bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytotoxicity test and antibacterial assay on the compound produced by the isolation and modification of artonin E from Artocarpus
kemando Miq.
Authors: Suhartati Tati , Andini Vicka , Ramadhan Ilham , Yandri Yandri , Hadi Sutopo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Artocarpus
kemando Miq. is an Indonesian endemic plant rich in flavonoid compounds and bioactivity. Artonin E (compound 1), a flavonoid compound, was isolated from the branch and root bark of the indicated plant, obtained from Karang Anyar, Klaten, Penengahan, South Lampung. Compound (1) was then modified using diazomethane, which produced compound (2). Both compounds were then identified by TLC using standard compound, after which their UV–Vis, FT-IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectra were compared with literature data. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity assay of the compound (1) was determined using leukemia P-388 cancer cells, which showed a strong anticancer activity with IC50 of 1.56 μg/mL. The antibacterial activity of this compound against Bacillus subtilis showed strong activity for 0.3 mg/disc concentration; compound (2) with 0.5 mg/disc concentration, while against Escherichia coli, compound (1) showed moderate activity, while compound (2) did not show any activity.
Lamb wave based approach to the determination of acoustic material parameters
Authors: Johannesmann Sarah , Claes Leander , Feldmann Nadine , Zeipert Henning , Henning Bernd 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this paper a measurement procedure to identify viscoelastic material parameters of plate-like samples using broadband ultrasonic waves is presented. Ultrasonic Lamb waves are excited via the thermoelastic effect using laser radiation and detected by a piezoelectric transducer. The resulting measurement data is transformed to yield information about multiple propagating Lamb waves as well as their attenuation. These results are compared to simulation results in an inverse procedure to identify the parameters of an elastic and a viscoelastic material model.
Simulationsbasierte Dimensionierung innerbetrieblicher Transportsysteme
Authors: Mestiri Slaheddine , Fottner Johannes 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Die Dimensionierung heterogener Transportsysteme ist aufgrund fehlender vergleichender Ansätze eine schwierige Planungsaufgabe, die mit Unsicherheiten und suboptimalen Lösungen verbunden ist. Die hohe Komplexität solcher Systeme lässt sich außerdem analytisch nicht abbilden. Dieser Beitrag stellt einen simulationsbasierten Ansatz vor, welcher für die vorhandenen Randbedingungen anforderungsgerechte und dennoch kostengünstige Lösungsalternativen für das Transportsystem liefert.
Fehlerprognose in der Automobilmontage
Authors: Huber Tobias , Winkler Herwig 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Die Automobilmontage ist aktuell von der Produktvarianz und dem Faktor Mensch geprägt, sodass diese bisher – trotz zahlreicher präventiver Maßnahmen – nicht gänzlich fehlerfrei gestaltet werden konnte. Mit dem Ziel, jene Fehler prognostizieren zu können, wurde ein Klassifikationsmodell aus dem Bereich des überwachten maschinellen Lernens trainiert und über einen dreimonatigen Zeitraum validiert. Während dieses Zeitraums konnten rund 60 Prozent der relevanten Fehler korrekt vorhergesagt werden.
Anwendung von Datenanalyse im Qualitätsmanagement
Authors: Frey Alex Maximilian , Pampus Oliver , Stadler Finn , Erdler Gilbert-Alexander , Lanza Gisela 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Die Komplexität heutiger Produktionsprozesse in Verbindung mit einer hohen Datenverfügbarkeit birgt Potenzial für den Einsatz von Data Mining (DM) im Qualitätsmanagement (QM), insbesondere für Produkte mit hohen Qualitätsanforderungen. Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt eine systematische Auswahl eines Vorgehensmodells von DM und dessen Integration mit dem DMAIC-Vorgehensmodell vor. Das Ergebnis ist ein anwendungsorientiertes Vorgehensmodell für den Einsatz von DM im Qualitätsmanagement, welches an einem realen industriellen Anwendungsfall demonstriert wird.
Datenbasierte Logistik
Authors: Grill-Kiefer Gerhard , Schröcker Stefan , Krasser Hannes , Körner Stefan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Das breite Spektrum an Tätigkeiten im Supply Chain Management und dessen bestehende Wechselwirkungen führen in Industrieunternehmen zu vielfältigen und herausfordernden Aufgabenstellungen. Für deren ganzheitliche Optimierung bildet eine detaillierte Prozesskostenrechnung die Grundlage. Hierfür sind ein umfassendes Verständnis logistischer Prozesse und die Verfügbarkeit einer von hoher inhaltlicher Qualität gekennzeichneten Datenbasis die Voraussetzung. Darauf aufbauend erfolgt die Entwicklung eines Rechenmodells zur Optimierung der Versorgungsgesamtkosten. In der Modellgestaltung kommt der Visualisierung der Eingangs- und Ergebnisgrößen im Sinne maximaler Transparenz hohe Bedeutung zu. Die Anwendung der Applikation gewährleistet eine datenbasierte Optimierung des Teileversorgungsprozesses.
Foundational Number Sense Training Gains Are Predicted by Hippocampal–Parietal Circuits
Authors: Chang Hyesang , Chen Lang , Zhang Yuan , Xie Ye , de Los Angeles Carlo , Adair Emma , Zanitti Gaston , Wassermann Demian , Rosenberg-Lee Miriam , Menon Vinod 
Published: April 2022

The development of mathematical skills in early childhood relies on number sense, the foundational ability to discriminate among quantities. Number sense in early childhood is predictive of academic and professional success, and deficits in number sense are thought to underlie lifelong impairments in mathematical abilities. Despite its importance, the brain circuit mechanisms that support number sense learning remain poorly understood. Here, we designed a theoretically motivated training program to determine brain circuit mechanisms underlying foundational number sense learning in female and male elementary school-age children (7–10 years). Our 4 week integrative number sense training program gradually strengthened the understanding of the relations between symbolic (Arabic numerals) and nonsymbolic (sets of items) representations of quantity. We found that our number sense training program improved symbolic quantity discrimination ability in children across a wide range of math abilities including children with learning difficulties. Crucially, the strength of pretraining functional connectivity between the hippocampus and intraparietal sulcus, brain regions implicated in associative learning and quantity discrimination, respectively, predicted individual differences in number sense learning across typically developing children and children with learning difficulties. Reverse meta-analysis of interregional coactivations across 14,371 fMRI studies and 89 cognitive functions confirmed a reliable role for hippocampal–intraparietal sulcus circuits in learning. Our study identifies a canonical hippocampal–parietal circuit for learning that plays a foundational role in children's cognitive skill acquisition. Findings provide important insights into neurobiological circuit markers of individual differences in children's learning and delineate a robust target for effective cognitive interventions.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMathematical skill development relies on number sense, the ability to discriminate among quantities. Here, we develop a theoretically motivated training program and investigate brain circuits that predict number sense learning in children during a period important for acquisition of foundational cognitive skills. Our integrated number sense training program was effective in children across a wide a range of math abilities, including children with learning difficulties. We identify hippocampal–parietal circuits that predict individual differences in learning gains. Our study identifies a brain circuit critical for the acquisition of foundational cognitive skills, which will be useful for developing effective interventions to remediate learning disabilities.
Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome: A Comparison of As-Needed Pharmacotherapy
Authors: Morrison Tierney M. , MacMillan Kathryn Dee L , Melvin Patrice , Singh Rachana , Murzycki Jennifer , Van Vleet Marcia W , Rothstein Robert , O’Shea Thomas F. , Gupta Munish , Schiff Davida M. , Wachman Elisha M. 
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
Methadone and morphine are commonly administered medications for neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS). Infants are increasingly treated with as-needed or “pro re nata” (PRN) medication. The optimal pharmacologic agent for PRN treatment of NOWS has not been examined. This study’s objective is to compare NOWS hospital outcomes between infants treated with PRN methadone versus morphine.

METHODS
We performed a retrospective cohort study of infants pharmacologically treated for NOWS across 4 Massachusetts hospitals between January 2018 and February 2021. Infants born ≥36 weeks gestation with prenatal opioid exposure treated with PRN methadone or morphine were included. Mixed effects logistic and linear regression models were employed to evaluate differences in transition rates to scheduled dosing, length of stay, and number of PRN doses administered depending on PRN treatment agent.

RESULTS
There were 86 infants in the methadone group and 52 in the morphine group. There were no significant differences in NOWS hospital outcomes between groups in adjusted models: transition to scheduled dosing (methadone 31.6% vs morphine 28.6%, adjusted odds ratio 1.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.87–1.19), mean length of stay (methadone 15.5 vs morphine 14.3 days, adjusted risk ratio 1.06, 95% CI 0.80–1.41), and the mean number of PRN doses (methadone 2.3 vs morphine 3.4, adjusted risk ratio 0.65, 95% CI 0.41–1.02). There was an association with nonpharmacologic care practices and improved NOWS hospital outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS
There were no significant differences in NOWS hospitalization outcomes based on pharmacologic agent type; nonpharmacologic care practices were most strongly associated with improved NOWS hospitalization outcomes.
Biodiversity of Sciaridae (Diptera) in Ukraine
Authors: Babytskiy A. I. , Bezsmertna O. O. , Protsenko Y. V. , Pavliuk S. D. , Rubanovska N. V. 
Published: April 2022

Sciarids (Diptera, Sciaridae) or black fungus gnats are small, mainly dark coloured insects whose larvae usually develop in rotting plant remains permeated by fungal hyphae. Typical habitats for sciarids are shaded forests and wet meadows, but some species can migrate from natural biotopes to anthropogenic ecosystems and live as synanthropes. We have investigated ecological and chorological features of sciarids in Ukraine since 2012. Within this work, we collected imagoes during expeditions and excursions in different biotopes using the Malaise trap, by the method of sweeping and with exhauster directly from substrate. Collected imagoes were placed into 5 mL vials with 70% ethanol. In the lab fixed material was dehydrated in absolute ethanol and mounted on the slides in Euparal. Previous registrations are based on 6 field collections, two of them were carried out in the XIX century, 4 observations of “army worms” and two pest records. From published material of these collections 78 sciarid species were known from 17 genera in 8 more or less specified localities of Ukraine. Our sciarid study in the country expanded the data on registered sciarids by adding 18 new species and enriched information about the distribution of sciarids by 86 new findings of previously known species in 12 regions (Volyn, Cherkasy, Chernihiv, Ivano-Frankivsk, Kharkiv, Khmelnytsk, Kyiv, Lviv, Odesa, Poltava, Rivne and Ternopil) of Ukraine. The current checklist of Sciaridae of Ukraine contains 96 species from 17 genera in 168 localities. Through comparison with Germany, whose sciarid fauna is studied much better, for Ukraine we can predict the presence approximately 400 sciarid species, so the species diversity of Sciaridae in Ukraine still poorly known for the known species does not exceed 25 percent of presumed existing species here. The majority of sciarid findings are registered in different types of broadleaf forest biotopes, only a few species have been found also in grassland habitats. Some sciarid species show synanthropic attraction and have been registered in anthropogenic habitats, for example Bradysia fenestralis (pest of cultivated plants in greenhouses), Corynoptera dentiforceps, Scatopsciara atomaria and Corynoptera tridentata. Larvae of Bradysia placida develop in rotten wood, also development of Corynoptera membranigera preimaginal phases possibly takes place in the fruit bodies of fungi (Neoboletus luridiformis, Russula sp.) and Mycetozoa (Fuligo septica).
Managerial Competencies and Firm Performance in the Furniture Manufacturing Sector in Kenya
Authors: Were Jane 
Published: April 2022

Purpose: The study aims to examine the contribution of managerial competencies with indicators, namely leadership, employee development, decision making, succession planning and governance to the performance of the furniture manufacturing sector with firm size and firm age as a moderating variable.
Design / Method / Approach: The study adopted a descriptive and explanatory research design of which a sample of 280 licensed firms was randomly selected. Structured questionnaires were distributed to the managers and a factor analysis was used to reduce the number of variables and find out the underlying constructs while the analysis of moments of structures was applied to develop a theory.
Findings: The study found that managerial competencies and firm performance had a positive and statistically significant contribution. The moderating effect of firm size and age on firm performance was found negative predicting that the variable had no moderating influence on firm performance.
Theoretical Implications: This study concludes that to enhance firm performance measured in terms of profitability and growth there is need to manage and sustain firm performance based on leadership, employee development, decision-making, succession planning and governance to create competitive advantages through an effective strategy implementation process.
Practical Implications: This study will not only add value to the existing body of knowledge in strategic management practice but also point out that while implementing the strategy, CEOs and senior managers should consider these factors in order to improve firm performance.
Originality / Value: This study is unique since it provides an expansion of the conceptualization of a managerial competency framework.
Research Limitations / Future Research: The study findings are solely based on the views of managers/owners and therefore, the results are prone to managers’ bias. Thus, more studies should incorporate other stakeholders, namely consumers, suppliers and dealers. The study is only based on furniture manufacturing firms in eight counties and therefore, generalizability of the findings could be limited to only the eight counties. Thus, more studies should be carried out to include other counties making the study more national.
Paper type: Empirical
Micromechanics of soft materials using microfluidics
Authors: Xu Yufan , Zhu Hongjia , Shen Yi , Guttenplan Alexander P. M. , Saar Kadi L. , Lu Yuqian , Vigolo Daniele , Itzhaki Laura S. , Knowles Tuomas P. J. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Micron-scale soft materials are finding a wide range of applications in bioengineering and molecular medicine, while also increasingly emerging as useful components for consumer products. The mechanical characterization of such microscale soft objects is conventionally performed with techniques such as atomic force microscopy or micropipette aspiration that measure the local properties of micron scale objects in a serial manner. To permit scalable characterization of the global mechanical properties of soft microscale objects, we developed and describe here a microfluidic platform that can be used for performing parallelized integrated measurements of the shear modulus of individual microscale particles. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach by characterizing the mechanical properties of multiple protein microgels in parallel, and show that the obtained values are in good agreement with conventional serial measurements. This platform allows parallelized in situ measurements of the mechanical properties of soft deformable micron-scale particles, and builds on scalable single-layer soft-photolithography fabrication, making the measurement system readily adaptable for a range of potential applications.

Graphical Abstract
Spatial visualisation ability as correlate of senior school students’ achievement in physics in Sokoto state, Nigeria
Authors: Amuda Afees Akanni , Omosewo Esther O. 
Published: April 2022

This paper examined spatial visualisation ability as correlate of senior school students’ achievement in Physics in Sokoto State, Nigeria. The objectives of the study were to: (i) examine the relationship between senior school students’ spatial visualisation ability and their achievement in Physics; (ii) determine the relationship between senior school students’ spatial visualisation ability and their achievement in physics based on gender; (iii) assess the relationship between students’ spatial visualisation ability and their achievement in physics based on school type.
This research adopted ex post facto research of the co-relational type. The population for the study were Senior Secondary School II (SSS II) students in Sokoto State. Proportional sampling technique was used in sample selection. Seven hundred and thirty-one (731) SSS II students, offered Physics in senior secondary schools across the three senatorial districts in Sokoto State, Nigeria, formed the sample for the study. Research instruments, employed to elicit data for the study, were: Students’ Spatial Ability Test (SSAT), and Physics Achievement Test (PAT). The instruments were validated by experts in science education, and Practicing Physics teachers in Sokoto, giving reliability coefficients 0.79 and 0.89 respectively. The data gathered were analysed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Statistic and Z-test statistic, at .05 level of significance.
The findings of the study were that:

there was statistically significant relationship between students’ spatial visualisation ability and their achievement in Physics (r=0.32, p < .05);
there was statistically significant difference in the strength of the relationship between students’ spatial visualisation ability and their achievement in Physics based on gender as the Zobs – value (-2.01) was outside ±1.96 boundary in favour of female students; and

iii there was statistically significant difference in the strength of the relationship between spatial visualisation ability and achievement in Physics based on school type as the Zobs – value (-5.08) was outside ±1.96 boundary in favour of private schools.
It was concluded, that students’ spatial visualisation ability positively predict their achievement in Physics. It was recommended, that students should be trained on spatial ability so as to be able to predict correctly their achievement in Physics
Long-Term Yoga and Aerobic/Strength Exercise Adherence in Older Women with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Mixed Methods Approach
Authors: Cheung Corjena , Wyman Jean F. , Peden-McAlpine Cynthia 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Hatha yoga (HY) and aerobic and strengthening exercise (ASE) programs are recommended for optimal management of osteoarthritis. However, evidence on long-term adherence to these programs and factors that influence it is lacking in older adults. The purposes of this study were to (1) describe and compare long-term HY and ASE adherence in community-dwelling older women with knee osteoarthritis 12 months post–HY/ASE intervention programs; (2) identify benefits and facilitators of, and barriers to, long-term adherence; and (3) examine other self-care interventions used after completing HY or ASE programs. Adherence was defined as following the prescribed HY/ASE program or incorporating the practice into daily habits. Five semistructured focus group interviews and 12 months of exercise diaries were obtained from 28 women (mean age 71.2 years). Long-term adherence to the prescribed HY or ASE regimen was relatively high, albeit adapted to individual needs, priorities, and preferences. Over the 12-month follow-up period, participants spent on average 3.5 days/3.1 hours per week on exercise. Most participants remained physically active by modifying their prescribed programs and integrating elements of the interventions into their own exercise regimens. Facilitators to long-term adherence were perceived benefits, having an exercise routine/habit, and program structure/instruction. Poor health status, lack of time, and exercise preferences were identified as barriers. Participants used a variety of self-care interventions including oral supplements and alternative diets for managing their osteoarthritis. This work suggests that exercise programs for osteoarthritis that incorporate individual preferences, flexible hours, and easy-to-follow instructions are most likely to result in long-term adherence.
Low-Noise Optical Accelerometers: Bridging the Gaps among Geophones, Accelerometers, and Broadbands in a Deep Borehole
Authors: Hopp Chet , Taira Taka’aki , Robertson Michelle , Farrugia Joseph J. , Layland-Bachmann Corinne , Majer Ernie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Earthquakes and other seismic sources produce waves with frequency content spanning many orders of magnitude. Recording a broader frequency band of interest has historically required deploying multiple instruments designed to work the best within limited, overlapping frequency ranges. Here, we detail a 300 m deep borehole deployment of a sensor package, including three new optical accelerometers that can potentially replace many dedicated instruments with a single, low-noise sensor. These instruments are designed with a flat frequency response from 0.005 to 1500 Hz, spanning the flat response segments of broadband sensors and geophones, as well as a low-noise floor and high sensitivity. The sensors have been functioning normally for over four years, fully grouted at depths of &gt;100 m. Year-long power spectral density (PSD) profiles show that the optical accelerometers have a lower noise floor than a colocated geophone for all frequencies, with 20 dB noise reduction at 250 Hz. PSD comparisons to a broadband sensor installed at the surface show a 5–30 dB noise reduction for the optical accelerometer above 1 Hz, although this is likely due, in part, to the broadband sensor being subjected to much higher surface noise. At periods &gt;5 s, the broadband sensor shows up to 20 dB lower noise than the optical accelerometer, which in turn has up to 50 dB lower noise floor than the colocated geophone. Finally, modeling the Brune displacement spectrum for theoretical seismicity within 1 km of the borehole shows that the optical accelerometers could potentially deliver a detection threshold improvement of one magnitude unit relative to the colocated geophone.