bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Impacts of a Dynamic Exercise Program vs. a Mediterranean Diet on Serum Cytokine Concentrations in Women With Rheumatoid Arthritis. A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Lozada-Mellado Mariel , Llorente Luis , Hinojosa-Azaola Andrea , García-Morales José M. , Ogata-Medel Midori , Alcocer-Varela Jorge , Pineda-Juárez Juan A. , Castillo-Martínez Lilia 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a disease characterized by a chronic inflammatory state. High pro-inflammatory cytokine levels are associated with disease activity. Exercise and the Mediterranean diet (MD) exert anti-inflammatory effects; however, their impacts on inflammation in RA patients remains unknown. This study aimed to compare the effects of six-months of dynamic exercise program (DEP) vs. MD on pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine serum concentrations.MethodsSecondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial in which 90 women with RA were randomly assigned to the DEP (n = 30), MD (n = 30), or control group (n = 30). All patients received pharmacological treatment. Serum concentrations of pro-inflammatory (TNF-α, TNF-β, IL-1β, IL-6 pg/mL) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10, IL-Ra pg/mL) cytokines were measured at baseline and after 6 months using the Luminex technique.ResultsAfter 6 months of follow-up, we found an improvement of the median percentages changes concentrations of TNF-α (DEP, −12.3; MD, −13.3; control, 73.2; p = 0.01), TNF-β (DEP, −67.4; MD, −54.9; control, 0; p = 0.04), and IL-6 (DEP, −19.9; MD, −37.7; control, 45.5; p = 0.04) in the DEP and MED groups in comparison with control group. IL-1Ra concentrations increased only in the MD group (13.8) compared to levels in the control group (−31.7), p = 0.04. There were no statistically significant differences between DEP and MD groups. Only n = 27 participants in the DEP group, n = 26 in the MD group, and n = 21 in the control group completed the follow-up.ConclusionThe DEP and the MD have potential effects in the concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines compared with those in a control group. Only the MD elevated the concentration of IL-Ra.Clinical Trial Registration[ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT02900898].
Assessing Visceral Obesity and Abdominal Adipose Tissue Distribution in Healthy Populations Based on Computed Tomography: A Large Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kong Ming , Xu Manman , Zhou Ying , Geng Nan , Lin Ning , Song Wenyan , Li Shanshan , Piao Yuetong , Han Zuoqing , Guo Rong , Yang Chao , Luo Nan , Wang Zhong , Ma Lei , Xu Quanxiao , Wang Lili , Qiu Wanchun , Li Junfeng , Shi Daimeng , Cheung Eddie C. , Li Rongkuan , Chen Yu , Duan Zhongping 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveAbdominal adipose is closely related to many endocrine and metabolic diseases. The aim of this study was to analyze the distribution of abdominal adipose tissue in a healthy population in northern China determined by abdominal computed tomography (CT).MethodsData for this study were obtained from a multicenter, retrospective, cross-sectional study that collected abdominal CT scans of 1787 healthy individuals from 4 representative cities in northern China. Areas of visceral adipose tissue (VATA) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SATA) were obtained by measuring CT images at the level of the 3rd lumbar vertebra. Visceral adipose tissue index (VATI) and subcutaneous adipose index (SATI) were obtained by normalizing the square of height to analyze the distribution of the above indexes and visceral obesity among different body mass index (BMI), gender and age.ResultsThe mean age of this healthy population was 45.3 ± 15.2 years and the mean BMI was 23.5 ± 3.2 kg/m2, with 902 men and 885 women. Compared with women, men had a significantly higher median VATA (120.9 vs. 67.2 cm2), VATI (39.1 vs. 25.6 cm2/m2) and a significantly higher percentage of visceral adiposity (VATA ≥ 100 cm2) (60.8 vs. 30.4%), while women had significantly higher SATA (116.9 vs. 146.7 cm2) and SATI (38.8 vs. 55.8 cm2/m2) than men. Whether men or women, VATI was positively correlated with age. Interestingly, SATI was weakly positively correlated with age in women, while SATI was weakly negatively correlated with age in men. In persons with a normal BMI, the proportion of visceral adiposity increases with age, whereas in men with a normal BMI, the proportion of visceral adiposity decreases after the age of 60 years but remains &gt;50%.ConclusionsThe distribution of abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue parameters measured by CT differed among gender, age, and BMI. Even men and women with normal BMI have a high proportion of visceral obesity.
Associations of Dietary Vitamin A and Beta-Carotene Intake With Depression. A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
Authors: Zhang Yi , Ding Jun , Liang Jieyu 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveTo clarify the associations of dietary vitamin A and beta-carotene intake with depression based on a meta-analysis of observational studies.MethodsAn extensive literature search on February 2022 (PubMed, Web of Science and Embase) was employed to identify observational studies on the associations of dietary vitamin A and beta-carotene intake with depression. The pooled relative risk (RR) of depression for the highest vs. lowest dietary vitamin A and beta-carotene intake category, and the standard mean difference (SMD) of dietary vitamin A and beta-carotene intake for depression vs. control subjects, were calculated.ResultsA total of 25 observational studies (100,955 participants), which included 24 cross-sectional/case-control and 1 prospective cohort study, were included in this study. The overall multi-variable adjusted RR demonstrated that dietary vitamin A intake was inversely associated with depression (RR= 0.83, 95%CI: 0.70–1.00;P= 0.05). In addition, the combined SMD showed that the dietary vitamin A intake in depression was also lower than that in control subjects (SMD = −0.13, 95%CI: −0.18 to −0.07;P&lt; 0.001). On the other hand, the overall multi-variable adjusted RR indicated that dietary beta-carotene intake was negatively associated with depression (RR= 0.63, 95%CI: 0.55–0.72;P&lt; 0.001). The combined SMD showed that the dietary beta-carotene intake in depression was also lower than that in control subjects (SMD = −0.34, 95%CI: −0.48 to −0.20;P&lt; 0.001).ConclusionOur results suggest that both dietary vitamin A and beta-carotene intake is inversely associated with depression. However, due to the limited evidence, further prospective cohort studies are still needed.
Comparison of [3H]-Thymidine, Carboxyfluorescein Diacetate Succinimidyl Ester and Ki-67 in Lymphocyte Proliferation
Authors: Lee Hsin-Ju , Gau Chun-Chun , Lee Wan-Fang , Lee Wen-I , Huang Jing-Long , Chen Shih-Hsiang , Yeh Ho-Yu , Liang Chi-Jou , Fu Shih-Hang 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundPatients with T cell deficiency &lt;10% of normal proliferation are indicated to receive immune reconstruction by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). This study aimed to investigate whether non-radioactive assays can be used to quantitatively detect the lymphocyte proliferation &lt;10% of normal as radioactive [3H]-thymidine.”MethodsRadioactive [3H]-thymidine, non-radioactive carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE), and Ki-67 protein expressions were used to measure the lymphocyte proliferation as calculated using the stimulation index (SI), subtraction percentage, and proliferation index (FlowJo software). Normal references were established for comparison in the absence of parallel healthy controls.ResultsNormal ranges of mitogen-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation were established as a SI of 15–267 (CSFE 47–92%, Ki-67 42–79%) with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) 5 μg/ml stimulation; 19–139 (CFSE 62–83%, 45–74% Ki-67) with concanavalin-A (ConA) 5 μg/ml stimulation; 7–53 (CFSE 6–23%, Ki-67 10–24%) with pokeweed mitogen (PWM) 0.1 ug/ml stimulation; 3–28 (CFSE 4–10%, Ki-67 5–14%) with candida 10 ug/ml stimulation; and 2–27 (CFSE 6–41%, Ki-67 6–30%) with bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) 0.02 ng/ml stimulation. The normalized CFSE-proliferation index was between 2.1 and 3.0. Although there was no significant correlation between these three assays in the healthy controls, the SI value for &lt;10% [3H]-thymidine proliferation in those with T cell deficiency was compatible with CFSE- and Ki-67-stained lymphocyte percentages, and validated in patients withIL2RG, RAG1, andZAP70mutations. When calculating [3H]-thymidine &lt;10% of normal lymphocyte proliferation, the threshold of parallel controls was more reliable than previously established normal references.ConclusionThe large quantitative value of radioactive [3H]-thymidine was more easily recognizable than that for non-radioactive CFSE and Ki-67. Even though the correlation was not significant, those identified to have &lt;10% of normal proliferation by [3H]-thymidine could be consistently detected by CFSE and Ki-67, and consequently indicated for HSCT.
COVID-19 Infection During Pregnancy Induces Differential Gene Expression in Human Cord Blood Cells From Term Neonates
Authors: Gayen nee' Betal Suhita , Urday Pedro , Al-Kouatly Huda B. , Solarin Kolawole , Chan Joanna S. Y. , Addya Sankar , Boelig Rupsa C. , Aghai Zubair H. 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic continues worldwide with fluctuating case numbers in the United States. This pandemic has affected every segment of the population with more recent hospitalizations in the pediatric population. Vertical transmission of COVID-19 is uncommon, but reports show that there are thrombotic, vascular, and inflammatory changes in the placenta to which neonates are prenatally exposed. Individuals exposed in utero to influenza during the 1918 pandemic had increased risk for heart disease, kidney disease, diabetes, stomach disease and hypertension. Early exposure of COVID-19 during fetal life may lead to altered gene expression with potential long-term consequences.ObjectiveTo determine if gene expression is altered in cord blood cells from term neonates who were exposed to COVID-19 during pregnancy and to identify potential gene pathways impacted by maternal COVID-19.MethodsCord blood was collected from 16 term neonates (8 exposed to COVID-19 during pregnancy and 8 controls without exposure to COVID-19). Genome-wide gene expression screening was performed using Human Clariom S gene chips on total RNA extracted from cord blood cells.ResultsWe identified 510 differentially expressed genes (374 genes up-regulated, 136 genes down-regulated, fold change ≥1.5, p-value ≤ 0.05) in cord blood cells associated with exposure to COVID-19 during pregnancy. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis identified important canonical pathways associated with diseases such as cardiovascular disease, hematological disease, embryonic cancer and cellular development. Tox functions related to cardiotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity were also altered after exposure to COVID-19 during pregnancy.ConclusionsExposure to COVID-19 during pregnancy induces differential gene expression in cord blood cells. The differentially expressed genes may potentially contribute to cardiac, hepatic, renal and immunological disorders in offspring exposed to COVID-19 during pregnancy. These findings lead to a further understanding of the effects of COVID-19 exposure at an early stage of life and its potential long-term consequences as well as therapeutic targets.
Assessing Implementation of Helping Babies Breathe Program Through Observing Immediate Care of Neonates at Time of Delivery
Authors: Mayer Martha , Xhinti Nomvuyo , Dyavuza Vuyiswa , Bobotyana Luzuko , Perlman Jeffrey , Velaphi Sithembiso 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundTraining in neonatal resuscitation has been shown to reduce deaths related to intrapartum asphyxia. Helping Babies Breathe (HBB) is a simulation-based program focusing on training healthcare providers (HCPs) in immediate neonatal care including stimulation, initiating bag mask ventilation (BMV) in the absence of breathing by 1 min of life, and delayed (30–60 s after birth) umbilical cord clamping (DCC). Data on implementation of HBB posttraining are limited.ObjectiveTo determine time from birth to spontaneous breathing, cord clamping, and initiation of BMV in a setting where the majority of HCPs are HBB trained.MethodsTwo research nurses observed deliveries conducted in two referral hospitals. Timing included the onset of breathing, cord clamping, and initiation of BMV. Deliveries were grouped according to the mode of delivery.ResultsIn total, 496 neonates were observed; 410 (82.7%) neonates cried or had spontaneous breathing (median time 17 s) soon after birth, 25/86 (29%) of neonates not breathing responded to stimulation, 61 (12.3%) neonates required BMV, and 2 (0.4%) neonates required chest compression and/or adrenalin. Neonates delivered by cesarean section (CS) took longer to initiate first breath than those delivered vaginally (median time 19 vs. 14 s; p = 0.009). Complete data were available in 58/61 (95%) neonates receiving BMV, which was initiated in 54/58 (93%) cases within 60 s of life (the “Golden Minute”). Median time to cord clamping was 74 s, with 414 (83.5%) and 313 (63.0%) having cord clamped at ≥ 30 and ≥ 60 s, respectively. Factors associated with BMV were CS delivery [odds ratio (OR) 29.9; 95% CI 3.37–229], low birth weight (LBW) (birthweight &lt; 2,500 g) (OR 2.47; 95% CI 1.93–5.91), and 1 min Apgar score &lt; 7 (OR 149; 95% CI 49.3–5,021). DCC (≥ 60 s) was less likely following CS delivery (OR 0.14; 95% CI 0.02–0.99) and being LBW (OR 0.43; 95% CI 0.24–0.77).ConclusionApproximately 83% of neonates initiated spontaneous breathing soon after birth and 29% of neonates not breathing responded to physical stimulation. BMV was initiated within the Golden Minute in most neonates, but under two-thirds had DCC (≥60 s). HBB implementation followed guidelines, suggesting that knowledge and skills taught from HBB are retained and applied by HCP.
Engineering of Stimulus-Responsive Pirfenidone Liposomes for Pulmonary Delivery During Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Han Meishan , Song Yingjian , Liu Sha , Lu Xiaoyan , Su Linyu , Liu Meixuan , Zhu Xiaosu , Sun Kaoxiang , Lu Yanan , Wang Aiping 
Published: April 2022

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an interstitial lung disease characterized by progressive and irreversible loss of lung function. Clinically safe and efficacious drug treatments for IPF are lacking. Pirfenidone (an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-fibrotic small-molecule drug) is considered a promising treatment for IPF. Unfortunately, several disadvantages of pirfenidone caused by traditional administration (e.g., gastrointestinal reactions, short elimination half-life) hinder its implementation. We designed pirfenidone pH-sensitive liposomes (PSLs) to target the acidic microenvironment of IPF and act directly at the disease site through pulmonary administration. Pirfenidone was encapsulated in liposomes to extend its half-life, and modified with polyethylene glycol on the surface of liposomes to improve the permeability of the mucus layer in airways. In vitro, the cytotoxicity of pirfenidone PSLs to pulmonary fibroblasts was increased significantly at 48 h compared with that using pirfenidone. In a murine and rat model of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, pirfenidone PSLs inhibited IPF development and increased PSL accumulation in the lungs compared with that using pirfenidone solution or phosphate-buffered saline. Pirfenidone PSLs had potentially fewer side effects and stronger lung targeting. These results suggest that pirfenidone PSLs are promising preparations for IPF treatment.
A Validation Study of Heart Rate Variability Index in Monitoring Basketball Training Load
Authors: Jin Naijing , Tian Jie , Li Yue , Mi Jing 
Published: April 2022

This study aimed to investigate whether the heart rate variability index (TLHRV) during five ball-drills could be used to quantify training load (TL) in collegiate basketball players. Ten elite male college basketball athletes (18.2 ± 0.4 years) were recruited to perform five ball-drills (1V1, 2V2, 3V3, 4V4, and 5V5) which lasted 10 min and varied in intensity. During each drill, TLHRV, training impulse (TRIMP), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), speed, and distance were recorded by Firstbeat, Foster’s RPE scale, and SiMi Scout. The correlation (Spearman’s and Pearson’s correlation coefficient), reliability (intra-class correlation coefficient, ICC), and agreement (Bland-Altman plots) among TLHRV, TRIMP, RPE, speed, and distance were examined. TLHRV was significantly correlated with TRIMP (r = 0.34, p = 0.015) and RPE (r = 0.42, p = 0.002). TLHRV was significantly correlated with training intensity (r = 0.477, p = 0.006) but not with volume (r = 0.272, p = 0.056). TLHRV and TRIMP, RPE showed significant intraclass relationships (ICC = 0.592, p = 0.0003). Moreover, TLHRV differentiated basketball drills of equal volume and varying intensity. We concluded that TLHRVmay serve as an objective and rational measure to monitor TL in basketball players.
Closing Sexual Health Service Gaps With a New Service Model in Germany: Performance of an on-Site Integrated, Cross-Sectoral, Low Threshold Sexually Transmitted Infections/HIV Counseling and Treatment Service
Authors: Müller Matthias C. , Usadel Susanne , Zimmermann Stefan , Fahrhöfer Andreas , Kern Winfried V. , Hoffmeister Ulrike , Rieg Siegbert 
Published: April 2022

PurposeIn Germany, the incidence of bacterial sexual transmitted infections (STI) is on the rise and still high for HIV infections. The Center for Sexual Health Freiburg (CSHF) was established to offer low threshold access for STI/HIV counseling, testing, HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), and on-site treatment. The objective of this study was to analyze the performance of CSHF.MethodsLongitudinal study that includes all clients presenting between 1 May 2020 and 28 February 2021 at CSHF and willing to sign informed consent.ResultsIn the study period, 536 clients presented at CSHF of whom 417 clients were included in the study resulting in 668 client contacts. Clients' median age was 28.1 years (range: 18.0–73.1), 55.9% were men, 42.0% were women, 0.3% were transman, and 1.7% were not binary. Clients' sexual orientation was heterosexual (56.6%), homosexual men (26.2%), and bisexual (13.6%). STI screening resulted in the detection of any STI in 3.4% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.7–6.1) of women, in 3.1% (95% CI: 0.0–6.5) of heterosexual men, and in 22.2% (95% CI: 13.0–31.5) of men having sex with men (MSM) not taking PrEP. Eighty-one MSM received PrEP with a total follow-up of 57.3 person-years and 0.44 STIs per person-year.ConclusionThe substantial burden of STI in the study population emphasizes the need for regular and low threshold STI screening services. The concept of CSHF may facilitate access to STI/HIV counseling, testing, and PrEP for a wide spectrum of people and may prove to be an important contribution to the efforts to reduce STI and HIV incidence in Germany.
Identification of Cancer Related Risk and Protective Factors for American Indian Youth: A Mixed Studies Review
Authors: Nadeau Melanie , Wise Kathryn , Farfan Cuela Vianca , Olson Devon , Saravana Karan 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionMany causes of cancer related morbidity and mortality can be traced back to childhood behaviors. The culmination of cancer related risk and protective factors impacting the health and wellbeing of American Indian youth is unknown. The aim of this Mixed Studies Review was to identify cancer related risk and protective factors among American Indian youth. Results will be shared with Tribal communities to inform surveillance efforts.MethodsA Mixed Studies Review process was deemed most appropriate for the search process and data collection. Seven databases were included in the search along with 3 databases that were hand searched. Google Scholar and Google power searching were also conducted. Covidence was utilized for abstract and full-text review. Out of 1,512 articles, 75 articles were included for review and data from each article was sorted out into the levels of the social ecological model.ResultsAfter extracting significant cancer related risk and protective factors from the 75 relevant articles, cancer related themes were identified at the individual, relationship (family and non-family), community, institutional, and cultural levels of the social ecological model. It was observed that the risk and protective factor profile for substance use spanned all levels of the social ecological model, whereas physical health-diet indicators and sexual health indicators did not. Most articles (n = 58, 77%) focused on substance use-related risk and protective factors.DiscussionThe method that was used for this study can be utilized by other professionals researching risk and protective factors impacting the health and wellbeing of American Indian youth for a multitude of health outcomes. Tribal communities will be able to use the results from our literature review to inform the creation of a community specific data collection tool focused on cancer related risk and protective factors. Upon completion of the overarching research, results will be shared with the community and can be used to inform ongoing surveillance efforts, influence priorities for intervention and education work, and inform the management of resources. The continuation of community informed and driven research with Tribal communities is essential to the health and wellbeing of Tribal Nations as community grounded research is limited.
Global Trends and Hot-Spots in Research on Virtual Simulation in Nursing: A Bibliometric Analysis From 1999 to 2021
Authors: Zhang Qian , Chen Jia , Liu Jing 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundVirtual simulation has been widely used in nursing education and nursing training. This study aims to characterize the publications in terms of countries, institutions, journals, authors, collaboration relationships, and analyze the trends of virtual simulation in nursing research.MethodsPublications regarding virtual simulation in nursing were retrieved from Web of Science core collection. Microsoft Excel 2010, VOSviewer were used to characterize the contributions of the authors, journals, institutions, and countries. The trends, hot-spots and knowledge network were analyzed by Citespace and VOSviewer.ResultsWe identified 677 papers between 1999 and 2021. The number of publications grew slowly until 2019, after that, it got a sharp increase in 2020 and 2021. The USA, Canada and Australia were three key contributors to this field. Centennial College and University of San Paulo, University of Ottawa and Ryerson University were top major institutions with a larger number of publications. Verkuyl M was the most productive and highest cited author. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, Nurse Education Today, Journal of Nursing Education were the three productive journals. The foundational themes of virtual simulation research in nursing are “virtual learning during COVID-19, clinical nursing care, education in nurse practitioners, education technology”.ConclusionVirtual simulation in nursing field has attracted considerable attention during COVID-19 pandemic. The research hotspot is gradually shifting from clinical nursing care to studies of nursing education using different virtual simulation technologies