bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Old and new damage‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) in autoimmune diseases
Authors: Kang Na , Liu Xiaohang , Haneef Kabeer , Liu Wanli 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAll organisms living in complex environments have evolved effective mechanisms of dynamic responses to extracellular stimuli. The immune system activates when damaged or injured cells release damage‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). In addition to well‐characterized DAMPs such as high‐mobility group box 1 and adenosine triphosphate, studies on new classes of DAMPs have emerged. Here, we review recent reports of a new class of isoprenoid‐derived DAMPs, including farnesyl pyrophosphate and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate, both of which are pivotal metabolic intermediates of the mevalonate pathway. We also explore the roles of old and new DAMPs in autoimmune diseases that result from dysregulated inflammation. The findings highlight that understanding the functional mechanisms of DAMPs is important to enrich the DAMP family and decipher their immunoregulatory mechanisms to provide new therapeutics for the prevention and treatment of autoimmune diseases.
Hareport hazard: Identifying hare activity patterns and increased mammal–aircraft strike risk at an International Airport
Authors: Ball Samantha , Caravaggi Anthony , Butler Fidelma 
Published: August 2022

AbstractReported strike events between wildlife and aircraft are hazardous to aircraft and airfield operations and are increasing globally. To develop effective mitigation strategies, the relative hazard a species poses to aircraft, as well as information relating to its life history, are key to the development of effective mitigation strategies in Wildlife Hazard Management Plans. However, given the complex nature of airfield environments with access restrictions and the presence of sensitive equipment, the collection of high‐quality ecological data can be difficult. Here we use motion‐activated camera traps to collect activity data on a population of Irish hares (Lepus timidus hibernicus) inhabiting the airfield at Dublin International Airport, to investigate the link between hare activity and aircraft activity in relation to hare strikes. Camera traps revealed that the hare population at the airfield largely displayed a bimodal crepuscular activity pattern, with activity peaking at sunrise and at sunset. Recorded hare strike times at the airfield were closely associated with hare activity times with a high temporal overlap between these datasets. In comparison, hare activity and aircraft movement activity had a moderate overlap across all seasons, with strikes peaking at times with low aircraft movements. We demonstrate the importance of understanding the circadian and seasonal activity patterns of hazardous species at airfields for targeted strike mitigation.
Slant path rain attenuation predictions for Ku and Ka band frequencies from rain cell size distribution over a tropical region in southern India
Authors: Kalluru Vishnu Vardhan Reddy , Panigrahi Chandrika , Cherlopalli Vedavathi , Sarangam Vijaya Bhaskara Rao 
Published: August 2022

SummaryRain cell size distribution that provides an insight into the modelling of effective slant path length and also imperative for site diversity studies are carried out for a tropical inland location, Tirupati (13.6°N, 76.3°E), India. Rain cell size distribution obtained from 5 years (2013–2015 and 2017–2018) of Parsivel disdrometer measurements is observed to follow the power law. Reduction factor that accounts for the inhomogeneity of the rain along the propagation path for the region of study is modified in terms of the rain cell size distribution of the area. Slant path rain attenuation, a major propagation impediment at Ku and Ka‐band links, is then studied using the results from the regional rain characteristics by modifying the CCIR 564‐4 report. The attenuation results are compared with Garcia‐Lopez, Excell, Bryant, and Ramachandran models while considering the ITU‐R P. 618‐13 as the standard model.
A multi‐method exploration of mindfulness as a coping tool: Perspectives from trauma‐exposed, unhoused women residing at a drug treatment facility
Authors: Garfin Dana Rose , Amador Alexandra , Osorio Jessica , Ruivivar Krista Sadiwa , Torres April , Nyamathi Adeline M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis multi‐method study examined perspectives on mindfulness and coping strategies used by trauma‐exposed women experiencing homelessness (WEH), residing in a state‐funded residential drug treatment site in Southern California (United States). Questionnaires and in‐depth focus group interviews were utilised to examine traumatic experiences over the lifespan, probable‐posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and coping strategies. Mindfulness was explored as a potential way to improve coping; potential benefits and challenges associated with implementing a mindfulness‐based intervention (MBI) with trauma‐exposed WEH were also investigated. A Community Advisory Board (CAB) was formed to identify key issues experienced by WEH and to develop a semi structured interview guide (SSIG). Using the SSIG, women participated in one of four focus groups (total N = 28; n = 7 per group). Quantitative data on demographic indicators, probable‐PTSD, and trauma exposure were collected. Almost 90% of women met criteria for probable‐PTSD; trauma exposure was exceedingly high; most women had experienced multiple traumas throughout their lives. Four main themes emerged from qualitative analyses, which drew from Grounded Theory and used open, selective, and axial coding: (1) ways of coping with trauma; (2) perspectives on mindfulness; (3) prior experiences with mindfulness; and (4) challenges for conducting a mindfulness programme. Overall, WEH used a variety of coping techniques to deal with their trauma, had some familiarity with mindfulness, and were optimistic an MBI would be helpful, despite identifying several challenges to implementation. MBIs may be helpful adjuncts to traditional care for trauma‐exposed, WEH, recovering from substance use disorder. Population‐specific considerations may improve implementation and participation.
Community‐Based Health Insurance scheme implementation in Ethiopia: A mini‐review on the experience and its implementation process
Authors: Tefera Yonas Getaye , Ayele Asnakew Achaw 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe Community‐Based Health Insurance (CBHI) scheme was introduced in Ethiopia to overcome the population's over‐reliance on direct out‐of‐pocket expenditures for health care and the associated low level of health service utilization. CBHI is an advance payment arrangement, established on the household level, and targeted mainly at informal sectors in rural areas. After a successful 3‐year pilot implementation, the Ethiopian government decided to expand the CBHI scheme implementation. It has received wide interest among community members, especially those living with chronic diseases and perceived impaired family health status. Low enrollment to the scheme was the barrier to its initial expansion due to limited awareness and misconceptions about the program, financial constraints to paying premiums, and dissatisfaction with the health services. The evaluation of CBHI scheme implementation and future implications in Ethiopia could be better seen from both the learning experience during the implementation process and achievements of the policy objectives.
Determination of trace levels of uranium in waste solutions by energy dispersive X‐ray fluorescence following adsorption on graphene oxide
Authors: Yoshii Hiroshi , Uwatoko Tetsuaki , Takahashi Hiroaki , Sakai Yasuhiro 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a rapid X‐ray fluorescence (XRF)‐based screening method for the determination of trace uranium in solutions. In this method, uranium present in a solution was adsorbed onto graphene oxide (GO), which was collected and subjected to XRF analysis. Upon increasing the sodium ion concentration, the aggregation of GO was promoted, facilitating its collection. Since the GO‐collecting membrane filter was significantly larger than the X‐ray irradiation field of the XRF spectrometer, it was folded to 1/3 of its original length and width. The folded membrane filter was sealed to prevent uranium from contaminating the device and to ensure that the folded membrane filter was sufficiently thin. Subsequently, the amount of sodium perchlorate added to the sample solution was optimized to attain a salinity meter reading of 3%. The minimum detection limit (MDL) for uranium using this method was 0.37 ng ml−1, and the time required to simultaneously analyze six samples was approximately 2 h. Converting the MDL to the radioactivity concentration under conservative conditions generated a value of 0.037 mBq cm−3. To demonstrate the applicability of this method, a standard seawater sample was subjected to analysis, and the uranium concentration determined using our calibration curve agreed with the actual value within a margin of error. Therefore, the proposed method is suitable for screening numerous uranium‐contaminated water samples of small volumes.
Double copy for massive scalar field theories
Authors: González Mariana Carrillo , Liang Qiuyue , Trodden Mark 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We explore extensions of the double copy to massive theories and find a new cubic theory with a local double copy. We consider the nonlinear sigma model and the special galileon theory, massless versions of which are known to be related through the double copy. We show that by performing a Kaluza-Klein reduction of these theories from five dimensions down to four, a double copy relation exists between the resulting massive four-dimensional scalar field theories. This requires the vanishing contribution of new galileon terms arising in high dimensions. We further explore if other interactions that do not arise from a dimensional reduction of the nonlinear sigma model could be double copied and find a new cubic interaction which satisfies the BCJ relations up to 5-point amplitudes.
Searching for inelastic dark matter with future LHC experiments
Authors: Bertuzzo Enrico , Scaffidi Andre , Taoso Marco 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We consider a dark sector containing a pair of almost degenerate states coupled to the Standard Model through a dark photon mediator. This set-up constitutes a simple realization of the inelastic dark matter scenario. The heaviest dark state is long-lived, in the limit of a small kinetic mixing among the dark photon and the Standard Model hypercharge gauge boson, and/or of a small mass splitting among the dark states. We study the prospects for detection of this scenario at proposed LHC experiments dedicated to search for long-lived particles, namely FASER, MATHUSLA, CODEX-b, AL3X, MAPP, ANUBIS and FACET. We consider both the cases of fermionic and scalar inelastic dark matter. We show that these experimental facilities can probe unexplored regions of the parameter space of this model, and we highlight their complementary roles.
$$ T\overline{T} $$ deformations in curved space from 4D Chern-Simons theory
Authors: Py Victor 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we shed new light onto $$ T\overline{T} $$
T

T
¯

-deformations by engineering them on 2D surface defects, supporting chiral and antichiral CFT’s, in a 4D Chern-Simons bulk. This approach is motivated by various connections between $$ T\overline{T} $$
T

T
¯

-deformations, gravity and Chern-Simons theory and suggests that the formalism developed in this paper and the gravity picture of $$ T\overline{T} $$
T

T
¯

-deformations should be closely related.
Spacetime evolution during moduli stabilization in radiation dominated era beyond 4D effective theory
Authors: Otsuka Hajime , Sakamura Yutaka 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We investigate the time evolution of the background spacetime during the moduli stabilization process, which is assumed to occur in the radiation dominated era. The setup is basically the Salam-Sezgin model, but we add a potential term for the dilaton in order to stabilize the moduli completely. We numerically solve the higher-dimensional background field equations, including a case that the stabilization process cannot be described within the 4D effective theory. In contrast to the conventional 4D effective theory analysis, we find that when the mass scale of the stabilization is larger than the compactification scale, the radiation contribution to the total energy density remains to be non-negligible for a much longer time than the stabilization time scale. As a result, the non-compact 3D space expands slower than the matter dominated universe. We also find the equation of state for the radiation wrad remains to be smaller than 1/3 for a long time, which indicates that the radiation still feels the extra dimensions for a while even after the moduli are stabilized.
Colony self-shading facilitates Symbiodiniaceae cohabitation in a South Pacific coral community
Authors: Lewis Robert E. , Davy Simon K. , Gardner Stephanie G. , Rongo Teina , Suggett David J. , Nitschke Matthew R. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe ecological success of tropical corals is regulated by symbiotic dinoflagellate algae (Symbiodiniaceae). Corals can associate with multiple Symbiodiniaceae species simultaneously, yet the conditions that permit Symbiodiniaceae cohabitation are not understood. We examined how corals self-shade their own tissues causing within-colony light gradients that drive Symbiodiniaceae photoacclimatory processes and positional genetic disparity. Paired light ‘exposed’ and ‘shaded’ samples from 20 coral species were collected from a shallow coral reef (Rarotonga, Cook Islands). Through active chlorophyll fluorometry, rapid light curves revealed that exposed Symbiodiniaceae exhibited 50% higher values in minimum saturating irradiances and demonstrated a shift towards preferential nonphotochemical quenching [1 – Q], consistent with higher overall light exposure. High-throughput or targeted DNA sequencing of ITS2 and psbAncr markers demonstrated that corals harboured distinct and/or differentially abundant Symbiodiniaceae ITS2 sequences (typically rare in relative abundance) or multiple ITS2 intragenomic variant profiles across shaded vs exposed regions. In Hydnophora cf. microconos, within-colony symbiont genetic disparity was positively correlated with the magnitude of difference in [1 – Q] utilisation. Together, these results suggest that within-colony light gradients produce distinct optical niches that enable symbiont cohabitation via photoadaptation, a phenomenon that is expected to increase the adaptive capacity of corals under future climates.
Accurate quantification of blood flow wall shear stress using simulation-based imaging: a synthetic, comparative study
Authors: Naudet Charles J. , Töger Johannes , Zahr Matthew J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSimulation-based imaging (SBI) is a blood flow imaging technique that optimally fits a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation to low-resolution, noisy magnetic resonance (MR) flow data to produce a high-resolution velocity field. In this work, we study the effectivity of SBI in predicting wall shear stress (WSS) relative to standard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) postprocessing techniques using two synthetic numerical experiments: steady flow through an idealized, two-dimensional stenotic vessel and a model of an adult aorta. In particular, we study the sensitivity of these two approaches with respect to the Reynolds number of the underlying flow, the resolution of the MRI data, and the noise in the MRI data. We found that the SBI WSS reconstruction: (1) is insensitive to Reynolds number over the range considered ($$\mathrm {Re} \le 1000$$

Re
≤
1000

), (2) improves as the amount of MRI data increases and provides accurate reconstructions with as little as three MRI voxels per diameter, and (3) degrades linearly as the noise in the data increases with a slope determined by the resolution of the MRI data. We also consider the sensitivity of SBI to the resolution of the CFD mesh and found there is flexibility in the mesh used for SBI, although the WSS reconstruction becomes more sensitive to other parameters, particularly the resolution of the MRI data, for coarser meshes. This indicates a fundamental trade-off between scan time (i.e., MRI data quality and resolution) and reconstruction time using SBI, which is inherently different than the trade-off between scan time and reconstruction quality observed in standard MRI postprocessing techniques.
Severe congenital myasthenic syndromes caused by agrin mutations affecting secretion by motoneurons
Authors: Jacquier Arnaud , Risson Valérie , Simonet Thomas , Roussange Florine , Lacoste Nicolas , Ribault Shams , Carras Julien , Theuriet Julian , Girard Emmanuelle , Grosjean Isabelle , Le Goff Laure , Kröger Stephan , Meltoranta Julia , Bauché Stéphanie , Sternberg Damien , Fournier Emmanuel , Kostera-Pruszczyk Anna , O’Connor Emily , Eymard Bruno , Lochmüller Hanns , Martinat Cécile , Schaeffer Laurent 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCongenital myasthenic syndromes (CMS) are predominantly characterized by muscle weakness and fatigability and can be caused by a variety of mutations in genes required for neuromuscular junction formation and maintenance. Among them, AGRN encodes agrin, an essential synaptic protein secreted by motoneurons. We have identified severe CMS patients with uncharacterized p.R1671Q, p.R1698P and p.L1664P mutations in the LG2 domain of agrin. Overexpression in primary motoneurons cultures in vitro and in chick spinal motoneurons in vivo revealed that the mutations modified agrin trafficking, leading to its accumulation in the soma and/or in the axon. Expression of mutant agrins in cultured cells demonstrated accumulation of agrin in the endoplasmic reticulum associated with induction of unfolded protein response (UPR) and impaired secretion in the culture medium. Interestingly, evaluation of the specific activity of individual agrins on AChR cluster formation indicated that when secreted, mutant agrins retained a normal capacity to trigger the formation of AChR clusters. To confirm agrin accumulation and secretion defect, iPS cells were derived from a patient and differentiated into motoneurons. Patient iPS-derived motoneurons accumulated mutant agrin in the soma and increased XBP1 mRNA splicing, suggesting UPR activation. Moreover, co-cultures of patient iPS-derived motoneurons with myotubes confirmed the deficit in agrin secretion and revealed a reduction in motoneuron survival. Altogether, we report the first mutations in AGRN gene that specifically affect agrin secretion by motoneurons. Interestingly, the three patients carrying these mutations were initially suspected of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Therefore, in the presence of patients with a clinical presentation of SMA but without mutation in the SMN1 gene, it can be worth to look for mutations in AGRN.
Abdominal hernia mesh repair in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review
Authors: El Boghdady Michael , Ewalds-Kvist Béatrice Marianne , Laliotis Aggelos 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Postoperative hernia-repair complications are frequent in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This fact challenges surgeons’ decision about hernia mesh management in these patients. Therefore, we systematically reviewed the hernia mesh repair in IBD patients with emphasis on risk factors for postoperative complications.

Method
A systematic review was done in compliance with the PRISMA guidelines. A search was carried out on PubMed and ScienceDirect databases. English language articles published from inception to October 2021 were included in this study. MERSQI scores were applied along with evidence grades in agreement with GRADE’s recommendations. The research protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021247185).

Results
The present systematic search resulted in 11,243 citations with a final inclusion of 10 citations. One paper reached high and 4 moderate quality. Patients with IBD exhibit about 27% recurrence after hernia repair. Risk factors for overall abdominal septic morbidity in Crohn’s disease comprised enteroprosthetic fistula, mesh withdrawals, surgery duration, malnutrition biological mesh, and gastrointestinal concomitant procedure.

Conclusion
Patients with IBD were subject, more so than controls to postoperative complications and hernia recurrence. The use of a diversity of mesh types, a variety of position techniques, and several surgical choices in the citations left room for less explicit and more implicit inferences as regards best surgical option for hernia repair in patients with IBD.
Element-level features in conjoint episodes in dual-tasking
Authors: Pelzer Lasse , Naefgen Christoph , Gaschler Robert , Haider Hilde 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe usual way of thinking about dual-tasking is that the participants represent the two tasks separately. However, several findings suggest that the participants rather seem to integrate the elements of both tasks into a conjoint episode. In three experiments, we aimed at further testing this task integration account in dual-tasking. To this end, we investigated how the processing of the previous Trial n-1 shapes the processing of the current Trial n. We observed performance benefits when the stimulus–response mappings of both tasks repeat in consecutive trials (full repetition: FR) as compared to when only one such mapping repeats (partial repetition: PR). In particular, our experiments focused on the question which elements of the two tasks in dual-tasking might be bound together. For this purpose, in Experiments 1 and 2, all participants performed a dual-task consisting of a visual–manual search task (VST) and an auditory–manual discrimination task (ADT). In the VST the stimulus–response mappings were variable, so that none of the stimuli of this task systematically predicted a certain response. In Experiment 1, the stimuli and responses of the VST were either both repeated or both changed in consecutive trials. In Experiment 2, we removed the stimulus repetitions in the VST and only the responses repeated across trials. In Experiment 3, we changed the ADT into a visual–auditory matching task (VAMT) with variable stimulus–response mappings, so that in both tasks only the responses repeated across trials. In Experiments 1 and 2, we observed better performance for FR than for PR, while this difference disappeared in Experiment 3. Together, the results suggest that the stimulus of one task is sufficient to retrieve the entire episode from the previous trial.