bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of endocrine‐disrupting chemicals on ovarian‐ and ovulation‐related fertility outcomes
Authors: Land Katie L. , Miller Frances G. , Fugate Ava C. , Hannon Patrick R. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractExposure to endocrine‐disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is unavoidable, which represents a public health concern given the ability of EDCs to target the ovary. However, there is a large gap in the knowledge about the impact of EDCs on ovarian function, including the process of ovulation. Defects in ovulation are the leading cause of infertility in women, and EDC exposures are contributing to the prevalence of infertility. Thus, investigating the effects of EDCs on the ovary and ovulation is an emerging area for research and is the focus of this review. The effects of EDCs on gametogenesis, uterine function, embryonic development, and other aspects of fertility are not addressed to focus on ovarian‐ and ovulation‐related fertility issues. Herein, findings from epidemiological and basic science studies are summarized for several EDCs, including phthalates, bisphenols, per‐ and poly‐fluoroalkyl substances, flame retardants, parabens, and triclosan. Epidemiological literature suggests that exposure is associated with impaired fecundity and in vitro fertilization outcomes (decreased egg yield, pregnancies, and births), while basic science literature reports altered ovarian follicle and corpora lutea numbers, altered hormone levels, and impaired ovulatory processes. Future directions include identification of the mechanisms by which EDCs disrupt ovulation leading to infertility, especially in women.
Use of therapeutic drug monitoring to characterize cefepime‐related neurotoxicity
Authors: Venugopalan Veena , Casaus Danielle , Kainz Leonie , Slaton Cara N. , Hurst Natalie , Bruzzone Maria , Hu Calvin , Sword Gabriel , Cherabuddi Kartikeya , Iovine Nicole , Liu Jiajun , Scheetz Marc H. , Rhodes Nathaniel , Maranchick Nicole , Peloquin Charles A. , Klinker Kenneth , Alshaer Mohammad H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractStudy ObjectivesData evaluating cefepime thresholds associated with neurotoxicity remain limited. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the incidence of cefepime‐related neurotoxicity (CRN) in patients with plasma cefepime concentrations, assess the relationship between cefepime exposure and CRN, investigate clinical factors associated with CRN, and describe electroencephalogram (EEG) abnormalities in CRN.DesignThis was a retrospective study of adult inpatients admitted between 2016 and 2018 who received cefepime therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). Potential CRN cases were identified utilizing a standard definition. The primary outcomes of the study were to determine the incidence of CRN and evaluate the relationship between cefepime trough concentrations, the average daily AUC, and neurotoxicity. Bayesian posteriors were generated for each patient using a cefepime pharmacokinetic (PK) model, and the mean daily area under the concentration–time curve (AUC) was calculated. Multiple regression was performed to assess the association between CRN, cefepime PK, and clinical predictors of neurotoxicity.Main ResultsFour hundred eighty‐one patients with 503 hospital encounters received cefepime TDM and were included in the analysis. The incidence of CRN was 4.4% (22/503). Patients with CRN had a higher incidence of renal dysfunction, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus compared to patients without CRN (non‐NT). The mean cefepime trough concentration was significantly greater in the CRN patients than in the non‐NT group (61.8 ± 33.7 vs. 30 ± 27.7 mg/L, respectively, p = 0.0002). Cefepime trough concentration and renal dysfunction were independently associated with increased risk of CRN in the adjusted multiple regression model. Moderate generalized slowing of the background rhythm was the most common EEG pattern associated with CRN. Delaying cefepime TDM greater than 72 h after the initiation of cefepime was associated with a 3‐fold increased risk of CRN.ConclusionCefepime should be used cautiously in hospitalized patients with renal dysfunction due to the risk of neurotoxicity. Dose optimization utilizing TDM early in cefepime treatment may minimize adverse effects and improve patient safety.
Removing race and body surface area indexation for estimated kidney function based drug dosing: Aminoglycosides as justification of these principles
Authors: Pai Manjunath P. , Sitaruno Sirima , Abdelnabi Mohamed 
Published: November 2022

AbstractStudy ObjectiveThe use of race in medicine can contribute to health inequity. Updated equations for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) without race have been published. Likewise, de‐indexation of eGFR to body surface area (BSA) has been recommended by regulatory guidance for drug dosing in renal impairment. Clinical data justifying these recommendations for drug dosing are sparse. We examined the gain or loss of precision in drug dosing with estimated creatinine clearance (eCLcr) and eGFR using serum creatinine (eGFRcr) with and without race and BSA indexation by evaluating the population pharmacokinetics of the aminoglycosides as a classic drug class to probe kidney function.DesignMedical records from adult patients treated with gentamicin or tobramycin over a 13‐year period were queried. Population pharmacokinetic analyses were performed using a 1‐compartment base structural model. Models compared body size descriptors as covariates of the volume of distribution (V). Estimated creatinine clearance and eGFRcr using multiple contemporary equations with and without BSA indexation were tested as covariates of clearance (CL).Main ResultsThe final data set included 2968 patients treated with either gentamicin (20.2%) or tobramycin (79.8%). Patients self‐identified as Caucasian (82%), African‐American (10%), or other. The median [5th, 95th percentile] weight and BSA were 80.5 [49.4, 136] kg and 1.94 [1.48, 2.56] m2, respectively. Models of eCLcr and eGFRcr without indexation to BSA had a better model fit than eGFRcr indexed to BSA for aminoglycoside CL. The 2021 Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology collaboration (CKD‐EPI) eGFRcr equation (no race, no BSA indexation) provided a comparable model fit to the 2009 CKD‐EPI eGFRcr equation (with race, no BSA indexation) for aminoglycoside CL.ConclusionsRace is not a relevant covariate of aminoglycoside CL. The 2021 CKD‐EPI eGFR equation without race and BSA indexation is a better method for gentamicin and tobramycin CL estimation. Confirmation of these results for other drugs can support the harmonization of dosing by kidney function.
iNSP‐GCAAP: Identifying nonclassical secreted proteins using global composition of amino acid properties
Authors: Do Trang T. T. , Nguyen‐Vo Thanh‐Hoang , Pham Hung T. , Trinh Quang H. , Nguyen Binh P. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNonclassical secreted proteins (NSPs) refer to a group of proteins released into the extracellular environment under the facilitation of different biological transporting pathways apart from the Sec/Tat system. As experimental determination of NSPs is often costly and requires skilled handling techniques, computational approaches are necessary. In this study, we introduce iNSP‐GCAAP, a computational prediction framework, to identify NSPs. We propose using global composition of a customized set of amino acid properties to encode sequence data and use the random forest (RF) algorithm for classification. We used the training dataset introduced by Zhang et al. (Bioinformatics, 36(3), 704–712, 2020) to develop our model and test it with the independent test set in the same study. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve on that test set was 0.9256, which outperformed other state‐of‐the‐art methods using the same datasets. Our framework is also deployed as a user‐friendly web‐based application to support the research community to predict NSPs.
Isolation and structural characterization of two novel oxidative degradation products of losartan potassium active pharmaceutical ingredient using advanced analytical techniques
Authors: Singamsetti JCMKNN Murty , Gandham Himabindhu , Geereddy Mahesh Kumar Reddy , Kaliyaperumal Muralidharan , Doddipalla Raju , Rumalla Chidananda Swamy , Jayanti NSRC Murty 
Published: November 2022

RationaleLosartan potassium (losartan) is the most frequently utilized antihypertensive medication in the world. However, partial oxidation of losartan produces toxic by‐products that could be harmful to living organisms. Therefore, it is necessary to degrade the losartan and identify the potential toxic oxidative degradation products to minimize their formation during manufacturing, formulation, storage, and packing conditions.MethodsOxidative degradation experiments of losartan were performed according to ICH guidelines. The degradation products were detected using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis, isolated by using preparative HPLC, and identified by using high‐resolution mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic techniques.ResultsThe degradation products (DP‐1, DP‐2, and DP‐3) were identified as (((2'‐(2H‐tetrazol‐5‐yl)‐[1,1'‐biphenyl]‐4‐yl)methyl)amino)‐2‐oxoethylpentanoate, 5‐(4'‐((2 butyl‐4‐chloro‐5‐(hydroxymethyl)‐1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)methyl)‐[1,1'‐biphenyl]‐2‐yl)‐1H tetrazol‐1‐ol, and 5‐(4'‐((2‐butyl‐4‐chloro‐5‐(hydroxymethyl)‐1H‐imidazol‐1 yl)methyl)‐[1,1'‐biphenyl]‐2‐yl)‐2H‐tetrazol‐2‐ol, respectively.ConclusionsForced degradation of losartan potassium API under oxidative condition indicates the formation of two major novel oxidative degradation products (DP‐2 and DP‐3) and one minor known degradation product (DP‐1).Preparative HPLC used for the isolation of the resultant DPs and their structures were successfully established using UHPLC–MS, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, HSQC, HMBC, and HRMS spectroscopic techniques.
Subgraph probability of random graphs with specified degrees and applications to chromatic number and connectivity
Authors: Gao Pu , Ohapkin Yuval 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGiven a graphical degree sequence , let denote a uniformly random graph on vertex set where vertex has degree for every . We give upper and lower bounds on the joint probability of an arbitrary set of edges in , and we link these probability estimates to the corresponding probabilities in the configuration model. Then we show that many existing results of in the literature can be significantly improved with simpler proofs, by applying this new probabilistic tool. One example we give concerns the chromatic number of . In another application, we use these joint probabilities to study the connectivity of . Under some rather mild condition on —in particular, if where is the maximum component of —we fully characterize the connectivity phase transition of . We also give sufficient conditions for being connected when is unrestricted.
Global distribution of microplastic contaminants in aquatic environments and their remediation strategies
Authors: Tirkey Astha , Pandey Mohineeta , Tiwari Ankesh , Sahu Roshan Lal , Kukkar Deepak , Dubey Rashmi , Kim Ki‐Hyun , Pandey Sudhir Kumar 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis review describes the occurrence and distribution of microplastics in freshwater and marine environments in recent years (2017–2022). Use of microplastics often results in contamination of aquatic environments, threatens biodiversity, and creates the need for environmental remediation. Such remediation strategies can involve primary, secondary, and tertiary treatments. Tertiary treatment is a frequent research subject due to its high efficiency and the possibility for advancements and enhancements. This study discusses tertiary treatments with remediation efficiencies of 95% and greater and their advantages, disadvantages, and future perspectives. Biochar‐mediated remediation of microplastics is an effective method that may be able to achieve efficiencies approaching 100%. The study concludes by exploring methods of removing microplastics, including constructed wetlands and biochar, which offer high efficiency.Practitioner Points

Tertiary treatments are an effective microplastic remediation strategy applicable succeeding secondary or primary treatments or as an individual remediation strategy.
Biochar is a highly efficient adsorbent for microplastic remediation from aquatic environment with eco‐friendly aspect and reusability.
Modifications in tertiary treatments and enhancement in remediation efficiency are still a subject of research for future studies.
Using space to event modeling to estimate density of multiple species in northeastern Washington
Authors: McMurry Sierra , Moeller Anna K. , Goerz James , Robinson Hugh S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractConcurrent monitoring of multiple species with a single study design can be an efficient use of time and financial resources. Using camera traps to estimate density or abundance of multiple species is only possible if the study design captures photographs of all target species in an unbiased manner. We used camera trap data originally collected for a different purpose and applied the Space to Event (STE) model to estimate density of multiple species simultaneously. We had sufficient data to estimate densities of moose (Alces alces), black bear (Ursus americanus), mountain lions (Puma concolor), wolves (Canis lupus), and deer (white‐tailed deer [Odocoileus virginianus] and mule deer [O. hemionus] combined). Our estimated densities were lower than those derived from other methods in the study area, possibly due to the lack of a sampling design specific to STE. However, our estimates were generally comparable to published density estimates from across the species' range. Our approach allowed us to estimate abundance and density for each species with the same effort required to estimate abundance of a single species. Our results suggest that with an appropriate study design, STE could be an effective, efficient, low cost and non‐invasive method for estimating densities of multiple unmarked species using a single camera array.
Secure and Efficient Implementation of Electronic Money
Authors: Buldas Ahto , Draheim Dirk , Saarepera Märt 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDuring the last years, central banks have discussed possible use of central bank digital currencies (CBDC) – electronic cash. Besides the financial and economic factors also the security and scalability of technical implementation of CBDC have been studied. Blockchain technology provides high level of security independent of the technical infrastructure and enables central banks to outsource most of the CBDC operations to the private sector while still having full control over the total amount of CBDC in circulation. Scalability of blockchain solutions depends on the possibility of decomposing (sharding) the blockchain. Electronic money and payments can be represented and organized in several ways, including accounts, bills/coins, and also unspent transaction outputs (UTXOs). We show how the representation of money and payments influences the existence of secure and decomposable blockchain implementations of electronic money. We show that the bill money scheme can be securely and efficiently implemented as sharded blockchains.
Rényi entropy and negativity for massless complex boson at conformal interfaces and junctions
Authors: Capizzi Luca , Murciano Sara , Calabrese Pasquale 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe consider the ground state of a theory composed byMspecies of massless complex bosons in one dimension coupled together via a conformal interface. We compute both the Rényi entropy and the negativity of a generic partition of wires, generalizing the approach developed in a recent work for free fermions. These entanglement measures show a logarithmic growth with the system size, and the universal prefactor depends both on the details of the interface and the bipartition. We test our analytical predictions against exact numerical results for the harmonic chain.
Impact of Lorentz violation on anomalous magnetic moments of charged leptons
Authors: Crivellin Andreas , Kirk Fiona , Schreck Marco 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe address the question whether a violation of Lorentz symmetry can explain the tension between the measurement and the Standard-Model prediction of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, (g −2)μ, and whether it can significantly impact the one of the electron, (g— 2)e. While anisotropic Lorentz-violating effects are, in general, expected to produce sidereal oscillations in observables, isotropic Lorentz violation (LV) in the charged-lepton sector could also feed into (g— 2)e,μ. However, we find that this type of Lorentz violation, parametrised via a dim-4 field operator of the Standard-Model Extension (SME), is already strongly constrained by the absence of vacuum Čerenkov radiation and photon decay. In particular, the observations of very-high-energetic astrophysical photons at LHAASO and of high-energetic electrons (muons) by the LHC (IceCube) place the most stringent two-sided bounds on the relevant SME coefficients$$ \overset{\circ }{c} $$c∘(e)($$ \overset{\circ }{c} $$c∘(μ)). Therefore, any explanation of the tension in (g −2)μvia isotropic Lorentz violation of the minimal spin-degenerate SME is excluded, and the possible size of its impact on (g −2)eis very limited.
The charged Higgs from the Bottom-Up: probing flavor at the LHC
Authors: Desai Nishita , Mariotti Alberto , Tabet Mustafa , Ziegler Robert 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We systematically study model-independent constraints on the three generic charged Higgs couplings to b-quarks and up-type quarks. While existing LHC searches have focussed on the tb coupling, we emphasize that the LHC plays a crucial role in probing also ub and cb couplings, since constraints from flavor physics are weak. In particular we propose various new searches that can significantly extend the present reach on the parameter space by: i) looking for light charged Higgses that decay into ub-quarks, ii) probing charged Higgs couplings to light and top quarks using multi-b-jet signatures, iii) looking for single b-quarks in low-mass dijet searches, iv) searching for charge asymmetries induced by charged Higgs production via ub couplings.
Michel parameters in the presence of massive Dirac and Majorana neutrinos
Authors: Márquez Juan Manuel , Castro Gabriel López , Roig Pablo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We analyse the effects of Dirac and Majorana neutrinos on leptonic decays of muon and tau leptons using the most general four-lepton effective interaction Hamiltonian of dimension six. We calculate the specific energy and angular distribution of the final charged lepton, including the polarizations of the initial and final charged leptons. We discuss the new generalized Michel parameters and focus on the effects of the heavy neutrino masses that would lead to sizable contributions on scenarios where the new sterile neutrinos have non-negligible mixing. Specifically, the most promising scenario is found for the case of τ decay with one heavy final-state neutrino with a mass around 102 − 103 MeV, where the linear term suppression could be of order 10−4, low enough to be measured in current and forthcoming experiments.
Gauge/Bethe correspondence from quiver BPS algebras
Authors: Galakhov Dmitry , Li Wei , Yamazaki Masahito 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We study the Gauge/Bethe correspondence for two-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (2, 2) supersymmetric quiver gauge theories associated with toric Calabi-Yau three-folds, whose BPS algebras have recently been identified as the quiver Yangians. We start with the crystal representations of the quiver Yangian, which are placed at each site of the spin chain. We then construct integrable models by combining the single-site crystals into crystal chains by a coproduct of the algebra, which we determine by a combination of representation-theoretical and gauge-theoretical arguments. For non-chiral quivers, we find that the Bethe ansatz equations for the crystal chain coincide with the vacuum equation of the quiver gauge theory, thus confirming the corresponding Gauge/Bethe correspondence. For more general chiral quivers, however, we find obstructions to the R-matrices satisfying the Yang-Baxter equations and the unitarity conditions, and hence to their corresponding Gauge/Bethe correspondence. We also discuss trigonometric (quantum toroidal) versions of the quiver BPS algebras, which correspond to three-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 gauge theories and arrive at similar conclusions. Our findings demonstrate that there are important subtleties in the Gauge/Bethe correspondence, often overlooked in the literature.
Additive manufacturing process design for complex aircraft components
Authors: Dogea Ramona , Yan Xiu T. , Millar Richard 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The process of metal additive manufacturing (AM) is now widely used in fabricating complex parts in today’s industry. The scope of this paper is to redesign a manufacturing process for complex aircraft components using wing ribs as example by considering embedded Internet of Things (IoT) sensory capability that can be used in an Industry 4.0 ecosystem for moving away from a condition-based preventive maintenance system to a data-driven predictive maintenance-based system. This work is based on a previous study that considered the part design stage which deals with finding the best design solution for a single part. Considering a wing rib geometry of 3-mm web thickness with 6-mm upper and lower caps, the manufacturing process is designed and assessed using the Simufact Additive™ software. The use of AM when embedding IoT sensors allows more flexibility without compromising the structural integrity of parts, as well as the advantage of design freedom and limited cost when modifying geometries. The outcomes show that the manufacturing process depends strongly on hot isostatic pressing (HIP) for the wing rib, but for the sensory covers it presented no significant improvement. The results also show that the support optimisation can lead to an important reduction of mass and volume as well as an improvement of the structural performance.
Evaluation of the Impact of Policymakers’ Decisions in the Management Capacity of Protected Areas: Efficiency Evidence from Five Countries
Authors: Valdivieso Juan Carlos , Eagles Paul F. J. , Gil Joan Carles 
Published: November 2022

AbstractProtected areas play an important role in biodiversity conservation and tourism. Significant efforts have been made to increase the amount of protected lands. A problem of increasing the amount of public protected areas is that governments and other institutions face difficulties in providing the necessary resources for effective management. Accordingly, managers must be as efficient as possible but the lack of comparative methods makes the evaluation of efficiency difficult. Using Data Envelopment Analysis, a non-stochastic and non-parametric approach, information from 29 protected areas in 5 countries was analyzed to compare management efficiency amongst them. The first result found is the level of management efficiency that each park has in comparison with the others parks. The other important result is a prediction of the changes in the outputs if there is a hypothetical budget change. These results allow the generation of information for decision making.