bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Ibu Hamil Dalam Melakukan Imunisasi Tetanus Toxoid
Authors: Astuti Desti Widya 
Published: July 2022

Imunisasi Tetanus Toxoid (TT) adalah toksin kuman tetanus yang telah dimurnikan yang di berikan pada bayi, anak dan ibu sebagai usaha memberikan perlindungan terhadap penyakit tetanus Imunisasi Tetanus Toxoid ini juga diberikan pada ibu hamil dan wanita yang akan menikah (calon pengantin). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan ibu hamil dalam melakukan imunisasi tetanus toxoid di puskesmas pasar kota prabumulih tahun 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan Survey Analitik dengan menggunakan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah ibu hamil yang melakukan imunisasi tetanus toxoid Sampel penelitian ini adalah 252 responden. Pada analisa univariat diketahui bahwa dari 252 responden didapatkan bahwa responden yang usia risiko tinggi sebanyak 141 responden (56,0%) dan responden yang usia risiko rendah sebanyak 111 responden (44,0%), responden yang paritas risiko tinggi sebanyak 129 responden (51,2%) dan responden yang paritas rendah sebanyak 123 responden (48,8%) dan responden pendidikan tinggi sebanyak 136 responden (51,2%) dan responden pendidikan rendah sebanyak 116 responden (46,0%). Hasil analisa Bivariat menunjukan usia ibu mempunyai hubungan yang bermakna dengan imunisasi tetanus toxoid (p value 0,000), paritas ibu mempunyai hubungan yang bermakna dengan imunisasi tetanus toxoid (p value 0,000), dan pendidikan ibu mempunyai hubungan yang bermakna dengan imunisasi tetanus toxoid (p value 0,000). Imunisasi tetanus toxoid proses untuk membangun kekebalan sebagai upaya pencegahan infeksi tetanus pada bayi baru lahir. Tetapi perlu dilakukan pendalaman yang lebih lanjut terkait cakupan imunisasi tetanus toxoid selama masa kehamilan dengan variable-variabel lainnya dalam waktu dan durasi dan teknik pengukuran yang berbeda.
High Maternal Total Cholesterol Is Associated With No-Catch-up Growth in Full-Term SGA Infants: The Japan Environment and Children’s Study
Authors: Kaneko Kayo , Ito Yuki , Ebara Takeshi , Kato Sayaka , Matsuki Taro , Tamada Hazuki , Sato Hirotaka , Saitoh Shinji , Sugiura-Ogasawara Mayumi , Yatsuya Hiroshi , Kamijima Michihiro ,   The Japan Environment Children’s Study Group
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesInfants born small for gestational age (SGA) with no catch-up growth (No-CU) are at high risk of intellectual and developmental disabilities. However, factors leading to No-CU among SGA infants are unclear. This study aimed to examine the association between maternal total cholesterol (TC) in mid-pregnancy and No-CU at 3 years among full-term SGA infants.Study DesignThe Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS) is a nationwide prospective birth cohort study. We extracted a total of 2,222 mothers and full-term SGA infants (length and/or weight &lt;‐2 standard deviation [SD]) without congenital abnormalities from the original JECS cohort comprising a total of 104,062 fetal records. According to the distribution of maternal TC in the entire cohort, participants were classified into nine groups per each fifth percentile with the 20th–79th percentiles (204–260 mg/dl) as the reference group. No-CU was defined by a Z-score of height at 3 years &lt;‐2 SD according to the growth standard charts for Japanese children. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models were carried out using multiple imputations. Additionally, a multiple-adjusted restricted cubic spline model was performed in the complete dataset.ResultsA total of 362 (16.3%) children were No-CU at 3 years. After adjusting for the Z-score of birth weight, age of mother, smoking status, weight gain during pregnancy, breastfeeding and meal frequency at 2 years, and parents’ heights, the odds ratio (95% confidence intervals) of No-CU was 2.95 (1.28–6.80) for children whose maternal TC levels were in the highest category (≥294 mg/dl), compared to the reference group. A multiple-adjusted restricted cubic spline model showed a non-linear trend of the significant association between high maternal TC and No-CU (p for linear trend = 0.05, p for quadratic trend &lt;0.05).ConclusionHigh maternal TC at mid-pregnancy was associated with No-CU among SGA infants. Such infants should be carefully followed up to introduce appropriate growth hormonal treatment. The findings may support previous animal experimental studies which indicated that maternal high-fat diet exposure induces impairment of growth and skeletal muscle development in the offspring. Future studies are required to elucidate the detailed mechanism.
Identification and Validation of an m6A Modification of JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway–Related Prognostic Prediction Model in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Jiang Fei , Chen Xiaowei , Shen Yan , Shen Xiaobing 
Published: July 2022

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the malignant tumors worldwide. Janus (JAK)–signal transduction and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway is involved in cellular biological process and immune function. However, the association between them is still not systematically described. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to identify key genes involved in JAK-STAT signaling pathway and GC, as well as the potential mechanism.Methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was the source of RNA-sequencing data of GC patients. Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was used as the validation set. The predictive value of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway-related prognostic prediction model was examined using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO); survival, univariate, and multivariate Cox regression analyses; and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analyses to examine the predictive value of the model. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and chi-square test were used to verify the expression of genes in the model and assess the association between the genes and clinicopathological parameters of GC patients, respectively. Then, Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), gene set enrichment analysis, version 3.0 (GSEA), sequence-based RNA adenosine methylation site predictor (SRAMP) online websites, and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) experiments were used to predict the model-related potential pathways, m6A modifications, and the association between model genes and m6A.Results: A four-gene prognostic model (GHR, PIM1, IFNA8, and IFNB1) was constructed, namely, riskScore. The Kaplan–Meier curves suggested that patients with high riskScore expression had a poorer prognosis than those with low riskScore expression (p = 0.006). Multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that the model could be an independent predictor (p &lt; 0.001; HR = 3.342, 95%, CI = 1.834–6.088). The 5-year area under time-dependent ROC curve (AUC) reached 0.655. The training test set verified these results. Further analyses unveiled an enrichment of cancer-related pathways, m6A modifications, and the direct interaction between m6A and the four genes.Conclusion: This four-gene prognostic model could be applied to predict the prognosis of GC patients and might be a promising therapeutic target in GC.
Identifying potential prognosis markers in hepatocellular carcinoma via integrated bioinformatics analysis and biological experiments
Authors: Hu Xueting , Zhou Jian , Zhang Yan , Zeng Yindi , Jie Guitao , Wang Sheng , Yang Aixiang , Zhang Menghui 
Published: July 2022

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma is one kind of clinical common malignant tumor with a poor prognosis, and its pathogenesis remains to be clarified urgently. This study was performed to elucidate key genes involving HCC by bioinformatics analysis and experimental evaluation.Methods: We identified common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) based on gene expression profile data of GSE60502 and GSE84402 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, REACTOME pathway enrichment analysis, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were used to analyze functions of these genes. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using Cytoscape software based on the STRING database, and Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) was used to pick out two significant modules. Hub genes, screened by the CytoHubba plug-in, were validated by Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) and the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database. Then, the correlation between hub genes expression and immune cell infiltration was evaluated by Tumor IMmune Estimation Resource (TIMER) database, and the prognostic values were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier plotter. Finally, biological experiments were performed to illustrate the functions of RRM2.Results: Through integrated bioinformatics analysis, we found that the upregulated DEGs were related to cell cycle and cell division, while the downregulated DEGs were associated with various metabolic processes and complement cascade. RRM2, MAD2L1, MELK, NCAPG, and ASPM, selected as hub genes, were all correlated with poor overall prognosis in HCC. The novel RRM2 inhibitor osalmid had anti-tumor activity, including inhibiting proliferation and migration, promoting cell apoptosis, blocking cell cycle, and inducing DNA damage of HCC cells.Conclusion: The critical pathways and hub genes in HCC progression were screened out, and targeting RRM2 contributed to developing new therapeutic strategies for HCC.
Screening and Characterization of Potential Antioxidant Probiotics Isolated from the Gut of Hybrid Grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂)
Authors: Zhang Qian , Cai Yan , Chen Zihan , Shi Huizhong , Zhou Yongcan , Yang Yang , Tu Rui , Chen Guisen , Wang Shifeng 
Published: July 2022

Some symbiotic probiotics have antioxidant activities and could improve the antioxidant capacity of the host. There is still no report on the screening of host-derived antioxidant probiotics for grouper farming. In this study, 369 out of 583 isolates were screened from the gut of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus♂) based on their non-hemolytic characteristics. Subsequent preliminary screening with 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging rate assay resulted in 36 potential antioxidant isolates. After comprehensive evaluation with nine different antioxidant assays (DPPH scavenging rate, 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbezothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid radical scavenging rate, iron ion reducing ability, reducing activity, O2-· scavenging rate,·OH scavenging rate, ferrous ion chelating rate, hydrogen peroxide tolerance, oxygen-free radical scavenging ability, et al.), 10 isolates with strong antioxidant abilities were screened from 36 potential antioxidant isolates. Then some other probiotic properties, such as simulated gastrointestinal fluid tolerance, adhesion, digestive enzyme activity, and antibacterial activity of the 10 selected isolates were evaluated. All 10 isolates were also identified using the molecular method. Finally, Vibrio rhodolitus GO 91 and Shewanella corallii GO 310, as representatives of the two genera resulting from the identification of the 10 isolates, and with the best overall probiotic properties, were selected from the 10 isolates. Isolates GO 91 and GO 310 were further tested for their safety performances. Antibiotic sensitivity tests showed that GO91 and GO310 were sensitive to many commonly used aquaculture antibiotics. The in vivo challenge test of GO 91 and GO 310 didn’t cause any disease symptoms or death in hybrid grouper. Therefore, isolates GO 91 and GO 310 showed great potential to be used as probiotics in hybrid grouper farming.
Exercise Intervention Modulates Synaptic Plasticity by Inhibiting Excessive Microglial Activation via Exosomes
Authors: Li Chen , Hu Jiayi , Liu Wenhong , Ke Changkai , Huang Chuan , Bai Yifan , Pan Bingchen , Wang Junyi , Wan Chunxiao 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundExosomes can activate microglia to modulate neural activity and synaptic plasticity by phagocytosis of neural spines or synapses. Our previous research found that an early 4-week exercise intervention in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rats can promote the release of exosomes and protect the brain. This study intended to further explore the intrinsic mechanism of neuroprotection by exosome release after exercise.MethodsRats were randomly divided into four groups: the sham operation (SHAM), middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) with sedentary intervention (SED-MCAO), MCAO with exercise intervention (EX-MCAO), and MCAO with exercise intervention and exosome injection (EX-MCAO-EXO). Modified neurological severity score (mNSS), cerebral infarction volume ratio, microglial activation, dendritic complexity, and expression of synaptophysin (Syn) and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) were detected after 28 days of intervention.Results(1) The exercise improved body weight and mNSS score, and the survival state of the rats after exosome infusion was better. (2) Compared with the SED-MCAO group, the EX-MCAO (P = 0.039) and EX-MCAO-EXO groups (P = 0.002) had significantly lower cerebral infarct volume ratios (P &lt; 0.05), among which the EX-MCAO-EXO group had the lowest (P = 0.031). (3) Compared with the SED-MCAO group, the EX-MCAO and EX-MCAO-EXO groups had a significantly decreased number of microglia (P &lt; 0.001) and significantly increased process length/cell (P &lt; 0.01) and end point/cell (P &lt; 0.01) values, with the EX-MCAO-EXO group having the lowest number of microglia (P = 0.036) and most significantly increased end point/cell value (P = 0.027). (4) Compared with the SED-MCAO group, the total number of intersections and branches of the apical and basal dendrites in the EX-MCAO and EX-MCAO-EXO groups was increased significantly (P &lt; 0.05), and the increase was more significant in the EX-MCAO-EXO group (P &lt; 0.05). (5) The expression levels of Syn and PSD-95 in the EX-MCAO (PSyn = 0.043, PPSD−95 = 0.047) and EX-MCAO-EXO groups were significantly higher than those in the SED-MCAO group (P &lt; 0.05), and the expression levels in the EX-MCAO-EXO group were significantly higher than those in the EX-MCAO group (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionEarly exercise intervention after stroke can inhibit the excessive activation of microglia and regulate synaptic plasticity by exosome release.
Evidence of Two Novel LAMA2 Variants in a Patient With Muscular Dystrophy: Facing the Challenges of a Certain Diagnosis
Authors: Meyer Stefanie , Kaulfuß Silke , Zechel Sabrina , Kummer Karsten , Seif Amir Hosseini Ali , Ernst Marielle Sophie , Schmidt Jens , Pauli Silke , Zschüntzsch Jana 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundBenefits and challenges resulting from advances in genetic diagnostics are two sides of the same coin. Facilitation of a correct and timely diagnosis is paralleled by challenges in interpretation of variants of unknown significance (VUS). Focusing on an individual VUS-re-classification pipeline, this study offers a diagnostic approach for clinically suspected hereditary muscular dystrophy by combining the expertise of an interdisciplinary team.MethodsIn a multi-step approach, a thorough phenotype assessment including clinical examination, laboratory work, muscle MRI and histopathological evaluation of muscle was performed in combination with advanced Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). Different in-silico tools and prediction programs like Alamut, SIFT, Polyphen, MutationTaster and M-Cap as well as 3D- modeling of protein structure and RNA-sequencing were employed to determine clinical significance of the LAMA2 variants.ResultsTwo previously unknown sequence alterations in LAMA2 were detected, a missense variant was classified initially according to ACMG guidelines as a VUS (class 3) whereas a second splice site variant was deemed as likely pathogenic (class 4). Pathogenicity of the splice site variant was confirmed by mRNA sequencing and nonsense mediated decay (NMD) was detected. Combination of the detected variants could be associated to the LGMDR23-phenotype based on the MRI matching and literature research.DiscussionTwo novel variants in LAMA2 associated with LGMDR23-phenotype are described. This study illustrates challenges of the genetic findings due to their VUS classification and elucidates how individualized diagnostic procedure has contributed to the accurate diagnosis in the spectrum of LGMD.
Association Between Pre-operative BUN and Post-operative 30-Day Mortality in Patients Undergoing Craniotomy for Tumors: Data From the ACS NSQIP Database
Authors: Liu Yufei , Hu Haofei , Li Zongyang , Han Yong , Chen Fanfan , Zhang Mali , Li Weiping , Huang Guodong , Zhang Liwei 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveThere is limited evidence to clarify the specific relationship between pre-operative blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and post-operative 30-day mortality in patients undergoing craniotomy for tumors. Therefore, we aimed to investigate this relationship in detail.MethodsElectronic medical records of 18,642 patients undergoing craniotomy for tumors in the ACS NSQIP from 2012 to 2015 were subjected to secondary retrospective analysis. The principal exposure was pre-operative BUN. Outcome measures were post-operative 30-day mortality. We used binary logistic regression modeling to evaluate the association between them and conducted a generalized additive model and smooth curve fitting (penalized spline method) to explore the potential relationship and its explicit curve shape. We also conducted sensitivity analyses to ensure the robustness of the results and performed subgroup analyses.ResultsA total of 16,876 patients were included in this analysis. Of these, 47.48% of patients were men. The post-operative 30-day mortality of the included cases was 2.49% (420/16,876), and the mean BUN was 16.874 ± 6.648 mg/dl. After adjusting covariates, the results showed that pre-operative BUN was positively associated with post-operative 30-day mortality (OR = 1.020, 95% CI: 1.004, 1.036). There was also a non-linear relationship between BUN and post-operative 30-day mortality, and the inflection point of the BUN was 9.804. For patients with BUN &lt; 9.804 mg/dl, a 1 unit decrease in BUN was related to a 16.8% increase in the risk of post-operative 30-day mortality (OR = 0.832, 95% CI: 0.737, 0.941); for patients with BUN &gt; 9.804 mg/dl, a 1 unit increase in BUN was related to a 2.8% increase in the risk of post-operative 30-day mortality (OR = 1.028, 95% CI: 1.011, 1.045). The sensitivity analysis proved that the results were robust. The subgroup analysis revealed that all listed subgroups did not affect the relationship between pre-operative BUN and post-operative 30-day mortality (P &gt; 0.05).ConclusionOur study demonstrated that pre-operative BUN (mg/dl) has specific linear and non-linear relationships with post-operative 30-day mortality in patients over 18 years of age who underwent craniotomy for tumors. Proper pre-operative management of BUN and maintenance of BUN near the inflection point (9.804 mg/dl) could reduce the risk of post-operative 30-day mortality in these cases.
The cerebrospinal fluid proteome of preterm infants predicts neurodevelopmental outcome
Authors: Leifsdottir Kristin , Jost Kerstin , Siljehav Veronica , Thelin Eric P. , Lassarén Philipp , Nilsson Peter , Haraldsson Ásgeir , Eksborg Staffan , Herlenius Eric 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundSurvival rate increases for preterm infants, but long-term neurodevelopmental outcome predictors are lacking. Our primary aim was to determine whether a specific proteomic profile in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of preterm infants differs from that of term infants and to identify novel biomarkers of neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm infants.MethodsTwenty-seven preterm infants with median gestational age 27 w + 4 d and ten full-term infants were enrolled prospectively. Protein profiling of CSF were performed utilizing an antibody suspension bead array. The relative levels of 178 unique brain derived proteins and inflammatory mediators, selected from the Human Protein Atlas, were measured.ResultsThe CSF protein profile of preterm infants differed from that of term infants. Increased levels of brain specific proteins that are associated with neurodevelopment and neuroinflammatory pathways made up a distinct protein profile in the preterm infants. The most significant differences were seen in proteins involved in neurodevelopmental regulation and synaptic plasticity, as well as components of the innate immune system. Several proteins correlated with favorable outcome in preterm infants at 18–24 months corrected age. Among the proteins that provided strong predictors of outcome were vascular endothelial growth factor C, Neurocan core protein and seizure protein 6, all highly important in normal brain development.ConclusionOur data suggest a vulnerability of the preterm brain to postnatal events and that alterations in protein levels may contribute to unfavorable neurodevelopmental outcome.
COVID-19 vaccine uptake and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Debre Tabor public health institutions: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Chekol Abebe Endeshaw , Ayalew Tiruneh Gebrehiwot , Asmare Adela Getachew , Mengie Ayele Teklie , Tilahun Muche Zelalem , Behaile T/Mariam Awgichew , Tilahun Mulu Anemut , Abebe Zewde Edgeit , Dagnaw Baye Nega , Asmamaw Dejenie Tadesse 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundVaccination is the best means of reducing the increased risk of severe COVID-19 during pregnancy. Data on COVID-19 vaccine uptake among pregnant women in Ethiopia is scarce. Thus, this study aimed to assess COVID-19 vaccine uptake and associated factors among pregnant women.MethodAn institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 634 pregnant women attending antenatal care in Debre Tabor public health institutions from March 14 to 30, 2022. Participants were recruited using a multistage sampling technique and data were collected via face-to-face interviews using a pre-tested structured questionnaire. Stata version 16.0 software was used for data analysis. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to assess factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake, with a p-value&lt; 0.05 considered statistically significant.ResultOnly 14.4% (95% CI: 11.7%-17.3%) of participants had received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccines. The main reasons for declining vaccination were fear that the COVID-19 vaccine may have harmful side effects on the fetus or the mother. Being 45 or older (AOR: 1.75, 95%CI: 1.01–2.95), being married (AOR: 1.26, 95%CI: 1.12, 2.96), having good knowledge (AOR:3.52, 95%CI:1.83–3.87), and a positive attitude (AOR:4.81, 95% CI: 1.42–7.33) were positive predictors of COVID-19 vaccine uptake. But attaining a college or university education (AOR: 0.43, 95%CI: 0.12–0.69) was found to be a barrier to vaccine uptake by pregnant women.ConclusionCOVID-19 vaccination among pregnant women was substantially low. Old age, being married, low education, good knowledge, and a positive attitude were significant predictors of COVID-19 vaccine uptake. To enhance the COVID-19 vaccine uptake, the government should improve the knowledge and attitude of pregnant women toward the COVID-19 vaccine.