bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach during COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil
Authors: da Costa Louise Ferreira Nascimento Pestana , Ferreira-Pinto Pedro Henrique Costa , Pontes Julia Pereira Muniz , Brito Ana Carolina Gonçalves , Martha Bernardo Martins Rodrigues , da Silva Wellerson Novaes , Rodrigues Victor Hugo Corrêa , Tavares Ana Beatriz Winter , Simões Elington Lannes , de Carvalho Felipe Gonçalves , Nigri Flavio 
Published: November 2022

Background:Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach (EETA) is a well-established technique for sellar tumor resection. However, this route causes aerosol dispersion from the nasal cavity. In the context of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, new measures were taken aiming at the safety and protection of patients and health-care professionals. Herein, we present a Brazilian experience with EETA during COVID-19 pandemic.Methods:This study was based on the review of medical records and observation in the operating room of the patients undergoing endoscopic surgery in the period from May 2020 to July 2022. All patients were tested by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) COVID-19 before and after surgery. Since September 2021, it has been mandatory to present vaccination cards for adults (over 18 years old).Results:This case series included 28 patients and 35 surgical procedures using the EETA, who presented of nonfunctioning macroadenomas (19 cases − 67.8%), GH-secreting tumor (three cases − 10.8%), ACTH-secreting tumor (three cases − 10.8%), meningiomas (two cases − 7.1%), and Rathke’s cleft cyst (one case – 3.5%). There were eight cases of diabetes insipidus (28.5%), five cases of cerebrospinal fluid leak (17.8%), and one case of meningitis (3.5%). Three patients died due to meningitis (one case), carotid occlusion (one case), and COVID-19 complications (one case).Conclusion:A simple protocol was established to perform EETA during the COVID-19 pandemic. The pituitary surgeries were maintained to treat critical cases. To date, the protocol should be continually updated to improve the procedure’s safety.
Strategy of carotid artery stenting as first-line treatment and carotid endarterectomy for carotid artery stenosis: A single-center experience
Authors: Okamoto Takanari , Inoue Yasuo , Oi Yuta , Taniyama Ichita , Houri Takashi , Teramukai Satoshi , Hashimoto Naoya 
Published: November 2022

Background:
The main surgical options for stenosis of the carotid artery are carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and carotid artery stenting (CAS). The number of CAS procedures performed in Japan greatly exceeds that of CEA procedures. In this study, we used data from a single center to examine CAS and CEA for carotid artery stenosis.

Methods:
The subjects were patients with carotid artery stenosis who underwent CAS or CEA between January 2012 and May 2020. CAS was the first-choice treatment. CEA was used in cases with vulnerable plaques, a relatively low risk of general anesthesia, and no anatomical features disadvantageous for endarterectomy.

Results:
A total of 140 cases (102 CAS and 38 CEA) were examined. There were more elderly patients in the CAS group. The CEA group had a higher rate of vulnerable plaques and only one case with an unfavorable anatomy for CEA. Major adverse events (stroke) occurred in two CAS cases. In multivariate logistic analysis, postoperative ischemic lesions were independently associated with age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.13, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01–1.26, P = 0.026) and vulnerable plaque (OR = 5.54, 95% CI: 1.48–20.70, P = 0.011) in the CAS group, but not in the CEA group.

Conclusion:
The results reflect the treatment algorithm at our hospital, indicating that triage is accurate. Thus, it is beneficial to assign cases based primarily on plaque vulnerability and anatomical risk for CEA, and to not hesitate to perform CEA simply because of old age. CAS as first-line treatment and CEA are effective and safe, which reflect the treatment situation in Japan.
Comparative effectiveness of stent-assisted coiling and Woven EndoBridge embolization for the treatment of unruptured wide-neck bifurcation intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Kashkoush Ahmed , El-Abtah Mohamed E. , Srivatsa Shaarada , Desai Ansh , Davison Mark , Achey Rebecca , Mahapatra Ashutosh , Patterson Thomas , Moore Nina , Bain Mark 
Published: November 2022

OBJECTIVE
Woven EndoBridge (WEB) intrasaccular flow disruptors and stent-assisted coiling (SAC) are viable endovascular treatment options for wide-neck bifurcation intracranial aneurysms (WNBAs). Data directly comparing these two treatment options are limited. The authors aimed to compare radiographic occlusion rates and complication profiles between patients who received WEB and those who received SAC for WNBAs.

METHODS
Retrospective review of a prospectively maintained cerebrovascular procedural database was performed at a single academic medical center between 2017 and 2021. Patients were included if they underwent WEB embolization or SAC of an unruptured WNBA. SAC patients were propensity matched to WEB-embolized patients on the basis of aneurysm morphology. Complete and adequate (complete occlusion or residual neck remnant) occlusion rates at last angiographic follow-up, as well as periprocedural complications, were compared between the two groups. A cost comparison was performed for a typical 5-mm WNBA treated with WEB versus SAC by using manufacturer-suggested retail prices.

RESULTS
Thirty-five WEB and 70 SAC patients were included. Aneurysm width, neck size, and dome-to-neck ratio were comparable between groups. Follow-up duration was significantly longer in the SAC group (median [interquartile range] 545 [202–834] days vs 228 [177–494] days, p < 0.001, Mann-Whitney U-test). Complete (66% of WEB patients vs 69% of SAC patients) and adequate (94% WEB vs 91% SAC) occlusion rates were similar between groups at the last available angiographic follow-up (p = 0.744, chi-square test). Complete occlusion rates were comparable on Cox regression analysis after correction for follow-up duration (hazard ratio 1.5, 95% CI 0.8–3.1). Average time to residual aneurysm or neck formation was not statistically different between treatment groups (613 days for SAC patients vs 347 days for WEB patients, p = 0.225, log-rank test). Periprocedural complications trended higher in the SAC group (0% WEB vs 9% SAC, p = 0.175, Fisher exact test), although this finding was not significant. The equipment costs for a typical SAC case were estimated at $18,950, whereas the costs for a typical WEB device case were estimated at $18,630.

CONCLUSIONS
Midterm complete and adequate occlusion rates were similar between patients treated with WEB and those treated with SAC. Given these comparable outcomes, there may be equipoise in treatment options for WNBAs.
Anatomical predictors of difficult left internal carotid artery navigation in transradial access for neurointervention
Authors: Choi Seon Woong , Kim Sunghan , Kim Hoon , Kim Seong-Rim , Park Ik Seong 
Published: November 2022

OBJECTIVE
Transradial access (TRA) has received considerable attention in the field of neurointervention owing to its advantages over transfemoral access. However, the difficulty of left internal carotid artery (ICA) navigation under certain anatomical conditions of the aortic arch and its branches is a limitation of right TRA. In this study the authors aimed to investigate the anatomical predictors that impede navigation of the left ICA in right TRA.

METHODS
From January to October 2020, 640 patients underwent transradial angiography at a single institute. Among them, 263 consecutive patients who were evaluated by contrast-enhanced MRA before transradial angiography were included in the study and assigned to success or failure groups according to whether left ICA navigation was possible or not. Several anatomical predictors were investigated to evaluate the correlation of the success of left ICA navigation in right TRA.

RESULTS
A higher grade of the aortic arch type (type I vs type III: OR 6.323, p = 0.0171), higher height of the right subclavian artery (OR 1.071, p = 0.0068), narrower turnoff angle of the left common carotid artery (CCA) (OR 0.953, p = 0.0017), wider distance between the innominate artery and the left CCA (OR 1.784, p < 0.0001), steeper angulation of the right subclavian artery (tortuous vs kinking: OR 6.323, p = 0.0066), and steeper angulation of the left CCA (normal vs tortuous: OR 7.453, p = 0.0087; normal vs kinking: OR 51.65, p < 0.0001) were significantly associated with successful navigation of the left ICA. The cutoff value of the height of the right subclavian artery, distance between the innominate artery and the left CCA, turnoff angle of the left CCA, and diameter of the left CCA were 54.83 mm, 4.25 mm, 17°, and 6.05 mm, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
Successful left ICA navigation in right TRA was related to the specific vascular geometry of the aortic arch and its branches. Preprocedural evaluation of the anatomical predictors identified in this study may enhance the success rate of left ICA navigation in right TRA.
The Utility of Jan Smuts’ Theory of Holism for Philosophical Practice
Authors: Du Plessis Guy , Weathers Robert 
Published: November 2022

This article explores the potential utility of the theory of Holism as developed by South African philosopher, British Commonwealth statesman and military leader, Jan Smuts, for philosophical counselling or practice. Central to the philosophical counseling process are philosophical counsellors or practitioners applying the work of philosophers to inspire, educate and guide their counselees in dealing with life problems. For example, Logic-Based Therapy (LBT), a method of philosophical counselling developed by Elliot Cohen, provides a rational framework for confronting problems of living, where the counselor helps the counselee find an uplifting philosophy that promotes a guiding virtue that acts as an antidote to unrealistic and often self-defeating conclusions derived from irrational premises. We present the argument that Holism is one such uplifting philosophy which can be of utility to philosophical counselors or practitioners to help their counselees with confronting problems of living. Furthermore, we argue that Smuts’ articulation of freedom can act as a guiding virtue within this uplifting philosophy of Holism in accordance with the methodology of LBT. Smuts’ contribution to philosophy and psychology is arguably inadequately credited, and for this reason, and to the best of our knowledge, Smuts’ theory of Holism has yet to be discussed in the context of philosophical counseling or practice. Given these omissions, we begin this article with a discussion of his influence on 20th Century Anglo-American psychology. We then provide a brief historical context, and an introduction to the central argument of Smuts’ Holism, as well as a brief overview of the origins of Smut’s Holism and an introduction to his book _Holism and Evolution_. In the remainder of the article, we discuss several foundational concepts that underlie Smuts’ theory of Holism, as articulated and developed in his book _Holism and Evolution_, to substantiate our arguments. We conclude by highlighting the limitations of our article, limitations to Smuts’ model, and the challenges inherent in the use of a now largely antiquated theory, even by Smuts’ own admission nineteen years after its publication, for the purposes of contextualizing and substantiating the arguments and recommendations presented herein.
Arthritis in East Africa: An Observational Study
Authors: Kuo Catherine , Black Louisa , Barber Sukie , Luzigwi Vincent , Wanjiru Rose , Kelly Clive 
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND

The burden of musculoskeletal (MSK) disease in East Africa remains largely unknown. Early evidence from Tanzania suggests that it may have a substantial adverse impact on health care outcomes with both social and economic consequences. There is limited data on prevalence and case mix of MSK disorders in East Africa. Data is urgently required to facilitate the planning, provision, and funding of the services needed to meet population requirements. The need is likely to be greatest among the poorer and most isolated members of the community. In this study, we describe the prevalence of MSK disease found in people with limited or no access to regular clinical care across five rural regions in East Africa.

METHODS

Over a four-week period in 2022, we undertook a series of clinics in five separate locations across impoverished areas of Zambia and Kenya. These ranged from city slums to isolated rural communities. For every consultation, we recorded demographic features (age and gender), diagnosis, and intervention. We then calculated the percentage of people who presented with MSK complaints, analysed their demographics and classified the case mix of MSK disorders along with interventions provided.

RESULTS

We completed a total of 1089 community consultations in Zambia and Kenya. Of these, a total of 271 people (24.9%) reported primary MSK issues. This population was mainly female (66%) and had a median (range) age of 58 (13-90) years. The percentage of patients who consulted with MSK issues were significantly influenced by geographic location, rising from 8% in urban areas to 52% in rural areas. The most common diagnoses were osteoarthritis (49.8%), mechanical low back pain (27.7%), and soft tissue rheumatism (10.0%), with 3.0% having evidence of inflammatory joint disease (IJD). Therapeutic intervention was provided in 62.3% and procedures performed in 11.4%.

CONCLUSIONS

MSK disease is a common reason for seeking medical intervention in East Africa, especially among older females who have accumulated a significant mechanical burden from physical exertion and childbearing. Therapeutic intervention was frequently required, although smaller numbers had evidence of IJD. Increased awareness of the burden of MSK disease on poorer populations is necessary. Training programs in rheumatology with support from local hospitals and medical personnel are urgently required to develop care pathways with adequate funding. Describing the prevalence of MSK disease in rural and underserved regions of East Africa is just the first step in ensuring regular, direct access to healthcare and appropriate intervention.
Efecto del kV en la calidad de imagen y la dosis de radiación en exámenes pediátricos de tomografía computarizada de cráneo simple del Hospital Universitario Clínica San Rafael
Authors: Ramos Victor , Baldissera Salgado María Rosaria , Mora Méndez Javier Mauricio , Pineda Diego , González David 
Published: November 2022

Para reducir la dosis de radiación en la población pediátrica entre 0 y 10 años, a la que se le realizan tomografías de cráneo simple en el Hospital Universitario Clínica San Rafael, se redujo el kV con el que se adquieren las tomografías computarizadas (TC) de cráneo simple de 120 a 80 kV. Retrospectivamente, se compara la calidad de imagen de las TC de 33 pacientes tomados con 120 kV y 33 tomados con 80 kV. Se realiza un análisis cuantitativo con el uso de la relación contraste a ruido entre materia gris y materia blanca, y un índice de artefactos en la fosa posterior. El análisis cualitativo de imágenes anonimizadas lo ejecutan dos neurorradiólogos con una experiencia mayor a cinco años mediante la escala de la guía europea de criterios de calidad de imagen en TC. Se registran los valores del índice volumétrico de dosis en tomografía (CTDIvol) y del producto dosis longitud (DLP) de todos los estudios y se estima la SSDE para cada paciente. Se obtiene un aumento de 26,4 % en la relación contraste a ruido entre materia gris y materia blanca del grupo tomado con 80 kV respecto al de 120 kV; esto es concordante con la mejora en la resolución espacial percibida por los radiólogos. El aumento en el ruido para el grupo de 80 kV no fue significativo respecto al de 120 kV, tanto en el análisis cualitativo como en el cuantitativo. Se obtuvo una disminución de los indicadores de dosis cercana al 10 % en el grupo tomado con 80 kV, respecto al tomado con 120 kV. Con la disminución del kV en el Hospital Universitario Clínica San Rafael se obtuvo una reducción de la dosis de radiación recibida por los pacientes de un 19,3 %, la aceptabilidad diagnóstica, ruido y resolución espacial no presentaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas(p > 0,05) entre las lecturas de los dos radiólogos para 120 kV vs. 80 kV.
A Semiotics Analysis of the Novel Illustration on Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban by J.K. Rowling
Authors: Gistrama Ionove , Prastiwi Yeny 
Published: November 2022

This research aims to study the novel illustration as a sign in Harry Potter and The Prisoner of Azkaban novel by J.K. Rowling (2014). The researcher shows how the illustrations can influence readers by illustrating images, events, colors, and the typography displayed on the novel's cover. This research is qualitative. The data source used is the Harry Potter and The Prisoner of Azkaban novel by J.K. Rowling (2014) UK edition. The data collection technique is from analyzing the novel illustration. The theory used in this study is a semiotic analysis of literature, the course of the sign, meaning, metaphor, and symbolism. The result of this study are as follows: first, the value of novel illustrations. Second, the meaning of color psychology. Third, the reviews about the different edition of Harry Potter and The Prisoner of Azkaban novel.
Cost Effective Reconfigurable Architecture for Stream Processing Applications
Authors: Kirischian Valeri , Geurkov Vadim , Kirischian Lev 
Published: November 2022

<p>This paper presents an approach for development of costeffective custom video / image processing systems. The approach utilizes the concept of temporal partitioning of resources in the partially reconfigurable FPGA devices. Paper proposes architecture of the multi-mode video-stream processor with cyclically reconfigurable structure. The cost-effectiveness of the proposed approach has been analyzed on the basis of experiments conducted on Multi-mode Adaptive Reconfigurable System (MARS) platform that was developed for that purpose. The video-processing cores associated with stereo-vision algorithms have been developed, tested and analyzed. The experiments have shown that the cost-effectiveness of the systems based on proposed approach can be better than the traditional approaches based on large statically configured FPGAs. </p>
Geosocial Media as a Proxy for Security: A Review
Authors: Han Zhigang , Li Songnian , Cui Caihui , Han Daojun , Song Hongquan 
Published: November 2022

<p>Since the rapid growth of urban populations, the study of urban systems has gained considerable attention from researchers, decision makers, governments, and organizations. Urban systems are complex and dynamic such that they produce emergent patterns such as self-organization and nonlinearity. Agent-based modelling presents an approach to simulating and abstracting urban systems to reveal and study emergent patterns from urban-related entities. However, agent-based models are difficult to effectively optimize and validate without high quality real-world data. Geosocial media data provides agent-based models with location-enabled data at high volumes and frequencies. Integrating agent-based models with geosocial media data presents opportunities in advancing and developing studies in urban systems. This paper provides a general overview of concepts, review of recent applications, and discussion of challenges and opportunities in the context of using geosocial media data in agent-based models for urban systems. We argue that ABMs focused on studying urban systems can benefit greatly from geosocial media data, given that research moves towards standard guidelines that enable the comparison and effective use of ABMs, and geosocial media data under appropriate circumstances and applications. </p>
Mapping current research and identifying hotspots of ferroptosis in cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Teng Teng , Kong Chun-Yan , Huang Rong , Ma Zhen-Guo , Hu Can , Zhang Xin , Hu Min , Tang Qi-Zhu 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveFerroptosis is a unique cell death depended on iron metabolism disorder which is different from previous apoptosis-regulated cell death. Early studies have proposed that ferroptosis is closely associated with multiple cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the relationship of ferroptosis and CVDs has not been summarized by using bibliometric analysis. We intended to illustrate the development of ferroptosis in CVDs over the past years and provide relevant valuable information.Materials and methodsThe authoritative database of Web of Science Core Collection was collected for retrieving ferroptosis studies in CVDs. In this work, statistical and visualization analysis were conducted using VOSviewer and Citespace.ResultsA total of 263 studies were included in the final study. From the perspective of the overall literature, the study maintains an increased trend year by year and most manuscripts belonged to original article. China was the most productive country with the utmost scientific research output, as well as the institutions and authors, followed by Germany and the United States of America (USA). Jun Peng from China contributes to the most publications. Collaborative efforts between institutes and authors were limited and there was little widespread cooperation. In addition, burst keywords analysis discovered that ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, heart failure (HF), and atherosclerosis were the top three research directions of ferroptosis in CVDs. The burst investigation and timeline views also indicated that endothelial injury and gut microbiota may also serve as new research topics in the future.ConclusionThis study provided comprehensive and specific information about the most influential articles on ferroptosis in CVDs. The relationship between ferroptosis and CVDs had attracted the scholar’s concerns especially in China. Cooperations and communications between countries and institutions should be emphasized and future directions can be concentrated on endothelial disorder and gut microbiota.