bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbon Nanotubes Encapsulated Transition Metals for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction: Coupling Effect of 3d Orbital and π-Bond
Authors: Han Yun , Mao Xin , Yan Xuecheng , Wu Qilong , Xu Hongzhe , Fang Qingchao , Jia Yi , Yao Xiangdong , Li Qin , Du Aijun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Carbon materials are widely used in various industrial applications due to their outstanding stability and robustness in diverse structures, yet it remains a revolutionary and challenging task in activating carbon materials for efficient and low-cost catalysis. Herein, inspired by the successful experimental studies, we for the first-time exploited carbon nanotubes encapsulated transition metal atoms (TM@CNT) for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The Gibbs free energy of H-C bond on pristine CNTs is too positive, which prevents the adsorption of H atoms. However, TM@CNT (TM = Fe, Co, Ni) has superior HER performance than that of the widely recognized Pt and MoS2 catalysts, benefiting from disruption of the π conjunctions and activation of the stable sp2 hybridizations between carbon atoms in CNTs. A set of metal-free catalytic surfaces with high HER activity have been developed. Meanwhile, the HER performance of graphene nanosheets loaded on the most ubiquitous facet (111) of transition metals (TM@G, TM = Fe, Co, Ni) also be calculated. However, TM@G shows lower HER activity than that of the TM@CNT, which is attributed to the large curvature of CNTs. These new findings manifest a universal strategy for carbon materials activation that will inspire the rational design of carbon-based electrocatalysts for efficient water splitting.
Performance analysis of tubular solar still with different water depths on corrugated and flat absorbers
Authors: Prasad Arani Rajendra , Sathyamurthy Ravishankar , Kabeel Abd Elnaby , Thakur Amrit Kumar 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
One of the biggest impediments in solar distillation is the lower fresh water yield. In the present study, the effect of water depth on the thermal performance of tubular solar still (TSS) with v-corrugated and flat absorbers has been analyzed experimentally and optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM) technique. Experimental results showed that the water temperature of TSS using a v-corrugated absorber is improved by increasing the surface area of water. The peak temperature of water from the TSS using corrugated fins is improved by about 7.54, 7.12, and 3.77% than the TSS with a flat absorber for water depths of 5, 10, and 15 mm, respectively. The average temperature difference between water and cover is improved by about 53.19, 64.28, and 112.90% for water depths of 5, 10, and 15 mm using the TSS with a corrugated absorber rather than a flat absorber. The influence of water depth on cumulative yield using 5, 10, and 15 mm in the v-corrugated absorber is recorded as 4.35, 3.86, and 3.83 kg, and it is higher by about 108.13, 128.40, and 216.52% compared to the cumulative yield of TSS with a flat absorber, respectively.
Impact of water characteristics on UV disinfection of unfiltered water
Authors: Soleimanpour Makuei Mehrnaz , Ketabchi Faezeh , Peleato Nicolas 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the impact of unfiltered water conditions on UV disinfection. UV biodosimetry tests were conducted over a year using water samples from two treatment plants that apply UV without filtration. The influence of turbidity, absorbance, and zeta potential on UV dose–response curves was analyzed to evaluate relationships between unfiltered water quality and log-inactivation of surrogate organisms. It was observed that diminishing inactivation with increasing UV dose (tailing effect) was governed principally by the surface charge of particulate matter. The increased tailing level observed in raw waters was postulated to be due to having more neutral surface charges, resulting in elevated electrostatic attraction between particles and microorganisms that increased UV resistance. Inactivation at a dose of 35 mJ/cm2 in water samples with low turbidity levels (0.38 NTU) and relatively negative surface charge resulted in 3.0 log-removal in comparison with 2.2 and 2.0 log-removal for samples with turbidity levels of 1.57 and 0.61 NTU, respectively. The results of this study highlight the risks of UV disinfection of unfiltered supplies with respect to the effects of water quality characteristics on UV effectiveness and could be employed to optimize the estimation of UV disinfection potential.
Knowledge and Awareness of Oral Mucosal Diseases Among Saudi Dentists
Authors: Alharbi Shahad , Aboalela Ali 
Published: October 2022

Background: Oral mucocutaneous lesions have a significant impact on patient care. Late diagnosis of oral lesions may affect patients' quality of life and prognosis. Dentists are usually the first to encounter such lesions, and many studies have explored the knowledge and management related to oral cancer. However, not many studies have examined a more comprehensive understanding and management of oral lesions, including infectious and autoimmune/immune-mediated diseases.

Aims:
This study aimed at evaluating dentists’ knowledge and referral patterns regarding oral mucocutaneous diseases.

Methods:
A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate dentists’ knowledge about oral mucocutaneous diseases and referral patterns among Saudi dentists. A total of 301 participants were included in the study. It was voluntary and written informed consent was obtained from the participants. A Chi-square test was used to compare the categorical variables. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
A total of 301 participants responded. Significant differences were observed between genders when asked about being comfortable with treating oral mucosal lesions in their practice (p-value: .019), and males were more convenient than females. A significant difference (p-value: .011) was observed between different educational levels when the participants were asked about the management of patients with oral mucosal lesions. Overall, the majority of participants rarely or never managed oral lesions. When comparing the different groups of participants, postgraduate residents responded more accurately (p-value: 007). Approximately 60% of all participants did not or rarely managed oral lesions in their practice.

Conclusion:
It was found that there was a lack of knowledge among dentists regarding the detection and treatment of oral mucosal lesions. This lack of knowledge can lead to unfavorable patient care and prognosis outcomes.
Components of the Effectiveness of Endodontic Treatment Based on Long-term X-ray Criteria
Authors: Kobryn Nataliya , Hereliuk Vitalii 
Published: October 2022

The objective of the research was to determine the effectiveness of obturation of the root canals and crown part of the teeth, and to identify the most important factors influencing its results, based on the X-ray examination.
Materials and methods: The study was conducted at the Dental Center (University Clinic, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University). Evaluation of 140 orthopantomograms, computed tomograms and digital intraoral images of patient, aged 18-68 years with endodontically treated teeth, was made with the aim to determine the obturation state of root canals and the state of periodontal tissues. The radiological picture of 579 teeth and 1120 roots in particular was evaluated.
Results: the state of apical constriction, the state of obturation of root canals, sealing conditions of coronal part of the tooth, the state of periodontal tissues were analyzed, compared and discussed.
Conclusions: According to the results obtained in this study, the relationships between the presence of periapical changes and state of apical constructions, obturation level of filling material in roots canals, coronal leakage, and periodontal tissue changes were found.
Keywords: periapical changes, endodontic treatment, coronal leakage, x-ray examination
Clinical Case of Lymphomatoid Papulosis
Authors: Tkach Vasyl , Aleksandruk Oleksandr , Voloshynovych Marian , Girnyk Galyna , Kostyshyn Ivan , Kozak Nataliia 
Published: October 2022

Lymphomatoid papulosis is a rare skin disease. The incidence averages 1.5 cases per 1 million population. It is the most common in adults around the age of 40. It was previously considered as paraneoplastic dermatosis, but recent studies have confirmed that lymphomatoid papulosis is a primary CD30 + T-lymphoma of the skin. Despite the aggressive morphological features, it is benign. The disease is characterized by a tendency to spontaneous regression. Typically, skin lesions last 3-12 weeks, although in some severe cases they may last longer. Skin lesions may disappear or recur over decades. Patients require observation because a second lymphoproliferative disease develops in 10-40% of patients.
A case of lymphomatoid papulosis in a patient with diffuse astrocytoma is presented. The patient was treated with systemic retinoids. The results of differential diagnosis and additional research methods, including dermoscopy, are given. Although the use of dermoscopy was not crucial, the results of the research showed microscopic visual differences between the elements of the rash, depending on the stage of the disease. The picture was mostly typical, however, spots formed by the areas of central erythema on the background of light brown areas, with a predominance of the reticular vessels pattern were also noted in addition to the rash elements on the hairy skull. Clarification of this feature requires further study.
The purpose of our report is to draw the attention of dermatologists and family doctors to cases of rare dermatoses. The rareness of the disease, lack of knowledge on the clinical findings lead to diagnostic errors, “inadequate treatment”.
Therapeutic Doctors` Competency during the Providing Emergency Medical Care at the Scene
Authors: Maksymiak Mariana , Levchenko Valerii , Ovchar Anna , Svystun Ivanna , Khanenko Oleksandr 
Published: October 2022

During the last years it has been observed the worldwide trend in regular creation, upgrading and implementation of emergency care protocols at the prehospital stage in the medical practice. The huge role is given to the methods of doctors` simulation preparedness in case of the emergency care at the scene. Modern doctors` preparedness requires practicing of the resuscitation in the simulation centers on the specific dummies or devices without the risk of making any harm to the patient, developing the ability to make quick and correct decision and conduct all necessary manipulations and interferences without any mistake. According to the professional literature, it is usually observed the lack of practical skills concerning the emergency care at the scene of an accident among therapeutic doctors`. Nowadays, one of the most important task undergraduate and postgraduate medical educations is the creation of simulation centers for quality training of highly qualified specialists, including emergency medical care.
The aim of given investigation is the evaluation of the professional therapeutic doctors` competency in providing emergency medical care at the scene in accordance to the latest recommendations of the European Resuscitation Council (2021) and American Heart Association (2020). According to tests conducted in the 2017-2018s among therapeutic doctors about their abilities of the resuscitation conducting, it was revealed that only 52% were able to diagnose the state of clinical death; 63% - were able to perform chest compression; 15% were able to provide opening of airways; extremely low was the numbers of those who were able to use AED and ventilation – 5% and 9% correspondently. Therefore, one of the key tasks of the modern medical simulative education is to prepare therapeutic doctors to be able to perform emergency resuscitation at the scene.
Key words. Simulative medicine, emergency medical care, the scene of an accident, therapeutic doctors.
Using Digital Communication Technology to Improve Neonatal Care: Two-Part Explorative Needs Assessment
Authors: Tenfelde Kim , Antheunis Marjolijn , Krahmer Emiel , Bunt Jan Erik 
Published: October 2022

Background
The birth of a premature infant and subsequent hospitalization are stressful events for parents. Therefore, accurate and easy-to-understand communication between parents and health care professionals is crucial during this period. Mobile health (mHealth) technologies have the potential to improve communication with parents at any time and place and possibly reduce their stress.

Objective
We aimed to conduct a 2-part explorative needs assessment in which the interaction between the pediatrician and parents was examined along with their digital communication technology needs and interest in an mHealth app with the aim of improving interpersonal communication and information exchange.

Methods
Overall, 19 consultations between parents of preterm infants and pediatricians were observed to determine which themes are discussed the most and the number of questions asked. Afterward, the parents and the pediatrician were interviewed to evaluate the process of communication and gauge their ideas about a neonatal communication mHealth app.

Results
The observations revealed the following most prevalent themes: breastfeeding, criteria for discharge, medication, and parents’ personal life. Interview data showed that the parents were satisfied with the communication with their pediatrician. Furthermore, both parents and pediatricians expected that a neonatal mHealth app could further improve the communication process and the hospital stay. Parents valued app features such as asking questions, growth graphs, a diary function, hospital-specific information, and medical rounds reports.

Conclusions
Both parents of hospitalized preterm infants and pediatricians expect that the hypothetical mHealth app has the potential to cater to the most prevalent themes and improve communication and information exchange. Recommendations for developing such an app and its possible features are also discussed. On the basis of these promising results, it is suggested to further develop and study the effects of the mHealth app together with all stakeholders.
The Relationship Between Physical Activity and Mobile Phone Addiction Among Adolescents and Young Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies
Authors: Xiao Wen , Wu Jinlong , Yip Joanne , Shi Qiuqiong , Peng Li , Lei Qiwen Emma , Ren Zhanbing 
Published: October 2022

Background
Previous studies have reported a potential negative correlation between physical activity (PA) and mobile phone addiction (MPA) among adolescents and young adults. To date, the strength of this correlation has not been well characterized.

Objective
This review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize available empirical studies to examine the correlations between PA and MPA among adolescents and young adults. We also explored several potential moderators, including time of data collection, country or region, and type of population, associated with the relationship between PA and MPA.

Methods
Four electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Web of Science) were searched from database inception to March 2022 to identify relevant studies. The pooled Pearson correlation coefficients and their corresponding 95% CIs for the relationship between PA and MPA were calculated using the inverse variance method. The methodological quality of the included cross-sectional studies was determined based on the Joanna Briggs Institute appraisal checklist. The study conformed to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses) guidelines.

Results
In total, 892 relevant articles were identified, of which 22 were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The final meta-analysis included 17 of the 22 studies. Results of random effects modeling revealed a moderate correlation between PA and MPA among adolescents and young adults (summary r=–0.243, P<.001). Sensitivity and publication bias analyses further demonstrated the robustness of our results. All the included studies were scored as high quality with a low risk of bias. Subgroup analysis further indicated that none of the hypothesized moderators (time of data collection, country or region, and type of population) significantly affected the relationship between PA and MPA, as confirmed by the mixed effects analysis. In addition, in the data collection subgroups, medium effect sizes were obtained for data collected before COVID-19 (r=–0.333, P<.001) and data collected during COVID-19 (r=–0.207, P<.001). In subgroup analyses for country or region, the correlation coefficient for China and other developing regions showed a similarly moderate effect size (r=–0.201, P<.001 and r= –0.217, P<.001, respectively). However, the effect sizes for developed regions were not significant (r=–0.446, P=.39). In a subgroup analysis based on the type of population, we found that the effect size for young adults was moderate (r=–0.250, P<.001). However, that of adolescents was not significant (r=–0.129, P=.24).

Conclusions
Our results demonstrate a moderately negative relationship between PA and MPA among young adults. The strength of this relationship was not influenced by the time of data collection, country or region, or type of population.
RELAÇÃO PROFESSOR ESTUDANTE: perfil sócio identitário de estudantes e suas representações sobre o ensino universitário
Authors: Silva Fabrício Oliveira da , Lucas Vieira André Ricardo , Ramos dos Santos Wesley , Da Silva Militão Júnior Sergivaldo 
Published: October 2022

O artigo discute a relação entre professores e estudantes na universidade, focalizando dois aspectos centrais: o perfil sócio identitário dos estudantes e as representações destes sobre as estratégias de ensino utilizadas por seus professores no ensino universitário. Neste sentido, o texto objetiva compreender o que dizem os estudantes sobre as ações pedagógicas de professores universitários em relação ao desenvolvimento de aprendizagens logradas pelo estudante. A pesquisa é de natureza quantitativa e revela os resultados de um questionário do tipo survey, de 36 questões, aplicado a 997 estudantes da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana – UEFS, de 28 distintos cursos de graduação da referida instituição. Os/as estudantes, em sua maioria são do sexo feminino; se autodeclaram pretos/as; são solteiros/as; não possuem filhos/as; moram com pais e/ou familiares em residências próprias ou de parentes, em Feira de Santana; e não desenvolvem atividade remunerada. Os estudantes ainda revelam que os professores consideram seus conhecimentos prévios; que os professores reservam tempo durante a aula para dirimir dúvidas; que a seleção do material didático é feita baseada nas dificuldades dos estudantes; que os professores desenvolvem estratégias para motivar os estudantes a aprenderem; que a maneira como seus professores se relacionam com eles influencia em suas aprendizagens; que os professores ensinam estratégias que facilitam a aprendizagem de conteúdos; e, por fim, que os professores disponibilizam tempo para atendimento aos estudantes fora do horário de aula.
Angular and positional changes of the maxillary third molars after orthodontic treatment with different premolar extraction patterns
Authors: Mang de la Rosa Maria R. , Langer Lisa J. , Kouroupakis-Bakouros Fotis , Jost-Brinkmann Paul-Georg , Bartzela Theodosia N. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo evaluate the angular and positional changes of the maxillary second (M2) and third molars (M3) after orthodontic premolar extraction treatment according to patient skeletal classification and growth pattern.Materials and MethodsPanoramic radiographs of patients treated with extraction of the first or second premolars (n = 116) and patients treated without extraction (n = 92), taken before orthodontic treatment (T0) and after completion of multibracket appliance therapy (T1) were analyzed. Angle classification, growth pattern, crowding, and incisor inclination were recorded. The palatal (PP) and interorbital planes (IOP) were used as reference lines. Changes in the M3 angulation relative to PP and IOP (T0–T1) within the same group were evaluated with paired t-tests. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for comparisons between the groups. Accordingly, pairwise comparisons were performed with Mann-Whitney U-tests or independent t-tests (P &lt; .05).ResultsThe M3 angulation related to the PP and the IOP did not differ significantly between the extraction and nonextraction groups. The M2 angulation improved in the premolar extraction group between T0 and T1 (M2/PP, P &lt; .001). According to Archer's classification, the change in the vertical position of M3 differed significantly between the extraction and nonextraction groups (P &lt; .001).ConclusionsThe angulation of M3 improved over time regardless of the extraction decision. The vertical eruption pattern of M3 was positively influenced only in the extraction group. M2 became significantly more upright in the orthodontic extraction treatment groups.
Prediabetes Is Associated With Increased Risk of Heart Failure Among Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Huang Jia-Yi , Tse Yi-Kei , Li Hang-Long , Chen Cong , Zhao Chun-Ting , Liu Ming-Ya , Wu Mei-Zhen , Ren Qing-Wen , Yu Si-Yeung , Hung Denise , Li Xin-Li , Tse Hung-Fat , Lip Gregory Y.H. , Yiu Kai-Hang 
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the association between prediabetes and heart failure (HF) and the association of HF with changes in glycemic status.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Patients newly diagnosed with atrial fibrillation (AF) between 2015 and 2018 were divided into three groups (normoglycemia, prediabetes, and type 2 diabetes) according to their baseline glycemic status. The primary outcome was incident HF. The Fine and Gray competing risks model was applied, with death defined as the competing event.

RESULTS
Among 17,943 patients with AF (mean age 75.5 years, 47% female), 3,711 (20.7%) had prediabetes, and 10,127 (56.4%) had diabetes at baseline. Over a median follow-up of 4.7 years, HF developed in 518 (14%) patients with normoglycemia, 646 (15.7%) with prediabetes, and 1,795 (17.7%) with diabetes. Prediabetes was associated with an increased risk of HF compared with normoglycemia (subdistribution hazard ratio [SHR] 1.12, 95% CI 1.03–1.22). In patients with prediabetes at baseline, 403 (11.1%) progressed to diabetes, and 311 (8.6%) reversed to normoglycemia at 2 years. Compared with remaining prediabetic, progression to diabetes was associated with an increased risk of HF (SHR 1.50, 95% CI 1.13–1.97), whereas reversion to normoglycemia was associated with a decreased risk (SHR 0.61, 95% CI 0.42–0.94).

CONCLUSIONS
Prediabetes was associated with an increased risk of HF in patients with AF. Compared with patients who remained prediabetic, those who progressed to diabetes at 2 years experienced an increased risk of HF, whereas those who reversed to normoglycemia incurred a lower risk of HF.