bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RASGOS DEPRESIVOS EN ESTUDIANTES DE LA E.E.B. Y MEDIA DEL COLEGIO NACIONAL “SAN PATRICIO” DE LA LOCALIDAD DE PASO DE PATRIA.
Authors: Martínez Coronel Ernesto Joaquín 
Published: May 2022

El suicidio es un fenómeno social real. La investigación da a conocer los riesgos suicidas de los alumnos y alumnas del Nivel de Educación Escolar Básica y Media del Colegio Nacional “San Patricio”, de la localidad de Paso de Patria, Paraguay, en el año 2019. En tal sentido, este trabajo realiza un estudio descriptivo proporcionando las características del estado de ánimo de la población estudiada, permitiendo la discusión a partir de datos empíricos sobre factores que influyen en la presencia del fenómeno del suicidio. Se adopta como estrategia metodológica un enfoque cuantitativo, con diseño observacional, transversal y prospectivo para la descripción del fenómeno. Los datos son analizados mediante procedimientos de estadística descriptiva. Tiene como objetivo analizar el nivel de riesgo suicida de los alumnos del 7° al 9° grado de la E.E.B. y 1° al 3° curso de la Educación Media del Colegio Nacional San Patricio, de la localidad de Paso de Patria, año 2019. La población la componen 119 alumnos del 7º grado al 3º curso, de los turnos mañana y tarde. Los principales resultados indican que los grupos con mayor tendencia de rasgos depresivos son el 9ª grado de la E.E.B y el 1º curso de la E.M.
Abstract
Suicide is a real social phenomenon. The research reveals the suicidal risks of the students of the Basic and Middle School Education Level of the “San Patricio” National School, in the town of Paso de Patria, Paraguay, in 2019. In this sense, this work carries out a descriptive study providing the characteristics of the state of mind of the studied population, allowing discussion based on empirical data on factors that influence the presence of the phenomenon of suicide. A quantitative approach is adopted as a methodological strategy, with an observational, transversal and prospective design for the description of the phenomenon. The data are analyzed using descriptive statistics procedures. Its objective is to analyze the level of suicide risk of students from 7th to 9th grade of the E.E.B. and 1st to 3rd year of Secondary Education at Colegio Nacional San Patricio, in the town of Paso de Patria, year 2019. The population is made up of 119 students from 7th grade to 3rd year, morning and afternoon shifts. The main results indicate that the groups with the greatest tendency for depressive traits are the 9th grade of the E.E.B and the 1st year of the E.M.
Keywords: Suicidal risks-mood-suicide-characteristics of suicide
Tinjauan Yuridis Pertanggungjawaban Pelaku di Indonesia Terkait Tindak Pidana Aborsi
Authors: Pandamdari Endang , Djajaputra Gunawan , M. Asror Endyk 
Published: May 2022

Suatu kegiatan untuk menggugurkan kandungan dapat disebut dengan aborsi. Kegiatan aborsi yakni salah satu tindakan melawan hukum dan Undang - Undang melarangnya, namun aborsi dapat dilakukan apabila terdapat perkecualian seperti berdasarkan Undang-undang No 36 Tahun 2009 tentang Kesehatan dalam Pasal 75 ayat 2. Dapat dibetulkan serta boleh dilakukan menurut ketetapan hukum adalah aborsi yang dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk kebaikan kesehatan ataupun untuk keselamatan nyawa seseorang. Saat ini aborsi yang paling banyak dilakukan yaitu aborsi melawan hukum, hal itu dilarang oleh Undang - Undang. Didalam Kitab Undang - Undang Hukum Pidana dapat dihukum Pelaku aborsi ilegal yang meliputi pihak perempuan dan laki - laki beserta dokter yang membantu tindakan aborsi ilegal dapat diancam pidana sesuai dengan aturan yang berlaku.
The Effects of a Yearlong Recess Intervention on Body Fat Shifts in Elementary-Aged Children
Authors: Farbo David J. , Rhea Deborah J. 
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Obesity has continued to rise in recent years due to a lack of physical activity. The school environment contributes to this problem as opportunities for physical activity are eliminated for more classroom time. Recess, defined as unstructured, outdoor play, can increase MVPA and improve current obesity trends. This study aimed to examine body fat category shift differences in children who received 40-60 minutes and those who received 30 minutes. A secondary purpose was to examine differences by district, sex, grade, and race across both groups since they received more than the national average for recess.
Methods: Students in 2nd-5th grade (7-11 years old) (N=393) were selected from schools serving as an intervention (N=190) or control school (N=203) in a larger longitudinal intervention titled Let’s Inspire Innovation N’ Kids (LiiNK). Bio-electrical impedance analysis was used to categorize students as either underfat, healthy, overfat, or obese. These categories were then used to determine if students shifted a category between pre and post-measurements.
Results: At least 30 minutes of recess was significantly associated with a body fat shift in 2nd graders and females. Additionally, the percentage of obese students did not change over the school year. There was no association between the group, sex, or race.
Conclusion: Due to this study occurring during COVID-19, it is hard to make definitive conclusions on the effects of increased recess time on obesity. However, some positive trends are pointing towards recess as a successful method of preventing a rise in childhood obesity.
Measurement Tools of Pediatric Nutrition and Health Suitable or Adaptable for Low- and Middle-Income Countries in Field Research Settings
Authors: Kalami Venus S. , Miller Laurie C. , Ausman Lynne , Rogers Beatrice 
Published: May 2022

Background: Micronutrient status, body composition, gastrointestinal (GI) functioning, and neurological functioning are important facets of pediatric nutrition and health. When studied in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), information about these elements is usually obtained via standardized surveys and traditional anthropometry. While convenient, these evaluations offer limited information that may be prone to error and bias. However, a variety of underutilized objective measurement tools exist which can promote a more objective, comprehensive, and deeper understanding of these aspects of pediatric nutrition and health in LMIC.
Objective: Identify field-friendly, relatively low-cost, and portable tools that provide objective measurements of micronutrient status, body composition, GI functioning, and neurological functioning in young children.
Methods: A narrative review of the literature was conducted to assess the state-of-the-art field-friendly research tools targeting micronutrient status, body composition, GI functioning, and neurological functioning in children in LMIC.
Results: A number of field-friendly tools addressing the domains of micronutrient status, GI health, body composition, and neurological functioning were identified. While many tools remain to be fully validated, these tools have yet to be used to their full potential in field-based pediatric nutrition and health research in LMICs.
Conclusions: More robust, field-friendly assessment methods will help to refine knowledge on the state of pediatric health of vulnerable children in LMIC. Such awareness could contribute to the design of interventions, programs and policies, and further research.
Validation of MUAC Cut-Offs of WHO for Diagnosis of Acute Malnutrition among Children under 5 Years in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Qadri Mehreen , Baig Lubna Ansari , Ahmer Zaeema , Asim Aimen , Aly Syed Moin 
Published: May 2022

Objective: To validate the WHO recommended Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) cut-offs for acute malnutrition screening in children younger than five in Karachi, Pakistan.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, including an anthropometric examination following WHO guidelines. Height was measured using Stadiometer and Infantometer. The link between MUAC and Weight-for-Height-Z score (WHZ) for different cut-offs of MUAC for Moderate Acute Malnutrition (MAM) and Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) was shown using Receiver Operator Characteristics (ROC) curves and the Youden index. Sensitivity and specificity of MUAC <11.5 cm and ≥11.5 to <12.5cm were determined using WHZ scores of -3 Standard Deviation (SD) and ≥-3 to <-2 SD for SAM and MAM, respectively.
Results: Among 499 children, as per WHZ score, 9.6% and 27.1% had SAM and MAM, respectively, whereas according to MUAC, 6.4% and 3.6% had MAM and SAM, respectively. At the maximum value of the Youden index of 55.6%, an optimum cut-off of 12.7cm for screening of SAM with MUAC was found compared to the recommended cut-off of 11.5cm. Similarly, at the maximum value of the Youden index of 57.7%, an optimum cut-off of 13.9cm for screening of MAM with MUAC was found compared to the recommended cut-off of 12.5cm.
Conclusion: The current MUAC cut-off of WHO for screening SAM and MAM cases captures only a small percentage of children under five. This needs to be revised to capture children with acute malnutrition for timely treatment in Pakistan.
Handcycling with concurrent lower body low-frequency electromyostimulation significantly increases acute oxygen uptake: implications for rehabilitation and prevention
Authors: Rappelt Ludwig , Held Steffen , Donath Lars 
Published: May 2022

Background
Acute increases in exercise-induced oxygen uptake (V̇O2) is crucial for aerobic training adaptations and depends on how much muscle mass is involved during exercising. Thus, handcycling is per se limited for higher maximal oxygen uptakes (V̇O2max) due to restricted muscle involvement. Handcycling with additional and simultaneous application of low-frequency electromyostimulation (EMS) to the lower extremities might be a promising stimulus to improve aerobic capacity in disabled and rehabilitative populations.

Method
Twenty-six healthy young adults (13 female, age: 23.4 ± 4.5 years, height: 1.77 ± 0.09 m, mass: 71.7 ± 16.7 kg) completed 4 ×10 minutes of sitting (SIT), sitting with concurrent EMS (EMS_SIT), handcycling (60 rpm, 1/2 bodyweight as resistance in watts) (HANDCYCLE) and handcycling with concurrent EMS of the lower extremities (EMS_HANDCYCLE). During EMS_SIT and EMS_HANDCYCLE, low frequency EMS (impulse frequency: 4Hz, impulse width: 350 µs, continuous stimulation) was applied to gluteal, quadriceps and calf muscles. The stimulation intensity was selected so that the perceived pain could be sustained for a duration of 10 minutes (gluteus: 80.0 ± 22.7 mA, quadriceps: 94.5 ± 20.5 mA, calves: 77.5 ± 19.1 mA).

Results
Significant mode-dependent changes of V̇O2 were found (p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.852). Subsequent post-hoc testing indicated significant difference between SIT vs. EMS_SIT (4.70 ± 0.75 vs. 10.61 ± 4.28 ml min−1 kg−1, p < 0.001), EMS_SIT vs. HANDCYCLE (10.61 ± 4.28 vs. 13.52 ± 1.40 ml min−1 kg−1, p = 0.005), and between HANDCYCLE vs. EMS_HANDCYCLE (13.52 ± 1.40 vs. 18.98 ± 4.89 ml min−1 kg−1, p = 0.001).

Conclusion
Handcycling with simultaneous lower body low-frequency EMS application elicits notably higher oxygen uptake during rest and moderately loaded handcycling and may serve as an additional cardiocirculatory training stimuli for improvements in aerobic capacity in wheelchair and rehabilitation settings.
Evaluation of the Restorative Effect of Three Organic Manures in Rill and Gully Eroded Soil Using Amaranthus hybridus L. as Test Plant
Authors: Kenneth Ekwealor U. , Kelechi Okeke A. , Chisom Iroka F. , Bibian Aziagba O. , Victor Njom S. 
Published: May 2022

The effect of organic manure in restoration of rill and gully eroded soil using Amaranthus hybridus as a test plant was carried out. The aim of this research work was to compare the restorative potentials of cow-dung, goat-dung, and poultry-manure amendment on rill and gully eroded soil. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design (RBD) with five treatment replicated thrice. Seeds of Amaranthus hybridus were sown directly into the bags and were thinned to two seedlings per bag a week after germination. Soil analysis of the treated samples and control was carried out after six weeks to determine the amount of organic carbon, soil pH, potassium, phosphorus and nitrogen. Also soil particles analysis was carried out to determine the amount of sand, silt, clay and bulk density. Stem height of A. hybridus, leaf area, number of leaves per plant and stem girth were the parameters monitored on a weekly basis. The data collected were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and least significant difference (LSD) was used to separate the differences among treatment means. The result showed that goat-dung recorded highest organic carbon content of (1.88 and 1.63) respectively in both rill and gully eroded soil samples. Poultry-manure recorded increase in nitrogen content of (0.92 and 0.84) respectively in both rill and gully eroded soil samples. The combination of goat-dung, poultry-manure and cow-dung recorded the highest pH value of (5.90) in rill eroded soil samples while goat-dung recorded the highest pH value of (6.40) in gully eroded soil samples. The least reduction in bulk density in rill soil sample was recorded in goat-dung with value of (1.41) while poultry-manure recorded the least reduction in bulk density of (1.48) in gully eroded soil sample. Percentage clay content recorded highest in control with value of (34.0 and 48.0) respectively in both rill and gully eroded soil samples. The combination of cow-dung, goat-dung and poultry-manure recorded the highest plant height of (21.02cm and 18.10cm) respectively, stem girth (1.36cm and 2.76cm) respectively, leaf area (10.81cm2 and 16.84cm2) respectively in both rill and gully eroded soil sample, in control plant height of (5.64cm and 3.63cm) respectively, in stem girth (0.42cm and 0.32cm) respectively, in number of leaves (7.33cm and 8.33cm) respectively, in leaf area (2.11cm2 and 1.55cm2) respectively recorded the least value in both rill and gully eroded soil samples. Analysis of variance showed significant difference among the treatments and within the weeks.
Effects of Stocking Density on Stress, Hematological Responses, and Growth of Black Rockfish Sebastes schlegelii
Authors: Lee Jang-Won , Min Byung Hwa , Lee Bokyung , Kim Kiyoung , Yoon Minjung 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The objective of the current study was to evaluate the effect of stocking density on juvenile Black Rockfish Sebastes schlegelii (average weight = 12 g) in terms of stress, hematological responses, and growth performance during a 4-month growth trial in a flow-through system. The initial stocking densities were 1.3 kg/m3 (low), 1.8 kg/m3 (medium), and 2.3 kg/m3 (high), and the final densities were 4.9 kg/m3 (low), 5.6 kg/m3 (medium), and 6.3 kg/m3 (high). At the end of the trial, the high stocking density significantly affected growth characteristics, levels of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1, and hematological indices (hematocrit, red blood cell count, and hemoglobin level) compared to the medium and low stocking densities. The plasma cortisol and immunoglobulin-M levels were significantly higher at the high density than at the other two densities. Taken together, while the low and medium stocking densities (final densities of up to 5.6 kg/m3) did not affect stress and hematological indices or growth, the high stocking density (final density of 6.3 kg/m3) significantly impacted those variables, which suggests an allostatic load at that density. Thus, the use of a final stocking density less than 6.3 kg/m3 should be considered to avoid compromising the stress and health condition and growth of Black Rockfish at this size and temperature range.
Giant Negative Magnetoresistance beyond Chiral Anomaly in Topological Material YCuAs2
Authors: Kang Baolei , Liu Zhao , Zhao Dan , Zheng Lixuan , Sun Zeliang , Li Jian , Wang Zhengfei , Wu Tao , Chen Xianhui 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe large negative magnetoresistance (MR) effect, which usually emerges in various magnetic systems, is a technologically important property for spintronics. Recently, the so‐called “chiral anomaly” in topological semimetals offers an alternative to generate a considerable negative MR effect without utilizing magnetism. However, it requires that the applied magnetic field must be strictly along the electric current direction, which sets a strong limit for practical applications. Here, a giant negative MR effect is discovered with a value of up to −40% in 9 T at 2 K in the nonmagnetic Dirac material YCuAs2, which is not restricted to the specific configuration for applied magnetic fields. Based on magnetic susceptibility and NMR measurements, the giant negative MR effect is tightly connected with the unexpected spin‐dependent scattering from vacancy‐induced local moments, which is also beyond the classical Kondo effect. The present work not only offers an alternative route for spintronics based on nonmagnetic topological materials, but also helps to further understand the negative MR effect in topological materials.
Dangling Octahedra Enable Edge States in 2D Lead Halide Perovskites
Authors: Qin Yan , Li Zhi‐Gang , Gao Fei‐Fei , Chen Haisheng , Li Xiang , Xu Bin , Li Qian , Jiang Xingxing , Li Wei , Wu Xiang , Quan Zewei , Ye Lei , Zhang Yang , Lin Zheshuai , Pedesseau Laurent , Even Jacky , Lu Peixiang , Bu Xian‐He 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe structural reconstruction at the crystal layer edges of 2D lead halide perovskites (LHPs) leads to unique edge states (ES), which are manifested by prolonged carrier lifetime and reduced emission energy. These special ES can effectively enhance the optoelectronic performance of devices, but their intrinsic origin and working mechanism remain elusive. Here it is demonstrated that the ES of a family of 2D Ruddlesden–Popper LHPs [BA2CsPb2Br7, BA2MAPb2Br7, and BA2MA2Pb3Br10 (BA = butylammonium; MA = methylammonium)] arise from the rotational symmetry elevation of the PbBr6 octahedra dangling at the crystal layer edges. These dangling octahedra give rise to localized electronic states that enable an effective transport of electrons from the interior to layer edges, and the population of electrons in both the interior states and the ES can be manipulated via controlling the external fields. Moreover, the abundant phonons, activated by the dangling octahedra, can interact with electrons to facilitate radiative recombination, counterintuitive to the suppressive role commonly observed in conventional semiconductors. This work unveils the intrinsic atomistic and electronic origins of ES in 2D LHPs, which can stimulate the exploration of ES‐based exotic optoelectronic properties and the corresponding design of high‐performance devices for these emergent low‐dimensional semiconductors.
An Anode‐Free Potassium‐Metal Battery Enabled by a Directly Grown Graphene‐Modulated Aluminum Current Collector
Authors: Zhao Yu , Liu Bingzhi , Yi Yuyang , Lian Xueyu , Wang Menglei , Li Shuo , Yang Xianzhong , Sun Jingyu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPotassium (K)‐metal batteries have emerged as a promising energy‐storage device owing to abundant K resources. An anode‐free architecture that bypasses the need for anode host materials can deliver an elevated energy density. However, the poor efficiency of K plating/stripping on potassiophobic anode current collectors results in rapid K inventory loss and a short cycle life. Herein, commercial Al foils are decorated with an ultrathin graphene‐modified layer (Al@G) through roll‐to‐roll plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition. By harnessing strong adhesion (10.52 N m−1) and a high surface energy (66.6 mJ m−2), the designed Al@G structure ensures a highly smooth and ordered K plating/stripping process. Consequently, during K‐metal plating/stripping, Al@G can operate at a current density of up to 4.0 mA cm−2 and cyclic capacity of up to 4.0 mAh cm−2, with an ultralong lifespan of up to 1000 h at 0.5 mA cm−2 and stable cycling of up to 750 h under periodic current fluctuations of 0.1–2.0 mA cm−2. In addition, a novel anode‐free K‐metal full‐cell prototype enabled by Al@G anode current collectors is constructed, demonstrating ameliorative cyclic stability.
Terbium‐Doped and Dual‐Passivated γ‐CsPb(I1−xBrx)3 Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells with Improved Air Thermal Stability and High Efficiency
Authors: Mali Sawanta S. , Patil Jyoti V. , Rondiya Sachin R. , Dzade Nelson Y. , Steele Julian A. , Nazeeruddin Mohammad Khaja , Patil Pramod S. , Hong Chang Kook 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRealizing photoactive and thermodynamically stable all‐inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) remains a challenging task within halide perovskite photovoltaic (PV) research. Here, a dual strategy for realizing efficient inorganic mixed halide perovskite PV devices based on a terbium‐doped solar absorber, that is, CsPb1−xTbxI2Br, is reported, which undertakes a bulk and surface passivation treatment in the form of CsPb1−xTbxI2Br quantum dots, to maintain a photoactive γ‐phase under ambient conditions and with significantly improved operational stability. Devices fabricated from these air‐processed perovskite thin films exhibit an air‐stable power conversion efficiency (PCE) that reaches 17.51% (small‐area devices) with negligible hysteresis and maintains >90% of the initial efficiency when operating for 600 h under harsh environmental conditions, stemming from the combined effects of the dual‐protection strategy. This approach is further examined within large‐area PSC modules (19.8 cm2 active area) to realize 10.94% PCE and >30 days ambient stability, as well as within low‐bandgap γ‐CsPb0.95Tb0.05I2.5Br0.5 (Eg = 1.73 eV) materials, yielding 19.01% (18.43% certified) PCE.
Helical Liquid Crystal Elastomer Miniature Robot with Photocontrolled Locomotion
Authors: Zhao Tonghui , Wang Jiao , Fan Yangyang , Dou Wenchao 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMiniature liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) based soft robots with multidirectional locomotion ability and multifunctionality have captured the extensive interest of researchers for a wide range of potential applications. Generally, the subsistent actuation modes for most LCE soft robots present several simple shape‐changing under external stimuli. Although elaborately designed for complicated structures, they still achieve limited mobility, restricting the practical applications severely. Herein, a photo‐controllable helical soft robot (PHSR) prepared with near‐infrared (NIR) light active LCE is reported. The 3D helical architecture of PHSR is constructed by manually twisting the LCE strip. The irradiation of NIR light transforms the basic reversible shape deformations (shrinking/elongating, winding/unwinding, and bending) of PHSR to macroscopic photomobility. As the torsional orientation of mesogens generated by manually twisting process, the rolling direction can be controlled by the scanning direction of the NIR spot. The flexible steering motion is in favor of performing various tasks such as traversing gap, climbing, and outputting mechanical work, suggesting that PHSR with directional photomobility and multifunction can be extended to a variety of applications.