bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The occupational life cycle of real estate brokers: a cohort study
Authors: Ahlenius Martin , Berggren Björn , Gerdemark Tommy , Kågström Jonas , Åge Lars-Johan 
Published: June 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to describe and analyze the occupational life cycle of Swedish real estate brokers.Design/methodology/approachVoluntary turnover among real estate brokers could lead to occupational turnover and/or employee turnover and has been described as problematic by both practitioners and researchers alike. Most previous studies focusing on this issue have explored connections between real estate brokers' personality, economic and market conditions and turnover. Employee turnover involves shifting jobs within the profession (real estate brokerage), whereas occupational turnover concerns movement to a job not related to the real estate brokerage profession. Both perspectives on turnover are however lacking data about the average time spent as a broker. This study fills this gap by exploring real estate brokers' life cycle through data analysis using a cohort study consisting of a sample of 5,304 real estate brokers registered and/or deregistered over a ten-year period from 2010 to 2019.FindingsThe analysis show that the decline is almost linear, resulting in 50% of the newly registered real estate brokers remain in the occupation eight years after registration. These findings are not in line with previous assumptions as the real estate brokers' life cycle is substantially longer. The results also reveal that there are differences in life cycles due to gender and year of registration.Originality/valueThe analysis of longitudinal, aggregated data on the life cycle of real estate brokers is highly relevant as it serves as a point of reference for future longitudinal studies analyzing the motives for leaving the occupation.
Stochastic network DEA-R models for two-stage systems
Authors: Wanke Peter , Ostovan Sahar , Mozaffari Mohammad Reza , Gerami Javad , Tan Yong 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to present two-stage network models in the presence of stochastic ratio data.

Design/methodology/approach
Black-box, free-link and fix-link techniques are used to apply the internal relations of the two-stage network. A deterministic linear programming model is derived from a stochastic two-stage network data envelopment analysis (DEA) model by assuming that some basic stochastic elements are related to the inputs, outputs and intermediate products. The linkages between the overall process and the two subprocesses are proposed. The authors obtain the relation between the efficiency scores obtained from the stochastic two stage network DEA-ratio considering three different strategies involving black box, free-link and fix-link. The authors applied their proposed approach to 11 airlines in Iran.

Findings
In most of the scenarios, when alpha in particular takes any value between 0.1 and 0.4, three models from Charnes, Cooper, and Rhodes (1978), free-link and fix-link generate similar efficiency scores for the decision-making units (DMUs), While a relatively higher degree of variations in efficiency scores among the DMUs is generated when the alpha takes the value of 0.5. Comparing the results when the alpha takes the value of 0.1–0.4, the DMUs have the same ranking in terms of their efficiency scores.

Originality/value
The authors innovatively propose a deterministic linear programming model, and to the best of the authors’ knowledge, for the first time, the internal relationships of a two-stage network are analyzed by different techniques. The comparison of the results would be able to provide insights from both the policy perspective as well as the methodological perspective.
Plant invasion modifies isohydricity in Mediterranean tree species
Authors: Haberstroh Simon , Lobo‐do‐Vale Raquel , Caldeira Maria C. , Dubbert Maren , Cuntz Matthias , Werner Christiane 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Understanding of plant hydraulic strategies (i.e. the degree of iso‐/anisohydricity) is crucial to predict the response of plants to changing environmental conditions such as climate‐change induced extreme drought. Several abiotic factors, including evaporative demand, have been shown to seasonally modify the isohydricity of plants. However, the impact of biotic factors such as plant–plant interactions on hydraulic strategies has seldom been explored.

Here, we investigated adaptations and changes in hydraulic strategies of two woody species in response to seasonal abiotic conditions, experimental drought and plant invasion in a Mediterranean cork oak (Quercus suber) ecosystem with a combined shrub invasion (Cistus ladanifer) and rain exclusion experiment.

From the dry to wet season, Q. suber shifted from a partial isohydric to an anisohydric behaviour while C. ladanifer shifted from strict anisohydric to partial isohydric. During drought, water competition by plant invasion significantly modified the hydraulic strategy of invaded Q. suber, which was accompanied by lower pre‐dawn leaf water potentials, sap flow density, leaf area index and trunk increment rates.

This altered isohydricity of invaded Q. suber trees was most likely caused by interspecific competition for water resources by water spending C. ladanifer shrubs. Both species do have the highest proportion of fine roots in the topsoil and thus, an additional water consumer, such as C. ladanifer can lead to more stressful conditions for Q. suber during times of water scarcity. Further underlying mechanisms of the altered isohydricity of Q. suber, such as potential allelopathic effects of C. ladanifer exudates on root growth of Q. suber, have to be investigated in the future.

In conclusion, we demonstrate that the degree of isohydricity of two woody Mediterranean plant species is dynamically determined by the interplay of species‐specific hydraulic traits and their abiotic and biotic environment.

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Small but mighty: Impacts of rodent‐herbivore structures on carbon and nutrient cycling in arctic tundra
Authors: Roy Austin , Gough Laura , Boelman Natalie T. , Rowe Rebecca J. , Griffin Kevin L. , McLaren Jennie R. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Understanding arctic ecosystem function is key to understanding future global carbon (C) and nutrient cycling processes. However, small mammal herbivores can have effects on ecosystems as structure builders and these effects have been underrepresented in the understanding of arctic systems.

We examined the impact of small mammal structures (hay piles, runways, latrines) on soils and plants in three arctic tundra regions near Utqiaġvik, Toolik Lake, and Nome, Alaska. Our aims were to (1) examine how vole and lemming structures influence plant and soil nutrient pools and microbial processes, (2) determine if structure effects were similar across tundra system types, and (3) understand how changes in the abundance and cover of these structures during different phases of small mammal multi‐annual population cycles might influence biogeochemical cycling.

In general, small mammal structures increased nitrogen (N) availability in soils, although effects varied by study region. Across study regions, hay piles were relatively uncommon (lowest % cover) but increased multiple soil N and P pools, C‐ and N‐acquiring enzyme activities, and leaf phosphorus (P) concentrations, with the specific nutrient variables and size of the effects varying by study region. Latrines had the second highest cover and influenced multiple C, N and P pools, but their effects were mainly observed within a single region. Lastly, runways had the highest % cover of all activity types but increased the fewest number of soil nutrient variables.

We conclude that by influencing soil nutrient availability and biogeochemical cycling, small mammal structures can influence bottom‐up regulation of ecosystem function, particularly during the high phase of the small mammal population cycle. Future changes in these population cycles might alter the role of small mammals in the Arctic and have lasting effects on system processes.

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The distillation method: A novel approach for analyzing randomized trials when exposure to the intervention is diluted
Authors: Adams John L. , Davis Anna C. , Schneider Eric C. , Hull Michaela M. , McGlynn Elizabeth A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo introduce a novel analytical approach for randomized controlled trials that are underpowered because of low participant enrollment or engagement.Data SourcesReanalysis of data for 805 patients randomized as part of a pilot complex care intervention in 2015–2016 in a large delivery system. In the pilot randomized trial, only 64.6% of patients assigned to the intervention group participated.Study DesignA case study and simulation. The “Distillation Method” capitalizes on the frequently observed correlation between the probability of subjects' participation or engagement in the intervention and the magnitude of benefit they experience. The novel method involves three stages: first, it uses baseline covariates to generate predicted probabilities of participation. Next, these are used to produce nested subsamples of the randomized intervention and control groups that are more concentrated with subjects who were likely to participate/engage. Finally, for the outcomes of interest, standard statistical methods are used to re‐evaluate intervention effectiveness in these concentrated subsets.Data Extraction MethodsWe assembled secondary data on patients who were randomized to the pilot intervention for one year prior to randomization and two follow‐up years. Data included program enrollment status, membership data, demographics, utilization, costs, and clinical data.Principal FindingsUsing baseline covariates only, Generalized Boosted Regression Models predicting program enrollment performed well (AUC 0.884). We then distilled the full randomized sample to increasing levels of concentration and reanalyzed program outcomes. We found statistically significant differences in outpatient utilization and emergency department utilization (both follow‐up years), and in total costs (follow‐up year two only) at select levels of population concentration.ConclusionsBy offering an internally valid analytic framework, the Distillation Method can increase the power to detect effects by redefining the estimand to subpopulations with higher enrollment probabilities and stronger average treatment effects while maintaining the original randomization.
Roles of stress response‐related signaling and its contribution to the toxicity of zearalenone in mammals
Authors: Bai Jun , Zhou Yusong , Luo Xin , Hai Jia , Si Xuemeng , Li Jun , Fu Huiyang , Dai Zhaolai , Yang Ying , Wu Zhenlong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractZearalenone (ZEA) is a mycotoxin frequently found in cereal crops and cereal‐derived foodstuffs worldwide. It affects plant productivity, and is also a serious hazard to humans and animals if being exposed to food/feed contaminated by ZEA. Studies over the last decade have shown that the toxicity of ZEA in animals is mainly mediated by the various stress responses, such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, oxidative stress, and others. Accumulating evidence shows that oxidative stress and ER stress signaling are actively implicated in and contributes to the pathophysiology of various diseases. Biochemically, the deleterious effects of ZEA are associated with apoptosis, DNA damage, and lipid peroxidation by regulating the expression of genes implicated in these biological processes. Despite these findings, the underlying mechanisms responsible for these alterations remain unclear. This review summarized the characteristics, metabolism, toxicity and the deleterious effects of ZEA exposure in various tissues of animals. Stress response signaling implicated in the toxicity as well as potential therapeutic options with the ability to reduce the deleterious effects of ZEA in animals were highlighted and discussed.
Referral to radiation oncology prior to prostatectomy: Referral rates in a New Zealand tertiary Centre
Authors: Xu‐Holland April C , Kain Mollie 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundRadical prostatectomy and radical radiotherapy have equivalent survival outcomes in the treatment of localised prostate cancer but differing side‐effect profiles. The 2018 Faculty of Radiation Oncology of the Royal Australasian College of Radiologists (RANZCR) position statement recommends that patients have the opportunity to discuss all suitable treatment options, ideally with the relevant specialist.This study aimed to determine the number and characteristics of men referred to radiation oncology before undergoing radical prostatectomy in the years immediately preceding the 2018 RANZCR position statement.MethodsThe electronic records of all men who underwent a radical prostatectomy in the Auckland region between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed for documentation of a referral or offer of referral to radiation oncology, or multidisciplinary meeting (MDM) consensus for surgery before prostatectomy. Patient and tumour variables were collected.ResultsBetween 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2017, 234 patients underwent radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer in the wider Auckland region. Before undergoing prostatectomy, 89 of 234 patients (38.0%) were referred, offered but declined referral, or had MDM consensus for surgery. Age and urologist were most strongly correlated with the primary outcome; those offered referral were older than those who were not (P = 0.030). The practice of one urologist was an outlier, referring or recommending referral to 92.3% of patients (P < 0.0001).ConclusionThese results provide a benchmark for future studies assessing referral practices following the RANZCR position statement, and suggest a need for further education and advocacy regarding the role of radiotherapy in the treatment of localised prostate cancer.
Trauma exposure and co‐occurring ICD‐11 post‐traumatic stress disorder and complex post‐traumatic stress disorder in adults with lived experience of psychiatric disorder
Authors: Lewis Catrin , Lewis Katie , Roberts Alice , Edwards Bethan , Evison Claudia , John Ann , Meudell Alan , Parry Patrick , Pearce Holly , Richards Natalie , Jones Ian , Bisson Jonathan I. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo establish factors associated with ICD‐11 post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD (CPTSD) in a large sample of adults with lived experience of psychiatric disorder and examine the psychiatric burden associated with the two disorders.MethodsOne thousand three hundred and five adults were recruited from the National Centre for Mental Health (NCMH) cohort. ICD‐11 PTSD/CPTSD were assessed with the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ). Binary logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with both PTSD and CPTSD. One‐way between‐groups analysis of variance was conducted to examine the burden associated with the two disorders in terms of symptoms of anxiety, depression, and psychological wellbeing. For post‐hoc pairwise comparisons, the Tukey HSD test was used, and the magnitude of between‐group differences assessed using Cohen's d.ResultsProbable ICD‐11 CPTSD was more common than PTSD within the sample (PTSD 2.68%; CPTSD 12.72%). We found evidence that PTSD was associated with interpersonal trauma and household income under £20,000 a year. CPTSD was also associated with interpersonal trauma, higher rates of personality disorder, and lower rates of bipolar disorder. Those with probable‐CPTSD had higher levels of current anxiety and depressive symptoms and lower psychological wellbeing in comparison to those with probable‐PTSD and those with neither disorder.ConclusionsCPTSD was more prevalent than PTSD in our sample of people with lived experience of psychiatric disorder. Our findings indicate a need for routine screening for trauma histories and PTSD/CPTSD in clinical settings and a greater focus on the need for interventions to treat CPTSD.
Invasion of Popillia japonica in Lombardy, Italy: Interactions with soil entomopathogenic nematodes and native grubs
Authors: Glazer Itamar , Santoiemma Giacomo , Battisti Andrea , De Luca Francesca , Fanelli Elena , Troccoli Alberto , Tarasco Eustachio , Sacchi Stefano , Bianchi Alessandro , Gilioli Gianni , Gherardo Pamela , Mori Nicola 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The recent invasion of the Japanese beetle Popillia japonica Newman (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in northern Italy offered the opportunity to explore the entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) associated with the soil of hay meadows.
A total of 61 sites were considered for nematode sampling, and from 17 of them (27.9%) EPNs were isolated and further characterized with molecular and morphological techniques as well as with laboratory bioassays.
Two main species, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) and Steinernema carpocapsae Weiser (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) were recorded with the same frequency together with a few other species (Rhabditida: Oscheius sp. and Phasmarhabditis sp.).
The newly isolated EPN populations were characterized for their activity (penetration rate) and infectivity to P. japonica grubs.
EPNs occurrence was related to the time of beetle invasion at each sampling site and there was evidence of a density‐dependent response of the EPNs community to P. japonica density.
The invasion of P. japonica apparently did not significantly affect the occurrence of native grubs, although a tendency to a decline was observed and should be further investigated.
DMEK graft: One size does not fit all
Authors: Parekh Mohit , Romano Davide , Wongvisavavit Rintra , Coco Giulia , Giannaccare Giuseppe , Ferrari Stefano , Rocha‐de‐Lossada Carlos , Levis Hannah J. , Semeraro Francesco , Calvo‐de‐Mora Marina Rodríguez , Scorcia Vincenzo , Romano Vito 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDescemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) is a popular procedure for the treatment of corneal endothelial diseases mainly targeting Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) and pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (PBK). Although DMEK has multiple advantages, it is challenging in terms of graft preparation and delivery. One of the crucial factors of DMEK graft preparation is determining the size of the graft. Evaluating risks and benefits of transplanting larger or smaller grafts compared with the descemetorhexis performed following a standard DMEK procedure thus becomes important. Advanced techniques like pre‐loaded DMEK requires pre‐selection of graft diameter without physical examination of the eye making it more challenging. Therefore, recognizing the benefits of graft size and the number of transplanted endothelial cells becomes essential. Smaller DMEK grafts have been preferred and accepted for grafting. Larger diameter grafts have advantages but can be challenging due to higher detachment rates. We thus aim to review the challenges of preparing and delivering DMEK tissues with small or large diameter based on selected descemetorhexis area, discuss the outcomes based on different graft sizes, highlight related complications and suggest which cases may benefit from adopting smaller or larger graft size.
The highly expressed calcium‐insensitive synaptotagmin‐11 and synaptotagmin‐13 modulate insulin secretion
Authors: Ofori Jones K. , Karagiannopoulos Alexandros , Barghouth Mohammad , Nagao Mototsugu , Andersson Markus E. , Salunkhe Vishal A. , Zhang Enming , Wendt Anna , Eliasson Lena 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimSYT11 and SYT13, two calcium‐insensitive synaptotagmins, are downregulated in islets from type 2 diabetic donors, but their function in insulin secretion is unknown. To address this, we investigated the physiological role of these two synaptotagmins in insulin‐secreting cells.MethodsCorrelations between gene expression levels were performed using previously described RNA‐seq data on islets from 188 human donors. SiRNA knockdown was performed in EndoC‐βH1 and INS‐1 832/13 cells. Insulin secretion was measured with ELISA. Patch‐clamp was used for single‐cell electrophysiology. Confocal microscopy was used to determine intracellular localization.ResultsHuman islet expression of the transcription factor PDX1 was positively correlated with SYT11 (p = 2.4e−10) and SYT13 (p < 2.2e−16). Syt11 and Syt13 both co‐localized with insulin, indicating their localization in insulin granules. Downregulation of Syt11 in INS‐1 832/13 cells (siSYT11) resulted in increased basal and glucose‐induced insulin secretion. Downregulation of Syt13 (siSYT13) decreased insulin secretion induced by glucose and K+. Interestingly, the cAMP‐raising agent forskolin was unable to enhance insulin secretion in siSYT13 cells. There was no difference in insulin content, exocytosis, or voltage‐gated Ca2+ currents in the two models. Double knockdown of Syt11 and Syt13 (DKD) resembled the results in siSYT13 cells.ConclusionSYT11 and SYT13 have similar localization and transcriptional regulation, but they regulate insulin secretion differentially. While downregulation of SYT11 might be a compensatory mechanism in type‐2 diabetes, downregulation of SYT13 reduces the insulin secretory response and overrules the compensatory regulation of SYT11 in a way that could aggravate the disease.
Riociguat attenuates the changes in left ventricular proteome and microRNA profile after experimental aortic stenosis in mice
Authors: Benkner Alexander , Rüdebusch Julia , Nath Neetika , Hammer Elke , Grube Karina , Gross Stefan , Dhople Vishnu M. , Eckstein Gertrud , Meitinger Thomas , Kaderali Lars , Völker Uwe , Fielitz Jens , Felix Stephan B. 
Published: June 2022

Background and PurposeDevelopment and progression of heart failure involve endothelial and myocardial dysfunction as well as a dysregulation of the NO‐sGC‐cGMP signalling pathway. Recently, we reported that the sGC stimulator riociguat has beneficial effects on cardiac remodelling and progression of heart failure in response to chronic pressure overload. Here, we examined if these beneficial effects of riociguat were also reflected in alterations of the myocardial proteome and microRNA profiles.Experimental ApproachMale C57BL/6N mice underwent transverse aortic constriction (TAC) and sham‐operated mice served as controls. TAC and sham animals were randomised and treated with either riociguat or vehicle for 5 weeks, starting 3 weeks after surgery, when cardiac hypertrophy was established. Afterwards, we performed mass spectrometric proteome analyses and microRNA sequencing of proteins and RNAs, respectively, isolated from left ventricles (LVs).Key ResultsTAC‐induced changes of the LV proteome were significantly reduced by treatment with riociguat. Bioinformatics analyses revealed that riociguat improved TAC‐induced cardiovascular disease‐related pathways, metabolism and energy production, for example, reversed alterations in the levels of myosin heavy chain 7, cardiac phospholamban and ankyrin repeat domain‐containing protein 1. Riociguat also attenuated TAC‐induced changes of microRNA levels in the LV.Conclusion and ImplicationsThe sGC stimulator riociguat exerted beneficial effects on cardiac structure and function during pressure overload, which was accompanied by a reversal of TAC‐induced changes of the cardiac proteome and microRNA profile. Our data support the potential of riociguat as a novel therapeutic agent for heart failure.