bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
4000ers of the Alps–So beautiful, so dangerous: An analysis of falls in the Swiss Alps between 2009–2020
Authors: Gasser Benedikt , Schwendinger Fabian 
Published: April 2022

Background
This study aimed to analyze falls regarding their demographic characteristics, severity, frequency over time, and the localization of injuries while high-altitude mountaineering in the Swiss Alps.

Methods
Data on fall-related emergencies during mountaineering between 2009 to 2020 from the Swiss Alpine Club central registry were analyzed retrospectively. The variables age, sex, time of occurrence, severity of an event quantified by NACA-Score (National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics Score), and injury localization were examined descriptively. Changes in injury severity, number of total emergencies, and fatal emergencies over time were analyzed using linear regression models.

Results
Out of 1347 (28.7%) victims of fall-related emergencies, 1027 were men (76.2%) and 320 (23.8%) women. Around 70% of the cases happened during summer in July and August. The mean age was 49.9 ± 14.9 years for men and 51.3 ± 14.4 years for women with no between-sex difference. Higher NACA-Scores were found in men than women (3.6 ± 2.2 vs. 3.1 ± 1.6; p < 0.01). Approximately 80% of all victims originated from the countries close to the Alps (Switzerland, Germany, Italy, France, and Austria). There was a slight decrease of total cases (R2 = 0.104) and fatal cases over time (R2 = 0.183). NACA-Scores decreased over time (R2 = 0.168). Likewise, risk aversion decreased over time as the severity of emergencies decreased. Injuries occurred predominantly at the extremities (90%). Out of all cases, 228 fatal emergencies (16.9%) could be identified of which 82 occurred while climbing one of the classic 4000ers.

Conclusions
The decrease of the number and severity implies that security standards of the average alpinist have in tendency increased. Nevertheless, the high number of emergencies on classic 4000ers implies that despite the potentially improved security standards, many tours on famous mountains still have high requirements in terms of alpine skills.
Biomedical waste management practices and associated factors among health care workers in the era of the covid-19 pandemic at metropolitan city private hospitals, Amhara region, Ethiopia, 2020
Authors: Mitiku Getasew , Admasie Amha , Birara Amsalu , Yalew Wubante 
Published: April 2022

Background
Biomedical waste management is an important precondition to safeguard the healthcare workers and community members, as well as the environment, from being contaminated with infectious substances. However, biomedical waste management practices during the pandemic era of COVID-19 were unknown.

Objective
This study was aimed to assess biomedical waste management practices and associated factors among health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic era at metropolitan city private hospitals, Amhara Region, Ethiopia.

Methods
An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted at metropolitan city private hospitals in Amhara Region. Simple random sampling was used to select 431 study participants. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire and observational checklists. The data were cleaned, coded, and entered into the Epi-data version 4.6, and then exported to SPSS version 20. for analysis. Variables with a p-value less than 0.05 were considered as significant factors in multivariable logistic regression analysis and AOR with a 95% confidence level was used to measure the strength of association.

Results
The proportion of health care workers who had good practices in biomedical waste management was 49.4%. Participants who had MSc education level, [AOR = 4.20, 95% CI (1.01, 17.40)], Bachelor degree [AOR = 3.52, 95% CI (2.13, 5.82)], got training on biomedical waste management [AOR = 4.33, 95% CI (2.71, 6.93)], access to color-coded three bins in their working department [AOR = 6.24.95% CI (3.84, 10.13)] and those who had good attitude (AOR = 2.64, 95% CI (1.65, 4.22), were significantly associated with biomedical waste management practices in private hospitals.

Conclusion
The practice of biomedical waste management in the study area was low. Level of education, taking training on biomedical waste management, availability of color-coded three bins, and attitude of health care workers were significantly associated with biomedical waste management practices. Hence, in-service training is recommended to improve biomedical waste management practices.
Maternal and child health handbook to improve continuum of maternal and child care in rural Bangladesh: Findings of a cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Gai Tobe Ruoyan , Haque Syed Emdadul , Mubassara Sanzida , Rahman Rushdana , Ikegami Kiyoko , Mori Rintaro 
Published: April 2022

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of maternal and child health handbook (MCH) enhanced by mobile tools and to generate evidence informing the adoption of the program in Bangladesh. A cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) has been implemented in Lohagora of Narail District and Dhamrai of Dhaka District. Unions of the study settings were randomly allocated in either one of three groups: (1) Intervention 1 using both mobile platform and MCH, (2) Intervention 2 using MCH alone, or (3) the Control. A total of 3,002 participants were recruited. The interventions were designed to promote two-way communications between pregnant women/their families and community health workers by an empowering approach. A total of 3,002 pregnant women were recruited. As the results, the interventions both significantly improved the utilization of CoC, although the overall proportion of CoC was relevantly low: 2.79% in the Control (95% CI: 1.37–3.54%), 6.16% in Intervention 2 (95% CI: 4.67–7.86%), and 7.89% in Intervention 1 (95% CI: 6.29–9.90%). Neonatal mortality rate with and without CoC was 5.43 per 1,000 (95% CI: 3.63–9.57 per 1,000) and 34.8 per 1,000 (95% CI: 24.3–45.4 per 1,000), respectively. Our study indicated the effectiveness of the interventions by leveraging MCH and a mobile platform to promote uptake of CoC throughout prepartum, intrapartum and postpartum/neonatal periods, potentially bringing long-lasting benefits to mothers and their offspring. The explicit approach is expected to guide policy makers to adopt MCH interventions in primary healthcare strengthening at the community level.
Trial registration: UMIN000025628 Registered June 13, 2016.
Effectiveness of treatment of bedding and feces of laboratory animal with ozone
Authors: Qiao Jiao-Jiao , Wang Shan-Ni , Li Jing-Jing , Chen Li-Yu , Wang Mei-Mei , Yi Bin , Liu Qing-Xia , Liu Yun-Bo , Zhang Chen , Honess Paul , Gao Chang-Qing 
Published: April 2022

Background
The incineration and burying of the soiled bedding of laboratory animals, as well as using detergents to treat their feces, is hazardous to the environment. This highlights the need for an alternative, environmentally friendly solution for the treatment of the waste of laboratory animal facilities. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of ozone disinfection of the soiled bedding and feces of laboratory animals.

Methods
Two grams of soiled beddings were randomly sampled from the cages of mice and rats. These samples were mixed in a beaker with 40ml saline. Ozone was piped into the beaker at a concentration of 500mg/h. Samples were taken from the beaker at time 0min, 30min, 45min and 60min after ozone treatment for microbiological culturing in an incubator for 48h. Colony form unit of each plate (CFU/plate) at each time point were counted, the mean CFU/plate at each time point after ozone treatment were compared with that present at time zero. Feces of rabbits and dogs were treated and pathogens were counted the similar way as that of bedding of the mice and rats; samples being taken at 0min, 15min, 30min, 45min and 60min.

Results
Pathogens were observed in beddings of both mice and rats as well as in feces of rabbits and dogs. Ozone treatment for 30min killed more than 93% of pathogens in the bedding of the two rodent species and 60min of treatment killed over 99% of pathogens. Treatment of rabbit and dog feces for 30min killed over 96% pathogens present, and 60min’s treatment killed nearly all the pathogens. Both Gram positive and Gram negative pathogens were sensitive to ozone treatment.

Conclusion
Ozone treatment of bedding and feces is an effective and environment friendly way to deal with the waste of animal facilities, saving energy and potentially enabling their reuse as fertilizer.
Injection of prototypic celiac anti-transglutaminase 2 antibodies in mice does not cause enteropathy
Authors: Lindstad Christian B. , du Pré M. Fleur , Stamnaes Jorunn , Sollid Ludvig M. 
Published: April 2022

Background
Celiac disease is an autoimmune enteropathy driven by dietary intake of gluten proteins. Typical histopathologic features are villous flattening, crypt hyperplasia and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the intestinal epithelium and lamina propria. The disease is hallmarked by the gluten-dependent production of autoantibodies targeting the enzyme transglutaminase 2 (TG2). While these antibodies are specific and sensitive diagnostic markers of the disease, a role in the development of the enteropathy has never been established.

Methods
We addressed this question by injecting murine antibodies harboring the variable domains of a prototypic celiac anti-TG2 immunoglobulin into TG2-sufficient and TG2-deficient mice evaluating for celiac enteropathy.

Results
We found no histopathologic abnormalities nor clinical signs of disease related to the injection of anti-TG2 IgG or IgA.

Conclusions
Our findings do not support a direct role for secreted anti-TG2 antibodies in the development of the celiac enteropathy.
Combat injury profiles among U.S. military personnel who survived serious wounds in Iraq and Afghanistan: A latent class analysis
Authors: D’Souza Edwin W. , MacGregor Andrew J. , Dougherty Amber L. , Olson Andrew S. , Champion Howard R. , Galarneau Michael R. 
Published: April 2022

Background
The U.S. military conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan had the most casualties since Vietnam with more than 53,000 wounded in action. Novel injury mechanisms, such as improvised explosive devices, and higher rates of survivability compared with previous wars led to a new pattern of combat injuries. The purpose of the present study was to use latent class analysis (LCA) to identify combat injury profiles among U.S. military personnel who survived serious wounds.

Methods
A total of 5,227 combat casualty events with an Injury Severity Score (ISS) of 9 or greater that occurred in Iraq and Afghanistan from December 2002 to July 2019 were identified from the Expeditionary Medical Encounter Database for analysis. The Barell Injury Diagnosis Matrix was used to classify injuries into binary variables by site and type of injury. LCA was employed to identify injury profiles that accounted for co-occurring injuries. Injury profiles were described and compared by demographic, operational, and injury-specific variables.

Results
Seven injury profiles were identified and defined as: (1) open wounds (18.8%), (2) Type 1 traumatic brain injury (TBI)/facial injuries (14.2%), (3) disseminated injuries (6.8%), (4) Type 2 TBI (15.4%), (5) lower extremity injuries (19.8%), (6) burns (7.4%), and (7) chest and/or abdominal injuries (17.7%). Profiles differed by service branch, combat location, year of injury, injury mechanism, combat posture at the time of injury, and ISS.

Conclusion
LCA identified seven distinct and interpretable injury profiles among U.S. military personnel who survived serious combat injuries in Iraq or Afghanistan. These findings may be of interest to military medical planners as resource needs are evaluated and projected for future conflicts, and medical professionals involved in the rehabilitation of wounded service members.
Psychological distress and well-being among students of health disciplines in Geneva, Switzerland: The importance of academic satisfaction in the context of academic year-end and COVID-19 stress on their learning experience
Authors: Tran Nguyen Toan , Franzen Jessica , Jermann Françoise , Rudaz Serge , Bondolfi Guido , Ghisletta Paolo 
Published: April 2022

Introduction
University students’ psychological health is linked to their academic satisfaction. This study aimed to investigate students’ psychological health and academic satisfaction in the context of COVID-19 and academic year-end stress.

Materials and methods
Standardized self-filled scales for anxiety, depression, stress, psychological well-being, academic satisfaction (subjective assessment of students’ quality of life in their educational setting), and an ad-hoc scale for stress on the learning experience due to COVID-19 were used in this cross-sectional study. Participants were first- to third-year students of eight different health-related tracks in Geneva, Switzerland. Descriptive statistics and hierarchical regression analyses were applied.

Results
In June 2020, out of 2835 invited students, 433 (15%) completed the survey. Academic satisfaction was a stronger mental health predictor than COVID-19 stress on the learning experience, which mainly predicted stress and anxiety. Lower academic satisfaction scores were significantly associated with stress (β = −0.53, p < 0.001), depression (β = −0.26, p < 0.001), anxiety (β = −0.20, p < 0.001), while higher scores with psychological well-being (β = 0.48, p < 0.001). Identifying as female was strongly associated with anxiety and stress but not with depression or psychological well-being. Lower age was associated with stress only. The nature of the academic training had a lesser impact on mental health and the academic year had no impact.

Conclusions
Academic satisfaction plays a more substantial role than COVID-19 stress on the learning experience in predicting students’ overall mental health status. Training institutions should address the underlying factors that can enhance students’ academic satisfaction, especially during the COVID-19 period, in addition to ensuring that they have a continuous and adequate learning experience, as well as access to psychosocial services that help them cope with mental distress and enhance their psychological well-being.
Celiac Disease and the Susceptibility of COVID-19 and the Risk of Severe COVID-19: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Li Jiuling , Tian Aowen , Yang Dandan , Zhang Miaoran , Chen Lanlan , Wen Jianping , Chen Peng 
Published: April 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Previous observational studies have found that the susceptibility of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the risk of severe COVID-19 are not increased in patients with celiac disease (CeD). However, the findings of observational studies are prone to bias due to reverse causation and confounding factors, especially in the case of a newly emerged disease. In this study, we aimed to further clarify the underlying relationship by both observational and Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

METHODS:
This observational study was conducted in the UK Biobank cohort. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the risk factors of COVID-19 susceptibility and severe COVID-19. To understand the causality between CeD and COVID-19 susceptibility and severe COVID-19, we performed a 2-sample MR analysis.

RESULTS:
Our observational study showed that patients with CeD had a lower susceptibility of COVID-19 (odds ratio [OR] = 0.699, P = 0.006) while CeD was not significantly associated with severe COVID-19 (P > 0.05). The findings from our MR study further demonstrated that both the susceptibility to COVID-19 (OR = 0.963, P = 0.006) and severe COVID-19 (OR = 0.919, P = 0.049) were lower in patients with CeD, although the former seemed to be specific to the UK Biobank cohort.

DISCUSSION:
Our results suggested that it may be unnecessary to take extra COVID-19 precaution in patients with CeD.
Pertumbuhan dan Kandungan Antosianin Tanaman Bayam Merah (Alternanthera amoena Voss) Setelah Perlakuan Limbah Teh Pada Lama Pengomposan Yang Berbeda
Authors: Fatikasari Dian Rosiana , Hastuti Endah Dwi , Haryanti Sri 
Published: April 2022

Pertumbuhan dan kandungan antosianin bayam merah sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor pemupukan. Limbah teh merupakan pupuk organik yang memiliki unsur hara seperti nitrogen dan fosfor dimana penting dalam mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan antosianin bayam merah. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh limbah teh pada lama pengomposan yang berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan dan kandungan antosianin bayam merah. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 3 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan yang dimaksud adalah lama pengomposan 0, 1 dan 2 minggu. Perlakuan diaplikasikan dengan cara memberikan pupuk kompos limbah teh, tanah dan sekam dengan perbandingan 1:1:1 pada tanaman bayam merah yang seragam. Parameter yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, berat basah tanaman, berat kering tanaman, panjang akar, berat basah akar, berat kering akar, berat kering tajuk, rasio tajuk akar dan nilai antosianin. Data yang dihasilkan dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dilanjutkan uji lanjut Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf signifikansi 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan lama pengomposan berpengaruh meningkatkan tinggi tanaman, berat basah tanaman, berat kering tanaman, berat basah akar, nilai antosianin dan ratio tajuk akar. Perlakuan limbah teh lama pengomposan satu minggu memberikan rerata tertinggi terhadap pertumbuhan dan kandungan antosianin tanaman bayam merah. Growth of red amaranth and anthosyanin influenced by the fertilizer. Tea waste contain of nutrients such as nitrogen and phospor that important for red amaranth. The composting will effect for the fertilizer contain. Anthocyanin is a red- purple pigment. The aim of this experiment was to know the effects of tea waste in different composting time on red amaranth’s growth and anthocyanin. The design that used is Complate Random Design with 3 treatment and 5 replicates. The treatment of compost time were: 0 week, a week and 2 week. The parameters observed were plant height, leaf number, wet weight and dry weight of plant, root length, wet weight and dry weight of root, crown root ratio and anthocyanin. The result of data analysis using ANOVA followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The result showed that the difference of compost duration affected and improved the growth of plant height, leaf number, wet weight and dry weight of plant, root length, wet and dry weight of root, anthocyanin, crown root ratio. The treatment of tea waste by a week compost duration create the highest average for growth and anthocyanin of red amaranth.
Ethik im Aufwind! Auch in Bibliotheken?
Authors: Rösch Hermann 
Published: April 2022

Zusammenfassung
Ethik hat allgemein, aber auch im Bibliothekssektor erheblich an Bedeutung hinzugewonnen. Einführend werden zunächst Ethik, Moral und Recht gegeneinander abgegrenzt, ehe die zentralen ethischen Grundwerte für Bibliotheken benannt und in ihrer Bedeutung für die wichtigsten bibliothekarischen Tätigkeitsfelder kurz zur Sprache kommen. Schließlich richtet sich der Blick auf den Stellenwert, den Ethik und ethische Reflexion in der Praxis deutscher Bibliotheken gegenwärtig einnehmen.
Webformulare zweier Verbünde in der virtuellen Auskunft
Authors: Aldenhövel Pauline 
Published: April 2022

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag legt den Schwerpunkt auf den Aufbau und die Auffindbarkeit von ausgewählten Webformularen im Hinblick auf die Praktikabilität der kooperativen bibliothekarischen Auskunftstätigkeit. In Form einer Vorstudie werden die Formulare des schweizerischen SwissInfoDesk und der deutschen DigiAuskunft verglichen. Es zeigt sich, dass Webformulare in ihrer orts- und zeitunabhängigen Form auch im Rahmen einer Verbundsdienstleistung durchaus praktikabel sein können.
Rahmenbedingungen der digitalen Auskunft in den russischen Bibliotheken der Gegenwart
Authors: Kiseleva Natalia S. 
Published: April 2022

Zusammenfassung
Themen, die mit russischen Bibliotheken verbunden sind, sind im europäischen Bibliothekswesen nicht breit dargestellt. Diesem Defizit wird in diesem Artikel mit dem Schwerpunkt auf Aspekten der digitalen Auskunft und den entspr. Rahmenbedingungen begegnet. Die vorgestellten Rechercheergebnisse basieren auf zwei Interviews: Einem Interview mit Irina Salichowna, der Leiterin der Abteilung für elektronische Projekte der Russischen Nationalbibliothek und einem Interview mit Irina N. Lapina, welche die stellvertretende Direktorin der Puschkin-Zentralbibliothek von Nowokuibyschewsk ist.
Kompetenzen von Bibliothekar*innen im Auskunftsgespräch mit Grundschulkindern
Authors: Seifried Pia 
Published: April 2022

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag behandelt das bibliothekarische Auskunftsgespräch mit der Zielgruppe der Grundschulkinder sowie deren Besonderheiten in Bezug auf die Sprachentwicklung und die Lesekompetenz. Für ein erfolgreiches Auskunftsgespräch werden neben dem Medienbestand und der räumlichen Ausstattung auch verschiedene Kompetenzen von Bibliothekar*innen im Auskunftsdienst benötigt. Diese wurden mithilfe des KODE® KompetenzAtlas1 ermittelt.
Stereotypen und Vorurteile – facettenreiche Elemente der interkulturellen Kommunikation im Auskunftsinterview
Authors: Medernach Mark Anthony 
Published: April 2022

Zusammenfassung
Auskunft und Beratung in Bibliotheken sind ein integraler Bestandteil der Arbeit von Bibliothekaren*innen. Durch den demografischen Wandel ist man als solche*r im Auskunftsinterview ständig in Kontakt mit Menschen unterschiedlicher Herkunft und kultureller Erfahrungen. Die ‚eigene‘ Gesellschaft befindet sich in einem stetigen Wandel, der auch mit mehr Diskriminierung aufgrund von Vorurteilen und Stereotypen einhergeht. Diese soziale Wahrnehmung ist relativ und sie kann sowohl positive als auch negative Eindrücke von Menschen widerspiegeln und hat sowohl hilfreiche wie auch hinderliche Implikationen im Auskunftsdienst.
Professional Pathways: Strategies to Increase Workforce Diversity in the Australian Library and Information Sector
Authors: Hallam Gillian , Hepworth Trish , Weston-Evans Phoebe 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this article it is argued that the notion of a ‘diverse workforce’ extends beyond our understandings about the different cultural and linguistic backgrounds, the gender identity or the sexual orientation of individual staff members; it also considers the increasingly diverse skills required by library and information professionals. The work undertaken in the Australian Professional Pathways project is discussed.
Digital. Persönlich. Weiter – Veränderungen in der bibliothekarischen Weiterbildung seit 2016
Authors: Fühles-Ubach Simone , Georgy Ursula , Albers Miriam 
Published: April 2022

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit den Ergebnissen einer bundesweiten Befragung zum Thema Weiterbildung in Bibliotheken aus dem Jahr 2021. Es ist die Folgebefragung einer ersten Studie aus dem Jahr 2016, so dass Entwicklungen und Veränderungen adressiert werden, andererseits aber auch neue Aspekte aufgegriffen werden. Die stärkste Veränderung wurde sicherlich durch das Auftreten der Coronapandemie verursacht, die über viele Monate hinweg Präsenzveranstaltungen unmöglich machte und so neue Lehr- und Veranstaltungsformate gefunden werden mussten. Gleichzeitig geht es um Coaching als neues Element in der bibliothekarischen Weiterbildung.
Digitale Jugendliteraturjury Gerolzhofen: ein Projektinterview
Authors: Rehder Julia 
Published: April 2022

Zusammenfassung
Im vorliegenden Artikel wird über die Digitale Jugendliteraturjury in Gerolzhofen berichtet. Einleitend wird grob der Werdegang von der Idee zur Auftaktveranstaltung skizziert. Es folgt eine Beantwortung einiger Fragen durch die Jurymitglieder. Im dritten Teil gibt die Honorarkraft, die die Jury von Anfang an begleitet hat, einen Einblick in die Juryarbeit und berichtet von Chancen und Schwierigkeiten der digitalen Zusammenarbeit.