bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Domestic violence: A cross‐sectional study among pregnant and postpartum women
Authors: Sánchez Odette del Risco , Tanaka Zambrano Erika , Dantas‐Silva Amanda , Bonás Mariana Kerche , Grieger Isabella , Machado Helymar Costa , Surita Fernanda Garanhani 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimTo assess the prevalence of domestic violence/intimate partner violence, aggressors, types of violence and associated factors in women who attend an antenatal and postnatal care service in a public hospital in Brazil.DesignCross‐sectional study.MethodsWe interviewed women attending antenatal and postpartum care services in a Brazilian public tertiary woman's hospital in Campinas, São Paulo, between July 2019 and September 2021. Data were collected through interviewer‐administered questionnaires previously used in healthcare settings: Abuse Assessment Screen (AAS); Woman Abuse Screening Tool (WAST); Hurt, Insulted, Threatened with Harm and Screamed (HITS). We evaluated the relationship between the sociodemographic characteristics of women and domestic/intimate violence using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses.ResultsOf the 600 pregnant and postpartum women interviewed, 138 (23%) had suffered any abuse. Some participants disclosed physical violence during pregnancy (2.3%) and during the last 12 months (5.3%). The partner was identified as the main aggressor in most of the cases (60%). When women had a partner, 3.5% reported domestic violence and 6.7% disclosed intimate partner violence during pregnancy or postpartum period. Women with non‐white skin colour (OR = 1.53; 95% CI 1.01–2.34; p = .048), gestational age ≤ 13 weeks (OR = 3.41; 95% CI 1.03–11.25; p = .044) and in postpartum period (OR = 2.81; 95% CI 1.32–5.99; p = .008) were more likely to experience domestic violence at some time in their lives. Women interviewed before the COVID‐19 pandemic were more likely to disclose that they had suffered any abuse.ConclusionExperience of violence during pregnancy and postpartum period was more frequent in women with non‐white skin colour, in their first gestational trimester and in the postpartum period, and was more reported before the COVID‐19 pandemic. Antenatal and postpartum care services could be safe places to support violence survivors.ImpactPregnant and postpartum women are a vulnerable group to experiencing domestic violence/intimate partner violence. Violence can negatively affect women's and children's health and well‐being. Antenatal and postpartum care should be considered as a moment to routinely inquiry women about past and current violence experiences. Regular contact among healthcare professionals and women during this period offers a window of opportunities for implementing psychosocial interventions among women at risk of violence. Healthcare providers (i.e., physicians, psychologists, social workers, nurses and midwives) have an important role in identifying survivors, offering support and providing quality information to women.
MgIG exerts therapeutic effects on crizotinib‐induced hepatotoxicity by limiting ROS‐mediated autophagy and pyroptosis
Authors: Li Min , Wang Chenxiang , Yu Zheng , Lan Qin , Xu Shaolin , Ye Zhongjiang , Li Rongqi , Ying Lili , Zhang Xiuhua , Zhou Ziye 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCrizotinib (CRIZO) has been widely employed to treat non‐small‐cell lung cancer. However, hepatic inflammatory injury is the major toxicity of CRIZO, which limits its clinical application, and the underlying mechanism of CRIZO‐induced hepatotoxicity has not been fully explored. Herein, we used cell counting kit‐8 assay and flow cytometry to detect CRIZO‐induced cytotoxicity on human hepatocytes (HL‐7702). CRIZO significantly reduced the survival rate of hepatocytes in a dose‐dependent manner. Furthermore, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay kit showed that CRIZO treatment strongly increased the level of ROS. In addition, CRIZO treatment caused the appearance of balloon‐like bubbles and autophagosomes in HL‐7702 cells. Subsequently, Western blotting, quantitative real‐time PCR and ELISA assays revealed that ROS‐mediated pyroptosis and autophagy contributed to CRIZO‐induced hepatic injury. Based on the role of ROS in CRIZO‐induced hepatotoxicity, magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate (MgIG) was used as an intervention drug. MgIG activated the Nrf2/HO‐1 signalling pathway and reduced ROS level. Additionally, MgIG suppressed hepatic inflammation by inhibiting NF‐κB activity, thereby reducing CRIZO‐induced hepatotoxicity. In conclusion, CRIZO promoted autophagy activation and pyroptosis via the accumulation of ROS in HL‐7702 cells. MgIG exerts therapeutic effects on CRIZO‐induced hepatotoxicity by decreasing the level of ROS.
A review of nevus‐associated melanoma: What is the evidence?
Authors: Dessinioti C. , Geller A. C. , Stratigos A. J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCutaneous melanoma may have an adjacent nevus remnant on histological examination in 30% of cases (nevus‐associated melanoma, NAM), while it may appear de novo, without a precursor lesion, in the remaining 70% of cases. Nevus‐associated melanoma and the concept of acquired melanocytic nevi serving as precursors of melanoma has long been considered as a controversial topic. This controversy is, in part, due to their overall low rate of transformation to melanoma and scarce data on the natural history of progression. Another matter of debate regarded the possibility that the reported differences in NAM vs. de novo melanoma were due to an underestimation of NAM in thicker lesions due to obliteration of the nevus component by the tumour. During the last few years, several evidence has accumulated in order to address these controversies. In this review, we present a comprehensive synthesis of the epidemiological, clinical, dermoscopic and genetic findings in NAM, including thin NAM, compared to de novo melanoma. Answering the questions on nevus‐associated melanoma may provide further insight into the classification of these tumours and disentangle their biology and route of development from that of de novo melanoma.
Fatigue resistance and fracture strength of narrow‐diameter one‐piece zirconia implants with angled abutments
Authors: Atalay Pelin , Öztaş Doğan Derya 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveZirconia implants are assumed to satisfy the esthetic requirements that titanium implants cannot meet, however, there are not enough studies in the literature about narrow‐diameter and angled zirconia implants that can be preferred especially in the anterior region. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the fatigue resistance and fracture strength of narrow‐diameter zirconia implants with angled abutments.Materials and MethodsForty‐eight one‐piece experimental zirconia implants and monolithic zirconia crowns were produced from 3‐YTZP blanks. The implant diameters (3.0 or 3.7 mm) and the restoration types were determined according to three intraoral regions (upper central incisors, lower central incisors, and upper canine), and abutments were designed as straight or 15° angled. The samples were subjected to chewing simulation corresponding to 5 years of clinical performance and then the static loading test. The survival rates of groups were measured by the Kaplan–Meier log‐rank test, and the fracture load values were estimated by using Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests (p < 0.05).ResultsAll 3.0 mm diameter implants failed the fatigue test. The fatigue resistance of the implants with angled abutments was significantly lower than the straight abutments, and different crown designs were found to affect survival rates significantly. The fracture strengths of the surviving groups were above the maximum physiological chewing forces, and the differences were not significant.ConclusionsThe implant diameter, abutment angle, and restoration type have a significant effect on the fatigue behavior of zirconia implants.Clinical SignificanceThe fracture strengths of the one‐piece zirconia implants with a 3.7 mm diameter and a 15° abutment angle are above the chewing forces for the anterior intraoral region.
In vitro susceptibility testing for the emerging pathogenic mould Veronaea botryosa and pharmacokinetic parameters of natamycin in white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus)
Authors: Coleman Denver , Martínez‐López Beatriz , Knych Heather , Yun Susan , Kenelty Kirsten , Tomasi Valentina , Soto Esteban 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSystemic phaeohyphomycosis caused by the dematiaceous mould Veronaea botryosa is an important emergent disease affecting captive sturgeons (Acipenser spp.). The disease, colloquially known as “fluid belly,” causes morbidity and mortality in adult animals resulting in significant economic losses to the aquaculture industry. Advancements in therapeutic and prophylactic protocols have been partially hampered by the lack of basic protocols to grow and manipulate the fungus in the laboratory. In this study, microbroth kinetic protocols were established to analyse V. botryosa growth in seven nutrient media at different temperatures. Generated area under the curve (AUC) indicates that potato flake dextrose broth (PFD‐B) and Sabouraud dextrose broth (SD‐B) incubated at 25°C provided the greatest growth. The generated protocol was then used to test the susceptibility of V. botryosa isolates to natamycin, a macrolide polyene antifungal agent used as a food preservative. SD‐B and RPMI with l‐glutamine (+RPMI‐B) containing different concentrations of natamycin were inoculated with V. botryosa conidia and the generated growth curves were compared using cubic smoothing spline model. The non‐inhibitory concentration and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC; decrease of AUC by 90% compared with control) were determined to be <1 μg/mL and 16 μg/mL of natamycin in SD‐B media. To gain an understanding of the tissue distribution of natamycin in white sturgeon, pharmacokinetics was tested. Based on pharmacokinetic parameters determined in this study and targeting a blood concentration >16 μg/mL for 24 h, an intravenous dose >1 g/kg would be needed, making the use of this drug unrealistic. The information presented in this study can be used to investigate susceptibility of pathogenic fungus to antimicrobials and disinfectants as well as support future therapeutic protocols against emerging fungal diseases like fluid belly.
Do credit market accessibility and legal protection shape corporate innovation?
Authors: Shen Danlin , Chen Carl R. , Yan Xinyan , Yi Zhihong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe examine the effects of credit market accessibility and legal protection on corporate innovation in a pseudo‐multinational setting at the firm level, emphasizing the channels through which corporate innovation is affected. A horse race suggests that credit market accessibility facilitates innovation more than legal protection does. Credit market accessibility promotes innovation by alleviating financial constraints through reduced bank loan costs, larger bank loans, and more long‐term loans. Consistent with our reasoning, the effects are greater for private enterprises than for state‐owned firms.
An image denoising method of picking robot vision based on feature pyramid network
Authors: Chen Jiqing , Zhang Hongdu , Zhang Haiyan , Ma Aoqiang , Su Yousheng , Li Wenqu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDeep learning has been widely used in removing image noise, but the blind denoising problem in agriculture limits the accuracy of citrus recognition by picking robots, and most denoising methods do not preserve the texture details of the image well. To solve these problems, this study proposes a multi‐module image denoising method based on feature pyramid network. The algorithm is based on the pyramid network structure, adding modules such as attention mechanism, dilated convolution, and feature fusion to denoise images. The attention mechanism and dilated convolution enhance the extraction of noisy features. The feature fusion module fuses the feature maps of each layer to solve the problem of incomplete image detail texture preservation. The experimental results of this algorithm on different datasets show that the performance of our method on various datasets with different noise levels is superior, and it is solving the problem of real image denoising. It is effective to perform both on and save the image texture details, which proves the practicability of the method in this study. After using this method to remove the real noise in the image, the average score of citrus detection accuracy is 52.4% higher than that before denoising.Practical ApplicationsCitrus picking is a labor‐intensive work. Traditionally, citrus picking depends on manpower. This harvesting method has high cost and low efficiency, which seriously hinders the development of citrus industry. In this study, the pyramid network structure is used to denoise the citrus image by adding modules such as attention mechanism, dilated convolution, and feature fusion, so as to guide the robot to recognize the citrus and improve the production efficiency. It is of great value to the recognition technology of industrial citrus picking robot.
Impact of psychological resilience on walking capacity in older adults following hip fracture
Authors: Soliman Germine , Fortinsky Richard H. , Mangione Kathleen , Beamer Brock A. , Magder Larry , Binder Ellen F. , Craik Rebecca , Gruber‐Baldini Ann , Orwig Denise , Resnick Barbara , Wakefield Dorothy B. , Magaziner Jay 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundCommunity‐dwelling older adults experiencing hip fracture often fail to achieve adequate walking capacity following surgery and rehabilitation. Effects of psychological factors on post‐fracture walking capacity are poorly understood. Accordingly, this paper investigates effects of psychological resilience on observed walking capacity measures in older adults following hip fracture, controlling for important covariates.MethodsData were drawn from the Community Ambulation Project, a clinical trial of 210 community‐dwelling adults aged ≥60 years who experienced a minimal trauma hip fracture and were randomized to one of two 16‐week home‐based physical therapist‐guided interventions. Psychological resilience was measured at study baseline using the 6‐item Brief Resilience Scale (BRS); scores were classified into groups in order to distinguish levels of self‐reported resilience. Walking capacity was assessed at study baseline and 16 weeks later using 4‐Meter Gait Speed (4MGS), 50‐Foot Walk Test (50FWT), and 6‐Minute Walk Distance (SMWD). In multivariate analyses of covariance in which 16‐week follow‐up values of each walking measure were outcomes, covariates included clinical trial arm, gender, age, and baseline values of: walking measure corresponding to the outcome; body mass index; depressive symptom severity; degree of psychological optimism; cognitive status; informal caregiver need; and days from hospital admission to randomization.ResultsIncreases between baseline and 16 weeks later in mean gait speed in meters/sec (m/s) and walking distance in meters (m) in 4MGS, 50FWT and SMWD were 0.06 m/s (p = 0.061), 0.11 m/s (p < 0.01), and 25.5 m (p = 0.056) greater, respectively, in the most resilient BRS group compared to the least resilient BRS group.ConclusionHigher levels of psychological resilience were associated with greater walking speed and distance. Psychological resilience represents a potentially clinically important pathway and intervention target, toward the goal of improving walking capacity among older adults known to have substantial residual disability following hip fracture.
A fast approach to discard false negative susceptible lettuce genotypes to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lactucae race 1
Authors: Sanna Martina , Gilardi Giovanna , Gullino Maria Lodovica , Mezzalama Monica 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae (FOL), the causal agent of Fusarium wilt of lettuce, is a seedborne and soilborne pathogen that causes severe losses everywhere lettuce is cultivated. Genetic resistance is potentially the most effective strategy to control the pathogen, but susceptibility evaluation of breeding material with conventional methods carried out under controlled conditions require 3–5 weeks before symptoms severity can be accurately assessed on young plants. A race‐specific quantitative real‐time PCR (qPCR) protocol was developed and validated according to the international validation standard (EPPO, PM7/98) as an aid to speed up the process. The experiments were carried out on five lettuce cultivars grown in the greenhouse and four cultivars grown in microcosm with known levels of susceptibility to the pathogen. The qPCR test carried out on seedlings grown in the microcosm detected the pathogen already 7 days after the inoculation. However, the correlation between the n. cell/μl of the pathogen and the symptoms expression was reliable only at 14 days from the inoculation both, in the greenhouse and in the microcosm assay. A high quantity (from 2.9x102 to 1.9x103 cells/μl) of FOL race 1 corresponds to a high susceptibility of the cultivars and low quantity (0–56.9 cells/μl) is correlated to a resistant response of the cultivar.
Tamoxifen improves homeostasis in the peri‐implant bone remodeling of osseointegrated titanium implants
Authors: Fiorin Luiz Guilherme , Matheus Henrique Rinaldi , Ervolino Edilson , Canciani Elena , Pellegrini Gaia , Dellavia Claudia , Maiorana Carlo , de Almeida Juliano Milanezi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this preclinical study was to evaluate the influence of tamoxifen (TAM) on the peri‐implant bone remodeling of osseointegrated titanium implants in ovariectomized female rats.Materials and MethodsSeventy‐two female rats underwent bilateral ovariectomy 20 weeks before implants placement. One titanium implant was inserted in each tibia of the animals. Six weeks following the implant surgery, animals were randomly divided into two experimental groups (n = 36), which received either saline solution (SS) or tamoxifen citrate (TAM) via gavage until euthanasia. Euthanasia was performed at 30, 60, and 90 days after the first gavage. Assessments of bone to implant contact (BIC), bone ingrowth percentage (BIN), morphological description of cellular and tissue reactions, immunohistochemistry for the detection of bone morphogenetic protein 2/4 (BMP2/4), runt‐related transcription factor 2 (RUNX‐2), osteocalcin (OCN) and tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), and bone chemical composition through scanning electron microscopy with energy‐dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy were performed.ResultsTamoxifen group presented higher BIC, higher BIN, higher RUNX‐2 and OCN, lower TRAP‐positive cells/mm2, and no differences regarding BMP‐2/4 positive cells/mm2 than SS group in all periods. TAM group also showed higher Ca/P rate than SS group.ConclusionTamoxifen enhanced the remodeling of the bone surrounding titanium implants in ovariectomized rats.
Effects of kangaroo care on pain relief in premature infants during painful procedures: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Fang , Zhang Qing , Ni Zhi Hong , Lv Hai Tao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAIMThis study aimed to evaluate effects of kangaroo care on pain relief in premature infants during painful procedures.DesignA meta‐analysis.MethodsEight databases (Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China Biology Medicine [CBM], China Science and Technology Journal Database [CSTJ], China National Knowledge Infrastructure [CNKI], and WanFang Data) were systematically reviewed from inception to November 2021 for randomized controlled and crossover trials.ResultsThirteen studies, including 2311 infants (kangaroo care: 1153, control: 1158) were analyzed. Kangaroo care had a moderate effect on pain relief during painful procedures in premature infants at a gestational age of 32–36 + 6 weeks but no effect at 28–31 + 6 weeks. Furthermore, 15 or 30 min of kangaroo care had a moderate effect and could markedly relieve pain at the instant of and 30/60 s after, had a small effect at 90 s after, and no effect at 120 s after the procedure.Practice ImplicationsKangaroo care may be an effective nonpharmacologic alternative therapy to relieve procedural pain in premature infants born at a gestational age of 32–36 + 6 weeks.
The role of sleep and wakefulness in the recognition of emotional pictures
Authors: Carollo Giacomo , Degasperi Giorgia , Cellini Nicola 
Published: July 2022

SummarySleep has a beneficial effect on memory consolidation. However, its role in emotional memory is currently debated. Here, we investigate the role of sleep and a similar period of wakefulness on the recognition of emotional pictures and subjective emotional reactivity. Forty participants without any major physical, neurological or psychological condition were randomly assigned to the Sleep First Group or Wake First Group. The two groups underwent the encoding phase of an emotional images task with negative and neutral pictures at either 09:00 hours (Wake First Group) or 21:00 hours (Sleep First Group). Then participants performed an immediate recognition test (T1), and two delayed tests 12 hr (T2) and 24 hr (T3) later. Perceived arousal and valence levels were collected for each picture. Sleep parameters were recorded at participants' homes with a portable device. No differences were observed at T1, whereas at T2 the Sleep First Group showed a higher memory performance than the Wake First Group. At T3, performance decreased in the Sleep First Group (who spent the previous 12 hr awake), but not in the Wake First Group (who slept during the previous 12 hr). Overall, negative images were remembered better than neutral ones. We also observed a positive association between memory performance for negative items at the immediate test and the percentage of rapid eye movement sleep the night before the encoding. Our data confirm that negative information is remembered better over time than neutral information, and that sleep benefits the retention of declarative information. However, sleep seems not to preferentially improve emotional memory, although it may affect the encoding of negative information.
Hierarchical partitioning of multiple niche dimensions among ecomorphs, species and sexes in Puerto Rican anoles
Authors: Ingram T. , Giery S. T. , Losos J. B. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAssemblages of co‐occurring closely related species tend to vary in one or more niche dimensions, but niche partitioning also occurs at levels of biological organization above and below the species level. Niche space occupied by a community may involve variation among groups of species, such as guilds or ecomorphs, and among sexes or individuals within species. We examined variation in structural microhabitat, thermal habitat, and prey size and composition in an assemblage of six anole lizards belonging to three habitat specialist ecomorph categories in a Puerto Rican rainforest. As predicted, ecomorphs were most distinct in structural microhabitat, while species within ecomorphs varied mainly in thermal habitat. Ecological sex dimorphism was limited, and considerable variation in all dimensions was unexplained or potentially related to individual‐level niche variation. Our analysis largely corroborates the view of anole adaptive radiation and community assembly as involving structural habitat divergence among ecomorphs and secondary divergence among species using different climatic niches. A hierarchical approach to niche variation presents opportunities for taking a comparative approach to understanding how ecological diversity is partitioned within communities.