bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On a system of monotone variational inclusion problems with fixed-point constraint
Authors: Alakoya Timilehin O. , Uzor Victor A. , Mewomo Oluwatosin T. , Yao Jen-Chih 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we study the problem of finding the solution of the system of monotone variational inclusion problems recently introduced by Chang et al. (Optimization 70(12):2511–2525, 2020) with the constraint of a fixed-point set of quasipseudocontractive mappings. We propose a new iterative method that employs an inertial technique with self-adaptive step size for approximating the solution of the problem in Hilbert spaces and prove a strong-convergence result for the proposed method under more relaxed conditions. Moreover, we apply our results to study related optimization problems. Finally, we present some numerical experiments to demonstrate the performance of our proposed method, compare it with a related method as well as experiment on the dependency of the key parameters on the performance of our method.
Lyapunov-type inequalities for fractional Langevin-type equations involving Caputo-Hadamard fractional derivative
Authors: Zhang Wei , Zhang Jifeng , Ni Jinbo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this study, some new Lyapunov-type inequalities are presented for Caputo-Hadamard fractional Langevin-type equations of the forms $$ \begin{aligned} &{}_{H}^{C}D_{a + }^{\beta } \bigl({}_{H}^{C}D_{a + }^{\alpha }+ p(t)\bigr)x(t) + q(t)x(t) = 0,\quad 0 < a < t < b, \end{aligned} $$

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and $$ \begin{aligned} &{}_{H}^{C}D_{a + }^{\eta }{ \phi _{p}}\bigl[\bigl({}_{H}^{C}D_{a + }^{\gamma }+ u(t)\bigr)x(t)\bigr] + v(t){\phi _{p}}\bigl(x(t)\bigr) = 0,\quad 0 < a < t < b, \end{aligned} $$

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. The boundary value problems of fractional Langevin-type equations were firstly converted into the equivalent integral equations with corresponding kernel functions, and then the Lyapunov-type inequalities were derived by the analytical method. Noteworthy, the Langevin-type equations are multi-term differential equations, creating significant challenges and difficulties in investigating the problems. Consequently, this study provides new results that can enrich the existing literature on the topic.
Controversies in enhanced recovery after cardiac surgery
Authors: Shaw Andrew D. , Guinn Nicole R. , Brown Jessica K. , Arora Rakesh C. , Lobdell Kevin W. , Grant Michael C. , Gan Tong J. , Engelman Daniel T. ,   for the Perioperative Quality Initiative (POQI) and Enhanced Recovery after Surgery–Cardiac (ERAS→-Cardiac) investigators
Published: April 2022

AbstractAdvances in cardiac surgical operative techniques and myocardial protection have dramatically improved outcomes in the past two decades. An unfortunate and unintended consequence is that 80% of the preventable morbidity and mortality following cardiac surgery now originates outside of the operating room. Our hope is that a renewed emphasis on evidence-based best practice and standardized perioperative care will reduce overall morbidity and mortality and improve patient-centric care. The Perioperative Quality Initiative (POQI) and Enhanced Recovery After Surgery–Cardiac Society (ERAS® Cardiac) have identified significant evidence gaps in perioperative medicine related to cardiac surgery, defined as areas in which there is significant controversy about how best to manage patients. These five areas of focus include patient blood management, goal-directed therapy, acute kidney injury, opioid analgesic reduction, and delirium.
Alternative measurement systems for recording cardiac activity in animals: a pilot study
Authors: Kahankova Radana , Kolarik Jakub , Brablik Jindřich , Barnova Katerina , Simkova Ivana , Martinek Radek 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMonitoring and assessing cardiac activity in animals, especially heart rate variability, has been gaining importance in the last few years as an indicator of animal health, well-being and physical condition. This pilot study tested the sensors based on ballistocardiography sensing the mechanical vibrations caused by the animal’s cardiovascular system, which have proved useful in measuring cardiac activity in humans. To verify the accuracy of these measurement systems, the conventional measurements based on electrocardiography were carried out and the outcomes were compared. The main objectives were to verify the suitability of these sensors in measuring cardiac activity in animals, to determine the advantages and disadvantages of these sensors, and to identify future challenges. Measurements were performed on various animals, specifically a goat, a cow, a horse, and a sheep. Electrocardiographic measurement, which has demonstrated high accuracy in procedures for animals, was used as the study’s gold standard. A disadvantage of this method, however, is the long time required to prepare animals and shear spots to attach electrodes. The accuracy of a ballistocardiographic sensor was compared to reference electrocardiographic signals based on Bland–Altman plots which analysed the current heart rate values. Unfortunately, the ballistocardiographic sensor was highly prone to poor adhesion to the animal’s body, sensor movement when the animal was restless, and motion artefacts. Ballistocardiographic sensors were shown only to be effective with larger animals, i.e., the horse and the cow, the size of these animals allowing sufficient contact of the sensor with the animal’s body. However, this method’s most significant advantage over the conventional method based on electrocardiography is lower preparation time, since there is no need for precise and time-demanding fixation of the sensor itself and the necessity of shaving the animal’s body.
Externally forced symmetric warming in the Arctic and Antarctic during the second half of the twentieth century
Authors: Liu Jianyu , Luo Yiyong , Liu Fukai 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn recent decades, the two polar regions have exhibited strikingly different changes, with much greater warming in the Arctic than the Antarctic. However, the warming asymmetry between the two polar regions is quite small during the second half of the twentieth century. By using a multi-member ensemble of simulations with the Community Earth System Model, this study investigates the relative contributions of greenhouse gases, aerosol, and ozone forcings to the responses of Arctic and Antarctic surface temperature during 1955–2000. Results show that both the greenhouse gases- and aerosols-induced changes are greater in the Arctic than in the Antarctic, yet they are opposite and act to balance each other, leaving a limited warming in the Arctic and hence a small bipolar asymmetry. Using a radiative kernel, feedback analysis reveals that both greenhouse gases and aerosol forcings influence the polar surface temperature through albedo feedback related to sea ice changes and lapse rate feedback related to strong surface temperature inversion. The ozone forcing can hardly excite any surface temperature changes over the polar regions even in the Antarctic with the strongest ozone depletion, which is due to a cancellation between the cooling effect from radiative forcing and cloud radiative feedback, and the warming effect from lapse rate feedback and enhanced atmospheric heat transport from lower latitudes.
The feasibility of a crossover, randomized controlled trial design to assess the effect of probiotics and prebiotics on health of elite Swiss para-athletes: a study protocol
Authors: Glisic Marija , Flueck Joelle L. , Ruettimann Belinda , Hertig-Godeschalk Anneke , Valido Ezra , Bertolo Alessandro , Stucki Gerold , Stoyanov Jivko 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Spinal cord injury (SCI) may cause an autonomic imbalance in the gastrointestinal tract, leading to deficits in colonic motility, mucosal secretions, vascular tone, and an increase of intestinal barrier permeability. Autonomic denervation and factors such as age, physical activity, antibiotic use and stress may cause intestinal bacterial translocation, decreased microbiota diversity, known as gut dysbiosis and thus increase susceptibility to experiencing gastrointestinal discomfort. Probiotic treatment in individuals with SCI may normalize the gut microbiota and improve overall health. We aim to assess the feasibility of probiotic and prebiotic intervention in athletes with SCI and collect information necessary for sample size calculation of a definite trial on improving health outcomes in para-athletes.

Methods and analysis
Elite Swiss para-athletes (aged> 18 years), being shortlisted for the Paralympic Games 2021 in Tokyo or a member of a national team (n = 43), will be invited to participate in this single-center randomized crossover trial. Athletes suffering from chronic inflammatory bowel diseases, those currently taking antibiotics or other medication to alleviate gastro-intestinal complaints will not be eligible to be included in the study. Athletes will be randomized (1:1) to receive for 4 weeks a daily dose of either 3 g of probiotic preparation or 5 g of prebiotic (organic oat bran) supplementation in addition to usual diet, followed by a 4-week washout period or vice versa. The primary outcome is the feasibility of the study, measured by recruitment and dropout rates, feasibility of the measurements, acceptability and adherence to the intervention. Secondary outcomes include gastrointestinal health assessment, diet and training information, handgrip strength, blood diagnostic parameters, and intestinal microbiome characterization. The changes in clinically relevant secondary outcome values will be used to make a power calculation for definite trial.

Discussion
This pilot trial will address two common challenges in SCI research: the difficulty to recruit enough participants for a sufficiently powered study and the ability to collect data within the limits of a realistic budget and time frame. Upon demonstrated feasibility of the intervention and study procedures, the intervention will be evaluated in a definitive controlled trial comprising a larger sample of para-athletes (elite, engaged, or recreationally active) individuals with a SCI.

Trial registration
NCT04659408
A continuous intravenous insulin infusion protocol to manage high-dose methylprednisolone-induced hyperglycemia in patients with severe COVID-19
Authors: Takahashi Yoshihito , Matsuura Hiroshi , Domi Hisaya , Yamamura Hitoshi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Many patients with severe COVID-19 have impaired glucose tolerance, and steroid therapy is a standard treatment. Thus, good glycemic control is important and correlates with better patient outcomes. We began using a continuous intravenous insulin infusion protocol for glycemic control whose infusion rate changes based on the currently measured value and previous value. This study aimed to evaluate this protocol for COVID-19 patients requiring mechanical ventilation.

Methods
This single-center, retrospective, case control study was conducted on all adult patients who required mechanical ventilation for severe COVID-19 pneumonia admitted to our critical care center from April 1, 2020 through June 20, 2021. Blood glucose levels were measured in all patients every 4 h after admission. We started using the insulin infusion protocol from August 1, 2020. Patients before starting the protocol comprised the non-protocol group and those after starting the protocol comprised the protocol group. Blood glucose levels and hypo- or hyperglycemia events were compared between groups. We also surveyed ICU nurses about their experience using the protocol.

Results
During the study period, 173 patients with COVID-19 were admitted. After 15 patients were excluded for several reasons, the study included 158 patients: non-protocol group (n = 14) and protocol group (n = 144). In the initial phase (days 1–2), blood glucose levels of the protocol group were higher compared with the non-protocol group, and as the number of measurements increased, blood glucose levels were gradually brought under control within the target range in the protocol group. Almost no hypoglycemic events (blood glucose < 80 mg/dL) were detected in either group. The rate of hyperglycemia (blood glucose > 300 mg/dL) was about 5–10% in the initial phase in the protocol group and about 10–15% in the early phase (days 3–4) in the non-protocol group. The questionnaire survey revealed that 80% of ICU nurses responded favorably.

Conclusions
This insulin protocol gradually brought the blood glucose level within target levels in severe COVID-19 patients treated with high-dose steroid. Some hyperglycemia events were detected despite patients being under the protocol in the initial phase, and thus, minor modifications of the protocol might be required in the initial phase.
A review on treatments of hepatocellular carcinoma—role of radio wave ablation and possible improvements
Authors: Dakua Sarada Prasad , Nayak Anchal 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Currently, several treatment options are available for liver cancer depending on various factors such as location, size, shape, and liver function. Image fusion is required for the diagnosis, intervention, and follow-up of certain HCCs. Presently, mental fusion is the only way while diagnosing liver lesions by comparing the ultrasound (US) image with the computed tomography (CT) image. Nevertheless, mental fusion is bound to have errors. The objective of this paper is to study the present treatment options for hepatocellular carcinoma and review the present treatment options, list out their potential limitations, and present a possible alternative solution based on the findings to reduce errors and mistargeting.

Methods
This is a systematic review on the present treatment options for hepatocellular carcinoma, especially radio wave ablation.

Results
It is found that computer fusion is the possible alternative to the present mental registration.

Conclusions
Although computer fusion is the best alternative to use radio wave ablation, there have been a few open-ended questions to further explore.
Cardiac complications in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review
Authors: Brogi E. , Marino F. , Bertini P. , Tavazzi G. , Corradi F. , Forfori F. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCardiac complications in patients with COVID-19 have been described in the literature with an important impact on outcome. The primary objective of our systematic review was to describe the kind of cardiac complications observed in COVID-19 patients and to identify potential predictors of cardiovascular events. The secondary aim was to analyze the effect of cardiac complications on outcome.We performed this systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines using several databases for studies evaluating the type of cardiac complications and risk factors in COVID-19 patients. We also calculated the risk ratio (RR) and 95% CI. A random-effects model was applied to analyze the data. The heterogeneity of the retrieved trials was evaluated through the I2 statistic. Our systematic review included 49 studies. Acute cardiac injury was evaluated in 20 articles. Heart failure and cardiogenic shock were reported in 10 articles. Myocardial infarction was evaluated in seven of the papers retrieved. Takotsubo, myocarditis, and pericardial effusion were reported in six, twelve, and five articles, respectively. Arrhythmic complications were evaluated in thirteen studies. Right ventricular dysfunction was evaluated in six articles. We included 7 studies investigating 2115 patients in the meta-analysis. The RR was 0.20 (95% CI: 0.17 to 0.24; P < 0.00001, I2 = 0.75). Acute cardiac injury represented the prevalent cardiac complications observed in COVID-19 patients (from 20 to 45% of the patients). Patients with acute cardiac injury seemed to be significantly older, with comorbidities, more likely to develop complications, and with higher mortality rates. Acute cardiac injury was found to be an independent risk factor for severe forms of SARS-CoV-2 infection and an independent predictor of mortality. Due to the scarce evidence, it was not possible to draw any conclusion regarding Takotsubo, myocarditis, pleural effusion, and right ventricular dysfunction in COVID-19 patients. Noteworthy, possible arrhythmic alterations (incidence rate of arrhythmia from 3 to 60%) in COVID-19 patients have to be taken into account for the possible complications and the consequent hemodynamic instabilities. Hypertension seemed to represent the most common comorbidities in COVID-19 patients (from 30 to 59.8%). The prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) was high in this group of patients (up to 57%), with coronary artery disease in around 10% of the cases. In the majority of the studies retrieved, patients with CVD had a higher prevalence of severe form, ICU admission, and higher mortality rates.
Seismic interpretation pitfalls caused by interference effects, exemplified by seismic modeling of outcropping chalk successions
Authors: Qu Dongfang , Anderskouv Kresten , Stemmerik Lars , Nielsen Lars 
Published: April 2022

Interference and inherent resolution limitations are well-recognized problems in reflection seismic data and have over time led to misinterpretations. Acquisition of seismic data containing a broad range of frequencies, including high frequencies, does not solve this problem but merely moves the problem to a finer scale. Forward seismic modeling of known geologic scenarios is a valuable tool for studying anticipated seismic responses of successions with a given set of geologic and/or rock physical characteristics and for predicting interpretational challenges. We perform finite-difference-based seismic forward modeling on a conceptual geologic model derived from outcropping chalk sections in southeast Denmark and evaluate possible pitfalls that may hamper interpretation of seismic data acquired from strata with similar characteristics. We demonstrate that interbedded strata with contrasting physical properties and variable thickness can result in interference effects resembling faults and fractures. The result has significance for characterization, e.g., geothermal sites, potential CO2 storage targets, groundwater reservoirs, and hydrocarbon exploration sites, in which the proper imaging of faults and fractures from seismic data is an essential task.
A key clinical consideration: antidepressant withdrawal or illness relapse?
Authors: Malhi Gin S. , Bell Erica 
Published: April 2022

SUMMARYDistinguishing the symptoms of antidepressant withdrawal from those of relapse is a complex issue that has an impact on a significant number of clinicians and patients. This commentary expands on several important points made by Horowitz & Taylor in their examination of this critically under-researched area and illustrates the relationships between symptoms, and how their onset may provide insights into their aetiology.
Left Freudians
Authors: Colston Alex 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAre the limits of psychoanalytic politics the limits of the politics of psychoanalysis’s founding father, Sigmund Freud? This article offers an answer to this question by discussing Freud’s political affinities and then recounting a short history of the “Left Freudians,” psychoanalytic thinkers who broke with Freud’s old-style liberalism. Freud was neither a communist nor a political radical, but he was the figurehead of a tradition of inquiry and body of knowledge that lent itself to radical political thought and practice. How does psychoanalytic thinking justify this ideological break? Beginning with anarchist Otto Gross, this article traces a genealogy of radical psychoanalytic thinkers through the historical depoliticization and repression of political psychoanalysis, unearthing its more radical proponents and critiques and substantiating Gross’s assertion that psychoanalysis is preparatory work for the revolution. At the end of the genealogy, the article turns to psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan’s infamous and emblematic encounter with provocateurs from the radical student movement. Neither as domineering nor paternalistic as he seemed, Lacan’s diagnosis of the revolutionaries as hysterical helots should be read as his own provocation for them to clarify their desire, because the purpose of political psychoanalysis is to understand the unconscious desire involved in political acts.
Thrombectomy for acute ischaemic stroke: evaluation of a bespoke ambulance-based simulation package for stroke nurses
Authors: Cluckie Gill , Corns Jennifer 
Published: April 2022

Background/Aims: Thrombectomy patients are often transferred to a thrombectomy centre with a nurse escort. This article reports the evaluation of a bespoke simulation course for these nurses. Methods: The Standardised Thrombectomy Ambulance Transfer Simulations (STATS) course was a high-fidelity simulation course using static ambulances and an immersion room. Evaluation was by questionnaire and data were managed in Excel. Results: A total of 35 nurses from six hospitals evaluated the course and all rated it as excellent or very good. Benefits reported were the use of simulation for realism and the practice of transfer skills. Self-reported median confidence ratings increased from 5 to 9/10. Key learning was reported in patient management, teamwork and communication, and knowledge about thrombectomy. Conclusions: The STATS course supports the role of simulation in education for nurses undertaking thrombectomy transfers. As thrombectomy services develop in the UK, simulation provides an opportunity for education and practice for this role.
Prevalence and determinants of late-stage presentation among cervical cancer patients, a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tekalign Tiwabwork , Teshome Mister 
Published: April 2022

Background
An estimated 570,000 women were diagnosed with cervical cancer worldwide, and about 311,000 women died from the disease. Cervical cancer is possibly the most curable human cancer; if detected at the precancerous stage. Additionally, early diagnosis and management other factors are essential to decrease mortality rate among those patients. So this review was aimed to identify the prevalence and determinants of late-stage presentation among cervical cancer patients.

Methods
A systematic search had carried out on PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane, Scopus, Web of Science CINAHL, and manually on Google Scholar. This meta-analysis follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of each study. A meta-analysis was done using a random-effects method using the STATA™ Version 14 software.

Result
Twenty-five studies from 3 world regions with 53,233 participants were enrolled in this meta-analysis. The overall estimated global pooled prevalence of late-stage presentation among cervical cancer patients with a random-effects model was 60.66% (95% CI: 56.27, 65.06). The subgroup analysis revealed that the prevalence of late-stage presentation was 62.60% in Africa, 69.30% in Asia, 46.51% in Europe, and 50.16% in North America. Educational status (p = 0.031) and place of residence (p = 0.004) are determinants of late-stage presentation.

Conclusion
The results of this meta-analysis indicated that the prevalence of late-stage presentation of cervical cancer is substantially high. Place of residence and educational status were significantly associated with late-stage presentation. Health care organizations should work on early screening, management, and on increasing community awareness to minimize late stage at presentation among those patients.