bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of acupuncture used for cervical spondylosis of vertebral artery type
Authors: Lu Jinxian , Song Quanmei , Zhu Yongzheng , Jia Hongling , Zhang Yongchen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background:
Cervical spondylosis of vertebral artery type is a common clinical disease. With the change of people's lifestyle and the improvement of people who work at desks, its incidence is also increasing, which can seriously affect people's normal life and work. Acupuncture has been gradually accepted and recognized by the public for its green, simple and safe characteristics. In this systematic review, we aimed to evaluate the effect and safety for patients with cervical spondylosis of vertebral artery type to provide evidence for clinical decision making.

Methods:
We will search the following 8 databases from their inception to November 2021: Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Chinese Biomedicine, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Scientific Journals Database, and the WanFang Database. All relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that meet the inclusion criteria will be included in our analysis. Literature screening, data extraction and literature quality assessment will be carried out in a step. Data analysis will be performed using RevMan 5.4 software.

Results:
Based on the results of this study, we will evaluate the safety and effectiveness of acupuncture in the treatment of vertebral artery type cervical spondylosis.

Conclusion:
This study will provide strong evidence-based medical evidence for acupuncture in treating cervical spondylosis of vertebral artery type.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42021293053.
Early complementary acupuncture improves the clinical prognosis of traumatic brain edema
Authors: Guo Zi-Quan , Jiang Hua , Huang Yong , Gu Hong-Mei , Wang Wen-Bin , Chen Tai-Dong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background:
Traumatic brain edema occurs commonly brain injury, and most manifests as pericontusional edema of brain contusions. On the basis of evidence-based medicine, apart from recommending craniotomy and mannitol, there are few particularly effective measures to prevent and treat traumatic brain edema. It is uncertain whether an early complementary acupuncture treatment would improve long-term outcomes of patients with traumatic brain edema. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy and the safety of early complementary acupuncture for patients with traumatic brain edema.

Methods:
This study is an actively accruing, single-center, single-blinded, 2-arm, randomized controlled trial. Patients with traumatic brain injury, a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 6∼12, and brain edema on computed tomography scan will be divided into 2 groups on the basis of stratified block randomization. All patients will receive conventional treatment, and the study group will undergo additional acupuncture therapy (start within 72 hours after the injury) once a day for 28 days. The primary outcome is the dichotomized Glasgow Outcome Score at 6 months and 12 months after injury, and the secondary outcomes are the Glasgow Coma Scale, the volume of traumatic brain edema, the serum levels of C-reactive protein and interleukin-6, and the Modified Barthel Index.

Discussion:
This study will provide data regarding the efficacy of early complementary acupuncture for traumatic brain edema. If the study yields positive results, its findings may offer insights into a valuable complementary option of acupuncture for traumatic brain edema that could provide pilot evidence for large, randomized, controlled trials.

Trial registration: This trial has been published in the Chinese Clinical Trial Register, http://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=141208&htm=4 (Identifier: ChiCTR2100053794, registered on December 3, 2021).
Low tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion is associated with a poor outcome in patients with COVID-19
Authors: Tian Ye , Lu Huaihai , Liu Xuefang , Zhao Yinlong , Zhang Pei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess whether tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) could be used as a prognostic tool in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19).

Methods:
Studies on the relationship between TAPSE and COVID-19 since February 2021. Standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals were used to assess the effect size. The potential for publication bias was assessed using a contour-enhanced funnel plot and Egger test. A meta-regression was performed to assess if the difference in TAPSE between survivors and nonsurvivors was affected by age, sex, hypertension or diabetes.

Results:
Sixteen studies comprising 1579 patients were included in this meta-analysis. TAPSE was lower in nonsurvivors (SMD −3.24 (−4.23, −2.26), P < .00001; I2 = 71%), and a subgroup analysis indicated that TAPSE was also lower in critically ill patients (SMD −3.85 (−5.31, −2.38,), P < .00001; I2 = 46%). Heterogeneity was also significantly reduced, I2 < 50%. Pooled results showed that patients who developed right ventricular dysfunction had lower TAPSE (SMD −5.87 (−7.81, −3.92), P = .004; I2 = 82%). There was no statistically significant difference in the TAPSE of patients who sustained a cardiac injury vs those who did not (SMD −1.36 (−3.98, 1.26), P = .31; I2 = 88%). No significant publication bias was detected (P = .8147) but the heterogeneity of the included studies was significant. A meta-regression showed that heterogeneity was significantly greater when the incidence of hypertension was <50% (I2 = 91%) and that of diabetes was <30% (I2 = 85%).

Conclusion:
Low TAPSE levels are associated with poor COVID-19 disease outcomes. TAPSE levels are modulated by disease severity, and their prognostic utility may be skewed by pre-existing patient comorbidities.

Trial retrospectively registered (February 12, 2021):
PROSPERO CRD42021236731
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on emergency department utilization patterns in South Korea
Authors: Chang Hyunglan , Kang Min Woo , Paek So Hyun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The purpose of analyzing changes in the use of emergency departments (EDs) was to better understand how to use ED resources efficiently during infectious disease outbreaks.
Our study was a retrospective observational study. We analyzed the patterns of visits of adult and pediatric patients to separate EDs during 2020 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak to know the changes in the ED utilization. We collected the patient's demographics and time of visit, patients’ acuity level at triage, cause of visit, transportation used, disposition, symptom to visit time, length of stay, and top 10 most common complaints. We compared pediatric and adult EDs before and after COVID-19.
The total number of patients who visited the EDs was 197,152 over 3 years. During the COVID-19 outbreak in 2020, the number of visits decreased significantly, especially the number of pediatric patients. The number of ED visits decreased in correlation with a surge in the number of confirmed COVID patients. The proportion of severe cases in pediatric emergency department (PED) visits increased, but there was no difference in adult emergency department. The number of hospitalized PED patients increased, and the number of hospitalized adult emergency department patients decreased. However, both types of ED patients increased in intensive care unit hospitalizations, proportion of deaths, and use of ambulances. The proportion of trauma patients in the PED increased significantly (P
< .001). The time from symptom onset to ED visit time was reduced for patients. The ED length of stay increased in adults, and decreased for pediatric patients.
COVID-19 brought about many changes to ED utilization. A greater reduction in ED utilization occurred in pediatric patients compared to adult patients. Our study showed changes in the number and characteristics of patients visiting the ED during the COVID-19 period compared to 2018 and 2019.
Excessive sacral sweating caused by autonomic dysreflexia after traumatic brainstem injury
Authors: Saito Hiroshi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Rationale:
Autonomic dysreflexia is a release phenomenon of spinal sympathetic preganglionic neurons from supraspinal inhibition, possibly of the lower brainstem origin. It is most frequently observed in patients with severe spinal lesions above the mid-thoracic cord. Theoretically, brainstem lesions may cause autonomic dysreflexia; however, such reports are rare. The author reports a case of autonomic dysreflexia restricted to the sacral area that appeared after brainstem lesions due to a traffic accident.

Patient concerns:
A 36-year-old man suffered from traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage and hematomas in the lower brainstem. After he became alert and ambulant, he presented with neurological deficits suggestive of right-sided brainstem lesions, which were visualized on magnetic resonance images. He also complained of excessive sweating in the sacral area whenever he had a desire to void.

Diagnoses:
On the basis of neurological and radiological findings, and results of the thermal sweating test and sweating induced by bladder or rectal distension, his sacral hyperhidrosis was attributed to autonomic dysreflexia.

Interventions:
Baclofen (15 mg per day) was administered for more than three months, and the sacral hyperhidrosis gradually subsided.

Outcomes:
After three months, the patient returned home with minor gait disturbances and sacral sweating.

Lessons:
This may be the first report of excessive sweating due to autonomic dysreflexia caused by traumatic brainstem lesions restricted to the sacral territory. These observations suggest possible somatotopic arrangements, even in the supraspinal inhibitory pathways. Baclofen may be one of the choices for similar cases.
Open-label, single-dosing, the safety and pharmacokinetics of HAD-B1 in healthy male volunteers
Authors: Kim Soo-Dam , Kwag Eun-Bin , Chae Jung-Woo , Yang Sung-Yoon , Park Ji-Hye , Yoo Hwa-Seung , Park So-Jung 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background:
Previous studies have proven that Korean Traditional Medical substance HangAmDan-B1 (HAD-B1) is safe and effective in treating lung cancer. According to those research, long term and high dosage administration of HAD-B1 (13 week, higher than 2000 mg/kg), and its combined administration with Afatinib did not affect the therapeutic effect of Afatinib, and showed no drug tolerance. In vivo and in vitro studies also showed that HAD-B1 was found to be safe as it did not affect normal cells. Based on those results, this clinical trial aims to evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetics by oral administration of HAD-B1 in healthy male volunteers.

Methods:
Fifteen healthy male volunteers will be recruited for the study. Sample size for this phase 1 clinical trial. Subjects will be pre-examined within 4 weeks prior to the first dosing day to evaluate the compatibility. On day 0, participants will be admitted around 4 PM and will be fasting from 10 PM except for the water intake. On the dosing day, participants will take HAD-B1 at 8 AM on an empty stomach (1.944 g/day). Blood sample will be drawn at pre-dose, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, and 48 hours. Area under the curve will be expressed in linear and log/linear graphs. Pharmacokinetic analysis will be non-compartment analysis using Phoenix WinNonlin (Pharsight, CA) software package.

Discussion:
This study investigates the safety and pharmacokinetics of HAD-B1 as it is already proven to be safe and effective according to the previous studies. The results from this clinical trial are expected to provide strict and objective evidences of the efficacy and safety of the formula HAD-B1 for patients with lung cancer.
Examining the Relationship Between Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries and Development of Mental Illness Disorders in a Mid-Term Follow-up Period
Authors: Wilder J. Heath , Gupta Sanchita S. , Kelly Grace C. , Logarbo J. Nicholas , Sanchez Santiago L. , Williams Garrett H. , Sherman William F. 
Published: February 2022

Objective
The sequalae of mild concussions continue to emerge with increased awareness in sports-related injuries. This study aimed to quantify the number of patients who are affected by a mental illness within 3 yrs of a concussion and identify whether demographic differences exist that may influence a mental illness diagnosis.

Design
Using a nationwide database, data were queried for a diagnosis of concussion, capturing patients aged 18–45 yrs with no previous mental illness, and then identified if these patients were diagnosed with a mental illness within 3 yrs of their concussion. The mental illnesses specifically chosen for this study included depression, anxiety, panic disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, bipolar, and schizophrenia.

Results
Within 3 yrs after a concussion, 48% of patients were later diagnosed with a mental illness. All of the mental illnesses this study chose to evaluate were present in a higher proportion of patients after a concussion than the general population.

Conclusions
The mechanism between concussions and mental illness remains unclear. A large proportion of patients who experience a concussion are later diagnosed with a mental illness within 3 yrs. Patients with a history of a previous concussion may benefit from screening for the development of a mental illness.
Acute postoperative pain after orthognathic surgery can be predicted by the preoperative evaluation of conditioned pain modulation and pain catastrophizing
Authors: Takashima Keiko , Oono Yuka , Takagi Saori , Wang Kelun , Arendt-Nielsen Lars , Kohase Hikaru 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
The incidence and severity of chronic postoperative pain (POP) are major clinical challenges, and presurgical conditioned pain modulation (CPM) and pain catastrophizing scale (PCS) assessments have exhibited predictive values for POP. However, whether CPM and PCS assessments are also predictive of acute POP is unknown.

Objectives:
We aimed to investigate the relationship between preoperative CPM and PCS and acute POP severity after orthognathic surgery by assessing preoperative CPM and PCS in 43 patients.

Methods:
The pressure pain threshold and tonic painful cold–heat pulse stimulation (applied with a pain intensity score of 70 on a visual analogue scale [VAS 0–100]) were used as the test and conditioning stimuli, respectively. The pain area under the postoperative VAS area under the curve (VASAUC) was estimated. The associations between CPM, PCS, and VASAUC were also analyzed.

Results:
No patient experienced chronic POP after 1 month. Negative and positive CPM effects (test stimulus threshold was 0% > and 0% ≤ during conditioning stimulation, respectively) were detected in 36 and 7 patients, respectively. For patients with negative CPM effects (CPM responders), multiple regression analysis revealed a prediction formula of log (VASAUC) = (−0.02 × CPM effect) + (0.13 × PCS-magnification) + 5.10 (adjusted R
2 = 0.4578, P = 0.00002, CPM effect; P = 0.002, PCS-magnification; P = 0.0004), indicating that a weaker CPM and higher PCS scores were associated with more acute POP after surgery.

Conclusion:
CPM and PCS can predict acute POP after orthognathic surgery.
The impact of syringe services program closure on the risk of rebound HIV outbreaks among people who inject drugs: a modeling study
Authors: Zang Xiao , Goedel Williams C. , Bessey Sam E. , Lurie Mark N. , Galea Sandro , Galvani Alison P. , Friedman Samuel R. , Nosyk Bohdan , Marshall Brandon D.L. 
Published: February 2022

Objective:
Despite their effectiveness in preventing the transmission of HIV among people who inject drugs (PWID), syringe services programs (SSPs) in many settings are hampered by social and political opposition. We aimed to estimate the impact of closure and temporary interruption of SSP on the HIV epidemic in a rural United States setting.

Methods:
Using an agent-based model (ABM) calibrated to observed surveillance data, we simulated HIV risk behaviors and transmission in adult populations who inject and do not inject drugs in Scott County, Indiana. We projected HIV incidence and prevalence between 2020 and 2025 for scenarios with permanent closure, delayed closure (one additional renewal for 24 months before closure), and temporary closure (lasting 12 months) of an SSP in comparison to persistent SSP operation.

Results:
With sustained SSP operation, we projected an incidence rate of 0.15 per 100 person-years among the overall population (95% simulation interval: 0.06–0.28). Permanently closing the SSP would cause an average of 58.4% increase in the overall incidence rate during 2021–2025, resulting in a higher prevalence of 60.8% (50.9–70.6%) (18.7% increase) among PWID by 2025. A delayed closure would increase the incidence rate by 38.9%. A temporary closure would cause 12 (35.3%) more infections during 2020–2021.

Conclusion:
Our analysis suggests that temporary interruption and permanent closure of existing SSPs operating in rural United States may lead to ‘rebound’ HIV outbreaks among PWID. To reach and sustain HIV epidemic control, it will be necessary to maintain existing and implement new SSPs in combination with other prevention interventions.
CoviVac vaccination induces production of neutralizing antibodies against Delta and Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Kozlovskaya Liubov , Gordeychuk Ilya , Piniaeva Anastasia , Kovpak Anastasia , Shishova Anna , Lunin Aleksandr , Shustova Elena , Apolokhov Vasiliy , Fominykh Ksenia , Ivin Yuri , Kondrashova Alla , Volok Viktor , Tcelykh Irina , Siniugina Aleksandra , Ishmukhametov Aydar 
Published: February 2022

AbstractVaccines are proven to be an effective tool in prophylaxis of severe COVID-19, but emerging mutated SARS-CoV-2 variants constantly challenge vaccines’ protectivity. We have evaluated the ability of the sera from individuals vaccinated with two variants of inactivated vaccine CoviVac and COVID-19 convalescents (May-December 2020) to neutralize SARS-CoV-2 variants Delta and Omicron. Four groups of serum samples (CoviVac vaccinees; COVID-19 convalescents; mice immunized with CoviVac preparations based on prototype B.1.1 strain and Delta variant) were evaluated in virus neutralization test against SARS-CoV-2 heterologous B.1.1 virus, Delta and Omicron variants. CoviVac preparations based on B.1.1 and Delta induced neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1 and two variants of concern. We observed a decrease in neutralization capacity in the sera from CoviVac (based on B.1.1 strain) vaccinees: 57.1% samples had detectable neutralizing antibodies against Delta and 61.9% against Omicron variants. Sera samples of all (100%) mice immunized with a candidate vaccine based on the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant strain had neutralizing antibodies against all tested strains.
Presence of Symptoms 6 Weeks After COVID-19 Among Vaccinated and Unvaccinated U.S. Healthcare Personnel
Authors: Mohr Nicholas M. , Plumb Ian D. , Harland Karisa K. , Pilishvili Tamara , Fleming-Dutra Katherine E. , Krishnadasan Anusha , Hoth Karin F. , Saydah Sharon H. , Mankoff Zachary , Haran John P. , Briggs-Hagen Melissa , León Eliezer Santos , Talan David A. ,   the Project PREVENT Network
Published: February 2022

AbstractImportanceAlthough COVID-19 vaccines protect against infection and severe disease, the role of vaccination in preventing prolonged symptoms in those with subsequent infection is unclear.ObjectiveTo determine differences in symptoms stratified by prior vaccination reported by healthcare personnel (HCP) 6 weeks after onset of COVID-19, and whether there were differences in timing of return to work.DesignNested cohort study within a multicenter vaccine effectiveness study. HCP with COVID-19 between December 2020 and August 2021 were followed up 6 weeks after illness onset.SettingHealth systems in 12 U.S. states.ParticipantsHCP participating in a vaccine effectiveness study were eligible for inclusion if they had confirmed COVID-19 with either verified mRNA vaccination (symptom onset ≥14 days after two doses) or no prior COVID-19 vaccination. Among 681 eligible participants, 419 (61%) completed a follow-up survey approximately 6 weeks after illness onset.ExposuresTwo doses of a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine compared with no COVID-19 vaccine.Main outcomes and measuresPresence of symptoms 6 weeks after onset of COVID-19 illness and days to return to work after COVID-19 illness.ResultsAmong 419 HCP with confirmed COVID-19, 298 (71%) reported one or more COVID-like symptoms 6 weeks after illness onset, with a lower prevalence among vaccinated participants (60.6%) compared with unvaccinated participants (60.6% vs. 79.1%; aRR 0.70, 95% CI 0.58-0.84). Vaccinated HCP returned to work a median 2.0 days (95% CI 1.0–3.0) sooner than unvaccinated HCP (aHR 1.37; 95% CI, 1.04–1.79).ConclusionsA history of two doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine among HCP with COVID-19 illness was associated with decreased risk of COVID-like symptoms at 6 weeks and earlier to return to work. Vaccination is associated with improved recovery from COVID-19, in addition to preventing symptomatic infection.KEY POINTSQuestionDoes vaccination lead to improved recovery of symptoms and return to work following COVID-19?FindingsIn this nested cohort study of healthcare personnel, participants with COVID-19 who had received two doses of a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine were less likely to report symptoms 6 weeks after illness onset than participants with COVID-19 who were unvaccinated. Return to work was sooner if previously vaccinated.MeaningVaccination is associated with improved recovery from COVID-19, in addition to prevention of infection and disease.
Assessment of burden and segregation profiles of CNVs in patients with epilepsy
Authors: Moreau Claudia , Tremblay Frédérique , Wolking Stefan , Girard Alexandre , Laprise Catherine , Hamdan Fadi F. , Michaud Jacques L. , Minassian Berge A. , Cossette Patrick , Girard Simon L. 
Published: February 2022

1AbstractObjectiveMicrodeletions are associated with different forms of epilepsy but show incomplete penetrance, which is not well understood. We aimed to assess whether unmasked variants or double CNVs could explain incomplete penetrance.MethodsWe analyzed copy number variants (CNVs) in 603 patients with four different subgroups of epilepsy and 945 controls. CNVs were called from genotypes and validated on whole genome (WGS) or exome sequences (WES). CNV burden difference between patients and controls was obtained by fitting a logistic regression. CNV burden was assessed for small and large (> 1Mb) deletions and duplications and for deletions overlapping different genes set.ResultsLarge deletions were enriched in genetic generalized epilepsies (GGE) compared to controls. We also found an enrichment of deletions in epilepsy genes and hotspots for GGE. We did not find truncating or functional variants that could have been unmasked by the deletions. We observed a double CNV hit in two patients. One patient also carried a de novo deletion in the 22q11.2 hotspot.InterpretationWe could corroborate previous findings of an enrichment of large microdeletions and deletions in epilepsy genes in GGE. We could also replicate that microdeletions show incomplete penetrance. However, we could not validate the hypothesis of unmasked variants nor the hypothesis of double CNVs to explain the incomplete penetrance. We found a de novo hit on 22q11.2 that could be of interest. We also observed GGE families carrying a deletion on 15q13.3 hotspot that could be investigated in the Quebec founder population.