bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and in vitro antitumor activities of novel thioamide substituted piperazinyl‐1,2,4‐triazines
Authors: Sahin Zafer , Biltekin Sevde Nur , Ozansoy Mehmet , Hemiş Bervis , Ozansoy Muzaffer Beyza , Yurttaş Leyla , Berk Barkin , Demirayak Şeref 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTriazines are in great interest for their potential to mimic nucleoside analog compounds. Three different isomers exist including 1,2,3‐triazine, 1,3,5‐triazine (s‐triazine) and 1,2,4‐triazine. All of these skeletons were investigated. Among them, 5,6‐diaryltriazines were previously tested on MCF7 and other tumor cell lines. In this study, we have synthesized and characterized 9 novel 5,6‐diaryl‐1,2,4‐triazine derivatives (4a‐i) using 1HNMR, 13CNMR, and HRMS spectra. Contributing to the previous data, we tested our compounds on U87MG, C6 and SH‐SY5Y cell lines along with MCF7. We evaluated if these compounds affect CNS tumors in vitro, which cell lines have different protein profiles from MCF7 and mainly nucleosides are used as their antiproliferative agents. Briefly, compounds showed good antitumor activity on the C6 cell line with up to 50% inhibition for 7 of 9 compounds (4b, 4d‐i) at 50 μM. Additionally, compounds showed moderate activity on U87MG glioblastomas, compound 4a was the most active with 29.68 μM IC50. Compounds did not show significant activity on SH‐SY5Y cells. Cytotoxicity evaluation gave the results that the synthesized compounds show moderate cytotoxicity on NIH‐3T3 and severe cytotoxicity on HEK 293. The study leads the investigations of triazines with glioma cell lines.
Fatty acids secreted from head and neck cancer induce M2-like Macrophages
Authors: Albakri Marwah M , Huang Stanley Ching-Cheng , Tashkandi Hammad N , Sieg Scott F 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTumor-infiltrating monocytes can mature into Macrophages that support tumor survival or that display antitumor properties. To explore mechanisms steering Macrophage maturation, we assessed the effects of supernatants from squamous cell carcinoma cell lines (FaDu and SCC) on monocyte-derived Macrophage maturation. Purified monocytes were incubated in medium or medium supplemented with supernatants from FaDu and SCC9 or the leukemia monocytic cell line, THP-1. Macrophages were examined for markers of maturation (CD14, CD68), activation (HLA-DR, CD86, IL15R), scavenger receptor (CD36), toll-like receptor (TLR4), M2 marker (CD206), immune checkpoint (PD-L1), and intracellular chemokine expression (IP-10). Compared to other conditions, cells incubated with FaDu or SCC9 supernatants displayed enhanced survival, down-regulation of cell surface HLA-DR, CD86, IL-15R, CD36, and intracellular IP-10 expression, and increased cell surface PD-L1, CD14, and CD206 expression. Despite expressing TLR4 and CD14, Macrophages matured in tumor supernatants failed to respond to stimulation with the canonical TLR4 agonist, LPS. These changes were accompanied by a decrease in intracellular phospho-p38 expression in tumor supernatant conditioned Macrophages. Depletion of fatty acids from tumor supernatants or treatment of cell cultures with an inhibitor of fatty acid oxidation, Etomoxir, reversed a number of these phenotypic changes induced by tumor supernatants. Additionally, Macrophages incubated with either palmitic acid or oleic acid developed similar phenotypes as cells incubated in tumor supernatants. Together, these data suggest that fatty acids derived from tumor cells can mediate the maturation of Macrophages into a cell type with limited pro-inflammatory characteristics.
Crop residue return improved soil nitrogen availability by increasing amino acid and mineralization under appropriate N fertilization
Authors: Wang Zhi , Liu Zhitao , Hu Wei , Bai Hua , Ma Linjie , Lv Xiaobing , Zhou Zhiguo , Meng Yali 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSoil organic nitrogen (SON) and its mineralization are among the most critical factors that affect soil N availability. However, it is unclear how crop residue return and chemical N fertilization affect soil N availability by altering SON and its mineralization. Therefore, we studied the SON pools, SON mineralization, and related soil properties and enzymes activities in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Valley in China with stand ages of 7‐year N (0, 75, 150, and 300 kg N ha−1) fertilization and 4‐year barley‐cotton residue return. Regardless of residue retention or removal, the contents of total SON and its fractions (ammonium N, amino acid N, amino sugar N, and unidentified N) increased consistently with the increasing of N input, while SON mineralization, microbial biomass N content, urease and protease activities showed a curvilinear response that was highest at N rate of 150 kg N ha−1. Crop residue returning significantly increased SON content under 75 and 150 kg N ha−1, mostly due to the increase of amino acids N. Other variables, such as SON mineralization, microorganism, and enzymes, were also enhanced by residue returning, and the largest increases were observed at 150 kg N ha−1. In addition, our result also show that excessive N input (300 kg N ha−1) would reduce soil N availability by mainly suppressing microbial N processes. We concluded that crop residue combined with appropriate N has a great potential to improve soil N availability by mainly improving amino acid N content and SON mineralization.
Review of the Principles, Devices, Parameters, and Applications for Centrifugal Electrospinning
Authors: Chen Jia , Yu Zhongxun , Li Chenxi , Lv Yarong , Hong Song , Hu Ping , Liu Yong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNanofibers have received extensive attention in the fields of biomedicine, energy catalysis, environmental sciences, and filtration owing to their high specific surface area and controllable porosity. Electrospinning and centrifugal spinning are the two most effective methods for fabricating nanofibers. However, the low preparation efficiency of electrospinning limits the use of that technology in the large‐scale production of nanofibers. The morphology of nanofibers prepared by centrifugal spinning is slightly inferior to electrospinning. Centrifugal electrospinning has great industrial application potential. It is a new method for fabricating nanofibers formed by combining centrifugal and electrostatic forces. It can efficiently fabricate nanofibers with good alignment. In particular, the use of polymer melt as the spinning precursor for centrifugal electrospinning can effectively address the problem of solvent residue in the fiber. In this review, the working principle and device used for centrifugal electrospinning is introduced, the influence of different components of the spinning device on the spinning process is discussed, and the effects of spinning parameters on fiber properties are explained. Then, some applications of nanofibers fabricated are described by centrifugal electrospinning in various areas, including energy, biomedicine, and filtration. Finally, the challenges of centrifugal electrospinning are summarized, and a perspective on future research is provided.
Gene variants of unknown significance in Fabry disease: Clinical characteristics of c.376A>G (p.Ser126Gly)
Authors: Lau Kolja , Üçeyler Nurcan , Cairns Tereza , Lorenz Lora , Sommer Claudia , Schindehütte Magnus , Amann Kerstin , Wanner Christoph , Nordbeck Peter 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundAnderson–Fabry disease (FD) is an X‐linked lysosomal storage disorder with varying organ involvement and symptoms, depending on the underlying mutation in the alpha‐galactosidase A gene (HGNC: GLA). With genetic testing becoming more readily available, it is crucial to precisely evaluate pathogenicity of each genetic variant, in order to determine whether there is or might be not a need for FD‐specific therapy in affected patients and relatives at the time point of presentation or in the future.MethodsThis case series investigates the clinical impact of the specific GLA gene variant c.376A>G (p.Ser126Gly) in five (one heterozygous and one homozygous female, three males) individuals from different families, who visited our center between 2009 and 2021. Comprehensive neurological, nephrological and cardiac examinations were performed in all cases. One patient received a follow‐up examination after 12 years.ResultsIndex events leading to suspicion of FD were mainly unspecific neurological symptoms. However, FD‐specific biomarkers, imaging examinations (i.e., brain MRI, heart MRI), and tissue‐specific diagnostics, including kidney and skin biopsies, did not reveal evidence for FD‐specific symptoms or organ involvement but showed normal results in all cases. This includes findings from 12‐year follow‐up in one patient with renal biopsy.ConclusionThese findings suggest that p.Ser126Gly represents a benign GLA gene variant which per se does not cause FD. Precise clinical evaluation in individuals diagnosed with genetic variations of unknown significance should be performed to distinguish common symptoms broadly prevalent in the general population from those secondary to FD.
Garcinia Cambogia Improves High‐Fat Diet‐Induced Glucose Imbalance by Enhancing Calcium/CaMKII/AMPK/GLUT4‐Mediated Glucose Uptake in Skeletal Muscle
Authors: Han Joo‐Hui , Kim Min‐Tae , Myung Chang‐Seon 
Published: February 2022

ScopeGarcinia cambogia (G. cambogia) is known to have antiobesity effects. In this study, the therapeutic effects of G. cambogia on glucose homeostasis in obesity‐induced diabetes are explored and the underlying mechanisms are investigated.Methods and resultsC2C12 myotubes are treated with G. cambogia; glucose uptake, intracellular Ca2+ levels, and related alterations in signaling pathways are examined. High‐fat diet (HFD)‐fed mice are administered G. cambogia for 8 weeks; oral glucose tolerance is evaluated, and the regulation of identified targets of signaling pathways in quadriceps skeletal muscle are examined in vivo. G. cambogia increases glucose uptake in C2C12 myotubes and induces the upregulation of AMPK, ACC, and p38 MAPK phosphorylation. Notably, G. cambogia markedly elevates both intracellular Ca2+ levels, activating CaMKII, a Ca2+‐sensing protein, and TBC1D4‐mediated GLUT4 translocation, to facilitate glucose uptake. Furthermore, high‐glucose‐induced inhibition of glucose uptake and signal transduction is reverted by G. cambogia. In an HFD‐induced diabetes mouse model, G. cambogia administration results in significant blood glucose‐lowering effects, which are attributed to the regulation of targets that have been identified in vitro, in quadricep skeletal muscle.ConclusionThese findings provide new insights into the mechanism by which G. cambogia regulates glucose homeostasis in obesity‐induced diabetes.
Technical note: Commissioning of an ultrasound‐compatible surrogate vaginal cylinder for transvaginal ultrasound‐based gynecologic high‐dose‐rate brachytherapy
Authors: Van Elburg Devin , Roumeliotis Michael , Fenster Aaron , Phan Tien , Meyer Tyler 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeTo provide a comprehensive set of commissioning tests for clinical implementation of three‐dimensional transvaginal ultrasound (3D TVUS) as a replacement of computed tomography (CT) for applicator reconstruction in gynecologic (GYN) intracavitary high‐dose‐rate brachytherapy (HDRBT) with a multi‐channel vaginal cylinder (MCVC).MethodsWe introduce an ultrasound‐compatible “surrogate” vaginal cylinder (SVC) for reconstruction of Elekta's CT‐MR Multi Channel Applicator (MCVC) in 3D TVUS. The MCVC is digitized over the SVC in 3DUS using digital library model overlay. Consulting guidelines from various sources (CPQR, GEC‐ESTRO, AAPM), we identify and describe three tests specific to commissioning the SVC: (1) verification of SVC outer dimensions, (2) source position accuracy of MCVC digitization over the SVC in 3D TVUS, and (3) MRI/US registration error.ResultsThe SVC outer dimensions (diameter and A‐D marker locations) were well matched to the MCVC, however a 0.6 mm discrepancy in length between cylinder tips was observed. Source position accuracy was within 1 mm (tolerance recommended by CPQR) when reconstructing the MCVC in 3D TVUS. Dice similarity coefficients and target registration error for MRI/3D TVUS registration was similar to MRI/CT registration, which is the clinical standard.ConclusionsThese commissioning tests are performed using institutional equipment but provide the framework for any practitioner to repeat in their own setup, to demonstrate safe adoption of the 3D TVUS system for patient treatments. We demonstrate that MRI/US‐based workflow achieves similar source position accuracy and image registration error as standard MRI/CT, which is consistent with standard tolerances. This is a critical step toward replacement of CT with US in GYN HDRBT treatments with the MCVC.
Insights into the Activation Mode of α‐Carbonyl Sulfoxonium Ylides in Rhodium‐Catalyzed C−H Activation: A Theoretical Study
Authors: Zhang Dianmin , He Xiaofang , Yang Tao , Liu Song 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA computational study has been performed to investigate the mechanism of RhIII‐catalyzed C−H bond activation using sulfoxonium ylides as a carbene precursor. The stepwise and concerted activation modes for sulfoxonium ylides were investigated. Detailed theoretical results showed that the favored stepwise pathway involves C−H bond activation, carbonization, carbene insertion, and protonation. The free energy profiles for dialkylation of 2‐phenylpyridine were also calculated to account for the low yield of this reaction. Furthermore, the substituent effect was elucidated by comparing the energy barriers for the protonation of meta‐ and para‐substituted sulfoxonium ylides calculated by density functional theory.
Long‐term environmental bending behaviors and service LIFE prediction of KEVLAR fiber mat epoxy composite
Authors: Muralidharan Muniraju , Sathishkumar Thottyeapalayam Palanisamy , de‐Prado‐Gil Jesus , Martínez‐García Rebeca 
Published: February 2022

AbstractService life prediction of lightweight fiber reinforced polymer composites is essential for activating the recycling process in the future. The present work investigates the amount of material diffusion, long‐term flexural performance, and prediction of service life for Kevlar fiber mat reinforced Epoxy Composites (KEC). Hand layup technique and compression molding were used for manufacturing the composites and they were submerged in water at 20, 40, and 60 °C temperatures for different time durations like 50, 150, and 300 days. As per the ASTM D 790 standard, the three‐point flexural test was conducted on unaged and aged composites. Fick's law was used to calculate the diffusivity, and the Arrhenius principle was used to calculate the service life and activation energy. Experimental outcomes portrayed that the maximum water absorption for KEC occurred at 60 °C for all immersion periods. Moisture absorption was purely depending on the temperature and duration of the aged composite. Dry KEC showed higher flexural strength than aged composite. The higher flexural strength retention of 58.56% with the maximum service life of 100 years was found for KEC at 40°C. It shows the service life of the kevlar fiber reinforced epoxy composites.
Does dengue and COVID‐19 co‐infection have worse outcomes? A systematic review of current evidence
Authors: El‐Qushayri Amr Ehab , Kamel Ahmed Mostafa Ahmed , Reda Abdullah , Ghozy Sherief 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn dengue‐endemic regions, the co‐infection with SARS‐CoV‐2 and dengue is a significant health concern. Therefore, we performed a literature search for relevant papers in seven databases on 26 Spetember 2021. Out of 24 articles, the mortality rate and intensive care unit (ICU) admission were 19.1% and 7.8%, respectively. The mean hospital stay was 11.4 days. In addition, we identified two pregnancies with dengue and COVID‐19 co‐infection; one ended with premature rupture of membrane and intrauterine growth restriction fetus, while the other one ended with maternal mortality and intrauterine fetal death. COVID‐19 and dengue co‐infection had worse outcomes regarding mortality rates, ICU admission, and prolonged hospital stay. Thus, wise‐decision management approaches should be adequately offered to these patients to enhance their outcomes. Establishing an early diagnosis might be the answer to reducing the estimated significant burden of these conditions.
Oxygen Self‐Supply Engineering‐Ferritin for the Relief of Hypoxia in Tumors and the Enhancement of Photodynamic Therapy Efficacy
Authors: Zhu Yang , Jin Duo , Liu Manman , Dai Yi , Li Li , Zheng Xinwei , Wang Lulu , Shen Aizong , Yu Jianing , Wu Sisi , Wu Yun , Zhong Kai , Cheng Junjie , Liu Yangzhong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHypoxia is a hallmark of the tumor microenvironment (TME) that promotes tumor development and metastasis. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising strategy in the treatment of tumors, but it is limited by the lack of oxygen in TME. In this work, an O2 self‐supply PDT system is constructed by co‐encapsulation of chlorin e6 (Ce6) and a MnO2 core in an engineered ferritin (Ftn), generating a nanozyme promoted PDT nanoformula (Ce6/Ftn@MnO2) for tumor therapy. Ce6/Ftn@MnO2 exhibits a uniform small size (15.5 nm) and high stability due to the inherent structure of Ftn. The fluorescence imaging and immunofluorescence analysis demonstrate the pronounced accumulation of Ce6/Ftn@MnO2 in the tumors of mice, and the treatment significantly decreases the expression of hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF)‐1α. The Ce6/Ftn@MnO2 nanoplatform exerts a more potent anti‐tumor efficacy with negligible damage to normal tissues compared to the treatment with free Ce6. Moreover, the weak acidity and the presence of H2O2 in TME significantly enhances the r1 relativity of Ce6/Ftn@MnO2, resulting in a prominent enhancement of MRI imaging in the tumor. This bio‐mimic Ftn strategy not only improves the in vivo distribution and retention of Ce6, but also enhances the effectiveness and precision of PDT by TME modulation.
Microfluidics‐Assisted Synthesis of Hierarchical Cu2O Nanocrystal as C2‐Selective CO2 Reduction Electrocatalyst
Authors: Jun Minki , Kwak Changmo , Lee Si Young , Joo Jinwhan , Kim Ji Min , Im Do Jin , Cho Min Kyung , Baik Hionsuck , Hwang Yun Jeong , Kim Heejin , Lee Kwangyeol 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCopper‐based catalysts have attracted enormous attention due to their high selectivity for C2+ products during the electrochemical reduction of CO2 (CO2RR). In particular, grain boundaries on the catalysts contribute to the generation of various Cu coordination environments, which have been found essential for C—C coupling. However, smooth‐surfaced Cu2O nanocrystals generally lack the ability for the surface reorganization to form multiple grain boundaries and desired Cu undercoordination sites. Flow chemistry armed with the unparalleled ability to mix reaction mixture can achieve a very high concentration of unstable reaction intermediates, which in turn are used up rapidly to lead to kinetics‐driven nanocrystal growth. Herein, the synthesis of a unique hierarchical structure of Cu2O with numerous steps (h‐Cu2O ONS) via flow chemistry‐assisted modulation of nanocrystal growth kinetics is reported. The surface of h‐Cu2O ONS underwent rapid surface reconstruction under CO2RR conditions to exhibit multiple heterointerfaces between Cu2O and Cu phases, setting the preferable condition to facilitate C—C bond formation. Notably, the h‐Cu2O ONS obtained the increased C2H4 Faradaic efficiency from 31.9% to 43.5% during electrocatalysis concurrent with the morphological reorganization, showing the role of the stepped surface. Also, the h‐Cu2O ONS demonstrated a 3.8‐fold higher ethylene production rate as compared to the Cu2O nanocube.
Induction of apoptosis using ATN as a novel Yes‐associated protein inhibitor in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells
Authors: Chu Po‐Chen , Dokla Eman M. E. , Hu Jing‐Lan , Weng Jing‐Ru 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) represents a clinical challenge due to the lack of effective therapy to improve prognosis. Hippo/Yes‐associated protein (YAP) signaling has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for squamous cell carcinoma treatment. In this study, we investigated the antitumor activity and underlying mechanisms of {[N‐(4‐(5‐(3‐(3‐(4‐acetamido‐3‐(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ureido)phenyl)‐1,2,4‐oxadiazol‐3‐yl)‐3‐chlorophenyl)‐nicotinamide]} (ATN), a novel YAP inhibitor, in OSCC cells. ATN exhibited differential antiproliferative efficacy against OSCC cells (IC50 as low as 0.29 μM) versus nontumorigenic human fibroblast cells (IC50 = 1.9 μM). Moreover, ATN effectively suppressed the expression of YAP and YAP‐related or downstream targets, including Akt, p‐AMPK, c‐Myc, and cyclin D1, which paralleled the antiproliferative efficacy of ATN. Supporting the roles of YAP in regulating cancer cell survival and migration, ATN not only induced caspase‐dependent apoptosis, but also suppressed migration activity in OSCC. Mechanistically, the antitumor activity of ATN in OSCC was attributed, in part, to its ability to regulate Mcl‐1 expression. Together, these findings suggest a translational potential of YAP inhibitors, represented by ATN as anticancer therapy for OSCC.
Reliability and Validity of the Self-Report Chinese Version of the Yale-Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale Modified for Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD-YBOCS) in Patients Undergoing Plastic Surgery
Authors: Chen Xiaodong , Chen Gang , Wang Jinming , Huang Jinlong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
To develop a self-report Chinese version of the Yale-Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale Modified for Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD-YBOCS) and determine its validity and reliability in patients seeking a consultation with a plastic surgeon or undergoing plastic surgery in China.

Methods
Forward and backward translation and cultural adaptation of the BDD-YBOCS were performed according to recommended guidelines. The self-report Chinese version of the BDD-YBOCS was psychometrically tested using data collected from a cross-sectional validation study, which included 240 patients seeking a consultation with a plastic surgeon or undergoing plastic surgery at the Department of Plastic Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China, between May and September 2020. Item analysis used the independent sample t test and bivariate Pearson test. Content validity was established through expert interviews. Construct validity was measured with exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Convergent validity and discriminant validity were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation to evaluate the association between the self-report Chinese version of the BDD-YBOCS and the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire (BDDQ). Internal reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s α.

Results
No items were removed from the original English version of the BDD-YBOCS based on expert interviews and factor analysis. A total of 220 patients completed the study survey (91.7%). EFA extracted 3 factors, which accounted for 64.50% of the variance. CFA supported a 3-factor structure (χ2/df = 1.322, RMSEA = 0.054, GFI = 0.904, NFI = 0.902, CFI = 0.974 and TLI = 0.966). The scale had good convergent and discriminant validity. Cronbach’s α for the scale was 0.871 (P < 0.001) and ranged from 0.852 to 0.873 when individual items were removed.

Conclusion
The self-report Chinese version of the BDD-YBOCS shows good validity and reliability for use in patients seeking a consultation with a plastic surgeon or undergoing plastic surgery in China.

Level of Evidence IV
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