bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reversal of neuronal tau pathology via adiponectin receptor activation
Authors: McGregor Eric R. , Lasky Danny J. , Rippentrop Olivia J. , Clark Josef P. , Wright Samantha , Jones Mathew V. , Anderson Rozalyn M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractChanges in brain mitochondrial metabolism are coincident with functional decline; however, direct links between the two have not been established. Here, we show that mitochondrial targeting via the adiponectin receptor activator AdipoRon (AR) clears neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and rescues neuronal tauopathy-associated defects. AR reduced levels of phospho-tau and lowered NFT burden by a mechanism involving the energy-sensing kinase AMPK and the growth-sensing kinase GSK3b. The transcriptional response to AR included broad metabolic and functional pathways. Induction of lysosomal pathways involved activation of LC3 and p62, and restoration of neuronal outgrowth required the stress-responsive kinase JNK. Negative consequences of NFTs on mitochondrial activity, ATP production, and lipid stores were corrected. Defects in electrophysiological measures (e.g., resting potential, resistance, spiking profiles) were also corrected. These findings reveal a network linking mitochondrial function, cellular maintenance processes, and electrical aspects of neuronal function that can be targeted via adiponectin receptor activation.
Optimized methods for scRNA-seq and snRNA-seq of skeletal muscle stored in nucleic acid stabilizing preservative
Authors: Heuston Elisabeth F. , Doumatey Ayo P. , Naz Faiza , Islam Shamima , Anderson Stacie , Kirby Martha R. , Wincovitch Stephen , Dell’Orso Stefania , Rotimi Charles N. , Adeyemo Adebowale A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSingle cell studies have transformed our understanding of cellular heterogeneity in disease but the need for fresh starting material can be an obstacle, especially in the context of international multicenter studies and archived tissue. We developed a protocol to obtain high-quality cells and nuclei from dissected human skeletal muscle archived in the preservative Allprotect® Tissue Reagent. After fluorescent imaging microscopy confirmed intact nuclei, we performed four protocol variations that compared sequencing metrics between cells and nuclei enriched by either filtering or flow cytometry sorting. Cells and nuclei (either sorted or filtered) produced statistically identical transcriptional profiles and recapitulated 8 cell types present in skeletal muscle. Flow cytometry sorting successfully enriched for higher-quality cells and nuclei but resulted in an overall decrease in input material. Our protocol provides an important resource for obtaining high-quality single cell genomic material from archived tissue and to streamline global collaborative efforts.
Simulation‐based evaluation and polynomial regression‐based modelling of electric spring parameters with variable load impedance ratio
Authors: Rokde Jyoti R. , Thosar A. G. , Deshmukh Kishor B. , Bhadane Kishor V. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of Electric Spring (ES) performance through simulation experiments and polynomial regression modelling. The study primarily aims to assess how varying load impedance ratios impact ES performance, develop a polynomial regression model to predict the relationship between ES parameters and the ratio of non‐critical to critical load impedance, and validate the model against simulation results. Detailed simulations were performed to analyse the effects of different impedance ratios on ES behaviour. Subsequently, a polynomial regression model was formulated to accurately capture the relationship between the ES parameters and impedance ratios. The findings indicate that the polynomial regression model effectively predicts ES performance, with the predicted values closely matching the simulation results. The validation process confirms the model's accuracy and reliability, demonstrating its potential for practical applications in optimising ES performance under various impedance conditions. This study offers valuable insights into the enhancement of ES systems through precise modelling and analysis, contributing to improved stability and efficiency in power systems.
Zero‐shot moving ship segmentation based on segment anything network and optical flow network
Authors: Liu Wenhui , Qiao Yulong , Xing Zhengyi , Zhao Yue 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe wake of the ship and the waves on the water surface increased the difficulty of video‐based ship segmentation. To address this challenging problem, we propose a zero‐shot segmentation method based on the segment anything model (SAM) and optical flow network. Specifically, the dark channel filtering technology is employed as a preprocessing step to partly eliminate the noise from the sea surface. Then, the SAM with the point prompt is utilized to detect and segment ship targets in conjunction with finding the best mask algorithms, in which a supervision mechanism is introduced to determine the ship moving in or out of the surveillance region. Finally, we use the optical flow network to predict the position of the ship target and leverage the segmentation by using the network SAM with bounding boxes as prompts. The experiments on the benchmark dataset IPATCH demonstrate the performance of the proposed zero‐shot moving ship segmentation method.
A low‐cost MMC submodule topology with fast DC fault handling capability
Authors: Liu Yiqi , Yin Laicheng , Duan Zhaoyu , Li Zhenjie , Ban Mingfei , Zhang Jiawei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWith the continuous development of new energy technologies and the widespread application of high voltage direct current transmission technology, the use of modular multilevel converters (MMC) has significantly increased. Traditional MMCs, composed of half‐bridge submodules, lack fault handling capabilities, and cannot block fault currents on the DC side, thus compromising the stability of transmission systems. Therefore, this study proposes a low‐cost improved MMC submodule topology based on the dual‐bidirectional switch submodule (DBSSM) and provides an analysis and description of its structure and operating principles. The proposed DBSSM structure can output five voltage levels: 0, ± Uc, and ±2 Uc. Compared to the full‐bridge submodule topology, which achieves the same effect, the DBSSM reduces the number of IGBTs by half, significantly lowering hardware costs. A simulation model with a DC side voltage of 80 kV was built using MATLAB/Simulink to verify this topology. In the 80 kV scenario, the proposed DBSSM achieved DC fault ride‐through within 3 ms, doubling the speed compared to the full‐bridge submodule. Finally, hardware‐in‐the‐loop testing was performed using the dSPACE1202 and relevant hardware circuits, confirming the feasibility of the proposed structure.
Homo-humanitarianism: queering the Afghan crisis and evacuations
Authors: Munhazim Ahmad Qais 
Published: January 2025

AbstractUpon the international community’s exit from Afghanistan in August 2021, the West made Afghanistan into a crisis, covering up its decades of violence while dehumanizing Afghans. Afghanistan was constructed as a site of oppression and homophobia, allowing the West to situate itself once again as not only ‘civilized’ but ‘queerly civilized’. From the United States to Canada, France and Ireland, saving the ‘at risk’ Afghan queers, trans and women became an international humanitarian responsibility. How and why did queer and trans Afghans all a sudden become “at risk” and “in need of saving” individuals? How did the Western governments and humanitarian regimes politicize queer and trans Afghan lives and “savings”? Based on a de/colonial ethnography of the Afghan evacuations at the moment of humanitarian exit, this article introduces the concept of ‘homo-humanitarianism’ through which the West so-called saved queer and trans Afghans upon/post its abrupt withdrawal while constructing Afghanistan as a site of perpetual violence and Afghans as homophobic.
Hires-PhD: a transversal skills framework for diversifying PhD employability
Authors: Roy Debashish , Jiménez López María Dolores , García Álvarez María Ercilia 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study aims to enhance the industrial employability of PhD graduates through the development of the HIRES-PhD framework, an abbreviation of High Impact Research and Employability Skills for the PhD. It identifies and categorizes essential transversal skills. Using a systematic literature review and thematic analysis, we screened 828 papers and selected 39 relevant studies to compile a database of 236 transversal skills. These skills were organized into 16 categories and further distilled into four overarching themes. The HIRES-PhD Framework is compared with traditional models like DOTS, USEM, and MCPHE, as well as recent European initiatives such as DocTalent4EU and OUTDOC. This comparison highlights the framework’s unique focus on doctoral training and industrial employability, unlike traditional models which often target broader educational contexts. Our findings emphasize the importance of a holistic approach to transversal skills training, tailored specifically to the needs of PhD graduates. The HIRES-PhD Framework serves as a comprehensive, data-driven tool for designing PhD programmes that align with industry demands, ensuring that doctoral training is relevant and effective in enhancing employability. In conclusion, the HIRES-PhD Framework significantly contributes to the improvement of doctoral education by providing a structured approach to transversal skills development, thus bridging the gap between academic training and industrial needs. This framework is a valuable resource for policymakers, educators, researchers, and employers aiming to optimize PhD programmes for better employment outcomes.
Association of preoperative frailty with short- and long-term outcomes after hepatic resection for elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: multicentre analysis
Authors: Diao Yong-Kang , Li Dan , Wu Han , Yang Yi-Fan , Wang Nan-Ya , Gu Wei-Min , Chen Ting-Hao , Li Jie , Wang Hong , Zhou Ya-Hao , Liang Ying-Jian , Wang Xian-Ming , Lin Kong-Ying , Gu Li-Hui , Xu Jia-Hao , Pawlik Timothy M , Lau Wan-Yee , Shen Feng , Yang Tian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The growing demand for surgical resection in elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma highlights the need to understand the impact of preoperative frailty on surgical outcomes. The aim of this multicentre cohort study was to investigate the association between frailty and short- and long-term outcomes after hepatic resection among elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Methods
A multicentre analysis was conducted on elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (aged greater than or equal to 70 years) who underwent curative-intent resection at ten Chinese hospitals from 2012 to 2021. Frailty was assessed using the Clinical Frailty Scale (with frailty defined as a Clinical Frailty Scale score greater than or equal to 5). The primary outcomes were overall survival and recurrence-free survival; secondary outcomes encompassed postoperative 30-day morbidity and mortality, and 90-day mortality. The outcomes between patients with and without preoperative frailty were compared.

Results
Of the 488 elderly patients, 148 (30.3%) were considered frail. Frail patients experienced significantly higher 30-day morbidity (68.9% (102 of 148) versus 43.2% (147 of 340)), 30-day mortality (4.1% (6 of 148) versus 0.6% (2 of 340)), and 90-day mortality (6.1% (9 of 148) versus 0.9% (3 of 340)) compared with non-frail patients (all P &lt; 0.010). During a median follow-up of 37.7 (interquartile range 20.4–57.8) months, frail patients demonstrated significantly worse median overall survival (41.6 (95% c.i. 32.0 to 51.2) versus 69.7 (95% c.i. 55.6 to 83.8) months) and recurrence-free survival (27.6 (95% c.i. 23.1 to 32.1) versus 42.7 (95% c.i. 34.6 to 50.8) months) compared with non-frail patients (both P &lt; 0.010). Multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed frailty as an independent risk factor for decreased overall survival (HR 1.61; P = 0.001) and decreased recurrence-free survival (HR 1.32; P = 0.028).

Conclusion
Frailty is significantly associated with adverse short-term and long-term outcomes after resection in elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. The findings suggest that frailty assessment should be incorporated into perioperative and postoperative evaluation for elderly patients undergoing hepatocellular carcinoma resection.
Safety of Triple-Dose Rifampin in Tuberculosis Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Arbiv Omri A , Holmes Thomas , Kim Marie JeongMin , Yan Marie , Romanowski Kamila , Brode Sarah K , Burman William J , Menzies Dick , Johnston James C 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Recent studies suggest that triple-dose rifampin (TDR; ≥30 mg/kg/d) may be unsafe. We updated a systematic review to investigate the safety and efficacy of TDR.

Methods
We searched Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL, Cochrane Database for Systematic Reviews, and clinicaltrials.gov for randomized, controlled trials from 1 January 1965 to 10 February 2024 that compared standard-dose rifampin (SDR) with TDR and/or double-dose rifampin (DDR) in human tuberculosis treatment. The primary outcome was pooled incidence rate ratio (IRR) of severe adverse events (SevAEs) between participants who received TDR and those who received SDR. Pooled relative risk (RR) of death was a key secondary outcome. Meta-analysis was performed using the inverse variance method. Heterogeneity was assessed using I2, and bias was assessed using Cochrane Risk of Bias 2. The protocol was prospectively registered (osf.io/kfn5a).

Results
Of the 11 315 articles identified, 17 met inclusion criteria, enrolling 2313 SDR participants (17 studies), 2238 receiving DDR (12 studies), and 1199 receiving TDR (11 studies). Six studies had a high risk of bias. There was an increase in pooled SevAEs among participants who received TDR compared with those who received SDR (IRR, 1.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12–1.96; I2, 23%), driven by hepatic events (IRR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.21–3.18). Death did not differ between participants who received TDR and SDR (RR, 1.19; 95% CI, .71–1.99). One limitation is that only 2 included studies were blinded.

Conclusions
Regimens that used TDR were associated with an increase in SevAEs, raising concerns regarding safety of TDR regimens.
Educational needs of informal caregivers in cardiac rehabilitation: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Bomtempo Ana Paula Delgado , Ghisi Gabriela Lima de Melo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Aims
Informal caregivers play a crucial role in supporting individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD) during cardiac rehabilitation (CR), yet their specific educational needs are often overlooked. Understanding these needs is essential for developing targeted interventions that enhance informal caregiver support and improve patient outcomes in CR. This study aimed to explore the educational needs of informal caregivers supporting individuals with CVD attending CR.

Methods and results
A mixed-methods approach was used to explore the educational needs of informal caregivers. Quantitative data were collected through an online cross-sectional survey completed by 86 informal caregivers. The survey assessed sociodemographic characteristics, quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF), and educational needs. Most respondents had not received formal education or training related to caregiving, although their knowledge of CVD was rated as moderate to high. Many reported difficulties accessing reliable information and resources. Qualitative data were gathered through semi-structured interviews with 16 informal caregivers, and four key themes were determined: Helpful Resources, Empowerment, Lived Experience Network, and Psychological Support. Informal caregivers expressed a desire for practical resources, more direct access to healthcare professionals, and both emotional and peer support. They also highlighted the importance of managing stress and balancing their well-being alongside caregiving responsibilities.

Conclusion
The findings suggest that educational interventions for informal caregivers should be comprehensive and flexible, incorporating practical caregiving strategies as well as social and emotional support. Such programmes could enhance the effectiveness of CR by better equipping informal caregivers to support patient recovery while maintaining their own health.
New Opportunities, Rising Constraints: Assessing the Gendered Opportunity Structure of Myanmar’s Resistance Movement
Authors: Haines Rebecca 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In a global context of rising right-wing governance, feminist and gender equality actors are facing the reversal of hard-won gains and the deterioration of what they view to be the conditions for advancing gender equality. While these shifts are not failures of feminism, they do represent devastating setbacks that fundamentally challenge the strategies and tactics of gender equality movements. In response, gender equality actors are joining with a range of others in broad resistance coalitions, often with regime change goals. Although this is a common strategy of gender equality actors under similar political conditions, scholars do not typically analyze how joining with these broad coalitions impacts opportunities to work on gender equality. In other words, it is not common to examine within-movement opportunity structures and how gender equality actors are impacted by them. To contribute to addressing this gap, in this article I build on the concept of “gendered opportunity structure” to analyze the within-movement gender dynamics of Myanmar’s resistance movement and how gender equality actors are responding to them. My findings indicate that, while the current gendered opportunity structure of the movement provides some openings for the expanded participation of individual well-established gender equality actors and gender-diverse people, critical shifts in the within-movement opportunity structure have had the net effect of narrowing the objectives and strategies of gender equality actors. Via this case analysis, I propose that the concept “within-movement gendered opportunity structure” may be generative in helping scholars and practitioners better think about how gender equality actors are enabled and constrained by joining heterogeneous resistance movements. This concept, along with the suggested framework and model of analysis worked through in this article, could be adapted for analysis of other relevant cases. More consistent casework on the experiences of gender equality actors within broad-based resistance movements would help build knowledge about the conditions under which resistance movements of this kind may support gender equality outcomes.
A patient similarity-embedded Bayesian approach to prognostic biomarker inference with application to thoracic cancer immunity
Authors: Yu Duo , Huang Meilin , Kane Michael J , Hobbs Brian P 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper introduces a novel statistical methodology integrating machine learning (ML) and Bayesian modelling to facilitate personalized prognostic predictions with application to oncology. Utilizing power priors, we construct ‘patient-similarity embeddings’ that identify localized patterns of prognosis. The methodology is applied to study the prognostic value of markers of anticancer immunity within the tumour microenvironment of nonsmall cell lung cancer while adjusting for established clinical characteristics. The method outperforms traditional regression and ML models, while accurately identifying subgroup patterns, thereby enhancing statistical inference and hypothesis testing.
Smullyan’s truth and provability
Authors: Kurahashi Taishi , Tominaga Kohei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We revisit Smullyan’s paper ‘Truth and Provability’ (2013) for three purposes. First, we introduce the notion of Smullyan models to give a precise definition for Smullyan’s framework discussed in that paper. Second, we clarify the relationship between three theorems proved by Smullyan and other newly introduced properties for Smullyan models in terms of both implications and non-implications. Third, we construct two Smullyan models based on arithmetical ideas and show the correspondence between the properties of these Smullyan models and those concerning truth and provability in arithmetic.
TCR clonality and TCR clonal expansion in thein situmicroenvironment of non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Yu Hui , Magoulopoulou Anastasia , Amini Rose-Marie , Chatzinikolaou Maria Paraskevi , Horie Masafumi , Lindberg Amanda , Mezheyeuski Artur , Backman Max , Metousis Andreas , Brunström Hans , Zuniga Millaray Marincevic , Botling Johan , Mattsson Johanna Sofia Margareta , Kärre Klas , Leandersson Karin , Nilsson Mats , Strell Carina , Micke Patrick 
Published: January 2025

SummaryT-cell activation and clonal expansion are essential for the efficacy of immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Since the distribution of T-cell clones might provide insights into immunogenic mechanisms, we determined the α/β TCR clonality using RNA-sequencing from frozen tumor tissue of 182 NSCLC patients and paired the results with extensivein situimage and sequence analyses of the immune microenvironment of NSCLC. TCR clonality (Gini index) patterns ranged from high T-cell clone diversity with high evenness (Gini index low) to clonal dominance with low evenness (Gini index high). TCR clonality in cancer tissue was lower than in matched normal lung (p=0.021). High Gini index correlated strongly with distinct mutations (EGFR, P53), tumor mutation burden (p<0.001), and inflamed tumor phenotypes (PRF1, GZMA, GZMB, INFG) with exhaustion signatures (LAG3, TIGIT, IDO1, PD-1, PD-L1). Correspondingly, PD-1+, CD3+, CD8A+, CD163+, and CD138+ immune cells infiltrated cancer tissue with high TCR clonality.In situsequencing revealed that dominant T-cell clones were more often of CD8-subtype and tended to approximate the tumor cell compartment (p<0.03). In a checkpoint inhibitor-treated NSCLC patient cohort, high TCR clonality was associated with therapy response (p=0.016) and prolonged survival (p=0.003, median survival 13.8 vs 2.9 months).Our robust analysis pipeline revealed diverse TCR repertoires related to genotypes and immune phenotypes. Thein situpositioning of expanded T-cell clones indicated functional impact, which was clinically confirmed in NSCLC patients receiving immunotherapy.One sentence summaryT-cell clone expansion in NSCLC is associated with genetic mutations, immune phenotypes, immunotherapy response, and patient survival.