bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of La2O3 contents on microstructure and properties of laser-cladded 5 wt% CaB6/HA bioceramic coating
Authors: Liu Jinjing , Long Xin , Zhu Hongmei , Zhu Weihua , Chen Zhiyong , He Dong , Song Nini , Wang Xinlin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In the present work, 5 wt% CaB6/hydroxyapatite (HA) bioceramic coatings with different La2O3 contents (0–0.6 wt%) have been fabricated by a laser cladding technique on Ti–6Al–4V. The effects of La2O3 contents on microstructure and properties of the laser-cladded 5 wt% CaB6/HA coatings have been carefully investigated. The results show that the microstructure is obviously refined, and the structure is relatively uniform after doping 0.2–0.4 wt% La2O3. As the La2O3 content increases, the corrosion resistance are found to increase firstly and then gradually decrease. The x-rays diffraction analysis confirms that the amount of HA and TCP (calcium phosphate) in the coating reaches maximum after doping 0.2 wt% La2O3. The La2O3-doped coatings show a significantly higher bone-like apatite precipitation after immersion in simulated body fluid compared with La2O3-free coating. In vitro experiment also shows that 5 wt% CaB6/HA bioceramic coatings with 0.2–0.4 wt% La2O3 are more suitable for the attachment and proliferation of MG63 cells, exhibiting superior bioactivity and biocompatibility.
Fibroblast growth factor 13 is involved in the pathogenesis of temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Shen Kai-Feng , Yue Jiong , Wu Zhi-Feng , Wu Ke-Fu , Zhu Gang , Yang Xiao-Lin , Wang Zhong-Ke , Wang Jing , Liu Shi-Yong , Yang Hui , Zhang Chun-Qing 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common drug-resistant epilepsy in adults, with pathological mechanisms remaining to be fully elucidated. Fibroblast Growth Factor 13 (FGF13) encodes an intracellular protein involved in microtubule stabilization and regulation of voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) function. FGF13 mutation has been identified in patients with inherent seizure, suggesting a potential association between FGF13 and the etiology of TLE. Here, we set to explore the pathological role of FGF13 in the etiology of TLE.

Results
We found that the expression of FGF13 was increased in the cortical lesions and CA1 region of sclerotic hippocampus and correlated with the seizure frequency in TLE patients. Also, Fgf13 expression was increased in the hippocampus of chronic TLE mice generated by kainic acid (KA) injection. Furthermore, Fgf13 knockdown or overexpression was respectively found to attenuate or potentiate the effects of KA on axonal length, somatic area and the VGSCs-mediated current in the hippocampal neurons.

Conclusions
Taken together, these findings suggest that FGF13 is involved in the pathogenesis of TLE by modulating microtubule activity and neuronal excitability.
Individual variation in brain network topology is linked to course of illness in major depressive disorder
Authors: Sheng Wei , Cui Qian , Jiang Kexing , Chen Yuyan , Tang Qin , Wang Chong , Fan Yunshuang , Guo Jing , Lu Fengmei , He Zongling , Chen Huafu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a chronic and highly recurrent disorder. The functional connectivity in depression is affected by the cumulative effect of course of illness. However, previous neuroimaging studies on abnormal functional connection have not mainly focused on the disease duration, which is seen as a secondary factor. Here, we used a data-driven analysis (multivariate distance matrix regression) to examine the relationship between the course of illness and resting-state functional dysconnectivity in MDD. This method identified a region in the anterior cingulate cortex, which is most linked to course of illness. Specifically, follow-up seed analyses show this phenomenon resulted from the individual differences in the topological distribution of three networks. In individuals with short-duration MDD, the connection to the default mode network was strong. By contrast, individuals with long-duration MDD showed hyperconnectivity to the ventral attention network and the frontoparietal network. These results emphasized the centrality of the anterior cingulate cortex in the pathophysiology of the increased course of illness and implied critical links between network topography and pathological duration. Thus, dissociable patterns of connectivity of the anterior cingulate cortex is an important dimension feature of the disease process of depression.
Expectations, Wage Hikes and Worker Voice
Authors: Adhvaryu Achyuta , Molina Teresa , Nyshadham Anant 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Enabling worker voice could improve worker retention and effort by providing workers the chance to improve their situation or an outlet to express discontent. We provide a test of this hypothesis via a randomised controlled trial in Indian garment factories. Just after what proved to be a disappointing wage hike, workers were chosen at random to participate in an anonymous survey in which they were asked for feedback on job conditions, supervisor performance and overall job satisfaction. Enabling voice in this manner reduced turnover and absenteeism after the hike, particularly for the most disappointed workers.
Characterisation of gluten-degrading prolyl endoprotease from Thermococcus kodakarensis
Authors: Shetty Radhakrishna , Bang-Berthelsen Claus Heiner , Ciurkot Klaudia Weronika , Vestergaard Mike , Hägglund Per Mårten , Prakash H S , Hobley Timothy John 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
There is increasing interest in gluten degrading enzymes for use during food and drink processing. The industrially available enzymes usually work best at low to ambient temperatures. However, food manufacturing is often conducted at higher temperatures. Therefore, thermostable gluten degrading enzymes are of great interest. We have identified a new thermostable gluten degrading proline specific prolyl endoprotease from the archaea Thermococcus kodakarensis. We then cloned and expressed it in Escherichia coli. The prolyl endoprotease was found to have a size of 70.1 kDa. The synthetic dipeptide Z-Gly-Pro-p-nitroanilide was used to characterise the prolyl endoprotease and it had maximum activity at pH 7 and 77°C. The VmaxKm and kcat values of the purified prolyl endoprotease were calculated to be 3.14 mM/s, 1.10 mM and 54 s–1 respectively. When the immunogenic gluten peptides PQPQLPYPQPQLPY (alpha-gliadin) and SQQQFPQPQQPFPQQP (gamma-hordein) were used as substrates, the prolyl endoprotease was able to degrade these. Furthermore, gluten in wort was reduced when the prolyl endoprotease was used during mashing of barley malt. The discoveries open up for new food processing possibilities and further the understanding of proline specific protease diversity.
The first three waves of the Covid-19 pandemic hint at a limited genetic repertoire for SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Wassenaar Trudy M , Wanchai Visanu , Buzard Gregory , Ussery David W 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The genomic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 is the result of a relatively low level of spontaneous mutations introduced during viral replication. With millions of SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences now available, we can begin to assess the overall genetic repertoire of this virus. We find that during 2020, there was a global wave of one variant that went largely unnoticed, possibly because its members were divided over several sublineages (B.1.177 and sublineages B.1.177.XX). We collectively call this Janus, and it was eventually replaced by the Alpha (B.1.1.7) variant of concern (VoC), next replaced by Delta (B.1.617.2), which itself might soon be replaced by a fourth pandemic wave consisting of Omicron (B.1.1.529). We observe that splitting up and redefining variant lineages over time, as was the case with Janus and is now happening with Alpha, Delta and Omicron, is not helpful to describe the epidemic waves spreading globally. Only ∼5% of the 30 000 nucleotides of the SARS-CoV-2 genome are found to be variable. We conclude that a fourth wave of the pandemic with the Omicron variant might not be that different from other VoCs, and that we may already have the tools in hand to effectively deal with this new VoC.
Simultaneous dissection of grain carotenoid levels and kernel color in biparental maize populations with yellow-to-orange grain
Authors: LaPorte Mary-Francis , Vachev Mishi , Fenn Matthew , Diepenbrock Christine 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Maize enriched in provitamin A carotenoids could be key in combatting vitamin A deficiency in human populations relying on maize as a food staple. Consumer studies indicate that orange maize may be regarded as novel and preferred. This study identifies genes of relevance for grain carotenoid concentrations and kernel color, through simultaneous dissection of these traits in 10 families of the US maize nested association mapping panel that have yellow to orange grain. Quantitative trait loci were identified via joint-linkage analysis, with phenotypic variation explained for individual kernel color quantitative trait loci ranging from 2.4% to 17.5%. These quantitative trait loci were cross-analyzed with significant marker-trait associations in a genome-wide association study that utilized ∼27 million variants. Nine genes were identified: four encoding activities upstream of the core carotenoid pathway, one at the pathway branchpoint, three within the α- or β-pathway branches, and one encoding a carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase. Of these, three exhibited significant pleiotropy between kernel color and one or more carotenoid traits. Kernel color exhibited moderate positive correlations with β-branch and total carotenoids and negligible correlations with α-branch carotenoids. These findings can be leveraged to simultaneously achieve desirable kernel color phenotypes and increase concentrations of provitamin A and other priority carotenoids.
The role of the epidermis enhancer element in positive and negative transcriptional regulation of ebony in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Akiyama Noriyoshi , Sato Shoma , Tanaka Kentaro M , Sakai Takaomi , Takahashi Aya 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The spatiotemporal regulation of gene expression is essential to ensure robust phenotypic outcomes. Pigmentation patterns in Drosophila are determined by pigments biosynthesized in the developing epidermis and the cis-regulatory elements of the genes involved in this process are well-characterized. Here, we report that the known primary epidermal enhancer is dispensable for the transcriptional activation of ebony (involved in light-colored pigment synthesis) in the developing epidermis of Drosophila melanogaster. The evidence was obtained by introducing an approximately 1 kbp deletion at the primary epidermal enhancer by genome editing. The effect of the primary epidermal enhancer deletion on pigmentation and on the endogenous expression pattern of a mCherry-fused ebony allele was examined in the abdomen. The expression levels of the mCherry-fused ebony in the primary epidermal enhancer-deleted strains were slightly higher than that of the control strain, indicating that the sequences outside the primary epidermal enhancer have an ability to drive an expression of this gene in the epidermis. Interestingly, the primary epidermal enhancer deletion resulted in a derepression of this gene in the dorsal midline of the abdominal tergites, where dark pigmentation is present in the wild-type individuals. This indicated that the primary epidermal enhancer fragment contains a silencer. Furthermore, the endogenous expression pattern of ebony in the 2 additional strains with partially deleted primary epidermal enhancer revealed that the silencer resides within a 351-bp fragment in the 5' portion of the primary epidermal enhancer. These results demonstrated that deletion assays combined with reporter assays are highly effective in detecting the presence of positively and negatively regulating sequences within and outside the focal cis-regulatory elements.
Citation needed? Wikipedia bibliometrics during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Benjakob Omer , Aviram Rona , Sobel Jonathan Aryeh 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
With the COVID-19 pandemic’s outbreak, millions flocked to Wikipedia for updated information. Amid growing concerns regarding an “infodemic,” ensuring the quality of information is a crucial vector of public health. Investigating whether and how Wikipedia remained up to date and in line with science is key to formulating strategies to counter misinformation. Using citation analyses, we asked which sources informed Wikipedia’s COVID-19–related articles before and during the pandemic’s first wave (January–May 2020).

Results
We found that coronavirus-related articles referenced trusted media outlets and high-quality academic sources. Regarding academic sources, Wikipedia was found to be highly selective in terms of what science was cited. Moreover, despite a surge in COVID-19 preprints, Wikipedia had a clear preference for open-access studies published in respected journals and made little use of preprints. Building a timeline of English-language COVID-19 articles from 2001–2020 revealed a nuanced trade-off between quality and timeliness. It further showed how pre-existing articles on key topics related to the virus created a framework for integrating new knowledge. Supported by a rigid sourcing policy, this “scientific infrastructure” facilitated contextualization and regulated the influx of new information. Last, we constructed a network of DOI-Wikipedia articles, which showed the landscape of pandemic-related knowledge on Wikipedia and how academic citations create a web of shared knowledge supporting topics like COVID-19 drug development.

Conclusions
Understanding how scientific research interacts with the digital knowledge-sphere during the pandemic provides insight into how Wikipedia can facilitate access to science. It also reveals how, aided by what we term its “citizen encyclopedists,” it successfully fended off COVID-19 disinformation and how this unique model may be deployed in other contexts.
Improved chromosome-level genome assembly of the Glanville fritillary butterfly (Melitaea cinxia) integrating Pacific Biosciences long reads and a high-density linkage map
Authors: Smolander Olli-Pekka , Blande Daniel , Ahola Virpi , Rastas Pasi , Tanskanen Jaakko , Kammonen Juhana I , Oostra Vicencio , Pellegrini Lorenzo , Ikonen Suvi , Dallas Tad , DiLeo Michelle F , Duplouy Anne , Duru Ilhan Cem , Halimaa Pauliina , Kahilainen Aapo , Kuwar Suyog S , Kärenlampi Sirpa O , Lafuente Elvira , Luo Shiqi , Makkonen Jenny , Nair Abhilash , de la Paz Celorio-Mancera Maria , Pennanen Ville , Ruokolainen Annukka , Sundell Tarja , Tervahauta Arja I , Twort Victoria , van Bergen Erik , Österman-Udd Janina , Paulin Lars , Frilander Mikko J , Auvinen Petri , Saastamoinen Marjo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
The Glanville fritillary (Melitaea cinxia) butterfly is a model system for metapopulation dynamics research in fragmented landscapes. Here, we provide a chromosome-level assembly of the butterfly's genome produced from Pacific Biosciences sequencing of a pool of males, combined with a linkage map from population crosses.

Results
The final assembly size of 484 Mb is an increase of 94 Mb on the previously published genome. Estimation of the completeness of the genome with BUSCO indicates that the genome contains 92–94% of the BUSCO genes in complete and single copies. We predicted 14,810 genes using the MAKER pipeline and manually curated 1,232 of these gene models.

Conclusions
The genome and its annotated gene models are a valuable resource for future comparative genomics, molecular biology, transcriptome, and genetics studies on this species.
Delayed Hopf Bifurcation and Space–Time Buffer Curves in the Complex Ginzburg–Landau Equation
Authors: Goh Ryan , Kaper Tasso J , Vo Theodore 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this article, the recently discovered phenomenon of delayed Hopf bifurcations (DHB) in reaction–diffusion partial differential equations (PDEs) is analysed in the cubic Complex Ginzburg–Landau equation, as an equation in its own right, with a slowly varying parameter. We begin by using the classical asymptotic methods of stationary phase and steepest descents on the linearized PDE to show that solutions, which have approached the attracting quasi-steady state (QSS) before the Hopf bifurcation remain near that state for long times after the instantaneous Hopf bifurcation and the QSS has become repelling. In the complex time plane, the phase function of the linearized PDE has a saddle point, and the Stokes and anti-Stokes lines are central to the asymptotics. The non-linear terms are treated by applying an iterative method to the mild form of the PDE given by perturbations about the linear particular solution. This tracks the closeness of solutions near the attracting and repelling QSS in the full, non-linear PDE. Next, we show that beyond a key Stokes line through the saddle there is a curve in the space-time plane along which the particular solution of the linear PDE ceases to be exponentially small, causing the solution of the non-linear PDE to diverge from the repelling QSS and exhibit large-amplitude oscillations. This curve is called the space–time buffer curve. The homogeneous solution also stops being exponentially small in a spatially dependent manner, as determined also by the initial data and time. Hence, a competition arises between these two solutions, as to which one ceases to be exponentially small first, and this competition governs spatial dependence of the DHB. We find four different cases of DHB, depending on the outcomes of the competition, and we quantify to leading order how these depend on the main system parameters, including the Hopf frequency, initial time, initial data, source terms, and diffusivity. Examples are presented for each case, with source terms that are a uni-modal function, a smooth step function, a spatially periodic function and an algebraically growing function. Also, rich spatio-temporal dynamics are observed in the post-DHB oscillations. Finally, it is shown that large-amplitude source terms can be designed so that solutions spend substantially longer times near the repelling QSS, and hence, region-specific control over the delayed onset of oscillations can be achieved.
Exploring the relation between clinician ratings and patient-reported experience and outcomes
Authors: Mendlovic Shlomo , Roe David , Markusfeld Geffen , Mainz Jan , Kristensen Solvejg , Goldzweig Gil 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and patient-reported experience measures (PREMs) are increasingly recognized as important ways for patients to be more actively involved in their treatment and enhance shared decision-making.

Objective
The current study investigated the associations between PROMs, PREMs and various symptoms measures reported by clinicians and psychiatric patients.

Method
One hundred and twenty people admitted to a psychiatric hospital completed two PREMs, one PROM (the shortened version of the Manchester Short Assessment of Quality of Life scale) and Effects of Symptoms on Daily Functioning (the Sheehan Disability Scale), the Patient Clinical Global Impression and the Modified Colorado Symptom Index. Their psychiatrists rated them using the Global Assessment of Functioning scale, the Health of the Nation Outcome Scales and the Therapist Clinical Global Impression.

Results
There was a strong correlation between patient’s evaluation of their quality of life (PROM), experience of their care (PREM) and the overall severity of their condition and their progress. The pattern of correlation between patients’ and clinicians’ measures revealed a three-layer structure representing a continuum from inner experience to external presentation of experiences.

Conclusion
Together these findings help identify and emphasize various domains of subjective experiences and their relation to external ratings.
Relationship Building as a Strategy for Managing Referring Clinicians
Authors: Marshall Holly , Mehta Lina , Plecha Donna 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The strength of a radiology practice depends on the strong relationships radiologists develop with referring clinicians. Solid relationships with referring clinicians can contribute to a satisfying work environment, and ultimately excellent patient care. There are several different ways that a radiologist can help improve relationships with clinicians. As a start, this includes a radiologist strengthening one’s emotional intelligence. Also, identifying the personality traits of others is key to successful interactions. Conflicts in the workplace are inevitable, and effective negotiation is helpful in building relationships with clinicians. Interacting with the referring clinicians is also key to a successful relationship. This includes all in-person communication, participating in tumor boards, community outreach events, and social functions outside of work. This article presents several tips to improve and manage relationships with referring clinicians.
The National Environmental Policy Act and the USDA Forest Service: Where We Agree, Where We Disagree, and Why
Authors: Fleischman Forrest , Struthers Cory , Arnold Gwen , Dockry Michael J , Scott Tyler 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this article, we respond to a critique of our earlier work examining the USDA Forest Service’s (USFS’s) planning processes. We appreciate that our critics introduce new data to the discussion of USFS planning. Further data integration is a promising path to developing a deeper understanding of agency activities. Our critics’ analysis largely supports our original claims. Our most important difference is in our conceptualization of the planning process’s relationship to agency goals. Although our critics conceive of the USFS’s legally prescribed planning processes as a barrier to land management activities, we believe that public comment periods, scientific analysis, and land management activities are tools the agency uses to achieve its goals of managing land in the public interest.Study Implications: The USDA Forest Service’s current planning process has been critiqued as a barrier to accomplishing land management activities, but it is also an important tool for insuring science-based management and understanding public values and interests that the agency is legally bound to uphold.
MPK3 and MPK6 control salicylic acid signaling by up-regulatingNLRreceptors during pattern- and effector-triggered immunity
Authors: Lang Julien , Genot Baptiste , Bigeard Jean , Colcombet Jean 
Published: January 2022

AbstractArabidopsis thaliana mitogen-activated protein kinases 3 and 6 (MPK3/6) are activated transiently during pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and durably during effector-triggered immunity (ETI). The functional differences between these two kinds of activation kinetics and how they coordinate the two layers of plant immunity remain poorly understood. Here, by suppressor analyses, we demonstrate that ETI-mediating nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs) and the NLR signaling components NDR1 and EDS1 can promote the salicylic acid sector of defense downstream of MPK3 activity. Moreover, we provide evidence that both sustained and transient MPK3/6 activities positively control the expression of several NLR genes, including AT3G04220 and AT4G11170. We further show that NDR1 and EDS1 contribute to the up-regulation of these two NLRs in both an ETI and a PTI context. Remarkably, whereas in ETI MPK3/6 activities are dependent on NDR1 and EDS1, they are not in PTI, suggesting crucial differences in the two signaling pathways. Finally, we demonstrate that expression of the NLR AT3G04220 is sufficient to induce expression of defense genes from the salicylic acid branch. Overall, this study expands our knowledge of MPK3/6 functions during immunity and provides new insights into the intricate interplay of PTI and ETI.