bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deregulation of complement components C4A and CSMD1 peripheral expression in first-episode psychosis and links to cognitive ability
Authors: Hatzimanolis Alex , Foteli Stefania , Stefanatou Pentagiotissa , Ntigrintaki Angeliki-Aikaterini , Ralli Irene , Kollias Konstantinos , Nikolaou Chrysoula , Gazouli Maria , Stefanis Nikos C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractUp-regulation of the complement component 4A (C4A) in the brain has been associated with excessive synaptic pruning and increased schizophrenia (SZ) susceptibility. Over-expression of C4A has been observed in SZ postmortem brain tissue, and the gene encoding for a protein inhibitor of C4A activity, CUB and Sushi multiple domains 1 (CSMD1) gene, has been implicated in SZ risk and cognitive ability. Herein, we examined C4A and CSMD1 mRNA expression in peripheral blood from antipsychotic-naive individuals with first-episode psychosis (FEP; n = 73) and mentally healthy volunteers (n = 48). Imputed C4 locus structural alleles and C4A serum protein levels were investigated. Associations with symptom severity and cognitive domains performance were explored. A significant decrease in CSMD1 expression levels was noted among FEP patients compared to healthy volunteers, further indicating a positive correlation between C4A and CSMD1 mRNA levels in healthy volunteers but not in FEP cases. In addition, C4 copy number variants previously associated with SZ risk correlated with higher C4A mRNA levels in FEP cases, which confirms the regulatory effect of C4 structural variants on gene expression. Evidence also emerged for markedly elevated C4A serum concentrations in FEP cases. Within the FEP patient group, higher C4A mRNA levels correlated with more severe general psychopathology symptoms and lower CSMD1 mRNA levels predicted worse working memory performance. Overall, these findings suggest C4A complement pathway perturbations in individuals with FEP and corroborate the involvement of CSMD1 in prefrontal-mediated cognitive functioning.
Age-specific effects of childhood body mass index on multiple sclerosis risk
Authors: Hone Luke , Jacobs Benjamin M. , Marshall Charles , Giovannoni Gavin , Noyce Alastair , Dobson Ruth 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective
Higher body mass index (BMI) during early life is thought to be a causal risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS). We used longitudinal Mendelian randomisation (MR) to determine whether there is a critical window during which BMI influences MS risk.

Methods
Summary statistics for childhood BMI (n ~ 28,000 children) and for MS susceptibility were obtained from recent large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) (n = 14,802 MS, 26,703 controls). We generated exposure instruments for BMI during four non-overlapping age epochs (< 3 months, 3 months–1.5 years, 2–5 years, and 7–8 years) and performed MR using the inverse variance weighted method with standard sensitivity analyses. Multivariable MR was used to account for effects mediated via later-life BMI.

Results
For all age epochs other than birth, genetically determined higher BMI was associated with an increased liability to MS: Birth [Odds Ratio (OR) 0.81, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.50–1.31, Number of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms (NSNPs) = 7, p = 0.39], Infancy (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.04–1.33, NSNPs = 18, p = 0.01), Early childhood (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.03–1.66, NSNPs = 4, p = 0.03), Later childhood (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.08–1.66, NSNPs = 4, p = 0.01). Multivariable MR suggested that these effects may be mediated by effects on adult BMI.

Conclusion
We provide evidence using MR that genetically determined higher BMI during early life is associated with increased MS risk. This effect may be driven by shared genetic architecture with later-life BMI.
Prospective clinical study for claudication after endovascular aneurysm repair involving hypogastric artery embolization
Authors: Suzuki Shunya , Akamatsu Daijirou , Goto Hitoshi , Kakihana Takaaki , Sugawara Hirofumi , Tsuchida Ken , Yoshida Yoshitaro , Umetsu Michihisa , Kamei Takashi , Unno Michiaki 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This prospective study aimed to assess the prognosis of claudication after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) involving hypogastric artery (HGA) embolization.

Methods
Patients who were scheduled to undergo EVAR involving bilateral or unilateral HGA embolization (BHE or UHE, respectively) between May 2017 and January 2019 were included in this study. Patients underwent the walk test preoperatively, one week postoperatively, and monthly thereafter for six months. The presence of claudication and the maximum walking distance (MWD) were recorded. A near-infrared spectroscopy monitor was placed on the buttocks, and the recovery time (RT) was determined. A walking impairment questionnaire (WIQ) was completed to determine subjective symptoms.

Results
Of the 13 patients who completed the protocol, 12 experienced claudication in the 6-min walk test. The MWD was significantly lower at one week postoperatively than preoperatively. The claudication prevalence was significantly higher at five and six months postoperatively after BHE than after UHE. BHE was associated with longer RTs and lower WIQ scores than UHE.

Conclusions
We noted a trend in adverse effects on the gluteal circulation and subjective symptoms ameliorating within six months postoperatively, with more effects being associated with BHE than with UHE. These findings should be used to make decisions concerning management strategies for HGA reconstruction.
Bearing witness through pandemic borders and film: convergent media, mobility and Windrush Betrayal
Authors: Mains Susan P. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper examines the role of convergent media and the film, Windrush Betrayal (2020), in representing and challenging borders, mobilities and UK government immigration policies. Print and digital news provide important contexts for exploring media geographies of current events. Documentary film is also a provocative medium for investigative analyses that go beyond more general headline reporting. This study seeks to expand on earlier studies by examining how complementary mediums such as digital news media and film can respond to each other and become part of dynamic transnational conversations around place and identity. Media formats have been pushed to incorporate new settings and styles as Covid-19 restrictions have been implemented and alternative approaches utilised in media production. Adopting innovative techniques for filming in response to pandemic restrictions, Windrush Betrayal illustrates the ongoing impacts of immigration policies on Caribbean Diaspora populations in the UK. This paper provides a timely opportunity to tease out the ways in which changes in government immigration policies, media work practices and the production of migration narratives can highlight hidden geographical stories and marginalised voices.
Towards a multimethod approach for film geography: a case study of Los Angeles’ Nate Starkman Building
Authors: Zschocke Julian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper introduces a multi-method approach for Film Geography that intertwines spatial analysis, cartography, textual analysis, discourse analysis, field research, and expert interviews. Historically, film studies has focused on textual analysis whereas geography has emphasized the material aspect of space through field research. However, if cinema is a double ontology of image and industry film geographers must engage with both to make a meaningful contribution to the complex interwoven discourses on cinematic space. This case study focuses on the Nate Starkman Building, a frequently filmed warehouse located in the Arts District of Los Angeles, California. This case study acts as an example of how a multi-method approach can be applied to on-location filming. I demonstrate how the methods can be combined to contextualize and pinpoint previously invisible interactions between the on-screen appearance and the cultural politics of film production and placemaking. I argue that film-geographic analysis allows for a more in-depth look into the Hollywood-machinery that has led to these unique socio-economic structures.
Antisemitismus seit 9/11: Erscheinungsformen, Hintergründe, Dynamiken
Authors: Salzborn Samuel 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag analysiert die Entwicklung des Antisemitismus seit den Terroranschlägen von 9/11 und ordnet die
Entwicklung in ihre historischen Entstehungszusammenhänge ein.
Intensivierung, Privatisierung, Relativierung: Muster religiösen Wandels bei Geflüchteten
Authors: Nagel Alexander-Kenneth 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungIn der Migrationsforschung wird Religion, soweit sie überhaupt in den Blick kommt, häufig unter dem Blickwinkel von Intensivierung oder Radikalisierung betrachtet. Andere Optionen religiösen Wandels wie die Abkehr von religiösen Prägungen oder die Verlagerung religiöser Praxis ins Private wurden hingegen bislang kaum systematisch erschlossen. Vor dem Hintergrund bestehender Forschung zu Migration, religiöser Transformation und Konfessionslosigkeit rückt der Beitrag Privatisierung und Relativierung als gleichrangige Varianten religiöser Veränderung in der Diaspora in den Fokus. Anhand einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse von 102 Interviews mit Geflüchteten unterschiedlicher Religionszugehörigkeit und Herkunft werden verschiedene Aspekte und Mechanismen der drei Grundmuster religiösen Wandels (Intensivierung, Privatisierung und Relativierung) aufgezeigt. Dabei wird deutlich, dass „erfahrene“ religiöse Minderheiten wie Yezid:innen angesichts der neu gewonnenen Religionsfreiheit zu einer nachholenden Intensivierung neigen, während Muslim:innen angesichts islamfeindlicher Stimmungen zu religiöser Privatisierung tendieren. Zugleich zeichnet sich ab, dass Frauen und jüngere Menschen eher zu religiöser Relativierung neigen. Insgesamt wird deutlich, dass viele Geflüchtete sich eine intensivere religiöse Betätigung zwar wünschen, aber durch logistische Herausforderungen (Mangel an muttersprachlichen Gemeinden, Herausforderungen des Alltags) davon abgehalten werden.
nSARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Pandemic: From Emergence to Vaccination
Authors: Shahid Imran 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSince its first emergence in Wuhan, China, the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (nSARS-CoV-2)-associated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has alarmingly disrupted the world’s healthcare systems and evolved as a major public health threat around the globe. Despite the advent and emergency use listing (EUL) of mRNA- and adenovirus-based vaccines to prevent the further transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection, the pandemic burden is still significant worldwide as new cases are being reported daily. It is the first time in vaccine history that vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 have been rapidly designed, developed, and clinically evaluated and surprisingly, they have worked better than clinical trial data predicted. However, this EUL of vaccines prior to full approvals stems from the perception of inadequate testing and experience with benefit–risk balance. Similarly, the emergence of superspreader SARS-CoV-2 mutant virus strains at the end of 2020 has also raised concerns about the efficacies of approved vaccines in real-world clinical scenarios. The inconclusive, murky, and anecdotal reports about vaccine hesitancy, antibody-dependent enhancement of disease risk in vaccine injectors, and certain severe adverse events have also frightened a large segment of the world’s population, preventing them from receiving the vaccine. This review presents an overview of the remarkable efforts rendered by different vaccine producers to combat the pandemic, explains the challenges of vaccine safety and efficacies against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, and explores their potential roles in eradicating the COVID-19 pandemic.
077 Gynecologic Cancer not a Negative Predictor of Seeking-Help Motivation for Female Sexual Dysfunction: Structural Equation Modeling
Authors: Tao RR , Chou YJ 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Few large-scale studies have focused on the effect of gynecologic cancer compared with other biopsychosocial factors on willingness to seek treatment among women with sexual dysfunction.

Objective
To identify predictors of the intention to treat female sexual dysfunction (FSD) among sociodemographic factors, physiologic factors, psychologic factors, gynecologic cancer, and health belief model (HBM).

Methods
This study was a cross-sectional, hospital-based survey conducted from October 2013 to September 2019. Participants included healthy women and gynecologic cancer survivors who were aged 20 years or older and had been in a monogamous relationship for at least 12 months. They were enrolled in the gynecologic departments in southern Taiwan. Those who met DSM-5 criteria of sexual dysfunction were analyzed with Structural equation modeling.

Results
448 of 643 women met DSM-5 sexual dysfunction. The mean age was 42.0 years (range: 21.8 to 68.1 years). Fifty-eight percent of women reported sexual treatment intention. The model fit was good: χ2 = 367.42, P &lt; .001, χ2/df = 2.83, CFI = 0.933, TLI = 0.921, and RMSEA = 0.066 (95%CI: 0.058−0.074). Perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cue to action, self-efficacy and university education at least significantly predicted treatment intention. There were no significant differences in treatment intention regarding age and gynecologic cancer. Self-efficacy was the strongest predictor, which directly affected treatment intention (P = .001). Perceived severity was the second strongest predictor, mainly affecting treatment intention indirectly (P = .01). Perceived barriers was the third strongest predictor (P = .001), indirectly and negatively affected treatment intention.

Conclusions
Five out of six HBM factors and university education at least could significantly predict the intention to treat FSD. Gynecologic cancer was not a significant predictor.

Disclosure
Work supported by industry: no.
079 Pleasurable Ways To Spontaneously Expulse Distal Ureteral Stones: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Kloping YP , Hidayatullah F , Rahman ZA , Chung E , Hakim L 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Numerous non-invasive ways of managing distal ureteral stones have been recommended, such as administering treatments to inhibit receptors responsible for ureteral tone and peristaltic movement frequency. Nitric oxide, which is released during penile erection, causes smooth muscle relaxation by inhibiting the non-adrenergic non-cholinergic (NANC) nerves of the distal ureter and ureterovesical junction. Bladder neck contraction followed by relaxation, occurring during orgasm and ejaculation could also facilitate the passage of stones. However, the exact role of sexual activities involving these mechanisms has yet to be established.

Objective
This review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of sexual acts, including sexual intercourse and masturbation, to promote distal ureteral stones expulsion based on the findings of relevant randomized controlled trials (RCT)s.

Methods
A systematic search adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist was performed in the Embase, Scopus, and Medline databases in July 2021. The initial search generated 50 articles. The articles were screened based on the eligibility criteria. Their quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias (RoB) tool 2 for randomized trials. Measured outcomes included stone expulsion rate, expulsion time, analgesic injections frequency, and the need for a ureteroscopic (URS) lithotripsy. A fixed effects model was used for analyzing parameters with homogeneity among studies, whereas a random effects model was used for heterogenous studies. The odds ratio (OR) and mean difference (MD) among studies were displayed in forest plots using the Review Manager software version 5.4.1.

Results
A total of five RCTs with an overall low risk of bias, consisting of 406 subjects, were included in this review. Four studies evaluated sexual intercourse and one study evaluated masturbation. Both interventions were instructed to be performed for three to four times a week. The stone expulsion rate was higher in the sexual activity group compared to the control group at the two-week follow-up (OR 5.77 95%CI 3.70 - 9.01, p&lt;0.00001) and four-week follow-up (OR 4.44 95%CI 2.73 - 7.23, p&lt;0.00001) with a significantly lower expulsion time of the sexual activity group (MD -3.79 95% CI -6.38 - -1.20, p=0.004). The number of subjects requiring additional analgesic injections (MD -0.62 95% CI -1.03 - -0.21, p=0.003) and URS lithotripsy (OR 0.22 95% CI 0.13 – 0.37, p&lt;0.00001) was also lower in the sexual activity group compared to the control group.

Conclusions
Performing sexual intercourse or masturbation for three to four times a week is beneficial for promoting spontaneous expulsion of distal ureteral stones. It could also reduce the use of analgesic injections and the need for a URS lithotripsy.
111 Primary Organic vs. Primary Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction: a Cross-Sectional Study on Patient's Characteristics and Sexual Function from a Tertiary Referral Center
Authors: Pozzi E , Fallara G , Candela L , Costa A , Boeri L , Capogrosso P , Schifano N , Cignoli D , Colandrea G , Raffo M , Cornelius J , Mattei A , Montorsi F , Salonia A 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is defined according to three different aetiological groups: organic, psychogenic and mixed. As most cases have mixed aetiology, EAU guidelines suggests using the terms "primary organic" or "primary psychogenic".

Objectives
We aimed to stratify a homogenous cohort of patients seeking medical help for ED for the first time according to the newly suggested classification, and to compare sexual function in the two groups.

Methods
Complete sociodemographic and clinical data from 2009 consecutive patients were analysed. All patients completed the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) at baseline. According to the presence of risk factors for ED (e.g., age≥ 40 yr, obesity, history of hypogonadism, hypertriglyceridemia and/or hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, cardio-vascular, peripheral vascular, neurological, chronic kidney and hepatic disease, diabetes type 1/2, COPD, hyperthyroidism, low D vitamin, use of recreational drugs, thiazides, b-blockers, antipsychotics, SSRIs and depression or anxiety under medical therapy), patients were categorised into primary organic (≥1 risk factor) or primary psychogenic (0 risk factors) ED. Linear regression analysis assessed the association between the number of risk factors and IIEF severity. Lastly, locally scatterplot smoothing (LOESS) method graphically explored the relationship between number of risk factors and IIEF.

Results
1836 (91.4%) were identified with primary organic ED whereas 173 (8.6%) with primary psychogenic ED. Median (IQR) age was 52 (42-61) vs. 30 (25-36) yr, respectively (p&lt;0.001). The most frequently reported risk factors were smoking (53%), high blood pressure (36%), BMI &gt; 30 (15%) and total testosterone &lt;3ng/mL (14%). Overall, 1387 patients (9.3%) had 1 risk factor, 480 (23.9%) 2, 384 (19.1%) 3 and 577 (28.72%) ≥4 risk factors. Overall, patients with primary organic ED had lower IIEF-SD (7 [6-9] vs. 7 [5-8]; p=0.0012) and -OF scores (9 [6-10] vs. 8 [5-10]; p=0.02). Conversely, IIEF-EF, -IS and -OS domain scores were similar between the two groups. At linear regression analysis, the increasing number of ED risk factors was associated with worse IIEF-tot score (coef. -0.593 p=0.039), -EF (coef. -0.409; p=0.003), -SD (coef. -0.0.85, p=0.017) and -OF (coef. -0.203, p=0.001).

Conclusions
One out of ten patients suffer from primary psychogenic ED in the real-life settings. The increasing number of risk factors was linearly associated with lower IIEF scores at presentation.
117 Vulvar Pleasure in Chronic Vulvar Pain Conditions: Impacts on Pain-Related Anxiety, Pain Catastrophizing, and Sexual Function
Authors: Mautz T , Pukall C , Krapf J , Goldstein A 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Vulvar pain conditions are associated with pain-related anxiety and other psychosocial symptoms, which can have far-ranging effects on personal well-being and interpersonal relationships. Despite their pain, some vulvar pain patients are still capable of experiencing vulvar pleasure. The relationships between vulvar pain conditions and vulvar pleasure is not well explored in existing literature.

Objectives
To examine the frequencies with which vulvar pain patients experience vulvar pleasure, and to investigate whether the ability to experience vulvar pleasure in patients with vulvar pain conditions impacts pain-related anxiety (PRA), pain catastrophization (PC), and sexual functioning (SF).

Methods
A prospective online study was conducted of 262 patients presenting to two urban vulvovaginal specialty clinics over the course of six months. Patients presenting for initial evaluation completed validated questionnaires for PRA via the Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale-20 (PASS-20), PC via the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), and SF via the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), as well as a researcher-developed questionnaire evaluating vulvar pleasure.

Results
Of the 192 patients (mean age: 39, SD: 14, range: 16-78) who completed all questionnaires and had current vulvar pain, 93.2% had experienced vulvar pleasure at some point in their lives and 76.6% had experienced some vulvar pleasure since their vulvar pain began. Patients who were able to experience vulvar pleasure since their vulvar pain began scored lowest on every subscale of both the PASS-20 and PCS and highest on the total FSFI, compared to patients who had never experienced vulvar pleasure and to patients who had not experienced vulvar pleasure since their vulvar pain began. There were significant differences in cognitive pain-related anxiety (p = 0.02), in the helplessness component of pain catastrophizing (p = 0.04), and in overall female sexual functioning (p &lt; 0.00001) among the three groups.

Conclusions
The experience of vulvar pleasure in vulvar pain conditions is associated with lower PRA and PC, specifically in the domains of anxiety cognitions and helplessness, and higher SF overall. This was a novel study given its focus on vulvar pleasure in the context of patients with vulvar pain conditions. Clinicians should consider incorporating education and promotion of vulvar pleasure in vulvar pain treatment regimens.

Disclosure
Work supported by industry: no. A consultant, employee (part time or full time) or shareholder is among the authors (Dr. Goldstein is a consultant at Ipsen and a part-time employee at Daré Bioscience).