bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Benefits of Wetlands and Attitudes of Local Communities towards Wetland Conservation in Southwest Ethiopia Peoples' Region
Authors: Tolossa Tesfaye , Bakala Fayera , Alemkere Azmeraw , Fite Yeshi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This study was conducted in the Sheyebench and South Bench Woredas of the Bench-Sheko zone and Masha Woreda of the Sheka zone in southwest Ethiopia. In this study Chega-Gawussi wetland from Masha, Chonkie-Shinkie wetland from Sheybench and Lake Dembi South Bench Woredas were selected. In this both primary and secondary data were used. Primary data were collected from randomly interviewed households living in the vicinity of the selected wetlands. The main objective of interview highly revolves around benefits and attitudes of local communities towards conservation of wetlands. Collected data were analyzed using 5-point Likert scale to analyze benefits and attitudes respondents towards wetland conservation. SPSS© and Microsoft excel©. The result of study revealed that wetlands in the study area provide wide range of uses for local communities, such as livestock grazing, irrigation, recreation, grass and forage harvesting, water sources for livestock and domestic uses, fish harvesting, and firewood collection. Majority of respondents agreed that wetlands are important and offer various services. Despite the studied wetlands offer numerous benefits to the local communities, they were under human pressure due to farmland expansion, deforestation, expansion of eucalyptus plantation, silting from adjacent farmlands, and overgrazing. Local community has positive attitude towards wetland conservation, and therefore the office of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Forestry and Environmental Protection, and Biodiversity Conservation should work collaboratively to initiate and mobilize local communities to conserve wetlands and to reduce pressures on wetland resources,
Analysis of risk factors for postoperative cognitive dysfunction in older patients undergoing surgery for oral malignancies
Authors: Wu Yujia , Yu Cong , Gao Feng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to analyse the incidence and risk factors associated with postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) after malignant tumour resection and cervical lymphatic dissection in older adults undergoing oral and maxillofacial surgery. Methods: A total of 112 older patients (aged≥ 55 years) were selected for extended resection of descending oral malignancies at the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from December 2020 to December 2021. Participants were cognitively evaluated using the neuropsychological test scale one day preceding and seven days after the surgery to determine whether they had developed POCD. Based on whether POCD occurred after seven days,patients were divided into the POCD and non-POCD groups. Logistic regression was applied to perioperative factors to analyse the risk factors for POCD onset. Results: Seven days following surgery for oral malignancy, there were 37 (33.1%) POCD morbidities. Multiple factor logistic regression analysis revealed that age (OR=1.269, 95%CI 1.056-1.525, P<0.05), low education levels (OR=0.792, 95%CI 0.644-0.974, P<0.05), hypertension (OR=4.153, 95%CI1.335-12.732, P<0.05), dyssomnia (OR=1.272, 95%CI 1.001-1.617, P<0.05), prolonged anaesthesia (OR=1.009, 95%CI 1.001-1.018, P<0.05), and intraoperative hypotension (OR=5.512, 95%CI 1.240-24.506, P<0.05) increased the risk of POCD in older patients who underwent surgery for oral malignancies. Conclusion: Venerable age, low knowledge reserve, hypertension, dyssomnia, prolonged anaesthesia, and intraoperative hypotension are independent risk factors for POCD in older patients with oral malignancies.
Refractive index EV sensor based on conventional and mirror image 1D defective photonic crystal designs: Theoretical Study
Authors: Devi Parimala , Awasthi Suneet K. , Alipour-Banaei Hamed , Ramanujam Nambi Ramachary 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In the present study, we have investigated the sensing and detection mechanism of refractive index for extracellular vesicles from various EV samples by using the conventional and mirror image 1D defective photonic crystal designs. The transfer matrix method has been used to analyze the transmission properties of both structures at normal incidence. The performance of the proposed designs have been verified by measuring the shift in position of the defect mode inside PBGs of respective structures depending upon the change in refractive index of various EV samples and also by comparing the observed data with the experimentally available standard data. Moreover mirror image 1D defective PC design found suitable to be used as an alternative of 1D APC without defect with air core in which propagation of electromagnetic waves is along the radial direction. Finally we have compared the sensing and detection features of both designs made up of a conventional and mirror image 1D defective PCs. It has been noticed that the mirror image defective structure provides a narrow transmission peak of 100% inside the PBG. This remarkable feature of mirror image photonic sensing design may be utilized to develop various sensors ofwith high sensitivity, large values of FOM & Q factors and low LOD values. Such high performance bio-sensor with better achievements may be very useful in chemical and biological detection.
Treatment of domestic greywater using fly ash as an adsorbent incorporated in a slow sand filtration system
Authors: Siwila Stephen , Kapesa Emmanuel 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study investigated the use of fly ash for treatment of domestic greywater when incorporated in a small-scale slow sand filtration (SSF) system. The system was designed, constructed, and tested for treating domestic grey water for irrigation purposes. Configuration A of the system contained sand and gravel only, while configuration B contained fly ash, sand, and gravel. The greywater samples used to test the designed system were collected from the student hostels at the Copperbelt University in Zambia. Additionally, physical and chemical characterisation of the fly ash was done and all key characteristics are presented under the results and discussion section. The system that contained fly ash considerably improved the greywater quality for irrigation purposes by reducing turbidity by 95%, colour by 98%, and chloride by 49% and increasing dissolved oxygen by 33%. However, pH, total dissolved solids, and electrical conductivity were observed to be slightly higher in the treated greywater effluent. The slight increase in these parameters is suspected to have been caused by possible leaching from the the fly ash. Therefore, obtaining fly ash from sources that may not cause any increase in the said parameters in the treated effluent is recommended to maintain compliance with irrigation water quality.
A critical review on clay-based nanocomposite particles for application of wastewater treatment
Authors: Ayalew Adane Adugna 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Nanotechnology plays an important function in recent environmental aspects for the elimination of contaminants in the ecosystem. In recent times, nano-clay has initiated more concentration because of its distinctive physicochemical properties and characteristics. Recently, many types of research in clay-based nanocomposite were accomplished in the elimination of pollutants from water sources. Nanocomposite materials have advanced properties useful for contaminat removal such as higher surface area, thermal stability, selectivity to remove different contaminants, improved process ability, and fast decontamination. Thus, the development of clay-based composite materials is one of the upcoming directions to use effectively in water and wastewater treatment as adsorbent nanomaterials. This paper assesses the latest achievement in clay-based nanocomposite preparation, material property analysis and function for various pollutant removals. In particular, great consideration was paid to the recent progress in clay/metallic, clay-polymer, and clay-carbon composites presenting their application in the removal of different kinds of pollutants. Moreover, the mechanism of adsorption, the challenges and future perspective were also discussed to reach the optimum performance of the nanomaterials adsorbent. It is confirmed that clay-based nanocomposite materials are more cost-effective technology than conventional treatment methods.
A Google Trends Approach to Identify Distinct Diurnal and Day-of-Week Web-Based Search Patterns Related to Conjunctivitis and Other Common Eye Conditions: Infodemiology Study
Authors: Deiner Michael S , Kaur Gurbani , McLeod Stephen D , Schallhorn Julie M , Chodosh James , Hwang Daniel H , Lietman Thomas M , Porco Travis C 
Published: May 2022

Background
Studies suggest diurnal patterns of occurrence of some eye conditions. Leveraging new information sources such as web-based search data to learn more about such patterns could improve the understanding of patients’ eye-related conditions and well-being, better inform timing of clinical and remote eye care, and improve precision when targeting web-based public health campaigns toward underserved populations.

Objective
To investigate our hypothesis that the public is likely to consistently search about different ophthalmologic conditions at different hours of the day or days of week, we conducted an observational study using search data for terms related to ophthalmologic conditions such as conjunctivitis. We assessed whether search volumes reflected diurnal or day-of-week patterns and if those patterns were distinct from each other.

Methods
We designed a study to analyze and compare hourly search data for eye-related and control search terms, using time series regression models with trend and periodicity terms to remove outliers and then estimate diurnal effects. We planned a Google Trends setting, extracting data from 10 US states for the entire year of 2018. The exposure was internet search, and the participants were populations who searched through Google’s search engine using our chosen study terms. Our main outcome measures included cyclical hourly and day-of-week web-based search patterns. For statistical analyses, we considered P<.001 to be statistically significant.

Results
Distinct diurnal (P<.001 for all search terms) and day-of-week search patterns for eye-related terms were observed but with differing peak time periods and cyclic strengths. Some diurnal patterns represented those reported from prior clinical studies. Of the eye-related terms, “pink eye” showed the largest diurnal amplitude-to-mean ratios. Stronger signal was restricted to and peaked in mornings, and amplitude was higher on weekdays. By contrast, “dry eyes” had a higher amplitude diurnal pattern on weekends, with stronger signal occurring over a broader evening-to-morning period and peaking in early morning.

Conclusions
The frequency of web-based searches for various eye conditions can show cyclic patterns according to time of the day or week. Further studies to understand the reasons for these variations may help supplement the current clinical understanding of ophthalmologic symptom presentation and improve the timeliness of patient messaging and care interventions.
Conceptual Invariance, Trajectories, and Outcome Associations of Working Alliance in Unguided and Guided Internet-Based Psychological Interventions: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Luo Xiaochen , Bugatti Matteo , Molina Lucero , Tilley Jacqueline L , Mahaffey Brittain , Gonzalez Adam 
Published: May 2022

Background
The role of working alliance remains unclear for many forms of internet-based interventions (IBIs), a set of effective psychotherapy alternatives that do not require synchronous interactions between patients and therapists.

Objective
This study examined the conceptual invariance, trajectories, and outcome associations of working alliance across an unguided IBI and guided IBIs that incorporated clinician support through asynchronous text messaging or video messaging.

Methods
Adults with high education attainment (n=145) with subclinical levels of anxiety, stress, or depressive symptoms were randomized to 1 of 3 treatment conditions for 7 weeks. All participants received treatments from MyCompass, an unguided IBI using cognitive behavior therapy. Participants in condition 2 and 3 received supplemental, asynchronous clinician support through text and video, respectively. Working alliance with the IBIs was measured weekly using select items from the 12-item version of the Agnew Relationship Measure. Symptom and functional outcomes were assessed at baseline, at the end of treatment, and 1-month follow-up.

Results
Working alliance with the IBIs was conceptually invariant across the 3 conditions. Working alliance followed a quadratic pattern of change over time for all conditions and declined significantly only in the text-support condition. After controlling for baseline symptoms, higher baseline levels of working alliance predicted less depression and less functional impairment at follow-up, whereas faster increases in working alliance predicted less worry at the end of treatment and at follow-up, all of which only occurred in the video-support condition.

Conclusions
Working alliance with the IBIs was generally established in the initial sessions. Although working alliance is conceptually invariant across IBIs with or without clinician support, the associations between working alliance and treatment outcomes among IBIs may differ depending on clinician involvement and the modalities of support.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05122429; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05122429
A voz oracular de Francisco Carvalho
Authors: Suttana Renato Nésio 
Published: May 2022

Neste artigo, a poesia do poeta brasileiro Francisco Carvalho é estudada sob a perspectiva das suas aquisições formais, considerando-se o seu desenvolvimento temporal ao longo de seis décadas, e das características do imaginário que a perpassa. Partindo da ideia de que nela se realiza um encontro de tradições – no qual os ecos do Classicismo português se mesclam a uma linguagem francamente moderna ou derivada dos códigos da escrita modernista, amalgamados pela dicção própria do poeta, em que o diálogo entre tais elementos se afirma como vetor predominante, buscamos compreender o modo como certas imagens da vida empiricamente vivida, com suas determinações de tempo e lugar, encontram na palavra poética do autor o seu contorno e o seu acabamento. A vida, nessas condições, não termina, mas também não começa, pois a abertura da obra no âmbito do imaginário a expande em todas as direções. Instaura-se assim um tempo de exílio que será tanto o tempo do mito e do imaginário, quanto o tempo daquilo que chamamos aqui de uma fala profética ou oracular, que não se deixa aprisionar pelas compartimentações da razão ou da memória. O voo da palavra escapa, sempre, para uma outra dimensão, onde todo evento de enunciação se converte imediatamente numa abertura ou numa ultrapassagem. Objetiva-se, no estudo, a partir da análise e do comentário da trajetória poética de Francisco Carvalho, compreender essas relações e interrogar o seu sentido.
Discutindo níveis de generalização na gramática de construções baseada no uso: a rede construcional [(x) chegar sn]foc no PB
Authors: De Freitas Junior Roberto , Da Silva Nascimento João Paulo , Mouta Marques Priscilla , Gonçalves Albernaz Isabela Maria 
Published: May 2022

RESUMO: O artigo apresenta um estudo sobre a rede taxonômica [(X) CHEGAR SN]FOC no Português do Brasil (PB) e as relações de herança mantidas entre o esquema [(X)VSN]FOC, o subesquema [(X) CHEGAR SN]FOC e microconstruções [(X) CHEGAR SN]FOC com propriedades próprias de forma e sentido. O trabalho se desenvolve a partir do modelo da Gramática de Construções Baseada no Uso (GCBU), associado à Linguística Cognitivo-Funcional, que defende a emergência da gramática como processo resultante da experiência com o uso da língua e da atuação dos Processos Cognitivos de Domínio Geral. Argumentamos a favor de uma representação em rede de microconstruções [(X) CHEGAR SN]FOC - de sentido apresentacional de tempo, evento e referentes inespecíficos -, ligadas ao esquema [(X) CHEGAR SN]FOC - de sentido introdutório/apresentacional -, por sua vez, ligado ao padrão mais abstrato [(X)VSN]FOC - de natureza pragmática fortemente associada à informatividade, em particular à focalização. Assim, o artigo discute limites e possibilidades para a representação cognitiva da gramática, em uma perspectiva bottom-up de aquisição da linguagem, pautando-se no compromisso com o realismo psicológico e os limites da categorização. Ainda, a discussão tangencia os pressupostos apresentados em Perek (2015) acerca da hipótese da valência verbal baseada no uso e da emergência de novas representações de maior grau de emancipação e acessibilidade cognitiva.
An Atypical Form of Diabetes Among Individuals With Low BMI
Authors: Lontchi-Yimagou Eric , Dasgupta Riddhi , Anoop Shajith , Kehlenbrink Sylvia , Koppaka Sudha , Goyal Akankasha , Venkatesan Padmanaban , Livingstone Roshan , Ye Kenny , Chapla Aaron , Carey Michelle , Jose Arun , Rebekah Grace , Wickramanayake Anneka , Joseph Mini , Mathias Priyanka , Manavalan Anjali , Kurian Mathews Edatharayil , Inbakumari Mercy , Christina Flory , Stein Daniel , Thomas Nihal , Hawkins Meredith 
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVEDiabetes among individuals with low BMI (&lt;19 kg/m2) has been recognized for &gt;60 years as a prevalent entity in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and was formally classified as “malnutrition-related diabetes mellitus” by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1985. Since the WHO withdrew this category in 1999, our objective was to define the metabolic characteristics of these individuals to establish that this is a distinct form of diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSState-of-the-art metabolic studies were used to characterize Indian individuals with “low BMI diabetes” (LD) in whom all known forms of diabetes were excluded by immunogenetic analysis. They were compared with demographically matched groups: a group with type 1 diabetes (T1D), a group with type 2 diabetes (T2D), and a group without diabetes. Insulin secretion was assessed by C-peptide deconvolution. Hepatic and peripheral insulin sensitivity were analyzed with stepped hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic pancreatic clamp studies. Hepatic and myocellular lipid contents were assessed with 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.RESULTSThe total insulin secretory response was lower in the LD group in comparison with the lean group without diabetes and the T2D group. Endogenous glucose production was significantly lower in the LD group than the T2D group (mean ± SEM 0.50 ± 0.1 vs. 0.84 ± 0.1 mg/kg · min, respectively; P &lt; 0.05). Glucose uptake was significantly higher in the LD group in comparison with the T2D group (10.1 ± 0.7 vs. 4.2 ± 0.5 mg/kg · min; P &lt; 0.001). Visceral adipose tissue and hepatocellular lipids were significantly lower in LD than in T2D.CONCLUSIONSThese studies are the first to demonstrate that LD individuals in LMICs have a unique metabolic profile, suggesting that this is a distinct entity that warrants further investigation.
Analysis of functioning of electric networks of the Irkutsk Electric Grid Company
Authors: Naumov I. V. , Leshchinskaya T. B. 
Published: May 2022

The article presents the analysis of the Irkutsk Electric Grid Company activities over the years 2014–2021. The detailed characteristics of the company's balance activities in electric power transmission and its losses are presented, and the failure rate of the company's 0.38 to 500 kV electric networks is considered in detail. The number of failures of electric network elements for each year of the period under consideration, as well as the duration of power supply interruptions are determined. The ratio of self-recovering failures that are self-eliminated after actuation of automatic reclosing (AR) in the total volume of emergency situations has been found. The most characteristic periods of occurrence of the largest number of failures in the electric networks under consideration have been determined. The causes of failures have been considered in detail, and their analysis resulted in establishing that the key causes are the aging and wear and tear of electric network elements. The data are given on the percentage ratio of electric networks of several rated voltage classes, the service life of which exceeded the established normal values. The analysis is performed of the company’s financial expenses on development of electric networks and conformity of the planned measures to the fulfilled investments. It is established that the level of the company’s actual investments significantly exceeds the targets.The company's policy in reducing electric energy losses through the implementation of organizational and technical measures is analyzed.
Hybrid Learning as an Effective Learning Solution on Intensive English Program in the New Normal Era
Authors: Nashir Muhammad , Laili Roudlotun Nurul 
Published: May 2022

In this new normal era, the government has implemented new normal policies in various lines including education. This situation requires school community to adapt to this new normal era by complying with the health protocols set by the government. The lecturers as the main learning facilitator have very crucial role in forming new habits for students. Lecturers must be able to adapt in learning activities from the planning to its evaluation. Learning innovations and the usage of suitable and diverse media for learning significantly hold up enhancing the educational quality in the new normal era. One of the appropriate learning model solutions as a way to adapt in the new normal era is by applying hybrid learning in the Intensive English class. Hybrid learning model is a learning type which mixes face-to face and online by utilizing technological sophistication. This study aimed to explain hybrid as a form of learning solution on intensive English Program at Stikes Banyuwangi as an adaptation form to face the new normal era. The results of study indicated that hybrid learning make students easier in practicing the conversation during Intensive English class and can improve their learning outcomes and scores, especially in their speaking. 71.7% students stated that hybrid learning increase effectiveness, efficiency and their attractiveness, so it is quite effective to be applied. Then 85 students (81.8%) prefer hybrid learning than full online learning or totally face to face learning.
The Efficacy of Using Subtitled Video in Teaching Reading to Indonesian English as Foreign Language (EFL) Students
Authors: Taka Soleman Dapa 
Published: May 2022

This research aims at finding out the efficacy of using Subtitled Video in teaching reading especially stories to Indonesian English as Foreign Language (EFL) students. The main question of this research: Is the use of Subtitled Video effective in teaching reading stories to Indonesian EFL students?. The research can be an addition to the persisting teaching reading of English particularly the use of the Subtitled Video. This research was conducted at the tenth-grade students at SMA Kristen Mercusuar Kupang, an Indonesian High School. The total number of samples was 25 students. The research used a pre-experimental method with a pre-test and post-test design. The pre-test was given to find out the basic ability of the students in reading and the post-test given to find out the students’ improvement in reading after giving the treatment by using Subtitled Video as media. The findings show that using the Subtitled Video as media is effective in teaching reading to Indonesian EFL students. It is supported by the result of the significance test through SPSS 20 program that the P was 0.00. Therefore, it is recommended to use the Subtitled Video in developing students’ competence in reading of Indonesian EFL students.