bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Opplevelsens teater som forskningsfelt
Authors: Arntzen Knut Ove 
Published: November 2022

Artikkelen er en introduksjon til et metaforisk perspektiv på teaterforskning i skjæringspunktet mellom teori og praksis. Den er et forslag til hvordan en kan reflektere over praksis i lys av den personlige opplevelsen og betrakterens blikk. Metaforer og encyklopedisk uorden sees i et geokulturelt perspektiv. Det blir gitt en teaterhistoriografisk innfallsvinkel som tar høyde for det estetiske såvel som det personlige engasjementet. Artikkelen konkluderer med at kunstfaglig forskning må ta høyde for en dialog mellom kunst og vitenskap.
This article is an introduction to a metaphorical perspective in theatre research in the crossroad between theory and practice. It proposes how one can reflect upon practise in light of personal experiences. Metaphors and encyclopedic disorder can be seen in a geo-cultural perspective. It leads to a historiography taking into consideration that the aesthetic can be seen in conjunction with the personal. The article concludes with saying that artistic research has to be based in a dialogue between art and science.
Å forske på kulturelt omstridt teater i samtiden
Authors: Böhnisch Siemke 
Published: November 2022

I anledning af 60-årsjubileum til faget Dramaturgi ved Aarhus Universitet har Peripeti etterspurt faglig selvrefleksion. Jeg vil benytte anledningen til å reflektere over min egen dramaturgiske forskning gjennom et lengre tidsrom og på tvers av to ulike forskningsprosjekter.
Historical Performance Practice som teaterbevidsthed
Authors: Kuhlmann Annelis 
Published: November 2022

For nylig blev Centre for Historical Performance Practice (CHiPP) oprettet på Afdeling for Dramaturgi og Musikvidenskab, Aarhus Universitet. I det følgende fortæller jeg lidt om, hvad historical performance practice kan dække over, hvorpå jeg applikerer begrebet på tre forskellige forestillinger, jeg har oplevet i løbet af foråret 2019.
Peter Brook
Authors: Banu Georges , Carre Claire 
Published: November 2022

Peter Brook
Why a Theatre Laboratory? It includes the programme of a three days’ international symposium from October 4th through 6th 2004. This is the first initiative taken by the Centre for Theatre Laboratory Studies (CTLS), a newly inaugurated centre under Aarhus University in cooperation with Nordisk Teaterlaboratorium. Peripeti include articles on Stanislavski, Meyerhold, Copeau, Decroux, Grotowski, Peter Brook, Théâtre du Soleil, and Odin Teatret and the theatre laboratory praxis of these masters and inventors, including, of course, reflections on their function and effect. In the last article, Eugenio Barba reflects on the creative process of Odin Teatret over the last 40 years. In addition, we also include the curriculum vitae on those participating in the symposium.
The occasion of the symposium is to celebrate the 40th anniversary in October 2004 of Nordisk Teaterlaboratorium/Odin Teatret. Congratulations.
Tragedier i Berlin
Authors: Hylling Diers Tanja 
Published: November 2022

Tanja Diers ser nærmere på tre tragedieiscenesættelser på Volksbühne i Berlin: Prometheus af Aischylos, Medea af Seneca (efter Euripides) og Antigone/Elektra af Sofokles.
Artiklen vil undersøge Agoraprojektet, mere specifikt de to tragedier iscenesat afhenholdsvis Dimiter Gotscheff og Frank Castorf. Prometheus og Medea er iscenesat eftermeget forskellige æstetiske koncepter henholdsvis med sproget som performativ kraft ogtegn- og associationsoverflod efter postdramatisk forbillede. Undersøgelsen vil fokusere påiscenesættelseskoncepterne med henblik på at diskutere projektets status som et udviklendeprojekt i forhold til bestående teaterkonventioner, kulturel forståelse af forholdet mellemden tyske kultur og den antikke græske, samt relationen til et samtidig publikum.
Lytning og læsning som kreative processer?
Authors: Stougaard Pedersen Birgitte 
Published: November 2022

Is it possible to understand the acts of listening and reading as creative processes and if so, which types of knowledge do these acts generate? By collocating the creativity thinkers Christopher Frayling and Niels Lehmann(and through him, Edward de Bono), the paper presents a phenomenologically inspired method that understands listening and reading as creative processes. One of the points of the paper is to investigate if and how creativity thinking is perhaps imbued with implicit dimensions like spatiality and non-linearity.
Birgitte Stougaard Pedersen drøfter, hvordan kunstneriske og videnskabelige praksisformer kan relateres uden at medieres. Med artiklen indtager Stougaard Nielsen en fænomenologisk position, som bl.a. slår til lyd for, at lyttestrategier kan struktureres metodisk – med kreative greb – som ‘rand’semantiske, fænomenologiske dimensioner. Artiklen undersøger operative og teoretiske aspekter af kreative læse- og lyttestrategier og drøfter muligheden for at træde ind i og ud af rollen som fænomenologisk lyttende betragter.
Kreative tragikere
Authors: Christoffersen Erik Exe 
Published: November 2022

The focus of this paper is on a set of creative contraint strategies conceived and used by Mogens Rukov, head of The National Film School of Denmark (Den Danske Filmskole), as well as directors Lars von Trier and Jørgen Leth. As an example of the creative function of arbitrary gaming rules, or creative constraints, the paper presents and analyses a joint movie by Trier and Leth, The Five Obstructions (2003). The paper further argues that obstructions are vital to creative processes in both project organisation and management in general.
Christoffersen analyserer de kreative begrænsningsstrategier, der er blevet brugt og udtænkt af leder af manuskriptuddannelsen på Den Danske Filmskole, Mogens Rukov, og af instruktørerne Lars von Trier og Jørgen Leth. Endvidere analyseres Trier og Leths film De fem benspænd (2003) for dens brug af arbitrære spilleregler i en kreativ proces. Christoffersen ser dels benspænds-æstetikken som udtryk for en tragikers kreative taktik og dels som det såkaldte projektmenneskes taktiske håndtering af projektsamfundets udfordringer.
Educating for the Anthropocene
Authors: Sutoris Peter 
Published: November 2022

The work of environmental educators and activists in India and South Africa offers new models for schooling and environmental activism.
Education has never played as critical a role in determining humanity's future as it does in the Anthropocene, an era marked by humankind's unprecedented control over the natural environment. Drawing on a multisited ethnographic project among schools and activist groups in India and South Africa, Peter Sutoris explores education practices in the context of impoverished, marginal communities where environmental crises intersect with colonial and racist histories and unsustainable practices. He exposes the depoliticizing effects of schooling and examines cross-generational knowledge transfer within and beyond formal education. Finally, he calls for the bridging of schooling and environmental activism, to find answers to the global environmental crisis.
The onset of the Anthropocene challenges the very definition of education and its fundamental goals, says Sutoris. Researchers must look outside conventional models and practices of education for inspiration if education is to live up to its responsibilities at this critical time. For decades, environmental activist movements in some countries have wrestled with questions of responsibility and action in the face of environmental destruction; they inhabited the mental world of the Anthropocene before much of the rest of the world. Sutoris highlights an innovative research methodology of participatory observational filmmaking, describing how films made by children in the Indian and South African communities provide a window into the ways that young people make sense of the future of the Anthropocene. It is through their capacity to imagine the world differently, Sutoris argues, that education can reinvent itself.
How Knowledge Grows
Authors: Haufe Chris 
Published: November 2022

An argument that the development of scientific practice and growth of scientific knowledge are governed by Darwin's evolutionary model of descent with modification.
Although scientific investigation is influenced by our cognitive and moral failings as well as all of the factors impinging on human life, the historical development of scientific knowledge has trended toward an increasingly accurate picture of an increasing number of phenomena. Taking a fresh look at Thomas Kuhn's 1962 work, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, in How Knowledge Grows Chris Haufe uses evolutionary theory to explain both why scientific practice develops the way it does and how scientific knowledge expands. This evolutionary model, claims Haufe, helps to explain what is epistemically special about scientific knowledge: its tendency to grow in both depth and breadth.
Kuhn showed how intellectual communities achieve consensus in part by discriminating against ideas that differ from their own and isolating themselves intellectually from other fields of inquiry and broader social concerns. These same characteristics, says Haufe, determine a biological population's degree of susceptibility to modification by natural selection. He argues that scientific knowledge grows, even across generations of variable groups of scientists, precisely because its development is governed by Darwinian evolution. Indeed, he supports the claim that this susceptibility to modification through natural selection helps to explain the epistemic power of certain branches of modern science. In updating and expanding the evolutionary approach to scientific knowledge, Haufe provides a model for thinking about science that acknowledges the historical contingency of scientific thought while showing why we nevertheless should trust the results of scientific research when it is the product of certain kinds of scientific communities.
Richard Riemerschmid's Extraordinary Living Things
Authors: Hartzell Freyja 
Published: November 2022

How Richard Riemerschmid's designs of everyday—but “extraordinary”—objects recalibrate our understanding of modernism.
At the beginning of the twentieth century, German artist Richard Riemerschmid (1868–1957) was known as a symbolist painter and, by the advent of World War I, had become an important modern architect. This, however, the first English-language book on Riemerschmid, celebrates his understudied legacy as a designer of everyday objects—furniture, tableware, clothing—that were imbued with an extraordinary sense of vitality and even personality. Freyja Hartzell makes a case for the importance of Riemerschmid's designed objects in the development of modern design—and for the power of everyday things to change the way we live our lives, understand history, and design our future. Hartzell offers for the first time an interpretive history of Riemerschmid's design practice embedded in a fresh examination of modernism told by the objects themselves.
Hartzell explores Riemerschmid's early drawings, paintings, and prints; his interiors and housewares, which represent a modernist shift from exclusive image to accessible object; his designs for women's clothing; his immensely popular wooden furniture; his serially produced ceramics and their appeal to German nationalism of the period; and his complex and compelling pattern designs for textiles and wallpapers, the only part of his creative practice that spanned his entire career. Riemerschmid, Hartzell writes, was at his most inventive, playful, and free when designing things for everyday use. His uniquely designed forms allow us to recognize the utilitarian object not just as a tool but as an individual being—a thing with a soul.
Infección natural por SARS-CoV-2 en gatos y perros domésticos de personas con diagnóstico de COVID-19 en el Valle de Aburrá, Antioquia
Authors: Cabrera Azucena , González-Álvarez Dubán , Gutiérrez Luz A. , Díaz Francisco J. , Forero Diego , Rodas Juan David 
Published: November 2022

Introducción. El síndrome respiratorio agudo grave causado por el nuevo coronavirus SARSCoV-2 es causa de la emergencia sanitaria por la pandemia de COVID-19. Si bien el humano es el el principal huésped vulnerable, en estudios experimentales y reportes de infección natural, se han encontrado casos de zoonosis inversa de SARS-CoV-2 en animales.Objetivo. Evaluar la infección natural por SARS-CoV-2 en gatos y perros de propietarios con diagnóstico de COVID-19 en el Valle de Aburrá, Antioquia, Colombia.Materiales y métodos. La circulación del SARS-CoV-2 se evaluó por RT-qPCR y RT-PCR en muestras de frotis nasofaríngeos y orofaríngeos de gatos y perros cuyos propietarios se encontraban dentro del periodo de los 14 días de aislamiento. Los casos positivos se verificaron amplificando fragmentos de los genes RdRp, N y E; se secuenció el gen RdRp y se analizó filogenéticamente.Resultados. De 80 animales evaluados, seis gatos y tres perros fueron casos confirmados de infección natural por SARS-CoV-2. Los animales no presentaron signos clínicos y sus propietarios, que padecían la infección, reportaron únicamente signos leves de la enfermedad sin complicaciones clínicas. En el análisis de una de las secuencias, se encontró un polimorfismo de un solo nucleótido (SNP) con un cambio en la posición 647, con sustitución del aminoácido serina (S) por una isoleucina (I). Los casos se presentaron en los municipios de Caldas, Medellín y Envigado.Conclusiones. Se infiere que la infección natural en los gatos y perros se asocia al contacto directo con un paciente con COVID-19. No obstante, no es posible determinar la virulencia del virus en este huésped, ni su capacidad de transmisión zoonótica o entre especie.
Regeneration of tree species after 11 years of canopy gap creation and deer exclusion in a warm temperate broad-leaved forest over-browsed by sika deer
Authors: Ang Jeffery, Meng Ann , Kusumoto Dai , Mitsugi Mitsukazu , Suzuki Maki 
Published: November 2022

Deer overpopulation is a major threat to forest ecosystems worldwide resulting in loss of natural vegetation cover and increased sapling mortality. To resolve this problem of deer overpopulation, different strategies such as deer exclusion and gap creation have been explored to determine more efficient methods to restore deer-damaged forest ecosystems. In the current study, we applied a 2 × 2 factorial design of four different treatment groups in warm temperate secondary forests: closed canopy with deer as control, closed canopy without deer, clearcut with deer and clearcut without deer. We compared the decadal change in tree foliar cover and tree species richness among treatment groups to assess tree regeneration success. We also selected six tree species (Abies firma, Quercus acuta, Eurya japonica, Cinnamomum tenuifolium, Castanopsis sieboldii and Neolitsea sericea) that are common in the studied region and compared their regeneration success among the treatment groups. In the absence of deer, clearcutting increased the diversity of tree species and accelerated sapling growth, while under closed canopy conditions sapling heights did not exceed two meters. Tree saplings tended to be less abundant in treatments with deer compared to their counterpart, suggesting limited successful recruitment of saplings at the current deer density (10–13.5 deer km−2). In clearcut-with-deer treatment, non-tree species became abundant, and negatively affected recruitment of tree species as was suggested by regression analysis. However, these general trends were not equal for all tree species. Although clearcut-without-deer treatment facilitated sapling recruitment of all six tree species, Q. acuta, C. tenuifolium and C. sieboldii required deer exclusion for sapling recruitment while A. firma, N. sericea and E. japonica required increased light availability. Consequently, informed decisions can be made by identifying whether certain tree species are capable of naturally recruiting without human intervention and how best to ensure successful recruitment if necessary. By implementing effective strategies, time and resources will be saved, and management goals such as reestablishing tree cover rapidly and increasing tree species diversity can be achieved.
Use of US Food and Drug Administration Expedited Drug Development and Review Programs by Orphan and Nonorphan Novel Drugs Approved From 2008 to 2021
Authors: Monge Andrea N. , Sigelman Daniel W. , Temple Robert J. , Chahal Harinder Singh 
Published: November 2022

ImportanceThe US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has 4 programs that can be used alone or in combination to expedite drug availability: Accelerated Approval, Breakthrough Therapy, Fast Track, and Priority Review. Drugs using these programs can include novel drugs, which do not contain a previously FDA-approved active moiety, and orphan drugs, intended for diseases or conditions affecting fewer than 200 000 people; to date, no comprehensive evaluation of how these programs have been used in combination has been published.ObjectiveTo assess how often and in what combinations expedited programs are used in the development and review of approved novel biologics and small-molecule drugs, stratified by orphan drug status and indication.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study evaluated all novel drugs that were FDA approved between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2021.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was the frequency with which expedited programs were used and in what combinations, stratified by orphan drug status and drug type (small molecule vs therapeutic biologic). The unit of analysis was the novel drug–indication pair because a drug can be approved for multiple indications, each of which may use a different expedited program or differ in orphan drug status.ResultsThe study included 581 novel drug–indication pairs approved during the 14-year study period; 252 (43.4%) were orphan drugs, 139 (23.9%) were therapeutic biologics, and 442 (76.1%) were small-molecule drugs. Use of at least 1 expedited program increased from 11 of 26 drug-indication pairs (42.3%) in 2008 to 41 of 55 (74.5%) in 2021. Of the 363 approved drug-indication pairs using at least 1 expedited program, 225 (62.0%) were orphan drugs; at least 1 expedited program was used by 97 of the 139 approved biologic drugs (69.8%) and by 266 of the 442 approved small-molecule drugs (60.2%). Eighty-two of the 581 novel drug–indication pairs (14.1%) used the Accelerated Approval Program; of those, 65 (79.3%) were oncology drugs and 70 (85.4%) had an orphan designation.Conclusions and RelevanceThe study showed that use of the FDA’s expedited programs to bring novel drugs to market in the US increased from 2008 to 2021. The findings suggest that this trend is likely to continue.
Association of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Analogue Use With Subsequent Use of Gender-Affirming Hormones Among Transgender Adolescents
Authors: Nos Andrea L. , Klein David A. , Adirim Terry A. , Schvey Natasha A. , Hisle-Gorman Elizabeth , Susi Apryl , Roberts Christina M. 
Published: November 2022

ImportanceGonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue (GnRHa) use during puberty improves mental health among transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) adolescents. In previous studies, most (96.5%-98.1%) TGD adolescents who started GnRHa subsequently started gender-affirming hormones (GAH), raising concerns that GnRHa use promotes later use of GAH.ObjectiveTo determine whether GnRHa use among TGD adolescents is associated with increased subsequent GAH use.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis is a retrospective cohort study of administrative records collected between 2009 and 2018. The current analysis was completed in August 2022. Participants were enrolled in the US Military Healthcare System (MHS) with an initial TGD-related encounter occurring between ages 10 and 17 years.ExposuresGnRHa use.Main Outcomes and MeasuresInitiation of GAH.ResultsThe 434 patients were a mean (SD) of 15.4 (1.6) years old at the time of their first TGD-related encounter; 312 (71.9%) were assigned female at birth, and 300 (69.1%) had an enlisted insurance sponsor. GnRHa use was more common among patients who were assigned male at birth (28 patients [23.0%]) than those assigned female (42 patients [13.5%]), but GAH use was not. Socioeconomic status was not associated with GnRHa or GAH use. Compared with older patients (aged 14-17 years), those who were younger (aged 10-13 years) at the time of the initial TGD-related encounter had a higher rate of GnRHa use (32 patients [57.1%] vs 38 patients [10.1%]) and a longer median time to starting GAH. The median interval from the date of the initial encounter to starting GAH decreased over time, from 2.3 years (95% CI, 1.7-2.8 years) between October 2009 and December 2014 to 0.6 years (95% CI, 0.5-0.6 years) between September 2016 and April 2018. Patients who were prescribed GnRHa had a longer median time to starting GAH (1.8 years; 95% CI, 1.1-2.4 years) than patients who were not (1.0 years; 95% CI, 0.8-1.2 years) and were less likely to start GAH during the 6 years after their first TGD-related encounter (hazard ratio, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.37-0.71). Among 54 younger (aged 10-13 years) patients who were not eligible to start GAH at their first encounter, GnRHa use was associated with a longer median time to starting GAH, but age at the first TGD-related visit was not.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of TGD adolescents, GnRHa use was not associated with increased subsequent GAH use. These findings suggest that clinicians can offer the benefits of GnRHa treatment without concern for increasing rates of future GAH use.
Clinical commissioning of an adaptive radiotherapy platform: Results and recommendations
Authors: Kisling Kelly , Keiper Timothy D. , Branco Daniela , Kim Grace Gwe‐Ya , Moore Kevin L , Ray Xenia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOnline adaptive radiotherapy platforms present a unique challenge for commissioning as guidance is lacking and specialized adaptive equipment, such as deformable phantoms, are rare. We designed a novel adaptive commissioning process consisting of end‐to‐end tests using standard clinical resources. These tests were designed to simulate anatomical changes regularly observed at patient treatments. The test results will inform users of the magnitude of uncertainty from on‐treatment changes during the adaptive workflow and the limitations of their systems. We implemented these tests for the cone‐beam computed tomography (CT)‐based Varian Ethos online adaptive platform.Many adaptive platforms perform online dose calculation on a synthetic CT (synCT). To assess the impact of the synCT generation and online dose calculation on dosimetric accuracy, we conducted end‐to‐end tests using commonly available equipment: a CIRS IMRT Thorax phantom, PinPoint ionization chamber, Gafchromic film, and bolus. Four clinical scenarios were evaluated: weight gain and weight loss were simulated by adding and removing bolus, internal target shifts were simulated by editing the CTV during the adaptive workflow to displace it, and changes in gas were simulated by removing and reinserting rods in varying phantom locations. The effect of overriding gas pockets during planning was also assessed.All point dose measurements agreed within 2.7% of the calculated dose, with one exception: a scenario simulating gas present in the planning CT, not overridden during planning, and dissipating at treatment. Relative film measurements passed gamma analysis (3%/3 mm criteria) for all scenarios. Our process validated the Ethos dose calculation for online adapted treatment plans. Based on our results, we made several recommendations for our clinical adaptive workflow. This commissioning process used commonly available equipment and, therefore, can be applied in other clinics for their respective online adaptive platforms.