bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Удосконалена методика визначення ймовірності досягнення потрібного ефекту координації вогневого ураження противника в операції
Authors: Слісар П. 
Published: November 2022

Проблемним питанням у роботі органів військового управління (ОВУ) під час координації вогневого ураження противника (ВУП) в операції є якісна підготовка пропозицій для прийняття рішення на здійснення вогневого впливу по об’єктах противника. Це обумовлене тим, що комплексне ВУП в операції здійснюється відповідно до визначеної мети і вимагає обов’язкового досягнення певного ефекту.
Метою статті є удосконалення методики раціонального варіанту досягнення потрібного ефекту координації ВУП в операції, що дозволить провести розрахунки якісних характеристик виконання завдань ОВУ під час координації ВУП в операції.
Для математичного опису процесу досягнення потрібного ефекту координації ВУП в операціїнеобхідно:
визначити цільову функцію;
врахуватиперелік обмежень,що дозволить дослідити стан системи відповідно до обстановки, що склалася на певний період часу, а саме визначеної мети та поставлених завдань на здійснення ВУП;
з’ясувати наявність сил і засобів дальнього вогневого впливу та надійно розвіданих об’єктів противника.
Методика визначення імовірності досягнення потрібного ефекту під час координації ВУП в операціїпредставлена у вигляді блок-схеми. Суть методики полягає в розробленій технології знаходження співвідношення математичного сподівання середньої кількості об’єктів противника, вогневий вплив по яким відповідає досягненню поставленої мети. Удосконалена методика визначення імовірності досягнення потрібного ефекту може бути використана в практиці роботи ОВУ угруповань військ (сил) різних рівнів для якісної підготовки пропозицій командувачу (начальнику штаба) на здійснення координації ВУП в операції.
Аналіз нормативно-правової бази системи стратегічного планування в Міністерстві оборони України та Збройних Силах України
Authors: Ворович Б. 
Published: November 2022

Основні законодавчі акти України, щодо стратегічного та оборонного планування в Міністерстві оборони України та Збройних Силах України, вимагають досягнення визначених цілей реалізації державної політики у воєнній сфері, сфері оборони і військового будівництва, враховуючи фундаментальні національні інтереси, визначені Конституцією України та іншими законами України.
Метою статті є систематизація вітчизняного досвіду стратегічного планування в МО України та ЗС України і визначення напрямів подальшого удосконалення системи нормативно-правового забезпечення реформування та розвитку ЗС України.
Для удосконалення стратегічного планування в МО України та ЗС України пропонується врахувати (нівелювати) наведені нижче фактори, які негативно впливають на процес нормотворчості в МО України і ЗС України:
гальмування процесів нормотворчості і систематизації через велику кількість чинних нормативно-правових актів та значну застарілість їхніх норм;
дублювання одних і тих самих норм права в різних нормативно-правових актах;
допущення прогалин навіть в межах одного нормативного правового акту;
відсутність правового механізму реалізації матеріальних норм права та їх ресурсного забезпечення;
встановлення необґрунтованих коротких строків на розробку нормативно-правових актів через значний брак часу у відповідальних виконавців;
відсутність наукового супроводження;
випадки незареєстрованих належним чином нормативно-правових актів;
випадки розповсюдження “наказного” підходу до розробки і внесення змін до нормативно-правових актів.
Experiencias formativas y plataformas virtuales en la enseñanza del idioma inglés en la educación superior
Authors: Castillo Niama Mónica Paulina , Tapia Salinas Jaime Alberto , Asqui Luna Jessica Elizabeth , Damián Tixi Deysi Lucía 
Published: November 2022

Introducción: El presente estudio parte de la problemática de la formación docente, fundamentada en la necesidad de que los profesores adquieran habilidades específicas para esto y conseguir una acción de formación educativa eficiente, como también a qué medida el uso de una Plataforma virtual influye en la mejora de las capacidades de Producción oral y escrita en el área de inglés de los estudiantes del Segundo Idiomas paralelo 1 y 2 de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo. Objetivos: Por lo tanto, se plantea como objetivo la descripción del conocimiento de herramientas y beneficios de las plataformas Virtuales, para el desarrollo de actitudes. Metodología: Como metodología se analiza el problema de investigación se aborda desde un enfoque cuantitativo, el cual refleja la necesidad de medir y predecir magnitudes de los fenómenos o problemas de investigación, tomando como muestra a 62 estudiantes de Idioma I de los paralelos 1 y 2 como resultados se obtuvo que el 99,38% se muestra con una actitud positiva y en disposición de emplear las plataformas virtuales. Resultados: En consecuencia, se considera la importancia de implementar como herramientas didácticas, las Plataformas Virtuales para la enseñanza y aprendizaje del idioma inglés, el uso de plataformas e-learning y b-learning, son potenciales candidatos para implementación. Conclusiones: Las experiencias formativas de los investigadores que fueron analizadas son también potenciales ejemplos para llegar a implementar una plataforma Virtual para los estudiantes del Segundo Idiomas Paralelos 1 y 2. Área de estudio o rama de la ciencia: educación.
Skeletal and Extra-Ekeletal Effects of Vitamin D Deficiency in Children
Authors: Begum Suraiya , Biswash Dhiraj Chandra 
Published: November 2022

Vitamin D is essential for the maintenance of calcium and phosphorus homeostasis. It has skeletal growth and extra-skeletal effects in our body. Objective of this article is to update the information on skeletal and extra-skeletal effects of vitamin D deficiency in paediatric clinical disorders. In the paediatric population, vitamin D deficiency is associated with different clinical diseases such as rickets, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, respiratory tract infections, asthma, and autoimmune diseases. It is associated with prematurity, obesity, malabsorption, anticonvulsant agents, extreme latitudes, low consumption, and little sun exposure. The recommendation is to prevent vitamin D deficiency and to maintain 25(OH) D serum levels >30ng/mL (>75 nmol/L).
Bangladesh Med J. 2021 Sept; 50(3): 36-43
The diagnostic value of salivary cortisol and salivary cortisone in patients with suspected hypercortisolism
Authors: Berndt Vendela , Dahlqvist Per , de Verdier Jennie , Ryberg Henrik , Ragnarsson Oskar 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundDiagnosing endogenous hypercortisolism remains a challenge, partly due to a lack of biochemical tests with good diagnostic accuracy.ObjectivesTo evaluate the diagnostic value of salivary cortisol and cortisone in patients with suspected hypercortisolism.MethodsRetrospective study including 155 patients with adrenal incidentaloma, and 54 patients with suspected Cushing´s syndrome (CS). Salivary samples were collected at home, at 11 p.m., and at 8 a.m. following an over-night dexamethasone suppression test (DST). Salivary cortisol and cortisone were measured with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.ResultsTen of 155 patients with adrenal incidentaloma were considered to have autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS). Using previously established cut-offs, all patients with ACS had elevated plasma-cortisol (&gt;50 nmol/L) following DST, 9/10 had elevated late-night salivary cortisone (&gt;15 nmol/L) whereas only 4/10 had elevated late-night salivary cortisol (LNSC; &gt;3 nmol/L) compared to 35%, 9% and 8%, respectively, of the 145 patients with non-functioning adrenal incidentaloma. Six (60%) patents with ACS had elevated salivary cortisol and cortisone at 8 a.m. following DST compared to 9% and 8%, respectively, of patients with non-functioning adrenal incidentaloma. One of 6 patients with overt CS had a normal LNSC and one had normal late-night salivary cortisone, while all had increased salivary cortisol and cortisone following DST.ConclusionLNSC is not sufficiently sensitive or specific to be used for screening patients with suspected hypercortisolism. Instead, late-night salivary cortisone seems to be a promising alternative in patients with adrenal incidentaloma and salivary cortisone at 8 a.m. following DST in patients with suspected CS. Larger studies are needed to confirm these findings.
LASSO-based machine learning models for the prediction of central lymph node metastasis in clinically negative patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Feng Jia-Wei , Ye Jing , Qi Gao-Feng , Hong Li-Zhao , Wang Fei , Liu Sheng-Yong , Jiang Yong 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundThe presence of central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) is crucial for surgical decision-making in clinical N0 (cN0) papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients. We aimed to develop and validate machine learning (ML) algorithms-based models for predicting the risk of CLNM in cN0 patients.MethodsA total of 1099 PTC patients with cN0 central neck from July 2019 to March 2022 at our institution were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were randomly split into the training dataset (70%) and the validation dataset (30%). Eight ML algorithms, including the Logistic Regression, Gradient Boosting Machine, Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), Random Forest (RF), Decision Tree, Neural Network, Support Vector Machine and Bayesian Network were used to evaluate the risk of CLNM. The performance of ML models was evaluated by the area under curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and decision curve analysis (DCA).ResultsWe firstly used the LASSO Logistic regression method to select the most relevant factors for predicting CLNM. The AUC of XGB was slightly higher than RF (0.907 and 0.902, respectively). According to DCA, RF model significantly outperformed XGB model at most threshold points and was therefore used to develop the predictive model. The diagnostic performance of RF algorithm was dependent on the following nine top-rank variables: size, margin, extrathyroidal extension, sex, echogenic foci, shape, number, lateral lymph node metastasis and chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis.ConclusionBy incorporating clinicopathological and sonographic characteristics, we developed ML-based models, suggesting that this non-invasive method can be applied to facilitate individualized prediction of occult CLNM in cN0 central neck PTC patients.
The anticancer effects of Metformin in the male germ tumor SEM-1 cell line are mediated by HMGA1
Authors: Salatino Alessandro , Mirabelli Maria , Chiefari Eusebio , Greco Marta , Di Vito Anna , Bonapace Giuseppe , Brunetti Francesco S. , Crocerossa Fabio , Epstein Alan L. , Foti Daniela P. , Brunetti Antonio 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionGerm cell tumors (GCTs) are the most common type of cancer in young men. These tumors usually originate from the testis, but they can occasionally develop from extragonadal sites probably due to primordial germ cells (PGCs) migration errors. Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is usually effective for male GCTs, but the risk of toxicity is high and new therapeutic strategies are needed. Although Metformin (Met) has been widely studied as a potential cancer treatment over the past decades, there is limited evidence to support its use in treating male GCTs. Additionally, the mechanism by which it acts on tumor cells is still not entirely understood.MethodsSEM-1 cells, a newly established human cell line of extragonadal origin, were treated with Met. Cell viability was studied by MTT assay, while cell migration and invasion were studied by the wound healing assay and the transwell assay, respectively. The effect of Met on 3D spheroid formation was determined by seeding SEM-1 cells in appropriate cell suspension culture conditions, and cell cycle was characterized by flow cytometry. Factors involved in PGCs migration and GCT invasion, such as IGFBP1, IGF1R, MMP-11 and c-Kit, together with cyclin D1 (a key regulator of cell cycle progression), and the upstream factor, HMGA1, were determined by immunoblots.ResultsTreatment of SEM-1 cells with Met resulted in a potent and dose-dependent reduction of cell proliferation, as evidenced by decreased nuclear abundance of cyclin D1 and cell cycle arrest in G1 phase. Also, Met prevented the formation of 3D spheroids, and blocked cell migration and invasion by reducing the expression of IGFBP1, IGF1R and MMP-11. Both, IGFBP1 and MMP-11 are under control of HMGA1, a chromatin-associated protein that is involved in the regulation of important oncogenic, metabolic and embryological processes. Intriguingly, an early reduction in the nuclear abundance of HMGA1 occurred in SEM-1 cells treated with Met.ConclusionsOur results document the antiproliferative and antimigratory effects of Met in SEM-1 cells, providing new insights into the potential treatments for male GCTs. The anticancer properties of Met in SEM-1 cells are likely related to its ability to interfere with HMGA1 and downstream targets, including cyclin D1, the IGFs system, and MMP-11.
Efficacy of low-dose hCG on FET cycle in patients with recurrent implantation failure
Authors: Zhai Xinyu , Shu Mingming , Guo Yiming , Yao Shun , Wang Yiran , Han Shujie , Song Chunlan , Chuai Yunhai , Wang Qihang , Ma Fu , Chen Fu , Zhou Ming , Shang Wei 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveTo study patients’ new treatment methods and mechanisms of repeated implantation failure.DesignA retrospective study.SettingIn vitro fertilization (IVF) unit in a Three-A hospital.Patient(s)Ninety-three patients with repeated implantation failure in IVF and embryo transfer.Intervention(s)the luteal phase support.Main outcome measure(s)According to whether human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG) was added, the two groups were divided into an observation group and a control group, and the clinical outcomes of the two groups were compared. Furthermore, 20 patients were selected for whole exome sequencing to investigate the mechanism.ResultsThe observation group’s clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate were significantly higher than those in the control group (P=0.004). Functional enrichment analysis showed that these genes were significantly enriched in embryo implantation or endometrial receptivity processes, such as microtubule-based movement, NABA CORE MATRISOME, superoxide anion generation, protein localization to vacuole, extracellular matrix organization, fertilization, microtubule-based transport, cell junction organization, microtubule cytoskeleton organization. Furthermore, variants detected in these pathway genes were missense mutations that affect the protein’s biological activity but do not effectuate its inactivation.ConclusionsAdding HCG in the luteal phase might improve the clinical pregnancy and live birth rates in RIF patients. The potential pathogenesis of RIF genetic level may be caused by microtubule-based movement, extracellular matrix organization, and the Superoxide Anion generation pathway.
China’s urban-rural expansion and natural habitat loss since the 1980s: Retrospective analysis and future suggestions
Authors: Han Lijian , Zhang Lumiao , Zhou Weiqi , Li Weifeng , Qian Yuguo 
Published: November 2022

Natural habitats transformed to city or countryside with human activities of different intensities have reshaped regional and global landscapes, especially in those rapid developed low- and mid-income countries, like China. China’s rapid shift in urban and rural expansion, which are greater than and equal to, and below county-level’s artificial land expansion, and reduction in farmland and ecological land are important for determining future urban and rural development under the conservation and protection of farmland and ecosystems; however, such an understanding is still inadequate. Here, we show that both urban and rural expansions have encroached on farmland and ecological land since 1980; rural areas, with 1.33 km2 × 105 km2 in 2020, remain larger than urban areas, with 0.97 km2 × 105 km2 in 2020. However, urban areas (1857.5 km2/year) increased faster than rural areas (695.0 km2/year) during 1980–2020, rural expansion primarily occurred in the 1980s and 1990s, and urban expansion primarily occurred after 2000 especially 2000s. Farmland is the major land cover that has been occupied by urban and rural expansion for 53.7 and 39.1 thousand km2, especially in East China’s densely populated areas. And, both farmland and ecological land were primarily encroached during 2000s. Our results demonstrate imbalanced urban and rural expansion and encroachment on farmland and ecological land; thus, both forms of encroachment should be optimized at the regional scale based on the socioeconomic needs and natural conditions, and diverse policies can be designed to support local sustainable development.
A vasculogenic mimicry prognostic signature associated with immune signature in human gastric cancer
Authors: Wang Jie , Xia Wei , Huang Yujie , Li Haoran , Tang Yuchen , Li Ye , Yi Bin , Zhang Zixiang , Yang Jian , Cao Zhifei , Zhou Jian 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundGastric cancer (GC) is one of the most lethal malignant tumors worldwide with poor outcomes. Vascular mimicry (VM) is an alternative blood supply to tumors that is independent of endothelial cells or angiogenesis. Previous studies have shown that VM was associated with poor prognosis in patients with GC, but the underlying mechanisms and the relationship between VM and immune infiltration of GC have not been well studied.MethodsIn this study, expression profiles from VM-related genes were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Cox regression was performed to identify key VM-related genes for survival. Subsequently, a novel risk score model in GC named VM index and a nomogram was constructed. In addition, the expression of one key VM-related gene (serpin family F member 1, SERPINF1) was validated in 33 GC tissues and 23 paracancer tissues using immunohistochemistry staining.ResultsUnivariate and multivariate Cox regression suggested that SERPINF1 and tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 (TFPI2) were independent risk factors for the prognosis of patients with GC. The AUC (&gt; 0.7) indicated the satisfactory discriminative ability of the nomogram. SsGESA and ESTIMATE showed that higher expression of SERPINF1 and TFPI2 is associated with immune infiltration of GC. Immunohistochemistry staining confirmed that the expression of SERPINF1 protein was significantly higher in GC tissues than that in paracancer tissues.ConclusionA VM index and a nomogram were constructed and showed satisfactory predictive performance. In addition, VM was confirmed to be widely involved in immune infiltration, suggesting that VM could be a promising target in guiding immunotherapy. Taken together, we identified SERPINF1 and TFPI2 as immunologic and prognostic biomarkers related to VM in GC.
Humoral and cellular immune responses to Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in adolescents with liver transplantation: Single center experience
Authors: Sánchez-Zapardiel Elena , Alós María , Nozal Pilar , González-Muñoz Miguel , Frauca-Remacha Esteban , Gavilán Lucía Blanca , Quiles María José , Hierro Loreto , López-Granados Eduardo 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundImmune responses to vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-coronavirus (CoV)-2 are variable. In the absence of disease, youngsters are expected to better react to vaccines than adults. Nevertheless, chronic immunosuppression in transplant recipients may impair their capability to generate protection. We aim to explore immune responses after BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in our cohort of young liver-transplanted patients.MethodsA prospective study of adolescent liver-transplanted patients (n=33) in the long-term follow-up was performed. Immune responses after receiving Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 vaccine were analyzed at two time-points: baseline and 30 days after the second dose. Humoral responses were measured by fluoroenzyme-immunoassay and T-cell responses by interferon-γ-release assay. Post-vaccine coronavirus disease (COVID-19) events were recorded by a survey.ResultsPre-vaccine SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies were undetectable in 27/32 (84.4%), negative/indeterminate in 3/32 (9.4%) and positive in 2/32 (6.3%) patients. Cellular responses at baseline were negative in 12/18 (66.6%), positive in 3/18 (16.6%) and indeterminate in 3/18 (16.6%) recipients. None of the baseline positives recalled any symptoms. Post-vaccine antibodies were detected in all patients and 92.6% showed levels &gt;816 BAU/mL. Twenty (71.4%) recipients had positive T-cell responses. Regarding post-vaccine SARS-Cov-2 infection, 10 (30.3%) patients reported COVID-19 without hospitalization and 21 (63.6%) did not notify any infection. Negative and positive cell-response groups after vaccination showed statistically significant differences regarding COVID-19 cases (62.5% vs 22.2%, respectively; p=0.046).ConclusionsAdolescents and young adults with liver transplantation responded to SARS-Cov-2 vaccine, generating both humoral and cellular responses. Recipients developing cellular responses after vaccination had a lower incidence of COVID-19.
Is student mentoring career-defining in surgical disciplines? A comparative survey among medical schools and medical students for mentoring programs
Authors: Hertling Stefan Ferdinand , Back David Alexander , Wildemann Britt , Schleußner Ekkehard , Kaiser Mario , Graul Isabel 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveFacing a shortage of young surgeons, this study aimed to examine the availability of mentoring programs and if this can counteract this lack.Summary background dataMedical mentoring programs have proven to be decisive to influence students’ later career decisions. Since their structure may depend on the medical school and the effort of single disciplines, the offers are often very heterogeneous.MethodsAnonymous online-questionnaires were developed and distributed among medical students in Germany and the dean for teaching of the medical schools from July 2019 to January 2020 in Germany. Data of the availability of mentoring programs, their structure and the impact of surgery were collected.ResultsForty three medical schools participated, with 65% offering mentoring programs. 18 of medical schools had no additional funding available for this. Surgical subjects participated in these programs in only 30%. Additionally, 1,516 medical students participated in the second survey. A total of 70% had already participated in a mentoring program with a significantly higher proportion of men. Of these, 94% stated that this was helpful and had an impact on their career planning, without any gender differences. 95% would participate in structured surgical mentoring programs and 95% agreed that this could have an impact on their career planning.ConclusionMentoring programs may be able to influence career planning, nevertheless participation by surgical specialties has been low. Becoming more active in providing mentoring programs with a special focus on women and offering more surgical content can be a way to counteract the lack of surgical trainees.