bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High expression of Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 1 (TREM-1) predicted poor prognosis in Glioblastoma multiforme
Authors: Ma Ke , Li Yanxin , Zhang Xianwei , Guo Qianqian 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 1 (TREM-1) played an important role in inflammatory reactions. Recently the roles of TREM-1 in cancer had been explored, but not in Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The study was performed to explore the significance of TREM-1 in GBM. Methods: Immunohistochemical staining of TREM-1 was performed in 91 operative patients diagnosed with GBM. Clinicopathological characteristics and survival time were recorded. Besides, TREM-1 expression and its effect on prognosis were analyzed using online GEPIA, TCGA and CGGA databases. Then the expressionprofile of TCGA-GBM cohort was used to perform functional enrichment analysis. CIBERSORT method and TIMER database were used to estimate the tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs). ESTIMATE algorithm was used to estimate the immune-stromal score. Lastly, the relationships between TREM-1 and TIICs, immune-stromal score and immune checkpoint genes (ICGs) were analyzed. Results: The expression of TREM-1 was up-regulated in GBM and high TREM-1 expression predicted poor prognosis. TREM-1, IDH1, surgical resection, postoperative radiotherapy and temozolomide chemotherapy were associated with the survival time of GBM patients, but only surgical resection and TREM-1 expression were independent prognostic factors. GBM with high TREM-1 expression exhibited more infiltrate of neutrophils and macrophage. TREM-1 was positively associated with immune-stromal score and multiple ICGs, most of whom were involved in immunosuppressive responses. Conclusions: The study revealed high expression of TREM-1in GBM was an independent poor prognosis factor and TREM-1 was associated with the immunosuppressive microenvironment. Blocking TREM-1, or combing block TREM-1 and ICGs may be a strategy for enhancing GBM immune response.
Serum interleukin-38 levels correlated with insulin resistance, liver injury and lipids in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Cao Jun , Hua Lin , Zhang Shipei , Tang Jinping , Ke Fan , Wu Zhouhuan , Xue Guohui 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundInsulin resistance, liver injury and dyslipidemia are reported in non-alcoholic fat liver disease (NAFLD) patients. Interleukin (IL)-38 may take part in the pathophysiology of insulin resistance. Nevertheless, the function of IL-38 in NAFLD is unknown. Herein, we determined whether serum IL-38 level might be utilised as a biochemical marker for diagnosing NAFLD.Methods NAFLD patients and healthy participants (n = 91 each) were enrolled. Circulating serum IL-38 levels were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Other metabolic and inflammatory indices related to NAFLD were also assessed.Results Patients with NAFLD had higher serum IL-38 levels than healthy individuals. Significantly higher serum IL-38 levels were found in patients with severe and moderate NAFLD than in patients with mild NAFLD. IL-38 showed a significant correlation with parameters of insulin resistance, inflammation, and liver enzyme in NAFLD cases. Anthropometric, insulin resistance, inflammatory parameters, lipids and frequency of NAFLD showed significant differences among the serum IL-38 level tertiles. Participants in the 2nd and 3rd tertiles of serum IL-38 levels had a greater risk of NAFLD than those in the 1st tertile. Furthermore, IL-38 ROC curve showed a high area under ROC with 0.861.Conclusions It is possible for serum IL-38 to be a biomarker for NAFLD.
Case report: Aetiology in a female Bronchiectasis patient presenting with Shortness of Breath
Authors: Akter Shahina 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The patient is 42 years of age, female presenting to the COPD department with acute pneumonia and shortness of breath. She had a history of granulomatous tubular formation (tuberculosis) in the lungs 10 years back. Then she has admitted in a hospital. After CT scan of the chest with contrast, the impression was, suggestive of bilateral pulmonary inflammatory lesions and left sided pleural effusion with thickening. Due to pleural effusion, Thoracentesis has been performed to remove the fluid.She reports excess sputum production but could not be managed to expectorate the sputum, chills, cough, chest pain, palpitations, fatigue, and in extreme conditions fever. Sometimes she felt severe weakness and sleepy. Her main problem is she reports difficulty breathing (shortness of breath) especially while speaking. At present she has experienced bleeding about 10-15 ml.There are no known ill contacts at home. Her family history includes significant brain stroke disease and her father had shortness of breathing and her grandmother had sputum problem including sinusitis. She denies all smoking, alcohol and illegal drug use. There are no known foods, drugs, or environmental allergies.Past medical history is significant for dyspepsia, sinusitis, COPD. Two times ruptured ectopic pregnancy and past surgical history of caesarean section (C-section) six years back. This study aimed to analyze the clinical records of the female with recurrent pneumonia in an attempt to identify factors that may lead to bronchiectasis (BE).
Diffusion concentration distribution and numerical simulation of sulfate ions in polypropylene fiber concrete
Authors: Song Mei , Zhang Chongshang , Mi Haichen , Wang Ke , Wang Shuai 
Published: May 2022

In order to analysis the sulfate diffusion process in polypropylene fiber concrete, the influence of the introduction of polypropylene fiber on the porosity was calculated at first based on the spatial distribution features of polypropylene fiber in concrete, which was classified into three types, penetration type, half through type and embedded type. On the basis of Fick’s second law and reaction kinetics equation, the diffusion model of sulfate ions in polypropylene concrete was established. The numerical solution was achieved with the adoption of finite difference method and the concentration of sulfate ions at any position can be calculated. At last, the numerical solution was verified using the results of polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete sulfate attack test. The results show that the relative error between numerical calculation and the actual test results is less than 17.65 %, the accuracy of the model is relatively high.
Meandering rivers’ morphological changes analysis and prediction – a case study of Barak river, Assam
Authors: Nath Apurba , Ghosh Susmita 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Morphological studies are vital for water resources management, riverbank development, and flood mitigation. In this study, the sinuosity index and bank erosion were used to detect and quantify morphological changes using Landsat data (1990–2020) in the Barak river, India. The morphological changes were investigated in protected areas to analyze the effectiveness of existing protective structures on bank migration, which helps formulate better riverbank restoration plans. Using monthly discharge data from two stream gauge stations, the Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) models were developed. The extensive sediment transportation in the region necessitates studying both the river flow and morphological changes. The developed SARIMA model was used to predict river discharges up to 2025, being trained with data from 2006 to 2015. The validation of the model (2016–2018) shows that the mean absolute percentage error for discharge at two gauging stations is 29.78 and 23.52%, respectively. The analysis shows that the sinuosity index and bank erosion were inversely proportional. The SARIMA model showed that the future monthly discharge in the case study could be substantially higher than the observed series and affect river erosion simultaneously. This approach applies to many other meandering river management and identifies future morphological changes.
Electrochemical Method: A Green Approach for the Synthesis of Organic Compounds
Authors: Garg Sonali , Sohal Harvinder Singh , Malhi Dharambeer Singh , Kaur Manvinder , Singh Kishanpal , Sharma Ajay , Mutreja Vishal , Thakur Deepa , Kaur Loveleen 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Heterocyclic compounds have gained attention due to their growing
demand against various infectious diseases, but their synthesis with hazardous chemicals,
costly catalysts, and costly purification methods encourage researchers to explore alternative
sources. The electrochemical method offers a powerful and versatile approach for assembling
different heterocyclic structures. Moreover, it gives a highly proficient and green methodology
that avoids harmful oxidants and reductants.

Objective:
In this review, we aim to compile the different types of reactions i.e., Curtin-
Hammet, Michael addition, Wittig reaction, Henry, Diels-Alder, Friedel-crafts, Kolbe, Heck,
Benzoin condensation reaction taking place in case of electrochemical synthesis in the last 3
years from 2017-2020. So, to the best of our knowledge, after 2017, there is no such report
present that can explain the present scenario in the field of electrochemical synthesis. So this
encouraged us to write a review on this interesting topic.

Result:
From this study, we concluded that the electrochemical methods provide a green and proficient methodology
for radical intermediate’s age utilizing electrons as traceless reagents, which could avoid the use of harmful oxidants
and reductants.
Time for a Change! A Spotlight on Many Neglected Facets of Sponge Microbial Biotechnology
Authors: Laport Marinella Silva , de Oliveira Bruno Francesco Rodrigues , Freitas-Silva Jéssyca , Canellas Anna Luiza Bauer , Costa Wellington Felipe 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:The sponge-microorganism partnership is one of the most successful symbiotic associations exploited from a biotechnological perspective. During the last thirty years, sponge-associated bacteria have been increasingly harnessed for bioactive molecules, notably antimicrobials and cytotoxic compounds. Unfortunately, there are gaps in sponge microbial biotechnology, with a multitude of applications being understudied or ignored. In this context, the current perspective aims to shed light on these underrated facets of sponge microbial biotechnology with a balance of existent reports and proposals for further research in the field. Our overview has showcased that the members of the sponge microbiome produce biomolecules whose usage can be valuable for several economically- relevant and demanding sectors. Outside the exhaustive search for antimicrobial secondary metabolites, sponge-associated microorganisms are gifted producers of antibiofilm, antivirulence and chronic diseases-attenuating substances highly envisaged by the pharmaceutical industry. Despite still at an infant stage of research, anti-ageing enzymes and pigments of special interest for the cosmetic and cosmeceutical sectors have also been reported from the sponge microbial symbionts. In a world urging for sustainability, sponge-associated microorganisms have been proven as fruitful resources for bioremediation, including recovery of heavy-metal contaminated areas, bioleaching processes, and as bioindicators of environmental pollution. In conclusion, we propose alternatives to better assess these neglected biotechnological applications of the sponge microbiome in the hope of sparking the interest of the scientific community toward their deserved exploitation.
WITHDRAWN: Current Synopsis on siRNA Therapeutics as a Novel Anti-
Cancer and Antiviral Strategy: Progress and Challenges
Authors: Kanugo Abhishek , Kamal Mohammad Amjad , Sharma Sanjay , Gautam Rupesh K. , Mishra Dinesh Kumar 
Published: May 2022

:
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Honey-based Silver Sulfadiazine Microsponge-Loaded Hydrogel: In vitro
and In vivo Evaluation for Burn Wound Healing
Authors: Patel Priya , Thanki Ashish , Viradia Dhara , Shah Pranav 
Published: May 2022

Objective:
Silver sulfadiazine has often been used as a topical antibacterial agent for burn
wounds. Aim of this study is to develop silver sulfadiazine-loaded microsponge along with honeyimpelled
hydrogel for improved burn wound healing activity.

Methods:
Microsponge were prepared by quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion method. Formulation variables
such as concentration of emulsifier and Internal phase volume were optimized by using 32 factorial
design. Further, SSD microsponge-based Hydrogel was prepared using carbopol 934 and honey as natural
healing agents. In vitro drug release, ex vivo drug deposition, skin irritancy study, and in vivo antibacterial
activity were evaluated for optimized hydrogel formulations. The MTT assay was used to determine
the safety of the optimized hydrogel using epidermal keratinocyte (HaCaT) cell lines.

Results:
At the 12th hour, in vitro drug release was found to be 85.11±0.89. An adjusted microspongeloaded
hydrogel increased medication retention ability in the epidermal layers when compared to the
commercial product. There was also less application time, no skin irritation, low cytotoxicity on dermal
cell lines, and better wound contraction.

Conclusion:
The prepared microsponge-loaded hydrogel can serve as a potential alternative for burn
wound as compared to the marketed product.
Forging Ahead the Repositioning of Multitargeted Drug Ivermectin
Authors: Atmakuri Srividya , Nene Shweta , Khatri Dharmendra , Singh Shashi Bala , Sinha V.R. , Srivastava Saurabh 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:With the advent of ivermectin, tremendous improvement in public health has been observed, especially in the treatment of onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis that created chaos mostly in rural, sub-Saharan Africa and Latin American countries. The discovery of ivermectin became a boon to millions of people that had suffered in the pandemic and still holds its pharmacological potential. Ivermectin continued to surprise scientists because of its notable role in the treatment of various other tropical diseases (Chagas, leishmaniasis, worm infections, etc.) and is viewed as the safest drug with the least toxic effects. The current review highlights its role in unexplored avenues towards forging ahead of the repositioning of this multitargeted drug in cancer, viral (the evaluation of the efficacy of ivermectin against SARS-Cov-2 is under investigation) and bacterial infection and malaria. This article also provides a glimpse of regulatory considerations of drug repurposing and current formulation strategies. Due to its broad-spectrum activity, multitargeted nature and promising efforts are put towards the repurposing of this drug throughout the field of medicine. This single drug originated from a microbe, changed the face of global health by proving its unmatched success and progressive efforts continue in maintaining its bequestnin the management of global health by decreasing the burden of various diseases worldwide.
Molecular Iodine-Catalyzed N-Benzylic Sulfonamides C-N Bond Cleavage for the Decarboxylative Substitution of β-Keto Acids
Authors: Jia Lina , Zhao Jinyu , Hu Xiangping 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:A molecular iodine-catalyzed system for the decarboxylative substitution reactions of β-keto acids with N-benzylic sulfonamides via sp3 C-N bond cleavage has been disclosed. This procedure provides a series of α-functionalized ketones in good to excellent yields. Furthermore, the practicability of this method could be manifested efficiently in a gram-scale synthesis.
Application of Different Levels of Advanced Modeling Iterative Reconstruction
in Brain CT Scanning
Authors: Wu Hongying , Luo Kun , Xu Jun , Hu Xiaoli , Zhang Youxin , Xu Zhihan 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Advanced Modeling Iterative Reconstruction (ADMIRE) algorithm has five
intensity levels; it is important to study which algorithm is better for brain CT scanning.

Objective:
The aim of the study is to compare the influence of different strength levels of ADMIRE
and traditional Filtered Back Projection (FBP) on image quality in brain CT scanning.

Methods:
60 patients were retrospectively selected, and the data from each of these patients’ brains
were reconstructed by four different reconstruction methods (FBP, ADMIRE1, ADMIRE3, and
ADMIRE5). A five-point Likert Scale was implemented to evaluate the subjective image quality. Image
noise, CT value of brain tissue , signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of gray white matter, contrast-to-noise
ratio (CNR), and beam hardening artifact index (AI) of the posterior fossa, were measured for evaluating
the objective image quality. Finally, the differences between the subjective and objective evaluations
were compared.

Results:
There were no statistical differences observed in CT values of gray matter and white matter
between the four groups (all P >0.05). The image noise gradually decreased with the increase of
ADMIRE algorithm level. The AI exhibited no statistical difference between the four groups (F
=0.793, P =0.499), but it tended to decrease slightly with the increase of ADMIRE algorithm level.
Compared to other groups (all p <0.001), the ADMIRE5 group demonstrated the best objective image
quality. Nevertheless, the highest subjective score was observed in the ADMIRE3 group, which exhibited
significant differences with other images (all P <0.001).

Conclusion:
ADMIRE algorithm can clearly improve image quality, but it cannot significantly improve
the linear sclerosis artifacts in the posterior cranial fossa. Based on the subjective evaluation of
image quality, ADMIRE3 algorithm is recommended in brain CT scanning.
Green Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles by Using Plant Extracts and
their Biomedical Applications – An Extensive Review
Authors: Kamilya Tapanendu , Rakshit Soumen , Jana Paresh Chandra 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
In recent years, the green synthesis of different metal nanoparticles has become a substantial
technique for the synthesis of different essential nanoparticles and their potential applications in
technological, industrial along with biomedical fields. Among the several essential nanoparticles, copper
nanoparticles (CuNPs) have attracted enormous attention for their wide range of applications like
the production of gas sensors, solar cells, high-temperature superconductors as well as drug delivery
materials and catalysis owing to its distinctive optical, electrical, dielectric, imaging and catalytic, etc.
properties. Herein, in this review, our aim is to find out the recent progress of synthesis, as well as different
optical and structural characterizations of green, synthesized CuNPs along with their broadspectrum
biomedical applications, mainly antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and anticancer as well as
the future perspective of research trends in the green synthesis of CuNPs. CuNPs have been synthesized
by different researchers using three methods, namely, physical, chemical, and biological. In this
review, the eco-friendly, efficient and low cost different established biological/green synthesis methods
of CuNPs using different plant extracts like leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds, latex, etc., as capping
and reducing agents have been briefly discussed, along with reaction conditions together with their optical
as well as structural analysis. Effects of different parameters on the green synthesis of CuNPs like
the presence of phytochemicals and confirmation of phytochemicals, temperature, pH, etc., are elucidated.
Studies of the antibacterial activity of biomolecules capped CuNPs by different researchers
against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains along with minimum inhibitory concentration
(MIC) values have been summarized. Furthermore, antifungal and antiviral effects of green
synthesized CuNPs studied by different researchers are mentioned with minimum inhibitory concentration
(MIC) values. The anticancer activity of green synthesized CuNPs against different cancer cells
studied by different researchers is summarized with correlation sizes of CuNPs on anticancer activity.
The review also focuses on in vivo applications of green synthesized CuNPs along with clinical trails.
Furthermore, an emphasis is given to the effectiveness of CuNPs in combating COVID-19.
Octahedron-Shaped Nano FeCo2O4 Phase Materials: Wet Chemical
Synthesis and Characterization Studies
Authors: Balamurugan Sarkarainadar , Giribha Neelakandapillai , Ashika Sureshkumar Anitha 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Amongst the different spinel cobaltites investigated to date, the FeCo2O4
phase has been relatively less studied in detail despite the potential applications in several areas. As
the nanostructured spinels are sensitive to the processing conditions, we have extended our research
interest in FeCo2O4 phase materials.

Objective:
The objective of this study is (i) to synthesize the FeCo2O4 nanomaterials by different approaches
using different precursors and (ii) to investigate the structural, thermal, optical, and microstructural
properties of different materials by various characterization techniques.

Methods:
Different approaches such as hexamine-assisted combustion synthesis, co-precipitation, and
solvothermal methods were employed to obtain FeCo2O4 nanomaterials using different precursors.

Results:
The XRD pattern of the as-prepared product of the solvothermal method is significantly different
from other processed as-prepared products. The annealed FeCo2O4 materials obtained by coprecipitation
using nitrates and/or chlorides showed nearly a single phase of FeCo2O4 nanomaterials.

Conclusion:
The phase formation of FeCo2O4 materials is sensitive to the presently employed synthesis
conditions. The XRD patterns confirmed the deficient crystalline nature of the as-prepared materials
produced by sol-gel combustion and co-precipitation methods. The annealed materials obtained by
the co-precipitation using nitrates and chlorides showed nearly a single FeCo2O4 phase. The observed
particle sizes of the FeCo2O4 phase materials are octahedral shaped with different sizes of 89 to 344
nm. The optical property studied using the FT-IR technique shows IR bands at 500 ~ 630 cm-1.