bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations between maternal awakening salivary cortisol levels in mid-pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes
Authors: Vlenterie Richelle , Prins Judith B. , Roeleveld Nel , van Gelder Marleen M. H. J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Elevated levels of maternal cortisol have been hypothesized as the intermediate process between symptoms of depression and psychosocial stress during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes. Therefore, we examined associations between cortisol levels in the second trimester of pregnancy and risks of three common birth outcomes in a nested case–control study.

Methods
This study was embedded in the PRIDE Study (n = 3,019), from which we selected all cases with preterm birth (n = 64), low birth weight (n = 49), and small-for-gestational age (SGA; n = 65), and 260 randomly selected controls, among the participants who provided a single awakening saliva sample in approximately gestational week 19 in 2012–2016. Multivariable linear and logistic regression was performed to assess the associations between continuous and categorized cortisol levels and the selected outcomes.

Results
We did not observe any associations between maternal cortisol levels and preterm birth and low birth weight. However, high cortisol levels (≥ 90th percentile) seemed to be associated with SGA (adjusted odds ratio 2.1, 95% confidence interval 0.9–4.8), in particular among girls (adjusted odds ratio 3.7, 95% confidence interval 1.1–11.9, based on eight exposed cases) in an exploratory analysis.

Conclusion
The results of this study showed no suggestions of associations between maternal awakening cortisol levels in mid-pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes, except for an increased risk of SGA.
A joint alignment and reconstruction algorithm for electron tomography to visualize in-depth cell-to-cell interactions
Authors: Bogensperger Lea , Kobler Erich , Pernitsch Dominique , Kotzbeck Petra , Pieber Thomas R. , Pock Thomas , Kolb Dagmar 
Published: March 2022

AbstractElectron tomography allows one to obtain 3D reconstructions visualizing a tissue’s ultrastructure from a series of 2D projection images. An inherent problem with this imaging technique is that its projection images contain unwanted shifts, which must be corrected for to achieve reliable reconstructions. Commonly, the projection images are aligned with each other by means of fiducial markers prior to the reconstruction procedure. In this work, we propose a joint alignment and reconstruction algorithm that iteratively solves for both the unknown reconstruction and the unintentional shift and does not require any fiducial markers. We evaluate the approach first on synthetic phantom data where the focus is not only on the reconstruction quality but more importantly on the shift correction. Subsequently, we apply the algorithm to healthy C57BL/6J mice and then compare it with non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, with the aim of visualizing the attack of immune cells on pancreatic beta cells within type 1 diabetic mice at a more profound level through 3D analysis. We empirically demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is able to compute the shift with a remaining error at only the sub-pixel level and yields high-quality reconstructions for the limited-angle inverse problem. By decreasing labour and material costs, the algorithm facilitates further research directed towards investigating the immune system’s attacks in pancreata of NOD mice for numerous samples at different stages of type 1 diabetes.
Transcriptional control of Arabidopsis seed development
Authors: Verma Subodh , Attuluri Venkata Pardha Saradhi , Robert Hélène S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Main conclusion
The entire process of embryo development is under the tight control of various transcription factors. Together with other proteins, they act in a combinatorial manner and control distinct events during embryo development.

Abstract
Seed development is a complex process that proceeds through sequences of events regulated by the interplay of various genes, prominent among them being the transcription factors (TFs). The members of WOX, HD-ZIP III, ARF, and CUC families have a preferential role in embryonic patterning. While WOX TFs are required for initiating body axis, HD-ZIP III TFs and CUCs establish bilateral symmetry and SAM. And ARF5 performs a major role during embryonic root, ground tissue, and vasculature development. TFs such as LEC1, ABI3, FUS3, and LEC2 (LAFL) are considered the master regulators of seed maturation. Furthermore, several new TFs involved in seed storage reserves and dormancy have been identified in the last few years. Their association with those master regulators has been established in the model plant Arabidopsis. Also, using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay coupled with transcriptomics, genome-wide target genes of these master regulators have recently been proposed. Many seed-specific genes, including those encoding oleosins and albumins, have appeared as the direct target of LAFL. Also, several other TFs act downstream of LAFL TFs and perform their function during maturation. In this review, the function of different TFs in different phases of early embryogenesis and maturation is discussed in detail, including information about their genetic and molecular interactors and target genes. Such knowledge can further be leveraged to understand and manipulate the regulatory mechanisms involved in seed development. In addition, the genomics approaches and their utilization to identify TFs aiming to study embryo development are discussed.
A Trichinella spiralis new born larvae-specific protein, Ts-NBL1, interacts with host’s cell vimentin
Authors: Wang A. , Liu X. , Heckmann A. , Caignard G. , Vitour D. , Hirchaud E. , Liu M. , Boireau P. , Karadjian G. , Vallée I. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe parasitic nematode Trichinella has a special relationship with its host as it has a unique intracellular location within the feeder cell which is a structure derived from skeletal muscle fiber. It has been proposed that “parakines” secreted by Trichinella larvae serve as messengers to implement communication between the parasite and the muscle cells through a molecular cross-talk to ensure permanent coexistence within the host. The Ts-NBL1 protein is considered to be a potential key “parakine” involved in the early invasion of the muscle fiber and its transformation into a feeder cell during Trichinella spiralis infection. This study used for the first time yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) technology in Trichinella to identify Ts-NBL1 interacting proteins. GST co-affinity purification experiments confirmed vimentin as an important interactor. The discovery of the new host proteins interacting with Ts-NBL1 will help to suggest that Ts-NBL1 contributes to participate in the capsule formation of feeder cells and provide ideas for understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the survival of Trichinella in the host.
Strukturdynamische Werkstoffdämpfung von Blechpaketen elektrischer Maschinen
Authors: Franck Marius , Jaeger Markus , Groschup Benedikt , Hameyer Kay 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungFür die Modellierung des akustischen Verhaltens von elektrischen Antrieben werden präzise mechanische Werkstoffmodelle insbesondere für das Rotor- und Statorblechpaket benötigt. Die Modellierung der Werkstoffdämpfung spielt dabei eine entscheidene Rolle. Häufig werden zur Abbildung der Dämpfung Ergebnisse von experimentellen Modalanalysen, die an einem Prototyp durchgeführt werden, genutzt. Diese Ergebnisse erlauben nach aktuellem Stand der Technik keine Übertragbarkeit und Vorhersage für elektrische Maschinen. Des Weiteren zeigen die Messungen, dass neben den Steifigkeitseigenschaften eines Blechpakets auch die Dämpfungseigenschaften aufgrund des Aufbaus richtungsabhängig sind. In dieser Arbeit wird deshalb ein werkstoffspezifisches Dämpfungsmodell auf Basis einer analytischen Homogenisierung hergeleitet. Wie anhand von Messungen für ein exemplarisches Statorblechpaket gezeigt wird, kann mit diesem Modell die Richtungsabhängigkeit der Werkstoffdämpfung abgebildet werden. Das Modell ermöglicht zudem eine Übertragbarkeit und die Vorhersage für andere Maschinen.
Evolution of a Miocene canyon and its carbonate fill in the pre-evaporitic eastern Mediterranean
Authors: Reolid J. , Bialik O. M. , Puga-Bernabéu Á. , Zilberman E. , Cardenal J. , Makovsky Y. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractExtensive canyons, excavated into the margins of the Levant Basin during the Oligocene–Miocene, are interesting case-studies for canyon fills in carbonate settings. The carbonate Pattish Formation, developed along the margins of the pre-evaporitic Messinian Beer Sheva Canyon in Israel, was investigated using both onshore seismic imaging and field data. The canyon has three main seismic facies of fill (1) Subparallel reflections mimicking the canyon´s morphology; (2) chaotic reflections overlying the subparallel ones, and (3) sigmoidal reflections, locally with sharp edges at the canyon margins. The first seismic facies corresponds to the pelagic marls of the Bet Eshel Formation. The other two seismic facies are, respectively, equivalent to bioclastic calcarenite clinobeds with slumps and channels, and to coral–stromatolite reefs and reef slopes of the Pattish Formation observed at outcrop. There were three phases of canyon development: (1) slope incision and headward erosion due to tectonic uplift and eustatic sea-level fall during the Early Oligocene, and large slope failure during the latest Middle Miocene; (2) platform incision and connection with a fluvial system in the Late Miocene related to falling sea level and tectonic uplift; and (3) canyon filling first by pelagic marls at the centre of the canyon, followed by calcarenite clinobeds at the canyon flanks formed by gravity flows. Finally, carbonate production at the margins of the canyon resulted in reefs and associated slopes prograding towards the canyon axis. The late canyon filling phase ended with the deposition of evaporites during the Messinian Salinity Crisis.
The interplay between expressive suppression, emotional self-efficacy and internalizing behavior in middle adolescence
Authors: Lonigro Antonia , Longobardi Emiddia , Laghi Fiorenzo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Maladaptive emotion regulation strategies are predictive of negative outcomes in adolescence which, in turn, may impact on later well-being.

Objective
The current study aimed at testing the moderating role of emotional self-efficacy on the relation between expressive suppression and the engagement in internalizing behavior, controlling for gender effect.

Method
A total of 526 adolescents (Mage = 14.7 years, age range = 14–17 years) filled out self-report questionnaires evaluating expressive suppression, emotional regulatory self-efficacy, and internalizing behavior, respectively.

Results
Suppressors with lower positive emotion self-efficacy were more likely to engage in internalizing behavior than suppressors with higher positive emotion self-efficacy.

Conclusions
Despite several limitations, the study provided preliminary insights on the role played by emotional self-efficacy in the relation between expressive suppression and internalizing behavior in middle adolescence.
Predicting lexical complexity in English texts: the Complex 2.0 dataset
Authors: Shardlow Matthew , Evans Richard , Zampieri Marcos 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIdentifying words which may cause difficulty for a reader is an essential step in most lexical text simplification systems prior to lexical substitution and can also be used for assessing the readability of a text. This task is commonly referred to as complex word identification (CWI) and is often modelled as a supervised classification problem. For training such systems, annotated datasets in which words and sometimes multi-word expressions are labelled regarding complexity are required. In this paper we analyze previous work carried out in this task and investigate the properties of CWI datasets for English. We develop a protocol for the annotation of lexical complexity and use this to annotate a new dataset, CompLex 2.0. We present experiments using both new and old datasets to investigate the nature of lexical complexity. We found that a Likert-scale annotation protocol provides an objective setting that is superior for identifying the complexity of words compared to a binary annotation protocol. We release a new dataset using our new protocol to promote the task of Lexical Complexity Prediction.
The Generalised Mooney Space for Modelling the Response of Rubber-Like Materials
Authors: Anssari-Benam Afshin , Bucchi Andrea , Destrade Michel , Saccomandi Giuseppe 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSoft materials such as rubbers, silicones, gels and biological tissues have a nonlinear response to large deformations, a phenomenon which in principle can be captured by hyperelastic models. The suitability of a candidate hyperelastic strain energy function is then determined by comparing its predicted response to the data gleaned from tests and adjusting the material parameters to get a good fit, an exercise which can be deceptive because of nonlinearity. Here we propose to generalise the approach of Rivlin and Saunders (Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A, Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. 243:251–288, 1951) who, instead of reporting the data as stress against stretch, manipulated these measures to create the ‘Mooney plot’, where the Mooney-Rivlin model is expected to produce a linear fit. We show that extending this idea to other models and modes of deformation (tension, shear, torsion, etc.) is advantageous, not only (a) for the fitting procedure, but also to (b) delineate trends in the deformation which are not obvious from the raw data (and may be interpreted in terms of micro-, meso-, and macro-structures) and (c) obtain a bounded condition number$\kappa $
κ
over the whole range of deformation, a robustness which is lacking in other plots and spaces.
Climate Change Influence On Ontario Corn Farms’ Income
Authors: Kornprobst Antoine , Davison Matt 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOur study quantifies the impact of climate change on the income of corn farms in Ontario, at the 2068 horizon, under several warming scenarios. It is articulated around a discrete-time dynamic model of corn farm income with an annual time-step, corresponding to one agricultural cycle from planting to harvest. At each period, we compute the income of a farm given the corn yield, which is highly dependent on weather variables: temperature and rainfall. We also provide a reproducible forecast of the yearly distribution of corn yield for the regions around ten cities in Ontario, located where most of the corn growing activity takes place in the province. The price of corn futures at harvest time is taken into account and we fit our model by using 49 years of county-level historical climate and corn yield data. We then conduct out-of-sample Monte-Carlo simulations in order to obtain the farm income forecasts under a given climate change scenario, from 0$$^\circ$$

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C to + 4$$^\circ$$

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C.
If Nudges Treat their Targets as Rational Agents, Nonconsensual Neurointerventions Can Too
Authors: Douglas Thomas 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAndreas Schmidt and Neil Levy have recently defended nudging against the objection that nudges fail to treat nudgees as rational agents. Schmidt rejects two theses that have been taken to support the objection: that nudges harness irrational processes in the nudgee, and that they subvert the nudgee’s rationality. Levy rejects a third thesis that may support the objection: that nudges fail to give reasons. I argue that these defences can be extrapolated from nudges to some nonconsensual neurointerventions; if Schmidt’s and Levy’s defences succeed, then some nonconsensual neurointerventions neither harness irrationality, nor subvert rationality, nor fail to give reasons. This, I claim, poses a challenge both to opponents of nonconsensual neurointerventions, and to defenders of nudging.
Transmission Characteristics of Terahertz Imaging Detection in Smoke Environments
Authors: Zhang Dan , Qu Jingchao , Ouyang Yintao , Li Sen , Song Yinmao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe terahertz imaging detection technology is applied to low-visibility fire environments to improve the traditional imaging detection equipment affected by the changes in the morphology and particle size distribution of smoke particles. This study focus on the transmission characteristics of terahertz waves in fire and smoke environments. A model for the propagation of terahertz waves is obtained. Terahertz imaging equipment is used to experimentally investigate the flue gas environment generated by three standard fires and combined with numerical simulations to analyze the influence of the terahertz wave transmission under different flue gas environments. The results show that the transmission of terahertz waves in a flue gas environment is affected by factors such as the smoke particle size and flue gas concentration; however, the transmission is significantly better than that obtained with traditional detection methods. In standard fire experiments, the terahertz equipment can achieve good imaging results, and the transmittance of terahertz waves is maintained above 88%.
Does Parenting Moderate the Association Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Adolescents’ Future Orientation?
Authors: Chainey Carys , Burke Kylie , Haynes Michele 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAdolescents who think and act towards the future are more likely to thrive. This future orientation may, however, be affected by adversity and the parenting they receive. The influence of cumulative adversity, and of parenting in the context of adversity, is yet to be explored. We investigated whether adolescents’ future orientation is associated with experiences of singular and multiple types of adversity, and if parenting moderates these associations. Data from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children K Cohort (n = 1177; 51.5% male; aged 16–17 years) were used to measure future orientation at age 16–17, the number of adversities experienced from age 4/5 to age 14/15 (parental separation and divorce, household substance use problem, household mental health condition, domestic violence), and parenting received at age 14/15 (warmth, hostility, communication, monitoring). Relationships and moderations were tested using stepwise moderated logistic regression analyses, controlling for demographic characteristics. Adolescents were at risk for low future orientation if they had experienced singular or multiple types of adversity, higher hostility, lower communication, and lower monitoring. We did not find a moderating effect of parenting. These results indicate that while young people are less likely to have future-related thoughts and actions if they have experienced singular or multiple types of adversity, their future orientation may be supported by effective parenting and non-hostile parent-adolescent relationships. Young people who experience both adversity and poor parenting may be at higher risk than others. Further investigation is warranted, to explore the causal relationships between adverse experiences, parenting, and future orientation.
Different landscape features within a simplified agroecosystem support diverse pollinators and their service to crop plants
Authors: Fijen Thijs P. M. , Read Samantha F. J. , Walker Melanie K. , Gee Megan , Nelson Warrick R. , Howlett Brad G. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Context
Landscape simplification is a main driver of insect decline, threatening crop pollination services. Changes in functional features in simplified agroecosystems may impact the abundance of wild pollinators.

Objectives
Here, we studied whether different pollinator groups based on life-history are differentially associated to landscape features, and how this affects crop pollination service delivery.

Methods
Using window traps in a highly simplified agroecosystem, we surveyed pollinator abundances and diversity associated with: (1) bare fence-lines separating pastures (control), (2) conifer hedgerows (3) farm gardens of diverse exotic plant species (4) effluent-ponds, (5) newly established native-plantings, (6) gorse (Ulex europaeus) hedgerows and (7) open water channels across six to twelve dairy farms. We also measured pollination service delivery to potted pak choi (Brassica rapa) plots near features 1–5 on six farms.

Results
Pollinators at gardens, native-plantings, and effluent-ponds delivered significantly more pollination service than at bare fence-lines, with flies being more effective pollinators than bees at all features assessed. Taxa delivering the service also differed across features. The native bee Lasioglossum sordidum delivered more pollination at garden and native-planting features than at other features, drone flies (Eristalis tenax) contributed the majority of pollination service at effluent-ponds and bare fence-lines, while calliphorid flies contributed most pollination at conifer hedgerows.

Conclusions
Conversion of functional features to bare fence-lines negatively affects on-farm pollinator diversity and its service to crop plants. However, farmers can benefit from enhancing features containing diverse plant species that support non-bee and bee species proven to deliver measurable crop pollination services.
Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson Disease: A Meta-analysis of the Long-term Neuropsychological Outcomes
Authors: Bucur Madalina , Papagno Costanza 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDeep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) or globus pallidum internus (GPi) improves motor functions in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) but may cause a decline in specific cognitive domains. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the long-term (1–3 years) effects of STN or GPi DBS on four cognitive functions: (i) memory (delayed recall, working memory, immediate recall), (ii) executive functions including inhibition control (Color-Word Stroop test) and flexibility (phonemic verbal fluency), (iii) language (semantic verbal fluency), and (iv) mood (anxiety and depression). Medline and Web of Science were searched, and studies published before July 2021 investigating long-term changes in PD patients following DBS were included. Random-effects model meta-analyses were performed using the R software to estimate the standardized mean difference (SMD) computed as Hedges’ g with 95% CI. 2522 publications were identified, 48 of which satisfied the inclusion criteria. Fourteen meta-analyses were performed including 2039 adults with a clinical diagnosis of PD undergoing DBS surgery and 271 PD controls. Our findings add new information to the existing literature by demonstrating that, at a long follow-up interval (1–3 years), both positive effects, such as a mild improvement in anxiety and depression (STN, Hedges’ g = 0,34, p = 0,02), and negative effects, such as a decrease of long-term memory (Hedges’ g = -0,40, p = 0,02), verbal fluency such as phonemic fluency (Hedges’ g = -0,56, p < 0,0001), and specific subdomains of executive functions such as Color–Word Stroop test (Hedges’ g = -0,45, p = 0,003) were observed. The level of evidence as qualified with GRADE varied from low for the pre- verses post-analysis to medium when compared to a control group.