bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduction of cerebral lactate level in 3-month-old APP/PS1 mouse: The relationship with Aβ production
Authors: Zhang Mao , Wang Yanyan , Chen Xuedan , Guan Xingying , Dai Limeng , Bai Yun , Guo Hong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Lactate provides signals that modulate neuronal functions, including excitability, plasticity and memory consolidation. This process is mediated by its specific receptor, G-protein-coupled receptor 81 (GPR81), which activates phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase /protein kinase B/cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein (PI3K/Akt/CREB) signaling pathway. However, it is recognized that cerebral lactate content is reduced at the early stage of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Besides, continiously production of amyloid beta (Aβ) induces synaptic dysfunction. Here, this study focuses on the decrease of cerebral lactate content, and its relation with Aβ production at early stage of AD. Firstly, it identifies a decrease of lactate level, GPR81 and phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt/CREB, a reduction of deoxyribonucleic acid methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), an increase of beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and Aβ in the cortex and hippocampus of early AD model mice. Then, through correlation analysis, it is found that reduction of cerebral lactate level is positively correlative with the decreased phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt/CREB. Especially, phosphorylation of CREB is positively correlative with DNMT1 expression, and negatively correlated with BACE1 and Aβ level. These results signify that reduction of cerebral lactate content contributes to suppression of PI3K/Akt/CREB signaling pathway, leading to DNMT1 downregulation. As a result, BACE1 and Aβ are increased in the cortex and hippocampus of early AD model mice. Hence, this study proposes a novel insight that lactate reduction contributes to Aβ production at early period of AD. The underlying mechanism is that reduced lactate can hardly activate GPR81-PI3K/Akt/CREB, which results in DNMT1 reduction, and then increasing BACE1 level and Aβ production (Graphic Abstract).
Crucial Role of Podocyte Acid Sphingomyelinase in NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Glomerular Injury during Obesity
Authors: Huang Dandan , Kidd Jason M. , Zou Yao , Wu Xiaoyuan , Gehr Todd W.B. , Li Pin-Lan , Li Guangbi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The activation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor containing pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has been reported to importantly contribute to glomerular inflammation and injury under different pathological conditions such as obesity. However, the mechanism mediating NLRP3 inflammasome activation in podocytes and subsequent glomerular injury remains poorly understood. Given that the ceramide signaling pathway has been reported to be implicated in obesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG), the present study was designed to test whether the ceramide producing enzyme, acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), determines NLRP3 inflammasome activation and inflammatory exosome release in podocytes leading to glomerular inflammation and injury during ORG. In Smpd1trg/Podocre mice, podocyte-specific overexpression of Smpd1 gene which encodes ASM significantly exaggerated high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in podocytes and immune cell infiltration in glomeruli compared to WT/WT mice. Smpd1 gene deletion, however, blocked these pathological changes induced by HFD in Smpd1−/− mice. Accompanied with NLRP3 inflammasome activation and glomerular inflammation, urinary excretion of exosomes containing podocyte marker and NLRP3 inflammasome products (IL-1β and IL-18) in Smpd1trg/Podocre mice on the HFD was much higher than that in WT/WT mice. In contrast, Smpd1−/− mice on the HDF had significantly lower urinary exosome excretion than WT/WT mice. Correspondingly, HFD-induced podocyte injury, glomerular sclerosis, and proteinuria were more severe in Smpd1trg/Podocre mice, but milder in Smpd1−/− mice compared to WT/WT mice. Using podocytes isolated from these mice, we demonstrated that visfatin, a prototype pro-inflammatory adipokine, induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and enrichment of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) containing IL-1β in podocytes, which was much stronger in podocytes from Smpd1trg/Podocre mice, but weaker in those from Smpd1−/− mice than WT/WT podocytes. By quantitative analysis of exosomes, it was found that upon visfatin stimulation podocytes from Smpd1trg/Podocre mice released much more exosomes containing NLRP3 inflammasome products, but podocytes from Smpd1−/− mice released much less exosomes compared to WT/WT podocytes. Super-resolution microscopy demonstrated that visfatin inhibited lysosome-MVB interaction in podocytes, indicating impaired MVB degradation by lysosome. The inhibition of lysosome-MVB interaction by visfatin was amplified by Smpd1 gene overexpression but attenuated by Smpd1 gene deletion. Taken together, our results suggest that ASM in podocytes is a crucial regulator of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and inflammatory exosome release that instigate glomerular inflammation and injury during obesity.
A framework of ecological sensitivity assessment for the groundwater system in the Mi River basin, Eastern China
Authors: Liu Yuyu , Gao Yixiong , Fu Yongfei , Xu Zhenghe , Li Qingguo , Wang Hai 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
As a critical natural resource, groundwater plays an important role in the stability of the geological environment and the balance of the ecosystem. The purpose of this study was to delineate the ecological sensitivity of the groundwater system in the Mi River basin of Eastern China and to provide a basis for future decision-makers to regulate groundwater. First, based on the available information and the specific situation of the study area, the evaluation index system of groundwater ecological sensitivity was constructed by selecting the influencing factors from four levels: groundwater system structure, natural environment, water resources, and social development. Then, the weights were assigned by the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy method, and the ecological sensitivity of the groundwater system was assessed by a geographical information system (GIS). The results showed that the ecologically moderately sensitive areas of the groundwater system, with an area of 1740.68 km2, accounting for 29.26% of the total, were mainly located in the plain areas of Linqu and Qingzhou and the coastal areas. The highly sensitive and extremely sensitive areas, accounting for 34.97%, were distributed in the midstream and downstream areas of the basin. The insensitive and mildly sensitive areas, with an area of 2127.96 km2, accounting for 35.77% of the total, were mainly located in the upstream areas of the basin. The results provide a basis for environmental protection in the Mi River basin and a reference for the protection and rational utilization of groundwater in the study area.
Effects of a locally administered risedronate/autogenous bone graft combination on bone healing in a critical-size rabbit defect model
Authors: Özer Taha , Guliyeva Vusala , Aktaş Alper , Barış Emre , Ocak Mert 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Risedronate is a bisphosphonate with poor oral absorption. An extremely hydrophilic molecule that has a high affinity for bone, risedronate also inhibits the farnesyl diphosphate synthase enzyme, inhibiting osteoclastic activity and reducing bone turnover and resorption. Autogenous bone grafts contain osteogenic cells and osteoinductive factors that are essential for bone regeneration and are therefore considered the gold standard. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the impact of local risedronate administered with autogenous bone grafts on the healing of defects in rabbit skulls using histological, histomorphometric, immunohistochemical, and three-dimensional radiological methods.
Methods
Two 10-mm diameter critical-size defects were created in 16 rabbits and filled with autogenous bone graft and autogenous bone graft + 5 mg risedronate in the control (C) and risedronate (RIS) groups, respectively. Residual graft, new bone, soft tissue areas, and bone volume were evaluated in the 4- and 8-week study groups.
Results
There were no statistically significant differences in bone graft, new bone, or soft tissue area between the groups at 4 weeks (p > 0.05). At 8 weeks, the new bone area was significantly higher in the RIS group than in the C group (p < 0.05). The h scores obtained from sialoprotein and osteopontin did not differ significantly between the groups (p > 0.05). The radiologically measured total bone volume was significantly higher in the RIS group than in the C group at both time points (p < 0.05)
Conclusions
In this study, risedronate enhanced the osteoconductive properties of autogenous bone grafts and rapidly created better-quality bone. This could improve future patient outcomes.
Earnings Management Ethicality and Application in the Kenyan Public Sector: A Critical Review
Authors: Odek Robert , Kimanzi Kalundu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPurpose The purpose of this study was to critically review various empirical literature in regard to earnings management ethicality and its application in public sector organizations in the Kenyan context with the aim of identifying the gaps and areas for further research. Methodology: The study applied a semi-systematic or narrative review approach by relying on previous publications (2008–2022) on the topic under discussion. This current study applied thematic/content analysis to form opinions about the deductions from the study. Findings: Results shows key motivators toward earnings management to include; managers engaging in earnings management as a result of being sure of not being observed or detected by the public, avoiding reporting losses or avoiding showing any decreases in the reported earnings, meeting analyst forecasts, avoiding payment of higher taxes, to enable access to debt, contracting motivations, and to achieve bonuses tied to performance. Moreover, findings had it that there is no consensus in regard to the ethicality of earnings management. Hence legitimate and illegitimate management of earnings. The study also evidenced that both accrual and real earnings management techniques are applied by managers in the company’s economic reports. Additionally, there are mixed results as to whether creative accounting is practiced in the public sector or not, and with reference to Kenya, no studies on earnings management ethicality has ever been conducted. Implications: The findings from the many empirical studies reviewed herein are therefore helpful in addressing the research gaps identified. Therefore being the limited research on earnings management ethicality in Kenya and globally, it is recommended that scholars to still conduct further studies on earnings management and especially in the public sector firms. Value of the Study: It contributes to strategy makers like the Kenya Accounting Standards Board in the formulation and implementation of accounting principles. It also forms a basis for further research in the management of earnings and its ethicality among public sector firms. That is, no other study had been done in Kenya and just a few studies have been carried out globally.
Contact time and disinfectant formulation significantly impact the efficacies of disinfectant towelettes against Candida auris on hard, non-porous surfaces.
Authors: Voorn Maxwell G. , Kelley Alyssa M. , Chaggar Gurpreet K. , Li Xioabao , Teska Peter J. , Oliver Haley F. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Candida auris is a globally emerging multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen. It causes healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and can be transmitted through contaminated surfaces and equipment. Pre-wetted disinfectant towelettes are increasingly used for infection control. Our objective was to test the efficacies of EPA registered disinfectant towelette products, with or without fungicidal claims, against C. auris, on hard, non-porous surfaces below, at, and beyond label contact times. or longer contact times. We hypothesized that towelette disinfection efficacy against C. auris would be significantly influenced by chemistry and contact time.
Methods
We tested one hydrogen peroxide (HP), three quaternary ammonium (QAC), and one quaternary ammonium plus alcohol (QAC-alcohol)-based disinfectant towelette products, with or without EPA registered fungicidal claims, against C. auris Satoh et Makimura (ATCC MYA-5001). All products were tested at 30 s, one-, two-, three- and 10-min contact time to compare their overall efficacies on a defined surface area following modifications to standard EPA protocol MB-33-00.
Results
HP-based disinfectant towelettes were more efficacious against C. auris than the QAC-alcohol-based disinfectant towelettes irrespective of tested contact times. Thirty s contact time was significantly less effective in reducing C. auris from the Formica surface compared to one-, two-, three-, and 10-min contact times. However, there were no statistically significant differences in the level of disinfection among one-min and longer contact times regardless of product chemistry. None of the products achieved a standard six-log10 reduction at any tested contact times.
Conclusion
Overall, the HP-based disinfectant towelette was significantly more fungicidal than the QAC-alcohol-based disinfectant towelette. For all product types, 30 s contact time did not achieve the same level of disinfection as one-min or longer contact times. Overall, disinfectant towelette efficacy is dependent upon product formulation and contact time.
Multiple Equilibrium States in Large Arrays of Globally Coupled Resonators
Authors: Borra Chaitanya , Bajaj Nikhil , Rhoads Jeffrey F. , Quinn D. Dane 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This work considers the response of a globally coupled array of oscillators, each with cubic nonlinear stiffness, in the presence of global reactive and dissipative coupling. Based on the continuum formulation for this system first presented in C. Borra et al (Journal of Sound and Vibration, 393:232–239, 2017), in the present work the individual resonators are excited to sufficient amplitude to allow for multiple coexisting equilibrium distributions. The method of multiple scales is then applied to the system to describe evolution equations for the amplitude and phase of each resonator. Because of the global nature of the coupling, this leads to an integro-differential equation for the stationary populations. Moreover, the characteristic equation used to determine the stability of these states is also an integral equation and admits both a discrete and continuous spectrum for its eigenvalues.
The equilibrium structure of the system is studied as the reactive and dissipative coupling parameters are varied. For specific families of the equilibrium distributions two-parameter bifurcation sheets can be constructed. These sheets are connected as individual resonators transition between different branches for the corresponding individual resonators. The resulting one-parameter bifurcation curves are then understood in terms of the collections of these identified bifurcation sheets. The analysis is demonstrated for a system of N = 10 coupled resonators with mass detuning and extended results with N = 100 coupled resonators are illustrated.
Service request monitoring using Petri nets and model at runtime
Authors: Bouhamed Mohammed Mounir , Kamel Oussama , Dı́az Gregorio , Chaoui Allaoua 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The service computing paradigm has been widely adopted in various domains, such as in Web applications, Cloud computing and Internet of Things (IoT). Service providers offer services to their clients depending on their functional and non-functional requirements. Generally, the process of using a service consists of three steps discovery, selection, and invocation. This process is subject to many variables. For instance, no service with the required properties was found implying a requirement update, or just the invocation does not work. Therefore, the service monitoring is a necessary feature to be included by service providers. In this paper, we propose a model at-runtime approach to monitor this three-steps-process. We specify the proposed model using the Petri net formalism and the Flexible framework. Our approach allows service managers to monitor the three steps, change requirements when no service can satisfy the current requirements, and select other services when invocations fail. The monitoring system notifies service managers about the request state, the requirement changes required, and the invocation failures based on the Petri net marking. In addition, Python expressions can be used at runtime. Finally, a case study illustrates the approach by the implementation of a compression service.
Weight Estimation of Metallic Object using Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Sujatha Karimisetty , Rao A. Arjuna , Rao P. V. Nageswara 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Weight is an important property of an object which is used to manipulate an object efficiently. Approximating weight of an object is the key area which involves many scientific calculations. However, manual calculations involve many overheads and are not reliable. Recently some computerised techniques are used but they require huge input based on assumptions. Weight estimation of Shaped Object using Image processing Techniques is a prominent solution which targets this problem. Image processing reduces this burden and can be used effectively. Initially, the shape of the object is identified by capturing the image and applying boundary detection and pattern matching. Two methodologies are implemented in classification of images, classical Pattern Matching Technique and Convolutional neural network Then by accepting the dimensions of the object and the predefined values for density of materials the weight estimation can be carried out. This paper briefly discusses the various weight estimation techniques for different shapes such as Cylinders, Cubes and Cones which is efficiently calculated after detection. This problem can be successfully applied for weight estimation of various steel castings used in automobile and oil refinery industries. Based on weight, liquid metal will be melted in furnaces for pouring into moulds.
An Improved Ant-Lion Optimization for Deep and Handcrafted Feature Selection in MR Brain Tumor Classification
Authors: Saman Sangeetha , Narayanan Swathi Jamjala 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Early diagnosis of brain tumors is essential for successful treatment and mortality prevention. The standard method for diagnosing brain tumors is magnetic resonance imaging. Due to the intricate structure of the brain's anatomy, it was difficult to segment and categorize the various types of brain tumors. Moreover, brain MRI contains a significant number of redundant or irrelevant features, classification algorithms struggle to effectively discover patterns in data not having the use of a feature selection algorithm. In this work, we propose a new wrapper feature selection technique for brain tumor classification. Before segmentation, pre-processing is first applied to the input images. The tumor is segmented using active contours, which are driven by laplacian of gaussian energy and optimal region scalable fitting energy. Hand-crafted features using the Histogram of oriented gradient, Gray level co-occurrence matrix, Gray level run length matrix, and deep features using the ResNet50 model are extracted from the segmented brain images. An improved ant lion optimization method (IALO) is proposed for the selection of the best features. Lastly, we classified brain tumors by using Support Vector Machines, Naive Bayes, and Recurrent Neural Networks using two publicly available datasets. The proposed method achieves an accuracy of 99.59% for BRATS and 99.18% for J.cheng brain images respectively. The proposed algorithm's performance was further compared with existing swarm intelligence-based metaheuristic optimization algorithms. From the experimental results, it is observed that the proposed IALO-based RNN method outperforms the existing methods and effectively removes the least significant features while improving classification accuracy.
The Effect of Online Education on Hidden Cirriculum During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Medical Faculties
Authors: Tak Ayşegül Yabacı , Ercan İlker , Özçelik Semra , Güldoğan Emek , Kaya Mehmet Onur , Kalaycıoğlu Oya , Karadeniz Pınar Günel 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Phenomenon: The hidden curriculum in medical education determines what kind of physicians students will become. Although the formal program affects students to become physicians, the hidden cirriculum has a much greater effect on this issue. If a medical faculty wants to improve the quality of the physicians, it should be able to reveal and develop the hidden curriculum of the faculty.
Approach: In our study, it is aimed to reveal the hidden structure in medical faculties by applying the “Hidden Cirriculum Scale” to 344 students studying in different medical faculties in Turkey.
Findings: It has been seen that the preference of specialization of the students who adapt to hidden cirriculum is in favor of internal and surgical medical sciences, that is, their professional adaptation is more. In addition, it is observed that the students studying in the upper classes are more adaptable to the program.
Insights: Studies on hidden cirriculum education in medical faculties can provide innovative insights into medical education. It can increase the awareness of physicians in choosing their fields of science and their desire to be a good physician. In order to increase the quality of graduates of medical faculties and to train good physicians, students' awareness and adaptation of hidden cirriculum is necessary, therefore, an unwritten comprehensive medical faculty curriculum is of great importance in both online and face-to-face education.
Moraea sisyrinchium inhibits proliferation, cell cycle, and migration of cancerous cells and decreases angiogenesis in chick chorioallantoic membrane
Authors: Rashidi Roghayeh , Montazeri Ala , Soukhtanloo Mohammad , Ghasemian Shirin , Amiri Mohammad Sadegh , Hasanpour Maede , Einafshar Elham , Ghorbani Ahmad 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective
Experimental studies reported that some plants in the genus of Moraea (Iridaceae family) show anticancer multiform and HepG2 liver cancer cells.
Methods
The cells were incubated potential. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Moraea sisyrinchium on U87 Glioblastoma for 24 with hydro alcoholic extract of the stem, flower, and bulb of Moraea sisyrinchium. The cell proliferation, cell cycle, and migration were determined by MTT assay, propidium iodide staining, and scratch assay, respectively. Oxidative stress was evaluated by determining the levels of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation. The activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), the expression of Bax and Bcl-2 proteins, and angiogenesis were evaluated by the gelatin zymography, Western blotting, and model of chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane, respectively.
Results
The extracts of the flower, stem, and bulb significantly decreased the proliferation of HepG2 and U87 cells. This effect was more for U87 than for HepG2 and for bulb and stem than for flower. In U87 cells, the bulb extract increased oxidative stress, cell cycle arrest, and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Also, this extract suppressed the migration ability of HepG2 and U87 cells, which was associated with the inhibition of MMP2 activity. In addition, it significantly reduced the number and diameter of vessels in the chorioallantoic membrane. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed the presence of xanthones (bellidifolin, mangiferin), flavonoids (quercetin, luteolin), isoflavones (iridin,tectorigenin),and phytosterols (e.g., stigmasterol) in the bulb extract.
Conclusion
The extract of Moraea sisyrinchium bulb decreased the proliferation and survival of cancer cells by inducing oxidative stress. The extract also reduced the migration ability of the cells and inhibited angiogenesis.