bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microwave Properties of 2D CMOS Compatible Co‐Planar Waveguides Made from Phosphorus Dopant Monolayers in Silicon
Authors: Chapman Gemma , Votsi Haris , Stock Taylor J. Z. , Clowes Steven K. , Curson Neil J. , Aaen Peter H. , Murdin Ben N. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLow‐dimensional microwave interconnects have important applications for nanoscale electronics, from complementary metal–oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS) to silicon quantum technologies. Graphene is naturally nanoscale and has already demonstrated attractive electronic properties, however its application to electronics is limited by available fabrication techniques and CMOS incompatibility. Here, the characteristics of transmission lines made from silicon doped with phosphorus are investigated using phosphine monolayer doping. S‐parameter measurements are performed between 4–26 GHz from room temperature down to 4.5 K. At 20 GHz, the measured monolayer transmission line characteristics consist of an attenuation constant of 40 dB mm−1and a characteristic impedance of 600 Ω. The results indicate that Si:P monolayers are a viable candidate for microwave transmission and that they have a.c. properties similar to graphene, with the additional benefit of extremely precise, reliable, stable, and inherently CMOS compatible fabrication.
Significantly Enhanced Power Generation from Extremely Low‐Intensity Magnetic Field via a Clamped‐Clamped Magneto‐Mechano‐Electric Generator
Authors: Chu Zhaoqiang , Sun Zechen , Wang Bo , Song Kaixin , Wang Jiazeng , Gao Junqi , Dong Shuxiang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA magneto‐mechano‐electric (MME) generator that can harvest ambient magnetic noise plays a significant role in powering Internet of Things (IoT) sensor networks. However, it is still a challenge to capture sufficient energy and continuously drive IoT nodes from extremely low‐intensity magnetic noise below 1 Oe. To circumvent the close dependence of the resonant frequency on the magnetic proof mass in conventional MME generators, a new clamped‐clamped (C‐C) MME generator is proposed, that allows a much heavier magnetic mass to be attached at the beam center. Under weak magnetic fields of 0.48 and 0.96 Oe at 50 Hz, optimized output powers of 370 and 970 μWRMS, respectively are achieved, which shows an enhancement of ≈120% over that of cantilevered MME generators. The underlying mechanics are theoretically revealed by comparing the lumped parameters with a cantilevered MME generator and by calculating their deflection gain. Finally, it is demonstrated that the harvested energy from the proposed C‐C MME generator from a 0.48 Oe magnetic field at 50 Hz is sufficient to continuously drive an IoT sensor without any additional intervals for recharging. It is believed that this work will open new possibilities for designing MME generators suitable for weak field energy harvesting.
Inverse Vulcanization of Norbornenylsilanes: Soluble Polymers with Controllable Molecular Properties via Siloxane Bonds
Authors: Scheiger Johannes M. , Hoffmann Maxi , Falkenstein Patricia , Wang Zhenwu , Rutschmann Mark , Scheiger Valentin W. , Grimm Alexander , Urbschat Klara , Sengpiel Tobias , Matysik Jörg , Wilhelm Manfred , Levkin Pavel A. , Theato Patrick 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe inverse vulcanization produces high sulfur content polymers from alkenes and elemental sulfur. Control over properties such as the molar mass or the solubility of polymers is not well established, and existing strategies lack predictability or require large variations of the composition. Systematic design principles are sought to allow for a targeted design of materials. Herein, we report on the inverse vulcanization of norbornenylsilanes (NBS), with a different number of hydrolysable groups at the silicon atom. Inverse vulcanization of mixtures of NBS followed by polycondensation yielded soluble high sulfur content copolymers (50 wt % S) with controllable weight average molar mass (MW), polydispersity (Đ), glass transition temperature (TG), or zero‐shear viscosity (η0). Polycondensation was conducted in the melt with HCl as a catalyst, abolishing the need for a solvent. Purification by precipitation afforded polymers with a greatly reduced amount of low molar mass species.
Studies on DNA binding, cleavage, molecular docking, antimicrobial and anticancer activities of Cr(III), Fe(III), Co(II) and Cu(II) complexes ofo‐vanillin and fluorobenzamine Schiff base ligand
Authors: Kavitha Bengi , Sravanthi Maddikayala , Saritha Reddy Pulimamidi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe ligand [2‐((2‐fluorophenylimino)methyl)‐6‐methoxyphenol] and its metal complexes [Cr(HL)2] (1), [Fe(HL)2] (2), [Co(HL)2] (3) and [Cu(HL)2] (4) are synthesized. Characterization of the complexes by sophisticated analytical techniques revealed the geometry around central metal ion to be octahedral for1,2and3complexes and complex4with square planar geometry. Kinetic parameters of the complexes were estimated by the Coats–Redfern method, and the complexes were found to be thermally stable. DNA binding affinity of these metal complexes was explored by means of fluorescence, UV–visible and viscosity studies, and the studies suggested intercalative mode.KbandKSVvalues were determined from the absorption and fluorescence studies for the synthesized complexes. Nuclease studies in the presence of H2O2were performed usingpUC19supercoiled DNA. Docking studies were done using human DNA topoisomerase‐I (DNA topo I) receptor protein. Biological studies revealed higher activity for complexes than the ligand, and in vitro antitumour studies showed that complexes3and4possess potential inhibitory efficiency with an IC50of 48.79 ± 0.7 and 39.74 ± 1.6 μg/ml, respectively. Molecular docking studies were carried out using Argus labs, and geometry optimization is performed. Molecular orbital calculations of the ligand and complexes are computed using the reasonably accurate parametric model PM3 method 16–19.
Catalytic activity of Ru‐N4 doped vacancy fullerenes (Ru‐N4‐C54 and Ru‐N4‐C64) for oxygen reduction and CO oxidation: A density functional theory investigation
Authors: Yang Siwei , Cheng Yaxuan , Liu Huiling , Huang Xuri 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this work, the catalytic activity of Ru‐N4 doped fullerenes (Ru‐N4‐C54 and Ru‐N4‐C64) for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and CO oxidation reaction (COOR) has been systematically investigated from thermodynamics and kinetics by density functional theory (DFT). For ORR, DFT results display that Ru‐N4‐C54 and Ru‐N4‐C64 have satisfactory catalytic behavior both thermodynamically and kinetically. The relative energy curves show that the entire four‐electron process of the most favorable ORR path on Ru‐N4‐C54 and Ru‐N4‐C64 are exothermic, and the activation energies of the rate‐limiting step are 0.60 and 0.40 eV, respectively, which are lower than the calculated value 0.79 eV for Pt (111). For COOR, DFT results reveal that Ru‐N4‐C64 has better catalytic property both thermodynamically and kinetically. The relative energy curve shows that the entire COOR process of the preferred Langmuir–Hinshelwood (LH) mechanism on Ru‐N4‐C64 is exothermic, and the activation energy of the rate‐limiting step is 0.93 eV. Therefore, two hopeful ORR catalysts (Ru‐N4‐C54 and Ru‐N4‐C64) with performance comparable to Pt (111) and one promising COOR catalyst (Ru‐N4‐C64) are identified.
Proliferation and differentiation of primary bovine myoblasts using Chlorella vulgaris extract for sustainable production of cultured meat
Authors: Okamoto Yuta , Haraguchi Yuji , Yoshida Azumi , Takahashi Hironobu , Yamanaka Kumiko , Sawamura Naoya , Asahi Toru , Shimizu Tatsuya 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRecently, cultured meat obtained from livestock‐derived cells is being considered as a sustainable food source that reduces the use of natural resources. This study aimed to show that nutrients extracted from Chlorella vulgaris were beneficial in the culture of primary bovine myoblasts (PBMs), a major cell source for cultured meat production. Nutrients (glucose, amino acids, and vitamins) present in the animal‐cell culture media were effectively recovered from C. vulgaris using acid hydrolysis treatment. On culture in nutrient‐free inorganic salt solution, cell death was induced in most PBMs after 6 days of cultivation. However, the addition of C. vulgaris extract (CVE) significantly improved PBM viability, which was comparable to the viability in conventional culture medium (Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium). Furthermore, by adding horse serum to induce differentiation, the formation of myotubes was confirmed when CVE were used. Together, the results showed that CVE could be used as an alternative to the conventional culture medium for PBMs. These findings will not only lower the environmental risks associated with the establishment of this eco‐friendly cell culture system, but also highlight microalgae as a potent nutrient source that can replace conventional grain‐dependent nutrient sources.
The Apparently Unreactive Substrate Facilitates the Electron Transfer for Dioxygen Activation in Rieske Dioxygenases
Authors: Csizi Katja‐Sophia , Eckert Lina , Brunken Christoph , Hofstetter Thomas B. , Reiher Markus 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRieske dioxygenases belong to the non‐heme iron family of oxygenases and catalyze important cis‐dihydroxylation as well as O‐/N‐dealkylation and oxidative cyclization reactions for a wide range of substrates. The lack of substrate coordination at the non‐heme ferrous iron center, however, makes it particularly challenging to delineate the role of the substrate for productive
activation. Here, we studied the role of the substrate in the key elementary reaction leading to
activation from a theoretical perspective by systematically considering (i) the 6‐coordinate to 5‐coordinate conversion of the non‐heme FeII upon abstraction of a water ligand, (ii) binding of
, and (iii) transfer of an electron from the Rieske cluster. We systematically evaluated the spin‐state‐dependent reaction energies and structural effects at the active site for all combinations of the three elementary processes in the presence and absence of substrate using naphthalene dioxygenase as a prototypical Rieske dioxygenase. We find that reaction energies for the generation of a coordination vacancy at the non‐heme Fe
center through thermoneutral H2O reorientation and exothermic
binding prior to Rieske cluster oxidation are largely insensitive to the presence of naphthalene and do not lead to formation of any of the known reactive Fe‐oxygen species. By contrast, the role of the substrate becomes evident after Rieske cluster oxidation and exclusively for the 6‐coordinate non‐heme Fe
sites in that the additional electron is found at the substrate instead of at the iron and oxygen atoms. Our results imply an allosteric control of the substrate on Rieske dioxygenase reactivity to happen prior to changes at the non‐heme Fe
in agreement with a strategy that avoids unproductive
activation.
Der Wasserstoffmotor – Chancen und Herausforderungen auf dem Weg zu einer dekarbonisierten Mobilität
Authors: Lott Patrick , Wagner Uwe , Koch Thomas , Deutschmann Olaf 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAuf dem Weg zu einer dekarbonisierten Mobilität kann der Wasserstoffmotor vor allem im Nutzfahrzeugsektor und auf der Langstrecke einen wertvollen Beitrag leisten. Durch die Verwendung von sauberem Wasserstoff als Brennstoff treten Stickoxide als praktisch einzig relevante Schadstoffemissionen auf, die durch motorische Maßnahmen gepaart mit einer Abgasreinigung im Abgasstrang minimiert werden können. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick zu den Einflüssen verschiedener Motorbetriebszustände auf die Emissionen eines Wasserstoffmotors und zeigt aktuelle und zukünftige Möglichkeiten einer effizienten Abgasnachbehandlung auf.
Impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on pediatric oncology providers globally: A mixed‐methods study
Authors: Sniderman Elizabeth R. , Graetz Dylan E. , Agulnik Asya , Ranadive Radhikesh , Vedaraju Yuvanesh , Chen Yichen , Devidas Meenakshi , Chantada Guillermo L. , Hessissen Laila , Dalvi Rashmi , Pritchard‐Jones Kathy , Rodriguez‐Galindo Carlos , Moreira Daniel C. 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) disrupted pediatric oncology care globally, increasing demands on health care providers (HCPs) who adapted to continue care. This study sought to characterize the pandemic's impact on pediatric oncology HCPs worldwide.MethodsA 60‐item survey focused on changes to clinical care, resources, and effects on clinicians. A diverse subgroup of institutions was purposefully selected for focus groups that explored teamwork, communication, and changes to care delivery.ResultsThe survey included 311 responses from 213 institutions representing 79 countries. Sixteen institutions participated in 19 multidisciplinary focus groups in 8 languages. Decreased clinical staff availability was cited by 51% of institutions as a major impact. Staffing modifications included decreased provider availability (66% of institutions), roles or responsibility changes, and transfer outside the specialty. Physical effects included frequent COVID‐19 illness; 8% of respondents reported HCP deaths. Fifty percent of providers did not have the necessary personal protective equipment. HCPs also experienced psychological distress and financial concerns. Findings indicated more frequent impact on nurses than other providers. Impacts were described across all hospital resource levels, with staffing modifications more frequent in countries with higher COVID‐19 incidence (P < .001) and mortality rate (P = .004). Focus groups revealed negative impacts were stabilized by increased teamwork, communication, contributions outside usual roles, policies aimed at optimizing safety, and feeling that they were contributing.ConclusionsCOVID‐19 had a profound impact on the pediatric oncology workforce, creating challenging modifications to staffing and resulting in physical, psychological, and financial distress. Despite these challenges, HCPs caring for children with cancer came together to continue to provide high‐quality care.
The visual communication impacts of Itten's color contrasts investigated and empirically tested as basic principles for use in art and design
Authors: Csillag Paula 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the visual communication impacts of Johannes Itten's widely disseminated color contrasts in the fields of art and design. Johannes Itten (1888–1967), former professor at Weimer Bauhaus, has made an unquestionable contribution to art and design with his color concepts, nonetheless, when reading his book, it is notable the lack of scientific and academic research underlying the concepts. Checking the visual communication impacts of Itten's seven color contrasts, specifically, is appropriate in a sense that these, with respective scientific background, may represent important basic color principles. In order to find foundation for the color contrasts, bibliography on perception and neuroscience was investigated. It was intended to distinguish color principles that tend to be common to all human beings, due to the nature and physiology of the human brain and eye, from other color principles which are not naturally common to all. An empirical study was conducted with a printed questionnaire as an analytical instrument. This questionnaire was developed in order to evaluate the subjects' perception on the visual communication impacts of each of Itten's color contrasts. This questionnaire was applied to 300 subjects, classified into different categories: age, gender, color blindness, and professional area. Analysis of these questionnaires comparing the subjects' categories offers inputs for the conclusion that the visual communication impacts tested using Itten's color contrasts are independent of age, gender, or professional area, thus tend to be considered as basic color principles for art and design.
Regularity of Free Boundary Minimal Surfaces in Locally Polyhedral Domains
Authors: Edelen Nick , Li Chao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe prove an Allard‐type regularity theorem for free‐boundary minimal surfaces in Lipschitz domains locally modeled on convex polyhedra. We show that if such a minimal surface is sufficiently close to an appropriate free‐boundary plane, then the surface is graphical over this plane. We apply our theorem to prove partial regularity results for free‐boundary minimizing hypersurfaces, and relative isoperimetric regions. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
A novel compensation power‐decoupling strategy for single‐phase three‐level flying capacitor PV micro‐inverters
Authors: Luo Xiao , Yu Feng , Ma Chencheng , Ding Leiqing , Peng Yong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe traditional power‐decoupling controller for single‐phase photovoltaic (PV) micro‐inverters suffers from complex control structure, complicated parameter design and poor stability. In this paper, a novel compensation power‐decoupling strategy is proposed for a single‐phase three‐level flying capacitor PV micro‐inverter. The proposed strategy is aimed at tackling the problem of unbalanced charging and discharging of the flying capacitor, and hence makes the micro‐inverter highly stable and reliable. First, the topology and operating principle of the studied micro‐inverter are discussed, followed by the mathematical models established. Afterwards, the state‐space equations of the micro‐inverter are established for all the operating states, of which two transition variables are introduced to realize a linear presentation. On this basis, a double closed‐loop control method is designed to regulate the DC‐link voltage and current. Meanwhile, the flying capacitor voltage is controlled in a closed‐loop form to do the job of a power pulsating buffer (PPB). Following this, the proposed compensation power‐decoupling strategy is elaborated. Finally, some experimental results are presented to indicate the high performance of the studied micro‐inverter and verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.
Earlier than expected introductions of the Bemisia tabaci B mitotype in Brazil reveal an unprecedented, rapid invasion history
Authors: Paredes‐Montero Jorge R. , Rizental Muriel , Quintela Eliane Dias , Abreu Aluana Gonçalves de , Brown Judith K. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDuring 1991, in Brazil, the presence of the exotic Bemisia tabaci B mitotype was reported in São Paulo state. However, the duration from the time of initial introduction to population upsurges is not known. To investigate whether the 1991 B mitotype outbreaks in Brazil originated in São Paulo or from migrating populations from neighboring introduction sites, country‐wide field samples of B. tabaci archived from 1989–2005 collections were subjected to analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mtCOI) and nuclear RNA‐binding protein 15 (RP‐15) sequences. The results of mtCOI sequence analysis identified all B. tabaci as the NAFME 8 haplotype of the B mitotype. Phylogenetic analyses of RP‐15 sequences revealed that the B mitotype was likely a hybrid between a B type parent related to a haplotype Ethiopian endemism (NAFME 1–3), and an unidentified parent from the North Africa‐Middle East (NAF‐ME) region. Results provide the first evidence that this widely invasive B mitotype has evolved from a previously undocumented hybridization event. Samples from Rio de Janeiro (1989) and Ceará state (1990), respectively, are the earliest known B mitotype records in Brazil. A simulated migration for the 1989 introduction predicted a dispersal rate of 200–500 km/year, indicating that the population was unlikely to have reached Ceará by 1990. Results implicated two independent introductions of the B mitotype in Brazil in 1989 and 1990, that together were predicted to have contributed to the complete invasion of Brazil in only 30 generations.
Plant and bird phenology and plant occurrence from 1851 to 2020 (non‐continuous) in Thoreau's Concord, Massachusetts
Authors: Ellwood Elizabeth R. , Gallinat Amanda S. , McDonough MacKenzie Caitlin , Miller Tara , Miller‐Rushing Abraham J. , Polgar Caroline , Primack Richard B. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractConcord, Massachusetts, USA has served as an active location for phenological observations since philosopher and naturalist Henry David Thoreau began recording plant and animal occurrence and phenology in 1851. Since that time, numerous naturalists, scientists, and researchers have continued this tradition, creating an invaluable time series of 758 species in a single location. In total, 13,441 phenological records, spanning 118 years, now exist, with observations of many species ongoing. Relative abundance data for an additional 200 plant species is also provided. Thoreau's published journals and records in Special Collections libraries at the Concord Free Public Library, Harvard University, Peabody Essex Museum, and Morgan Library and Museum provide insight into his methods of routinely walking around Walden Pond, through natural areas, and within the town of Concord, seeking the first leaf or flower on plants, seasonal observations of migratory birds, and fruit maturation times. Several amateur naturalists, and most recently the present research group, have followed this method of regularly searching Concord for the earliest signs of seasonal events, visiting many of the same locations including Walden Pond, the site made famous by Thoreau. While Thoreau's observations were initially made out of a curious desire to document the natural world, these data have led to dozens to contemporary studies, addressing timely issues such as climate change, conservation, ecology, and invasive species. This time series of data, initiated by Thoreau and continued by others, has resulted in dozens of peer‐reviewed publications, a popular science book, and numerous educational and outreach opportunities. These data grow increasingly valuable with time and as new and creative studies are undertaken with Thoreau's historic records. No copyright restrictions apply to the use of this data set other than citing this publication.
Monitoring of amoxicilline and ceftazidime in the microdialysate of diabetic foot and serum by capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection
Authors: Tůma Petr , Jaček Martin , Sommerová Blanka , Dlouhý Pavel , Jarošíková Radka , Husáková Jitka , Wosková Veronika , Fejfarová Vladimíra 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDetermination of the broad‐spectrum antibiotics amoxicilline (AMX) and ceftazidime (CTZ) in blood serum and microdialysates of the subcutaneous tissue of the lower limbs is performed using CE with contactless conductivity detection (C4D). Baseline separation of AMX is achieved in 0.5 M acetic acid as the background electrolyte and separation of CTZ in 3.2 M acetic acid with addition of 13% v/v methanol. The CE‐C4D determination is performed in a 25 µm capillary with suppression of the EOF using INST‐coating on an effective length of 18 cm and the attained migration time is 4.2 min for AMX and 4.4 min for CTZ. The analysis was performed using 20 µl of serum and 15 µl of microdialysate, treated by the addition of acetonitrile in a ratio of 1/3 v/v and the sample is injected into the capillary using the large volume sample stacking technique. The LOQ attained in the microdialysate is 148 ng/ml for AMX and 339 ng/ml for CTZ, and in serum 143 ng/ml for AMX and 318 ng/ml for CTZ. The CE‐C4D method is employed for monitoring the passage of AMX and CTZ from the blood circulatory system into the subcutaneous tissue at the sites of diabetic ulceration in patients suffering from diabetic foot syndrome and also for measuring the pharmacokinetics following intravenous application of bolus antibiotic doses.