bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circular RNA MYLK as a prognostic biomarker in patients with cancers: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Foroumadi Roham , Rashedi Sina , Asgarian Sara , Mardani Mahta , Keykhaei Mohammad , Farrokhpour Hossein , Javanshir Salar , Sarallah Rojin , Rezaei Nima 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundCircular RNA (circRNA) myosin light chain kinase (circMYLK) has recently received increasing attention in cancer biology. Several studies have suggested that circMYLK expression is linked to prognosis and clinicopathological characteristics of various malignancies.AimsThis study was carried out to systematically review the impact of circMYLK on the progression of multiple cancers and assess the significance of circMYLK in the prognosis and clinicopathological features of the patients.MethodsPubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were systematically searched until July 2, 2021. For qualitative synthesis, the signaling pathways of circMYLK in the progression of different cancers were summarized. Regarding the meta‐analysis, overall survival (OS) and eight clinicopathological characteristics of patients with cancers were addressed. Odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated to assess the association of circMYLK with prognostic and clinicopathological features.ResultsTwelve studies investigating the role of circMYLK in cancer progression met the inclusion criteria. Among these, seven studies investigated the prognostic significance of circMYLK, and nine studies ascertained the clinicopathological importance of circMYLK in patients with various malignancies. CircMYLK acts as a tumor promoter circRNA, leading to migration, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of neoplastic cells and inhibiting their apoptosis through interaction with several miRNAs and corresponding downstream signaling pathways. Overexpression of circMYLK was correlated with poor OS (HR = 1.75; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.52–2.02) and larger tumor size (OR = 2.90; 95% CI 1.03–8.15), higher T stage (OR = 2.49; 95% CI 1.20–5.18), lymph node metastasis (OR = 2.55; 95% CI 1.41–4.62), and higher TNM stage (OR = 4.62; 95% CI 2.99–7.14).ConclusionsCircMYLK is involved in the progression of numerous cancers via different signaling pathways. This circRNA can serve as a promising prognostic biomarker for several types of malignancies. Furthermore, high expression of circMYLK is associated with advanced clinicopathological characteristics in various tumors.
Numerical Analysis of Dislocation Density of c‐, a‐, m‐axes Grown Al2O3 Crystals during Annealing Process
Authors: Kakimotoa, Koichi , Nakanoa Satoshi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA numerical study of dislocation density is carried out by 3D and time‐dependent analysis using the Alexander–Haasen model to estimate growth direction dependence of plastic deformation of Al2O3 single crystals during the annealing process. The direction of crystal growth is set to c‐, a‐, and m‐axes. The calculated results show distribution of dislocation density in the crystal grown in the c‐axis has a sixfold symmetry while those in the crystals grown in the a‐ and m‐axes show asymmetric distribution. Dislocation densities in the a‐ and m‐axes Al2O3 crystals are larger than that in the c‐axis crystal.
Efficient Solar Cells Sensitized by Organic Concerted Companion Dyes Suitable for Indoor Lamps
Authors: Wang Xueyan , Wang Yuqing , Zou Jiazhi , Luo Jiaxin , Li Chengjie , Xie Yongshu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this work, organic concerted companion (CC) dyes CCOD‐1 and CCOD‐2 were constructed by covalently linking two organic dye units with complementary absorption spectra. Both CC dyes exhibited intense absorption from 300 to 650 nm with the band edges extended to 700 nm. These CC dyes were used to fabricate dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), and the photovoltaic performance was investigated using different light sources. CCOD‐2 possessed bulkier outer shelter than CCOD‐1 owing to the longer carbon chains (C12) at the donor moiety, and thus it had stronger anti‐aggregation and anti‐charge‐recombination ability. Under simulated sunlight (AM1.5G), CCOD‐2 exhibited enhanced photovoltaic behavior with an open‐circuit voltage (VOC) of 759 mV, short‐circuit current density (JSC) of 19.23 mA ⋅ cm−2, and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.4 %, respectively. Notably, under the illumination of the indoor T5 fluorescent lamp (2500 lux), CCOD‐2 afforded an enhanced PCE of 28.0 % with remarkable VOC and JSC of 692 mV and 0.424 mA cm−2, respectively. Notably, the PCE achieved for CCOD‐2 outperformed those of the reference sensitizer N719 and our previously reported CC dyes XW61 and XW70‐C8 under the same indoor lamp conditions. In summary, the novel organic CC dyes developed in this work were demonstrated to be promising for fabricating DSSCs to efficiently harvest the energy of indoor lamps.
A biobehavioral circadian model of restrictive eating and binge eating
Authors: De Young Kyle P. , Bottera Angeline R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCaloric consumption occurs in rhythms, typically during daytime, waking hours, marked by peaks at mealtimes. These rhythms are disrupted in individuals with eating disorders; mealtime peaks are blunted and delayed relative to sleep/waketimes. Individuals with eating disorders also tend to experience an overall phase delay in appetite; they lack hunger earlier in the day and experience atypically high hunger later in the day, the latter of which may culminate in binge‐eating episodes. This disruptive appetitive behavior—early in the day restrictive eating and later in the day binge eating—may be partially accounted for by circadian disruptions, which play a role in coordinating appetitive rhythms. Moreover, restrictive eating and binge eating themselves may further disrupt circadian synchronization, as meal timing serves as one of many external signals to the central circadian pacemaker. Here, we introduce the biobehavioral circadian model of restrictive eating and binge eating, which posits a central role for circadian disruption in the development and maintenance of restrictive eating and binge eating, highlighting modifiable pathways unacknowledged in existing explanatory models. Evidence supporting this model would implicate the need for biobehavioral circadian regulation interventions to augment existing eating disorder treatments for individuals experiencing circadian rhythm disruption.Public SignificanceExisting treatments for eating disorders that involve binge eating and restrictive eating mandate a regular pattern of eating; this is largely responsible for early behavioral change. This intervention may work partly by regulating circadian rhythm and diurnal appetitive disruptions. Supplementing existing treatments with additional elements specifically designed to regulate circadian rhythm and diurnal appetitive rhythms may increase the effectiveness of treatments, which presently do not benefit all who receive them.
The association between markers of type I collagen synthesis and echocardiographic response to spironolactone in patients at risk of heart failure: findings from the HOMAGE trial
Authors: Kobayashi Masatake , Girerd Nicolas , Ferreira João Pedro , Kevin Duarte , Huttin Olivier , González Arantxa , Bozec Erwan , Clark Andrew L. , Cosmi Franco , Cuthbert Joe , Diez Javier , Edelmann Frank , Hazebroek Mark , Heymans Stephane , Mariottoni Beatrice , Pellicori Pierpaolo , Petutschnigg Johannes , Pieske Burkert , Staessen Jan A. , Verdonschot Job A.J. , Rossignol Patrick , Cleland John G.F. , Zannad Faiez ,   on behalf of the HOMAGE Trial Committees and Investigators
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimsProcollagen type I C‐terminal propeptide (PICP) and procollagen type III N‐terminal propeptide (PIIINP) are markers reflecting collagen synthesis in cardiac fibrosis. However, they may be influenced by the presence of non‐cardiac comorbidities (e.g. ageing, obesity, renal impairment). Understanding the associations between markers of collagen synthesis and abnormalities of cardiac structure and function is important to screen for myocardial fibrosis and monitor the antifibrotic effect of medications.Methods and resultsThe HOMAGE (Heart ‘OMics’ in AGEing) trial showed that spironolactone decreased serum PICP concentrations and improved cardiac remodelling over 9 months in a population at risk of developing heart failure (HF). We evaluated the associations between echocardiographic variables, PICP, PIIINP and galectin‐3 at baseline and during the course of the trial. Among 527 individuals (74 ± 7 years, 26% women), median serum concentrations of PICP, PIIINP and galectin‐3 were 80.6 μg/L (65.1–97.0), 3.9 μg/L (3.1–5.0), and 16.1 μg/L (13.5–19.7), respectively. After adjustment for potential confounders, higher serum PICP was significantly associated with left ventricular hypertrophy, left atrial enlargement, and greater ventricular stiffness (all p < 0.05), whereas serum PIIINP and galectin‐3 were not (all p > 0.05). In patients treated with spironolactone, a reduction in serum PICP during the trial was associated with a decrease in E/e′ (adjusted‐beta = 0.93, 95% confidence interval 0.14–1.73; p = 0.022).ConclusionsIn individuals at high risk of developing HF, serum PICP was associated with cardiac structural and functional abnormalities, and a decrease in PICP with spironolactone was correlated with improved diastolic dysfunction as assessed by E/e′. In contrast, no such associations were present for serum PIIINP and galectin‐3.
Analysis of microbial diversity and succession during Xiaoqu Baijiu fermentation using high‐throughput sequencing technology
Authors: Wang Qing , Wang ChaoYan , Xiang XiaoQing , Xu HaiLin , Han GuoQiang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this study, high‐throughput sequencing (HTS) was used to compare and analyze the microbial diversity and succession during the brewing process of xiaoqu Baijiu. A total of 34 phyla and 378 genera of bacteria, as well as four phyla, 32 genera of fungi were detected. At the phylum level, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Ascomycota, and Mucoromycota were the dominant groups. During the brewing process of xiaoqu Baijiu, the dominant bacteria were Weissella and unidentified Rickettsiales within the first 2 days of brewing, followed by Lactobacillus at 3 days until to the end of brewing. The dominant fungi were Rhizopus, Saccharomyces, and Issatchenkia. The relative abundance of Rhizopus decreased with the extension of brewing time, while the relative abundance of Saccharomyces increased, and Saccharomyces became the dominant species at the second day of brewing. This study revealed the diversity and changes of the microbial community during the brewing process of xiaoqu Baijiu, providing theoretical support and laying a foundation for future study on the contribution of microbial metabolism during brewing of xiaoqu Baijiu, thereby promoting the development of xiaoqu Baijiu industry.
Comparative study of simultaneous use of a double or a triple skin facade with phase change materials, green roof, and photovoltaics in residential buildings of Iran
Authors: Izadpanah Sobhan , Fazelpour Farivar , Eftekhari Yazdi Mohammad 
Published: June 2022

AbstractResearchers have proposed and studied many methods to reduce energy consumption in the construction sector. However, simultaneous use of phase‐change material (PCM) and green roofs in a building with double‐ or triple‐skin facades (DSF or TSF) has not been analyzed to date. Accordingly, this is the first study to evaluate and compare the design of two scenarios combining passive and active methods, including (1) simultaneous use of a DSF, PCM, green roof, and photovoltaics (PV), and (2) simultaneous use of a TSF, PCM, green roof, and PV in hot arid steppe‐dry mid‐latitude (Tehran) desert biome‐dry tropical (Yazd), and mild‐humid climate (Amol) in Iran. It was found that the first scenario works better in reducing the heating load and the second scenario is more effective in reducing the cooling load. The results indicate that the reduction of the annual heating load in the first scenario was 49, 45.1, and 40.7 MWh/year in Tehran, Yazd, and Amol, respectively, and that the reduction of cooling load in the second scenario was 48.4, 31.9, and 16 MWh/year in Yazd, Tehran, and Amol, respectively. The 14 different modes of combining these passive methods and PV system were then compared. The results indicate that the second proposed scenario caused the lowest annual energy consumption compared to that of other modes and saved 70% of annual energy consumption. Consequently, the effect of leaf area index, cavity width, and orientation that are selected as primary parameters affecting the thermal performance of the mentioned methods on this scenario were investigated.
CGNet‐assisted Automatic Vessel Segmentation for Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Authors: Yu Xiaojun , Ge Chenkun , Aziz Muhammad Zulkifal , Li Mingshuai , Shum Perry Ping , Liu Linbo , Mo Jianhua 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAutomatic optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) vessel segmentation is of great significance to retinal disease diagnoses. Due to the complex vascular structure, however, various existing factors make the segmentation task challenging. This paper reports a novel end‐to‐end three‐stage channel and position attention (CPA) module integrated graph reasoning convolutional neural network (CGNet) for retinal OCTA vessel segmentation. Specifically, in the coarse stage, both CPA and graph reasoning network (GRN) modules are integrated in between a U‐shaped neural network encoder and decoder to acquire vessel confidence maps. After being directed into a fine stage, such confidence maps are concatenated with the original image and the generated fine image map as a 3‐channel image to refine retinal micro‐vasculatures. Finally, both the fine and refined images are fused at the refining stage as the segmentation results. Experiments with different public datasets are conducted to verify the efficacy of the proposed CGNet. Results show that by employing the end‐to‐end training scheme and the integrated CPA and GRN modules, CGNet achieves 94.29% and 85.62% in area under the ROC curve (AUC) for the two different datasets, outperforming the state‐of‐the‐art existing methods with both improved operability and reduced complexity in different cases. Code is available at https://github.com/GE-123-cpu/CGnet-for-vessel-segmentation.
Human mucosal Vα7.2+CD161hi T cell distribution at physiologic state and inHelicobacter pyloriinfection
Authors: Boonpattanaporn Norasate , Kongkaew Thidarat , Sengprasert Panjana , Souter Michael N T , Lakananurak Narisorn , Rerknimitr Rungsun , Corbett Alexandra J , Reantragoon Rangsima 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are innate-like, unconventional T cells that are present in peripheral blood and mucosal surfaces. A clear understanding of how MAIT cells in the mucosae function and their role in host immunity is still lacking. Therefore, our aim was to investigate MAIT cell distribution and their characteristics in the gastrointestinal (GI) mucosal tissue based on Vα7.2+CD161hi identification. We showed that Vα7.2+CD161hi T cells are present in both intraepithelial layer and lamina propriae of the GI mucosa, but have different abundance at each GI site. Vα7.2+CD161hi T cells were most abundant in the duodenum, but had the lowest reactivity to MR1-5-OP-RU tetramers when compared with Vα7.2+CD161hi T cells at other GI tissue sites. Striking discrepancies between MR1-5-OP-RU tetramer reactive cells and Vα7.2+CD161hi T cells were observed along each GI tissue sites. Vα7.2+CD161hi TCR repertoire was most diverse in the ileum. Similar dominant profiles of TRBV usage were observed among peripheral blood, duodenum, ileum, and colon. Some TRBV chains were detected at certain intestinal sites and not elsewhere. The frequency of peripheral blood Vα7.2+CD161hi T cells correlated with mucosal Vα7.2+CD161hi T cells in lamina propriae ileum and lamina propriae colon. The frequency of peripheral blood Vα7.2+CD161hi T cells in Helicobacter pylori-infected individuals was significantly lower than uninfected individuals, but this was not observed with gastric Vα7.2+CD161hi T cells. This study illustrates the biology of Vα7.2+CD161hi T cells in the GI mucosa and provides a basis for understanding MAIT cells in the mucosa and MAIT-related GI diseases.
Survival rates of two nesting aggregations of diamondback terrapins at neighboring sites in New York City
Authors: Roe Maria T. , Anadón Jose D. , Burke Russell L. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe diamondback terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin) is a charismatic and long‐lived species of the United States eastern coast, and the only North American turtle that exclusively inhabits coastal brackish waters. Many terrapin populations are declining, and these declines have been largely linked to human activities; however, few studies have documented human and natural factors affecting terrapin population demography. Jamaica Bay, an urban estuary located in southern New York City, USA, is home to 2 nesting aggregations of terrapins, located at Ruler's Bar Hassock (RBH) and John F. Kennedy Airport (JFK). We analyzed mark‐recapture data for RBH from 2003–2018 and JFK from 2011–2018 to estimate annual survivorship of female diamondback terrapins and test the effects of 3 factors (a hurricane, water quality represented by nitrogen concentration, and injuries) on survival. The initial estimated annual survival was high (0.93) at RBH but declined to 0.89, while survival remained constant at JFK (0.92). Models examining the effect of Hurricane Sandy (2012) indicated a significant decline in survival in the 2 years following the hurricane in the RBH nesting aggregation but no change at JFK. Water quality did not influence trends in either aggregation, but the presence of major injuries (caused by boat collisions, predators, and the hurricane) significantly reduced annual survival at RBH. We propose increasing terrapin survivorship through mitigation of boat traffic, reducing populations of northern raccoons (Procyon lotor) to reduce injury to female terrapins and decrease egg and hatchling mortality, and increased law enforcement to reduce on‐going poaching and capture as illegal by‐catch.
A decision‐making experiment under wind power forecast uncertainty
Authors: Möhrlen Corinna , Bessa Ricardo J. , Fleischhut Nadine 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAs the penetration levels of renewable energy sources increase and climatic changes produce more and more extreme weather conditions, the uncertainty of weather and power production forecasts can no longer be ignored for grid operation and electricity market bidding. In order to support the energy industry in the integration of uncertainty forecasts into their business practices, this work describes an experiment conducted with 105 participants from the energy industry. In the framework of an IEA Wind Task 36 workshop, the experiment aimed to investigate existing psychological barriers in the industry to adopt probabilistic forecasts and to better understand human decision processes. We designed and ran a ‘decision game’ to demonstrate the potential benefits of uncertainty forecasts in a realistic—although simplified—problem, where an energy trader had to decide whether to trade 100% or 50% of the energy of an offshore wind park on a given day based on deterministic and probabilistic uncertainty day‐ahead forecasts. The focus thus was on a decision‐making process dealing with extremes that can cause high costs in the form of security issues in the electric grid for system operators, or high monetary losses for traders, who have bid a power production into the market that failed to be produced due to high‐speed shutdown of the wind turbines. This paper presents the obtained results, extracts behavioural conclusions and identifies how to overcome psychological barriers to the adoption of uncertainty forecasts in the energy industry.
Pure State Tomography with Fourier Transformation
Authors: Wang Yu , Li Keren 
Published: June 2022

AbstractExtracting information from quantum devices has long been a crucial problem in the field of quantum mechanics. By performing elaborate measurements, quantum state tomography, an important and fundamental tool in quantum science and technology, can be used to determine unknown quantum states completely. In this study, methods to determine multi‐qubit pure quantum states uniquely and directly are explored. Two adaptive protocols are proposed, with their respective quantum circuits. Herein, two or three observables are sufficient, while the number of measurement outcomes are either the same as or fewer than those in existing methods. Additionally, experiments on the IBM 5‐qubit quantum computer, as well as numerical investigations, demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed protocols.
Influence of slaking on the size distributions of water‐stable aggregates
Authors: Fu Yu , Zhang Yangjian , Gu Huiyan , Chen Xiangwei , Zhao Yikai , Wang Han 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWet sieving is a common practice used to treat soil samples before analyses. However, slaking might occur during wet sieving, and this significantly affects analytical accuracy. To minimize side effects caused by slaking, we treated soils with ethanol and investigated the resulting efficiencies. Soil aggregates from the black soil zone of northeast China were selected as the study objects. In combination with Yoder's traditional wet‐sieving method, ethanol‐soaked aggregates were exposed to air under three different conditions (no exposure, brief exposure, and long‐term exposure) to assess whether slaking could be eliminated during wet sieving and to clarify whether slaking would reoccur when ethanol‐soaked aggregates were exposed to air. The results showed that soaking aggregates in ethanol fully eliminated the entrapped air and that the slaking effect was completely prevented during wet sieving. Compared with Yoder's wet‐sieving method, ethanol soaking increased the mass percentages of aggregates sized >2 and 2–1 mm by 51.06 and 3.67%, respectively. Regardless of whether the sample was exposed to air, patterns of the size distributions of ethanol‐soaked aggregates remained unchanged after wet sieving. When ethanol‐soaked aggregates were briefly exposed to air, there was no apparent slaking effect. Nevertheless, because the aggregates were soaked in ethanol, the internal structure of the aggregates was reinforced and the aggregates were not evidently dispersed and broken despite slight slaking during wet sieving. These findings provide a reference for studying water‐stable aggregates and improving measurement accuracies.
Use of Palm Oil Waste for Activated Carbons Production and Its Application in Methylene Blue Removal
Authors: Jaramillo‐Martínez Daniela , Buitrago‐Sierra Robison , López Diana 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAiming to add value to the ever‐increasing amount of residues from the palm oil industry around the world, lignocellulosic waste from palm oil (Lp) was used in this study to prepare activated carbons (ACLp) by chemical activation using KOH at 700 °C developing an area up to 1683 m2 g−1, this value was higher than that obtained for a sample of activated carbon prepared from commercial lignin (ACLc) of 588 m2 g−1. The activated carbons were deeply characterized by different techniques as SEM, FTIR, TGA, and nitrogen adsorption isotherms. The adsorption capacity of the obtained activated carbons for methylene blue (MB) was assessed. According to the results of the mathematical fits performed to the adsorption process, the adsorption isotherm showed a better fit to the Langmuir‐Freundlich model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 188 and 51 mg g−1 for ACLp and ACLc respectively. In addition, its adsorption kinetics was found to fit better to the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model. Additionally, the ΔG0 value was lower for ACLp (−31 KJ mol−1) than for ACLc (−26 KJ mol−1) showing that the interaction between the MB and ACLp is more favorable.