bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solution‐Deposited and Patternable Conductive Polymer Thin‐Film Electrodes for Microbial Bioelectronics
Authors: Tseng Chia‐Ping , Liu Fangxin , Zhang Xu , Huang Po‐Chun , Campbell Ian , Li Yilin , Atkinson Joshua T. , Terlier Tanguy , Ajo‐Franklin Caroline M. , Silberg Jonathan J. , Verduzco Rafael 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMicrobial bioelectronic devices integrate naturally occurring or synthetically engineered electroactive microbes with microelectronics. These devices have a broad range of potential applications, but engineering the biotic–abiotic interface for biocompatibility, adhesion, electron transfer, and maximum surface area remains a challenge. Prior approaches to interface modification lack simple processability, the ability to pattern the materials, and/or a significant enhancement in currents. Here, a novel conductive polymer coating that significantly enhances current densities relative to unmodified electrodes in microbial bioelectronics is reported. The coating is based on a blend of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)‐poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) crosslinked with poly(2‐hydroxyethylacrylate) (PHEA) along with a thin polydopamine (PDA) layer for adhesion to an underlying indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode. When used as an interface layer with the current‐producing bacterium Shewanella oneidensis MR‐1, this material produces a 178‐fold increase in the current density compared to unmodified electrodes, a current gain that is higher than previously reported thin‐film 2D coatings and 3D conductive polymer coatings. The chemistry, morphology, and electronic properties of the coatings are characterized and the implementation of these coated electrodes for use in microbial fuel cells, multiplexed bioelectronic devices, and organic electrochemical transistor based microbial sensors are demonstrated. It is envisioned that this simple coating will advance the development of microbial bioelectronic devices.
Stimuli‐Responsive Liquid‐Crystal‐Infused Porous Surfaces for Manipulation of Underwater Gas Bubble Transport and Adhesion
Authors: Rather Adil Majeed , Xu Yang , Chang Yun , Dupont Robert Lewis , Borbora Angana , Kara Ufuoma Israel , Fang Jen‐Chun , Mamtani Rajdeep , Zhang Meng , Yao Yuxing , Adera Solomon , Bao Xiaoping , Manna Uttam , Wang Xiaoguang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBiomimetic artificial surfaces that enable the manipulation of gas bubble mobility have been explored in a wide range of applications in nanomaterial synthesis, surface defouling, biomedical diagnostics, and therapeutics. Although many superhydrophobic surfaces and isotropic‐lubricant‐infused porous surfaces have been developed to manipulate gas bubbles, the simultaneous control over the adhesion and transport of gas bubbles underwater remains a challenge. Thermotropic liquid crystals (LCs), a class of structured fluids, provide an opportunity to tune the behavior of gas bubbles through LC mesophase transitions using a variety of external stimuli. Using this central idea, the design and synthesis of LC‐infused porous surfaces (LCIPS) is reported and the effects of the LC mesophase on the transport and adhesion of gas bubbles on LCIPS immersed in water elucidated. LCIPS are demonstrated to be a promising class of surfaces with an unprecedented level of responsiveness and functionality, which enables the design of cyanobacteria‐inspired object movement, smart catalysts, and bubble gating devices to sense and sort volatile organic compounds and control oxygen levels in biomimetic cell cultures.
Construction of MXene/PDMS‐Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators for High‐Performance Cathodic Protection
Authors: Xu Hui , Wang Xiutong , Niu Jianmin , Nan Youbo , Pu Jiayan , Zhou Hui , Duan Jizhou , Huang Yanliang , Hou Baorong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA vertical contact‐separation mode triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) to collect mechanical energy and protect stainless steel from corrosion is constructed by spraying to combine MXene powder and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The output of TENG increases significantly by spraying a very small amount (1.2 mg) of MXene, which has excellent conductivity and electro‐negativity. The MXene/PDMS TENG (MP/PP‐TENG) shows the output performance with a short current circuit of 22 µA and output voltage of 900 V, and the output peak power increases by 2.6 times. Meanwhile, MP‐TENG is a reliable alternative to power supply for cathodic protection. The electrochemical measurement results show that the open circuit potential drop of the stainless steel coupled with the MP‐TENG is about 300 mV. Continuous motion of TENG can realize processive protection of metals, proving its potential practical application to all‐weather marine corrosion protection.
An In‐Depth Study of Regulable Zincophilic Alloy Matrix toward Stable Zinc Metal Batteries
Authors: Zhao Qiwen , Wang Yunyun , Liu Wen , Liu Xiaoyu , Wang Han , Yu Huaming , Chen Yuejiao , Chen Libao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroducing 3D hosts is recognized as valid means to low the local current density for alleviating dendrite problems. However, the uncontrollable “top growth” behavior on some 3D hosts is still a serious issue. Although some strategies on the manipulation of Zn2+ ion flux by causing Zn‐alloying metals are reported, the covert details during cycles are still ignored. A tuned Cu‐Zn alloy interfacial layer on stainless‐steel mesh (SS) is proposed here as a fresh tactic. The zincophilic scaffold furnishes nucleation sites and lowers energy barriers for axipetally controllable Zn plating. In‐depth study reveals that CuxZny phase generated by variable Cu/Zn ratios preferentially forms into CuZn5 with Zn plating and then converts into metallic Zn in plating cycle, and no decomposition in a given voltage range in stripping process due to a negative Gibbs free energy of formation of zinc alloys. Thus, CuZn5 is the main zincophilic seed in the subsequent cycles, regardless of any CuxZny phases. As a result, the optimized SS in Zn//MnO2 full cell can render 70% retention after 350 cycles, while the bare SS only shows retention of 30%.
Organic Photoredox Catalyzed Direct Hydroamination of Ynamides with Azoles
Authors: Wang Ban , Mccabe Gavin E. , Parrish Mitchell J. , Singh Jujhar , Zeller Matthias , Deng Yongming 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDisclosed herein is a photoinduced selective hydroamination of ynamides with nitrogen heteroaromatic nucleophiles. By using an organocatalytic photoredox system, a direct method to construct a diverse of (Z)‐α‐azole enamides from ynamides and pyrazoles, as well as triazoles, benzotriazoles, indazoles, and tetrazoles, is developed, thus providing a photocatalytically synthetic route to heterocyclic motifs common in medicinal agents. Based on the mechanistic studies, the hydroamination is postulated to operate via a mechanism in which the single‐electron oxidation of ynamide and the intermediacy of an alkyne radical cation, is responsible for the observed reactivity.magnified image
Bleaching‐Resistant Super‐Resolution Fluorescence Microscopy
Authors: Kwon Jiwoong , Elgawish Mohamed Saleh , Shim Sang‐Hee 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPhotobleaching is the permanent loss of fluorescence after extended exposure to light and is a major limiting factor in super‐resolution microscopy (SRM) that restricts spatiotemporal resolution and observation time. Strategies for preventing or overcoming photobleaching in SRM are reviewed developing new probes and chemical environments. Photostabilization strategies are introduced first, which are borrowed from conventional fluorescence microscopy, that are employed in SRM. SRM‐specific strategies are then highlighted that exploit the on–off transitions of fluorescence, which is the key mechanism for achieving super‐resolution, which are becoming new routes to address photobleaching in SRM. Off states can serve as a shelter from excitation by light or an exit to release a damaged probe and replace it with a fresh one. Such efforts in overcoming the photobleaching limits are anticipated to enhance resolution to molecular scales and to extend the observation time to physiological lifespans.
Zoology of Multiple‐Q Spin Textures in a Centrosymmetric Tetragonal Magnet with Itinerant Electrons
Authors: Khanh Nguyen Duy , Nakajima Taro , Hayami Satoru , Gao Shang , Yamasaki Yuichi , Sagayama Hajime , Nakao Hironori , Takagi Rina , Motome Yukitoshi , Tokura Yoshinori , Arima Taka‐hisa , Seki Shinichiro 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMagnetic skyrmion is a topologically stable particle‐like swirling spin texture potentially suitable for high‐density information bit, which was first observed in noncentrosymmetric magnets with Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction. Recently, nanometric skyrmion has also been discovered in centrosymmetric rare‐earth compounds, and the identification of their skyrmion formation mechanism and further search of nontrivial spin textures are highly demanded. Here, magnetic structures in a prototypical skyrmion‐hosting centrosymmetric tetragonal magnet GdRu2Si2 is exhaustively studied by performing the resonant X‐ray scattering experiments. A rich variety of double‐Q magnetic structures, including the antiferroic order of meron(half‐skyrmion)/anti‐meron‐like textures with fractional local topological charges are identified. The observed intricate magnetic phase diagram is successfully reproduced by the theoretical framework considering the four‐spin interaction mediated by itinerant electrons and magnetic anisotropy. The present results will contribute to the better understanding of the novel skyrmion formation mechanism in this centrosymmetric rare‐earth compound, and suggest that itinerant electrons can ubiquitously host a variety of unique multiple‐Q spin orders in a simple crystal lattice system.
Ultrathick MoS2 Films with Exceptionally High Volumetric Capacitance
Authors: Bo Zheng , Cheng Xiangnan , Yang Huachao , Guo Xinzheng , Yan Jianhua , Cen Kefa , Han Zhaojun , Dai Liming 
Published: January 2022

AbstractManufacturing electrode films at an industrial‐level submillimeter thickness (≈100 µm) with superior volumetric performance is of practical significance for the commercialization of miniaturized supercapacitor systems. This work proposes a commercially scalable solvated‐ion‐intercalated hydrothermal strategy to demonstrate a record‐high volumetric capacitance (511.29 F cm−3) for supercapacitors based on an industrial‐level submillimeter MoS2 film electrode (94.2 µm). The intercalated solvated Li+ ions increase the amount of negative surface charge and reduce the formation energy of 1T MoS2, leading to a high metallic phase content of 82.7% with enhanced electrical conductivity. Together with the expanded interlayer distance (≈1.23 nm), this allows rapid electron transfer and ion transport in the excessively stacked ultrathick MoS2 film to be simultaneously realized. Thus, the as‐fabricated MoS2||graphene/carbon nanotube asymmetric supercapacitor presents both high energy and power densities, outperforms those of commercial devices, including supercapacitors with submillimeter‐thick electrodes and even micrometer‐thick electrodes.
Qualitative description of sexual harassment and discrimination of women in emergency medicine: Giving the numbers a voice
Authors: Maso Kristi , Theobald Jillian L. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionGender disparities in medicine are well documented; however, little qualitative data exist. This study sought to provide a qualitative assessment of harassment and discrimination experienced by female physicians in emergency medicine (EM) specifically by colleagues or supervisors.MethodsAn electronic survey was distributed to female EM physicians on October 18, 2018, asking if they have felt harassed, diminished, uncomfortable, or discriminated against by a male colleague or supervisor at work based on a sexual comment or unwanted advance. Space for descriptive experiences was provided. A data abstraction tool was developed, and experiences were placed into thematic categories. The survey was closed on December 18, 2018, and data were analyzed.ResultsThere were 1280 responses. Responses that were incomplete, not attributable to women, and outside of EM were excluded leaving 1144 to be analyzed. Respondents were primarily White (81%) and working in nonacademic environments (53.5%). The majority (57.3%) felt harassed, diminished, uncomfortable, or discriminated against by a male colleague or superior at work based on sexual comment or innuendo; 22.3% experienced an unwanted sexual act or advance. There were 482 descriptive experiences reported, most frequently focusing on patronizing behavior (16.5%), pregnancy/maternity leave (15.9%), and physical appearance (12.5%).ConclusionsWomen in EM experience sexual harassment and discrimination at work by their peers and supervisors. Exploring the themes of their shared experiences can guide and focus efforts on both prevention and intervention. Further studies are needed to determine if these experiences contribute to disparities in earnings, promotion, and leadership roles of women in medicine.
Grazing cover crops in a no‐till corn and soybean rotation
Authors: Dhakal Dhruba , Erwin Zachary L. , Nelson Kelly A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCover crop (CC) systems may offset expensive hay feeding in early spring. Field research evaluated the effect of CCs on forage mass, weed control, soil penetrometer resistance, and no‐till corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] grain yield (2003–2008) in upstate Missouri. The main plot was grazed and nongrazed CCs, corn and soybean were the subplots, and CCs [nonseeded control, cereal rye (CR, Secale cereale L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), ‘King’ or ‘Marshall’ annual ryegrass (RG, Lolium multiflorum Lam.)] were the sub‐sub plot. Cover crops were grazed two to four times in the spring when the fastest growing species was 20–30 cm tall. Forage mass was collected from the nongrazed treatment. Cereal rye produced the greatest total forage mass in 3 and 4 of 6 yr following corn and soybean, respectively. Cereal rye forage mass (3,640 kg ha−1) was similar to wheat following corn and was 860 kg ha−1 greater than wheat following soybean. Winter annual weeds were controlled up to 92% with CCs. Cattle (Bos taurus) grazing CCs increased penetrometer resistance up to a 20‐cm soil depth compared with nongrazed CCs. Corn grain yield was reduced 0.4 Mg ha−1 following grazed CCs, while soybean yields following grazed CCs were similar to nongrazed treatments (4–6 yr). Corn yields following CCs were ranked nonseeded control = Marshall RG ≥ wheat ≥ King RG ≥ CR. Soybean yields following CCs were similar or less than the nonseeded control. Grazing CCs could add value over the absence of the CC and promote CCs in the U.S. Midwest.
Work‐related fatigue: A hazard for workers experiencing disproportionate occupational risks
Authors: Cunningham Thomas R. , Guerin Rebecca J. , Ferguson Jacqueline , Cavallari Jennifer 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundLong working hours and fatigue are significant occupational safety and health (OSH) hazards for working populations who experience disproportionate risks of injury and illness. These groups include young or new workers, aging workers, contingent and temporary workers, immigrant and nonnative workers, female workers, minority workers, workers with low levels of education and lower socioeconomic status, and small business employees. An increasing focus on newer determinants of health in the workplace, such as health equity and work‐life conflict, in worker populations at greater risk for injury or illness, provides an opportunity for researchers to address the causes and consequences of work‐related fatigue in high‐risk populations.MethodsArticles in the OSH literature that addressed fatigue in higher‐risk workers were identified by the authors or recommended by subject matter experts in workplace fatigue as part of a Working Hours, Sleep and Fatigue Forum. Additional articles were identified by searching for a combination of specific at‐risk worker group titles (e.g., female workers, temporary workers) with fatigue or working hours.ResultsThere remains a paucity of research specifically addressing working hours and fatigue among disproportionately at‐risk worker populations. The literature reviewed in this paper suggests that several of these populations are at increased risk of fatigue due to multiple factors, such as irregular shifts, lack of access to fatigue management resources, and socioeconomic barriers.ConclusionsMore research is needed to identify solutions to address fatigue in working populations who may be at greater risk for its consequences by virtue of adverse socioeconomic and related factors. Interventions to address work‐related fatigue in specific at‐risk worker groups should also consider the multiple and overlapping categories of risk within these populations.
Whole exome sequencing studies in epilepsy: A deep analysis of the published literature
Authors: Shukralla Arif , Carton Robert , Benson Katherine A. , El Naggar Hany , Lacey Austin , Cavalleri Gianpiero , Delanty Norman 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTo evaluate the quality of whole‐exome sequencing (WES) reporting in the epilepsy literature. We aimed to assess the quality of reporting of WES in epilepsy. We compared studies based on journal type and if outcome reporting biases exist. We used a self‐constructed benchmark to quantitatively analyze studies. We included 451 publications. Reporting was heterogeneous with poor reporting of (1) ACMG guideline application 13% and (2) Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) numbers in 3% of studies, 3) VUS in 19%. Predictors of reporting included journal type and journal impact factor. Date of publication and publication type were not predictors of poor reporting. Pairwise comparisons of genetics versus neurology journals using relative risks yielded significant differences in reporting of ACMG guideline application (RR 1.88, 95% CI 1.04–3.38); HPO numbers (RR 8.62, 95% CI 1.08–63.37) and deposition of findings to ClinVar (RR 2.50, 95% CI 1.03–6.1). Reporting of WES literature is heterogeneous in quality, and poor reporting hinders collaboration and accession of data into large databases like OMIM and OrphaNet. This study highlights reporting bias in this area and, formal structural guidelines like the CONSORT guidelines used in the reporting of clinical trials are needed to address the issue.
[3+2] Cycloaddition of Nitrile Imines with 3‐Benzylidene Succinimides: A Facile Access to Functionalized Spiropyrazolines
Authors: Yuan Cheng , Ning Xiaojun , Gao Tao , Zeng Zhigang , Lee Kevin , Xing Yalan , Sun Shaofa , Wang Gangqiang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA wide range of substituted spiro‐pyrazoline derivatives containing the pyrrolidinone core have been prepared by alkalic treatment of 3‐benzylidene succinimides and nitrile imines. All reactions proceeded under mild conditions and the products were isolated by column chromatography in good yields with high diastereoselectivity. Furthermore, this method featured several advantages such as good functional group tolerance and simple scalability.
Low untreated systolic blood pressure over 18 years is associated with survival free of dementia age 90+
Authors: Kuller Lewis H. , Snitz Beth E. , Hughes Timothy M. , Chang Yuefang , Cohen Ann D. , Mathis Chester A. , Aizenstein Howard J. , Lopez Oscar L. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionWe hypothesized that lower untreated systolic blood pressure (SBP) would be associated with a lower risk of dementia and death up to age 95.MethodsSBP measured between 2000 and 2006 was evaluated in relationship to dementia risk and brain biomarkers from 2009‐2020 (n = 177) in the Gingko Evaluation of Memory Study (GEMS), mean age 95 in 2020. Participants had measurements of brain amyloid beta (Aβ) and repeat clinical‐cognitive evaluations every 6 months.ResultsBy 2020, only 9 of 177 patients (5%) were alive and cognitively unimpaired (CU). Mean SBP from 2000 to 2006 was 120 mm Hg for nine alive/CU, 125 mm Hg for alive/mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 130 mm Hg for alive/dementia (P = .03). The amount of Aβ was directly related to SBP levels. In multivariate analysis, Aβ+ in 2009 and thinner cortex were significant predictors of dementia. Excluding Aβ, SBP became a significant predictor of dementia.DiscussionLow SBP untreated by antihypertensive medications was associated with significant decreased risk of dementia and less Aβ.
Photoswitchable Molecular Communication between Programmable DNA‐Based Artificial Membraneless Organelles
Authors: Zhao Qi‐Hong , Cao Fang‐Hao , Luo Zhen‐Hong , Huck Wilhelm T. S. , Deng Nan‐Nan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSpatiotemporal organization of distinct biological processes in cytomimetic compartments is a crucial step towards engineering functional artificial cells. Mimicking controlled bi‐directional molecular communication inside artificial cells remains a considerable challenge. Here we present photoswitchable molecular transport between programmable membraneless organelle‐like DNA coacervates in a synthetic microcompartment. We use droplet microfluidics to fabricate membraneless non‐fusing DNA coacervates by liquid‐liquid phase separation in a water‐in‐oil droplet, and employ the interior DNA coacervates as artificial organelles to imitate intracellular communication via photo‐regulated uni‐ and bi‐directional transfer of biomolecules. Our results highlight a promising new route to assembly of multicompartment artificial cells with functional networks.
Oligo(N‐methylalanine) as a Peptide‐Based Molecular Scaffold with a Minimal Structure and High Density of Functionalizable Sites
Authors: Yokomine Marin , Morimoto Jumpei , Fukuda Yasuhiro , Shiratori Yota , Kuroda Daisuke , Ueda Takumi , Takeuchi Koh , Tsumoto Kouhei , Sando Shinsuke 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFunctionalizable synthetic molecules with nanometer sizes and defined shapes in water are useful as molecular scaffolds to mimic the functions of biomacromolecules and develop chemical tools for manipulating biomacromolecules. Herein, we propose oligo(N‐methylalanine) (oligo‐NMA) as a peptide‐based molecular scaffold with a minimal structure and a high density of functionalizable sites. Oligo‐NMA forms a defined shape in water without hydrogen‐bonding networks or ring constraints, which enables the molecule to act as a scaffold with minimal atomic composition. Furthermore, functional groups can be readily introduced on the nitrogens and α‐carbons of oligo‐NMA. Computational and NMR spectroscopic analysis suggested that the backbone structure of oligo‐NMA is not largely affected by functionalization. Moreover, the usefulness of oligo‐NMA was demonstrated by the design of protein ligands. The ease of synthesis, minimal structure, and high functionalization flexibility makes oligo‐NMA a useful scaffold for chemical and biological applications.