bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
QRS micro-fragmentation as a mortality predictor
Authors: Hnatkova Katerina , Andršová Irena , Novotný Tomáš , Britton Annie , Shipley Martin , Vandenberk Bert , Sprenkeler David J , Junttila Juhani , Reichlin Tobias , Schlögl Simon , Vos Marc A , Friede Tim , Bauer Axel , Huikuri Heikki V , Willems Rik , Schmidt Georg , Franz Michael R , Sticherling Christian , Zabel Markus , Malik Marek 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Aims
Fragmented QRS complex with visible notching on standard 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is understood to represent depolarization abnormalities and to signify risk of cardiac events. Depolarization abnormalities with similar prognostic implications likely exist beyond visual recognition but no technology is presently suitable for quantification of such invisible ECG abnormalities. We present such a technology.

Methods and results
A signal processing method projects all ECG leads of the QRS complex into optimized three perpendicular dimensions, reconstructs the ECG back from this three-dimensional projection, and quantifies the difference (QRS ‘micro’-fragmentation, QRS-μf) between the original and reconstructed signals. QRS ‘micro’-fragmentation was assessed in three different populations: cardiac patients with automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillators, cardiac patients with severe abnormalities, and general public. The predictive value of QRS-μf for mortality was investigated both univariably and in multivariable comparisons with other risk factors including visible QRS ‘macro’-fragmentation, QRS-Mf. The analysis was made in a total of 7779 subjects of whom 504 have not survived the first 5 years of follow-up. In all three populations, QRS-μf was strongly predictive of survival (P &lt; 0.001 univariably, and P &lt; 0.001 to P = 0.024 in multivariable regression analyses). A similar strong association with outcome was found when dichotomizing QRS-μf prospectively at 3.5%. When QRS-μf was used in multivariable analyses, QRS-Mf and QRS duration lost their predictive value.

Conclusion
In three populations with different clinical characteristics, QRS-μf was a powerful mortality risk factor independent of several previously established risk indices. Electrophysiologic abnormalities that contribute to increased QRS-μf values are likely responsible for the predictive power of visible QRS-Mf.
Electrical management of heart failure: from pathophysiology to treatment
Authors: Prinzen Frits W , Auricchio Angelo , Mullens Wilfried , Linde Cecilia , Huizar Jose F 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Electrical disturbances, such as atrial fibrillation (AF), dyssynchrony, tachycardia, and premature ventricular contractions (PVCs), are present in most patients with heart failure (HF). While these disturbances may be the consequence of HF, increasing evidence suggests that they may also cause or aggravate HF. Animal studies show that longer-lasting left bundle branch block, tachycardia, AF, and PVCs lead to functional derangements at the organ, cellular, and molecular level. Conversely, electrical treatment may reverse or mitigate HF. Clinical studies have shown the superiority of atrial and pulmonary vein ablation for rhythm control and AV nodal ablation for rate control in AF patients when compared with medical treatment. Ablation of PVCs can also improve left ventricular function. Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an established adjunct therapy currently undergoing several interesting innovations. The current guideline recommendations reflect the safety and efficacy of these ablation therapies and CRT, but currently, these therapies are heavily underutilized. This review focuses on the electrical treatment of HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). We believe that the team of specialists treating an HF patient should incorporate an electrophysiologist in order to achieve a more widespread use of electrical therapies in the management of HFrEF and should also include individual conditions of the patient, such as body size and gender in therapy fine-tuning.
Insight into the 2017–2019 Lurestan arc seismic sequence (Zagros, Iran); complex earthquake interaction in the basement and sediments
Authors: Jamalreyhani Mohammadreza , Rezapour Mehdi , Cesca Simone , Dahm Torsten , Heimann Sebastian , Sudhaus Henriette , Isken Marius Paul 
Published: February 2022

SUMMARY
Despite its high-seismogenic potential, the details of the seismogenic processes of Zagros Simply Folded Belt (SFB) remains debated. Three large earthquakes (Mw 7.3, 5.9 and 6.3) struck in the Lurestan arc of the Zagros SFB in 2017 and 2018. The sequence was recorded by seismic stations at regional, and teleseismic distances. Coseismic surface displacements, measured by Sentinel-1A/B satellites, provide additional data and a unique opportunity to study these earthquakes in detail. Here, we complement previous studies of the coseismic slip distribution of the 12 November 2017 Mw 7.3 Ezgeleh earthquake by a detailed analysis of its aftershocks, and we analysed the rupture process of the two interrelated earthquakes (25 August 2018 Mw 5.9 Tazehabad and the 25 November 2018 Mw 6.3 Sarpol-e Zahab earthquakes). We model the surface displacements obtained from Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) measurements and seismic records. We conduct non-linear probabilistic optimizations based on joint InSAR and seismic data to obtain finite-fault rupture of these earthquakes. The Lurestan arc earthquakes were followed by a sustained aftershock activity, with 133 aftershocks exceeding Mn 4.0 until 30 December 2019. We rely on the permanent seismic networks of Iran and Iraq to relocate ∼700 Mn 3 + events and estimate moment tensor solutions for 85 aftershocks down to Mw 4.0. The 2017 Ezgeleh earthquake has been considered to activate a low-angle (∼17°) dextral-thrust fault at the depth of 10–20 km. However, most of its aftershocks have shallow centroid depths (8–12 km). The joint interpretation of finite source models, moment tensor and hypocentral location indicate that the 2018 Tazehabad and Sarpol-e Zahab earthquakes ruptured different strike-slip structures, providing evidence for the activation of the sinistral and dextral strike-slip faults, respectively. The deformation in the Lurestan arc is seismically accommodated by a complex fault system involving both thrust and strike-slip faults. Knowledge about the deformation characteristics is important for the understanding of crustal shortening, faulting and hazard and risk assessment in this region.
Implications of the correlation between radio and far-infrared emission for spiral galaxies
Authors: Chi X , Wolfendale A W 
Published: February 2022

Summary
A theory is proposed for the correlation between radio continuum (RC) and thermal far-infrared (FIR) radiation for normal spiral galaxies. In this theory, we assume global energy outputs of the FIR and cosmic rays to be proportional to the star formation rate, and adopt energy equipartition between cosmic rays and the interstellar magnetic field so as to keep dynamical stability and steady star formation in the galaxies. It is shown that the tight correlation between the RC and FIR emission results from a steady star formation process in the galaxies rather than both of them being simply from the same source. An important feature of the model is that, in the majority of galaxies, most of the cosmic ray electrons responsible for the radio emission at the observed frequencies escape. An approximate solution to the problem of electron propagation with a free escape boundary condition is derived and the emissivity of synchrotron radio emission is calculated. Direct evidence for the theory is the prediction of a non-unity slope for the correlation between RC and FIR, and this is observed. From small and less luminous galaxies to large and more luminous ones, we predict that there is a turning point above which most of the electrons will be trapped in the galaxies rather than escaping, and correspondingly the slope of the correlation will become unity. From a sample of data, we find this trend.
The distribution of silicon on BP Boo
Authors: Hatzes Artie P 
Published: February 2022

Summary
A version of the Doppler imaging technique which incorporates the principles of maximum entropy reconstruction is used to derive the silicon distribution on the Ap star BP Boo (HR 5857). The method used made it possible to detect an error in the published photometric period and a new value of 1.29557 d was determined. The silicon distribution consists of two depleted spots of unequal area separated by about 180° in longitude. These spots may coincide with the location of the magnetic poles of the star as in the case of γ2 Ari. Near the larger of the depleted silicon spots is a spot of enhanced abundance. The unequal area of the depleted spots as well as the close proximity of the enhanced spot to one of the depleted regions suggests the presence of non-axisymmetric magnetic field lines. If the depleted spots do indeed coincide with the magnetic poles, then the silicon distribution on BP Boo seems to be consistent with the predictions of diffusion theory that places regions of enhanced silicon near where the field lines are horizontal and depleted silicon in regions of vertical fields.
Short-period variability in Be stars
Authors: Balona L A 
Published: February 2022

Summary
A highly significant correlation is found between the projected rotational velocities and the photometric periods of Be stars. We show that this correlation may be readily understood if the photometric period is equated with the rotational period. If the nonradial pulsation hypothesis (NRP) is correct, we show that g-modes with radial order exceeding 50 must be involved, and that half the Be stars are pulsating with azimuthal spherical harmonic order m = −1, the other half with m = −2. According to current NRP theory, these results indicate that the Be stars rotate like solid bodies. On the basis of some recent observations which show that considerable magnetic activity is present and a particular episode in the Be star K CMa, we suspect that NRP is unlikely to be the cause of low-order periodic variations in Be stars. We suggest a model of rotational modulation caused by active areas. These are speculated to be the footprints of open magnetic field lines along which enhanced mass loss is occurring.
The steep-spectrum low-frequency variable source 3C99: radio and optical observations
Authors: Mantovani F , Saikia D J , Browne I W A , Fanti R , Muxlow T W B , Padrielli L 
Published: February 2022

Summary
We present VLA, MERLIN and VLBI observations at cm wavelengths of the radio galaxy 3C99, a low-frequency variable source with a steep radio spectrum. The radio observations show that the source consists of three principal components, which are roughly collinear and have steep radio spectra. Of these, the middle component is the brightest feature at the highest resolutions, has the lowest limits on the degree of polarization and is closest to the position of the optical galaxy. We associate this component with the nucleus of the galaxy and suggest that interstellar scattering of the radiation from it could be responsible for the observed low-frequency variability. The two outer components are very asymmetrically located relative to the nucleus, and also differ in peak brightness by a factor of about 70. We also present optical spectroscopic observations, made with the Isaac Newton Telescope, which show the presence of extended [O in] emission with a systematic velocity shift of the line across the source. We discuss possible relationships between the extended line emission and the radio structure.
Profiles of emission lines in active galactic nuclei - III. Observations of Ha, [N II] and [S II] profiles
Authors: Busko I C , Steiner J E 
Published: February 2022

Summary
High-resolution (FWHM= 28 km s-1) observations of Ha, [N II] λ6548/6583 and [S II] λ6717/6731 emission lines in several southern active galactic nuclei (AGN) are presented. Deblending of the Hα + [N II] profiles was performed using, when available, the [0 III] λ5007 profile shape as a template. Line profile measurements, as well as line intensities, are tabulated. We found to be relatively common among the observed objects the existence of structure in the line cores, pointing to the complexity of the dynamics in the low-velocity emission region. Differences in profile shape and width amongst different lines are also common, indicating that often there is a superposition, on the spectrograph slit, of emission regions with different dynamics and excitation conditions. This superposition is quantified in the case of IC 5063. We found weak, broad Ha emission in IC 5063 and IC 5135. In NGC 2992, we were unable to confirm the presence of a broad Ha component with the same intensity as found by previous authors, which we ascribe to spectral resolution effects.
Chandra view of Abell 407: the central compact group of galaxies and the interaction between the radio AGN and the ICM
Authors: Geng Chao , Ge Chong , Lal Dharam V , Sun Ming , Ji Li , Xu Haiguang , Liu Wenhao , Hardcastle Martin , Forman William , Kraft Ralph , Jones Christine 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
Abell 407 (A407) is a unique galaxy cluster hosting a central compact group of nine galaxies (named as ‘Zwicky’s Nonet’; G1–G9 in this work) within a 30 kpc radius region. The cluster core also hosts a luminous radio active galactic nucleus (AGN), 4C 35.06 with helically twisted jets extending over 200 kpc. With a 44 ks Chandra observation of A407, we characterize the X-ray properties of its intracluster medium and central galaxies. The mean X-ray temperature of A407 is 2.7 keV and the M200 is $1.9 \times 10^{14}\, {\mathrm{M}_{\odot }}$. We suggest that A407 has a weak cool core at r &lt; 60 kpc scales and at its very centre, &lt;1–2 kpc radius, a small galaxy corona associated with the strong radio AGN. We also conclude that the AGN 4C 35.06 host galaxy is most likely G3. We suggest that the central group of galaxies is undergoing a ‘slow merge’ procedure. The range of the merging time-scale is 0.3 ∼ 2.3 Gyr and the stellar mass of the future brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) will be $7.4\times 10^{11} \, \mathrm{M}_{\odot }$. We find that the regions that overlap with the radio jets have higher temperature and metallicity. This is consistent with AGN feedback activity. The central entropy is higher than that for other clusters, which may be due to the AGN feedback and/or merging activity. With all these facts, we suggest that A407 is a unique and rare system in the local universe that could help us to understand the formation of a massive BCG.
A higher probability of detecting lensed supermassive black hole binaries by LISA
Authors: Gao Zucheng , Chen Xian , Hu Yi-Ming , Zhang Jian-Dong , Huang Shun-Jia 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
Gravitational lensing of gravitational waves (GWs) is a powerful probe of the matter distribution in the universe. Here we revisit the wave-optics effects induced by dark matter (DM) haloes on the GW signals of merging massive black hole binaries (MBHBs), and we study the possibility of discerning these effects using the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). In particular, we include the haloes in the low-mass range of $10^5\!-\!10^8\, \mathrm{M}_\odot$ since they are the most numerous according to the cold DM model. We simulate the lensed signals corresponding to a wide range of impact parameters, and we find distinguishable deviation from the standard best-fitting GW templates even when the impact parameter is as large y ≃ 50. Consequently, we estimate that over $(0.1\!-\!1.6){{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of the MBHBs in the mass range of $10^{5.0}\!-\!10^{6.5}\, \mathrm{M}_\odot$ and the redshift range of 4 − 10 should show detectable wave-optics effects. This probability is one order of magnitude higher than that derived in previous works. The uncertainty comes mainly from the mass function of the DM haloes. Not detecting any signal during the LISA mission would imply that DM haloes with $10^5\!-\!10^8\, \mathrm{M}_\odot$ are less numerous than what the cold DM model predicts.
ExoMol line lists – XLV. Rovibronic molecular line lists of calcium monohydride (CaH) and magnesium monohydride (MgH)
Authors: Owens Alec , Dooley Sophie , McLaughlin Luke , Tan Brandon , Zhang Guanming , Yurchenko Sergei N , Tennyson Jonathan 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
New molecular line lists for calcium monohydride (40Ca1H) and magnesium monohydride (24Mg1H) and its minor isotopologues (25Mg1H and 26Mg1H) are presented. The rotation-vibration-electronic (rovibronic) line lists, named XAB, consider transitions involving the $X\, {}^{2}\Sigma ^{+}$, $A\, {}^{2}\Pi$, and $B/B^{\prime }\, {}^{2}\Sigma ^{+}$ electronic states in the 0–30 000 cm−1 region (wavelengths λ &gt; 0.33 μm) and are suitable for temperatures up to 5000 K. A comprehensive analysis of the published spectroscopic literature on CaH and MgH is used to obtain new extensive data sets of accurate rovibronic energy levels with measurement uncertainties and consistent quantum number labelling. These data sets are used to produce new spectroscopic models for CaH and MgH, composed of newly empirically refined potential energy curves and couplings in/between the different electronic states (e.g. spin-orbit, electronic angular momentum, Born-Oppenheimer breakdown, spin-rotation, Λ-doubling), and previously published ab initio transition dipole moment curves. Along with Einstein A coefficients, state lifetimes and Landé g-factors are provided, the latter being particularly useful as CaH and MgH can be used to probe stellar magnetic fields. Computed energy levels have been replaced with the more accurate empirical values (if available) when post-processing the line lists, thus tailoring the line lists to high-resolution applications. The XAB line lists are available from the ExoMol database at www.exomol.com and the CDS astronomical database.
Measuring the mass of the black widow PSR J1555-2908
Authors: Kennedy M R , Breton R P , Clark C J , Mata Sánchez D , Voisin G , Dhillon V S , Halpern J P , Marsh T R , Nieder L , Ray P S , van Kerkwijk M H 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
Accurate measurements of the masses of neutron stars are necessary to test binary evolution models, and to constrain the neutron star equation of state. In pulsar binaries with no measurable post-Keplerian parameters, this requires an accurate estimate of the binary system’s inclination and the radial velocity of the companion star by other means than pulsar timing. In this paper, we present the results of a new method for measuring this radial velocity using the binary synthesis code Icarus. This method relies on constructing a model spectrum of a tidally distorted, irradiated star as viewed for a given binary configuration. This method is applied to optical spectra of the newly discovered black widow PSR J1555–2908. By modeling the optical spectroscopy alongside optical photometry, we find that the radial velocity of the companion star is 397 ± 4 km s−1 (errors quoted at 95 per cent confidence interval), as well as a binary inclination of &gt;75°. Combined with γ-ray pulsation timing information, this gives a neutron star mass of 1.67$^{+0.15}_{-0.09}$ M⊙ and a companion mass of 0.060$^{+0.005}_{-0.003}$ M⊙, placing PSR J1555–2908 at the observed upper limit of what is considered a black widow system.
A multicentre study of clinical features and HLA typing in Japanese patients with ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Tada Kurisu , Dobashi Hiroaki , Taniguchi Yoshinori , Shuto Toshihide , Hagimori Kohei , Hayashi Eri , Inoue Hisashi , Kobayashi Shigeto , Ymaji Ken , Tamura Naoto 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTObjectivesDue to the low prevalence of HLA-B27 and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in Japan, rheumatologists have little experience with AS. We conducted a multicentre study to identify the characteristics and frequency of HLA-B types.MethodsWe analysed epidemiological and clinical data, blood tests, spine radiographs, and HLA-B types in Japanese AS patients.ResultsWe evaluated 111 AS patients, predominantly men (82.9%). The mean age, disease onset, diagnosis, and time from onset to diagnosis were 43.7, 24.2, 36.0, and 11.6 years, respectively. Inflammatory low back pain was found in 96 cases (86.5%); peripheral arthritis in 59 (53.2%), enthesitis in 35 (31.5%), and dactylitis in 6 (5.4%). Extra-articular symptoms included uveitis, psoriasis, and inflammatory bowel disease in 41 (36.9%), 1 (0.9%), and 5 (4.5%) cases, respectively. HLA-B27 was positive in 83 cases (74.8%; odds ratio, 1146.0); and HLA-B48 in 9 (8.1%; odds ratio, 3.0). HLA-B27-positive patients were younger at onset and had a shorter diagnostic delay.ConclusionsAS clinical symptoms were almost the same as other countries except for the low coexistence of psoriasis. HLA-B27 positivity in Japanese patients was 78%. HLA-B27-positive patients were younger and diagnosed earlier. In addition to HLA-B27, a relationship with HLA-B48 was suggested.
Serious and Atypical Presentations of Bartonella henselae Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Bos Feline , Chauveau Bertrand , Ruel Jules , Fontant Gabriel , Campistron Elise , Meunier Camille , Jambon Frédéric , Moreau Karine , Delmas Yahsou , Couzi Lionel , Korbi Skander , Charrier Manon , Viallard Jean-François , Luciani Léa , Merville Pierre , Lazaro Estibaliz , Kaminski Hannah 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This article describes 5 cases of bartonellosis with fever and atypical clinical presentations in kidney transplant recipients: thrombotic microangiopathies, recurrent hemophagocytosis, and immune reconstitution syndrome after treatment. The diagnosis, the pathological lesions, and treatments are described. Bartonellosis must be researched in solid organ transplant recipients with fever of undetermined origin.
Momentum, Reversals, and Investor Clientele
Authors: Chui Andy C W , Subrahmanyam Avanidhar , Titman Sheridan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDifferent share classes on the same firms provide a natural experiment to explore how investor clienteles affect momentum and short-term reversals. Domestic retail investors have a greater presence in Chinese A shares and foreign institutions are relatively more prevalent in B shares. These differences result from currency conversion restrictions and mandated investment quotas. We find that only B shares exhibit momentum and earnings drift and only A shares exhibit monthly reversals. Institutional ownership strengthens momentum in B shares. These patterns accord with a setting where short-term reversals (which represent inventory risk premia) prevail in a market dominated by noise traders and momentum prevails in markets where noise traders are less prevalent relative to informed investors who underreact to fundamental signals. Overall, our findings confirm that clienteles matter in generating stock return predictability from past returns.