bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Restrictions in care following the COVID-19 pandemic severely impacted Machado-Joseph disease patients: a study in the Azores Islands, Portugal
Authors: Couto Daniela , Sousa Liliana , Sequeiros Jorge , Lima Manuela , Mendes Álvaro 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This qualitative study describes how the restrictions imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic impacted on Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) patients and their care, in the island of São Miguel (the Azores, Portugal). In-person semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 participants, including patients, family members, healthcare professionals and care providers. Main findings highlighted the key role played by the local association in psychosocial and healthcare for MJD patients and families; and the adverse effects on their care following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, hindered access to the day-care centre increased isolation and had a negative impact on mental health and disease progression. For persons with a progressive and severe neurological disease there is no “back to normal”. Future restrictive measures ensuing need to be accompanied by a careful definition of daily care routines for patients.
Anti-SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies in human breast milk following SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Fernández-Buhigas Irene , Rayo Nieves , Silos Julia Cuesta , Serrano Berta , Ocón-Hernández Olga , Leung Bo Wah , Delgado Juan Luis , Sánchez-Nieves David , Valle Silvia , de Miguel Laura , Salgado Aroa , Tanoira Ramón Perez , Rolle Valeria , Santacruz Belén , Gil María M , Poon Liona C. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundWhile the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in human breast milk is contentious, anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies have been consistently detected in the human breast milk. However, it is uncertain when the antibodies become present and for how long they last.Methods:This was a prospective cohort study including all consecutive pregnant women with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy, recruited at six maternity units in Spain and Hong Kong over a one-year period. Colostrum and mature milk were prospectively collected by manual expression with strict contact precautions and paired maternal blood samples were also collected. Colostrum samples were first tested with rRT-PCR-SARS-CoV-2 and skimmed acellular milk and maternal sera were tested against SARS-CoV-2 specific immunoglobulin (Ig) M, A and G reactive to receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein 1 to determine the presence of immunoglobulins. Then, we examined how the presence of each immunoglobulin type in the colostrum was related to the time when infection was acquired by logistic regression analysis and how they were correlated to the immunoglobulins present in maternal serum and mature milk by Cohen’s kappa statistic.Results187 pregnant women with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy or at delivery were recruited. No SARS-CoV-2 was found in the human breast milk. IgA and IgG were present in 129/162 and 5/163 colostrum samples and in 19/74 and 3/74 mature milk samples, respectively. IgA was the predominant immunoglobulin found in the breast milk and its levels were significantly higher in the colostrum than in the mature milk. We did not find that the presence of immunoglobulins in the colostrum was correlated to their presence in maternal serum, the severity of the disease or the time when the infection had occurred. InterpretationSince antibodies are found in the colostrum irrespective of the time of infection and SARS-CoV-2 is not detected in human breast milk, all women should be encouraged to breastfeed, undertaking contact precautions when there is active disease.Funding This study was conducted thanks to scholarships granted by the Spanish Ministry of Health (Instituto de Salud Carlos III: COV20/00188) and by iMaterna foundation (www.imaterna.org). PerkinElmer® provided the laboratory reagents and Synlab Diagnósticos Globales (Madrid, Spain) provided human resources to conduct the analyses performed in Madrid.
Adaptation on xylose improves glucose-xylose co-utilization and ethanol production in a carbon catabolite repression (CCR) compromised ethanologenic strain
Authors: Dev Chandra , Jilani Syed Bilal , Yazdani Syed Shams 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Sugar hydrolyzates from lignocellulosic biomass are majorly composed of glucose and xylose that can be fermented to biofuels. Bacteria, despite having the natural ability to consume xylose are unable to consume it in presence of glucose due to a Carbon Catabolite Repression (CCR) mechanism, leading to overall reduced productivity and incomplete xylose utilization due to ethanol build-up. In our effort to develop a strain for simultaneous fermentation of glucose and xylose into ethanol, we deleted ptsG in ethanologenic E.coli SSK42 to make it deficient in CCR and performed adaptive laboratory evolution to achieve accelerated growth rate, sugar consumption and ethanol production. Finally, we performed proteomics study to identify changes that might have been responsible for the observed improved phenotype of the evolved strain.Results: The parental strain of SSK42, i.e., wild-type E.coli B, did not co-utilize glucose and xylose as expected. After deleting the ptsG gene encoding the EIIBCGlc subunit of PTS system, glucose consumption is severely affected in wild-type E.coli B. However, the ethanologenic, SSK42 strain, which was evolved in our earlier study on both glucose and xylose, didn’t show such a drastic effect of EIIBCGlc deletion, instead consumed glucose first, followed by xylose without delay for switching from one sugar to another. To improve growth on xylose and co-utilization capabilities, the ptsG deleted SSK42 was evolved on xylose. The strain evolved for 78 generations, strain SCD78, displayed significant co-utilization of glucose and xylose sugars. At the bioreactor level, the strain SCD78 produced 3-times the ethanol titer of the parent strain with significant glucose-xylose co-utilization. The rate of glucose and xylose consumption also increased 3.4-fold and 3-fold, respectively. Proteome data indicates significant upregulation of TCA cycle proteins, respiration-related proteins and some transporters which may have a role in increasing the total sugar consumption and co-utilization of sugars.Conclusion: Through adaptive evolution, we have obtained a strain that has a significant glucose-xylose co-utilization phenotype with 3-fold higher total sugar consumption rate and ethanol production rate compared to the unevolved strain. This study also points out that adaptation on xylose is enough to impart glucose–xylose co-utilization property in CCR compromised ethanologenic strain SSK42.
Physiological and biochemical alterations in Capsicum annuum L. by the false root-knot nematode Nacobbus aberrans.
Authors: Bernardo Valeria Fernanda , Garita Sebastian A. , González Matias A. , Arango Maria C. , Saparrat Mario C.N. , Ruscitti Marcela F. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Nacobbus aberrans is responsible for producing significant production losses in numerous crops. For this reason, it is considered a major economic pest in several countries. In recent years, its incidence increased mainly in greenhouse crops. This work focused on the responses of various physiological and biochemical parameters of pepper plants growing in a soil infected by nematodes. The experiment was conducted under controlled conditions. A significant reduction in growth was observed in the inoculated plants, showing less accumulation of dry matter both in the aerial part and in the roots. The leaves of the inoculated plants presented lower chlorophyll and soluble proteins contents than the non-inoculated plants. Malonyldialdehyde content was higher in roots and leaves of inoculated plants than in plants without nematodes. An increase in the catalase and peroxidase activity was observed in plants infected by N. aberrans. The loss of functionality of the inoculated roots induced water stress.This was also confirmed by a greater accumulation of proline and sugars, metabolites used as osmoregulators in situations of water deficit.
Morphological difference of populations of Central Asian tortoise Agrionemys horsfieldii (GRAY 1844) distributed in Kashkadarya region
Authors: Yangiboyev Elmurod , Raximov Matnazar , Baltabayev Odamboy 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This article provides a classification of morphological features of the Central Asian tortoise species Agrionemys horsfieldii (Gray 1844) distributed in Kashkadarya region. The data presented in the article are based on research materials conducted in Kashkadarya region in 2019-2022. Eleven sites were selected for the study, including biogeocinoses of deserts (260-600m above sea level), foothills(800-1500m above sea level) and mountains(1800-2200m above sea level). The reason, it is expedient to study morphological changes resulting from ecological adaptation in biogeocenoses, because a particular ecological environment leads to the encounter of similar individuals between subspecies. The differences between the morphological characteristics of the samples (n=204) taken over the whole region were then examined by means of mathematical modeling of pholidosis and morphological features. The aim of the study was to study the morphological differences of tortoises found in Kashkadarya region and to distinguish them as different subspecies or one subspecies. During the study, individuals belonging to the genus Agrionemys were returned in 8 of the 11 areas. When we looked at the carpases of A. horsfieldii (Gray 1844) individuals, we found that the distance difference between the 3,6,8 marginales scales was different, and we formed the W6M/W3M, W6M/W8M parameter for biostatistics from them, that this difference could determine the subspecies. And this parameter was analyzed by software XLSTAT done. Geometric morphology was then mathematically modeled using TPS until64 and TPS digetal256 software and analyzed by MorphoJ software.
RNASE2 is a prognostic biomarker and is correlated with immune infiltration in glioma
Authors: Niu Wanxiang , He Hu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Ribonuclease A family member 2 (RNASE2) is upregulated in many cancers and has been identified to be involved in the progression of the malignant process. However, the association of RNASE2 with glioma remains unclear. The expression of RNASE2 in glioma was first analyzed based on data obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were used to assess the prognostic value of RNASE2 in glioma. And Kaplan–Meier plots was designed to explore the correlation between RNASE2 expression and the patient prognosis. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed based on the TCGA dataset. The correlation between RNASE2 and immune infiltration was evaluated based on data in the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER). In addition, the results were validated based on the Rembrandt cohort and Gravendeel cohort and real-time PCR (RT-PCR). Our results highlighted that RNASE2 plays a key role as an independent prognostic factor in glioma. RNASE2 expression is associated with grade, IDH status, and 1p/19q codeletion. GSEA revealed that RNASE2 is closely correlated with the immune response. The RNASE2 expression level has significantly positive correlations with levels of infiltrating macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils and NK cells in glioma. In conclusion, RNASE2 is a prognostic biomarker and correlates with immune infiltration in glioma.
A case of pseudoaneurysm of ascending aorta without previous cardiovascular surgery and any clinical symptoms - a case report
Authors: Chen Qiu-lin , Lai Qian-cheng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: False aneurysm of ascending aorta is a rare and life-threatening disease. Most of them occur after cardiovascular surgery and have obvious clinical symptoms. Case presentation: A very healthy adult male was admitted to hospital due to mediastinal space occupying during routine physical examination. The patient had no history of surgery and no clinical symptoms. He was diagnosed with a pseudoaneurysm of the ascending aorta and underwent internal suture of the aneurysm with peripheral cardiopulmonary bypass. We also found that there was a kind of circular weak part in front of the ascending aorta, with a diameter of about 2cm. We don't know if he has immune related or unknown diseases related to the middle layer of the aorta. Finally, the patient recovered well. Conclusions: This case report can improve the awareness of the rare diseases of pseudoaneurysm of ascending aorta, and the diagnosis of ascending aortic pseudoaneurysm should not be ignored in patients with mediastinal space occupying lesions found in routine physical examination.
The circularly permuted globin domain of Androglobin
Authors: Reeder Brandon , Deganutti Giuseppe , Ukeri John , Atanasio Silvia , Svistunenko Dimitri , Ronchetti Christopher , Mobarec Juan Calos , Vos Marten , Wilson Michael , Reynolds Christopher 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Androglobin, is a recently discovered circularly permuted, multi-domain is hemoglobin. Using a remote homologue alignment method, coupled with molecular modelling and molecular dynamics, we identified the alignment to other hemoglobins. This guided the first stable recombinant expression of an androglobin domain and the first structural and biochemical characterization of the globin domain of androglobin, which is split by an IQ domain. Tyrosine is found in place of the highly conserved phenylalanine that resides in the highly conserved CD1 position, a structural feature unknown in eukaryotes but common in prokaryotic globins. As expressed, the heme iron is hexacoordinate in the ferrous form but partially pentacoordinate in the ferric form. Exceptional in the globin superfamily, but similar to other hemoproteins such as cytochrome c’, the heme iron binds nitric oxide as a five coordinate complex. This work expands our knowledge of the fundamental chemistry of this hitherto elusive medically important protein.
Changes in Intestinal Flora Following Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Patients with Multidrug-Resistant organisms Infection
Authors: Wei Yao , Yu Hang , Zhao Chenyan , Kong Jindan , Liu Xueke , Jin Jun , Huichen  
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundIncidence of antimicrobial-resistant infections has increased dramatically worldwide in the past few decades. To combat this alarming problem, strategies preventing colonization with resistant pathogens have been proposed. Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)may help in decolonizing multidrug-resistant organisms(MRO) and in preventing recurrent infections. In this study, efficacy of FMT against multidrug resistance was assessed.MethodsThree patients that suffered from multidrug resistance complicated with diarrhea were enrolled from January 2019 to September 2020. All had severe pulmonary infections. Standard FMT was given, and whole metagenome sequencing of stool was conducted before and after FMT.ResultsAll patients accepted FMT, and 12 samples were harvested. All treatments were successful, and there were no adverse events. All patients showed a decrease in species of intestinal flora, but FMT could recover some of the diversity. Normal people had the lowest abundance of antimicrobial-resistant genes (ARGs), but the patients had the highest abundance before FMT. FMT decreased ARGs to some extent. Nineteen ARG subtypes were significantly different between the normal group and the patients.ConclusionsPatients with MRO infections had increased abundance of ARGs and low bacterial diversity. FMT eradicated ARGs and restored microbial diversity, and there were no serious adverse events.Trial registration: retrospectively registered.
The Sustainable Development and Economic Impact of China’s Belt and Road Initiative in Ethiopia
Authors: Bharti Mukesh Shankar 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this research is to assess the economic growth and sustainable development of Ethiopia. To what extent does Chinese investment contribute to the overall economic development of Ethiopia after the Belt Road Initiatives (BRI)? What are the main focus areas for development in the region and how do BRI projects connect people with this initiative in the country? This research examines the development process under the use of a case study and discursive analysis to know the result of the investigation. The study is deeply elaborated and the technique adds the analytical and qualitative methods. Further, this research tries to highlight the key approaches and concepts of the Chinese engagement in Ethiopia. And country achieves development in several sectors after the BRI initiatives. The BRI projects successfully pioneer the transport systems, road, railway, small industry, automobile sectors, and health development programs in Ethiopia. As result, the Chinese investments bring changes to the country after the successful launch of the BRI initiatives in the country. Furthermore, as a conclusion of the investigation, study describes that there is a need to initiate many projects to improve human social and economic life in Ethiopia. Because the country is suffering from many internal problems and China has to work to eradicate recurring problems in the country. As an external actor, the role of China gains importance in Ethiopia in the context of the New Silk Road economic engagement in the African Continent.
Behavioral Modification of an Uncooperative Preschool Child with Sickle Beta Thalassemia Disease in a Dental Clinic: A Case Report
Authors: Alhasan Hussain , Samara Ahmad , Bamashmous Nada , Sabbagh Heba Jafar 
Published: May 2022

Background:Treating medically compromised pediatric patients with dental anxiety can be challenging, especially when general anesthesia and sedation are not an option. This paper reported a case of an uncooperative preschool child who was medically compromised and presented in the dental clinic with Severe-Early-Childhood-Caries (S-ECC). The dental behavior management of such a case was not previously discussed in the literature.Case Presentation:This paper explains the dental management and behavior modification carried out for a 5-year-old male child who was diagnosed with sickle beta thalassemia disease (Sβ-thalassemia), S-ECC, had a negative dental behavior, and was successfully and efficiently treated under a dental setting. The patient presented with his mother, who was concerned about her child’s decayed teeth and sought dental treatment as soon as possible to avoid any risk of infection. Dental examination revealed multiple dental caries and high caries risk. The patient’s behavior can be classified as definitely negative with high level of anxiety. The mother showed permissive parenting and the father exerted an authoritative parenting style. Dental management focused mainly on child behavioral modificationviautilizing the difference between the parenting styles. Middle way of treatment, the child showed behavioral improvement, which was progressing toward the end of the treatment. Teeth were successfully restored with composite and metal crowns.Conclusion:With several behavior management techniques and understanding the parenting styles, the patient's behavior improved, and the treatment plan was successfully used on a dental chair without the need for more advanced management under general anesthesia.
Long-term Effects of a Social Media–Based Intervention (Run4Love) on Depressive Symptoms of People Living With HIV: 3-Year Follow-up of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Guo Yan , Li Yingqi , Yu Chuanchuan , Xu He , Hong Y Alicia , Wang Xiaolan , Zhang Nanxiang , Zeng Yu , Monroe-Wise Aliza , Li Linghua , Liu Cong , Cai Weiping , Lin Aihua 
Published: May 2022

Background
Emerging studies have shown the effectiveness of mobile health (mHealth) interventions in reducing depressive symptoms among people living with HIV. Most of these studies included only short-term follow-up, with limited data on long-term effects.

Objective
The purpose of this study is to assess the long-term effects of a randomized controlled trial called Run4Love on depressive symptoms among people living with HIV at 1-year and 3-year follow-ups.

Methods
A total of 300 people living with HIV with depressive symptoms were recruited and randomized to an intervention or a control group in Guangzhou, China, from September 2017 to January 2018. The intervention group received a 3-month Run4Love program, including adapted evidence-based cognitive behavioral stress management courses and exercise promotion via WeChat (Tencent), a popular social media app. The control group received usual care and a brochure on nutrition. The primary outcome was reduction in depressive symptoms, measured using the Center for Epidemiological Studies–Depression (CES-D) scale. Data used in this study were collected at baseline and at the 1-year and 3-year follow-ups. Generalized estimating equations were used to examine the group differences at 1-year and 3-year follow-ups.

Results
Approximately half of the participants completed the assessment at 1-year (149/300, 49.7%) and 3-year (177/300, 59%) follow-ups. At 1-year follow-up, participants in the intervention group reported significant reduction in depressive symptoms compared with the control group (CES-D: from 23.9 to 18.1 in the intervention group vs from 24.3 to 23.3 in the control group; mean −4.79, SD 13.56; 95% CI −7.78 to −1.81; P=.002). At 3-year follow-up, between-group difference in CES-D remained statistically significant (from 23.9 to 20.5 in the intervention group vs from 24.3 to 24.4 in the control group; mean −3.63, SD 13.35; 95% CI −6.71 to −0.54; P=.02). No adverse events were reported during the 3-year follow-up period.

Conclusions
The mHealth intervention, Run4Love, significantly reduced depressive symptoms among people living with HIV, and the intervention effects were sustained at 1-year and 3-year follow-ups. Further research is needed to explore the mechanisms of the long-term effects of mHealth interventions such as Run4Love and to implement these effective interventions among people living with HIV.

Trial Registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR-IPR-17012606; https://trialsearch.who.int/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=ChiCTR-IPR-17012606

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
RR2-10.2196/10274