bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The HDA9‐HY5 module epigenetically regulates flowering time in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Chu Liutian , Yang Chao , Zhuang Feng , Gao Yingmiao , Luo Ming 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHistone deacetylases (HDACs) play important roles in the repression of gene expression. Our previous study revealed that HISTONE DEACETYLASE 9 (HDA9) interacts with ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5) and is involved in regulating plant autophagy in response to the light‐to‐dark transition and nitrogen starvation. In this study, we observed that the hda9‐1 and hy5‐215 single mutants flowered earlier compared with the wild‐type Col‐0; in addition, the hda9‐1 hy5‐215 double mutant flowered earlier than each single mutant. The expression of several positive flowering time genes was upregulated in the hda9‐1, hy5‐215, and hda9‐1 hy5‐215 mutants. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis demonstrated that HDA9 and HY5 bound directly to the promoter regions of PHYTOCHROME‐INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (PIF4) and CONSTANS‐LIKE 5 (COL5) and repressed their expression through H3K9 and H3K27 deacetylation. Taken together, our results reveal the epigenetic mechanism explaining how the HDA9‐HY5 module functions in controlling flowering time.
The influence of event‐time (vs. clock‐time) scheduling style on satiation
Authors: Tang Yangyi (Eric) , Huang Zhongqiang (Tak) , Su Lei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractConsumers often need to schedule different activities. While consumers who adopt a clock‐time scheduling style decide when to transition from one activity to the next according to external temporal cues (e.g., clock), those who adopt an event‐time scheduling style tend to perform each activity until they feel internally that it is completed. This research showed that consumers' scheduling style (clock‐time vs. event‐time) could influence their satiation with repeated consumption. Four studies involving actual consumption across various domains (e.g., music, artwork, food) demonstrated that an event‐time scheduling style leads to more rapid satiation with repeated consumption than a clock‐time scheduling style because event‐timers (vs. clock‐timers) have higher private self‐focus. The results further revealed that the satiation effect of scheduling style is mitigated when consumers are distracted from their private self or informed of additional sensitization cues in the consumption stimuli.
Programmed cell death might involve in progress of wounding induced agarwood formation in stems of Aquilaria sinensis
Authors: Liu Peiwei , Zhang Yuxiu , Yang Yun , Lv Feifei , Wei Jianhe 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAgarwood, a non‐timber fragrant wood, is derived from wounded Aquilaria trees (Thymelaeaceae) and is widely used in traditional medicine, incense and perfume. Agarwood‐like substances and programmed cell death (PCD) can be induced by wounding signals in the suspension cells and aerial roots of Aquilaria sinensis. In this study, the dynamic process of wound‐induced agarwood formation in stems of A. sinensis was observed, and the occurrence of PCD was synchronously detected using techniques such as 4′,6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole and dUTP nick‐end labeling staining. The results showed that the wounding was a induce signal for agarwood resin formation, meanwhile might induce PCD. Interxylary phloem and xylem ray were the main sites of agarwood resin formation and PCD occurrence. There might be a relationship between the spatiotemporal pattern of PCD and agarwood resin formation: more severe PCD corresponded to a higher rate of resin formation but a shorter resin formation time; conversely, slower PCD progression corresponded to a lower rate of resin formation but a longer resin formation time. Our findings are the first to demonstrate that PCD might occur in the process of wound‐induced agarwood formation at the tree level, and the spatiotemporal pattern is closely related to the formation of agarwood resin. This study provides valuable insight for further studies on the relationship between PCD and agarwood formation.Highlights
Programmed cell death (PCD) might occur in the process of wound‐induced agarwood formation at the tree level.
Interxylary phloem and xylem ray were the main sites of agarwood resin formation and PCD occurrence.
Spatiotemporal pattern of PCD might have a strong impact on agarwood resin formation.
Linear mixed model analysis to evaluate correlations between remdesivir adverse effects with age and gender of patients with mild Covid‐19 pneumonia
Authors: Sedighi Mohsen , Amanollahi Alireza , Moradi Moghaddam Omid , Basir Ghafouri Hamed , Hoseini Seyede Elham , Tavakoli Nader 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe aimed to assess longitudinal changes in clinical indexes of corona disease 2019 (Covid‐19) patients with mild pulmonary infection during 5 days of remdesivir therapy and determine the effect of age and gender on remdesivir adverse effects (AE). Patients' clinical data including inflammatory markers, liver and renal function tests, and heart rate (HR) were extracted from medical records. Linear mixed model (LMM) was used to analyze longitudinal changes in patients' clinical indexes. Gender and age were inserted in LMM as covariates to find their correlation with AE and clinical indexes. Of 84 patients, 35 patients met our criteria for the study. There were significant increases in mean levels of white blood cell (WBC; p = 0.005), alanine aminotransferase (ALT; p = 0.001), aspartate aminotransferase (p = 0.001), blood urea nitrogen (BUN; p = 0.001), and creatinine (p = 0.006), whereas mean levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (p = 0.005), C‐reactive protein (p = 0.001), alkaline phosphatase (p = 0.001), and potassium (p = 0.003) decreased significantly. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (p = 0.001) and HR (p = 0.001) showed a notable decline over the course of treatment. LMM analysis showed that mean changes in WBC (β = 0.94, p = 0.029), creatinine (β = 0.12, p = 0.020), and HR (β = 6.47, p = 0.008) were greater in males than in females. Also, age of patients had a significant effect on the mean changes of WBC (β = −0.02, p = 0.023), sodium (β = −0.06, p = 0.010), BUN (β = 0.23, p = 0.001), and HR (β = −0.29, p = 0.001). Despite no renal and liver dysfunction, Covid‐19 patients with mild pulmonary infection may develop some remdesivir AE and attributed side effects might be affected by gender and age of patients.
Influence of water table dynamics on spatial and temporal patterns of hydroclimate extremes over Lake Victoria Basin, East Africa: Comparison of wet and dry years
Authors: Anyah Richard , Xia Sun , Semazzi Fredrick 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWRF model coupled to water table dynamics has been adapted to investigate the spatial and temporal evolution of wet and dry conditions over Lake Victoria Basin. Two 2‐year long simulations were conducted using coupled model with water table and the uncoupled (without water table) for wet and dry periods. Influence of water table on land–atmosphere coupling and interconnections among precipitation, soil moisture, evapotranspiration, and surface energy fluxes were examined. Overall, the coupled model simulated significantly higher monthly rainfall amounts during both the short (March‐May) and long (October‐December) rains of the wet year, which was more consistent with observations particularly over the lake surface and immediate hinterlands. Simulated monthly rainfall differences between coupled and uncoupled were pronounced during the peak of long rains, exceeding 100mm over the lake surface. Toward the end of the rainfall season (May) the difference was minimal. During the short rains significant differences occurred mostly in November, especially over the eastern shores. But during the relatively dry year minimal differences were generally witnessed throughout the year except in May, east of Lake Victoria. The coupled model simulated stronger matching among rainfall, soil moisture, and evapotranspiration over areas with shallow water table, for example in Kisumu to the east and Bukoba to the west. In these areas coupled model simulated higher soil moisture corresponding to higher evapotranspiration and precipitation. These interconnections were more pronounced during short and long rains in 1997 (wet) compared to 2010 (dry). Wet conditions over the gulf of Kisumu corresponded with rise in water table especially during October–December 1997 consistent with ENSO‐related flooding over the area. Hence, our study demonstrated that incorporating water table resulted in realistic interconnections between precipitation, soil moisture, ET, and surface energy fluxes, and could improve simulation and prediction of spatial‐temporal evolution of wet and dry conditions over Lake Victoria Basin.
How morning soil moisture conditions influence afternoon precipitation events in South America
Authors: Giles Julián Alberto , Menéndez Claudio Guillermo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe land–atmosphere interactions play an important role in the South American climate system. Previous studies have explored the coupling between soil moisture (SM), surface heat fluxes and atmospheric variables such as temperature and precipitation; however, the SM–precipitation feedback is still debated, especially at the diurnal scale. We computed three diurnal local coupling diagnostics between spatial, temporal and heterogeneity morning SM anomalies and the occurrence of afternoon precipitation events. We analyse South America in the period October–March 1983–2012 with the ERA5 reanalysis and the RCA4 regional climate model. Two 30‐year climate simulations are performed: a control and an uncoupled simulation where the SM is prescribed with daily climatological values, limiting the SM–atmosphere interaction. Comparing both simulations we isolate the effect of SM variability, allowing us to confirm that the diagnostics are indeed showing the contribution of the SM–precipitation coupling. We test different methods of calculating the morning SM anomalies and observe that all diagnostics show some methodological sensitivity, especially the spatial and temporal diagnostics. Despite the differences, in eastern Brazil we find a preference for afternoon precipitation to develop when the soil is wetter and heterogeneous, over points that are wetter than their surroundings. Towards southeastern South America, there is a spatial and temporal preference for drier or average conditions, depending on the method, with heterogeneity preference, and the same is observed in southwestern Amazonia in RCA4. Ultimately, it is important that future studies disentangle the spatiotemporal coupling mechanisms that may act simultaneously into its distinct components to avoid erroneous assumptions and contradictory results.
FAM172A supervises ER (endoplasmic reticulum) stress‐triggered autophagy in the epidural fibrosis process
Authors: Zheng Yufeng , Zhang Dianzhong , Su Le , Wen Yanhua , Wang Yucai 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundsLumbar laminectomy is usually utilized for lumbar disc herniation (LDH), but also causes epidural fibrosis (EF) process associated with abnormal proliferation of fibroblasts. FAM172A is associated with ER stress and cell proliferation, but its mechanism was unclear, especially in the process of EF.MethodsTherefore, the regulation of FAM172A on the calcium flux and autophagy in fibroblasts were investigated by inducing ER stress with tunicamycin and upexpression or downexpression of FAM172A. The calcium flux was determined using Fluo‐3, and autophagy was examined with immunofluorescence or western blot for LC3, Beclin‐1, ATG‐5, and p62. Moreover, the apoptotic protein of Bax and Bcl‐2 was detected, too. Furthermore, the laminectomy model was constructed and then dealt with overexpression of FAM172A.ResultsTunicamycin‐induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy process in fibroblasts were associated with the calcium flux regulated by FAM172A, especially in EF cells. Besides, tunicamycin induced autophagy and suppressed cell apoptosis of fibroblasts. Furthermore, FAM72A repressed the proliferation of fibroblasts and the process of EF in the laminectomy model through the mediation of the autophagy process.ConclusionsTunicamycin‐induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in fibroblasts was associated with calcium flux mediated by FAM172A. FAM72A participated in the autophagy regulation of fibroblasts and maybe the key interaction regulator of apoptosis and autophagy in fibroblasts, especially for epidural scar cells.
Insights into the oxidation behavior of Ni–25Cr–10Fe–xSi (x = 1, 2, 3, 4 wt%) alloys at 1000°C in ambient air
Authors: Jia Guodong , Xu Wanjian , Pan Jie , Li Jun , Wang Huichao , Wang Longbao , Xiao Xueshan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe isothermal oxidation behavior of Ni–25Cr–10Fe–xSi (x = 1, 2, 3, 4 wt%) alloys at 1000°C in ambient air was investigated. The thermodynamics and kinetics of the oxidation behavior were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and the Thermo‐Calc software with the TTNI8 database. The weight gain per unit area of the four alloys showed a parabolic relationship with the oxidation time. The weight gain of the oxides decreased with the addition of larger amounts of Si from 1 to 3 wt%; however, this trend was lost when excessive addition of Si (4 wt% Si) was added. A sufficient amount of discontinuously distributed SiO2 precipitates resulted in better oxidation resistance and adhesion properties than continuous SiO2 layers. The spallation resistance of the oxide scales is believed to be mainly dependent on the distribution of the SiO2 layer rather than the content of SiO2; 3 wt% is a reasonable reference value for Si addition for improving the oxidation resistance of Ni–25Cr–10Fe alloys.
Cystic fibrosis‐related liver disease is an independent risk factor for mortality and increased health care resource utilization in hospitalized pediatric patients with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Thavamani Aravind , Umapathi Krishna K. , Kutney Katherine , Sferra Thomas J. , Sankararaman Senthilkumar 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundCystic fibrosis‐related liver disease (CFLD) is more prevalent in recent decades due to the increasing life expectancy of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). There is paucity of population‐level data on the impact of CFLD on hospital outcomes.MethodsWe interrogated nonoverlapping years (2003–2016) of the National Inpatient Sample and Kids' Inpatient Database to include all hospitalized patients <21 years of age with a primary diagnosis of CF within the United States. A concomitant diagnosis of cirrhosis, liver fibrosis, chronic liver disease, portal hypertension, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, hypersplenism, and liver transplant status was considered as surrogates for the diagnosis of CFLD and was compared with CF‐related hospitalizations without these diagnoses (controls) for demographics, comorbid conditions, in‐hospital mortality, length‐of‐stay, and hospital charges.ResultsWe evaluated 94,374 CF‐related hospitalizations. The prevalence of CFLD was 5.8%. The prevalence increased from 3.1% (2003) to a peak of 7.3% (2014) with an overall increasing trend, p < 0.001. Hospitalizations with CFLD had an increased prevalence of significant comorbidities: respiratory failure,lung transplant, pulmonary hypertension, diabetes mellitus, malnutrition, Clostridioides difficile infection, cholelithiasis, anemia, and need for parenteral nutrition, p < 0.001. Multivariate regression models showed CFLD as independently associated with 2.1 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5 to 2.8) times increased risk of inpatient mortality, contributed to 1.1 (95% CI: 0.89 to 1.37) additional days of hospitalization, and incurring $14,852 (95% CI: 12,204 to 17,501) excess hospital charges, p < 0.001.ConclusionCFLD is associated with multiple comorbidities and is independently associated with increased risk of mortality and increased health care resource utilization in pediatric CF‐related hospitalizations.
Emerging trends of edible vaccine therapy for combating human diseases especiallyCOVID‐19: Pros, cons, and future challenges
Authors: Khalid Fatima , Tahir Reema , Ellahi Manahil , Amir Nilofer , Rizvi Syed Faheem Askari , Hasnain Ammarah 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe researchers are still doing efforts to develop an effective, reliable, and easily accessible vaccine candidate to protect against COVID‐19. As of the August 2020, nearly 30 conventional vaccines have been emerged in clinical trials, and more than 200 vaccines are in various development stages. Nowadays, plants are also considered as a potential source for the production of monoclonal antibodies, vaccines, drugs, immunomodulatory proteins, as well as used as bioreactors or factories for their bulk production. The scientific evidences enlighten that plants are the rich source of oral vaccines, which can be given either by eating the edible parts of plants and/or by oral administration of highly refined proteins. The use of plant‐based edible vaccines is an emerging trend as it possesses minimum or no side effects compared with synthetic vaccines. This review article gives insights into different types of vaccines, the use of edible vaccines, advantages of edible vaccines over conventional vaccines, and mechanism of action of edible vaccines. This review article also focuses on the applications of edible vaccines in wide‐range of human diseases especially against COVID‐19 with emphasis on future perspectives of the use of edible vaccines.
Mediastinal tuberculosis following descending necrotizing mediastinitis: A case report
Authors: Matsumoto Akira , Soma Toshihiko , Shoji Tsuyoshi , Katakura Hiromichi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTuberculosis is a disease that causes latent infection and is sometimes activated by a variety of factors. Descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM) is a serious disease caused by spreading oropharyngeal infection. We present a case of mediastinal tuberculosis following mediastinal dissection and antibiotic therapy for DNM. A 62‐year‐old man was admitted to the hospital with an increasing mass in the right mediastinum during outpatient follow‐up after surgical drainage and antibiotic treatment for idiopathic cervical abscess and left DNM caused by oral bacteria. The patient underwent right mediastinal abscess dissection 4 months after the last surgery. As a result of culture tests, no general bacteria but Mycobacterium tuberculosis was detected. Anti‐tuberculosis treatment was continued for 9 months, and the patient has progressed without any recurrence of infection. The possibility of relapse of tuberculosis should always be considered in patients with unexplained masses.
Fixed‐effects inference and tests of correlation for longitudinal functional data
Authors: Li Ruonan , Xiao Luo , Smirnova Ekaterina , Cui Erjia , Leroux Andrew , Crainiceanu Ciprian M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe propose an inferential framework for fixed effects in longitudinal functional models and introduce tests for the correlation structures induced by the longitudinal sampling procedure. The framework provides a natural extension of standard longitudinal correlation models for scalar observations to functional observations. Using simulation studies, we compare fixed effects estimation under correctly and incorrectly specified correlation structures and also test the longitudinal correlation structure. Finally, we apply the proposed methods to a longitudinal functional dataset on physical activity. The computer code for the proposed method is available athttps://github.com/rli20ST758/FILF.
Constructing Hydrophobic Interface with Close‐Packed Coordination Supramolecular Network for Long‐Cycling and Dendrite‐Free Zn‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Tao Zengren , Zhu Yuanfei , Zhou Zekun , Wang Anding , Tan Yuanming , Chen Zhao , Yu Minghao , Yang Yangyi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCommercialization of aqueous zinc‐metal batteries remains unrealistic due to the substantial dendrite growth and side reaction issues on the zinc anodes. It is highly demanded to develop easy‐to‐handle approaches for constructing stable, dense, as well as homogeneous solid anode/electrolyte interfaces. Herein, the authors construct the zinc anode interface with a close‐packed Zn‐TSA (TSA = thiosalicylate) coordination supramolecular network through the facile and up‐scalable wet‐chemical method. The hydrophobic Zn‐TSA network can block solvated water and establish a solid‐state diffusion barrier to well‐distribute the interfacial Zn2+, thus inhibiting hydrogen evolution and zinc dendrite growth on the anode. Meanwhile, the Zn‐TSA network induces the formation of a uniform and stable solid electrolyte interphase composed of multiple inorganic‐organic compounds. This denser structure can accommodate and self‐heal the crack/degradation of the anode interphase associated with the repeated volume changes, and suppress the generation of detrimental by‐product, Znx(OTF‐)y(OH)2x−y·nH2O. Such a rationally fabricated anode/electrolyte interface further endows the assembled symmetric cells with superior plating/stripping stability for over 2000 h without dendrite formation (at 1 mA cm‐2 and 1 mAh cm‐2). Furthermore, this zinc anode has practical application in the Zn‐MoS2 and Zn‐V2O5 full cells. This study provides a new train of thought for constructing the dense interface of zinc‐metal anode.
Ultraflexible and Stretchable Intrafascicular Peripheral Nerve Recording Device with Axon‐Dimension, Cuff‐Less Microneedle Electrode Array
Authors: Yan Dongxiao , Jiman Ahmad A. , Bottorff Elizabeth C. , Patel Paras R. , Meli Dilara , Welle Elissa J. , Ratze David C. , Havton Leif A. , Chestek Cynthia A. , Kemp Stephen W. P. , Bruns Tim M. , Yoon Euisik , Seymour John P. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPeripheral nerve mapping tools with higher spatial resolution are needed to advance systems neuroscience, and potentially provide a closed‐loop biomarker in neuromodulation applications. Two critical challenges of microscale neural interfaces are 1) how to apply them to small peripheral nerves, and 2) how to minimize chronic reactivity. A flexible microneedle nerve array (MINA) is developed, which is the first high‐density penetrating electrode array made with axon‐sized silicon microneedles embedded in low‐modulus thin silicone. The design, fabrication, acute recording, and chronic reactivity to an implanted MINA, are presented. Distinctive units are identified in the rat peroneal nerve. The authors also demonstrate a long‐term, cuff‐free, and suture‐free fixation manner using rose bengal as a light‐activated adhesive for two time‐points. The tissue response is investigated at 1‐week and 6‐week time‐points, including two sham groups and two MINA‐implanted groups. These conditions are quantified in the left vagus nerve of rats using histomorphometry. Micro computed tomography (micro‐CT) is added to visualize and quantify tissue encapsulation around the implant. MINA demonstrates a reduction in encapsulation thickness over previously quantified interfascicular methods. Future challenges include techniques for precise insertion of the microneedle electrodes and demonstrating long‐term recording.