bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decline in Severe Varicella Disease During the United States Varicella Vaccination Program: Hospitalizations and Deaths, 1990–2019
Authors: Marin Mona , Lopez Adriana S , Melgar Michael , Dooling Kathleen , Curns Aaron T , Leung Jessica 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
To describe the impact of the US varicella vaccination program on severe varicella outcomes, we analyzed varicella hospitalizations using the National Inpatient Sample 1993–2019 and varicella deaths using the National Center for Health Statistics data 1990–2019. Over 25 years of vaccination program (1995–2019), varicella hospitalizations, and deaths declined 94% and 97%, respectively, among persons aged &lt;50 years. Most of the decline (∼90%) occurred during the 1-dose period (through 2006/2007) by attaining and maintaining high vaccination coverage; additional declines occurred during the 2-dose period, especially in the age groups covered by the 2-dose recommendation. The greatest decline for both hospitalizations and deaths (97% and &gt;99%, respectively) was among persons aged &lt;20 years, born during the varicella vaccination program. In the &lt;20 age group, varicella hospitalization has become a rare event, and varicella deaths have been practically eliminated in the United States. A total of &gt;10 500 varicella hospitalizations and 100 varicella deaths are now prevented annually in the United States as a direct result of vaccination and reduction in varicella-zoster virus circulation.
Health and Economic Impact of the United States Varicella Vaccination Program, 1996–2020
Authors: Zhou Fangjun , Leung Jessica , Marin Mona , Dooling Kathleen L , Anderson Tara C , Ortega-Sanchez Ismael R 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate the health and economic impact of the varicella vaccination program on varicella disease in the United States (US), 1996–2020.MethodsAnalysis was conducted using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or published annual population-based varicella incidence, and varicella-associated hospitalization, outpatient visit, and mortality rates in the US population aged 0–49 years during 1996–2020 (range, 199.5–214.2 million persons) compared to before vaccination (1990–1994). Disease costs were estimated using the societal perspective. Vaccination program costs included costs of vaccine, administration, postvaccination adverse events, and travel and work time lost to obtain vaccination. All costs were adjusted to 2020 US dollars using a 3% annual discount rate. The main outcome measures were the number of varicella-associated cases, hospitalizations, hospitalization days, and premature deaths prevented; life-years saved; and net societal savings from the US varicella vaccination program.ResultsAmong US persons aged 0–49 years, during 1996–2020, it is estimated that more than 91 million varicella cases, 238 000 hospitalizations, 1.1 million hospitalization days, and almost 2000 deaths were prevented and 118 000 life-years were saved by the varicella vaccination program, at net societal savings of $23.4 billion.ConclusionsVaricella vaccination has resulted in substantial disease prevention and societal savings for the US over 25 years of program implementation.
Insights From Studies of the Genetics, Pathogenesis, and Immunogenicity of the Varicella Vaccine
Authors: Arvin Ann M 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
While the varicella vaccine was created with approaches established for other live attenuated viral vaccines, novel methods to probe virus-host interactions have been used to explore the genetics, pathogenesis, and immunogenicity of the vaccine compared to wild-type varicella-zoster virus (VZV). As summarized here, a mechanism-based understanding of the safety and efficacy of the varicella vaccine has been achieved through these investigations.
Diagnostic and Immunologic Testing for Varicella in the Era of High-Impact Varicella Vaccination: An Evolving Problem
Authors: Dollard Sheila , Chen Min-hsin , Lindstrom Stephen , Marin Mona , Rota Paul A 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe clinical presentation of varicella in unvaccinated persons, with skin vesicles and scabs, has facilitated the use of rapid diagnostic methods for confirming disease. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays are the diagnostic method of choice. The sharp decline in unmodified cases of varicella due to the US varicella vaccination program has led to fewer healthcare providers being familiar with varicella presentation and an increased reliance on laboratory diagnosis to confirm suspected cases. The mild, atypical presentation of the disease in vaccinated persons (fewer skin lesions, mostly maculopapular) has made it more challenging for providers to recognize and also to collect samples to detect the virus. Nonetheless, PCR is highly sensitive and specific in confirming modified disease if adequate samples are provided. While a positive PCR result is confirmatory, interpreting a negative result can prove to be more challenging in determining whether suspected varicella is falsely negative or attributable to other causes. Enhanced education of healthcare providers is critical for adequate specimen collection from modified varicella cases. In addition, more sensitive commercial serologic assays are needed in the United States for varicella immunity testing in the vaccine era.
Clinical Manifestations of Varicella: Disease Is Largely Forgotten, but It's Not Gone
Authors: Dooling Kathleen , Marin Mona , Gershon Anne A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
After 25 years of varicella vaccination in the United States, classic varicella and its complications have become an uncommon occurrence. The clinical manifestation of varicella among vaccinated persons is usually modified, with fewer skin lesions, mostly maculopapular, and milder presentation. However, the potential for severe manifestations from varicella still exists among both vaccinated and unvaccinated persons, and thus healthcare providers should keep varicella in the differential diagnosis of a maculopapular or vesicular rash. The prompt recognition and diagnosis of varicella is important because when confirmed, clinical and public health measures need to be taken swiftly.
An Intensive Multidisciplinary Approach in Management of Extensive Nonuremic Calciphylaxis of the Bilateral Lower Extremities with Angioinvasive Fungus and Mold
Authors: Roberson Jeffrey L , Butt Zoya , Florez-Pollack Stephanie , Morgan Eric , Rosenbach Misha , Braslow Benjamin M , Yelon Jay A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Management of infected wounds related to calciphylaxis poses a significant clinical challenge with high morbidity and mortality. Given no definitive management guidelines exist specific to nonuremic calciphylaxis, multiple modalities including sodium thiosulfate, antibiotics, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and surgical debridement with wound care must be considered. When occurring over a large surface area, standard daily dressing changes are especially labor intensive, inefficient, and ineffective. Negative pressure wound therapy with instillation and dwell time offers broad wound coverage with ongoing therapeutic benefit. We present the case of a previously healthy 19-year-old woman who was transferred for tertiary level care of extensive nonuremic calciphylaxis wounds of the bilateral lower extremities complicated by angioinvasive coinfection with fungus and mold that was managed with a multidisciplinary approach of intensive medical management, aggressive surgical debridement, and negative pressure wound therapy with instillation of hypochlorous acid solution. Ultimately, she achieved full granulation and wound coverage with skin grafting. Large area, infected wounds related to nonuremic calciphylaxis can be successfully managed with multidisciplinary medical management, aggressive surgical debridement, and negative pressure wound therapy that can instill and dwell hypochlorous acid solution.
Network activated frames: content sharing and perceived polarization in social media
Authors: Arugute Natalia , Calvo Ernesto , Ventura Tiago 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Our article describes how users’ decisions to share content alter the frequencies of the frame elements observed by social media peers. Changes in the frequency of distinct frame elements shape how individuals interpret, classify and define situations and events. We label this process Network Activated Frames (NAFs). We test the mechanisms behind NAF with an original image-based conjoint design that replicates network activation in three surveys. Results show that partisans share more content than nonpartisans and that their preferences differ from those of nonpartisans. Our findings show that a network of peers with cross-cutting ideological preferences may be perceived as a bubble if partisans amplify content they like at higher rates. Beginning with fully randomized probabilities, the output from our experiments is more extreme than the preferences of the median users, as partisans activate more and different frame elements than nonpartisans. We implement the experiments in Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico.
Relative stable interannual variation in plant–plant pollen transfer rather than the plant–pollinator network of a subalpine meadow
Authors: Fang Qiang , Guo Shiyun , Zhang Tao , Tang Xiaoxin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that plant–pollinator mutualistic interactions experience highly interannual variation. Given that pollinators often move across multiple plant species, the plant–plant interactions that take place via heterospecific pollen (HP) transfer may also vary temporally, which could have important implications for floral evolution and community assembly. Here, we evaluated the interannual variation in plant–pollinator networks and plant–plant heterospecific pollen transfer (HPT) networks of a subalpine meadow community in Southwest China for three consecutive years. The interactions largely varied among years for both network types. The composition of donor-species HP deposited on the plants varied less than did the visit composition of the pollinators, suggesting that HP could be transferred from identical donor species to recipient species through different shared pollinators among years. The plant species were at more similar positions in the HPT network than they were in the plant–pollinator network across years. Moreover, the more generalized plant species in the plant–pollinator network tended to export their pollen grains and more strongly influence HPT. We evaluated the relatively stable structure of the HPT network compared with the plant–pollinator network, which represents an important step in the integration of plant–pollinator and plant–plant interactions.
Robotic-assisted extraction of giant gastric trichobezoar: a case report
Authors: Serpa Eduardo , Luciano Emmanuel , Pacheco Felipe , Ghanem Maher 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Trichobezoar is a rare condition, almost exclusively seen in young females with certain psychiatric disorders. Trichobezoars are usually confined within the stomach and the complications include ulceration, perforation, intussusception and obstruction for which surgery is usually required. Most of the reported cases of giant gastric trichobezoar extraction underwent an exploratory laparotomy with only a few reported cases that underwent a successful laparoscopic approach. This case report details the surgical management of the first case of a giant obstructing gastric trichobezoar extraction using robotic-assisted surgery.
Clear-cell renal cell carcinoma single urinary bladder metastasis: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Zachos Ioannis , Mitrakas Lampros , Karasavvidou Foteini , Karatzas Anastasios , Tzortzis Vassilios 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most frequent solid lesion accounting for ~90% of all kidney malignancies. Clear-cell RCC (ccRCC) represents the most frequent subtype. Urinary bladder is a rare metastatic site either synchronous or metachronous. Hereby, we report the case of an 85-year-old male patient with a single urinary bladder metastasis due to ccRCC and we present a review of the literature.
Assessment of ecosystem services for urban regions in the context of the Sustainable Development Goals exemplified by the Bonn/Rhein-Sieg region
Authors: Klement Johannes , Mutke Jens , Weigend Maximilian , Terlau Wiltrud 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the conservation and protection of nature are among the greatest challenges facing urban regions. There are few approaches so far that link the SDGs to natural diversity and related ecosystem services at the local level and track them in terms of increasing sustainable development at the local level. We want to close this gap by developing a set of indicators that capture ecosystem services in the sense of the SDGs and which are based on data that are freely available throughout Germany and Europe. Based on 10 SDGs and 35 SDG indicators, we are developing an ecosystem service and biodiversity-related indicator set for the evaluation of sustainable development in urban areas. We further show that it is possible to close many of the data gaps between SDGs and locally collected data mentioned in the literature and to translate the universal SDGs to the local level. Our example develops this set of indicators for the Bonn/Rhein-Sieg metropolitan area in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, which comprises both rural and densely populated settlements. This set of indicators can also help improve communication and plan sustainable development by increasing transparency in local sustainability, implementing a visible sustainability monitoring system, and strengthening the collaboration between local stakeholders.
Implementing energy transition and SDGs targets throughout energy community schemes
Authors: Cappellaro Francesca , D’Agosta Gianluca , De Sabbata Piero , Barroco Felipe , Carani Claudia , Borghetti Alberto , Lambertini Luca , Nucci Carlo Alberto 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Citizens are expected to play a great role in the future global energy transition, being able to give a decisive contribution to limit global warming to 1.5° and avoid the worst consequences. Empowering citizens is crucial and assigning them the role of prosumers in the new energy market is necessary to ensure a sustainable and fair pathway to the low-carbon energy transition. Creating energy communities (ECs) can also engage citizens by providing flexibility and ancillary services, reducing losses and curtailments in the grid. It also yields environmental and social benefits, activating virtuous circles in the local economy aligned with the SDGs of Agenda 2030.
We illustrate the experience of an EC implementation, using GECO-Green Energy COmmunity project, as a case study. In particular, the in-depth qualitative analysis of the project from a social and technical perspective is provided. The GECO Project is active in the districts of Pilastro and Roveri, Bologna, Italy, being implemented by a consortium including the Energy and Sustainable Development Agency (AESS), the National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA) and the University of Bologna (UniBo). Our findings show the potential interconnections among the development of an ECs and SDGs, especially goals 7, 11, 12 and 13. Placing ECs and prosumers at the centre of the international debate may deliver a more sustainable paradigm in the energy sector, in line with the climate change needs and community approaches.
The double-lined spectroscopic binary orbit of the massive supergiant HD 152147: A new target for interferometry
Authors: Putkuri C , Gamen R , Benvenuto O G , Morrell N I , Barbá R H , Higa R , Arias J I 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
We present a new spectroscopic orbit of the O-type binary system HD 152147. We identify absorption lines in both components and use their radial velocities to determine the orbit, which results in a period of P = 50.2199 ± 0.0007 d, an eccentricity e = 0.738 ± 0.007, and a mean separation between the components of asin i = 151 ± 1 R⊙. Considering that the distance to the system is 1600 pc, this implies an angular separation of ∼0.44 mas, making it suitable for modern interferometric observations. In addition, we determine the fundamental stellar parameters of each component by means of a quantitative spectral analysis. We obtain Ma = 31.9−34.6 M⊙ and Ra = 17−24 R⊙ for the primary, and Mb = 14−15 M⊙ and Rb = 5−10 R⊙ for the secondary. We apply models with rotation to try to characterize the evolutionary status of the HD 152147 system. We find that the two components are compatible with a common age of 4.5 Myr. We also detect variations in the profile of Hα that are not modulated by the orbital cycle. Moreover, TESS photometry also presents intrinsic variability and was analysed for periodicities. We find a most relevant frequency of 20 times the orbital one, in a TESS data set that includes the periastron passage, and we interpret it as a tidally induced pulsation that seems to dissipate on a time-scale shorter than the orbital cycle because it is not present in another TESS data set that nearly covers the apoastron.
Spectral variability in NGC 1042 ULX1
Authors: Ghosh Tanuman , Rana Vikram 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
We report X-ray spectral variability in an ultraluminous X-ray source NGC 1042 ULX1, using archival XMM-Newton and recent NuSTAR observations. In long-term evolution, the source has shown a trend of variation in spectral hardness. The variability in different XMM-Newton observations is prominent above ∼1 keV. Cool thermal disc component with a characteristic temperature of ∼0.2 keV manifests that the spectral state of NGC 1042 ULX1 in all epochs is similar to that of the ultraluminous state sources. An apparent anti-correlation between luminosity and power-law index demonstrates that the source becomes spectrally harder when it is in a brighter state. That is conceivably related to variation in accretion rate, strength of Comptonization, wind/outflow in the system or a manifestation of varying disc occultation. Typical hard ultraluminous-type spectra indicate that NGC 1042 ULX1 is a low inclination system in general. Spectral properties suggest that, like many other ULXs which show spectral curvature around ∼6–10 keV, NGC 1042 ULX1 could be another stellar-mass super-Eddington accretor.
Stability analysis of planetary systems via second-order Rényi entropy
Authors: Kovács Tamás , Pszota Máté , Kővári Emese , Forgács-Dajka Emese , Sándor Zsolt 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
The long-term dynamical evolution is a crucial point in recent planetary research. Although the amount of observational data are continuously growing and the precision allows us to obtain accurate planetary orbits, the canonical stability analysis still requires N-body simulations and phase space trajectory investigations. We propose a method for stability analysis of planetary motion based on the generalized Rényi entropy obtained from a scalar measurement. The radial velocity data of the central body in the gravitational three-body problem are used as the basis of a phase space reconstruction procedure. Then, Poincaré’s recurrence theorem contributes to finding a natural partitioning in the reconstructed phase space to obtain the Rényi entropy. It turns out that the entropy-based stability analysis is in good agreement with other chaos detection methods, and it requires only a few tens of thousands of orbital period integration time.
Two modes of LyC escape from bursty star formation: implications for [C ii] deficits and the sources of reionization
Authors: Katz Harley , Saxena Aayush , Rosdahl Joki , Kimm Taysun , Blaizot Jeremy , Garel Thibault , Michel-Dansac Leo , Haehnelt Martin , Ellis Richard S , Penterrici Laura , Devriendt Julien , Slyz Adrianne 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
We use the SPHINX20 cosmological radiation hydrodynamics simulation to study how Lyman continuum (LyC) photons escape from galaxies and the observational signatures of this escape. We define two classes of LyC leaker: Bursty Leakers and Remnant Leakers, based on their star formation rates (SFRs) that are averaged over 10 Myr (SFR10) or 100 Myr (SFR100). Both have $f_{\rm esc}\gt 20{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ and experienced an extreme burst of star formation, but Bursty Leakers have SFR10 &gt; SFR100, while Remnant Leakers have SFR10 &lt; SFR100. The maximum SFRs in these bursts were typically ∼100 times greater than the SFR of the galaxy prior to the burst, a rare 2σ outlier among the general high-redshift galaxy population. Bursty Leakers are qualitatively similar to ionization-bounded nebulae with holes, exhibiting high ionization parameters and typical H ii region gas densities. Remnant Leakers show properties of density-bounded nebulae, having normal ionization parameters but much lower H ii region densities. Both types of leaker exhibit [C ii]158μm deficits on the [C ii]–SFR100 relation, while only Bursty Leakers show deficits when SFR10 is used. We predict that [C ii] luminosity and SFR indicators such as H α and M$_{\rm 1500\mathring{\rm A}}$ can be combined to identify both types of LyC leaker and the mode by which photons are escaping. These predictions can be tested with [C ii] observations of known z = 3–4 LyC leakers. Finally, we show that leakers with $f_{\rm esc}\gt 20{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ dominate the ionizing photon budget at z ≳ 7.5 but the contribution from galaxies with $f_{\rm esc}\lt 5{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ becomes significant at the tail-end of reionization.
Dynamical cluster masses from photometric surveys
Authors: Contigiani Omar , Hoekstra Henk , Brouwer Margot M , Dvornik Andrej , Fortuna Maria Cristina , Sifón Cristóbal , Yan Ziang , Vakili Mohammadjavad 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
The masses of galaxy clusters can be measured using data obtained exclusively from wide photometric surveys in one of two ways: directly from the amplitude of the weak lensing signal or, indirectly, through the use of scaling relations calibrated using binned lensing measurements. In this paper, we build on a recently proposed idea and implement an alternative method based on the radial profile of the satellite distribution. This technique relies on splashback, a feature associated with the apocentre of recently accreted galaxies that offers a clear window into the phase-space structure of clusters without the use of velocity information. We carry out this dynamical measurement using the stacked satellite distribution around a sample of luminous red galaxies in the fourth data release of the Kilo-Degree Survey and validate our results using abundance-matching and lensing masses. To illustrate the power of this measurement, we combine dynamical and lensing mass estimates to robustly constrain scalar–tensor theories of gravity at cluster scales. Our results exclude departures from General Relativity of the order of unity. We conclude the paper by discussing the implications for future data sets. Because splashback mass measurements scale only with the survey volume, stage-IV photometric surveys are well-positioned to use splashback to provide high-redshift cluster masses.