bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drought induces epitranscriptome and proteome changes in stem-differentiating xylem of Populus trichocarpa
Authors: Gao Yubang , Liu Xuqing , Jin Yandong , Wu Ji , Li Shuang , Li Yaxing , Chen Binqing , Zhang Yaxin , Wei Linxiao , Li Wei , Li Ruili , Lin Chentao , Reddy Anireddy S N , Jaiswal Pankaj , Gu Lianfeng 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Understanding gene expression and regulation requires insights into RNA transcription, processing, modification, and translation. However, the relationship between the epitranscriptome and the proteome under drought stress remains undetermined in poplar (Populus trichocarpa). In this study, we used Nanopore direct RNA sequencing and tandem mass tag-based proteomic analysis to examine epitranscriptomic and proteomic regulation induced by drought treatment in stem-differentiating xylem (SDX). Our results revealed a decreased full-length read ratio under drought treatment and, especially, a decreased association between transcriptome and proteome changes in response to drought. Epitranscriptome analysis of cellulose- and lignin-related genes revealed an increased N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) ratio, which was accompanied by decreased RNA abundance and translation, under drought stress. Interestingly, usage of the distal poly(A) site increased during drought stress. Finally, we found that transcripts of highly expressed genes tend to have shorter poly(A) tail length (PAL), and drought stress increased the percentage of transcripts with long PAL. These findings provide insights into the interplay among m6A, polyadenylation, PAL, and translation under drought stress in P. trichocarpa SDX.
Coherent polaron dynamics of electrons solvated in polar liquids
Authors: Singh Poonam , Zhang Jia , Ghalgaoui Ahmed , Reimann Klaus , Fingerhut Benjamin P , Woerner Michael , Elsaesser Thomas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAn electron solvated in a polar liquid is an elementary quantum system with properties governed by electric interactions with a fluctuating molecular environment. In the prevailing single particle picture, the quantum ground and excited states are determined by a self-consistent potential, as defined by the particular local configuration of the solvation shell. This description neglects collective many-body excitations, which arise from the coupling of electronic degrees of freedom and nuclear motions of the environment. While recent experiments have demonstrated collective nonequilbrium electronic–nuclear motion, i.e. polaron excitations in liquid water, their relevance in the broader context of polar liquids has remained unexplored. Here, we study the nonequilibrium dielectric response of the, compared to water, less polar alcohols isopropanol, and ethylene glycol, that also display a different hydrogen bond pattern. We demonstrate that ultrafast relaxation of photogenerated electrons impulsively induces coherent charge oscillations, which persist for some 10 ps. They emit electric waves in a frequency range from 0.1 to 2 THz, depending on electron concentration. Oscillation frequencies and line shapes are reproduced by a unified polaron picture for alcohols and water, which is based on a Clausius–Mossotti local field approach for the THz dielectric function. The analysis suggests a longitudinal character of many-body polaron excitations and a weak coupling to transverse excitations, supported by the underdamped character of charge oscillations. Polaron dynamics are governed by the long-range Coulomb interaction between an excess electron and several thousands of polar solvent molecules, while local electron solvation geometries play a minor role.
Gains in Daily Stepping Activity in People With Chronic Stroke After High-Intensity Gait Training in Variable Contexts
Authors: Hornby T George , Plawecki Abbey , Lotter Jennifer K , Scofield Molly E , Lucas Emily , Henderson Christopher E 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveMany physical therapist interventions provided to individuals with chronic stroke can lead to gains in gait speed or endurance (eg, 6-Minute Walk Test [6MWT]), although changes in objective measures of participation are not often observed. The goal of this study was to determine the influence of different walking interventions on daily stepping (steps per day) and the contributions of demographic, training, and clinical measures to these changes.MethodsIn this secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial, steps per day at baseline and changes in steps per day following 1 of 3 locomotor interventions were evaluated in individuals who were ambulatory and &gt;6 months after stroke. Data were collected on 58 individuals who received ≤30 sessions of high-intensity training (HIT) in variable contexts (eg, tasks and environments; n = 19), HIT focused on forward walking (n = 19), or low-intensity variable training (n = 20). Primary outcomes were steps per day at baseline, at post-training, and at a 3-month follow-up, and secondary outcomes were gait speed, 6MWT, balance, and balance confidence. Correlation and regression analyses identified demographic and clinical variables associated with steps per day.ResultsGains in steps per day were observed across all groups combined, with no between-group differences; post hoc within-group analyses revealed significant gains only following HIT in variable contexts. Both HIT groups showed gains in endurance (6MWT), with increases in balance confidence only following HIT in variable contexts. Changes in steps per day were associated primarily with gains in 6MWT, with additional associations with baseline 6MWT, lower-extremity Fugl-Meyer scores, and changes in balance confidence.ConclusionHIT in variable contexts elicited gains in daily stepping, with changes primarily associated with gains in gait endurance.ImpactProviding HIT in variable contexts appears to improve measures of participation (eg, daily stepping) that may be associated with clinical measures of function. Gains in multiple measures of mobility and participation with HIT in variable contexts may improve the efficiency and value of physical therapy services.
Racial and ethnic disparities in access to gynecologic care
Authors: Mercier Ann Marie , Carter Stormie R. , Manning Nirvana 
Published: June 2022

Purpose of review
Despite efforts to minimize patient barriers to equitable care, health disparities persist in gynecology. This paper seeks to highlight racial and ethnic disparities in gynecologic care as represented by recent literature.

Recent findings
Disparities exist among many areas including preventive screenings, vaccination rates, contraception use, infertility, and oncologic care. These can be identified at the patient, physician, and institutional levels.

Summary
As we identify these social disparities in healthcare, we gain valuable knowledge of where our efforts are lacking and where we can further improve the health of women. Future research should focus on identifying and combating such disparities with measurable changes in health outcomes.
Limited English proficiency in the labor and delivery unit
Authors: Togioka Brandon M. , Seligman Katherine M. , Delgado Carlos M. 
Published: June 2022

Purpose of review
Limited English proficiency (LEP) impacts patient access to safe and comprehensive care during the antepartum, intrapartum, and postpartum periods. In this review, we explore disparities in care delivery and outcomes that LEP women experience, and discuss the importance of providing language concordant care and using interpretation services appropriately.

Recent findings
The number of individuals with LEP is steadily increasing in the United States. Pregnant women with LEP suffer disparities in obstetric care and are at risk for postpartum depression, breastfeeding difficulties, and substandard newborn care after neonatal ICU discharge because of insufficient education. Addressing these issues requires the implementation of language concordant care and education, along with the utilization of medically trained interpreters. Although further evidence is needed, the authors support these interventions to improve patient satisfaction, decrease medical errors, and curtail misdiagnoses.

Summary
The pregnant woman with limited English proficiency is at risk of receiving suboptimal care and experiencing negative outcomes during the antepartum, intrapartum, and postpartum periods. The use of medically trained interpreters and the provision of language concordant care, through workforce diversification and the creation of forms and educational materials in diverse languages, can improve patient safety, outcomes, and quality of care.
Medical disease and ambulatory surgery, new insights in patient selection based on medical disease
Authors: Fuchs-Buder Thomas , Rosenberg Jacob 
Published: June 2022

Purpose of review
Improvements in perioperative care contributed to enlarge the eligibility criteria for day case surgery and more and more patients with comorbidities may be concerned. However, underlying medical diseases may influence postoperative outcomes, and therefore, must be considered when selecting patients to undergo ambulatory surgery.

Recent findings
To limit postoperative complications, rigid patient selection criteria are often applied in ambulatory surgery. In practice, however, most of these criteria predict the occurrence of treatable perioperative adverse events but not the need for unanticipated admission or readmission.

Summary
The underlying medical diseases should not be considered as sole criteria but they should rather be regarded as a dynamic process, which includes the surgical procedure as well as the experience and expertise of the perioperative setting.
How to optimize the perioperative care of patients with orphan diseases: what the anesthesiologist needs to know
Authors: Peck Jacquelin , Firth Paul G. 
Published: June 2022

Purpose of review
Despite a very low individual prevalence, rare or orphan diseases are estimated to collectively affect as much as 6–8% of the general population. These diseases provide a challenge to anesthetic delivery because of the lack of evidence to guide optimal management.

Recent findings
The expansion of information technology has made facts about individual orphan diseases easier to find. Several reputable websites, hosted variously by anesthetic societies, rare disease organizations, and government agencies, provide information about rare diseases and anesthetic management.

Summary
Improved access to resources of knowledge may allow for more informed anesthetic management of orphan diseases. The combination of a thorough review of existing knowledge about individual diseases and a structured anesthetic assessment may assist in the delivery of well tolerated anesthetic care of rare conditions.
Causes of health inequities
Authors: Lee Allison , Padilla Cesar 
Published: June 2022

Purpose of review
A renewed focus on U.S. racial and ethnic maternal health disparities has arisen following high-profile incidents of police violence and antiracism protests which coincided with the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, which has exerted a disproportionate effect on minority communities. Understanding the causes of disparities is pivotal for developing solutions.

Recent findings
Social determinants of health must be addressed during clinical care; however, race must be used with caution in clinical decision-making. Medicaid expansion has been associated with a decrease in severe maternal morbidity and mortality, especially for racial and ethnic minority women. Indirect obstetric causes are the leading cause of maternal death.

Summary
Policy-level changes and investment in marginalized communities are required to improve access to quality maternity care at all stages, including preconception, interconception, prenatal, intrapartum and postpartum for 12 months after delivery. Improvements in hospital quality and implementation of evidence-based bundles of care are crucial. Clinicians should receive training regarding susceptibility to implicit bias. To support the research agenda, better collection of race and ethnicity data and anesthesia care indicators is a priority (see Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1 {Video abstract that provides an overview of the causes racial and ethnic disparities in maternal health outcomes.} http://links.lww.com/COAN/A85).
Patterns of photoprotective behavior, cumulative sun-exposure and skin cancer risk among solid organ transplant recipients: a dermatology transplant clinic experience
Authors: Lonsdorf Anke S. , Enk Alexander H. , Hartmann Julia 
Published: June 2022

Background
The risk for keratinocyte cancer is dramatically increased in solid organ transplant recipients (OTR) with a first post-transplant keratinocyte cancer conferring a high risk for subsequent keratinocyte cancer arising with accelerated dynamics. Despite cumulative ultraviolet radiation (UVR) being the primary responsible environmental carcinogen reduced compliance with photoprotective measures among OTR has been reported. Risk assessment tools could help guide clinical decision-making and targeted prevention strategies for patients at particularly high risk for post-transplant keratinocyte cancer.

Objectives
To evaluate cumulative sun exposure by means of an assigned total sun burden (TSB) score, sunscreen use and associated risk factors for keratinocyte cancer in the post-transplantation phase of OTR.

Methods
A retrospective single-center cohort study analyzing medical records and standardized questionnaires of 290 OTR cared for at a German dermatology transplant clinic.

Results
Significantly lower TSB scores were noted in OTR not developing a first keratinocyte cancer compared to OTR developing keratinocyte cancer during their follow-up period (P = 0.005). Regression analysis assigned a significantly higher risk for the development of first keratinocyte cancer to OTR with TSB scores >10. In total 70.7% of OTR with a history of ≥1 keratinocyte cancer reported intermittent sunscreen use, while daily sunscreen use was overall associated with female gender (21.3%) and age >30 years (17.6%).

Conclusions
The risk of OTR for developing keratinocyte cancer is reflected by their UV-exposure patterns, which may be assessed by the TSB-score, a scored risk assessment tool. Complementing clinical data, the TSB score may help clinicians to identify OTR at particularly high risk for keratinocyte cancer and to endorse intensified prevention strategies and dermato-oncologic care.
Evolution of human papilloma virus prevalence in a highly vaccinated region in Belgium: a retrospective cohort study in Flemish women (2010–2019)
Authors: Huyghe Evelyne , Abrams Steven , Bogers John-Paul , Verhoeven Veronique , Benoy Ina 
Published: June 2022

Objective
In order to lower the incidence of cervical cancer, vaccines against high-risk types of the human papilloma virus (hrHPV) were approved and brought on the market in 2007, with a partial reimbursement for Belgian citizens younger than 18 years old. Since 2010, a school-based vaccination program ensures a high vaccination coverage in young women. In this study, the impact of the Belgian vaccination program on the prevalence of HPV 16/18 is studied, together with the evolution of the prevalence of other hrHPV types and precancerous lesions.

Methods
Results of HPV typing and cytology in papanicolaou-smears from women aged 20–23 years taken between 2010 and 2019 were used. An older, nonvaccinated group of women of 40–45 years old served as a control group.

Results
A significant decrease in prevalence of HPV types 16 and 18 was found in the 20–23-years-old women, whereas no decrease was found in the age group 40–45. Alongside this decrease, a significant decrease in prevalence of subtypes 6, 11 and 31 was observed, whereas type 31 is not included in the administered vaccines. Remarkably, there was no decrease in prevalence of cytological abnormalities in the study group during this study. There was even an increase in prevalence of high-risk types 53, 58 and 67.

Conclusion
These findings emphasise the need to maintain the screening programs, even in areas with high vaccination coverage.
Review of Corneal Graft Registries
Authors: Bergeron Emilie , Kyrillos Ralph , Laughrea Patricia-Ann 
Published: June 2022

Purpose:
Corneal graft registries are organized systems that collect and analyze outcome data (such as long-term graft survival and visual outcomes) after keratoplasty procedures. The aim of this review was to identify existing corneal graft registries and to describe their characteristics.

Methods:
A search of the PubMed database was performed on June 1, 2021, for articles pertaining to corneal graft registries.

Results:
The PubMed literature search yielded 958 publications, of which 116 met all the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Among these articles, 15 corneal graft registries were identified, including 6 regional registries, 8 national registries, and 1 multinational registry. This article provides an overview of their characteristics and discusses the main advantages and pitfalls of clinical registries.

Conclusions:
Clinical registry data are increasingly recognized as a valuable tool to monitor corneal transplant outcomes to improve health care services and optimize resource management.
Where Are We on Proprioception Assessment Tests Among Poststroke Individuals? A Systematic Review of Psychometric Properties
Authors: Jamal Karim , Penisson Adrien , Rostagno Stephan , Duclos Cyril 
Published: June 2022

Background and Purpose:
Proprioception is often impaired in poststroke individuals. This is a significant issue since altered proprioception is associated with poorer physical function outcomes poststroke. However, there is limited consensus on the best tools for assessing proprioception and support for their widespread use by clinicians. The objective is to appraise the psychometric properties of each test used to assess proprioception in poststroke individuals.

Methods:
A systematic search was performed according to PRISMA guidelines using the databases MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, PEDro, DiTa, and BioMedicalCentral for articles published up to January 2021.

Results:
Sixteen studies of low methodological quality were included. Sixteen different proprioception assessment tests were extracted. The proprioception portion of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment Scale was found to be the most valid and reliable tool for screening patients in clinical settings. Although no real gold standard exists, the technological devices demonstrated better responsiveness and measurement accuracy than clinical tests. Technological devices might be more appropriate for assessing proprioception recovery or better suited for research purposes.

Discussion and Conclusions:
This review revealed low-quality articles and a paucity of tests with good psychometric properties available to clinicians to properly screen and assess all subcomponents of proprioception. In perspective, technological devices, such as robotic orthoses or muscle vibration, may provide the best potential for assessing the different subcomponents of proprioception. Further studies should be conducted to develop and investigate such approaches.

Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, available at:
http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A388
Assessment of Walking Speed and Distance Post-Stroke Increases After Providing a Theory-Based Toolkit
Authors: Salbach Nancy M. , MacKay-Lyons Marilyn , Howe Jo-Anne , McDonald Alison , Solomon Patricia , Bayley Mark T. , McEwen Sara , Nelson Michelle , Bulmer Beverly , Lovasi Gina S. 
Published: June 2022

Background and Purpose:
While underutilized, poststroke administration of the 10-m walk test (10mWT) and 6-minute walk test (6MWT) can improve care and is considered best practice. We aimed to evaluate provision of a toolkit designed to increase use of these tests by physical therapists (PTs).

Methods:
In a before-and-after study, 54 PTs and professional leaders in 9 hospitals were provided a toolkit and access to a clinical expert over a 5-month period. The toolkit comprised a guide, smartphone app, and video, and described how to set up walkways, implement learning sessions, administer walk tests, and interpret and apply test results clinically. The proportion of hospital visits for which each walk test score was documented at least once (based on abstracted health records of ambulatory patients) were compared over 8-month periods pre- and post-intervention using generalized mixed models.

Results:
Data from 347 and 375 pre- and postintervention hospital visits, respectively, were analyzed. Compared with preintervention, the odds of implementing the 10mWT were 12 times greater (odds ratio [OR] = 12.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 5.8, 26.3), and of implementing the 6MWT were approximately 4 times greater (OR = 3.9, 95% CI 2.3, 6.7), post-intervention, after adjusting for hospital setting, ambulation ability, presence of aphasia and cognitive impairment, and provider-level clustering. Unadjusted change in the percentage of visits for which the 10mWT/6MWT was documented at least once was smallest in acute care settings (2.0/3.8%), and largest in inpatient and outpatient rehabilitation settings (28.0/19.9% and 29.4/23.4%, respectively).

Discussion and Conclusions:
Providing a comprehensive toolkit to hospitals with professional leaders likely contributed to increasing 10mWT and 6MWT administration during inpatient and outpatient stroke rehabilitation.

Video Abstract available for more insights from the authors (see the Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, available at: http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A390).
Effect of Motor Intervention for Infants and Toddlers With Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Baker Aubrey , Niles Natalie , Kysh Lynn , Sargent Barbara 
Published: June 2022

Purpose:
To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effect of motor intervention on motor function of infants and toddlers with cerebral palsy (CP).

Methods:
Four databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of motor interventions for children with or at high risk of CP younger than 36 months. Studies were excluded if less than 50% of children developed CP.

Results:
Eleven RCTs included 363 children; 85% diagnosed with CP. Very low-quality evidence supports that: (1) task-specific motor training was more effective than standard care for improving motor function (small effect), (2) constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) may be more effective than bimanual play or massage for improving function of the more affected hand (moderate effect), and high-intensity treadmill training is no more effective than low-intensity for improving walking.

Conclusions:
Very low-quality evidence supports that task-specific motor training and CIMT may improve motor function of infants and toddlers with CP.
The Supplemental Digital Content Video Abstract is available at: http://links.lww.com/PPT/A382.