bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Objectively Measured Physical Activity Levels and Associated Factors in Older US Women During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Choudhury Renoa , Park Joon-Hyuk , Thiamwong Ladda , Xie Rui , Stout Jeffrey R 
Published: July 2022

Background
Physical activity (PA) is vital for attenuating the aging-related physiological and functional declines in women aged 60 years or above. However, little is known about the objectively assessed PA behavior in older women during the COVID-19 pandemic and its association with sociodemographics, health and physical function, and COVID-19 related factors.

Objective
This study aims to examine the objectively measured PA levels and associated factors among older US women who were living under the physical distancing guidelines during the second year of the pandemic.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, we collected free-living PA data from 94 community-dwelling older women aged between 60 and 96 years (mean age 75.1 years, SD 7.3) using wrist-worn ActiGraph GT9X accelerometers between February and August 2021. We examined whether their daily duration spent in sedentary behavior (SB), light-intensity physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) varied by sociodemographic characteristics, health and physical function, and COVID-19 related factors.

Results
On average, participants accumulated 12.4 (SD 1.9) hours/day in SB, 218.6 (SD 64.3) minutes/day in LPA, and 42.4 (SD 31.0) minutes/day in MVPA, exhibiting overall reduced PA levels than previously published pre–COVID-19 norms of older US women. Among participants aged ≥80 years, sedentary time was 7.5% (P=.003) higher and the time spent in LPA and MVPA was, respectively, 13.3% (P=.03) and 44.9% (P<.001) lower than those aged 60-79 years. More MVPA participation and a less sedentary lifestyle were observed in those who had a higher self-rated health score (MVPA: P=.001, SB: P=.04) and lower fear of falling (FOF; MVPA: P=.003, SB: P=.04). Poorer performance in the 30-second sit-to-stand (STS) test was independently associated with more SB (P=.01) and less LPA (P=.04) and MVPA (P=.001) time among participants. In addition, sedentary time was 5.0% higher (P=.03) in frail and prefrail participants than their healthy counterparts.

Conclusions
During the pandemic, older women spent the majority of their waking time being sedentary, while LPA accounted for a larger portion of their daily PA. Therefore, replacing SB with LPA (rather than MVPA) might provide a more feasible PA target for older women, particularly those aged ≥80 years or who have reduced physical function. In addition, targeted interventions might be beneficial in promoting an active lifestyle for those who live alone, are prefrail or frail, and have a high FOF in older age.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
RR2-10.2196/27381
Epidemiologia das cirurgias traumato-ortopédicas em dois hospitais do extremo sul do Brasil
Authors: Cousin Ewerton , Dumith Samuel Carvalho 
Published: July 2022

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o perfil dos pacientes submetidos a cirurgias traumato-ortopédicas. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, incluindo todos os pacientes submetidos a cirurgias traumato-ortopédicas em hospitais centro de referência estadual na cidade do Rio Grande (RS), no ano de 2014. Os dados foram coletados a partir dos prontuários dos pacientes. Foram coletadas informações de 1.791 cirurgias. Os resultados demonstraram que 57,7% dos pacientes eram do sexo masculino e a média de idade foi de 46,1 anos (DP = 22,2). As cirurgias foram realizadas predominantemente nos membros inferiores (60,6%) e a lesão mais frequente foi a fratura (61,1%). A maior parte das lesões teve causa traumática (66,3%), e as quedas representaram 54,2% dessas causas. A mediana do tempo de internação foi de três dias (média = 5,8). As informações obtidas a partir deste estudo poderão contribuir para um maior conhecimento do tipo de serviço prestado, auxiliando na gestão, no planejamento e no direcionamento de políticas públicas.
Heterogeneidade nas causas de morte da população idosa da região Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Oliveira Tamires Carneiro , Lima Kenio Costa 
Published: July 2022

Este artigo ecológico propõe-se a analisar os diferenciais na escala de prioridades das causas de morte entre a população idosa do Nordeste do Brasil, no período de 2001 a 2015, conforme três grupos etários: 60 a 69 anos (sexagenários), 70 a 79 anos (septuagenários) e 80 anos ou mais (longevos). Foram utilizados os dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM) e as causas de óbito foram analisadas descritivamente pela mortalidade proporcional. Sendo assim, registraram-se 2.461.383 óbitos, sendo a maior parte entre longevos (44,2%), no ambiente hospitalar (55,5%), entre homens (50,8%), de cor parda (49,0%), casados (37,1%) e sem nenhum ano de estudo (34,5%). As doenças cardiovasculares representaram a maior taxa de óbitos com mais de 30% em todos os grupos. Entre os sexagenários e septuagenários, a ordem de prioridades segue com as neoplasias, causas mal definidas, doenças endócrinas, metabólicas e nutricionais e doenças do aparelho respiratório. Já entre os longevos, a escala é seguida pelas causas mal definidas, doenças do aparelho respiratório, neoplasias e doenças endócrinas, metabólicas e nutricionais. Portanto, infere-se que os idosos longevos demandam uma atenção diferenciada dos outros idosos, sobretudo quanto à prevenção e ao tratamento das doenças respiratórias, bem como uma melhor determinação da causa básica nas declarações de óbito.
Fatores associados a óbitos de adultos hospitalizados vivendo com AIDS
Authors: Maia Jéssica Karen de Oliveira , Araujo Junior Antonio José Lima de , Travassos Priscila Nunes Costa , Costa Antonia Mayara Torres , Andrade Luciene Miranda de , Gimeniz Galvão Marli Teresinha 
Published: July 2022

Este trabalho visa identificar os fatores associados a óbitos de adultos hospitalizadas com aids. Para isso, foi realizado estudo do tipo transversal, desenvolvido mediante dados secundários obtidos de prontuários hospitalar de 263 adultos com diagnóstico de aids em Fortaleza, Ceará. As variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas foram consideradas preditoras e o óbito foi a variável desfecho. Foram expressas as frequências absoluta e relativa de cada variável e aplicados os testes exato de Fisher ou qui-quadrado de Pearson. Os fatores relacionados significativamente ao risco de óbito entre adultos foram: ensino fundamental incompleto (p = 0,001, OR = 1,85; IC = 1,02-3,37), estar afastado do trabalho (p = 0,039, OR = 1,59; IC = 0,81-3,23), possuir doença renal (92%; OR = 3,05; IC = 1,49-6,59), sífilis (85%; OR = 3,05; IC = 1,49-6,58), herpes simples (95%; OR = 3,98; IC = 1,16-19,01), histoplasmose (82%; OR = 0,22; I.C = 0,09-0,46), última contagem de LTCD4 < 200 (p = 0,002; OR = 3,35; IC = 1,37-9,20), queixas de dispneia e febre na admissão hospitalar (p < 0,001; OR = 0,74; IC = 0,20-2,67), tempo de internamento até sete dias (p < 0,001; OR = 0,12; IC = 0,03-0,33), primeira admissão no hospital (p = 0,002; OR = 2,15; IC = 1,31-3,55), acima de três internações no hospital (p = 0,003; OR = 3,09; IC = 1,43-6,88), ter sido internado em UTI (p < 0,001; OR = 0,12; IC = 0,04-0,28), ter realizado hemodiálise (p < 0,001; OR = 0,09; IC = 0,02-0,24), ventilação mecânica (p < 0,001; OR = 0,06; IC = 0,02-0,14) e recebido hemocomponentes e/ou hemoderivados (p < 0,001; OR = 0,18; IC = 0,10-0,32). Com esses dados, concluímos que os óbitos de adultos com aids aconteceram majoritariamente entre pessoas com condições sociodemográficas vulneráveis e com incidência considerável de doenças oportunistas, com demandas de cuidados intensivos.
Qualidade de vida de indivíduos com lesão diabética do Sul Catarinense
Authors: Belmiro Aneas Mendes , Schäfer Antônio Augusto , Quadra Micaela Rabelo , Meller Fernanda Oliveira 
Published: July 2022

A diabetes mellitus pode afetar negativamente a qualidade de vida. Esse fato é ainda mais agravado com a presença de complicações macro e microvasculares decorrentes da patologia, como a lesão diabética. Este artigo tem como objetivo avaliar a qualidade de vida e as características epidemiológicas das pessoas com lesão diabética, por meio do estudo descritivo realizado com todos os diabéticos que apresentavam lesão diabética e que foram atendidos no ambulatório de feridas de Criciúma (SC) (n = 54). A qualidade de vida foi avaliada em quatro domínios (físico, psicológico, ambiente e relações sociais) por meio do questionário WHOQOL-bref. Além disso, foram estudadas variáveis sociodemográficas e de saúde relacionadas com a lesão diabética. As análises descritivas foram apresentadas utilizando o programa Stata, versão 12.1. As principais causas da lesão foram trauma e neuropatia diabética (40,7%), grande parte das lesões estava localizada nos dedos dos pés (31,5%) e quase metade do número das pessoas referiu que a causa da lesão iniciou de forma desconhecida (47,9%). Os domínios de qualidade de vida apresentaram baixos escores (físico: 59,5; psicológico: 56,0; relações sociais: 56,0; ambiente: 69,0), sendo os domínios psicológico e de relações sociais os que apresentaram as menores médias. Pode-se observar como a lesão diabética pode afetar a saúde e a qualidade de vida desses indivíduos, o que sugere maior necessidade do cuidado por parte dos profissionais de saúde, a fim de melhorar esses aspectos referentes à saúde desses indivíduos.
Clinical and laboratory features of the course of the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Uzbekistan
Authors: Saydaliev S. S. , Kasimova R. I. , Mirzaev U. Kh. , Musabaev E. I. 
Published: July 2022

Objective: In this research, the clinical and laboratory characteristics of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) in Uzbekistan were studied. The study is considered useful for prevention and case detection, especially in condition of limited sources.Materials and Methods: This study was aimed to determine the clinical and laboratory characteristics of 81 confirmed cases of CCHF among patients who were admitted to infectious diseases hospitals in Uzbekistan from June 2011 to June 2018. The results of this study are based on a retrospective analysis of all confirmed patients.Results: 81 patients with CCHF confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods were examined. The research participants were mainly rural residents – 73 people (90%), 7 people from cities (8.5%), 1 person (1.5%) – a resident of the capital – Tashkent. The age of the patients ranged from 14 to 66 years, with an average of 35.9 ± 12.4 years. 39.5% (32 people) of the participants were women, the remaining 60.5% (49 people) were men. Mortality was 23% (19 patients) with an insignificant difference between men and women (p = 0.8). Most cases were reported from June to September.Conclusion: The occurrence of CCHF among rural residents once again confirms the geographical features and focal nature of the infection. The high contagiousness of the disease is demonstrated by the infection of medical workers, due to the close contact of staff with patients.We did not note the significant relationship between mortality and the period from the onset of the disease to hospitalization. However, there was a strong correlation of mortality with the days of hospital stay, with the blood clotting time and with the level of consciousness of patients.
Analysis of mortality and risk of death in HCV- and HCV/HIV-infected patients with extrahepatic manifestations
Authors: Dunaeva N. V. , Ulitina Yu. I. , Kolpashchikova E. Yu. , Romanova S. Yu. , Gusev D. A. 
Published: July 2022

The aim of the study was to analyze the mortality of patients infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) and co-infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with extrahepatic manifestations associated with cryoglobulinemia, and to assess the dependence of the risk of fatal outcome on such predictors as the presence of HIV infection, the presence of cirrhotic liver transformation, antiviral therapy (AVT) of chronic hepatitis C, cryoglobulin levels.Materials and Methods. The prospective study included 125 patients with HCV (n=92) and HCV/HIV infection (n=33) who had extrahepatic manifestations (arthralgia and/or skin hemorrhagic rashes and/or polyneuropathy and/or or Raynaud’s syndrome and/or xerophthalmia and/ or chronic kidney disease), as well as cryoglobulins.Results. 19 out of 125 patients (15% (95% CI 10-23%)) died in the follow-up period from 1 to 170 months (median 57 months), among which 12 people did not receive AVT for HCV infection during the follow-up period and 7 patients underwent AVT during the observation period. Unadjusted mortality among patients treated with AVT was 9% (95% CI 5–18%) (n=7/77), those who did not receive it was 25% (95% CI 15–39%) (n=12/48), χ2=5,806, p=0,016. Cox regression analysis showed that an increase in the risk of death is associated with the presence of cirrhotic liver transformation by 5,3 times and the absence of AVT by 3,7 times. The main causes of death in 69% of cases were causes not associated with liver pathology, in 26% were complications of liver cirrhosis (bleeding or progressive encephalopathy), in one case (5%) the cause of death remained unknown.Conclusions. Мortality among patients with HCV or HCV/HIV infection complicated by the development of extrahepatic manifestations associated with cryoglobulinemia is higher in the absence of AVT than in the case of AVT. Cirrhotic liver transformation and the absence of AVT significantly affect the risk of death. Patients with extrahepatic manifestations die mainly from causes not associated with liver pathology.
Fortalecimiento de habilidades blandas por medio de estrategias de gamificación en aprendices del centro de servicios financieros SENA, Bogotá – Colombia
Authors: GARCIA GARCIA GABRIEL GIOVANNY , RODRÍGUEZ SALAS CHRISTIAN CAMILO , MENDOZA CHAVEZ JEIMY CAROLINA 
Published: July 2022

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo principal dar a conocer los avances de una investigación sobre el fortalecimiento de habilidades blandas, por medio de estrategias de gamificación, la cual se está desarrollando en el Centro de Servicios Financieros del SENA. Para ello se han realizado encuestas sobre la percepción y la importancia de las habilidades blandas, centrándonos específicamente en la creatividad, la comunicación y el trabajo en equipo, de tal manera que esta investigación nos permita conocer y aplicar las mejores herramientas mediante la utilización de un software y material didáctico introduciendo la gamificación como estrategia para el fortalecimiento de las habilidades blandas, en el entorno familiar, el contexto social y la inclusión laboral de los aprendices SENA.
Media Aplikasi Paint terhadap Kemampuan Matematika Awal Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Nurhayati Eti , Jazariyah Jazariyah , Ellawati Siti 
Published: July 2022

Latar belakang penelitian ini disebabkan oleh minimnya penggunaan media atau alat peraga edukatif untuk kegiatan belajar mengajar, sehingga pada penyampaian materi kurang tersampaikan dengan baik terutama pada pembelajaran Matematika awal. Guru sebagai pendidik yang mengajarkan matematika pada anak usia dini membutuhkan media pembelajaran yang menarik dan menyenangkan. Pemilihan media dapat mempengaruhi kegiatan pembelajaran, dimana media dapat memudahkan dalam penyampaian materi salah satunya dengan menggunakan media aplikasi paint. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain Pre-test and Post-test Group. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Sampel yang digunakan yaitu anak kelompok B PAUD Al-Wahid Losari Cirebon. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji normalitas data, uji homogenitas, uji t, uji validitas, dan uji reliabilitas. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan: (1) Penerapan media aplikasi paint pada anak di di PAUD Al-Wahid Losari Cirebon dengan mengenalkan warna, bentuk geometri, dan angka menggunakan laptop dan bantuan mouse. Penerapan media komputer aplikasi paint tidak dalam bentuk kelompok, melainkan perorangan atau individual (2) Kemampuan matematika awal anak kelompok B setelah menggunakan media aplikasi paint berdasarkan hasil rata-rata nilai prosentase sebesar 76,33%. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa respon anak-anak setelah menggunakan media aplikasi paint termasuk ke dalam kriteria sangat baik karena nilai 76 berada pada interval 51-75%. (3) Pengaruh media aplikasi paint terhadap kemampuan matematika awal pada anak kelompok B berdasarkan hasil analisis data dikatakan bahwa penggunaan media aplikasi paint berpengaruh sebesar 70,80 dilihat dari hasil uji t Paired Samples sebesar 70,80 dan pada uji Paired Samples Test nilai signifikan sebesar 0,000. Karena nilai signifikan lebih kecil dari 0,05 dan thitung (5,624) lebih besar dari ttabel (2,262) maka H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. artinya terdapat peningkatan kemampuan Matematika awal pada anak usia dini kelompok B di PAUD Al-Wahid Losari Cirebon, setelah diberikan perlakuan dengan menggunakan media aplikasi paint
Pengetahuan Guru Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini tentang Metode Bercakap-Cakap pada Pembelajaran di PAUD
Authors: Thobi Mohamad , Rini Riswanti , Syafrudin Ulwan , Sofia Ari , Drupadi Rizky 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pengetahuan guru PAUD tentang metode bercakap-cakap pada pembelajaran di PAUD. Populasi penelitian ini, yaitu seluruh guru TK di Kecamatan Labuhan Ratu dengan jumlah gurusebanyak 94 guru, sampel penelitian dihitung menggunakan rumus Slovin dengan hasil 48 guru, kemudian peneliti menggunakan teknik sampling area, sebagai teknik pengambilan sampel. Sebanyak 48 guru perwakilan dari masing-masing kelurahan yang ada di Kecamatan Labuhan Ratu, seperti Kelurahan Labuhan Ratu, Kelurahan Labuhan Ratu Raya, Kelurahan Kampung Baru, Kelurahan Kampung Baru Raya, Kelurahan Kota Sepang dan Kelurahan Sepang Jaya. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu berupa tes dan dokumen. Sedangkan analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 34% guru berada pada tingkatan sangat paham, 39% guru berada pada tingakatan paham, 18% guru kurang paham dan 9% guru yang tidak paham metode bercakap-cakap. Kata kunci : metode bercakap-cakap, PAUD, pengetahuan guru.
Pembelajaran Online Anak Usia Dini Menggunakan Grup WhatsApp di Masa Covid-19
Authors: Rahiem Maila D.H. , Perdana Veda Ria 
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study was to describe how online learning utilizing WhatsApp (WA) groups for early childhood (ECE) was planned, implemented, and assessed during the COVID-19 period. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach. The data gathering took place in an Islamic kindergarten in Tangerang, Banten, between January and April 2021. The researchers conducted interviews with three teachers and observed group B's learning activities with seventeen students. The data were examined thematically using Saldaña's two-cycle codification model. The data demonstrates that: 1) teachers planned and communicatde activity plans weekly to parents via the WA group; 2) learning occured synchronously via video calls in the WA group for 30 minutes/day/study group from Monday to Thursday using teaching methods such as demonstrations, storytelling, experiments, assignments, and questions and answers; and 3) learning also occured asynchronously via teachers sending learning videos to children to study at home with their parents. 4) Daily and weekly checklist assessments, work appraisals, and anecdotes were used to assess learning.; 5) Children took an active role in their learning, and teachers assessed their performance to be good.; and 6) parental involvement in learning is critical to learning success. Early childhood online learning via WA groups continues to be a popular alternative due to its relative ease, affordability, and practicality.Keyword: Early childhood education (ECE), distance learning, digital technology, kindergarten
La historia, campo de batalla de la filosofía
Authors: Gómez Alonso Modesto 
Published: July 2022

Las pretensiones del autor son: (1) Clarificar los conceptos, objetivos y criteriología de la teoría política. (2) Señalar las diferencias fundamentales de dos concepciones opuestas de la historia: modernidad e historicismo. (3) Subrayar la unidad que tales diferencias ocultan y mostrar sus deficiencias y oscuridades. ( 4) Proponer una nueva unidad de medida de las actuaciones públicas, que concuerde con la estructura de la acción y con la práctica ordinaria. Para ello se emplea un método crítico y constructivo: el análi sis de la contraposición actitud ética-actitud política permitirá constatar los endebles cimientos de esta dicotomía, obligando a la fijación de coordenadas que no la incluyan, coordenadas según las cuales la evaluación política no será el juicio de las motivaciones de la acción, sino de sus resultados previsibles.
Del cuociente electoral a la cifra repartidora
Authors: Ochoa Morales Álvaro 
Published: July 2022

Nuestro país, como muchos otros, tiene desde hace muchos años un sistema muy bueno para asignar los cupos en los diversos cuerpos colegiados, con el que se brinda a las minorías la pos¡bilidad de ser elegidos, en proporción al número de votos que hubiesen obtenido. Ese sistema lo llamamos cuociente electoral o cociente electoral y, mediante él se logra que, por ejemplo, en un Concejo encontremos 5 concejales de un partido, 3 de otro, 1 de un movimiento, 1 de otro, etc. El cociente se logra al dívidir el número de votos válidos entre el número de cargos a proveerse y, así, por cada vez que ese cociente quepa en el número de votos obtenidos por un partido o movimiento, tal partido o movimiento tendrá ese número de elegidos. Los cupos sobrantes se asignan a los residuos, en estricto orden de mayor a menor.
Sobre conflictos y negociación: una perspectiva diferente sobre el caso colombiano
Authors: Gómez Araújo Luis Alberto 
Published: July 2022

Hablar de conflictos y negociación en medio de la guerra no es fácil. Los ánimos exacerbados nunca han sido buenos consejeros para la toma prudente de decisiones, de allí que el ejercicio por tratar de entender estos temas es de la mayor importancia en momentos de incertidumbre como los que vivimos actualmente los colombianos.
Responsabilidad civil por daño ambiental
Authors: Mesa García Luis Guillermo 
Published: July 2022

Hay muchas más preguntas que respuestas, cuando uno se pone a pensar en los diferentes aspectos de la responsabilidad civil extracontractual en el daño ambiental. La primera dificultad que uno se encuentra entre muchas, es la definición o el concepto de lo que significa el medio ambiente; luego viene otro escollo: ¿Qué debe entenderse por daño ambiental? ¿habrá que conceptualizarlo, desde la ecología, desde la antropología, desde la visión de la economía clásica o desde la visión de la economía ambiental, o recurrir a definiciones de carácter normativas? De lo que sí estoy seguro, es de que cualquier concepto, de entrada, tiene el criterio de la flexibilidad como principio.
Los derechos humanos: justificación filosófica y función política
Authors: Gómez Alonso Modesto 
Published: July 2022

Spinoza inicia su última obra, el Tratado político, ironizando sobre las elucubraciones socio-jurídicas de aquellos que se proclaman maestros de la humanidad: los filósofos. Constata que “nadie es menos idóneo para gobernar el Estado” y proporciona las razones de esa exclusión: en la medida en que “han aprendido a alabar, de diversas formas, una naturaleza humana que no existe en parte alguna y a vituperar con sus dichos la que realmente existe”; nunca han sido capaces, a diferencia de lo que sucede con los políticos, cuyas acciones se basan en la experiencia, de idear “una política que pueda llevarse a la práctica.”5 La irrealizabilidad de sus modelos de sociabilidad, de Estado y de gobierno descansa, por consiguiente, en su ignorancia del hombre y de la naturaleza y su fracaso práctico es la consecuencia de su desarraigo y confusión teóricos.