bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gestión de residuos tecnológicos en la ciudad de Pilar
Authors: Dohmen de Marecos Luz Marina 
Published: May 2022

El presente trabajo expone una de las problemáticas que ha ocasionado el desarrollo tecnológico. Como primer punto se aborda el tema de la contaminación por residuos tecnológicos, los elementos que se desechanal medio y se muestran los componentes que se pueden obtener a partir del reciclado de un equipo de cómputo; como segundo punto, el tratamiento que se le da a estos desechos tecnológicos. El objetivo fue analizar la gestión implementada en el tratamiento de residuos tecnológicos en la ciudad de Pilar, identificando mecanismos en la recolección y tratamiento de los desechos tecnológicos. El estudio de tipo descriptivo abordó la problemática recurriendo a técnicas como la entrevista y la observación directa. Los resultados evidenciaron que el ente Municipal no regula el tratamiento de los desechos tecnológicos, ya sea a través de ordenanzas o políticas que se adecuen a este tipo de problemáticas. Este tipo de residuo se trata como basura en general sin ningún tipo de discriminación, los desechos están almacenados en depósitos o son arrojados a la basura; el proceso de reciclaje o reutilización es bastante básico, de manera que la mayor parte del equipo queda en desuso. En el vertedero municipal no se clasifican las basuraspara el tratamiento de los residuos tecnológicos; la utilización de medidasde seguridad es escasa; la actividad laboral del vertedero representa riesgos a los trabajadores y a pobladores aledaños. No se realizan campañas de concienciación para el reuso o reutilización de los aparatos eléctricos y electrónicos y esto podría ocasionar un impacto sanitario potencial que se extendería a las áreas vecinas, por lo que son necesarias medidas de mitigación. Palabras clave: Gestión de residuos tecnológicos. Reciclaje. Reutilización.
El ejercicio profesional de la arquitectura en el siglo XXI
Authors: Cabrera Ivan , Fenollosa Forner Ernesto , Serrano Lanzarote Begoña , Perelló Roso Ricardo 
Published: May 2022

Inesperadamente obligados a un largo proceso de reflexión impuesto por la crisis financiera de las primeras décadas del presente siglo, los profesionales de la arquitectura están recuperando su liderazgo en el devenir de las ciudades, así como su presencia en otros campos profesionales a los que habían dedicado una menor atención en favor de la obra nueva durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Estas cuestiones se están desarrollando de manera paralela a otros cambios en la profesión, algunos de ellos comunes a otras disciplinas como el trabajo en equipo, a distancia y gradualmente en inglés; y otros específicos de la arquitectura como la creciente puesta en valor de la curiosidad, la proactividad y el espíritu crítico. Estas características les convierten en profesionales magníficamente preparados para cualquier escenario de futuro, si bien en materia de arquitectura dicho futuro cada vez se concreta más en la creciente importancia del patrimonio y la sostenibilidad que han reformulado sus definiciones.
Abstract
Unexpectedly forced to a long process of reflection imposed by the financial crisis of the first decades of this century, architecture professionals are recovering their leadership in the future of cities, as well as their presence in other professional fields to which they had dedicated less attention in favor of new construction during the second half of the 20th century. These issues are developing in parallel with other changes in the profession, some of them common to other disciplines such as teamwork, remotely and gradually in English; and others specific to architecture such as the growing appreciation of curiosity, proactivity and a critical spirit. These characteristics make them professionals magnificently prepared for any future scenario, although in terms of architecture, said future is increasingly more concrete in the growing importance of heritage and sustainability that have reformulated their definitions.
Keywords: Architecture; professional exercise; professional knowledge; heritage; sustainability
ANÁLISIS DE FLUJO DE MATERIALES DE PLÁSTICOS PARA LA PRODUCCIÓN, CONSUMO Y COMERCIO DE ENVASES RÍGIDOS DEL POLIETILENO DE TEREFTALATO (PET) EN PERÚ DURANTE 2018
Authors: Díaz Roxana , Velarde Gabriela , Lino Gladys 
Published: May 2022

Se realizó el diagnóstico de los flujos nacionales de los envases rígidos de PET mediante un Análisis de Flujo de Materiales (AFM) y la validación de los resultados con los actores claves relacionados a la industria de este producto en el Perú. Se estimó una producción nacional de envases rígidos de PET de 237.5 mil toneladas, donde el 0.4% serían envases retornables, el 10.2% residuos reciclados, el 50.7% importaciones y el 38.7% corresponderían a los que ingresan conteniendo productos importados y al stock de períodos anteriores. Respecto a las salidas, se calcula que el 80.5% retornó o se dispuso como residuo en un periodo menor al año; y el 19.5% se exportó. Centrándonos en los residuos, alrededor del 78.1% se perdió en rellenos sanitarios y en botaderos, en tanto que el 21.9% se recicló; donde solo el 12.2% fue destinado para producir nuevos envases rígidos de PET. Respecto al AFM de los plásticos se estima que el 9.1% de la producción total de plásticos retorna a la economía y que la tasa de reciclaje asciende al 15% respecto a los residuos de plástico postconsumo generados, aunque solo el 13% se mantuvo en la economía nacional. A pesar de la promulgación de la Ley de Plásticos de un solo uso en diciembre de 2018 y la modificatoria de la Ley de Residuos aprobada en 2020, con lo que se esperaba un aumento en la valorización nacional del plástico de un solo uso, es posible que no se haya logrado debido a la pandemia del coronavirus.
Abstract
The diagnosis of the national flows of rigid PET containers was carried out by means of a Material Flow Analysis (AFM) and the validation of the results with the key players related to the industry of this product in Peru. A national production of rigid PET containers of 237.5 thousand tons was estimated, where 0.4% would be returnable containers, 10.2% recycled waste, 50.7% imports and 38.7% would correspond to those that enter containing imported products and the stock of periods previous. Regarding the exits, it is calculated that 80.5% returned or were disposed of as waste in a period of less than a year; and 19.5% was exported. Focusing on waste, around 78.1% was lost in landfills and dumps, while 21.9% was recycled; where only 12.2% was destined to produce new rigid PET containers. Regarding the AFM of plastics, it is estimated that 9.1% of the total production of plastics returns to the economy and that the recycling rate amounts to 15% with respect to the post-consumer plastic waste generated, although only 13% remained in the national economy. Despite the enactment of the Single-use Plastics Law in December 2018 and the amendment to the Waste Law approved in 2020, with which an increase in the national valorization of single-use plastic was expected, it is possible that has not been achieved due to the coronavirus pandemic.
Keywords: Material Flow Analysis-plastics-recycling-Circular Economy.
Association of Type- 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Sickle Cell Disease in Children: Case Series from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Zayed Abdalla Mohamed , Muhaimeed Sulaiman Al , Otaibi Turki Al , Dossari Hossam Al , Ghallab Hmoud , Ancheta Shangrila Joy , Ajami Abdulrahman Al , Harbi Fahad Al , Hazmi Asala Al 
Published: May 2022

This case series aims to highlight a unique coexistence of two important diseases in children, sickle cell anemia and diabetes mellitus, which are relatively common in Saudi Arabia. Co-existence of the two diseases in the same patient is very rare, with only few cases reported in the literature. This is the first time to report more than 2 patients with this combination from one center. The involved 4 children are originally from the Southern and Eastern regions of Saudi Arabia representing both the African and Arab-Indian sickle gene haplotypes. The coexistence of the two diseases is not related to the sickle cell disease severity. It also can affect homo- and heterozygous forms of sickle cell disease at any age during childhood from infancy through adolescence. In sickle cell disease patients, Type-1 Diabetes can first present insidiously or as Diabetic Ketoacidosis. No clear explanation to the rarity of this combination is known so far. Diabetes mellitus should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cases with sickle cell disease experiencing abdominal pain, dehydration and acidosis. Further evaluation and comprehensive guidelines tailored for management of this condition are recommended.
Diagnosing Potentially Abnormal Attribute of Power Transformers Method
Authors: Lin Ming-Jong 
Published: May 2022

Design Method: In this paper, the program integrates those diagnostic methods from the Big data, the ANSI/IEEE C57.104 specification, and the Key gas to develop a kind of diagnostic method in power transformer. Their main diagnostic element is the insulating oil dissolved gas, which is integrated through the "correlation coefficient" and "classical detection and estimation theory". To develop a novel method diagnoses the latent abnormality attribute of the power transformer. The new method is accomplished through clever loop control, which has been validated by repeated and extensive data testing. This method is superior to the existing traditional diagnosis method in type of latent abnormality of diagnose, and has an accuracy of 90% under the verification those actual cases obtained from Research Institute of Taiwan Electric Power Company. This method is based on the MATLAB application software to execute all steps. In addition to being easy to operate and displaying the results of test in text, it not only improves the accuracy of the diagnosis of the latent abnormal attribute inside the power transformer, but also prevents the accident of blackout equipment and affects the power supply. It can to say, it is a powerful tool for electrical equipment maintenance technicians to detect.
Design Purpose: Based on this diagnostic method to improve the accuracy of the diagnosis of the latent abnormal attribute inside the power transformer by MATLAB application software.
Design Effectiveness: The program has been tested from some actual cases to improve the accuracy of diagnosis is been risen 90% up.
Facile and Fast Interfacial Engineering Using a Frustrated Interfacial Self‐Assembly of Block Copolymers for Sub‐10‐nm Block Copolymer Nanopatterning
Authors: Kim Seong Eun , Kim Dong Hyup , Kim So Youn 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA requisite for successful nanopatterning is a precise interface control to meet the adequate surface energies. In block copolymer (BCP) nanopatterning, the interfaces need to be neutralized, promoting both blocks to wet the substrate, and thus realizing the perpendicular orientation of BCPs. However, conventional methods for surface neutralization are expensive and require complex multi‐step processes, which hinders the application of BCP to continuous lithography processes. In this study, the simplest method for controlling the out‐of‐plane domain orientation using frustrated interfacial self‐assembly (FISA) of BCPs is introduced. The FISA layer is a randomly segregated structure that is readily created from the air/water interface. The FISA layer can be transferred to any target substrate, neutralizing both free and substrate interfaces. Employing FISA, the highly aligned and perpendicularly oriented sub‐10‐nm BCP patterns are produced with exceptional simplicity.
Extrinsic Localized Excitons in Patterned 2D Semiconductors
Authors: Yagodkin Denis , Greben Kyrylo , Eljarrat Alberto , Kovalchuk Sviatoslav , Ghorbani‐Asl Mahdi , Jain Mitisha , Kretschmer Silvan , Severin Nikolai , Rabe Jürgen P. , Krasheninnikov Arkady V. , Koch Christoph T. , Bolotin Kirill I. 
Published: May 2022

A new localized excitonic state is demonstrated in patterned monolayer 2D semiconductors. The signature of an exciton associated with that state is observed in the photoluminescence spectrum after electron beam exposure of several 2D semiconductors. The localized state, which is distinguished by non‐linear power dependence, survives up to room temperature and is patternable down to 20 nm resolution. The response of the new exciton to the changes of electron beam energy, nanomechanical cleaning, and encapsulation via multiple microscopic, spectroscopic, and computational techniques is probed. All these approaches suggest that the state does not originate from irradiation‐induced structural defects or spatially non‐uniform strain, as commonly assumed. Instead, it is shown to be of extrinsic origin, likely a charge transfer exciton associated with the organic substance deposited onto the 2D semiconductor. By demonstrating that structural defects are not required for the formation of localized excitons, this work opens new possibilities for further understanding of localized excitons as well as their use in applications that are sensitive to the presence of defects, e.g. chemical sensing and quantum technologies.
A −60 °C Low‐Temperature Aqueous Lithium Ion‐Bromine Battery with High Power Density Enabled by Electrolyte Design
Authors: Wang Mingtan , Li Tianyu , Yin Yanbin , Yan Jingwang , Zhang Huamin , Li Xianfeng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAqueous lithium‐ion batteries are normally limited at low temperatures, because of the consequent low conductivity of electrolytes and the sluggish kinetics of electrode materials. Herein, a high‐performance ultra‐low temperature aqueous lithium ion‐bromine battery (ALBB) realized by a tailored functionalized electrolyte (TFE) consisting of lithium bromide and tetrapropylammonium bromide (TPABr) is reported, which can maintain liquid state with high conductivity (1.89 mS cm‐1) at −60 °C. In addition, with the help of excellent bromine‐fixation of TPABr, the high reversible capacity can be provided by the fast redox reaction of Br2/Br‐ couple in the cathode from room temperature (RT) to −60 °C. Moreover, 1,4,5,8‐naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride‐derived polyimide anode can deliver excellent low‐temperature capacity retention as well as enhanced rate capability and reversibility at RT in TFE. As a result, the designed TFE can endow ALBB with high energy densities (98, 64, and 32 Wh kgdry‐1 at RT, −40, and −60 °C, respectively), outstanding power densities (24.6 and 1.2 kW kgdry‐1 at RT and −40 °C, respectively), and superior capacity retentions (94% and 98% after running 1000 cycles at RT and −40 °C, respectively). This work demonstrates a novel strategy to widen the temperature range of aqueous batteries.
Prevalence and safety of robotic surgery for gastrointestinal malignant tumors in Japan
Authors: Nishigori Tatsuto , Ichihara Nao , Obama Kazutaka , Uyama Ichiro , Miyata Hiroaki , Inomata Masafumi , Kakeji Yoshihiro , Kitagawa Yuko , Sakai Yoshiharu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimThe National Health Insurance system has reimbursed robotic gastrointestinal surgery since April 2018 in Japan. Additionally, strict facility and surgeon standards were established by the government and the academic society. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and safety of robotic surgery using a Japanese nationwide web‐based database.MethodsPatients who underwent the following robotic surgeries for malignant tumors in 2018 were included: esophagectomy (RE), total gastrectomy (RTG), distal gastrectomy (RDG), proximal gastrectomy (RPG), low anterior resection (RLAR), and rectal resections other than RLAR (RRR). The number of cases and surgical mortality rates each month were calculated to evaluate the prevalence and safety of robotic procedures.ResultsA total of 3281 patients underwent robotic gastrointestinal surgery. The monthly number of robotic surgeries nearly doubled in April 2018 when they were initially reimbursed by the National Health Insurance system. Operative mortality rates were 0.9%, 0.4%, 0.2%, and 2.8% for RE (n = 330), RTG (n = 239), RDG (n = 1167), and RPG (n = 109), respectively. No mortality was observed in RLAR (n = 1062) or RRR (n = 374).ConclusionRobotic surgery for gastrointestinal malignant tumors was safely introduced into daily clinical practice along with rigorous surgeon and facility standards in Japan.
Assessment of donor cell engraftment after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for sickle cell disease: A review of current and future methods
Authors: Lewis Jasmine , Greenway Steven C. , Khan Faisal , Singh Gurpreet , Bhatia Monica , Guilcher Gregory M. T. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only established curative treatment for sickle cell disease (SCD), a debilitating red blood cell (RBC) disorder with significant prevalence worldwide. Accurate assessment of RBC engraftment following HSCT is essential to evaluate the status of the graft and can enable early intervention to treat or prevent graft rejection. Currently, chimerism measurement is performed on whole blood samples, which mainly reflect white blood cell (WBC) chimerism. This approach has limitations in assessing engraftment in patients with SCD because RBCs engraft non‐linearly with WBCs. Direct measures of RBC chimerism exist but are not routinely used. In this review, we critically examine the current methodologies for assessing donor engraftment; highlight the limitations of these different methods, and present emerging and novel technologies with the potential to improve clinical monitoring of RBC engraftment post‐HSCT for SCD. Promising alternative methodologies include RBC‐specific flow cytometry, RBC‐specific RNA analysis, and quantification of plasma cell‐free DNA derived specifically from nucleated RBCs.
Venetoclax combined with FLAG‐IDA induction and consolidation in newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: DiNardo Courtney D. , Lachowiez Curtis A. , Takahashi Koichi , Loghavi Sanam , Kadia Tapan , Daver Naval , Xiao Lianchun , Adeoti Maria , Short Nicholas J. , Sasaki Koji , Wang Sa A. , Borthakur Gautam , Issa Ghayas , Maiti Abhishek , Alvarado Yesid , Pemmaraju Naveen , Bravo Guillermo Montalban , Masarova Lucia , Yilmaz Musa , Jain Nitin , Andreeff Michael , Garcia‐Manero Guillermo , Kornblau Steven , Ravandi Farhad , Jabbour Elias , Konopleva Marina Y. , Kantarjian Hagop M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMulti‐agent induction chemotherapy (IC) improves response rates in younger patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML); however, relapse remains the principal cause of treatment failure. Improved induction regimens are needed. A prospective single‐center phase Ib/II study evaluating fludarabine, cytarabine, G‐CSF, and idarubicin combined with venetoclax (FLAG‐IDA + VEN) in patients with newly diagnosed (ND) or relapsed/refractory AML. The primary efficacy endpoint was assessment of overall activity (overall response rate [ORR]: complete remission [CR] + CR with partial hematologic recovery [CRh] + CR with incomplete hematologic recovery [CRi] + morphologic leukemia free state + partial response). Secondary objectives included additional assessments of efficacy, overall survival (OS), and event‐free survival (EFS). Results of the expanded ND cohort with additional follow‐up are reported. Forty‐five patients (median age: 44 years [range 20–65]) enrolled. ORR was 98% (N = 44/45; 95% credible interval 89.9%–99.7%). Eighty‐nine percent (N = 40/45) of patients attained a composite CR (CRc + CRh + CRi) including 93% (N = 37/40) who were measurable residual disease (MRD) negative. Twenty‐seven (60%) patients transitioned to allogeneic stem cell transplant (alloHSCT). Common non‐hematologic adverse events included febrile neutropenia (44%; N = 20), pneumonia (22%, N = 10), bacteremia (18%, N = 8), and skin/soft tissue infections (44%, N = 20). After a median follow‐up of 20 months, median EFS and OS were not reached. Estimated 24‐month EFS and OS were 64% and 76%, respectively. FLAG‐IDA + VEN is an active regimen in ND‐AML capable of producing high MRD‐negative remission rates and enabling transition to alloHSCT when appropriate in most patients. Toxicities were as expected with IC and were manageable. Estimated 24‐month survival appears favorable compared to historical IC benchmarks.
Safe patient handling legislation and musculoskeletal disorders among California healthcare workers: Analysis of workers' compensation data, 2007–2016
Authors: Lee Soo‐Jeong , Lee Joung Hee , Harrison Robert 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundCalifornia requires general acute care hospitals to have a comprehensive plan to prevent patient handling injuries (PHIs) among employees. The California safe patient handling (SPH) law took effect in 2012. This study assessed the impact of the SPH law on workers' compensation claims for musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in California hospital workers.MethodsWe used California Workers' Compensation Information System data from 2007 to 2016 and analyzed claims for MSDs that occurred in acute care hospitals compared with nursing and residential care facilities. MSD claims were classified into PHI and non‐PHI claims.ResultsWe identified 199,547 MSD claims that occurred during 2007–2016 in acute care hospitals (62.8%) and nursing and residential care facilities (37.2%). MSDs accounted for 42.8% of all claims. Of the MSD claims, 81.0% were strains or sprains and 33.5% of MSDs were related to patient handling activities. From 2011 to 2016, MSD claim rates showed significant reductions among both hospital and nursing/residential care workers. However, the MSD‐PHI claim rate showed a significant reduction only among hospital workers (7.3% per year, incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 0.927, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.903–0.952). There was no significant change among nursing/residential care workers (IRR = 0.990, 95% CI 0.976–1.005). The non‐PHI claim rate showed no significant change among hospital workers (IRR = 0.982, 95% CI 0.956–1.009).ConclusionsOur study identified significant reductions of PHI claims among California hospital workers after the passage of the SPH legislation, suggesting that SPH legislation played a crucial role in reducing the risk of injury among healthcare workers.
Generation of Sodium‐Thiophene Species with Metal Amide‐Free Approach Toward Polythiophene Synthesis by Cross‐Coupling Polymerization
Authors: Inoue Tomoki , Kuwayama Aika , Okano Kentaro , Horie Masaki , Mori Atsunori 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDeprotonative metalation of 2‐halo‐3‐substituted thiophene in a metal amide‐free manner takes place at the 5‐position smoothly in the presence of additive N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) at room temperature in a hexane solution. Following addition of nickel catalyst to the thus formed thiophene‐sodium species promotes cross‐coupling polymerization. When toluene was employed as a solvent in the polymerization reaction of 2‐chloro‐3‐hexylthiophene in the presence of 2 mol% of nickel catalyst bearing N‐heterocyclic carbene ligand, polythiophene was obtained in up to 86% yield with Mn of 23700 (Mw/Mn=1.98) suggesting that ca. 30% of the catalyst participated in the polymerization.