bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Magic of Optical Memories
Authors: Schneider Edward 
Published: June 2022

Optical memory in the form of compact discs is ever increasing inpopularity throughout the world. Two variations are Compact Disc Read-Only Memory (CD ROM) and Compact Disc-Interactive (CD-I). CD ROM is well-suited to information storage in the form of text. CD-I is not in the production yet but will be capable of text, graphics, video still frames, and audio at three different quality levels. Education is not the target market for CD ROM or CD-I. Nevertheless, both CD ROM and CD-I can be a great boon to language education and will find their place in the education market.
Computer Assisted Language Learning: A Client's View
Authors: Dhaif Husain A. 
Published: June 2022

Perhaps one of the significant milestones in English Language Training (ELT) in the last decade was the introduction of personal computers as an aid in the ELT classroom. Although this was mainly associated with the more affluent societies, the fact remains that major publishers were quick to jump on the bandwagon to produce a sizeable body of teaching material for CALL (Computer-Assisted Language Learning). Papers have also been published which deal with the topic in one way or another. The views range between hailing the computer as the best answer to the otherwise monotonous task of practicing language items in the classroom setting, and considering it as yet another classroom novelty analogous to the rise of the language laboratories in the sixties.	Whatever the view might be, it is perhaps surprising that the clients, and I mean here the learners and not the institutions, have not properly been consulted to find out what they like or dislike about CALL; nor have any serious attempts been made to measure the effectiveness of CALL based programs.	This paper attempts, through a questionnaire, to shed some light on the first issue, i.e., the view of the learners and their reactions to using the computer in learning a foreign language. It also tries to identify the strategies used by these learners in dealing with CALL exercises, and discusses some general issues related to the uses of CALL.
A Deep Learning Approach for Automated Segmentation of Kidneys and Exophytic Cysts in Individuals with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease
Authors: Kim Youngwoo , Tao Cheng , Kim Hyungchan , Oh Geum-Yoon , Ko Jeongbeom , Bae Kyongtae T. 
Published: June 2022

Significance Statement
Total kidney volume (TKV) is the most important biomarker of disease severity and progression for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) but determining volumes of kidney and exophytic cysts from magnetic resonance images is a labor-intensive and complex process involving manual tracing of boundaries of kidneys slice by slice. In patients with prominent exophytic cysts, computation of TKV should exclude such cysts to avoid overestimating the disease progression risk profile. The authors developed and validated a deep learning–based fully automated method of computing TKV that excludes exophytic cyst volumes. Their findings indicate that the automated method’s performance is equivalent to the reference standard of manual tracing. This advanced technique shows promise for rapid and reliable assessment of TKV to help estimate ADPKD disease progression and treatment response.

Background
Total kidney volume (TKV) is an important imaging biomarker in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Manual computation of TKV, particularly with the exclusion of exophytic cysts, is laborious and time consuming.

Methods
We developed a fully automated segmentation method for TKV using a deep learning network to selectively segment kidney regions while excluding exophytic cysts. We used abdominal T2
-weighted magnetic resonance images from 210 individuals with ADPKD who were divided into two groups: one group of 157 to train the network and a second group of 53 to test it. With a 3D U-Net architecture using dataset fingerprints, the network was trained by K-fold cross-validation, in that 80% of 157 cases were for training and the remaining 20% were for validation. We used Dice similarity coefficient, intraclass correlation coefficient, and Bland–Altman analysis to assess the performance of the automated segmentation method compared with the manual method.

Results
The automated and manual reference methods exhibited excellent geometric concordance (Dice similarity coefficient: mean±SD, 0.962±0.018) on the test datasets, with kidney volumes ranging from 178.9 to 2776.0 ml (mean±SD, 1058.5±706.8 ml) and exophytic cysts ranging from 113.4 to 2497.6 ml (mean±SD, 549.0±559.1 ml). The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.9994 (95% confidence interval, 0.9991 to 0.9996; P<0.001) with a minimum bias of −2.424 ml (95% limits of agreement, −49.80 to 44.95).

Conclusions
We developed a fully automated segmentation method to measure TKV that excludes exophytic cysts and has an accuracy similar to that of a human expert. This technique may be useful in clinical studies that require automated computation of TKV to evaluate progression of ADPKD and response to treatment.
MUHASEBE MESLEK MENSUPLARININ MESLEK ETİĞİ HAKKINDAKİ ALGI VE TUTUMLARININ İNCELENMESİ: TRB1 BÖLGESİNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: KAYA Hamza , DURMUŞ Ahmet Fethi 
Published: June 2022

Özet:	Muhasebe meslek mensuplarının muhasebe meslek etiğine dikkat etmeyip sundukları yanlış ve yanıltıcı muhasebe bilgileri sonucunda ortaya çıkan muhasebe skandallarının ilgili tarafları ve dolayısıyla tüm toplumu olumsuz manada etkilediği görülmüştür. Bu nedenle yapılan çalışmalarda muhasebe mesleğinde teknik bilgi ve uzmanlığın tek başına yeterli olmadığı, ayrıca konunun etik boyutunun teknik yönünden daha önemli olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Bu çalışmada muhasebe meslek mensuplarının meslek etiği hakkındaki algı ve tutumları incelemiştir. Bunların yanında etik dışı davranışları caydıran faktörleri ve temel etik ilkelerin önem derecesine göre sıralamaları çalışmanın diğer bir amacını oluşturmuştur. Böylece TRB1 Bölgesi’nde faaliyet gösteren bağımsız muhasebe meslek mensuplarıyla yüz yüze anket uygulamalı bir araştırma yapılmıştır. Yapılan araştırma sonuçlarına göre; i) etik ilkelerin sıralanmasında “Dürüstlük” ilkesi ilk sırada yerini alarak diğer ilkelere göre daha önemli bulunmuş, ii) meslek etiği algılarında X̄=3,68 gibi bir ortalama bulunmuş, iii) mesleki etik ilke ve kurallara uymalarında etkili olan faktörlerin başında “mesleki eğitim ve deneyim”in geldiği görülmüştür. Ayrıca meslek mensuplarının meslek etiğine yönelik algılarında temel etik ilkelerin bazıları ile cinsiyet, etik eğitimi, eğitim düzeyi, mükellef sayısı mesleğin geleceği ve personel sayısı değişkenleri arasında anlamlı bir farklılığın olduğu; mesleki unvan, yaş, mesleki tecrübe, gelir düzeyi ve iller değişkenleri arasında ise anlamlı bir farklılığın olmadığı tespit edilmiştir.
Utilização do Oléo de Girassol Ozonizado no Tratamento Tópico de Ferida por Farmacodermia em Cão: Relato de Caso
Authors: Cabral de Souza Rafaela , Conceição Melhor Ariane , Caroline de Andrade Oliveira Marilia , Pinto dos Santos Veloso Mateus , Gonçalves Dias Rafaela Andréa , Oliveira de Araújo Barreto Cinthia , Carneiro de Araújo Machado Marília 
Published: June 2022

A farmacodermia é uma reação de hipersensibilidade observada em pele, mucosas e anexos, após utilização de algum fármaco. É uma afecção de pouca ocorrência em cães, geralmente observada após a administração de medicamentos por qualquer via. Em casos de apresentações clínicas mais graves, deve ser realizado o tratamento de suporte, por meio da administração de eletrólitos, antibioticoterapia, medicações para controle da dor e aplicação de soluções antissépticas nas lesões. O gás ozônio (O3), por sua vez, é um dos agentes amplamente utilizados para tratamento de feridas, o qual atua como agente terapêutico no tratamento de diversas doenças. É considerado economicamente acessível, de baixo risco, que pode ser aplicado como método complementar, aditivo ou restaurativo. O presente relato descreveu a utilização do óleo de girassol ozonizado como tratamento tópico único de ferida ocasionada por farmacodermia em cadela, após uso de cefalexina. O tratamento instituído foi eficaz e com melhora satisfatória dos sinais clínicos apresentados. Houve progressiva redução da extensão e profundidade das lesões, com granulação tecidual e reepitelização, além da ausência dos focos infecionados.

Palavras-chave: Cicatrização. Ozonioterapia. Toxidermia.

Abstract
Pharmacoderma is a hypersensitivity reaction observed in the skin, mucous membranes and attachments, after the use of a drug. It is a condition of little occurrence in dogs, usually observed after the administration of medications by any route. In cases of more severe clinical
presentations, supportive treatment should be performed, through the administration of electrolytes, antibiotic therapy, medications for pain control and application of antiseptic solutions to the lesions. Ozone gas (O3), in turn, is one of the agents widely used for wound care. O3 acts as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of various diseases. It is considered economically accessible, of low risk, which can be applied as a complementary, additive or restorative method. The present report describes the use of ozonated sunflower oil as a single topical treatment of a wound caused by pharmacoderma in a dog, after the use of cephalexin. The treatment instituted was effective and with satisfactory improvement of the clinical signs presented. Progressive reduction in the extension and depth of the solutions, with tissue granulation and re-epithelialization, in addition to the absence of infected.

Keywords: Healing. Ozone therapy. Toxidermy.
Toxoplasmose Ovina: Revisão de Literatura
Authors: Barros Magalhães de Lima Raisa , Lima Tomé Melo Andréia 
Published: June 2022

A ovinocultura é desenvolvida em diversas regiões do país e do mundo, formada por animais com capacidade de adaptação a condições ambientais adversas, e neste cenário, o Brasil se destaca por ser considerado o primeiro produtor de ovinos do Continente Americano, com um rebanho de aproximadamente 18 milhões de cabeças. Nesse contexto, diversas enfermidades infecciosas têm provocado grandes prejuízos, incluindo aquela causada pelo protozoário Toxoplasma gondii, que resulta em problemas reprodutivos e perdas econômicas na ovinocultura. O T. gondii é o agente etiológico da toxoplasmose, uma importante zoonose, com distribuição cosmopolita e de grande interesse em saúde pública. Trata-se de um agente que pode provocar sérios danos aos fetos, pela transmissão vertical tanto em humanos quanto nos animais podendo causar abortamento ou infecção congênita em seus hospedeiros intermediários, tendo os felídeos como os únicos hospedeiros definitivos. Este artigo foi elaborado por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica, com o objetivo de abordar acerca da toxoplasmose ovina. Diversos trabalhos têm demonstrado a detecção do parasito em carnes destinadas ao abate, sendo muito relevante em âmbito de saúde pública, pois é uma fonte de infecção para os humanos caso não seja realizado o cozimento destes alimentos de maneira eficiente. Por isso, é essencial que sejam estabelecidas medidas sanitárias nas criações de ovinos como forma de prevenir a propagação da doença.

Palavras-chave: Protozoário. Ovinocultura. Abortamento.

Abstract
Sheep farming is developed in several regions of the country and the world, made up of animals with the ability to adapt to adverse environmental conditions, and in this scenario, Brazil stands out for being considered the first sheep producer on the American continent, with a herd of approximately 18 million heads. In this context, several infectious diseases have caused great damage, including that caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii, which results in reproductive problems and significant economic losses in sheep farming. T. gondii is the etiologic agent of toxoplasmosis, an important zoonosis, with cosmopolitan distribution and great interest in public health. It is an agent that can cause serious damage to fetuses, due to vertical transmission in both humans and animals, causing abortion or congenital infection in their intermediate hosts, and the felids are the only definitive hosts. This article was elaborated through bibliographical research, with the objective of approaching the one about sheep toxoplasmosis. Several studies have demonstrated the parasite detection in meat intended for slaughter, which is very relevant in terms of public health, as it is a source of infection for humans if these foods are not cooked efficiently. Therefore, it is essential to establish sanitary measures in sheep farming as a way to prevent the spread of the disease.

Keywords: Protozoa. Sheep farming. Abortion.
Anterior capsule sparing parsplana lensectomy in cataract with severely compromised corneal endothelium
Authors: Ganekal Sunil , Ganekal Varun 
Published: June 2022

To evaluate the results of parsplana lensectomy in the management of cataract with severely compromised or abnormal corneal endothelium. Retrospective interventional case study comprised 22 patients (9 women, 13 men; 22 eyes) with severely abnormal corneal endothelium ut still had transparent cornea. Of which 14 had history of penetrating keratoplasty, 6 had history of trabeculectomy and 2 were diagnosed with Fuch’s endothelial dystrophy. Postoperative est corrected visual acuity (BCVA), mean density of corneal endothelial cell and other complications were analyzed. Mean follow-up period was 17.2 months (ranging from 6 to 31 months). Postoperative BCVA were found to be 6/60 or below in 2 patients, 6/60-6/18 in 7 patients and 6/18-6/12 in 7 patients and 6/12 or better in 6 patients. BCVA improved in all patients after surgery, except in one patient with Fuch’s endothelial dystrophy BCVA turned worse again about five months after surgery and eventually patient developed bullous keratopathy. The mean density of corneal endothelial cells was 1018± 84/ mm (range 844/ mm to 1176/ mm) before operation and 981±93/ mm (range 853 to 1211/ mm) after operation. No significant difference in the density of corneal endothelial cells was found among the patients before and after operation (P=0.43).Pars plana lensectomy is able to decrease surgically-induced corneal endothelial damage and is safe in the management of cataract with severely compromised corneal endothelium.
Detection of macular findings in highly myopic eyes with OCT and to correlate it to various visual parameters
Authors: Gumber Bhanvi , Neiniwal Sanjeev K , Harsolia Ramswaroop 
Published: June 2022

: High myopia is when axial length is more than &#62;26 mm and refractive error of atleast 6.00 diopters (D). The definition of pathologic myopia in early studies was not consistent. It revolved around a combination of refractive error and axial length, which simply suggests high myopia. To study the pathological findings in subjects with high axial myopia and their relationship with other visual parameters. In this crosssectional analytical study, 200 eyes from 100 patients were studied. Fundus was evaluated with indirect ophthalmoscope. After pupillary dilatation, multiple OCT scans were performed across the macula area centering the fovea with the help of SD-OCT SD OCT revealed that 46% had normal appearance. Among pathological findings, most common was CNV (10%). Other findings were lamellar macular hole (7%), full thickness macu lar hole (7%), retinal detachment (3%), epiretinal membrane (3%), traction maculopathy (4%), PVD (8%), dome shaped macula (8%)and posterior staphyloma (4%). Fifty four percent eyes had one or more fundus changes observed by bio-microscopy. Most common findings were lattice degeneration (33.33%) and WWP & WWOP (25%). Other findings were posterior staphyloma (7.41%), retinal detachment (5.51%), Chorioretinal degeneration (11.11%), macular hole (8.3%), PVD (3.70%), Retinal hole (0.92%), maculopathy (0.97%) and CNV (3.70%). : OCT can be done in a healthy high myopic population and in symptomatic myopic population who complains of worsening of visual function to look for epiretinal and/or vitreoretinal traction and related macular damage.
Clinico-epidemiological profile of patients presenting to tertiary eye care hospital in south India for blindness certificate – A prospective observational study
Authors: Kumar Niranjan Karthik Senthil , Geetha P  , Santha G Sai , Gnanaoli M  
Published: June 2022

To evaluate and analyze the causes of visual impairment, handicap, and blindness in a tertiary eye hospital among patients applying blindness certificates in Chennai. Applications for blindness certificates were analyzed over two years (2019-2021). The main cause of blindness, visual handicap, and visual impairment in these applications was ascertained by age group and etiology. Visual impairment disability percentages and definitions proposed by the Government of India [category 0-4, 20-100%] were used to categorize and give a percentage to all applicants. Results were compared with data from studies on blindness certificates and population-based studies. A total of 118 applications were reviewed. The mean age was 23.5±7.9 (range 12 to 65 years). The most common causes of blindness were retinitis pigmentosa and optic atrophy. In the age group 0-15 years, phthisis bulbi followed by microphthalmos were found to be the most common cause of blindness. Among the 15-30 years age group, macular pathology was the most common cause of visual blindness. Between 30-40 years of age group Retinitis pigmentosa is most common. Above 40-60 years of age, optic atrophy and glaucoma were the most common cause of blindness. Data from applications for blindness certificates provide valuable information regarding different causes of visual blindness provide an insight into the overall trends in disease profile and service delivery.
A case report of bilateral, symmetrical intermediate uveitis in a post COVID 19 Indian patient
Authors: Barne S Swati , Devika S Joshi , Nikhil N Beke 
Published: June 2022

Many ocular manifestations such as conjunctival congestion and central retinal artery occlusion were noticed in covid and post-covid patients, ut a case of bilateral symmetrical intermediate uveitis in post covid patient has been very rarely reported till date. A 62-year old hypertensive female who suffered from COVID 19 illness complained of diminution of vision for both distance and near along with complaints of floaters in both the eyes three months after covid recovery. After carrying out detailed systemic and ophthalmic evaluation, she was diagnosed with bilateral symmetrical intermediate uveitis which responded very well to tapering doses of oral and topical steroids. Early diagnosis and intervention is very essential to treat a y ocular symptoms in post-covid patients to regain normal visual acuity.This is a very rare case of bilateral symmetrical intermediate uveitis in post-covid Indian patient which is responsive systemic and topical steroids.
Explaining the Health-Related Factors Affecting the Institutionalization of Sports in Iranian Families
Authors: Kargar Abolfazl , Nazari Rasool , Salimi Mehdi 
Published: June 2022

Introduction: The family is the first social institution and sport as a social phenomenon can be institutionalized in the shadow of this small unit. This study aims to explain the health-related factors affecting the institutionalization of sports in Iranian families.
Methods: The present study seeks to discover the main and sub-main categories with interpretive paradigm and inductive logic with a qualitative approach. The interview used 7 open-ended and semi-structured questions for data collection tools. Experts participating in the study were selected by purposive and snowball sampling and the criterion for selecting experts was to have knowledge and awareness of the literature and the development of health-oriented sports in families. Immediately after each interview, data transcription and extraction were performed simultaneously. Finally, by reviewing the interviews, 21 categories were theoretically saturated in the interview and continued until interview 23. The data were analyzed by content analysis method and coding method.
Results: In this study, 165 primary extracted codes in the form of 41 sub-main categories and 11 main categories were categorized. They included sports policy, financial support, infrastructure factors, prevention and health, women's sports development, civic sports, educational sports development, cultural attitude, health technology, enacting supportive and incentive laws, and management and planning.
Conclusions: The results will help the country sport policy makers in order to establish a culture of prevention and maintain the physical and mental health of families. By national planning, sustainable development will be achieved in order to have healthy and effective people.
The Role of Social Happiness and Vitality in the General Health of Teachers in Yazd
Authors: Khodayarian Mahsa , Khaleghi Moori Mahdiyeh , Mazloomy Mahmoodabad Seyed Saeed , Seyed Khameshi Somayeh Sadat , Yoshany Nooshin 
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Social happiness and vitality is one of the basic concepts and components of people's lives, especially for teachers, which is closely related to their public health. Therefore, the present study aims to determine the role of social happiness and vitality in the general health of teachers in Yazd.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 250 junior high school and high school teachers in Yazd participated using cluster sampling. General Health, Oxford Happiness, and Social Vitality questionnaires were utilized for data collection. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 23. Descriptive and analytical statistics, including Pearson correlation coefficient, regression analysis, analysis of variance and t-test were used to determine the predictors of variables. The significance level was considered less than 0.05.
Results: The mean age of participants was 5.46± 31 years. The mean total health score was 56.12 ± 1.18. Among the health dimensions, the highest mean score was related to social health 15.35 ± 2.25. The mean scores of happiness and social vitality were 44.58 ± 1.57 and 66.01 ±5.57, respectively. There was a direct and significant relationship between social vitality, happiness, and general health (p = 0.00). There was also a direct and significant correlation between social vitality and happiness (p <0.001).
Conclusion: Considering the effect of social happiness and vitality on teachers' health, it is suggested that happy lifestyle classes be included in the programs of the Ministry of Education for teachers in the form of in-service courses and recreational camps.