bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Tolerability of NPC‐21, an Anti‐Cytomegalovirus Monoclonal Antibody, in Healthy Japanese and White Adult Men: A Randomized, Placebo‐Controlled, First‐in‐Human Phase 1 Study
Authors: Furihata Kenichi , Hamada Izumi , Niwa Takuro , Watanabe Tatsuya , Ezoe Sachiko 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNPC‐21 (EV2038) is a fully human monoclonal antibody that targets the antigenic domain 1 of glycoprotein B on the human cytomegalovirus (hCMV) envelope. NPC‐21 has been shown to have broadly neutralizing activity and to inhibit cell‐to‐cell transmission of hCMV in preclinical studies. It is currently in development for the prophylactic or preemptive treatment of hCMV in patients receiving a solid‐organ transplant or hematopoietic stem cell transplant. A first‐in‐human phase 1 study was conducted to assess the pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of NPC‐21 in healthy adult men. Forty participants (Japanese, n = 32; White, n = 8) were randomly assigned to receive a single intravenous dose of NPC‐21 1, 3, 10, or 20 mg/kg or placebo. Six Japanese participants were included in each dose group and six White participants received a 10‐mg/kg dose. The placebo group included 8 Japanese participants and 2 White participants. All 40 participants completed the study. Serum concentration, maximum serum concentration, area under the plasma concentration–time curve from time 0 to the last measurable concentration, and area under the plasma concentration–time curve from time 0 to infinity increased dose dependently; dose proportionality was linear. NPC‐21 demonstrated a biphasic elimination pattern, with an estimated half‐life between 612 and 790 hours. NPC‐21 was safe and well tolerated up to 20 mg/kg. All adverse events were mild, and none led to treatment discontinuation or were considered related to the study drug. There were no differences in pharmacokinetics or safety between Japanese and White participants. These results support further investigation of NPC‐21.
Water use strategies between two co‐occurring woody species in a riparian area: Naturally occurring willow,Salix exigua, and expanding juniper,Juniperus scopulorum, in central Montana
Authors: Bailey Kinzie , Korb Nathan , Kruse Carter , Harris Sierra , Hu Jia 
Published: January 2022

AbstractJuniper expansion across the western United States has the potential to alter watershed hydrology, especially within riparian areas. Given the uncertainties in the ecohydrological response to the expansion, this study focused on examining the water use strategies between two woody species co‐occurring in a riparian area in south central Montana—Salix exigua(sandbar willows) andJuniperus scopulorum(rocky mountain junipers)—in order to address three questions: (1) Are junipers and willows using the same soil moisture pool that contributes to streamflow? (2) Are junipers transpiring more water than willows on a per tree or per sapwood area basis? (3) Are the seasonal transpiration rates between junipers and willows different? To determine the differences in water use strategies between willows and junipers, we used stable isotope analyses to trace different sources of water, water potential to determine seasonal water stress patterns and transpiration rates to quantify water loss. Our isotopic analyses suggest that junipers and willows in the riparian area were not directly using stream water but relied on different pools of soil water at different times of the year: shallow soil water in spring when soils were wet and deeper soil water in late summer. We also found that junipers transpired more than willows during the spring and late fall, but that both species had similar transpiration rates during periods of low streamflow. However, higher juniper transpiration rates in spring and late fall can potentially lead to soil moisture deficits if winter snowpack is low, suggesting that the additional water loss through transpiration by junipers may be mitigated under wet winters but exacerbated under dry winters.
Achieving fast page load for websites across multiple domains
Authors: Huang Jiawei , Zhu Haitao , Liu Mingyue , Zhang Tao , Wang Jianxin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe dependencies between the resources on web page slow down the page load process, resulting in degradation of user experience and provider revenue. Recent solutions reprioritize requests at client side to fetch resources according to the page's dependency structure. However, since resources on modern web pages are often served by the direct‐connect and multiple third‐party domains, optimizing web performance only at the client side is not able to minimize the long waiting time for the resources across multiple domains. To address this inefficiency problem, we present fast page load (FPL), a scheme of restructuring the interaction between multiple domains to accelerate web page loads. The key of our solution is that the credible servers in third‐party domains proactively push resources to client with the aid of server in the direct‐connect domain. Therefore, FPL eliminates the waiting time of resource requesting and TCP handshaking between the client and servers in third‐party domains. Furthermore, we propose FPL+ to schedule resources based on the dependency and size of objects to improve user perception and experience in terms of time‐to‐first‐paint. Experiment results show that our approach FPL and FPL+ effectively reduces the median page load time by up to 44% across popular websites.
Information contents of intraday SSE 50 ETF options trades
Authors: Luo Xingguo , Cai Wenye , Ryu Doojin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe examine the intraday price discovery role of the Shanghai Stock Exchange 50 exchange‐traded fund options using transaction‐level data. Contemporaneous options trading volumes have significant and permanent price impacts on futures returns, implying that some options traders are informed. The permanent price impacts of large options trades are much greater than those of small trades. We also find that liquidity changes due to regulatory policies affect the options market's informational role. Transactions generally convey less information during special trading sessions, including post‐break and closing sessions, perhaps because informed investors prefer to hide behind high liquidity.
Safety and efficacy of glecaprevir and pibrentasvir in north Tohoku Japanese patients with genotype 1/2 hepatitis C virus infection
Authors: Miyasaka Akio , Yoshida Yuichi , Murakami Akihiko , Hoshino Takao , Sawara Kei , Numao Hiroshi , Takikawa Yasuhiro 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackground and aimsTo assess the efficacy and safety of treatment with glecaprevir/pibrentasvir in Japanese patients with genotype (GT) 1/2 hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in a real‐world clinical setting.MethodsA total of 230 patients from 12 centers in northern Tohoku Japan with chronic hepatitis (CH) or compensated liver cirrhosis (LC) and GT1/2 HCV infection were treated with glecaprevir/pibrentasvir and followed up for 12 weeks after treatment completion. Those patients were evaluated by dividing them into the following three groups: CH GT1/2 HCV‐infected, direct‐acting antiviral agents (DAA)‐naive patients received 8 weeks of treatment (8‐week initial treatment group), compensated LC GT1/2 HCV‐infected, DAA‐naive patients received 12 weeks of treatment (12‐week initial treatment group), and GT1/2 HCV‐infected patients with previous failed DAA treatment were assigned to 12‐week treatment (12‐week re‐treatment group).ResultsThe overall sustained virologic response (SVR) rate in the modified intention‐to‐treat population was 99% (222/225). The SVR rate in 8‐week initial treatment group, 12‐week initial treatment group, and 12‐week re‐treatment group were 99% (118/119), 98% (104/106), and 97% (56/58), respectively. SVR rates based on chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage were 99% in stage 1/2, 96% in stage 3, and 100% in stage 4/5 patients. SVR rate among the three treatment groups was not influenced by CKD stage. Furthermore, all 18 patients (six in the 8‐week initial treatment group, 12 in 12‐week initial treatment group) who underwent hemodialysis attained SVR. Serious treatment‐associated adverse events (grade ≥ 3) occurred in 12 patients (5.2%). Five patients (2.2%) discontinued treatment because of adverse events; however, three of these patients achieved SVR.ConclusionPrimary treatment and re‐treatment with glecaprevir/pibrentasvir are effective and safe for patients without decompensated LC and GT1/2 HCV infection in a real‐world clinical setting. Furthermore, the SVR rate was not influenced by CKD stage.
Applying a Critical Language Lens: Analyzing Language Use in Everyday Video Texts
Authors: Metz Mike 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe article describes the results of teachers using a critical language lens to analyze linguistic stereotypes in TV series, movies, cartoons, and social media posts. I share the key questions teachers asked about language use in texts as well as the results of their analysis. Based in a cultural modeling pedagogy (Lee, 2007), teachers examined the texts of their everyday lives and increased their Critical Language Awareness. They identified linguistic tropes in nostalgic movies and TV shows, and uncovered patterns of associations between kinds of language use and kinds of people. Teachers emphasized the value of the activity for deepening their linguistic awareness and increasing a desire to disrupt linguistic prejudice. They developed multiple options for bringing a critical language lens to their own classrooms and students.
Mechanism of five flavonoids inhibiting NtMGAM based on molecular simulations
Authors: Wang Ruihong , Zheng Xin , Liang Guizhao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRecent studies have showed that five flavonoids (Epigallocatechin gallate [EGCG], Rutin, Silibinin, Genistein, and Quercetin) are potential therapeutic agents for type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Our previous study revealed the mechanism of these five flavonoids with human islet amyloid peptide, but the mechanism of action with other T2DM‐related target proteins is unknown. In this study, we investigate the competitive inhibition mechanism of N‐terminal catalytic domain maltase glucose‐amylase (NtMGAM), which is another important target of T2DM, with the five types of flavonoids through molecular docking, molecular dynamics, and steered molecular dynamics. Our results show that the NtMGAM active pocket tends to bind to the aromatic nucleus. Moreover, EGCG and Rutin can potentially inhibit NtMGAM, and both molecules exhibit a larger binding capability with the active pocket than Acarbose. Compared with the hexasaccharide group, the pentasaccharide group has the advantage to bind with the NtMGAM active pocket, suggesting that the structure embedded into the active pocket should be inadvisable to oversize. Meanwhile, solvent molecules are a crucial factor affecting the binding stability of inhibitor with NtMGAM. In conclusion, this work is helpful to provide a theoretical basis for screening, modifying, and designing new therapeutic or preventive drugs targeting T2DM.
The symptom network structure of posttraumatic stress disorder among Chinese firefighters
Authors: An Yuanyuan , Wang Muyun , Ye Yuchen , Chen Yaru 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to explore the core and driving symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) of firefighters before and after rescue. Identifying core symptoms of PTSD can help clinicians to understand what may be relevant targets for treatment.MethodsThe study recruited 334 firefighters in a firefighter military school in September 2017 (T1). They were followed up 3 months later (T2), during which time they participated in real rescue activities. The network structure of DSM‐5 PTSD was using regularized partial correlation models and a Bayesian approach computing directed acyclic graphs.ResultsThe most central symptom both in T1 and T2 was negative emotional state. Irritable or anger emerged as a key driver of other symptoms in traumatized firefighters.ConclusionsNegative emotional state and irritable or anger might represent important symptoms within PTSD symptomatology and may offer key targets in PTSD treatment for firefighters.
Nasopharyngeal virome analysis of COVID‐19 patients during three different waves in Campania region of Italy
Authors: Ferravante Carlo , Sanna Giuseppina , Melone Viola , Fromentier Aurore , Rocco Teresa , D'Agostino Ylenia , Lamberti Jessica , Alexandrova Elena , Pecoraro Giovanni , Pagliano Pasquale , Astorri Roberta , Manzin Aldo , Weisz Alessandro , Giurato Giorgio , Galdiero Massimiliano , Rizzo Francesca , Franci Gianluigi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFrom December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection has spread rapidly, leading to a global pandemic. Little is known about possible relationships between SARS‐CoV‐2 and other viruses in the respiratory system affecting patient prognosis and outcomes. This study aims to characterize respiratory virome profiles in association with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and disease severity, through the analysis in 89 nasopharyngeal swabs collected in a patient's cohort from the Campania region (Southern Italy). Results show coinfections with viral species belonging to Coronaviridae, Retroviridae, Herpesviridae, Poxviridae, Pneumoviridae, Pandoraviridae, and Anelloviridae families and only 2% of the cases (2/89) identified respiratory viruses.
New insights about the role of Na–K ratio on the vibrational dynamics of synthetic‐basalt glasses
Authors: Cassetta Michele , Zanatta Marco , Biesuz Mattia , Giarola Marco , Mariotto Gino 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBasalts are among the most abundant igneous rocks on Earth. Originated from the rapid cooling of magma erupted by volcanoes, they are increasingly used as raw materials in glass and ceramic technology due to their unique physico‐chemical properties. The characteristics of basalts, like the glass transition temperature, are strongly controlled by their structure, which is a function of composition. Therefore, the investigation of the interplay between the intimate structure and the mechanical and physical properties of basalt glasses is of paramount importance in view of their industrial exploitation. Here, we present a Raman study of a set of synthetic‐basalt glasses in which the occurrence of small chemical variations appreciably affects their glass transition temperature. We analyzed the Raman spectra focusing on both the spectral regions of the so‐called nonbridging oxygens and of the boson peak. We show the existence of a scaling law for the boson peak of four synthetic‐basalt glasses, and we infer from its breakdown the occurrence of a deep reorganization of the glass structure resulting from the Na–K replacement in the network, despite small variations of the other major elements.
Time to treatment and hospital visits for patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer in a single payer system
Authors: Guay Evelyne , Cordeiro Erin , Roberts Amanda 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesNeoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) requires coordination of various services to ensure timely and accurate delivery of care. This can result in multiple hospital visits and extend time to treatment (TTT). The primary purpose of our study was to evaluate time to NAC for patients at a regional cancer centre. Healthcare resource use in the form of hospital visits before NAC was also evaluated.MethodsA retrospective chart analysis of patients with invasive breast cancer who underwent NAC between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2018 was performed.ResultsOverall, 286 patients underwent NAC. Median TTT was 22 days (range: 2–105). Median number of visits between first consultation and NAC was 5 (range: 0–12). Majority of additional visits were for diagnostic imaging/interventions, with a median number of 4 visits (range: 0–10). Each additional hospital visit increased time to NAC treatment by 14%.ConclusionsWomen undergoing NAC require multiple visits before initiating treatment—the majority of these visits are for diagnostic imaging. These results support the need for the coordination of multidisciplinary care and diagnostic imaging for breast cancer patients undergoing NAC to reduce hospital visits, improve the patient experience, and reduce TTT.
LINC00704 contributes to the proliferation and accelerates the cell cycle of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via regulating ETS1/CDK6 axis
Authors: Wang Yan , Tan Qi‐Yan , Shen Ying , Liu Chang‐Yu , Huang Tao , Huai De , Dai Jun 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study is aimed at exploring the biological functions and related mechanism of long noncoding RNA 704 (LINC00704) in the proliferation and cell cycle progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells. The expression of LINC00704 in NPC tissues and cells was quantified by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). After LINC00704 was overexpressed or knocked down in NPC cell lines, cell counting kit‐8 (CCK‐8) assay, 5‐bromo‐2′‐deoxyuridine assay, flow cytometry assay, and Transwell assay were adopted to detect the proliferation, cell cycle progression, migration, and invasion of NPC cells. The interaction between LINC00704 and ETS proto‐oncogene 1 (ETS1) was verified by bioinformatics analysis, RNA pull‐down assay, and RNA immunoprecipitation assay. Dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by qPCR analysis were used to verify the binding status between ETS1 and the promoter region of cyclin‐dependent kinase 6 (CDK6). The regulatory effects of LINC00704 and ETS1 on CDK6 expression were detected by Western blot. LINC00704 expression was elevated in NPC tissues and cells, which was significantly correlated with the advanced TNM stage and poor differentiation. LINC00704 overexpression promoted the multiplication, migration, and invasion of NPC cells and blocked the cell cycle progression while knocking down LINC00704 worked oppositely. LINC00704 could bind to ETS1, thus promoting CDK6 transcription. Knocking down LINC00704 inhibited the CDK6 expression in NPC cells. LINC00704 promotes CDK6 transcription by recruiting ETS1 to the promoter region of CDK6, thus promoting the malignant progression of NPC.
eIF4A3‐induced circWAC promotes breast cancer progression through mediating miR‐599/E2F3 axis
Authors: Huang Wen‐Hui , Yang Qing , Zhang Chuan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCircular RNAs (circRNAs) are implicated in the regulation of tumor progression via the “competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs)” mechanism. We intended to explore the molecular mechanism of circRNA WW domain containing adaptor with coiled‐coil (circWAC) in breast cancer (BC) progression. Reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) and Western blot assay were applied to analyze RNA and protein expression. Cell proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, glycolysis, and tumorigenesis in nude mice were assessed to analyze the role of circWAC/microRNA‐599 (miR‐599)/E2F transcription factor 3 (E2F3) axis in BC. Dual‐luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay and RNA‐pull down assay were performed to verify intermolecular interactions. CircWAC was up‐regulated in BC tissues and cell lines. CircWAC knockdown restrained the proliferation, migration, invasion, and glycolysis and promoted the apoptosis of BC cells. CircWAC acted as miR‐599 sponge, and miR‐599 interference largely reversed circWAC silencing‐induced effects in BC cells. MiR‐599 interacted with the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) of E2F3, and miR‐599 overexpression‐induced suppressive effect on cellular malignant potential was overturned by the accumulation of E2F3 in BC cells. Eukaryotic initiation factor 4A3 (eIF4A3) induced the expression of circWAC in BC cells. CircWAC knockdown suppressed xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Our results demonstrated that eIF4A3‐induced circWAC promoted the proliferation, migration, invasion, and glycolysis and suppressed the apoptosis of BC cells through mediating miR‐599/E2F3 axis, which provided novel potential targets for BC therapy.
Postoperative Radiation Therapy in Oral Cavity Verrucous Carcinoma
Authors: Naik Akash N. , Silverman Dustin A. , Rygalski Chandler J. , Zhao Songzhu , Brock Guy , Lin Chen , Puram Sidharth V. , Rocco James W. , Baliga Sujith , VanKoevering Kyle K. , Old Matthew O. , Seim Nolan B. , Kang Stephen Y. 
Published: January 2022

Objectives/HypothesisWe investigate the clinicopathologic and treatment factors associated with the use of postoperative radiation therapy (PORT) and its effect on overall survival (OS) for patients with oral cavity verrucous carcinoma (VC).Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.MethodsA retrospective cohort study of the National Cancer Database (NCDB) from 2006 to 2015 was performed. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent predictive factors associated with the use of PORT. Cox Regression survival and propensity score analyses were used to evaluate the effect of PORT on mortality.ResultsA total of 356 adult patients with primary oral cavity VC who underwent definitive surgical resection were identified. A total of 10.7% of patients underwent definitive surgical resection followed by PORT. Variables associated with PORT included distance to the hospital per 10 miles (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.81 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.70–0.95]) and stage III–IV disease (aOR, 12.13 and 23.92, respectively). Multivariable Cox regression survival analysis indicated no evidence of survival benefit in patients undergoing PORT compared to surgery alone (adjusted hazard ratio 1.50 [0.74–3.05], P = .23). Propensity score analysis also showed no OS benefit with the use of PORT (P = .41).ConclusionsVariables associated with the use of PORT on multivariable analysis included closer distance to hospital and stage III–IV disease. No clear survival benefit with PORT was identified on either multivariable survival analysis or propensity score analysis. These results suggest that surgery alone with negative margins may be the optimal treatment for patients with oral cavity VC.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 132:1953–1961, 2022
Linkages between soil respiration and soil eukaryotic microalgae following vegetation restoration in the Loess Plateau, China
Authors: Zhang Lei , Lv Junping 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEukaryotic microalgae are widespread in soil. They are generally considered to participate in soil development and the formation of the soil food chain. Interestingly, some microalgae can grow in heterotrophic mode. Therefore, it is a reasonable speculation that eukaryotic microalgae may participate in the process of soil respiration (Rs) via the heterotrophic metabolism of soil organic matter. Nevertheless, the mechanism is not well understood. Here, we investigated the eukaryotic microalgal community in farmland and plantation/grassland soil via high‐throughput sequencing focusing on the Loess Plateau, China. Chlorophyta, Chrysophyta, Cryptophyta, Bacillariophyta, Dinophyta, Xanthophyta, and Haptophyta were found in all samples. Nevertheless, the biomarker for farmland soil was affiliated to Chlorophyta and Xanthophyta, whereas the biomarker for plantation/grassland soil was affiliated to Chrysophyta. Moreover, the distribution of soil microalgae was strongly dependent on soil pH, organic matter, and nitrogen. In addition, afforestation significantly decreased Rs rate, which was significantly related to the soil microalgal community, especially 11 taxa of eukaryotic microalgae affiliating to Chlorophyta and Chrysophyta. Meanwhile, the interaction between microalgae and bacteria in farmland soil was stronger than that in plantation/grassland soil, which was also likely to affect Rs rate. These results suggest that beyond plants, soil eukaryotic microalgae are functionally significant but rarely considered participants of Rs. Therefore, they should be considered when investigating soil carbon cycling.