bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water use in a young Pinus taeda bioenergy plantation: Effect of intensive management on stand evapotranspiration
Authors: Ruzol Roel , Staudhammer Christina L. , Younger Seth , Aubrey Doug P. , Loescher Henry W. , Jackson C. Rhett , Starr Gregory 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe increasing demand for plant‐derived bioenergy is projected to expand tree plantations with intensive silviculture and improved tree genetics. These silvicultural practices result in faster stand development and canopy closure, which may also influence the systems' water dynamics. Here, we studied the evapotranspiration (ET) of a young (5 years old) intensively managed loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) stand and investigated the components of ET to determine its contribution to overall water use. We also compared ET with plantations that received less intensive management to determine whether our stand used more water. We used the eddy covariance method to estimate ecosystem‐level total ET (ETEC), while plot‐level estimates of ET (ETP) were obtained via soil lysimeters, sap flow sensors, and throughfall collectors, enabling measurement of the components of ET. Soil evaporation (Es) was the largest component of ETP (36%) over the course of the study, while transpiration and canopy interception accounted for 27% and 22%, respectively. Es decreased with stand development, while transpiration and canopy interception increased. Leaf area index (LAI) and precipitation were the most significant factors controlling ET and its components. Compared to previous studies in different sites that have similar age but lower LAI, our stand had higher water use. This high water use in the early stages of stand development was primarily due to high Es before the canopy was fully developed. While there are potential sources of uncertainty when comparing ETEC and the component fluxes in ETP, results from the two methods were not significantly different. This study had the advantage of using multiple methods to understand and verify the component processes that contribute to ET. Therefore, we recommend that multiple measurement techniques be used in the long‐term observation of ET, and in particular for the evaluation of the impact that intensively managed forests have on water resources in the southeastern United States.
Lived experience of people with adrenocortical carcinoma and associated adrenal insufficiency
Authors: Yeoh Phillip , Czuber‐Dochan Wladyslawa , Aylwin Simon , Sturt Jackie 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionAdrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare cancer with an annual incidence of 0.7–2 cases per million population and 5‐year survival of 31.2%. Adrenal insufficiency (AI) is a common and life shortening complication of ACC, and little is understood about how it impacts on patients' experience.ObjectiveTo understand patients' lived experience of the condition, its treatment, care process, impact of AI on ACC wellbeing, self‐care needs and support.MethodsSystematic review of MEDLINE, EMBASES, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Open Grey for studies published until February 2021. All research designs were included. The findings underwent a thematic analysis and narrative synthesis. Studies quality was assessed using mixed method assessment tools.ResultsA total of 2837 citations were identified; 15 titles with cohort, cross‐sectional, case series and case report study designs met the inclusion criteria involving 479 participants with adrenal insufficiency secondary to adrenocortical carcinoma (AI/ACC). Quantitative research identified impacts of disease and treatment on survivorship, the burden of living with AI/ACC, toxicity of therapies, supporting self‐care and AI management. These impact factors included adjuvant therapies involved and their toxicities, caregivers/family supports, healthcare and structure support in place, specialist skill and knowledge provided by healthcare professional on ACC management. No qualitative patient experiences evidence was identified.ConclusionACC appears to have high impact on patients' wellbeing including the challenges with self‐care and managing AI. Evidence is needed to understand patient experience from a qualitative perspective.
cis‐Aziridine Synthon Based Synthetic Investigation for Tamiflu Employing Horner‐Wadsworth‐Emmons Reaction
Authors: Chavan Subhash P. , Kawale Sanket A. , Gonnade Rajesh G. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSynthetic investigations to achieve a novel intermediate of Tamiflu by using cis‐aziridine as a chiral building block, which is readily synthesized from D‐mannitol as a renewable starting material, has been presented. The present approach utilizes the intramolecular Horner‐Wadsworth‐Emmons reaction as the key step for the synthesis of Tamiflu. On the other hand, diene containing allylic aziridine framework is found to be inefficient to furnish the six‐membered core skeleton of Tamiflu through ring‐closing metathesis reaction.
Reframe the pain: Divided attention and positive memory reframing to reduce needle pain and distress in children—A feasibility randomized controlled trial
Authors: Braithwaite Felicity A. , Noel Melanie , Jones Hannah G. , Wiese Michael D. , Nania Cara G. , Watson Emily , Stanton Tasha R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundNegative experiences of needle procedures in childhood can lead to medical avoidance and vaccine hesitancy into adulthood. We evaluated the feasibility of two new interventions provided by clinical nurses to reduce the negative impact of vaccinations: divided attention (DA) and positive memory reframing (PMR).MethodsChildren (8–12 years) were randomized into four groups: usual care (UC), DA, PMR or combined (DA + PMR). To evaluate feasibility, we undertook in‐depth analysis of video‐recorded interventions, nurse experiences (phone interviews) and child/parent memory recall of interventions (phone interviews at 2 weeks post‐vaccination). Key clinical outcomes included child and parent ratings of needle‐related pain intensity and fear assessed at baseline, immediately post‐vaccination and 2 weeks post‐vaccination (recalled).ResultsA total of 54 child–parent dyads were screened, with 41 included (10/group, except PMR [n = 11]). The interventions were not always completed as intended: 10%–22% of participants received complete interventions and two had adverse events related to protocol breach. Preliminary within‐group analyses showed no effects on child/parent pain ratings. However, children in DA + PMR had reduced recalled fear (p = 0.008), and PMR (p = 0.025) and DA + PMR (p = 0.003) had reduced fear of future needles. Parent ratings of child fear were also reduced immediately post‐vaccination for UC (p = 0.035) and PMR (p = 0.035).ConclusionsThe interventions were feasible, although enhanced nurse training is required to improve fidelity. Preliminary clinical results appear promising, particularly for reducing needle‐related fear. Protocol registration: Protocol number ACTRN12618000687291 at ANZCTR.org.auSignificanceTwo new nurse‐led interventions to reduce negative impacts of vaccinations in children, divided attention and positive memory reframing, were feasible and may reduce needle‐related fear. Nurses were able to deliver the interventions in various environments including non‐clinical settings (schools). These interventions have potential to facilitate broader dissemination of vaccinations for children in a manner that minimizes distress.
Multiple responses optimization of antioxidative components extracted from Fenugreek seeds using response surface methodology to identify their chemical compositions
Authors: Yang Jie , Zhang Zhenzhen , Wu Qimeng , Ding Xiaoyuan , Yin Chenyang , Yang Endong , Sun Dongdong , Wang Weiyun , Yang Yunqiu , Guo Feng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFenugreek seeds (Trigonella foenum‐graecum L.), one kind of traditional Chinese medicine, are reported to be of great potential as a new alternative in terms of their bioactive components. In our present study, an ultrasonic‐assisted method was applied in the extraction of antioxidative components from fenugreek seeds. Four factors: ethanol concentration, liquid–solid ratio, sonication time, and sonication power were selected and multiple responses were studied using the response surface methodology (RSM). The effects of factors along with the correlation between all responses (flavonoids content, 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, OH− assay) were studied. The regression model indicated that all four factors are of significant effect on all responses. The model predicted that the ethanol concentration of 72%, solvent‐to‐material ratio of 35 ml/g, ultrasonic time of 41 min, and 500 W of power would provide a flavonoid yield of 9.10 mg/g, DPPH clearance of 80.33%, and OH− clearance of 24.28%, respectively. The confirmation test showed the closeness of the predicted results with those of experimental values. And AB‐8 resin was successfully used to purify the fenuellus hulusi seed extract, and the flavonoid concentration of 78.14% was obtained. Six flavonoids (Swertisin, Puerarin apioside, Jasminoside B, Astragalin, Apigenin‐7‐O‐beta‐D‐glucoside, and Apiin) were successfully identified by the liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) analysis.
Do Mini–Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment predict high‐cost health care users? A competing risks analysis in The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing
Authors: May Peter , De Looze Céline , Feeney Joanne , Matthews Soraya , Kenny Rose Anne , Normand Charles 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesPolicymakers want to better identify in advance the 10% of people who account for approximately 75% of health care costs. We evaluated how well Mini–Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) predicted high costs in Ireland.Methods/DesignWe used five waves from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, a biennial population‐representative survey of people aged 50+ (2010–2018). We used competing risks analysis where our outcome of interest was “high costs” (top 10% at any wave) and the competing outcome was dying or loss to follow‐up without first having the high‐cost outcome. Our binary predictors of interest were a ‘low score’ (bottom 10% in the sample) in MMSE (≤25 pts) and MoCA (≤19 pts) at baseline, and we calculated sub‐hazard ratios after controlling for sociodemographic, clinical and functional factors.ResultsOf 5856 participants, 1427 (24%) had the ‘high cost’ outcome; 1463 (25%) had a competing outcome; and 2966 (51%) completed eight years of follow‐up without either outcome. In multivariable regressions a low MoCA score was associated with high costs (SHR: 1.38 (95% CI: 1.2–1.6) but a low MMSE score was not. Low MoCA score at baseline had a higher true positive rate (40%) than did low MMSE score (35%). The scores had similar association with exit from the study.ConclusionsMoCA had superior predictive accuracy for high costs than MMSE but the two scores identify somewhat different types of high‐cost user. Combining the approaches may improve efforts to identify in advance high‐cost users.
Impact of Industry 4.0 adoption on workload demands in contact centers
Authors: Tortorella Guilherme L. , Prashar Anupama , Saurin Tarcisio A. , Fogliatto Flavio S. , Antony Jiju , Junior Guido C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies on employees workload in contact centers. For that, we adopted the NASA task load index questionnaire to assess the workload of 100 employees from different contact centers in India that have been adopting I4.0 technologies. The collected data is analyzed through multivariate techniques. This study is grounded on concepts from the multiple resource theory. Our findings indicate positive and negative effects of I4.0 on employees workload, conditioned on the adopted technologies (i.e., Internet‐of‐Things, cloud computing, big data, machine learning/artificial intelligence, remote monitoring, and wireless sensors) and workload dimensions considered (i.e., mental demand, physical demand, temporal demand, overall performance, effort, and frustration level). Identifying I4.0's impacts on employees workload allows planning of managerial efforts to mitigate potential issues while setting clear expectations related to the digital transformation of contact centers' processes and services.
Human error in maintenance: A case study from China
Authors: Duan Dini , Zhang Zhisheng , Xia Zhijie 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHuman error is an essential factor that affects the quality and safety of industrial production. To deeply understand the human factors that cause failures in an organization from the perspective of maintenance personnel, we propose an analytical approach combined with Fault Tree Analysis and qualitative analysis and apply this approach to maintenance task failure incidents. These proposed methods are based on human factor classification and the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System. We conduct a case study to prove the effectiveness of applying our approach to the Chinese manufacturing industry. Results enabled the disclosure of the “latent factors” of maintenance incidents, helped improve human error analysis in maintenance incidents and helped to understand the fundamental reasons that affect work reliability and cause maintenance failures. This case study focuses on the impact of critical human factors on organizational effectiveness and operational reliability during maintenance activities.
The Role of Hydrazine in Colorimetric Probes Based on Ferrocene Derivative
Authors: Ma Xueyan , Liu Lixia , Wang Jia , Hao Yongbing , Xu Xiufang , Shang Xuefang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTwo colorimetric and fluorescent probes based on ferrocene derivatives have been designed and synthesized. Among studied anions (F−, AcO−, H2PO4−, Cl−, Br− and I−), probe 1 with p‐nitrophenyl hydrazine structure has the strongest binding ability for F−, as well as probe 2 for H2PO4−. It had strong binding ability and was not affected by other anions. The determination limit of 1 toward F− was 5.0×10−6 mol⋅L−1 which can be used for the trace detection of F−. The interacted process of host–guest accompanied by colorimetric changes and increment in fluorescent intensity of the probes. A 1H‐NMR titration experiment and theoretical investigation indicated that −NH in hydrazine participated in the interaction, and the hydrogen‐bonding formed between the probes and anions. These results provided an essential clue to the developing the colorimetric probe based on hydrazine participation.
Significance of hemogram‐derived ratios for predicting in‐hospital mortality in COVID‐19: A multicenter study
Authors: Asaduzzaman MD , Romel Bhuia Mohammad , Nazmul Alam ZHM , Zabed Jillul Bari Mohammad , Ferdousi Tasnim 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo address the problem of resource limitation, biomarkers having a potential for mortality prediction are urgently required. This study was designed to evaluate whether hemogram‐derived ratios could predict in‐hospital deaths in COVID‐19 patients.Materials and MethodsThis multicenter retrospective study included hospitalized COVID‐19 patients from four COVID‐19 dedicated hospitals in Sylhet, Bangladesh. Data on clinical characteristics, laboratory parameters, and survival outcomes were analyzed. Logistic regression models were fitted to identify the predictors of in‐hospital death.ResultsOut of 442 patients, 55 (12.44%) suffered in‐hospital death. The proportion of male was higher in nonsurvivor group (61.8%). The mean age was higher in nonsurvivors (69 ± 13 vs. 59 ± 14 years, p < 0.001). Compared to survivors, nonsurvivors exhibited higher frequency of comorbidities, such as chronic kidney disease (34.5% vs. 15.2%, p ≤ 0.001), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (23.6% vs. 10.6%, p = 0.011), ischemic heart disease (41.8% vs. 19.4%, p < 0.001), and diabetes mellitus (76.4% vs. 61.8%, p = 0.05). Leukocytosis and lymphocytopenia were more prevalent in nonsurvivors (p < 0.05). Neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived NLR (d‐NLR), and neutrophil‐to‐platelet ratio (NPR) were significantly higher in nonsurvivors (p < 0.05). After adjusting for potential covariates, NLR (odds ratio [OR] 1.05; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.009‐1.08), d‐NLR (OR 1.08; 95% CI 1.006‐1.14), and NPR (OR 1.20; 95% CI 1.09‐1.32) have been found to be significant predictors of mortality in hospitalized COVID‐19 patients. The optimal cut‐off points for NLR, d‐NLR, and NPR for prediction of in‐hospital mortality for COVID‐19 patients were 7.57, 5.52 and 3.87, respectively.ConclusionInitial assessment of NLR, d‐NLR, and NPR values at hospital admission is of good prognostic value for predicting mortality of patients with COVID‐19.
Diffusion‐thermo effect on MHD dissipative flow past a porous vertical plate through porous media
Authors: Choudhury Kangkan , Agarwalla Suman , Ahmed Nazibuddin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this study, we investigate the heat and mass transfer in MHD convective flow past an infinite plate, through a porous media in presence of radiation, diffusion‐thermo effect, and heat sink. A uniform magnetic field is applied transversely in the fluid region. The novelty of the present work is to analyze the diffusion‐thermo effect on the flow phenomena in the presence of heat sink and thermal radiation. The governing equations are solved by perturbation technique to get expressions for velocity, temperature, and concentration fields. The influence of various physical quantities on the flow domain is studied graphically and in tabular form. It has been found that when heat flux is generated due to temperature gradient, the fluid velocity increases whereas the fluid temperature falls due to the diffusion‐thermo effect. The current results have been compared with the existing results in some cases and it has been found that the findings of the present study are consistent with earlier findings.
The responses of three dominant species to increased rainfall under different grazing systems in a desert steppe
Authors: Song Yifan , Liu Tiejun , Wang Jing , Lu Yajing , Guo Jianying , Dong Zhi , Wen Yunhao , Pei Zhiyong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCompared with drought stress, our knowledge about the potential precipitation increase in desert steppes and its ecological effects is still limited. In order to improve our understanding of the responses of desert steppe plants to climate change and human activities, we performed a 3‐year‐long controlled water addition experiment in grasslands with different grazing systems. The results showed that increased water changed the plant height/above‐ground biomass/leaf‐tissue thickness of Stipa breviflora Griseb., Cleistogenes squarrosa (Trin.) Keng and Convolvulus ammannii Desr. by +23.86%/+77.35%/−19.09%, +14.67%/+162.34%/−16.62% and + 29.14%/+69.37%/−22.85%, respectively, compared to those in the control group. The net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and water‐use efficiencies of these three types of plants increased by 0.32%–43.71% with water addition, compared to the corresponding parameters in the control group. We also found that plant responses to increased rainfall were not always positive. Under the unique environmental conditions of desert steppes, increase in rainfall has a limited restorative effect on vegetation and an excessive increase in rainfall may actually inhibit plant growth and exacerbate grazing grassland degradation. Compared to rotational grazing and continuous grazing grasslands, plants in enclosed grasslands had higher restoration thresholds and better restorative effect following increased rainfall. Enclosure increased the adaptability and resilience of grazing grassland plants towards increased rainfall. Under the background of increased rainfall, while we look forward to the ecological restoration in desert steppe, we also need to be alert to the potential adverse effects of excessive rainfall on grazing grasslands.
The protective effects of NE 52‐QQ57 against interleukin‐33‐induced inflammatory response in activated synovial mast cells
Authors: Li Jianqiang , Chen Kunfeng , Zhao Zhijian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCytokines‐mediated immunity is essential for the pathological development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Inhibition of signaling has suggested a potential remedial approach to RA. G protein‐coupled receptor 4 (GPR4) has been proven to possess a broad range of physiological functions, but its function in synovial mast cells and RA is less reported. In this study, the protective effects of NE 52‐QQ57, a GPR4 antagonist, against interleukin (IL)‐33‐challenged inflammatory response in activated synovial mast cells were investigated. We report that IL‐33 amplified GPR4 expression in HMC‐1 mast cells. The GPR4 antagonist NE 52‐QQ57 alleviated IL‐33‐caused secretions of IL‐17, interferon‐γ, and tumor necrosis factor‐α in HMC‐1 mast cells. Furthermore, we note that NE 52‐QQ57 reduced IL‐33‐induced expressions of matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2) and MMP‐9. Also, NE 52‐QQ57 inhibited cyclooxygenase 2 and prostaglandin E2 expression in IL‐33‐challenged cells. Also, NE 52‐QQ57 ameliorated IL‐33‐induced oxidative stress by reducing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and 4‐hydroxynonenal. Mechanistically, NE 52‐QQ57 mitigated IL‐33‐induced activation of the p38/nuclear factor‐κB signaling pathway. We conclude that targeting GPR4 might be a promising strategy for RA treatment.
Protective effect of naringin against oxaliplatin‐induced peripheral neuropathy in rats: A behavioral and molecular study
Authors: Semis Halil S. , Kandemir Fatih M. , Caglayan Cuneyt , Kaynar Ozgur , Genc Aydın , Arıkan Sefik M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOxaliplatin (OXL) is a chemotherapeutic drug used for metastatic and other types of cancer, but it causes peripheral neuropathy as a dose‐limiting side effect. Herein, we used the rat model of OXL‐induced peripheral neuropathy to demonstrate the protective effects of naringin (NRG) in this neuropathy. In this study, rats were injected with OXL (4 mg/kg, body weight, i.p.) in 5% glucose solution 30 min after oral administration of NRG (50 and 100 mg/kg, body weight) on the 1st, 2nd, 5th, and 6th days. OXL caused sensory and motor neuropathy (as revealed by the hot plate, tail flick, rota‐rod, and cold hyperalgesia tests) in the sciatic nerve of rats. Coadministration of oral NRG alleviated OXL‐induced sensory and motor neuropathy. Levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2, Heme oxygenase‐1, nuclear factor‐κ B, tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐1β, Bax, Bcl‐2, caspase‐3, paraoxonase, mitogen‐activated protein kinase 14, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), acetylcholinesterase, and arginase 2 in the sciatic nerve tissues were assessed by real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Moreover, the protein levels of caspase‐3, Bax, Bcl‐2, intercellular adhesion molecules‐1, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and nNOS were examined by Western blot analysis. NRG treatment significantly improved all the above‐mentioned parameters and reduced OXL‐induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the sciatic nerve tissue. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that NRG significantly attenuated OXL‐induced peripheral neuropathy and might be considered as a new protective agent to prevent the OXL‐induced peripheral neuropathy.