bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Topical application of imatinib mesylate suppresses vitamin D3 analog‐induced dermatitis in Balb/c mice
Authors: Seshimo Harutaka , Egusa Chizu , Maeda Tatsuo , Numata Takafumi , Okubo Yukari , Harada Kazutoshi , Ito Tomonobu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAtopic dermatitis (AD) is an allergic disease mediated by Th2 cells. In AD, externally stimulated keratinocytes release inflammatory cytokines, such as IL‐33 and TSLP. Inflammatory cells infiltrate skin tissue and increase vascular permeability. Therefore, we hypothesized that imatinib mesylate (IMT), which suppresses vascular permeability, may be a candidate therapeutic agent for AD. A vitamin D3 analog (MC903) was administered daily to both ears of Balb/c mice to create a murine AD model to which IMT was applied. The skin lesions were evaluated histopathologically and by immunostaining. Cytokine expression in the skin was assessed by using real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunostaining and was investigated using Evans Blue to determine whether IMT suppressed vascular permeability due to histamine. The suppressive effect of TNF‐α/IL‐4‐induced TSLP expression in primary mouse keratinocytes (MKCs) treated with IMT was then investigated. Tslp gene and protein expression in the lesion was measured using real‐time PCR and ELISA. The activation of signal transduction was analysed by western blotting. Topical application of IMT significantly reduced ear thickness, Evans blue leakage, and scratch onset. IMT suppressed the number of infiltrating cells (CD4+ T cells, eosinophils, and basophils), and the expression of IL‐13, IL‐33, and TSLP in a MC903‐induced, murine AD model and inhibited TNF‐α/IL‐4‐induced TSLP expression via downregulation of ERK phosphorylation in MKCs. IMT reduced the skin symptoms in a MC903‐induced, murine AD model, suggesting that it may have potential as a new treatment for AD.
Tideglusib enhances odontogenic differentiation in human dental pulp stem cellsin vitro
Authors: Kornsuthisopon Chatvadee , Tompkins Kevin A. , Osathanon Thanaphum 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimTideglusib is a small molecule agonist of the canonical Wnt pathway. The present study investigated the influence of Tideglusib on human dental pulp stem cell (hDPSC) proliferation, apoptosis, migration and odonto/osteogenic differentiation.MethodologyhDPSCs were treated with 50, 100 nM or 200 nM Tideglusib. β‐catenin accumulation was detected by immunofluorescence staining. Colony‐forming unit ability was assessed by staining with Coomassie blue. Cell cycle progression and cell apoptosis were investigated using flow cytometry. Cell migration was examined using anin vitrowound‐healing assay. Osteogenic differentiation was examined using alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, alizarin red S staining and osteogenic‐related gene expression. The gene expression profile was examined using a high‐throughput RNA sequencing technique. All experiments were repeated using cells derived from at least four different donors (n = 4). The Mann–WhitneyU‐test was used to identify significant differences between two independent group comparisons. For three or more group comparisons, statistical differences were assessed using the Kruskal–Wallis test followed by pairwise comparison. The significance level was set at 5% (p < .05).ResultsTideglusib activated the Wnt signalling pathway in hDPSCs as demonstrated by an increase in cytoplasmic β‐catenin accumulation and nuclear translocation. Tideglusib did not affect hDPSC proliferation, cell cycle progression, cell apoptosis or cell migration. In contrast, 50 and 100 nM Tideglusib significantly enhanced mineralization and osteogenic marker gene expression (RUNX2,ALP,BMP2andDSPP;p < .05).ConclusionsTideglusib enhanced the odonto/osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs. Therefore, incorporating this bioactive molecule in a pulp‐capping material could be a promising strategy to promote dentine repair.
CREDIT, DEFAULT, AND OPTIMAL HEALTH INSURANCE
Authors: Jang Youngsoo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractI study how credit and default affect optimal health insurance, constructing a life‐cycle model of health investment with a strategic default option on emergency room bills and financial debts. The model is calibrated to the U.S. economy and used to compare the optimal policy for Medicaid by the availability of the default option and credit. I find that strategic default induces the optimal policy to be more redistributive. With (Without) the option, the optimal income threshold for Medicaid eligibility is 44% (25%) of the average income. In these findings, the interaction between strategic default and preventative medical spending is important.
The puzzles of daily life: The temporal orders of families when parents have non‐standard work schedules
Authors: Siippainen Anna , Närvi Johanna , Alasuutari Maarit 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article investigates the temporal orders of families as the daily rhythms and schedules when one or both parents work non‐standard hours. Our focus is especially on the often asynchronous times of non‐standard work, on one hand, and of early childhood education and care (ECEC) services and other institutions, on the other hand. The data consist of semi‐structured qualitative interviews of Finnish parents with a four‐year‐old child. The results show that the asynchronous times generated by non‐standard working hours cause a wide range of collisions both in relation to childcare and ECEC and to the division of labour between parents. The parents are ‘wrestling’, not only because of the asynchrony of their own work but also because of the ‘pedagogical rhythm’ created by ECEC professionals. However, the parents also find ways to manage time, facilitated by workplace flexibility or spousal negotiations over the sharing of responsibilities.
Experiences of undergoing venous leg ulcer management: A reflective lifeworld research study
Authors: Rosenburg Marcus , Lindqvist Gunilla , Tuvesson Hanna , Fagerström Cecilia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractVenous leg ulcers have multiple consequences for the patient. Ulcer management can be lengthy and recurrence is common. As the patient is the expert on their experiences and life, the aim of the present study was to describe patients' lived experiences of undergoing management for a venous leg ulcer. The study encompassed 16 phenomenological interviews. The analysis led to a description of the phenomenon's essence, further described by three constituents. The essential meaning of the phenomenon is described as being in an oscillation between hope and despair. Ulcer management is challenging for the patient, who feels unseen and lives with doubts during the management period. This study is considered enriching as it puts words to the patients' suffering during ulcer management and shows that reliable relationships and competence can reduce patient doubts. This knowledge should enable improvement of patient care and treatment during ulcer management.
Threatened by wildfires: What do firms disclose in their 10‐Ks?
Authors: Griffin Paul A. , Jiang Yijing , Sun Estelle Y. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe examine the determinants of firms’ 10‐K disclosures on the threat of and exposure to wildfires. We match the location of wildfires in the United States to firms in the same county as the wildfire. We first establish that wildfire disclosure is far from widespread. On average, 6.1% of firms with wildfires in their headquarters county mention wildfire information in their 10‐Ks. Second, we find that the number of wildfire days in a company's headquarters county is a key determinant of wildfire disclosure. The sensitivity of wildfire disclosure to wildfire exposure has also increased in recent years, emanating mainly from firms having experienced wildfires impacting their past operations and in the western states and the utility and banking industries, and from those exhibiting a high level of tangible assets. Third, we find that wildfire exposure has no bearing on stock price, whereas more wildfire‐related disclosure lowers stock price.
Proxy contests and debt contracting behavior: The interplay of managerial, shareholder and creditor incentives
Authors: Chen Jun , Jain Bharat A. , Huang Jian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe evaluate how heterogeneity in the strategic interplay among shareholder, creditor and manager incentives influences debt contracting behavior around proxy contests. We find that, after proxy contests, new loan originations have significantly higher spreads and more stringent non‐pricing contracting terms. The effect, however, occurs largely in contest firms where Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) are provided with risk‐taking incentives. Further, creditors’ simultaneous equity holdings and credit default swaps (CDS) trading attenuate the impact of proxy contests on debt contracting costs. Finally, proxy contests that culminate in voting and dissident victory experience the largest increase in loan pricing. Overall, our results suggest an increase in the agency cost of debt occurs after proxy contests, particularly when managerial risk‐taking incentives are high, and when creditors do not simultaneously hold target firms’ equity or CDS.
Bacteroides plebeius improves muscle wasting in chronic kidney disease by modulating the gut‐renal muscle axis
Authors: Pei Tingting , Zhu Daoqi , Yang Sixia , Hu Rong , Wang Fujing , Zhang Jiaxing , Yan Shihua , Ju Liliang , He Zhuoen , Han Zhongxiao , He Jinyue , Yan Yangtian , Wang Mingqing , Xiao Wei , Ma Yun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractChronic kidney disease (CKD) affects approximately 10% of the global population. Muscle atrophy occurs in patients with almost all types of CKD, and the gut microbiome is closely related to protein consumption during chronic renal failure (CRF). This study investigated the effects of Bacteroides plebeius on protein energy consumption in rats with CKD, and our results suggest that Bacteroides plebeius may combat muscle atrophy through the Mystn/ActRIIB/SMAD2 pathway. A total of 5/6 Nx rats were used as a model of muscle wasting in CKD. The rats with muscle wasting were administered Bacteroides plebeius (2 × 108 cfu/0.2 ml) for 8 weeks. The results showed that Bacteroides plebeius administration significantly inhibited muscle wasting in CKD. High‐throughput 16 S rRNA pyrosequencing revealed that supplementation with Bacteroides plebeius rescued disturbances in the gut microbiota. Bacteroides plebeius could also enhance the barrier function of the intestinal mucosa. Bacteroides plebeius may modulate the gut microbiome and reduce protein consumption by increasing the abundance of probiotics and reducing damage to the intestinal mucosal barrier. Our findings suggest that Bacteroides plebeius may combat muscle atrophy through the Mystn/ActRIIB/SMAD2 pathway.
Novel insights into molecular mechanisms of vegetative cell cycle and resting cyst formation in Apodileptus cf. visscheri (Alveolata, Ciliophora)
Authors: Xu Jiahui , Shen Zhuo , Yu Minjie , Sheng Yalan , Yi Zhenzhen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCiliates usually with big cell sizes, complex morphological structures, and diverse life cycles, are good model organisms for studying cell proliferation regulation of eukaryotes. Up to date, the molecular regulation mechanisms for the vegetative cell cycle and encystment of these ciliates are poorly understood. Here, transcriptomes of Apodileptus cf. visscheri, which has an asexual vegetative cell cycle and is apt to encyst when environmental conditions become unfavorable, were sequenced to enrich our related knowledge. In this study, three replicates were sequenced for each of four cell stages, including initial period of growth, morphogenesis, cell division, and resting cyst. The significant transcription differences, involving cell cycle, biosynthesis, and energy metabolism pathways, were revealed between the resting cyst and vegetative cell cycle. Further investigations showed that the cell cycle pathway was enriched during morphogenesis stage and cell division stage. Compared to the initial period of growth stage, the differentially expressed genes involved in cellular components and molecular function were significantly enriched during cell division stage, while cellular components and biological processes were significantly enriched during morphogenesis stage. These provide novel insights into a comprehensive understanding at the molecular level of the survival and adaptive mechanism of unicellular eukaryotes.
Effect of different thermal and non‐thermal pre‐treatments on bioactive compounds of aqueous ginger extract obtained using vacuum‐assisted conductive drying system
Authors: Lakshmipathy Kavitha , Thirunavookarasu Nirmal , Kalathil Najma , Chidanand Duggonahally Veeresh , Rawson Ashish , Sunil Chikkaballapur Krishnappa 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe current study investigates the effect of microwave (MW), Ohmic heating (OH), and ultrasound (US) pre‐treatments on the extraction of bioactive compounds and the drying kinetics of ginger using a vacuum‐assisted conductive drying system. The US pre‐treatment produced acoustic cavitation, and microstreaming in ginger slices which enhanced the total phenolic content and radical scavenging activity of 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (i.e., 14.83 ± 0.03 mg GAE/ml and 57.37 ± 0.00%) in obtained aqueous ginger extract (AGE). Similarly, OH pre‐treatment improved the total flavonoids content (i.e., 8.99 ± 0.01 mg QE/ml) of the acquired AGE. The pre‐treatments modified the surface of ginger which eventually led to better moisture diffusivity ratio of 2.58E−08 and 2.01E−08. Furthermore, the GCMS analysis of OH pretreated AGE reported more bioactive compounds compared to MW, US, and control. The major bioactive compounds reported were linalool, neral, geraniol, endo‐borneol, and 2,4 di‐tert‐butyl‐phenol which possess several therapeutic benefits. Thus, the US and OH pre‐treatments effectively enhanced the drying and extraction of bioactive compounds from ginger. Further studies are warranted on the obtained extract to understand its maximum potential for application in food and pharmaceutical industry.Practical applicationsThe ginger extract collected while drying can be used as a flavoring agent or can be incorporated into drinks to enrich the bioactive compounds. The GCMS results indicate that volatile compounds entrapped in the condensate collected contains bioactive components with antioxidant properties. These bioactive compounds can be further studied for their potential health benefits in humans. Thus, this condensate obtained using vacuum‐assisted conductive drying system helps in utilizing the nutrients that are lost and goes unutilized during drying in many industries.
Is it really that important to you? How the topics of conflict and emotional reactions to conflicts explain the associations between attachment insecurities and relationship satisfaction
Authors: Dugal Caroline , Brassard Audrey , Lussier Yvan , Péloquin Katherine 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study sought to examine the intermediary roles of different topics of conflict and negative emotions following conflicts in the associations between attachment insecurities and relationship satisfaction in a sample of 253 mixed‐gender couples from the community. Results from path analyses based on the Actor–Partner Interdependence Model showed that attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance were associated with the perception, in both partners, of experiencing more conflicts in the relationship. In turn, the more participants perceived conflicts related to major issues and daily annoyances, the more they reported negative emotions following conflicts and lower relationship satisfaction. Participants’ report of conflicts related to major issues was also related to their partner's lower relationship satisfaction. Findings highlight the significance of accounting for the topics on which couples argue and of using an attachment‐based framework to help couples deal with the negative emotions that they experience following conflicts.
Association between cash transfer programs and oral health—A scoping review
Authors: Colvara Beatriz Carriconde , Singh Ankur , Gupta Adyya , Celeste Roger Keller , Hilgert Juliana Balbinot 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe aims of this scoping review are to assess the literature investigating the association between cash transfer programs and oral health; and to identify the theoretical frameworks applied to guide this literature.MethodsA search strategy to identify studies published until December 2020 was applied to a range of databases. Observational and interventional studies that had cash transfer programs as exposure/intervention and oral health as outcome were considered. Dental health services utilization, as well as access to dental health services, were considered secondary outcomes. Cash transfer programs were considered programs based on conditional or unconditional cash transfer carried out as part of national social protection schemes, and interventional studies on the impact of cash transfer on oral health were also considered eligible. Data charting was performed in two steps and a narrative synthesis was conducted.ResultsOf 6344 articles identified, four articles were included. These articles investigated three different conditional cash transfer programs, Universal Child Allowance (Argentina), Bolsa Família (Brazil) and Family Rewards (USA). Inconsistencies were identified in findings on the effect of conditional cash transfer programs on the prevalence of dental caries and these differences may be due to the comparison group selected for each study. Concerning dental visits, the results point in different directions, which makes these findings still inconclusive. No explicit theoretical framework was reported in the articles to guide the expected association.ConclusionAlthough cash transfers play an important role in improving certain health outcomes, there is limited evidence to suggest an association between cash transfers and oral health.
Study on the prediction model of basic components on the quality of buckwheat noodles
Authors: Zhang Huiyu , Fan Mingcong , Li Yan , Wang Li , Qian Haifeng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe sensory quality of noodles is the key factor in determining consumers' acceptance, and the physicochemical properties can reflect the quality of noodles. In this study, the rheological and thermodynamic properties, noodle quality indexes, and molecular and structural parameters were characterized by adding different levels of buckwheat flour. Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between physicochemical indexes and basic components of noodles. A comprehensive evaluation model was established by the combination of principal component analysis (PCA) and regression analysis (RA) to evaluate the sensory quality of noodles. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between the physicochemical indexes and the basic components. The two principal components extracted by PCA could explain 89.4% of the total variance of the data. RA showed that the comprehensive evaluation value of the principal component model had a very significant negative correlation with the total score of sensory evaluation (R2 = 0.94). In conclusion, this work demonstrated that PCA and RA as an objective protocol had great potential in predicting the sensory quality of noodles.
Disability, program access, empathy and burnout in US medical students: A national study
Authors: Meeks Lisa M. , Pereira‐Lima Karina , Plegue Melissa , Jain Neera R. , Stergiopoulos Erene , Stauffer Catherine , Sheets Zoie , Swenor Bonnelin K. , Taylor Nichole , Addams Amy N. , Moreland Christopher J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study is to investigate whether self‐disclosed disability and self‐reported program access are associated with measures of empathy and burnout in a national sample of US medical students.MethodsThe authors obtained data from students who responded to the Association of Medical Colleges (AAMC) Year 2 Questionnaire (Y2Q) in 2019 and 2020. Data included demographic characteristics, personal variables, learning environment indicators, measures of burnout (Oldenburg Burnout Inventory for Medical Students), empathy (Interpersonal Reactivity Index) and disability‐related questions, including self‐reported disability, disability category and program access. Associations between disability status, program access, empathy and burnout were assessed using multivariable logistic regression models accounting for YQ2 demographic, personal‐related and learning environment measures.ResultsOverall, 23 898 (54.2%) provided disability data and were included. Of those, 2438 (10.2%) self‐reported a disability. Most medical students with disabilities (SWD) self‐reported having program access through accommodations (1215 [49.8%]) or that accommodations were not required for access (824 [33.8%]). Multivariable models identified that compared with students without disabilities, SWD with and without program access presented higher odds of high exhaustion (1.50 [95% CI, 1.34–1.69] and 2.59 [95% CI, 1.93–3.49], respectively) and lower odds of low empathy (0.75 [95% CI, 0.67–.85] and 0.68 [95% CI, 0.52–0.90], respectively). In contrast, multivariable models for disengagement identified that SWD reporting lack of program access presented higher odds of high disengagement compared to students without disabilities (1.43 [95% CI, 1.09–1.87], whereas SWD with program access did not (1.09 [95% CI, 0.97–1.22]).ConclusionsDespite higher odds of high exhaustion, SWD were less likely to present low empathy regardless of program access, and SWD with program access did not differ from students without disabilities in terms of disengagement. These findings add to our understanding of the characteristics and experiences of SWD including their contributions as empathic future physicians.
The blackgrass genome reveals patterns of non‐parallel evolution of polygenic herbicide resistance
Authors: Cai Lichun , Comont David , MacGregor Dana , Lowe Claudia , Beffa Roland , Neve Paul , Saski Christopher 
Published: December 2022

Summary
Globally, weedy plants are a major constraint to sustainable crop production. Much of the success of weeds rests with their ability to rapidly adapt in the face of human‐mediated management of agroecosystems. Alopecurus myosuroides (blackgrass) is a widespread and impactful weed affecting agriculture in Europe.
Here we report a chromosome‐scale genome assembly of blackgrass and use this reference genome to explore the genomic/genetic basis of non‐target site herbicide resistance (NTSR). Based on our analysis of F2 seed families derived from two distinct blackgrass populations with the same NTSR phenotype, we demonstrate that the trait is polygenic and evolves from standing genetic variation.
We present evidence that selection for NTSR has signatures of both parallel and non‐parallel evolution. There are parallel and non‐parallel changes at the transcriptional level of several stress‐ and defence‐responsive gene families. At the genomic level, however, the genetic loci underpinning NTSR are different (non‐parallel) between seed families.
We speculate that variation in the number, regulation and function of stress‐ and defence‐related gene families enable weedy species to rapidly evolve NTSR via exaptation of genes within large multi‐functional gene families. These results provide novel insights into the potential for, and nature of plant adaptation in rapidly changing environments.