bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gravitational lensing effects of supermassive black holes in cluster environments
Authors: Mahler Guillaume , Natarajan Priyamvada , Jauzac Mathilde , Richard Johan 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
This study explores the gravitational lensing effects of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in galaxy clusters. While the presence of central SMBHs in galaxies is firmly established, recent work from high-resolution simulations predict the existence of an additional population of wandering SMBHs. Though the masses of these SMBHs are a minor perturbation on the larger scale and individual galaxy scale dark matter components in the cluster, they can impact statistical lensing properties and individual lensed image configurations. Probing for these potentially observable signatures, we find that SMBHs imprint detectable signatures in rare, higher order strong lensing image configurations although they do not manifest any statistically significant detectable evidence in either the magnification distribution or the integrated shear profile. Investigating specific lensed image geometries, we report that a massive, near point-like, potential of an SMBH causes the following detectable effects: (i) image splitting leading to the generation of extra images; (ii) positional and magnification asymmetries in multiply imaged systems; and (iii) the apparent disappearance of a lensed counter image. Of these, image splitting inside the cluster tangential critical curve, is the most prevalent notable observational signature. We demonstrate these possibilities in two cases of observed giant arcs in SGAS J003341.5+024217 and RX J1347.5−1145, wherein specific image configurations seen can be reproduced with SMBHs. Future observations with high-resolution instrumentation (e.g. MAVIS-Very Large Telescope, MICADO-Extremely Large Telescope, and the upgraded ngVLA, along with data from the Euclid and Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescopes and the Rubin LSST Observatory are likely to allow us to probe these unique yet rare SMBHs lensing signatures.
Structural basis of flagellar motility regulation by the MogR repressor and the GmaR antirepressor in Listeria monocytogenes
Authors: Cho So Yeon , Na Hye-won , Oh Han Byeol , Kwak Yun Mi , Song Wan Seok , Park Sun Cheol , Jeon Wook-Jong , Cho Hongbaek , Oh Byung-Chul , Park Jeongho , Kang Seung Goo , Lee Geun-Shik , Yoon Sung-il 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The pathogenic Listeria monocytogenes bacterium produces the flagellum as a locomotive organelle at or below 30°C outside the host, but it halts flagellar expression at 37°C inside the human host to evade the flagellum-induced immune response. Listeria monocytogenes GmaR is a thermosensor protein that coordinates flagellar expression by binding the master transcriptional repressor of flagellar genes (MogR) in a temperature-responsive manner. To understand the regulatory mechanism whereby GmaR exerts the antirepression activity on flagellar expression, we performed structural and mutational analyses of the GmaR–MogR system. At or below 30°C, GmaR exists as a functional monomer and forms a circularly enclosed multidomain structure via an interdomain interaction. GmaR in this conformation recognizes MogR using the C-terminal antirepressor domain in a unique dual binding mode and mediates the antirepressor function through direct competition and spatial restraint mechanisms. Surprisingly, at 37°C, GmaR rapidly forms autologous aggregates that are deficient in MogR neutralization capabilities.
177Lu-PSMA Therapy for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Mini-Review of State-of-the-Art
Authors: AlSadi Rahaf , Bouhali Othmane , Dewji Shaheen , Djekidel Mehdi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundProstate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) ligand labeled with Lutetium-177 (177Lu) is a promising therapeutic option for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Several prospective and retrospective studies as well as clinical trials are completed or underway. This has ultimately led to the approval of this therapy by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on March 23 2022. Our work aims to present a mini-review of the most recent research performed and the potential future directions of 177Lu-PSMA-radioligand therapy (RLT) for mCRPC patients.Main bodyFor patients with mCRPCwho have met the eligibility criteria for 177Lu-PSMA RLT, numerous studies and trials are either ongoing or have been completed. The studies included in this review have reported overall biochemical response, defined as a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) decline of at least 50%, in at least 44% of patients with mCRPC. The median ranges of overall survival (OS) and radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) were reported within 10.7-56 and 3.6-16 months, respectively. With data from several retrospective and prospective studies published, the safety of 177Lu-PSMA RLT in mCRPC has been confirmed and demonstrated by its low toxicity profile. Various studies have published pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic models to better understand the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of the RLT in this patient population. Findings have been published for 177Lu-PSMA RLT alone and in combination with other agents. We summarize their findings in our review.ConclusionsThe efficacy of 177Lu-PSMA RLT for patients with mCRPC has been proven thus far with promising results: PSA response, OS and rPFS when used alone or in combination with other treatment options, relative to the standard treatment options alone. The low toxicity profile noted also proves the safety of 177Lu-PSMA RLT in these patients.
Professional ethics survey identifies strengths and areas for improvement in the American Ornithological Society
Authors: Walsh Jennifer , Bowman Reed , Brawn Jeffrey D , Covino Kristen M , Dugger Katie M , Fleischer Robert C , Houtz Jennifer L , Mahoney Sean M , Pruett-Jones Melinda , Tarwater Corey E , Fair Jeanne 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In response to a growing need to foster ethical behavior within scientific societies, the American Ornithological Society’s (AOS) professional ethics committee conducted a survey of members in spring 2021 to identify the primary challenges and ethical conduct concerns. The survey indicated that the AOS has a strong culture of professional ethics and highlighted areas needing improvement. Participants identified discrimination and lack of inclusivity (44%), scientific fraud and abuse in data and publications (35%), and sexual harassment (31%) as the highest potential risks for unethical behavior in our organization. Moreover, approximately one-third of respondents (34%) had personally witnessed or experienced unethical behavior as an AOS member. A smaller proportion (16%) felt pressure to compromise their work standards in ornithology. These findings are likely representative of broader patterns that professional, scientific societies face as they seek to provide safe, welcoming, and thoughtful environments for researchers to share their work, gain valuable feedback, and develop collaborations. The survey results also create a framework for workshops, training opportunities, and disseminating information within the AOS and, ideally, with the broader, international community of ornithologists.
High Expression of ALTERNATIVE OXIDASE 2 in Latent Axillary Buds Suggests Its Key Role in Quiescence Maintenance in Rosebush
Authors: Porcher Alexis , Guérin Vincent , Macherel David , Lebrec Anita , Satour Pascale , Lothier Jérémy , Vian Alain 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Most vegetative axes remain quiescent as dormant axillary buds until metabolic and hormonal signals, driven by environmental changes, trigger bud outgrowth. While the resumption of growth activity is well documented, the establishment and maintenance of quiescence is comparatively poorly understood, despite its major importance in the adaptation of plants to the seasonal cycle or in the establishment of their shape. Here, using the rosebush Rosa hybrida ‘Radrazz’ as a plant model, we highlighted that the quiescent state was the consequence of an internal and active energy control of buds, under the influence of hormonal factors previously identified in the bud outgrowth process. We found that the quiescent state in the non-growing vegetative axis of dormant axillary buds displayed a low energy state along with a high expression of the ALTERNATIVE OXIDASE 2 (AOX2) and the accumulation of the corresponding protein. Conversely, AOX2 expression and protein amount strongly decreased during bud burst as energy status shifted to a high state, allowing growth. Since AOX2 can deviate electrons from the cytochrome pathway in the mitochondrial respiratory chain, it could drastically reduce the formation of ATP, which would result in a low energy status unfavorable for growth activities. We provide evidence that the presence/absence of AOX2 in quiescent/growing vegetative axes of buds was under hormonal control and thus may constitute the mechanistic basis of both quiescence and sink strength manifestation, two important aspects of budbreak.
A YAP/TAZ-CD54 axis is required for CXCR2 −CD44 − tumor-specific neutrophils to suppress gastric cancer
Authors: Nie Pingping , Zhang Weihong , Meng Yan , Lin Moubin , Guo Fenghua , Zhang Hui , Tong Zhenzhu , Wang Meng , Chen Fan , An Liwei , Tang Yang , Han Yi , Yu Ruixian , Wang Wenjia , Xu Yuanzhi , Wei Linxin , Zhou Zhaocai , Jiao Shi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
As an important part of tumor microenvironment, neutrophils are poorly understood due to their spatiotemporal heterogeneity in tumorigenesis. Here we defined, at single-cell resolution, CD44 −CXCR2 − neutrophils as tumor-specific neutrophils (tsNeus) in both mouse and human gastric cancer (GC). We uncovered a Hippo regulon in neutrophils with unique YAP signature genes (e.g., ICAM1, CD14, EGR1) distinct from those identified in epithelial and/or cancer cells. Importantly, knockout of YAP/TAZ in neutrophiles impaired their differentiation into CD54 + tsNeus and reduced their antitumor activity, leading to accelerated GC progression. Moreover, the relative amounts of CD54 + tsNeus were found to be negatively associated with GC progression and positively associated with patient survival. Interestingly, GC patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy had increased numbers of CD54 + tsNeus. Furthermore, pharmacologically enhancing YAP activity selectively activated neutrophils to suppress refractory GC, with no significant inflammation-related side effects. Thus, our work characterized tumor-specific neutrophils in GC and revealed an essential role of YAP/TAZ-CD54 axis in tsNeus, opening a new possibility to develop neutrophil-based antitumor therapeutics.
Momentum reconstruction of charged particles using multiple Coulomb scatterings in a nuclear emulsion detector
Authors: Odagawa T , Suzuki Y , Fukuda T , Kikawa T , Komatsu M , Nakaya T , Sato O , Shibuya H , Yasutome K 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper describes a new method for momentum reconstruction of charged particles using multiple Coulomb scatterings in a nuclear emulsion detector with a layered structure of nuclear emulsion films and target materials. The method utilizes the scattering angles of particles precisely measured in the emulsion films. The method is based on the maximum likelihood to include the new information on the decrease of the energy as the particle travels through the detector. According to the Monte Carlo simulations, this method can measure momentum with a resolution of 10% for muons of ${500}\, {\rm MeV}/c$ passing through the detector perpendicularly. The momentum resolution is evaluated to be 10–20%, depending on the momentum and emission angle of the particle. By accounting for the effect of the energy decrease, the momentum can be reconstructed correctly with less bias, particularly in the low-momentum region. We apply this method to measure the momentum of muon tracks detected in the Neutrino Interaction research with Nuclear emulsion and J-PARC Accelerator (NINJA) experiment where the momentum is also measured independently by using the track range. The two measurements agree well within experimental uncertainties, verifying the method experimentally. This method will extend the measurable phase space of muons and hadrons in the NINJA experiment.
Intravenous Lidocaine in Chronic Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Lee James H. , Koutalianos Evangeline P. , Leimer Elizabeth M. , Bhullar Ravneet K. , Argoff Charles E. 
Published: October 2022

Objectives:
A systematic review of original research articles was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of lidocaine infusion in the treatment of adult patients with chronic neuropathic pain.

Materials and Methods:
Original research from 1970 to September 2021 describing adult patients with chronic neuropathic pain receiving at least 1 dose of intravenous lidocaine was included. Extracted data included study design, sample size, patient demographics and comorbidities, etiology and duration of pain, pain intensity scores, time to pain resolution, lidocaine dose and administration frequency, lidocaine serum concentration, and adverse events. Each study was evaluated for level of evidence using the 2017 American Association of Neurology classification system.

Results:
Twenty-seven studies evaluating lidocaine infusion treatment in chronic neuropathic pain met inclusion criteria. One class I study was identified for patients with neuropathic pain due to spinal cord injury . Two Class II studies were identified, one describing neuropathic pain due to peripheral nerve injury and another due to diabetic neuropathy. Across all studies, study design, participants, and experimental interventions were heterogenous with wide variation.

Discussion:
This qualitative review found insufficient, heterogenous evidence and therefore no recommendation can be made for lidocaine infusion treatment in patients with chronic neuropathic pain due to spinal cord injury, peripheral nerve injury, diabetic neuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia, or complex regional pain syndrome type II. Larger randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies are required to further establish the efficacy of lidocaine infusion in patients with these etiologies of chronic neuropathic pain.
Effects of Age, Sex, and Comedication on the Plasma Concentrations of Olanzapine in Chinese Patients With Schizophrenia Based on Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Data
Authors: Ding Jing , Zhang Yan , Zhang Yan , Yang Liu , Zhang Suo , Cui Xiaohua , Meng Zhuocheng , Li Yajuan , Xing Huan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Olanzapine (OLA) is an atypical second-generation antipsychotic that exhibits significant pharmacokinetic variability. We retrospectively investigated the effects of age, sex, and specific comedications on OLA pharmacokinetics in Chinese patients with schizophrenia.

Methods
Data on sex, age, and OLA dosage and steady-state plasma concentrations of 386 patients with schizophrenia (who have received OLA or a comedication of OLA with a psychotherapeutic drug) were collected and analyzed. The combined effects of dosage, age, sex, and comedication on OLA plasma levels were assessed via multiple linear regression analyses.

Results
A daily dose of OLA was positively correlated with the drug's plasma concentrations. Overall, the OLA plasma concentrations and concentration-to-dose ratio (C/D) of the studied patients varied by 53.6- and 64.1-fold, achieving median values of 42.7 ng/mL and 2.73 (ng/mL)/(mg/d), respectively. Furthermore, a 1.27-fold higher estimated C/D in patients 60 years or older than in those younger than 60 years was identified. Female patients demonstrated a 33.6% higher C/D than in male patients. When coadministered with mood stabilizers (valproate or lithium), the median OLA C/D was 24.1% to 26.1% lower than that of OLA monotherapy. Interestingly, the OLA plasma concentration and C/D were not significantly affected by a comedication with aripiprazole, haloperidol, amisulpride, risperidone, clozapine, ziprasidone, citalopram, or buspirone.

Conclusions
The administered drug's dose was identified as an important determinant of the achieved OLA plasma concentration, with a positive correlation. The patients' sex and valproate (or lithium) comedication can significantly affect the C/D of OLA. Therapeutic drug monitoring should be routinely applied in cases of OLA-receiving patients with schizophrenia.
Characterization of the Conversion of Meeting Presentation to Publication From the 2016 and 2018 ISSVA Workshops
Authors: Banyi Norbert , Baweja Sahdev , Tuen Young Ji , Bucevska Marija , Arneja Jugpal S. 
Published: October 2022

Objectives:
Presentations at scientific conferences and subsequent publications play a critical role in a specialty’s advancement. Previous estimates suggest that about half of the content presented at conferences is not published. The objective of this study is to characterize the conversion from meeting presentations to publications from the 2016 and 2018 International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies (ISSVA) Workshops.

Methods:
The PubMed interface (MEDLINE) and Google Scholar were used to search for published works. Excluded presentations included keynotes, research letters, and education-related theses. Parameters reviewed included conversion rate, time to publication, senior author subspecialty, study design and level of evidence, journal name, and 5-year impact factor.

Results:
40.43% of searched conference abstracts were published in peer-reviewed journals. The median publication time from presentation was 16 months (range −28.9 to 41.1). The most frequent specialties of 224 senior authors were: plastic surgery (21.4%), dermatology (20.0%), and radiology (10.7%). Authors published in 111 separate journals, where the majority of publications appeared in Pediatric Dermatology (5.8%). A majority of publications (51.3%) had a case series study design and were level 4 evidence. The median 5-year impact factor was 3.49.

Conclusions:
From the 2016 and 2018 ISSVA meetings reviewed, less than half of presentations were converted to publications. Studies were published in a wide range of journals, in alignment with specialty. A significant portion of vascular anomalies research at ISSVA that may have the potential to improve patient care does not reach a wider audience.
Prevalence, Incidence, and Persistence of Postpartum Anxiety, Depression, and Comorbidity
Authors: Esquivel Lauzurique Mercedes , Vera Fernández Yeneir , Dennis Cindy-Lee , Rubén Quesada Mercedes , Álvarez Valdés Gisela , Lye Stephen , Tamayo-Pérez Vilma 
Published: October 2022

Objective:
To estimate the prevalence, incidence, and persistence of postpartum anxiety, depression, and comorbid symptoms over the first 6 months postpartum in a cohort of Havana women and to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive power of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) at 4 weeks postpartum on depressive and anxiety symptoms at 12 and 24 weeks.

Method:
A cohort study with 273 women in Havana, Cuba. Participants were assessed at 4, 12, and 24 weeks postpartum for anxiety, depression, and comorbid symptoms.

Results:
Prevalence rates were highest at 4 weeks postpartum: 20.0% women reported elevated levels of anxiety and 16.4% reported depressive symptoms. The prevalence of comorbid anxiety and depression was 5.8%. While rates of anxiety steadily decreased to 13.8% at 24 weeks, rates of depression persisted to 24 weeks postpartum with 14.5% still experiencing elevated symptoms. Comorbid anxiety and depression decreased across time. There were limited sensitivity and poor predictive values for both the STAI and the EPDS.

Conclusion:
This study is the first to examine perinatal mental illness in Cuba. While anxiety and depression rates found among Cuban women are lower than those reported in other low-income countries, the rates paralleled high-income countries.
Surgical Management of Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Two-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Hamaguchi Ryoko , Wearda Taylor L. , Volk Angela S. , Kramer Kimberly M. , Kimball Alexa B. , Chaffin Abigail E. , Orgill Dennis P. 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic inflammatory condition that presents a challenging reconstructive problem for plastic surgeons.

Methods:
The authors performed a retrospective chart review of hidradenitis suppurativa patients managed with surgical excision between 2005 and 2020 at Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Tulane University Medical Center. Operative cases associated with the same hospitalization were organized into treatment episodes and assessed for patient demographics, operative techniques, and outcomes.

Results:
A total of 181 patients, 435 cases and 316 treatment episodes (Brigham and Women’s Hospital, n = 269; Tulane University Medical Center, n = 47), were identified across two diverse institutions. Their respective series showed comparable patient demographics, and 94 percent of the combined episodes achieved wound closure and healing during the study period. Several techniques of closure were identified, including immediate closure and site-specific methods, such as an expedited staged closure using internal negative-pressure wound therapy as a temporary bridge, “recycled” skin grafting, and repurposing iodoform wicks as an adjunct wound healing therapy to immediate closure.

Conclusions:
This large multi-institutional retrospective chart review on the plastic surgical management of hidradenitis suppurativa demonstrates that surgery is an effective therapy for hidradenitis suppurativa and captures a diversity of site-specific techniques that may serve as a foundation for future prospective studies and evidence-based guidelines for the use of various techniques to optimize patients’ surgical outcomes.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, IV.
SARS-CoV-2 Seropositivity and HIV Viral Load Among Mozambican Pregnant Women
Authors: González Raquel , Nhampossa Tacilta , Figueroa-Romero Antía , Mendes Anete , Mazuze Maura , García-Otero Laura , Sevene Esperança , Piqueras Mireia , Egri Natalia , Bedini Josep Lluis , Saúte Francisco , Menendez Clara 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
Prevalence estimates of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Africa are limited, particularly among pregnant women and in those living with HIV. This study assessed the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among Mozambican HIV-infected pregnant women during the first year of the pandemic, before COVID-19 vaccines were deployed in the country.

Setting:
The study was conducted in Manhiça district, a semirural area in southern Mozambique.

Methods:
A prospective cohort study including pregnant women living with HIV was conducted from November 2019 to June 2021. Women were enrolled at the first antenatal care clinic visit and followed until postpartum. HIV viral load and IgM/IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 were determined in blood samples at first antenatal care clinic visit and at delivery. Associations between SARS-CoV-2 serostatus and maternal characteristics at enrolment were analyzed.

Results:
A total of 397 women were enrolled. SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM antibodies were detected in 7.1% of women at enrolment and in 8.5% of women at delivery. Overall, SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were detected in 45 women (11.3%; 95% confidence interval 8.4 to 14.9%) during the study period; the first seropositive sample was identified in September 2020. Having undetectable HIV viral load was associated with seropositivity of SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM [odds ratio 3.35 (1.10 to 11.29); P = 0.039].

Conclusion:
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in this cohort of Mozambican unvaccinated pregnant women was similar to reported global estimates of approximately 10% in pregnancy for 2021. The findings also suggest that pregnant women with high HIV viral load may have an impaired immune response against SARS-CoV-2 and might need to be carefully managed in case of COVID-19.