bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adoption and Use of Social Media Platforms by Ophthalmology Programs during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Al-khersan Hasenin , Tanenbaum Rebecca , Kunkler Anne L. , Patel Nimesh A. , Sridhar Jayanth 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to determine whether the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic influenced the presence of ophthalmology residency programs on social media platforms.
Methods The presence of all accredited ophthalmology residency programs on Twitter and Instagram was assessed for January 2020 and August through March 2021 through an online search. The number of followers and posts per month during these periods was collected for each program. The presence of programs on social media was compared between the two time periods.
Results The percentage of programs on Instagram rose from 18% in January of 2020 to 57% in March of 2021 (p < 0.001). On Twitter, the percentage of programs rose from 24 to 37% (p < 0.001). From January 2020 to March 2021, the mean number of Instagram followers increased from 265 to 649 (p < 0.0001), while the mean number of Twitter followers increased from 421 to 532 (p < 0.0001). The top ten ophthalmology residency programs in 2021 according to Doximity all had Instagram pages, while 57 (53%) of remaining programs had pages (p = 0.005). Meanwhile, 7 top ten programs (70%) were on Twitter compared with 36 (34%) of the remaining programs (p = 0.036).
Conclusions The presence of ophthalmology residency programs on Instagram and Twitter increased significantly after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Social media represents an evolving platform through which programs can connect with prospective residents.
Biomechanical Comparison of Use of Two Screws versus Three Screws Per Fragment with Locking Plate Constructs under Cyclic Loading in Compression in a Fracture Gap Model
Authors: Palierne Sophie , Blondel Margaux , Swider Pascal , Autefage André 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to measure and compare the stiffness and cyclic fatigue of two plate-bone model constructs, with either two or three locking screws per fragment, under cyclic compression.
Methods A 10-hole 3.5 mm stainless steel locking compression plate (LCP) was fixed 1 mm from a synthetic bone model in which the fracture gap was 47 mm. Two groups of 10 constructs, prepared with either two or three bicortical locking screws placed at the extremities of each fragment, were tested in a load-controlled compression test until failure.
Results The three-screw constructs were stiffer than the two-screw constructs (196.75 ± 50.48 N/mm and 102.43 ± 22.93 N/mm, respectively) and the actuator displacements of the two-screw constructs were higher (18.02 ± 1.07 mm) than those of the three-screw constructs (14.48 ± 2.25 mm). The number of cycles to failure of the two-screw constructs was significantly lower (38,337.50 ± 2,196.98) than the that of the three-screw constructs (44,224.00 ± 1,515.24). Load at irreversible deformation was significantly lower in the two-screw constructs (140.93 ± 13.39 N) than in the three-screw constructs (184.27 ± 13.17 N). All constructs failed by plate bending at the gap between the two cylinders.
Clinical Significance Omission of the third innermost locking screw during bridging osteosynthesis subjected to compression forces led to a 13.3% reduction in the number of cycles to failure and a 23.5% reduction of the load withstood by the plate before plastic deformation occurred.
COVID-19 Induced Coagulopathy (CIC): Thrombotic Manifestations of Viral Infection
Authors: Sharma Swati , Mishra Aastha , Ashraf Zahid 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and may result in an overactive coagulative system, thereby resulting in serious cardiovascular consequences in critically affected patients. The respiratory tract is a primary target for COVID-19 infection, which is manifested as acute lung injury in the most severe form of the viral infection, leading to respiratory failure. A proportion of infected patients may progress to serious systemic disease including dysfunction of multiple organs, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and coagulation abnormalities, all of which are associated with increased mortality, additionally depending on age and compromised immunity. Coagulation abnormalities associated with COVID-19 mimic other systemic coagulopathies otherwise involved in other severe infections, such as disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and may be termed COVID-19 induced coagulopathy (CIC). There is substantial evidence that patients with severe COVID-19 exhibiting CIC can develop venous and arterial thromboembolic complications. In the initial stages of CIC, significant elevation of D-dimer and fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products is observed. Alteration in prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and platelet counts are less common in the early phase of the disease. In patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs), coagulation test screening involving the measurement of D-dimer and fibrinogen levels, has been recommended. Prior established protocols for thromboembolic prophylaxis are also followed for CIC, including the use of heparin and other standard supportive care measures. In the present review, we summarize the characteristics of CIC and its implications for thrombosis, clinical findings of coagulation parameters in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients with incidences of thromboembolic events and plausible therapeutic measures.
Pollen viability as a potential trait for screening heat-tolerant wheat (
Authors: Harohalli Masthigowda Mamrutha , Sharma Davinder , Khobra Rinki , Krishnappa Gopalareddy , Khan Hanif , Singh Sanjay Kumar , Singh Gyanendra , Singh Gyanendra Pratap 
Published: March 2022

High temperature during reproductive stage of winter crops causes sterility of pollen grains and reduced yield. It is essential to find the genotypes with higher pollen viability, as it is most sensitive to temperature extremes. A field study was conducted with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes to understand the effect of high temperature on pollen viability and grain yield for 2 years under timely (TS) and late sown (LS) conditions. A strong correlation was observed between higher pollen viability and higher grain yield under heat stress condition. Genotypes like K7903, HD2932, WH730 and RAJ3765 showed higher pollen viability, whereas DBW17, HUW468, RAJ4014 and UP2425 had lower pollen viability under LS condition. Further, the quantification of antioxidant enzymes activity mainly, Super oxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Peroxidase (POD) and Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) has showed significant variation among study genotypes. Thus, the identified high pollen viability genotypes can serve as a potential source for trait based breeding under heat stress in wheat. The present study is a first of its kind to assess more number of wheat genotypes for pollen viability and antioxidants activity under field condition. It also confirms that pollen viability can be used as a potential trait to screen genotypes for heat stress tolerance in wheat.
Wire arc additive manufacturing of aluminium alloys for aerospace and automotive applications: A review
Authors: Omiyale B. O. , Olugbade T. O. , Abioye T. E. , Farayibi P. K. 
Published: March 2022

Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) is suitable for printing medium-to-large complex parts with structural integrity while reducing material wastage, and lead time, improving the quality and customized design for functional components. Aluminium alloys are one of the most commonly used metallic materials in manufacturing parts for aerospace and automotive applications due to their lightweight, excellent strength, and corrosion resistance properties. Aluminium alloys have been employed in the WAAM process to produce parts for the aerospace and automotive industries. In this paper, various research works associated with the application of WAAM of aluminium alloys for aerospace and automotive industries, their metallurgical characteristics, and mechanical properties have been reviewed and discussed in detail to identify the research gap and future research directions. This paper is patterned to provide a comprehensive review of WAAM of aluminium alloys for the production of parts in the aerospace and automotive industries. Abbreviations: AM: Additive manufacturing; Al: Aluminium; Bi: Bismuth; BIW: Body in white; CNC: Computer numerical machines; CMT: Cold metal transfer; CNN: Convolutional neural networks; CL: Curved layer; DE-GMAAM: Double-electrode gas metal arc additive manufacturing; DWAAM: Double wire arc additive manufacturing; DMD: Direct metal deposition; DMLS: Direct metal laser sintering; DED-arc: Directed energy deposition arc; 3D: Three-dimensional; EAC: Environmentally assisted cracking; EBM: Electron beam melting; FCI: Fatigue crack initiation; Fe: Iron; GTAW: Gas tungsten arc welding; GMAW: Gas metal arc welding; HE: Hydrogen embrittlement; HAZ: Heat-affected zone; HWAAM: Hot wire arc additive manufacturing; IISCC: Irradiation induced stress corrosion cracking; Li: Lithium; Mg: Magnesium; Mn: Manganese; Ni: Nickel; OL: Online cooling; Pb: Lead; PAW: Plasma arc welding; RS: Robotic system; SCC: Stress corrosion cracking; SLM: Selective laser melting; SCG: Short crack growth; SLC: Super light car; Si: Silicon; Ti: Titanium; Zr: Zirconium
Surgical rehabilitation of the voice post total laryngectomy
Authors: Grillo C. M. , Maiolino L. , Borragan Torre A. , La Mantia I. 
Published: March 2022

Introduction
Almost 150 years after the first surgery, total laryngectomy continues to be the surgery of choice for advanced stage laryngeal tumours as well as for the revision of therapeutic failures of radiotherapy that cannot be resolved with other types of partial procedures.

Materials and methods
Our study was conducted at the University Hospital of Catania, from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2020. Voice prosthesis following tracheoesophageal puncture was performed as a primary choice in 13 cases while as a secondary procedure in 29 cases. The use of the oesophageal voice through adequate rehabilitation, on the other hand, was the choice for 15 patients.

Results
The VrQoL questionnaire revealed significantly better results in both the Socio-Emotional and Functional domains of the group of patients who underwent voice rehabilitation via voice prosthesis after TEP compared to the group rehabilitated via oesophageal voice. The V-RQoL score showed a worsening of the well-being indices among the patients who had tracheoesophageal fistula related disorders at the control compared to the group rehabilitated with the oesophageal voice.

Discussion
Tracheo-oesophageal puncture (TEP) with voice prosthesis (VP) insertion is currently considered the technique of choice for restoring a voice as close as possible to the pre-laryngectomy. It should also be considered that this type of device also offers excellent performance from a psychological point of view, making this type of intervention the best accepted by patients in terms not only of phoniatric but also of improving the quality of life.
The orbital evolution and gravitational waves of OJ 287 in the 4th post-Newtonian order
Authors: Kacskovics Balázs , Vasúth Mátyás 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We computed the orbital evolution and the emitted gravitational radiation of the supermassive black hole binary OJ 287. Here we used the initial data provided by the outburst structure of the system. We considered the spin–spin, spin–orbit, and the next-to-next leading order fourth post-Newtonian (4PN) corrections in our analysis. In this way, we could make an accurate examination of unstable orbits (3M < r < 6M) of the secondary black hole. We tested the 4PN terms by analyzing the total and radiated energy, compared the post-Newtonian parameters and the separation of the two black holes for 3PN and 4PN. In conclusion, the 4PN corrections provided a significantly more accurate tool for analyzing unstable orbits than earlier 3PN terms. Furthermore, in this paper, we show the strain of gravitational waves emitted by OJ 287 during its complete orbital evolution including unstable orbits.
Study on the influencing factors of space charge dynamic behavior in XLPE insulation under alternating current electric field
Authors: Xu Zhe , He Dongxin , Liu Hongshun , Li Qingquan , Zang Qingjing , Le Roy Séverine , Teyssèdre Gilbert 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The dynamic behavior of space charges is one of the potential factors that cause electrical aging. In this paper, a bipolar space charge transport model was established under an AC electric field in cross-linked polyethylene. The effects of physical parameters on the dynamic behavior of space charges in an AC electric field were explored by changing the injection barrier heights, mobilities, trapping coefficients, and detrapping barrier heights of positive and negative charges. The effects of voltage conditions on space charge behavior were explored by changing the amplitude and frequency. The effects of temperature were studied by setting a temperature gradient similar to that of real cable operation. The asymmetry of the physical parameters could seriously aggravate the accumulation of space charges in the AC field. A set of physical parameters based on these results was identified. Both the increase in voltage amplitude and decrease in frequency enhanced the amount of and penetration into the insulation of the accumulated space charge. The dynamic behaviors of the space charges were more active with increased voltage amplitude and frequency. The temperature gradient in the cable insulation implies that the degree of accumulation, penetration into material, and activity of dynamic behaviors of the space charges at the warmest electrode are greater than those at the coldest. Compared with the DC field, the dynamic behavior of space charges in the AC electric field is more active and releases more energy. This research provides a theoretical basis for inhibiting the accumulation of space charges in an AC electric field.
Dual-peak electroluminescence spectra generated from Al
n

/12Ga1-n/12N (n = 2, 3, 4) for AlGaN-based LEDs with nonflat quantum wells
Authors: Nagasawa Yosuke , Kojima Kazunobu , Hirano Akira , Ippommatsu Masamichi , Honda Yoshio , Amano Hiroshi , Chichibu Shigefusa F 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The metastability of Al
n

/12Ga1-n/12N (n = 2, 3, and 4) was investigated by the statistical analysis of electroluminescence (EL) spectra having dual peaks with a peak-to-peak distance (pp) of >10 nm generated from nonflat Al
x
Ga1-

x
N (x ∼ 0.2) quantum wells (QWs) fabricated on c(0001) sapphire substrates with a miscut of 1.0° towards the m[1

1
ˉ

00] axis. To explain the origins of the dual-peak EL (DPEL) spectra, which are often observed for AlGaN-QWs with Ga content of greater than 0.7, a nonflat QW model incorporating two metastable compositions, Al(n-1)/12Ga1-(n-1)/12N and Al
n

/12Ga1-n/12N (n: integer), is proposed. By the statistical analysis of peak wavelengths in DPEL spectra and the verification of EL spectral shapes, two series of featured EL peak wavelengths with intervals of 2–3 nm were obtained from five out of six LED wafers. The two series of featured EL peak wavelengths were assigned by comparison with the calculated EL wavelengths. Then, Al2/12Ga10/12N and Al3/12Ga9/12N were determined to be the origins of peaks with the longer and shorter wavelengths in the DPEL, respectively, in addition to the metastable Al
n

/12Ga1-n/12N (n= 4–9) compositions observed in our previous studies. When DPEL (pp> 10 nm) appeared, the difference in QW thickness between Al2/12Ga10/12N and Al3/12Ga9/12N tended to be larger than one monolayer (ML), indicating a significant amount of Ga or GaN mass transport. Furthermore, the Al2/12Ga10/12N and Al3/12Ga9/12N QWs are considered to have thicknesses of m ML (m: consecutive integers), suggesting the 1 ML configuration of Al and Ga atoms on the c(0001) plane. In addition, the DPEL obtained from nonflat Al
x
Ga1-

x
N (x ∼ 0.25) QWs by another research group was shown to be related to two metastable Al
n

/12Ga1-n/12N (n = 3, 4), similarly to our one exceptional LED wafer, which also agreed with the model proposed in this work.
Charge self-consistent electronic structure calculations with dynamical mean-field theory using Quantum ESPRESSO, Wannier 90 and TRIQS
Authors: Beck Sophie , Hampel Alexander , Parcollet Olivier , Ederer Claude , Georges Antoine 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We present a fully charge self-consistent implementation of dynamical mean field theory (DMFT) combined with density functional theory (DFT) for electronic structure calculations of materials with strong electronic correlations. The implementation uses the Quantum ESPRESSO package for the DFT calculations, the Wannier90 code for the up-/down-folding and the TRIQS software package for setting up and solving the DMFT equations. All components are available under open source licenses, are MPI-parallelized, fully integrated in the respective packages, and use an hdf5 archive interface to eliminate file parsing. We show benchmarks for three different systems that demonstrate excellent agreement with existing DFT + DMFT implementations in other ab initio electronic structure codes.
Analysis of molecular ligand functionalization process in nano-molecular electronic devices containing densely packed nano-particle functionalization shells
Authors: Sher Omer , Han Yuanyuan , Xu Haoyuan , Li Hu , Daun Tianbo , Kumar Sharath , Grigoriev Anton , Panda Pritam Kumar , Orthaber Andreas , Serein-Spirau Francoise , Jarrosson Thibaut , Jafri S Hassan M , Leifer Klaus 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Molecular electronic devices based on few and single-molecules have the advantage that the electronic signature of the device is directly dependent on the electronic structure of the molecules as well as of the electrode-molecule junction. In this work, we use a two-step approach to synthesise functionalized nanomolecular electronic devices (nanoMoED). In first step we apply an organic solvent-based gold nanoparticle (AuNP) synthesis method to form either a 1-dodecanethiol or a mixed 1-dodecanethiol/ω-tetraphenyl ether substituted 1-dodecanethiol ligand shell. The functionalization of these AuNPs is tuned in a second step by a ligand functionalization process where biphenyldithiol (BPDT) molecules are introduced as bridging ligands into the shell of the AuNPs. From subsequent structural analysis and electrical measurements, we could observe a successful molecular functionalization in nanoMoED devices as well as we could deduce that differences in electrical properties between two different device types are related to the differences in the molecular functionalization process for the two different AuNPs synthesized in first step. The same devices yielded successful NO2 gas sensing. This opens the pathway for a simplified synthesis/fabrication of molecular electronic devices with application potential.
Accessing negative Poisson’s ratio of graphene by machine learning interatomic potentials
Authors: Wu Jing , Zhou E , Qin Zhenzhen , Zhang Xiaoliang , Qin Guangzhao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The negative Poisson’s ratio (NPR) is a novel property of materials, which enhances the mechanical feature and creates a wide range of application prospects in lots of fields, such as aerospace, electronics, medicine, etc. Fundamental understanding on the mechanism underlying NPR plays an important role in designing advanced mechanical functional materials. However, with different methods used, the origin of NPR is found different and conflicting with each other, for instance, in the representative graphene. In this study, based on machine learning technique, we constructed a moment tensor potential for molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of graphene. By analyzing the evolution of key geometries, the increase of bond angle is found to be responsible for the NPR of graphene instead of bond length. The results on the origin of NPR are well consistent with the start-of-art first-principles, which amend the results from MD simulations using classic empirical potentials. Our study facilitates the understanding on the origin of NPR of graphene and paves the way to improve the accuracy of MD simulations being comparable to first-principle calculations. Our study would also promote the applications of machine learning interatomic potentials in multiscale simulations of functional materials.
Parylene-based memristive crossbar structures with multilevel resistive switching for neuromorphic computing
Authors: Shvetsov Boris S , Minnekhanov Anton A , Emelyanov Andrey V , Ilyasov Aleksandr I , Grishchenko Yulia V , Zanaveskin Maxim L , Nesmelov Aleksandr A , Streltsov Dmitry R , Patsaev Timofey D , Vasiliev Alexander L , Rylkov Vladimir V , Demin Vyacheslav A 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Currently, there is growing interest in wearable and biocompatible smart computing and information processing systems that are safe for the human body. Memristive devices are promising for solving such problems due to a number of their attractive properties, such as low power consumption, scalability, and the multilevel nature of resistive switching (plasticity). The multilevel plasticity allows memristors to emulate synapses in hardware neuromorphic computing systems (NCSs). The aim of this work was to study Cu/poly-p-xylylene(PPX)/Au memristive elements fabricated in the crossbar geometry. In developing the technology for manufacturing such samples, we took into account their characteristics, in particular stable and multilevel resistive switching (at least 10 different states) and low operating voltage (<2 V), suitable for NCSs. Experiments on cycle to cycle (C2C) switching of a single memristor and device to device (D2D) switching of several memristors have shown high reproducibility of resistive switching (RS) voltages. Based on the obtained memristors, a formal hardware neuromorphic network was created that can be trained to classify simple patterns.
1T and 2H heterophase MoS2 for enhanced sensitivity of GaN transistor-based mercury ions sensor
Authors: Sharma Nipun , Nigam Adarsh , Bin Dolmanan Surani , Gupta Ankur , Tripathy Sudhiranjan , Kumar Mahesh 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We report significantly enhanced sensitivity of AlGaN/GaN-based high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) sensor by the targeted synthesis of IT and 2H coexisting phase MoS2 and applying the gate bias voltage. The HEMT structures on Si (111) substrates were used for the detection of Hg2+ ions. The optimum sensitive regime in terms of V
GS and V
DS of the sensor was investigated by keeping the drain source voltage V
DS constant at 2 V and by only varying the gate bias voltage V
GS from 0 to 3 V. The strongest sensing response obtained from the device was around 0.547 mA ppb−1 at V
GS = 3 V, which is 63.7% higher in comparison to the response achieved at 0 V which shows a sensing response of around 0.334 mA ppb−1. The current response depicts that the fabricated device is very sensitive and selective towards Hg2+ ions. Moreover, the detection limit of our sensor at 3 V was calculated around 6.21 ppt, which attributes to the strong field created between the gate electrode and the HEMT channel due to the presence of 1T metallic phase in synthesized MoS2, indicating that the lower detection limits are achievable in adequate strong fields.