bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
E2F4 transcription factor is a prognostic biomarker related to immune infiltration of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Qi Li , Ren Zihan , Li Wei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTo investigate the relationship between the transcription factor, E2F4, and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and to preliminarily explore the signaling pathways and immunological role of E2F4. The mRNA expression of E2F4 in HNSCC was evaluated by searching Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets. E2F4 protein expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry using the CMU1h-ENT database. The association between E2F4 expression and tumor infiltration of immune cells was analyzed. Intracellular signaling by E2F4 was explored using KEGG and GO analysis. The correlation of E2F4 expression with clinical characteristics and its prognostic role were validated and analyzed in TCGA database. From the analysis of GEO and TCGA data, E2F4 expression was found to be up-regulated in HNSCC tumor tissues, and its level was associated with T, Grade, and M staging. Kaplan–Meier curve and Cox analyses indicated that the high expression of E2F4 was related to a poor prognosis. Thus, E2F4 was considered a potential prognostic factor for HNSCC. Immunohistochemical staining showed that E2F4 was mainly localized in the cell nucleus; it was highly expressed in HNSCC tissues, with a significant difference noted from that in pericancerous mucosa tissues. A correlation was observed between the differential expression of E2F4 and the immune infiltration of HNSCC. As revealed by KEGG and GO analysis, differential enrichment was found in the cell cycle, spliceosome, meiosis, microbial polysaccharide synthesis, and WNT signaling pathway, as well as in cyclic adenosine monophosphate, ERBB2, VEGF, GCNP and MYC pathways. E2F4 plays an important role in tumor progression and may be a critical biological prognostic factor for HNSCC. In addition, it functions in the nucleus as a transcription factor, regulates immune cells, and could be a promising molecular target for the diagnosis and treatment of HNSCC.
Ultra-rapid somatic variant detection via real-time targeted amplicon sequencing
Authors: Wadden Jack , Newell Brandon S. , Bugbee Joshua , John Vishal , Bruzek Amy K. , Dickson Robert P. , Koschmann Carl , Blaauw David , Narayanasamy Satish , Das Reetuparna 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMolecular markers are essential for cancer diagnosis, clinical trial enrollment, and some surgical decision making, motivating ultra-rapid, intraoperative variant detection. Sequencing-based detection is considered the gold standard approach, but typically takes hours to perform due to time-consuming DNA extraction, targeted amplification, and library preparation times. In this work, we present a proof-of-principle approach for sub-1 hour targeted variant detection using real-time DNA sequencers. By modifying existing protocols, optimizing for diagnostic time-to-result, we demonstrate confirmation of a hot-spot mutation from tumor tissue in ~52 minutes. To further reduce time, we explore rapid, targeted Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) and design a bioinformatics tool—LAMPrey—to process sequenced LAMP product. LAMPrey’s concatemer aware alignment algorithm is designed to maximize recovery of diagnostically relevant information leading to a more rapid detection versus standard read alignment approaches. Using LAMPrey, we demonstrate confirmation of a hot-spot mutation (250x support) from tumor tissue in less than 30 minutes.
WNT signaling and cancer stemness
Authors: Katoh Masuko , Katoh Masaru 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Cancer stemness, defined as the self-renewal and tumor-initiation potential of cancer stem cells (CSCs), is a cancer biology property featuring activation of CSC signaling networks. Canonical WNT signaling through Frizzled and LRP5/6 receptors is transmitted to the β-catenin-TCF/LEF-dependent transcription machinery to up-regulate MYC, CCND1, LGR5, SNAI1, IFNG, CCL28, CD274 (PD-L1) and other target genes. Canonical WNT signaling causes expansion of rapidly cycling CSCs and modulates both immune surveillance and immune tolerance. In contrast, noncanonical WNT signaling through Frizzled or the ROR1/2 receptors is transmitted to phospholipase C, Rac1 and RhoA to control transcriptional outputs mediated by NFAT, AP-1 and YAP-TEAD, respectively. Noncanonical WNT signaling supports maintenance of slowly cycling, quiescent or dormant CSCs and promotes epithelial–mesenchymal transition via crosstalk with TGFβ (transforming growth factor-β) signaling cascades, while the TGFβ signaling network induces immune evasion. The WNT signaling network orchestrates the functions of cancer-associated fibroblasts, endothelial cells and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment and fine-tunes stemness in human cancers, such as breast, colorectal, gastric and lung cancers. Here, WNT-related cancer stemness features, including proliferation/dormancy plasticity, epithelial–mesenchymal plasticity and immune-landscape plasticity, will be discussed. Porcupine inhibitors, β-catenin protein–protein interaction inhibitors, β-catenin proteolysis targeting chimeras, ROR1 inhibitors and ROR1-targeted biologics are investigational drugs targeting WNT signaling cascades. Mechanisms of cancer plasticity regulated by the WNT signaling network are promising targets for therapeutic intervention; however, further understanding of context-dependent reprogramming trajectories might be necessary to optimize the clinical benefits of WNT-targeted monotherapy and applied combination therapy for patients with cancer.
Optimising the electroluminescence performance of ZnS: Cu/epoxy composites via exploring the relationship between electroluminescence intensity and filler intrinsic attributes
Authors: Qi Wen , Liu Miao , Chen Siqi , He Kun , Zhao Luxing , Shen Boyang , Bian Xingming 
Published: July 2022

AbstractElectroluminescent composites have considerable potential for applications in photoelectric display, electric field measurement and other fields due to their advantages of simple preparation and uniform luminescence. However, high voltage required by the operation of electroluminescent composites hinders their applications in the electric domain, and research on the relationship between electroluminescence principle of composites and filler intrinsic attributes is insufficient. In this paper, the effects of electric field strength, filler mass fraction and voltage frequency on the electroluminescence intensity of ZnS:Cu/epoxy composites are studied, which are majorly used as the luminescent layer of electroluminescent devices. To enhance the electroluminescence intensity of composites, high‐temperature sintered BaTiO3 and zinc oxide whiskers (ZnOw) particles are introduced in the base matrix. The finite element method is applied to verify that the matrix of high dielectric constant is in favour of improving the electroluminescence intensity of composites. The band structure of the ZnS:Cu particle is calculated based on the density functional theory + U method to analyse the intrinsic relationship between electroluminescence and particle electronic structure. This paper provides a basis for the research of high electroluminescence intensity devices and will be conducive to better understanding on the relationship between electroluminescence principle and filler intrinsic attributes.
Fault‐tolerant modular multilevel converter for a seamless transition between stand‐alone and grid‐connected microgrid
Authors: Mahmoud Alaa A. , Hafez Ahmed A. , Yousef Ali M. , Gaafar Mahmoud A. , Orabi Mohamed , Ali Alaa F.M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRecently, renewable distributed generation (DG) systems have emerged to improve the power system security and reliability while reducing the environmental incompatibility of fossil fuel power plants. DG could operate either as a standalone and/or as a grid‐connected power system. The interfacing circuits of DG and their controls have to comply with utility quality regulations and afford a seamless transition from online to offline and vice versa. This article advises a simple and robust control scheme for a modular multilevel converter (MMC) that interfaces with a photovoltaic (PV) generator. The proposed control method ensures high‐quality output voltage/current waveform in online and/or offline operating modes. Moreover, the proposed control provides a seamless and swift transition from standalone to grid‐connected and vice versa. The exhibited control scheme is simulated with MATLAB/Simulink. Real‐time simulator OPAL‐RT OP4510 is used to verify the displayed simulation results. The simulation results determine the accomplishment of the proposed control technique for a seamless transition from the grid‐connected mode to the standalone mode and vice versa via MMC.
ShapePipe: A new shape measurement pipeline and weak-lensing application to UNIONS/CFIS data
Authors: Guinot Axel , Kilbinger Martin , Farrens Samuel , Peel Austin , Pujol Arnau , Schmitz Morgan , Starck Jean-Luc , Erben Thomas , Gavazzi Raphael , Gwyn Stephen , Hudson Michael J. , Hildebrandt Hendrik , Tobias Liaudat , Miller Lance , Spitzer Isaac , Van Waerbeke Ludovic , Cuillandre Jean-Charles , Fabbro Sébastien , McConnachie Alan , Mellier Yannick 
Published: July 2022

Context.The Ultraviolet Near-Infrared Optical Northern Survey (UNIONS) is an ongoing collaboration that will provide the largest deep photometric survey of the northern sky in four optical bands to date. As part of this collaboration, the Canada-France Imaging Survey (CFIS) is observingr-band data with an average seeing of 0.65 arcsec, which is complete to magnitude 24.5 and thus ideal for weak-lensing studies.Aims.We perform the first weak-lensing analysis of CFISr-band data over an area spanning 1700 deg2of the sky. We create a catalogue with measured shapes for 40 million galaxies, corresponding to an effective density of 6.8 galaxies per square arcminute, and demonstrate a low level of systematic biases. This work serves as the basis for further cosmological studies that will use the full UNIONS survey of 4800 deg2when completed.Methods.Here we present SHAPEPIPE, a newly developed weak-lensing pipeline. This pipeline makes use of state-of-the-art methods such as NGMIXfor accurate galaxy shape measurement. Shear calibration is performed with metacalibration. We carry out extensive validation tests on the point spread function (PSF) and on the galaxy shapes. In addition, we create realistic image simulations to validate the estimated shear.Results.We quantify the PSF model accuracy and show that the level of systematics is low as measured by the PSF residuals. Their effect on the shear two-point correlation function is sub-dominant compared to the cosmological contribution on angular scales < 100′. The additive shear bias is below 5 × 10−4, and the residual multiplicative shear bias is at most 10−3as measured on image simulations. Using complete orthogonal sets ofE-/B-mode integrals (COSEBIs), we show that there are no significantB-modes present in second-order shear statistics. We present convergence maps and see clear correlations of theE-mode with known cluster positions. We measure the stacked tangential shear profile aroundPlanckclusters at a significance higher than 4σ.
A new traction device (S-O clip) facilitating the endoscopic submucosal dissection of tumors in the ileocecal valve region
Authors: Yu Shangrui , Wang Pengfei , Feng Yanhu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a method that can be used for en bloc resection, regardless of the size and form of the lesion. The special location of ileocecal tumors leads to insufficient counter-traction and poor field of vision, making ESD difficult. An S-O clip has been developed to simplify the attachment procedure, eliminating interference with the endoscope and improving accessibility.
Case presentation The patient was a 70-year-old man who presented with abdominal pain and bloating. A colonoscopy revealed a flat-elevated-type lesion on the ileocecal valve, with the oral side of the lesion having progressed to the terminal ileum. The traction direction was adjusted from distal to proximal during the procedure using the S-O clip. Finally, with the help of the S-O clip, the tumor was safely removed and collected.
Conclusion The S-O clip was successful in ESD of a colorectal tumor. By removing and re-anchoring the loaded ring, the S-O clips allowed the adjustment of traction direction from distal to proximal during ESD.
EUS-guided biliary drainage with a novel electrocautery-enhanced lumen apposing metal stent as first approach for distal malignant biliary obstruction: a prospective study
Authors: Mangiavillano Benedetto , Moon Jong Ho , Facciorusso Antonio , Di Matteo Francesco , Paduano Danilo , Bulajic Milutin , Ofosu Andrew , Auriemma Francesco , Lamonaca Laura , Yoo Hae Won , Rea Roberta , Massidda Marco , Repici Alessandro 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) represents the gold standard for jaundice palliation in malignant biliary obstruction (MBO) patients. Biliary drainage using electrocautery lumen apposing metal stent (EC-LAMS) is currently a well-established procedure when ERCP fails. We aimed to assess the technical and clinical success of a new EC-LAMS as the first approach to the palliation of malignant jaundice due to MBO in patients unfit for surgery.
Patients and methods Twenty-five consecutive patients undergoing endoscopic-guided biliary drainage with the new EC-LAMS were prospectively enrolled. Clinical success was defined as bilirubin level decrease > 15 % 24 hours after EC-LAMS placement.
Results Mean age was 76.6 ± 11.56 years, and male patients were 10 (40 %). EC-LAMS placement was technically feasible in 24 patients (96 %) and clinical success rate was 100 %. Only one patient (4 %) experienced a misplacement rescued by an immediate second EC-LAMS placement. The mean duration of hospital stay was 4.66 ± 4.22 days. The median overall survival was 7 months (95 % CI 1–7).
Conclusions In this preliminary study, the new EC-LAMS seems to allow a single-step palliative endoscopic therapy in patients affected by jaundice due to MBO, with high technical and clinical success and low adverse events. Further large prospective studies are warranted to validate these results.
Gesundheitliche Lage in der Ukraine vor Kriegsbeginn und ihre
Relevanz für die Versorgung ukrainischer Geflüchteter in
Deutschland: Literaturdurchsicht, Risikoanalyse und
Prioritätensetzung
Authors: Butenop Joost , Brake Tessa , Mauder Sieglinde , Razum Oliver 
Published: July 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die gesundheitlichen Bedarfe Geflüchteter ergeben sich
nicht nur aus Expositionen während Krieg und Flucht. Auch Determinanten
aus dem Lebenslauf und etabliertes Gesundheitsverhalten spielen eine Rolle. Wir
untersuchten daher die gesundheitliche Lage in der Ukraine vor der russischen
Invasion 2022 und ihre Relevanz für die Versorgung ukrainischer
Geflüchteter in Deutschland aus Sicht des Öffentlichen
Gesundheitsdienstes (ÖGD).
Methode Rapid Review in der Medline-Datenbank sowie Suche in
einschlägigen ukrainischen und internationalen Gesundheitsdatenbanken.
Narrative Synthese der Ergebnisse, gefolgt von einer Priorisierung der
Gesundheitsprobleme und Maßnahmen durch zwei Mediziner mithilfe des
Risikomatrix-Ansatzes.
Ergebnisse Niedrige Impfquoten bestehen bei Covid-19 und führen zu
Ausbrüchen in Unterkünften. Bei Masern und anderen
Grundimmunisierungen bestehen Impflücken überwiegend bei
älteren Kindern; 2–5-Jährige haben die zweite
Masernimpfung noch nicht erhalten. HIV- und Tuberkulose-Therapien können
durch die Flucht unterbrochen sein. Kommen zunehmend ältere
Geflüchtete, so stehen aufgrund der Flucht unzureichend behandelte
Herz-Kreislauferkrankungen und vorbestehende psychische Traumatisierung sowie
ggf. akut therapiebedürftige Krebserkrankungen im Vordergrund. Bei
ukrainischen Geflüchteten kann ein Misstrauen gegenüber mit dem
Staat assoziierten Gesundheitsmaßnahmen bestehen, wie die
Impflücken zeigen.
Schlussfolgerung Der Zugang Geflüchteter zu kurativer und
präventiver Gesundheitsversorgung sollte ohne bürokratische
Hürden und Einschränkungen gewährleistet werden. Durch
die Analyse von Gesundheitsstatistiken der Ukraine sowie wissenschaftlicher
Publikationen können Angebote des ÖGD besser angepasst und ein
Fehleinsatz von Ressourcen vermieden werden.
What Is the Cost of Off-Axis Insertion of Locking Screws? A Biomechanical Comparison of a 3.5 mm Fixed-Angle and 3.5 mm Variable-Angle Stainless Steel Locking Plate Systems
Authors: Kaczmarek Jakub , Bartkowiak Tomasz , Paczos Piotr , Zawadzki Paweł , Łączna Daria , Gapiński Bartosz 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of screw insertion angle and insertion torque on the mechanical properties of a 3.5 fixed-angle locking plate locking compression plate (LCP) and 3.5 variable-angle locking plate polyaxial locking system (PLS).
Methods In the LCP group, screws were placed abaxially at 0, 5 and 10 degrees. In the PLS group, screws were placed at 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 degrees abaxially. The insertion torque was set to 1.5 and 2.5 Nm in the LCP and PLS groups respectively. A load was applied parallel to the screw axis, and the screw push-out force was measured until the locking mechanism was loosened.
Results The 3.5 LCP showed higher push-out strength than the 3.5 PLS when the screws were placed at 0 degree regardless of the insertion torque. The off-axis insertion of 3.5 LCP locking screws resulted in a significant decrease in push-out strength (p < 0.05). A higher insertion torque value significantly increased the screw holding strength for the 3.5 LCP (p < 0.05). The 3.5 PLS system had a significantly higher push-out force when the screws are at 0 degree than at 5, 10 and 15 degrees, and 20 degrees (p < 0.05) at any given insertion torque. An increase in the insertion torque did not have a significant effect on the push-out strength of the 3.5 PLS locking system.
Conclusion The 3.5 PLS is more sensitive to the screw insertion angle than to the insertion torque, whereas the 3.5 LCP is affected by both factors. Placing 3.5 LCP locking screws off-axis significantly reduces the screw holding strength; therefore, this approach has to be avoided. The findings of our research indicate that a 1.5 Nm torque can be used for a 3.5 PLS.
Analysis of working characteristics of giant magnetostrictive actuator for direct-drive fuel injector
Authors: Zhou Zhaoqi , He Zhongbo , Xue Guangming , Zhou Jingtao , Rong Ce , Liu Guoping 
Published: July 2022

Based on the structure of direct-drive injectors, the giant magnetostrictive actuator (GMA) for direct-drive injectors designed with giant magnetostrictive materials (GMMs) shows great application prospects in the field of fuel injection. This paper establishes the mathematical model of GMA for direct-drive fuel injector. The numerical model of the GMA is built by means of the Advanced Modeling Environment for performing Simulation of engineering systems (AMEsim) simulation platform combined with the working process of the actuator. A prototype was fabricated, and the correctness of the numerical model was verified by experiments. Through AMEsim, the magnetic potential distribution law, unit step response, and frequency characteristics were analyzed, it is found that the relationship between the magnetic potential and the current on the GMM is approximately linear, and the ratio of the magnetic potential to the total magnetic potential of the magnetic circuit is about 0.9; the unit step response shows that the actuator has a fast response speed, the rise time is about 240 µs, and when the output displacement enters the 5% and 2% error bands, the adjustment time is 540 and 810 µs, respectively; by inputting the sweep signal, it is obtained that the natural frequency of the actuator is about 700 Hz, and the output amplitude is relatively “smooth” with a bandwidth of 0–250 Hz. This research enriches the research methods of GMAs and provides a novel idea for the development of high-performance fuel injectors.
Feeding extruded linseed or soybean and hay free-choice to Rubia Gallega young heifers does not substantially alter health-enhancing fatty acids in meat
Authors: González Laura , Moreno Teresa , Bispo Esperanza , Dugan Michael E. R. 
Published: July 2022

Context A common strategy to try and improve the fatty acid (FA) composition of meat and fat from cattle has been to feed protected oil or oilseeds. Aims Concentrate containing 4.5% fat from vegetable oil, extruded linseed or extruded soybean were fed free-choice with hay to Rubia Gallega heifers to examine the effects on meat (Longissimus thoracis (LT)) and subcutaneous fat (SCF) FAcompositions, and effects on meat and carcass quality. A secondary aim was to assess treatment effects on levels of specific desirable FAs in meat and fat. Methods Twenty-four 7-month-old Rubia Gallega heifers were assigned to three experimental diets: control concentrate (with palm oil) or concentrates containing either extruded linseed (LS) or extruded soybeans. Concentrates and hay were fed for 90 days before slaughter at an average age and weight of 300 days and 350 kg, respectively. Key results Minor treatment effects on animal performance, carcass traits and meat quality were noted. Relative to the control concentrate diet, feeding the linseed diet led to a slight increase in α-linolenic acid (18:3n-3) in SCF (P < 0.001), no change in 18:3n-3 in LT, reduced n-6/n-3 ratios in both LT and SCF (LT, P < 0.01; SCF, P < 0.001), and avoided ∑(t6- to t10-)18:1 accumulation in either tissue (LT, P = 0.017; SCF, P < 0.05). Conclusions Although FA improvements when feeding linseed could be viewed as positive for human health, quantitatively, feeding extruded oilseeds and hay free-choice were ineffective at creating rumen conditions needed to substantially enrich n-3 polyunsaturated FAs (PUFA) or desirable biohydrogenation intermediates in LT. Implications To produce high-quality Rubia Gallega meat with meaningful and consistent enrichments of polyunsaturated FAs and beneficial biohydrogenation products will require more efficient methods for ruminal protection of PUFA, and further investigations into the timing and amounts of PUFA-enriched concentrate feeding.