bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Crisis in Venezuelan Civil-Military Relations: From Punto Fijo to the Fifth Republic
Authors: Trinkunas Harold A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFor many who thought of Venezuela as a consolidated democracy, the 1992 coup attempts came as a complete surprise. Those familiar with the deterioration of its democratic regime, in contrast, were more surprised that the coups did not succeed. This article provides an institution-centered explanation of the puzzle of why the 1992 coup attempts occurred, why they failed, and why the Venezuelan military has remained quiescent in the years that followed. Institutions of civilian control created during the post-1958 “Punto Fijo” period, particularly those based on fragmenting the officer corps, prevented the collapse of the democratic regime in 1992. These same institutions allowed civilians to regain authority over the armed forces during the Rafael Caldera administration and have ensured the subordination of the armed forces to elected authorities to the present. It is also argued that the institutional basis for civilian control has been dismantled during the Fifth Republic, heightening the likelihood of future civil-military conflict and threatening regime stability.
Ecologically Noble Amerindians?: Cattle Ranching and Cash Cropping among Shuar and Colonists in Ecuador
Authors: Rudel Thomas K. , Bates Diane , Machinguiashi Rafael 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObservers have argued that as indigenous peoples become more acculturated and their reserves more populous, they begin to exploit tropical rain forests much as colonists and other outsiders do. The history of changes in land use between 1950 and 1980 among the Shuar, an indigenous group in the Ecuadorian Amazon, would appear to support this convergence thesis. The Shuar began to clear land, plant pastures, and acquire cattle, much like their mestizo competitors for land. Using survey and remote-sensing data for a later period, from 1987 to 1997, we demonstrate that convergence has given way to divergence in land-use trends among the two groups. While mestizo smallholders throughout the region continue to rely on cattle ranching, Shuar smallholders close to roads have begun to reforest their lands and cultivate former garden crops like coffee and cacao as cash crops. These recent trends in Shuar land use suggest that even when Amerindians become more acculturated, they still maintain more biologically diverse landscapes than their mestizo neighbors.
Subalterns, Signifiers, and Statistics: Perspectives on Mexican Historiography
Authors: Knight Alan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis essay comments on the “new cultural history” of Mexico and the debate recently conducted between critics and protagonists of the genre in the Hispanic American Historical Review. After a scene-setting preamble, the essay consists of three substantive parts. First, in considering what the new cultural history is and what degree of novelty it might claim, the essay identifies and critiques seven features of the genre: its concern for subalterns, agency, political engagement, the reinsertion of politics, mentalities, texts, and interdisciplinary influences. Second, the essay addresses the style and semantics of the new cultural history, in particular its penchant for buzzwords and jargon. Third, the article turns to the major critic of the genre, Stephen Haber, and considers his preferred alternative (so-called scientific history). The essay argues that while Haber's critique is often persuasive, it is also in places misconceived, perhaps exaggerated, and tending toward a narrow positivism. Historiography, the essay unoriginally concludes, need not be falsely polarized between narrow positivism and fashionable postmodernism.
With All Due Respect: Popular Resistance to the Privatization of Communal Lands in Nineteenth-Century Michoacán
Authors: Purnell Jennie 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThearticle explores popular opposition to the nineteenth-century liberallaws thatmandated privatization ofthecommunal lands held byIndian communities in Mexico. It argues that peasants in Michoactin responded to the reparto withacomplex mixtureof resistance, negotiation, andaccommodation in attempts to retain local control over the definition and distribution of property rights and to defend local religious and political institutions. The first section provides a briefoverview of liberal thinkingand legislation on the privatization of communal lands, highlighting the legal and ideological ambiguities and contradictions that provided opportunities for resistance and negotiation. The second section explores howand why peasants sooften opposed the reparto in Michoacdn, stressing the complex natureof popular resistance and state responses to it. Thethirdsection offers a briefoverview of nineteenth-century agrarian development in Michoactin as background for thetwo case studies of the politics of privatization at thelocal level. Zacapu peasants managed to delay thereparto for thirty-five years but ended up losing muchof theirlandto statetax officials and neighboring landowners. SanJuan Parangaricutiro successfully retained its substantial woodlands as communal property, evenas local mestizo elites appropriatedthe best of cultivated landas private property. Thearticle concludes with a comparative analysis of the liberal reparto in the two communities, linking the different outcomes to peasant partisanship in theagrarian andpolitical struggles of theMexican Revolution.
Mining Markets, Peasants, and Power in Nineteenth-Century Peru
Authors: Deustua José 
Published: October 2022

“Jauja, rinconcito de mi valle.”Andean folk song, Juan BolívarThe military government of General Juan Velasco Alvarado (1968-1975) coined the phrase, “¡Campesino, el patrón no comerá más de tu pobreza!” (“Peasant, the patrón will feed no more on your poverty”). Clearly a favorite slogan of the self-described “Peruvian Revolution,” this saying appeared frequently on posters and in newspaper notices. Although linked to Velasco's agrarian reform program and peasant organizations like the Confederación Nacional Agraria (CNA), which emerged from the plan, this aphorism was said to have originated with José Ga-Mejía,La reforma agraria en el Perú(Lima: Instituto de Estudios Peruanos, 1980). I take the agrarian reform process into consideration because of its impact on my generation, which experienced all of its effects intensely.
What Is the Color of the Holy Spirit? Pentecostalism and Black Identity in Brazil
Authors: Burdick John 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFor the past twenty years, the organized black consciousness movement in Brazil has argued that Protestant Christianity is a highly assimilationist religion that pushes black converts to abandon their racial identity and seek incorporation into dominant white culture. The present study, based on a year of ethnographic fieldwork in Rio de Janeiro, challenges this view. By analyzing how Pentecostal churches address the issues of appearance, color, courtship, and womanhood, this research note argues that although evangelical Christianity involves a variety of beliefs that are incompatible with a strong ethnic identity, this religion also includes a range of ideas and practices that nourish rather than corrode black identity. The essay concludes by exploring the historic potential of several churches that have made the intersection of faith and race an explicit part of their agenda.
The Strengths and Limits of the NGO Women's Movement Model: Shaping Nicaragua's Democratic Institutions
Authors: Ewig Christina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article examines the political interactions in Nicaragua between the NGO-based feminist movement and government institutions on the issue of women's health in the mid-1990s. Analysis of the Nicaraguan feminist movement yields insight into the ability of NGO-based movements to influence state policy and into the strengths and limits of using NGOs as an institutional base on which to build a social movement. By defining the mechanisms of state-NGO interactions and analyzing the democratic potential of an NGO-based social movement, this article contributes to understanding of both NGOs and social movements in the context of newly democratic governments.
Historical Archives of the Republic of Panama
Authors: Meding Holger M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDespite the significance of the Panama Canal in the maritime economy, the Republic of Panama has not yet been studied adequately, particularly its domestic archives. After a critique of existing historical writing on major Panamanian topics, problems, and deficiencies, this research note provides a brief history of the national archives in Panama and the most significant private collections. The coverage identifies the contents, subdivisions, and shortcomings of these archives as well as finding aids and catalogues. It also describes the most relevant published sources on the history of the Isthmian Republic, including government publications, periodicals and newspapers, and compilations.
Tribal land alienation and Adivasis’ struggle for autonomy: The case of Bhadrachalam Scheduled Area, Telangana, India
Authors: Benbabaali Dalel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBased on a case study of the Bhadrachalam Scheduled Area of Telangana, this article argues that the Adivasis of Central India seek autonomy as a response to their dispossession and to the accumulation of capital taking place in their resource-rich territories. The two main factors that have curtailed Adivasi autonomy through land alienation are analysed. The first is a process of agricultural colonization, wherein settlers belonging to agrarian dominant castes have moved into Adivasi territory and acquired tribal lands, thus dispossessing the original owners and reducing them to daily wage labourers. The second process is the industrialization of tribal areas where raw material is available and manpower is cheap, allowing for rapid accumulation through the exploitation of both nature and labour. Adivasis’ struggle for autonomy is therefore a way to reclaim control over their own resources and to preserve their distinct identity.
Data-driven model predictive control of underactuated ships with unknown dynamics in confined waterways
Authors: Li Shijie , Xu Chengqi , Liu Jialun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractInland waterway transportation is one of the most important means to transport cargo in rivers and canals. To facilitate autonomous navigation for ships in inland waterways, this paper proposes a data-driven approach for predictions and control of underactuated ships with unknown dynamics, which integrates model predictive control (MPC) with an iterative learning control (ILC) scheme. In each iteration, kernel-based linear regressors are used to identify the relations between the evolution of ship states and control inputs based on the stored data from previous iterations and the collected data during operation, so as to build the system prediction model. The data are dynamically used to fix the prediction model over iterations, as well as to improve the controller performance until it converges. The proposed approach does not require prior knowledge regarding the hydrodynamic coefficients and ship parameters, but learns from the data instead. In addition, it exploits the advantages of MPC in handling constraints with minimised overall cost. Simulation results show that the controller could start from a nominal, linear data-driven ship model and then learn to reduce the path-following errors based on the data obtained over iterations.
Dispersion Processes in Weakly Dissipative Tidal Channels
Authors: De Leo A. , Tambroni N. , Stocchino A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe report the results of an extensive experimental campaign dedicated to the analysis of turbulent dispersion owing to the circulations in tidal environments, characterized by a tidal inlet and a channel with lateral tidal flats. We focus on weakly‐convergent and weakly‐dissipative estuaries or tidal embankments, where the internal waters communicate with the open sea through an inlet mouth. Tides are reproduced as single or multiple harmonics waves. Particle Image Velocimetry is employed to measure two‐dimensional surface velocity fields. Large‐scale macro‐vortices, generated by vortex shedding during the flood phase from the inlet barrier, tend to occupy the entire tidal flats width and are completely flushed out during the ebb phase. In all experiments, an intense residual current, with shape influenced by the large‐scale flood vortices, is observed. The presence of large‐scale vortices and of a residual current strongly influences the Lagrangian auto‐correlation functions and the corresponding absolute dispersion time evolution. Looping auto‐correlations are the signature of both periodic forcing and vortices, ultimately, leading to super diffusive regimes. An asymptotic Brownian regime is always found for the investigated range of parameters allowing for an estimate of the horizontal dispersion coefficients which turn out to decrease with the friction parameter and tend to be enhanced when the semi‐diurnal constituents prevail. Finally, multiple particle statistics show multiple regimes depending on particle separations, compared to a typical injection length scale that seems to coincide with the inlet mouth dimension.
The relationship of adverse childhood experiences, hair cortisol, C-reactive protein, and polygenic susceptibility with older adults’ psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Taylor Katie S. , Steptoe Andrew , Iob Eleonora 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAdverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are linked to poorer mental health outcomes, and growing evidence implicates biological and genetic pathways from early adversity to psychopathology. However, little is known about the relationship of ACEs and their underlying biological and genetic mechanisms with older people’s mental health responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. We tested the associations of ACEs, hair cortisol, C-reactive protein (CRP), and polygenic scores (PGS) with depression, anxiety, and loneliness among older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic, accounting for the potential interplay of ACEs with biological and genetic risk markers. Data were drawn from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, a prospective cohort study of older adults living in England. Retrospective information on ACEs were collected in 2006/7, while CRP and hair cortisol were measured at wave 6 (2012/13). Psychological distress was assessed before the pandemic (2018–19) and at two COVID-19 assessments in 2020 (June-July and November-December). Associations were tested on 2050 participants using linear/logistic regression models adjusted for pre-pandemic outcome measures and mixed-effect models to assess changes before and during the pandemic. The results showed that ACEs were associated with higher levels of depression (OR = 2.55[95%CI:1.81,3.59]) anxiety (OR = 1.84[95%CI:1.13,3.01]), and loneliness (b = 0.28[95%CI:0.14,0.42]) during the pandemic. Hair cortisol was related to an increased risk of depression (OR = 1.15[95%CI:1.04,1.26]), and CRP was associated with greater loneliness scores (b = 0.16[95%CI:0.03,0.30]). The relationship between cortisol and psychological distress was larger among participants with ACEs (e.g., ORdepression = 1.07[95%CI:1.00,1.14]). Further, individuals with high CRP experienced greater increases in feelings of loneliness from before to during the pandemic, compared to those with lower CRP levels (interaction effect=0.23; 95%CI:0.1–0.37). Individuals with 2+ ACEs experienced greater increases in depressive symptoms compared to those with none (interaction effect=2.09; 95%CI:1.1–3.98). Higher levels of hair cortisol were also related to worse changes in depressive symptoms across timepoints (interaction effect=1.84;95%CI:1.41–2.41). These results highlight the lasting impact of biosocial vulnerabilities on older adults’ mental health responses to new environmental stressors. They also implicate biological mechanisms in the pathophysiology of later-life psychological distress.
Taste perception and food preferences in patients with diabetic foot ulcers before and after hyperbaric oxygen therapy
Authors: Hartman-Petrycka Magdalena , Knefel Grzegorz , Lebiedowska Agata , Nowak Mariusz , Błońska-Fajfrowska Barbara 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on taste perception and food preferences in patients with diabetic foot ulcers.

Methods
The study involved 75 healthy people (Group C) and 23 patients with diabetic foot ulcers before HBOT (Group Db) and after 25–30 HBOT treatments (Group Da) (2.5 ATA, 87 min). The sip and spit method was used to examine the taste perception for 5 basic flavours. Food preferences were studied using photographs of dishes.

Results
The recognition thresholds in Group C were lower than in Group Db for 5 basic flavours. The taste intensity in Group C was higher than in Group Db for: 0.1% and 1.0% monosodium glutamate, 0.02% citric acid, and 0.002% quinine hydrochloride. The hedonic response in Group C was more negative than in Group Db for: 0.18% sodium chloride, 0.3% monosodium glutamate and 0.1% citric acid. The pleasure derived from eating in Group C was lower than in Group Db for sour and salty products. The recognition thresholds in Group Db were higher than in Group Da for umami and sour. The taste intensity in Group Db was lower than in Group Da for: 0.1%, 0.3% and 1.0% monosodium glutamate. The pleasure derived from eating in Group Db was higher than in Group Da for chocolate and crisps.

Conclusions
In people with diabetic foot ulcers, an impaired all 5 basic tastes occurred with different food preferences compared to healthy people. HBOT causes beneficial changes resulting in increased sensitivity to umami and sour taste as well as a decrease in the pleasure derived from eating chocolate and crisps.
Genome engineering for estrogen receptor mutations reveals differential responses to anti-estrogens and new prognostic gene signatures for breast cancer
Authors: Harrod Alison , Lai Chun-Fui , Goldsbrough Isabella , Simmons Georgia M. , Oppermans Natasha , Santos Daniela B. , Győrffy Balazs , Allsopp Rebecca C. , Toghill Bradley J. , Balachandran Kirsty , Lawson Mandy , Morrow Christopher J. , Surakala Manasa , Carnevalli Larissa S. , Zhang Pei , Guttery David S. , Shaw Jacqueline A. , Coombes R. Charles , Buluwela Lakjaya , Ali Simak 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMutations in the estrogen receptor (ESR1) gene are common in ER-positive breast cancer patients who progress on endocrine therapies. Most mutations localise to just three residues at, or near, the C-terminal helix 12 of the hormone binding domain, at leucine-536, tyrosine-537 and aspartate-538. To investigate these mutations, we have used CRISPR-Cas9 mediated genome engineering to generate a comprehensive set of isogenic mutant breast cancer cell lines. Our results confirm that L536R, Y537C, Y537N, Y537S and D538G mutations confer estrogen-independent growth in breast cancer cells. Growth assays show mutation-specific reductions in sensitivities to drugs representing three classes of clinical anti-estrogens. These differential mutation- and drug-selectivity profiles have implications for treatment choices following clinical emergence of ER mutations. Our results further suggest that mutant expression levels may be determinants of the degree of resistance to some anti-estrogens. Differential gene expression analysis demonstrates up-regulation of estrogen-responsive genes, as expected, but also reveals that enrichment for interferon-regulated gene expression is a common feature of all mutations. Finally, a new gene signature developed from the gene expression profiles in ER mutant cells predicts clinical response in breast cancer patients with ER mutations.
Single-cell dissection of remodeled inflammatory ecosystem in primary and metastatic gallbladder carcinoma
Authors: Wang Xiang , Liu Chunliang , Chen Jianan , Chen Lei , Ren Xianwen , Hou Minghui , Cui Xiuliang , Jiang Youhai , Liu Erdong , Zong Yali , Duan Anqi , Fu Xiaohui , Yu Wenlong , Zhao Xiaofang , Yang Zhao , Zhang Yongjie , Fu Jing , Wang Hongyang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGallbladder carcinoma (GBC) is the most common biliary tract malignancy with the lowest survival rate, primarily arising from chronic inflammation. To better characterize the progression from inflammation to cancer to metastasis, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing across samples of 6 chronic cholecystitis, 12 treatment-naive GBCs, and 6 matched metastases. Benign epithelial cells from inflamed gallbladders displayed resting, immune-regulating, and gastrointestinal metaplastic phenotypes. A small amount of PLA2G2A+ epithelial cells with copy number variation were identified from a histologically benign sample. We validated significant overexpression of PLA2G2A across in situ GBCs, together with increased proliferation and cancer stemness in PLA2G2A-overexpressing GBC cells, indicating an important role for PLA2G2A during early carcinogenesis. Malignant epithelial cells displayed pervasive cancer hallmarks and cellular plasticity, differentiating into metaplastic, inflammatory, and mesenchymal subtypes with distinct transcriptomic, genomic, and prognostic patterns. Chronic cholecystitis led to an adapted microenvironment characterized by MDSC-like macrophages, CD8+ TRM cells, and CCL2+ immunity-regulating fibroblasts. By contrast, GBC instigated an aggressive and immunosuppressive microenvironment, featured by tumor-associated macrophages, Treg cells, CD8+ TEX cells, and STMN1+ tumor-promoting fibroblasts. Single-cell and bulk RNA-seq profiles consistently showed a more suppressive immune milieu for GBCs with inflammatory epithelial signatures, coupled with strengthened epithelial-immune crosstalk. We further pinpointed a subset of senescence-like fibroblasts (FN1+TGM2+) preferentially enriched in metastatic lesions, which promoted GBC migration and invasion via their secretory phenotype. Collectively, this study provides comprehensive insights into epithelial and microenvironmental reprogramming throughout cholecystitis-propelled carcinogenesis and metastasis, laying a new foundation for the precision therapy of GBC.