bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A prospective randomized study, use of closed suction drainage after revision hip arthroplasty may lead to excessive blood loss
Authors: Bartosz Paweł , Grzelecki Dariusz , Chaberek Sławomir , Para Marcin , Marczyński Wojciech , Białecki Jerzy 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSuction drainage after primary total hip arthroplasties (THA) offers no benefits. Revision hip arthroplasties (RHA) are more demanding procedures and associated with greater blood loss compared to primary cases. There is still a lack of literature regarding the application of drainage in RHA. A total of 40 patients who underwent RHA were included in this prospective study. Simple randomization with an allocation ratio 1:1 was performed. Primary outcomes: total blood loss, hemoglobin drop, joint hematoma size in USG, infection. Secondary outcomes: blood transfusion rate, soft tissue hematomas, C-reactive protein levels, Visual Analogue Scale before and on 3rd day after surgery, Harris Hip Score before and 6 weeks after surgery. An intention to treat analysis was performed, with a 2-year follow up. Statistically significant differences between groups was in blood loss: drainage 1559.78 ml, non-drainage 1058.27 ml, (p = 0.029) and hemoglobin level on 1st day after surgery: drainage 10.58 g/dl, non-drainage 11.61 g/dl (p = 0.0496). In terms of the other analyzed parameters, statistical differences were not found. Our study revealed that the use of suction drainage may lead to higher blood loss in the early postoperative period. Further studies are needed to evaluate our results.
Discourse Performance in Adults With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury, Orthopedic Injuries, and Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury, and Healthy Controls
Authors: Norman Rocío S. , Mueller Kimberly D. , Huerta Paola , Shah Manish N. , Turkstra Lyn S. , Power Emma 
Published: January 2022

Introduction:
Adults with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) are at risk for communication disorders, yet studies exploring cognitive-communication performance are currently lacking.

Aims:
This aim of this study was to characterize discourse-level performance by adults with mTBI on a standardized elicitation task and compare it to (a) healthy adults, (b) adults with orthopedic injuries (OIs), and (c) adults with moderate to severe TBI.

Method:
This study used a cross-sectional design. The participants included mTBI and OI groups recruited prospectively from an emergency medicine department. Moderate to severe TBI and healthy data were acquired from TalkBank. One-way analyses of variance were used to compare mean linguistic scores.

Results:
Seventy participants across all groups were recruited. Groups did not differ on demographic variables. The study found significant differences in both content and productivity measures among the groups. Variables did not appear sensitive to differentiate between mTBI and OI groups.

Discussion:
Cognitive and language performance of adults with mTBI is a pressing clinical issue. Studies exploring language with carefully selected control groups can influence the development of sensitive measures to identify individuals with cognitive-communication deficits.
A comprehensive review on deep learning approaches in wind forecasting applications
Authors: Wu Zhou , Luo Gan , Yang Zhile , Guo Yuanjun , Li Kang , Xue Yusheng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe effective use of wind energy is an essential part of the sustainable development of human society, in particular, at the recent unprecedented pressure in shaping a low carbon energy environment. Accurate wind resource and power forecasting play a key role in improving the wind penetration. However, it has not been well adopted in the real‐world applications due to the strong stochastic characteristics of wind energy. In recent years, the application boost of deep learning methods provides new effective tools in wind forecasting. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the forecasting models based on deep learning in the field of wind energy. Featured approaches include time‐series‐based recurrent neural networks, restricted Boltzmann machines, convolutional neural networks as well as auto‐encoder‐based approaches. In addition, future development directions of deep‐learning‐based wind energy forecasting have also been discussed.
Control of grid side converters under constraints in unbalanced operating conditions. A Lyapunov framework
Authors: Fernández Roberto Daniel , Peña Ricardo Ramiro , Mantz Ricardo J. , Battaiotto Pedro E. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis work presents a Lyapunov‐based control of a grid side converter of distributed energy systems. The analysis focuses on the constraints imposed by unbalanced operation and thermal limits. On one side, the proposal, which considers symmetrical components, allows controlling the converter in such a way that it is able to deliver constant real power to the grid in the presence of highly unbalanced voltages. On the other side, to solve the operation under thermal constraints, the references in control loops are adapted. Both issues, unbalanced operation but also thermal constraints, are considered in a sole Lyapunov function, formed by the union of a set of Lyapunov ones. This ensures the stability of the whole system by using simple PI controllers. Finally, different scenarios, strong disturbances and reaching current limits are explored in simulation results.
Temporal inception convolutional network based on multi‐head attention for ultra‐short‐term load forecasting
Authors: Tong Cheng , Zhang Linghua , Li Hao , Ding Yin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAccurate load forecasting is essential for ensuring safe, stable, and economical operation of energy internet. Temporal convolutional networks (TCNs) have demonstrated superior performance, when compared to recurrent neural network models, since their introduction in electrical load forecasting. However, the current TCN‐based models are unable to obtain a large receptive field and strong long‐time feature extraction capability owing to the specific kernel size of the 1D convolution structure. This paper proposes a temporal inception convolutional network based on multi‐head attention (TICN‐Att) for ultra‐short‐term load prediction. By introducing an inception structure into the TCN, the proposed model can extract multi‐dimensional information from the input features, through the multiple hidden convolutional kernels of different scales, without stacking layers depth‐wise. Simultaneously, by introducing a multi‐head attention mechanism, the TICN‐Att model has a long time‐dependent extraction capability, similar to that of the long short‐term memory network models. The generalization and validity of the model are tested using the global energy forecasting competition (GEFCOM2014) dataset, electrical load data of a city in Jiangsu (China), and PJM power system dataset. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed model has the best prediction effect, compared to the other state‐of‐the‐art models.
HAP and VAP after Guidelines
Authors: Wicky Paul-Henri , Martin-Loeches Ignacio , Timsit Jean-François 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNosocomial pneumonia is associated with worsened prognosis when diagnosed in intensive care unit (ICU), ranging from 12 to 48% mortality. The incidence rate of ventilation-acquired pneumonia tends to decrease below 15/1,000 intubation-day. Still, international guidelines are heterogeneous about diagnostic criteria because of inaccuracy of available methods. New entities have thus emerged concerning lower respiratory tract infection, namely ventilation-acquired tracheobronchitis (VAT), or ICU-acquired pneumonia (ICUAP), eventually requiring invasive ventilation (v-ICUAP), according to the type of ventilation support. The potential discrepancy with non-invasive methods could finally lead to underdiagnosis in almost two-thirds of non-intubated patients. Delayed diagnostic could explain in part the 2-fold increase in mortality of penumonia when invasive ventilation is initiated. Here we discuss the rationale underlying this new classification.Many situations can lead to misdiagnosis, even more when the invasive mechanical ventilation is initiated. The chest radiography lacks sntivity and specificity for diagnosing pneumonia. The place of chest computed tomography and lung ultrasonography for routine diagnostic of new plumonary infiltrate remain to be evaluated.Microbiological methods used to confirm the diagnostic can be heterogeneous. The development of molecular diagnostic tools may improve the adequacy of antimicrobial therapies of ventilated patients with pneumonia, but we need to further assess its impact in non-ventilated pneumonia.In this review we introduce distinction between hospital-acquired pneumonia according to the localization in the hospital and the oxygenation/ventilation mode. A clarification of definition is the first step to develop more accurate diagnostic strategies and to improve the patients' prognosis.
Trajectory and Risk Factors of Persistent Decline in Health-Related Quality of Life after Septic Shock in Children with Preexisting Neurologic Disability
Authors: Prout Andrew , Banks Russell K. , Reeder Ron W. , Zimmerman Jerry J. , Meert Kathleen L. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPreexisting neurologic disability is common among children with septic shock. Life After Pediatric Sepsis Evaluation (LAPSE) was a multicenter cohort study that evaluated health-related quality of life (HRQL) in children with community-acquired septic shock. In this secondary analysis of LAPSE, we described the burden, trajectory, and risk factors for reduced HRQL in children with preexisting neurologic disability. Children (1 month–18 years) with community-acquired septic shock were evaluated for HRQL at baseline (reflecting prehospitalization status), day 7 and 28, and month 3, 6, and 12 following admission using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory or the Stein–Jessop Functional Status Scale. HRQL was expressed as a percentage of baseline scores. Of 365 evaluable children, 133 (36%) had preexisting neurologic disability. Neurologically disabled children had less decline in HRQL at day 7 (median −15% [interquartile range IQR: −38, 8] vs. −22% [−51, −3], p = 0.005) and day 28 (4% [−16, 22] vs. −11% [−37, 7], p < 0.001) than those without neurologic disability, and there was no difference in the extent of decline at month 3 (p = 0.241). Using multivariable modeling, higher baseline HRQL (odds ratio [OR] = 1.04 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00, 1.08], p = 0.027) and acute renal dysfunction (OR = 1.08 [1.02, 1.16], p = 0.007) were associated with HRQL less than 90% of baseline at month 3 in neurologically disabled children who survived. Children with preexisting neurologic disability recover to baseline HRQL after septic shock sooner than those without neurologic disability. Higher baseline HRQL and acute renal dysfunction are risk factors for reduced HRQL in neurologically disabled children who survive sepsis.
Reliability of “MB-Ruler Software” to Measure Craniovertebral Angle Using the Photographic Method
Authors: Kadu Dipti Vilas , Shetye Jaimala Vijay 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background The craniovertebral angle (CV angle) measurement is a convenient and easy clinical method for the cervical posture assessment. “Markus Bader (MB) ruler software” assists to measure angles and distances on the computer screen. The MB-ruler protractor is almost transparent; hence, it can be easily used on the computer screen. Many studies in physiotherapy have used this software for postural assessment with the photographic method, but the reliability of this software is not available to our knowledge in the Indian population.
Aim The aim of this study was to find inter-rater and intra-rater reliabilities of “MB-Ruler software”, by using the photographic method to measure the CV angle for the cervical postural assessment.
Study Design This is an observational study in healthy young population.
Subjects and Method Total 30 young student volunteers with no clinical symptoms were enrolled for this study. A single standard lateral view image in a sitting position was used for CV angle measurement with “MB ruler software.” Three readings of the CV angle were taken by three different observers (A, B, and C) separately at intervals of time. The CV angle measured by three observers was compared.
Results Cronbach's ɑ coefficient value for intra-rater (ICC 0.999) (intra-class correlation coefficient) as well as inter-rater (ICC 0.892) reliability for measuring CV angle was very high.
Conclusion MB ruler demonstrates high intra-rater and inter-rater reliabilities and can be used for the photographic evaluation of posture by assessing the CV angle.
Strengthening Behavioral Patterns Impacting COVID-19 Vaccination and Oral Health Amidst the Looming Third Wave Scenario—Need of the Hour!
Authors: Kumari Deesha , Mailankote Shilpa 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAim The current review aims to ascertain the scope and depth of the behavioral patterns impacting COVID-19 vaccination and oral health as well as recognize the rates of acceptance and hesitancy of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine.Background The COVID-19 vaccination drive is a decisive factor in the control and termination of the COVID-19 pandemic. Concerns about vaccine hesitancy are growing worldwide and it has been thus declared as one among the top 10 threats in 2019 by the World Health Organization; thus, addressing the obstacles and expediters of vaccines will be fundamental in initiating and effectively implementing the interventions to accomplish extreme vaccine coverage.Review Results The vaccine utility is not merely reliant on the efficacy and the safety of the vaccine. The major factor is the vaccine acceptance among the general public of all the sectors of the society. Trust in public authorities, adverse effects, phobias, community influences affect the vaccine acceptance rate tremendously. With an evolving third peak of the COVID pandemic, the affinity toward availing COVID vaccine has increased but the hesitancy rate among individuals still persists.Conclusion The large variations in vaccine acceptance and hesitancy rates can impact the efforts put forth in eliminating the disease. Thus public health policies can enable development of effective approaches to overcome the hesitancy related to COVID-19 vaccine thereby increasing its uptake and facilitating smooth functioning of the vaccination drives which could help conduit the existing gaps.Clinical Significance Involvement of dental health professionals in vaccination campaigns is vital for the enforcement of common risk factor approach wherein focus can be shed on both general and oral health wellness.
Double-layer structure of the Pt(111)–aqueous electrolyte interface
Authors: Ojha Kasinath , Doblhoff-Dier Katharina , Koper Marc T. M. 
Published: January 2022

Significance
The Pt(111)–electrolyte interface is one of the most important model interfaces in physical electrochemistry. Here, we present detailed capacitance measurements of Pt(111) in contact with nonspecifically adsorbed electrolytes in combination with modeling to show that this interface does not follow classic Gouy–Chapman–Stern behavior. Our combined experimental-theoretical work suggests a picture of the double layer of Pt(111) with an increased ion concentration close to the interface as a consequence of a weak attractive ion–surface interaction and a changing polarizability of the Pt(111)–water interface due to the potential-dependent water adsorption and orientation.
A theory of entropic bonding
Authors: Vo Thi , Glotzer Sharon C. 
Published: January 2022

SignificanceComputer simulations of hard, polyhedrally shaped particles predict a great diversity of complex colloidal crystal structures via self-assembly. The structural similarities between colloidal crystals and atomic crystals suggest that they should be describable within analogous, although different, conceptual frameworks. Like the chemical bonds that hold atoms together in crystals, the statistical, emergent forces that hold together hard colloidal particles should be describable using the language of bonding. Whereas atomic crystals can be predicted a priori by solving Schrödinger’s equation, we present a theory of entropic bonding that permits prediction of colloidal crystals by solving a different eigenvalue equation, facilitated by the use of mathematically constructed shape orbitals analogous to atomic orbitals.
Multiscale X-ray study of
Bacillus subtilis
biofilms reveals interlinked structural hierarchy and elemental heterogeneity
Authors: Azulay David N. , Spaeker Oliver , Ghrayeb Mnar , Wilsch-Bräuninger Michaela , Scoppola Ernesto , Burghammer Manfred , Zizak Ivo , Bertinetti Luca , Politi Yael , Chai Liraz 
Published: January 2022

Significance
Biofilms are multicellular, soft microbial communities that are able to colonize synthetic surfaces as well as living organisms. To survive sudden environmental changes and efficiently share their common resources, cells in a biofilm divide into subgroups with distinct functions, leading to phenotypic heterogeneity. Here, by studying intact biofilms by synchrotron X-ray diffraction and fluorescence, we revealed correlations between biofilm macroscopic, architectural heterogeneity and the spatiotemporal distribution of extracellular matrix, spores, water, and metal ions. Our findings demonstrate that biofilm heterogeneity is not only affected by local genetic expression and cellular differentiation but also by passive effects resulting from the physicochemical properties of the molecules secreted by the cells, leading to differential distribution of nutrients that propagate through macroscopic length scales.
Ultra-high Q-factor toroidal dipole resonance and magnetic dipole quasi-bound state in the continuum in an all-dielectric hollow metasurface
Authors: Song Shaozhe , Yu Shilin , Li Hao , Zhao Tonggang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Fano resonance with high Q-factor plays a pivotal role in the field of optoelectronic applications, especially refractive index sensing. However, ultra-high Q-factor for metallic metasurfaces has been a challenge due to their great ohmic losses. Herein, we propose and numerically analyze an all-dielectric hollow metasurface in the near infrared region which consists of silicon cylinders with two asymmetric rectangular hollows. A sharp Fano resonance with modulation depth close to 100% excited by quasi-bound state in continuum, whose Q-factor can reach 8428 when

δ

= 40 nm. With the Cartesian multipole decomposition technique, the two excited Fano resonances can be characterized by toroidal dipole response and magnetic dipole (MD) response, respectively. It is worth noting that the Q-factor of MD mode can reach 17106. Moreover, the dependence of the transmission spectra on different geometric parameters is investigated as well. Due to their narrow linewidths and strong near-field confinement, the proposed structure can be applied to a refractive index sensor, yielding a maximum sensitivity (S) of 160 nm RIU−1 and a maximum figure of merit of 575 RIU−1. It is believed that the proposed structure can offer an excellent prospect for biomedical, agriculture, and chemical sensing applications.
Two-dimensional multi-isotope separation in a gas centrifuge using finite element analysis
Authors: Paudel W , Wood H 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A finite element model of a gas centrifuge is developed to compute the optimal two-dimensional multi-isotope separation. The mass flow field generated using Onsager’s equation without the pancake approximation is used as an input to the diffusion equation for each uranium isotope in the initial form of partial differential equations (PDE). The PDEs are reduced to their weak forms and the resulting integrals evaluated using gauss quadrature. The systems of equations are solved using an optimization routine to satisfy the overall mass and concentration balance inside the machine. The solutions obtained can provide a holistic view of isotopic diffusion inside the centrifuge and the ability to quantify the molecular fraction of various uranium isotopes at a given radial and axial location at any desired initial and operating conditions. While several authors in the past have solved the multi-isotope diffusion problems using 1-D approximations, there are no known 2-D finite element models in literature. The findings of this work, therefore, is not only be significant for the applications of nuclear non-proliferation but also a great analytic tool for nuclear scientific community.
Optimization Criterion for Two-Stage Countercurrent Cascade for Molybdenum Isotopes Separation by the method of laser-assisted retardation of condensation(SILARC)
Authors: Lyakhov K.A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The application of the method of laser-assisted retardation of condensation has been considered for molybdenum isotope separation. Enrichment factor as a function of pressure and temperature of gas flow cold-core have been evaluated. Since the maximal value of the enrichment factor is not high(~ 1.8), to achieve desired enrichment level in products an iterative procedure is applied. To reduce the amount of wastes and increase the performance of the SILARC method, two-stage countercurrent cascade is considered. Relations between the molar and isotopic fractions of target isotopologues on the first and second stages of the cascade at each iteration are found. The Optimization problem is formulated to evaluate optimal physical parameters of this cascade.
Development of the laser isotope separation method to study for the neutrino-less double beta decay of 48Ca
Authors: Ogawa I , Kawashima Y , Hiraiwa T , Tozawa M , Niki H , Tokita S , Han B , Okuda H , Miyanaga N , Umehara S , Matsuoka K , Yoshida S 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Search for the ultra-rare process, neutrino-less double beta decay, is a powerful tool to test the Majorana nature of neutrinos. Among the potential double beta decay nuclei, 48Ca has the largest Q-value, hence we can expect the measurement with least background. On the other hand, due to its low natural abundance, isotope enrichment is essential to achieve the sensitivity in the region of interest (inverted/normal mass hierarchy of neutrinos).
We have been developing a laser isotope separation method using a tunable semiconductor laser that can excite only a specific isotope (48Ca). The laser is irradiated perpendicular to the collimated calcium vapor beam. Only 48Ca atoms are separated by deflecting them from the original atomic beam by momentum transfer due to multiple absorption and emission of laser photons. The isotope separation is confirmed by irradiating an ionization laser and time-of-flight measurement.
Following the success of the proof-of-principle experiment, we are now developing the mass production system which include efficient generation of atomic beams, frequency-stabilized high-power laser, efficient laser irradiation method, and collection method of deflected isotope beams. In this paper, we report on the status and prospects of these developments.