bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural dynamic reliability analysis: review and prospects
Authors: Teng Da , Feng Yun-Wen , Chen Jun-Yu , Lu Cheng 
Published: July 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to briefly summarize and review the theories and methods of complex structures’ dynamic reliability. Complex structures are usually assembled from multiple components and subjected to time-varying loads of aerodynamic, structural, thermal and other physical fields; its reliability analysis is of great significance to ensure the safe operation of large-scale equipment such as aviation and machinery.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper for the single-objective dynamic reliability analysis of complex structures, the calculation can be categorized into Monte Carlo (MC), outcrossing rate, envelope functions and extreme value methods. The series-parallel and expansion methods, multi-extremum surrogate models and decomposed-coordinated surrogate models are summarized for the multiobjective dynamic reliability analysis of complex structures.FindingsThe numerical complex compound function and turbine blisk are used as examples to illustrate the performance of single-objective and multiobjective dynamic reliability analysis methods. Then the future development direction of dynamic reliability analysis of complex structures is prospected.Originality/valueThe paper provides a useful reference for further theoretical research and engineering application.
Assessing the entrepreneurial ecosystem of Sweden: a comparative study with Finland and Norway using Global Entrepreneurship Index
Authors: Balawi Ayman , Ayoub Asad 
Published: July 2022

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate and examines Sweden's overall entrepreneurship performance (ecosystem) by applying the Global Entrepreneurship Index (GEI) while benchmarking the entrepreneurial ecosystem of Sweden with that of Finland and Norway.Design/methodology/approachIn terms of subindices, pillars and component factors, this research analyzes the entrepreneurial ecosystem of Sweden using the GEI supplemented by the Penalty for Bottleneck (PFB) approach utile for identification of bottlenecks. In addition, the Swedish ecosystem is benchmarked against its Finnish and Norwegian counterparts drawing on data collected between 2015 and 2018.FindingsUsing data drawn from the GEI, Sweden manifests a strong entrepreneurial ecosystem with a GEI score of 72.7 out of 100. However, fledgling start-up skills, insufficient human capital, and slow and erratic growth undercut otherwise solid entrepreneurial aspirations drawing on well-developed institutional variables. On a macrolevel, Sweden evinces greater capacity for entrepreneurship and innovation than either Norway or Finland but, on a microlevel, several discontinuities manifest in terms of subindices, pillars and component factors to the advantage of Norway and/or Finland and, conversely, to the detriment of Sweden.Practical implicationsPolicymakers should fund a mix of programs and institute regulatory reforms designed to promote entrepreneurial systemic development in Sweden by remediating entrepreneurial gaps depressing GEI scores. Crucial policy interventions are required to accrete start-up skills and human capital and engender high growth. Incremental funding of 47% over current levels budgeted to buoy entrepreneurial activity are mandated for Sweden to approach its GEI potential.Originality/valueInsights are derived from extracting data drawn from a new methodology for gauging entrepreneurial activity incorporating individual and institutional variables into a single model that combines PFB and GEI analysis with a view to identifying, through the PFB approach and weak aspects of Sweden's entrepreneurial performance.
Gender wage penalty in parenthood: A comparative study of South Korea and Japan
Authors: Jung Hanna 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBoth South Korea and Japan attach significant importance to women′s marriage and their role in the family. Based on this fact, the present study analyzed gender wage penalty in parenthood in both the countries and compared the size and characteristics. We used conditional quantile regression models with counterfactual decomposition, and panel data from South Korea and Japan for 2007–2014. Results suggest that the gender wage penalty in parenthood of Japan was greater than in South Korea, indicating that discrimination against mother‐workers in Japan is more serious than in South Korea. Analysis by wage distribution showed that the gender wage penalty in parenthood was high in the low‐wage group in South Korea, whereas it was high for the high‐wage group in Japan. This finding indicates that South Korea needs to give fair treatment to the low‐wage group and mother‐workers of small and medium enterprises, while Japan needs to alleviate discrimination against high‐wage mother‐workers.
CRISPR‐Cas‐based detection for food safety problems: Current status, challenges, and opportunities
Authors: Li Yaru , Man Shuli , Ye Shengying , Liu Guozhen , Ma Long 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFood safety is one of the biggest public issues occurring around the world. Microbiological, chemical, and physical hazards can lead to food safety issues, which may occur at all stages of the supply chain. In order to tackle food safety issues and safeguard consumer health, rapid, accurate, specific, and field‐deployable detection methods meeting diverse requirements are one of the imperative measures for food safety assurance. CRISPR‐Cas system, a newly emerging technology, has been successfully repurposed in biosensing and has demonstrated huge potential to establish conceptually novel detection methods with high sensitivity and specificity. This review focuses on CRISPR‐Cas–based detection and its current status and huge potential specifically for food safety inspection. We firstly illustrate the pending problems in food safety and summarize the popular detection methods. We then describe the potential applications of CRISPR‐Cas–based detection in food safety inspection. Finally, the challenges and futuristic opportunities are proposed and discussed. Generally speaking, the current food safety detection methods are still unsatisfactory in some ways such as being time‐consuming, displaying unmet sensitivity and specificity standards, and there is a comparative paucity of multiplexed testing and POCT. Recent studies have shown that CRISPR‐Cas–based biosensing is an innovative and fast‐expanding technology, which could make up for the shortcomings of the existing methods or even replace them. To sum up, the implementation of CRISPR‐Cas and the integration of CRISPR‐Cas with other techniques is promising and desirable, which is expected to provide “customized” and “smart” detection methods for food safety inspection in the coming future.
High occurrence of food insecurity in young people attending a youth mental health service in regional Australia
Authors: Kent Katherine , Murray Sandra , Visentin Denis , Mawer Tamieka , McGowan Courtney J. , Williams Andrew D. , Hardcastle Sibella , Bridgman Heather 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimDespite the relationship between food insecurity and poor mental health, food insecurity in young people attending mental health services in Australia remains understudied. This study aimed to determine the occurrence and predictors of food insecurity, and the relationship with dietary factors in young people attending a mental health service.MethodsA cross‐sectional online survey was conducted in a sample of young people (15–25 years) who attended a mental health service in Launceston, Australia. The survey utilised a single‐item food insecurity screening tool and eight demographic, health and service use questions. Five questions determined self‐reported intake of fruit, vegetables, breakfast, water, sugar‐sweetened beverages and takeaway foods. Binary logistic regression determined predictors of food insecurity. Cross‐tabulations determined differences in dietary intake according to food security.ResultsOf survey respondents (n = 48; 68% female), 40% (n = 19) were food insecure. Respondents living out of home or in unstable accommodation were at significantly higher risk of food insecurity (odds ratio [OR]: 4.43; SE: 0.696; 95% CI: 1.13–17.34; p = 0.032) compared to those living with their parents. Those receiving government financial assistance (OR: 5.00; SE: 0.676; 95% CI: 1.33–18.81; p = 0.017) were also at significantly higher risk of food insecurity. Regardless of food security status, self‐reported intake of fruits, vegetables and breakfast were low, and respondents regularly consumed takeaway foods and sugar‐sweetened beverages.ConclusionsThere was a high occurrence of food insecurity and poor dietary intake in young people attending a youth mental health service demonstrating that initiatives to support access to healthy food in this group should be a priority, with potential benefits for mental health outcomes.
Utilizing paralogues for phylogenetic reconstruction has the potential to increase species tree support and reduce gene tree discordance in target enrichment data
Authors: Ufimov Roman , Gorospe Juan Manuel , Fér Tomáš , Kandziora Martha , Salomon Luciana , van Loo Marcela , Schmickl Roswitha 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe analysis of target enrichment data in phylogenetics lacks optimization toward using paralogues for phylogenetic reconstruction. We developed a novel approach of detecting paralogues and utilizing them for phylogenetic tree inference, by retrieving both ortho‐ and paralogous copies and creating orthologous alignments, from which the gene trees are built. We implemented this approach in ParalogWizard and demonstrate its performance in plant groups that underwent a whole genome duplication relatively recently: the subtribe Malinae (family Rosaceae), using Angiosperms353 as well as Malinae481 probes, the genus Oritrophium (family Asteraceae), using Compositae1061 probes, and the genus Amomum (family Zingiberaceae), using Zingiberaceae1180 probes. Discriminating between orthologues and paralogues reduced gene tree discordance and increased the species tree support in the case of the Malinae, but not for Oritrophium and Amomum. This may relate to the difference in the proportion of paralogous loci between the data sets, which was highest for the Malinae. Overall, retrieving paralogues for phylogenetic reconstruction following ParalogWizard has the potential to increase the species tree support and reduce gene tree discordance in target enrichment data, particularly if the proportion of paralogous loci is high.
Skilling race: Affective labor and “white” pedagogies in the Chilean service economy
Authors: Ugarte Sofía 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis article examines the effects of racialization practices in quotidian encounters between migrant Haitian women looking for work and Chilean recruiters in job interviews and skills‐training programs in Santiago. Drawing on ethnographic research, I show how racialized differences are made material and emotional based on a particular history of white supremacy and mestizaje. I argue that to become appropriate and hirable workers in the service economy, Haitian women transform their appearance, movements, feelings, and attitudes according to white pedagogies of affective labor. I show how the skilling of labor performed through these pedagogies is deeply affective, shaping Haitian women's sense of worth and their self‐constitution as migrants beyond labor encounters. The analysis of how anti‐Black racism toward migrant women perpetuates local manifestations of white‐mestizo privilege reveals how affective labor and racialization practices articulate intimate experiences of transnational mobility with intersectional scripts of power.
Diagnostic utility of PRAME expression by immunohistochemistry in subungual and non‐subungual acral melanocytic lesions
Authors: Rothrock Aimi T. , Torres‐Cabala Carlos A. , Milton Denái R. , Cho Woo Cheal , Nagarajan Priyadharsini , Vanderbeck Kaitlin , Curry Jonathan L. , Ivan Doina , Prieto Victor G. , Aung Phyu P. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe immunohistochemical (IHC) marker PReferentially expressed Antigen in MElanoma (PRAME) has shown promise in the diagnosis of melanocytic lesions. A few studies have investigated PRAME IHC expression in acral melanomas, but PRAME expression in subungual melanomas is largely unknown. We evaluated the utility of PRAME IHC expression in distinguishing subungual melanomas (SUM) and non‐subungual acral melanomas (AM) from acral nevi (AN).MethodsTwenty‐two SUM, 20 AM, and 14 AN were identified. IHC studies were performed using an anti‐PRAME antibody. The percentage of lesional cells with PRAME expression was recorded and categorized as follows: 0%, 0; 1%–25%, 1+; 26%–50%, 2+; 51%–75%, 3+; and >75%, 4+. Patient demographics and other relevant clinicopathologic parameters were recorded.ResultsDiffuse (4+) PRAME IHC expression was identified in 55% (12/22) SUM and 70% (14/20) AM, respectively. Any PRAME expression (1+ to 4+) was identified in 73% (16/22) SUMs and 95% (19/20) AM, respectively. One of 14 (7%) AN exhibited PRAME expression; interestingly, the pattern of expression was diffuse.ConclusionsIn our study, PRAME IHC expression was useful in identifying AM, including SUM. However, there are exceptions of PRAME‐negative melanomas and PRAME‐positive nevi.
Electrophysiological complexity in the rat dorsomedial hypothalamus and its susceptibility to daily rhythms and high‐fat diet
Authors: Sanetra Anna Magdalena , Palus‐Chramiec Katarzyna , Chrobok Lukasz , Lewandowski Marian Henryk 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) in amongst the most important brain structures involved in the regulation of feeding behaviour and metabolism. In contrast to other hypothalamic centres, its main role is related to the circadian rhythmicity of food intake and energy homeostasis; both reported to be disrupted in obesity. In modern world, overweight and obesity reached global epidemic proportions. Thus, not only is it important to study their negative implications but also the mechanism responsible for their development. Here, we exposed rats to short‐term (2–4 weeks) high‐fat diet (HFD)—not long enough to induce obesity. Next, we performed electrophysiological patch‐clamp recordings ex vivo from neurons in the DMH either during the day or at night. Our results showed a day‐to‐night change in the firing frequency of DMH cells, with higher activity during the dark phase. This was abolished by HFD consumption, resulting in a decreased threshold for action potential generation during the day and therefore increased electrical activity at this phase. We propose this electrophysiological disturbance as a mechanism for the induction of abnormal daytime feeding, previously observed for HFD‐fed animals, which might in turn contribute to the development of obesity. In addition, we provide an electrophysiological characteristic of DMH neurons with a separation into three anatomically and functionally distinct subpopulations, namely, the compact part, separating the structure into the ventral and dorsal divisions. Our study is the first to show electrophysiological complexity of the DMH with its sensitivity to diet and daily rhythms.
Small RNAs in Cnidaria: A review
Authors: Li Yiqian , Hui Jerome H. L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAs fundamental components of RNA silencing, small RNA (sRNA) molecules ranging from 20 to 32 nucleotides in length have been found as potent regulators of gene expression and genome stability in many biological processes of eukaryotes. Three major small RNAs are active in animals, including the microRNA (miRNA), short interfering RNA (siRNA), and PIWI‐interacting RNA (piRNA). Cnidarians, the sister group to bilaterians, are at a critical phylogenetic node to better model eukaryotic small RNA pathway evolution. To date, most of our understanding of sRNA regulation and its potential contribution to evolution has been limited to a few triploblastic bilaterian and plant models. The diploblastic nonbilaterians, including the cnidarians, are understudied in this regard. Therefore, this review will present the current‐known small RNA information in cnidarians to enhance our understanding of the development of the small RNA pathways in early branch animals.
Soil–plant interactions modulated water availability of Swiss forests during the 2015 and 2018 droughts
Authors: Meusburger Katrin , Trotsiuk Volodymyr , Schmidt‐Walter Paul , Baltensweiler Andri , Brun Philipp , Bernhard Fabian , Gharun Mana , Habel Raphael , Hagedorn Frank , Köchli Roger , Psomas Achilleas , Puhlmann Heike , Thimonier Anne , Waldner Peter , Zimmermann Stephan , Walthert Lorenz 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCentral Europe has been experiencing unprecedented droughts during the last decades, stressing the decrease in tree water availability. However, the assessment of physiological drought stress is challenging, and feedback between soil and vegetation is often omitted because of scarce belowground data. Here we aimed to model Swiss forests' water availability during the 2015 and 2018 droughts by implementing the mechanistic soil‐vegetation‐atmosphere‐transport (SVAT) model LWF‐Brook90 taking advantage of regionalized depth‐resolved soil information. We calibrated the model against soil matric potential data measured from 2014 to 2018 at 44 sites along a Swiss climatic and edaphic drought gradient. Swiss forest soils' storage capacity of plant‐available water ranged from 53 mm to 341 mm, with a median of 137 ± 42 mm down to the mean potential rooting depth of 1.2 m. Topsoil was the primary water source. However, trees switched to deeper soil water sources during drought. This effect was less pronounced for coniferous trees with a shallower rooting system than for deciduous trees, which resulted in a higher reduction of actual transpiration (transpiration deficit) in coniferous trees. Across Switzerland, forest trees reduced the transpiration by 23% (compared to potential transpiration) in 2015 and 2018, maintaining annual actual transpiration comparable to other years. Together with lower evaporative fluxes, the Swiss forests did not amplify the blue water deficit. The 2018 drought, characterized by a higher and more persistent transpiration deficit than in 2015, triggered widespread early wilting across Swiss forests that was better predicted by the SVAT‐derived mean soil matric potential in the rooting zone than by climatic predictors. Such feedback‐driven quantification of ecosystem water fluxes in the soil–plant‐atmosphere continuum will be crucial to predicting physiological drought stress under future climate extremes.
Defining the micro and macro roles of a hemophilia treatment center social worker in the United States from an interdisciplinary team perspective
Authors: Bartlett Diane L. , Schnur Kathaleen M. , Wilson Amy K. , Moorman Spencer S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe social worker (SW) role in the Hemophilia Treatment Center (HTC) is complex and broad, providing direct support, spanning across micro, mezzo and macro levels of care.AimResearch demonstrates discrepancy between actual and ideal SW roles among the HTC SW community. Soliciting perceptions from HTC staff about the SW role can provide a deeper understanding of this discrepancy and improve collaboration amongst care team members in meeting the psychosocial needs of HTC patients.MethodsFunded by the National Hemophilia Foundation (NHF), a national online survey was conducted in 2020 to determine the views and attitudes of what the SW role is by HTC staff. Separate surveys were emailed to active HTC SWs and staff to collect anonymous data. Demographics of SWs gathered included age, education, years of practice, full time equivalent (FTE) status, and caseload. All disciplines were asked questions about perceptions, barriers, and potential ways to enhance and strengthen the SW role within HTCs.ResultsResults demonstrated that subcategory‐oriented questions (40 in total) and qualitative responses highlighted diverse viewpoints and offered clarity about these differences.ConclusionFindings indicated most HTC staff value the multi‐faceted role of SW at their centres, and both groups identified time, limited resources, and role confusion as barriers to utilizing SW services. Outcomes will inform the development of a “standards of practice” tool that will provide education for HTC staff, patients, and families, and serve as an empowerment tool for SW to highlight their skillset and define their role.
Landscape of health sciences librarian‐mediated search services
Authors: Westmark Danielle M. , Hartman Teresa L. , Schmidt Cynthia M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundHealth librarians have traditionally provided mediated searches to support patient care, education and research.ObjectivesThis study aims to discover the types of search result formats used by health science libraries, determine current practice among health science libraries (types of requesters served, fees, deduplication, turnaround time and citation manager use) and uncover innovative methods for providing search results.MethodsAn online survey was distributed to the MEDLIB‐L, ExpertSearching, MidContinental Chapter of the Medical Library Association and ICON listservs and through direct email to selected Association of Academic Health Sciences Libraries reference and education librarians.ResultsLibrarians affiliated with 127 institutions from 11 countries (including the USS) and 36 USS states and territories responded. One hundred and forty‐two of the total 150 analysed responses provided information on full‐text access, and 81 of those 142 responses (57%) indicated that the institutions' link‐resolver links were included in search results provided to the requester. The survey responses provide information on literature search services regarding turnaround time, use of a citation managers, fees and deduplication.ConclusionWith the developing landscape of citation managers and the tools offered, these data can be used as a benchmark for librarians who are considering evaluating or modifying their search service delivery.
Students' increased time spent on social media, and their level of coronavirus anxiety during the pandemic, predict increased social media addiction
Authors: Parlak Sert Hilal , Başkale Hatice 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundDuring the COVID‐19 pandemic period, the level of anxiety and the duration of social media use increased in university students.ObjectivesThis study aimed to examine the relationship between coronavirus anxiety and social media addiction in university students.MethodsThe sample consisted of 346 university students in Turkey. The data were collected online using the Sociodemographic Data Form, the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale Short Form and the Social Network Addiction Scale. The data were analysed using one‐way analysis of variance, Mann–Whitney U test, Pearson correlation analysis, chi‐square analysis and multiple linear regression analysis.ResultsThe results showed that the mean coronavirus anxiety score was higher in men than in women. Social media addiction increased as the daily time spent by the students on social media increased. A positive correlation was found between the daily time spent on social media before the pandemic and social media usage during the pandemic. It was concluded that students use social media more during the pandemic than before it and that social media addiction increases as the students' coronavirus anxiety increases.ConclusionIt is important to plan initiatives to reduce coronavirus anxiety to prevent social media addiction in young people.Study Location and SampleThe research population consisted of 1st and 2nd year students who are studying in the Medical Services and Techniques Department of Vocational School of Health Services at a university located in the west of Turkey, during the Fall Term of academic year 2020–2021. Students in this department are studying in anaesthesia, dialysis, first and emergency aid, medical laboratory techniques, medical imaging technique, and medical documentation and secretarial programmes.