bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MiR-199a/b-3p inhibits colorectal cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion through targeting PAK4 and BCAR3
Authors: Hou Junjie , Mi Xuguang , Liu Ning , Li Xiaonan , Li Xiao-nan , Yang Ying , Lu Xiaodan , Fang Yanqiu , Jin Ning-Yi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. P21 activated kinase 4 (PAK4) and Breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance 3 (BCAR3) have been reported to be involved in numerous aspects in tumorous progression. In this study, we propose to screen multi-targeted microRNAs. (miRNAs), which simultaneously inhibit neoplastic evolution through suppressing the transcription of target genes.

Methods
MTT and Colony formation assays measured cell’s viability and proliferation. Scratch wound and Transwell assays detected the ability in migration and invasion for SW116 cells. The multi-targeted microRNAs of PAK4 and BCAR3 were predicted using bioinformatics analysis and verified by conducting dual luciferase reporter assay, western blot and qRT-PCR that could detect the expression levels of miR-199a/b-3p.

Results
The knockdown of PAK4 significantly impeded proliferation and colony formation of SW1116 cells when the knockdown of BCAR3 hindered migration and invasion of SW1116 cells. MiR-199a/b-3p directly targeted the 3'-UTR of PAK4 and BCAR3, further effected proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion of SW1116 cells. PAK4 or BCAR3 overexpression could partially reversed inhibitory effects of miR-199a/b-3p.

Conclusions
These results provided a new multi-targeted cite for cancerous suppressant to improve the prognosis of CRC inpatients.
Reduced chemodiversity suppresses rhizosphere microbiome functioning in the mono-cropped agroecosystems
Authors: Li Pengfa , Liu Jia , Saleem Muhammad , Li Guilong , Luan Lu , Wu Meng , Li Zhongpei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Rhizodeposits regulate rhizosphere interactions, processes, nutrient and energy flow, and plant-microbe communication and thus play a vital role in maintaining soil and plant health. However, it remains unclear whether and how alteration in belowground carbon allocation and chemodiversity of rhizodeposits influences microbiome functioning in the rhizosphere ecosystems. To address this research gap, we investigated the relationship of rhizosphere carbon allocation and chemodiversity with microbiome biodiversity and functioning during peanut (Arachis hypogaea) continuous mono-cropping. After continuously labeling plants with 13CO2, we studied the chemodiversity and composition of rhizodeposits, along with the composition and diversity of active rhizosphere microbiome using metabolomic, amplicon, and shotgun metagenomic sequencing approaches based on DNA stable-isotope probing (DNA-SIP).

Results
Our results indicated that enrichment and depletion of rhizodeposits and active microbial taxa varied across plant growth stages and cropping durations. Specifically, a gradual decrease in the rhizosphere carbon allocation, chemodiversity, biodiversity and abundance of plant-beneficial taxa (such as Gemmatimonas, Streptomyces, Ramlibacter, and Lysobacter), and functional gene pathways (such as quorum sensing and biosynthesis of antibiotics) was observed with years of mono-cropping. We detected significant and strong correlations between rhizodeposits and rhizosphere microbiome biodiversity and functioning, though these were regulated by different ecological processes. For instance, rhizodeposits and active bacterial communities were mainly governed by deterministic and stochastic processes, respectively. Overall, the reduction in carbon deposition and chemodiversity during peanut continuous mono-cropping tended to suppress microbial biodiversity and its functions in the rhizosphere ecosystem.

Conclusions
Our results, for the first time, provide the evidence underlying the mechanism of rhizosphere microbiome malfunctioning in mono-cropped systems. Our study opens new avenues to deeply disentangle the complex plant-microbe interactions from the perspective of rhizodeposits chemodiversity and composition and will serve to guide future microbiome research for improving the functioning and services of soil ecosystems.
DNA methylation alterations across time and space in paediatric brain tumours
Authors: Wenger Anna , Ferreyra Vega Sandra , Schepke Elizabeth , Löfgren Maja , Olsson Bontell Thomas , Tisell Magnus , Nilsson Daniel , Kling Teresia , Carén Helena 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDNA methylation is increasingly used for tumour classification and has expanded upon the > 100 currently known brain tumour entities. A correct diagnosis is the basis for suitable treatment for patients with brain tumours, which is the leading cause of cancer-related death in children. DNA methylation profiling is required for diagnosis of certain tumours, and used clinically for paediatric brain tumours in several countries. We therefore evaluated if the methylation-based classification is robust in different locations of the same tumour, and determined how the methylation pattern changed over time to relapse. We sampled 3–7 spatially separated biopsies per patient, and collected samples from paired primary and relapse brain tumours from children. Altogether, 121 samples from 46 paediatric patients with brain tumours were profiled with EPIC methylation arrays. The methylation-based classification was mainly homogeneous for all included tumour types that were successfully classified, which is promising for clinical diagnostics. There were indications of multiple subclasses within tumours and switches in the relapse setting, but not confirmed as the classification scores were below the threshold. Site-specific methylation alterations did occur within the tumours and varied significantly between tumour types for the temporal samples, and as a trend in spatial samples. More alterations were present in high-grade tumours compared to low-grade, and significantly more alterations with longer relapse times. The alterations in the spatial and temporal samples were significantly depleted in CpG islands, exons and transcription start sites, while enriched in OpenSea and regions not affiliated with a gene, suggesting a random location of the alterations in less conserved regions. In conclusion, more DNA methylation changes accumulated over time and more alterations occurred in high-grade tumours. The alterations mainly occurred in regions without gene affiliation, and did not affect the methylation-based classification, which largely remained homogeneous in paediatric brain tumours.
Tracheostomy decannulation protocol in patients with prolonged tracheostomy referred to a rehabilitation hospital: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Zhou Ting , Wang Jianjun , Zhang Chenxi , Zhang Bin , Guo Haiming , Yang Bo , Li Qing , Ge Jingyi , Li Yi , Niu Guangyu , Gao Hua , Jiang Hongying 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The aim of the study was to assess the feasibility of a standardized tracheostomy decannulation protocol in patients with prolonged tracheostomy referred to a rehabilitation hospital.

Methods
This prospective cohort study recruited conscious patients with prolonged tracheostomy who were referred to the pulmonary rehabilitation department of a tertiary rehabilitation hospital between January 2019 and December 2021. A pulmonary rehabilitation team used a standardized tracheostomy decannulation protocol developed by the authors. The primary outcome was the success rate of decannulation. Secondary outcomes included decannulation time from referral and reintubation rate after a follow-up of 3 months.

Results
Of the 115 patients referred for weaning from mechanical ventilation and tracheostomy decannulation over the study period, 80.0% (92/115) were finally evaluated for tracheostomy decannulation. The mean time of tracheostomy in patients transferred to our department was 70.6 days. After assessment by a multidisciplinary team, 57 patients met all the decannulation indications and underwent decannulation. Fifty-six cases were successful, and 1 case was intubated again. The median time to decannulation after referral was 42.7 days. Reintubation after a follow-up of 3 months did not occur in any patients.

Conclusions
A standardized tracheostomy decannulation protocol implemented by a pulmonary rehabilitation team is associated with successful tracheostomy decannulation in patients with prolonged tracheostomy. Not every tracheostomy patient must undergo upper airway endoscopy before decannulation. Tolerance of speaking valve continuously for 4 h can be used as an alternative means for tube occlusion. A swallow assessment was used to evaluate the feeding mode and did not affect the final decision to decannulate.
Trial registration: 2018bkky-121.
Impact of machined versus structured implant shoulder designs on crestal bone level changes: a randomized, controlled, multicenter study
Authors: Rothamel Daniel , Heinz Maria , Ferrari Daniel , Eissing Alfons , Holtmann Henrik , Schorn Lara , Fienitz Tim 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The collar region of an implant is its connection to the oral cavity. A balance between osseointegration on one hand and the absence of plaque accumulation on the other hand is necessary for successful implantation. It is yet to be determined which implant collar design, polished or rough, is best to stabilize the crestal bone level, avoiding peri-implantitis and subsequent risk of implant loss. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the architecture of the collar region on marginal bone and soft tissue response.

Methods
This prospective, randomized, clinically controlled multicenter study included 58 patients undergoing dental implant treatment using a pair of dental implants with either machined or rough-surfaced shoulder regions. Patients were clinically and radiologically examined for bone level height and signs of inflammation after 6, 12 and 24 months.

Results
No implant was lost within the 2 years of follow-up (100% survival rate). No significant differences on crestal bone loss (machined neck: 0.61 mm ± 0.28 mm, rough neck 0.58 mm ± 0.24 mm) and on soft tissue response (probing depth 3–6 mm with bleeding on probing 7.6% in machined-neck implants and in 8.3% in rough neck implants) were observed between implants with machined and roughened neck after 2 years.

Conclusions
Machined and roughened neck implants achieved equally good results concerning peri-implant bone loss, the rate of peri-implantitis and implant survival rate/hard and soft tissue integration. None of the two collar designs showed a clear advantage in peri-implant reaction.
Trial registration German Clinical Trials Register, DKRS00029033. Registered 09 May 2022—Retrospectively registered, http://www.dkrs.de
A Validated Injury Surveillance and Monitoring Tool for Fast Jet Aircrew: Translating Sports Medicine Paradigms to a Military Population
Authors: Wallace James , Osmotherly Peter , Gabbett Tim , Spratford Wayne , Niyonsenga Theo , Newman Phil 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundMilitary populations, including fast jet aircrew (FJA - aka fighter aircrew/pilots), commonly suffer from musculoskeletal complaints, which reduce performance and operational capability. Valid surveillance tools and agreed recordable injury definitions are lacking. Our objective was to develop and then evaluate the validity of a musculoskeletal complaints surveillance and monitoring tool for FJA.MethodsA Delphi study with international experts sought consensus on recordable injury definitions and important content for use in a surveillance and monitoring tool for FJA. Using these results and feedback from end-users (FJA), the University of Canberra Fast Jet Aircrew Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (UC-FJAMQ) was developed. Following its use with 306 Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) FJA over 4 × five-month reporting periods, validity of the UC-FJAMQ was evaluated via multi-level factor analysis (MFA) and compared with routine methods of injury surveillance.ResultsConsensus was achieved for: eight words/descriptors for defining a musculoskeletal complaint; six definitions of recordable injury; and 14 domains important for determining overall severity. The UC-FJAMQ was developed and refined. MFA identified three distinct dimensions within the 11 items used to determine severity: operational capability, symptoms, and care-seeking. MFA further highlighted that symptom severity and seeking medical attention were poor indicators of the impact musculoskeletal complaints have upon operational capability. One hundred and fifty-two episodes of time loss were identified, with the UC-FJAMQ identifying 79% of these, while routine methods identified 49%. Despite modest weekly reporting rates (61%), the UC-FJAMQ outperformed routine surveillance methods.ConclusionsThe UC-FJAMQ was developed to specifically address the complexities of injury surveillance with FJA, which are similar to those noted in other military and sporting populations. The results demonstrated the UC-FJAMQ to be sensitive and valid within a large group of FJA over 4 × five-month reporting periods. Adoption of consistent, sensitive, and valid surveillance methods will strengthen the FJA injury prevention literature, ultimately enhancing their health, performance, and operational capability.
Relationship between gene expression profile class and tumor thickness regression after plaque brachytherapy for choroidal melanoma
Authors: Sharma Arjun , Mignano John E. , Duker Jay S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background and objective
To examine the relationship between gene expression profile class and tumor thickness reduction as measured by ultrasonography in response to plaque brachytherapy using a single-center, retrospective cohort study.

Methods
A total of 15 patients with choroidal melanoma who underwent biopsy for gene expression profiling and were treated with plaque brachytherapy from a single institution from 12/8/14 through 12/19/19 were retrospectively reviewed for clinical characteristics and rate of tumor regression. Ultrasonographic B-scan tumor height was recorded just prior to plaque placement and following plaque removal in the patient’s chart to assess percent reduction in tumor thickness from baseline.

Results
A total of 15 patients met inclusion criteria and were analyzed in this study. Minimum follow-up was 6 months after plaque removal. The percent regression in tumor thickness from baseline as measured by ultrasonography was greater for class 2 tumors than for class 1 tumors at 12-month follow up after treatment, and this difference was statistically significant (P = 0.012). There was no statistical significance in reduction at 3 months (P = 0.46) and 9 months (P = 0.10) after plaque brachytherapy. Although not statistically significant, class 2 tumors appeared to regress more rapidly than class 1 tumors in response to radiation.

Conclusions
In this study, class 2 choroidal melanoma tumors show a more rapid anatomic response to treatment than class 1 tumors at 12 months post plaque brachytherapy.
Detection of inadvertent passage of guide wire into the false lumen during thoracic endovascular aortic repair of Type B aortic dissection by transesophageal echocardiography
Authors: Eissa Mohamed , Mir-Ghassemi Asadollah , Nagpal Sudhir , Talab Hesham F. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) has become a widely accepted treatment strategy for patients with thoracic aortic pathologies. We present a case of TEVAR where transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) played a crucial role for adequate placement of an endovascular stent graft.

Case presentation
A 71-year-old male received TEVAR for type B aortic dissection. TEE detected both true/false lumens with an intimal tear. A guidewire was inserted into the descending aorta via the left femoral artery; however, angiography failed to identify the precise location of the tip of the guidewire. TEE detected the guide wire passing through the intimal tear into the false lumen, promoted the surgeon to manipulate and advance it to the true lumen, followed by placement of a stent graft. The patient was hemodynamically stable through the whole procedure.

Conclusion
TEE was crucially important for detecting the precise location of the guidewire and preventing complications during TEVAR.
Diagnosis and management of intraoperative thyroid storm in a child with undiagnosed Graves’ disease: a case report
Authors: Schaefer Amanda W. , Solorzano Pedro J. , Mavarez Ana C. , Muñoz-Monaco Gustavo M. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Thyroid storm is a life-threatening manifestation of thyrotoxicosis and presents with fever, diaphoresis, tachycardia, hypertension, and widened pulse pressure.

Case presentation
We present a case of intraoperative thyroid storm in a 12-year-old female undergoing posterior spinal fusion. Despite adequate depth of anesthesia and analgesia, the patient was persistently tachycardic and hypertensive. The surgical procedure was uneventful. A thyroid panel drawn immediately after surgery showed undetectable thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and high free thyroxine (T4) consistent with thyroid storm.

Conclusions
Intraoperative thyroid storm in a pediatric patient is extremely rare with nonspecific clinical symptoms. Low to undetectable TSH and elevated free T4 is diagnostic.
The engagement of students when learning to use a personal audio classifier to control robot cars in a computational thinking board game
Authors: Hsu Ting-Chia , Chen Mu-Sheng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis research explored the creative thinking, learning achievement, and engagement of students when they integrated the application of the personal audio classifier (PAC) into the competition of a computational thinking (CT) board game (i.e., the experimental group), or did not integrate it into the competition but only collaborated with peers to test the function of the program which they had developed (i.e., the control group). The students had experienced popular speech recognition usage in their daily life, such as Siri and Google Assistant; therefore, this study developed instructional material for university freshmen to learn to develop their own artificial intelligence (AI) application (app) on a smart phone with PAC in MIT App Inventor. The PAC platform and the learning material cultivated students to train their own voice classification model, which is a form of supervised machine learning in the AI domain. The results showed that both groups, who had successfully trained computers to distinguish received voice commands with PAC receiving the human voice spectrogram via the cloud platform developed by MIT, made significant progress in their learning effectiveness in AI education. When the students employed the AI app on smartphones in the CT board game, the students’ voice commands could be classified, and then the corresponding command could be executed through the program to control the action of the robot car on the map, regardless of whether they were competing or not. This study not only successfully provided the students with simple AI learning material, but also cultivated their creative thinking, as identified in the survey of the computational thinking self-efficacy scale. During the process of completing a mobile phone application with AI, students should know and use the function of voice classification to achieve goals and expand their cognition of AI applications. This study concluded that the AI learning material for general students rather than students in the department of computer science facilitated the students’ engagement.
Characterization of a small molecule modulator of inflammatory cytokine production
Authors: Kudchodkar Sagar B , Fagone Paolo , Kawalekar Omkar U , Jeong Moonsup , Roberts Christine C , Lee Hyojin , Cho Youngran , Gil Areum , Oh Yeeun , Jeon Bohyun , Park Gee Ho , Park Young K , Nicoletti Ferdinando , Maslow Joel N , Muthumani Kar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn the present study, the effect(s) of the immunomodulatory drug GLS-1027 on various cell types involved in inflammation were investigated. GLS-1027 reduced LPS-stimulated secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines by macrophage or monocytic cells and cell lines. This reduction was likely due in part to decreased activation of NF-κB family transcription factors and inhibition of p38 MAPK signaling in GLS-1027-treated cells. Independent from its effects on macrophages, GLS-1027 inhibited dendritic cell maturation and differentiation of naïve CD4+ T cells into Th17 cells, reducing the production of typical pro-inflammatory cytokines associated with both processes. In vivo administration of GLS-1027 prevented the development of type 1 diabetes in NOD mice which correlated with reduced serum levels of IL17A in GLS-1027 treated animals and reduced ex vivo production of IL17A from both spleen and lymph-node cells. Overall, our data show that GLS-1027 can reduce inflammation through multiple actions, including the reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokine production by innate immune cells, the inhibition of dendritic cells maturation, and the inhibition of Th17 cells polarization.
Framing cognitive offloading in terms of gains or losses: achieving a more optimal use of reminders
Authors: Fröscher Lea , Friedrich Ann-Kathrin , Berentelg Max , Widmer Curtis , Gilbert Sam J. , Papenmeier Frank 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNowadays individuals can readily set reminders to offload intentions onto external resources, such as smartphone alerts, rather than using internal memory. Individuals tend to be biased, setting more reminders than would be optimal. We address the question whether the reminder bias depends on offloading scenarios being framed as either gains or losses, both between-participants (Experiment 1) and within-participants (Experiment 2). In both experiments, framing of reminders in terms of gains resulted in participants employing a risk-averse strategy and using more reminders than would be optimal. Importantly, however, participants used reminders more optimally and were more willing to choose the risk-seeking option of remembering internally when reminders implied a loss. Based on metacognitive measures in Experiment 2, the reminder bias increased the more underconfident participants were about their memory abilities in both framing scenarios. Framing did not alter this relationship between erroneous metacognitive underconfidence and reminder bias but provides an additional influence. We conclude that emphasizing the losses (costs) associated with external reminders helps in achieving more optimal decisions in offloading situations, and that in addition to cognitive effort and metacognitive judgments, framing needs to be considered in improving individuals’ offloading behavior.
Even affective changes induced by the global health crisis are insufficient to perturb the hyper-stability of visual long-term memory
Authors: Zhao Chong , Fukuda Keisuke , Park Sohee , Woodman Geoffrey F. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPast studies of emotion and mood on memory have mostly focused on the learning of emotional material in the laboratory or on the consequences of a punctate catastrophic event. However, the influence of a long-lasting global condition on memory and learning has not been studied. The COVID-19 pandemic unfortunately offered a unique situation to observe the effects of prolonged, negative events on human memory for visual information. One thousand online subjects were asked to remember the details of real-world photographs of objects to enable fine-grained visual discriminations from novel within-category foils. Visual memory performance was invariant across time, regardless of the infection rate in the local or national population, or the subjects’ self-reported affective state using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). Thus, visual memory provides the human brain with storage that is particularly resilient to changes in emotional state, even when those changes are experienced for months longer than any imaginable laboratory procedure.