bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Torsade de pointes in an older patient with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy caused by licorice‐induced pseudoaldosteronism: A case report
Authors: Yoshida Chiaki , Yamamoto Hiroyuki , Inoue Tomohiro , Itoh Mitsuaki , Shimane Akira , Kawai Hiroya , Takaya Tomofumi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTakotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) causes QT interval prolongation, potentially leading to a fatal arrhythmia. We report the first case of TCM associated with licorice‐induced pseudoaldosteronism causing fatal arrhythmia in an older patient on polypharmacy including yokukansan (TJ‐54) and galantamine. Polypharmacy should be resolved to prevent unexpected adverse events in older patients.
Statistical channel model to characterize turbulence‐induced fluctuations in the underwater wireless optical communication links
Authors: Singh Mandeep , Singh Maninder Lal , Kaur Hardeep , Singh Gill Harpuneet , Priyanka  , Kaur Sehajpal 
Published: July 2022

SummaryUnderwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) turns out to be a primary sought alternative to wireless technology, which can provide high data rate, enormous bandwidth, and low deployment cost and resolve the crowded radio frequency band issues. The performance of the UWOC link is significantly affected by the turbulent ocean environment. In this paper, the different turbulence scenarios such as salinity gradients, temperature gradients, and air bubbles are considered to model the turbulent nature of the ocean environment experimentally. These turbulent conditions induce severe intensity fluctuations in the received optical signal. These intensity fluctuations are modeled stochastically, and a novel turbulence channel model is proposed, which excellently fitted with the experimental data. The conformity of the proposed model is validated by performing a goodness of fit test in terms ofR2and root mean square error (RMSE) coefficients. The results show that for all the considered turbulent scenarios, the Gaussian mixture model better approximates the experimental observations than the Weibull distribution. As the strength of the turbulence increases, the chances of link outage and the probability of bit errors increase. At a flow rate of 4 L/min, the bit error rate (BER) of 10−20, 10−14, and 10−10is recorded under clear water, salinity, and temperature gradient channel conditions, respectively. It is observed that the air bubbles have a significant impact on the propagating optical beam in comparison to temperature and salinity‐induced turbulence. Moreover, a close agreement between the proposed model and the experimental data is also observed, which makes the proposed model more appropriate to describe the turbulent ocean environment.
Subsidy accessibility drives asymmetric food web responses
Authors: Gutgesell Marie , McMeans Bailey C. , Guzzo Matthew M. , de Groot Valesca , Fisk Aaron T. , Johnson Timothy B. , McCann Kevin S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGlobal change is fundamentally altering flows of natural and anthropogenic subsidies across space and time. After a pointed call for research on subsidies in the 1990s, an industry of empirical work has documented the ubiquitous role subsidies play in ecosystem structure, stability, and function. Here, we argue that physical constraints (e.g., water temperature) and species traits can govern a species' accessibility to resource subsidies, which has been largely overlooked in the subsidy literature. We examined the input of a high‐quality, point‐source anthropogenic subsidy (aquaculture feed) into a recipient freshwater lake food web. Using a combined bio‐tracer approach, we detect a gradient in accessibility of the anthropogenic subsidy within the surrounding food web driven by the thermal preferences of three constituent species, effectively rewiring the recipient lake food web. Because aquaculture is predicted to increase significantly in coming decades to support growing human populations, and global change is altering temperature regimes, then this form of food web alteration may be expected to occur frequently. We argue that subsidy accessibility is a key characteristic of recipient food web interactions that must be considered when trying to understand the impacts of subsidies on ecosystem stability and function under continued global change.
Does raising retirement age lead to a healthier transition to retirement? Evidence from the U.S. Social Security Amendments of 1983
Authors: Ci Zhaoxue 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGovernments are under pressure to raise the retirement age in response to an aging population and low fertility rates. However, the literature has not reached a consistent conclusion on the health effects of extending working lives. Furthermore, while most studies have concentrated on post‐retirement health consequences, the health outcomes during the transition from work to retirement have been overlooked. Therefore, this article focuses on the transition period — the time between the early benefit age and full retirement age. Exploiting the increase in retirement age introduced by the U.S. Social Security Amendments of 1983, the difference‐in‐difference estimation finds that the reform successfully encouraged more people to work longer and claim benefits later, whilst having no adverse influence on health during the transition period. This paper infers that the desirable impacts of the 1983 amendments could be partly attributed to the adequate preparation time the reform left to the public.
Hepatic retinoic acid receptor alpha mediates all‐trans retinoic acid's effect on diet‐induced hepatosteatosis
Authors: Cassim Bawa Fathima N. , Xu Yanyong , Gopoju Raja , Plonski Noel‐Marie , Shiyab Amy , Hu Shuwei , Chen Shaoru , Zhu Yingdong , Jadhav Kavita , Kasumov Takhar , Zhang Yanqiao 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
All‐trans retinoic acid (AtRA) is an active metabolite of vitamin A that influences many biological processes in development, differentiation, and metabolism. AtRA functions through activation of retinoid acid receptors (RARs). AtRA is shown to ameliorate hepatic steatosis, but the underlying mechanism is not well understood. In this study, we investigated the role of hepatocyte RAR alpha (RARα) in mediating the effect of AtRA on hepatosteatosis in mice. Hepatocyte‐specific Rarα

−/−
(L‐Rarα

−/−
) mice and their control mice were fed a chow diet, high‐fat diet (HFD), or a high‐fat/cholesterol/fructose (HFCF) diet. Some of the mice were also treated with AtRA. Loss of hepatocyte RARα‐induced hepatosteatosis in chow‐fed aged mice and HFD‐fed mice. AtRA prevented and reversed HFCF diet–induced obesity and hepatosteatosis in the control mice but not in L‐Rarα

−/−
mice. Furthermore, AtRA reduced hepatocyte fatty acid uptake and lipid droplet formation, dependent on hepatocyte RARα. Our data suggest that hepatocyte RARα plays an important role in preventing hepatosteatosis and mediates AtRA's effects on diet‐induced hepatosteatosis.
Evaluation of classification ability of logistic regression model on SERS data of miRNAs
Authors: Zeng Xiaojun , Liu Yu , Liu Wei , Yuan Changjing , Luo Xizi , Xie Fengxin , Chen Xueping , de la Chapelle Marc Lamy , Tian Huiyan , Yang Xiang , Fu Weiling 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLogistic regression (LR) is a supervised multiple linear regression model, which uses linear weighted calculation for input to obtain weight coefficients of model. The surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) technology greatly enhances the Raman signal of analyte. LR model was used to analyze the data of seven types of pancreatic cancer‐related miRNAs obtained from commercial SERS substrate. The classification ability of the model on such data was observed under the configurations of different key parameters (classification mode, regularization method and loss function optimization way), and the effect of the two types of data formats were also evaluated. The results showed that though LR model used to classify this data did not perform well as expected, miRNA‐191 and miRNA‐4306 still had high recalls (sensitivity), which laid a theoretical foundation for the purpose of using LR model to identify these two miRNAs to jointly diagnose of pancreatic cancer at miRNA level.
Polycaprolactone/chlorinated bioglass scaffolds doped with Mg and Li ions: Morphological, physicochemical, and biological analysis
Authors: Kukulka Elisa Camargo , de Souza Joyce Rodrigues , de Araújo Juliani Carolini Ribeiro , de Vasconcellos Luana Marotta Reis , Campos Tiago Moreira Bastos , Thim Gilmar Patricínio , Borges Alexandre Luiz Souto 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe objective was to synthesize and characterize fine polycaprolactone (PCL) fibers associated with a new 58S bioglass obtained by the precipitated sol–gel route, produced by the electrospinning process in order to incorporate therapeutic ions (Mg and Li). In PCL/acetone solutions were added 7% pure bioglass, bioglass doped with Mg(NO3)2 and Li2CO3 and were subjected to electrospinning process. The fibers obtained were characterized morphologically, chemically and biologically. The results showed the presence of fine fibers at the nanometric scale and with diameters ranging from 0.67 to 1.92 μm among groups. Groups containing bioglass showed particles both inside and on the surface of the fibers. The components of the polymer, bioglass and therapeutic ions were present in the fibers produced. The produced fibers showed cell viability and induced the formation of mineralization nodules. It was observed the applicability of that methodology in making an improved biomaterial, which adds the osteoinductive properties of the bioglass to PCL and to those of therapeutic ions, applicable to guided bone regeneration.
Acute skeletal muscle loss in SARS‐CoV‐2 infection contributes to poor clinical outcomes in COVID‐19 patients
Authors: Attaway Amy , Welch Nicole , Dasarathy Dhweeja , Amaya‐Hughley Jocelyn , Bellar Annette , Biehl Michelle , Dugar Siddharth , Engelen Marielle P.K.J. , Zein Joe , Dasarathy Srinivasan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundChronic disease causes skeletal muscle loss that contributes to morbidity and mortality. There are limited data on the impact of dynamic muscle loss on clinical outcomes in COVID‐19. We hypothesized that acute COVID‐19‐related muscle loss (acute sarcopenia) is associated with adverse outcomes.MethodsA retrospective analysis of a prospective clinical registry of COVID‐19 patients was performed in consecutive hospitalized patients with acute COVID‐19 (n = 95) and compared with non‐COVID‐19 controls (n = 19) with two temporally unique CT scans. Pectoralis muscle (PM), erector spinae muscle (ESM) and 30 day standardized per cent change in cross sectional muscle area were quantified. Primary outcomes included mortality and need for intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Multivariate linear and logistic regression were performed. Cox proportional hazard ratios were generated for ICU admission or mortality for the per cent muscle loss standardized to 30 days.ResultsThe COVID‐19 CT scan cohort (n = 95) had an average age of 63.3 ± 14.3 years, comorbidities including COPD (28.4%) and diabetes mellitus (42.1%), and was predominantly Caucasian (64.9%). The proportion of those admitted to the ICU was 54.7%, with 10.5% requiring tracheostomy and overall mortality 16.8%. Median duration between CT scans was 32 days (IQR: 16–63 days). Significant reductions in median per cent loss was noted for PM (−2.64% loss [IQR: −0.28, −5.47] in COVID‐19 vs. −0.06 loss [IQR: −0.01, −0.28] in non‐COVID‐19 CT controls, P < 0.001) and ESM (−1.86% loss [IQR: −0.28, −5.47] in COVID‐19 vs. −0.06 loss [IQR: −0.02, −0.11]) in non‐COVID‐19 CT controls, P < 0.001). Multivariate linear regression analysis of per cent loss in PM was significantly associated with mortality (−10.8% loss [95% CI: −21.5 to −0.19]) and ICU admission (−11.1% loss [95% CI: −19.4 to −2.67]), and not significant for ESM. Cox proportional hazard ratios demonstrated greater association with ICU admission (adj HR 2.01 [95% CI: 1.14–3.55]) and mortality (adj HR 5.30 [95% CI: 1.19–23.6]) for those with significant per cent loss in PM, and greater association with ICU admission (adj HR 8.22 [95% CI: 1.11–61.04]) but not mortality (adj HR 2.20 [95% CI: 0.70–6.97]) for those with significant per cent loss in ESM.ConclusionsIn a well‐characterized cohort of 95 hospitalized patients with acute COVID‐19 and two temporally distinct CT scans, acute sarcopenia, determined by standardized reductions in PM and ESM, was associated with worse clinical outcomes. These data lay the foundation for evaluating dynamic muscle loss as a predictor of clinical outcomes and targeting acute sarcopenia to improve clinical outcomes for COVID‐19.
Descriptive analysis of seizures and comorbidities associated with fragile X syndrome
Authors: Albizua Igor , Charen Krista , Shubeck Lisa , Talboy Amy , Berry‐Kravis Elizabeth , Kaufmann Walter E. , Stallworth Jennifer L. , Drazba Katy T. , Erickson Craig A. , Sweeney John A. , Tartaglia Nicole , Warren Steven F. , Hagerman Randi , Sherman Stephanie L. , Warren Stephen T. , Jin Peng , Allen Emily G. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundFragile X syndrome is characterized by a myriad of physical features, behavioral features, and medical problems. Commonly found behavioral features are hyperactivity, anxiety, socialization difficulties, and ASD. There is also a higher incidence than in the general population of strabismus, otitis media, and mitral valve prolapse. In addition, one of the most common medical problems associated with FXS is an increased risk of seizures. A subset of individuals carrying the full mutation of the FMR1 gene and diagnosed with fragile X syndrome (FXS) are reported to experience seizures, mostly during the first 10 years of their life span.MethodsAs part of a larger project to identify genetic variants that modify the risk of seizures, we collected clinical information from 49 carriers with FXS who experienced seizures and 46 without seizures. We compared seizure type and comorbid conditions based on the source of data as well as family history of seizures.ResultsWe found that the concordance of seizure types observed by parents and medical specialists varied by type of seizure. The most common comorbid condition among those with seizures was autism spectrum disorder (47% per medical records vs. 33% per parent report compared with 19% among those without seizures per parent report); the frequency of other comorbid conditions did not differ among groups. We found a slightly higher frequency of family members who experienced seizures among the seizure group compared with the nonseizure group.ConclusionThis study confirms previously reported features of seizures in FXS, supports additional genetic factors, and highlights the importance of information sources, altogether contributing to a better understanding of seizures in FXS.
Beyond guidelines: A qualitative clinical stakeholder study of optimal management of anterior cruciate ligament rehabilitation
Authors: Dunphy Emma , Button Kate , Murray Elizabeth , Hamilton Fiona L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimsThis study gathered expert perspectives in the management of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rehabilitation to explore current practice, variations in care and optimal management strategies.Materials and methodsThis was a qualitative semi‐structured interview study. The participants' experiences were considered in terms of their roles as employees, managers, clinicians and professional gatekeepers. Purposive and snowball sampling were used to recruit physiotherapists and orthopaedic surgeons. Participants were included if they had a proven record in clinical management or research involving ACL patients. Persons were excluded if they could not speak English. Interviews were conducted in person, via skype or over the phone at a time convenient to the participant. Data was analysed using a framework analysis and critical realist approach.ResultsResults included 24 interviews that were conducted with 19 physiotherapists and 5 surgeons. Themes of variation in current care and optimal care were explored including subthemes of patient centred practice, evidence based medicine, resources, self‐management, multidisciplinary teamwork, training and expertise were explored. Participant's perceptions of current care were that it was a location ‘lottery’ that significantly varied for patients across the UK.ConclusionsStakeholders identified that optimal management should be patient centred and incorporate adequate equipment, specific training for physiotherapists and a closely communicating multidisciplinary team. Research is needed to explore cost effective models of optimal rehabilitation that include return to sport strategies.
Nurses' perceptions of career ladder systems, job satisfaction and turnover intention: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Ahn Young Seon , Choi Jeong Sil 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimThis study aimed to compare nurses' perceptions of career ladder systems, job satisfaction and turnover intention in small‐ and medium‐sized hospitals with and without a career ladder system.DesignA cross‐sectional, correlational, descriptive study was conducted.MethodsData were collected using self‐report surveys from 130–144 participants in small‐ and medium‐sized hospitals with and without a career ladder system, respectively. The data were collected from July 1, 2019‐July 31, 2019.ResultsThe perception of the career ladder system was positively correlated with job satisfaction in hospitals with and without a career ladder system but negatively correlated with turnover intention in those with a career ladder system only. A positive perception of the system is associated with increased job satisfaction and lowered turnover intention. Hospitals should implement a career ladder system and improve nurses' perception by addressing the specific categories identified in this study.
Solitary central osteoma of the mandible with unusual clinicoradiological presentations: A case report and literature review
Authors: Chan Nyein Nyein , Yamazaki Manabu , Sakuma Hidenobu , Hayashi Takafumi , Kobayashi Tadaharu , Tanuma Jun‐ichi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundCentral osteoma of the jaw is a rare benign neoplasm presenting as bone expansion and a well‐defined radiopaque mass with impacted or displaced teeth.Case PresentationAn irregular mandibular molar resorption was discovered in a 57‐year‐old Japanese woman. Because radiographic features showed a resorbed root occupied by a cancellous bone mass, internal or external resorption and fibro‐osseous lesions were suspected. Histologically, the resected mass was composed of a compact and cancellous bone with fatty marrow and was diagnosed as central osteoma.ConclusionCentral osteomas can have diverse presentations and need to be differentiated from odontogenic and fibro‐osseous lesions.
Molecular dynamics simulation on performance modulation of graphene‐modified polyethylene during friction process
Authors: Li Shifan , Dong Conglin , Yuan Chengqing , Bai Xiuqin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMolecular dynamics simulation is an effective method to evaluate material properties at the early stage of material design, which can accurately guide the design of new materials and shorten the material development cycle. Therefore, in this study, the changes of tribological and mechanical properties of graphene reinforced polyethylene (PE) composites during friction process were simulated by molecular dynamics. The analysis results showed that the graphene induced the formation of a transfer film consisting of PE molecular chains at the friction interface, thereby reducing the interaction between the friction pair and the composites and preventing numerous molecular chains from collecting at the friction interface. Meanwhile, the graphene enhanced the free‐volume fraction to strengthen the mechanical properties of the composites‐thereby producing high‐performance composites. Thus, an appropriate graphene content could notably reduce both the coefficient of friction and wear rate of PE, and reinforce the polymer's tribological and mechanical properties. By adding 2 wt.% of graphene, the mechanical properties of the composite were significantly improved, while the coefficient of friction decreased by 29.6% and the wear rate decreased by 89.9% compared to that of pure PE, and presented the best strengthening effect. This knowledge will be useful for future designing and developing composite polymer materials with excellent tribological and mechanical properties used for key moving components.
Interlayer interaction characteristics of multi‐layered plain woven glass fabric in hemisphere forming
Authors: Mei Ming , He Yujia , Wei Kai , Yang Xujing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCharacterizing the interlayer interaction is beneficial to mitigate the manufacturing defects in the multi‐layered fabric forming of composite. However, the interlayer interactions including the force and sliding distance, and their effects on the defect generation have not been reported yet. Here, the monolayer and multi‐layered fabric hemisphere forming were conducted by experiments. Firstly, the forming force and deformation modes at different hemisphere regions are confirmed in the monolayer fabric forming as a reference. Then, in the multi‐layered forming, the interlayer interaction is confirmed to still exist in the configuration with the same ply orientations, whereas the forming force, forming force rate, and interlayer sliding are smaller than that in the configuration with different ply orientations. In addition, with the increase of layer number, the extent of interlayer interaction is improved, which intensifies the defect from the out of plane yarn buckling to the macro wrinkle in the tensile direction. Especially, it is revealed that the tensile direction of lower layer should be avoided under the shear direction of upper layer to reduce the interlayer sliding. These results obtained here provide an important reference to the multi‐layered plain woven fabric forming.
A Bayesian piecewise exponential phase II design for monitoring a time‐to‐event endpoint
Authors: Qing Yun , Thall Peter F. , Yuan Ying 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA robust Bayesian design is presented for a single‐arm phase II trial with an early stopping rule to monitor a time to event endpoint. The assumed model is a piecewise exponential distribution with non‐informative gamma priors on the hazard parameters in subintervals of a fixed follow up interval. As an additional comparator, we also define and evaluate a version of the design based on an assumed Weibull distribution. Except for the assumed models, the piecewise exponential and Weibull model based designs are identical to an established design that assumes an exponential event time distribution with an inverse gamma prior on the mean event time. The three designs are compared by simulation under several log‐logistic and Weibull distributions having different shape parameters, and for different monitoring schedules. The simulations show that, compared to the exponential inverse gamma model based design, the piecewise exponential design has substantially better performance, with much higher probabilities of correctly stopping the trial early, and shorter and less variable trial duration, when the assumed median event time is unacceptably low. Compared to the Weibull model based design, the piecewise exponential design does a much better job of maintaining small incorrect stopping probabilities in cases where the true median survival time is desirably large.