ferdinand Oyono’s Houseboy
Authors: Emmerencia Sih Beh  , Walters Ncham Yong  
Published: March 2022

Chinua Achebe and Ferdinand Oyono in their novels, Things Fall Apart and Houseboy, present women in three phases: as people who are sadly oppressed by their male counterparts, people who contribute in their subjugation by accepting the norms placed on them, and as powerful women. Many critics have focused their analysis on the oppression of women without considering the role of women in their own subjugation. Though their assumptions may appear to be right, women in these novels possess a degree of power. This study submits that, women’s suppression comes as a result of indigenous patriarchy and colonial patriarchal custom. The study has as findings that women accept some of the positions given them and even help in their suppression. The ones who try to speak out are either not heard, that is, “speaking in the belly of a beast” or considered in other lights. This study uses the Postcolonial feminist theory for its analysis. The theory is suitable for this study because it presents the forms of marginalization and exclusion of women, and the misrepresentation of their roles. The study concludes that women are active, but their roles are underestimated by their counterparts, and they end up accepting the position given to them.
28 ŞUBAT SÜRECİ, E-MUHTIRA VE 15 TEMMUZ FETÖ DARBE GİRİŞİMİNİN EKONOMİ-POLİTİK ANALİZİ
Authors: ÜZÜMCÜ Adem 
Published: March 2022

Türkiye’de demokratik yönetim dönemlerini kesintiye uğratan darbe, muhtıra benzeri ara rejim girişimlerinin geçmişi Osmanlı Devletinin son dönemine kadar gitmektedir. Sultan Abdülaziz’in tahtan indirilmesi, İttihat ve Terakki Partisi tarafından gerçekleştirilen Bab-ı Ali Baskını darbe geleneğin başlangıcı sayılan olaylardır. Bu çerçevede 27 Mayıs 1960 Darbesi, 12 Mart 1971 Muhtırası ve 12 Eylül 1980 Darbesi, bu kötü geleneğin devamıdır.
Türkiye’nin siyasi ve ekonomik alanda geri kalmasına yol açan bu üç darbe/ara rejim sonrası, Necmettin Erbakan’ın Başbakanlığını yaptığı Refah-Yol hükümetini devirmeye yönelik Post Modern Darbe 28 Şubat Süreci, özellikle ekonomik alanda çok daha fazla olumsuzluklara neden olmuştur. Bu süreçte faizler yükselmiş, enflasyon oranı %100 düzeyine yaklaşmış, bütçe açıkları yükselmiş, bankaların içi boşaltılmış, iktisadi büyüme oranları gerilemiştir. Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisinin (AK Parti) siyasi istikrarı sağladığı ortamda cumhurbaşkanı seçimini etkilemeye çalışan 2007 yılı E-Muhtıra girişimi, AK Partinin bu girişime karşı güçlü tepkisi ve Cumhurbaşkanını halkın seçmesini sağlayan yasal değişim sayesinde siyasi ve ekonomik açıdan zarar veremeyen bir girişim olmuştur. Buna karşın Cumhurbaşkanı Recep Tayyip Erdoğan ve AK Parti iktidarını devirmeye yönelen 15 Temmuz 2016 FETÖ darbe girişimi, 17-25 Aralık 2013 yolsuzluk kılıfı altındaki yargısal darbe girişimi ile başlayan ve Türkiye’yi birçok alanda kontrol etmeyi amaçlayan bir darbe olarak ekonomik açıdan büyük olumsuzluklar doğurmuştur. 15 Temmuz Darbe girişimi sonrası döviz kurları yükselmiş, iktisadi büyüme oranı gerilemiş, ülkeye yabancı sermaye girişi azalmış, faiz oranları yükselmiştir.
Bu bildiride, bu üç darbe girişiminin ekonomi-politik analizi yapılmaktadır. Bu amaçla her bir darbe girişiminin üç yıl önce ve sonrasına ilişkin iktisadi büyüme, enflasyon ve işsizlik oranı gibi genel makroekonomik göstergeler, kamu maliyesi göstergeleri ve dış ticaret göstergeleri karşılaştırmalı biçimde analiz edilmektedir. Yapılan karşılaştırmalı analizler çerçevesinde diğer iki darbe/muhtıra girişimine göre 28 Şubat Sürecinde makroekonomik göstergeler ve kamu maliyesi göstergeleri üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerin daha fazla olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Hematological, biochemical, and histopathological changes resulting from administration of three different concentration of diazepam in mice
Authors: Hameed Marwa Adil , Oubeid Wasan Sarhan , Hadree Dakheel Hussein 
Published: March 2022

Diazepam is a benzodiazepine derivative that is commonly used for its sedative and anxiolytic activities. The liver plays a major role in the metabolism of this drug. By using the experimental animals, female white mice aged 2-3 months were divided into four groups. Each group contains three mice. The first group (the control) was given distilled water for four weeks. While the second, third and fourth groups were given diazepam at concentrations (0.25 mg / ml, 0.50 mg / ml, 0.75 mg / ml), respectively, for four weeks, orally using stomach tubes. Blood was drawn, to obtain the blood for hematological tests and the serum for biochemical tests. Rats were dissected, and samples were taken to the laboratory for the purpose of analyzes and tissue segmentation of the liver, spleen. Liver and spleen tissues were obtained for the histopathology analysis and serum for the assay of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP).
Comparative safe-reduction of body weight in rats by using different doses of formalin
Authors: Ameer Sarah Saad Abdul , Abdulshahed Rawaa Hamid 
Published: March 2022

Body weight gain and obesity have a significant influence on quality of life since they are related with comorbidities and psychological issues. The latter is far more significant than most people think. Formoline L112, a formulation containing polyglucosamine, a chitosan derivative, is one of the most often used products in Europe to help people lose weight. Aim of the study: to evaluate dose-related body weight reduction in rats with possible measuring of drug's safety. Materials and method: 30 rat were classified into 3 groups; group 1 (No.=10) used as control, group 2 (No.=10) given 1 tablet of formoline, and group 3 (No.=10) was given 2 tablet each 12 hours\day. The body weight of each rat was taken before and 30 days after treatment. Blood urea and serum creatinine was assessed before and after using the drug to exclude renal injury. Results: there was significant reduction (at P<0.05) in body weight by using either single or double doses of formoline as compared to control group with no statistical significance of using single dose as compared to double dose.
Impact of growing beans (vicia faba) in saline soil on aldosterone, angiotensin-1 hormones, urea and creatinine in local rabbits males (oryctolagus coniculus)
Authors: Hussien Omar Shamel , Abdullah Khalida Khalil , Al-Hilali Bara’a Mohammed Ibrahim , Hussain Marwa Emad Bader 
Published: March 2022

Planting Vicia faba in saline soil could be lethal because of high salt concentration and osmotic pressure. We use two conditions one is normal soil, and the other is saline soil to be compared. The first time the bean didn’t grow the second experiments it grows in weak shape and different properties from the normal. The growing plants (bean) in the saline soil were taken and mixed with the rabbit food to find the impact of salty bean on hormones and other parameters. The soil and plant results are differed from control which saline soil affect the properties and plant growth. Electrical conductivity increases, CHO (organic matter in soil) decreased in soil, Humidity% in salinity soil increased, pH increases. All these results of soil decreasing length, chlorophyll concentration, organic materials, and many studied parameters in plant. The rabbits’ feeds with saline bean have different parameters from the normal.