bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bacteriophage therapy for periprosthetic joint infections: Current limitations and research needed to advance this therapeutic
Authors: Doub James B. , Urish Ken , Chan Benjamin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBacteriophage therapy is a promising treatment for periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs), particularly given these agents have innate abilities to degrade the biofilm matrix and lyse bacteria within. However, many aspects of this therapy are poorly understood causing treatments to lack uniform effectiveness and reproducibility, which is in part a consequence of several inherent limitations to using bacteriophages to treat PJI. Herein, these limitations are discussed as are additional translational research that needs to be conducted to advance this therapeutic. These include determining if bacteria causing PJIs are polyclonal, consequences of bacteriophage attachment receptor phenotypic variations and ramifications of bacteriophage activity when bacteria interact with in vivo macromolecules. Only with the realization of the current limitations and subsequent knowledge gained from translational research will the potential of bacteriophages to reduce the morbidity and mortality in PJI be fully elucidated.
Optimization of enzymatic soy protein isolate‐glucosamine conjugates to improve the freeze–thaw stability of emulsion
Authors: Li Ning , Zhang Zhihui , Cui Yifan , Shi Jiahui , Sun Xiaotong , Liu Yi‐an , Wang Xibo , Xu Ning 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDUsing transglutaminase (TGase) is a new method to improve protein properties in order to promote protein glycosylation. This article mainly studies soy protein isolate (SPI) and glucosamine to improve the freeze–thaw stability of emulsion under the action of TGase. The degree of glycosylation was studied by the content of free amino groups and the degree of conjugation. The optimal conditions for preparing soy protein isolate‐glucosamine (SPI‐G) conjugate were determined by a response surface optimization model based on single‐factor experiments using the creaming index of the emulsion after the first freeze–thaw cycle as the response value.RESULTSThe results showed that the emulsion had the lowest creaming index when the conditions of protein concentration was 20 g L−1, mass ratio of SPI‐G was 5:3 (w/w), enzyme addition amount was 10 U g−1, and reaction time was 2 h. The optimized modified product was measured for the creaming index after the first freeze–thaw cycle. It was found that the creaming index of the modified product SPI‐G after the first freeze–thaw cycle was 9.02%, which was less than and close to the optimized model predicted value. The creaming index and optical microscopy results after three freeze–thaw cycles confirmed that the freeze–thaw stability of the SPI‐G samples was significantly enhanced after optimization of the response surface model.CONCLUSIONIt showed that glycosylation promoted by TGase could improve the freeze–thaw stability of SPI emulsion, thereby broadening the application of SPI in food. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Longitudinal Analysis of Swallowing Displacement Kinematics After Oropharyngeal Cancer Treatment
Authors: Kidane Joseph , Laus Joey , Gulati Arushi , Gochman Grant E. , Schneider Sarah L. , Chan Jason W. , Yom Sue S. , Ha Patrick , Boscardin W. John , Ryan William R. , Ma Yue 
Published: August 2022

Background/ObjectiveQuantitative swallowing displacement kinematics evolve in patients treated for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). We aimed to longitudinally assess these measurements and correlate them with functional swallowing outcomes.MethodA retrospective review was conducted on patients with OPSCC treated with definitive (chemo)radiation ([C]RT) or surgery with adjuvant (chemo)radiation (S‐[C]RT) who completed at least two videofluoroscopic swallow studies (VFSS). Longitudinal analysis was accomplished via mixed‐effects logistic regression for the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS), and Penetration Aspiration Scale (PAS), and mixed‐effects linear regression for kinematic measures. Spearman's correlation was conducted between changes in FOIS/PAS and kinematic measures.ResultsNinety‐seven patients (76 males; mean age 61) completed 245 VFSS studies. A total of 94% had human papillomavirus (HPV)/p16 positive OPSCC and 74% were T0–T2. Sixty‐four patients underwent [C]RT while 33 patients underwent S‐[C]RT. After treatment, posterior pharyngeal wall at hold (PPWhold) increased 3.2 standard deviation (SD) between 0 and 6 months (p < 0.001), then decreased 2.2 SD between 6 and 12 months (p < 0.001) and did not return to baseline. Hyoid‐to‐larynx (HL) (p = 0.046) and maximal hyoid displacement (Hmax) + HL (p = 0.042) increased between 6 and 12 months. Hmax (p = 0.020) and Hmax + HL (p < 0.001) decreased between 12–24 months beyond baseline values. The decrease in HL and increase in PPWhold (p < 0.05) correlated with an increase in PAS. From baseline, increased pharyngeal constriction ratio correlated with decreased FOIS and PPWhold (p < 0.05).ConclusionsQuantitative swallowing kinematic measures can effectively track changes in swallowing physiology. Increased PPWhold and restricted hyolaryngeal movement were seen in patients with OPSCC after treatment and correlated with a change in swallowing outcome, emphasizing the need for serial VFSS monitoring and targeted intervention.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 133:1339–1348, 2023
Long‐Term Binaural Hearing Improvements for Cochlear Implant Users with Asymmetric Hearing Loss
Authors: Thompson Nicholas J. , Brown Kevin D. , Buss Emily , Rooth Meredith A. , Richter Margaret E. , Dillon Margaret T. 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveTo assess long‐term binaural hearing abilities for cochlear implant (CI) users with unilateral hearing loss (UHL) or asymmetric hearing loss (AHL).MethodsA prospective, longitudinal, repeated measures study was completed at a tertiary referral center evaluating adults with UHL or AHL undergoing cochlear implantation. Binaural hearing abilities were assessed with masked speech recognition tasks using AzBio sentences in a 10‐talker masker. Performance was evaluated as the ability to benefit from spatial release from masking (SRM). SRM was calculated as the difference in scores when the masker was presented toward the CI‐ear (SRMci) or the contralateral ear (SRMcontra) relative to the co‐located condition (0°). Assessments were completed pre‐operatively and at annual intervals out to 5 years post‐activation.ResultsTwenty UHL and 19 AHL participants were included in the study. Linear Mixed Models showed significant main effects of interval and group for SRMcontra. There was a significant interaction between interval and group, with UHL participants reaching asymptotic performance early and AHL participants demonstrating continued growth in binaural abilities to 5 years post‐activation. The improvement in SRM showed a significant positive correlation with contralateral unaided hearing thresholds (p = 0.050) as well as age at implantation (p = 0.031).ConclusionsCI recipients with UHL and AHL showed improved SRM with long‐term device use. The time course of improvement varied by cohort, with the UHL cohort reaching asymptotic performance early and the AHL cohort continuing to improve beyond 1 year. Differences between cohorts could be driven by differences in age at implantation as well as contralateral unaided hearing thresholds.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 133:1480–1485, 2023
Intuitionistic propositional probability logic
Authors: Ilić‐Stepić Anelina , Knežević Mateja , Ognjanović Zoran 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe give a sound and complete axiomatization of a probabilistic extension of intuitionistic logic. Reasoning with probability operators is also intuitionistic (in contradistinction to other works on this topic), i.e., measure functions used for modeling probability operators are partial functions. Finally, we present a decision procedure for our logic, which is a combination of linear programming and an intuitionistic tableaux method.
Magnetic Resonance–Guided Focused Ultrasound Thalamotomy May Spare Dopaminergic Therapy in Early‐Stage Tremor‐Dominant Parkinson's Disease: A Pilot Study
Authors: Golfrè Andreasi Nico , Cilia Roberto , Romito Luigi Michele , Bonvegna Salvatore , Straccia Giulia , Elia Antonio Emanuele , Novelli Alessio , Messina Giuseppe , Tringali Giovanni , Levi Vincenzo , Devigili Grazia , Rinaldo Sara , Gasparini Valentina , Grisoli Marina , Stanziano Mario , Ghielmetti Francesco , Prioni Sara , Bocchi Elisa , Amami Paolo , Piacentini Sylvie Hélène Marie Jeanne , Ciceri Elisa Francesca Maria , Bruzzone Maria Grazia , Eleopra Roberto 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundMagnetic resonance–guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) thalamotomy is a safe and effective procedure for drug‐resistant tremor in Parkinson's disease (PD).ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to demonstrate that MRgFUS ventralis intermedius thalamotomy in early‐stage tremor‐dominant PD may prevent an increase in dopaminergic medication 6 months after treatment compared with matched PD control subjects on standard medical therapy.MethodsWe prospectively enrolled patients with early‐stage PD who underwent MRgFUS ventralis intermedius thalamotomy (PD‐FUS) and patients treated with oral dopaminergic therapy (PD‐ODT) with a 1:2 ratio. We collected demographic and clinical data at baseline and 6 and 12 months after thalamotomy.ResultsWe included 10 patients in the PD‐FUS group and 20 patients in the PD‐ODT group. We found a significant increase in total levodopa equivalent daily dose and levodopa plus monoamine oxidase B inhibitors dose in the PD‐ODT group 6 months after thalamotomy.ConclusionsIn early‐stage tremor‐dominant PD, MRgFUS thalamotomy may be useful to reduce tremor and avoid the need to increase dopaminergic medications. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Mini‐hyper CVD + CRIB (condensed rituximab, inotuzumab ozogamicin, and blinatumomab) for refractory pediatric B‐acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: McCall David , Jabbour Elias , Roth Michael , Nunez Cesar , Cuglievan Branko 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRelapsed or refractory pediatric patients with B‐acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B‐ALL) have high rates of toxicities and relapse, and novel therapy is needed. We present a case of a 5‐year‐old male child with high‐risk B‐ALL that was refractory to several re‐induction regimens. He was put into minimal residual disease‐negative remission after re‐induction with chemotherapy plus overlapping rituximab, inotuzumab ozogamicin, and blinatumomab, termed mini‐hyper‐CVD (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and dexamethasone) plus CRIB (condensed rituximab, inotuzumab ozogamicin, and blinatumomab). This regimen was well tolerated, and he received his transplant and engrafted with no significant infections, toxicities, or sinusoidal obstruction syndrome. This is the first reported use of a condensed sequential immunotherapy/chemotherapy regimen in a pediatric leukemia patient.
Effect of green hybrid fillers loading on mechanical and thermal properties of vinyl ester composites
Authors: Nagaprasad N. , Vignesh V. , Karthik Babu N. B. , Manimaran P. , Stalin B. , Ramaswamy Krishnaraj 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe need for eco‐friendly materials has been attracted due to renewability, abundance availability, low cost, and so on. Therefore, the search for bio fillers for the fabrication of bio‐based composite materials is gaining more and more attention in both academic and industry circles because it promotes sustainability. The present study represents the utilization of biomass solid waste in the hybrid form of Tamarind Seed and Date Seed Filler (TSF/DSF) into polymer reinforced composite which has been explored for the first time by a compression molding technique. These fillers are bio‐waste that can be obtained at a minimal cost from renewable sources. An attempt has been made to use these hybrid fillers to reinforce the matrix ranging from 0 to 50 wt%, and their physical, mechanical, and thermal properties were investigated. In general, the inclusion of hybrid fillers increases mechanical properties, although the addition of hybrid fillers had only a minor impact on thermal properties. When compared to the pure vinyl ester resin, the hybrid fillers reinforced composites revealed a significant enhancement in tensile, flexural, impact, and hardness properties, with improvements of 1.51 times, 1.44 times, 1.87 times, and 1.46 times respectively, at 10 wt% filler loading. Filler matrix interaction of fractured mechanical testing samples was evaluated by scanning electron microscope. Based on the findings, hybrid filler reinforced composites may be suitable for applications where cost is a consideration and where minor compromises in thermal qualities are acceptable.
Consensus recommendations for use of maintenance immunosuppression in solid organ transplantation: Endorsed by the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, American Society of Transplantation, and the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation
Authors: Nelson Joelle , Alvey Nicole , Bowman Lyndsey , Schulte Jamie , Segovia Maria Cristina , McDermott Jennifer , Te Helen S. , Kapila Nikhil , Levine Deborah Jo , Gottlieb Robert L. , Oberholzer Jose , Campara Maya 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAdvances in maintenance immunosuppression over the past three decades have improved solid organ transplantation outcomes dramatically. Uninterrupted access to immunosuppression is paramount to minimize rejection and maintain allograft and patient survival. There is no standardized approach to maintenance immunosuppression management. Agents used vary based on transplanted organ, center‐specific protocol, provider expertise, insurance formularies, ability to cover co‐pays, recipient characteristics and tolerability. Published data reflects this heterogeneity. Despite this limitation, maintenance immunosuppression usage cross pollinates between organ groups with standard of care agents often being used off‐label, making medication access a challenge for many transplant recipients. A multidisciplinary panel of American transplant clinicians was formed to review published literature on maintenance immunosuppression with the goal to formulate consensus recommendations for their use in specific organ groups. These consensus recommendations are intended to provide transplant clinicians with a summary of literature on maintenance immunosuppression in the modern era and to support transplant team members working to secure medication access for patients.
Data‐independent acquisition proteomics methods for analyzing post‐translational modifications
Authors: Yang Yi , Qiao Liang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractProtein post‐translational modifications (PTMs) increase the functional diversity of the cellular proteome. Accurate and high throughput identification and quantification of protein PTMs is a key task in proteomics research. Recent advancements in data‐independent acquisition (DIA) mass spectrometry (MS) technology have achieved deep coverage and accurate quantification of proteins and PTMs. This review provides an overview of DIA data processing methods that cover three aspects of PTMs analysis, that is, detection of PTMs, site localization, and characterization of complex modification moieties, such as glycosylation. In addition, a survey of deep learning methods that boost DIA‐based PTMs analysis is presented, including in silico spectral library generation, as well as feature scoring and error rate control. The limitations and future directions of DIA methods for PTMs analysis are also discussed. Novel data analysis methods will take advantage of advanced MS instrumentation techniques to empower DIA MS for in‐depth and accurate PTMs measurements.
CD47 (don't eat me signal) expression levels and its relationship with clinicopathologic features in early‐stage prostate carcinoma
Authors: Semiz Hüseyin S. , Küçük Ülkü , Kısa Erdem , Keskinkılıç Merve , Süyün Dilara Ecem , Arayıcı Mehmet Emin , Atağ Elif , Karaoglu Aziz 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundProstate cancer is a cancer with poor host immune response and could be defined as a non‐T‐cell inflamed tumor. Therefore, immunotherapy treatments could not be included in the treatment of prostate cancer until recently. Inadequate antitumoral response is one of the main reasons why tumor cells multiply rapidly and cause lethal results. It was shown that CD47 molecule, which is secreted at high levels by leukemia cells, reduces macrophage‐mediated phagocytosis and thus facilitates escape from the antitumoral immune response. The aim of this study was to show don't eat me signaling in prostate carcinoma tissues and its relationship with macrophage polarization.Materials and MethodsA total of 263 patients with a diagnosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma after radical prostatectomy between 2015 and 2020 at our institute were included in the study. CD47, CD68, and CD163 expression levels were examined immunohistochemically (IHC) in these tissues. The relationship of these expression levels with unfavorable prognostic factors and survival for prostate carcinoma was investigated.ResultsIn this study, all the operated prostate carcinoma cases had CD47 expression in tumor tissue, but only 52.5% had a high level of expression. Of 263 prostate cancer tissues, 135 (51.3%) showed high expression of CD68 protein and 189 (71.9%) showed high expression of CD163 protein. There was a statistically strong relationship between CD47, CD68, and CD163.ConclusionsThe CD47 molecule is basically a molecule that inhibits macrophage activation. CD68 is mostly used for macrophage classification, while CD163 is used for tumor‐associated macrophage classification. Unlike others, we IHC examined CD47, CD68, and CD163 expressions in the surgical materials of patients who were operated for prostate carcinoma. In addition, we concluded that strong CD47 expression was closely associated with strong CD68 and CD163 expression in all tumor samples. However, a significant relationship between these expression levels and survival could not be demonstrated.
On the identification of active factors in nonregular two‐level designs with a small number of runs
Authors: Hamre Yngvild Hole , Tyssedal John 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNonregular two‐level designs are attractive screening designs due to their good projection properties and flexible run sizes. In particular, the 12‐run Plackett–Burman (PB) design has become quite popular. However, existing methods struggle with the identification of active factors when the number of active factors exceeds the projectivity of the designs. This is especially the case when interactions are present, the variance is high and the number of runs is small. In this paper, we propose a method for analysing nonregular two‐level designs that particularly addresses the issues above. It exploits the projection properties of designs and is here applied on the 12‐run PB design and the 16‐run no‐confounding (NC) designs. In the construction of the method, the use of test‐ and penalty‐based procedures are avoided. Instead, the number of allowed terms in a model is restricted. The effectiveness of the method and comparison between designs are evaluated by simulations for different scenarios. Ways to evaluate the reliability of the screening procedure are pointed out. An example with real data is given to demonstrate how one might perform the analysis in practice.
Evaluation of nonhazardous lime requirement estimation methods for Oregon soils
Authors: Makepeace Carl , Moore Amber , Sullivan Dan M. , Huggins David R. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe Shoemaker, McLean, and Pratt (SMP) buffer pH method has been used historically in Oregon for estimating lime requirement, however concerns regarding hazardous waste disposal have caused increased interest in nonhazardous methods. The objective was to compare nonhazardous lime requirement estimate (LRE) methods to the SMP method for predicting incubation lime requirement (LRi) for Oregon soils. Twenty‐four soils (pH ≤ 5.5) were incubated with seven rates of CaCO3 ranging from 0 to 22.4 Mg ha–1 and incubated for 90 d at 19 °C. Seven different LRE methods were evaluated and regressed against LRi for pH targets of 5.6, 6.0, and 6.4 using linear regression. The Sikora (r2 = .91–.93), modified Mehlich (r2 = .87–.90), and Sikora‐2 (r2 = .82–.93) buffer methods showed potential as alternatives to SMP (r2 = .91–.93) based on accuracy. A multilinear model combining clay content, KCl‐extractable Al, soil organic matter (SOM), extractable Mg, and pH1:2 also effectively predicted LRi (R2 = .97). The Moore–Sikora method (r2 = .89–.93) showed precision issues due to high replication variability. The single addition of Ca(OH)2 method (r2 = .67–.74) was less accurate than other evaluated methods. In conclusion, there were several viable non‐hazardous LRE method alternatives to the SMP buffer method for Oregon soils, based on accuracy and precision.
Research Trends in Carbon Chain Polymers and Their Derivatives: Highlighting the Decade‐Long Research
Authors: Ullah Khan Wasim , Ahmed Al‐Harthi Mamdouh 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPolyolefins include low‐density polyethylene (LDPE), high‐density polyethylene (HDPE), linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE), polypropylene (PP), and polybutylene (PB). Polyolefins offer unique characteristics such as chemical resistance, smooth surface, re‐shapability, and are lighter than glass and metal‐based materials. The global plastics industry produces polyolefin as their major product and these polyolefins are mostly used as commercial commodity plastics. Moreover, the characteristics of polyolefin can be further improved by forming their blends and/or composites and incorporating fillers. This review highlights the role of various fillers such as titanium dioixde‐based, nitride‐based, and carbon‐based nanomaterials, in influencing polyolefin composites. Moreover, the contribution of layered double hydroxide in olefin polymerization, and the impact of filler properties such as filler content, filler type, filler phase stability, and synergistic effect between the fillers and polymers on nanocomposites are discussed.
Scutellarin alleviates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammatory responses via MAPK/NF‐κB pathways in rats
Authors: Zhang Yuming , Zhang Zhen , Wang Jun , Zhang Xiajing , Zhao Jing , Bai Ning , Vijayalakshmi Annamalai , Huo Qifan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNeuroinflammation contributes to the progression of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) damage. Scutellarin (SL) is a glucuronide flavonoid that has apoptotic, anti‐inflammatory, and anti‐tumor properties. It is anti‐oxidant and anti‐inflammatory mechanism as a neuroprotective against ischemic brain injury is unknown. The purpose of the study was to examine the role and mechanism of SL in preventing I/R damage in a rat model. SL (40 and 80 mg/kg) was given to the rats for 14 days before the ischemic stroke. SL administration prevented I/R mediated brain injury, and neuronal apoptosis. Malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, glutathione, IL‐6, and IL‐1β and nitric oxide were modulated by SL. SL suppressed the p65 and p38 expressions in particular. The findings show that SL protects rats from cerebral damage caused by I/R through the nuclear factor kappa‐B p65 and p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Thus, SL protected the brain of rats from ischemic injury by inhibiting the inflammatory process.