bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Remotely Guided Immunobots Engaged in Anti‐Tumorigenic Phenotypes for Targeted Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Dogan Nihal Olcay , Ceylan Hakan , Suadiye Eylül , Sheehan Devin , Aydin Asli , Yasa Immihan Ceren , Wild Anna‐Maria , Richter Gunther , Sitti Metin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBuilding medical microrobots from the body's own cells may circumvent the biocompatibility concern and hence presents more potential in clinical applications to improve the possibility of escaping from the host defense mechanism. More importantly, live cells can enable therapeutically relevant functions with significantly higher efficiency than synthetic systems. Here, live immune cell‐derived microrobots from macrophages, i.e., immunobots, which can be remotely steered with externally applied magnetic fields and directed toward anti‐tumorigenic (M1) phenotypes, are presented. Macrophages engulf the engineered magnetic decoy bacteria, composed of 0.5 µm diameter silica Janus particles with one side coated with anisotropic FePt magnetic nanofilm and the other side coated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). This study demonstrates the torque‐based surface rolling locomotion of the immunobots along assigned trajectories inside blood plasma, over a layer of endothelial cells, and under physiologically relevant flow rates. The immunobots secrete signature M1 cytokines, IL‐12 p40, TNF‐α, and IL‐6, and M1 cell markers, CD80 and iNOS, via toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4)‐mediated stimulation with bacterial LPS. The immunobots exhibit anticancer activity against urinary bladder cancer cells. This study further demonstrates such immunobots from freshly isolated primary bone marrow‐derived macrophages since patient‐derivable macrophages may have a strong clinical potential for future cell therapies in cancer.
Ceria Nanoenzyme‐Based Hydrogel with Antiglycative and Antioxidative Performance for Infected Diabetic Wound Healing
Authors: Cheng Fang , Wang Shenqiang , Zheng Hua , Shen Haidong , Zhou Li , Yang Zuoting , Li Qiyan , Zhang Qiuyu , Zhang Hepeng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDiabetic wound healing still faces a dilemma because of the hostile hyperglycemic, oxidative, and easily‐infected wound microenvironment. In addition, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) further impede wound repair by altering the immunological balance. Herein, ceria nanorods with distinctive antiglycative and excellent antioxidative capacities are innovatively introduced into a self‐healing and erasable hydrogel, which could reshape the wound microenvironment by expediting hemostasis, inhibiting infection, reducing AGEs, and continuously depleting reactive oxygen species. The remitted oxidative stress and glycosylation synergistically regulate inflammatory responses, and promote revascularization and extracellular matrix deposition, resulting in accelerated diabetic wound repair. This study provides a highly efficient strategy for constructing nanoenzyme‐reinforced antiglycative hydrogel that regulates every wound healing stage for diabetic wound management.
Tetracyanobutadiene Bridged Push‐Pull Chromophores: Development of New Generation Optoelectronic Materials
Authors: Patil Yuvraj , Butenschön Holger , Misra Rajneesh 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis review describes the design strategies used for the synthesis of various tetracyanobutadiene bridged donor‐acceptor molecular architectures by a click type [2+2] cycloaddition‐retroelectrocyclization (CA‐RE) reaction sequence. The photophysical and electrochemical properties of the tetracyanobutadiene bridged molecular architectures based on various moieties including diketopyrrolopyrrole, isoindigo, benzothiadiazole, pyrene, pyrazabole, truxene, boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY), phenothiazine, triphenylamine, thiazole and bisthiazole are summarized. Further, we discuss some important applications of the tetracyanobutadiene bridged derivatives in dye sensitized solar cells, bulk heterojunction solar cells and photothermal cancer therapy.
Detecting denning behavior with camera traps: an example with fishers
Authors: Cunningham Stephanie A. , Pyszczynski Timothy , Watson Timothy M. , Bakerian Rachel , Jensen Paul G. , Frair Jacqueline L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCamera traps are often used to monitor wildlife occupancy and, increasingly, to record life history events. For tree‐denning species such as fishers (Pekania pennanti), camera traps have been used to investigate reproduction (e.g., litter size and kit survival) by documenting females with kits as they move between trees. Yet, unbiased quantification of litter size and kit survival likely requires consideration of detection probability during transitions. We conducted a field experiment with the objective of estimating detection probability of fishers coming to or going from a central tree given different camera arrays and compared that to observations of collared females denning in northern New York. We estimated detection probability via logistic regression and investigated the effects of movement differences related to leaving vs. returning to the tree, as well as temporal effects related to kit development. The number of cameras deployed strongly influenced detection probability, which on average ranged from 0.21 with one camera to 0.85 with 6 cameras, yet detection rate of fishers returning to the den was consistently higher than fishers leaving. Despite the difference in detection relative to direction, we obtained at least one photo of 94% of expected kit transfers. Our results demonstrate the benefits and challenges of purpose‐specific tests when using camera traps for estimating demographic rates, and we offer considerations for researchers that may be considering trade‐offs between number of cameras and different collar technology in understanding reproductive ecology of fishers and similar arboreal‐denning carnivores.
Strategies for establishing and using genome resource banks to protect genetic diversity in conservation breeding programs
Authors: Ballou Jonathan D. , Lacy Robert C. , Traylor‐Holzer Kathy , Bauman Karen , Ivy Jamie A. , Asa Cheryl 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGenome resource banks (GRBs) have the potential to preserve the genetic diversity of a species over time, yet they are rarely utilized as effective components of conservation breeding programs. Advances have been made in reproductive biology, collection and storage techniques, and use of stored gametes for achieving successful reproduction, but there are few guidelines for integrating GRBs into established breeding programs. Here we present basic guidelines, focusing on strategies for the collection, maintenance, and use of semen GRBs for protecting genetic diversity. These guidelines should be applied in the context of the specific purposes and roles of a breeding program's GRB, which will differ among species depending on vulnerability to loss and the status of rescue and conservation efforts. We recommend establishing up to three types of collections: (1) a National Reserve to preserve a species' genetic diversity, to be used only as a last resort; (2) a Savings Account to be used periodically to invigorate a genetically depauperate population; and (3) a Checking Account to be used as a regular part of the breeding program. We present methods for identifying donors to maximize genetic diversity in a GRB, as well as strategies for maintaining and optimally using GRBs.
Multipath Characterization Using Ray-Tracing in Urban Trenches
Authors: Icking Lucy , Ruwisch Fabian , Schön Steffen 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Multipath in urban environments still represents a great challenge for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning as it is a degrading factor which limits the attainable accuracy, precision and integrity. In an urban trench, the dense building structures in the vicinity of the antenna cause reflections of the satellite signals resulting in multipath errors. Various work has been presented for simulating reflections for stations under laboratory conditions, yet the simulative analysis of multipath propagation in urban environments is currently developing.
In this contribution, we enhanced an existing Ray-Tracing algorithm which identifies potentially multipath affected satellite signals. So far, it calculates reflection points on a plane ground and estimates the resulting multipath error. We extended it for the urban area case by introducing a 3D city building model with possible reflections on all surfaces of the buildings. Based on the geometry between the antenna position, satellite position and the reflection surface, the extra path delays, the characteristics of the propagation channel and the signal amplitudes are calculated. The resulting multipath errors are then estimated from the discriminator function using state of the art correlator parameters and antenna models.
For a validation, the simulation results are compared with code-minus-carrier combination from a real GNSS experiment in a dense urban area in Hannover. We find that the simulated multipath errors fit the observations in terms of the amplitude, but with uncertainties in the building model, the multipath wave length is too large. The distance to the reflection surface is a key factor which influences the multipath wavelength.
Programmatic Action and Policy Processes
Authors: Hornung Johanna 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe Programmatic Action Framework (PAF) is a theoretical lens on policy processes developed at the intersection of policy process research, public administration, elite sociology, and social psychology. This chapter is particularly devoted to outlining the foundations of the PAF and putting them in context with other existing theories of the policy process. There are two main bases of PAF assumptions: Firstly, the role of bureaucracy in areas close to the state in formulating policy and the related desire for increased authority gained through advancement in individual careers. Secondly, social psychological perspectives on social identities of groups formed on the basis of shared characteristics are adopted by the PAF to outline the role of shared biographies and resulting policy programs, which are identity-forming, in policy processes and policy change. The particular focus of this study is on the institutional conditions under which such actors form programmatic groups and use their policy programs to shape the policy process over time.
The information content of jet quenching and machine learning assisted observable design
Authors: Lai Yue Shi , Mulligan James , Płoskoń Mateusz , Ringer Felix 
Published: October 2022

AbstractJets produced in high-energy heavy-ion collisions are modified compared to those in proton-proton collisions due to their interaction with the deconfined, strongly-coupled quark-gluon plasma (QGP). In this work, we employ machine learning techniques to identify important features that distinguish jets produced in heavy-ion collisions from jets produced in proton-proton collisions. We formulate the problem using binary classification and focus on leveraging machine learning in ways that inform theoretical calculations of jet modification: (i) we quantify the information content in terms of Infrared Collinear (IRC)-safety and in terms of hard vs. soft emissions, (ii) we identify optimally discriminating observables that are in principle calculable in perturbative QCD, and (iii) we assess the information loss due to the heavy-ion underlying event and background subtraction algorithms. We illustrate our methodology using Monte Carlo event generators, where we find that important information about jet quenching is contained not only in hard splittings but also in soft emissions and IRC-unsafe physics inside the jet. This information appears to be significantly reduced by the presence of the underlying event. We discuss the implications of this for the prospect of using jet quenching to extract properties of the QGP. Since the training labels are exactly known, this methodology can be used directly on experimental data without reliance on modeling. We outline a proposal for how such an experimental analysis can be carried out, and how it can guide future measurements.
Dualities and flavored indices of M2-brane SCFTs
Authors: Hayashi Hirotaka , Nosaka Tomoki , Okazaki Tadashi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We study various conjectural dual descriptions of a stack of M2-branes in M-theory including ADHM, ABJ(M), BLG, discrete gauge theories and quiver Chern-Simons (CS) theories and propose several new dualities of the M2-brane SCFTs by analyzing flavored supersymmetric indices in detail. The mapping of local operators, Coulomb, Higgs and mixed branch operators as well as global symmetries under the dualities are obtained from the precise matching of the indices. Furthermore, we find closed form expressions for the Coulomb limit of the indices of the U(N) ADHM theory and the dual quiver CS theory for arbitrary N and propose a refined generating function for plane partitions with trace N. For the quiver CS theories we also find an infinite-sum expression for the Higgs limit of the indices which is more useful than the original expression.
Uncovering a chirally suppressed mechanism of 0νββ decay with LHC searches
Authors: Graesser Michael L. , Li Gang , Ramsey-Musolf Michael J. , Shen Tianyang , Urrutia-Quiroga Sebastián 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
∆L = 2 lepton number violation (LNV) at the TeV scale could provide an alternative interpretation of positive signal(s) in future neutrinoless double beta (0νββ) decay experiments. An interesting class of models from this point of view are those that at low energies give rise to dimension-9 vector operators and a dimension-7 operator, both of whose 0νββ-decay rates are “chirally suppressed”. We study and compare the sensitivities of 0νββ-decay experiments and LHC searches to a simplified model in this class of TeV-scale LNV that is also SU(2)L × U(1)Y gauge invariant. The searches for 0νββ decay, which are here diluted by a chiral suppression of the vector operators, are found to be less constraining than LHC searches whose reach is increased by the assumed kinematic accessibility of the mediator particles. For the chirally suppressed dimension-7 operator generated by TeV-scale mediators, in contrast, 0νββ-decay searches place strong constraints on the size of the new Yukawa coupling. Signals of this model at the LHC and 0νββ-decay experiments are entirely uncorrelated with the observed neutrinos masses, as these new sources of LNV give negligible contributions to the latter. We find the prospects for the high-luminosity LHC and ton-scale 0νββ-decay experiments to uncover the chirally-suppressed mechanism with TeV-scale LNV to be promising. We also comment on the sensitivity of the 0νββ-decay lifetime to certain unknown low-energy constants that in the case of dimension-9 scalar operators are expected to be large due to non-perturbative renormalization.
Rezidivierende, schwere Epistaxis bei COVID-19-Patienten
Authors: Isberner R. , Vorwerk U. , Schewe D. 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungEine 12-jährige Patientin stellte sich mit fulminantem Nasenbluten vor; nebenbefundlich hatte sie eine COVID-19-Infektion. Bei bestehender Hämorrhagie zeigte sie eine zunehmende Schocksymptomatik. In der aktuellen Literatur ist eine Assoziation des SARS-CoV-2-Virus zu neu auftretender schwerer Epistaxis beschrieben, am ehesten durch Induktion einer Mukosainflammation. Andere Ursachen müssen jedoch ausgeschlossen werden.
Die KomMent-Studie: ein Pilotprojekt zur strukturierten interprofessionellen Kommunikation in der Uroonkologie
Authors: Jünger Jana , Fugmann Dominik , Hinding Barbara , Necknig Ulrike , Bushuven Stefan , Zschäbitz Stefanie , Steiner Nancy , Albers Peter , Giessing Markus 
Published: October 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Kommunikation und interprofessionelle Zusammenarbeit mit krebskranken Patient:innen ist herausfordernd. Ein strukturiertes Kommunikationstraining ist bisher nicht in die ärztliche Weiterbildung integriert. Ziel der Studie war es, die Machbarkeit eines 80 Unterrichtseinheiten (UE) umfassenden interprofessionellen Kommunikationstrainings (IKT), wie im Nationalen Krebsplan empfohlen, an einer Klinik mit uroonkologischem Schwerpunkt zu prüfen.

Methode
Eine Bedarfsanalyse wurde mittels Fokusgruppen und Einzelinterviews durchgeführt. Die Lernziele wurden mit (inter)nationalen Lernzielkatalogen abgestimmt. Das IKT wurde mittels des „six-step approach“ nach Kern und „design-based research“ erarbeitet. Die Inanspruchnahme und die Akzeptanz wurden evaluiert. Das IKT umfasste 6 Präsenzworkshops (50 UE) und eine Teamsupervision (10 UE). Für das individuelle arbeitsplatzbasierte Training (20 UE) wurden 6 definierte Settings identifiziert: Visite, Übergabe, Befundmitteilung, Aufnahme- und Entlassgespräch sowie ein Wunschsetting.

Ergebnis
Die ärztliche Teilnahmequote an den Präsenzworkshops war 83,0 %, die pflegerische 58,3 %. Die Inanspruchnahme des arbeitsplatzbasierten Trainings lag bei 97 %. Die Ärzt:innen evaluierten das IKT sehr positiv (in Schulnoten Mittelwert [MW] 1,2 ± 0,4). Alle Teilnehmenden fühlten sich auf die Gespräche mit Patient:innen und Angehörigen besser vorbereitet. Zur Verstetigung wurden Ärzt:innen zu Mentoren ausgebildet.

Schlussfolgerung
Die Implementierung eines IKT von 80 UE Umfang ist an einer urologischen Klinik erfolgreich durchführbar und führt u. a. durch eine Mentorenausbildung zu einer nachhaltigen Verbesserung der Kommunikationskultur.
Local edge minimality of SRPT networks with shared resources
Authors: Kruk Łukasz , Gieroba Robert 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe consider a general network with arbitrary topology and node capacities, in which users require simultaneous service from a number of shared resources. We study pathwise minimality of the shortest remaining processing time protocol with respect to suitable criteria based on the system’s cumulative transmission times of flows with residual service requirements not greater than any threshold value on the network routes. No distributional assumptions are made on the underlying stochastic primitives.
Multidetector computed tomography assessment of venous invasion in hepatic alveolar echinococcosis
Authors: Zhang Tieliang , Zhang Yuan , Wang Jian , Hou Juan , Liu Wenya 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The objective of this study was to correlate multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) findings in hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (HAE) with intraoperative and postoperative histopathological results to identify reliable MDCT criteria for the diagnosis of HAE venous invasion.

Methods
A total of 136 HAE patients who underwent CT examination were included in this study. The lesion-vessel contact angle, irregular wall, lumen stenosis and occlusion were evaluated.

Results
A total of 614 veins were estimated. In total, 510 veins were invaded, and 104 veins were not. The invasion rate was 83.06%. In single CT findings, with a cutoff value of > 180° determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the lesion-vessel contact angle performed the best (area under the ROC curve, AUC = 0.907, 95% confidence interval, 95% CI 0.872–0.941, p < 0.001), with a sensitivity, specificity and positive likelihood ratio (PLR) of 84.90%, 88.46%, and 7.35, respectively. Irregular wall and lumen stenosis showed the lowest diagnostic performance. Diagnostic performance was the highest when combining these criteria and signs (AUC = 0.932, 95% CI 0.905–0.960, p < 0.001).

Conclusion
The lesion-vessel contact angle > 180° had the best sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of HAE venous invasion, and good interobserver agreement had been noted. The diagnostic performance of the lesion-vessel contact angle > 180° had been further improved with the addition of lumen occlusion accompanied by irregular wall or lumen stenosis.

Graphical abstract
Mid‐Term Outcomes of Nonoperative Management for Patients with Grade III Blunt Thoracic Aortic Injury
Authors: Park Jiye , Kwon Yohan , Hwang Kyungjin , Lim Sang‐Hyun , Hong You Sun , Moon Jonghwan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of our study was to assess the mid‐term outcomes of the patients with grade III blunt thoracic aortic injury (BTAI) who were treated non‐operatively and to determine the specific conditions for successful NOM.
MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed patients with grade III BTAI at a single level 1 trauma center between January 2012 and March 2020, and compared the demographics and outcomes of NOM and thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR). We also examined the factors contributing to the selection of NOM by calculating the odds ratios for age, sex, initial systolic blood pressure, injury severity score, abbreviated injury scale score, pseudoaneurysm/neck (P/N) ratio, and comorbidity.ResultsIn total, 46 adults were included. Thirty patients underwent NOM and 19 underwent TEVAR. The time from injury to computed tomography, hospital days, intensive care unit length of stay, and follow‐up period showed no difference between the two groups. Aorta‐related mortality was not observed in either group. Two patients (7.4%) in the NOM group experienced an increase in pseudoaneurysms: one of them underwent delayed surgical repair without complications, and the other maintained regular follow‐up. The odds ratio for selecting NOM was significant when the P/N ratio was < 1.30 (OR = 4.687 [95% CI, 1.229–17.882], p = 0.024).ConclusionsWe suggest that carefully selected patients with BTAI grade III could be observed nonoperatively or treated by delayed intervention on outpatient basis, and a P/N ratio < 1.30 can be used as a cutoff to decide treatment options for BTAI grade III.
Unilateral Adrenalectomy for Primary Aldosteronism Due to Bilateral Adrenal Disease Can Result in Resolution of Hypokalemia and Amelioration of Hypertension
Authors: Szabo Yamashita Thomas , Shariq Omair A. , Foster Trenton R. , Lyden Melanie L. , Dy Benzon M. , Young William F. , Bancos Irina , McKenzie Travis J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundBilateral idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA) is responsible for 60% of primary aldosteronism (PA) cases. Medical management is standard of care for IHA. Unilateral adrenalectomy (UA) with the intent of debulking total aldosterone production as a palliative measure remains controversial.MethodsSingle‐center retrospective review (2010–2020) of patients undergoing UA with a diagnosis of PA due to IHA (lateralization index [LI] on adrenal venous sampling [AVS] < 4). Demographic, pre‐operative, intra‐operative, and post‐operative variables were assessed. Hypertensive regimens were converted to the WHO Defined Daily Dose (DDD).ResultsTwenty‐four patients were identified, 14, 58% male and mean age 52 ± 10 years. Preoperative hypokalemia was present in 22, 92% of patients. Median number of antihypertensives taken was 3 (interquartile range [IQR], 2–4) and median DDD was 4 (IQR, 3–5.3). Median lateralization index on AVS was 3.52 (range, 1.19–3.88). All operations were performed in minimally invasive fashion. There were no conversions to open procedure, ICU admissions, or post‐operative complications. Median follow‐up was 10.5 months (range, 1–145 months). Hypokalemia resolved in 17, 76% of patients at last follow‐up. Post‐operative median number of antihypertensives taken was 1 (IQR, 1–3) and median DDD was 2 (IQR, 0.5–2.75) from 4, P = 0.003. Three (%) patients required continuation of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists post‐operatively. Blood pressure control improved in 65% of patients.ConclusionUnilateral adrenalectomy in the setting of bilateral hyperaldosteronism can improve blood pressure control and stabilize potassium levels in selected patients. Further prospective studies in larger cohorts will be necessary to further define the role of unilateral adrenalectomy in the setting of PA due to bilateral adrenal disease.