bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of biochemical composition of commercial sea cucumbers, Apostichopus japonicus and Parastichopus californicus, under the same culture conditions
Authors: Jiang Senhao , Tong Xinyu , Jiang Yuhao , Wu Linxin , Li Li , Ma Ruiting , Xue Jipeng , Jiang Congbing 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDApostichopus japonicus and Parastichopus californicus are two of the most important and profitable commercial sea cucumbers along the North Pacific coast. This study compared the body wall production rate (BWPR), proximate composition, amino acid, fatty acid, trace element and vitamin composition, and nonspecific immune enzyme activities of A. japonicus and P. californicus cultured in an artificial pond.RESULTSThe BWPR, crude fat and ash content in the body walls of A. japonicus and P. californicus showed remarkable differences (P < 0.05). For the 18 amino acids tested, differences in the contents of 15 were significant (P < 0.05) between the two species, except for threonine, methionine and histidine, and their first limiting amino acids were both methionine+cysteine. There were seven saturated and ten unsaturated fatty acids in their body walls, and except for 18:1 and 20:1, the content differences of the other 15 fatty acids were all significant (P < 0.05). Furthermore, between the two sea cucumbers, differences in the content of seven trace elements (Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cr, Ni, Se) and six vitamins (B1, B3, B5, B9, C, E) were significant (P < 0.05). The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) also showed distinct differences (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONThere are greater differences in the biochemical compositions and contents between A. japonicus and P. californicus, each with its own unique quality advantages. A. japonicus and P. californicus have high nutritional value, which are both the superior sea cucumbers. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Maternal vitamin D status in relation to infant BMI growth trajectories up to 2 years of age in two prospective pregnancy cohorts
Authors: Amberntsson Anna , Bärebring Linnea , Winkvist Anna , Lissner Lauren , Meltzer Helle Margrete , Brantsæter Anne Lise , Papadopoulou Eleni , Augustin Hanna 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundEarly childhood growth can affect the child's health status later in life. Maternal vitamin D status has been suggested to affect early childhood growth. However, there is a lack of studies investigating the role of maternal vitamin D status on growth trajectories during infancy. By using growth mixture modeling (GMM), maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy can be investigated in relation to different classes of infant growth trajectories.ObjectivesTo examine the association between maternal 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and classes of infant body mass index (BMI) growth trajectories.MethodsMother–child pairs were included from the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study (MoBa,n= 2522) and the Swedish GraviD cohort (n = 862). Maternal 25OHD in pregnancy was analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Children's weights and heights were registry‐based. GMM identified classes of infant BMI growth trajectories up to 2 years. The association between maternal 25OHD and infant BMI class by cohort was estimated using a log‐link generalized linear model. Mixed model analysis estimated the pooled association including both cohorts.ResultsTwo infant BMI classes were identified, stable normal and stable high. In MoBa, maternal 25OHD <50 and 50–75 nmol/L were associated (RR 2.70, 95% CI 1.26–5.77 and RR 2.56, 95% CI 1.20–5.47) with a higher risk of the infant stable high BMI class, compared with 25OHD >75 nmol/L. In GraviD, no association was found. In pooled analysis, maternal 25OHD ≤75 nmol/L was non‐significantly associated with a higher risk of the stable high BMI growth class.ConclusionsMaternal 25OHD ≤75 nmol/L may be associated with a higher class of BMI growth trajectory during infancy.
Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Interfaces for Spin Injection into Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene
Authors: Martin Pascal , Dlubak Bruno , Seneor Pierre , Mattana Richard , Martin Marie‐Blandine , Lafarge Philippe , Mallet François , Della Rocca Maria Luisa , Dubois Simon M.‐M. , Charlier Jean‐Christophe , Barraud Clément 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSpintronics is a quantum technology which aims at adding the spin quantum degree of freedom to conventional CMOS electronics. Since the discovery of the giant magneto‐resistance in 1988, considered as the birth of this field, spintronics continues flooding the market with plethora of devices used in everyday life applications such as hard drive read heads or magnetic random‐access memories, and so on. From a fundamental research perspective, the field is still blooming bringing post‐CMOS perspectives technologically closer to the reality with, for instance, prototypes of all‐spin‐logic circuits and neuromorphic chips. To sustain this intense research activity, a quest for new platform materials is also taking place not only to enhance existing performances but also to generate novel functionalities. In this vein, carbon nanostructures such as molecules, graphene, and carbon nanotubes are among the most sought‐after materials. In this review, spin transport experiments in carbon nanotubes and graphene are first detailed and then, the necessity to consider new hybrid interfaces are highlighted for a better control of the spin injection at the quantum device level.
Efficient estimation of indirect effects in case‐control studies using a unified likelihood framework
Authors: Satten Glen A. , Curtis Sarah W. , Solis‐Lemus Claudia , Leslie Elizabeth J. , Epstein Michael P. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMediation models are a set of statistical techniques that investigate the mechanisms that produce an observed relationship between an exposure variable and an outcome variable in order to deduce the extent to which the relationship is influenced by intermediate mediator variables. For a case‐control study, the most common mediation analysis strategy employs a counterfactual framework that permits estimation of indirect and direct effects on the odds ratio scale for dichotomous outcomes, assuming either binary or continuous mediators. While this framework has become an important tool for mediation analysis, we demonstrate that we can embed this approach in a unified likelihood framework for mediation analysis in case‐control studies that leverages more features of the data (in particular, the relationship between exposure and mediator) to improve efficiency of indirect effect estimates. One important feature of our likelihood approach is that it naturally incorporates cases within the exposure‐mediator model to improve efficiency. Our approach does not require knowledge of disease prevalence and can model confounders and exposure‐mediator interactions, and is straightforward to implement in standard statistical software. We illustrate our approach using both simulated data and real data from a case‐control genetic study of lung cancer.
Geometrical‐, Electronic‐ and Optical Properties of Vanadium Dioxide: A Theoretical Perspective from Meta‐GGA SCAN
Authors: Varadwaj Arpita , Miyake Takashi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMeta‐GGA (SCAN, and SCAN‐rVV10) density functionals were used to determine the lattice constants, cell‐volume and ‐density, phase‐stability, bandgaps and dielectric functions of experimentally recognized non‐magnetic VO2 in the monoclinic (M1) and rutile (R) phases. Our results suggest that these functionals can adequately predict the most important geometrical and optoelectronic properties of VO2 that are not only in excellent agreement with experiment but also better than those reported using GGA and GGA+U. In specific, we have shown that SCAN‐rVV10 correctly predicts the preferential energy stability of low‐temperature monoclinic phase over the high‐temperature rutile phase of VO2, in agreement with the experimental latent heat of phase transition between the two phases (44.45 meV). A bandgap of approximately 0.58 eV for VO2(M1) was obtained with the two meta‐GGA functionals, which is also consistent with experiment (0.6–0.7 eV). Although the meta‐GGA predicted absorption peaks of the imaginary part of the dielectric function in the near infrared region has displayed reasonable match with experiment, it overestimated the absorption peaks in the visible region. Our results suggest that the degree of exchange and electron‐electron correlation incorporated in meta‐GGA SCAN, and its van der Waals analogue, SCAN‐rVV10, is appropriate in reproducing the experimentally observed V–V chain features that are linked with the insulator‐to‐metal phase transition. The optical dielectric features computed with GGA and meta‐GGA were compared with many‐body theory (at the G0W0 (RPA) and G0W0‐BSE level(s)) and discussed.
Distributed fiber optic sensors for measuring strains of concrete, steel, and textile reinforcement: Possible fields of application
Authors: Zdanowicz Katarzyna , Gebauer Daniel , Koschemann Marc , Speck Kerstin , Steinbock Oliver , Beckmann Birgit , Marx Steffen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe article describes measurements of strains of concrete, steel and textile reinforcement with distributed fiber optic sensors (DFOS). The technology of distributed strain measurements gains currently increasing attention within the civil engineering field and indeed the DFOS can be applied in various measurement scenarios providing results and insights which were not possible before. Within this article, the fibers and adhesives that are most commonly used are compared and several measurement scenarios and their results are described, including precise strain measurements with high resolution as well as measurements on large‐scale specimens. Concrete strains were measured in a multiaxial compression stress state and also during setting and hardening and in flexural tests. Strains of the steel and textile reinforcement were monitored along the bond zone and also in flexural tests. Finally, cracking patterns were observed and compared with digital image correlation methods. Validated examples of applications of DFOS in laboratory work are described.
Cosmological constraints on dark scalar
Authors: Ibe Masahiro , Kobayashi Shin , Nakayama Yuhei , Shirai Satoshi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We discuss cosmological constraints on a dark scalar particle mixing with the Standard Model Higgs boson. We pay particular attention to the dark scalar production process when the reheating temperature of the Universe is very low, which allows us to give a conservative limit on the low-mass scalar particle. We also study the effect of the self-interaction of the dark scalars and find this has a significant impact on the cosmological constraints. We obtain the most conservative cosmological constraint on the dark scalar, which is complementary to accelerator experiments and astrophysical observations.
Flow cytometry based-FRET: basics, novel developments and future perspectives
Authors: Lim JiaWen , Petersen Moritz , Bunz Maximilian , Simon Claudia , Schindler Michael 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFörster resonance energy transfer (FRET) is a widespread technology used to analyze and quantify protein interactions in multiple settings. While FRET is traditionally measured by microscopy, flow cytometry based-FRET is becoming popular within the last decade and more commonly used. Flow cytometry based-FRET offers the possibility to assess FRET in a short time-frame in a high number of cells thereby allowing stringent and statistically robust quantification of FRET in multiple samples. Furthermore, established, simple and easy to implement gating strategies facilitate the adaptation of flow cytometry based-FRET measurements to most common flow cytometers. We here summarize the basics of flow cytometry based-FRET, highlight recent novel developments in this field and emphasize on exciting future perspectives.
Felix Martin Oberländer (1851–1915) und sein Beitrag zur Wissenschafts- und Fachentwicklung von Urologie und Venerologie
Authors: Moll Friedrich H. 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungWährend die Erinnerungskultur zu Maximilian Nitze innerhalb der deutschen Urologie gut entwickelt ist, bleibt das Wissen um Felix Martin Oberländer unscharf, obwohl er das Zentralblatt für die Krankheiten der Harn- und Sexualorgane herausgab, den Vorsitz bei der Gründung der alten Deutschen Gesellschaft für Urologie e. V. (DGU) im Jahre 1906 führte und später nach ihm ein Wissenschaftspreis der DGU benannt wurde.
Phase Transitions for $$\phi ^4_3$$
Authors: Chandra Ajay , Gunaratnam Trishen S. , Weber Hendrik 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe establish a surface order large deviation estimate for the magnetisation of low temperature $$\phi ^4_3$$

ϕ
3
4

. As a byproduct, we obtain a decay of spectral gap for its Glauber dynamics given by the $$\phi ^4_3$$

ϕ
3
4

singular stochastic PDE. Our main technical contributions are contour bounds for $$\phi ^4_3$$

ϕ
3
4

, which extends 2D results by Glimm et al. (Commun Math Phys 45(3):203–216, 1975). We adapt an argument by Bodineau et al. (J Math Phys 41(3):1033–1098, 2000) to use these contour bounds to study phase segregation. The main challenge to obtain the contour bounds is to handle the ultraviolet divergences of $$\phi ^4_3$$

ϕ
3
4

whilst preserving the structure of the low temperature potential. To do this, we build on the variational approach to ultraviolet stability for $$\phi ^4_3$$

ϕ
3
4

developed recently by Barashkov and Gubinelli (Duke Math. J. 169(17):3339–3415, 2020).
Zeros of the i.i.d. Gaussian Laurent Series on an Annulus: Weighted Szegő Kernels and Permanental-Determinantal Point Processes
Authors: Katori Makoto , Shirai Tomoyuki 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOn an annulus $${{\mathbb {A}}}_q :=\{z \in {{\mathbb {C}}}: q< |z| < 1\}$$

A
q

:
=

{
z
∈
C
:
q
<
|
z
|
<
1
}

with a fixed $$q \in (0, 1)$$

q
∈
(
0
,
1
)

, we study a Gaussian analytic function (GAF) and its zero set which defines a point process on $${{\mathbb {A}}}_q$$

A
q

called the zero point process of the GAF. The GAF is defined by the i.i.d. Gaussian Laurent series such that the covariance kernel parameterized by $$r >0$$

r
>
0

is identified with the weighted Szegő kernel of $${{\mathbb {A}}}_q$$

A
q

with the weight parameter r studied by McCullough and Shen. The GAF and the zero point process are rotationally invariant and have a symmetry associated with the q-inversion of coordinate $$z \leftrightarrow q/z$$

z
↔
q
/
z

and the parameter change $$r \leftrightarrow q^2/r$$

r
↔

q
2

/
r

. When $$r=q$$

r
=
q

they are invariant under conformal transformations which preserve $${{\mathbb {A}}}_q$$

A
q

. Conditioning the GAF by adding zeros, new GAFs are induced such that the covariance kernels are also given by the weighted Szegő kernel of McCullough and Shen but the weight parameter r is changed depending on the added zeros. We also prove that the zero point process of the GAF provides a permanental-determinantal point process (PDPP) in which each correlation function is expressed by a permanent multiplied by a determinant. Dependence on r of the unfolded 2-correlation function of the PDPP is studied. If we take the limit $$q \rightarrow 0$$

q
→
0

, a simpler but still non-trivial PDPP is obtained on the unit disk $${\mathbb {D}}$$
D
. We observe that the limit PDPP indexed by $$r \in (0, \infty )$$

r
∈
(
0
,
∞
)

can be regarded as an interpolation between the determinantal point process (DPP) on $${{\mathbb {D}}}$$
D
studied by Peres and Virág ($$r \rightarrow 0$$

r
→
0

) and that DPP of Peres and Virág with a deterministic zero added at the origin ($$r \rightarrow \infty $$

r
→
∞

).
“Mushrooms (and a cow) are A Means of Survival for Us”: Dissimilar Ethnomycological Perspectives among Hutsuls and Romanians Living Across The Ukrainian-Romanian Border
Authors: Stryamets N. , Mattalia G. , Pieroni A. , Sõukand R. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSustainable forest management highlights the multipurpose use of all forest resources, including the use of wild mushrooms, by a variety of forest users and especially for rural livelihoods. To achieve sustainable forest management, among others, decision-makers and forest managers need to identify the important elements for the livelihoods of local communities dependent on forests. Therefore, our aim is to analyse the importance of contemporary use of wild mushrooms for daily livelihoods in rural areas of the Carpathian Mountains by comparing two ethnic groups, Hutsuls and Romanians, living in a similar ecological environment and formerly belonging to the historical region of Bukovina, but currently split by the border between Ukraine and Romania which have different governments and economic situations. One hundred and twenty-one face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted in the summers of 2018 and 2019. We compared the Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) of Romanians and Hutsuls living, respectively, in lowlands and mountain areas on both sides of the border. Our results demonstrated the homogenous use of mushroom species for cultural purposes (e.g. ritual foods). Yet, we detected a remarkable difference in the role mushrooms play in providing income: Hutsuls in Ukraine use forest products as a main (rarely additional) source of income, while Romanian Hutsuls use them solely as additional income. Romanians on both sides considered mushrooms mainly as food and did not sell them (probably due in part to less abundance in the area). We also documented the fear of local residents that forest management and protected areas could suppress the right to collect wild mushrooms. The use of mushrooms is an important aspect of local TEK and needs to be considered as a part of sustainable forest management and as a means of poverty reduction in the region.
Generating greenhouse gas cutting incentives when allocating carbon dioxide emissions to shipments in road freight transportation
Authors: Kellner Florian 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRoad freight transportation accounts for a great share of the anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In order to provide a common methodology for carbon accounting related to transport activities, the European Committee for Standardization has published the European Norm EN-16258. Unfortunately, EN-16258 contains gaps and ambiguities and leaves room for interpretation, which makes the comparison of the environmental performance of different logistics networks still difficult and hinders the identification of best practices. This research contributes to the identification of particularly meaningful principles for the allocation of GHG to shipments in road freight transportation by presenting an analytical framework for studying the performance of the EN-16258 allocation schemes with respect to accuracy, fairness, and the GHG minimizing incentive. In doing so, we continue previous studies that analyzed two important aspects of the EN-16258 allocation rules: accuracy and fairness. This study provides further insights into this allocation problem by investigating the incentive power of the different allocation schemes to opt for the GHG minimal way of running a road freight network. First, we complement the list of transport scenarios introduced in prior studies and present two novel scenarios. Second, we carry out a series of numerical experiments to compare the EN-16258 allocation rules with respect to accuracy, fairness, and the GHG minimizing incentive. We find that the results may differ significantly for the two scenarios, suggesting a case-by-case recommendation. This is particularly interesting because the first scenario confirms the results of the prior studies, while the second scenario rather contradicts them.
Influence of a proinflammatory state on postprandial outcomes in elderly subjects with a risk phenotype for cardiometabolic diseases
Authors: Schönknecht Yannik Bernd , Crommen Silke , Stoffel-Wagner Birgit , Coenen Martin , Fimmers Rolf , Stehle Peter , Egert Sarah 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Low-grade inflammation in obesity is associated with insulin resistance and other metabolic disturbances. In response to high-energy meal intake, blood concentrations of inflammatory markers, glucose and insulin rise. The aim of this study was to examine whether a basal inflammatory state influences postprandial responses.

Methods
A randomized crossover trial was performed in 60 participants with a cardiometabolic risk phenotype (age 70 ± 5 years; BMI 30.9 ± 3.1 kg/m2). Each participant consumed three different iso-energetic meals (4300 kJ): a Western diet-like high-fat meal (WDHF), a Western diet-like high-carbohydrate meal (WDHC) and a Mediterranean diet-like meal (MED). Blood samples were collected when fasted and hourly for 5 h postprandially and analyzed for glucose, insulin, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and endothelial adhesion molecules. Based on fasting serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations, participants were assigned to a high inflammation (CRP ≥ 2.0 mg/L; n = 30) or low inflammation (CRP < 2.0 mg/L; n = 30) group, and postprandial outcomes were compared.

Results
Plasma IL-6, glucose and serum insulin increased after all meals, while IL-1β and endothelial adhesion molecules were unchanged. The high inflammation group had higher fasting and postprandial IL-6 concentrations than the low inflammation group, although the IL-6 response slope was similar between groups. In response to the WDHC meal, participants in the high inflammation group experienced a higher glycaemic response than those in the low inflammation group.

Conclusion
A basal proinflammatory state results in higher absolute fasting and postprandial IL-6 concentrations, but the increase in IL-6 relative to basal levels is not different between high and low inflammation groups. Elevated glycaemic response in the high inflammation group may be due to inflammation-induced short-term insulin resistance.
The trial was registered at http://www.germanctr.de and http://www.drks.de under identifier DRKS00009861 (registration date, January 22, 2016).
The genetic and phenotypic landscapes of Usher syndrome: from disease mechanisms to a new classification
Authors: Delmaghani Sedigheh , El-Amraoui Aziz 
Published: March 2022

AbstractUsher syndrome (USH) is the most common cause of deaf–blindness in humans, with a prevalence of about 1/10,000 (~ 400,000 people worldwide). Cochlear implants are currently used to reduce the burden of hearing loss in severe-to-profoundly deaf patients, but many promising treatments including gene, cell, and drug therapies to restore the native function of the inner ear and retinal sensory cells are under investigation. The traditional clinical classification of Usher syndrome defines three major subtypes—USH1, 2 and 3—according to hearing loss severity and onset, the presence or absence of vestibular dysfunction, and age at onset of retinitis pigmentosa. Pathogenic variants of nine USH genes have been initially reported: MYO7A, USH1C, PCDH15, CDH23, and USH1G for USH1, USH2A, ADGRV1, and WHRN for USH2, and CLRN1 for USH3. Based on the co-occurrence of hearing and vision deficits, the list of USH genes has been extended to few other genes, but with limited supporting information. A consensus on combined criteria for Usher syndrome is crucial for the development of accurate diagnosis and to improve patient management. In recent years, a wealth of information has been obtained concerning the properties of the Usher proteins, related molecular networks, potential genotype–phenotype correlations, and the pathogenic mechanisms underlying the impairment or loss of hearing, balance and vision. The advent of precision medicine calls for a clear and more precise diagnosis of Usher syndrome, exploiting all the existing data to develop a combined clinical/genetic/network/functional classification for Usher syndrome.