bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum in high‐risk women using ultrasonography or magnetic resonance imaging: systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: De Oliveira Carniello M. , Oliveira Brito L. G. , Sarian L. O. , Bennini J. R. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo perform a systematic review and meta‐analysis of the diagnostic test accuracy of ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and compare the performance of the two modalities in the diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS).MethodsThis was a systematic review conducted following the Cochrane Diagnostic Test Accuracy Reviews guideline. A literature search was performed in five databases: PubMed, EMBASE, PMC, The Cochrane Library and BVS‐Bireme between 27 July and 4 August 2020. The search was updated on 18 August 2021. We included observational studies evaluating diagnostic accuracy in women with risk factors for PAS who had undergone both ultrasound and MRI examinations, published in English between 2011 and 2021. Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies‐2 was used to evaluate the quality of the studies. Forest plots for sensitivity and specificity with 95% CIs and receiver‐operating‐characteristics curves for ultrasound and MRI were constructed.ResultsThe literature search identified 266 studies. After reviewing the titles and abstracts of the articles, 51 were selected for full‐text review and 17 studies including 1301 women with MRI and ultrasound data available were selected for the meta‐analysis. The study population included 457 cases with PAS diagnosed using the gold standard method (intraoperative or histopathological analysis). The overall quality of the evaluated studies was considered satisfactory according to QUADAS‐2. The meta‐analysis revealed a sensitivity of 0.833 (95% CI, 0.776–0.878) and specificity of 0.834 (95% CI, 0.746–0.897) for ultrasound. For MRI, sensitivity was 0.838 (95% CI, 0.786–0.879) and specificity was 0.831 (95% CI, 0.770–0.878). There was no statistically significant difference between the two modalities. The Cochran's Q values indicated a high level of heterogeneity of sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound and MRI across studies.ConclusionsUltrasound and MRI have similar accuracy in the diagnosis of PAS. These results suggest that, in a setting with a high prevalence of risk factors, the choice of imaging modality for initial screening for PAS should depend on the availability of equipment and the examiner's expertise. © 2022 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Bioconvection Casson nanoliquid film sprayed on a stretching cylinder in the portfolio of homogeneous‐heterogeneous chemical reactions
Authors: Khan Noor Saeed , Humphries Usa Wannasingha , Kumam Wiyada , Kumam Poom , Muhammad Taseer 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn chemical engineering, the materials that is drawn or stretched continuously its surface velocity initially increases with distance from the orifice. The extruded material is also simultaneously cooled to provide solidification through a water bath or spraying with a coolant. Due to such applications and others, the present study concerns with the film deposition of Casson nanoliquid heat and mass transfer bioconvection flow with homogeneous‐heterogeneous chemical reactions, entropy generation, thermal radiation and magnetic dipole effects. The mechanical system has been proposed by the governing equations and boundary conditions which are simplified by the use of suitable similarity transformations. Homotopy analysis method is applied to obtain the series solution of non‐linear ordinary differential equations. Physical behaviors of heat and mass transfer flow with entropy generation and spray rate are investigated through the embedded parameters. Velocity is decreased with Casson nanofluid, ferromagnetic, porosity and inertial parameters while temperature is increased with thermal radiation, ferromagnetic, porosity and inertial parameters. Concentration of chemical reaction is increased with Schmidt and Reynolds numbers as well as heterogeneous chemical reaction parameter while motile microorganisms concentration is decreased with bioconvection Lewis, Peclet, and Reynolds numbers. Entropy generation is increased with thermal radiation, diffusivity and porosity parameters while spray rate is decreased with high values of film size.
Introduction: Epistemic and Artistic List-Making
Authors: Barton Roman Alexander , Böckling Julia , Link Sarah , Rüggemeier Anne 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe first chapter offers a substantial introduction that surveys previous scholarship on lists and list-making and situates the simple but versatile form of the list in its historical, cultural, and aesthetic contexts. Starting with an etymological contextualization of the term list, the introduction presents the list as a piece in the making—a handicraft—to then embrace the literary, poetic, and cultural manifestations of list-making throughout the centuries. As it invites us to reflect on how art or knowledge is produced through enumeration, the introduction further provides a condensed, analytical, and original discussion of the list as an epistemic, a literary, and a visual form.
Between Order and Chaos: Lists in Children’s Literature
Authors: Blümer Agnes 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis chapter aims to contribute toward a poetics of the list in children’s literature. Lists are a recurrent technique in texts addressed to children and young adults. This chapter intends to show that the didactic function of lists is very important, especially in picturebooks, but that many lists in children’s literature are also intended to serve as a source of enjoyment through their reliance on rhymes, sounds, and their typical creative play with language. Many lists do not transfer knowledge or moral standards but play with concepts of narration.
Et Cetera Photobooks? Reflections on Conceptual Documentary Photography as Visual Enumeration
Authors: Schürmann Anja 
Published: January 2022

AbstractUsing three photobooks by Ricardo Cases, Allison Stewart, and Stephen Gill, I explore the question of whether visual lists can exist. I investigate what operations must be involved in conceptualizing a semantically open and polysemous artifact like photography as a discrete enumeration and then consider which aesthetic practices might be associated with it. My thesis is that, through reductionist and abstracting practices, enumerative photography has found a way to rethink the problem of figural representation in documentary photography. As a serial work, the Conceptual Documentary photobook (CDp) can be both politically and conceptually coherent in emphasizing the interpretive gaps between individual images and thus creating a receptive autonomy, which is an important representational goal in approaches to Postdocumentary Art.
Lore and Order: Enlisting Rabbinic Epistemology
Authors: Lehmhaus Lennart 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis chapter explores the diverse manifestations of lists in rabbinic texts of late antiquity and their complex strategies of structuring, producing, and conveying knowledge through lists. The discussion is embedded within a broader perspective on lists as didactic and epistemic tools within ancient cultures of the Mediterranean and the Middle East. I argue that lists play an important role in the production of knowledge in premodern Jewish culture. The following examples aim to demonstrate that in Talmudic medical discourse, in legal prescriptions, in exegetical and in ethical midrashic texts, lists function as a versatile “epistemic form.” Lists shaped the rabbinic collections of law and lore that functioned simultaneously as cultural inventories, store houses of knowledge, and practical reference works. They thus facilitate the transfer of knowledge of the world and of the body into the world of the rabbinic study house and eventually into the quasi-canonical Talmudic corpus, an encyclopedic body of knowledge.
Don’t Trust the List: The Politics of Enumeration and Capitalist Discourse in the Novel
Authors: von Contzen Eva 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis chapter highlights the often invisible political agendas behind lists (the “politics of the list”) and makes a case for reading lists suspiciously and symptomatically rather than “on the surface.” Based on recent work on formal approaches to literature, the list is understood as a cognitive form that elicits a range of affordances, depending on the context of use. To what extent a reading of lists in the novel can profit from such an approach is demonstrated by the example of capitalist discourse, which manifests itself through the list form in the novel from the nineteenth century to today.
Aesthetic Unrest: “Howl” and the Literary List
Authors: Brickey Alyson 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis chapter suggests that the a-narrative character of the literary list—its ties to textual over-population, paratactic prose, and excessive description—initiates what I call an “aesthetic unrest”: a restless tension that sits frustratingly unresolved. To elucidate this idea, I take up Allen Ginsberg’s 1956 poem “Howl,” a deviously restless text whose subjects are constantly caught up in continuous verbs, performing illicit acts, and living in ways that defy state-sanctioned norms of behavior. Contrary to what some scholars identify as the list’s potentially dangerous cultural function, I conclude that the constantly mobile, restless character of literary lists works to alienate readers and expose them to otherness, a dynamic that is structurally aligned with contemporary theoretical conceptions of ethics and responsibility.
Culinary List Form in the Experimental Poetry of 1960s Finland: Literary Menus and Recipes
Authors: Joensuu Juri 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis chapter investigates the close relationship between the list form and experimental writing, and the poetic and literary usage of the form in the ideologically countercultural experimental setting of the 1960s. The focus is on Finnish literature of the decade and texts that utilize the culinary forms of recipe and menu, both of which are essentially based on listing. The texts examined, thus, combine two traditions: the history of food listings in literature, and the fondness for the list form in experimental and avant-garde traditions. The article begins by considering the recurring position of lists in the experimental writing of the 1960s. Lists are compared to other formal resources used in experimental writing, like found texts or constraints. Then, four examples, literary menus and recipes by Kari Aronpuro, Kalevi Lappalainen, Anselm Hollo, and M. A. Numminen are taken into closer reading.
A Low-Cost GNSS Prototype for Tracking Runners in RTK Mode: Comparison with Running Watch Performance
Authors: Taddia Yuri , Ercolin Luca , Pellegrinelli Alberto 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGNSS positioning is widely use in every kind of application. Nowadays, low-cost GNSS modules are becoming available to apply the Real-Time Kinematic mode in those applications in which a centimeter-level accuracy would be appreciated for a precise positioning. In this work, we developed a prototype for collecting data in RTK mode with a single-frequency multi-constellation device during some physical tests performed by a professional runner. Prior to do this, we assessed the accuracy in estimating the distance actually covered during a walking on a signalized line. Also, we verified the capability to detect short sprints of about 12–15 s. Finally, we compared the results of our prototype with a Polar M430 running watch during three Cooper tests and a Kosmin test. The comparison highlighted that the running watch overestimated the total distance systematically and did not describe the performance of the athlete accurately in time. The distance overestimation was +4.7% on average using the running watch, whereas our prototype system exhibited an error level of about 0.1%.
Definition of the Local Geoid Undulation Using Non-contemporary GNSS-Levelling Data on Subsidence Area: Application on the Adriatic Coastline
Authors: Tavasci Luca , Vecchi Enrica , Gandolfi Stefano 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe knowledge of the so-called geoid undulation, which represents the height of the geoid above a reference ellipsoid, is a fundamental step to link ellipsoidal heights measured using satellite systems and orthometric heights. Several geoid models are available at the time both at the national or global scale, which can be used for the purpose. Another way to define the geoid undulation is to perform joint measures with GNSS and spirit levelling over common benchmarks. This requires onerous measurements that is seldom possible to perform due to their cost. In this work, we evaluated the possibility to define a local model of the geoid undulation using already available spirit levelling orthometric heights and GNSS ellipsoidal heights measured about 13 years later. The test area is the Emilia-Romagna Adriatic coastline, an area of great interest both from the environmental and economic point of view, which is also undergoing consistent subsidence phenomena.Test results show that the available measurements allow defining a geoid undulation that is coherent with the shape defined by the gravimetric models and also allows to transform ellipsoidal heights into orthometric ones more consistent with the height reference available on the surveyed area. A 7 cm overall bias with respect to the ITALGEO05 was found, whereas ITG2009 and EGM2008 have higher differences. The use of subsidence models to align over time the coordinates used to define the geoid undulation has proven to be a fundamental step. The analysis on the a-priori uncertainty in the geoid height definition shown that the combined use of much more precise GNSS coordinates and contemporary spirit levelling campaign is necessary to significantly improve the resulting geoid height.
Satellite Data and Epidemic Cartography: A Study of the Relationship Between the Concentration of NO2 and the COVID-19 Epidemic
Authors: Pignocchino Gianmarco , Pezzoli Alessandro , Besana Angelo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSatellite data are widely used to study the spatial component of epidemics: to monitor their evolution, to create epidemiological risk maps and predictive models. The improvement of data quality, not only in technical terms but also of scientific relevance and robustness, represents in this context one of the most important aspects for health information technology that can make further significant and useful progress in monitoring and managing epidemics. In this regard, this paper intends to address an issue that is not always adequately considered in the use of satellite data for the creation of maps and spatial models of epidemics, namely the preliminary verification of the level of spatial correlation between remote sensing environmental variables and epidemics. Specifically, we intend to evaluate the contribution of exposure to the pollutant nitrogen dioxide (NO2) on the spatial spread of the virus and the severity of the current COVID infection.
Thraxions: towards full string models
Authors: Carta Federico , Mininno Alessandro , Righi Nicole , Westphal Alexander 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We elucidate various aspects of the physics of thraxions, ultra-light axions arising at Klebanov-Strassler multi-throats in the compactification space of IIB superstring theory. We study the combined stabilization of Kähler moduli and thraxions, showing that under reasonable assumptions, one can solve the combined problem both in a KKLT and a LVS setup. We find that for non-minimal multi-throats, the thraxion mass squared is three-times suppressed by the throat warp factor. However, the minimal case of a double-throat can preserve the six-times suppression as originally found. We also discuss the backreaction of a non-vanishing thraxion vacuum expectation value on the geometry, showing that it induces a breaking of the imaginary self-duality condition for 3-form fluxes. This in turn breaks the Calabi-Yau structure to a complex manifold one. Finally, we extensively search for global models which can accommodate the presence of multiple thraxions within the database of Complete Intersection Calabi-Yau orientifolds. We find that each multi-throat system holds a single thraxion. We further point out difficulties in constructing a full-fledged global model, due to the generic presence of frozen-conifold singularities in a Calabi-Yau orientifold. For this reason, we propose a new database of CICY orientifolds that do not have frozen conifolds but that admit thraxions.
Miura operators, degenerate fields and the M2-M5 intersection
Authors: Gaiotto Davide , Rapčák Miroslav 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We determine the mathematical structures which govern the Ω deformation of supersymmetric intersections of M2 and M5 branes. We find that the supersymmetric intersections govern many aspects of the theory of W-algebras, including degenerate modules, the Miura transform and Coulomb gas constructions. We give an algebraic interpretation of the Pandharipande-Thomas box counting in ℂ3.
Shallow magma convection evidenced by excess degassing and thermal radiation during the dome-forming Sabancaya eruption (2012–2020)
Authors: Coppola D. , Valade S. , Masias P. , Laiolo M. , Massimetti F. , Campus A. , Aguilar R. , Anccasi R. , Apaza F. , Ccallata B. , Cigolini C. , Cruz L. F. , Finizola A. , Gonzales K. , Macedo O. , Miranda R. , Ortega M. , Paxi R. , Taipe E. , Valdivia D. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe used a large set of satellite- (visible, infrared, and radar images from Planetscope, MODIS, VIIRS, Sentinel2, Landsat 8, and Sentinel 1) and ground-based data (optical images, SO2 flux, shallow seismicity) to describe and characterize the activity of the Sabancaya volcano during the unrest and eruption phases that occurred between 2012 and 2020. The unrest phase (2012–2016) was characterized by increasing gas and thermal flux, sourced by a convective magma column rising along with the remnants of a buried plug still permeable to fluid flow. Conversely, a new conduit, adjacent to the previous one, fed the eruptive phase (2016–2020) which was instead characterized by a discontinuous extrusive activity, with phases of dome growth (at rates from 0.04 to 0.75 m3 s−1) and collapse. The extrusive activity was accompanied by fluctuating thermal anomalies (0.5–25 MW), by irregular SO2 degassing (700–7000 tons day−1), and by variable explosive activity (4–100 events d−1) producing repeated vulcanian ash plumes (500–5000 m above the crater). Magma budget calculation during the eruptive phase indicates a large excess of degassing, with the volume of degassed magma (0.25–1.28 km3) much higher than the volume of erupted magma (< 0.01 km3). Similarly, the thermal energy radiated by the eruption was much higher than that sourced by the dome itself, an unbalance that, by analogy with the degassing, we define as “excess thermal radiation”. Both of these unbalances are consistent with the presence of shallow magma convection that fed the extrusive and explosive activity of the Sabancaya dome.
Estimating the Least Principal Stress in a Granitic Rock Mass: Systematic Mini-Frac Tests and Elaborated Pressure Transient Analysis
Authors: Bröker Kai , Ma Xiaodong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe hydraulic fracturing technique (also termed mini-frac test) is commonly used to estimate the in situ stress field. We recently conducted a mini-frac stress measurement campaign in the newly-established Bedretto Underground Laboratory (BedrettoLab) in the Swiss Alps. Four vertical boreholes, dedicated for stress characterization of the granitic rock mass, hosted a total of 19 mini-frac test intervals. Systematic pressure transient analysis was performed to carefully estimate the magnitude of the least principal stress ($$S_\mathrm {3}$$

S
3

). We compared five different methods (inflection point, bilinear pressure decay rate, tangent, fracture compliance, and jacking pressure) to identify an adequate approach best suited for our test scale and the host rock mass. We found that the methods used to determine the fracture closure pressure underestimate the magnitude of $$S_\mathrm {3}$$

S
3

, presumably due to the rapid closure of the hydraulic fracture after shut-in. The most consistent results were found using the inflection point and bilinear pressure decay rate method, which both determine the (instantaneous) shut-in pressure as the proxy for the $$S_\mathrm {3}$$

S
3

magnitude. The determined shut-in pressure, or $$S_\mathrm {3}$$

S
3

magnitude, is $$14.6\pm 1.4$$

14.6
±
1.4

MPa from the inflection point method. This allowed us to further estimate the stress environment around the BedrettoLab, which is transitional between normal and strike-slip faulting. The measured local pore pressures from extended shut-in periods are between 2.0 and 5.6 MPa, significantly below hydrostatic. A combination of drainage, cooling, and the excavation damage zone of the tunnel may have significantly perturbed the in situ stress field in the vicinity of the BedrettoLab.
On the relationship between similar requirements and similar software
Authors: Abbas Muhammad , Ferrari Alessio , Shatnawi Anas , Enoiu Eduard , Saadatmand Mehrdad , Sundmark Daniel 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRecommender systems for requirements are typically built on the assumption that similar requirements can be used as proxies to retrieve similar software. When a stakeholder proposes a new requirement, natural language processing (NLP)-based similarity metrics can be exploited to retrieve existing requirements, and in turn, identify previously developed code. Several NLP approaches for similarity computation between requirements are available. However, there is little empirical evidence on their effectiveness for code retrieval. This study compares different NLP approaches, from lexical ones to semantic, deep-learning techniques, and correlates the similarity among requirements with the similarity of their associated software. The evaluation is conducted on real-world requirements from two industrial projects from a railway company. Specifically, the most similar pairs of requirements across two industrial projects are automatically identified using six language models. Then, the trace links between requirements and software are used to identify the software pairs associated with each requirements pair. The software similarity between pairs is then automatically computed with JPLag. Finally, the correlation between requirements similarity and software similarity is evaluated to see which language model shows the highest correlation and is thus more appropriate for code retrieval. In addition, we perform a focus group with members of the company to collect qualitative data. Results show a moderately positive correlation between requirements similarity and software similarity, with the pre-trained deep learning-based BERT language model with preprocessing outperforming the other models. Practitioners confirm that requirements similarity is generally regarded as a proxy for software similarity. However, they also highlight that additional aspect comes into play when deciding software reuse, e.g., domain/project knowledge, information coming from test cases, and trace links. Our work is among the first ones to explore the relationship between requirements and software similarity from a quantitative and qualitative standpoint. This can be useful not only in recommender systems but also in other requirements engineering tasks in which similarity computation is relevant, such as tracing and change impact analysis.