bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic significance of circulating Epstein‐Barr virus DNA in pulmonary lymphoepithelioma‐like carcinoma: A meta‐analysis and validation study
Authors: Wei Xinyan , Wei Zuyou , Zheng Guixian , Xie Ting , Huo Zengyu , Huang Yanbing , Chen Xiaoli , Bai Jing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn small‐scale studies, circulating Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) DNA levels have prognostic value in patients with pulmonary lymphoepithelioma‐like carcinoma (LELC). Therefore, we performed a comprehensive meta‐analysis to evaluate the prognostic significance of circulating EBV DNA levels in patients with pulmonary LELC. Studies that discussed the prognostic significance of circulating EBV DNA detection in pulmonary LELC were eligible for inclusion in this study. The overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) were the primary outcomes. Pooled hazard ratio (HR), 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and p value were calculated to estimate the prognostic significance of EBV DNA levels. Additionally, we conducted a further observation using an independent cohort. The pooled HR and 95% CI of pretreatment EBV DNA levels for OS and PFS were 3.63 (95% CI: 2.90–4.55) and 2.88 (95% CI: 1.90–4.38), respectively. The pooled HR and 95% CI for Posttreatment EBV DNA levels for OS and PFS were 3.77 (95% CI: 2.96–4.80) and 3.52 (95% CI: 1.91–6.51, p < 0.001), respectively. The independent cohort showed similar results that patients with high pretreatment EBV DNA or positive posttreatment EBV DNA had significantly inferior PFS. Circulating EBV DNA levels provide prognostic values of survival and treatment response in pulmonary LELC patients.
Long‐term effects of prophylactic MgSO4 in maternal immune activation rodent model at adolescence and adulthood
Authors: Dabbah‐Assadi Fadwa , Rashid Sally , Golani Idit , Rubinstein Alon , Doron Ravid , Alon David , Palzur Eilam , Beloosesky Ron , Shamir Alon 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe effects of MgSO4 as an anti‐inflammatory agent in pregnant women have been investigated in the last few years. Infections can cause an inflammatory reaction involving the placenta membranes and amniotic cavity. They may have short‐term effects on the mother and her fetuses, like preterm birth, cerebral palsy, and developmental delay. Despite the alleged advantages of MgSO4 as a neuroprotective agent in the preterm brain, the long‐term molecular and behavioral function of MgSO4 has not been fully elucidated. Here, we investigated the long‐term effect of antenatal MgSO4, during late gestation, on offspring's behavior focusing on cognitive function, motor activity, and social cognition in adolescence and adulthood, and explored its influence on brain gene expression (e.g., ErbB signaling, pro‐inflammatory, and dopaminergic markers) in adulthood. A significant abnormal exploratory behavior of offspring of MgSO4‐treated dams was found compared to the control group in both adolescence and adulthood. Furthermore, we found that adult females exposed to MgSO4 under inflammation displayed working and recognition memory impairment. A reduction in IL‐6 expression was detected in the prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus specimens derived from LPS–Mg‐treated group. In contrast, an imbalanced expression of dopamine 1 and 2 receptors was detected only in prefrontal cortex specimens. Besides, we found that MgSO4 ameliorated the overexpression of the Nrg1 and Erbb4 receptors induced by LPS in the hippocampus. Thus, MgSO4 treatment for preventing brain injuries can adversely affect offspring cognition behavior later in life, depending on the sex and age of the offspring.
The impacts of land use and land cover change on biophysical processes in West Africa using a regional climate model experimental approach
Authors: Achugbu Ifeanyi Chukwudi , Laux Patrick , Olufayo Ayo Akinlabi , Balogun Ifeoluwa Adebowale , Dudhia Jimy , Arnault Joël , Gbode Imoleayo E. , Naabil Edward , Kunstmann Harald 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUsing 2001 and 2016 land use (LU) data and three developed deforestation LU scenarios, namely Deforest I, II and III, the possible impacts of the ongoing land use land cover change (LULCC) over West Africa (WA) and the uncertainty regarding the impacts on regional climate were assessed. Twelve Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model simulations were configured with the default and integrated MODIS satellite dataset for two sets of 3 months (December–February DJF 2011–2012 and July–September JAS 2012) over WA. Between 2001 and 2016, changes that occurred in precipitation, temperature and dew point temperature due to LULCC are mostly not significant at the 95% level with a decrease of 0.8, 0.0 and 0.1%, respectively. Deforest I, II and III caused significant changes with an increase of 44.4, 44.7, 41.5%; 0.8, 0.9, 1.1%; and 0.3, 0.1, −0.2%, respectively, for precipitation, temperature and dew point temperature. Precipitation was lower in the simulation with 2016 LU than it was with 2001 LU, which may have also been influenced by the reforestation that occurred between the periods. However, Deforest III resulted in a widespread nonsignificant rise in precipitation, as the modified areas showed a significant decrease during JAS period. Areas where forests were converted into barren lands revealed severe increase in the surface albedo which is a strong factor that its alteration is capable of influencing precipitation and other variables over WA. LULCC also altered the atmospheric column by modifying the strength of the African Easterly Jet (AEJ), Tropical Easterly Jet (TEJ), wind speed, and monsoonal, vertical, meridional and zonal winds. Heat related fields, such as dew point and air temperature, and moisture fields such as relative humidity were also modified by LULCC. Therefore, as WA reacts strongly to LULCC, sustainable land management practices should be encouraged to control its adverse effects.
Climatology and characteristics of rapidly intensifying tropical cyclones over the North Indian Ocean
Authors: Kranthi Ganadhi Mano , Deshpande Medha , Sunilkumar Khadgarai , Emmanuel Rongmie , Ingle Sopan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRapid intensification (RI) of a tropical cyclone (TC) is defined as an increase in the wind speed by 30 knots within 24 hours. It is a less understood process, particularly for TCs over the North Indian Ocean. We considered data for the past 39 years (1982–2020) from the JTWC and studied the climatology of TCs. We found that, out of 197 cases, 44 TCs (22%) experienced RI. There is a significant increasing trend in RI TCs frequency and duration over the Arabian Sea (AS). Lifetime maximum intensity (LMI) is significantly higher, and genesis to LMI duration is also significantly longer for TCs undergoing RI over the AS. LMI is double for RI TC than for non‐RI (NRI) TC. The longer duration to achieve the higher maximum intensity resulted in a longer total lifespan for RI TCs. All TCs reaching a super cyclonic storm category underwent RI and generally, RI onset happens in the depression stage. The composites are prepared to understand the characteristics of RI TCs in contrast to NRI TCs. For the RI TC composite, the period includes 12 hours before and 24 hours after the RI onset. For the NRI TC, we considered 36 hours starting from the initial intensification stage. The analysis shows the RI TCs are embedded in the warm water regions with ocean heat content of 90–100 kJ · cm−2 and strong latent heat flux transport. RI TCs also have higher positive low‐level relative vorticity, higher upper‐level divergence, and higher mid‐level relative humidity, with higher moisture content around the TC centre. Deep clouds with 208 K < IRBT <240 K dominate in RI TCs. The total surface rainfall for RI cases is symmetric around the centre. RI TCs have higher rainfall fractions with intense surface rain rates for stratiform and convective rainfall during the pre‐monsoon.
β‐Glucan alleviates mice with ulcerative colitis through interactions between gut microbes and amino acids metabolism
Authors: Liu Chang , Sun Changwu , Cheng Yuliang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDFood polysaccharide 1,3‐β‐d‐glucan (OBG) has been shown to alleviate ulcerative colitis (UC) in a mouse model, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate potential mechanisms involving interactions among gut microbiota, microbial metabolites and host metabolic function.RESULTSOBG alleviated colonic inflammation, barrier dysfunction and intestinal concentrations of short‐chain fatty acids in mice with UC. In addition, the relative abundance of Muribaculaceae, Alistipes, Erysipelatoclostridium and Blautia increased, whereas the abundance of Proteus, Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcus decreased within the gut microbiota upon OBG treatment. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses showed that intestinal enzymes altered upon OBG treatment were mainly enriched in sub‐pathways of amino acid biosynthesis. Metabolomics analyses showed that l‐tryptophan, l‐tyrosine, l‐phenylalanine and l‐alanine increased, which is consistent with the predictive metabolism of gut microbiota. Correlation analysis and interaction networks highlighted gut microbiota (especially Lactobacillus, Parabacteroides, Proteus and Blautia), metabolites (especially l‐phenylalanine, l‐tryptophan, l‐tyrosine and acetic acid) and metabolism (phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis) that may be key targets of OBG.CONCLUSIONOBG is beneficial to the gut microecological balance in mice with colitis, mainly becaue of its impact on the interactions between gut microbes and amino acids metabolism (especially tyrosine and tryptophan metabolism). © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Asparagus (Asparagus racemosus L.) roots: nutritional profile, medicinal profile, preservation, and value addition
Authors: Kohli Deepika , Champawat Padam Singh , Mudgal Vishwambhar Dayal 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAsparagus (Asparagus racemosus L.) is one of the most significant traditional medicinal plants, containing phytochemicals that are non‐nutritive but beneficial to health. It contains bioactive metabolites such as fructo‐oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, asparosides, shatavarins, sapogenins, racemosols, isoflavones, glycosides, mucilage, and fatty acids, while saponin is one of the main active constituents of asparagus roots. Asparagus helps in fertility promotion, stress management, and hormone modulation. It also treats stomach ulcers, kidney disorders, and Alzheimer's disease. Substitution of asparagus powder or extract for value addition of food products (such as beverages, bakery, and milk) enhances the nutritional and functional properties. Currently, the plant is considered endangered in its natural habitat because of its destructive harvesting, habitat destruction, and deforestation. As it is a highly perishable commodity, it needs proper handling, preservation, and storage. This review will outline the medicinal properties, uses, value addition, and preservation techniques of asparagus roots. The study found that, till now, the only preservation techniques used to increase the shelf life of asparagus roots are drying and irradiation. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Contemporary conditional cancer‐specific survival rates in surgically treated adrenocortical carcinoma patients: A stage‐specific analysis
Authors: Panunzio Andrea , Barletta Francesco , Tappero Stefano , Cano Garcia Cristina , Piccinelli Mattia , Incesu Reha‐Baris , Law Kyle W. , Tian Zhe , Tafuri Alessandro , Tilki Derya , De Cobelli Ottavio , Chun Felix K. H. , Terrone Carlo , Briganti Alberto , Saad Fred , Shariat Shahrokh F. , Bourdeau Isabelle , Cerruto Maria A. , Antonelli Alessandro , Karakiewicz Pierre I. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesWe examined the effect of disease‐free interval (DFI) duration on cancer‐specific mortality (CSM)‐free survival, otherwise known as the effect of conditional survival, in surgically treated adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) patients.MethodsWithin the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2004−2018), 867 ACC patients treated with adrenalectomy were identified. Conditional survival estimates at 5‐years were assessed based on DFI duration and according to stage at presentation. Separate Cox regression models were fitted at baseline and according to DFI.ResultsOverall, 406 (47%), 285 (33%), and 176 (20%) patients were stage I−II, III and IV, respectively. In conditional survival analysis, providing a DFI of 24 months, 5‐year CSM‐free survival at initial diagnosis increased from 66% to 80% in stage I−II, from 35% to 66% in stage III, and from 14% to 36% in stage IV. In multivariable Cox regression models, stage III (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.38; p < 0.001) and IV (HR: 4.67; p < 0.001) independently predicted higher CSM, relative to stage I−II. The magnitude of this effect decreased over time, providing increasing DFI duration.ConclusionsIn surgically treated ACC, survival probabilities increase with longer DFI duration. This improvement is more pronounced in stage III, followed by stages IV and I−II patients, in that order. Survival estimates accounting for DFI may prove valuable in patients counseling.
Infiltration holes enhance the deep soil water replenishment from a level ditch on the Loess Plateau of China
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyuan , Wang Ke , Li Gaoliang , Zheng Jiyong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe introduction of exotic plants with high‐water consumption and high‐density planting have greatly changed the deep soil water environment on the Loess Plateau of China. Slope measures can intercept runoff to change slope soil water redistribution, however, the existing measures are not enough to improve deep soil water replenishment. Infiltration holes were used as a supplement of the existing slope measures. In this study, the effects of three different measures (the control without any measures, the level ditch, and the combination of level ditch and infiltration hole) on slope runoff and deep soil water redistribution were evaluated under field conditions. The results showed that the combined measure reduced the runoff by 44.1% and the sediments by 78.6% under an intense rainfall event compared with the control. After two rainy seasons, compared with the control and the level ditch, the combined measures significantly increased the soil water storage below 50 cm in the soil layer. Combining infiltration hole with level ditch improved the deep soil water replenishment within 30 cm from infiltration hole in a horizontal plane. Overall, the single‐level ditch was insufficient to improve deep soil water replenishment, and the combined measure can more effectively intercept runoff to increase the water replenishment of deep soils. Our findings provide a new thinking in regulating and utilizing slope runoff to effectively improve deep soil water replenishment in arid and semiarid areas.
Assessment of soil compaction and rutting in managed forests through an airborne LiDAR technique
Authors: Mohieddinne Hamza , Brasseur Boris , Gallet‐Moron Emilie , Lenoir Jonathan , Spicher Fabien , Kobaissi Ahmad , Horen Hélène 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo ensure sustainable forest management, the assessment and monitoring of soil compaction and rutting are essential. Here, we used airborne light detection and ranging‐derived digital terrain model (LiDAR‐derived DTM), available for the forest of Compiègne in northern France, to compute a spatial index of soil rutting. Following an environmental systematic sampling design, we selected 45 plots representative of the forest stand conditions where we subsequently extracted information from the DTM to compute the cumulative length of ruts (CLR). To assess the quality of this LiDAR‐derived index, we related the CLR index to in‐situ soil and vegetation parameters such as soil texture, soil pH, and understory plant species composition. Floristic surveys were carried out across all 45 plots to generate plant species response curves along the CLR gradient. We found soil texture, soil type, and soil pH to be important determinants of CLR. For instance, CLR was the highest in soils with the highest clay content. A total of 22 out of the 94 understory plant species we analyzed showed a significant response curve along the CLR gradient. Most important, the occurrence probability of species associated with wet soils and stagnant waters (e.g., Juncus effusus), like those found in ruts, increased with CLR. Other species associated with dry soils (e.g., Hedera helix) showed a negative response curve along the CLR gradient. In conclusion, the proposed index (CLR) has proven useful to remotely assess soil compaction and rutting after logging operations.
Interactions between soil water and plant community during vegetation succession in the restored grasslands on the Loess Plateau of China
Authors: Zou Hui , Gao Guangyao , Yuan Chuan , Yang Wenbin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPlant–soil water relations are important for understanding the development of plant communities, especially in arid and semiarid areas. However, the interactions between vegetation characteristics and soil water dynamics in the restored grasslands along succession chronosequence were limitedly understood. In this study, we measured the functional traits of dominant species, plant community characteristics and soil water dynamics in grasslands restored for 5, 15, and 30 years (RG5, RG15 and RG30, respectively), and investigated the linkage between plant traits and soil water at the community/plot scale. The results showed that soil water content was high at RG5, while soil water storage increment at RG5 was low. With soil water content highest at RG5 (16.25%), decreased at RG15 (14.81%), and then recovered in some degree at RG30 (15.2%), dominant plant species changed from pioneer species Artemisia capillaries to perennial legume Lespedesa davurica with high specific leaf area, and finally to perennial forb Stipa bungeana with low specific leaf area and low shoot/root ratio. Plant community characteristics including aboveground biomass, vegetation coverage, species diversity all increased with restoration and reached the highest value at RG15 or RG30. Aboveground biomass of perennial grass, as well as species richness showed a significantly positive relationship with soil water recharge and soil water storage increment at deeper layers (10–120 cm and 40–120 cm). Species diversity had positive correlations with soil water content in 0–10 cm layer, a negative correlation with soil water storage increment in 0–10 cm layer and no correlation in 10–20 cm layer. Our findings suggested that changes in soil water content might enhance perennial grass species in semiarid grasslands, and time lag also existed in the plant–soil water interactions.
In situ imaging across ecosystems to resolve the fine‐scale oceanographic drivers of a globally significant planktonic grazer
Authors: Greer Adam T. , Schmid Moritz S. , Duffy Patrick I. , Robinson Kelly L. , Genung Mark A. , Luo Jessica Y. , Panaïotis Thelma , Briseño‐Avena Christian , Frischer Marc E. , Sponaugle Su , Cowen Robert K. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDoliolids are common gelatinous grazers in marine ecosystems around the world and likely influence carbon cycling due to their large population sizes with high growth and excretion rates. Aggregations or blooms of these organisms occur frequently, but they are difficult to measure or predict because doliolids are fragile, under sampled with conventional plankton nets, and can aggregate on fine spatial scales (1–10 m). Moreover, ecological studies typically target a single region or site that does not encompass the range of possible habitats favoring doliolid proliferation. To address these limitations, we combined in situ imaging data from six coastal ecosystems, including the Oregon shelf, northern California, southern California Bight, northern Gulf of Mexico, Straits of Florida, and Mediterranean Sea, to resolve and compare doliolid habitat associations during warm months when environmental gradients are strong and doliolid blooms are frequently documented. Higher ocean temperature was the strongest predictor of elevated doliolid abundances across ecosystems, with additional variance explained by chlorophyll a fluorescence and dissolved oxygen. For marginal seas with a wide range of productivity regimes, the nurse stage tended to comprise a higher proportion of the doliolids when total abundance was low. However, this pattern did not hold in ecosystems with persistent coastal upwelling. The doliolids tended to be most aggregated in oligotrophic systems (Mediterranea and southern California), suggesting that microhabitats within the water column favor proliferation on fine spatial scales. Similar comparative approaches can resolve the realized niche of fast‐reproducing marine animals, thus improving predictions for population‐level responses to changing oceanographic conditions.
Anticorrosive performance and corrosion mechanisms of Zn–Mn‐coated steel
Authors: Stein Nicolas , Claudel Florian , Allain Nathalie , Tidu Albert , Close Damien 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe anticorrosive performance of pulse electrodeposited Zn–Mn deposits was investigated according to the salt spray test DIN EN ISO 9227, commonly used in the automotive industry. A comprehensive analysis of the corrosion products was conducted on the surface and cross‐sections via X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy to define the corrosion mechanisms involved. The results revealed a significant enhancement of the anticorrosive performance of Zn–Mn deposits over commercial Zn through a complex corrosion mechanism. The protective coating evolves continuously with exposition time. A preferential dissolution of Mn is observed leading to the formation of a compact layer of zinc hydroxychloride. Moreover, an overlayer of manganese oxide and zinc oxide is highlighted at prolonged exposures due to an increase in interface pH.
Thermoresponsive Microgels with High Loading of Zwitterions Exhibiting Superior Performance: A Macromonomer Approach
Authors: Ganguly Ritabrata , Saha Pabitra , Kringe Lea Antonia , Pich Andrij , Singha Nikhil K. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this investigation, the synthesis of temperature‐responsive microgels containing high content of zwitterionic poly(phosphorylcholine) (PMPC) is reported. High loadings of polyzwitterionic chains are achieved by using PMPC‐based “macromonomers,” which are synthesized via a three‐step reaction process. The first step involves synthesis of PMPC homopolymers via reversible addition fragmentation transfer (RAFT) polymerization, followed by end‐group removal to generate reactive thiol groups, and last of all, introduction of polymerizable double bonds at the chain ends to provide PMPC‐based macromonomers. Macromonomers of three different molar masses (3000, 5000, and 10 000 g mol−1) are used in three different molar ratios (1, 3, and 5 mol%) to synthesize microgels using N‐vinylcaprolactam (NVCL) as the main co‐monomer in precipitation polymerization. It is observed that the extent of total incorporation of the zwitterionic moiety is a function of both the macromonomer molar mass as well as its molar fraction in the feed which has a direct effect on their solution properties such as hydrodynamic radii and volume phase transition temperature (VPTT). Interestingly, these microgels show unprecedented extent of protein‐repelling behavior owing to higher loading of zwitterionic moieties, what makes them interesting for the fabrication of protective coatings with anti‐fouling properties.