bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single‐cell genotyping of phytoplankton from ocean water by gel‐based cell manipulation
Authors: Yoshino Tomoko , Mao Yihao , Maeda Yoshiaki , Negishi Ryo , Murata Satoshi , Moriya Seiichiro , Shimada Hirofumi , Arakaki Atsushi , Kobayashi Kenichi , Hagiwara Yoshitsugu , Okamoto Kazutoshi , Tanaka Tsuyoshi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA comprehensive understanding of phytoplankton diversity is valuable for assessing an environment of interest as phytoplankton are primary producers in various aquatic food webs. Microscopic analyses are useful for diversity assessment based on characteristic cell morphologies. However, phylogenetic classification based solely on morphology requires an extremely high level of expertise. The genetic approach is another option for evaluating phytoplankton diversity; however, it cannot reveal morphological information. To integrate these two approaches, an original technology was developed, that is referred to as microcavity array (MCA)/gel‐based cell manipulation (GCM). The model experiments using monocultures of various phytoplankton indicated that the efficiencies of cell recovery and isolation of single‐cell plankton were dependent on cell size and shape. Cells with widths larger than the cavity width showed high level of recovery and isolation efficiency. Subsequent whole‐genome amplification (WGA) of isolated single‐cell plankton provided a sufficient amount (≈30 μg) of WGA products for genetic analyses. Furthermore, it is showed that MCA/GCM could directly analyze phytoplankton in ocean water obtained from Suruga Bay, Japan, without any cumbersome pretreatment. These results indicate that MCA/GCM technology is a powerful tool for elucidating the phytoplankton diversity in marine environment.
The relationship between neurocognitive performance and HRV parameters in nurses and non‐healthcare participants
Authors: Chalmers Taryn , Eaves Shamona , Lees Ty , Lin Chin‐Teng , Newton Phillip J. , Clifton‐Bligh Roderick , McLachlan Craig S. , Gustin Sylvia M. , Lal Sara 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNurses represent the largest sector of the healthcare workforce, and it is established that they are faced with ongoing physical and mental demands that leave many continuously stressed. In turn, this chronic stress may affect cardiac autonomic activity, which can be non‐invasively evaluated using heart rate variability (HRV). The association between neurocognitive parameters during acute stress situations and HRV has not been previously explored in nurses compared to non‐nurses and such, our study aimed to assess these differences. Neurocognitive data were obtained using the Mini‐Mental State Examination and Cognistat psychometric questionnaires. ECG‐derived HRV parameters were acquired during the Trier Social Stress Test. Between‐group differences were found in domain‐specific cognitive performance for the similarities (p = .03), and judgment (p = .002) domains and in the following HRV parameters: SDNNbaseline, (p = .004), LFpreparation (p = .002), SDNNpreparation (p = .002), HFpreparation (p = .02), and TPpreparation (p = .003). Negative correlations were found between HF power and domain‐specific cognitive performance in nurses. In contrast, both negative and positive correlations were found between HRV and domain‐specific cognitive performance in the non‐nurse group. The current findings highlight the prospective use of autonomic HRV markers in relation to cognitive performance while building a relationship between autonomic dysfunction and cognition.
RETRACTED: Outcome of neurocritical disorders, a multicenter prospective cross‐sectional study
Authors: Ali Khalid Mohamed , Salih Mahmoud Hussien , AbuGabal Hiba Hassan , Omer Mohammed Eltahier Abdalla , Ahmed Ammar ElTahir , Abbasher Hussien Mohamed Ahmed Khabab 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatients with neurocritical disorders who require admission to intensive care units (ICUs) constitute about 10–15% of critical care cases.ObjectivesTo study the outcome of neurocritical disorders in intensive care units.MethodologyThis is a prospective cross‐sectional study that was conducted among neurocritical patients who were admitted in four intensive care units of four major hospitals in Khartoum state during the period from November 2020 to March 2021.ResultsSeventy‐two neurocritical patients were included in this study; 40(55.6%) were males and 32(44.4%) were females. Twenty‐one (29.2%) patients fully recovered, 35 (48.6%) partially recovered and 16 (22.2%) died. The mortality of the common neurocritical diseases were as follows: stroke 30.4%, encephalitis (8.3%), status epilepticus (11.1%), Guillain–Barre syndrome (GBS) (16.7%), and myasthenia gravis (MG) (25%).ConclusionThis study identified that near two‐thirds of the patients required mechanical ventilation. Delayed admission was observed due to causes distributed between the medical side and patient side. The majority of patients were discharged from ICU with partial recovery.
Teaching design of composite structures through Composite Analysis and Design Apps (CADA) and Design Challenges
Authors: Bishay Peter L. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAlthough composite materials are used in many industries nowadays, an educational tool for the design of laminated composite structures is missing in the literature. This study discusses the most important features that should exist in such a tool and, hence, presents the “Composite Analysis and Design Apps” (CADA) tool. To improve engineering students' design skills, engineering curricula should be supplemented with many design problems and course projects that focus on design, rather than analysis, of engineering components or systems. To incorporate more design problems into the curriculum of a senior undergraduate course on “mechanics and design of composite materials” in a more interesting way, an educational intervention, called the “Design Challenges,” is also presented in this study. The effect of using CADA in the Design Challenges to improve students' design skills is detailed. The study involved 21 mechanical engineering students who worked in 7 teams in each challenge. Performance of student teams in each challenge, student self‐reporting surveys, and students' performance in a design problem in the final exam were the three assessments evaluated. Assessment results proved that the Design Challenges were successful in increasing students' understanding and interest in the design of composite structures and improving their skills in tackling design problems. CADA also proved to be an effective and efficient tool for the analysis and design of thin composite laminates.
Selective Hydrogen Production from Glycerol over Ruthenium Catalyst
Authors: Kumar Ankit , Kumar Awasthi Mahendra , Priya Bhanu , Kumar Singh Sanjay 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGlycerol – one of the prominent by‐products of biodiesel is also an important source of hydrogen gas. Herein, the efficient and selective production of hydrogen gas from glycerol in water at 90–120 °C over a ruthenium nanoparticle (∼2.7 nm) catalyst is demonstrated. Notably, high yield of hydrogen gas (n(H2)/n(glycerol); 0.96–1.61) was achieved from the glycerol‐water solution, where the reaction temperature and base concentration played crucial role in achieving high yield of H2. Advantageously, under the studied reaction conditions, the ruthenium catalyst also exhibited appreciably high long‐term stability for over 36 h while generating ca. 70 L H2 per gram of Ru with H2 yield of 350 L per L of glycerol. Moreover, high yield for lactic acid is also achieved during the production of hydrogen gas from glycerol.
An “On‐Demand”, Selective Dehydrogenative Borylation or Hydroboration of Terminal Alkynes Using Zn2+‐based Catalyst
Authors: Jaiswal Kuldeep , Groutchik Kristina , Bawari Deependra , Dobrovetsky Roman 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAn air‐stable dicationic Zn2+ complex (1) in a tripod‐type ligand with non‐bound phosphorus base and three pyridinyl “arms” (TPPh) was synthesized. Remarkably, while 2 mol% of 1 at room temperature selectively catalyzed dehydrogenative borylation of terminal alkynes with HBPin, a lower loading of 1 (0.5 mol%) at 90 °C selectively promoted hydroboration reaction of the same alkynes skipping the dehydrogenative borylation step. The mode of action of 1 was proposed based on experimental observations as well as the mechanism of dehydrogenative borylation was studied by DFT computations.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Cycloaromatization Route to Cycloparaphenylenes that Exhibit Aggregation‐Induced Emission
Authors: Wang Li‐Hsiang , Nagashima Yuki , Abekura Masato , Uekusa Hidehiro , Konishi Gen‐ichi , Tanaka Ken 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA high‐yielding new route to substituted cycloparaphenylenes has been developed via reductive aromatization of a diyne bearing two cyclohexadiene units giving a cyclophenylene‐ethynylene (CPE) followed by the cationic rhodium(I)/dppe complex‐catalyzed intermolecular [2+2+2] cycloaddition (cycloaromatization) of the CPE with monoynes. The thus‐obtained products, substituted [8]cycloparaphenylene‐triphenylenes ([8]CPPTs), exhibited definite aggregation‐induced emission (AIE). This molecule is noteworthy as a novel AIE‐active cycloarylene that does not have well‐known AIE luminogens, such as tetraphenylethene and 1,2,4,5‐tetraphenylbenzene skeletons. The single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analyses of the AIE‐active [8]CPPTs revealed their highly ordered packing structures in which the rotation of the triphenylene moieties is restricted.
Utilization of steerable sheath improves the efficiency of atrial fibrillation ablation guided by robotic magnetic navigation compared with fixed‐curve sheath
Authors: Luo Qingzhi , Xie Yun , Bao Yangyang , Wei Yue , Lin Changjian , Zhang Ning , Ling Tianyou , Chen Kang , Pan Wenqi , Wu Liqun , Jin Qi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe objective of this study was to assess the impact of steerable sheaths compared with fixed‐curve sheaths on the procedural outcomes of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation guided by robotic magnetic navigation (RMN).Methods and ResultsIn this retrospective case−control study, 110 patients scheduled for AF catheter ablation were enrolled and divided into two groups. Fifty‐five patients (paroxysmal, 70%) were treated with RMN‐guided ablation utilizing a steerable sheath and another 55 patients (paroxysmal, 70%) were ablated with RMN using a fixed‐curve sheath. Clinical characteristics were similar between the two groups. Compared with the fixed‐curve sheath group, the steerable sheath group procedure time (111.9 ± 25.2 vs. 90.4 ± 20.7 min, p < .001) and radiofrequency (RF) time (35.9 ± 9.0 vs. 30.5 ± 7.4 min, p < .001) were significantly shortened. Additionally, the navigation index was significantly improved (0.41 ± 0.06 vs. 0.48 ± 0.08, p < .001) in the steerable sheath group. By employing a large catheter loop for targeting the right pulmonary veins (PVs), the steerable sheath group significantly reduced the RF delivery time (15.0 ± 3.0 vs. 12.0 ± 2.1 min, p < .001) during right‐side PV isolation (PVI). However, total fluoroscopy time was similar between the two groups (5.6 ± 2.6 vs. 5.0 ± 2.0 min, p > .05). Acute PVI success rates were similar between the two groups. No major or minor complications occurred in either group.ConclusionAppropriate utilization of steerable sheath technology can improve the efficiency of AF ablation guided by RMN, primarily by reducing the total procedure and RF delivery times of right‐side PVI without compromising safety.
A New Approach to Optimize pH Buffers**
Authors: Blétry Marc 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBuffer solutions are pervasive in chemistry, biochemistry, analytical chemistry, etc. A better understanding of buffer properties and what controls them is susceptible to be of interest in many scientific and technological fields. For instance, linear pH gradients are commonly used in electrophoresis and their optimization rests on numerical optimization of the concentrations of various weak species. It is probably generally assumed that no basic progress could be made on optimization approaches. We introduce here a new strategy to buffer optimization, based on a parametric study of the roots of the first derivative of the buffer index. In this way, it is possible to find mathematically optimal sets of parameters (pKa and concentrations). The method is applied to mixtures of 2, 3 and 4 monovalent species, which represent simple cases that do not call for overly elaborate numerical optimization techniques, but are nevertheless of practical interest in various branches of analytical chemistry.
RESILIENT part 1: a phase 2 dose‐exploration and dose‐expansion study of second‐line liposomal irinotecan in adults with small cell lung cancer
Authors: Paz‐Ares Luis , Spigel David R. , Chen Yuanbin , Jove Maria , Juan‐Vidal Oscar , Rich Patricia , Hayes Theresa , Calderón Vanesa Gutiérrez , Caro Reyes Bernabe , Navarro Alejandro , Dowlati Afshin , Zhang Bin , Moore Yan , Yao Xiaopan , Kokhreidze Jaba , Ponce Santiago , Bunn Paul A. 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundRESILIENT (NCT03088813) is a phase 2/3 study assessing the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of liposomal irinotecan monotherapy in patients with small cell lung cancer and disease progression on/after first‐line platinum‐based therapy. Here, we present results from RESILIENT part 1.MethodsThis open‐label, single‐arm, safety run‐in evaluation with dose‐exploration and dose‐expansion phases included patients ≥18 years old with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0/1; those with asymptomatic central nervous system metastases were eligible. The primary objectives were to evaluate safety and tolerability and recommend a dose for further development. Efficacy end points were objective response rate (ORR), progression‐free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).ResultsDuring dose exploration, 5 patients received intravenous liposomal irinotecan at 85 mg/m2 (deemed not tolerable; dose‐limiting toxicity) and 12 patients received 70 mg/m2 (deemed tolerable). During dose expansion, 13 additional patients received intravenous liposomal irinotecan at 70 mg/m2. Of these 25 patients (median age [range], 59.0 [48.0‐73.0] years, 92.0% with metastatic disease), 10 experienced grade ≥3 treatment‐related treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs), most commonly diarrhea (20.0%) and neutropenia (16.0%), and 3 had serious treatment‐related TEAEs, of whom 2 died. ORR was 44.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 24.40‐65.07; 1 complete response, 10 partial responses) and median (95% CI) PFS and OS were 3.98 (1.45‐4.24) months and 8.08 (5.16‐9.82) months, respectively.ConclusionOverall, no new safety signals were identified with liposomal irinotecan, and antitumor activity was promising. RESILIENT part 2, a randomized, controlled, phase 3 study of liposomal irinotecan versus topotecan, is ongoing.Lay Summary

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive disease with few treatment options after platinum‐based therapy.

Administering 1 option, irinotecan, as a “liposomal” formulation, may extend drug exposure and improve outcomes.

The RESILIENT part 1 trial assessed the safety and efficacy of liposomal irinotecan in 25 adults with SCLC after disease progression despite platinum‐based therapy.

No new safety concerns were reported.

The most common moderate‐to‐severe side effects were diarrhea (20% of patients) and neutropenia (16%).

Tumors responded to treatment in 44% of patients.

Average survival was 8.08 months, and time to disease progression was 3.98 months.

Liposomal irinotecan trials are ongoing.
Vision‐based vehicle detection for road traffic congestion classification
Authors: Chetouane Ameni , Mabrouk Sabra , Jemili Imen , Mosbah Mohamed 
Published: February 2022

SummaryDue to the increasing number of vehicles in circulation in different urban cities, several automatic traffic monitoring systems have been developed. In particular, traffic monitoring systems using roadside cameras are becoming extensively deployed, as they offer imperative technological advantages compared with other traffic monitoring systems. Vehicle detection and traffic congestion classification are two main steps for video‐based traffic congestion detection systems; the associated methods have a deep impact on the performance of the whole system. In this paper, we investigate four selected vehicle detection methods namely Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), GMM‐Kalman filter, Optical Flow, and ACF object detector in two contexts: urban and highway. Three traffic congestion classification methods are also studied. The comparative study of the different methods allows us to choose the most appropriate ones to be integrated in the framework proposed to solve the traffic issues in the bridge of Bizerte.
Guanidine Carboxy Zinc Complexes for the Chemical Recycling of Renewable Polyesters
Authors: Fuchs Martin , Walbeck Marcel , Jagla Eveline , Hoffmann Alexander , Herres‐Pawlis Sonja 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOur previously published non‐toxic guanidine carboxy Zn catalysts, suitable for lactide ring opening polymerisation (ROP) under industrially preferred melt conditions, have been tested towards the alcoholysis of renewable polyesters. A structure‐reactivity relationship has been found for the methanolysis of PLA in anhydrous THF, dependent on the substituents introduced at the ligand backbone. Using the unsubstituted “TMGasme” catalyst C2, a polyester conversion of 41 % was reached after 5 h at 60 °C. Introducing an electron density donating ‐NMe2 group at the ligand (C3) caused and increase in catalyst activity, resulting in a PLA conversion of 72 %. Hence, C3 was further tested, stressing the industrial applicability of PLA chemical recycling. Catalyst recycling, process scale up as well as solvent free alcoholysis, with full degradation in the PLA melt after 1 h, were demonstrated, allowing for the implementation of a circular (bio)plastics economy promoted by these catalysts.
Stereocontrolled Synthesis of 1,3‐Substituted 2‐Oxabicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes as Ring‐Constrained Tetrahydrofuranosyl C‐Glycosides
Authors: Rico Lorena , Li Da , Hanessian Stephen 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHerein, we describe the stereocontrolled synthesis of 2,3‐α‐methano 2‐substituted‐5‐(S)‐hydroxymethyl tetrahydrofurans, (formally 1,3‐disubstituted 2‐oxabicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes), using a TFA‐mediated destannylative cyclopropanation reaction, starting from commercially available 4‐(S)‐hydroxymethyl‐butyrolactone. A variety of chiral aryl, alkynyl and heterocyclic anomeric substituents were prepared in good to excellent yields. Facile derivatizations of these versatile compounds provide a series of anomerically functionalized chiral non‐racemic 2,3‐α‐methano tetrahydrofurans as potential substrates for heteroatom mediated ring opening reactions of potential interest in medicinal chemistry. Acid‐promoted methanolysis of a phenyl C‐glycoside analogue resulted in cleavage of the cyclopropane ring and formation of (1S,4S,6R)‐6‐methyl‐1‐phenyl‐2,7‐dioxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, a novel dioxabicyclo ketal and its oxocarbenium ion mediated oligomers.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Reaction of Aryl Iodides and Glycal Enones: Application in the Preparation of Dapagliflozin Analogues
Authors: Kumar Singh Adesh , Venkatesh Rapelly , Kumar Kanaujiya Vimlesh , Tiwari Varsha , Kandasamy Jeyakumar 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAn efficient approach for the preparation of C‐1 aryl enones from aryl iodides and glycal enones by palladium‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions under ligand‐free conditions was developed. A wide range of aryl iodides bearing electron‐donating and withdrawing groups underwent oxidative C‐1 arylation with galactal, glucal and rhamnal enones in the presence of Pd(OAc)2 and AgNO3 under mild conditions. The protecting groups, including benzyl, acetyl, pivaloyl, and benzoyl groups, were found to be compatible under standard reaction conditions. The developed methodology was applied for the preparation of dapagliflozin analogues (SGLT‐2 inhibitors). Regioselective nitration of C‐1 aryl enones provides C‐2 nitro aryl enones in good yields.
Proposed nonlinear macro‐model for seismic risk assessment of composite‐steel moment resisting frames
Authors: El Jisr Hammad , Kohrangi Mohsen , Lignos Dimitrios G. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a macro‐model for simulating the hysteretic behavior of composite‐steel beams as part of fully restrained beam‐to‐column connections in composite‐steel moment‐resisting frames (MRFs). Comparisons with experimental data suggest that the proposed model captures the asymmetric hysteretic response of composite‐steel beams including the cyclic deterioration in strength and stiffness. Moreover, the proposed model captures the primary slab‐column force transfer mechanisms and predicts the slip demands in beam‐slab connections under inelastic cyclic loading. The modeling approach is employed in a system‐level study to benchmark the seismic collapse risk of composite‐steel MRF buildings across Europe. Moreover, the beam‐slab slip demands are quantified through the development of beam‐slab slip hazard curves. The simulation studies suggest that the examined composite‐steel MRFs exhibit a system overstrength of about 4. This is attributed to the drift requirements in the current European seismic provisions.1 The annualized probability of collapse of the prototype buildings is well below 1% over a 50‐year building life expectancy regardless of the design site and the degree of composite action. Beam‐slab connections with a partial degree of composite action experience minimal damage for frequently occurring seismic events (i.e., 50% probability of exceedance over 50 years); and light cracking in the slab for a design basis earthquake. The above are important from a seismic repairability standpoint. Accordingly, it is recommended that the 25% reduction in the shear resistance of stud connectors is not imperative for seismic designs that feature steel beams with depths less than 500 mm.
Cooperative vehicles‐assisted task offloading in vehicular networks
Authors: Cui Yaping , Du Lijuan , He Peng , Wu Dapeng , Wang Ruyan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCooperative task offloading emerges a well‐received paradigm for mobile applications that are sensitive to computational power, while dynamic and real‐time characteristics of vehicular networks makes it challenging to guarantee the low delay requirements of vehicular computation offloading. Existing researches cannot satisfy the real‐time computation requests due to the sparse deployment of infrastructure constructions and constrained computing resources of edge servers. Motivated by these, we consider the idea of distributed vehicle‐to‐vehicle task offloading, which makes vehicles act as cooperative nodes to execute tasks. In this paper, we utilize parallel computing of multi‐vehicle cooperation, to provide low‐delay computation services without exceeding the energy constraint. Furthermore, a cooperative vehicles assisted task offloading strategy based on double deep Q‐network is proposed to obtain the optimal task offloading ratio after selecting cooperative vehicles. Simulation results indicate that our proposed strategy can effectively decrease the total system delay. For example, compared with the local execution strategy, the total system delay of the proposed strategy can be reduced by 69.4% on average.