bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Domestic violence against women during coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic lockdown in Egypt: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Elsaid Noha M. Abu Bakr , Shehata Shaimaa A. , Sayed Haydy Hassan , Mohammed Heba Saber , Abdel-Fatah Zeinab F. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
While it is necessary to limit the spread of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, efforts including social isolation, restricted travel, and school closures are anticipated to raise the probability of domestic violence (DV). This study aimed to estimate the prevalence, pattern, risk factors, and physical health outcomes of domestic violence against women during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted using a convenient sample. The data collection tool was based on Sect. 11 of the Egyptian Demographic Health Survey, 2014, which is designed to measure domestic violence. We used a Google form-designed questionnaire and distributed the link to social media platforms from May 2020 to June 2020 till the collection of the required sample of 388 completed questionnaires.

Results
The prevalence of every form of DV was 31%. Emotional violence was the most prevalent (43.5%) followed by physical (38.9%) and sexual violence (17.5%). About 10.5% of women reported suffering from all types of violence. The husband was the most common perpetrator of DV. The determinants of ever experiencing any form of DV were low education level of women (OR = 7.3, 95% CI 2.8–18.8), unemployment (OR = 2.31, 95% CI 4–3.5), husband’s use of alcohol or substance (OR = 14.4, 95% CI 4.1–50.2), and insufficient income (OR = 2.01, 95% CI 2–3.2). The most common health consequences of DV were injuries such as cuts, bruises, and aches.

Conclusions
The prevalence of ever experiencing any form of DV was 31% which is considered high. Emotional violence was the most common whereas sexual violence was the least common. Identifying the risk factors of DV would support the development and implementation of preventive and screening programs for early identification and offering social support to the victims. Policies should be adopted for the early detection and protection of women suffering from violent behaviors. Access to adequate prompt support and health-care services is crucial in order to decrease the consequences of violence. It is necessary to implement alcohol or drug abuse interventions, preventive measures, and screening programs in families to reduce DV.
Care Fragmentation, Faulty Communication, and Documentation Lapses Derail a Treatment Plan
Authors: Roberts Thomas J. , Bailey Alexandra S. , Tahir Naeem , Jacobson Joseph O. 
Published: November 2022

This is the second Cancer Morbidity, Mortality, and Improvement Rounds, a series of articles intended to explore the unique safety risks experienced by oncology patients through the lens of quality improvement, systems and human factors engineering, and cognitive psychology. This case describes the care of a patient who was diagnosed with locally advanced lung cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic; it highlights how gaps in communication and care coordination caused the patient to receive care that did not reflect the consensus of his multidisciplinary team. The discussion highlights the importance of multidisciplinary care, particularly for patients with stage III non–small-cell lung cancer, discusses factors that led to communication gaps, and examines how we should assign accountability across dispersed health care systems.Cancer Morbidity, Mortality, and Improvement Rounds is a series of articles intended to explore the unique safety risks experienced by oncology patients through the lens of quality improvement, systems and human factors engineering, and cognitive psychology. For purposes of clarity, each case focuses on a single theme, although, as is true for all medical incidents, there are almost always multiple, overlapping, contributing factors. The quality improvement paradigm used here, which focuses on root cause analyses and opportunities to improve care delivery systems, was previously outlined in this journal.
Resolving morphogenesis into quantifiable cell behaviours
Authors: Green Jeremy B. A. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Morphogenesis is extremely diverse, but its systematic quantification to determine the physical mechanisms that produce different phenotypes is possible by quantifying the underlying cell behaviours. These are limited and definable: they consist of cell proliferation, orientation of cell division, cell rearrangement, directional matrix production, cell addition/subtraction and cell size/shape change. Although minor variations in these categories are possible, in sum they capture all possible morphogenetic behaviours. This article summarises these processes, discusses their measurement, and highlights some salient examples.
Changes in Walking Biomechanics after a 30-Min Exercise Bout in Sedentary Compared with Active Young Women
Authors: HAWKINS JILLIAN L. , WILLIAMS GLENN N. , MILNER CLARE E. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is a common overuse injury associated with physical activity, including walking. The risk for PFP may increase if walking biomechanics change during a bout of walking. Because walking for exercise is often recommended to previously sedentary adults, this would be a cause for concern. The purpose of this study was to determine any differences in walking biomechanics associated with PFP between sedentary and active young women initially and after 30 min of walking for exercise.

Methods
Fifteen sedentary and 15 active young women walked overground for five trials of three-dimensional gait analysis before and after a 30-min treadmill walk. Peak knee flexion angle and extensor moment were compared between groups and before and after the 30-min walk.

Results
Comparing groups at baseline, peak knee flexion angle and peak knee extensor moment were not statistically significantly different between groups. After the 30-min walk, peak knee flexion angle and extensor moment increased slightly in both groups.

Conclusions
Smaller, not larger, peak knee flexion angle and extensor moment during walking have been associated with increased risk of PFP. Therefore, sedentary and active young women can walk for 30 min without further detrimental changes to walking biomechanics that may increase their risk of PFP.
YIELD STRUCTURE AND GRAIN QUALITY OF SPRING WHEAT VARIETIES OF ALTAI AND FOREIGN SELECTION (TYUMENTSEVSKY DISTRICT, ALTAI KRAI)
Authors: Belyaev Vladimir I. , Rudev Nikolai V. , Sokolova Liudmila V. 
Published: November 2022

Wheat is one of the three major agricultural crops worldwide. The yield of any agricultural crop, including spring soft wheat, largely depends on compliance with regional requirements during its cultivation, while variety is one of the decisive factors. The current research aims to identify the difference in the yield structure and grain quality of spring wheat varieties of Altai and foreign selection for the Tyumentsevsky district (Altai Krai) for the first time.
The tasks are as follows: (1) to analyze the growing season weather conditions, (2) to compare the yield, yield structure elements, and indicators of grain quality, and (3) to find the best variety of spring soft wheat. Sampling during the experiment and processing of the results was carried out in accordance with standard methods. There was a difference in the yield structure and grain quality of spring wheat varieties of Altai and foreign selection in the Tyumentsevsky district of Altai Krai. The 2020 growing season was extreme, with droughts, higher temperatures, and precipitation lower than in multiannual terms.
A comparison of varieties has shown the highest yield variability. The highest amount of grains (21.1 c/ha) was received by Variant 2 – Altayskaya 75 (elite seeds). The research results have shown that it is best to use the varieties of local selection to obtain the maximum yield of spring soft wheat in the conditions of the Tyumentsevsky district of Altai Krai.
Chairside provisional implant crown construction: a clinical technique
Authors: Jane Rosemarie , Hudson Joshua , Crawford Robert 
Published: November 2022

Provisional restorations provide numerous advantages during dental implant treatment including manipulation of the peri-implant soft tissue contour to optimise the aesthetic outcome. Chairside construction expedites this stage of the treatment to a single visit for the benefit and convenience of both the dental practitioner and patient. Additional laboratory costs typically incurred for this stage are also avoided. As the expectations and demands for restorations of implants continue to increase, in terms of time, cost and aesthetic outcome, this chairside approach is an important technique for the armamentarium of a dental implant practitioner. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This chairside technique allows dental implant practitioners to provide aesthetic provisional implant crowns in a single visit.
The management of the migration of maxillary incisors
Authors: Devlin Hugh , Waring David 
Published: November 2022

Forward migration of the upper incisors can be very distressing for patients and difficult for the dentist to manage and treat. We summarize the aetiology of this condition in older patients and discuss how this can be managed with a combined orthodontic and restorative approach.CPD/Clinical Relevance: A combination of orthodontics and restorative dental treatment may be useful in managing migration of the upper maxillary teeth.
Post-dam
Authors: Xavier Andre D , Beddis Hannah 
Published: November 2022

The success of an upper complete denture is dependent on various factors, including retention and stability during function, comfort and aesthetics. Physical retention of the denture depends upon adequate extension and fit, along with a good border seal. The border seal of an upper denture relies upon extension of the flanges to the functional depth and width of the sulci, and the post-dam. The post-dam of an upper complete denture is a raised ‘lip’ along the posterior border that becomes embedded into the palatal mucosa. This ‘embedding’ of the border within the mucosa helps to create the seal. This technique tip highlights the location and shape of the post-dam, as well as the clinical stages involved in its construction. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Successful location and application of a post dam will help in retention of an upper complete denture.
Review of the validity of DOPS as an assessment tool for the procedural skills of surgical trainees
Authors: Rela M , Price T 
Published: November 2022

Introduction Surgical trainees at all stages are mandated to use workplace-based assessments (WBAs) to gain feedback from their trainers. Direct observation of procedural skills (DOPS) is a tool to assess hands-on surgical skills. This review of the literature seeks to ascertain how valid DOPS are as an assessment tool for the procedural skills of surgical trainees according to the American Psychology Association (APA) validity framework. Methods Relevant literature was identified through a structured search of Medline, CINAHL and Web of Science databases, with further papers included on citation review. Following this, papers meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the final review specifying those investigating WBAs including DOPS, assessments in practice rather than simulation and specifically for postgraduate surgical trainees. Findings Sixteen papers were included in the final analysis. Extracted data from the returned papers were assessed for evidence of validity in each of the five domains on the APA framework: validity based on consequence, response process, reliability, content and relationship to other variables. There are studies that show good parameters for reliability and validity for specific DOPS used in endoscopy and otolaryngology. However, there is confusion over the purpose of DOPS among trainers and trainees as to whether they should be used formatively or summatively. Recent changes to the surgical curriculum have sought to address this, and further work into the impact of this needs to be done.
Clinical efficacy of the virtual fracture clinic: analysis of 17,269 referrals by type of injury
Authors: Dey S , Mohammed R , Gadde R , Abraham A , Trivedi V , Unnithan A 
Published: November 2022

Introduction Numerous studies have deemed the virtual fracture clinic (VFC) model to be both cost and clinically effective. However, very few of these studies have analysed the type of injuries seen in the VFC. The objectives of this study were to assess the clinical effectiveness of the VFC and analyse the types of injuries that lead to patients re-presenting in the face-to-face fracture clinic after being discharged virtually. Methods This is a retrospective study analysing 17,269 patients referred to the VFC between September 2017 and February 2020. Data regarding the type of presenting injury were collected to understand which injuries required further management after being discharged virtually. Patient clinic letters provided data regarding the purpose and outcomes of VFC referrals as well as face-to-face appointments. Theatre lists were cross-referenced to extract data regarding surgical management. Results In total, 57.37% (9,908) patients were discharged virtually. Of these patients, 92.52% were discharged successfully and 7.48% re-presented to the fracture clinic: 98.11% were managed conservatively and 1.88% required surgery. The highest number of failed discharges were for distal radius fractures (109, 14.69%). Face-to-face follow-up in fracture clinic was requested for 37.06% (6,400) of patients; 4.98% of them required surgical intervention. Some 5.56% (961) of referrals were removed from our analysis: 807 were inappropriate referrals and 154 were deemed suitable for multidisciplinary team discussion. The trust has saved an average of £702,205 annually since introduction of the VFC. Conclusions The VFC model delivers as promised in terms of clinical efficacy and cost management. Injury types showing higher numbers of unsuccessful discharges could benefit from having modified management pathways.
Dyspnoea improves following composite repair of giant paraoesophageal hernia
Authors: Khoma O , Wong NLJ , Mugino M , Khoma MJ , Van der Wall H , Falk GL 
Published: November 2022

Introduction Paraoesophageal hernias (PEH) are often symptomatic and can lead to life-threatening complications such as volvulus and ischaemia. Dyspnoea is one of the most prevalent symptoms of giant hiatus herniae. The primary outcome of this study is resolution of dyspnoea following composite repair of giant paraoesophageal hernia. Secondary outcomes include complications of surgery, hernia recurrence rates and effect of recurrence on dyspnoea. Methods Data were extracted from a prospectively maintained single-surgeon database containing records of all patients undergoing composite repair of paraoesophageal hernia. Patients presenting with dyspnoea who underwent composite laparoscopic repair of giant (>30% of stomach above diaphragm) paraoesophageal hernia between March 2009 and December 2015 were included. Results Inclusion criteria were met by 154 patients. The mean age at time of surgery was 71.2 years (range 49–93, SD 9.66) with an average BMI of 28 (range 19–38kg/m2, SD 4.1). On average hernia contained 64% of stomach (range 30–100%, SD 20.2). One procedure was converted to laparotomy. Surgery resulted in near complete resolution of dyspnoea (2.6% postoperatively, p<0.001). Recurrence rate was 24% and was not associated with persistent dyspnoea. There was one death and two significant complications. Conclusion Dyspnoea resolves following laparoscopic repair of giant paraoesophageal hernia. The presence of dyspnoea in patients with known large paraoesophageal hernia should be regarded as an indication for referral to a surgical service with expertise in hiatal hernia management.
Can virtual reality technology be considered as a part of the surgical care pathway?
Authors: Gendia A , Rehman M , Cota A , Gilbert J , Clark J 
Published: November 2022

Introduction Virtual reality (VR) is emerging as a new technology in the healthcare sector. It has been shown to enhance the patient’s experience and satisfaction in various settings. This review aims to give a brief description of the use of VR and establish validity of its applications to improve the patient’s pathway through surgery. Methods A literature search was conducted using the PubMed and Embase™ databases to identify fields in which VR technology has been trialled in relation to surgery. The search terms ‘virtual reality’ and ‘surgery’ were employed. Results Although benefits relating to VR use have been identified in mental health, obesity management, and physical and cognitive rehabilitation, those in surgery have been less well documented. There are, however, some important but limited benefits reported in managing surgery related stress and improving preoperative patient education as well as VR being an adjunct to some level of postoperative analgesia. Conclusions The current applications of VR in relation to surgical care fall into four main categories: preoperative education, supporting mental health, postoperative pain management, and pre and postoperative patient optimisation. Future studies and validation of VR applications should be carried out so the technology can be utilised throughout the entire patient pathway as VR surgical care bundles.
SyBLaRS: A web service for laying out, rendering and mining biological maps in SBGN, SBML and more
Authors: Balci Hasan , Dogrusoz Ugur , Ozgul Yusuf Ziya , Atayev Perman 
Published: November 2022

Visualization is a key recurring requirement for effective analysis of relational data. Biology is no exception. It is imperative to annotate and render biological models in standard, widely accepted formats. Finding graph-theoretical properties of pathways as well as identifying certain paths or subgraphs of interest in a pathway are also essential for effective analysis of pathway data. Given the size of available biological pathway data nowadays, automatic layout is crucial in understanding the graphical representations of such data. Even though there are many available software tools that support graphical display of biological pathways in various formats, there is none available as a service for on-demand or batch processing of biological pathways for automatic layout, customized rendering and mining paths or subgraphs of interest. In addition, there are many tools with fine rendering capabilities lacking decent automatic layout support.To fill this void, we developed a web service named SyBLaRS (SystemsBiologyLayout andRenderingService) for automatic layout of biological data in various standard formats as well as construction of customized images in both raster image and scalable vector formats of these maps. Some of the supported standards are more generic such as GraphML and JSON, whereas others are specialized to biology such as SBGNML (The Systems Biology Graphical Notation Markup Language) and SBML (The Systems Biology Markup Language). In addition, SyBLaRS supports calculation and highlighting of a number of well-known graph-theoretical properties as well as some novel graph algorithms turning a specified set of objects of interest to a minimal pathway of interest.We demonstrate that SyBLaRS can be used both as an offline layout and rendering service to construct customized and annotated pictures of pathway models and as an online service to provide layout and rendering capabilities for systems biology software tools.SyBLaRS is open source and publicly available onGitHuband freely distributed under the MIT license. In addition, a sample deployment is availableherefor public consumption.
Efficacy and safety of a new ranibizumab biosimilar CKD-701 using a pro re nata treatment regimen in neovascular age-related macular degeneration: A phase 3 randomized clinical trial
Authors: Yoon Chang Ki , Oh Jaeryung , Bae Kunho , Park Un Chul , Yu Kyung-Sang , Yu Hyeong Gon 
Published: November 2022

Purpose
This study aimed to establish the efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity equivalence of the proposed biosimilar CKD-701 with the reference ranibizumab in patients with treatment-naïve neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).

Patients and methods
A total of 312 participants with active subfoveal choroidal neovascularization were randomly assigned to either the CKD-701 (n = 156) or reference ranibizumab (n = 156) arms. The initial 3-month loading intraocular injections were followed by pro re nata (PRN) dosing for 9 months. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with less than 15-letters of corrected visual acuity (BCVA) loss at 3 months visit (one month after last loading injection) compared to the baseline time point. The presence of retinal fluid, and changes in BCVA and central retinal thickness (CRT) were assessed as secondary efficacy outcomes. Immunogenicity and safety were evaluated in both treatment arms.

Results
In the CKD-701 arm, 143 (97.95%) patients lost <15 letters in the BCVA at 3 months compared to 143 (98.62%) in the reference arm (P = 0.67). The BCVA improved with a mean improvement of +7.0 (CKD-701) and +6.2 (ranibizumab) letters at 3 months (P = 0.43). The least-squares mean (SE) changes in CRT at 3 months from the baseline were −119.3 (12.0) μm and −124.5 (11.9) μm in the CKD-701 and ranibizumab groups, respectively (P = 0.74). The proportion of participants with subretinal or intraretinal fluid at 3, 6, and 12 months was similar between the study arms. The number (SE) of injections were 8.36 (3.13) in the CKD-701 and 8.26 (2.92) in ranibizumab (P = 0.62). The occurrence of adverse events and antidrug antibody in the study arms were also not statistically different.

Conclusion
CKD-701 is a biosimilar to the reference ranibizumab in terms of efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity for the treatment of patients with nAMD. Moreover, improvement and maintenance of visual outcome were achieved through PRN regimen.