bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Meandering-Capturing Wake Model Coupled to Rotor-Based Flow-Sensing for Operational Wind Farm Flow Prediction
Authors: Lejeune Maxime , Moens Maud , Chatelain Philippe 
Published: July 2022

The development of new wake models is currently one of the key approaches envisioned to further improve the levelized cost of energy of wind power. While the wind energy literature abounds with operational wake models capable of predicting in fast-time the behavior of a wind turbine wake based on the measurements available (e.g., SCADA), only few account for dynamic wake effects. The present work capitalizes on the success gathered by the Dynamic Wake Meandering formulation and introduces a new operational dynamic wake modeling framework aimed at capturing the wake dynamic signature at a low computational cost while relying only on information gathered at the wind turbine location. In order to do so, the framework brings together flow sensing and Lagrangian flow modeling into a unified framework. The features of the inflow are first inferred from the turbine loads and operating settings: a Kalman filter coupled to a Blade Element Momentum theory solver is used to determine the rotor-normal flow velocity while a Multi-Layer Perceptron trained on high-fidelity numerical data estimates of the transverse wind velocity component. The information recovered is in turn fed to a Lagrangian flow model as a source condition and is propagated in a physics-informed fashion across the domain. The ensuing framework is presented and then deployed within a numerical wind farm where its performances are assessed. The computational affordability of the proposed model is first confirmed: 7 × 10−4 wall-clock seconds per simulation second are required to simulate a small 12 turbines wind farm. Large Eddy Simulations of wind farm using advanced actuator disks are then used as a baseline and a strong focus is laid on the study of the wake meandering features. Comparison against the Large Eddy Simulation baseline reveals that the proposed model achieves good estimates of the flow state in both low and high Turbulence Intensity configurations. The model distinctly provides additional insight into the wake physics when compared to the traditional steady state approach: the wake recovery is consistently accounted for and the wake meandering signature is captured as far as 12D downstream with a correlation score ranging from 0.50 to 0.85.
Analysis of Regional Carbon Emission Decoupling Coupling in China Based on ArcGIS Analysis-Empirical Evidence From Urban-Rural Integration in Fujian Province
Authors: Xie Renshan , Yu Dongye , Zhang Xingyuan , Yang Ze , Yang Jianzhou , Ye Jie 
Published: July 2022

China’s ambitious measures for developing a low-carbon economy led to the “double carbon” target initiation. Under this national goal, reaching peak carbon emissions by 2030 is desired. This should not come at the cost of economic growth; which means carbon emissions can be reduced while economic growth can be achieved simultaneously. To realise this strategic reform, the first pilot ecological civilisation zone in Fujian Province of China was initiated; its outcome is set to be the responsible case for such initiations aiming at increased low-carbon economy development. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the relationship between carbon emissions and economic growth based on the evidence. Hence, we applied a model that combines the Tapio and Coupled coordination. Combining the Tapio and the coupled coordination models allows us to analyse carbon emissions and economic growth in Fujian Province over 20 years, i.e., 2001–2020. First, we divided the urban-rural integration process into four stages following China’s Five-Year Plan (FYP): T1 (2001–2005), T2 (2006–2010), T3 (2011–2015), and T4 (2016–2020). Second, ArcGIS mapping was used to represent the spatial evolution pattern of low-carbon economic development in Fujian Province. We observed that the low-carbon economy in Fujian Province had reached a point where the economic growth rate has already exceeded its carbon emission growth rate and is currently in a weak decoupling state. In addition, there observed a bifurcation pattern between carbon emissions and economic growth, especially in the coastal cities that are out of balance, whereas the inland cities are being coordinated. Overall, it is observed that the concept of ecological civilisation is crucial for China to achieve the “double carbon goal,” and it is high time to create accelerating measures that guide the integration of urban and rural areas in the future with appropriate infrastructure.
Chromatin Separation Regulators Predict the Prognosis and Immune Microenvironment Estimation in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Li Zhaoshui , Ma Zaiqi , Xue Hong , Shen Ruxin , Qin Kun , Zhang Yu , Zheng Xin , Zhang Guodong 
Published: July 2022

Background: Abnormal chromosome segregation is identified to be a common hallmark of cancer. However, the specific predictive value of it in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is unclear.Method: The RNA sequencing and the clinical data of LUAD were acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TACG) database, and the prognosis-related genes were identified. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) were carried out for functional enrichment analysis of the prognosis genes. The independent prognosis signature was determined to construct the nomogram Cox model. Unsupervised clustering analysis was performed to identify the distinguishing clusters in LUAD-samples based on the expression of chromosome segregation regulators (CSRs). The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and the enriched biological processes and pathways between different clusters were identified. The immune environment estimation, including immune cell infiltration, HLA family genes, immune checkpoint genes, and tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE), was assessed between the clusters. The potential small-molecular chemotherapeutics for the individual treatments were predicted via the connectivity map (CMap) database.Results: A total of 2,416 genes were determined as the prognosis-related genes in LUAD. Chromosome segregation is found to be the main bioprocess enriched by the prognostic genes. A total of 48 CSRs were found to be differentially expressed in LUAD samples and were correlated with the poor outcome in LUAD. Nine CSRs were identified as the independent prognostic signatures to construct the nomogram Cox model. The LUAD-samples were divided into two distinct clusters according to the expression of the 48 CSRs. Cell cycle and chromosome segregation regulated genes were enriched in cluster 1, while metabolism regulated genes were enriched in cluster 2. Patients in cluster 2 had a higher score of immune, stroma, and HLA family components, while those in cluster 1 had higher scores of TIDES and immune checkpoint genes. According to the hub genes highly expressed in cluster 1, 74 small-molecular chemotherapeutics were predicted to be effective for the patients at high risk.Conclusion: Our results indicate that the CSRs were correlated with the poor prognosis and the possible immunotherapy resistance in LUAD.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Its Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women During COVID-19 at Public Health Facilities of East Gojjam Zone, 2020: A Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Bishaw Keralem Anteneh , Andalem Addisu , Amha Haile , wondie Tirusew 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionPregnant women suffer from varying levels of generalized anxiety disorder that result in poor obstetrical outcomes. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with generalized anxiety disorder among pregnant women attending antenatal care during COVID-19 at the public health facilities in the east Gojjam zone.MethodsA health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted, from 1–30 December 2020. A total of 847 pregnant women were included in the study using a systematic random sampling technique. We used an interviewer-administered questionnaire to collect the data. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with the outcome variable. Statistical significance was determined using a p-value &lt; 0.05 and a 95% confidence level.ResultsThe prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder was 43.7%, with a 95% CI (40.28–47.12). Having &lt;3 the number of children (AOR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.11–2.13, having a negative attitude about COVID (AOR: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.07–2.02 and having a high-risk perception about COVID (AOR: 1.86; 95% CI: 1.34–2.57 were factors significantly associated with generalized anxiety disorder.ConclusionsThe study found that the prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder was high. Having less than three children, having a negative attitude, and having a high-risk perception of COVID were independent risk factors of generalized anxiety disorder. Appropriate interventions should be considered to address generalized anxiety disorder during the pandemic.
Cardiovascular Toxicity With PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors in Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Liu Surui , Gao Wei , Ning Yan , Zou Xiaomeng , Zhang Weike , Zeng Liangjie , Liu Jie 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundPD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have significantly improved the outcomes of those patients with various malignancies. However, the incidence of adverse events also increased. This meta-analysis aims to systematically evaluate the risk of cardiovascular toxicity in patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.Materials and methodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library databases for all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing all-grade and grade 3-5 cardiovascular toxicity of single-agent PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors to placebo/chemotherapy, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy to chemotherapy, or PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors combined with CTLA-4 inhibitors to single-agent immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and pooled our data in a meta-analysis stratified by tumor types and PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitors. The Mantel-Haenszel method calculated the odds ratio (OR) and its corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsA total of 50 trials were included in the analysis. Single-agent PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors increased the risk of all-grade cardiotoxicity compared with placebo (OR=2.11, 95%CI 1.02-4.36, P=0.04). Compared with chemotherapy, patients receiving PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy had a significant higher risk of all-grade (OR=1.53, 95%CI 1.18-1.99, P=0.001) and grade 3-5 cardiotoxicity (OR=1.63, 95%CI 1.11-2.39, P=0.01) cardiotoxicity, especially patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) [all-grade cardiotoxicity (OR=1.97, 95%CI 1.14-3.41, P=0.02) and grade 3-5 cardiotoxicity (OR=2.15, 95%CI 1.08-4.27, P=0.03)]. Subgroup analysis showed that PD-1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy were associated with a higher risk of grade 3-5 cardiotoxicity (OR=2.08, 95%CI 1.18-3.66, P=0.01). Compared with placebo or chemotherapy, single-agent PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors did not increase the risk of all-grade of myocarditis, arrhythmia and hypertension. However, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy increased the risk of all-grade arrhythmia (OR=1.63, 95%CI 1.07-2.46, P=0.02) [PD-L1 inhibitor-containing treatment (OR=1.75, 95%CI 1.09-2.80, P=0.02)], and the risk of all-grade hypertension (OR=1.34, 95%CI 1.02-1.77, P=0.04) and grade 3-5 hypertension (OR=1.54, 95%CI 1.10-2.15, P=0.01).ConclusionsOur results suggest that single-agent PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors increase the risk of all-grade cardiotoxicity, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy increase the risk of all-grade and grade 3-5 cardiotoxicity, especially in those patients treated with PD-1 inhibitor-containing treatment and those with NSCLC. In addition, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy increase the risk of arrhythmia and hypertension. Therefore, this evidence should be considered when assessing the benefits and risks of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in treating malignancies.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022303115.
A Novel Artificial Neural Network Prognostic Model Based on a Cancer-Associated Fibroblast Activation Score System in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Luo Yiqiao , Tan Huaicheng , Yu Ting , Tian Jiangfang , Shi Huashan 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks fourth as the most common cause of cancer-related death. It is vital to identify the mechanism of progression and predict the prognosis for patients with HCC. Previous studies have found that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) promote tumor proliferation and immune exclusion. However, the information about CAF-related genes is still elusive.MethodsThe data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas, International Cancer Genome Consortium, and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. On the basis of single-cell transcriptome and ligand–receptor interaction analysis, CAF-related genes were selected. By performing Cox regression and random forest, we filtered 12 CAF-related prognostic genes for the construction of the ANN model based on the CAF activation score (CAS). Then, functional, immune, mutational, and clinical analyses were performed.ResultsWe constructed a novel ANN prognostic model based on 12 CAF-related prognostic genes. Cancer-related pathways were enriched, and higher activated cell crosstalk was identified in high-CAS samples. High immune activity was observed in high-CAS samples. We detected three differentially mutated genes (NBEA, RYR2, and FRAS1) between high- and low-CAS samples. In clinical analyses, we constructed a nomogram to predict the prognosis of patients with HCC. 5-Fluorouracil had higher sensitivity in high-CAS samples than in low-CAS samples. Moreover, some small-molecule drugs and the immune response were predicted.ConclusionWe constructed a novel ANN model based on CAF-related genes. We revealed information about the ANN model through functional, mutational, immune, and clinical analyses.
Preemptive Living-Related Kidney Transplantation Is a Cost-Saving Strategy Compared With Post-dialysis Kidney Transplantation in Thailand
Authors: Phongphithakchai Atthaphong , Phisalprapa Pochamana , Kositamongkol Chayanis , Premasathian Nalinee , Larpparisuth Nuttasith , Skulratanasak Peenida , Vongwiwatana Attapong 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundCompared with other kidney replacement therapies, preemptive kidney transplantation (KT) provides better clinical outcomes, reduces mortality, and improves the quality of life of patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). However, evidence related to the cost-effectiveness of preemptive living-related KT (LRKT) is limited, especially in low- and middle-income countries, such as Thailand. This study compared the cost-effectiveness of LRKT with those of non-preemptive KT strategies.MethodsCost and clinical data were obtained from adult patients who underwent KT at Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand. A decision tree and Markov model were used to evaluate and compare the lifetime costs and health-related outcomes of LRKT with those of 2 KT strategies: non-preemptive LRKT and non-preemptive deceased donor KT (DDKT). The model’s input parameters were sourced from the hospital’s database and a systematic review. The primary outcome was incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs). Costs are reported in 2020 United States dollars (USD). One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed.ResultsOf 140 enrolled KT patients, 40 were preemptive LRKT recipients, 50 were non-preemptive LRKT recipients, and the rest were DDKT recipients. There were no significant differences in the baseline demographic data, complications, or rejection rates of the three groups of patients. The average costs per life year gained were $10,647 (preemptive LRKT), $11,708 (non-preemptive LRKT), and $11,486 (DDKT). The QALY gained of the preemptive option was 0.47 compared with the non-preemptive strategies. Preemptive LRKT was the best-buy strategy. The sensitivity analyses indicated that the model was robust. Within all varied ranges of parameters, preemptive LRKT remained cost-saving. The probability of preemptive LRKT being cost-saving was 79.4%. Compared with non-preemptive DDKT, non-preemptive LRKT was not cost-effective at the current Thai willingness-to-pay threshold of $5113/QALY gained.ConclusionsPreemptive LRKT is a cost-saving strategy compared with non-preemptive KT strategies. Our findings should be considered during evidence-based policy development to promote preemptive LRKT among adults with ESKD in Thailand.
Relation Between Dietary Carotenoid Intake, Serum Concentration, and Mortality Risk of CKD Patients Among US Adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001–2014
Authors: Hu Yuncan , Cai Xiaoyu , Zhang Nanhui , Li Yu , Mao Ya , Ge Shuwang , Yao Ying , Gao Hui 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundCurrent evidence on the relationship between carotenoids and chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are limited and controversial.MethodsData were obtained from the Nutrition and Health Examination Survey (NHANES) database and the NHANES Linked Mortality File, both from a nationally representative sample. Dietary intake was assessed through 24-h dietary recall, and information was available both on dietary and serum α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, and lutein/zeaxanthin (combined) through the NHANES cycles used. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models to estimate the risk for all-cause mortality associated with carotene intakes and serum levels, adjusting for potential confounding factors.ResultsOf the 6,095 CKD participants, 1,924 subjects died (mean follow-up time, 8.1 years). After eliminating all the confounding factors, we found that high levels of total carotene (HR = 0.85, 95% CI, 0.75-0.97, P = 0.011) intakes at baseline were significantly associated with a lower risk of death. And the serum concentrations of carotenoid were also showing that a-carotene (HR = 0.77, 95%CI, 0.65–0.92, P = 0.002), beta-cryptoxanthin (HR = 0.83, 95%CI, 0.70–0.98, P = 0.019), lycopene (HR = 0.77, 95% CI, 0.65–0.91, P = 0.002), and lutein + zeaxanthin (HR = 0.82, 95% CI, 0.70–0.96, P = 0.002) was significantly associated with decreased all-cause mortality of CKD patients. The associations remained similar in the sensitivity analyses.ConclusionFindings suggest that high-level carotene dietary intake and the serum concentration were associated with a lower risk of mortality in the CKD population.
Presumed Protective Role for Anti-Hepatitis B Virus Antibodies Against COVID-19 Severe Cases: A Clinical Study Confirming in silico Hypothesis
Authors: Gdoura Mariem , Touati Raoua , Kalthoum Sana , Ben Slama Rania , Fatnassi Nouel , Mrad Mehdi , Ammari Lamia , Brahmi Nozha , Ben Jazia Amira , Hogga Nahed , Triki Henda , Haddad-Boubaker Sondes 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for COVID-19 disease which is known to have a broad clinical spectrum, from asymptomatic to critical presentation leading to death. Many researchers have investigated the factors impacting the course of the disease. Our previous in silico study suggested a possible protective effect of Hepatitis B, Tetanus and Measles vaccines against COVID-19. In continuity, we conducted a cross-sectional clinical study in order to confirm our in silico assumptions regarding the HBs-Ag antibodies.MethodsA representative sex- and age-matched sample of patients with confirmed COVID-19 was selected (n = 340). All clinical presentations were equally represented. Using an ELISA test, each patient benefited of a serology for the detection and measurement of the anti-HBs specific IgG antibodies. The obtained results allowed determining the different correlations between these antibody titers and the disease severity. The R® software and the MedCalc® software served to calculate the Spearman's coefficient of rank correlation (rho) for the obtained titers per severity group as well as the different other calculations and figure representations.ResultsA significant positive correlation was found with the anti-HBs titers (rho = 0.107; p = 0.04). High anti-HBs titers were significantly associated with the mild presentation of COVID-19. A significant difference was found between the obtained titers per severity class (chi-2 test, p = 0.03).Discussion/ConclusionOur findings demonstrated that anti-HBs titers were significantly higher for patients having mild COVID-19 presentations. We presume that being immunized against the HB may play a protective role in the course of the disease. Our study provided more key elements in understanding the disparity of the clinical spectrum among regions.
Serum Calprotectin Level Is Independently Associated With Carotid Plaque Presence in Patients With Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: Cheng Isaac T. , Meng Huan , Li Martin , Li Edmund K. , Wong Priscilla C. , Lee Jack , Yan Bryan P. , Lee Alex P. W. , So Ho , Tam Lai-Shan 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundWhether calprotectin could play a role in augmenting cardiovascular (CV) risk in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) remains uncertain. The aim of this study is to elucidate the association between serum calprotectin level and subclinical atherosclerosis in patient with PsA.MethodSeventy-eight PsA patients (age: 52 ± 10 years, 41 [52.6%] male) without CV disease were recruited into this cross-sectional study. Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and the presence of plaque were determined by high-resolution ultrasound. Calprotectin levels in serum were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The variables associated with the presence of carotid plaque (CP) were selected from the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis.Results29/78 (37.2%) of patient had carotid plaque (CP+ group). Serum calprotectin level was significantly higher in the CP+ group (CP− group: 564.6 [329.3–910.5] ng/ml; CP+ group: 721.3 [329.3–910.5] ng/ml, P = 0.005). Serum calprotectin level correlated with PsA disease duration (rho = 0.280, P = 0.013) and mean cIMT (rho = 0.249, P = 0.038). Using LASSO regression analysis, the levels of Ln-calprotectin (OR: 3.38, 95% CI [1.37, 9.47]; P = 0.026) and PsA disease duration (OR: 1.09, 95% CI [1.01, 1.18]; P = 0.013) were screened out from a total of 19 variables. The model in predicting the presence of CP was constructed by Ln-calprotectin and PsA disease duration with an area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.744, (95 CI% [0.59, 0.80], P = 0.037).ConclusionSerum calprotectin level is associated with the presence of CP in PsA. Further studies are required to confirm whether this pathway is associated with CV events in PsA.