bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Randomized Controlled Trial to Increase Cancer Screening and Reduce Depression Among Low-Income Women
Authors: Tobin Jonathan N. , Weiss Elisa S. , Cassells Andrea , Lin TJ , Holder Tameir , Carrozzi Gianni , Barsanti Franco , Morales Alejandra , Mailing Alison , Espejo Maria , Gilbert Erica , Casiano Louann , O’Hara-Cicero Ellen , Weed John , Dietrich Allen J. 
Published: August 2022

Low-income women of color receive fewer cancer screenings and have higher rates of depression, which can interfere with cancer screening participation. This study assessed the comparative effectiveness of two interventions for improving colorectal, breast, and cervical cancer screening participation and reducing depression among underserved women in Bronx, NY, with depression. This comparative effectiveness randomized controlled trial (RCT) with assessments at study entry, 6, and 12 months utilized an intent-to-treat statistical approach. Eligible women were aged 50 to 64, screened positive for depression, and were overdue for ≥ 1 cancer screening (colorectal, breast, and/or cervical). Participants were randomized to a collaborative depression care plus cancer screening intervention (CCI + PCM) or cancer screening intervention alone (PCM). Interventions were telephone-based, available in English or Spanish, delivered over 12 months, and facilitated by a skilled care manager. Cancer screening data were extracted from electronic health records. Depression was measured with a validated self-report instrument (PHQ-9). Seven hundred fifty seven women consented and were randomized (CCI + PCM, n = 378; PCM, n = 379). Analyses revealed statistically significant increases in up-to-date status for all three cancer screenings; depression improved in both intervention groups. There were no statistically significant differences between the interventions in improving cancer screening rates or reducing depression. CCI and PCM both improved breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening and depression in clinical settings in underserved communities; however, neither intervention showed an advantage in outcomes. Decisions about which approach to implement may depend on the nature of the practice and alignment of the interventions with other ongoing priorities and resources.
Trends in utilization and costs of migraine medications, 2017–2020
Authors: Nguyen Jennifer L. , Munshi Kiraat , Peasah Samuel K. , Swart Elizabeth C. S. , Kohli Monal , Henderson Rochelle , Good Chester B. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
This study examines changes in utilization and costs trends associated with migraine medications.

Background
Migraine attacks are a burden to many patients. There are many pharmacotherapy options available with newer migraine drug classes entering the market in the past decade. Little is known about the use, associated costs, and the impact of the newer agents.

Methods
This retrospective, cross-sectional study examined 2017–2020 administrative claims from a large national pharmacy benefits manager. Patients aged ≥ 18 years enrolled in commercial, Medicare, Medicaid, or health insurance exchange insurance plans who filled ≥ 2 prescription claims for triptans, ergotamines, isometheptenes, gepants, ditans, and CGRP mABs were included. A two-sample t-test was conducted to estimate whether differences in mean utilization and costs between 2017 and 2020 were statistically significant for migraine drug classes, except for CGRP mABs, which were estimated between 2018 and 2020.

Results
The sample ranged from 161,369 (2017) to 240,330 (2020) patients. 84.5% (n = 203,110; 2020) of patients were women. The number of 30-day adjusted prescription fills for prophylaxis remained stable over the four-year period, except for CGRP mABs, which increased from 0.5% (n = 0.007; 2018) to 5.3% (n = 0.075; 2020). Antiepileptics, antidepressants and beta blockers were the most common prophylaxes, while triptans, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs/non-narcotic analgesics and opioids were the most common treatments utilized. CGRP mABs were the most expensive, while utilization of triptans were the highest. CGRP mABs had the largest increase in utilization (177.5%) and costs (166.3%) PPPM in 2020 ($291.17) compared to 2018 ($109.35), the year they were first available (p < 0.001). Between 2018 and 2020, costs increased overall and for commercial and Medicare enrollees, but remained unchanged for Medicaid and HIX members.

Conclusion
Our study demonstrates a shift in migraine medication utilization from 2017–2020, where increased use of CGRP mABs had a significant contribution to increased costs. These increased pharmacy costs must be weighed against the improved tolerability of these agents likely resulting in other healthcare and indirect cost savings.
Retromer subunit, CfVps35 is required for growth development and pathogenicity of Colletotrichum fructicola
Authors: Li Xi-Ya , Zhang Sheng-Pei , He Li 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Tea oil is widely used as edible oil in China, which extracted from the seeds of Camellia oleifera. In China, the national oil-tea camellia planting area reached 4.533 million hectares, the output of oil-tea camellia seed oil was 627 000 tons, and the total output value reached 18.3 billion dollars. Anthracnose is the common disease of Ca. oleifera, which affected the production and brought huge economic losses. Colletotrichum fructicola is the dominant pathogen causing anthracnose in Ca. oleifera. The retromer complex participates in the intracellular retrograde transport of cargos from the endosome to the trans-Golgi network in eukaryotes. Vacuolar protein sorting 35 is a core part of the retromer complex. This study aimed to investigate the role of CfVps35 in C. fructicola.

Results
The CfVPS35 gene was deleted, resulting in reduced mycelial growth, conidiation, and response to cell wall stresses. Further analysis revealed that CfVps35 was required for C. fructicola virulence on tea oil leaves. In addition, the ΔCfvps35 mutant was defective in glycogen metabolism and turgor during appressorium development.

Conclusion
This study illustrated that the crucial functions of CfVps35 in growth, development, and pathogenicity.
Therapy-based allied health delivery in residential aged care, trends, factors, and outcomes: a systematic review
Authors: Meulenbroeks Isabelle , Raban Magdalena Z. , Seaman Karla , Westbrook Johanna 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Allied health professionals in residential aged care facilities (RACFs) make important contributions to the physical and mental wellbeing of residents. Yet to date, health services research in RACFs has focused almost exclusively on nursing disciplines. This review aims to synthesise the current evidence on allied health services in RACF; specifically, how therapy-based allied health is delivered, what factors impact the quantity delivered, and the impact of services on resident outcomes and care quality.

Methods
Empirical peer-reviewed and grey literature focusing on allied health service delivery in RACFs from the past decade was identified through systematic searches of four databases and over 200 targeted website searches. Information on how allied health delivered, factors impacting service delivery, and impact on resident outcomes were extracted. The quality of included studies was appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) and the AACODS (Authority, Accuracy, Coverage, Objectivity, Date, Significance) checklist.

Results
Twenty-eight unique studies were included in this review; 26 peer-reviewed and two grey literature studies. Sixteen studies discussed occupational therapy and 15 discussed physiotherapy, less commonly studied professional groups included dieticians (n = 9), allied health assistants (n = 9), and social workers (n = 6). Thirteen studies were assigned a 100% quality rating. Levels of allied health service provision were generally low and varied. Five studies examined the association between system level factors and allied health service provision, and seven studies examined facility level factors and service provision. Higher levels of allied health provision or access to allied health services, specifically physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and nutrition, were associated with reduced falls with injury, improved care quality, activities of daily living scores, nutritional status, and meal satisfaction in five studies.

Conclusion
Evidence on how allied health is delivered in RACFs, and its impact on resident health outcomes, is lacking globally. While there are some indications of positive associations between allied health staffing and resident outcomes and experiences, health systems and researchers will need commitment to consistent allied health data collection and health services research funding in the future to accurately determine how allied health is delivered in RACFs and its impact on resident wellbeing.
Prediction model of axillary lymph node status using automated breast ultrasound (ABUS) and ki-67 status in early-stage breast cancer
Authors: Wang Qiucheng , Li Bo , Liu Zhao , Shang Haitao , Jing Hui , Shao Hua , Chen Kexin , Liang Xiaoshuan , Cheng Wen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Automated breast ultrasound (ABUS) is a useful choice in breast disease diagnosis. The axillary lymph node (ALN) status is crucial for predicting the clinical classification and deciding on the treatment of early-stage breast cancer (EBC) and could be the primary indicator of locoregional recurrence. We aimed to establish a prediction model using ABUS features of primary breast cancer to predict ALN status.

Methods
A total of 469 lesions were divided into the axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM) group and the no ALNM (NALNM) group. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were used to analyze the difference of clinical factors and ABUS features between the two groups, and a predictive model of ALNM was established. Pathological results were as the gold standard.

Results
Ki-67, maximum diameter (MD), posterior feature shadowing or enhancement and hyperechoic halo were significant risk factors for ALNM in multivariate logistic regression analysis (P < 0.05). The four risk factors were used to build the predictive model, and it achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of 0.791 (95% CI: 0.751, 0.831). The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of the prediction model were 72.5%, 69.1% and 75.26%. The positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were 66.08% and 79.93%, respectively. Distance to skin, MD, margin, shape, internal echo pattern, orientation, posterior features, and hyperechoic halo showed significant differences between stage I and stage II (P < 0.001).

Conclusion
ABUS features and Ki-67 can meaningfully predict ALNM in EBC and the prediction model may facilitate a more effective therapeutic schedule.
The lack of correlation between symptoms and signs in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction: a secondary analysis of the multicenter, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Xie Luoying , Chen Shudi , Hong Jing , Jin Xiuming , Chen Wei , Rong Bei , Feng Yun , Huang Xiaodan , Li Jinyang , Song Wenjing , Lin Lin , Cheng Yu , Yan Xiaoming 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
This study was performed to investigate the association between symptoms and signs in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).

Methods
Data were obtained from 122 MGD patients who were recruited for intense pulsed light therapy from November 2017 to April 2018 and the severity of their symptoms and signs at baseline were observed and recorded. Spearman correlation analyses were performed to analyze the relationships between SPEED score and signs. Subjects were divided into different subgroups based on possible influencing factors, and the differences in symptoms and signs were compared between different subgroups. Then influencing factors were controlled by regression analysis to explore the relationship between symptoms and signs and the strong factors affecting symptoms and signs.

Results
Analysis of baseline data showed that SPEED scores were not correlated with TBUT, CFSS, MGYSS or any index of eyelid margin abnormality (p > 0.05). In addition, abnormalities of lid margins, including hyperemia, thickening, rounding, hyperkeratinization, and telangiectasia around orifices, were more likely to occur in older patients, menopausal patients, and patients living in northern China. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that there was still no correlation between symptoms and signs (p > 0.05) after adjusting for influencing factors. Further analysis suggested that each influencing factor has different effects on symptoms and signs, among which menopause affects the SPEED score (R = -4.112, p = 0.025), and age and region have significant effects on eyelid margin abnormalities.

Conclusions
In conclusion, the results demonstrated a poor correlation between symptoms and signs in MGD patients. Age, hormone, and a dry environment may influence the disease, which suggests that the severity of the disease needs to be comprehensively assessed.
A randomized controlled trial of Goal Management Training for executive functioning in schizophrenia spectrum disorders or psychosis risk syndromes
Authors: Haugen Ingvild , Stubberud Jan , Haug Elisabeth , McGurk Susan R. , Hovik Kjell Tore , Ueland Torill , Øie Merete Glenne 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Executive functioning is essential to daily life and severely impaired in schizophrenia and psychosis risk syndromes. Goal Management Training (GMT) is a theoretically founded, empirically supported, metacognitive strategy training program designed to improve executive functioning.

Methods
A randomized controlled parallel group trial compared GMT with treatment as usual among 81 participants (GMT, n = 39 versus Wait List Controls, n = 42) recruited from an early intervention for psychosis setting. Computer generated random allocation was performed by someone independent from the study team and raters post-intervention were unaware of allocation. The primary objective was to assess the impact of GMT administered in small groups for 5 weeks on executive functioning. The secondary objective was to explore the potential of the intervention in influencing daily life functioning and clinical symptoms.

Results
GMT improved self-reported executive functioning, measured with the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function – Adult version (BRIEF-A), significantly more than treatment as usual. A linear mixed model for repeated measures, including all partial data according to the principle of intention to treat, showed a significant group x time interaction effect assessed immediately after intervention (post-test) and 6 months after intervention (follow-up), F = 8.40, p .005, r .37. Improvement occurred in both groups in objective executive functioning as measured by neuropsychological tests, functional capacity, daily life functioning and symptoms of psychosis rated by clinicians. Self-reported clinical symptoms measured with the Symptoms Check List (SCL-10) improved significantly more after GMT than after treatment as usual, F = 5.78, p .019, r .29. Two participants withdrew due to strenuous testing and one due to adverse effects.

Conclusions
GMT had clinically reliable and lasting effects on subjective executive function. The intervention is a valuable addition to available treatment with considerable gains at low cost.

Trial registration
Registered at clinicaltrials.gov NCT03048695 09/02/2017.
Biallelic variants in CHST3 cause Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia with joint dislocations in three Pakistani kindreds
Authors: Kausar Mehran , Ain Noor Ul , Hayat Farzana , Fatima Hunain , Azim Saad , Ullah Hazrat , Mushtaq Murva , Khalid Sumbal , Hussain Shahid , Naz Sadaf , Janjua Jamal , Amjad Saad Bin , Baig Ruqia Mehmood , Makitie Outi , Qamar Raheel , Ikegawa Shiro , Gen Nishimura , Khor Chiea Chuen , Foo Jia Nee , Siddiqi Saima 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Skeletal dysplasia is a heterogeneous group of disorders. Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasias comprise one subgroup. Deficiency of carbohydrate sulfotransferase 3 has been reported in a small number of patients with recessively inherited spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia with joint dislocation, short stature and scoliosis. We report here molecular and clinical findings of affected individuals in three consanguineous Pakistani families. Affected individuals in all three families had a uniform phenotype including severe short stature, multiple dislocated joints, progressive scoliosis and facial dysmorphism.

Methods
Clinical evaluation was done for three unrelated families. Radiological survey of bones was completed for patients from two of the families. Whole exome sequencing index patients from each family was performed followed by Sanger sequencing for validation of segregation of identified variants in respective families. In-silico analysis for determining pathogenicity of identified variants and conservation was done.

Results
Whole-exome sequencing revealed biallelic variants c.590 T > C;p.(Leu197Pro), c.603C > A;p.(Tyr201Ter) and c.661C > T;p.(Arg221Cys) in CHST3 (NM_004273.5) in the three families with eight, five and two affected individuals, respectively. Contrary to previous reports, affected individuals in none of the families exhibited a hearing loss.

Conclusion
We describe genotypic and phenotypic findings of three unrelated families with spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia. Our study confirms phenotypic variability and adds to the genotypic spectrum of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia.
Coping strategies and their association with diabetes specific distress, depression and diabetes self-care among people living with diabetes in Zambia
Authors: Hapunda Given 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Utilising coping strategies to reduce and manage the intensity of negative and distressing emotions caused by diabetes is essential. However, little is known about the use of coping strategies among people living with diabetes in Sub-Saharan African countries like Zambia. This study investigates coping strategies used by people with diabetes in Zambia and how these are associated with diabetes-specific emotional distress, depression and diabetes self-care.

Methods
Cross-sectional data from 157 people with diabetes aged between 12 and 68 years were collected. Of the 157, 59% were people with type 1 diabetes and 37% with type 2 diabetes. About 4% had missing information in their record but had either type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Coping styles were measured using the Brief Version of the Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (Brief COPE), diabetes specific-distress using the Problem Areas in Diabetes, depression using the Major Depression Inventory and self-care using the Diabetes Self-Care scale.

Results
Data showed that adaptive coping strategies such as religious coping, acceptance among others, were the most frequently used coping strategies among Zambian individuals with diabetes. Maladaptive coping strategies e.g., self-blame and self-distraction were related to increased diabetes specific-distress and depression. Emotional support was related to better diabetes self-care, while self-blame was related to poor diabetes self-care.

Conclusion
There is need to help individuals with diabetes identify adaptive strategies that work best for them in order to improve their quality of life.
Point-of-care ultrasound training for residents in anaesthesia and critical care: results of a national survey comparing residents and training program directors’ perspectives
Authors: Mongodi Silvia , Bonomi Francesca , Vaschetto Rosanna , Robba Chiara , Salve Giulia , Volta Carlo Alberto , Bignami Elena , Vetrugno Luigi , Corradi Francesco , Maggiore Salvatore Maurizio , Pelosi Paolo , Mojoli Francesco 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) has become an essential tool for anaesthesia and critical care physicians and dedicated training is mandatory. This survey describes the current state of Italian residency training programs through the comparison of residents’ and directors’ perspective.

Methods
Observational prospective cross-sectional study: 12-question national e-survey sent to Italian directors of anaesthesia and critical care residency programs (N = 40) and residents (N = 3000). Questions focused on POCUS teaching (vascular access, transthoracic echocardiography, focused assessment for trauma, transcranial Doppler, regional anaesthesia, lung and diaphragm ultrasound), organization (dedicated hours, teaching tools, mentors), perceived adequacy/importance of the training and limiting factors.

Results
Five hundred seventy-one residents and 22 directors completed the survey. Bedside teaching (59.4–93.2%) and classroom lessons (29.7–54.4%) were the most frequent teaching tools. Directors reported higher participation in research projects (p < 0.05 for all techniques but focused assessment for trauma) and simulation (p < 0.05 for all techniques but transthoracic echocardiography). Use of online teaching was limited (< 10%); however, 87.4% of residents used additional web-based tools. Consultants were the most frequent mentors, with different perspectives between residents (72.0%) and directors (95.5%; p = 0.013). Residents reported self-training more frequently (48.5 vs. 9.1%; p < 0.001). Evaluation was mainly performed at the bedside; a certification was not available in most cases (< 10%). Most residents perceived POCUS techniques as extremely important. Residents underestimated the relevance given by directors to ultrasound skills in their evaluation and the minimal number of exams required to achieve basic competency. Overall, the training was considered adequate for vascular access only (62.2%). Directors mainly agreed on the need of ultrasound teaching improvement in all fields. Main limitations were the absence of a standardized curriculum for residents and limited mentors’ time/expertise for directors.

Conclusion
POCUS education is present in Italian anaesthesia and critical care residency programs, although with potential for improvement. Significant discrepancies between residents’ and directors’ perspectives were identified.