bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moments Estimation for Multi-factor Uncertain Differential Equations Based on Residuals
Authors: Yao Linjie , Sheng Yuhong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Parameter estimation is always the focus of constructing differential equations to simulate dynamic systems. In order to solve the unknown parameters of multi-factor uncertain differential equations, a class of updated multi-factor uncertain differential equations is proposed. According to its uncertainty distribution, the concept of residual is proposed and its specific expression is given. Based on the characteristic that the residuals obey the linear uncertainty distribution, moment estimation and generalized moment estimation are performed on the unknown parameters. Some numerical examples are given to demonstrate.
A Clinicopathologic Analysis of 70 patients with Pure Mucinous Breast Carcinoma
Authors: Sood Rupali , Miller Karin , Tsai Hua-Ling , Cimino-Mathews Ashley , Connolly Roisin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Purpose: Pure mucinous breast carcinomas (PMBC) are rare cancers that are managed per standard breast cancer treatment protocols. In this study, we review the clinicopathologic features, treatment, and outcomes of patients with PMBC treated at our academic cancer center.
Methods: We searched institutional pathology databases for patients with histologically confirmed PMBC over a 20-year period (January 1998 - October 2018) who received any portion of clinical care at our institution. Archival pathology slides were re-reviewed to confirm the diagnosis and record pathologic features, including the presence or absence of a micropapillary component. We estimated recurrence free survival (RFS) probabilities using the Kaplan-Meier method and evaluated prognostic factors using Cox regression.
Results: A total of 70 cases of PMBC were identified, including 13 with micropapillary features. Median patient age was 65 years (range, 39-94) and approximately 40% were African American or Asian. The majority of patients had negative lymph nodes (84%), tumors < 2 cm (79%), grade I-II (94%), and hormone receptor positive (99%) disease, with Ki-67 proliferation indices ‎≤10% (54%). All patients underwent surgery, 50% received adjuvant radiation therapy, 6% adjuvant chemotherapy, and 63% adjuvant hormone therapy. Five-year RFS was 94% with no identified clinicopathologic or treatment factors significantly affecting survival, including the presence of micropapillary features.
Conclusion: We report one of the more diverse single institution series of patients with PMBC based in the United States.This rare breast cancer subtype is associated with a favorable prognosis and may benefit from omission of aggressive standard treatment approaches.
Making predictions under hypothetical interventions: a case study from the PREDICT-CVD cohort in New Zealand primary care
Authors: Lin Lijing , Poppe Katrina , Wood Angela , Martin Glen , Peek Niels , Sperrin Matthew 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Most existing clinical prediction models do not allow predictions under hypothetical interventions. Such predictions allow predicted risk under different proposed strategies to be compared, which is useful to support clinical decision making. We aimed to compare methodological approaches for predicting individual level cardiovascular risk under three hypothetical interventions: smoking cessation, reducing blood pressure, and reducing cholesterol.
Methods
We used data from the PREDICT prospective cohort study in New Zealand to calculate cardiovascular risk in a primary care setting. We compared three strategies to estimate absolute risk under hypothetical interventions: (a) conditioning on hypothetical interventions in non-causal models; (b) integrating existing prediction models with causal effects estimated using observational causal inference methods; and (c) integrating existing prediction models with causal effects reported in published literature.
Results
The median absolute cardiovascular risk among smokers was 3.9%; our approaches predicted that smoking cessation reduced this to a median between 2.4% and 2.8%, depending on estimation methods. For reducing blood pressure, the proposed approaches estimated a reduction of absolute risk from a median of 4.9% to a median between 3.1–4.5%. Reducing cholesterol was estimated to reduce median absolute risk from 3.1% to between 1.9% and 2.8%.
Conclusions
Estimated absolute risk reductions based on non-causal methods were very different to those based on causal methods, and there was also substantial variation in estimates within the causal methods. Researchers wishing to estimate hypothetical risk should be explicit about their causal modelling assumptions and conduct sensitivity analysis by considering a range of possible approaches.
Fluid-structure interaction simulation of visceral perfusion and impact of different cannulation methods on aortic dissection
Authors: Lee Gyu-Han , Heo Woon , Lee Youngjin , Kim Tae-Hoon , Huh Hyungkyu , Song Suk-Won , Ha Hojin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHemodynamics in aortic dissection (AD) is closely associated with the risk of aortic aneurysm, coarctation, rupture, hypertension, and malperfusion. Altered blood flow in patients with AD can lead to severe complications such as visceral malperfusion. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of cannulation flow on hemodynamics in patients with AD using a fluid-structure interaction simulation. We developed a specific-idealized AD model including intimal tear on descending thoracic aorta. Two different cannulation methods were tested: 1) Axillary cannulation (AC) only through the brachiocephalic trunk, and 2) combined axillary and femoral cannulation (AFC) through the brachiocephalic trunk and the right common iliac artery. The AC was found to develop the pressure difference between the true and false lumens due to the difference of the flow rate through each lumen. This pressure difference collapses the true lumen, disturbing blood flow to the celiac and superior mesenteric arteries. However, in the AFC, the pressure levels between the two lumens were similar, no collapse occurred, and the visceral flow was increased compared to that in the AC. Lastly, the collapse of true lumen was affected by the cannulation flow rate and also stiffness of the intimal flap.
Structural Basis of Protein Condensation on Microtubules
Authors: Polenova Tatyana , Guo Changmiao , Alfaro-Aco Raymundo , Zhang Chunting , Russell Ryan , Petry Sabine 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Targeting protein for Xklp2 (TPX2) is a key factor that stimulates branching microtubule nucleation during cell division. Upon binding to microtubules, TPX2 forms condensates via liquid-liquid phase separation, which facilitates recruitment of microtubule nucleation factors and tubulin. We report the structure of the TPX2 C-terminal minimal active domain (TPX2α5-α7) on the microtubule lattice, determined by magic-angle-spinning NMR. We demonstrate that TPX2α5-α7 can form a co-condensate with soluble tubulin and a liquid layer on microtubules, by binding between two adjacent protofilaments and at the intersection of four tubulin heterodimers. These interactions stabilize the microtubules and promote the recruitment of tubulin. Aromatic residues form dense hydrophobic interactions that stabilize folding of TPX2α5-α7. This work informs on how the phase-separated TPX2α5-α7 behaves on microtubules and represents the first structural characterization of a protein that forms a liquid layer on a cytoskeletal filament.
The emotional well-being of Long COVID patients, widening social support and stigmatization in health and social services: a qualitative study
Authors: Samper-Pardo Mario , Oliván-Blázquez Bárbara , Magallón-Botaya Rosa , Méndez-López Fátima , Bartolomé-Moreno Cruz , León-Herrera Sandra 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Long COVID patients have experienced a decline in their quality of life caused, in part but not wholly, by its negative emotional impact. Some of the most prevalent mental symptoms presented by Long COVID patients are anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders. Therefore, the need has arisen to establish the personal experiences of these patients to understand how they are managing in their daily lives while dealing with the condition. Objective: To increase understanding of the emotional well-being of people diagnosed with Long COVID. Methodology: A qualitative design was created and carried out using 35 patients, with 17 subjects being interviewed individually and 18 of them taking part in two focus groups. The participating patients were recruited in November and December 2021 from Primary Health Care (PHC) centers in the city of Zaragoza (Northern Spain) and from the Association of Long COVID Patients in Aragon. The study themes were emotional well-being, social support networks and experience of discrimination. All analyzes were performed iteratively using NVivo software. Results: The Long COVID patients demonstrated a very low state of mind due to their symptoms and limitations that had been persistent for many months in their daily life. Suicidal thoughts were also mentioned by several patients. They referred to anguish and anxiety about the future as well as fear of reinfection or relapse and returning to work. Many of the participants reported that they have sought the help of a mental health professional. Most identified discriminatory situations in health care. Conclusion: It is necessary to continue delving into the impact that Long COVID has had on mental health, and to provide entities with the necessary resources to solve these problems.
Enhanced removal of aqueous Cr(VI) by the in-situ iron-loaded activated carbon through a facile impregnation with Fe(II) and Fe(VI) two-step method: Mechanism study
Authors: Kong Yanli , Huang Zhiyan , Chu Hangyu , Ma Yaqian , Ma Jiangya , Nie Yong , Ding Lei , Chen Zhonglin , Shen Jimin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this study, a novel in-situ iron-loaded activated carbon (AFPAC) was prepared by a FeSO4/K2FeO4 impregnation and oxidation combination two-step supported on activated carbon for enhanced removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions. Compared with fresh activated carbon, Cr(VI) removal efficiency by AFPAC increased by more than 70% under the same conditions, which due to rich iron oxides formed in-situ and synergistic effect between iron oxides and activated carbon. Cr(VI) adsorption behaviors on AFPAC under different water quality parameters were investigated. Multiple adsorption mechanisms of Cr(VI) removal by AFPAC included electrostatic attraction, redox reaction, coordinate complexation and co-precipitation. Cr(VI) adsorption process on AFPAC consisted of the three reaction steps: (1) fast protonation and electrostatic adsorption, (2) reduction of Cr(VI) into Cr(III) through at least two ways, (3) formation of inner-sphere complexes and then co-precipitation.
Optimizing simultaneous selection in long-term breeding: a stochastic simulation study for a tropical corn haploid inducer population
Authors: Fritsche-Neto Roberto , Sabadin Felipe , doVale Julio César , Souza Pedro Henrique , Borges Karina Lima Reis , Crossa Jose 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Plant breeders widely use recurrent selection schemes to increase the frequency of favorable alleles for quantitative traits in a population. Although simultaneous selection is complex because it involves several traits combined with selection cycles, the use of selection indexes (SI) is applied to increase the chance of success of the breeding program. Moreover, many indices are available in the literature; therefore, simulations can help breeders determine which selection index can be adjusted better considering the selection goals, intensity, and genetic correlation among traits over breeding cycles. In this context, we aimed to optimize the simultaneous selection in long-term breeding programs via stochastic simulations using as an example a tropical maize inducer breeding. Furthermore, we proposed a new approach to optimize the initial weights for the Smith-Hazel method to maximize the genetic gains for all traits in a balanced way. Finally, our results confirm that the traditional Smith and Hazel approach outperformed other methods for the total and balanced response to selection for important traits in a tropical corn haploid inducer breeding population.
Red biases sex categorization of human bodies
Authors: Chen Na , Nakamura Koyo , Watanabe Katsumi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Color carries gender information (e.g., red–female/blue–male). This study explored whether red could bias sex categorization of human bodies. Visual stimuli were created from body silhouettes that varied along the waist-to-hip ratio from female to male perception, combined with the red, green, and gray colors that were used as body color (Exp. 1) and background color (Exp. 2). Participants were instructed to categorize the sex of body stimulus as male or female by pressing one of two labelled keys. Results showed that red body color induced a female-body bias, while red background color induced a male-body bias, compared with green and gray colors. Thus, red plays a role in body-sex processing, and the color positioning affects this red effect. Those results suggest that there are different levels of activation of color–sex associations in the body-sex perception.
Systematic review of cholangiocarcinoma in Africa: epidemiology, management, and clinical outcomes
Authors: Asombang Akwi W , Chishinga Nathaniel , Mohamed Mouhand , Nkhoma Alick , Chipaila Jackson , Nsokolo Bright , Manda-Mapalo Martha , Montiero Joao Filipe G , Banda Lewis , Dua Kulwinder 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND:

The prevalence, management, and clinical outcomes of cholangiocarcinoma in Africa are unknown. The aim is to conduct a comprehensive systematic review on the epidemiology, management, and outcomes of cholangiocarcinoma in Africa.

METHODS:

We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and CINHAL from inception up to November 2019 for studies on cholangiocarcinoma in Africa. The results reported follow PRISMA guidelines. Quality of studies and risk of bias were adapted from a standard quality assessment tool.

RESULTS:

A total of 201 citations were identified from the four databases. After excluding duplicates, 133 full texts were reviewed for eligibility, and 11 studies were included. The 11 studies are reported from 4 countries only: 8 are from North Africa (Egypt 6 and Tunisia 2), and 3 in Sub-Saharan Africa (2 in South Africa, 1 in Nigeria). Ten studies reported management and outcomes, while one study reported epidemiology and risk factors. Median age for cholangiocarcinoma ranged between 52 and 61 years. Despite the proportion with cholangiocarcinoma being higher among males than females in Egypt, this gender disparity could not be demonstrated in other African countries. Chemotherapy is mainly used for palliative care. Surgical interventions are curative and prevent cancer progression. Statistical analyses were performed with Stata 15.1. Descriptive data were expressed as numbers with proportions and Chi-squared test was used to compare proportions. P values < 0.05 were considered significant.

CONCLUSION:

The known global major risk factors such as primary sclerosing cholangitis, Clonorchis sinensis and Opisthorchis viverrini infestation are rare. Chemotherapy treatment was mainly used for palliative treatment and was reported in three studies. Surgical intervention was described in at least 6 studies as a curative modality of treatment. Diagnostic capabilities such as radiographic imaging and endoscopic are lacking across the continent which most likely plays a role in accurate diagnosis.
Digital Economy and Green Development—Based on the Empirical Research on the Resource-based Prefecture-Level City
Authors: Chen Shi , Yang Yang , Wu Tingting 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Green development is the core content of the high-quality economic development, and the digital economy is the new driving force to accelerate the realization of high-quality economic development. In this regard, this paper selects 248 resource-based prefecture-level cities in China from 2011 to 2019 as the research objects and uses the fixed effect model and mediation effect model to test the relationship between digital economy and regional green development. We get the following conclusions: first, there is the nonlinear relationship between digital economy and regional green development, and this relationship shows the inverted U-shape. Secondly, digital economy can influence regional green development through the path transmission mechanism of regional technological innovation, industrial structure and environmental regulation. Finally, the effect of digital economy on regional green development is heterogeneous, especially in the eastern region and cities with high human capital level. Based on the digital economy, the findings of this paper provide theoretical basis and reference suggestions for promoting the green transformation development of regional economy.
The application of mixed reality to sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer Running title: Application of mixed reality in breast cancer
Authors: Feng Zhenchu , Liang Wenlong , Qi Yuan , Shao Nan , Jin Chenglong , Ma Fei , Tao Lin , Wang Jiyan , Qiu Zhaowen , Zhang Jianguo , Chen Xi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to explore the value of mixed reality (MR) in sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in patients with breast cancer.
Methods
A total of 300 patients with breast cancer who underwent SLNB in the Department of Breast Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital between August 2018 to March 2019 were enrolled. They were randomly divided into two groups using a random number table. In group A, only dye (an injection of methylene blue) was used to detect sentinel lymph nodes, while in group B MR was used for positioning in addition to dye.
Results
During surgery, the detection time in group B was significantly shorter than in group A (3.62 ± 1.20 vs.7.87 ± 1.86; p < 0.001). At the one- and six-month post-surgery follow-ups, the incidences of pain and numbness in group B were lower than in group A (2.70% vs. 8.28%, p = 0.036; 0.68% vs. 3.45%, p = 0.094, respectively), the incidence of upper limb dysfunction in group B was lower than that of group A (2.03% vs. 8.97%, p = 0.009; 0% vs. 2.07%, p = 0.120, respectively), and the patient satisfaction score of group B was higher than that of group A (4.04 ± 0.91 vs. 3.32 ± 0.94, p < 0.001).
Conclusion
MR can construct a three-dimensional visualization model for use in surgery. The application of this technology to SLNB in patients with breast cancer can significantly reduce the detection time and the occurrence of complications and improve patient satisfaction.
Linking hydrological connectivity to gully erosion in the lateritic badland of sub-tropical environment: An in-situ experimental study within the Grand Canyon of Bengal, Eastern India
Authors: Roy Paramita , Pal Subodh Chandra , Chakrabortty Rabin , Chowdhuri Indrajit , Saha Asish , I Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul , Islam Aznarul , Costache Romulus 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGeomorphological processes that occur on the surface structure of the region are included in badland geomorphology. Rapid soil erosion and the production of various geomorphic characteristics are related to badland development. The expansion of their main channels is inextricably tied to the formation of gullies. The “degree of badland formation” inside that catchment and the characteristics of the substrate may both be learned from an analysis of the longitudinal shape of these channels. In this work the mechanism and trend of erosion has been done with help of cross section analysis and prominent geomorphic process. The very high resolution DEM has been prepared in this perspective. Finding out how large-scale erosion occurs and how it contributes to the deterioration of the land is the main objective of the research. According to this viewpoint, the nature of erosion may be measured using the connectivity index and gullies. In this region, the early “rills and minor gullies emerge over the high duricrust escarpment”, where it is discovered that the ambient lateritic hardpan has a substantial impact on the gully channel character, with the majority of them having steeper portions in the middle of their course. Apart from this there is an increasing tendency of erosion from the previous period to present time.
Allergen bronchoprovocation: Correlation between FEV1 maximal percent fall and area under the FEV1 curve and impact of allergen on recovery.
Authors: Durr Sarah-Marie , Davis Beth , Gauvreau Gail , Cockcroft Donald W 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
House dust mite (HDM) induces greater responses than other allergens during allergen bronchoprovocation (ABP) testing. The two standardized methods for reporting results of ABP tests are the maximal percent fall in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1, max; %) and the area under the FEV1 vs time curve (AUC; %FEV1 x min). The relationship between these two methods has not been previously investigated.
Aims
Our first objective was to measure the correlation between FEV1, max and AUC during the early asthmatic response (EAR) and the late asthmatic response (LAR). Second, we aimed to determine if the EAR recovery period for HDM would be longer than other allergens (cat, grass, horse, and ragweed).
Methods
We retrospectively calculated EAR(0−2h) and LAR(3−7h) AUC and examined correlation between FEV1, max and AUC for both EAR(0−2h) and LAR(3−7h) for each listed allergen. We compared EAR(0−3h) and LAR(3−7h) FEV1, max, AUC and absolute difference in FEV1, max to the most recovered FEV1 (FEV1, min) 3 hours post-challenge for each allergen (third hour included to measure the EAR ending). We performed pairwise comparisons of correlation and slope values using Fischer’s r to z transformation and t-tests, respectively. AUC and absolute differences in FEV1, max and FEV1, min were compared using a one-way ANOVA test, followed by a post-hoc Scheffe test.
Results
Correlation between the EAR(0−2h) FEV1, max and the AUC (n = 221) was 0.807, and for the LAR(3−7h) (n = 157 of 221) was 0.798, (difference p = 0.408). The EAR(0−3h) AUC and FEV1, max did differ between the listed allergens (both p < 0.0001) but the LAR(3−7h) AUC and FEV1, max did not (p = 0.548 and 0.824, respectively). HDM did not cause a delayed recovery, measured by AUC or FEV1, max, than all other allergens during the EAR(0−3h) or the LAR(3−7h). The absolute difference between the FEV1, max and FEV1, min during the EAR(0−3h) did not differ between allergens (p = 0.180).
Conclusion
The FEV1, max and AUC for both the EAR(0−2h) and LAR(3−7h) had excellent correlation, with no significant difference. There was no evidence of delayed EAR(0−3h) recovery following HDM challenges.