bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effective removal of methylene blue dye by a novel 4‐vinylpyridine‐co‐methacrylic acid cryogel: kinetic, isotherm, and breakthrough studies
Authors: Megbenu Harry Kwaku , Tauanov Zhandos , Daulbayev Chingis , Poulopoulos Stavros G. , Baimenov Alzhan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDIndustrial streams are the source of increasing amounts of textile dye pollution every year. Among the various adsorbents that have been tested for the removal of dyes, synthetic macroporous polymers are a promising choice due to their developed structure, the presence of active functional groups, and the possibility of regeneration and reuse for several cycles. In this work, a 4‐vinylpyridine‐co‐methacrylic acid based cryogel (4‐VP‐MAAc) was synthesized at ‐12 °C by the free‐radical polymerization technique, it was characterized using a set of complimentary methods, and then applied for the removal of methylene blue (MB) from water solutions.RESULTSThe adsorption of MB was enhanced at pH values higher than 7 due to the presence of anionic functional groups. The maximum equilibrium adsorption capacity achieved by 4‐VP‐MAAc was 703.6 mg/g at pH 8. Several kinetics, equilibrium, pH studies, and fixed‐bed column experiments were completed in ultra‐pure water to evaluate the performance and the mechanism of interaction of positively‐charged dye with the polymer. Among the kinetic models applied, the pseudo‐second order model best fit the experimental observations. The Langmuir model efficiently described the adsorption of MB onto the prepared cryogel, thus indicating monolayer adsorption. The ion exchange of the Na+ ions present in the structure of the cryogel with dye was found to be the main removal mechanism accompanied with a complexation reaction. No loss of adsorption capacity was observed in four successive adsorption/desorption cycles of 4‐VP‐MAAc use.CONCLUSIONThis is the first time that a 4‐vinylpyridine‐co‐methacrylic acid based cryogel has been synthesized and successfully applied to remove MB from water. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Extracellular vesicles engineered to bind albumin demonstrate extended circulation time and lymph node accumulation in mouse models
Authors: Liang Xiuming , Niu Zheyu , Galli Valentina , Howe Nathalie , Zhao Ying , Wiklander Oscar P. B. , Zheng Wenyi , Wiklander Rim Jawad , Corso Giulia , Davies Christopher , Hean Justin , Kyriakopoulou Eleni , Mamand Doste R. , Amin Risul , Nordin Joel Z. , Gupta Dhanu , Andaloussi Samir EL 
Published: July 2022

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) have shown promise as potential therapeutics for the treatment of various diseases. However, their rapid clearance after administration could be a limitation in certain therapeutic settings. To solve this, an engineering strategy is employed to decorate albumin onto the surface of the EVs through surface display of albumin binding domains (ABDs). ABDs were either included in the extracellular loops of select EV‐enriched tetraspanins (CD63, CD9 and CD81) or directly fused to the extracellular terminal of single transmembrane EV‐sorting domains, such as Lamp2B. These engineered EVs exert robust binding capacity to human serum albumins (HSA) in vitro and mouse serum albumins (MSA) after injection in mice. By binding to MSA, circulating time of EVs dramatically increases after different routes of injection in different strains of mice. Moreover, these engineered EVs show considerable lymph node (LN) and solid tumour accumulation, which can be utilized when using EVs for immunomodulation, cancer‐ and/or immunotherapy. The increased circulation time of EVs may also be important when combined with tissue‐specific targeting ligands and could provide significant benefit for their therapeutic use in a variety of disease indications.
Management of opioid use disorder and associated conditions among hospitalized adults: A Consensus Statement from the Society of Hospital Medicine
Authors: Calcaterra Susan L. , Martin Marlene , Bottner Richard , Englander Honora , Weinstein Zoe , Weimer Melissa B. , Lambert Eugene , Herzig Shoshana J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHospital‐based clinicians frequently care for patients with opioid withdrawal or opioid use disorder (OUD) and are well‐positioned to identify and initiate treatment for these patients. With rising numbers of hospitalizations related to opioid use and opioid‐related overdose, the Society of Hospital Medicine convened a working group to develop a Consensus Statement on the management of OUD and associated conditions among hospitalized adults. The guidance statement is intended for clinicians practicing medicine in the inpatient setting (e.g., hospitalists, primary care physicians, family physicians, advanced practice nurses, and physician assistants) and is intended to apply to hospitalized adults at risk for, or diagnosed with, OUD. To develop the Consensus Statement, the working group conducted a systematic review of relevant guidelines and composed a draft statement based on extracted recommendations. Next, the working group obtained feedback on the draft statement from external experts in addiction medicine, SHM members, professional societies, harm reduction organizations and advocacy groups, and peer reviewers. The iterative development process resulted in a final Consensus Statement consisting of 18 recommendations covering the following topics: (1) identification and treatment of OUD and opioid withdrawal, (2) perioperative and acute pain management in patients with OUD, and (3) methods to optimize care transitions at hospital discharge for patients with OUD. Most recommendations in the Consensus Statement were derived from guidelines based on observational studies and expert consensus. Due to the lack of rigorous evidence supporting key aspects of OUD‐related care, the working group identified important issues necessitating future research and exploration.
Climate change projection over Mainland Southeast Asia and the Lancang‐Mekong River basin based on a set of RegCM4 simulations
Authors: Fu Yuanhai , Gao Xuejie , Xu Ying , Giorgi Filippo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe investigate the projected climate change over Mainland Southeast Asia (also known as the Indochina Peninsula) and the Lancang‐Mekong River basin, a region with complex topography and unique weather and climate systems, but limited availability of published high‐resolution regional climate model (RCM) studies. The study is based on an unprecedented ensemble of 21st century projections with the RegCM4 RCM driven by five different general circulation models (GCMs) at a grid spacing of 25 km under the representative concentration pathways RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. We focus on mean temperature and precipitation in the dry season November–March (NDJFM), the wet season May–September (MJJAS), and the whole year. Intercomparison between the RegCM4 simulations with the driving GCMs is provided to illustrate the added value of the RegCM4 experiments. RegCM4 reproduces greater and more realistic spatial detail of the present day temperature and precipitation distribution compared to the driving GCMs, but some biases are found, such as an overestimation of precipitation over high topography regions. The spatial pattern of biases shows some consistencies across the GCMs and, for NDJFM the RegCM4, although weak correlation is found between the GCM and nested RegCM4 biases. A generally lower warming is projected in the future by the RegCM4 in different seasons and the whole year. For precipitation, while prevailing increases are found in the GCM projections, large areas of decrease occur in the RegCM ones, in particular during the wet season, possibly due to the more detailed topographical representation. The change patterns of precipitation show consistencies across the GCMs and the RegCM4, especially in MJJAS. The projected changes of extreme indices indicate a general decrease/increase of extreme cold/warm events. Drought events are projected to be more frequent over the southwestern, while a general increase of heavy rain events prevails over most parts of the region.
Rhoads Research Lecture—Reflections from a clinician scientist: The power of patient voice
Authors: Winkler Marion 
Published: July 2022

AbstractQualitative research is a scientific method that systematically examines a phenomenon with the purpose of understanding and describing human experiences, exploring meanings and patterns, and illuminating the patient's lived experience. The Rhoads Research Lecture will highlight the power of patient voice and its importance to clinicians and researchers in addressing key clinical needs that are most relevant to patients receiving nutrition support. The subjective experience of patients who are dependent on home parenteral nutrition (HPN) will be shared, including how patients view HPN, define their quality of life (QOL), and describe the meaning of food in the context of being intravenously fed. As a result of these exploratory studies, the HPN patient‐reported outcome questionnaire (HPN‐PROQ) was developed and validated. Incorporating the HPN‐PROQ in practice empowers patients to identify and communicate QOL and HPN therapy goals and clinicians to delve deeper in the provision of holistic and empathetic care.
Magnetic covalent‐organic frameworks‐based extraction followed by UHPLC‐MS/MS for determination and pharmacokinetic study of trace angoroside C in rat plasma after oral administration of Xuanbo Shuangsheng Granule
Authors: Cao Yiqing , Zhu Jinglin , Li Yang , Qin Yulin , Huang Taomin , Li Yan 
Published: July 2022

The composition of the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation is complex, while the content of each active ingredient is extremely low, which brings difficulties to the plasma concentration detection. In this study, the magnetic covalent‐organic frameworks were synthesized by a simple one‐step Schiff base reaction and applied for the specific extraction of trace angoroside C in rat plasma prior to ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry detection. The synthesized magnetic covalent‐organic frameworks have high magnetic responsiveness (35.67 emu·g–1), large surface area (110.9 m2·g–1), and strong stability. The as‐prepared material can quickly extract angoroside C from plasma with high extraction efficiency, be easily separated with a magnet afterward, and can be reused for at least five times. The established method was systematically validated showing good linearity (0.1–5 ng·ml–1), low limit of quantification (0.1 ng·ml–1), good accuracy (93.18–105.36%), and good precision (percentage relative standard deviation 3.60–10.90%). Finally, the method was used to the pharmacokinetic study of trace angoroside C in rats after oral administration of Xuanbo Shuangsheng Granule.
Does Combing O‐RADS US and CA‐125 Improve Diagnostic Accuracy in Assessing Adnexal Malignancy Risk in Women With Different Menopausal Status?
Authors: Wu Manli , Wang Qingjuan , Zhang Man , Cao Junyan , Chen Ying , Zheng Jian , Luo Liping , Su Manting , Lin Xin , Kuang Xiaohong , Zhang Xinling 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesTo evaluate the individual and combined performances of the Ovarian‐adnexal Reporting and Data System Ultrasound (O‐RADS US) and serum cancer antigen 125 (CA‐125) in assessing adnexal malignancy risk in women with different menopausal status.MethodsThis retrospective study included patients with adnexal masses scheduled for surgery based on their preoperative US and histopathology results between January 2018 and January 2020. O‐RADS were used to assess adnexal malignancy by two experienced radiologists. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) were used to compare the accuracy of O‐RADS and a combination of O‐RADS and CA‐125. The weighted κ index was used to evaluate the inter‐reviewer agreement.ResultsOverall, the data of 443 lesions in 443 patients were included, involving 312 benign lesions and 131 malignant lesions. There were 361 premenopausal and 82 postmenopausal patients. The inter‐reviewer agreement for the two radiologists was very good (weighted κ: 0.833). Combing O‐RADS US and CA‐125 significantly increased diagnostic accuracy for classifying malignant from benign adnexal masses, compared with O‐RADS US alone (AUC: 0.97 vs 0.95, P < .001 for premenopausal population and AUC: 0.93 vs 0.85, P < .001 for postmenopausal population). The AUCs of O‐RADS with and without CA‐125 ranged from 0.50 to 0.99 for different adnexal pathology subtypes (ie, benign, borderline, Stage I–IV, and metastatic tumors).ConclusionThe addition of CA‐125 helps improve discrimination of O‐RADS US between benign and malignant adnexal masses, especially in postmenopausal women.
Risk Factors for Poor Survival Outcomes in Parotid Metastatic Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Laxague Francisco , Dzioba Agnieszka , Jasani Dhruv , Warner Andrew , Palma David A. , Lang Pencilla , Venkatesan Varagur , Read Nancy , Nichols Anthony C. , Fung Kevin , Yoo John , Mendez Adrian , MacNeil S. Danielle 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveWe aimed to analyze risk factors associated with poor survival outcomes for metastatic cutaneous head‐and‐neck SCC to the parotid.MethodsAll patients undergoing surgery for metastatic cutaneous SCC to the parotid with curative intent between 2011 and 2018, were reviewed. Demographic and clinical characteristics were evaluated. Histopathological data including tumor size and histology, tumor grade, TNM stage, resection margins, lymphovascular invasion, and perineural invasion, were analyzed. Overall survival (OS), disease‐specific survival (DSS), and freedom from locoregional recurrence (LRR) were assessed.ResultsNinety patients were included (mean age, 77 years; 75 men [83.3%]). A total parotidectomy was performed in 48 patients (53.3%), and 42 (46.7%) underwent a superficial parotidectomy. Seventy patients (77.8%) underwent adjuvant RT. The median follow‐up was 31 months (20–39 months). Tumor volume ≥ 50 cm3 and a shorter RT duration (<20 days) were associated with reduced OS (p = 0.002 and p = 0.01, p = 0.02 and p = 0.009, respectively), and DSS (p = 0.004 and p = 0.02, p = 0.04 and p = 0.02, respectively) on univariable and multivariable analysis, respectively. Only a shorter RT duration was associated with worse freedom from LRR on univariable and multivariable analysis, (p = 0.04 and p < 0.001, respectively). However, with death as a competing risk, a shorter duration of RT was not significantly associated with freedom from LRR.ConclusionA shorter duration of adjuvant RT, and excised tumor volume ≥50 cm3 were predictive factors of reduced OS and DSS, and a shorter duration of RT was also associated with reduced freedom from LRR in patients with metastatic SCC to the parotid gland.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 133:1163–1168, 2023
Causes and consequences of recent degradation of the Magdalena River basin, Colombia
Authors: Salgado Jorge , Shurin Jonathan B. , Vélez María I. , Link Andrés , Lopera‐Congote Laura , González‐Arango Catalina , Jaramillo Fernando , Åhlén Imenne , de Luna Gabriela 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe Magdalena River in Colombia is one of the world's largest (discharge = 7100 m3 s−1) tropical rivers, hosting > 170 aquatic vertebrate species. However, concise synthesis of the current ecological and environmental status is lacking. By documenting the anthropogenic stressors impacting the river on time scales ranging from centuries to decades, we found that the river system is subject to the compounding impacts of climate change, river impoundment, invasive alien species (IAS), catchment deforestation, and water pollution. We show that the Magdalena is a woefully understudied ecosystem relative to its critical importance to Colombia's economy, culture, and biodiversity compared with other similarly sized tropical rivers. We emphasize the need for research on (1) IAS population and ecological dynamics, (2) river damming and its links with IAS and climate change, and (3) land‐use changes as well as identifying sources of water pollution and strategies for mitigation.
New Wide Bandgap Conjugated D‐A Copolymers Based on BDT or NDT Donor Unit and Anthra[1,2‐b:4,3,bʹ:6,7‐cʺ]trithiophene‐8‐12‐dione Acceptor for Fullerene‐Free Polymer Solar Cells
Authors: Keshtov Mukhamed L. , Konstantinov Igor O. , Khokhlov Alexie R. , Ostapov Ilya E. , Godovsky Dimitri Y. , Alekseev Vladimir G. , Zou Yingping , Singhal Rahul , Singh Manish Kumar , Sharma Ganesh D. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTwo donor–acceptor (D‐A) copolymers, P128 and P129, containing benzodithiophene (BDT) and naphthiodithiophene (NDT) donor unit, respectively, and the alike anthra[1,2‐b:4,3,bʹ:6,7‐cʺ] trithiophene‐8‐12‐dione(A3T) as an acceptor unit, are synthesized. The P129 (NDT donor) exhibits enhanced chain planarity and linearity of backbone compared to P128 (BDT donor), which leads to a considerable increase in both the light‐harvesting ability and hole mobility. In addition to it, the incorporation of the NDT unit creates a strong modification in the morphology with a well‐mixed interpenetrating nanofibrillar network with an increased donor–acceptor interface in the P129:Y6 bulk heterojunction active layer that leads to a high short‐circuit current density and fill factor. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the improved polymer solar cells based on P128:Y6 and P129:Y6 is 6.25% and 14.55%, respectively. The negative HOMO offset (−0.02 eV) at P128/Y6 interface restricts the hole transfer from Y6 to P128 and results in low value of short‐circuit current and thereby poor PCE. Finally, the ternary PSCs are constructed with a weight ratio of 0.5:0.5 between P128 and P129 and the weight component of Y6 is kept constant and the PSC attains a PCE of 16.19%. This increase in the PCE can be attributed to the formation of semiconducting alloy based on P128 and P129 donors and the transformation of HOMO offset from negative (−0.02 eV for Y6/P128) to positive (0.04 eV for Y6/P128:P129).
Stretchable Ionic Conductors for Soft Electronics
Authors: Niu Wenwen , Liu Xiaokong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWith the rapid development of soft electronics in the era of Internet of Everything (IoE), electrical conductors with stretchability, the indispensable components of soft electronics, have gained new opportunities and also faced increasing challenges. According to the principles of electrical conductivity, stretchable electrical conductors can be divided into electronic conductors and ionic conductors. Different from the stretchable electronic conductors derived from stretchable polymeric matrices integrated with electronically conductive fillers, stretchable ionic conductors are constructed by embedding mobile ions into the crosslinked polymer networks. Therefore, stretchable ionic conductors have received extensive attention and in‐depth research in the past decade, thanks to their intrinsic stretchability and electrical conductivity. This review systematically summarizes the achievements on the different categories of stretchable ionic conductors (e.g., hydrogels, ionogels, and liquid‐free ion‐conductive elastomers), in terms of their design, fabrication, properties, and applications. The advantages and limitations of the different types of stretchable ionic conductors are discussed. Outlooks are also provided to envision the remaining challenges for the further development and practical applications of stretchable ionic conductors. It is expected to arouse inspirations for the design and fabrication of new and high‐performance stretchable ionic conductors and advanced soft electronics for the IoE era.
Age Cutoff for Early‐Onset Parkinson's Disease: Recommendations from the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society Task Force on Early Onset Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Mehanna Raja , Smilowska Katarzyna , Fleisher Jori , Post Bart , Hatano Taku , Pimentel Piemonte Maria Elisa , Kumar Kishore Raj , McConvey Victor , Zhang Baorong , Tan Eng‐King , Savica Rodolfo ,   the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society Task Force on Early Onset Parkinson's Disease
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundEarly‐onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD)/young‐onset Parkinson's disease (YOPD) is defined as Parkinson's disease (PD) with an age at onset (AAO) after age 21 years but before the usual AAO for PD. Consensus is lacking, and the reported maximal age for EOPD/YOPD has varied from 40 to 60 years, leading to a lack of uniformity in published studies and difficulty in harmonization of data. EOPD and YOPD have both been used in the literature, somewhat interchangeably.ObjectiveTo define the nomenclature and AAO cutoff for EOPD/YOPD.MethodsAn extensive review of the literature and task force meetings were conducted. Conclusions were reached by consensus.ResultsFirst, the literature has seen a shift from the use of YOPD toward EOPD. This seems motivated by an attempt to avoid age‐related stigmatization of patients. Second, in defining EOPD, 56% of the countries use 50 or 51 years as the cutoff age. Third, the majority of international genetic studies in PD use an age cutoff of younger than 50 years to define EOPD. Fourth, many studies suggest that changes in the estrogen level can affect the predisposition to develop PD, making the average age at menopause of 50 years an important factor to consider when defining EOPD. Fifth, considering the differential impact of the AAO of PD on professional and social life, using 50 years as the upper cutoff for the definition of EOPD seems reasonable.ConclusionsThis task force recommends the use of EOPD rather than YOPD. It defines EOPD as PD with AAO after 21 years but before 50 years.
Depletion of d‐ and l‐asparagine in cerebrospinal fluid in acute lymphoblastic leukemia during PEGasparaginase therapy
Authors: Brigitha Leiah J. , Pieters Rob , Struys Eduard A. , Bakkali Abdellatif , van der Sluis Inge M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundl‐Asparaginase hydrolyzes l‐asparagine and not its enantiomer d‐asparagine. Unlike l‐asparagine, d‐asparagine is nonessential for the survival of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells. Studies showed that serum asparagine is depleted below 0.5 μM in ≥96% of the patients during pegylated Escherichia coli l‐asparaginase (PEGasparaginase) treatment; however, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) asparagine levels are depleted in only 20%–30% of the patients. Thus far, studies only reported the total CSF asparagine (sum of d‐ and l‐asparagine) concentrations. Data on the pharmacological goal, which is l‐asparagine depletion, are lacking.MethodTherefore, we studied this in 30 patients (95 samples) with newly diagnosed ALL. They received two doses of PEGasparaginase on day 4 and 18 in induction.ResultsMedian age at diagnosis was 5.7 years (range 1.5–17.1 years). d‐Asparagine and l‐asparagine concentrations (median (range)) before PEGasparaginase treatment were 0.038 (0.0–0.103) μM and 6.1 (1.82–11.5) μM, respectively. CSF l‐asparagine concentrations were reduced by 85% (76%–100%) and approximately one‐third of the patients (32%) had CSF l‐asparagine depletion below 0.5 μM 11 days after the second PEGasparaginase dose administration. CSF d‐asparagine and l‐glutamine levels remained stable before and after administration of PEGasparaginase. The percentage of d‐asparagine as a fraction of total asparagine (sum of d‐ and l‐asparagine) was 0.62% before and 4.5% after PEGasparaginase treatment. No correlation was found between higher serum PEGasparaginase activity and CSF l‐asparagine concentration.Conclusionl‐Asparagine is not a better parameter than total asparagine in CSF due to the negligible amount of d‐asparagine in the CSF before and after PEGasparaginase treatment.