bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and Performance Test of Autonomous Precision Spraying Robot for Cabbage Cultivation
Authors: Mustafid M A , Subrata I D M , Pramuhadi G , Harahap I S 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Pest control in cabbage cultivation generally using pesticides by spraying all areas of cabbage plantation by using a backpack sprayer (knapsack sprayer, semi-automatic sprayer, or electric sprayer). This type of sprayer has difficult to set a consistent spraying duration on each cabbage which affects the accuracy of its application dosage, inconsistence spray pressure affects the droplets produced, and also backpack sprayers can cause injury and harm the health of farmers. This research was conducted to design and analyze an autonomous robot that can precisely spray pesticide on cabbage with appropriate spraying position, droplets diameter, and application dosage. The robot can run straight along the cabbage beds using a wall-follower method and successfully detect and spray pesticide solution on each cabbage by using machine vision with an accuracy of 88% and 80% accuracy of spraying position. The application dosage (L/ha) produced by the robot can approach the reference value compared with the farmer.
Mapping of Soil EC in Relation with Selected Chemical Properties of Soil
Authors: Danindra D , Setiawan RPA , Desrial  , Solahudin M , Astika IW , Widodo S 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Agriculture 4.0 demands the development of technology and science to continue to develop in the world of agriculture. Agriculture 4.0 applies the use of the latest technology to increase efficiency in agriculture both in terms of on-farm to off-farm. Provision of fertilizers and plant nutrients is an important factor in plant growth, but the fertilizer and nutrient needs of each plant have different amounts depending on the condition of the soil media. Nowadays physical and chemical measurements of soil require laboratory analysis to determine soil conditions in the field, this method requires time-consuming analysis and cannot represent the physical and chemical properties of the soil in a timely manner. One form of soil properties is the electrical conductivity of the soil (EC) where this EC value can represent the physical and chemical properties of the soil. Veris 3100 is one instrument that can measure EC in real-time. This EC value can also determine land fertility as a soil analysis before land preparation. This research was conducted with a land area of 40x60m, while the veris 3100 takes EC data once every 1 second so that the speed of the tractor has a considerable influence on the amount of data taken by the Veris 3100. The speed of the tractor in this study uses a gear composition of Low -2 (L2).. By the time the data was taken, the 3100 version recorded more than 3000 data. Of course, this data needs to be searched and needs to be averaged by 10x10m so that it can be compared with the soil component data. The Relation between soil EC and some soil properties has a not very good Relation with the largest R square value found in the Relation between soil EC and cation exchange capacity with a value of 0.1471.
Optimization of performance of a sweet sorghum peg-tooth type threshing cylinder
Authors: Caoili R M , Suministrado D C , Amongo R M C , Resurreccion A N , Peralta E K 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Box and Behnken Design employed response surface methodology to characterize the performance of the peg-tooth type threshing cylinder. Independent variables include the number of peg-tooth, threshing cylinder speed, and concave clearance. Response variables were threshing recovery, threshing cylinder efficiency, and the amount of mechanically damaged grain. The statistical software Design Expert ® developed mathematical models that had a good fit of actual and predicted responses. Numerical optimization revealed that the best operating conditions were 36 peg-teeth, 830 to 840 rpm threshing cylinder speed settings, and 15 mm concave clearance. Models were validated and found 99.66%, 99.59%, and 93.81% accurate for predicting threshing recovery, threshing cylinder efficiency, and amount of mechanically damaged grain, respectively.
Development of the turn algorithm of an autonomous combine harvester at the corner of paddy fields
Authors: Sutisna S P , Subrata I D M , Setiawan R P A , Mandang T 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
One of the problems that occur in harvesting rice using a combine harvester is when at the corner of the paddy field, especially in harvesting the outermost path. The outer harvesting path is very close to the edge of the paddy field, so that the free space for its maneuverer is very limited. This study aims to develop an algorithm to overcome difficulties when the combine harvester turns at the corner of the paddy field. The turning algorithm was designed using two methods: turning 90° without backward movement and turning 90° with backward movement. The first method is applied to several paths closest to the paddy field bunds, while the second method is applied to the remaining paths close to the midpoint of the paddy fields. The reason for applying the second method in the middle of the paddy field is that there is sufficient free space for backward movement. The combination of the two methods was tested on a simulated paddy field area of 225 m2. The test results of the combination of the two turning methods showed that the total area of the plant that was not cut was 3.25 m2, with an average turning time of 12.4 seconds.
Analysis of Soil Puddling Method and the Effect to Soil Physical Properties and Rice Plant Growth
Authors: Dewanti A N , Mandang T 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Soil puddling is soil tilling activities by mixing soil and water to produce mud. There are two puddling methods commonly used by farmers, namely one-stage puddling method and two-stage puddling method. The objective of this research is to analyze the physical properties of the soil resulting from the two commonly used puddling methods and to analyze the effect of the puddling method on the growth of rice plants. The research was carried out in experimental rice fields, University Farm, IPB University. The results showed that after puddling with one-stage or two-stage method, there was a decrease in dry bulk density, increased in porosity, and increased in water content. In the plot of one-stage puddling method with IP value of 70.07%, the growth of rice plants after 60 DAP was indicated by dry biomass weight, plant height, and root length each of 109.84 g/clump, 119.76 cm, and 28.40 cm respectively, while in the plot of two-stage puddling method with an IP of 60.06%, each was 104.20 g/clump, 113.78 cm, and 26.36 cm respectively.
Study of the use of Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) herbal as complementary treatment wounds in the Tenger Tribe
Authors: Azizah LN , Mashuri  , Abidin Z 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The event of injury in indonesia is an increasing where this is dominated by blucits/brumes. One of their wound healing can be done with complementary therapy. Complementary therapy currently used by the tenger tribe in the treatment of daily wounds. This is because medicine plants are very easy to get in the tenger area.. The purpose of this study was to analyze the implementation of wound treatment carried out by the Tengger Tribe. The design used is a qualitative research with in-depth data collection described in the form of a narrative. The population is the Ngadisari village community by meeting the inclusion criteria. The results showed that most of the respondents were 40-49 years old, more than indicated by the female gender, more of them had a junior high school education background, most of the locations of injuries to the hands, almost all causes of injuries. caused by sharp objects, more than looking at the area and depth of 0.5 - 2 cm, more than dealing with injuries that occurred 1-2 years ago, most of them used complementary therapies at the time of the injury., and mostly use potions and boiled water from Binahong. It can be said that of all respondents who did complementary therapy, most of them did complementary therapy for wound healing with binahong leaf ingredients. From these results, further research is needed to examine the content and benefits of binahong leaves, especially for wound healing.
Numerical methods and its application in freezing process
Authors: Rindang A , Sutrisno  , Darmawati E , Hartulistiyoso E 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Numerical method is an efficient tool for simulating freezing process. Three types of numerical methods namely finite difference, finite element and finite volume analysis can be used for simulating freezing process in many fruit and vegetable products. To achieve a high quality of product, there are critical parameters that have corresponding effects to microstructure need to be consider in numerical modelling. However, the accuracy of the models can be improved by including several important parameters such as transport phenomena, ice formation and growth, mass and heat transfer coefficients, also properties of products, so that the assumptions used in developing the model can be justified. For further research, it is hoped that this review paper can provide new insights, so that a numerical model could describe not only heat and mass transfer phenomena but also the whole conditions in freezing process and all the critical parameters can be optimized.
Monopolar, bipolar, tripolar, and tetrapolar configurations in robot assisted electrical impedance sensing
Authors: Cheng Zhuoqi , Savarimuthu Thiusius Rajeeth 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Objective. Tissue recognition is a critical process during a Robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery (RMIS) and it relies on the involvement of advanced sensing technology. Approach. In this paper, the concept of Robot Assisted Electrical Impedance Sensing (RAEIS) is utilized and further developed aiming to sense the electrical bioimpedance of target tissue directly based on the existing robotic instruments and control strategy. Specifically, we present a new sensing configuration called pseudo-tetrapolar method. With the help of robotic control, we can achieve a similar configuration as traditional tetrapolar, and with better accuracy. Main results. Five configurations including monopolar, bipolar, tripolar, tetrapolar and pseudo-tetrapolar are analyzed and compared through simulation experiments. Advantages and disadvantages of each configuration are thus discussed. Significance. This study investigates the measurement of tissue electrical property directly based on the existing robotic surgical instruments. Specifically, different sensing configurations can be realized through different connection and control strategies, making them suitable for different application scenarios.
Insights into post-growth doping and proposals for CdTe:In photovoltaic devices
Authors: Thomas Luke , Hobson Theo D C , Phillips Laurie J , Cheetham Kieran J , Tarbuck Neil , Jones Leanne A H , Smiles Matt J , Don Chris H , Thakur Pardeep K , Isaacs Mark , Shiel Huw , Campbell Stephen , Barrioz Vincent , Dhanak Vin , Veal Tim , Major Jonathan D , Durose Ken 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This paper is motivated by the potential advantages of higher doping and lower contact barriers in CdTe photovoltaic devices that may be realized by using n-type rather than the conventional p-type solar absorber layers. We present post-growth doping trials for indium in thin polycrystalline CdTe films using the diffusion of indium metal with indium chloride. Chemical concentrations of indium up to 1019 cm−3 were achieved and the films were verified as n-type by hard x-ray photoemission. Post-growth chlorine treatment (or InCl3) was found to compensate the n-doping. Trial structures comprising CdS/CdTe:In verified that the doped absorber structures performed as expected both before and after chloride treatment, but it is recognized that this is not an optimum combination. Hence, in order to identify how the advantages of n-type absorbers might be fully realized in future work, we also report simulations of a range of p–n junction combinations with n-CdTe, a number of which have the potential for high V
oc.
The role of local narratives in emerging climate governance
Authors: Donald Rosalind , Young Camila , Mach Katharine J 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Local climate narratives are influential, shaping climate responses at all scales. They can be unpredictable, however, reflecting local histories, power dynamics, needs, and priorities as much as expert knowledge of climate disruption and possible responses. As new modes of climate governance emerge in response to increasing climate impacts and risks, local climate narratives influence understandings of climate change and what should be done about it, as well as the prospects for implementing fair, effective climate responses. In this study, we examine the case of Miami-Dade County, Florida, USA, an early adopter of climate policies that faces deep inequity and worsening climate impacts. Using historical research, interviews, and policy document analysis, we (a) identify two long-term historic environmental narratives—one dominant narrative focused on economic growth and the other on environmental justice—that shape the local climate debate; (b) create a typology of contemporary climate narratives about emissions, sea level rise, climate gentrification, and resilience; and (c) analyze historic and contemporary narratives’ prevalence in emergent local climate policies. While most people in Miami agree that climate change is an immediate problem, various groups talk about and experience climate change very differently. These climate narratives are divided along the geographical and social lines of segregation, leading to conflicting understandings of climate risk and action stemming from socioeconomic and environmental inequities. Histories of growth and the environmental injustices that accompany it have strongly shaped contemporary climate narratives, at times contradicting scientific understandings of climate change and, until recently, leading to climate policies that prioritize economic growth. Community organizations have drawn on histories of environmental injustice to demand greater attention to equity in narratives informing climate discussions, such as debates about climate gentrification, but we find that policy documents still cite equity-related topics and narratives much less frequently. Paying attention to these histories offers an important and often neglected basis for understanding local climate debates, the potential for climate governance to either compound or alleviate existing inequities, and new directions for more equitable climate communication and policy.
Effect and response traits in severe environments in the context of positive plant–plant interactions. A commentary on: ‘Interspecific interactions alter plant functional strategies in a revegetated shrub-dominated community in the Mu Us Desert’
Authors: Delerue Florian , Michalet Richard 
Published: June 2022

This article comments on:
Chun Miao, Yuxuan Bai, Yuqing Zhang, Weiwei She, Liang Liu, Yangui Qiao and Shugao Qin, Interspecific interactions alter plant functional strategies in a revegetated shrub-dominated community in the Mu Us Desert, China, Annals of Botany, Volume 130, Issue 2, 1 August 2022, Pages 149–159 https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcac039
Contrasting patterns of genetic diversity and lack of population structure in the lesser spotted eagleClanga pomarina(Aves: Accipitriformes) across its breeding range
Authors: Väli Ülo , Treinys Rimgaudas , Bergmanis Ugis , Daroczi Szilard , Demerdzhiev Dimitar , Dombrovski Valery , Dravecký Miroslav , Ivanovski Vladimir , Kicko Ján , Langgemach Torsten , Lontkowski Jan , Maciorowski Grzegorz , Poirazidis Kostas , Rodziewicz Maciej , Meyburg Bernd-Ulrich 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCharacterizing the genetic diversity and structure of populations is essential for understanding their evolutionary history and planning species conservation. The lesser spotted eagle (Clanga pomarina) is a large migratory raptor with a relatively small breeding range concentrated in Eastern Europe. We evaluated the level of genetic diversity and population structuring by estimating the length diversity of 23 microsatellite markers in 306 individuals and sequencing 473 nucleotides from the mitochondrial pseudo-control region in 265 individuals across the distribution range. The microsatellite data suggested shallow differentiation between geographical regions and moderate genetic diversity across the range; no recent population bottlenecks were detected. Mitochondrial diversity was relatively low; however, high values were recorded at the southern edge of the distribution range. This, in combination with the star-like distribution of mitochondrial haplotypes, suggests the expansion of the European population from a single (Balkan) refugium during the late Pleistocene or early Holocene after the glacial population bottleneck. However, the Caucasian population may have survived in a separate refugium. We conclude that the lack of clear population structuring and ongoing gene flow across Europe support the treatment of the geographically restricted global population of the lesser spotted eagle as a single evolutionary and conservation unit.
How Does Race Work in Social Work Education? Everyday Racial Logics, Distinctions and Practices on Social Work Qualifying Programmes in England
Authors: Morton Julie , Jeyasingham Dharman , Vindegg Jorunn , Fjeldheim Siri 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This article presents findings from a study which explored the everyday ways race works on social work programmes in England. The study focused on how race was spoken about and conceptualised, how people were categorised and ordered according to race and the social interactions where race was understood by participants to be significant. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight social work lecturers and nineteen black social work students at two universities in England, to explore the following topics: classroom-based and practice learning, assessment and feedback, interactions between students and between students and educators, and university and practice agency cultures. Data were analysed using thematic analysis and the following themes identified: the routine interpellation of black students and communities in terms of absolute cultural differences, black students’ everyday experiences of marginalisation, hostility and othering, and the racialisation of black students in judgements made about their academic and practice performance. The article concludes that social work education must engage more deeply with contemporary theorisations of race and culture, and that social work educators need a reflexive understanding of how notions such as diversity, equality and universal academic standards are put into practice in ways that marginalise and devalue black students.
The Wernicke conundrum revisited: evidence from connectome-based lesion-symptom mapping
Authors: Matchin William , den Ouden Dirk-Bart , Hickok Gregory , Hillis Argye E , Bonilha Leonardo , Fridriksson Julius 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Wernicke’s area has been assumed since the 1800s to be the primary region supporting word and sentence comprehension. However, in 2015 and 2019, Mesulam and colleagues raised what they termed the ‘Wernicke conundrum’, noting widespread variability in the anatomical definition of this area and presenting data from primary progressive aphasia that challenged this classical assumption. To resolve the conundrum, they posited a ‘double disconnection’ hypothesis: that word and sentence comprehension deficits in stroke-based aphasia result from disconnection of anterior temporal and inferior frontal regions from other parts of the brain due to white matter damage, rather than dysfunction of Wernicke’s area itself.
To test this hypothesis, we performed lesion-deficit correlations, including connectome-based lesion-symptom mapping, in four large, partially overlapping groups of English-speaking chronic left hemisphere stroke survivors.
After removing variance due to object recognition and associative semantic processing, the same middle and posterior temporal lobe regions were implicated in both word comprehension deficits and complex non-canonical sentence comprehension deficits. Connectome lesion-symptom mapping revealed similar temporal-occipital white matter disconnections for impaired word and non-canonical sentence comprehension, including the temporal pole. We found an additional significant temporal-parietal disconnection for non-canonical sentence comprehension deficits, which may indicate a role for phonological working memory in processing complex syntax, but no significant frontal disconnections. Moreover, damage to these middle-posterior temporal lobe regions was associated with both word and non-canonical sentence comprehension deficits even when accounting for variance due to the strongest anterior temporal and inferior frontal white matter disconnections, respectively.
Our results largely agree with the classical notion that Wernicke’s area, defined here as middle superior temporal gyrus and middle-posterior superior temporal sulcus, supports both word and sentence comprehension, suggest a supporting role for temporal pole in both word and sentence comprehension, and speak against the hypothesis that comprehension deficits in Wernicke’s aphasia result from double disconnection.
Posterior cingulate cortex reveals an expression profile of resilience in cognitively intact elders
Authors: Kelley Christy M , Ginsberg Stephen D , Liang Winnie S , Counts Scott E , Mufson Elliott J 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe posterior cingulate cortex, a key hub of the default mode network, underlies autobiographical memory retrieval and displays hypometabolic changes early in Alzheimer disease. To obtain an unbiased understanding of the molecular pathobiology of the aged posterior cingulate cortex, we performed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) on tissue obtained from 26 participants of the Rush Religious Orders Study (11 males/15 females; aged 76–96 years) with a pre-mortem clinical diagnosis of no cognitive impairment and post-mortem neurofibrillary tangle Braak Stages I/II, III, and IV. Transcriptomic data were gathered using next-generation sequencing of RNA extracted from posterior cingulate cortex generating an average of 60 million paired reads per subject. Normalized expression of RNA-seq data was calculated using a global gene annotation and a microRNA profile. Differential expression (DESeq2, edgeR) using Braak staging as the comparison structure isolated genes for dimensional scaling, associative network building and functional clustering. Curated genes were correlated with the Mini-Mental State Examination and semantic, working and episodic memory, visuospatial ability, and a composite Global Cognitive Score. Regulatory mechanisms were determined by co-expression networks with microRNAs and an overlap of transcription factor binding sites. Analysis revealed 750 genes and 12 microRNAs significantly differentially expressed between Braak Stages I/II and III/IV and an associated six groups of transcription factor binding sites. Inputting significantly different gene/network data into a functional annotation clustering model revealed elevated presynaptic, postsynaptic and ATP-related expression in Braak Stages III and IV compared with Stages I/II, suggesting these pathways are integral for cognitive resilience seen in unimpaired elderly subjects. Principal component analysis and Kruskal–Wallis testing did not associate Braak stage with cognitive function. However, Spearman correlations between genes and cognitive test scores followed by network analysis revealed upregulation of classes of synaptic genes positively associated with performance on the visuospatial perceptual orientation domain. Upregulation of key synaptic genes suggests a role for these transcripts and associated synaptic pathways in cognitive resilience seen in elders despite Alzheimer disease pathology and dementia.