bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
О прогнозах глобального энергоперехода
Authors: Арутюнов В.С. 
Published: July 2022

Оценка реального потенциала возобновляемых источников энергии показывает необоснованность прогнозов их будущего доминирования в мировой энергетике и надежд на возможность изменения за счет этого наблюдаемых климатических процессов. В связи с этим не имеют под собой реальной почвы прогнозы ожидаемого глобального энергоперехода, по крайней мере, до освоения человечеством энергии термоядерного синтеза. Вплоть до этого основным источником энергии для мировой экономики, как и в течение двух предыдущих столетий, могут быть только все еще обильные ресурсы имеющихся в земной коре углеводородов. При разработке и реализации своих энергетических программ России следует исходить исключительно из отечественных реалий и интересов, без оглядки на доминирующие на Западе тенденции и принимаемые там решения.
Мифы и рифы климатической повестки
Authors: Корытный Л.М. , Веселова В.Н. 
Published: July 2022

Самой важной темой последних десятилетий в мировой политике, экономике, экологии стала климатическая повестка в контексте угрозы глобального потепления, главной причиной которого признаны выбросы парниковых газов, в первую очередь углекислого. В статье такой подход подвергнут сомнению, начиная с его климатических и физико-химических оснований, заканчивая последствиями повышения температуры воздуха. Показана несостоятельность сосредоточения большинства эколого-экономических мероприятий на борьбе с парниковыми газами в ущерб другим проблемам, гораздо более важным. С учетом такой позиции должна быть скорректирована климатическая доктрина России, географические, экологические, экономические и энергетические условия которой имеют свою специфику; в том числе нецелесообразно форсировать темпы четвертого энергетического перехода. Авторы убеждены, что парниково-углеродная концепция и соответствующие ей призывы и мероприятия фактически являются тормозом «зеленой» экономики.
Транспортная сеть азиатской части России: некоторые уроки истории и современность
Authors: Малов В.Ю. 
Published: July 2022

Значимость и ресурсов, и самой территории Азиатской России в условиях антироссийских санкций возросла. Тезисы о «сорванных масках» с ряда западных стран и «нового миропорядка» подтверждают необходимость реального сдвига производительных сил на восток и север. Поручение Президента РФ подготовить проекты создания и нового порта на Баренцевом море – Индига, и участка железной дороги (Баренцкомур), соединяющей этот порт с сетью железных дорог России, не случайно. Слабая транспортная обустроенность азиатской части России может стать главным сдерживающим моментом не только на пути формирования ее новой пространственной структуры, но и тормозом на пути восстановления и укрепления позиций страны в мирохозяйственной системе.
Alat Sterilisasi Lampu UVC Portable Berbasis IOT
Authors: Fitriyah Qoriatul , Siahaan Yeni Delfiana , Wahyudi Muhammad Prihadi Eko 
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk meningkatkan keandalan penyinaran Lampu UVC dalam membunuh virus. Sejak pertama diketahui pada bulan November 2019 pandemi covid-19 telah menyebar sampai di sekitar kita dan memakan banyak korban jiwa. Bermacam pencegahan sudah dilakukan oleh pemerintah dan juga individu. Salah satu pencegahan yang dapat dilakukan adalah melakukan sterilisasi ruangan atau permukaan benda dengan menggunakan sinar UV. Untuk membunuh virus dapat digunakan sinar ultraviolet (UV) tipe C. Dengan dosis 220J/m² menghasilkan pengurangan virus SARS-CoV-2 atau covid 19 di udara atau suatu permukaan. Permasalahan yang muncul adalah, lampu UVC yang digunakan hanya sebatas on-off dengan durasi yang tidak menentu. Alat ini nantinya diharapkan mampu melakukan perhitungan secara otomatis untuk menentukan durasi nyala penyinaran hanya dengan memasukkan informasi luas ruangan. Untuk keselamatan pengguna saat pemakaian sinar UVC, alat ini juga akan dilengkapi dengan kendali jarak jauh dan sensor keberadaan.
Effectiveness of Early Postpartum Rectus Abdominis versus Transversus Abdominis Training in Patients with Diastasis of the Rectus Abdominis Muscles: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Simpson Eloise , Hahne Andrew 
Published: July 2022

Purpose: To determine feasibility of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing postpartum rectus abdominis training with transversus abdominis training in reducing the inter-recti distance in patients with diastasis of the rectus abdominis muscles (DRAM). Method: A pilot, randomized controlled trial with longitudinal assessment following vaginal delivery at 6 and 12 weeks postpartum was completed. Forty-four women with DRAM (inter-recti distance of ≥ 30mm as measured by digital calipers) were recruited from a regional public hospital in Australia. The standard treatment group ( n = 21) was provided with a 5-second transversus abdominis activation exercise in crook lying. The experimental group ( n = 23) was provided with a 1-second rectus abdominis crunch exercise. Dosage was between 1–10 repetitions at baseline and between 1–20 at 6 weeks, twice a day, at least 5 days per week, prescribed depending on individual participant ability. The primary outcome measure was inter-recti distance. Feasibility measures were recruitment rate, loss to follow-up, adverse events, and exercise adherence. Results: The rectus abdominis group achieved greater reduction of the inter-recti distance at 6 weeks (at and below the umbilicus) and 12 weeks (above, below, and at the umbilicus). Recruitment rate was acceptable (45%) and there were no adverse events, but loss to follow-up was high due to COVID-19 impacts and participants did not return exercise adherence diaries. Conclusion: Prescription of rectus abdominis exercise during the early postpartum period following vaginal delivery resulted in a greater reduction of the inter-recti distance at 6 and 12 weeks when compared with transversus abdominis exercise. This pilot trial was impacted by high loss to follow up due to COVID-19 restrictions, but feasibility was otherwise acceptable. The findings of the study will inform future fully powered trials comparing these two exercise types in postpartum women with DRAM.
Modern intracranial electroencephalography for epilepsy localization with combined subdural grid and depth electrodes with low and improved hemorrhagic complication rates
Authors: Lee Anthony T. , Nichols Noah M. , Speidel Benjamin A. , Fan Joline M. , Cajigas Iahn , Knowlton Robert C. , Chang Edward F. 
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE
Recent trends have moved from subdural grid electrocorticography (ECoG) recordings toward stereo-electroencephalography (SEEG) depth electrodes for intracranial localization of seizures, in part because of perceived morbidity from subdural grid and strip electrodes. For invasive epilepsy monitoring, the authors describe the outcomes of a hybrid approach, whereby patients receive a combination of subdural grids, strips, and frameless stereotactic depth electrode implantations through a craniotomy. Evolution of surgical techniques was employed to reduce complications. In this study, the authors review the surgical hemorrhage and functional outcomes of this hybrid approach.

METHODS
A retrospective review was performed of consecutive patients who underwent hybrid implantation from July 2012 to May 2022 at an academic epilepsy center by a single surgeon. Outcomes included hemorrhagic and nonhemorrhagic complications, neurological deficits, length of monitoring, and number of electrodes.

RESULTS
A total of 137 consecutive procedures were performed; 113 procedures included both subdural and depth electrodes. The number of depth electrodes and electrode contacts did not increase the risk of hemorrhage. A mean of 1.9 ± 0.8 grid, 4.9 ± 2.1 strip, and 3.0 ± 1.9 depth electrodes were implanted, for a mean of 125.1 ± 32 electrode contacts per patient. The overall incidence of hematomas over the study period was 5.1% (7 patients) and decreased significantly with experience and the introduction of new surgical techniques. The incidence of hematomas in the last 4 years of the study period was 0% (55 patients). Symptomatic hematomas were all delayed and extra-axial. These patients required surgical evacuation, and there were no cases of hematoma recurrence. All neurological deficits related to hematomas were temporary and were resolved at hospital discharge. There were 2 nonhemorrhagic complications. The mean duration of monitoring was 7.3 ± 3.2 days. Seizures were localized in 95% of patients, with 77% of patients eventually undergoing resection and 17% undergoing responsive neurostimulation device implantation.

CONCLUSIONS
In the authors’ institutional experience, craniotomy-based subdural and depth electrode implantation was associated with low hemorrhage rates and no permanent morbidity. The rate of hemorrhage can be nearly eliminated with surgical experience and specific techniques. The decision to use subdural electrodes or SEEG should be tailored to the patient’s unique pathology and surgeon experience.
Words matter: using natural language processing to predict neurosurgical residency match outcomes
Authors: Ortiz Alexander V. , Feldman Michael J. , Yengo-Kahn Aaron M. , Roth Steven G. , Dambrino Robert J. , Chitale Rohan V. , Chambless Lola B. 
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE
Narrative letters of recommendation (NLORs) are considered by neurosurgical program directors to be among the most important parts of the residency application. However, the utility of these NLORs in predicting match outcomes compared to objective measures has not been determined. In this study, the authors compare the performance of machine learning models trained on applicant NLORs and demographic data to predict match outcomes and investigate whether narrative language is predictive of standardized letter of recommendation (SLOR) rankings.

METHODS
This study analyzed 1498 NLORs from 391 applications submitted to a single neurosurgery residency program over the 2020–2021 cycle. Applicant demographics and match outcomes were extracted from Electronic Residency Application Service applications and training program websites. Logistic regression models using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator were trained to predict match outcomes using applicant NLOR text and demographics. Another model was trained on NLOR text to predict SLOR rankings. Model performance was estimated using area under the curve (AUC).

RESULTS
Both the NLOR and demographics models were able to discriminate similarly between match outcomes (AUCs 0.75 and 0.80; p = 0.13). Words including “outstanding,” “seamlessly,” and “AOA” (Alpha Omega Alpha) were predictive of match success. This model was able to predict SLORs ranked in the top 5%. Words including “highest,” “outstanding,” and “best” were predictive of the top 5% SLORs.

CONCLUSIONS
NLORs and demographic data similarly discriminate whether applicants will or will not match into a neurosurgical residency program. However, NLORs potentially provide further insight regarding applicant fit. Because words used in NLORs are predictive of both match outcomes and SLOR rankings, continuing to include narrative evaluations may be invaluable to the match process.
Adjuvant oral tranexamic acid and reoperation after burr hole surgery in patients with chronic subdural hematoma: propensity score–matched analysis using a nationwide inpatient database
Authors: Shibahashi Keita , Ohbe Hiroyuki , Yasunaga Hideo 
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE
Adjuvant medical treatment to reduce the recurrence rate after burr hole surgery for chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) has not yet been established. This study aimed to investigate the association between tranexamic acid (TXA) use after burr hole surgery and the reoperation rate in patients with CSDH.

METHODS
This observational study used the Japanese Diagnostic Procedure Combination inpatient database, a nationwide inpatient database in Japan, from July 1, 2010, to March 31, 2019. The authors identified patients who were hospitalized for CSDH and underwent burr hole surgery within 2 days of admission. The primary outcome measure was reoperation within 1 year after surgery. One-to-one propensity score–matched analysis was performed to compare the outcomes between patients who started oral TXA within 2 days after surgery (TXA users) and those who did not (TXA nonusers). Robustness of the analyses was assessed using the instrumental variable analysis.

RESULTS
Of the 149,543 patients with CSDH treated at 1100 hospitals, 7366 (4.9%) were TXA users. Propensity score matching created 6564 matched pairs with highly balanced baseline characteristics. The reoperation rate was significantly lower in TXA users than in nonusers (1.9% vs 6.1%, p < 0.001) with a risk difference of −4.1% (95% CI −4.8% to −3.4%). There was no significant difference in composite adverse events (0.6% vs 0.5%, p = 0.817). Total hospitalization costs were also significantly lower in TXA users than in nonusers ($5229 vs $5344 [USD], p < 0.001). The results of the instrumental variable analysis were consistent with those of the propensity score–matched analysis.

CONCLUSIONS
Findings of this study, using a nationwide inpatient database, suggest that adjuvant TXA use after burr hole surgery was associated with a reduced reoperation rate in patients with CSDH.
Intraoperative confocal laser endomicroscopy: prospective in vivo feasibility study of a clinical-grade system for brain tumors
Authors: Abramov Irakliy , Park Marian T. , Belykh Evgenii , Dru Alexander B. , Xu Yuan , Gooldy Timothy C. , Scherschinski Lea , Farber S. Harrison , Little Andrew S. , Porter Randall W. , Smith Kris A. , Lawton Michael T. , Eschbacher Jennifer M. , Preul Mark C. 
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE
The authors evaluated the feasibility of using the first clinical-grade confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) system using fluorescein sodium for intraoperative in vivo imaging of brain tumors.

METHODS
A CLE system cleared by the FDA was used in 30 prospectively enrolled patients with 31 brain tumors (13 gliomas, 5 meningiomas, 6 other primary tumors, 3 metastases, and 4 reactive brain tissue). A neuropathologist classified CLE images as interpretable or noninterpretable. Images were compared with corresponding frozen and permanent histology sections, with image correlation to biopsy location using neuronavigation. The specificities and sensitivities of CLE images and frozen sections were calculated using permanent histological sections as the standard for comparison. A recently developed surgical telepathology software platform was used in 11 cases to provide real-time intraoperative consultation with a neuropathologist.

RESULTS
Overall, 10,713 CLE images from 335 regions of interest were acquired. The mean duration of the use of the CLE system was 7 minutes (range 3–18 minutes). Interpretable CLE images were obtained in all cases. The first interpretable image was acquired within a mean of 6 (SD 10) images and within the first 5 (SD 13) seconds of imaging; 4896 images (46%) were interpretable. Interpretable image acquisition was positively correlated with study progression, number of cases per surgeon, cumulative length of CLE time, and CLE time per case (p ≤ 0.01). The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of CLE compared with frozen sections were 94%, 94%, and 100%, respectively, and the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of CLE compared with permanent histological sections were 92%, 90%, and 94%, respectively. No difference was observed between lesion types for the time to first interpretable image (p = 0.35). Deeply located lesions were associated with a higher percentage of interpretable images than superficial lesions (p = 0.02). The study met the primary end points, confirming the safety and feasibility and acquisition of noninvasive digital biopsies in all cases. The study met the secondary end points for the duration of CLE use necessary to obtain interpretable images. A neuropathologist could interpret the CLE images in 29 (97%) of 30 cases.

CONCLUSIONS
The clinical-grade CLE system allows in vivo, intraoperative, high-resolution cellular visualization of tissue microstructure and identification of lesional tissue patterns in real time, without the need for tissue preparation.
Natural history of posterior fetal cephaloceles and incidence of progressive cephalocele herniation
Authors: Gadgil Nisha , McClugage Samuel G. , Aldave Guillermo , Bauer David F. , Weiner Howard L. , Huisman Thierry A. G. M. , Sanz-Cortes Magdalena , Belfort Michael A. , Emrick Lisa , Clark Gary , Joyeux Luc , Whitehead William E. 
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE
In utero repair of fetal posterior cephaloceles (meningocele and encephalocele) is being performed based on the premise that fetal surgery prevents progressive herniation of neural tissue and brain damage during pregnancy. However, the extent to which progressive herniation occurs during pregnancy, specifically from prenatal diagnosis to after delivery, is not well known. The objective of this study was to describe the natural history of patients with fetal cephaloceles focusing on the incidence of progressive herniation.

METHODS
The authors conducted a retrospective cohort study of all patients referred to their center for posterior fetal cephalocele between 2006 and 2021. All patients underwent prenatal and postnatal MRI. Progressive herniation (primary outcome) was defined as an increase in the absolute volume of neural tissue within the cephalocele of > 5% or new herniation of a critical structure into the cephalocele. Total brain and cephalocele volumes were calculated to determine herniation progression from prenatal to postnatal MRI. Information on the presence of hydrocephalus, epilepsy, and developmental delay (secondary outcomes) was collected at 1 year of age.

RESULTS
Twenty patients met all study criteria. Ten patients (50%; 95% CI 0.27–0.73) demonstrated progressive herniation from prenatal to postnatal MRI. Three patients with progressive herniation were diagnosed with a meningocele prenatally and had an encephalocele postnatally. Two patients without progression had meningocele identified prenatally that regressed and became atretic by birth. Both prenatal hindbrain herniation (p = 0.03) and prenatal microcephaly (p = 0.05) were predictive of progressive herniation. The rates of hydrocephalus (44%), epilepsy (44%), and developmental delay (63%) were not associated with the occurrence of progressive herniation in this study.

CONCLUSIONS
In this study, progressive herniation was not a rare event (50%). Fetal hindbrain herniation and fetal microcephaly were associated with the occurrence of progressive herniation. These results support further investigations into why progressive herniation occurs in utero and if progressive cerebral herniation in utero plays a significant role in determining clinical outcome.
Costs of Persons with Dementia Living in Nursing Homes in The Netherlands
Authors: Klein Philip Charles Gerard , Huygens Simone , Handels Ron , Wester Valérie , Kanters Tim Andre 
Published: July 2022

Background: Disease modifying treatments (DMTs) currently under development for Alzheimer’s disease, have the potential to prevent or postpone institutionalization and more expensive care and might delay institutionalization of persons with dementia. Objective: The current study estimates costs of living in a nursing home for persons with dementia in the Netherlands to help inform economic evaluations of future DMTs. Methods: Data were collected during semi-structured interviews with healthcare professionals and from the financial administration of a healthcare organization with several nursing homes. Personnel costs were calculated using a bottom-up approach by valuing the time estimates. Non-personnel costs were calculated using information from the financial administration of the healthcare organization. Results: Total costs of a person with dementia per 24 hours, including both care staff and other healthcare providers, were € 151 for small-scale living wards and € 147 for independent living wards. Non-personnel costs were € 37 per day. Conclusion: This study provides Dutch estimates for total healthcare costs per day for institutionalized persons with dementia. These cost estimates can be used in cost-effectiveness analyses for future DMTs in dementia.
Resolving-power domination number of probabilistic neural networks
Authors: Prabhu S. , Deepa S. , Arulperumjothi M. , Susilowati Liliek , Liu Jia-Bao 
Published: July 2022

Power utilities must track their power networks to respond to changing demand and availability conditions to ensure effective and efficient operation. As a result, several power companies continuously employ phase measuring units (PMUs) to continuously check their power networks. Supervising an electric power system with the fewest possible measurement equipment is precisely the vertex covering graph-theoretic problems otherwise a variation of the dominating set problem, in which a set D is defined as a power dominating set (PDS) of a graph if it supervises every vertex and edge in the system with a couple of rules. If the distance vector eccentrically characterizes each node in G with respect to the nodes in R, then the subset R of V (G) is a resolving set of G. The problem of finding power dominating set and resolving set problems are proven to be NP-complete in general. The finite subset R of V (G) is said to be resolving-power dominating set (RPDS) if it is both resolving and power dominating set, which is another NP-complete problem. The ηp (G) is the minimal cardinality of an RPDS of a graph G. A neural network is a collection of algorithms that tries to figure out the underlying correlations in a set of data by employing a method that replicates how the human brain functions. Various neural networks have seen rapid progress in multiple fields of study during the last few decades, including neurochemistry, artificial intelligence, automatic control, and informational sciences. Probabilistic neural networks (PNNs) offer a scalable alternative to traditional back-propagation neural networks in classification and pattern recognition applications. They do not necessitate the massive forward and backward calculations that ordinary neural networks entail. This paper investigates the resolving-power domination number of probabilistic neural networks.
Improving awareness of the HCR-20 and risk assessment process
Authors: Turton Emily , Myles Liam , Lee James , Saffin Victoria , Lawson Amy 
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: In 2011 Mrs A assaulted two people, one who died. In the hours prior to the attack she made multiple attempts to gain help including attending accident and emergency, contact with an inpatient service and the police. Subsequent investigation highlighted that her risk was not well documented or understood. OBJECTIVE: This quality improvement project aimed to improve knowledge and awareness of HCR-20 risk assessments amongst mental health professionals. METHOD: The Quality Improvement approach was taken and various initiatives were introduced to improve knowledge of the location and purpose of the HCR-20 and to ensure that these risk assessments were regularly updated. RESULTS: The results indicated that knowledge relating to the HCR-20 significantly improved amongst staff and breaches of deadlines for updating these risk assessments dramatically declined after the induction of the interventions. CONCLUSION: Including the ‘risk formulation’ and ‘scenarios’ from the HCR-20 in clients’ crisis plans, introducing training relating to the HCR-20, and including discussions relating to the HCR-20 at the beginning of CPA meetings resulted in improved MDT awareness and knowledge of the HCR-20. A broader understanding and awareness of risk factors enabled the service to move towards a culture of risk being everyone’s business.