bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of tinnitus and factors influencing its severity
Authors: Chen Shanwen , Shen Xueqin , Yuan Jinjin , Wu Yu , Li Yifan , Tong Busheng , Qiu Jianxin , Wu Feihu , Liu Yehai 
Published: July 2022

Background and Objectives: There is a wealth of information regarding the treatment methods for tinnitus; however, the treatment available is unsatisfactory because of the following reasons: first, tinnitus has various etiologies and second, it has distinct heterogeneity among different individuals. Numerous studies have focused on understanding the causes of tinnitus severity, but the conclusions have been inconsistent. The purpose of the present study was to define factors that differentially influence subjectively perceived tinnitus severity. Methods: Clinical data of patients with chronic tinnitus who visited our outpatient clinic from April 2020 to April 2021 were collected. Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) and Tinnitus Evaluation Questionnaire (TEQ) were used to evaluate tinnitus severity among patients, and the independent factors influencing the severity of tinnitus were investigated by performing univariate and multivariate stepwise regression analyses. Results: Eleven variables were associated with THI and TEQ scores, of which nine were identical. Multiple regression analyses results revealed that five variables had a significantly unique predictive effect on tinnitus severity based on THI and the TEQ scores. Three factors including Self-Rating Scale of Sleep (SRSS), change in loudness, and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) were identical. Conclusion: Sleep status, anxiety level, and change in loudness in patients with chronic tinnitus were significantly correlated with severity of tinnitus. Follow-up studies should investigate the causal relationship between these factors and tinnitus severity.
Radiographic changes in ribs following clipping of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants
Authors: Hasan Rashed A , Kalaba Frank , Hesen Jacob Z , Hamid Kewan 
Published: July 2022

Objectives: There are no published reports on the rib abnormalities on the plain chest radiograph in preterm infants following surgical clipping of isolated patent ductus arteriosus. The purpose of this study was to describe changes in the ribs on the plain chest radiograph following surgical clipping of patent ductus arteriosus (surgery groups) in preterm infants compared to non-surgical closure of patent ductus arteriosus (control group). Methods: Data from preterm infants with patent ductus arteriosus clipping (surgery) via a left postero-lateral thoracotomy were compared with infants in whom the patent ductus arteriosus closed: spontaneously, with medications or use of an occlusive device (controls). Serial pre- and post-closure plain chest radiographs were randomly reviewed by a reader blinded to the route of closure and up to 1 year following the patent ductus arteriosus closure. Results: Of the total of 196 cases included in the study: 45 of the patent ductus arteriosus closed following treatment with medications, 8 cases closed with an occlusion device, 38 were closed surgically, and in 105 cases, the patent ductus arteriosus closed spontaneously. Compared to the pre-operative period, 36/38 (95%) infants in the surgery group had one or more of the following rib abnormalities: ipsilateral fourth and fifth rib fusion, narrowing of the ipsilateral fifth intercostal space, thinning of the ipsilateral fourth or fifth rib, or a combination of the above on the chest radiograph compared to 0% in the control group (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Radiographic rib abnormalities are common and appear in infancy following surgical clipping of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants. Further studies are needed to clarify the natural history of these abnormalities on thoracic cage and cardiopulmonary functions.
Undernutrition and associated factors among elderly people served in Public Servants Social Security Agency in Harar, Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Mulugeta Gizeshwork , Dingeta Tariku , Mitiku Habtamu , Weldegebreal Fitsum 
Published: July 2022

Objective: Undernutrition in the elderly has adverse effects on physiological functions and various clinical outcomes. In Ethiopia, similar to many developing countries, there is a dearth of epidemiological data on the nutritional status of the elderly. This study aimed to assess the magnitude of undernutrition and associated factors among the elderly population enrolled in the Public Servants Social Security Agency in Harar, eastern Ethiopia. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 337 elderly adults from June to August 2020. The Mini Nutritional Assessment Tool Short Form assessed the nutritional status of the elderly. Data were entered in Epi Data software version 3.1 and transferred to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Ordinal logistic regression assessed factors associated with undernutrition, using variables with a p value less than 0.05 as statistically significant. Result: The magnitude of undernutrition was 16.6% and 45.1% were at risk of undernutrition. Being unable to read and write (odds ratio (OR) = 3.64; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.98–6.72), elderly with morbidities (OR = 2.05; 95% CI, 1.15–3.64), low dietary diversity score (OR = 3.52; 95% CI, 1.63–7.60), and elderly who were food insecure (OR = 0.59; 95% CI, 0.37–0.95) were significantly associated with undernutrition. Conclusion: The magnitude of undernutrition among the elderly is a public health issue. Independent predictors include educational status, morbidity, dietary diversity, and food insecurity. Intervention programs need to focus on the elderly’s nutrition, access to healthy foods, and other health issues.
Paternal Postnatal Depression During COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Health Care Providers
Authors: Yazdanpanahi Zahra , Vizheh Maryam , Azizi Marzieh , Hajifoghaha Mahboubeh 
Published: July 2022

Background: The fast spread of COVID-19 can cause some psychological disorders for men. One of the psychological disorders is paternal postpartum depression (PPD). The aim of the present research was to review studies that have investigated paternal postpartum depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: For this narrative review, databases such as Google Scholar, Scientific Information Databases (SID), Magiran, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched for the full texts of published studies in the Persian and English languages in the period of 2019 to 2021. Finally, 3 articles were selected and reviewed in this study. Results: The results of this review study were classified into 3 main categories such as (1) The psychological status of men during the COVID-19 pandemic, (2) The effect of paternal PPD on children’s development and family psychological status during the COVID-19 pandemic, and (3) The role of healthcare providers in the management of paternal PPD. The findings of the studies showed that paternal PPD increases the rate of child maltreatment, maternal depression, and domestic violence. The promotion of the interpersonal skills of healthcare providers with fathers suffering from depression or psychological problems is the determinant factor of successful results. Conclusions: The results showed that paternal PPD has a wide range of consequences in this pandemic. Therefore, it would be recommended that healthcare staff have close contact with families and screen fathers for paternal PPD during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Barriers to Expanding the National Health Insurance Membership in Indonesia: Who Should the Target?
Authors: Laksono Agung Dwi , Nantabah Zainul Khaqiqi , Wulandari Ratna Dwi , Khoiri Abu , Tahangnacca Minsarnawati 
Published: July 2022

Background: The Indonesian government initiated National Health Insurance (NHI) to reduce health service barriers. The study aimed to analyze specific targets for expanding the NHI’s membership in Indonesia. Methods: The study population was all populations in Indonesia. Meanwhile, the study involved a 47 644 weighted sample. The analyzed variables included NHI’s membership, residence, age, gender, education, employment, marital status, and wealth. The study employed binary logistic regression in the final step. Results: The urban population was 0.608 times less likely than the rural population to become a non-member of NHI. Aging younger was one of the barriers to becoming an NHI member, and the male gender is one of the barriers to becoming an NHI member. Meanwhile, the lower the education level, the greater the obstacles to becoming an NHI member in Indonesia. Besides, the unemployed population was 1.002 more likely than the employed population to become a non-member of NHI. The result shows that never married or married have a higher chance of becoming a non-member of NHI. Finally, all wealth status categories are more likely to become barriers to the most prosperous population becoming an NHI member. Conclusions: The study concluded that 7 population characteristics become specific targets for expanding NHI membership in Indonesia. The 7 characteristics are the population who live in rural areas, are young, male, poor education, unemployed, never married or married, and poor.
Promoting healthy lifestyle habits among participants in cancer screening programs: Results of the randomized controlled Sti.Vi study
Authors: Riggi Emilia , Baccini Michela , Camussi Elisa , Gallo Federica , Anatrone Caterina , Pezzana Andrea , Senore Carlo , Giordano Livia , Segnan Nereo 
Published: July 2022

Background: Unhealthy diets, physical inactivity, alcohol and tobacco consumption are among the leading risk factors for non-communicable diseases. It is estimated that around 40% of cancers could be prevented by adopting healthy lifestyles. Design and methods: The Stili di Vita (Sti.Vi) study was a randomized study for assessing the impact of healthy lifestyle interventions on anthropometric measures, metabolic parameters, and health outcomes among participants of cancer screening programs in Turin (Italy). Eligible women aged 50–54 years, invited to biennial mammography screening, and 58-years-old men and women, invited to a once-only sigmoidoscopy for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening were randomly allocated to Diet group (DG), Physical Activity group (PAG), Physical Activity plus Diet group (PADG), or control group (CG). Physical and eating habits, metabolic and anthropometric measurements, repeatedly collected, were the study outcomes. The active intervention, offered to participants assigned to the DG, PAG, and PADG arms, consisted of a basic module and an advanced module. The effect of the interventions was estimated through logistic regression or a difference in differences approach. A multiple imputation procedure was implemented to deal with missing values and q-values have been calculated in the presence of multiple hypothesis testing. Results: Out of the 8442 screened attendees, 1270 signed informed consent, while 1125 participants accomplished the baseline visit. Participants were equally distributed across the four treatments as following: 273 (24.3%) in DG, 288 (25.6%) in the PAG, 283 (25.1%) in PADG, and 281 (25%) in the CG. Participants assigned to DG or PADG increased their consumption of whole grains (OR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.20–2.60 and OR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.06–2.27, respectively) and legumes (OR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.12–2.79 and OR = 2.24, 95% CI: 1.41–3.57, respectively), with respect to CG. The participants randomized to DG reduced processed meat and increased fruit consumption (OR = 2.57, 95% CI: 1.76–3.76 and OR = 2.38, 95% CI: 1.12–5.06, respectively). The effects were more evident in the CRC screening subgroup. No relevant difference was observed between PAG and CG. No impact was observed on physical activity habits. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that active interventions can increase awareness and induce diet changes. However, participation rate and compliance to the courses was quite low, innovative strategies to enhance participants’ retention are needed, with the ultimate goal of increasing awareness and inducing positive lifestyle changes.
Reconstruction of pseudonymized patient-trajectories in Austria’s stroke cohort using medical record-linkage of in-patient routine documentation to establish a nation-wide acute stroke cohort of 102,107 pseudonymized patients between 2015 and 2019
Authors: Heidinger Martin , Lang Wilfried , Boehme Christian , Knoflach Michael , Kiechl Stefan , Willeit Peter , Kleyhons Rainer , Tuerk Silvia 
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Administrative health data are increasingly used for disease surveillance, quality assurance and research purposes. In Austria, reporting of a standardized dataset is mandatory for each patient. Patients and methods: Routine documentation includes administrative and medical data, including admission and discharge characteristics, disease-diagnosis using ICD-10, medical procedure codes, and coding of involved hospital departments. Since 2015, a three-step pseudonymization on these data is provided including a pseudonym using secure hash algorithm 256, a non-recalculable record-ID, and age-groups of 5 years, allowing the reconstruction of individual patient-trajectories. We included persons aged ⩾20 years with an in-patient treatment in Austrian hospitals for acute stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) between 01.01.2015 and 31.12.2019 using medical record-linkage. Results: This totals 102,107 patients (49.3% women) with 107,055 treatment episodes. An ischemic stroke (IS) occurred in 60.9% ( n = 65,133), 27.1% ( n = 29,019) had a TIA, 3.3% ( n = 3488) a subarachnoid hemorrhage, and 8.8% ( n = 9415) an intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The study period covers 35.2 million person-years at risk, with a hospitalization rate for acute stroke of 221.8 per 100,000 person-years (95% CI 220.2–223.3), and 185.1 per 100,000 person-years (95% CI 183.7–186.5) for IS. Unscheduled re-admissions within 1 year occurred in 29.2% (95% CI 28.8–29.7) after IS, and 41.7% (95% CI 40.0–43.3) after ICH. Recurrent stroke occurred in 5.3% (95% CI 5.1–5.5) after IS, and 5.6% (95% CI 4.9–6.4) after ICH. Discussion: We present herein the details of a novel methodology to establish a nation-wide unselected Austrian stroke cohort, and to reconstruct pseudonymized individual longitudinal patient-trajectories on a national level. This approach shows potential applications in epidemiological research, quality assessment and outcome measurement. Conclusion: This novel approach opens new research fields, facilitates international comparison, and is needed for national benchmarking to assess the achievement of goals according to the Stroke Action Plan for Europe and augment the quality of Austria’s integrated stroke care.
Solitary Fibrous Tumors of the Head and Neck: A Single‐Institution Study of 52 Patients
Authors: Chung Hye Rhyn , Tam Kenric , Han Albert Y. , Obeidin Farres , Nakasaki Manando , Chhetri Dinesh K. , St John Maie A. , Kita Ashley E. 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinicopathologic characteristics of head and neck solitary fibrous tumors and features that may predict tumor recurrence.Study DesignRetrospective review.SettingUniversity of California–Los Angeles Medical Center.MethodsA single‐center retrospective study was conducted on pathologically confirmed cases of head and neck solitary fibrous tumors between 1996 and 2021. Patient demographics, clinical course, and histopathologic features were evaluated. Recurrence‐free survival was estimated via Kaplan‐Meier analysis.ResultsA total of 52 patients were reviewed. The average patient age was 54.7 years (range, 15‐89). The most common subsite was the orbit (53.8%, n = 28), but other involved areas included the nasopharynx, paranasal sinuses, and scalp. The median tumor size was 2.95 cm (range, 1.3‐11.2). Strong STAT6 (100%) and CD34 (97.9%) expression was observed on immunohistochemistry. Almost all patients were initially managed with wide local excision; 82% of patients (n = 14) had positive margins on pathologic review; and 15% (n = 4) had recurrence at a median 28.5 months (range, 10‐113). White patient race was the only significant predictor of tumor recurrence. Patient age (≥55 years), tumor size (≥4), high mitotic rate, and disease subsite were not associated with recurrence.ConclusionHead and neck solitary fibrous tumors demonstrate a significantly larger local recurrence rate as compared with their rate of metastasis. They can recur many years following initial therapy, warranting long‐term surveillance and follow‐up to assess for tumor recurrence.
Immune landscape after allo-HSCT: TIGIT- and CD161-expressing CD4 T cells are associated with subsequent leukemia relapse
Authors: Gournay Viviane , Vallet Nicolas , Peux Vivien , Vera Kristi , Bordenave Jennifer , Lambert Marion , Corneau Aurélien , Michonneau David , Peffault de Latour Régis , Caillat-Zucman Sophie , Socié Gérard , Chevalier Mathieu F. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is the most effective treatment for selected patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and relies on a “graft-versus-leukemia” effect (GVL) where donor T lymphocytes mediate control of malignant cell growth. However, relapse remains the major cause of death after allo-HSCT. In various malignancies, several immunoregulatory mechanisms have been shown to restrain antitumor immunity, including ligand-mediated engagement of inhibitory receptors (IRs) on effector cells, and induction of immunosuppressive cell subsets, such as regulatory T cells (Tregs) or myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Relapse after HSCT remains a major therapeutic challenge, but immunoregulatory mechanisms involved in restraining the GVL effect must be better deciphered in humans. We used mass cytometry to comprehensively characterize circulating leukocytes in 2 cohorts of patients after allo-HSCT. We first longitudinally assessed various immunoregulatory parameters highlighting specific trends, such as opposite dynamics between MDSCs and Tregs. More generally, the immune landscape was stable from months 3 to 6, whereas many variations occurred from months 6 to 12 after HSCT. Comparison with healthy individuals revealed that profound alterations in the immune equilibrium persisted 1 year after HSCT. Importantly, we found that high levels of TIGIT and CD161 expression on CD4 T cells at month 3 after HSCT were distinct features significantly associated with subsequent AML relapse in a second cross-sectional cohort. Altogether, these data provide global insights into the reconstitution of the immunoregulatory landscape after HSCT and highlight non-canonical IRs associated with relapse, which could open the path to new prognostic tools or therapeutic targets to restore subverted anti-AML immunity.
Beyond antibiotics: recent developments in the diagnosis and management of nontuberculous mycobacterial infection
Authors: Gleeson Laura E. , Waterer Grant 
Published: July 2022

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) pulmonary disease represents a significant clinical challenge with suboptimal therapy and increasing prevalence globally. Although clinical practice guidelines seek to standardise the approach to diagnosis and treatment of NTM disease, a lack of robust evidence limits their utility and significant variability exists in clinical practice. Here we walk through some novel approaches in diagnosis and therapy that are under development to tackle a disease where traditional strategies are failing.Educational aimsTo recognise the growing prevalence and importance of NTM pulmonary disease globally.To identify shortfalls in current diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, and highlight the challenges that must be addressed in future research and development efforts.To appreciate the role of novel therapeutic approaches such as immunomodulation of host defence, and to explore some examples of burgeoning therapies.
A novel multiple kernel fuzzy topic modeling technique for biomedical data
Authors: Rashid Junaid , Kim Jungeun , Hussain Amir , Naseem Usman , Juneja Sapna 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Text mining in the biomedical field has received much attention and regarded as the important research area since a lot of biomedical data is in text format. Topic modeling is one of the popular methods among text mining techniques used to discover hidden semantic structures, so called topics. However, discovering topics from biomedical data is a challenging task due to the sparsity, redundancy, and unstructured format.

Methods
In this paper, we proposed a novel multiple kernel fuzzy topic modeling (MKFTM) technique using fusion probabilistic inverse document frequency and multiple kernel fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm for biomedical text mining. In detail, the proposed fusion probabilistic inverse document frequency method is used to estimate the weights of global terms while MKFTM generates frequencies of local and global terms with bag-of-words. In addition, the principal component analysis is applied to eliminate higher-order negative effects for term weights.

Results
Extensive experiments are conducted on six biomedical datasets. MKFTM achieved the highest classification accuracy 99.04%, 99.62%, 99.69%, 99.61% in the Muchmore Springer dataset and 94.10%, 89.45%, 92.91%, 90.35% in the Ohsumed dataset. The CH index value of MKFTM is higher, which shows that its clustering performance is better than state-of-the-art topic models.

Conclusion
We have confirmed from results that proposed MKFTM approach is very efficient to handles to sparsity and redundancy problem in biomedical text documents. MKFTM discovers semantically relevant topics with high accuracy for biomedical documents. Its gives better results for classification and clustering in biomedical documents. MKFTM is a new approach to topic modeling, which has the flexibility to work with a variety of clustering methods.
Seascape genomics of common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) reveals adaptive diversity linked to regional and local oceanography
Authors: Barceló Andrea , Sandoval-Castillo Jonathan , Brauer Chris J. , Bilgmann Kerstin , Parra Guido J. , Beheregaray Luciano B. , Möller Luciana M. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
High levels of standing genomic variation in wide-ranging marine species may enhance prospects for their long-term persistence. Patterns of connectivity and adaptation in such species are often thought to be influenced by spatial factors, environmental heterogeneity, and oceanographic and geomorphological features. Population-level studies that analytically integrate genome-wide data with environmental information (i.e., seascape genomics) have the potential to inform the spatial distribution of adaptive diversity in wide-ranging marine species, such as many marine mammals. We assessed genotype-environment associations (GEAs) in 214 common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) along > 3000 km of the southern coast of Australia.

Results
We identified 747 candidate adaptive SNPs out of a filtered panel of 17,327 SNPs, and five putatively locally-adapted populations with high levels of standing genomic variation were disclosed along environmentally heterogeneous coasts. Current velocity, sea surface temperature, salinity, and primary productivity were the key environmental variables associated with genomic variation. These environmental variables are in turn related to three main oceanographic phenomena that are likely affecting the dispersal of common dolphins: (1) regional oceanographic circulation, (2) localised and seasonal upwellings, and (3) seasonal on-shelf circulation in protected coastal habitats. Signals of selection at exonic gene regions suggest that adaptive divergence is related to important metabolic traits.

Conclusion
To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first seascape genomics study for common dolphins (genus Delphinus). Information from the associations between populations and their environment can assist population management in forecasting the adaptive capacity of common dolphins to climate change and other anthropogenic impacts.