bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transport receptor occupancy in nuclear pore complex mimics
Authors: Fragasso Alessio , de Vries Hendrik W. , Andersson John , van der Sluis Eli O. , van der Giessen Erik , Onck Patrick R. , Dekker Cees 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNuclear pore complexes (NPCs) regulate all molecular transport between the nucleus and the cytoplasm in eukaryotic cells. Intrinsically disordered Phe-Gly nucleoporins (FG-Nups) line the central conduit of NPCs to impart a selective barrier where large proteins are excluded unless bound to a transport receptor (karyopherin; Kap). Here, we assess “Kap-centric” NPC models, which postulate that Kaps participate in establishing the selective barrier. We combine biomimetic nanopores, formed by tethering Nsp1 to the inner wall of a solid-state nanopore, with coarse-grained modeling to show that yeast Kap95 exhibits two populations in Nsp1-coated pores: one population that is transported across the pore in milliseconds, and a second population that is stably assembled within the FG mesh of the pore. Ionic current measurements show a conductance decrease for increasing Kap concentrations and noise data indicate an increase in rigidity of the FG-mesh. Modeling reveals an accumulation of Kap95 near the pore wall, yielding a conductance decrease. We find that Kaps only mildly affect the conformation of the Nsp1 mesh and that, even at high concentrations, Kaps only bind at most 8% of the FG-motifs in the nanopore, indicating that Kap95 occupancy is limited by steric constraints rather than by depletion of available FG-motifs. Our data provide an alternative explanation of the origin of bimodal NPC binding of Kaps, where a stable population of Kaps binds avidly to the NPC periphery, while fast transport proceeds via a central FG-rich channel through lower affinity interactions between Kaps and the cohesive domains of Nsp1.
Internalization of the Romantic Love Myths as a Risk Factor for Gender Violence: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Jiménez-Picón Nerea , Romero-Martín Macarena , Romero-Castillo Rocío , Palomo-Lara Juan Carlos , Alonso-Ruíz Miriam 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionViolence against women is a global health problem, and gender violence is a multifactorial phenomenon generally attributed to the fact of living in a patriarchal culture setting.MethodsA systematic review and meta-analysis conducted in the following databases: PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, LILACS, MEDES, Web of Science, CUIDEN, ENFISPO, IBECS, Dialnet and Cuidatge. Inclusion criteria: quantitative design, Spanish population, Spanish, English, Portuguese and/or French language, no time restriction and use of the Myths about Love Scale. Data was collected and analysed from July to October 2020. A total of 146 records were identified, of which, after applying the eligibility criteria, 12 studies were included, and 6 met the criteria for the meta-analysis. The descriptive and prevalence analysis was performed by means of StatsDirect. In all the analyses, statistical significance was considered atp < 0.05 and the CIs, at 95%.ResultsThe most accepted myths were those related to love idealization: theeternal passion,marriage,omnipotenceandperfect matchmyths. The least accepted myths were those of thecouple,jealousyandlove-maltreatment link. Men and women accepted the myths in a similar manner, although the former showed more participation injealousyand inlove-maltreatment link.ConclusionsThe study contributes a current perspective about the beliefs regarding the love myths that can be a conditioning factor in love relationships and a risk factor for gender violence. The bet is on preventive education and socialization at all levels, as well as on the deconstruction of the concept of romantic love and its myths to foster healthy and egalitarian relationships.
Differentiation of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis with a hemangioma-like pattern compared to typical liver hemangioma using contrast-enhanced ultrasound: a pilot study
Authors: Philipp Jana , Schmidberger Julian , Schlingeloff Patrycja , Kratzer Wolfgang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPurposeEchinococcus multilocularisinfects humans as a false intermediate host, primarily with intrahepatic manifestation. Incorrect diagnostic interpretation of these liver tumors, especially the hemangioma-like pattern, can lead to progressive disease. The aim of the study was to investigate the differentiation of typical hemangioma and a hemangioma-like pattern ofE. multilocularisusing contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS).MethodsThis prospective clinical pilot study comprised patients with hemangioma (n = 14) and patients with alveolar echinococcosis (AE) and hemangioma-like pattern (n = 7). Inclusion criteria were the detection of a liver lesion according to a hemangioma-like pattern onE. multilocularisUlm classification—ultrasound (EMUC-US) and “confirmed” or “probable” AE according to WHO case definition. The comparison group had hepatic hemangioma with typical B-scan sonographic morphology. All participants underwent conventional and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography.ResultsThe patient group comprised five men (71.4%) and two women (28.6%) with a mean average age of 64.1 ± 11.2 years. The patient group with hemangioma comprised nine female subjects (64.3%) and five male subjects (35.7%) with a mean average age of 56.1 ± 12.0 years. Early arterial bulbous ring enhancement (p < 0.0001) and iris diaphragm phenomenon could only be visualized in the patients with hemangioma (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, the patients with hemangioma exhibited hyperenhancement in the late phase (p = 0.0003). In contrast, the patients exhibited typical early arterial rim enhancement (p < 0.0001) and, in the portal venous and late phase, complete or incomplete non-enhancement (black hole sign;p = 0.0004).ConslusionThe behavior of hemangioma-like AE lesions and typical liver hemangiomas is significantly different on CEUS. AE should be considered as a possible differential diagnosis, especially in high-endemic areas.
Emergency Critical Skills Training for Pre-clinical Physician Assistant Students: Mixed Method Comparison of Training Method
Authors: Moon Mary B. , Darden Alix , Hill Molly , Roberts Megan K. , Varalli-Claypool Bruna , Miller Frederick C. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction
The fast-paced nature of physician assistant (PA) programs warrants an emphasis on high-fidelity, critical care skills training. Generally, manikins or task trainers are used for training and assessing. Soft-preserved cadavers provide a high-fidelity model to teach high-acuity, low-opportunity procedures; however, their effectiveness in PA pre-clinical training is not well understood.

Objective
This study compared procedural competency of task trainer and soft-preserved cadaver trained pre-clinical PA (pcPA) students in completing tube thoracostomy, endotracheal intubation, intraosseous infusion, and needle thoracostomy.

Methods
A randomized controlled study was conducted with pcPA students (n = 48) at a midwestern program. Participants were randomly assigned to cadaver trained (CT), task trainer (TT), or control group (CG). We assessed procedural competency using skill-specific rubrics and performed qualitative analysis of student comments regarding skill-specific procedural preparedness.

Results
Intervention groups surpassed the control group on all skills. The CT students exhibited significantly higher procedural competency compared to TT-trained students in endotracheal intubation (p = 0.0003) and intraosseous infusion (p = 0.0041). Thematic analysis of student comments revealed pre-training students consistently felt unprepared and lacked confidence to perform needle thoracostomy, tube thoracostomy, and endotracheal intubation. Post-training perceptions, CT/TT, focused on preparedness and confidence. The CT group also consistently described the impact of realistic simulation.

Conclusion
High-fidelity training with soft-preserved cadavers may be the most effective way to prepare pcPA students to perform endotracheal intubation and intraosseous infusion. Student perspectives on procedural preparedness highlight the importance of multidimensional, realistic training methods.
On societal response to pandemics: linking past experiences to present events
Authors: Khan Gazala , Parwez Sazzad 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThere is a need for a factual understanding of the historical impact of pandemics in the world. Against this backdrop, this study provides a historical understanding of societal behaviour and responses to pandemics. Inferences are primarily drawn from a literature review from the past and present. The present analysis also reflects the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic in the world and India while providing a novel perspective to understand public health practices in a global context. It suggests the need for a more synchronised health response in pandemics while highlighting the uncertainties and challenges with historical evidence and comparisons to the ongoing pandemic. An emphasis is on learning from historical evidence and ascertaining how these retrospective diagnoses help make arguments about health and illness in our present moment.
What modulates the acquisition of difficult structures in a heritage language? A study on Portuguese in contact with French, German and Italian
Authors: Torregrossa Jacopo , Flores Cristina , Rinke Esther 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSeveral studies on heritage language (HL) acquisition investigate a single linguistic structure, showing how language exposure or cross-linguistic effects affect its acquisition. Here, we consider HL speaking children's mastery of several linguistic structures using a cloze-test. We examine how their language competence is affected by language exposure variables and age. We tested 180 children between the ages of 8 and 16, living in Switzerland and speaking European Portuguese as HL and French, German or Italian as their societal language. The items of the cloze-test cluster around two levels of difficulty, with the items at the second level corresponding to structures that are acquired late in Portuguese monolingual acquisition. Older age and a greater amount of formal instruction in the HL lead to better performance. The role of the amount of formal instruction varies based on the level of difficulty of the target structures. Cross-linguistic influence does not affect the results.
How to find and use validated blood pressure measuring devices
Authors: Picone Dean S. , Padwal Raj , Stergiou George S. , Cohen Jordana B. , McManus Richard J. , Eckert Siegfried , Asayama Kei , Atkins Neil , Rakotz Michael , Lombardi Cintia , Brady Tammy M. , Sharman James E. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractClinically validated, automated arm-cuff blood pressure measuring devices (BPMDs) are recommended for BP measurement. However, most BPMDs available for purchase by consumers globally are not properly validated. This is a problem because non-validated BPMDs are less accurate and precise than validated ones, and therefore if used clinically could lead to misdiagnosis and mismanagement of BP. In response to this problem, several validated device lists have been developed, which can be used by clinicians and consumers to identify devices that have passed clinical validation testing. The purpose of this review is to describe the resources that are available for finding validated BPMDs in different world regions, to identify the differences between validated device lists, and describe current gaps and challenges. How to use validated BPMDs properly is also summarised.
Routes and rates of bacterial dispersal impact surface soil microbiome composition and functioning
Authors: Walters Kendra E , Capocchi Joia K , Albright Michaeline B N , Hao Zhao , Brodie Eoin L , Martiny Jennifer B H 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that, similar to larger organisms, dispersal is a key driver of microbiome assembly; however, our understanding of the rates and taxonomic composition of microbial dispersal in natural environments is limited. Here, we characterized the rate and composition of bacteria dispersing into surface soil via three dispersal routes (from the air above the vegetation, from nearby vegetation and leaf litter near the soil surface, and from the bulk soil and litter below the top layer). We then quantified the impact of those routes on microbial community composition and functioning in the topmost litter layer. The bacterial dispersal rate onto the surface layer was low (7900 cells/cm2/day) relative to the abundance of the resident community. While bacteria dispersed through all three routes at the same rate, only dispersal from above and near the soil surface impacted microbiome composition, suggesting that the composition, not rate, of dispersal influenced community assembly. Dispersal also impacted microbiome functioning. When exposed to dispersal, leaf litter decomposed faster than when dispersal was excluded, although neither decomposition rate nor litter chemistry differed by route. Overall, we conclude that the dispersal routes transport distinct bacterial communities that differentially influence the composition of the surface soil microbiome.
T cell cholesterol efflux suppresses apoptosis and senescence and increases atherosclerosis in middle aged mice
Authors: Bazioti Venetia , La Rose Anouk M. , Maassen Sjors , Bianchi Frans , de Boer Rinse , Halmos Benedek , Dabral Deepti , Guilbaud Emma , Flohr-Svendsen Arthur , Groenen Anouk G. , Marmolejo-Garza Alejandro , Koster Mirjam H. , Kloosterhuis Niels J. , Havinga Rick , Pranger Alle T. , Langelaar-Makkinje Miriam , de Bruin Alain , van de Sluis Bart , Kohan Alison B. , Yvan-Charvet Laurent , van den Bogaart Geert , Westerterp Marit 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAtherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease driven by hypercholesterolemia. During aging, T cells accumulate cholesterol, potentially affecting inflammation. However, the effect of cholesterol efflux pathways mediated by ATP-binding cassette A1 and G1 (ABCA1/ABCG1) on T cell-dependent age-related inflammation and atherosclerosis remains poorly understood. In this study, we generate mice with T cell-specificAbca1/Abcg1-deficiency on the low-density-lipoprotein-receptor deficient (Ldlr−/−) background. T cellAbca1/Abcg1-deficiency decreases blood, lymph node, and splenic T cells, and increases T cell activation and apoptosis. T cellAbca1/Abcg1-deficiency induces a premature T cell aging phenotype in middle-aged (12–13 months)Ldlr−/−mice, reflected by upregulation of senescence markers. Despite T cell senescence and enhanced T cell activation, T cellAbca1/Abcg1-deficiency decreases atherosclerosis and aortic inflammation in middle-agedLdlr−/−mice, accompanied by decreased T cells in atherosclerotic plaques. We attribute these effects to T cell apoptosis downstream of T cell activation, compromising T cell functionality. Collectively, we show that T cell cholesterol efflux pathways suppress T cell apoptosis and senescence, and induce atherosclerosis in middle-agedLdlr−/−mice.
Traps and transport resistance are the next frontiers for stable non-fullerene acceptor solar cells
Authors: Wöpke Christopher , Göhler Clemens , Saladina Maria , Du Xiaoyan , Nian Li , Greve Christopher , Zhu Chenhui , Yallum Kaila M. , Hofstetter Yvonne J. , Becker-Koch David , Li Ning , Heumüller Thomas , Milekhin Ilya , Zahn Dietrich R. T. , Brabec Christoph J. , Banerji Natalie , Vaynzof Yana , Herzig Eva M. , MacKenzie Roderick C. I. , Deibel Carsten 
Published: July 2022

AbstractStability is one of the most important challenges facing material research for organic solar cells (OSC) on their path to further commercialization. In the high-performance material system PM6:Y6 studied here, we investigate degradation mechanisms of inverted photovoltaic devices. We have identified two distinct degradation pathways: one requires the presence of both illumination and oxygen and features a short-circuit current reduction, the other one is induced thermally and marked by severe losses of open-circuit voltage and fill factor. We focus our investigation on the thermally accelerated degradation. Our findings show that bulk material properties and interfaces remain remarkably stable, however, aging-induced defect state formation in the active layer remains the primary cause of thermal degradation. The increased trap density leads to higher non-radiative recombination, which limits the open-circuit voltage and lowers the charge carrier mobility in the photoactive layer. Furthermore, we find the trap-induced transport resistance to be the major reason for the drop in fill factor. Our results suggest that device lifetimes could be significantly increased by marginally suppressing trap formation, leading to a bright future for OSC.
Microbiota mediated plasticity promotes thermal adaptation in the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis
Authors: Baldassarre Laura , Ying Hua , Reitzel Adam M. , Franzenburg Sören , Fraune Sebastian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAt the current rate of climate change, it is unlikely that multicellular organisms will be able to adapt to changing environmental conditions through genetic recombination and natural selection alone. Thus, it is critical to understand alternative mechanisms that allow organisms to cope with rapid environmental changes. Here, we use the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis, which has evolved the capability of surviving in a wide range of temperatures and salinities, as a model to investigate the microbiota as a source of rapid adaptation. We long-term acclimate polyps of Nematostella to low, medium, and high temperatures, to test the impact of microbiota-mediated plasticity on animal acclimation. Using the same animal clonal line, propagated from a single polyp, allows us to eliminate the effects of the host genotype. The higher thermal tolerance of animals acclimated to high temperature can be transferred to non-acclimated animals through microbiota transplantation. The offspring fitness is highest from F0 females acclimated to high temperature and specific members of the acclimated microbiota are transmitted to the next generation. These results indicate that microbiota plasticity can contribute to animal thermal acclimation and its transmission to the next generation may represent a rapid mechanism for thermal adaptation.
Dopamine encodes real-time reward availability and transitions between reward availability states on different timescales
Authors: Kalmbach Abigail , Winiger Vanessa , Jeong Nuri , Asok Arun , Gallistel Charles R. , Balsam Peter D. , Simpson Eleanor H. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOptimal behavior requires interpreting environmental cues that indicate when to perform actions. Dopamine is important for learning about reward-predicting events, but its role in adapting to inhibitory cues is unclear. Here we show that when mice can earn rewards in the absence but not presence of an auditory cue, dopamine level in the ventral striatum accurately reflects reward availability in real-time over a sustained period (80 s). In addition, unpredictable transitions between different states of reward availability are accompanied by rapid (~1–2 s) dopamine transients that deflect negatively at the onset and positively at the offset of the cue. This Dopamine encoding of reward availability and transitions between reward availability states is not dependent on reward or activity evoked dopamine release, appears before mice learn the task and is sensitive to motivational state. Our findings are consistent across different techniques including electrochemical recordings and fiber photometry with genetically encoded optical sensors for calcium and dopamine.
RuO2 electronic structure and lattice strain dual engineering for enhanced acidic oxygen evolution reaction performance
Authors: Qin Yin , Yu Tingting , Deng Sihao , Zhou Xiao-Ye , Lin Dongmei , Zhang Qian , Jin Zeyu , Zhang Danfeng , He Yan-Bing , Qiu Hua-Jun , He Lunhua , Kang Feiyu , Li Kaikai , Zhang Tong-Yi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDeveloping highly active and durable electrocatalysts for acidic oxygen evolution reaction remains a great challenge due to the sluggish kinetics of the four-electron transfer reaction and severe catalyst dissolution. Here we report an electrochemical lithium intercalation method to improve both the activity and stability of RuO2 for acidic oxygen evolution reaction. The lithium intercalates into the lattice interstices of RuO2, donates electrons and distorts the local structure. Therefore, the Ru valence state is lowered with formation of stable Li-O-Ru local structure, and the Ru–O covalency is weakened, which suppresses the dissolution of Ru, resulting in greatly enhanced durability. Meanwhile, the inherent lattice strain results in the surface structural distortion of LixRuO2 and activates the dangling O atom near the Ru active site as a proton acceptor, which stabilizes the OOH* and dramatically enhances the activity. This work provides an effective strategy to develop highly efficient catalyst towards water splitting.
A comprehensive resource for Bordetella genomic epidemiology and biodiversity studies
Authors: Bridel Sébastien , Bouchez Valérie , Brancotte Bryan , Hauck Sofia , Armatys Nathalie , Landier Annie , Mühle Estelle , Guillot Sophie , Toubiana Julie , Maiden Martin C. J. , Jolley Keith A. , Brisse Sylvain 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe genus Bordetella includes bacteria that are found in the environment and/or associated with humans and other animals. A few closely related species, including Bordetella pertussis, are human pathogens that cause diseases such as whooping cough. Here, we present a large database of Bordetella isolates and genomes and develop genotyping systems for the genus and for the B. pertussis clade. To generate the database, we merge previously existing databases from Oxford University and Institut Pasteur, import genomes from public repositories, and add 83 newly sequenced B. bronchiseptica genomes. The public database currently includes 2582 Bordetella isolates and their provenance data, and 2085 genomes (https://bigsdb.pasteur.fr/bordetella/). We use core-genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) to develop genotyping systems for the whole genus and for B. pertussis, as well as specific schemes to define antigenic, virulence and macrolide resistance profiles. Phylogenetic analyses allow us to redefine evolutionary relationships among known Bordetella species, and to propose potential new species. Our database provides an expandable resource for genotyping of environmental and clinical Bordetella isolates, thus facilitating evolutionary and epidemiological research on whooping cough and other Bordetella infections.
A natural uORF variant confers phosphorus acquisition diversity in soybean
Authors: Guo Zilong , Cao Hongrui , Zhao Jing , Bai Shuang , Peng Wenting , Li Jian , Sun Lili , Chen Liyu , Lin Zhihao , Shi Chen , Yang Qing , Yang Yongqing , Wang Xiurong , Tian Jiang , Chen Zhichang , Liao Hong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPhosphorus (P) is an essential element for all organisms. Because P fertilizers are a non-renewable resource and high fixation in soils, sustainable agriculture requires researchers to improve crop P acquisition efficiency. Here, we report a strong association signal at a locus ofCPU1(component of phosphorus uptake 1), from a genome-wide association study of P acquisition efficiency in a soybean core collection grown in the field. A SEC12-like gene,GmPHF1, is identified as the causal gene forCPU1. GmPHF1 facilitates the ER (endoplasmic reticulum) exit of the phosphate transporter, GmPT4, to the plasma membrane of root epidermal cells. A common SNP in an upstream open reading frame (uORF) ofGmPHF1, which alters the abundance of GmPHF1 in a tissue-specific manner, contributes to P acquisition diversity in soybean. A natural genetic variation conditions diversity in soybean P acquisition, which can be used to develop P-efficient soybean genotypes.