bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Heat Transport Capability across Boron Nitride/Copper Interface through Inelastic Phonon Scattering
Authors: Wang Jingjing , Wang Ziyang , Yang Kunming , Chen Naiqi , Ni Jiamiao , Song Jian , Li Quan , Sun Fangyuan , Liu Yue , Fan Tongxiang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractInterfacial thermal resistance plays a critical role in heat dissipation, when the mean free paths of heat energy carriers approach or exceed the characteristic lengths of devices. Deep understanding on electron and phonon scattering, as well as their coupling behaviors are of importance for interfacial heat transport enhancement. In this work, complicated influential mechanisms of interface defects on phonon scattering are studied, from the aspects of both time‐domain thermoreflectance (TDTR) measurements and atomistic simulations. Particularly, this study focuses on the comprehensive influence of inelastic phonon scattering on interfacial thermal conductance (hK) of hexagonal and amorphous boron nitride (BN)/copper (Cu) interfaces with nonreactive and nondiffusive features. The TDTR results imply that the hK of Al/a‐BN/Cu is ≈80% higher than that of Al/h‐BN/Cu counterpart, with the comparable film thicknesses, grain sizes, and interface roughness. Although lower local strain near h‐BN/Cu interface can boost electron–phonon coupling, inelastic phonon scattering at a‐BN/Cu interface may greatly promote the interfacial heat transport. The authors believe multiple phonons scattering accompanied by high‐frequency phonons transformation to low‐frequency phonons within a‐BN may provide more phonon–phonon coupling channels at the a‐BN/Cu interface. The present findings may provide more insights to understand nanoscale heat transport mechanisms at metal/nonmetal interfaces.
A Localized Materials‐Based Strategy to Non‐Virally Deliver Chondroitinase ABC mRNA Improves Hindlimb Function in a Rat Spinal Cord Injury Model
Authors: Khalil Andrew S. , Hellenbrand Daniel , Reichl Kaitlyn , Umhoefer Jennifer , Filipp Mallory , Choe Joshua , Hanna Amgad , Murphy William L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSpinal cord injury often results in devastating consequences for those afflicted, with very few therapeutic options. A central element of spinal cord injuries is astrogliosis, which forms a glial scar that inhibits neuronal regeneration post‐injury. Chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) is an enzyme capable of degrading chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG), the predominant extracellular matrix component of the glial scar. However, poor protein stability remains a challenge in its therapeutic use. Messenger RNA (mRNA) delivery is an emerging gene therapy technology for in vivo production of difficult‐to‐produce therapeutic proteins. Here, mineral‐coated microparticles as an efficient, non‐viral mRNA delivery vehicles to produce exogenous ChABC in situ within a spinal cord lesion are used. ChABC production reduces the deposition of CSPGs in an in vitro model of astrogliosis, and direct injection of these microparticles within a glial scar forces local overexpression of ChABC and improves recovery of motor function seven weeks post‐injury.
Engineering a Hierarchical Biphasic Gel for Subcutaneous Vascularization
Authors: Gao Daqian , Ernst Alexander U. , Wang Xi , Wang Longhai , Liu Wanjun , Ma Minglin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractImplanted cell‐containing grafts require a robust and functional vasculature to supply oxygen and nutrients, as well as clear metabolic waste products. However, it remains challenging to fabricate tunable, vascular‐promoting scaffolds without incorporating additional biologics. Here, a biphasic gel consisting of a highly porous aerogel and a degradable fibrin hydrogel for inducing vascularization is presented. The highly porous (>90%) and stable aerogel is assembled from short microfibers by being dispersed in an aqueous solution that can be 3D printed into various configurations. The biphasic gel demonstrates good compression‐resistance: 70.30% Young's modulus is recovered over 20 cycles of 65% compression under water. Furthermore, it is confirmed that tissue cells and blood vessels can penetrate a thick (≈3 mm) biphasic gel in the subcutaneous space of mice. Finally, the biphasic gel doubles the vascular ingrowth compared to a composite of a commercial surgical polyester felt and a fibrin hydrogel upon subcutaneous implantation in mice after 4 weeks. The design of this biphasic gel may advance the development of vascularized scaffolds.
Transition Metal Nitrides in Lithium‐ and Sodium‐Ion Batteries: Recent Progress and Perspectives
Authors: Wang Peiyao , Zhao Bangchuan , Bai Jin , Tong Peng , Zhu Xuebin , Sun Yuping 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe ever‐growing market of energy storage devices in portable electronics, electric vehicles, and smart grids has attracted extensive investigation on lithium‐ and sodium‐ion batteries in the past few years. Lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) are currently the most commercially used energy storage devices in various occasions, while sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) are expected to complement LIBs in large‐scale applications. To meet the rapid increase on the energy density of batteries, it is imperative to explore new electrode materials for rechargeable LIBs and SIBs. In the past few years, transition metal nitrides (TMNs) have been considered as promising anode materials for both LIBs and SIBs due to their much higher electronic conductivity and relatively lower conversion reaction potential. Moreover, TMNs are also the optimum compositing materials to enhance the performance of general anode material. In this paper, the design approach, synthesis routine, and the latest advances in the development of TMNs and TMN‐based hybrid materials served as anode for LIBs or SIBs are summarized. Also, challenges and perspectives in the future of TMNs‐related materials are also discussed.
Interfacial Properties and Fragmentation Process in ZnO Nanowire Coated Hybrid Carbon Fiber Composite: A Multiscale Modeling Approach
Authors: Marashizadeh Parisa , Abshirini Mohammad , Saha Mrinal C. , Huang Liangliang , Liu Yingtao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA multiscale modeling framework is developed to investigate the effect of ZnO nanowires (NWs) on the fiber/matrix interface, and the fiber fragmentation mechanism of ZnO NW coated single fiber composites (SFC). Atomistic traction–separation analysis is conducted using molecular dynamics simulation technique to evaluate the interface properties between the functionalized carbon fiber surface and ZnO NW/polymer matrix. The results indicate that incorporating ZnO NW can significantly enhance interface stiffness, strength, and fracture energy. The results obtained in opening and sliding modes are implemented in the cohesive zone model to simulate the interface at the mesoscale. Microhomogenization analysis is performed on a representative volume element containing ZnO NW reinforced polymer matrix to determine the effective material properties of the enhancement layer. The interface and enhancement layer properties are imported into the macroscale hybrid SFC model. Single fiber fragmentation analysis is performed employing user material (UMAT) subroutine and ABAQUS finite element analysis package. Simulation results demonstrate that the load is transferred more efficiently from matrix to fiber in the hybrid than in the bare fiber model. The fiber fragmentation is increased in the hybrid composite structure, resulting in up to 100% improvement in interfacial shear strength of SFC incorporating ZnO NW.
ASCL2 Maintains Stemness Phenotype through ATG9B and Sensitizes Gliomas to Autophagy Inhibitor
Authors: Wang Li‐Hong , Yuan Ye , Wang Jiao , Luo Ying , Lan Yang , Ge Jia , Li Lei , Liu Feng , Deng Qing , Yan Ze‐Xuan , Liang Mei , Wei Sen , Liu Xin‐Dong , Wang Yan , Ping Yi‐Fang , Shi Yu , Yu Shi‐Cang , Zhang Xia , Cui You‐Hong , Yao Xiao‐Hong , Feng Hua , Luo Tao , Bian Xiu‐Wu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAutophagy is a highly conserved process that is vital for tumor progression and treatment response. Although autophagy is proposed to maintain the stemness phenotype in adult diffuse glioma, the molecular basis of the link between autophagy and stemness is poorly understood, which makes it impossible to effectively screen for the population that will benefit from autophagy‐targeted treatment. Here, ATG9B as essential for self‐renewal capacity and tumor‐propagation potential is identified. Notably, ASCL2 transcriptionally regulates the expression of ATG9B to maintain stemness properties. The ASCL2‐ATG9B axis is an independent prognostic biomarker and indicator of autophagic activity. Furthermore, the highly effective blood–brain barrier (BBB)‐permeable autophagy inhibitor ROC‐325, which can significantly inhibit the progression of ASCL2‐ATG9B axisHigh gliomas as a single agent is investigated. These data demonstrate that a new ASCL2‐ATG9B signaling axis is crucial for maintaining the stemness phenotype and tumor progression, revealing a potential autophagy inhibition strategy for adult diffuse gliomas.
Myelosuppression Alleviation and Hematopoietic Regeneration by Tetrahedral‐Framework Nucleic‐Acid Nanostructures Functionalized with Osteogenic Growth Peptide
Authors: Zhang Tianxu , Zhou Mi , Xiao Dexuan , Liu Zhiqiang , Jiang Yueying , Feng Maogeng , Lin Yunfeng , Cai Xiaoxiao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAs major complications of chemoradiotherapy, myelosuppression and hematopoietic‐system damage severely affect immunologic function and can delay or even terminate treatment for cancer patients. Although several specific cytokines have been used for hematopoiesis recovery, their effect is limited, and they may increase the risk of tumor recurrence. In this study, osteogenic growth peptide functionalized tetrahedral framework nucleic‐acid nanostructures (OGP‐tFNAs) are prepared; they combine the positive hematopoiesis stimulating effect of OGP and the drug carrying function of tFNAs. The potential of OGP‐tFNAs for hematopoietic stimulation and microenvironment regulation is investigated. It is shown that OGP‐tFNAs can protect bone marrow stromal cells from 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU)‐induced DNA damage and apoptosis. OGP‐tFNAs pretreatment activates the extracellularly regulated protein kinase signal and downregulates apoptosis‐related proteins. OGP‐tFNAs also alleviate the chemotherapy‐induced inhibition of hematopoiesis‐related cytokine expression, which is crucial for hematopoiesis reconstitution. In conclusion, OGP‐tFNAs can protect hematopoietic cells and their microenvironment from chemotherapy‐induced injuries and myelosuppression, while promoting hematopoiesis regeneration.
Transport Spectroscopy of Ultraclean Tunable Band Gaps in Bilayer Graphene
Authors: Icking Eike , Banszerus Luca , Wörtche Frederike , Volmer Frank , Schmidt Philipp , Steiner Corinne , Engels Stephan , Hesselmann Jonas , Goldsche Matthias , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Volk Christian , Beschoten Bernd , Stampfer Christoph 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe importance of controlling both the charge carrier density and the band gap of a semiconductor cannot be overstated, as it opens the doors to a wide range of applications, including, for example, highly‐tunable transistors, photodetectors, and lasers. Bernal‐stacked bilayer graphene is a unique van‐der‐Waals material that allows tuning of the band gap by an out‐of‐plane electric field. Although the first evidence of the tunable gap is already found 10 years ago, it took until recent to fabricate sufficiently clean heterostructures where the electrically induced gap can be used to fully suppress transport or confine charge carriers. Here, a detailed study of the tunable band gap in gated bilayer graphene characterized by temperature‐activated transport and finite‐bias spectroscopy measurements is presented. The latter method allows comparing different gate materials and device technologies, which directly affects the disorder potential in bilayer graphene. It is shown that graphite‐gated bilayer graphene exhibits extremely low disorder and as good as no subgap states resulting in ultraclean tunable band gaps up to 120 meV. The size of the band gaps are in good agreement with theory and allow complete current suppression making a wide range of semiconductor applications possible.
Discrete Graphitic Crystallites Promise High‐rate Ion Intercalation for KC8 Formation in Potassium Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Qi , Zhang Yibo , Chen Zhengyu , Zhang Jun , Tao Ying , Yang Quan‐Hong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGraphite has paved the way for commercial lithium‐ion batteries and shows great potential as an anode for high‐energy potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) due to its low‐potential charge/discharge plateau. However, the restricted diffusion of large K+ in graphite causes difficulties in generating the stage‐one graphite‐intercalation compound (GIC) KC8 at high rates and results in a low plateau capacity and an inferior rate performance. It is discovered that the formation of high‐stage GICs (prior to KC24) is the rate‐controlling step of K+ intercalation, which is key to forming KC8. Here, a carbon anode material containing the medium‐size discrete graphitic crystallites is reported, produced by heating non‐graphitizable carbon above 2800 °C. This carbon anode material promotes the formation of KC8 due to the accelerated K+ diffusion especially at the rate‐controlling step and the sufficient reactive sites, which leads to a record‐high plateau capacity of 293 mAh g−1 and an excellent rate performance with 180 mAh g−1 at 500 mA g−1. For comparison, the respective values for graphite are only 242 and 51 mAh g−1. This study provides new insights into K+‐intercalation chemistry and shall promote the design of carbon anode materials for high‐energy and high‐power PIBs and even other energy storage systems.
Prevalence of gastrointestinal disorders in individuals with RASopathies: May RAS/MAP/ERK pathway dysfunctions be a model of neuropathic pain and visceral hypersensitivity?
Authors: Leoni Chiara , Giorgio Valentina , Stella Giuseppe , Onesimo Roberta , Triumbari Elizabeth K. A. , Podagrosi Maria , Kuczynska Eliza , Vollono Catello , Lindley Keith J. , Zampino Giuseppe 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRASopathies are a group of neurodevelopmental syndromes caused by germline variants in genes of the Ras/MAP/ERK pathway. Growth failure, neurological involvement, and pain represent the main features of these conditions. ERK signaling cascade plays a crucial role in nociception and visceral pain and it is likely implicated in the genesis of neuropathic pain and maintenance of altered pain states. We studied the prevalence of abdominal pain and functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders in a large sample of individuals with RASopathies. A brief pain inventory questionnaire and semi‐structured dedicated interview were used to investigate presence and localization of pain. A Rome IV questionnaire was used to screen for functional GI disorders. Eighty patients with clinical and molecular diagnoses of RASopathy were recruited (42 with Noonan syndrome; 17 with Costello Syndrome and 21 with cardio‐facio‐cutaneous syndrome). Overall, the prevalence of abdominal pain was 44% and prevalence of functional GI disorders was 78% with constipation, abdominal pain, and aerophagia being the most frequently detected ones. A significant association was found between pain and irritable bowel syndrome, functional constipation and aerophagia. Children with RASopathies have a high prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders. These children could represent a good in vivo model to study neuropathic pain, visceral hypersensitivity and gut‐brain axis disorders.
PIFA Induced Regioselective C‐H Chalcogenylation of Benzo[d]imidazo[5,1‐b]thiazoles under Mild Conditions
Authors: Liu Min , Yan Kelu , Wen Jiangwei , Zhang Ning , Chen Xinyu , Li Xue , Wang Xiu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe phenyliodine(III) bis(trifluoroacetate) (PIFA) induced C−H chalcogenylation of benzo[d]imidazo[5,1‐b]thiazoles with disulfides or diselenides has been realized efficiently under mild and and easy to operate conditions. Most products were obtained in good to excellent yields. Both possible radical and ionic mechanisms are presented. This protocol provides a pathway for the rapid and simple construction of diverse organochalcogen derivatives.
Characteristics of gut microbiota in representative mice strains: Implications for biological research
Authors: Guo Jianguo , Song Chenchen , Liu Yunbo , Wu Xuying , Dong Wei , Zhu Hua , Xiang Zhiguang , Qin Chuan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundExperimental animals are used to study physiological phenomena, pathological mechanisms, and disease prevention. The gut microbiome is known as a potential confounding factor for inconsistent data from preclinical studies. Although many gut microbiome studies have been conducted in recent decades, few have focused on gut microbiota fluctuation among representative mouse strains.MethodsA range of frequently used mouse strains were selected from 34 isolation packages representing disease‐related animal (DRA), immunity defect animal (IDA), or gene‐editing animal (GEA) from the BALB/c and C57BL/6J backgrounds together with normal mice, and their microbial genomic DNA were isolated from mouse feces to sequence for the exploration of gut microbiota.ResultsMouse background strain, classification, introduced source, introduced year, and reproduction type significantly affected the gut microbiota structure (p < 0.001 for all parameters), with background strain contributing the greatest influence (R2 = 0.237). In normal groups, distinct gut microbiota types existed in different mouse strains. Sixty‐four core operational taxonomic units were obtained from normal mice, and 12 belonged to Lactobacillus. Interestingly, the gut microbiota in C57BL/6J was more stable than that in BALB/c mice. Furthermore, the gut microbiota in the IDA, GEA, and DRA groups significantly differed from that in normal groups (p < 0.001 for all). Compared with the normal group, there was a significantly higher Chao1 and Shannon index (p < 0.001 for all) in the IDA, GEA, and DRA groups. Markedly changed classes occurred with Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. The abundances of Helicobacter, Blautia, Enterobacter, Bacillus, Clostridioides, Paenibacillus, and Clostridiales all significantly decreased in the IDA, GEA, and DRA groups, whereas those of Saccharimonas, Rikenella, and Odoribacter all significantly increased.
Sulfonated Chitosan and HKUST‐1 metal organic frameworks based hybrid membranes for direct methanol fuel cell applications
Authors: Divya Kumar , Sri Abirami Saraswathi Meenakshi Sundaram , Nagendran Alagumalai , Rana Dipak 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSulfonated Chitosan and copper‐based metal–organic frameworks (Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST‐1) or Cu‐BTC or MOF‐199) based hybrid membranes are fabricated using a solution casting method for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) applications. The well‐defined cubic structure and sharp crystalline X‐ray diffraction pattern confirms the successful synthesis of HKUST‐1. The SEM cross‐sectional images showed that incorporated HKUST‐1 acts as a pore‐filling agent as well as creating finger‐like hydrophilic channels into the S‐Chitosan matrix. The existence of intermolecular hydrogen bonding between the COOH groups of HKUST‐1 and SO3H groups of S‐Chitosan enhances the membrane performances such as water uptake, ion exchange capacity, proton conductivity, and thermal stability. Specifically hybrid membrane with 0.5 wt% of HKUST‐1 showed the highest proton conductivity of 5.38 × 10−3 and 6.19 × 10−3 S cm−1 at 25 and 80°C respectively. Besides the S‐Chitosan‐0.5 membrane exhibited lower methanol permeability and selectivity than pristine S‐Chitosan and commercial Nafion membranes due to the small ionic size. Besides the pore reduction ability of HKUST‐1 selectively allowed protons and block the methanol permeation in the membrane matrix. Overall results indicate that the S‐Chitosan‐0.5 hybrid membrane is a suitable candidate for DMFC applications.
Modification strategies for improving antibacterial properties of polyetheretherketone
Authors: Gao Weijia , Han Xiao , Li Yongli , Zhou Zhe , Wang Junyan , Shi Ruining , Jiao Junjie , Qi Yuanzheng , Zhou Yanmin , Zhao Jinghui 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPolyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a semi‐crystalline thermoplastic polymer that has been gradually used in the repair of bone defects because of its well chemical stability, reliable biocompatibility, excellent X‐ray radiolucency, and low modulus. However, PEEK is a biologically inert material, and planktonic bacteria can adhere to its surface and eventually form biofilms, allowing for the rapid development of implant‐related infections. This review mainly introduces two important antibacterial modification strategies: antibacterial coating and surface morphology modification. Antibacterial coating include antibiotics, natural extracts, antimicrobial peptides, polymers, metals and metal oxides, selenium, fluoride, silicon nitride, and graphene oxide. These coatings can exert their antibacterial effect by inhibiting bacterial adhesion, killing bacteria by contact, or actively releasing antimicrobial substances. In terms of antibacterial surface topography, different surface microstructures have their respective antibacterial functions. Conical or cylindrical structures can exert stress on the bacterial surface causing the rupture of the cell membrane to kill bacteria. Nano protrusions or particles smaller than the size of bacteria can inhibit the adhesion of bacteria by reducing the contact area of bacteria and PEEK. The pit structure close to the size of bacteria can prevent the contact between adjacent bacteria and delay or prevent the formation of biofilm.
Synthesis and flame retardant behavior of siloxane functionalized polyethylene
Authors: Sun Shuang , Peng Xiaoting , Pang Hongchang , Niu Hui 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTo improve the flame retardancy of polyethyelene (PE), this work realized an effective in‐situ synthesis of siloxane functionalized PE via continuous process with two stages: in the first stage, reactive olefin monomers containing dichlorosilane group were designed and utilized in ethylene copolymerization catalyzed by Ziegler‐Natta catalyst; in the second stage, by injecting dimethylsilanediol (DMS) directly into the unterminated polymerization solution, siloxane was grafted onto PE side group via the reaction between the pendant chlorosilane groups on PE and hydroxyl on DMS. Owing to the carbonization effect of silica produced by siloxane combustion, the combustion residue of PE was significantly increased to 20.8 wt% in the TGA test after grafting 0.58 mol% DMS. The siloxane functionalized PE was then added into PE/magnesium hydroxide (MH) composites to investigate the materials burning behavior. By grafting 0.15 wt% siloxane, the limited oxygen index of PE was increased from 18% to 21% and that of PE/MH increased from 28% to 30%, indicating the flame retardancy of PE was improved with grafted siloxane modification. It was also found that the nanoscale silica in‐situ generated by the graft siloxane groups efficiently assisted the formation of a dense residual layer of MgO and amorphous carbon.
Cross‐linking reaction of diastereomeric bis‐limonene oxide with polyhydric carboxylic acid
Authors: Morinaga Hisatoyo , Koike Yutaka 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this study, the epoxy‐carboxylic acid reaction was examined using two diastereomers of biobased bis‐functional epoxides (bis‐trans‐LO and bis‐cis‐LO derived from trans‐ and cis‐limonene oxide, respectively) and polyhydric carboxylic acid. The network polymers derived from bis‐trans‐LO had a higher polymer yield as well as superior thermal properties and mechanical strength than those derived from bis‐cis‐LO, since bis‐trans‐LO was cross‐linked effectively owing to the direct nucleophilic attack on the methine carbon of the epoxy ring by carboxy groups. The reprocessability of the network polymer in the presence of Zn(acac)2 was confirmed in both cases, whereas the tensile strength decreased after the 2nd cycle.