bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum Amino Acid Profile Changes After Repetitive Breath-Hold Dives: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Cialoni Danilo , Brizzolari Andrea , Sponsiello Nicola , Lancellotti Valentina , Bosco Gerardo , Marroni Alessandro , Barassi Alessandra 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The aim of this work was to investigate the serum amino acid (AA) changes after a breath-hold diving (BH-diving) training session under several aspects including energy need, fatigue tolerance, nitric oxide (NO) production, antioxidant synthesis and hypoxia adaptation. Twelve trained BH-divers were investigated during an open sea training session and sampled for blood 30 min before the training session, 30 min and 4 h after the training session. Serum samples were assayed for AA changes related to energy request (alanine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, proline threonine, valine), fatigue tolerance (ornithine, phenylalanine, tyrosine), nitric oxide production (citrulline), antioxidant synthesis (cystine, glutamate, glycine) and hypoxia adaptation (serine, taurine).

Main results
Concerning the AA used as an energy support during physical effort, we found statistically significant decreases for all the investigated AA at T1 and a gradual return to the basal value at T2 even if alanine, proline and theonine still showed a slight significant reduction at this time. Also, the changes related to the AA involved in tolerance to physical effort showed a statistically significant decrease only at T1 respect to pre-diving value and a returned to normal value at T2. Citrulline, involved in NO production, showed a clear significant reduction both at T1 and T2. Concerning AA involved in endogenous antioxidant synthesis, the behaviour of the three AA investigated is different: we found a statistically significant increase in cystine both at T1 and T2, while glycine showed a statistically significant reduction (T1 and T2). Glutamate did not show any statistical difference. Finally, we found a statistically significant decrease in the AA investigated in other hypoxia conditions serine and taurine (T1 and T2).

Conclusions
Our data seem to indicate that the energetic metabolic request is in large part supported by AA used as substrate for fuel metabolism and that also fatigue tolerance, NO production and antioxidant synthesis are supported by AA. Finally, there are interesting data related to the hypoxia stimulus that indirectly may confirm that the muscle apparatus works under strong exposure conditions notwithstanding the very short/low intensity of exercise, due to the intermittent hypoxia caused by repetitive diving.
Surface coating of orthopedic implant to enhance the osseointegration and reduction of bacterial colonization: a review
Authors: Bohara Smriti , Suthakorn Jackrit 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

The use of orthopedic implants in surgical technology has fostered restoration of physiological functions. Along with successful treatment, orthopedic implants suffer from various complications and fail to offer functions correspondent to native physiology. The major problems include aseptic and septic loosening due to bone nonunion and implant site infection due to bacterial colonization. Crucial advances in material selection in the design and development of coating matrixes an opportunity for the prevention of implant failure. However, many coating materials are limited in
in-vitro
testing and few of them thrive in clinical tests. The rate of implant failure has surged with the increasing rates of revision surgery creating physical and sensitive discomfort as well as economic burdens. To overcome critical pathogenic activities several systematic coating techniques have been developed offering excellent results that combat infection and enhance bone integration. This review article includes some more common implant coating matrixes with excellent in vitro and in vivo results focusing on infection rates, causes, complications, coating materials, host immune responses and significant research gaps. This study provides a comprehensive overview of potential coating technology, with functional combination coatings which are focused on ultimate clinical practice with substantial improvement on in-vivo tests. This includes the development of rapidly growing hydrogel coating techniques with the potential to generate several accurate and precise coating procedures.
Multiple attacks of transient monocular visual loss in a previously healthy man: a possible complication after COVID-19 vaccination?
Authors: Cunha Leonardo Provetti , Atalla Ângelo , de Melo Costa-Neto José , Costa-Cunha Luciana Virgínia Ferreira , Preti Rony Carlos , Zacharias Leandro Cabral , Monteiro Mário Luiz Ribeiro 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The present case aims to describe a previously healthy man who presented multiple attacks of transient monocular visual loss after Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccination and to discuss the possible mechanisms related to occurrence of this condition.

Case presentation
We report a case of multiple attacks of transient monocular visual loss in a previously healthy middle-aged man two weeks after Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccination. TVL attacks were described as sudden and painless complete visual loss, lasting about one minute, followed by a full recovery. He presented several non-simultaneous attacks in both eyes, 16 in the right eye, and 2 in the left eye on the same day, fifteen days after receiving the second dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine. The brain’s magnetic resonance angiography, echocardiogram, and doppler ultrasound imaging of the carotid and vertebral arteries were non-revealing. The complete blood exam revealed a slightly elevated C-reactive protein test. We assessed fundus examination during the transient visual loss attack and revealed diffuse vascular narrowing for both arterial and venous branches, notably in the emergence of the optic disc in right eye. In addition, the circumpapillary optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) vessel density map was reduced. Oral verapamil hydrochloride 60 mg twice daily was initiated, and the attacks of transient visual loss improved after two days.

Conclusions
To date, and the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of multiple transient monocular visual loss attacks due to retinal vasospasm in a previously healthy middle-aged man documented by fundus retinography and OCTA. We discuss in this article the possible association of retinal vasospasm and Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccination, probably related to vaccine-induced inflammation.
Psychometric properties of the FACES IV package for Spanish adolescents
Authors: Vegas María I. , Mateos-Agut Manuel , Pineda-Otaola Pedro J. , Sebastián-Vega Carlota 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe family plays an essential role in the life of an adolescent. Hence, an acceptable understanding and an evaluation of family functioning is fundamental for effective interventions with adolescents in the psychological, social, and educational fields. The main purpose of this study is to examine the psychometric properties of the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (FACES IV), the Family Communication Scale (FCS), and the Family Satisfaction Scale (FSS), for assessing the family functioning of Spanish adolescents. The sample was comprised of 1187 adolescents between 14 -18 years old (49.96% boys and 50.04% girls; M = 16.17; SD = 1.31) from Castile and Leon (Spain), selected from 23 educational centers, 10 university degree courses, and 18 specific juvenile centers for adolescents with either family or behavioral problems. The scales of Balanced Cohesion, Balanced Flexibility and Disengaged showed good convergent validity, while Enmeshed, Rigid, and Chaotic did not. For this reason some items were removed, obtaining a shortened version of FACES IV, that demonstrated acceptable reliability, and good convergent and predictive validity. The FCS and FSS scales yielded excellent psychometric properties. The results confirmed the factorial structure of the FACES IV, its transcultural applicability, and its validity for different ages. The hypotheses of the circumplex model were confirmed, except for the dysfunctionality of two scales, Enmeshed and Rigid, that contrary to what was expected, showed positive correlations with Family Communication, Family Satisfaction, Balanced Cohesion, and Balanced Flexibility. In brief, our results present the FACES IV package as a useful instrument for the assessment of family functioning of Spanish adolescents. Future studies will be necessary to confirm the trend observed for the two aforementioned scales among adolescents.
Challenges in platforming and digitizing decentralized energy services
Authors: Idries Ahmed , Krogstie John , Rajasekharan Jayaprakash 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper aims to identify and classify the challenges and issues faced by the energy sector in digitizing distributed energy operation and services using digital platforms. It contributes to two fields: information systems (IS) in the domain of platforms ecosystems and digital services innovation and the field of energy informatics in the domain of digital business models and service innovation. Through a systematic literature review, we investigate current research on digitalization and digital platforms in the context of electrical energy services and identify challenges and areas for future research. The key challenges are then classified into two categories, each with three subcategories: Architectural challenges, including aspects of design, ecosystem management, and agility and openness; and business and regulatory challenges, including contracts and relationship management, business models, and standards. The main limitation of this study is that it does not focus on a specific geographic domain, which means that the results are somewhat general and may not be applicable to certain countries or regions. The paper concludes with recommendations for future research directions in the digitalization and platformization of the energy sector in all six-sub-areas.
Overview of dreadful consequences of SARS-CoV-2 invasion in Italy from March 2020 to March 2022
Authors: Bhuiyan Asma Akter , Brahmachari Sreyashi , Ripa Israt Jahan , Noor Rashed 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The unpredicted pandemic disease COVID-19 first flared up adversely in Europe by imparting interminable force of infected and fatality cases to Italy. In late February 2020, the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in northern Italy and swiftly proliferated to the entire country, albeit continuous to date (23 March 2022) with a lesser extent of deadliness. Current review focused on the invasions and the associated consequences by SARS-CoV-2 during the period of March 2020–March 2022.

Main body of the abstract
Initially, the lethality and transmissibility of the novel virus made Italy stunned within 1 month, the number of death cases reached 12,428 at the end of March 2020. The Italian Government announced an immediate emergency phase in entire country, educational institutions to local businesses, manufacturing works, cultural activities to elective activities were rescinded and all the hospitals to morgues were swamped, ensuing that fear of epidemic was impended. Besides, the Italian National Health System and Service coordinated massive public health interventions and conferred unprecedented efforts to limit the high mortality rate of the first wave of infection. Amidst 2 years of epidemic (as of 23 March 2022), Italy has documented 14,070,450 (23.74% of the population) confirmed infected cases, 12,685,306 (21.41% of the population) healed cases, 158,254 death cases (0.27% of the population) and ranking 9th worldwide in the number of deaths.

Short conclusion
Based on publicly available Italian Ministry of Health COVID-19 data, current review has comprehended region-wise total infected cases, death cases and healed cases for three consecutive years 2020–2022 to foresee different patterns of the regional outbreak and gradual subservience. At a glance, we highlighted the overview of the exhaustion and exertion of COVID-19 crisis throughout the periods in Italy.
Syndecan-4 is correlated with disease activity and serological characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Zhao Juan , Ye Xia , Zhang Zhuoli 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To describe the feature of expression of syndecan-4 in serum, synovial fluid (SF) and synovium in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, and to analyze the correlation of syndecan-4 with disease activity and serological characteristic of RA.

Methods
Syndecan-4 in sera of 60 RA patients, 20 osteoarthritis (OA) patients, 20 healthy controls, and in SF of 25 RA patients and 25 OA patients were tested by enzyme linked immunosorbant assay. The expressions of syndecan-4 in synovium of RA and OA patients were detected by immunohistochemistry. The expression of syndecan-4 on synovial fibroblasts from RA and OA patients were detected by immunofluorescence. The correlation between serum syndecan-4 concentration and disease activity were analyzed in RA patients.

Results
The serum syndedcan-4 concentration was significantly higher in RA patients than in OA patients and healthy controls, and was higher in rheumatoid factor (RF)-positive RA patients than in RF-negative ones. Syndecan-4 concentration in SF of RA patients was comparable with OA patients. Syndecan-4 expression in synovial tissue was similar between RA and OA patients. The syndecan-4 concentration was significantly lower in SF than in serum of RA and OA patients. Syndecan-4 concentration in both serum and SF was positively correlated with disease activity of RA patients.

Conclusion
The serum syndecan-4 concentration was higher in RA patients than in OA patients, and significantly higher in RF-positive RA patients than in RF-negative ones. Syndecan-4 concentration in both serum and SF was positively correlated with disease activity of RA patients.
Reverse transcription-recombinase-aided amplification and CRISPR/Cas12a-based visual detection of maize chlorotic mottle virus
Authors: Duan Xueyan , Ma Wendi , Jiao Zhiyuan , Tian Yiying , Ismail Ragab Gomaa , Zhou Tao , Fan Zaifeng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMaize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) is one of the important quarantine pathogens in China. It often co-infects with one or two viruses in the family Potyviridae and causes maize lethal necrosis disease. Therefore, an accurate and sensitive method for the detection of MCMV is urgently needed. Combined with reverse transcription and recombinase-aided amplification, we developed a CRISPR/Cas12a-based visual nucleic acid detection system targeting the MCMV coat protein gene. The whole process can be completed within 45 min with high sensitivity. This system could detect cDNAs diluted up to 10–5 when 2000 ng of total RNA was used for reverse transcription. The Cas12a/crRNA complex designed for MCMV detection could recognize and cleave the targeted double-stranded DNA, and ultimately cleave the single-stranded DNA probes and produce fluorescent signals. The green fluorescence produced under blue light (440–460 nm) in this procedure could be observed by the naked eye. Since this novel method is specific, rapid, sensitive and does not require special instruments and technical expertise, it should be suitable for on-site visual detection of MCMV in seeds, plants of maize and potentially in its insect vectors.
Development and characterization of solid dispersion-based orodispersible tablets of cilnidipine
Authors: Mohana Murugesan , Vijayalakshmi Sankaranarayanan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundCilnidipine, a calcium channel blocker, is the first-line drug for hypertension and belongs to Biopharmaceutics Classification System II. To mitigate its extensive first-pass metabolism and improve patient compliance, the present study was performed to develop and characterize solid dispersion-based orodispersible tablets.ResultsThe phase solubility study with polyvinyl pyrrolidone 15% has shown a 140-fold increase in solubility. X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry studies emphasized the conversion of solid dispersion from crystalline to amorphous state. Solid dispersion 3 resulted in 142-fold improvement in solubility, 96% of drug content, and percentage drug release was 71.9% at 60 min. F11 containing crospovidone (10 mg) and sodium starch glycolate (16 mg) in combination at higher concentration as super-disintegrants showed the least disintegration time of 26.6 s. In vitro dissolution results are subjected to statistical analysis and found that the formulation (F11) has shown an increased dissolution rate (88.62% at 10 min), compared to the marketed formulation (83% at 60 min).ConclusionsSolid dispersion prepared by a solvent evaporation method using PVP as a carrier can be utilized for enhancing the solubility of cilnidipine. The incorporation of super-disintegrants in combination improves the dissolution rate of orodispersible tablets. Further, the study can be substantiated by performing stability and in vivo studies in the future.Graphical Abstract
Investigation of tensile and flexural properties of kenaf fiber-reinforced acrylonitrile butadiene styrene composites fabricated by fused deposition modeling
Authors: Han Syaza Najwa Mohd Farhan , Taha Mastura Mohammad , Mansor Muhd Ridzuan , Rahman Muhamad Arfauz A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEmployment of natural fiber for the filament of fused deposition modeling (FDM) can be found in numerous studies from different areas. However, the presence of fiber such as kenaf in polymer filament could cause mechanical properties degradation with regard to the fiber loading owing to low compatibility between natural fiber and polymer matrix. Therefore, this study aims to study the mechanical properties of three-dimensional (3D)-printed structures of composites specimens with varying volume percentages of kenaf fiber. From the tensile and flexural testings, the findings revealed decrements in the tensile strength and modulus of kenaf fiber-reinforced ABS (KRABS) composites from 0 to 5% contents of kenaf fiber which were 23.20 to 11.48 MPa and 328.17 to 184.48 MPa, respectively. The raising amount of kenaf fiber at 5 to 10% raised the tensile strength and modulus from 11.48 to 18.59 MPa and 184.48 to 275.58 MPa, respectively. Flexural strength and modulus of KRABS composites were decreased at to 5% from 40.56 to 26.48 MPa and 113.05 to 60 MPa, respectively. With further kenaf fiber addition from 5 to 10%, the flexural strength and modulus were increased from 26.48 to 32.64 MPa and 60 to 88.46 MPa, respectively. These results were supported by the finding from the morphological analysis, where the presence of porosity and fiber pull out implied the poor interfacial bonding between kenaf fiber and ABS matrix. This study has successfully demonstrated the tensile and flexural performances of different volume percentages of KRABS composites filament for FDM through experimental research.
African swine fever virus MGF505-3R inhibits cGAS-STING-mediated IFN-β pathway activation by degrading TBK1
Authors: Cheng Mingyang , Luo Jiawei , Duan Yuetong , Yang Yu , Shi Chunwei , Sun Yu , Lu Yiyuan , Wang Junhong , Li Xiaoxu , Wang Jianzhong , Wang Nan , Yang Wentao , Jiang Yanlong , Yang Guilian , Zeng Yan , Wang Chunfeng , Cao Xin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAfrican swine fever virus (ASFV) is an important pathogen causing acute infectious disease in domestic pigs and wild boars that seriously endangers the global swine industry. As ASFV is structurally complex and encodes a large number of functional proteins, no effective vaccine has been developed to date. Thus, dissecting the mechanisms of immune escape induced by ASFV proteins is crucial. A previous study showed that the ASFV-encoded protein is an important factor in host immunity. In this study, we identified a negative regulator, MGF505-3R, that significantly downregulated cGAS/STING- and poly (dG:dC)-mediated IFN-β and interferon stimulation response element (ISRE) reporter activity and suppressed IFNB1 and IFIT2 mRNA levels. In addition, TBK1, IRF3 and IκBα phosphorylation levels were also inhibited. Mechanistically, MGF505-3R interacted with cGAS/TBK1/IRF3 and targeted TBK1 for degradation, thereby disrupting the cGAS-STING-mediated IFN-β signaling pathway, which appears to be highly correlated with autophagy. Knockdown MGF505-3R expression enhanced IFN-β and IL-1β production. Taken together, our study revealed a negative regulatory mechanism involving the MGF505-3R-cGAS-STING axis and provided insights into an evasion strategy employed by ASFV that involves autophagy and innate signaling pathways.
Potential survival benefit and early recovery from organ dysfunction with polymyxin B hemoperfusion: perspectives from a real-world big data analysis and the supporting mechanisms of action
Authors: Shoji Hisataka , Ferrer Ricard 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Endotoxin (ET) removal therapy with polymyxin B-immobilized fiber column hemoperfusion (PMX-HP) has been used for the treatment of septic shock. Some observational studies reported clinical benefits, particularly in specific subgroups of patients. However, larger randomized controlled trial results have been disappointing.

Main body
The four studies that revealed the survival benefit of PMX-HP were based on the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination (DPC) national inpatient database (J-DPC study). Nevertheless, one J-DPC study and a randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted in France evaluated PMX-HP in patients with abdominal septic shock and did not report a significant survival benefit. In both studies, the severity of illness was too low to find substantial significant differences in mortality. The results of the J-DPC studies further suggest that some subpopulations of patients could benefit from PMX-HP. Based on these results, this review revisited prior RCTs and other large-scale studies on PMX-HP. In addition, four J-DPC studies and one large-scale study reported a survival benefit with PMX-HP. A secondary analysis of the EUPHRATES trial, the most recent double-blinded RCT of PMX-HP conducted in North America, suggested a survival benefit in patients with high levels of endotoxemia. In the J-DPC studies and the EUPHRATES trial, ventilator-free days, vasoactive drug-free days, and renal replacement-free days were significantly improved in the PMX-HP groups. These findings suggest that PMX-HP can contribute to early recovery from organ dysfunction. The reduction of supportive care likely provides important health and economic benefits for managing patients with septic shock. Finally, the blood levels of mediators or biomarkers related to respiratory, cardiovascular, and renal dysfunction have been reported to be normalized with PMX-HP.

Conclusions
These results support the biological rationale for the improvement in organ dysfunction observed in the J-DPC studies and other large-scale studies, including the EUPHRATES trial. Real-world evidence from large data sets suggests an appropriate patient population that are likely to benefit from the utility of PMX-HP for septic shock.