bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New species, combinations and records of Thyronectria, with a key to species
Authors: Voglmayr Hermann , Polhorský Adam , Halasů Viktorie , Kirisits Thomas 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe new speciesThyronectria ulmiis described fromUlmus laevisandU. minorcollected in Austria, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. It is morphologically and phylogenetically close to the North AmericanT. chrysogramma, which also occurs onUlmusand shares olive green to brown muriform ascospores, but differs from the latter by geographic distribution, narrower asci, smaller ascospores with fewer septa and DNA sequence data from seven loci (ITS and LSU regions of nu rDNA,ACT1,RPB1,RPB2,TEF1andTUB2genes). As in many otherThyronectriaspecies, ascomata ofT. ulmiwere closely associated withDiplodia, indicating a fungicolous habit. The genusNeothyronectriais synonymised withThyronectriabased on morphological and molecular phylogenetic data, and the new combinationsT. citriandT. sophoraeare proposed. A key to 45 accepted species ofThyronectriais provided. The recently describedT. abieticola, previously known from the Czech Republic and France, is newly reported from Austria and Slovakia; its pycnidial anamorph is recorded, described and illustrated from natural substrates for the first time. A sporodochial anamorph is reported from natural substrates forT. aurigera, a new record for Austria as well. New host and distribution records includeT. rhodochloraonAcer pseudoplatanusin Austria andFraxinus excelsiorin the Czech Republic,T. sinopicaonHedera colchicain the Czech Republic andBupleurum fruticosumin Spain, andT. zanthoxylionSorbus aucupariain Belgium andUlmussp. in the USA.Thyronectria cucurbitulais confirmed by sequence data fromPinus strobuscollected in the Czech Republic, challenging the host ranges givenfor T. cucurbitula(Pinussubgen.Pinus) andT. strobi(Pinussubgen.Strobus), and questioning the European and Chinese records ofT. strobi.
Does cultural diversity hinder the implementation of IMF-supported programs? An empirical investigation
Authors: Vadlamannati Krishna Chaitanya , Brazys Samuel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDo ethno-linguistic divisions in a country hamper the implementation of IMF-supported programs? We construct a new measure of implementation and compliance with IMF programs approved during the 1992–2014 period covering 104 countries. Using several measures of diversity, we find that higher levels of ethno-linguistic and cultural fractionalization affect the probability of successful implementation of IMF conditions. Our results show that diverse preferences and coordination failures due to ethnic and cultural diversity undermine the successful implementation of IMF programs. Furthermore, we find that ethno-linguistic fractionalization weakens the implementation of ‘hard’ IMF conditions relative to ‘soft’ conditions. Our findings also show that ethno-linguistic divisions do not affect the implementation of IMF conditions in autocracies as opposed to democracies. These findings are robust to addressing endogeneity concerns using an instrumental variable approach and to a number of alternative specifications, data sets, and approaches.
Removal of a frozen elephant trunk using a polyvinyl tube
Authors: Inaba Yusuke , Minegishi Sachito , Endo Hidehito , Kubota Hiroshi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe increasing use of total arch replacement and frozen elephant trunk (FET) is expected to lead to an increase in the prevalence of graft infections requiring replacement involving an FET, which is generally a more invasive procedure than the initial surgery. Herein, we describe a novel method for FET removal using a polyvinyl tube as the storage device. The procedure is completed using the same median sternotomy approach as the initial surgery. We report on the outcomes for six patients. Our procedure is simple to perform and safe and caused no injury to the aorta in our case series.
Some conditions for the oscillation of second-order differential equations with several mixed delays
Authors: Santra Shyam Sundar , Scapellato Andrea 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this work, we obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for the oscillation of the solutions to a second-order neutral differential equation with mixed delays. Two examples are provided to show effectiveness and feasibility of main results. Our main tool is the Lebesgue’s Dominated Convergence theorem.
A Practical Workflow for Organizing Clinical Intraoperative and Long-term iEEG Data in BIDS
Authors: Demuru Matteo , van Blooijs Dorien , Zweiphenning Willemiek , Hermes Dora , Leijten Frans , Zijlmans Maeike ,   on behalf of the RESPect group
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe neuroscience community increasingly uses the Brain Imaging Data Structure (BIDS) to organize data, extending from MRI to electrophysiology data. While automated tools and workflows are developed that help organize MRI data from the scanner to BIDS, these workflows are lacking for clinical intracranial EEG (iEEG data). We present a practical workflow on how to organize full clinical iEEG epilepsy data into BIDS. We present electrophysiological datasets recorded from twelve subjects who underwent intracranial monitoring followed by resective epilepsy surgery at the University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands, and became seizure-free after surgery. These data include intraoperative electrocorticography recordings from six patients, long-term electrocorticography recordings from three patients and stereo-encephalography recordings from three patients. We describe the 6 steps in the pipeline that are essential to structure the data from these clinical iEEG recordings into BIDS and the challenges during this process. These proposed workflow enable centers performing clinical iEEG recordings to structure their data to improve accessibility, reusability and interoperability of clinical data.
Intracerebral manifestation of iatrogenic, immunodeficiency-associated polymorphic B-LPD with morphology mimicking Hodgkin lymphoma: a case report and literature review
Authors: Saft Leonie , Perdiki-Grigoriadi Marina , Rassidakis Georgios 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Iatrogenic immunodeficiency-associated lymphoproliferative disorders (IA-LPD) may arise in patients treated with immunosuppressive drugs for autoimmune disease or other conditions. Polymorphic EBV-positive B-lymphoproliferations often have features mimicking Hodgkin lymphoma and typically a self-limited, indolent course. We present an unusual case with isolated, intracerebral manifestation of polymorphic B-LPD with features of classic Hodgkin-lymphoma in an immunosuppressed patient treated with methotrexate and infliximab, including clinical-radiological features and a detailed description of morphological findings, together with a literature review on reported cases of primary CNS manifestation of cHL and IA-LPD with Hodgkin-like morphology. The patient achieved complete remission following neurosurgery with gross total tumor resection and drug withdrawal without any additional treatment. Post-operative staging revealed no evidence for focal relapse or systemic disease during the 18 months follow-up period. Among the previously reported 24 cases of primary, isolated Hodgkin lymphoma in the central nervous system, three similar cases of iatrogenic, IA-LPDs were identified and are discussed here. Polymorphic B-LPD are destructive lesions with a range of morphologic features and disease manifestations. It is clinically important to recognize the spectrum of proliferations with features of classic Hodgkin lymphoma in immunodeficiency, iatrogenic settings, because they are likely to impact the choice of treatment strategies.
Cities and the SDGs: Realities and possibilities of local engagement in global frameworks
Authors: Leavesley Amelia , Trundle Alexei , Oke Cathy 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCity action is critical to achieving global visions for sustainability such as the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, SDG ‘localisation’ is complex procedure, with divergent outcomes depending on context and diverse city processes. This paper considers the operational challenges faced by city actors in taking on the SDGs, and subsequent implications for initiating local (and global) sustainability transitions. We analyse emergent approaches to SDG localisation within the Asia–Pacific, using a policy analysis framework (transition management) to assess transformation potential. We find that SDG localisation can influence urban sustainability, but effective implementation requires sufficient data, resourcing, and guidance—which are not readily, nor equally available to all city governments. City-to-city peer learning can accelerate SDG uptake, but realising the transformative ambition set out by the SDGs will require an approach to localisation that clearly demonstrates why and how any city government can and should engage with global sustainability frameworks.
A Second-Personal Approach to the Evolution of Morality
Authors: Isern-Mas Carme , Gomila Antoni 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBuilding on the discussion between Stephen Darwall and Michael Tomassello, we propose an alternative evolutionary account of moral motivation in its two-pronged dimension. We argue that an evolutionary account of moral motivation must account for the two forms of moral motivation that we distinguish: motivation to be partial, which is triggered by the affective relationships we develop with others; and motivation to be impartial, which is triggered by those norms to which we give impartial validity. To that aim, we present the second-person standpoint of morality, first as Darwall conceives of it, and then as we reinterpret it from a naturalistic approach. Then we synthesize Tomasello’s evolutionary account of morality, and Darwall’s objections to it. To reply to those objections, building on Tomasello’s proposal, we argue that the motivation to be impartial, and the feeling of obligation to comply with normative requirements, appeared when humans anticipated and, critically, internalized others’ sanctions to the violation of social norms. Consequently, we posit that social norms and sanctions appeared first at the community level, and only after that were they internalized in the form of self-directed reactive attitudes. Finally, we derive some corollaries that follow from our proposal.
High-entropy (La0.2Nd0.2Sm0.2Eu0.2Gd0.2)2Ce2O7: A potential thermal barrier material with improved thermo-physical properties
Authors: Xue Yun , Zhao Xiaoqin , An Yulong , Wang Yijing , Gao Meizhen , Zhou Huidi , Chen Jianmin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHigh-entropy oxides (HEOs) are widely researched as potential materials for thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). However, the relatively low thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) of those materials severely restricts their practical application. In order to improve the poor thermal expansion property and further reduce the thermal conductivity, high-entropy (La0.2Nd0.2Sm0.2Eu0.2Gd0.2)2Ce2O7 is designed and synthesized in this work. The as-prepared multicomponent material is formed in a simple disordered fluorite structure due to the high-entropy stabilization effect. Notably, it exhibits a much higher TEC of approximately 12.0 × 10−6 K−1 compared with those of other high-entropy oxides reported in the field of TBCs. Besides, it presents prominent thermal insulation behavior with a low intrinsic thermal conductivity of 0.92 W·m−1·K−1 at 1400 °C, which can be explained by the existence of high concentration oxygen vacancies and highly disordered arrangement of multicomponent cations in the unique high-entropy configuration. Through high-temperature in-situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurement, this material shows excellent phase stability up to 1400 °C. Benefiting from the solid solution strengthening effect, it shows a higher hardness of 8.72 GPa than the corresponding single component compounds. The superior thermo-physical performance above enables (La0.2Nd0.2Sm0.2Eu0.2Gd0.2)2Ce2O7 a promising TBC material.
A Crafty Approach for Learning the Topographical Anatomy of the Cranial Nerves
Authors: Quinn Lisa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCertain neuroanatomical relationships can be complex for students to visualise and understand. This article describes creation of a simple and cheap model to help students more easily learn the relationships of the cranial nerves to each other and to the different regions of the central nervous system (forebrain and brainstem).
Maximum power point tracking based on modified firefly scheme for PV system
Authors: Saad Waleed , Hegazy Eman , Shokair Mona 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSolar photovoltaic (PV) cells play a major role as natural, renewable energy sources. It is characterized by having nonlinear photoelectric voltage and current characteristics. These properties depend on the amount of solar radiation and temperature. PV can be used as an electrical charge circuit. But due to the low efficiency of the resulting photoelectric power, it should operate in conditions of maximum power point. There are several algorithms for achieving this maximum power point condition. In this paper, a PV system is proposed to obtain the maximum power point using a modified firefly algorithm. The modifications have been made both in fireflies’ locations and their random movement. Several simulations are implemented using MATLAB to verify the performance of the proposed system. From the simulation results, the proposed algorithm outperforms all traditional algorithms such as firefly and perturbation and observation technique. Moreover, the impacts of some variants of the proposed technique are studied. The variants are the number of the fireflies, the randomness, the maximum iterations, and the effect of changing the sampling time. A proposed modified firefly is presented with an MPPT controller in the PV system to ensure operating the PV at the MPP. Additionally, the mathematical expressions are explained. Moreover, MATLAB simulation programs are done to compare the performance of the proposed scheme with other related ones.
Investigation of hydrocolloid for ice pattern preparation with extrusion 3D printing
Authors: Liu Hong-Jun , Wang Jun-Hong , Lin Dai-Fa , Li Ya-Min , Dmytro Yatskovskyi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Various 3D printing processes have been used to fabricate sacrificial patterns replacing wax patterns of investment casting, which significantly reduces the costs and lead times associated with single part or small batch production. Compared to polymer patterns, 3D printed ice patterns are cheaper and cleaner and are easily removed without mold cracking and other issues. In the present study, the hydrocolloid was developed for ice pattern preparation with extrusion 3D printing. The xanthan gum has a perfect thickening effect on hydrocolloids containing starch. When the xanthan gum content is 5%, the hydrocolloid has good self-stable behavior, which ensures extrudates have a minimal spreading effect. After freeze-drying and heating up to 500 °C, the hydrocolloid can be completely lost without residual ash.

Article highlights

The hydrocolloids with starch and xanthan gum as a gelling agent were developed for preparing ice pattern with extrusion 3D printing.

The hydrocolloids with 5% xanthan gum content have good self-stable behavior and smooth extrusion property.

The ice pattern can be completely lost when heated above 500 °C.
Men’s anxiety, why it matters, and what is needed to limit its risk for male suicide
Authors: Fisher Krista , Seidler Zac E. , King Kylie , Oliffe John L. , Robertson Steve , Rice Simon M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAnxiety disorders are the most prevalent mental health disorder experienced by men. If left untreated, anxiety is predictive of psychiatric disorders including depression and associated suicide risk. Despite the prevalence and impact of men’s anxiety, it remains largely overlooked in the field of men’s mental health. Globally, men are reported to have lower rates of anxiety disorders compared to women; however, these sex-differences do not reflect the complexity and nuance of men’s experiences. There is early evidence to suggest a male-type anxiety phenotype which may go undetected with generic diagnostic classifications. Masculine norms (i.e., stoicism, toughness, invulnerability) appear to be central to men’s experiences and expressions of anxiety as well as men’s help-seeking and coping behaviours. This is particularly concerning given anxiety increases men’s risk of physical and psychological comorbidities and suicide risk. The effective assessment, detection and treatment of men’s anxiety is therefore critical to improve mental health outcomes across the male lifespan. We propose three key recommendations for the field of men’s anxiety: (i) to develop a theoretical model surrounding men’s experiences of anxiety, (ii) broaden mental health resources, interventions and suicide prevention strategies to encompass men’s gendered experiences of anxiety (e.g., sentiments of shame, physical symptom manifestation), and (iii) utilise informal supports (i.e., friends and family) as an avenue of intervention to improve men’s anxiety outcomes. Without a substantial research agenda in men’s anxiety, we will fail to recognise and respond to men’s gendered experiences of anxiety and ultimately fail to reduce male suicides.
Experience of Living with COVID-19: Personal Preparedness and Coping Mechanism Among Deployed Healthcare Workers
Authors: Goh Hendra , Nadarajan Gayathri Devi , Teo Tess Lin , Yoon Sungwon 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjective:This study aimed to explore how deployed healthcare workers (HCWs) perceived personal preparedness for response, and their main avenues for coping to maintain resilience during the prolonged COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic.Methods:Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 HCWs deployed to the frontline for an extended period to provide acute COVID-19 related care. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed thematically.Results:HCWs demonstrated heightened self-confidence and readiness to deal with public health emergencies owing to the ramped-up efforts in infrastructure for outbreak management and pre-emptive infectious disease training. Despite overall confidence, deployed HCWs had to adopt various coping mechanisms to sustain resilience during the prolonged pandemic. Main themes on coping centred around the value of team leaders and support from family members as an effective buffer for work-induced stress while institution-based counseling services and welfare were viewed as important for fostering the internal locus of control and wellbeing.Conclusion:Our findings suggest that strategies such as on-the-job training, continuous education and improved communication would be essential to maintain resilience of deployed HCWs. Considerations should be also given to the swift implementation of blended wellness support comprising digital and in-person counseling to sustain wellbeing and prepare for endemic COVID-19.
Point counting for foliations over number fields
Authors: Binyamini Gal 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLet${\mathbb M}$be an affine variety equipped with a foliation, both defined over a number field${\mathbb K}$. For an algebraic$V\subset {\mathbb M}$over${\mathbb K}$, write$\delta _{V}$for the maximum of the degree and log-height ofV. Write$\Sigma _{V}$for the points where the leaves intersectVimproperly. Fix a compact subset${\mathcal B}$of a leaf${\mathcal L}$. We prove effective bounds on the geometry of the intersection${\mathcal B}\cap V$. In particular, when$\operatorname {codim} V=\dim {\mathcal L}$we prove that$\#({\mathcal B}\cap V)$is bounded by a polynomial in$\delta _{V}$and$\log \operatorname {dist}^{-1}({\mathcal B},\Sigma _{V})$. Using these bounds we prove a result on the interpolation of algebraic points in images of${\mathcal B}\cap V$by an algebraic map$\Phi $. For instance, under suitable conditions we show that$\Phi ({\mathcal B}\cap V)$contains at most$\operatorname {poly}(g,h)$algebraic points of log-heighthand degreeg.We deduce several results in Diophantine geometry. Following Masser and Zannier, we prove that given a pair of sections$P,Q$of a nonisotrivial family of squares of elliptic curves that do not satisfy a constant relation, whenever$P,Q$are simultaneously torsion their order of torsion is bounded effectively by a polynomial in$\delta _{P},\delta _{Q}$; in particular, the set of such simultaneous torsion points is effectively computable in polynomial time. Following Pila, we prove that given$V\subset {\mathbb C}^{n}$, there is an (ineffective) upper bound, polynomial in$\delta _{V}$, for the degrees and discriminants of maximal special subvarieties; in particular, it follows that the André–Oort conjecture for powers of the modular curve is decidable in polynomial time (by an algorithm depending on a universal, ineffective Siegel constant). Following Schmidt, we show that our counting result implies a Galois-orbit lower bound for torsion points on elliptic curves of the type previously obtained using transcendence methods by David.
Structural Discrimination in Pandemic Policy: Essential Protections for Essential Workers
Authors: Lowe Abigail E. , Dineen Kelly K. , Mohapatra Seema 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAn inordinate number of low wage workers in essential industries are Black, Hispanic, or Latino, immigrants or refugees — groups beset by centuries of discrimination and burdened with disproportionate but preventable harms during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Anti-Selection & Genetic Testing in Insurance: An Interdisciplinary Perspective
Authors: Golinghorst Dexter , de Paor Aisling , Joly Yann , Macdonald Angus S. , Otlowski Margaret , Peter Richard , Prince Anya E.R. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAnti-selection occurs when information asymmetry exists between insurers and applicants. When an applicant knows they are at high risk of loss, but the insurer does not, the applicant may try to use this knowledge differential to secure insurance at a lower premium that does not match risk.
Physician Liability for Suicide after Negligent Tapering of Opioids
Authors: Rothstein Mark A. , Irzyk Julia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe precipitous and medically contraindicated reduction or “tapering” of opioids for patients with chronic pain due to serious medical conditions has caused needless suffering and, increasingly, suicide. Physicians could be liable for wrongful death based on negligent tapering of opioids.
Law Journals, Biomedical Journals, and Restraint of Trade
Authors: Curfman Gregory 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLaw journals permit submission of scholarly manuscripts to multiple journals concurrently, but biomedical journals strictly forbid submission of manuscripts to more than one journal at a time. Law journals may then compete for the publication of manuscripts. This article examines whether the single-submission requirement of biomedical journals may constitute restraint of trade in violation of Section 1 of the Sherman Antitrust Act.
Engaging Disability Rights Law to Address the Distinct Harms at the Intersection of Race and Disability for People with Substance Use Disorder
Authors: Dineen Kelly K. , Pendo Elizabeth 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article examines the unique disadvantages experienced by Black people and other people of color with substance use disorder in health care, and argues that an intersectional approach to enforcing disability rights laws offer an opportunity to ameliorate some of the harms of oppression to this population.