bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fully Fuzzy Linear Programming with Fuzzy Input Output Model: An Application for Turkish Economy
Authors: SEL Ahmet 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
All sectoral relations in an economy are examinable within the scope of input-output analysis. It is a hard task to create new input and output tables every year. Therefore, new input-output tables are accessible obtained for the relevant years by using update methods. Yet, the values in the new tables are not all exact results, and there are also uncertain situations involving predicted values. In this case, fuzzy numbers are applicable in input and output tables to evaluate uncertain situations. This study demonstrates, a new solution of fully fuzzy linear programming that has an integrability into fuzzy input output models. The developed model is based on the principle of decomposition of fuzzy input-output model. Using fuzzy numbers in coefficients, constraints and solutions enables the uncertain processes to be included in the model. The application example is the fuzzy input-output table for the Turkish economy and the fully fuzzy linear programming model that will maximize the Gross value added. The solution values of the developed model show that it yields appropriate results in evaluating the whole process in economy.Jel Codes: C44, C67, E2
Super-resolution microscopy enabled by high-efficiency surface-migration emission depletion
Authors: Pu Rui , Zhan Qiuqiang , Peng Xingyun , Liu Siying , Guo Xin , Liang Liangliang , Qin Xian , Zhao Ziqing , Liu Xiaogang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Nonlinear depletion of fluorescence states by stimulated emission constitutes the basis of far-field stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy1,2. Despite significant efforts over the past decade, achieving resolution below the diffraction limit at low saturation intensities by STED remains a major technical challenge3,4. By taking advantage of the surface quenching effect in NaGdF4:Yb/Tm nanocrystals, we report here high-efficiency emission depletion through nanocrystal surface migration. Under a dual-beam, continuous-wave, laser manipulation (975-nm excitation and 730-nm de-excitation), we achieved an emission depletion efficiency of over 95% and a depletion saturation intensity of 18.3 kW cm-2. Emission depletion by surface migration through Gd sublattices enables super-resolution microscopic imaging with an average lateral resolution of 20 nm and a Fourier ring correlation (FRC) resolution of 24-32 nm (depletion beam intensity, 1.09 MW cm-2). Our approach circumvents the fundamental limitation of high-intensity STED microscopy, providing autofluorescence-free, re-excitation-background-free imaging with a depletion saturation intensity over three orders of magnitude lower than conventional fluorophores. We also demonstrated super-resolution imaging of actin filaments of fixed Hela cells labelled with 8-nm Tm3+-activated nanoparticles. Combined with the outstanding photostability of lanthanide luminescence, surface migration emission depletion could provide a powerful mechanism for low-power, super-resolution imaging or tracking of biological dynamics without photobleaching.
Patient characteristics and dispatch responses of urinary tract infections in a prehospital setting in Copenhagen, Denmark: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Verhoeven Jeske , Christensen Helle Collatz , Blomberg Stig Nikolaj , Scholz Mirjam , Böbel Simone , Krafft Thomas 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is particularly common in young women and the elderly. The Emergency Medical Services (EMS) in Copenhagen, Denmark can be reached by calling either of two dedicated telephone lines: 1-1-2 in case of an emergency and 1813 during general practitioner’s (GP) out-of-office hours (OOH). This study investigated characteristics of patients with symptoms of UTI calling the Copenhagen EMS and the response they received. Methods: A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted in which 7.5 years of telephone data on UTI from the EMS in Copenhagen were analyzed. Descriptive statistics and multinomial logistic regression were used to analyze patient characteristics, the timing of the incident and response. Patients’ age and gender were assessed and the use of urinary catheters, the timing of the incident, and the impact on the response were evaluated. Results: A total of 278.961 calls were included (78% female, mean age 47), with an average of 120 patients with UTI symptoms calling each day. Most people contacted the 1813-medical helpline (98%) and of those, the majority were referred to the emergency department (ED)(37%). Patients were more likely to be referred to the ED during the weekend compared to a weekday and less likely during OOH compared to in-office hours (IH). Patients with a urinary catheter were more likely to receive specialized care referred to as ‘other’. For the smaller proportion of patients calling 1-1-2, most people got a B (urgent) response (1.5%). The most likely response to be given was an A (emergency) or F (non-emergency) response during OOH compared to IH and on weekends compared to weekdays. Patients with a urinary catheter were more likely to receive a D (unmonitored transport) response. Conclusions: Since 2015, there was an increase in calls made to 1-1-2 and a decrease in 1813 antibiotic prescription rates and a subsequent increase in referral to the ED of UTI patients. Patients were referred less to the ED during OOH as they were likely to be sent to their GP the next day. During the weekend, patients were referred more to the ED for the likely reason that their GP is closed.
Inflammatory Manifestation of Middle Cerebral Artery Atherosclerotic Plaque Enhancement on High-resolution Vessel Wall MRI
Authors: Wu Xiao , Huang LiXin , Lu Li-Ming , Luo Bin , Cai Wang-Qing , Wang Sheng-Wen 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background and purpose: Gadolinium enhancement on high-resolution vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging (HR-VWI) is a marker of instability in intracranial atherosclerotic plaques. This study aims to evaluate the role of hematological inflammatory indicators (the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio [NLR], the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio [LMR], and systemic immune inflammation index [SII]) in predicting middle cerebral artery (MCA) atherosclerotic plaque enhancement.Methods: Adult patients diagnosed with MCA atherosclerotic stenosis from August 2018 to October 2021 were recruited retrospectively. Clinical and laboratory data, including neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, and platelet counts, were collected, and then the NLR, LMR, and SII were calculated. The hematological inflammatory indicators were compared in MCA atherosclerotic stenosis patients with and without plaque enhancement. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the factors that can predict MCA atherosclerotic plaque enhancement. We also used receiver operating characteristic curve analysis to assess the discriminative ability of inflammatory indicators in predicting plaque enhancement.Results: Forty-two patients (mean age 57.3 ± 9.5 and 66.7% male) were included. A higher NLR (P = 0.001) and SII (P = 0.017) and a lower LMR (P < 0.001) were significantly associated with MCA plaque enhancement. The cutoff value of the admission LMR that best-discriminated plaque enhancement was 4.0 (72.2% sensitivity and 87.5% specificity) on the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The NLR, LMR, and plaque enhancement were significantly associated with symptomatic MCA stenosis, and the multiple logistic regression analysis showed that only plaque enhancement was an independent risk factor for symptomatic MCA stenosis.Conclusion: There was a significant correlation between plaque enhancement and hematological inflammatory indicators. The LMR was an independent risk factor for MCA atherosclerotic plaque enhancement, and an LMR ≤ 4.0 may predict plaque enhancement.
IL4-dependent M2 macrophage mediates fibrotic scar formation and functional restoration via Sonic Hedgehog/TGFβ1 axis in the early stage of cerebral ischemia in rats
Authors: Huang Jiagui , Ren Jiangxia , Chen Yue , Tian Mingfen , Zhou Li , Wen Jun , Song Xiaosong , Wu Youlin , Yang Qinghuan , Jiang Peiran , Wang Jiani , Yang Qin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Fibrotic scar of the central nervous system (CNS) has dual roles for inhibiting axon regeneration and promoting repair. However, it is poorly understood for formed and regulated mechanisms. M2 macrophages regulate fibrotic scar formation after heart, lung, kidney, and CNS injury, but the regulated mechanisms are unclear. Interleukin 4 (IL4) plays a decisive role for M2 macrophage polarization. Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signaling can regulate fibrosis of central and peripheral tissues. Therefore, we hypothesized that IL4-dependent M2 macrophage regulated fibrotic scar formation and functional restoration via Shh/TGFβ1 axis in the early stage of cerebral ischemia in rats. Methods: Rats after middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) were injected with drugs and adenovirus vectors by intracerebroventricular injection. Invasive macrophages, fibrotic scar, Shh signaling, neovascularization, and cell apoptosis were then detected. Cultured macrophages were treated with drugs and adenovirus vectors, and evaluated the underlying mechanism using western blot and immunofluorescence. We also examined the effects of macrophage conditioned medium on the functions of fibroblasts.Results: We found that cerebral ischemia induced persistent fibrosis and massive macrophages infiltration in the ischemic core in rats. Moreover, numbers of infiltrated macrophages were a robust positive correlation with fibronectin (FN) expression. Depletion of circulating monocyte-derived macrophages by clodronate liposomal attenuated fibrotic scar. Further, IL4 was strongly enhanced in the ischemic cerebral tissues and IL4-dependant M2 macrophages polarization was susceptible to fibrotic scar formation in the ischemic core in rats. At the same time, macrophage conditioned medium could directly promote fibroblast proliferation as well as extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins generation in vitro. Using pharmacological and genetic approaches, we showed that Shh protein, secreted by M2 macrophage, promoted fibrogenesis in vitro and in vivo, which was mediated by secreting key fibrosis-associated regulatory proteins TGFβ1 and MMP9. At the same time, IL4-afforded functional restoration on angiogenesis, cell apoptosis and infarct volume in the ischemic core from MCAO/R rats were markedly impaired by the Shh signaling inhibitor, and parallel with the extent of fibrosis. Conclusions: We identified that IL4-dependent M2 macrophage regulated fibrotic scar formation via Shh/TGFβ1 axis, thereby enhancing angiogenesis and reducing ischemic injury.
A tuff interlayer in deep potash-bearing salt rocks and its implication for potash mineralization in the Simao Basin, southwestern China
Authors: Miao Zhong-ying , Zheng Mian-ping , Lou Peng-cheng , Wang Dong , Xu Qi-hui , Xu Jian-ming 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The lithology and genesis of a dark gray clastic interlayer firstly and only encountered within the deepest potassium-rich salt body in the Simao Basin, southwestern China, were analyzed with SEM and ICP-MS. The petrology, mineralogy, element geochemistry analyses of the layer reveal that: 1) the layer contains crystal fragments with irregular cracks, angular volcanic glasses as well as quartz crystals with gulf corrosion edge and explosion cracks. 2) The main mineral components are chlorite, illite, biotite, quartz, crystal fragments, glass shard, anhydrite, gypsum, magnesite, pyrite, molybdenite, clinopyroxene, and zircon. 3) The rare earth element patterns, Zr/TiO2 and Nb/Y diagrams as well as boron content, all indicate a volcanic origin of the layer. Based on these observations, the layer is suggested to be an altered tuff associated with variety of volcanic fragments dominated by chlorite and formed after alteration of a parent tuff in an alkaline, salty, and low-temperature water body. The discovery of the layer not only indicates that the potash-bearing salt rocks could have taken in volcanic materials during these volcanic activities, but also provides a possibility of reliable zircon U-Pb dating for the absolute age of the host rock, which is vital for the genetic mechanism study of this deeply buried salt body. Furthermore, the layer may carry with it valuable information of volcanic and tectonic activities triggered by the closure of Meso-Tethys.
Voxelwise structural equation modeling: Which model explains cognitive change in the ageing brain?
Authors: Koten Jan Willem , Koschutnig Karl , Wood Guilherme 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this diffusion tension imaging study, voxel wise structural equation modeling was used to unravel the relation between white matter, cognition, and age. In total four models were tested but only two models survived the testing procedure. The independent factor model predicts that there is no relation between white matter and cognition although both systems are affected by age. The cognitive mediation model predicts that the relation between age and white matter is mediated through cognition. Roughly 60 percent of the observed voxels were in agreement with the independent factor model while 16 percent of the observed voxels were in agreement with the cognitive mediation model.
Title of the paper: Panobinostat (LBH589) increase survival in adult xenografic model of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia with t(4;11) but promotes antagonistic effects in combination with MTX and 6MP
Authors: Moreno Daniel Antunes , Junior Howard Lopes Ribeiro , Laranjeira Angelo Brunelli Albertoni , Cruzeiro Gustavo Alencastro Veiga , Borges Kleiton Silva , Salomão Karina Bezerra , Ramalho Fernando Silva , Yunes José Andres , Silva Cleide Lúcia Araújo , Rego Eduardo Magalhães , Scrideli Carlos Alberto , Tone Luiz Gonzaga 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Patients diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) bearing t(4;11)/MLL-AF4 have aggressive clinical features, poor prognosis and there’s an urgent need for new therapies to improve outcomes. Panobinostat (LBH589) has been identified as a potential therapeutic agent for ALL with t(4;11) and studies suggest that the antineoplastic effects is associated with reduced MLL-AF4 fusion protein and reduced expression of HOX genes. Here, we evaluated the in vitro effects of the combination of LBH589 with methotrexate (MTX) or 6-mercaptopurine (6MP) by cell proliferation assays and Calcusyn software in ALL cell line (RS4;11); the in vivo effects of LBH589 in xenotransplanted NOD-scid IL2Rgammanull mice meansuring human lymphoblasts by flow cytometry; and the expression of HOX genes by qPCR after treatment in an adult model of ALL with t(4;11). LBH589 combination with MTX or 6MP did not promote synergistic effects in RS4;11 cell line. LBH589 treatment leads to increased overall survival and reduction of blasts in xenotransplanted mice but caused no significant changes in HOXA7, HOXA9, HOXA10, and MEIS1 expression. The LBH589, alone, showed promising antineoplastic effects in vivo and may represent a potential agent for chemotherapy in ALL patients with t(4;11).
Practical examining performance of the FDM 3D printed parts
Authors: Baraheni Mohammad , Shabgard Mohammad Reza , Tabatabaee Ali Mahdavi , Adhami Amir Hossein 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) is a 3D-printing technique that is used for prototyping. Because of FDM application in various industries such as medical instruments and aerospace, the produced part surface quality, dimensional accuracy and mechanical properties are brought to attention in recent years. Optimizing the process parameters helps to enhance the mentioned products properties. In this paper, influential process parameters including print speed, infill percentage and nozzle temperature were selected to examine. That was concluded nozzle temperature and infill percentage increasing and print speed decreasing enhance dimensional accuracy. Density of the FDM part was affected mostly by infill percentage. Desirability method was used in order to conduct optimization. That was resulted nozzle temperature of 240°C, infill percentage of 50% and print speed of 54 mm/min are the optimum parameters. Besides, verification tests were carried out and maximum error of 7.5% were reported which shows the optimization confidence. In the following, part geometry influence on the final part surface roughness and dimensional accuracy was examined. The experiments demonstrated cube geometry has the least surface roughness and dimensional error that was due to independent motion of the axes. Also cone geometry has the highest dimensional error and surface roughness which was due to simultaneous axes motion and lateral face with lower than 90°.
Long-term upland-paddy rotation effect on the soil C and N stocks in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River
Authors: Wang Mengjia , Feng Xiangqian , Ma Hengyu , Chu Guang , Xu Chunmei , Liu Yuanhui , Zhang Xiufu , Wang Danying , Chen Song 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Observations of the effects of long-term paddy-upland rotations on soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) stocks are scarce. This experiment used four paddy-upland rotation systems with summer rice as the main crop: rice-winter fallow (RF), rice-potato with rice straw mulch and return (RP), rice-wheat (RW), and rice-Chinese milk vetch (RC) with the return of winter crop residues (from 2003 to the present) to examine the soil C and N stock characteristics in the 0–50 cm soil layer. The results showed that in the topsoil at 50 cm, compared to RF, both RP and RC increased the soil organic carbon (SOC) stock by 19.67% and 15.29%, the total nitrogen (TN) stock by 20.40% and 18.54%, and the available nitrogen (AN) density by 61.54% and 34.44%, respectively; in particular, the increases in the TN and AN at 20–30 cm were likely to increase the rice yield. RW increased only the AN density by 30.24% compared with RF. Furthermore, the highest SOC, TN, and AN densities were all observed in RP. Except for TN at 30–40 cm, the densities of SOC, TN, and AN in RP were slightly greater than those in the other treatments due to the high C and N concentrations at 0–40 cm; thus rice-potato with rice straw mulch was the best choice for increasing soil C and N accumulation and improving rice yield. In addition, SOC, TN, and AN had obvious stratification and surface aggregation characteristics at 0–50 cm, and 72.17%–83.37% of the total SOC stock, 75.70%–80.48% of the total TN stock and 75.69%–81.08% of the total AN density were concentrated in the top 30 cm. However, the characteristics were dependent on the residues.
Research on non-destructive testing of hotpot oil quality by Fluorescence Hyperspectral Technology combined with machine learning
Authors: Zou Zhiyong , Wu Qingsong , Wang Jian , Xu lijia , Zhou Man , Lu Zhiwei , He Yong , Wang Yuchao , Liu Bi , Zhao Yongpeng , Zhao Yongpeng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Eating repeatedly used hotpot oil will cause serious harm to human health. In order to realize rapid non-destructive testing of hotpot oil quality, a modeling experiment method of fluorescence hyperspectral technology combined with machine learning algorithm was proposed. Five preprocessing algorithms are used to preprocess the original spectral data, which realizes data denoising and reduces the influence of baseline drift and tilt. The characteristic bands extracted from the spectral data show that the best characteristic bands for the two-classification model and the six-classification model are concentrated between 469–962 nm and 534–809 nm, respectively. Using the PCA algorithm to visualize the spectral data, the results show the distribution of the six types of samples intuitively, and indicate that the data can be classified. Based on the modeling analysis of the characteristic bands, the results show that the best two-classification models and the best six-classification models are MF-RF-RF and MF-XGBoost-LGB models, respectively, and the classification accuracy reaches 100%. Compared with the traditional model, the error is greatly reduced, and the calculation time is also saved. This study confirms that the use of fluorescence hyperspectral technology combined with machine learning algorithms provides a new theory and method for hotpot oil quality detection.
A placenta-on-a-chip model to determine the regulation of FKBPL and galectin-3 in preeclampsia
Authors: Ghorbanpour Masoumeh , Richards Claire , Pienaar Dillan , Sesperez Kimberly , Es.c Hamidreza Aboulkheyr , Nikolic Valentina , Orlic Natasa Karadzov , Mikovic Zeljko , Stefanovic Milan , Cakic Zoran , Alqudah Abdelrahim , Cole Louise , Gorrie Catherine , McGrath Kristine , Kavurma Mary M. , Warkianib Majid Ebrahimi , McClements Lana 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific cardiovascular disorder and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in pregnancy. Although inappropriate placental development and growth are recognized as root causes of preeclampsia, pathogenic mechanisms are poorly understood due to limited models of the disease, particularly in early pregnancy. Here, we first confirm the aberrant expression of important vascular and inflammatory proteins, FK506-binding protein like (FKBPL) and galectin-3 (Gal-3), in human plasma and placental tissue from women with/without preeclampsia. We then employ a 3D microfluidic placental model incorporating human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and a first trimester trophoblast cell line (ACH-3P) to investigate FKBPL and Gal-3 signalling in inflammatory conditions. In human samples, both circulating (n = 17 controls; n = 30 preeclampsia) and placental (n ≥ 6) FKBPL and Gal-3 levels were increased in preeclampsia compared to heathy controls (plasma: FKBPL, p < 0.0001; Gal-3, p < 0.01; placenta: FKBPL, p < 0.05; Gal-3, p < 0.01), indicative of vascular dysfunction in preeclampsia. In our placenta-on-a-chip model, we show that endothelial cells are critical for trophoblast-mediated migration and that trophoblasts effectively remodel the vasculature recapitulating placental development. Inflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor-α (10ng/ml) modulates both FKBPL and Gal-3 signalling in conjunction with trophoblast migration and impairs vasculature (p < 0.005). Our placenta-on-a-chip recapitulates aspects of aberrant placentation in preeclampsia and represents a promising platform for further placental research.