bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduced phosphatidylcholine synthesis suppresses the embryonic lethality of seipin deficiency
Authors: Zhu Jinglin , Lam Sin Man , Yang Leilei , Liang Jingjing , Ding Mei , Shui Guanghou , Huang Xun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSeipin plays a vital role in lipid droplet homeostasis, and its deficiency causes congenital generalized lipodystrophy type II in humans. It is not known whether the physiological defects are all caused by cellular lipid droplet defects. Loss-of-function mutation of seip-1, the Caenorhabditis elegans seipin ortholog, causes embryonic lethality and lipid droplet abnormality. We uncover nhr-114 and spin-4 as two suppressors of seip-1 embryonic lethality. Mechanistically, nhr-114 and spin-4 act in the “B12-one-carbon cycle-phosphatidylcholine (PC)” axis, and reducing PC synthesis suppresses the embryonic lethality of seip-1 mutants. Conversely, PC deficiency enhances the lipid droplet abnormality of seip-1 mutants. The suppression of seip-1 embryonic lethality by PC reduction requires polyunsaturated fatty acid. In addition, the suppression is enhanced by the knockdown of phospholipid scramblase epg-3. Therefore, seipin and PC exhibit opposite actions in embryogenesis, while they function similarly in lipid droplet homeostasis. Our results demonstrate that seipin-mediated embryogenesis is independent of lipid droplet homeostasis.
Lysosome-targeted cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes: JMJD inhibition, dual induction of apoptosis, and autophagy
Authors: Lu Jun-Jian , Ma Xiu-Rong , Xie Kai , Chen Mei-Ru , Huang Bo , Li Rong-Tao , Ye Rui-Rong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A series of cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes with the formula [Ir(C^N)2 L](PF6) (C^N = 2-phenylpyridine (ppy, in Ir-1), 2-(2-thienyl)pyridine (thpy, in Ir-2), 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)pyridine (dfppy, in Ir-3), L = 2-(1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthrolin-2-yl)quinolin-8-ol) were designed and synthesized, which utilize 8-hydroxyquinoline derivative as N^N ligands to chelate the cofactor Fe2+ of the Jumonji domain-containing protein (JMJD) histone demethylase. As expected, the results of UV/Vis titration analysis confirm the chelating capabilities of Ir-1–3 for Fe2+, and molecular docking studies also show that Ir-1–3 can interact with the active pocket of JMJD protein, and treatment of cells with Ir-1–3 results in significant upregulation of trimethylated histone 3 lysine 9 (H3K9Me3), indicating the inhibition of JMJD activity. Meanwhile, Ir-1–3 exhibit much higher cytotoxicity against the tested tumor cell lines compared with the clinical chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin. And Ir-1–3 can block the cell cycle at the G2/M phase and inhibit cell migration and colony formation. Further studies show that Ir-1–3 can specifically accumulate in lysosomes, damage the integrity of lysosomes, and induce apoptosis and autophagy. Reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential and elevation of reactive oxygen species also contribute to the antitumor effects of Ir-1–3. Finally, Ir-1 can inhibit tumor growth effectively in vivo and increase the expression of H3K9Me3 in tumor tissues. Our study demonstrates that these iridium(III) complexes are promising anticancer agents with multiple functions, including the inhibition of JMJD and induction of apoptosis and autophagy.
“The Coming In of the Southern Freedman’s Sons and Daughters”
Authors: Loughran Kevin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter considers the urban-sociological approach of W. E. B. Du Bois. It describes the motivating concerns of both Du Bois’s urban research—highlighted by the publication of The Philadelphia Negro in 1899—and that of his White contemporaries, especially those of the Chicago School of Sociology. The chapter contrasts the Chicago School’s dominant view of race and segregated urban space as “natural” with Du Bois’s insurgent perspective that race was socially constructed and that racism was forcefully shaping the material conditions of American cities at the turn of the twentieth century. Implications for a contemporary Du Boisian urban sociology are also discussed.
South Slavic Epic and the Philology of the Border
Authors: Elmer David F. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Epic singing among the south Slavs is a “tradition of the border”: historically, its development was closely intertwined with the conditions pertaining in the Balkan frontier zone that separated the Ottoman Empire from its neighbors. After reviewing fundamental characteristics of this tradition, the present chapter argues that the tradition itself can be understood as a “borderland” through which a variety of boundaries have been traced. These boundaries have determined how the territory has been mapped in terms of genre (epic vs. ballad), gender (“women’s songs” vs. “heroic songs”), and the orality/literacy divide. The binaries that emerge from the tracing of such boundaries are readily appropriated by the ideological structures of nationalism. The application of a “philology of the border,” understood as the critical re-examination of philological acts of discrimination, reveals the underlying continuities often obscured by the boundaries imposed on the south Slavic epic tradition, as well as the ideological values those boundaries express.
Blackness and Contested Identities in Brazilian Samba
Authors: Trotta Felipe 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Largely acknowledged as the most important Brazilian popular music genre, samba occupies a floating space in national music valorization. At times, samba is praised as being representative of Brazilian people’s soul, while at other times it suffers prejudice due to its racialized connections with blackness. This chapter discusses how this floating valorization is related to samba’s association with and definition as “black” music throughout its more than one hundred years of existence. Four moments or periods in samba’s history will be illustrated, during which sambistas have negotiated blackness in different ways, while regarding the genre as a pivotal element in people’s fight against racism and, more recently, sexism.
Medicine, Health, and Illness
Authors: Cersosimo Giuseppina 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter highlights the contributions and potential of symbolic interactionism for understanding medicine, health, and illness. It traces the beginnings of interactionist approaches to healthcare in studies of disease as a social construction, patient negotiation studies, research on professions, studies of trajectories and biography, and analyses of interpretations of suffering. Symbolic interactionism has advanced the study of health care through the use of sensitizing concepts, grounded theory, and a holistic approach to focusing on interfacing with the everyday life of patients. As new frameworks for the interaction between doctors and patients, new technologies, and new forms of interaction continue to transform health care, the importance of examining health treatments through a symbolic interactionist lens can trigger deep conversations and change related to health policies while reducing disparities within the healthcare system.
Symbolic Interaction and Music
Authors: Kotarba Joseph A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter outlines symbolic interactionist approaches to understanding music with a particular emphasis on the sensitizing concepts of subculture, self, identity, community, scene, sense of place, idioculture, interaction, organization, and authenticity. Sensitizing concepts that serve to illuminate a topic area and to analytically connect across different topic areas are at the heart of the symbolic interactionist perspective. Moving beyond the compartmentalization of music into just “youth subcultures,” this chapter argues for a more integrated understanding of music as a central feature of human lives. Music is integral to social life and a ubiquitous feature of everyday life, and thus its study contributes not just to a better understanding of music but also to our understanding of central sociological issues of culture, community, belonging, and identity.
Bringing Home the Case of the Poor
Authors: Fleischacker Samuel 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Contrary to the standard view, which sees Adam Smith’s Theory of Moral Sentiments and the Wealth of Nations as unconnected, it is suggested here that the two books are bound together deeply, if implicitly, by way of the rhetoric Smith used in the Wealth of Nations to persuade his readers of the dignity of the poor. A theory of moral rhetoric is drawn from Smith’s account of sympathy in the Theory of Moral Sentiments, as well as some of his explicit remarks in his lectures on rhetoric, and then applied to passages in the Wealth of Nations. It is argued that the Wealth of Nations is an example of what Thomas Laqueur called a “humanitarian narrative,” and that it was written in amoral language for moral purposes: that it is in part a moral narrative that for that very reason abstains from moral judgment.
The Rhetoric of Reason in Mary Wollstonecraft’s A Vindication of the Rights of Men
Authors: O’Neill Daniel I. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Mary Wollstonecraft’s A Vindication of the Rights of Men, one of the first published replies to Edmund Burke’s Reflections on the Revolution in France, is increasingly regarded as an important work in the history of political thought. This chapter argues that Wollstonecraft developed a “rhetoric of reason” to respond to Burke’s own rhetorical reliance on the eighteenth-century notion of “sensibility,” which he used along with his own aesthetic categories of the “sublime” and the “beautiful,” to attack the French Revolution. In response, Wollstonecraft used critical reason as a tool for intellectually unmasking what she saw as Burke’s lack of empathy for the sufferings of poor and oppressed men, women, and children and his worship of power. Her goal in so doing was to persuade her readers to reject Burke’s arguments and embrace the Revolution, which she saw as holding out the promise of replacing all institutionalized forms of hierarchy among human beings with a new and higher form of democratic civilization.
Practical Truth, Ethical Naturalism, and the Constitution of Agency in Anscombe’s Ethics
Authors: Hacker-Wright John 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter argues that Anscombe’s moral philosophy can be understood as an Aristotelian version of constitutivism, according to which ethical norms are norms that are constitutive of human action and enable us to enact our flourishing. On Anscombe’s views, someone who acts well normally brings it about that they make some things true of what they are doing, including making it true that they are acting well. This requires having the virtues and a true conception of what it is to act well. The virtues enable the virtuous agent to correctly construe situations and structure their appetites such that they are not impeded in acting well. A fully committed vicious agent may have a harmonious psychology, but they will still be impeded in their agency, Anscombe holds, through not being able to make it true that they are acting well. The chapter argues that Anscombe’s commitments enable her to respond to objections recently raised to the very idea of an Aristotelian constitutivism by Christine Korsgaard.
Anscombe on Double Effect and Intended Consequences
Authors: Michon Cyrille 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
From her first writings up to Intention and later, Elizabeth Anscombe was concerned with the doctrine of double effect (DDE), which relies on the distinction between intended and merely foreseen consequences of an action. The doctrine is linked to a precise account of intention and to an overall anti-consequentialist account of morality which fits well with Anscombe’s philosophy. At the same time she regularly warns us against abuses of the doctrine and is aware that a special difficulty arises from what is now called the ‘closeness problem’ (P. Foot). After presenting the doctrine and the problem, the chapter deals with the accusation of inconsistency between Anscombe’s account of the DDE and her analysis of action in Intention (J. Finnis), and argues that she has made room for a distinction between two scopes of intention—broad and narrow—which can ground moral differences, and thus reshape the debate over the DDE.
Anscombe and Self-Consciousness
Authors: Haddock Adrian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
According to G. E. M. Anscombe, self-consciousness is not consciousness of oneself. Self-consciousness is what is manifested by the use of ‘I’. This would be consciousness of oneself if ‘I’ referred to its speaker in the manner of a name, a demonstrative, or a definite description. But a central burden of Anscombe’s ‘The First Person’ is to show that ‘I’ is not such a term. She accepts ‘the rule “If X asserts something with “I” as subject, his assertion will be true if and only if what he asserts is true of X.” ’ But she distinguishes acceptance of this rule from acceptance of the idea that ‘I’ is a term whose use manifests consciousness of oneself.
Justice and Murder
Authors: Berkman John 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Drawing in part on new biographical discoveries about Anscombe, this chapter argues that Anscombe’s work in moral philosophy was driven by her concern to recover the absolute moral prohibition on murder, and the virtue of justice as the appropriate basis for it. Oxford moral philosophy made the mistake of giving priority to abstract moral theorising over the most fundamental moral convictions. Anscombe, following the wisdom of great philosophical and religious traditions, recognised that the prohibition against killing innocent people as a requirement of natural justice is a prerequisite for legitimate theorising about morality. She thus attacked what she took to be the naïve, frivolous, and/or degenerate moral theorising of the Oxford moral philosophers.
“Central Europe”
Authors: Zečević Nada 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This Introduction deals with diverse definitions and perceptions of medieval Central Europe that developed over time, among which also its modern geopolitical uses. The chapter then points out the region’s medieval entanglements and the need to observe them in the broadest spatial terms and by comprehensive mutual interactions of the region’s societies and their neighborhood. By reflecting on the structure of the volume and scholarly contributions published in it, this chapter concludes acknowledging the importance of scholarly collaboration in providing comprehensive comparative accounts on medieval Central Europe.
Rural Land Management in Medieval Central Europe
Authors: Sárosi Edit 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter explores how management of rural resources in Central Europe changed to expand the rural production from the thirteenth century on, highlighting the important transformations in food-production patterns and new technologies that made the region comparable to parts of the European medieval West. One significant element in this process was the massive transfer and flexible adaptation of organizational frameworks and agricultural techniques arriving with settlers from Western Europe. The increase in agricultural production not only contributed to a higher standard of living for the peasant population, but also supplied food and other agrarian products to a growing segment of the population not engaged in food production. From the fourteenth century, large numbers of urban settlements with significant populations employed in crafts, industrial production, and trade enjoyed the benefits of the agrarian hinterland. Ultimately, the development of medieval rural landscapes in Central Europe was based on interaction, acceptance, and adaptation of innovation, which means that it can be regarded as an integral part of the wider medieval European agricultural milieu.
Research on the Newly Dead
Authors: Hammack-Aviran Catherine M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Research on the dead is both the source and the product of chronic tensions between and among social, religious, cultural, economic, legal, and scientific constructs and values. Human remains hold an important role in a myriad of research fields, such as product development and forensics (e.g., safety testing, “body farms”). Yet, research on the newly dead is largely beyond the scope of state and federal law and regulation. Due to the dearth of traditional protections, critical analysis of the ethics of cadaver research is essential to supporting potentially beneficial research while protecting the rights, interests, and welfare of all persons—living and dead.
Underground Visual Arts
Authors: Turkina Olesya 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Emerging in the 1960s along with unofficial art, Soviet underground photography evolved around the amateur photo clubs at palaces and houses of culture and was also closely linked with unofficial poets and artists. This chapter shows how the transition from independent photography (that is, photography not produced for news agencies and periodicals) to conceptual photography took place when quality and composition ceased to concern photographers and, on the contrary, they begin to appreciate “poor” quality, sloppy composition, grainy prints, and manual coloring. Taking as a starting point the “direct photography” of Leningrad photo underground titan Boris Smelov, and drawing on the work of Boris Mikhailov, Igor Makarevich, Yevgeny Yufit, and Vladislav Mamyshev-Monroe, the article shows how artists reconsidered the fundamental possibilities of the medium and its message during the transition to the new era.
Progression of ACT
Authors: Zettle Robert D. , Wilson Kelly G. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) in the context of its historical and progressive development unfolded within three phases over the past 40 years. Events and influences in an initial phase that culminated in the development of comprehensive distancing as a precursor to ACT in the early 1980s preceded philosophical, theoretical, and conceptual refinements that took place during the next phase of ACT’s progression. These advancements, including the further explication of functional contextualism, rule governance, and relational responding, contributed to the emergence of ACT as a coherent transdiagnostic intervention by the turn of this century. Ever increasing outcome and process research within the last two decades during ACT’s third and most recent stage of progression have been instrumental in solidifying its current empirical status and expanding globalization.
Depression
Authors: A-Tjak Jacqueline , Hayes Louise 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Depressive disorders most commonly refer to either dysthymia, a persistent or chronic form of mild depression, or major depressive disorder. The two primary symptom clusters are depressed mood and loss of interest/pleasure. Comorbid conditions account for the largest portion of the adverse impact of depression. One of the most influential and researched treatments for this disorder is cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). This therapy is often the therapy of choice, with about two-thirds of those suffering from depression benefiting from it. Of growing importance in the treatment of depression is acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), which has been shown to be as efficacious as CBT. The ACT model consists of six interrelated processes: experiential avoidance, fusion, attachment to a conceptualized self, loss of contact with the present moment, loss of contact with values, and lack of valued action. The body of research on depression and its purported mechanisms can inform the ACT model of psychological flexibility and inflexibility and could influence ACT treatment. The paradox of treating it as a diagnostic category can be addressed via a transdiagnostic perspective.
Familial Roles, Responsibilities, and Solidarity in Diverse African Societies
Authors: Evans Ruth , Diop Rosalie Aduayi , Kébé Fatou 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Familial roles and responsibilities, household structures, and support networks are changing in many African societies in response to global and local processes. These include the economic restructuring, chronic poverty, urbanization and rapid technological change, chronic health emergencies, and migration that is affecting many African societies. This chapter explores contrasting contexts affected by such challenges in East and West Africa by focusing on the disruptions and changes in familial responsibilities caused by the death of a family member. Women’s and children’s crucial roles in caring for sick, disabled, and older family members and orphaned siblings are increasingly recognized in the HIV epidemic in East Africa. Maternal kin, particularly grandmothers, have filled in gaps, providing care for orphaned children that was conventionally provided by paternal kin in patrilineal societies. The chapter reflects on the policy implications of these changes in terms of social protection and the care of vulnerable family members.
Electoral Systems in Historical Political Economy
Authors: Caramani Daniele 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Electoral systems are rules for organizing elections and allocating seats in legislatures. As a core feature of the distribution of power in representative democracy, their choice is a matter of contestation between parties and candidates that anticipate consequences under conditions of uncertainty about electoral outcomes. The chapter addresses the origins of diverging electoral systems in different countries during the processes of enfranchisement and liberalization at the end of the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth centuries. Historical political economy combines structural and actor-oriented perspectives to explain the shift from majoritarian systems to proportional representation under the threat that workers’ parties posed to liberal and conservative elites and, more generally, under growing district competition, which elites could not counter through alliances between them. Pressure for reform became stronger with the nationalization of politics, especially in coordinated market economies with corporatist bargaining traditions where interest-based social partners were no longer able to secure representation in the legislature through single-member districts.
Geographies of Job Quality
Authors: Weller Sally , Barnes Tom , Kimberley Nicholas 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
For geographers, issues of job quality are considered in conjunction with wider questions of how people live in households and communities. This binds questions about the quality of jobs to wider questions about where, why and who holds which jobs. After explaining this perspective, the chapter introduces five areas of geographical research in which questions of job quality are central: regional polarization; global production networks; global care chains; platforms and the gig economy; and the potentials of labour agency. The conclusion emphasizes that job quality depends on the job, the worker and context, which, like all labour market processes, are inherently spatial and unavoidably place based.