bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Porphyrin induced structural destabilization of a parallel DNA G‐quadruplex in human MRP1 gene promoter
Authors: Joshi Savita , Singh Anju , Kukreti Shrikant 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPorphyrins are among the first ligands that have been tested for their quadruplex binding and stabilization potential. We report the differential interaction of the positional cationic porphyrin isomers TMPyP3 and TMPyP4 with a parallel G‐quadruplex (GQ) formed by 33‐mer (TP) regulatory sequence present in the promoter region of the human multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1) transporter gene. This GQ element encompasses the three evolutionary conserved SP1 transcription factor binding sites. Taking into account that SP1 binds to a non‐canonical GQ motif with higher affinity than to a canonical duplex DNA consensus motif, it is suggestive that GQ distortion by cationic porphyrin will have important implications in the regulation of MRP1 expression. Herein, we employed biophysical analysis using circular dichroism, visible absorption, UV‐thermal melting and steady‐state fluorescence spectroscopy, reporting destabilization of MRP1 GQ by cationic porphyrins. Results suggest that TMPyP4 and TMPyP3 interact with GQ with a binding affinity of 106 to 107 M−1. Thermodynamic analysis indicated a significant decrease in melting temperature of GQ (ΔTm of 15.5°C‐23.5°C), in the presence of 2 times excess of porphyrins. This study provides the biophysical evidence indicating the destabilisation of a parallel DNA G‐quadruplex by cationic porphyrins.
Climate change impacts on tropical cyclones of the Arabian Sea: Projections and uncertainty investigations
Authors: Ranji Zahra , Zarifsanayei Amin Reza , Cartwright Nick , Soltanpour Mohsen 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study investigates some of the uncertainties sources associated with the pseudo global warming (PGW) approach which was employed to project future patterns of tropical cyclones (TCs) over the Arabian Sea (AS). First, the climate variables controlling the patterns of tropical cyclones were extracted from reanalysis datasets of ERA5, ERAI, CFSR, and NCEP/NCAR. Then, each dataset was evaluated against long‐term measurements to identify the best‐performing reanalysis dataset. ERA5 showed the best performance for most of the variables. Outputs of 20 CMIP5 global climate models (GCMs) were then evaluated against the ERA5 data resulting in an ensemble of the best performing GCMs. A PGW framework was then used to project the changes in patterns of three significant historical cyclones: Gonu, Phet, and Ashobaa. In doing so, the signals of future climate variables were extracted from the GCMs ensemble to modify the initial and boundary conditions of the WRF model which was previously tuned for reproducing the historical TCs. Different tests were conducted to address the sources of uncertainty in the PGW approach, including the selection of the climate variables contributing to the computation of the signals, the selection of GCMs, and the spatial variation of signals. A considerable sensitivity of the projected track and intensity of TCs to the choice of GCMs was observed, acknowledging the importance of GCMs evaluation before calculating the signals. Moreover, it was found that among all variables, signals of sea surface temperature and air temperature have major effects on the cyclone's track and intensity. Apart from that, when the signals were applied to the domain of the WRF model uniformly, compared to applying spatially varying signals, different tracks and intensities for future TCs were also observed. Overall, the findings of this paper challenge the reliability of the projected changes in TCs patterns obtained from PGW.
Knee joint biomechanics during gait improve from 3 to 6 months after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Neal Kelsey , Williams Jack R. , Alfayyadh Abdulmajeed , Capin Jacob J. , Khandha Ashutosh , Manal Kurt , Snyder‐Mackler Lynn , Buchanan Thomas S. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGait alterations after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) are commonly reported and have been linked to posttraumatic osteoarthritis development. While knee gait alterations have been studied at several time points after ACLR, little is known about how these biomechanical variables change earlier than 6 months after surgery, nor is much known about how they differ over the entire stance phase of gait. The purpose of this study was to examine knee gait biomechanical variables over their entire movement pattern through stance at both 3 and 6 months after ACLR and to study the progression of interlimb asymmetry between the two postoperative time points. Thirty‐five individuals underwent motion analysis during overground walking 3 (3.2 ± 0.5) and 6 (6.4 ± 0.7) months after ACLR. Knee biomechanical variables were compared between limbs and across time points through 100% of stance using statistical parametric mapping; this included a 2 × 2 (Limb × Time) repeated measures analysis of variance and two‐tailed t‐tests. Smaller knee joint angles, moments, extensor forces, and medial compartment forces were present in the involved versus uninvolved limb. Interlimb asymmetries were present at both time points but were less prevalent at 6 months. The uninvolved limb's biomechanical variables stayed relatively consistent over time, while the involved limb's trended toward that of the uninvolved limb. Statement of Clinical Significance: Interventions to correct asymmetrical gait patterns after ACLR may need to occur early after surgery and may need to focus on multiple parts of stance phase.
Outcomes and technical modifications of vascularized lymph node transplantation from the lateral thoracic region for treatment of lymphedema
Authors: Coroneos Christopher J. , Asaad Malke , Wong Franklin C. , Hall Melissa S. , Chen Dawn N. , Hanasono Matthew M. , Schaverien Mark V. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThis study evaluates clinical outcomes of vascularized lymph node transplantation (VLNT) from the lateral thoracic region and technical modifications.MethodsConsecutive patients that underwent lateral thoracic VLNT to treat extremity lymphedema were included. Demographic and treatment data were recorded, and outcomes data including limb volume, LDex score, and Lymphedema Life Impact Scale (LLIS), QuickDASH, and LEFS questionnaires, were collected prospectively. Consecutive patients that underwent single‐photon emission computed tomography (SPECT/CT) lymphoscintigraphy axillary reverse lymphatic mapping (RLM) were analyzed to characterize the physiological drainage of the normal upper extremity.ResultsA consecutive series of 32 flaps were included. At 24 months postoperatively mean reduction in limb volume excess was 47.2% (±11.6; p = 0.0085), LDex score was 63.1% (±8.5; p < 0.001), and LLIS score was 65.1% (±7.4; p < 0.001). Preoperatively 14/31 patients (45.2%) reported cellulitis, and postoperatively there were no episodes at up to 24 months (p < 0.001). No patient developed donor extremity lymphedema at mean 18.6 (±8.3) months follow‐up. SPECT/CT‐RLM of 182 normal axillae demonstrated that the sentinel lymph node(s) of the upper extremity was consistently anatomically located in the upper outer quadrant of the axilla (97%).ConclusionsVLNT from the lateral thoracic region is effective and versatile for the treatment of lymphedema with a low donor site complication rate.
Parenting‐related trauma exposure among parents of children with intellectual and developmental disorders: Development and validation of the Parenting Trauma Checklist
Authors: Xiong Ting , McGrath Patrick J. , Yakovenko Igor , Thomson Donna , Kaltenbach Elisa 
Published: January 2022

AbstractParents of children with intellectual and developmental disorders (IDDs) often encounter parenting‐related traumatic events. Trauma exposure is a risk factor for mental health problems, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Little is known regarding the types of traumatic events that parents commonly experience and how to best assess parenting‐related trauma exposure. To address this gap, we developed the Parenting Trauma Checklist (PTC) and tested its psychometric properties. The PTC was created based on an extensive literature review and consultation with stakeholders, which led to the creation of a 17‐item instrument. Participants (N = 424) were Canadian parents of children with IDDs who completed an online test battery that included the PTC and several questionnaires to assess PTSD symptoms, global mental and physical health, lifetime trauma exposure, and functional impairment, which were included to test the validity of the new instrument. The PTC demonstrated good construct validity. Ninety four percent of the sample reported parenting‐related trauma exposure. Parents reported having experienced an average of 5.79 parenting‐related traumatic events, with seeing their child undergo a medical procedure the most frequently endorsed event (68.6%). Experiencing more parenting‐related traumatic events was positively associated with higher PTSD symptom levels, r = .35, p < .001. The PTC is a promising instrument that can be used to examine parenting‐related trauma exposure. The measure can be used as a screening tool to detect parents’ risk of traumatic stress disorders, evaluate traumatic experiences, and assess whether trauma‐focused treatment is warranted.
Vertical and horizontal soil stresses beneath a modern combine harvester: Measurements and modelling
Authors: Ding Zhao , Munkholm Lars J. , ten Damme Loraine , Lamandé Mathieu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractVehicle traffic‐induced subsoil compaction has negative influences on soil functions and ecosystems, which may cause the degradation of farmland. Rubber tracks are recommended for use on modern large agricultural vehicles due to its low ground pressure as compared to tyres. However, few studies have discussed the potential of the rubber tracks to reduce subsoil stress. In this study, we investigated the magnitude and distribution of soil stress below a rubber track and a tyre for a range of traffic velocities. The vertical and horizontal soil stresses were measured under the centrelines of the rubber track and tyre paths at a depth of 0.35 m by transducers buried in the soil. The SoilFlex model was adopted to simulate soil stress in the soil profile. Vertical stress was distributed with one peak under the tyre and multiple peaks under the rubber track. Horizontal stress exhibited one peak before and one peak after the passing of the axle. The maximum vertical and horizontal stresses were approximately 3.4‐ and 2.0‐times higher, respectively, under the tyre than under the rubber track, indicating greater effectiveness of the rubber track in reducing the vertical stress than reducing horizontal stress. Both vertical and horizontal stresses presented a downward trend as the vehicle velocity increased.
Consistent effects of vegetation patch type on soil microbial communities across three successional stages in a desert ecosystem
Authors: Yu Jie , Yin Qiang , Niu Jianming , Yan Zhijian , Wang Hui , Wang Yuqing , Chen Dima 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDesertification is a worldwide problem caused by climate change and human activity in dryland regions. In China, approximately 27% of the land surface is desertified. In these desertified ecosystems, aboveground interactions are known to greatly affect ecological succession, but belowground soil microbial communities are relatively unstudied. It is not yet clear how these communities change with different vegetation patch types (e.g., shrub vs. grass) across successional stages in dryland ecosystems. In this study, we assessed the effects of shrub patches (dominated by Artemisia ordosica) and grass patches on soil microbial community diversity, soil environment, and soil substrates across three successional stages (mobile, semi‐mobile, and fixed dunes) in a sand dune ecosystem in the Kubuqi Desert, China. Microbial alpha diversity, as indicated by the Shannon index or operational taxonomic unit (OTU) richness, was not affected by patch type but increased with successional stages. Patch type‐ or successional stage‐induced changes in soil bacterial and fungal alpha diversity were mainly associated with soil organic carbon. Unlike alpha diversity, soil microbial beta diversity was greatly affected by successional stage and patch type. The Mantel test revealed that changes in soil bacterial beta diversity were mainly associated with soil organic carbon, and changes in soil fungal beta diversity were mainly associated with soil organic carbon and soil pH. Microbial OTU richness responded more strongly to the successional stage than the microbial Shannon index, indicating that microbial OTU richness can be used as an indicator of successional status in desert ecosystems. The consistent differences in microbial beta diversity between shrub and grass patches across the three successional stages indicate that shrubs significantly influence soil microbial communities in desert ecosystems.
Gene expression profiling for metastatic risk in head and neck cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Arron Sarah T. , Wysong Ashley , Hall Mary A. , Bailey Christine N. , Covington Kyle R. , Kurley Sarah J. , Goldberg Matthew S. , Kasprzak Julia M. , Somani Ally‐Khan , Ibrahim Sherrif F. , Brodland David G. , Cleaver Nathan J. , Maher Ian A. , Xia Yang , Koyfman Shlomo A. , Newman Jason G. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveOver 50% of newly diagnosed cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) lesions occur in the head and neck (cSCC‐HN), and metastasis to nodal basins in this region further complicates surgical and adjuvant treatment. The current study addressed whether the 40‐gene expression profile (40‐GEP) test can predict metastatic risk in cSCC‐HN with improved accuracy and provide independent prognostic value to complement current risk assessment methods.Study DesignMulticenter, retrospective cohort study.MethodsFormalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded primary tumor tissue and associated clinical data from patients with cSCC‐HN (n = 278) were collected from 33 independent centers. Samples were analyzed via the 40‐GEP test. Cases were staged per American Joint Committee on Cancer, Eighth Edition (AJCC8) and Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH) criteria after comprehensive medical record and pathology report review. Metastasis‐free survival (MFS) rates were determined, and risk factors were analyzed via Cox regression.ResultsThe 40‐GEP test classified the cohort into low (Class 1, n = 126; 45.3%), moderate (Class 2A, n = 134; 48.2%), and high (Class 2B, n = 18; 6.5%) metastatic risk at 3 years postdiagnosis. Regional/distant metastasis occurred in 54 patients (19.4%). MFS rates were 92.1% (Class 1), 76.1% (Class 2A), and 44.4% (Class 2B; p < .0001). Multivariate analysis of 40‐GEP results with AJCC8 or BWH tumor stage, or clinicopathologic risk factors, demonstrated independent prognostic value of the 40‐GEP test (p < .03). Accuracy of predicting metastatic risk was also improved using 40‐GEP classification (p < .02).ConclusionsImproved metastatic risk stratification through the 40‐GEP test could complement cSCC‐HN risk assessment for better‐informed decision‐making for treatment and surveillance and ultimately improve patient outcomes.Level of Evidence3
Evaluation of the red & blue LED effects on cutaneous refractory wound healing in male Sprague–Dawley rat using 3 different multi‐drug resistant bacteria
Authors: Lv Yang , Chen ZengHong , Yang ZhiGuo , Yang WenYu , Chu WenWen , Tu YiQian , Xie Juan , Cao DongSheng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesPhotobiomodulation (PBM) is widely used in clinical therapy, and is an effective approach to resist the bacterial infection of the cutaneous wound and modulate the wound healing process. Due to the several detriments of lasers, Red & Blue LED light (RBLL) may be a more viable light source. This study is aimed to evaluate and compare the therapeutic effect of RBLL light on different multi‐drug resistant (MDR) bacteria in vitro and male Sprague–Dawley (SD) rat refractory MDR infection wound model in vivo.Materials and MethodsMethicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Extended‐spectrum β‐lactamases ‐producing Escherichia coli (ESBLs‐Eco), and the MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDR‐Pae) were employed to evaluate the antibacterial effects of the Blue LED light in vitro. Effects of RBLL on in vivo wound healing were evaluated by analyzing time to closure, wound score, semi‐quantitative test for bacterial culture, histopathological examination and Masson staining of skin tissue, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, and western blot analysis (WB) of wound tissue.ResultsBlue LED light inhibited MRSA, ESBLs‐Eco, and MDR‐Pae in vitro study. In vivo, RBLL accelerated wound healing, reduced levels of pathogenic bacteria on the wound surface while increasing the blood supply to the wound surface and inhibiting the excessive inflammatory response.ConclusionRBLL showed a great potential gain for the treatment of MDR bacterial infected wounds, suggesting PBM therapy is an inexpensive, convenient, pain‐free, and safe therapeutic intervention for refractory MDR infection wounds.
Toward integrating bidirectional multiband data and power transmission using double clad optical fibers for the next generation disaster resilient managing communication systems
Authors: Manimegalai Chellappan Thangappan , Kalimuthu Krishnan , Gauni Sabitha 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDuring the cyclones and floods, all through the nation, the telecommunication network services were the most hit, leaving numerous individuals stripped from the ability to contact their precious ones. This paper is to demonstrate potential communications during such power blackouts. The double clad fiber is used for optically powering, transmitting and receiving the data to and from the remote antenna units by the Bidirectional method. The RoF multiband signals such as baseband, millimeter wave, and microwave, are transmitted and received bidirectionally by the single mode core, and power in outer clad to the Remote Antenna Unit. By the proposed RoF link transmission of 1 Gbps over a 100‐Km DCF with an optical power of about12.0 W is achieved.
Long‐term urological complications after conservative local treatment (surgery and brachytherapy) in children with bladder–prostate rhabdomyosarcoma: A single‐team experience
Authors: Akkary Rezkalla , Guérin Florent , Chargari Cyrus , Jochault Loic , Audry Georges , Pio Luca , Minard‐Colin Veronique , Haie‐Meder Christine , Martelli Hélène 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundOutcome of children with bladder–prostate rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) has improved with multimodal therapies, including surgery and/or radiotherapy for local treatment. Our aim was to report long‐term urological complications after a conservative approach combining conservative surgery and brachytherapy.Patients and methodsEighty‐six patients, free of disease, were retrospectively reviewed. Symptoms related to urinary tract obstruction, incontinence, infection, and lithiasis were reported and graded according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) classification. Only symptomatic patients underwent urodynamic studies. Risk factors for complications were analyzed.ResultsThere were 76 males and 10 females. The median follow‐up was 6.3 years (18 months to 24 years). Complications occurred after a median follow‐up of 5 years (0–21). Twenty‐two patients (26%) had long‐term urological complications. Urinary tract obstruction was found in 15 patients (17%) and urinary incontinence in 14 patients (16%). Recurrent urinary tract infection occurred in four patients and urinary lithiasis in four (5%). The underlying physiopathology included bladder dysfunction in 15 patients (17%), urethral stenosis in six (7%), and ureterovesical junction stenosis in five (6%). On univariate analysis, posterior bladder wall dissection (p = .001), bladder neck trigone dissection (p = .010), and partial prostatectomy (p = .023) were significantly associated with an increased risk of bladder dysfunction; on multivariate analysis, only age ≤2 years (p = .028) at operation and posterior bladder wall dissection (p = .006) were found to be significant.ConclusionThe conservative surgical approach combined with brachytherapy for bladder–prostate RMS leads to long‐term urological complications in 26% of survivors. Optimizing brachytherapy doses for young children and establishing a clear and long‐term follow‐up protocol could help to reduce these complications.
Reading intervention targeting phonemic awareness and symbol imagery in children with sickle cell disease
Authors: Boggs Jacklyn , Freeman Molly , Okhomina Victoria I. , Kang Guolian , Heitzer Andrew M. , Wang Winfred C. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractChildren with sickle cell disease (SCD) frequently have diminished academic attainment and are particularly vulnerable to reading dysfunction. We explored the effectiveness of a multisensory reading intervention offered during the summer to children with SCD at our institution. Subjects with reading deficits were identified through parent report, clinical findings, or school meetings. Summer reading programs utilizing Phonemic Awareness and Symbol Imagery were provided. The Lindamood–Bell Auditory Conceptualization/Phonemic Awareness Test, Third Edition (LAC‐3), and the Symbol Imagery Test were used as pre‐ and postintervention examinations to measure progress. Fifteen students (median age 9.4 years, range 6–14 years, eight females, all African American) received the Phonemic Awareness intervention, two times a week for 6 weeks. The subjects showed statistically significant gains in standard scores derived from the LAC‐3 (mean change 7.9 points, p < .001), with associated improvements in age equivalency (AE) and grade equivalency (GE). Twenty‐nine students (median age 9 years, range 6–17 years, 13 females, all African American) participated in the Symbol Imagery reading program, also two times a week for 6 weeks. These students showed significant gains in overall standard scores (mean change 9.8 points, p < .001). Although results should be interpreted with caution due to small sample sizes, we found that summer reading clinics for children with SCD improved phonological processing and symbol imagery skills, potentially leading to substantial gains in reading capability.
Gibbs energies of activation for reacting systems with multiple reactant‐state and transition‐state conformations
Authors: Williams Ian H. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThree distinct procedures for obtaining the effective Gibbs energies of activation from computed energies for a reaction involving multiple reactant‐state (RS) and transition‐state (TS) conformers are shown to be equivalent. If Boltzmann‐weighted average Gibbs energies for RS and TS are evaluated, then the Gibbs energy contribution from entropy of mixing of both RS and TS conformers must also be included in order to obtain the correct value for the effective Gibbs energy of activation. Application to a solvolytic reaction of 4,4′‐dimethoxybenzhydrylpyridinium cation, which is shown to satisfy the Curtin‐Hammett principle with rapid interconversion of RS conformers, demonstrates the use of each procedure for evaluation of the effective Gibbs energy of activation.