bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Embedded-probes diagnostics for the COMPASS upgrade tokamak: a concept
Authors: Dimitrova M. , Gerardin J. , Podolnik A. , Balner V. , Mitov M. , Adamek J. , Duran I. , Weinzettl V. , Veselovsky V. , Dejarnac R. , Komm M. , Hron M. , Panek R. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This article introduces a concept based on flush-mounted probes embedded in the limiters of the COMPASS-Upgrade tokamak. Main issues related to flush probe geometry are taken into account and discussed. Calculations of heat fluxes and the incident angle of the field lines on the different limiters using the PFCflux code are performed to support in probe arrangement optimization. Model current-voltage characteristics for a flush probe are simulated using the SPICE2 code and their dependence on the angle of incidence is studied. The results are used to predict the current to be collected by the flush probes for different magnetic fields and to examine the reliability of the proposed diagnostics. A discussion is included on the capability of the electronic system considered for the measurements.
Construction of PCL-collagen@PCL@PCL-gelatin three-layer small diameter artificial vascular grafts by electrospinning
Authors: Lu Xingjian , Zou Hao , Liao Xiaokun , Xiong Yue , Hu Xiaoyan , Cao Jun , Pan Jiaqi , Li Chaorong , Zheng Yingying 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The demand for artificial vascular grafts in clinical applications is increasing, and it is urgent to design a tissue-engineered vascular graft with good biocompatibility and sufficient mechanical strength. In this study, three-layer small diameter artificial vascular grafts were constructed by electrospinning. Polycaprolactone (PCL) and collagen (COL) were used as the inner layer to provide good biocompatibility and cell adhesion, the middle layer was PCL to improve the mechanical properties, and gelatin (GEL) and PCL were used to construct the outer layer for further improving the mechanical properties and biocompatibility of the vascular grafts in the human body environment. The electrospun artificial vascular graft had good biocompatibility and mechanical properties. Its longitudinal maximum stress reached 2.63 ± 0.12 MPa, which exceeded the maximum stress that many natural blood vessels could withstand. The fiber diameter of the vascular grafts was related to the proportion of components that made up the vascular grafts. In the inner structure of the vascular grafts, the hydrophilicity of the vascular grafts was enhanced by the addition of COL to the PCL, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) adhered more easily to the vascular grafts. In particular, the cytocompatibility and proliferation of HUVECs on the scaffold with an inner structure PCL:COL = 2:1 was superior to other ratios of vascular grafts. The vascular grafts did not cause hemolysis of red blood cells. Thus, the bionic PCL-COL@PCL@PCL-GEL composite graft is a promising material for vascular tissue engineering.
Cancer survivors and adverse work outcomes: associated factors and supportive interventions
Authors: de Boer Angela G E M , de Wind Astrid , Coenen Pieter , van Ommen Fenna , Greidanus Michiel A , Zegers Amber D , Duijts Saskia F A , Tamminga Sietske J 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe number of cancer survivors in a working age is rising. An awareness of factors associated with adverse work outcomes, and of supportive interventions, is needed.Sources of dataA narrative review of research obtained via several databases, including Medline and PsycINFO, was conducted.Areas of agreementA range of factors is associated with adverse work outcomes such as prolonged sick leave, delayed return to work, disability pension and unemployment in cancer survivors. They include the cancer type and treatment, fatigue, cognitive functioning, work factors and elements of health care systems. Effective supportive interventions encompass physical and multicomponent interventions.Areas of controversyThe role of behaviour determinants and legislative and insurance systems is unclear. It is furthermore uncertain what the optimal timing of delivering supportive interventions is.Growing pointsFurther focus on vulnerable groups, including specific cancer types and those with lower income, lower educational level and in precarious employment, is needed.Areas timely for developing researchRecent developments are tailored and timely interventions.
Management of Drug-Drug Interactions Between Long-Acting Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine and Comedications With Inducing Properties: A Modeling Study
Authors: Bettonte Sara , Berton Mattia , Stader Felix , Battegay Manuel , Marzolini Catia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundLong-acting (LA) intramuscular cabotegravir and rilpivirine are prone to drug-drug interactions (DDI). However, given the long dosing interval, the conduct of clinical DDIs studies with LA antiretrovirals is challenging. We performed virtual clinical DDI studies using physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling to provide recommendations for the management of DDIs with strong or moderate inducers such as rifampicin or rifabutin.MethodsEach DDI scenario included a cohort of virtual individuals (50% female) between 20 and 50 years of age with a body mass index of 18–30 kg/m2. Cabotegravir and rilpivirine were given alone and in combination with rifampicin or rifabutin. The predictive performance of the PBPK model to simulate cabotegravir and rilpivirine pharmacokinetics after oral and intramuscular administration and to reproduce DDIs with rifampicin and rifabutin was first verified against available observed clinical data. The verified model was subsequently used to simulate unstudied DDI scenarios.ResultsAt steady state, the strong inducer rifampicin was predicted to decrease the area under the curve (AUC) of LA cabotegravir by 61% and rilpivirine by 38%. An increase in the dosing frequency did not overcome the DDI with rifampicin. The moderate inducer rifabutin was predicted to reduce the AUC of LA cabotegravir by 16% and rilpivirine by 18%. The DDI with rifabutin can be overcome by administering LA cabotegravir/rilpivirine monthly together with a daily oral rilpivirine dose of 25 mg.ConclusionsLA cabotegravir/rilpivirine should be avoided with strong inducers but coadministration with moderate inducers is possible by adding oral rilpivirine daily dosing to the monthly injection.
Setting your clock: associations between timing of objective physical activity and cardiovascular disease risk in the general population
Authors: Albalak Gali , Stijntjes Marjon , van Bodegom David , Jukema J Wouter , Atsma Douwe E , van Heemst Diana , Noordam Raymond 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Aims
Little is known about the impact of daily physical activity timing (here referred to as ‘chronoactivity’) on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. We aimed to examined the associations between chronoactivity and multiple CVD outcomes in the UK Biobank.

Methods and results
physical activity data were collected in the UK-Biobank through triaxial accelerometer over a 7-day measurement period. We used K-means clustering to create clusters of participants with similar chronoactivity irrespective of the mean daily intensity of the physical activity. Multivariable-adjusted Cox-proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) comparing the different clusters adjusted for age and sex (model 1), and baseline cardiovascular risk factors (model 2). Additional stratified analyses were done by sex, mean activity level, and self-reported sleep chronotype. We included 86 657 individuals (58% female, mean age: 61.6 [SD: 7.8] years, mean BMI: 26.6 [4.5] kg/m2). Over a follow-up period of 6 years, 3707 incident CVD events were reported. Overall, participants with a tendency of late morning physical activity had a lower risk of incident coronary artery disease (HR: 0.84, 95%CI: 0.77, 0.92) and stroke (HR: 0.83, 95%CI: 0.70, 0.98) compared to participants with a midday pattern of physical activity. These effects were more pronounced in women (P-value for interaction = 0.001). We did not find evidence favouring effect modification by total activity level and sleep chronotype.

Conclusion
Irrespective of total physical activity, morning physical activity was associated with lower risks of incident cardiovascular diseases, highlighting the potential importance of chronoactivity in CVD prevention.
Is rare cancer care organized at national health system level? Multiple case study in six EU countries
Authors: Prades Joan , Trama Annalisa , Casali Paolo G , Emile Jean-Francois , Gaspar Nathalie , Janavicius Ramunas , Jančiauskienė Rasa , Karjalainen Sakari , Kopeckova Katerina , Pylkkänen Liisa , Svoboda Marek , Borras Josep M 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
As a system of European Reference Networks (ERNs) emerges, the differences in quality of care for patients with rare cancers may increase at national level. We aimed to elucidate the processes and healthcare planning principles through which the reference centres (RCs) for rare cancers are embedded in national health systems.

Methods
We used a multiple case-study design based on the experiences of Czechia, Finland, France, Italy, Lithuania and Spain. Using sarcoma as an example of rare cancer, 52 semi-structured interviews were conducted during on-site visits, including a multidisciplinary group of professionals, Ministry of Health professionals, patient representatives and European policymakers.

Results
The comparative analysis showed substantial heterogeneity in the processes for formalizing RCs’ status and in their levels of integration in the different health systems, but two models (centre-based and the network-based) can be envisaged at national level. RCs for rare cancers were legally established only in France and Spain. Expert clinicians cooperate in a structured way, using network mechanisms, in France and Italy, and these countries, plus Finland and Lithuania, had a referral system to facilitate patients’ access from non-expert centres to RCs. Seven key healthcare planning principles in instituting RCs at the national level were identified.

Conclusions
The conditions governing patient access to treatment centres—whether RCs or not—are decided at the national level. It is advisable to progressively align the European and national levels so that the RCs that participate in the ERNs also play a significant role at the national level.
Differentiation of qualified tea beverages from spoiled ones by the LC-MS–based analysis of their polycarboxylic acids
Authors: Kang Yuting , Li Chenghua , Li Huiru , Li Jing , Jiang Kezhi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Polycarboxylic acids (PACs) are important metabolic products in almost all living bodies, yet current analytical methods for detection of PACs in tea beverages are still unsatisfactory due to the complex matrix and physicochemical properties of PACs. In this work, a rapid method was developed for the simultaneous determination of 7 PACs, including tartaric acid, α-ketoglutaric acid, malic acid, malonic acid, cis-aconitic acid, succinic acid, and fumaric acid, in beverages, based on selective removal of the matrix in combination with liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. By stirring with activated carbon and the Na2CO3 solution, the matrix in beverages was selectively removed, and PACs were almost retained in the supernatant of diluted Na2CO3 solution. Under optimized parameters, the limit of quantitation for the PACs was in the range of 1–50 ng/mL, and the content of the PACs in 8 beverages was determined with the recovery range of 72.2%–122.5%. The contents of malic acid, malonic acid, and succinic acid in tea beverages were found to be greater than those in non-tea beverages. Moreover, the concentration of these PACs in beverages was found to be multiplied many times in their deterioration period, especially for fumaric acid and α-ketoglutaric acid. These results indicated that PACs can be selected as a criterion to differentiate qualified tea beverages from spoiled beverages.
Effects of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product-supplemented diet on fecal characteristics, oxidative stress, and blood gene expression of adult dogs undergoing transport stress
Authors: Wilson Sofia M , Oba Patricia M , Applegate Catherine C , Koziol Samantha A , Panasevich Matthew R , Norton Sharon A , Swanson Kelly S 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Previously, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product (SCFP) was shown to positively alter fecal microbiota, fecal metabolites, oxidative stress, and circulating immune cell function of adult dogs. The objective of this study was to measure the effects of SCFP on fecal characteristics, serum oxidative stress biomarkers, and whole blood gene expression of dogs undergoing transport stress. Sixteen adult pointer dogs [8M, 8F; mean age = 6.7 ± 2.1 yr; mean body weight (BW) = 25.5 ± 3.9 kg] were used in a randomized crossover design study. All dogs were fed a control diet for 4 wk, then randomly assigned to a control or SCFP-supplemented diet (formulated to include approximately 0.13% of the active SCFP ingredient) and fed to maintain BW for 11 wk. A 6-wk washout preceded the second 11-wk experimental period with dogs receiving opposite treatments. After 11 wk, fresh fecal and blood samples were collected before and after transport in a van for 45 min. Change from baseline data (i.e., before and after transport) were analyzed using the Mixed Models procedure of SAS 9.4, with P &lt; 0.05 being significant and P &lt; 0.10 being trends. Change in serum malondialdehyde concentrations increased (P &lt; 0.05) and serum 8-isoprostane concentrations tended to increase (P &lt; 0.10) in dogs fed SCFP, but decreased (P &lt; 0.05) in control dogs after transport. Other serum markers were unaffected by diet during transport stress. Fecal dry matter percentage tended to be affected (P &lt; 0.10) by diet during transport stress, being reduced in control dogs, but stable in dogs fed SCFP. Other fecal characteristics were unaffected by diet during transport stress. Genes associated with activation of innate immunity were impacted by diet in response to transport stress, with blood cyclooxygenase-2 and malondialdehyde mRNA expression being increased (P &lt; 0.05) in control dogs, but stable or decreased in dogs fed SCFP. Expression of other genes was unaffected by diet during transport stress. These data suggest that the benefits of feeding a SCFP during transport stress may be mediated through suppression of innate immune cell activation.
Geographical Variation of Cuticular Hydrocarbon Profiles of Adult Flies and Empty Puparia Amongst Three Populations of Calliphora vicina (Diptera: Calliphoridae)
Authors: Kula Canan , Amendt Jens , Drijfhout Falko P , Moore Hannah E 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Blowflies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) are of great importance in forensic entomology and in determining the minimum post-mortem interval, as they may be the first group of insects to colonize decomposing remains. Reliable species identification is an essential prerequisite. Classically, morphological characters or DNA sequences are used for this purpose. However, depending on the species and the condition of the specimen, this can be difficult, e.g., in the case of empty fly puparia. Recent studies have shown that cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) profiles are species-specific in necrophagous taxa and represent another promising tool for identification. However, the population-specific variability of these substances as a function of e.g., local climatic parameters has not yet been sufficiently investigated. The aim of this study was to determine the geographical variation of CHC profiles of the blowfly Calliphora vicina (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) depending on different countries of origin. Flies were reared in the United Kingdom, Germany, and Turkey in common garden experiments under ambient conditions. CHC profiles of the resulting adult flies and their empty puparia were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Data were visualized by principal component analysis and clustered by population. The populations of the United Kingdom and Germany, both having similar climates and being geographically close to each other, showed greater similarities in CHC profiles. However, the CHC profile of the Turkish population, whose climate is significantly different from the other two populations, was very different. Our study confirms the high potential of CHC analysis in forensic entomology but highlights the need to investigate geographical variability in chemical profiles.
Hydroxyapatite-binding Silver/Titanium Dioxide as a Potential Control Compound Against Mosquito Vectors, Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) and Anopheles dirus (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors: Srisawat Raweewan , Sriwichai Patchara , Ruangsittichai Jiraporn , Rotejanaprasert Chawarat , Imaizumi Naoko , Yamaki Dai , Maekawa Maki , Eshita Yuki , Okazaki Narumi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Controlling mosquitoes is vital for counteracting the rising number of mosquito-borne illnesses. Vector control requires the implementation of various measures; however, current methods lack complete effectiveness, and new control agents or substances are urgently needed. Therefore, this study developed a nonwoven fabric sheet coated with hydroxyapatite-binding silver/titanium dioxide compound (hydroxyapatite-binding silver/titanium dioxide sheet [HATS])and evaluated its effectiveness on all stages of laboratory Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus); Diptera: Culicidae and Anopheles dirus (Peyton & Harrison); Diptera: Culicidae. We reared larvae with HATS and control sheets and assessed their mortality, emergence, and hatching rates. The submersion rates of engorged female mosquitoes in submerged HATS and control sheets were also compared. The HATS strongly affected mosquito development, resulting in high mortality rates (mean ± SE) of 99.66 ± 0.58% (L1–L2) and 91.11 ± 9.20% (L3–L4) for Ae. aegypti and 100% of both stages for An. dirus. In contrast, mosquitoes raised in the control sheet showed relatively high survival rates of 92.33 ± 3.21% (L1–L2) and 95.67 ± 0.58% (L3–L4) for Ae. aegypti and 86.07 ± 3.53% (L1–L2) and 92.01 ± 8.67% (L3–L4) for An. dirus. Submersion of engorged females was found in the HATS oviposition cup, leading to a decreased number of eggs and a low hatching rate compared to that of the control. Overall, HATS may be a useful new control method for Ae. aegypti and An. dirus.
A case of occipital spindle cell lipoma: a case report
Authors: Tamamine Shunya , Himejima Tomoki , Mitsui Toshihito , Masuoka Hiromu , Hihara Masakatsu , Kakudo Natsuko 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Spindle cell lipoma (SCL) is a subtype of lipoma first defined by Enzinger; it accounts for ~1.5% of all fatty tumors. Most cases occur in the posterior neck and shoulders of middle-aged men and rarely in women or the occiput. A 41-year-old woman presented to us with complaints of a mass on her left occiput which had slowly grown in size over six years. We excised the tumor, and pathological findings confirmed the diagnosis of SCL. There was no recurrence one year after the surgery.
ANGI-06. CRISPRI SCREEN USING 3D BIOMIMETICS TO IDENTIFY NOVEL MARKERS OF GLIOBLASTOMA INVASION
Authors: Jain Saket , Akins Erin , Garcia Joseph , Kumar Sanjay , Aghi Manish 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Despite the aggressive treatment regimen, patients with GBM have a very poor prognosis, with a median survival of less than 2 years. The main reason behind this poor survival is the infiltration of tumor cells into the surrounding normal tissue. These infiltrative cells escape both surgical resection and radiation therapy, leading to inevitable tumor recurrence. Current approaches have failed to recognize that infiltrating GBM cells extending beyond the tumor edge have evolved a unique adaptive cellular machinery due to local stressors in their microenvironment. Unfortunately, these cells at the invasive tumor front are often not the ones sampled in studies analyzing banked tumor tissue, Second, most studies of invasion have used two-dimensional (2D) culture systems coated with a thin layer of extracellular matrix proteins, which fail to capture the dimensionality, mechanics, and heterogeneity of GBM invasion. We addressed these limitations by using an advanced CRISPRi druggable genome screen to identify novel druggable markers of GBM invasion in a 3D engineered biomimetic model comprised of Hyaluronic Acid (HA) based matrix. To better understand druggable pathways underlying GBM invasion, we performed a large-scale CRISPRi screen with a sgRNA library that targets the druggable human genome (2,550 genes). In the primary screen, sgRNAs targeting 12 genes were enriched in the non-invasive fraction. Out of these 12 genes, 8 genes are associated with cellular metabolism or chromosome assembly. We then validated these 8 genes using small molecule inhibitors in our 3D-gel sphere cultures, from which we identified four druggable targets, SOD-1 and NDUFV2 associated with mitochondrial metabolism and AURKB and ACP1 related to centromere assembly and chromosome segregation. In follow-up to these novel findings linking mitochondrial metabolism and centromere assembly to GBM invasion, our next steps are to identify the mechanism linking these genes to GBM cell invasion followed by validation in vivo.
ANGI-07. THE DUAL ROLE CD97 PLAYS IN GLIOBLASTOMA INVASION AND PROLIFERATION
Authors: Slepak Tania , Eichberg Daniel , Guyot Manuela , Walters Winston , Komotar Ricardo , Ivan Michael 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

INTRODUCTION
Increased levels of adhesion G Protein-Coupled Receptor(GPCR) CD97 have been detected in multiple metastatic cancers. Glioblastoma(GBM), also overexpress this receptor, and its levels positively correlate with more aggressive GBM invasion. Here, using primary human GBM cells we investigated the effects of CD97 knockdown and overexpression in-vitro and in-vivo.

METHODS
CD97 consists of two distinct domains: the large extracellular fragment interacting with ECM and other cell surface receptors and the GPCR core that activates heterotrimeric G Proteins G12/13. To investigate the mechanism of action of CD97, we generated a CD97 knockdown (shCD97) and overexpression (CD97-WT) constructs. Additionally, we generated two functional mutants: a constitutively active mutant lacking the N-Terminus (dNTF) and dominant-negative mutant (H436A) that cannot activate G-Proteins downstream. Glioma Stem Cells(GSC) were transduced by control and CD97 lentiviral constructs and implanted into mouse brains. Once tumors formed the brains were harvested, sliced, and immunostained to evaluate invasion and proliferation. Comparing mutants to control, dunnett’s multiple comparisons test was used for statistical analysis.

RESULTS
Similar to CD97-WT, we found that both dNTF and H436A, increase tumor volume(p&lt; 0.05). In contrast, the shCD97 mutant decreased tumor size(p&lt; 0.05). Interestingly, only dNTF significantly increased tumor cell proliferation(p&lt; 0.005), yet CD97-WT and H436A affected proliferation of non-tumor cells in the tumor bulk, indicating that this process requires the N-Terminus Fragment. In addition, over-expression of CD97-WT dramatically increases tumor invasion along myelinated fibers of corpus collosum, and tumor spread in the brain tissue(p&lt; 0.05). Yet, the H436A mutant produced large, compact, and non-invasive tumors with sharp borders(p&lt; 0.05) indicating that cell migration requires activation of G12/13. Surprisingly, immunostaining revealed that CD97 knockdown cells displayed invasive phenotype.

CONCLUSIONS
Our results demonstrate the dual role CD97 plays in GBM invasion and proliferation, alluding to the molecular mechanisms that can potentially be targeted in GBM treatment.