bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of aerobic exercise on adiponectin levels potentially mediated by vitamin D in type 2 diabetic patients
Authors: Mudjanarko Sony Wibisono , Irawati Anugrahini , Tinduh Damayanti 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objective. The positive effects of exercise on adiponectin and vitamin D have independently been reported. Recent studies have suggested that vitamin D increases adiponectin synthesis through inhibition of the rennin-angiotensin system in adipose tissue. However, studies evaluating the effects of an aerobic exercise on adiponectin and vitamin D simultaneously investigating the potential mechanism of vitamin D-dependent adiponectin pathways in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are still limited. This study was undertaken to examine the effects of aerobic exercise on adiponectin and its association with vitamin D in patients with T2DM.

Methods. Total twenty-two patients with T2DM were randomly divided into intervention and control group. The intervention group underwent a moderate intensity of a walking mode treadmill aerobic exercise for four weeks. The exercise protocol was adapted from modified Bruce test with a periodic speed and inclination increase. In both groups, body mass index (BMI), vitamin D, and adiponectin levels, were measured before and after four weeks of the lasting program.

Results. The mean of the increased adiponectin and vitamin D levels after exercise was significantly higher in the intervened than the control group, but statistically significant difference was only found in the adiponectin effect (p=0.017). There was a significant association found between vitamin D and adiponectin in the intervention group after data adjustments to age and BMI (p=0.005).

Conclusion. Moderate intensity of treadmill exercise with increased speed and inclination periodically increased adiponectin level in patients with T2DM. The increased adiponectin might potentially be mediated by increased vitamin D, but the level of their association impact was dependent on the age and BMI.
From the Region Attracting to the Region Pushing Out the Population (on the Example of the Silesian Voivodeship)
Authors: Rakowski Witold 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Subject and purpose of work: The subject of the research is the Silesian Voivodeship, identified with the region which, almost until the end of the 20th century, was characterized by a positive balance of population migration in interregional flows. Since 1999, it has become a runoff area. The aim of the article is to present the size of the links in terms of permanent migration of the Silesian region population with other voivodeships and the resulting demographic losses that this region has suffered over 20 years.

Materials and methods: The research method is reduced to the analysis of data on the migration of people to and from the Silesian region in 1999-2018 with the use of statistical methods. The basic source of data that formed the basis for the analysis of inter-voivodeship population flows were the numbers included in the Demographic Yearbooks 2000-2019.

Results: The demographic processes taking place over 20 years caused a decrease in the region’s population by 251,934, of which 60,956 were inter-voivodeship flows, 97,059 for a negative increase, 93,919 for a negative foreign balance.

Conclusions: From the analysis of population flows between the Silesian region and the rest of the country, the following correlations can be seen:

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in the analyzed period of research, the attractiveness of settlement in the Silesian region decreased,

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the Silesian region showed the strongest migration ties with its immediate surroundings, which would be in line with Ravenstein’s law,

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the ties between the population of the Silesian region and voivodeships with a higher level of development, especially in the outflow, are tightening, and it is weakening with underdeveloped regions,

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the migration efficiency of the population of the Silesia region was the lower, the higher level of development was represented by a given group of voivodeships.
A Green Concept of Economic Growth and Development
Authors: Adamowicz Mieczysław 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Subject and purpose of work: The aim of the study is to present the concept of green economy and other notions and concepts related to it and to assess their significance for the formation of development policy and a practical solution to problems of socio-economic development.

Materials and methods: The paper is based on the analysis of documents and literature mainly referring to the concepts of “green economy”, “green growth” and “green deal” in the context of “sustainable development goals”.

Results: The paper deals with the reasons for the emergence of the greening of economic processes as a new phenomenon of contemporary development, as well as various definitions of green economy, green growth, the principles of implementing green economy and green transformation processes. The study presents the milestones for the development of the European and global green economy and green growth, and their relationsip to the concept and goals of sustainable development. The review of the concept of green economy and green growth comprises the definitions prepared by specialized agencies of the United Nations UNEP, UNCTAD, UN ESCAP, UN FGG, OECD, the European Union and the World Bank. The main principles proposed by international organizations to be applied in the implementation of the green economy transformation policy are also discussed.

Conclusions: The conclusions indicate a wide range of the concepts presented, the ambiguity of their definitions and the need for further research in this area.
Empirical Analysis of Financial Development and Financial Inclusion Nexus in Nigeria
Authors: Anthony-Orji Onyinye I. , Orji Anthony , Ogbuabor Jonathan E. , Onwe Israel Emenike 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Subject and purpose of work: The literature on financial development and economic growth is expansive. The proportion of individuals and firms that use or have access to financial services can be referred to as the financially included. Considerable evidence shows that the poor benefit more from access to basic financial services such as payments, savings accounts and insurance. Thus, this study analysed the impact of financial inclusion on financial development in Nigeria between 1982 and 2019.

Materials and methods: M ultiple r egression a nalysis w as e mployed i n t he s tudy i n o rder t o properly estimate the models and get robust results.

Results: The findings reveal that financial inclusion has a minor impact on financial development. Investment was also shown to improve financial development.

Conclusions: The study recommended that policies should be directed towards creating a more inclusive financial system in order to improve the current level of financial inclusion, so as to achieve better financial development in Nigeria.
Leadership in Organisations: Characteristics, Importance, Methods of Management in Different Sectors
Authors: Patejczyk Nikodem , Kobos Edgar Krzysztof 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Subject and purpose of work: The aim of the article is to organize the creativity of the researchers in the field of leadership. The phenomenon of leadership is present in all the organizations and structures, both official and informal.

Materials and methods: For the preparation of the article, scientific publications published in the 21st century and the last quarter of the 20th century were analyzed.

Results: An effective leader can build a team or institution from scratch, and an ineffective leader can lead to its collapse. As leaders vary, researchers have proposed several different typologies of leaders.

Conclusions: The scientific achievements so far developed by independent researchers in the analyzed area over the last 50 years enable effective verification of the activities of team managers. In the future, research should be undertaken to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the way in which leadership functions are carried out.
Coronary Artery Disease in People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Authors: Bajdechi Mircea , Gurghean Adriana , Mateescu Iulia , Zekra Lucia , Rugină Sorin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
People living with HIV live longer now due to highly active antiretroviral therapy. Due to their increased life expectancy, they have an increased cardiovascular risk cause by the traditional risk factors (smoking, use of ilicit drugs, obesity/lipodystrophy, dyslipidemia, diabetes, hypertension) and particular risk factors (endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, coagulation abnormalities, viral coinfections and antiretroviral therapy. The pathophysiology of accelerated atherosclerosis is complex. Coronary artery disease become an important cause of mortality in these patients. The incidence of coronary artery disease and especially of acute myocardial infarction is generally low among HIV patients, but it may by twice as high as in patients with the similar characteristics. Medical treatment for coronary disease in these patients has no special particularities comparing to general population, but possible drug interactions must be considered. Indication for coronary revascularization, either angioplasty, or aorto-coronary by-pass follows general indications for general population.
Post-Covid-19 Immunological Disorder: A Possible Pathological Entity in a 43 Year Old Man
Authors: Scarlat Gabriel , Dona Bassil , Procopiescu Bianca , Stoian Marilena 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background. Post-COVID-19 systemic inflammatory syndrome is considered to be an aquired immunological disorder, which may develop in some individuals after the remission of infection with SARS-CoV-2 and defined by inflammatory clinical manifestations (fever, arthralgias, cutaneous and mucosal pallor, physical weakness) and modified biological parametres (normochromic normocytic anaemia, increased serum levels of C reactive protein and rheumatoid factor), with no proof of an infectious process, to which corticotherapy may be a suitable therapeutic strategy.

Case report. A 43 year old male was admited in the Department of Internal Medicine for high fever (39,4°C), moderate polyarthralgias and physical weakness, with a negative test result of SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR. The patient had been previously diagnosed with a moderate-to-severe form of COVID-19, a month prior to the current admission. The patient also experienced transitory dry cough for a month, with no other relevant clinical abnormalities. Upon physical examination, cutaneous and scleral pallor was observed and lung auscultation revealed hardened vesicular murmur bilaterally. Blood analysis revealed normochromic normocytic anaemia and increased serum levels of rheumatoid factor and of C reactive protein, which suggested a nonspecific inflammatory syndrome.
Although blood cultures and other microbiological tests were negative for an infectious process, a chest X-ray was performed, which detected the presence of a nodular formation in the superior left lung lobe. Several differential diagnoses were taken into consideration, including pulmonary sarcoidosis and granulomatosis with polyangiitis, both of which were excluded, clinically and biologically.
A thoracic computed tomography (CT) was later performed, which revealed the presence of a tumoral nodule in the left lung, associated with multiple mediastinal and supraclavicular lymphadenopathies, indicative of lung cancer. However, lung cancer was also excluded upon the histopathological examination of paratracheal lymphnodes, which detected multiple areas of parenchymal necrosis surrounded by dense inflammatory infiltrates, formed predominantly by histiocytes. All of these findings resulted in the diagnosis of a post-COVID-19 rheumatoid syndrome, the only therapeutic strategy being the administration of high doses of intravenous and oral methylprednisolone, which improved the patient’s health.

Conclusion. Post-COVID-19 immunological disturbances should be taken into consideration in patients who experience repetitive clinical and biological inflammatory manifestations after the remission of the infection with SARS-CoV-2, which may be improved through high dose corticosteroid therapy.
Omicron Variant Behavior in a Couple: Vaccinated Versus Non-Vaccinated
Authors: Călinoiu Amalia Loredana , Rusu Adina , Văcăroiu Cristina , Lupașcu Cezarina , Ripa Alina , Cristian Ana Maria , Daniel Stăniloaie , Tomescu Luminiţa Florentina 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) may present as the common cold, or in a series of cases can also result in severe or fatal pneumonia with severe respiratory distress. Since the virus’s first appearance in December 2019, multiple studies have focused on clinical manifestations and biological features of different COVID variants in these five pandemic waves. Also, the variety of symptoms, the severity of the disease and the assessment of risk factors in each individual has continuously evolved among these two years, due to updated data published worldwide. The current paper presents the case of two patients, husband and wife, who develop a similar COVID-19 infection with only mild symptoms, although their disease history and COVID vaccination status is very different. They were among the first confirmed Omicron variant cases by genome sequencing in Romania and their favorable outcome despite the risk factors was encouraging for our every day practice.
Cryptosporidiosis: History, Etiology, Biology, Pathogenesis and Pathoanatomy - A Review
Authors: Dragomirova Petya V. 
Published: July 2022

Summary
Cryptosporidiosis is a protozoan disease, usually asymptomatic. However, in some cases, the infection can progress to gastroenteritis and, more rarely, to colitis. Intensive studies on the biology of Cryptosporidium started in the 20th century after the outbreak of a major waterborne epidemic. The interest in this parasitosis increased after the WHO identified it as an opportunistic parasitosis - an indicator of AIDS. In this regard, the purpose of this article is to provide a scientific overview of this parasitosis, analyzing the state and development of modern research in a global and national aspect.
LLETZ Procedure in an Outpatient Setting: Applicability and Cost-Effectiveness
Authors: Kornovska Yonka. I. , Tomov Slavcho T. , Yordanov Angel D. 
Published: July 2022

Summary
We present the applicability and cost-effectiveness of the large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) procedure in outpatient settings – anesthesia, postoperative pain, postoperative stay, and complications such as intraoperative bleeding, early postoperative bleeding, infection, late cervical canal stenosis, spotting, incomplete epithelialization, inadequate colposcopy). From Jan 1, 2017, to Jul 31, 2021, 189 patients underwent LLETZ at Medical Center “Prof. Kornovski”. The methodology includes the indications for performing the LLETZ procedure, the preparation of the patients, a description of the procedure, tools, technical parameters, the operation technique, and the postoperative period. We present the duration of the procedure; analgesics in terms of intraoperative bleeding; postoperative pain; postoperative stay; early postoperative complications (bleeding, infection); late postoperative complications (stenosis of the cervical canal, incomplete epithelialization, spotting before menstruation, and inadequate colposcopy). The LLETZ procedure is applicable in outpatient practice with low intra- and postoperative complications and minimum stay. Two main factors determine its cost efficiency in outpatient practice: the use of local anesthesia instead of general anesthesia requiring an anesthesiologist, anesthesiology nurse, anesthetic for short-term venous anesthesia, and the daily cost for an occupied bed – a financial factor in-hospital care versus the lack of daily cost per occupied bed in outpatient care.
Treating Chronic Pain Syndrome After Vaginal Surgery with a Pudendal Nerve Block
Authors: Malkodanski Ivan Tsv. , Mihaylov Ilia I. 
Published: July 2022

Summary
Chronic pain syndrome is a severe condition that has been recently recognized, and many methods for treating it have been developed. We present a case of using a pudendal nerve block for treating chronic pain after Bartholin cyst removal. A 46-year-old female presented with chronic pain syndrome, lasting eight months following Bartholin cyst removal. Treatment with non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs and opioids was unsuccessful, and pudendal nerve block was performed with dexamethasone and ropivacaine. The follow-up continued for a year, and no pain was reported. In cases of pudendal neuralgia, a peripheral pudendal nerve block is effective. Chronic pain syndrome is a complex problem, and a multidisciplinary approach is often required. This case represents the efficacy of pudendal nerve block in chronic pain syndrome after Bartholin cyst removal.
Restrictions on the Free Movement of Capital Affecting Third Countries
Authors: Palazov Petko 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The aim of the author is to analyse the legal restrictions provided by the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union on the free movement of capital to or from third countries. Those restrictions are reviewed in terms of the reasons upholding them, the objectives pursued by them and the hypotheses in which they are applicable. Practical examples are given, and relevant case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union is presented.
Analysis of the Military Spending During Challenging Periods
Authors: Pătrînjan Carina-Bianca 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Despite permanent international changes and given the pandemic context of 2020 worldwide, economic activity has been affected and Romania’s situation has not been different. This study is about an analysis of gross domestic product and defense expenses, especially the system of allocating costs and resources, which became a very important issue, taking into account critical decisions about their beneficiaries, depending on priorities, at European level and in Romania.
Determining the Performance of the Use of Resources in the Public Sector
Authors: Pîrvuţ Valentin , Huseraş Alin Teodor 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a comparative procurement of performance appraisal products, in the context in which there are several homogeneous, which can be delivered to the public sector (goods/products/services, etc.). The proposed method provides a summary measure of the efficiency, economy, or comparative effectiveness of each unit of analysis, as well as other helpful information in performance management. Such information may include good operating practices, and the setting of performance targets at which a unit/activity/product/service can be set, by reference to the size of the most productive scale, at which another unit operates. Identify an efficient unit as a model, to which an inefficient unit can be reported, to improve its performance and productivity over time. In the paper, a case study was conducted, which aims to identify the best levels of performance of the established indicators. Four product units were analysed (as an example, the performance of four types of projectiles with different characteristics was evaluated).
The Possibility of the Contracting Authority to Consult the Market Via the Electronic Procurement System
Authors: Popa Ioan-Gabriel 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Market analysis and research is a best practice activity for any procurement process. Market consultation is carried out when, following the market analysis and research, and as a result of correlating the information obtained with the need to be met, the contracting authority decides that it is necessary to start a dialogue with the market in order to describe the need. Once all aspects of the contract have been established, along with the scope of the contract, the type of contract and the benefits to be obtained, market research and analysis and/or review and update of existing information should be carried out so as to understand the context in which the contracting authority meets its needs and what approaches are required by the procurement in an economically and socially efficient manner. The information obtained from market research and analysis underpins decisions regarding the key elements of a competitive exercise such as, but not limited to: estimated value, qualification conditions, contract review clauses, etc.
Influences of Culture on the Management and Development of Economic Organizations
Authors: Stanciu Leontin , Stanciu Cristian-Lucian 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Culture creates, builds, influences and develops, and, alongside education, determines actual manifestations, which are specific to the nation for the problems that concern it, to the organizations, in their specific environment, to their management with the internal and external shareholders. In this general framework, the authors of the present paper aim to highlight the main influences of culture on the management of the economic organizations, investigating a number of approaches to the concept of culture, and the relationship between culture, management, organizational culture and development, at the microeconomic level.
Practical Aspects Regarding the Technique of the Method of Calculation and Accounting of Production Costs
Authors: Țîrlea Mariana Rodica 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The method of calculating costs by manufacturing phases is limited to the range of classical methods of calculating costs. Basically, the “classical methods of calculating costs” refers both to direct costs but also to indirect costs related to a unit of product. The method on calculation phases of manufacturing costs consists in determining the actual cost on each production phase, partly deepened to the product level at the end of the production process, respectively at the end of the management period. The aim of the research is the practical application of the method of calculating costs on manufacturing phases in order to establish the opportunity to use it in practice. The result of the research concludes in the fact that, typical of these methods, we discuss costing only at the end of production, materialized at this time in a posthistorical action, an action that requires information from the company’s accounting based on real costs, which is also a shortcoming of these methods, motivated by the fact that it is a final moment after which it is no longer possible to intervene with actions in any way.
Some Contemporary Aspects Related to the Big Data
Authors: Yankov Alexander 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The XXI century may well become not only the era of postmodernity, but also the era of ‘post-humanity’ in the sense that artificial intelligence and robots will displace human beings and, to some extent, human thinking. The article points out that the artificial intelligence, Internet of things and Big data are three factors that are crucial for the implementation of the 4.0 industry. At the same time the author stresses that depersonalization of a human being can gradually wean him to think, analyze and be content only with aggressively introduced patterns of stereotypical behaviour in the virtual space. The difference between the two concepts, namely ‘big data’ and ‘business intelligence’has also been discussed. The so-called ‘three V’, namely: Volume, Velocity, and Variety are underlined as the main characteristics of the Big data. The author concludes that in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic the educational process in the Bulgarian universities was carried out under the influence of big data.