bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intelligent metasurfaces: control, communication and computing
Authors: Li Lianlin , Zhao Hanting , Liu Che , Li Long , Cui Tie Jun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractControlling electromagnetic waves and information simultaneously by information metasurfaces is of central importance in modern society. Intelligent metasurfaces are smart platforms to manipulate the wave–information–matter interactions without manual intervention by synergizing engineered ultrathin structures with active devices and algorithms, which evolve from the passive composite materials for tailoring wave–matter interactions that cannot be achieved in nature. Here, we review the recent progress of intelligent metasurfaces in wave–information–matter controls by providing the historical background and underlying physical mechanisms. Then we explore the application of intelligent metasurfaces in developing novel wireless communication architectures, with particular emphasis on metasurface-modulated backscatter wireless communications. We also explore the wave-based computing by using the intelligent metasurfaces, focusing on the emerging research direction in intelligent sensing. Finally, we comment on the challenges and highlight the potential routes for the further developments of the intelligent metasurfaces for controls, communications and computing.
Resilience-enhancing interventions for antepartum depressive symptoms: systematic review
Authors: Walker Annika L. , Witteveen Anke B. , Otten René H. J. , Verhoeven Corine J. , Henrichs Jens , de Jonge Ank 
Published: May 2022

Background
Antepartum depressive symptoms (ADS) are highly prevalent and may affect the mother and child. Cognitive–behavioural therapy and interpersonal therapy are effective psychological interventions for depression. However, low adherence and high attrition rates in studies of prevention and treatment of antepartum depression suggest that these approaches might not be entirely suitable for women with mild/moderate ADS. Considering the protective association between resilience and ADS, women with ADS might benefit more from interventions focusing on promotion of mental well-being and resilience.

Aims
We aimed to provide an overview of studies evaluating the effectiveness of antepartum resilience-enhancing interventions targeting the improvement of ante- and postpartum depressive symptoms. We also investigated whether these interventions improve resilience and resilience factors in the peripartum period.

Method
We conducted a systematic review, using PRISMA guidelines. Studies were eligible for inclusion when they utilised a randomised controlled trial or quasi-experimental design, studied pregnant women with ADS, and implemented psychological interventions that (a) aimed to reduce maternal ADS and/or prevent peripartum major depression, and (b) addressed one or more psychological resilience factors.

Results
Five of the six included cognitive–behavioural therapy interventions and all four mindfulness-based interventions were effective in reducing peripartum depressive symptoms and/or the incidence of depression. However, the methodological quality of most of the included studies was low to moderate. Only three studies assessed change in resilience factors.

Conclusions
Resilience-enhancing interventions might be beneficial for mental well-being of pregnant women with ADS, although more rigorously designed intervention studies are needed.
Staging Mirrors
Authors: McKee C.C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis essay deploys Lacanian psychoanalysis and Black feminist theory to assert that the prominent use of mirrors in the paintings and sculptures of Deborah Anzinger, a contemporary Kingston-based Jamaican artist, are crucial to understanding subjectivity as inextricable from tropical ecology in her practice. Within what Anzinger terms an “aesthetic syntax,” the mirror is a catalyst around which her abstract compositions—which include paint, clay, synthetic hair, and Aloe barbadensis plants—conceptualize a racialized and gendered self that emerges from the reflective interaction between queer Black femininity and Caribbean ecologies. The fluid interdependence of bodies and landscapes in these works theorizes what this essay names a black ontological dehiscence that is capable of holding the afterlives of slavery together with other, ecologically porous forms of personhood. The artworks investigate the relational property of racialized and gendered alterity and open onto a psychoanalytic field of inquiry informed by Black feminist thought to unravel the colonizing borders of intersubjectivity and blur the distinction between desire and jouissance. Placing Lacan's theorization of the mirror stage in relation to the black aesthetic of Anzinger's works situates the psychoanalytic subject within an expanded field. Attending to the environments reflected in Anzinger's mirrors reveals the ecological inflections suggested by Lacanian subjectivity but never recognized within it. Moreover, the subject's fragmented coherence before the mirror elucidates Anzinger's approach as one that embraces ontological dehiscence as an ecologically relational position materially and psychically entangled with the world.
Still Life
Authors: Ruprecht Louis A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis essay explores the subtle interplay between sculptural bodies and animate bodies by exploring several “moments” in the history of classical and neoclassical aesthetics. These exemplary moments include the ancient Roman period (Pliny's reflections on Greek sculpture); the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries (Winckelmann's reflections on Greek sculpture and later Italian excavations at Pompeii); the twentieth century (Nazi adaptations of ancient Greek sculpture in Munich); and the twenty-first century (recurring discussion of polychromatic Greek art). Given that most of the art under discussion was “pagan,” this slippage between sculptural bodies and animate bodies highlights the presence of desire, specifically a desire for forbidden bodies.
Residual force enhancement is reduced in permeabilized fiber bundles from mdm muscles
Authors: Mishra Dhruv , Nishikawa Kiisa C. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Residual force enhancement (RFE) is the increase in steady-state force after active stretch relative to the force during isometric contraction at the same final length. The muscular dystrophy with myositis (mdm) mutation in mice, characterized by a small deletion in N2A titin, has been proposed to prevent N2A titin–actin interactions so that active mdm muscles are more compliant than wild type (WT). This decrease in active muscle stiffness is associated with reduced RFE. We investigated RFE in permeabilized soleus (SOL) and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) fiber bundles from WT and mdm mice. On each fiber bundle, we performed active and passive stretches from an average sarcomere length of 2.6–3.0 µm at a slow rate of 0.04 µm s−1, as well as isometric contractions at the initial and final lengths. One-way ANOVA showed that SOL and EDL fiber bundles from mdm mice exhibited significantly lower RFE than WT mice (P&lt;0.0001). This result is consistent with previous observations in single myofibrils and intact muscles. However, it contradicts the results from a previous study that appeared to show that compensatory mechanisms could restore titin force enhancement in single fibers from mdm psoas. We suggest that RFE measured previously in mdm single fibers was an artifact of the high variability in passive tension found in degenerating fibers, which begins after ∼24 days of age. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that RFE is reduced in mdm skeletal muscles owing to impaired Ca2+-dependent titin–actin interactions resulting from the small deletion in N2A titin.
Modelling of magnetic microbubbles to evaluate contrast enhanced magnetomotive ultrasound in lymph nodes – a pre-clinical study
Authors: Sjöstrand Sandra , Bacou Marion , Kaczmarek Katarzyna , Evertsson Maria , Svensson Ingrid K , Thomson Adrian JW , Farrington Susan M , Moug Susan J , Jansson Tomas , Moran Carmel M. , Mulvana Helen 
Published: May 2022

Objectives:Despite advances in MRI the detection and characterisation of lymph nodes in rectal cancer remains complex, especially when assessing the response to neoadjuvant treatment. An alternative approach is functional imaging, previously shown to aid characterisation of cancer tissues. We report proof of concept of the novel technique Contrast-Enhanced Magneto-Motive Ultrasound (CE-MMUS) to recover information relating to local perfusion and lymphatic drainage, and interrogate tissue mechanical properties through magnetically induced deformations.Methods:The feasibility of the proposed application was explored using a combination of experimental animal and phantom ultrasound imaging, along with finite element analysis. First, contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging on one wild type mouse recorded lymphatic drainage of magnetic microbubbles after bolus injection. Second, tissue phantoms were imaged using MMUS to illustrate the force- and elasticity dependence of the magnetomotion. Third, the magnetomechanical interactions of a magnetic microbubble with an elastic solid were simulated using finite element software.Results:Accumulation of magnetic microbubbles in the inguinal lymph node was verified using contrast enhanced ultrasound, with peak enhancement occurring 3.7 s post-injection. The magnetic microbubble gave rise to displacements depending on force, elasticity, and bubble radius, indicating an inverse relation between displacement and the latter two.Conclusion:Combining magnetic microbubbles with MMUS could harness the advantages of both techniques, to provide perfusion information, robust lymph node delineation and characterisation based on mechanical properties.Advances in knowledge:(a) Lymphatic drainage of magnetic microbubbles visualised using contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging and (b) magnetomechanical interactions between such bubbles and surrounding tissue could both contribute to (c) robust detection and characterisation of lymph nodes.
High-resolution ultrasonography of gingival biomarkers for periodontal diagnosis in healthy and diseased subjects
Authors: Moore Colman A , Law Jane K , Retout Maurice , Pham Christopher T , Chang Kai Chiao J , Chen Casey , Jokerst Jesse V 
Published: May 2022

Objective: To determine the capacity of ultrasonographic image-based measurements of gingival height and alveolar bone level for monitoring periodontal health and disease. Methods: Sixteen subjects were recruited from patients scheduled to receive dental care and classified as periodontally healthy (n = 10) or diseased (n = 6) according to clinical guidelines. A 40-MHz ultrasound system was used to measure gingival recession, gingival height, alveolar bone level, and gingival thickness from 66 teeth for comparison to probing measurements of pocket depth and clinical attachment level. Interexaminer variability and comparison between ultrasound measurements and probing measurements was performed via Bland-Altman analysis. Results: Gingival recession and its risk in non-recessed patients could be determined via measurement of the supra- and subgingival cementoenamel junction relative to the gingival margin. Interexaminer bias for ultrasound image analysis was negligible (<0.10 mm) for imaged gingival height (iGH) and 0.45 mm for imaged alveolar bone level (iABL). Diseased subjects had significantly higher imaging measurements (iGH, iABL) and clinical measurements (probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level) than healthy subjects (p < 0.05). Subtraction of the average biologic width from iGH resulted in 83% agreement (≤1 mm difference) between iGH and probing pocket depth measurements. Conclusions: Ultrasonography has an equivalent diagnostic capacity as gold-standard physical probing for periodontal metrics while offering more detailed anatomical information.
Alternative methods for skeletal maturity estimation with the EOS scanner—Experience from 934 patients
Authors: Schlégl Ádám Tibor , O’Sullivan Ian , Varga Péter , Than Péter , Vermes Csaba 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundHand-wrist bone age assessment methods are not possible on typical EOS 2D/3D images without body position modifications that may affect spinal position. We aimed to identify and assess lesser known bone age assessment alternatives that may be applied retrospectively and without the need for extra imaging.Materials and methodsAfter review of 2857 articles, nine bone age methods were selected and applied retrospectively in pilot study (thirteen individuals), followed by evaluation of EOS images of 934 4-24-year-olds. Difficulty of assessment and time taken were recorded, and reliability calculated.ResultsFive methods proved promising after pilot study. Risser ‘plus’ could be applied with no difficulty in 89.5% of scans (836/934) followed by the Oxford hip method (78.6%, 734/934), cervical (79.0%, 738/934), calcaneus (70.8%, 669/934) and the knee (68.2%, 667/934). Calcaneus and cervical methods proved to be fastest at 17.7s (95% confidence interval, 16.0s to 19.38s & 26.5s (95% CI, 22.16s to 30.75s), respectively, with Oxford hip the slowest at 82.0 s (95% CI, 76.12 to 87.88s). Difficulties included: regions lying outside of the image—assessment was difficult or impossible in upper cervical vertebrae (46/934 images 4.9%) and calcaneus methods (144/934 images, 15.4%); position: lower step length was associated with difficult lateral knee assessment & head/hand position with cervical evaluation; and resolution: in the higher stages of the hip, calcaneal and knee methods.ConclusionsHip, iliac crest and cervical regions can be assessed on the majority of EOS scans and may be useful for retrospective application. Calcaneus evaluation is a simple and rapidly applicable method that may be appropriate if consideration is given to include full imaging of the foot.
Association of maternal high-risk fertility behavior and under-five mortality in Ethiopia: Community-based survey
Authors: Asresie Melash Belachew , Dagnew Gizachew Worku 
Published: May 2022

Background
High-risk fertility behavior is a major public health concern in low and middle-income countries including Ethiopia. Some studies show that the relationship between high-risk fertility behavior and child mortality has analyzed each fertility behavior individually. Yet, there are limited studies that have analyzed outcomes associated with the joint impact of high-risk fertility behaviors. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the individual and combined influence of high-risk fertility behavior on under-five mortalities in Ethiopia.

Methods
Data from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey were used analyzed. A total of 10,773 mothers who gave live births were included in the final analysis. Both descriptive and bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed using STATA V.14.

Results
Overall, 62.1%, 24.0%, and 2.3% of women experienced at least one, two, and three high-risk fertility behaviors, respectively. In the multivariable analysis, under-five mortality was significantly associated with a combination of two or more maternal high-risk fertility behaviors. The odds of under-five mortality among children of women who were engaged in a combination of two high-risk fertility behaviors (AOR = 2.17, 95%CI: 1.52–3.08) and three high-risk fertility behaviors (AOR = 3.69, 95%CI:1.80, 7.55) was higher compared to children of women who have not engaged any high-risk fertility behaviors.

Conclusion
This study revealed that a single high-risk fertility behavior was not associated with under-five mortality, yet the presence of two or more maternal high-risk fertility behaviors was an important factor that increased the likelihood of under-five child death. Thus, special emphasis should be given to children of women who engage in a combination of high-risk fertility behaviors. Furthermore, more emphasis should be placed on increasing access to family planning services and raising awareness about high-risk reproductive behaviors among Ethiopian women.
Determinants of neonatal near miss among neonates admitted to public hospitals in Southern Ethiopia, 2021: A case-control study
Authors: Habte Aklilu , Lukas Kaleegziabher , Melis Tamirat , Tamene Aiggan , Sahle Tadesse , Hailu Mulugeta , Gizachew Addisalem 
Published: May 2022

Background
Neonatal near-miss (NNM) cases refer to situations in which babies are on the verge of dying between the ages of 0 and 28 days due to severe morbidity that occurs during pregnancy, delivery, or extra-uterine life, but survive either by luck or due to high-quality health care. Identifying NNM cases and addressing their determinants is crucial for devising comprehensive and relevant interventions to tackle neonatal morbidity and mortality. Hence, this study aimed at finding out the determinants of NNM in neonates admitted to public hospitals in Hadiya zone, southern Ethiopia.

Methods
A hospital-based unmatched case-control study was conducted in three selected hospitals in southern Ethiopia from May 1 to June 30, 2021. A total of 484 participants took part in the study (121 cases and 363 controls). Controls were chosen using systematic sampling approaches, whereas cases were recruited consecutively at the time of discharge. Cases were selected based on the Latin American Centre for Perinatology (CLAP) criteria of an NNM. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and a data extraction checklist were used for data collection. The Data were entered into Epi-Data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. A multivariable logistic regression analysis with a p-value of <0.05 was used to determine the determinants of NNM.

Results
Ninety-seven (80.1%) and 56 (46.2%) near-miss cases encountered at least one pragmatic and management criteria, respectively. The most common pragmatic and management criteria were gestational age less than 33 weeks (44.6%) and intravenous antibiotic usage up to 7 days and before 28 days of life (27.3%), respectively. A short birth interval [AOR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.29, 3.57], lack of ANC [AOR = 3.37; 95%CI: 1.35, 6.39], Caesarean mode of delivery [AOR = 2.24; 95%CI: 1.20, 4.16], the occurrence of a third maternal delay [AOR = 3.47; 95% CI: 2.11, 5.75], and poor birth preparedness and complication readiness (BPCR) plan[AOR = 2.50; 95% CI: 1.49,4.13] were identified as a significant determinants of NNM.

Conclusion and recommendation
The provision of adequate ANC should be a priority for health care providers at service delivery points. To avoid serious neonatal problems, mothers who deliver by Cesarean section should receive more attention from their families and health care providers. Health care providers in the ANC unit should encourage pregnant women to implement the WHO-recommended elements of the BPCR plan. To achieve optimal birth spacing, healthcare providers should focus on the contraceptive provision. Unnecessary delays in health facilities during childbirth should be avoided at all costs.
Association of the incidence of atopic dermatitis until 3 years old with climate conditions in the first 6 months of life: Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS)
Authors: Yokomichi Hiroshi , Mochizuki Mie , Shinohara Ryoji , Kushima Megumi , Horiuchi Sayaka , Kojima Reiji , Ooka Tadao , Akiyama Yuka , Miyake Kunio , Otawa Sanae , Yamagata Zentaro ,   on behalf of the Japan Environment and Children’s Study Group
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveTo determine the climate conditions that affect the incidence of atopic dermatitis from infancy to 3 years old.Study designWe analyzed 100,303 children born from 2011 to 2014 for follow-up until 3 years old using cohort data from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study. The study included 15 Regional Centers, including 19 prefectures across Japan. We used meteorological data of the Japan Meteorological Agency. We calculated the hazard ratio (HR) of the standard deviation and low vs. high mean values of several climate conditions in children in their first 6 months of life to determine the incidence of atopic dermatitis.ResultsThe Kaplan–Meier curve showed that children born in the months of October to December had the highest incidence of atopic dermatitis. Among climate conditions, a one standard deviation increase in the temperature (HR = 0.87), minimum temperature (HR = 0.87), and vapor pressure (HR = 0.87) showed the lowest HRs for the incidence of atopic dermatitis. These results were confirmed by an analysis by strata of the birth season. A low vapor pressure (HR = 1.26, p<0.0001) and the combination of a low mean temperature or low mean minimum temperature and low vapor pressure (HR = 1.26, p<0.0001) were associated with the highest incidence of atopic dermatitis. These results were consistent when they were adjusted for a maternal and paternal history of allergy and the prefecture of birth.ConclusionAmong climate conditions, a low vapor pressure is the most strongly associated with a high incidence of atopic dermatitis. Measuring vapor pressure may be useful for preventing atopic dermatitis.
Prognostic value of the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in lung cancer patients receiving immunotherapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Haoyu , Li Cui , Yang Ruiyuan , Jin Jing , Liu Dan , Li Weimin 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundCurrent studies have revealed that the platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) may lead to a poor prognosis in lung cancer patients receiving immunotherapy. We conducted a meta-analysis to explore the prognostic value of PLR in lung cancer patients receiving immunotherapy.MethodsWe retrieved potential studies from the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus databases up to June 2021 and merged the hazard ratios (HRs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to evaluate the association between PLR and overall survival (OS) or progression-free survival.ResultsFourteen studies involving 1761 patients were included in our meta-analysis. The results indicated that an elevated level of pretreatment PLR was associated with poorer OS and PFS in lung cancer patients receiving immunotherapy (OS: HR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.37–2.58; PFS: HR = HR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.11–1.76). The association remained consistent after subgroup analysis and was robust even after sensitivity analysis.ConclusionsPLR may be a prognostic factor of lung cancer patients receiving immunotherapy, which can lead to worse survival outcomes. However, further studies are necessary for evidence in clinical application.
Expansion of positivity to a class of doubly nonlinear parabolic equations
Authors: Henriques Eurica 
Published: May 2022

We establish the expansion of positivity of the nonnegative, local, weak solutions to the class of doubly nonlinear parabolic equations

∂
t

(

u

q

)
−
div
⁡

(

|

D
u

|

p
−
2

D
u
)

=
0
,

p
>
1

and

q
>
0

considering separately the two possible cases
q
+
1
−
p
>
0
and
q
+
1
−
p
<
0
. The proof relies on the procedure presented by DiBenedetto, Gianazza and Vespri for both the degenerate and the singular parabolic
p
-Laplacian equation.