bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
External validation of risk prediction scores in patients undergoing anatomic video-assisted thoracoscopic resection
Authors: Ponholzer Florian , Chorazy Karol , Ng Caecilia , Kocher Florian , Maier Herbert , Lucciarini Paolo , Öfner Dietmar , Augustin Florian 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
EuroLung Risk scores were established to predict postoperative morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing anatomic lung resections. We aimed to perform an external validation of the EuroLung scores, which were calculated from data of the European Society of Thoracic Surgeons database, in our video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery cohort.

Methods
All available EuroLung scores were calculated for 718 patients scheduled for anatomic video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery resections between 2009 and 2019. Morbidity and mortality according to the definitions of the EuroLung scores were analyzed in a prospectively maintained database.

Results
Overall observed complication rate was 10.45%. Scores showed weak individual correlation (η = 0.155–0.174). The EuroLung1 app score showed the biggest area under the receiver operative characteristic (ROC) curve with 0.660. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that predicted postoperative forced expiratory volume in 1 s was associated with increased complications in both EuroLung1 and parsimonious EuroLung1 scores. Thirty-day mortality was 0.7% (predicted 1.10–1.40%) and was associated with predicted postoperative forced expiratory volume in 1 s for both EuroLung2 and parsimonious EuroLung2 scores. The EuroLung2 (2016) showed the biggest area under the ROC curve with 0.673. Only a very weak eta correlation between predicted and observed mortality was found for both aggregate EuroLung2, EuroLung2 (2016), EuroLung2 (2019), and parsimonious EuroLung2 (2016) (η = 0.025/0.015/0.011/0.009).

Conclusion
EuroLung scores help to estimate postoperative morbidity. However, even with the highest aggregate EuroLung scores possible only 50% suffer from postoperative morbidity. Although calibration of the scores was acceptable, discrimination between predicted and observed events was poor. Therefore, individual correlation between predicted and observed events is weak. Therefore, EuroLung scores may be best used to compare institutional quality of care to the European Society of Thoracic Surgeons database but should not be used to preclude patients from surgical treatment.
External validation of the Ruptured Arteriovenous Malformation Grading Scale (RAGS) in a multicenter adult cohort
Authors: Antkowiak Lukasz , Rogalska Marta , Stogowski Piotr , Bruzzaniti Placido , Familiari Pietro , Rybaczek Magdalena , Klepinowski Tomasz , Grzyb Weronika , Zimny Mikolaj , Weclewicz Mateusz , Kasperczuk Anna , Kloc Wojciech , Rudnik Adam , Sagan Leszek , Lyson Tomasz , Mariak Zenon , Santoro Antonio , Mandera Marek 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
While Ruptured Arteriovenous Malformation Grading Scale (RAGS) has recently been validated in children, the literature lacks validation on adults exclusively. Therefore, we aimed to determine the validity of RAGS on the external multicenter adult cohort and compare its accuracy with other scales.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed in five neurosurgical departments to extract patients who presented with the first episode of acute brain arteriovenous malformation (bAVM) rupture between 2012 and 2019. Standard logistic regression and area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) calculations were performed to determine the value of the following scales: intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), AVM-associated ICH (AVICH), Spetzler-Martin (SM), Supplemented SM (Supp-SM), Hunt and Hess (HH), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), World Federation of Neurological Surgeons (WFNS), and RAGS to predict change in categorical and dichotomized modified Rankin Scale (mRS) across three follow-up periods: within the 6 months, 6 months to 1 year, and above 1 year.

Results
Sixty-one individuals with a mean age of 43.6 years were included. The RAGS outperformed other grading scales during all follow-up time frames. It showed AUROC of 0.78, 0.74, and 0.71 at the first 6 months, between 6 and 12 months, and after 12 months of follow-up, respectively, when categorized mRS was applied, while corresponding values were 0.79, 0.76, and 0.73 for dichotomized mRS, respectively.

Conclusion
The RAGS constitutes a reliable scale predicting clinical outcomes following bAVM rupture among adults. Furthermore, the RAGS proved its generalizability across medical centers with varying treatment preferences.
A multicentre evaluation and expert recommendations of use of the newly developed BioFire Joint Infection polymerase chain reaction panel
Authors: Saeed Kordo , Ahmad-Saeed Nusreen , Annett Rachel , Barlow Gavin , Barrett Lucinda , Boyd Sara E. , Boran Nicola , Davies Peter , Hughes Harriet , Jones Gwennan , Leach Laura , Lynch Maureen , Nayar Deepa , Maloney Robert J. , Marsh Martin , Milburn Olivia , Mitchell Shanine , Moffat Lynn , Moore Luke S. P. , Murphy Michael E. , O’Shea Shaan Ashk , O’Sullivan Fionnuala , Peach Teresa , Petridou Christina , Reidy Niamh , Selvaratnam Mathyruban , Talbot Ben , Taylor Vanessa , Wearmouth Deborah , Aldridge Catherine 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Septic arthritis is a serious condition with significant morbidity and mortality, routinely diagnosed using culture. The FDA has recently approved the rapid molecular BioFire® Joint Infection Panel (BJIP) for synovial fluid. We aimed to evaluate the BJIP compared to culture and its potential use in patient management. A multicentre retrospective evaluation of BJIP was conducted in the UK and Ireland. Positive percent agreement (PPA) and negative percent agreement (NPA) were calculated between the BJIP and routine culture. A multidisciplinary team (MDT) discussion addressing the optimal or potential case use of the assay practice was facilitated. Three hundred ninety-nine surplus synovial fluid samples (~ 70% from native joints) from eight centres were processed using BJIP in addition to routine culture. An increased yield of positive results was detected using BJIP compared to routine culture (98 vs 83), giving an overall PPA of 91.6% and overall NPA of 93% for the BJIP compared to culture results. The BJIP detected resistant markers and additional organisms that could influence antibiotic choices including Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Kingella kingae. The MDT agreed that the assay could be used, in addition to standard methods, in adult and children patients with specialist advice use based on local needs. Rapid results from BJIP were assessed as having potential clinical impact on patient management. Organisms not included in the panel may be clinically significant and may limit the value of this test for PJI.
Mathematics of 2-Dimensional Lattices
Authors: Kurlin Vitaliy 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA periodic lattice in Euclidean space is the infinite set of all integer linear combinations of basis vectors. Any lattice can be generated by infinitely many different bases. This ambiguity was partially resolved, but standard reductions remain discontinuous under perturbations modelling atomic displacements. This paper completes a continuous classification of 2-dimensional lattices up to Euclidean isometry (or congruence), rigid motion (without reflections), and similarity (with uniform scaling). The new homogeneous invariants allow easily computable metrics on lattices considered up to the equivalences above. The metrics up to rigid motion are especially non-trivial and settle all remaining questions on (dis)continuity of lattice bases. These metrics lead to real-valued chiral distances that continuously measure lattice deviations from higher-symmetry neighbours. The geometric methods extend the past work of Delone, Conway, and Sloane.
Seismic fatality risk evaluation framework for existing buildings in Switzerland
Authors: Arslantürkoglu Safak , Stojadinovic Bozidar 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Swiss code SIA 269/8 for the seismic evaluation of existing structures is risk-based. It relies on the compliance factor αeff, defined as the ratio of the seismic capacity of an existing structure to the required seismic capacity of a hypothetical identical new structure, to indirectly evaluate the casualty risk posed by the existing structure. While it is convenient to have a direct relationship between the casualty risk and the degree of code compliance of the existing structure, it is debatable if the contributions of the seismic hazard, structural performance and occupancy to the casualty risk should be merged into a single quantity, conflicting with the multi-component nature of seismic risk. This paper presents a graphical framework to evaluate the seismic fatality risk for existing buildings. The framework is based on the PEER Center performance-based earthquake engineering methodology to provide a transparent view of the contributions of different sources of hazard and risk. Starting from a seismic hazard model, probabilistic seismic demand, damage and loss models are introduced, taking the uncertainty into account at each step. The final product of the proposed framework, a loss curve representing the (annual) exceedance rate of fatality counts, enables engineers and building owners to make better, risk-based decisions. The proposed framework is demonstrated for an existing building in Switzerland. Notably, in addition to the SIA 269/8 evaluation method, this demonstration compares eight hybrid approaches differentiated by the utilized structural assessment techniques (nonlinear static pushover vs. incremental dynamic analysis), uncertainty propagation in the demand model (record variability only vs. record variability and epistemic uncertainty) and solution strategies (closed-form vs. numerical) to find a practical compromise between the accuracy and the computational effort. A comparison of the obtained results shows that the SIA 269/8 evaluation method underestimates the fatality risk for the presented building and identifies a practical alternative based on the proposed graphical framework.
Reflections on Turkish Personal Data Protection Law and Genetic Data in Focus Group Discussions
Authors: Özkan Özlem , Şahinol Melike , Aydinoglu Arsev Umur , Aydin Son Yesim 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Since the 1970s and more rigorously since the 1990s, many countries have regulated data protection and privacy laws in order to ensure the safety and privacy of personal data. First, a comparison is made of different acts regarding genetic information that are in force in the EU, the USA, and China. In Turkey, changes were adopted only recently following intense debates. This study aims to explore the experts’ opinions on the regulations of the health information systems, data security, privacy, and confidentiality in Turkey, with a particular focus on genetic data, which is more sensitive than other health data as it is a permanent identifier that is inherited to next of kin and shared with other family members. Two focus groups with 18 experts and stakeholders were conducted, discussing topics such as central data collection, legalized data sharing, and the management of genetic information in health information systems. The article concludes that the new Turkish personal data protection law is problematic as the frame of collectible data is wide-ranging, and the exceptions are extensive. Specific laws or articles dedicated to genetic data that also overlook the dimension of discrimination based on genetic differences in Turkey should be taken into consideration. In broader terms, it is intended to put up for discussion that in addition to ethical aspects, economic aspects and legal aspects of health should be included in the discussion to be carried out within the framework of socio-political analyses with culture-specific approaches and cross-culture boundaries simultaneously.
Establishment and characterization of urothelial carcinoma cell lines with and without BRAF mutation (V595E) in dogs
Authors: Yamasaki Hirofumi , Uematsu Yosuke , Okano Kumiko , Ichikawa Mika , Tei Meina , Hirabayashi Miyuki , Uchida Kazuyuki , Ono Kenichiro , Hirao Hidehiro 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Each 5 urothelial carcinoma (UC) cell lines with and without the v-Raf murine sarcoma virus oncogene homolog B (BRAF) gene mutation (V595E) were established and examined V595E-related tumorigenic characteristics in dogs. No typical morphological features were observed in cloned cells with and without V595E. The cell proliferation of both cloned cells showed logarithmic growth curve and those doubling time were 24.9 ± 4.1 h in V595E ( +) and 29.3 ± 11.3 h in V595E ( −). On the growth curve of xenotransplanted tumor in severe combined immunodeficiency mice, 3 out of 5 V595E ( +) and 2 out of 5 V595E ( −) cloned cells revealed gradually and remarkably increasing curve, indicating clearly tumorigenicity. The xenotransplanted tumors with V595E ( +) showed typical features of UC, such as solid proliferation of pleomorphic tumor cells, formation of papillary structure, and glandular structure. Additionally, various vascular formation was observed, probably indicating an advanced growth phase of UC. In mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, cytoplasmic phosphorylated-BRAF (pBRAF) and cytoplasmic and nuclear phosphorylated-ERK1/2 (pERK1/2) were detected in all 4 tumors with V595E ( +), whereas only cytoplasmic and nuclear pERK1/2 was detected in tumors with V595E ( −). Since V595E can directly activate MAPK signaling pathway, coincidence of V595E with pBRAF (phosphor Thr598/Ser601) indicates acquired resistance to BRAF inhibitors. These established UC cell lines, especially V595E ( +) cell lines, are useful tool for understanding pathophysiological states and controlling therapeutic manners of UC in dogs.
What is mathematics teaching talk for? A response based on three sites of practice in mathematics education
Authors: Planas Núria , Adler Jill , Mwadzaangati Lisnet 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDuring the last decades, the study of how learners and teachers of mathematics use the resource of language has contributed to our understanding of mathematics teaching and learning in a variety of classrooms and cultures. Developmental work with mathematics teachers on the particular resource of mathematics teaching talk is more recent. In order to explore responses related to the importance of this talk, in this paper we consider three sites of practice in mathematics education—research, professional development and teaching—and illustrations of data from or about them, including studies from the literature, and work with secondary school mathematics teachers in Catalonia-Spain and Malawi around the teaching of angles. We argue that tensions permeate these sites of practice when a focus is placed on word use, specifically the practices of naming and explaining, in mathematics teaching talk. We conclude that the importance of mathematics teaching talk is construed through tensions with other resources in language and teaching. Tensions specifically appear in the realisation of mathematics teaching talk as mediational in the work with mathematics teachers on their classroom teaching.
Responsible Innovation and De Jure Standardisation: An In-Depth Exploration of Moral Motives, Barriers, and Facilitators
Authors: Wiarda Martijn , van de Kaa Geerten , Doorn Neelke , Yaghmaei Emad 
Published: December 2022

AbstractStandardisation is increasingly seen as a means to insert ethics in innovation processes. We examine the institutionalisation of responsible innovation in de jure standardisation as this is an important but unexplored research area. In de jure standardisation, stakeholders collaborate in committees to develop standards. We adopt the anticipation, inclusion, reflexivity, and responsiveness responsible innovation framework as our theoretical lens. Our study suggests that responsible standardisation processes should embody forms of these four dimensions. We investigate the institutionalisation of these dimensions and identify 96 factors that can motivate, hinder, or facilitate responsible standardisation. Factors were found through in-depth interviews with managers of a standard developing organisation. These are subsequently validated/rejected using surveys completed by committee representatives. The results suggest that the social desirability of standards is not self-evident. This study could pave the way for future research on responsible standardisation processes, complementing research on legitimacy, responsible innovation, and standardisation.
Medical students’ career decision-making stress during clinical clerkships
Authors: Fris Daan A. H. , Van Vianen Annelies E. M. , Koen Jessie , De Hoog Matthijs , De Pagter Anne P. J. 
Published: December 2022

Objectives Many medical students experience career decision-making stress in the
final phase of training. Yet, the factors that induce or reduce career decision- making
stress and how progression in their clerkships relates to these factors are unknown.
This knowledge gap limits the possibilities for medical schools to develop and implement
interventions targeting students’ career decision-making stress. This study explores
content, process, and context factors that may affect career decision-making
stress. Methods Using cross-sectional survey data from medical master students (n=
507), we assessed content (future work self ), process (choice irreversibility, time
pressure, career decision-making self-efficacy), and context (supervisory support,
medical school support, study load, competition) factors and their relationships with
career decision-making stress. The hypothesized relationships were tested with
structural equation modelling. Results A clearer future work self and higher
career decision self-efficacy were associated with lower career decision-making stress,
while experienced time pressure, competition, and study load were associated with higher
career decision-making stress. Choice-irreversibility beliefs, supervisory support, and
medical school support were unrelated to career decision-making stress. As students’
clerkships progressed, they gained a clearer future work self, but also experienced more
time pressure. Discussion Clinical clerkships help students to form a clearer
future work self, which can diminish career decision-making stress. Yet, students also
experience more time pressure as the period of clerkships lengthens, which can increase
career decision-making stress. A school climate of high competition and study load seems
to foster career decision-making stress, while school support hardly seems effective in
diminishing this stress.
Harnessing a knowledge translation framework to implement an undergraduate medical
education intervention: A longitudinal study
Authors: Chamberland Martine , Setrakian Jean , Bergeron Linda , Varpio Lara , St-Onge Christina , Thomas Aliki 
Published: December 2022

Introduction Implementation of evidence-informed educational interventions (EEI)
involves applying and adapting theoretical and scientific knowledge to a specific
context. Knowledge translation (KT) approaches can both facilitate and structure the
process. The purpose of this paper is to describe lessons learned from applying a KT
approach to help implement an EEI for clinical reasoning in medical students.
Methods Using the Knowledge to Action framework, we designed and implemented an EEI
intended to support the development of students’ clinical reasoning skills in a renewed
medical curriculum. Using mixed-methods design, we monitored students’ engagement with
the EEI longitudinally through a platform log; we conducted focus groups with students
and stakeholders, and observed the unfolding of the implementation and its continuation.
Data are reported according to six implementation outcomes: Fidelity, Feasibility,
Appropriateness, Acceptability, Adoption, and Penetration. Results Students spent a
mean of 24min on the activity (fidelity outcome) with a high completion rate (between
75% and 95%; feasibility outcome) of the entire activity each time it was done. Focus
group data from students and stakeholders suggest that the activity was acceptable,
appropriate, feasible, adopted and well-integrated into the curriculum.
Occurrence of Iron in the Minerals of Carboniferous Coal Gangue of the Pingshuo Open-pit Mine, North China
Authors: Liu Lihui , Liu Qinfu , Li Yakui , Cao Haiyue , Kang Xingjian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe state of iron in coal gangue minerals is an important factor in determining the potential for value-added utilization of this solid waste; this is especially true for the coal gangue coming from the Pingshuo open-pit mine in China. The objective of the present study was to characterize the petrological, mineralogical, and chemical states of Fe in the coal gangue from the Carboniferous Taiyuan Formation. Methods used included polarizing microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM–EDS), X-ray fluorescence, micro-Fourier-transform infrared (micro-FTIR) spectroscopy, and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The coal gangues are mudstones, silty mudstones, and pelitic siltstones, which are composed primarily of kaolinite, quartz, feldspar, pyrite, illite, and magnesite. In coal gangue, the Fe was found to occur in ferruginous minerals, in crystal-lattice substitutions, or in a colloidal state. The ferruginous minerals in the coal gangue are pyrite and marcasite, and the pyrite morphologies are framboidal, euhedral octahedral crystals, subhedral granular crystals, and irregular crystals. The results of SEM–EDS and micro-FTIR confirmed that the lattice substitution of Fe in the coal gangue minerals occurred mainly in kaolinite, resulting in two types of kaolinite: iron-containing and iron-free kaolinite. The former may be transformed from volcanic biotite and the latter from volcanic feldspar. The Mössbauer spectra of kaolinite showed intense doublets with isomer shift and quadrupole splitting values consistent with tetrahedrally coordinated Fe3+ and ocahedrally coordinated Fe2+, suggesting the presence of two types of substitution sites: (1) Fe2+ replacing Al3+ in the octahedral sheet; and (2) Fe3+ replacing Si4+ in the tetrahedral sheet. This study has important theoretical significance for the high-value utilization of coal gangue.
The impact of consanguinity on human health and disease with an emphasis on rare diseases
Authors: Temaj G. , Nuhii N. , Sayer J. A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Consanguinity increases the likelihood of the inheritance of homozygous pathogenic alleles which may predispose to rare autosomal recessive disorders. Here we discuss the role of consanguinity in informing inherited disease with a focus on rare diseases.

Methods
We reviewed the literature concerning the impact of consanguinity on human diseases and chose examples to illustrate the most important themes.

Results
Consanguinity rates vary hugely between different populations influencing the prevalence of rare autosomal recessive diseases. Some founder genetic variants leading to human disease are specific for a single country, or a specific ethnic or geographic group while others are shared more widely. Inherited diseases of known molecular genetic etiology are characterized by their genotype and phenotype but many exhibit marked heterogeneity which may be population dependent. Increased rates of consanguinity are associated with rare autosomal recessive inherited diseases and can lead to more than one human genetic disease in affected individuals leading to complex and overlapping phenotypes. Next-generation sequencing strategies allow new insights into these cases. In contrast, the impact of consanguinity on malignancies and common multifactorial diseases is less predictable and needs further exploration.

Conclusions
High rates of consanguinity remain prevalent in certain populations and lead to an increased burden of rare autosomal recessive inherited diseases. Strategies to reduce consanguinity are needed to reduce these disease consequences and will require global improvements in education, social, and economic conditions.