bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Local newforms for the general linear groups over a non-archimedean local field
Authors: Atobe Hiraku , Kondo Satoshi , Yasuda Seidai 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn [14], Jacquet–Piatetskii-Shapiro–Shalika defined a family of compact open subgroups ofp-adic general linear groups indexed by nonnegative integers and established the theory of local newforms for irreducible generic representations. In this paper, we extend their results to all irreducible representations. To do this, we define a new family of compact open subgroups indexed by certain tuples of nonnegative integers. For the proof, we introduce the Rankin–Selberg integrals for Speh representations.
Ideological Determinants of Citations to Supreme Court Precedent Across the Federal Judiciary
Authors: Salam Amna 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHow do ideological factors explain the citation patterns of federal courts? Current literature uses citation data in myriad ways but leaves open the question of how ideological factors may influence citation from each level of the judicial hierarchy differently. Combining original data on citations to Supreme Court opinions by district courts from 1969 to 2005 with existing data on citations by the courts of appeals and Supreme Court, I present a more complete portrait of the scope of a precedent across the federal judiciary. I find that ideological factors are associated with differences in citing behavior on the federal courts. Both the appellate and district courts are responsive to Supreme Court precedent, but district courts are not equally responsive to liberal and conservative updates to doctrine. Further, as the Supreme Court ideology changes from the time of setting precedent, appellate courts are less likely to cite the precedent, but district courts cite it more. These results suggest that the relationship between ideology and precedent adherence is complicated by the distinct institutional features of the Supreme Court, courts of appeals, and district courts.
Valence sound symbolism across language families: a comparison between Japanese and German
Authors: Körner Anita , Rummer Ralf 
Published: December 2022

AbstractVowels are associated with valence, so that words containing /i/ (as in English meet) compared with /o/ (as in French rose) are typically judged to match positively valenced persons and objects. As yet, valence sound symbolism has been mainly observed for Indo-European languages. The present research extends this to a comparison of Japanese-speaking and German-speaking participants. Participants invented pseudo-words as names for faces with different emotional expressions (happy vs. neutral vs. sad vs. angry). For both Japanese-speaking and German-speaking participants, vowel usage depended on emotional valence. The vowel I was used more for positive (vs. other) expressions, whereas O and U were used less for positive (vs. other) expressions. A was associated with positive emotional valence for Japanese-speaking but not German-speaking participants. In sum, emotional valence associations of I (vs. rounded vowels) were similar in German and Japanese, suggesting that sound symbolism for emotional valence is not language specific.
Captured City: Authoritarianism, Urban Space and Project Skopje 2014
Authors: Staletović Branimir 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article looks at different strategies in which authoritarianism operated in relation to the redesign of Skopje during the rule of the conservative party VMRO-DPMNE and its leader Nikola Gruevski. It argues that the promoters of the urban project called “Skopje 2014” relied on a set of nondemocratic mechanisms and involvement and coordination of various individuals and institutions on all levels to implement and legitimize the project and expand its political dominance. These ranged from state-driven mechanisms and urban design strategies to contributions of non-state groups, thus demonstrating a systematic effort behind the makeover of Skopje. Examining the project through the concept of authoritarianism, the article goes beyond (methodological) nationalism to understand the complexity of the revamp of North Macedonia’s capital. It also demonstrates how the party used its ideological principles to leave its enduring mark on Skopje’s urban environment. Additionally, the article points out the need to study urban space politics in the context of hybrid and competitive authoritarian regimes.
The curious case of Cladonia luteoalba: no support for its distinction
Authors: Černajová Ivana , Steinová Jana , Škvorová Zuzana , Škaloud Pavel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCladonia luteoalba shows a specific pattern in chemical variability. Its chemotype coincides with that of the associated Cladonia thalli. This has led to the formation of various hypotheses, but its true nature has never been clarified. We collected C. luteoalba in Central Europe and Norway. The chemotypes were detected by TLC and the mycobionts and photobionts were identified by Sanger sequencing of ITS rDNA. Mycobiont cultures were obtained and Illumina metabarcoding of the fungal ITS1 rDNA region was performed targeting minor mycobionts within the thalli. None of the methods supported C. luteoalba as a distinct Cladonia species. In phylogenetic analyses, it was placed in C. straminea and the C. coccifera agg., following the pattern in chemistry. No minor Cladonia were detected by metabarcoding or cultivation. Thus, C. luteoalba remains enigmatic as our data did not support its distinction as a separate Cladonia species.
Accountability in personalised Supported Employment-based activation services
Authors: Skjold Suzan Mbatudde , Lundberg Kjetil Grimastad 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article explores the accountability experiences and orientations of frontline workers implementing personalised activation services in the Norwegian Labour and Welfare Administration (NAV). The study draws on observations and interviews (2021), with three teams of employment specialists using Supported Employment as an approach to personalised service provision, in a national programme called Extended Follow-up. Adopting the theoretical lens of accountability as behaviours of account giving, three strategies on how to adopt the accountability regime at the frontline are highlighted: (i) reporting, where one team complied with accountability requirements as the perceived best practices for achieving success in work inclusion; (ii) mitigating, where accountability requirements were fulfilled but combined with attention to how to best meet jobseekers’ needs; and (iii) reframing, where accountability requirements were challenged and redefined. The study highlights how accountability requirements may be interpreted variably, promoting personalised service innovation on the one hand or stagnation on the other.
Report on an outbreak of coral-killing sponge Clathria (Microciona) aceratoobtusa in an unprotected reef of the Gulf of Mannar, India
Authors: Raj K. Diraviya , Emmett Jonathan Samuel , Mathews G. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Global climate change has aggravated the severity of space competition put up by marine sponges in the tropical coral reef ecosystems. We report here an outbreak of coral-killing sponge Clathria (Microciona) aceratoobtusa (Carter, 1887) over live coral colonies of the genus Turbinaria in an unprotected reef (mainland patch reef) in the Gulf of Mannar in India. An outbreak of this orange-reddish sponge was observed during an explorative dive in April 2020. Live coral cover in the reef was 62.06% (SD±3.36), which was dominated by the genus Turbinaria with 82.31%. Among the total of 549 Turbinaria colonies counted in five transects, 21.86% (n = 120) of colonies were found infested by the sponge. As the mainland patch reef lies outside the boundary of marine protected area, it is exposed to human-induced threats, apart from climate change implications. This report would serve as an evidence to indicate the intensity of the space competition waged by sponges in a disturbed reef ecosystem.
The phonological status of Swedish au and eu: Proposals, evidence, evaluation
Authors: Eliasson Stig 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMost modern studies of Swedish phonology take the view that the underlying vowel inventory of Central Standard Swedish comprises nine, rather than seventeen or eighteen, mutually contrasting vowel phonemes. A residual problem of a classic phonological type concerns the borrowed entities, rendered in traditional Swedish orthography as au and eu, whose ‘status in the vowel system is unclear’ (Riad 2014:42). The present paper scrutinizes earlier and current phonological interpretations of these entities, adduces evidence for and against each proposal, and concludes that the case for treating them as phonemic diphthongs /V͡V/, as /VC/-sequences, or as monosyllabic /VV̯/-sequences is weak and that they should in the first place be viewed as underlying heterosyllabic vowel sequences /VV/, subject to a special phonological stipulation valid for a borrowed sub-domain of the lexicon. Typologically, Central Standard Swedish should continue to be subsumed under the category of languages that lack phonological diphthongs.
Perfect and Imperfect Duty: Unpacking Kant’s Complex Distinction
Authors: Hope Simon 
Published: December 2022

AbstractI attempt first to disentangle three aspects of Kant’s distinction between perfect and imperfect duty. There is the central distinction between principles of duty contrary to that which is contradictory in conception/consistent in conception but contradictory in will. There is also a distinction between essential and non-essential duties: those which cannot, or occasionally can, be passed over consistent with the requirements of morality. Finally, there is a distinction between duties that exhibit a scalar aspect – degrees of goodness or virtue – and duties that do not. My aim is to show how these distinct considerations can be reconciled as aspects of a single distinction, and I conclude that the remarkable complexity of Kant’s perfect/imperfect distinction is actually a strength, rather than a weakness.
Weather‐Climate Anomalies and Regional Transport Contribute to Air Pollution in Northern China During the COVID‐19 Lockdown
Authors: Zhao Shuyu , Feng Tian , Xiao Wangxing , Zhao Shuyun , Tie Xuexi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTwo persistent and heavy haze episodes during the COVID‐19 lockdown (from 20 Jan to 22 Feb 2020) still occur in northern China, when anthropogenic emissions, particularly from transportation sources, are greatly reduced. To investigate the underlying cause, this study comprehensively uses in‐situ measurements for ambient surface pollutants, reanalysis meteorological data and the WRF‐Chem model to calculate the contribution of NOx emission change and weather‐climate change to the “unexpectedly heavy” haze. Results show that a substantial NOx reduction has slightly decreased PM2.5 concentration. By contrast, the weakest East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) in the 2019–2020 winter relative to the past decade is particularly important for haze occurrence. A warmer and moister climate is also favorable. Model results suggest that climate anomalies lead to a 25–50 μg m−3 increase of PM2.5 concentration, and atmospheric transport is also an important contributor to two haze episodes. The first haze is closely related to the atmospheric transport of pollutants from NEC to the south, and fireworks emissions in NEC are a possible amplifying factor that warrants future studies. The second one is caused by the convergence of a southerly wind and a mountain wind, resulting in an intra‐regional transport within BTH, with a maximal PM2.5 increment of 50–100 μg m−3. These results suggest that climate change and regional transport are of great importance to haze occurrence in China, even with significant emission reductions of pollutants.
Spatial Heterogeneity and Temporal Stability of Baseflow Stream Chemistry in an Urban Watershed
Authors: Welty Claire , Moore Joel , Bain Daniel J. , Talebpour Mahdad , Kemper John T. , Groffman Peter M. , Duncan Jonathan M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSynoptic sampling of streams is an inexpensive way to gain insight into the spatial distribution of dissolved constituents in the subsurface critical zone. Few spatial synoptics have focused on urban watersheds although this approach is useful in urban areas where monitoring wells are uncommon. Baseflow stream sampling was used to quantify spatial variability of water chemistry in a highly developed Piedmont watershed in suburban Baltimore, MD having no permitted point discharges. Six synoptic surveys were conducted from 2014 to 2016 after an average of 10 days of no rain, when stream discharge was composed of baseflow from groundwater. Samples collected every 50 m over 5 km were analyzed for nitrate, sulfate, chloride, fluoride, and water stable isotopes. Longitudinal spatial patterns differed across constituents for each survey, but the pattern for each constituent varied little across synoptics. Results suggest a spatially heterogeneous, three‐dimensional pattern of localized groundwater contaminant zones steadily contributing solutes to the stream network, where high concentrations result from current and legacy land use practices. By contrast, observations from 35 point piezometers indicate that sparse groundwater measurements are not a good predictor of baseflow stream chemistry in this geologic setting. Cross‐covariance analysis of stream solute concentrations with groundwater model/backward particle tracking results suggest that spatial changes in base‐flow solute concentrations are associated with urban features such as impervious surface area, fill, and leaking potable water and sanitary sewer pipes. Predicted subsurface residence times suggest that legacy solute sources drive baseflow stream chemistry in the urban critical zone.
Formation of Turbidity Maximum in the Modaomen Estuary of the Pearl River, China: The Roles of Mouth Bar
Authors: Li Haiwei , Yang Qingshu , Mo Sihao , Huang Jie , Wang Simin , Xie Rongyao , Luo Xiangxin , Liu Feng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAn estuarine turbidity maximum (ETM) functions as a filter and plays a key role in transporting suspended sediment. The features of ETM and their formation mechanisms vary with different types of estuaries. Their responses to morphological factors require further study. In this study, the Modaomen Estuary of the Pearl River was selected to examine the formation mechanisms of the ETM and roles of the mouth bar. Hydrodynamics, suspended sediment concentration, and sediment size distribution were measured via cruise shipboard in the mouth bar zone during the dry season of 2020, which indicated that the ETM occurred in the central and western bars. Furthermore, numerical modeling of an idealized estuary based on Delft3D was performed to explore the effects of the existence of a mouth bar on the dynamic structures causing the ETM, including saltwater intrusion, residual longitudinal circulation, and bed sediment resuspension. The results indicated that the existence of a mouth bar contributed to the occurrence of double residual circulations and enhanced bed shear stress on the mouth bar, which favor the ETM formation. In general, two different dynamic regimes were responsible for the ETM formation, that is, sediment trapping by saltwater intrusion and sediment resuspension induced by tidal currents. The mouth bar played a key role in these two mechanisms, including altering the estuarine circulation and bed shear stress. The results contribute to a better elucidation of the ETM formation in estuaries and provide scientific guidelines for estuarine management and engineering.
A Multimodel Investigation of Asian Summer Monsoon UTLS Transport Over the Western Pacific
Authors: Pan Laura L. , Kinnison Douglas , Liang Qing , Chin Mian , Santee Michelle L. , Flemming Johannes , Smith Warren P. , Honomichl Shawn B. , Bresch James F. , Lait Leslie R. , Zhu Yunqian , Tilmes Simone , Colarco Peter R. , Warner Juying , Vuvan Adrien , Clerbaux Cathy , Atlas Elliot L. , Newman Paul A. , Thornberry Troy , Randel William J. , Toon Owen B. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Asian summer monsoon (ASM) as a chemical transport system is investigated using a suite of models in preparation for an airborne field campaign over the Western Pacific. Results show that the dynamical process of anticyclone eddy shedding in the upper troposphere rapidly transports convectively uplifted Asian boundary layer air masses to the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere over the Western Pacific. The models show that the transported air masses contain significantly enhanced aerosol loading and a complex chemical mixture of trace gases that are relevant to ozone chemistry. The chemical forecast models consistently predict the occurrence of the shedding events, but the predicted concentrations of transported trace gases and aerosols often differ between models. The airborne measurements to be obtained in the field campaign are expected to help reduce the model uncertainties. Furthermore, the large‐scale seasonal chemical structure of the monsoon system is obtained from modeled carbon monoxide, a tracer of the convective transport of pollutants, which provides a new perspective of the ASM circulation, complementing the dynamical characterization of the monsoon.
The Sugar‐To‐Flower Shallow Cumulus Transition Under the Influences of Diel Cycle and Free‐Tropospheric Mineral Dust
Authors: Narenpitak Pornampai , Kazil Jan , Yamaguchi Takanobu , Quinn Patricia K. , Feingold Graham 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA shallow cumulus cloud transition from a sugar to flower type of organization occurred under a layer of mineral dust on 2 February 2020, during the multinational Atlantic Tradewind Ocean‐Atmosphere Mesoscale Interaction Campaign (ATOMIC) and the Elucidating the Role of Clouds‐Circulation Coupling in Climate (EUREC4A) campaigns. Lagrangian large eddy simulations following an airmass trajectory along the tradewinds are used to explore radiative impacts of the diel cycle and mineral dust on the sugar‐to‐flower (S2F) cloud transition. The large‐scale meteorological forcing is derived from the European Center for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts Reanalysis Fifth Generation and based on aerosol measurements from the U.S. Ronald H. Brown Research Vessel and the French ATR‐42 Research Aircraft during the field campaigns. A 12‐hr delay in the diel cycle accelerates the S2F transition at night, leading to more cloud liquid water and precipitation. The aggregated clouds generate more and stronger cold pools, which alter the original mechanism responsible for the organization. Although there is still mesoscale moisture convergence in the cloud layer, the near‐surface divergence associated with cold pools transports the subcloud moisture to the drier surrounding regions. New convection forms along the cold‐pool edges, generating new flower clouds. The modulation of the surface radiative budget by free‐tropospheric mineral dust poses a less dramatic effect on the S2F transition. Mineral dust releases longwave radiation, reducing the cloud amount at night, and absorbs shortwave radiation during the day, cooling the boundary‐layer temperature and increasing the overall cloud amount. Cloud‐top radiative heating because of more clouds strengthens the mesoscale organization, enlarging the aggregate areas, and increasing the cloud amount further.
Upper gut heat shock proteins HSP70 and GRP78 promote insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Angelini Giulia , Castagneto-Gissey Lidia , Salinari Serenella , Bertuzzi Alessandro , Anello Danila , Pradhan Meenakshi , Zschätzsch Marlen , Ritter Paul , Le Roux Carel W. , Rubino Francesco , Basso Nicola , Casella Giovanni , Bornstein Stefan R. , Tremaroli Valentina , Mingrone Geltrude 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA high-fat diet increases the risk of insulin resistance, type-2 diabetes, and non-alcoholic steato-hepatitis. Here we identified two heat-shock proteins, Heat-Shock-Protein70 and Glucose-Regulated Protein78, which are increased in the jejunum of rats on a high-fat diet. We demonstrated a causal link between these proteins and hepatic and whole-body insulin-resistance, as well as the metabolic response to bariatric/metabolic surgery. Long-term continuous infusion of Heat-Shock-Protein70 and Glucose-Regulated Protein78 caused insulin-resistance, hyperglycemia, and non-alcoholic steato-hepatitis in rats on a chow diet, while in rats on a high-fat diet continuous infusion of monoclonal antibodies reversed these phenotypes, mimicking metabolic surgery. Infusion of these proteins or their antibodies was also associated with shifts in fecal microbiota composition. Serum levels of Heat-Shock-Protein70 and Glucose-Regulated Protein78were elevated in patients with non-alcoholic steato-hepatitis, but decreased following metabolic surgery. Understanding the intestinal regulation of metabolism may provide options to reverse metabolic diseases.
Tumor fractions deciphered from circulating cell-free DNA methylation for cancer early diagnosis
Authors: Zhou Xiao , Cheng Zhen , Dong Mingyu , Liu Qi , Yang Weiyang , Liu Min , Tian Junzhang , Cheng Weibin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTumor-derived circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) provides critical clues for cancer early diagnosis, yet it often suffers from low sensitivity. Here, we present a cancer early diagnosis approach using tumor fractions deciphered from circulating cfDNA methylation signatures. We show that the estimated fractions of tumor-derived cfDNA from cancer patients increase significantly as cancer progresses in two independent datasets. Employing the predicted tumor fractions, we establish a Bayesian diagnostic model in which training samples are only derived from late-stage patients and healthy individuals. When validated on early-stage patients and healthy individuals, this model exhibits a sensitivity of 86.1% for cancer early detection and an average accuracy of 76.9% for tumor localization at a specificity of 94.7%. By highlighting the potential of tumor fractions on cancer early diagnosis, our approach can be further applied to cancer screening and tumor progression monitoring.
Magma recharge and mush rejuvenation drive paroxysmal activity at Stromboli volcano
Authors: Petrone Chiara Maria , Mollo Silvio , Gertisser Ralf , Buret Yannick , Scarlato Piergiorgio , Del Bello Elisabetta , Andronico Daniele , Ellis Ben , Pontesilli Alessio , De Astis Gianfilippo , Giacomoni Pier Paolo , Coltorti Massimo , Reagan Mark 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOpen-conduit basaltic volcanoes can be characterised by sudden large explosive events (paroxysms) that interrupt normal effusive and mild explosive activity. In June-August 2019, one major explosion and two paroxysms occurred at Stromboli volcano (Italy) within only 64 days. Here, via a multifaceted approach using clinopyroxene, we show arrival of mafic recharges up to a few days before the onset of these events and their effects on the eruption pattern at Stromboli, as a prime example of a persistently active, open-conduit basaltic volcano. Our data indicate a rejuvenated Stromboli plumbing system where the extant crystal mush is efficiently permeated by recharge magmas with minimum remobilisation promoting a direct linkage between the deeper and the shallow reservoirs that sustains the currently observed larger variability of eruptive behaviour. Our approach provides vital insights into magma dynamics and their effects on monitoring signals demonstrating the power of petrological studies in interpreting patterns of surficial activity.