bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pain as a risk factor for incident sarcopenia in community‐dwelling older adults: A 1‐year prospective cohort study
Authors: Lin Taiping , Huang Xiaotao , Guo Duan , Zhao Yanli , Song Quhong , Liang Rui , Jiang Tingting , Tu Xiangping , Deng Chuanyao , Yue Jirong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundPain‐related muscle disuse and inflammatory reactions may increase the risk of sarcopenia among older adults with pain. Although several studies have examined the association between pain and sarcopenia, the findings are mixed. In the present study, we examined the association of pain as well as pain intensity and location with incident sarcopenia among community‐dwelling older adults and explored whether this association differed between men and women.MethodsPain characteristics, including the presence of pain, intensity (mild, moderate, and severe), and location (multisite, low back, joint, and chest), were self‐reported at baseline. Sarcopenia was identified according to the consensus of the Asin Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 at baseline and 1 year later. Multivariable Poisson regression was used to determine the association of pain status, intensity, and location with incident sarcopenia, respectively.ResultsEight hundred seventy‐three participants (67.1 ± 4.9 years, 524 female) who were free of sarcopenia at baseline were included, of which 64 (7.3%) developed sarcopenia in the follow‐up. The presence of pain was significantly associated with an increased risk of incident sarcopenia in older adults (adjusted RR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.16–2.89), with a significant risk accumulation in incident sarcopenia upon higher pain intensity. Older adults with multisite pain, low back pain, or joint pain were more likely to develop sarcopenia. Although older men reported a lower prevalence and intensity of pain, their risk of sarcopenia during follow‐up was generally more pronounced than older women.ConclusionsOlder adults with pain had a significantly higher risk of incident sarcopenia, with a significant risk accumulation in sarcopenia development upon higher pain intensity and specific pain location. Additional attention is needed to identify older adults with pain and to implement timely pain interventions to prevent sarcopenia. High‐quality randomized controlled trials are warranted to verify the clinical significance of the present study.
Mental health of recipients after cadaveric liver transplantation: A perspective from positive psychology
Authors: Saiyu Gao , Shali Wen , Yanfang Lu , Jingping Zhang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAims and ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to explore the mental health of transplant recipients, especially psychological integration and the donor‐recipient relationship.BackgroundPsychological integration and the donor‐recipient relationship are unique psychological perception of recipients with transplantation, which have important effects on their mental health and recovery. However, few studies have focused on the feelings and attitudes of cadaveric liver transplant recipients.DesignA qualitative descriptive design was used.MethodsIndividual semi‐structured interviews were conducted face‐to‐face with 30 recipients after liver transplantation. Qualitative content analysis was used and data saturation was achieved. The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Studies (COREQ) were used.ResultsThree themes and eight subthemes were identified.(1) Psychological integration—acknowledging the transplanted liver was a part of their own body and attaching great importance to the liver; (2) Attitudes towards the donor—gratitude to the donor, being inspired by the dedication of the donor and mourning the donor's misfortune; and (3) Living in the moment—health behaviours of self‐care, emotional regulation and positive attitude about life.ConclusionThe psychological integration of recipients of cadaveric liver transplants is smooth, and the attitudes towards the donor are positive. From the perspective of positive psychology, we observed the important role of post‐traumatic growth of the recipient and positive emotions in promoting the recipient's health behaviours for self‐care, emotion regulation and attitudes towards life.Relevance for Clinical PracticeMedical staff should help recipients to deal with these issues about the organ and its donor constructively and guide them to focus on postoperative inner growth and positive emotion.
A human rights based approach to the global children's rights crisis: A call to action
Authors: Levy Sheri R. , Migacheva Katya , Ramírez Luisa , Okorodudu Corahann , Cook Harold , Araujo‐Soares Vera , Minescu Anca , Livert David , Ragin Deborah Fish , Walker Peter 
Published: November 2022

AbstractChildren are not responsible for diseases, natural disasters, political conflicts, and wars; yet, children generally suffer the most. Although the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989) is one of the most ratified world treaties, ample evidence of violations of children's rights exists in reports on the devastating effects of climate change, the COVID‐19 pandemic, and armed conflicts (e.g., Afghanistan, Haiti, Syria, Ukraine, Yemen) including abuse, abduction, becoming child soldiers, death, early marriages, family separation, loss of schooling, malnutrition, neglect, poverty, sexual violence, and trafficking, leading to traumatic short‐ and long‐term academic, emotional, psychological, and physical consequences. This article highlights a child‐rights based approach to the global crisis: (1) sounding an alarm for immediate and greater attention of governments to address children's rights violations and (2) calling multi‐disciplinary scholars to redouble their efforts toward freely sharing their findings, partnering with policy makers and stakeholders, collecting difficult to obtain data, and putting their knowledge into action in preventive and intervention measures to empower the implementation of children's protection and participation rights in the home, school, community, nation, and globally. The global multi‐faceted children's rights crisis requires urgent individual and collective action to make children's rights a global reality.
The social function of intellectual property and government intervention in mitigating the pandemic: A perspective from Indonesia
Authors: Mayana Ranti F. , Santika Tisni 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIndonesia declared Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19) a Public Health Emergency based on Presidential Decree No. 11 of 2020 considering the extensive victims and extraordinary impacts. This study analyzes how Indonesia addresses the social function of intellectual property and government intervention in mitigating the pandemic. This study shows that outside the patent waiver provisions, implementation is the key. Indonesian Government has set a strategic framework in accordance with the guidelines of the WHO by simultaneously takes two strategies of vaccine provision and procurement: First, purchasing vaccines from abroad and/or collaborating with national and/or international institutions, Second, the development of ‘Vaksin Merah Putih’ (Red and White Vaccine) independently in the country through a triple helgix synergy involving the government institutions/ministries, universities, and industries. The provision of COVID‐19 Vaccines in Indonesia is free as a form of responsibility and presence of the state. Government is also continuously expanding its public communication network to eliminate vaccine hesitancy. Lastly, Indonesia has adopted the TRIPs Waiver provisions through the Indonesian Patent Law, Government Regulation Number 77 of 2020 concerning Procedures for Patent Implementation by the Government, Regulation of the Minister of Law and Human Rights No. 14 of 2021 concerning Amendments to the Regulation of the Minister of Law and Human Rights No. 30 of 2019 concerning Procedures for Granting a Compulsory Patent License. These regulations will later become the basis for the government, whether it will eventually implement a patent license through a compulsory license system or a government use the patent system not only for the COVID‐19 vaccine but also other essential medicines in mitigating the pandemic.
Allogeneic Tendon Transplantation for the Treatment of Pathological Patellar Ligament Defect in Children: Technical Note and 4‐Year Follow‐Up
Authors: Zhou Min , Long Yi , Yu Menglei , Guo Jiang , Tang Yiyong , Li Fangqi , Li Qingyue , Zhang Yuanhao , Zheng Zhenze , Hou Jingyi , Yang Rui 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe absence of patellar ligament will bring about a severe negative impact on daily life. Many reconstruction techniques have been described in adults. However, there is a lack of technical introduction regarding the reconstruction of the patellar ligament in children. The purpose of this study was to report a surgical technique for reconstructing the patellar ligament in children.MethodA retrospective analysis of the clinical data on a patellar ligament (tendon sheath fibroma) patient with allogeneic tendon reconstruction. An 8‐year‐old child with postoperative recurrence of left patellar ligament tumor was enrolled in our study. Anterior tibialis tendon allograft was used to reconstruct the patellar ligament after complete resection of the patellar ligament for the tumor. The tunnels were constructed on the deep surface of the tibial tubercle and the root of the quadriceps tendon (to decrease the harmful impact on patella development), respectively. The allogeneic tendon was passed through the tunnels above in the shape of “8,” and the two ends of the tendon were attached to the bleeding bone bed at the inferior edge of the patella with suture anchors to achieve better bone‐tendon healing. During the follow‐up, the knee's range of motion and imaging manifestations were recorded.ResultPostoperative pathology suggests chondromesenchymal hamartoma, a rare benign soft tissue tumor different from the previous operation (tendon sheath fibroma). During the 4‐year follow‐up, the patient's active range of motion of the knee achieved 0° to 120°; and the patient could walk normally without any external help. Physical examinations (the apprehension sign and J sign) showed no ligamentous instability or patellar ligament tenderness. Imaging analysis showed that the ratio length of the patellar ligament to the patella was almost normal. The integrity, continuity, and shape of the allogeneic ligament showed excellent results in MRI. Combined with clinical and imaging findings, allogeneic tendon patellar ligament reconstruction was deemed successful.ConclusionAllogeneic ligament reconstruction technique can provide a treatment option by reconstructing the extensor mechanism, minimizing the impact on patellar development, and augmenting biological healing for children with the absence of the patellar ligament.
Weak crassulacean acid metabolism and other xerophytic adaptive traits in the genus Beaucarnea Lem. (Asparagaceae)
Authors: Reyes‐García Casandra , Orellana Roger , Dzib Ek Susana , Peniche Aké Stephany , Tamayo‐Chim Manuela , Echevarría‐Machado Ileana , Carrillo Lilia , Espadas‐Manrique Celene 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe genus Beaucarnea (Asparagaceae) has economic value as an ornamental plant but also has ecological importance. Nonetheless, habitat, physiological traits and growth parameters of this genus remain largely unknown. We characterized the environmental ranges of Beaucarnea inermis, B. gracilis and B. pliabilis; and screened for the presence of physiological adaptations to drought (biomass allocation, presence of crassulacean acid metabolism [CAM] and its effect on plant water use). We performed experiments in 3‐ and 5‐year‐old nursery‐grown plants of the three species, measured dry mass accumulation in leaves/stems/roots and screened for CAM using gas exchange, titratable acidity and δ13C. We performed a second experiment on the water and light use responses of B. pliabilis under drought treatment. We found that B. gracilis was limited to xerophytic scrubs (precipitation >400 mm yr−1), while B. pliabilis and B. inermis (precipitation >500 and 700 mm year−1, respectively) inhabited dry forests. Beaucarnea gracilis had the lowest dry mass and allocation to leaves, while B. inermis showed the opposite pattern. Only B. pliabilis exhibited small but significant acid fluctuations, characterized as weak CAM, along with high proline content. Acid concentration contributed in 2.7% of the daily carbon during the wet season but represented most of the carbon in the dry season, under closed stomata and had an important contribution to osmolality. Thus, CAM is described for the first time in the genus Beaucarnea, but was only present in one of three species, warranting exploration of this metabolism in the remaining species of this genus.
Linear Regression and Its Inference on Noisy Network-Linked Data
Authors: Le Can M. , Li Tianxi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLinear regression on network-linked observations has been an essential tool in modelling the relationship between response and covariates with additional network structures. Previous methods either lack inference tools or rely on restrictive assumptions on social effects and usually assume that networks are observed without errors. This paper proposes a regression model with non-parametric network effects. The model does not assume that the relational data or network structure is exactly observed and can be provably robust to network perturbations. Asymptotic inference framework is established under a general requirement of the network observational errors, and the robustness of this method is studied in the specific setting when the errors come from random network models. We discover a phase-transition phenomenon of the inference validity concerning the network density when no prior knowledge of the network model is available while also showing a significant improvement achieved by knowing the network model. Simulation studies are conducted to verify these theoretical results and demonstrate the advantage of the proposed method over existing work in terms of accuracy and computational efficiency under different data-generating models. The method is then applied to middle school students' network data to study the effectiveness of educational workshops in reducing school conflicts.
ZAP:Z-Value Adaptive Procedures for False Discovery Rate Control with Side Information
Authors: Leung Dennis , Sun Wenguang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAdaptive multiple testing with covariates is an important research direction that has gained major attention in recent years. It has been widely recognised that leveraging side information provided by auxiliary covariates can improve the power of false discovery rate (FDR) procedures. Currently, most such procedures are devised with p-values as their main statistics. However, for two-sided hypotheses, the usual data processing step that transforms the primary statistics, known as p-values, into p-values not only leads to a loss of information carried by the main statistics, but can also undermine the ability of the covariates to assist with the FDR inference. We develop a p-value based covariate-adaptive (ZAP) methodology that operates on the intact structural information encoded jointly by the p-values and covariates. It seeks to emulate the oracle p-value procedure via a working model, and its rejection regions significantly depart from those of the p-value adaptive testing approaches. The key strength of ZAP is that the FDR control is guaranteed with minimal assumptions, even when the working model is misspecified. We demonstrate the state-of-the-art performance of ZAP using both simulated and real data, which shows that the efficiency gain can be substantial in comparison with p-value-based methods. Our methodology is implemented in the R package zap.
Cultural competencies in Polish and Lithuanian nurses: A cross‐sectional comparative study
Authors: Ślusarska Barbara , Marcinowicz Ludmiła , Blaževičienė Aurelija 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundCultural competencies are known as a multidimensionalconstruct; however, they usually refer to an individual’s sensitivity orcultural attitudes, cultural awareness, knowledge, and skills.AimThe aim of the study was to compare the cultural competences of nurses in Poland and Lithuania based on an adaptation of the Nurse Cultural Competence Scale (NCCS).DesignThe design was a comparative cross‐sectional study.MethodsA total of 383 Polish nurses and 184 Lithuanian nurses took part in the study. The questionnaires of the NCCS—Polish version (NCCS‐v.PL) and the NCCS—Lithuanian version (NCCS‐v.L) were used after linguistic adaptation and an evaluation of psychometric properties.ResultsAs a result of the comparative analysis, a higher general level of cultural competences (based on the NCCS) was found in the Lithuanian group M‐148.09 (SD = 22.85). The results show statistically significant differences among the respondents in the subscale of Nurse Cultural Competence Scale‐Cultural Knowledge (NCCS‐CK; p ˂ 0.001); higher competences of the nurses were found in the Group LT (M = 31.05; SD = 6.75) than in the Group PL (M = 28.82; SD = 7.82). In the group of Polish nurses (Group PL), the intensity of cultural competences was found to increase along with age (NCCS‐v.P r = 0.157, p < 0.05); this, however, was not observed in the Group LT (NCCS‐v.LT, p > 0.05).ConclusionsBoth the nurses in Poland and in Lithuania are characterised by an average level of cultural competences. Diversity in the level of cultural competences was found in both groups depending on age, education and work experience.
“I wanna look like the person in that picture”: Linking selfies on social media to cosmetic surgery consideration based on the tripartite influence model
Authors: Wang Yuhui , Qiao Xiuqing , Yang Jing , Geng Jingyu , Fu Lin 
Published: November 2022

Based on the tripartite influence model, the present study linked investment in others' selfies on social media to facial dissatisfaction and cosmetic surgery consideration. We also tested the mediating role of appearance comparisons and general attractiveness internalization in these relationships. Additionally, potential gender differences in the proposed model were examined. A sample of 884 Chinese adolescents (mean age = 16.80 ± 0.92, ranging from 14 to 19 years old) completed self‐reported measures of investment in others' selfies, appearance comparisons, general attractiveness internalization, facial dissatisfaction, and cosmetic surgery consideration. Results showed that investment in others' selfies was positively associated with facial dissatisfaction and cosmetic surgery consideration. Path analysis further revealed that investment in others' selfies was associated with appearance comparisons and general attractiveness internalization, which in turn were associated with facial dissatisfaction, and then facial dissatisfaction was related to cosmetic surgery consideration. Additionally, there were indirect associations between investment in others' selfies and cosmetic surgery consideration via general attractiveness internalization and facial dissatisfaction respectively, but not via appearance comparisons. No gender difference was found in the proposed model. Findings of the present study provide preliminary support for the tripartite influence model in the context of investment in others' selfies on social media and cosmetic surgery consideration and enrich the literature on body image and cosmetic surgery in the Chinese context.
Hacking Hekla: Exploring the dynamics of digital innovation in rural areas
Authors: Falter Magdalena , Jóhannesson Gunnar Thór , Ren Carina 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article explores innovation initiatives in rural communities in Iceland conveyed through the implementation and perceived outcomes of the hackathon Hacking Hekla. Digitalisation is often proposed as a new, all‐purpose tool for regional development that responds to rural challenges innovatively. However, the digital role is often less clear when examining finer development practices. Hackathons are frequently applied to achieve instant economic and societal change. Through the example of Hacking Hekla, we research the challenges and outcomes of creative interventions and critically explore the value of innovation and digitalisation in the context of rural development in Iceland. Based on action research, we use the hackathon as a tool for knowledge generation and intervention in regional policy discourse with the intention to foster applied digital innovation. Data were collected using qualitative semi‐structured interviews. The study demonstrates a gap between regional policies emphasising digital innovation and innovation practices on the ground and argues that fostering digital innovation in rural communities is a complex process that could demonstrate effects only in the long term.
An objective comparison of two pulse oximetry sensors with different adhesive systems on healthy human volunteers based on biophysical assessments
Authors: Grove Gary , Houser Timothy , Dove Jacob , Moody Derek 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundMedical Adhesive Related Skin Injuries can arise from topically applied medical devices, especially in those with fragile skin, including the elderly and premature infants. The purpose of this study was to compare gentleness and reapplication of two pulse oximetry sensors (OxySoftN and MaxN, Medtronic, Boulder, CO).Materials and methodsEighteen healthy subjects aged 65 years and older were enrolled in the gentleness trial, and 20 healthy subjects (18–69 years) were enrolled in the reapplication trial. For the gentleness trial, trans‐epidermal water loss (TEWL) measurements were made at five sites on each forearm at three time points (baseline [T0], 4‐h postinitial wear [T1], 4‐h postsecond wear [T2]). Total amount of protein adhered to each device was also determined. For the reapplication trial, a series of 180° peel tests were performed to observe the forces required to detach the sensor from the skin.ResultsTEWL rates in the tail region were significantly greater with MaxN compared to OxySoftN at T1 (p < 0.05). Both were significantly greater than control (p < 0.05). Further, protein analysis revealed that the amount of protein removed was significantly less with OxySoftN compared to MaxN (p < < 0.0001). Differences in loss of adhesion of the tail region between the two sensors were demonstrated, with OxySoftN depreciating at a much slower rate compared with MaxN.ConclusionThe OxySoftN sensor appears to be gentle, even on fragile skin, based on reduced strain on the skin during removal. Further, it demonstrated the ability to withstand several reapplications without functional loss in adhesion.