bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tropical Cyclone Rapid Intensification: An Explanation for the Global Increase
Authors: Bhatia Kieran , Baker Alexander , Yang Wenchang , Vecchi Gabriel , Knutson Thomas , Murakami Hiroyuki , Kossin James , Hodges Kevin , Dixon Keith , Whitlock Carolyn , Bronselaer Benjamin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Tropical cyclone rapid intensification events often cause destructive hurricane landfalls because they are associated with the strongest storms and the worst forecasts. Multi-decade observational datasets of tropical cyclone behavior have recently enabled documentation of upward trends in tropical cyclone rapid intensification in several basins. However, a robust anthropogenic signal in global intensification trends and the physical drivers of intensification trends have yet to be identified. To address these knowledge gaps, we compare the observed trends in intensification and tropical cyclone environmental parameters to simulated natural variability in a high-resolution global climate model. In multiple basins and the global dataset, we detect a significant increase in intensification rates with a positive contribution from anthropogenic forcing. Furthermore, thermodynamic environments around tropical cyclones have become more favorable for intensification, and climate models show anthropogenic warming has significantly increased the probability of these changes.
High Dimensional Survival Analysis Model for Predicting Diagnosis of alzheimer’s disease over Specific Period of time
Authors: Elzawawi Nour , Saber heba Gama , Hashem Mohamed , Gharib Tarek F. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Survival analysis is a statistical tool for predicting the period until an event such as death or disease diagnosis. It requires the availability of censored data demonstrating that the event of interest did not occur during the study period. The model faces issues of overfitting if it has more features than data. However, not all elements are necessary for addressing the problem, and incorporating non-essential aspects might occasionally degrade learning performance. As a result, constructing an accurate survival model using electronic health records is difficult. With this rationale, a hybrid approach for high-dimensional survival analysis is developed. First, labeled (Alzheimer’s Disease) and unlabeled (Normal Cognitive) instances are used to offer better representation with lower dimensions from clinical features, and then we actively train the survival model by labeling the censored data. The effectiveness of this strategy was evaluated using a c-index study. The results show that our method outperforms baseline models by a wide margin.
Estimation of methane emission from the risers of urban gas network in the metropolis of Mashhad and evaluation of its economic and environmental effects
Authors: Parastesh HamidReza , Ashrafi Khosro , Zahed Mohammad Ali 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: It is evident that leakage through pipelines, especially in areas where environmentally sensitive can cause many threats to the creatures that live on the earth. Methane gas has a relatively stronger effect on global warming than carbon dioxide thus the identification and prevention of long-term leaks is also of particular importance. Therefore, the current study was designed to estimate methane gas leaks from Mashhad gas risers and investigate the environmental and economic impacts.Methods: This study was conducted in the form of cross-sectional and aiming analytical-descriptive in all 8 town gas zones of Mashhad (2021). The total stages of this study include: 1) computing the numbers of town gas risers of Mashhad and their ground variables (longevity of risers, service and user type of riser, urban zones, and etc.). 2) Computing the number of risers which have leakage. 3) Determining the sample size and method of sampling. 4) Checking the relationship between leakage and equipment/risers’ connections. 5) Estimating the relationship between the service life of the riser and leakage. 6) Determining the relationship between leakage rate and service type of riser (household, industrial and commercial). 7) The relationship between leakage rate and urban zones. 8) Determining the leak rate of the riser in different seasons. 9) Calculating the rate of the economic cost caused by methane leak. 10) Evaluating the environmental aspects of the gas leak.Results: There was no significant difference between the riser type and leakage rate. However, there was a significant difference between the leakage rate of the riser and urban zones, leakage rate and season, and leakage rate and service life of the riser. According to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), one molecule of methane will increase heating by 28 to 36 times more than one molecule of carbon dioxide over a period of 100 years. Another effect of global warming that can have an adverse effect is to increase the water requirement of plants. By realizing the fact that the service life of the riser, urban zones, and season directly affects methane gas leak, thus a significant amount of gas leakage can be prevented widely by controlling the above items: which demonstrate its effects on the environmental and economic aspects over a long time. Other hands, the direct Methane's effect is global warming and the most important indirect effects include economic, social, cultural and climate changes, extinction of animal species, and human diseases.
Rapid re-establishment of an invasive bivalve following its apparent eradication
Authors: Cottingham Alan , Bossie Andrew , Maus Charles , Valesini Fiona , McDonald Justin I. , Tweedley James R. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The invasive mytilid Arcuatula senhousia was thought to be eradicated from the Swan-Canning Estuary in temperate Western Australia in 2000 following an unseasonal heavy rainfall event. The novel use of a drop camera survey at 2,037 sites throughout the lower estuary over a 15 day period in February 2019 demonstrated A. senhousia was present at 212 sites, representing >10% of those surveyed. The presence of A. senhousia was most prominent in the upper half of the estuary basin and the lower Canning River, with those 1,288 sites accounting for 98% of detections. Of those, 75 sites had percentage covers of A. senhousia of 0 – 25 %, 66 sites coverage of 25 – 50 %, 19 had 50 – 75% and 12 sites had coverages of >75%. While the vast majority of A. senhousia occurred at depths of 2 to 8 m, a small number of detections occurred at 1-2 m, where percentage coverage was always <50%. The use of simple drop camera was cost-effective and facilitated the collection of data at a fine spatial scale and was shown to be suitable for benthic species such as A. senhousia that form benthic matts and whose spatial distribution and abundance may change markedly and so be missed by less exhaustive sampling.
BMSC derived exosomes accelerate diabetic wound healing via circ-Snhg11 delivery
Authors: Tang Tao , Chen Linyi , Wang Chuang , Du Xiaolong , Ye Shenglin , Hu Nan , Chen Hong , Li Xiaoqiang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Exosome (Exo) secreted by bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) enhances cutaneous wound healing in mouse with diabetes mellitus (DM). However, the mechanism remains unclear. Methods: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was applied to study abnormal circular RNA (circRNA) expressions in ulcer tissues with or without Exo treatment. Bioinformatics and luciferase outputs were employed to verify interactional correlations amongst RNAs. EPCs cells were utilized to study the ROS under high glucose conditions by immunofluorescence. A DM ulceration mouse model was established and the therapeutic Exo effect was investigated through immunofluorescence. Results: Data showcased that Exo treatment significantly promoted cutaneous wound healing in mice with DM. NGS discovered that circ-Snhg11 functioned in Exo-mediated tissues repair. circ-Snhg11 downregulation reduced therapeutic effects regarding Exo upon wound healing in diabetic mice. Bioinformatics and luciferase reporting outcomes verified that both miR-144-3p and SLC7A11 were circ-Snhg11 downstream targets. SLC7A11 downregulation or miR-144-3p overexpression reversed protective effect regarding circ-Snhg11 on EPCs after exposure to a high glucose microenvironment. circ-Snhg11 upregulation increased the therapeutic Exo effect on wound healing in diabetic mice by stimulating angiogenesis and reducing GPX4-mediated ferroptosis. Furthermore, Exo circ-Snhg11 delivery promoted the miR-144-3p/SLC7A11/GPX4 signal. Conclusions: In conclusion, circ-Snhg11 from BMSC Exo promoted the SLC7A11/GPX4-mediated anti-ferroptosis signal by sponging miR-144-3p. This promoted angiopoiesis and accelerated diabetic wound healing.
Four algorithms for propositional forgetting
Authors: Liberatore Paolo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Four algorithms for propositional forgetting are compared. The first performs all possible resolutions and deletes the clauses containing a variable to forget. The second forgets a variable at time by resolving and then deleting all clauses that resolve on that variable. The third outputs the result of all possible linear resolutions on the variables to forget. The fourth generates a clause from the points of contradiction of a backtracking search. The latter emerges as the winner, with the second and first performing well in some cases. The linear resolution algorithm is inadequate, at least in the current implementation.
Prethermalization in confined spin chains
Authors: Birnkammer Stefan , Bastianello Alvise , Knap Michael 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Unconventional nonequilibrium phases with restricted correlation spreading and slow entanglement growth have been proposed to emerge in systems with confined excitations, calling their thermalization dynamics into question. Here, we investigate the many-body dynamics of a confined Ising spin chain, in which domain walls in the ordered phase form bound states reminiscent of mesons. We show that the thermalization dynamics after a quantum quench exhibits multiple stages with well separated time scales. The system first relaxes towards a prethermal state, described by a Gibbs ensemble with conserved meson number. The prethermal state arises from rare events in which mesons are created in close vicinity, leading to an avalanche of scattering events. Only at much later times a true thermal equilibrium is achieved in which the meson number conservation is violated by a mechanism akin to the Schwinger effect.
Fore-Arm Rhabdomyosarcoma in Neurofibromatosis type 1: A unique case
Authors: Kakkar Vikas , (MS MRCS) Dheeraj Makkar 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the commonest soft sarcoma in kids, with alveolar and embryonal variants distinguishable by histopathology and, more significantly, molecular biology. RMS occurs intermittently in a substantial proportion of cases without a predisposing condition. Nevertheless, it is well established that certain hereditary factors enhance the likelihood of developing RMS. Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome, Gorlin syndrome, Costello, NF1, and Li Fraumeni syndromes are some of them. These syndromes present with RMS during childhood. A 47-year-old female with NF 1 discovered a lump in her right forearm one year prior to presentation. When the patient noticed ulceration on the swelling, she sought medical attention. A tumor was detected in the center of the right forearm via MRI, and it was suspected to be a cystic or myxoid soft-tissue tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma or a peripheral neural tumor. We classified the tumor as stage 4 due to axillary lymph node involvement and lung metastasis. Histopathology confirmed rhabdomyosarcoma. The patient then received radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and her tumor went into remission. After confirming NF1 syndrome, we advise patients to adhere to the standard cancer screening protocol. The screening would assist in the earlier diagnosis of tumors, leading to a reduction in complications.
Anti-COX-2 Autoantibody is a Novel Marker of Immune Aplastic Anemia
Authors: Kelkka Tiina , Tyster Mikko , Lundgren Sofie , Feng Xingmin , Kerr Cassandra , Hosokawa Kohei , Huuhtanen Jani , Keränen Mikko , Kawakami Toru , Patel Bhavisha , Maeda Yuka , Nieminen Otso , Kasanen Tiina , Aronen Pasi , Yadav Bhagwan , Rajala Hanna , Nakazawa Hideyuki , Jaatinen Taina , Hellstrom-Lindberg Eva , Ogawa Seishi , Ishida Fumihiro , Nishikawa Hiroyoshi , Nakao Shinji , Maciejewski Jaroslaw , Young Neal S. , Mustjoki Satu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In immune aplastic anemia (IAA), severe pancytopenia results from the immune-mediated destruction of hematopoietic stem cells. Several autoantibodies have been reported, but no clinically applicable autoantibody tests are available for IAA. We screened autoantibodies using a microarray containing > 9 000 proteins and validated the findings in a large international cohort of IAA patients (n = 405) and controls (n = 815). We identified a novel autoantibody that binds to the C-terminal end of cyclo-oxygenase 2 (COX-2, aCOX-2 Ab). 37% of all adult IAA patients tested positive for aCOX-2 Ab, while only 1.7% of the controls were aCOX-2 Ab positive. Sporadic non-IAA aCOX-2 Ab positive cases were observed among patients with related bone marrow failure diseases, multiple sclerosis, and type I diabetes, whereas no aCOX-2 Ab seropositivity was detected in the healthy controls, in patients with non-autoinflammatory diseases or rheumatoid arthritis. In IAA, anti-COX-2 Ab positivity correlated with age and the HLA-DRB1*15:01 genotype. 83% of the > 40 years old IAA patients with HLA-DRB1*15:01 were anti-COX-2 Ab positive, indicating an excellent sensitivity in this group. aCOX-2 Ab positive IAA patients also presented lower platelet counts. Our results suggest that aCOX-2 Ab defines a distinct subgroup of IAA and may serve as a valuable diagnostic tool.
Determination of Antioxidant Capacity and Total Phenolic and Ascorbic Acid Contents of Some Fruits and Vegetables with an Electrochemical Approach
Authors: Koc Tugca Bilenler , Savan Ebru Kuyumcu , Karabulut Ihsan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The determination of antioxidant capacity, total phenolic and ascorbic acid contents with high accuracy and efficiency, low cost, and fast methods has great analytical importance. The antioxidant capacity, total phenolic and ascorbic acid contents of apricot, arugula, banana, cranberry, spinach, and strawberry were investigated with an electrochemical approach and their compatibility with conventional methods. Antioxidant activity was determined by ABTS and DPPH assays, total phenolic content was determined by the Folin Ciocalteu method, which are spectrophotometric techniques, and ascorbic acid was quantified by HPLC technique. In order to perform more sensitive and simultaneous measurements in electrochemical measurements, the surface of the glassy carbon electrode was modified by electropolymerization of p-toluene sulfonic acid (TSA/GCE). The TSA/GCE modified sensor was used for the first time for the determination of antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content. The surface of the modified sensor was characterized by cyclic voltammetry and scanning electron microscopy. The TSA/GCE sensor was linearly correlated with the DPV technique for Trolox and gallic acid in 0.1 M NaNO3 and ascorbic acid in phosphate buffer solution pH 7.4 supporting electrolyte solution. Electrochemical methods have offered a promising alternative for the determination of antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content due to their simplicity, rapid response, low cost, sensitivity, and reproducibility.
Adaptation and Validation of the COVID-19 Stigma Instrument in Nurses:A Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Huang Feifei , Chen Wei-Ti , Sun Wenxiu , Lin Meilian , Shiu Cheng-Shi , Zhang Lin , Lu Hongzhou 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Stigma is a prominent issue among nurses working with patients with infectious diseases, but the unavailability of validated measures of such stigma. The aim of our study was to adapt, modify, and validate the COVID-19 Stigma Instrument-Nurse -Version 3 (CSI-N-3) with both classical test theory and item response theory (IRT) analysis.Methods: We administered the scale to 249 eligible nurses who worked in a COVID-19 designed hospital in Shanghai, China. Results: The two-factor structure was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. The 15-item CSI-N-3 achieved Cronbach's α of 0.64 to 0.84. Convergent validity was also demonstrated. In IRT analysis, the CSI-N-3 has ordered response thresholds, with the appropriate item difficulty and infit and outfit mean squares. Self-reported social support was the only factor influencing nurses' COVID-19 stigma (standardized coefficients β=-0.21). Conclusions: The CSI-N-3 is an instrument with sound psychometric properties that can be used to measure COVID-19 stigma during the COVID-19 outbreak or afterward among nurses.
Concerningly high breeding success rates for the European Starling after a recent invasion in the Neotropics
Authors: Jauregui Adrián , Gerstmayer Paula A. , Colombo Martín A. , Segura Luciano N. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The European Starling is a highly invasive passerine that recently started to expand throughout South America. Despite its negative impacts on the native fauna, there are no reports of its breeding success, the population recruitment rate, or the factors affecting its nest success in these recently invaded natural habitats. In this study we monitored 100 European Starling nests in a native forest of central-eastern Argentina, during the 2020–2021 and 2021–2022 breeding seasons. We estimated the most common breeding parameters for the population (clutch size, number of fledglings, nest fate, nest survival) and measured nest-site features at different spatial scales to assess if they affected nest survival. Starlings used natural and woodpecker cavities, and nest initiation peak was in September. Successful nests produced ~ 3 fledglings and estimated nest success was 38%. Daily survival rates were negatively affected by nest-tree diameter at breast height. Nest survival was high compared to native cavity-nesting birds. Moreover, the breeding onset as soon as spring begins favors the successful occupancy of cavities by starlings. Here, we provide the first detailed information on the breeding parameters of the starling in South America, which is now available to help in the design of management programs. Given our results, in addition to their effective cavity usurpation behavior, we believe starlings represent a serious threat for endangered native cavity-nesting species and need to be controlled.
Comparison of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in COVID-19 Myocarditis and Nonspecific Viral Myocarditis
Authors: Altay Sedat , Sinci Kazım Ayberk , Bayraktar Ezgi Suat , Ozdemir Emre , Gümüş Cesur 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
PURPOSE: This study aimed to compare laboratory, echocardiography, and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) findings in patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) associated myocarditis and nonspecific viral myocarditis (NSVM).METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 25 patients who were considered to have COVID-19-associated myocarditis according to the Lake-Louise criteria and clinical findings. We retrospectively evaluated 41 patients who were accepted as NSVM according to the Lake Louse criteria between January 2016 and March 2020. Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), ejection fraction, stroke volume, peak ejection rate, and cardiac index data were analyzed for two groups. Echocardiography findings and clinical data were evaluated. Comparisons were made one-way analysis of variance and Student's t-test.RESULTS: LGE was detected in 25 (30%) patients with COVID-19 through CMR examination. LGE was detected most frequently in the inferior segments (mean 2.8 segments) in the patients. Pericardial thickening was observed in 8 (32%) patients. In the NSVM patients, LGE was observed only in the inferior segments in 25 patients, in the lateral–inferior segments in 10 patients, and the septal–inferior segments in 6 patients (mean of 2.4 segments). Pericardial thickening was present in 14 (34%) patients. T2 hyperintensity was not observed. Echocardiography findings were within normal limits in myocarditis groups. There was no statistically significant difference between myocarditis groups' CMR functional data (p = 0.027).CONCLUSION: Functional heart parameters and laboratory findings were similar and normal limits, and no significant difference was observed in imaging features and functional data ​​between NSVM and COVID-19-associated myocarditis.
Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu) in China
Authors: Du Danchao , Zhu Li , Pu Zhanxu , Lu Lianming , Huang Zhendong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Satsuma mandarin is one of the most widely cultivated citrus in the world. In this study, we firstly presented the complete chloroplast genome of Satsuma mandarin by using BGISEQ-500 sequencing technology. The complete chloroplast genome of Satsuma mandarin is 160,699 bp in size, including a pair of inverted repeat regions of 26,990 bp, a large single copy region of 87,918 bp, and a small single copy region of 18,801 bp. The complete chloroplast genome of Satsuma mandarin contains 108 unique genes, including 75 protein coding genes, 29 tRNA genes and 4 rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis based on the complete chloroplast genome showed that the relationship between Satsuma mandarin and citrus reticulate was the closest.
Curbing hydrological alterations in the Mekong--limits and opportunities of dam re-operation
Authors: Galelli Stefano , Dang Thanh , Ng Jia Yi , Chowdhury Kamal , Arias Mauricio 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In rivers around the world, hydropower development has altered the seasonal hydrological regime, which drives key ecosystem services. Dam re-operation efforts that minimize hydrological alterations are, therefore, critical to biological conservation, particularly in the tropics, where dam development is still booming. Here, we identify the limits and opportunities of alternative dam management strategies in the Mekong, a biodiverse but rapidly developing river. We show that basin-wide efforts are needed to completely restore seasonal hydrological variability, probably an unfeasible solution in the Mekong's institutional landscape. Instead, re-operation efforts focused on the Lower Mekong could yield tangible opportunities for partially restoring key elements of hydrological variability while preserving hydropower production. In fact, changing production plans across a few critical dams could raise hydropower revenues by almost $150 million per year. Nexus solutions like this one are a concrete basis for safeguarding crucial economic interests and catalyzing sustainable river management in international rivers.