bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stability analysis of circular orbits around a traversable wormhole with massless conformally coupled scalar field
Authors: Giri Shobhit , Nandan Hemwati , Joshi Lokesh Kumar , Maharaj Sunil D. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe study the stability of circular orbits in the background of a traversable wormhole (TWH) spacetime obtained as a solution of Einstein’s field equations coupled conformally to a massless scalar field. The Lyapunov stability approach is employed to determine the stability of circular orbits (timelike and null) of non-spinning test particles around a TWH spacetime. In the case of timelike geodesics, the particle is confined to move in four different types of effective potentials depending on various values of the angular momentum $$\tilde{L}$$

L
~

with both centrifugal and gravitational part. The effective potential for null geodesics consists of only a centrifugal part. Further, we characterize each fixed point according to its Lyapunov stability, and thus classify the circular orbits at the fixed point into stable center and unstable saddle points by depicting the corresponding phase-portraits.
Experimental Investigation on the Effects of Exhaust Emission Reduction in a Single Cylinder CI Engine Fuelled with Diesel and Diesel Plastic Pyrolysis Oil with Zeolite Nanomaterials
Authors: Jacob S. , Karikalan L. , Bhowmick Anirudh 
Published: April 2022

The steady-state activity of zeolite 4A and 5A has been investigated experimentally for nitrous oxide and other emission gases in highly oxidizing conditions, typical for lean-burn engine exhaust. Zeolite has been characterized by XRD and FTIR. The CAD model is designed which shows the layout and basic mounting points of the catalytic converter on the Kirloskar TVI engine. Zeolite 4A and 5A substrate has been made using simple molding techniques, further heating it in an electric heater at 650°C for 6 hours. Several fuels such as plastic pyrolysis oil and diesel oil have been used to investigate the effect of NO on zeolite 4A and 5A substrate. The NO conversion has been found to be decreased by 40% using plastic pyrolysis oil. The zeolite powder has been added with 8% of bentonite clay and 5% of carboxymethyl cellulose powder, and 34% distilled water was stirred constantly to form like molding sand. The applied torque was monitored during stirring, signifying even mixing. The mixture has been kept in the prearranged mold design, and uniform pressure has been applied to guarantee no air holes in the shape. The hole pattern has been made using SOLIDWORKS and has been printed to get reliable openings (10 mm) with the assistance of wooden bars; the prearranged mold has been dried for 92 h in the immediate daylight; thereafter, dry pipes have been taken out from the mold. The subsequent form has been kept in the furnace at first at 150°C. Carboxymethyl cellulose is utilized as a fastener which assists with shaping the mold since it has great binding properties. Significant NOx reduction of 45~50% using zeolite 5A and 27~30% using zeolite 4A mold structure with diesel fuel was observed. Reduction of 35~40% using zeolite 5A and 13~16% using zeolite 4A mold structure with

PPO
+
diesel

fuel

was observed.
Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Nasal
Authors: Sudarmanto Yohanes , Soehartono  , Angelina Aina , Yudhanto Hendy , Putri Anggie 
Published: April 2022

Latar belakang: Keganasan sinonasal memiliki angka kejadian yang jarang. Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) merupakan tumor ganas tersering kedua di daerah sinonasal, memiliki karakteristik pertumbuhan lambat namun berpotensi metastasis jauh dan rekurensi yang tinggi. Tatalaksana utama penyakit adalah tindakan pembedahan radikal dilanjutkan radioterapi. Pemilihan pendekatan tindakan pembedahan bergantung pada stadium dan lokasi tumor. Prognosis keganasan sinonasal kurang baik, berhubungan dengan tipe histologis tumor, kejadian invasi perineural, perivaskular, dan metastasis jauh, lokasi tumor, usia pasien dan modalitas terapi.
Tujuan: Melaporkan satu kasus ACC nasal dengan metastasis regional cervical yang dilakukan tindakan pembedahan dan dilanjutkan radioterapi.
Laporan Kasus: Laki-laki, 70 tahun, datang ke klinik THTKL RSUD dr. Saiful Anwar Malang dengan keluhan benjolan di dalam hidung kanan disertai buntu hidung dan riwayat mimisan selama 1 tahun. Pasien dilakukan tindakan pembedahan dengan pendekatan rinotomi lateral menggunakan insisi Moure. Histopatologi jaringan operasi adalah ACC tipe cribiform.
Kesimpulan: Tindakan pembedahan dilanjutkan radioterapi masih menjadi baku emas tatalaksanan ACC nasal. Evaluasi berkala jangka panjang harus dilakukan untuk deteksi dini rekurensi lokoregional dan kejadian metastasih jauh pasca tindakan pembedahan dan radioterapi.
Reading Indian Literature in Fourth-Century China: Gleanings from a Newly Available Commentary to the Oldest Chinese Translation of the Vimalakīrti-nirdeśa
Authors: Greene Eric M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This article introduces new evidence concerning how the very earliest Chinese translations of Buddhist texts were read in early medieval China: a Turfan manuscript first made public in 2005 of an otherwise unknown interlinear commentary to the oldest Chinese translation of the Vimalakīrti Sutra. I show that the earliest (pre- ca. 350 CE) translations of Indian Buddhist texts, well known for their problematic literary forms that frequently make them very difficult to understand, sometimes circulated with interlinear commentaries that explained how to manipulate their often tortuous syntax into a more normal Chinese idiom. The earliest readers of Indian Buddhist literature in China did not always approach these texts as purely “Chinese” documents, as it has sometimes been thought. Even though few such readers were themselves learned in Indian languages, the linguistic alterity of Indian Buddhist literature was nevertheless available to them to some degree.
Negotiating Dynastic Divide: The Textual Life of a Southern Tang Official Under the Song
Authors: Woolley Nathan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
China’s period of disunion in the tenth century posed moral challenges to individuals navigating the complex and unstable political situation. Later historians exploited the ambiguities of these challenges in giving their own assessments of those times, resulting in a complex array of assertions on matters pertaining to the Southern Tang. Appraisal of the character of the official Xu Xuan includes criticism around his work on the history of the Southern Tang and his meetings with the Song emperor Taizu. Accounts of Xu Xuan’s conduct evolved in meaning over time as existing material found its way into new compilations and contexts. Tracing the course of these changes reveals how the history of the Southern Tang served the varying purposes of Song writers.
Performing Chineseness Overseas
Authors: Yu-Hsing Chen Jasmine 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This article analyzes how the photographs of overseas Chinese performing Peking opera projected the Chinese nationalism of the Kuomintang (KMT) across Taiwan (the Republic of China, ROC) and the Philippines during the Cold War. The analysis focuses on images in the periodical Drama and Art (1964–1972), examining theater and photography as mediums that worked together to (re)shape a ROC-approved vision of “Chineseness.” In addition to studying the circulation of these photographs, the discussion further looks into those aspects of the performances rendered invisible by the periodical, explicating how the Chineseness of overseas Chinese was produced and performed based on the KMT’s needs. Peking opera performance also functioned as a form of “emotional compensation” for Chinese-Filipino performers to act out fantasies of power while facing anti-Chinese sentiment in the Philippines. This article therefore argues that Peking opera was intricately linked to the conceptual construction of overseas Chineseness and its embodied practice.
Chinese Plantation Heritage on Malolo Lailai, Mamanuca Group, Fiji
Authors: Spennemann Dirk HR 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The Chinese presence in the Pacific Islands during the nineteenth and early twentieth century has been largely explored through the lens of indentured labor as well as small island traders, whereas archaeological and heritage-related work in the circum-Pacific region primarily focused on the presence of Chinese on the goldfields and associated construction activities. Using evidence encountered on Malolo Lailai, an island off the north-western coast of Viti Levu (Fiji), this paper is the first to focus on the cultural heritage of Chinese-owned plantations. The elements of that heritage encompass residual copra plantations spaced in Chinese paces, a copra shed, a well and a small cemetery. The significance of the sites as a manifestation of the Chinese presence in Fiji are discussed as well as opportunities as to how this heritage might inform current understanding of the role of Chinese in the economic development of Fiji during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
The Relationship between Moral Philosophy and Political Philosophy in William James
Authors: Koopman Colin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This review essay is occasioned by two books on the moral and political thought of William James. Sarin Marchetti’s Ethics and Philosophical Critique in William James and Trygve Throntveit’s William James and the Quest for an Ethical Republic pose crucial questions for how we are to frame, interpret, and assess the philosophical contributions of William James more than one hundred years after his passing. In offering interpretations of James as contributing to social and political questions through his moral philosophy, both books raise important questions that bear on contemporary debates in political philosophy between ideal theorists and political realists. If ideal theorists put moral philosophy first and extract a political vision therefrom, political realists seek to begin theoretical reflection in the specifically political circumstances of our lives. This review essay is centered on the following question: through which of these two lenses should the writings of William James be received?
The American Republic: William James on Political Leadership
Authors: Goodson Jacob L. , Stein Quinlan C. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Since Plato’s Republic, philosophers have outlined their expectations for political leaders and have offered judgments on the actions and decisions made by political leaders in their given context. It turns out that the American philosopher, William James, participates in this philosophical tradition. Although it has been assumed by professional philosophers—and even scholars of William James’s work—that James has no political philosophy, we argue that James’s political philosophy becomes both practical and useful for making judgments about and against political leaders.
The Sultan’s Syllabus Revisited: Sixteenth-Century Ottoman Madrasa Libraries and the Question of Canonization
Authors: Şen A. Tunç 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This study revisits the question of the early modern Ottoman madrasa curriculum, which, ever since the famous Studia Islamica article of Nenad Filipovic and the late Shahab Ahmed in 2004, has come to be recognized as the “sultan’s syllabus,” implying a strict imposition of a centrally-designed course of study. By utilizing a host of endowment lists, book registers, and autobiographical writings of high- to low-ranking Ottoman scholars from the sixteenth century that escaped Ahmed’s and Filipovic’s attention, I aim to redress an argument that was based on a misinterpretation of a single document but has been extensively cited and recycled since its first articulation almost two decades ago. All of these sources, some of which have never or only partially received scholarly attention, shed more accurate light, not only on the scope of learning, teaching, and canon formation in the early modern Ottoman world of scholarship but also on the mediating role the Ottoman court played by supplying copies of books wherever and whenever needed.
Research in Retrospect: The Animal Bones from Daima, Northeast Nigeria
Authors: Fagan Brian M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This brief report describes the animal bones from the first millennium BC discovered during Graham Connah’s excavations at Daima Mound in northeastern Nigeria in 1965–66. The faunal research was completed by the author in 1973, but, owing to various circumstances, it has not been possible to publish the report until now. Eighty percent of the 657 positively identified bones come from domestic cattle, probably a small-statured breed. They were mostly slaughtered while young adults, which suggests they were surplus males. Small stock, probably goats, and also hunting were less important. The inhabitants consumed shallow water fish, mainly Clariidae (catfish), easily trapped in shallow pools. The small Daima collection confirms faunal data from other Lake Chad sites, which show that cattle herding was an important activity during the first millennium BC.
‘Johnny Onions!’: Seasonal Pedlars from Brittany and their Good Reputation in Great Britain (1870s–1970s)
Authors: Leboissetier Léa 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The Onion Johnnies were a group of French seasonal migrants and door-to-door traders who travelled to Britain from the mid-nineteenth to the late twentieth centuries. This article explores their surprisingly good reputation among the British population and authorities: while pedlars were often conflated with tramps, suspicious aliens or disreputable individuals by the police, the Johnnies’ reliance on established familial and commercial networks meant they benefited from a positive stereotype. While hawking was generally perceived as an anachronistic and unrewarding occupation, French onion sellers were exoticised by the British population, who celebrated they rural roots. The seasonal, semi-sedentary and ‘picturesque’ aspect of the onion trade enabled them to reverse the stigmas associated to itinerant trading, their doorstep performance becoming their selling point. The case study of the Johnnies helps us understand the stereotypes linked to peddling in late modern Britain and to go beyond the narrative of decline surrounding this occupation.
Trust in the Indian Labour Diaspora
Authors: Bates Crispin , Carter Marina 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper investigates the role of trust relationships through a re-examination of the activities of intermediaries (recruiters) in the Indian indentured labour system of the Indian Ocean in the colonial era. A review of the utilisation of trust in development discourse and its applicability to the literature of colonial subaltern migration and to a specific historical context is undertaken. The paper demonstrates that informal trust networks are critical to an understanding of the operation of indenture, that the appraisal of their functioning and effectiveness necessitates the construction of a counter narrative to the ‘official’ archive, and suggests a new means of adapting the trust discourse to this field of study through an assessment of how these knowledge and information networks were disseminated and by whom.
Exploring the Health Impacts of Climate Change in Subsistence Fishing Communities throughout Micronesia: A Narrative Review
Authors: Hodgson Lauren , Fernando Gabriela , Lansbury Nina 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
For many people living in low-income coastal communities, marine resources provide a crucial source of animal protein and are of major nutritional importance. However, because of various human-induced pressures, such as overfishing and poor resource management, marine resources are deteriorating at an unprecedented rate. Climate change effects this dynamic by contributing directly to marine resource deterioration and acting as an effect multiplier, worsening already-present problems in the systems. This deterioration threatens the viability of marine resources to support future food security demands and presents multiple health implications for coastal communities that rely upon these resources. This research used a narrative review to explore how the impacts of climate change are projected to impact human health and sustainable development throughout subsistence fishing communities. A case study approach focusing on the Pacific Ocean region of Micronesia was conducted to provide a practical indication of the future scenario applicable to other geographical regions across the globe. The results indicate that climate change is likely to exacerbate adverse health outcomes such as food insecurity, ciguatera fish poisoning, heatstroke, and mental health problems and that climate change may lead to the deterioration of traditional cultural practices. As the climate crisis is happening now and will be an issue extending into the foreseeable future, it is necessary to implement adaptation strategies, funding, and governance to limit global emissions, preserve marine resources, and support human well-being. Therefore, this research details adaptation strategies, such as diversifying fish catch and reviving traditional postharvest preservation methods, that may help communities adapt to climate change.

Significance Statement
The Sixth Assessment Report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2021) has indicated that marine resources are deteriorating at an unprecedented rate across all regions of the globe. As marine resources significantly contribute to feeding coastal–semisubsistence communities, it is beneficial to understand how this deterioration will affect human health. Thus, this research indicates that declines in marine resources may exacerbate the prevalence of food insecurity, ciguatera fish poisoning, heat-related illnesses, mental health problems, and chronic diseases within marine-dependent communities. Furthermore, this research details adaptation strategies such as diversifying fish catch, improving postharvest preservation methods, and offering counseling services, which may help support the health and well-being of marine-dependent communities.
Open Bedside Tracheostomy: Safe and Cost Saving but Underutilized Nationally
Authors: Tang Liyang , West Jonathan , Lee Esther , Kharidia Khush , Hasday Steven , Chambers Tamara , Kokot Niels , Swanson Mark , O'Dell Karla 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate open bedside tracheostomy (OBT) and compare it with open operating room (OR) tracheostomy and bedside percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) in complications and cost. To determine the tracheostomy practice patterns of academic otolaryngology programs.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study and cross‐sectional study.SettingPublic hospital and tertiary care hospital.MethodsOtolaryngology program directors were surveyed to determine their institutions’ tracheostomy practice patterns and the factors preventing the implementation of open bedside tracheostomies. A retrospective chart review was done of tracheostomies performed at our institutions from 2009 to 2019 for prolonged mechanical ventilation. Complications, length of intubation, comorbidities, body mass index, demographics, mortality rates, and decannulation rates were recorded. A cost analysis between OBT and PDT was conducted.ResultsData from 802 patients were analyzed for 449 OBTs, 206 PDTs, and 147 open OR tracheostomies. Complication rates were low. PDTs were more likely to have perioperative tracheal bleeding (P = .028) and mucus plugging (P = .006). OBTs were performed on sicker patients with a higher Charlson Comorbidity Index than PDT and OR tracheostomies. The cost of OBT was less than that of PDT. The survey response rate of tracheostomy practice patterns was 46%. The otolaryngologists at the responding programs all conducted OR tracheostomies, while 52.7% did OBTs and 30.9% PDTs.ConclusionOBT can be done safely in patients with multiple comorbidities and has a cost that can be less than PDT. Despite these benefits, only 50% of academic institutions routinely performed OBT.Level of Evidence3
Evaluation of the Metric Properties of the Delaware School Climate Survey – Student: A Study in a Sample of Serbian High School Students
Authors: Đorđić Dejan , Florić Olivera Knežević , Ninković Stefan 
Published: April 2022

The present study examined the metric properties of the Delaware School Climate Survey – Student (DSCS-S) using a sample of 1524 Serbian high school students. Of the total number of participants, 764 were male and 760 were female with age ranging from 16 to 20 years ( M = 17.67, SD = 0.65). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) demonstrated that a seven-factor model of school climate has an adequate fit with the data. Furthermore, measurement invariance of the DSCS-S across gender was supported. Results revealed significant latent mean differences between male and female students on most dimensions of the school climate. Convergent validity of the DSCS-S was established by correlations of its dimensions with students’ academic achievement and attachment to school. Taken together, the findings of the present study indicate that the DSCS-S has the potential to be applied in measuring school climate in the Serbian educational context.
Inadequacies in service delivery for the diagnosis and treatment of vaginitis and vaginosis in Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Omosa-Manyonyi Gloria S , Koyio Lucina N , Mwangi Esther W , Gathura Hannah , van der Ven Andre , Oever Jaap ten 
Published: April 2022

Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), a common cause of vaginitis, affects 75% of women in their lifetime. In Kenya, vaginitis/VVC is managed using the vaginal discharge syndrome guidelines. We assessed how frequently healthcare workers consider the diagnosis of vaginitis/VVC in symptomatic women, and adherence to the syndromic guidelines, outpatient records at Nairobi City County health facilities, of non-pregnant symptomatic females aged ≥15 years were abstracted. Descriptive statistics were applied, and analysis of determinants of practice determined using multivariable logistic regression models. Of 6,516 patients, 4,236 (65%) (inter-facility range 11–92%) had vaginitis of which 1,554 (37%) were considered VVC (inter-facility range 0–99%). Vaginitis was associated with facility, adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.80 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.64–4.76) and aOR 0.03 (95% CI 0.02–0.04); and month, aOR 0.33 (95% CI 0.25–0.43). Vaginal examination was in 53% (inter-facility range 0–98%). Adherence to syndromic treatment was 56% (inter-facility range 0–83%), better with older patients (aOR 7.73, 95% CI 3.31–18.07). Vaginitis and VVC are commonly diagnosed in symptomatic patients in Nairobi; adherence to the syndromic guidelines is low and differs across the health facilities. Interventions to improve adherence are needed.