bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polymorphisms of Potential Drug Resistant Molecular Markers in Plasmodium Vivax From China–Myanmar Border During 2008 to 2017
Authors: Wang Zhen-sheng , Wei Chun-yan , Pan Yun-chun , Wang Zhi-hua , Ji Xin , Chen Qianqian , Zhang Lian-hui , Wang Zenglei , Wang Heng 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Plasmodium vivax remains the predominant species at the China–Myanmar border, imposing a major challenge to the recent gains in regional malaria elimination. To closely supervise the emerging of drug resistance in this area, we surveyed the variations in genes potentially correlated with drug resistance in P. vivax parasite and the possible drug selection with time.Methods: A total of 235 P. vivax samples were collected from patients suffering uncomplicated malaria at Yingjiang, Tengchong, and Longling counties, and Nabang port in China, Yunnan province, and Laiza township in Myanmar, during 2008 to 2017. Five potential drug resistance genes were amplified utilizing nested-PCR and analyzed, including pvdhfr, pvdhps, pvmdr1, pvcrt-o, and pvk12. Results: The pvdhfr F57I/L, S58R, T61M and S117T/N presented in 40.64%, 56.68%, 40.11%, and 56.04% of the sequenced P. vivax isolates, and these mutations significantly decreased with years. The haplotype formed by these quadruple mutations predominated at Yingjiang, Tengchong, Longling and Nabang. While a mutation H99S/R (56.59%) dominated at Laiza and increased with time. In pvdhps, the A383G prevailed in 69.16% of the samples, which remained the most prevalent haplotype. However, a significant decrease of its occurrence was also noticed over the time. The S382A/C and A553G existed in 8.37% and 30.84% of the isolates, respectively. In pvmdr1, the mutation Y976F occurred at a low frequency in 5/232 (2.16%), while T958M was fixed and F1076L was approaching fixed (72.41%). The K10 insertion was detected at an occurrence of 33.17% in pvcrt-o, whereas there was no significant difference among the sites or over the time. No mutation was identified in pvk12.Conclusions: Mutations related with resistance to antifolate drugs are prevalent in this area as expected, while their frequencies decrease significantly with time, suggestive of increased susceptibility of P. vivax parasite to antifolate drugs. Resistance to CQ is possibly emerging. However, since the molecular mechanisms underneath CQ resistance is yet to be better understood, close supervision of clinical drug efficiency and continuous function investigation is urgently needed to alarm drug resistance.
Evaluation of the effects of vaccination regimes on the transmission dynamics of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Nakamoto Ichiro , Zhang Jilin , Zhuang Weiqing , Guo Yan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has yet to be eliminated globally despite the advancement of immunization programs. Evaluation of the effects of the vaccination regimes of COVID-19 is critical for understanding the potential capacity of countermeasures and informing subsequent prioritization strategies of responses. Research and observational data provide broad support regarding the importance of effective vaccines, in contrast, debates remain on the timing and priority of booster vaccination under the assumption of resource constraint. This study aims to evaluate the effect of vaccination regimes on the trajectory of the COVID-19 pandemic from the medium-term perspective. We employ a mathematical model to infer critical epidemiological characteristics associated with COVID-19, thereafter perform simulation on the transmission dynamics of the epidemic up to 3 years. The outcomes imply that in the absence of severe variants of the pathogen, administration of booster vaccination curtails the peak size of total cases and share of severe infections at later waves. Nevertheless, it can be better off by prioritizing the primary doses to unvaccinated individuals when vaccine shortage is challenged. The effects of priority categories are consistent across a broad range of profiles. Increasing the rollout capacity (i.e., administration rate) of doses can render the reproduction number lower than one and hence contain the transmission of pandemic ultimately controlling for other factors. The timing of rollout of primary doses is pivotal in reducing the magnitude of transmission saturation. It is of importance to prioritize the administration of primary vaccination series to vulnerable individuals efficiently and thereafter increment of administration capacity when the supply of vaccine increases over time to scale down the size of an epidemic.
HER2-positive Apocrine Carcinoma of the Breast: A population-based Analysis of Treatment and Outcome
Authors: Skenderi Faruk , Alahmad Mohamad Alhoda Mohamad , Tahirovic Emin , Alahmad Yaman M. , Gatalica Zoran , Vranic Semir 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Aims
Apocrine carcinoma of the breast (APO) expresses HER2 in 30-50% of cases. This study explored the clinicopathological features and outcome of HER2+ APO (HER2+/APO) and matched HER2-positive invasive carcinomas of no special type (HER2+/NST).
Methods
We used the SEER database to explore the HER2+/APO and HER2+/NST cohorts. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to assess the breast cancer-specific (BCSS) and overall survival (OS). Based on ER and PR [=HR] and HER2 status, we divided the cohorts to match the intrinsic molecular subtypes for comparisons [Apocrine Luminal B (HER2+/HR+/APO) vs. NST Luminal B (HER2+/HR+/NST) and Apocrine HER2-Enriched (HER2+/HR-/APO) vs. NST HER2-Enriched (HER2+/HR-/NST)].
Results
We retrieved 259 cases of HER2+/APO with an active follow-up among the 446,806 breast malignancies (frequency ~0.06%). Most HER2+/APO were HR negative (65%). HER2+/APO carcinomas were more prevalent in the 80+ age group (24.7% vs. 15.7%, p<0.001). HER2+/HR-/APO had a significantly lower histological grade than the HER2+/HR-/NST (p<0.001). Breast cancer-related deaths were more prevalent in HER2+/NST (7.8% vs. 3.9%, p=0.019). This was particularly evident between HR- subgroups (10.4% in HER2+/HR-/NST vs. 4.2% in HER2+/HR-/APO, p=0.008) and was reaffirmed in BCSS in univariate analysis (p=0.03). Other than race and ER/PR status, HER2+/APO subgroups did not differ in clinicopathological parameters.
Conclusions
Our study confirms the rarity of the APO and reveals that ER/PR status in HER2+ APO does not affect these patients' prognosis. HER2+/APO tumors tend to have a less aggressive phenotype and a more favorable outcome despite a markedly lower ER/PR positivity.
Prognostic Factors of Gliosarcoma in the Real World: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Xu Hongzhi , Yu Ziye , Zhou Zhirui , Xu Ming , Song Kun , Shen Jingjing , Zhu Wenhao , Wei Liqun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction:
Gliosarcoma is a histopathological variant of glioblastoma, which is characterized by a biphasic growth pattern consisting of glial and sarcoma components. Owing to its scarcity, data regarding the impact of available treatments on the clinical outcomes of gliosarcoma are inadequate. The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to analyze the prognostic factors of gliosarcoma.
Methods
By screening the clinical database of neurosurgical cases at a single center, patients with gliosarcoma diagnosed histologically from 2015 to 2021 were identified. Clinical, pathological and molecular data were gathered founded on medical records and follow-up interviews. Prognostic factors were derived using Cox proportional hazards model with backward stepwise regression analysis.
Results
Forty-five GSM patients were included. Median overall survival was 20.6 months (95%CI 5.8 – 35.3), and median relapse free survival was 15.2 months (95%CI 6.1 – 24.3). In multivariable analysis, total resection (p = 0.029, HR = 0.198, 95%CI 0.046 – 0.849) indicated an improved prognosis. And low expression of Ki-67 (p = 0.067, HR = 2.813, 95%CI 0.930 – 8.506) would be likely to show statistical significance. However, there might be no statistically significant survival benefit from radiotherapy (n = 33, 75%, log-rank p = 0.92), adjuvant temozolomide (n = 33, 73.3%, log-rank p = 0.78) or concurrent temozolomide (n = 36, 80%, log-rank p = 0.79).
Conclusion
This retrospective study with a limited cohort size has demonstrated the treatment of gross total resection and low expression of Ki-67 are beneficial for patients with GSM, while radiotherapy or temozolomide is not.
Recursive Integral Terminal Sliding Mode Control of MEMS Gyroscopes via Composite Neural Learning and Disturbance Observer
Authors: Zhang Rui , Xu Bin , Wang Hai 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The recursive integral terminal sliding mode control based on disturbance observer and composite neural learning is studied in this paper to control the dynamics of MEMS gyroscopes in the presence of system uncertainties and external disturbances. To achieve more accurate approximation accuracy of system uncertainties, the composite neural learning is employed, where the updating law of the weight vector is designed by the tracking error and the prediction error constructed by serial-parallel estimation model. To further improve the system robustness, the recursive integral terminal sliding mode controller is utilized, where faster convergence can be obtained by forcing the system state to start from the sliding mode manifold at the initial time. To deal with external disturbances with unknown upper bounds, the disturbance observer is designed. Furthermore, simulations results are demonstrated to verify that faster convergence and higher tracking accuracy can be achieved under the proposed method.
Environmental and Morphological Detrimental Effects of Microplastics on Marine Organisms to Human Health
Authors: Bhuyan Md. Simul , Rashed-Un-Nabi Md. , Alam Md. Wahidul , Islam Md. Nazrul , Cáceres-Farias Lenin , Bat Levent , Musthafa M. Saiyad , Senapathi Venkatramanan , Chung Sang Yong , Núñez Alonzo Alfaro 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The ubiquitous presence of microplastics (MPs) in all oceans has become a significant threat to nature as global plastic production continues to increase. Now, and over the next 20 to 30 years, it is the time to address the consequences of the rise of the plastic industry global production of millions of items, ranging from a single pen to automobiles. Inappropriate management, lack of awareness of the harmful effects, reckless universal use, and indiscriminate disposal of plastics have turned the earth into a "plastic planet”. The aim of the present study review is to identify the scenarios for the structure, and functions of MPs and the resulting impacts on marine organisms. The different origins of MPs in the oceans and their negative impacts on marine organisms are critically discussed in this review. Due to their small size, these plastic particles are easily ingested by a wide range of marine organisms (e.g., fish, Mollusca, Arthropoda, Annelida, Echinodermata, Nematoda, phytoplankton, zooplankton, algae, birds, Mammalia, marine reptiles, and corals), posing a threat to their health. The ability of MPs to absorb a variety of hazardous hydrophobic chemicals from the environment allows transfers these toxins to enter directly into the food chain, ultimately becoming a threat to human health. As a result, numerous policies and laws have been created to address the major problems of marine pollution. However, these regulations need to be improved and implemented worldwide. To avert future threats, it is crucial to stop the production of toxic chemicals associated to the production of plastics and replaces them with environmentally suitable alternatives.
Small molecules from Bacopa monneiri as potent inhibitors against Neurodegenerative Disorders
Authors: Sangeet Satyam , Khan Arshad 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Alzheimer’s is characterized by the formation of senile plaques and fibril tangles. Several methodologies have been employed to treat the disease. Albeit engineered medications that are accessible for the treatment of Alzheimer’s, due to their numerous side-effects, it becomes imperative to formulate and synthesize novel drug candidates. Plants could be utilized as an alternative for these manufactured medications because of their low incidental effects in contrast with the engineered drugs. Bacopa monneiri (BM) is a therapeutic plant that is accounted for to be utilized to treat NDs. Therefore, in the current study, an in-silico approach was carried out to evaluate the pharmacological effect of BM. Molecular Docking was carried out to screen the active phytochemicals of BM which can act as potential drug candidates against amyloid-β plaques. A total of 8 biologically active phytochemicals from BM were docked against the p75NTR receptor. Based on molecular docking study it was observed that the phytocompounds Bacopasaponin D and Bacopasaponin G of BM significantly fit the active site of p75NTR. Further Molecular Dynamics simulation study was performed to examine the stability of the binding of these phytochemicals with the selected targets. Our findings suggested that the phytocompounds Bacopasaponin D and Bacopasaponin G significantly bind with p75NTR and thusmight have the potential to inhibit the natural binding activity of amyloid-b plaques and act as a potential anti-neurodegenerative drug.
Stroke and internal carotid dissection as the first manifestation of giant cell arteritis: a case report
Authors: Hashami Leila , Ketabforoush Arsh Haj Mohamad Ebrahim , Nirouei Matineh 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA) is a systemic vasculitis that involves medium-sized and larger arteries.GCA rarely can affect the brain-arteries, resulting in ischemic strokes and transient ischemic attacks, whereby the most affected region is vertebrobasilar. Also, it's very unusual that cocurate with large artery dissections. We describe a patient with anterior brain territory stroke and right internal carotid dissection as the first manifestation of GCA.Case report: A 51-year-old man was presented with sudden onset of right-side blurred vision, frozen movements, and ptosis in the right eye and left side paresis. There was a history of right-sided frontotemporal headache, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia. The Laboratory tests show erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)=90, C-reactive protein (CRP)=15mg/L. CT scan and brain MRI indicated an acute ischemic infarction in the right frontal region. CT-Angiography has shown internal carotid artery dissection. Due to the presentation and lab tests, we started Methylprednisolone 1 gr for treating GCA, and temporal artery biopsy was positive for GCA in pathology findings. After ten days, inflammatory markers were reduced (ESR:40). Besides improving headaches, there was no significant change in eye deficits and reduction of left limb's force.Conclusion: Due to the noisy symptoms in patients with Stroke and carotid dissection, the diagnosis of GCA may be neglected as an underlying cause. The association of high CRP levels and the rate of ESR with Stroke, although nonspecific, should draw some attention to vasculitis, topped by GCA.
Difficulties in monitoring of premature infants in outpatient facilities (third stage of nursing)
Authors: Koltuntseva I. V. , Sakhno L. V. , Bairova S. V. , Mishkina T. V. , Revnova M. O. 
Published: January 2022

Premature birth remains an urgent problem of modern healthcare around the world. At the same time, the improvement of neonatal care for premature babies has led to a significant decrease in infant mortality and an increase in the survival rate of children with very low and extremely low body weight. Nursing and monitoring such children requires a special approach. A premature baby has one or more reasons for the early development of chronic pathology and needs a long-term, differentiated, continuous monitoring, provided a clear continuity of all stages of nursing.The article presents the results of observation of premature babies in 20 polyclinics of Saint Petersburg in the first year of life at the time of the study. The authors analyzed medical histories (form 112/y) of 88 children born prematurely (from 22 to 36 weeks of gestation). It has been determined that most often the dispensary observation groups include children with pathology of the central nervous system, organs of vision, and surgical pathology. Insufficient coverage with vaccine prophylaxis (from 33 to 78% for various vaccine-preventable infections) was revealed not only with additional drugs for the risk group, but also with the main vaccinations of the National Calendar. Monitoring premature babies, their rehabilitation and habilitation are the responsibility of the third (outpatient) level of nursing. However, the lack of uniform approaches to dispensary observation, rehabilitation treatment of premature babies, the lack of clear routing create difficulties in the management of such children in a polyclinic. The authors proposed options for solving this important problem in order to increase the efficiency of the primary pediatric care for premature babies at the place of residence of the child.
Дефіцит і недостатність вітаміну D у хворих із патологією серцево-судинної системи
Authors: Yankovskaya L.V. , Snezhitsky V.A. , Povorozniuk V.V. , Balatskaya N.I. 
Published: January 2022

Захворювання серцево-судинної системи (ЗССС) на сьогодні — актуальна проблема світової та національної медицини. У свою чергу, дефіцит і недостатність вітаміну D поширені в багатьох країнах світу, а дані останніх метааналізів розцінюють дефіцит вітаміну D як новий фактор ризику ЗССС. Ми провели клінічне та діагностичне обстеження 135 жителів західного регіону Білорусі з артеріальною гіпертензією (39,3 %) й ішемічною хворобою серця (ІХС) (60,7 %), 34 чоловіки і 101 жінка віком 59,65 ± 8,16 року, і 28 практично здорових осіб. Результати. За класифікацією М.Ф. Холіка дефіцит вітаміну D був встановлений у 78 % обстежених осіб, недостатність — у 17 %, а достатність — у 4,5 % пацієнтів. Не знайдено вірогідних відмінностей у частоті зустрічальності 25(ОН)D дефіциту/недостатності залежно від діагнозу. Вміст 25(ОН)D у плазмі крові нижче 17 нмоль/л був асоційований з підвищенням систолічного артеріального тиску. Встановлені зворотні кореляційні взаємозв’язки між вмістом 25(ОН)D у плазмі крові та масою тіла (МТ), індексом МТ, діастолічним артеріальним тиском. У групі осіб з ІХС встановлений прямий кореляційний зв’язок між умістом 25(ОН)D у плазмі крові та величиною ендотелійзалежної вазодилатації.
Интеграция национальной стратегии борьбы со слепотой до 2020 года в основные концептуальные направления реформирования здравоохранения в Украине
Authors: Varyvonchyk D. V. , Rykov S. O. , Obukhova N. A. , Mishenin A. B. , Salyukov A. O. , Denisyuk L. I. , Shevchenko V. I. 
Published: January 2022

Предлагаемая Национальная стратегия «Борьба со слепотой до 2020 года» полностью интегрирована во все 12-ть Основных концептуальных направлений реформирования здравоохранения в Украине и может быть внедрена в деятельность офтальмологической службы страны.
СРАВНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ПАРАМЕТРОВ ЭКСКАВАЦИИ ДИСКА ЗРИТЕЛЬНОГО НЕРВА ПРИ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ ГЕМОДИНАМИЧЕСКИХ ТИПАХ ПЕРВИЧНОЙ ОТКРЫТОУГОЛЬНОЙ ГЛАУКОМЫ
Authors: Zavgorodnya N. G. , Bezugla O. A. 
Published: January 2022

Предложенный показатель соотношения V/S позволяет оценивать форму экскавации ДЗН и является дополнительным критерием для диагностики гемодинамического типа ПОУГ.Его значение от 0,136 до 0,188 характеризуют форму экскавации ДЗН как преимущественно плоскую, что характерно для ишемического типа первичной открытоугольной глаукомы (ПОУГ), а значения в диапазоне от 0,242 до 0,305 свидетельствуют о том, что форма экскавации является преимущественно глубокой, что характерно для неишемического типа заболевания. Значения соотношения V/S, выходящие за пределы указанных диапазонов не могут быть использованы в качестве диагностических критериев.
ПОКАЗАТЕЛЬ УРОВНЯ ГЛИКОЗИЛИРОВАННОГО ГЕМОГЛОБИНА КАК КРИТЕРИЙ В ОЦЕНКЕ ХАРАКТЕРА ТЕЧЕНИЯ НЕПРОЛИФЕРАТИВНОЙ ДИАБЕТИЧЕСКОЙ РЕТИНОПАТИИ ПРИ САХАРНОМ ДИАБЕТЕ 2 ТИПА
Authors: Bezdetko P. , Adzhadzh S. , Ilyina Y. 
Published: January 2022

В работе изучалась зависимость между субкомпенсированным уровнем гликозилированного гемоглобина и прогрессированием непролиферативной дабетической ретинопатии у больных сахарным диабетом 2 типа.Для качественной и количественной оценки микроаневризм, мелких точечных и штрихообразных интраретинальных кровоизлияний, твёрдых и мягких экссудатов, отёка макулярной области, а также функциональной работы сетчатки и зрительного нерва определялись и анализировались следующие показатели: острота зрения, световая чувствительность сетчатки, наличие локальных дефектов в поле зрения, наличие очагов гипер и гипофлюоресценции, средняя толщина сетчатки в центральной зоне диаметром 1 мм и макулярный объём, порог электрической чувствительности по фосфену (ПЭЧФ) и критическая частота исчезновения мельканий по фосфену (КЧИМФ). Пациенты наблюдались в течение года. Больные получали поддерживающие курсы лечения антиоксидантами и ангиопротекторами.Была выявлена положительной корреляционной связь между субкомпенсированным уровнем гликированного гемоглобина сыворотки крови и прогрессированием непролиферативной диабетической ретинопатии на фоне сахарного диабета 2 типа. Так, риск перехода одной стадии в другую возрастает в 2 раза за счёт распространения точечных, штрихообразных геморрагий и твёрдых экссудатов.
КОРРЕКЦИЯ ИММУННЫХ НАРУШЕНИЙ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С СУХОЙ ФОРМОЙ ВМД
Authors: Petrunya A. , Yevsyukova O. 
Published: January 2022

Изучено нарушение клеточного и гуморального иммунитета у 98 больных с сухой формой возрастной макулярной дегенерации.Выявлены существенные нарушения со стороны гуморального иммунитета проявляется в виде активации аутоиммунных и иммунокомплексных реакций в сыворотке крови, а также нарушения со стороны клеточного иммунитета в виде формирования вторичной иммунологической недостаточности по относительному гиперсупрессорному варианту, которые характеризовались снижением числа CD3+- и CD4+- лимфоцитов, иммунорегуляторного индекса CD4 / CD8.Установлено, что применение иммунотропных препаратов у больных ВМД способствует стабилизации патологического процесса в сетчатке глаза, повышению зрительных функций, улучшению электрофизиологических показателей органа зрения и нормализации показателей гуморального и клеточного иммунитета, чего не наблюдается в контрольной группе.
Риски и профилактика офтальмологической патологии, обусловленной природным ультрафиолетовым излучением
Authors: Salyukov A.O. , Varyvonchyk D.V. 
Published: January 2022

Целью исследования было оценить риски возникновения офтальмологической патологии при экспозиции естественным ультрафиолетовым излучением (УФИ) и разработать меры профилактики данной патологии. Оценены риски возникновения офтальмологической патологии в зависимости от годовой экспозиционной дозы естественного УФИ среди населения (АР Крым, Волынская обл.) и у работающих (на открытом воздухе, в помещении). Определено, что среди населения, проживающего на территории с “очень высокой” годовой эритемной дозой природного УФИ (АР Крым), распространённость офтальмологической патологии, больше в 1,2–2,5 раза, чем среди населения, проживающего на территории с “умеренной” дозой излучения (Волынская обл.). Выяснено, что среди трудящихся, работающих на открытом воздухе, наблюдается повышение отношения шансов возникновения дистрофии роговицы (RR = 2,42), птеригиума (RR = 1,73), макулодистрофии (RR = 1,56), пингвекулы (RR = 1,47), катаракты (RR = 1,14) (p < 10-4). Предложены мероприятия первичной профилактики офтальмологической патологии путем: (1) «защиты временем» (введение сиесты), (2) «защиты экранированием» (использование солнцезащитных шляп, очков), (3) нормирования воздействия и дозиметрического контроля природного УФВ.