bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical Constituents Based Approach for the Management of Diabetes
Authors: Rani Nidhi , Sharma Prerna , Gangwar Aishwarya , Dahiya Randhir Singh , Verma Nitin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
A number of complexities in compliance to long- term diabetes have been elicited. It has become a global concern withoutany convincing medicinal, therapeutical methodology.Both hyperglycaemia and oxidative pressure are major notable parts that playsignificant role in the initialization of diabetic inconvenience. Natural medications have gained a lot of attention in recent years as expected restorative specialists in the prevention and treatment of diabetic complications due to their many objectives and less poisonous outcomes. This survey means to evaluate theaccessible information on therapeutic spices for constrictionand the executives of diabetic complications.This study showed that: a an optimistic approach for new medication terminology to treat diabetic confusion is screening compound competitors from homegrown medication; and investigation of activity of different plant extracts as well as their potency profile and to determine their job in the treatment of diabetic inconveniences must be there; and in addition, an ideal rat model which imitates human diabetic complications ought to be created.

Material and techniques:
Bibliographic investigation was accomplished by checking old-style course books and papers, directing overall bases of logical information (SCOPUS, PUBMED, SCIELO, Google Scholar, NISCAIR,) to recapture accessible distributed writing.
For the assessment of plants with potential in calming diabetic complications, several inclusion models rely on the numerous medicinal spices as well as their crucial mixes.Furthermore, several models, including plants, have been considered, each of which has a suitable impact on increasing oxidative pressure in diabetes.

Results:
Different therapeutic plants/plant withdrawals containing alkaloids, terpenoids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, saponins, and phytosterol type synthetic constituents were uncovered that areprofitable in the administration of diabetic complexities. Results may be attributed to the improvement of oxidative pressure, constant hyperglycemia, and twitch of different metabolic pathways related to the pathogenesis of diabetic confusions.

Conclusion:
An optimistic approach for new medication terminology to treat diabetic confusion is screening compound competitors from homegrown medication. Investigation of activity of different plant extracts as well as their potency profile and to determine their job in the treatment of diabetic inconveniences must be there. In addition, an ideal rat model which imitates human diabetic complications ought to be created.
Quadricuspid Pulmonary Valve: Case Report and the Comparison with
Quadricuspid Aortic Valve
Authors: Miyake Toshiharu , Inoue, Tomohiro , Mushiake Sotaro 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Quadricuspid pulmonary valve (QPV) is a rare congenital anomaly. Simple
QPV had been mainly diagnosed at the time of autopsy before 2000, and the frequency rates of
QPV are approximately 0.02%–0.41%. QPV was initially diagnosed using transthoracic echocardiography
(TTE) after 2000 and with contrast computed tomography (CT) or cardiac magnetic resonance
imaging (CMR) after 2009. Obtaining the cross-sectional view of the pulmonary valve using
TTE is difficult. We aimed to review the papers regarding the incidence, embryology, diagnosis,
associated congenital heart anomalies, and prognosis in patients with QPV, and furthermore to
compare with those in patients with quadricuspid aortic valve (QAV).

Case Presentation:
We diagnosed QPV with mild stenosis in a 12-month-old infant. With a slight
angulation of the transducer superiorly from the left high parasternal short-axis view, a short-axis
view of QPV was obtained.

Results:
In QPV cases diagnosed at autopsy, Hurwitz’s type-b with three equal cusps and one
smaller cusp is dominant, whereas Hurwitz’s type-a with four equal cusps is dominant in clinically
diagnosed cases. Congenital heart anomaly and valvular stenosis are more frequent in patients with
QPV than in patients with QAV. Coronary artery anomalies and infectious endocarditis are more
frequent in patients with QAV than in patients with QPV. The incidence of PR is more common in
type-a QPV than in type-b QPV. There is no difference between type-a QAV and type-b QAV with
respect to the incidence of aortic regurgitation (AR). It is assumed that QPV is a risk factor for a
Ross operation. However, QPVs have been used as autografts in certain patients.

Conclusion:
Between QPV and QAV, various differences were found in frequency rates, diagnostic
methods, valve morphology, valve function, associated congenital heart diseases, and frequencies
of infectious endocarditis.
1-[4-(2-Dimethylaminoethoxy)phenylcarbonyl]-3,5-Bis(3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzylidene)-
4-Piperidone Hydrochloride and Related Compounds: Potent
Cytotoxins Demonstrate Greater Toxicity to Neoplasms than Non-
Malignant Cells
Authors: Roayapalley Praveen K. , Dimmock Jonathan R. , Sakagami Hiroshi , Okudaira Noriyki , Sharma Rajendra K. , Das Umashankar 
Published: March 2022

Background:
The incidence of cancer has been increasing worldwide. Unfortunately, the drugs used in cancer chemotherapy are toxic to both neoplasms and normal tissues, while many available medications have low potencies. Conjugated α,β-unsaturated ketones differ structurally from contemporary anticancer medications, and some of which have

Objectives:
To design and synthesize highly potent cytotoxins with far greater toxicity to neoplasms than to non-malignant cells.

Methods:
A series of N-acyl-3,5-bis(benzylidene)-4-piperidone hydrochlorides 4a-n were prepared and evaluated against Ca9-22, HSC-2, HSC-3, and HSC-4 squamous cell carcinomas as well as aginst HGF, HPLF, and HPC non-malignant cells. QSAR and western blot analyses were performed.

Results:
The majority of compounds display submicromolar CC50 values towards the neoplasms; the figures for some of the compounds are below 10-7 M. In general, 4a-n have much lower CC50 values than those of melphalan, 5-fluorouracil, and methotrexate, while some compounds are equitoxic with doxorubicin. The compounds are far less toxic to the non-malignant cells, giving rise to substantial selectivity index (SI) figures. A QSAR study revealed that both potency and the SI data were controlled to a large extent by the electronic properties of the substituents in the arylidene aryl rings. Two representative compounds 4f and 4g caused apoptosis in HSC-2 cells.

Conclusion:
The compounds in series 4 are potent cytotoxins displaying tumor-selective toxicity. In particular, 4g with an average CC50 value of 0.04 µM towards four malignant cell lines and a selectivity index of 46.3 is clearly a lead molecule that should be further evaluated.
Novel Biomarkers of microRNAs in Gastric Cancer: An Overview from
Diagnosis to Treatment
Authors: Mirzajani Ebrahim , Vahidi Sogand , Norollahi Seyedeh Elham , Samadani Ali Akbar 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most frequent disease in the world and the second cause of cancer-related death. In this way, over 80% of diagnoses are made in the middle to advanced de-grees of the disease, underscoring the requirement for innovative biomarkers that can be identified quickly. Meaningly, biomarkers that can complement endoscopic diagnosis and be used to detect patients with a high risk of GC are desperately needed. These biomarkers will allow for the accurate prediction of therapy response and prognosis in GC patients, as well as the development of an opti-mal treatment strategy for each individual. Conspicuously, microRNAs (miRNAs) and small non-coding RNA regulate the expression of target mRNA, thereby modifying critical biological mecha-nisms. According to the data, abnormally miRNAs expression in GC is linked to tumor growth, car-cinogenesis, aggression, and distant metastasis. Importantly, miRNA expression patterns and next-generation sequencing (NGS) can also be applied to analyze different kinds of tissues and cancers. Given the high death rates and poor prognosis of GC, and the absence of a clinical diagnostic factor that is adequately sensitive to GC, research on novel sensitive and specific markers for GC diagno-sis is critical. In this review, we examine the latest research findings that suggest the feasibility and clinical utility of miRNAs in GC.
Real-World Effectiveness of Wearable Augmented Reality Device for Patients With Hearing Loss: Prospective Study
Authors: Han Ul Gyu , Lee Jung-Yup , Kim Ga-Young , Jo Mini , Lee Jaeseong , Bang Kyoung Ho , Cho Young Sang , Hong Sung Hwa , Moon Il Joon 
Published: March 2022

Background
Hearing loss limits communication and social activity, and hearing aids (HAs) are an efficient rehabilitative option for improving oral communication and speech comprehension, as well as the psychosocial comfort of people with hearing loss. To overcome this problem, over-the-counter amplification devices including personal sound amplification products and wearable augmented reality devices (WARDs) have been introduced.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of WARDs for patients with mild to moderate hearing loss.

Methods
A total of 40 patients (18 men and 22 women) with mild to moderate hearing loss were enrolled prospectively in this study. All participants were instructed to wear a WARD, Galaxy Buds Pro (Samsung Electronics), at least 4 hours a day for 2 weeks, for amplifying ambient sounds. Questionnaires including the Korean version of the abbreviated profile of hearing aid benefit (K-APHAB) and the Korean adaptation of the international outcome inventory for hearing aids (K-IOI-HA) were used to assess personal satisfaction in all participants. Audiologic tests, including sound field audiometry, sound field word recognition score (WRS), and the Korean version of hearing in noise test (K-HINT), were administered to 14 of 40 patients. The tests were performed under two conditions: unaided and aided with WARDs.

Results
The mean age of the participants was 55.4 (SD 10.7) years. After 2 weeks of the field trial, participants demonstrated a benefit of WARDs on the K-APHAB. Scores of 3 subscales of ease of communication, reverberation, and background noise were improved significantly (P<.001). However, scores regarding aversiveness were worse under the aided condition (P<.001). K-IOI-HA findings indicated high user satisfaction after the 2-week field trial. On audiologic evaluation, the K-HINT did not show significant differences between unaided and aided conditions (P=.97). However, the hearing threshold on sound field audiometry (P=.001) and the WRS (P=.002) showed significant improvements under the aided condition.

Conclusions
WARDs can be beneficial for patients with mild to moderate hearing loss as a cost-effective alternative to conventional hearing aids.
Health Chatbots in Africa: Scoping Review
Authors: Phiri Millie , Munoriyarwa Allen 
Published: March 2022

Background
This scoping review explores and summarizes the existing literature on the use of chatbots to support and promote health in Africa.

Objective
The primary aim was to learn where, and under what circumstances, chatbots have been used effectively for health in Africa; how chatbots have been developed to the best effect; and how they have been evaluated by looking at literature published between 2017 and 2022. A secondary aim was to identify potential lessons and best practices for others chatbots. The review also aimed to highlight directions for future research on the use of chatbots for health in Africa.

Methods
Using the 2005 Arksey and O’Malley framework, we used a Boolean search to broadly search literature published between January 2017 and July 2022. Literature between June 2021 and July 2022 was identified using Google Scholar, EBSCO information services—which includes the African HealthLine, PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, Cochrane, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases—and other internet sources (including gray literature). The inclusion criteria were literature about health chatbots in Africa published in journals, conference papers, opinion, or white papers.

Results
In all, 212 records were screened, and 12 articles met the inclusion criteria. Results were analyzed according to the themes they covered. The themes identified included the purpose of the chatbot as either providing an educational or information-sharing service or providing a counselling service. Accessibility as a result of either technical restrictions or language restrictions was also noted. Other themes that were identified included the need for the consideration of trust, privacy and ethics, and evaluation.

Conclusions
The findings demonstrate that current data are insufficient to show whether chatbots are effectively supporting health in the region. However, the review does reveal insights into popular chatbots and the need to make them accessible through language considerations, platform choice, and user trust, as well as the importance of robust evaluation frameworks to assess their impact. The review also provides recommendations on the direction of future research.
Virtual laboratory based online learning: Improving environmental literacy in high school students
Authors: Angreani Anggi , Saefudin S. , Solihat Rini 
Published: March 2022

Oftentimes the increase in industrial development is the cause of environmental problems. Environmental problems can be overcome by the presence of humans who care about the environment or have environmental literacy skills. Environmental literacy skills can be instilled from an early age, for example through practicum learning in schools. However, considering that the Covid-19 pandemic is one of the obstacles in carrying out the practice, virtual laboratory-based online learning is carried out. This study was aimed to improve students' environmental literacy through virtual laboratory-based online learning that has been developed. This research is quasi experiment with pre-test and post-test research design Control Group Design. The total sample of the study was 70 students of class X at state senior high school. The research instrument used was in the form of test questions about environmental changes material and environmental literacy questionnaires. The results showed that the N-gain value of environmental literacy in the experimental class was 29% high, 60% moderate, 11.42% low with the percentage of attitudes 66.62% and 63.43% behavior. Meanwhile, for the control class, the N-gain value was 9% high, 48.57% moderate, 42.85% low and 68% attitude and 67% behavior. This shows that virtual laboratory-based online learning contributes to increasing environmental literacy skills.
A scenario-and-network approach to the urban planning development of the Abakan-Yenisei settlement system
Authors: Skryabin Pavel V. 
Published: March 2022

Introduction. The urban development of livable areas in southern Siberia, rich for natural resources, has encountered a number of problems. They include sparse population, a low-density network of transportation routes and engineering networks, and a growing socio-economic gap between small towns and megalopolises. The self-defeating pattern of the present-day centripetal urbanization leads to the “geographical compression” of the population into several points on the map. Domestic urban planning relies on Soviet developments and follows the arbitrary pattern of the free-wheeling market. Against this background, it is necessary to search for new scientific fundamentals. The hypothesis, proposed by the author, allows predicting urban development activities, changing their direction by influencing certain points in the settlement system, that are known as settlement points, or small towns and villages having unlocked urban development potential. According to the author’s hypothesis, settlement nodes have a trigger effect (they can trigger changes in the entire settlement system).
Materials and methods. Approved area planning schemes and master layout plans were used in this work. Methods for identifying high-potential settlement nodes are proposed. They are a combination of network and scenario-based approac­hes to projecting urban development activities. This method was used to identify the settlement nodes in southern Siberia (the Baikal-Angarsk settlement area).
Results. Eight settlement nodes, having unlocked development potential, were identified within the boundaries of the Abakan-Yenisei settlement area (Achinsk, Shira, Abakan-Minusinsk, Abaza, Ak-Dovurak, Kyzyl, Irbeyskoye and Kansk). Their urban transformation through 2050 is proposed in compliance with their economic specialization, including the development of the local industry, power generation, recreation and agriculture.
Conclusions. In the present-day environment, urban planning activities should be based on the development of projected scenarios. Projected scenarios describe possible changes to the planning framework of a settlement system, which allows identifying settlement nodes as the points of target urban impacts focused on the rational development of livable areas in southern Siberia, rich in natural resources.
Disabilitas dan Pendidikan: Aksesibilitas Pendidikan Bagi Anak Difabel Korban Kekerasan
Authors: Kasiyati Siti , Wahyudi Abdullah Tri 
Published: March 2022

Accessibility of education for people with disabilities has been guaranteed by Law no. 18 of 2016 concerning Persons with Disabilities. However, there is still a lot of data that shows that many children with disabilities do not have access to education, especially children with disabilities who are victims of violence, where in addition to having obstacles to their disabling condition, they also experience deep trauma but the trauma is not immediately known. This study will describe the barriers that occur for children with disabilities in getting access to education widely and what efforts can be made to fulfill the accessibility of education for them. This research methodology uses a qualitative and descriptive-analytical approach by taking the research location at the Aisyiyah Regional Leadership Council of Law and Human Rights, Central Java, which mainly assists children with disabilities who are victims of violence. In this study, it was found that there were obstacles experienced by children with disabilities in getting access to education, from the various obstacles that can be grouped into, barriers that come from parents, the community, government officials, educational institutions, and the children with disabilities themselves. and the efforts made to fulfill the accessibility of education for children with disabilities, namely consultation, investigation, profile assessment, physical healing, psychological healing, advocacy, home visits, psychological counseling, spiritual strengthening, and providing assistance.

Aksesibilitas pendidikan bagi difabel telah dijamin oleh UU No. 18 Tahun 2016 tentang Penyandang Disabilitas. Namun, masih banyak data yang menunjukkan banyak anak difabel tidak mendapatkan akses pendidikan apalagi anak difabel korban kekerasan, dimana selain mereka memiliki hambatan terhadap kondisi difabelnya itu sendiri juga mengalami traumatik yang mendalam tetapi tidak serta merta diketahui traumanya. Penelitian ini akan memaparkan hambatan-hambatan yang terjadi bagi anak difabel dalam mendapatkan aksesibilitas pendidikan secara luas dan upaya apa yang dapat dilakukan untuk pemenuhan asksesibilitas pendidikan bagi mereka. Metodologi penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan bersifat deskriptif analitis dengan mengambil lokasi penelitian di Majelis Hukum dan HAM Pimpinan Wilayah ‘Aisyiyah Jawa Tengah yang banyak melakukan pendampingan terhadap anak difabel korban kekerasan. Dalam penelitian ini ditemukan adanya hambatan yang dialami anak difabel dalam mendapatkan akses pendidikan, dari berbagai hambatan tersebut dapat dikelompokkan menjadi, hambatan yang berasal dari orang tua, masyarakat, aparat pemerintah, lembaga pendidikan, dan dari diri anak difabel sendiri. dan upaya yang dilakukan untuk pemenuhan aksesibilitas pendidikan bagi anak difabel , yaitu konsultasi, investigasi, profile assesment, penyembuhan fisik, penyembuhan psikis, advokasi, home visit, konseling psikologi, penguatan spiritual, pemberian bantuan.
Fenofibrate and Heart Failure Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Analysis From ACCORD
Authors: Ferreira João Pedro , Vasques-Nóvoa Francisco , Ferrão Diana , Saraiva Francisca , Falcão-Pires Inês , Neves João Sérgio , Sharma Abhinav , Rossignol Patrick , Zannad Faiez , Leite-Moreira Adelino 
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE
Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have a high risk for developing heart failure (HF), which is associated with poor prognosis. Fenofibrate may reduce HF events through multiple mechanisms. We sought to study the effect of fenofibrate (vs. placebo) in HF outcomes among patients with T2D receiving simvastatin enrolled in the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes lipid trial (ACCORD Lipid).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We used Cox regression analysis with background glucose-lowering strategy as the stratification variable. The median follow-up was 4.7 years.

RESULTS
A total of 5,518 patients were included. Median age was 62 years, and 31% were women. Prior HF history was present in 5% of the patients. The composite outcome of HF hospitalization or cardiovascular death occurred in 190 (6.9%) patients in the fenofibrate group vs. 228 (8.3%) in the placebo group: HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.68–1.00 (P = 0.048). The beneficial effect of fenofibrate to reduce HF hospitalizations or cardiovascular death was present among patients receiving standard glucose-lowering strategy, HR 0.64, 95% CI 0.48–0.85, and not among patients receiving intensive glucose-lowering strategy, HR 1.02, 95% CI 0.79–1.33 (Pinteraction = 0.017). A similar pattern was observed for HF hospitalizations alone. The effect of fenofibrate on blood lipids was not influenced by background glucose-lowering therapy in a clinically important manner. Fenofibrate caused more transient worsening estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) events but slowed long-term eGFR decline.

CONCLUSIONS
In patients with T2D treated with simvastatin, fenofibrate reduced the composite of HF hospitalizations or cardiovascular mortality, an effect that was seen predominantly in patients with standard background glucose-lowering therapy.