bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iatrogenic injury of the popliteal artery in orthopedic knee surgery: clinical results and development of a therapeutic algorithm
Authors: Gosslau Yvonne , Warm Tobias Dominik , Foerch Stefan , Zerwes Sebastian , Scheurig-Muenkler Christian , Hyhlik-Duerr Alexander 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Intraoperative injury to the popliteal artery is a rare complication of orthopedic surgery, however, it can have serious consequences, including major amputation. Recommendations for a standard approach are lacking. The aim of this study was to develop an interdisciplinary therapeutic algorithm to assist in complication management.

Methods
From 01/11 to 12/20, 16 arterial injuries after knee surgery were analyzed in a retrospective single-center study. Four cases involved recurrent orthopedic surgery. Procedures performed included eleven total knee arthoplasties (TKA), two TKA replacements, one arthroscopy, and two high tibial osteotomies. Clinical presentation of patients was hemorrhage (n = 2), ischemia (n = 7), the combination of both (n = 4), or pseudoaneurysm formation (n = 3).

Results
Ten patients underwent endovascular treatment, some as combined procedures: (stent)-PTA (n = 6), aspiration thrombectomy (n = 5), thrombin injection (n = 1), and embolization (n = 1). Six patients were treated surgically: four with bypass/interposition and one with a patch plasty and one as a hybrid procedure, respectively. Only autologous great saphenous vein was used. All extremities could be preserved. Functional impairment remained in six cases.

Conclusion
Both endovascular and surgical procedures can be used to treat arterial injuries after knee surgery. Efficient standardized diagnosis and the involvement of vascular expertise are essential to prevent functional impairment or limb loss, as suggested in the algorithms.
Epiphysiodesen und Hemiepiphysiodesen
Authors: Willegger Madeleine , Bouchard Maryse , Windhager Reinhard , Kolb Alexander , Chiari Catharina 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungDurch das Prinzip der Wachstumsblockade mittels Epiphysiodese und der Wachstumslenkung durch Hemiepiphysiodese können sowohl Beinlängendifferenzen als auch sagittale, koronare und schräge Achsdeformitäten an der unteren Extremität während des Wachstums korrigiert werden. Es werden temporäre und permanente Techniken unterschieden. Der große Vorteil liegt in der minimal-invasiven Anwendung und den geringen Komplikationen. Essenziell sind die genaue Planung sowie das exakte Timing, besonders wenn permanente Verfahren angewandt werden. Die Anwendung rund um das kindliche Kniegelenk kann als Goldstandard der Behandlung von Beinlängendifferenzen und Varus- und Valguskorrekturen bezeichnet werden. Die Wachstumslenkung an der unteren Extremität hat über die letzten Jahre viele neue Einsatzmöglichkeiten an der Hüfte und am Sprunggelenk gefunden. Die erfolgreichen klinischen Ergebnisse mit geringen Komplikationen unterstützen die breite Anwendung der Hemiepiphysiodese und Epiphysiodese am wachsenden Skelett bei Achsfehlstellungen und Beinlängendifferenzen.
T2 mapping for the characterization of prostate lesions
Authors: Hepp Tobias , Kalmbach Laura , Kolb Manuel , Martirosian Petros , Hilbert Tom , Thaiss Wolfgang M. , Notohamiprodjo Mike , Bedke Jens , Nikolaou Konstantin , Stenzl Arnulf , Kruck Stephan , Kaufmann Sascha 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Purpose of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of quantitative T2/ADC values in differentiating between PCa and lesions showing non-specific inflammatory infiltrates and atrophy, features of chronic prostatitis, as the most common histologically proven differential diagnosis.

Methods
In this retrospective, single-center cohort study, we analyzed 55 patients suspected of PCa, who underwent mpMRI (3T) including quantitative T2 maps before robot-assisted mpMRI-TRUS fusion prostate biopsy. All prostate lesions were scored according to PI-RADS v2.1. Regions of interest (ROIs) were annotated in focal lesions and normal prostate tissue. Quantitative mpMRI values from T2 mapping and ADC were compared using two-tailed t tests. Receiver operating characteristic curves (ROCs) and cutoff were calculated to differentiate between PCa and chronic prostatitis.

Results
Focal lesions showed significantly lower ADC and T2 mapping values than normal prostate tissue (p < 0.001). PCa showed significantly lower ADC and T2 values than chronic prostatitis (p < 0.001). ROC analysis revealed areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) of 0.85 (95% CI 0.74–0.97) for quantitative ADC values and 0.84 (95% CI 0.73–0.96) for T2 mapping. A significant correlation between ADC and T2 values was observed (r = 0.70; p < 0.001).

Conclusion
T2 mapping showed high diagnostic accuracy for differentiating between PCa and chronic prostatitis, comparable to the performance of ADC values.
Revisiting the Hydraulics of the Aznalcóllar Mine Disaster
Authors: Sanz-Ramos Marcos , Bladé Ernest , Dolz Josep , Sánchez-Juny Martí 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe Aznalcóllar tailings pond failure (1998) is regarded as one of the severe ecological mine disasters ever reported. The spill of the mine tailings affected more than 60 km of the Agrio and Guadiamar rivers and caused major environmental damage. Despite the event being well-documented with more than 400 scientific publications, including two special issues and two reviews, several hydraulic uncertainties and inconsistencies remain. This paper conducts a state-of-the-art review of the most relevant hydraulic aspects of the mine disaster. It addresses the pond and fluid characteristics, the break type, the breaking time, the flow propagation, the volume potentially stored and subsequently spilled, area dimensions affected by the spill, and the morphological changes generated in the river and riverbanks caused by the spill, and later on by the restoration activities. Several discrepancies and plenty of controversial data have been unearthed that may affect general understanding of the event. In addition, new data is introduced and analysed applying photointerpretation and digital terrain analysis techniques, aiming to derive in essential hydraulic parameters. The most important findings are that the spill could have had a volume about 11.5 hm3, affecting about 86.7 km of river length, twice the most referenced values in the literature, and that applied restoration activities have substantially modified the hydro-sedimentary processes of the affected system. Additionally, a first video observation-based classification reveals that the fluid behaved more like a highly concentrated sediment-laden flow than like a mud flow.
Seismic behaviour of high-rise frame-core tube structures considering dynamic soil–structure interaction
Authors: Zhang Xiaofeng , Far Harry 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAs the population grows and land prices rise, high-rise buildings are becoming more and more common and popular in urban cities. The traditional high-rise building design method generally assumes the structure is fixed at the base because the influence of soil–structure interaction is considered to be beneficial to the response of structures under the earthquake excitation. However, recent earthquakes and studies indicated that SSI may exert detrimental effects on commonly used structural systems. In this study, a numerical soil–structure model is established in Abaqus software to explore the impacts of SSI on high-rise frame-core tube structures. The seismic response of frame-core tube structures with various structural heights, height–width ratios, foundation types and soil types is studied. The numerical simulation results including maximum lateral deflections, foundation rocking, inter-storey drifts and base shears of rigid-base and flexible-base buildings are discussed and compared. The results reveal the lateral displacement and inter-storey drifts of the superstructure can be amplified when SSI is taken into account, while the base shears are not necessarily reduced. Increasing the stiffness of the foundation and the subsoil can generally increase the seismic demand of structures. It has been concluded that it is neither safe nor economical to consider only the beneficial effects of SSI or to ignore them in structural design practice.
Potential of biosynthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles to control Fusarium wilt disease in eggplant (Solanum melongena) and promote plant growth
Authors: Abdelaziz Amer M. , Salem Salem S. , Khalil Ahmed M. A. , El-Wakil Deiaa A. , Fouda Hossam M. , Hashem Amr H. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this study, a novel, non-toxic, eco-friendly zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) was used instead of the synthetic fungicides widely used to control the destructive phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum, the causative agent of wilt disease in Solanum melongena L. Herein, the biosynthesized ZnO-NPs was carried out by Penicillium expansum ATCC 7861. In vitro, mycosynthesized ZnO-NPs exhibited antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum. In vivo, ZnO-NPs suppressed Fusarium wilt disease in cultivated Solanum melongena L. by decreasing the disease severity with 75% of plant protection. Moreover, ZnO-NPs stimulated the recovery of eggplant as an indicated by improving of morphological and metabolic indicators including plant height(152.5%), root length(106.6%), plant fresh biomass (146%), chlorophyll a (102.8%), chlorophyll b (67.86%), total soluble carbohydrates (48.5%), total soluble protein (81.8%), phenol (10.5%), antioxidant activity and isozymes compared with infected control. Therefore, this study suggests using mycosynthesized ZnO-NPs as an alternative to synthetic fungicides not only to eradicate the Fusarium wilt disease in cultivated eggplant (Solanum melongena) but also to promote the growth parameters and metabolic aspects.
Novel features for time series analysis: a complex networks approach
Authors: Silva Vanessa Freitas , Silva Maria Eduarda , Ribeiro Pedro , Silva Fernando 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBeing able to capture the characteristics of a time series with a feature vector is a very important task with a multitude of applications, such as classification, clustering or forecasting. Usually, the features are obtained from linear and nonlinear time series measures, that may present several data related drawbacks. In this work we introduceNetFas an alternative set of features, incorporating several representative topological measures of different complex networks mappings of the time series. Our approach does not require data preprocessing and is applicable regardless of any data characteristics. Exploring our novel feature vector, we are able to connect mapped network features to properties inherent in diversified time series models, showing thatNetFcan be useful to characterize time data. Furthermore, we also demonstrate the applicability of our methodology in clustering synthetic and benchmark time series sets, comparing its performance with more conventional features, showcasing howNetFcan achieve high-accuracy clusters. Our results are very promising, with network features from different mapping methods capturing different properties of the time series, adding a different and rich feature set to the literature.
A novel role-mapping algorithm for enhancing highly collaborative access control system
Authors: Abdelfattah Doaa , Hassan Hesham A. , Omara Fatma A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe collaboration among different organizations is considered one of the main benefits of moving applications and services to a cloud computing environment. Unfortunately, this collaboration raises many challenges such as the access of sensitive resources by unauthorized people. Usually, Role-Based Access-Control (RBAC) model is deployed in large organizations. This paper addresses the scalability problem of the online stored rules. This problem affects the performance of the access control system due to increasing number of shared resources and/or number of collaborating organizations in the same cloud environment. Therefore, this paper proposes replacing the cross-domain RBAC rules with Role-To-Role (RTR) mapping rules among all organizations. The RTR mapping rules are generated using a newly proposed Role-Mapping algorithm. A comparative study is performed to evaluate the proposed algorithm’s performance with concerning the Rule-Store size and the authorization response time. According to the results, it is found that the proposed algorithm reduces the number of stored rules which minimizes the Rule-Store size and reduces the authorization response time. Additionally, this paper proposes applying a concurrent approach on the RTR mapping model using the proposed Role-Mapping algorithm to achieve more savings in the authorization response time. Therefore, it will be suitable in highly-collaborative cloud environments.
Applying novel methods in conventional activated sludge plants to treat low-strength wastewater
Authors: Latif E. F. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractConventional activated sludge system is confidently widely used for biological treatment plants of municipal wastewater but suffering from operation problems that affect their efficiencies and effluent qualities, especially when treating low-strength wastewater with increasing incoming flow. The objective of this study is to evaluate and compare the novel methods used in upgrading conventional activated sludge treatment systems receiving low-strength wastewater to generate good effluent quality. GPS-X Simulator V 8.0 was used for model calibration and plant performance prediction. The calibrated GPS-X model proved that eliminating primary settling from the treatment process does not affect BOD5 and COD removal, while TSS removal is decreased, and NH4-N removal is increased. Increasing the return activated sludge flow from 50 to 150% of influent flow does not affect conventional activated sludge process, while the change of waste activated flow had a vital effect on process performance. The presence of an anoxic zone in conventional activated sludge processes treating low-strength wastewater has no significant impact on plant performance. Also, the model outputs proved that adding filling media to the aeration tank was able to handle an increase of influent flow and a stable performance of BOD5, and NH4-N removal was observed.
Family Size and Parental Wealth: The Role of Family Transfers in Europe
Authors: Van Winkle Zachary , Monden Christiaan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAs baby boomers enter retirement, an increasing portion of the population in Europe will rely on wealth as a source of financial security. We address two research questions: what is the association between family size, i.e. the number of children, and wealth for adults who are preparing for or have entered retirement and does the generosity of family transfers moderate that association? Data from the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) are used to estimate the relationship between family size and the total household net worth of men and women between ages 50–65, born 1939–1967 from 14 European countries. We use logistic and linear regression modelling to investigate the probability of zero or negative wealth and net worth percentile rank. We find that adults with four or more children are more likely to be in debt and have less wealth than childless adults. In contrast, adults with two and three children have more wealth. We provide evidence that the generosity of family transfers ameliorates the negative association between larger family sizes and wealth, but may exacerbate wealth inequality by benefiting two and three child families most.
The thermal architecture of the ESA ARIEL payload at the end of phase B1
Authors: Morgante G. , Terenzi L. , Desjonqueres L. , Eccleston P. , Bishop G. , Caldwell A. , Crook M. , Drummond R. , Hills M. , Hunt T. , Rust D. , Puig L. , Tirolien T. , Focardi M. , Zuppella P. , Holmes W. , Amiaux J. , Czupalla M. , Rataj M. , Jessen N. C. , Pedersen S. M. , Pascale E. , Pace E. , Malaguti G. , Micela G. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe Atmospheric Remote-sensing Infrared Exoplanets Large-survey (ARIEL) is the fourth medium (M4) mission selected in the context of the ESA Cosmic Vision 2015–2025 programme, with a launch planned in 2028. During 4 years of flight operations, ARIEL will probe the chemical and physical properties of approximately 1000 known exoplanets by observing their atmosphere, to study how planetary systems form and evolve [1, 2]. The mission is designed as a transit and eclipse spectroscopy survey, operated by a 1-m class telescope feeding two instruments, the Fine Guidance system (FGS) and the ARIEL InfraRed Spectrometer (AIRS), that accommodate photometric and spectroscopic channels covering the band from 0.5 to 7.8 μm in the visible to near-IR range [3, 4]. The mission high sensitivity requirements ask for an extremely stable thermo-mechanical platform. The payload thermal control is based on a passive and active cooling approach. Passive cooling is achieved by a V-Groove shields system that exploits the L2 orbit favourable thermal conditions to cool the telescope and the optical bench to stable temperatures <60 K. The FGS focal planes operate at the optical bench temperature while the AIRS channel detectors require a colder reference, lower than 42 K. This is provided by an active cooling system based on a Neon Joule-Thomson cold end, fed by a mechanical compressor. In this paper we report the thermal architecture of the payload at the end of Phase B1 and present the requirements that drive the design together with the analyses results and the expected performances.
Between choices and “going with the flow”. Career guidance and Roma young people in Hungary
Authors: Bereményi Bálint Ábel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper enquires into how disadvantaged Hungarian Roma youth make decisions concerning their educational and early career trajectories, who guides them, and whether the main guidance agents and services are available to them particularly at the time of their school-to-work transition (STWT). Data was collected in a Hungarian city and its surroundings among 35 Roma young people between the ages of 18 and 30 through life-course interviews. In this paper, I analyse respondents’ life trajectories in respect of three forms of guidance they received, aiming to describe the mix of ‘substitute guidance’ Roma young people obtain, and its influence on their choices with respect to STWT. Findings suggest that the messy set of formal and informal guidance agents, services, and activities in Hungary tends to be contingent, discontinuous, segmented, non-specialized, and biased.
Small Size Transition-Edge Sensors for Future X-Ray Applications
Authors: Taralli E. , de Wit M. , Gottardi L. , Nagayoshi K. , Visser S. , Ridder M. L. , Akamatsu H. , Vaccaro D. , Bruijn M. P. , Gao J. R. , den Herder J-W 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLarge arrays of transition edge sensors (TESs) are the baseline for a number of future space observatories. For instance, the X-ray integral field unit (X-IFU) instrument on board the ATHENA space telescope will consist of $$\sim$$
∼
3000 TESs with high energy resolution ($$2\,{\mathrm{eV}}$$

2

eV

at X-ray energies up to 7 keV). In this contribution we report on the development of an X-ray TES array as a backup detector technology for X-IFU. The baseline readout technology for this mission is time domain multiplexing where the detectors are DC biased. Specifically, we report on the characterization of four different Ti/Au TESs with the following dimensions ($$\hbox {L}\times \hbox {W}$$

L
×
W

): $$30\times 15$$

30
×
15

, $$30\times 30$$

30
×
30

, $$50\times 25$$

50
×
25

and $$50\times 50\,\mu \hbox {m}^2$$

50
×
50

μ

m
2

, all of which are coupled to a $$2.3\,\mu \hbox {m}$$

2.3

μ
m

thick Au absorber of area $$240\times 240\,\mu \hbox {m}^2$$

240
×
240

μ

m
2

. We have performed our characterization using our standard frequency domain multiplexing readout connecting only pixels at low frequencies, where nonlinear effects due to the AC biasing are negligible. Promising energy resolution has been obtained, for instance $$1.78\pm 0.10\,\hbox {eV}$$

1.78
±
0.10

eV

and $$1.75\pm 0.10\,\hbox {eV}$$

1.75
±
0.10

eV

at 5.9 keV for the $$50\times 25$$

50
×
25

and $$50\times 50\,\mu \hbox {m}^2$$

50
×
50

μ

m
2

detectors respectively. Uniformity over a kilo-pixel array (of detectors with the same geometry) has been also studied, confirming the high quality of our fabrication process.
Variational Framework for Structure-Preserving Electromagnetic Particle-in-Cell Methods
Authors: Campos Pinto Martin , Kormann Katharina , Sonnendrücker Eric 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this article we apply a discrete action principle for the Vlasov–Maxwell equations in a structure-preserving particle-field discretization framework. In this framework the finite-dimensional electromagnetic potentials and fields are represented in a discrete de Rham sequence involving general finite element spaces, and the particle-field coupling is represented by a set of projection operators that commute with the differential operators. With a minimal number of assumptions which allow for a variety of finite elements and shape functions for the particles, we show that the resulting variational scheme has a general discrete Poisson structure and thus leads to a semi-discrete Hamiltonian system. By introducing discrete interior products we derive a second type of space discretization which is momentum preserving, based on the same finite elements and shape functions. We illustrate our method by applying it to spline finite elements, and to a new spectral discretization where the particle-field coupling relies on discrete Fourier transforms.
First- and Second-Order Optimality Conditions for Quadratically Constrained Quadratic Programming Problems
Authors: Flores-Bazán Fabián , Mastroeni Giandomenico 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe consider a quadratic programming problem with quadratic cone constraints and an additional geometric constraint. Under suitable assumptions, we establish necessary and sufficient conditions for optimality of a KKT point and, in particular, we characterize optimality by using strong duality as a regularity condition. We consider in details the case where the feasible set is defined by two quadratic equality constraints and, finally, we analyse simultaneous diagonalizable quadratic problems, where the Hessian matrices of the involved quadratic functions are all diagonalizable by means of the same orthonormal matrix.
Practice and challenge of urban land governance: an empirical study in Tigrai, East Africa
Authors: Siyum Berihu Asgele 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe purpose of the study was to assess the practices and challenges of urban land governance in the Tigrai Region. This study employed a concurrent nested design. Data were collected from 177 officeholders and customers through questionnaires. Besides, interviews were conducted with purposefully selected officeholders. The results of the data analysis were presented using mean, standard deviation, Pearson correlation, and logistic regression to see the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable. The major findings showed that the elements of good urban governance (participation, responsiveness, accountability, transparency, equity, and efficiency and effectiveness) are not practiced appropriately. The major challenges in good urban land governance are lack of resources, commitment, human resources, clear rules and regulations, modern service delivery, materials, budget, and rent-seeking behavior. As a result, citizens are not satisfied with the urban land governance system and implementation process. Thus, the government should reconsider strengthening urban land institutions.