bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scalp HFO rates decrease after successful epilepsy surgery and are not impacted by the skull defect resulting from craniotomy
Authors: Cserpan Dorottya , Gennari Antonio , Gaito Luca , Lo Biundo Santo Pietro , Tuura Ruth , Sarnthein Johannes , Ramantani Georgia 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEpilepsy surgery can achieve seizure freedom in selected pediatric candidates, but reliable postsurgical predictors of seizure freedom are missing. High frequency oscillations (HFO) in scalp EEG are a new and promising biomarker of treatment response. However, it is unclear if the skull defect resulting from craniotomy interferes with HFO detection in postsurgical recordings. We considered 14 children with focal lesional epilepsy who underwent presurgical evaluation, epilepsy surgery, and postsurgical follow-up of ≥ 1 year. We identified the nearest EEG electrodes to the skull defect in the postsurgical MRI. We applied a previously validated automated HFO detector to determine HFO rates in presurgical and postsurgical EEG. Overall, HFO rates showed a positive correlation with seizure frequency (p < 0.001). HFO rates in channels over the HFO area decreased following successful epilepsy surgery, irrespective of their proximity to the skull defect (p = 0.005). HFO rates in channels outside the HFO area but near the skull defect showed no increase following surgery (p = 0.091) and did not differ from their contralateral channels (p = 0.726). Our observations show that the skull defect does not interfere with postsurgical HFO detection. This supports the notion that scalp HFO can predict postsurgical seizure freedom and thus guide therapy management in focal lesional epilepsy.
Large herbivores facilitate the persistence of rare taxa under tundra warming
Authors: Post Eric , Pedersen Christian , Watts David A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEcological rarity, characterized by low abundance or limited distribution, is typical of most species, yet our understanding of what factors contribute to the persistence of rare species remains limited. Consequently, little is also known about whether rare species might respond differently than common species to direct (e.g., abiotic) and indirect (e.g., biotic) effects of climate change. We investigated the effects of warming and exclusion of large herbivores on 14 tundra taxa, three of which were common and 11 of which were rare, at an inland, low-arctic study site near Kangerlussuaq, Greenland. Across all taxa, pooled commonness was reduced by experimental warming, and more strongly under herbivore exclusion than under herbivory. However, taxon-specific analyses revealed that although warming elicited variable effects on commonness, herbivore exclusion disproportionately reduced the commonness of rare taxa. Over the 15-year duration of the experiment, we also observed trends in commonness and rarity under all treatments through time. Sitewide commonness increased for two common taxa, the deciduous shrubsBetula nanaandSalix glauca, and declined in six other taxa, all of which were rare. Rates of increase or decline in commonness (i.e., temporal trends over the duration of the experiment) were strongly related to baseline commonness of taxa early in the experiment under all treatments except warming with grazing. Hence, commonness itself may be a strong predictor of species’ responses to climate change in the arctic tundra biome, but large herbivores may mediate such responses in rare taxa, perhaps facilitating their persistence.
PIP2 determines length and stability of primary cilia by balancing membrane turnovers
Authors: Stilling Simon , Kalliakoudas Theodoros , Benninghoven-Frey Hannah , Inoue Takanari , Falkenburger Björn H 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPrimary cilia are sensory organelles on many postmitotic cells. The ciliary membrane is continuous with the plasma membrane but differs in its phospholipid composition with phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisposphate (PIP2) being much reduced toward the ciliary tip. In order to determine the functional significance of this difference, we used chemically induced protein dimerization to rapidly synthesize or degrade PIP2 selectively in the ciliary membrane. We observed ciliary fission when PIP2 was synthesized and a growing ciliary length when PIP2 was degraded. Ciliary fission required local actin polymerisation in the cilium, the Rho kinase Rac, aurora kinase A (AurkA) and histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6). This pathway was previously described for ciliary disassembly before cell cycle re-entry. Activating ciliary receptors in the presence of dominant negative dynamin also increased ciliary PIP2, and the associated vesicle budding required ciliary PIP2. Finally, ciliary shortening resulting from constitutively increased ciliary PIP2 was mediated by the same actin – AurkA – HDAC6 pathway. Taken together, changes in ciliary PIP2 are a unifying point for ciliary membrane stability and turnover. Different stimuli increase ciliary PIP2 to secrete vesicles and reduce ciliary length by a common pathway. The paucity of PIP2 in the distal cilium therefore ensures ciliary stability.
Vestibular Rehabilitation Effectiveness for Adults With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury/Concussion: A Mini-Systematic Review
Authors: Schlemmer Erica , Nicholson Nannette 
Published: January 2022

Objective:
Millions of people suffer from traumatic brain injuries every year with common sequelae, including dizziness, disequilibrium, compromised vision, and gait abnormalities. Individuals suffering a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) or concussion may be prescribed bed rest, but for some, symptoms may persist and require different treatment options. The aim of this mini-systematic review was to synthesize the best available evidence regarding the effectiveness of vestibular rehabilitation therapy (VRT) as a treatment option for adults with mTBIs.

Method:
A systematic review of the literature was performed following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Search term concepts were VRT and mTBI. Records meeting the inclusion criteria were extracted from the following databases: PubMed and CINAHL. A manual search of reference lists identified additional studies. Inclusion criteria were (a) participants with mTBI/concussion characterized by dizziness, balance, and/or other vestibular symptoms; (b) VRT as the primary treatment; and (c) self-reported and/or performance-based outcome measures. Data were extracted using a standardized tool, and studies were critically appraised.

Results:
Five studies were included in the systematic review: one randomized controlled trial, two retrospective chart reviews, one pre-/post-intervention study, and one case series. Four of the five studies found VRT to be effective at reducing postconcussion symptoms after head injury. Self-reported measures were included in all studies; performance-based measures were included in four out of five studies. None of the studies reported adverse effects of intervention.

Conclusions:
Results suggest VRT is an effective treatment option for patients with persistent/lingering symptoms after concussion/mTBI, as demonstrated by self-reported and performance-based outcome measures. Results of this study emphasize the need for audiologists to be thoroughly familiar with VRT as an effective treatment for patients with persistent symptoms following mTBI.
A Randomized Controlled Trial Assessing the Effectiveness of the Háblame Bebé Mobile Application With Spanish-Speaking Mothers Experiencing Economic Hardship
Authors: Larson Anne L. , Baralt Melissa , Hokenson Joanna , Hammer Carol Scheffner , Barrett Tyson , DeVilbiss Nicole 
Published: January 2022

Purpose:
This study examined the effectiveness of a standalone mobile application (app), Háblame Bebé, for use in real-world settings without supplemental human interaction to promote Spanish-speaking mothers’ language interactions with their young children and associated child bilingual (Spanish–English) language development.

Method:
Thirty-seven Spanish-speaking Latina mothers with lower incomes and their children were randomly assigned to experimental and wait-list control groups for 12 weeks. The experimental group was introduced to the app to learn how to provide language-promoting strategies in the home language and encouraged to use the app to track child vocabulary growth and overall development. Mother and child outcomes were measured before and after intervention via standardized assessments, direct observations, and parent report. Engagement and social validity data were also gathered.

Results:

No statistically significant differences were identified between experimental and control groups. However, looking at the magnitude of the difference between groups, child outcomes consistently favored the experimental group (
d =
0.2–0.4). Mothers reported high levels of acceptance of the intervention.

Conclusions:
Culturally and linguistically responsive app-based interventions have the potential to serve as a unique delivery model for speech-language pathologists and other professionals to share critical information on bilingual language development with parents of young children who are learning in a bilingual context. Clinical and research implications are discussed, including the consideration that low-intensity interventions may need to be paired with ongoing parent coaching.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.18461585
Visual Analysis of Swallowing Efficiency and Safety (VASES): Establishing Criterion-Referenced Validity and Concurrent Validity
Authors: Curtis James A. , Borders James C. , Troche Michelle S. 
Published: January 2022

Purpose:
The primary aim of this study was to examine the criterion-referenced validity of the Visual Analysis of Swallowing Efficiency and Safety (VASES). As a secondary aim, we examined the concurrent validity of using verbal numerical ratings for VASES as a potential substitute for visual analog scale ratings.

Method:
Fifty-seven novice raters were prospectively recruited to rate 26 flexible endoscopic evaluations of swallowing (FEES) images (2 times each, randomized)—once using VASES and once using a criterion-referenced scale. Ratings were made for the valleculae, piriforms, epiglottis, laryngeal vestibule, vocal folds, and subglottis. Criterion validity was determined by examining the correlation between VASES and the criterion-referenced scales. The novice raters also provided visual analog scale ratings following verbal numerical ratings. Concurrent validity of using verbal numerical ratings as a potential substitute for visual analog scale ratings was determined by examining the correlation and absolute agreement between both rating methods.

Results:

Three thousand five hundred eighty-seven ratings were analyzed. Spearman's correlation revealed strong correlations between VASES ratings and criterion-referenced ratings across all anatomic landmarks (ρ = .882–.915). Lin's concordance revealed substantial agreement between numerical ratings and visual analog scale ratings (ρ
c
= .986).

Conclusions:
The strong correlations between VASES and the criterion-referenced scales suggest that VASES is a valid method for interpreting pharyngeal residue, penetration, and aspiration during FEES. Furthermore, numerical ratings exhibited substantial agreement with visual analog scales. This suggests that clinicians could provide verbal numerical ratings in lieu of visual analog scale ratings as a potential way to enhance the ease and feasibility of implementing VASES into clinical practice.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.18737072
Reliability and Efficiency of Pitch-Shifting Plug-Ins in Voice and Hearing Research
Authors: Yüksel Mustafa 
Published: January 2022

Purpose:
Auditory feedback perturbation with voice pitch manipulation has been widely used in previous studies. There are several hardware and software tools for such manipulations, but audio plug-ins developed for music, movies, and radio applications that operate in digital audio workstations may be extremely beneficial and are easy to use, accessible, and cost effective. However, it is unknown whether these plug-ins can perform similarly to tools that have been described in previous literature. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the reliability and efficiency of these plug-ins.

Method:
Six different plug-ins were used at +1 and −1 st pitch shifting with formant correction on and off to pitch shift the sustained /ɑ/ voice recording sample of 12 healthy participants (six cisgender males and six cisgender females). Pitch-shifting accuracy, formant shifting amount, intensity changes, and total latency values were reported.

Results:
Some variability was observed between different plug-ins and pitch shift settings. One plug-in managed to perform similarly in all four measured aspects with well-known hardware and software units with 1-cent pitch-shifting accuracy, low latency values, negligible intensity difference, and preserved formants. Other plug-ins performed similarly in some respects.

Conclusions:
Audio plug-ins may be used effectively in pitch-shifting applications. Researchers and clinicians can access these plug-ins easily and test whether the features also fit their aims.
Supporting Caregiver Coaching in Telepractice Through Web-Based Professional Development
Authors: Larson Anne L. , Romano Mollie , Meyers Christina , Eugenio Johanna , Olsen Sue T. 
Published: January 2022

Purpose:
The COVID-19 pandemic caused a rapid shift in service delivery; hence, many speech-language pathologists (SLPs) were delivering services to children and families via telepractice without advanced notice or preparation. This clinical focus article describes a caregiver coaching approach that can be implemented through telepractice and the results of a professional development training designed to assist early intervention (EI) providers in quickly implementing the caregiver coaching model.

Method:
Twenty-five EI providers participated in web-based professional development trainings describing the components of a caregiver coaching approach to be used in telepractice. Participants completed pre- and posttraining surveys to report on their current knowledge of caregiver coaching and self-reported changes in their provision of caregiver coaching through telepractice.

Results:
Most participants were able to list, describe, and identify caregiver coaching strategies following training. All providers also described changes in their implementation of the caregiver coaching practices during interactions with children and families in telehealth sessions after receiving training.

Conclusions:
This clinical focus article provides information for SLPs on the implementation of caregiver coaching approaches as applied in telepractice, as well as preliminary evidence of the effectiveness for web-based professional development training to expand SLPs' knowledge and skills related to caregiver coaching in EI. Future research, including ongoing professional development and coaching to ensure fidelity in the implementation of this approach, is discussed, as well as recommendations to expand practice and research in the area of caregiver coaching in telepractice.
Health diagnosis of bus operation based on multi‐source data
Authors: Zhou Xuemei , Guan Zhen , Pang Yusong , Ji Xiangfeng , Lin Xiaodan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBased on the multi‐source data available for bus operations, this paper proposes a health diagnosis system for single‐line bus operation systems from two aspects: The operation efficiency and stability. Firstly, the index weight has been defined and calculated based on the Entropy Method. The composite index of bus operation has been obtained, and the health classification standards that pertain to efficient and effective bus operations have also been constructed (Very Healthy, Healthy, Sub‐Healthy, and Unhealthy). Secondly, the more efficient machine learning method has been used in order to establish the classification algorithm training set. The effect of the k‐Nearest Neighbour and Decision Tree Classification Model has also been compared and analysed in this particular study. Finally, a bus line in Foshan is taken as a case study to verify the effectiveness of the method. This paper can effectively improve the diagnosis efficiency and accuracy by introducing the artificial intelligence algorithm into bus operation diagnosis. It provides a foundation for the development of bus operation health diagnosis decision support system with the function of “bus disease” prevention and treatment.
Competence-based approaches in organizational and individual context
Authors: Škrinjarić Bruno 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWith an increasing pace of digitalization, automatization, and robotization, firms need to quickly anticipate new consumer values, trends, and needs and adjust their production, thus requiring constant adaptation of competences and competence-based models. This review: (1) briefly outlines the development of competence-based models; (2) presents difficulties when defining and delineating differences between competences, skills, and abilities; (3) presents the main challenges of competence measurement; (4) presents recent findings of competence-based models in organizational and individual context; and (5) highlights challenges these models are likely to encounter in the future. To this end, a non-systematic literature review was carried out to summarize relevant published research studies and to define future research directions. Results show that further competence-based research should focus on generalizing the findings by looking at various groups of workers and industries, expanding the set of competences used in the analyses, using different definitions of key competences, and developing alternative models to assess their impact on performance. Such research would allow to better assess employees’ preparedness in terms of competence requirements, as well as to identify the most critical gaps and opportunities for the formal educational system and as part of on-the-job training.
High thermal conductivity and ultrahigh thermal boundary conductance of homoepitaxial AlN thin films
Authors: Alvarez-Escalante Gustavo , Page Ryan , Hu Renjiu , Xing Huili Grace , Jena Debdeep , Tian Zhiting 
Published: January 2022

Wurtzite aluminum nitride (AlN) has attracted increasing attention for high-power and high-temperature operations due to its high piezoelectricity, ultrawide-bandgap, and large thermal conductivity k. The k of epitaxially grown AlN on foreign substrates has been investigated; however, no thermal studies have been conducted on homoepitaxially grown AlN. In this study, the thickness dependent k and thermal boundary conductance G of homoepitaxial AlN thin films were systematically studied using the optical pump–probe method of frequency-domain thermoreflectance. Our results show that k increases with the thickness and k values are among the highest reported for film thicknesses of 200 nm, 500 nm, and 1 μm, with values of 71.95, 152.04, and 195.71 W/(mK), respectively. Our first-principles calculations show good agreement with our measured data. Remarkably, the G between the epilayer and the substrate reported high values of 328, 477, 1180, and 2590 MW/(m2K) for sample thicknesses of 200 nm, 500 nm, 1 μm, and 3 μm, respectively. The high k and ultrahigh G of homoepitaxially grown AlN are very promising for efficient heat dissipation, which helps in device design and has advanced applications in micro-electromechanical systems, ultraviolet photonics, and high-power electronics.
Beijing 798 Arts District Demonstrates the Power of Cultural and Creative Industry
Authors: Lihui Wu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The success of the 798 Arts District stems from the grassroots movement initiated by the artists and non-profit institutes. They challenged the authorities, who intended to carry out the demolition of the 798 Arts District, to preserve the cultural heritage of that area and shift power to the people. The 798 Arts District can serve as a model of sustainability for other arts districts or redevelopment projects in urban areas.

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Information
Vancouver Island University World Leisure Centre of Excellence Main image by Leeluv (2011)
© Lihui Wu 2022
Contact times in professional football before and during the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic: Tracking data from the German Bundesliga
Authors: Szymski Dominik , Weber Hendrik , Anzer Gabriel , Alt Volker , Meyer Tim , Gärtner Barbara C. , Krutsch Werner 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTThe global SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic led to a lockdown in team sports in March 2020. Because the risk of virus transmission seems to correlate with the duration of close contacts, data on contact times are necessary to assess the risk of virus transmission in sports. In this study, an optical tracking system was used to determine contact times between players of the two highest men's professional football leagues in Germany in the 2019–20 season and in the first half of the 2020–21 season. Contacts between players were defined as being within a two‐metre radius during matches and were differentiated as either match‐specific or non‐match‐specific. In total, 918 matches with 197,087 contacts were analysed. The mean overall contact time of one‐to‐one situations of 36 s (SD: ± 66) before the lockdown was reduced to 30 s after the lockdown (SD: ± 60) (p < 0.0001). In professional football, contacts between two players infrequently occur within a two‐metre radius, averaging less than 35 s. Only 36 player pair contacts lasted for more than 15 min (0.00018%). The mean accumulated contact time per player with all others was 10.6 ± 6.9 min per match, with a decrease from 11.6 ± 7.0 min before the lockdown to 10.0 ± 6.6 min (p < 0.0001) after lockdown in the season 2019‐20. The SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic has resulted in a reduction in match‐specific contacts of 25%. It seems questionable if such short contacts in open‐air sports may lead to considerable virus transmission.
Photoproduction

in an effective Lagrangian approach *
Authors: Wei Neng-Chang , Wang Ai-Chao , Huang Fei 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A gauge-invariant model is constructed for the

reaction within a tree-level effective Lagrangian approach to understand the underlying production mechanisms and study the resonance contributions in this reaction. In addition to the t-channel K and

exchanges, s-channel nucleon exchange, and interaction current, the s-channel nucleon resonance exchanges are included in constructing the reaction amplitudes to describe the data. It is found that the contributions from the s-channel

exchange are required to describe the most recently measured total cross-section data for

from the CLAS Collaboration. Further analysis indicates that the interaction current dominates the

reaction near the threshold as a result of gauge invariance. The t-channel K exchange contributes significantly, while the contributions from the t-channel

exchange and s-channel nucleon exchange are ultimately negligible. The contributions from the s-channel

exchange are found to be responsible for the bump structure shown in the CLAS total cross-section data above the center-of-mass energy

GeV. The predictions of the differential cross sections for

are presented and discussed, which can provide theoretical guidance for future experiments.