bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tail risk of coal futures in China's market
Authors: Shen Ze , Wang Minglu , Wan Qing 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study evaluates the downside tail risk of coal futures contracts (coke, coking coal and thermal coal) traded in the Chinese market between 2011 and 2021, measured by value at risk (VaR). We examine the one‐day‐ahead VaR forecasting performance with a hybrid econometric and deep learning model (GARCH‐LSTM), GARCH family models, extreme value theory models, quantile regression models and two naïve models (historical simulation and exponentially weighted moving average). We use four backtesting techniques and the model confidence set to identify the optimal models. The results suggest that the models focusing on tail risk or utilising long short‐term memory generate more effective risk management.
NADPH oxidase and endoplasmic reticulum stress is associated with neuronal degeneration in orbitofrontal cortex of individuals with alcohol use disorder
Authors: Qin Liya , Vetreno Ryan P. , Crews Fulton T. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMany disorders of the central nervous system (CNS), including alcohol use disorder (AUD), are associated with induction of proinflammatory neuroimmune signalling and neurodegeneration. In previous studies, we found increased expression of Toll‐like receptors (TLRs), activated NF‐κB p65 (RELA), and other proinflammatory signalling molecules. Proinflammatory NADPH oxidases generate reactive oxygen species, which are linked to neurodegeneration. We tested the hypothesis that AUD increased RELA activation increases NADPH oxidase‐oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress cell death cascades in association with neuronal cell death in the human orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). In the AUD OFC, we report mRNA induction of several NADPH oxidases, the dual oxidase DUOX2, and the oxidative stress lipid peroxidation marker 4‐HNE and the DNA oxidation marker 8‐OHdG that correlate with RELA, a marker of proinflammatory NF‐κB activation. This was accompanied by increased expression of the ER stress‐associated regulator protein glucose‐regulated protein 78 (GRP78), transmembrane sensors activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), protein kinase RNA‐like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), and inositol‐requiring kinase/endonuclease 1 (pIRE1), and the pro‐apoptotic transcription factor C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP). Expression of NADPH oxidase‐oxidative stress markers correlate with ER stress‐associated molecules. Induction of oxidative stress and ER stress signalling pathways correlate with expression of cell death‐associated caspases and neuronal cell loss. These data support the hypothesis that proinflammatory RELA‐mediated induction of NADPH oxidase‐oxidative stress and ER stress‐associated signalling cascades is associated with neuronal cell death in the post‐mortem human OFC of individuals with AUD.
Outcomes of higher‐order multiple pregnancies in an Australian setting
Authors: Wong Shian‐Li , Emerson Sandra , Jamaludin Nadiah , Chang Melissa H.Y. , Welsh Alec 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundHigher‐order multiple (HOM) pregnancies are associated with significant maternal and neonatal morbidity, especially consequent to preterm birth. Multi‐fetal pregnancy reduction (MFPR) may be provided, though its benefits in prolonging gestation and improving neonatal outcomes must be weighed against its risks.AimsThe aim was to compare outcomes of HOM pregnancies where expectant management was chosen (EM) with those where MFPR was provided.MethodsThe method involved a retrospective study of HOM pregnancies referred to a single quaternary hospital between 2007 and 2016. The primary outcome was gestational age. Secondary outcomes included miscarriage, nursery admission, hospital stay, Apgar scores, early fetal loss, stillbirth, neonatal death and composite fetal loss.ResultsFifty‐seven pregnancies were eligible for inclusion. Median gestation at birth (weeks) was significantly higher for MFPR (35.3 vs 33.1, P < 0.01). Pregnancies after MFPR were less likely to lead to preterm birth (63.2 vs 100.0%, P < 0.001), half as likely to birth before 34 weeks (31.6 vs 60.0%, P = 0.09) but similarly likely to extremely preterm birth (<28 weeks, 8.6 vs 10.5%, P = 0.58). Miscarriage was more likely after MFPR (13.6 vs 0%, P = 0.05). EM neonates were more likely to be admitted to the nursery (P < 0.01) and have longer hospital stay (29.6 vs 20.2 days, P = 0.05); however, they had similar Apgar scores.ConclusionOur study demonstrates that MFPR is associated with an increase in gestational age, with a reduction by almost half of births before 34 weeks, but no difference in extremely preterm births; the latter represents the highest risk group. This should be used to guide management counselling for HOM pregnancies.
Effect of Family Integrated Care on maternal stress in preterm infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A bi‐center experience
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Jiang Min , Xiang Xiying , He Wenwen , Du Juan , Hei Mingyan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimTo compare the effect of family integrated care (FICare) on maternal stress in preterm infants with traditional non‐parent neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) care.MethodsWe continuously enrolled mothers and their preterm infants from two NICUs between August 2014 and April 2017; while one NICU applied the FICare model (FICare group) and the other performed standard non‐parent care model (control group). Maternal stress was evaluated by the Parental Stress Scale: NICU (PSS: NICU) on admission and right before the discharge. A generalized linear model to adjust for potential confounders. Subgroup analysis was also performed for comparisons between two groups.ResultsA total of 215 mothers with preterm infants were included in this study, among whom 118 (54.88%) were in FICare group and 97 (45.12%) were in control group. The mean PSS: NICU score was 117.36 ± 26.27 on admission with no difference between two groups. Before being discharged home, the PSS: NICU score of parents in both groups was significantly reduced, with the score of FICare group was significantly lower than that of control group. In all sub‐domains of PSS: NICU score as sights and sounds, baby looks and behavior score, and parental role, the scores of FICare group were significantly lower than control group.ConclusionsThere was a simultaneous decrease of maternal stress for NICU preterm infants. FICare further facilitates reducing the maternal stress. It shall be encouraged to apply FICare model in NICUs.
Evaluation of post‐colostrum ingestion changes in the protein composition of peripheral blood of newborn piglets: A pilot study
Authors: Ito Ken R. , Kawasaki Kiyonori , Miura Hiroto , Tsukahara Takamitsu , Inoue Ryo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPutatively, colostral proteins are partly absorbed and transferred to blood circulation in newborn piglets, which suggests that colostrum ingestion alters the protein composition of their blood. Here, we conducted a pilot study to estimate the changes in the protein composition of piglet blood. Plasma collected from piglets pre‐ and post‐ingestion of colostrum (PreC and PostC) was analyzed by shotgun proteomics. Proteins in colostrum were also analyzed. We identified 393 and 427 proteins in PreC and PostC plasma, respectively, and 596 colostral proteins. Whereas 202 unique proteins were identified in PostC, PreC and PostC commonly shared 225 proteins. By contrast, when compared with PreC, 54 proteins in PostC had their emPAI values increased >2‐fold. Notably, using plasma samples collected from a separate experiment, the concentrations of growth differentiation factor 8 and haptoglobin were higher in PostC than in PreC, which was validated by ELISA. Approximately 60% of the uniquely identified or highly concentrated proteins in PostC were also found in colostrum, which were likely, at least partly, transferred from colostrum. The present study demonstrated that the protein composition of plasma of newborn piglets drastically changed post‐colostrum ingestion, partly due to transfer of colostral proteins.
Changes in immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin G concentrations in the saliva of Japanese Black beef cows during calving: A pilot study
Authors: Haga Satoshi , Suzuki Yutaka , Miwa Masafumi , Kubota Kaiyu , Sakatani Miki 
Published: December 2022

AbstractImmunoglobulin A (IgA) in saliva, mostly consisting of secretory IgA, plays an important role in the mucosal immune mechanism. This study evaluated changes in salivary IgA and Immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrations in Japanese Black cows (n = 16) during calving. Individual saliva samples were collected −2, 0, and 2 weeks postpartum. Immunoglobulin concentrations differed significantly among weeks (P < 0.05), but the effect of parity and week × parity was insignificant. Salivary IgA concentrations decreased drastically (P < 0.05) after calving compared with those at −2 weeks postpartum and remained low until 2 weeks postpartum. The salivary IgG concentrations decreased gradually during peripartum and differed at −2 and 2 weeks postpartum (P < 0.05). Considering the immunoglobulin concentrations at −2 weeks postpartum as the reference standard for 100%, the rates of decrease in IgA concentrations (36.7 ± 6.9%) were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than those of IgG (70.3 ± 10.1%) at calving day. To our knowledge, this is the first report indicating that salivary IgA concentrations decreased drastically after calving in Japanese Black cows. Further studies monitoring the secretory functions of IgA in the salivary gland are essential for understanding maternal immunity in cattle.
Relationship between frame rates and subpopulation structure of bovine sperm divided by their motility analyzed by a computer‐assisted sperm analysis system
Authors: Kanno Chihiro , Sun‐Sik Kang , Sakamoto Kentaro Q. , Yanagawa Yojiro , Katagiri Seiji , Nagano Masashi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe authors investigated the relationship between frame rates and subpopulation structure of bovine sperm divided by their motility analyzed by a computer‐assisted sperm analysis (CASA). Kinematic parameters of bovine sperm incubated in Brackett & Oliphant medium with and without calcium ionophore for 0, 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 min were evaluated by a CASA at 150 frames per second (fps) and analyzed structure of sperm motility subpopulation by cluster analysis. Then, we converted CASA data at 150 fps to 75, 50, and 30 fps and evaluated the structures of sperm motility subpopulation at different fps in each sperm by a discriminant analysis. As the results, the structure of sperm motility subpopulation was affected by frame rate. Sperm were divided into six clusters at 150, 75, and 50 fps; on the other hand, there were five clusters at 30 fps. Straight‐line velocity was similar at all frame rates. However, as the frame rate became higher, curvilinear velocity and beat cross frequency of sperm head increased significantly, whereas lateral sperm head displacement decreased significantly. In conclusion, higher frame rate at 150 fps is recommended to capture the trajectory of sperm accurately by CASA in the present study.
Review: Interventions addressing loneliness amongst university students: a systematic review
Authors: Ellard Olivia Betty , Dennison Christina , Tuomainen Helena 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundLoneliness is detrimental to mental health, with university students at higher risk of feeling lonely than other population groups. However, little research has explored interventions to reduce loneliness among students. This review identifies the characteristics and effectiveness of interventions targeting university/college students.MethodsPsycINFO, Medline, ASSIA and Web of Science were searched from inception using keywords linked to ‘loneliness’, ‘intervention’ and ‘students’. Relevant peer and nonpeer‐reviewed English‐language articles on studies implementing an intervention with loneliness as an outcome and investigating undergraduate or postgraduate students at a higher education institution were included for quality analysis and narrative synthesis. Risk of bias was assessed at both study level and at outcome level.ResultsTwenty‐eight articles were included, comprising 25 quantitative and three qualitative studies, covering 37 interventions, most implemented in the United States. Interventions were based on psychoeducation, social support groups, increasing social interaction or reflective exercises. The age of the participants (n = 2339) ranged from 17.62 to 25 (mean age 20.63) years. Evidence from the RCTs suggests that most interventions influenced loneliness outcomes, but the magnitude of the benefit is unclear. Across quantitative studies, 80% (16/20) of interventions based on either social support groups, increasing social interaction or reflective exercises, and 50% (7/14) of interventions based on psychoeducation were deemed effective in reducing loneliness. Most interventions measured quantitatively were delivered in a group setting, of which two thirds were considered effective in reducing loneliness scores, regardless of intervention.ConclusionsUniversities have a choice of interventions to help reduce loneliness among students either on campus or virtually. Ones promoting social connectedness appear to be more successful. More high‐quality studies in a larger number of countries are needed, taking vulnerable student groups into consideration.
Prevalence and trend of allergen sensitization in patients with cheilitis referred for patch testing, North American Contact Dermatitis Group data, 2001–2018
Authors: Silverberg Jonathan I. , Chaubal Manotri , Warshaw Erin M. , Maibach Howard I. , Belsito Donald V. , DeKoven Joel G. , Zug Kathryn A. , Taylor James S. , Sasseville Denis , DeLeo Vincent A. , Pratt Melanie D. , Reeder Margo J. , Atwater Amber R. , Fowler Joseph F. , Houle Marie‐Claude 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundAn updated understanding of allergic contact cheilitis is needed.ObjectivesTo characterize clinical characteristics and allergen relevance in patients with cheilitis referred for patch testing.MethodsRetrospective analysis of 43 772 patients patch tested with the North American Contact Dermatitis Group (NACDG) screening series from 2001 to 2018.ResultsOverall, 2094 patients (4.8%) had lips as one of three sites of dermatitis, 1583 (3.6%) had lips as the primary site and 1167 (2.7%) had lips as the sole site of dermatitis. Prevalences of cheilitis at any, primary, and sole sites significantly increased throughout the study cycle from 2001–2002 (2.7%, 2.2% and 1.7%) to 2017–2018 (7.8%, 5.2% and 3.7%). Approximately 60% of patients with any, a primary, or a sole site of cheilitis had one or more positive allergic patch‐test reactions compared to 65% of those without cheilitis.ConclusionPatients with cheilitis who were referred for patch testing had high rates of positive and relevant allergens. More than one in four patients with any, primary, or sole cheilitis had a positive reaction to non‐NACDG screening allergens (28.0%, 26.8%, 31.1% vs. 21.6%) compared to patients without cheilitis, emphasizing the need for expanded patch test series in cheilitis.
Mountain gorillas benefit from social distancing too: Close proximity from tourists affects gorillas' sociality
Authors: Costa Raquel F. P. , Romano Valéria , Pereira André S. , Hart Jordan D. A. , MacIntosh Andrew , Hayashi Misato 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGorilla tourism supports the protection of its ecosystem, benefiting humans and wildlife populations living therein. Assessing to what degree the presence and proximity of tourists affect wildlife aids long‐term benefits. Because wild animals might see human activities as stressors, we hypothesized that the increased presence and proximity of tourists leads to immediate changes in gorilla social cohesion. We constructed social networks from association rates before, during, and after tourist visits, and when tourists were very close (≤3 m) or close (>3 m) to them. Our analysis focused on this distance threshold (≤3 m and >3 m) because the 7 m rule, enforced by the national park, was violated 84% of the time. We showed that gorillas spent more time in closer association after tourists arrived and when tourists were <3 m away from gorillas. Immediate changes were detected in the number of individuals close to each other, the time they spent together and the distance of an individual to all others, indicating that gorillas might increase social cohesion because they perceive tourists as a risk. These results highlight the need to enforce the tourism guidelines (maximum of eight people per group, including park staff; minimum distance of 7 m) to ensure the sustainable success of gorilla tourism.
Effects of wild, semi‐captive, and captive management on male Chiricahua leopard frog sperm quality with implications for conservation breeding programs
Authors: Julien Allison R. , Counsell Kristen R. , Burger Isabella J. , Kouba Andrew J. , Barber Diane , Cobos Cassidi , Jennings Randy D. , Christman Bruce L. , Kouba Carrie K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Chiricahua leopard frog (Lithobates chiricahuensis) is a threatened species endemic to the southwestern United States and Northern Mexico. Captive breeding programs were established to support reintroduction efforts, yet reproductive output has been lower than needed for recovery of the species. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of captivity on amphibian reproduction by (1) determining if captive, semi‐captive, and wild male L. chiricahuensis produce sperm at similar rates and concentration in response to hormone treatment; and (2) evaluating the quality of sperm obtained over time from these populations. Males from captive, semi‐captive, and wild locations were administered a combination of human chorionic gonadotropin and gonadotropin‐releasing hormone to stimulate sperm production and release. A high percentage of males in the captive (60%), semi‐captive (100%), and wild (95.3%) populations produced sperm following treatment. Sperm quality (forward progressive motility and total sperm motility) did not differ between groups. However, sperm quantity (sperm/ml) differed (p < .05) between populations, with semi‐captive and wild males producing higher concentrations of sperm than captive males. These results suggest that Chiricahua leopard frog sperm quantity, but not quality, may become negatively impacted by long‐term captivity in indoor, controlled settings.
Factors affecting ward nurses' basic life support experiences: An integrative literature review
Authors: Dermer Jennifer , James Steven , Palmer Christine , Christensen Martin , Craft Judy 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundPerforming cardiopulmonary resuscitation in non‐critical care hospital wards is a stressful event for the registered nurse; stress may negatively affect performance. Delays in initiating basic life support and following current basic life support algorithms have been reported globally.AimThe aim of this review was to investigate factors that can affect registered nurses' experiences of performing basic life support.MethodsUsing the five‐step integrative literature review method from Whittemore and Knafl, this review searched articles published between January 2000 and June 2022 for qualitative and quantitative primary studies from the databases CINAHL Complete (EBSCO), Medline (Web of Science), Scopus and PubMed.ResultsNine studies from eight countries met the inclusion criteria and were appraised here. Five themes relating to factors affecting the performance of basic life support were found during this review: staff interaction issues, confidence concerns, fear of harm and potential litigation, defibrillation concerns and basic life support training issues.ConclusionsThis review revealed several concerns experienced by registered nurses in performing basic life support and highlights a lack of research. Factors affecting nurses' experiences need to be understood. This will allow education to focus on consideration of human factors, or non‐technical skills during basic life support training, as well as technical skills, to improve outcomes for patients experiencing an in‐hospital cardiopulmonary arrest.
Rapidly fabricating Y2O3 transparent ceramics at low temperature by SPS with mesoporous powder
Authors: Fang Hailiang , Gu Shijia , Fan Shengjie , Zhou Beiying , Huang Ping , Luo Wei , Wang Lianjun , Jiang Wan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFine‐grained and dense highly transparent Y2O3 ceramics have been successfully prepared using high sintering activity mesoporous Y2O3 powders without any additive by spark plasma sintering (SPS). The influences of the sintering temperature on microstructure, density, optical, and mechanical properties of SPS‐sintered Y2O3 ceramics were studied in detail. As results, the optimal Y2O3 ceramics with high relative density of 99.90% and fine average grain size of 140 nm were obtained at a low sintering temperature of 1140°C and a moderate load pressure of 60 MPa for 5 min. Meanwhile, the dense Y2O3 ceramics with 1 mm thickness after annealing show a high linear transmittance of 78% (close to 94% of the theoretical value) at 2.4–3 µm wavelength. In additions, the Vickers hardness and fracture toughness of samples can reach 8.48 GPa and 1.45 MPa m1/2, respectively. This result proves that the high activity of mesoporous Y2O3 is considered to be an important means for preparing high‐performance fine Y2O3 ceramics at low sintering temperature.
Bridged polysilsesquioxane‐derived SiOCN ceramic aerogels for microwave absorption
Authors: Shao Gaofeng , Ding Chengxi , Yu Gaoyuan , Xu Rupan , Huang Xiaogu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe development of high‐performance microwave absorption materials in harsh environment is highly desirable but challenging. Herein, lightweight silicon oxycarbonitride (SiOCN) ceramic aerogels were fabricated by the pyrolysis of bridged polysilsesquioxane aerogels, which was presynthesized by a sol–gel method followed by vacuum drying. The structural order and content of free carbon phase determined by pyrolysis temperature play a critical role in modulating the impedance matching and attenuation capacity. The as‐prepared SiOCN aerogel pyrolyzed at 1000°C achieves a minimal reflection loss of −64.2 dB at 8.96 GHz and a broad bandwidth of 5.4 GHz at a low thickness of 2.15 mm. The hierarchical pore structure, abundant heterogeneous amorphous SiOCN/free carbon interfaces, and conductive free carbon phase benefit the superior absorption performance by forming good impedance matching, multiple scattering, interface polarization, and conduction losses. This work provides an insight for the rational design of polymer‐derived ceramic aerogel‐based microwave absorption materials for potential application under extreme conditions such as high‐temperature and oxidation environments.
Effect of CaO doping on densification and microstructure control of highly transparent La0.4Gd1.6Zr2O7 ceramics
Authors: Deng Shiwei , Liang Lexing , Tang Zhe , Yuan Haifeng , Zhang Cong , Li Zijie , Duan Junjing , Qi Jianqi , Lu Tiecheng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCalcium oxide (CaO) as sintering additive was first used to fabricate La0.4Gd1.6Zr2O7 transparent ceramics by a simple solid‐state reaction and one‐step vacuum sintering method. The effects of CaO dopant amount on the densification, as well as sintering behaviors and microstructure evolution of the as‐fabricated La0.4Gd1.6Zr2O7 ceramics, were systematically investigated. Under the different sintering temperatures, the relationships during the sintering process between grain growth and zpore elimination were analyzed as well. It was found that 0.1 wt% CaO doping can effectively control the rate of grain growth and promote densification dominated by surface diffusion. Furthermore, Ca2+ entered the lattice of La0.4Gd1.6Zr2O7 ceramics to accelerate ion diffusion and suppress grain boundary migration. With the introduction of 0.1 wt% CaO doping, the highly transparent La0.4Gd1.6Zr2O7 ceramics (T = 80.4% at 1100 nm) were successfully fabricated at the traditional sintering temperature (1850°C).