bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dosimetric verification of multi-tumor target cases treated with SRS HyperArc technique using EBT3 radiochromic films
Authors: Juda Aleksandra , Fillmann Marta , Kukołowicz Paweł 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Introduction: Dosimetric verification of Intensity Modulation Radiotherapy treatment plans is usually carried out before the start of treatment. It is of special importance in the case of highly modulated plans, such as plans for patients in whom many tumors are irradiated simultaneously. In this work, we present the results of the verification of multi-target plans performed with the stereotactic HyperArc technique.

Material and methods: The results of dosimetric verification of 35 patient plans in the head are presented. The results are analyzed in terms of the number of tumors, and the distance of the tumor from the isocenter. Measurements were carried out with the film method. The gamma methodology was used (3%/2mm).

Results: The results showed a very good agreement between measurements and calculations.

Conclusions: No dependence of the verification result on the number of targets and the distance between the center of tumor and isocenter was found.
Risk Factors Associated with In-Hospital Mortality in Iranian Patients with COVID-19: Application of Machine Learning
Authors: Shafiekhani Sadjad , Rafiei Sima , Abdollahzade Sina , Souri Saber , Moomeni Zeinab 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Introduction: Predicting the mortality risk of COVID-19 patients based on patient’s physiological conditions and demographic characteristics can help optimize resource consumption along with the provision of effective medical services for patients. In the current study, we aimed to develop several machine learning models to forecast the mortality risk in COVID-19 patients, evaluate their performance, and select the model with the highest predictive power.

Material and methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of the records belonging to COVID-19 patients admitted to one of the main hospitals of Qazvin located in the northwest of Iran over 12 months period. We selected 29 variables for developing machine learning models incorporating demographic factors, physical symptoms, comorbidities, and laboratory test results. The outcome variable was mortality as a binary variable. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify risk factors of in-hospital death.

Results: In prediction of mortality, Ensemble demonstrated the maximum values of accuracy (0.8071, 95%CI: 0.7787, 0.8356), F1-score (0.8121 95%CI: 0.7900, 0.8341), and AUROC (0.8079, 95%CI: 0.7800, 0.8358). Including fourteen top-scored features identified by maximum relevance minimum redundancy algorithm into the subset of predictors of ensemble classifier such as BUN level, shortness of breath, seizure, disease history, fever, gender, body pain, WBC, diarrhea, sore throat, blood oxygen level, muscular pain, lack of taste and history of drug (medication) use are sufficient for this classifier to reach to its best predictive power for prediction of mortality risk of COVID-19 patients.

Conclusions: Study findings revealed that old age, lower oxygen saturation level, underlying medical conditions, shortness of breath, seizure, fever, sore throat, and body pain, besides serum BUN, WBC, and CRP levels, were significantly associated with increased mortality risk of COVID-19 patients. Machine learning algorithms can help healthcare systems by predicting and reduction of the mortality risk of COVID-19 patients.
Effects of Bismuth Oxide Nanoparticles, Cisplatin and Baicalein-rich Fraction on ROS Generation in Proton Beam irradiated Human Colon Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Sisin Noor Nabilah Talik , Akasaka Hiroaki , Sasaki Ryohei , Tominaga Takahiro , Miura Hayato , Nishi Masashi , Geso Moshi , Mat Nor Fazila Che , Razak Khairunisak Abdul , Rahman Wan Nordiana 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Introduction: Proton beam radiotherapy is an advanced cancer treatment technique, which would reduce the effects of radiation on the surrounding healthy cells. The usage of radiosensitizers in this technique might further elevate the radiation dose towards the cancer cells.

Material and methods: The present study investigated the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the presence of individual radiosensitizers, such as bismuth oxide nanoparticles (BiONPs), cisplatin (Cis) or baicalein-rich fraction (BRF) from Oroxylum indicum plant, as well as their combinations, such as BiONPs-Cis (BC), BiONPs-BRF (BB), or BiONPs-Cis-BRF (BCB), on HCT-116 colon cancer cells under proton beam radiotherapy.

Results: It was found that the ROS in the presence of Cis at 3 Gy of radiation dose was the highest, followed by BC, BiONPs, BB, BRF, and BCB treatments. The properties of bismuth as a radical scavenger, as well as the BRF as a natural compound, might contribute to the lower intracellular ROS induction. The ROS in the presence of Cis and BC combination were also time-dependent and radiation dose-dependent.

Conclusions: As the prospective alternatives to the Cis, the BC combination and individual BiONPs showed the capacities to be developed as radiosensitizers for proton beam therapy.
Association between early risk factors and level of functioning at age seven in children at familial risk for schizophrenia or bipolar disorder - The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study VIA 7
Authors: Bundgaard Anette Faurskov , Hemager Nicoline , Gantriis Ditte Lou , Steffensen Nanna Lawaetz , Burton Birgitte Klee , Ellersgaard Ditte , Christiani Camilla Jerlang , Spang Katrine S. , Carlsen Anders Helles , Bliksted Vibeke , Plessen Kerstin J. , Jepsen Jens Richardt Møllegaard , Nordentoft Merete , Mors Ole , Thorup Anne A. E. , Greve Aja Neergaard 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
Facing multiple risk factors, relative to single risk factor exposure early in life can have great implications for negative child development.

Objective
We aim to examine whether the prevalence of early risk factors is higher among children with familial high risk for schizophrenia or bipolar disorder compared to controls. Further, to investigate the association between number of early risk factors and level of functioning at age seven, and whether this possible association is different in children with familial high risk compared to controls.

Method
The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study VIA 7 is a population-based cohort study of children of parents diagnosed with schizophrenia (N = 202), bipolar disorder (N = 120) and controls (N = 200). We conducted a semi-structured anamnestic interview with the child’s primary caregiver to assess early risk factors from pregnancy to age four. We used the Children’s Global Assessment Scale to measure level of functioning at age seven.

Results
13 out of 17 risk factors were more prevalent in children at familial high risk for schizophrenia and 7 out of 17 risk factors were more prevalent in children at familial high risk for bipolar disorder compared to controls. Level of functioning decreased 2.7 (95% CI, 2.2; 3.3)-points per risk factor, but the association was not significantly different across the three groups (p = 0.09).

Conclusions
Our results showed that children at age seven with familial high risk for schizophrenia or bipolar disorder experience a greater number of early risk factors. A higher number of early risk factors were associated with lower level of functioning at age seven. However, the association is not different for children with familial high risk or controls.
Comparative analysis of an option to conclude an agreement and an option agreement
Authors: Murdalov Deni Ruslanovich 
Published: March 2022

In this paper, an option to conclude a contract and an option contract are considered in a comparative aspect. The object of the study is an option relationship or a relationship that develops as a result of the application of the norms of civil legislation on options. The subject of the study is the norms of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation governing the conclusion of an agreement on the granting of an option to conclude a contract and an option contract. The main purpose of the work is to compare the option to conclude an agreement and an option agreement, to identify common and distinctive features of the mechanisms under Articles 429.2 and 429.3 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. В В В The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that in this paper a comparative analysis of the option to conclude a contract and an option contract is carried out. The norms governing the options constructions under consideration have been subjected to a detailed study and analysis. The results of the study, which reflect the scientific novelty of the work, are manifested in the differentiation of two adjacent options as common constructions. The paper considers the option to conclude a contract and an option contract in a comparative aspect, highlights the adjacent and distinctive features of both designs, concludes about the common purpose of option designs, about the features of mechanisms, as well as the need to improve Articles 429.2 and 429.3 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation.
Treatment of refractory giant suprasellar arachnoid cyst by endoscopic expansion of a fenestrated stoma
Authors: Naito Nobuaki , Nonaka Masahiro , Miyata Mayuko , Ueno Katsuya , Kamei Takamasa , Asai Akio 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Although endoscopic ventriculo-cysto-cisternostomy is considered to be effective for suprasellar arachnoid cysts, we encountered a giant suprasellar arachnoid cyst that recurred despite surgery using this technique.

Case Description:
The patient was a 9-month-old boy. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a huge suprasellar arachnoid cyst extending from the suprasellar region to the anterior skull base and both middle cranial fossa. First, an endoscopic procedure was performed to open the cyst wall between the right ventricle and the cyst and between the cyst and the prepontine cistern. Although the cyst initially shrank, it recurred over the next 2 months, and hence, we performed another endoscopic surgery. At the second surgery, both the previously opened stomas were found to be occluded. To reopen the cyst wall between the ventricle and the cyst, multiple holes were made with monopolar electrodes, and forceps were used to connect the holes by grasping and twisting the cyst wall so that the stoma was much larger than at the previous surgery. Postoperatively, the cyst shrank and the patient’s head circumference stopped expanding.

Conclusion:
Following the treatment of large cysts, the stoma might become narrower as the cyst shrinks, resulting in obstruction. Using the technique reported here might prevent occlusion of large arachnoid cysts.
Building rhetorical thinking At Ali Ibn Abi Talib and Al-Hasan
Authors: Mariah Mohammed Halawani, Hani Farraj Ali Abu Bakr Mariah Mohammed Halawani, Hani Farraj Ali Abu Bakr 
Published: March 2022

The Purpose of the study: The aim of the study was to highlight the construction of practical rhetorical thinking in the concepts of rhetoric by Imam Ali: `Rhetoric outlines ambiguities and reveals the defects of ignorance, in the simplest form of terms. While for Hussein, “rhetoric is the disclosure of statement of Mysterious wisdom, and an explanation of an issue”, “rhetoric is the distant approximation of wisdom in the simplest terms, by assuming that these concepts are linked to deduction, indications, and evidences. To discover the aspects of rhetoric and rhetorical deduction in these concepts and the extent to which, rhetoric is related to them, in terms of inference issues, understanding and comprehension. The study attempts to answer the question of whether the limit of the term rhetoric in the first generation includes the meaning of argument, influence and guidance through accomplishing and brevity. Methodology: the scientific method been utilised, through building on previous established knowledge, assuming that the concept of rhetoric since the first pioneer, are considered as eloquent, precious and comprehensive, solves problems and reveals new facts, eliciting that rhetoric is what the human mind require; wisdom, knowledge and experience. Themes: the point of the rhetoric limits from (Ali and Al-Hussien) view-points, in terms of reasoning, understanding, standards of comprehension and understanding, and related interpretive aspects of it. How to read it through seeing the graphic cognitive system, linking issues of comprehension, persuasion, and influence. Besides, the Rhetorical functions and related understanding, clarity, conviction, and inferring and deducing techniques of meanings. Results: The results indicated that the concepts of rhetoric showed that the building of thinking has an integrated comprehensive conception, which aids in solving problems by clarifying the ambiguous meaning, revealing the knowledge cache, examining and explaining it with the appropriate easy, concise, and eloquent way. As the Rhetoric is an integrated, practical, intellectual approach, in an effectual conscious language.
“Sobre as mulheres, um silêncio que gritava”
Authors: Cavalcanti Junior Ary Albuquerque 
Published: March 2022

A presente entrevista busca retratar e rememorar as mais de duas décadas de publicação da obra “A resistência da mulher à Ditadura Militar no Brasil” publicado em 1997 pela Editora Rosa dos Tempos, escrita pela historiadora Ana Maria Colling. Retratando os desafios no campo da história, bem como o acesso aos documentos da repressão então liberados, pós-redemocratização, a entrevista mescla o estado da arte com a trajetória acadêmica e intelectual da autora, a qual se tornou umas das referências mais mencionadas em relação à temática ditadura e mulheres. Agradeço a professora Ana Maria Colling por ceder gentilmente essa entrevista, especificamente para este Dossiê, tão significativo e necessário nos dias atuais.
Crise do capital e as refrações da questão social
Authors: Alves Pâmela Karoline Lins 
Published: March 2022

O presente artigo objetiva analisar as refrações da “questão social”, diante da atual crise do capital, observando as novas configurações postas diante da hegemonia neoliberal. Diante disso, em um primeiro momento, será feita uma revisão bibliográfica utilizando Marx (2018), Santos (2012) e Netto (2011), buscando resgatar suas contribuições no que tange Ã “questão social”. Posteriormente, o artigo pretende partir da análise de Mészáros (2011), em sua abordagem sobre a crise estrutural do capital, observando o papel que o Estado passará a desempenhar nesse novo estágio capitalista, e as respostas dadas por ele Ã s manifestações da “questão social”. Além disso, também serão utilizados os dados de Teixeira e Neves (2018) e de Boschetti e Teixeira (2019), para demonstrar como a crise do capital tem aprofundado em seus “limites últimos” os processos de exploração da força de trabalho e produção da miséria.
Direito Ã alimentação da população em situação de rua e pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Alessandra de Oliveira Meimei , Burlandy Campos de Alcântara Luciene 
Published: March 2022

O artigo analisou os desafios que a população em situação de rua (PSR) enfrenta para garantir o Direito Humano Ã Alimentação Adequada (DHAA) e a Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional (SAN), considerando o advento da pandemia de COVID-19. As estratégias de acesso Ã alimentação da PSR ficam ainda mais escassas diante do isolamento físico exigido pela pandemia, além das múltiplas dificuldades para acessar as políticas públicas. O objetivo do artigo é identificar as principais violações ao DHAA da PSR que vive no Centro do município do Rio de Janeiro (RJ), vide as dificuldades de acesso agravadas no período da pandemia. O estudo pautou-se em entrevistas, mapeamento bibliográfico, pesquisa documental e estudos populacionais. As principais violações identificadas referem-se Ã incerteza da disponibilidade do alimento, ausência do poder de escolha, local para comer, condições inadequadas de higiene, ausência ou escassez de renda para aquisição e o medo da proibição da circulação das doações.
Consumo pós-pandêmico: entre as demandas da consciência e a urgência das necessidades.
Authors: Narciso Gomes Jr Newton , JUNQUEIRA ANTONIO HÉLIO 
Published: March 2022

Em tempos de pandemia emerge a ideia imprecisa do novo normal. Na entrevista concedida Ã Revista Ser Social o professor Helio Junqueira aborda os desafios e contraditórios da sociedade pela vertente do consumo e do consumidor. O consumo consciente e as urgências que se abatem sobre a vida, especialmente dos mais vulneráveis, e tratado com argúcia oferecendo ao leitor a possibilidade de ele próprio confrontar suas ideias e percepções com a realidade em que estamos todos mergulhados. Junqueira convida a isso na entrevista.Â
Historia e identidad: un análisis del caso del actual Quitirrisí, Costa Rica
Authors: Ornat Clemente Raquel 
Published: March 2022

La identidad es el elemento clave que hace que un ser humano sea y se manifieste ante los demás tanto individualmente como formando parte de una colectividad en la que se integra y es aceptado en oposición con otros. De este conocimiento y aceptación surge bien la valoración bien la negación. Son dos decisiones válidas que una persona y colectividad deben elegir según el contexto social, económico y cultural en el que se encuentren.
El devenir de esta elección es la que nutre el artículo que presentamos. Los habitantes de Quitirrisí, comunidad indígena de ascendencia huetar, asentada en el cantón de Mora, Valle Central de Costa Rica, han manifestado y manifiestan su identidad de diversas formas, por lo que nosotros nos entregamos, por una parte, a exponer el concepto de identidad y, por otra, el análisis cualitativo-histórico de las transformaciones identitarias de los quitirriseños.
Los procesos de etnogénesis que protagonizan los habitantes de territorio indígena de Quitirrisí dependiendo del contexto histórico ponen al descubierto su dinamismo para ofrecer alternativas.
De hecho, nosotros, en lugar de buscar exclusivamente los factores de integración hemos querido, con la misma aplicación, detectar en la sociedad quitirriseña las tensiones y los conflictos susceptibles de ser agentes de transformaciones futuras (Balandier, 1975: 224).
Estudio arqueozoológico de los macromamíferos del Neolítico de la cueva de Chaves (Huesca)
Authors: Castaños Ugarte Pedro 
Published: March 2022

Se estudian los restos de Mamíferos y Aves procedentes de los niveles del Neolítico de la cueva de Chaves. Se constata el predominio de las especies domésticas entre las que destacan el ganado ovicaprino seguido del ganado vacuno y del porcino. Se compara la estructura faunística de esta muestra con la de los principales asentamientos neolíticos de la Península Ibérica. Se analiza la representación anatómica de los restos, la distribución de edades y sexos así como la osteometría de cada cabaña doméstica para establecer los patrones de aprovechamiento y los modelos de explotación de los distintos componentes ganaderos. En el bovino y ovicaprino se observa el sacrificio de algunos animales antes de la madurez sexual mientras se conservan otros hasta la edad adulta con el fin de obtener productos secundarios como leche, lana, fuerza y reproducción. En el cerdo la frecuencia de individuos jóvenes es más alta y por tanto su explotación tiene un carácter más primario.
Se incluye un estudio paleontológico de las distintas especies salvajes presentes en la muestra y en especial de los restos de conejo. El análisis tafonómico de éstos últimos parece indicar el carácter no antrópico de la mayor parte de los conejos presentes en el yacimiento. Se incluye al final la relación y medidas de los escasos restos de Aves presentes en este conjunto.
Efek Ekstrak Fraksi Etil Asetat Daun Pelawan pada Kinerja Ovarium Tikus Pascamelahirkan
Authors: Yusfiati  , Wasmen Manalu  , Hera Maheshwari  , Andriyanto  
Published: March 2022

Daun Pelawan memiliki kandungan flavonoid dan steroid yang dapat mempengaruhi sistem reproduksi betina. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji efektivitas ekstrak fraksi etil asetat Pelawan pada fisiologis ovarium tikus pacamelahirkan berdasarkan pada prediksi jumlah anak, bobot anak, kadar estrogen, dan bobot ovarium. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan pola faktorial. Perlakuan dibagi menjadi perlakuan tikus yang melahirkan sekali dan melahirkan dua kali. Tiap perlakuan terdiri atas kontrol tanpa ekstrak pelawan, tikus diberikan ekstrak pelawan dengan dosis 50 mg/kg BB, 100 mg/kg BB, dan 150 mg/kg BB secara peroral. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah anak dan bobot anak pada induk melahirkan dua kali mengalami peningkatan pada dosis 50 mg. Jumlah anak dan bobot anak pada induk melahirkan sekali mengalami penurunan pada dosis 100 mg. Konsentrasi estrogen pada semua perlakuan mengalami penurunan di hari ke-3 dan meningkat di hari ke-5. Konsentrasi estrogen pada dosis 100 mg memiliki kadar tertinggi dibandingkan dosis 50 mg dan 150 mg. Bobot ovarium mengalami penurunan di hari ke-3 dan meningkat di hari ke-5. Induk melahirkan dua kali dengan dosis 100 mg mengalami peningkatan bobot ovarium dibandingkan dengan dosis lain. Senyawa bioaktif ekstrak Pelawan mempengaruhi jumlah anak, bobot anak, kadar estrogen, dan bobot ovarium. Diduga, senyawa antioksidan pada ekstrak mempengaruhi kinerja hormon pertumbuhan dan faktor pertumbuhan untuk menghasilkan LH dan FSH di kelenjar pituitari.
INOVASI PENGOLAHAN BELIMBING DESA MOJO MELALUI KKN TEMATIK SEBAGAI UPAYA PEMULIHAN PEREKONOMIAN PASCA PANDEMI COVID 19
Authors: Anggraini Fetrika , Mansur Ahmad , Izza Yogi Prana 
Published: March 2022

Pandemi memicu resesi ekonomi dan pertanian. Upaya pemulihan krisis ekonomi dapat meningkatkan pengolahan, utamanya produk kearifan lokal melalui KKN. Potensi yang dikembangkan di desa Mojo kecamatan Kalitidu merupakan potensi desa wisata sebagai sentral buah. Namun permasalahan timbul ketika terjadi panen. Belimbing melimpah, harga rendah dan memiliki umur simpan pendek, akan mengalami kebusukan. Hal ini merugikan petani, sehingga perlu inovasi baru agar belimbing dapat dinikmati di luar musim seperti olahan selai. Tujuan dalam pengabdian ini adalah memulihkan perekonomian desa Mojo pasca pandemi covid melalui pengolahan selai belimbing. Metode penyelesaian masalah dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini terdiri dari beberapa tahapan yaitu observasi, studi literatur dan dilanjutkan dengan pelatihan pembuatan selai belimbing bersama warga sekitar dengan jumlah peserta 80 orang dan dilanjutkan dengan pelatihan pengemasan hingga selesai. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah produk inovasi pengolahan buah belimbing menjadi selai. Selain itu kegiatan pelatihan bersama warga menjadi pengetahuan baru sehingga dapat diterapkan secara mandiri oleh warga desa Mojo dalam berwirausaha. Dengan terciptanya produk baru dari olahan belimbing diharapkan dapat memberikan manfaat bagi masyarakat sebagai pengetahuan baru, dan dapat meningkatkan nilai jual belimbing dari periode sebelumnya.