bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Posttraumatic Headache
Authors: Heinzelmann Morgan , Woods Christine , Vargas Bert B. , Stokes Mathew 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPosttraumatic headache (PTH) is the most common secondary headache disorder, accounting for approximately 4% of all headache disorders. It is the most common symptom following concussion (mild traumatic brain injury) and can be debilitating for many who have persistent symptoms. With a recent increase in public awareness regarding traumatic brain injury, there has been a corresponding increase in PTH research. The pathophysiology of PTH remains poorly understood and the underlying mechanisms are likely multifactorial. Diagnosis of PTH is dependent on a temporal relationship to a head injury. PTH often resembles common primary headache phenotypes. Treatment of PTH utilizes known treatments for these other headache phenotypes, as there is no currently approved treatment specifically for PTH. Moving forward, further studies are needed to better define and validate the definition of PTH, understand the underlying pathophysiology, and find more specific treatments.
Outcome of Inducing Labor in Pregnancies with Suspected Fetal Growth Restriction: Oxytocin Discontinuation during the Active Phase of Labor versus Conventional Management
Authors: Iwai Sayuri , Mimura Kazuya , Endo Masayuki , Kawanishi Yoko , Miyake Tatsuya , Hiramatsu Kosuke , Kimura Toshihiro , Tomimatsu Takuji , Kimura Tadashi 
Published: August 2022

Objective Although fetal growth restriction (FGR) is associated with an increased risk of cesarean delivery during induced labor, there is limited evidence to guide labor management. This study aimed to investigate the prognosis of induced labor in pregnancies with suspected FGR and whether oxytocin discontinuation during the active phase of labor affects maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Study Design This retrospective cohort study investigated singleton pregnancies with vertex presentation and indications for labor induction owing to FGR after 34.0 weeks of gestation at Osaka University Hospital. From January 2010 to December 2013, women were conventionally managed, and oxytocin was continued until delivery unless there was an indication for discontinuation (conventional management group). From January 2013 to December 2020, oxytocin was routinely discontinued, or the dose was reduced at the beginning of the active phase of labor (oxytocin discontinuation group).
Results A total of 161 women (conventional management group, n = 74; oxytocin discontinuation group, n = 87) were included. After the active phase of induced labor, the total incidence of cesarean delivery was very low (3.1%), and the duration was short (173 ± 145 minutes). Oxytocin discontinuation was associated with lower cesarean delivery (1.1 vs. 5.4%; p = 0.12) and uterine tachysystole (9.8 vs. 23.0%; p = 0.08) rates and longer duration of the second stage of labor (mean: 56.5 ± 90 vs. 34.2 ± 45 minutes; p = 0.08) than conventional management; however, the difference was not significant. The other maternal and neonatal outcomes, including postpartum hemorrhage, did not also significantly differ between them.
Conclusion After the active phase of induced labor for suspected FGR, the risk of cesarean delivery is low, and the high incidence of uterine tachysystole and rapid labor progression should be considered cautiously. Oxytocin can be safely discontinued during the active phase of labor in women undergoing labor induction for FGR without an increased risk of cesarean delivery or other unfavorable outcomes.
Key Points
Use of Polymer-Supported 4-(N,N-Dimethylamino)pyridine in a Formal Conjugate Addition/Elimination Mediated by an N-Ylide Generated In Situ for the Construction of Highly Functionalized Itaconimides/Alkenes
Authors: Saha Suman K. , Jain Anshul , Rana Nirmal K. , Kumari Akanksha , Bhutia Tshering Sangmo , Agrawat Chanchal 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA simple, mild, and metal-free cascade reaction has been developed for the construction of highly functionalized olefins. The approach relies on the initial formation of [3+2]-cycloadducts from a pyridinium ylide generated in situ from polymer-bound DMAP (PS-DMAP) with an N-substituted maleimide or an α,β-unsaturated β-keto ester. The cycloadduct decomposes to regenerate supported DMAP and yield a functionalized itaconimide or olefin. The method has a broad substrate scope. The alkene product has been further transformed into trisubstituted furan. PS-DMAP could be reused for five cycles.
Ultralong C(sp3)–C(sp3) Single Bonds Shortened and Stabilized by London Dispersion
Authors: Shimajiri Takuya , Ishigaki Yusuke , Kawakami Yuta , Kawaguchi Soki , Hayashi Yuki , Hada Kazuto , Suzuki Takanori 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA carbon–carbon (C–C) single bond longer than 1.7 Å shows unique bond flexibility, even though a C–C single bond is typically rigid and robust. We report here that the bond length of flexible C–C single bonds surrounded by bulky alkyl groups in novel hexaphenylethane-type hydrocarbons might be affected by weak noncovalent interactions, such as London dispersion. Thanks to London dispersion, an ultralong and flexible C–C single bond exhibits an obvious bond contraction. X-ray analyses and Raman spectroscopy provided direct information regarding the bond length and strength, whereas density functional theory calculations explained the bond contraction driven by London dispersion. The change in bond length of an extremely elongated flexible C–C bond would be a good probe for quantifying weak interactions that are usually difficult to detect.
Pancreatic Neoplasms: CT Evaluation of the Uncommon Presentations of Common Lesions and Common Presentations of the Uncommon Lesions!
Authors: Deshpande Sneha Satish , Joshi Anagha Rajeev , Mankar Diksha 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPancreatic masses are commonly encountered entities in radiology practice. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC) are the commonest pancreatic malignancies that typically present as infiltrative hypodense focal masses in the pancreatic head, which are hypoattenuating to the pancreatic parenchyma on pancreatic parenchymal and venous phases. However, there are various atypical imaging features of PDACs that create a diagnostic dilemma like tumor in body or tail, diffuse glandular involvement, isoattenuating tumors, cystic changes, or calcifications. Also, few relatively uncommon pancreatic malignancies like pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, cystic pancreatic tumors, pancreatic lymphoma, and pancreatic metastases present with overlapping features. Accurate radiological characterization of pancreatic masses is important for optimal management and prognostication. Thus, it is imperative for radiologists to be aware of all the uncommon presentations of common pancreatic lesions and common presentations of uncommon pancreatic lesions to avoid erroneous interpretations and establishing the correct diagnosis.
Imaging Artifacts on Synthesized Mammogram: What a Radiologist should Know!
Authors: Gulati Shrea , Dhamija Ekta , Anand Roshni 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSynthesized mammogram is a new technique that involves reconstruction of a two-dimensional (2D) image from the tomosynthesis images rather than separate acquisition of a standard 2D mammogram. The advent of a synthesized mammogram (s2D) has helped in reducing radiation exposure. The technique of back projection used in reconstruction makes the appearance of these images different from a standard 2D mammogram. Because this is a relatively new technique, it is associated with a learning curve. Hence, it is important for the new radiologists and technicians to be aware of certain common artifacts encountered while using s2D images, which may hinder interpretation. In this pictorial review, we would like to highlight the common artifacts encountered while reading synthesized mammographic images.
Comparison of Ultrashort TE Lung MRI and HRCT Lungs for Detection of Pulmonary Nodules in Oncology Patients
Authors: Periaswamy Gopinath , Arunachalam Venkatesh Kasi , Varatharajaperumal Rajeshkumar , Kalyan Gobi , Selvaraj Rajesh , Mehta Pankja , Cherian Mathew 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study is to evaluate the detection rate of pulmonary nodules in ultrashort echo time (UTE) lung magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to compare it with computed tomography (CT) in oncology patients.
Materials and Methods All individuals undergoing radiotherapy/chemotherapy/regular follow-up or visiting the oncology department and referred to radiology department for nodule detection, during the period of 1 year, were subjected to UTE lung MRI using the sequence Flash 3d_spiralvibe coronal 1.25 mm iso and high-resolution CT lungs and the images were analyzed.
Results Among the total number of nodules detected in both lungs of all patients, nodules detected by CT were 241, and nodules detected by MRI were 212. The nodule detection rate by MRI was 87.96%. The detection rate of nodules for size equal to or more than 5 mm was nearly 100%. For nodules less than 5 mm, and equal to or more than 4 mm, MRI showed a comparable detection rate of 75%, while for nodules less than 4 mm, the detection rate was only 25%.
Conclusion Our study results indicate that lung MRI had a near-complete detection rate for nodules equal to or more than 5 mm in size. Hence, in oncology patients who are undergoing regular follow-up of the lung nodules, lung MRI using UTE can replace low-dose CT, which in turn reduces the radiation dose to the patient.
Radio Frequency Ablation for the Treatment of Appendicular Skeleton Chondroblastoma: Is It an Excellent Alternative? Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sulaiman Sarmad Rasheed Khalil , Al-Zubaidi Shadha Abobakr Mohammed , Sakrana Amal Abdelsattar 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRadio frequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive technique that has become recognized in clinical practice for treating chondroblastoma, although curettage with bone graft is the standard treatment. Chondroblastoma is a locally aggressive cartilaginous bone tumor, representing nearly 5% of benign bone tumors. Chondroblastoma shows a preference toward the epiphysis or apophysis of long bones, but it was also reported in vertebrae and flat bones. The management of chondroblastoma could be challenging due to the risk to injure the epiphyseal plate or difficult location. The aim of this study was to determine if RFA is a suitable alternative to curettage with bone graft for the treatment of chondroblastoma. Moreover, there will be an evaluation of RFA's effectiveness in terms of symptoms relief; we also define the proper size of the lesion to be treated with RFA, and discuss the complications after the procedure, including the recurrence rate. Furthermore, we review the best imaging method to evaluate the therapeutic response of RFA and for the detection of residual disease early after the ablation. A comprehensive PubMed and Google Scholar search followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 2020 checklist guidelines. Ninety-seven patients were identified after reviewing the available full texts of nine articles. The results of the current review provide further evidence to support the use of RFA as an alternative option to surgery.
Lateral Femoral Condyle CRATER sign of BRIK an Ancillary Sign of Lateral Patellar Dislocation
Authors: Iyengar Karthikeyan P. , Bhamidipaty Kanaka Durga Prasad , Botchu Rajesh 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Introduction Acute lateral patellar dislocation is a common knee injury pattern. However, coincidental osseous defect may be present in normal knees.
Purpose Evaluate the characteristics of osseous bone defect and describe a new ancillary sign associated with lateral patellar dislocation.
Materials and Methods Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of 50 consecutive patients referred following a traumatic lateral patellar dislocation of the knee joint and 50 patients with knee pain without MR features of patellar dislocation were obtained for evaluation over a 7-year period. They were analyzed for location of bony defects in the periarticular region.
Results Of the 50 patients who underwent MRI following a reduced traumatic lateral patellar dislocation, 3 patients had an osseous “crater” of more than 2 mm in depth on the non-articular surface of the lateral femoral condyle. None of control group of patients had an osseous defect measuring more than 2 mm in depth.
Conclusion This associated finding of an osseous “crater” of more than 2 mm on the non-articular surface of the lateral femoral condyle following traumatic lateral patellar dislocation is a rare occurrence. We highlight this as an ancillary sign of lateral patellar dislocation necessitating careful evaluation (Crater sign of Bhamidipaty Rajesh Iyengar Kartik [BRIK]). The presence of lateral femoral condyle “CRATER” sign of BRIK on MRI undertaken for other reasons in the knee, in the absence of osseous edema may suggest a past episode of severe, reduced patellar dislocation.
Comparison study of high-sensitivity area-changed capacitive displacement transducers with low-impedance and high-impedance readout circuits
Authors: Xu Qiangwei , Wang Qiu , Wang Yongzhen , Yan Shitao , Liu Huafeng , Tu Liangcheng 
Published: August 2022

Area-changed capacitive displacement transducers (CDTs) are widely used in the high-precision displacement measurement due to their high accuracy and large dynamic range. The preamplifier circuit is used to convert the capacitance variation signal into voltage, which requires low noise and is significant for the high-sensitivity area-changed CDTs. Current CDT preamplifiers are mainly categorized as the low-impedance preamplifier and the high-impedance preamplifier; however, their characteristics and application scopes have not been systematically compared. This paper builds comprehensive models of the low-impedance and the high-impedance preamplifiers. Then, three-electrode configurations with different electrode separations and gaps are designed to carry out displacement variation experiments with low-impedance and high-impedance readout circuits, respectively. The results show that the sensitivity decrease caused by the gap change with the high-impedance preamplifier is 70%, while the counterpart of the low-impedance preamplifier is 85%. When the gap is 0.1 mm and the width-to-separation ratio varies from 1:1 to 5:1, the sensitivity of the CDT based on the low-impedance preamplifier is increased by 64%, while the counterpart with the high-impedance preamplifier is increased by 22%. Hence, this paper gives the universal guiding rules of preamplification circuit selections for different CDT electrode configurations and application requirements. For a capacitive sensor design with large and unavoidable parasitic capacitance, the low-impedance preamplifier and a CDT with a large electrode width-to-separation ratio match best. For a capacitive sensor design requiring both a large sensitivity and good robustness to out-of-plane interferences, the high-impedance preamplifier and a CDT with a small electrode width-to-separation ratio match best.
Research on high-precision pulse power supply
Authors: Zhu Qi , Dai Ling , Zhang Yuchen , Lin Fuchang 
Published: August 2022

With the development of pulse power technology, higher technical requirements have been put forward for the pulse power supply system. How to improve the precision of power supply is the hotspot of current research. In this paper, a 20 kJ high-precision pulse power supply is established for study, consisting of a high energy storage pulse power capacitor (6420 μF/2.5 kV), a pulse forming inductor (2.73 μH/0.945 mΩ), a 4 in. thyristor, and 2 4 in. diodes. Three characteristic parameters (current peak Imax, rise time Tr, and pulse width Tw) are proposed to define the precision of the pulse power supply: Imax = 54 kA, Tr = 205 µs, and Tw = 1470 µs. According to the electrical parameters, the numerical expressions of the power supply precision are theoretically solved. This can guide the device screening and active temperature control scheme. Then, the active temperature control experiment of the high-precision pulse power supply was carried out. The results show that ΔImax is less than 1.2‰, ΔTr is less than 1.8‰, and ΔTw is less than 2.1‰, within the ambient temperature of 10–30 °C. The rated Īmax is different under different ambient temperatures. The extreme difference is 0.7 kA, and the error is 6.5‰. In addition, the life test of a high-precision pulsed power supply is carried out, which shows that the capacitance and inductance will decrease with the increase of rated discharge times. The change of capacitance is 1.19‰, and the change of inductance is 3.73‰. Finally, this high-precision pulse power supply has proved that the precision can reach a thousandth under the condition of active temperature control, and it is proposed that the precision of the power supply can be maintained by controlling parameters such as device temperature and discharge voltage.
Effect of the tip clearance on tip leakage vortex and pressure fluctuation characteristics in a helico-axial flow multiphase pump
Authors: Wen Haigang , Lv Wenjuan , Shi Guangtai , Liu Zongku 
Published: August 2022

Tip clearance inevitably exists in helico-axial flow multiphase pumps, which generates a great impact on flow characteristics. To select a reasonable tip clearance and improve the transporting efficiency, different tip clearances (Rtc = 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mm) are chosen to investigate the flow behaviors and hydraulic characteristics. Based on the shear stress transport k-ω turbulence model, the unsteady Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes equations are applied to solve the unsteady flow. Results show that when the tip clearance increases, the tip leakage vortex (TLV) near the tip gradually becomes obvious and the pressure fluctuation near the TLV also becomes larger. The spatial–temporal evolution is divided into three stages: split stage, contraction stage, and recurrence stage. Besides, the rotor–stator interaction is still the primary cause for the pressure fluctuation.
ITE provision in minority language contexts
Authors: Thomas Enlli M. , Dunne Claire M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWithin the broader contexts of language maintenance, revitalisation and use, schools have an important role to play in the early transmission of minority or minoritized languages. Through effective classroom-based practices, teachers can offer rich, continuous linguistic experiences for the young people they teach that can lead to long-term, sustained engagement with language over time. How effective a given approach or practice may be in delivering a linguistic outcome in different contexts depends to a large extent on the skills and competence of the teacher involved (Fitzpatrick et al., 2018, p. 59), and the skills and competence of the teacher are usually rooted in their early experiences as student teachers. Initial teacher education (ITE) programmes are therefore central to the delivery of effective classroom-based practices and fundamental in generating autonomous teachers who can explore critically the different pedagogical approaches as they pertain to minority language contexts. This paper provides a comparative overview of the current issues and challenges facing ITE for primary education in two distinct minority language settings, namely Wales and Ireland. Both settings provide Welsh-medium or Irish-medium immersion education, as well as English-medium education offering Welsh or Irish as statutory subjects up to age 16. Both contexts also offer ITE programmes through the medium of Welsh or Irish, catering specifically for those student teachers wishing to teach in immersion settings. Both contexts face a number of shared challenges in terms of the content, design and delivery of an effective ITE programme for the context. We therefore highlight areas in which resources and methodologies could be shared amongst all those involved in ITE where minority language maintenance is a key component of education.
Agreeing complementizers may just be moody
Authors: Demirok Ömer , Öztürk Balkız 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study investigates two discourse-related particles, ya and şo, in
Laz, an endangered South Caucasian language. We argue that both ya and şo are
indexical shift complementizers which can occur without an overt embedding verb, suggesting root
complementizer behavior. However, when they appear embedded, the mood specification of the embedding verb determines
which of the two will surface, suggestive of complementizer agreement in mood features. We show that, while
ya and şo need to be semantically distinct in their root occurrences, there are
compositionality challenges against the null hypothesis that ya and şo keep their
meanings when embedded. As an alternative to a formal agreement account, we propose to semantically relate the
embedded and root occurrences of these complementizers.
Effect of nonequilibrium order parameter on the optical response of superconductor Sr2RuO4
Authors: Yazdani-Hamid Meghdad 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The breaking of time reversal symmetry of the superconducting pairings is expected to manifest itself through characteristic transport properties such as a non-zero Kerr angle which provides fingerprint of the quantum anomalous Hall state. In this work, we theoretically study the Kerr effect or the Hall-type response and also consider how this response is modified by the nonequilibrium shape of order parameter of the superconducting state due to the influence of the electromagnetic radiation for the most favorable candidates of chiral superconducting order parameters and of the non-chiral states in strontium ruthenate (Sr2RuO4). The unique sensitivity of the Hall-type response introduced above to different types of pairings can be used to identify the most favored pairing which is a serious doubt on the superconducting state of this material.
A novel dense residual network based on Adam-S optimizer for fault diagnosis of bearings under different working conditions
Authors: Han Fei , Du Wenhua , Zeng Zhiqiang , Wang Zhijian , Li Yanfeng , Wang Junyuan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In recent years, the residual network has been widely used in the field of intelligent diagnosis because of its powerful functioning. This paper proposes a novel dense residual network (DRNet) for the efficient fault diagnosis of rolling bearings, which combines the advantages of dense connections and residual learning to prevent the gradient disappearance and network degradation caused by network deepening. First, each sub-block in the dense network (DesNet) is deeply processed so that it has better nonlinear expressive ability to extract deep fault features. Then, the residual learning is embedded into each sub-block of the DesNet, so that each sub-block processed by deepening will not show the phenomenon of network degradation. Finally, an Adam-subtracted momentum optimization algorithm is proposed, which adds the first-order momentum and the second-order momentum of the previous gradient into the expression of the second-order momentum of the current gradient, which enhances the connection between the parameters in the two adjacent gradients in the Adam algorithm. It makes the algorithm more reliable and the gradient prediction more accurate. Without adding additional parameters, the training stability of the algorithm in complex environments is further improved. Experiments on two kinds of data sets under different working conditions are carried out many times, and in comparison with the random forest, support vector machine, dense network, residual network, AlexNet and DRNet-Adam. This proves the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed model and optimization algorithm.