bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stem solidness as an important factor for wheat protection from European wheat stem sawfly (Cephus pygmaeus L.) in Altai
Authors: Lepekhov S. B. , Petin V. A. , Chebatareva M. V. 
Published: April 2022

Background. European wheat stem sawfly (Cephus pygmaeus L.) is the main pest of wheat in Altai Territory, Russia. Resistance of host plants to this insect is based on a solid stem. The effect of a solid stem on the infestation of wheat stem sawfly larvae and on agronomic traits of spring bread wheat under the conditions of Altai Territory has not been studied.Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the experimental field of the Federal Altai Scientific Centre of Agro-BioTechnologies, Barnaul, Russia, in 2019–2021. The index of stem solidness was assessed according to a 20 point scale. The interplay between stem solidness and wheat stem sawfly larvae infestation of wheat plants was studied on 12 genotypes. The effect of stem solidness on agronomic traits was studied on 6 pairs of sister lines. One hundred cultivars were studied for the stem solidness index and 184 cultivars were tested for their resistance to wheat stem sawfly.Results. Stem solidness negatively correlated with wheat stem sawfly infestation (Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was rs = –0.77 in 2019 and rs = –0.80 in 2020). Sister lines with a solid stem had significantly shorter plant height (–5 cm), less kernels per spikelet (–0.11 kernels), 1000 grain weight (–1.7 g) and grain weight per spike (–0.08 g), but higher grain weight per tiller spike (+0.11 g), compared to sister lines with a hollow stem averaged over two years. Stem solidness had no negative effect on yield or grain quality. Eleven cultivars with a solid stem index higher than 15 points were identified (‘Ershovskaya 33’, ‘Izera’, ‘Kvintus’, ‘KWS Akvilon’, ‘Tybalt’, ‘Cunningham’, ‘KW 240-3-13’, ‘KWS 3.13’, ‘Lillian’, ‘Sparrow’, ‘WW-4’).Conclusion. Stem solidness significantly decreases the damage from wheat stem sawfly and has no negative effect on yield or gluten and protein content in grain. The abovementioned cultivars with a solid stem are recommended for use in breeding for resistance to wheat stem sawfly.
Analysis of the inheritance of the marker SCAR-R1A, linked to the Rpf1 red stele root rot resistance gene, in strawberry hybrid progeny
Authors: Lyzhin A. S. , Luk’yanchuk I. V. 
Published: April 2022

Background. Resistance to pathogens is an important breeding trait of a cultivar. Red stele root rot (Phytophthora fragariae var. fragariae Hickman) is a dangerous root disease. Revealing the patterns of resistance inheritance and identifying promising genotypes is an important stage in the development of strawberry cultivars resistant to red stele root rot. The purpose of the study was to identify patterns of inheritance for the SCAR-R1A marker, linked to the Rpf1 red stele root rot resistance gene, in the strawberry hybrid combinations.Materials and methods. The target materials were the strawberry cultivars ‘Bylinnaya’, ‘Olimpiyskaya Nadezhda’, ‘Privlekatelnaya’ and ‘Feyyerverk’, and hybrid seedlings of the cross combinations Bylinnaya × Olimpiyskaya Nadezhda, Bylinnaya × Feyyerverk, Olimpiyskaya Nadezhda × Bylinnaya, Privlekatelnaya × Bylinnaya, and Feyyerverk × Bylinnaya. The Rpf1 gene was identified with the marker SCAR-R1A.Results and conclusion. For the hybrid combination Bylinnaya × Olimpiyskaya Nadezhda, the percentage of seedlings with an Rpf1 resistance allele was 33.3%. For the combination Bylinnaya × Feyyerverk, their percentage was 37.2%; for Olimpiyskaya Nadezhda × Bylinnaya, 39.4%; for Privlekatelnaya × Bylinnaya, 39.6%; and for Feyyerverk × Bylinnaya, 36.2%. The average percentage of seedlings with an Rpf1 allele for the studied combinations was 37.1%. Assessment of the compliance between the observed segregation and theoretical one according to the χ2 criterion confirmed the monogenic character of the studied trait and the Mendelian ratio of inheritance frequencies for the marker fragments of the Rpf1 gene as 1 : 1. Therefore, all identified seedlings with an Rpf1 allele are characterized by a heterozygous genotype. Strawberry hybrids promising for breeding were identified: 62-41 (Bylinnaya × Feyyerverk), 65-17, 65-24 (Olimpiyskaya Nadezhda × Bylinnaya), and 69-29 (Feyyerverk × Bylinnaya).
Evaluasi Kinerja Simpang Tiga Tak Bersinyal Jl. Muharto - Jl. Mayjen Sungkono – Jl. Raya Ki Ageng Gribig Kota Malang
Authors: Hariyanto  , Suraji Aji , Cakrawala Mohamad 
Published: April 2022

The unsignal intersection is the most common type of intersection found in urban areas, one of which is the unsignalized three-way intersection Muharto St. – Mayjen Sungkono St. – Raya Ki Ageng Gribig St, Malang City. Transportation problems that often occur include traffic jams and delays in travel time. Vehicle travel time as one of the service performance criteria at the intersection. These problems are often found in several areas in Indonesia, including at the intersection of Muharto St. – Mayjen Sungkono St. – Raya Ki Ageng Gribig St. is located in Malang city, which is the main route for large market vehicles to pass and is the road to access the center of Malang City as well as settlements and activities of the surrounding community. At this three-way unsignalized intersection, the traffic volume is large, so it can cause congestion at certain times. The purpose of this study was to determine the performance of Three-way unsignalized intersection Muharto st. – Mayjen Sungkono St. – Raya Ki Ageng Gribig St at 2021. The research method based on Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual (MKJI 1997) published by th Directoral General of Highways. The result of this of the study found that the volume of vehicles at Muharto St. 1430 (vehicle/hour) – Mayjen Sungkono St. 1740 (vehicle/hour) – Raya Ki Ageng Gribig St. 1913 (vehicle/hour). So Qtotal is 3554 (smp/hour) and capacity of 2522 (smp/hour). So it is known that the value of the degree of saturation after the installation of alternative traffic lights that the degree of saturation is Degree of Saturation Muharto St. (DS) 0,38 with queue length (QL) 74 m, degree of saturation of Mayjen Sungkono St. (DS) 0,28 with queue length (QL) 86 m, degree of saturation of Raya Ki Ageng Gribig (DS) 0,52 with queue length (QL) 187 m.
The Promotion of Norms and Values through Social Media Regulation: The Experience of China
Authors: Zhuravleva Eugenia 
Published: April 2022

Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic and the use of lockdowns to prevent new outbreaks in many countries, the Internet has become more actively used, various information technologies and services appeared, the role of bloggers in creating and promoting news, educational and life-style content increased. The PRC was at the forefront, where, since 2005, blogging has been actively developing in parallel with the content censoring and moderation system.
In the framework of this study, the author, using the example of Chinese opinion leaders (influencers) in the Internet, analyzes the regulation of social media in the context of promoting certain norms and values. The paper highlights and discusses the main factors (technological and economic) influencing the development of the blogosphere in China, identifies the leading bloggers on the most popular platforms, analyzes the main regulations and violations of it by the opinion leaders, as well as technological innovations in the regulation of social media.
The purpose of the study is to identify the role of influencers in the PRC in the process of promoting the norms and values and features of social media regulation. The “core socialist values” proclaimed in 2012 are considered as the main value orientations, and the possibility of relaying these values is based on the theory of the two-step communication flow by E. Katz, where, according to the author, the state or the media acts as the primary flow, and the opinion leaders are the key bloggers.

As a result, the author comes to the conclusion that during the directive regulation of social media certain value orientations are promoted in a slightly expanded version, including the visual content. Mostly public and individual values are being promoted, as well as innovative technologies are being introduced that make it possible to indirectly influence on the formation of public opinion.
Presidential elections-2022 in the Republic of Korea
Authors: Asmolov Konstantin 
Published: April 2022

The presidential race of 2022 was fought on the background of the uneasy legacy of President Moon Jae-in between the candidate of the ruling Democratic Party Lee Jae-myong and the representative of the conservatives, former Attorney General Yoon Seok-yeol. Each of the camps was represented by a person who was not a typical representative of his camp and has a difficult relationship with the &quot;core of the party&quot;. Lee is a representative of the inner-party opposition, and not Moon&apos;s successor. Yoon has found himself in the conservative camp after the conflict with the Blue House due to the logic of factional struggle and the absence of a third force in the politics of the Republic of Korea. Lee was called the Korean Bernie Sanders because of the promise of unconditional basic income and other social programs, and in foreign policy he promised to continue inter-Korean rapprochement. Yun had to reflect conservative discourse and advocated a tougher policy towards the DPRK, an alliance with the United States and the restoration of relations with Japan.

The elections turned out to be a record in terms of populist promises and black PR against candidates and their families. This led to a specific situation when, on the eve of the elections, both candidates had a high anti-rating and the final gap between them was less than one percent. In such a situation, the victorious Yoon Seok-yeol will have to face the split of society, the Democrats controlling the parliament, and the need to strengthen the unity of the party in the difficult international situation and internal problems.
Profil UMKM Keripik Pisang dan Kembang Goyang Kelurahan Keranggan, Kota Tangerang Selatan
Authors: Muhami Muhami , Makosim Syahril , Nurani Darti , Sukmadi Indrati 
Published: April 2022

Untuk mewujudkan program Kelurahan Keranggan di Kota Tangerang Selatan, sebagai pusat pengrajin produk pangan olahan, maka minimal produk pangan olahan mempunyai kualitas yang baik, dan UMKMnya mampu berproduksi secara rutin. Keripik pisang dan kembang goyang merupakan bagian dari produk unggulan Kelurahan Keranggan. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah mendapatkan profil UMKM keripik pisang dan kembang goyang. Selain itu tim juga ingin mengetahui cara pembuatan dari kedua produk tersebut, agar ke depan tim dapat membantu meningkatkan kualitas kedua produk UMKM tersebut. Untuk mendapatkan profil kedua UMKM, dilakukan pengambilan sampel dengan intrumen kuesioner. Kuesioner dibagi menjadi tiga bagian yaitu identitas responden, identifikasi UMKM, dan proses produksi. Dari hasil pengamatan ditemukan bahwa UMKM keripik pisang dan kembang goyang di Kelurahan Keranggan, produksinya masih tergantung pada pesanan dan dengan modal terbatas. Kualitas keripik pisang dan kembang goyang masih memerlukan perbaikan. UMKM keripik pisang dan kembang goyang cukup potensial untuk dikembangkan sebagai bagian dari pusat produk pangan olahan Keranggan. Pada umumnya para UMKM cukup handal dalam mengelola usahanya. Untuk menjadi pusat produk pangan olahan diperlukan perhatian khusus dari aparat Kelurahan, khususnya dalam hal bantuan permodalan, dan sarana promosi, misalkan website tentang produk pangan olahan Keranggan. Selain itu juga perlu campur tangan institusi pendidikan untuk meningkatkan kualitas produk.
Workshop Pembuatan Business Plan Ditinjau Dari Aspek Keuangan Bagi Calon Wirausaha Muda
Authors: Astarini RR Dyah , Karnasi Reniati , Sari Wahyuni Rusliana , Ekaputri Marneta , Hartono Powel 
Published: April 2022

Pelaksanaan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat bertujuan untuk membantu siswa Sekolah Kewirausahaan Bina Amanah Cordova (SKBAC) dalam membangun bisnis dengan cara memberikan Workshop Pembuatan Business Plan yang ditinjau dari sisi Keuangan. Workshop dilaksanakan pada Minggu 9 Februari 2020 pada pukul 09.00 – 12.30 di ruang kelas Sekolah Kewirausahaan Bina Amanah Cordova Tangerang dan diikuti oleh 18 orang siswa SKBAC. Workshop dimulai dengan pre-test, pemberian materi, latihan tentang materi yang diberikan dan post-test. Materi yang diberikan meliputi aliran kas (cash flow), modal kerja (working capital) dan penganggaran modal (capital budgeting). Selama workshop berlangsung, para siswa terlihat sangat antusias dan bersemangat. Hasil dari workshop ini diharapkan para siswa dapat membuat business plan dengan baik dan benar terutama aspek keuangan. Untuk PKM selanjutnya disarankan untuk melakukan pendampingan sampai dengan pembuatan business plan selesai dan layak digunakan.
Pelatihan Produksi Iklan Layanan Masyarakat Protokol Kesehatan Versi Jawa 5-eM
Authors: Murwonugroho Wegig , Maulani Mustamina , Kurniawan Wawan 
Published: April 2022

Pada pertengahan Juni 2021, situasi terakhir terkait dengan pandemi Covid-19 belum menunjukkan tanda-tanda penurunan yang signifikan. Bahkan, Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) di Jakarta diperpanjang hingga 2 (dua) kali. Aktivitas pembelajaran bagi anak siswa belum normal dan tetap diberlakukan belajar di rumah. Anak-anak lebih aman di rumah terhindar dari ancaman virus Covid-19, namun pada sisi lain anak-anak menjadi kurang bergerak dan kurang aktif. Oleh karena itu dirasa perlu dirancang sebuah program pelatihan yang mampu merangsang kreativitas anak-anak dalam menghasilkan sebuah karya yang edukatif, bermanfaat, dan menghibur. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan menggunakan metode design thingking. Peserta akan dilatih untuk memproduksi film pendek sebagai media kampanye sosial pencegahan Covid-19. Ide bersumber pada lagu tradisi Jawa. Naskah iklan dibuat plesetan dengan kesamaan nada suara Gagasan pengolahan ulang lagu-lagu yang mudah dikenang disajikan dengan unsur kelucuan. Film pendek sengaja digunakan dalam kampanye pencegahan Covid 19 karena mengandung unsur visual tradisi guna memudahkan orang membangkitkan rasa kangen dengan tradisi kampung halaman. Simpulan dalam kegiatan ini adalah kampanye sosial dengan pelibatan masyarakat dan pemanfaatan lagu daerah membangun intimasi dan khalayak sasaran lebih menyimak iklan, melagukannya, memaknai hingga berbagi ke media sosial lainnya.
Protective Effect of Co Q10 and Candesartan on Bleomyycin Induced Lung Fibrosis in Rats
Authors: Fatima Mohammad Saeed Mahdi  , Mustafa Ghazi Alabbassi  , Muthanna Ibrahim Al-Ezzi  
Published: April 2022

Fibrosis of the lungs is the final phase of many lung illnesses. Its characterized by excessive matrix production leading to the normal lung architecture destruction and eventually death. CoQ10 is an essential constituent of membrane oxidoreductase System. It is an intracellularly localized antioxidant

enzyme that is endogenously synthesized in humans. CoQ10 protects cellular components from destruction by free radical-induced oxidative damage. candesartan is a selective antagonist of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1) and is widely employed for treatment of hypertension. Most up to date research shows angiotensin II close involvement with damage and fibrosis process in tissues of organs of circulation.
Objective: This animal study was designed to investigate the effect of Co Q10 and candesartan as antifibrotic agents against pulmonary fibrosis focusing on selected markers involved in pulmonary fibrosis.
Materials and Method: 48 rats divided randomly into four groups, each consisting of 12 male rats. Group I: (Control group), the rats in this group received single injection of 0.2 ml normal saline via intratracheal route. Group II: (The BLM group), received BLM (8.3 U/kg) as a single dose via the intratracheal rout. Group III: (BLM+CoQ10 group) rats receive BLM (8.3 U/kg) as sulfate salt dissolved in 0.1 ml of normal saline via the intratracheal instillation concomitant with 100 mg/kg co Q 10 per day orally for 5 days before and 10 days after BLM injection. Group IV: (BLM+ candesartan group) rats receive BLM (8.3 U/kg) as sulfate salt dissolved in 0.1 ml of normal saline via the intratracheal instillation concomitant with (10 mg/kg) candesartan per day orally for 5 days before and 10 days after BLM injection. The studied serum biomarkers were glutathione, arachidonate 5 lipoxygenase in addition to histopathological examination using trichrome stain.
Results: serum GSH concentration was lower in BLM group in comparison with the control group and the (BLM+ CoQ10) but this difference is not statistically significant. The serum GSH levels showed a significant(P<0.05) elevation in (BLM+ Candesartan) group when compared with the levels in the BLM group. The serum ALOX5 concentration was significantly elevated in BLM group in comparison with the control group (P < 0.05). The serum ALOX5 levels were highly significantly lower in (BLM +CoQ10) (P < 0.01) and very highly significantly lower in the (BLM+ Candesartan) group (P < 0.001) when comparing it with the levels in the BLM group. furthermore, histologically CoQ10 and candesartan showed reduction in the numbers of inflammation cells and a decrease in the damage to the lung architecture and fibrosis induced by bleomycin.
Conclusion: CoQ10 and candesartan decrease pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin in male rats.
Detection of Human Herpes Virus-6 in saliva of Patients with Bell's palsy
Authors: Mustafa Hameed Majeed  , Abdul–Kareem Kadhim Alkhazraji  
Published: April 2022

Background: Bell’s palsy is unilateral peripheral paralysis of the seventh cranial nerve, several mechanisms have been proposed in the pathogenesis of this disease, among the viral infections specially herpes virus's family including roseola viruses that have been detected in patients' saliva.
Method: A case-control study conducted on Bell’s palsy patients at al-Imamein Al-kadhimein Medical City throughout the period from March 2019 to November 2019. Saliva samples were taken from 50 patients (18-55) years of age with early stages of Bell's palsy and from 50 apparently healthy and age and sex matched volunteers as control. Viral DNA was extracted from the saliva and then real time PCR for detection and quantification of HHV6 DNA in these patients
Results: Saliva samples taken from 28 patients in the Bell’s palsy patients (56%) tested positive for HHV6, as vs. to just 8 (16%) in the healthy group(control) (P= 0.028). There was increase amount of HHV6 load in patients compare to control group (p=0.001). Regarding the demographic values, an important difference in the detection rate for Human herpes virus-6 between male (64%) and females (35%) (P= 0.02). There was significant correlation between age and grading (p =0.01), as increase age correlate with high grading, also between viral load of HH6 and grading as increase viral load of the virus correlate with high grading (p = 0.001).
Conclusion: HHV-6 virus might have a potential role in the pathogenesis of Bell’s palsy.
Preparation and evaluation of oral capsules containing apigenin nanocrystals prepared by ultrasonication
Authors: Mahmood A. Haiss  , Nidhal K. Maraie  
Published: April 2022

This work aims to enhance dissolution rate, increase absorption and bioavailability of Apigenin by formulating it as nanocrystal suspension employing ultrasonic technology. Two different diluents; (5%, 10%) microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and (2%, 3%) anhydrous lactose were used to prepare hard gelatin
capsules for two optimum types for apigenin nanocrystals prepared in our laboratory utilizing ultrasonication technique using 1% tween 80 (F6) and 2% poloxamer 188 (F20). The results showed that the marketed capsules (containing MCC) had about half the dissolution rate than all the prepared nanocrystals capsules formulas, and the nanocrystals prepared with poloxamer gave 90% release within 20 minutes and 100% release with 2 hours with excellent flow properties with no effect of the added diluents while the addition of diluents improved significantly the release of nanocrystals capsules (F6) with 1% tween 80 with good flow properties. The results suggested that utilizing apigenin nanocrystals prepared by ultrasonication technique may improve drug absorption and bioavailability with a reduced required dose.
Design, Molecular Docking, Synthesis of Aromatic Amino Acids Linked to Cephalexin.
Authors: Yasir F. Muhsin  , Shakir M. Alwan  , Ayad Kareem Khan  
Published: April 2022

Infections caused by bacteria have a significant impact on public health. Chemical synthesis of new derivatives of cephalexin inked to amino acid (tryptophan or histidine) through an amide bond at the acyl side chain is achieved. This is a new
approach of incorporating, tryptophan and histidine into the the primary amino group of cephalexin, in order to provide a bulky group very close to the β-lactam ring. This chemical addition act as isosteric group to the alkoximino that protect beta lactam ring from bacterial beta lactamase enzyme. The new derivatives may show resistance to β-lactamases, improve activity and pharmacokinetic properties and may give new life for old drugs that are susceptible to hydrolysis by most β-lactamases. The chemical structures of these derivatives were confirmed by: FTIR, 1H-NMR spectroscopy, elemental micro analysis and some physical properties. Molecular docking on serine beta lactamase and prediction of ADME parameters were recorded using GOLD suite and Swiss ADME software respectively. Docking scores of the new derivatives of Cephalexin on β-lactamases were higher than those of Cephalexin, which may indicate better activity
Development and validation of bioanalytical method for the determination of valsartan in human plasma
Authors: Samir Hasson Aziz Ramadhan  
Published: April 2022

A bioanalytical method which utilizes high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry method has been developed and validated for the quantification of valsartan in human plasma. The samples were processed by precipitation with formic acid then extracted with diethyl ether. Benazepril

was used as an internal standard. The chromatographic separation is performed through C18 column with a mobile phase consisting of deionized water, acetonitrile and formic acid, followed by mass spectrometric detection in the positive ionization mode. The proposed method was specific and had been validated in the linear range of 50.0 – 5000.0 ng/ml for valsartan. The validation results were as follows: the intra-day and inter-day precision were 3.46 to 8.33% and 5.85 to 7.05% respectively, the intra-day and inter-day accuracy were 93.53 to 107.13% and 95.26 to 104.0% respectively. The recovery for valsartan and benazepril was 81.4% and 113.7% respectively. Also, stability was studied and the results obtained for short-term stability 99.24 to 102.32%, for freeze / thaw stability 99.75 to 99.95% and for long-term stability 98.24 to 103.03%. It can be concluded that the method can be applied in pharmacokinetic bioequivalence studies.
PERAN KETERIKATAN DOSEN DALAM MENINGKATKAN KINERJA PERGURUAN TINGGI SWASTA ACEH SELAMA COVID-19
Authors: Muhammad Zainal Abidin  , Lubis Abdul Rahman , Muslim A. Djalil  , Nurdasila Darsono  
Published: April 2022

Peneliti menginvestigasi hubungan employee engagement, meeting application, leadership dan organization performance. Riset ini mengkombinasikan model social media usage yang telah dikembangkan sebelumnya dengan engagement model oleh William Khan. Riset ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan populasi lembaga perguruan tinggi swasta di Propinsi Aceh dan jumlah sampel 280 orang dosen yang diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling berdasarkan pada kriteria tertentu. Hasil analisis model persamaan struktural menunjukan bahwa kinerja perguruan tinggi swasta di aceh dapat dipengaruhi oleh employee engagement, meeting application, dan leadership.