bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical practice guidelines for esophageal ambulatory reflux monitoring in Chinese adults
Authors: Xiao Yinglian , Wu Justin C Y , Lu Ching‐Liang , Tseng Ping‐Huei , Lin Lin , Hou Xiaohua , Li Yanqing , Zou Duowu , Lv Bin , Xiang Xuelian , Dai Ning , Fang Xiucai , Chen Minhu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEsophageal ambulatory reflux monitoring is the current gold standard for the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In order to facilitate standardized procedure and improve diagnostic accuracy, clinical guidelines for ambulatory esophageal reflux monitoring were developed based on thorough literature search and working group conference by experts in gastrointestinal motility. Indications, contraindications, methodology, and reporting of ambulatory esophageal reflux monitoring were discussed in these clinical guidelines.
Effects of isomalto‐oligosaccharides and herbal extracts on growth performance, serum biochemical profiles and intestinal bacterial populations in early‐weaned piglets
Authors: Pi Guolin , Wang Junmin , Song Wenxin , Li Yali , Yang Huansheng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe objective of the current study was to investigate the effects of isomalto‐oligosaccharide (IMO), Chinese herbal medicine extract (CHE) or their combination on the growth performance, diarrhoea incidence, serum biochemical profiles, inflammatory cytokine expression, intestinal morphology and microflora of weaned piglets. Thirty‐two ([Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc) piglets, weaned at 25 days of age, were randomly assigned into four groups. Group I was fed the basal diet. Group II were fed a basal diet supplemented with 2 g/kg IMO for 14 consecutive days and then 4 g/kg IMO for another 14 days. Group III were fed diet with 0.5 g/kg CHE for 14 days and 1 g/kg CHE for another 14 days. Group IV were fed diet with (2 g/kg IMO + 0.5 g/kg CHE) for 14 days and (4 g/kg IMO +1 g/kg CHE) for another 14 days. Results showed that diets supplemented with IMO, CHE or their combination did not influence the diarrhoea rate and intestinal morphology, while co‐administration of IMO with CHE tended to have higher average daily gain. Serum biochemical analysis showed that dietary CHE decreased aspartate aminotransferase levels, while inclusion of IMO led to a decrease in high‐density lipoprotein. Moreover, co‐administration of IMO with CHE significantly upregulated the expression of TGF‐β, a potent anti‐inflammatory cytokine, in jejunal mucosa of piglets. Further, CHE significantly increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium in ileal digesta. Meanwhile, the combination of IMO and CHE significantly increased Bifidobacterium in the caecum of piglets. Additionally, dietary IMO, CHE or their combination significantly reduced the number of potential entero‐pathogen Escherichia coli in ileal contents and Clostridium species in caecal digesta. These results indicated that application of IMO or CHE could favourably modulate the intestinal microbial composition of piglets, while their beneficial impact and molecular mechanism on intestinal health warrants further investigation.
Diagnostic value of reticulocyte indices for the assessment of the iron status of cats with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Betting Adeline , Schweighauser Ariane , Francey Thierry 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundReticulocyte indices have been suggested as alternatives to transferrin saturation (TSAT) for iron status assessment in humans and dogs but they have not been evaluated thoroughly in cats.ObjectivesTo assess the value of the reticulocyte indices for the diagnosis of iron deficiency in cats with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and chronic hematuria associated with subcutaneous ureteral bypasses (SUBs).AnimalsSixty‐four cats: 16 healthy, 14 CKD without SUB, and 34 CKD with SUB.MethodsProspective observational cross‐sectional study of cats presented for routine nephrology visits. Primary outcomes included assessment of the diagnostic values of erythrocyte indices (mean corpuscular volume, hemoglobin, and hemoglobin concentration: MCV, MCH, and MCHC) and reticulocyte indices (mean corpuscular volume, MCVr; corpuscular hemoglobin, CHr), using TSAT as reference.ResultsIron deficiency was diagnosed in 9/64 cats (14%). A receiver‐operating characteristic curve analysis yielded a moderate discriminatory value for CHr in this diagnosis: area under the curve [AUC] = .75 (95% confidence interval, 0.48‐0.89);P = .006; sensitivity 67%, specificity 82% for a cutoff of 15.9 pg. This compared favorably to MCVr (AUC = .63;P = .29), MCV (AUC = .58;P = .45), MCH (AUC = .64;P = .19), and MCHC (AUC = .7;P = .03).Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceCHr added moderate value to the diagnosis of iron deficiency in cats with CKD.
Compensating wage differentials in formal and informal jobs
Authors: Verhaest Dieter , Adriaenssens Stef 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe link the dearth of empirical support for the theory of compensating wage differentials (CWD) to minimum wages and other labour market regulations. As these labour market regulations matter less for informal jobs, we hypothesise that CWD for adverse working conditions are more likely to be observed in these jobs relative to formal jobs. This is tested based on teenage employment data. The results are in line with our hypothesis. While informal jobs pay, on average, lower wages than formal jobs, a substantially higher premium for physically demanding and hazardous working conditions is found in informal jobs. This finding is robust against several sensitivity checks with respect to the identification method and measurement of the independent variables. Our results are also consistent with minimum wages being the key underlying mechanism for this difference in wage setting between formal and informal teenage jobs.
Genome‐wide sequence data show no evidence of hybridization and introgression among pollinator wasps associated with a community of Panamanian strangler figs
Authors: Satler Jordan D. , Herre Edward Allen , Heath Tracy A. , Machado Carlos A. , Zúñiga Adalberto Gómez , Nason John D. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe specificity of pollinator host choice influences opportunities for reproductive isolation in their host plants. Similarly, host plants can influence opportunities for reproductive isolation in their pollinators. For example, in the fig and fig wasp mutualism, offspring of fig pollinator wasps mate inside the inflorescence that the mothers pollinate. Although often host specific, multiple fig pollinator species are sometimes associated with the same fig species, potentially enabling hybridization between wasp species. Here, we study the 19 pollinator species (Pegoscapus spp.) associated with an entire community of 16 Panamanian strangler fig species (Ficus subgenus Urostigma, section Americanae) to determine whether the previously documented history of pollinator host switching and current host sharing predicts genetic admixture among the pollinator species, as has been observed in their host figs. Specifically, we use genome‐wide ultraconserved element (UCE) loci to estimate phylogenetic relationships and test for hybridization and introgression among the pollinator species. In all cases, we recover well‐delimited pollinator species that contain high interspecific divergence. Even among pairs of pollinator species that currently reproduce within syconia of shared host fig species, we found no evidence of hybridization or introgression. This is in contrast to their host figs, where hybridization and introgression have been detected within this community, and more generally, within figs worldwide. Consistent with general patterns recovered among other obligate pollination mutualisms (e.g. yucca moths and yuccas), our results suggest that while hybridization and introgression are processes operating within the host plants, these processes are relatively unimportant within their associated insect pollinators.
Corresponding Changes of Autophagy‐Related Genes and Proteins in Different Stages of Knee Osteoarthritis: An Animal Model Study
Authors: Zhang Shao‐long , Zhang Ke‐shi , Wang Jun‐feng , Wang Yi‐chuan , Zhang Hui , Tang Chong , Pei Zheng , Guan Zhen‐peng 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of autophagy expression levels of different weight‐bearing states and different stages of osteoarthritis in animal models, as well as the corresponding mechanisms.MethodsWe used the male Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats (12‐week‐old, SPF) to establish the OA animal models by modified Hulth method, and grouped animal models according to the length of time after surgery and different weight‐bearing areas. RT‐qPCR was carried out for detection of autophagy‐related genes such as Atg7, Atg12, P62, etc. Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression levels of corresponding autophagy‐related proteins such as LC3B, P62, etc. T test was performed for statistical analysis to compare different groups, while the differences were deemed statistically significant with P < 0.05. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the autophagosome to demonstrate the level of autophagy expression and the status of the chondrocytes.ResultsThe results of the RT‐qPCR testing showed that when the weight‐bearing cartilage of the 4‐week group (relatively mild) was compared with that of the 10‐week group (relatively severe), there were statistically significant differences in all the genes tested, in detail: Atg3 (P < 0.01), Atg7 (P < 0.01), Atg12 (P < 0.01), P62 (P < 0.0001). The expression of autophagy‐related mRNA in the 4‐week group is increased compared with that of the 10‐week group. As for the expression of proteins, Western blotting showed that in the comparison between the 4‐ and the 10‐week groups, statistically significant results include Atg12 (P < 0.01) in the non‐weight‐bearing area, with decreased autophagy in the 10‐week group compared with that of the 4‐week group, while expression of LC3B (P < 0.05) protein was significantly higher in the 4‐week group than in the control in the non‐weight‐bearing area. The expression of LC3B (P < 0.0001) and P62 (P < 0.05) in the 10‐week group were higher than that of the control. Transmission electron microscope showed that autophagy in the weight‐bearing area is stronger than that in the non‐weight‐bearing area, and autophagy in the 4‐week group is stronger than in the 10‐week group for the weight‐bearing area.ConclusionsThe expression of autophagy varies during different stages of osteoarthritis, in which the autophagy is stronger in the early stage of osteoarthritis, and gradually decreases with the progression of the disease. Autophagy in different weight‐bearing areas may also be different.
An overview of coming out research: Introducing a three‐lens typology
Authors: Sandler Elisabeth Theresa 
Published: January 2022

AbstractComing out is a fast‐growing global research area with numerous interdisciplinary publications dedicated to its exploration. To contribute to a more organised and concise way of understanding this rapidly expanding field, I introduce a three‐lens typology. Based on the systematic categorisation of over 700 publications, coming out research can be viewed via the following three lenses: (1) the different social institutions in which individuals come out, (2) to whom individuals come out, and (3) the content of individuals' coming out. The identified lenses focus on ‘coming out in’, ‘coming out to’ and ‘coming out as’, which adds to current conceptual understandings of ‘coming out into’ and ‘coming out of’. Further, lens 3 demonstrates another usage shift of the coming out terminology. The concept of coming out originally was used outside of sexuality contexts and currently is being used more broadly again. However, in contrast to its original meaning, the new areas of application (e.g., fatness, atheism, illness) are still linked to conceptualisations and experiences of non‐normativity. This publication assists students, scholars, and practitioners with navigating the extensive amount of coming out literature. It further illustrates the potential and challenges of coming out research and points towards the future—the if, how and what—of this field.
Toward Swarm Manufacturing: Architecting a Cooperative 3D Printing System
Authors: Poudel Laxmi , Marques Lucas Galvan , Williams Robert Austin , Hyden Zachary , Guerra Pablo , Fowler Oliver Luke , Sha Zhenghui , Zhou Wenchao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSwarm manufacturing is a new paradigm for distributed manufacturing, where each factory uses an army of mobile manufacturing robots working together to manufacture desired products. It focuses on building factories within a local supply chain, where multiple products can be produced to meet changing customer demand from mass manufacturing to on-demand production of customized products. Cooperative 3D printing (C3DP) is a primitive form of swarm manufacturing, where multiple mobile 3D printing robots work together cooperatively to print the desired part, representing a major step toward enabling swarm manufacturing. At the core of C3DP lies the chunk-based printing strategy. This strategy splits the desired part into small chunks. The chunks are then assigned and scheduled to be printed by individual printing robots. In our previous work, we presented various hardware and software components of C3DP, such as mobile 3D printers, chunk-based slicing, scheduling, and simulation. This paper presents a fully integrated and functional C3DP platform with all necessary components and outlines how they work in unison from a system-level perspective. Specifically, the new architecture of hardware and software includes a set of new chunking strategies, a scalable scheduler for multi-robot printing, a SCARA-based printing robot, a mobile platform for robot transportation, a system of modular floor tiles, and a charging station for the mobile platform. Finally, we demonstrate the capability of the system using two case studies with successful large-scale prints.
Load Coefficients and Dimensions of Raschel Knitted Netting Materials in Fish Farms
Authors: Føre Heidi Moe , Endresen Per Christian , Bjelland Hans V. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
New types of fish farms are often larger and structurally more complex than conventional fish farming structures, and associated challenges concerning safety and costs increase correspondingly. Thus, increased precision in structural design is required, with estimation of hydrodynamic loads on nets as an important topic. Today, both load coefficients for nets and measured netting dimensions are given with relatively high uncertainties. New knowledge for netting materials with high solidities as well as scaled netting commonly applied in model tests is included in the presented study. Results from towing tests and the development of a new mathematical expression for local drag coefficients (for netting twines) indicate that drag coefficients are not only dependent on solidity and Reynolds number, but may also be affected by the velocity reduction and the local velocity at the twines.
Acoustic Wave Splitting and Wave Trapping Designs
Authors: Su Yu-Chi , Ko Li-Heng 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Acoustic metasurfaces use the phase gradient of a single layer to reflect/refract waves in any direction. This study shows that other than wave steering, acoustic metasurfaces can exhibit wave splitting or trapping through the geometry design. Previous studies focused on the generalized Snell’s law when developing metasurfaces and attempted to prevent wave leakages. On the contrary, this study exploits the periodicity of metasurfaces to accomplish acoustic wave splitting, which leads to a similar concept to metagrating. For acoustic wave trapping, we show that through proper arrangements, an acoustic wave can be localized in a specific region without using any boundaries based on the generalized Snell’s law. A design formula is provided to trap waves from any incident angle or at any frequency. The analytical and numerical results are in good agreement, verifying the effectiveness of the proposed concept for wave splitting and trapping. This study shows the versatile applications of acoustic metasurfaces and is useful for interferometry and energy harvesting.
Mesothelin-specific CAR-T cell therapy that incorporates an HLA-gated safety mechanism selectively kills tumor cells
Authors: Tokatlian Talar , Asuelime Grace E , Mock Jee-Young , DiAndreth Breanna , Sharma Shruti , Toledo Warshaviak Dora , Daris Mark E , Bolanos Kristian , Luna Breanna L , Naradikian Martin S , Deshmukh Kiran , Hamburger Agnes E , Kamb Alexander 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundMesothelin (MSLN) is a classic tumor-associated antigen that is expressed in lung cancer and many other solid tumors. However, MSLN is also expressed in normal mesothelium which creates a significant risk of serious inflammation for MSLN-directed therapeutics. We have developed a dual-receptor (Tmod™) system that exploits the difference between tumor and normal tissue in a subset of patients with defined heterozygous gene loss (LOH) in their tumors.MethodsT cells engineered with the MSLN CAR Tmod construct described here contain (1) a novel MSLN-activated CAR and (2) an HLA-A*02-gated inhibitory receptor (blocker). A*02 binding is intended to override T-cell cytotoxicity, even in the presence of MSLN. The Tmod system is designed to treat heterozygous HLA class I patients, selected for HLA LOH. When A*02 is absent from tumors selected for LOH, the MSLN Tmod cells are predicted to mediate potent killing of the MSLN(+)A*02(−) malignant cells.ResultsThe sensitivity of the MSLN Tmod cells is comparable with a benchmark MSLN CAR-T that was active but toxic in the clinic. Unlike MSLN CAR-T cells, the Tmod system robustly protects surrogate “normal” cells even in mixed-cell populations in vitro and in a xenograft model. The MSLN CAR can also be paired with other HLA class I blockers, supporting extension of the approach to patients beyond A*02 heterozygotes.ConclusionsThe Tmod mechanism exemplified by the MSLN CAR Tmod construct provides an alternative route to leverage solid-tumor antigens such as MSLN in safer, more effective ways than previously possible.
Articular manifestations in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases treated with anti-TNF
Authors: Cachen Laurie , Nocturne Gaetane , Collins Michael , Meyer Antoine , Gleizes Aude , Hacein-Bey-Abina Salima , Carbonnel Franck , Mariette Xavier , Seror Raphaele 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveTo describe and identify factors associated with articular manifestations occurring in patients treated with anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs).MethodsRetrospective monocentric study, including all patients who received an anti-TNF for an IBD in our hospital. All incident articular manifestations occurring during treatment were analysed. Characteristics of patients with paradoxical articular manifestations were compared with that of patients without inflammatory articular manifestations.ResultsBetween February 2013 and May 2017, we identified 442 patients (36.2±15 years, 50.5% men) who had ever received an anti-TNF for an IBD: Crohn’s disease (n=277), ulcerative colitis (n=154) and undetermined colitis (n=11). 115 (26%) patients developed new articular manifestations after a mean of 20 (±22) months of treatment. Among them, 59 (13.3%) had inflammatory manifestations: paradoxical in 39%, concomitant of an IBD flare in 27%, linked to an immunisation against anti-TNF in 27% and 7% to another diagnosis. Among paradoxical articular manifestations, 19 (83%) were new articular symptoms, including 8 (35%) de novo spondyloarthritis. There were no predictive factors of paradoxical articular manifestation. Paradoxical manifestations spontaneously resolved in 16 (70%) patients despite continuation of anti-TNF.ConclusionInflammatory articular manifestations occurred in about 13% of patients treated with anti-TNF for IBD. More than a quarter were linked to an immunisation against anti-TNF, which has to be searched in this situation. About 40% were paradoxical. In most of cases, they were transitory and did not require anti-TNFs discontinuation.
Risk factors for herpes zoster in Korean patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with JAK inhibitor: a nested case–control study
Authors: Song Yeo-Jin , Cho Soo-Kyung , Kim Hyoungyoung , Kim Hye Won , Nam Eunwoo , Choi Chan-Bum , Kim Tae-Hwan , Jun Jae-Bum , Bae Sang-Cheol , Yoo Dae Hyun , Sung Yoon-Kyoung 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveTo determine the risk of herpes zoster (HZ) in Korean patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) receiving Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKis).MethodsWe performed a nested case–control study with 1:10 matching for sex and age using single-centre prospective cohorts of patients with RA receiving targeted therapy in Korea. Then we performed conditional logistic regression analyses to determine the risk associated with JAKi use compared with biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (bDMARD) use, with adjusting for various factors. We also used logistic regression analysis to identify other risk factors for the development of HZ in JAKi users.ResultsFrom a total of 1147 patients, 61 cases and 610 matched controls were selected. In conditional logistic regression analysis, JAKi use did not increase the risk of HZ development (OR 1.35, 95% CI 0.70 to 2.61) after adjusting for other factors. Rather, duration of RA less than 10 years (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.30 to 0.97) and having had three or more previous targeted therapies (OR 5.29, 95% CI 1.45 to 19.31) were risk factors for HZ. Among JAKi users, higher disease activity score 28-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR) (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.97) was identified as a risk factor in addition to three or more previous targeted therapies (OR 10.12, 95% CI 1.92 to 53.49).ConclusionsThe number of previous targeted therapies, but not JAKi use, was identified as a risk factor for HZ development in Korean patients with RA in a real-world setting. High disease activity was an additional risk factor for JAKi users.
Prevalence and consequences of psoriasis in recent axial spondyloarthritis: an analysis of the DESIR cohort over 6 years
Authors: Lucasson Florian , Richette Pascal , Aouad Krystel , Ryussen-Witrand Adeline , Wendling Daniel , Fautrel Bruno , Gossec Laure 
Published: January 2022

ObjectivesThe consequences of psoriasis associated to axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) are unclear. The objectives were to determine the prevalence and the consequences of psoriasis in recent axSpA over 6 years of follow-up.MethodsThe multicentric prospective cohort DESIR (NCT01648907) of adult patients with recent inflammatory back pain suggestive of axSpA was analysed over 6 years. Psoriasis was recorded at each visit and cumulative prevalence and incidence were calculated. Patients with vs without psoriasis at any time point were compared. Outcomes included disease activity (Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score-C reactive protein (ASDAS-CRP), joint and enthesitis count, CRP), patient-reported outcomes for function (Health Assessment Questionnaire for axSpA, HAQ-AS) and quality of life, and treatment use over 6 years. Outcomes were compared through univariable and multivariable analyses, as well as linear mixed effect models.ResultsIn 589 patients, mean age 40.5±8.7 years, 45.8% men and baseline mean symptom duration 1.5±0.9 years, the cumulative prevalence of psoriasis increased from 16.8% (99/589) at baseline to 26.8% (158/589) at 6 years, leading to an incidence of 2.1/100 patient-years. Over 6 years of follow-up, patients with psoriasis developed more synovitis (p=0.008), and received more methotrexate (cumulative use, 25.5% vs 11.8%, p<0.001) and biological disease-modifying drugs (55.7% vs 38.5%, p<0.001). There were no significant consequences of psoriasis on other outcomes, including disease activity (ASDAS-CRP), functional capacity (HAQ-AS) and quality of life.ConclusionPsoriasis is frequent in early axSpA. AxSpA patients with psoriasis had more swollen joints over time and received more biologics; they did not have worse outcomes related to axSpA in terms of activity and severity.Trial registration numberNCT01648907.