bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disrespect and abuse during childbirth in maternity hospitals in Piauí, Brazil: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Madeiro Alberto , Rufino Andréa Cronemberger , Acaqui Raiza Farnochia , Barbosa Clara Maria , Martins Victor Manfrinni Magalhães Lima , de Sousa Alessandra Maria Cerqueira 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the prevalence and associated factors of disrespect and abuse during childbirth in Piauí, Brazil.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was performed with 698 postpartum women in 21 maternity hospitals in 14 municipalities between August 2018 and September 2019. Face‐to‐face interviews were performed at least 6 h after birth, with an assessment of disrespect and abuse during childbirth. Robust Poisson regression was used, with calculation of the adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).ResultsThere was evidence that 19.8% of women experienced at least one type of disrespect and abuse during childbirth, with verbal abuse (12.6%), noncompliance with professional standards (11.6%), and health service restrictions being more common (8.3%). There was an association of disrespect and abuse during childbirth with women aged 10 to 19 years (aPR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.58–2.44), absence of companions (aPR, 2.43; 95% CI, 1.85–2.89), cesarean sections after labor (aPR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.64–3.59), public hospitals (aPR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.42–2.85), and in the countryside (aPR, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.81–3.98).ConclusionThere was a high prevalence of disrespect and abuse during childbirth in Piauí, Brazil, associated with structural conditions of the services, care practices, and characteristics of women.
Low lymphocyte‐to‐monocyte ratio predicts poor outcome in high‐risk aggressive large B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Vajavaara Heli , Leivonen Suvi‐Katri , Jørgensen Judit , Holte Harald , Leppä Sirpa 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLow lymphocyte‐to‐monocyte‐ratio (LMR) has been associated with unfavorable survival in patients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL). To date, however, the impact of LMR on survival has not been examined in a uniformly treated cohort of patients with high‐risk aggressive large B‐cell lymphoma. We collected peripheral blood absolute lymphocyte counts (ALCs) and absolute monocyte counts (AMC) prior to treatment and calculated LMR from 112 adult patients, who were less than 65 years of age, had age‐adjusted International Prognostic Index 2–3, or site‐specific risk factors for central nervous system (CNS) recurrence, and were treated in a Nordic Lymphoma Group LBC‐05 trial with dose‐dense immunochemotherapy and early systemic CNS prophylaxis (www.ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01325194). Median pretreatment ALC was 1.40 × 109/l (range, 0.20–4.95), AMC 0.68 × 109/l (range, 0.10–2.62), and LMR 2.08 (range, 0.10–12.00). ALC did not correlate with tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes, AMC did not correlate with tumor‐associated macrophages, and neither ALC nor AMC correlated with survival. However, low LMR (<1.72) translated to unfavourable progression‐free survival (PFS) (5‐year PFS 70% vs. 92%, p = 0.002) and overall survival (OS) (5‐year OS, 77% vs. 92%, p = 0.020). In the patients with low LMR, relative risk of progression was 4.4‐fold (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.60–12.14, p = 0.004), and relative risk of death was 3.3‐fold (95% CI 1.18–9.50, p = 0.024) in comparison to the patients with high LMR. We conclude that low LMR is an adverse prognostic factor in uniformly treated young patients with high‐risk aggressive large B‐cell lymphoma.
L‐type Voltage‐Gated calcium channels partly mediate Mechanotransduction in the intervertebral disc
Authors: Poillot Philip , Snuggs Joseph W. , Le Maitre Christine L. , Huyghe Jacques M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundIntervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration continues to be a major global health challenge, with strong links to lower back pain, while the pathogenesis of this disease is poorly understood. In cartilage, much more is known about mechanotransduction pathways involving the strain‐generated potential (SGP) and function of voltage‐gated ion channels (VGICs) in health and disease. This evidence implicates a similar important role for VGICs in IVD matrix turnover. However, the field of VGICs, and to a lesser extent the SGP, remains unexplored in the IVD.MethodsA two‐step process was utilized to investigate the role of VGICs in the IVD. First, immunohistochemical staining was used to identify and localize several different VGICs in bovine and human IVDs. Second, a pilot study was conducted on the function of L‐type voltage gated calcium channels (VGCCs) by inhibiting these channels with nifedipine (Nf) and measuring calcium influx in monolayer or gene expression from 3D cell‐embedded alginate constructs subject to dynamic compression.ResultsSeveral VGICs were identified at the protein level, one of which, Cav2.2, appears to be upregulated with the onset of human IVD degeneration. Inhibiting L‐type VGCCs with Nf supplementation led to an altered cell calcium influx in response to osmotic loading as well as downregulation of col 1a, aggrecan and ADAMTS‐4 during dynamic compression.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the presence of several VGICs in the IVD, with evidence supporting a role for L‐type VGCCs in mechanotransduction. These findings highlight the importance of future detailed studies in this area to fully elucidate IVD mechanotransduction pathways and better inform treatment strategies for IVD degeneration.
Temporary or permanent social media post? The impact of product type
Authors: Anlamlier Eda , Ulu Sevincgul 
Published: June 2022

AbstractConsumers share various content about material and experiential products on social media for short‐term via temporary posts or long‐term via permanent posts. Based on memory protection and hedonic adaptation theories, this study investigates whether product type determines how long consumers display their products on social media. We suggest experiential products elicit more proactive nostalgia—the desire to have a permanent record of a current episode to remember and relive it in the future—than material products do encouraging long‐term product displays on social media. We conducted five experiments. Results demonstrate the following: (a) consumers are more likely to share experiential (vs. material) products via permanent (vs. temporary) posts on social media (Study 1 and 2); (b) consumers tend to share permanent posts when products are (externally or internally) framed as experiential versus material (Study 3 and 4); and (c) proactive nostalgia (for oneself and about others) mediates the relationship between product type and product display duration on social media (Study 4 and 5). Findings elucidate how product type and proactive nostalgia influence product engagement on social media and suggest managers can utilize product display duration as a product valuation metric and proactive nostalgia as a facilitator of long‐term word‐of‐mouth.
Bifunctional Phenol‐Enabled Sequential Polymerization Strategy for Printable Tough Hydrogels
Authors: Wei Jiayi , Zhang Bo , Zhang Ping , Wei Hongqiu , Yu You 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHydrogels are promising material candidates in engineering soft robotics, mechanical sensors, biomimetic regenerative medicine, etc. However, developing multinetwork hydrogels with high mechanical properties and excellent printability are still challenging. Here, a bifunctional phenol‐enabled sequential polymerization (BPSP) strategy is reported to fabricate high‐performance multinetwork hydrogels under the orthogonal catalysis of efficient ruthenium photochemistry. Benefiting from this bifunctional design, phenols can sequentially polymerize with typical monomers and themselves to fabricate various phenol‐containing polymers (Ph‐Ps) and Ph‐Ps‐based multinetwork tough hydrogels, respectively. The as‐prepared hydrogels have maximum stress of 0.75 MPa and toughness of 2.2 MJ m–3 under the critical strain of 800%. These property parameters are a maximum of 16 times higher than those of the phenol‐postmodified and phenol‐free hydrogels. Moreover, the rapid coupling polymerization of phenols can shorten the gelation times of hydrogels to as low as ≈4 s, which enables its printable property for customizable applications. As a proof of concept, a 3D scaffold‐like structure is optimized as highly sensitive mechanical sensors for detecting various human motions.
Diaphragmatic paralysis in a neonate with circumferential skin creases Kunze type
Authors: Chun Fang Gao , Kaiwei Ding , Lingkong Zeng , Xuwei Tao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundA range of clinical features have been confirmed with heterozygous mutations in Beta Tubulin (TUBB), including skin creases, facial deformities, abnormal cerebral structures, and intellectual disability, and were defined as Circumferential Skin Creases Kunze type (CSC‐KT).MethodsClinical information was obtained retrospectively on a neonate hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Wuhan Children’s Hospital. Genomic DNA was extracted from circulating leukocytes of the proband according to standard procedures.ResultsThe neonate presented dyspnea resulting from diaphragmatic paralysis, accompanied by other typical features of CSC‐KT. Additionally, exome sequencing confirmed a new variant (NM_178,014. 4: c. 1114 A > G) in TUBB. We also summarized features described in previous cases, thus representing phenotype extension of CSC‐KT.ConclusionOur report is the youngest confirmed case, which could extend the current phenotype of CSC‐KT as well as the clinical diagnostic approach.
Azo polymerization of citrate‐based biomaterial‐ceramic composites at physiological temperatures
Authors: Huddleston Samantha E. , Duan Chongwen , Ameer Guillermo A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractVertebral compression fractures due to osteoporosis are commonly treated with bone cements based on the non‐degradable, mechanically stiff poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), which relies on peroxide‐initiated polymerization to quickly set the cement at the cost of high exothermic temperatures. Recently, there has been interest in developing degradable, bone mechanic‐matching alternatives that pursue physiologically induced polymerization to both augment the handling of the material before application and to reduce high localized temperatures that may lead to tissue damage. Herein, we report the development and material characterization of a thermoresponsive, degradable bone cement that utilizes the azo‐based radical initiator 2‐2ʹ‐azobis (4‐methoxy‐2,4‐dimethyl valeronitrile) (V70) and a liquid citrate‐based biomaterial‐ceramic composite of methacrylated poly(1,8 octamethylene citrate) (mPOC) and hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles (mPOC‐HA) that has improved handling and tissue compatibility characteristics. Our results show that: (a) these composites remain liquid until they are exposed to body temperature, which initiates polymerization to form a solid, tough material with desirable, modular compressive strengths comparable to trabecular bone; (b) the addition of HA decreases temperature generation below the threshold that leads to tissue necrosis; and (c) composites remain biocompatible in vitro and in vivo.
Fluid management in hospitalized pediatric patients
Authors: Alexander Erin , Weatherhead Jeffrey , Creo Ana , Hanna Christian , Steien Dana B. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe proper use of intravenous fluids has likely been responsible for saving more lives than any other group of substances. Proper use includes prescribing an appropriate electrolyte and carbohydrate solution, at a calculated rate or volume, for the right child, at the right time. Forming intravenous fluid plans for hospitalized children requires an understanding of water and electrolyte physiology in healthy children and how different pathology deviates from the norm. This review highlights fluid management in several disease types, including liver disease, diabetic ketoacidosis, syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone, diabetes insipidus, kidney disease, and intestinal failure as well as in those with nonphysiologic fluid losses. For each disease, the review discusses specific considerations, evaluations, and management strategies to consider when customizing intravenous fluid plans. Ultimately, all hospitalized children should receive an individualized fluid plan with recurrent evaluations and fluid modifications to provide optimal care.
Iron deficiency and pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Lan Michelle , Wu Sheryl , Fernandes Timothy M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this review article is to provide a comprehensive review of iron deficiency in the setting of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and to evaluate the utility of iron supplementation in PAH. Iron deficiency is present in 33%–46% of patients with PAH and has been associated with reduced exercise capacity, compromised oxygen handling, deterioration of right ventricular function, and even mortality. Iron homeostasis and the pathophysiology of PAH are highly intertwined, which has inspired the use of iron supplementation in patients with iron deficiency and PAH. A literature search was performed to identify all available evidence on iron supplementation for PAH. Limited evidence has suggested poor oral bioavailability of oral iron dosed three times a day, but newer formulations such as ferrous maltol may provide better absorption and clinical benefit, especially when dosed less frequently, such as every other day. Intravenous (IV) iron has been shown in observational studies to improve outcomes, but the single randomized control trial in patients without anemia has failed to show benefits in any measure of exercise tolerance. Larger randomized control studies on oral iron with good bioavailability or IV iron in patients with anemia are warranted to explore the potential utility of iron supplementation in patients with PAH.
Residual effects of low dose of suvorexant, zolpidem, and ramelteon in healthy elderly subjects: A randomized double‐blind study
Authors: Uemura Sachiko Ito , Imanishi Aya , Terui Yoshino , Park Insung , Satake Masahiro , Han GoEun , Shioya Takanobu , Kanbayashi Takashi , Nishino Seiji 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionCurrent hypnotic agents have next‐day residual effects. The new orexin antagonist, suvorexant, has little muscle relaxation effect on the physical and cognitive function in the following morning and daytime. In this study, the effects of suvorexant, zolpidem, ramelteon and placebo in elderly subjects were evaluated.MethodsSix men and eight women aged 63–75 years received a single tablet and lights were then turned off. Subjects were instructed to sleep from 23:00–6:00 with an interruption from 4:00–4:30 for evaluations. Suvorexant 10 mg, zolpidem 5 mg, ramelteon 4 mg or placebo was administered single time in a randomized, double‐blind and crossover design with a one‐week drug holiday in between each drug. Measures of objective parameters and subjective ratings were obtained every 2 h from 4:00 to 16:00.ResultNo subjects showed serious side effects from physical observations and vital sign checks before and after hypnotics were taken. During the first sleep period, the REM sleep time with suvorexant was especially longer than that with zolpidem. During the second sleep period, suvorexant had shorter sleep latency and longer stage2 sleep time than ramelteon and zolpidem, respectively. During the whole entire sleep, the REM sleep time with suvorexant was longer than zolpidem and placebo. For the body sway test with closed eye, the main effects of the medicines and zolpidem were significantly better than suvorexant and ramelteon.ConclusionThe changes of physical and cognitive functions in healthy elderly after taking hypnotics were not remarkable. Therefore, these three hypnotics maybe appropriate for the elderly people with insomnia for single‐time low dose administration.
A case of mood disorder with severe side effects of antidepressants in association with resistance to thyroid hormone beta with a THRB mutation
Authors: Komahashi‐Sasaki Hazuki , Yasui‐Furukori Norio , Maehara Ryo , Hasegawa Chie , Shimoda Kazutaka 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough resistance to thyroid hormone beta (RTHβ) is associated with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder, there are few reports of other concomitant mood disorders in individuals with RTHβ.Case presentationA 67‐year‐old woman who had been previously diagnosed with RTHβ (Refetoff syndrome) came to our department as a depressed patient. She was hospitalized twice for depression and treated with antidepressants both times. Paroxetine (37.5 mg/day) treatment during the first hospitalization did not cause any side effects, but treatment with mirtazapine (15 mg/day) and venlafaxine (150 mg/day) during the second hospitalization caused clonus and disturbance of consciousness, and these adverse effects resulted in a prolonged period of hospitalization. Finally, the patient’s symptoms were controlled with quetiapine (75 mg/day).ConclusionPoor tolerability to antidepressants was observed, which may be related to thyroid hormone intolerance. Low doses of quetiapine may contribute to improvements in depression.
Investigation on the effect of stacking order and hybridization on mechanical and water absorption properties of woven flax/bamboo composites
Authors: Alliyankal Vijayakumar Amal , Prasad Vishnu , Kailathuvalappil Kochunny Manesh 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn virtue of the performance of natural fiber reinforced composites, hybridization and stacking order play a crucial role in defining the behavior of engineering components. Furthermore, no studies have been reported on the mechanical and water absorption properties of woven flax/bamboo hybrid composites with different stackings. The present study investigates the influence of stacking sequences and hybridization of flax (F)/bamboo (B) epoxy composites on its mechanical and water absorption properties. The stacking sequence is varied as follows: B/F/F/B, F/B/B/F, F/B/F/B, F/F/B/B. A numerical model for interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) is developed and validated using ANSYS composite repost, which can predict the critical stresses and damage in each ply, as it is not possible through experimental studies. The tensile fractured surfaces are examined by scanning electron microscopy. Results indicate that the mechanical and water absorption of hybrid composite laminates are influenced by the stacking sequence. The optimum stacking order with maximum performance is obtained for B/F/F/B. The increase in tensile, flexural, impact, and ILSS values is observed as 8.3%, 25%, 4.4%, and 14.6%, respectively. The water diffusion coefficient is reduced by 34.75% by the addition of the bamboo layer to the skin. The computational analysis predicted the different modes of critical stresses and failures acting on each ply during the ILSS test.
Early versus delayed initiation of cytomegalovirus prophylaxis after liver transplant
Authors: Magid Mackenzie , Byrns Jennifer , Gommer Jennifer , Yang Zidanyue , Lee Hui‐Jie , Harris Matt 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesDelaying cytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis after liver transplantation may limit medication side effects and reduce inpatient drug costs. The primary objective of this study was to determine the incidence of CMV DNAemia in liver transplant recipients who initiated prophylaxis immediately after transplant (early prophylaxis) and those who initiated prophylaxis on postoperative day 7 or at discharge, whichever came first (delayed prophylaxis).Study DesignThis was a retrospective, single‐center study of adult liver transplant recipients between February 2017 and February 2019. Patients who were at low risk for CMV (D−/R−), received dual organs, had a history of invasive CMV disease, or received prophylaxis with an agent other than ganciclovir/valganciclovir were excluded. Chart review of patient profiles was completed 9 months following the transplant, and the primary end point was the first positive CMV PCR within that timeframe. Cumulative incidence of CMV DNAemia was estimated by adjusting for competing events for early and delayed prophylaxis groups. The subdistribution hazard model was utilized to examine the effect of the timing of prophylaxis on CMV DNAemia while accounting for CMV serostatus. Secondary end points included peak quantifiable viral load, time to detection, and incidence of tissue‐invasive disease.ResultsA total of 119 patients (60 early prophylaxis and 59 delayed prophylaxis) were included, and baseline demographics were similar except for sex. Twenty patients in the early group and 17 in the delayed group developed CMV DNAemia within 9 months of transplant with a cumulative incidence of 31.7% (95% confidence interval (CI) 20%, 44%) and 28.8% (95% CI 18%, 41%), respectively. After controlling for CMV serostatus, the relative incidence of DNAemia was similar between prophylaxis groups (subdistribution hazard ratio: 1.01, 95% CI 0.53, 1.90).ConclusionsNo significant difference in CMV DNAemia within 9 months of liver transplant was observed between patients who received early and delayed prophylaxis. Future studies are warranted to conclude that delaying prophylaxis can be considered a safe alternative to initiating prophylaxis immediately after transplant.
Definitive treatment choice among Black immigrants with prostate cancer: Analysis of patient surveys distributed at a single safety‐net institution
Authors: Heard John R. , Huang Aaron J. , Werle Laura , Adler Kerry , Bryant Geoffrey , Smith Matthew , Gordon Danielle J. , Winer Andrew G. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundLarge‐scale prostate cancer (PCa) database reviews have found a consistent discrepancy in the mortality rate in Black patients compared to their White counterparts. Furthermore, differences in PCa treatment and outcomes among Black men of different ethnic origins have also been identified. Due to the heterogeneity of PCa‐impacted communities and the unclear impact of patient immigration status on treatment outcomes, we sought to determine the demographic factors associated with treatment choice for definitive treatment of PCa in our single institution's patient population of Black immigrants.MethodsWe distributed surveys to all patients in the Kings County Hospital Center urologic oncology clinic from February 2019 to February 2020 and collected relevant health information via EMR. The survey collected demographic information regarding age, education, health insurance, employment status, socioeconomic status, country of birth, and years living in the United States (US).ResultsOut of the 253 patients surveyed, the majority of patients surveyed were Black and foreign born. There were no significant differences in demographic data between US‐born and foreign‐born patients except number of years living in the United States. In the intermediate risk group, patients living in the United States for <10 years chose surgery significantly more often than US‐born patients (90.9% vs. 50.0%, p = 0.036). On multivariate analysis, patients that chose surgery were more likely to be older when diagnosed (odds ratio [OR] = 1.21) and less likely to be born in the United States than in African or Caribbean countries (OR = 0.054).ConclusionsIn our study of a majority‐Black population, we found that patients born in the United States were less likely than their foreign counterparts to opt for surgery, as previous studies have shown. The choice of definitive treatment modality for Black men with intermediate risk PCa was found to be influenced by age at diagnosis and immigration status.