bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Neuromuscular Function of Mechanically Ventilated ICU COVID-19 Patients*
Authors: Millet Guillaume Y. , Kennouche Djahid , Foschia Clément , Brownstein Callum G. , Gondin Julien , Lapole Thomas , Rimaud Diana , Royer Nicolas , Thiery Guillaume , Gauthier Vincent , Oujamaa Lydia , Sorg Marine , Vergès Samuel , Doutreleau Stéphane , Marillier Mathieu , Prudent Mélanie , Bitker Laurent , Féasson Léonard , Gergelé Laurent , Stauffer Emeric , Guichon Céline , Morel Jérôme 
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVES:
The aim of the current study was to investigate the level of cardiorespiratory fitness and neuromuscular function of ICU survivors after COVID-19 and to examine whether these outcomes are related to ICU stay/mechanical ventilation duration.

DESIGN:
Prospective nonrandomized study.

SETTING:
Patients hospitalized in ICU for COVID-19 infection.

PATIENTS:
Sixty patients hospitalized in ICU (mean duration: 31.9 ± 18.2 d) were recruited 4–8 weeks post discharge from ICU.

INTERVENTIONS:
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Patients visited the laboratory on two separate occasions. The first visit was dedicated to quality of life questionnaire, cardiopulmonary exercise testing, whereas measurements of the knee extensors neuromuscular function were performed in the second visit. Maximal oxygen uptake (Vo
2max) was 18.3 ± 4.5 mL·min–1·kg-1, representing 49% ± 12% of predicted value, and was significantly correlated with ICU stay/mechanical ventilation (MV) duration (R = –0.337 to –0.446; p < 0.01 to 0.001), as were maximal voluntary contraction and electrically evoked peak twitch. Vo
2max (either predicted or in mL· min–1·kg-1) was also significantly correlated with key indices of pulmonary function such as predicted forced vital capacity or predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second (R = 0.430–0.465; p ≤ 0.001) and neuromuscular function. Both cardiorespiratory fitness and neuromuscular function were correlated with self-reported physical functioning and general health status.

CONCLUSIONS:
Vo
2max was on average only slightly above the 18 mL·min–1·kg-1, that is, the cut-off value known to induce difficulty in performing daily tasks. Overall, although low physical capacities at admission in ICU COVID-19 patients cannot be ruled out to explain the association between Vo
2max or neuromuscular function and ICU stay/MV duration, altered cardiorespiratory fitness and neuromuscular function observed in the present study may not be specific to COVID-19 disease but seem applicable to all ICU/MV patients of similar duration.
Objectively confirmed gastroesophageal reflux disease and risk of atrial fibrillation: a population-based cohort study in Sweden
Authors: Maret-Ouda John , Santoni Giola , Xie Shaohua , Rosengren Annika , Lagergren Jesper 
Published: September 2022

Objective
This study aimed to determine the risk of atrial fibrillation in patients with objectively confirmed GERD.

Methods
This was a nationwide population-based cohort study between 2005 and 2018, including the majority (n = 8 421 115) of all Swedish adult residents (≥18 years). Within this cohort, the exposed group were all individuals with a diagnosis of esophagitis or Barrett’s esophagus, and the unexposed group was made up of five times as many individuals without any GERD, matched by age, sex, and calendar year. The outcome was the first diagnosis of atrial fibrillation. Cox regression provided hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusted for confounders.

Results
Among 118 013 individuals with esophagitis or Barrett’s esophagus and 590 065 without GERD, 7042 (6.0%) and 40 962 (6.9%) developed atrial fibrillation, respectively. The risk of atrial fibrillation among patients with GERD was 13% increased within the first year of diagnosis (HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.06–1.20), but was not increased after that. Among individuals aged less than 60 years, the HR of atrial fibrillation was 55% increased within the first year of diagnosis (HR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.27–1.88), and this association remained increased after the first year (HR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.06–1.22). No association was found in older participants (≥60 years). Results were similar in men and women.

Conclusion
This large population-based cohort study indicates that objectively determined GERD increases the risk of atrial fibrillation shortly after diagnosis in men and women younger than 60 years.
The Use of Blended Diets in Children With Enteral Feeding Tubes
Authors: Köglmeier Jutta , Assecaira Ines , Banci Elena , De Koning Barbara , Haiden Nadja , Indrio Flavia , Kastelijn Wendy , Kennedy Denise , Luque Veronica , Norsa Lorenzo , Verduci Elvira , Sugar Analou 
Published: September 2022

Objectives:This joint position paper of the Committees of Allied Health Professionals (CAHP) and Nutrition (CON) of the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) provides a comprehensive guide for health professionals to manage blended diets in children via gastrostomy tubes.Methods:A systematic literature search was performed from 1992 to 2021 using Pubmed, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and recent guidelines reviewed. In the absence of evidence, recommendations reflect the authors’ expert opinion. Final consensus was obtained by multiple e‐mail exchange and virtual meetings of the CAHP and CON.Results:Reported benefits of blended diets include reduced GERD and infections, improved defecation, level of alertness and attention span, skin conditions, and appearance of hair and nails. Families report a sense of greater normality. Small case series, cross‐sectional surveys, questionnaire‐based small case studies, reports of personal experience, and single‐center pilot studies are available in the medical literature. A total of 20 recommendations for practice were made based on the results and consensus process.Conclusions:There is little evidence published to formally inform about the potential health benefits or risks of this practice and how to use it in the best way. This leaves health professionals caring for such patients in a relative vacuum regarding what to consider when providing a duty of care to patients and carers who wish to pursue this method of feeding. This article provides guidelines for safe and appropriate use of a BD, but more research is needed.
Computed Tomography Angiography Quantification of Intracranial and Extracranial Vascular Narrowing in Ischemic Stroke: Differences Between Patients With and Without Illicit Drug Use
Authors: Bonfante-Mejia Eliana , Calle Susana , Nunez-Rubiano Luis , Aein Azin , Zhang Xu , Jagolino-Cole Amanda 
Published: September 2022

Objective
Previous studies have linked illicit drug consumption and stroke. The purpose of this study is to identify specific imaging findings depicted on computed tomography angiography on patients with illicit drug-associated stroke.

Methods
This is a retrospective case-control study that included ischemic stroke patients. Subjects who tested positive for cocaine or marijuana were considered as cases, while patients who tested negative were included as controls. Matching of the controls was carried out based on the presence of stroke risk factors. A previously validated scale was used to calculate narrowing scores through computed tomography angiography. Comparison between cases and matched controls was evaluated by paired t test for age and body mass index, and by Wilcoxon signed rank test for intracranial, extracranial, and total scores.

Results
One hundred seventy-four patients were included in the study, 87 subjects for each group. Because of matching, baseline status differed only on body mass index, with a greater proportion of obese subjects among controls (P < 0.016). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that it is more likely to find any intracranial abnormality among cocaine consumers when compared with controls (P = 0.041).

Conclusions
By using computed tomography angiography, we found that stroke patients with history of cocaine consumption had a higher incidence of intracranial circulation narrowing compared with matched controls.
A multicenter, randomized, blinded, controlled clinical trial investigating the effect of a novel infant formula on the body composition of infants: INNOVA 2020 study protocol
Authors: Ruiz-Ojeda Francisco Javier , Plaza-Díaz Julio , Morales Javier , Cristina de la Torre Ana Isabel , García-García Antonio , de Prado Carlos Nuñez , Coronel Cristóbal , Crespo Cyntia , Ortega Eduardo , Martín-Pérez Esther , Ferreira Fernando , García-Ron Gema , Galicia Ignacio , Santos-García Cuéllar María Teresa , Maroto Marcos , Ruiz Paola , Martín Raquel , Viver-Gómez Susana , Gil Ángel 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundBreastmilk is the ideal food for infants and exclusive breastfeeding is recommended. In the clinical trial aimed to evaluate a new starting formula on weight gain of infants up to 6 and 12 months. The novel formula was compared with a standard formula and breastfeeding, the latter being used as the reference method.Methods210 infants (70/group) were enrolled in the study, and completed the intervention until 12 months of age. For the intervention period, infants were divided into three groups: group 1 received the formula 1 (Nutribén Innova®1 or INN), with a lower amount of protein, and enriched in α-lactalbumin protein, and with double amount of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)/ arachidonic acid (ARA) than the standard formula; it also contained a thermally inactivated postbiotic (Bifidobacterium animalissubsp.lactis, BPL1™ HT). Group 2 received the standard formula or formula 2 (Nutriben® or STD) and the third group was exclusively breastfed for exploratory analysis. During the study, visits were made at 21 days, 2, 4, 6, and 12 months of age, with ± 3 days for the visit at 21 days of age, ± 1 week for the visit at 2 months, and ± 2 weeks for the others.DiscussionThe findings of this study will provide evidence regarding the beneficial health effects of having a novel starting infant formula with reduced levels of protein, enriched in α-lactalbumin, and increased levels of DHA and ARA, and containing a postbiotic, compared with infants fed standard formula.Trial registrationThe trial was registered withClinicaltrial.gov(NCT05303077) on March 31, 2022, and lastly updated on April 7, 2022.
Automatic assessment of mammographic density using a deep transfer learning method
Authors: Squires Steven , Harkness Elaine , Evans D. Gareth , Astley Susan M 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeMammographic breast density is one of the strongest risk factors for cancer. Density assessed by radiologists using visual analogue scales has been shown to provide better risk predictions than other methods. Our purpose is to build automated models using deep learning and train on radiologist scores to make accurate and consistent predictions.ApproachWe used a data-set of almost 160,000 mammograms each with two independent density scores made by expert medical practitioners. We used two pre-trained deep networks and adapted them to produce feature vectors which were then used for both linear and non-linear regression to make density predictions. We also simulated an “optimal method” which allowed us to compare the quality of our results with a simulated upper bound on performance.ResultsOur deep learning method produced estimates with a Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) of 8.79 ± 0.21. The model estimates of cancer risk perform at a similar level to human experts, within uncertainty bounds. We made comparisons between different model variants and demonstrated the high level of consistency of the model predictions. Our modelled “optimal method” produced image predictions with a RMSE of between 7.98 and 8.90 for cranial caudal images.ConclusionWe demonstrated a new deep learning framework based upon a transfer learning approach to make density estimates based on radiologists’ visual scores. Our approach requires modest computational resources and has the potential to be trained with limited quantities of data.
Duplicated zebrafish (Danio rerio) inositol phosphatases inpp5ka and inpp5kb diverged in expression pattern and function
Authors: Shukla Dhyanam , Gural Brian M. , Cauley Edmund S. , Roberts Llion E. , Karas Brittany F. , Cavallo Luca , Turkalj Luka , Moody Sally A. , Swan Laura E. , Manzini M. Chiara 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOne hurdle in the development of zebrafish models of human disease is the presence of multiple zebrafish orthologs resulting from whole genome duplication in teleosts. Mutations in Inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase K (INPP5K) lead to a syndrome characterized by variable presentation of intellectual disability, brain abnormalities, cataracts, muscle disease, and short stature. INPP5K is a phosphatase acting at position 5 of phosphoinositides to control their homeostasis and is involved in insulin signaling, cytoskeletal regulation, and protein trafficking. Previously, our group and others have replicated the human phenotypes in zebrafish knockdown models by targeting both INPP5K orthologs inpp5ka and inpp5kb. Here, we show that inpp5ka is the more closely related orthologue to human INPP5K. While both inpp5ka and inpp5kb mRNA expression levels follow a similar trend in the developing head, eyes, and tail, inpp5ka is much more abundantly expressed in these tissues than inpp5kb. In situ hybridization revealed a similar trend, also showing unique localization of inpp5kb in the pineal gland indicating different transcriptional regulation. We also found that inpp5kb has lost its catalytic activity against its preferred substrate, PtdIns(4,5)P2. Since most human mutations are missense changes disrupting phosphatase activity, we propose that loss of inpp5ka alone can be targeted to recapitulate the human presentation. In addition, we show that the function of inpp5kb has diverged from inpp5ka and may play a novel role in the zebrafish.
Specific sensory neurons and insulin-like peptides modulate food type-dependent oogenesis and fertilization inCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Mishra Shashwat , Dabaja Mohamed , Akhlaq Asra , Pereira Bianca , Marbach Kelsey , Rovcanin Mediha , Chandra Rashmi , Caballero Antonio , de Abreu Diana Fernandes , Ch’ng QueeLim , Alcedo Joy 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAn animal’s responses to environmental cues are critical for its reproductive program. Thus, a mechanism that allows the animal to sense and adjust to its environment should make for a more efficient reproductive physiology. Here we demonstrate that inCaenorhabditis elegansspecific sensory neurons influence onset of oogenesis through insulin signaling in response to food-derived cues. The chemosensory neurons ASJ modulate oogenesis onset through the insulin-like peptide (ILP) INS-6. In contrast, other sensory neurons, the olfactory neurons AWA, regulate food type-dependent differences inC. elegansfertilization rates, but not onset of oogenesis. AWA modulates fertilization rates at least partly in parallel to insulin receptor signaling, since the insulin receptor DAF-2 regulates fertilization independently of food type, which requires ILPs other than INS-6. Together our findings suggest that optimal reproduction requires the integration of diverse food-derived inputs through multiple neuronal signals acting on theC. elegansgermline.
Determinants of Health-Related Quality of Life (HrQoL) of People living with HIV Based on Sexual Orientation
Authors: Sitorus Rico Januar , Antara Nyoman Yudi , Sangalang Reymart V. , Panjaitan Merry Natalia , Fauk Nelsensius Klau 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has detrimental impacts on the lives of different population groups living with HIV, including men who have sex with men (MSM). Using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL – HIV BREF), this study aimed to assess the Health-Related Quality of Life (HrQoL) of men living with HIV with different sexual orientations and determine the dominant influential factors.MethodsThis cross-sectional study involved 206 men living with HIV. They were recruited from Sriwijaya Plus Foundation and a medical facility providing antiretroviral therapy (ART). Data were analyzed using Chi-square and binomial logistic regression.ResultsThe analysis showed that the percentage of MSM patients was more than non-MSM/heterosexual men, accounting for 68.9% of the total population. Furthermore, depression status, social stigma, family support, therapy duration, and suffering duration were significantly associated with the quality of life of MSM and non-MSM (p-value <0.001). The multivariate logistic regression revealed that the most dominant influential factor was depression status (PR=5.417; 95% CI=2.473-11.876), where the majority of the depressed patients were 5.417 times more at risk of lower life quality compared to others.ConclusionDepression can lead to low quality of life among HIV patients. The findings suggest that there is a need for the development of intervention programs that address the psychological and social needs of PLHIV or support them to cope with depression and the social stigma facing them. Support from families and health workers can help them cope with psychological and social challenges faced by PLHIV and increase community acceptance of PLHIV.
Punching effects on local magnetic properties near the edge of nonoriented electrical steels
Authors: Zhang Changgeng , Yang Lan , Li Yongjian 
Published: September 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of punching on the local magnetic properties of the nonoriented electrical steel sheet.

Design/methodology/approach
A microcomposite B–H sensor consisting of a pair of B probes with a spacing of 2 mm and a 1.8 × 1.8 mm2 H coil is designed. The region and degree of local magnetic properties degradation caused by punching can be quantitatively analyzed by flexibly moving the composite B–H sensor. The influence and physical mechanism of punching on the hysteresis loss, eddy current loss and excess loss are analyzed based on the Bertotti loss separation theory.

Findings
This study investigates the deterioration effect of the punched nonoriented electrical steel. The permeability near the edge decreases, and the core loss as well as the microhardness increases. The region of magnetic property deterioration is dependent on the area of work hardening.

Originality/value
The microcomposite B–H sensor can be used to measure the magnetic properties near the edge of electrical steel sheets under different processing conditions. This study provides the possibility of precise magnetic property model of the motor core after punching, especially valuable for motors without annealing process.
Caring for those in your charge: the role of servant leadership and compassion in managing bullying in the workplace
Authors: Ahmad Saima , Islam Talat , D'Cruz Premilla , Noronha Ernesto 
Published: September 2022

Purpose
Adapting a positive business ethics framework, the purpose of this paper is to offer a new perspective to manage bullying at work. Specifically, this paper reports an empirical study which examines how the good work of servant leadership may lower employees’ exposure to workplace bullying, with compassion as a mediator and social cynicism beliefs (SCBs) as a moderator.

Design/methodology/approach
Survey data were gathered from 337 essential health professionals working in various public and private health-care organisations in Pakistan. Structural equation modelling was used to test the research model.

Findings
This study found that perceived servant leadership helps in lessening employee exposure to workplace bullying by strengthening their compassion. However, SCBs moderate the mediating role of compassion in employees’ perceptions of the servant leadership–bullying relationship.

Research limitations/implications
This study has implications in developing models of leadership to build employees’ empathetic resources to combat workplace bullying. The authors found that servant leadership and workplace compassion, embodying positive, ethical and sustainable attributes, play a crucial role in managing bullying at work by promoting relational dignity.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that examines the relationships between employee perceptions of servant leadership, workplace bullying and employee compassion while considering SCBs as a boundary condition.
Testing Okun’s law at sectoral level: evidence from Nigeria
Authors: Raifu Isiaka Akande 
Published: September 2022

Purpose
Researchers have long been interested in testing the validity of Okun’s law due to its macroeconomic policy implications. However, most of the studies have focused on testing the law using aggregate data on unemployment and output. In recent times, attention has been shifted to testing the law at the sectoral level. In light of this, the purpose of this study is to examine the response of unemployment to sectoral outputs in Nigeria using the data that covers a period from 1981-2020.

Design/methodology/approach
To test the validity of Okun’s law at the sectoral level, both difference and gap methods of specifying Okun’s law are used. Furthermore, the author also uses a series of estimation methods, which include ordinary least squares (OLS), dynamic OLS (DOLS), fully modified OLS (FMOLS) and canonical cointegration regression (CCR).

Findings
The results, based on the difference model, are mixed irrespective of estimation and data filter methods. For the gap model, Okun’s law holds for all sectors irrespective of estimation techniques (especially DOLS, FMOLS and CCR) when the Hodrick–Prescott filter method is used to filter data. However, the author discovers that the coefficients of Okun’s law vary across the sectors as the response of unemployment to services sector output is greater than the rest of the sectors. When the Hamilton filter method is used to filter data, the results appear to be mixed across the sectors. The results are almost ditto when all the sectoral variables are put in one model.

Originality/value
To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study that investigates the validity of sectoral Okun’s law in Nigeria, the leading economy in Africa.