bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bacterial plasmid-associated and chromosomal proteins have fundamentally different properties in protein interaction networks
Authors: Downing Tim , Rahm Alexander 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Plasmids facilitate horizontal gene transfer, which enables the diversification of pathogens into new anatomical and environmental niches, implying that plasmid-encoded genes can cooperate well with chromosomal genes. We hypothesise that such mobile genes are functionally different to chromosomal ones due to this ability to encode non-essential functions like antimicrobial resistance and traverse distinct host cells. The effect of plasmid-driven gene gain on protein-protein interaction network topology is an important question in this area. Moreover, the extent to which these chromosomally- and plasmid-encoded proteins interact with proteins from their own groups compared to the levels with the other group remains unclear. Here, we examined the incidence and protein-protein interactions of all known plasmid-encoded genes across representative specimens from most bacteria using all available plasmids. We found that such plasmid-encoded genes constitute ~0.65% of the total number of genes per bacterial sample, and that plasmid genes are preferentially associated with different species but had limited taxonomical power beyond this. Surprisingly, plasmid-encoded proteins had both more protein-protein interactions compared to chromosomal proteins, countering the hypothesis that genes with higher mobility rates should have fewer protein-level interactions. Nonetheless, topological analysis and investigation of the protein-protein interaction networks' connectivity and change in the number of independent components demonstrated that the plasmid-encoded proteins had limited overall impact in >96% of samples. This paper assembled extensive data on plasmid-encoded proteins, their interactions and associations with diverse bacterial specimens that is available for the community to investigate in more detail.
Seasonality and intra-thallus variation of the antioxidant capacity in beach cast holopelagic Sargassum from the Mexican Caribbean
Authors: Mollineda Adrián Fagundo , Robledo Daniel , Vásquez-Elizondo Román Manuel , Freile-Pelegrín Yolanda 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In the last decade, massive events of Sargassum influx have been reported causing ecological and economic damages. In this study, we evaluated the antioxidant potential of the holopelagic species S. fluitans, S. natans I, and S. natans VIII that arrived during 2018–2019 on the Mexican Caribbean coast. The seasonality and intra-thallus variation (axes, leaves, and vesicles) of the total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity were determined in algal crude extracts. The antioxidant potential was assessed using a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay, a 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) free radical scavenging assay and a ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. All Sargassum species showed radical scavenging and reducing power due to their polyphenol content, but also due to the presence of other antioxidant metabolites such as mannitol, alginate, and fucoidan as observed in the 13C-NMR spectra. In the summer months, coinciding with elevated seawater temperatures and the highest solar irradiances, the antioxidant capacity and the TPC in all Sargassum species were enhanced. For all the holopelagic species of Sargassum studied, the highest TPC was obtained in the axes rather than in the vesicles or leaves. The results suggest that invasive Sargassum biomass in the Mexican Caribbean contains different compounds with antioxidant properties and could be considered, especially in the summer months, as a natural alternative to synthetic antioxidants.
Protective Effect of SIRT1-mediated NF-κB Signal Pathway against Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Neonatal Mice
Authors: Zhang Rui-Bo , Ren Lan , Ding De-Ping , Wang Heng-Dong , Peng Juan , Zheng Kun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective
To discover the mechanism of Sirtuin1 (SIRT1)-mediated NF-κB pathway in the protection of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in neonatal mice.
Methods
Neonatal mice were treated with EX527 (an inhibitor of SIRT1) and/or pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC, an inhibitor of NF-κB). The survival rate of mice was recorded. Hematoxylin & eosin (HE) staining was performed to observe the pathological changes of intestines. Furthermore, western blotting, Enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA), and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were conducted to measure the protein and gene expression, while corresponding kits to detect the levels of oxidative stress indicators.
Results
PDTC increased the survival rate of NEC mice. When compared with the NEC + EX527 + PDTC group, the histological score of NEC was higher in the NEC + EX527 group but was lower in the NEC + PDTC group. SIRT1 expression in the intestines of NEC mice was down-regulated, with an increase in p65 nuclear translocation. Also, MDA increased and GPx decreased in the intestines of NEC mice, with the up-regulations of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α, as well as the down-regulations of ZO-1, occludin and claudin-4 in the intestines. However, changes above could be improved by PDTC, which would be further reversed by EX527.
Conclusion
SIRT1 could mitigate inflammation and oxidative stress response and improve the intestinal permeability by mediating NF-κB pathway, playing an important role in the alleviation of NEC.
Validity of the evaluation using the frame subtraction method in dynamic postural stability
Authors: Ota Megumi , Tateuchi Hiroshige , Hashiguchi Takaya , Fujiwara Karen , Sasaki Ayano , Okumura Kiseki , Ichihashi Noriaki 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
BackgroundMovement of target subjects can be calculated using the frame subtraction method. However, the validity of this evaluation method of dynamic postural stability has not been clarified yet. This study aimed to verify the validity of the evaluation method for jump landing using the frame subtraction score based on the ground reaction force (GRF). MethodsTwenty subjects performed single leg jump landing, and their dynamic postural stability index (DPSI), medial-lateral stability index (MLSI), anterior-posterior stability index (APSI), and vertical stability index (VSI) were calculated from the GRF. Simultaneously, motion images were taken using digital video cameras in the sagittal and frontal planes. After the motion images were analyzed using the frame subtraction method, the frame subtraction scores on the frontal, sagittal, and combined planes were calculated. To confirm its validity, the relationship between the frame subtraction scores with GRF parameters was investigated using Pearson's correlation analysis. ResultsThe frame subtraction scores on the frontal and combined planes were significantly correlated with DPSI, MLSI and VSI (r = 0.46–0.75, P < 0.05). ConclusionsTherefore, the frame subtraction method could be applied to the evaluation of dynamic postural stability. Markerless or sensorless systems are deemed to be useful in clinical practice.
Application and practice of bilingual English-Chinese in undergraduate medical student education of endocrine system integration course
Authors: Zheng Xiaoya , Long Jian , Cheng Qingfeng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Aims
To evaluate the application of bilingual English-Chinese in undergraduate medical student education of endocrine system integration course.
Methods
The study was conducted at Chongqing Medical University from September 2020 to January 2022. Participated students were divided into two groups (A and B). Group A (n = 574) underwent teaching with the traditional Chinese education method, while Group B (n = 581) underwent teaching with the reformed bilingual English-Chinese education method. The effects of bilingual English-Chinese education method for endocrine system integration course teaching were evaluated by theoretical test and questionnaires.
Results
After the bilingual teaching reform, the proportion of bilingual teaching hour accounts for 51.6% of the total theoretical teaching hours. In terms of the basic condition of bilingual teaching, more than 80% of students have passed the National College English Test. Most of students thought it was necessory to applicate bilingual teaching and the purpose of the teaching reform was clear. Improtant factors affecting the effect of bilingual teaching include the student and teacher’s English level and students’ preview and review of the class. In bilingual teaching, 20–30% usage of English is an acceptable ratio for most of the students. Lecture and practice combination is a good model of bilingual teaching. The best method of teaching effectiveness assessment is that the key knowledge points English proposition and Chinese answer. On the premise that there was no significant difference in the quality of the theoretical test papers between the two groups, the theoretical scores of group B were significantly higher than those of group A (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
The bilingual English-Chinese education method may help to improve students’ ability in endocrine system integration course and appears suitable for endocrine system integration course teaching.
Ultra-long air-stability of n-type carbon nanotube films with low thermal conductivity and all-carbon thermoelectric generators
Authors: Amma Yuki , Miura Katsuma , Nagata Sho , Nishi Tsuyoshi , Miyake Shugo , Miyazaki Koji , Takashiri Masayuki 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This report presents n-type Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) films with ultra-long air stability using a cationic surfactant and demonstrates that the n-type Seebeck coefficient can be maintained for more than two years, which is the highest stability reported thus far to the best of our knowledge. Furthermore, the SWCNT films exhibit an extremely low thermal conductivity of 0.62 ± 0.08 W/(m·K) in the in-plane direction, which is very useful for thin-film TEGs. We fabricated all-carbon-nanotube TEGs, which use p-type SWCNT films and the n-type SWCNT films developed, and their air-stability was investigated. The TEGs did not degrade for 160 days and exhibited an output voltage of 24 mV, with a maximum power of 0.4 uW at a temperature difference of 60 K. These results open a pathway to enable the widespread use of carbon nanotube TEGs as power sources in IoT sensors.
Femtosecond tunable solitons up to 4.8 µm using soliton self-frequency shift in an InF3 fiber.
Authors: Gauthier Jean-Christophe , Olivier Michel , Paradis Pascal , Dumas Marie-Frédérique , Bernier Martin , Vallée Réal 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A tunable ultrashort soliton pulse source reaching up to 4.8 µm is demonstrated based on a 2.8 µm femtosecond fiber lasercoupled to a zirconium fluoride fiber amplifier followed by a small core indium fluoride fiber.This demonstration is extendingby 500 nm the long wavelength limit previously reported with soliton self-frequency shift (SSFS) sources based on fluoridefibers. Our experimental and numerical investigation highlighted the spectral dynamics associated with the generation of highlyredshifted pulses in the MIR using SSFS enhanced by soliton fission. This study is intended at providing a better understandingof the potential and limitations of SSFS based tunable femtosecond fiber sources in the 3-5 µm spectral range.
Self-Supervised Overlapped Multiple Weed and Crop Species Leaf Segmentation under Complex Light Condition
Authors: Mishra Anand Muni , Kaur Prabhjot , Singh Mukund Pratap , Singh Santar Pal 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Weeds are unwanted plants that compete with target crops and absorbed the required nutrients from the soil, sunlight, air, etc. The farmers are suffering from weed identification detection due to the homogeneous morphological feature of weed and crop leaves. Computer vision is a sophisticated technique which widely used for weed and crop leaves identification and detection in the agricultural field. This work has used the three different datasets such as “Deep weed”, “Crop Weed Filed Image Dataset” (CWFID), and “Leaf Segmentation Challenge” (LSC), and collected 5090 images for training the model. In this work we have used three grass species as Setariaverticillata, Digitariasanguinalis, Echinochloa crus-Galli, and three broad leaf species as Cerastiumvulgatum L.,Chenopodiumalbums, Amaranthusretroflexus in Vignamungo crops. The first dataset includes 2000, the second 1720 images, and 1370 images from the third dataset. We have proposed a deep learning segmentation model as PSPNet-U-SegNet for data classification and compared the data accuracy from existing segmentation models such as U-SegNet, and U-SegNet.Theresult has been shown the deep weed dataset has achieved98.97% data accuracy and 8.9m IoU. Our findings demonstrate that adding more datasets to the actual field picture collection improves network performance while requiring less manual annotation work.
Early Life Influences on the Development of Food Addiction in College Attending Young Adults
Authors: Wattick Rachel A. , Olfert Melissa D , Claydon Elizabeth , Hagedorn-Hatfield Rebecca L. , Barr Makenzie L. , Brodie Cassie 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
There is little investigation into the causes of food addiction. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of early life influences on the development of food addiction in college-attending young adults aged 18–29.
Methods
This study utilized a sequential explanatory mixed-methods research design. College-attending young adults were invited to complete an online survey measuring ACEs, food addiction, depression, anxiety, stress, and demographic information. Correlations between food addiction and the other variables were analyzed and significant variables were placed into a nominal logistic regression model to predict the development of food addiction. Participants who met the criteria for food addiction were invited to participate in interviews to examine their childhood eating environment and when their symptoms emerged. Interviews were transcribed and thematically analyzed. Quantitative analysis was conducted using JMP Pro Version 16.0 and qualitative analysis was conducted using NVIVO Software Version 12.0.
Results
Survey respondents [n = 1645] had an overall 21.9% prevalence of food addiction. Significant correlations were observed between food addiction and ACEs, depression, anxiety, stress, and sex [p < .01 for all]. Depression was the only significant predictor of the development of food addiction [OR = 3.33 95% CI 2.19, 5.05]. The most common eating environment described by interview participants [n = 36] was an emphasis on diet culture, ideal body image, and restrictive environments. Symptoms frequently emerged after transitioning into college and having the ability to make their own food choices.
Conclusion
These results show the impact of early life eating environments and young adulthood mental health on the development of food addiction. These findings contribute to the understanding of underlying causes of food addiction.
Percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion: impact on left atrial deformation indices
Authors: Dippenaar Andries P. , Saaiman Jan A. , Heradien Marshall J. , Brink Paul A. , Bijl Pieter van der 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) is an accepted alternative to thromboprophylaxis in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who are: i) intolerant to oral anticoagulation (OAC) (e.g. life-threatening haemorrhage), ii) non-adherent to OAC, or iii) at a high bleeding risk with OAC. Improvement in LA mechanics was shown post-LAAO in the LAFIT-LARIAT study, using the Lariat device. No significant change was seen in LA mechanics after LAAO with the Watchman device in the LAFIT-Watchman study. The impact of LAAO with the Amplatz or Amulet device on LA deformation mechanics has not been investigated.Purpose: To evaluate the impact of LAAO with the Amplatz or Amulet device on echocardiographic LA deformation indices.Methods: All patients undergoing percutaneous LAAO from 2013 to 2021 at a single centre were included from an ongoing clinical registry. LA reservoir (εreservoir), conduit (εconduit) and contractile strain (εcontractile) and strain rate (SRreservoir, SRconduit, SRcontractile) were assessed with two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography from an apical four-chamber view. Conduit and contractile strain and strain rates were only recorded for patients without AF at the time of echocardiography. Changes in LA deformation indices over time were compared with a linear mixed model.Results: 28 LAAO recipients (mean age 73±12 years, 68% male) were analysed. 5 (18%) patients had AF pre- or post-procedure. After a mean follow-up of 1.6±1.4 months, the mean LA εreservoir increased from 10.15±6.44% to 10.18±8.72% (p=0.985), the mean LA εconduit increased from 5.12±5.48% to 5.31±6.11% (p=0.891) and the mean LA εcontractile decreased from 5.14±4.32% to 4.95±5.30% (p=0.898). During the same time interval, the mean LA SRreservoir decreased from +0.54±0.23.s-1 to +0.48±0.43.s-1 (p=0.566), the mean LA SRconduit remained stable: -0.47±0.41.s-1 to -0.47±0.32.s-1 (p=0.997) and the mean LA SRcontractile decreased from -0.66±0.50.s-1 to -0.55±0.46.s-1 (p=0.660).Conclusions: No significant improvement in LA mechanical function was seen after LAAO with the Amplatz or Amulet device. Different LAAO devices therefore appear to have divergent effects on LA deformation, the clinical implications of which may warrant further study.
Earthworm-inspired MASH (Multi-material, Adaptive Strain-limiting, Hybrid) Actuators for Soft Robots
Authors: Xiong Quan , Ang Benjamin , Jin Tao , Ambrose Jonathan , Hua Yeow 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This research presents a new class of versatile multi-material hybrid actuators, powered by pneumatics and electrostatic adhesion (EA) based adaptive strain-limiting layers. Soft pneumatic actuators with strain-limiting layers as the mainstream actuation for soft robotics have been developed for decades. However, due to their permanent strain-limiting layers, those actuators possess fewer motion patterns. Inspired by the longitudinal muscles of the earthworm, we present a concept of an adaptive strain-limiting layer with the ability to vary its length, stiffness and position. By integrating two flexible EA brakes into a soft pneumatic actuator as adaptive strain-limiting layers, the actuator can achieve multiple motion patterns including extension, contraction and bilateral bending, with permutations amongst these motions. The EA-based strain-limiting layer can increase the original actuator length by up to 86%, and the baseline actuator stiffness by up to 605%. To demonstrate its potential in locomotion and manipulation, we developed an earthworm-inspired crawling robot possessing great terrain adaptability and a versatile soft robotic gripper based on this hybrid actuator concept.
An evaluation of hospitals’ outpatient service quality from patients’ perspective in Shenzhen: A cross- sectional study
Authors: Lin Qian , Hao Horng-Shuh , Zhang Dan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background:Outpatient services plays a large and critical part in China’s hospitals. Quality improvements can be achieved through patients’ perspective, especially the patient experience. There is no consensus on assessment methods and procedures on patient to provide fair and accurate assessments of patient experience. This study was aimed to evaluate hospitals’ outpatient service quality from patients’ perspective.Methods:This study evaluates hospitals’ outpatient service quality from patients’ perspective among 1876 outpatients in 13 Shenzhen tertiary hospitals from June to July, 2019 using a self-established questionnaire.Relative importance of the quality indicators, perceived and expected quality of service rated by outpatients were obtained by analytic hierarchy process. Factors associated with patients’ experience was examined by optimal scaling regression.Results:Assurance was most expected, the dimensions patient perceived best and worst were Assurance and Safety, and the widest two gaps exist in Reliability and Empathy. Negative gaps were found existing in all dimensions and indicators. Background characteristics and hospital natural were found significantly different in each dimension of outpatient service quality. Overall impression and willingness to recommend both significantly correlate with age, education level, visits frequency, source of cost,region and visiting forms.Conclusions:Our research evaluated outpatient service quality from the outpatients’ perspective and focused on their experiences. The indicator system passed reliability and validity test, and its findings are partly consistent with many satisfaction surveys done in China. The overall patient experience in our study is not ideal, but overall impression and willingness to recommend are high. Service quality can be improved according to the relative importance of each indicator, patient expectation and perception, and associated factors. Patient experience should be used for hospital managers to drive patient-centered care.
Hepatic Failure Associated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Real-world Study from the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) Database
Authors: Xu Ye , Yan Cilin , Zhao Ying , Li Dandan , Guo Mingxing , Cui Xiangli 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Although Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) associated liver damage usually presented as mild elevations of liver enzymes, hepatic failure induced by ICIs have been reported in only a few case series and case reports.
Objective
We aimed to explore the association between ICIs and hepatic failure, and characterize the clinical features of ICI-associated hepatic failure in the real-world database.
Methods
Data from the first quarter (Q1) of 2015 to the fourth quarter (Q4) of 2021 in the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database were retrieved for disproportionality and bayesian analysis. Reporting odds ratios (ROR) and information component (IC) were used to evaluate correlations between ICIs and hepatic failure.
Results
A total of 654 reports of ICI-associated hepatic failure were identified. The overall median time from ICIs initiation to hepatic failure onset was 38 days, and 72.3% of the adverse events occurred within the first 3 months. Death cases accounted for 68.65%. Generally, a strong signal was shown between ICIs and hepatic failure (ROR025 = 2.70, IC025 = 1.39). For three categories of ICIs, anti-PD-1s (ROR025 = 2.54, IC025 = 1.32) had a higher risk signal than anti-PD-L1s and anti-CTLA-4s. For monotherapy, atezolizumab showed the strongest risk signal (ROR025 = 4.07, IC025 = 1.90). The combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab showed stronger signals of hepatic failure compared with nivolumab or ipilimumab alone(nivolumab + ipilimumab vs. ipilimumab: ROR025 = 1.40, IC025 = 0.16; nivolumab + ipilimumab vs. nivolumab: ROR025 = 1.24, IC025 = 0.34). Considering the concomitant used agents with ICIs, the majority of these regimens showed stronger signals than ICI monotherapy, such as acetaminophen (ICIs + acetaminophen vs. ICIs: ROR025 = 1.06, IC025 = 0.32).
Conclusion
ICIs had possible strong signals associated with hepatic failure, and most cases of hepatic failure occurred within the first three months and had poor outcomes, which should attract clinical attention.