bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression of soluble ST2 in patients with essential hypertension and its relationship with left ventricular hypertrophy
Authors: Wei Peng , Liu Liang , Wang Xiaoqing , Zong Bin , Liu Xuekui , Zhang Miaomiao , Fu Qiang , Wang Liansheng , Cao Bangming 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimsIdentification and intervention of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in essential hypertension (EH) are important for the prevention of adverse cardiovascular events. However, effective methods for diagnosing LVH are still lacking. This study aimed to explore the relationship between soluble ST2 (sST2) and LVH in EH patients to identify a potential specific biomarker for hypertensive LVH.Methods and resultsThis study included 97 EH patients. Based on the criteria for LVH, participants were divided into the LVH group (n = 52) and the non‐LVH group (n = 45). The level of serum sST2 was detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Pearson correlation analysis, logistic regression analysis, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were used to investigate the potential of sST2 as a biomarker of LVH in EH patients. Compared with the non‐LVH group, the sST2 level was elevated in EH patients with LVH (P < 0.001). Pearson correlation analysis indicated that the sST2 level was positively correlated with the left ventricular mass index in EH patients (r = 0.454, P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratio (OR) value of LVH was 2.990, suggesting that sST2 is an independent risk factor for LVH in EH patients [OR = 2.990, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.650–5.419; P < 0.001]. The area under the ROC curve was 0.767 (95% CI, 0.669–0.866; P < 0.001), with a sensitivity of 0.808 and specificity of 0.689, indicating the possibility of considering sST2 as a biomarker for diagnosing LVH.ConclusionsUp‐regulation of sST2 is strongly related to LVH in EH patients, is an independent risk factor for hypertensive LVH, and can be used as a biomarker for the diagnosis of LVH.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Cascade Carbonylative Synthesis of Functionalized Isoquinoline‐1,3‐diones and Oxindoles Using Dimethyl Carbonate as both Solvent and Reactant
Authors: Wen D. , Shen Z. , Qi X. , Wu X.‐F. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDimethyl carbonate (DMC), a non‐toxic liquid, which shows diverse and tunable reactivity in organic synthesis. Herein, we report a nice study on using DMC as both solvent and reactant in palladium‐catalyzed intramolecular Heck/Carbonylation for the synthesis of functionalized isoquinoline‐1,3‐diones and oxindoles. To avoid the usage of toxic CO gas, formic acid is employed as the CO source, and a variety of functionalized isoquinoline‐1,3‐diones and oxindoles were obtained in very good yields.
Enantioselective Friedel‐Crafts Alkylation of Indoles with α, β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes Catalyzed by Recyclable Second‐generation MacMillan Catalysts
Authors: Aalam Mohd Jubair , Deepa  , Singh Surendra 
Published: October 2022

AbstractImidazolium ionic liquids containing second‐generation MacMillan catalysts were synthesized and evaluated as organocatalysts (10 mol%) for enantioselective Friedel‐Crafts reaction between N‐benzylindole and crotonaldehyde using trifluoroacetic acid as a co‐catalyst (10 mol%) at −60 °C, the corresponding product was obtained in 87 % yield with 89 % ee. The scope and limitation of organocatalyst were studied using substituted indoles and different α, β‐unsaturated aldehydes, and enantioselective alkylated indoles were obtained in 43–95 % yields with 58–90 % ee's. The second‐generation modified MacMillan catalyst 6 was successfully recovered and reused up to four cycles and a significant drop in yields and ee was observed after the third recycle.
What should allies do? Identifying activist perspectives on the role of white allies in the struggle for racial justice in the United States
Authors: Selvanathan Hema Preya , Uluğ Özden Melis , Burrows Brooke 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe present research examined the perspectives of both White and Black racial justice activists on the roles of White allies in the struggle for justice for Black people in the United States. Study 1 used Q methodology, a mixed‐methods approach, which identified four distinct perspectives about the role of White allies from a sample of activists (33 White and 22 Black Americans): (1) mobilize to support Black leadership, (2) interpersonal activism, (3) avoid dominating Black people's efforts, and (4) lifelong learning. In Study 2, we interviewed activists (22 White and 12 Black Americans) to understand their evaluation of, and preference for, each of perspective identified in Study 1. Thematic analyses showed that each perspective had its pros and cons regarding considerations of how to best use ingroup advantages without dominating the movement. Our findings contribute to our understanding of potential tensions in solidarity‐based social movements.
A cluster‐randomized trial comparing home‐based primary health care and usual clinic care for epilepsy in a resource‐limited country
Authors: Singh Gagandeep , Sharma Suman , Bansal Namita , Sharma Meenakshi , Chowdhury Anurag , Sharma Sarit , Bansal Rajinder K. , Goraya Jatinder S. , Setia Raj K. , Paul Birinder S. , Sander Josemir W. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo ascertain whether home‐based care with community and primary healthcare workers' support improves adherence to antiseizure medications, seizure control, and quality of life over routine clinic‐based care in community samples of people with epilepsy in a resource‐poor country.MethodsParticipants included consenting individuals with active epilepsy identified in a population survey in impoverished communities. The intervention included antiseizure medication provision, adherence reinforcement and epilepsy self‐ and stigma management guidance provided by a primary health care–equivalent worker. We compared the intervention group to a routine clinic‐based care group in a cluster‐randomized trial lasting 24 months. The primary outcome was antiseizure medication adherence, appraised from monthly pill counts. Seizure outcomes were assessed by monthly seizure aggregates and time to first seizure and impact by the Personal Impact of Epilepsy scale.ResultsEnrolment began on September 25, 2017 and was complete by July 24, 2018. Twenty‐four clusters, each comprising ten people with epilepsy, were randomized to either home‐ or clinic‐care. Home‐care recipients were more likely to have used up their monthly‐dispensed epilepsy medicine stock (regression coefficient: 0.585; 95% confidence intervals, 0.289‐0.881; P = 0.001) and had fewer seizures (regression coefficient: −2.060; 95%CI, −3.335 to −0.785; P = 0.002). More people from clinic‐care (n = 44; 37%) than home‐care (n = 23; 19%) exited the trial (P = 0.003). The time to first seizure, adverse effects and the personal impact of epilepsy were similar in the two arms.SignificanceHome care for epilepsy compared to clinic care in resource‐limited communities improves medication adherence and seizure outcomes and reduces the secondary epilepsy treatment gap.
Semisupervised white matter hyperintensities segmentation on MRI
Authors: Huang Fan , Xia Peng , Vardhanabhuti Varut , Hui Sai‐Kam , Lau Kui‐Kai , Ka‐Fung Mak Henry , Cao Peng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study proposed a semisupervised loss function named level‐set loss (LSLoss) for cerebral white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) segmentation on fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery images. The training procedure did not require manually labeled WMH masks. Our image preprocessing steps included biased field correction, skull stripping, and white matter segmentation. With the proposed LSLoss, we trained a V‐Net using the MRI images from both local and public databases. Local databases were the small vessel disease cohort (HKU‐SVD, n = 360) and the multiple sclerosis cohort (HKU‐MS, n = 20) from our institutional imaging center. Public databases were the Medical Image Computing Computer‐assisted Intervention (MICCAI) WMH challenge database (MICCAI‐WMH, n = 60) and the normal control cohort of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database (ADNI‐CN, n = 15). We achieved an overall dice similarity coefficient (DSC) of 0.81 on the HKU‐SVD testing set (n = 20), DSC = 0.77 on the HKU‐MS testing set (n = 5), and DSC = 0.78 on MICCAI‐WMH testing set (n = 30). The segmentation results obtained by our semisupervised V‐Net were comparable with the supervised methods and outperformed the unsupervised methods in the literature.
Breast density and risk of breast cancer
Authors: Lynge Elsebeth , Vejborg Ilse , Lillholm Martin , Nielsen Mads , Napolitano George , von Euler‐Chelpin My 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEarly studies reported a 4‐ to 6‐fold risk of breast cancer between women with extremely dense and fatty breasts. As most early studies were case‐control studies, we took advantage of a population‐based screening program to study density and breast cancer incidence in a cohort design. In the Capital Region, Denmark, women aged 50 to 69 are invited to screening biennially. Women screened November 2012 to December 2017 were included, and classified by BI‐RADS density code, version 4, at first screen after recruitment. Women were followed up for incident breast cancer, including ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), to 2020 in nationwide pathology data. Rate ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were compared across density groups using Poisson‐regression. We included 189 609 women; 1 067 282 person‐years; and 4110 incident breast cancers/DCIS. Thirty‐three percent of women had BI‐RADS density code 1; 38% code 2; 24% code 3; 4.7% code 4; and missing 0.3%. Using women with BI‐RADS density code 1 as baseline; women with code 2 had RR 1.69 (95% CI 1.56‐1.84); women with code 3, RR 2.06 (95% CI 1.89‐2.25); and women with code 4, RR 2.37 (95% CI 1.05‐2.74). Results differed between observations accumulated during screening and above screening age. Our results indicated less difference in breast cancer risk across level of breast density than normally stated. Translated into absolute risk of breast cancer after age 50, we found a 6.2% risk for the one‐third of women with lowest density, and 14.7% for the 5% of women with highest density.
Two cases of CRPC with BRCA mutation treated by olaparib after favorable response to cisplatin
Authors: Miyazawa Yoshiyuki , Shimizu Takanori , Sekine Yoshitaka , Arai Seiji , Ohtsu Akira , Fujizuka Yuji , Nomura Masashi , Koike Hidekazu , Matsui Hiroshi , Suzuki Kazuhiro 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionSeveral prostate cancers carry homologous recombination repair mutations that respond to olaparib. Because of the mechanism, the efficacy of platinum‐based therapy can be used to predict the efficacy of poly(adenosine diphosphate‐ribose) polymerase inhibitors such as olaparib.Case presentationWe experienced two neuroendocrine prostate cancer patients who achieved a response duration of more than 1 year with platinum‐based therapy. Case 1 had a BRCA2 mutation in the germline and case 2 had a BRCA2 mutation in a somatic chromosome only. Both patients responded well to olaparib.ConclusionCisplatin and olaparib may overlap in response due to their medicinal action. It may be useful to consider genetic testing in some CRPC patients who have responded to cisplatin.
A comparative study of bone bioactivity and osteogenic potential of different bioceramics in methacrylated collagen hydrogels
Authors: Patrawalla Nashaita Y. , Kajave Nilabh S. , Kishore Vipuil 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBiomimetic scaffolds composed of bioactive ceramic‐based materials incorporated within a polymeric framework have shown immense promise for use in bone tissue engineering (BTE) applications. However, studies on direct comparison of the efficacy of different bioceramics on bone bioactivity and osteogenic differentiation are lacking. Herein, we performed an in vitro direct comparison of three different bioceramics—Bioglass 45S5 (BG), Laponite XLG (LAP), and β‐Tricalcium Phosphate (TCP)—on the physical properties and bone bioactivity of methacrylated collagen (CMA) hydrogels (10% w/w bioceramic:CMA). In addition, human MSCs (hMSCs) were encapsulated in bioceramic‐laden CMA hydrogels and the effect of different bioceramics on osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs was investigated in two different culture medium—osteoconductive (without dexamethasone [DEX]) and osteoinductive (with DEX). Results showed that the stability of CMA hydrogels was maintained upon bioceramic addition. Compression testing revealed that BG incorporation significantly decreased (p < 0.05) the modulus of photochemically crosslinked CMA hydrogels. Incubation of TCP‐CMA and LAP‐CMA hydrogels in simulated body fluid showed deposition of hydroxycarbonate apatite layer on the surface indicating that these hydrogels may be more bone bioactive than BG‐CMA and CMA only hydrogels. Cell cytoskeleton staining results showed greater cell spreading in TCP‐CMA hydrogels. Furthermore, TCP incorporation significantly increased alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP; p < 0.05) in hMSCs. Together, these results indicate that TCP has superior osteogenic potential compared with BG and LAP and hence should be considered as a bioceramic of preferred choice for use in the biomimetic design of cell‐laden hydrogels for BTE applications.
Examination of antimicrobial effect of fluoxetine in experimental sepsis model: An in vivo study
Authors: Cakir Ahsen , Bozali Kubra , Celikten Mert , Guler Eray Metin , Sahan Ebru , Durdu Bulent , Sumbul Bilge , Kocyigit Abdurrahim 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSince most infectious diseases can develop into sepsis, it is still a major medical problem. Some in‐vivo studies showed promising properties of fluoxetine in the treatment of infections. This study aims the antimicrobial effect of fluoxetine on the inflammatory process used in the treatment of sepsis‐modeled rats. Besides, to investigate the efficacy of fluoxetine on modifying the antibiotic effect of imipenem in the inflammatory response. An experimental sepsis model was divided into negative control, positive control, fluoxetine 5 mg/kg, imipenem 60 mg/kg, and combined (fluoxetine; imipenem). Procalcitonin (PCT), high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP), lactate, myeloperoxidase activity (MPO), the inflammation markers interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), tumor necrosis factor‐alfa (TNF‐α), and monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1) levels were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay method. Oxidative stress markers, total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), total thiol (TT), and native thiol (NT) were measured using photometric methods. Oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated according to TAS and TOS levels. The statistical analysis was performed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.0. After treatment with fluoxetine, imipenem, and combined groups, IL‐1β, IL‐6, TNF‐α, MPO activity, MCP‐1, hs‐CRP, PCT, lactate, and the oxidative stress markers OSI, and disulfide levels were decreased (p < 0.05). The TT, NT, and TAS levels significantly statistically increased (p < 0.05). This research demonstrates that fluoxetine has effects as anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant, and the combined treatment with antibioticum imipenem indicates positive synergistic effects in the experimental sepsis model.
Factors that influence genetic counselors' participation in research
Authors: Sikkink Kaitlin , Delk Paula , Wetherill Leah , Breman Amy , Wesson Melissa 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGenetic counselors have skills and expertise in genetics and patient care that make them an asset to research and research teams. However, the National Society of Genetic Counselors (NSGC) found in 2020 that more than half of practicing genetic counselors do not participate in research activities. Information describing factors that influence their research participation is lacking in the literature. This study ascertained genetic counselors' workplace and graduate training experiences to provide insight into factors that increase or decrease participation in research activities. A survey was distributed through the NSGC Student Research Survey Program. Practicing genetic counselors that graduated in or before 2020 were eligible to participate. The survey included questions about demographics, implementation of student research projects, research‐specific resources in their graduate programs, perceived barriers and motivations, and current research activities. Interestingly, the majority of respondents participated in research activities between 2017 and 2021; the most common activities included: recognizing a gap(s) in knowledge (68%) and presenting an abstract or poster (64%). Factors that most significantly influenced genetic counselors' research participation included their interest in research (p = 0.0037), their motivation to do research (p = 0.0014), and their perceived intimidation by the research process (p < 0.001). These results provide insight into solutions for the workplace and graduate programs that could increase genetic counselors' research participation.
Pyranoquinolone derivatives: A potent multi‐targeted pharmacological scaffold
Authors: Uppal Jasreen , Mir Prince Ahad , Chawla Apporva , Kumar Nishant , Kaur Gurinder , Bedi Preet Mohinder Singh , Bhandari Divya Dhawal 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe search for new heterocyclic compounds with potential bioactivities continues despite the fact that extensive work has already been done on pyranoquinolones. Researchers throughout the world have used the pyranoquinolone nucleus extensively to generate a wide variety of bioactive heterocycles that target a wide spectrum of biological targets. An in‐depth investigation into possible pyranoquinolone derivatives and their pharmacological importance is the focus of this overview of synthetic techniques. Researchers and medicinal chemists can benefit from this review by developing new pyranoquinolone nucleus leads that are very effective and have fewer adverse effects than existing ones.
DDOST‐CDG: Clinical and molecular characterization of a third patient with a milder and a predominantly movement disorder phenotype
Authors: Elsharkawi Ibrahim , Wongkittichote Parith , Daniel Earnest James Paul , Starosta Rodrigo Tzovenos , Ueda Keisuke , Ng Bobby G. , Freeze Hudson H. , He Miao , Shinawi Marwan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCongenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a group of heterogeneous inherited metabolic disorders affecting posttranslational protein modification. DDOST‐CDG, caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in DDOST which encodes dolichyl‐diphospho‐oligosaccharide‐protein glycosyltransferase, a subunit of N‐glycosylation oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) complex, is an ultra‐rare condition that has been described in two patients only. The main clinical features in the two reported patients include profound developmental delay, failure to thrive, and hypotonia. In addition, both patients had abnormal transferrin glycosylation. Here, we report an 18‐year‐old male who presented with moderate developmental delay, progressive opsoclonus, myoclonus, ataxia, tremor, and dystonia. Biochemical studies by carbohydrate deficient transferrin analysis showed a type I CDG pattern. Exome sequencing identified compound heterozygous variants in DDOST: a maternally inherited variant, c.1142dupT (p.Leu381Phefs*11), and a paternally inherited variant, c.661 T > C (p.Ser221Pro). Plasma N‐glycan profiling showed mildly increased small high mannose glycans including Man0‐5GlcNAc2, a pattern consistent with what was previously reported in DDOST‐CDG or defects in other subunits of OST complex. Western blot analysis on patient's fibroblasts revealed decreased expression of DDOST and reduced intracellular N‐glycosylation, as evident by the biomarkers ICAM‐1 and LAMP2. Our study highlights the clinical variability, expands the clinical and biochemical phenotypes, and describes new genotype, which all are essential for diagnosing and managing patients with DDOST‐CDG.
COVID‐19 and individual performance in global virtual teams: The role of self‐regulation and individual cultural value orientations
Authors: Schlaegel Christopher , Gunkel Marjaana , Taras Vas 
Published: October 2022

SummarySince the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic, global virtual teams (GVTs) have become increasingly important. Drawing on conservation of resources theory and self‐regulation theory, we examined the mechanism and process underlying individuals' performance in GVTs in this specific situation. We posit that the local severity of the pandemic has a negative effect on individuals' performance in GVTs and that self‐regulation functions as a coping mechanism in times of pandemic‐related ambient stress, reducing its negative effect on performance. We suggest that three cultural value orientations, that is, uncertainty avoidance, collectivism, and long‐term orientation, explain different levels of self‐regulation, which in turn moderates the relationship between the local severity of the pandemic and individual performance in GVTs. Based on a sample of 2727 individuals from 31 countries participating in an international business consulting project during the early stage of the unfolding pandemic, we show that (a) the local severity of the pandemic had a negative effect on individuals' performance, (b) the negative effect of the pandemic on performance is weaker for individuals with high self‐regulation, and (c) uncertainty avoidance and long‐term orientation are positively associated with self‐regulation, which mediates the moderating relationship between the cultural value orientations and the relationship between the COVID‐19 pandemic and individual performance in GVTs.
Resolution, quantification, and reliable determination of enantiomeric excess of proteinogenic and non‐proteinogenic amino acids by comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography
Authors: Pepino Raphaël , Leyva Vanessa , Garcia Adrien D. , Bocková Jana , Meinert Cornelia 
Published: October 2022

This work proposes a comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography method for the resolution and quantification of 27 amino acids, including 17 enantiomeric pairs, as stable N‐trifluoroacetyl‐O‐methyl ester derivatives. The derivatization approach in combination with enantioselective two‐dimensional gas chromatography has proven to be highly responsive with a method detection limit of 1–7 pg even for sterically hindered amino acids such as α,α‐dialkylated, and N‐alkylated amino acids. Accurate determination of the enantiomeric excess was achieved with errors in the range of ±0.5%–2.5% (1σ) at concentrations ≥10‒6 M. A thorough study of the mass spectra of the amino acid derivatives allowed the fragmentation pathways to be distinguished, enabling chromatographic peaks to be unambiguously assigned. The proposed method is particularly suited for applications that require the precise determination of enantiomeric excesses such as those concerning the role of d‐amino acid enantiomers in humans, animals, and the environment, as well as for analyses of extraterrestrial samples aimed at understanding the selection of amino acids in stereochemical l‐configuration.