bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary Recovery Following Corrective Surgery in Adult Patients With Severe Scoliosis: A Minimum of Five-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Zhou Xin , Zhang Zheng , Yang Yue , Ma Jun , Meng Yichen , Wang Ce , Zhou Xuhui 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundHalo gravity traction (HGT) has been reported to be a safe and effective adjunctive method for the management of scoliosis. However, the direct effects of HGT on the lung recovery of adult patients with scoliosis remain obscure.ObjectiveTo investigate changes in lung volume and pulmonary function in adult patients with severe scoliosis who underwent posterior spinal fusion concomitant with preoperative halo gravity traction.MethodsA total of 47 patients with a minimum 5-year follow-up who underwent posterior spinal instrumentation and fusion using preoperative halo–gravity traction were analyzed. Pulmonary function tests and three-dimensional CT were performed to evaluate changes in lung function and lung volume, respectively.ResultsThere was significant change in the Cobb angle of the major curve after halo gravity traction (P &lt; 0.0001). Significant improvement in both Cobb angle (P &lt; 0.0001) and thoracic kyphosis (P = 0.034) after corrective surgery was observed. Pulmonary function did not change significantly during traction. However, a significant decline in absolute and percent-predicted pulmonary function values was noted following surgery. The average change in lung volume did not show statistical differences during traction. At 5-year postoperative follow-up, the mean values revealed a significant increase in total lung volume (P &lt; 0.0001) and concave lung volume (P &lt; 0.0001) with surgical correction, but no statistically significant change in lung volume on the convex side (P = 0.57). Postoperative pulmonary complications occurred in nine cases with lower preoperative pulmonary function, indicating the importance of performing spirometry before corrective surgery.ConclusionsWe found that halo gravity traction prior to corrective surgery was less useful in improving pulmonary function in adult patients with severe scoliosis. However, these patients were expected to have increased lung volume after correction of the deformity.
Genomic Analysis of KPC-2-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST11 Isolates at the Respiratory Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Beijing, China
Authors: Guo Ling , Wang Lifeng , Zhao Qiang , Ye Liyan , Ye Kun , Ma Yanning , Shen Dingxia , Yang Jiyong 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundCarbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is an important pathogen causing hospital-associated outbreaks worldwide. The spread of K. pneumoniae carbapenemase-2 (KPC-2)-producing CRKP is primarily associated with sequence type (ST) 11.MethodsA total of 152 KPC-2-producing K. pneumoniae ST11 isolates were collected from the respiratory department of a tertiary care hospital in Beijing, China between 2009 and 2018. The genome sequencing of these isolates was performed on the HiSeq X Ten sequencer. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST), capsular type, plasmid replicon types and resistance genes were identified. Fifteen isolates were selected for the subsequent single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing on the PacBio RS II. Alignment of the complete sequences of the plasmids carrying blaKPC–2 and/or virulence genes was performed by using BRIG and Easyfig.ResultsFrom 2012 to 2018, the detection rate of the blaKPC–2-carrying CRKP rose rapidly from 3.3 to 28.1%. KPC-2-producing K. pneumoniae ST11 isolates were dominant in CRKP, which emerged in 2012 and caused several outbreaks. Most isolates exhibited multidrug-resistant to commonly used antibiotics, while all the isolates remained susceptible to tigecycline and polymyxin B. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis showed that all these 152 KPC-2-producing K. pneumoniae ST11 isolates could be divided into three genetically distinct clades (A, B, and C) and eleven subclades (A1–A9 and B1–B2). The majority belonged to clade A with KL47 serotype (n = 117, 77.0%), while KL64 and KL16 were identified in clades B and C, respectively. The blaKPC–2-carrying plasmids exhibited diverse types, namely, IncFII (pHN7A8)/IncR(6/15), IncFII (pHN7A8)/IncpA1763–KPC (5/15), IncFII (pHN7A8) (1/15), IncR (1/15), and IncpA1763–KPC (1/15). The genetic environment of blaKPC–2 showed nine IS26-based composite transposons, which had a basic core structure ISKpn27-blaKPC–2-ΔISKpn6. About 27.6% (42/152) isolates co-carried 2 to 4 virulence marker genes (namely, peg344, iucA, iroB, rmpA, and rmpA2) for hvKp strains. At least three isolates were identified to harbor virulence gene-carrying plasmids.ConclusionKPC-2-producing K. pneumoniae ST11 was highly heterogeneous in our hospital. Transmission of these strains was mainly mediated by twelve high-risk clones. The blaKPC–2-carrying plasmids and genetic environment of blaKPC–2 genes exhibited active evolution in K. pneumoniae ST11. More attention should be paid to the tendency of KPC-2-ST11 to acquire hypervirulent plasmids.
Risk Factors Affecting Cognitive Impairment of the Elderly Aged 65 and Over: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Han Fengyue , Luo Changjiang , Lv Duojiao , Tian Long , Qu Chuanqiang 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesElderly population with cognitive impairment has been accelerating in China. This study aimed to explore the relationship between each risk factor and each cognitive domain to provide evidence for risk prevention of controlling impaired cognitive function in elderly.MethodsThis cross-sectional study analyzed the cognitive status of the elderly aged 65 and above in three communities in Shizhong District of Jinan City. Cognitive status was assessed by MMSE. The influencing factors of cognitive impairment were analyzed by chi square test, correlation analysis and regression analysis.ResultsAmong 1,171 participants, 643 were defined as cognitive impairment with an incidence of 54.9%. And we found that there were significant differences in the incidence of cognitive impairment among residents with different gender, age, education level, hypertension and LDL-C (P&lt; 0.05). However, BMI, marital status, smoking, physical exercise, T2DM, TC, TG and HDL-C had no significant differences in the incidence of cognitive impairment. In addition, education level (b= 1.194,P&lt;0.001), age (b= −0.040,P= 0.001), LDL-C (b= 0.169,P= 0.018) had statistical significance on the total score of MMSE according to binary logistic regression analysis.ConclusionGender, age, education level, hypertension and LDL-C had significant differences in the incidence of cognitive impairment. And these risk factors could provide a basis for the early screening and intervention of cognitive impairment in the elderly.
A New Instrument Combines Cognitive and Social Functioning Items for Detecting Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Yu Ya-Wen , Tan Chun-Hsiang , Su Hui-Chen , Chien Chung-Yao , Sung Pi-Shan , Lin Tien-Yu , Lee Tsung-Lin , Yu Rwei-Ling 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundThe commonly used screening tests for Parkinson’s disease (PD) are the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), both of which only focus on cognitive function. A composite assessment that considers both cognitive and social dysfunction in PD would be helpful in detecting mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and PD dementia (PDD).ObjectiveWe aimed to simplify the commonly used tools and combine cognitive and social functioning tests to detect early MCI and PDD.Materials and MethodsA total of 166 participants (84 PD patients and 82 healthy) were recruited who completed the MMSE, MoCA, PD social functioning scale (PDSFS), clock drawing test, activities of daily living, comprehensive neuropsychological assessment (e.g., executive, attention, language, memory, and visuospatial functions), and movement disorder society (MDS)-unified PD rating scale. According to the MDS diagnostic criteria, the patients were grouped into PD-nonMCI, PD-MCI, or PDD.ResultsTo detect PD-MCI, the optimal cut-off scores for the simplified MoCA and the combined test were 9 and 35. The discrimination values measured by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the two tests were 0.767 (p &lt; 0.001) and 0.790 (p &lt; 0.001). When the simplified MoCA was 7 or the combined test 30, the patients would be classified as having PDD. The AUCs of the two tests were 0.846 (p &lt; 0.001) and 0.794 (p = 0.003).ConclusionWe suggest considering both cognitive and social functions when detecting PD-MCI and PDD.
The Routine Application of Tumor-Treating Fields in the Treatment of Glioblastoma WHO° IV
Authors: Krigers Aleksandrs , Pinggera Daniel , Demetz Matthias , Kornberger Lisa-Marie , Kerschbaumer Johannes , Thomé Claudius , Freyschlag Christian F. 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:Tumor-treating fields (TTFs) are a specific local oncological treatment modality in glioblastoma multiforme WHO° IV (GBM). Their mechanism of action is based on the effect of electrical fields interfering with the mitotic activity of malignant cells. Prospective studies have demonstrated efficacy, but TTF benefits are still controversially discussed. This treatment was implemented in our center as the standard of care in January 2016. We thus discuss the current state of the art and our long-term experience in the routine application of TTF.MethodsThe data of 48 patients suffering from GBM and treated with TTF were assessed and compared with previously published studies. Up-to-date information from open sources was evaluated.ResultsA total of 31 males and 17 females harboring a GBM were treated with TTF, between January 2016 and August 2021, in our center. In 98% of cases, TTFs were started within 6 weeks after concomitant radiochemotherapy (Stupp protocol). Mean overall survival was 22.6 months (95% CI: 17.3–27.9). Current indications, benefits, and restrictions were evaluated. Future TTF opportunities and ongoing studies were reviewed.ConclusionTTFs are a feasible and routinely applicable specific oncological treatment option for glioblastoma multiforme WHO° IV. Further research is ongoing to extend the indications and the efficacy of TTF.
Integrated Analysis of Expression Profile and Potential Pathogenic Mechanism of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy With Hippocampal Sclerosis
Authors: Wang Zhi-Bin , Qu Jian , Yang Zhuan-Yi , Liu Ding-Yang , Jiang Shi-Long , Zhang Ying , Yang Zhi-Quan , Mao Xiao-Yuan , Liu Zhao-Qian 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the potential pathogenic mechanism of temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (TLE+HS) by analyzing the expression profiles of microRNA/ mRNA/ lncRNA/ DNA methylation in brain tissues.MethodsBrain tissues of six patients with TLE+HS and nine of normal temporal or parietal cortices (NTP) of patients undergoing internal decompression for traumatic brain injury (TBI) were collected. The total RNA was dephosphorylated, labeled, and hybridized to the Agilent Human miRNA Microarray, Release 19.0, 8 × 60K. The cDNA was labeled and hybridized to the Agilent LncRNA+mRNA Human Gene Expression Microarray V3.0,4 × 180K. For methylation detection, the DNA was labeled and hybridized to the Illumina 450K Infinium Methylation BeadChip. The raw data was extracted from hybridized images using Agilent Feature Extraction, and quantile normalization was performed using the Agilent GeneSpring. P-value &lt; 0.05 and absolute fold change &gt;2 were considered the threshold of differential expression data. Data analyses were performed using R and Bioconductor. BrainSpan database was used to screen for signatures that were not differentially expressed in normal human hippocampus and cortex (data from BrainSpan), but differentially expressed in TLE+HS’ hippocampus and NTP’ cortex (data from our cohort). The strategy “Guilt by association” was used to predict the prospective roles of each important hub mRNA, miRNA, or lncRNA.ResultsA significantly negative correlation (r &lt; −0.5) was found between 116 pairs of microRNA/mRNA, differentially expressed in six patients with TLE+HS and nine of NTP. We examined this regulation network’s intersection with target gene prediction results and built a lncRNA-microRNA-Gene regulatory network with structural, and functional significance. Meanwhile, we found that the disorder of FGFR3, hsa-miR-486-5p, and lnc-KCNH5-1 plays a key vital role in developing TLE+HS.
Surgical Management of Cardiac Masses in Right Atrium Among Bone Sarcoma Pediatric Patients With Totally Implanted Ports
Authors: Zhou Chenliang , Wang Yiyun , Chen Zonghui , Qian Guowei , Yu Wenxi , Wang Yong , Zheng Shuier , Shen Zan , Li Hongtao , Wang Yonggang 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionTotally implanted ports (PORTs) have been widely used among patients with malignancy. Cardiac metastasis secondary to bone sarcoma and catheter-related right atrial thrombosis (CRAT) can be both present as cardiac masses. However, these two cardiac masses share very similar imaging characteristics.MethodsThe features, treatments, and outcomes of 5 bone sarcoma pediatric patients with PORTs who suffered from cardiac masses in the right atrium were analyzed. Clinical data and histological characteristics of cardiac masses were also recorded.ResultsAmong 928 patients with malignancy and PORTs, 5 bone sarcoma pediatric patients were found to have cardiac masses in the right atrium. The catheter tips were located in the right atrium of 4 patients and the superior vena cava-right atrium junction (CAJ) of 1 patient. Four patients with good response to anti-tumor treatment had received surgical lumpectomies for pathologic identification and mass excision, with cardiac metastases among 1 patient and thromboses among 3 patients. The median time from venous access port implantation to cardiac mass detection for CRAT was 6.3 months (range: 4.7–6.8 months) and to diagnosis of or possible cardiac metastasis was 13.3 months (range: 11.2–15.4 months).ConclusionThe placement of a catheter tip into the right atrium should be avoided. The time from PORTs implantation to cardiac mass detection might serve as a potential tool to differentiate cardiac metastasis from CRAT. Surgical management may be an effective treatment for bone sarcoma pediatric patients who had good response to anti-tumor treatment and suffered from cardiac masses in the right atrium.
A Bibliometric Analysis of Publication Patterns in Pediatric Neurology
Authors: Wilson Mitch , Sampson Margaret , Barrowman Nick , Sucha Ewa , Doja Asif 
Published: June 2022

PurposeTo examine the publication patterns of pediatric neurology articles in general pediatric, general neurology, and neurology subspecialty journals using a bibliometric approach.MethodsThe top 5 journals in general pediatrics, general neurology and neurology subspecialties were identified using the 2017 Journal Citations Report (JCR). For general pediatric journals, we selected 4 pediatric subspecialties for comparison of publication patterns with neurology: immunology, endocrinology, gastroenterology, and respirology. For general neurology and neurology subspecialty journals, we searched both the top 5 neurology and neurology subspecialty journals for pediatric articles. Using Ovid Medline, we identified articles published between 2009–2017.ResultsWith regards to child neurology-based articles, 1501 were published in general pediatrics journals, 643 in general neurology journals and 685 in neurology subspecialty journals. Examination of the top pediatric journals revealed that Pediatrics published the most neurology-based articles. Neurology-based studies were published more frequently than other pediatric subspecialty studies. Of the top general neurology Neurology published the most child neurology-based articles, while Epilepsia published the most child neurology-based articles out of neurology subspecialty journals. Cohort studies were the most frequent study type across all journals.ConclusionOur study revealed that child neurology articles are published more often in pediatric journals as opposed to general neurology and neurology subspecialty journals. We also found that in general pediatric journals, neurology-based articles are published more frequently compared to other specialties. Our results provide guidance to authors when considering submission of their pediatric neurology research.
Factors Associated With Lower Respiratory Tract Infection Among Chinese Students Aged 6–14 Years
Authors: Xue Mei , Wang Qiong , Zhang Yicheng , Pang Bo , Yang Min , Deng Xiangling , Zhang Zhixin , Niu Wenquan 
Published: June 2022

AimsWe employed machine-learning methods to explore data from a large survey on students, with the goal of identifying and validating a thrifty panel of important factors associated with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI).MethodsCross-sectional cluster sampling was performed for a survey of students aged 6–14 years who attended primary or junior high school in Beijing within January, 2022. Data were collected via electronic questionnaires. Statistical analyses were completed using the PyCharm (Edition 2018.1 x64) and Python (Version 3.7.6).ResultsData from 11,308 students (5,527 girls and 5,781 boys) were analyzed, and 909 of them had LRTI with the prevalence of 8.01%. After a comprehensive evaluation, the Gaussian naive Bayes (gNB) algorithm outperformed the other machine-learning algorithms. The gNB algorithm had accuracy of 0.856, precision of 0.140, recall of 0.165, F1 score of 0.151, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.652. Using the optimal gNB algorithm, top five important factors, including age, rhinitis, sitting time, dental caries, and food or drug allergy, had decent prediction performance. In addition, the top five factors had prediction performance comparable to all factors modeled. For example, under the sequential deep-learning model, the accuracy and loss were separately gauged at 92.26 and 25.62% when incorporating the top five factors, and 92.22 and 25.52% when incorporating all factors.ConclusionsOur findings showed the top five important factors modeled by gNB algorithm can sufficiently represent all involved factors in predicting LRTI risk among Chinese students aged 6–14 years.
Panax notoginseng Saponins Alleviate Coronary Artery Disease Through Hypermethylation of the miR-194-MAPK Pathway
Authors: Duan Lian , Liu Yongmei , Li Jun , Zhang Yun , Dong Yan , Liu Chao , Wang Jie 
Published: June 2022

Background:Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) may have an inhibitory effect against coronary artery disease (CAD); however, the mechanism is unclear. Recent research has begun to evaluate the role of epigenetics in CAD. Our team found that hypomethylation of miR-194 could be an important mechanism of CAD.Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of PNS against CAD and evaluate whether the mechanism is related to methylation of mi-R194.Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial with a double-blind placebo design on 84 patients with CAD. Treatment was continued for 4 weeks, and the clinical effect of PNS on CAD was observed. Methylation of miR-194, its promoter, and the key nodes of the MAPK pathway were measured by pyrosequencing and qRT-PCR. We then conducted a pharmacological analysis of the active components of PNS. The effects of PNS on oxidized human umbilical vein endothelial cells and the methylation of miR-194, its promoter, and the key nodes of the MAPK pathway were measured in vitro through methylation-specific PCR (MSPCR), qRT-PCR, Western blot analysis, and annexin V/propidium iodide apoptosis assay.Results: PNS improved symptoms of CAD. High-density lipoprotein and white blood cell count demonstrated significant changes after treatment in the PNS group. No significant difference was observed between miR-194 and mRNA MAPK, FAS, RAS, and FOS in the PNS group after treatment. However, some notable trends were observed in these genes. The targets of PNS were predicted by the pharmacological components. Some targets were found to be differentially expressed genes in CAD sequencing. Six genes, including MAPK1, RAS, and FASL, were common targets of PNS in CAD sequencing. Correlations were observed between genes in the interaction network and clinical parameters. In vitro experiments confirmed that PNS could change the methylation of miR-194, its promoter, and MAPK, FAS, RAS, and FOS. Intervention with PNS is likely to improve apoptosis.Conclusion: We reported the regulation of miR-194 promoter, miR-194, and MAPK methylation by PNS through cell experiments and a randomized controlled trial. PNS can be used for intervention in CAD by targeting the miR-194 promoter-miR-194-MAPK signaling pathway.Clinical Trial Registration: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/, NCT03083119.
Phyllanthus Niruri L. Exerts Protective Effects Against the Calcium Oxalate-Induced Renal Injury via Ellgic Acid
Authors: Li Mao-Ting , Liu Lu-Lu , Zhou Qi , Huang Lin-Xi , Shi Yu-Xuan , Hou Jie-Bin , Lu Hong-Tao , Yu Bing , Chen Wei , Guo Zhi-Yong 
Published: June 2022

Background: Urolithiasis or kidney stones is a common and frequently occurring renal disease; calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals are responsible for 80% of urolithiasis cases. Phyllanthus niruri L. (PN) has been used to treat urolithiasis. This study aimed to determine the potential protective effects and molecular mechanism of PN on calcium oxalate-induced renal injury.Methods: Microarray data sets were generated from the calcium oxalate-induced renal injury model of HK-2 cells and potential disease-related targets were identified. Network pharmacology was employed to identify drug-related targets of PN and construct the active ingredient-target network. Finally, the putative therapeutic targets and active ingredients of PN were verified in vitro and in vivo.Results: A total of 20 active ingredients in PN, 2,428 drug-related targets, and 127 disease-related targets were identified. According to network pharmacology analysis, HMGCS1, SQLE, and SCD were identified as predicted therapeutic target and ellagic acid (EA) was identified as the active ingredient by molecular docking analysis. The increased expression of SQLE, SCD, and HMGCS1 due to calcium oxalate-induced renal injury in HK-2 cells was found to be significantly inhibited by EA. Immunohistochemical in mice also showed that the levels of SQLE, SCD, and HMGCS1 were remarkably restored after EA treatment.Conclusion: EA is the active ingredient in PN responsible for its protective effects against CaOx-induced renal injury. SQLE, SCD, and HMGCS1 are putative therapeutic targets of EA.