bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biofertilizers and Silicon fertilization as a sustainable option for maize production
Authors: Besharat Sina , Pinto João Castro , Fernandes Manuela , Miguel Andreia , Cruz Cristina , Barão Lúcia 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Due to the rapid growth of human population and increasing living standards, there is a continuous increase in the gap between food productivity and demand. At the same time there is a global reduction in freshwater availability for agriculture. Several options have been proposed along the way to increase water use efficiency in the field. One promising possibility is the adoption of fertilization with silicon (Si) combined with biofertilizers (microorganisms). Si is estimated to impact on the root volume and distribution, while microorganisms added to the soil in the rhizosphere also impact directly on root growth. In this work we have tested the influence of Si fertilization (magnesium silicate + diatomaceous earth) combined with biofertilizers and a reduction of 20% of NPK fertilization in the growth of maize and the soil water balance on a field trial located in Companhia das Lezírias (Portugal). Data on soil water content was collected regularly and root analysis was performed at harvest. The water balance was calculated through the model HYDRUS, using root growth model calibrated for maize in the present conditions. Results showed that using an alternative source of fertilization (Si + microbes) while reducing NPK fertilization impacted on root growth development, with roots growing more horizontally, while conventional NPK fertilization resulted in deeper roots. As a consequent, root water uptake increased and evaporation losses were lower in the treatment supplemented compared to the conventional, without compromising the yield obtained. Using biofertilizers combined with Si sources resulted in higher water use efficiency (2.64 kg m− 3) than the NPK fertilization, normally applied for maize growth (2.56 kg m− 3). The results imply that the supplementation + biofertilization allows a potential save of 206 m3 ha− 1 water and 157 kg NPK ha− 1 fertilization in a growing season keeping the same yield as obtained with the conventional NPK fertilization (18.64 ton ha− 1). Implications are high for Portuguese agriculture, where maize is one of the most important cereals cultivated, especially in Centre and Southern part of the country where water is a scarce resource.
DMA2022：Vibration control of the rail grinding vehicle with abrasive belt based on structural optimization and lightweight design
Authors: Fan Wengang , Zhang Shuai , Wu Zhiwei , Liu Yi , Yu Jiangnan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

As a new grinding and maintenance technology, rail belt grinding shows significant advantages in many applications. The dynamic characteristics of the rail belt grinding vehicle largely determines its grinding performance and service life. In order to explore the vibration control method of the rail grinding vehicle with abrasive belt, the vibration response changes in structural optimization and lightweight design are respectively analyzed through transient response and random vibration simulations in this paper. Firstly, the transient response simulation analysis of the rail grinding vehicle with abrasive belt is carried out under operating conditions and non-operating conditions. Secondly, the vibration control of the grinding vehicle is implemented by setting vibration isolation elements, optimizing the structure, and increasing damping. Thirdly, in order to further explore the dynamic characteristics of the rail grinding vehicle, the random vibration simulation analysis of the grinding vehicle is carried out under the condition of the horizontal irregularity of the American AAR6 track. Finally, by replacing the Q235 steel frame material with 7075 aluminum alloy and LA43M magnesium alloy, both vibration control and lightweight design can be achieved simultaneously. The results of transient dynamic response analysis show that the acceleration of most positions in the two working conditions exceeds the standard value in GB/T 17426-1998 standard. By optimizing the structure of the grinding vehicle in three ways, the average vibration acceleration of the whole car is reduced by about 55.1% from 15.6 m/s 2 to 7.0 m/s 2 . The results of random vibration analysis show that the grinding vehicle with Q235 steel frame does not meet the safety conditions of . By changing frame material, the maximum vibration stress of the vehicle can be reduced from 240.7 Mpa to 160.0 Mpa and the weight of the grinding vehicle is reduced by about 21.7% from 1500 Kg to 1175 Kg. The modal analysis results indicate that the vibration control of the grinding vehicle can be realized by optimizing the structure and replacing the materials with lower stiffness under the premise of ensuring the overall strength. The study provides the basis for the development of lightweight, diversified and efficient rail grinding equipment.
Exploring the effects of a combined exercise programme on pain and fatigue outcomes in people with systemic sclerosis: Study protocol for a large European multi-centre randomised controlled trial.
Authors: Mitropoulos Alexandros , Boström Carina , Mattsson Malin , Kouidi Evangelia , Dimitroulas Theodoros , Vlieland Theodora P.M. Vliet , de Vries-Bouwstra Jeska K. , Liem Sophie I.E. , Jacobsen Søren , Cuomo Giovanna , Akil Mohammed , Klonizakis Markos 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background Pain, related to Raynaud’s phenomenon or digital ulceration has been identified as very prevalent and debilitating symptoms of systemic sclerosis (SSc), both significantly affecting patients’ quality of life (QoL). Pharmacological therapeutic strategies were found not to be sufficiently effective in the management of SSc-induced pain and fatigue, and evidence for exercise is scarce. As yet, the effects of a long-term, tailored exercise programme on pain and fatigue in patients with SSc have not been explored. In addition to pain and fatigue, this study aims to evaluate the effects of exercise on QoL, physical fitness, functional capacity, and vascular structure in people with SSc (PwSSc).
Methods This will be a multicentre (n=6) randomised controlled clinical trial to assess the effect of a previously established, supervised 12-week combined exercise programme on pain and fatigue as compared to no exercise in PwSSc. The study will recruit 180 patients with SSc that will be allocated randomly to two groups. Group A will perform the exercise programme parallel to standard usual care and Group B will receive usual care alone. Patients in the exercise group will undertake two, 45-min sessions each week consisting of 30 min High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) (30s 100% peak power output/30 s passive recovery) on an arm crank ergometer and 15 min of upper body circuit resistance training. Patients will be assessed before as well as at 3- and 6-months following randomisation. Primary outcomes of the study will be pain and fatigue assessed via questionnaires. Secondary outcomes include quality of life, structure of digital microvasculature, body composition, physical fitness, and functional capacity.
Discussion Data from this multi-centre research clinical trial will primarily be used to establish the effectiveness of a combined exercise protocol to improve pain and fatigue in SSc. In parallel, this study will be the first to explore the effects of long-term exercise on potential microvascular alterations assessed via NVC. Overall, this study will provide sufficient data to inform current clinical practice guidelines and may lead to an improvement of QoL for patients with SSc.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT number): NCT05234671, January 14, 2022.
Individual participation and incentive coordination in watershed ecological compensation project: Insights from China's Xin'an River Basin pilot
Authors: Jiang Ke , Wang Die , Wang Yusheng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The success or failure of executing the watershed ecological compensation (WEC) policy is primarily contingent on incentive designs. How do different contractual designs influence the actions of micro-individuals in WEC? How may individuals be enticed to engage in WEC project? Taking the first inter-provincial WEC pilot - Xin’an River Basin (XRB) in China as a case, this study investigates the impacts of government-oriented, market-oriented and incentive-cooperation contracts on individuals’ behavior based on the framework of Stackelberg games. Subsequently, differences in efforts and profits of diverse individuals are compared and analyzed for each contract. The case-specific numerical example is then utilized to validate theoretical outcomes and to support subsequent key insights. First, the government-oriented contract exhibits effectiveness in bolstering the efforts and interests of micro-individuals, whereas it also places the government under tremendous financial strain. Second, the market-oriented contract formed by the output contribution rate assists in overcoming deficiencies of excurrent government-oriented contract. But it remains controversial if, in the absence of government inspection, investors that devote more cooperative efforts are not rewarded with further dividends, ultimately diminishing their enthusiasm for the WEC-XRB project. Lastly, the incentive-cooperation contract reinforced by market dominance is advantageous for improving the efficacy of water resource management under the existing government-oriented policy relying on command-and-control instruments.
A novel parameter sampling method efficiently uncovers unique properties for sets of mathematical models
Authors: Kravtsova Natalia , Chamberlin Helen , Dawes Adriana 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Mathematical models of complex systems rely on parameter values to produce a desired behaviour such as bistability. As mathematical and computational models increase in complexity, it becomes correspondingly difficult to find parameter values that satisfy system constraints. Here we propose a novel method for generating a large number of simulation outcomes using the Markov-chain based algorithm that we term the Modified Metropolis-Hastings (MMH). We provide rigorous proof of the MMH properties and demonstrate that MMH is more efficient for parameter generation than current algorithms, especially for complex models with high-dimensional parameter space and/or diverse outputs. We apply the method to a model of protein phosphorylation to discover characteristic dynamics that identify the mechanism of bistability in protein levels. Our application shows that the proposed methodology can be used to provide unique information about a complex system using the parameters generated by MMH.
Response comparison of different staggered story isolated structures under long-term earthquake
Authors: Liu Lin , Liu Dewen , Zhang Lanfang , Li Qi , Lei Min 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The staggered story isolated structure is a new type of isolated structure developed from the base isolated structure.It has great isolation performance under ordinary earthquakes.However, the problem of long-term earthquakes exists in many areas. The prolongation of the natural vibration period of the structure and the resonance caused by the low-frequency part of the long-term earthquakes should not be ignored. The research on the response of the staggered story isolated structure under the long-term earthquakes is not perfect.Two finite element models of staggered story isolated structure were established and non-linear time-history response analysis were carried out under ordinary earthquakes and long-term earthquakes,which including near-fault pulse-type long-term earthquakes and far-field harmonic-like long-term earthquakes.Results show that the natural vibration period of the staggered story isolated structure is prolonged,the seismic response is reduced.Under long-term earthquakes,the story drift angle,bearing displacement,story shear,plastic hinges and stress damage of staggered story isolated structure are partly larger than those of ordinary earthquakes.Under the far-field harmonic-like earthquakes,isolation performance is significantly different from those under the near-fault pulse-type earthquakes.And there are significant differences between the two models.The structure has the characteristics of vertically irregular structures and the weak position of the structure is located near the isolation layer,so more attention should be paid to the project.
FSCN1/METTL3/TLN1 axis promotes the malignant progression in bladder carcinoma
Authors: Sun Siqing , Liu Shuangjie , Wang Jianfeng , Bi Jianbin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background The RNA-binding protein (RBP) played an important role in tumors. FSCN1 functioned as an oncogene in bladder carcinoma (BLCA). FSCN1 has not been reported as an RBP in BLCA. The mechanism by which FSCN1 promoted BLCA invasion and metastasis has remained unclear. Methods The FSCN1-bound RNAs in BLCA cell lines were identified using RIP-sequencing. The regulatory relationship between FSCN1 and METTL3 or TLN1 was verified by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), RNA pulldown assay, co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), western blotting, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunofluorescence. The metastatic abilities of the BCLA cells were evaluated byin vitrowound healing and transwell assays, as well asin vivomodels. Results TLN1 protein levels were higher in BLCA tissues compared to the paired para-tumor tissues, whereas its mRNA expression was lower in the tumors. Mechanistically, FSCN1 bound to and upregulated METTL3, which in turn repressed TLN1 mRNA expression through the latter’s 3'UTR. In addition, FSCN1 bound to the CDS region of TLN1 mRNA and promoted its translation. Knocking down FSCN1, METTL3 and TLN1 individually had an inhibitory effect on the proliferation, invasion, migration and metastasis of BLCA cells. Conclusions FSCN1 functions as an RBP to promote proliferation, invasion and migration of BLCA cells. The FSCN1/METTL3/TLN1 axis is a potential therapeutic target for BLCA.
Breast Cancer Awareness among Sudanese Females in Omdurman city: 2021
Authors: Rafat Munir , Sabir Mustafa 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background:
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy among women worldwide(1). In contrast to Europe, it presents generally very late in Africa. As with the rest of Africa, it is the most common primary malignancy of females in Sudan, and generally presents in stage III or IV disease(2). This study is intended to analyse the level of breast cancer awareness among women of Sudan.
Objective:
To assess the level of awareness of breast cancer among Sudanese females, and their attitude towards breast changes. Also, to establish possible associations between several variables: (education level, age, contact with a breast cancer patient, residence) on awareness.
Methodology:
A descriptive cross-sectional community-based study of 385 females in Omdurman city, selected by convenient sampling. An interview based Arabic version of Breast Cancer Awareness Measure (BCAM) was used. Data was coded and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) v.20
Results:
A total of 385 females were included, of which 38.7% were 20-30 years, 47.8% were single, 53.8% had university education, 41% of them were currently unemployed, and 54.3% resided in Ummbadda’s locality. When asked about the signs and risk factors of breast cancer, 55.06% and 55.8% failed to name any. The cumulative percentage of correct answers of close-ended question about signs, risk factors and Federal Ministry of Health (FMoH) screening program were 42.8%, 30.7% and 44.7% in that order. Only 38.2% knew the right method BSE, 48.2% of them rarely practiced it. 38.2% noticed a change in the breast tissue but didn’t visit a doctor. The majority of them, though, said they would see a doctor if they noticed a change in the future.
Conclusion:
There is a severe lack of awareness of breast cancer among females of the Sudanese society. Also, there was a clear ignorant attitude practiced by a significant proportion of the candidates.
Recommendations:Further research, to address the limitations of this study is to be done. FMoH has to improve its media massage and arrange targeted awareness campaigns
Central Serous Chorioretinopathy in a 14-Year-Old Atopic Boy: A Case Report.
Authors: Ranno Stefano , Fontanel Liviana , Ruggiero Edoardo , Nucci Paolo , Radice Paolo , Donati Simone 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Corticosteroids are widely used in medicine. Few cases of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) have been reported following topical corticosteroid administration. We describe the first case of pediatric CSC related to topical corticosteroid administration.
Case presentation
A 14-year-old boy presented with decreased vision, pigment epithelial detachments, and serous retinal detachments in the right eye after starting treatment for atopic dermatitis with Betamethasone Valerate 0.1% topical ointment. His condition resolved 2 weeks after discontinuing the steroid and administering Bromfenac 0.9 mg/ml eyedrops.
Conclusions
Although the pathogenesis of CSC is poorly understood, ophthalmologists should be informed about the potential link between CSC and topical corticosteroid treatment, and they should be aware that CSC might, albeit infrequently, affect children.
Internationalisation of Medical Education in China: An Investigation of Medical Graduates’ Global Competence and its influencing factors
Authors: Jiang Qin , Song Xiaokang , Wang Ke , Yue Cailing , Sun Hong , Zhang Zhuoqi , Hu Bin , Li Hui , Miao Gugen , Miao Chunxia , Duan Wei , Liu Shenjun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background：Global competence has become an important competence for medical graduates in the globalised world. However, no research has been made to measure their global competence. This study intends to fill the gap and look into the influencing factors, with the purpose to raise proposals helping students prepared with this competence in the globalised labor market.
Methods: An on-line questionnaire was administered to China medical graduates sampled from four institutions of medical education. Data was retrieved and incorporated into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. Data analysis was done by using SPSS. Descriptive statistics was made to analyze the level of medical graduates global competence. Influencing factors were investigated using multiple linear regression.
Results: The sample had a relatively good level of global competence in general, but lacked skills in cross-cultural communication and international academic communication. We also found that “Internationalisation Concept and System” and “International Development of Teachers” in the school dimension and “Taking International Courses”, “International Publication” and “Participation in International Conference” in the dimension of individual international involvement had a significant positive impact on the cultivation of global competence.
Conclusions: The development of medical graduates global competence is closely related to the university. Institutions of medical education should aim for the construction of an effective institutional mechanism for internationalisation to help improve students’ global competence.
Traumatic Kidney Injury: A 6 -Year Retrospective Study in Childhood and Adolescence
Authors: Palinrungi Muhammad Asykar , Christeven Robert , Faruk Muhammad 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Traumatic kidney injuries are the most common urinary tract injuries. Pediatric patients are more susceptible to renal injury from blunt trauma than adults because of anatomic factors. The aim of this publication was to provide a reference for traumatic kidney injury in the pediatric group based on the study in our center.
Methods
A retrospective study was conducted from January 2014 to December 2019 to review medical records of children admitted with renal trauma. Relevant findings, including demographics, mechanisms and grades of injury, clinical parameters, interventions, and outcomes were recorded.
Results
Thirty-three pediatric patients were investigated. Males experienced traumatic kidney injury more often than the female with a ratio of 10:1. Most cases occurred during the adolescent (12–18) years (81.82%). Left side kidney injury (63.64%) was more frequent than right side (36.36%). Most cases (96.97%) were caused by blunt trauma, mainly traffic accidents (81.82%). Most patients (90.91%) had stable hemodynamics. Grade IV kidney injury was the most frequently found injury (39.39%). The cause of renal function disturbance was based on the blood urea nitrogen/creatinine (BUN/Cr) ratio with 21.87% of patients suffering from intra-renal causes and 12.5% from pre-renal causes. No significant association between different grades and BUN/creatinine ratio was found. Isolated renal injuries were found in 54.54% of patients. Most patients were treated conservatively (87.88%), and survival was 96.97%.
Conclusion
Non-operative management is safe and and yields good outcomes in kidney trauma patients with stable hemodynamics. Renal trauma severity is not associated with the BUN/Cr ratio.
In Vitro and in Vivo Studies of Folate-Functionalized PEGylated Chitosan/Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticle for the Fibrosarcoma-Targeted Delivery of Paclitaxel
Authors: Al-Obaidy Rusul , Haider Adawiya J. , Al-Musawi Sharafaldin , Arsad Norhana 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Fibrosarcoma is a rare type of cancer that affects cells known as fibroblasts that is malignant, locally recurring, spreading tumor in fibrous. In this work, an iron plate immersed in an aqueous solution of double-added deionized water, supplemented with potassium permanganate solution (KMnO4) was carried out by pulsed-laser removal method. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) were synthesized using different laser wavelengths (1064, 532, and 266 nm) at a fluence of 28 J/cm2 with 100 shots of the iron plate to control the concentration, shape, and size of the prepared high-stability SPIONs. The drug nanocarrier was synthesized by coating SPION with paclitaxel (PTX)-loaded chitosan (Cs) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). This nanosystem was functionalized by folate (FA) targeting receptors. The physiochemical characteristics of SPION@Cs-PTX-PEG-FA nanoparticles were evaluated and confirmed by infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, electron diffraction, atomic force microscopy, and dynamic light scattering methods. The cell internalization, cytotoxicity assay, apoptosis induction, and gene expression of SPION@Cs-PTX-PEG-FA in fibrosarcoma cell lines were estimated respectively. In vivo studies utilized BALB/c tumor-bearing mice. Results showed that SPION@Cs-PTX-PEG-FA exhibited suitable physical stability, spherical shape, desirable size, and charge. The SPION@Cs-PTX-PEG-FA inhibited the proliferation and induced the apoptosis of cancer cells (P < 0.01). In vivo study results showed that SPION@Cs -PTX-PEG-FA decreased the tumor size significantly compared with free PTX and control samples (P < 0.05), leading to longer survival, significantly enhanced splenocyte proliferation and IFN-γ level, and significantly diminished IL-4 level. All these findings indicated the potential of SPION@Cs-PTX-PEG-FA as an antitumor therapeutic agent.