bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicted and actual 2-year structural and pain progression in the IMI-APPROACH knee osteoarthritis cohort
Authors: van Helvoort Eefje M , Jansen Mylène P , Marijnissen Anne C A , Kloppenburg Margreet , Blanco Francisco J , Haugen Ida K , Berenbaum Francis , Bay-Jensen Anne-Christine C , Ladel Christoph , Lalande Agnes , Larkin Jonathan , Loughlin John , Mobasheri Ali , Weinans Harrie H , Widera Pawel , Bacardit Jaume , Welsing Paco M J , Lafeber Floris P J G 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The IMI-APPROACH knee osteoarthritis study used machine learning (ML) to predict structural and/or pain progression, expressed by a structural (S) and pain (P) predicted-progression score, to select patients from existing cohorts. This study evaluates the actual 2-year progression within the IMI-APPROACH, in relation to the predicted-progression scores.

Methods
Actual structural progression was measured using minimum joint space width (minJSW). Actual pain (progression) was evaluated using the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcomes Score (KOOS) pain questionnaire. Progression was presented as actual change (Δ) after 2 years, and as progression over 2 years based on a per patient fitted regression line using 0, 0.5, 1 and 2-year values. Differences in predicted-progression scores between actual progressors and non-progressors were evaluated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed and corresponding area under the curve (AUC) reported. Using Youden’s index, optimal cut-offs were chosen to enable evaluation of both predicted-progression scores to identify actual progressors.

Results
Actual structural progressors were initially assigned higher S predicted-progression scores compared with structural non-progressors. Likewise, actual pain progressors were assigned higher P predicted-progression scores compared with pain non-progressors. The AUC-ROC for the S predicted-progression score to identify actual structural progressors was poor (0.612 and 0.599 for Δ and regression minJSW, respectively). The AUC-ROC for the P predicted-progression score to identify actual pain progressors were good (0.817 and 0.830 for Δ and regression KOOS pain, respectively).

Conclusion
The S and P predicted-progression scores as provided by the ML models developed and used for the selection of IMI-APPROACH patients were to some degree able to distinguish between actual progressors and non-progressors.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, https://clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03883568.
Striatal mechanism of the restless legs syndrome
Authors: Lai Yuan-Yang , Hsieh Kung-Chiao , Chew Keng-Tee , Nguyen Darian , Siegel Jerome M 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Study Objectives
Brain iron deficiency has been reported to be associated with the restless legs syndrome (RLS). However, 30%–50% of RLS patients do not respond to iron therapy, indicating that mechanisms other than brain iron deficiency may also participate in this disease. The striatum is known to be involved in the modulation of motor activity. We speculated that dysfunction of the striatum may induce RLS.

Methods
Two groups, wild-type (WT) and iron-deficient (ID) rats were used. Each group was divided into two subgroups, control and N-methyl-d-aspartate striatal-lesioned. After baseline recording, striatal-lesioned wild-type (WT-STL) and striatal-lesioned iron-deficient (ID-STL) rats were given pramipexole and thioperamide injections. Iron-deficient and ID-STL rats were then given a standard rodent diet for 4 weeks, and their sleep and motor activity were recorded.

Results
WT-STL rats showed periodic leg movements (PLM) in wake, an increase in PLM in slow wave sleep (SWS), a decrease in rapid-eye-movement sleep, and a decrease in the daily average duration of episodes in SWS. The sleep–wake pattern and motor activity did not differ between ID and ID-STL rats. Thioperamide or pramipexole injection decreased PLM in sleep and in wake in WT-STL rats and ID-STL rats. Unlike ID rats, whose motor hyperactivity can be reversed by iron replacement, PLM in wake and in sleep in ID-STL rats were not fully corrected by iron treatment.

Conclusions
Lesions of the striatum generate RLS-like activity in rats. Dysfunction of the striatum may be responsible for failure to respond to iron treatment in some human RLS patients.
The Anterior Eye Chamber as a Visible Medium for In Vivo Tumorigenicity Tests
Authors: Inagaki Emi , Arai Eri , Hatou Shin , Sayano Tomoko , Taniguchi Hiroko , Negishi Kazuno , Kanai Yae , Sato Yasunori , Okano Hideyuki , Tsubota Kazuo , Shimmura Shigeto 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Pluripotent stem cell (PSC)-based cell therapies have increased steadily over the past few years, and assessing the risk of tumor formation is a high priority for clinical studies. Current in vivo tumorigenesis studies require several months and depend strongly on the site of grafting. In this study, we report that the anterior eye chamber is preferable to the subcutaneous space for in vivo tumorigenesis studies for several reasons. First, cells can easily be transplanted into the anterior chamber and monitored in real-time without sacrificing the animals due to the transparency of the cornea. Second, tumor formation is faster than with the conventional subcutaneous method. The median tumor formation time in the subcutaneous area was 18.50 weeks (95% CI 10.20-26.29), vs. 4.0 weeks (95% CI 3.34-.67) in the anterior chamber (P = .0089). When hiPSCs were spiked with fibroblasts, the log10TPD50 was 3.26, compared with 4.99 when hiPSCs were transplanted without fibroblasts. There was more than a 40-fold difference in the log10TPD50 values with fibroblasts. Furthermore, the log10TPD50 for HeLa cells was 1.45 and 100% of animals formed tumors at a concentration greater than 0.1%, indicating that the anterior chamber tumorigenesis assays can be applied for cancer cell lines as well. Thus, our method has the potential to become a powerful tool in all areas of tumorigenesis studies and cancer research.
Predictors of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in 625 Neonates with Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Tao Yue , Han Xiao , Guo Wan-Liang 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective
This study was designed to investigate the predictors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in neonates with respiratory distress syndrome.

Methods
This was a single-center retrospective cohort study conducted between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2020. A total of 625 neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) were enrolled. Demographic data, clinical presentations, complications and related treatment information were collected and analyzed. We used bivariate and multivariate logistic-regression analyses to determine significant predictors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in RDS neonates.

Results
In these 625 neonates, 102 (16.3%) of them developed BPD. Bivariate analysis and multivariate logistic-regression analyses revealed that birthweight, gestational age under 32 weeks, duration of oxygen therapy over 10 days, asphyxia, patent ductus arteriosus, transfusion of red blood cells (packed red blood cells) and surfactant use were significantly associated with the development of BPD.

Conclusion
Birthweight, gestational age &lt;32 weeks, total duration of oxygen therapy &gt;10 days, asphyxia, patent ductus arteriosus, need for red blood cell infusion, and the use of pulmonary surfactant were important predictors of BPD in neonates with RDS.
Paediatric Osteomyelitis and Septic Arthritis Pathogen Distribution and Antimicrobial Resistance in a Single Centre: A 15-Year Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Zhang Tianjiu , Yu Song , Lv Xin , Gan Yongqiao , Luo Yu , Li Tangjiang 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
The epidemiological characteristics of the common pathogens underlying acute haematogenous osteoarticular infection (AHOI) and their resistance to drugs have temporal and regional differences.

Aims
To determine the antimicrobial treatment most effective for culture-negative AHOI patients and those without bacterial cultures.

Methods
Retrospective analysis of clinical data of children with AHOI who were culture positive from January 2007 to December 2021. And the distribution of the main pathogens and the drug resistance Staphylococcus aureus were analysed in different time periods, age groups and infection types.

Results
A total of 188 cases met the inclusion criteria, including 97 cases of acute haematogenous osteomyelitis (AHO), 75 cases of septic arthritis (SA) and 16 cases of AHO concomitant with SA. The commonest causative pathogen in local children was S. aureus of Gram-positive cocci, followed by Streptococcus, and occasionally Gram-negative bacilli. The distribution of S. aureus had no significant correlation with age or infection type. Staphylococcus aureus accounted for 81.82%, 90.91% and 96.15% of all pathogens, and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) accounted for 24.22%, 53.33% and 76.00% of S. aureus in 2007–11, 2012–16 and 2017–21, respectively. The frequency of MRSA infection showed an increasing trend over time.

Conclusion
Staphylococcus aureus is still the main pathogen of AHOI in local children. The proportion of MRSA in S. aureus has also increased over time to 76% in the last 5 years, and the increased proportion of MRSA can affect the choice of initial empirical medication.
Disease Inhibiting Effect of Strain Bacillus subtilis EG21 and Its Metabolites Against Potato Pathogens Phytophthora infestans and Rhizoctonia solani
Authors: Alfiky Alsayed , L'Haridon Floriane , Abou-Mansour Eliane , Weisskopf Laure 
Published: May 2022

Potato production worldwide is plagued by several disease-causing pathogens that result in crop and economic losses estimated to billions of dollars each year. To this day, synthetic chemical applications remain the most widespread control strategy despite their negative effects on human and environmental health. Therefore, obtainment of superior biocontrol agents or their naturally produced metabolites to replace fungicides or to be integrated into practical pest management strategies has become one of the main targets in modern agriculture. Our main focus in the present study was to elucidate the antagonistic potential of a new strain identified as Bacillus subtilis EG21 against potato pathogens Phytophthora infestans and Rhizoctonia solani using several in vitro screening assays. Microscopic examination of the interaction between EG21 and R. solani showed extended damage in fungal mycelium, while EG21 metabolites displayed strong anti-oomycete and zoosporecidal effect on P. infestans. Mass spectrometry (MS) analysis revealed that EG21 produced antifungal and anti-oomycete cyclic lipopeptides surfactins (C12 to C19). Further characterization of EG21 confirmed its ability to produce siderophores and the extracellular lytic enzymes cellulase, pectinase and chitinase. The antifungal activity of EG21 cell-free culture filtrate (CF) was found to be stable at high-temperature/pressure treatment and extreme pH values and was not affected by proteinase K treatment. Disease-inhibiting effect of EG21 CF against P. infestans and R. solani infection was confirmed using potato leaves and tubers, respectively. Biotechnological applications of using microbial agents and their bioproducts for crop protection hold great promise to develop into effective, environment-friendly and sustainable biocontrol strategies. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of the HIF1A Gene are Associated With Sensitivity of Glucocorticoid Treatment in Pediatric ITP Patients
Authors: Gu Hao , Xie Xingjuan , Ma Jingyao , Fu Lingling , Ma Jie , Wu Runhui , Chen Zhenping 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) plays a crucial role in both innate and adaptive immunity. Emerging evidence indicates that HIF-1α is associated with the inflammation and pathologic activities of autoimmune diseases, suggesting that HIF1α may be involved in immune dysregulation in patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the HIF1A gene are associated with susceptibility to ITP and its clinical prognosis including incidence of chronic ITP and glucocorticoid sensitivity.

Materials and Methods:
This study involved 197 Chinese ITP pediatric patients (discovery cohort) and 220 healthy controls. The Sequenom MassArray system (Sequenom, San Diego, CA) was used to detect 3 SNPs genotypes in the HIF1A gene: rs11549465, rs1957757, and rs2057482. We also used another ITP cohort (N=127) to validate the significant results of SNPs found in the discovery cohort.

Results:
The frequencies of the three SNPs did not show any significant differences between the ITP and healthy control groups. The CT genotype at rs11549465 was significantly higher in ITP patients sensitive to glucocorticoid treatment than in those insensitive to glucocorticoid treatment (P=0.025). These results were validated using another ITP cohort (N=127, P=0.033). Moreover, the CC genotype was a risk factor for insensitive to GT the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) was 5.96 (5.23-6.69) in standard prednisone (P=0.0069) and 6.35 (5.33-7.37) in high-dose dexamethasone (P=0.04).

Conclusions:
Although HIF1A gene polymorphisms were not associated with susceptibility to ITP, the CT genotype at rs11549465 was associated with the sensitivity to glucocorticoid treatment of ITP patients, suggesting that the rs11549465 SNP may contribute to the sensitivity of glucocorticoid treatment in pediatric ITP patients.
Conditioned pain modulation is associated with heightened connectivity between the periaqueductal grey and cortical regions
Authors: Harrison Richard , Gandhi Wiebke , van Reekum Carien M. , Salomons Tim V. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
Conditioned pain modulation (CPM) is a psychophysical assessment used to estimate the efficiency of an individual's endogenous modulatory mechanisms. Conditioned pain modulation has been used as a predictive assessment for the development of chronic pain and responses to pain interventions. Although much is known about the spinal cord mechanisms associated with descending pain modulation, less is known about the contribution of supraspinal and especially cortical regions.

Objectives:
We aimed to explore how whole-brain connectivity of a core modulatory region, the periaqueductal grey (PAG), is associated with conditioned pain modulation, and endogenous pain modulation more broadly.

Methods:
We measured CPM and resting-state connectivity of 35 healthy volunteers, absent of chronic pain diagnoses. As a region of interest, we targeted the PAG, which is directly involved in endogenous modulation of input to the spinal cord and is a key node within the descending pain modulation network.

Results:
We found that CPM was associated with heightened connectivity between the PAG and key regions associated with pain processing and inhibition, such as the primary and secondary somatosensory cortices, as well as the motor, premotor, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices. These findings are consistent with connectivity findings in other resting-state and event-related fMRI studies.

Conclusion:
These findings indicate that individuals who are efficient modulators have greater functional connectivity between the PAG and regions involved in processing pain. The heightened connectivity of these regions may contribute to the beneficial outcomes in clinical pain management, as quantified by CPM. These results may function as brain-based biomarkers for vulnerability or resilience to pain.
Montelukast, an Antagonist of Cysteinyl Leukotriene Signaling, Impairs Burn Wound Healing
Authors: Nguyen Alan V. , Bagood Michelle D. , Wang Marilyn , Caryotakis Sofia E. , Smith Glendalyn , Yee Shannon , Shen Haitao , Isseroff R. Rivkah , Soulika Athena M. 
Published: May 2022

Background:Burns are severe injuries often associated with impaired wound healing. Impaired healing is caused by multiple factors, including dysregulated inflammatory responses at the wound site. Interestingly, montelukast, an antagonist for cysteinyl leukotrienes and U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved for treatment of asthma and allergy, was previously shown to enhance healing in excision wounds and to modulate local inflammation.Methods:In this study, the authors examined the effect of montelukast on wound healing in a mouse model of scald burn injury. Burn wound tissues isolated from montelukast- and vehicle-treated mice at various times after burn injury were analyzed for wound areas (n= 34 to 36), reepithelialization (n= 14), inflammation (n= 8 to 9), and immune cell infiltration (n= 3 to 6) and proliferation (n= 7 to 8).Results:In contrast to previously described beneficial effects in excision wounds, this study shows that montelukast delays burn wound healing by impairing the proliferation of keratinocytes and endothelial cells. This occurs largely independently of inflammatory responses at the wound site, suggesting that montelukast impairs specifically the proliferative phase of wound healing in burns. Wound healing rates in mice in which leukotrienes are not produced were not affected by montelukast.Conclusion:Montelukast delays wound healing mainly by reducing the proliferation of local cells after burn injury.Clinical Relevance Statement:Although additional and clinical studies are necessary, our study suggests that burn patients who are on montelukast may exhibit delayed healing, necessitating extra observation.
Outcomes of Carpal Tunnel Release in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome/Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy/Sudeck Disease Patients
Authors: del Piñal Francisco 
Published: May 2022

Background:
The clinical features of classic carpal tunnel syndrome are well known. However, some patients who display atypical symptoms and signs of pain and dysesthesias in the hand, worsening of symptoms at night, and above all, inability to make a full fist, respond equally well to carpal tunnel release. This same clinical picture was shared by some patients labeled as having complex regional pain syndrome. Because of the poor outcome of complex regional pain syndrome patients with current regimens, the authors tested the hypothesis that carpal tunnel release could be effective on them. The purpose of this article is to report the outcome of carpal tunnel release in complex regional pain syndrome patients who presented the above signs and symptoms.

Methods:
Fifty-three patients with an average age of 55 years presenting the above cluster of symptoms were operated on. All were unilateral cases, had sustained trauma, and were treated for complex regional pain syndrome before referral for an average of 16 months. All patients underwent carpal tunnel release.

Results:
At a minimum of 6 months’ follow-up, pain dropped 7.5 points on a numerical rating scale of 0 to 10 (p < 0.001). Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand scoring fell from 82 to 17 (p < 0.001). Six patients had an unsatisfactory result.

Conclusions:
Some patients with complex regional pain syndrome may respond successfully to a carpal tunnel release operation. Recognition of this possibility is crucial, as the symptoms and signs might lead the clinician away from the proper diagnosis and treatment.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, IV.
An analytical model for stator yokeless radial flux dual rotor permanent magnet synchronous machine
Authors: Yang Minglei , Zhong Zaimin , Wang Qinglong , Shao Zhongshu 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to propose an analytical model with consideration of the permeability of soft-magnetic materials, which can predict the magnetic field distribution more accurately and facilitate the initial design and parameter optimization of the machine.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper proposes an analytical model of stator yokeless radial flux dual rotor permanent magnet synchronous machine (SYRFDR-PMSM) with the consideration of magnetic saturation of soft-magnetic material. The analytical model of SYRFDR-PMSM is divided into seven regions along the radial direction according to the different excitation source and magnetic medium, and the iron permeability in each region is considered based on the Maxwell–Fourier method and Cauchy’s product theorem. The magnetic vector potential of each region is obtained by the Laplace’s or Poisson’s equation, and the magnetic field solution is determined using the boundary conditions of adjacent regions.

Findings
The inner and outer air-gap flux density, flux linkage, output torque, etc., of SYRFDR-PMSM are predicted by analytical model, resulting in good agreement with that of finite element model. Additionally, the SYRFDR-PMSM prototype is manufactured and the correctness of analytical model is further verified by experiments on no-load back electromotive force and current–torque curve. Reasonable design of the slot opening width and pole arc coefficient can improve the average output torque and reduce output torque ripple.

Research limitations/implications
The analytical model proposed in this paper assumes that the permeability of soft-magnetic material is a fixed value. However, the actual iron’s permeability varies nonlinearly; thus, the prediction results of the analytical model will have some deviations from the actual machine.

Originality/value
The main contribution of this paper is to propose an accurate magnetic field analytical model of SYRFDR-PMSM. It takes into account the permeability of soft-magnetic material and slot opening, which can quickly and accurately predict the electromagnetic performance of SYRFDR-PMSM. It can provide assistance for the initial design and optimization of SYRFDR-PMSM.
Conceptual framework of strategic leadership and organizational resilience for the hospitality and tourism industry for coping with environmental uncertainty
Authors: Ho Grace K.S. , Lam Carmen , Law Rob 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to develop a holistic resilience framework and its contributing factors for organizations in the hospitality and tourism industry for coping with uncertain environments, such as those brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachThis conceptual paper is based on a broad review of the literature on organizational resilience and strategic leadership. A conceptual framework is developed and discussed.FindingsThis study develops a holistic “strategic leadership-enhanced organizational resilience framework” that addresses the actions and mindsets required by hospitality and tourism organizations to attain organizational resilience and health.Research limitations/implicationsThis study fills the research gap in corporate resilience frameworks for hospitality and tourism. This study has practical implications for the industry by suggesting specific actions that companies can take to enhance their organizational health and resiliency under environmental uncertainty.Originality/valuePrevious studies suggested only partial strategic resilience responses. This study constructs a holistic “strategic leadership-enhanced organizational resilience framework” in the hospitality and tourism context.