bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Practical Method for Optimizing Capacities of Private Generators Installed in Hospital Buildings During Power Outages
Authors: Uemichi Akane , Kaito Naoki , Yamasaki Yudai , Kaneko Shigehiko 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In stand-alone operations, on-site generators must balance and meet demand at any time for second-by-second fluctuations in output and load demand. However, the previous optimization tool for private generator configuration in hospital buildings did not consider demand sufficiency. Herein, this qualitative electricity problem was solved by proposing a new optimization method that considers the balance of power supply and demand in the stand-alone operation of on-site generators during power outages. As a demand sufficiency condition, a power balance simulator obtained available configurations of private generators that can be operated within the standard alternating current (AC) frequency range of 49–51 Hz. We also compared case study results by applying these constraints to the findings of earlier studies. The same case study from an earlier paper reported that the optimal amount of photovoltaic systems installed is approximately the upper limit (set at 600 m2 in this calculation) and the optimal solution. In contrast, the optimization results with additional constraints to keep frequency fluctuations within specified limits yielded an optimal value significantly less than the previous optimization; one case study showed that the optimal installation amount of photovoltaics was 0 m2. However, the key equipment in this study was the emergency diesel generator. The emergency generator compensates for power shortages and balances supply and demand under power outages. The results suggest that case studies with demand-satisfying conditions tend to select equipment configurations that effectively improve the expected power shortage rate.
Inherent Magnetic Sensor for Estimation of Fatigue Damage in Type 304 Stainless Steel
Authors: Kinoshita Katsuyuki 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this study, the fatigue damage in type 304 stainless steel was estimated using an inherent magnetic sensor via plane-bending fatigue tests and the electromagnetic impedance method. The sensor was a magnetic composite material incorporating a ferromagnetic martensite phase generated in type 304 stainless steel by a surface finish process during the production stage. The output properties of this sensor as a function of the number of cycles were evaluated under various conditions. It was demonstrated that this sensor could detect fatigue damage starting from the zeroth cycle. The sensor output repeatability was evaluated, and the variation in the output between the inherent magnetic sensors was approximately 10% regardless of the sensor type and total strain amplitude. By using the two proposed estimation methods, the specific fatigue level and the number of cycles could be estimated with errors of 3–27%. These results indicated that the inherent magnetic sensor was suitable for use for fatigue damage estimation.
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and gallbladder or biliary disease in type 2 diabetes: systematic review and pairwise and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: He Liyun , Wang Jialu , Ping Fan , Yang Na , Huang Jingyue , Li Wei , Xu Lingling , Zhang Huabing , Li Yuxiu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the association between dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and gallbladder or biliary diseases.DesignSystematic review and pairwise and network meta-analysis.Data sourcesPubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and CENTRAL from inception until 31 July 2021.Eligibility criteriaRandomised controlled trials of adult patients with type 2 diabetes who received dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors compared with placebo or other antidiabetes drugs.Main outcome measuresComposite of gallbladder or biliary diseases, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, and biliary diseases.Data extraction and data synthesisTwo reviewers independently extracted the data and assessed the quality of the studies. The quality of the evidence for each outcome was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations framework (GRADE) approach. The meta-analysis used pooled odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.ResultsA total of 82 randomised controlled trials with 104 833 participants were included in the pairwise meta-analysis. Compared with placebo or non-incretin drugs, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors were significantly associated with an increased risk of the composite of gallbladder or biliary diseases (odds ratio 1.22 (95%confidence interval 1.04 to 1.43); risk difference 11 (2 to 21) more events per 10 000 person years) and cholecystitis (odds ratio 1.43 (1.14 to 1.79); risk difference 15 (5 to 27) more events per 10 000 person years) but not with the risk of cholelithiasis and biliary diseases. The associations tended to be observed in patients with a longer duration of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor treatment. In the network meta-analysis of 184 trials, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors increased the risk of the composite of gallbladder or biliary diseases and cholecystitis compared with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors but not compared with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists.ConclusionsDipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors increased the risk of cholecystitis in randomised controlled trials, especially with a longer treatment duration, which requires more attention from physicians in clinical practice.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO CRD42021271647.
Prognostic importance of the 6 min walk test in light chain (AL) amyloidosis
Authors: Cohen Oliver C , Sathyanath Ananth , Petrie Aviva , Ravichandran Sriram , Law Steven , Manwani Richa , Foard Darren , Sachchithanantham Sajitha , Mahmood Shameem , Martinez-Naharro Ana , Fontana Marianna , Whelan Carol J , Hawkins Philip N , Lachmann Helen J , Gillmore Julian D , Wechalekar Ashutosh D 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesIn AL amyloidosis, organ response assessment is based on surrogates (eg, cardiac biomarkers). An objective functional test, such as the 6 min walk test (6MWT), capturing overall clinical improvement, is required. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic impact of the 6MWT at baseline and change following chemotherapy.MethodsThis study evaluated the outcomes of patients who enrolled in a prospective observational study at the UK National Amyloidosis Centre (2012–2017). Patients underwent comprehensive assessments inclusive of blood testing, echocardiogram and 6MWT at baseline and annually thereafter.ResultsIn total, 799 patients were included within the study. Median baseline 6 min walk distance (6MWD) was 362 m (IQR: 231 m). 6MWD progressively decreased with worsening cardiac disease stage (458 m, 404 m, 331 m and 168 m for cardiac Mayo stages I, II, IIIa and IIIb, respectively (p<0.0001)). In patients with a baseline 6MWT of ≥350 m, the median overall survival was not reached (vs 30.0 (95% CI 23.2 to 36.8) months if <350 m and 5.0 (95% CI 2.8 to 7.2) months if unable to attempt 6MWT (p<0.0001). Following chemotherapy, only patients in a complete haematological response improved their 6MWD by 12 months (p=0.001). Improvement in 6MWD prolonged survival in patients with cardiac amyloidosis (p=0.005).ConclusionThe 6MWT is prognostic in AL amyloidosis. A baseline distance of ≥350 m independently predicts better survival. These data suggest that 6MWT has utility in AL amyloidosis for baseline prognosis and assessing response.
Predictive capacity of self-rated health on all-cause mortality in Spain: differences across sex, age and educational level
Authors: Suso-Palau Daniel , López-Cuadrado Teresa , Duque-León Daniela , Ortiz Cristina , Galán Iñaki 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundPublished evidence on self-rated health’s capacity to predict mortality and its variability across subpopulations lacks consistency. Our objective is to evaluate this predictive association and whether/how it varies by sex, age and educational attainment at the population level in Spain.MethodsData came from a prospective longitudinal study based on 42 645 individuals aged ≥15 years who participated in the 2011–2012 and 2014 Spanish Health Surveys. Median follow-up time for mortality was 5.4 years. Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for sociodemographic, lifestyle and chronic disease variables were used to estimate the predictive capacity of self-rated health on mortality.ResultsSelf-rated health was associated with mortality with a dose–response effect (p value for linear trend <0.001). Compared with respondents who rated their health as very good, those rating it as very poor presented an HR of 3.33 (95% CI 2.50 to 4.44). Suboptimal self-rated health was a stronger predictor of mortality among 15–44 year-olds (HR 2.87; 95% CI 1.59 to 5.18), compared with the estimate for 45–64 year-olds (HR 1.86; 95% CI 1.45 to 2.39) (p value for interaction=0.001) and for those 65 and older (HR 1.51; 95% CI 1.36 to 1.68) (p value for interaction <0.001). Regarding educational attainment, the association was stronger for individuals with university studies (HR 2.51; 95% CI 1.67 to 3.76) than for those with only primary or no studies (HR 1.31; 95% CI 1.17 to 1.48) (p value for interaction=0.010). No statistically significant differences were observed between men and women.ConclusionsSelf-rated health may be considered a good predictor of all-cause mortality in the population of Spain, although the magnitude of this predictive association varies by age and educational level.
Political Activism in Pentecostal Charismatic Evangelical Churches and the 2019 Elections in South Africa
Authors: Frahm-Arp Maria 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This article examines the public messages of the leaders of six Pentecostal Charismatic Evangelical Churches (PCE) in South Africa during the six months leading up to the 2019 presidential elections in that country. All six leaders presented themselves as knowledgeable about politics and as having solutions to ‘fix’ the political corruption and the failing economy that plagued South Africa in 2019. In this analysis it becomes apparent that the leaders had different attitudes to and understanding of politics and political activism. Some strongly advocated political activism among their members, others merely encouraged their members to vote on election day, while a third group did not directly mention politics or voting and did not endorse any form of political activism among the members of their churches. Four reasons explain these differences: (a) the theology of the different churches and their respective understandings of the relationship between faith/spirituality and politics, (b) the PCE leader’s personal perceptions of politics in South Africa, (c) the leaders’ own status as a South African citizen or foreign national, and (d) the socioeconomic situation of the different churches and their members.
Word stress at utterance-final position
Authors: Silber-Varod Vered , Amir Noam 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This study investigates the realization of the two most common word-level stress patterns in Hebrew, final and penultimate, at utterance-final position. Twenty-six disyllabic words that form minimal pairs, which differ only in their stress pattern, were embedded in 52 sentences. The mean values of three acoustic parameters—duration, F0, and intensity—were measured for vowels of the target words. Findings show that duration is significantly longer at stressed vowels, similar to previous findings on words at utterance-mid position. Lower intensity is assigned to the utterance-final vowels regardless of the stress pattern, but the degree of lowering does depend on the stress pattern. Finally, lower F0 values are found in the utterance-final vowels, but the degree of lowering is similar to both stress patterns. We conclude that duration is the main cue at the prosodic word level, while F0 is used by Hebrew speakers to cue higher prosodic units.
Giving or Receiving Gifts?
Authors: Fields C. Ryan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The severity of difficulties surrounding Paul’s use of Psalm 68:18 in Ephesians 4:8 is well known. I argue that Ephesians 4:8 is best understood as an instance of Paul quoting Psalm 68:18 against a broader canonical backdrop, putting the themes of Psalm 68 in dialogue with other portions of the OT (especially Numbers 8) while engaging in typological and christological reflection on the nature of the church as a diversely gifted community. I make this argument by evaluating seven major interpretive options for understanding Paul’s use of the OT here. I then assess the two most promising options by examining Psalm 68 in its relation to Judges 5 and Numbers 8 and by investigating the extent to which these canonical co-texts might have informed Paul’s appropriation of the psalm, concluding that more attention should be given to the possibility that Paul is engaged in a christological reading of Numbers 8.
Improving Probabilistic Quantitative Precipitation Forecasts Using Short Training Data through Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Ghazvinian Mohammadvaghef , Zhang Yu , Hamill Thomas M. , Seo Dong-Jun , Fernando Nelun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Conventional statistical postprocessing techniques offer limited ability to improve the skills of probabilistic guidance for heavy precipitation. This paper introduces two artificial neural network (ANN)-based, geographically aware, and computationally efficient postprocessing schemes, namely, the ANN-multiclass (ANN-Mclass) and the ANN–censored, shifted gamma distribution (ANN-CSGD). Both schemes are implemented to postprocess Global Ensemble Forecast System (GEFS) forecasts to produce probabilistic quantitative precipitation forecasts (PQPFs) over the contiguous United States (CONUS) using a short (60 days), rolling training window. The performances of these schemes are assessed through a set of hindcast experiments, wherein postprocessed 24-h PQPFs from the two ANN schemes were compared against those produced using the benchmark quantile mapping algorithm for lead times ranging from 1 to 8 days. Outcomes of the hindcast experiments show that ANN schemes overall outperform the benchmark as well as the raw forecast over the CONUS in predicting probability of precipitation over a range of thresholds. The relative performance varies among geographic regions, with the two ANN schemes broadly improving upon quantile mapping over the central, south, and southeast, and slightly underperforming along the Pacific coast where skills of raw forecasts are the highest. Between the two schemes, the hybrid ANN-CSGD outperforms at higher rainfall thresholds (i.e., >50 mm day−1), though the outperformance comes at a slight expense of sharpness and spatial specificity. Collectively, these results confirm the ability of the ANN algorithms to produce skillful PQPFs with a limited training window and point to the prowess of the hybrid scheme for calibrating PQPFs for rare-to-extreme rainfall events.
Constitutional Struggles and the Court in Indonesia’s Turn to Authoritarian Politics
Authors: Wiratraman Herlambang P 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIndonesia’s politics has changed dramatically during Jokowi’s administration. Numbers of scholars argued this situation turns to a ‘new model of authoritarianism’ or declining democracy. The situation is generally referred to as the strengthening of authoritarian politics. Meanwhile, in such situation, the role of the judiciary is the key to balancing power in authoritarian politics. However, in reality, efforts to encourage constitutional struggle through the judiciary will easily reverse the situation to lose its independence. The court could play a significant role in authoritarian politics. This phenomenon has been called the ‘judicialisation of authoritarian politics’. This article dissects how the process of authoritarian political institutionalisation through law and the courts has occurred in the two decades after Suharto’s reforms. Then it examines how civil society changes and the democracy movement have made it possible to advance constitutional rights in the context of Indonesia’s cartel politics and the judicialisation of authoritarian politics. The legal argument for such judicial practice is that authoritarianism has been increasingly institutionalised, facilitating oligarchy networks in a cartelised political system, so that law and the judiciary merely work to strengthen the chain of impunity.
COVID Travel Bans, Citizenship and the Constitution: Do Australian Citizens Have a Constitutional Right of Abode?
Authors: Rangiah Priam 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe words ‘the people’ of the States and of the Commonwealth appear throughout the Constitution, yet they have received little judicial attention. It remains unclear who constitutes ‘the people’ and what rights or freedoms membership of ‘the people’ entails. This essay explores these uncertainties, suggesting that ‘the people’ have an implied constitutional freedom to enter and remain in Australia without licence from the executive. Recognition of such an implied constitutional freedom would have important implications in the COVID-19 era for the validity of travel bans and restrictions, which exclude citizens from entering Australia on public health grounds.
Throat Symptoms Before and After Septal Surgery in Adults With Nasal Septum Deviation
Authors: Jafarov Sabuhi , İsazade Artoghrul , Bahçecitapar Melike , Büyüklü Adnan Fuat 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate subjective throat symptoms with the Qualities of Sore Throat Index (QuaSTI) in adults with nasal septum deviation.Study DesignProspective study.SettingBaskent University Ankara Hospital.MethodsGroup 1 included patients with septum deviation. Preoperative data were obtained through evaluation of subjective nasal obstruction with the NOSE (Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation) and throat symptoms with the QuaSTI (group 1a). After 3 months, the same patient group was reevaluated with the NOSE and QuaSTI to obtain postoperative data (group 1b). Group 2 was formed of healthy volunteers with no nasal obstruction.ResultsThe mean ± SD and median (range) values of the QuaSTI total score were 33.39 ± 29.50 and 18.5 (0‐90) in group 1a, 7.49 ± 4.31 and 7 (0‐18) in group 2, and 7.58 ± 9.24 and 4.50 (0‐49) in group 1b (group 1a vs 2, P < .001; group 1a vs 1b, P < .0001). A significant difference was determined between groups 1a and 2 with respect to the QuaSTI sensory score (26.58 ± 23.54 and 18 [0‐73] vs 6.51 ± 3.58 and 7 [0‐15], P < .001, respectively) and between groups 1a and 1b for the QuaSTI functional score (6.03 ± 6.62 and 3 [0‐20] vs 1.50 ± 2.47 and 0.50 [0‐13], P = .004). No significant difference was found between groups 1a and 2 in terms of the QuaSTI emotional score (P = .126).ConclusionVarious persistent sensory and functional throat symptoms can be seen in patients experiencing nasal obstruction associated with septum deviation, and the majority of these symptoms recover after septal surgery.
Systematic Review of Endolymphatic Sac Tumor Treatment and Outcomes
Authors: Tang Joseph D. , Grady Anthony J. , Nickel Christopher J. , Ryan Lindsey E. , Malone Alexander , Canvasser Leah , Boyev Kestutis Paul 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveEndolymphatic sac tumors are rare neoplasms originating in the endolymphatic sac. Current literature is limited to case reports and small case series. The objective of this study was to systematically review the literature to better describe clinical presentation, treatment options, and outcomes in endolymphatic sac tumors.Data SourcePubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library.Review MethodsA systematic review was performed following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines describing human endolymphatic sac tumors. Risk of bias was assessed using a validated critical appraisal checklist for case series. Studies without inclusion of individual patient characteristics, corresponding treatments, and outcomes were excluded. Heterogeneity of data precluded meta‐analysis.ResultsA total of 82 studies met inclusion criteria, and 253 discrete tumors were analyzed. A total of 23.4% of patients had von Hippel‐Lindau disease. Von Hippel‐Lindau‐associated tumors affected females to males in a 2.4:1 ratio. Patients with von Hippel‐Lindau disease displayed earlier average age at diagnosis compared to the sporadic cohort. Surgery was the primary treatment modality and was performed in 88.9% of cases. Adjuvant radiation therapy was employed in 18.7% of cases; 16.2% cases recurred, and 10.6% had progression of residual disease after treatment. Mean time to recurrence or progression was 53.1 ± 52.4 months with a range of 3 to 240 months.ConclusionEndolymphatic sac tumors require a high degree of suspicion for early diagnosis. Complete resection is the standard of care. No strong evidence supports routine use of adjuvant radiation therapy. Given the high rate of recurrence and wide‐ranging time to recurrence, long‐term follow‐up is necessary.
Awake extracorporeal life support and physiotherapy in adult patients: A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Cucchi Marta , Mariani Silvia , De Piero Maria E , Ravaux Justine M , Kawczynski Michal J , Di Mauro Michele , Shkurka Emma , Hoskote Aparna , Lorusso Roberto 
Published: June 2022

Objective The Awake Extracorporeal Life Support (ECLS) practice combined with physiotherapy is increasing. However, available evidence for this approach is limited, with unclear indications on timing, management, and protocols. This review summarizes available literature regarding Awake ECLS and physiotherapy application rates, practices, and outcomes in adults, providing indications for future investigations. Methods Four databases were screened from inception to February 2021, for studies reporting adult Awake ECLS with/without physiotherapy. Primary outcome was hospital discharge survival, followed by Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) duration, extubation, Intensive Care Unit stay. Results Twenty-nine observational studies and one randomized study were selected, including 1,157 patients (males n = 611/691, 88.4%) undergoing Awake ECLS. Support type was reported in 1,089 patients: Veno-Arterial ECMO (V-A = 39.6%), Veno-Venous ECMO (V-V = 56.8%), other ECLS (3.6%). Exclusive upper body cannulation and femoral cannulation were applied in 31% versus 69% reported cases ( n = 931). Extubation was successful in 63.5% ( n = 522/822) patients during ECLS. Physiotherapy details were given for 676 patients: exercises confined in bed for 47.9% ( n = 324) patients, mobilization until standing in 9.3% ( n = 63) cases, ambulation performed in 42.7% ( n = 289) patients. Femoral cannulation, extubation and V-A ECMO were mostly correlated to complications. Hospital discharge survival observed in 70.8% ( n = 789/1114). Conclusion Awake ECLS strategy associated with physiotherapy is performed regardless of cannulation approach. Ambulation, as main objective, is achieved in almost half the population examined. Prospective studies are needed to evaluate safety and efficacy of physiotherapy during Awake ECLS, and suitable patient selection. Guidelines are required to identify appropriate assessment/evaluation tools for Awake ECLS patients monitoring.