bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cenarização prospectiva do acesso à água no semiárido paraibano: entrelaçamentos e desafios
Authors: Souza Maria Aparecida de , Ramalho Ângela Maria Cavalcanti 
Published: February 2022

O estudo tem como objetivo construir cenários prospectivos sobre o acesso à água pela população rural no município de Cubati-PB, Seridó Oriental Paraibano. A limitação de acesso à água no semiárido nordestino, em face à situação da população historicamente afetada pela seca em áreas ambientalmente vulneráveis, produz efeitos sociais, ambientais e econômicos agravantes, em especial no meio rural, que refletem nas desigualdades significativas que há dentro da região, como dificuldade de acesso à água potável em uma quantidade mínima aceitável para uso humano. A metodologia da pesquisa utilizada foi a aplicação parcial do método proposto por Marcial e Grumbach (2000). A coleta de dados foi realizada através de observação in loco, conversas informais, registros fotográficos e aplicação de entrevistas semiestruturadas para escolha das variáveis preliminares com impacto no acesso à agua nos últimos dez anos e aplicação de questionários por meio do Google Forms para escolha dos eventos definitivos que irão impactar o sistema estudado nos próximos cinco anos. Também foi utilizado o preenchimento da matriz de impactos cruzados e escolha das variáveis que ocorrem em cada um dos cenários: mais provável, de tendência e ideal. Conclui-se que o desafio no processo de democratização do acesso à água no atendimento das famílias de baixa renda nas comunidades rurais do semiárido nordestino demanda descentralização do abastecimento da água, adequada gestão do uso da água nos períodos de estiagem e planejamento hídrico com a participação de diversos atores sociais para garantir o acesso prioritário e os usos múltiplos desse recurso natural.
A atuação do enfermeiro na atenção primária à saúde em relação ao controle e a prevenção da Hepatite B
Authors: Deodoro Mirela Ferreira Pessoa , Pontes Alice Fonseca , Belém Filho Luiz Sérgio de Souza , Tavares Camilla Maria de Araújo , Silva Gabriela Wanderley da , Leuthier Kívya de Holanda , Silva Mayara Santana da , Rodrigues Natália Almeida , Ludgério Maisa Maria Batista , Aragão Brunna Francisca de Farias , Silva Beatriz Caetano da , Silva Sara Rodrigues Cordeiro da , Marques Junior Valdeque José , Rodrigues Letícia Helena Guedes , Morais Petrúcio Luiz Lins de 
Published: February 2022

A hepatite B é uma doença viral aguda causada pelo vírus HBV (Hepatitis B virus), sendo caracterizada por uma inflamação do parênquima hepático que pode ocasionar infecções assintomáticas, sintomáticas e formas graves fulminantes. Tem por objetivo conhecer quais são as atribuições exercidas pelo enfermeiro na Atenção Primária visando a prevenção e o controle da hepatite B. Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura. Foi realizada a busca dos estudos na biblioteca virtual Google Acadêmico, na qual existem diversas bases de dados indexadas, por meio dos descritores “Hepatite B”, “Atenção Primária à Saúde”, “Assistência de Enfermagem”, “Prevenção” e “Atenção à Saúde”. A amostra final desta revisão foi composta por 4 artigos científicos, que atendessem aos critérios de inclusão, os que estivessem disponíveis no idioma Português, datados nos últimos dez anos de publicação e que abordassem a relação entre a atuação do enfermeiro da APS no controle e prevenção da Hepatite B, entende-se que o enfermeiro deve possuir competências e habilidades nos cuidados de enfermagem na Atenção Primária à Saúde em relação ao enfrentamento da hepatite B, como a comunicação, a atenção à saúde e a educação permanente. Conclui-se que o enfermeiro apresenta-se como o profissional de extrema relevância no cenário de combate e prevenção a hepatite B, ao aplicar na prática seus conhecimentos praxiológicos baseados nas ações que garantem a segurança do paciente e os cuidados necessários para tratamento integral.
Adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso de pacientes hansenianos: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Pinheiro Alcivaldo Mendes , Mello Amanda Gabryelle Nunes Cardoso 
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: Demonstrar á adesão do tratamento medicamentoso de pacientes hansênianos. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, essa metodologia é definida como um método que permite a síntese de conhecimento e a incorporação da aplicabilidade de resultados de estudos significativos na prática. Para a elaboraçãoda da revisão integrativa foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico nas bases de dados: Scientific Eletronic Library Online (Scielo), U.S. National Library of Medicine (PUBMED) com auxílio do Mendeley, Ministério da Saúde e dados estatísticos oficiais. Os dados foram coletados no período de julho a dezembro de 2021 e contemplados entre os anos de 2015 a 2020. Resultados: Após a seleção dos estudos, segundo os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram selecionados 20 artigos científicos a partir dos 52 encontrados para este estudo e o processamento do resultado e discussão, embora essa revisão integrativa não tivesse restringido o seu escopo para pesquisas realizadas no Brasil, as informações matriciais que compõe essa discussão são provenientes de estudos produzidos em um cenário nacional. Conclusão: Esta falta de adesão ainda é elevada e pode ser considerada como um fator preponderante para que esta doença ainda permaneça em muitas partes do mundo. Essa desistência acarreta na propagação da doença, visto que um paciente não tratado é um propagador de novas infecções.
DesA Prognostic Risk Model of LncRNAs in Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukaemia Based on TCGA Data
Authors: Ding Weidong , Ling Yun , Shi Yuan , Zheng Zhuojun 
Published: February 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to combine the clinical data of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to obtain prognosis-related biomarkers, construct a prognostic risk model using long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in AML and help patients with AML make clinical treatment decisions.Methods: We analysed the transcriptional group information of 151 patients with AML obtained from TCGA and extracted the expressions of lncRNAs. According to the mutation frequency, the patients were divided into the high mutation group (genomic unstable group, top 25% of mutation frequency) and low mutation group (genomic stable group, 25% after mutation frequency). The ‘limma’ R package was used to analyse the difference in lncRNA expressions between the two groups, and the “survival,” “caret,” and “glmnet” R packages were used to screen lncRNAs that are related to clinical prognosis. Subsequently, a prognosis-related risk model was constructed and verified through different methods.Results: According to the lncRNA expression data in TCGA, we found that seven lncRNAs (i.e. AL645608.6, LINC01436, AL645608.2, AC073534.2, LINC02593, AL512413.1, and AL645608.4) were highly correlated with the clinical prognosis of patients with AML, so we constructed a prognostic risk model of lncRNAs based on LINC01436, AC073534.2, and LINC02593. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses of differentially expressed lncRNA-related target genes were performed, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were created, the applicability of the model in children was assessed using the TARGET database and the model was externally verified using the GEO database. Furthermore, different expression patterns of lncRNAs were validated in various AML cell lines derived from Homo sapiens.Conclusions: We have established a lncRNA prognostic model that can predict the survival of patients with AML. The Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that this model distinguished survival differences between patients with high- and low-risk status. The ROC analysis confirmed this finding and showed that the model had high prediction accuracy. The Kaplan-Meier analysis of the clinical subgroups showed that this model can predict prognosis independent of clinicopathological factors. Therefore, the proposed prognostic lncRNA risk model can be used as an independent biomarker of AML.
Optimal Design and Biomechanical Analysis of a Biomimetic Lightweight Design Plate for Distal Tibial Fractures: A Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Wang Mian , Deng Yuping , Xie Pusheng , Tan Jinchuan , Yang Yang , Ouyang Hanbin , Zhao Dongliang , Huang Gang , Huang Wenhua 
Published: February 2022

The treatment of fractures of the distal tibia can be problematic due to the insubstantial soft-tissue covering this part of the anatomy. This study investigates a novel strategy for minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis of distal tibia fractures called bionic lightweight design plating. Following the structure of the animal trabecular bone, we utilized topological mathematical methods to redesign the material layout of the internal fixation device to fulfill the desired lightweight design within given boundary conditions. The results showed that this method can maintain the same stability of the construct as the original plate after a reduction in the original volume by 30%, and the differences in strain energy of plates and maximum node displacement of constructs between the constructs [RP construct vs. LP construct] were not statistically significant (p &gt; 0.05). In the safety assessment of the constructs, the peak stress of plates between constructs was found to not be statistically significantly different under a doubled physiological load (p &gt; 0.05). The average stress of the plates’ elements exceeding the allowable stress was analyzed, and no statistically significant differences were found between the two constructs under axial compression stress conditions (p &gt; 0.05). The average stress of the plates’ elements in the redesigned plating construct under torsional stress conditions was 3.08% less than that of the locked plating construct (p &lt; 0.05). Under the double physiological load condition, 89% of the elements of the plate in the redesigned plating construct and 85% of the elements of the plate in the locked plating construct were lower than the maximum safe stress of the plate, which was 410 MPa (secondary allowable stresses). That reminds us the topology optimization offer a possible way to improve the capacity of soft tissue protection while ensuring the safety of the RP construct by reducing the volume of the implants.
Rare Genetic Variants Associated With Myocardial Fibrosis: Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Shabani Mahsima , Dutta Diptavo , Ambale-Venkatesh Bharath , Post Wendy S. , Taylor Kent D. , Rich Stephen S. , Wu Colin O. , Pereira Naveen L. , Shah Sanjiv J. , Chatterjee Nilanjan , Rotter Jerome I. , Arking Dan E. , Lima Joao A. C. 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundRare pathogenic variants in cardiomyopathy (CM) genes can predispose to cardiac remodeling or fibrosis. We studied the carrier status for such variants in adults without clinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) in whom cardiac MRI (CMR)-derived measures of myocardial fibrosis were obtained in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).ObjectivesTo identify CM-associated pathogenic variants and assess their relative prevalence in participants with extensive myocardial fibrosis by CMR.MethodsMESA whole-genome sequencing data was evaluated to capture variants in CM-associated genes (n = 82). Coding variants with a frequency of &lt;0.1% in gnomAD and 1,000 Genomes Project databases and damaging/deleterious effects based on in-silico scoring tools were assessed by ClinVar database and ACMG curation guidelines for evidence of pathogenicity. Cases were participants with high myocardial fibrosis defined as highest quartile of extracellular volume (ECV) or native T1 time in T1-mapping CMR and controls were the remainder of participants.ResultsA total of 1,135 MESA participants had available genetic data and phenotypic measures and were free of clinical CVD at the time of CMR. We identified 6,349 rare variants in CM-associated genes in the overall MESA population, of which six pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants were present in the phenotyped subpopulation. The genes harboring P/LP variants in the case group were MYH7, CRYAB, and SCN5A. The prevalence of P/LP rare variants in cases was higher than controls (5 in 420 [1.1%] vs. 1 in 715 [0.1%], p = 0.03). We identified two MYBPC3 Variants of Unknown Significance (VUS)s with borderline pathogenicity in the case group. The left ventricle (LV) volume, mass, ejection fraction (EF), and longitudinal and circumferential strain in participants with the variants were not different compared to the overall cohort.ConclusionsWe observed a higher prevalence of rare potentially pathogenic CM associated genetic variants in participants with significant myocardial fibrosis quantified in CMR as compared to controls without significant fibrosis. No cardiac structural or functional differences were found between participants with or without P/LP variants.
Treatment Strategies for Ventricular Septal Rupture After Myocardial Infarction: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Ma Dongliang , Zhang Zhibiao , Zhang Shunye , Wang Zhongchao , Zhang Gang , Wang Chongjun , Xi Jicheng 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveTo analyze treatment strategies, prognosis, and related risk factors of patients with postinfarction ventricular septal rupture, as well as the impact of timing of surgical intervention.MethodsA total of 23 patients diagnosed with postinfarction ventricular septal rupture who were non-selectively admitted to Shanxi Provincial Cardiovascular Hospital between October 2017 and August 2021 were included in this study. The relevant clinical data, operation-related conditions, and follow-up data were summarized for all patients. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used for the cumulative incidence of unadjusted mortality in patients with different treatment methods. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the independent risk factors for in-hospital patient mortality.ResultsThe mean age of the study patients was 64.43 ± 7.54 years, 12(52.2%) were females. There was a significant difference in terms of postoperative residual shunt between the surgical and interventional closure groups (5.9 vs. 100%, respectively; P &lt; 0.001). The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 21.7%; however, even though the surgical group had a lower mortality rate than the interventional closure group (17.6 vs. 33%, respectively), this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.576). Univariate analysis showed that in-hospital survival group patients were significantly younger than in-hospital death group patients (62.50 ± 6.53 vs. 71.40 ± 7.37 years, respectively; P = 0.016), and that women had a significantly higher in-hospital mortality rate than men (P = 0.037). The average postoperative follow-up time was 18.11 ± 13.92 months; as of the end of the study all 14 patients in the surgical group were alive, Two out of four patients survived and two patients died after interventional closure. Univariate analysis showed that interventional closure was a risk factor for long-term death (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionSurgical operation is the most effective treatment for patients with postinfarction ventricular septal rupture; however, the best timing of the operation should be based on the patient's condition and comprehensively determined through real-time evaluation and monitoring. We believe that delaying the operation time as much as possible when the patient's condition permits can reduce postoperative mortality. Interventional closure can be used as a supplementary or bridge treatment for surgical procedures.
Dynamic Dust Source Regions and the Associated Natural and Anthropogenic Dust Emissions at the Global Scale
Authors: Wang Zhen , Chen Siyu , Liu Chenxi , Chen Yu , Gong Yongqi , Cheng Shanlin 
Published: February 2022

Dust emission is a key factor for reproducing dust’s physical process and its climate impact in dust modeling. However, previous studies always employed static land cover types to classify potential dust sources, ignoring dynamic variations in the surface bareness, which may lead to large uncertainties in the simulated dust emission fluxes, especially in regard to anthropogenic dust (AD) emission induced by wind erosion of human-disturbed land surfaces. Combined with anthropogenic land use and land cover change, dynamic dust source regions and the associated natural dust (ND) and AD emissions at the global scale from 2001 to 2018 are estimated in this study. The results show that the AD emissions exhibit a significant seasonal variability and dispersion at the global scale in contrast to the generally concentrated spatial distributions of ND emissions. The high-value ND areas are primarily located in the Sahara Desert, Arabian Peninsula, Karakum Desert, East Asia, Australian Desert, and other large desert areas, and the ND emission flux reaches a maximum of 50 μg m−2 s−1 or higher. High values of the annual average AD emission fluxes are located in southern Russia (124.6 ± 26.6 μg m−2 s−1), northern China (103.2 ± 21.9 μg m−2 s-1), the central and northern United States (56.0 ± 17.4 μg m−2 s−1), and the southern side of the Sahara Desert (74.1 ± 14.2 μg m−2 s−1). Especially in southern Russia and northern Kazakhstan, the AD emission flux accounts for the largest contribution to the total dust emission flux, at 98.2%. The ND emission flux demonstrates an upward trend in the central Sahara Desert, southern Arabian Desert, and Iranian regions and a significant downward trend in northwestern China. The AD emissions exhibit a decreasing trend in northern China, western India, the southern side of the Sahara Desert, and the central United States from 2001 to 2018 due to the implementation of environmental protection policies and a decrease in the wind speed, with the highest rate of decline reaching −74.9 μg m−2 s−1/decade. This study provided confidence for the further investigation of dust mass balance and the climatic impacts of natural and anthropogenic dust.
Elevated Myoglobin in Patients With Primary Aldosteronism: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kang Bing , Peng Chuan , Wang Kanran , Song Ying , Yang Yi , Ma Linqiang , Mei Mei , Hu Jinbo , Yang Shumin , Wu Fei-Fei , Li Qifu 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivesPrimary aldosteronism (PA) is characterized by the autonomous excessive production of aldosterone in the adrenal cortex. Aldosterone is associated with damages to heart muscle and skeletal muscle. The purpose of this study was to evaluate serum levels of muscle injury markers and their associated factors in patients with primary aldosteronism.MethodsWe retrospectively enrolled subjects with PA and essential hypertension (EH) who had completed testing for serum high sensitivity troponin T (hs-TnT), creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB) and myoglobin from the database of the Chongqing Primary Aldosteronism Study (CONPASS). Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to analyze the influencing factors of myocardial injury markers.ResultsIn total, 278 patients with PA and 445 patients with EH were enrolled in this study. Compared with EH patients, serum concentrations of hs-TnT [7.0 (4.0–12.0) vs. 6.0 (3.0–11.0) ng/L; p=0.005] and myoglobin [24.2 (21.0–38.1) vs. 21.8 (21.0–31.9) μg/L; p=0.023] were significantly higher among PA patients, while no significant difference of CK-MB was found between two groups [1.4 (1.0–2.0) vs. 1.3 (0.9–1.9) μg/L; p=0.154]. Univariate linear regression analysis showed that myoglobin was negatively correlated with serum potassium (β=-0.31; p&lt;0.01) and positively correlated with plasma aldosterone concentration (β=0.40; p&lt;0.01) in the PA group, while no significant correlation was found between hs-TnT and biochemical parameters. After adjusting for multiple confounders, myoglobin was negatively correlated with serum potassium (β=-0.15; p&lt;0.05) and positively correlated with plasma aldosterone concentration (β=0.34; p&lt;0.01) in the PA group.ConclusionsThe serum level of myoglobin was significantly increased in PA patients, and myoglobin was independently correlated with plasma aldosterone concentration.
Is Natural Orifice Specimen Extraction Surgery Really Safe in Radical Surgery for Colorectal Cancer?
Authors: Liu Gang , Shi Lianghui , Wu Zehui 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundThe main feature of natural orifice specimen extraction (NOSE) is its avoidance of an auxiliary abdominal incision. The safety of NOSE remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the early safety of transanal NOSE in the treatment of sigmoid colon and upper rectal cancer from the follow aspects: clinical and pathological characteristics, inflammatory and immune indicators and postoperative complications.MethodsData from 125 patients diagnosed with sigmoid colon, and upper rectal cancer by gastrointestinal surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College from January 2017 to June 2020 were analyzed. Patients were assigned to two surgical groups: Conventional laparoscopic-assisted radical resection for CRC (CLA, 75cases) and laparoscopic-assisted radical resection for CRC with NOSE (La-NOSE, 50 cases). The following were compared: clinical and pathological characteristics; intraoperative, bacteriological, and oncological results; postoperative inflammation and immune response indexes. Bacteriological results were obtained by aerobic and anaerobic bacterial culture of peritoneal wash fluid and oncology results by cytological analysis of peritoneal wash liquid exudation. Inflammation indicators included postoperative C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) trend reactions. The immune index was the level of postoperative T lymphocytes (CD3, CD4/CD8). All data were analyzed by using SPSS statistical version 18.0 for windows. Measurement data are presented as the means ± standard deviations, and two-group comparisons were performed using the t-test. Comparisons of count data were performed using the chi-square test. p &lt;0.05 indicates that the difference was statistically significant.ResultsThe bacterial culture positive rate was not significant in the La-NOSE group (15/50 vs 19/75) than in the CLA group. The exfoliative cytology (EC) rate of the peritoneal wash fluid was 0 in both groups.The La-NOSE group had a significantly higher postoperative day 2(POD2) CRP and PCT level than the CLA group. The POD2 CD3 and CD4/CD8 levels were higher in the La-NOSE group than in the CLA group. There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups (La-NOSE group vs CLA group: 3/50 vs 6/75) (p&gt;0.05).ConclusionsAlthough the incidence of intra-abdominal contamination is high, it does not develop into a severe infectious disease, and does not lead to the implantation of free tumor cells into the abdominal cavity. Therefore, it is safe for the NOSE to treat colorectal cancer.