bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Raise Your Brow on a Missing Tooth from Dental Arch—How far CBCT is Helpful?
Authors: Kalra Geeta , Kalia Vimal , Suri Nikita , Sharma Prabhat , Kalra Tarun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe aim of this article is to discuss the sequelae of a missing tooth from normal series of dental arch and the importance of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in diagnosis and treatment planning in such cases. We also correlate the position of an impacted maxillary premolar as seen on panoramic radiography with CBCT. Routine imaging modalities like intraoral periapical, occlusal, and panoramic view often give inadequate information which can be misleading to the surgeon. Exact location of an impacted/missing tooth and its relation to dental and vital structures which was previously a challenge to assess by the clinician, can now be very well interpreted with CBCT. In this report, a case of impacted maxillary premolar is highlighted with its image on the panoramic radiograph, its exact location/position on CBCT, and how surgical removal was accomplished.
Septic Mycobacterium Avium Intracellulare Extensor Tenosynovitis of the Wrist
Authors: McDermott Daniel G. , Hill Samantha M. , Desai Kapil , Jaggessarsingh Dana , Vitale Mark A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Mycobacterium avium intracellulare (MAI) infections of the hand, wrist, and upper extremity are rare, but potentially devastating atypical mycobacterial infections that can affect tendon, bone, and other soft tissues of the musculoskeletal system. We present an immunocompromised patient presenting with acute swelling and pain in the dorsum of the hand and wrist that underwent a wrist extensor tenosynovectomy with intraoperative cultures revealing infection with MAI. The patient developed severe progression of the infection with osteomyelitis of the distal forearm and carpal bones, multiple subsequent extensor tendon ruptures, and dorsal skin necrosis. The infection was eradicated with a combination of surgical treatment and antibiotic therapy. The case is discussed in context of the prior scant literature of infectious tenosynovitis of the hand, wrist, and upper extremity caused by MAI. This case report and literature review outline recommendations for diagnosis and effective treatment of MAI.
Enhancement of room-temperature magnetization in GaFeO3-type single crystals by Al and Sc doping
Authors: Wang Ling , Katayama Tsukasa , Wang Chaoyue , Li Qin , Shi Yun , Fang Yuqiang , Huang Fuqiang , Zhu Yinghao , Li Hai-feng , Yasui Shintaro , Huang Xintang , Yu Jianding 
Published: June 2022

GaFeO3-type oxides are promising multiferroic materials due to the coexistence of spontaneous magnetization and ferroelectric polarization properties at room temperature. As these ferroic properties feature a large anisotropy, single crystals are required. However, the magnetization of GaFeO3-type single crystals remains low at room temperature. In this study, we largely enhanced the magnetization at room temperature of GaFeO3-type single crystals by increasing the Fe content and co-doping Sc3+ and Al3+. Single crystals of AlxSc0.1−xGa0.6Fe1.3O3 (x = 0.01–0.04) were prepared using the optical floating-zone method. The single crystals were rod-shaped, with a diameter and length of ∼6 mm and 7 cm, respectively. X-ray diffraction measurements confirmed the ferroelectric polarization of the crystals. In addition, they exhibited room-temperature ferrimagnetism, with Curie temperature in the range of 326–338 K; the crystals exhibit magnetic anisotropy along the a-axis. The magnetization of the single crystal at 300 K and 0.3 kOe was 13 emu g−1, which is over ten times larger than those of previously reported single crystals with GaFeO3-type crystal structure.
Evidence of cluster dipole states in germanium detectors operating at temperatures below 10 K
Authors: Mei D.-M. , Panth R. , Kooi K. , Mei H. , Bhattarai S. , Raut M. , Acharya P. , Wang G.-J. 
Published: June 2022

By studying charge trapping in germanium detectors operating at temperatures below 10 K, we demonstrate for the first time that the formation of cluster dipole states from residual impurities is responsible for charge trapping. Two planar detectors with different impurity levels and types are used in this study. When drifting the localized charge carriers created by α particles from the top surface across a detector at a lower bias voltage, significant charge trapping is observed when compared to operating at a higher bias voltage. The amount of charge trapping shows a strong dependence on the type of charge carriers. Electrons are trapped more than holes in a p-type detector, while holes are trapped more than electrons in an n-type detector. When both electrons and holes are drifted simultaneously using the widespread charge carriers created by γ rays inside the detector, the amount of charge trapping shows no dependence on the polarity of bias voltage.
Effect of bed shrinkage on iron ore sintering process
Authors: Xu Jiarui , Zhang Xiaohui , Qing Shan 
Published: June 2022

There exist complex chemical reactions and phase transition processes—melting and solidification—in the iron ore sintering process. This will result in bed shrinkage and has an important impact on the sintering process and sinter properties. Numerical simulation was carried out in this paper, and it is based on the porous medium and double-energy equation model, coupled with the porosity shrinkage model. The influence of bed shrinkage on the sintering process was explored and revealed by comparing the calculation results, considering and neglecting bed shrinkage. The results indicate that bed shrinkage has less influence on the highest temperature in the area above 0.15 m of the sintered bed but it severely decreases by about 60 K below 0.15 m. Bed shrinkage makes the thickness of the combustion zone reduce by about 1.367, 1.398, and 4.367 cm at 500, 1000, and 1500 s, respectively. Bed shrinkage reduces the vertical sintering velocity, and the highest temperature of flue gas decreased by 77 K approximately; in addition, it also has a delay of 50 s to reach the highest temperature. The volume concentration of SO2 in the flue gas remains unchanged considering bed shrinkage, but it has a delay of about 50 s to reach the maximum value.
Soil nitrous oxide emissions in a maize (
Authors: Alvarez Carolina , Álvarez Carina R. , Alves Bruno J. R. , Costantini Alejandro O. 
Published: June 2022

Context An appropriate use of the fertiliser technology may lead to a more efficient N absorption and to the reduction of economic and environmental costs. Aims This study sought to quantify N2O emissions generated from soil and the residual nitrate (NO3−) up to 2 m depth in field conditions in a maize crop under supplementary irrigation and fertilised with two nitrogen (N) sources (UAN and urea) at increasing N rates (0, 80, 160 and 250 kg N ha−1) in the Semi-arid Argentine Pampas. Methods Throughout the crop cycle, emissions were monitored daily with static chambers during the first week after fertilisation; then sampling frequency was gradually reduced until the end of the experiment. Key results There were no yield responses to the use of different sources and N rates. Crop N uptake saturated at 80 kg N ha−1, reaching 300–310 kg N ha−1. Residual NO3− increased significantly with the highest rates of N fertiliser. Total N2O emissions differed significantly only among fertiliser rates. The N2O emissions were lower at 80 than at 160 and 250 kg N ha−1. Conclusions The N2O emissions measured were lower than those calculated by the IPCC, even when only direct emissions were considered. No grain yield increase was observed due to N fertilisation, with a non-limiting supply of N-NO3− at the beginning of the crop cycle and of N from mineralisation. Implications This excess of N can generate negative environmental effects due to higher emissions of N2O and residual N-NO3− that can be leached.
Ion-mediated desorption of asphaltene molecules from carbonate and sandstone structures
Authors: Ahmadi Pouyan , Aghajanzadeh Mohammadreza , Asaadian Hamidreza , Khadivi Armin , Kord Shahin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
As more and more oil recovery scenarios use seawater, the need to identify the possible mechanisms of wettability state changes in oil reservoirs has never been greater. By using molecular dynamics simulations, this study sheds light on the effect of ions common to seawater (Ca2+, K+, Mg2+, Na+, Cl−, HCO3−, SO4
2−) on the affinity between silica and carbonate as the traditional rock types and asphaltene molecules as an important contributing factor of reservoir oil wetness. In the case of carbonate and silica being the reservoir rock types, the measured parameters indicate good agreement with each other, meaning that (HCO3
− & SO4
2−) and (Na+ & Cl−) ions reached maximum bonding energies of (25485, 25511, 4096, and −4093 eV, respectively). As with the surface charge density measurements, the results of the non-bonding energies between the individual atomic structures agree with those from the simulation cell. In the presence of a silica surface, the radial distribution function (RDF) results determine that the peak of the maximum value for the distribution of the ions is 4.2. However, these values range from 3 to 6.6, suggesting that different ions perform better under the influence of carbonate rock. As these ions are distributed in the simulation box along with the adsorption domain, the conditions for sequestering asphaltene from the rock surface are made ideal for dissolution and removal. At equal ion strength, measuring the distance between the center of mass of rocks and asphaltene structures reveals a maximum repulsion force of 22.1 Å and a maximum detachment force of 10.4 Å in the presence of SO4
2− and Na+ ions on carbonate and silica surfaces.
Coherent energy fluctuation theorems: theory and experiment
Authors: Khan K , Araújo J Sales , Magalhães W F , Aguilar G H , Bernardo B de Lima 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Fluctuation theorems (FT) reveal crucial properties about the nature of non-equilibrium dynamics by constraining the statistical distribution of quantities such as heat, work and entropy production. Here, we report theoretical and experimental results regarding two FT for a new quantity, named coherent energy, which is an energy form directly associated with the coherences of a quantum state. The FT are verified using the two-point measurement protocol with an all-optical setup in which the system information is encoded in the polarization of one photon of a pair. From the outcomes of our experiment we directly assess the energy probability distributions. We also demonstrate an universal bound on the energy of thermal states under the action of unitary operations, which could be the first step to establish an arrow of time for reversible processes.
Synthesis and characterizations of sugar-glass nanoparticles mediated protein delivery system for tissue engineering application
Authors: Pal Aniruddha , Vel Rathina , Rahaman Sk Hasanur , Sengupta Somoshree , Bodhak Subhadip 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The present work focuses on the synthesis and characterization of a sugar-glass nanoparticle (SGnP) based reservoir type protein delivery system pertinent to tissue engineering applications. The SGnP nanocarriers were prepared via inverse micelle of sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate based on an anionic surfactant and subsequent flash-freezing technique. Initially, a total of five different grades of protein-free SGnPs have been prepared to examine the effects of systematic changes in starting concentrations of the aqueous phase, organic solvent, the molar ratio of water, and surfactant in controlling the size, shape, and uniformity of micelles. Evidently, the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) results confirmed that the SGnP can be successfully prepared. Subsequently, SGnP based protein depot has been validated using bovine serum albumin (BSA), horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5). The particle size, morphology, protein encapsulation efficiency and in vitro release kinetics were assessed using SEM, FTIR, UV–visible spectroscopy and Bradford protein assays. Excellent encapsulation efficiency (93%–94%) and sustained release behaviour of BSA (∼22% protein release after 14 d) and GDF-5 proteins (∼29% protein release after 30 d) were exhibited by the optimal grades of SGnP constructs with an average particle size of 266 nm and 93 nm, respectively. Furthermore, FTIR, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and NATIVE-PAGE studies results confirm successful encapsulation, stability and preserving the structural integrity of proteins placed into the core of the SGnP constructs. Evidently, a very high (93%) residual HRP enzyme activity signifies the capability of our SGnP system to protect the encapsulated proteins from process-related stresses. In vitro cytotoxicity and fluorescence cell morphology analyses using human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells affirmed good cytocompatibility of protein encapsulated SGnP. Overall, the study findings indicate SGnP nanocarrier-mediated protein delivery systems as a promising approach complementary to conventional techniques in tissue engineering and therapeutic applications.
Quantization, training, parasitic resistance correction, and programming techniques of memristor-crossbar neural networks for edge intelligence
Authors: Nguyen Tien Van , An Jiyong , Oh Seokjin , Truong Son Ngoc , Min Kyeong-Sik 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In the internet-of-things era, edge intelligence is critical for overcoming the communication and computing energy crisis, which is unavoidable if cloud computing is used exclusively. Memristor crossbars with in-memory computing may be suitable for realizing edge intelligence hardware. They can perform both memory and computing functions, allowing for the development of low-power computing architectures that go beyond the von Neumann computer. For implementing edge-intelligence hardware with memristor crossbars, in this paper, we review various techniques such as quantization, training, parasitic resistance correction, and low-power crossbar programming, and so on. In particular, memristor crossbars can be considered to realize quantized neural networks with binary and ternary synapses. For preventing memristor defects from degrading edge intelligence performance, chip-in-the-loop training can be useful when training memristor crossbars. Another undesirable effect in memristor crossbars is parasitic resistances such as source, line, and neuron resistance, which worsens as crossbar size increases. Various circuit and software techniques can compensate for parasitic resistances like source, line, and neuron resistance. Finally, we discuss an energy-efficient programming method for updating synaptic weights in memristor crossbars, which is needed for learning the edge devices.
dipm: an R package implementing the Depth Importance in Precision Medicine (DIPM) tree and Forest-based method
Authors: Chen Victoria , Li Cai , Zhang Heping 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Summary
The Depth Importance in Precision Medicine (DIPM) method is a classification tree designed for the identification of subgroups relevant to the precision medicine setting. In this setting, a relevant subgroup is a subgroup in which subjects perform either especially well or poorly with a particular treatment assignment. Herein, we introduce, dipm, a novel R package that implements the DIPM method using R code that calls a program in C.

Availability and implementation
dipm is available under a GPL-3 licence on CRAN https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/dipm/index.html and at https://ysph.yale.edu/c2s2/software/dipm. It is continuously being developed at https://github.com/chenvict/dipm.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.
Pandemic and Social Work in Chile: Precarity, Precariousness and the Quest for Resistance in an Uncertain World
Authors: Reininger Taly , Muñoz-Arce Gianinna , Villalobos Cristóbal , Morales Torres Carla , Campillo Claudia 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn Chile, the Covid-19 pandemic overlapped with a socio-political crisis that arose in response to the neoliberal model imposed during Pinochet’s dictatorship. Social workers have been key to addressing the multiple vulnerabilities the population has faced during the political uprising and pandemic. From a critical perspective that analyses precarity, precariousness and resistance as a continuum, this article examines SWs’ employment and intervention conditions during the pandemic and the resistances that have emerged in this context. Drawing upon a mixed sequential study that included an online survey (N = 872) and forty-two semi-structured (online) interviews, we identified that precarity and precariousness affecting professional interventions have persisted. However, findings indicate that (i) younger and less educated frontline SWs were most affected by worsening employment conditions; (ii) the shift towards tele-intervention has not only led to transformations in professional roles but also in the emergence of new surveillance mechanisms and (iii) new types of professional resistances emerged that have been identified as individual and spontaneous but nevertheless explicit in nature. We conclude that the pandemic and the on-going political crisis present social work with an opportunity to advocate for dignified working conditions as well as changing the historical subordinate position of the profession.
Prefrontal-amygdala emotion regulation and depression in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Meyer-Arndt Lil , Kuchling Joseph , Brasanac Jelena , Hermann Andrea , Asseyer Susanna , Bellmann-Strobl Judith , Paul Friedemann , Gold Stefan M , Weygandt Martin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Depression is among the most common comorbidities in multiple sclerosis and has severe psychosocial consequences. Alterations in neural emotion regulation in amygdala and prefrontal cortex have been recognized as key mechanism of depression but never been investigated in multiple sclerosis depression. In this cross-sectional observational study, we employed a functional MRI task investigating neural emotion regulation by contrasting regulated versus unregulated negative stimulus perception in 16 persons with multiple sclerosis and depression (47.9 ± 11.8 years; 14 female) and 26 persons with multiple sclerosis but without depression (47.3 ± 11.7 years; 14 female). We tested the impact of depression and its interaction with lesions in amygdala-prefrontal fibre tracts on brain activity reflecting emotion regulation. A potential impact of sex, age, information processing speed, disease duration, overall lesion load, grey matter fraction, and treatment was taken into account in these analyses. Patients with depression were less able (i) to downregulate negative emotions than those without (t = −2.25, P = 0.012, β = −0.33) on a behavioural level according to self-report data and (ii) to downregulate activity in a left amygdala coordinate (t = 3.03, PFamily-wise error [FWE]-corrected = 0.017, β = 0.39). Moreover, (iii) an interdependent effect of depression and lesions in amygdala-prefrontal tracts on activity was found in two left amygdala coordinates (t = 3.53, pFWE = 0.007, β = 0.48; t = 3.21, pFWE = 0.0158, β = 0.49) and one right amygdala coordinate (t = 3.41, pFWE = 0.009, β = 0.51). Compatible with key elements of the cognitive depression theory formulated for idiopathic depression, our study demonstrates that depression in multiple sclerosis is characterized by impaired neurobehavioural emotion regulation. Complementing these findings, it shows that the relation between neural emotion regulation and depression is affected by lesion load, a key pathological feature of multiple sclerosis, located in amygdala-prefrontal tracts.
Uncovering individual differences in fine-scale dynamics of functional connectivity
Authors: Cutts Sarah A , Faskowitz Joshua , Betzel Richard F , Sporns Olaf 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFunctional connectivity (FC) profiles contain subject-specific features that are conserved across time and have potential to capture brain–behavior relationships. Most prior work has focused on spatial features (nodes and systems) of these FC fingerprints, computed over entire imaging sessions. We propose a method for temporally filtering FC, which allows selecting specific moments in time while also maintaining the spatial pattern of node-based activity. To this end, we leverage a recently proposed decomposition of FC into edge time series (eTS). We systematically analyze functional magnetic resonance imaging frames to define features that enhance identifiability across multiple fingerprinting metrics, similarity metrics, and data sets. Results show that these metrics characteristically vary with eTS cofluctuation amplitude, similarity of frames within a run, transition velocity, and expression of functional systems. We further show that data-driven optimization of features that maximize fingerprinting metrics isolates multiple spatial patterns of system expression at specific moments in time. Selecting just 10% of the data can yield stronger fingerprints than are obtained from the full data set. Our findings support the idea that FC fingerprints are differentially expressed across time and suggest that multiple distinct fingerprints can be identified when spatial and temporal characteristics are considered simultaneously.
MicroRNA-9-3p: a novel predictor of neurological outcome after cardiac arrest
Authors: Beske Rasmus Paulin , Bache Søren , Abild Stengaard Meyer Martin , Kjærgaard Jesper , Bro-Jeppesen John , Obling Laust , Olsen Markus Harboe , Rossing Maria , Nielsen Finn Cilius , Møller Kirsten , Nielsen Niklas , Hassager Christian 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Aims
Resuscitated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients who remain comatose after hospital arrival are at high risk of mortality due to anoxic brain injury. MicroRNA are small–non-coding RNA molecules ultimately involved in gene-silencing. They show promise as biomarkers, as they are stable in body fluids. The microRNA 9-3p (miR-9-3p) is associated with neurological injury in trauma and subarachnoid haemorrhage.

Methods and results
This post hoc analysis considered all 171 comatose OHCA patients from a single centre in the target temperature management (TTM) trial. Patients were randomized to TTM at either 33°C or 36°C for 24 h. MicroRNA-9-3p (miR-9-3p) was measured in plasma sampled at admission and at 28, 48, and 72 h. There were no significant differences in age, gender, and pre-hospital data, including lactate level at admission, between miR-9-3p level quartiles. miR-9-3p levels changed markedly following OHCA with a peak at 48 h. Median miR-9-3p levels between TTM 33°C vs. 36°C were not different at any of the four time points. Elevated miR-9-3p levels at 48 h were strongly associated with an unfavourable neurological outcome [OR: 2.21, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.64–3.15, P &lt; 0.0001). MiR-9-3p was inferior to neuron-specific enolase in predicting functional neurological outcome [area under the curve: 0.79 (95% CI: 0.71–0.87) vs. 0.91 (95% CI: 0.85–0.97)].

Conclusion
MiR-9-3p is strongly associated with neurological outcome following OHCA, and the levels of miR-9-3p are peaking 48 hours following cardiac arrest.