bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Residue Dissipation, Degradation Dynamics, and Dietary Risk Assessment of Mandipropamid in Ginseng Under Field Application
Authors: Hou Zhiguang , Hou Xingang , Wei Li-Ping , Cao Zhanwen , Lu Zhou , Liu Hanju , Lu Zhongbin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Mandipropamid, a new fungicide for oomycete disease, has a strong effect on the blight of many crops and has been registered for the treatment of ginseng blight in China. However, no maximum residue limit (MRL) of mandipropamid has been identified for ginseng, and there have been few related studies. We established and verified the analysis method of mandipropamid in ginseng using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The method has good linearity and accuracy in the range of 0.002–0.5 mg/kg. The average recovery of mandipropamid was 87.4–101.6%, and the standard deviation was 1.1–10.1. The degradation dynamics showed that the half-life of mandipropamid in ginseng plant and soil was 13.8–28.0 and 9.8–27.4 d, respectively. After the recommended dose of mandipropamid was applied once, the residual content of mandipropamid in fresh ginseng, dried ginseng, red ginseng, ginseng plant, and ginseng soil was <0.01–0.185, <0.01–0.265, 0.085–1.544, 0.075–4.800, and <0.01–0.014 mg/kg, respectively. The dietary risk assessment of mandipropamid on ginseng showed that the risk quotient value was far less than 100%, indicating that the recommended dose of mandipropamid does not cause unacceptable risks to humans. Mandipropamid in ginseng plants and soil rapidly degraded following first-order kinetics models. After the recommended dose of mandipropamid was applied once, it did not cause unacceptable risks to humans. This study not only provides a reasonable spray dosage of mandipropamid to ginseng, but also offers a reference for the establishment of MRLs in China.
Water Down Acid Pretreatment of Wheat Stubble Agro-residues to Eliminate Non-process Components Meant for Papermaking and Its Impact on Mechanical Strength Properties of Paper Products
Authors: Alam Izhar , Sharma Chhaya 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Wheat stubble agro-residues material contains lingo-cellulose with high level of extractives and metal ions, which may be able to instigate some harmful impacts on the papermaking process. Pretreatment of stubble on the removal of metal ions and extractive and its impact on the content of chemical constituents like holocelluose, lignin, silica, the pulping yield as well as the mechanical properties of paper were examined in the laboratory. Acid pretreatment significantly reduced the content of the metal ions with about more than 50%. The conditions for acid pretreatment of the material were optimized to pH-2 at 5% consistency for 1 hour retention time with more benefits in extractives and metal ions removal and less impact on cellulose degradation. The demand for active alkali charge during pulpmaking was observed to be about 3% lower for the pretreated material as compared to the untreated one. Along with the chemical conservation, a higher pulping yield of about 6 – 7 % was also observed for acid pretreated materials. Improved thickness, more crystalline and a high degree of polymerization of cellulose fibre were noticed due to acid pretreatment and the pulp obtained from acid pretreated material showed improved mechanical strength properties (tensile, tear, burst strength etc.). The study revealed that pretreatment of agro-residue material with dilute acid (optimized conditions) could be used to remove the non-process component and make it suitable for utilization in papermaking process with improved mechanical properties in the paper products.
Impact of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy on Long-Term Renal Function after Coronary Angiography and Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography
Authors: Moriya Hidekazu , Mochida Yasuhiro , Ishioka Kunihiro , Oka Machiko , Maesato Kyoko , Yamano Mizuki , Suzuki Hiroyuki , Ohtake Takayasu , Hidaka Sumi , Kobayashi Shuzo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background It remains unclear whether contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) has a prognostic impact on subsequent renal dysfunction and whether deteriorating renal function is a risk factor for CIN. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of CIN in patients with pre-existing renal dysfunction and investigate the long-term effects of worsening renal function after coronary angiography or contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). The prognostic factors of worsening renal dysfunction were also analyzed. Methods This was a prospective cohort study of patients at risk for CIN, defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 on coronary angiography or eGFR <45 mL/min/1.73 m2 on contrast-enhanced CT. Serum creatinine levels and the 2-year prognosis were evaluated. CIN was defined as an increase in serum creatinine level by more than 0.5 mg/dL or a 25% increase from the previous value within 72 hours after contrast administration. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients who had serum Cr doubling or induction of dialysis within 2 years according to CIN occurrence. Results Of the 410 patients, 19 patients developed CIN (8/142 patients on coronary angiography and 11/268 patients on contrast-enhanced CT), and 38 patients had worsened renal function (21/142 patients on coronary angiography and 17/268 patients on contrast-enhanced CT). CIN was not associated with worsening renal function at 2 years. Analysis by renal function at the time of coronary angiography or contrast-enhanced CT (i.e., eGFR ≥30 ml/min/1.73 m2 and eGFR ≤1.73 m2) found no between-group difference in the occurrence of CIN. Conclusions CIN is not a prognostic risk factor for the long-term of chronic kidney disease after coronary angiography or contrast-enhanced CT. Pre-existing renal dysfunction is also not a risk factor for CIN, even if the eGFR is <30ml/min/1.73 m2.
Bioinformatics Analysis to Identify MEG3-hsa-miR-222-3p-NRG1/CLVS2 Axis as a Prognostic Biomarker in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Pan Ke-Hao , Chen Ming 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective: To establish the competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network related to phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) in prostate cancer (PCa), and screen messenger RNA (mRNA), microRNA (miRNA) and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) related to the prognosis of PCa to provide a theoretical basis for the diagnosis and prognosis of PCa.Methods: Transcriptome data of 498 prostate cancer samples and 52 normal prostate samples were extracted in Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and differential expression (DE) lncRNAs, miRNA and mRNA were screened. The CytoHubba plug-in was used to identify the triple regulatory network of hub genes. On this basis, the PTEN-related ceRNA regulatory network was constructed. Kaplan-Meyer method was used to explore the related factors about the prognosis of PRAD patients. The gene ontology(GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) were performed to explore functional annotation and enrichment pathways.Results: Amount to 1918 DElncRNAs, 68 DEmiRNAs and 2920 DEmRNAs were screened. And 8 lncRNAs, 7 miRNAs and 525 mRNAs were incorporated to build the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA triple regulatory network by Cytoscape software. The enrichment analysis of GO and KEGG showed that these interaction proteins function mainly enriched in chemotaxis, urogenital system development and cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation. Three lncRNAs (MEG3, AGAP11, and ADAMTS9-AS2), five miRNAs (miR-93-3p, miR-141-3p, miR-222-3p, miR-590-3p and miR-3619-5a) and six mRNAs (NRG1, SHH, TIMP3, CLVS2, NFAT5 and ADAM22) were identified by the Cytoscape plug-in cytoHubba. Kaplan-Meier analysis screened out 2 DEmRNAs(NRG1 and CLVS2), 1 DElncRNAs(MEG3) and 1 DEmiRNA(miR-222-3p), which were associated with the prognosis of PRAD (P<0.05). Finally, we established a PTEN-related MEG3-hsa-miR-222-3p-NRG1/CLVS2 ceRNA network in PRAD. NRG1 and CLVS2 were related with methylation and immune infiltration in PRAD, which were high expressssion in PRAD by Immunohistochemical analysis.Conclusion: In this study, the key RNAs related to PRAD prognosis are screened out by constructing the PTEN-related ceRNA regulatory network of PRAD, which provides a theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of PRAD.
Identification of Essential Proteins based on Non-negative Matrix Factorization
Authors: Zhang Zhihong , Hu Sai , Yan Wei , Zhao Bihai , Wang Lei 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
BackgroundIdentification of essential proteins will provide valuable information for medicine and other related disciplines, especially for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and drug design. Various different computational methods have been proposed to identify essential proteins based on protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. However, there has been reliable evidence that a huge amount of false negatives and false positives exist in PPI data. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the influence of false data on accuracy of essential proteins prediction by integrating multi-source biological information with PPI networks.ResultsIn this paper, we proposed a non-negative matrix factorization and multiple biological information based model (NDM) for identifying essential proteins. The first stage in this progress was to construct a weighted PPI network by combing the information of protein domain, protein complex and the topology characteristic of the original PPI network. Then, the non-negative matrix factorization technique was used to reconstruct an optimized PPI network with whole enough weight of edges. In the final stage, the ranking score of each protein was computed by the PageRank algorithm in which the initial scores were calculated with homologous and subcellular localization information. In order to verify the effectiveness of the NDM method, we compared the NDM with other state-of-the-art essential protein prediction methods. The comparison of the results obtained from different methods indicated that our NDM model has better performance in predicting essential proteins.ConclusionEmploying the non-negative matrix factorization method and integrating multi-source biological data can effectively improve quality of the PPI network, which resulted in the led to optimization of the performance essential protein identification. This will also provide a new perspective for other prediction based on protein-protein interaction networks.
Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Behaviours, and the Oral Health Status of School- Going Adolescent Boys and Young Men in Kampala, Uganda
Authors: Ssekamatte Tonny , Matovu Joseph KB , Kabwama Steven Ndugwa , Ssenkusu John , Wanyenze Rhoda K. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Universal access to safe drinking water, sanitation and hygiene services is an essential component of keeping young people in school. However, much of the focus has been directed towards meeting the sanitation and hygiene needs of school-going adolescent girls and young women with limited attention to their male school-going counterparts. We determined the oral health status and good hand hygiene practices and the factors associated with good hand hygiene practices among adolescent boys and young men (ABYM) in Kampala, Uganda.
Materials and methods
This cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1,869 school-going ABYM, who were randomly selected at household level from the five administrative divisions of Kampala, Uganda. A modified Poisson regression model was used to establish the factors associated with good hand hygiene practices (i.e. defined as always washing hands before eating and after visiting the latrine or toilet) among ABYM in Kampala.
Results
Overall, 81.4% (1,522/1,869) of the respondents had access to a drinking water source at their school. Nonetheless, 56.9% (1,064/1,869) carried water from home to drink while at school. Nearly all (98.9%, 1,849/1,869) respondents attended in schools that had sex-separated toilets/latrines; 95.6% (1,787/1,869) had safe toilets, while 97.0% (1,813/1,869) had latrines/toilets that provided for privacy. Only 42.5% (794/1,869) exhibited good hand hygiene practices. Good hand hygiene practices were associated with age 18-24 years (adjusted Prevalence Ratio [aPR] = 0.63; 95% Confidence Interval [95%CI]: 0.50, 0.78) and studying from a school with both handwashing and sanitary facilities (aPR=2.67; 95% CI: 1.84, 3.85). Slightly more than a quarter (26.4%, 495/1,869) of the respondents had at least one cavity in their teeth, 18.7% (349/1,869) had difficulty biting hard foods, 13.3% (248/1,869) had difficulty chewing, 6.0% (113/1,869) avoided laughing because of the appearance of their teeth and 16.1% (301/1,869) missed school in the last 12 months due to a toothache.
Conclusion
Our study revealed that the majority of the ABYM had access to basic drinking water and sanitation facilities while at school. However, their hand hygiene and oral health practices were sub-optimal. Our findings suggest a need for school authorities to intensify hygiene and oral health education in educational settings.
Perceived causes of mental illness and treatment practices by Traditional Healers of the Berta Community in Assosa, Ethiopia
Authors: Gutema Boki Tolasa , Mengstie Missaye Mulatie 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Traditional healers of the Berta community play important roles in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of patients who are with mental illness. The purpose of this study was to investigate the perceived causes of mental illness and their treatment methods used by the Berta community traditional healers. To achieve the intended objectives, seven well known traditional healers were selected using snowball sampling technique from the total Berta community. Data were collected using in-depth semi-structured one-to-one interviews, and they were analyzed by applying content analysis method. The findings of the study revealed that traditional healers of the Berta community detected mental illnesses through a detailed follow-up of a person’s behaviors/actions and his/her daily life activities. According to these traditional healers, curse/witchcraft, harsh social condition, hereditary, substance use,and food poising are considered as the main causes of mental illness. To treat mental illnesses caused by either of these causes, the traditional healers use traditional and religious books (Kitab), herbal medicine, and divination bones. These traditional healing way of identifying the causes, diagnosis methods and treatment options are culturally specific. This urges collaborative work and study between the modern mental illness treatment options and the indigenous healing mechanisms.
Optimal Answer Generation by Equivalent Transformation incorporating Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Miura Katsunori , Powell Courtney , Munetomo Masaharu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This paper proposes a framework for time-efficiently finding multiple answers that meet multiple logical constraints and are Pareto-optimal for multiple objective functions. The proposed framework determines a set of optimal answers by iteratively replacing a set of definite clauses. Clause replacement is performed using a SAT solver consisting of equivalent transformation rules (ETRs). An ETR replaces a definite clause with one or more clauses while preserving the declarative meaning of the union of the original clause and problem clauses. To efficiently find optimal answers, in this paper, we define a new class of ETRs that are generated based on the evaluation results of a multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA), and propose a method for generating ETRs that belong to the new class. ETRs belonging to the new class help to replace definite clauses according to user objectives such as cost--benefit performance, reliability, and financial constraints. Thus, a SAT solver that uses the new ETR class in addition to extant ETR classes can preferentially replace definite clauses that produce the optimal answer for user objectives. Experimental results indicate that the proposed framework can significantly reduce the computation time and memory usage necessary to determine a set of optimal answers for user objectives.
Cytogenetic and developmental toxicity of bisphenol A and bisphenol S in Arbacia lixula sea urchins embryos
Authors: Rezg Raja , Oral Rahime , Tez Serkan , Mornagui Bessem , Pagano Giovanni , Trifuoggi Marco 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Bisphenol S (BP-S) is one of the most important substitutes of bisphenol A (BP-A), and its environmental occurrence is predicted to intensify in the future. Both BP-A and BP-S were tested for adverse effects on early life stages of Arbacia lixula sea urchins at 0.1 up to 100 µM test concentrations, by evaluating developmental and cytogenetic toxicity endpoints. Embryonic malformations and/or mortality were scored to determine embryotoxicity (72 h post-fertilization, p-f). Cytogenetic toxicity was measured as mitotic activity endpoints and chromosome aberrations score in embryos (6 h p-f). Both BP-A and BP-S exposures induced embryotoxic effects from 2.5 to 100 µM test concentrations as compared to controls. Malformed embryo percentages following BP-A exposure were significantly higher than in BP-S-exposed embryos from 0.25 µM to 100 µM (with a ~5-fold difference). BP-A, not BP-S exhibited cytogenetic anomalies at 25 and 100 µM. Our results indicate an embryotoxic potential of bisphenols during critical periods of development with a potent rank order to BP-A vs. BP-S.
The Role of Systemic Immune-inflammation Index in the Severity of Hyperemesis Gravidarum
Authors: Beser Dilek Menekse , Oluklu Deniz , Hendem Derya Uyan , Ayhan Sule Goncu , Sahin Dilek 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Purpose
Hyperemesis gravidarum (HEG) is one of the most common causes of hospitalization in early pregnancy. Complete blood count parameters can be used as inflammatory markers in patients with HEG. We aimed to investigate the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) in predicting the severity of HEG.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was performed with pregnant women who were hospitalized in the Perinatology Department, Ankara City Hospital, with the diagnosis of HEG. The study data were obtained from the electronic database of Ankara City Hospital. The study parameters were calculated from complete blood count tests and urine analysis.
Results
A total of 469 pregnant women diagnosed with HEG were included in this study. There was a positive correlation between the increased degree of ketonuria and SII. The cut-off value of SII for predicting the severity of HEG was 1071.8, sensitivity and specificity were 59% and 59%, respectively. The cutoff value of SII to predict the length of hospitalization was 1073.6, p= 0.039; sensitivity and specificity were 56.3% and 55.5%, respectively.
Conclusions
Considering the positive relationship between ketonuria and inflammation markers, the evaluation of SII in pregnant women with HEG may facilitate the clinical management of these patients.
The Effectiveness of Vitamin C on Quinalphos Ileal Toxicity: A Study of Histological, Ultrastructural, and Oxidative Stress Markers
Authors: Zaki Mohamed Samir Ahmed , El-kott Attalla F. El-kott F. , AlGwaiz Hussah I.M. , Sideeg Abulqasim M. , Andarawi Mohamed , Eid Refaat A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
There is a significant hazard of human exposure to the organophosphates is a constant threat and they are responsible for numerous cases of poisoning and mammalian toxicity annually in non target wildlife. The antioxidants including the vitamin C (Vit C) have a protective effect on some organophosphorus compounds-induced organ damage. Quinalphos (QP) is one of these compounds. The investigation's objective is to see if there was any effect of QP on the rat ileum which could be rectified by using Vit C. Three groups of twenty-four animals were created. As a control, the first group was given pure water. Second group subjected to oral gavages of QPs. Third group rats were given oral gavages of Vit C plus QPs for 10 days. The reaction of ileal enterocytes to food-borne QPs was marked by poorly organized microvilli, numerous vacuoles within them, disrupted nuclei with chromatin margination, disoriented mitochondria, and an expanded intercellular space. The absorptive columnar cell illustrated many vacuoles inside with herniation of microvilli and normal goblet cells were also seen. Many Paneth cells towards the lumen of intestinal gland contained secretory granules of different sizes and shapes. The histological architecture of the ileal mucosa in the QP plus Vit C group was found to be close to those of healthy controls. The outcomes of this study suggest that administering Vit C to rats treated with QPs protects them from ileal dysfunction caused by QP.
Expanded CD1c+CD163+ DC3s population in synovial tissues is associated with disease progression of osteoarthritis
Authors: Qiu Guowei , Meng Lu , Xie Jun , Feng Hui , Sun Songtao , Gao Chenxin , Zhong Sheng , Xu Xirui , Kang Bingxin , Xu Hui , Zhao Chi , Ran Lei , Xinyu A , Xu Bo , Meng Xiaohui , Zhang Xiaoming , Xiao Lianbo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective: The mechanisms underlying osteoarthritis (OA) have recently been hypothesized to involve a dysfunctional immune system. This study aimed to evaluate the landscape of immune cells infiltrating synovial tissue and to determine their function in OA progression.Design: Synovial tissue, synovium fluid (SF) and peripheral blood were collected from 21 patients with OA. Mononuclear cells were isolated and characterized using flow cytometry. H&E staining and multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) histological assessment of synovial samples were performed. Cytokine levels in the SF were measured using ELISA.Results: We observed similar frequencies of immune cells in the synovium and SF, which were enriched in macrophages, T cells, and DCs. Notably, DC3s, CD1c+DC163+ 36 DCs, an inflammation-induced subpopulation of DCs, was significantly expanded in 37 the synovium and SF. Furthermore, we found that DC3s were primarily located within 38 the ectopic lymphoid-like structure (ELLS) in close proximity to CD8+ T cells. Finally, 39 the level of TNF-α and IL12p70 in the SF correlated with the severity of OA, suggesting 40 a possible link between DC3s and OA progression.Conclusion: These data suggest that OA is an immune system-related disease and that DC3s may play an active role in OA progression by promoting ELLS formation and inflammatory responses.
LED-pump-X-ray-multiprobe Crystallography for Sub-second Timescales
Authors: Raithby Paul , Hatcher Lauren , Warren Mark , Skelton Jonathan , Pallipurath Anuradha , Saunders Lucy , Allan David , Hathaway Paul , Crevatin Guilio , Omar David , Williams Benjamin , Wilson Chick 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We present a pump-multiprobe single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) technique for studying photoexcited solid-state species with millisecond-to-minute lifetimes. We excite using pulsed LEDs and synchronise to a gated X-ray detector to collect 3D structures with sub-second time resolution while maximising photo-conversion and minimising beam damage. Our implementation provides complete control of the pump-multiprobe sequencing and can access a range of timescales using the same setup. Using LEDs allows variation of the intensity and pulse width and ensures uniform illumination of the crystal, spreading the energy load in time and space. We demonstrate our method by studying the variable-temperature kinetics of photo-activated linkage isomerism in [Pd(Bu4dien)(NO2)][BPh4] single-crystals. We further show that our method extends to following indicative Bragg reflections with a continuous readout Timepix3 detector chip. Our approach is applicable to a range of physical and biological processes that occur on millisecond and slower timescales, which cannot be studied using existing techniques.