bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost-effectiveness analysis of deep brain stimulation versus treatment as usual for treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder
Authors: Najera Ricardo A. , Kabotyanski Katherine E. , McLaughlin Nicole C. , Gregory Sean T. , Anand Adrish , Shofty Ben , Provenza Nicole R. , Storch Eric A. , Goodman Wayne K. , Sheth Sameer A. 
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVE
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective neurosurgical option for patients with treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Despite being more costly than neuroablative procedures of comparable efficacy, DBS has gained popularity over the years for its reversibility and adjustability. Although the cost-effectiveness of DBS has been investigated extensively in movement disorders, few economic analyses of DBS for psychiatric disorders exist. In this study, the authors present the first cost-effectiveness analysis of DBS for treatment-resistant OCD in the United States.

METHODS
The authors developed four decision analytical models to compare the cost-effectiveness of DBS with treatment as usual (TAU) for OCD, varying either the device type (i.e., nonrechargeable or rechargeable) or the time horizon (i.e., 3 or 5 years) in each model. Treatment response and complication rates were based on a literature review. Published algorithms were used to convert Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale scores into utility scores reflecting improvements in quality of life. Costs were approached from the healthcare sector perspective and were drawn primarily from Medicare facility and physician reimbursement rates. For each model, a Monte Carlo simulation (n = 100,000) and probabilistic sensitivity analysis were performed to estimate the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) in US dollars per quality-adjusted life year (QALY).

RESULTS
Data from 249 and 265 treatment-resistant OCD patients from the published literature who received DBS and had sufficient follow-up in 3- and 5-year models, respectively, were included. When conventional US willingness-to-pay (WTP) thresholds were used, nonrechargeable DBS models were less cost-effective (3-year ICER: $108,431/QALY; 5-year ICER: $203,202/QALY) and rechargeable DBS models were more cost-effective (3-year ICER: $49,363/QALY; 5-year ICER: $41,495/QALY) than TAU. At a WTP threshold of $100,000/QALY, rechargeable DBS devices were moderately more cost-effective than TAU at 3 and 5 years in 100% of iterations. At a WTP threshold of $50,000/QALY, rechargeable DBS devices were definitively more cost-effective than TAU at 3 and 5 years in 54% and 89% of iterations, respectively. When using WHO WTP conventions, 3- and 5-year nonrechargeable models were cost-effective in 100% and 84% of iterations, and 3- and 5-year rechargeable models were highly cost-effective in 99% and 100% of iterations, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
Rechargeable DBS models were cost-effective for treatment-resistant OCD compared with TAU. Nonrechargeable DBS models may be cost-effective, especially with improvement in battery longevity and changes in accepted WTP thresholds.
Predictive factors for traumatic cerebral contusion volume, expansion, and outcomes
Authors: Smith Parker D. , Shukla Ishav , Azam Faraaz , Trautmann Daniel , Gee Evan , Korb Madison , Pitonak Michael , Srinivasan Srivats , Caruso James P. , Caldwell Christie , Hall Kristen , Tamimi Mazin Al , Reisch Joan , Bedros Nicole M. , Aoun Salah G. 
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVE
Traumatic hemorrhagic cerebral contusions are a well-established cause of morbidity and mortality in neurosurgery. This study aimed to determine prognostic factors for long-term functional outcomes and longitudinal contusion volume changes in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients.

METHODS
Data from 285 patients with traumatic cerebral contusions were retrospectively reviewed to identify variables predictive of initial contusion volume, contusion expansion on short-term follow-up imaging, and functional outcomes according to the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Predictors of these variables were identified using a stepwise logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS
Older age, larger initial contusion volumes, and lower presenting Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores were associated with worse functional outcomes (mRS score ≥ 3). Patients with contusion volumes ≥ 15 ml at presentation had lower GCS scores and longer ICU stays (in days). Older age (OR 1.043, CI 1.024–1.063), need for a craniotomy or craniectomy (OR 2.562, CI 1.010–6.502), longer ICU stay (OR 1.092, CI 1.034–1.154), and lower total GCS score (OR 0.781, CI 0.729–0.836) were associated with worse functional outcomes. Additionally, lower admission GCS verbal score was a significant predictor of larger initial contusion volume (OR 0.779, 95% CI 0.667–0.911) and contusion expansion during hospitalization (OR 0.649, 95% CI 0.497–0.847).

CONCLUSIONS
Functional outcomes in traumatic cerebral contusion patients may be associated with age and admission GCS score, and verbal GCS score may predict initial contusion volume and contusion expansion. These findings supplement an evolving understanding of factors that influence outcomes in patients with cerebral contusions, and further study into the utility of GCS to guide these decisions could help to guide the clinical management of these highly complex patients.
Advances in neurosurgical education: literature review of mixed-reality simulation models and novel mixed-reality spine prototype
Authors: Giraldo Juan P. , Cho Steve S. , Eghrari Nafis B. , Dholaria Nikhil , Farber S. Harrison , Ehredt Ryan B. , Michaels Chinami , Fotias Demos J. , Godzik Jakub , Sonntag Volker K. H. , Uribe Juan S. 
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVE
Mixed-reality (MR) applications provide opportunities for technical rehearsal, education, and estimation of surgical performance without the risk of patient harm. In this study, the authors provide a structured literature review on the current state of MR applications and their effects on neurosurgery training. They also introduce an MR prototype for neurosurgical spine training.

METHODS
An extensive review of the literature based on MR, education, and neurosurgery was performed using the MEDLINE, Cochrane, Scopus, and Embase databases from January 1, 2013, to October 5, 2023. The terms used for the search included "augmented reality," "mixed reality," "education," "neurosurgery," and "neurosurgical procedures." After evaluating the results in the literature, the authors designed an MR prototype to investigate the use of 3D models, haptic feedback, and virtual reality (VR) in an educational module for freehand pedicle screw placement training.

RESULTS
Of the 1089 articles found in the databases, 111 duplicate articles were removed, and 978 articles were screened for MR and neurosurgery. Forty articles were selected to explore the relationship between MR environments and neurosurgery. Of these, 25 described cranial MR use, 13 described spine MR use, and 2 described cranial and spine MR training and education modules. The structured review exposed the relationships between MR environments in neurosurgical education, procedures, functional outcomes, novel technologies, and medical training limitations. These studies revealed favorable feedback for MR modules in neurosurgical education, training, and surgical operative outcomes, warranting further investigation to compare MR-based complementary curriculums, standard training methods, and the underlying advantages and disadvantages of MR modules for neurosurgical pedagogy. Based on this literature review, the authors developed an early MR prototype using a 3D model of scoliosis, a surgical tool tracking system, and conductive material for freehand pedicle screw placement.

CONCLUSIONS
The technological features, cost-effectiveness, and limitations of MR are currently being adapted to complement education, surgical optimization, and forecasting applications in neurosurgery. An MR surgical spine prototype was developed as a complementary educational tool.
Thalamic stereo-electroencephalography exploration in pediatric drug-resistant epilepsy: implantation technique and complications
Authors: Price Angela V. , Sirsi Deepa , Joshi Charuta 
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVE
Patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) are often referred for phase II evaluation with stereo-electroencephalography (SEEG) to identify a seizure onset zone for guiding definitive treatment. For patients without a focal seizure onset zone, neuromodulation targeting the thalamic nuclei—specifically the centromedian nucleus, anterior nucleus of the thalamus, and pulvinar nucleus—may be considered. Currently, thalamic nuclei selection is based mainly on the location of seizure onset, without a detailed evaluation of their network involvement. This study aimed to prospectively assess the involvement of thalamic nuclei in seizure propagation during the SEEG evaluation in pediatric patients with DRE.

METHODS
This prospective study investigated the placement of thalamic electrodes during the SEEG phase II evaluation in pediatric patients. Following a phase I presurgical evaluation, patients were presented at a comprehensive epilepsy conference, where recommendations for SEEG evaluation were made. In cases in which neuromodulation was a potential outcome, thalamic nuclei were prospectively selected in 10 patients based on a preimplantation hypothesis. During the SEEG evaluation, electrical activity recorded from the thalamic electrodes was analyzed. If the patient went on to undergo neuromodulation, the recorded data guided the thalamic target selection.

RESULTS
Ten patients underwent implantation of 14 thalamic electrodes during SEEG implantation. No surgical complications were associated with either the placement or removal of these electrodes. Video-EEG analysis performed during the interictal period was unremarkable in 4 patients and revealed network spikes in 6 patients. These networks describe brain regions that may be connected structurally and functionally. Electrographic seizure onsets in thalamic contacts were simultaneous with cortical onset in 3 patients, early in 5, late in 1, and not involved in 1 patient. Seventy-two of the 109 seizures (66%) captured during SEEG involved thalamic contacts. Seven patients underwent neuromodulation after SEEG revealed an extensive network, rather than a focal onset, which precluded focal surgical resection. In all 7 of these patients, thalamic SEEG results were instrumental in guiding final neuromodulation targets chosen for implantation.

CONCLUSIONS
In pediatric patients without a single resectable focus as a cause of their DRE, thalamic implantation during phase II SEEG evaluation is both safe and effective for assessing thalamic nuclear network involvement. This information could be instrumental in selecting thalamic nuclei for neuromodulation, allowing for a more individualized approach to treatment.
E-Commerce Transformation in Indonesia: Intellectual Property Rights Protection in the Local Digital Market
Authors: Ary Widiani Ni Luh Gede Nita , Laksmi Dewi Cokorde Istri Dian , Laksmi Dewi Cokorde Istri Dian , Laksmi Dewi Cokorde Istri Dian 
Published: January 2025

The transformation of e-commerce in Indonesia has become a significant phenomenon in today's digital era. This article explores the impact of the transformation on the protection of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) in the local digital market. Through an analysis of IPR-related policies and practices, this article attempts to understand how these efforts affect copyright, trademark, and patent protection amid the rapid development of e-commerce. In addition, this article also highlights the challenges and opportunities faced in harmonizing IPR principles with the dynamics of Indonesia's ever-evolving digital market. This article aims to provide a better understanding of how changes in the digital business environment are affecting protection efforts against copyrights, trademarks, and patents. The results of this article reveal shifting business patterns and new challenges in the protection of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) in Indonesia's digital market, while also highlighting the importance of developing inclusive and balanced regulations to optimize IPR protection and support inclusive economic growth and promote social justice
The Role of the Indonesian Government in the Legal Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers
Authors: Rohani Aceng Asnawi , Gunawati Anne , Agus Dede , Romdanah Siti , Suhadi Aris , Suryanti Lili , Fasyehhudin Mohammad , Candra Jaya Beni Prawira 
Published: January 2025

Legal protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers continues to be pursued, especially because of the many rights violations and inhumane treatment experienced by some Indonesian Migrant Workers. So that this phenomenon requires serious attention, both at the national and international levels. The purpose of this study is to examine and find out how the legal protection of the rights of Indonesian workers in national and international law and whether the role of the Indonesian government has been implemented in protecting the rights of Indonesian workers abroad. The research method used is normative juridical, with an approach that focuses on law as a system of norms. This system of norms includes the principles, rules, and guidelines of the applicable law, including agreements and theories put forward by experts. This research highlights the government's efforts to build and implement a legal framework to support the rights of Indonesian Migrant Workers. However, there are still challenges that need to be addressed, such as improved monitoring and enforcement to ensure the policy is implemented effectively. This research provides greater insight into the dynamics of the Indonesian government's role in protecting workers' rights, with the aim of making this protection more effective and comprehensive.
Communication Relations Of The Secretariat Of The Regional House Of Representatives Of North Sumatra Province In Improving Legislative And Executive Harmonization (Perspective Of Islamic Communication)
Authors: Luthfi Solihin  , Syukur Kholil  , Elfi Yanti Ritonga  
Published: January 2025

This research looks at the communication relations of the Secretariat of the Regional People’s Representative Council of North Sumatra Province in improving legislative and executive harmony (Islamic communication perspective). The research results show that the communication relationship between the Secretariat of the Regional People’s Representative Council (DPRD) of North Sumatra Province in improving legislative and executive harmonization can be concluded as follows: First, the communication relationship between the Secretariat (DPRD) of North Sumatra Province in increasing legislative and executive harmonization, namely: Secretariat ( DPRD ) North Sumatra Province has prepared agendas, logistics and meeting schedules between legislative and executive members, controlled information and documentation, has prepared meeting minutes and reports, has organized joint activities between the legislative and executive and has made public information. Second, the strategy used for North Sumatra Province Secretariat (DPRD) Communication Relations in Improving Legislative and Executive Harmonization, namely: The North Sumatra Province Secretariat (DPRD) has implemented a strategy to increase routine coordination and collaboration, implemented a strategy to strengthen internal communication, built a strategy of trust and relationships personal, implementing alignment of goals and shared vision to be able to work together better. Third, factors that influence obstacles to North Sumatra Province Secretariat (DPRD) Communication Relations in Improving Legislative and Executive Harmonization, namely differences in goals and interests, lack of transparency in communication, limited human resources (HR), unclear duties and responsibilities, political and social instability and differences in understanding of policy and the legislative process.
Pengaruh slow deep breathing dan analgesik terhadap penurunan nyeri kronis pada pasien kanker payudara: A randomized controlled trial (RCT)
Authors: Anggraini Wulan , Kurniasih Dennti , Chrisanto Eka Yudha 
Published: January 2025

Background: Breast cancer patients often faced chronic pain. Slow deep breathing and analgesics are believed can reduce pain but the combination of the two in breast cancer in not yet known.
Purpose: To determine the effect of slow deep breathing and analgesics in reducing chronic pain in breast cancer patients.
Method: A randomized controlled trial with two groups. Patients randomized to receive slow deep breathing and analgesic (intervention group) or analgesic (control group). Patients were followed up for 3 days. Pain scale was measured pre and post treatment.
Results: A total of 30 participants were enrolled and randomized. Mean values of pain scale post treatment in the intervention group (mean: 2.69 SD 1.124) were lower than in control group (mean: 4.67 SD 1.017) with p value = 0.000.
Conclusion: Slow deep relaxation and analgesics effectively reduced chronic pain in breast cancer.
Suggestion: Further research should add other variables related to pain reduction, such as other innovative relaxation therapies.

Keywords: Analgesic; Breast Cancer; Slow Deep Breathing.

Pendahuluan: Pasien kanker payudara sering menghadapi nyeri kronis. Relaksasi slow deep breathing dan analgesik diyakini dapat mengurangi rasa sakit, tetapi kombinasi keduanya pada kanker payudara belum diketahui.
Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh slow deep breathing dan analgesik terhadap penurunan nyeri kronis pada pasien kanker payudara.
Metode: Uji coba terkontrol secara acak dengan dua kelompok. Pasien diacak untuk menerima relaksasi slow deep breathing dan analgesik (kelompok intervensi), analgesik (kelompok kontrol). Pasien ditindaklanjuti selama 3 hari dengan skala nyeri diukur sebelum dan sesudah intervensi.
Hasil: Nilai rata-rata skala nyeri pasca pengobatan pada kelompok intervensi (rata-rata: 2.69 SD 1.124), lebih rendah daripada kelompok kontrol (rata-rata: 4.67 SD 1.017) dengan nilai p 0.000.
Simpulan: Relaksasi slow deep breathing dan analgesik dapat mengurangi nyeri kronis secara efektif pada kanker payudara.
Saran: Penelitian selanjutnya agar menambah variabel lain yang berhubungan dengan penurunan nyeri, seperti terapi relaksasi inovatif lainnya.

Kata Kunci: Analgesik; Kanker Payudara; Slow Deep Breathing.
Peran dukungan sosial terhadap perilaku self-injury pada remaja
Authors: Sundawati Indah , Oktaviana Wita 
Published: January 2025

Background: Self injury or self-harm can be defined as the act of hurting oneself without or with a specific purpose. It is commonly practiced by adolescents due to the lack of social support in adolescence which is the main influence. Social support is care in the form of support or motivation received by a person from other individuals or groups.
Purpose: To determine the relationship between the role of social support and Self-injury behavior in adolescents.
Method: Correlational quantitative descriptive research by distributing questionnaires regarding two variables, namely social support and self-harm behavior to 101 students of Muhammadiyah Kartasura Surakarta Vocational School in February-May 2024. The data analysis used was the univariate and bivariate Spearman test.
Result: A total of 91 respondents (90.1%) were in the moderate social support category and most respondents did not have self-injury behavior as many as 80 (79.2%). Spearman's rho statistical test results obtained a p value of 0.028 (<0.05).
Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the role of social support and self-injury behavior in adolescents.
Suggestion: Future studies can conduct research by adding other factors that can affect emotional health problems in adolescents.

Keyword: Adolescents; Self-Injury; Social Support.

Pendahuluan: Self injury atau biasa disebut dengan self-harm, dapat diartikan sebagai tindakan melukai diri sendiri tanpa atau adanya tujuan khusus. Biasa dilakukan oleh kalangan remaja karena kurangnya dukungan sosial pada usia remaja yang menjadi pengaruh utama. Dukungan sosial sendiri adalah perhatian berupa bentuk dukungan atau motivasi yang diterima oleh seseorang dari individu atau kelompok lain.
Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara peran dukungan sosial dengan perilaku Self-injury pada remaja
Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif korelasi dengan membagikan kuesioner tentang dua variabel yaitu dukungan sosial dan perilaku self injury kepada 101 siswa SMK Muhammadiyah Kartasura Surakarta pada Februari-Mei 2024. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah univariat dan bivariat uji Spearman.
Hasil: Sebanyak 91 responden (90.1%) dalam kategori dukungan sosial sedang dan sebagian besar responden tidak memiliki perilaku self-injury sebanyak 80 (79.2%). Hasil uji statistik Spearman’s rho diperoleh nilai p 0.028 (<0.05).
Simpulan: Adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara peran dukungan sosial terhadap perilaku self-injury pada remaja.
Saran: Studi selanjutnya dapat melakukan penelitian dengan menambahkan faktor-faktor lain yang dapat memengaruhi masalah kesehatan emosional pada remaja.
Kata Kunci: Dukungan Sosial; Remaja; Self-Injury.
قراءة في أدلة النسب في ضوء مباحث التعبد والتعليل دراسة تأصيلية تحليلية
Authors: Sulaiman Salhab Belal Barakat , Muhsin Sayyed Mohamed 
Published: January 2025

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تسليط الضوء على مسألة قديمة جديدة كانت محل اختلاف أقوال العلماء قديمًا، ولا يزال الخلاف يتجدد فيها كلما تجدد وتطور العلم بالإنسان ومكنوناته خاصة فيما يتعلق بالجانب الوراثي منه، فإثبات النسب وإظهاره ونفيه بالنصوص الشرعية، أو بالتجارب المخبرية محل اهتمام الفقهاء والعلماء؛ إذ به يثبت أو ينتفي مقصد أساس من مقاصد الشريعة الإسلامية. ولعل من أهم الزوايا التي يتم النظر إلى هذا الموضوع من خلالها؛ النظر في نصوص الشارع المتعلقة في إثبات النسب وإظهاره ونفيه وإدراك مدى تعبديتها من تعليلها، وبالتالي إمكان القياس عليها من عدمه، وهنا تكمن أهمية هذا البحث ومشكلته، إذ إنّه لا تتوفر -بحسب اطلاع الباحثَين- دراسة مستقلة تتناول الموضوع من هذه الزاوية وتحيط به وتزيل الغبار عنه، وعليه فإنهما سيعملان على جمع شتات الموضوع وأقوال العلماء فيه من خلال منهج استقرائي ما استطاعا إلى ذلك سبيلًا، ثم يعمدا إلى ما جمعاه من أقوال ودلائل فيحللاها ويسبرا أغوارها ويؤصلا لها ويعيدا تركيبها في مشهد متناسق متكامل. وقد توصل البحث إلى أن للنسب دليل واحد يثبت به وهو دليل الفراش -على اختلاف بين العلماء في معناه، حيث بين بعضهم أنه مجرد العقد بين الرجل المرأة، بينما ذهب فريق ثان إلى أنه إمكان الدخول، أو تحققه فعلًا على رأي فريق ثالث- وما عداه من أدلة فإنما هي لإظهار النسب. أن دليل نفي النسب واحد كذلك وهو دليل اللعان. وقد ذهب الحنفية إلى تعبدية دليل إثبات النسب، بينما ذهب جمهور العلماء إلى تعليله، ثم اختلف الجمهور في هذه العلة فجعلها أكثرهم مقتصرة على الفراش الشرعي -الزواج أو التسري ويلحق بهما شبههما- بينما ذهب البعض إلى تعديتها إلى كل حالة توفرت فيها العلة ما لم يعارضها فراش شرعي ثابت. وبنفس الطريقة اختلفت آراء العلماء في أدلة إظهار النسب. وأخيرًا فقد تبين للباحثَين أن دليل نفي النسب -اللعان- تعبدي على رأي بعض العلماء، بينما هو معلل بعلة قاصرة على رأي فريق آخر، وهو في كلا الحالتين لا يمكن تعديته ولا القياس عليه.
الكلمات المفتاحية: التعبد، التعليل، إثبات، نفي، النسب.