bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Study on Level of Input and Economics of Production of Groundnut in Gujarat
Authors: Ramoliya R. K. , Prajapati M. R. 
Published: October 2022

Groundnut, popularly known as peanut, which is one of the important kharif oilseed crop and its botanical name is Arachis hypogea. India ranks second next to China in terms of production.
During 2019-20, groundnut was cultivated under 31.57 million hectares producing 53.64 million tonnes groundnuts in the world. India ranked first in term of area, with 15.30 per cent share to the world acreage followed by China (14.57%) and Nigeria (12.89%). Keeping all these things in view, the researcher has decided to conduct a study entitled to study level of input and economics of production of groundnut in Gujarat and objective of the study was to study level of input and economics of production for groundnut. A multistage sampling was adopted as appropriate sampling procedure for the study. In the first stage, out of thirty-three districts, seven districts were selected purposively according to the highest command area of groundnut cultivation. In the second stage, two talukas from each selected district were chosen purposively. In the third stage, two villages from each selected taluka were selected randomly. In the fourth stage, twelve respondents were selected randomly from each selected village. Thus, a total of 336 respondents were selected for the study. As regards analytical tools, following techniques were used to analyse the stipulated objectives, i.e. calculation of cost and returns, Cobb-Douglas production function and MVP/MC ratio. All type of farm size group used more groundnut seeds than the recommended seed rate except marginal farmers. Nitrogen and Phosphorus usage were higher than the recommended doses by all type of farm size group. Manure usage were half of the recommended doses by selected farmers. Medium, semi medium and large farmers return per ha over cost A and cost B was higher than small and marginal farmers. Input-output ratio was observed highest in case of large farmers (1.69) over cost C2, followed by medium farmers (1.68). Farmers over utilize of inputs for groundnut production like seed, fertilizer, bullock labour and irrigation, Whereas, farmers underutilize of inputs for groundnut production like farm equipment, PPC, human labour and manure. Farmers of the selected area were ignoring recommended package of practices and new technologies. Hence, proper and timely training should be provided to groundnut farmers to create awareness about recommended package of practices and new technologies to the groundnut farmers by involving the extension activities and extension personnel through arranging farmers meetings, field level demonstrations, meeting with progressive farmers etc.
Research Protocol on Comparative Assessment of Tissue Regeneration by Ayurveda Medication (Amalaki Patra Mashi Ointment) and Silver Sulfadiazine in Dagdha Vrana (Burn Wound)
Authors: Mhaishkar Kanchan , Dandekar Pradnya , Desai Priti , Mhaishkar Bhushan 
Published: October 2022

Background: Skin is the largest organ in the body and performs a wide variety of different function. It play an important role in the injury of the skin. Burns (Dagdha Vrana) are significant health challenge and healing can result in scar formation. Within the herbal medicine tradition the concept of Tonification and Trophorestoration is well established. Concepts of regeneration and Trophorestoration in Ayurveda provide another dimension to the area of regenerative medicine. Acharya Charaka suggests to use drugs of Amalaki to prevent Vrana. Amalaki and Silver Sulfadiazine (SSD) are the two comparative drugs chosen to evaluate the Trophorestoration concept through Dagdha Vrana in Albino rabbits.
Materials and Methods: After identification and phytochemical study of test drugs 18 adult Albino rabbits will be divided into 3 groups with six Albino Rabbits in each group. The burn wound will be induced by using metal disc, three groups have been taken in which first is control group, second is standard control, third is experimental group. Before applying experimental drugs to respective group the tissue sample will be taken from each of albino rabbits and from one of the healthy tissue sample of normal skin will be taken by Punch Biopsy for histopathalogical assay. Examination of wound area, swelling, redness, oozing will be observed. Macroscopic and Microscopic assessment of wound will be done on day 0th, 4th, 8th, and 15th, 21st day after burn. Simultaneously on 0th day and 21st day SOD and MDA test will be done. The remaining animals will be returned to the animal house for their reuse.
Expected Results: Whether Amalaki Patra Mashi ointment has more effect on troporestoration property of Twacha in Dagdha Vrana (Burn wound) than Silver Sulfadiazine.
The multifactorial aquaculture‐related COVID‐19 shock in Benin, West Africa: A socio‐economic perspective of mitigating the disruptive impacts on the small‐scale and subsistence producers
Authors: Amoussou Toundji Olivier , Dessouassi Comlan Eugène , Yong Dorothé Ngondjeb , Fagnon Siméon Mahougnon , Houngbe Luc , Millogo Vinsoun , Toko Ibrahim Imorou , Frimpong Emmanuel A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAquaculture development in Benin depends heavily on small‐scale and subsistence aquaculture producers (SSAPs), who are sustaining production activities. The aquaculture sector is vulnerable to market shocks because of its dependence on inputs and equipment, which are mainly imported from overseas. The recent outbreaks of global aquaculture diseases have also proven the sensitivity of the sector. The vulnerability of SSAPs is expected to increase as a subsequent result of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. This is the reason why COVID‐19‐related difficulties affecting aquaculture production deserve to be evaluated in the country's aquaculture sector. We conducted an online survey to assess the impact of COVID‐19 and the resulting restrictive measures on the functioning of SSAPs farms. Data were collected from 98 SSAPs informants spread over the geographic area with high aquaculture production potential in the country. The rate of increase in input prices, linear discriminant and factorial correspondence analyses projected severe constraints in almost all the value chain. The rates of increase in the unit price of inputs increased from 14% to 188%, thus weakening aqua‐farmers’ purchasing capacity. COVID‐19 has led to a drop in the sales turnover of aqua‐farms, resulting in staff reductions and unemployment. Difficulties in accessing quality inputs have led to the disruption of fish growth and thus the production cycle. The sale of aquaculture products saw a 20%–30% drop in turnover in many farms. The critical challenges mentioned by both men and women SSAPs are mainly the high cost of fish feed, the rising input and transport costs, and the lack of financial resources. Therefore, short‐, medium‐, and long‐term mitigation measures are suggested and could help to alleviate these difficulties while sustaining the blue revolution already under way. This community of men and women SSAPs should adopt and strengthen their use of existing endogenous technologies as well as digital modern options for remote aquaculture sales, in order to cope with future disruptions. The scientific community should help to propose incentive‐based alternative options (e.g., affordable production systems, and efficient micro‐credit model) that can motivate SSAPs to continue with aquaculture, as a guarantee of the sustainability of their livelihoods.
Synthese und Biologische Untersuchungen von C(13)/C(13′)‐Bis(desmethyl)disorazol Z**
Authors: Bold Christian Paul , Lucena‐Agell Daniel , Oliva María Ángela , Díaz José Fernando , Altmann Karl‐Heinz 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWir beschreiben hier die Totalsynthese des Makrodiolids C(13)/C(13′)‐Bis(desmethyl)disorazol Z über die Bildung des Makrozyklus durch eine doppelte inter‐/intramolekulare Stille‐Kreuzkupplung eines monomeren Vinylstannan/Vinyliodid Vorläufers. Der Schlüsselschritt in der Synthese dieses Vorläufers ist die stereoselektive Aldolreaktion eines formalen Evans Acetat‐Aldolprodukts mit Crotonaldehyd. Wie mitttels Röntgenkristallographie gezeigt werden konnte, ist der Bindungsmodus des C(13)/C(13′)‐Bis(desmethyl)disorazol Z an Tubulin praktisch identisch mit demjenigen des Naturstoffs Disorazol Z. Desgleichen unterdrückt das C(13)/C(13′)‐Bis(desmethyl)disorazol Z die Tubulinpolymerisation zumindest gleich stark wie das Disorazol Z und es hemmt das Zellwachstum offenbar sogar mit höherer Potenz.
A 2.75 V ammonium‐based dual‐ion battery
Authors: Zhao Zhiming , Lei Yongjiu , Shi Lin , Tian Zhengnan , Hedhili Mohamed N. , Khan Yusuf , Alshareef Husam N. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe popular metal‐ion batteries (MIBs) suffer from environmental and economic issues because of their heavy dependency on nonrenewable metals. Here, we propose a metal‐free ammonium (NH4+)‐based dual‐ion battery with a record‐breaking operation voltage of 2.75 V. The working mechanism of this sustainable battery involves the reversible anion (PF6−) intercalation chemistry in graphite cathode and NH4+intercalation behavior in PTCDI (3,4,9,10‐perylenetetracarboxylic diimide) anode. This new battery configuration successfully circumvented the reduction susceptibility of NH4+and the lack of mature NH4+‐rich cathodes for NH4+ion batteries (AIBs). The customized organic NH4+electrolyte endows the graphite||PTCDI full battery with durable longevity (over 1000 cycles) and a high energy density (200 Wh kg−1). We show that the development of AIBs should be high‐voltage‐oriented while circumventing low operation potential to avoid NH4+reduction.
Identification of a Distinct Monocyte‐Driven Signature in Systemic Sclerosis Using Biophysical Phenotyping of Circulating Immune Cells
Authors: Matei Alexandru‐Emil , Kubánková Markéta , Xu Liyan , Györfi Andrea‐Hermina , Boxberger Evgenia , Soteriou Despina , Papava Maria , Prater Julia , Hong Xuezhi , Bergmann Christina , Kräter Martin , Schett Georg , Guck Jochen , Distler Jörg H. W. 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivePathologically activated circulating immune cells, including monocytes, play major roles in systemic sclerosis (SSc). Their functional characterization can provide crucial information with direct clinical relevance. However, tools for the evaluation of pathologic immune cell activation and, in general, of clinical outcomes in SSc are scarce. Biophysical phenotyping (including characterization of cell mechanics and morphology) provides access to a novel, mostly unexplored layer of information regarding pathophysiologic immune cell activation. We hypothesized that the biophysical phenotyping of circulating immune cells, reflecting their pathologic activation, can be used as a clinical tool for the evaluation and risk stratification of patients with SSc.MethodsWe performed biophysical phenotyping of circulating immune cells by real‐time fluorescence and deformability cytometry (RT‐FDC) in 63 SSc patients, 59 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, 28 antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody–associated vasculitis (AAV) patients, and 22 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy donors.ResultsWe identified a specific signature of biophysical properties of circulating immune cells in SSc patients that was mainly driven by monocytes. Since it is absent in RA and AAV, this signature reflects an SSc‐specific monocyte activation rather than general inflammation. The biophysical properties of monocytes indicate current disease activity, the extent of skin or lung fibrosis, and the severity of manifestations of microvascular damage, as well as the risk of disease progression in SSc patients.ConclusionChanges in the biophysical properties of circulating immune cells reflect their pathologic activation in SSc patients and are associated with clinical outcomes. As a high‐throughput approach that requires minimal preparations, RT‐FDC–based biophysical phenotyping of monocytes can serve as a tool for the evaluation and risk stratification of patients with SSc.
Automated analysis of computerized morphological features of cell clusters associated with malignancy on bile duct brushing whole slide images
Authors: Monabbati Shayan , Leo Patrick , Bera Kaustav , Michael Claire W. , Nezami Behtash G. , Harbhajanka Aparna , Madabhushi Anant 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundBile duct brush specimens are difficult to interpret as they often present inflammatory and reactive backgrounds due to the local effects of stricture, atypical reactive changes, or previously installed stents, and often have low to intermediate cellularity. As a result, diagnosis of biliary adenocarcinomas is challenging and often results in large interobserver variability and low sensitivityObjectiveIn this work, we used computational image analysis to evaluate the role of nuclear morphological and texture features of epithelial cell clusters to predict the presence of pancreatic and biliary tract adenocarcinoma on digitized brush cytology specimens.MethodsWhole slide images from 124 patients, either diagnosed as benign or malignant based on clinicopathological correlation, were collected and randomly split into training (ST, N = 58) and testing (Sv, N = 66) sets, with the exception of cases diagnosed as atypical on cytology were included in Sv. Nuclear boundaries on cell clusters extracted from each image were segmented via a watershed algorithm. A total of 536 quantitative morphometric features pertaining to nuclear shape, size, and aggregate cluster texture were extracted from within the cell clusters. The most predictive features from patients in ST were selected via rank‐sum, t‐test, and minimum redundancy maximum relevance (mRMR) schemes. The selected features were then used to train three machine‐learning classifiers.ResultsMalignant clusters tended to exhibit lower textural homogeneity within the nucleus, greater textural entropy around the nuclear membrane, and longer minor axis lengths. The sensitivity of cytology alone was 74% (without atypicals) and 46% (with atypicals). With machine diagnosis, the sensitivity improved to 68% from 46% when atypicals were included and treated as nonmalignant false negatives. The specificity of our model was 100% within the atypical category.ConclusionWe achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.79 on Sv, which included atypical cytological diagnosis.
Identification of the Main Phenolic Markers in Turkish Pine Honeys and Their Biological Functions
Authors: Sahin Huseyin , Ozkok Asli , Tanugur Samanci Asli Elif , Onder Elif Yorulmaz , Kolayli Sevgi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this research was to identify the biological activity of Turkish pine honeys and the most abundant phenolic compound(s) to guide future studies to be done about this type of honey. Moreover, this will provide the chance to introduce Turkish pine honeys by elucidating a distinct parameter compared to other forms of honey reported in the literature. To this end, microscopic examination based on the number of honeydew elements (NHE) and the number of total pollen (NTP) grains was performed on 17 samples of pine honeys from the Aegean region of Turkey. Then 18 commonly‐occurring phenolic standards were used in high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to examine the samples. Each sample was tested for individual phenolic compounds, as well as total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). As shown by the numerical data, the values for NHE and NTP were 6600–144000 and 3000–75000, respectively. In addition, the general means of TPC, TFC, and FRAP values for the samples were 53.000 mg GAE/100 g fresh sample, 1.944 mg QE/100 g fresh sample, and 3.455 μmol FeSO4/g fresh sample, respectively. Protocatechuic acid predominated with a range of 197.841–780.227 μg phenolic /100 g sample in all samples. According to the general mean for values detected in the samples, p‐hydroxybenzoic acid and benzoic acid were the second and third markers for Turkish pine honey samples. It is believed that these results will help efforts to set standards for pine honey on a national and global scale.
Organophotocatalytic [2+2] Cycloaddition of Electron‐Deficient Styrenes**
Authors: Golfmann Maxim , Glagow Louis , Giakoumidakis Antonios , Golz Christopher , Walker Johannes C. L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA visible‐light organophotocatalytic [2+2] cycloaddition of electron‐deficient styrenes is described. Photocatalytic [2+2] cycloadditions are typically performed with electron‐rich styrene derivatives or α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl compounds, and with transition‐metal‐based catalysts. We have discovered that an organic cyanoarene photocatalyst is able to deliver high‐value cyclobutane products bearing electron‐deficient aryl substituents in good yields. A range of electron‐deficient substituents are tolerated, and both homodimerisations and intramolecular [2+2] cycloadditions to fused bicyclic systems are available by using this methodology.
A case of disseminated extranodal Rosai–Dorfman disease diagnosed by skin manifestations
Authors: Saito Shintaro , Uchiyama Akihiko , Shibusawa Yayoi , Motegi Sei‐ichiro 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRosai–Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare non‐Langerhans cell histiocytosis that was first described as sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy by Rosai and Dorfman in 1969. While classical/nodal RDD is typical, extranodal involvement is seen in up to 43% of all cases, with 23% showing only extranodal lesions. Here, we present a case of disseminated extranodal RDD, where the initial symptoms were cutaneous manifestations.
Rank‐based data synthesis of common bean on‐farm trials across four Central American countries
Authors: Brown David , de Bruin Sytze , de Sousa Kauê , Aguilar Amílcar , Barrios Mirna , Chaves Néstor , Gómez Marvin , Hernández Juan Carlos , Machida Lewis , Madriz Brandon , Mejía Pablo , Mercado Leida , Pavón Mainor , Rosas Juan Carlos , Steinke Jonathan , Suchini José Gabriel , Zelaya Verónica , van Etten Jacob 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLocation‐specific information is required to support decision making in crop variety management, especially under increasingly challenging climate conditions. Data synthesis can aggregate data from individual trials to produce information that supports decision making in plant breeding programs, extension services, and of farmers. Data from on‐farm trials using the novel approach of triadic comparison of technologies (tricot) are increasingly available, from which more insights could be gained using a data synthesis approach. The objective of our study was to present the applicability of a rank‐based data synthesis approach to several datasets from tricot trials to generate location‐specific information supporting decision making in crop variety management. Our study focuses on tricot data from 14 trials of common bean (Phaseolus vulgarisL.) performed between 2015 and 2018 across four countries in Central America (Costa Rica, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua). The combined data of 17 common bean genotypes were rank aggregated and analyzed with the Plackett–Luce model. Model‐based recursive partitioning was used to assess the influence of spatially explicit environmental covariates on the performance of common bean genotypes. Location‐specific performance was predicted for the three main growing seasons in Central America. We demonstrate how the rank‐based data synthesis methodology allows integrating tricot trial data from heterogenous sources to provide location‐specific information to support decision making in crop variety management. Maps of genotype performance can support decision making in crop variety evaluation such as variety recommendations to farmers and variety release processes.
Electron Beam Etching of Cellulose Microgels for Absorptive Separation of DMSO from Reactions of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural Synthesis
Authors: Dong Xiaohan , Sheng Keyan , Chen Zhiyan , Guo Changhao , Huang Jiang , Gu Yanlong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this study, an efficient method for the separation of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural by the specific adsorption of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) with cellulose microgels fabricated by electron beam irradiation was developed. The cellulose microgel was recovered and reused although this was accompanied by a decrease in the separation efficiency. A series of characterizations, including ultraviolet and infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and swelling ability tests, were performed to determine the adsorption behavior of the chemical structures of the microgel toward DMSO. The results showed that after the first run, the chemical structure of the recovered microgel did not change significantly. Electron‐beam etching played a pivotal role in conferring a special capacity for enriching DMSO in its matrix on the microgel.
Exploring undergraduate thesis manuscript assessment feedback
Authors: Olande Oduor , Lindström Torsten 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe present case study explores the assessment practice of two examiners from different academic backgrounds on an undergraduate thesis work in mathematics education. Reflection notes and feedback from two instances of a thesis‐writing process are interrogated using a framework based on a semiotics perspective to meaning‐making. It is shown that the examiners utilize aspects that are ‘immediate and non‐contested’ to successively make accessible that which is ‘withdrawn yet to be revealed.’ In this process, varied interventional approaches are observed to support desirable aspects of teacher professional knowledge including critical‐analytical disposition. The study also highlights knowledge integration for teaching, scientific disposition, collaboration, and knowledge transformation as some of the desirable aspects of teacher professional knowledge. The findings indicate that knowledge integration and transformation remain an issue of concern for pre‐service teachers. This raises the question of how desirable traits for a teacher‐as‐a researcher can be promoted within the context of thesis work.
Multiparameter analysis of human B lymphocytes identifies heterogeneousCD19+CD21losubsets
Authors: Wilfong Erin M. , Vowell Katherine N. , Crofford Leslie J. , Kendall Peggy L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAutoreactive B cell subsets have been described in a variety of settings, using multiple classification schemes and cell surface markers also found on healthy cells. CD19+CD21loB cells have been identified as an autoreactive‐prone subset of B cells, although the downregulation of CD21 has been observed on a variety of B cell subsets in health and disease. This variation has led to confusion regarding the meaning and applicability of the loss or reduction of CD21 in peripheral B cells. To better understand the relationships between commonly used B cell markers and their associated characteristics, we analyzed human B cells from healthy participants using multiparameter flow cytometry and the visualization algorithm, tSNE. This approach revealed significant phenotypic overlap amongst five previously described autoimmune‐prone B cell subsets, including CD19+CD10−CD27−CD21loB cells. Interestingly, 12 different subpopulations of CD19+CD21loB cells were identified, some of which mapped to previously described autoreactive populations, while others were consistent with healthy B cells. This suggests that CD21 is downregulated in a variety of circumstances involving B cell activation, all of which are present in low numbers even in healthy individuals. These findings describe the utility of unbiased multiparameter analysis using a relatively limited panel of flow cytometry markers to analyze autoreactive‐prone and normal activated B cells.