bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Coronavirus has been the perfect excuse for him to just stop paying’: child maintenance and economic abuse in the UK during the COVID-19 outbreak
Authors: Royal Kathryn 
Published: January 2022

In June 2020, Surviving Economic Abuse launched The Cost of COVID-19 research, comprising a survey and semi-structured interviews with victim-survivors of economic abuse. A self-selecting sample of 360 victim-survivors completed the survey, and a total of 62 interviews were held. The research explored a number of topics, including victim-survivors’ access to child maintenance payments during the pandemic. The research found that perpetrators of economic abuse have been able to use the pandemic and the measures introduced to control its spread to economically abused victim-survivors, including by interfering with child maintenance payments.
Of female victim-survivors eligible for child maintenance payments and who participated in the research, 84 per cent were worried about current access to their payments. Twenty-two per cent reported that the perpetrator had stopped paying child maintenance during the pandemic and 18 per cent reported that they had paid unreliably. This left women unable to rely on payments and struggling to afford essentials for themselves and their children, including food. Women described difficulty in contacting the Child Maintenance Service (CMS), while perpetrators stopped or reduced payments without providing evidence for a change in circumstances. Urgent changes to the CMS are required to ensure that victim-survivors of economic abuse can access child maintenance payments reliably.
Origination of free-form micro-optical elements using one- and
two-photon grayscale laser lithography
Authors: Lamprecht Bernhard , Ulm Andreas , Lichtenegger Philip , Leiner Claude , Nemitz Wolfgang , Sommer Christian 
Published: January 2022

We discuss and describe the development of an origination process for planar free-form micro-optical elements from a given optical design. The targeted masters serve as origination structures for a roll-to-roll mass fabrication process. Specifically targeted are complex, optically smooth, surface relief structures with variable structure heights in the range of 1–20 µm, with typical lateral sizes of more than 5 µm. The area of the targeted masters is in the range of

1

c
m

2

. The main part of the paper is devoted to the description of a self-developed grayscale laser direct-write platform enabling one- and two-photon absorption lithography, also in combination on one and the same sample. In the following, we describe both methods and show that both lead to excellent structural quality of surface micro-relief structures. As a showcase of what the system can do in principle, we designed and fabricated free-form micro-optical elements to project light from an LED as a defined light pattern onto a wall. The proper optical functionality of the fabricated element was shown within a demonstrator setup.
Design of a composite lighting system based on a freeform and a rod lens for machine vision
Authors: Peng Xing , Kong Lingbao , Sun Xiang 
Published: January 2022

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have been widely utilized in machine vision lighting systems such as the process monitoring system in the additive manufacturing field, owing to their long life, high illumination efficiency, and controllable dimming. The quality of the lighting system directly affects the efficiency and accuracy of the entire monitoring system. However, existing designs cannot meet the optical efficiency and uniformity requirements at short lighting distances and small inspection areas with mixed multi-spectrum channels. This paper thus proposes a novel, to the best of our knowledge, design method of integrating a freeform surface lens and a square-shaped rod lens. The optical characteristics under different working distances and targeting surface types have been optimized and evaluated. Meanwhile, tolerance analysis has been utilized to demonstrate the feasibility of installation. With the use of the software Tracepro, simulation results showed that the designed composite machine vision lighting system can obtain an optical efficiency of 81.704% and an illuminance uniformity of 95.804% within the inspection area at a distance of 250 mm. Furthermore, verification experiments with a prototype were performed, demonstrating the feasibility of the proposed machine vision lighting system.
Efficacy of Wang Nam Yen herbal tea on human milk production: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Saejueng Koollachart , Nopsopon Tanawin , Wuttikonsammakit Piyawadee , Khumbun Wattanaporn , Pongpirul Krit 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundInsufficient milk production is a common problem affecting breastfeeding women, in particular following Cesarean delivery. Wang Nam Yen herbal tea is a promising traditional Thai medicine used by postpartum women to stimulate milk production, as an alternative to pharmaceutical galactagogues. We aimed to compare the efficacy of Wang Nam Yen herbal tea, domperidone, and placebo, in increasing milk production in mothers who underwent Cesarean delivery.MethodsWomen who underwent uncomplicated cesarean delivery at Sunpasitthiprasong Hospital were randomized into three groups. The participants received the treatments daily for three consecutive days. The primary outcome was breast milk volume at 72 hours after delivery. Secondary outcomes were pregnancy and neonatal outcomes, adverse events, and participant satisfaction.ResultsOf the 1,450 pregnant women that underwent cesarean delivery, 120 women were enrolled. Their mean age and gestational ages were 28.7 years and 38.4 weeks, respectively. Breast milk volume at 72 hours postpartum was significantly different among the three groups (p= 0.030). The post hoc Bonferroni correction indicated a significant difference in breast milk volume between Wang Nam Yen herbal tea group and placebo control group (p= 0.007) while there was no difference between Wang Nam Yen herbal tea group and domperidone group (p= 0.806) and between domperidone group and placebo control group (p= 0.018). There was no difference in pregnancy and neonatal outcomes, adverse events, and participant satisfaction among the three groups.ConclusionWang Nam Yen herbal tea was effective in augmenting breast milk production at 72 hours postpartum in mothers following cesarean delivery, and there was no evidence that herbal tea and domperidone differed in terms of augmenting breast milk production.Trial registrationThe study was approved by the institutional review board of Sunpasitthiprasong Hospital (No.061/2559) and was registeredTCTR20170811003with the Thai Clinical Trial Registry.
Trend of maternal education in Bangladesh from 2004–2018: Analysis of demographic surveillance data
Authors: Das Shathi , Loba Fharia , Mozumder Kamanasis , Roy Palash , Das Jui , Das Sumon Kumar 
Published: January 2022

Background
Maternal education is universally recognised as a major factor in positive societal indicators (health, wellbeing, overall education, etc.) and a country’s growth and economic sustainability, yet the underlying factors contributing to maternal education have not been widely investigated, especially in developing countries.

Objective
This study investigated the 15-year trend of maternal education in Bangladesh (2004–2018) to identify the factors contributing to maternal education.

Method
This study used publicly available cross-data from five consecutive Bangladesh Demographic and Health Surveys (2004, 2007, 2011, 2014 and 2018). Level of maternal education was grouped as ‘no education’, ‘incomplete primary’, ‘complete primary’, ‘incomplete secondary’, ‘complete secondary’ and ‘higher education’ (reference group). The differences in factors/exposure variables suspected to contribute to maternal education were measured for these groups for 2004–2018, and a survey multinomial logistic regression was performed to estimate the explanatory value of these factors.

Results
From 2004–2018, there was a 62% gross reduction of the no education group and a 61% gross increase in the higher education group. A gross increase was also observed for complete secondary (49%), incomplete secondary (39%) and complete primary education (14%). In multivariate analysis, in rural areas, in 2018, the probability of a woman being in the complete primary, incomplete primary or no education groups was increased (adjusted relative risk ratio: 1.21, 1.40 and 1.59), compared to 2004 (0.73, 1.09, 1.12), respectively. From 2004–2018, the factor of no television watching reduced the probability of maternal education levels. Having a husband/partner who had no education increased the probability of a woman’s education level. The probability of all maternal education levels decreased across all wealth index groups.

Conclusion
The data suggest that average maternal education level in Bangladesh increased from 2004–2018. However, an integrated effort is required to improve factors associated with maternal education to both increase maternal education and Bangladesh’s long-term sustainability.
Multimorbidity clustering of the emergency department patient flow: Impact analysis of new unscheduled care clinics
Authors: Wartelle Adrien , Mourad-Chehade Farah , Yalaoui Farouk , Questiaux Hélène , Monneret Thomas , Soliveau Ghislain , Chrusciel Jan , Duclos Antoine , Laplanche David , Sanchez Stéphane 
Published: January 2022

Background
In France, the number of emergency department (ED) admissions doubled between 1996 and 2016. To cope with the resulting crowding situation, redirecting patients to new healthcare services was considered a viable solution which would spread demand more evenly across available healthcare delivery points and render care more efficient. The objective of this study was to analyze the impact of opening new on-demand care services based on variations in patient flow at a large hospital emergency department.

Methods
We performed a before-and-after study investigating the use of unscheduled care services in the Aube region in eastern France, that focused on ED attendance at Troyes Hospital. A hierarchical clustering based on co-occurrence of diagnoses was applied which divided the population into different multimorbidity profiles. Temporal trends of the resultant clusters were also studied empirically and using regression models. A multivariate logistic regression model was constructed to adjust the periodic effect for appropriate confounders and therefore confirm its presence.

Results
In total, 120,722 visits to the ED were recorded over a 24-month period (2018–2019) and 16 clusters were identified, accounting for 94.76% of all visits. There was a decrease of 56.77 visits per week in seven specific clusters and an increase of use of unscheduled health care services by 328.12 visits per week.

Conclusions
Using an innovative and reliable methodology to evaluate changes in patient flow through the ED, these findings may help inform public health policy experts on the implementation of unscheduled care services to ease pressure on hospital EDs.
Ceiling effect of clomiphene citrate on the testosterone to estradiol ratio in eugonadal infertile men
Authors: Liao Yian , Chang Yi-Kai , Wang Shuo-Meng , Chang Hong-Chiang 
Published: January 2022

Introduction
The testosterone to estradiol ratio (T/E2 ratio) reportedly exerts a stronger effect on semen quality and sexual desire than does testosterone alone. Clomiphene citrate is a selective estrogen receptor modulator that has long been used as an empirical treatment option in the management of idiopathic oligozoospermia. Clomiphene may change the hypothalamus–pituitary–gonad axis and result in the alteration of the T/E2 ratio. No reliable data are available regarding the change in the T/E2 ratio after clomiphene use in eugonadism.

Methods
This study included 24 male patients who were diagnosed with idiopathic infertility with eugonadism. They all received clomiphene citrate (25 mg/day) as empirical treatment. Blood tests for serum testosterone, estradiol, prolactin, luteinizing hormone, and follicle stimulating hormone were performed before and after 4 weeks of clomiphene use. Paired t-tests were used to evaluate the significance of the hormone level change.

Results
Overall, the patients’ T/E2 ratio did not increase significantly after clomiphene use. In the subgroup analysis, the T/E2 ratio of patients with a baseline ratio of <200 increased significantly after clomiphene use.

Conclusions
Clomiphene citrate may significantly increase the T/E2 ratio in eugonadal men under the premise of its ceiling effect (T/E2 ratio < 200), providing practitioners with guidance on the use of clomiphene in this demographic.
Electrical Palestine: Capital and Technology from Empire to Nation, Fredrik Meiton (2019)
Waste Siege: The Life of Infrastructure in Palestine, Sophia Stamatopoulou-Robbins (2019)
Authors: Banko Lauren 
Published: January 2022

Review of: Electrical Palestine: Capital and Technology from Empire to Nation, Fredrik Meiton (2019)
Oakland: University of California Press, 305 pp., 9 b&w illus., 2 maps, 3 tables,
ISBN: 9780520295889 (cloth), $85
ISBN: 9780520295896 (paperback), $29.95

Waste Siege: The Life of Infrastructure in Palestine, Sophia Stamatopoulou-Robbins (2019)
Stanford: Stanford University Press, 313 pp., 15 b&w illus., 1 map,
ISBN: 9781503610897 (paperback), $28
The Missing Pages: The Modern Life of a Medieval Manuscript from Genocide to Justice, Heghnar Zeitlian Watenpaugh (2019)
Authors: Wharton Alyson 
Published: January 2022

Review of: The Missing Pages: The Modern Life of a Medieval Manuscript from Genocide to Justice, Heghnar Zeitlian Watenpaugh (2019)
Stanford: Stanford University Press, 436 pp., 15 colour and 14 b&w illus.,
ISBN: 9780804790444 (hardback), $30
The Praiseworthy One: The Prophet Muhammad in Islamic Texts and Images, Christiane Gruber (2019)
Authors: Di Cesare Michelina 
Published: January 2022

Review of: The Praiseworthy One: The Prophet Muhammad in Islamic Texts and Images, Christiane Gruber (2019)
Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 412 pp., 145 colour illus.,
ISBN: 9780253025265 (hardcover), $60
Holokauszt-oktatás multimédiás eszközök segítségével
Authors: Mezei Mónika 
Published: January 2022

A Dél-kaliforniai Egyetem Soá Alapítványának videóarchívuma közel
53.000 holokauszt túlélő, embermentő és táborfelszabadító interjúját
tartalmazza, amelyek felhasználása új távlatokat nyitott meg a holokauszt
oktatásában. Az alábbi tanulmányban szó esik a videóinterjúk használatának
pedagógiai céljairól és előnyeiről a hagyományos oktatáshoz képest. Az
MTA-SZTE Elbeszélt Történelem és Történelemtanítás Kutatócsoport által
végzett kutatás azt vizsgálja, hogy a történelmi emlékezet és a multimédiás
eszközök beemelése a 20. századi traumák oktatásában milyen képességeket és
attitűdöket tud kialakítani a diákok oktatása során. Kvantitatív és
kvalitatív méréseinek eddigi részeredményei is arra utalnak, hogy az
empátia, a társadalmi tolerancia és szolidaritás, a felelősségérzet és a
kritikus gondolkodás készségeinek fejlesztésére a multimédiás eszközök
kiválóan alkalmazhatók.
REPRESENTAÇÃO E REPRESENTATIVADE FEMININAS NA LITERATURA CIENTÍFICA SOBRE A SÉRIE DOCTOR WHO: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Lopes da Silva Laíne , Santos Claudiene 
Published: January 2022

RESUMO
Por meio da revisão integrativa, o estudo investiga as representações e representatividades femininas na série Doctor Who, a partir da perspectiva dos Estudos Culturais e dos estudos de Gênero, pós- estruturalistas que buscou apresentar trabalhos nacionais e internacionais no período dos anos 2000 a 2020, em 9 base de dados. Foram encontradas 714 publicações e, destas, 15 trabalhos foram selecionados com bases em critérios de inclusão e exclusão. As publicações escolhidas foram analisadas dentro de categorias, expondo os principais pontos positivos e negativos da representação feminina. Os resultados obtidos apontam problematizações entre avanços e retrocessos, contendo inovação na atuação, se caracterizando como um novo espaço pedagógico. Porém, faltam discussões aprofundadas sobre representatividade das mulheres.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Doctor Who. Pedagogias culturais. Questões de gênero. Representação feminina

RESUMEN
A través de la revisión integradora, el estudio investiga las representaciones y las representatividades femeninas en la serie Doctor Who, desde la perspectiva de los Estudios Culturales y los Estudios de Género, post-estructuralista que buscó presentar obras nacionales e internacionales en el período de 2000 a 2020, en 9 bases de datos. Se encontraron 714 publicaciones y, de ellas, se seleccionaron 15 trabajos según los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Las publicaciones elegidas se analizaron por categorías, exponiendo los principales puntos positivos y negativos de la representación femenina. Los resultados obtenidos apuntan a problematizaciones entre avances y retrocesos, conteniendo la innovación en la actuación, caracterizándose como un nuevo espacio pedagógico. Sin embargo, faltan debates en profundidad sobre la representación de las mujeres.
PALABRAS-CLAVE: Doctor Who. Pedagogías culturales. Cuestiones de género. Representación femenina.

ABSTRACT
Through integrative review, the study investigates the representations and female representativities in the series Doctor Who, from the perspective of Cultural Studies and Gender Studies, post-structuralist that sought to present national and international works in the period from 2000 to 2020, in 9 databases. It was found 714 publications and, from these, 15 works were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The chosen publications were analyzed within categories, exposing the main positive and negative points of female representation. The results obtained point to problematizations between advances and setbacks, containing innovation in the performance, characterized as a new pedagogical space. However, there is a lack of in-depth discussions about women's representation.
KEYWORDS: Doctor Who. Culturais pedagogies. Gender issues. Female representation
LIMITES, NEGAÇÃO E CONTRATO:
Authors: Marques Xavier Glaucia , Souza de Camargo Tatiana 
Published: January 2022

O consentimento é um conceito chave quando falamos em violência e em relações afetivo-sexuais. No entanto, pouco é discutido sobre o que exatamente ele significa, em que situações ele é utilizado e de que maneira. Este texto traz pistas sobre como es jovens entendem o consentimento e como a cultura escolar e os discursos que circulam sobre consentimento podem influenciar nesse entendimento. Um momento de observação participante e rodas de conversa com estudantes do oitavo ano de uma escola pública de Porto Alegre nos mostrou que o consentimento parece ser entendido a partir de três aspectos: limites, negação e contrato. O diálogo aparece neste texto como uma potente ferramenta para que es jovens revejam posições e mudem de opinião, demonstrando a importância de falar sobre esse tema que é tão pouco falado.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: consentimento. gênero e sexualidade. escola pública. violências.
El consentimiento es un concepto clave cuando hablamos de violencia y relaciones afectivo-sexuales. Sin embargo, se discute poco sobre qué significa exactamente, en qué situaciones se usa y cómo. Este texto aporta pistas sobre cómo los/las/les jóvenes entienden el consentimiento y cómo la cultura escolar y los discursos que circulan sobre consentimiento pueden influir en este entendimiento. Un momento de observación participante y círculos de conversación con alumnos de octavo grado de una escuela pública de Porto Alegre nos mostraron que el consentimiento parece entenderse desde tres aspectos: límites, negación y contrato. El diálogo aparece en este texto como una poderosa herramienta para que los/las/les jóvenes revisen posiciones y cambien de opinión, demostrando la importancia de hablar sobre este tema del que tan poco se habla.
PALABRAS-CLAVE: consentimiento. género y sexualidad. escuela pública. violencias.
Consent is a key concept when it comes to violence and affective-sexual relationships. However, there are not many discussions about what exactly it means, in what situations it is used and in what way. This text provides clues about how young people understand consent and how school culture and discourses surrounding consent may influence this understanding. A moment of participant observation and conversation circles with eight grade students from a public school in Porto Alegre showed us that consent seems to be understood by young people from three aspects: boundaries, denial and contract. Dialogue appears in this text as a powerful tool in order for young people to review positions and change minds, highlighting the importance of talking about a topic that people rarely talk about.
KEYWORDS: consent. gender and sexuality. public school. violence.
Kajian Tipe dan Komponen Pasang Surut Di Pantai Sigandu Kabupaten Batang
Authors: Hidayat Taufiq , Atmodjo Warsito , Hariyadi Hariyadi , Setyono Heriyoso , Ismanto Aris , Suryoputro Agus Anugroho Dwi 
Published: January 2022

Pasang surut adalah peristiwa alam tentang naik turunnya permukaan air laut yang terjadi secara berulang-ulang dan teratur karena adanya gaya gravitasi benda – benda di langit terutama bulan dan matahari terhadap massa air laut di bumi. Karateristik dan peramalan pasang surut dapat diketahui dengan cara perhitungan mengenai data amplitudo dan beda fase yang merupakan komponen pasang surut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karateristik pasang surut dengan metode Admiralty dan meramalkan pasang surut dengan menggunakan software WorldTides, Mike21 selama 3 tahun (2017-2019).Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 15 Februari 2017 – 1 Maret 2017 di Perairan Sigandu Kabupaten Batang Jawa Tengah. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data pasang surut pengamatan pada lokasi penelitian dan koordinat lokasi penelitian. Hasil penelitian dengan mengunakan metode Admiralty menunjukan bahwa tipe pasang surut di Perairan Sigandu Kabupaten Batang Jawa Tengah adalah tipe pasang surut condong harian tunggal dengan nilai Formzahl sebesar 1,88. Nilai Mean Sea Level (MSL) sebesar 78 cm, nilai High Water Level (HWL) sebesar 108 cm, dan nilai Low Water Level sebesar 50 cm. Tidal is a natural events about the ups and downs are natural events about the ups and downs of sea levels that occur repeatedly and regularly due to the gravitational force of objects in the sky, especially the moon and sun against the sea water mass on earth. Characteristic and tidal forecasting can be known by calculation of data amplitude and phase difference which is tidal component. This study aims to determine the characteristics of the tides with Admiralty method and forecast the ups and downs by using WorldTides software, Mike21 for 3 years (2017-2019) .The research was conducted on February 15, 2017 - March 1, 2017 in Sigandu Waters, Central Java Batang Regency. Data used in this research is tidal observation data at research location and coordinate of research location. The results of research using Admiralty method showed that the type of tides in Sigandu Waters of Central Java Batang Regency is a single daily tidal type of tidal with a value of Formzahl of 1.88. Mean Sea Level (MSL) of 78 cm, High Water Level (HWL) of 108 cm, and Low Water Level of 50 cm.