bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
E-learning is a burden for the deaf and hard of hearing
Authors: Rodrigues Filipa M. , Abreu Ana Maria , Holmström Ingela , Mineiro Ana 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWhen considering deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) population, research recognizes that fatigue due to communication challenges and multi-focal attention allocation is a significant concern. Given the putative heightened demands of distance learning on deaf and hard of hearing students, we investigate how an online environment might differently affect deaf and hard of hearing participants, compared to hearing participants, Portuguese Sign Language (PSL) users and non-users. Our findings show that the deaf and hard of hearing group present higher values in the post-task fatigue rates with significant differences from the hearing group (non-PSL users). Furthermore, our results revealed an association between post-task fatigue rates and lower performance scores for the deaf and hard of hearing group, and the gap is significantly bigger when compared with the hearing group (non-PSL users). We also found evidence for high levels of post-task fatigue and lower performance scores in the hearing group PSL users. These novel data contribute to the discussion concerning of the pros and cons of digital migration and help redesign more accessible and equitable methodologies and approaches, especially in the DHH educational field, ultimately supporting policymakers in redefining optimal learning strategies.
Extracurricular sports activities modify the proprioceptive map in children aged 5–8 years
Authors: Wang Can , Gao Jie , Deng Zhiqing , Zhang Yichong , Zheng Chao , Liu Xiaoli , Sperandio Irene , Chen Juan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Chinese government has recently issued the strictest ever guideline to improve the compulsory education system. The new policy aims at reducing the burden of excessive homework and supplementary tutoring, whilst promoting extracurricular activities, including sports and arts, for primary and junior middle school students. To examine the impact that this reform might have on sensory development—which is critical for higher-order cognitive functions—we assessed proprioceptive abilities in children from 5 to 8 years of age. Proprioception refers to sensations of position and motion of the body in space and is mediated by activity in somatosensory and prefrontal cortical areas. By asking participants to perform position matching tasks in the forward–backward directions, we were able to compare the proprioceptive maps of children with and without regular sports training. We demonstrate that extracurricular sports activities can modify the proprioceptive map and improve proprioceptive acuity and stability in school-aged children.
Double-frequency grating shearing interferometer with built-in phase-shifting function for robust multi-level phase retrieval
Authors: Yu Yeh-Wei , Hou Tsung-Yi , Yang Tsung-Hsun , Sun Ching-Cherng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we propose and demonstrate a novel interferometer and signal process to retrieve two-dimensional signals with multilevel phases. The interferometer is based on a shearing interferometry with double-frequency grating, and phase-shifting interferometry is derived as a built-in function of the lateral displacement of the grating. The interferometer not only retrieves the multilevel phase signals but also eliminates slow-varying phase errors wherever they occur. Owing to the common path algorithm, the new interferometer is more robust in dynamic circumstances for optical testing and data processing. We propose a pre-integral signal process for two-dimensional (2D) data processing to prevent post-phase-integral due to shearing interferometry. The simulation and experiment showed that the proposed interferometer with a pre-integral process has various advantages in signal processing for multilevel phase retrieval, and will be useful for higher data rates in optical data storage and free-space communication.
Jaw1/LRMP increases Ca2+ influx upon GPCR stimulation with heterogeneous effect on the activity of each ITPR subtype
Authors: Okumura Wataru , Kozono Takuma , Sato Hiroyuki , Matsui Hitomi , Takagi Tsubasa , Tonozuka Takashi , Nishikawa Atsushi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCa2+influx upon G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) stimulation is observed as a cytosolic Ca2+concentration oscillation crucial to initiating downstream responses including cell proliferation, differentiation, and cell–cell communication. Although Jaw1 is known to interact with inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor (ITPRs), Ca2+channels on the endoplasmic reticulum, the function of Jaw1 in the Ca2+dynamics with physiological stimulation remains unclear. In this study, using inducible Jaw1-expressing HEK293 cells, we showed that Jaw1 increases Ca2+influx by GPCR stimulation via changing the Ca2+influx oscillation pattern. Furthermore, we showed that Jaw1 increases the Ca2+release activity of all ITPR subtypes in a subtly different manner. It is well known that the Ca2+influx oscillation pattern varies from cell type to cell type, therefore these findings provide an insight into the relationship between the heterogeneous Ca2+dynamics and the specific ITPR and Jaw1 expression patterns.
Screening and purification of NanB sialidase from Pasteurella multocida with activity in hydrolyzing sialic acid Neu5Acα(2–6)Gal and Neu5Acα(2–3)Gal
Authors: Nugroho Christian Marco Hadi , Kurnia Ryan Septa , Tarigan Simson , Silaen Otto Sahat Martua , Triwidyaningtyas Silvia , Wibawan I. Wayan Teguh , Natalia Lily , Takdir Andi Khomeini , Soebandrio Amin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractStudy on sialidases as antiviral agents has been widely performed, but many types of sialidase have not been tested for their antiviral activity. Pasteurella multocida NanB sialidase is one such sialidase that has never been isolated for further research. In this study, the activity of NanB sialidase was investigated in silico by docking the NanB sialidase of Pasteurella multocida to the Neu5Acα(2–6)Gal and Neu5Acα(2–3)Gal ligands. Additionally, some local isolates of Pasteurella multocida, which had the NanB gene were screened, and the proteins were isolated for further testing regarding their activity in hydrolyzing Neu5Acα(2–6)Gal and Neu5Acα(2–3)Gal. Silico studies showed that the NanB sialidase possesses an exceptional affinity towards forming a protein–ligand complex with Neu5Acα(2–6)Gal and Neu5Acα(2–3)Gal. NanB sialidase of Pasteurella multocida B018 at 0.129 U/mL and 0.258 U/mL doses can hydrolyze Neu5Acα(2–6)Gal and Neu5Acα(2–3)Gal better than other doses. In addition, those doses can inhibit effectively H9N2 viral binding to red blood cells. This study suggested that the NanB sialidase of Pasteurella multocida B018 has a potent antiviral activity because can hydrolyze sialic acid on red blood cells surface and inhibit the H9N2 viral binding to the cells.
Neural network-based clustering model of ischemic stroke patients with a maximally distinct distribution of 1-year vascular outcomes
Authors: Kim Joon-Tae , Kim Nu Ri , Choi Su Hoon , Oh Seungwon , Park Man-Seok , Lee Seung-Han , Kim Byeong C. , Choi Jonghyun , Kim Min Soo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractClustering stroke patients with similar characteristics to predict subsequent vascular outcome events is critical. This study aimed to compare several clustering methods, particularly a deep neural network-based model, and identify the best clustering method with a maximally distinct 1-year outcome in patients with ischemic stroke. Prospective stroke registry data from a comprehensive stroke center from January 2011 to July 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with acute ischemic stroke within 7 days of onset were included. The primary outcomes were the composite of all strokes (either hemorrhagic or ischemic), myocardial infarction, and all-cause mortality within one year. Neural network-based clustering models (deep lifetime clustering) were compared with other clustering models (k-prototype and semi-supervised clustering, SSC) and a conventional risk score (Stroke Prognostic Instrument-II, SPI-II) to obtain a distinct distribution of 1-year vascular events. Ultimately, 7,650 patients were included, and the 1-year primary outcome event occurred in 13.1%. The DLC-Kuiper UB model had a significantly higher C-index (0.674), log-rank score (153.1), and Brier score (0.08) than the other cluster models (SSC and DLC-MMD) and the SPI-II score. There were significant differences in primary outcome events among the 3 clusters (41.7%, 13.4%, and 6.5% in clusters 0, 1, and 2, respectively) when the DLC-Kuiper UB model was used. A neural network-based clustering model, the DLC-Kuiper UB model, can improve the clustering of stroke patients with a maximally distinct distribution of 1-year vascular outcomes among each cluster. Further studies are warranted to validate this deep neural network-based clustering model in ischemic stroke.
Expression pattern and clinical significance of β-catenin gene and protein in patients with primary malignant and benign bone tumors
Authors: Khademian Narges , Mirzaei Alireza , Hosseini Ameinh , Zare Leila , Nazem Shima , Babaheidarian Pegah , Sheikhi Alireza , Abdolvahabi Zohreh , Ibrahimi Mostafa , Jamshidi Khodamorad , Rahbar Mahtab , Salimi Vahid , Tavakoli-Yaraki Masoumeh 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study is aimed to unravel the status of local and circulating β-catenin in different primary bone tumors and its relevance to tumor types, severity, and chemotherapy. The β-catenin mRNA expression level and the expression of the protein (intensity level) were evaluated in tumor tissue and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 150 patients with different types of primary bone tumors (78 malignant and 72 benign tumors) using Real-Time PCR and immunohistochemistry. The β-catenin mRNA expression level and the expression of the protein were increased in bone tumors which was positively correlated with the tumor malignancy. Amongst osteosarcoma, Ewing's Sarcoma, chondrosarcoma, osteochondroma, Giant Cell Tumor, and exostosis tumors, the osteosarcoma, and Giant Cell Tumor groups showed the highest level of β-catenin expression. The β-catenin expression in malignant bone tumors was significantly correlated with tumor grade, size, metastasis, tumor recurrent, and the level of response to chemotherapy. A similar pattern of β-catenin gene expression and its association with tumor characteristics was detected in the patient's peripheral blood cells. The simultaneous increase in the expression of the β-catenin gene and protein in tumor tissue and in circulating blood cells and its relationship with tumor severity indicates the possible promoting role of β-catenin in primary bone tumor pathogenesis.
Mitochondrial genome of Garcinia mangostana L. variety Mesta
Authors: Wee Ching-Ching , Nor Muhammad Nor Azlan , Subbiah Vijay Kumar , Arita Masanori , Nakamura Yasukazu , Goh Hoe-Han 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFruits ofGarcinia mangostanaL. (mangosteen) are rich in nutrients with xanthones found in the pericarp having great pharmaceutical potential. Mangosteen variety Mesta is only found in Malaysia, which tastes sweeter than the common Manggis variety in Southeast Asia. In this study, we report the complete mitogenome ofG. mangostanaL. variety Mesta with a total sequence length of 371,235 bp of which 1.7% could be of plastid origin. The overall GC content of the mitogenome is 43.8%, comprising 29 protein-coding genes, 3 rRNA genes, and 21 tRNA genes. Repeat and tandem repeat sequences accounted for 5.8% and 0.15% of the Mesta mitogenome, respectively. There are 333 predicted RNA-editing sites in Mesta mitogenome. These include the RNA-editing events that generated the start codon ofnad1gene and the stop codon ofccmFCgene. Phylogenomic analysis using both maximum likelihood and Bayesian analysis methods showed that the mitogenome of mangosteen variety Mesta was grouped under Malpighiales order. This is the first complete mitogenome from theGarciniagenus for future evolutionary studies.
Three-dimensional structure and transport pathways of dust aerosols over West Asia
Authors: Gandham Harikishan , Dasari Hari Prasad , Karumuri Ashok , Ravuri Phani Murali Krishna , Hoteit Ibrahim 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the seasonal climatology of the three-dimensional distribution and transport pathways of dust aerosols over West Asia (WA). Dust column loading over WA exhibits strong seasonality, with markedly high (weak) loading during summer (winter). The summer dust features over WA include the (i) dust reaching up to the 500 hPa level between the Red Sea (RS) and the west coast of the Indian subcontinent (IS); (ii) a slantwise advection of dust aerosols between 850 and 700 hPa levels over the Arabian Peninsula (AP) and Arabian Sea (AS); and (iii) a prominent mid-tropospheric zonal transport of AP dust toward the IS. Maximum column integrated horizontal dust mass flux (DMF) over WA is observed in summer. The intraday changes in the intensity and spatial spread of the DMF over the AP are mediated by the out-of-phase evolution of the surface winds and low-level Shamal jets. Furthermore, the diurnal changes in the strength of the inversion layers located above the monsoon boundary layer and associated wind shear regulate the spatial patterns and intensity of the DMF over the AS. The findings will support future studies aiming at quantifying the radiative effects of dust on the regional climate.
Spotted lanternfly predicted to establish in California by 2033 without preventative management
Authors: Jones Chris , Skrip Megan M. , Seliger Benjamin J. , Jones Shannon , Wakie Tewodros , Takeuchi Yu , Petras Vaclav , Petrasova Anna , Meentemeyer Ross K. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractModels that are both spatially and temporally dynamic are needed to forecast where and when non-native pests and pathogens are likely to spread, to provide advance information for natural resource managers. The potential US range of the invasive spotted lanternfly (SLF, Lycorma delicatula) has been modeled, but until now, when it could reach the West Coast’s multi-billion-dollar fruit industry has been unknown. We used process-based modeling to forecast the spread of SLF assuming no treatments to control populations occur. We found that SLF has a low probability of first reaching the grape-producing counties of California by 2027 and a high probability by 2033. Our study demonstrates the importance of spatio-temporal modeling for predicting the spread of invasive species to serve as an early alert for growers and other decision makers to prepare for impending risks of SLF invasion. It also provides a baseline for comparing future control options.
Novel optimal time selection method for synthetic aperture radar data processing via expectation‐maximization algorithm
Authors: Cao Rui , Wang Yong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA novel optimal time selection method for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data processing via the expectation‐maximization (EM) algorithm is proposed, which can reduce the computational complexity and improve the image quality simultaneously. First, the Doppler frequency feature after the SAR processing is analyzed from the point of probability. Then, the Doppler frequency is modelled as the Gaussian mixture model (GMM), and the issue of optimal time selection can be implemented by the parameter estimation of GMM. The results of simulated and real measured data are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Regularised task‐related component analysis for robust SSVEP‐based brain‐computer interface
Authors: Lee H. K. , Choi Y.‐S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRecent advancements in steady‐state visual evoked potential‐based brain‐computer interface have been made possible by the widespread use of various spatial filtering methods. Task‐related component analysis has superiority over existing subject‐specific target frequency recognition methods. However, the optimised spatial filters of task‐related component analysis generated from a small training dataset are susceptible to artefacts and noise, which can be overfitted, particularly in short time windows. To tackle this issue, the authors propose a regularised task‐related component analysis that adopts three regularisation approaches to the objective function of task‐related component analysis. Conventionally, the regularisation method is a simple and efficient way to overcome the overfitting problem, especially for a small training dataset. To this end, the proposed regularised task‐related component analyses outperform the conventional task‐related component analysis in terms of average classification accuracy and information transfer rate.
Discrete‐time current regulator with arbitrary poles placement for alternating current machines
Authors: Zhu Yuan , Meng Ling , Xiao Mingkang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTo pursue high‐performance motor drive, the current regulators are designed directly in the discrete domain. However, few kinds of research are developed to achieve arbitrary poles placement simply. To fill this gap, the authors propose a discrete‐time current regulator consisting of two parts: the main regulator used to obtain decoupling control of dq axes currents, and the bi‐proper compensator applied to realise arbitrary poles placement. To strengthen the anti‐disturbance ability of the current regulator, the active resistance is added to the inner feedback path. Combining the active resistance, a new zero‐order‐hold equivalent motor model is developed, based on which the main regulator is designed using the zero‐pole cancellation method. Furthermore, in this way, decoupling control for the two control objectives of reference tracking and anti‐disturbance is realised. To achieve fast tracking response and negligible overshoot, an easy‐to‐implement scheme that simplifies the tuning of the current regulator is proposed based on the arbitrary poles placement. Moreover, the current regulator can be treated as a two‐degree‐of‐freedom controller with this scheme. Finally, the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed current regulator are validated by the simulation results and experimental results in an alternating current machine drive platform.
Multi‐physics analysis of double‐sided tubular linear machine with misalignment faults
Authors: Guo Liang , Liu Junhui , Galea Michael 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMulti air‐gap tubular linear machines usually take the form of a double‐sided tubular linear machine (DSTLM). Such machines have a higher space utilisation and higher power density than their single air‐gap counterparts, but at the same time the structure is more complex. It is traditionally very difficult to mechanically implement a movement between two slotted stators, whilst maintaining an even air gap distribution. Thermally, the inner stator is another complex aspect of a DSTLM. However, very little understanding of these two aspects and how they influence the performances of tubular machines exists today. Therefore in this paper, the aim is to accurately analyse the influence of temperature rise and eccentricity fault on the performances of DSTLM. A two‐way electromagnetic‐fluid‐thermal multi‐physics coupling model of the DSTLM is established. The variations of electromagnetic, fluid and thermal characteristics with the eccentricity are systematically analysed. A physical prototype is manufactured and the analysed results are verified by the experiments.
A novel bidirectional nonuniform hybrid circuit breaker considering different direction protection requirements
Authors: Jiang Zhuangxian , Guo Chao , Ye Chengjin , Ding Yi , Tang Xueyong , Fang Youtong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHybrid switching technologies such as zero voltage switching (ZVS) and zero current switching (ZCS) are widely accepted to protect DC power systems from different kinds of faults. However, in some cases such as the protection of DC generators in the electrical distribution system of modern ships, different protection strategies are needed for faults in different directions and both ZVS and ZCS technologies may be needed in one circuit breaker. This special protection requirement will lead to being more complicated in the bidirectional protection of the system and limits the application of the hybrid circuit breakers. Therefore, a novel bidirectional nonuniform hybrid circuit breaker based on a special combination of ZVS and ZCS technologies is proposed to simplify the overall topology of the circuit breaker. The proposed scheme can interrupt high rate‐of‐rise fault current in one direction by ZCS technology while interrupting short‐circuit current in another direction with short‐circuit short‐delay strategy by ZVS technology. First, the topology and working principle of the proposed bidirectional nonuniform hybrid circuit breaker are introduced. Moreover, three current commutation processes involved in both directions of fault current interrupting are analysed to achieve the optimal connection structure. Furthermore, a high‐speed driving mechanism of the vacuum interrupter (VI) based on the flexible conjunction of an electromagnetic repulsion (EMR) driver and a permanent magnetic (PM) system is introduced and the structure of the optimal connection is designed. Finally, the proposed topology of the hybrid circuit breaker is validated using a realistic 800 V/1600 A prototype. The short‐circuit breaking off tests of both directions are conducted. The feasibility of the proposed scheme is verified with these tests.
Hierarchical search approach based online model predictive control of three‐level converter fed PMSM driving systems
Authors: Guan Bo , Zhen Xiaoliang , Yan Xuyang , Du Xiong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe finite‐control‐set model predictive control (FCS‐MPC) can achieve a high output and fast control response. However, the size of the candidate vector set of FCS‐MPC must be very huge to achieve a satisfactory steady‐state control performance. Although some studies suggest that the candidate vector set can be expanded by increasing the number of vectors in one period or directly defining new virtual vectors, there is a tricky contradiction between improving the steady‐state control performance and reducing the computational burden. It makes the online realization difficult. This study presents a hierarchical search approach based FCS‐MPC of three‐level converter fed permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) driving systems. The optimal vector is obtained by continuously shrinking the vector space, so that only 30 prediction calculations are needed to evaluate more than 20,000 candidate vectors. Consequently, the proposed method can achieve the excellent steady‐and transient‐state control performance online. Moreover, since the optimal vector is chosen directly from the vector set, the linear‐and over‐modulation are unified. No special treatment is necessary for over‐modulation driving systems, because the reference voltage is decided naturally by the cost function of FCS‐MPC. Some experimental results are shown finally to prove the correctness and feasibility of the proposed method.