bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optical Assessment and Expected Visual Quality of Four Extended Range of Vision Intraocular Lenses
Authors: Azor Juan Antonio , Vega Fidel , Armengol Jesus , Millan Maria S. 
Published: November 2022

PURPOSE:
To assess the optical performance of four extended range of vision (ERV) intraocular lenses (IOLs) and predict the visual quality of the average pseudophakic patient.

METHODS:
Four ERV IOLs (LuxSmart, Bausch & Lomb; Vivity, Alcon Laboratories, Inc; Tecnis Eyhance, Johnson & Johnson Vision; and Isopure, PhysIOL) were inserted in an on-bench model eye. Their performance was assessed using through-focus modulation transfer function (MTF)–based metrics, through-focus point spread function, and halo analysis for three pupils (2.0, 3.0, and 4.5 mm). The expected visual acuity and the range of vision was estimated from the through-focus area under the MTF curve. A monofocal IOL (Tecnis ZCB00; Johnson & Johnson Vision) was included as reference.

RESULTS:
The Tecnis ZCB00 showed the highest image quality at far for all pupil conditions, closely followed by the Tecnis Eyhance. The LuxSmart and Vivity performed similarly in the intermediate range (−1.00 to −2.00 diopters [D]) with a 3.0-mm pupil and showed better performance than the other ERV IOLs for that range. All ERV lenses presented pupil dependent performance. All lenses reached normal expected visual acuity (0.0 logMAR) at far distance. The Tecnis ZCB00, Tecnis Eyhance, and Isopure decreased their expected visual acuity with defocus (0.1 logMAR at 66 cm) faster than the LuxSmart and Vivity (0.0 logMAR at 66 cm). The LuxSmart and Vivity produced greater halos than the Tecnis ZCB00, but they showed little change with larger pupils. The Isopure lens showed a pupil-dependent halo.

CONCLUSIONS:
The expected visual acuity decreased with the object distance differently, depending on the ERV design. The Vivity and LuxSmart lenses showed an expanded imaging capability (⩾ 0.50 D) with respect to a monofocal lens that may benefit intermediate vision. The Tecnis Eyhance and Isopure lenses showed more modest extensions that mainly rely on pupil constriction.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2022;38(11):688–697.]
Visual Outcomes of Photorefractive Keratectomy Enhancement After Primary LASIK
Authors: Moshirfar Majid , Basharat Noor F. , Kelkar Neil , Bundogji Nour , Ronquillo Yasmyne C. , Hoopes Phillip C. 
Published: November 2022

PURPOSE:
To evaluate the safety, efficacy, and predictability of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) at least 4 years after primary laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and compare it to the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) criteria.

METHODS:
This retrospective, single-site study compared patients who underwent PRK enhancement from 2014 to 2019 after primary LASIK to those who only underwent primary LASIK without re-treatment from the same time period. Patient demographics and clinical information were compared between the two groups. Visual outcomes and postoperative complications were evaluated in the enhancement group.

RESULTS:

A total of 374 eyes with PRK enhancement were compared to 472 without re-treatment. Age, sex, surgical eye, and preoperative sphere, and spherical equivalent (SE) were significantly different between the enhancement and control groups (
P
< .05). At 12 months post-enhancement, 67% had uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) of 20/20 or better, 98% had UDVA of 20/40 or better, and 0.4% of eyes lost at least two lines of corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA). A total of 83% and 98% of eyes were within ±0.50 and ±1.00 diopters of the target, respectively. Post-enhancement complications (n = 66) included dryness (6.1%), epithelial ingrowth (2.7%), and haze (2.7%).

CONCLUSIONS:
Older age at the time of the primary LASIK, female sex, right surgical eye, and more myopic sphere and SE were risk factors for enhancement. Although PRK enhancements are considered off-label procedures, they produce favorable outcomes at 3 and 12 months postoperatively while meeting FDA benchmarks for safety, efficacy, and predictability.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2022;38(11):733–740.]
La literatura lésbica puertorriqueña en la encrucijada de los géneros: Marta Aponte Alsina, Pedro Cabiya y Ana María Fuster Lavín
Authors: Large Sophie 
Published: November 2022

Propongo en este artículo un análisis de los personajes lésbicos que pueblan la narrativa puertorriqueña contemporánea y cuestionan las estrategias de visibilidad de las minorías sexodisidentes. En los textos estudiados, las lesbianas son figuras monstruosas que reactivan tópicos de la tradición gótica o de la ciencia ficción: vampiros, zombis, asesinos seriales o cíborgs. Por lo mismo, se encuentran en la encrucijada de los géneros, en el doble sentido de esta palabra, creando espacios epistémicos de contornos difusos. Estos aportes a la literatura lésbica puertorriqueña participan así de la revisión del canon literario nacional y de la redefinición de sus fronteras, por medio de estrategias de fragmentación, de hibridación y de zombificación literaria.
Diabetic ketoacidosis among Egyptian children and adolescents in the coronavirus disease 2019 era
Authors: Amin Mona K. , Ismail Khalid , Elfiky Samar M. , Elngar Enas 
Published: November 2022

Introduction
There is a recent debate regarding the effect of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the frequency of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and its acute complications, mainly diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Several reports showed a significant upward trend in the frequency of DKA among children and adolescence with T1DM. Studies showed a significant escalation in the number of cases with severe DKA compared with the previous years.

Objectives
To assess the effect of COVID-19 on the frequency and severity of DKA among children and adolescents with T1D.

Patients and methods
A retrospective study was performed between January 2019 and December 2020. It included 177 children and adolescents admitted to the Pediatrics Department at Suez Canal University Hospital.

Results
In the COVID era, the mean age of the admitted children with diabetes was 8.6±3.9 years. Newly diagnosed T1DM was seen in 67.9% of the patients who had DKA, which was higher than the previous year (56.1%). DKA severity increased and was significantly higher in 2020 compared with those admitted in 2019 (P=0.001). Additionally, moderate and severe DKA grades were significantly frequent among COVID-19-positive compared with negative ones (P=0.041), with significantly lower PH (P=0.016) and lower bicarbonate level (P<0.001).

Conclusion
The COVID-19 pandemic influenced T1DM presentations and DKA severity, especially during the recorded waves.
Laboratory markers of central nervous system disease activity in children with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Abd Elmaksoud Marwa S. , Elhalawany Amina S. , Mikhael Neveen L. , ElKazaz Rana M. , Elsharkawy Asmaa M. , Gamaleldin Marwa A. , El Chazli Yasmine F. 
Published: November 2022

Background
Central nervous system (CNS) disease among patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) has not been standardized, which complicates the study of CNS-HLH and its management.

Aims
To investigate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ferritin, triglycerides (TG), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels as laboratory markers of CNS-HLH.

Settings and design
A study was conducted on available frozen pretreatment CSF samples of children treated for HLH. Inclusion criteria were children younger than 18 years, fulfilled at least five of the HLH-2004 diagnostic criteria, their frozen initial CSF sample was available, and all necessary clinical, radiological, and laboratory data were available.

Patients and methods
TG, ferritin, and LDH were measured in the CSF samples. CNS disease was positive if abnormal neurologic symptom/sign, abnormal CSF analysis (pleocytosis and/or elevated protein), or abnormal neuroimaging.

Results
Of 101 children with HLH, 33 met the inclusion criteria. Their age ranged from 1.1 to 196 months at diagnosis with a median of 13.5 months. The majority were females (69.7%). Seven patients were negative for CNS-HLH (19.4%) and 29 (80.6%) patients were positive according to the classical CNS-HLH criteria. At the end of the follow-up, 45% of patients had died. Significant correlations were found between CSF TG and both CSF protein and leukocytes (P=0.036 for both), and between CSF TG and serum ferritin (P=0.037). Only ferritin showed a significant correlation between its serum and CSF levels (P<0.0001). CSF ferritin and LDH were higher in nonsurvivors.

Conclusions
CSF TG may have a diagnostic value as a marker of CNS-HLH, whereas CSF ferritin and LDH may have a prognostic value. Further larger prospective studies are needed to verify these preliminary findings.
The effect of L-thyroxine replacement on blood pressure and heart rate in children with hypothyroidism
Authors: Ahmed El Awwa , Soliman Ashraf T. , Farag Marwa M. 
Published: November 2022

Introduction
Thyroid hormones have direct and indirect cellular effects on the cardiovascular system. Chronic administration of L-thyroxine (LT4) to children with hypothyroidism may affect cardiovascular dynamics.

Aim
This cross-sectional observational study measured the blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) of 25 randomly selected children with hypothyroidism in relation to their serum-free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, and thyroxine dose μg/kg.

Patients and methods
In total, 25 randomly selected children with a mean age 9.6±4.5 years with the diagnosis of congenital or acquired hypothyroidism. They were on l-thyroxine therapy to keep serum-FT4 and TSH in the normal range for age. Their BP and HR (average of three readings), weight, height, dose of thyroxine, and their serum level of TSH and free T4 levels within 2 weeks before the clinic visit were recorded. The Z scores of the height, height standard deviation score (HSDS), body mass index standard deviation score (BMISDS), systolic (SBPSDS), and diastolic blood pressure standard deviation score (DBPSDS) were calculated (as per the 2004 guideline report on hypertension from the National Heart and Lung Institute), and HR [as per the Monitoring and Diagnosis Group at Oxford (MADOX) systematic review of 2011] was calculated for age and sex.

Results
The authors studied 25 children with hypothyroidism. Their dose of thyroxine was 2.11±0.7 μg/kg. Their mean serum-FT4 levels were 15.1±2.5 μg/l and TSH level was 3.9±2.8 mIU/ml. Their HtSDS (−0.57±1.4) and BMISDS (0.63±1.63) were within normal. All had normal diastolic blood pressure readings (within 2 standard deviations of the mean for age and sex). Two of the individuals had systolic BPs greater than 2SDS above the mean for age and sex, with normal BMISDS. Both had normal FT4 and TSH levels. One patient had tachycardia [HR=146/min (Z-score +3.2 for age)]. His FT4 and TSH levels were normal. There was a positive correlation between thyroxine dose/kg and serum level of FT4 (r=0.52), HR (r=0.56), SBPSDS (r=0.38), and DBPSDS (r=0.24). There was no significant correlation between the HtSDS on the one hand and FT4, TSH, or thyroxine dose on the other hand. The BMISDS was negatively correlated with TSH level (r=−0.4).

Conclusion
In this study on hypothyroid children on l-thyroxine therapy, 2 had high systolic BP and one had tachycardia. The significant correlation between the thyroxine dose, FT4 level, and BP and HR should alert the pediatrician to monitor BP and HR closely in relation to TSH and FT4 levels of these patients.
Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activity of Ocimum tenuiflorum and Stevia rebaudiana-Mediated Silver Nanoparticles – An In vitro Study
Authors: Pandiyan Indumathy , Arumugham Meignana Indiran , Doraikannan Sri Sakthi , Rathinavelu Pradeep Kumar , Prabakar Jayashri , Rajeshkumar S. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background:
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are the nanoparticles of silver between 1 nm and 100 nm in size. In this study, AgNPs were extracted from Ocimum tenuiflorum and Stevia rebaudiana which is a medicinal plant of Indian origin, worshipped by the Hindus and used in Ayurvedic medicine since ancient times.

Aim:
The aim of the study was to assess the antimicrobial and cytotoxic effect of AgNPs reinforced with the herb O. tenuiflorum and S. rebaudiana against oral pathogens.

Materials and Methods:
In this in vitro study, the organisms used were Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, Lactobacillus sp., and Candida albicans. Agar well-diffusion method was used to assess the antimicrobial efficacy of the nanoparticles at 25 mL, 50 mL, and 100 mL. To assess the cytotoxic effect, brine shrimp lethality assay was used.

Results:
Zone of inhibition was found to be highest at 100 mL against S. mutans, S. aureus, Lactobacillus sp., and C. albicans. The cytotoxic activity at 5 mL and 10 mL was 0%. The maximum cytotoxicity was seen at 80 mL where 30% of the Nauplii’s died.

Conclusion:
The findings from this study suggest that AgNPs reinforced with O. tenuiflorum and S. rebaudiana extracts has the potential as an antimicrobial agent and has less cytotoxic effect on brime shrimp and can be used as an alternative to commercially available antimicrobial agents.
A Bibliometric Study of the Pediatric Inguinal Hernia Publication Landscape from the Web of Science Database
Authors: Dhua Anjan Kumar , Garg Mohit , Mishra Ashwani Kumar , Goel Prabudh , Jain Vishesh , Yadav Devendra Kumar 
Published: November 2022

Background:
The number of times a research work gets cited by another article is one of the article-level metrics for assessing the quality of a research publication. Citation analysis by bibliometric review has been performed in several disciplines. The current study was aimed to systematically review the literature available on pediatric inguinal hernia since 1960 in terms of the 25 most cited articles in this field and analyze the bibliometric variables author and organizational collaborative patterns.

Methods:
Thomson Reuters Web of Science citation indexing database and research platform were used to retrieve the most cited articles in pediatric inguinal hernia (PIH) using appropriate search strings. The characteristics (name of authors, the total number of authors, the title of publication, journal of publication, year of publication, etc.) of the 25 top-cited articles were recorded. Specific bibliographical parameters were derived and analyzed. Visualization maps were generated using VOSviewer software.

Results:
The analysis revealed that the Journal of Pediatric Surgery was leading the choice of journal for publication. While most of the publications originated from the United States of America, Schier was the most influential author. Five of the eight top-productive authors are also the most connected.

Conclusion:
Articles on laparoscopic repair in PIH have been heavily cited. Following the United States of America, Turkey stands out as the topmost productive country in PIH. The publications on PIH show that “collaboration” is the bridging force between productivity and influence on the academic community.
Microbiological profile of oxygen humidifiers at a tertiary care centre in the Himalayas
Authors: Puri Oshin , Udayakumar Sasi Rekha , Bhatia Mohit , Pathania Monika , Dhar Meenakshi 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Reusable humidifiers are often colonised by microbes, the aerosols generated from which are hypothesised to transmit respiratory infections-jeopardising patient safety.

Materials and Methods:
In this time-bound cross-sectional study, 10 ml of water was collected in sterile containers from humidifiers installed in selected wards/critical care units/intensive care units and from the source used to refill these humidifiers. These samples were subjected to KOH and gram staining followed by inoculation on blood, MacConkey and Sabouraud dextrose agar and brain heart infusion broth in the aerobic environment at 37°C. Observations were recorded as per standard guidelines and compared against blood and respiratory cultures of patients.

Results:
Despite an average of 8.23 days of exposure to oxygen humidified by contaminated water, n = 28 (of n = 39) blood samples reported no growth (NG) and n = 12 reported nonpathogenic organisms (NPO). Among n = 18 available respiratory samples, n = 1 reported Escherichia coli, which was not cultured from the same humidifier indicative of some other source. n = 1 reported NG, n = 6 reported NPO and n = 10 reported normal throat flora. No fungal elements were reported from any humidifier, source, or patient samples. The source-humidifier pathogen pair did not match for any humidifier.

Conclusions:
Sterile patient cultures, despite prolonged exposure to oxygen humidified with contaminated water, indicate that humidifier contaminants did not infect patients. The disparity between the source or patient cultures and humidifier contaminants may be attributed to compromised universal precautions due to the exhaustion of health-care professionals during COVID-19. Furthermore, the type of water used to refill (Distilled/RO/Tap water) had no effect on the microbial contamination of humidifiers.
Exergames, sobrepeso e obesidade em crianças: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Cantanhede Aroldo Luis Ibiapino , Lamounier Joel Alves 
Published: November 2022

A saúde pública enfrenta vários desafios, entre eles o aumento na incidência e na prevalência da obesidade em crianças e adolescentes. Nessa perspectiva, o combate à obesidade e ao sobrepeso deve fazer uso das estratégias comuns ao cotidiano das crianças como é o caso dos jogos digitais permitindo maior aderência a intervenções. Este trabalho objetivou identificar, evidências no uso de Exergames (videogames ativos) para prevenir, tratar ou incentivar práticas contra a obesidade/sobrepeso de crianças. Para consecução do objetivo houve uma prospecção nas bases de dados científicos ScienceDirect, Scopus, LILACS (Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde), e MedLine (Sistema Online de Busca e Análise de Literatura Médica). A busca se deu utilizando os termos: “Exergames”, “Obesity”, “Children” combinados pela lógica booleana AND. Os artigos deveriam ter sidos publicados os anos de 2015 a 2020, em periódicos Qualis B3 e acima. O resultado dessa busca após serem utilizados mecanismos de elegibilidade, chegou a um número de cinco artigos, número esse incluído no trabalho. Para garantir a qualidade dos artigos foi utilizada a declaração CONSORT. Os dados apresentados pela literatura apontam para evidências bastante positivas para os Exergames como estratégia no tratamento da obesidade de crianças. Há possibilidade de perda de peso, melhora do Índice de Massa Corporal, diminuição da adiposidade subcutânea e finalmente, melhora da saúde cardiometabólica. É necessário, contudo, perceber que os dados apresentados mostrados não foram equalizados e diferem em instrumento, volume, intensidade, amostra, etc.
Influence of Team Negotiations on Collaborative Value within Ashoka Fellows' Organizations in Africa
Authors: Mahinda Wamuyu 
Published: November 2022

Purpose: The study sought to determine the influence of team negotiations on collaborative value within Ashoka Fellows' Organizations in Africa
Methodology: The study applied pragmatism philosophy to offer several ways to bridge dichotomies in mixed methods approaches to social science. Explanatory sequential mixed-method research design consisting of two distinct phases, namely quantitative and qualitative, was adopted. Both qualitative and quantitative study methods were adopted. In the quantitative study, the target population constituted all the 154 Ashoka Fellows' Organizations working in 19 countries in Africa. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire administered online to the founders (Ashoka Fellows) or the Ashoka Fellows' Organizations' CEOs. One hundred responded by filling out the questionnaire, which translated to a 64.9% response rate. Additionally, qualitative data applied purposive sampling and selected six Ashoka regional team leaders in Africa for in-depth interviews. They all were available for the interviews translating to a 100% response rate. Data analysis techniques combined descriptive and inferential statistics. Statistical Package for Social Sciences and SmartPLS 3 software were used to analyze the collected data.
Findings: The study results revealed that team negotiation significantly influences collaborative value within Ashoka Fellows’ Organizations in Africa. Team Negotiations have a significant influence on collaborative value with an R2 = 0.214, chi-square X2 (10, N=100) = 72.319, p<.05, SRMR=0.090, Rms-theta=0.234, and NFI=0.773. The null hypothesis was rejected.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommends that negotiating teams should ensure that they know as much as possible about the other side of the negotiation. The teams' perception is vital in the negotiating team's preparedness as they should be aware of what is necessary at every stage of the negotiating process. When negotiating, the focus should be on looking for alternative ways of dealing with the problem before finding a solution that satisfies all members. The evaluation of options during team negotiations should be objective. At large, the negotiating teams should ensure that all members feel comfortable with the solution to the problem raised before making the steps to implement the solution.
Evaluation Of Oxidative Stress And Its Association With Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines In Obese, And Non-Obese PCOS Subjects
Authors: Krattika Singhal , Arushi Batra , Dr. Juhi Agarwal  
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinological disorder of reproductive age female. The etiology of PCOS is not completely understood. Several publications nowadays demonstrate the relationship between chronic low-grade inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunctions induced by oxidative stress.
Methods: This hospital based cross-sectional study, was conducted among reproductive age females. The study includes 73 obese PCOS, 55 Lean PCOS subjects and 15 non-obese PCOS subjects on the basis on transvaginal sonography and BMI. The anthropometric parameters were: BMI, Waist Hip Ratio (WHR), systolic and diastolic blood pressure by sphygmomanometer. Serum samples were collected to measure: oxidative stress (MDA), lipid profile, and pro-inflammatory cytokines (HsCRP, IL-6, IL-18 & TNF-α).
Results: The BMI and MDA levels were significant in obese-PCOS and lean PCOS group (p <0.001). Whereas, in the obese-PCOS and non-PCOS obese group MDA, triglycerides, HDL, VLDL, IL-6, IL-18, and TNF-α were significant respectively.
Conclusion: It concluded from this study that obesity may contribute to dyslipidemia and elevated oxidative stress levels in reproductive age females irrespective of PCOS. Therefore, obesity in addition to known features such as dyslipidemia, hypertension and disturbed oxidative stress response, may be contributing factors to increase the risk of future cardiovascular diseases in obese women.