bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A pilot randomized trial of simplified versus standard calorie dietary self‐monitoring in a mobile weight loss intervention
Authors: Nezami Brooke T. , Hurley Lex , Power Julianne , Valle Carmina G. , Tate Deborah F. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study tested the efficacy of a lower‐burden, simplified dietary self‐monitoring approach compared with a standard calorie monitoring approach for self‐monitoring adherence and weight loss in a mobile‐delivered behavioral weight loss intervention.MethodsParticipants (n = 72) with overweight or obesity who had children 2 to 12 years of age living in the home were randomly assigned to a group that used simplified dietary self‐monitoring of high‐calorie foods (Simplified) or a group that tracked calories (Standard). Both groups received a wireless scale, Fitbit trackers, and a 6‐month intervention delivered via a smartphone application with lessons, text messages, and weekly personalized feedback messages.ResultsPercentage weight loss at 6 months was 5.7% (95% CI: −8.3% to −3.2%) in the Standard group and 4.0% (95% CI: −5.7% to −2.3%) in the Simplified group, which was not significantly different. Similar proportions reached 5% weight loss at 6 months (43.2% in Standard and 42.9% in Simplified). There were no differences in number of dietary tracking days or change in average daily caloric intake between groups.ConclusionsTwo mobile‐delivered weight loss interventions produced clinically meaningful levels of weight loss at 6 months, with no differences in dietary tracking adherence or dietary intake. The results suggest that simplified monitoring of high‐calorie foods could be a promising alternative to calorie monitoring.
High conductivity thermoelectric insulation composite silicone rubber prepared by carbon nanotubes and silicon carbide composite filler
Authors: Cao Xianwu , Li Chunnong , Tong Yizhang , He Guangjian , Gao Dali , Ru Yue , Yang Zhitao 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPolymer based materials with high conductivity and electric insulation are widely used in new electronic fields as thermal interface material (TIM). In this work, firstly we prepared the mixed fillers of silicon carbide (SiC) and carbon nanotubes (CNT), and then used them to modify silicone rubber (SR) preparing composite SR. The experimental results of TGA showed that the composite silicone rubber had strong thermal stability, and the mass loss was only 5% until about 370°C. Besides, the thermal conductivity was significantly enhanced, which increased from 0.2 (pure SR) to 1.103 W·m−1·k−1 (composite SR containing 3wt%CNT and 20wt%SiC), the enhancement ratio arriving as high as 483.05%. In addition, the composite silicone rubber maintained (water contact angle above 90 °) hydrophobicity and electrical insulation (volume resistivity of composite SR with 3wt%CNT and 20wt%SiC up to 1013 Ω·cm), which effectively prevent leakage risk and reduce voltage loss. Therefore, a small number of mixed fillers of SiC and CNT can effectively improve the combination properties of silicone rubber and provide more ideas for TIM.
Research on stick–slip behavior and tribological properties of ethylene–propylene diene monomer under various wear velocity conditions
Authors: Sun Qi , Wang Shijie , Lv Xiaoren 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe stick–slip behavior and wear mechanism of ethylene–propylene diene monomer (EPDM) under various wear velocity conditions are investigated using a friction and wear testing machine. A change of wear velocity does not lead to the decomposition of the compounds and the formation of new compounds in EPDM. However, the friction coefficient tends to decrease with increasing wear velocity, but the noise intensity generated during the wear process tends to become stronger. In addition, the lag time tends to decrease as the wear velocity increases, but the rate of decrease in the lag time gradually slows down. Both adhesive wear and abrasive wear occur in the wear process of EPDM under different wear velocity conditions. Moreover, increasing the wear velocity leads to Schallamach waves on the EPDM wear morphology becoming larger. The results reveal the stick–slip behavior and tribological properties of EPDM under various wear velocity conditions. © 2022 Society of Industrial Chemistry.
The screen for cognitive impairment in psychiatry in patients with borderline personality disorder
Authors: Folesani Federica , Belvederi Murri Martino , Biancosino Bruno , Costa Silvia , Zerbinati Luigi , Caruso Rosangela , Nanni Maria Giulia , Toffanin Tommaso , Ferrara Maria , Purdon Scot E. , Grassi Luigi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCognitive deficits are common in borderline personality disorder (BPD) and appear to be associated with psychopathology, functioning and outcome. The availability of a cognitive screening instrument could be of use in clinical settings in order to assess neurocognition in BPD patients. The Screen for Cognitive Impairment for Psychiatry (SCIP) proved to be reliable in different psychiatric populations, but it has not yet been validated in personality disorders. The purpose of this study is therefore to evaluate its psychometric properties in a sample of 58 BPD patients. The SCIP was validated against the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and the Trail Making Test A and B (TMT A and B). The receiver operator curve analysis displayed an acceptable convergent validity (total score AUC: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.70–0.86; Se: 75%, Sp: 72%). A cut‐off total score of 80 identified 81% of patients as cognitively impaired. The exploratory factor analysis displayed a one‐factor solution explaining 55.8% of the total variance. The SCIP displayed adequate psychometric properties in BPD and could be integrated in the routine clinical assessment to provide a preliminary evaluation of cognitive features for BPD.
Measurement of physical activity and prevention of physical inactivity/sedentary behaviors in patients with septic knee arthritis before and after hospital discharge: A case report
Authors: Kaizu Yoichi , Tajika Kentaro , Miyata Kazuhiro 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatients with septic knee arthritis tend to have prolonged pain, which may lead to a decrease in physical activity (PA). Pain catastrophizing, which is associated with chronic pain, is known to be a limiting factor for PA. An objective measurement of PA in patients with septic knee arthritis has not been reported. Here we describe the accelerometry‐based measurement of the PA of a patient with septic knee arthritis before and after discharge, and we report the ability of follow‐up outpatient physical therapy to increase PA.MethodsA 70‐year‐old Japanese woman admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of left septic knee arthritis presented with prolonged pain and pain catastrophizing in the left knee. We investigated her pre‐ and post‐discharge PA by using an accelerometer. We also investigated her physical function, pain, and pain catastrophizing as a possible influence on PA. Follow‐up outpatient physical therapy (consisting of PA feedback, counseling, and reassurance) was performed to improve the patient's physical function and increase her PA.ResultsThe patient's PA indicated general inactivity from pre‐discharge to 1 month post‐discharge, especially immediately post‐discharge (sedentary behavior [SB]: 540–571.3 min/daytime, light‐intensity PA: 145.8–177.8 min/daytime). The follow‐up outpatient physical therapy was effective in increasing her physical function and PA (a 31‐min decrease in SB, a 32‐min increase in light‐intensity PA) but was not effective in reducing her pain or pain catastrophizing.DiscussionContrary to the general trend, this patient showed a decrease in PA after hospital discharge compared to PA during hospitalization. Follow‐up outpatient physical therapy had the effect of increasing the patient's PA, which was decreased immediately post‐discharge.
Shared decision making of burdensome surveillance tests using personalized schedules and their burden and benefit
Authors: Tomer Anirudh , Nieboer Daan , Roobol Monique J. , Steyerberg Ewout W. , Rizopoulos Dimitris 
Published: February 2022

Benchmark surveillance tests for detecting disease progression (eg, biopsies, endoscopies) in early‐stage chronic noncommunicable diseases (eg, cancer, lung diseases) are usually burdensome. For detecting progression timely, patients undergo invasive tests planned in a fixed one‐size‐fits‐all manner (eg, annually). We aim to present personalized test schedules based on the risk of disease progression, that optimize the burden (the number of tests) and the benefit (shorter time delay in detecting progression is better) better than fixed schedules, and enable shared decision making. Our motivation comes from the problem of scheduling biopsies in prostate cancer surveillance. Using joint models for time‐to‐event and longitudinal data, we consolidate patients' longitudinal data (eg, biomarkers) and results of previous tests, into individualized future cumulative‐risk of progression. We then create personalized schedules by planning tests on future visits where the predicted cumulative‐risk is above a threshold
(eg, 5% risk). We update personalized schedules with data gathered over follow‐up. To find the optimal risk threshold, we minimize a utility function of the expected number of tests (burden) and expected time delay in detecting progression (shorter is beneficial) for different thresholds. We estimate these two in a patient‐specific manner for following any schedule, by utilizing a patient's predicted risk profile. Patients/doctors can employ these quantities to compare personalized and fixed schedules objectively and make a shared decision of a test schedule.
Ultra‐Stable CsPbX3@Pyrophosphate Nanoparticles in Water over One Year
Authors: Zhong Qixuan , Wang Xuchun , Chu Mingyu , Qiu Yinghua , Yang Di , Sham Tsun‐Kong , Chen Jinxing , Wang Lu , Cao Muhan , Zhang Qiao 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAll‐inorganic lead halide perovskite (CsPbX3, X = Cl, Br, I, or their mixture) nanocrystals (NCs) have achieved inspiring advancements in optoelectronic fields but still suffer from poor durability when exposed to environmental stimuli such as water, irradiation and heat. Herein, a strategy of employing pyrophosphate as the inert shell for CsPbX3 NCs is reported. The strong binding between pyrophosphate and CsPbBr3 surface can stabilize the perovskite structure well. The as‐obtained core@shell CsPbBr3@NH4AlP2O7 NCs exhibit impressive stability against water and maintain the initial optical properties with negligible change in 400 days. Furthermore, significant improvement of irradiation/thermal resistance is realized due to the protecting role of pyrophosphate. The NCs can retain 100% and ≈90% of the original PL after hundreds of heating/cooling cycles and several hundred hours of UV light irradiation, respectively. As a result, the core@shell products can be directly used for high‐resolution inkjet printing, enabling the printed fluorescent information to be resistant under harsh environmental conditions. This work provides a promising way for the synthesis of highly stable encapsulated perovskite NCs and demonstrates a great potential in practical applications.
Design of library smart cloud service system based on blockchain technology
Authors: Zhen Yeping 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBlockchain is equivalent to a transparent billing, and it eventually becomes a perfect storage or storage technology through many ways. Smart cloud uses internet cloud computing and other computing methods to create a scientific and humanized intelligent service system based on office. This article aims to use blockchain technology to design and study a smart cloud service system suitable for optimizing services and managing libraries. This article proposes that a special algorithm using blockchain technology can effectively improve the performance of all aspects of the smart cloud service system and improve the rating scores of users on the service system. In the experiment, the calculation of different iteration times in different algorithms of the blockchain obtains the experimental comparison chart, and it is obtained that the FUJK3 algorithm is better than the other two algorithms. The algorithm can increase the overall performance of the smart cloud service system by about 10 points, and the user's rating score for the service system by about 15 points.
Continuous mandibular nerve block as sole analgesia for postoperative pain management after a hemimandibulectomy in a French Bulldog
Authors: Aguilar‐Catalan Adrià , Fresno Bermejo Laura , Murison Pamela J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA 12‐year‐old French Bulldog presented for a mandibulectomy due to a large ameloblastoma in the left rostral mandibular body. Preoperative pain management consisted of methadone 0.2 mg/kg and a mandibular nerve block with ropivacaine 0.5%. Intraoperatively, an indwelling perineural catheter was placed through the mandibular canal, with the tip placed in the mandibular foramen for postoperative ropivacaine administration. Ropivacaine 0.2% was administered every 6 hours for the first 36 hours without need of any systemic analgesic administration, providing adequate analgesia and allowing for a rapid recovery. The dog was completely alert and responsive in the immediate postoperative period and started eating 12 hours after surgery without any sign of pain or discomfort. No complications were observed during the postoperative period. The perineural catheter was removed after 40 hours and the dog was administered metamizole every 8 hours for analgesia and was discharged 48 hours after surgery.
Internal reconstruction of an extended full‐thickness duodenal mesenteric laceration through an antimesenteric duodenotomy in a dog
Authors: Pagès Geoffrey , Grand Jean‐Guillaume 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA 4‐year‐old English setter was presented for acute vomiting secondary to suspected consumption of a foreign body. Unusually extensive full‐thickness lacerations along the mesenteric border of the descending duodenum were present in association with devitalisation of portions of the ascending duodenum. To preserve the duodenum, total duodenectomy with associated biliary tract diversion was not considered. Ascending duodenectomy was performed. The descending duodenal mesenteric lacerations were managed using an internal primary closure technique through an antimesenteric duodenotomy. This particular technique is described, and its potential complications are discussed in this case report. While the outcome of this case report was excellent, more studies are needed before recommending this technique as part of the instrumentarium of duodenal repair.
Enhancing Hydrogen Storage Capacity of Pd Nanoparticles by Sandwiching between Inorganic Nanosheets
Authors: Ament Kevin , Kobayashi Hirokazu , Kusada Kohei , Breu Josef , Kitagawa Hiroshi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractH2 is regarded to play a crucial role in the transition from a fossil fuel‐based energy economy towards an environmentally friendly one. However, storage of H2 is still challenging, but palladium (Pd) based materials show exciting properties. Therefore, nanoparticulate Pd has been intensely studied for hydrogen storage in the past years. Here, we stabilize Pd nanoparticles by intercalation between inorganic nanosheets of hectorite (NaHec). Compared to nanoparticles stabilized by the polymer polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), the H2 storage capacity was found to be 86 % higher for identical Pd nanoparticles being intercalated between nanosheets. We attribute this remarkably enhanced H2 storage capacity to the partial oxidation of Pd, as evidenced by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The higher amount of holes in the 4d band leads to a higher amount of H2 that can be absorbed when Pd is stabilized between the nanosheets of hectorite compared to the PVP stabilized nanoparticles.
Machine Learning in Stroke Medicine: Opportunities and Challenges for Risk Prediction and Prevention
Authors: Amann Julia 
Published: February 2022

AbstractStroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and disability worldwide, causing individual hardship and high economic cost for society. Reducing the global burden of stroke depends on a multi-pronged mission, and experts agree an important strategy in this mission is prevention. Prevention success can be bolstered through the strategic development and adoption of risk prediction tools. However, there are several limitations to risk prediction models currently available. A solution to some of these limitations may be found in machine learning (ML), a promising tool that can improve our ability to assess risk and ultimately prevent strokes.This chapter surveys the global burden of stroke and describes current practices for reducing stroke incidence and stroke mortality rates. In particular, the chapter reviews how ML applications are applied to stroke risk prediction and prevention and identifies important technological and methodological challenges for using ML in these contexts. The chapter concludes by drawing the readers’ attention to some of the questions and ethical challenges that arise as clinicians widely adopt ML-based applications in practice.
Negativity spectra in random tensor networks and holography
Authors: Kudler-Flam Jonah , Narovlansky Vladimir , Ryu Shinsei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Negativity is a measure of entanglement that can be used both in pure and mixed states. The negativity spectrum is the spectrum of eigenvalues of the partially transposed density matrix, and characterizes the degree and “phase” of entanglement. For pure states, it is simply determined by the entanglement spectrum. We use a diagrammatic method complemented by a modification of the Ford-Fulkerson algorithm to find the negativity spectrum in general random tensor networks with large bond dimensions. In holography, these describe the entanglement of fixed-area states. It was found that many fixed-area states have a negativity spectrum given by a semi-circle. More generally, we find new negativity spectra that appear in random tensor networks, as well as in phase transitions in holographic states, wormholes, and holographic states with bulk matter. The smallest random tensor network is the same as a micro-canonical version of Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) gravity decorated with end-of-the-world branes. We consider the semi-classical negativity of Hawking radiation and find that contributions from islands should be included. We verify this in the JT gravity model, showing the Euclidean wormhole origin of these contributions.
Treat-to-Target in Lupus Nephritis. What is the Role of the Repeat Kidney Biopsy?
Authors: Parodis Ioannis , Tamirou Farah , Houssiau Frédéric A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractKidney involvement, termed lupus nephritis (LN), develops in 35–60% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, often early during the disease course. When not treated promptly and efficiently, LN may lead to rapid and severe loss of kidney function, being the reason why it is considered one of the most severe lupus manifestations. Despite improved pharmacotherapy, 5–20% of LN patients develop end-stage kidney disease within ten years from the LN diagnosis. While the principal ground of LN therapy is prevention of renal function worsening, resembling a race against nephron loss, consensual agreement upon outcome measures and clinically meaningful short- and long-term targets of LN therapy have yet to be determined. Literature points to the importance of inclusion of tissue-based approaches in the determination of those targets, and evidence accumulates regarding the importance of per-protocol repeat kidney biopsies in the evaluation of the initial phase of therapy and prediction of long-term renal prognosis. The latter leads to the hypothesis that the information gleaned from repeat biopsies may contribute to optimised therapeutic decision making, and, therefore, increased probability to attain complete renal response in the short term, and a more favourable renal prognosis within a longer prospect. The multinational project ReBioLup was recently designed to serve as a key contributor to form evidence about the role of per-protocol repeat biopsies in a randomised fashion and aspires to unify the global LN community towards improved kidney and patient survival.
Bacterial ligands as flexible and sensitive detectors in rapid tests for antibodies to SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Cavalera Simone , Di Nardo Fabio , Chiarello Matteo , Serra Thea , Colitti Barbara , Guiotto Cristina , Fagioli Franca , Cagnazzo Celeste , Denina Marco , Palazzo Annagloria , Artusio Fiora , Pisano Roberto , Rosati Sergio , Baggiani Claudio , Anfossi Laura 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) is widely employed as point-of-care tests (POCT) for the diagnosis of infectious diseases. The accuracy of LFIA largely depends on the quality of the immunoreagents used. Typical LFIAs to reveal the immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) employ anti-human immunoglobulin (hIG) antibodies and recombinant viral antigens, which usually are unstable and poorly soluble. Broad selective bacterial proteins, such as Staphylococcal protein A (SpA) and Streptococcal protein G (SpG) can be considered alternatives to anti-hIG to increase versatility and sensitivity of serological LFIAs because of their high binding capacity, interspecies reactivity, and robustness. We developed two colorimetric LFA devices including SpA and SpG linked to gold nanoparticles (GNP) as detectors and explored the use of a specific, stable, and soluble immunodominant fraction of the nucleocapsid protein from SARS-CoV-2 as the capturing agent. The optimal amount of SpA-GNP and SpG-GNP conjugates and the protein-to-GNP ratios were defined through a full factorial experimental design to maximize the diagnostic sensitivity of the LFIAs. The new LFA devices were applied to analyze 105 human serum samples (69 positive and 36 negatives according to reference molecular diagnostic methods). The results showed higher sensitivity (89.9%, 95% CI 82.7–97.0) and selectivity (91.7%, 82.6–100) for the SpA-based compared to the SpG-based LFA. In addition, 18 serum samples from cats and dogs living with COVID-19 patients were analyzed and 14 showed detectable levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, thus illustrating the flexibility of the SpA- and SpG-based LFAs.Graphical abstract
Classically conditioned modulation of pain depends on stimulus intensity
Authors: Harvie Daniel S. , Poolman Eva Y. , Madden Victoria J. , Olthof Nick A. , Coppieters Michel W. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractInnocuous cues that become associated with pain can enhance pain. This is termed classically conditioned hyperalgesia. The size of this effect varies under different conditions. We aimed to test whether the sensitising effect of pain-associated cues depends on the intensity of the paired test stimulus. To do this, two virtual reality environments were paired with either painful or non-painful vibrotactile stimuli in a counterbalanced fashion. The differential effect of the two environments was evaluated using pain intensity ratings of paired electrocutaneous test stimuli at three different intensity levels. Forty healthy participants were included in the study; 30 participants experienced sufficient pain during the learning phase and were included in the main analysis. An effect of environment (p = 0.014) and interaction between environment and test stimulus intensity was found (p = 0.046). Only the most intense test stimulus was modulated by environment. While the effect was small, the results are consistent with the proposition that pain-associated cues may induce hyperalgesia to some degree, under certain conditions. In particular, results highlight the potential relevance of stimulus intensity during and after the initial painful experience. Further attention is needed to comprehensively understand the variables that impact classically conditioned hyperalgesia.