bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1-h Glucose During Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Predicts Hyperglycemia Relapse-Free Survival in Obese Black Patients With Hyperglycemic Crises
Authors: Jagannathan Ram , Stefanovski Darko , Smiley Dawn D. , Oladejo Omolade , Cotten Lucia F. , Umpierrez Guillermo , Vellanki Priyathama 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveApproximately 50% of obese Black patients with unprovoked diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or severe hyperglycemia (SH) at new-onset diabetes achieve near-normoglycemia remission with intensive insulin treatment. Despite the initial near-normoglycemia remission, most DKA/SH individuals develop hyperglycemia relapse after insulin discontinuation. Traditional biomarkers such as normal glucose tolerance at the time of remission were not predictive of hyperglycemia relapse. We tested whether 1-h plasma glucose (1-h PG) at remission predicts hyperglycemia relapse in Black patients with DKA/SH.MethodsSecondary analysis was performed of two prospective randomized controlled trials in 73 patients with DKA/SH at the safety net hospital with a median follow-up of 408 days. Patients with DKA/SH underwent a 5-point, 2-h 75-g oral glucose tolerance test after hyperglycemia remission. Hyperglycemia relapse is defined by fasting blood glucose (FBG) &gt; 130 mg/dl, random blood glucose (BG) &gt;180 mg/dl, or HbA1c &gt; 7%.ResultsDuring the median 408 (interquartile range: 110–602) days of follow-up, hyperglycemia relapse occurred in 28 (38.4%) participants. One-hour PG value ≥199 mg/dl discriminates hyperglycemia relapse (sensitivity: 64%; specificity: 71%). Elevated levels of 1-h PG (≥199 mg/dl) were independently associated with hyperglycemia relapse (adjusted hazard ratio: 2.40 [95% CI: 1.04, 5.56]). In a multivariable model with FBG, adding 1-h PG level enhanced the prediction of hyperglycemia relapse, with significant improvements in C-index (Δ: +0.05; p = 0.04), net reclassification improvement (NRI: 48.7%; p = 0.04), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI: 7.8%; p = 0.02) as compared with the addition of 2-h PG (NRI: 20.2%; p = 0.42; IDI: 1.32%; p = 0.41) or HbA1c (NRI: 35.2%; p = 0.143; IDI: 5.8%; p = 0.04).ConclusionOne-hour PG at the time of remission is a better predictor of hyperglycemia relapse than traditional glycemic markers among obese Black patients presenting with DKA/SH. Testing 1-h PG at insulin discontinuation identifies individuals at high risk of developing hyperglycemia relapse.
Effect of Floating Offshore Wind Turbines on Atmospheric Circulation in California
Authors: Raghukumar Kaustubha , Chartrand Chris , Chang Grace , Cheung Lawrence , Roberts Jesse 
Published: June 2022

In California offshore waters, sustained northwesterly winds have been identified as a key energy resource that could contribute substantially to California’s renewable energy mandate. It is these winds that drive upwelling, which is responsible for much of the primary productivity that sustains one of the richest ecosystems on the planet. The goal of this study is to quantify changes in wind fields at the sea surface as the result of offshore wind turbine deployments by use of an atmospheric model. Modeled wind fields from this study will drive an ocean circulation model. The Weather Research and Forecasting model was implemented on a regional scale along the U.S. west coast, with a higher resolution nest along the California continental shelf. Simulated arrays of offshore wind turbines were placed within call areas for wind farm development offshore of Central and Northern California. At full build-out, it was found that wind speeds at 10 m height are reduced by approximately 5%, with wakes extending approximately 200 km downwind of the nominated lease block areas. The length scale of wind speed reductions was found to be several times the internal Rossby radius of deformation, the spatial scale at which rotationally-influenced ocean circulation processes such as upwelling occur.
The Levelized Cost of Storage of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies in China
Authors: Xu Yan , Pei Jiamei , Cui Liang , Liu Pingkuo , Ma Tianjiao 
Published: June 2022

Large-scale electrochemical energy storage (EES) can contribute to renewable energy adoption and ensure the stability of electricity systems under high penetration of renewable energy. However, the commercialization of the EES industry is largely encumbered by its cost; therefore, this study studied the technical characteristics and economic analysis of EES and presents a detailed analysis of the levelized cost of storage (LCOS) for different EES technologies. The results show that in the application of energy storage peak shaving, the LCOS of lead-carbon (12 MW power and 24 MWh capacity) is 0.84 CNY/kWh, that of lithium iron phosphate (60 MW power and 240 MWh capacity) is 0.94 CNY/kWh, and that of the vanadium redox flow (200 MW power and 800 MWh capacity) is 1.21 CNY/kWh. A detailed analysis of the cost breakdown shows that the proportion of the Capex and charging costs of EES projects are relatively high, while the Opex and tax costs are comparatively low. The difference between EES projects lies in the proportion of replacement costs. Finally, a sensitivity analysis considering four factors is presented, with this study considering the impact of round-trip efficiency, storage duration, unit initial investment, and the storage application scenario on the LCOS of EES. Among them, the LCOS varies with different application scenarios. For transmission and distribution (T&amp;D) application, the LCOS of lithium iron phosphate is the lowest, due to its long-life advantage compared to lead-carbon.
Establishment and Phenotypic Analysis of the Novel Gaucher Disease Mouse Model With the Partially Humanized Gba1 Gene and F213I Mutation
Authors: Guo Jia-ni , Guan Ming , Jiang Nan , Li Na , Li Ya-jun , Zhang Jin , Ma Duan 
Published: June 2022

Gaucher disease (GD) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the GBA1 gene, which produces the glucocerebrosidase (GCase) protein. There are more than 500 mutations reported in GBA1, among which L444P (p.Leu444Pro) and F213I (p.Phe213Ile) are the most common in the Chinese population, while the function of F213I mutation remains elusive. This study aims to establish the GD mouse model of partially humanized Gba1 gene with F213I mutation. In vitro GCase activity assays showed that the product of partially humanized Gba1 gene, in which the mouse exons 5-7 were replace by the corresponding human exons, displayed similar activity with the wild-type mouse Gba1, while the F213I mutation in the humanized Gba1 led to significant decrease in enzyme activity. ES cell targeting was used to establish the mice expressing the partially humanized Gba1-F213I. Gba1F213I/+ mice did not show obviously abnormal phenotypes, but homozygous Gba1F213I/F213I mice died within 24 h after birth, whose epidermal stratum corneum were abnormal from the wild-type. The GCase activity in Gba1F213I/F213I mice greatly decreased. In conclusion, our results showed that the partially humanized GD mouse model with the F213I mutation was developed and homozygous F213I mutation is lethal for newborn mice.
An Updated Real-Time Forecasting System for Marine Environments in the North Indian Ocean
Authors: Li Yineng , Li Shaotian , Peng Shiqiu , Zhu Yuhang , Zhou Fenghua , Tang Shilin 
Published: June 2022

An updated real-time Experimental Platform of Marine Environment Forecasting system for the North Indian Ocean, called EPMEF-NIO, is introduced in this study. The main changes of the updated system include the following: 1) aside from the eastern Indian Ocean (EIO), the western Indian Ocean (WIO) is added to the regions for weather, surge, and wave forecasts, and the horizontal resolutions for the two-domain weather forecast are increased from 24 and 8 km to 18 and 6 km; 2) a three-domain-nested wave forecast is added to the system with spatial resolutions of 1/3°, 1/12°, and 1/36° for the Indo-Pacific, EIO and WIO, and Sri Lanka and northern Arabian Sea regions, respectively; 3) the length of forecast time is increased from 72 to 120 h. The assessment based on substantial observations shows that the performance of the EPMEF-NIO in weather, wave, and storm surge forecasts is promising and robust, with comparable (or even better) forecast skills for typhoons and waves to some other official agencies or reanalysis. This is mainly attributed to some spectacular techniques employed in the system including the simplified scale-selective data assimilation scheme and the sophisticated dealing with the swell from southern Indian Ocean. Therefore, the EPMEF_NIO can provide a valuable information of the marine environment forecasts in the North Indian Ocean region.
The Efficacy and Psychoneuroimmunology Mechanism of Camouflage Combined With Psychotherapy in Vitiligo Treatment
Authors: Chang Yuqian , Zhang Shaolong , Zhang Weigang , Li Shuli , Li Chunying 
Published: June 2022

Background and ObjectivesThe efficacy of camouflage combined with psychotherapy and the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood in vitiligo management. This study aimed to investigate the joint efficacy and further explore psycho-neuro-endocrine-immune-skin interactions.Patients and MethodsIn a prospective, non-randomized and concurrent controlled trial, patients were divided into two groups. Quality of life (QOL) was evaluated using the Chinese version of the Vitiligo Life Quality Index (VLQI-C). Serum levels of neuropeptides and cytokines were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsA total of 149 patients were included for final evaluation. After treatment for 4 weeks, total and subcategory quality of life scores in the intervention group were much lower than in the control group. Serum levels of neuropeptide-Y (NPY) and melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) significantly decreased, and serum level of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) increased in both active and stable patients of the intervention group, but not in the control group. In addition, the serum levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), CXC chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) decreased in both the active and stable patients of the intervention group and only in the active patients of the control group.ConclusionsThe combination of camouflage and psychotherapy provided a clinically meaningful improvement in quality of life and ameliorated the outcome by likely modulating the psycho-neuro-endocrine-immuno-skin system during vitiligo management.Clinical Trial Registrationwww.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03540966, identifier: NCT03540966.
Organoids From Mucinous Appendiceal Adenocarcinomas as High-Fidelity Models for Individual Therapy
Authors: Liu Guangyao , Xiao Xing , Xia Yujian , Huang Weibing , Chen Wei , Xu Jiannan , Chen Songyao , Wang Huijin , Wei Jitao , Li Huan , Shu Man , Lu Xiaofang , Zhang Changhua , He Yulong 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundMucinous appendiceal adenocarcinoma (MAA) is a rare, heterogeneous disease. Patients with unrespectable mucinous appendiceal adenocarcinoma presenting with peritoneal spread are treated by intraperitoneal chemotherapy, hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, systemic chemotherapy, or targeted therapy. However, there are no guidelines for efficacious drugs against mucinous appendiceal adenocarcinoma. Therefore, relevant high-fidelity models should be investigated to identify effective drugs for individual therapy.MethodsSurgical tumor specimens were obtained from a mucinous appendiceal adenocarcinoma patient. The tissue was digested and organoid culture was established. H&amp;E and immunohistochemistry staining as well as DNA sequencing was performed on tissue and organoid. The pathological characteristics and gene mutations of the organoid were compared to those of the original tumor. Drug sensitivity tests were performed on organoid and the patient clinical responds to chemotherapy and targeted therapy was compared.ResultsOrganoids were successfully established and stably passaged. Pathological characteristics of organoids including H&amp;E staining and expression of protein markers (CK20, CDX-2, STAB2, CD7, PAX8) were consistent to those of the original tumor. Moreover, the organoids carried the same gene mutations as the primary tumor. Sensitivity of the organoids to chemotherapeutic drugs and tyrosine kinase inhibitors included: 5-FU (IC50 43.95 μM), Oxaliplatin (IC50 23.49 μM), SN38 (IC50 1.02 μM), Apatinib (IC50 0.10 μM), Dasatinib (IC50 2.27 μM), Docetaxel (IC50 5.26 μM), Regorafenib (IC50 18.90 μM), and Everolimus (IC50 9.20 μM). The sensitivities of organoid to these drugs were comparable to those of the patient's clinical responses.ConclusionThe mucinous appendiceal adenocarcinoma organoid model which retained the characteristics of the primary tumor was successfully established. Combined organoid-based drug screening and high throughput sequencing provided a promising way for mucinous appendiceal adenocarcinoma treatment.
Machine Learning to Analyze Factors Associated With Ten-Year Graft Survival of Keratoplasty for Cornea Endothelial Disease
Authors: Ang Marcus , He Feng , Lang Stephanie , Sabanayagam Charumathi , Cheng Ching-Yu , Arundhati Anshu , Mehta Jodhbir S. 
Published: June 2022

PurposeMachine learning analysis of factors associated with 10-year graft survival of Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) and penetrating keratoplasty (PK) in Asian eyes.MethodsProspective study of donor characteristics, clinical outcomes and complications from consecutive patients (n= 1,335) who underwent DSAEK (946 eyes) or PK (389 eyes) for Fuchs’ endothelial dystrophy (FED) or bullous keratopathy (BK) were analyzed. Random survival forests (RSF) analysis using the highest variable importance (VIMP) factors were determined to develop the optimal Cox proportional hazards regression model. Main outcome measure was 10-year graft survival with RSF analysis of factors associated with graft failure.ResultsMean age was 68 ± 11 years, 47.6% male, in our predominantly Chinese (76.6%) Asian cohort, with more BK compared to FED (62.2 vs. 37.8%,P&lt; 0.001). Overall 10-year survival for DSAEK was superior to PK (73.6 vs. 50.9%, log-rankP&lt; 0.001). RSF based on VIMP (best Harrell C statistic: 0.701) with multivariable modeling revealed that BK (HR:2.84, 95%CI:1.89–4.26;P&lt; 0.001), PK (HR: 1.64, 95%CI:1.19–2.27;P= 0.002), male recipients (HR:1.75, 95%CI:1.31–2.34;P&lt; 0.001) and poor pre-operative visual acuity (HR: 1.60, 95%CI:1.15–2.22,P= 0.005) were associated with graft failure. Ten-year cumulative incidence of complications such as immune-mediated graft rejection (P&lt; 0.001), epitheliopathy (P&lt; 0.001), and wound dehiscence (P= 0.002) were greater in the PK compared to the DSAEK group.ConclusionIn our study, RSF combined with Cox regression was superior to traditional regression techniques alone in analyzing a large number of high-dimensional factors associated with 10-year corneal graft survival in Asian eyes with cornea endothelial disease.
The Impact of Undergraduate Tutor System in Chinese 8-Year Medical Students in Scientific Research
Authors: Liao Yuxuan , Zhou Hu , Wang Fang , Zhao Mingyi , Wu Jianzhen , Rong Pengfei 
Published: June 2022

PurposeThis study aimed to evaluate the effect and influence of the undergraduate tutor system on the undergraduate stage of Chinese 8-year medical program students in scientific research.MethodsWe collected related data from 194 medical students in the Xiangya Medical School of Central South University. The questionnaire was composed of three parts, namely, eight questions for basic information about individual and undergraduate tutor system, five questions for the subjective feeling impact of the undergraduate tutor system, and 22 questions for accessing the scientific research ability and academic results. The students were mainly divided into three groups to compare different kinds of undergraduate tutor systems, namely, single tutor for multiple students' system (group A), multiple tutors for multiple students' system (group B), and no tutor system for comparison (group C).ResultsThe type of tutorial system, the frequency of guidance, and the way of guidance were independent influence factors of the view of 8-year medical students on scientific research. Group B behaved better than group C in literature processing (P = 0.012), experimental operation (P &lt; 0.001), statistical analysis (P &lt; 0.001), and manuscript producing (P = 0.019). Group A and B joined in more National college students' innovation and entrepreneurship training programs (P = 0.003, P &lt; 0.001). The most popular types of articles published by students were bioinformatics, meta-analysis, and reviews.ConclusionUndergraduate tutor system has made tremendous achievements in cultivating students' scientific research capacity; however, implement improvement should be considered to better educate students.
Non-invasive Tear Film Assessment in Normal Population: Effect of Age, Sex, and Interparametric Relationship
Authors: Singh Swati , Srivastav Saumya , Mohamed Ashik , Basu Sayan 
Published: June 2022

Purpose:To investigate age- and sex-related differences in tear film parameters of normal Indian population and study interparametric relationships.MethodsHealthy subjects with no ocular disease (median ocular surface disease index = 0) were subjected to an automated evaluation of tear meniscus height (TMH), non-invasive tear breakup time (NIBUT) using Keratograph 5M (OCULUS GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany), and tear osmolarity using the TearLab Osmolarity System (TearLab Corporation, California, USA). A mixed-effects model with random intercepts at the patient level was used to evaluate the relationships between explanatory (age, gender, and tear osmolarity) and outcome variables (TMH and NIBUT).ResultsA total of 237 subjects (474 eyes; 150 males) were enrolled with a mean age of 40 ± 17 years (range, 10-78 years). The mean values (± standard deviation) of TMH, NIBUT, and tear osmolarity were 0.34 ± 0.07 mm, 10.95 ± 2.02 s and 289.0 ± 5.8 mOsm/L, respectively. Age had a significant positive relationship with TMH (p &lt; 0.0001; 0.002 mm/year; r = 0.12), but there was no effect on NIBUT (p = 0.26) and tear osmolarity (p = 0.27). There were no sex-based differences in tear film parameters. Interparametric relationship revealed no significant association between TMH and NIBUT (p = 0.12) or tear osmolarity and TMH (p = 0.83) or tear osmolarity and NIBUT values (p = 0.48).ConclusionsIn a normal Indian population, TMH is weakly affected by age and is independent of sex, NIBUT, and tear osmolarity. Tear breakup time and osmolarity show no significant age- and sex-related variation.
Role of Serum Ferritin in Predicting Outcomes of COVID-19 Infection Among Sickle Cell Disease Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lee Jun Xin , Chieng Wei Keong , Abdul Jalal Muhammad Irfan , Tan Chai Eng , Lau Sie Chong Doris 
Published: June 2022

Patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) are at higher risk of getting severe COVID-19 infection. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the role of serum ferritin in predicting ICU admission and mortality among patients with SCD following COVID-19 infection. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, WHO COVID-19 database, ProQuest, and Cochrane Library for articles published between 1st December 2019 to 31st November 2021. Methodological quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklists. Eleven articles (7 cohorts and 4 case series) were included in this review. Pooled mean serum ferritin level on admission was 1581.62 ng/mL while pooled proportion of ICU admission and mortality were 0.10 (95% CI 0.06; 0.16, prediction interval 0.04; 0.23, p = 0.29, I2 = 17%) and 0.07 (95% CI 0.05; 0.11, prediction interval 0.04; 0.12, p = 0.68, I2 = 0%) respectively. Meta-regression showed that serum ferritin did not predict for both ICU admission (regression coefficient = 0.0001, p = 0.3523) and mortality (regression coefficient = 0.0001, p = 0.4029). Our analyses showed that serum ferritin may not be a useful marker to predict the outcomes of COVID-19 infection among patients with SCD. More data are required to identify a reliable tool to identify patients with SCD who are at risk of getting severe COVID-19 infection.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=287792, PROSPERO Registration: CRD42021287792.
Outcomes and CT Perfusion Thresholds of Mechanical Thrombectomy for Patients With Large Ischemic Core Lesions
Authors: Yang Hongchao , Lin Dinglai , Lin Xiaohui , Wu Yanmin , Yi Tingyu , Chen Wenhuo 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveTo explore the clinical prognosis and factors after mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in patients with large cerebral infarction assessed by computed tomographic perfusion (CTP)and the optimal threshold of cerebral blood flow (CBF) for estimating ischemic core.MethodsWe analyzed data from the anterior circulation database of our hospital (August 2018–June 2021). Multivariate logistic regression analyses identified the predictors of clinical outcomes for patients with large baseline infarcts (&gt;50 ml) assessed by the MIStar software. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to explore the cutoff value of factors.ResultsThe present study included one hundred thirty-seven patients with large baseline infarcts. Moreover, 23 (16.8%) patients achieved functionally independent outcomes, and 50 (36.5%) patients died at 90 days. A total of 20 (14.7%) patients had symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH). The multivariable analysis showed that higher age and larger core volume were independent of poor outcomes. The cutoff value of core volume was 90 ml, and the age was 76 years. Hypertension and rt-PA treatment were independent factors of sICH. Higher age and larger ischemic volume were independent risk factors of mortality.ConclusionsMechanical thrombectomy can be applied in patients with large ischemic core volumes. Patients older than 76 years with large cores (&gt;90 ml) are unlikely to benefit from MT. These findings may be helpful in selecting patients with large baseline infarcts to be treated by MT. The threshold of CBF &lt; 30% is the independent factor, and this is worth evaluating in future studies to find the optimal threshold of CBF.
Clinical Features and Influencing Factors for the Prognosis of Patients With Sudden Deafness
Authors: Lin Wei , Xiong Gaoyun , Yan Kailei , Yu Wumin , Xie Xiaoxing , Xiang Ze , Wu Jian , Ge Yanping , Wang Ying 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundsStudies on risk factors influencing the prognosis of patients with sudden onset deafness are lacking.MethodsFrom March 2018 to March 2021, 500 patients, from the Tongde Hospital in Zhejiang Province, with sudden onset deafness were enrolled. We collected clinical information from the hospital medical records, including certain demographic characteristics, information related to sudden-onset deafness, and laboratory parameters. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine independent prognostic risk factors for patients with sudden deafness. Additionally, we also employed orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) to analyze the data of these enrolled patients.ResultsThe baseline clinical characteristics of the enrolled patients were analyzed. Based on their prognoses, the included patients were divided into the overall effective and ineffective groups. Between these two groups, the univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Age, type of hearing curve at the initial diagnosis, acute phase, and sudden deafness site were found to be independently associated with the prognoses of patients with sudden deafness (all P &lt; 0.05). Through the OPLS-DA, the sudden deafness site was found to be an indicator with the highest predictive power.ConclusionsAge, type of hearing curve at the initial diagnosis, acute phase, and sudden deafness site were all independently correlated with the prognoses of patients with sudden deafness and, therefore, need to be emphasized.