bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spinal level and cord involvement in the prediction of sepsis development after vertebral fracture repair for traumatic spinal injury
Authors: Hoffman Samantha E. , Hauser Blake M. , Zaki Mark M. , Gupta Saksham , Chua Melissa , Bernstock Joshua D. , Khawaja Ayaz M. , Smith Timothy R. , Zaidi Hasan A. 
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVE
Despite understanding the associated adverse outcomes, identifying hospitalized patients at risk for sepsis is challenging. The authors aimed to characterize the epidemiology and clinical risk of sepsis in patients who underwent vertebral fracture repair for traumatic spinal injury (TSI).

METHODS
The authors conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of adults undergoing vertebral fracture repair during initial hospitalization after TSI who were registered in the National Trauma Data Bank from 2011 to 2014.

RESULTS
Of the 29,050 eligible patients undergoing vertebral fracture repair, 317 developed sepsis during initial hospitalization. Of these patients, most presented after a motor vehicle accident (63%) or fall (28%). Patients in whom sepsis developed had greater odds of being male (adjusted OR [aOR] 1.5, 95% CI 1.1–1.9), having diabetes mellitus (aOR 1.5, 95% CI 1.11–2.1), and being obese (aOR 1.9, 95% CI 1.4–2.5). Additionally, they had greater odds of presenting with moderate (aOR 2.7, 95% CI 1.8–4.2) or severe (aOR 3.9, 95% CI 2.9–5.2) Glasgow Coma Scale scores and of having concomitant abdominal injuries (aOR 1.9, 95% CI 1.5–2.5) but not cranial, thoracic, or lower-extremity injuries. Interestingly, cervical spine injury was significantly associated with developing sepsis (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1–1.8), but thoracic and lumbar spine injuries were not. Spinal cord injury (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.5–2.5) was also associated with sepsis regardless of level. Patients with sepsis were hospitalized approximately 16 days longer. They had greater odds of being discharged to rehabilitative care or home with rehabilitative care (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.8–3.2) and greater odds of death or discharge to hospice (OR 6.0, 95% CI 4.4–8.1).

CONCLUSIONS
Among patients undergoing vertebral fracture repair, those with cervical spine fractures, spinal cord injuries, preexisting comorbidities, and severe concomitant injuries are at highest risk for developing postoperative sepsis and experiencing adverse hospital disposition.
Venous thromboembolism in the setting of pediatric central diabetes insipidus: a systematic review of the literature and report of 2 cases
Authors: Lambert William A. , Paro Mitch , Pinci Emanuela , Bookland Markus J. , Martin Jonathan E. , Riba-Wolman Rebecca , McKay Laura , Hersh David S. 
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVE
Central diabetes insipidus (DI) is frequently identified preoperatively and/or postoperatively in patients with sellar or parasellar lesions. Early diagnosis and effective perioperative management of central DI is critical to minimize disruptions in fluid homeostasis. In particular, although venous thromboembolism (VTE) is generally less common in pediatric patients than their adult counterparts, isolated reports suggest that VTE occurs at a higher frequency in pediatric patients with central DI.

METHODS
Using the PubMed, Scopus, and Springer Link databases, the authors performed a systematic review of the literature with regard to the incidence of VTE in pediatric patients with central DI. Inclusion criteria were availability of the full text in English, diagnosis of central DI and VTE in the same patient, and pediatric age defined as ≤ 21 years. Data were reported as median and interquartile range for continuous variables and as frequencies and percentages for categorical variables. Risk of bias assessments of the individual studies were performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklists for case series and case reports.

RESULTS
Of 2094 search results, 12 articles met the inclusion criteria and described a total of 17 cases of VTE in pediatric patients with central DI. Two additional patients from the authors’ institution were added to this cohort. The underlying pathologies included craniopharyngioma (n = 6), suprasellar germinoma (n = 4), epileptic encephalopathy (n = 2), pilocytic astrocytoma (n = 2), prolactinoma (n = 2), Cushing disease (n = 1), failure to thrive (n = 1), and congenital hypothalamic syndrome (n = 1). Thrombotic complications included deep vein thrombosis (n = 10 [53%]), cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (n = 6 [32%]), pulmonary embolism (n = 4 [21%]), inferior vena cava thrombosis (n = 2 [11%]), and disseminated intravascular coagulation (n = 1 [5%]). There was a 26% mortality rate.

CONCLUSIONS
VTE is a rare but potentially devastating postoperative complication that appears to have a higher incidence among patients with central DI. Although this review was limited by heterogeneous information across limited reports, pediatric neurosurgical patients with DI may benefit from more aggressive VTE surveillance and prophylaxis.
Hirschsprung’s disease and associated syndrome and malformation -A report of four cases.
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Biswanath , Seal Mandira , Das Chhanda , Mukhopadhyay Madhumita 
Published: February 2022

Background: Hirschsprung’s disease is a genetic disorder characterized by the absence of ganglion cells in different lengths of the intestine. It is one of the common causes of intestinal obstruction in neonates.
Materials and Methods: The study was carried out from January 2017 to January 2020 in the Department of Pathology in a Tertiary care hospital. The biopsy specimens from spastic segment and colostomy or ileostomy sites were sent for evaluation of ganglion cells.
Results: During carrying out the study we came across two cases of biopsy that proved Hirschsprung’s disease who manifested the various signs and symptoms associated with two different syndromes and one malformation and one associated neoplasm
Conclusion: Two different syndromes and one associated malformation and neoplasm were detected in patients of Hirschsprung’s disease during a 3-year study.
Keywords: Hirschsprung's disease, ganglion cell, hypertrophic nerve fiber, malformation, neoplasm, syndrome.
Quality of Landrace Semen in Yolk Citrate Cement which Plus Glucose with Different Concentrations
Authors: Baku Albertus , Dethan Agustinus A , Tahuk Paulus Klau 
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of using yolk citrate diluent with different concentrations of glucose added on the motility, viability, abnormalities and pH of landrace pig cement.The cement used was fresh cement from a 3 year old Landrace pig stud.This study used an experimental method using a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments (P1 5%, P2 10%, P3 15% and P4 20%) and four replications so that there were 16 experimental units.The results showed that the concentration of glucose in the yolk citrate diluent was not significantly different (P>0.05) on the motility of spermatozoa with the average value of each treatment being P1 (65%), P2 (60%), P3 (63, 8%) and P4 (67.5%).The percentage of spermatozoa viability was very significantly different (P<0.01) between treatments, where in treatment P2 was relatively the same as treatment P3 and P4 but higher than treatment P1 with the value of each treatment P1 (83%), P2 (90.1 %), P3 (93.5%) and P4 (91.5%). Percentage of spermatozoa abnormalities resulting from analysis of variance (ANOVA) from each treatment there was a non-significant difference (P>0.05) where the values ​​were P1 (8.2%), P2 (9.2%), P3 (8.1%) and P4 (9.2%). The pH was significantly different (P<0.05) between treatments, where P1 treatment was relatively the same as P2 but higher than P4 treatment. On the other hand, treatment P3 was relatively the same as treatment P1, P2 and P4, with the values ​​of each treatment being P1 (8.36), P2 (7.99), P3 (7.676) and P4 (6.83). It can be concluded that the use of different glucose concentrations in the egg yolk citrate diluent with good quality, namely in the P3 treatment with a glucose concentration of 15%, the average percentage of individual motility was 64%, the percentage of live spermatozoa was 93.5%, the percentage of abnormal spermatozoa was 8.1%. and the average pH of cement is 7.68. It was concluded that the quality semen of Landrace pig could be improved optimally using glucose concentration in egg yolk citrate diluent by 15%.
Genetic Polymorphisms of Pneumocystis jirovecii in HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Patients in Northern China
Authors: Xue Ting , Du Wei-Qin , Dai Wen-Juan , Li Yi-Shan , Wang Shu-Feng , Wang Jun-Ling , Zhang Xin-Ri 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Pneumocystis jirovecii is an opportunistic fungus that can cause severe and potentially fatal Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in immunodeficient patients. In this study, we investigated the genetic polymorphisms of P. jirovecii at eight different loci, including six nuclear genes (ITS, 26S rRNA, sod, dhps, dhfr and β-Tub) and two mitochondrial genes (mtLSU-rRNA and cyb) in three PCP cases, including two patients with HIV infection and one without HIV infection in Shanxi Province, P.R. China. The gene targets were amplified by PCR followed by sequencing of plasmid clones. The HIV-negative patient showed a coinfection with two genotypes of P. jirovecii at six of the eight loci sequenced. Of the two HIV-positive patients, one showed a coinfection with two genotypes of P. jirovecii at the same two of the six loci as in the HIV-negative patient, while the other showed a single infection at all eight loci sequenced. None of the three drug target genes (dhfr, dhps and cyb) showed mutations known to be potentially associated with drug resistance. This is the first report of genetic polymorphisms of P. jirovecii in PCP patients in Shanxi Province, China. Our findings expand our understanding of the genetic diversity of P. jirovecii in China.
Should Bacteriophages Be Classified as Parasites or Predators?
Authors: Węgrzyn Grzegorz 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Bacteriophages are viruses infecting bacteria and propagating in bacterial cells. They were discovered over 100 years ago, and for decades they played crucial roles as models in genetics and molecular biology and as tools in genetic engineering and biotechnology. Now we also recognize their huge role in natural environment and their importance in human health and disease. Despite our understanding of bacteriophage mechanisms of development, these viruses are described as parasites or predators in the literature. From the biological point of view, there are fundamental differences between parasites and predators. Therefore, in this article, I asked whether bacteriophages should be classified as former or latter biological entities. Analysis of the literature and biological definitions led me to conclude that bacteriophages are parasites rather than predators and should be classified and described as such. If even more precise ecological classification is needed, bacteriophages can perhaps be included in the group of parasitoids. It might be the most appropriate formal classification of these viruses, especially if strictly virulent phages are considered, contrary to phages which lysogenize host cells and those which develop according to the permanent infection mode (or chronic cycle, like filamentous phages) revealing features of classical parasites.
E-COMMERCE COMO FERRAMENTA DE COMPETITIVIDADE RELACIONADA AOS ASPECTOS TECNOLÓGICOS
Authors: Bérgamo Luciano 
Published: February 2022

Esse artigo apresenta um estudo sobre E-Commerce, enfatizando o que uma empresa precisa saber antes de investir seu capital, mostrando as vantagens e os obstáculos, entendendo os clientes e descobrindo a melhor forma de alcançá-los. No estudo realizado foi verificado que o E-Commerce pode ser direcionado para todo tipo e tamanho de empresa. Por meio de um estudo in loco, ficou claro que através de um planejamento bem realizado é possível garantir melhor aplicação do investimento. Isso pode ser comprovado com base no estudo de caso realizado sobre a implantação de um sistema de vendas online, em um supermercado da cidade de Mococa-SP.
Case Report: ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Secondary to Acute Atherothrombotic Occlusion Treated With No Stent Strategy
Authors: Dhawan Rahul , Samant Saurabhi , Gajanan Ganesh , Chatzizisis Yiannis S. 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundIntravascular imaging plays a vital role in the pathophysiology-based diagnosis and treatment of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). We present a case of STEMI due to plaque erosion, which was managed with a no stent approach.Case SummaryA 43-year-old female with a history of tobacco abuse presented with an anterior STEMI. Coronary angiography revealed acute thrombotic occlusion of the left anterior descending artery with spontaneous recanalization. Intravascular imaging with optical coherence tomography (OCT) demonstrated plaque erosion as the underlying etiology for the acute thrombotic occlusion. A no stent strategy with aspiration thrombectomy and dual antiplatelet therapy was used to manage the patient given that there was no evidence of plaque rupture. Repeat coronary imaging was done at 2 months to assess the status of the lesion.ConclusionA 43-year-old female with STEMI due to plaque erosion was successfully managed only by thrombus aspiration and not by angioplasty and stent placement. Individualized treatment approaches in patients with acute coronary syndromes, can not only achieve optimal management goals but also avoid unnecessary complications associated with interventions. This case illustrates how intracoronary imaging and pathophysiology-guided treatment can dramatically change management. In this young patient, STEMI was managed purely by thrombus aspiration. Intravascular imaging obviated the need for stent placement possibly preventing stent-related complications including restenosis and thrombosis.
Establishment and Validation of a 5 m6A RNA Methylation Regulatory Gene Prognostic Model in Low-Grade Glioma
Authors: Bai Zhiqun , Wang Xuemei , Zhang Zhen 
Published: February 2022

Background: The prognosis of low-grade glioma (LGG) is different from that of other intracranial tumors. Although many markers of LGG have been established, few are used in clinical practice. M6A methylation significantly affects the biological behavior of LGG tumors. Therefore, establishment of an LGG prognostic model based on m6A methylation regulatory genes is of great interest.Methods: Data from 495 patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and 172 patients from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) were analyzed. Univariate Cox analysis was used to identify methylation regulatory genes with prognostic significance. LASSO Cox regression was used to identify prognostic genes. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and Kaplan–Meier curves were used to verify the accuracy of the model. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were used to identify cellular pathways that were significantly associated with the prognosis of LGG.Results: A glioma prognostic model based on five methylation regulatory genes was established. Compared with low-risk patients, patients identified as high risk had a poorer prognosis. There was a high degree of consistency between the internal training and internal validation CGGA cohorts and the external validation TCGA cohort. Furthermore, KEGG and GSEA analyses showed that the focal adhesion and cell cycle pathways were significantly upregulated in high-risk patients. This signature could be used to distinguish among patients with different immune checkpoint gene expression levels, which may inform immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) immunotherapy.Conclusion: We comprehensively evaluated m6A methylation regulatory genes in LGG and constructed a prognostic model based on m6A methylation, which may improve prognostic prediction for patients with LGG.
The Role of Impulse Oscillometry in Evaluating Disease Severity and Predicting the Airway Reversibility in Patients With Bronchiectasis
Authors: Tan Cuiyan , Ma Donghai , Wang Kongqiu , Tu Changli , Chen Meizhu , Zheng Xiaobin , Liang Yingjian , Huang Yiying , Wang Zhenguo , Wu Jian , Huang Jin , Liu Jing 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundImpulse oscillometry (IOS) can be used to evaluate airway impedance in patients with obstructive airway diseases. Previous studies have demonstrated that IOS parameters differ between patients with bronchiectasis and healthy controls. This study aims to explore the usefulness of IOS in assessing disease severity and airway reversibility in patients with bronchiectasis.MethodSeventy-four patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis who visited our Respiratory Medicine outpatient clinic were consecutively recruited. Spirometry, plethysmography and IOS tests were performed. Patients were stratified into mild, moderate and severe disease according to Reiff, Bhalla, BSI, FACED, and BRICS scores. Airway reversibility was measured by bronchodilation test (BDT) and the result was classified as positive or negative. ROC curves of IOS parameters were used to assess the usefulness of IOS parameters in predicting airway reversibility. Correlations between the IOS, spirometric lung function and bronchiectasis severity parameters were analyzed.ResultsMany IOS parameters, such as airway resistance at 5 Hz (R5), small airways resistance (R5–R20), total airway reactance (X5), resonance frequency (Fres), total airway impedance at 5 Hz (Z5), and peripheral resistance (Rp) increased in patients with bronchiectasis who presented a moderate to severe severity as categorized by the FACED, BSI and Reiff scores. Large airway resistance (R20) and central resistance (Rc) were not significantly different among groups with different bronchiectasis severity. The difference between R5 and R20 (R5-R20) showed 81.0% sensitivity, and 69.8%specificity in predicting the airway reversibility in bronchiectasis with AUC of 0.794 (95%CI, 0.672–0.915).ConclusionIOS measurements are useful indicators of bronchiectasis severity and may be useful for predicting the airway reversibility.
The Association Between Metabolic Status and Risk of Cancer Among Patients With Obesity: Metabolically Healthy Obesity vs. Metabolically Unhealthy Obesity
Authors: Zheng Xiaonan , Peng Ruilin , Xu Hang , Lin Tianhai , Qiu Shi , Wei Qiang , Yang Lu , Ai Jianzhong 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundControversial evidence about the association between cancer risk and metabolic status among individuals with obesity has been reported, but pooled data remain absent. This study aims to present pooled data comparing cancer risk between patients with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO).MethodsThe current study systematically searched pieces of literature on January 4, 2021, of prospective cohorts that compare the incidence of cancer between MHO and MUO. The quality of included studies was assessed using Newcastle–Ottawa scale, and publication bias was evaluated using funnel plots.ResultsEleven high-quality studies were eventually selected. Quantitative analysis indicates that a lower cancer incidence exists for MHO phenotype than that for MUO (odds ratio [OR], 0.71; 95% confidential interval [CI], 0.61–0.84). Consistent outcomes are presented by subgroup analyses, which are grouped by cohort region (western population: [OR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.75–0.93]; Asian population: [OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.54–0.77]); definition of metabolic unhealthiness (≥3 metabolic abnormalities: [OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.54–0.71]; ≥1 metabolic abnormality: [OR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.62–0.94]); and definition of obesity (body mass index (BMI), ≥30 kg/m2: [OR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.73–0.98]; BMI, ≥25 kg/m2: [OR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.52–0.55]).ConclusionIn conclusion, this study suggests a reduced cancer risk for MHO compared to MUO regardless of population heterogeneity, or the definitions of obesity and metabolic status.
Robotic Versus Laparoscopic Pancreaticoduodenectomy: An Up-To-Date System Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ouyang Lanwei , Zhang Jia , Feng Qingbo , Zhang Zhiguang , Ma Hexing , Zhang Guodong 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundAlthough minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy has gained worldwide interest, there are limited comparative studies between two minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy techniques. This meta-analysis aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of robotic and laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD), especially the difference in the perioperative and short-term oncological outcomes.MethodsPubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, Web of Science, and EMBASE were searched based on a defined search strategy to identify eligible studies before July 2021. Data on operative times, blood loss, overall morbidity, major complications, vascular resection, blood transfusion, postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF), delayed gastric emptying (DGE), conversion rate, reoperation, length of hospital stay (LOS), and lymph node dissection were subjected to meta-analysis.ResultsOverall, the final analysis included 9 retrospective studies comprising 3,732 patients; 1,149 (30.79%) underwent robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy (RPD), and 2,583 (69.21%) underwent LPD. The present meta-analysis revealed nonsignificant differences in operative times, overall morbidity, major complications, blood transfusion, POPF, DGE, reoperation, and LOS. Alternatively, compared with LPD, RPD was associated with less blood loss (p = 0.002), less conversion rate (p &lt; 0.00001), less vascular resection (p = 0.0006), and more retrieved lymph nodes (p = 0.01).ConclusionRPD is at least equivalent to LPD with respect to the incidence of complication, incidence and severity of DGE, and reoperation and length of hospital stay. Compared with LPD, RPD seems to be associated with less blood loss, lower conversion rate, less vascular resection, and more retrieved lymph nodes.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#recordDetails, identifier CRD2021274057
Exclusive Maternal Milk Compared With Exclusive Formula on Growth and Health Outcomes in Very-Low-Birthweight Preterm Infants: Phase II of the Pre-B Project and an Evidence Analysis Center Systematic Review
Authors: Taylor Sarah N. , Fenton Tanis R. , Groh-Wargo Sharon , Gura Kathleen , Martin Camilia R. , Griffin Ian J. , Rozga Mary , Moloney Lisa 
Published: February 2022

As part of the Pre-B Project, a systematic review was conducted to evaluate associations between exclusive maternal milk (≥75%) intake and exclusive formula intake and growth and health outcomes in very-low-birthweight (VLBW) preterm infants. The protocols from the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics' Evidence Analysis Center and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist were followed. Thirteen observational studies were included; 11 studies reported data that could be synthesized in a pooled analysis. The evidence is very uncertain (very low quality) about the effect of exclusive maternal milk on all outcomes due to observational study designs and risk of selection, performance, detection, and reporting bias in most of the included studies. Very-low-quality evidence suggested that providing VLBW preterm infants with exclusive maternal milk was not associated with mortality, risk of necrotizing enterocolitis, sepsis, or developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia, as compared with exclusive preterm formula, but exclusive maternal milk was associated with a lower risk of retinopathy of prematurity (very low certainty). Results may change when additional studies are conducted. There was no difference in weight, length, and head circumference gain between infants fed fortified exclusive maternal milk and infants receiving exclusive preterm formula; however, weight and length gain were lower in infants fed non-fortified exclusive maternal milk. Given the observational nature of human milk research, cause-and-effect evidence was lacking for VLBW preterm infants.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=86829, PROSPERO ID: CRD42018086829.