bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluate Urban Resilience in Light of Water Resources and Identify Critical Driving Factors-a Case Study from the Yangtze River Economic Belt's Lower Reaches
Authors: An Min , Song Mengfei , He Weijun , Huang Jin , Fang Xue 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The acceleration of urbanization created a series of problems such as water shortage crisis and serious water pollution which brought the vulnerability of urban water resources, thus affected the economic and social development of city and increased risk of external impact on the urban system. Therefore, improving urban resilience (UR) from the viewpoint of water resources plays an essential role in resisting external shocks. Our paper based on 21 cities along the Yangtze River Economic Belt’s (YREB) lower reaches relevant data from 2010 to 2018, constructs a new UR evaluation framework of “Economy-Society-Infrastructure-Water Resources”. Then the Projection Pursuit Evaluation Model of Real Coding based on Accelerating Genetic Algorithm (RAGA-PP) is used to measure the UR scientifically, Geographic Detectors (GD) method detected and analyzed the UR driving factors. The results present that: (1) The general level of UR in study area was low and characterized by attenuation from central cities to marginal cities, among them Shanghai is the highest (0.651), while Chizhou is the lowest (0.178). The resilience of cities along the YREB’s lower reaches shows a downward trend. (2) Compared with the UR without considering water resources, the UR from the perspective of water resources is relatively higher. Which means that cities along the YREB’s lower reaches have enhanced their ability to deal with external pressure and impact from the perspective of water resources. (3) Water resources and Infrastructure were two factors affected the spatial diversity of UR along the YREB’s lower reaches in 2018 and their average explanatory power of factors increased by 30.610% and 139.035% respectively; the explanatory power of Economy (5.270%) and Society (1.342%) were relatively smaller. With these findings our paper provides relevant suggestions to enhance UR along the YREB’s lower reaches from the perspective of water resources.
Control strategies used in lower limb exoskeletons for gait rehabilitation after brain injury: a systematic review and analysis of clinical effectiveness
Authors: de Miguel-Fernandez Jesus , Lobo-Prat Joan , Prinsen Erik , Font-Llagunes Josep Maria , Marchal-Crespo Laura 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
BackgroundIn the past decade, there has been substantial progress in the development of robotic controllers that specify how lower-limb exoskeletons should interact with brain-injured patients. However, it is still an open question which exoskeleton control strategies can more effectively stimulate motor function recovery. Within this review, we aim to complement previous literature surveys on the topic of exoskeleton control for gait rehabilitation by: (1) Providing an updated structured framework of current control strategies, (2) Analyzing the methodology of clinical validations used in the robotic interventions, and (3) Reporting the potential relation between the employed control strategies and clinical outcomes. MethodsFour databases were searched using database-specific search terms from 2000 to September 2020. We identified 1648 articles, of which 159 were included and evaluated in full-text. We included studies that clinically evaluated the effectiveness of the exoskeleton on impaired participants, and which clearly explained or referenced the implemented control strategy. Results(1) We found that adaptive assistive control (100 \% of exoskeletons) that followed rule-based algorithms (72 \%) based on ground reaction force thresholds (63 \%) in conjunction with trajectory-tracking control (97 \%) were the most implemented control strategies. (2) Regarding the clinical validations used in the robotic interventions, we found high variability on the experimental protocols and outcome metrics selected. (3) With moderate grade of evidence, associated to the high heterogeneity in the experimental protocol and low number of studies, we found that adaptive control strategies, which followed threshold-based or adaptive oscillator algorithms together with trajectory-tracking control, resulted in the highest improvements on clinical outcomes for people with stroke. ConclusionsDespite the efforts to develop novel more effective controllers for gait neurorehabilitation, the current level of evidence on the effectiveness of the different control strategies on clinical outcomes is still low. There is a clear lack of standardization in the experimental protocols leading to high levels of heterogeneity. Standardized comparisons among control strategies analyzing the relation between control parameters and biomechanical metrics will fill this gap to better guide future technical developments. The most promising controllers seem to be those that adapt to key biomechanical descriptors based on the patients' specific pathology.
Development of In-situ MMC Joint Using Friction Stir Spot Welding of Al6061-T6
Authors: Chaudhary Neeru , Singh Sarbjit 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this study, friction stir spot welded joints of Al6061-T6 were obtained using Silicon Carbide particles as reinforcement. The effect of reinforced particles along with process parameters was analyzed in terms of tensile-shear strength, weld structure, hook formation. The investigations revealed that tensile-shear strength increased by 29.78 % with incorporation of silicon carbides particles in the weld region. The guiding hole diameter was found to be significant parameter for improved weld strength. Combination of moderate tool rotation speed, higher pre-dwelling time and guiding hole diameter were recognized as effective combination of process parameters. Weld cross sections were studied under stereo zoom microscope and optical microscope to observe different bonding regions. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed the presence of silicon carbides particles in weld region.
Compact Filtering-Diamond Antenna Designed For 5G Applications at the n77-Band
Authors: Ouadi Zakaria El , Khabba Asma , Amadid Jamal , Yassini Abdessalam El , Ibnyaich Saida , Zeroual Abdelouhab 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A new compact microstip filtering Diamond Antenna (DA) is presented in this article for possible applications in the Fifth-Generation (5G) at the n77-band (3.3 GHz- 4.2 GHz), such as, Fixed Satellite Service (FSS) which is a radiocommunication system between fixed earth stations utilizing one or more satellites. The structure is implemented on an FR4 Epoxy substrate wich has a dielectric constant ϵr = 4.4, a loss tangent tan(δ) = 0.025 and a thickness h equal to 1.6 mm. The substrate has a small size of 39.7×30×1.6 mm3 which make it suitable to be integrated in various intelligent systems. A good results are obtained with this design, starting with the reflection coefficient S11 which is equal to -22.31 dB at the first resonant frequency 3.57 GHz and -34.41 dB at the second resonant frequency 4.10 GHz. Several other results will be presented and discussed later in this article. The software used for the simulation is High-Frequency Structure Simulator (ANSYS HFSS) which employs the finite element approach. A prototype of the filtenna (filtering Antenna) was fabricated and measured using the Vectorial Network Analyzer 3656D (VNA).
Identification of key endometrial microRNAs and its target genes associated with pathogenesis of recurrent implantation failure by integrated bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Shang Jin , Cheng Yanfei , Li Min , Wang Hui , Zhang Jinning , Guo Xinmeng , Cao Dandan , YAO YuanQing 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) is an enormous challenge for In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) clinicians. Understanding of the molecular mechanisms of RIF helps to predict prognosis and develop new therapeutic strategies. The study is designed to identify diagnosis biomarkers for RIF, as well as the potential mechanisms underlying RIF by utilizing public databases together with experimental validation.
Methods
Two microarray datasets of RIF patients and healthy controls endometrium were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Firstly, differentially expressed microRNAs(miRNAs) (DEMs) were identified and their target genes were predicted. Then we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and selected hub genes through Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analyses. Functional enrichment analyses of DEGs and DEMs were conducted. Furthermore, the key DEMs which targeted those hub genes were selected to obtain key miRNA-target genes network. The key genes in miRNA-target genes network were validation by a single cell RNA-sequencing dataset of endometrium from GEO. Finally, we selected two miRNA-target genes pairs to further experimental validation used dual-luciferase assay and quantitative PCR (qPCR).
Results
We identified 49 DEMs between RIF patients and fertile group and found 136,678 target genes. Then 325 DEGs were totally used to construct PPI network, and 33 hub genes were selected. 25 DEMs targeted 16 key DEGs were obtained to establish key miRNA-target genes network, and 16 key DEGs were validated by single cell RNA-sequencing dataset. Finally, the target relationship of hsa-miR-199a-5p-PDPN and hsa-miR-4306-PAX2 were verified by dual-luciferase assay, and there were significant differences in the expression of those genes between RIF and fertile group by PCR (P<0.05).
Conclusion
We constructed miRNA-target gene regulatory networks associated with RIF which provide new insights regarding the underlying pathogenesis of RIF. hsa-miR-199a-5p-PDPN, hsa-miR-4306-PAX2 could be further explored as potential biomarkers for RIF, and their detection in endometrium could be applied in clinics to estimate the probability of successful embryo transfer.
Co-delivery of repurposing Itraconazole and VEGF siRNA by composite nanoparticulate system for collaborative anti-angiogenesis and anti-tumor efficacy against breast cancer
Authors: Jin Mingji , Zeng Bowen , Liu Yanhong , Jin Li , Hou Yan , Liu Chao , Liu Wei , Wu Hao , Chen Liqing , Gao Zhonggao , Huang Wei 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Combination of two different therapeutic modalities of VEGF inhibitors against angiogenesis can cooperatively impede breast cancer tumor growth and enhance therapeutic efficacy. Itraconazole (ITZ) is a conventional antifungal drug with high safety, but it has been repurposed to be a multitarget anti-angiogenesis agent for cancer therapy in recent years. Results: In the present study, composite nanoparticles co-loaded with ITZ and VEGF siRNA were prepared in order to investigate their anti-angiogenesis efficacy and synergistic anticancer effect against breast cancer. The nanoparticles have suitable particle size (117.9 ± 10.3 nm) and weak positive surface charge (6.69 ± 2.46 mV), as well as good stability and drug release profile in vitro. Moreover, the nanoparticles were successfully taken up by 4T1 cells and escaped from endosomes, and realized cell apoptosis and cell proliferation inhibition in vitro. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that the nanoparticles successfully induced the silencing of VEGF-related expressions and inhibited angiogenesis. Furthermore, the in vivo results demonstrated that the co-loaded ITZ-siRNAVEGF NPs could inhibit tumor growth effectively due to the combined anti-angiogenesis and anti-tumor effect, as well as low toxicity and little side effects. Conclusions: Taken together, our study suggests that the as-prepared delivery vehicles are simple and safe nanoplatform that improve antitumor efficacy of VEGF siRNA and ITZ, which allows the repositioning of the generic drug ITZ as a great candidate for antitumor therapy.
Economic analysis through alternative data and big data techniques: what do they tell about Brazil?
Authors: Libório Matheus Pereira , Ekel Petr Iakovlevitch , Martins Carlos Augusto Paiva da Silva 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Alternative data are now widely used in economic analyses worldwide but still infrequent in studies on the Brazilian economy. This research demonstrates how alternative data extracted from Google Trends and Google Mobility contribute to innovative economic analysis. First, it demonstrates that the search for the future on the internet is correlated (R=0.62) with the average household income in Brazilian states. The three Brazilian states with the most people looking for the future on the internet have an average household income 1.6 times higher than people from states that do not have this behavior. The search for the future represents 10.9% of the economic development potential of the states, while the proportion of people with university degrees, scientific publications, and researchers represents another 60.4%. The reduction in mobility in retail/recreation locations averaged 34.28% in Brazil, Ecuador, Paraguay, and Uruguay. This group of countries had COVID-19 infection and death rates 1.25 and 1.74 times higher than in countries that reduced their mobility in retail/recreation locations by 45.03%. The impact of reduced mobility in retail/recreation locations on the unemployment rate, gross domestic product degrowth, and inflation in countries such as Brazil was 1.1, 2.2, and 2.6 times lower than in countries that reduced mobility more of people. The research contributions are associated with identifying new indicators extracted from alternative data and their application to carry out innovative economic analyses.JEL Code: A12; C00; E01; J1
Objective Assessment of Eye Alignment and Disparity-driven Vergence in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Gupta P. , Murray J.M. , Beylergil S. B. , Jacobs J. , Kilbane C.W. , Shaikh A.G. , Ghasia Fatema F. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Diplopia is a common non-motor symptom in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) affecting 1/3rd of patients. We used high-resolution video-oculography to demonstrate that diplopia in PD arises from disruption of binocular co-ordination of eye movements. Using video-oculography we measured fixation eye movements, the angle and control of eye alignment and its correlation to convergence insufficiency in 13 PD patients and 6 healthy controls. We found that all PD patients had larger amplitude of fixational saccades with increased inter-saccadic drifts particularly of the non-fixing or non-viewing eye. Eye movement recordings suggest that the extent of eye alignment varies across PD subjects, 38% had good eye alignment and control under monocular and binocular viewing similar to controls (Group1). 62% of PD patients had increase in eye position difference, which was outside the threshold window of good alignment under monocular and binocular viewing (Group2 PD). PD subjects with good eye alignment were less likely to exhibit saccadic responses to disparity-driven vergence whereas those with poor control and worse eye alignment were more likely to exhibit saccadic responses with staircase saccades. A cohort of PD patients (Group2) exhibited pure vergence or combined vergence/saccade responses; they had deficits of both fusion initiating (prolonged latencies, reduced gain and peak vergence velocities) and fusion sustaining components (increased eye position variance). The results demonstrate that the vergence abnormalities in PD subjects systematically correlate with both the angle and control of eye alignment. Further, our data suggests an interaction between the vergence and saccade subsystems in PD patients. Abnormalities of vergence in PD may be the result of direct effects of the disease on vergence motor control, coupled with disturbances in the saccadic pathway indirectly leading to effects on vergence.
Hayabusa2 returned samples: A unique and pristine record of outer Solar System materials from asteroid Ryugu
Authors: Ito Motoo , Tomioka Naotaka , Uesugi Masayuki , Yamaguchi Akira , Shirai Naoki , Ohigashi Takuji , Liu Ming-Chang , Greenwood Richard , Kimura Makoto , Imae Naoya , Uesugi Kentaro , Nakato Aiko , Yogata Kasumi , Yuzawa Hayato , Kodama Yu , Tsuchiyama Akira , Yasutake Masahiro , Findlay Ross , Franchi Ian , Malley James , McCain Kaitlyn , Matsuda Nozomi , McKeegan Kevin , Hirahara Kaori , Takeuchi Akihisa , Sekimoto Shun , Sakurai Ikuya , Okada Ikuo , Karouji Yuzuru , Arakawa Masahiko , Fujii Atsushi , Fujimoto Masaki , Hayakawa Masahiko , Hirata Naoyuki , Hirata Naru , Honda Rie , Honda Chikatoshi , Hosoda Satoshi , Iijima Yu-ichi , Ikeda Hitoshi , Ishiguro Masateru , Ishihara Yoshiaki , Iwata Takahiro , Kawahara Kosuke , Kikuchi Shota , Kitazato Kohei , Matsumoto Koji , Matsuoka Moe , Michikami Tatsuhiro , Mimasu Yuya , Miura Akira , Mori Osamu , Morota Tmokatsu , Nakazawa Satoru , Namiki Noriyuki , Noda Hirotomo , Noguchi Rina , Ogawa Naoko , Ogawa Kazunori , Okada Tatsuaki , Okamoto Chisato , Ono Go , Ozaki Masanobu , Saiki Takanao , Sakatani Naoya , Sawada Hirotaka , Senshu Hiroki , Shimaki Yuri , Shirai Kei , Sugita Seiji , Takei Yuto , Takeuchi Hiroshi , Tanaka Satoshi , Tatsumi Eri , Terui Fuyuto , Tsukizaki Ryudo , Wada Koji , Yamada Manabu , Yamada Tetsuya , Yamamoto Yukio , Yano Hajime , Yokota Yasuhiro , Yoshihara Keisuke , Yoshikawa Makoto , Yoshikawa Kent , Fukai Ryota , Furuya Shizuho , Hatakeda Kentaro , Hayashi Tasuku , Hitomi Yuya , Kumagai Kazuya , Miyazaki Akiko , Nishimura Masahiro , Soejima Hiromichi , Iwamae Ayako , Yamamoto Daiki , Yoshitake Miwa , Yada Toru , Abe Masanao , Usui Tomohiro , Watanabe Sei-ichiro , Tsuda Yuichi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
C-type asteroids likely formed in the outer Solar System and were then scattered inwards during giant planet migration (Walsh et al., 2011). They may have transported volatiles to the inner Solar System and created the conditions suitable for life on Earth(Alexander, 2017). Carbonaceous chondrites are fragments from C-type asteroids and provide evidence that these generally organic-rich (Garvie and Buseck, 2007) bodies experienced extensive aqueous alteration early in Solar System history (Alexander et al., 2014). On 6th December 2020, ~5.4g of material was delivered to Earth from the C-type asteroid 162173 Ryugu by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft (Yada et al., 2021). Here we present the results of an integrated bulk and micro-analytical study of Ryugu particles, which provides a unique insight into the interrelationship between aliphatic-rich organics and surrounding hydrous minerals at a sub-micrometer scale. This dataset has clear implications for better understanding the origin and early evolution of Solar System organic matter and demonstrates that Ryugu particles are among the most uncontaminated extraterrestrial materials so far studied.
Photochemical Synthesis of Transition Metal-Capped Uranium(VI) Nitride Complexes
Authors: Maron Laurent , Xin Xiaoqing , Douair Iskander , Zhao Yue , Wang Shuao , Zhu Congqing 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Uranium nitrides play important roles in dinitrogen activation and functionalization and in nuclear power chemistry, but the synthesis and isolation of mono-uranium molecular nitrides remains a challenge due to their high reactivity. Here, we report the first example of transition metal (TM)-capped mono-U(VI) nitride complexes, which was generated by the photolysis of azide-bridged U(IV)-TM (TM = Rh, Ir) precursors. The U(V) nitride intermediates with bridged azide ligands were isolated successfully by careful control of the irradiation time, suggesting that the photolysis of azide-bridged U(IV)-TM precursors is a stepwise process. The presence of two U(VI) nitrides capped by three TMs was clearly demonstrated by an X-ray crystallographic study. These TM-capped mono-U(V) nitride intermediates and mono-U(VI) nitride products exhibit excellent stability both in the solid-state and in THF solution under ambient light. Density functional theory calculations show that the photolysis was necessary to break the N-N bond of the azide ligands, as suggested by the antibonding N-N interaction in their lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals.
Effects of ciprofloxacin on turion germination and seedling development in two submerged aquatic plants
Authors: Fan Pei , Liu Chunhua , Ke Zhen , Zhou Wei , Wu Zhonghua 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Germination and seedling development are crucial processes for plant growth and survival, and asexual propagules are predominant reproduction organs for aquatic plants. Ciprofloxacin is widely detected in both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, while studies on its effects on germination and seedling development mainly focused on terrestrial plants. We evaluated effects of ciprofloxacin (0.1, 1, 5 and 10 mg/L) on turion germination and early establishment of two submerged plants species (Potamogeton crispus L and Hydrilla verticillata Royle). Results showed that ciprofloxacin did not impact germination rate and rooting rate of both species. However, 0.1 mg/L ciprofloxacin significantly accelerated germination of H. verticillata while 5-10 mg/L ciprofloxacin significantly delayed rooting process of both species. With rising ciprofloxacin concentrations and prolonging exposure time, seedling tolerance index and root number of both species decreased significantly, and shoot number decreased slightly in P. crispus but kept increasing in H. verticillata, suggesting better tolerance of the later under ciprofloxacin exposure. Root and shoot biomass accumulation of both species was significantly inhibited, which was partially due to ciprofloxacin toxicity on photosynthetic pigments. By integrating the biomarkers including plant antioxidants, lipid peroxidation degree and hydrogen peroxide contents, we found that the holistically toxicological effects of ciprofloxacin on seedlings of both species were enhanced with increasing ciprofloxacin concentrations. Overall, ciprofloxacin impacted turion germination process and harmed early establishment of these two submerged plants, which might suggest adverse effects of ciprofloxacin on the survival and expansion of submerged aquatic plant populations and their restoration effectiveness for degraded aquatic vegetations.
Error Fields: Robotic training forces that forgive occasional movement mistakes
Authors: Patton James L. , Aghamohammadi Naveed Reza , Bittman Moria Fisher , Klamroth-Marganska Verena , Riener Robert , Huang Felix C. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Control of movement uses error feedback during practice to predict actions for the next movement. We have shown that augmenting error can enhance motor learning, while such findings are encouraging, new methods are needed to accommodate a person's individual reactions to error. The current study demonstrates the design we call error fields (EF), where we temper the augmentation when errors are less likely. We tested the ability of healthy participants (n=21) to adapt to a visual transformation, and we enhanced the training with error fields. We found that training with error fields led to the fastest learning and greatest reduction in error. EF training reduced error more and faster than controls who practiced without error fields (50% more and 46% faster in the target direction; 21% more and 67% faster in the direction perpendicular to that). Moreover, EF was also significantly greater and faster than our previous error augmentation (EA) technique. Hence, clear advantages exist no mater how this is measured or compared to controls. These findings represent an effective teaching method for enhanced training that leverages the statistics of error.