bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction and types of dead-space fraction during exercise in male chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients
Authors: Chuang Ming-Lung , Hsieh Benjamin Yung-Thing , Lin I-Feng 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A high dead space (V
D) to tidal volume (V
T) ratio during peak exercise (V
D/V
Tpeak) is a sensitive and consistent marker of gas exchange abnormalities; therefore, it is important in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, it is necessary to use invasive methods to obtain V
D/V
Tpeak, as noninvasive methods, such as end-tidal PCO2 (PETCO2peak) and PETCO2 adjusted with Jones’ equation (PJCO2peak) at peak exercise, have been reported to be inconsistent with arterial PCO2 at peak exercise (PaCO2peak). Hence, this study aimed to generate prediction equations for V
D/V
Tpeak using statistical techniques, and to use PETCO2peak and PJCO2peak to calculate the corresponding VD/VTpeaks (i.e., V
D/V
TpeakET
V
D/V
TpeakJ).
A total of 46 male subjects diagnosed with COPD who underwent incremental cardiopulmonary exercise tests with PaCO2 measured via arterial catheterization were enrolled. Demographic data, blood laboratory tests, functional daily activities, chest radiography, two-dimensional echocardiography, and lung function tests were assessed.
In multivariate analysis, diffusing capacity, vital capacity, mean inspiratory tidal flow, heart rate, and oxygen pulse at peak exercise were selected with a predictive power of 0.74. There were no significant differences in the PCO2peak values and the corresponding V
D/V
Tpeak values across the three types (both p = NS).
In subjects with COPD, V
D/V
Tpeak can be estimated using statistical methods and the PETCO2peak and PJCO2peak. These methods may have similar predictive power and thus can be used in clinical practice.
Coronary computed tomographic angiography derived findings and risk score improves the allocation of lipid lowering therapy compared to clinical score
Authors: Jaltotage Biyanka , Gupta Ashu , Ali Umar , Huangfu Gavin , Rankin Jamie , Parsons Richard , Dwivedi Girish 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The initiation of therapy for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASVCD) is currently guided by cohort-based risk scores. Coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) offers more personalised risk assessments to optimise therapy allocation. This study investigates the utility of CCTA determined coronary stenosis (both obstructive and non-obstructive plaque) to guide allocation of lipid lowering therapy. A retrospective analysis of 450 patients with CCTA performed for the assessment of chest pain at a single centre was conducted. Baseline characteristics, investigations, treatments and clinical outcomes were recorded. The allocation of lipid lowering therapy was evaluated with three models, cohort-based risk score (pooled cohort equation), a previously validated CCTA based clinical risk score (pooled cohort equation and CCTA findings) and CCTA alone (without clinical characteristics). The reclassification analysis included 266 patients. Compared to the cohort-based risk score, CCTA based clinical risk score in total reassigned 23% of patients. CCTA alone compared to the CCTA based clinical risk score correctly reassigned 23% and incorrectly reassigned 10%. When comparing the performance of CCTA alone against the cohort-based risk score, both the additive NRI of 25.8 (95% CI 4.12–37.56) and absolute NRI of 13.2 (95% CI 5.88–19.77) was significant. Revascularisation was required in 3% with a low cohort-based risk, but no patients with low risk as per CCTA alone or CCTA based clinical risk score required revascularisation The use of a CCTA based clinical risk score or CCTA alone compared to cohort-based risk scores can improve the allocation of lipid lowering therapy.
Pulmonary mycobacteriosis caused by Mycobacterium peregrinum
Authors: Morita Yutaka , Kondo Yoshihiro , Takeuchi Eiji 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Rationale:

Mycobacterium peregrinum is a member of the group of rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacteria. It mainly causes surgical site and catheter-related infections, while pulmonary infection is rare. We herein present a case of pulmonary infection caused by M peregrinum.

Patient concerns:
A 62-year-old woman visited our hospital with dyspnea and was admitted for the treatment of pneumonia in July 2018.

Diagnosis:
Chest computed tomography showed patchy opacities and consolidation in the bilateral lungs and a cavity in the right upper lobe, which persisted after the treatment of bacterial pneumonia 5 years ago. She was administered ceftriaxone and azithromycin. Consolidation in the bilateral lungs improved, whereas the cavity in the right upper lobe remained and the consolidation surrounding it gradually spread. On admission, the sputum acid-fast bacillus culture was positive, and M peregrinum was identified twice by mass spectrometry. The cavity and consolidation surrounding it were diagnosed as pulmonary mycobacteriosis caused by M peregrinum.

Interventions:
Although we recommended treatment for mycobacteriosis, the patient refused it.

Outcomes:
The patient is regularly followed up; however, the cavity wall is thickening and shadows have become mildly enhanced over the course of 3 years.

Lessons:
We herein present a rare case of pulmonary mycobacteriosis caused by M peregrinum and discuss the literature. Since limited information is currently available on pulmonary mycobacteriosis caused by M peregrinum, the accumulation of further case reports and the clarification of its clinical features are needed.
A rare pediatric case of McCune–Albright syndrome with acute visual disturbance
Authors: Ninomiya Hiroshi , Ozeki Michio , Nozawa Akifumi , Yasue Shiho , Endo Saori , Inuzuka Masayuki , Obara Natsuko , Mochizuki Kiyofumi , Kawaguchi Masaya , Kaneko Yo , Ohe Naoyuki , Aoki Yoko , Matsuo Masayuki , Iwama Toru , Ohnishi Hidenori 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Rationale:
McCune–Albright syndrome (MAS) is a rare disorder characterized by clinical findings, which includes fibrous dysplasia (FD). FD is a benign tumor that leads to increased rates of bone fracture. In some MAS cases with FD, facial deformities, severe pain, and orbital neuropathies are complicated. Aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a benign bone tumor and rare complication of FD.

Patient concerns:
A 9-year-old boy was admitted to our hospital because of acute visual disturbance.

Diagnosis and interventions:
The patient was clinically diagnosed as ABC complicated with MAS, and he underwent surgery.

Outcomes:
After the surgery, his sight became normal. Recurrence of ABC and visual disturbance was not observed in 3 years. Genetic analysis of a tissue sample from the ABC lesion by next-generation sequencing revealed a somatic activating GNAS mutation.

Lessons:
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of MAS causing optic neuropathy complicated with ABC. ABC complicated with MAS is extremely rare, but it should be considered as a possible diagnosis in patients with acute visual loss and facial swelling. In addition, our case had OAS, which is an uncommon syndrome and a rare complication in ABC with MAS, and rapid decompression of the ABC was effective in improving the patient's eyesight.
Oral administration of East Asian herbal medicine for rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Jo Hee-Geun , Song Ho-Sueb , Lee Donghun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background:
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, inflammatory, and painful joint disease. The aim of this review is to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral administration East Asian herbal medicine monotherapy for inflammatory pain of RA, and to explore core herb material information based on collected data.

Methods:
A comprehensive literature search will be conducted in 11 electronic databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature, Excerpta Medica database, Korean Studies Information Service System, Research Information Service System Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System, Korea Citation Index, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, Wanfang data, citation information by NII for randomized controlled trials from their inception until October 13, 2021. Statistical analysis will be performed in the software R version 4.1.1. and R studio program using the default settings of the “meta” and “metafor” package. When heterogeneity in studies is detected, the cause will be identified through subgroup analysis. Methodological quality will be assessed independently using the revised tool for risk of bias in randomized trials (Rob 2.0).

Results:
This study will provide more comprehensive and specific evidence of East Asian herbal medicine monotherapy for RA pain management.

Conclusions:
Based on the results of this review, it is expected that the efficacy and safety of East Asian herbal medicine for inflammatory pain of RA may be confirmed. In addition, it will be possible to derivation of a core herb material information related to this research topic through additional data mining.

Ethics and dissemination:
There are no ethical issues as there are no primary data collected by directly recruiting subjects. The results of this review will be reported in a peer-reviewed scientific journal.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42021273643
The acupuncture-related therapy for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Li Zengtu , Lou Jiali , Wang Chao , Zhang Haijuan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has become a huge economic burden. Increasing randomized clinical trials have favored the efficacy of a specified kind of acupuncture-related therapies (ATs) for treating stable COPD. Nonetheless, comparative efficacy of different ATs for stable COPD remains unknown. Thus, the purpose of this network meta-analysis protocol aims to determine the optimal modality of ATs for treating stable COPD.

Methods:
Six Chinese and English mainstream databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, China Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Database, will be systematically retrieved. The time range of the literature search is from the establishment date of each database to July, 2021. The primary outcome measures will be pulmonary function and incidence of acute exacerbations. The secondary outcome measures will consist of 6-minute walking distance, St George's Respiratory Questionnaire, and COPD assessment test. The methodological quality of included studies will be evaluated by Cochrane risk-of-bias tool and the quality of evidence will evaluated through Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation instrument. Network meta-analysis will be completed using STATA software.

Results:
A synthesis of current evidence of ATs for stable COPD will be provided in this study.

Conclusion:
This study will contribute to synthesizing the evidence regarding the comparative efficacy of different modalities of ATs for stable COPD. Therefore, it will yield decision-making reference to further assist clinicians in determining the optimal modality of ATs in the treatment of stable COPD.

Study Registration:
This protocol was registered in the international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) with the registration number CRD42020166649.
Tuina combined with diet and exercise for simple obesity
Authors: Chen Lili , Cong Deyu , Wang Gaofeng , Sun Jiabao , Ji Yuanyuan , Zhong Zhen , Liu Tong , Liu Jiayi , Chu Yunjie , Wu Xingquan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackground:The incidence of simple obesity is increasing annually, with the number of obese people in all age groups increasing significantly. Obesity has become an important public health concern. Simple obesity affects not only appearance but also health. Obesity has an increasing impact on individuals, families, and society. Therefore, the treatment of obesity is becoming increasingly important. Prior studies have shown that Tuina combined with diet and exercise is capable of producing improvements in body weight and fasted health markers. In recent years, there are many clinical studies on the intervention of simple obesity by Tuina combined with diet and exercise, however, no study systematically evaluated the clinical efficacy. The purpose of this study is to evaluate its effects of Tuina combined with diet and exercise on people with simple obesity.Methods:We will search the following electronic databases: PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Web of science, Cochrane Library, WanFang Data, CBM, CNKI, and VIP from the inception of the coverage of these databases to December 2021. Randomized controlled clinical trials related to Tuina combined with diet and exercise intervention on simple obesity will be included. Cochrane's collaboration tool will be used to assess the quality of the studies. RevMan 5.3 software will be used for the data analysis.Results:This study will provide a standardized evaluation for the efficacy of Tuina combined with diet and exercise for simple obesity.Conclusion:The conclusion of this study will provide evidence for the safety and effectiveness of Tuina combined with diet and exercise on weight loss.Ethics and dissemination:Ethical approval is not required for systematic review and meta- analysis. The results of this review will be disseminated in a peer-review journal.PROSPERO registration number:INPLASY202210079.
Increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with traumatic liver injury
Authors: Chen Yen-Ju , Shen Chih-Jung , Yu Shao-Hua , Lin Cheng-Li , Shih Hong-Mo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer globally, and liver is one of the most commonly injured organs after blunt abdominal trauma. The traumatic liver injury–HCC risk relationship remains unclear.
We extracted data of patients with traumatic liver injury between 2000 and 2013 from Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (n = 15,966) and those of age-, gender-, occupation-, and index year-matched individuals without traumatic liver injury from the general population (n = 63,864). Cox proportional hazard models were employed to determine the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for HCC occurrence in the traumatic liver injury cohort compared with that in the comparison cohort.
Patients with traumatic liver injury had an increased HCC risk (adjusted HR 2.13, 95% CI 1.59–2.85); this increased risk was more pronounced within 1 year after injury (adjusted HR 8.84, 95% CI 4.29–18.2). After >1 year of injury, HCC risk remained 1.53-fold higher in patients with traumatic liver injury than in those without traumatic liver injury (95% CI 1.08–2.15).
People with traumatic liver injury demonstrate a high HCC risk, particularly within the first year of the injury.
Serum osmolarity does not predict mortality in patients with respiratory failure
Authors: Çelik Deniz , Yildiz Murat , Çifci Ayşe 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We aimed to determine the parameters that affect mortality in pulmonary intensive care units that are faster and inexpensive to determine than existing scoring systems. The relationship between serum osmolarity and prognosis was demonstrated for predialysis patients, in acute pulmonary embolism, heart failure, acute coronary syndrome, myocardial infarction, and acute spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in the literature. We hypothesized that serum osmolarity, which is routinely evaluated, may have prognostic significance in patients with respiratory failure.
This study comprised 449 patients treated in the Pulmonary Intensive Care Clinic (PICU) of our hospital between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2020. The modified Charlson Comorbidity Index (mCCI), Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Assessment (APACHE II), Sequential Organ Failure Evaluation Score (SOFA), Nutrition Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002), and hospitalization serum osmolarity levels were measured.
Of the 449 patients included in the study, 65% (n = 292) were female and the mean age of all patients was 69.86 ± 1.72 years. About 83.1% (n = 373) of the patients included in the study were discharged with good recovery. About 4.9% (n = 22) were transferred to the ward because their intensive care needs were over. About 6.9% (n = 31) were transferred to the tertiary intensive care unit after their status deteriorated. About 5.1% (n = 23) died in the PICU. In the mortality group, APACHE II (P = .005), mCCI (P < .001), NRS-2002 total score (P < .001), and SOFA score (P < .001) were significantly higher. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of serum osmolarity levels.
Although we could not determine serum osmolarity as a practical method to predict patient prognosis in this study, we assume that our results will guide future studies on this subject.
Hypertension defined by the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline is more accurate than 2018 ESC/ESH for detecting early vascular aging in young adults
Authors: de Souza Mariana P. , Lopes Paulo Cesar , Bazo Gabriel , Rocha Paulo Ricardo H. , Lorencini Daniela Aparecida , Bettiol Heloisa , Barbieri Marco Antonio , Coelho Eduardo B. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Determine the most accurate diagnostic criteria of arterial hypertension (AH) for detecting early vascular aging (EVA) defined by pulse wave velocity (PWV) higher than ≥9.2 m/s.
Cross-sectional study of a birth cohort started in 1978/79. The following data were collected between April 6, 2016 and August 31, 2017 from 1775 participants: demographic, anthropometric, office blood pressure (BP) measurement, biochemical risk factors, and PWV. A subsample of 454 participants underwent 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring. The frequencies of AH, and BP phenotypes were calculated according to both guidelines. BP phenotypes (white-coat hypertension, masked hypertension (MHT), sustained hypertension (SH) and normotension) were correlated with risk factors and subclinical target organ damage after adjustment for confounders by multiple linear regression. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed to determine the best BP threshold for detecting EVA.
A higher frequency of AH (45.1 vs 18.5%), as well as of SH (40.7 vs 14.8%) and MHT (28.9 vs 25.8%) was identified using the 2017 ACC/AHA criteria comparing with 2018 ESC/ESH. EVA was associated with the higher-risk BP phenotypes (SH and MHT, P < .0001) in both criteria. There was a higher accuracy in diagnosing EVA, with the 2017 ACC/AHA criteria. Analysis of the receiver operating characteristic curves showed office BP cutoff value (128/83 mm Hg) for EVA closer to the 2017 ACC/AHA threshold.
The 2017 AHA/ACC guideline for the diagnosis of AH, and corresponding ambulatory BP monitoring values, is more accurate for discriminating young adults with EVA. Clinical application of PWV may help identify patients that could benefit from BP levels <130/80 mm Hg.
Efficacy and safety of tripterygium wilfordii multiglycosides in idiopathic membranous nephropathy
Authors: Geng Chanyu , Li Qiang , Pu Lei , Yang Hongling , Li Guisen , Feng Yunlin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objective:
Tripterygium wilfordii multiglycosides has been demonstrated to be effective in reducing proteinuria and alleviate edema in patients with chronic kidney disease. We aim to evaluate its efficacy and safety in idiopathic membranous nephropathy.

Methods and analysis:
This is an randomized, open-labeled, controlled clinical trial. Twenty eligible patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy will be randomly assigned into the intervention group and the control group at a rate of 1:1. Patients in the intervention group will receive tripterygium wilfordii multiglycosides tablets (1–1.5 mg/kg body weight/d, orally) in addition to the original treatment of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker, while the control group will continue with the original treatment of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker. The treatment course is 6 months, and clinical variables of patients will be measured at baseline and each monthly follow-up. The primary efficacy outcome measure is absolute decrease in urinary protein quantity after 6 months of treatment compared with baseline at randomization. The secondary efficacy outcome measures include absolute decrease in urine albumin-creatinine ratio in spot urine after 6 months of treatment compared with baseline at randomization, the percentage of patients who reached effective clinical response, and the percentage of patients who developed composite renal endpoint. Safety outcome measures include incidence of adverse events, incidence of serious adverse events, and death.
Efficacy and safety of acupuncture for patients with pseudomyopia
Authors: Niu Ye , Zheng Wei , Wang Shan , Zhao Qi , Wei Lijuan , Zhao Yang , Wang Bo , Ju Yuan , Wang Fuchun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background:
Myopia are common health problems that people experience in daily life. Pediatric myopia has become a major international public health concern that has a negative impact on physical, mental health of patients, and quality of life. Currently, there is no cure available. Press needle as an adjuvant therapy is currently undergoing clinical trials in different medical centers. However, no relevant systematic review or meta-analysis has been designed to evaluate the effects of press needle patching on early myopia. There is also a lack of systematic evaluation and analysis of acupoints and thumbtack needle.

Methods:
We will electronically search Medline, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, and Wan-Fang Database from their inception to October 2021. In addition, we will manually retrieve other resources including the reference lists of identified publications, conference articles, and gray literature. The clinical randomized controlled trials or quasi-randomized controlled trials related to press needle for the treatment of early myopia will be included in the study. The language is limited to Chinese and English. Research selection, data extraction, and research quality assessment will be independently completed by 2 researchers. Data were synthesized by using afixed effect model or random effect model depend on the heterogeneity test. The total effective rate was the primary outcomes. RevMan V.5.3 statistical software will be used for meta-analysis. If it is not appropriate for a meta-analysis, then a descriptive analysis will be conducted. Data synthesis will use the risk ratio and the standardized or weighted average difference of continuous data to represent the results.

Results:
This study will analyze the clinical effective rate, pesudomyopia outcomes, quality of life, improvement of clinical symptoms of pesudomyopia, and validity of thumbtack needle for patients with pesudomyopia.

Conclusion:
This systematic review will provide evidence to judge whether thumbtack needle is an effective intervention for patients with early myopia.

Systematic review registration:
PROSPERO, CRD42021243151.