bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PPBP gene as a biomarker for coronary heart disease risk in postmenopausal Thai women
Authors: Mansanguan Chayasin , Maneerat Yaowapa 
Published: June 2022

Background
Estrogen is an important ovarian hormone with anti-atherogenic and cardioprotective effects. Postmenopausal women have lower estrogen levels, associated with significantly higher risks of coronary heart disease (CHD) and CHD-related death. Effective biomarkers for the diagnosis, prediction, and treatment of CHD are needed to address this problem and thus reduce the mortality due to CHD in postmenopausal women. We recently reported that the PPBP and DEFA1/DEFA3 genes may be feasible synergistic biomarkers for CHD risk in Thai men with hyperlipidemia. The PPBP gene encodes pro-platelet basic protein (PPBP) from activated platelets, and DEFA1/DEFA3 encodes human neutrophil peptides (HNP) 1–3, mainly produced by activated neutrophils. Both platelets and neutrophils are involved in chronic inflammation during the development of atherogenesis and CHD. This study investigated the potential roles of PPBP and DEFA1/DEFA3 and their proteins as biomarkers for CHD risk in postmenopausal Thai women.

Methods
This cross-sectional study enrolled 90 postmenopausal Thai women, including 12 healthy controls (N), 18 patients with hyperlipidemia (H), and 21 patients diagnosed with CHD. The remaining 39 women were receiving cholesterol-lowering drugs for hyperlipidemia (HD) were excluded from the study. All CHD patients underwent coronary bypass grafting or coronary angioplasty. PPBP and DEFA1/DEFA3 mRNA expression levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from heparinized blood were determined by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Levels of PPBP and HNP-1–3 proteins in corresponding plasma samples were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Differences in parameters were compared among groups and correlations between parameters and clinical manifestations were analyzed.

Results
PPBP mRNA and protein levels were significantly increased in the CHD group compared with the N and H groups. In contrast, DEFA1/DEFA3 mRNA and HNP-1–3 protein levels did not differ significantly among the groups. None of the levels were associated with any of the clinical parameters analyzed in this study.

Conclusion
The results indicate that gene and protein expression levels of PPBP, but not DEFA1/DEFA3, and HNP-1–3, may be feasible biomarkers for assessing CHD risk in postmenopausal Thai women with hyperlipidemia.
Occupational disparities in tumor grade and cytosolic HMGB1 expression in renal cell cancer
Authors: Zaitsu Masayoshi , Takeuchi Takumi , Zaitsu Masaaki , Tonooka Akiko , Uekusa Toshimasa , Miyake Yudai , Kobayashi Yasuki , Kobashi Gen , Kawachi Ichiro 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Objectives
We sought to examine occupational disparities in tumor grade and cytosolic expression of high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) among renal cell cancer (RCC) patients.

Methods
This retrospective study included 318 RCC patients with complete information on occupation and pathology in Kanagawa Cancer Registry (KCR). Longest-held occupations were grouped into manual workers (e.g., manufacturing, construction) versus “others.” Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for high-grade histology were estimated by logistic regression, adjusted for age and sex. We also examined a sub-sample of 74 low-grade RCC inpatients to estimate the OR for positive cytosolic HMGB1 expression in manual workers, adjusting for age, sex, and other available covariates.

Results
High-grade tumors were more prevalent in manual workers compared to other occupations: 23.0% (14/61) versus 10.9% (28/257, p = .01) with an adjusted OR of 2.28 (95% CI, 1.11–4.69). In the sub-sample of low-grade RCCs, positive cytosolic HMGB1 expression was more prevalent in manual workers compared to other occupations: 71.4% (10/14) versus 38.3% (23/60, p = .03) with a sex- and age-adjusted OR of 3.76 (95% CI, 1.03–13.7).

Conclusions
Manual workers are associated with increased risks of high-grade renal cell tumors and cytosolic HMGB1 expression.
Detection of rotational errors in single‐isocenter multiple‐target radiosurgery: Is a routine off‐axis Winston–Lutz test necessary?
Authors: Pudsey Lauren M. M. , Biasi Giordano , Ralston Anna , Rosenfeld Anatoly , Poder Joel 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPurposeRecently the use of linear accelerator (linac)‐based stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has increased, including single‐isocenter multiple‐target SRS. The workload of medical physicists has grown as a result and so has the necessity of maximizing the efficiency of quality assurance (QA). This study aimed to determine if measurement‐based patient‐specific QA with a high‐spatial‐resolution dosimeter is sensitive to rotational errors, potentially reducing the need for routine off‐axis Winston–Lutz (WL) testing.MethodsThe impact of rotational errors along gantry, couch, and collimator axes on dose coverage of the gross tumor volume (GTV) and planning target volume (PTV) was determined with a 1‐mm GTV/PTV expansion margin. Two techniques, the off‐axis WL test using the StereoPHAN MultiMet‐WL Cube (Sun Nuclear Corporation, Melbourne, Florida, USA) and patient‐specific QA using the SRS MapCHECK (Sun Nuclear Corporation, Melbourne, Florida, USA), were assessed on their ability to detect introduced errors before target coverage was compromised. These findings were also considered in the context of routine machine QA of rotational axis calibrations.ResultsRotational errors significantly impacted PTV dose coverage, especially in the couch angle. GTV dose coverage remained unaffected except for with large couch angle errors (≥1.5°). The off‐axis WL test was shown to be sensitive to rotational errors with results consistently exceeding tolerance levels when or before coverage fell below departmentally accepted limits. Although patient‐specific QA using the SRS MapCHECK was previously validated for SRS, this study showed inconsistency in detection of rotational errors.ConclusionsIt is recommended that off‐axis WL testing be conducted regularly to supplement routine monthly machine QA, as it is sensitive to errors that patient‐specific QA may not detect. This frequency should be determined by individual departments, with consideration of GTV–PTV margins used, limitations on target off‐axis distances, and routine mechanical QA results for particular linacs.
SARS‐COV‐2 a trigger of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein‐associated disorder
Authors: Johnsson Magnus , Asztely Fredrik , Hejnebo Susanne , Axelsson Markus , Malmeström Clas , Olausson Torbjörn , Lycke Jan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSARS‐COV‐2 frequently cause neurological disorders and is sometimes associated with onset of autoimmune diseases affecting the nervous system. Over recent years, a rare but distinct diagnosis designated myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein‐associated disorder (MOGAD) has been recognized in patients with attacks of optic neuritis, myelitis, or encephalomyelitis and increased levels of anti‐MOG antibodies. The cause of MOGAD is unknown. However, there have been reports of single cases of MOGAD in patients with Covid‐19 infection. We report a series of SARS‐CoV‐2 positive patients that developed MOGAD, but a homology search did not support a cross‐reactive immune response to SARS‐CoV‐2 spike‐protein and MOG.
The effect of multi‐tasking training on performance, situation awareness, and workload in simulated air traffic control
Authors: Black Stephanie C. , Bender Angela D. , Whitney Susannah J. , Loft Shayne , Visser Troy A. W. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIncreasingly higher demands are being made on the capacity‐limited cognitive capabilities of human operators as they strive to maintain situation awareness (i.e., understanding “what is going on”) and performance in complex tasks. In the current study we asked whether: (a) training administered via a mobile phone‐based app could improve multitasking and (b) improved multitasking in the app would generalize to improved performance and situation awareness in a simulated air traffic control task (ATC). Participants completed the ATC task before and after multiple sessions of app‐based multitasking training or control training. Multitasking on the app improved across training sessions. However, this did not lead to improved performance or situation awareness, or workload reduction, relative to control training on the ATC task. These outcomes indicate that app‐based multitasking training based on repetition of a single training task will not necessarily yield generalizable benefits to human performance in other complex dynamic tasks.
Herb‐Functionalized Chronic Wound Dressings for Enhancing Biological Functions: Multiple Flavonoids Coordination Driven Strategy
Authors: Sun Meng , Peng Shiqiao , Zhao Changli , Huang Juexin , Xia Jingyi , Ye Dan , Dou Xiaoqiu , Hou Wanying , Feng Chuanliang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDeveloping a hydrogel‐based multiple plant flavonoids dressing can synergistically assist chronic wound closure and enable superior solubility and optimal therapeutic efficacy of loading flavonoids. Herein, cooperativity among plant flavonoids to enhance their biological functions is built upon co‐assemblies and chirality transfer. Co‐assemblies of multi‐flavonoids are fabricated through noncovalent interactions between flavonoids with the same skeleton and supramolecular hydrogelators. Chirality transfer from co‐assemblies to poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan is enabled through chain−chain noncovalent interactions, which in turn improves mechanical strength and water absorbing capacity to adapt the changes of wound. Additionally, the optimal hydrogel shows the facilitated healing process due to the matching physicochemical properties and the cooperative therapeutic effects. This study may put forward new insights to design and build a new generation of multiple therapeutic effects of hydrogel dressing to accelerate chronic wound healing by adjusting the assembly process of multiple precursors in a sophisticated cooperative strategy.
High‐Yield of Nucleic Acid Adsorption via Poly(Vinyl Alcohol‐co‐Ethylene) Nanofiber‐Based Anion‐Exchange Chitosan Aerogel Membrane with Controllable Porosity
Authors: Xu Jia , Wang Jing , Wan Yucai , Cheng Pan , Geng Yang , Xia Ming , Zheng Lijia , Tan Yan , Liu Ke , Wang Dong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDue to the fast degradation time and low storage temperature of nucleic acid, a simple, fast, and highly efficient adsorption process is imperious for the extraction of nucleic acid molecules. In this article, a poly(vinyl alcohol‐co‐ethylene) (EVOH) nanofiber‐based and polyethyleneimine (PEI)‐modified chitosan (ENPC) aerogel with high static adsorption capacity of RNA and DNA molecules (812 and 867 mg g−1, respectively) is proved for enormous potential in adsorption capacity for nucleic acid extraction. A relation between adsorption capacity and the physical morphology of ENPC aerogel membrane is demonstrated with the controllable factors such as chemical components, freeze‐drying temperature, pH value of the nucleic acid solution, and membrane density. The mechanism of the anion‐exchange adsorption process of nucleic acid is analyzed and fitted well with the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm (monolayer adsorption). The as‐obtained ENPC aerogel in the form of a membrane with self‐cleaning and flexible properties can be easily tailored and widely utilized in a convenient and efficient extraction process of nucleic acids in both industrial and experimental levels.
Microfluidics: Continuous‐Flow Synthesis of Nanoparticle Dispersions for the Fabrication of Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Fischer Karen , Marlow Philipp , Manger Felix , Sprau Christian , Colsmann Alexander 
Published: June 2022

AbstractState‐of‐the‐art solvents for the fabrication of organic solar cells are mostly toxic or hazardous. First attempts to deposit light‐harvesting layers from aqueous or alcoholic nanoparticle dispersions instead have been successful on laboratory scale, enabling future eco‐friendly production of organic solar cells. In this work, a scalable high‐throughput continuous‐flow microfluidic system is employed to synthesize surfactant‐free organic semiconductor dispersions by nanoprecipitation. By adjusting the differential speed of the syringe pumps, the concentration of the initial solute and the irradiation of the microfluidic chip, the synthesis can be controlled for tailored dispersion concentrations and nanoparticle sizes. The resulting dispersions are highly reproducible, and the semiconductor inks are stable for at least one year. The synthesis of the dispersions is exemplified on a polymer/fullerene combination with large‐scale availability.
E4BP4 Coordinates Circadian Control of Cognition in Delirium
Authors: Chen Min , Zhang Li , Shao Mingting , Du Jianhao , Xiao Yifei , Zhang Fugui , Zhang Tianpeng , Li Yifang , Zhou Qianqian , Liu Kaisheng , Wang Zhigang , Wu Baojian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractImproved understanding of the etiologies of delirium, a common and severe neuropsychiatric syndrome, would facilitate the disease prevention and treatment. Here, the authors invesitgate the role of circadian rhythms in the pathogenesis of delirium. They observe perturbance of circadian rhythms in mouse models of delirium and disrupted clock gene expression in patients with delirium. In turn, physiological and genetic circadian disruptions sensitize mice to delirium with aggravated cognitive impairment. Likewise, global deletion of E4bp4 (E4 promoter‐binding protein), a clock gene markedly altered in delirium conditions, results in exacerbated delirium‐associated cognitive decline. Cognitive decline in delirium models is attributed to microglial activation and impaired long‐term potentiation in the hippocampus. Single‐cell RNA‐sequencing reveals microglia as the regulatory target of E4bp4. E4bp4 restrains microglial activation via inhibiting the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Supporting this, mice lacking in microglial E4bp4 are delirious prone, whereas mice with E4bp4 specifically deleted in hippocampal CA1 neurons have a normal phenotype. Mechanistically, E4bp4 inhibits ERK1/2 signaling by trans‐repressing Mapk1/3 (genes encoding ERK1/2) via direct binding to a D‐box element in the promoter region. These findings define a causal role of clock dysfunction in delirium development and indicate E4bp4 as a regulator of cognition at the crosstalk between circadian clock and delirium.
Small Activating RNA Modulation of the G Protein‐Coupled Receptor for Cancer Treatment
Authors: Xiong Yunfang , Ke Ran , Zhang Qingyu , Lan Wenjun , Yuan Wanjun , Chan Karol Nga Ieng , Roussel Tom , Jiang Yifan , Wu Jing , Liu Shuai , Wong Alice Sze Tsai , Shim Joong Sup , Zhang Xuanjun , Xie Ruiyu , Dusetti Nelson , Iovanna Juan , Habib Nagy , Peng Ling , Lee Leo Tsz On 
Published: June 2022

AbstractG protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the most common and important drug targets. However, >70% of GPCRs are undruggable or difficult to target using conventional chemical agonists/antagonists. Small nucleic acid molecules, which can sequence‐specifically modulate any gene, offer a unique opportunity to effectively expand drug targets, especially those that are undruggable or difficult to address, such as GPCRs. Here, the authors report for the first time that small activating RNAs (saRNAs) effectively modulate a GPCR for cancer treatment. Specifically, saRNAs promoting the expression of Mas receptor (MAS1), a GPCR that counteracts the classical angiotensin II pathway in cancer cell proliferation and migration, are identified. These saRNAs, delivered by an amphiphilic dendrimer vector, enhance MAS1 expression, counteracting the angiotensin II/angiotensin II Receptor Type 1 axis, and leading to significant suppression of tumorigenesis and the inhibition of tumor progression of multiple cancers in tumor‐xenografted mouse models and patient‐derived tumor models. This study provides not only a new strategy for cancer therapy by targeting the renin‐angiotensin system, but also a new avenue to modulate GPCR signaling by RNA activation.
Ultrasound‐Induced Mechanoluminescence and Optical Thermometry Toward Stimulus‐Responsive Materials with Simultaneous Trigger Response and Read‐Out Functions
Authors: Ding Yicong , So Byoungjin , Cao Jiangkun , Wondraczek Lothar 
Published: June 2022

AbstractUltrasound‐induced mechanoluminescence (USML) of Erbium‐doped CaZnOS is reported. Using the fluorescence intensity ratio of the 2H11/2, 4S3/2 → 4I15/2 transitions of Er3+ allows for simultaneous temperature mapping at an absolute sensitivity of 0.003 K−1 in the physiological regime. The combination of USML, local heating, and remote read‐out enables a feedback and response loop for highly controlled stimulation. It is found that ML is a result of direct energy transfer from the host material to Er3+, giving room for adapted spectral characteristics through bandgap modulation. ML saturation at high acoustic power enables independent control of local light emission and ultrasonic heating. Such USML materials may have profound implications for optogenetics, photodynamic therapy and other areas requiring local illumination, heating, and thermometry simultaneously.
Responsive Multivesicular Polymeric Nanovaccines that Codeliver STING Agonists and Neoantigens for Combination Tumor Immunotherapy
Authors: Su Ting , Cheng Furong , Qi Jialong , Zhang Yu , Zhou Shurong , Mei Lei , Fu Shiwei , Zhang Fuwu , Lin Shuibin , Zhu Guizhi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractImmune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has significantly advanced cancer immunotherapy, yet its patient response rates are generally low. Vaccines, including immunostimulant‐adjuvanted peptide antigens, can improve ICB. The emerging neoantigens generated by cancer somatic mutations elicit cancer‐specific immunity for personalized immunotherapy; the novel cyclic dinucleotide (CDN) adjuvants activate stimulator of interferon genes (STING) for antitumor type I interferon (IFN‐I) responses. However, CDN/neoantigen vaccine development has been limited by the poor antigen/adjuvant codelivery. Here, pH‐responsive CDN/neoantigen codelivering nanovaccines (NVs) for ICB combination tumor immunotherapy are reported. pH‐responsive polymers are synthesized to be self‐assembled into multivesicular nanoparticles (NPs) at physiological pH and disassembled at acidic conditions. NPs with high CDN/antigen coloading are selected as NVs for CDN/antigen codelivery to antigen presenting cells (APCs) in immunomodulatory lymph nodes (LNs). In the acidic endosome of APCs, pH‐responsive NVs facilitate the vaccine release and escape into cytosol, where CDNs activate STING for IFN‐I responses and antigens are presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) for T‐cell priming. In mice, NVs elicit potent antigen‐specific CD8+ T‐cell responses with immune memory, and reduce multifaceted tumor immunosuppression. In syngeneic murine tumors, NVs show robust ICB combination therapeutic efficacy. Overall, these CDN/neoantigen‐codelivering NVs hold the potential for ICB combination tumor immunotherapy.
“N‐π‐N” Type Oligomeric Acceptor Achieves an OPV Efficiency of 18.19% with Low Energy Loss and Excellent Stability
Authors: Zhang Lili , Zhang Ziqi , Deng Dan , Zhou Huiqiong , Zhang Jianqi , Wei Zhixiang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA novel “N‐π‐N” type oligomeric acceptor of 2BTP‐2F‐T, constructed by two small non‐fullerene acceptor (NFA) units linked with a thiophene π bridge is reported. The 2BTP‐2F‐T not only combines the advantages of small NFA and polymeric acceptors (PYF‐T‐o) with similar units but also exhibits superior characteristics of high absorption coefficient and high electron moblity(µe)) with less dependence on molecular packing. Using PM6 as the donor, a remarkable efficiency of 18.19% is obtained with an open circuit (Voc) of 0.911 V, short current circuit (Jsc) of 25.50 mA cm−2, and fill factor (FF) of 78.3%, which is much better than that of the corresponding monomer (16.54%) and PYF‐T‐o (15.8%) based devices. The much‐improved efficiency results from two aspects: 1) an enhanced FF due to the largely improved µe and well‐controlled morphology ; 2) a higher value of (Jsc × Voc) due to its higher absorption coefficient and efficient charge generation at a similar low energy loss. Furthermore, the PM6/2BTP‐2F‐T device possesses the longest T80 lifetime to light‐soaking and comparable high thermal stability with PM6/PYF‐T‐o. The results indicate that the “N‐π‐N” type oligomeric acceptor has a great application prospect due to its superior high efficiency and improved stability in organic solar cells.
Surface‐to‐Bulk Synergistic Modification of Single Crystal Cathode Enables Stable Cycling of Sulfide‐Based All‐Solid‐State Batteries at 4.4 V
Authors: Sun Nan , Song Yajie , Liu Qingsong , Zhao Wei , Zhang Fang , Ren Liping , Chen Ming , Zhou Zinan , Xu Zihan , Lou Shuaifeng , Kong Fanpeng , Wang Jian , Tong Yujin , Wang Jiajun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe interfacial stability between sulfide solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) and high voltage Ni‐rich oxide cathodes is critical to the electrochemical performances of all‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs), yet it is challenging to solve the interface issues by surface coating modification. Here, a surface‐to‐bulk synergistic modification is proposed to achieve a highly stable interface through the combination of TiNb2O7‐coated and Ti‐doped LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 single crystals (DC‐TNO@SCNCM). The TiNb2O7 coating layer with thermodynamic/electrochemical stability and electronic insulation avoids the decomposition of SSEs. The strong TiO bond in SCNCM achieved by Ti doping can stabilize lattice oxygen and avoid further electrochemically oxidizing sulfide electrolytes to form oxygenated sulfurous and phosphorous species. The modified DC‐TNO@SCNCM cathode exhibits excellent long‐cycle stability with a capacity retention rate of 92.2% after 140 cycles at a high cut‐off voltage of 4.4 V. This surface‐to‐bulk synergistic modification strategy provides a new perspective for the design of high‐voltage sulfide‐based ASSBs.
An Ion‐Conductive Grafted Polymeric Binder with Practical Loading for Silicon Anode with High Interfacial Stability in Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Zeheng , Wu Gu , Yang Yajun , Wan Zhengwei , Zeng Xiaoming , Yan Lijing , Wu Shuxing , Ling Min , Liang Chengdu , Hui Kwun Nam , Lin Zhan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBinders are required to dissipate huge mechanical stress and enhance the lithium‐ion diffusion kinetics of silicon anodes during cycling. Herein, a stress‐distribution binder with high ionic conductivity (GG‐g‐PAM) is constructed by grating polyacrylamide (PAM) onto ion‐conductive guar gum (GG) backbone. The mechanical stress distribution toward the grafted PAM chain enables the effective stress dissipation of the GG‐g‐PAM binder, and thus maintains a stable electrode‐electrolyte interface during cycling. The stress dissipation ability of the GG‐g‐PAM binder is confirmed by PeakForce atomic force microscopy experiments and finite element simulations. In addition, lithium complexation sites provided by oxygen heteroatoms in GG of the GG‐g‐PAM binder construct the Li‐ion pathways for facilitating Li ionic diffusion in the Si anodes. The good cyclabilities of Ah‐level pouch cells based on Si nanoparticle anodes strongly confirm GG‐g‐PAM as a desirable binder for practical Si anodes.