bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Building a data‐driven circular supply chain hierarchical structure: Resource recovery implementation drives circular business strategy
Authors: Tseng Ming‐Lang , Ha Hien Minh , Tran Thi Phuong Thuy , Bui Tat‐Dat , Chen Chih‐Cheng , Lin Chun‐Wei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe circular supply chain has recently received more attention as a relevant solution to effectively tackle environmental issues while simultaneously achieving resource recovery and circular business strategy benefits. This study builds a hierarchical circular supply chain structure from big data including qualitative and quantitative information. This study uses data‐driven analysis to clarify circular supply chain trends and opportunities in practice. A valid hierarchical circular supply chain structure is composed of a big dataset. However, the attributes of the hierarchical circular supply chain structure must be explored to identify the opportunities and challenges of the circular supply chain. A combination of data‐driven content and cluster analysis, including the fuzzy Delphi method, fuzzy decision‐making trials, evaluation laboratories, and the entropy weight method, is utilized to address this gap. The study analyzes a set of five attributes from the literature, and 23 criteria are validated. The results show that resource recovery implementation, Industry 4.0 and digitalization, and reverse supply chain practice pertain to the causal group, while circular business strategy and life cycle sustainability assessment are included in the effect group. The conclusive criteria comprise material efficiency, waste‐to‐energy, machine learning, e‐waste, plastic recycling, and artificial intelligence.
Phosphatidylserine released from apoptotic cells in tumor induces M2‐like macrophage polarization through the PSR‐STAT3‐JMJD3 axis
Authors: Liang Xiao , Luo Min , Shao Bin , Yang Jing‐Yun , Tong An , Wang Rui‐Bo , Liu Yan‐Tong , Jun Ren , Liu Ting , Yi Tao , Zhao Xia , Wei Yu‐Quan , Wei Xia‐Wei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundUnderstanding how the tumor microenvironment is shaped by various factors is important for the development of new therapeutic strategies. Tumor cells often undergo spontaneous apoptotic cell death in tumor microenvironment, these apoptotic cells are histologically co‐localized with immunosuppressive macrophages. However, the mechanism by which tumor cell apoptosis modulates macrophage polarization is not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to explore the tumor promoting effects of apoptotic tumor cells and the signal pathways involved.MethodsApoptotic cells and macrophages in tumors were detected by immunohistochemical staining. Morphological analysis was performed with Giemsa staining. Lipids generated from apoptotic cells were detected by liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry. Phosphatidylserine‐containing liposomes were prepared to mimic apoptotic cells. The expression of protein was determined by real‐time PCR, immunohistochemistry enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and Western blotting. Mouse malignant ascites and subcutaneous tumor models were designed for in vivo analysis. Transgenic mice with specific genes knocked out and inhibitors specific to certain proteins were used for the mechanistic studies.ResultsThe location and the number of apoptotic cells were correlated with that of macrophages in several types of carcinomas. Phosphatidylserine, a lipid molecule generated in apoptotic cells, induced polarization and accumulation of M2‐like macrophages in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, sustained administration of phosphoserine promoted tumor growth in the malignant ascites and subcutaneous tumor models. Further analyses suggested that phosphoserine induced a M2‐like phenotype in macrophages, which was related to the activation of phosphoserine receptors including T‐cell immunoglobin mucin 4 (TIM4) and the FAK‐SRC‐STAT3 signaling pathway as well as elevated the expression of the histone demethylase Jumonji domain‐containing protein 3 (JMJD3). Administration of specific inhibitors of these pathways could reduce tumor progression.ConclusionsThis study suggest that apoptotic cell‐generated phosphoserine might be a notable signal for immunosuppressive macrophages in tumors, and the related pathways might be potential therapeutic targets for cancer therapy.
Glucosamine suppresses oxidative stress and induces protective autophagy in osteoblasts by blocking the ROS/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Huang Lintuo , Su Wei , Wu Ziqian , Zheng Lidan , Lv Chen 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOxidative stress is the crucial pathogenic factor in osteoporosis. Cell autophagy, a major form of self‐digestion, plays critical functions in different forms of stress by devouring harmful cytosolic proteins or organelles for the renewal of organelles and to maintain cellular homeostasis. Glucosamine (GlcN) has been widely utilized in treatments for patients with osteoarthritis‐related joint pain. It has potential antioxidant effects and its pharmacological effect in osteoblasts remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate whether autophagy participates in the protective effects of GlcN in osteoblasts under oxidative stress and the possible mechanism. First of all, MC3T3‐E1 cells were treated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to induce oxidative stress, as assessed by viability assays, apoptosis, the intracellular reactive oxygen species production. GlcN was capable of inducing autophagy and protected osteoblasts from those cytotoxic effects. Moreover, it significantly attenuated H2O2‐induced oxidative stress as measured by malondialdehyde, glutathione, nitrite, and superoxide dismutase levels. Importantly, the autophagy level increased in osteoblasts treated with GlcN as represented by an increase in both Beclin1 expression and the LC3 II/I ratio. Immunofluorescence analysis of autophagosomes also confirmed the above results. In addition, GlcN decreased the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and protein kinase B (Akt). However, the Akt activator (SC79) suppressed the autophagy level induced by GlcN in osteoblasts. Consequently, the antioxidant effects of GlcN were mediated, at least in part, by enhancing autophagy through the Akt/mTOR pathway. These results suggested that GlcN might be a promising candidate for osteoporosis treatment.
A Self‐Assembled Fmoc‐Diphenylalanine Hydrogel‐Encapsulated Pt Nanozyme as Oxidase‐ and Peroxidase‐Like Breaking pH Limitation for Potential Antimicrobial Application
Authors: Chen Jun , Zhang Shuo , Chen Xu , Wang Lianying , Yang Wensheng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNanomaterials with oxidase‐ and peroxidase‐like activities have potential in antibacterial therapy. The optimal activity of most nanozymes occurred in acidic pH (3.0–5.0), while the pH in biological systems is mostly near neutral. Herein, a general system using 9‐fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl‐modified diphenylalanine (Fmoc‐FF) hydrogel for enhancing oxidase‐ and peroxidase‐like activities of Pt NPs and other typical enzyme‐like nanomaterials at neutral or even alkaline pH is proposed. In this system, Fmoc‐FF hydrogel provides an acidic microenvironment for Pt NPs due to hydrogen protons (H+) produced by the dissociation of F at neutral pH. As a result, Pt NPs exhibits 6‐fold enhanced oxidase‐like and 26‐fold peroxidase‐like activity after being encapsulated into Fmoc‐FF hydrogel at pH 7.0. Based on outstanding enzymatic activities and the antibacterial activity of Fmoc‐FF hydrogel itself, Pt‐Fmoc‐FF hydrogel realizes excellent antibacterial effect. This design provides a universal strategy to break pH limitation of nanozymes and promotes the biological applications of nanozymes.
Multi‐party smart contract for an AI services ecosystem: An application to smart construction
Authors: Gec Sandi , Kochovski Petar , Lavbič Dejan , Stankovski Vlado 
Published: February 2022

AbstractVarious smart applications, such as in the domain of smart construction, require the use of artificial intelligence (AI) based services. In order to support such environments, various AI/knowledge service provider and consumer ecosystems have started to emerge. Within such ecosystems, the goals are to improve the quality, reliability, dependability in terms of governance and trust in the data which is exchanged among the various actors, which must be supported by specific business models. This work introduces a novel multi‐party smart contract (SC) that is designed to address the above mentioned goals. Specific service level agreements that illustrate the interactions among the AI service providers and consumers are also presented. The developed multi‐party SC supports different pricing schemes, which are analyzed in detail against the goals of the study.
Radical‐Enhanced Intersystem Crossing in Perylene‐Oxoverdazyl Radical Dyads
Authors: Imran Muhammad , Taddei Maria , Sukhanov Andrey A. , Bussotti Laura , Ni Wenjun , Foggi Paolo , Gurzadyan Gagik G. , Zhao Jianzhang , Di Donato Mariangela , Voronkova Violeta K. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAttaching stable radicals to organic chromophores is an effective method to enhance the intersystem crossing (ISC) of the chromophores. Herein we prepared perylene‐oxoverdazyl dyads either by directly connecting the two units or using an intervening phenyl spacer. We investigated the effect of the radical on the photophysical properties of perylene and observed strong fluorescence quenching due to radical enhanced ISC (REISC). Compared with a previously reported perylene‐fused nitroxide radical compound (triplet lifetime, τT=0.1 μs), these new adducts show a longer‐lived triplet excited state (τT=9.5 μs). Based on the singlet oxygen quantum yield (ΦΔ=7 %) and study of the triplet state, we propose that the radical enhanced internal conversion also plays a role in the relaxation of the excited state. Femtosecond fluorescence up‐conversion indicates a fast decay of the excited state (<1.0 ps), suggesting a strong spin‐spin exchange interaction between the two units. Femtosecond transient absorption (fs‐TA) spectra confirmed direct triplet state population (within 0.5 ps). Interestingly, by fs‐TA spectra, we observed the interconversion of the two states (D1↔Q1) at ∼80 ps time scale. Time‐resolved electron paramagnetic resonance (TREPR) spectral study confirmed the formation of the quartet sate. We observed triplet and quartet states simultaneously with weights of 0.7 and 0.3, respectively. This is attributed to two different conformations of the molecule at excited state. DFT computations showed that the interaction between the radical and the chromophore is ferromagnetic (J>0, 0.05∼0.10 eV).
The planned curriculum—Not just a matter of teachers
Authors: Grundén Helena 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTeachers are responsible for teaching, and when they plan, they are part of a complex non‐linear social practice of curriculum making. When planning, teachers draw on curriculum materials, which are often designed to promote reform; however, previous studies show that this is not always the case. A study on planning for mathematics teaching in Sweden showed that teachers are influenced by those who have formal and informal power when they plan. This article focuses on structural influence on teachers' planning as curriculum work and the possible consequences for teacher agency. The data comes from a focus group discussion about planning with mathematics teachers in primary school. Tools for the analysis were inspired by actor analysis and “three pillars of institutions”. Results show that the structural influence on teachers is at the regulative, the normative, and the cultural‐cognitive levels. Regulative influence seems to be short‐term, while cultural‐cognitive influence seems to last over the long‐term. The most prominent influence was normative and related to the textbook. Results shed light on teachers' curriculum work in the micro site of activity when they are planning for mathematics teaching. Based on the results, the article suggests that teachers—as key actors when it comes to teaching—must have the opportunity to discuss and problematize assumptions, ideas that are taken‐for‐granted, and power relations in curriculum making to achieve agency and be the professional agents of change they are expected to be.
FIRST: Fuzzy based intelligent relay selection and transition technique for delay tolerant networks
Authors: Sonkar Nidhi , Pandey Sudhakar , Kumar Sanjay 
Published: February 2022

SummaryDelay tolerant network (DTN) has attracted significant attention of the researchers due to its capability of delivering the message even in the situation where network connectivity is irregular. Irregular networks result in non‐delivery of data to user at right time, and the same is not possible with traditional algorithms due to requirement of end‐to‐end connectivity between nodes. DTN uses story–carry–forward technique to deliver a message in the environment of disconnection. Hence, for message transmission from source node to destination node, a relay node or forwarder node is required. The efficiency of the network is mainly dependent on the selection of forwarder node. Hence, forwarder node selection is very crucial in DTNs. The objective of this paper is to propose an efficient relay node selection technique integrated with fuzzy logic, based on four properties of node, namely, number of encounters, residual energy, buffer capacity, and speed so that performance metrics of the network can be improve. Proposed method uses fuzzy logic to decide which node should be selected as relay node in multi hop strategy. The study of simulation results indicate that proposed algorithm improves performance of the network with regards to delivery ratio, delay, hop count, and throughput.
“Does your baby watch TV?”: The associations between at‐home TV watching and laboratory challenge cortisol are different for young infants and their mothers
Authors: Thompson Laura A. , Liberty Rebecca , Corr Alora 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis longitudinal study examined associations between at‐home TV watching and the biological stress response (cortisol) during a laboratory infant cognitive challenge task in 240 3‐ and 5‐month infants and their mothers. Cortisol levels were lower in mothers of 5‐month‐old infants whose infants were exposed to TV at home, compared to mothers of infants that were not TV‐exposed. Cortisol patterns were different across three laboratory sampling intervals for 3‐month‐old infants as a function of TV watching, revealing a sharp increase in laboratory cortisol only for infants who were exposed to TV at home. In contrast, there was no effect of TV exposure in 5‐month‐old infants’ cortisol. Infant temperament and demographic measures were included as control variables in regression models to predict maternal and infant cortisol. At 3 months, for the T3 cortisol sampling interval, and at 5 months across all three sampling intervals, maternal cortisol levels were significantly predicted by infant TV exposure after accounting for variance due to these control variables. Our findings show the strong influence of the infant TV‐exposure factor in the biological stress response of mothers of young infants, and suggest that infant TV exposure may influence self‐regulation in 3‐month‐old infants.
A mother's touch: Preschool‐aged children are regulated by positive maternal touch
Authors: Scott Mirenna G. , Smiley Patricia A. , Ahn Ashley , Lazarus Molly F. , Borelli Jessica L. , Doan Stacey N. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPositive maternal touch plays an important role in the development of children's physiological regulation and cognitive development in infancy, as well as the development of sociality in early childhood. However, few studies have looked beyond infancy to consider the possible continuing impact of positive maternal touch on child stress reactivity during early childhood. A diverse community sample of mothers (N = 114, Mage = 33.52 years, SD = 5.33) and their preschool‐aged children (Mage = 41.68 months, SD = 4.67; 49.1% female) participated in the study. Basic demographics were reported by mothers. We coded maternal touch behaviors during an emotionally charged laboratory conversation task and assessed children's physiological reactivity to stressful laboratory tasks with salivary cortisol. Results reveal a significant negative association between positive maternal touch and child salivary cortisol reactivity. In addition, family income, adjusted for family size, and child sex were significantly associated with child cortisol stress reactivity. Findings are discussed in terms of persistent downregulating effects of positive maternal touch on child stress reactivity, as well as possible links of stress reactivity with family income, a proxy for economic stress, and child sex.
Annual transcriptome of a key zooplankton species, the copepod Calanus finmarchicus
Authors: Payton Laura , Noirot Céline , Last Kim S. , Grigor Jordan , Hüppe Lukas , Conway David V. P. , Dannemeyer Mona , Suin Amandine , Meyer Bettina 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe copepod Calanus finmarchicus (Crustacea, Copepoda) is a key zooplanktonic species with a crucial position in the North Atlantic food web and significant contributor to ocean carbon flux. Like many other high latitude animals, it has evolved a programmed arrested development called diapause to cope with long periods of limited food supply, while growth and reproduction are timed to take advantage of seasonal peaks in primary production. However, anthropogenic warming is inducing changes in the expected timing of phytoplankton blooms, suggesting phenological mismatches with negative consequences for the N. Atlantic ecosystem. While diapause mechanisms are mainly studied in terrestrial arthropods, specifically on laboratory model species, such as the fruit fly Drosophila, the molecular investigations of annual rhythms in wild marine species remain fragmentary. Here we performed a rigorous year‐long monthly sampling campaign of C. finmarchicus in a Scottish Loch (UK; 56.45°N, 5.18°W) to generate an annual transcriptome. The mRNA of 36 samples (monthly triplicate of 25 individuals) have been deeply sequenced with an average depth of 137 ± 4 million reads (mean ± SE) per sample, aligned to the reference transcriptome, and filtered. We detail the quality assessment of the datasets and provide a high‐quality resource for the investigation of wild annual transcriptomic rhythms (35,357 components) in a key diapausing zooplanktonic species.
Contributions of mean temperature and temperature variation to population stability and community diversity
Authors: Hammill Edd , Dart Riley 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFuture climate changes are predicted to not only increase global temperatures but also alter temporal variation in temperature. As thermal tolerances form an important component of a species’ niche, changes to the temperature regime have the capacity to negatively impact species, and therefore, the diversity of the communities they inhabit. In this study, we used protist microcosms to assess how mean temperature, as well as temporal variation in temperature, affected diversity. Communities consisted of seven species in a multitrophic food web. Each ecosystem was inoculated with the same abundances of each species at the start of the experiment, and species densities, Hill's numbers (based on Shannon diversity), the number of extinctions, and the probability the microcosm contained predators were all calculated at the end of the experiment. To assess how mean temperature and temperature fluctuations affect stability, we also measured population densities through time. We found that increased temporal variation in temperature increased final densities, increased Hill's numbers (at low mean temperatures), decreased rates of extinctions, and increased the probability that predators survived till the end of the experiment. Mean temperatures did not significantly affect either the number of extinctions or the probability of predators, but did reduce the positive effect of increased temporal variation in temperature on overall diversity. Our results indicate that climatic changes have the potential to impact the composition of ecological communities by altering multiple components of temperature regimes. However, given that some climate forecasts are predicting increased mean temperatures and reduced variability, our finding that increased mean temperature and reduced temporal variation are both generally associated with negative consequences is somewhat concerning.
Detection of raised cloths characteristics by heat flow using a miniaturized warmth and force sensor
Authors: Mori Ryoga , Murase Yuya , Ito Shota , Nonomura Yutaka , Hata Yoshiyuki 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper reports on detection of raised cloths characteristics by a miniaturized warmth and force sensor. In our previous study, it was demonstrated that a warmth and force sensor discriminates block materials by a heat‐flow peak in a heat‐flow transitional phenomenon. In this study, heat‐flow‐peak characteristics of the raised cloths with different raising‐part lengths were measured, and capability of discrimination of raised cloths was investigated. The experimental results showed that the heat‐flow‐peak value decreases with increase of the raising‐part length when the raising‐part length is under 12 to 15 mm. The raising‐part lengths of the raised clothes were discriminated by the warmth and force sensor.
Climate change influences foliar nutrition and metabolism of red maple (Acer rubrum) trees in a northern hardwood forest
Authors: Blagden Megan , Harrison Jamie L. , Minocha Rakesh , Sanders‐DeMott Rebecca , Long Stephanie , Templer Pamela H. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMean annual air temperatures are projected to increase, while the winter snowpack is expected to shrink in depth and duration for many mid‐ and high‐latitude temperate forest ecosystems over the next several decades. Together, these changes will lead to warmer growing season soil temperatures and an increased frequency of soil freeze–thaw cycles (FTCs) in winter. We took advantage of the Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest in the White Mountains of New Hampshire, USA, to determine how these changes in soil temperature affect foliar nitrogen (N) and carbon metabolism of red maple (Acer rubrum) trees in 2015 and 2017. Earlier work from this study revealed a similar increase in foliar N concentrations with growing season soil warming, with or without the occurrence of soil FTCs in winter. However, these changes in soil warming could differentially affect the availability of cellular nutrients, concentrations of primary and secondary metabolites, and the rates of photosynthesis that are all responsive to climate change. We found that foliar concentrations of phosphorus (P), potassium (K), N, spermine (a polyamine), amino acids (alanine, histidine, and phenylalanine), chlorophyll, carotenoids, sucrose, and rates of photosynthesis increased with growing season soil warming. Despite similar concentrations of foliar N with soil warming with and without soil FTCs in winter, winter soil FTCs affected other foliar metabolic responses. The combination of growing season soil warming and winter soil FTCs led to increased concentrations of two polyamines (putrescine and spermine) and amino acids (alanine, proline, aspartic acid, γ‐aminobutyric acid, valine, leucine, and isoleucine). Treatment‐specific metabolic changes indicated that while responses to growing season warming were more connected to their role as growth modulators, soil warming + FTC treatment‐related effects revealed their dual role in growth and stress tolerance. Together, the results of this study demonstrate that growing season soil warming has multiple positive effects on foliar N and cellular metabolism in trees and that some of these foliar responses are further modified by the addition of stress from winter soil FTCs.