bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with disease‐free and abdominal recurrence‐free survival in abdominopelvic and retroperitoneal sarcomas
Authors: Bredbeck Brooke C. , Delaney Lia D. , Kathawate Varun G. , Harter Cameron A. , Wilkowski Jodi , Chugh Rashmi , Cuneo Kyle C. , Dossett Lesly A. , Sabel Michael S. , Angeles Christina V. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesRetroperitoneal and abdominopelvic sarcomas are rare heterogeneous malignancies. The only therapy proven to improve disease‐free survival (DFS) is R0/R1 surgical resection. We sought to analyze whether additional factors such as radiation and systemic therapy were associated with DFS and abdominal recurrence‐free survival (RFS).MethodsRetrospective review of adults (≥18) with resectable abdominopelvic and retroperitoneal sarcomas who underwent intent‐to‐cure surgery at a high‐volume tertiary referral center between 1998 and 2015. The main outcome measures were DFS and abdominal RFS.ResultsOverall, 159 patients met the criteria for inclusion. Median follow‐up was 4.8 years (range 0.1–18.9 years). The most common histology was liposarcoma (49%). Systemic therapy was administered to 48% of patients and was not associated with improved outcomes. The neoadjuvant radiotherapy group (11%) had improved adjusted DFS (5.46 years, 95% CI [3.68, 7.24] vs. 3.1 years, 95% CI [2.48, 3.73]) and abdominal RFS (6.14 years, 95% CI [4.38, 7.89] vs. 3.22 years, 95% CI [2.61, 3.84]). The adjuvant radiotherapy group (19%) had no improvement.ConclusionsIn a cohort of patients undergoing resection for retroperitoneal or abdominopelvic sarcoma, neoadjuvant radiation improved DFS and abdominal RFS. A follow‐up of over three years was needed to appreciate a difference in outcomes.
The role of pain and socioenvironmental factors on posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in traumatically injured adults: A 1‐year prospective study
Authors: Webb E. Kate , Ward Richard T. , Mathew Abel S. , Price Matthew , Weis Carissa N. , Trevino Colleen M. , deRoon‐Cassini Terri A. , Larson Christine L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractApproximately 20% of individuals who experience a traumatic injury will subsequently develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Physical pain following traumatic injury has received increasing attention as both a distinct, functionally debilitating disorder and a comorbid symptom related to PTSD. Studies have demonstrated that both clinician‐assessed injury severity and patient pain ratings can be important predictors of nonremitting PTSD; however, few have examined pain and PTSD alongside socioenvironmental factors. We postulated that both area‐ and individual‐level socioeconomic circumstances and lifetime trauma history would be uniquely associated with PTSD symptoms and interact with the pain–PTSD association. To test these effects, pain and PTSD symptoms were assessed at four visits across a 1‐year period in a sample of 219 traumatically injured participants recruited from a Level 1 trauma center. We used a hierarchal linear modeling approach to evaluate whether (a) patient‐reported pain ratings were a better predictor of PTSD than clinician‐assessed injury severity scores and (b) socioenvironmental factors, specifically neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage, individual income, and lifetime trauma history, influenced the pain–PTSD association. Results demonstrated associations between patient‐reported pain ratings, but not clinician‐assessed injury severity scores, and PTSD symptoms, R2(fvm) = .65. There was a significant interaction between neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and pain such that higher disadvantage decreased the strength of the pain–PTSD association but only among White participants, R2(fvm) = .69. Future directions include testing this question in a larger, more diverse sample of trauma survivors (e.g., geographically diverse) and examining factors that may alleviate both pain and PTSD symptoms.
Gemcitabine Versus Docetaxel Plus Cisplatin as Induction Chemotherapy in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Chen Qian , Li Shan 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesTo compare tumor volume reduction after induction chemotherapy (IC) with gemcitabine plus cisplatin (GP) and docetaxel plus cisplatin (DP) and to evaluate the influence on subsequent radiotherapy in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).Study DesignRetrospective clinical study.MethodsPatients who received GP or DP IC followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) were retrospectively enrolled. Propensity score matching (PSM) was adopted to control the balance between the GP and DP groups.ResultsA total of 41 patients treated with GP and 53 patients treated with DP were enrolled. After matching, 33 sub‐pairs of 66 patients were generated in the post‐PSM cohort. As compared with DP, GP was superior in its gross tumor volume of the nasopharynx (GTVnx) reduction (28.88% vs. 18.73%; P = .014) but equivalent in its gross tumor volume of the lymph nodes (GTVnd) reduction (37.58% vs. 29.79%; P = .229). Univariate and multivariate analyses confirmed that the chemotherapy regimen was an independent factor associated with the reduction in GTVnx (P = .011). The GP group exhibited advantages in the dosimetric parameters of the planning target volume of high‐risk volume and low‐risk volume (PTV1 and PTV2), lenses, temporal lobes, and parotid glands. Univariate and multivariate analyses confirmed that chemotherapy regimen was an independent factor associated with the dosimetric parameters of PTV1, PTV2, lenses, temporal lobes, and parotid glands.ConclusionGP regimen achieves a greater GTVnx reduction than DP regimen and has an advantage in the dosimetry of subsequent CCRT.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 132:2379–2387, 2022
Effects of soaking and thermal treatment on nutritional quality of three varieties of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) from Madagascar
Authors: Ravoninjatovo Mboahangy , Ralison Charlotte , Servent Adrien , Morel Gilles , Achir Nawel , Andriamazaoro Herimihamina , Dornier Manuel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of soaking and thermal treatment on proteins, anthocyanins, α‐galactosides (stachyose, raffinose), tannins and inositol hexaphosphate (IP6), under different conditions, of three Phaseolus vulgaris L. varieties from Madagascar; and evaluate correlation with surface/volume ratio. Overall, dry matter, antinutrients and anthocyanins were impacted by the process, however proteins were not. Depending on varieties and operating conditions, soaking or thermal treatment led to up to 59% losses for dry matter, 73% for tannins, 99% for IP6, 92% for total α‐galactosides and 100% for anthocyanins. In certain cases, the process increased dry basis concentration of α‐galactosides probably through hydrolysis phenomena from precursors. A positive correlation between the surface/volume ratio of common beans and decrease of tannins and α–galactosides was highlighted. A global antinutritional indicator was used along with the dry matter to evaluate the best conditions to subside all antinutrients and limit the loss of nutrients, combining soaking and thermal treatment. These conditions were soaking (30°C) for 1 h followed by heat treatment at 65°C with 1/5 seed‐to‐water ratio during 2 h. Appropriate soaking/thermal treatment of common dry bean is crucial to reduce antinutrients and limit nutrient loss.
Corrosion behavior of a newly developed high strength aluminum alloy with high magnesium content under simulated seawater environment
Authors: Lv Xiaodan , Liu Shuhui , Xie Hui , Cao Qingmin , Zhang Chengdong , Chen Fanwei , Liu Bin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAMg61 (Al‐6.2% Mg), a novel form of high‐strength, high‐magnesium‐content aluminum alloy, has been developed for specific maritime engineering in recent years, while its corrosion behavior in seawater is still unknown. Therefore, the corrosion behavior of AMg61 in the simulated seawater was investigated herein, using a weight‐loss test and different electrochemical measurements. In addition, corrosion morphology and chemical contents were characterized by metallography, scanning electron microscopy, and energy‐dispersive spectroscopy. The results demonstrated that intergranular corrosion and microcracks developed first in the second phase of AMg61, followed by pitting corrosion. The matrix of AMg61, on the other hand, exhibited a uniform and exfoliation corrosion. The corrosion rate gradually decreased over time.
Mass spectrometry‐based metabolomic analysis as a tool for quality control of natural complex products
Authors: Mattoli Luisa , Gianni Mattia , Burico Michela 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMetabolomics is an area of intriguing and growing interest. Since the late 1990s, when the first Omic applications appeared to study metabolite's pool (“metabolome”), to understand new aspects of the global regulation of cellular metabolism in biology, there have been many evolutions. Currently, there are many applications in different fields such as clinical, medical, agricultural, and food. In our opinion, it is clear that developments in metabolomics analysis have also been driven by advances in mass spectrometry (MS) technology. As natural complex products (NCPs) are increasingly used around the world as medicines, food supplements, and substance‐based medical devices, their analysis using metabolomic approaches will help to bring more and more rigor to scientific studies and industrial production monitoring. This review is intended to emphasize the importance of metabolomics as a powerful tool for studying NCPs, by which significant advantages can be obtained in terms of elucidation of their composition, biological effects, and quality control. The different approaches of metabolomic analysis, the main and basic techniques of multivariate statistical analysis are also briefly illustrated, to allow an overview of the workflow associated with the metabolomic studies of NCPs. Therefore, various articles and reviews are illustrated and commented as examples of the application of MS‐based metabolomics to NCPs.
Limbic Serotonergic Plasticity Contributes to the Compensation of Apathy in Early Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Prange Stéphane , Metereau Elise , Maillet Audrey , Klinger Hélène , Schmitt Emmanuelle , Lhommée Eugénie , Bichon Amélie , Lancelot Sophie , Meoni Sara , Broussolle Emmanuel , Castrioto Anna , Tremblay Léon , Krack Paul , Thobois Stéphane 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundDe novo Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with apathy exhibit prominent limbic serotonergic dysfunction and microstructural disarray. Whether this distinctive lesion profile at diagnosis entails different prognosis remains unknown.ObjectivesTo investigate the progression of dopaminergic and serotonergic dysfunction and their relation to motor and nonmotor impairment in PD patients with or without apathy at diagnosis.MethodsThirteen de novo apathetic and 13 nonapathetic PD patients were recruited in a longitudinal double‐tracer positron emission tomography cohort study. We quantified the progression of presynaptic dopaminergic and serotonergic pathology using [11C]PE2I for dopamine transporter and [11C]DASB for serotonin transporter at baseline and 3 to 5 years later, using linear mixed‐effect models and mediation analysis to compare the longitudinal evolution between groups for clinical impairment and region‐of‐interest‐based analysis.ResultsAfter the initiation of dopamine replacement therapy, apathy, depression, and anxiety improved at follow‐up in patients with apathy at diagnosis (n = 10) to the level of patients without apathy (n = 11). Patients had similar progression of motor impairment, whereas mild impulsive behaviors developed in both groups. Striato‐pallidal and mesocorticolimbic presynaptic dopaminergic loss progressed similarly in both groups, as did serotonergic pathology in the putamen, caudate nucleus, and pallidum. Contrastingly, serotonergic innervation selectively increased in the ventral striatum and anterior cingulate cortex in apathetic patients, contributing to the reversal of apathy besides dopamine replacement therapy.ConclusionPatients suffering from apathy at diagnosis exhibit compensatory changes in limbic serotonergic innervation within 5 years of diagnosis, with promising evidence that serotonergic plasticity contributes to the reversal of apathy. The relationship between serotonergic plasticity and dopaminergic treatments warrants further longitudinal investigations. © 2022 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Retinal fundus image superresolution generated by optical coherence tomography based on a realistic mixed attention GAN
Authors: Tian Chunhao , Yang Jian , Li Peng , Zhang Shaochong , Mi Shengli 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposeOptical coherence tomography (OCT) is widely used to diagnose retinal diseases. However, due to the limited resolution of OCT imaging systems, the quality of fundus images displayed is not satisfactory, which hinders the diagnosis of patients by ophthalmologists. This is an inevitable problem of OCT imaging systems, but few people have given attention to it. We attempt to solve this problem through deep learning methods.MethodsIn this paper, we propose a single‐image superresolution (SISR) model that is based on a generative adversarial network (GAN) for restoring low‐resolution (LR) OCT fundus images to high‐resolution (HR) counterparts. To obtain more realistic images, we craft the training data set by obtaining the real blur kernels of the LR images instead of using the bicubic interpolation kernel. The baseline of our generator is similar to that of an enhanced superresolution generative adversarial network (ESRGAN), but we creatively propose a mixed attention block (MAB). In contrast to other superresolution (SR) tasks, to adapt to the characteristics of OCT imaging systems, our network can reconstruct LR images with different upscaling factors in the height and width directions.ResultsThe results of qualitative and quantitative experiments prove that our model is capable of reconstructing retinal fundus images clearly and accurately.ConclusionsWe propose a new GAN model for enhancing the quality of displayed OCT retinal fundus images and achieve state‐of‐the‐art results.
Access to chronic pain services for adults from Minority Ethnic groups in the United Kingdom: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Leach Emily , Ndosi Mwidimi , Ambler Helen , Park Sophie , Lewis Jennifer 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundChronic pain services in the United Kingdom are required to provide services which meet the diverse needs of patients, but little is known about the access and use of these services by Minority Ethnic groups. This protocol describes a scoping review that aims to assess whether adults who access secondary and tertiary chronic pain services are representative of the UK population.MethodsA scoping review will be conducted, comprising comprehensive searches of the literature using EMBASE, MEDLINE and CINAHL databases, and grey literature for records that address the study aims. Studies that meet the eligibility criteria will report on: (i) access to chronic pain services in secondary and/or tertiary care in the United Kingdom, (ii) by adults and, (iii) state the ethnicity of the involved participants within the demographics. Both qualitative and quantitative methodologies will be included to draw broad conclusions of what the cumulative evidence says on this topic. Publication dates are limited to between 2004 and 2021 as demographic data from studies published during this period best represent the UK population recorded in the 2011 UK census. The screening and selection process will be conducted by four reviewers and data will be extracted by one reviewer. A descriptive synthesis of the extracted data will be performed.DiscussionThis scoping review will be among the first to explore whether the current adult population of those with chronic pain who are accessing chronic pain services in secondary and/or tertiary care across the United Kingdom are representative of the UK Minority Ethnic population.
Consecutively fused single‐, double‐, and triple‐expanded helicenes
Authors: Zheng Wei , Ikai Tomoyuki , Oki Kosuke , Yashima Eiji 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe report the quantitative, chemoselective, and diastereospecific formation of the defect‐free C‐shaped single and S‐ and M‐shaped consecutively fused double‐ and triple‐expanded homochiral helicenes (all‐right (P) or all‐left (M) handed), in which two and three expanded helicene subunits were exclusively fused together in a helically winding manner, respectively, through the trifluoroacetic acid‐promoted intramolecular multistep cascade alkyne benzannulations of anthracene‐based cyclization precursors composed of a large number of complicated dynamic stereoisomers due to axial chirality. The resulting racemic expanded helicenes were all separated into enantiomers by chiral chromatography and showed intense circular dichroism and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) with the absorption and luminescence dissymmetry factors of up to 1.5 × 10−2 and 0.94 × 10−2, respectively. Moreover, the triple‐expanded helicene showed the highest CPL brightness (255 M−1·cm−1) among all the reported CPL‐active carbo‐ and heterohelicenes and ‐helicenoids. The helicity inversion barriers remarkably increased with the increasing number of incorporated helicene subunits, and the racemization of the triple‐expanded helicene was completely suppressed even at 80°C, providing the first example of an optically active expanded helicene with a static helical chirality.Key Points
Defect‐free synthesis of single‐, double‐, and triple‐expanded helicenes with C‐, S‐, and M‐shaped fully conjugated helical ladder structures, respectively.
Quantitative and chemoselective acid‐catalyzed diastereospecific multistep cascade cyclizations.
Circularly polarized luminescence of configurationally stable optically pure expanded helicenes.
Glomerulonephritis and autoimmune vasculitis are independent of P2RX7 but may depend on alternative inflammasome pathways
Authors: Prendecki Maria , McAdoo Stephen P , Turner‐Stokes Tabitha , Garcia‐Diaz Ana , Orriss Isabel , Woollard Kevin J , Behmoaras Jacques , Cook H Terence , Unwin Robert , Pusey Charles D , Aitman Timothy J , Tam Frederick WK 
Published: March 2022

AbstractP2RX7, an ionotropic receptor for extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP), is expressed on immune cells, including macrophages, monocytes, and dendritic cells and is upregulated on nonimmune cells following injury. P2RX7 plays a role in many biological processes, including production of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)‐1β via the canonical inflammasome pathway. P2RX7 has been shown to be important in inflammation and fibrosis and may also play a role in autoimmunity. We have developed and phenotyped a novel P2RX7 knockout (KO) inbred rat strain and, taking advantage of the human‐resembling unique histopathological features of rat models of glomerulonephritis, we induced three models of disease: nephrotoxic nephritis, experimental autoimmune glomerulonephritis, and experimental autoimmune vasculitis. We found that deletion of P2RX7 does not protect rats from models of experimental glomerulonephritis or the development of autoimmunity. Notably, treatment with A‐438079, a P2RX7 antagonist, was equally protective in WKY WT and P2RX7 KO rats, revealing its ‘off‐target’ properties. We identified a novel ATP/P2RX7/K+ efflux‐independent and caspase‐1/8‐dependent pathway for the production of IL‐1β in rat dendritic cells, which was absent in macrophages. Taken together, these results comprehensively establish that inflammation and autoimmunity in glomerulonephritis is independent of P2RX7 and reveals the off‐target properties of drugs previously known as selective P2RX7 antagonists. Rat mononuclear phagocytes may be able to utilise an ‘alternative inflammasome’ pathway to produce IL‐1β independently of P2RX7, which may account for the susceptibility of P2RX7 KO rats to inflammation and autoimmunity in glomerulonephritis. © 2022 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Genomic catastrophe, the peritoneal cavity and ovarian cancer prevention
Authors: Yoon Ju Yoon , Chapel David B , Goebel Emily , Qian Xiaohua , Mito Jeffrey K , Horowitz Neil S , Miron Alexander , Soong T Rinda , Xian Wa , Crum Christopher P 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe current theory of carcinogenesis for the deadliest of ‘ovarian’ cancers—high‐grade serous carcinoma (HGSC)—holds that the malignancy develops first in the fallopian tube and spreads to the ovaries, peritoneum, and/or regional lymph nodes. This is based primarily on the observation of early forms of serous neoplasia (serous tubal intraepithelial lesions [STILs], and serous tubal intraepithelial carcinomas [STICS]) in the fimbria of women undergoing risk reduction surgery. However, these lesions are uncommon in the general population, confer a low risk (5%) of HGSC following their removal in at‐risk women with germ‐line BRCA1/2 mutations, and require 4 or more years to recur as intraperitoneal HGSC. These features suggest that isolated STILs and STICs behave as precursors, with uncertain cancer risk rather than carcinomas. Their evolution to HGSC within, or after, escape from the tube could proceed stepwise with multiple biologic events; however, it is unclear whether tubal or ovarian HGSCs encountered in the setting of advanced disease evolved in the same fashion. The latter scenario could also be explained by a ‘catastrophic’ model in which STICs suddenly develop with invasive and metastatic potential, overwhelming or obscuring the site of origin. Moreover, a similar model might explain the sudden emergence of HGSC in the peritoneal cavity following escape of precursor cells years before. Long‐term follow‐up data from opportunistic or prophylactic salpingectomy should shed light on where malignant transformation occurs, as well as the timeline from precursor to metastatic HGSC. © 2022 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.