bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of milling on proximate composition, γ‐oryzanol, vitamin B1, polyphenolic, and bioaccessibility of phenolic of brown rice
Authors: Jiang Ping , Li Ren , Tian Xiao‐Hong , Liu Yan‐Xiang , Zhang Du‐Qin , Ren Fei , Liu Ming , Tan Bin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe effect of milling treatment on the nutrients of brown rice and the release of polyphenols during in vitro digestion were studied in this paper. As the milling degree increased, the protein, fat, and total dietary fiber content of brown rice decreased and the total starch content increased, the changes in fat and dietary fiber contents were more significant. The contents of γ‐oryzanol, vitamin B1, total phenolic, and total flavonoids all decreased to varying degrees with different milling times. The contents of 11 phenolic acids in brown rice were significantly reduced (p < .05). Additionally, the results of simulated digestion in vitro showed that the content of phenolic in gastric juice and intestinal juice all decreased with the increasing milling degree. The phenolic in brown rice are mainly released during gastric digestion, and the total phenolic in gastric juice and intestinal juice are 1.79–2.04 times and 2.24–2.71 times of those before digestion, respectively. These results suggest that it is indispensable to advocate reducing milling degrees to improve the edible value of rice. It will also provide data support and theoretical guidance for promoting moderate rice processing, reducing grain loss, and developing whole grain in China.Practical applicationsIn this paper, the changes in main nutrients (total starch, protein, fat, dietary fiber) and bioactive substances (γ‐oryzanol, vitamin B1, total phenolic and profile of phenolic, total flavonoids) of brown rice with different milling degrees produced by the actual process in the factory were analyzed, and the effect of milling on the bioaccessibility of phenols in brown rice through simulated digestion experiments in vitro was also investigated. The results of this paper suggest that it is indispensable to advocate reducing milling degrees to improve the edible value of rice. It will also provide data support and theoretical guidance for promoting moderate rice processing, reducing grain loss, and developing whole grain in China.
Effects of hydroxyl radical oxidation on physicochemical properties and degradation of chicken myofibrillar protein
Authors: Wei Yabo , Hu Ling , Zhang Zhiwei , Guo Xin , Zhao Yunfeng , Wang Zhouping , Zhang Jian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe most significant issue influencing the preservation and sale of chicken is its oxidative behavior. The effect of hydroxyl radical oxidation on the hydrolysis of myofibrillar protein by μ‐calpain in vitro was explored in this work, which looked at the alteration of chicken myofibrillar protein by hydroxyl radical oxidation. The carbonyl, dimerized tyrosine content and surface hydrophobicity of myofibrillar protein increased significantly as H2O2 concentration increased, tryptophan fluorescence intensity and total sulfhydryl content decreased. Compared with the control group, the carbonyl content of 10 mmol/L H2O2 treatment group increased to 1.7 nmol/mg protein, the surface hydrophobicity and the dimer tyrosine content increased 32.41% and 14.73%, respectively, the total sulfhydryl content decreased to 67.93 nmol/mg protein. The protein cross‐linked and aggregated, and the oxidative modification of chicken myofibrillar protein promoted degradation. Desmin degradation by μ‐calcinase is inhibited by MHC, actin, and troponin‐T. The findings revealed that oxidation influenced the hydrolysis of myofibrillar protein and the tenderness of chicken after slaughter.Novelty impact statement

The chicken myofibrillar proteins were cross‐linked and aggregated by hydroxyl radical oxidation.

The oxidative modification of hydroxyl radical changes the sensitivity of protein to μ‐calpain.

The oxidative modification of chicken myofibrillar protein improved the tenderness of postmortem chicken by promoting the degradation of MHC, actin, and troponin‐T caused by μ‐calcium‐activating enzyme.
Horizontal transmission of endemic viruses among rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta): Implications for human cytomegalovirus vaccine/challenge design
Authors: Yee JoAnn L. , Strelow Lisa I. , White Jessica A. , Rosenthal Ann N. , Barry Peter A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionRhesus macaques are natural hosts to multiple viruses including rhesus cytomegalovirus (RhCMV), rhesus rhadinovirus (RRV), and Simian Foamy Virus (SFV). While viral infections are ubiquitous, viral transmissions to uninfected animals are incompletely defined. Management procedures of macaque colonies include cohorts that are Specific Pathogen Free (SPF). Greater understanding of viral transmission would augment SPF protocols. Moreover, vaccine/challenge studies of human viruses would be enhanced by leveraging transmission of macaque viruses to recapitulate expected challenges of human vaccine trials.Materials and MethodsThis study characterizes viral transmissions to uninfected animals following inadvertent introduction of RhCMV/RRV/SFV‐infected adults to a cohort of uninfected juveniles. Following co‐housing with virus‐positive adults, juveniles were serially evaluated for viral infection.ResultsHorizontal viral transmission was rapid and absolute, reaching 100% penetrance between 19 and 78 weeks.ConclusionsThis study provides insights into viral natural histories with implications for colony management and modeling vaccine‐mediated immune protection studies.
The applicability of scarcity, originality, and transaction tracking characteristics of the dermatological industry and non‐fungible token
Authors: Koo Hyejeong , Kwon Ki Han 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe K‐beauty industry has entered the global market and encompasses the global economy. In the future, it is necessary to recognize the need for rapid recognition and application of digital technologies such as non‐fungible token (NFT) in a continuously changing and shared society.ObjectivesThis literature review presents various examples of ways to increase the value of beauty brands according to the latest digital trends. The potential value of blockchain technology was reviewed while understanding the current usage status of NFT.MethodsAs of July 2022, NFT's brand application cases can be confirmed, and comparisons and cases can be applied to how much it can contribute to the rise in the value of beauty brands in the future. The 41 references were finally selected using PRISMA flow diagram.ResultsIn a rapidly changing time, the beauty industry pays attention to the NFT market that can develop economically. Therefore, the parts that various industries are preemptively trying were prepared by confirming the cases.ConclusionThe beauty industry should pay attention to the NFT market, which is an issue, and by creating a brand with scarcity value, it can apply economic activities in the beauty industry to the trend by releasing products that both consumers and sellers can satisfy.
Functional evaluation of jaw and suprahyoid muscle activities during chewing
Authors: Sasa Anna , Kulvanich Sirima , Hao Naohito , Ita Reiko , Watanabe Masahiro , Suzuki Taku , Magara Jin , Tsujimura Takanori , Inoue Makoto 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundIt has not yet been clarified how the type of the chewing task affects related muscle activity and how the suprahyoid muscles contribute to masticatory function in humans.ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the difference in the suprahyoid muscle activity between the freely and unilaterally chewing tasks and between the working and non‐working sides during chewing.Materials and MethodsTwenty healthy volunteers were instructed to chew peanuts and two different types of rice crackers in two ways: freely and unilaterally while surface electromyograms of the masseter and suprahyoid muscles were recorded. The chewing duration, number of chewing cycles and chewing rate were compared between the tasks. Furthermore, the masseter and suprahyoid muscle activities per chewing cycle were compared between the sides.ResultsThe chewing duration was significantly longer, and the chewing rate was significantly higher during unilaterally chewing than freely chewing. The chewing duration differed significantly among the different foods; the harder the food, the longer the duration. Chewing rate and suprahyoid activity were significantly higher during soft rice cracker chewing. Masseter activity was higher on the chewing side than on the non‐chewing side while there was no difference in suprahyoid activity between the sides.ConclusionThe current results demonstrate a difference in the masticatory efficacy between the chewing tasks and a functional role of the suprahyoid muscles during chewing, which does not differ between the chewing and non‐chewing sides.
Sexual desire, mood disorders and sleep disturbances in female BMS patients: A controlled study
Authors: Leuci Stefania , Coppola Noemi , Adamo Daniela , Crocetto Felice , Barone Biagio , Baldares Stefania , Canfora Federica , Mignogna Michele Davide 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundBurning mouth syndrome is a chronic orofacial pain with intraoral burning and other oral dysaesthetic symptoms that significantly affects the quality of life. The aim of this study is to evaluate the sexual desire in women with BMS and to investigate the possible related factors.MethodsA case–control study was performed. BMS patients were enrolled according to the International Classification of OroFacial Pain criteria. Demographic variables were collected. We evaluated pain with the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Total Pain Rating Index (T‐PRI), anxiety and depression using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS‐A e HADS‐D), sleep disturbances with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and sexual desire using Sexual Desire Inventory (SDI).ResultsA total of 50 BMS women and 50 healthy controls were enrolled. Compared with the controls, the BMS patients showed higher scores in the NRS (7,81 ± 1,71 vs. 0,14 ± 0.40; p < 0.0001), TPR‐I (10,50 ± 4,86 vs. 0,36 ± 1,06; p < 0.0001), HADS‐A (11,86 ± 2,85 vs. 3,90 ± 2,81; p < 0.0001), HADS‐D (8,04 ± 3,18 vs. 1,42 ± 1,86; p < 0.0001) and PSQI (9,04 ± 2,62 vs. 4,64 ± 3,27; p < 0.0001). The mean SDI in the study group was significantly lower compared to healthy controls (32,36 ± 14,45 vs. 69,70 ± 19,94; p < 0.0001). No correlation was found between SDI and others items explored.ConclusionIn line with previous studies, anxiety, depression and sleep disturbances are more common in BMS patients than in healthy population. This pilot study demonstrates for the first time an association between BMS and low sexual desire.
Untying a Gordian knot: Exploring the nomological network of resilience
Authors: Modafferi Cinzia , Passarelli Marcello , Chiorri Carlo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigates the relations of resilience with coping, personality traits, emotional intelligence, sense of coherence and maladaptive personality traits.MethodThe study employs network analysis techniques to the study of resilience, showcasing how these methods can estimate a model that is simple to interpret while still retaining the most important relations and that can even suggest the direction of causality despite using a cross‐sectional design (N = 305).ResultsThe results highlight several important variables that should be considered for fostering resilience, foremost among them the use of positive reappraisal coping, sense of coherence, and the social management aspect of emotional intelligence.ConclusionsThe results successfully replicated known associations between resilience and other psychological constructs (emotional intelligence, personality, sense of coherence, coping) and shed light on relations between resilience and maladaptive personality traits. Network analysis considered all these constructs together, so as to take into account the complex pattern of relations between them and offer a bird's eye view of the whole network of associations centred on resilience. The resulting model is parsimonious and easy to interpret while still striving to preserve the complexity of the variables' interrelations.
“Let the strongest survive”: Ageism and social Darwinism as barriers to supporting policies to benefit older individuals
Authors: Kanık Betül , Uluğ Özden Melis , Solak Nevin , Chayinska Maria 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe World Health Organization (WHO) identified +65 individuals as one of the most vulnerable populations in the current pandemic. Previous research has shown a robust association between ageism and derogatory attitudes and behaviors targeting older people. We proposed that reluctance of people under age 65 to endorse the policies that benefit older adults can be further explained by their adherence to social Darwinism. We tested a mediation model to examine whether social Darwinism would predict support for policies directly and indirectly through the endorsement of ageist attitudes. We conducted two correlational studies in Turkey (Study 1;N= 1261) and the United States (Study 2;N= 210). In Study 1, we collected data through social media and messaging platforms in April 2020. In Study 2, participants were recruited via Prolific Academic in May 2020. In both studies, we found that adherence to social Darwinist beliefs negatively predicted support for policies. We also found that this association was positively mediated by ageist attitudes. Overall, our research contributes to the scholarly effort to identify the social‐psychological barriers to public support for legal initiatives aimed to secure a healthy and productive future for older people.
Compellingness and the search for truth in scientific practice: Einstein showing realities of light and vacuums
Authors: Wagner Paul A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper warns against destructive effects of subjectivist thinking. Subjectivist accounts, as Alan Sokal exposed, promote a distorted view of scientific practice. For example, Einstein's 1905 special theory of relativity relied on data produced by Fizeau, a physicist trained in classical mechanics. Einstein's use of Fizeau's results shows that the ontological foundation of uncontroversial data transcends conventional speculations. Einstein's employment of Fizeau's results mitigates against ideas such as paradigm shifts and revolutionary science. Instead, the ontology of shared horizons of fact remains largely unadulterated. The descriptions scientists use accommodate received view shifts, but the horizon of fact remains unimpeachably the same. The apt performance of science shows what it means to move further away from error. The only direction away from error is toward truth. To deny the reality of this directionality flies in the face of common sense and prudent science.
New insights into the Tat protein transport cycle from characterizing the assembled Tat translocon
Authors: Alcock Felicity , Berks Ben C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe twin‐arginine protein translocation (Tat) system transports folded proteins across the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane and the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts. The Tat translocation site is transiently assembled by the recruitment of multiple TatA proteins to a substrate‐activated TatBC receptor complex in a process requiring the protonmotive force. The ephemeral nature of the Tat translocation site has so far precluded its isolation. We now report that detergent solubilization of membranes during active transport allows the recovery of receptor complexes that are associated with elevated levels of TatA. We apply this biochemical analysis in combination with live cell fluorescence imaging to Tat systems trapped in the assembled state. We resolve sub‐steps in the Tat translocation cycle and infer that TatA assembly precedes the functional interaction of TatA with a polar cluster site on TatC. We observe that dissipation of the protonmotive force releases TatA oligomers from the assembled translocation site demonstrating that the stability of the TatA oligomer does not depend on binding to the receptor complex and implying that the TatA oligomer is assembled at the periphery of the receptor complex. This work provides new insight into the Tat transport cycle and advances efforts to isolate the active Tat translocon.
An F‐box protein attenuates fungal xylanase‐triggered immunity by destabilizing LRR‐RLP NbEIX2 in a SOBIR1‐dependent manner
Authors: Wang Nan , Yin Zhiyuan , Zhao Yaning , Wang Jinghao , Pei Yong , Ji Peiyun , Daly Paul , Li Zhengpeng , Dou Daolong , Wei Lihui 
Published: September 2022

Summary

Receptor‐like proteins (RLPs) lacking the cytoplasmic kinase domain play crucial roles in plant growth, development and immunity. However, what remains largely elusive is whether RLP protein levels are fine‐tuned by E3 ubiquitin ligases, which are employed by receptor‐like kinases for signaling attenuation. Nicotiana benthamiana NbEIX2 is a leucine‐rich repeat RLP (LRR‐RLP) that mediates fungal xylanase‐triggered immunity.

Here we show that NbEIX2 associates with an F‐box protein NbPFB1, which promotes NbEIX2 degradation likely by forming an SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, and negatively regulates NbEIX2‐mediated immune responses.

NbEIX2 undergoes ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation in planta. Interestingly, NbEIX2 without its cytoplasmic tail is still associated with and destabilized by NbPFB1. In addition, NbPFB1 also associates with and destabilizes NbSOBIR1, a co‐receptor of LRR‐RLPs, and fails to promote NbEIX2 degradation in the sobir1 mutant.

Our findings reveal a distinct model of NbEIX2 degradation, in which an F‐box protein destabilizes NbEIX2 indirectly in a SOBIR1‐dependent manner.
EDS1 complexes are not required for PRR responses and execute TNL‐ETI from the nucleus in Nicotiana benthamiana
Authors: Zönnchen Josua , Gantner Johannes , Lapin Dmitry , Barthel Karen , Eschen‐Lippold Lennart , Erickson Jessica L. , Villanueva Sergio Landeo , Zantop Stefan , Kretschmer Carola , Joosten Matthieu H. A. J. , Parker Jane E. , Guerois Raphael , Stuttmann Johannes 
Published: September 2022

Summary

Heterodimeric complexes incorporating the lipase‐like proteins EDS1 with PAD4 or SAG101 are central hubs in plant innate immunity. EDS1 functions encompass signal relay from TIR domain‐containing intracellular NLR‐type immune receptors (TNLs) towards RPW8‐type helper NLRs (RNLs) and, in Arabidopsis thaliana, bolstering of signaling and resistance mediated by cell‐surface pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Increasing evidence points to the activation of EDS1 complexes by small molecule binding.

We used CRISPR/Cas‐generated mutant lines and agroinfiltration‐based complementation assays to interrogate functions of EDS1 complexes in Nicotiana benthamiana.

We did not detect impaired PRR signaling in N. benthamiana lines deficient in EDS1 complexes or RNLs. Intriguingly, in assays monitoring functions of SlEDS1‐NbEDS1 complexes in N. benthamiana, mutations within the SlEDS1 catalytic triad could abolish or enhance TNL immunity. Furthermore, nuclear EDS1 accumulation was sufficient for N. benthamiana TNL (Roq1) immunity.

Reinforcing PRR signaling in Arabidopsis might be a derived function of the TNL/EDS1 immune sector. Although Solanaceae EDS1 functionally depends on catalytic triad residues in some contexts, our data do not support binding of a TNL‐derived small molecule in the triad environment. Whether and how nuclear EDS1 activity connects to membrane pore‐forming RNLs remains unknown.
Group 1 and 3 innate lymphoid cells are increased in oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid lesions
Authors: Pan Lei , Feng Minghua , Chen Junjun , Deng Shu , Han Xiaozhe , Wang Yufeng , Tang Guoyao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesInnate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are vital innate immune cells cooperating with T cells. While their phenotypes and functions in oral mucosa kept unclear yet. In the present study, the relative proportions and distribution of different ILC subsets in oral mucosa of oral lichen planus (OLP), oral lichenoid lesions (OLL), and controls were compared.Subjects and MethodsOral mucosal samples were collected from control (n = 29), OLP (n = 20), and OLL (n = 22) donors. ILCs subsets were characterized in single‐cell suspensions by flow cytometry. Immunohistochemistry was performed to locate the CD127+ cells in situ.ResultsILCs were present in healthy and increased infiltration in OLP/OLL (p = 0.0092, p = 0.0216). Infiltration of ILC1 increased in OLP/OLL mucosa (p = 0.0225, p = 0.0399), as did the infiltration of ILC3 increase in OLL mucosa (p = 0.0128). The ILC2/ILCs ratio was significantly reduced in OLP and OLL (p = 0.0124, p = 0.0346). CD127+ cells were mainly located closely at the basement membrane.ConclusionsThe results of increased ILC1, decreased ILC2, and increased ILC3 suggested that changes of ILC distributions in oral mucosa may be relevant to persistent inflammation in local tissues, by promoting immune factors and weakening repair capacity.
Gender differences in lateral pterygoid muscle in patients with anterior disk displacement
Authors: Wang Shuo , Chen Yu , Guo Wei , She Dejun , Liao Yunyang , Xing Zhen , Huang Nan , Huang Hongjie , Cao Dairong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo use quantitative MRI to assess gender differences in lateral pterygoid muscle (LPM) characteristics in patients with anterior disk displacement (ADD).MethodsLateral pterygoid muscle of 51 patients diagnosed with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) who underwent T1‐weighted Dixon and T1‐mapping sequences were retrospectively analyzed. There were 34 female patients (10 with bilateral normal position disk [NP]; 24 with bilateral ADD) and 17 male patients (eight with bilateral NP; nine with bilateral ADD) among them. After controlling for age, differences in fat fraction, T1 value, volume and histogram features related to gender and disk status were tested with 2‐way ANCOVA or Quade ANCOVA with Bonferroni correction.ResultsVolume of LPM in NP was significantly smaller than that of ADD (p < 0.001). Fat fraction of LPM in females with NP was significantly higher than males with NP (p < 0.05). Females with ADD showed a significantly higher T1 value (p < 0.05), and higher intramuscular heterogeneity than males with ADD.ConclusionsLateral pterygoid muscle in female TMD patients presented more fatty infiltration in the NP stage and might present more fibrosis in the ADD stage compared with males. Together, this leads to more serious intramuscular heterogeneity during the pathogenesis of ADD in females.