bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multifunctional Nanoassemblies for Cytotoxic Drug and Therapeutic Enzymes Delivery in Neuroblastoma Therapy
Authors: Parra‐Nieto Jorge , García del Cid María Amor , Galeano Carolina , de Carcer Iñigo Aguirre , García‐García Lorena , Gonzalez‐Murillo África , Megias Diego , Ramirez Manuel , Baeza Alejandro 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNeuroblastoma cells can acquire resistance mechanisms that make them invulnerable to chemotherapeutic agents. The use of nanoparticles as drug carriers provides the possibility to deliver several drugs simultaneously to specific tumoral cell populations, improving their therapeutic outcome. Herein, the development of a multifunctional nanoplatform based on the assembly of protocells (PC) and polymeric nanocapsules (PNC) is reported. PC provides the ability to transport and release cytotoxic drugs while PNC offers the capacity to transport enzymes to the tumoral tissues preserving their catalytic activity. Doxorubicin (Dox) and Glucose Oxidase (Gox) are housed within PC and PNC, respectively. The external surface of these nanoassemblies is decorated with synthetic targeting moieties, providing selectivity to neuroblastoma cells. Thus, the nanoplatform is endowed with the ability to generate multiple insults within neuroblastoma cells as cytotoxic drug release, glucose starvation, and oxidative damage. This nanoplatform exhibits significantly higher cytotoxic activity in comparison with only drug‐loaded protocells or empty protocells decorated with glucose oxidase nanocapsules, which points out the existence of a potent synergic effect between the action of both therapeutic agents: Dox and Gox. This strategy can be adapted to the production of multifunctional nanoassemblies, improving the arsenal against different types of tumors.
A Facile Carbon Coating on Mg‐Embedded SiOx Alloy for Fabrication of High‐Energy Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Mukhan Orynbassar , Umirov Nurzhan , Lee Byoung‐Min , Yun Ji‐Su , Choi Jae‐Hak , Kim Sung‐Soo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe use of SiOx‐containing anode materials to increase the energy density limited by the utilization of low gravimetric specific capacity commercial graphite has recently received great interest. However, a low initial Coulombic efficiency and other inherent disadvantages of SiOx such as huge volume changes and poor electron transportation result in complicating its widespread use. To overcome these issues herein, a simple, cost‐effective, and mass‐producible phenolic resin‐coated Mg‐SiOx anode composite for high‐performance lithium‐ion batteries compared to the carbon film produced by the chemical vapor deposition method is designed. Carbon‐coated Mg‐SiOx based on the phenolic resin is found to act as a direct contact protection electrolyte–electrode interface and boosts kinetics of Li+ transport among the electrodes, ensuring the formation of stable solid electrolyte interphase upon cycling. As a result, the phenolic resin‐coated Mg‐SiOx alloy electrode delivers a stable specific capacity up to ≈1700 mAh g‐1 after 100 cycles. Testing with an industrial protocol, a full cell pairing of the Mg‐SiOx@C/graphite blended anode and commercial LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 cathode achieves a gravimetric and volumetric energy density of 467 Wh Kg‐1 and 953 Wh L‐1, respectively, which is higher than that of the cell based on the conventional graphite.
Rh(III)‐Catalyzed C−H Functionalization of N‐Nitrosoanilines with α‐Sulfonylcarbenes
Authors: Peng Rui‐jun , Chen Lei , Zhang Xue‐jing , Yan Ming 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA Rh(III)‐catalyzed ortho C−H functionalization of N‐nitrosoanilines with α‐sulfonylcarbenes had been developed. The reaction was carried out under mild conditions and the products were obtained with good to excellent yields. The diverse transformations of the products to ortho‐functionalized anilines and nitrogen heterocycles were achieved. Furthermore, a cascade reaction of N‐nitrosoanilines and α‐sulfonyl‐α‐diazo‐ketones provided 3‐sulfonyl‐indoles efficiently.magnified image
Polypyrrole‐Assisted Nitrogen Doping Strategy to Boost Vanadium Dioxide Performance for Wearable Nonpolarity Supercapacitor and Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Battery
Authors: Guo Jiabin , Li Lei , Luo Jie , Gong Wenbin , Pan Rui , He Bing , Xu Shuhong , Liu Meinan , Wang Yongjiang , Zhang Baihe , Wang Chunlei , Wei Lei , Zhang Qichong , Li Qingwen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFiber‐shaped energy‐storage devices with high energy and power density are crucial for powering wearable electronics. However, the improvement of their energy and power density is limited by the low mass loading of active materials and slow diffusion of ions, which further hinders the application as flexible energy‐storage devices. Herein, a facile and cost‐effective strategy is proposed to fabricate polypyrrole (PPy)‐assisted nitrogen‐doped vanadium dioxide/nitrogen‐doped carbon (N–VO2@NC) heterostructures by the pyrolyzation of vanadium oxide (VOx)/PPy supported on carbon nanotube fiber (CNTF). The carbonization of PPy nanowire not only forms nitrogen‐doped carbon 3D conductive scaffold for enhancing ion transport pathways and mass loading of N–VO2 but also provides source of nitrogen in situ doping into VOx to produce N–VO2 for improving electronic conductivity and energy‐storage capacity. Consequently, the well‐designed N–VO2@NC@CNTF electrode delivers impressive electrochemical performance and extraordinary mechanical flexibility both applied in all‐solid‐state fiber‐shaped nonpolarity supercapacitors and aqueous zinc‐ion batteries. Furthermore, the results of theoretical calculations discovered that the band gap of PPy‐assisted N–VO2 can be significantly reduced from 0.55 to 0.23 eV and thus its conductivity is greatly enhanced. This work sheds light on the construction of high‐performance free‐standing electrodes for next‐generation wearable aqueous energy‐storage devices.
Exploring adolescence as a key life history stage in bioarchaeology
Authors: Lewis Mary E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAdolescence is a unique period in the life history of an individual. It is characterized by a myriad of changes that bioarchaeologists are only just coming to appreciate, related to sexual maturation, linear growth, immunological transformation, and emotional and cognitive development. New methods allow us to measure this age of transition through the stages of the adolescent growth, as a proxy for the physical development associated with sexual maturation (puberty). This review outlines ways bioarchaeologists may draw on research developments from the fields of human biology, evolutionary theory and neurobiology to advance a more holistic approach to the study of adolescence in the past. It considers current theoretical and analytical approaches to highlight the research potential of this critical stage of life history. This synthesis integrates the most recent research in the medical sciences concerned with body and brain development, and outlines the biological processes involved with sexual and physical maturation of the adolescent. The goal of this review is to help inform potentially rewarding areas of research that bioarchaeologists can contribute to and draw from, as well as the challenges and limitations, theoretical and methodological questions, and ways in which we can develop the study of adolescence in the discipline going forward.
Free‐Electron Tomography of Few‐Cycle Optical Waveforms
Authors: Morimoto Yuya , Chen Bo‐Han , Baum Peter 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUltrashort light pulses are ubiquitous in modern research but the electromagnetic field of the optical cycles is usually not easy to obtain as a function of time. Field‐resolved pulse characterization requires either a nonlinear‐optical process or auxiliary sampling pulses that are shorter than the waveform under investigation and pulse metrology without at least one of these two prerequisites is often thought to be impossible. Here is reported how the optical field cycles of laser pulses can be characterized with field‐linear sensitivity and no ultrashort probe events. A free‐space electron beam is let to cross with the waveform of interest. Randomly arriving electrons interact by means of their elementary charge with the optical waveform in a linear‐optical way and reveal the optical cycles as the turning points in a time‐integrated deflection histogram. The sensitivity is only limited by the electron‐beam emittance and can reach the level of thermal radiation and vacuum fluctuations. Besides overturning a common belief in optical pulse metrology, the idea also provides practical perspectives for in situ characterization and optimization of optical waveforms in higher‐harmonics experiments, ultrafast transmission electron microscopes, laser‐driven particle accelerators, free‐electron lasers, or generally any experiments with waveform‐controlled laser pulses in a vacuum environment.
Activity‐based Photoacoustic Probes Reveal Elevated Intestinal MGL and FAAH Activity in a Murine Model of Obesity
Authors: Lucero Melissa Y. , Gardner Sarah H. , Yadav Anuj K. , Borri Austin , Zhao Zhenxiang , Chan Jefferson 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObesity is a chronic health condition characterized by the accumulation of excessive body fat which can lead to and exacerbate cardiovascular disease, type‐II diabetes, high blood pressure, and cancer through systemic inflammation. Unfortunately, visualizing key mediators of the inflammatory response, such as monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL) and fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), in a selective manner is a profound challenge owing to an overlapping substrate scope that involves arachidonic acid (AA). Specifically, these enzymes work in concert to generate AA, which in the context of obesity, has been implicated to control appetite and energy metabolism. In this study, we developed the first selective activity‐based sensing probes to detect MGL (PA‐HD‐MGL) and FAAH (PA‐HD‐FAAH) activity via photoacoustic imaging. Activation of PA‐HD‐MGL and PA‐HD‐FAAH by their target enzymes resulted in 1.74‐fold and 1.59‐fold signal enhancements, respectively. Due to their exceptional selectivity profiles and deep‐tissue photoacoustic imaging capabilities, these probes were employed to measure MGL and FAAH activity in a murine model of obesity. Contrary to conflicting reports suggesting levels of MGL can be attenuated or elevated, our results support the latter. Indeed, we discovered a marked increase of both targets in the gastrointestinal tract. These key findings set the stage to uncover the role of the endocannabinoid pathway in obesity‐mediated inflammation.
Greatly Enhanced Accessibility and Reproducibility of Worm‐like Micelles by In Situ Crosslinking Polymerization‐Induced Self‐Assembly
Authors: Zhang Wen‐Jian , Chang Zi‐Xuan , Bai Wei , Hong Chun‐Yan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWorm‐like micelles have attracted great interest due to their anisotropic structures. However, the experimental conditions for obtaining worm‐like micelles are very restricted, which usually causes seriously poor reproducibility. In this work, significantly enhanced accessibility of worm‐like micelles is realized by in situ crosslinking polymerization‐induced self‐assembly (PISA). The reproducibility of worm‐like micelles is greatly improved due to the significantly enlarged experimental windows of worm‐like micelles in the morphology diagram. Moreover, the reliability of the methodology to enhance the accessibility of worm‐like micelles has been demonstrated in various in situ crosslinking PISA systems. The greatly enhanced accessibility and reproducibility of worm‐like micelles is undoubtedly cost‐effective especially in scale‐up production, which paves the way for further application of worm‐like micelles with various compositions and functionalities.
A Versatile Strategy for Multi‐Stimuli‐Responsive Fluorescent Material Based on Cross‐Linking‐Induced Emission: Applications in Encryption
Authors: Jiang Yu , Ma Jiahui , Ran Ziyu , Zhong Huiqing , Zhang Daohong , Hadjichristidis Nikos 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA versatile strategy for smart fluorescent materials is lacking due to their diverse responding mechanisms and incompatibility of responsive behaviors. Herein an adaptable strategy is presented toward a multi‐stimuli‐responsive fluorescent material with stage‐by‐stage responsive behavior by blending linear polymers modified with different stimulus‐responsive moieties and AIE cross‐linker. Under stimuli, the linear polymer can cross‐link with the cross‐linker to form networks, which intrinsically restrict the intramolecular rotation of the AIE molecule to induce strong emission. A unified stimuli‐responsive mechanism is involved in that various stimuli are transferred through the organized “stimulus‐crosslink‐emission” process. This strategy ensures the compatibility of different stimuli‐responses and the adjustability of stimulus‐response behavioral logic. These multi‐stimuli‐responsive fluorescent materials exhibited strong accessibility and adaptability for information encryption.
Regio‐ and Stereoselective 1,2‐Oxyhalogenation of Non‐Conjugated Alkynes via Directed Nucleopalladation: Catalytic Access to Tetrasubstituted Alkenes**
Authors: Liu Mingyu , Sun Juntao , Zhang Tao , Ding Yi , Han Ye‐Qiang , Martín‐Montero Raúl , Lan Yu , Shi Bing‐Feng , Engle Keary M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA catalytic 1,2‐oxyhalogenation method that converts non‐conjugated internal alkynes into tetrasubstituted alkenes with high regio‐ and stereoselectivity is described. Mechanistically, the reaction involves a PdII/PdIV catalytic cycle that begins with a directed oxypalladation step. The origin of regioselectivity is the preference for formation of a six‐membered palladacycle intermediate, which is facilitated by an N,N‐bidentate 2‐(pyridin‐2‐yl)isopropyl (PIP) amide directing group. Selectivity for C(alkenyl)−X versus −N (X=halide) reductive elimination from the PdIV center depends on the identity of the halide anion; bromide and iodide engage in C(alkenyl)−X formation, while intramolecular C(alkenyl)−N reductive elimination occurs with chloride to furnish a lactam product. DFT calculations shed light on the origins of this phenomenon.
Self‐Healing and Shape Memory Hypercrosslinked Metal‐Organic Polyhedra Polymers via Coordination Post‐Assembly
Authors: Liu Jinjin , Li Jiamin , Qiao Shan , Wang Zhifang , Zhang Penghui , Fan Xiangqian , Cheng Peng , Li Yue‐Sheng , Chen Yao , Zhang Zhenjie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCoordination‐driven crosslinking networks with reversible and dynamic characteristics are gaining increasing interest in diverse application fields. Herein, we use a coordination crosslinking approach using metal‐organic polyhedra (MOPs) as high‐connectivity building blocks to post‐assemble a class of coordination hypercrosslinked MOP (CHMOP) polymers. The introduction of 12‐connected MOP nodes to the polymeric networks is critical to producing membranes that overcome the trade‐off between mechanical properties and dynamic healing, and meanwhile possess multifunctionalities including shape memory, solution processability, and 3D printing. The CHMOPs can also be used for anticorrosion coating and achieve function couplings, e.g., shape memory‐assisted self‐healing (SMASH), which have not been achieved in the MOP‐based hybrid materials yet. This work not only offers a feasible strategy to construct new multifunctional materials but also greatly expands the application scopes of MOPs.
Regulating Surface Reaction Kinetics through Ligand Field Effects for Fast and Reversible Aqueous Zinc Batteries
Authors: Liu Bo , Wei Cong , Zhu Zixuan , Fang Yanyan , Bian Zenan , Lei Xin , Zhou Ya , Tang Chongyang , Qian Yitai , Wang Gongming 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDesigning water‐deficient solvation sheath of Zn2+ by ligand substitution is a widely used strategy to protect Zn metal anode, yet the intrinsic tradeoff between Zn nucleation/dissolution kinetics and the side hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) remains a huge challenge. Herein, we find boric acid (BA) with moderate ligand field interaction can partially replace H2O molecules in the solvation sheath of Zn2+, forming a stable water‐deficient solvation sheath. It enables fast Zn nucleation/dissolution kinetics and substantially suppressed HER. Crucially, by systematically comparing the ligand field strength and solvation energies between BA and the ever‐reported electrolyte additives, we also find that the solvation energy has a strong correlation with Zn nucleation/dissolution kinetics and HER inhibition ability, displaying a classic volcano behavior. The modulation map could provide valuable insights for solvation sheath design of zinc batteries and beyond.
Preparation and properties of cellulose nanofibers/α‐zirconium phosphate nanosheets composite polyvinyl alcohol ion‐conductive organohydrogel and its application in strain sensors
Authors: Liu Xinle , Qin Juhua , Wang Jing , Chen Yipeng , Miao Guohao , Zheng Junping , Liu Xiaofei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe poor mechanical and electrical properties and single function of conventional conductive hydrogels severely limit their application in flexible sensors. Here, a multifunctional nanomaterial composite high‐strength hydrogel strain sensor was prepared by incorporating α‐zirconium phosphate (α‐ZrP) nanosheets with hydroxyl functional groups on the surface and cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) into a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)matrix simultaneously, using a binary glycerol/water solution as the dispersion medium and a strategy of cyclic freeze–thawing followed by sodium chloride immersion. The experiments showed that CNFs and α‐ZrP nanosheets can form hydrogen bonding interactions with PVA chains, which can synergistically improve the mechanical and electrical properties of the gels with little effect on its transparency, and the tensile strength and elongation at break of the gels can reach 2.42 MPa and 541%, respectively, and the ionic conductivity exceeds 7.65 mS/cm, while possessing a transmission rate of 87% at 600 nm visible light wavelength. In addition, the introduction of glycerol imparts the gel with remodeling, anti‐freezing, and long‐term stability. As a strain sensor, it has a linear sensing range of 0%–350% and high sensitivity (GF = 2.46), and the sensing gloves prepared based on it can accurately and stably recognize letters written by hand.
Preparation and ablative behaviors of carbon fiber‐reinforced polydimethylsiloxane‐co‐poly(silylene acetylenearyleneacetylene) composites
Authors: Hu Xueying , Yuan Qiaolong , Huang Farong , Liu Zuozhen , Li Boqian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTwo block copolymers with poly(silylene acetylenearyleneacetylene) (PSA) as block A and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as block B have been synthesized by Grignard reagent. The structure and properties of the copolymers have been studied. The chopped T700 carbon fibers have been used to reinforce the copolymers to obtain the composites. The ablation and change of composition on the surface of composites have been further investigated. The results show that there are two block structures of ethynyl‐endcapped copolymers. The copolymer with ABA structure (PPSOA‐1) is solid at room temperature, and the other with BAB structure (PPSOA‐2) is viscous. The thermal stability of the cured PPSOA‐1 is higher than that of the cured PPSOA‐2. The chopped T700 carbon fibers reinforced copolymer composites keep shape well after 300 s at 600°C in a muffle furnace and maintain above 91% weight retention. Under the heat flow of 1 MW m−2, there are white inorganic layers on the surface of the composites after ablation in 120 s at 1200°C. The white layer on the T700CF reinforced PPSOA‐1 composite is hollow and composed of amorphous carbon‐containing silica. The block copolymer of PDMS‐co‐PSA with excellent thermal stability is promising for utilization in thermal protection systems.
CEACAM6 serves as a biomarker for leptomeningeal metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Xueying , Tang Xuemei , Gu Jiahui , Sun Ziwei , Yang Shengrui , Mu Yuan , Guan Ming , Chen Kun , Liu Wei , Ruan Haoyu , Xu Jian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground and aimsDiagnosis of leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is challenging. In our previous study, CEACAM6 mRNA was found to be highly expressed in the circulating tumor cells of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with lung adenocarcinoma with LM (LUAD‐LM). The aim of this study was to identify whether CEACAM6 could be used as a biomarker for LUAD‐LM.Materials and methodsThe level of CEACAM6 was determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in CSF from 40 LUAD‐LM and 44 normal controls, and additional serum samples from 138 LUAD patients, including 12 LUAD‐LM patients, and 30 healthy controls. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA 21‐1) and neuron‐specific enolase (NSE) levels in the CSF and sera were detected by chemiluminescent immunoassay. Receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted to evaluate the diagnostic performance for LUAD‐LM.ResultsCSF CEACAM6 level was higher in LUAD‐LM than that in normal controls. In serum, LUAD patients had a higher level of CAECAM6 than healthy controls, and LM patients had the highest level among them. Serum CEACAM6 had a higher AUC than CEA in differentiating LM from non‐LM in LUAD patients (0.95 vs. 0.64, p < 0.001).ConclusionCEACAM6 may serve as a potential biomarker in diagnosing LUAD‐LM.
“Online delivery gave me privacy and distance from others”: feasibility trial and qualitative evaluation of an online intervention for refugees and asylum seekers; LTP + EMDR G‐TEP
Authors: Kaptan Safa Kemal , Varese Filippo , Yilmaz Betul , Andriopoulou Panoraia , Husain Nusrat 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRates of mental health difficulties are high among refugees and asylum seekers who are parents, which makes their family members vulnerable to further negative outcomes such as behavioural problems or withdrawal. Maternal health and responsive parenting can stimulate the well‐being of family members. However, displaced parents may fail to fulfil this role due to their own personal emotional issues. This current study is the first trial that tested the acceptability and feasibility of a remote multicomponent parenting intervention for refugees and asylum seekers: Learning Through Play and EMDR Group Traumatic Episode Protocol. The study was a single‐arm feasibility trial with an embedded qualitative component, and took place in the UK. We recruited caregivers of children under three years of age and offered eight sessions of a remote group Learning Through Play parenting intervention and Eye Movement Desensitisation Reprocessing Group Traumatic Episode Protocol (LTP+ EMDR G‐TEP). We administered assessments, including the Parenting Sense of Competence Scale, International Trauma Questionnaire, Generalized Anxiety Disorder‐7 and Patient Health Questionnaire‐9, followed by qualitative interviews. Of the 16 participants approached, 14 consented and were eligible to participate. Both qualitative and quantitative results showed the acceptability and feasibility of the intervention based on a recruitment rate of 88% of eligible participants and a 78% attendance rate for all sessions. Participants showed improvements in all outcome measures, an increase in parental self‐esteem and a reduction in mental health symptoms. Findings also suggest that remote interventions are promising as a scalable approach for displaced families.
2 bladder, or not 2 bladder? That is the question
Authors: Davis Monique G. , Blankenship James C. 
Published: September 2022

Key Points
Radial artery occlusion remains an unsolved problem with radial access even when patent hemostasis technique is used.
Ulnar compression during radial artery patent hemostasis further decreases radial artery occlusion and is recognized as a radial access "best practice".
In this study ulnar compression with a 2‐bladder band decreased radial occlusion rates compared to conventional patent hemostasis with a 1‐bladder band and may offer an elegant solution to the problem of how to achieve ulnar compression.