bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survival and prognostic factors in bullous pemphigoid: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Papara Cristian , Chiorean Roxana , Leucuta Daniel-Corneliu , Baican Corina , Danescu Sorina , Sitaru Cassian , Zillikens Detlef , Baican Adrian 
Published: October 2022

Background
Bullous pemphigoid is the most common subepidermal autoimmune blistering disease. Till now, the reported prognostic factors in bullous pemphigoid vary considerably.

Aims
The purpose of this study was to determine the overall survival rate and prognostic factors in bullous pemphigoid.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study on newly diagnosed bullous pemphigoid patients between July 2001 and November 2019 in a referral unit for autoimmune blistering skin diseases in Romania.

Results
One hundred forty-eight patients were included in the study. The Kaplan-Meier overall survival rates at 1, 3, 5 and 10 years were respectively 74.2% (95% confidence interval, 67.5-81.6%), 53.4% (45.7-62.2%), 43.6% (35.9-53%) and 31.3% (23.5-41.7%). The median follow-up among survivors was 48 months (interquartile range: 11-150). Ninety (60.8%) patients died during the follow-up period; of them, 38 (42.2%) had active disease at the time of death. Advanced age, neurological diseases, valvular heart disease, malignancies, use of statins, skin infections and extensive cutaneous involvement were linked to poorer outcomes, while the use of topical corticosteroids was associated with increased overall survival.

Limitations
This study lacks a control cohort to validate the obtained results. It was conducted in a retrospective manner in a single centre. In addition, indirect immunofluorescence microscopy was not performed in all patients.

Conclusion
Beyond ageing and neurological comorbidities, the prognosis of bullous pemphigoid patients was significantly influenced by the presence of skin infections, valvular heart disease, use of statins and extensive cutaneous involvement. Topical corticosteroid treatment was associated with increased survival in these patients.
Clinicodermoscopic and immunopathological profile of non-infectious non-eczematous inflammatory tattoo reactions: A retrospective study from a tertiary care centre of East India
Authors: Sethy Madhusmita , Behera Biswanath , Dash Siddhartha , Palit Aparna , Nayak Ashish Kumar , Ayyanar Pavithra 
Published: October 2022

Introduction
Tattoo-associated complications are on the rise due to the popularity of decorative tattoos in recent years. The exact pathogeneses of various tattoo reaction patterns are still unclear, and their dermoscopic details are sparsely reported.

Aim
We aimed to retrospectively study the clinical, dermoscopic and immunopathological details of patients with non-infectious, non-eczematous inflammatory tattoo reaction patterns in a tertiary care centre of East India.

Method
The clinical, dermoscopic and pathological details of all the patients who had non-infectious, non-eczematous inflammatory tattoo reactions were collected. In all the cases, immunohistochemistry was done for CD1a, CD3, CD4, CD8, FoxP3, CD20 and CD56.

Results
A total of five patients of skin phototypes IV and V and six tattoo reactions were analysed. Five lesions had reactions at the site of a black tattoo, and one at the site of red tattoo. Clinically, the patients presented with erythematous or blue-grey flat-topped to verrucous papules and plaques. Dermoscopic features were dominated by a central white to pink-white structureless area, a peripheral grey-white to bluish-white structureless area, white scales, comedo-like opening with keratotic plugging, milia-like cysts and shiny white structures. Pathologically, except for one lesion that only showed a lichenoid reaction pattern in the red tattoo, all had a combination of reaction patterns. Immunohistochemistry showed increased epidermal and dermal Langerhans cells, predominantly CD8 positive T cells in the epidermis and dermis, sparse dermal B cells and CD4 positive T cells, reduced T regulatory cells and a complete absence of CD56 positive NK cells.

Limitations
Small sample size was the limitation of the study.

Conclusion
The clinical morphology and dermoscopy may not differentiate between various types of non-infectious non-eczematous inflammatory tattoo reactions. The immunological profile supports a delayed hypersensitivity reaction due to contact sensitisation to tattoo pigment, and CD8 positive T cells play a central role in executing various pathological reaction patterns, both in the epidermis and dermis.
ASUHAN KEBIDANAN PADA BALITA GIZI KURANG DENGAN PEMBERIAN MAKANAN TAMBAHAN (PMT) BISKUIT TEPUNG SINGKONG DI PMB SITI JULEHA KOTA PEKANBARU
Authors: - RESTY ISLAMI , Yulrina Ardhiyanti  
Published: October 2022

Gizi kurang merupakan keadaan gizi seseorang dimana jumlah energi yang masuk lebih sedikit dari energi yang dikeluarkan. Jika gizi kurang terus berlanjut maka dapat menyebabkan status gizi buruk bahkan dapat menyebabkan kematian. Upaya bidan dalam perbaikan status gizi pada balita dengan melakukan konseling, penyuluhan rutin, penyebaran leaflet, pemasangan spanduk yang berhubungan dengan pemenuhan asupan nutrisi serta pemberian makanan tambahan sesuai kebutuhan. Dari studi pendahuluan di PMB Siti Juleha S.Tr.Keb terdapat 8 balita gizi kurang dengan keterbatasan ekonomi dan tidak mengkonsumsi PMT. Tujuan melakukan Asuhan Kebidanan pada Balita Gizi Kurang melalui PMT Biskuit Tepung Singkong secara menyeluruh dan berkesinambungan melalui pendekatan manajemen kebidanan dan mendokumentasikan asuhan yang telah diberikan. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi kasus pada Balita Gizi Kurang dengan Pemberian Makanan Tambahan Biskuit Tepung Singkong di PMB Siti Juleha dimulai pada tanggal 22 - 29 juli 2021. Hasil berat badan pada balita kunjungan pertama adalah 9,2kg, kunjungan kedua berat badan balita meningkat menjadi 9,45kg. Kesimpulan setelah memberikan PMT biskuit tepung singkong berat badan pada balita meningkat 0,25kg namun masih berada dalam status gizi kurang. Disarankan perlu adanya edukasi ibu dan balita dalam pemberian makanan yang bergizi dan pemberian makanan tambahan pada balita.

Kata kunci : Balita Gizi Kurang, PMT, Biskuit Tepung Singkong
Daftar bacaan : 17 (2010-2020)
GIVING DRAGON FRUIT TO PREGNANT MOTHERS, MILD ANEMIA AT THE PRIMARY SCOUT CLINIC YEAR 2021
Authors: Desti JURI DESTI , Miratu Megasari  
Published: October 2022

Anemia ibu hamil sering terjadi karena perubahan sistem kardiovaskuler yang menyebabkan hemodilusi sehingga berkurangnya kadar oksigen didalam darah. Salah satu alternatif untuk mencegah anemia pada ibu hamil dengan mengonsumsi buah-buahan yang kandungan zat besi dan vitamin C tinggi seperti buah naga yang diperlukan untuk mensintesis hemoglobin. Dari studi pendahuluan di klinik pratama pramuka terdapat 8 dari 15 ibu hamil yang memiliki kadar Hb < 11,5 gr/dl. Tujuan dari asuhan kebidanan pada ibu hamil anemia ringan yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh buah naga dalam meningkatkan kadar Hb. Metode yang digunakan yaitu studi kasus dengan melakukan asuhan kebidanan pada ibu hamil yang mengalami anemia ringan dengan konsumsi buah naga. Subjek penelitian yaitu 1 orang ibu hamil dengan anemia ringan yang dilaksanakan di Klinik Pratama Pramuka kota Pekanbaru dan dimulai asuhan pada tanggal 23 April 2021- 8 Mei 2021. Hasil asuhan kebidanan yang telah dilakukan terhadap Ny.S G3P2A0 umur 32 tahun usia kehamilan 21-22 minggu dengan anemia ringan pada kunjungan pertama kadar Hb 10,2 gr/dl dan setelah konsumsi buah naga kadar Hb meningkat menjadi 11,8 gr/dl. Evaluasi asuhan dengan melakukan konseling nutrisi makanan sebagai alternative dalam meningkatkan kadar hemoglobin dan membuat informasi-informasi kesehatan terkait anemia dalam bentuk planflet, banner serta meningkatkan minat ibu hamil untuk membaca buku KIA.

Ibu hamil, Anemia Ringan, Buah Naga
Daftar bacaan : 29 (2010-2020)
DETERMINAN KEPATUHAN PENGGUNAAN MASKER SEBAGAI UPAYA PENCEGAHAN COVID-19 DI RW 04 KELURAHAN PEMATANG REBA KECAMATAN RENGAT BARAT
Authors: Rani Avisya Mutia , Priwahyuni Yuyun , Rasyid Zulmeliza , Alamsyah Agus , Abidin Aldiga Rienarti 
Published: October 2022

Kepatuhan penggunaan masker adalah derajat seseorang yang mau mengikuti aturan yang telah diatur oleh organisasi dalam menggunakan masker untuk melindungi diri dari berbagai penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui determinan kepatuhan penggunaan masker sebagai upaya pencegahan COVID-19 di RW 04 Kelurahan Pematang Reba Kecamatan Rengat Barat. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Populasi sebanyak 328 responden dengan sampel berjumlah 120 responden menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di RW 04 Kelurahan Pematang Reba Kecamatan Rengat Barat Tahun 2021. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan proporsi tidak patuh dalam kepatuhan menggunakan masker sebagai upaya pencegahan COVID-19 sebesar 58,3%. Determinan yang ada hubungan dengan kepatuhan menggunakan masker sebagai upaya pencegahan COVID-19 adalah pengetahuan (p value=0,0001) dengan POR 95% CI 36,556 (10,223-130,715), sikap (p value=0,0001) dengan POR 95% CI 19,684 (7,223-53,642), motivasi (p value=0,0001) dengan POR 95% CI 23,5 (6,657-82,955), dan pendidikan (p value=0,0001) dengan POR 95% CI 9,837 (2,783-34,766). Disarankan kepada RW 04 Kelurahan Pematang Reba untuk memberikan sosialisasi kepada masyarakat dalam memberikan ilmu dan informasi terkait pentingnya patuh dalam penggunaan masker selama pandemi COVID-19.
Compliance with the use of masks is the degree of a person willing to follow the rules that have been set by the organization in using masks to protect themselves from various diseases. This study aimsto determine the determinant of compliance with the use of masks as an effort to prevent COVID-19 in RW 04 Pematang Reba Subdistrict, West Rengat. This type of research uses quantitative with cross sectional research design. The population of 328 respondents with a sample of 120 respondents using simple random sampling techniques. The location of study was conducted in RW 04 Pematang Reba Subdistrict West Rengat in 2021. The results of this sudy showed the proportion non-compliant of compliance using masks as an effort to prevent COVID-19 by 57.5%. The determinants related to compliance using masks as an effort to prevent COVID-19 are knowledge (p value=0,0001) with POR 95% CI 36,556 (10,223-130,715), attitude (p value=0,0001) with POR 95% CI 19,684 (7,223-53,642), motivation (p value=0,0001) with POR 95% CI 23,5 (6,657-82,955), and education (p value=0,0001) with POR 95% CI 9,837 (2,783-34,766). It is recommended to RW 04 Pematang Reba to provide socialization to the community in providing knowledge and information related to the importance of complying to use of masks during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Contribution à la connaissance de l'entomofaune d'un village famennien VI. Diplazontinae (Hymenoptera : Ichneumonidae)
Authors: LIBERT Pierre-Nicolas 
Published: October 2022

Cette sixième contribution à la connaissance de l'entomofaune d'un village de Famenne belge aborde le groupe des Diplazontinae (Hymenoptera : Ichneumonidae). Les données faunistiques de 31 espèces y sont détaillées. Une espèce, Diplazon parvus Klopfstein 2014, est citée pour la première fois de Belgique. Plusieurs espèces rares en Belgique sont redécouvertes : Bioblapsis polita (van Vollenhoven 1878), Campocraspedon caudatus (Thomson 1890), Diplazon neoalpinus Zwakhals 1979, Diplazon varicoxa (Thomson 1890), Homotropus longiventris Thomson 1890, Phthorima xanthaspis (Thomson 1890), Promethes nigriventris (Thomson 1890) et Xestopelta gracillima (Schmiedeknecht 1926). Une liste mise à jour des Diplazontinae de Belgique est présentée.
Tolak Ukur Pemenuhan Penguasaan Fisik Atas Tanah Melalui Surat Pernyataan Penguasaan Fisik Bidang Tanah
Authors: Zefanya Audry , Lukman Fransiscus Xaverius Arsin 
Published: October 2022

<p align="center">The purpose of this study is to analyze benchmarks and case studies regarding Supreme Court Decision 3044 K/Pdt/2020 to provide an explanation of the benchmarks for fulfilling physical ownership of land through a statement of ownership of land parcels. According to the general provisions of Indonesian agrarian law, each Indonesian community has the right and can occupy land individually (individually). Through the application of registration of land rights on the basis of land tenure. It is important that there is still a benchmark for the Fulfillment of Land Tenure through a Declaration of Physical Ownership of the Land. This research method is normative juridical. The results of the study show that the statement of ownership is a letter prepared by the applicant's acknowledgment of rights to prove the existence of land ownership rights. Proof of ownership of land rights Refers to written evidence that contains all the names of the right holders and then records successively the last right holder as recorded in the registration of the basic land rights of ownership.</p><br /><p>Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah guna menganalisis tolak ukur serta studi kasus mengenai Putusan Mahkamah Agung 3044 K/Pdt/2020 untuk memberikan penjelasan mengenai tolak ukur pemenuhan pemilikan fisik atas tanah melalui surat pernyataan kepemilikan bidang tanah. Menurut ketentuan umum hukum agraria Indonesia tiap masyarakat Indonesia adalah berhak dan bisa menduduki tanah secara individual (perorangan). Melalui adanya prosedur pendaftaran hak atas tanah dengan dasar penguasaan tanah. Penting guna tetap adanya suatu tolak ukur terhadap pemenuhan penguasaan fisik atas tanah melalui surat pernyataan penguasaan fisik bidang tanah. Metode Penelitian ini yakni yuridis normatif. Hasil Penelitian menunjukan bahwa surat pernyataan penguasaan secara fisik sebagai suatu surat yang disusun pemohon pengakuan hak untuk membuktikan adanya hak kepemilikan atas tanah. Bukti kepunyaan hak terhadap tanah merujuk pada bukti tertulis yang memuat nama pemegang hak dan kemudian setiap riwayat peralihannya berturut-turut sampai pemegang hak terakhir sebagaimana dibukukan dalam pendaftaran tanah menjadi dasar penentuan kepemilikan hak.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p>
PENGARUH TAX PLANNING, PROFITABILITAS, DAN LIKUIDITAS TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN DENGAN BOD DIVERSITY SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI
Authors: Nashar Muhammad , Tartilla Nilda , Wahyuni Rossa Putri, Wulan 
Published: October 2022

<p><em>This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of tax planning, profitability, and liquidity on firm value with board diversity as a moderating variable. The population in this study is manufacturing companies in the consumer goods industry sector listed on the IDX in 2014-2019. The sampling method used purposive sampling with a total final sample of 60 companies. The analytical technique used is Moderating Regression Analysis (MRA). The results of the analysis show that the independent variable, namely profitability, has an influence on firm value. Meanwhile, tax planning and liquidity have no effect on firm value. And board diversity cannot moderate the effect of tax planning, profitability, and liquidity on firm value.</em><em></em></p><p><em>Keywords: tax planning, profitability, liquidity, board diversity, firm value</em></p><p align="left"><em> </em></p>
KIRGIZ TÜRKÇESİ KUZEY AĞIZ GRUBU İLE ALTAY TÜRKÇESİ GÜNEY AĞIZ GRUBUNUN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: ÇELİK Fatih 
Published: October 2022

Bir dilin ya da lehçenin tarihte izlediği yolu, geçmişten bugüne gelişimini ve başka dil veya lehçelerle olan bağlarını ortaya koymak için uygulanan yöntemlerinden biri tarihî karşılaştırma yöntemidir. Bu yöntem ile ağızlar üzerine yapılacak olan karşılaştırma şüphesiz geçmişin saklı izini bulabilmek adına önemlidir. Ağızlar dillerin tarihî dönemlerini kendi içerisinde saklayarak bir dilin ya da lehçenin çıkış kaynağından günümüze kadar kurduğu bağları, bulunduğu coğrafyaları araştırmacıya gösterir.
Kırgızların binli yılların başından itibaren Yenisey’den Tanrı dağlarına göçmüş olmaları, Kırgız Türkçesi ve Altay Türkçesi arasında dil özellikleri bakımından ortak yönlerinin olması, Eski Türkçeden ortak söz varlığının ağırlıkta olması vb. sebeplerden dolayı her iki lehçe birbiriyle benzerlik göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada birbirine daha benzer olan Kırgız Türkçesi Kuzey grubu ağzı ile Altay Türkçesi Güney grubu ağzı karşılaştırılmıştır.
Çalışmada Kırgız Türkçesinin Kuzey grubu ağzı ile Altay Türkçesinin Güney grubu ağzı karşılaştırmalı gramer yöntemiyle ele alınmıştır. Karşılaştırma fonetik, morfolojik ve leksik unsurlar bakımdan yapılmıştır. Çalışma ağırlıklı olarak Kırgız Türkçesi Kuzey grubu ağzı ile Altay Türkçesi Güney grubu ağzı karşılaştırılması temelinde oluşturulsa da bunların yanı sıra diğer ağızlardan da örnekler verilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmanın sonucunda ele alınan Kırgız Türkçesi Kuzey grubu ağızları ile Altay Türkçesi Güney grubu ağızlarının diğer ağızlara göre birbirine daha yakın olduğu görülmüştür.
Analisis Keputusan Penggunaan Shopeepay Mahasiswa Manajemen Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jawa Timur
Authors: Lusiana Agnes , Ichsanuddin Dhani 
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh dari literasi keuangan, kualitas layanan, persepsi kemudahan penggunaan terhadap keputusan penggunaan Shopeepay. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Penelitian ini mengambil sampel dari mahasiswa Manajemen Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan ukuran sampel yang diambil 100 responden. Variabel penelitian ini menggunakan variabel independen yaitu Literasi Keuangan, Kualitas Layanan, Persepsi Kemudahan, dan variabel dependen yaitu Keputusan Penggunaan Shopeepay. Sedangkan teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah metode analisis PLS (Partial Least Square) dengan software SmartPLS. Hasil dari analisis yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa variabel literasi keuangan dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam meningkatkan keputusan penggunaan Shopeepay mahasiswa, variabel kualitas layanan juga dapat dikatakan memberikan kontribusi yang nyata dalam meningkatkan keputusan penggunaan Shopeepay mahasiswa. Selaras dengan variabel persepsi kemudahan penggunaan dapat memberikan kontribusi yang nyata dalam meningkatkan keputusan penggunaan Shopeepay mahasiswa
Facies and architectural analysis of Paleogen fluvial deposits of the measured section of Rambangnia and Air Napalan Rivers in Palembang Sub-basin
Authors: Daryono Sapto Kis , Prasetyadi Carolus , Paripurno Eko Teguh , Sutanto Sutanto , Faozi Aditya Zaenalfi 
Published: October 2022

Paleogene fluvial deposits have an important problem as pre-rift deposits, which occur before or at the same time as the formation of the basin. The research results on facies analysis and interpretation of the depositional environment of Paleogene deposits located in the Garba Hills will later explain and describe the history of the formation and stratigraphic evolution of sedimentary rocks in the South Sumatra Basin, reflected in the lithological and facies characteristics. The facies analysis was carried out on a stratigraphic cross-section with a thickness of ± 107.37 meters and ± 11.06 meters on the measurement path of the Rambangnia River and Air Napalan River, which are located in the Ogan Komering Ulu area, South Sumatra. Seven lithofacies developed on two measured paths are matrix supported gradded gravel (Gmg), gravel matrix supported Massive (Gmm), through cross-bedded (St), massive sandstone (Sm), horizontally bedded sandstones (Sh), parallel laminated siltstone and claystone (F1), massive siltstones and mudstones (Fsm). Asosiasi fasies didapatkan berupa Sedimentary Gravity Flow (SG), Gravel Bars (GB), Sandy Bedforms (SB), channel (CH), Overbank fine (FF). The interpretation of the depositional environment shows a fluvial environment, the type of braided river with a gravel braided rivers model with sedimentary gravity flows.Paleogene fluvial deposits have an important problem as pre-rift deposits, which occur before or at the same time as the formation of the basin. The research results on facies analysis and interpretation of the depositional environment of Paleogene deposits located in the Garba Hills will later explain and describe the history of the formation and stratigraphic evolution of sedimentary rocks in the South Sumatra Basin, reflected in the lithological and facies characteristics. The facies analysis was carried out on a stratigraphic cross-section with a thickness of ± 107.37 meters and ± 11.06 meters on the measurement path of the Rambangnia River and Air Napalan River, which are located in the Ogan Komering Ulu area, South Sumatra. Seven lithofacies developed on two measured paths are matrix supported gradded gravel (Gmg), gravel matrix supported Massive (Gmm), through cross-bedded (St), massive sandstone (Sm), horizontally bedded sandstones (Sh), parallel laminated siltstone and claystone (F1), massive siltstones and mudstones (Fsm). Asosiasi fasies didapatkan berupa Sedimentary Gravity Flow (SG), Gravel Bars (GB), Sandy Bedforms (SB), channel (CH), Overbank fine (FF). The interpretation of the depositional environment shows a fluvial environment, the type of braided river with a gravel braided rivers model with sedimentary gravity flows.
Mother, Maiden, Matron:
Authors: Abzakh Yaldar 
Published: October 2022

The origin of the Arthurian mythos has long engrossed scholars and enthusiasts alike for centuries, and, perhaps, no character has bewildered scholars more than Morgan le Fay. Throughout the many iterations of the Arthurian legend, Morgan le Fay has been characterized in incompatible ways; as both an ally and foe to King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table. In Sir Thomas Malory's Le Morte Darthur, this juxtaposed characterization is fully established as he characterizes Morgan le Fay as both King Arthur's chief antagonist as well as the figure who welcomes him into Avalon at the end of the text.
This essay serves to exam the origin of Morgan le Fay as a literary character and, by examining and understanding her influences, justify her conflciting and inconsistent portrayls in the Arthurian continuum, specifically within Malory's epic poem.
PENINGKATAN CREATIVE INTELEGENCY (KECERDASAN KREATIF) SISWA MELALUI METODE DISKUSI KELOMPOK PADA PEMBELAJARAN GEOGRAFI
Authors: Anggela Rika , Suherdiyanto Suherdiyanto , Rina Rina 
Published: October 2022

Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh informasi yang obyektif mengenai Peningkatkan Creative Intelegency (Kecerdasan Kreatif) Siswa melalui Metode Diskusi Kelompok pada Pembelajaran Geografi Di Kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Tanah Pinoh Kabupaten Melawi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas sedangkan bentuk penelitiannya adalah penelitian tindakan kolaboratif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X IPS2 sebanyak 32 siswa, dan objek penelitiannya adalah Creative Intelegency (Kecerdasan Kreatif) siswa kelas X IPS 2. Alat pengumpulan datanya yaitu lembar observasi, dokumentasi dan angket. Hasil penelitian diperoleh kesimpulan sebagai berikut: 1) Penerapan metode pembelajaran diskusi kelompok pa terlaksana dengan baik dan mencapai kriteria keberhasilan 2) Creative Intelegency (kecerdasan kreatif) siswa melalui penerapan metode diskusi kelompok dengan aspek berpikir lancar, berpikir luwes, berpikir orisinil dan berpikir elaboratif terdapat peningkatan dan mencapai kriteria keberhasilan yang telah ditetapkan pada siklus I yaitu setiap aspek tergolong dalam kategori cukup (C) kemudian meningkat pada siklus II dengan rentang rata-rata persentase yang diproleh yaitu setiap aspek tergolong dalam kategori baik (B), 3) hasil tanggapan siswa terhadap penerapan metode yang digunakan guru memproleh skor pada siklus I 56,22% dan terjadi peningkatan pada siklus II dengan skor 69,59% masuk pada kategori baik.