bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Graphene‐Supported Copper Complex as Site‐Isolated Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction
Authors: Zhao Yue , Wang Shan , Zhu Lin‐Jun , Sun Meng‐Jiao , Zhang Teng , Cao Rong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe electrochemical reduction of CO2 has been recognized as one of the best strategies to reduce atmospheric CO2 levels and achieve a carbon‐neutral economy. We report here a copper complex, Cu(salan)2, as an efficient CO2 reduction catalyst in basic aqueous media. Cu(salan)2 exhibited different catalytic behaviors in nanocrystalline and graphene‐supported forms. As nanocrystals, the complex did not show high catalytic activity and gradually decomposed into Cu2O upon electrolysis. However, when dispersed on a graphene matrix, Cu(salan)2 exhibited a moderate‐to‐high CO selectivity and remained stable in long‐term electrolysis. This work shows that site‐isolation by dispersion of a molecular catalyst is an effective way to increase the catalyst stability and tune the product selectivity for CO2RR electrocatalysis.
Plasma and CSF NfL are differentially associated with biomarker evidence of neurodegeneration in a community‐based sample of 70‐year‐olds
Authors: Dittrich Anna , Ashton Nicholas J. , Zetterberg Henrik , Blennow Kaj , Simrén Joel , Geiger Fiona , Zettergren Anna , Shams Sara , Machado Alejandra , Westman Eric , Schöll Michael , Skoog Ingmar , Kern Silke 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNeurofilament light protein (NfL) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma (P) are suggested to be interchangeable markers of neurodegeneration. However, evidence is scarce from community‐based samples. NfL was examined in a small‐scale sample of 287 individuals from the Gothenburg H70 Birth cohort 1944 study, using linear models in relation to CSF and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarker evidence of neurodegeneration. CSF‐NfL and P‐NfL present distinct associations with biomarker evidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology and neurodegeneration. P‐NfL was associated with several markers that are characteristic of AD, including smaller hippocampal volumes, amyloid beta (Aβ)42, Aβ42/40, and Aβ42/t‐tau (total tau). CSF‐NfL demonstrated associations with measures of synaptic and neurodegeneration, including t‐tau, phosphorylated tau (p‐tau), and neurogranin. Our findings suggest that P‐NfL and CSF‐NfL may exert different effects on markers of neurodegeneration in a small‐scale community‐based sample of 70‐year‐olds.
Traditional uses, pharmacological activities, and phytochemical constituents of the genus Syzygium: A review
Authors: Uddin A. B. M. Neshar , Hossain Farhad , Reza A. S. M. Ali , Nasrin Mst. Samima , Alam A. H. M. Khurshid 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe genus Syzygium comprises 1200–1800 species that belong to the family of Myrtaceae. Moreover, plants that are belonged to this genus are being used in the traditional system of medicine in Asian countries, especially in China, India, and Bangladesh. The aim of this review is to describe the scientific works and to provide organized information on the available traditional uses, phytochemical constituents, and pharmacological activities of mostly available species of the genus Syzygium in Bangladesh. The information related to genus Syzygium was analytically composed from the scientific databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library, Springer, Research Gate link, published books, and conference proceedings. Bioactive compounds such as flavanone derivatives, ellagic acid derivatives and other polyphenolics, and terpenoids are reported from several species of the genus Syzygium. However, many members of the species of the genus Syzygium need further comprehensive studies regarding phytochemical constituents and mechanism‐based pharmacological activities.
Transmembrane protein 119 is neither a specific nor a reliable marker for microglia
Authors: Vankriekelsvenne Elise , Chrzanowski Uta , Manzhula Katerina , Greiner Theresa , Wree Andreas , Hawlitschka Alexander , Llovera Gemma , Zhan Jiangshan , Joost Sarah , Schmitz Christoph , Ponsaerts Peter , Amor Sandra , Nutma Erik , Kipp Markus , Kaddatz Hannes 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMicroglia are the resident innate immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS) parenchyma. To determine the impact of microglia on disease development and progression in neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory diseases, it is essential to distinguish microglia from peripheral macrophages/monocytes, which are eventually equally recruited. It has been suggested that transmembrane protein 119 (TMEM119) serves as a reliable microglia marker that discriminates resident microglia from blood‐derived macrophages in the human and murine brain. Here, we investigated the validity of TMEM119 as a microglia marker in four in vivo models (cuprizone intoxication, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), permanent filament middle cerebral artery occlusion (fMCAo), and intracerebral 6‐hydroxydopamine (6‐OHDA) injections) as well as post mortem multiple sclerosis (MS) brain tissues. In all applied animal models and post mortem MS tissues, we found increased densities of ionized calcium‐binding adapter molecule 1+ (IBA1+) cells, paralleled by a significant decrease in TMEM119 expression. In addition, other cell types in peripheral tissues (i.e., follicular dendritic cells and brown adipose tissue) were also found to express TMEM119. In summary, this study demonstrates that TMEM119 is not exclusively expressed by microglia nor does it label all microglia, especially under cellular stress conditions. Since novel transgenic lines have been developed to label microglia using the TMEM119 promotor, downregulation of TMEM119 expression might interfere with the results and should, thus, be considered when working with these transgenic mouse models.
Activated and nonactivated MSCs increase survival in humanized mice after acute liver injury through alcohol binging
Authors: Hernandez Juan Carlos , Yeh Da‐Wei , Marh Joel , Choi Hye Yeon , Kim Julia , Chopra Shefali , Ding Li , Thornton Matthew , Grubbs Brendan , Makowka Leonard , Sher Linda , Machida Keigo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The ability of the liver to regenerate after injury makes it an ideal organ to study for potential therapeutic interventions. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess self‐renewal and differentiation properties, as well as anti‐inflammatory properties that make them an ideal candidate for therapy of acute liver injury. The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the potential for reversal of hepatic injury using human umbilical cord–derived MSCs. Secondary aims include comparison of various methods of administration as well as comparison of activated versus nonactivated human umbilical cord stem cells. To induce liver injury, humanized mice were fed high‐cholesterol high‐fat liquid diet with alcohol binge drinking. Mice were then treated with either umbilical cord MSCs, activated umbilical cord MSCs, or a placebo and followed for survival. Blood samples were obtained at the end of the binge drinking and at the time of death to measure alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels. Histology of all mouse livers was reported at time of death. Activated MSCs that were injected intravenously, intraperitoneally, or both routes had superior survival compared with nonactivated MSCs and with placebo‐treated mice. AST and ALT levels were elevated in all mice before treatment and improved in the mice treated with stem cells. Conclusion: Activated stem cells resulted in marked improvement in survival and in recovery of hepatic chemistries. Activated umbilical cord MSCs should be considered an important area of investigation in acute liver injury.
Research advances in the clinical application of esketamine
Authors: Zhang Xiao‐Xi , Zhang Nai‐Xin , Liu De‐Xing , Ding Jun , Zhang Yi‐Nan , Zhu Zhao‐Qiong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEsketamine is dextrorotatory ketamine, which is an enantiomer of ketamine. Compared with ketamine, it has the advantages of a fast metabolism, fewer side effects, and strong pharmacological effects, so it is more suitable for clinical use. Esketamine has a powerful analgesic effect and has little effect on breathing. It has a wide range of applications in the fields of pediatric anesthesia, conscious sedation anesthesia, and emergency analgesia. In addition, it is also used for pain that is difficult to relieve with conventional drugs and to prevent postoperative pain. Various routes of administration are also suitable for patients who need short‐term analgesia and sedation. As a drug, esketamine inevitably brings some side effects when it is used clinically. In this article, by introducing the mechanism of action and pharmacological characteristics of esketamine, its clinical application is reviewed, and it provides a reference for the more reasonable and safe clinical application of esketamine.
Abdominal wall endometriosis: Report of 83 cases
Authors: Benedetto Chiara , Cacozza Daniel , de Sousa Costa Daniela , Coloma Cruz Arantxa , Tessmann Zomer Monica , Cosma Stefano , Trippia Carlos Henrique , Santos Cavalcanti Teresa Cristina , Alves Castro Gustavo Rodrigues , Kondo William 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the clinical course and management of abdominal wall endometriosis (AWE).MethodsA retrospective study was carried out from January 2010 to December 2020, at Vita‐Nações Hospitals, Curitiba, Brazil, in order to evaluate data of patients undergoing surgery for the excision of AWE.Results83 women with AWE were included in the study. Umbilical scar endometriosis was found in 26 patients (31.3%), being primary in 20 cases (76.9%) and secondary to a laparoscopic procedure in 6 cases (23.1%). 2 patients had secondary implants outside the umbilicus after laparoscopic surgery. Secondary implant after cesarian section in 55 patients (66.3%). Diagnosis was made by ultrasound in 65 patients (78.3%) and by MRI in the remaining 18 (21.7%). Complete excision of the nodule was carried out and no case of recurrence was registered up to now.ConclusionsPainful abdominal mass presenting in women, especially with a previous history of abdominal and pelvic surgery, should be suspected of AWE. It occurs most often secondary to obstetric or gynecological surgeries and seems to be related to iatrogenic transfer of the endometrial tissue at the level of the surgical scar.Cesarean scar endometriosis is the most common presentation. Surgical excision including the surrounding fibrotic tissue should be performed.
Prediction of successful labor induction with very unfavorable cervix: A comparison of six scores
Authors: Tollon Pauline , Blanc‐Petitjean Pauline , Drumez Elodie , Ghesquière Louise , Le Ray Camille , Garabedian Charles 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the ability of six scoring systems to predict successful labor induction with cervical ripening among women with a Bishop score <3.MethodsSecondary analysis of data from a prospective, multicenter observational Methods of Induction of Labor and Perinatal Outcomes (MEDIP) cohort study in 94 obstetrical French units. We included women with a Bishop score <3 before cervical ripening. We compared six scores: Bishop, simplified Bishop, modified Bishop, simplified Bishop including parity, Hughey, and Levine scores. Vaginal delivery defined successful labor induction. The ability of each score to predict successful labor induction was evaluated by comparing their area under the curve (AUC).ResultsAmong the 600 eligible women in this study, 408 (68%) delivered vaginally. Body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters; mean ± standard deviation [SD]: 24.7 ± 5.5 vs 26.0 ± 5.7; P = 0.01) and nulliparity (48.8% vs 85.4%; P < 0.001) were lower in the successful induction group, whereas height was higher (mean ± SD: 165.3 ± 6.0 cm vs 163.7 ± 6.0 cm; P = 0.002). The simplified Bishop including parity, Hughey, and Levine scores had the highest AUC (0.70, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.65–0.73; 0.68, 95% CI 0.64–0.74; and 0.69, 95% CI 0.65–0.74, respectively).ConclusionIn women with a very unfavorable cervix, scores that include parity predict successful labor induction more accurately, such as simplified Bishop including parity, Hughey, or Levine scores.
Vitamin D Supplementation for 12 Months in Older Adults Alters Regulators of Bone Metabolism but Does Not Change Wnt Signaling Pathway Markers
Authors: Christodoulou Marilena , Aspray Terence J , Piec Isabelle , Washbourne Christopher , Tang Jonathan CY , Fraser William D , Schoenmakers Inez ,   the VDOP Trial Group
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTVitamin D status and supplementation regulates bone metabolism and may modulate Wnt signaling. We studied the response of hormonal regulators of bone metabolism, markers of Wnt signaling and bone turnover and bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) in a randomized vitamin D intervention trial (12,000 IU, 24,000 IU, 48,000 IU/mo for 1 year; men and women aged >70 years; n = 379; ISRCTN35648481). Associations with total and free 25(OH)D concentrations were analyzed by linear regression. Baseline vitamin D status was (mean ± SD) 25(OH)D: 40.0 ± 20.1 nmol/L. Supplementation dose‐dependently increased total and free 25(OH)D concentrations and decreased plasma phosphate and parathyroid hormone (PTH) (all p < 0.05). The procollagen 1 intact N‐terminal (PINP)/C‐terminal telopeptide (CTX) ratio, C‐terminal fibroblast growth factor‐23 (cFGF23), and intact FGF23 (iFGF23) significantly increased with no between‐group differences, whereas Klotho was unchanged. 1,25(OH)2D and PINP significantly increased in the 24 IU and 48,000 IU groups. Sclerostin (SOST), osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of NF‐κB ligand (RANKL), BMD, BMC, and CTX remained unchanged. Subgroup analyses with baseline 25(OH)D <25 nmol/L (n = 94) provided similar results. Baseline total and free 25(OH)D concentrations were positively associated with 1,25(OH)2D, 24,25(OH)2D (p < 0.001), vitamin D binding protein (DBP) (p < 0.05), BMD, and BMC (p < 0.05). Associations with PTH (p <0.001), cFGF23 (p < 0.01), and BAP (p < 0.05) were negative. After supplementation, total and free 25(OH)D concentrations remained positively associated only with 24,25(OH)2D (p < 0.001) and DBP (p < 0.001) and negatively with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (p < 0.01). PTH and SOST were significantly associated only with free 25(OH)D. There were no significant relationships with BMD and BMC after supplementation. The decrease in PTH and increase in PINP/CTX ratio suggest a protective effect of supplementation on bone metabolism, although no significant effect on BMD or pronounced changes in regulators of Wnt signaling were found. The increase in FGF23 warrants caution because of its negative association with skeletal and cardiovascular health. Associations of total and free 25(OH)D with biomarkers were similar and known positive associations between vitamin D status and BMD were confirmed. The change in associations after supplementation might suggest a threshold effect. © 2022 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Interpersonal problems and cooperative behavior in patients suffering from prolonged grief disorder as compared to bereaved healthy controls
Authors: Harrison Octavia , Windmann Sabine , Rosner Rita , Steil Regina 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivesInterpersonal factors, such as impairments in social interaction or lack of social support, have an important share when it comes to the development, maintenance, and progression of various mental disorders.MethodsIndividuals suffering from prolonged grief disorder (PGD) and matched bereaved healthy controls (n = 54) underwent a thorough diagnostic procedure, further completed the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP‐D‐32), and participated in a finitely iterated prisoner's dilemma (FIPD).ResultsIndividuals suffering from PGD reported significantly more interpersonal problems. Both groups behaved differently in the FIPD with healthy controls being more carefully, adapting their behavior more flexible, whereas PGD patients displayed a lower responsiveness, which may indicate an inability to adapt to changes in relationships.ConclusionWe conclude that interpersonal problems appear to be a relevant feature of PGD. Future studies need to clarify the causal relation behind this link, and should also include measures of attachment, social support, and disconnectedness.
Use of Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling to Evaluate the Impact of Chronic Kidney Disease on CYP3A4‐Mediated Metabolism of Saxagliptin
Authors: Butrovich Morgan A. , Tang Weifeng , Boulton David W. , Nolin Thomas D. , Sharma Pradeep 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe characterized the impact of chronic kidney disease (CKD) on the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4–mediated metabolism of saxagliptin to its metabolite, 5‐hydroxysaxagliptin, using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model. A PBPK model of saxagliptin and its CYP3A4 metabolite, 5‐hydroxysaxagliptin, was constructed and validated for oral doses ranging from 5 to 100 mg. The observed ratios of area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) and maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) between healthy subjects and subjects with CKD were compared with those predicted using PBPK model simulations. Simulations were performed with virtual CKD populations having decreased CYP3A4 activity (ie, 64%‐75% of the healthy subjects’ CYP3A4 abundance) and preserved CYP3A4 activity (ie, 100% of the healthy subjects’ CYP3A4 abundance). We found that simulations using decreased CYP3A4 activity generally overpredicted the ratios of saxagliptin AUC and Cmax in CKD compared with those using preserved CYP3A4 activity. Similarly, simulations using decreased CYP3A4 activity underpredicted the ratio of 5‐hydroxysaxagliptin AUC in moderate and severe CKD compared with simulations using preserved CYP3A4 activity. These findings suggest that decreased CYP3A4 activity in CKD underpredicts saxagliptin clearance compared with that observed clinically. Preserving CYP3A4 activity in CKD more closely estimates saxagliptin clearance and 5‐hydroxysaxagliptin exposure changes observed in vivo. Our findings suggest that there is no clinically meaningful impact of CKD on the metabolism of saxagliptin by CYP3A4. Since saxagliptin is not a highly sensitive substrate and validated probe for CYP3A4, this work represents a case study of a CYP3A4 substrate‐metabolite pair and is not a generalization for all CYP3A4 substrates.
Kinetics study of CWPO of phenol wastewater over Cu‐ZSM‐5/PSSF catalysts prepared by ion‐exchanged method
Authors: Wu Yanjie , Zhang Huiping , Yan Ying 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDCu‐ZSM‐5 was prepared on paper‐like sintered stainless steel fibers (PSSF) by ion‐exchange method for the catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO) of phenol in a fixed bed reactor. The prepared Cu‐ZSM‐5/PSSF catalyst was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Brunner−Emmet−Teller (BET), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform InfraRed (FT‐IR), Ultraviolet–visiblespectroscopy (UV–vis) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).RESULTSThe XRD results showed that the ZSM‐5 membrane was loaded well over PSSF with good crystallinity, even after the process of ion‐exchange. The UV–vis inferred that isolated copper was the predominant species over ZSM‐5 pores of the catalyst. Then, the effects of different catalyst bed heights, reaction temperatures, and feed flow rates on catalytic performance were investigated to obtain optimum reaction conditions.CONCLUSIONSFinally, the catalytic reaction kinetics analysis over Cu‐ZSM‐5/PSSF catalyst were carried out with the Power‐rate Law Kinetic model. The experimental results showed that the reaction order was the first‐order reaction, and the activation energy of the oxidation reaction was Ea = 72.9 kJ/mol. The initial oxidation rate equation (−rA0 = 5.36 × 108 e−72 994/RT CA) was obtained for phenol degradation using Cu‐ZSM‐5/PSSF catalyst. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Current evidence on efficacy of COVID‐19 booster dose vaccination against the Omicron variant: A systematic review
Authors: Chenchula Santenna , Karunakaran Padmavathi , Sharma Sushil , Chavan Madhavrao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is an ongoing pandemic, which affected around 45 million confirmed cases of COVID‐19, including more than 6 million deaths. However, on November 24, 2021, the World Health Organization announced a new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 variant designated as the B.1.1.529, a variant of concern (VOC), and the variant has been named as “Omicron.” Available preliminary evidence suggests that, as compared with previous VOCs, it has an increased risk of infectivity. Studies have shown that protection from various vaccines effectiveness against hospitalization and death from severe COVID‐19 disease is decreasing slowly after a two‐dose schedule of COVID‐19 vaccines. In response to experiencing a new COVID‐19 variant and ongoing resurgence of cases, the importance of COVID‐19 vaccine booster dose and durability of the effect of the third dose of vaccine against COVID‐19 Omicron variant is controversial yet. To address this, we conducted a systematic literature survey on effectiveness of the third or booster dose of COVID‐19 vaccine against the Omicron variant. We have performed a systematic search in PubMed (Medline), Google Scholar, and MedRXiv database, from inception to January 2022 using the MeSH terms and keywords “Corona Virus Disease‐2019 OR COVID‐19 AND Omicron AND COVID‐19 Booster Vaccine.” We have identified a total of 27 published studies. We have reviewed all the eligible available studies on the effectiveness of the COVID‐19 vaccine booster shots against the Omicron variant. This review may be helpful in accelerating the COVID‐19 booster dose vaccination.
Early and late new‐onset of atrial fibrillation in acute coronary syndromes: Their differences in mortality and cardiac event
Authors: Santos Helder , Santos Mariana , Almeida Inês , Paula Sofia B. , Almeida Samuel , Chin Joana , Almeida Lurdes ,   Portuguese Registry of Acute Coronary Syndromes
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn a stressful situation like acute coronary syndrome (ACS), the occurrence of the first episode of atrial fibrillation is more frequent. The impact of the timing occurrence of AF new‐onset (nAF) in the setting of ACS is still debatable.MethodsMulticenter retrospective study based on the Acute Coronary Syndrome Portuguese National Registry, including 29 851 patients admitted for ACS between 1/10/2010 and 4/09/2019. The group with early nAF ‐ nAF in the first 48 h of hospitalization; and late nAF ‐ patients with nAF after the first 48 h of in‐hospital admission.ResultsNew‐onset AF was identified in 1067 patients, nonetheless, just 38.1% had late nAF. The group with late nAF presented more cardiovascular comorbidities and worse left ventricular ejection fraction. Late nAF patients received more anti‐arrhythmic therapy, and early nAF had a higher beta‐block prescription. Early nAF had higher rates of in‐hospital complications, on the other hand, late nAF group exhibited more mortality and readmission at one year follow‐up. Multiple logistic regression revealed that symptoms onset to the first medical contact time, admission hemoglobin <12 g/dl, right bundle branch block at admission, and diuretic therapy during the hospitalization for ACS were predictors of late nAF in ACS.ConclusionsThe ACS population could be divided by the timing of nAF occurrence into the two groups with different characteristics, therapeutic approaches, and outcomes. Late nAF patients had a worse prognosis at 1 year follow‐up, however, the early nAF group had more major adverse cardiac events during the hospitalization for ACS.