bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment needs of dementia with Lewy bodies according to patients, caregivers, and physicians: a cross-sectional, observational, questionnaire-based study in Japan
Authors: Hashimoto Mamoru , Manabe Yuta , Yamaguchi Takuhiro , Toya Shunji , Ikeda Manabu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Understanding the treatment needs of patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is essential to develop treatment strategies. We examined the treatment needs of patients with DLB and their caregivers and the extent to which the attending physicians understand these treatment needs.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional, observational study conducted using questionnaires for patients, caregivers, and physicians. The study participants included patients, their caregivers, and their attending physicians who were experts in DLB. Fifty-two symptoms that are frequent and clinically important in DLB were pre-selected and classified into seven symptom domains. Treatment needs of patients and caregivers were defined as “symptom that causes them most distress,” and the frequency of each answer was tabulated. To assess the physician’s understanding of the treatment needs of patients and caregivers, patient–physician and caregiver–physician concordance rates for each answer regarding treatment needs were calculated according to symptom domains.

Results
In total, 263 pairs of patients–caregivers and 38 physicians were surveyed. The mean age of patients was 79.3 years, and their mean total score on the Mini-Mental State Examination was 20.9. Thirty-five and 38 symptoms were selected as symptoms causing patients and caregivers most distress, respectively. Memory impairment was most frequently selected for the treatment needs of patients, followed by constipation and bradykinesia. Memory impairment was also most frequently selected by caregivers, followed by visual hallucinations. For the symptom domain that causes patients or caregivers most distress, only about half of the patient–physician pairs (46.9%) and caregiver–physician pairs (50.8%) were matched. Logistic regression analysis identified that concordance rates for treatment needs between patient–physician and caregiver–physician were lower when autonomic dysfunction and sleep-related disorders were selected as the symptom domains that cause most distress.

Conclusion
There was considerable variability in the treatment needs of patients with DLB and their caregivers. Attending physicians had difficulty understanding the top treatment needs of their patients and caregivers, despite their expertise in DLB, because of various clinical manifestations. Attending physicians should pay more attention to autonomic dysfunction and sleep-related disorders in the treatment of DLB.

Trial registration
UMIN Clinical Trials Registry, UMIN000041844. Registered on 23 September 2020
Radotinib attenuates TGFβ -mediated pulmonary fibrosis in vitro and in vivo: exploring the potential of drug repurposing
Authors: Baek Suji , Kwon Seung Hae , Jeon Joo Yeong , Lee Gong Yeal , Ju Hyun Soo , Yun Hyo Jung , Cho Dae Jin , Lee Kang Pa , Nam Myung Hee 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Tyrosine kinase (TK) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Here, we aimed to investigate whether radotinib (Rb) could inhibit pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting TK in vitro and in vivo.

Methods
The antifibrotic effects of Rb in transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)1-stimulated A549 cells were determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunocytochemistry assays. Rb inhibition of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats was determined by histopathological and​ immunohistochemical analyses. Rb-interfering metabolites were analyzed using LC-MS/MS.

Results
Rb concentrations of up to 1000 nM did not affect the viability of A549 cells, but Rb (30 nM) significantly reduced expression of TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL)-induced ECM factors, such as Snail, Twist, and F-actin. Rb also regulated TGF-β1-overexpressed signal cascades, such as fibronectin and α-smooth muscle actin. Furthermore, Rb attenuated the phosphorylation of Smad2 and phosphorylation of kinases, such as, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and protein kinase B. In the inhibitory test against bleomycin (5 mg/kg)-induced lung fibrosis, the Rb (30 mg/kg/daily)-treated group showed a half-pulmonary fibrosis region compared to the positive control group. In addition, Rb significantly reduced collagen type I and fibronectin expression in the bleomycin-induced fibrotic region of SD rats. Further, the identified metabolite pantothenic acid was not altered by Rb.

Conclusion
Taken together, these results indicate that Rb inhibits TGF-β1-induced pulmonary fibrosis both in vitro and in vivo. These findings suggest that Rb may be an effective treatment for pulmonary fibrosis-related disorders and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
One-touch calibration of hum-noise-based touch sensor for unknown users utilizing models trained by different users
Authors: Hsia Tzu-Hsuan , Okamoto Shogo , Akiyama Yasuhiro , Yamada Yoji 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHum-noise-based touch sensors (HumTouch) are capable of recognizing human touch on semiconductive materials using the current leaking from the finger to the surface. Thus far, calibration for these hum-noise-based touch sensors has been performed for individual users because of the individual differences in hum-driven electric currents in human bodies. However, for applications designed for unknown users, time-consuming calibration for individual users is not preferred, and a new user should be able to use the sensor immediately. For this purpose, we propose a new calibration method for HumTouch. In this method, learning datasets collected from multiple people and a few extra samples from a new user are collectively used to establish a touch localization estimator. The estimator is computed using the kernel regression method with weighted samples from the new user. For a 20 $$\times $$
×
18 cm$$^2$$

2

paper, the mean localization error is reduced from 1.24 cm to 0.90 cm with only one sample from the new user. Hence, a new user can establish a semipersonalized localization estimator by touching only one point on the surface. This method improves the localization performance of HumTouch sensors in an easy-to-access manner.
Association of the magnitude of the difference in blood pressure between office and ambulatory measurements with blood pressure variability in untreated individuals
Authors: Lee Yea Je , Rhee Moo-Yong , Kim Je Sang , Do Ungjeong , Kim Ji-Hyun , Kim Byong-Kyu , Kim Hae-Young 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objectives
We evaluated the association between cardiovascular risk factors and the magnitude of the difference in systolic blood pressure (SBP) between office and ambulatory measurements (masked effect) in untreated individuals without apparent hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD).

Methods
The inclusion criteria were 1) age ≥ 20 years, 2) blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg at the outpatient clinic, and 3) not receiving antihypertensive medications. The difference between office and ambulatory SBP was calculated by subtracting the ambulatory daytime SBP from the office SBP. The association between the masked effect and SBP variability was analyzed in individuals without HMOD (no electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy, spot urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio < 30 mg/g, and estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2, n = 296).

Results
Among the cardiovascular risk factors, ambulatory BP variability was significantly correlated with the SBP difference. The standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (cv) of 24-h SBP exhibited a significant negative linear association with the SBP difference in univariate and multivariate analyses adjusted for age, sex, presence of diabetes, and 24-h ambulatory SBP. A significant association was observed in patients with ambulatory daytime hypertension. In the multivariate analysis, individuals with a negative SBP difference > -5 mmHg exhibited a higher SD and cv of 24-h SBP than those with a negative SBP difference ≤ -5 mmHg or a positive SBP difference.

Conclusions
The results of our study suggest that the magnitude of the negative difference in office and ambulatory SBP may be a potential risk factor, even in individuals without apparent HMOD.

Trial registration
This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03855605).
Economic evaluation: a reader’s guide to studies of cost-effectiveness
Authors: Abbott J. Haxby , Wilson Ross , Pryymachenko Yana , Sharma Saurab , Pathak Anupa , Chua Jason Y. Y. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundUnderstanding what an economic evaluation is, how to interpret it, and what it means for making choices in a health delivery context is necessary to contribute to decisions about healthcare resource allocation. The aim of this paper to demystify the working parts of a health economic evaluation, and explain to clinicians and clinical researchers how to read and interpret cost-effectiveness research.Main bodyThis primer distils key content and constructs of economic evaluation studies, and explains health economic evaluation in plain language. We use the PICOT (participant, intervention, comparison, outcome, timeframe) clinical trial framework familiar to clinicians, clinical decision-makers, and clinical researchers, who may be unfamiliar with economics, as an aide to reading and interpreting cost-effectiveness research. We provide examples, primarily of physiotherapy interventions for osteoarthritis.ConclusionsEconomic evaluation studies are essential to improve decisions about allocating resources, whether those resources be your time, the capacity of your service, or the available funding across the entire healthcare system. The PICOT framework can be used to understand and interpret cost-effectiveness research.
Absence of proximal muscle weakness, dysarthria, and facial diplegia suggests Guillain–Barre syndrome rather than CIDP
Authors: Finsterer Josef 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe aim of this letter to the editor is to discuss the etiology and pathophysiology of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) in two patients, of whom one experienced a mildly symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection 2 months prior to onset of the CIDP (patient-1), whereas patient-2 developed CIDP with bilateral facial palsy 19 days after receiving a shot of an RNA-based anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Causality between the SARS-CoV-2 infection and CIDP in patient-1 remains unsupported and the diagnosis CIDP in patient-2 remains questionable. Although delineation between CIDP and GBS is not clear cut, bilateral facial palsy and absence of proximal involvement suggest GBS rather than CIDP.
Giant foreign body granuloma after endoscopic management of vesicoureteric reflux: a case report
Authors: Davera Saket , Dhua Anjan , Agarwal Shipra , Sulaiman Mohamed 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Deflux®, a dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer, is extensively used as an endoscopic bulking agent for management of vesicoureteric reflux (VUR). The complications following Deflux® treatment as described in the literature are clinically insignificant transient obstruction and infections of the urinary tract. We report a rare case of a giant Deflux® granuloma presenting as an intraoperative surprise while undergoing open ureteric reimplantation for the failure of prior endoscopic management.

Case presentation
A 2.5-year-old boy with a primary VUR needed Anderson Hyne’s pyeloplasty of the affected side for concomitant pelviureteric junction obstruction. During removal of the double “J “stent in the postoperative period, subureteric Deflux® was injected, hoping that a more invasive procedure could be avoided. At a later date, as VUR persisted, an open ureteric reimplantation, was performed. Intraoperatively, a large Deflux® granuloma was noted at the site of previously injected site.

Conclusions
Giant Deflux® granuloma is a rare complication of this modality of VUR management. A focussed radiological assessment in such pateints during follow-up is required, especially those planned for surgical intervention in the vesicoureteric region later.
Retrovesical cysts in boys—case series and literature review
Authors: Pakkasjärvi Niklas , Mönttinen Tiia , Hokkinen Lasse , Mäkelä Eija , Taskinen Seppo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Retrovesical cysts present with varying etiologies. We initiated this study to provide insights into retrovesical cysts in boys through a case series and systematic literature review and to aid in treatment alternatives.

Materials and methods
Case series of seven patients from the in-hospital register with a systematic literature review on retrovesical cysts in children.

Results
We identified seven patients from the in-hospital register during 2005–2020 and eighty-two patients from the literature review. The literature review showed that children’s retrovesical cysts are mainly asymptomatic before puberty. Those detected earlier in childhood present mostly with renal abnormalities. In our series, retrovesical cysts derived from three distinct etiologies with different treatment modalities. Asymptomatic cysts do not need excision and are to be followed up through puberty, but in the case of an ectopic ureter, nephroureterectomy is optional. Symptomatic retrovesical cysts may demand surgical excision. Ultrasonography is usually sufficient for diagnosis, but MRI provides better anatomical delineation and aids in surgical planning.

Conclusions
Retrovesical cysts in boys are benign conditions associated with abnormal development of the ureter and kidney. Ultrasonography is sufficient for diagnosis, with MRI giving further detail for surgical planning. Treatment consists of cyst excision, heminephrectomy/nephrectomy, transurethral canalization, or excision of prostatic utricle, depending on etiology. Asymptomatic cases are to be followed up through puberty, but in cases of an ectopic ureter, nephroureterectomy is preferred.
Adjuvant Exemestane With Ovarian Suppression in Premenopausal Breast Cancer: Long-Term Follow-Up of the Combined TEXT and SOFT Trials
Authors: Pagani Olivia , Walley Barbara A. , Fleming Gini F. , Colleoni Marco , Láng István , Gomez Henry L. , Tondini Carlo , Burstein Harold J. , Goetz Matthew P. , Ciruelos Eva M. , Stearns Vered , Bonnefoi Hervé R. , Martino Silvana , Geyer Charles E. , Chini Claudio , Puglisi Fabio , Spazzapan Simon , Ruhstaller Thomas , Winer Eric P. , Ruepp Barbara , Loi Sherene , Coates Alan S. , Gelber Richard D. , Goldhirsch Aron , Regan Meredith M. , Francis Prudence A. ,   for the SOFT and TEXT Investigators and the International Breast Cancer Study Group (a division of ETOP IBCSG Partners Foundation)
Published: December 2022

Clinical trials frequently include multiple end points that mature at different times. The initial report, typically based on the primary end point, may be published when key planned co-primary or secondary analyses are not yet available. Clinical Trial Updates provide an opportunity to disseminate additional results from studies, published in JCO or elsewhere, for which the primary end point has already been reported. The combined analysis of SOFT-TEXT compared outcomes in 4,690 premenopausal women with estrogen/progesterone receptor–positive (ER/PgR+) early breast cancer randomly assigned to 5 years of exemestane + ovarian function suppression (OFS) versus tamoxifen + OFS. After a median follow-up of 9 years, exemestane + OFS significantly improved disease-free survival (DFS) and distant recurrence-free interval (DRFI), but not overall survival, compared with tamoxifen + OFS. We now report DFS, DRFI, and overall survival after a median follow-up of 13 years. In the intention-to-treat (ITT) population, the 12-year DFS (4.6% absolute improvement, hazard ratio [HR], 0.79; 95% CI, 0.70 to 0.90; P < .001) and DRFI (1.8% absolute improvement, HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.70 to 0.98; P = .03), but not overall survival (90.1% v 89.1%, HR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.78 to 1.11), continued to be significantly improved for patients assigned exemestane + OFS over tamoxifen + OFS. Among patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative tumors (86.0% of the ITT population), the absolute improvement in 12-year overall survival with exemestane + OFS was 2.0% (HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.70 to 1.04) and 3.3% in those who received chemotherapy (45.9% of the ITT population). Overall survival benefit was clinically significant in high-risk patients, eg, women age < 35 years (4.0%) and those with > 2 cm (4.5%) or grade 3 tumors (5.5%). These sustained reductions of the risk of recurrence with adjuvant exemestane + OFS, compared with tamoxifen + OFS, provide guidance for selecting patients for whom exemestane should be preferred over tamoxifen in the setting of OFS. [Media: see text]
The Possibility of Progress: An Interview with Bruce Robbins
Authors: Fitzgerald Jason , Robbins Bruce 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this wide-ranging interview, Bruce Robbins reflects on themes that have long been at the center of his work, including cosmopolitanism, the political functions of literature and of literary criticism, narratives, progress, feelings, morals, class politics in general and “middle-class politics” in particular, solidarity, anti-statism, how to measure a scholarly career, and more.
Edmund Burke and Hannah Arendt: Decolonization, Resentment, and the Social Question
Authors: Agnani Sunil 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHannah Arendt's work On Revolution brings into contact two temporalities: the decade of its composition (the 1960s), alongside its understanding of revolution in conjunction with “Enlightenment.” A reader of Edmund Burke who turns to this work will be startled at the degree to which he plays a central role. His ideas and even his temperament seem to guide her profound praise for “the men who made the American Revolution” alongside her shock centered around Robespierre but mingled with her discussion of Rousseau and the French Revolution. This connection between Burke and Arendt is worth tracing because it allows readers to understand her response to the post-WWII age, which witnessed the emergence of manifold diverse “revolutions” in the social and political realm brought by decolonization, both in the European and non-European (i.e., Asian, African, postcolonial) contexts. It also allows readers to question Arendt's view of the role that suffering and poverty ought to play in moments of revolution and to scrutinize her thesis that wherever a solution to the “social” question was sought by “political” means it has led to terror and violence, with the notion of resentment playing a crucial role.
Chronic Encapsulated Expanding Hematomas After Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations: An International Multicenter Case Series
Authors: Abou-Al-Shaar Hussam , Patel Aneek , Mallela Arka N. , Bin-Alamer Othman , Niranjan Ajay , Peker Selcuk , Samanci Yavuz , Liscak Roman , May Jaromir , Kumar Jeyan Sathia , Sheehan Jason P. , Lunsford L. Dade 
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND:
Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) offers a minimally invasive treatment modality for appropriately selected intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). Recent reports have described the development of rare, delayed chronic encapsulated expanding hematomas (CEEHs) at the site of an angiographically confirmed obliterated AVM.

OBJECTIVE:
To elucidate the incidence, characteristics, and management of CEEH in patients with AVM after SRS.

METHODS:
The records of all patients who underwent SRS for an intracranial AVM at 4 institutions participating in the International Radiosurgery Research Foundation between 1987 and 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Data regarding characteristics of the AVM, SRS treatment parameters, CEEH presentation, management, and outcomes were collected and analyzed.

RESULTS:
Among 5430 patients, 15 developed a CEEH at a crude incidence of 0.28%. Nine patients were female, and the mean age was 43 ± 14.6 years. Nine patients underwent surgical evacuation, while 6 were managed conservatively. The median CEEH development latency was 106 months after SRS. The patients were followed for a median of 32 months, and 9 patients improved clinically, while 6 patients remained stable. No intraoperative complications were reported after CEEH resection, although 1 patient recovered from postoperative meningitis requiring intravenous antibiotics.

CONCLUSION:
CEEH is a rare, late complication of AVM SRS with an incidence of 0.28% and a median latency of 106 months. In the presence of a delayed and symptomatic expanding hematoma in the bed of an angiographically obliterated AVM, surgical resection resulted in clinical improvement in most patients. Conservative management is possible in asymptomatic patients with stable, small-sized hematomas in deeply seated locations.
Association Between Neighborhood-Level Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Patient-Reported Outcomes in Lumbar Spine Surgery
Authors: Zhang Justin K. , Greenberg Jacob K. , Javeed Saad , Khalifeh Jawad M. , Dibble Christopher F. , Park Yikyung , Jain Deeptee , Buchowski Jacob M. , Dorward Ian , Santiago Paul , Molina Camilo , Pennicooke Brenton H. , Ray Wilson Z. 
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND:Despite an increased understanding of the impact of socioeconomic status on neurosurgical outcomes, the impact of neighborhood-level social determinants on lumbar spine surgery patient-reported outcomes remains unknown.OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the impact of geographic social deprivation on physical and mental health of lumbar surgery patients.METHODS:A single-center retrospective cohort study analyzing patients undergoing lumbar surgery for degenerative disease from 2015 to 2018 was performed. Surgeries were categorized as decompression only or decompression with fusion. The area deprivation index was used to define social deprivation. Study outcomes included preoperative and change in Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement (PROMIS) physical function (PF), pain interference (PI), depression, and anxiety (mean follow-up: 43.3 weeks). Multivariable imputation was performed for missing data. One-way analysis of variance and multivariable linear regression were used to evaluate the association between area deprivation index and PROMIS scores.RESULTS:In our cohort of 2010 patients, those with the greatest social deprivation had significantly worse mean preoperative PROMIS scores compared with the least-deprived cohort (mean difference [95% CI]—PF: −2.5 [−3.7 to −1.4]; PI: 3.0 [2.0-4.1]; depression: 5.5 [3.4-7.5]; anxiety: 6.0 [3.8-8.2], allP< .001), without significant differences inchangein these domains at latest follow-up (PF: +0.5 [−1.2 to 2.2]; PI: −0.2 [−1.7 to 2.1]; depression: −2 [−4.0 to 0.1]; anxiety: −2.6 [−4.9 to 0.4], allP> .05).CONCLUSION:Lumbar spine surgery patients with greater social deprivation present with worse preoperative physical and mental health but experience comparable benefit from surgery than patients with less deprivation, emphasizing the need to further understand social and health factors that may affect both disease severity and access to care.