bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison Between the Pseudo-Analytical and Finite Difference Method for Seismic Modelling and Imaging
Authors: Muhammed Mohammed Daniel Davis bin , Isa M Nasrul , Mishra Santosh 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Seismic forward modelling is typically done using the finite difference (FD) approach. However, this method suffers from numerical dispersion problems which translates into less focused stacks and a decrease in bandwidth coverage. To mitigate this problem, the pseudo analytical method formulated by Etgen and Brandersberg-Dahl in 2009 was utilized. This paper demonstrates that pseudo analytics’ pseudo differential operator that utilizes velocity interpolation allows it to be more robust towards varying velocity and grid sizes while providing better amplitudes for shot gathers compared to the FD modelling scheme. FD and pseudo analytically generated gathers were then migrated using the reverse time migration (RTM) algorithm and showed that the pseudo analytically generated shot gathers were better at preserving shallower and higher frequency reflectors while at the same time better suppressed migration artifacts at the steeply dipping salt flank. The pseudo analytically generated gathers also provided an improved amplitude spectrum compared to FD especially in the lower frequency range of around 25-50 Hz. Various test cases demonstrate that the pseudo analytical method was shown to be a viable alternative to the typically used FD method in imaging at challenging geological environments such as salt.
The First Successful Casing in Casing Cementing for Re-Fracturing Treatment in China: Case Study from China’s First Shale Gas Field
Authors: Wang Bin , Bhaisora Devesh , Missiaen Francois , Zhang Chi , Ming Yue , Shan Lipeng , Qin Le , Liu Jianting 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The Fuling shale gas field in China was discovered in 2012 and is a quality high pressure natural shale gas reservoir in the Longmaxi formation. Since then, more than 500 wells have been drilled and are being produced. However, over the period there has been a reduction in production and therefore refracturing is needed to maintain production. A new casing-in-casing method of re-constructing a new wellbore inside the legacy wellbore for re-fracturing was introduced and successfully executed.
The producing wellbore has a series of perforations along the casing of the horizontal section. Wellbore re-construction is required to isolate all these perforations and allow a plug-and-perf fracturing process in the new wellbore. It was planned to run a 3.5 inch casing into the existing 5.5 inch casing and cement it. A dependable cement barrier in this extremely tight annulus is required to carry on future re-frac operations. Computational fluid dynamics and stress modelling were performed to optimize the slurry density, rheology, mechanical properties and based on various iterations tailored ceramic centralizers were proposed to achieve zonal isolation objectives. The top of cement (TOC) in the annulus is required to be above the topmost planned perforation. The remaining 3.5 inch casing above the designed depth was disconnected and pulled out. A new 5.5 inch X 3.5 inch wellbore without any leaks to the existing perforation was constructed.
The wellbore was reamed to bottom, and the losses were treated prior to cementing. Tailored ceramic centralizers were installed on the casing to achieve optimum stand off along with a low friction factor which helped casing to run to the bottom successfully. A low rheology slurry tailored for optimum mechanical properties to withstand the fracturing operation was pumped and the cement returns to designed depth were noted. Cement bond log showed excellent results and the stage fracturing operation was performed with no issues with wellbore integrity.
A tailored slurry and centralizer design helped to achieve zonal isolation objectives in the low clearance casing-in-casing (CiC) cementing configuration. The critical wellbore re-construction objectives were achieved, and the well was re-fractured with substantial increase in production.
Osteoporosis
Authors: Sadat-Ali Mir , AlZamami Jana F. , AlNaimi Shaykhah N. , Al-Noaimi Dinah A. , AlDakheel Dakheel A. , AlSayed Hasan N. , Al-Turki Haifa A. , AlOmran Abdallah S. 
Published: March 2022

Background and Objective:
The objective of this analysis is to report from a teaching hospital in eastern Saudi Arabia hospital based prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis.

Methods:
This is a retrospective study of all patients who underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan between January 1, and December 31, 2018, at King Fahd Hospital of the University at Alkhobar, Saudi Arabia. Demographic data of patients, which included age, sex, diabetes mellitus status based on fasting blood sugar, hemoglobin A1C, Vitamin D level, parathormone level, and T score of the neck of femur and lumbar spine was extracted from the Quadrumed patient care system. The data was entered into database and analyzed.

Results:
Three hundred and one patients had a DXA scan for the year 2018, a jump of 27.2% of requests to diagnose osteoporosis. There were 55 (18.27%) were male and rest females (246). The average age for males was 65.2 ± 10.5 and females 62.9 ± 9.4 years. Using T score of the lumbar spine, 63.6% were osteoporotic in males and 52.8% in females.

Conclusions:
The hospital-based study shows that the prevalence of osteoporosis has significantly increased in men to 63.6%, while in postmenopausal women to 58.4%, this is high compared to the earlier reports.
Effect of preemptive intramuscular diclofenac on minimal effective-dose bupivacaine saddle block for minor perianal surgeries
Authors: Al-metwalli Roshdi R. , Khidr Alaa M. , Fallata Summayah M. , Elsayed Hitham M. A. 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Preemptive analgesics are commonly used to increase analgesic efficacy and patient satisfaction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the preemptive analgesic effect of intramuscular diclofenac on minimal effective dose spinal anesthesia for perianal surgeries.

Materials and Methods:
Fifty patients ASA I&II were divided randomly into two groups, control group (GC N = 25) and Diclofenac group (GD N = 25), both groups received saddle block with 5% hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5 mL (2.5 mg). Thirty minutes before the saddle block, patients in GD received 75 mg (3 mL) diclofenac intramuscularly, whereas patients in GC received 3 mL saline intramuscularly. The differences in the time for the first analgesic request, postoperative analgesic consumption as well as, visual analog scale, were our primary outcomes.

Results:
Fifty patients (25 in each group) undergoing perianal surgery completed the study successfully. The time to the first request of analgesia was significantly longer in GD 511.8 (108.07) min. compared to the GC 179.56 (49.24) min with P = 0.00001, as well as the total consumption of rescue analgesic (tramadol hydrochloride) was significantly less in GD 66 (23.8) mg compared to 104 (28.5) mg in the GC with P = 0.00001.

Conclusion:
Preemptive intramuscular diclofenac sodium with minimal dose bupivacaine saddle block significantly minimized the postoperative analgesic consumption and delayed the first analgesia request after perianal surgery.
Vertebral column length and abdominal girth as predictors for cephalad spread of intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine
Authors: Nigam Chanchal , Tyagi Asha , Bhatt Shuchi , Kumar Mahendra 
Published: March 2022

Introduction:
In recent literature, there is some suggestion of vertebral column length (VCL) and abdominal girth (AG) in determining cephalad spread of spinal anesthetic. Bodily habitus including abdominal fat distribution, AG, and VCL may vary among individuals from different races/ethnicity. We thus aimed to evaluate the role of AG, and VCL measured with the patient in sitting as well as lateral position, in determining the cephalad spread of intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine.

Methods:
Prospective blinded study conducted in 60 consenting adult male patients of ASA status I or II, undergoing lower limb surgery using standardized combined spinal epidural performed. The cephalad spread of subarachnoid block was assessed using loss of discrimination to pin-prick and cold temperature. The VCL was measured from C7 vertebra to the sacral hiatus in sitting as well lateral decubitus position. The AG was measured at level of umbilicus during end of expiration.

Results:
The mean AG and VCL in sitting/lateral positions were: 78.4 ± 11.0, 60.9 ± 3.2, and 59.2 ± 3.2 cm, respectively. VCL in sitting position was significantly longer than in lateral position (P = 0.000). There was no significant correlation between the Smax (pin-prick) and AG (P = 0.138), or VCL in sitting position (P = 0.549), or VCL in lateral position (P = 0.323). Similar lack of correlation was noted with the Smax (cold) as well (P > 0.05).

Conclusions:
Contribution of AG or VCL on the extent of intrathecal drug spread is not a consistent finding.
Modelling of a Conventional Piston of a Single Cylinder Four-Stroke Diesel Engine by Using SolidWorks
Authors: Isaac Festus O. , Abu Lukman 
Published: March 2022

This paper presents a 3D modelling of a conventional piston of a single cylinder four-stroke diesel engine using ZS1115NM diesel engine specification. Piston in internal combustion engine (ICE) is a circular piece of metal which converts the rotary movement of the crankshaft into reciprocating motion thereby exerting a force on the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder. It converts thermal energy into mechanical energy in an internal combustion engine (ICE). The methodology applied was analytical design and modelling of the piston using SOLIDWORKS 2013 3D Computer Aided Design (CAD) software. This method was used because it provided a step by step designing of the various elements of the piston. The material chosen for the piston is an aluminium alloy designated as A92618 or simply A2618, due majorly to its high coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) which enables the piston withstand high thermal stress without cracking or failure. Another important reason is that it has a high thermal conductivity (approximately 3 times than that of cast iron). It is seen that with given engine specification a suitable material for designing a conventional piston is chosen and the model manufactured. Keywords— 3D modelling, ZS1115NM, Internal combustion engine, SOLIDWORKS 2013, A2618, Coefficient of thermal expansion
An Enhanced Model for the prediction of Minimum Transport Conditions in Multiphase Flow Systems
Authors: Ehinmowo Adegboyega B. , Talabi Oluwasanmi O. , Ajala Elijah O. , Olamigoke Olugbenga , Ojewumi Modupe E. 
Published: March 2022

Hydrocarbon production accompanied by the flow of sand from reservoirs is unavoidable as many of the formations are poorly consolidated. The deposition of the produced sand at low velocities or production of sand at very high velocity can pose serious challenges to the condition of the petroleum pipeline as it can lead to pipeline capacity reduction and degradation respectively. It is therefore important to investigate the minimum transport velocity that prevents sand deposition in the pipelines. In this study, the firefly optimization algorithm (FFA) was used in the development of the improved model for the prediction of minimum transport condition (MTC) in a multiphase pipeline. The model development was implemented using the MATLAB software package. The input parameters were sand concentration, particle diameter, viscosity, density and superficial velocity of the hydrocarbons. The developed model was observed to perform better than the base model with a R2 value of 0.9845 and 0.8149 for the developed model and base model respectively. The newly developed model was also compared with some existing models and the statistical measures show that the developed model gave a better performance. This enhanced model can be used for the prediction of MTC in multiphase pipelinesKeywords— Algorithms, Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Firefly algorithm (FFA), Minimum Transport Condition (MTC)
Design and Simulation of a Three-Phase Induction Motor Speed Control System
Authors: Olarinoye Gbenga A. , Akorede Mudathir F. , Akinropo Charles D. 
Published: March 2022

Three-phase Induction motors are increasingly used in a variety of applications such as fans, milling machines, transportation, etc. In applications requiring precise speed control such as robotics, centrifugal pumps, mills and other high-performance applications, it is essential that speed is maintained constant at a desired fixed value. Many speed control techniques exist in literature but this paper presents the design of a simple PI controller and its use to control the speed of a three-phase induction motor. A controller design that applies the Phase margin (PM) as the stability criterion is employed. The cross-over frequency and phase margin of the open loop gain of motor and controller are specified in order to develop a stable control system. The three-phase induction motor model is presented and modified for the purpose of control. A comparative analysis between the motor performance with and without the PI controller was performed. The unit step response of the speed control loop is characterized by rise time, settling time, steady state error and peak overshoot of 0.0253s, 0.19s, 2.2e-14% and 24.03% respectively. Simulation results show that the speed of the uncontrolled motor changed whereas that of the controlled motor returned quickly to its initial value after the motor is subjected to load disturbances in steady state.Keywords— Controller, Induction motor, Model, Speed control, Steady state.
IDETIFIKASI UKURAN PAKAIAN BERBASIS IMAGE PROCESSING
Authors: Widyawati Widyawati , Fatoni Ahmad , Renaldi Renaldi 
Published: March 2022

Data becomes a valuable asset today. With so much data, current technology can open up the possibility to process and make predictions. Machine Learning (ML) is part of Artificial Intelligence (AI) which has become an important tool in software systems in optimizing running systems. Image Classification is one of the topics of Machine Learning that is widely used in machine learning. The application of image classification on the server-side is often done in every complex classification problem because it requires large computing power. This application uses the ml5.js library as a javascript library to process data in machine learning. The application of machine learning for clothing measurement allows users to make it easier to determine the size of clothes at the Reevant Supply IND store. Meanwhile, to support the use of machine learning on the website, a pre-trained model is needed. This study examines neural network settings such as epoch and optimal learning rate. In addition, to prove that you can be superior in training time and loss function values. The results of this study prove that it is easier for users to determine the size of clothes purchased at the Reevant Supply IND store much faster than prior consultation with the store admin
Analisis Motivasi Belajar Siswa dalam Masa Pandemi Covid 19 pada SMK N.1 BARUMUN
Authors: Juliana Minarti , Rizqi Nur Rahmi 
Published: March 2022

Latar belakang masalah pada penelitian ini adalah penyebaran wabah covid – 19 yang mengkibatkan Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan mengeluarkan surat No.36962/MPK.A/HK/2020 tentang pembelajaran secara daring dan work from home untuk mencegah penyebaran covid-19. Salah satu masalah yang timbul dalam pembelajaran daring adalah pembelajaran matematika. Dimana kita ketahui sendiri, untuk pembelajaran matematika adalah pembelajaran yang sangat sulit menurut para peserta didik. Akan tetapi wabah covid -19 menjadi hambatan menurut peserta didik dan pengajar dalam proses pembelajaran daring. Hal yang sangat penting untuk mengatasi kesulitan dalam pembelajaran jarak jauh terutama pelajaran matematika adalah dengan adanya motivasi belajar siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan 1) Angket, untuk memperoleh data motivasi belajar siswa. Kemudian dianalisis dengan analisis deskriptif dengan menggunakan cara berpikir induktif 2) Wawancara, untuk memperoleh informasi yang berhubungan dengan motivasi belajar siswa.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa motivasi belajar siswa kelas X AV1 SMK Negeri 1 Barumun dalam pembelajaran matematika secara daring terealisasi sesuai dengan yang diharapkan dilihat dari proses penyelesaian jawaban siswa pada pembelajaran daring, dimana terdapat skor jawaban keseluruhan siswa berada pada kategori baik sebesar 80,62%.
Ўзбекистонда ер муносабатлари ривожланишининг тарихий босқичлари, уларнинг ер ислоҳотини амалга оширишдаги аҳамияти
Authors: Бабажанов Аллаберган , Алтиев Абдурашид 
Published: March 2022

Мақолада монографик тадқиқотлар ҳамда аналитик таҳлил усулларидан фойдаланилган ҳолда турли тарихий ва илмий манбаларни ўрганиш асосида кишилик жамиятининг ижтимоий-иқтисодий муносабатлари қаторидан муҳим ўрин эгаллаган ер муносабатларини, хусусан, ерга эгалик қилиш ва ердан фойдаланишни Ўрта Осиёда, жумладан, Ўзбекистонда тарихий шаклланиши ва ривожланиши, уларни республикада бугунги ер ислоҳотларини амалга оширишда тутган ўрни ҳамда аҳамияти баён қилинган, яъни ерга эгалик ва ердан фойдаланишда, асосан, давлат эгалиги, мулк эгалиги ва вақф (диний идоралар) эгаликларининг қадимдан кенг тарқалганлиги, ердан фойдаланишда рента билан боғлиқ кўп сонли ер солиқлари жорий қилинганлиги эътироф этилади; Амир Темур ҳукмронлиги давридаги ер солиғи, янги ерларни ўзлаштириш ва уларга сув чиқариш тизимларидаги ўзига хос бўлган имтиёзлар, бу тадбирларнинг бугунги кунда ҳам алоҳида аҳамиятга эга эканлиги қайд қилинади.
Культура Узбекистана и политика советской власти в 1920-1930 гг.
Authors: Ишанходжаева З. 
Published: March 2022

В данной статье, рассмотрены вопросы проведения культурной политики советской власти в Узбекистане в 1920-1930 гг. Анализируются события, отражающие отношение советской власти к культурно-просветительским учреждениям.
Revisiting Domestic Intelligence
Authors: Sullivan John , Lester Genevieve 
Published: March 2022

This article looks at the evolution of US domestic intelligence prior to and since 9/11 in light of the Capitol attacks. It also reviews the literature and practice of intelligence reform in the context of foreign comparative experience (France, UK, Canada, Australia). It looks at the promise of fusion centers, cocontemporay domestic intelligence models, and the continuing need for domestic intelligence reform.
Additional Keywords: Domestic Intelligence, Intelligence Reform, Intelligence Fusion
Kesiapan Guru dalam Perencanaan Pembelajaran Kelas VIII Berbasis Kurikulum 2013
Authors: Angriana Resti , Nur Jaya Hasma , Halima Halima 
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kesiapan guru dalam perencanaan pembelajaran kelas VIII berbasis Kurikulum 2013 di SMP Negeri 1 Wawonii Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif melalui pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan teknik dokumen, observasi, dan wawancara. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di SMP Negeri 1 Wawonii Timur pada kelas VIII dengan jumlah subjek penelitian sebanyak 7 orang. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kesiapan guru dalam perencanaan pembelajaran kelas VIII berbasis kurikulum 2013 di SMP Negeri 1 Wawonii Timur telah memenuhi standar kesiapan yang telah ditetapkan, namun masih ada beberapa guru yang masuk kategori siap, yaitu guru yang belum mencapai nilai 100 yang berarti bahwa masih ada guru yang belum bisa memenuhi sebagian indikator kesiapan guru dalam perencanaan pembelajaran kelas VIII berbasis kurikulum 2013 di SMP Negeri 1 Wawonii Timur. Namun secara umum kendala tersebut masih dalam batas wajar sehingga guru-guru kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 1 Wawonii Timur bisa dikatakan memiliki kesiapan yang baik dalam Perencanaan Pembelajaran Kelas VIII berbasis kurikulum 2013.
Analisis Layanan Administrasi Kesiswaan Di SMP Negeri 3 Parigi Kabupaten Muna
Authors: Ode Muhamad Ikbal La , Halima Halima , Arfin Arfin 
Published: March 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ketersediaan layanan administrasi kesiswaan SMP Negeri 3 Parigi. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif, dengan populasi penelitian adalah seluruh guru dan staf di SMP Negeri 3 Parigi yang berjumlah 12 orang serta siswa kelas VII, VIII dan IX sejumlah 23 siswa. Penelitian ini hanya memiliki 1 variabel tunggal dalam hal ini hanya terdapat variabel X; layanan administrasi kesiswaan. Metode analisis dalam penelitian ini yakni meliputi analisis deskriptif kuantatitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara keseluruhan layanan administrasi kesiswaan pada SMP Negeri 3 Parigi sudah berada dalam kategori Sangat Baik. Hal ini dapat terlihat dari skor penilaian untuk layanan administrasi yakni sebesar 85.97% atau berada dalam kategori penilaian 81-100% dengan 9 indikator penilaian yaitu penerimaan siswa baru, pengisisan data siswa, melakukan bimbingan kelas, mengatur pembagian kelas, catatan keterlambatan siswa, mengarahkan dan mengatur kegiatan organisasi siswa, mengerjakan buku mutasi siswa, membina usaha kesehatan sekolah dan melaksanakan kegiatan pengelompokan siswa kelas.
Penerapan Metode Experience Telling dalam Meningkatkan Kepercayaan Diri Kelompok B TK Al Munawarah
Authors: Mukarramah Lisnal , Hermanto Hermanto , Ode Sari Amalia Wa 
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Prosedur pelaksanaan penelitian tindakan kelas ini terdiri dari dua siklus. Tiap siklus dilaksanakan sesuai dengan perubahan yang ingin dicapai seperti apa yang telah didesain dalam faktor-faktor yang diselidiki. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah 17 anak didik kelompok B TK Al Munawarah Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019. Dari hasil evaluasi dan observasi, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode experience telling dapat meningkatkan kepercayaan diri anak didik kelompok B TK Al Munawarah Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019 yakni kegiatan yang dilaksanakan dari siklus I mencapai nilai 52.94% dan di siklus II mencapai nilai 82,35%.
Pola Tanam Polikultur Sayuran pada Pekarangan Sempit Melalui Sistem Vertikal Garden Dalam Mendukung Ketahanan Pangan pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Mada Sri Tirto Madawistama , Ni’mah Khomsatun , Heryani Yeni , Kurniawan Dian 
Published: March 2022

Pemanfaatan lahan pekarangan di setiap rumah dapat dilakukan secara maksimal terutama dalam hal mewujudkan ketahanan pangan berbasis keluarga. Pemanfaatan secara optimal melalui penanaman beragam jenis tanaman terutama tanaman sayuran berpotensi besar terpenuhinya pangan bagi keluarga. Desa Wanasigra Kabupaten Ciamis merupakan salah satu daerah yang terdampak pandemi covid 19, desa tersebut jauh dari pasar dan perkotaan sehingga terkendala dalam hal ketersediaan pangan. Objek pengabdian skema Ketahanan Pangan yaitu warga dan kelompok tani desa wanasigra. Warga dan kelompok tani memperoleh pembinaan dalam memanfaatkan lahan pekarangan rumahnya melalui Pola Tanam Polikultur Sayuran melalui Sistem Vertikal Garden. Hasil panen warga dan kelompok tani dapat dikonsumsi oleh keluarganya atau dapat pula dijual. Penjualan difasilitasi oleh ketua yang ditunjuk untuk mendistribusikan ke wilayan lainnya diluar desa wanasigra. Hasil dari bantuan serta pembinaan warga dan kelompok tani desa wanasigra terlihat lebih mandiri dalam ketersediaan pangan serta memperoleh penghasilan tambahan bagi keluarganya sehingga dapat dikatakan mereka telah mampu menjaga ketahanan pangan untuk jangka panjang. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian yaitu melalui penyuluhan, diskusi, pendampingan dan introduksi teknologi hingga pemasaran melalui pakar pertanian yang ditunjuk oleh pihak eksternal.