bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Partial Coherence Laser Interferometry Versus Conventional A-Scan Acoustic Biometry in Intraocular Lens Power Calculation – Comparison of Postoperative Refractive Error
Authors: Muid Javeria , Afzal Farooq 
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To compare the post-operative residual refractive error in patients undergoing cataract surgery using partial coherence laser interferometry (PCLI) versus A-scan Applanation acoustic biometry.
Study Design: Quantitative experimental research.
Place and Duration of Study: Shifa International Hospital (SIH), Islamabad from November 2018 to August 2019.
Methods: Total 254 patients were selected. Group A included patients whose biometry was done using PCLI method and group B included patients who had A-Scan acoustic biometry. Intraocular lens power calculation was done using SRK/T formula. Phacoemulsification surgery with foldable Intraocular lens was performed. Patients were called for follow-up visit the next day and then one month after surgery. Postoperative refractive error was checked after one month. All data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 21.0. Descriptive statistics were used for qualitative as well as quantitative variables. We applied independent samples t-test to compare the mean postoperative refractive error in both groups. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The mean age of patients was 65 ± 9.37 years. The preoperative mean axial length was 20.35 ± 1.1 mm in the PCLI group and 21.54 ± 1.2 mm in the ultrasound group. Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of postoperative residual refractive error in the PCLI group was 0.12 ± 0.13 mm (P = 0.003). The MAE in the ultrasound group was 0.18 ± 0.12 mm (P = 0.02).
Conclusion: The non-contact optical biometry improves the mean absolute error for postoperative refraction and is a reliable tool for biometry in phakic eyes before surgery.
Key Words: Partial coherence laser interferometry; Ultrasound A scan; Biometry; A-constant; Intraocular lens.
Hubungan Tympanogram dengan Lokasi dan Ukuran Tumor pada Pasien Karsinoma Nasofaring
Authors: Dewi Julita Melisa , Marliyawati Dwi , Muyassaraoh Muyassaroh 
Published: March 2022

pengantar :Gangguan pendengaran merupakan gejala yang paling sering dialami oleh penderita Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC), karena adanya hubungan antara telinga tengah dengan nasofaring melalui tuba eustachius. Timpanometri adalah tes pendengaran yang dapat mengevaluasi telinga tengah.
Objektif : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan timpanogram dengan lokasi dan ukuran tumor karsinoma nasofaring di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang.
Metode: Penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan desain studi potong lintang pasien KNF di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang, Juli 2020 sampai Juni 2021. Timpanometri dilakukan pada awal diagnosis KNF, lokasi dan ukuran tumor berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan fisik kepala dan leher, nasofaringoskopi dan CT scan. Analisis data dengan spearmen rho. tes.
Hasil :Dari 52 subjek yang terdiagnosis KNF, sebagian besar berusia dekade ke-5. Lokasi tumor yang paling umum adalah di fossa Rossenmuler dan meluas ke dinding lateral dan atap nasofaring secara bilateral (n=29; 55,7%). Ukuran tumor terbanyak adalah T4 (n=26;50%). Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa citra timpanogram memiliki korelasi yang kuat dengan lokasi tumor pada pasien KNF (r=0,853; p<0,001), tetapi tidak berkorelasi dengan ukuran tumor (r=0,061; p=0,668).
Kesimpulan : Timpanogram berhubungan dengan lokasi tumor karsinoma nasofaring, tidak berhubungan dengan ukuran tumor.
Primary Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma of the Female Urethra Presenting as Carunculous of Urethra: A Very Rare Case Report
Authors: Hengky Tan , Daniswara Nanda , Santosa Ardy , Soedarso Adi , Nugroho Eriawan Agung , Addin Sofyan Rais 
Published: March 2022

Background: Female urethral carcinoma occurred < 1% of all female malignancies. With a small prevalence of Malignant Urethral Lymphoma, there is lack of data about quality of the therapy.
Case Report: A 41-year-old woman came to Division of Urology, Department of Surgery Dr. Kariadi Hospital Semarang with chief complaint a recurrence mass on her urethra. Her general condition was fine, and has a normal vital signs. On the physical examination of urogenital region, there was mass on the orifice of urethra external that can easily bleed. She is already performed excision of urethral caruncle with immunohistochemistry examination and found CD-20 positive which indicated a diffuse B-cell Lymphoma. Then she had 6 cycle chemotherapy procedures in Division of Hematooncology, Internal Medicine Department. Until now, she routinely check-up to urology and internal medicine departments to monitor her disease progression.
Conclusion: Female urethral carcinoma is very rare, although surgery alone has been established as effective for treating low-stage urethral cancer, neither surgery nor radiation therapy alone provide good results. Delay in diagnose and treatment can decrease patient survival.
Keyword: non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, immunohistochemistry, Urethral carcinoma, urethral caruncle, chemotherapy
PENGARUH LAGU DEWASA “HATI YANG KAU SAKITI” TERHADAP PEMEROLEHAN BAHASA ANAK USIA 3 TAHUN
Authors: Rifdah Syifa Nurul , Oktavianingrum Diajeng 
Published: March 2022

Proses pemerolehan bahasa yang dilakukan oleh seorang anak tidak semerta-merta mendapatkannya secara instan. Bahasa yang diperoleh oleh seorang bisa di dapatkan melalui berbagai cara, di antaranya melalaui lingkungan keluarga, menyimak sebuah lagu baik lagu anak-anak maupun lagu dewasa. Namun, di zaman sekarang lagu-lagu dewasa sangat berpengaruh terhadap pemerolehan bahasa anak. Berbagai teori yang yang dapat menjadi penunjangnya adalah teori behavioristik, dan teori kognitif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan Pengaruh Lagu Dewasa “Hati Yang Kau Sakiti” Terhadap Pemerolehan Bahasa Anak Usia 3 Tahun. Metode penelitian yang digunakan metode kualitatif. Metode kualitatif merupakan metode yang Menekankan pada pemahaman berupa masalah-masalah dalam kehidupan sosial berdasarkan kondisi realitas, holitis, komplek dan rinci. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif, artinya peneliti harus mendeskripsikan suatu objek yang bersifat naratif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah anak berusia 3 tahun yang Bernama Amanda Mutiara. Teknik pengambilan data pada penelitian ini adalah dengan teknik simak. Peneliti menggunakan teknik ini dengan cara menyimak ujaran-ujaran yang dituturkan oleh subjek setelah mendengarkan lagu dewasa yang diberikan oleh peneliti. Objek penelitian ini adalah tuturan yang diujarkan oleh subjek. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa lagu dewasa sangat berpengaruh pada pemerolehan bahasa anak. Salah satunya yaitu pada lagu dari penyanyi Rosa dengan judul lagu “Hati Yang Kau Sakiti” karena di zaman sekarang lagu tersebut sedang buming dan disukai oleh berbagai kalangan.
Analisa Perbandingan Algoritma Fuzzy Tsukamoto Dan Sugeno Untuk Menentukan Jumlah Produksi Batik Berdasarkan Data Persediaan Dan Jumlah Permintaan (Studi Kasus : Batik Jiwo Creation, Sukoharjo)
Authors: Kusumastuti Rajnaparmaitha 
Published: March 2022

Batik Jiwo Creation adalah toko konveksi dan penjualan batik yang berdiri di kota Sukoharjo. Besarnya permintaan yang berubah setiap periode menyebabkan ketidakpastian dalam menentukan jumlah produksi perusahaan pada periode yang akan datang. Perencanaan jumlah produk sangat penting dalam memenuhi permintaan pasar secara tepat dan dalam jumlah yang tepat. Analisis penentuan jumlah produksi dilakukan dengan menggunakan Algoritma Fuzzy Tsukamoto dan Sugeno berdasarkan jumlah persediaan dan jumlah permintaan. Algoritma Tsukamoto dan Sugeno merupakan salah satu metode sistem inferensi fuzzy. Dalam metode Tsukamoto, setiap konsekuensi dari aturan if-then harus diwakili oleh himpunan fuzzy dengan fungsi keanggotaan monoton, sedangkan metode Sugeno memiliki bentuk akhir berupa konstanta atau persamaan linier. Berdasarkan nilai error MAD pada Fuzzy Tsukamoto adalah 17.93 sedangkan pada Fuzzy Sugeno adalah 210.73. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa metode Fuzzy Tsukamoto lebih baik digunakan dalam perhitungan peramalan produksi. Algoritma perbandingan ini digunakan untuk membantu menentukan jumlah produksi pada periode berikutnya tergantung pada jumlah permintaan dan penawaran dari periode sebelumnya.
Stress: How is it Affecting Service Delivery and Health of Nurses? A Qualitative Study from Pokhara Metropolitan, Nepal
Authors: Baral Samjhana , Subedi Sudarshan 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Stress among health care professionals is harmful because of adverse psychological and physiological changes, which lead to decrease productivity. This study aimed to explore the experienced causes of stress, its effects and coping strategies among nurses.
Methods: In-depth interview was conducted among nurses working in different hospitals of the Pokhara metropolitan, Nepal. The nurses were selected purposively. Data saturation was gained with fifteen interviews. Data analysis was done by adopting the Conventional Qualitative Content Analysis technique and summative analysis process.
Results: Three domains were identified from the study – causes of stress, effects of stress, and coping strategies for stress. The causes of stress were workload, lack of proper logistics, insufficient staffs, undesirable relation among colleagues, patient’s condition, patient’s relatives, and visitors, being blamed for other’s mistakes, senior’s behaviors, workplace violence, work- shift, patient’s death, and sufferings, job positions, work-life balance, health condition, job dissatisfaction, dignity and social status, family problems and lack of experience. The effects of stress experienced by the nurses were medication errors, delay of services, loss of concentration in work, degradation of the hospital’s goodwill, headache, insomnia, frustration and depression, lethargy, and loss of appetite. Nurses adopted listening to music, playing games, surfing the internet, watching television, doing household chores, sharing events and incidents, calm down, and crying as the coping strategies for the stress they experienced.
Conclusion: Due to several stress factors and their effects, the performance of nurses in a hospital setting was challenging. It was affecting the physical, mental, and social aspects of nurses’ life. However, they adopted coping strategies to help themselves in reducing the level of stress. An environment must be created by family members, organization, management team, nation, concerned authority, and possible stakeholders so that the nurses will be able to work with total concentration, devotion, and commitment.
Use of Evidence Based Practice by Physical Therapist in Delhi and NCR, India: A Crossectional Survey
Authors: Gyawali Ramesh , Hamdani Nusrat 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Evidence-based practice (EBP) is access to and availability of the scientific database, the search of relevant literature in practice, and the precise use of Evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients. Assessment of variables such as the beliefs, attitudes, knowledge, and behavior give rise to factor influencing and self-efficacy of individuals practicing EBP and conceptualizing the growing importance of EBP in the physical therapy sector. The present study aimed to assess belief and attitude about EBP, its knowledge, and skills related to obtaining and evaluating evidence and identify barriers to practice among Physical Therapists in India.
Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among the physical therapist working in Delhi and NCR. A survey questionnaire contains 5 segments and 51 statement item screening beliefs, attitudes, knowledge, and behavior of individuals in terms of using EBP. The relationship among variables is obtained by using Logistic Regression analysis. The data was collected from April 2016 through May 2016.
Results: The physical therapist state that they had a positive attitude toward EBP and understand the necessity of evidencebased practice (87%). They were familiar with a search engine (87%), relevant literature is useful in practice (75%), help in clinical decision making (75.9%), and improve quality of patient care (78.9%) but the majority of respondents said that it doesn’t come under patient preference (51.8%), lack of generalizability of research finding to the individual patient (28.7%), and insufficient time (77.8%) to incorporate EBP.
Conclusion: Indian physical therapists from Delhi and NCR believe that they had a positive attitude toward obtaining EBP, using available evidence for clinical decision making, and improve the quality of patient care. A cultural change within the working environment and the organization’s support will allow more time for searching relevant databases for implementing EBP in daily clinical practice.
Japanese Encephalitis Mass Vaccination Coverage Survey in Five Districts of Nepal
Authors: Khatri Bijay , Deo Sulav , Deo Lakshmi Narayan 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: The World Health Organization recommends mass vaccination campaigns in children under 15 years before introducing the Japanese Encephalitis (JE) vaccine into the routine immunization program as the most effective immunization strategy in JE disease-endemic countries. The study was conducted to assess the JE vaccine coverage during the recent mass vaccination campaign in five districts of Nepal in 2016.
Methods: A stratified three-stage cluster design was used for this cross-sectional sample survey. The JE mass vaccination campaign of 2016 targeted children aged between 1-14 years, and the interview was conducted among systematically sampled households’ mothers and guardians of children aged between 2-15 years in 2017.
Results: The coverage of the JE mass vaccination campaign in the year 2016 was 96.9%; the males had slightly higher coverage (97.4%) than females (96.6%). The vaccine utilization increased with an increase in age, 94.0%, 98.1%, and 99.1% coverage among children aged 2-5 years, 6-10 years, and 10-15 years, respectively. The school enrolled children were four-times (OR: 4.016, CI: 2.595–6.216) likely to be vaccinated than out-of-school children and association was statistically significant. Among 86 children who were not vaccinated, 45.3% were ill during the campaign. Besides, 6.6% of out of school children also didn’t get the vaccination. Only three in ten (30.4%) respondents knew that the JE vaccine was given to protect against JE disease or brain fever. More than one-third (36.3%) of respondents reported that the recommendation from the health workers was main reason for vaccinating their children. Only 1.1% of vaccinated children had minor issues following vaccination.
Conclusion: Despite low awareness about the specific protection of the JE vaccine, the vaccination coverage was high during the JE mass vaccination campaign. Increasing awareness about the particular vaccine and including activities to vaccinate out-of-school children could help achieve universal coverage in future mass vaccination campaigns
LEGA-C: Analysis of Dynamical Masses from Ionized Gas and Stellar Kinematics at z ∼ 0.8
Authors: Straatman Caroline M. S. , van der Wel Arjen , van Houdt Josha , Bezanson Rachel , Bell Eric F. , van Dokkum Pieter , D’Eugenio Francesco , Franx Marijn , Gallazzi Anna , de Graaff Anna , Maseda Michael , Meidt Sharon E. , Muzzin Adam , Sobral David , Wu Po-Feng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We compare dynamical mass estimates based on spatially extended stellar and ionized gas kinematics (M
dyn,* and M
dyn,eml, respectively) of 157 star-forming galaxies at 0.6 ≤ z < 1. Compared with z ∼ 0, these galaxies have enhanced star formation rates, with stellar feedback likely affecting the dynamics of the gas. We use LEGA-C DR3, the highest-redshift data set that provides sufficiently deep measurements of a K

s
-band limited sample. For M
dyn,*, we use Jeans anisotropic multi-Gaussian expansion models. For M
dyn,eml, we first fit a custom model of a rotating exponential disk with uniform dispersion, whose light is projected through a slit and corrected for beam smearing. We then apply an asymmetric drift correction based on assumptions common in the literature to the fitted kinematic components to obtain the circular velocity, assuming hydrostatic equilibrium. Within the half-light radius, M
dyn,eml is on average lower than M
dyn,*, with a mean offset of –0.15 ± 0.016 dex and galaxy-to-galaxy scatter of 0.19 dex, reflecting the combined random uncertainty. While data of higher spatial resolution are needed to understand this small offset, it supports the assumption that the galaxy-wide ionized gas kinematics do not predominantly originate from disruptive events such as star formation–driven outflows. However, a similar agreement can be obtained without modeling from the integrated emission line dispersions for axis ratios q < 0.8. This suggests that our current understanding of gas kinematics is not sufficient to efficiently apply asymmetric drift corrections to improve dynamical mass estimates compared with observations lacking the signal-to-noise ratio required for spatially extended dynamics.
Density Turbulence and the Angular Broadening of Outer Heliospheric Radio Sources at High Latitudes and in the Ecliptic Plane
Authors: Tasnim Samira , Zank Gary. P. , Cairns Iver H. , Adhikari L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Density irregularities are responsible for the scattering of radio waves in the solar wind and astrophysical plasmas. These irregularities significantly affect the inferred physical properties of radio sources, such as size, direction, and intensity. We present here a theory of angular broadening due to the scattering of radio waves by density irregularities that improves the existing formalism used to investigate radio wave scattering in the outer heliosphere and the very local interstellar medium. The model includes an inner scale and both latitudinal and radial dependencies for the density fluctuation spectra and propagation paths for the radiation both near and out of the ecliptic plane. Based on the pickup-ion-mediated solar wind model (PUI model) of Zank et al., we estimate the turbulence and solar wind quantities for the high-latitude fast solar wind. The predictions include the density variance, inner/dissipation scale, velocity correlation length, mean magnetic field, and proton temperature. The density turbulence amplitude is estimated in two ways. First, a simple scaling technique is used to extend the theoretical predictions of the PUI model for the high-latitude wind beyond the heliospheric termination shock. Second, the solar wind and turbulence quantities are calculated near the ecliptic plane using plasma and magnetometer data from the Voyager 2 spacecraft over the period 1977–2018. Based on the turbulence models and observations, we calculate the scattering angle of the radio sources in the high-latitude and near-ecliptic wind. Finally, we compare the numerical results with the analytic predictions from Cairns and Armstrong et al. and the observed source sizes.
Search for Lensing Signatures from the Latest Fast Radio Burst Observations and Constraints on the Abundance of Primordial Black Holes
Authors: Zhou Huan , Li Zhengxiang , Liao Kai , Niu Chenhui , Gao He , Huang Zhiqi , Huang Lu , Zhang Bing 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The possibility that primordial black holes (PBHs) form some part of dark matter has been considered for a long time but poorly constrained over a wide mass range. Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are bright radio transients with millisecond duration. Their lensing effect has been proposed to be one of the cleanest probes for constraining the presence of PBHs in the stellar-mass window. In this paper, we first apply the normalized cross-correlation algorithm to search and identify candidates for lensed FRBs in the latest public FRB observations, i.e., 593 FRBs, which mainly consist of the first Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment FRB catalog, and then derive constraints on the abundance of PBHs from the null search result of the lensing signature. For a monochromatic mass distribution, the fraction of dark matter made up of PBHs could be constrained to ≤87% for ≥500 M
⊙ at the 95% confidence level by assuming signal-to-noise ratios dependent on the flux ratio threshold for each FRB and that apparently one-off events are intrinsic single bursts. This result would be improved by a factor of 3 when a conventional constant flux ratio threshold is considered. Moreover, we derive constraints on PBHs with a log-normal mass function naturally predicted by some popular inflation models and often investigated with gravitational-wave detections. We find that, in this mass distribution scenario, the constraint from the current public FRB observations is relatively weaker than the one from gravitational-wave detections. It is foreseen that upcoming complementary multimessenger observations will yield considerable constraints on the possibilities of PBHs in this intriguing mass window.
Optical to X-Ray Signatures of Dense Circumstellar Interaction in Core-collapse Supernovae
Authors: Margalit Ben , Quataert Eliot , Ho Anna Y. Q. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Progenitors of core-collapse supernovae (SNe) can shed significant mass to circumstellar material (CSM) in the months to years preceding core collapse. The ensuing SN explosion launches ejecta that may subsequently collide with this CSM, producing shocks that can power emissions across the electromagnetic spectrum. In this work we explore the thermal signatures of dense CSM interaction when the CSM density profile is truncated at some outer radius. CSM with optical depth >c/v (where v is the shock velocity) will produce primarily ∼blackbody optical/UV emission, whereas lower optical depth CSM will power bremsstrahlung X-ray emission. Focusing on the latter, we derive light curves and spectra of the resulting X-ray transients that include a detailed treatment of Comptonization. Due to strong photoelectric absorption, the X-ray light curve is dominated by the postinteraction phase that occurs after the shock reaches the CSM truncation radius. We treat this regime here for the first time. Using these results, we present the phase space of optical, UV, and X-ray transients as a function of CSM properties, and discuss detectability prospects. We find that ROSAT would not have been sensitive to CSM X-ray transients but that eROSITA is expected to detect many such events. Future wide-field UV missions such as the Ultraviolet Transient Astronomy Satellite will dramatically enhance sensitivity to large optical depth CSM configurations. Finally, we present a framework within which CSM properties may be directly inferred from observable features of X-ray transients. This can serve as an important tool for studying stellar mass loss using SN X-ray detections.