bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A moderated-mediation model of individual learning and commitment: part I
Authors: Somaskandan Karthikeyan , Arulandu Savarimuthu , Parayitam Satyanarayana 
Published: March 2022

Purpose
This study aims to develop a conceptual model linking the relationship between individual learning, organizational learning and organizational commitment. A multi-layered conceptual model involving three dimensions of organizational commitment: normative, affective and continuance, and individual and organizational learning is presented.

Design/methodology/approach
The two well-known theories – organizational learning theory and organizational commitment theory – have been combined to systematically explain the importance of the interaction of variables benefitting both individuals and organizations. As learning involves change, a climate of organizational learning would foster connectivity of structure, people and process. At the same time, when an individual expands his learning and gets necessary skills, it is more likely they get connected to the organization and increase their level of commitment. In this study, the authors develop a conceptual model, and the authors apply this to the health-care industry and provide the results in the second paper.

Findings
The authors postulate that (i) individual learning will be positively related to organizational learning and continuance commitment; (ii) organizational learning will be positively related to continuance commitment; and (iii) organizational learning mediates the relationship between individual learning and continuance commitment. Furthermore, they also postulate that (i) normative commitment and affective commitment moderate the relationship between organizational learning and continuance commitment; and (ii) three-way interaction between organizational learning, normative commitment and affective commitment will strengthen continuance commitment of employees.

Research limitations/implications
The conceptual model can be applied to organizations from any industry. In the second part, the authors would test the model to the health-care industry and provide the results.

Practical implications
This study contributes to both practicing managers and the literature on organizational learning and organizational commitment. The study suggests that managers in work organizations need to promote a climate for enhancing learning so that employees remain committed to completing their job and contributing to organizational effectiveness. The results of this study highlight the importance of all three dimensions of organizational commitment: affective, normative and continuance.

Originality/value
This study provides new insights in understanding complex interactions between three dimensions of commitment in contributing to organizational performance. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the multilayered model showing three-way interactions between the three dimensions of organizational commitment is the first of its kind and is a novel idea.
Bronchial inflammation biomarker patterns link humoral immunodeficiency with bronchiectasis‐related small airway dysfunction
Authors: Zissler Ulrich M. , Thron Aljoscha , Eckrich Jonas , Bakhtiar Shahrzad , Schubert Ralf , Zielen Stefan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe progression of chronic destructive lung disease in patients with humoral immunodeficiency (ID) and concomitant development of bronchiectasis is difficult to prevent. Lung function tests in these patients typically show bronchial obstruction of the small airways in combination with increased air trapping in the distal airways, which is consistent with small airway dysfunction.ObjectiveThe objective was to assess the grade of chronic lower airway inflammation and small airway dysfunction from induced sputum and the corresponding local pro‐inflammatory mediator pattern to discriminate patients affected by bronchiectasis‐related Small Airway Dysfunction (SAD).MethodsIn a prospective design, 22 patients with ID (14 CVID, 3 XLA, 3 hyper‐IgM syndrome, 1 hyper‐IgE syndrome and low IgG levels due to treatment with rituximab and 1 SCID after BMT and persistent humoral defect) and 21 healthy controls were examined. Lung function, Fraction Expiratory Nitric Oxide (FeNO) and pro‐inflammatory cytokine levels were compared in subsets of patients with (ID + BE) and without bronchiectasis (ID) pre‐stratified using high‐resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scans and control subjects.ResultsAnalysis of induced sputum showed significantly increased total cell counts and severe neutrophilic inflammation in ID. The concomitant SAD revealed higher total cell numbers compared to ID. Bronchial inflammation in ID is clearly mirrored by pro‐inflammatory mediators IL‐1β, IL‐6 and CXCL‐8, whilst TNF‐α revealed a correlation with lung function parameters altered in the context of bronchiectasis‐related Small Airway Dysfunction.ConclusionsIn spite of immunoglobulin substitution, bronchial inflammation was dominated by neutrophils and was highly increased in patients with ID + BE. Notably, the pro‐inflammatory cytokines in patients with ID were significantly increased in induced sputum. The context‐dependent cytokine pattern in relation to the presence of concomitant bronchiectasis associated with SAD in ID patients could be helpful in delimiting ID patient subgroups and individualizing therapeutic approaches.
‘You need to understand the extent of the bubble we grew up in’: The religio‐cultural aspects of sibling's sexual dynamics—Perspectives of Orthodox Jewish adults
Authors: Marmor Amitai , Gemara Netanel , Lusky‐Weisrose Efrat , Tener Dafna 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe term ‘sibling sexual dynamics’ (SSD) describes (in this study) a continuum of childhood sexual behaviours that are inconsistent with age‐appropriate curiosity and can include abuse (SSA). The present qualitative study, based on 20 semi‐structured interviews, conducts an analysis via constructivist grounded theory on the perspectives of adults who, as children in the Orthodox Jewish community, experienced sexual interactions with one or more of their siblings. Ultimately, the goal is to deepen the understanding of the religio‐cultural aspects of SSD in this cultural context. The findings reveal three main themes: (1) taboos, both those relating to intrafamilial sexual encounters and the religious taboo around sexuality in general; (2) family hierarchic dynamics, including gender‐based hierarchies; and (3) religious prohibition, a concept that the participants perceive as influencing their modes of thought and logic. The study highlights the need for practitioners to attend to the double ambiguity arising from the sibling and religious contexts. Additionally, we suggest that distinguishing between religious and interpretative socio‐cultural factors may provide practitioners with a path to create a dialogue with clients, individuals and religious leaders within the community around issues that may constitute risk for sibling sexual acts and abuse.
Efficacy of topical steroids for the treatment of olfactory disorders caused by COVID‐19: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Kim Do Hyun , Kim Sung Won , Kang Minju , Hwang Se Hwan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the effect of topical steroids on acute‐onset olfactory dysfunction in patients infected with COVID‐19.Design and SettingSystematic review and meta‐analysis of cohort studies.ParticipantsPatients infected with COVID‐19.Main outcome measuresPubMed, Embase, the Web of Science, SCOPUS, Cochrane database and Google Scholar were searched for articles up to September 2021. We analysed studies comparing the improvement of olfactory dysfunction between topical steroid treatment and control groups (placebo or no treatment). In addition, we performed a subgroup analysis by study type.ResultsThe improvement of olfactory score at 2 (standardised mean difference [SMD] = 0.7272, 95% confidence interval = [0.3851, 1.0692], p < .0001, I2 = 62.1%) and 4 weeks post‐treatment (SMD = 1.0440 [0.6777, 1.4102], p < .0001, I2 = 61.2%) was statistically greater in the treatment than control group. However, there was no significant difference (odds ratio [OR] = 1.4345 [0.9525, 2.1604], p = .0842, I2 = 45.4%) in the incidence of fully recovery from anosmia/hyposmia between the treatment and control groups. In subgroup analysis, there were no significant differences in the improvement of olfactory score at 4 weeks post‐treatment (OR = 0.6177 [0.1309, 1.1045] vs. 0.1720 [0.8002, 1.5438], p = .0761) or the incidence of full recovery from anosmia/hyposmia (OR = 1.8478 [0.6092, 5.6053] vs. 1.3784 [0.8872, 2.1414], p = .8038) between randomised and non‐randomised controlled trials.ConclusionsAlthough this meta‐analysis found that topical steroids improved the acute‐onset olfactory dysfunction caused by COVID‐19, there was no difference in the rate of full olfactory recovery between treated and control patients.
Is elevation a strong environmental filter? Combining taxonomy, functional traits and phylogeny of butterflies in a tropical mountain
Authors: Henriques Nathália Ribeiro , Lourenço Giselle Martins , Diniz Écio Souza , Cornelissen Tatiana 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEnvironmental filters select species that tolerate and respond to habitat conditions similarly. By combining taxonomy, functional traits and phylogeny, we aimed to understand the spatial distribution of a tropical butterfly community, evaluating whether elevation acts as an environmental filter strong enough to select flight‐related traits.Frugivorous and nectarivorous butterflies were sampled with nets at seven altitudinal bands (800–1400 m) in four sampling periods. We tested seven flight‐related traits (wing length, width, and area; thorax volume; wing:thorax ratio [WTR]length, WTRwidthand WTRarea) and incorporated the effects of phylogeny in the relationships among these traits and with elevation.Butterfly diversity decreased with increased elevation, and four traits exhibited larger values at higher elevations: wing length, width, area and WTRarea.This suggests that butterflies tended to have smaller wings and robust bodies at lower elevations, and larger wings with slender bodies at higher elevations, possibly related to flight speed or wind conditions. Although the phylogenetic relatedness did not exert significant weight in the traits and elevation, we found indication of phylogenetic conservatism of wing area and WTR.Butterflies in mountains experience a strong selection by several environmental filters related to flight performance, and our study demonstrated a robust relationship between elevation, flight‐related traits and species distribution. These relationships occurred regardless of phylogenetic relatedness, but most traits are conserved and exhibit resemblance in the phylogenetic lineages of these species. These findings suggest an influence of a widespread filter promoted by the elevational gradient with convergent trait evolution.
Adapting a conceptual framework to engage diverse stakeholders in genomic/precision medicine research
Authors: Watson Karriem S. , Cohn Elizabeth G. , Fair Alecia , Menon Usha , Szalacha Laura A. , Carpenter Selena M. , Wilkins Consuelo H. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionGenomic/precision medicine offers a remarkable opportunity to improve health and address health disparities. Genomic medicine is the study of genes and their interaction with health. Precision medicine is an approach to disease prevention and treatment that considers individual variability in genes, environment and lifestyle. Conclusions from studies lacking diversity may hinder generalizability as genomic variation occurs within and between populations. Historical factors, such as medical mistrust, ethical issues related to decision making, and data sharing pose complex challenges that may further widen inequities in genomic/precision medicine if not appropriately addressed. Although few biomedical studies integrate priorities of community partners into their conceptual framework, effective implementation of genomic/precision medicine research calls for the involvement of diverse stakeholders to expand traditional unidirectional models of engagement in clinical research towards authentic bidirectional collaboration.MethodsA multipronged approach was used integrating an evidence‐based literature review and best practices in developing and evaluating the engagement of diverse stakeholders in genomic and precision medicine research. This was combined with expert consensus building to adapt a conceptual model from a community engagement framework to addressing genomics to be scalable to engagement science, which is challenging to genomic/precision medicine research.ResultsThe final enhanced conceptual framework is composed of four overarching dimensions now inclusive of domains in trust, exploitation, discrimination, privacy risk, stigmatization, prior harms/injustices, failure to recognize coexisting governments, intersectionality and research transformation. This conceptual framework proposes effective participant research engagement strategies for upstream relationship building, distinct from downstream recruitment strategies in which the goal is enrolment.ConclusionTo further shape the evolution of genomic/precision medicine research, it is important to leverage existing partnerships, engage participants beyond recruitment and embrace diverse perspectives.Patient or Public ContributionIn preparation of this manuscript, the perspectives of the community partners on the impact of engaging in genomic/precision medicine research beyond research participation were integrated into this conceptual framework from various guided listening sessions held in diverse communities.
Triplet pregnancy with hydatidiform mole: A report of two cases with literature review
Authors: Sheng Qing‐Jing , Wang Yu‐Mei , Wang Bei‐Ying , Shuai Wen , He Xiao‐Ying 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimWe present two cases of triplet pregnancy with complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) in contrasting outcomes and discuss the complications of mothers and outcomes of fetuses through a literature review, raising an important issue on the management of this special pregnancy.MethodsWe share our manage experience for two cases of triplet pregnancy with CHM and retrospectively analyze 18 similar pregnancies reported previously with different pregnancy outcomes.ResultsIn our cases, one case receiving Clomiphene ovulation induction delivered two live fetuses by cesarean section at 30+ weeks without GTN (gestational trophoblastic neoplasia), unfortunately, the other case following ICSI‐ET terminated the pregnancy in the setting of complications at 18+ weeks without GTN. No severe complications were detected during pregnancy and no pGTD was developed after delivery in neither of the pregnant.ConclusionsCo‐existing complete hydatidiform mole in multiple pregnancies may become more common owing to the spreading use of ART. The decision for whether continue pregnancy depending on the personalized conditions including the complications of the pregnancy, the outcomes of the fetuses, the gestational age for delivery, and the potential progression of persistent gestational trophoblastic disease (pGTD). Furthermore, close monitor is necessary for the pregnant with triplet pregnancy with CHM who want to continue pregnancy.
Dry heating, moist heating, and microwave irradiation of cold‐climate‐adapted barley grain—Effects on ruminant‐relevant carbohydrate and molecular structural spectral profiles
Authors: Feng Xin , Prates Luciana L. , Rodríguez Espinosa María E. , Peng Quanhui , Zhang Huihua , Zhang Weixian , Yu Peiqiang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDifferent feed processing techniques affect barley digestibility and nutrient utilization in ruminants. To our knowledge, there are few studies on the interactive relationship between carbohydrate molecular structure profiles of cool‐season‐adapted barley grain and nutritional characteristics for ruminants. The objectives of this study were: (1) to investigate the effect of different technological processing methods on carbohydrate chemical profiles, Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System—carbohydrate subfractions, ruminal and intestinal carbohydrate digestion of barley grain in dairy cows; (2) to study the effect of heat processing on carbohydrate molecular structure of barley grain using advanced molecular spectroscopy; and (3) to associate processing‐induced changes in carbohydrate molecular structure with changes in carbohydrate metabolic profiles in dairy cows. Barley grain samples collected from Crop Research Field in Western Canada underwent four different processing treatments: control, dry heating (120°C for 60 min in an air‐ventilated oven), moist heating (120°C for 60 min in an autoclave), and microwave irradiation (900 W and 2450 MHz for 5 min in a microwave). The heating conditions used in the current study induced some changes in rumen‐degradable and ‐undegradable digestible fibre (CB3) fraction. Intestinally digestible CB3 was decreased after moist heating. Moist heating decreased starch digestibility compared to the other three treatments. The processing‐induced carbohydrate molecular structure changes, which was revealed by advanced vibrational molecular spectroscopic technique (attenuated total reflectance‐Fourier transform infrared), could be used to predict carbohydrate nutritional value.
Health‐care resource use and costs associated with diabetic and idiopathic gastroparesis: A claims analysis of the first 3 years following the diagnosis of gastroparesis
Authors: Chen Yaozhu J. , Tang Wenxi , Ionescu‐Ittu Raluca , Ayyagari Rajeev , Wu Eric , Huh Susanna Y. , Parkman Henry P. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundDue to limited treatment options, many patients with diabetic gastroparesis (DG) or idiopathic gastroparesis (IG) experience inadequate symptom control resulting in increased health‐care resource utilization (HRU) and associated costs. We compared all‐cause HRU and health‐care costs over the 3 years after patients’ first gastroparesis diagnosis with that of matched controls without gastroparesis.MethodsNewly diagnosed adults with DG or IG were identified in Optum's de‐identified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database (Q1‐2007 to Q1‐2019). Patients with DG/IG were matched 1:1 to controls using a mixed approach of exact matching and propensity score matching. The index date was the first gastroparesis diagnosis for cases or randomly selected for controls. All‐cause HRU and direct health‐care costs per person‐year (PPY) were compared between DG/IG cases and controls in Years 1–3 post‐index.Key ResultsDemographics and comorbidities were balanced between patients with gastroparesis (n = 18,015 [DG]; n = 14,305 [IG]) and controls. In each of the Years 1–3 post‐index, patients with DG or IG had significantly higher annual HRU and costs versus controls (mean total cost differences PPY: DG Year 1 $34,885, Year 2 $28,071, Year 3 $25,606; IG Year 1 $23,176, Year 2 $16,627, Year 3 $14,396) (all p < 0.05). Across all 3 years, DG/IG cohorts had approximately twice the costs of controls. HRU and costs were highest in Year 1 post‐index for both DG and IG.Conclusions & InferencesThe economic burden of gastroparesis remains high several years after diagnosis, emphasizing the need for chronic treatment to effectively manage symptoms and consequently reduce the burden of this disorder.
Feasibility and safety of left atrial posterior wall isolation with a new Cryoballoon technology in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation
Authors: Bisignani Antonio , Pannone Luigi , Miraglia Vincenzo , Sieira Juan , Iacopino Saverio , Bala Gezim , Ströker Erwin , Overeinder Ingrid , Almorad Alexandre , Gauthey Anaïs , Monaco Cinzia , Paparella Gaetano , Osório Thiago Guimarães , Sorgente Antonio , Jordaens Luc , Brugada Pedro , Chierchia Gian‐Battista , Asmundis Carlo de 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundLeft atrial posterior wall isolation (LAPWI) is often performed in addition to pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) in the setting of persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation.The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of a new cryoballoon ablation system in achieving PVI + LAPWI isolation.MethodsThe study was a prospective, non‐randomized, single center study. Forty consecutive patients, undergoing PVI + LAPWI with the novel POLARx™, were compared to 40 consecutive patients who underwent the same procedure with the established Arctic Front Advance PRO™.ResultsAcute isolation was achieved in all PVs in both groups and left posterior wall isolation (LAPWI) was achieved in 38 patients (95%) in the POLARx group and in 36 patients (90%) in Arctic Front group. Procedural outcomes were similar between both groups, except for lower temperatures during cryoenergy in the POLARx group, for both pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) and LAPWI.ConclusionLAPWI + PVI with the novel POLARx™ Cryoballoon is feasible and safe; the results are comparable with the Arctic Front Advance PRO™ system.
Overthrow the Orthodoxy! Replies to Hill, Titus, and Sosa
Authors: Gupta Anil 
Published: March 2022

AbstractI respond to three sets of questions and objections to the account of empirical reason I offer in my book Conscious Experience: A Logical Inquiry. (i) In response to doubts expressed by Christopher Hill, I outline the case against Simple Representationalism, the view that experience confers an epistemic status on certain perceptual judgments and that it does so in virtue of its content. (ii) In response to objections of Lisa Titus (née Miracchi) and Hill, I show that the account is not too liberal in its attributions of rationality to transitions, beliefs, and views. (iii) In response to questions raised by David Sosa, I explain why qualities do not constitute appearances and why the account offered of hallucinations is not overly restrictive.
Three‐dimensional imaging of intramural perineural invasion in colorectal cancer: Three‐dimensional reconstruction approach with multiple immunohistochemically stained sections
Authors: Miyashita Yu , Ikeda Tetsuo , Shinto Eiji , Okano Shinji , Korehisa Shotaro , Shimazaki Hideyuki , Oki Eiji , Ueno Hideki , Oda Yoshinao , Mori Masaki 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPerineural invasion (PNI) at Auerbach's plexus in colorectal cancer (CRC), known as intramural PNI, is associated with adverse prognostic outcomes. This study aimed to characterize the three‐dimensional (3D) architecture of CRC with intramural PNI and to evaluate the morphological features of tumor invasion around nerve tissue. Serial tissue sections from two cases of CRC were stained with cytokeratin AE1/AE3 and an anti‐S‐100 protein antibody. 3D models were reconstructed by scanning the virtual slides. In one case, intramural PNI was observed at the horizontal invasive front. The 3D reconstruction model showed tumor cells that appeared to infiltrate along the nervous meshwork, the structure of which was preserved. In the other case, intramural PNI was observed both at and behind the horizontal invasive front, and the 3D reconstruction model showed that the tumor cells appeared to be involved with nerve cells at the focal part of the horizontal invasive front. However, the nervous meshwork structure was not well identified in cancer‐involved areas. This is the first study to characterize the 3D structure of tumor invasion around nerve tissue in CRC, demonstrating the morphological features of intramural PNI in CRC.