bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of epitheliocystis in freshwater Atlantic salmon reared in flow‐through and recirculation aquaculture systems
Authors: Quezada‐Rodriguez Petra R. , Taylor Richard S. , Downes Jamie , Egan Fintan , White Samantha , Brenan Aisling , Rigby Megan , Nowak Barbara F. , Ruane Neil M. , Wynne James W. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEpitheliocystis, an intracellular bacterial infection in the gills and skin epithelium, has been frequently reported in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) during freshwater production in a number of countries. This study describes the prevalence and intensity of a natural epitheliocystis infection present in the gills of two strains of Atlantic salmon reared in either a flow‐through (FT) or a recirculation aquaculture system (RAS) in Ireland. Repeated sampling of gills prior to and throughout seawater transfer, histology and quantitative real‐time PCR were used to determine infection prevalence and intensity. Despite no clinical gill disease, and minor histopathological changes, epitheliocystis lesions were identified in histology at all time points. Specific PCR confirmed the presence of Candidatus Clavichlamydia salmonicola in both strains and its number of copies was correlated with intensity of epitheliocystis lesions. A significant interaction between hatchery system and fish strain on the prevalence and intensity of gill epitheliocystis was found both using histological and molecular methods. Specifically, fish from FT had higher prevalence and intensity than RAS reared fish and within FT, the Irish cohort were more affected than Icelandic.
LncRNA LINC00649 aggravates the progression of cervical cancer through sponging miR‐216a‐3p
Authors: Si Congying , Yang Lanlan , Cai Xu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimIncreasing studies have revealed the participation of lncRNAs in the occurrence and development of cervical cancer. This study explored the influence of lncRNA LINC00649 in cervical cancer.MethodsExpression of LINC00649 and miR‐216a‐3p in cervical cancer was detected by reverse transcription quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR). The Kaplan–Meier curve and Cox regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the clinical value of LINC00649 in cervical cancer. The roles of LINC00649 in cervical cancer cells were detected by transfecting siRNA through cellular function assays.ResultsLINC00649 expression was increased in cervical cancer tissues, especially in squamous histology, positive lymph node metastasis, and high‐FIGO stage tissues. The higher expression of LINC00649 predicted a shorter survival rate for patients. LINC00649 could bind directly with miR‐216a‐3p. Silence of LINC00649 could enhance the expression of miR‐216a‐3p and suppress the cervical cancer cell proliferation abilities, migration capacities, and invasion power. Whereas, transfection of miR‐216a‐3p inhibitor partially reverses the above cellular activities changes in cervical cancer cells.ConclusionsThe LINC00649 expression may act as a prognostic predictor and may aggravate cervical cancer progression by targeting miR‐216a‐3p, providing potential therapeutic targets for patients with cervical cancer.
Evaluation of white matter microstructure in pediatric onset multiple sclerosis with diffusion compartment imaging
Authors: Machado‐Rivas Fedel , Jaimes Camilo , Scherrer Benoit , Benson Leslie A. , Gorman Mark P. , Warfield Simon K. , Afacan Onur 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground and PurposePediatric‐onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) shows earlier axonal involvement and greater axonal loss than in adults. We aim to characterize the white matter (WM) microstructural changes in POMS using a diffusion compartment imaging (DCI) model and compare it to standard diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).MethodsEleven patients (2 males, mean age 18.8 ± 3.9 years) with a diagnosis of relapsing and remitting POMS (mean age at disease onset 13.8 ± 2.9 years, mean duration 5.1 ± 1.9 years) and healthy controls (8 males, mean age 26.4 ± 6.5 years) were recruited and imaged at 3 T. A 90‐gradient set Cube and Sphere acquisition and a novel DCI model known as DIstribution of Anisotropic MicrOstructural eNvironments with Diffusion‐weighted imaging (DIAMOND) were used to calculate a single anisotropic compartment, an isotropic compartment, and a free diffusion compartment. Lesions and contralateral normal‐appearing white matter (NAWM) in patients and whole brain WM for controls were labeled.ResultsEleven patients and 11 controls were recruited. When comparing lesions and contralateral NAWM in patients using DCI, compartmental axial diffusivity, radial diffusivity (cRD), and mean diffusivity (cMD) were higher in lesions. Conversely, compartmental fractional anisotropy (cFA) and heterogeneity index were lower in lesions. An analysis of DTI equivalents showed the same trends. In whole‐brain NAWM of patients compared to controls, cRD and cMD were higher and cFA was lower in patients.ConclusionLesions in POMS can be accurately characterized by a DCI model. Incipient changes in NAWM seen in DCI may not be readily observable by DTI.
The accuracy comparison of 3D‐printed post and core using castable resin and castable wax resin
Authors: Piangsuk Tarin , Henprasert Pantip , Boonsiriphant Piriya , Lindquist Terry J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this research was to compare the accuracy of three‐dimensionally (3D) printed post and core fabricated with two different materials: reinforced wax and castable resin.Materials and methodsFifteen extracted single root central incisors were selected. Root canal treatment and tooth preparation for crown were performed on all teeth. Eleven millimeters post space was created with standardized prefabricated fiber post drill. Polyvinylsiloxane impression material was used for root canal impressions. Each impression was then 3D scanned using an extraoral scanner and cast posts and cores were designed using 3Shape software. The digitally designed post and cores were 3D printed with two different materials: castable wax resin and castable resin. The castable resin patterns were scanned before and after complete polymerization. The wax patterns were also scanned. Digital volumetric measurement using Geomagic® Control X™ software was performed to determine accuracy.ResultsThe printed post and core had reduced volume (16.09 ± 3.839 mm3) compared to the digital design (17.828 ± 3.904, p < 0.05). Before complete polymerization, the accuracy of 3D printed resin pattern (16.464 ± 3.017) was found to be superior to post and core printed with wax (16.193 ± 3.018, p < 0.05). However, no volume difference was found between completely polymerized resin (16.09 ± 3.839) and wax (16.044 ± 3.834, p = 1).Conclusion3D printed post and core showed significant volume shrinkage from the digital files used to create them. However, different materials had no effect on the accuracy of 3D printed post and core.
Epilepsy in children exposed to family and domestic violence in the first 5 years of life
Authors: Orr Carol , Fisher Collen , O'Donnell Melissa , Glauert Rebecca , Preen David B 
Published: August 2022

AimTo investigate childhood (0–18 years) hospitalisation and emergency department (ED) contacts for epilepsy in Western Australian (WA) children exposed to family and domestic violence (FDV) pre 5 years of age compared to children with no FDV exposure.MethodsA retrospective, population‐based cohort study included children born 1987–2010 who were identified as being exposed to FDV (n = 7018) from two sources: WA Police Information Management System and WA Hospital Morbidity Data Collection (HMDC) and a non‐exposed comparison group (n = 41 996). Epilepsy contact was identified in HMDC and ED Data Collection records. Cox regression was used to estimate the adjusted and unadjusted hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI) for epilepsy contact; adjustment was made for a range of demographic characteristics known to impact health outcomes. Analyses were stratified by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander status to account for higher rates of FDV and epilepsy hospital admissions in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children.ResultsChildren exposed to FDV had a 62% (HR 1.62, 95% CI: 1.33–1.98) increased risk of epilepsy contact than non‐exposed counterparts. Furthermore, the children exposed to FDV had a 50% longer average hospital stay for epilepsy than non‐exposed children (4.7 days vs. 3 days, P = 0.006). When stratified by Aboriginal status, we found that Aboriginal children exposed to FDV stayed (on average) 2 days longer in hospital for epilepsy than their non‐exposed counterparts (5.1 days vs. 3.1 days, P = 0.018).ConclusionsFDV exposure in early childhood is associated with increased risk of requiring secondary health care and longer hospital stays for childhood epilepsy.
Melatonin improves cardiac remodeling and brain–heart sympathetic hyperactivation aggravated by light disruption after myocardial infarction
Authors: Jiao Liying , Wang Yuhong , Zhang Song , Wang Yueyi , Liu Zhihao , Liu Zihan , Zhou Yuyang , Zhou Huixin , Xu Xiao , Li Zeyan , Liu Zhihao , Yu Zhongyang , Nie Liqing , Zhou Liping , Jiang Hong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLight in the external environment might affect cardiovascular function. The light disruption seems to be related to changes in cardiovascular physiological functions, and disturbing light may be a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Prior studies have found that light disruption after myocardial infarction (MI) exacerbates cardiac remodeling, and the brain‐heart sympathetic nervous system may be one of the key mechanisms. However, how to improve light‐disrupted cardiac remodeling remains unclear. Melatonin is an indoleamine secreted by the pineal gland and controlled by endogenous circadian oscillators within the suprachiasmatic nucleus, which is closely associated with light/dark cycle. This study aimed to explore whether melatonin could improve light‐disrupted cardiac remodeling and modulate the brain‐heart sympathetic nervous system. Our study revealed that light disruption reduced serum melatonin levels, aggravated cardiac sympathetic remodeling, caused overactivation of the brain‐heart sympathetic nervous system, exacerbated cardiac dysfunction, and increased cardiac fibrosis after MI, while melatonin treatment improved light disruption‐exacerbated cardiac remodeling and brain‐heart sympathetic hyperactivation after MI. Furthermore, RNA‐Seq results revealed the significant changes at the cardiac transcription level. In conclusion, melatonin may be a potential therapy for light‐disrupted cardiac remodeling.
Genomic analyses reveal natural selection on reproduction related genes between two closely related Populus (Salicaceae) species
Authors: Tian Yang , Liu Shu‐Yu , Ingvarsson Pär K. , Zhao Dan‐Dan , Wang Li , Abuduhamiti Baoerjiang , Cai Jin‐Feng , Wu Zhi‐Qiang , Zhang Jian‐Guo , Wang Zhao‐Shan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIdentifying the factors that cause reproductive isolation and their relative importance in species divergence is crucial to our understanding of speciation processes. In most species, natural selection is commonly considered to play a large role in driving speciation. Based on whole genome re‐sequencing data from 27 Populus alba and 28 Populus adenopoda individuals, we explored the factors related to reproductive isolation of these two closely related species. The results showed that the two species diverged ~5–10 million years ago (Ma), when the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau reached a certain height and the inland climate of the Asian continent became arid. In highly differentiated genomic regions, the relative divergence (FST) and absolute divergence (dxy) were significantly higher than the genomic background, θπ and shared polymorphisms decreased whereas fixed differences increased, which indicated that natural selection played a key role in the reproductive isolation of the two species. In addition, we found several genes that were related to reproduction that may be involved in explaining the reproductive isolation. Using phylogenetic trees resolved from haplotype data of Populus tomentosa and P. adenopoda, the maternal origin of P. tomentosa from P. adenopoda was likely to be located in Hubei and Chongqing Provinces.
Incidence of post‐transplant hepatitis B virus reactivation with the use of kidneys from donors with resolved hepatitis B virus infection
Authors: Yamada Ren , Morikawa Kenichi , Hotta Kiyohiko , Iwami Daiki , Tanabe Tatsu , Murai Sachiyo , Shinohara Nobuo , Yoshida Sonoe , Hosoda Shunichi , Kubo Akinori , Tokuchi Yoshimasa , Kitagataya Takashi , Kimura Megumi , Yamamoto Koji , Nakai Masato , Sho Takuya , Suda Goki , Natsuizaka Mitsuteru , Ogawa Koji , Sakamoto Naoya 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDonors with resolved hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection may be a solution for the organ shortage for kidney transplantation (KT). The purpose of this study was to clarify the current state of HBV markers after KT from donors with resolved HBV infection to HBV naïve recipients and the rate of HBV reactivation in recipients with resolved HBV infection. Furthermore, we investigated HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) in transplanted organs from donors with resolved HBV infection and the capability of HBV replication in kidney cell lines. We retrospectively analysed the HBV status of 340 consecutive donors and recipients who underwent KT in a single centre. We prospectively measured cccDNA by real‐time polymerase chain reaction in kidney biopsy specimens of 32 donors with resolved HBV infection. HBV reactivation was found in three recipients with resolved HBV infection (4.8%, 3/63) after KT. We analysed 45 cases of transplantation from donors with resolved HBV infection to HBV‐naive recipients. One case (2.2%, 1/45) became seropositive for hepatitis B core antibody (anti‐HBc) and in another case (2.2%, 1/45), HBV‐DNA was detected qualitatively in an HBV naive recipient with a donor with resolved HBV infection. In the latter case, cccDNA was measured in the donor kidney during KT. HBV replication was observed in kidney cell lines with HBV plasmid transfection. In conclusion, the risk of reactivation in anti‐HBc‐positive donors is relatively low. However, post‐transplant HBV monitoring should be conducted in all at‐risk cases.
Severe impairment of patient‐reported outcomes in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection seen in real‐world practices across the world: Data from the global liver registry
Authors: Younossi Zobair M. , Yu Ming‐Lung , El‐Kassas Mohamed , Esmat Gamal , Castellanos Fernández Marlen I. , Buti Maria , Papatheodoridis Georgios , Yilmaz Yusuf , Isakov Vasily , Duseja Ajay , Méndez‐Sánchez Nahum , Hamid Saeed , Gordon Stuart C. , Romero‐Gómez Manuel , Chan Wah‐Kheong , Ong Janus P. , Younossi Issah , Lam Brain , Ziayee Mariam , Nader Fatema , Racila Andrei , Henry Linda , Stepanova Maria ,   the Global NASH Council™
Published: August 2022

AbstractCure of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) can lead to improvement of health‐related quality of life and other patient‐reported outcomes (PROs). While extensive PRO data for CHC patients who were enrolled in clinical trials are available, similar data for patients seen in real‐world practices are scarce. Our aim was to assess PROs of CHC patients enrolled from real‐world practices from different regions and to compare them with those enrolled in clinical trials. CHC patients seen in clinical practices and not receiving treatment were enrolled in the Global Liver Registry (GLR). Clinical and PRO (FACIT‐F, CLDQ‐HCV, WPAI) data were collected and compared with the baseline data from CHC patients enrolled in clinical trials. N = 12,171 CHC patients were included (GLR n = 3146, clinical trial subjects n = 9025). Patients were from 30 countries from 6 out of 7 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) super‐regions. Compared with clinical trial enrollees, patients from GLR were less commonly enrolled from High‐Income GBD super‐region, older, more commonly female, less employed, had more type 2 diabetes, anxiety and clinically overt fatigue but less cirrhosis (all p < 0.001). Out of 15 PRO domain and summary scores, 12 were lower in GLR patients than in subjects enrolled in clinical trials (p < 0.001). In multiple regression models, anxiety, depression, and fatigue were associated with significant PRO impairment in CHC patients (p < 0.05). After adjustment for the clinico‐demographic confounders, the association of PRO scores of CHC patients with enrolment settings was no longer significant (all p > 0.05). In conclusion, hepatitis C patients seen in the real‐world practices have PRO impairment driven by fatigue and psychiatric comorbidities.
Deciphering the noisy landscape: Architectural conceptual design space interpretation using disentangled representation learning
Authors: Chen Jielin , Stouffs Rudi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTime and resource restrictions limit the architect's design scope. Computational design methods can offer support to overcome these limitations. Design exploration has been a long‐established task in computational‐aided generative design. However, conventional objective‐ and performance‐based systems have restrictions pertaining to the exploration scope. Without a quasi‐global cognition of the conceptual design space, the exploration scope is bound to be limited. This paper is a proposal for an epistemic shift toward the interpretation of conceptual design space per se. This topic receives limited attention in the current literature due to the scarcity of interpretation tools. Using a customized large‐scale architectural image database with high‐level visual diversity and latent data space coverage, this paper serves as a first attempt to investigate the possibilities of leveraging disentangled representation learning to structurally interpret architectural conceptual design space in both supervised and unsupervised manner. Various schemes of supervised disentanglement are tested, with analytical comparisons indicating discrepant structural traits of different latent spaces. The unsupervised interpretation scheme shows the preliminary capability of automatic feature disentanglement. Our long‐term objective is to offer designers a broader spectrum of creative design through innovative design systems.
Temperature‐sensitive male sterility in rice determined by the roles of AGO1d in reproductive phasiRNA biogenesis and function
Authors: Shi Chuanlin , Zhang Jie , Wu Bingjin , Jouni Rachel , Yu Changxiu , Meyers Blake C. , Liang Wanqi , Fei Qili 
Published: August 2022

Summary

Phased secondary siRNAs (phasiRNAs) are broadly present in the reproductive tissues of flowering plants, with spatial–temporal specificity. However, the ARGONAUTE (AGO) proteins associated with phasiRNAs and their miRNA triggers remain elusive.

Here, through histological and high‐throughput sequencing analyses, we show that rice AGO1d, which is specifically expressed in anther wall cells before and during meiosis, associates with both miR2118 and miR2275 to mediate phasiRNA biogenesis.

AGO1d preferentially binds to miR2118‐triggered 21‐nucleotide (nt) phasiRNAs with a 5′‐terminal uridine, suggesting a dual role in phasiRNA biogenesis and function. Depletion of AGO1d causes a reduction of 21‐ and 24‐nt phasiRNAs and temperature‐sensitive male sterility. At lower temperatures, anthers of the ago1d mutant predominantly show excessive tapetal cells with little starch accumulation during pollen formation, possibly caused by the dysregulation of cell metabolism.

These results uncover an essential role of AGO1d in rice anther development at lower temperatures and demonstrate coordinative roles of AGO proteins during reproductive phasiRNA biogenesis and function.
Multispecies biofilm behavior and host interaction support the association of Tannerella serpentiformis with periodontal health
Authors: Kendlbacher Fabian L. , Bloch Susanne , Hager‐Mair Fiona F. , Bacher Johanna , Janesch Bettina , Thurnheer Thomas , Andrukhov Oleh , Schäffer Christina 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe recently identified bacterium Tannerella serpentiformis is the closest phylogenetic relative of Tannerella forsythia, whose presence in oral biofilms is associated with periodontitis. Conversely, T. serpentiformis is considered health‐associated. This discrepancy was investigated in a comparative study of the two Tannerella species. The biofilm behavior was analyzed upon their addition and of Porphyromonas gingivalis—each bacterium separately or in combinations—to an in vitro five‐species oral model biofilm. Biofilm composition and architecture was analyzed quantitatively using real‐time PCR and qualitatively by fluorescence in situ hybridization/confocal laser scanning microscopy, and by scanning electron microscopy. The presence of T. serpentiformis led to a decrease of the total cell number of biofilm bacteria, while P. gingivalis was growth‐promoting. This effect was mitigated by T. serpentiformis when added to the biofilm together with P. gingivalis. Notably, T. serpentiformis outcompeted T. forsythia numbers when the two species were simultaneously added to the biofilm compared to biofilms containing T. forsythia alone. Tannerella serpentiformis appeared evenly distributed throughout the multispecies biofilm, while T. forsythia was surface‐located. Adhesion and invasion assays revealed that T. serpentiformis was significantly less effective in invading human gingival epithelial cells than T. forsythia. Furthermore, compared to T. forsythia, a higher immunostimulatory potential of human gingival fibroblasts and macrophages was revealed for T. serpentiformis, based on mRNA expression levels of the inflammatory mediators interleukin 6 (IL‐6), IL‐8, monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 and tumor necrosis factor α, and production of the corresponding proteins. Collectively, these data support the potential of T. serpentiformis to interfere with biological processes relevant to the establishment of periodontitis.