bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Interactive Association of Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference with Body Fat Using Beta Regression
Authors: Gao Wenlong , Ma Xiaojie , Qiao Xiaowei , Wang Zengwu , Zeng Zhimei , Ke Yongsong , Zhi Mingqian , Shao Li , Dang Shaonong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground:The relationship of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with body fat rate (BFR) was analyzed frequently using linear model with normal distribution assumption. We aimed to investigate the association between of them using beta regression more applicable to BFR data to gain a deeper understanding of the best predictors of BFR.Methods:We analyzed 1087 middle-aged or elderly people from the Lanzhou rural cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease and risk factor study. The location submodel (LSM) of the multivariate beta regression was used to evaluate the effect or interactions of BMI and WC on BFR while its precision submodel (PSM) was fitted synchronously to evaluate the impact of all entered factors on the variance of BFR.Results:Overall, the BFR had a mean of 0.28 with a standard deviation of 0.07. LSM of the multivariate beta regression showed that overweight (OWBMI) or general obesity (GOBMI) increased the likelihood of BFR increase by 18% (95%CI: 15%~22%) or 36% (95%CI: 31%~42%) respectively but central obesity (COWC) only by 12% (95%CI: 9%~16%). Moreover, there existed the interactions of BMI and WC on BFR and the results showed that compared to normal or underweight with BMI and non-central obesity, OWBMI+COWCcould increase the likelihood of BFR increase by 33% (95%CI: 28%~37%) and GOBMI+COWChad a 54% (95%CI: 48%~61%) increase the likelihood of BFR increase. In addition, PSM showed that the variance of BFR decreased in some cases.Conclusion:In the beta regression BFR could be predicted with BMI or WC but BMI better and the combination of BMI and WC could increase their individual predictive performance.
Diagnostic Performance of MRI for Prediction of Recurrent Prostate Cancer after High-intensity Focused Ultrasound: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Ahn Hyungwoo , Hwang Sung Il , Lee Hak Jong , Kim Sang Youn , Cho Jeong Yeon , Kim Taek Min 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the pooled diagnostic performance control MRI for prediction of recurrent prostate cancer (PCa) after high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU).
Materials and Methods
MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane library databases up to December 31st 2021 were searched. We included studies providing 2x2 contingency table for diagnostic performance of MRI in predicting recurrent PCa after HIFU, using control biopsy as reference standard. The quality of the included studies was assessed using Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2). Sensitivity and specificity were pooled and displayed in a summary receiver operating characteristics (SROC) plot. Meta-regression analysis using clinically relevant covariates was performed for the causes of heterogeneity.
Results
19 studies (703 patients) were included. All included studies satisfied at least four of the seven QUADAS-2 domains. Pooled sensitivity was 0.81 (95% CI 0.72–0.90) with specificity of 0.91 (95% CI 0.86–0.96), with area under the SROC curve of 0.81. Larger studies including more than 50 patients showed relatively poor sensitivity (0.68 vs. 0.84) and specificity (0.75 vs. 0.93). The diagnostic performance of studies reporting higher nadir serum prostate-specific antigen levels (> 1 ng/mL) after HIFU was inferior, and differed significantly in sensitivity (0.54 vs. 0.78) rather than specificity (0.85 vs. 0.91).
Conclusions
Although MRI showed adequate diagnostic performance in predicting PCa recurrence after HIFU, these results may have been exaggerated.
Geological signatures of mega-earthquake and tsunami along Andaman-Arakan Segment and evidence post-relaxation from West Coast of Andaman Island, India
Authors: Malik Javed N , Khan Afzal , Shah Afroz , SHISHIKURA Masanobu , Satake Kenji , Gahalaut Vineet K 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Tirur village located ~2.5 km inland along the western coast of Andaman Island experienced marginal subsidence during the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman (Mw 9.3) earthquake, causing inundation by tidal waters. Observations made in 2005, 2009, 2010 and 2011 revealed reduction in inundation limits of the tidal-marsh. Geomorphic and GPS observations suggest that the area experienced gradual but faster uplift during post 2004 till 2009, followed by gradual uplift with slower pace, indicating process of post-seismic relaxation. Shallow stratigraphic records exhibit four earthquakes including the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake. Unit a massive clayey-silt suggests a deeper environment before 3500 yr BP. Overlying thick peat (Unit b) represents tidal-marsh or wetland, suggesting emergence at or above mean sea-level during Event-I, this uplift was during 3022-3500 yr BP (BCE 1897-1369). Unit c medium-coarse sand with prominent bi-directional structures, and sharp contact with underlying Unit b, indicates a tsunami by Event-II during 1147 ± 108 yr BP (CE 674-1098). We infer that this was a mega-earthquake occurred along Andaman-Arakan Segment producing a transoceanic tsunami. Event-II caused subsidence followed by gradual uplift during post-seismic relaxation as marked by comparatively finer (bottom) and coarser (upper) sediments in Unit d. The post-seismic process was like the 2004 event which did not leave tsunami deposit. The Event-III during CE 1712-1852 was a tsunami marked by fine yellowish medium-fine sand (Unit e), inundated the area with relatively low-energy conditions, correlated with CE 1762 Arakan earthquake. Event-III resulted uplift facilitating formation of overlying peat (Unit f). Finally, the area subsided during 2004 earthquake (Event-IV).
Pfmdr 1 and Kelch 13 Genes Distribution among Children that are 5 Years and Below in Akure, Nigeria.
Authors: AFOLABI OLAJIDE JOSEPH , Oluwafemi Olubanke Rosena , Oniya Mobolanle Oladipo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Malaria parasite resistant has been a major barrier to effective treatment of malaria. Therefore, the study aimed to evaluate the distribution of P. falciparum resistant Kelch protein gene on chromosome 13 (Kelch 13) and multidrug resistant (Pfmdr1) mutant genes among children aged five years and below who attended Mother and Child Hospital, Akure, Nigeria. Thin and thick smears were prepared from the blood collected aseptically through venepuncture from five hundred (500) children. Structured questionnaires were used to obtain demographic data from the respondents. Two hundred malaria positive samples were randomly selected from the 500 samples for PCR analysis to detect Pfmdr1 and Kelch 13 mutant genes. The results showed that of the 500 respondents, 288 (57.6%) were males while 212 (42.4%) were females. Pfmdr1distribution include: mixed group (mutant/wild) 38.5%, mutant gene 35.5%, wild gene 20.5% and the resistant genes were absent in 5.5% of the infected children. The mixed group of Pfmdr1 gene was higher among infants (51.9%), children with birth order 4 (60.0%) and children that have blood group B (51.3%), however, there is no significant difference in the distribution of Pfmdr1 between gender (χ2 = 0.634, df = 1, p > 0.05). There was a point mutation in the codon position 557 where the amino acid Alanine was replaced by Serine in the PfK13. The presence of Pfmdr1 mutant genes and point mutation in the PfK13 gene of P. falciparum among children, calls for development of innovative drugs targeted on these resistant strains.
Differential gene expression analysis of the resprouting process in Pinus canariensis provides new insights into a rare trait in conifers
Authors: Chano Víctor , Gailing Oliver , Collada Carmen , Soto Alvaro 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Resprouting, one of the main fire-adapted traits, is crucial in population dynamics in response to wildfires or herbivory. This trait, common in angiosperms, is rare in conifers, being Pinus canariensis one of the few species able to resprout. We analyzed gene expression during wound-induced resprouting in 5 years-old Canarian pines. RNA was extracted at three dates, including control samples from remote branches, representing immediate response to wounding (R0), resprouting initiation (R1), and elongation (R2), and then hybridized to a microarray designed with 15000 cDNAs from Pinus canariensis transcriptome of meristematic activity. We found 1164 Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) as response to wounding grouped in 6 clusters across time points. Genes related to defense- and stress-response were mainly found to be overexpressed at R0, including disease resistance response protein 206-like, or pathogenesis-related proteins PR-4b-like, among others. We also found DEGs coding for transcription factors such as GROWTH-REGULATING FACTOR (GRF), FLOWERING-PROMOTING FACTOR (FPF), and the HOMEODOMAIN LEUCINE ZIPPER Class IV (HD-ZIP IV), mainly related to outgrowth processes and lateral organogenesis in plants, showing overexpression at R1 and R2, when new shoots were emerging. This data was compared to differential gene expression during apical growth in P. canariensis, suggesting similarities and differences between vegetative apical growth and regulation of lateral shoot development in response to mechanical wounding.
CryoGrid-PIXUL-RNA: High throughput RNA isolation platform for tissue transcript analysis
Authors: Schactler Scott , Scheuerman Stephen , Lius Andrea , Altemeier William , An Dowon , Matula Thomas , Mikula Michal , Kulecka Maria , Denisenko Oleg , Mar Daniel , Bomsztyk Karol 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Disease molecular complexity requires high throughput workflows to map disease pathways through analysis of vast tissue repositories. Great progress has been made in tissue multiomics analytical technologies. To match the high throughput of these advanced analytical platforms, we have previously developed a multipurpose 96-well microplate sonicator, PIXUL, that can be used in multiple workflows to extract analytes from cultured cells and tissue fragments for various downstream molecular assays. And yet, the sample preparation devices, such as PIXUL, along with the downstream multiomics analytical capabilities have not been fully exploited to interrogate tissues because storing and sampling of such biospecimens remain, in comparison, inefficient. Results: To mitigate this tissue interrogation bottleneck, we have developed a low-cost user-friendly system, CryoGrid, to catalog, cryostore and sample tissue fragments. TRIzol is widely used to isolate RNA but it is labor-intensive, hazardous, requires fume-hoods, and is an expensive reagent. Columns are also commonly used to extract RNA but they involve many steps, are prone to human errors, and are also expensive. Both TRIzol and column protocols use test tubes. We developed a microplate PIXUL-based TRIzol-free and column-free RNA isolation protocol that uses a buffer containing proteinase K (PK buffer). We have integrated the CryoGrid system with PIXUL-based PK buffer, TRIzol, and PureLink column methods to isolate RNA for gene-specific qPCR and genome-wide transcript analyses. CryoGrid-PIXUL, when integrated with either PK buffer, TRIzol or PureLink column RNA isolation protocols, yielded similar transcript profiles in frozen organs (brain, heart, kidney and liver) from a mouse model of sepsis. Conclusions: RNA isolation using the CryoGrid-PIXUL system combined with the 96-well microplate PK buffer method offers an inexpensive user-friendly high throughput workflow to study transcriptional responses in tissues in health and disease as well as in therapeutic interventions. Keywords: CryoGrid for tissues cryostoring and sampling, proteinase K, PIXUL RNA extraction, RNA sequencing, transcriptomics
Nitrogen fixation by beans in crop mixtures is influenced by functional traits of associated species
Authors: Singh Akanksha , Schöb Christian , Iannetta Pietro 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Purpose
Legumes can fix atmospheric nitrogen and facilitate nitrogen availability to their companion plants in crop mixtures. However, biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) of legumes in intercrops varies largely with the identity of the legume species. The aim of our study was to understand whether BNF and concentration of essential plant nutrients by common bean is influenced by the functional traits of the companion plant species in crop mixtures.
Methods
In this greenhouse pot study, common beans were cultivated with another legume (chickpea) and a cereal (Sorghum). We compared BNF, crop biomass and nutrient assimilation of all plant species grown in monocultures with plants grown in crop mixtures.
Results
We found beans to exhibit low levels of BNF, and to potentially compete with other species for available nitrogen in crop mixtures. The BNF of chickpeas however, was enhanced when grown in mixtures. Furthermore, biomass, phosphorous and potassium values of chickpea and Sorghum plants were higher in monocultures, compared to in mixtures with beans; suggesting competitive effects of beans on these plants. Concentration of calcium, magnesium and zinc in beans was higher when grown with chickpeas than with Sorghum.
Conclusion
It is generally assumed that legumes benefit their companion plant species. Our study highlights the contrary and shows that the specific benefits of cereal-legume mixtures are dependent on the functional biology of the species concerned. We further highlight that the potential of legume-legume mixtures is currently undervalued and may play a strong role in increasing nitrogen use efficiency of intercrop-based crop systems.
PRMT5 and CDK4/6 inhibition result in distinctive patterns of alternative splicing in melanoma
Authors: Chan Lok Hang , Wang Peihan , Abuhammad Shatha , Cursons Joseph , Sheppard Karen E , Goode David L 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
BackgroundDrugs targeting cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) are promising new treatments for melanoma and other solid malignancies. In studies on CDK4/6 inhibitor resistance, protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) regulation of alternative splicing was shown to be an important downstream component of the CDK4/6 pathway. However, the full effects of inhibition of CDK4/6 on splicing events in melanoma and the extent to which they are dependent on PRMT5 has not been established. MethodsWe performed full-length mRNA sequencing on CHL1 melanoma cell lines treated with the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib and the PRMT5 inhibitor GSK3326595 and analysed data for differential gene expression and differential pre-mRNA splicing induced by these agents. ResultsChanges in gene expression and RNA splicing were more extensive under PRMT5 inhibition than under CDK4/6 inhibition. Although PRMT5 inhibition and CDK4/6 inhibition induced common RNA splicing events and gene expression profiles, the majority of events induced by CDK4/6 inhibition were distinct. ConclusionsThis indicates CDK4/6 has the ability to regulate alternative splicing in a manner that is distinct from PRMT5 inhibition, resulting in divergent changes in gene expression under each therapy. These results have important implications for developing treatment strategies that prevent emergence of resistance to CDK4/6 inhibition in melanoma.
Efficacy and safety of decompressive craniectomy in acute ischemic stroke patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis
Authors: Sadeghi-Hokmabadi Elyar , Mirzaei Farhad , Yazdchi Mohammad , Jalili Javad , Sadeghpour Yalda , Nemati-Anari Behzad , Farhoudi Mehdi , Roumiani Pouneh Hamian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The optimal timing for decompressive hemicraniectomy (DHC) after intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) remains unclear. This study in patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with IVT aimed to assess the safety of DHC and patient outcome.METHODS: Data was extracted from the Tabriz stroke registry from June 2011 up to September 2020. In all, 881 patients were treated with IVT. Among these, 23 patient underwent DH. Six patients were excluded due to symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (parenchymal hematoma type 2 based on the SITS-MOST definition) after IVT; the remaining 17 patients were enrolled in the study. Functional outcome at three months was assessed by the modified Rankin Scale, where 0-3 was considered moderate disability and 4-6 was considered severe disability. Safety outcome was assessed by comparison of two scans just prior to and after craniectomy. Any new hemorrhage or worsening of previous hemorrhage was reported. Parenchymal hematoma type 2, based on ECASS II definition, was considered as major surgical complication. This study was approved by the local ethics committee of the Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (Ethics Code: IR.TBZMED.REC.1398.420). RESULTS: At the three-month mRS follow up, six patients (36%) had moderate and five (28%) had severe disability. The outcome of death was observed in six patients (36%). Nine of 15 patients (60%) underwent surgery in the first 48 hours after onset of symptoms. No patient over 60 years of age survived to the three-month follow up; 67% of those who were under 60 years and underwent DH in the first 48 hours had favorable outcome. Hemorrhagic complication was seen in 60% of patients but none was major.CONCLUSION: outcome of DHC after IVT was comparable to other patients who underwent DHC and did not receive IVT. Although the rate of all bleeding was higher, none was major and DHC was safe even in the first 48 hours after onset of symptoms.
Triple vs. Single Uterine Tourniquet to Reduce Hemorrhage at Myomectomy: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Gumusburun Neset , Al Ragip Atakan , Yapca Omer 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare triple uterine tourniquet to single tourniquet on intraoperative blood loss at open myomectomy.Methods: Women were randomized to undergo open myomectomy with triple (n=30) or single uterine tourniquet (n=30). All symptomatic women aged 18-48 who have a three or more myoma or at least one myoma greater than 8 cm if there is less than three myoma were eligible to study. The primary outcome variable of the study was amount of intraoperative blood loss. Sample size was set to detect a 240 ml difference in blood loss with 80% power at α=0.05 with an effect size of 0.8. The rate of transfusions, change in hemoglobin, volume in drains, operation time, tourniquet time and perioperative complications were secondary outcomes.Results: We found no significant difference in intraoperative blood loss between triple and single uterine tourniquet (527[102-2931]) ml vs. 508[172-2764] ml, p=0.238). Between single and triple tourniquet groups, the median weight of myoma (379[136-3850] vs.330[140-1636] g, p=.451) and median number of it (1[1-18] vs. 2(1-13), p=0.214), total operation time (84±31 min. vs. 79±27 min., p=0.503), ischemia time (35±21 min. vs. 30±14 min., p=0.238), drain volume at 48th hour (196±89)ml vs. 243±148 ml , p=0.144) and decrease in hemoglobin (2,3±1,8 g/dL vs. 2,8±1,4 g/dL, p=0.437) were similar. Eight (27%) patients in triple tourniquet group and 12 (40%) in single tourniquet group were transfused (p=0.273). One patient underwent hysterectomy 6-8 hours after myomectomy in single tourniquet group.Conclusion: There is no clinically significant difference between triple and single uterine tourniquets on intraoperative blood loss at open myomectomy.Clinical Trial Registration Number and date of registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02392585, 03/13/2015.
Effect of tool pin length on interfacial behaviors and mechanical properties of friction stir welded lap joints of 430/304 stainless steels
Authors: Guo Guolin , Shen Yifu , Ou Wenmin , Yu Xueyong , Cui Chenshuo , Xu Zhengya , Zhou Sheng , Chen Hongming 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this study, the effect of tool pin length on friction stir lap welding of 430 and 304 stainless steels has been investigated. The thermal history of interface was measured by thermocouple. The interfacial macro- and micro-structures under different tool pin lengths were analyzed via OM and SEM. Also, tensile shear tests were carried out to evaluate the strength of the lap joint. The results show that increasing the pin length from 0.5 to 1.3 mm increases the peak temperature of the interface, which has a significant effect on diffusion layer formation and hook geometry. The fracture mode of the joints shifts from shear fracture to tensile fracture with the increase of the pin insertion depth. When the pin length is 1.0 mm, i.e. a slight penetration into the 304 plate, the joint presents a maximum failure load of 2.86 kN. The findings reveal that the effective plate thickness (Teff) used to describe the hook geometry is an important factor determining the joint strength and fracture mode.
Chromosomal Positions of 5S and 45S rDNA in some Iranian Fritillaria (Liliaceae) species
Authors: Seifoori Neda , Mirzaghaderi Ghader , Hosseini Shahla 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The present study investigated 5S and 45S rDNA sites in six Fritillaria species. All species were diploid with 2n = 2x = 24 chromosomes. One, three, or four B chromosomes (Bs) were detected in F. assyriaca ecotypes. Another two B- chromosomes were observed for F. zagrica. One to two pairs of 5S rDNA sites were observed in terminal or sub-terminal chromosomal regions. The number of 45S rDNA sites was one pair in F. raddeana, three in F. assyriaca, F. zagrica, and F. persica, four in F. avromanica, and eight in F. chlorantha. Most of the 45S rDNA sites were distal except for F. raddeana with a pair in interstitial and F. chlorantha with two pairs in sub-terminal locations. Chromosome and karyotype indices were identified, F. avromanica and F. chlorantha as the species with the most symmetrical and asymmetrical chromosomes, respectively. Cluster analysis of the karyotype similarity matrix showed that the number and distribution of the observed rDNA sites were not congruent with the taxonomy of species in the defined subgenus entirely. Particularly for F. chlorantha which belongs to the Fritillaria subg.
Using Hydrogeological Maps to Predict the Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Groundwater Boreholes
Authors: ElDisogi Nagm Eldin Mubark Ahmed 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Water is the essential resource in the earth from which all livings have been created. One of the most important water resources is groundwater. This study aimed to construct variable sorts of digital maps using quantitative and qualitative data of groundwater in Wad Medani City – Gezira State – Sudan. These maps together comprised the so called hydrogeological map from which the characteristics of groundwater in the studied area could be obtained. These characteristics are represented by four quantitative properties which are: static water level (SWL), dynamic water levels (DWL), discharge (Q) and pump setting depth (D) and three qualitative properties which are total dissolved solids (TDS), cations concentrations represented by Na+, Ca++, Mg+ and K+ and anions concentrations represented by Cl-, SO4- - and HCO3-, for all the drilled boreholes in the upper aquifer of Wad Medani City, Gezira Formation Aquifer. The kinds of hydrogeological maps constructed by using these data are contour, three dimensioned, colored and shaded maps. From these maps we can forecast the characteristics of boreholes before drilling and this will support the planning processes and decision making. The study recommends that, it is necessary to design and construct hydrogeological maps for all localities of Gezira State so as to have basic information about the groundwater of the whole region to support groundwater management as well as planning and decision making.