bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three tests of the Vulnerability-Stress-Adaptation Model: Independent prediction, mediation, and generalizability
Authors: Ross Jaclyn M. , Nguyen Teresa P. , Karney Benjamin R. , Bradbury Thomas N. 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveEfforts to understand why some marriages thrive while others falter are (a) not well integrated conceptually and (b) rely heavily on data collected from White middle-class samples. The Vulnerability-Stress-Adaptation Model (VSA; Karney and Bradbury, 1995) is used here to integrate prior efforts and is tested using data collected from couples living with low incomes.BackgroundThe VSA Model assumes (a) that enduring vulnerabilities, stress, and couple communication account for unique variance in relationship satisfaction, (b) that communication mediates the effects of vulnerabilities and stress on satisfaction, and (c) that the predictors of satisfaction generalize across socioeconomic levels. To date, these assumptions remain untested.Materials and methodsWith 388 couples from diverse backgrounds (88% Black or Hispanic), we used latent variable structural equation models to examine enduring vulnerabilities, chronic stress, and observed communication as predictors of 4-wave, 27-month satisfaction trajectories, first as main effects and then interacting with a validated 10-item index of sociodemographic risk.Results(a) The three variable sets independently predict satisfaction trajectories; (b) couple communication does not mediate the effects of enduring vulnerabilities or stress on satisfaction; and (c) in 19% of tests, effects were stronger among couples with higher sociodemographic risk.ConclusionEffects of established predictor domains on satisfaction replicate in a diverse sample of newlywed couples, and most findings generalize across levels of sociodemographic risk. The failure of couple communication to mediate effects of enduring personal vulnerabilities and stress raises new questions about how these two domains undermine committed partnerships.
Comparative efficacy of face-to-face and internet-based cognitive behavior therapy for generalized anxiety disorder: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhang Wenle , Du Yun , Yang Xiangyun , Wang Encong , Fang Jiexin , Liu Ziqi , Wu Shanqian , Liu Qinqin , Hu Yongdong 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveThe study aimed to ascertain the comparative efficacy of these two forms on reducing anxiety scores of scales in patients with a generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) by examining the available evidence for face-to-face cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) and internet-based cognitive behavior therapy (ICBT). Moreover, this study attempted to determine whether ICBT can obtain similar benefits as CBT for GAD patients during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to the quarantine policy and the requirement of social distance.MethodsThis meta-analysis was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) according to the guidelines in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses statement (registration number CRD42021241938). Therefore, a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining CBT or ICBT was conducted in this study to treat GAD patients diagnosed with DMS-IV. The researchers searched PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for relevant studies published from 2000 to July 5, 2022. Evidence from RCTs was synthesized by Review Manager 5.4 as mean difference (MD) for change in scores of scales through a random-effects meta-analysis.ResultsA total of 26 trials representing 1,687 participants were pooled. The results demonstrated that ICBT and CBT were very close in the effect size of treating GAD (MD = −2.35 vs. MD = −2.79). Moreover, they still exhibited a similar response (MD = −3.45 vs. MD = −2.91) after studies with active control were removed.ConclusionRegarding the treatment of GAD, ICBT can achieve a similar therapeutic effect as CBT and could be CBT's candidate substitute, especially in the COVID-19 pandemic era, since the internet plays a crucial role in handling social space constraints.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=241938, identifier CRD42021241938.
Emotional Dysregulation and Trauma Symptoms Mediate the Relationship Between Childhood Abuse and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury in Adolescents
Authors: Andersson Hedvig , Aspeqvist Erik , Dahlström Örjan , Svedin Carl Göran , Jonsson Linda S. , Landberg Åsa , Zetterqvist Maria 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundNonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is common in adolescents. Emotion dysregulation has been identified as a core mechanism in the development and maintenance of NSSI and it is therefore an important target when addressing NSSI. The pathogenic connection between different kinds of childhood abuse, difficulties in emotion regulation and NSSI needs further investigation. The objective of this study was to examine whether difficulties with emotion regulation and trauma symptoms, separately and together, mediate the relationships between sexual, physical and emotional abuse and NSSI.MethodCross-sectional data was collected from 3,169 adolescent high-school students aged 16–19 years (M = 18.12, SD = 0.45). Data from self-reported experiences of childhood abuse, current difficulties with emotion regulation (measured with the Difficulties with Emotion Regulation Scale, DERS-16) and trauma symptoms (measured with the Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children, TSCC), and NSSI were collected. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to test the proposed relationships between variables.ResultsThe prevalence of life-time NSSI was 27.4%. Prevalence of reported childhood abuse was 9.2, 17.5, and 18.0% for sexual, physical, and emotional abuse, respectively. Childhood abuse, difficulties with emotion regulation and trauma symptoms exhibited significant positive associations with NSSI in adolescents. Emotional dysregulation and trauma symptoms were both found to mediate the relationship between childhood abuse and NSSI. Latent variable models were found to fit data well.ConclusionResults indicate that increased levels of emotional dysregulation and trauma symptoms in relation to childhood abuse contribute to the increased risk of NSSI. Further, results point to some aspects of emotional dysregulation and trauma symptoms being more important in this regard. Clinical implications are discussed.
FASE-family and social engagement model for prevention and management of self harm behavior–a study protocol for cluster randomized control trial in India
Authors: Devassy Saju Madavanakadu , Scaria Lorane , Benny Anuja Maria , Cheguvera Natania , Varghese Jaicob , Joubert Lynette 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundSuicide is a substantial public health concern for countries worldwide. Effective preventive and curative interventions for self-harm behavior (SHB) are imperative for nations with an alarmingly high rate of suicide and self-harm behaviors. The intervention protocol named FASE (Family and Social Engagement) consists of comprehensive assessment, Attachment-Based Family Therapy (ABFT), and community linkages for people presenting with suicide or self-harm in emergency departments of tertiary hospitals.MethodsThis article reports the design and protocol for a cluster randomized control trial for suicide prevention and management. After the developed intervention is pilot tested in a tertiary hospital in Kerala, the intervention will be scaled up to be implemented in various tertiary hospitals in Kerala. Each hospital emergency department will be considered a cluster, and these clusters will be randomized to the intervention group and control group in a 1:1 ratio. The eligible people from the intervention clusters will undergo a baseline assessment, a structured moderate intense intervention with twelve sessions spread across 6 months by the trained social workers supervised by the Mental health team, and a follow-up assessment at the end. Participants will be recruited after obtaining consent and explaining the study. The primary outcome includes suicidality measured by the Depressive Symptom Inventory–Suicidality Subscale (DSI-SS), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS), MOS Social Support Survey, and Brief resilience scale (BRS).DiscussionKnowledge generated from this trial can significantly affect new programmatic policy and clinical guidelines that will improve the reduction of suicide rates in the country.Trial registrationProspectively registered in Clinical Trial Registry India (ICMR-NIMS) on 18/10/2021 (ref number- REF/2021/10/048264).
Problematic substance use and its associated factors among street youth in Bahir Dar city, Ethiopia
Authors: Shegaw Maregu , Fekadu Wubalem , Beka Michael , Menberu Melake , Yohannes Kalkidan , Yimer Solomon , Seid Mohammed , Necho Mogesie , Moges Solomon , Anbesaw Tamrat 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundProblematic substance use is becoming a common problem in marginalized groups such as street youths. However, there is a dearth of studies on the prevalence and factors associated with problematic substance use among street youth in Ethiopia.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of problematic substance use and identify its associated factors among street youth.MethodsThis community-based cross-sectional study was conducted between June and July 2020. A total of 252 participants were included in this study. Systematic random sampling was used to recruit participants. Cut down, annoyed, guilty feeling, and eye opening-adapted to include drugs (CAGE-AIDs) were used to assess problematic substance use. The data were entered into epidata and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Logistic regression with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to show the strength of association. A p-value &lt; 0.5 was statistically significant.ResultsThe prevalence of problematic substance use was 55.8%, 95% CI (49–63%). Peer pressure [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 3.01, 95% CI: 1.38, 6.59], family conflict [AOR = 5.05, 95% CI: 1.67, 15.25], physical abuse [AOR = 2.56, 95% CI: 1.11, 5.84], and substance use in the family [AOR = 2.85, 95% CI: 1.29, 6.27] were the factors significantly associated with problematic substance use.ConclusionThe prevalence of problematic substance use was high. It was also found that peer pressure, family conflict, substance use in the family, and physical abuse were the factors associated with problematic substance use. Therefore, proper screening and intervention for individuals with problematic substance use are needed, and further research should be conducted for marginalized groups.
Predictors of functional impairment and awareness in people with dementia, mild cognitive impairment and healthy older adults from a middle-income country
Authors: Hartle Larissa , Mograbi Daniel C. , Fichman Helenice Charchat , Faria Camila Assis , Sanchez Maria Angélica , Ribeiro Pricila C. C. , Lourenço Roberto Alves 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the demographic, clinical and cognitive correlates of functional capacity and its awareness in people with dementia (PwD; n = 104), mild cognitive impairment (PwMCI; n = 45) and controls (healthy older adults; n = 94) in a sample from a middle-income country.MethodsDementia and MCI were diagnosed, respectively, with DSM-IV and Petersen criteria. Performance in activities of daily living (ADL) at three different levels [basic (The Katz Index of Independence), instrumental (Lawton instrumental ADL scale) and advanced (Reuben’s advanced ADL scale)], measured through self- and informant-report, as well as awareness (discrepancy between self- and informant-report), were compared between groups. Stepwise regression models explored predictors of ADL and their awareness.ResultsPwD showed impairment in all ADL levels, particularly when measured through informant-report. No differences were seen between controls and PwMCI regardless of measurement type. PwD differed in awareness of instrumental and basic, but not of advanced ADL, compared to controls. Age, gender, education and fluency were the most consistent predictors for ADL. Diagnosis was a significant predictor only for instrumental ADL. Awareness of basic ADL was predicted by memory, and awareness of instrumental ADL was predicted by general cognitive status, educational level, and diagnosis.ConclusionResults reinforce the presence of lack of awareness of ADL in PwD. Use of informant-reports and cognitive testing for fluency are suggested for the clinical assessment of ADL performance. Finally, assessment of instrumental ADL may be crucial for diagnostic purposes.
Identifying factors associated with COVID-19 related deaths during the first wave of the pandemic in Europe
Authors: Klement Rainer Johannes , Walach Harald 
Published: July 2022

AimTo clarify the high variability in COVID-19-related deaths during the first wave of the pandemic, we conducted a modeling study using publicly available data.Materials and methodsWe used 13 population- and country-specific variables to predict the number of population-standardized COVID-19-related deaths in 43 European countries using generalized linear models: the test-standardized number of SARS-CoV-2-cases, population density, life expectancy, severity of governmental responses, influenza-vaccination coverage in the elderly, vitamin D status, smoking and diabetes prevalence, cardiovascular disease death rate, number of hospital beds, gross domestic product, human development index and percentage of people older than 65 years.ResultsWe found that test-standardized number of SARS-CoV-2-cases and flu vaccination coverage in the elderly were the most important predictors, together with vitamin D status, gross domestic product, population density and government response severity explaining roughly two-thirds of the variation in COVID-19 related deaths. The latter variable was positively, but only weakly associated with the outcome, i.e., deaths were higher in countries with more severe government response. Higher flu vaccination coverage and low vitamin D status were associated with more COVID-19 related deaths. Most other predictors appeared to be negligible.ConclusionAdequate vitamin D levels are important, while flu-vaccination in the elderly and stronger government response were putative aggravating factors of COVID-19 related deaths. These results may inform protection strategies against future infectious disease outbreaks.
Effect of an interprofessional small-group communication skills training incorporating critical incident approaches in an acute care and rehabilitation clinic specialized for spinal cord injury and disorder
Authors: Scheel-Sailer Anke , Eich Stephanie , Jelmoni Luca , Lampart Patricia , Schwitter Michael , Sigrist-Nix Diana , Langewitz Wolf 
Published: July 2022

AimTo investigate the impact of site-specific inter-professional small-group communication skills training (CST) that incorporates critical incident approaches to learning on patient satisfaction with communication.SettingRehabilitation clinic specialized for spinal cord injury/disorder (SCI/D).MethodsRetrospective observational cohort study design using patient and health-professional self-report data. Data for patient satisfaction with communication were collected in 2014 (existing records) and each year from 2015 to 2021 (post-program; volunteers) using the MECON survey.ResultsFifteen basic (n = 161 participants), 16 refresher (n = 84), and five short (n = 17) CST seminars were conducted. Overall, 262 employees (105 physicians, 63 nurses, 36 physio- and occupational therapists, and 58 others) participated; 92 participants (response rate 37.6%) responded to feedback surveys. They rated the seminars positive concerning the alternation between theory, discussion, and practical exercise in 91.3%, and rated the length of the training ideal in 80.2%. Post-program patient satisfaction overall increased from 83.1% (confidence interval (CI) 2.6%) to 90% (CI 0.8%; R2 = 0.776; p= 0.004). It was higher in specific communication-related topics: “receiving information” (81.1%, CI 3.1–90.2%, CI 1.0%; p = 0.003), “being able to bring in concerns” (83%, CI 1.0–90.8%; R2 = 0.707; p = 0.009) and “being treated with respect” (89.4%, CI 2.6–94.4%, CI 0.8%; R2 = 0.708; p = 0.004).Practice implicationsInter-professional CST is feasible and well accepted by professionals from various professional groups. During seven years of continuous training, independent patient ratings of satisfaction with professional communication have improved significantly. Participants attest to the training's high credibility and usefulness in everyday life.
factors of children's reading in an online course
Authors: Quilumba Galeano Katheryn Aracely , Ocaña Garzón Mauro Hernán , Flores Cisneros Graciela del Rocío 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
Nowadays today’s era, children generally prefer to technological tools rather than reading a book, and parents rarely decide how their children use technology to support reading development. However, you can choose to use technological means to encourage the development of the reading habits. Therefore, the general objective is to create an online platform to encourage reading children's stories since reading is a fundamental skill to achieve academic success. A quantitative method of main component analysis was applied, using the platform weblogs, questionnaires, and data collection according to the proposed activities' interactions with navigation records of 515 children between the age of five and nine years. The results show that short stories can reinforce reading comprehension and students' interest in reading. Also, the use of platforms can be a good option, if it has good content, age-appropriate aesthetics, and activities that attract users' attention.
KEYWORDS: Media; technology; reading; books; platforms.
Los factores de la lectura infantil en un curso online
RESUMEN
En la era actual, los niños generalmente prefieren usar herramientas tecnológicas en lugar de leer un libro, y los padres rara vez deciden cómo sus hijos usan la tecnología para apoyar el desarrollo de la lectura. Sin embargo, puede optar por utilizar medios tecnológicos para fomentar el desarrollo de los hábitos de lectura. Por tanto, el objetivo general es crear una plataforma online para incentivar la lectura de cuentos infantiles ya que la lectura es una habilidad fundamental para lograr el éxito académico. Se aplicó un método cuantitativo de análisis de componentes principales, utilizando la plataforma weblogs, cuestionarios y recolección de datos de acuerdo con las interacciones de las actividades propuestas con los registros de navegación de 515 niños de entre cinco y nueve años. Los resultados muestran que los cuentos pueden reforzar la comprensión lectora y el interés de los estudiantes por la lectura. Además, el uso de plataformas puede ser una buena opción, siempre que cuente con buen contenido, estética adecuada a la edad y actividades que atraigan la atención de los usuarios.
PALABRAS CLAVE: Medios; tecnología; lectura; libros; plataformas.
Incentivo a la cultura turística aplicado a estudiantes del tercer año de Bachillerato de la Unidad Educativa Misahualli
Authors: Benavides Pérez Danny Israel 
Published: July 2022

La investigación se elaboró para fomentar la cultura turística en los estudiantes de tercer año de bachillerato de la Unidad Educativa Misahuallí, siendo la población relativamente apta para adquirir nuevos conocimientos acerca de la cultura turística dado que es un término poco conocido a nivel académico, el objetivo general fue elaborar un programa de capacitación para fomentar la cultura turística en los estudiantes de tercer año de bachillerato de la Unidad Educativa Misahuallí, la población estuvo integrada por 44 individuos, para la presente se empleó la investigación experimental ya que se trabajó con la misma población como un grupo dependiente apareado y como grupo de control para aplicar la capacitación. La capacitación realizada a los estudiantes de la Unidad Educativa Misahualli fomentó la cultura turística, siendo comprobada por las diferencias significativas entre las medias de los resultados obtenidos de los diagnósticos aplicados a los estudiantes antes y después de recibir la capacitación. Se usaron pruebas estadísticas no paramétricas para su debida comprobación, y se llegó a concluir que la capacitación dio frutos porque fomento la cultura turística en la mayoría de los estudiantes y se comprobó la hipótesis del investigador.
PALABRAS CLAVE: cultura; cultura turística; capacitación; fomento; experimental.
Promotion of tourism culture through training applied to third year high school students of the Misahualli Educational Unit
ABSTRACT
The research was developed to promote tourism culture in third year high school students of the Misahualli Educational Unit, being the population relatively apt to acquire new knowledge and more if it is a term little known at the academic level as is the tourism culture, The general objective was to elaborate a training program to promote tourism culture in the third year high school students of the Misahualli Educational Unit, the population consisted of 44 individuals, we worked with the type of experimental research since we worked with the same population as a paired dependent group and also as a control group to apply the training. The training to the students of the Misahualli Educational Unit promoted the tourist culture, being proven by the significant differences between the means of the results obtained from the diagnostics applied to the students before and after receiving the training. Using statistical tests in the SPSS computer tool, version 25.0, to test the researcher's hypothesis.
KEYWORDS: culture; tourism culture; training; promotion; experimental.