bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
„Moi Panowie, jedziemy na manewry!” Przygotowanie zmotoryzowanych oddziałów armii austro-węgierskiej do działań wojennych
Authors: Gaweł Robert 
Published: July 2022

Wraz z pojawieniem się w kręgu zainteresowań wojskowych elit pojazdów mechanicznych uruchomiony został cały zestaw działań mających na celu wprowadzenie ich do służby wojskowej. Mechanizm działania podobny był we wszystkich armiach świata. Różnice polegały tylko na ich intensywności. Po pierwszych testach i szkoleniach kadry najważniejszym sprawdzianem było użycie samochodów i motocykli w trakcie manewrów. To one pozwalały w najpełniejszy sposób sprawdzić zarówno same pojazdy, stopień wyszkolenia kadry, jak też ich współgranie z niezmotoryzowanymi formacjami.
W monarchii austro-węgierskiej pierwsze testy samochodów miały miejsce jeszcze pod koniec XIX w. W 1896 r. sprawdzano samochód osobowy, a w 1898 przeprowadzono długotrwałe próby pierwszego samochodu ciężarowego. Po tych pierwszych testach samochody zaczęły rokrocznie brać udział w różnego szczebla manewrach wojskowych. Z przyczyn oczywistych najwięcej ich pojawiało się na organizowanych co roku manewrach cesarskich.
Motorem napędowym motoryzacji armii austro-węgierskiej był Robert Wolf, oficer artylerii oddelegowany w 1904 r. do kierowania nowo utworzonym Wydziałem Samochodowym przy Komitecie Wojskowo-Technicznym. To z jego inicjatywy doszło do testowania najważniejszych rozwiązań technicznych: samochodu wyposażonego w wyciągarkę linową jego pomysłu, tzw. pociągów drogowych, pojazdów z napędem na wszystkie osie, oraz pierwszego samochodu pancernego skonstruowanego w wiedeńskich zakładach Daimlera.
Mimo tych wszystkich starań ostatecznie armia austro-węgierska przystąpiła do działań wojennych w 1914 r. bez odpowiednio zmotoryzowanych oddziałów. Przyczyn takiego stanu było wiele, ale podstawowym wydaje się niechęć do pojazdów mechanicznych znaczącej części elit wojskowych oraz wysokie koszty związane z zakupem oraz eksploatacją samych pojazdów.
SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 escape from mRNA vaccine-elicited neutralizing antibodies
Authors: Gupta Ravindra , Collier Dami , De Marco Anna , Ferreira Isabella , Meng Bo , Datir Rawlings , Walls Alexandra , Kemp Steven , Bassi Jessica , Pinto Dora , Silacci-Fregni Chiara , Bianchi Siro , Tortorici M. Alejandra , Bowen John , Culap Katja , Jaconi Stefano , Cameroni Elisabetta , Snell Gyorgy , Pizzuto Matteo , Pallanda Allessandra , Gorzoni Christian , Riva Agostino , Elmer Anne ,   The CITIID-NIHR BioResource COVID-19 Collaboration, Graves Barbara , McCoy Laura , Smith Ken , Bradley John , Thaventhiran James ,   Lourdes Ceron-Gutierrez1, Barcenas-Morales Gabriela , Virgin Herbert , Lanzavecchia Antonio , Piccoli Luca , Doffinger Rainer , Wills Mark , Veesler David , Corti Davide 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 transmission is uncontrolled in many parts of the world, compounded in some areas by higher transmission potential of the B1.1.7 variant now seen in 50 countries. It is unclear whether responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines based on the prototypic strain will be impacted by mutations found in B.1.1.7. Here we assessed immune responses following vaccination with mRNA-based vaccine BNT162b2. We measured neutralising antibody responses following a single immunization using pseudoviruses expressing the wild-type Spike protein or the 8 mutations found in the B.1.1.7 Spike protein. The vaccine sera exhibited a broad range of neutralizing titres against the wild-type pseudoviruses (<1:4 to 3449) that were reduced against B.1.1.7 variant by 3.85 fold (IQR 2.68-5.28). This reduction was also evident in sera from some convalescent patients. Decreased B.1.1.7 neutralization was also observed with monoclonal antibodies targeting the N-terminal domain (9 out of 10), the Receptor Binding Motif (RBM) (5 outof 29), but not in neutralizing mAbs binding outside the RBM. Introduction of the E484K mutation in a B.1.1.7 background led to a further loss of neutralizing activity by vaccine-elicited antibodies over that conferred by the B.1.1.7 mutations alone. Further work is needed to establish the impact of these observations on protective vaccine efficacy in the context of the evolving B.1.1.7 lineage that will likely acquire E484K.
Revealing Anticonvulsant Potential of Grewia tiliaefolia in Pentylenetetrazole induced Epilepsy in mice: In vitro, in vivo and, in silico analysis
Authors: Rajput Ankita , Sharma Palvi , Kumar Nitish , Singh Hasandeep , Singh Tanveer , Singh Sharabjit , Bedi Preet Mohinder Singh , Singh Balbir , Kaur Sarabjit , Arora Saroj 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Epilepsy is a chronic disease that affects millions of people worldwide and also a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Available antiepileptic drugs have series of side effects which encouraged us to explore different medicinal plants used against neurological disorders in traditional Indian medicinal system (TIMS). Therefore, we explored the antiepileptic potential of the Grewia tiliaefolia (Tiliaeceae) known for its neuroprotective properties in TIMS. Initially, aerial parts of G. tiliaefolia were subjected to extraction with increasing order of polarity viz. hexane, chloroform and methanol. Antioxidant potential of hexane, chloroform and methanol extracts of G. tiliaefolia was evaluated by DPPH, total antioxidant assay, reducing power assay and DNA nicking assay. Additionally, quantitative antioxidant assays were also conducted to quantify total phenolic and total flavonoid content. The methanol extract was found to possess very high antioxidant activity; therefore, its anticonvulsant potential was explored in PTZ induced epilepsy in mice. The methanol extract had shown significant anticonvulsant activity at 400 mg/kg. It had significantly increased the latency to occurrence of myoclonic jerks, generalized tonic clonic seizures (GTCS) and significantly decreased the duration of the GTCS and seizure severity score. The Grewia tiliaefolia methanol extract was further screened by HPLC for detection of polyphenolic compounds, among which gallic acid and kaempferol were present in higher amount and were further analyzed by in silico study to predict their possible binding sites and type of interactions these compounds show with gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) receptor and glutamate α amino-3- hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor. It was revealed that gallic acid and kaempferol had shown agonistic interaction with GABA receptor and antagonistic interaction with Glutamate AMPA receptor. We concluded that G. tiliaefolia showed potent anticonvulsant potential due to the significant antioxidant activity possibly because of gallic acid and kaempferol.
Percutaneously inserted ventriculoureteral shunt as a salvage treatment in pediatric hydrocephalus: a technical note
Authors: Sandvik Ulrika , Bartek Jiri , Edström Erik , Jönsson Mattias , Stenman Jakob 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Hydrocephalus is a challenge for pediatric neurosurgeons. When the abdominal cavity and heart fail as diversion sites for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), many of the otherwise used alternative diversion sites are not feasible due to the smaller physical body size of children and infants. Using the urinary system as a site of diversion has been described in adults primarily.Objective: To describe a minimally invasive procedure to percutaneously access the ureter for placement of a distal catheter in the treatment of pediatric hydrocephalusMethods: A percutaneous ultrasound-assisted technique, was used to access the renal pelvis for catheter placement into the distal ureter.Results: Fifteen months after the surgery the child has a stable neurological condition and adequately managed hydrocephalus.Conclusion: The urinary tract should be considered a viable option for CSF diversion in complex pediatric hydrocephalus. A multidisciplinary approach consisting of interventional radiologists, urologists and neurosurgeons should be involved in the evaluation of potential candidates.
Study on three-dimensional slope stability analysis method based on perturbation isosurface
Authors: Shi Chong , Ma Jincheng , Zhou Yuxian , Zhang Yiping , Pian Junbao 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Three-dimensional slope stability analysis is a difficult point in the field of slope stability analysis in geotechnical engineering, and it is of theoretical and practical significance to use three-dimensional methods for slope stability analysis. Firstly, use the existing continuous numerical simulation platform to establish a numerical model of the slope, and then a tiny disturbance is applied to the balanced slope. The displacement isosurface generated after the disturbance is regarded as the potential sliding surface. Finally, calculate the stability safety factor of multiple potential sliding surfaces, the minimum value is the slope safety factor, and the corresponding sliding surface is the critical sliding surface. The results show that the three-dimensional slope stability analysis method based on the perturbation equivalence surface can accurately and efficiently obtain the most dangerous sliding surface and safety factor, which is reasonable and straightforward, has strong logic, clear physical meaning, and the critical sliding surface obtained is consistent with the actual project. The research results can provide new ideas for calculating three-dimensional slope stability in geotechnical engineering.
Alterations in gut microbiota associated with lymphocyte subsets, cytokines, and disease activity in ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Song Zi-yi , Zhang Sheng-Xiao , Qiao Jun , Zhao Rong , Wang Yi-Fei , Song Shan , Wang Cai-Hong , Gao Chong , Li Xiao-Feng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: This study investigated gut microbiota characteristics and their associations with lymphocyte subsets, cytokines, and disease activity in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Fecal DNA from 62 AS patients and 62 healthy controls (HCs) was subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The absolute numbers of peripheral lymphocyte subsets were detected by flow cytometry, while the serum levels of cytokines were tested by cytokine bead arrays. Results: The gut microbiota diversity was significantly decreased in AS patients, compared to HCs. Proteobacteria and Patescibacteria were more abundant in AS patients than in HCs; Firmicutes, Fusobacteriota, Verrucomicrobiota, Synergistota, and Campilobacterota were less abundant in AS patients than in HCs. At the genus level, the abundances of Escherichia–Shigella were increased in AS patients compared to HCs; in contrast, the abundances of Faecalibacterium, Prevotella, Agathobacter, Roseburia, and Dialister were decreased in AS patients. The linear discriminant analysis effect size indicated that Enterobacterales was the most significant order in AS patients. The relative abundances of Agathobacter, Ruminococcus, Prevotella, and CAG–352 were correlated with lymphocyte subsets and cytokine levels; the relative abundances of Faecalibacterium, Klebsiella, and Roseburia were correlated with disease activity. In addition, specific gut microbiota were significantly correlated with peripheral blood cell count, age, and body mass index. Conclusions: The gut microbiota in AS patients differed from the gut microbiota in HCs; changes in bacterial communities were associated with the immune profile that contributes to AS pathogenesis.
Polygenic risk scores associated with tumor immune infiltration in common cancers
Authors: Choi Jungyoon , Kim Jung Sun , Sung Hwa Jung , Chen Yu-Wei , Chen Zhishan , Wen Wanqing , Shu Xiao-ou , Guo Xingyi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
It is largely unknown whether genetic susceptibility contributes to tumor immune infiltration in common cancers. We systematically investigated the association between polygenic risk scores (PRS) and tumor immune infiltration in common cancers.
Methods
We constructed PRS for common cancers using the risk variants identified in previous genome-wide association studies. We analyzed 139 immune traits predicted by previous studies by examining gene expression data in tumor tissues from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We applied multivariable regression analyses to evaluate the associations between PRS and immune traits for each cancer overall and stratified by intrinsic molecular subtypes for breast cancer and stage.
Results
We included 2,160 pathologically confirmed cases of breast, colorectal, lung, ovarian, pancreatic, and prostate cancers in the White population. At a nominal (P < 0.05) significance level, we identified 31 significant associations between PRS and immune traits in prostate cancer (14), colorectal cancer (5), breast cancer (4), lung squamous cell carcinoma (4), lung adenocarcinoma (2), ovarian cancer (1), and pancreatic cancer (1). In the analyses stratified by intrinsic molecular subtypes for breast cancer, we identified 35 significant associations, including 31 associations that were undetected by the overall analysis. In the analyses stratified by stage for breast, colorectal, lung adenocarcinoma, and lung squamous cell carcinoma, we identified 65 significant associations, including 56 associations that were undetected by the overall analysis.
Conclusions
This study shows the evidence of PRS affecting immune infiltration and provides novel insights into the role of genetic susceptibility in the immune responses underlying cancer development and prognosis.
Effect of High and Low Doses of Vitamin D on Insulin Resistance in Healthy Women
Authors: AlGhamdi Shareefa , AlHarthi Hanan , Khoja Sawsan , AlJefri Amin , AlShaibi Huda F. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Vitamin D has been traditionally involved in regulation of bone homeostasis. However, vitamin D has also been linked clinically to various diseases including metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of low and high doses of vitamin D supplement on serum level of vitamin D and insulin resistance. A total of 120 females were recruited in this study and supplemented weekly with 25,000 IU vitamin D or 50.000 IU vitamin D for three months. Anthropometric measurements were measured at the beginning of the study. Blood samples were collected at the beginning of the study to determine the baseline of the clinical variables and collecting again after three months. Insulin resistance was measured using HOMA-IR. After vitamin D supplement, a significant increase observed in serum levels of vitamin D in group treated with low dose of vitamin D (LDVD) and highly significant increase in group treated with high dose of vitamin D (HDVD). In a group treated with higher dose (HDVD), a significant improve in insulin sensitives was observed. High dose of vitamin D (50,000 IU) is more effective in both correcting blood level of vitamin D and improving the sensitivity of insulin.
Safety and efficacy of Tezepelumab vs placebo in adult patients with severe uncontrolled asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Abdelgalil Mahmoud Shaban , Awad Ahmed K. , Gad Eman Reda , Elrashedy Asmaa Ahmed , Ali Mahmoud M. , Farahat Ramadan Abdelmoez , Shawki Bassant Hassan , Abd-ElGawad Mohamed 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Patients with severe uncontrolled asthma still experience acute asthma symptoms and exacerbations, particularly those with non-eosinophilic inflammation who take the maximum amount of standard drug therapy. Tezepelumab, a human monoclonal antibody, can improve lung function and enhance control of asthma symptoms in those patients, regardless of the disease's baseline characteristics. This study explores the safety and efficacy of using tezepelumab in controlling severe symptoms of uncontrolled asthma.Methods and procedures: We performed a comprehensive literature search in several databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and clinicaltrial.gov, using a well-established search strategy to include all relevant publications. As our inclusion criteria, we looked for randomized controlled trials comparing tezepelumab versus placebo in patients with severe, uncontrolled asthma. We analysed the data using The Revman 5.4 programme software.Outcome and Results: The search identified 589 potential articles. After excluding studies inconsistent with selection criteria, four studies were included and analysed qualitatively and quantitatively. The pooled effect demonstrated the better performance of tezepelumab over the placebo regarding the decrease in Annualized asthma exacerbation rate (MD =-0.74, p<0.00001)), Asthma Control Questionnaire-6 (ACQ-6) Score MD = -0.32, p<0.00001), Blood eosinophil count (MD = -139.38, p<0.00001), feNO (MD = -10, p=0.0008) and Serum IgE (MD = -123.51, p=0.004). All tezepelumab groups had higher pre-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second than the placebo group (MD=0.16, p0.00001).Conclusion: tezepelumab is effective and safe in lowering asthma exacerbations in individuals with severe uncontrolled asthma.
Difference of Perfluorooctanoate between polycystic ovary syndrome and diminished ovarian reserve in infertile individuals
Authors: Shen Haofei , Gao Min , Li Qiuyuan , Sun Huipeng , Jiang Yingdi , Liu Lihong , Wu Jingyuan , Wang Liyan , Yu Xiao , Zhang Xuehong , Jia Tianyu , Wang Yiqing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of PFOA concentration in follicular fluid during IVF.Design: ProspectiveSetting: University hospitalPatients: The study enrolled 25 patients with DOR, 25 patients with NOR and 25 patients with PCOS from a single center.Interventions: None.Main Outcome: The results of in vitro fertilization, embryo quality and PFOA concentration in follicular fluid. Measures: Follicular fluid samples were analyzed by the UPLC-MS/MS.Results: The PFOA level of follicular fluid in DOR group were higher than that in NOR group and PCOS group(P<0.05). PFOA concentration in PCOS group was negatively correlated with good-quality embryo (P<0.05).Conclusions: PFOA affects ovarian reserve and has a negative impact on embryo development during IVF.
Topical Recombinant Human Nerve Growth Factor for Management of Refractory Epithelial Keratopathy
Authors: Dai Xi , Zhu Xi , Karakus Sezen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Severe epithelial keratopathy refractory to conventional dry eye treatment in the absence of discomfort symptoms should raise suspicion for neurotrophic corneal changes. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of topical recombinant human nerve growth factor (rhNGF) eye drops in managing refractory epithelial keratopathy with neurotrophic features. This was a retrospective case series study on patients treated with topical rhNGF for refractory epithelial keratopathy due to stage I neurotrophic keratitis (NK) at a single institution. Data regarding demographics and ocular/systemic medical history was extracted from patient charts. Visual acuity and corneal staining scores were recorded at baseline and follow-up visits, along with treatment side effects. We included 26 eyes of 14 patients with refractory epithelial keratopathy. After an 8-week treatment course, the median corneal staining score in the worse eye decreased from 4 to 1 (p=0.001). All patients showed at least one-grade improvement in corneal staining with complete or near-complete resolution in at least one eye at 8 weeks, sustained in 7 patients at three months. A better response was observed in eyes with post-radiation epithelial keratopathy, LASIK, and Sjogren's syndrome. Those with chronic use of other topical treatments and uncontrolled diabetes mellitus demonstrated incomplete responses. Eight patients reported mild to moderate ocular discomfort from drop application that fully resolved after completion of treatment. Topical rhNGF application was effective and safe in treating refractory epithelial keratopathy due to stage I NK in our cohort, although the effect was sustained only in some patients at three months. Further studies are needed to determine the optimum treatment regimen based on underlying etiology.
Numerical simulation of coal samples creep properties under graded loading conditions
Authors: Li Xiangchun , Zhuo Xuefei , Zhang Liang , Zhang Kai , Bai Shipeng , Zong Chenghao , Wang Yinqing , Xing Mingxiu , Yang Tao 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
To study the creep characteristics of coal samples under graded loading conditions, on the basis of the physical experiments, using FLAC3D software to numerical simulated the coal samples from different angles. The numerical simulation results show that the simulation results match with the physical experimental results in both strain magnitude or the general tendency of creep, which verifies the correctness and applicability of the customized numerical simulation model. Based on the above results, further research can be conducted that the coal creep characteristics under different conditions. It is found that the transverse strain magnitude at the top of the specimen is more obvious than bottom, which shows the process of stress transfer from top to bottom; the bulk modulus has less influence on the creep of specimen, and the creep of specimen decreases with the increase of bulk modulus under the same conditions; the shape has a great influence on the creep of specimen, the cylindrical specimen creep is much larger than the rectangular specimen creep under the same conditions; when the height of specimen increases, not only the creep magnitude increase of specimen, but also the creep degree of gradually increase. Hence, the conclusions attained can provide a good guidance to the analyse the creep of coal.
A novel autonomous weedicide spraying machine for row based crops for agricultural applications using embedded linux
Authors: Shanmugam Maheswaran , Shanmugam Sathesh , R.Duraisamy Gomathi , Samiappan Dhanalakshmi , Loganathan Ashok Kumar , Muthusamy Suresh , Panchal Hitesh , Lamba Ravita 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
An innovative approach to control the weeds by spraying the weedicide using ARM processor based single board credit card sized computer called Raspberry Pi with a selective spraying to reduce the wastage of chemicals was developed. The system was developed for precision spraying of weedicide using quantified information of the weeds from the image processing in Octave. This unit consists of a camera to capture the input image, Octave installed in a Raspberry Pi board and an autonomous robotic sprayer. The captured image was converted into gray scale then area thresholding was done to separate the crops and the weeds. The position of weed obtained from Octave was transferred to the microcontroller to control the sprayer movement by serial communication. Thus, the developed autonomous weeding system saves an amount of 48% of weedicide and provides an efficiency of 89%.