bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low bone mineral density and its related factors in adults with congenital heart disease in Vietnam: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Truong Thanh‐Huong , Thi Nguyen Mai‐Ngoc , Kim Ngoc‐Thanh , Thi Nguyen Thuy‐Hoa , Do Doan‐Loi , Le Thanh‐Tung , Le Hong‐An 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsRecent studies have highlighted the increased risk of low bone mineral density (BMD) in adults with cardiovascular disease. However, little is known about BMD in adults with congenital heart disease (CHD), particularly in developing countries. We hypothesized that factors related to BMD would lead to a high prevalence of low BMD in adults with CHD. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of low BMD and its related factors in Vietnamese adults with CHD.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional study of 73 adults diagnosed with CHD in Vietnam. Low BMD was classified based on their site‐specific Z‐scores and T‐scores at the posteroanterior lumbar spine and left proximal femur. Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate factors related to low BMD.ResultsLow BMD was confirmed in one‐third of the adults with CHD. There were trends of more bone loss in certain parts of the body than in others, with the prevalence of low BMD at the sites of the lumbar vertebrae (L1‒L4) and left proximal femur (femoral neck, trochanteric femur, and intertrochanteric area) of 43.9%, 31.8%, 28.8%, 33.3%, 8.8%, 1.5%, and 6.1%, respectively. The prevalence of low BMD in the lumbar spine was significantly higher than that in the left proximal femur (34.3% vs. 2.9%, p < 0.001). Moreover, the prevalence of low BMD was significantly higher in adults with CHD than in those without polycythemia and vitamin D deficiency (55.6% vs. 20.9%, p = 0.001 and 46.2% vs. 19.4%, p = 0.002, respectively). A stratified multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that low BMD was associated with polycythemia (odds ratio: 4.72; 95% confidence interval: 1.64–13.58, p = 0.004).ConclusionsLow BMD is common among adults with CHD in Vietnam and related to polycythemia.
Prevalence and associations of depression, anxiety, and stress among people living with HIV: A hospital‐based analytical cross‐sectional study
Authors: Opoku Agyemang Sampson , Ninonni Jerry , Bennin Lydia , Agyare Elizabeth , Gyimah Leveana , Senya Kafui , Birikorang Emmanuel , Quarshie Emmanuel Nii‐Boye , Baddoo Nyonuku Akosua , Addo Stephen Ayisi , Obiri‐Yeboah Dorcas 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsAn important but much less researched burden of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Sub‐Saharan Africa includes the associated mental health outcomes of living with the virus. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress, and describe some of the socio‐demographic associations among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Ghana.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted at the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Ghana. Simple random sampling was used to recruit 395 PLHIV who access HIV‐related services at the antiretroviral therapy clinic. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale‐21 was used to assess prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress. Frequencies and percentages were used to estimate the prevalence and multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate sociodemographic factors associated with depression, anxiety, and stress.ResultsThe prevalence estimates of depression, anxiety, and stress among PLHIV were 28.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 24.4–33.3), 40.8% (95% CI = 36.0–45.8), and 10.6% (95% CI = 7.9–14.1), respectively. Females reported higher prevalence of depression (32.2%; 95% CI = 27.2–37.7), anxiety (44.0%; 95% CI = 38.4–49.6), and stress (12.6%; 95% CI = 9.4–17.0) compared to depression (17.5%; 95% CI = 11.1–26.4), anxiety (30.9%; 95% CI = 22.5–40.7), and stress (4.1%; 95% CI = 1.2–10.4) among males. PLHIV without a regular partner were about 0.63 increased odds of experiencing anxiety compared to those with a regular partner (AOR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.40–1.00: p = 0.049). PLHIV without formal education were about 0.49 and 0.44 increased odds to experience anxiety and stress, respectively compared to those with tertiary education.ConclusionsGenerally, the levels of stress, anxiety, and depression are high among PLHIV, but disproportionately higher among females. Mental health assessment and management should be integrated into the HIV care services. There should be capacity building for health care workers to offer differentiated service delivery based on mental health care needs of PLHIV.
Invisible doppelgänger and body image disorders in right superior parietal lobule stroke, a case series
Authors: Kumral Emre , Çetin Fatma E. , Dere Birgül , Özdemir Hüseyin N. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAutoscopic phenomena or an “invisible doppelgänger” refer to the illusory reduplication of one's own body. Body image disorder involves distorted perception or decreased body awareness. In the literature, feeling of presence (FOP) is rarely presented with a circumscribed cerebral pathology due to acute vascular lesions, and concomitant FOP and disorders of the body image or the body schema (BIBS) have rarely been reported. We present three cases of both FOP and BIBS disorders. All patients reported the two types of symptoms almost simultaneously: The first patient had the symptom of somatoparaphrenia characterized by deny ownership of the hand and feeling that it does not belong to her, the second patient had the sign of fading limb presented with misuse of his left hand when it was not under visual control and could not mentally represent and locate this part of the body in space, and the third patient had autotopagnosia; he was unable to localize any touched area below the elbow and knee. All patients had right parietal ischemic lesions involving the superior parietal lobule, and two patients had an adjacent additional precuneal involvement. Based on the cases presented here, it is plausible that BIBS may develop in addition to FOP, especially in lesions involving the superior parietal lobule and precuneus.
Injectable extracellular matrix hydrogels contribute to native cell infiltration in a rat partial nephrectomy model
Authors: Kushige Hiroko , Amano Yuki , Yagi Hiroshi , Morisaku Toshinori , Kojima Hideaki , Satou Akiko , Hamada Ken‐ichi , Kitagawa Yuko 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDecellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) hydrogels have cytocompatibility, and are currently being investigated for application in soft tissues as a material that promotes native cell infiltration and tissue reconstruction. A dECM hydrogel has broad potential for application in organs with complex structures or various tissue injury models. In this study, we investigated the practical application of a dECM hydrogel by injecting a kidney‐derived dECM hydrogel into a rat partial nephrectomy model. The prepared dECM hydrogel was adjustable in viscosity to allow holding at the excision site, and after gelation, had an elastic modulus similar to that of kidney tissue. In addition, the migration of renal epithelial cells and vascular endothelial cells embedded in dECM hydrogels was observed in vitro. Four weeks after injection of the dECM hydrogel to the partial excision site of the kidneys, infiltration of renal tubular constituent cells and native cells with high proliferative activity, as well as angiogenesis, were observed inside the injected areas. This study is the first to show that dECM hydrogels can be applied to the kidney, one of the most complex structural organs and that they can function as a scaffold to induce angiogenesis and infiltration of organ‐specific renal tubular constituent cells, providing fundamental insights for further application of dECM hydrogels.
Nonlinear optical properties DFT calculations of polyacethylene and copolymers models substituted with aldimines chromophores as side chains
Authors: Benchehaima Fatima‐Zohra , Springborg Michael , Rahal Majda Sekkal 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAldimine derivatives chromophores grafted on polyacetylene oligomers were first designed to investigate the nonlinear optical (NLO) response of the resulting materials using CAMB3LYP method. The effects of different factors such as the chain length separating the substitutions as well as the configurations and the orientations of these latter, were examined and discussed. In a second part of this paper, NLO responses, in particular the static hyperpolarizabilities of polyvinyl oligomers substituted by aldimine chromophores via carboxylic groups and by pyrrolidone groups were calculated for different configurations. The stability and the hydrogen bonding in each oligomer were also discussed.
Screen‐printed electrode‐based homogeneous electrochemical aptasensor for mercury (II) based on reduced graphene oxide and exonuclease III‐driven cyclic reaction
Authors: Lv Zeping , Zhang Mingli , Jin Huali , Huang Yawei , Wei Min 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA novel disposable and portable electrochemical aptasensor based on reduced graphene oxide (RGO) was constructed for the detection of mercury (II) (Hg2+) using methylene blue (MB) as the signal tag and exonuclease III‐induced cyclic reaction as signal amplification strategy. RGO was utilized as a carrier to immobilize MB‐DNA, and screen‐printed electrode (SPE) was used as the substrate electrode. The whole reaction was carried out in a homogeneous system, and finally, the target was detected directly in the solution using SPE, which did not require multiple fixation steps and simplified the experimental process. Under the optimized conditions, the developed electrochemical aptasensor had a wide linear range of 0.01–300 nmol L−1 with a low detection limit of 0.009 nmol L−1 and was successfully used for the determination of Hg2+ in tap water samples. Furthermore, the aptasensor exhibited good stability and high selectivity. It had good application prospects in the detection of harmful substances in food.
The hepato‐cardiac disorders in Tibetan residents with hepatic echinococcosis: A case–control echocardiography study
Authors: Zhou Mi , Xu Da , Zhang Wenjun , Wang Yi , Zuo Mingliang , Wang Siming , Liu Ting , Zhang Junqing , Yin Lixue , Guo Zhiyu , Liu Jun , Tan Jing 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundClinical guidelines indicate that chronic highland exposure could induce pulmonary hypertension; chronic hepatic disease may affect cardiac structure and functions. However, the simultaneous impact of hepatic echinococcosis (HE) and chronic highland exposure on cardiac structure and function in Tibetan residents are under‐investigated.MethodsOne hundred and twenty patients with HE, 23 healthy high‐altitude migrants with a mean residence time of 7.15 ± 1.12 years, and 46 healthy Tibetan permanent residents were enrolled in this study. All participants received comprehensive transthoracic echocardiography.ResultsHigh‐altitude migrants have a relatively lower pulmonary artery flow velocity (PV) and a slightly higher pulmonary artery mean pressure (PAMP) than the Tibetan permanent residents. Patients with HE presented relatively smaller dimensions of the main pulmonary artery and branches and a bigger right atrium and right ventricular cavity size than the two control groups. PV, PAMP and numbers of detectable tricuspid regurgitation jet velocity (TRJV), right ventricular fractional area change (RV_FAC), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), the ratio of tricuspid inflow velocities at early diastole to tricuspid annular early diastolic excursion velocity (RV_E/e′) and right ventricular myocardial performance index (RV_MPI) were increased in patients with HE compared to the two control groups. Similarly, decreased LVEF and Impaired left ventricular diastolic function were identified in patients with HE compared to the two control groups.ConclusionsPatients with HE presented with impaired biventricular contractile performance and diastolic dysfunction.
Between the enhanced power graph and the commuting graph
Authors: Cameron Peter J. , Kuzma Bojan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this note is to define a graph whose vertex set is a finite group , whose edge set is contained in that of the commuting graph of and contains the enhanced power graph of . We call this graph the deep commuting graph of . Two elements of are joined in the deep commuting graph if and only if their inverse images in every central extension of commute. We give conditions for the graph to be equal to either of the enhanced power graph and the commuting graph, and show that automorphisms of act as automorphisms of the deep commuting graph.
Innovative treatments for epilepsy: Venom peptides, cannabinoids, and neurostimulation
Authors: Lima Larissa Silva de , Loyola Vinícius , Bicca João Victor Montenegro Luzardo , Faro Lucas , Vale Camilla Lepesqueur Costa , Lotufo Denucci Bruna , Mortari Márcia Renata 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAntiepileptic drugs have been successfully treating epilepsy and providing individuals sustained seizure freedom. However, about 30% of the patients with epilepsy present drug resistance, which means they are not responsive to the pharmacological treatment. Considering this, it becomes extremely relevant to pursue alternative therapeutic approaches, in order to provide appropriate treatment for those patients and also improve their quality of life. In the light of that, this review aims to discuss some innovative options for the treatment of epilepsy, which are currently under investigation, addressing strategies that go from therapeutic compounds to clinical procedures. For instance, peptides derived from animal venoms, such as wasps, spiders, and scorpions, demonstrate to be promising antiepileptic molecules, acting on a variety of targets. Other options are cannabinoids and compounds that modulate the endocannabinoid system, since it is now known that this network is involved in the pathophysiology of epilepsy. Furthermore, neurostimulation is another strategy, being an alternative clinical procedure for drug‐resistant patients who are not eligible for palliative surgeries.
Raman spectrum of MXene Ti2C under planar symmetrical strain: First‐principles calculations
Authors: Ding Mingquan , Liu Huijun , Jiang Hongtai , Huang Mingde , Tan Xuexin , Li Yanghai , Wang Weiliang , Zhang Shaolin , Huang Haiming 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe vibrational, electronic and Raman properties of monolayer Ti2C under planar symmetrical strain excited by two commonly used laser lines (532 and 633 nm) are investigated by first‐principles calculations. By analyzing the phonon spectrum, the stability of strained monolayer Ti2C is obtained. The strained Ti2C is found to have the same point group symmetry and thereby the same Raman‐active modes as unstrained Ti2C, but their Raman peaks exhibit notable red (blue) shift characteristic with symmetrical tensile (compressive) strain. We also discussed the polarization angle dependent Raman intensity in parallel and perpendicular configuration as a guide for experimental characterization in terms of the locations and magnitudes of maxima and found that the locations of maxima for the Eg (A1g) mode are dependent (independent) of the laser wavelength and the strain. The variation of the polarization direction averaged Raman spectra versus strain can be further explained by the characteristics of light absorbance.
Identification of iron compounds in chrysotile from the Balangero mine (Turin, Italy) by micro‐Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Fornasini Laura , Raneri Simona , Bersani Danilo , Mantovani Luciana , Scognamiglio Valentina , Di Giuseppe Dario , Gualtieri Alessandro F. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractChrysotile, one of the six regulated asbestos minerals, is classified as carcinogenic to humans by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. The Balangero mine (Turin, Italy) was the largest asbestos mine in Europe, providing extraction of chrysotile fibers until 1990. Chrysotile from Balangero is currently of great interest in fibers toxicity studies focused on the understanding of the mechanisms that induce lung malignancies. One of the crucial factors in the biochemical reactions is the presence of Fe at the fibers surface. Surface reactivity is responsible for the generation of reactive oxygen species, which play an important role in asbestos cyto‐genotoxicity. Moreover, the dissolution of Fe‐bearing phases in the acidic environment of the lysosomes might be considered as possible release of hazardous Fe ions in the lungs. Here, chrysotile from Balangero was characterized by micro‐Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope‐energy dispersive system (SEM‐EDS) analysis to identify the Fe‐bearing impurities associated with asbestos fibers. Micrometric crystals were recognized as Fe oxides, carbonates, and sulfides. Uncommonly reported phases in asbestos minerals were also identified, mainly as mackinawite (Fe(II)S), in different forms. The nature of the Fe compounds containing both Fe(II) and Fe(III) species was verified by micro‐Raman spectroscopy combined with SEM‐EDS analysis.
Influence of thermal processing on the quality of hawthorn: Quality markers of heat‐processed hawthorn
Authors: Guo Wenyan , Bai Jing , Zhang Qingning , Duan Kunfeng , Zhang Panpan , Zhang Jianghua , Zhao Jing , Zhang Wei , Kong Dezhi 
Published: August 2022

Hawthorn and its derived products are used worldwide as foods as well as complementary medicine. During the preparation of hawthorn, heating and thermal processing are frequently reported. The thermal processing will change the medicinal purposes and modify the efficacy of hawthorn. However, details including the chemical profile shifting and quality markers of heat‐processed hawthorn have not been well understood. In this study, we analyzed the hawthorn samples processed at different temperatures and different times by ultraviolet visible absorption spectrum and liquid–mass spectrometry technologies combined with multivariate statistical analysis. It was revealed for the first time that thermal processing could greatly change the ultraviolet–visible absorption spectra and chemical profiles of hawthorn even with heat treatment at 130°C for 10 min. And the ultraviolet visible absorption spectrum, especially the ratio value (RA500 nm/400 nm), was a descriptive and qualitative indicator of heating degree for the thermal processing at the macroscopic level. Several components, such as hyperoside, chlorogenic acid, quercetin, and apigenin, decreased or increased in content during the processing, and they could be utilized as the chemical quality markers. The proposed quality markers for heat‐processed hawthorn will be helpful for further optimizing the processing conditions of hawthorn.
Stable Optical Frequency Comb Distribution Enabled by Hollow‐Core Fibers
Authors: Feng Zitong , Marra Giuseppe , Zhang Xi , Fokoua Eric R. Numkam , Sakr Hesham , Hayes John R. , Poletti Francesco , Richardson David J. , Slavík Radan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOver the last two decades, optical frequency combs (OFCs) have enabled some of the most accurate measurements in physics. Distributing light from OFCs via optical fibers could make these high‐accuracy measurement tools available more widely, from a few dedicated metrology laboratories to other laboratories and industry. However, the performance of distributed OFCs is strongly limited by impairments of standard single mode fiber (SMF), most notably its thermal sensitivity of chromatic dispersion, for which no compensation technique has been shown to date. To overcome this limitation, use of a new class of optical fiber is suggested here: a hollow core fiber (HCF), which offers more than an order of magnitude lesser such impairment. The measured OFC frequency stability of the optical mode and mode spacing reaches 1.8 × 10−19 and 1.5 × 10−17 at a few thousand seconds, respectively, after transmitting through 7.7 km of HCF. To the best of knowledge, this is the best ever performance for km‐lengths of fiber‐based OFC distribution. Besides, other HCF advantages over SMF in this application are discussed. Specifically, HCFs offer over an order of magnitude lower thermal sensitivity of propagation delay, several orders of magnitude lower optical nonlinearity, and almost ten times lower chromatic dispersion.
Facile Direct C‐H Arylation Polymerization of Conjugated Polymer, PDCBT, for Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Jang Soo‐Young , Kim In‐bok , Kim Yunseul , Lim Dae‐Hee , Kang Hongkyu , Heeney Martin , Kim Dong‐Yu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDirect arylation polymerization (DArP) is a synthetic method for conjugated polymers; in DArP, organometallic functionalization steps are omitted and there are no toxic byproducts. As a result, it is considered a more sustainable alternative compared to conventional methods such as Stille polymerization. To explore the possibility of DArP‐based polymers as donor materials in organic solar cells (OSCs), a series of conjugated polymers based on the structure of PDCBT (poly[2,2''''‐bis[[(2‐butyloctyl)oxy]carbonyl][2,2':5',2'':5'',2'''‐quaterthiophene]‐5,5'''‐diyl]) are synthesized using DArP and Stille polymerization. By controlling the monomer concentration and reaction time in DArP, DArP‐5 with the highest Mn (21.9 kDa) can be obtained and its optoelectronic properties, electrochemical properties, and microscopic molecular ordering are comparable to those of Stille‐based PDCBT (Stille‐P). Analysis of the polymer structure indicates no structural defects such as crosslinking from undesired β‐coupling reactions in DArP‐5. Upon blending with the PC71BM acceptor molecule, an increase in the crystallite size of DArP‐5 is also observed. In OSC devices with a polymer:PC71BM bulk‐heterojunction photoactive layer, DArP‐5 demonstrates a comparable power conversion efficiency of 5.8% with that of Stille‐P (5.5%). These results prove that DArP is suitable for synthesizing PDCBT, and DArP‐based PDCBT can be used in OSCs as an alternative of Stille‐based one.
LnDOTA‐d8, a versatile chemical‐shift thermometer for 2H solid‐state NMR
Authors: Umegawa Yuichi , Shimonishi Takeshi , Tsuchikawa Hiroshi , Murata Michio 
Published: August 2022

Abstract2H solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a method for examining the mobility and orientation of molecules in the field of biophysics. In studies on lipid bilayer membranes, 2H NMR is often adopted to detect a phase transition from the gel to the liquid‐crystal phase, which is observed as a change in spectral shape, and to evaluate the ordering of lipid alkyl chains using quadrupole coupling values. Because the mobility of membrane lipids is highly temperature dependent, precise temperature control is a prerequisite for evaluating the physical properties of membranes. Generally, NMR instruments monitor the temperature of the variable temperature (VT) gas. The temperature inside the sample tube and the VT gas match only when the heat generated by the radio frequency (rf) pulse emitted from the coil or magic angle spinning is significantly lower than the cooling capacity of the VT gas. In other words, the sample temperature inside the tube depends on the measurement method. Therefore, in this study, we took advantage of temperature‐dependent changes in the chemical shift of a paramagnetic metal–ligand complex. We designed and synthesized a deuterated ligand complex and evaluated its temperature dependence as a thermometer for 2H solid‐state NMR spectroscopy. We chose Tb, Dy, Ho, and Er as the paramagnetic central metals. We then measured the 2H NMR spectrum of each metal complex and confirmed the 2H chemical shift to be temperature dependent. Furthermore, with the use of the thermometer molecule with Er, we succeeded in accurately evaluating the segmental melting of an alkyl chain in lipid bilayers with 0.1°C accuracy.