bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of delayed sternal closure on wound infections following neonatal and infant cardiac surgery
Authors: von Stumm Maria , Leps Yola , Jochheim Luca , van Rüth Victoria , Gottschalk Urda , Mueller Goetz , Kozlik-Feldmann Rainer , Hazekamp Mark G. , Sachweh Joerg S. , Biermann Daniel 
Published: May 2022

Objectives
Delayed sternal closure is a routine procedure to reduce hemodynamic and respiratory instability in pediatric patients following cardiac surgery, particularly in neonates and infants. In this setting, the possible links between sternal wound infection and delayed sternal closure are still a matter of debate. As a part of our routine, there was a low threshold for delayed sternal closure, so we reviewed our experience with sternal wound infections with a focus on potentially related perioperative risk factors, particularly delayed sternal closure.

Methods
We retrospectively identified 358 operated neonates (37%) and infants (mean age 3.6 months) in our local congenital heart disease database between January 2013 and June 2017. Potential risk factors for sternal wound infections, such as age, gender, complexity (based on Aristotle- and STS-EACTS mortality category), reoperation, use of cardiopulmonary bypass, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, mortality and delayed sternal closure (163/358, 46%), were subjected to uni- and multivariate analysis.

Results
A total of 26/358 patients (7.3%) developed a superficial sternal wound infection. There were no deep sternal wound infections, no mediastinitis or sepsis. Applying univariate analysis, the prevalence of sternal wound infections was related to younger age, more complex surgery and delayed sternal closure. However, in multivariate analysis, sternal wound infection was only associated with delayed sternal closure (p = 0.013, odds ratio 8.6). Logistic regression revealed the prevalence of delayed sternal closure to be related to younger age, complexity, and the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Conclusion
In patients younger than one year, sternal wound infections are clearly related to delayed sternal closure. However, in our cohort, all sternal wound infections were superficial and acceptable, considering the improved postoperative hemodynamic stability.
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated factors among Bangladeshi slum and non-slum dwellers in pre-COVID-19 vaccination era: October 2020 to February 2021
Authors: Raqib Rubhana , Sarker Protim , Akhtar Evana , Nurul Huda Tarique Mohammad , Haq Md. Ahsanul , Roy Anjan Kumar , Hosen Md. Biplob , Haque Farjana , Chowdhury Md. Razib , Reidpath Daniel D. , Emdadul Hoque Dewan Md. , Islam Zahirul , Ahmed Shehlina , Ahmed Tahmeed , Tofail Fahmida , Razzaque Abdur 
Published: May 2022

Background
Seroprevalence studies have been carried out in many developed and developing countries to evaluate ongoing and past infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Data on this infection in marginalized populations in urban slums are limited, which may offer crucial information to update prevention and mitigation policies and strategies. We aimed to determine the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and factors associated with seropositivity in slum and non-slum communities in two large cities in Bangladesh.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was carried out among the target population in Dhaka and Chattogram cities between October 2020 and February 2021. Questionnaire-based data, anthropometric and blood pressure measurements and blood were obtained. SARS-CoV-2 serology was assessed by Roche Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoassay.

Results
Among the 3220 participants (2444 adults, ≥18 years; 776 children, 10–17 years), the overall weighted seroprevalence was 67.3% (95% confidence intervals (CI) = 65.2, 69.3) with 71.0% in slum (95% CI = 68.7, 72.2) and 62.2% in non-slum (95% CI = 58.5, 65.8). The weighted seroprevalence was 72.9% in Dhaka and 54.2% in Chattogram. Seroprevalence was positively associated with limited years of formal education (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.61; 95% CI = 1.43, 1.82), lower income (aOR = 1.23; 95% CI = 1.03, 1.46), overweight (aOR = 1.2835; 95% CI = 1.26, 1.97), diabetes (aOR = 1.67; 95% CI = 1.21, 2.32) and heart disease (aOR = 1.38; 95% CI = 1.03, 1.86). Contrarily, negative associations were found between seropositivity and regular wearing of masks and washing hands, and prior BCG vaccination. About 63% of the population had asymptomatic infection; only 33% slum and 49% non-slum population showed symptomatic infection.

Conclusion
The estimated seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 was more prominent in impoverished informal settlements than in the adjacent middle-income non-slum areas. Additional factors associated with seropositivity included limited education, low income, overweight and pre-existing chronic conditions. Behavioral factors such as regular wearing of masks and washing hands were associated with lower probability of seropositivity.
Genetically regulated gene expression and proteins revealed discordant effects
Authors: Pott Janne , Garcia Tarcyane , Hauck Stefanie M. , Petrera Agnese , Wirkner Kerstin , Loeffler Markus , Kirsten Holger , Peters Annette , Scholz Markus 
Published: May 2022

Background
Although gene-expression (GE) and protein levels are typically strongly genetically regulated, their correlation is known to be low. Here we investigate this phenomenon by focusing on the genetic background of this correlation in order to understand the similarities and differences in the genetic regulation of these omics layers.

Methods and results
We performed locus-wide association studies of 92 protein levels measured in whole blood for 2,014 samples of European ancestry and found that 66 are genetically regulated. Three female- and one male-specific effects were detected. We estimated the genetically regulated GE for all significant genes in 49 GTEx v8 tissues. A total of 7 proteins showed negative correlations with their respective GE across multiple tissues. Finally, we tested for causal links of GE on protein expression via Mendelian Randomization, and confirmed a negative causal effect of GE on protein level for five of these genes in a total of 63 gene-tissue pairs: BLMH, CASP3, CXCL16, IL6R, and SFTPD. For IL6R, we replicated the negative causal effect on coronary-artery disease (CAD), while its GE was positively linked to CAD.

Conclusion
While total GE and protein levels are only weakly correlated, we found high correlations between their genetically regulated components across multiple tissues. Of note, strong negative causal effects of tissue-specific GE on five protein levels were detected. Causal network analyses revealed that GE effects on CAD risks was in general mediated by protein levels.
Mercer University, the Georgia Baptist Convention, and the American Civil War
Authors: Sarah Mangrum , Tiffany Greer , Foster Holly A. 
Published: May 2022

Mercer University was founded in 1833 by the Georgia Baptist Convention to train Southern clergy. By the time the institution opened, state Baptist leaders, had broadened the college’s original vision to include any students desiring formal higher education. There were 39 students enrolled in that first class, only seven of whom were ministerial students. During the Civil War, Mercer University managed to stay afloat, unlike so many other institutions. However, the war took its toll and Mercer emerged impoverished and barely functional. In 1870, the university was relocated from Penfield to Macon. Discussions about the relocation began before the war and were resumed soon afterwards due to the college’s dire financial situation resulting from the war.
Ring Games
Authors: Soileau Jeanne Pitre 
Published: May 2022

Ring games are played in a circle, standing or sitting. The chapter features twenty-six recorded games played by children aged kindergarten to eighth grade. Small children especially enjoy circle games, as they give the players a sense of security since everyone can hold hands and the words are often easily memorized. Central player games, like “Casserella,”and “Mary Had a Party,” encourage creativity and develop ease with attempts at single performance. “When I Was a Baby” is of particular interest for its historic roots and for its reflection of particular elements reflective of the players’ ethnic community events of life.
Rhymes and Songs
Authors: Soileau Jeanne Pitre 
Published: May 2022

This chapter contains sections on all kinds of children’s songs and rhymes. There are nursery rhymes, schoolyard songs, and parodies of well-known tunes like “Battle Hymn of the Republic,” and “On Top of Old Smoky.” School is lampooned, teachers are tortured, and worms, diarrhea, and vomit appear as subjects of humor as children make merry fun of the adult world. Kids sing of “playing suffocation” and losing their virginity. This is the chapter adults might want to read most carefully if they want to find out what children talk about on the playground and at sleepovers. Some girls added cheers to the mix, while camp counselors sang songs and parodies of those songs they had learned as young campers.
Solo Recitals
Authors: Tan-Tangbau Stan BH , Minh Quyền Văn 
Published: May 2022

As Vietnam officially embarked on the road to reform in 1986, the music scene, as recounted by Minh in the previous chapter, had dramatically changed. Musicians were playing popular Vietnamese love songs for gigs and such opportunities were frequent and lucrative. The reforms rehabilitated the “freedom of creativity” for musicians and artists, even though the state was not yet willing to fully relinquish its control of what could be expressed in the arts. After his trip to East Berlin in 1987, Quyền Văn Minh was determined to showcase the saxophone and jazz as chính thống [proper mainstream] music. In two back-to-back concerts in 1988 and 1989, Minh performed jazz live in the public sphere
Hypercalciuria and hyperparathyroidism — is there always a connection?
Authors: Mirnaya S. S. , Eremkina A. K. 
Published: May 2022

Hypercalciuria is a pathological condition characterized by an excess of daily calcium excretion. A high concentration of urine calcium can initiate stone formation. There are several types of hypercalciuria, each requires an individual approach. In the absence of known causes of development, idiopathic hypercalciuria is a frequent dysmetabolic disorder defined as an excess urine calcium excretion with normocalcemia. Resorptive hypercalciuria most often develops due to primary hyperparathyroidism and is caused by elevated PTH and excess release of calcium from bone stores. A thiazide test can be used for differential diagnosis between these conditions. We present a series of clinical cases covered the thiazide test in outpatient practice. The definitive diagnosis is extremely important because it determines the optimal treatment strategy. Secondary hyperparathyroidism (an increase in parathyroid hormone as a result of vitamin D deficiency, chronic renal failure or other conditions) requires medical therapy, while the primary hyperparathyroidism is radically cured only after surgical intervention.Taking into account the prevalence of idiopathic hypercalciuria and primary hyperparathyroidism, it is actual to use the thiazide test more widely in clinical practice.
On correlated measurement errors in the Schwartz–Smith two-factor model
Authors: Han Jun S. , Kordzakhia Nino , Shevchenko Pavel V. , Trück Stefan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The Schwartz–Smith two-factor model is commonly used for pricing of derivatives in commodity markets. For estimating and forecasting the term structures of futures prices, the logarithm of commodity spot price is represented as the sum of short- and long-term factors being the unobservable state variables. The futures prices derived as functions of the spot price lead to the simultaneous set of measurement equations, which is used for joint estimation of unobservable state variables and the model parameters through a filtering procedure. We propose a modified model where the error terms in the measurement equations are assumed to be serially correlated. In addition, for comparative analysis, the modelling of the logarithmic returns of futures prices is also considered. Out-of-sample prediction performances of two proposed models were illustrated using European Unit Allowances (EUA) futures prices from January 2017 to April 2021. Historically, this period corresponds to the second half of Phase III, and the beginning of Phase IV of the European Union Emission Trading System (EU-ETS).
Construction of esterase-responsive hyperbranched polyprodrug micelles and their antitumor activity in vitro
Authors: Qiao Jianxia , Li Shufen , Yuan Haoyu , Wang Yujie , Li Jianhong , Wang Peilong , Duan Xiao 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This research constructs an esterase-responsive hyperbranched polyprodrug nano pharmaceutical and investigates their antitumor activity. Polyprodrug micelle was prepared by one-pot method based on glutathione (GSH), doxorubicin (DOX), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) under the catalyst of N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt). The polyprodrug was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (UV-Vis), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscope (TEM), respectively. The antitumor activity of polyprodrug micelle was evaluated by Hela cell and the distributions of micelles in cells were observed by fluorescent microscope. The NMR and FT-IR confirmed that the DOX-GSH-PEG polyprodrug was successfully synthesized. The drug loading rate is 10.21% and particle size is 106.4 ± 1 nm with a narrowed polydispersity (PDI = 0.145). The DLS showed that the micelles were stable during 7 days at 25°C. The drug release results showed that the micelles could be esterase-responsive disrupted, and the drug release rate could reach 43% during 72 h. Cell uptake and cell viability demonstrated that the micelles could distribute to cell nuclei during 8 h and induce cell apoptosis during 48 h. Overall, these hyperbranched polyprodrug micelles prepared by one-pot method could be esterase-responsive disrupted and release the antitumor drugs in a high esterase environment for cancer therapy in vitro. These results confirm that DOX-GSH-PEG is an effective nanomedicine in vitro and the endogenous-based strategy with one-pot synthesis to construct esterase-responsive polyprodrug would probably be a preferred choice in the future.
Perceptual evaluation for Zhangpu paper-cut patterns by using improved GWO-BP neural network
Authors: Chen Daoling , Cheng Pengpeng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In order to understand consumers’ perceptual cognition of Zhangpu paper-cut patterns and grasp the innovative application direction. The four design elements of paper-cut patterns were extracted by morphological analysis, and representative perceptual vocabulary were selected using Kansei engineering theory and factor analysis, then the design elements and perceptual evaluation scores of representative words are used as the input and output data of the GWO-BP neural network, respectively, to establish an intelligent model that can predict consumers’ perceptual cognition of paper-cut patterns. To verify the superiority of the model, the predicted result of BP and FA-BP are compared with GWO-BP neural network. The results show that although the convergence speed of the GWO-BP model is slightly lower than that of the FA-BP model, its prediction accuracy is significantly better than other algorithms. Designers can use the model to quickly redesign the paper-cut pattern to better meet the aesthetic needs of modern consumers.
The effects of different multimodal expressions on English learners of varying proficiency levels
Authors: Djiguimde Ritassida Mamadou 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Texts containing information in different modes are growing in number, technological sophistication, and quality presentation. In this changing semiotic landscape, it is timely to examine which mode combination(s) is most comprehensible for English learners. Accordingly, three text conditions – a verbal text, a supplementary text, and a complementary text – were examined for which mode combination(s) produces the best comprehension outcomes for English learners. Participants were intermediate learners (n = 111) and advanced learners (n = 111). Each language group was further divided into three subgroups (n = 37), and each of the subgroups was tasked with reading in one text condition and answering questions about the text. Participants’ comprehension scores were compared across the text conditions and language groups. The results revealed that the complementary text condition significantly impedes learners’ comprehension, and no significant difference was observed between the verbal text and the supplementary text conditions. These results indicate that learners did not engage in multimodal reading by integrating the various modes at interplay in the texts. For a complete literacy competence, these findings raise the need for engaging learners in deciphering texts from a multimodal perspective by establishing connections across the semiotic resources present in a text.
The effect of metastasis location on outcome after cytoreductive surgery and heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy
Authors: Hommelgaard Lise , Funder Jonas A. , Verwaal Victor J. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objectives
This study aims to evaluate how metastases in the seven topographical regions of the simplified peritoneal cancer index (sPCI) affect the survival of patients treated with cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) for peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) from colorectal (CRC) or appendiceal cancers.

Methods
Data was collected retrospectively from patient records. Abdominal regions affected by PC were identified using the histological verification of surgically removed tumours found in the electronic pathology report. Verified tumours were grouped according to the sPCI topography.

Results
One hundred and eighty-three patients treated with CRS and HIPEC were included. Metastases in the small bowel had a negative impact on survival with a hazard ratio of 1.89 (p=0.005). A significantly impaired survival was also detected for patients affected by metastases in the ileocolic region (p=0.01) and in the omentum and spleen (p=0.04).

Conclusions
When selecting patients for CRS and HIPEC a more cautious approach may be applied by considering the regions affected.
Synthesis, characterization, molecular docking, dynamics simulations, and in silico absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) studies of new thiazolylhydrazone derivatives as butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors
Authors: Işık Ayşen , Çevik Ulviye Acar , Celik Ismail , Erçetin Tuğba , Koçak Ahmet , Özkay Yusuf , Kaplancıklı Zafer Asım 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this study, two novel series of thiazolylhydrazone derivatives containing 4-ethylpiperazine (3a–3f) and 4-methoxyphenylpiperazine (3g–3l) side chains were synthesized and their structures were characterized by spectral (1H NMR, 13C NMR, and MS spectra) analyses. In vitro inhibitory activities of synthesized compounds against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) were determined by Ellman method. According to the results, all compounds showed a weak inhibitory effect on AChE, while promising results were obtained on BChE. Among the synthesized compounds, the activities of the derivatives carrying 4-ethylpiperazine (3a–3f) structure were found to be more effective than the compounds carrying 4-methoxyphenyl piperazine (3g–3l) derivatives. Especially, compound 3f bearing the nitro substituent was found to be the most promising compound on BChE in the series. The absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) parameters of the synthesized compounds were predicted by using the SwissADME server. The potential binding mode and stability of compound 3f with BChE were investigated by the molecular docking and dynamics simulations. The results showed that 3f was strongly bound up with BChE with the optimal conformation; in addition, their binding free energy reached −167.936 ± 13.109 kJ/mol.
Driving employee-driven innovation through workplace learning: The story of Singapore SMEs
Authors: Tan Justina , Sim Joel 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study is part of a larger research study that seeks to understand how employee-driven innovation (EDI) is initiated, enacted and sustained in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Singapore. To date, most of the EDI studies are conducted in the Nordic context where management, employees and public authorities work closely with each other. In more hierarchical societies, such as those in Asia, employees may be given less discretion in exercising initiative to improve work processes and conditions. This study seeks to provide insights on factors that support employees initiating, enacting and sustaining innovations in Singapore SMEs through case studies. Besides interviews, data gathering was also undertaken through observations of the employees, supervisors/managers and owners at work and their interactions where possible. It is found that employees’ engagement in workplace learning contribute to initiation, enactment and sustenance of EDI in Singapore SMEs. The findings underline the significance of workplace learning in developing and strengthening employees’ innovation capacity.
Arginase-1 Is Required for Macrophage-Mediated Renal Tubule Regeneration
Authors: Shin Naomi S. , Marlier Arnaud , Xu Leyuan , Doilicho Natnael , Linberg Daniel , Guo Jiankan , Cantley Lloyd G. 
Published: May 2022

Significance Statement
Proinflammatory macrophages that infiltrate the kidney after ischemia-reperfusion injury later transition to a proreparative state characterized by expression of multiple proteins including arginase-1 (Arg1). By comparing the kidney repair response after ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice that lack macrophage Arg1 expression with littermate controls, we show that macrophage Arg1 plays a critical role in renal recovery in part by promoting renal epithelial cell proliferative repair. Thus, therapeutic interventions that enhance Arg1 expression may improve renal recovery after kidney injury.

Background
After kidney injury, macrophages transition from initial proinflammatory activation to a proreparative phenotype characterized by expression of arginase-1 (Arg1), mannose receptor 1 (Mrc1), and macrophage scavenger receptor 1 (Msr1). The mechanism by which these alternatively activated macrophages promote repair is unknown.

Methods
We characterized the macrophage and renal responses after ischemia-reperfusion injury with contralateral nephrectomy in LysM-Cre;Arg1fl/fl
mice and littermate controls and used in vitro coculture of macrophages and tubular cells to determine how macrophage-expressed arginase-1 promotes kidney repair.

Results
After ischemia-reperfusion injury with contralateral nephrectomy, Arg1-expressing macrophages were almost exclusively located in the outer stripe of the medulla adjacent to injured S3 tubule segments containing luminal debris or casts. Macrophage Arg1 expression was reduced by more than 90% in injured LysM-Cre;Arg1fl/fl
mice, resulting in decreased mouse survival, decreased renal tubular cell proliferation and decreased renal repair compared with littermate controls. In vitro studies demonstrate that tubular cells exposed apically to dead cell debris secrete high levels of GM-CSF and induce reparative macrophage activation, with those macrophages in turn secreting Arg1-dependent factor(s) that directly stimulate tubular cell proliferation.

Conclusions
GM-CSF–induced, proreparative macrophages express arginase-1, which is required for the S3 tubular cell proliferative response that promotes renal repair after ischemia-reperfusion injury.