bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artificial nanomotors: Fabrication, locomotion characterization, motion manipulation, and biomedical applications
Authors: Wang Liangmeng , Hao Xiaomeng , Gao Zhixue , Yang Zili , Long Yi , Luo Ming , Guan Jianguo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractArtificial nanomotors are nanoscale machines capable of converting surrounding other energy into mechanical motion and thus entering the tissues and cells of organisms. They hold great potential to revolutionize the diagnosis and treatment of diseases by actively targeting the lesion location, though there are many new challenges that arise with decreasing the size to nanoscale. This review summarizes and comments on the state‐of‐the‐art artificial nanomotors with advantages and limitations. It starts with the fabrication methods, including common physical vapor deposition and colloidal chemistry methods, followed by the locomotion characterization and motion manipulation. Then, the in vitro and in vivo biomedical applications are introduced in detail. The challenges and future prospects are discussed at the end.
Utilizing the spatial frequency domain imaging to investigate change in optical parameters of skin exposed to thermal‐hydrotherapy: Ex‐vivo study
Authors: Abdelazeem Rania M. , Hamdy Omnia 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHydrotherapy is a traditional clinical practice that has been widely used for pain relief. However, immersion in hot water influences skin's moisture and morphology. In this study, we investigate the physiological changes of ex‐vivo chicken skin immersed in hot water (at 40 and 50°C) via monitoring the change in its absorption and scattering properties using the spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) technique. The procedure started by calculating the modulation transfer function of the proposed imaging system over a range of spatial frequencies using a high‐resolution test target. Thereafter, structured illumination patterns at different spatial frequencies were projected onto the examined samples via a reflective phase‐only spatial light modulator using transmission and reflection modes. The transmission and reflection images were recorded using a digital camera to reconstruct the optical absorption and scattering parameters. Such parameters were calculated using Kubelka–Munk and lookup table methods. For system validation, the optical properties of two kinds of milk (skimmed and full cream), as reference samples, were reconstructed using the proposed SFDI system in the reflection mode via lookup table method. The results revealed an increase in the scattering coefficient of the skin samples immersed in higher water temperature, while the absorption coefficient values were nearly the same. Furthermore, the obtained results were validated using Monte‐Carlo method showing absolute errors that range from 0.004 to 0.057. In conclusion, the proposed system was presented to investigate the changes in ex‐vivo skin properties under thermal‐hydrotherapy in the context of measured changes in optical parameters.
The emerging roles of the interaction between m6A modification and c‐Myc in driving tumorigenesis and development
Authors: Zheng Lemei , Li Mengna , Wei Jianxia , Chen Shipeng , Xue Changning , Zhan Yuting , Duan Yumei , Deng Hongyu , Xiong Wei , Li Guiyuan , Zhou Ming 
Published: April 2022

AbstractN6‐methyladenosine (m6A) is an extremely common and conservative posttranscriptional modification, that can specifically target and regulate the expression or stability of a series of tumor‐related genes, thus playing critical roles in the occurrence and development of tumors. c‐Myc is an important tumorigenic transcription factor that promotes tumorigenesis and development by mainly regulating the expression of downstream target genes. Increasing evidence shows that m6A modification, as well as abnormal expression and regulation of c‐Myc, is critical molecular mechanisms driving tumorigenesis and development. Although more evidence has been uncovered about the individual roles of m6A modification or c‐Myc in tumors, the interaction between m6A modification and c‐Myc in tumorigenesis and development has not been systematically summarized. Therefore, this review is focused on the mutual regulation between m6A modification and c‐Myc expression and stability as well as its roles in tumorigenesis and development. We also summarized the potential value of the interaction between m6A modification and m6A expression and stability in tumor diagnosis and treatment, which provides a specific reference for revealing the mechanism of tumor occurrence and development as well as clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Calcium carbonate precipitation by cave bacteria isolated from Kashmir Cave, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Jan Saeed Ullah , Zada Sahib , Rafiq Muhammad , Khan Imran , Sajjad Wasim , Khan Muhammad Anwar , Hasan Fariha 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe participation of numerous physicochemical and biological functions maintains the evolution and expansion of the remarkable nature. Due to its vast applicability in several engineering disciplines, naturally occurring bio‐mineralization or microbially induced calcium carbonate (MICP) precipitation is attracting more interest. Cave bacteria contribute to the precipitation of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). In the present study, soil sediments were collected from Kashmir cave, KPK, Pakistan, and plated on B4 specific nutrients limited medium for bacterial isolation and the viable bacterial count was calculated. Three bacterial strains named GSN‐11, TFSN‐14, and TFSN‐15 were capable of precipitating CaCO3. These bacterial isolates were identified through 16S rRNA gene sequencing and strain GSN‐11 was identified as Bacillus toyonensis, TFSN‐14 as Paracoccus limosus and TFSN‐15 as Brevundimonas diminuta. Enhanced CaCO3 precipitation potential of these bacteria strains was observed at 25°C and pH 5. The precipitated CaCO3 was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray powder diffraction, and Fourier transform infra‐red spectroscopy. The findings showed that the precipitates were dominated by calcite, aragonite, and nanosize vaterite. Current research suggests that precipitation of CaCO3 by proteolytic cave bacteria is widespread in Kashmir cave and these bacterial communities can actively contribute to the formation of CaCO3 by enhancing the pH of the microenvironment.Research Highlights
Kashmir cave inhabit potentially active bacteria in terms of biogeochemical processes.
Cave bacteria significantly precipitated CaCO3.
Calcite, aragonite, and nanosize vaterite were dominant in precipitates.
Fate and seasonality of antimicrobial resistance genes during full‐scale anaerobic digestion of cattle manure across seven livestock production facilities
Authors: Burch Tucker R. , Firnstahl Aaron D. , Spencer Susan K. , Larson Rebecca A. , Borchardt Mark A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAnaerobic digestion has been suggested as an intervention to attenuate antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in livestock manure but supporting data have typically been collected at laboratory scale. Few studies have quantified ARG fate during full‐scale digestion of livestock manure. We sampled untreated manure and digestate from seven full‐scale mesophilic dairy manure digesters to assess ARG fate through each system. Samples were collected biweekly from December through August (i.e., winter, spring, and summer; n = 235 total) and analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction for intI1, erm(B), sul1, tet(A), and tet(W). Concentrations of intI1, sul1, and tet(A) decreased during anaerobic digestion, but their removal was less extensive than expected based on previous laboratory studies. Removal for intI1 during anaerobic digestion equaled 0.28 ± 0.03 log10 units (mean ± SE), equivalent to only 48% removal and notable given intI1’s role in horizontal gene transfer and multiple resistance. Furthermore, tet(W) concentrations were unchanged during anaerobic digestion (p > 0.05), and erm(B) concentrations increased by 0.52 ± 0.03 log10 units (3.3‐fold), which is important given erythromycin's status as a critically important antibiotic for human medicine. Seasonal log10 changes in intI1, sul1, and tet(A) concentrations were ≥50% of corresponding log10 removals by anaerobic digestion, and variation in ARG and intI1 concentrations among digesters was quantitatively comparable to anaerobic digestion effects. These results suggest that mesophilic anaerobic digestion may be limited as an intervention for ARGs in livestock manure and emphasize the need for multiple farm‐level interventions to attenuate antibiotic resistance.
Accessory liver lobe in the right thoracic cavity
Authors: Ihara Kousuke , Isono Hiroki 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA healthy 42‐year‐old man presented to the hospital because of chest radiography performed during a medical checkup revealed a tumor. Contrast‐enhanced computed tomography showed a tumor of 5 cm diameter just above the right diaphragm with blood flow from the portal vein. The patient was diagnosed with accessory liver lobe (ALL). No finding suggested malignancy, and he is being followed up. ALLs are usually found in the abdominal cavity, but they can also be found in the thoracic cavity. Although ALL is rare, it should be considered in patients presenting with intrathoracic tumors.
JPNclinical practice guidelines 2021 with easy‐to‐understand explanations for the management of acute pancreatitis
Authors: Takada Tadahiro , Isaji Shuji , Mayumi Toshihiko , Yoshida Masahiro , Takeyama Yoshifumi , Itoi Takao , Sano Keiji , Iizawa Yusuke , Masamune Atsushi , Hirota Morihisa , Okamoto Kohji , Inoue Dai , Kitamura Nobuya , Mori Yasuhisa , Mukai Shuntaro , Kiriyama Seiki , Shirai Kunihiro , Tsuchiya Asuka , Higuchi Ryota , Hirashita Teijiro 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn preparing the Japanese (JPN) guidelines for the management of acute pancreatitis 2021, the committee focused the issues raised by the results of nationwide epidemiological survey in 2016 in Japan.MethodIn addition to a systematic search using the previous JPN guidelines, papers published from January 2014 to September 2019 were searched for the contents to be covered by the guidelines based on the concept of GRADE system.ResultsThirty‐six clinical questions (CQ) were prepared in 15 subject areas. Based on the facts that patients diagnosed with severe disease by both Japanese prognostic factor score and contrast‐enhanced computed tomography (CT) grade had a high fatality rate and that little prognosis improvement after 2 weeks of disease onset was not obtained, we emphasized the importance of Pancreatitis Bundles, which were shown to be effective in improving prognosis, and the CQ sections for local pancreatic complications had been expanded to ensure adoption of a step‐up approach. Furthermore, on the facts that enteral nutrition for severe acute pancreatitis was not started early within 48 h of admission and that unnecessary prophylactic antibiotics was used in almost all cases, we emphasized early enteral nutrition in small amounts even if gastric feeding is used and no prophylactic antibiotics are administered in mild pancreatitis.ConclusionAll the members of the committee have put a lot of effort into preparing the extensively revised guidelines in the hope that more people will have a common understanding and that better medical care will be spread.
Laughing with me or laughing at me? The differential effects of leader humor expressions on follower status and influence at work
Authors: Carnevale Joel B. , Huang Lei , Yam Kai Chi , Wang Lin 
Published: April 2022

SummaryAlthough research suggests that leader humor shapes followers' perceptions of their leaders' status, questions remain as to whether and how leader humor can shape followers' own acquisition of status at work. Drawing from the approach‐avoidance framework, we provide an important extension to the leader humor literature by developing a serial mediation model that explains how and why two styles of leader humor—aggressive humor and affiliative humor—differentially impact followers' ability to garner and wield social influence in the work environment. We theorize that leader aggressive humor, which constitutes unconstrained execution of power that is invasive and hostile in nature, produces a status‐suppressing effect by activating followers' avoidance system, whereas leader affiliative humor, which constitutes relational connection with restrained superiority, produces a status‐enabling effect by activating followers' approach system. We further propose that leader aggressive (affiliative) humor has a negative (positive) indirect effect on followers' constructive voice and work engagement via their avoidance (approach) orientation and workplace status. We find consistent support for our hypothesized predictions across two survey studies. We discuss theoretical and practical implications of this study.
Theoretical analysis toward better description of the wavenumber shifts of the OH stretch of hydrogen‐bonded water
Authors: Kitamura Yukichi , Torii Hajime 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRelating vibrational properties to intermolecular configurations is generally important for correct analysis and interpretation of infrared and Raman spectra of condensed‐phase systems. Here, a theoretical analysis in this direction is conducted through calculations on (water)90 clusters for better description of the OH stretch of hydrogen‐bonded water. It is shown that, while the electric field descriptor related to the vibrating OH bond primarily describes the wavenumber shift arising from hydrogen‐bond formation, the secondary descriptors related to the other OH bond in the same water molecule noticeably improve the performance of theoretical modeling. It is also shown that, for the electric field descriptor, the electric charge configuration is an important factor for good performance. Explicit forms of those descriptors are presented that may be applicable to spectral simulations through combination with classical molecular dynamics. The mechanism behind the secondary descriptors is also discussed.
Influence of fish skin gelatin–sodium alginate complex stabilized emulsion on benzyl isothiocyanate stability and digestibilityin vitroandin vivo
Authors: Zhang Xiangyu , Liu Zhiyu , Wang Ailin , Zhang Simin , Nakamura Yoshimasa , Lin Songyi , Tang Yue 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDAn emulsion delivery system for benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) was prepared using fish skin gelatin (FSG) and sodium alginate (Alg). The effects of the FSG–Alg complex on the emulsion stability and BITC release pattern from the emulsion were investigatedin vitroandin vivo.RESULTSThe storage stability and embedding rate of the 10 g kg−1FSG and 2.5 g kg−1Alg (FSG–Alg) emulsion were the highest among all samples. The FSG–Alg complex provided BITC a better protection duringin vitrodigestion. The microstructure of the FSG–Alg emulsions was more stable duringin vitrodigestion, and the bioaccessibility and retention rate of BITC were much higher compared to those of the FSG emulsion. The results of theex vivoeverted gut sac of rat intestine study showed that the FSG–Alg emulsion significantly increased the BITC absorption rate in the duodenum.CONCLUSIONThe FSG–Alg emulsion delivery system is a highly stable system for the delivery of BITC that improves the bioaccessibility of BITC and promotes its absorption in the duodenum. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on alloplastic breast reconstruction: An analysis of national outcomes
Authors: Chiang Sarah N. , Finnan Michael J. , Skolnick Gary B. , Sacks Justin M. , Christensen Joani M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundImmediate alloplastic breast reconstruction shifted to the outpatient setting during the COVID‐19 pandemic to conserve inpatient hospital beds while providing timely oncologic care. We examine the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database for trends in and safety of outpatient breast reconstruction during the pandemic.MethodsNSQIP data were filtered for immediate alloplastic breast reconstructions between April and December of 2019 (before‐COVID) and 2020 (during‐COVID); the proportion of outpatient procedures was compared. Thirty‐day complications were compared for noninferiority between propensity‐matched outpatients and inpatients utilizing a 1% risk difference margin.ResultsDuring COVID, immediate alloplastic breast reconstruction cases decreased (4083 vs. 4677) and were more frequently outpatient (31% vs. 10%, p < 0.001). Outpatients had lower rates of smoking (6.8% vs. 8.4%, p = 0.03) and obesity (26% vs. 33%, p < 0.001). Surgical complication rates of outpatient procedures were noninferior to propensity‐matched inpatients (5.0% vs. 5.5%, p = 0.03 noninferiority). Reoperation rates were lower in propensity‐matched outpatients (5.2% vs. 8.0%, p = 0.003).ConclusionImmediate alloplastic breast reconstruction shifted towards outpatient procedures during the COVID‐19 pandemic with noninferior complication rates. Therefore, a paradigm shift towards outpatient reconstruction for certain patients may be safe. However, decreased reoperations in outpatients may represent undiagnosed complications and warrant further investigation.
Recent Progress in Micro‐LED‐Based Display Technologies
Authors: Anwar Abdur Rehman , Sajjad Muhammad T. , Johar Muhammad Ali , Hernández‐Gutiérrez Carlos A. , Usman Muhammad , Łepkowski S. P. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe demand for high‐performance displays is continuously increasing because of their wide range of applications in smart devices (smartphones/watches), augmented reality, virtual reality, and naked eye 3D projection. High‐resolution, transparent, and flexible displays are the main types of display to be used in future. In the above scenario, the micro‐LEDs (light‐emitting diodes) display which has outstanding features, such as low power consumption, wider color gamut, longer lifetime, and short response‐time, can replace traditional liquid crystal displays and organic LEDs‐based display technologies. However, to attain a remarkable position in future display technology, the micro‐LEDs need to overcome problems associated with mass transfer and its high cost of manufacturing. Besides micro‐LEDs, the other option for future displays includes the usage of color conversion medium (phosphor/ quantum dots) to convert some of the blue light into other colors. In this review, the various mass transfer display technologies and color conversion strategies which are being used for the realization of a full‐color display are discussed.
Template Assembled Large‐Size CsPbBr3 Nanocomposite Films toward Flexible, Stable, and High‐Performance X‐Ray Scintillators
Authors: Wang Baiqian , Peng Jiali , Yang Xin , Cai Wensi , Xiao Hongbin , Zhao Shuangyi , Lin Qianqian , Zang Zhigang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMetal halide perovskite‐based high‐performance X‐ray scintillator is considered as one of the most favorable candidates applied in the fields of medicine, industry, and science. However, the current X‐ray scilltillators based on perovskites still suffer from the issue of poor stability, which impedes their further wide applications. Herein, a template assembled method to prepare large‐size, flexible, and stable CsPbBr3@Polymethyl methacrylate composite films in ambient conditions is developed and their detection performance is studied. The composite films can maintain 94% and 81% of the initial PL intensity after 2000 cycles bending and storing in water over 2520 h, respectively. In addition, the prepared scintillators exhibit not only a low detection limit of 40.1 nGyair s−1 and a high spatial resolution of 8.0 lp mm−1, but also an excellent tolerance against radiation (108 h). Thus, this simple but yet effective method would not doubt pave the way for further development of scintillators and might be well applicable to other metal halides.
Progress in Hydrogels for Skin Wound Repair
Authors: Qi Liangfa , Zhang Chenlu , Wang Bo , Yin Jingbo , Yan Shifeng 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAs the first defensive line between the human body and the outside world, the skin is vulnerable to damage from the external environment. Skin wounds can be divided into acute wounds (mechanical injuries, chemical injuries, and surgical wounds, etc.) and chronic wounds (burns, infections, diabetes, etc.). In order to manage skin wound, a variety of wound dressings have been developed, including gauze, films, foams, nanofibers, hydrocolloids, and hydrogels. Recently, hydrogels have received much attention because of their natural extracellular matrix (ECM)‐mimik structure, tunable mechanical properties, and facile bioactive substance delivery capability. They show great potential application in skin wound repair. This paper first introduces the anatomy and function of the skin, the process of wound healing and conventional wound dressings, and then introduces the composition and construction methods of hydrogels. Next, this paper introduces the necessary properties of hydrogels in skin wound repair and the latest research progress of hydrogel dressings for skin wound repair. Finally, the future development goals of hydrogel materials in the field of wound healing are proposed.
A study on geopolymer composites based on waste from wind turbine blades
Authors: Figiela B. , Korniejenko K. , Łach M. , Azzopardi B. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCircular waste management is the answer to the daily waste of all types. Wind power plants installed in the 1990s are ending their service life of turbine blades, hence the need to properly manage this waste. The aim of the article is to investigate the mechanical properties of mining and industrial waste The article presents the results of research on geopolymers based on coal shale of the Staszic mine and waste from wind turbine blades in three types of compositions: 50/50, 72/25, 25/75. The results of the research show that these materials can be used as fillers for products that do not require high strength values.
DYT‐TUBB4A (DYT4 Dystonia): Clinical Anthology of 11 Cases and Systematized Review
Authors: Bally Julien F. , Kern Drew S. , Fearon Conor , Camargos Sarah , Pereira da Silva‐Junior Francisco , Barbosa Egberto Reis , Ozelius Laurie J. , de Carvalho Aguiar Patricia , Lang Anthony E. 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundDYT‐TUBB4A, formerly known as DYT4, has not been comprehensively described as only one large family and three individual cases have been published. We have recently described an in depth genetic and protein structural analysis of eleven additional cases from four families with four new pathogenic variants. We aim to report on the phenomenology of these cases suffering from DYT‐TUBB4A and to perform a comprehensive review of the clinical presentation and treatment responses of all DYT‐TUBB4A cases reported in the literature.Cases and Literature ReviewThe clinical picture was typically characterized by laryngeal dystonia (more than three quarters of all cases), associated with cervical dystonia, upper limb dystonia and frequent generalization. Extension of the dystonia to the lower limbs, creating the famous “hobby horse” gait, was present in more than 20% of cases (in only one of ours). Globus pallidus pars interna (GPi) deep brain stimulation (DBS), performed in 4 cases, led to a good improvement with greatest benefit in motoric and less benefit in laryngeal symptoms. Medical treatment was generally rather poorly effective, except some benefit from propranolol, tetrabenazine and alcohol intake.ConclusionLaryngeal involvement is a hallmark of DYT‐TUBB4A. Symptomatic treatment with GPi‐DBS led to the greatest benefit in motoric symptoms. Nevertheless, TUBB4A mutations remain an exceedingly rare cause of laryngeal or other isolated dystonia and regular screening of TUBB4A mutations for isolated dystonias has a very low yield.