bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Political Representation of Colombian Women in the Havana Dialogues (2012–2016)
Authors: Mendes Isa Lima 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This article discusses the inclusion of Colombian women in the Havana Dialogues with FARC through the theoretical lens of political representation. It chooses representation over the vaguer notion of inclusion to further politicize this debate. Since women’s inclusion is recognized as a major achievement of the process, the article attempts to reframe the discussion by enquiring whether Colombian women were represented in the process, and, if yes, which women and how. It argues that women’s inclusion was possible due to their multilevel articulation and a reluctant and diffuse representative dynamic bringing together female negotiators, the Gender Sub-commission and women’s movements.
St. Francis Xavier—“Patrón desta jornada”: Jesuit Writings and the Spanish Re-Appropriation of the Pacific
Authors: Rodríguez-Rodríguez Ana M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The figure of St. Francis Xavier was a tool used in Spanish texts as an instrument to increase the prestige and dissemination of colonial endeavors. In the seventeenth century, amidst the tense rivalry between the Spanish and the Portuguese empires, several Jesuit writings take a stand in support of the Spanish monarchy’s interests in Asia, reinforcing the legitimacy of its conquests and the appropriateness of Spain’s intervention in the area. This article studies two of these texts: Diego de Bobadillas’s Relación de las gloriosas victorias and Diego Calleja’s San Francisco Javier, el Sol en Oriente, focusing on the textual strategies employed in them to vindicate the fight against Muslims in the Philippines and the wider Spanish intervention in the Pacific through the celebration of St. Francis’s endeavors.
Using Cloud Computing to Analyze Model Output Archived in Zarr Format
Authors: Gowan Taylor A. , Horel John D. , Jacques Alexander A. , Kovac Adair 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Numerical weather prediction centers rely on the Gridded Binary Second Edition (GRIB2) file format to efficiently compress and disseminate model output as two-dimensional grids. User processing time and storage requirements are high if many GRIB2 files with size O(100 MB, where B = bytes) need to be accessed routinely. We illustrate one approach to overcome such bottlenecks by reformatting GRIB2 model output from the High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) model of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction to a cloud-optimized storage type, Zarr. Archives of the original HRRR GRIB2 files and the resulting Zarr stores on Amazon Web Services (AWS) Simple Storage Service (S3) are available publicly through the Amazon Sustainability Data Initiative. Every hour, the HRRR model produces 18- or 48-hourly GRIB2 surface forecast files of size O(100 MB). To simplify access to the grids in the surface files, we reorganize the HRRR model output for each variable and vertical level into Zarr stores of size O(1 MB), with chunks O(10 kB) containing all forecast lead times for 150 × 150 gridpoint subdomains. Open-source libraries provide efficient access to the compressed Zarr stores using cloud or local computing resources. The HRRR-Zarr approach is illustrated for common applications of sensible weather parameters, including real-time alerts for high-impact situations and retrospective access to output from hundreds to thousands of model runs. For example, time series of surface pressure forecast grids can be accessed using AWS cloud computing resources approximately 40 times as fast from the HRRR-Zarr store as from the HRRR-GRIB2 archive.

Significance Statement
The rapid evolution of computing power and data storage have enabled numerical weather prediction forecasts to be generated faster and with more detail than ever before. The increased temporal and spatial resolution of forecast model output can force end users with finite memory and storage capabilities to make pragmatic decisions about which data to retrieve, archive, and process for their applications. We illustrate an approach to alleviate this access bottleneck for common weather analysis and forecasting applications by using the Amazon Web Services (AWS) Simple Storage Service (S3) to store output from the High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) model in Zarr format. Zarr is a relatively new data storage format that is flexible, compressible, and designed to be accessed with open-source software either using cloud or local computing resources. The HRRR-Zarr dataset is publicly available as part of the AWS Sustainability Data Initiative.
Rural–Urban Differences in Physical Activity Tracking and Engagement in a Web-Based Platform
Authors: Pickett Andrew C. , Bowie Maria , Berg Alison , Towne Samuel D. , Hollifield Stephanie , Smith Matthew Lee 
Published: January 2022

Objectives: Despite the well-established health benefits of regular participation in physical activity, most adults do not meet recommended exercise guidelines. In rural communities, limited local resources and geographic dispersion make engaging in regular activity particularly difficult. Web-based solutions offer a potential solution for addressing physical activity disparities between rural and urban areas. Methods: This study examined the physical activity logs of users (n = 6695) of a web-based platform called Walk Georgia, comparing residents of metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas. We tabulated descriptive statistics for variables of interest, cross-tabulated for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan groups. We then used independent-samples t tests to compare logged activity between metropolitan and nonmetropolitan residing user groups. Results: In the analysis of group type (n = 6654), users were more likely to enroll in the program as part of a group than as individuals (n = 4391; 65.9%), particularly for users in metropolitan areas (3558 of 5192; 68.5%). Although the groups shared certain activities, nonmetropolitan residents were more likely than metropolitan residents to engage in maintenance-based activities. Nonmetropolitan residents earned fewer program points for their activity than metropolitan users ( P = .007), largely because of lower average exercise difficulty ( P < .001). Conclusions: The web-based platform was effective in helping individuals track physical activity. Despite engaging in similar amounts of physical activity by time, on average, users in nonmetropolitan areas engaged in less rigorous and more maintenance-based tasks than users in metropolitan areas. One strategy for increasing physical activity among rural populations may be to leverage social support provided by group enrollment in such programming.
Lead Levels in Spices From Market Basket and Home Lead Investigation Samples in North Carolina
Authors: Angelon-Gaetz Kim A. , Segule Marjorie N. , Wilson Molly 
Published: January 2022

Objectives: Lead investigators in North Carolina found evidence that contaminated spices may contribute to children’s elevated blood lead levels. We compared lead levels in samples of spices and other consumable products by country of purchase to inform consumer safety interventions and regulations. Methods: From February 1, 2011, through October 22, 2020, North Carolina lead investigators sampled spices and other consumable products from 103 homes of children with confirmed elevated blood lead levels. In 2017, the study team purchased 50 products frequently sampled during lead investigations, as a “market basket” sample, from local stores in or near Raleigh, North Carolina. The State Laboratory of Public Health analyzed 423 product samples using mass spectrometry. We extracted environmental sample results from lead investigations from the North Carolina Electronic Lead Surveillance System. Results: The median market basket lead result was 0.07 mg/kg (SD = 0.17); the maximum lead result was 0.88 mg/kg. The median home lead investigation sample result was 0.26 mg/kg (SD = 489.44); the maximum lead result was 6504.00 mg/kg in turmeric purchased in India. Among all samples, products purchased in India had more than triple the median lead levels (0.71 mg/kg) of those purchased in the United States (0.19 mg/kg). Conclusions: Purchasing spices in the United States is an action that consumers can take that may reduce their lead poisoning risk. Regulatory agencies should consider a lead limit of <1 mg/kg as attainable for spices sold in US stores and for ingredients of any foods that may be consumed by children.
Enhancing the ATra Black Box Matching Algorithm: Use of All Names for Deduplication Across Jurisdictions
Authors: Hamp Auntré D. , Karn Helen E. , Kwon Frances Y. , Rhodes Anne , Carrier James , Bhattacharjee Reshma , Flynn Colin , Hsu Trevor , McNeice John , Anderson Bridget J. , Chicoine Joyce , Fridge Jessica , King Justice , Lum Garret R. , Mishra Tej , Kang Alisa , Smart J.C. 
Published: January 2022

Objectives: Achieving accurate, timely, and complete HIV surveillance data is complicated in the United States by migration and care seeking across jurisdictional boundaries. To address these issues, public health entities use the ATra Black Box—a secure, electronic, privacy-assuring system developed by Georgetown University—to identify and confirm potential duplicate case records, exchange data, and perform other analytics to improve the quality of data in the Enhanced HIV/AIDS Reporting System (eHARS). We aimed to evaluate the ability of 2 ATra software algorithms to identify potential duplicate case-pairs across 6 jurisdictions for people living with diagnosed HIV. Methods: We implemented 2 matching algorithms for identifying potential duplicate case-pairs in ATra software. The Single Name Matching Algorithm examines only 1 name for a person, whereas the All Names Matching Algorithm examines all names in eHARS for a person. Six public health jurisdictions used the algorithms. We compared outputs for the overall number of potential matches and changes in matching level. Results: The All Names Matching Algorithm found more matches than the Single Name Matching Algorithm and increased levels of match. The All Names Matching Algorithm identified 9070 (4.5%) more duplicate matches than the Single Name Matching Algorithm (n = 198 828) and increased the total number of matches at the exact through high levels by 15.4% (from 167 156 to 192 932; n = 25 776). Conclusions: HIV data quality across multiple jurisdictions can be improved by using all known first and last names of people living with diagnosed HIV that match with eHARS rather than using only 1 first and last name.
Granulomatous Herpetic Encephalitis A Possible Role for Inflammasomes
Authors: McKenna Brendan , Malone Caitlin , Merwe Ashirwad , Kathirvelu Gopinathan , Mankad Kshitij 
Published: January 2022

Background Granulomatous herpetic encephalitis is a rare inflammatory complication of acute herpes simplex encephalitis. Methods We describe 3 cases of granulomatous herpetic encephalitis in children arising between 1 to 10 years after the initial presentation with acute herpes simplex encephalitis. We focus on the clinical course and neuroimaging phenotype with a discussion of possible mechanisms underpinning this entity. Results The clinical course was highly variable. However, the dominant neuroimaging phenotype in each of our cases was that of confluent gyriform cortical enhancement with predominantly solid foci of enhancement in the subjacent white matter +/− deep gray nuclei. Cerebrospinal fluid was negative for herpes simplex virus DNA in all cases. All 3 cases required brain biopsy to help establish the diagnosis. Conclusions Increased recognition of granulomatous herpetic encephalitis in children will facilitate earlier diagnosis and treatment. Although the exact role played by the host immune response, genetics, and environment in determining the different outcomes of herpes simplex encephalitis remains to be determined, we postulate a role for inflammasome dysregulation in this entity.
A retrospective analysis of first-line PD-1 monoclonal antibodies treatment in patients with leptomeningeal metastasis from solid tumors
Authors: Chu Zhaohui , Lin Hao , Zhan Qiong , Liu Tao , Wang Yu 
Published: January 2022

Introduction Patients whose solid tumors (ST) show leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) have very poor prognosis and short overall survival. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of first-line programed death-1(PD-1) monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment in these patients. Methods We retrospectively evaluated patients diagnosed with LM from ST who were treated with first-line PD-1 mAb at our hospital between April 1 and November 30, 2019. We analyzed their clinicopathological characteristics and response to the treatment. Results We collected and analyzed data from 6 patients with different primary ST. 5 patients received PD-1 mAb combined with chemotherapy and/or anti-angiogenic drugs, while one received only PD-1 mAb. The median (range) number of treatment cycles was 5.5 (1-21). PD-1 mAb treatment did not cause neurotoxicity. The time period of first assessment varied from 21 to 65 days after treatment. Among 5 patients who got obvious symptoms relief, 4 patients persisted for > 3 months and even showed a reduction in the number of tumor cells in cerebrosprinal fluid. Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt was used to treat hydrocephalus observed beneficial in 3 patients: 2 before and 1 after PD-1 mAb treatment. The median (range) follow-up time was 214 (57-460) days. 4 patients died. The overall survival ranged from 57 days to at least 460 days. 1 of the two alive patients continued to show no worsening of symptoms after 457 days. Conclusions Patients with LM from ST can benefit from first-line PD-1 mAb combined treatment without additional neurotoxicity. Further research is required to validate the safety and efficacy.
Successful desensitization under antihistamine suppression in a case with urticaria due to osimertinib
Authors: Vural Solak Gürgün Tuğçe , Aksu Kurtuluş , Topel Musa , Çuhadar Erçelebi Dilek , Yeşilkaya Selma , Demir Şenay , Köycü Buhari Gözde , Koca Kalkan İlkay , Ateş Hale , Nazik Bahçecioğlu Sakine 
Published: January 2022

Introduction Osimertinib is an approved therapy for patients with a Thr790met (T790M) mutation diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that progresses during epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) therapy. However, in 7–13% of patients, drug-related side effects lead to discontinuation of osimertinib treatment. In such cases, osimertinib desensitization is a treatment option that can be considered. Case report A 59-year-old female patient, who was followed up with the diagnosis of stage 4 NSCLC, was consulted to the allergy clinic because of urticaria. The patient developed urticaria plaques 20 h after the third dose of osimertinib tablet. Management & outcome With the diagnosis of osimertinib-induced urticaria, desensitization was planned for the patient. Treatment was started with a dose of 0.1 mg/day osimertinib. The procedure was completed in approximately 50 days, and a dose of 80 mg/day was reached with antihistamine suppression. Discussion Here, a successful osimertinib desensitization in a patient with a history of osimertinib-related type 1 allergic reaction is reported. Osimertinib desensitization is a treatment option that should be considered in cases where treatment has to be ceased due to drug-related side effects.
Comparison of Artificial Intelligence-Based Machine Learning Classifiers for Early Detection of Keratoconus
Authors: Mohammadpour Mehrdad , Heidari Zahra , Hashemi Hassan , Yaseri Mehdi , Fotouhi Akbar 
Published: January 2022

Purpose To compare the agreement between artificial intelligence (AI)-based classifiers and clinical experts in categorizing normal cornea from ectatic conditions. Methods Prospective diagnostic test study at Noor Eye Hospital. Two hundred twelve eyes of 212 patients were categorized into three groups of 92 normal, 52 subclinical keratoconus (SKCN), and 68 KCN eyes based on clinical findings by 3 independent expert examiners. All cases were then categorized using four different classifiers: Pentacam Belin/Ambrosio enhanced ectasia total deviation value (BADD) and Topographic Keratoconus Classification (TKC), Sirius Phoenix, and OPD-Scan III Corneal Navigator. The performance of classifiers and their agreement with expert opinion were investigated using the sensitivity, specificity, and Kappa index (κ). Results For detecting SKCN, Phoenix had the highest agreement with the clinical diagnosis (sensitivity, specificity, and κ of 84.62%, 90.0%, and 0.70, respectively) followed by BADD (55.56%, 86.08%, 0.42), TKC (26.92%, 97.50%, 0.30), and Corneal Navigator (30.77%, 93.75%, 0.29). For KCN diagnosis, the highest agreement with expert opinion was seen for Phoenix (80.02%, 96.60%, 0.79), BADD (95.59%, 85.42%, 0.75), TKC (95.59%, 84.03%, 0.73), and Corneal Navigator (67.65%, 96.45%, 0.68). Analysis of different classifiers showed that Phoenix had the highest accuracy for differentiating KCN (91.24%) and SKCN (88.68%) compared to other classifiers. Conclusions Although AI-based classifiers, especially Sirius Phoenix, can be very helpful in detecting early keratoconus, they cannot replace clinical experts’ opinions, particularly for decision-making before refractive surgery. Albeit, there may be concerns about the accuracy of clinical experts as well.
Revision of double-tapered, titanium, fully hydroxyapatite-coated femoral stems: ease of extraction and subsequent reconstruction
Authors: Hastie Graham R , Asle Soheil G , Gambhir Anil , Board Tim N 
Published: January 2022

Background: Fully hydroxyapatite coated, double-tapered, titanium stems are the most commonly used uncemented implants in the UK with survivorship reported at 96.3% at 23 years however there is no literature on the consequences of revision. We aimed to explore the reasons for failure, ease of stem extraction, extent of bone loss and complexity of the subsequent reconstruction. Methods: Between December 2012 and March 2019, 104 cases requiring removal of the Corail® stem (DePuy Synthes, Warsaw, IN, USA) were identified from the National Joint Registry (NJR) and our local revision database. Indication for revision, surgical/reconstruction technique, complications and follow-up data were reviewed. Results: The common reasons for revision were aseptic loosening 45.2%, infection 23.5%, instability 4.8% and peri-prosthetic fracture 12.5%. Removal of the implant without extended trochanteric osteotomy (ETO) was achieved in 94.2% of cases. Of those revised for aseptic loosening 23% were proximal, 38% were proximal/mid stem and 38% all zones. Significant bone loss is not a common feature of the failure of this stem with 95% graded as a Paprosky grade 2 or less. In terms of reconstruction, 69.2% were revised to a primary cemented stem. Conclusions: In the majority of cases revision can be achieved without an ETO and reconstruction possible using a primary stem as significant bone loss is not a common feature of failure of this stem design. We conclude that this stem is safe to use in younger patients who may outlast any type of primary implant and would inevitably face revision in their lifetime.
Impact of Cardiac Function on Loss of Patency in Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease Presenting the Femoropopliteal Lesions Endovascularly Treated With New-Generation Devices
Authors: Nakao Sho , Iida Osamu , Hata Yosuke , Okamoto Shin , Ishihara Takayuki , Nanto Kiyonori , Tsujimura Takuya , Takahara Mitsuyoshi , Mano Toshiaki 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: The current study sought to investigate the impact of cardiac condition on loss of patency after endovascular therapy (EVT) using new-generation devices for femoropopliteal (FP) lesions. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively studied 547 lesions (chronic limb-threatening ischemia: 44%, TASC II C/D lesion: 61%, chronic total occlusion: 37%, in-stent restenosis: 13%, involving popliteal arterial lesion: 45%) belonging to 416 patients (average age: 75±9 years, male: 69%, diabetes mellitus: 62%, hemodialysis: 33%) who underwent EVT with new-generation FP-specific devices (polymer-free paclitaxel-eluting stent, n=186; stent graft, n=119; fluoropolymer-based paclitaxel-eluting stent, n=29; interwoven stent, n=17; drug-coated balloon, n=196) from June 2012 to May 2019. Cardiac function was evaluated using echocardiography. The primary outcome measure was primary patency, which was defined as free from peak systolic velocity ratio (PSVR) >2.5 assessed by duplex ultrasound. Predictors for loss of patency were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Results: Overall 12 primary patency were 80.0±1.8%. After the multivariate analysis, reduced stroke volume evaluated by echocardiography (hazard ratio [HR]=0.99, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.97-0.99, p=0.03), chronic heart failure (HR=1.76, 95% CI=1.05-2.97, p=0.03), and a smaller distal reference vessel diameter (HR=0.73, 95% CI=0.55-0.97, p=0.03) were significantly associated with loss of 12-month primary patency, whereas lesion length (HR=1.01, 95% CI=0.99–1.03, p=0.33) and presence of chronic total occlusion (CTO; HR=0.92, 95% CI=0.61-1.40, p=0.70) were not statistically significant. Conclusion: The current study revealed that cardiac function represented by reduced stroke volume and presence of chronic heart failure as well as a smaller distal reference vessel diameter were significantly associated with loss of 12-month primary patency in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) presenting FP lesions endovascularly treated with new-generation devices.
Manufacturing and utilization of novel sustainable composites using pulled wool fibers waste from leather tanneries: Mechanical, physical, and dynamic characterization
Authors: Nassef Mohamed , Elbasyoni Ahmed M , Badr Alaa A , Alnahrawy Ashraf , Hassanin Ahmed H 
Published: January 2022

This paper introduces a novel composite from discarded pulled wool fibers as a sustainable alternative to commercial particleboard and medium density fiberboard (MDF). The investigation aims at designing composites with prominent properties in terms of thermal insulation, water absorption, flexural strength, and dynamic properties. Composites specimens are synthesized from recycled pulled wool fibers at three different densities namely 500, 800, and 1000 kg/m3, with and without fabric skin (core-only and sandwich specimens). Thermal conductivity test shows that core-only specimens with the lowest density (500 kg/m3) has lower thermal conductivity than particleboard and MDF by 30% and 50%, respectively. The sandwich specimens demonstrate 30%, 40%, and 70% less water absorption than MDF and particleboard. The results reveal high potential of pulled wool fibers to produce economic composites with appropriate thermal and physical properties that can be utilized for green buildings envelops. Dynamic tests show that the proposed composites exhibit higher damping values (70% higher in case of core-only specimens) as compared to particleboard and MDF. A main contribution of this work is presenting novel sustainable composites with high damping capacities, which promote their use as light weight structure components in critical applications such as aerospace panels subjected to high dynamic loading conditions.