bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The experience of IPV among older women in Puerto Rico; a hermeneutic phenomenological study
Authors: Irene‐López Lourdes , Kalmakis Karen A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntimate partner violence (IPV) is a global public health problem linked to long‐term health, social and economic consequences. Despite the growing number of women over age 60 in Puerto Rico, knowledge about culturally specific IPV in women of this age group is lacking. This is problematic because older women experiencing abuse often do not report it, and nurses are often not educated to identify IPV in older women.AimsTo explore the experiences of IPV in a sample of Puerto Rican women over 60 years of age, and to understand the effects of IPV on older women's health.DesignHermeneutic phenomenology was used to understand the experiences of older Puerto Rican women exposed to IPV.MethodsData were collected during two in‐depth interviews with each of six women during 2018 and 2019.ResultsFive themes were identified through analysis: (a) enduring multiple forms of abuse across the lifespan, (b) enduring the pain and suffering of IPV, (c) IPV's lasting impact on the health of older women, (d) finding support and learning to cope, and (e) escape from violence. Participants experienced adverse events in childhood that influenced IPV experiences as adults, continuing until after the age of 60. Cultural factors influenced participants' experiences of IPV, specifically ‘machismo’. IPV was related to harmful effects on psychological and physiological health.ConclusionThe health management and early identification of IPV, along with referrals to centres dealing with trauma or violence, helped participants receive the appropriate nursing interventions to find their way out of the violence.ImpactNurses must be educated in the complexity of IPV and adopt a trauma‐informed, culturally sensitive approach to provide an environment in which older women feel safe and able to disclose their experiences of IPV.
Evaluating compositional changes in the avian communities of eastern North America using temperature and precipitation indices
Authors: Curley Shannon R. , Manne Lisa L. , Ramírez‐Garofalo José R. , Veit Richard R. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimSpecies distributions are altered by climate change, resulting in changes in community composition. How communities are changing with climate is important for understanding the dynamics of changing diversity patterns. In this study, we employ two community weighted means (CWMs) of temperature (CTI) and precipitation (CPI) to evaluate patterns in climate‐driven community changes.LocationEastern North America between −100° and −60° longitude and 25°–50°N latitude.TaxonNorth American birdsMethodsWe used North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) data from 1990 to 2018 to test the spatiotemporal trends of these indices at a sub‐continental (across all BBS routes) and at a regional scale (sub‐continental scale partitioned by 5° latitude bands). We employ a jackknife analysis to highlight individual species contributions to CTI and CPI trends and further identify group characteristics of species based on relative abundance trends and range expansion and contraction trends.ResultsAcross all BBS routes, temperature marginally increased and precipitation significantly increased. At the sub‐continental scale, we found no correlation between CTI and temperature, but a positive correlation between CPI and precipitation. CTI and CPI both increased, driven by increased abundances of “warm” and “wet” dwelling species expanding in range. Regional scale CTI and CPI patterns deviated from sub‐continental patterns. CTI was driven by “warm” dwelling species increasing in abundance and expanding in range, whereas decreases in “dry” dwelling species contracting in range drove CPI trends at the highest latitudes.Main conclusionsThe concurrent use of CTI and CPI highlights that community dynamics are more complicated than using temperature metrics alone. Employing more than one community index demonstrates how simultaneous increases in two separate evaluative indices can have disproportionate effects on the number of species that contribute to a trend and highlight disparate mechanisms that contribute to these underlying differences.
Rethinking the Rise of China: A Postcolonial Critique of China and a Chinese Critique of the Postcolonial
Authors: Tenzin Jinba 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article is intended to rethink a symbiotic but otherwise inadequately attended relationship between postcolonial studies and Chinese academia at a time when the rise of China evokes epistemic, ontological and empirical challenges for critical reflection. Above all, I argue that China is situated in her postcolonial conditions in such a way that these conditions largely define China's multi‐faceted positioning as colonial agent, (semi‐)colonial victim, recipient of colonialist ideology, overthrower of that ideology and its accompanying world‐system, and contender for the “top place” within such a world‐system. Postcolonial theory hence becomes relevant and productive in terms of its potential to problematize various puzzles, contradictions and tensions during China's rise like widespread disregard of basic civic values, political partisanship in scholarship, aggravation of the East‐West divide and rising Chinese exceptionalism. Additionally, however, this article also pinpoints the need to transform and reshape the oftentimes Eurocentric inclination in postcolonial studies through an incorporation of the revolutionary and post‐revolutionary experiences in China and elsewhere. Doing so therefore calls for a post‐revolutionary paradigm as proposed by Wang Hui, among others. I thus advocate cross‐fertilization, rather than mutual exclusion, not only between the postcolonial and post‐revolutionary paradigms but also between postcolonial studies and Chinese scholarship/academia.
From the editors: Introduction to the emerging discourse incubator on the topic of leveraging multiple types of resources within the supply network for competitive advantage
Authors: Cantor David E. , Yan Tingting , Pagell Mark , Tate Wendy L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe Journal of Supply Chain Management's 2022 emerging discourse incubator looks to encourage scholars from different disciplines to develop and test new theories to advance our understanding about why and how firms should manage supply network resources for deploying competitive actions and gaining competitive advantage. To start that discourse, this issue offers three invited papers. In “Broadening our understanding of interfirm rivalry: A call for research on how supply networks shape competitive behavior and performance,” Christian Hofer, Jordan Barker, Laura d'Oria, and Jon Johnson discuss the criticality of the supply network to a focal firm's capability in engaging competitive behaviors and the effectiveness of their rivalrous activities, which together affect the firm's competitive advantage. Michael Howe and Yao Jin explore the relational multiplexity theoretical framework in “It's Nothing Personal, or is it? Exploring How Relational Multiplexity in the Supply Chain Can Enhance Competitive Behavior.” In “A theoretical model on how firms can leverage their supply chain strategy through political actions,” Abhay Grover and Martin Dresner use the structure‐conduct‐performance and competitive dynamics perspectives to theorize about the relationship between political strategies, supply chain risk management strategy, and firm competitive advantage. These invited papers provide a solid foundation to further a discourse that explains how and why changes in supply chain networks can enable firms to rapidly introduce competitive actions such as new product innovations to remain competitive in their respective industries.
Carnivore coexistence facilitated by spatial and dietary partitioning and fine‐scale behavioural avoidance in a semi‐arid ecosystem
Authors: Müller Lana , Briers‐Louw Willem Daniel , Amin Rajan , Lochner Christiaan Stefanus , Leslie Alison Jane 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSympatric carnivores compete for similar resources which may lead to dominant species influencing the ecology of subordinate ones. However, carnivores often make use of coevolutionary strategies which enable them to minimise competition with dominant competitors and thus facilitate coexistence. We used camera trapping and scat analysis to investigate the potential competition between leopards (Panthera pardus) and caracals (Caracal caracal) along spatial, temporal and dietary axes to determine the mechanisms of their coexistence in the Cederberg, South Africa. Our results showed that both carnivores co‐occurred at 39.73% of camera trapping sites, but spatial overlap based on Pianka's index was relatively low. We found a high overlap in daily activity patterns between these carnivore species both during winter and summer. Leopards and caracals exhibited fine‐scale behavioural avoidance of one another, with time‐to‐encounters between interspecific competitors being significantly larger compared to intraspecific competitors. The two carnivores had a relatively high diet overlap, although this was largely due to one prey species, namely rock hyrax (Procavia capensis), which appears to be an important shared prey item. However, we did find evidence of dietary niche segregation, as leopards consumed larger prey compared to caracals. Our study suggests that carnivore coexistence in the Cederberg is facilitated by a combination of population‐level partitioning in space‐use and dietary habits, as well as fine‐scale behavioural avoidance at the individual level to reduce interference competition. This study provides insights into the competition and coexistence mechanisms between sympatric carnivores and broadens our understanding of these ecological processes in carnivore guild systems.
Comparative transcriptomics reveals altered species interaction between the bioeroding sponge Cliona varians and the coral Porites furcata under ocean acidification
Authors: DeBiasse Melissa B. , Stubler Amber D. , Kelly Morgan W. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBioeroding sponges interact and compete with corals on tropical reefs. Experimental studies have shown global change alters this biotic interaction, often in favour of the sponge. Ocean acidification in particular increases sponge bioerosion and reduces coral calcification, yet little is known about the molecular basis of these changes. We used RNA‐Seq data to understand how acidification impacts the interaction between the bioeroding sponge, Cliona varians, and the coral, Porites furcata, at the transcriptomic level. Replicate sponge and coral genets were exposed to ambient (8.1 pH) and acidified (7.6 pH) conditions in isolation and in treatments where they were joined for 48 h. The coral had a small gene expression response (tens of transcripts) to the sponge, suggesting it does little at the transcriptomic level to deter sponge overgrowth. By contrast, the sponge differentially expressed 7320 transcripts in response to the coral under ambient conditions and 3707 transcripts in response to acidification. Overlap in the responses to acidification and the coral, 2500 transcripts expressed under both treatments, suggests a similar physiological response to both cues. The sponge expressed 50× fewer transcripts in response to the coral under acidification, suggesting energetic costs of bioerosion, and other cellular processes, are lower for sponges under acidification. Our results suggest how acidification drives ecosystem‐level changes in the accretion/bioerosion balance on coral reefs. This shift is not only the result of changes to the thermodynamic balance of these chemical reactions but also the result of active physiological responses of organisms to each other and their abiotic environment.
Evolutionary biology of lichen symbioses
Authors: Spribille Toby , Resl Philipp , Stanton Daniel E. , Tagirdzhanova Gulnara 
Published: March 2022

SummaryLichens are the symbiotic outcomes of open, interspecies relationships, central to which are a fungus and a phototroph, typically an alga and/or cyanobacterium. The evolutionary processes that led to the global success of lichens are poorly understood. In this review, we explore the goods and services exchange between fungus and phototroph and how this propelled the success of both symbiont and symbiosis. Lichen fungal symbionts count among the only filamentous fungi that expose most of their mycelium to an aerial environment. Phototrophs export carbohydrates to the fungus, which converts them to specific polyols. Experimental evidence suggests that polyols are not only growth and respiratory substrates but also play a role in anhydrobiosis, the capacity to survive desiccation. We propose that this dual functionality is pivotal to the evolution of fungal symbionts, enabling persistence in environments otherwise hostile to fungi while simultaneously imposing costs on growth. Phototrophs, in turn, benefit from fungal protection from herbivory and light stress, while appearing to exert leverage over fungal sex and morphogenesis. Combined with the recently recognized habit of symbionts to occur in multiple symbioses, this creates the conditions for a multiplayer marketplace of rewards and penalties that could drive symbiont selection and lichen diversification.
Change in use of pediatric oral antibiotics in Japan, pre‐ and post‐implementation of an antimicrobial resistance action plan
Authors: Iwamoto Noriko , Morisaki Naho , Uda Kazuhiro , Kasai Masashi , Kodama Eiichi N. , Ohmagari Norio , Miyairi Isao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundMost antimicrobials are prescribed to outpatients, making outpatient antibiotic prescription an important target for antibiotic stewardship. A national antimicrobial resistance (AMR) action plan was developed in 2016 by the Japanese government with various antimicrobials steawardship activities for pediatric outpatients. We aimed to evaluate changes in antibiotic use pre‐ and post‐implementation of the AMR action plan.MethodsAll antimicrobials prescribed to pediatric outpatients in Japan from 2011 to 2018 were retrospectively analyzed using data from a national database. Antimicrobials dispensed for patients aged ≤19 years were reviewed. Antimicrobial use was surveyed by age, year of use, type of antimicrobial prescribed, and prescribing facility. Five cities were selected as pilot areas to investigate the variations, based on the clinical specialties of the prescribing physicians.ResultsAntimicrobial usage varied with age. Specifically, usage decreased post‐AMR in patients aged ≤8 years and increased in those aged >15 years. Further, antimicrobial prescriptions tended to decrease after 2016 in primary care clinics and hospitals. In the pilot areas of the study, 35% of all oral antimicrobials were prescribed in otolaryngology departments, and 8% were prescribed in dermatology clinics. Notably, antimicrobial prescriptions from both departments showed an upward trend from 2011 to 2018.ConclusionThe use of antimicrobial agents decreased in children younger than 8 years in pediatric clinics, hospitals, and internal medicine clinics. However, use increased in children older than 15 years and in other specialty clinics. Settings with an increasing use of antimicrobials are potential targets for the next antibiotic stewardship program and should be investigated in detail.
Michler’s Ketone: β‐CyclodextrinHost–Guest Inclusion Complex for Enhancing the Ultraviolet Protection Factor of Poplin Cotton Fabric
Authors: Krishnamoorthy Sivakumar , Allabasha Nalini , Mani Murali Krishnan , Sarkar Ajoy K. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMichler’s ketone(4,4’ bis(N,N‐dimethylamino)benzophenone)mkis a potential ultraviolet radiation (UVR) absorber in various materials. In this study, we have tested the UVR filtering ability ofmkon cotton fabric. The beta‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) inclusion complex ofmkenhances ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) drastically. The impact of β‐CD on the UVR filtering ofmkare demonstrated by investigating theguest(mk:absorbers)‐host(β‐CD:enhancer) inclusion complex. Spectral and molecular docking analysis ofmk:β‐CDcomplex infers the vertical insertion of the guest molecule by positioning ‐C=O group ofmkat the center of the host molecule with the exclusion of the terminal atoms of guest molecule outside the β‐CD cavity. Thus, the host; β‐CD renders an inflexible fit to the guest:mk. The inflexible fit ofmkinto the β‐CD cavity enhances the UVR dissipation when it is incorporated on the poplin cotton fabric. With UPF = 46mk:β‐CD complexis proposed as a potential UVR absorber suitable for manufacturing sun protective textiles. The holding ofmkby β‐CD enhances the UVR dissipation and hence facilitates the native red‐shifted emission and non‐radiative relaxation by the formation of twisted intramolecular charge transfer inmk.
Regions of Reduced Total Enthalpy in the Near Wake of a Body in a Viscous Gas Flow
Authors: Aleksyuk A. I. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract—
The influence of the body shape on gas cooling (decrease in the stagnation temperature) in regions of reduced total enthalpy in the wake is studied. The problem is simulated by numerically solving the Navier–Stokes equations for a two-dimensional viscous perfect gas flow around thermally insulated bodies at the Reynolds number $${\text{Re}} = 1000$$ and the Mach number $${{{\text{M}}}_{\infty }} = 0.4$$. Elliptic-cross-section cylinders and a pair of side-by-side circular cylinders located across the flow are considered. The accuracy of the results of simplified models for describing the phenomenon based on the velocity field in the developed wake is discussed. Some examples that demonstrate that neglecting the total enthalpy redistribution during the vortex formation process in such models can lead to considerable deviations from the data of numerical calculations in vortex cores are given.
Transplastomic Plants: Problems of Production and Their Solution
Authors: Rozov S. M. , Sidorchuk Yu. V. , Deineko E. V. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The major problem associated with production of transgenic proteins in plant expression systems is the low level of their accumulation. Transplastomic plants with a transgene incorporated not in the nuclear but in the plastid genome (plastome) in some cases ensure elevation of the yield of the desired protein dozens of times and more. However, two problems arise in this case: low frequency of integration of transgenes into the plastid genome and difficulties with production of homoplastomic and homoplastidic plants. Recently, a number of tendencies to overcome these difficulties have been outlined. The first problem is being solved via an improvement of the systems of delivery of exogenous DNA and a fine design of the vectors and the second by multistep screening on several antibiotics and the use of dedifferentiated tissues for transformation. This review deals with a detailed analysis of these problems and their solution.
Physical activity as a protective factor for dementia and Alzheimer’s disease: systematic review, meta-analysis and quality assessment of cohort and case–control studies
Authors: Iso-Markku Paula , Kujala Urho M , Knittle Keegan , Polet Juho , Vuoksimaa Eero , Waller Katja 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivePhysical activity (PA) is associated with a decreased incidence of dementia, but much of the evidence comes from short follow-ups prone to reverse causation. This meta-analysis investigates the effect of study length on the association.DesignA systematic review and meta-analysis. Pooled effect sizes, dose–response analysis and funnel plots were used to synthesise the results.Data sourcesCINAHL (last search 19 October 2021), PsycInfo, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science (21 October 2021) and SPORTDiscus (26 October 2021).Eligibility criteriaStudies of adults with a prospective follow-up of at least 1 year, a valid cognitive measure or cohort in mid-life at baseline and an estimate of the association between baseline PA and follow-up all-cause dementia, Alzheimer’s disease or vascular dementia were included (n=58).ResultsPA was associated with a decreased risk of all-cause dementia (pooled relative risk 0.80, 95% CI 0.77 to 0.84, n=257 983), Alzheimer’s disease (0.86, 95% CI 0.80 to 0.93, n=128 261) and vascular dementia (0.79, 95% CI 0.66 to 0.95, n=33 870), even in longer follow-ups (≥20 years) for all-cause dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. Neither baseline age, follow-up length nor study quality significantly moderated the associations. Dose–response meta-analyses revealed significant linear, spline and quadratic trends within estimates for all-cause dementia incidence, but only a significant spline trend for Alzheimer’s disease. Funnel plots showed possible publication bias for all-cause dementia and Alzheimer’s disease.ConclusionPA was associated with lower incidence of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer’s disease, even in longer follow-ups, supporting PA as a modifiable protective lifestyle factor, even after reducing the effects of reverse causation.
Physiological-based cord clamping versus immediate cord clamping for infants born with a congenital diaphragmatic hernia (PinC): study protocol for a multicentre, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Horn-Oudshoorn Emily J J , Knol Ronny , Vermeulen Marijn J , te Pas Arjan B , Hooper Stuart B , Cochius-den Otter Suzan C M , Wijnen Rene M H , Crossley Kelly J , Rafat Neysan , Schaible Thomas , de Boode Willem P , Debeer Anne , Urlesberger Berndt , Roberts Calum T , Kipfmueller Florian , Reiss Irwin K M , DeKoninck Philip L J 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionPulmonary hypertension is a major determinant of postnatal survival in infants with a congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). The current care during the perinatal stabilisation period in these infants might contribute to the development of pulmonary hypertension after birth—in particular umbilical cord clamping before lung aeration. An ovine model of diaphragmatic hernia demonstrated that cord clamping after lung aeration, called physiological-based cord clamping (PBCC), avoided the initial high pressures in the lung vasculature while maintaining adequate blood flow, thereby avoiding vascular remodelling and aggravation of pulmonary hypertension. We aim to investigate if the implementation of PBCC in the perinatal stabilisation period of infants born with a CDH could reduce the incidence of pulmonary hypertension in the first 24 hours after birth.Methods and analysisWe will perform a multicentre, randomised controlled trial in infants with an isolated left-sided CDH, born at ≥35.0 weeks. Before birth, infants will be randomised to either PBCC or immediate cord clamping, stratified by treatment centre and severity of pulmonary hypoplasia on antenatal ultrasound. PBCC will be performed using a purpose-built resuscitation trolley. Cord clamping will be performed when the infant is considered respiratory stable, defined as a heart rate >100 bpm, preductal oxygen saturation >85%, while using a fraction of inspired oxygen of <0.5. The primary outcome is pulmonary hypertension diagnosed in the first 24 hours after birth, based on clinical and echocardiographic parameters. Secondary outcomes include neonatal as well as maternal outcomes.Ethics and disseminationCentral ethical approval was obtained from the Medical Ethical Committee of the Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (METC 2019-0414). Local ethical approval will be obtained by submitting the protocol to the regulatory bodies and local institutional review boards.Trial registration numberNCT04373902.