bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ACNNapproach based on correlation metrics to chemical process fault classifications with limited labelled data
Authors: Yin Min , Li Jince , Li Hongguang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel correlation metrics‐based convolutional neural network (CNN) classification model for chemical process fault diagnoses, creating a heuristic representation concerning process variable locations in grey correlation space (GCS) in terms of the copula entropy to guide the learning of classifiers. The proposed method based on correlation metrics can help solve the problem of insufficient information caused by a lack of labelled data. Specifically, variable correlations are fused into a heuristic matrix to provide prior knowledge for network learning in compensating data information before the CNN is employed to build the classifier for mining features in GCS. Driven by this mechanism, fault classifications in the case of small numbers of fault samples are successfully implemented. With successful simulation experiments carried out on the Tennessee Eastman (TE) process platform, we found that in GCS, different fault samples can represent hugely different features, while data resulting from the same fault rarely contribute to different ones. This observation lays a solid foundation for constructing superior fault classifiers. In addition, compared with conventional approaches, the proposed method has demonstrated better fault classification performances in the case of limited labelled fault samples.
The usage of cybernetic in complex software systems and its application to the deterministic multithreading
Authors: Bozkurt Erkam Murat 
Published: November 2022

AbtractIn this paper, a new cybernetic control technology that can be used in complex software systems will be introduced. In this approach, the software systems are governed by cybernetic control objects and the class libraries defining the types of these cybernetic control objects are produced by special meta‐programming platforms. In this approach, the requirements of the software to be developed are received from the programmer by meta‐programming systems before coding. Actually, the cybernetic control objects have standard design and properties and the programmers only determine the quantities and the locations of these properties before library production process. Then, the meta‐programming platforms build project‐specific class libraries based on previously determined code templates. By this way, the cybernetic control objects are constructed with optimal memory and they can receive feedback about ongoing operations on the process. With the help of the feedback coming from the process, the control objects steer the process in the line of the programmer directives. By this way, the control of the programmer on the software increases significantly. In addition, in this paper, a typical application of this approach to the multithread programming will be introduced.
A novel pilot power allocation method based on energy efficiency maximization in massive MIMO systems for future generation wireless technologies
Authors: Dikmen Osman , Pakyurek Muhammet , Kulac Selman 
Published: November 2022

SummaryIn this paper, we propose a novel pilot power allocation method that focuses on the maximization of the energy efficiency. The core algorithm of this method, which is a dynamic approach that takes into account signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise ratio (SINR), is called pilot power allocation polarizing SINRs (PS‐PPA). The aim is to maximize the energy efficiency of the system along with the proposed pilot power allocation method using this algorithm in a multi‐cell multi‐user massive multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) system. The algorithm determines difference between average SINR per cell and SINRs of users individually, during the scan of the whole cells sequentially. Therefore, it always updates the allocation for the latest SINR of users in power updates to improve the energy efficiency of the system. In power updates, PS‐PPA calculates weights using an exponential function of the SINR difference. This weighting function is defined for each real number, so it can always result in a specific number. In addition, the weighting function is performed in the [
] range where the power values are predefined. The energy efficiency of the system is measured in a number of simulations by calculating the average SINR per cell. Furthermore, all these performance results are obtained for equal pilot power allocation (EPPA) and water‐filling pilot power allocation (WF‐PPA) schemes. As a result of simulation results, proposed pilot power allocation method has proven to be more superior than EPPA and WF‐PPA methods.
Morphology and ultrastructure of antennal sensilla of the parasitic wasp Baryscapus dioryctriae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)
Authors: Chen Qi , Li Lanqin , Kang Guoqing , Zuo Tongtong , Zhang Kaipeng , Song Liwen , Zhu Xiaoyan , Ke Haoqin , Huang Minjia , Zhao Jingyi , Wang Zizhuo , Yu Qiling , Liu Qingxin , Zhang Junjie , Ren Bingzhong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBaryscapus dioryctriae is an endoparasitic wasp in the pupae of many Pyralidae pests, such as Dioryctria mendacella, Ostrinia furnacalis, and Chilo suppressalis. To provide requisite background for our ongoing research on the mechanisms of host location in B. dioryctriae, the morphology, abundance, distribution, and ultrastructure of the antennal sensilla were investigated using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The geniculate antennae of B. dioryctriae are composed of scape, pedicel, and flagellum. Eight types of sensilla including Böhm sensilla, chaetica, trichodea, basiconic capitate peg, campaniformia, placodea, coeloconica, and sensilla styloconicum with a long hair were identified on both sexes. Sexual dimorphism exists in the antennae of B. dioryctriae. The number of flagellomere in males is over females, and the subtypes and abundance of sensilla are also different between the sexes. Additionally, the possible functions of distinct sensilla were discussed, which varies from olfaction, contact chemoreceptive, mechanoreception to hygro‐/thermoreception, especially, the sensilla trichodea and placodea might be involved in olfactory perception in B. dioryctriae. These results provide an essential basis for further study on chemical communication between B. dioryctriae and their hosts, and contribute to the development of B. dioryctriae becoming an effective biocontrol agent against the pests of agriculture and forestry.
Different clinical and genetic features of Alagille patients with progressive disease versus a jaundice‐free course
Authors: Chiang Che‐Ming , Jeng Yung‐Ming , Ho Ming‐Chih , Lai Ming‐Wei , Li Huei‐Ying , Chen Pei‐Lung , Lee Ni‐Chung , Wu Jia‐Feng , Chiu Yu‐Chun , Liou Bang‐Yu , Ni Yen‐Hsuan , Hsu Hong‐Yuan , Chang Mei‐Hwei , Chen Huey‐Ling 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground and AimAlagille syndrome (ALGS) is a multisystem disorder with variable clinical courses. This study investigated the clinical and genetic features of ALGS patients with different outcomes and analyzed the liver pathology at liver transplantation (LT) compared with that in biliary atresia (BA).MethodsWe report the clinical characteristics, outcomes, and genetic mutations of 25 children with ALGS followed for a median of 7.3 years. Patients were classified into (i) jaundice‐free (JF) group (resolving jaundice after 2 years of age); (ii) progressive disease (PD) group (persistent jaundice or progressive cholestasis). In addition, we analyzed the explant liver in 10 ALGS patients compared with 20 age‐matched BA patients at the time of LT.ResultsNine patients (36%) in the JF group had a favorable outcome, with longer native liver survival than patients with PD (n = 16, P < 0.001). Fourteen of the PD group patients received LT or died. We identified 18 different JAG1 mutations in 22 patients. Three unrelated probands in the JF group had the same de novo mutation in JAG1, c.2122‐2125delCAGT. Compared with BA children, ALGS patients had lower METAVIR scores in liver pathology, higher serum albumin levels, and lower weight‐for‐age z‐scores when receiving LT.ConclusionOne‐third of ALGS patients had JF and a favorable course. Children with ALGS presenting with persistent jaundice beyond 2 years of age should be cautioned for poor prognosis. ALGS patients tend to have a lesser extent of cirrhosis, and more growth problems than BA patients at the time of LT.
Peer community health workers improve HIV testing and ART linkage among key populations in Zambia: retrospective observational results from the Z‐CHECK project, 2019–2020
Authors: Lindsay Brianna R. , Mwango Linah , Toeque Mona‐Gekanju , Malupande Siphiwe Lucy , Nkhuwa Elizabeth , Moonga Clement Nchimunya , Chilambe Andrew , Sakala Henry , Kafunda Ina , Olowski Pawel , Olufunso Adebayo , Okuku Jackson , Kancheya Nzali , Mumba Daliso , Hachaambwa Lottie , Sheneberger Robb , Blanco Natalia , Lavoie Marie‐Claude , Claassen Cassidy W. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionZambia has made tremendous progress towards HIV epidemic control; however, gaps remain among key populations (KPs), such as female sex workers (FSWs), men who have sex with men (MSM), people who inject drugs (PWID) and people in prisons and enclosed settings due to cultural, social and legal barriers. The University of Maryland, Baltimore Zambia Community HIV Epidemic Control for Key Populations (Z‐CHECK) project aimed to improve HIV case‐finding, linkage and treatment adherence at the community level for KPs in Zambia. We describe Z‐CHECK strategies and examine HIV positivity yield and antiretroviral therapy (ART) linkage among KPs to inform ongoing programme improvement.MethodsZ‐CHECK recruited, trained and deployed peer community health workers (CHWs) for KP groups, with ongoing mentorship in community engagement. CHWs offered HIV testing in safe spaces and escorted newly HIV‐diagnosed clients for same‐day ART initiation. Z‐CHECK also reached out to KP community leaders and gatekeepers for KP mobilization and trained healthcare workers (HCWs) on KP services and sensitivity. We conducted a retrospective observational review of routinely collected aggregate data for KPs aged ≥15 years at high risk for HIV transmission across five districts in Zambia from January 2019 to December 2020.ResultsZ‐CHECK provided HIV testing for 9211 KPs, of whom 2227 were HIV positive (positivity yield, 24%). Among these, 1901 (85%) were linked to ART; linkage for MSM, FSW, PWID and people in prisons and enclosed settings was 95%, 89%, 86% and 65%, respectively. Programme strategies that contributed to high positivity yield and linkage included the use of peer KP CHWs, social network testing strategies and opportunities for same‐day ART initiation. Challenges to programme implementation included stigma and discrimination among HCWs, as well as KP CHW attrition, which may be explained by high mobility.ConclusionsPeer CHWs were highly effective at reaching KP communities, identifying persons living with HIV and linking them to care. Engaging KP community gatekeepers resulted in high diffusion of health messages and increased access to health resources. The mobility of CHWs and HCWs is a challenge for programme implementation. Innovative interventions are needed to support PWID and people in prisons and enclosed settings.
Do rural clan‐based networks reduce the risk of a return to poverty? Evidence from China
Authors: Xu Fang , Zhang Xiaoru , Zhou Di 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAvoidance of a return to poverty is a priority within postpoverty alleviation programmes in rural China. As traditional social networks, clan‐based networks have long played a pivotal role within rural society and governance. However, few studies have examined their influence on the return to poverty of rural families. Therefore, we used the China Family Panel Survey (CFPS) data from 2014 to explore how clan networks influence the risk of a return to poverty among rural households and its mechanisms. Our findings suggest that clan networks can reduce the risk of returning to poverty and that they have heterogeneous effects on families and regions with different characteristics. Their main function is to reduce the borrowing cost through an external support mechanism and to promote movements of the rural labour force to urban areas where they can earn higher nonagricultural stable incomes through an internal sharing mechanism. This study of the role of traditional clan‐based networks in poverty avoidance can contribute to their enhanced role in the new era, while also providing inputs for consolidating and expanding poverty alleviation, innovating existing follow‐up poverty alleviation guarantee mechanisms and promoting comprehensive rural revitalization.
Opting out of public sector employment: Gender and occupational aspirations among university graduates in Sierra Leone
Authors: Harris Jamelia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUsing primary data from Sierra Leone, this article explores the relationship between gender and occupational aspirations. Descriptive findings suggest largely similar desired occupational roles across gender; however, regression results show that the odds of females aspiring for public sector employment are half that of males. Lower ambition for public sector employment among females is associated with less favourable perceptions of public sector employment in key areas that are deemed important to graduates such as salary, status from employment, the ability to contribute to society, training opportunities and career progression. Such ‘opting out’ by university‐educated women has implications for women's inclusion in national development.
正常腎機能患者のプレガバリン中毒に対する血液浄化療法の効果(Effects of blood purification therapy for pregabalin intoxication in patients with normal kidney function)
Authors: 歩 鶴岡 , 浩士 林下 , 智美 吉野 , 胤明 重光 , 和彦 木林 , 賢一朗 中尾 
Published: November 2022

要旨　プレガバリンを過量服薬した正常腎機能患者に対してextracorporeal treatment（ECTR）を施行し，経過中の血中プレガバリン濃度を液体クロマトグラフィー質量分析法（LC–MS）で測定した2例を経験したため報告する。症例1は49歳の女性。プレガバリン5,750mg，ベニジピン160mgなどを過量服用し救急搬送された。来院時，舌根沈下あり気管挿管した。洞停止が頻回にみられ，循環不全進行のためノルアドレナリン，ドブタミンを開始した。来院後11時間より血液濾過透析（hemodiafiltration: HDF）を開始し5時間施行した。プレガバリンの半減期はHDF前22.8時間，HDF中2.3時間であった。症例2は41歳の女性。プレガバリン3,225mg，アムロジピン65mgなどを過量服薬し救急搬送された。ICU入室後に意識レベルが低下したため，気管挿管した。来院後5時間より血液透析（hemodialysis: HD）を開始し4時間施行した。HD終了後に意識レベルの改善がみられた。正常腎機能患者のプレガバリン中毒に対してECTRを導入したところ，血中プレガバリン濃度は速やかに低下し早期の意識レベル改善，循環動態改善の効果が得られた。昏睡状態や呼吸不全，循環不全を合併する重症プレガバリン中毒に対しては，正常腎機能であっても早期の状態改善にECTRが有効である可能性が示唆された。
日本版敗血症診療ガイドライン2020の使用状況と認知度に関するアンケート調査(Questionnaire survey on usage and awareness of the Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2020)
Authors: 日本版敗血症診療ガイドライン2020特別委員会アンケート調査班  
Published: November 2022

要旨日本版敗血症診療ガイドライン（The Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock: J–SSCG）2020特別委員会は，J–SSCG2020の使用状況と認知度，および，今後の改善点を検討するために，オンラインアンケートを実施した。J–SSCG2020を合同作成した日本集中治療医学会と日本救急医学会の2学会の会員には使用状況を調査するために最大22項目，J–SSCG2020を後援いただいた16学会の会員には認知度を調査するために最大10項目の質問を実施した。2学会会員を対象としたアンケートは450名より回答を得た。敗血症診療にJ–SSCG2020を参考にするとの回答は88%であった。敗血症患者の何%くらいでJ–SSCG2020に準じた診療が行われているかという質問には，75%程度であるとの回答が最多（54%）であった。J–SSCG2020で取り上げた22項目のうち特に遵守している項目に対する回答者数の割合は，3～62%と項目ごとに大きなばらつきがみられた。また，日本の敗血症診療におけるJ–SSCG2020の役割について，診療の標準化（87%），教育の向上（64%）の点で特に評価されていた。J–SSCG2016アンケート結果との比較では，J–SSCG2020の方がより広く敗血症診療に利用されていた。16学会会員対象のアンケートは764名より回答を得た。J–SSCG2020の認知度は72%であった。認知している回答者のうち81%が敗血症診療に利用し，うち95%は役に立つとの回答であった。一方，J–SSCG2020の問題点としては，内容が多すぎるという意見が最多であった。日本医療機能評価機構EBM普及推進事業（Minds）によるThe Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation（AGREE II）を用いた評価では，J–SSCG2020の全体評価は88%であった。以上から，集中治療医や救急医のみならず，一般臨床家を対象として幅広く敗血症診療を支援するというJ–SSCG2020の主要な目的はある程度達成されていることが示唆された。一方，領域や臨床疑問（clinical question: CQ）数の見直しなど今後の改訂に向けた課題も明らかになった。
繰り返し実施したfinger testが陰性であったものの，筋膜の組織検査を追加することで診断することができた壊死性筋膜炎の1例(A case of necrotizing fasciitis diagnosed by histopathological examination of fascia after repeated negative finger tests)
Authors: 純一郎 飯尾 , 健太郎 尾崎 , 一実 宮島 , 諒吏 尾崎 , 美里 中山 , 潤一 前原 
Published: November 2022

要旨　壊死性筋膜炎の診断法の一つとして，病変の皮膚を切開し，筋膜を触診し壊死を確認するfinger testがあり，比較的高い感度であることが報告されている。今回我々は，69歳男性，糖尿病，末期腎不全，ステロイド内服歴のある患者に生じた右下腿の壊死性筋膜炎の症例を経験した。初日に行ったfinger testは陰性であった。第3病日に病態が悪化した際に再度finger testを行ったが陰性であった。2回目のfinger testの際に筋膜の組織検査を追加したところ，筋膜結合組織内の好中球浸潤を認めた。この結果をもって壊死性筋膜炎と確定診断し，緊急手術を行う方針となった。finger testが陰性であっても臨床的に壊死性筋膜炎が疑わしい症例であれば，finger testの際に筋膜組織の病理学的検査を追加することで確定診断につながる可能性がある。
Characteristics of women seeking care at a vulvar clinic: A study of 600 patients during a 17‐year period
Authors: Rosendahl Karolina , Shayesteh Alexander , Nylander Elisabet 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundSymptoms from the vulva and vagina affect about one‐third of all women and have a negative influence both on sexual health and psychosocial well‐being. Research regarding vulvar diseases is sparse and there is a need for a better understanding of women seeking care for vulvar diseases.ObjectivesThe objectives of this descriptive study were to investigate symptoms, signs, and background characteristics of women attending our multidisciplinary vulvar clinic at the University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden between 2005 and 2021.MethodsWe conducted a prospective study by using a vulvar‐specific questionnaire and reviewed the medical records to collect supplementary data.ResultsA total of 600 women participated. The most common symptom among all participants was dyspareunia (67.6%). Pain diagnoses dominated in the younger population while inflammatory diseases were most common among patients 40 years of age or more. We found a significant association between dyspareunia and negative experiences of gynaecological examination (p < 0.001) as well as between pruritus and not having a regular contact with a psychologist (p < 0.05).ConclusionsWomen seeking care at our vulvar clinic exhibit a complicated and complex set of symptoms intertwined with many aspects of life. Increasing awareness among healthcare professionals, an experienced team at the clinic, and a multidisciplinary approach regarding the symptoms and needs of women with vulvar conditions are important to optimise care and treatment. Clinicians must be aware that vulvar diseases may have different symptomatology due to age. It is also important to highlight that the symptomatology presented by patients attending for vulvar diseases, has changed during the past decade.
Origins of harvested American black ducks: stable isotopes support the flyover hypothesis
Authors: Kusack Jackson W. , Tozer Douglas C. , Schummer Michael L. , Hobson Keith A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWaterfowl management is more effective when based on detailed information on population connectivity between breeding, wintering, and stopover sites. For the American black duck (Anas rubripes), a species of conservation concern, estimates for the fall age ratio at harvest differed depending on whether harvest data were derived from Canada or the United States, suggesting regional differences. Within Canada, hunters in Atlantic Canada were more likely to harvest black ducks from nearby breeding locations compared to hunters in southern Ontario and Quebec, Canada, who were more likely to harvest individuals from the Boreal Softwood and Taiga Shield of eastern Canada. Black ducks harvested in the United States are thought to originate predominantly from northern portions of the breeding range, leading to the flyover hypothesis, which postulates that black ducks produced in the Boreal Softwood and Taiga Shield region are less susceptible to harvest by hunters in Atlantic Canada and northeastern United States. To test the flyover hypothesis, we examined regional and temporal differences in the origins of harvested black ducks using feathers from wings (n = 664) submitted by hunters to the species composition and parts collection surveys across 3 hunting seasons (2017–2018, 2018–2019, 2019–2020). We used a likelihood‐based assignment method that relied on feather stable‐hydrogen isotopes (δ2H) and stable‐carbon isotopes (δ13C) to determine the natal or molt origin of individuals harvested within eastern Canada and the United States. We also used a spatial clustering technique to group harvested individuals by area of origin withouta prioriknowledge of such regions. Adult female black ducks originated farther south compared to males and juveniles. All sexes and ages of black ducks harvested in Atlantic Canada showed predominantly southern origins, while those harvested in the United States and other Canadian provinces primarily originated farther north within the boreal, supporting the flyover hypothesis. By contrast, we found no relationship between timing of harvest or peaks of migration and individual origin. After combining band returns and stable isotopes, we inferred 2 distinct stocks: the Mississippi flyway stock and the Atlantic flyway stock. We recommend that regional demographic parameters, particularly for Atlantic Canada, be directly measured to promote more effective conservation of black ducks and optimize harvest opportunities in the United States and Canada.
Piping plover chick ecology following landscape‐level disturbance
Authors: Robinson Samantha G. , Walker Katie M. , Bellman Henrietta A. , Gibson Daniel , Catlin Daniel H. , Karpanty Sarah M. , Ritter Shannon J. , Fraser James D. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPopulation declines of disturbance‐dependent species due to suppression of natural disturbances are realized across ecosystems. The piping plover (Charadrius melodus; plover), a disturbance‐dependent and conservation‐reliant shorebird that nests on sandy beaches and barrier islands on the Atlantic Coast, was listed under the United States Endangered Species Act in 1986. In 2012, Hurricane Sandy landed on Fire and Westhampton islands, barrier island nesting sites for plovers in New York, USA. Hurricane Sandy was a natural disturbance in this system, creating abundant nesting habitat. The number of chicks produced by a pair, or a population, is a direct measure of reproductive output, and gaining a better understanding of productivity and chick behavior following large‐scale habitat creation may improve plover habitat management and potentially species persistence. We evaluated the effects of landscape features on habitat selection, behavior, and survival of plover broods using logistic regression, generalized linear mixed effects models, and survival models. Plover broods selected flatter sites with less dense vegetation than available at random. Chick foraging rates were highest in moist substrates and were lower in areas of higher nesting plover density. Chick survival was greater for broods that hatched earlier in the breeding season and increased as chicks aged. Generally, providing access to sites with flatter, moist substrates will likely result in higher quality brood rearing habitat on the landscape. Ultimately, vegetation removal and habitat management may be needed to reduce plover nesting density and ensure sufficient habitat, which may in turn improve plover chick survival. Moreover, sustaining natural landscape disturbances such as those resulting from storms, and not taking actions to prevent hurricane‐created overwash, will allow these landscape features to persist.