bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between early-pregnancy serum C-peptide and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a nested case–control study among Chinese women
Authors: Yang Xue , Ye Yi , Wang Yi , Wu Ping , Lu Qi , Liu Yan , Yuan Jiaying , Song Xingyue , Yan Shijiao , Qi Xiaorong , Wang Yi-Xin , Wen Ying , Liu Gang , Lv Chuanzhu , Yang Chun-Xia , Pan An , Zhang Jianli , Pan Xiong-Fei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
To examine the association of early-pregnancy serum C-peptide with incident gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and the predictive ability of maternal C-peptide for GDM.

Methods
A nested case–control study of 332 GDM cases and 664 controls was established based on the Tongji-Shuangliu Birth Cohort. The GDM cases and controls were matched at 1:2 on maternal age (± 3 years) and gestational age (± 4 weeks). Multivariable conditional logistic regression was applied to assess the association of C-peptide with risk of GDM. Partial Spearman’s correlation coefficients were estimated for the correlations between C-peptide and multiple metabolic biomarkers. C-statistics were calculated to assess the predictive ability of early-pregnancy C-peptide for GDM.

Results
Of 996 pregnant women, median maternal age was 28.0 years old and median gestational age was 11.0 weeks. After adjustment for potential confounders, the odds ratio of GDM comparing the extreme quartiles of C-peptide was 2.28 (95% confidence interval, 1.43, 3.62; P for trend < 0.001). Partial correlation coefficients ranged between 0.07 and 0.77 for the correlations of C-peptide with fasting insulin, homeostatic model of insulin resistance, leptin, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, glycosylated hemoglobin, waist–hip ratio, systolic blood pressure, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P ≤ 0.025), and were − 0.11 and − 0.17 for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and adiponectin (P < 0.001). Serum C-peptide slightly improved the predictive performance of the model with conventional predictive factors (0.66 vs. 0.63; P = 0.008).

Conclusion
While the predictive value for subsequent GDM should be validated, early-pregnancy serum C-peptide may be positively associated with risk of GDM.
A tailored bioactive 3D porous poly(lactic-acid)-exosome scaffold with osteo-immunomodulatory and osteogenic differentiation properties
Authors: Zhang Yi , Huo Mengjie , Wang Yi , Xiao Lan , Wu Jianmei , Ma Yaping , Zhang Dingmei , Lang Xuemei , Wang Xin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPolylactic acid (PLA) is a versatile and biodegradable scaffold widely used in biomedical fields to repair tissue defects. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are nano-sized extracellular vesicles, which play an important role in tissue engineering in recent years. The primary focus of this study was to develop a bioactive 3D PLA scaffold using exosome-based strategy to improve its osteogenic and immunoregulatory potential. We firstly successfully isolated MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exo). Morphological analysis revealed that MSC-Exo exhibits a typical cup-shaped morphology with high expression of exosomal marker CD63. MSC-Exo internalization into recipient cells were also investigated using flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Porous 3D PLA scaffold coated MSC-Exo were used for immunoregulatory and osteogenic testing. Exosomes released from 3D PLA scaffold were validated in RAW264.7 and hBMSCs. The cell proliferation and live/dead assay indicated high biocompatibility for PLA-Exo scaffold. Additionally, PLA-Exo scaffold could reduce the pro-inflammatory marker expression and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, indicating potential immunoregulatory potential. It is also confirmed that PLA-Exo scaffold could potentiate osteogenic differentiation in the osteogenesis assay. In conclusion, our results demonstrate this bioactive 3D-printed PLA scaffolds with MSC-Exo modification holds immunoregulatory potential and favor osteogenic differentiation, thus having potential applications in bone tissue regeneration.
Effect of invasive mechanical ventilation on the diversity of the pulmonary microbiota
Authors: Liu Chang , Wu Kang , Sun Tianyu , Chen Bin , Yi Yaxing , Ren Ruotong , Xie Lixin , Xiao Kun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPulmonary microbial diversity may be influenced by biotic or abiotic conditions (e.g., disease, smoking, invasive mechanical ventilation (MV), etc.). Specially, invasive MV may trigger structural and physiological changes in both tissue and microbiota of lung, due to gastric and oral microaspiration, altered body posture, high O2 inhalation-induced O2 toxicity in hypoxemic patients, impaired airway clearance and ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI), which in turn reduce the diversity of the pulmonary microbiota and may ultimately lead to poor prognosis. Furthermore, changes in (local) O2 concentration can reduce the diversity of the pulmonary microbiota by affecting the local immune microenvironment of lung. In conclusion, systematic literature studies have found that invasive MV reduces pulmonary microbiota diversity, and future rational regulation of pulmonary microbiota diversity by existing or novel clinical tools (e.g., lung probiotics, drugs) may improve the prognosis of invasive MV treatment and lead to more effective treatment of lung diseases with precision.
Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization Minimizes Burdensome Recurrence Rates After Newly Diagnosed Chronic Subdural Hematoma Evacuation (MEMBRANE): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hoenning Alexander , Lemcke Johannes , Rot Sergej , Stengel Dirk , Hoppe Berthold , Zappel Kristina , Schuss Patrick , Mutze Sven , Goelz Leonie 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) is the most common complication of mild traumatic brain injury demanding neurosurgery in high-income countries. If undetected and untreated, cSDH may increase intracranial pressure and cause neurological deficiencies. The first-line intervention of choice is burr hole trepanation and hematoma evacuation. However, any third patient may experience rebleeding, demanding craniotomy with excess morbidity. Adjunct endovascular embolization of the frontal and parietal branches of the middle meningeal artery (MMA) is a promising approach to avoid relapse and revision but was hitherto not studied in a randomized trial.

Methods
MEMBRANE is an investigator-initiated, single-center, randomized controlled trial. Male, female, and diverse patients older than 18 years scheduled for surgical evacuation of a first cSDH will be assigned in a 1:1 fashion by block randomization to the intervention (surgery plus endovascular MMA embolization) or the control group (surgery alone). The primary trial endpoint is cSDH recurrence within 3 months of follow-up after surgery. Secondary endpoints comprise neurological deficits assessed by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and recurrence- or intervention-associated complications during 3 months of follow-up. Assuming a risk difference of 20% of rebleeding and surgical revision, a power of 80%, and a drop-out rate of 10%, 154 patients will be enrolled onto this trial, employing an adaptive O’Brien-Fleming approach with a planned interim analysis halfway.

Discussion
The MEMBRANE trial will provide first clinical experimental evidence on the effectiveness of endovascular embolization of the MMA as an adjunct to surgery to reduce the risk of recurrence after the evacuation of cSDH.

Trial registration
German Clinical Trials Registry (Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien [DRKS]) DRKS00020465. Registered on 18 Nov 2021. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05327933. Registered on 13 Apr 2022.
Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for direct production of vitamin C from D-glucose
Authors: Tian Yong-Sheng , Deng Yong-Dong , Zhang Wen-Hui , Yu-Wang  , Xu Jing , Gao Jian-Jie , Bo-Wang  , Fu Xiao-Yan , Han Hong-Juan , Li Zhen-Jun , Wang Li-Juan , Peng Ri-He , Yao Quan-Hong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Production of vitamin C has been traditionally based on the Reichstein process and the two-step process. However, the two processes share a common disadvantage: vitamin C cannot be directly synthesized from D-glucose. Therefore, significant effort has been made to develop a one-step vitamin C fermentation process. While, 2-KLG, not vitamin C, is synthesized from nearly all current one-step fermentation processes. Vitamin C is naturally synthesized from glucose in Arabidopsis thaliana via a ten-step reaction pathway that is encoded by ten genes. The main objective of this study was to directly produce vitamin C from D-glucose in Escherichia coli by expression of the genes from the A. thaliana vitamin C biosynthetic pathway.

Results
Therefore, the ten genes of whole vitamin C synthesis pathway of A. thaliana were chemically synthesized, and an engineered strain harboring these genes was constructed in this study. The direct production of vitamin C from D-glucose based on one-step fermentation was achieved using this engineered strain and at least 1.53 mg/L vitamin C was produced in shaking flasks.

Conclusions
The study demonstrates the feasibility of one-step fermentation for the production of vitamin C from D-glucose. Importantly, the one-step process has significant advantages compared with the currently used fermentation process: it can save multiple physical and chemical steps needed to convert D-glucose to D-sorbitol; it also does not involve the associated down-streaming steps required to convert 2-KLG into vitamin C.
Comparing cardiovascular risk of patients with rheumatoid arthritis within the Social Security Disability Insurance with those commercially insured
Authors: Navarro-Millán Iris , Xie Fenglong , Crowson Cynthia S. , Safford Monika M. , Rajan Mangala , Sattui Sebastian E. , Curtis Jeffrey R. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
To compare cardiovascular disease (CVD) rates in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) beneficiaries of the Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) with commercially insured RA patients.

Method
We created three cohorts of RA patients aged < 65 years for SSDI and three for Marketscan using claims data from 2006 to 2016. The cohort definitions were as follows: (1) cohort 1: ≥ 2 diagnosis codes for RA occurring 7–365 days apart with ≥ 1 diagnosis code from a rheumatologist; (2) cohort 2: ≥ 1 diagnosis code for RA from a rheumatologist and a disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDS); and (3) cohort 3: cohort 2, plus initiation of a new biologic/tofacitinib. We used Cox regression to determine the CVD risk comparing SSDI vs. Marketscan. Models were sequentially adjusted for age and sex (model 1); model 1 + diabetes, smoking, and high CVD risk (model 2); and model 2 + dual eligible (Medicare and Medicaid), subsidy, and state buy in (model 3).

Results
There were 380,336 RA patients, mean age 53.3 (SD 8.1) years, 21–24% male. Prevalence of comorbidities was higher in SSDI vs. Marketscan. SSDI RA patients in cohort 2 (model 3) had higher CVD risk (HR 1.23 (1.14–1.33). In cohort 3 (model 3), CVD risk was not statistically significantly different between SSDI and Marketscan (HR 0.89 (0.69–1.15).

Conclusion
RA patient beneficiaries of the SSDI had higher risk for CVD events than those employed. The differences in CVD events between SSDI and Marketscan were partially attributable to differences in CVD risk factors.
Distal sacral nerve roots severed by a fragility fracture of the sacrum: a case report
Authors: Igarashi Shun , Kobayashi Takashi , Kijima Hiroaki , Miyakoshi Naohisa 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Owing to the aging population, fragility fractures of the pelvis are occurring more frequently. Fixation of the fracture and stabilization of the pelvic ring usually provide good clinical results. A case of distal sacral nerve roots severed by a fragility fracture of the sacrum is presented.

Case presentation
A 62-year-old Japanese woman with schizophrenia with low back pain, gait disorder, dysuria, and fecal incontinence presented to an emergency department, and plain X-rays showed no findings. She also complained of dysuria, and neurogenic bladder and cystitis were diagnosed. One month later, she was admitted to a psychiatric hospital for exacerbation of schizophrenia. In hospital, she had a urethral catheter inserted and spent 3 months in bed. She was referred to our orthopedic department because a gait disorder was discovered after her mental condition improved and she was permitted to walk. On examination, she could not walk and had decreased sensation from the buttocks to both posterior thighs and around the anus and perineum. Manual muscle testing of her lower limbs showed mild weakness of about 4 in bilateral flexor hallucis longus and gastrocnemius, and bilateral Achilles tendon reflexes were lost. Her anal sphincter did not contract, and urinary retention continued after urethral catheter removal. Imaging examinations showed an H-shaped sacral fracture consisting of a transverse fracture with displacement of the third sacral vertebra and vertical fractures of the bilateral sacral wings, with severe stenosis of the spinal canal at the site of the transverse fracture. The patient was diagnosed as having bladder and rectal dysfunction due to a displaced, unstable sacral fracture. First to third sacral laminectomy and alar–iliac fixation using percutaneous pedicle screws and sacral alar–iliac screws were then performed. The bilateral distal sacral nerve roots (S3, S4, S5) were completely severed at the second to third sacral levels, but bilateral second sacral nerve roots were not compressed from the bifurcation to the sacral foramen. Postoperatively, bladder and rectal dysfunction remained, but the low back pain was alleviated. Two weeks postoperatively, she could walk with a walker and was discharged. Three months after the operation, bone fusion of the fracture was observed.

Conclusions
In cases of bladder–rectal dysfunction with low back pain, the possibility of sacral fracture should be considered, and computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and X-ray examinations should be performed. Even sacral fractures without displacement require attention because they can cause serious injury in the event of a nerve root being severed if not diagnosed early and given appropriate treatment.
Improved iron use efficiency in tomato using organically coated iron oxide nanoparticles as efficient bioavailable Fe sources
Authors: Raiesi-Ardali Tahereh , Maˈmani Leila , Chorom Mostafa , Moezzi Abdolamir 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Iron [Fe] deficiency is one of the nutritional issues of plants, especially in calcareous soils in which iron-fertilizers are used to solve this obstacle. Due to the pivotal role of iron, the introduction of efficient, cost-effective, and eco-friendly strategies is necessary to prevent its deficiency in plants. The nanoparticle-based formulations may provide efficient bioavailability, subsequently, reduce the amount of the required dosage of nutrients for extended periods, and decrease the environmental risks.

Results
In this study, the effects of different iron nanoparticles (NPs) including Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4), citric acid coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@CA), humic acid coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@HA), and EDTA coated nanoparticles (Fe3O4@EDTA) were investigated as iron [Fe] sources on the vegetative growth and physiological parameters of tomato as a model plant in a soil system. The experimental results showed that the organically coated Fe3O4 NPs significantly increased the amount of [Fe] in the shoot and enhanced its growth. The highest and lowest amount of [Fe] was observed in the Fe3O4@HA NPs and control treatments, respectively. In addition, using organically coated Fe3O4 NPs, especially Fe3O4@HA increased plant growth and yield.

Conclusions
This study showed that using organically coated Fe3O4 NPs is promising for plant nutritional supplementation. In particular, the humic acid-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@HA) were determined to be the most promising, due to more benefits for plant growth and yield compared to Fe3O4 NPs. Therefore, Fe3O4@HA nanofertilizer can be introduced as an inexpensive, effective, bioavailable, and biocompatible option to address [Fe] deficiency in the soil.

Graphical Abstract
Understanding percolation phase transition behaviors in complex networks from the macro and meso-micro perspectives
Authors: Dong Gaogao , Sun Zhipeng , Sun Nannan , Wang Fan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Over the most recent twenty years, network science has bloomed and impacted different fields such as statistical physics, computer science, sociology, and so on. Studying the percolation behavior of a network system has a very important role in vital nodes identification, ranking, network resilience, and propagation behavior of networks. When a network system undergoes failures, network connectivity is broken. In this perspective, the percolation behavior of the giant connected component and finite-size connected components is explored in depth from the macroscopic and meso-microscopic views, respectively. From a macro perspective, a single network system always shows second-order phase transitions, but for a coupled network system, it shows rich percolation behaviors for various coupling strength, coupling patterns and coupling mechanisms. Although the giant component accounts for a large proportion in the real system, it cannot be neglected that when the network scale is large enough, the scale of finite-size connected components has an important influence on network connectivity. We here systematically analyze the phase transition behaviors of finite-size connected components that are different from the giant component from a meso-microscopic perspective. Studying percolation behaviors from the macro and meso-micro perspectives is helpful for a comprehensive understanding of many fields of network science, such as time-series networks, adaptive networks, and higher-order networks. The intention of this paper is to provide a frontier research progress and promising research direction of network percolation from the two perspectives, as well as the essential theory of percolation transitions on a network system.
A pendulum of induction between the epiblast and extra-embryonic endoderm supports post-implantation progression
Authors: Vrij Erik J. , Scholte op Reimer Yvonne S. , Fuentes Laury Roa , Guerreiro Isabel Misteli , Holzmann Viktoria , Aldeguer Javier Frias , Sestini Giovanni , Koo Bon-Kyoung , Kind Jop , van Blitterswijk Clemens A. , Rivron Nicolas C. 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Embryogenesis is supported by dynamic loops of cellular interactions. Here, we create a partial mouse embryo model to elucidate the principles of epiblast (Epi) and extra-embryonic endoderm co-development (XEn). We trigger naive mouse embryonic stem cells to form a blastocyst-stage niche of Epi-like cells and XEn-like cells (3D, hydrogel free and serum free). Once established, these two lineages autonomously progress in minimal medium to form an inner pro-amniotic-like cavity surrounded by polarized Epi-like cells covered with visceral endoderm (VE)-like cells. The progression occurs through reciprocal inductions by which the Epi supports the primitive endoderm (PrE) to produce a basal lamina that subsequently regulates Epi polarization and/or cavitation, which, in return, channels the transcriptomic progression to VE. This VE then contributes to Epi bifurcation into anterior- and posterior-like states. Similarly, boosting the formation of PrE-like cells within blastoids supports developmental progression. We argue that self-organization can arise from lineage bifurcation followed by a pendulum of induction that propagates over time.
Laminin 511 and WNT signalling sustain prolonged expansion of hiPSC-derived hippocampal progenitors
Authors: Dunville Keagan , Tonelli Fabrizio , Novelli Elena , Codino Azzurra , Massa Verediana , Frontino Anna Maria , Galfrè Silvia , Biondi Francesca , Gustincich Stefano , Caleo Matteo , Pandolfini Luca , Alia Claudia , Cremisi Federico 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Using the timely re-activation of WNT signalling in neuralizing human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), we have produced neural progenitor cells with a gene expression profile typical of human embryonic dentate gyrus (DG) cells. Notably, in addition to continuous WNT signalling, a specific laminin isoform is crucial to prolonging the neural stem state and to extending progenitor cell proliferation for over 200 days in vitro. Laminin 511 is indeed specifically required to support proliferation and to inhibit differentiation of hippocampal progenitor cells for extended time periods when compared with a number of different laminin isoforms assayed. Global gene expression profiles of these cells suggest that a niche of laminin 511 and WNT signalling is sufficient to maintain their capability to undergo typical hippocampal neurogenesis. Moreover, laminin 511 signalling sustains the expression of a set of genes responsible for the maintenance of a hippocampal neurogenic niche. Finally, xenograft of human DG progenitors into the DG of adult immunosuppressed host mice produces efficient integration of neurons that innervate CA3 layer cells spanning the same area of endogenous hippocampal neuron synapses.
mBeRFP: a versatile fluorescent tool to enhance multichannel live imaging and its applications
Authors: Martin Emmanuel , Suzanne Magali 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Cell and developmental biology increasingly require live imaging of protein dynamics in cells, tissues or living organisms. Thanks to the discovery and development of a panel of fluorescent proteins over the last decades, live imaging has become a powerful and commonly used approach. However, multicolor live imaging remains challenging. The generation of long Stokes shift red fluorescent proteins offers interesting new perspectives to bypass this limitation. Here, we provide a detailed characterization of mBeRFP for in vivo live imaging and its applications in Drosophila. Briefly, we show that a single illumination source is sufficient to stimulate mBeRFP and GFP simultaneously. We demonstrate that mBeRFP can be easily combined with classical green and red fluorescent proteins without any crosstalk. We also show that the low photobleaching of mBeRFP is suitable for live imaging, and that this protein can be used for quantitative applications, such as FRAP or laser ablation. Finally, we believe that this fluorescent protein, with the set of new possibilities it offers, constitutes an important tool for cell, developmental and mechano-biologists in their current research.
Major transcriptomic, epigenetic and metabolic changes underlie the pluripotency continuum in rabbit preimplantation embryos
Authors: Bouchereau Wilhelm , Jouneau Luc , Archilla Catherine , Aksoy Irène , Moulin Anais , Daniel Nathalie , Peynot Nathalie , Calderari Sophie , Joly Thierry , Godet Murielle , Jaszczyszyn Yan , Pratlong Marine , Severac Dany , Savatier Pierre , Duranthon Véronique , Afanassieff Marielle , Beaujean Nathalie 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Despite the growing interest in the rabbit model for developmental and stem cell biology, the characterization of embryos at the molecular level is still poorly documented. We conducted a transcriptome analysis of rabbit preimplantation embryos from E2.7 (morula stage) to E6.6 (early primitive streak stage) using bulk and single-cell RNA-sequencing. In parallel, we studied oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis, and analysed active and repressive epigenetic modifications during blastocyst formation and expansion. We generated a transcriptomic, epigenetic and metabolic map of the pluripotency continuum in rabbit preimplantation embryos, and identified novel markers of naive pluripotency that might be instrumental for deriving naive pluripotent stem cell lines. Although the rabbit is evolutionarily closer to mice than to primates, we found that the transcriptome of rabbit epiblast cells shares common features with those of humans and non-human primates.