bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Physicochemical Changes of Soft Clay around Deep Geopolymer Columns
Authors: Bagherinia Majid , Işik Neşe 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Geopolymers show good promise for soft clay stabilization. This paper aimed to improve soft clay with geopolymer and evaluate the effects of geopolymer-stabilized columns on the mechanical and chemical behavior of the surrounding clay. Ranges of tests were conducted on both stabilized and unstabilized specimens to determine the impacts of geopolymer on the clay structure. The results showed that increasing the binder content and curing time significantly increased the unconfined compressive strength of stabilized samples. Microstructure and mineralogy analyses revealed that hardened materials were formed within the geopolymer matrix from the amorphous clay phases. In addition, the formation of the effective area around the geopolymer-stabilized columns resulted in the water content of soft clay decreasing while the undrained shear strength, pH, and electric conductivity values increased. Furthermore, the bearing capacity of soft clay dramatically increased (30-fold) due to an increase in column area.
Quantitative evaluation of pulmonary hypertension using 4D flow MRI: a retrospective study
Authors: Koike Hirofumi , Sueyoshi Eijun , Nishimura Takamasa , Morikawa Minoru , Uetani Masataka 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe vascular disorder that may affect 50% of patients with heart failure. Currently, right-sided heart catheterization is required to definitively diagnose PH. However, this method is invasive and thus may not be appropriate for repeated, long-term monitoring of PH patients. This retrospective study’s aim was to evaluate whether 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to quantitively measure flow parameters to identify patients with PH. The study cohort included 97 patients recruited from a single institution and divided into three groups based on echocardiographic estimate of pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP): normal group with PASP<36mmHg, borderline PH group with PASP of 37–50mmHg, and PH group with PASP>50mmHg. 4D flow MRI was used to quantitively assess blood flow and velocity, regurgitation, wall shear stress (WSS) and kinetic energy in the pulmonary artery trunk, right main pulmonary artery, and left pulmonary artery. Two experienced radiologists independently analyzed the MR images, blinded to clinical details. We found a significant difference in WSS in the pulmonary artery trunk, right main pulmonary artery and left main pulmonary artery among the three patient groups. We also found significant differences in the kinetic energy and average through velocity in the pulmonary artery trunk and right main pulmonary artery, and significant differences in the flow rate in the right main pulmonary artery. These data suggest that 4D flow MRI can quantitate pulmonary artery flow parameters and distinguish between patients with and without PH.
Evaluation of health services to The residents of UNHR in Sarvestan refugee camp based on the responsive evaluation model in the Covid epidemic 19
Authors: Bazrafkan Leila , mohseni roghayeh , hamidi Forough , mohseni zeinab 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction:Due to the spread of social, economic and political problems, the number of asylum seekers is increasing every year. Lack of attention to asylum seekers' access to quality health services not only poses a serious threat to the health of asylum seekers, but also to the general health of the destination community. Due to the importance of this issue, the present study was conducted to evaluate the health care services to the citizens of Commissariat Camp Sarvestan (UHNR) based on the responsive evaluation model.
Materials and Methods: The present study was a quantitative cross-sectional study conducted in 2020. The statistical population of this study was Afghans over 15 years old living in UHNR camp (Shahid Beheshti Hospitalm Sarvestan, Fars province). Due to the limited statistical population, sampling was done by census method and the total number of samples in the present study was 270 people. The main tool of the present study was a questionnaire based on the responsive evaluation model. In this study, components of health services, including health services, physician-patient relationship, therapeutic collaboration and access to services were evaluated. SPSS software version 21 was used for statistical analysis of data.
Results:Among the components of health services, the highest score for physician-patient communication (17.88±6.91) and the lowest score for treatment coordination (14.58±5.8). The results of this study showed that 75-90% of the participants in all 4 dimensions had a relatively good to moderate theoretical dimension that reflected the relative satisfaction of the services and only 10 to 25% of the subjects presented poor and relatively poor grades. Furthermore, the results of the statistical test of the quantitative analysis section showed a statistically significant difference between the total score of health care services and age and gender (p = 0.003 and p = 0.001, respectively).
Conclusion:In all components more than 75% of the participants had high satisfaction, which indicates the efforts, cooperation and planning of relevant officials in the field of health services in this camp..
Community Based Conservation Approaches: Implications for Biodiversity Conservation and Socio-economic development of Local community in Bale Mountains National Park, South East Ethiopia.
Authors: Gena Hussein , Jemal Mustefa 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Community based conservation approaches are the holistic way to ensure appropriate biodiversity conservation and livelihood improvement in many protected areas across the world. However involvement of local community in conservation activities and benefit sharing in many protected areas are not well implemented. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of community based conservation approaches for biodiversity conservation and socio-economic development. To address the stated objectives, required data were gathered from both primary and secondary sources. The result of the study revealed that parks provide various benefits for the local communities which are found in and adjacent to the park. Regarding perceived benefits from park, there was significant difference among community based association and non-community based association at (X2 = 92.071, df = 1, P < 0.05) while no significant difference was observed across kebeles. In spite of variation in perception among local community on park conservation, it was revealed that the communities contribute towards conservation of the park by controlling outbreak of fire and informing wildlife attack. Regarding strengths and weakness of community based conservation approaches as the finding indicated that internal factors out weight the external factors which imply that implementing the approaches is crucial for successful conservation of the park.
Hydrothermal carbonization of microalgal biomass: an eco-sustainable process to improve properties and effectiveness of microalgae in different applications
Authors: Mantovani Marco , Collina Elena , Lasagni Marina , Mezzanotte Valeria 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Microalgae have historically been a subject of great interest in scientific research. However, despite algae can be exploited in many different fields, management and process costs have often slowed down the development of large-scale industrial applications. This review aims to provide an overview of possible improvements in properties and characteristics of microalgal biomass from various points of view. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), which is the main object of this literature research, is a thermochemical treatment of an organic substrate forming a porous carbon-based solid material (hydrochar). The review focuses on the HTC process at a laboratory scale to produce hydrochar from microalgae. The studies show the advantages of using hydrochar as a soil amendment for crop farming, for fuel generation, or as an adsorbent material to remove contaminants from water, using it as such or in combination with iron nanoparticles.
Analyzing Urban Locational Competitiveness: A PCA-Based Competitive Approach
Authors: Afsahhosseini Fatemehalsadat 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In spite of the complexity of the concept of competitiveness, its goal is, to some extent clear to be able to outperform other competitors. The four components of urban competitiveness are economic, socio-cultural, environmental and locational. Review of major City competitiveness models used for analysis of subjects of subnational level revealed that most of the models emphasize economic factors affecting city competitiveness pay no or very limited attention to other types of factors, especially those that are outside of direct city control. But, Since most of the information needed to manage a city has a spatial dimension, take attention to the locational side of competitiveness is very important.
The general objective of this research is to identify the factors influencing the promotion of urban locational competitiveness. From the UN perspective, there are three different ways of identifying the real factors of urban competitiveness. With regard to the research paradigm, which is positivist, a quantitative/statistical method was chosen among the three methods proposed. Urban competitiveness locational indices are Hypsography, Location Conditions, Accessibility, and Spatial Data Infrastructure. The principal component analysis is the data analysis method using SPSS and Minitab software and XLSTAT. The first five principal components explain 0.87 variances.
Evaluation of grape pomace biogas yield in co-digestion with a simulated wastewater
Authors: Oliveira Rui , Gonçalves Isolina Maria Silva Cabral , Mendonça António , Pinheiro Helena , Ferra Maria Isabel 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The purpose of the present work is the evaluation of the biogas yield from red grape pomace (GP) in anaerobic mesophilic regime. Several factors may influence the biogas yield, namely the heterogeneous nature of the available substrates, the presence of poorly degradable matter, the average size of solid substrates and the mass load. The increase of the specific surface area of the particles makes easy the hydrolysis rate, so the bioavailability of substrates, enhancing the degradation efficiency. Also, an increase of the GP mass load by a factor of two may lead to an increase of the biogas production up to three to four-fold. However, high mass loads may also trigger inhibition lowering the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal, negative effect that is expected to be attenuated by the supplementation of soluble carbon sources. The COD and phenol removal corroborate the high degradation efficiency of the solubilized substrates in the raw GP. A significant percentage of grape pomace is not completely broken down within the experimental period, remaining as a fraction of the residual sludge, which could be used as biofertilizer. For instance, a biogas yielding up to 144 L biogas / kg volatile solids (VS) added was achieved, value much lower than that considering the entire degraded substrate (which ranged from 521 to 719 L biogas/kg VS removed) and the theoretically estimated value (approximately 800 L biogas/kg VS removed). This preliminary evaluation may provide useful information to carry on planning new experiments to improve the methane yield. The efficiency of anaerobic degradation and the energy consumption associated to the milling process should be considered in the definition of a more reliable situation.
Multilingual markers of depression in remotely collected speech samples
Authors: Cummins Nicholas , Dineley Judith , Conde Pauline , Matcham Faith , Siddi Sara , Lamers Femke , Carr Ewan , Lavelle Grace , Leightley Daniel , White Katie , Oetzmann Carolin , Campbell Edward , Simblett Sara , Bruce Stuart , Haro Josep , Penninx Brenda , Ranjan Yatharth , Rashid Zulqarnain , Stewart Callum , Folarin Amos , Bailón Raquel , Schuller Björn , Wykes Til , Vairavan Srinivasan , Dobson Richard , Narayan Vaibhav , Hotopf Matthew 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground Speech contains neuromuscular, physiological, and cognitive components and so is a potential biomarker of mental disorders. Previous studies have indicated that speaking rate and pausing are associated with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, results are inclusive as many studies are small and underpowered and do not focus on clinical samples. These studies have also been unilingual and use speech collected in highly controlled settings. If speech markers are to help understand the onset and progress of MDD, we need to uncover markers that are robust to language and establish the strength of associations in real-world data. Methods We collected speech data in 585 participants with a history of MDD in the United Kingdom, Spain, and Netherlands as part of the RADAR-MDD study. Participants recorded their speech via smartphones every two weeks for 18 months. Linear mixed models were used to identify key cross-language markers of depression from a set of 28 speech features. Findings: Increased depressive symptoms were associated with speech rate, articulation rate and intensity of speech elicited from a scripted speech task. These three features had consistently stronger effect sizes than pauses. Interpretation: Participants with more severe depressive symptoms spoke more slowly and quietly, regardless of the language used. As decreases in speech rate and articulation rate had stronger effects than any of the pausing measures tested, we speculate the observed slowing of speech is most likely due to psychomotor impairments affecting articulation rates.
Business As Usual Versus Climate-responsive, Optimised Crop Plans - A Predictive Model for Irrigated Agriculture in Australia in 2060
Authors: Lewis Andrew , Montgomery James , Lewis Max , Randall Marcus , Schiller Karin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Climate change is impacting people's lives, with management of water resources and food security being major concerns for the future of many countries. In this paper, future water availability, crop water needs, yields, market costs and returns of current crops in a case study area in Australia is evaluated under future climatic conditions. The predictive methods on which the work is based have the advantage of being robust---they able to simultaneously consider many climate change models---giving greater confidence in determining what the future will hold in this regard. The results indicate business as usual, in terms of the quantity and types of crops that can be grown presently, will not be sustainable in the medium and long term future. Instead, modelling indicates that changes in production and land use to maximise revenue per megalitre of water will be needed to adapt to future conditions and deliver climate-smart agriculture.
The Parctice of the Micro-Course Combined with Flipped Classroom in Emergency Medicine Education
Authors: Yang Cui , Han Sheng-Jin , MM Long Jin , MM Lu Jiang , Zhou Zheng-Wu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND:With the reform of medical education methods, a novel educational resource “micro-course” and a new educational model “flipped classroom” have attracted the attention of educators. There are few indicates about whether and how they can be applied in emergency medicine teaching in the past period.
OBJECTIVE: This paper investigates the practice of the micro-course combined with the flipped classroom in emergency medicine course in West Anhui Health Vocational College.
SUBJECTS and METHODS: The students from Class 2003 and Class 2004 of the Clinical Department of West Anhui Health Vocational College, Grade 2000, were assigned to the reforming group and the traditional group respectively. The education style of the micro-course combined with the flipped classroom was applied to the reforming group, and the didactic teaching style was used in the traditional group. At the end of the course, theoretical tests and questionnaires were used to test the teaching results.
RESULTS: The results of theory tests in reforming group were significantly better than those in traditional group (t=3.122, P <0.01). Furthermore, the outcomes of the questionnaire investigation indicated that the students' general satisfaction to participate in micro-course combined with flipped classroom was exceed traditional group. In the refroming group, the students thought that their passion to learning, efficiency of learning, and ability of learning on their own and solving the problem were greatly enhanced comparing with traditional teaching method.
CONCLUSION: Micro-course combined with flipped classroom successfully increased the outcome of emergency medicine teaching. It should provide reference for the reform of emergency medicine teaching in medical colleges and universities.
Evaluating the Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Mutations by Causal Inference
Authors: Wang Xin , Hu Mingda , Liu Bo , Xu Huifang , Jin Yuan , Wang Boqian , Zhao Yunxiang , Wu Jun , Yue Junjie , Ren Hongguang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Driven by various mutations on the viral Spike protein, diverse variants of SARS-CoV-2 have emerged and prevailed repeatedly, which necessitates the identification of key Spike mutations for fitness enhancement. To address the need, this manuscript formulates a principled framework of causal inference for evaluating Spike mutations. In the context of large-scale genomes of SARS-CoV-2, it estimates the contribution of mutations to viral fitness across lineages and validates mutational effects on the Spike stability, receptor-binding affinity, and potential for immune escape. Key fitness-enhancing mutations and protein regions are recognized and studied. The transmission capacity of any new variant possessing these mutations can be predicted based on our model, solely based on the viral sequence. This research produces an innovative and systematic insight into SARS-CoV-2 and promotes functional studies of its key mutations.
Analysis of the microalgae community found in acid lake of uranium mine: bioprospecting for evaluation of biotechnological potential
Authors: Flor Janaina Magalhães , Schenberg Ana Clara Guerrini , Nascimento Heliana de Azevedo Franco do , Oliveira Maria José Dellamano 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The first uranium mine that had its deposit explored in Brazil is located in the region of the Poços de Caldas Plateau (Minas Gerais) and currently, mining activities no longer take place there. Still, a serious environmental problem occurs at the site: acid mine drainage. An alternative to monitor such environments is through the analysis of the microalgae community, as this can provide information about species with biotechnological potential for remediation actions. In the present study, an analysis of the composition of the microalgae community found in the UDC/INB uranium mine pit (point CM) and in the Antas Reservoir (point 14) was carried out, and a comparison was made between these points in order to identify the present species that play important roles in the biotechnology area. The expected result was to find a much lower microalgae diversity in CM than in P14. However, the results were very similar: in both sampling sites, a taxonomically diverse microalgae flora was found, dominated by the Bacillariophyceae and Chlorophyceae classes. In addition, at both sites, microalgae were recorded which are widely used in biotechnological processes of environmental remediation, removal of contaminants from wastewater, production of biofuels, pigments, medicines, among others, showing that the use of microalgae for various purposes is a very promising and environmentally sustainable path.
Wall shear stress measurements in water by molecular tagging velocimetry at high spatio-temporal resolution
Authors: Fort Charles , Bardet Philippe Matthieu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Wall shear stress is one of the most important (if not the most important) quantities to resolve for many applied fields of fluid mechanics, including naval hydrodynamics and aerodynamics. In high-Reynolds number flows, it cannot be simulated directly and one is forced to use models. The latter typically rely on experimental dataset for their development and subsequent validation. However, measuring wall shear stress at high Reynolds numbers is very challenging, especially in water. Historically, molecular tagging velocimetry (MTV) has been demonstrated to measure instantaneous wall shear stress, but it suffers from limited temporal and spatial resolutions. By generating fine and prompt patterns (thanks to Talbot-effect structured illumination and photobleaching rhodamine 6G, respectively), we demonstrate MTV with unprecedented spatio-temporal resolution. Here, the measurement of instantaneous wall shear stress is reported in a transitional boundary layer and in a turbulent channel flow at ReΤ ≈ 800 and 1,200.
Discovery of nematic Bogoliubov Fermi surface in an iron-chalcogenide superconductor
Authors: Nagashima Tsubaki , Hashimoto Takahiro , Najafzadeh Sahand , Ouchi Shin-ichiro , Suzuki Takeshi , Fukushima Akiko , Kasahara Shigeru , Matsuura Kohei , Qiu Mingwei , Mizukami Yuta , Hashimoto Kenichiro , Matsuda Yuji , Shibauchi Takasada , Shin Shik , Okazaki Kozo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Bogoliubov Fermi surface (BFS) is an unprecedented superconducting gap structure in which the nodal (zero-gap) region forms a two-dimensional surface rather than a line or point. Tetragonal Fe(Se,S) having a large residual density of states is a candidate for hosting BFSs. However, direct evidence has not yet been obtained. Here we report the unique momentum dependence of the superconducting gap in the hole band of FeSe0.78S0.22 by using high-energy-resolution laser-based angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. We find highly unusual gap anisotropy with a maximum gap of ~1 meV and widespread zero-gap regions with an accuracy of 200 μeV. Surprisingly, the gap structure breaks the four-fold rotational symmetry of the tetragonal crystal structure. These results reveal the formation of anomalous two-fold symmetric nodal planes, providing evidence for emergent nematic BFSs.
Spatial Pattern and Equity Evaluation of Urban Park: A Case Study of Shinan District, Qingdao
Authors: Wang Xing Yu , Yao Wenfei , Meng Tian 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Urban parks play a distinctive and important role in satisfying residents’ demands on leisure and recreation, and thus have become the focus of research in the field of urban planning and sustainable development. The measurement of the equity of the spatial pattern of urban park plays an important role in optimizing the construction of urban parks. In this paper, the administrative streets of Shinan District of Qingdao City were taken as the spatial unit. Three aspects of urban park (supply quantity, landscape quality, and accessibility measures) were analyzed by the principal component analysis, two-step moving search method, and coupled coordination analysis. Results show that (1) Administrative streets have the most significant differences in accessibility measures and the least differences in landscape quality. Badaguan Street has the highest indexes in the number of urban parks supply and accessibility measures, and Zhuhai Road Street has the highest indexes in landscape quality. (2) On the whole, the coupling coordination of the spatial pattern of urban parks in Shinan District is poor, among which the coordination level of Badaguan Street is the highest and has moderately coordinated. Our results provide a valuable reference for sustainable urban design and planning.