bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of SrCl2 on the corrosion behavior of magnesium
Authors: Cao Fuyong , Zhang Jing , Song Xin , Chen Jinhua , Ying Tao , Song Guang-Ling 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The influence of SrCl2 on the corrosion behavior of magnesium (Mg) in 3.5 wt.% NaCl was evaluated by immersion testing, electrochemical measurement and the examination of the corrosion morphology. A small addition of SrCl2 decreased the corrosion rate of Mg. In contrast, an excess of SrCl2 increased the corrosion rate of Mg, even higher than that in 3.5 wt.% NaCl. There is a competition effect of the SrCl2 on the corrosion behavior of Mg in 3.5 wt.% NaCl. The Sr2+ can improve the protection of corrosion product film through the formation of SrCO3. While the Cl− can damage the protection of the corrosion product film. The Mg specimen achieved the best corrosion resistance in 3.5 wt.% NaCl + 0.005 mol L−1 SrCl2.
Fabrication of bimetallic Au–Pt NSs for the catalytic reduction of nitroarenes
Authors: Rauf Muhammad Furqan , Mukhtar Aiman , Rauf Muhammad Kamran , Wu Kaiming 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This work is based on the preparation of Au–Pt NSs (Nano stars) @Au core, Au–Pt NSs@Au1Pt3 core, Au–Pt NSs@Au1Pt1 core, Au–Pt NSs@Au3Pt1 core and Au@Pt NCs (Nano cubes) by a seed-mediated synthesis route. The characterizations of the prepared bimetallic NSs and NCs were conducted with ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. The catalytic activities of the prepared Au–Pt NPs for 2-nitrophenol (2NP), 3-nitrophenol (3NP), 4-nitrophenol (4NP), 2-nitroresorcinol (2NR), and 4-nitrocatchol (4NR) reduction have been investigated. The results evidently demonstrated that the superior catalytic activities of Au–Pt alloy nano-dendrites can be attributed to the metal–metal connection (synergy between Au and Pt) in the catalysts.
In Defense of Wishful Thinking
Authors: Prendergast E. R. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In Utopophobia: On the Limits (If Any) of Political Philosophy, David Estlund defends against utopophobia in political philosophy. Estlund claims that it is no defect in a theory of justice if it sets a high standard that has little chance of being achieved by any society. The book does not, however, give similar permission to argue for unrealistically optimistic political proposals. Going beyond Estlund, I consider the possibility that some utopian thinking is warranted not just in the context of formulating a theory of justice, but in the practical context, too. Sometimes theorizers ought to argue for and pursue political proposals that seem unrealistically optimistic.
Kata Kerja, Hubungan Leksikal Dan Komponen Makna Dalam Bahasa Iklan Kecantikan
Authors: Zahid Indirawati , Abdul Jalil Jasminerah 
Published: April 2022

Dalam konteks iklan produk kecantikan wanita terdapat sejumlah kata kerja yang digunakan untuk mempengaruhi penggunanya. Bagi memperlihatkan fungsi ini, analisis frekuensi, hubungan leksikal dan komponen makna kata kerja dilakukan pada slogan dan keterangan produk kecantikan dua syarikat ternama di Malaysia. Produk kecantikan tubuh, iaitu kecantikan dalaman dan luaran dikumpulkan mulai bulan Julai sehingga September 2018. Jumlah keseluruhan kata kerja ialah 233 kata. Antara metod yang diaplikasi, ialah syot layar, analisis frekuensi dan analisis teks. Analisis ini mempunyai dua objektif, iaitu 1) mengenal pasti kata kerja yang lazim digunakan; dan 2) menganalisis hubungan leksikal dan komponen makna kata kerjanya. Pengenalpastian kata kerja yang lazim dalam iklan bertitik tolak daripada perbincangan Leech (1966) manakala komponen makna berasaskan Nida (1979). Dapatan analisis memperlihatkan penggunaan kata kerja yang lazim disebabkan oleh faktor ketepatan makna dan kolokasi. Terdapat 18 kata kerja yang lazim dan membentuk lima kelompok hubungan leksikal, sinonimi. Kelima-lima kelompok kata sinonim ini akhirnya membentuk tiga komponen makna bersama, iaitu [-mencukupi], [+ada] dan [-ada]. Kesimpulannya, komponen makna bersama ini telah menjadi asas pemilihan kata kerja dalam bahasa iklan.
In the context of female beauty product advertisement, there are a number of verbs used to influence customers. To demonstrate this function, frequency analysis, lexical relation and semantic components were carried out on the slogan and description of beauty products of two well-known companies in Malaysia. Body beauty products, which focus both on internal and external beauty, were collected from July to September 2018 with a total number of 233 verbs. The methods applied to identify these verbs were screen shot, frequency analysis and text analysis. The analysis has two objectives, 1) to identify the most common verbs used; and 2) to analyze its lexical relation and semantic components. The identification of the common verbs was done based on Leech (1966) while the analysis of the semantic component was based on Nida (1979). Analysis shows the most common verbs used is due to the precise meaning and collocation factors. There are 18 common verbs which formed five groups of lexical relation. The total numbers of these words are 115. These five groups of synonymous words would form three common semantic components [- mencukupi], [+ ada] and [-ada]. In conclusion, these semantic component can be used as the basis to identify verbs in advertising language.
On Common Root Nouns of the Lithuanian Language with the Suffixes -(i)acija and -imas
Authors: Vaskelienė Jolanta 
Published: April 2022

The article discusses common root nouns of the Lithuanian language with the ending of foreign origin -(i)acija and the suffix of Lithuanian origin -imas. The study, which was based on the analysis of 406 Lithuanian words, revealed that some of the words with -(i)acija form a derivational opposition with verbs; therefore, they should be considered derivatives and that quite often, the -(i)acija derivatives form pairs of derivative synonyms with the -imas(is) verb abstracts. The meanings of nouns, and especially the examples of usage found in the corpora, have shown that in many cases, common root derivatives with -(i)acija and -imas(is) are partial synonyms: they have semantic and valency differences that are neutralized only in certain word combinations; hence, it is impossible to talk about the possibilities of substitution without restrictions. Sometimes the members of pairs of derivative synonyms differ stylistically (for example, the -(i)acija derivatives are terms); often, the frequency of use of common root derivatives also differs. It is believed that in the sources of the lexicography of the current Lithuanian language, some used derivatives or their new meanings should appear (for example, komunikavimas ‘communication’, mutavimas ‘mutation’, vulgarizavimas ‘vulgarization’ and their base verbs).
A A Narrative of Different Voices: Stylistic Analysis of Multiple Points of View in Zadie Smith’s “NW”
Authors: Krasniqi Lurjana , Tahiri Lindita 
Published: April 2022

While the post-colonial approach (Fernández Carbajal, 2016; López-Ropero, 2016) has dominated research on Zadie Smith’s postmodern work, NW (2013), there has been little to no stylistic analysis of the novel. The article aims to fill in this theoretical gap by examining the different modes of point of view, indicating how they are linguistically encoded. Using Leech and Short’s model of narratological aspects of viewpoint (2007), the stylistic features of the third-person narrator and the reflectors are revealed. The analysis seeks to demonstrate that the narrative style varies with each shift of perspective and that the voice of the narrator and the characters’ points of view are linguistically intertwined. The research points out the stylistic metamorphosis of the narrator who moves from mimetic storytelling to metafiction, alternating between the covert narrator who foregrounds the characters’ point of view and the overt one who constantly pinpoints the linguistic identity of the novel. The fusion of form and content becomes the storyline of this novel, where the differences between viewpoints of the narrating voices reflect the differences between their lives.
The Catholic Church in the Czech Republic and Sexual Abuse of Minors
Authors: Vintrová Martina 
Published: April 2022

The article describes the present the situation in the Church in the Czech Republic in relation to the topic of sexual abuse of minors in terms of extension of cases, education in the topic, church documents and measures adopted and prayer initiatives. It also discusses the specific factors that make it difficult to accept the reality of the existence of sexual abuse of minors by clerics also in the Catholic Church in the territory of the Czech Bishops Conference.
Crisis Communication in the Context of Child and Youth Protection – Diagnosis, Problems, Challenges. The Case of the Catholic Church in Poland
Authors: Przybysz Monika , Kloch Józef 
Published: April 2022

Crisis management principles that have been in place and proven for decades by commercial companies and corporations, tested at great expense, apply equally to all non-commercial entities, governmental, religious, political, as well as to individuals. There is no deviation from them, as crises in today’s world are determined by the media, not the entity or institution itself. Every crisis can become an opportunity for change, strengthening, improvement, purification and even victory. The condition is a professional approach to the problem. A crisis can also be the beginning of the end, a failure. The biggest enemy of success in this situation is lack of knowledge how to act properly, mistakes in communication and management of resources. However, avoiding responsibility, hiding facts, manipulating information, being too quick and inconsiderate, resorting to falsehood, hypocrisy, and calculated behaviour will not facilitate success either. The article will analyse the institutional actions of the Catholic Church in Poland for the protection of children and adolescents in the context of the classical principles of crisis management applied in a crisis.
Violation of the Obligation of Residence According to the 1983 Code of Canon Law
Authors: Romanko Agnieszka 
Published: April 2022

The obligation of residence is the obligation to reside in a specific territory on a permanent basis in connection with holding an ecclesiastical office. The delict of violation of the obligation of residence is penalized under can. 1396 of the 1983 Code of Canon Law and is strictly linked to the entrusted ecclesiastical office such as: cardinals holding specific offices in the Roman Curia, diocesan bishop, coadjutor bishop, auxiliary bishop, diocesan administrator, pastor, parochial administrator and a group of clerics administering the parish in solidum, parochial vicar. Violation of the obligation of residence is subject to a mandatory penalty. The gravest penalty provided for by the ecclesiastical legislator is the privation of ecclesiastical office.
Q-Methodology to Identify perceptions of deceased organ donation in the UK
Authors: Muaid R. M. , Chesney T. 
Published: April 2022

Background. Attitude towards organ donation is predominantly positive in the UK, however, donation rate remains low. To develop more effective interventions, this research aims to examine the behavioural barriers in organ donations using Q methodology to elicit patterns of overlap among different barriers and motivators.Method. A Q methodology study was conducted with 40 participants aged 19–64 were asked to rank 47 statements on issues that are associated with organ donation. By-person factor analysis using Centroid method and Varimax rotation was conducted to bring out patterns in the way statements were ranked to obtain groupings of participants who had arranged the statements in similar fashion.Results. Four viewpoints were extracted: The Realist, the Optimist Hesitant, the Pessimist Determinant and the Empathetic. Salient barriers to organ donation presented in each viewpoint suggest that perceived lack of knowledge, anxiety, mistrust in the healthcare system and lack of cue to action are the main barriers to organ donation. Consensus statements suggest that religion and family agreement are inconsequential if attitude to organ donation is well formed.Conclusion. There are different attitudes around deceased organ donation that were uncovered using Q methodology. These results suggest that people respond to behavioural change campaigns differently depending in their own perceptions on organ donation. We argue that a paradigm shift in behavioural interventions is underpinned by understanding the overlapping yet distinctive nature perceived perspectives.
Induction of osteogenesis of the bone tissue Induction of osteogenesis in rabbit mandibular bone tissue using an albumin-based cryogenically structured porous 3D carrier loaded with a bioregulator
Authors: Shaikhaliev A. I. , Krasnov M. S. , Sidorsky E. V. , Yamskova V. P. , Lozinsky V. I. 
Published: April 2022

Objective: to study the induction of osteogenesis caused by introducing into the defect area broadly porous cryogenically structured 3D carriers, based on serum albumin and loaded with a bioregulator isolated from bovine serum on an experimental model of mandible defect in rabbits in vivo.Materials and methods. Cryogenically structured sponges in the form of cylindrical specimens, 5 mm in diameter and 5 mm in height, prepared from bovine serum albumin, were used as the bioregulator carrier. The experimental laboratory animals were male Chinchilla rabbits, weighing 2–2.5 kg. Bone tissue was skeletonized under anesthesia (intramuscular anesthetic Zoletil 100) with a 3-cm incision in the angle of the mandible and a 5-mm-diameter cutter was used to create a 2–3-mm deep defect to install an appropriate-size albumin sponge. A total of 24 animals participated in the experiment. X-ray control of the defect area was performed in vivo on day 14 using PanExam+ (Kavo) device (20 m X-ray). Histological examination of tissues was carried out at day 30 after the defect using a light microscope.Results. Experiments performed indicate an active restoration of bone tissue in the extensive defect area when using an albumin-based 3D carrier with the inclusion of a bioregulator as compared to the control experiments. There were osteointegrative and osteoinductive processes, almost complete decomposition (biodegradation) of albumin sponge with formation of islands of dense bone tissue with small foci of coarse fibrous tissue in the defect. This demonstrated good dynamics of recovery processes at this stage of healing.Conclusion. Under the action of a serum bioregulator contained in an albumin-based sponge, the repair process leads to restoration of normal bone tissue without formation of bone callus and altered bone tissue different from the native one.
Assessment of the clinical status and behavioral risk factors in patients with cardiovascular and other noncommunicable diseases in Russia and neighboring countries during quarantine and self-isolation
Authors: Drapkina O. M. , Mamedov M. N. , Serpitis P. , Seisembekov T. Z. , Mekhtiyev S. Kh. , Murkamilov I. T. , Yarovaya E. B. 
Published: April 2022

Aim. To carry out a comparative assessment of the clinical status and behavioral risk factors in patients with cardiovascular (CVD) and other noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in Russia and neighboring countries during quarantine and selfisolation in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.Material and methods. The study involved patients from Russia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Lithuania, Kyrgyzstan. A total of 351 men and women aged 30- 69 years with one or more NCDs were included, including hypertension (HTN), coronary artery disease with or without myocardial infarction, type 2 diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/ asthma, and cancer that were in quarantine self-isolation. To assess the clinical status and risk factors, patients underwent a questionnaire and examination. The changes in health status was assessed using the EQ-5D questionnaire.Results. During self-isolation and quarantine, 40% of patients noted a decrease and limitation of physical activity. An increase in food frequency and amount was registered in 35% of individuals. During quarantine, every third patient with HTN had hypertensive crises, and every fifth increased the doses of the drugs taken. In the examined cohort, exertional angina (30%) took second place among NCDs. In the group of Azerbaijan patients, every second had exertional angina, while in the Russian cohort — 33%, and in the Lithuanian group — every fourth patient. In general, health status deterioration among people with angina was noted in 6% of cases. In the examined group, type 2 diabetes was detected in 25% of cases. During quarantine, changes in hypoglycemic therapy were carried out in an average of 34% of patients. COVID-19 was registered in 22% of patients in the examined cohort. The largest number was found in the group from Kazakhstan — 57%, while the second place was taken by the Azerbaijan group — 40%. General condition deterioration was detected in 55% of cases in groups from Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan. In Russia, this was reported by 28,8% of patients, while in the group from Lithuania, every fourth patient noted a worsening of the health status. The lowest deterioration was registered in the Kyrgyzstan group (14%).Conclusion. During quarantine and self-isolation among patients with NCDs, a decrease in physical activity, an increase in food consumption and smoking was noted. There was health status deterioration in patients with various NCDs, primarily with CVDs, which required therapy changes. Taken together, this was reflected in general condition worsening in patients with chronic NCDs. It is obvious that the development of comprehensive preventive measures in conditions of selfisolation and quarantine is required.
Long-term outcomes in patients after COVID-19: data from the TARGET-VIP registry
Authors: Lukyanov M. M. , Kutishenko N. P. , Martsevich S. Yu. , Pulin A. A. , Andreenko E. Yu. , Voronina V. P. , Dindikova V. A. , Dmitrieva N. A. , Lerman O. V. , Makoveeva A. N. , Okshina E. Yu. , Sgibneva A. S. , Smirnov A. A. , Belova E. N. , Klyashtorny V. G. , Kudryashov E. V. , Karpov O. E. , Drapkina O. M. 
Published: April 2022

Aim. To assess long-term outcomes within 12 months after hospital treatment of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as part of a prospective registry.Material and methods. Outcomes in the posthospital period were assessed in 827 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 (age, 58,0±14,8 years; men, 51,3%). For periods of 30-60 days, 6 and 12 months after discharge from the hospital, cases of death, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke, hospitalization, acute respiratory viral infections/influenza were assessed. The follow-up period was 13,0±1,5 months.Results. During the follow-up period, 35 (4,2%) patients died, 6 (0,73%) and 4 (0,48%) cases of MI and stroke were registered. In addition, 142 (17%) patients were hospitalized, while 217 (26,2%) patients had acute respiratory viral infections/ influenza. Factors of age and length of intensive care unit stay were significantly associated (p<0,001) with the risk of all-cause death (hazard ratio (HR)=1,085 per 1 year of life and HR=6,98, respectively), with the risk of composite endpoint (death, non-fatal MI and stroke): HR=1,081 per 1 year of life and HP=4,47. Of the 35 deaths, 11 (31%) were within the first 30 days of follow-up, and 19 (54%) — 90 days after discharge from the hospital. A higher probability of hospitalization was associated with older age (odds ratio (OR)=1,038; p<0,001), while a higher probability of acute respiratory viral infections/influenza was associated with younger age (OR=0,976 per 1 year of life; p<0,001) and female sex (OR=1,414; p=0,03).Conclusion. A prospective follow-up of 827 patients in the TARGET-VIP registry revealed that 12-month mortality was 4,2%, while more than half of the deaths (54%) were registered in the first 90 days, including 31% — for the first month after discharge from the hospital. The most common events were hospitalizations (17,0%) and acute respiratory viral infections/influenza (26,2%), while the rarest were myocardial infarction (0,73%) and stroke (0,48%). The key factors associated with 12-month mortality in the post-COVID-19 period were older age and intensive care unit stay during the reference hospitalization. A higher readmission rate during the follow-up period was associated with older age, and the prevalence of acute respiratory viral infections /influenza during the follow-up period was associated with younger patients and female sex.
Ионообменное получение пирофосфорной кислоты при повышенных температурах
Authors: Гавлина Ольга Тихоновна , Иванов Владимир Александрович 
Published: April 2022

Одним из важных направлений неорганического материаловедения является разработка материалов для изготовления костных имплантатов на основе резорбируемых неорганических фосфатных материалов для регенеративного лечения дефектов костных тканей. Резорбируемость означает, что неорганический материал костного имплантата постепенно перерабатывается организмом, являясь источником ионов в процессе регенерации новой костной ткани. В качестве таких материалов используют трикальциевый фосфат β-Ca3(PO4)2; пирофосфат кальция Ca2P2O7; метафосфат кальция Ca(PO3)2; кальций – натриевый ренанит CaNaPO4 и другие. Они обладают большей резорбируемостью по сравнению с гидроксиапатитом Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, который является основной минеральной составляющей костной ткани.
При синтезе определенных резорбируемых неорганических фосфатных материалов для регенеративного лечения дефектов костных тканей значительные преимущества дает использование чистых полифосфорных кислот, которые в свою очередь получают из полифосфатов натрия, например, из пирофосфата натрия.
В настоящей работе изучен процесс получения пирофосфорной кислоты из пирофосфата натрия катионным обменом на сильнокислотном катионообменнике полистирольного типа при повышенных температурах. Концентрация полифосфорной кислоты, получаемой ионообменным методом, ограничена уровнем растворимости исходного полифосфата натрия. Однако для пирофосфата натрия характерно очень значительное повышение растворимости с температурой. Проведенное экспериментальное исследование подтвердило возможность получения пирофосфорной кислоты значительно более высоких концентраций при проведении ионообменного синтеза на сульфокислотном катионите при повышенных температурах. Процесс ионообменного синтеза проводился в колонне с системой термостатирования самой колонны и емкости, содержащий исходный питающий раствор пирофосфата натрия. Фронты обмена ионов водорода на ионы натрия очень резкие при всех температурах, что обеспечивало получение больших объемов чистой пирофосфорной кислоты без примеси ионов натрия.