bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploiting the post‐attendee URL feature in Zoom webinar to distribute malware
Authors: Cauley Austin , McCoy Mark 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe post‐attendee Uniform Resource Locator (URL) feature within the video conferencing application known as Zoom is often overlooked by digital forensic experts as a potential risk for malware transmission. However, with the ability to redirect webinar participants to any URL set by the host for the webinar, the post‐attendee URL can be abused by bad actors to expose webinar participants to malicious websites or, in the worst‐case scenario, force participants to download a file through the use of a direct download link URL. This study aims to showcase how this exploit can be replicated by creating an experimental environment involving four Windows 10 desktops running Zoom version 5.7.5 and creating a webinar with four user accounts acting as webinar participants and setting the post‐attendee URL value to the URL of a website that contained a keylogger. In another trial, the same experimental environment was utilized, with the only difference being the post‐attendee URL that was set to redirect webinar participants to a download link for a .jpg file. In both instances, every user account that joined the webinar via clicking on the invitation link that was emailed to each user account after registering for the webinar was redirected to the post‐attendee URL regardless of their user account role. These results not only prove that the post‐attendee URL can be exploited, but also provide insight as to how this type of attack can be prevented.
Genome‐wide association study reveals a genomic region on SSC7 simultaneously associated with backfat thickness, skin thickness and carcass length in a Large White × Tongcheng advanced generation intercross resource population
Authors: Fu Ming , Zhou Xiang , Liu Zuhong , Wang Tengfei , Liu Bang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn order to identify important genetic markers associated with backfat thickness, skin thickness and carcass length, we first constructed Large White × Tongcheng (Chinese local breed), an advanced generation intercross population, then performed a genome‐wide association study (GWAS) to reveal the key genomic region associated with these traits through whole genome sequencing. The GWAS results of backfat thickness, skin thickness and carcass length showed that all the most significant SNPs associated with these three traits were located on SSC7, and that 14.9, 27.0 and 21.1% of phenotypic variances were explained by these three SNPs, respectively. Through linkage disequilibrium analysis, we found that a 66.9 kb (30.23–30.31 Mb) genetic region was overlapped among these three traits, and that NUDT3 and HMGA1 were identified as major candidate genes for backfat thickness and carcass length, and GRM4 as a potential candidate gene for skin thickness. In addition, 13 highly linked SNPs significantly associated with the three traits were also identified in overlapped region, and three completely linked SNPs formed two haplotypes Q and q. The backfat thickness of individuals with the qq genotype was significantly lower than that of individuals with the QQ genotype, but their carcass length and skin thickness were significantly higher than those with the QQ genotype. Our detected candidate genes and SNPs will provide the foundation for genetic improvement of these three traits.
A practical use of noninvasive tests in clinical practice to identify high‐risk patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Younossi Zobair , Alkhouri Naim , Cusi Ken , Isaacs Scott , Kanwal Fasiha , Noureddin Mazen , Loomba Rohit , Ravendhran Natarajan , Lam Brian , Nader Khalil , Racila Andrei , Nader Fatema , Henry Linda 
Published: December 2022

SummaryBackgroundPatients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with type 2 diabetes (T2D) or other components of metabolic syndrome are at high risk for disease progression. We proposed an algorithm to identify high‐risk NAFLD patients in clinical practice using noninvasive tests (NITs).MethodsEvidence about risk stratification of NAFLD using validated NITs was reviewed by a panel of NASH Experts. Using the most recent evidence regarding the performance of NITs and their application in clinical practice were used to develop an easy‐to‐use algorithm for risk stratification of NAFLD patients seen in primary care, endocrinology and gastroenterology practices.ResultsThe proposed algorithm uses a three‐step process to identify NAFLD patients who are potentially at high risk for adverse outcomes. The first step is to use clinical data to identify most patients who are at risk for having potentially progressive NAFLD (e.g. having T2D or multiple components of metabolic syndrome). The second step is to calculate the FIB‐4 score as a NIT that can further risk stratifying individuals who are at low risk for progressive liver disease and can be managed by their primary healthcare providers to manage their cardiometabolic comorbidities. The third step is to use second‐line NITs (transient elastography or enhanced liver fibrosis tests) to identify those who at high risk for progressive liver disease and should be considered for specially care by providers with NASH expertise.ConclusionsThe use of this simple clinical algorithm can identify and assist in managing patients with NAFLD at high risk for adverse outcomes.
Goal setting, goal attainment and quality of life of children following selective dorsal rhizotomy
Authors: Lewis Jennifer A. , Bear Natasha , Smith Nadine , Baker Felicity , Lee Olivia S. , Wynter Meredith , Paget Simon P. ,   the Selective Dorsal Rhizotomy ‐ Australian Registry Management Committee
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of this study is to describe the individualized occupational performance issues identified by parents/carers and children prior to selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) surgery and analyse change up to 2 years post surgery in goal attainment and quality of life (QoL).MethodThe Australian SDR Research Registry (trial registration: ACTRN12618000985280) was used to extract data for individualized goals, goal attainment and QoL based on the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) and the Cerebral Palsy Quality of Life Questionnaire for Children (CP QOL‐Child parent‐proxy) at baseline and 1 and 2 years following SDR. Change in mean scores was analysed using linear mixed models.ResultsFifty‐two children had COPM scores at baseline and 1 and/or 2 years post, of which 28 had two QoL scores. COPM problem areas included leisure (n = 39), productivity (n = 37) and self‐care (n = 173). The most common goals were walking (26.1%), participation in physical activities (17.7%) and transitions (14.1%). Mean COPM scores improved significantly between baseline to 1 year and baseline to 2 years (P < 0.001). Mean QoL scores improved between baseline to 1 year for functional QoL domains: participation and physical health (P = 0.003) and pain and impact of disability (P = 0.011).ConclusionsCollaborative goal setting is an integral part of family‐centred rehabilitation practice. The COPM was an appropriate individualized outcome measure in identifying meaningful goals for our SDR cohort. Results demonstrate improved scores in goal attainment and improvement in functional QoL domains. This paper highlights the need to include outcomes that measure daily life experiences.
A translational application of music for preschool cognitive development: RCT evidence for improved executive function, self‐regulation, and school readiness
Authors: Bentley Laura A. , Eager Rebecca , Savage Sally , Nielson Cathy , White Sonia L. J. , Williams Kate E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe benefits of active music participation and training for cognitive development have been evidenced in multiple studies, with this link leveraged in music therapy approaches with clinical populations. Although music, rhythm, and movement activities are widely integrated into children's play and early education, few studies have systematically translated music therapy‐based approaches to a nonclinical population to support early cognitive development. This study reports the follow‐up effects of the Rhythm and Movement for Self Regulation (RAMSR) program delivered by generalist preschool teachers in low socioeconomic communities. This randomized control trial (RCT) involved 213 children across eight preschools in disadvantaged communities in Queensland, Australia. The intervention group received 16–20 sessions of RAMSR over 8 weeks, while the control group undertook usual preschool programs. Primary outcome measures included executive function (child assessment of shifting, working memory, and inhibition) and self‐regulation (teacher report), with secondary outcomes of school readiness and visual‐motor integration. Data were collected pre‐ and post‐intervention, and again 6 months later once children had transitioned into school. Results demonstrated significant intervention effects across the three time points for school readiness (p = 0.038, ηp2 = 0.09), self‐regulation (p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.08), and inhibition (p = 0.002 ηp2 = 0.23). Additionally, the feasibility of building capacity in teachers without any music background to successfully deliver the program was evidenced. These findings are important given that children from low socioeconomic backgrounds are more likely to need support for cognitive development yet have inequitable access to quality music and movement programs.Research Highlights
Initial effects of self‐regulation from a rhythm and movement program were sustained following transition into school for children from disadvantaged backgrounds.
Delayed effects of inhibition and school readiness from a rhythm and movement program appeared 6 months post‐intervention as children entered school.
Generalist teachers can successfully implement a rhythm and movement program, which boosts critical developmental cognitive skills.
Semaglutide delays 4‐hour gastric emptying in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and obesity
Authors: Jensterle Mojca , Ferjan Simona , Ležaič Luka , Sočan Aljaž , Goričar Katja , Zaletel Katja , Janez Andrej 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimTo evaluate the effect of once‐weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 1.0 mg on the late digestive period of gastric emptying (GE) after ingestion of a standardized solid test meal by using technetium scintigraphy, the reference method for this purpose.MethodsWe conducted a single‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial in 20 obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS; mean [range] age 35 [32.3‐40.8] years, body mass index 37 [30.7‐39.8] kg/m2) randomized to subcutaneous semaglutide 1.0 mg once weekly or placebo for 12 weeks. GE was assessed after ingestion of [99mTc] colloid in a pancake labelled with radiopharmaceutical by scintigraphy using sequential static imaging and dynamic acquisition at baseline and at Week 13. Estimation of GE was obtained by repeated imaging of remaining [99mTc] activity at fixed time intervals over the course of 4 hours after ingestion.ResultsFrom baseline to the study end, semaglutide increased the estimated retention of gastric contents by 3.5% at 1 hour, 25.5% at 2 hours, 38.0% at 3 hours and 30.0% at 4 hours after ingestion of the radioactively labelled solid meal. Four hours after ingestion, semaglutide retained 37% of solid meal in the stomach compared to no gastric retention in the placebo group (P = 0.002). Time taken for half the radiolabelled meal to empty from the stomach was significantly longer in the semaglutide group than the placebo group (171 vs. 118 min; P < 0.001).ConclusionSemaglutide markedly delayed 4‐hour GE in women with PCOS and obesity.
Homoarginine in the cardiovascular system: Pathophysiology and recent developments
Authors: Koch Vitali , Gruenewald Leon D. , Gruber‐Rouh Tatjana , Eichler Katrin , Leistner David M. , Mahmoudi Scherwin , Booz Christian , Bernatz Simon , D'Angelo Tommaso , Albrecht Moritz H. , Alizadeh Leona S. , Nour‐Eldin Nour‐Eldin A. , Scholtz Jan‐Erik , Yel Ibrahim , Vogl Thomas J. , März Winfried , Hardt Stefan E. , Martin Simon S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUpcoming experimental and epidemiological data have identified the endogenous non‐proteinogenic amino acid L‐homoarginine (L‐hArg) not only as a novel biomarker for cardiovascular disease but also as being directly involved in the pathogenesis of cardiac dysfunction. The association of low L‐hArg levels with adverse cardiovascular events and mortality has proposed the idea of nutritional supplementation to rescue pathways inversely associated with cardiovascular health. Subsequent clinical and experimental studies contributed significantly to our knowledge of potential effects on the cardiorenal axis, acting either as a biomarker or a cardiovascular active agent. In this review article, we provide a comprehensive summary of the L‐hArg metabolism, pathophysiological aspects, and current developments in the field of experimental and clinical evidence in favor of protective cardiovascular effects. Establishing a reliable biomarker to identify patients at high risk to die of cardiovascular disease represents one of the main goals for tackling this disease and providing individual therapeutic guidance.
TTLL11 gene is associated with sustained attention performance and brain networks: A genome‐wide association study of a healthy Chinese sample
Authors: Liu Hejun , Zhao Xiaoyu , Xue Gui , Chen Chuansheng , Dong Qi , Gao Xuping , Yang Li , Chen Chunhui 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGenetic studies on attention have mainly focused on children with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), so little systematic research has been conducted on genetic correlates of attention performance and their potential brain mechanisms among healthy individuals. The current study included a genome‐wide association study (GWAS, N = 1145 healthy young adults) aimed to identify genes associated with sustained attention and an imaging genetics study (an independent sample of 483 healthy young adults) to examine any identified genes' influences on brain function. The GWAS found that TTLL11 showed genome‐wide significant associations with sustained attention, with rs13298112 as the most significant SNP and the GG homozygotes showing more impulsive but also more focused responses than the A allele carriers. A retrospective examination of previously published ADHD GWAS results confirmed an un‐reported, small but statistically significant effect of TTLL11 on ADHD. The imaging genetics study replicated this association and showed that the TTLL11 gene was associated with resting state activity and connectivity of the somatomoter network, and can be predicted by dorsal attention network connectivity. Specifically, the GG homozygotes showed lower brain activity, weaker brain network connectivity, and non‐significant brain‐attention association compared to the A allele carriers. Expression database showed that expression of this gene is enriched in the brain and that the G allele is associated with lower expression level than the A allele. These results suggest that TTLL11 may play a major role in healthy individuals' attention performance and may also contribute to the etiology of ADHD.
An experimental study of trade‐offs between brood size and moult in the blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus)
Authors: Engebretsen Stein I. , Slagsvold Tore 
Published: December 2022

Life‐history theory predicts that whenever expensive activities overlap, there will be a trade‐off between the activities. In a field study of Blue TitsCyanistes caeruleusin Norway, we tested whether parental energy expenditure during reproduction affected timing of moult of primary feathers. Five days after hatching, we manipulated broods to contain either two (n = 10 broods) or 9–12 nestlings (n = 13). In contrast to previous studies, we measured stage of moult at two time points during the nestling period (7 and 14 days after hatching). The onset of moult in the male but not in the female was strongly affected by a reduction in brood size. Stage of moult did not differ between the experimental groups 7 days after hatching, but did after a further week. This difference was also evident when considering only males that had started moulting on day 7. Male moult score was not related to male age (yearling or older), body size (wing length, tarsus length) or hatching time (calendar date) of the brood. However, body condition, expressed as residuals of the regression of body mass on wing length, tended to be greater for parents of both sexes attending small broods than large broods. None of 23 females had initiated moult 7 days after hatching, and only two had done so by day 14. Surprisingly, moult did not seem to affect food provisioning by males relative to females. These results confirm previous studies of passerine birds, namely, that males may start moulting before females and that the moult can quickly be adjusted to the demands of brood‐rearing. The novel result in this case was that such demands affected not only the timing of moult onset but also its speed once it had started.
Taurine promotes B‐cell activation by interaction with the VH/VL framework regions of B‐cell receptor
Authors: Song Wanli , Li Xueying , Cao Hongyu , Wang Tiantong , Sun Yuhan , Fan Qingjie , Zahid Danish , Li Ming , Li Wenzhe 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTaurine (Tau) is a special sulphur‐containing amino acid and has been widely used as a dietary supplement. Although Tau exists in lymphocytes in large quantities, the physiological significance of Tau to modulate human immunity is unknown. In the present study, we first found that Tau regulates the B‐cell receptor (BCR)‐mediated signal transduction and induces the B cells activation. The IgG production of mice after ovalbumin immunization was also increased by Tau administration. Moreover, the isothermal titration calorimetry and surface plasmon resonance analysis have shown that Tau specifically bound to the IgG2a‐BCR. The Tau could bind to IgG F(ab′)2 regions via fluorescence spectroscopy analysis. In the molecular docking analysis, Tau bound to the framework regions (FRs) of variable region of the heavy chains (VH) and in the light chains (VL) of IgG2a‐BCR. Our results suggested that Tau could improve the activation of B cells by interaction with the VH/VL FRs of BCR.
Transition experiences of Middle Eastern midwives into Australian practice: A multiple case narrative study
Authors: Safari Kolsoom , McKenna Lisa , Davis Jenny 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimTo explore transition experiences of Middle Eastern qualified midwives into practice in Australia.DesignThis was a qualitative study using multiple case narrative approach underpinned by structuration theory.MethodsA total of 19 Middle Eastern qualified midwives from different states of Australia participated in this study. Individual semi‐structured interviews were conducted between November 2020 and September 2021, digitally recorded and then transcribed. Transcriptions were analysed in three stages, with three main categories generated in the second stage and a core category that was developed in third.ResultsEntering the Australian workforce, Middle Eastern qualified midwives had to reframe their professional identities to fit the new system by adjusting to three aspects of the practice, including preparation for practice, scope of practice and context of practice. While they were prepared by medically oriented curricula, worked in systems that had limitations for midwives to practise in antenatal and postnatal and lacked regulation standards, they learned to practise autonomously in their full scope in a standardized context in Australia.ConclusionMiddle Eastern qualified midwives in Australia re‐evaluated their practice in their home countries, realized the gaps and adjusted to new ways of practising in Australia.ImpactTo effectively use the potential of Middle Eastern midwives for workforce sustainability in Australia, support should be available to enable them to develop the necessary competencies for safe practice in Australia including provision of context‐specific transition programmes prior to registration and supporting mentorship after their integration into the Australian healthcare workforce.Patient or public contributionPatient or public contribution does not apply to this study as its purpose was to explore the transition experiences of Middle Eastern qualified midwives themselves.
Prevalence, defining characteristics, and predictors of the nursing diagnosis of spiritual distress in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: A longitudinal study
Authors: Martins Helga , Domingues Tiago Dias , Campos de Carvalho Emília , Timmins Fiona , Caldeira Sílvia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionCancer patients are exposed to several types of treatments, including chemotherapy. In this context, patients experience several nursing diagnoses, including spiritual distress. The definition of the diagnosis of spiritual distress is grounded in lack of meaning and purpose in life, a sense of suffering, and a feeling of disconnected.PurposeThe aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, sensitivity, specificity, and predictors of the nursing diagnosis of spiritual distress of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.DesignsThe study used a longitudinal questionnaire design with quarterly data collection points over a 12‐month period. Participants were recruited through random sampling, in an outpatients' setting in one oncology day unit in Portugal.FindingsThe highest prevalence of spiritual distress was found at 3 months after patients started chemotherapy. The highest value of specificity was lack of meaning in life and express suffering, and the highest values of sensitivity concerned spiritual distress diagnosis. The predictors of spiritual distress were express suffering, alienation, questioning meaning in life, lack of serenity, questioning the meaning of suffering, hopelessness, and lack of meaning in life.ConclusionsSpiritual distress is a human response that is current in patients undergoing chemotherapy, and the highest prevalence seems to occur at 3 months after commencing chemotherapy. Express suffering and lack of meaning in life play the role not only of defining characteristics (DC) in this study, but also of predictors in the diagnosis of spiritual distress.Clinical RelevanceThe identification of the prevalence, predictors, sensitivity, and specificity of the DC of the nursing diagnosis of spiritual distress in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy may facilitate nurses' clinical reasoning and improve the planning of nursing care in clinical practice in order to improve spiritual well‐being in cancer patients.