bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring barriers to antiretroviral therapy adherence among pregnant women: A scoping literature review
Authors: Kalungwe Mwamba , Mbalinda Scovia Nalugo , Karonga Thamary , Simwanza Niza Rean , Mumba Mtambo Catherine M. , Nyashanu Mathew 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundAntiretroviral therapy (ART) is one of the most effective ways of preventing HIV‐related maternal mortality. However, the rates of retention in care and long‐term adherence remain extremely low.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to explore barriers to antiretroviral therapy adherence among pregnant women.Search strategyThe search for articles was conducted using EBSCO Host, PubMed, Google scholar, and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL).Selection criteriaThe studies included were conducted between 2000 and 2020 and covered barriers to antiretroviral therapy.Data collection and analysisData was collected from 8 selected articles and analyzed using Arksey and O’Malley five stages framework.Main resultsBarriers to antiretroviral therapy adherence included side effects of the therapy and financial constraints limiting access to food, transport, and medication. Other barriers included cultural and religious factors, lack of spouse support, stigma, and discrimination.ConclusionThere is need to support pregnant women undergoing antiretroviral therapy to mitigate barriers associated with the uptake of the therapy.
Splenic artery aneurysm in obstetrical patients: A series of four cases with different clinical presentation and outcome
Authors: Ornaghi Sara , Crippa Isabella , Di Nicola Sara , Giardini Valentina , La Milia Laura , Locatelli Luca , Corso Rocco , Roncaglia Nadia , Vergani Patrizia 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo describe four consecutive cases of splenic artery aneurysm (SAA) with different clinical patterns of presentation among obstetrical patients.MethodsA series of four cases of SAA diagnosed in pregnant or postpartum women at our University center between January 1998 and December 2020. Clinical and radiologic data were retrospectively obtained by reviewing paper and electronic medical records after acquiring patient’s consent.ResultsOne case was completely asymptomatic and incidentally identified at the beginning of pregnancy, thus allowing for multidisciplinary treatment. The other three cases were unknown: two manifested with maternal collapse due to aneurysm rupture in the third trimester of gestation, whereas one presented with acute abdominal pain during the postpartum period and was successfully managed before rupture occurred.ConclusionAlthough extremely rare, SAA rupture in obstetrical patients can be associated with dramatic consequences. Early suspicion and prompt intervention are essential to avoid fatal outcomes, so promotion of knowledge of all the potential clinical patterns of presentation of SAA rupture among obstetrical patients is mandatory.
Future of urban landscapes: A Florida perspective
Authors: Dukes Michael D. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAs urbanization in the world increases, irrigated landscapes have become common in the developing world, particularly the temperate and warm regions. Although these landscapes provide esthetic value, they can also consume resources such as potable water. In the United States, this consumption of water for a discretionary use has come into focus as water supplies continue to become limited. This reality will affect landscapes and the use of turfgrass in the future. There are several strategies that are likely to be used in future landscapes, such as smaller irrigated areas, less irrigated turfgrass, mandates on water‐efficient irrigation technology, irrigation water budgets, new drought‐resistant breeds, increased use of organic soil amendments, rainwater harvesting, and alternative water sources.
Infrared spectrometric biomarkers for ulcerative colitis screening using human serum samples
Authors: Ghimire Hemendra , Viennois Emilie , Hu Xinjie , Qin Gengsheng , Merlin Didier , Perera A. G. Unil 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study uses infrared spectrometry coupled with data analysis techniques to understand colitis‐induced alterations in the molecular components of serum samples. Using samples from 18 ulcerative colitis patients and 28 healthy volunteers, we assessed features such as absorbance values at wavenumbers of 1033 and 1076 cm−1, and the ratios at 1121 versus 1020 cm−1 and 1629 versus 1737 cm−1. Through the deconvolution of the amide I band, protein secondary structure analysis was performed. Colitis‐induced alterations are reflected as fluctuations in the vibrational modes, and are used to identify associated spectral signatures. The results of the study show statistically significant differences in five identifying spectral signatures. Among them, the sensitivity and specificity of the spectral signature, I1121/I1020, were 100% and 86%, respectively. These findings resemble our earlier proof‐of‐concept investigations in mouse models and provide preliminary evidence that this could be a reliable diagnostic test for human patients.
Determination of optimal concentration of vitamin E in polyethylene liners for producing minimal biological response to prosthetic wear debris
Authors: Matsumae Gen , Kida Hiroaki , Takahashi Daisuke , Shimizu Tomohiro , Ebata Taku , Yokota Shunichi , Alhasan Hend , Aly Mahmoud Khamis , Yutani Tomoyo , Uetsuki Keita , Terkawi Mohamad Alaa , Iwasaki Norimasa 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe introduction of vitamin E‐blended ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (VE‐UHMWPE) for use in prosthetic components of hip implants has resulted in the production of implants that have excellent mechanical properties and substantially less adverse cellular responses. Given the importance of a biological response to wear in the survival of a prosthesis, we generated wear debris from UHMWPE that had been prepared with different concentrations of vitamin E of 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, and 1% and evaluated their biological reaction in vitro and in vivo. All types of VE‐UHMWPE debris promoted a significantly lower expression of Tnf‐α in murine peritoneal macrophages than that induced by conventional UHMWPE debris. However, levels of Tnf‐α were not significantly different among the macrophages that were stimulated with VE‐UHMWPE wear at the concentrations tested. The ability of wear debris to induce inflammatory osteolysis was assessed in a mouse calvarial osteolysis model. The expressions of Tnf‐α, Il‐6, and Rankl in granulomatous tissue formed around the wear debris were significantly reduced in mice that had been implanted with 0.3%VE‐UHMWPE debris as compared to the corresponding values for mice that had been implanted with UHMWPE debris. Consistent with this finding, 0.3%VE‐UHMWPE debris showed the lowest osteolytic activity, as evidenced by the reduced bone resorption area, the degree of infiltration of inflammatory cells and the TRAP staining area. Our results suggested that a 0.3% vitamin E concentration is the most appropriate concentration for use in prosthetic components with a reduced adverse cellular response for prolonging the life‐span of the implant.
Effect of Oral Vitamin D3 Supplementation in Exclusively Breastfed Newborns: Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Lin Chao-Hsu , Lin Chien-Yu , Sung Yi-Hsiang , Li Sung-Tse , Cheng Bi-Wen , Weng Shun-Long , Chang Shing-Jyh , Lee Hung-Chang , Lee Yann-Jinn , Ting Wei-Hsin , Chang Hung-Yang , Wu Yi-Lei , Lin Chih-Sheng 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
Exclusively breastfed infants are at a high risk of vitamin D deficiency. Few studies have evaluated the effects of vitamin D supplementation. Hence, we conducted a prospective randomized controlled trial investigating the effects of oral vitamin D3 400 IU/d supplementation in exclusively breastfed newborns. Serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25[OH]D) levels in pregnant women and their newborns were evaluated. Breastfed newborns were randomized to one of two regimens at age 10 days. One group received vitamin D3 supplementation at a dose of 400 IU/d (vD-400 group), whereas the placebo group received a liquid product without vitamin D3. Outcomes were assessed at 4 months of age. A total of 92 pregnant women and their infants were enrolled, and the data of 72 infants (37 in the vD-400 group and 35 in the placebo group) who completed the study at 4 months of age were assessed. The results showed severe vitamin D deficiency in 15.2% of mothers before delivery, while 54.3% had vitamin D deficiency. Moreover, 15.2% of newborns presented with severe vitamin D deficiency at birth, while 52.2% had vitamin D deficiency. Maternal vitamin D levels were significantly correlated with infant vitamin D levels at birth (r = 0.816, p &lt; 0.001). At 4 months of age, weight, head circumference, serum 25(OH)D, phosphorus, and intact parathyroid hormone levels significantly differed between the vD-400 and placebo groups. However, the body length and bone mineral density of the two groups did not differ significantly. Regardless of vitamin D supplementation, participants with severe vitamin D deficiency had significantly higher intact parathyroid hormone levels and lower bone mineral content. In conclusion, among exclusively breastfed infants, oral supplementation with vitamin D3 at a dose of 400 IU/d from age 10 days increased 25(OH)D concentrations at 4 months of age, but it did not affect bone mineralization. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Analytical and clinical evaluation of DiaSorin Liaison® Calprotectin fecal assay adapted for serum samples
Authors: Macias‐Muñoz Laura , Frade‐Sosa Beatriz , Iniciarte‐Mundo Jose , Hidalgo Susana , Morla Rosa Maria , Gallegos Yadira , Sanmarti Raimon , Auge Josep Maria 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundCalprotectin is a calcium‐binding protein that can be measured in serum, plasma, and feces. Increased serum and plasma calprotectin concentrations have been found in chronic inflammatory rheumatic disorders. An analytical and clinical evaluation of the DiaSorin Liaison® fecal Calprotectin assay using LIAISON® XL was performed.MethodsThe protocol included an analytical and clinical evaluation in which imprecision, the linearity of dilution, differences between serum and plasma samples and method comparison with CalproLab™ ELISA kit were assessed. Serum calprotectin concentrations in active (n = 26) and remission (n = 23) rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients were compared.ResultsThe intra‐day and inter‐day analytical imprecision CVs ranged from 2.9% to 4.0% and 2.7% to 10.4%, respectively. Correlation between measured and expected values was high (R > 0.99), indicating good linearity. The Wilcoxon signed‐rank test showed that serum and plasma matched samples presented statistically significant differences (p < 0.001) being the highest concentrations of calprotectin observed in serum samples. Deming regression equation was as follows: Diasorin calprotectin (μg/ml) = −0.32 (95% CI: −0.65 ‐ −0.05) +1.58 (95% CI: 1.42–1.79).* Calprolab calprotectin (μg/ml). Significantly higher serum calprotectin levels were found in RA patients with active disease when compared to patients with low disease activity or in clinical remission (mean ± SD) [(3.35 μg/ml ± 1.55) vs. (1.63 μg/ml ± 0.52), p < 0.001] and these levels correlated well with all disease activity indices.ConclusionsThe DiaSorin Liaison® fecal Calprotectin assay adapted for serum samples showed adequate technical performances and the clinical performances were similar to other assays.
Detection of partial and/or complete Y chromosome microdeletions of azoospermia factor a (AZFa) sub‐region in infertile Iraqi patients with azoospermia and severe oligozoospermia
Authors: S. Al‐Ouqaili Mushtak T. , Al‐Ani Sahar K. , Alaany Rehab , Al‐Qaisi Mohammed N. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to analyze the incidence of azoospermia factor a (AZFa) microdeletions in the Y chromosome and their association with male infertility in a population with azoospermia and severe oligozoospermia from Iraq.MethodsA total of 75 infertile Iraqi males and 25 healthy controls were included in this study. The semen analysis was performed to determine the azoospermia, severe oligozoospermia, or normal cases. The AZFa microdeletions were investigated using the real‐time polymerase chain reaction (real‐time PCR). Then, AZFa sub‐region deletions were investigated by a conventional PCR.ResultsIn total, 40 men with azoospermia and 35 men with severe oligozoospermia were selected. Out of 75 infertile males, 46 (61.3%) individuals had AZFa microdeletions, of whom 32 (69.6%) had partial deletion, while 14 (30.4%) males had complete deletion using real‐time PCR. The frequency of microdeletions was significantly different between the infertile and control group (p‐value < 0.00001). The proportion of AZFa microdeletions appeared higher in azoospermia men (72.5%, n = 29/40) than severe oligozoospermia men (48.6%, n = 17/35), but based on the conventional PCR results, only one azoospermia patient (2.2%) was shown to have complete AZFa deletion, while the other 45 patients (97.8%) had partial AZFa deletions.ConclusionIn this study, the partial AZFa microdeletions were more numerous than complete AZFa deletion. According to our results, the AZFa microdeletions might be associated with male infertility and spermatogenic failure. It is recommended to investigate the AZFa sub‐region microdeletions in patients that shown AZFa microdeletions in primary screening.
Behavioral health service use post‐jail release and reduced risk of return to jail
Authors: Smith Joseph L. , Khatri Utsha G. , Olubiyi Oluwatoyin , Hadley Trevor , Lim Suet , Mandell David , Kang‐Yi Christina 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study examined whether behavioral health service use post‐jail release was associated with reduced risk of jail reincarceration. The study sample included 20,615 individuals who had behavioral health diagnoses and were released from the Philadelphia County jail. Using administrative records of the county jail and state‐, county‐, and Medicaid‐funded behavioral health service use from 2010 to 2018, we conducted Cox proportional hazard analyses to estimate the association between behavioral health service use post‐jail release and the risk of return to jail within 3 years. Nearly 50% of the sample returned to jail within 3 years. Individuals who used behavioral health services were 26%–38% less likely to return to jail within 3 years than were individuals who did not. The study results suggest that connecting individuals with behavioral health services upon release from jail can reduce the risk of repeated jail incarceration.
Multi‐institutional expert update on the use of laparoscopic bile duct exploration in the management of choledocholithiasis: Lesson learned from 3950 procedures
Authors: Lopez‐Lopez Víctor , Gil‐Vazquez Pedro José , Ferreras David , Nassar Ahmad H. M. , Bansal Virinder K. , Topal Baki , Zhu Jie‐Gao , Chuang Shu‐Hung , Jorba Rosa , Bekheit Mohamed , Martinez‐Cecilia David , Parra‐Membrives Pablo , Sgourakis Georgios , Mattila Anne , Bove Aldo , Quaresima Silvia , Barreras González Javier Ernesto , Sharma Anil , Ruiz Juan Jose , Sánchez‐Bueno Francisco , Robles‐Campos Ricardo , Martinez‐Isla Alberto 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundRecently there has been a growing interest in the laparoscopic management of common bile duct stones with gallbladder in situ (LBDE), which is favoring the expansion of this technique. Our study identified the standardization factors of LBDE and its implementation in the single‐stage management of choledocholithiasis.MethodsA retrospective multi‐institutional study among 17 centers with proven experience in LBDE was performed. A cross‐sectional survey consisting of a semi‐structured pretested questionnaire was distributed covering the main aspects on the use of LBDE in the management of choledocholithiasis.ResultsA total of 3950 LBDEs were analyzed. The most frequent indication was jaundice (58.8%). LBDEs were performed after failed ERCP in 15.2%. The most common approach used was the transcystic (63.11%). The overall series failure rate of LBDE was 4% and the median rate for each center was 6% (IQR, 4.5‐12.5). Median operative time ranged between 60‐120 min (70.6%). Overall morbidity rate was 14.6%, with a postoperative bile leak and complications ≥3a rate of 4.5% and 2.5%, respectively. The operative time decreased with experience (P = .03) and length of hospital stay was longer in the presence of a biliary leak (P = .04). Current training of LBDE was defined as poor or very poor by 82.4%.ConclusionBased on this multicenter survey, LBDE is a safe and effective approach when performed by experienced teams. The generalization of LBDE will be based on developing training programs.
Microbiological evaluation of whole, sliced, and freeze‐dried black truffles (Tuber melanosporum) under vacuum packaging and refrigerator storage
Authors: Phong Win Nee , Chang Steven , Payne Alan D. , Dykes Gary A. , Coorey Ranil 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundBlack truffle (Tuber melanosporum) is usually available in a form of a whole, offcut pieces (sliced to remove defects or broken from larger truffles) or freeze‐dried (one of the preservation methods), but there is insufficient knowledge about microbial spoilage of these products. The changes in the microbiology of whole, sliced, and freeze‐dried black truffles (Tuber melanosporum) were determined in this study. All truffle samples were vacuum‐packaged and stored at 4°C for 30 days and evaluated on day 0, 4, 8, 15, and 30. The total plate count, Pseudomonas spp. count, yeast, and mold count, as well as the presence of Listeria spp., Salmonella spp., and Bacillus spp., were examined.ResultsThe main finding of this study was that the total microbial count, Pseudomonas spp. count, and yeasts count associated with the freeze‐dried truffles were generally lower than that of the whole and sliced truffles. While mold, Listeria spp., and Salmonella spp. were not detected (<2.00 log CFU/g), Bacillus spp. were detected at a very low count in all sample types (<3.48 log CFU/g).ConclusionOverall, the results suggest the need to establish an effective decontamination treatment before packaging and storage to delay microbial spoilage.
Consensus on Triple Endoscopy Data Elements Preparatory to Development of an Aerodigestive Registry
Authors: Boesch Richard Paul , de Alarcon Alessandro , Piccione Joseph , Prager Jeremy , Rosen Rachel , Sidell Douglas R. , Wootten Christopher , Balakrishnan Karthik ,   Aerodigestive Research Collaborative
Published: February 2022

Objectives/HypothesisThis study defines essential data elements to be recorded during an aerodigestive “triple endoscopy” to form the foundation of a standardized multicenter registry and to clearly define measurement of each consensus item.Study DesignModified Delphi process.MethodsModified Delphi consensus with six survey rounds. Twenty‐four expert pediatric otolaryngology, pulmonology, and gastroenterology aerodigestive clinicians from eight large academic pediatric aerodigestive programs formed the Delphi panel. After achieving consensus through the Delphi process, outside validation was performed at 2019 national Aerodigestive Society conference. Consensus, near‐consensus, or exclusion was obtained for each proposed data element. Concordance was then measured between expert panel conclusions and validation group conclusions.ResultsOverall response rate was 94.4%. 73/167 proposed items reached consensus in six domains (flexible bronchoscopy, bronchoalveolar lavage, microdirect laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy, esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsies, and esophageal impedance and pH probe). Measurement of all items was defined; classification/grading systems were selected for 11 items. Validation group endorsed importance of 82/167 data items; compared to expert consensus, overall, inclusion, and exclusion concordance rates were 94.5%, 98.7%, and 90.9%.ConclusionTriple endoscopy is a central component of aerodigestive care. This study identifies and defines data elements to be recorded for all triple endoscopy procedures. The list is of usable length, and clear definitions were created for all items, with explicit classification/grading systems selected for 11 items. Face validity was confirmed with an independent multispecialty sample of aerodigestive providers. This consensus provides the foundation for a triple endoscopy registry but also is immediately applicable to standardize clinical documentation in aerodigestive care.Level of Evidence5 Laryngoscope, 132:2251–2258, 2022
Reversible Controlling the Supramolecular Chirality of Side Chain Azobenzene Polymers: Chiral Induction and Modulation
Authors: Li Guangyao , Xu Mingcong , Zhang Siyu , Yang Guang , Li Wei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractChirality represents a fundamental structure in nature and the induction and reversible modulation of supramolecular chirality with feasible techniques is of great value in the design of new chiroptical smart materials. Herein, two kinds of azobenzene side‐chain polymers (without spacer: Azo‐PMA0; with 6 spacers: Azo‐PMA6) are synthesized, the length of spacer and azobenzene chromophores play a vital role in chirality transfer and modulation. The supramolecular chiral arrangement of Azo‐PMA0 (amorphous phase) can be completely controlled and reversibly modulated over multiple cycles by 450 nm circularly polarized light driven by the supramolecular interaction between azo groups of polymer chains, with an absorption dissymmetry factor (g) value of 0.0019. The chiroptical properties of Azo‐PMA6 (liquid crystal state) can also be reversibly modulated by UV light and thermal annealing treatment during trans‐cis isomerization of azo chromophore, with the g‐value changes from 0–0.038. The successful construction of reversible chiral induction and modulation based on side chain azobenzene polymers may pave the way for designing photo‐switchable functional materials.
Self‐Supporting Electrocatalyst Film Based on Self‐Assembly of Heterogeneous Bottlebrush and Polyoxometalate for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Lin Yayu , Zhu Youlong , Ma Qian , Ke Xianlan , Ma Pengwei , Liao Rongfeng , Liu Shaohong , Wu Dingcai 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDeveloping efficient electrocatalysts to promote the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is essential for a green and sustainable future energy supply. For practical applications, it is a challenge to achieve the self‐assembly of electrocatalyst from microscopic to macroscopic scales. Herein, a facile strategy is proposed to fabricate a self‐supporting electrocatalyst film (CNT‐g‐PSSCo/PW12) for HER by electrostatic interaction‐induced self‐assembly of cobalt polystyrene sulfonate‐grafted carbon nanotube heterogeneous bottlebrush (CNT‐g‐PSSCo) and polyoxometalate (PW12). Co2+ ions of CNT‐g‐PSSCo can function as junctions for interconnecting neighboring bottlebrushes to form the 3D nanonetwork structure and enable electrostatic capture of negatively charged PW12 nanodots. Moreover, CNT backbones can provide highly conductive pathways to CNT‐g‐PSSCo/PW12. Such a self‐assembled CNT‐g‐PSSCo/PW12 displays a low overpotential of 31 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 and a small Tafel slope of 25 mV dec−1, showing high efficiency toward HER. Furthermore, CNT‐g‐PSSCo/PW12 with a stable self‐supporting film morphology exhibits long‐term electrocatalytic stability over 1000 CV cycles without noticeable overpotential change in acidic media. The findings may provide a new avenue for constructing self‐assembled functional nanonetwork materials with well‐orchestrated structural hierarchy for many applications in energy, environment, catalysis, medicine, and others.