bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The study of spatial autocorrelation for infectious disease epidemiology decision-making: a systematized literature review
Authors: Mergenthaler Christina , Gurp Margo , Rood Ente , Bakker Mirjam 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In recent years, the global spread of communicable diseases such as Ebola and COVID-19 has stressed the need for clear, geographically targeted, and actionable public health recommendations at appropriate spatial scales. Country-level stakeholders are increasingly utilizing spatial data and spatial decision support systems to optimize resource allocation, and researchers have access to a growing library of spatial data, tools, and software. Application of spatial methods, however, varies widely between researchers, resulting in often unstandardized results, which may be difficult to compare across geographical settings. This literature review aims to compare epidemiological studies, which applies methods including spatial autocorrelation to describe, explain, or predict spatial patterns underlying infectious disease health outcomes, and to describe whether those studies provide clear recommendations. The results of our analysis show an increasing trend in the number of publications applying spatial analysis in epidemiological research per year, with COVID-19, tuberculosis and dengue predominantly studied (43% of n = 98 total articles), and a majority of publication coming from Asia (62%). Spatial autocorrelation was quantified in the majority of studies (72%), and 57 (58%) of articles include some form of statistical modeling of which 11 (19%) accounted for spatial autocorrelation in the model. Most studies (68%) provided some level of recommendation regarding how results should be interpreted for future research or policy development, however often using vague, cautious terms. We recommend the development of standards for spatial epidemiological methods and reporting, and for spatial epidemiological studies to more clearly propose how their findings support or challenge current public health practice.
Suckling strategies in terrestrial ungulates (Artiodactyla, Perissodactyla) and the factors influencing them: the offspring perspective
Authors: Skok Janko 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn order to survive, ungulate young obtain their mother’s colostrum and milk through a variety of suckling strategies. Here, these strategies and the factors that influence them are reviewed and interpreted primarily from the perspective of the young. Suckling strategies are determined by a variety of factors, some of which play a role even before birth. Neonatal suckling behaviour depends first on the type of placenta and the developmental stage of the young at birth. Ungulates have an epitheliochorial placenta in which transplacental transport of immunoglobulins is impeded. Therefore, they are born in a hypo−/agammaglobulinemic state hence, timely intake of sufficient colostrum is a life-or-death situation and an unsuccessful suckling strategy is likely to result in death. Precociality enables the newborn ungulate to actively participate in the suckling process immediately after birth, which is critically important. After the prenatally defined physiological needs are satisfied, young suckling strategy is influenced by other factors. Continuous milk production requires constant use and stimulation of the mammary gland. Brain lateralization has also been found to play a role in suckling behaviour. Finally, competition between siblings or peers in the social group also influences young suckling strategies. Sibling competition particularly affects polytocous ungulates and leads to suckling order, for example. Similarly, interactions within the social group create the conditions for the emergence of specific strategies, including allosuckling, strategy of suckling a non-filial mother. The young suckling strategies in ungulates basically represent an evolutionary intertwining of offspring selfishness and selection that maximises inclusive fitness.
Nonlinear optical absorption of Co3(PO4)2·4H2O nanosheets in broadband spectra
Authors: Wang Chang , Duan Ran , Xiao Xingcheng , Wang Yingwei , Chen Zhihui , Li Yejun , Xiao Si , He Jun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Long hexagonal Co3(PO4)2·4H2O nanosheets were synthesized using a hydrothermal method, where their nonlinearity was probed via a femtosecond Z-scan system. The results show that the Co3(PO4)2·4H2O nanosheets exhibit saturable absorption when the incident photon energy is greater than the forbidden band width, while optical limiting is found when the incident photon energy is smaller than the forbidden band width. In particular, the obtained Co3(PO4)2·4H2O nanosheets demonstrate the best optical limiting properties at 600 nm. The present study suggests the cobalt phosphates nanosheets as a promising candidate for optical limiters.
Power management strategy for unidirectional current pulsed triboelectric nanogenerator
Authors: Zhang Zhihao , Gu Guangqin , Gu Guangxiang , Cheng Gang , Du Zuliang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Power management circuit (PMC) can efficiently store the output energy of pulsed triboelectric nanogenerator (Pulsed-TENG). Unidirectional current Pulsed-TENG (UP-TENG) has the advantage of without using rectifier bridge. However, the energy storage efficiency is limited for large capacitors at low capacitor voltage (<10 V). To solve this problem, PMC is optimized here. Firstly, rectifier diode is used to reduce the energy loss. Energy storage efficiency of PMC using rectifier diode (D-PMC) is higher than that of conventional PMC. Then, appropriate inductor is used to further form the optimized PMC (O-PMC), which reduces the energy loss of inductor. Results show that O-PMC using 100 μH inductor has the highest energy storage efficiency. The actual test energy storage efficiency of O-PMC is 30.6%, which 3.4 times higher than that of D-PMC. Finally, an external capacitor is connected to electrodes of UP-TENG to form the EUP-TENG, which improves charging speed and output voltage of O-PMC. O-PMC using EUP-TENG can stably power calculator at low motion frequencies. O-PMC can be widely used in self-powered systems.
Leveraging negative capacitance ferroelectric materials for performance boosting of sub-10 nm graphene nanoribbon field-effect transistors: a quantum simulation study
Authors: Tamersit Khalil , Moaiyeri Mohammad Hossein , Jooq Mohammad Khaleqi Qaleh 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this paper, an ultrascaled ballistic graphene nanoribbon field-effect transistor (GNRFET) endowed with a compound double-gate based on metal-ferroelectric-metal (MFM) structure is proposed to overcome the limitations encountered with its conventional counterpart. The ballistic transistor is computationally investigated by solving self-consistently the non-equilibrium Green’s function formalism and the Poisson solver in conjunction with the Landau–Khalatnikov equation. The numerical investigation has included the ferroelectric-induced amplified internal metal voltage, the role of the ferroelectric thickness in boosting the device performance, the assessment of the switching and subthreshold performance, and the analysis of the FE-GNRFET scaling capability. The simulations revealed that the MFM-based gate can significantly boost the performance of GNRFETs, including the switching behavior, the on-current, the off-current, the current ratio, the swing factor, the intrinsic delay, and the scaling capability. More importantly, the proposed MFM GNRFET was found able to provide sub-thermionic subthreshold swing even with sub-10 nm gate lengths, which is very promising for low-power applications. The obtained results indicate that the MFM-based gating approach can give new impulses to the GNRFET technology.
Gravitational wave modes in matter
Authors: Garg Deepen , Dodin I.Y. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A general linear gauge-invariant equation for dispersive gravitational waves (GWs) propagating in matter is derived. This equation describes, on the same footing, both the usual tensor modes and the gravitational modes strongly coupled with matter. It is shown that the effect of matter on the former is comparable to diffraction and therefore negligible within the geometrical-optics approximation. However, this approximation is applicable to modes strongly coupled with matter due to their large refractive index. GWs in ideal gas are studied using the kinetic average-Lagrangian approach and the gravitational polarizability of matter that we have introduced earlier. In particular, we show that this formulation subsumes the kinetic Jeans instability as a collective GW mode with a peculiar polarization, which is derived from the dispersion matrix rather than assumed a priori. This forms a foundation for systematically extending GW theory to GW interactions with plasmas, where symmetry considerations alone are insufficient to predict the wave polarization.
Frequency down-conversion of a chirped Ti:sapphire laser pulse with BaWO4 Raman shifter and second-order nonlinear crystal
Authors: Kinyaevskiy I O , Koribut A V , Grudtsyn Ya V , Seleznev L V , Kovalev V I , Pushkarev D V , Dunaeva E E , Ionin A A 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We experimentally carried out frequency conversion of a chirped and stretched up to 200 ps near-IR 90 fs Ti:Sapphire laser pulse into the mid-IR through difference frequency generation in either GaSe or LiGaS2 crystal. The crystal was pumped by laser radiation that passed through a BaWO4 crystal, where Stokes frequency-shifted radiation (signal wave) was generated through SRS. The generated ∼60 nJ mid-IR pulse had a central wavelength of 11.1 μm and FWHM spectral width of about 0.2 μm, which made it possible to achieve a pulse duration of ∼0.9 ps after its compression. The mid-IR pulse generation efficiency was ∼10−3% at SRS efficiency of 3%. To the best of our knowledge, this all solid-state scheme combining Raman shifting and second-order nonlinear crystals achieves the frequency down-conversion of femtosecond near-IR laser pulses to ∼11 μm radiation for the first time.
Ultrathin gold nanowires as broadband saturable absorbers for ultrashort pulsed lasers
Authors: Li Siqing , Lv Changjian , Luo Hongyu , Cui Linghao , Jia Zhixu , Li Jianfeng , Qin Weiping , Qin Guanshi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Ultrathin gold nanowires (UGNWs) with a diameter of ⩽2 nm have attracted much attention because of their high aspect ratios, unusual physical properties and potential applications in nanoelectronics, sensors and photonics. Despite recent advances on UGNWs and the related devices, nonlinear optical properties of UGNWs and their application on photonic devices (e.g. ultrashort pulsed lasers) remain largely unexplored. Here we show that UGNWs can be used as broadband saturable absorbers (SAs) for constructing ultrashort pulsed lasers with an operating wavelength range from near-infrared to mid-infrared (MIR). UGNWs are prepared by using a silane-mediated approach, and then mixed with polyvinyl alcohol to form the UGNWs film. The UGNWs film not only show strong absorption from visible to MIR spectral region (over 25 μm), but also possess the nonlinear saturable absorption properties in the spectral region. As the UGNWs film SA is inserted into an erbium or thulium doped silica fiber laser cavity, stable passively mode-locked lasers at 1562.2 or 1970 nm with a pulse width of a few hundreds of femtoseconds is obtained, respectively. Especially, by inserting the UGNWs film SA into a holmium/praseodymium codoped fluoride fiber laser cavity, stable passively mode-locked laser at 2864 nm is achieved. Our results show that the UGNWs film are promising SAs for constructing broadband ultrashort pulsed lasers.
Real-time observation of dissipative multi-soliton complexes in a net-normal dispersion fiber laser
Authors: Geng Xu , Wang Xude , Pan Jieyu , Li Kaixin , Lu Mengxiang , Sun Mengqiu , Li Suwen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Recent progress in real-time measurement technology makes it possible to spectrally characterize multi-soliton complexes. Here, we report on real-time observation to the multi-pulse structures in a net-normal dispersion mode-locked fiber laser. With careful adjustment of cavity parameters, several kinds of multi-soliton complexes, such as the coexistence of soliton singlet and soliton molecule, as well as the coexistence of different types of soliton molecules, are realized in the experiment. Real-time spectral information of each pulse under multi-soliton states can be well resolved with the dispersive Fourier transformation technique, which is markedly different from the results measured by conventional measurement instruments. Note that this is the first reported the simultaneous generation of different types of soliton molecules in a fiber laser to our best knowledge. The findings help to understand the complicated dynamics of the coexisting pattern between different kinds of dissipative solitons.
Nonlinear point-process estimation of neural spiking activity based on variational Bayesian inference
Authors: Xiao Ping , Liu Xinsheng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objective. Understanding neural encoding and decoding processes are crucial to the development of brain-machine interfaces (BMI). Higher decoding speed of neural signals is required for the large-scale neural data and the extremely low detection delay of closed-loop feedback experiment. Approach. To achieve higher neural decoding speed, we proposed a novel adaptive higher-order nonlinear point-process filter based on the variational Bayesian inference (VBI) framework, called the HON-VBI. This algorithm avoids the complex Monte Carlo random sampling in the traditional method. Using the VBI method, it can quickly implement inferences of state posterior distribution and the tuning parameters. Main results. Our result demonstrates the effectiveness and advantages of the HON-VBI by application for decoding the multichannel neural spike trains of the simulation data and real data. Compared with traditional methods, the HON-VBI greatly reduces the decoding time of large-scale neural spike trains. Through capturing the nonlinear evolution of system state and accurate estimating of time-varying tuning parameters, the decoding accuracy is improved. Significance. Our work can be applied to rapidly decode large-scale multichannel neural spike trains in BMIs.
Local and non-local properties of the entanglement Hamiltonian for two disjoint intervals
Authors: Eisler Viktor , Tonni Erik , Peschel Ingo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We consider free-fermion chains in the ground state and the entanglement Hamiltonian for a subsystem consisting of two separated intervals. In this case, one has a peculiar long-range hopping between the intervals in addition to the well-known and dominant short-range hopping. We show how the continuum expressions can be recovered from the lattice results for general filling and arbitrary intervals. We also discuss the closely related case of a single interval located at a certain distance from the end of a semi-infinite chain and the continuum limit for this problem. Finally, we show that for the double interval in the continuum a commuting operator exists which can be used to find the eigenstates.
Evaluation of Two-Part rain attenuation model at Ku-band for tropical and equatorial regions
Authors: Yagasena  
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The current ITU rain attenuation model that is used in the design of satellite-earth communication link was derived using data collected predominantly from temperate regions and has limitations when applied to tropical and equatorial regions that are characterized by heavy rainfall. Elevation and frequency scaling was applied to the rain attenuation data obtained from tropical and equatorial regions to validate the linear relationship for rain rates above 90 mm/h in the TPRA model. Analysis of the data from these regions also confirms the linear relationship between the rain attenuation and rain rates above 90 mm/h. The TPRA model can be considered as an alternative model for a reliable satellite-earth link for use in the tropical and equatorial regions.
Performance of Restricted Fault and Bias Differential Protection Against Earth Fault on a Transformer
Authors: Hashim N.H. , Halim N.H. , Arshad S.N.M. , Hussain M.H. , Rahim S.R.A. , Suleiman A.A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the effectiveness of restricted earth fault and bias differential protection against earth fault on of transformer winding is presented. Earth fault is one of the failures that occurs on a power transformer winding. Its magnitude depends on how the neutral is connected and the location of fault. For a transformer which is connected to Neutral Earth Resistance (NER), as the fault moves towards its neutral, the magnitude of fault current decreases and the detection of fault diminishes, thus limiting percentage of winding that can be protected. To overcome this problem, restricted earth fault is employed. This paper will show that based on its principles, restricted earth fault protection is more sensitive and provide better coverage for the star winding against earth fault especially resistance earthed.
Design and Implementation of an Automatic Speed Control System of Vehicles for Avoiding Road Accidents in Bangladesh
Authors: Hafsa Umme , Arifin Farhadur 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Road accident has been a major problem in Bangladesh in recent years. An automatic speed control system is proposed in this paper to reduce road accidents by controlling the speed of the vehicle automatically. The main idea of the proposed system is to design a speed control system where the vehicle can adjust the speed depending upon the speed limit of the road. The designed system includes a sensor unit, a microcontroller unit and a functional unit. In the sensor unit, different sensors are used to perceive information to control the speed of vehicles. In the functional unit, a throttle automation system and brake automation system are introduced. This functional unit is mainly based on an electrical throttle control mechanism. Finally, the microcontroller is applied for taking decisions regarding the speed control of vehicles. This system shows a good prospect for speed control of the vehicles. Thus, it can able to reduce road accidents in Bangladesh.
Real Time Retinal Optic Disc Segmentation via Guided filter and Discrete Wavelet Transform
Authors: Dash Sonali , Satish Rama Chowdary P. , Chakravarthy V.V.S.S.S. , Gopala Raju C.V. , Sahu Gupteswar , Siva Charan KJN , Umamaheshwar Y. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In the world, glaucoma is the one of the main causes for loosing vision. Optical Coherence Tomography or fundus camera is utilized to capture the optic disc and optic cup images. For the detection of glaucoma and afterwards monitoring the patients, investigation of the head of optic nerve or cup-to-disc ratio (CDR) is an important factor. For computing the CDR value, segmentation of optic disc and optic cup are utilized for the isolation of the relevant parts of the fundus image. Even though ophthalmologists are computing the CDR value physically, however, it limits the identification of glaucoma at the early stage. The accurate value of CDR is hard to find out if the optic cup and optic disc are not well defined properly. Thus, this paper has suggested a combined model of Guided filter and Discrete Wave Transform (DWT) for the enhancement and OD segmentation. Hysteresis thresholding is utilized for the optic cup segmentation. A set of 50 images of 25 patients are obtained from Visakha Eye Hospital, Visakhapatnam, India, is used to verify the performance of the suggested model. The recommended approach is also verified on the glaucoma subset of High-Resolution Fundus (HRF) database. The experimental results of both the databases demonstrate that the CDR value is computed accurately with low computational time.
Study of Cu-doped silicene nanoribbons in the electric field
Authors: Ngoc Hoang Van 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This work studies copper doping in silicene nanoribbons. The electric field acting on the system has a constant magnitude of 0.4V/Å. The unit lattice studied here consists of twelve silicon atoms and four hydrogen atoms in one unit cell, hydrogen atoms to modify two edges. There are two doped structures studied, the top stucture and the valley structure, each with one substitution doped Cu atom per unit cell. The theory used to study computation here is density functional theory (DFT). The formation energies, state bands and energy regions of the doped system are calculated and plotted. Thanks to the copper doping process and the influence of the electric magnetic field, the system after doping becomes semi-metallic. The top doped structure shows more optimization and stability. In the quest to find new materials with features that match the requirements of practice, this is a promising study. This study lays the groundwork for future applications in electronic technology.
Series Arc Fault Detection Sensor Based on an ABS Rogowski Coil in Medium Voltage
Authors: Nanyan A.N. , Rohani M.N.K.H. , Hamid H.A. , Bohari Z.H. , Akhmal S 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Three types of Rogowski coils were designed and constructed by utilising 3D printing technology: RC1, RC2, and RC3, with the sensors having the same geometrical dimensions but varying number of turns: 20, 50, and 100 respectively. To verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed sensors, a series arc fault generator was set up and high voltage of up to 3-kV was injected. The analysis of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) was done by using MATLAB to determine frequency and voltage amplitude. From the analysis, it was determined that the higher the number of turns, the greater the sensitivity. The resonance frequency (MHz) dropped significantly as the number of turns increased. Furthermore, sensor features such as frequency bandwidth and sensitivity are affected by the number of turns, which was thoroughly investigated in this study. The Rogowski coil was created to detect the high frequency component of the series arc fault signal. All the designed sensors reliably detect the series arc fault signal, according to the experimental results.
Blockchain-Based Smart Contract for P2P Energy Trading in a Microgrid Environment
Authors: Kajaan Nor Ashbahani Mohamad , Amidi Nurul Hanisa Nor , Salam Zainal , Radzi Raja Zahilah Raja Mohd 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to propose a method of peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading that allow prosumers with energy deficiency to buy energy from prosumers with excess energy in a microgrid system. The proposed method solves the problems associated with lack of trust in P2P energy trading and utilized the blockchain technology that made it impossible to tamper with data. The data is referred as transaction generated by using blockchain. A blockchain based smart contract execute the trading and payment rules without the intermediaries. Thus, the security and fairness of energy trading are significantly enhanced compared to conventional database technology. Without the third-party intervention, a miner that is selected among the participants in the microgrid environment process all the transaction generated from buying and selling energy. The smart contract consists of two main components; bidding and settlement module, payment module. The smart contract deployed in blockchain test network to test the interaction of smart contract. From the simulation, the proposed method is validated using realistic data with the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). The method will be expected to be useful to designers who need to integrate renewable energy in a microgrid system.