bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Challenges in implementation of patient‐centred care in cardiac care unit: A qualitative study
Authors: Charosaei Firouzeh , Rostami Shahnaz , Esmaeili Maryam , Molavynejad Shahram , Vanaki Zohreh 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimThis study aimed to explore the barriers to the implementation of patient‐centred care (PCC) in the cardiac care unit (CCU) from the perspectives of patients, nurses, physicians and nursing managers.DesignThis study was performed with a descriptive qualitative study approach.MethodsIn this study, the data were collected through face‐to‐face in‐depth semi‐structured interviews with 10 cardiac care nurses, one assistant nurse, two cardiologists, seven patients admitted to the CCU and nine nursing managers and analysed by Graneheim and Lundman content analysis method.ResultsAfter analysing the data, eight subcategories and three main categories were extracted. The main categories includedchallenges related to: organization, healthcare providers and patients. This study demonstrated the barriers to the implementation of PCC in the CCU. Insights into these barriers can guide interventions aimed at improving the quality of PCC in the CCU, which in turn can lead to improved disease outcomes.
Development and validation of the information security attitude questionnaire (ISA‐Q) for nurses
Authors: Kang Jiwon , Seomun GyeongAe 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of the study was to understand nurses' information security attitudes towards patient information. This study developed the Information Security Attitude Questionnaire (ISA‐Q) to measure the physical, technical and administrative aspects of information security for nurses and assessed its validity and reliability.DesignCross‐sectional study and scale development.MethodsExploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and correlation analyses were performed to assess construct, discriminant and convergent validity; Cronbach's α and test–retest reliability were examined.ResultsExploratory and confirmatory factor analyses yielded a 6‐factor, 30‐item solution. Six factors accounted for 60.19% of the total variance. The confirmatory factor analysis was achieved through structural equation modelling. Discriminant and convergent validity were confirmed. The internal consistency of the ISA‐Q was 0.94, and the test–retest reliability was 0.74. The ISA‐Q is an appropriate questionnaire for identifying information security attitudes of nurses, making it useful for developing systematic performance methods to enhance nurses' information security levels.
Perinatal mental e‐health: What is the profile of pregnant women interested in online assessment of their emotional state?
Authors: Andreu‐Pejó Laura , Martínez‐Borba Verónica , Osma López Jorge , Suso‐Ribera Carlos , Crespo Delgado Elena 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimThis study explores the profile of pregnant women interested in the online assessment of their emotional status according to their sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics, history of psychopathology, and healthcare setting used (private vs. public).DesignThis is a comparative and descriptive cross‐sectional study.MethodParticipants were 281 Spanish pregnant women assessed with the MamáFeliz (HappyMom) website.ResultsParticipants were probably to be unemployed, in a relationship, and generally had a high educational level and an intermediate economic status. Most of them were primiparous, had non‐complicated natural pregnancies and presented healthy habits and good physical and emotional health, despite 31.3% of them had a history of psychological treatment. Our results reveal the profile of women interested in the online assessment of their emotional status, which can contribute to improving future initiatives to facilitate rapid screenings of perinatal mental health by nurses in both public and private settings.
Random forest modelling demonstrates microglial and protein misfolding features to be key phenotypic markers in C9orf72‐ALS
Authors: Rifai Olivia M , Longden James , O'Shaughnessy Judi , Sewell Michael DE , Pate Judith , McDade Karina , Daniels Michael JD , Abrahams Sharon , Chandran Siddharthan , McColl Barry W , Sibley Christopher R , Gregory Jenna M 
Published: September 2022

AbstractClinical heterogeneity observed across patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a known complicating factor in identifying potential therapeutics, even within cohorts with the same mutation, such as C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat expansions (HREs). Thus, further understanding of pathways underlying this heterogeneity is essential for appropriate ALS trial stratification and the meaningful assessment of clinical outcomes. It has been shown that both inflammation and protein misfolding can influence ALS pathogenesis, such as the manifestation or severity of motor or cognitive symptoms. However, there has yet to be a systematic and quantitative assessment of immunohistochemical markers to interrogate the potential relevance of these pathways in an unbiased manner. To investigate this, we extensively characterised features of commonly used glial activation and protein misfolding stains in thousands of images of post‐mortem tissue from a heterogeneous cohort of deeply clinically profiled patients with a C9orf72 HRE. Using a random forest model, we show that microglial staining features are the most accurate classifiers of disease status in our panel and that clinicopathological relationships exist between microglial activation status, TDP‐43 pathology, and language dysfunction. Furthermore, we detected spatially resolved changes in fused in sarcoma (FUS) staining, suggesting that liquid–liquid phase shift of this aggregation‐prone RNA‐binding protein may be important in ALS caused by a C9orf72 HRE. Interestingly, no one feature alone significantly impacted the predictiveness of the model, indicating that the collective examination of all features, or a combination of several features, is what allows the model to be predictive. Our findings provide further support to the hypothesis of dysfunctional immune regulation and proteostasis in the pathogenesis of C9‐ALS and provide a framework for digital analysis of commonly used neuropathological stains as a tool to enrich our understanding of clinicopathological relationships within and between cohorts. © 2022 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
How we approach lymphedema in the pediatric population
Authors: Pateva Irina , Greene Arin K. , Snyder Kristen M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLymphedema in children is rare; however, it is usually a progressive and chronic condition. Accurate diagnosis of lymphedema in the pediatric population often takes several months and sometimes is delayed for years. Lymphedema can be isolated or associated with genetic syndromes, thus it is very important to identify the correct diagnosis, to select carefully which patients to refer for genetic testing, and to initiate appropriate treatment in a timely fashion. In this article, we review key information about diagnosis of lymphedema, associated conditions and syndromes, and current treatment modalities.
Management of childhood cancer survivors at risk for thyroid function abnormalities: A Delphi study
Authors: Welch Jennifer J.G. , Ames Bethany , Cohen Laurie E. , Gaufberg Eva , Hudson Melissa M. , Nathan Paul C. , Nekhlyudov Larissa , Yock Torunn I. , Chemaitilly Wassim , Kenney Lisa B. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThyroid function abnormalities can occur after treatment for childhood cancer. Evidence for the management of thyroid dysfunction among asymptomatic childhood cancer survivors (CCS) is lacking. We used a Delphi consensus methodology to expand guidelines for screening asymptomatic CCS at risk for thyroid dysfunction and explore recommendations for the clinical management of abnormal results.ProcedureA Delphi panel of 40 expert physicians representing oncology, endocrinology, and primary care participated in three rounds of anonymous, iterative questionnaires formatted as clinical scenarios. Consensus is defined as ≥ 90% of panelists agree with recommendation and disagreement as < 70% agree.ResultsPanelists reached consensus that CCS treated with radiation including neck, total body, whole brain, brain including the hypothalamic‐pituitary axis (HPA), and therapeutic meta‐iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) should have annual, lifelong screening using serum thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH) and free T4 starting within one year off‐treatment (98%). Panelists disagreed on continuing to screen CCS for thyroid dysfunction after immunotherapy associated with acute thyroid injury (31%‐50%). There was also disagreement on indications for brain (17%‐43%) or thyroid (50%‐65%) imaging, laboratory tests to assess the HPA (29%‐75%), and TSH threshold to initiate treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism. Lack of evidence was the most frequent rationale panelists offered for not recommending additional testing or medications. Panelists’ recommendations did not vary by geography, specialty, or survivorship clinical experience.ConclusionsConsensus was reached on most recommendations for screening and management of cancer treatment‐related thyroid dysfunction. Screening after completion of thyroid‐toxic immunotherapy, indications for imaging, and treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism are areas of disagreement for further investigation.
Locoregional failure after postoperative flank irradiation for nephroblastoma: Results from the French cohort of the SIOP‐2001 trial
Authors: Jouglar Emmanuel , Laprie Anne , Isfan Florentina , Dumont Benoit , Thebaud Estelle , Escande Alexandre , Supiot Stéphane ,   on behalf on the Groupe Français de Radiothérapie Pédiatrique (GFRP)
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo describe locoregional failure (LRF) after postoperative flank radiotherapy (RT) among French patients with nephroblastoma included in the Société Internationale d'Oncologie Pédiatrique (SIOP)‐2001 protocol.Patients and methodsIn selected SIOP‐2001 patients, planning with simulation computed tomography (CT) scan and posttreatment CT scan demonstrating LRF were registered and analyzed. LRF was contoured and classified as in‐field, marginal or out‐of‐field according to dose distribution.ResultsTotal 316 French SIOP‐2001 patients were treated with postoperative RT. Three patients with nephroblastoma developed LRF after flank RT. All failures were located within the retroperitoneum. In two patients, the relapse was within the RT field and in one it was classified as marginal.ConclusionLRF after postoperative flank RT for nephroblastoma was rare and exclusively situated in the retroperitoneum. These results point out this region as the most at risk of local relapse. A prospective evaluation of a target volume restricted to the retroperitoneum allowing the use of modern and highly conformal radiation techniques in order to decrease dose to normal tissues shall be encouraged.
Core concepts in pharmacoepidemiology: Validation of health outcomes of interest within real‐world healthcare databases
Authors: Weinstein Erica J. , Ritchey Mary Elizabeth , Lo Re Vincent 
Published: September 2022

AbstractReal‐world healthcare data, including administrative and electronic medical record databases, provide a rich source of data for the conduct of pharmacoepidemiologic studies but carry the potential for misclassification of health outcomes of interest (HOIs). Validation studies are important ways to quantify the degree of error associated with case‐identifying algorithms for HOIs and are crucial for interpreting study findings within real‐world data. This review provides a rationale, framework, and step‐by‐step approach to validating case‐identifying algorithms for HOIs within healthcare databases. Key steps in validating a case‐identifying algorithm within a healthcare database include: (1) selecting the appropriate health outcome; (2) determining the reference standard against which to validate the algorithm; (3) developing the algorithm using diagnosis codes, diagnostic tests or their results, procedures, drug therapies, patient‐reported symptoms or diagnoses, or some combinations of these parameters; (4) selection of patients and sample sizes for validation; (5) collecting data to confirm the HOI; (6) confirming the HOI; and (7) assessing the algorithm's performance. Additional strategies for algorithm refinement and methods to correct for bias due to misclassification of outcomes are discussed. The review concludes by discussing factors affecting the transportability of case‐identifying algorithms and the need for ongoing validation as data elements within healthcare databases, such as diagnosis codes, change over time or new variables, such as patient‐generated health data, are included in these data sources.
Staphylococcus lugdunensis in children: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Bowman Thomas Patrick , Deshpande Ashutosh , Balfour Alison , Harvey‐Wood Kathleen 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTImportanceStaphylococcus lugdunensis (S. lugdunensis) is a coagulase‐negative staphylococcus (CoNS), found commonly as skin flora in humans. While most species of CoNS are clinically benign, S. lugdunensis can exhibit a similar virulence to that of S. aureus. However, there is scant data concerning S. lugdunensis infection in the pediatric population.ObjectiveTo ascertain local S. lugdunensis infection rates and sensitivity patterns in the pediatric population.MethodsA retrospective analysis was undertaken of all S. lugdunensis isolates across a 6‐year period from 2015 to 2020. Data were collected from electronic patient notes and laboratory records. Matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization and time of flight mass spectrometry were used to identify isolates.ResultsNinety‐six isolates of S. lugdunensis were identified from 86 patients. Of these, 34 isolates were treated as an infection. Twenty‐three (67.6%) were found to have skin as the primary source of infection. While the observed number was small, central nervous system (CNS) sources of S. lugdunensis infection appear to be a significant source: all three isolates cultured from cerebrospinal fluid were clinically managed as infection. All three were associated with ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt infection. No cases of S. lugdunensis infective endocarditis were identified. About 18.6% of S. lugdunensis isolates were resistant to flucloxacillin.InterpretationS. lugdunensis is an uncommon but significant cause of infection in the pediatric population and appears to be a rising cause of CNS infection, particularly when associated with VP shunts. Flucloxacillin is recommended locally as the first choice of antibiotic.
Conformation control of triplet state diffusion in platinum containing polyfluorene copolymers
Authors: Lambeva Nikol T. , Mullen Claudius C. , Gao Xuyu , Wu Qingjing , Taylor Robert A. , Tao Youtian , Bradley Donal D. C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe spectral diffusion of singlet and triplet excitons in 9,9‐dioctylfluorene‐based conjugated copolymers is investigated using photoluminescence spectroscopy at both low (5 K) and room temperature (300 K). Inclusion of a N,N‐diphenyl‐4‐(pyridin‐2‐yl)aniline moiety into the polymer backbone allows subsequent cyclometalation with platinum acetylacetonate to increase the spin‐orbit coupling and yield radiative decay from the triplet state. For suitably low fractions (≤5%) of bulky ligand inclusion, cyclometalated or not, the resulting longer sequences of fluorene units are able to adopt the chain‐extended β‐phase conformation. Comparison between the phosphorescence spectral diffusion in glassy‐ and β‐phase Pt‐copolymer samples provide insight into the triplet exciton transfer in more‐ or less‐disordered conjugated polymer films. It is found in the glassy‐phase samples with shorter conjugation lengths that the triplet exciton relaxation becomes frustrated at low temperature due to a freezing out of the thermally activated hops required to move from one conjugated segment to another. In contrast, for films containing β‐phase chain segments, with increased conjugation lengths, this frustration is lifted as more hopping sites remain accessible through intra‐segment motion. This work demonstrates controlled use of changes in molecular conformation to optimize triplet diffusion properties in a member of the widely deployed fluorene‐based conjugated copolymers.
Is implementation of a hospital pathway for high‐flow nasal cannula initiation and weaning associated with reduced high‐flow duration in bronchiolitis?
Authors: Tarantino Laura , Goodrich Nathaniel , Kerns Ellen , McCulloh Russell , Burrows Jason 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundHigh‐flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy is widely used for children with bronchiolitis, but its optimal role remains uncertain. Our institution created and later revised a clinical pathway guiding HFNC initiation and weaning.MethodsA retrospective review of 1690 bronchiolitis encounters was conducted. Trends in the duration of HFNC and hours spent weaning HFNC as proportions of the monthly hospital length of stay (LOS) for bronchiolitis, hospital LOS, and escalation of care were compared using interrupted time series (ITS) models across three study periods: Baseline (HFNC managed at provider discretion), Intervention 1 (pathway with initiation at 0.5 L/kg/min and escalation up to 2 L/kg/min), and Intervention 2 (revised pathway, initiation at the maximum rate of 2 L/kg/min). Both pathway iterations provided titration and weaning guidance. Maximum respiratory scores were used to adjust for case severity.ResultsAfter adjustment for severity and time, both HFNC duration and HFNC weaning time (as a proportion of monthly LOS) decreased at the start of Intervention 1, but subsequently increased. During Intervention 2, both these measures trended downward, returning to baseline. Total LOS did not change in the baseline or intervention periods. Escalation of care did not differ from baseline to the end of Intervention 2.ConclusionInitiating HFNC at higher flow rates with weaning guidance for children hospitalized with bronchiolitis was associated with a reduction in HFNC duration without differences in LOS or escalation of care. These findings suggest that standardization through clinical pathways can limit HFNC duration in bronchiolitis.
Metolachlor metal–organic framework nanoparticles for reducing leaching, ecotoxicity and improving bioactivity
Authors: Ren Lirui , Li Wenjing , Li Qingjie , Zhang Daqi , Fang Wensheng , Yan Dongdong , Li Yuan , Wang Qiuxia , Jin Xi , Cao Aocheng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe adverse effects of pesticides has led to a series of ecological, environmental and public health issues. Amide herbicides are an important agrochemical, yet many are prone to leach and pollute the environment, which limits their further application. In this study, metolachlor (METO) was selected as a model pesticide and a controlled released nanoparticle (NP) system was constructed employing a zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 hybrid inorganic–organic porous material (METO@ZIF‐8).RESULTSThe synthesis parameters of METO@ZIF‐8 were optimized, and the loading content of METO@ZIF‐8 was maximized by a central composite design of response surface test. The NPs were regular dodecahedron with uniform size (mostly 54.3 nm diameter). METO@ZIF‐8 had high specific surface area and good dispersal in water. Moreover, it endowed the active ingredient with a pH‐responsive release property. The nanocarrier effectively improved the adsorption capacity of METO in soil and reduce the leaching by 10.3–21.7%. Pot experiments suggested that the control effect of METO@ZIF‐8 was 16.6 and 48.4% higher than that of METO emulsifiable concentrate (EC) and METO technical concentration (TC) at the recommended dose. Based on the excellent controlled release profiles, METO@ZIF‐8 did not affect corn plant growth and significantly reduced the risk of phytotoxicity induced by METO. METO@ZIF‐8 effectively reduced acute toxicity in zebrafish compared with METO EC.CONCLUSIONThis study explored the fabrication of a nanocarrier for improving the efficacy and promoting the environmental safety of leachable amide herbicides. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Silicon and boron on cauliflower induce attractiveness and mortality in Plutella xylostella
Authors: Cardoso Camila Pires , da Silva Nunes Gilmar , da Silva José Lucas Farias , de Mello Prado Renato , de Farias Guedes Victor Hugo , de Bortoli Sergio Antonio , de Souza Júnior Jonas Pereira 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundBoron (B) and silicon (Si) are fundamental for brassica nutrition, and in some cases, they have potential as an insecticide. Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), one of the most economically important agricultural pests, is difficult to control due to the resistance to insecticides and the absence of alternative control methods.ResultsCauliflower leaves sprayed with Si and B showed a higher concentration of the beneficial element and micronutrient, respectively. When evaluating the firmness of the cauliflower leaves, it was found that the plants with leaf sprayings of Si and B did not differ statistically from each other. However, they showed an increase in firmness, in relation to the plants of the control treatment. Leaf spraying of Si and B on cauliflower did not influence the number of eggs/female. The attractiveness index showed that both Si and B applications stimulated the presence of second instar larvae, being more stimulating in relation to the control treatment. However, the use of Si and B in isolation showed a positive result, since it caused high mortality in diamondback moth larvae compared to the control treatment.ConclusionThe application of both foliar fertilizers positively affects the attractiveness index of the larvae, being attractive; however, both Si and B caused high mortality (~80%). The results showed that Si and B have the potential to control P. xylostella and serve as a basis for alternative pest management in brassica crops. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.