bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender discrepancies in predictors for newly onset cardiovascular events and metabolic syndrome in elderly patients from rural China
Authors: Yu Shasha , Guo Xiaofan , Li GuangXiao , Yang Hongmei , Zheng Liqiang , Sun Yingxian 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveThe study aimed to estimate the possible predictors of cardiovascular events (CVEs) in elderly patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) from rural China. Moreover, we also attempted to find the potential risk factors for newly diagnosed MetS.MethodsThe Northeast China Rural Cardiovascular Health Study (NCRCHS) is a community-based prospective cohort study carried out in rural areas of northeast China. Approximately 1,059 elderly patients with MetS but no cardiovascular diseases and 1,565 elderly patients without MetS at baseline were enrolled in this study. They underwent a physical examination, completed a questionnaire in 2012–2013, and were followed up during 2015–2017. Cox proportional hazard analysis was conducted to assess the possible predictors of newly developed CVEs, and multivariate analysis was used to estimate the risk factors of newly diagnosed MetS.ResultsThe common predictors of newly developed CVEs in both men and women were family history of stroke (HR [hazard ratios] female: 1.696; HR male: 2.504) and soybean consumption (HR female: 0.253; HR male: 0.130). Moreover, minority race (HR: 0.109), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (HR: 1.021), current drinking habits (HR: 2.551), family history of hypertension (HR: 2.297), LDL-C (HR: 1.669), 5,000–20,000 CNY/year annual income (HR: 0.290), and strenuous physical activity (HR: 0.397) were predictors of CVEs only in male elderly patients. For newly diagnosed MetS, body mass index (OR female: 1.212; OR male: 1.207) and fasting blood glucose (OR female: 1.305; OR male: 1.217) were common risk factors in both genders, whereas age (OR:0.958) was a protective factor in men and &gt; 9-h/day sleep duration (OR:0.212) was a protective factor in women. In addition, SBP (OR:1.014) ≥4 times/day, bean consumption (OR:1.955), and uric acid (OR:1.005) increased the risk of MetS in men but not in women.ConclusionOur study identified many effective predictors of CVEs in rural elderly patients with MetS and confirmed the presence of a gender-based discrepancy. Moreover, we also identified additional risk factors, along with the traditional ones, for newly diagnosed MetS in rural elderly patients.
Response of a large deep-seated gravitational slope deformation to meteorological, seismic, and deglaciation drivers as measured by InSAR
Authors: Rabus Bernhard , Engelbrecht Jeanine , Clague John J. , Donati Davide , Stead Doug , Francioni Mirko 
Published: November 2022

We analyze the sensitivity of a large (area extent ∼3 km2), deep-seated gravitational slope deformation (Fels slide, Alaska Range) to three specific drivers: (i) liquid surface water input from ERA-5 reanalysis snow melt and rainfall; (ii) locally projected seismic activity of Alaskan earthquakes; and (iii) lowering of Fels Glacier at the slide toe estimated from topographic data. A surface displacement map-series is derived from 1991 to 2016 spaceborne multi-sensor InSAR data (ERS, RADARSAT-1/2, ALOS, TerraSAR-X) using adaptive demodulation to unwrap interferograms of variable spatial resolution and quality. On this series we use independent component analysis (ICA) to uncover five displacement patterns that map to independently moving domains of the slide and then correlate the corresponding temporal pattern intensities with the suspected drivers. We find significant sub-annual correlation between displacement pattern intensities and seasonal water input variations. The correlation can be optimized, for each ICA pattern, by choosing appropriate values of temporal smoothing and lag to create depth-propagated versions of the water input driver. Lag time results ranging from one to 3 weeks relate to shallower and deeper propagations of water input, driving the different deformation patterns. For two of the deformation patterns, seasonal sensitivity to water input was strongly amplified by the 2002 Mw7.9 Denali earthquake. Sensitivity of these patterns remained high for 4 years until abruptly dropping to below pre-earthquake values, which suggests a highly non-linear modulation by the seismic driver. Other deformation patterns show a steady intensity increase that appears linked to the deglaciation driver. Despite these observations, the inter-annual variations in ICA pattern intensities show no clear predictability by individual drivers or driver combinations. This suggests that the mechanical and hydraulic evolution of the slide, especially after damaging events such as earthquakes or heavy rainfall, is a crucial factor not adequately modeled in our approach. Despite this limitation, our analysis provides the first direct evidence that the Fels slide comprises several independently moving domains that respond differently to the suspected drivers as is suggestive of a complex slope deformation.
Earth system science applications of next-generation SEM-EDS automated mineral mapping
Authors: Han Shujun , Lӧhr Stefan C. , Abbott April N. , Baldermann Andre , Farkaš Juraj , McMahon William , Milliken Kitty L. , Rafiei Mehrnoush , Wheeler Cassandra , Owen Michael 
Published: November 2022

Sedimentary rocks contain a unique record of the evolution of the Earth system. Deciphering this record requires a robust understanding of the identity, origin, composition, and post-depositional history of individual constituents. Petrographic analysis informed by Scanning Electron Microscope - Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) mineral mapping can reveal the mineral identity, morphology and petrological context of each imaged grain, making it a valuable tool in the Earth Scientist’s analytical arsenal. Recent technological developments, including quantitative deconvolution of mixed-phase spectra (producing “mixels”), now allow rapid quantitative SEM-EDS-based analysis of a broad range of sedimentary rocks, including the previously troublesome fine-grained lithologies that comprise most of the sedimentary record. Here, we test the reliability and preferred mineral mapping work flow of a modern Field-Emission scanning electron microscope equipped with the Thermofisher Scientific Maps Mineralogy mineral mapping system, focusing on mud/siltstones and calcareous shales. We demonstrate that SEM-EDS mineral mapping that implements 1) a strict error minimization spectral matching approach and 2) spectral deconvolution to produce ‘mixels’ for mixed-phase X-ray volumes can robustly identify individual grains and produce quantitative mineralogical data sets comparable to conventional X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis (R2 &gt; 0.95). The correlation between SEM-EDS and XRD-derived mineralogy is influenced by mineral abundance, processing modes and mapped area characteristics. Minerals with higher abundance (&gt;10 wt%) show better correlation, likely the result of increased uncertainty for XRD quantification of low-abundance phases. Automated spectral deconvolution to produce ‘mixels’ greatly reduces the proportion of unclassified pixels, especially in the fine-grained fraction, ultimately improving mineral identification and quantification. Mapping of larger areas benefits bulk mineralogy analysis, while customized area size and shape allows high-resolution in situ mineralogical analysis. Finally, we review SEM-EDS-based mineral mapping applications in the Earth Sciences, via case studies illustrating 1) approaches for the quantitative differentiation of various mineral components including detrital (allogenic), syndepositional (authigenic) and burial diagenetic phases, 2) the origin and significance of lamination, 3) the effectiveness and appropriateness of sequential leaching in geochemical studies, and 4) the utility of mineral maps to identify target grains within specific petrological contexts for in situ geochemical or geochronological analysis.
Case report: A successful second autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in refractory systemic sclerosis, with positive effect on skin involvement, pulmonary function and microcirculation
Authors: Haverkort D.A. , Kersten B.E. , van Rhenen A. , van der Velden W.J.F.M. , Vonk M.C. 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation, vasculopathy and fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. Treatment with autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) for progressive SSc has improved overall and event-free survival rates significantly, but unfortunately disease progression after HCT is seen in a subset of patients. Data on the efficacy and safety of second HCT is scarce.CaseWe present a patient with diffuse cutaneous SSc and associated interstitial lung disease (ILD) who successfully underwent a second HCT for progressive disease five years after a first HCT. We describe changes in skin involvement and pulmonary involvement as well as the changes observed in sequential nailfold microcapillaroscopy (NCM), performed from first presentation up to this moment.ConclusionThis case adds to the current limited literature on efficacy and safety of a second HCT in SSc refractory cases. Furthermore it outlines the potential of HCT on amelioration of microvasculopathy in SSc.
Nasal administration of anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody modulates effector CD8+ T cell function and induces a regulatory response in T cells in human subjects
Authors: Chitnis Tanuja , Kaskow Belinda J. , Case Junning , Hanus Katherine , Li Zhenhua , Varghese Johnna F. , Healy Brian C. , Gauthier Christian , Saraceno Taylor J. , Saxena Shrishti , Lokhande Hrishikesh , Moreira Thais G. , Zurawski Jonathan , Roditi Rachel E. , Bergmark Regan W. , Giovannoni Federico , Torti Maria F. , Li Zhaorong , Quintana Francisco , Clementi William A. , Shailubhai Kunwar , Weiner Howard L. , Baecher-Allan Clare M. 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundParenteral anti-CD3 Mab (OKT3) has been used to treat transplant rejection and parental administration of a humanized anti-CD3 Mab (Teplizumab) showed positive effects in diabetes. Nasal administration of anti-CD3 Mab has not been carried out in humans. Nasal anti-CD3 Mab suppresses autoimmune diseases and central nervous system (CNS) inflammation in animal models. We investigated the safety and immune effects of a fully humanized, previously uncharacterized nasal anti-CD3 Mab (Foralumab) in humans and its in vitro stimulatory properties.MethodsIn vitro, Foralumab were compared to UCHT1 anti-human CD3 mAb. For human administration, 27 healthy volunteers (9 per group) received nasal Foralumab or placebo at a dose of 10ug, 50ug, or 250ug daily for 5 days. Safety was assessed and immune parameters measured on day 1 (pre-treatment), 7, 14, and 30 by FACS and by scRNAseq.ResultsIn vitro, Foralumab preferentially induced CD8+ T cell stimulation, reduced CD4+ T cell proliferation and lowered expression of IFNg, IL-17 and TNFa. Foralumab induced LAP, TIGIT, and KLRG1 immune checkpoint molecules on CD8+ and CD4+ T cells in a mechanism independent of CD8 T cells. In vivo, nasal Foralumab did not modulate CD3 from the T cell surface at any dose. Immune effects were primarily observed at the 50ug dose and consisted of reduction of CD8+ effector memory cells, an increase in naive CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, and reduced CD8+ T cell granzyme B and perforin expression. Differentially expressed genes observed by scRNAseq in CD8+ and CD4+ populations promoted survival and were anti-inflammatory. In the CD8+ TEMRA population there was induction of TIGIT, TGFB1 and KIR3DL2, indicative of a regulatory phenotype. In the memory CD4+ population, there was induction of CTLA4, KLRG1, and TGFB whereas there was an induction of TGF-B1 in naïve CD4+ T cells. In monocytes, there was induction of genes (HLA-DP, HLA-DQ) that promote a less inflammatory immune response. No side effects were observed, and no subjects developed human anti-mouse antibodies.ConclusionThese findings demonstrate that nasal Foralumab is safe and immunologically active in humans and presents a new avenue for the treatment of autoimmune and CNS diseases.
Case report: High-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma with adrenal glands metastases: An unreported site of metastasis
Authors: Zhang Tao , Feng Run-lin , Yin Si-fan , Feng Wen-bo , Yin Zhi-yuan , Wang Hao , Ke Chang-Xing 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundEndometrial stromal sarcoma is a relatively rare malignant tumor that derives from the malignant transformation of primitive uterine mesenchymal cells. It can lead to distant metastases. High-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma is extremely rare. The adrenal glands are an unreported site of metastasis.Case summaryA 71-year-old woman with a diagnosis of endometrial stromal sarcoma 30 months ago. After receiving treatment with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the patient was kept asymptomatic during the follow-up until 2 years later, when she complained of dyspnea. Pulmonary and right adrenal gland metastases were detected by 18F-FDG PET/CT. The right upper lobe mass was diagnosed as a high-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma metastasis after postoperative pathology. Due to the patient’s high risk of surgery, as she had many underlying diseases, we performed adequate preoperative preparation. The physical examination revealed that a hard mass was palpable in the right renal area. The right adrenal mass was resected in our hospital. Immunohistochemistry showed ER (-), PR (-), CD10 (+), P16 (+), Ki-67 (50%). The final diagnosis on pathological examination was a high-grade ESS metastatic to the right adrenal gland. The patient continued treatment in other hospitals after surgical resection. After four months of postoperative follow-up, metastasis was detected again during a PET/CT examination at an outside hospital.ConclusionEndometrial stromal sarcoma is rare, and the adrenal glands are an unreported site of metastasis. It has no specific clinical symptoms and mainly found for other reasons. The diagnosis still depends on pathology and immunohistochemistry. If there is no relevant past history, it is difficult to exclude a primary adrenal tumor.
Development and validation of a radiomic nomogram based on pretherapy dual-energy CT for distinguishing adenocarcinoma from squamous cell carcinoma of the lung
Authors: Chen Zhiyong , Yi Li , Peng Zhiwei , Zhou Jianzhong , Zhang Zhaotao , Tao Yahong , Lin Ze , He Anjing , Jin Mengni , Zuo Minjing 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveBased on pretherapy dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) images, we developed and validated a nomogram combined with clinical parameters and radiomic features to predict the pathologic subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) — adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).MethodsA total of 129 pathologically confirmed NSCLC patients treated at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from October 2017 to October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were randomly divided in a ratio of 7:3 (n=90) into training and validation cohorts (n=39). Patients’ pretherapy clinical parameters were recorded. Radiomics features of the primary lesion were extracted from two sets of monoenergetic images (40 keV and 100 keV) in arterial phases (AP) and venous phases (VP). Features were selected successively through the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was then performed to establish predictive models. The prediction performance between models was evaluated and compared using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, DeLong test, and Akaike information criterion (AIC). A nomogram was developed based on the model with the best predictive performance to evaluate its calibration and clinical utility.ResultsA total of 87 ADC and 42 SCC patients were enrolled in this study. Among the five constructed models, the integrative model (AUC: Model 4 = 0.92, Model 5 = 0.93) combining clinical parameters and radiomic features had a higher AUC than the individual clinical models or radiomic models (AUC: Model 1 = 0.84, Model 2 = 0.79, Model 3 = 0.84). The combined clinical-venous phase radiomics model had the best predictive performance, goodness of fit, and parsimony; the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the training and validation cohorts was 0.93 and 0.90, respectively, and the AIC value was 60.16. Then, this model was visualized as a nomogram. The calibration curves demonstrated it’s good calibration, and decision curve analysis (DCA) proved its clinical utility.ConclusionThe combined clinical-radiomics model based on pretherapy DECT showed good performance in distinguishing ADC and SCC of the lung. The nomogram constructed based on the best-performing combined clinical-venous phase radiomics model provides a relatively accurate, convenient and noninvasive method for predicting the pathological subtypes of ADC and SCC in NSCLC.
Better vertebrae remodeling in pediatric spinal eosinophilic granuloma patients treated with kyphoplasty and short-term posterior instrumentation: A minimal two-year follow-up with historical controls
Authors: Zheng Yiming , Zhang Zhiqiang , Wang Dahui 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveTo assess the validity and safety of kyphoplasty combined with short-term posterior instrumentation to treat children with vertebrae plana due to eosinophilic granuloma (EG).Patients and MethodsClinical data of EG patients, who received kyphoplasty and short-term instrumentation from March 2019 to March 2020, were retrospectively reviewed. The recovery of diseased vertebrae was assessed and compared with historical case data.ResultsNine patients with EG had received kyphoplasty and short-term posterior instrumentation. The mean age at initial treatment was 66.7 months old (range, 28–132 months). The average number of follow-up months was 26.7. (range, 24–30 months).Four and 5 cases presented with thoracic and lumbar vertebral destruction, respectively. Under Garg's classification, 7 and 2 cases were classified as Grade IIA and IIB, respectively. The average diseased vertebral heights at 1-year and 2-year after surgery were significantly higher than the preoperative heights. The average percentages of diseased vertebral heights to references at 1-year and 2-year after surgery were 72.0% and 86.0%, respectively. The average percentage of diseased vertebral heights to the references at 2-year after surgery was significantly higher than that of the historical cases at the same time. No minor or major adverse events were observed.ConclusionsTranspedicular balloon kyphoplasty for the direct restoration of vertebrae plana seems feasible and safe in combination with short-term posterior instrumentation. Better short-time vertebrae remodeling was observed 2 years after surgery. Active surgical treatment is suggested for children who have vertebrae plana as a result of EG in order to maintain the ability to recover vertebral height.
Doxycycline attenuates l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia through an anti-inflammatory effect in a hemiparkinsonian mouse model
Authors: dos Santos Pereira Maurício , Nascimento Glauce Crivelaro do , Bortolanza Mariza , Michel Patrick Pierre , Raisman-Vozari Rita , Del Bel Elaine 
Published: November 2022

The pharmacological manipulation of neuroinflammation appears to be a promising strategy to alleviate l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Doxycycline (Doxy), a semisynthetic brain-penetrant tetracycline antibiotic having interesting anti-inflammatory properties, we addressed the possibility that this compound could resolve LID in l-DOPA-treated C57BL/6 mice presenting either moderate or intermediate lesions of the mesostriatal dopaminergic pathway generated by intrastriatal injections of 6-OHDA. Doxy, when given subcutaneously before l-DOPA at doses of 20 mg kg−1 and 40 mg kg−1, led to significant LID reduction in mice with moderate and intermediate dopaminergic lesions, respectively. Importantly, Doxy did not reduce locomotor activity improved by l-DOPA. To address the molecular mechanism of Doxy, we sacrificed mice with mild lesions 1) to perform the immunodetection of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and Fos-B and 2) to evaluate a panel of inflammation markers in the striatum, such as cyclooxygenase-2 and its downstream product Prostaglandin E2 along with the cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6. TH-immunodetection revealed that vehicle and Doxy-treated mice had similar striatal lesions, excluding that LID improvement by Doxy could result from neurorestorative effects. Importantly, LID inhibition by Doxy was associated with decreased Fos-B and COX-2 expression and reduced levels of PGE2, TNF-α, and IL-1β in the dorsolateral striatum of dyskinetic mice. We conclude 1) that Doxy has the potential to prevent LID regardless of the intensity of dopaminergic lesioning and 2) that the anti-inflammatory effects of Doxy probably account for LID attenuation. Overall, the present results further indicate that Doxy might represent an attractive and alternative treatment for LID in PD.
Bibliometric analysis of functional dyspepsia research trends over the past 20 years
Authors: Wang Xinai , Liu Hao , Li Wenjing , Xiao Hongling 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundFunctional dyspepsia is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders that affects the physical health and quality of life of many people. Its status as a chronic disease has received continued attention in the field of gastrointestinal research.ObjectiveBibliometric methods using network analysis were used to identify developments and research trends in functional dyspepsia with a view to informing and orienting further in-depth research on functional dyspepsia.MethodBibliometric methods were used to analyze the documents on functional dyspepsia published from 2002 to 2022 retrieved from Web of Science Core Collection on 1 July 2022, import literature data into Excel and VOSviewer, and extract relevant information to analyze and visualize the annual number of publications, authors, organizations, countries, journals published, citations, and keywords.ResultsA total of 3,532 documents were retrieved, and the abstracts of each remaining documents were read one by one after four duplicate documents were removed, and 2,220 documents were included after screening, with a fluctuating growth trend. Tack J ranked first with 171 documents, followed by Talley NJ (n = 167). The top three organizations in terms of number of publications were Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (n = 131), Mayo Clinic (n = 127), and the University of Newcastle (n = 91). The most prolific country was the United States with 499 documents. The three journals with the highest number of publications are “Neurogastroenterology and Motility” (n = 218), “Alimentary pharmacology &amp; therapeutics” (n = 101), and “Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology” (n = 90). The top three most cited documents were “Functional gastroduodenal disorders,” “Childhood Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: Child/Adolescent,” and “The Serotonin Signaling System: From Basic Understanding to Drug Development for Functional GI Disorders.” Frequency counts and network co-occurrences of keywords reveal trends in this field, including “gastric emptying,” “anxiety,” “acupuncture,” and “ghrelin.”ConclusionThe study of the mechanism of gut–brain interaction in functional dyspepsia and the combination of non-pharmacological treatment and pharmacological treatment may be the future research hotspots and trends. Our findings are helpful to comprehensively review the research history of FD and provide reference for researchers in this field to further study.