bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organization of reward and movement signals in the basal ganglia and cerebellum
Authors: Larry Noga , Zur Gil , Joshua Mati 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The basal ganglia and the cerebellum are major subcortical structures in the motor system. The basal ganglia have been cast as the reward center of the motor system, whereas the cerebellum has been hypothesized to be involved in adjusting sensorimotor parameters. Recent findings of reward signals in the cerebellum have challenged this dichotomous view. To directly compare the basal ganglia and the cerebellum we recorded from oculomotor regions in both structures from the same monkeys. We partitioned the trial-by-trial variability of the neurons into reward and eye-movement signals to compare the coding within and across structures. Reward expectation and movement signals were the most pronounced in the output structure of the basal ganglia, intermediate in the cerebellum, and the smallest in the input structure of the basal ganglia. These results indicate different information convergence properties within these structures and demonstrate differences in internal computations.
Effect of interscalene brachial plexus block with dexmedetomidine and ropivacaine on postoperative analgesia in patient undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: luan hengfei , Hao Conghui , Li Han , Zhang Xiaobao , Zhao Zhibin , Zhu Pin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Dexmedetomidine, a potent and highly selective α2-adrenoreceptor agonist has become a popular adjuvant to local anesthetics. The study was designed to explore the effect of dexmedetomidine added to ropivacaine for interscalene brachial plexus block (IBPB) on postoperative analgesia in patient undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery.
Methods
Forty four adult patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery were randomly divided into 2 groups. Group R received 0.25% ropivacaine alone, whereas group RD received 0.25% ropivacaine and 0.5 µg/kg dexmedetomidine. A total volume of 15 ml was administered in ultrasound-guided IBPB in both groups. Duration of analgesia, Visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score, frequency of PCA pressed, first time of PCA pressed, sufentanil consumption, and patient satisfaction with analgesia quality were recorded.
Results
Compared with group R, duration of analgesia was prolonged (8.25±1.76 vs. 11.55±2.41 h; P < 0.05), VAS pain scores was decreased at 8 and 10 h postoperatively (3(2–3) vs. 0(0–0) and 2(2–3) vs. 0(0-2.25), respectively; P < 0.05), the frequency of PCA pressed was decreased at 4–8 and 8–12 h time intervals (0(0-0.25) vs. 0(0–0) and 5(1.75-6) vs. 0(0–2), respectively; P < 0.05), the time of first PCA pressed was prolonged (9.27±1.85 vs. 12.98±2.35 h; P < 0.05), the total 24h sufentanil consumption was reduced (108.72±15.92 vs. 94.65±12.47 µg; P < 0.05 ) and patient satisfaction score was also improved (3(3–4) vs. 4(4–5); P < 0.05) in group RD.
Conclusion
We conclude that adding 0.5 µg/kg dexmedetomidine to 0.25% ropivacaine for IBPB provided better postoperative analgesia, decreased the sufentanil consumption and improved the patient’s satisfaction in patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery.
Deep Learning-based Network Pharmacology for Exploring the Mechanism of Licorice for the Treatment of COVID-19
Authors: Fu Yu , Fang Yangyue , Gong Shuai , Xue Tao , Wang Peng , She Li , Huang Jianping 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Licorice, a traditional Chinese medicine, has been widely used for the treatment of COVID-19, but all active compounds and the corresponding targets are still not clear. Therefore, this study proposed a deep learning-based network pharmacology approach to identify more potential active compounds and targets of licorice and to collect information regarding different representative compounds. A graph convolutional neural network was used to construct a molecular map and a convolutional neural network was used to develop a Morgan fingerprint. Twenty core compounds and 6 core targets were predicted, among which 4 compounds (quercetin, naringenin, liquiritigenin, and licoisoflavanone), 2 targets (SYK and JAK2) and the relevant pathways (P53, cAMP, and NF-kB) were associated with SARS-CoV-2-infection, which were confirmed by previous studies. In addition, 2 new active compounds (glabrone and vestitol) and 2 new targets (PTEN and MAP3K8) were further validated by molecular docking, and the results showed that these active compounds bound to SARS-CoV-2 related targets, including the main protease (Mpro, also called 3CLpro), the spike protein (S protein), and the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Overall, we conclude that the findings of this study has the value of further exploration in the following experiment and clinical application.
Local implementation of health public policies revealed by the Covid-19 crisis: the French case
Authors: Mériade Laurent , Rochette Corinne , Cassière François 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background

Improving health system performance depends on the quality of health policy implementation at the local level. However, in general, the attention of researchers is mainly directed towards issues of health policy design and evaluation rather than implementation at the local level. The management of the Covid-19 crisis, especially in Europe, has particularly highlighted the complexity of implementing health policies, decided at the national or supranational level, at the local level.

Methods

We conducted 23 semi-structured interviews with the main stakeholders in the management of the Covid-19 crisis in the second largest French region in order to understand how this crisis has challenged the implementation of health policy and the arrangements found by the actors. Our methodology is complemented by a content analysis of the main guidelines and decisions related to this implementation.

Results

The analysis of these data allows us to identify three levels of implementation of health policies at the local level (administrative, organizational and operational). Interviews also reveal the existence of different types of coordination specific to each of these levels of local implementation of health policies. These results then make it possible to identify important managerial avenues for promoting global coordination of these three levels of implementation.

Conclusions

Although research on health services emphasizes the existence of several levels of local implementation of health policies, it offers little in the way of definition or characterization of these levels. The identification in this study of the three levels of local implementation of health policies and their specific forms of coordination contribute to a more precise characterization of this implementation in order to promote, in practice, its global coordination.
Preparation of Self-assembled Starch-based Organometallic Polymers and Their Efficient Adsorption of Mercury Ion in Water
Authors: Geng Chao , Yang PeiLin , Lin Ruikang , Guo Li , Yuan Chao , Cui Bo , fang yishan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Herein, a newly-developed material called Thiourea@WOx/Starch Polymer (TH@WOx/SP) were prepared by one-pot and high yield solvothermal method. The relevant characterizations and adsorption performance were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Zeta potential analysis and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Surprisingly, with its abundant active sites, the TH@WOx/SP revealed its excellent adsorption capacity for heavy metal and organics dye, as high as 2201.16 mg/g for Hg (Ⅱ) and 175.01 mg/g for methylene blue (MB), finished within 30 min and 90 min, respectively. These satisfactorily fast and high adsorption capacities not only came down to its concave-convex structure, but also to its enriched functional groups serving as anchor sites for Hg (Ⅱ) and MB. The adsorption mechanism of Hg (Ⅱ) and MB on TH@WOx/SP was carefully evaluated, which could be attributed to covalent coordination, ion exchange, π-π interaction, hydrogen bonds and electrostatic attraction. This work designed a new strategy to develop a novel porous metal organic polymers adsorbents and demonstrated its prospective application in the field of adsorption.
Histological Effects of Yuja (Citrus junos Sieb ex Tanaka) Pomace Extract Fermented with Lactic Acid Bacteria on the Liver Tissue of Rats
Authors: Chu Han Na , Kim Haeng-Ran , Jang Kyeong-A , Kim Jeong-Sang , Hwang Yu-Jin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This study investigated the anti-obesity effects of yuja pomace extract fermented with lactic acid bacteria in rats with high-fat diet-induced obesity over a period of eight weeks. Epididymal fat cell size was significantly smaller, by about 33%, in the treatment groups given yuja pomace extract fermented with lactic acid bacteria compared to the CON group. Electron microscopic observation of hepatocyte microstructure showed that the number of lipid droplets was lower in hepatocytes, the number of mitochondria was higher, along with distinct cristae, and the rough endoplasmic reticula were well developed with stacks of cisternae and ribosomes. Thus, it is believed that yuja pomace extract fermented with lactic acid bacteria, by influencing body weight and lipid accumulation, is effective in the prevention and treatment of obesity.
Study and Synthesis of the Propagation of Ultrashort Laser Pulses in Medias: Fused Silica, Photonic Crystal Fiber, Air Silica and Hollow Core
Authors: Khelladi Mounir 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Ultrashort lasers pulses have a pulse width in the pico or femtosecond range. Ultra-short pulse is a promising technology for achieving ultra-high data rate transmission which is required to follow the increased demand of data transport over an optical communication system. Therefore, the propagation of such type of pulses and the effects that it may suffer during its transmission through an optical waveguide have received a great deal of attention in the recent years. Our goal in this paper is to study the propagation characteristics of that pulse in a nonlinear medium. In analyzing these characteristics, the nonlinear effects along with the dispersion are taking into account. Additionally, the considered nonlinear effects include self phase modulation (SPM), sel steepening (SS), cross phase modulation (XPM) and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS).
Effect of Two Vitamin D Repletion Protocols on 24-hour Urine Calcium in Patients with Recurrent Calcium Kidney Stones and Vitamin D Deficiency: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Masihi Lilit Sardari , Borumandnia Nasrin , Taheri Maryam , Basiri Abbas , Imani Hossein , Jalali Saba , Tavasoli Sanaz 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objectives
The effect of two treatment protocols on serum levels of vitamin D and 24-hour urine calcium in patients with calcium urolithiasis and vitamin D deficiency
Design, Setting, Participants
A parallel-group randomized controlled clinical trial on patients who referred to Labbafinejad stone prevention clinic, Tehran, Iran. From 88 recurrent calcium kidney stone formers, 62 patients completed the study. The age of study participants were 18 to 70 years old and, had serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level 10–20 ng/ml.
Intervention
Study participants received 2000 IU vitamin D daily for 12 weeks or 50000 IU vitamin D weekly for eight weeks.
Main outcome measures
Study variables including 24-hour urine calcium, supersaturations of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathormone were measured at the beginning and after 12 weeks.
Results
The 24-hour urine calcium significantly increased in both groups (B = 69.70, p < 0.001), with no significant difference between treatments. Both groups showed no significant change in the supersaturation levels of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D increased significantly (B = 12.53, p < 0.001), with more increase in the 50,000 IU group (B = 3.46, p = 0.003). Serum parathormone decreased in both groups (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
Although both treatment protocols increased 24-hour urine calcium, they did not increase the supersaturation state of calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate.
Trial registration
IRCT20160206026406N4, 13/08/2019
Research on the Impact of Financial Agglomeration on the Coordinated Development of Urban Ecological Green: Based on the Empirical Comparison of Four Metropolitan Areas in the Yangtze River Delta of China
Authors: Wu Fuqiang , Chen Yujia , Yang Xiaoli 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Based on the panel data of a total of 25 prefecture-level cities in the four major metropolitan areas in China’s Yangtze River Delta region from 2003 to 2019, the Dubin model of three types of spatial weight matrix is used to compare and explore the impact effect and mechanism of financial agglomeration on the coordinated development of ecological green. The results show that, first, the positive local and neighborhood effects of financial agglomeration on the coordinated development of ecological green are mainly reflected in the Hefei, Hangzhou and Shanghai metropolitan areas, and the intensity of the effect decreases sequentially. Information transfer and technology correlation are important mechanisms to improve the local effect of financial agglomeration, and the neighborhood effect varies from metropolitan area to a metropolitan area. Second, in addition to the adverse impact of the concentration of financial personnel on the integration of ecological green, the agglomeration of securities, banking and insurance industries can release the "green driving potential energy", and the intensity of contribution gradually weakens. Third, the radiation effect of Shanghai's financial agglomeration is the strongest, Nanjing has a "U" shaped impact, Hangzhou has an inverted "U" shaped impact, and Hefei does not play a role.
Acute Abdomen Due to Choriocarcinoma: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Rajabally Fatimah , Alkhaldi Rama , Elnakoury Farah , Matwiejczuk Julia , Alabdulrahman Mohammad , O'Connor Michael , Rajabally Zahir , Bolaky Farah , Elnakoury Ehab 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction:
Choriocarcinoma is a fast-growing, malignant, and rare gestational trophoblastic tumour. Although the prognosis of this tumour is very good, serious complications such as preeclampsia and haemorrhagic shock can occur.
Case Presentation:
A 31-year-old female patient, who was diagnosed with choriocarcinoma, returned to the hospital with severe abdominal pain a few days after her first cycle of chemotherapy treatment. Upon further examination, the presence of free fluid in her abdomen and high β-hCG levels were identified. Consequently, an emergency laparotomy was performed discovering that the uterine tumour, which was adherent to the right colon and appendix, had ruptured. A total hysterectomy and right oophorectomy were performed, and the patient is now doing well.
Conclusions:
This case elucidates the need for improved diagnostic methods and classification systems along with swift management of gestational trophoblastic diseases.
The Smooth Away From Expected (SAFE) non-inferiority frontier: theory and implementation with an application to the D3 trial
Authors: Quartagno Matteo , Chan Man , Turkova Anna , Ford Deborah , White Ian R 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background. In a non-inferiority trial, the choice of margin depends on the expected control event risk. If the true risk differs from expected, power and interpretability of results can be affected. A non-inferiority frontier pre-specifies an appropriate non-inferiority margin for each value of control event risk. D3 is a non-inferiority trial comparing two treatment regimens in children living with HIV, designed assuming a control event risk of 12%, a non-inferiority margin of 10%, 80% power, significance level (α) 0.025. We consider approaches to choosing and implementing a frontier for this already funded trial, where changing the sample size substantially would be difficult. Methods. In D3 we fix the non-inferiority margin at 10%, 8% and 5% for control event risks of ≥ 9%, 5% and 1% respectively. We propose four frontiers which fit these fixed points, including a Smooth Away From Expected (SAFE) frontier. Analysis approaches considered are: using the pre-specified significance level (α = 0.025); always using a reduced significance level (to achieve α ≤ 0.025 across control event risks); reducing significance levels only when the control event risk differs significantly from expected (control event risk < 9%); and using a Likelihood Ratio Test. We compare power and type 1 error for SAFE with other frontiers. Results. Changing the significance level only when the control event risk is < 9% achieves approximately nominal type I error rate and maintains reasonable power for control event risks between 1%-15%. The Likelihood Ratio Test method performs similarly, but results are more complex to present. Other analysis methods lead to either inflated type 1 error or badly reduced power. The SAFE frontier gives more interpretable results than other frontiers with low control event risks. Other frontiers do not achieve power close to SAFE while controlling type I error. Conclusions. The SAFE non-inferiority frontier will be used in D3, and the non-inferiority margin and significance level will be modified if the control event risk is lower than expected. This ensures results will remain interpretable if design assumptions are incorrect, while achieving similar power. A similar approach could be considered for other non-inferiority trials where the control event risk is uncertain.
Moftransformer: a Multi-modal Pre-training Transformer for Universal Transfer Learning in Metal-organic Frameworks
Authors: Kang Yeonghun , Park Hyunsoo , Smit Berend , Kim Jihan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this work, we introduce MOFTransformer, a multi-model Transformer encoder pre-trained with 1 million hypothetical MOFs. The multi-modal model uses an integrated atom-based graph and energy-grid embeddings to capture both the local and global features of the MOFs, respectively. By fine-tuning the pre-trained model with small datasets (from 5,000 to 20,000), our model outperforms all other machine learning models across various properties that include gas adsorption, diffusion, electronic properties, and even text mined data. Beyond its universal transfer learning capabilities, MOFTransformer generates chemical insight by analyzing feature importance from attention scores within the self-attention layers. As such, this model can serve as a bedrock platform for other MOF researchers that seek to develop new machine learning models for their work.
Evaluation of the ventilation and pollutant exposure risk level inside 3D street canyon with void deck under different wind directions
Authors: Sin Chung Hyok , Jon Kwang Song , Un Gyong Ho , Thae Yong Il , Kim Hun , Tokgo Jun , Ri Hyon Mu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
With continuous global warming, growing urban population density and increasing compactness of urban buildings, VD (void deck) street design has become increasingly popular in city planning, especially in tropical countries. However, understanding on traffic pollutant dispersion in the VD street canyons is still at early stage. This paper quantitatively evaluates the effects of VD location and wind direction on the ventilation and traffic pollutant exposure inside the street canyon with VDs. The results show that the VD location and wind direction have significant effects on the flow field and pollutant dispersion inside the canyon. When VDs are located at the upwind building, downwind building, and both buildings, the wind directions with maximum ACH (air exchange rate) are 60°, 30° and 60°, respectively. Under seven wind directions (0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, and 90°), the VD provides higher ACH than that of the regular canyon, especially at high α (angle between the approaching wind and the canyon axis). When α = 90°, regular canyon has the lowest ventilation capacity, but ACH values of canyons with both VDs or the leeward VD are 189.1% and 177.6% of regular canyon, respectively. Also, mean K (dimensionless pollutant concentration) values of the canyon wall and pedestrian respiration plane on one side where VD is located are significantly reduced compared to the regular canyon. Therefore, when VDs are at both buildings, both pedestrian respiration planes and walls have the lowest K values, thus providing the best living environment for pedestrians and near-road residents. As α increases, the K values on both respiration planes significantly decrease except for the leeward respiration plane of the canyon with the windward VD. These findings can help to design urban street canyons for mitigating traffic pollution risk and improving ventilation in tropical cities with frequently changing wind directions.
Comparative phylogeography of a bathymetrically segregated pair of sister taxa of rockfishes (genus Sebastes): black rockfish, Sebastes melanops, and yellowtail rockfish, Sebastes flavidus
Authors: Hess Jon Eric , Hyde John R , Moran Paul 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Twelve pairs of sister taxa in the speciose rockfish genus, Sebastes, overlap coastal distributions but are bathymetrically segregated. These pairs are ideal for comparative studies to understand how life-history traits, historical events, and environment interact to produce population genetic structure. Black rockfish, Sebastes melanops, forms one such pair. Its sister species, yellowtail rockfish (Sebastes flavidus), shows a genetic cline likely influenced by a dispersal barrier at Cape Mendocino, CA and northward range expansion. Due to geographic overlap and close systematic relationship, we predicted black rockfish was influenced by similar evolutionary processes and thus would show genetic pattern concordance with yellowtail rockfish. We analyzed ~ 1000 black rockfish from 22 sites spanning the species’ range to test the null hypothesis of no structure, using the same markers that characterized yellowtail rockfish (i.e., 812 bp of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and six microsatellite loci). We reject the null hypothesis based on existence of at least three populations and microsatellite genetic divergence that separates the Alaskan and Continental U.S. populations (FCT=0.021, p < < 0.001), and a mitochondrial genetic cline near Cape Mendocino (FCT= 0.132, p < 0.01). We also found single collections genetically divergent from neighboring collections. Like yellowtail rockfish, oceanographic dispersal barriers and northern range expansion were inferred to influence black rockfish, however, unlike yellowtail rockfish, Cape Mendocino did not split the range into two stocks and was therefore inferred to be a less severe barrier. We hypothesize a higher frequency of extinction/recolonization events in black rockfish populations may have led to more complex genetic structure.