bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the influence of breastfeeding on asthma in children under 12 years old in the UK Biobank
Authors: Hou Wenyan , Guan Fengjun , Xia Lei , Xu Yue , Huang Shuiping , Zeng Ping 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundChildhood-onset asthma (COA) has become a major and growing problem worldwide and imposes a heavy socioeconomic burden on individuals and families; therefore, understanding the influence of early-life experiences such as breastfeeding on COA is of great importance for early prevention.ObjectivesTo investigate the impact of breastfeeding on asthma in children under 12 years of age and explore its role at two different stages of age in the UK Biobank cohort.MethodsA total of 7,157 COA cases and 158,253 controls were obtained, with information regarding breastfeeding, COA, and other important variables available through questionnaires. The relationship between breastfeeding and COA were examined with the logistic regression while adjusting for available covariates. In addition, a sibling analysis was performed on 398 pairs of siblings to explain unmeasured family factors, and a genetic risk score analysis was performed to control for genetic confounding impact. Finally, a power evaluation was conducted in the sibling data.ResultsIn the full cohort, it was identified that breastfeeding had a protective effect on COA (the adjusted odds ratio (OR)=0.875, 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 0.831~0.922; P=5.75×10-7). The impact was slightly pronounced in children aged 6-12 years (OR=0.852, 95%CIs: 0.794~0.914, P=7.41×10-6) compared to those aged under six years (OR=0.904, 95%CIs: 0.837~0.975, P=9.39×10-3), although such difference was not substantial (P=0.266). However, in the sibling cohort these protective effects were no longer significant largely due to inadequate samples as it was demonstrated that the power was only 23.8% for all children in the sibling cohort under our current setting. The protective effect of breastfeeding on COA was nearly unchanged after incorporating the genetic risk score into both the full and sibling cohorts.ConclusionsOur study offered supportive evidence for the protective effect of breastfeeding against asthma in children less than 12 years of age; however, sibling studies with larger samples were warranted to further validate the robustness our results against unmeasured family confounders. Our findings had the potential to encourage mothers to initiate and prolong breastfeeding.
Independent and interactive effects of eye rubbing and atopy on keratoconus
Authors: Yang Kaili , Li Dan , Xu Liyan , Pang Chenjiu , Zhao Dongqing , Ren Shengwei 
Published: September 2022

PurposeTo evaluate the independent and interactive effects of eye rubbing and atopy on keratoconus (KC) in central China.MethodsA total of 330 KC patients and 330 controls were recruited in the case-control study. Eye rubbing and history of atopy were recorded through face-to-face interviews. The association between KC and eye rubbing, atopy, interactive effects of eye rubbing and atopy were analyzed by logistic regression, and the odds ratios (OR), relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), attributable proportion (AP), synergy (S) index, and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated.ResultsA total of 228 patients (69.09%) had an eye rubbing history, and 53 (16.06%) had an atopy history in the KC group, which were both higher than that in the control group (p&lt;0.001). Eye rubbing and atopy were positively associated with KC in multivariate analysis, with ORs (95% CIs) of 15.11 (10.02, 22.80) and 5.30 (2.59, 10.84), respectively. Compared to non-eye rubbing and non-atopy eyes, the risk for eye rubbing coexisted with atopy was 52.31 (12.25, 223.35). No significant associations were found between KC and multiplicative interaction (p=0.608). The RERI, AP, and S values were 32.89 (-43.35, 109.14), 0.63 (0.05, 1.21), and 2.79 (0.56, 13.96), respectively, with no significant association between additive interaction and KC. No significant associations were found between eye rubbing, atopy and the severity of KC (p&gt;0.05).ConclusionEye rubbing and atopy were separately positively associated with KC, and there was a strong impact of coexistent eye rubbing and atopy on KC in China. Further multi-center and cohort study need to be conducted to explore the role of eye rubbing and atopy in the occurrence and development of KC.
Intracellular trafficking of fatty acids in the fish intestinal epithelial cell line RTgutGC
Authors: Selvam Chandrasekar , Saito Takaya , Sissener Nini H. , Philip Antony J. Prabhu , Sæle Øystein 
Published: September 2022

The shift towards higher inclusion of vegetable oils (VOs) in aquafeeds has resulted in major changes in dietary fatty acid composition, especially increased amounts of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and decreased polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and saturated fatty acids (SFAs). However, little is known about how this change in fatty acid (FA) profile affects the intracellular fate of these fatty acids in the intestinal cells. To investigate this topic, we used the rainbow trout intestinal epithelial cell line (RTgutGC) as an in vitro model. The cells were incubated with either palmitic acid (16:0, PA), oleic acid (18:1n-9, OA), or arachidonic acid (20:4n-6, ARA), to represent the SFA, MUFA, and PUFA, respectively. In all experiments, the RTgutGC were incubated with either non-labeled or radiolabeled FA (PA, OA, or ARA) for 16 h at 190C. The cells were then analyzed for the occurrence of cytosolic lipid droplets (CLD) with confocal microscopy, transcriptomic analysis (non-labeled FA experiments) and lipid class composition in the cells and serosal media from the basolateral side of the cells (radiolabeled FA experiments). CLD accumulation was higher in RTgutGC exposed to OA compared to cells given PA or ARA. This was coupled with increased volume, diameter, and surface area of CLDs in OA treated cells than with other FAs (PA, ARA). The results from radiolabeled FAs performed on permeable transwell inserts showed that OA increased the triacylglycerides (TAG) synthesis and was primarily stored in the cells in CLDs; whereas a significant amount of ARA was transported as TAG to the basolateral compartment. A significant proportion of free FAs was found to be excreted to the serosal basolateral side by the cells, which was significantly higher for PA and OA than ARA. Although there were clear clusters in differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for each treatment group, results from transcriptomics did not correlate to lipid transport and CLD analysis. Overall, the accumulation of TAG in CLDs was higher for oleic acid (OA) compared to arachidonic acid (ARA) and palmitic acid (PA). To conclude, carbon chain length and saturation level of FA differently regulate their intracellular fate during fatty acid absorption.
Nilotinib in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xie Xiaolu , Yuan Ping , Kou Liqiu , Chen Xiu , Li Jun , Li Yaling 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundNilotinib, which inhibits cellular Abelson tyrosine kinase, may be an effective treatment for patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the outcomes of different doses of nilotinib in patients with PD.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Clinical Trials from inception to 7 March 2022 to identify all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of nilotinib reporting outcomes of interest in patients with PD. Outcomes included tolerability, efficacy, safety, and CSF biomarker levels. Review manager 5.4 software was used to analyze all data.ResultsThree RCTs with a total of 163 patients were included. No significant difference was found between 150 mg nilotinib or 300 mg nilotinib and placebo in terms of tolerability, adverse events, or HVA levels. 300 mg nilotinib showed significantly higher Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale III (MDS-UPDRS III) scores [SMD = 0.52, 95%CI = (0.12, 0.92), P = 0.01] and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) levels [SMD = 0.52, 95%CI = (0.12, 0.92), P = 0.01], and lower α-synuclein levels [SMD = −2.16, 95%CI = (−3.38, −1.84), P &lt; 0.00001] compared with placebo. And compared with 150 mg nilotinib, 300 mg nilotinib showed significantly lower α-synuclein levels [SMD = −1.16, 95%CI = (−1.70, −0.61), P &lt; 0.0001].ConclusionsAlthough our study demonstrated favorable tolerability and safety of different doses of nilotinib, and improvement in part of CSF biomarker levels of 300 mg nilotinib, the poor efficacy on motor outcomes indicated that nilotinib had no advantages in the clinic.
The first report on brain sagging dementia caused by a cranial leak: A case report
Authors: Lashkarivand Aslan , Eide Per Kristian 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveBrain Sagging Dementia (BSD) is an increasingly recognized syndrome for which diagnostic criteria recently were proposed. There have been no reports on BSD caused by a cranial leak. Here we present the first report on a patient with BSD caused by a cranial leak.Case descriptionA 60-year old male patient was admitted with a 2-year history of orthostatic headache and gradually progressive cognitive and behavioral changes. Traditional treatments for spontaneous intracranial hypotension, including repeated epidural blood patches, failed. Brain imaging showed severe brain sagging, and intracranial pressure monitoring demonstrated intracranial hypotension. No leakage site was found. His past medical history revealed an accident where a ski pole struck his head at age ten. Due to progressive clinical decline, surgery was pursued. A cranial defect with an accompanying cerebrospinal fluid leak site representing the trauma from his childhood was found and repaired. He also was in need of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Following surgery, he improved and recovered completely.DiscussionThis case report illustrates that a cranial leak may cause BSD, even with a “lucid interval” between trauma and symptom debut spanning many years. Moreover, this report validates well the recently proposed BSD diagnostic criteria.
Difficult to treat absence seizures in children: A single-center retrospective study
Authors: Gregorčič Samo , Hrovat Jaka , Bizjak Neli , Rener Primec Zvonka , Hostnik Tadeja , Stres Blaž , Perković Benedik Mirjana , Osredkar Damjan 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of typical absence seizures (AS), myoclonic AS and AS with eyelid myoclonia in children and to find associations between these characteristics and difficult to treat absence seizures (DTAS).MethodsThis was a single-center retrospective study. Electronic health records of pediatric patients with a clinical diagnosis of AS treated at a single tertiary epilepsy center between January 2013 and June 2020 were reviewed. Clinical characteristics, seizure information, ASM, and therapeutic response of patients were recorded. All patients were followed up for at least 1 year. DTAS were defined as failure to achieve remission after treatment with at least 2 anti-seizure medications (ASM), regardless of whether remission was achieved eventually in the study period.ResultsData from 131 patients were available for analysis. Remission was achieved after the first ASM treatment in 81 (61.8%) patients, and eventually in 120 (91.6%) during the study period. Epilepsy was classified as DTAS in 18 (13.7%) patients. AS were more often difficult to treat in patients with myoclonic AS and AS with eyelid myoclonia (40.0%), compared with patients with typical AS (11.4%; p = 0.012, 95% CI 1.480–25.732). A positive family history of epilepsy (p = 0.046; 95% CI 1.021–8.572), a higher seizure frequency (p = 0.023, 95% CI 1.009–1.126) prior to ASM treatment, and longer time between seizure onset and treatment onset (p = 0.026; 95% CI 1.006–1.099) were also associated with DTAS.SignificanceOur study suggests that several clinical characteristics of AS are associated with DTAS. One of these was the time between onset of AS and initiation of ASM treatment, which can be shortened with better care, suggesting that early diagnosis and treatment may improve prognosis in pediatric patients with AS. These findings remain to be confirmed in larger prospective studies.
Increased variability of mean arterial pressure is associated with increased risk of short-term mortality in intensive care unit: A retrospective study
Authors: Yao Jia , Liu Dandan , Huang Weifeng , Fang Yuexin , Yang Yifan , Li Yingchuan , Liu Pengyuan , Pan Xiaoqing 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundIn intensive care unit (ICU), what thresholds of MAP variability are effective in distinguishing low- and high-risk patients for short-term mortality (in-hospital and 28-day) remains unclear.MethodsFifteen thousand five hundred sixty adult subjects admitted to ICU at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (Boston, USA) between 2001 and 2012 were included in this retrospective study from MIMIC-III database. MAP within the first 24 h after admission were collected. Quantiles of MAP variability from 10% to 90% with 10% increasement each were considered to divide study participants into two groups, either having coefficients of variation of MAP greater or less than the given threshold. The threshold of MAP variability was identified by maximizing the odds ratio associated with increased risk of short-term mortality (in-hospital and 28-day). Logistic regression and Cox regression models were further applied to evaluate the association between increased variability of MAP and short-term mortality (in-hospital and 28-day).Results90% quantile of MAP variability was determined as the threshold generating the largest odds ratio associated with the increased risk of short-term mortality. Increased MAP variability, especially over 90% of MAP variability, was associated with increased risk of in-hospital mortality (odds ratio: 2.351, 95% CI: 2.064–2.673), and 28-day mortality (hazard ratio: 2.064, 95% CI: 1.820–2.337).ConclusionIncreased MAP variability, especially over 90% of MAP variability, is associated with short-term mortality. Our proposed threshold of MAP variability may aid in the early identification of critically ill patients with a high risk of mortality.
Validation and results of a novel survey assessing decisional balance for a whole food plant-based diet among US adults
Authors: Jovanovic Christine E. S. , Kalam Faiza , Granata Frank , Pfammatter Angela F. , Spring Bonnie 
Published: September 2022

ImportanceConsuming a whole food plant-based diet (WFPBD) is a promising, low-risk strategy for reducing risk of prevalent chronic disease and certain cancers, with synergistic benefits for climate and environment. However, few US adults report consuming a WFPBD. Understanding the reasons for this inconsistency is important for developing and implementing interventions for promoting a WFPBD. However, no research to elucidate decisional balance driving current consumption patterns in the US exists.ObjectiveThis research aims to validate an online survey to assess decisional balance for the consumption of a WFPBD, describe attitudes and beliefs toward adopting a WFPBD, and evaluate socio-demographic differences in decisional balance for consuming a WFPBD among a convenience sample of US adults.DesignOnline cross-sectional data collection followed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), validation of internal consistency, and examination of invariance across socio-demographic variables. Sensitivity analysis of full vs. truncated survey to predict self-reported dietary patterns and consumption behaviors were evaluated. Results of the survey and significant differences by socio-demographics were assessed.SettingOnline survey based on previous research, createdviaQualtrics, and administered through MTurk.ParticipantsA total of 412 US adults, majority female (66%), White (75%), 30–60 years old (54%), ≥ Bachelor’s degree (85%), and earning ≥ $45K (68%).Main outcomes and measuresFactor loadings, covariance of survey items, associations with self-reported dietary pattern and consumption measures, and differences in pros, cons, and decisional balance across socio-demographic variables.ResultsCFA reduced the survey from 49 to 12 items and demonstrated invariance across socio-demographic variables. Pros and cons varied inversely and significantly (cov = –0.59), as expected. Cronbach’s α ’s for subscales in the final, reduced model were high (&gt;0.80). Pros, cons, and decisional balance in both the full and the reduced model were significantly (p&lt; 0.05) associated with self-reported dietary pattern and consumption.Conclusion and relevanceOur analyses indicate the WFPBD Survey is a parsimonious and psychometrically sound instrument for evaluation of decisional balance to consume a WFPBD diet among our sample of US adults. These results may be instrumental for development and deployment of interventions intended to promote consumption of a WFPBD in the US.
Associations between the timing of different foods’ consumption with cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality among adults with sleep disorders
Authors: Zhang Jia , Zhang Yuntao , Liu Lin , Wang Xuanyang , Xu Xiaoqing , Li Ying , Han Tianshu , Wei Wei 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPeople with sleep disorders are under disrupted biological rhythms. Whether changing the timing of specific food consumption contributes to decreasing cardiovascular and all-cause risk is unknown.MethodsA total of 8,005 participants with sleep disorders were selected from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2014. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze the relationship between the consumption time of foods and cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause death. Moreover, equivalent food substitution models were carried out to evaluate the alterations in the risk of CVD mortality for the changed food intake time.ResultsAfter adjusting for multiple confounders, participants who consume red and orange vegetables, starchy vegetables, and fermented dairy in the morning (hazard ratio (HR)red and orange vegetables = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.26–0.81; HRstarchy vegetables = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.25–0.88; HRfermented dairy = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.36–0.89) and milk and eggs in the evening contribute to reducing the likelihood of death from CVD (HRmilk = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.43–0.96; HReggs = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.53–0.98). Iso-calorically switching 0.1 serving of starchy vegetable and fermented dairy and milk intake from one period to another does significantly reduce the mortality risk of CVD.ConclusionHigher intake of red and orange vegetables, starchy vegetables, and fermented dairy in the morning and milk and eggs in the evening confers a lower risk of CVD among individuals with sleep disorders.
Lung cancer patients with nephropathy as the first manifestation: Literature review and clinical study report
Authors: Xu Qianqian , Zou Guming , Zhuo Li , Gao Hongmei , Li Wenge 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundTo investigate the relationship between membranous nephropathy (MN) and lung cancer.MethodsTo report patients with lung cancer detected by follow-up after the diagnosis of MN by renal biopsy in China-Japan Friendship Hospital from January 2010 to December 2019, and to study the prognosis of lung cancer-associated MN and have a review of the literature.ResultsLung cancer was detected in six patients followed for 1–27 months (median 8 months) after the diagnosis of MN: including four cases of lung adenocarcinoma, one case of carcinoma in situ, and one case of small cell lung cancer with multiple metastases. Five cases were in remission after surgical resection, and one case was remitted after chemotherapy. Six patients were negative for serum anti-PLA2R antibodies, and glomerular IgG subclass deposition detected by immunofluorescence was positive for IgG1 and IgG2. Glomerular PLA2R, THSD7A, and NELL-1 stainings were assessed in all six patients; one patient was positive for glomerular PLA2R staining, two patients were positive for glomerular THSD7A staining, and all patients were negative for NELL-1 staining. A literature review of the relationship between MN and lung cancer was performed: seven articles about cancer-associated MN were searched, reporting 32 cases of MN associated with lung cancer, among which 14 cases had nephropathy as the first manifestation and only five patients had remission of MN after treatment of lung cancer.ConclusionsA few lung cancer patients have nephropathy as the first clinical manifestation, and MN can also be remitted after treatment of lung cancer.
Comprehensive analysis of aerobic glycolysis-related genes for prognosis, immune features and drug treatment strategy in prostate cancer
Authors: He Wei , He Xiang , Li Enhui 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundThe dysregulated expression of aerobic glycolysis-related genes is closely related to prostate cancer progression and metastasis. However, reliable prognostic signatures based on aerobic glycolysis have not been well established.MethodsWe screened aerobic glycolysis-related gene modules by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and established the aerobic glycolysis-related prognostic risk score (AGRS) by univariate Cox and lasso-Cox. In addition, enriched pathways, genomic mutation, and tumor-infiltrating immune cells were analyzed in AGRS subgroups and compared to each other. We also assessed chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity and immunotherapy response among two subgroups.ResultsAn aerobic glycolysis-related 14-gene prognostic model has been established. This model has good predictive prognostic performance both in the training dataset and in two independent validation datasets. Higher AGRS group patients had better immunotherapy response. Different AGRS patients were also associated with sensitivity of multiple prostate cancer chemotherapeutic drugs. We also predicted eight aerobic glycolysis-related small-molecule drugs by differentially expressed genes.ConclusionIn summary, the aerobic glycolysis-derived signatures are promising biomarkers to predict clinical outcomes and therapeutic responses in prostate cancer.