bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful Al2O3 coating of superconducting niobium cavities with thermal ALD
Authors: Wenskat Marc , Deyu Getnet Kacha , González Díaz-Palacio Isabel , Blick Robert H , Zierold Robert , Hillert Wolfgang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The surface modification of superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities is mandatory to further push the limits in future accelerators. One strategy is the deposition of multilayer superconducting and insulating materials on top of the inner surface of an SRF cavity. Here, we report on a successful low-temperature coating of an SRF cavity with insulating

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by thermal atomic layer deposition (ALD), without mitigating its maximum achievable accelerating field of more than 40 MV m−1. Furthermore, an improvement of the surface resistance above 30 MV m−1 has been observed, which is likely caused by an enhanced oxygen diffusion during the deposition process. Our results show that ALD is perfectly suited to provide a conformal coat to the interior of the cavity and to even modify and improve the properties of such devices.
Reliable numerical analysis for stochastic reaction-diffusion system
Authors: Yasin Muhammad W , Ahmed Nauman , Iqbal Muhammad Sajid , Rafiq Muhammad , Raza Ali , Akgül Ali 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this article, stochastic behavior of reaction diffusion brusselator model is under consideration. There are many physical phenomena which are related to chemical concentrations. One chemical concentration coincide with the other chemical concentration and their inter-diffusion is a major question to be addressed and to be understood. So, that is why Brusselator model is very proto-type and standard model that lays the foundation of any kind of that matter chemical concentrations of different substances. It also has the application in physical species as well. That is why we are considering such model. The existence of solution is guaranteed with fix-point operator, self mapping and pre-compact conditions. Nonstandard finite difference scheme and Crank-Nicolson schemes are used to show the graphical behavior of the model. The consistency and stability of the schemes are discussed and both schemes are unconditionally stable. The 3D and 2D graphs represents the concentration of the models.
Impact of liver dysfunction on outcomes in children with Alagille syndrome undergoing congenital heart surgery
Authors: Mainwaring Richard D , Felmly L Mac , Collins R Thomas , Hanley Frank L 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOBJECTIVESChildren with Alagille syndrome often have complex forms of congenital heart defects with the majority having peripheral pulmonary artery stenosis (PPAS) and pulmonary valve atresia (PA) or pulmonary valve stenosis. Children with Alagille syndrome also have variable amounts of liver dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of liver dysfunction on outcomes in children with Alagille syndrome undergoing congenital heart surgery.METHODSThis was a retrospective review of 69 patients with Alagille syndrome who underwent congenital heart surgery at our institution. The underlying diagnoses included PPAS (n = 29), tetralogy of Fallot with PPAS (n = 14), tetralogy with PA (n = 3), PA with ventricular septal defect and major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (n = 21) and one each with D-transposition and supravalvar aortic stenosis.RESULTSThe median age at surgery was 16 months (range 0–228 months). Procedures performed included PPAS repair (n = 43), tetralogy with PA repair (n = 3), unifocalization procedures (n = 21) and other (n = 2). Forty-two (61%) patients had mild or no liver dysfunction, while 26 (38%) had moderate or severe liver dysfunction. The median cardiopulmonary bypass time was 345 min (341 with liver dysfunction, 345 without liver dysfunction). There were a total of 8 operative (12%) deaths and 3 late (4%) deaths. Six operative and 2 late deaths occurred in patients with liver dysfunction (combined 30.7%) versus 2 operative and 1 late death (combined 7.1%) for patients without liver dysfunction (P &lt; 0.05).CONCLUSIONSThese results suggest that liver dysfunction has a profound impact on survival in children with Alagille syndrome undergoing congenital heart surgery.
Concomitant tricuspid valve repair in left ventricular assist device implantation may increase the risk for temporary right ventricular support but does not impact overall outcomes
Authors: Mihalj Maks , Jezovnik Mateja K , Benk Julia , Heg Dik , Podstatzky-Lichtenstein Teresa , Beyersdorf Friedhelm , Radovancevic Rajko , Gregoric Igor D , Hunziker Lukas , Siepe Matthias , Reineke David 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Tricuspid valve repair in left ventricular assist device implantation continues to pose a challenge and may impact the occurrence of early and late right heart failure. We investigated the effects of concomitant tricuspid repair on clinical outcomes.

METHODS
A retrospective, multicentre study enrolled adult patients who received continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices between 2005 and 2017 and compared those who received concomitant tricuspid valve repair to those who did not. Primary outcomes were early right heart failure necessitating temporary ventricular assist devices and right heart failure-related rehospitalizations requiring inotropic or diuretic treatment.

RESULTS
Out of 526 patients who underwent left ventricular assist device implantation, 110 (21%) received a concomitant tricuspid valve repair. Those patients were sicker, and most had moderate or severe tricuspid regurgitation. A significantly higher incidence of temporary right ventricular assist devices was observed in the group with concomitant tricupid valve repair (18% vs. 11%, P = 0.049), with a significantly elevated risk for temporary right heart assist device (sHR 1.68, 95% CI 1.04–2.72; P = 0.037). After adjusting for confounders, no significant differences were found in the incidence of and risk for most clinical outcomes, including right heart failure-related rehospitalizations (P = 0.891) and death (P = 0.563).

CONCLUSIONS
Concomitant tricuspid valve repair, when deemed necessary in left ventricular assist device implantation, may increase the risk of early right heart failure requiring a temporary right ventricular assist device but does not impact the incidence or risk of death or rehospitalizations due to late right heart failure.
Healthcare utilization and quality of life for atrial fibrillation burden: the CIRCA-DOSE study
Authors: Andrade Jason G , Deyell Marc W , Macle Laurent , Steinberg Jonathan S , Glotzer Taya V , Hawkins Nathaniel M , Khairy Paul , Aguilar Martin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimsAtrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence ≥30 s remains the primary endpoint of clinical trials; however, this definition has not been correlated with clinical outcomes or pathophysiological processes. This study sought to determine the atrial tachyarrhythmia duration and burden associated with meaningful clinical outcomes.Methods and resultsThe time and duration of every atrial tachyarrhythmia episode recorded on implantable cardiac monitor were evaluated. Healthcare utilization and quality of life in the year following ablation were prospectively collected. Three hundred and forty-six patients provided 126 110 monitoring days. One-year freedom from recurrence increased with arrhythmia duration thresholds, from 52.6 (182/346) to 93.3% (323/346; P &lt; 0.0001). Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence limited to durations ≤1 h had rates of healthcare utilization comparable with patients free of recurrence, while patients with AF recurrences lasting &gt;1 h had a relative risk for emergency department consultation of 3.2 [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.0–5.3], hospitalization of 5.3 (95% CI 2.9–9.6), and repeat ablation of 27.1 (95% CI 10.5–71.0). Patients with AF burden of ≤0.1% had rates of healthcare utilization comparable with patients free of recurrence, while patients with AF burden of &gt;0.1% had a relative risk for emergency department consultation of 2.4 (95% CI 1.9–3.9), hospitalization of 6.8 (95% CI 3.6–13.0), cardioversion of 9.1 (95% CI 3.3–25.6), and repeat ablation of 21.8 (95% CI 9.2–52.2). Compared with patients free of recurrence, the disease-specific quality of life was significantly impaired with AF episode durations &gt;24 h, or AF burdens &gt;0.1%.ConclusionAF recurrence, as defined by 30 s of arrhythmia, lacks clinical relevance. AF episode durations &gt;1 h or burdens &gt;0.1% were associated with increased rates of healthcare utilization.
Using artificial intelligence to improve pain assessment and pain management: a scoping review
Authors: Zhang Meina , Zhu Linzee , Lin Shih-Yin , Herr Keela , Chi Chih-Lin , Demir Ibrahim , Dunn Lopez Karen , Chi Nai-Ching 
Published: December 2022

AbstractContextOver 20% of US adults report they experience pain on most days or every day. Uncontrolled pain has led to increased healthcare utilization, hospitalization, emergency visits, and financial burden. Recognizing, assessing, understanding, and treating pain using artificial intelligence (AI) approaches may improve patient outcomes and healthcare resource utilization. A comprehensive synthesis of the current use and outcomes of AI-based interventions focused on pain assessment and management will guide the development of future research.ObjectivesThis review aims to investigate the state of the research on AI-based interventions designed to improve pain assessment and management for adult patients. We also ascertain the actual outcomes of Al-based interventions for adult patients.MethodsThe electronic databases searched include Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane CENTRAL, Scopus, IEEE Xplore, and ACM Digital Library. The search initially identified 6946 studies. After screening, 30 studies met the inclusion criteria. The Critical Appraisals Skills Programme was used to assess study quality.ResultsThis review provides evidence that machine learning, data mining, and natural language processing were used to improve efficient pain recognition and pain assessment, analyze self-reported pain data, predict pain, and help clinicians and patients to manage chronic pain more effectively.ConclusionsFindings from this review suggest that using AI-based interventions has a positive effect on pain recognition, pain prediction, and pain self-management; however, most reports are only pilot studies. More pilot studies with physiological pain measures are required before these approaches are ready for large clinical trial.
A possible explanation of the TeV emission from the pulsar wind nebula HESS J1825-137
Authors: Lu Fang-Wu , Zhu Bo-Tao , Hu Wen , Zhang Li 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
Pulsar wind nebula (PWN) HESS J1825-137 is one of the largest and brightest gamma-ray sources in Milky Way. It was found that the morphology of the nebula strongly depends on energy and the photon spectrum varies obviously with distance from the pulsar in the &gt;0.1 TeV energy band. In the frame of a spatially-dependent particle transport model, we investigate the TeV gamma-ray observed features of HESS J1825-137 by using the Markov chain Monte Carlo method. Our results are as follows: (i) the observed features can be reasonably explained by the competition between the transport (advection and diffusion) and energy cooling losses (adiabatic, synchrotron, and inverse Compton) of the high energy electrons, and that a parameter ξ ≡ τp/τC is introduced to describe this competition, which is the function of electron energy and position within the nebula, where τp and τC are total transport and energy cooling timescales, respectively; (ii) for the high energy electrons (Ee &gt; 0.1 TeV) within the nebula, the particle diffusion dominates over its advection, and the radiative cooling mostly dominates over adiabatic cooling; and (iii) the change of the radial extent with photon energy Eγ can be expressed as $R\propto E^{-\beta }_\gamma$, where the index β is a function of Eγ and the Klein−Nishina effect has a very important role for the variation of β with Eγ. From the modelling results, the initial rotation period, braking index, and age of the pulsar are predicted to be 12.16 ms, 1.79, and 44 kyr, respectively.
The chemical compositions of multiple stellar populations in the globular cluster NGC 2808
Authors: Carlos M , Marino A F , Milone A P , Dondoglio E , Jang S , Legnardi M V , Mohandasan A , Cordoni G , Lagioia E P , Amarsi A M , Jerjen H 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
Pseudo two-colour diagrams or Chromosome maps (ChM) indicate that NGC 2808 host five different stellar populations. The existing ChMs have been derived by the Hubble Space Telescope photometry, and comprise of stars in a small field of view around the cluster centre. To overcome these limitations, we built a ChM with U, B, I photometry from ground-based facilities that disentangle the multiple stellar populations of NGC 2808 over a wider field of view. We used spectra collected by GIRAFFE@VLT in a sample of 70 red giant branch and seven asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars to infer the abundances of C, N, O, Al, Fe, and Ni, which combined with literature data for other elements (Li, Na, Mg, Si, Ca, Sc, Ti, Cr, and Mn), and together with both the classical and the new ground-based ChMs, provide the most complete chemical characterization of the stellar populations in NGC 2808 available to date. As typical of the multiple population phenomenon in globular clusters, the light elements vary from one stellar population to another; whereas the iron peak elements show negligible variation between the different populations (at a level of ≲0.10 dex). Our AGB stars are also characterized by the chemical variations associated with the presence of multiple populations, confirming that this phase of stellar evolution is affected by the phenomenon as well. Intriguingly, we detected one extreme O-poor AGB star (consistent with a high He abundance), challenging stellar evolution models that suggest that highly He-enriched stars should avoid the AGB phase and evolve as AGB-manqué star.
Easy353: A Tool to Get Angiosperms353 Genes for Phylogenomic Research
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Xie Pulin , Guo Yongling , Zhou Wenbin , Liu Enyan , Yu Yan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The Angiosperms353 gene set (AGS) consists of a set of 353 universal low-copy nuclear genes that were selected by examining more than 600 angiosperm species. These genes can be used for phylogenetic studies and population genetics at multiple taxonomic scales. However, current pipelines are not able to recover Angiosperms353 genes efficiently and accurately from high-throughput sequences. Here, we developed Easy353, a reference-guided assembly tool to recover the AGS from high-throughput sequencing (HTS) data (including genome skimming, RNA-seq, and target enrichment). Easy353 is an open-source user-friendly assembler for diverse types of high-throughput data. It has a graphical user interface and a command-line interface that is compatible with all widely-used computer systems. Evaluations, based on both simulated and empirical data, suggest that Easy353 yields low rates of assembly errors.
Genetic Drift Shapes the Evolution of a Highly Dynamic Metapopulation
Authors: Angst Pascal , Ameline Camille , Haag Christoph R , Ben-Ami Frida , Ebert Dieter , Fields Peter D 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The dynamics of extinction and (re)colonization in habitat patches are characterizing features of dynamic metapopulations, causing them to evolve differently than large, stable populations. The propagule model, which assumes genetic bottlenecks during colonization, posits that newly founded subpopulations have low genetic diversity and are genetically highly differentiated from each other. Immigration may then increase diversity and decrease differentiation between subpopulations. Thus, older and/or less isolated subpopulations are expected to have higher genetic diversity and less genetic differentiation. We tested this theory using whole-genome pool-sequencing to characterize nucleotide diversity and differentiation in 60 subpopulations of a natural metapopulation of the cyclical parthenogen Daphnia magna. For comparison, we characterized diversity in a single, large, and stable D. magna population. We found reduced (synonymous) genomic diversity, a proxy for effective population size, weak purifying selection, and low rates of adaptive evolution in the metapopulation compared with the large, stable population. These differences suggest that genetic bottlenecks during colonization reduce effective population sizes, which leads to strong genetic drift and reduced selection efficacy in the metapopulation. Consistent with the propagule model, we found lower diversity and increased differentiation in younger and also in more isolated subpopulations. Our study sheds light on the genomic consequences of extinction–(re)colonization dynamics to an unprecedented degree, giving strong support for the propagule model. We demonstrate that the metapopulation evolves differently from a large, stable population and that evolution is largely driven by genetic drift.
A Proximity Sensor-Based Multipurpose Object Recognition Test System for Rodent Behavior Research
Authors: Vazquez Octavio G.G. , Demirhan Mehmet A. , Bannister Mackenzie , Sun Qian-Quan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe report an automated, low-cost, and open-source methodology for rodent object recognition tasks (ORT), which are widely used behavior paradigms. The system was designed with an effort of behavior standardization and improvement. When it combined with easily accessible 3-D manufacturing technology, this proximity capacitive sensor based method provides an opportunity to explore new, and high throughput hardware for NORT. The system’s software allows behavior data to be instantaneously monitored and its output can be plotted promptly immediately upon the completion of the behavior test, thus saving labor and time. The performance of this package is cross-verified with a widely used video-based automated software scoring method and examined its sensitivity to chemogenetic behavior manipulations. This integrated package is an affordable and accurate tool for translational recognition memory research and other type of research with frequent use of NORT paradigms.Visual Abstract
The CD73 immune checkpoint promotes tumor cell metabolic fitness
Authors: Allard David , Cousineau Isabelle , Ma Eric , Allard Bertrand , Barèche Yacine , Fleury Hubert , Stagg John 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCD73 is an ectonucleotidase overexpressed on tumor cells that suppresses anti-tumor immunity. Accordingly, several CD73 inhibitors are currently being evaluated in the clinic, including in large randomized clinical trials. Yet, the tumor cell-intrinsic impact of CD73 remain largely uncharacterized. Using metabolomics, we discovered that CD73 significantly enhances tumor cell mitochondrial respiration and aspartate biosynthesis. Importantly, rescuing aspartate biosynthesis was sufficient to restore proliferation of CD73-deficient tumors in immune deficient mice. Seahorse analysis of a large panel of mouse and human tumor cells demonstrated that CD73 enhanced oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and glycolytic reserve. Targeting CD73 decreased tumor cell metabolic fitness, increased genomic instability and suppressed poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) activity. Our study thus uncovered an important immune-independent function for CD73 in promoting tumor cell metabolism, and provides the rationale for previously unforeseen combination therapies incorporating CD73 inhibition.
Multiple paths towards repeated phenotypic evolution in the spiny-leg adaptive radiation (Tetragnatha; Hawaii)
Authors: Cerca José , Cotoras Darko D. , Santander Cindy G. , Bieker Vanessa C. , Hutchins Leke , Morin-Lagos Jaime , Prada Carlos F. , Kennedy Susan , Krehenwinkel Henrik , Rominger Andrew J. , Meier Joana , Dimitrov Dimitar , Struck Torsten H. , Gillespie Rosemary G. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe repeated evolution of phenotypes is ubiquitous in nature and offers some of the clearest evidence of the role of natural selection in evolution. The genomic basis of repeated phenotypic evolution is often complex and can arise from a combination of gene flow, shared ancestral polymorphism andde novomutation. Here, we investigate the genomic basis of repeated ecomorph evolution in the adaptive radiation of the Hawaiian spiny-legTetragnatha. This radiation comprises four ecomorphs that are microhabitat-specialists, and differ in body pigmentation and size (Green, Large Brown, Maroon, and Small Brown). Using 76 newly generated low-coverage, whole-genome resequencing samples, coupled with population genomic and phylogenomic tools, we studied the evolutionary history of the radiation to understand the evolution of the spiny-leg lineage and the genetic underpinnings of ecomorph evolution. Congruent with previous works, we find that each ecomorph has evolved twice, with the exception of the Small Brown ecomorph, which has evolved three times. The evolution of the Maroon and the Small Brown ecomorphs likely involved ancestral hybridization events, whereas the Green and the Large Brown ecomorphs likely evolved because of either standing genetic variation orde novomutation. Pairwise comparisons of ecomorphs based on the fixation index (FST) show that divergent genomic regions include genes with functions associated with pigmentation (melanization), learning, neuronal and synapse activity, and circadian rhythms. These results show that the repeated evolution of ecomorphs in the Hawaiian spiny-legTetragnathais linked to multiple genomic regions and suggests a previously unknown role of learning and circadian rhythms in ecomorph.
Tree segmentation in airborne laser scanning data is only accurate for canopy trees
Authors: Cao Yujie , Ball James G. C. , Coomes David A. , Steinmeier Leon , Knapp Nikolai , Wilkes Phil , Disney Mathias , Calders Kim , Burt Andrew , Lin Yi , Jackson Tobias D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIndividual tree segmentation from airborne laser scanning data is a longstanding and important challenge in forest remote sensing. There are a number of segmentation algorithms but robust intercomparison studies are rare due to the difficulty of obtaining reliable reference data. Here we provide a benchmark data set for temperate and tropical broadleaf forests generated from labelled terrestrial laser scanning data. We compare the performance of four widely used tree segmentation algorithms against this benchmark data set. All algorithms achieved reasonable accuracy for the canopy trees, but very low accuracy for the understory trees. The point cloud based algorithm AMS3D (Adaptive Mean Shift 3D) had the highest overall accuracy, closely followed by the 2D raster based region growing algorithm Dalponte2016+. This result was consistent across both forest types. This study emphasises the need to assess tree segmentation algorithms directly using benchmark data. We provide the first openly available benchmark data set for tropical forests and we hope future studies will extend this work to other regions.