bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of free‐living physical activity measurements between ActiGraph GT3X‐BT and Fitbit Charge 3 in young people with haemophilia
Authors: Matlary Ruth Elise D. , Holme Pål André , Glosli Heidi , Rueegg Corina Silvia , Grydeland May 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionMeasurement of physical activity (PA) using commercial activity trackers such as Fitbit devices has become increasingly popular, also for people with haemophilia (PWH). The accuracy of the Fitbit model Charge 3 has not yet been examined.AimsTo compare the Fitbit Charge 3 against the research‐grade accelerometer ActiGraph GT3X‐BT in measuring average daily steps and minutes spent in different PA intensities.MethodsTwenty‐four young PWH wore a wrist‐worn Fitbit Charge 3 and hip‐worn ActiGraph GT3X‐BT simultaneously for seven consecutive days in free‐living conditions. Correlation of and differences between the devices for daily averages of PA parameters were assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and paired t‐test, respectively. Agreement between devices was assessed using Bland‐Altman plots.ResultsTwenty participants (mean age 21.8) were included in the analyses. We found moderate to high correlations between Fitbit and ActiGraph measured daily averages for all PA variables, but statistically significant differences between devices for all variables except daily minutes of moderate PA. Fitbit overestimated average daily steps, minutes of light, vigorous and moderate‐to‐vigorous PA. Bland‐Altman plots showed a measurement bias between devices for all parameters with increasing overestimation by the Fitbit for higher volumes of PA.ConclusionThe Fitbit Charge 3 overestimated steps and minutes of light, moderate and moderate‐to‐vigorous PA as compared to the ActiGraph GT3X‐BT, and this bias increased with PA volume. The Fitbit should therefore be used with caution in research, and we advise users of the device to be cognizant of this overestimation.
Associations between dementia diagnosis and end‐of‐life care utilization
Authors: Luth Elizabeth A. , Manful Adoma , Prigerson Holly G. , Xiang Lingwei , Reich Amanda , Semco Robert , Weissman Joel S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundDementia is a leading cause of death for older adults and is more common among persons from racial/ethnic minoritized groups, who also tend to experience more intensive end‐of‐life care. This retrospective cohort study compared end‐of‐life care in persons with and without dementia and identified dementia's moderating effects on the relationship between race/ethnicity and end‐of‐life care.MethodsAdministrative claims data for 463,590 Medicare fee‐for‐service decedents from 2016 to 2018 were analyzed. Multivariable logistic and linear regression analyses examined the association of dementia with 5 intensive and 2 quality of life‐focused measures. Intensity measures included hospital admission, ICU admission, receipt of any of 5 intensive procedures (CPR, mechanical ventilation, intubation, dialysis initiation, and feeding tube insertion), hospital death, and Medicare expenditures (last 30 days of life). Quality of life measures included timely hospice care (>3 days before death) and days at home (last 6 months of life). Models were adjusted for demographic and clinical factors.Results54% of Medicare decedents were female, 85% non‐Hispanic White, 8% non‐Hispanic Black, and 4% Hispanic. Overall, 51% had a dementia diagnosis claim. In adjusted models, decedents with dementia had 16%–29% lower odds of receiving intensive services (AOR hospital death: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.70–0.72; AOR hospital admission: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.83–0.86). Patients with dementia had 45% higher odds of receiving timely hospice (AOR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.42–1.47), but spent 0.74 fewer days at home (adjusted mean: −0.74, 95% CI: (−0.98)–(−0.49)). Compared to non‐Hispanic White individuals, persons from racial/ethnic minoritized groups were more likely to receive intensive services. This effect was more pronounced among persons with dementia.ConclusionsAlthough overall dementia was associated with fewer intensive services near death, beneficiaries from racial/ethnic groups minoritized with dementia experienced more intensive service use. Particular attention is needed to ensure care aligns with the needs and preferences of persons with dementia and from racial/ethnic minoritized groups.
The medieval skincare routine according to the formulations of Madgistra Trotula and the Medical School of Salerno and its reflection on cosmetology of the third millennium
Authors: Pisanti Simona , Mencherini Teresa , Esposito Tiziana , D'Amato Valeria , Re Tania , Bifulco Maurizio , Aquino Rita P. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundOfficinal plants, minerals, animal derivatives, and miscellaneous have always been used to treat and improve appearance despite the different aesthetic canons of a specific historical and cultural context.ObjectiveThe aim of this work was to make a critical comparison between medieval and modern dermocosmetics analyzing the works of Trotula de Ruggiero, a female doctor of the 11th century teaching and working inside the illustrious “Medical School of Salerno,” who devoted particular attention to the promotion of female care, beauty, and well‐being.MethodsWe applied the historical‐critical method analyzing the Latin text and the nglish translation of the standardized corpus of the main Trotula medieval manuscript De Ornatu Mulierum with a multidisciplinary scientific approach ranging from botany to pharmaceutical chemistry and technology, pharmacology and pathology.ResultsWe identified the medicinal plants, derivatives of animal origin and minerals used in the recipes of Trotula, highlighting their biological properties in the light of current scientific knowledge. A critical comparison between medieval and modern dermocosmetics is reported also taking into consideration the chemical, pharmaceutical, and technological literature.ConclusionBeyond the obvious changes in the paradigms of cosmetology and the different beauty canons of Middle Age with respect to modern times, our results emphasize the attention of Trotula to female care, beauty and well‐being as well as the extraordinary combination of tradition and modernity in her work.
CSR and firm profitability: Evidence from a meta‐regression analysis
Authors: Hirsch Stefan , Petersen Thies , Koppenberg Maximilian , Hartmann Monika 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe analyze the literature on the relationship between corporate social performance (CSP) and corporate financial performance (CFP) by applying meta‐regression analysis (MRA) to 7800 results of 512 empirical studies. Our findings reveal a small positive link between CSP and CFP as well as the presence of publication bias that favors statistically significant CSP–CFP regression coefficients. We also evaluate the impact of the underlying research design on the heterogeneity in published effects using Bayesian and frequentist model‐averaging (FMA). We consider 42 contextual characteristics and our results show that reported CSP–CFP effects are smaller in cases where a binary index is used to measure CSP or when CSP is used as the dependent variable. In contrast, firms in industrial sectors or operating in China rather than the United States exhibit stronger effects. Finally, the CSP–CFP effect is driven by the choice of the econometric estimator and the inclusion of firm size as control variable.
Assessing conservation priorities of threatened medicinal plants in China: A new comprehensive phylogenetic scoring system
Authors: Shan Zhang‐Jian , Zhang Qian , Peng Dan‐Xiao , Ye Jian‐Fei , Cao Lan , Chen Zhi‐Duan , Qin Hai‐Ning 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOver‐harvesting, habitat loss and fragmentation, and biological invasions have led to a sharp decline in wild medicinal plants population in China, where they are an essential component of traditional medicine and used widely. The current national list of protected medicinal materials, the State Key‐protected Wild Medicinal Species List (SKPWMSL), which has not been revised for 30 years, is in urgent need of an update. This study proposes a new scoring system with seven indicators that set the conservation priorities of threatened medicinal plants. The advantages of our approach include: (i) quantitative methods with high repeatability and comparability; and (ii) consideration of the evolutionary history of medicinal species. After assessing 911 threatened medicinal angiosperms in China, we identified 112 species as key medicinal plants for conservation priority (KMPCP). We suggest promoting the SKPWMSL with KMPCP as a supplement and update. Meanwhile, our scoring system will improve the future setting of conservation priority and can be extended to other countries or regions.
How high‐fat diet affects bone in mice: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Zhang Zhanrong , Pei Lei , Zhang Xiaozhou , Li Boyuan , Meng Yichen , Zhou Xuhui 
Published: July 2022

SummaryHigh‐fat diet (HFD) feeding for mice is commonly used to model obesity. However, conflicting results have been reported on the relationship between HFD and bone mass. In this systematic review and meta‐analysis, we synthesized data from 80 articles to determine the alterations in cortical and trabecular bone mass of femur, tibia, and vertebrae in C57BL/6 mice after HFD. Overall, we detected decreased trabecular bone mass as well as deteriorated architecture, in femur and tibia of HFD treated mice. The vertebral trabecula was also impaired, possibly due to its reshaping into a more fragmentized pattern. In addition, pooled cortical thickness declined in femur, tibia, and vertebrae. Combined with changes in other cortical parameters, HFD could lead to a larger femoral bone marrow cavity, and a thinner and more fragile cortex. Moreover, we conducted subgroup analyses to explore the influence of mice's sex and age as well as HFD's ingredients and intervention period. Based on our data, male mice or mice aged 6–12 weeks old are relatively susceptible to HFD. HFD with > 50% of energy from fats and intervention time of 10 weeks to 5 months are more likely to induce skeletal alterations. Altogether, these findings supported HFD as an appropriate model for obesity‐associated bone loss and can guide future studies.
Three dimensions of COVID‐19 risk perceptions and their socioeconomic correlates in the United States: A social media analysis
Authors: Qiao Shan , Li Zhenlong , Liang Chen , Li Xiaoming , Rudisill Caroline 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSocial media analysis provides an alternate approach to monitoring and understanding risk perceptions regarding COVID‐19 over time. Our current understandings of risk perceptions regarding COVID‐19 do not disentangle the three dimensions of risk perceptions (perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, and negative emotion) as the pandemic has evolved. Data are also limited regarding the impact of social determinants of health (SDOH) on COVID‐19‐related risk perceptions over time. To address these knowledge gaps, we extracted tweets regarding COVID‐19‐related risk perceptions and developed indicators for the three dimensions of risk perceptions based on over 502 million geotagged tweets posted by over 4.9 million Twitter users from January 2020 to December 2021 in the United States. We examined correlations between risk perception indicator scores and county‐level SDOH. The three dimensions of risk perceptions demonstrate different trajectories. Perceived severity maintained a high level throughout the study period. Perceived susceptibility and negative emotion peaked on March 11, 2020 (COVID‐19 declared global pandemic by WHO) and then declined and remained stable at lower levels until increasing once again with the Omicron period. Relative frequency of tweet posts on risk perceptions did not closely follow epidemic trends of COVID‐19 (cases, deaths). Users from socioeconomically vulnerable counties showed lower attention to perceived severity and susceptibility of COVID‐19 than those from wealthier counties. Examining trends in tweets regarding the multiple dimensions of risk perceptions throughout the COVID‐19 pandemic can help policymakers frame in‐time, tailored, and appropriate responses to prevent viral spread and encourage preventive behavior uptake in the United States.
The association between dental arch length and oral health‐related quality of life in head and neck cancer patients post‐radiotherapy
Authors: Abed Hassan , Reilly Damien , Burke Mary , Sharka Rayan , Daly Blánaid 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimsTo assess the association between length of dental arch and oral health‐related quality of life in head and neck cancer patients post‐radiotherapy.MethodsThirty head and neck cancer participants reported their oral health‐related quality of life using the oral health impact profile‐14 instrument and their global self‐rating of general and oral health. All patients had received chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The length of dental arch was assessed in three tooth relational categories: canine‐to‐canine, shortened (premolars to premolars), and long (molars to molars) dental arches. Inclusion of participants for any of the three categories required verification of opposing teeth relationship with Shim Stock paper.ResultsOut of 30 head and neck cancer patients, eight (27%) had a canine‐to‐canine dental arch, 14 (46%) had a shortened dental arch, and eight (27%) had a long dental arch. The median oral health impact profile‐14 scores for participants respectively with the canine‐to‐canine dental arch was six (IQR = 9.25), seven (IQR = 8) for participants with shortened dental arch, and 11 (IQR = 12.5) for participants with long dental arch. There were no significant differences in oral health impact profile‐14 scores between the three‐tooth relational groups (Kruskal‐Wallis H = 0.769, df = 2, P‐value = .681). Similarly, there were no significant differences between three‐tooth relational groups on the self rating of general (Chi‐squared = 1.714, df = 2, P‐value = .424) and oral health (Chi‐squared = 1.393, df = 2, P‐value = .498).ConclusionWithin the limitations of this study, no association was found between the length of dental arch and oral health‐related quality of life in head and neck cancer patients post‐radiotherapy. Other factors such as dry mouth, oral mucositis, loss of taste, and trismus should be considered as contributory factors to reduced oral health‐related quality of life in head and neck cancer patients post‐radiotherapy, particularly in relation to eating difficulties.
Narratives of the Process: Parliamentary debates about Catalonia's referendum of 2017
Authors: Franco‐Guillén Núria , Rubio‐Carbonero Gema 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOn 1 October 2017, Catalonia held an independence referendum. The Spanish state had previously declared this referendum illegal and activated political and security devices to prevent it from being held. The referendum was the tipping point of the so‐called Catalan ‘Process’, which would continue with the suspension of Catalonia's self‐government and the imprisonment of several Catalan politicians and activists. Heated political discussion has centred current Spanish (and sometimes even European) politics on issues related to the legitimacy of both the Process and the actors involved in it. This paper aims to understand how the different Catalan political parties framed the Process by looking at the parliamentary discourses which prevailed in the Catalan Parliament one month before and one month after the holding of the referendum. The data are analysed using a mixed‐methods approach. We combine topic models (used to generate different frames associated with different political leanings inductively) with an in‐depth examination of the contents of these frames. The results shed light on how the Catalan Process is framed according to different political leanings and contribute to our understanding of stateless and state‐wide nationalism strategies.
Capacitação do Cuidador Informal: estudo das dificuldades e das variáveis preditivas
Authors: Almeida Francisco , Martins Rosa , Martins Carina 
Published: July 2022

Introdução: Cuidador Informal (CI) enfrenta múltiplas dificuldades no cuidado da pessoa dependente. Objetivos: avaliar as dificuldades sentidas pelos cuidadores informais no cuidado à pessoa dependente e identificar variáveis preditivas dessas dificuldades. Materiais e Métodos: estudo observacional, transversal, descritivo-correlacional e de cariz quantitativo que utilizou uma amostra do tipo não probabilístico por conveniência, constituída por 119 CI, da Região Centro de Portugal. O instrumento de medida utilizado integrou uma ficha de dados sociodemográficos e uma Escala de Avaliação das Dificuldades do Cuidador Informal (EADCI). Resultados: foram observadas maioritariamente dificuldades moderadas, sendo estas mais elevadas ao nível das dimensões cuidar de mim e das atividades de vida diária. Constituíram-se variáveis preditivas o grau de dependência funcional da pessoa dependente a idade do CI e a existência de barreiras arquitetónicas. Conclusão: estes resultados indicam que os CI apresentam dificuldades a vários níveis do cuidar da pessoa dependente, fortalecendo a necessidade de implementar novas estratégias capazes de responder a estes desafios.
Stagnation Point and Meniscus of Low Inertia Free Drag-Out of Liquid by Thin Strip
Authors: Ahmed Rubel , Kosasih Buyung , Johnstone Andrew D. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The time-averaged film thickness of the coating on a smooth strip from a bath can be predicted by the Landau-Levich (LL), and Derjaguin theory for low inertia and low Capillary number, Ca. Using the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method incorporating adhesion force of the liquid to the strip surface, cohesion between liquid particles, and robustly tuned artificial viscosity, the flow and the evolution of meniscus of liquid drag-out within Ca range 0.06≤Ca≤0.25 and fluid Property number P0=0.1 is studied to characterize the stagnation point locations and the meniscus shape. The predicted time-averaged film thicknesses match closely with the LL prediction and previously published experimental data and other theoretical models. The distances of the stagnation points from the strip Xstg are within (2.5±0.3)h∞ and insensitive to Ca. These stagnation points are always on the meniscus air–liquid interface. However, the stagnation point elevation from the bath liquid level, Ystg increase with Ca.
Bilateral Improvements Following Unilateral Home-Based Training in Plantar Flexors: A Potential for Cross-Education in Rehabilitation
Authors: Mandal Sumona , Wong Liang Zhi , Simmons Niall D. , Mirallais Andreas , Ronca Flaminia , Kumar Bhavesh 
Published: July 2022

Context: Cross-education (CE) refers to neuromuscular gains in the untrained limb upon contralateral limb training. To date, only laboratory-based exercise programs have demonstrated CE. Home-based exercise prescription eliciting CE could have greater clinical applicability. Objective: To determine the effect of an 8-week, home-based unilateral strength training intervention on isokinetic muscle strength, muscular excitation, and power in trained and untrained plantar flexors. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: Thirty-four healthy participants were randomized to intervention (n = 20) or control (n = 14). The intervention group completed 3 sets of 12 repetitions of progressively loaded unilateral calf raises 3 days per week. Concentric and eccentric peak torque were measured using isokinetic dynamometry at 30°/s and 120°/s. Maximal electromyogram amplitude was simultaneously measured. Power was measured using a jump mat. All variables were measured at preintervention, midintervention, and postintervention. Results: Strength significantly increased bilaterally pre–post at both velocities concentrically and eccentrically in intervention group participants. Maximal electromyogram amplitude significantly increased pre–post bilaterally at both velocities in the medial gastrocnemii of the intervention group. Power significantly increased bilaterally pre–post in the intervention group, with a dose–response effect demonstrated in the untrained plantar flexors. The CE effects of strength, power, and electromyogram activation were 23.4%, 14.6%, and 25.3%, respectively. All control group values were unchanged pre–post. Conclusion: This study shows that a simple at-home unilateral plantar flexor exercise protocol induces significant increases in contralateral strength, muscular excitation, and power. These results suggest the applicability of CE in home rehabilitation programs aiming to restore or maintain neuromuscular function in inactive individuals or immobilized ankles.
Physical behaviors and their association with type 2 diabetes mellitus risk markers in urban South African middle-aged adults: an isotemporal substitutionapproach
Authors: Kufe Clement N , Goedecke Julia H , Masemola Maphoko , Chikowore Tinashe , Soboyisi Melikhaya , Smith Antonia , Westgate Kate , Brage Soren , Micklesfield Lisa K 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionTo examine the associations between physical behaviors and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk markers in middle-aged South African men and women.Research design and methodsThis cross-sectional study included middle-aged men (n=403; age: median (IQR), 53.0 (47.8–58.8) years) and women (n=324; 53.4 (49.1–58.1) years) from Soweto, South Africa. Total movement volume (average movement in milli-g) and time (minutes/day) spent in different physical behaviors, including awake sitting/lying, standing, light intensity physical activity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA), were determined by combining the signals from two triaxial accelerometers worn simultaneously on the hip and thigh. All participants completed an oral glucose tolerance test, from which indicators of diabetes risk were derived. Associations between physical behaviors and T2DM risk were adjusted for sociodemographic factors and body composition.ResultsTotal movement volume was inversely associated with measures of fasting and 2-hour glucose and directly associated with insulin sensitivity, basal insulin clearance, and beta-cell function, but these associations were not independent of fat mass, except for basal insulin clearance in women. In men, replacing 30 min of sitting/lying, standing or LPA with the same amount of MVPA time was associated with 1.2–1.4 mmol/L lower fasting glucose and 12.3–13.4 mgl2/mUmin higher insulin sensitivity. In women, substituting sitting/lying with the same amount of standing time or LPA was associated with 0.5–0.8 mmol/L lower fasting glucose. Substituting 30 min sitting/lying with the same amount of standing time was also associated with 3.2 mgl2/mUmin higher insulin sensitivity, and substituting 30 min of sitting/lying, standing or LPA with the same amount of MVPA time was associated with 0.25–0.29 ng/mIU higher basal insulin clearance in women.ConclusionMVPA is important in reducing T2DM risk in men and women, but LPA appears to be important in women only. Longitudinal and intervention studies warranted to provide more specific PA recommendations.