bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Situ and Quantitatively Imaging of Heat‐Induced Oxidative State and Oxidative Damage of Living Neurons Using Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy
Authors: Zhang Junjie , Liu Yulin , Li Yabei , Zhu Tong , Qiu Jinbin , Xu Feng , Zhang Hua , Li Fei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCentral nervous system is sensitive and vulnerable to heat. Oxidative state and oxidative damage of neurons under heat stress are vital for understanding early consequences and mechanisms of heat‐related neuronal injury, which remains elusive partly due to the technical challenge of in situ and quantitative monitoring methods. Herein, a temperature‐controlled scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) platform with programmable pulse potential and depth scan modes is developed for in situ and quantitatively monitoring of oxygen consumption, extracellular hydrogen peroxide level, and cell membrane permeability of neurons under thermal microenvironment of 37–42 °C. The SECM results show that neuronal oxygen consumption reaches a maximum at 40 °C and then decreases, extracellular H2O2 level increases from 39 °C, and membrane permeability increases from 2.0 ± 0.6 × 10−5 to 7.2 ± 0.8 × 10−5 m s−1 from 39 to 42 °C. The therapeutic effect on oxidative damage of neurons under hyperthermia conditions (40–42 °C) is further evaluated by SECM and fluorescence methods, which can be partially alleviated by the potent antioxidant edaravone. This work realizes in situ and quantitatively observing the heat‐induced oxidative state and oxidative damage of living neurons using SECM for the first time, which results can contribute to a better understanding of the heat‐related cellular injury mechanism.
Synthesis
Authors: Gailhofer Peter , Krebs David , Proelß Alexander , Schmalenbach Kirsten , Verheyen Roda 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBuilding on a comprehensive study commissioned by the German Federal Environmental Agency in 2018, this book seeks to identify the legal preconditions of the liability of private enterprises for transboundary environmental damage. This goal required an accurate description of the situation de lege lata, i.e. an examination of whether and if so, to what extent existing norms and institutions in international and national law can adequately and effectively address transboundary environmental damage caused by economic actors. However, such an examination would be both incomplete and soon outdated if current and emerging legal developments along with their implications were not also considered in appropriate depth. In addition to the stated goal of identifying existing legal norms and principles, this book has simultaneously endeavoured to focus on current scholarly debates, legal controversies and policy discussions about how liability for environmental damage could and should evolve de lege ferenda.
Liability of Private Actors in International Law
Authors: Gailhofer Peter , Scherf Cara-Sophie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis Chapter examines the legal status of private actors as potential duty-holders in international law and considers ideas and arguments brought forward to substantiate and further develop international environmental obligations for private actors. This task also requires to clarify whether and to what extent international human rights, from which such corporate duties could arise, demand the protection of the environment.
Climate Change Litigation: A Reference Area for Liability
Authors: Verheyen Roda , Franke Johannes 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe chapter looks at climate change litigation against the backdrop of existing law. It uses a comparative approach to discuss tort and nuisance type cases that have principally occurred in the U.S., Germany, and the Netherlands. The chapter establishes different categories of horizontal civil litigation and discusses key legal and forensic issues where climate cases serve particularly well as a reference area for transboundary corporate liability. This includes justiciability, causation, standing and compensable damage as well as the existence and extent of a duty of care.
Implementation Science to Enhance the Value of Cancer Research in Latinos: A Perspective from the National Cancer Institute
Authors: Neta Gila 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThere are a variety of clinical practices and effective community interventions that can improve cancer outcomes in Latino populations; however, these programs are not sufficiently implemented in practice. Furthermore, although there are existing platforms for the dissemination of evidence-based interventions, they are primarily used by researchers. The goal of implementation science is to bridge this gap between research and practice by understanding methods to promote the adoption and integration of evidence into a variety of settings where people are seeking care, including clinical, public health, and community settings. Implementation science hinges on understanding the multilevel context in which implementation occurs and engages stakeholders to ensure that strategies address the critical barriers; are feasible, acceptable, and appropriate; and are likely to be integrated, sustained, and scaled. By advancing implementation science and concentrating on the how in addition to the what, we can ensure that cancer discoveries are able to most effectively reduce the burden of cancer for Latinos.
Looking Forward: Continuing Collaboration for Action
Authors: Ramirez Amelie G. , Trapido Edward J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe second ASCL conference was held in February 2020, about 1 month after the first case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was documented in the United States and before evidence of community spread. Since then, COVID-19 has become a global pandemic that has disproportionately infected, hospitalized, and killed ethnic and racial minorities in the United States (Jacobson et al., Am J Prev Med 61(5):644–651, 2021; Moore et al., MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 69:1122–1126, 2020; Shiels et al., Ann Intern Med. https://doi.org/10.7326/m21-2134, 2021; American Cancer Society, Cancer facts & figures 2021. American Cancer Society, Atlanta, 2021). According to a report of provisional life expectancy estimates from the National Center for Health Statistics, the life expectancy for US Hispanics decreased 3 years (81.8–78.8) between 2019 and 2020. As a result, the life expectancy advantage held by Hispanics over non-Hispanic whites narrowed by 60%, suggesting poorer health and mortality outcomes for the US Hispanic population. It is estimated that 90% of this decline in the life expectancy gap is the result of mortality caused by COVID-19 (Arias et al., Provisional life expectancy estimates for 2020. National Center for Health Statistics, Hyattsville, 2021). Some speculate that this disease disparity exists because Hispanics and other underrepresented groups receive the greatest exposure to the virus. They are more likely to live in densely populated areas and multigenerational households; use public transportation; and have essential public-facing jobs in the service and healthcare sectors, where working from home is not an option (American Cancer Society, Cancer facts & figures 2021. American Cancer Society, Atlanta, 2021; Hooper et al., JAMA 323(24):2466–2467, 2020; Balogun et al., JAMA Oncol 6(10):1531–1532, 2020). If infected, they are also more likely to experience severe symptoms of COVID-19 because of comorbidities such as diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, asthma, and other chronic conditions (Hooper et al., JAMA 323(24):2466–2467, 2020).
Applying an Exposome-wide Association Study (ExWAS) Approach to Latino Cancer Disparities
Authors: Juarez Paul D. , Hood Darryl B. , Song Min-ae , Ramesh Aramandla 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLatinos have higher incidence rates of cervical, gall bladder, liver, and gastric cancer, and higher mortality rates for six cancer sites than US Whites. This review chapter focuses on Latino cancer disparities, how the exposome can be applied to understanding Latino cancer disparities, and how environmental exposures lead to alterations in key biological pathways at the cellular, molecular, and system level, helping to explain the increased risk for population level cancer disparities among Latinos. An exposome-wide association study (ExWAS) approach is proposed as a novel conceptual framework to assess the role of multiple chemical and non-chemical exposures in the cause and progression of cancer among Latinos across the life course. Also discussed is how this strategy could be exploited by using biomarkers of susceptibility, exposure, and effect; and how a trans-omics approach, using recent advances in genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, proteomics, and lipidomics, could be used to deploy new biomarkers that serve both prognostic and diagnostic purposes. Also outlined are the knowledge gaps and scope for future studies in this area with implications for public health and policy interventions.
Acute and Long-term Neurological Complications of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Therapy in Latino Children
Authors: Brown Austin L. , Raghubar Kimberly P. , Scheurer Michael E. , Lupo Philip J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOver the last several decades, the survival for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has increased from about 40–90%. However, current treatment strategies are associated with several acute and long-term toxicities, including neurotoxicity. Further, racial and ethnic disparities persist in both incidence and outcomes for ALL. In particular, Latino children experience both the highest incidence of ALL and less favorable outcomes. The incidence of neurotoxicity during ALL therapy potentially jeopardizes treatment efficacy, and long-term neurocognitive impairment profoundly affects quality of life for survivors. Emerging evidence indicates that Latino patients may be particularly susceptible to these adverse side effects of therapy. Unfortunately, studies of neurotoxicity during ALL therapy have not included large populations of Latino children. Therefore, well-designed studies are needed to characterize neurotoxicity outcomes in Latino patients, while considering factors associated with disparities in cognitive performance in the general population, including socioeconomic status and acculturation. Ultimately, a better understanding of the various factors likely responsible for disparities in neurotoxicity is needed to improve outcomes for Latino children with ALL; these factors include inherited genetic variation, clinical characteristics, and sociocultural differences.
Introduction
Authors: Heikkilä Riie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis chapter is an introduction to the book, a qualitative research about cultural non-participation in an egalitarian society. It introduces the main dilemma: that active cultural participation is linked to high education and class position across different national contexts and that cultural non-participation is typically presented as a problem. The theoretical framework on cultural practices corresponding to social class and being able to generate cultural capital, building on the work of Pierre Bourdieu and his main critics, is explained in detail. Finland, as a fruitful empirical context for the study, is presented. This chapter presents the main research questions on (1) how the cultural participation of hypothetically ‘non-participating’ groups is and (2) what kinds of symbolic boundaries they draw while talking about their cultural participation.
Affirmation
Authors: Heikkilä Riie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis chapter focuses on the first out of three discourses found in the data. This ‘affirmation discourse’ emphasises the importance of both traditional highbrow-oriented participation and different kinds of everyday participation. In the affirmation discourse, the idea that participating in culture is ‘good for you’ is taken seriously. Culture is attributed an unquestionable intrinsic value. It can be interpreted that the affirmation discourse still has confidence in the power of cultural participation to function as a mechanism for providing cultural capital. In the affirmation discourse, the only boundaries are drawn downwards, and there seems to be an inherent idea of adjusting to the hegemonic discourse whereby one must participate in culture. It is argued that the affirmation discourse characterises the egalitarian worldviews of high conformity.
A systematic review of sex differences in rough and tumble play across non-human mammals
Authors: Marley Catherine L. , Pollard Tessa M. , Barton Robert A. , Street Sally E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIt is widely believed that juvenile male mammals typically engage in higher rates of rough and tumble play (RTP) than do females, in preparation for adult roles involving intense physical competition between males. The consistency of this sex difference across diverse mammalian species has, however, not yet been systematically investigated, limiting our current understanding of its possible adaptive function. This review uses narrative synthesis to (i) evaluate the ubiquity of male-biased RTP across non-human mammals, (ii) identify patterns of variation within and between taxonomic groups, and (iii) propose possible predictors of variation in these differences, including methodological and socio-ecological factors, for investigation by future studies. We find that most species studied do exhibit higher rates or RTP in males than females, while female-biased RTP is rare. Sex differences are smaller and less consistent than expected, with many studies finding similar rates of RTP in males and females. We identify multiple potential socio-ecological predictors of variation in sex differences in RTP, such as intrasexual competition and dietary niche. However, variation is not strongly phylogenetically patterned, suggesting that methodological and environmental factors, such as sample size and play partner availability, are important to consider in future comparative analyses.Significance statementRough and tumble play (RTP) is thought to be vital for developing physical skills necessary for aggressive competition in adulthood, explaining an apparently widespread sex difference in RTP in mammals whereby immature males are more likely to engage in this behaviour than females. However, no prior study has systematically investigated the extent to which a male bias in RTP is consistent across diverse mammalian species. We find that although RTP is commonly male biased, findings were highly variable both within- and between-species, and equal participation in RTP by males and females is more common than widely assumed. Our review suggests several potential predictors of variation in sex differences in RTP, particularly levels of intrasexual competition in both males and females. However, our findings also suggest the importance of considering methodological in addition to socio-ecological factors for future research.
Myocardial Perfusion SPECT Imaging Radiomic Features and Machine Learning Algorithms for Cardiac Contractile Pattern Recognition
Authors: Sabouri Maziar , Hajianfar Ghasem , Hosseini Zahra , Amini Mehdi , Mohebi Mobin , Ghaedian Tahereh , Madadi Shabnam , Rastgou Fereydoon , Oveisi Mehrdad , Bitarafan Rajabi Ahmad , Shiri Isaac , Zaidi Habib 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA U-shaped contraction pattern was shown to be associated with a better Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) response. The main goal of this study is to automatically recognize left ventricular contractile patterns using machine learning algorithms trained on conventional quantitative features (ConQuaFea) and radiomic features extracted from Gated single-photon emission computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging (GSPECT MPI). Among 98 patients with standard resting GSPECT MPI included in this study, 29 received CRT therapy and 69 did not (also had CRT inclusion criteria but did not receive treatment yet at the time of data collection, or refused treatment). A total of 69 non-CRT patients were employed for training, and the 29 were employed for testing. The models were built utilizing features from three distinct feature sets (ConQuaFea, radiomics, and ConQuaFea + radiomics (combined)), which were chosen using Recursive feature elimination (RFE) feature selection (FS), and then trained using seven different machine learning (ML) classifiers. In addition, CRT outcome prediction was assessed by different treatment inclusion criteria as the study’s final phase. The MLP classifier had the highest performance among ConQuaFea models (AUC, SEN, SPE = 0.80, 0.85, 0.76). RF achieved the best performance in terms of AUC, SEN, and SPE with values of 0.65, 0.62, and 0.68, respectively, among radiomic models. GB and RF approaches achieved the best AUC, SEN, and SPE values of 0.78, 0.92, and 0.63 and 0.74, 0.93, and 0.56, respectively, among the combined models. A promising outcome was obtained when using radiomic and ConQuaFea from GSPECT MPI to detect left ventricular contractile patterns by machine learning.
A new framework for polynomial approximation to differential equations
Authors: Brugnano Luigi , Frasca-Caccia Gianluca , Iavernaro Felice , Vespri Vincenzo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we discuss a framework for the polynomial approximation to the solution of initial value problems for differential equations. The framework is based on an expansion of the vector field along an orthonormal basis, and relies on perturbation results for the considered problem. Initially devised for the approximation of ordinary differential equations, it is here further extended and, moreover, generalized to cope with constant delay differential equations. Relevant classes of Runge-Kutta methods can be derived within this framework.
Co-movements, option pricing and risk management: an application to WTI versus Brent spread options
Authors: De Giovanni Domenico , Leccadito Arturo , Loccisano Debora 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCo-moments of asset returns play a major role in financial contagion during crises. We study the properties of a particular specification of the generalized bivariate normal distribution which allows for co-volatility and co-skewness. With this probability distribution, formulae for single-name and exchange options can be evaluated quickly since they are based on one-dimensional integrals. We provide a very precise approximation formula for spread option prices and derive the corresponding greeks. We perform a day-to-day re-estimation of the probability distribution on a dataset of WTI vs Brent spread options, showing the ability of this specification to capture the salient empirical features observed in the market. Finally, we show the impact of co-movements on portfolio risk management.
Power-efficient gesture sensing for edge devices: mimicking fourier transforms with spiking neural networks
Authors: Arsalan Muhammad , Santra Avik , Issakov Vadim 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOne of the key design requirements for any portable/mobile device is low power. To enable such a low powered device, we propose an embedded gesture detection system that uses spiking neural networks (SNNs) applied directly to raw ADC data of a 60GHz frequency modulated continuous wave radar. SNNs can facilitate low power systems because they are sparse in time and space and are event-driven. The proposed system, as opposed to earlier state-of-the-art methods, relies solely on the target’s raw ADC data, thus avoiding the overhead of performing slow-time and fast-time Fourier transforms (FFTs) processing. The proposed architecture mimics the discrete Fourier transformation within the SNN itself avoiding the need for FFT accelerators and makes the FFT processing tailored to the specific application, in this case gesture sensing. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system is capable of classifying 8 different gestures with an accuracy of 98.7%. This result is comparable to the conventional approaches, yet it offers lower complexity, lower power consumption and faster computations comparable to the conventional approaches.
Accountable Selves and Responsibility Within a Global Forum
Authors: Pagan Victoria , Haynes Kathryn , Reissner Stefanie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study examines the accountability of the self among sustainability and humanitarian advocates participating in the World Economic Forum. Drawing from Butler’s (Giving an account of oneself. Fordham University Press, New York, 2005) philosophy, we explore how these individuals narrate their accountability to themselves and others, the contradictions they experience, and how they explain becoming responsible in this context. Our data illustrate the difficulties faced by these individuals in resisting the temptation to condemn themselves for compromising their own values, and/or to condemn others who think and behave differently. Through their humility in relation to their incoherent identities, and their generosity in engaging with others, the participants show their responsibility both to those they advocate for and to other delegates who may have different perspectives. The study illustrates how accountability to and of the self emerges through relations with others, how individuals struggle to resist ethical violence, and how they take up moral responsibility through human interaction.
General-purpose preconditioning for regularized interior point methods
Authors: Gondzio Jacek , Pougkakiotis Spyridon , Pearson John W. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper we present general-purpose preconditioners for regularized augmented systems, and their corresponding normal equations, arising from optimization problems. We discuss positive definite preconditioners, suitable for CG and MINRES. We consider “sparsifications" which avoid situations in which eigenvalues of the preconditioned matrix may become complex. Special attention is given to systems arising from the application of regularized interior point methods to linear or nonlinear convex programming problems.
A Challenge for the Scaffolding View of Responsibility
Authors: Gogoshin Dane Leigh 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
According to Victoria McGeer’s “scaffolding view” (SV) (McGeer 2019), responsibility is a matter of moral reasons-sensitivity (MRS) which, in turn, requires only a “susceptibility to the scaffolding power of the reactive attitudes, experienced as a form of moral address” (2019: 315). This claim prompts a prima facie challenge: doesn’t this susceptibility lead to doing the right things for the wrong reasons? Although the SV offers a nuanced and sophisticated answer to this challenge, one that moreover respects the social nature of moral knowledge and the fragility of moral motivation, it does not succeed. It redefines MRS to fit our responsibility practices in a way that overlooks our (fragile) capacity for “genuine MRS.” The first and primary objective of this paper is to contrast SV-MRS with genuine MRS. The second objective is to suggest that rather than redefining MRS (which is both unwarranted and costly), we should accept that there is a gap between our practices (and thus responsible agency) and genuine MRS.