bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deglaciation history and subsequent lake dynamics in the Siljan region, south‐central Sweden, based on new LiDAR evidence and sediment records
Authors: Möller Per , Björck Svante , Dowling Thomas P. F. , Hammarlund Dan , Jakobsson Martin , Ljung Karl , Lund Martin , Paradeisis‐Stathis Savvas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Siljan region hosts Europe's largest impact structure. The high‐relief landscape, with a central granite dome bordered by lake basins, contains an array of glacial and shore‐level landforms. We investigated its deglaciation history by mapping and analysing landforms on high resolution LiDAR (light detection and ranging)‐based digital surface models coupled with well‐dated sediment successions from peat and lake sediment cores. The granite dome and bordering areas are characterized by streamlined terrain and ribbed moraine with a streamlined overprint. These suggest an ice‐flow direction from north‐northwest (NNW) with wet‐based thermal conditions prior to deglaciation. During its retreat, the ice sheet was split into thinner plateau ice and thicker basin ice. Sets of low‐gradient glaciofluvial erosion channels suggest intense ice‐lateral meltwater drainage across gradually ice‐freed slopes, while ‘down‐the‐slope’ erosion channels and eskers show meltwater drainage from stagnated plateau ice. Thick basin ice receded with a subaqueous margin across the deep Siljan–Orsasjön Basin c. 10,700–10,500 cal. bp. During ice recession the ingression of the Baltic Ancylus Lake led to diachronous formation of highest shoreline marks, from ~207 m in the south to ~220 m above sea level (a.s.l.) in the north. Differential uplift resulted in shallowing of the water body, which led to the isolation of the Siljan–Orsasjön Basin from the Baltic Basin at c. 9800 cal. bp. The post‐isolation water body – the ‘Ancient Lake Siljan’ – was drained through the ancient Åkerö Channel with a water level at 168–169 m a.s.l. during c. 1000 years. A later rerouting of the outlet to the present course was initiated at c. 8800 cal. bp, which led to a lake‐level lowering of 6–7 m to today's level of Lake Siljan (~162 m a.s.l.). This study shows the strength of an integrated methodological approach for deciphering the evolution of a complex landscape, combining highly resolved geomorphological analysis with well‐dated sediment successions.
Community health literacy outcome measurement practices: A scoping review of recent interventions
Authors: Sawyers Luke , Anderson Claire , Aslani Parisa , Duncan Gregory , Janjua Sobia S. , Toh Li Shean 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionEvidence suggests that, while a preference for functional Health Literacy (HL) outcome measurement exists, researchers are converging towards more all‐encompassing instruments. While this claim is present in the HL field, minimal research has comprehensively explored the state of community HL measurement practices at the direct and proxy level. The almost exclusive focus on direct, as opposed to proxy, community HL measurement indicates a review of progress is needed.ObjectiveTo identify HL outcome measurement practices for community HL interventions at the direct and proxy level of measurement.Search StrategyMedline, PsycINFO, Web of Science, ERIC, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, Google Scholar and targeted websites were searched.Inclusion CriteriaStudies were sampled from the general population, included HL as an outcome of interest, involved an intervention aiming to improve HL, were English‐text publications and were published ≥2010.Data Extraction and SynthesisStudy author(s) and publication years, sample characteristics, intervention profiles and direct and proxy instrument and outcome measurement information were extracted. Full‐text review retrieved 25 eligible studies.Main ResultsIn total, 21 unique direct and 38 unique proxy instruments were extracted. The majority of interventions assessed functional compared to communicative, critical, and other HL domains, with objective instruments more frequently used than subjective or combined objective‐subjective types, though more unique subjective HL instruments were extracted overall. The Test of Functional HL in Adults was the most popular instrument, and perceived health, knowledge, behaviors and health intentions were the most frequent proxy outcome measures, with only the Healthy Lifestyle Behavior Scale‐II and Patient Activation Measure used across multiple interventions.Discussion and ConclusionsDirect HL outcome practices endured a unidimensional profile, despite previous suggestions of a convergence towards holistic instruments. This review provides the first overview of proxy HL measurement across community HL interventions, identifying substantial variation in proxy outcome practices.Patient or Public ContributionA University‐based senior librarian contributed to the development of the search strategy, and reviewed iterations of the strategy until refinement was complete. No further public or patient contribution was made given the review‐based nature of the research.
Taxes and trade credit: Evidence from the 2017 tax cuts and jobs act
Authors: Nguyen Duong , Xu Hongkang , Kalelkar Rachana 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this study, we examine the effect of taxes on the use of trade credit and on the relation between trade credit financing and managerial inside debt using the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 TCJA (TCJA). We find that firms are likely to use more trade credit after the enactment of the TCJA, supporting the tax‐based hypothesis for the existence of trade credit. Furthermore, firms with higher CEO inside debt tend to use less trade credit than those with lower CEO inside debt. The negative relation between inside debt and trade credit is less pronounced after the TCJA enactment. These results are consistent with our conjecture that CEOs with high inside debt are less inclined to use trade credit, which is an expensive source of external financing, and firms use trade credit to reallocate capital for more efficient uses in response to lower tax rates. Our findings suggest that taxes and managerial debt‐based compensation might be relevant factors influencing firms’ trade credit policy.
Impact of saline valorization in contaminated municipal wastewater on the treatment performance and bacterial community dynamics of a membrane bioreactor
Authors: Ittisupornrat Suda , Theepharaksapan Suthida , Krasaesueb Nattawut , Phetrak Athit 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundDue to salt intrusion and the improper use of seawater for cleaning and flushing in food shops along coastal regions, the aerobic biological wastewater treatment process may have an adverse effect on treatment performance. This study demonstrates membrane bioreactor (MBR) performance for treating saline‐contaminated municipal wastewater. The aim of this study is to determine how much salt affects the efficiency of the process and how the functional bacterial community evolves in an MBR for treating actual municipal wastewater.ResultsAn MBR was applied for actual municipal wastewater treatment by increasing the NaCl concentration from 0 to 20 g L−1 with a hydraulic retention time of 12 h and complete sludge retention. High removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (COD) (ranging from 80.3 to 82.8 mgL−1) and ammonium‐N (ranging from 40.8 to 44.4 mgL−1) were found at salinity concentrations of up to 7.8 ± 0.8 g L−1. However, the removal efficiency of COD was below 50% at high salinity concentrations of 17.9 ± 1.3 g L−1, whereas the removal rate of ammonium‐N had slightly changed with the value of 90%. In terms of bacterial composition, the largest dominant bacterial communities were Proteobacteria and Planctomycetota, both of which may be the predominant halotolerant/halophilic bacteria group. Additionally, Rhizobiales, Planctomycetales, Pirellulales, and Gemmatales (all of which are members of these phyla) were increased, suggesting that they played an important role in the biodegradation process.ConclusionThe MBR operation showed a good performance for treating municipal wastewater with high salinity concentrations, with a salt tolerance threshold of 7.8 g L−1. The experimental results indicate that the MBR system can be applied for treating municipal wastewater that is occasionally contaminated with seawater. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Dectin-1 signaling in neutrophils up-regulates PD-L1 and triggers ROS-mediated suppression of CD4+ T cells
Authors: Deerhake M Elizabeth , Cardakli Emre D , Shinohara Mari L 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDectin-1 is known to drive proinflammatory cytokine production by macrophages and dendritic cells which promotes Th17 CD4+ T cell responses in the setting of fungal infection. However, the role of Dectin-1 signaling in neutrophils and its impact on CD4+ T cells is not well understood. In this study, we found that neutrophils stimulated with a Dectin-1 agonist diminish CD4+ T cell viability in a rapid and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent manner. Furthermore, Dectin-1 promoted neutrophil PD-L1 expression via Syk and Card9 signaling, along with other immune-checkpoint factors in a neutrophil-biased manner. Although neutrophil PD-L1 did not significantly impact disease severity in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), we found that CNS-infiltrated neutrophils potently up-regulate PD-L1 expression. Furthermore, a subset of PD-L1+ neutrophils was also found to express MHC-II during EAE. In summary, we found that Dectin-1 elicits a biphasic neutrophil response in which (1) T-cell suppressive ROS is followed by (2) up-regulation of PD-L1 expression. This response may serve to limit excess CD4+ T cell-driven inflammation in infection or autoimmunity while preserving host-defense functions of neutrophils.Summary sentence: Mechanisms by which Dectin-1 signaling in neutrophils promotes a cellular phenotype with T cell-suppressive properties.
Auxiliary antenna design for anti‐interference of satellite communication earth station
Authors: Li ZheYu , Meng Jin , Luo Kang , Wang Qing , Yang Kai , He FangMin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this study, a novel elliptical widebeam auxiliary antenna is proposed for anti‐interference of satellite communication earth station. The wide beam width of about 180° in horizontal plane (H‐plane) is achieved by increasing the width of the substrate, reducing the size of the ground plane and adding a V‐shaped aluminum frame. And the narrow beam width of about 30° in elevational plane (E‐plane) is achieved by designing a binary element array. Only two auxiliary antennas are needed for sampling to cover interference from any azimuth direction in H‐plane. The antenna is fabricated and measured, and the results are in good agreement with simulation. The corresponding −10 dB impedance bandwidth is about 17% with maximum gain of 6.5 dBi. The 3 dB beam widths are respectively 33° and 178° in E‐plane and H‐plane. Furthermore, simulation and experiment of the proposed auxiliary antenna in interference cancelation system verify its anti‐interference performance. According to sidelobe canceler, an average interference cancelation ratio of about 27 dB is achieved.
Preparation and properties of a fast‐cross‐linking α‐cyanoacryloyloxyethyloxypropyl‐functionalized polydimethylsiloxane
Authors: Liu Qingyue , Dong Hong , Guo Shiping , Zhang Yipin , Wang Erlei , Qu Zhirong , Chen Daowei , Huang Liangbing , Hou Jianchao , Zheng Yunfeng , Wu Chuan 
Published: September 2022

Abstractα‐cyanoacryloyloxyethyloxypropyl‐functionalized polysiloxanes were prepared using a condensation reaction between the adduct of anthracene/α‐cyanoacryloyl chloride and hydroxyethyloxypropyl‐modified polydimethylsiloxanes, followed by a retro‐Diels–Alder reaction to deprotect the anthracene. Structures of the obtained polymers and their intermediates were characterized using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and FT‐IR spectroscopies. Under mild conditions such as at room temperature with a relative humidity of 60%, the α‐cyanoacryloyloxyethyloxypropyl‐functionalized polysiloxanes could be completely cured within 3 minutes. With a small amount of N,N‐dimethyl‐p‐toluidine as the initiator, the curing time could be further shortened to 3–5 seconds. Various factors affected on the cross‐linking density and the average molecular weight between two adjacent cross‐linking points were investigated. The results indicated that with the introduction of the α‐cyanoacryloyloxyethyloxypropyl group, α‐cyanoacryloyloxyethyloxypropyl‐functionalized PDMS exhibited much better thermal stabilities than that of pure poly(ethyl α‐cyanoacrylate). Besides, the introduction of an α‐cyanoacryloyloxyethyloxypropyl group in the PDMS molecule also eliminated the crystallization behavior and glass transition temperature of PDMS. The results of the water contact angle test showed the interfacial characteristics of the prepared material changed significantly relative to pure PDMS. With the increase in the content of the functional group, the water contact angle of the material showed an overall increasing trend.
An efficient method for estimating failure probability bounds under random‐interval mixed uncertainties by combining line sampling with adaptive Kriging
Authors: Wang Jiaqi , Lu Zhenzhou , Wang Lu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFor addressing the low efficiency of structural reliability analysis under the random‐interval mixed uncertainties (RIMU), this paper establishes the line sampling method (LS) under the RIMU. The proposed LS divides the reliability analysis under RIMU into two stages. The Markov chain simulation is used to efficiently search the design point under RIMU in the first stage, then the upper and lower bounds of failure probability are estimated by LS in the second stage. To improve the computational efficiency of the proposed LS under RIMU, the Kriging model is employed to reduce the model evaluation numbers in the two stages. For efficiently searching the design point, the Kriging model is constructed and adaptively updated in the first stage to accurately recognize the Markov chain candidate state, and then it is sequentially updated by the improved U learning function in the second stage to accurately estimate the failure probability bounds. The proposed LS under RIMU with Kriging model can not only reduce the model evaluation numbers but also decrease the candidate sample pool size for constructing the Kriging model in two stages. The presented examples demonstrate the superior computational efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method by comparison with some existing methods.
Respiratory infections in children born preterm in low and middle‐income countries: A systematic review
Authors: Diggikar Shivashankar , Paul Abhishek , Razak Abdul , Chandrasekaran Manigandan , Swamy Ravi Shankar 
Published: September 2022

AbstractContextStudies from high‐income countries indicates that infants born preterm are at increased risk of respiratory infections; however in the low and middle‐income countries (LMICs) data are limited. Our aim was to systematically review the studies evaluating the risk of respiratory infections in preterm children born in LMICs.MethodsWe searched Medline, PubMed, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Embase, and Psych‐INFO databases for studies reporting respiratory outcomes in children born preterm in LMICs. Two authors extracted the data and evaluated the risk of bias with appropriate assessment methods independently.ResultsTwelve observational studies evaluating 5969 children were included in the review. The risk of lower respiratory tract infection varied from 5% to 73.9%. Similarly, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection risk ranged from 4.4% to 22.7%. The unadjusted relative risk for any respiratory tract infection or lower respiratory tract infection was significantly higher in the children born preterm than in children born at term (1.52 [95% confidence interval 1.25–1.85]). We also noted wide‐ranging risk of respiratory infections requiring in‐hospital or emergency care (range: 0.5%–27.7%) and hospital stay in children born preterm (range: 6–14.3 days).ConclusionsPreterm‐born children in LMICs are at risk of increased respiratory infections compared to term‐born children; however, the baseline risk is variable, although substantial; This highlights the need for preventive strategies, including RSV immunoprophylaxis.
Toward precision nutrition: A cross‐sectional study on the genetic risks of nutrients deficiencies and eating behaviors among the Orang Asli and Malays
Authors: Khoruddin Nurul Ain , Lim Wai Feng , Teh Lay Kek , Noorizhab Mohd Nur Fakhruzzaman , Mohd Yusof Farida Zuraina , Salleh Mohd Zaki 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis cross‐sectional study aimed to profile 15 genetic markers associated with the risks of nutrient deficiencies and eating disinhibition behaviors that could lead to obesity among the Orang Asli (OA) and the Malays. The whole‐genome sequences of 98 OA and 96 Malay individuals were mined for these 15 genetic variants. The distributions of risk allele frequencies were then compared with other world populations to determine the impact of these genetic variations on the wellness of the two cohorts. The risk alleles include rs2025804 G, rs1800497 T, rs4680 G, rs602662 G, rs174547 C, and rs4654748 C, were commonly found among the OA and Malays and are likely to be pathogenic genetics variants for obesity. The risk allele frequencies differed significantly between the studied and the other five populations (p < .05). We believe that this is the first reported study on the genetic variants associated with nutrient deficiencies and eating disinhibition behaviors that are likely to increase risks of obesity among the OA and Malays.
C${\cal C}$osmological G${\cal G}$eometric P${\cal P}$hase F${\cal F}$rom P${\cal P}$ure Q${\cal Q}$uantum S${\cal S}$tates: A Study without/ with having Bell's Inequality Violation
Authors: Choudhury Sayantan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper, using the concept of Lewis Riesenfeld invariant quantum operator method for finding continuous eigenvalues of quantum mechanical wave functions we derive the analytical expressions for the cosmological geometric phase, which is commonly identified to be the Pancharatnam Berry phase from primordial cosmological perturbation scenario. We compute this cosmological geometric phase from two possible physical situations, (1) In the absence of Bell's inequality violation and (2) In the presence of Bell's inequality violation having the contributions in the sub Hubble region (), super Hubble region () and at the horizon crossing point () for massless field (), partially massless field () and massive/heavy field (), in the background of quantum field theory of spatially flat quasi De Sitter geometry. The prime motivation for this work is to investigate the various unknown quantum mechanical features of primordial universe. To give the realistic interpretation of the derived theoretical results we express everything initially in terms of slowly varying conformal time dependent parameters, and then to connect with cosmological observation we further express the results in terms of cosmological observables, which are spectral index/tilt of scalar mode power spectrum () and tensor‐to‐scalar ratio (r). Finally, this identification helps us to provide the stringent numerical constraints on the Pancharatnam Berry phase, which confronts well with recent cosmological observation.
Therapy decisions after diagnosis of prostate cancer in men with negative prostate MRI
Authors: Schmid Florian A. , Lieger Laura , Saba Karim , Sigg Silvan , Lehner Fabienne , Waisbrod Sharon , Müller Alexander , Sulser Tullio , Eberli Daniel , Mortezavi Ashkan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate the clinical implications of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) negative prostate cancer (PCa) in a cohort of men undergoing transperineal prostate biopsy.MethodsWe included all men without prior diagnosis of PCa undergoing transperineal template saturation ± fusion‐guided targeted biopsy of the prostate between November 2014 and March 2018. Before biopsy, all patients underwent MRI and biopsies were performed irrespective of imaging results. Baseline characteristics, imaging, biopsy results, and follow‐up information were retrieved from the patient charts. Patients were classified as either MRI negative (Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System [PIRADS] ≤ 2) or positive (PIRADS ≥ 3). ISUP grade group 1 was defined as clinically nonsignificant (nsPCa) and ≥2 as clinically significant PCa (csPCa). Primary outcome was the individual therapeutic decision after diagnosis of PCa stratified according to MRI visibility. Secondary outcomes were the sensitivity and specificity of MRI, and the urooncological outcomes after radical prostatectomy (RP).ResultsFrom 515 patients undergoing prostate biopsy, 171 (33.2%) patients had a negative and 344 (66.8%) a positive MRI. Pathology review stratified for MRI negative and positive cases revealed nsPCa in 27 (15.8%) and 32 (9.3%) and csPCa in 26 (15.2%) and 194 (56.4%) of the patients, respectively. The rate of active treatment in the MRI negative was lower compared with the MRI positive cohort (12.3% vs. 53.2%; odd ratio [OR] = 0.12; p < 0.001). While men with negative MRI were more likely to undergo active surveillance (AS) than MRI positive patients (18.1% vs. 10.8%; OR = 1.84; p = 0.027), they rarely underwent RP (6.4% vs. 40.7%, OR = 0.10; p < 0.001). Logistic regression revealed that a negative MRI was independently protective for active treatment (OR = 0.32, p = 0.014). The specificity, sensitivity, negative, and positive predictive value of MRI for detection of csPCa were 49.2%, 88.2%, 56.4%, and 84.8%, respectively. The rate of adverse clinicopathological outcome features (pT3/4, ISUP ≥4, or prostate‐specific antigen [PSA]‐persistence) following RP was 4.7% for men with MRI negative compared to 17.4% for men with MRI positive PCa (OR = 3.1, p = 0.19).ConclusionOnly few men with MRI negative PCa need active cancer treatment at the time of diagnosis, while the majority opts for AS. Omitting prostate biopsies and performing a follow‐up MRI may be a safe alternative to reduce the number of unnecessary interventions.
Impact of COVID‐19 on the progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia and aggravation of related symptoms: A prospective study
Authors: Sevim Mehmet , Alkiş Okan , Kartal İbrahim Güven , Coşer Şeref , Akman Hüseyin , Aras Bekir 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate the lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) of the patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) who were admitted due to coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) and to show the effect of COVID‐19 on BPH.MethodsThis prospective study included patients over the age of 45 admitted due to COVID‐19 between June 2021 and December 2021 and treated with alpha‐blockers for BPH. During admission, the patients were evaluated by prostate volumes, prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) values, and International Prostate Symptom Scores (IPSS). Furthermore, treatment duration due to COVID‐19, frequency, nocturia, and voided volumes obtained from the voiding diary was recorded. Finally, the sequent IPSS values were compared by inviting the patients to the urology polyclinic in the first month.ResultsThe mean age of 142 patients was 72.42 ± 10.21 years. The IPSS scores of the patients increased from 10.66 ± 4.46 to 12.99 ± 3.58 1 month after the diagnosis (p < 0.01). Moreover, the IPSS quality of life (QoL) scores were 2.44 ± 0.58 and 2.75 ± 0.51, respectively (p < 0.01). The mean frequency obtained from the voiding diary data increased from 5.10 ± 1.5 to 5.65 ± 1.36 (p < 0.01), mean nocturia count increased from 1.13 ± 0.05 to 1.39 ± 0.66 per day (p < 0.01), and the mean voiding volume decreased from 320.56 ± 46.76 ml to 298.84 ± 39.74 ml (p < 0.01).ConclusionIn this study, we detected an increase in LUTS during COVID‐19 treatment. Therefore, it should be noted that symptomatic or asymptomatic COVID‐19 patients may refer to urology polyclinics due to aggravation of LUTS.