bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low first trimester maternal serum PAPP‐A concentrations in women with non‐cavity‐distorting intramural uterine fibroids
Authors: Kahraman Alper , Tulek Firat 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveReliable aneuploidy risk estimation in first trimester is prominently interconnected with accurate assessment of maternal serum biomarkers. Some maternal factors like insulin‐dependent diabetes, weight, and rhesus status are known to alter levels of these biomarkers. Adjustment of biomarker values for specific factor is crucial to avoid excessive invasive procedures or missed diagnoses. We aimed to investigate the effects of noncavity distorting intramural uterine fibroids on first trimester aneuploidy screening test maternal serum biomarkers.MethodsPregnant women who underwent first trimester aneuploidy screening test in a single tertiary center between 2011 and 2020 were retrospectively assessed. One hundred ninety‐eight women were found to have at least one noncavity distorting intramural uterine leiomyoma (Figo type 3–6) of at least 2 cm diameter and remaining women were assigned as controls. First trimester aneuploidy screening test parameters were compared.ResultsPregnancy associated plasma protein‐A (PAPP‐A) MoMs were found significantly lower in leiomyoma group in comparison to control group (1.19 ± 0.60 MoM vs. 1.40 ± 0.73 MoM, p = 0.002). PAPP‐A MoMs in women with leiomyomas larger than 5.5 cm were significantly lower in comparison to both control group and women with ≤5.5 cm leiomyomas (0.82 ± 0.376 vs. 1.40 ± 0.73, p < 0.001; 0.82 ± 0.376 vs. 1.33 ± 0.61 p < 0.001, respectively). PAPP‐A MoM and size of leiomyoma were found inversely correlated when fibroid size exceeds 5.5 cm (r = −0.467, p < 0.001).ConclusionNoncavity distorting intramural uterine leiomyomas >5.5 cm are associated with low first trimester PAPP‐A MoMs (<0.5). PAPP‐A concentrations are inversely correlated with fibroid size in women with >5.5 cm intramural uterine leiomyomas. Fibroids ≤5.5 cm are not associated with alterations in first trimester aneuploidy screening test parameters.
Downregulation of VAP‐1 in OSCC suppresses tumor growth and metastasis via NF‐κB/IL‐8 signaling and reduces neutrophil infiltration
Authors: Xu Qiongdong , Chen Xueru , Yu Tao , Tang Qinchao , Zhou Zhuoqian , Wang Hongyu , Huang Wanqian , Huang Tianjing , Liang Feixin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundVascular adhesion protein‐1 (VAP‐1) is believed to play a role in inflammation. Studies have suggested that VAP‐1‐mediated activation of inflammation is dependent on NF‐κB, leading to secretion of the interleukin (IL)‐8; however, no reports have addressed the association between VAP‐1 and NF‐κB/IL‐8 signaling in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This study aimed to investigate the role of VAP‐1 in OSCC and further explore whether VAP‐1 is involved in the regulation of neutrophil infiltration in the tumor microenvironment (TME).MethodsImmunochemistry staining was used to observe VAP‐1 expression. CCK‐8 and Transwell assays were used to measure cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. OSCC xenograft mouse models were used for in vivo verification of the VAP‐1 function. The expression of NF‐κB and IL‐8 were determined by qRT‐PCR and western blot. ELISA for IL‐8 was also conducted. The relationship between VAP‐1 expression and neutrophil infiltration was analyzed by immunofluorescence.ResultsVAP‐1 was overexpressed in human OSCC tissues. Downregulation of VAP‐1 suppressed OSCC cells proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and inhibited tumor proliferation and metastasis in vivo. Additionally, downregulation of VAP‐1 inhibited NF‐κB/IL‐8 signaling in vitro and in vivo. VAP‐1 expression was positively correlated with neutrophil infiltration in human OSCC tissues. Moreover, blocking VAP‐1 decreased neutrophil infiltration by reducing IL‐8 production.ConclusionsVAP‐1 downregulation in OSCC suppresses tumor growth and metastasis by inhibiting NF‐κB/IL‐8 signaling and reducing neutrophil infiltration in the TME, suggesting that VAP‐1 may be a potential therapeutic target for OSCC.
Melatonin delays dark‐induced leaf senescence by inducing miR171b expression in tomato
Authors: Wang Kaixin , Cai Shuyu , Xing Qufan , Qi Zhenyu , Fotopoulos Vasileios , Yu Jingquan , Zhou Jie 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMelatonin functions in multiple aspects of plant growth, development, and stress response. Nonetheless, the mechanism of melatonin in plant carbon metabolism remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the influence of melatonin on the degradation of starch in tomato leaves. Results showed that exogenous melatonin attenuated carbon starvation‐induced chlorophyll degradation and leaf senescence. In addition, melatonin delayed leaf starch degradation and inhibited the transcription of starch‐degrading enzymes after sunset. Interestingly, melatonin‐alleviated symptoms of leaf senescence and starch degradation were compromised when the first key gene for starch degradation, α‐glucan water dikinase (GWD), was overexpressed. Furthermore, exogenous melatonin significantly upregulated the transcript levels of several microRNAs, including miR171b. Crucially, the GWD gene was identified as a target of miR171b, and the overexpression of miR171b ameliorated the carbon starvation‐induced degradation of chlorophyll and starch, and inhibited the expression of the GWD gene. Taken together, these results demonstrate that melatonin promotes plant tolerance against carbon starvation by upregulating the expression of miR171b, which can directly inhibit GWD expression in tomato leaves.
Melatonin suppresses the metastatic potential of osteoblastic prostate cancers by inhibiting integrin α2β1 expression
Authors: Tai Huai‐Ching , Wang Shih‐Wei , Swain Sanskruti , Lin Liang‐Wei , Tsai Hsiao‐Chi , Liu Shan‐Chi , Wu Hsi‐Chin , Guo Jeng‐Hung , Liu Chun‐Lin , Lai Yu‐Wei , Lin Tien‐Huang , Yang Shun‐Fa , Tang Chih‐Hsin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAdvanced prostate cancer often develops into bone metastasis, which is characterized by aberrant bone formation with chronic pain and lower chances of survival. No treatment exists as yet for osteoblastic bone metastasis in prostate cancer. The indolamine melatonin (N‐acetyl‐5‐methoxytryptamine) is a major regulator of the circadian rhythm. Melatonin has shown antiproliferative and antimetastatic activities but has not yet been shown to be active in osteoblastic bone lesions of prostate cancer. Our study investigations reveal that melatonin concentration‐dependently decreases the migratory and invasive abilities of two osteoblastic prostate cancer cell lines by inhibiting FAK, c‐Src, and NF‐κB transcriptional activity via the melatonin MT1 receptor, which effectively inhibits integrin α2β1 expression. Melatonin therapy appears to offer therapeutic possibilities for reducing osteoblastic bone lesions in prostate cancer.
Inactivation of Salmonella Typhimurium, Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes on alfalfa seeds by the combination treatment of vacuumed hydrogen peroxide vapour and vacuumed dry heat
Authors: Song W.-J. , Kang D.-H. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We evaluated the combined effects of vacuumed hydrogen peroxide vapour (VHPV) and vacuum-sealed dry heat (vacuum heat, VH) to inactivate food-borne pathogens (Salmonella Typhimurium, Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes) on alfalfa seeds. Alfalfa seeds inoculated with food-borne pathogens were sequentially treated initially with 1·0 ml of 0 or 30% VHPV for 1 min and later with dry heat (DH) or VH for 2 h, and the rate of seed germination was evaluated. The combination treatment decreased the populations of three food-borne pathogens below the limit of detection (1·0 log CFU per gram) on alfalfa seeds without decreasing germinability. The sequential treatment using VHPV and VH greatly reduced the total treatment time needed to inactivate pathogens on alfalfa seeds by more than 5 log CFU per gram. These results demonstrate that a combination of VHPV and VH has potentially employed as a new method for pasteurization of alfalfa seeds without affecting their germinability.
Rhizobial infection of 4C cells triggers their endoreduplication during symbiotic nodule development in soybean
Authors: Fan Wei , Xia Chunjiao , Wang Shixiang , Liu Jing , Deng Lijun , Sun Shiyong , Wang Xuelu 
Published: February 2022

Summary

Symbiosis between legumes and rhizobia results in the formation of nitrogen‐fixing root nodules. Endoreduplication is essential for nodule development and efficient nitrogen fixation; however, the cellular mechanism by which rhizobial infection causes endoreduplication in symbiotic nodules and the roles of the resulting polyploid cells in nitrogen fixation remain largely unknown.

Here, we developed a series of different approaches to separate infected cells (ICs) and uninfected cells (UCs) and determined their ploidy levels in soybean (Glycine max) developing nodules. We demonstrated that 4C nuclei exist in both UCs and ICs of developing nodules and that these 4C cells are primarily invaded by rhizobia and subsequently undergo endoreduplication.

Furthermore, RNA‐sequencing analysis of nuclei with different ploidy levels from soybean nodules at 12 d post‐infection (dpi) and 20 dpi showed that 4C cells are predominantly ICs in 12‐dpi nodules but UCs in 20‐dpi nodules.

We conclude that the infection of 4C cells by rhizobia is critical for initiating endoreduplication. These findings provide significant insight into rhizobial infection, nodule endoreduplication and nitrogen fixation in symbiotic nodules.
Long non‐coding RNA MRPL23‐AS1 suppresses anoikis in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma in vitro
Authors: Li Yin‐Ran , Fu Min , Song Ye‐Qing , Li Sheng‐Lin , Ge Xi‐Yuan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDistant lung metastasis is the main factor that affects the survival rate of patients with salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC). Anoikis resistance is a feature of tumor cells that easily metastasize. The long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) MRPL23 antisense RNA 1 (MPRL23‐AS1) is related to lung metastasis in SACC, but its role in anoikis resistance is unknown. After altering MPRL23‐AS1 expression in SACC cells, anoikis resistance was detected by calcein AM/PI staining and annexin V/PI flow cytometry. The apoptosis marker activated caspase‐3 and the bcl‐2/bax ratio were detected by Western blotting. The relationship between MPRL23‐AS1 and the promoter of the potential downstream target gene p19INK4D was identified by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)‐PCR assay. p19INK4D expression in patient tissues was determined using qRT‐PCR and immunohistochemistry. The functional experiments showed that MPRL23‐AS1 could promote anoikis resistance in vitro. MRPL23‐AS1 recruited the EZH2 to the promoter region of p19INK4D, inhibited p19INK4D expression, and promoted tumor cell anoikis resistance. p19INK4D overexpression did not affect anoikis in attached cells; however, it attenuated the anoikis resistance effect of MPRL23‐AS1 in suspension cells. p19INK4D expression was significantly lower in SACC tissues than in normal tissues. The novel MRPL23‐AS1/p19INK4D axis may be a potential SACC biomarker or therapeutic target.
Outcomes following formation of a dedicated pediatric liver transplant anesthesia team
Authors: Drobish Julie K. , Reina Eduardo , Nieva Daniel , Weinhold Ashley , George Preeta , Thompson Douglas , Khan Adeel S. , Doyle Maria B. M. , Welch Timothy P. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundGiven the complex nature of liver transplant surgery, adult centers typically use a dedicated liver transplant anesthesia team, which has improved patient outcomes.AimsOur goal was to determine whether a dedicated pediatric liver transplant anesthesia team was associated with improved patient outcomes.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study analyzed patients who underwent liver transplantation from April 2013 to September 2020 at St. Louis Children's Hospital. The general group (April 2013–December 2016) was compared with the liver group (January 2017–September 2020). Outcomes measured included cases per anesthesiologist, early extubation, ventilator days, fluid and blood administration, postoperative events, and intensive care unit and hospital length of stay (LOS).ResultsPatients in both groups had similar demographics. The average number of cases/anesthesiologist/year was 2.9 times higher in the liver group (mean (SD) general 0.7 (0.5), liver 2.0 (0.6), and difference in mean [95% CI] 1.3 [0.8, 1.8]). The rate of extubation in the operating room was higher for patients in the liver group (general 56%, liver 80%, and difference in proportion [95% CI] 24.7 [7.0, 42.4]), while the number of ventilator days was lower (mean (SD) general 2.1 (4.4), liver 1.1 (3.6), and difference in proportion [95%CI] −0.9 [−2.6, 0.7]). Colloid administration was higher in the liver group (mean (SD) general 23.9 (14.5) ml/kg, liver 48.4 (37.7) ml/kg, and difference in mean [95% CI] 24.6 [12.7, 36.4]), while fresh frozen plasma administration was lower in the liver group (mean (SD) general 15.3 (23.9) ml/kg, liver 6.2 (14) ml/kg, and difference in mean [95% CI] −9.0 [−16.8, −1.3]). There were no significant differences between the groups in postoperative events including blood product transfusions, vasopressor use, and thromboses, or in the intensive care unit and hospital LOS.ConclusionsThe liver group was associated with increased early extubations, decreased ventilator days, and decreased fresh frozen plasma use.
Barberry plays an active role as an alternate host of Puccinia graminis in Spain
Authors: Villegas Dolors , Bartaula Radhika , Cantero‐Martínez Carlos , Luster Douglas , Szabo Les , Olivera Pablo , Berlin Anna , Rodriguez‐Algaba Julian , Hovmøller Mogens S. , McIntosh Robert , Jin Yue 
Published: February 2022

AbstractStem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis, is a destructive group of diseases. The pathogen uses Berberis species as alternate hosts to complete its life cycle. B. vulgaris and the endemic species B. hispanica and B. garciae are present in Spain. The objective of this study was to investigate the functionality of the indigenous barberry as alternate hosts. Field surveys were conducted in 2018 and 2019 in Huesca, Teruel and Albacete provinces of Spain. Aecial samples on barberry were analysed via infection assays and DNA analysis. B. garciae was predominant in Huesca and Teruel provinces, often found in the field margins of cereal crops. Aecial infections on B. garciae were observed in May and uredinial infections on cereal crops in June. Scattered B. hispanica bushes were occasionally found near cereal crops in Albacete, where aecial infections on B. hispanica were observed in June when most cereal crops were mature. Infection assays using aeciospores resulted in stem rust infections on susceptible genotypes of wheat, barley, rye and oat, indicating the presence of the sexual cycle for P. graminis f. sp. tritici, f. sp. secalis and f. sp. avenae. Sequence analyses from aecial samples supported this finding as well as the presence of Puccinia brachypodii. This study provides the first evidence that indigenous Berberis species play an active role in the sexual cycle of P. graminis under natural conditions in Spain.
Sugar transporters and their molecular tradeoffs during abiotic stress responses in plants
Authors: Salvi Prafull , Agarrwal Ruchi , Kajal  , Gandass Nishu , Manna Mrinalini , Kaur Harmeet , Deshmukh Rupesh 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSugars as photosynthates are well known as energy providers and as building blocks of various structural components of plant cells, tissues and organs. Additionally, as a part of various sugar signaling pathways, they interact with other cellular machinery and influence many important cellular decisions in plants. Sugar signaling is further reliant on the differential distribution of sugars throughout the plant system. The distribution of sugars from source to sink tissues or within organelles of plant cells is a highly regulated process facilitated by various sugar transporters located in plasma membranes and organelle membranes, respectively. Sugar distribution, as well as signaling, is impacted during unfavorable environments such as extreme temperatures, salt, nutrient scarcity, or drought. Here, we have discussed the mechanism of sugar transport via various types of sugar transporters as well as their differential response during environmental stress exposure. The functional involvement of sugar transporters in plant's abiotic stress tolerance is also discussed. Besides, we have also highlighted the challenges in engineering sugar transporter proteins as well as the undeciphered modules associated with sugar transporters in plants. Thus, this review provides a comprehensive discussion on the role and regulation of sugar transporters during abiotic stresses and enables us to target the candidate sugar transporter(s) for crop improvement to develop climate‐resilient crops.
Dynamics of mass migration
Authors: Brausmann Alexandra , Djajić Slobodan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractArmed conflicts, natural disasters, environmental degradation, or other crises can trigger massive population movements that present a serious challenge for the destination countries. We provide a theoretical analysis of the dynamics of population movements and their interaction with border‐control policy of destination authorities. Our model exhibits a trade‐off between the speed of the border‐control response and the total cost of bringing immigration flows back to a target level. Simulations of the model, based on the 2015 Syrian refugee crisis, also highlight the implications of criminalizing human‐smuggling activity and the influence of a diaspora on the dynamics of migration.
Preferences for Economic and Environmental Goals in Rural Community Development in the Western United States*
Authors: Ulrich‐Schad Jessica D. , Jakus Paul M. , Bordigioni Malieka , Albrecht Don E. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRural residents in the United States do not always agree on local development priorities, yet understanding and accounting for their preferences is a step towards more effective and equitable community development. We use survey data spanning different types of rural Intermountain West communities to gauge residents' preference weights for economic and environmental rural development goals. Given that community tenure and age are often related to development preferences, respondents are divided into three groups based on these factors using a classification tree approach. Long‐term residents (>36 percent of life spent in the community) have the strongest economic preferences, while older newcomers have the strongest environmental preferences. The Leti heterogeneity index reveals that long‐term residents also displayed the greatest homogeneity of preferences. Ordered probit analysis shows that goal preferences are also related to sex, education, household income, community financial security, and the share of county income derived from wealth assets. These findings provide a more nuanced and methods‐based understanding of residential tenure in a community and its relationship to development attitudes across a variety of rural place types, all valuable information for rural community and economic development practitioners.
Unequal effects of disruptive events
Authors: Aquino Taylor , Brand Jennie E. , Torche Florencia 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDisruptive events have significant consequences for the individuals and families who experience them, but these effects do not occur equally across the population. While some groups are strongly affected, others experience few consequences. We review recent findings on inequality in the effects of disruptive events. We consider heterogeneity based on socioeconomic resources, race/ethnicity, the likelihood of experiencing disruption, and contextual factors such as the normativity of the event in particular social settings. We focus on micro‐level events affecting specific individuals and families, including divorce, job loss, home loss and eviction, health shocks and deaths, and violence and incarceration, but also refer to macro‐level events such as recession and natural disasters. We describe patterns of variation that suggest a process of resource disparities and cumulative disadvantage versus those that reflect the impact of non‐normative and unexpected shocks. Finally, we review methodological considerations when examining variation in the effect of disruptive events.
Cytologic features of an acanthomatous ameloblastoma in a dog
Authors: Palić Jelena , Heier Annabelle , Wohlsein Peter 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAn 8‐year‐old mixed breed male dog was presented with a mass on the rostral mandibular gingiva that quickly emerged 2–3 weeks prior to presentation. The mass was firm, smooth, well‐circumscribed, and approximately 2 × 1 × 0.5 cm in size rostral to the left mandibular canine tooth (304). Clinical examination and radiographs were unremarkable. Cytology revealed two distinct cell populations, consisting of numerous uniform‐appearing epithelial cell clusters and low numbers of individual spindle cells. Epithelial cells had mild anisocytosis and anisokaryosis, round nuclei with finely stippled chromatin, no prominent nucleoli, high N:C ratios, and low amounts of pale basophilic cytoplasm. Slender spindle cells observed had oval nuclei with no prominent nucleoli and wispy cytoplasm. On histopathologic examination, the lamina propria of the gingiva was dissected by numerous irregular and anastomosing trabeculae and islands of neoplastic epithelial cells. Neoplastic cells were focally in connection with the hyperplastic overlying epithelium. The trabeculae were surrounded and embedded by cell‐rich fibrous stroma. Peripheral to the islands and trabeculae, cells were arranged in palisades, and the nuclei had an antibasilar location. The epithelial cells had prominent intercellular bridges, low amounts of cytoplasm, and one round to oval nucleus. Anisocytosis and anisokaryosis were mild to moderate, and six mitoses/10 HPF were present. Tumor cells reached the deep sample margins. Histopathologic evaluation was consistent with acanthomatous ameloblastoma. This locally aggressive neoplasm causes alveolar bone lysis and often extends beyond alveolar bone margins. Acanthomatous ameloblastoma is an important differential for rostral mandibular gingival masses containing numerous uniform epithelial cell clusters with rare slender spindle cells.