bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emotional Distress, Targeted Rejection, and Antibody Production After Influenza Vaccination in Adolescence
Authors: Corallo Kelsey L. , Lyle Sarah M. , Carlock Michael A. , Ross Ted M. , Ehrlich Katherine B. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective
The purpose of this study was to explore how both ongoing emotional distress and the experience of a targeted rejection over the past 6 months are associated with adolescents’ antibody response to influenza virus vaccination. We predicted that experiencing a targeted rejection would amplify the hypothesized negative association between emotional distress and antibody response after vaccination.

Methods
Adolescent participants (N = 148) completed two study visits (mean [standard deviation] days between visits = 27.4 [1.8]). At the first visit, they provided blood samples, were administered the seasonal (2018–2019) quadrivalent influenza vaccine (Fluzone, Sanofi Pasteur), completed questionnaires, and participated in a semistructured interview. At the second visit, they provided another blood sample. Hemagglutination-inhibition assays were conducted to determine prevaccination and postvaccination antibody titers. Targeted rejection experiences were coded from adolescents’ interviews.

Results
The emotional distress by targeted rejection interaction predicted antibody response to the two A strains and the composite of all vaccine strains (b values = −0.451 to −0.843, p values < .05), but not the two B strains. Results suggested that, among adolescents who experienced a targeted rejection over the past 6 months, emotional distress was negatively associated with vaccine response (however, this finding did not reach statistical significance). Conversely, among adolescents who did not experience a targeted rejection, emotional distress was positively associated with vaccine response (b = 0.173, p = .032).

Conclusions
The current study highlights the importance of evaluating both acute life events and ongoing distress as they relate to adaptive immune functioning in adolescence.
Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia as a Physiological Resilience Marker for Children’s Health
Authors: Alen Nicholas V. , Deer LillyBelle K. , Hostinar Camelia E. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective
The current study aimed to test parasympathetic nervous system activity, indexed through resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) as a resilience factor that moderates the associations between socioeconomic status (SES), circulating cytokines, and somatic health in children.

Methods
The sample included 181 parent-child dyads (mean [standard deviation] child age = 9.91 [0.57] years; 50.3% boys). Parents reported on family income, parental education, and subjective social status, to index SES. Children provided serum samples for assaying circulating inflammatory cytokines and had RSA measured during a 5-minute seated resting period. We used a composite measure of inflammation that combined standardized measures of interleukin 6, interleukin 10, and tumor necrosis factor α. Parents reported on their child’s global health impairment and number of chronic health conditions.

Results
Lower SES was associated with poorer global health, and higher levels of inflammation were associated with poorer global health, but these associations were not significant among children with high resting RSA. Specifically, resting RSA moderated the association between SES and global health impairment (B = 0.09, standard error [SE] = 0.02, p < .001). Preliminary evidence suggests that resting RSA may also moderate the association between inflammation and global health impairment (B = −0.12, SE = 0.03, p < .001), although this effect was no longer significant after Winsorizing an outlier value of a child with high global health impairment (B = −0.06, SE = 0.03, p = .04).

Conclusions
High resting RSA may represent a physiological profile of resilience in children, weakening the associations between low SES and poor somatic health, and between greater inflammation and poor somatic health.
Bidirectional Association Between Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Among Probands and Unaffected Siblings: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
Authors: Liou Ying-Jay , Tsai Shih-Jen , Bai Ya-Mei , Cheng Chih-Ming , Chen Tzeng-Ji , Liang Chih-Sung , Chen Mu-Hong 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective
Studies have reported a biological link between obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and systemic autoimmune disease (SAID). However, whether the unaffected siblings of patients with OCD or SAID are more likely to develop subsequent SAID or OCD later in life remains unclear.

Methods
We examined the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database data of 17,135 patients with SAID, 30,672 unaffected siblings, and 467,211 non-SAID reference subjects born before 2000 for subsequent OCD during 1996–2011 and those of 25,364 patients with OCD, 42,546 unaffected siblings, and 654,207 non-OCD reference subjects to identify subsequent SAID during 1996–2011.

Results
Patients with SAID (odds ratio = 1.74, 95% confidence interval = 1.31–2.31) and unaffected siblings (1.25, 0.92–1.70) were more likely to develop OCD later in life than the non-SAID reference group. Moreover, patients with OCD (odds ratio = 1.53, 95% confidence interval = 1.15–2.05) and unaffected siblings (1.51, 1.21–1.87) were more likely to develop any form of SAID during the follow-up than the non-OCD reference group.

Conclusions
The bidirectional association of OCD and SAID between probands and siblings may indicate a familial coaggregation of these two conditions. Additional studies elucidating the genetic and environmental mechanisms underlying this coaggregation are warranted.
Somatic Symptoms in Adolescents With an Ill Parent
Authors: Elliott Lindsey C. , Stager Lindsay M. , Long Dustin , Goodin Burel R. , Fobian Aaron D. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective
Parent chronic illness may increase somatic symptomology risk in children. The current study examines this association in relation to a variety of chronic illnesses and also considers possible related parental and adolescent background factors.

Methods
Secondary analyses used longitudinal data from the University of North Carolina National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. Interviews were used to assess demographics, adolescent somatic symptoms, living situation, and parental illness and general physical health. Somatic symptoms in adolescents with no ill parents (n = 2302 adolescents; Mage = 15.3) were compared with adolescents with ill mothers (n = 2336; Mage = 15.3), ill fathers (n = 1304; Mage = 15.3), or two ill parents (n = 3768; Mage = 15.3) using Poisson regression models. We also examined the role of living status, adolescent sex, and parent general physical health on somatic symptom outcomes.

Results
Elevated somatic symptoms were observed in adolescents with ill mothers (mean ratio [MR] = 1.15, p = .015) and with both parents ill (MR = 1.10, p < .001). Among adolescents with ill parents, females had more symptoms than males (ill mother: MR = 1.12, p < .001; ill father: MR = 1.23, p < .001; and both parents ill: MR = 1.23, p < .001). Poorer maternal physical health also increased somatic symptom risk (MR = 1.12, p = .02). Longitudinally, adolescents with ill mothers (MR = 1.14, p < .001), ill fathers (MR = 1.13, p < .001), or both parents ill (MR = 1.16, p < .001) had increased somatic symptom risk. Wave I somatic symptoms also increased future risk: ill mother (MR = 1.19, p < .001), ill father (MR = 1.22, p < .001), or both parents ill (MR = 1.20, p < .001).

Conclusions
The results highlight that having an ill parent is a risk factor for adolescent somatic symptoms. In addition, other factors such as adolescent sex play an additional role in adolescent somatic symptoms.
Impact of low relative skeletal muscle mass and power on the development of metabolic syndrome in Japanese women: a 7-year prospective study
Authors: Yamada Yosuke , Murakami Haruka , Kawakami Ryoko , Gando Yuko , Nanri Hinako , Nakagata Takashi , Watanabe Daiki , Yoshida Tsukasa , Hatamoto Yoichi , Yoshimura Eiichi , Sanada Kiyoshi , Miyatake Nobuyuki , Miyachi Motohiko 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPrevious cross-sectional studies indicated that low relative skeletal muscle mass against body weight (appendicular lean mass divided by body weight, ALM/Wt or divided by body mass index, ALM/BMI) was negatively associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of this longitudinal study was to investigate the impact of low relative skeletal muscle mass and leg muscle power on the development of MetS in Japanese women in a 7-y prospective study. Subjects were 346 Japanese women aged 26 to 85 years. The reference values for Class I sarcopenia were defined as values one SD below the sex-specific means of the young group. The longitudinal relation between muscle mass or leg power and development of MetS was examined using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression models (average follow-up duration 7 years, range 1 to 10 years). During follow-up, 24 of subjects developed MetS. Both indices of ALM/Wt or ALM/BMI, the incidence of MetS was higher in Class I sarcopenia group than normal muscle mass group even after controlling variables (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] = 3.22 [95%CI; 1.25-8.27] for ALM/Wt and 3.19 [95%CI; 1.31-7.74] for ALM/BMI). In contrast, for the leg power per body weight, the incidence of MetS was not significantly different between low leg power and normal leg power groups (AHR = 1.23 [95%CI; 0.50-3.04]). Current longitudinal study indicated that low relative skeletal muscle mass but not low leg power was independent risk factors for the development of MetS in Japanese women.
The computational models of AlphaFold2 and RoseTTAfold carry protein foldability information
Authors: Liu Sen , Wu Kan , Chen Cheng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractProtein folding has been a “holy grail” problem of biology for fifty years, and the recent breakthrough from AlphaFold2 and RoseTTAfold set a profound milestone for solving this problem. AlphaFold2 and RoseTTAfold were successful in predicting protein structures from peptide sequences with high accuracy. Meanwhile, although the protein folding problem also cares about the kinetic pathways of protein folding, AlphaFold2 and RoseTTAfold were not trained with this functionality. Considering that their training sets contain proteins from foldable sequences and sequence evolutionary information, we wondered if the computational models from AlphaFold2 and RoseTTAfold might carry protein foldability information. To test this idea, we systematically predicted the structural models of 149 circular permutants and 148 alanine insertion mutants of the 149-residue dihydrofolate reductase of Escherichia coli with AlphaFold2 and RoseTTAfold. Our data showed that although AlphaFold2 and RoseTTAfold could not directly identify unfoldable proteins, the structural variations of computational models are correlated with protein foldability. Furthermore, this correlation is independent of secondary structures. Most importantly, the structural variations of computational models are quantitatively correlated with protein foldability but not protein function. Our work could be of great value to the design of circular permutants, the design of fragment complementary proteins, the design of novel proteins, and the development of computational tools for predicting protein folding kinetics.HighlightsAlphaFold2 and RoseTTAfold could not directly identify unfoldable proteins.The structural variations of computational models are correlated with protein foldability.This correlation is independent of secondary structures.The structural variations of computational models are quantitatively correlated with protein foldability but not protein function.
Prophages divertStaphylococcus aureusdefenses against host lipids
Authors: Zhou Biyang , Pathania Amit , Pant Deepak , Halpern David , Gaudu Philippe , Trieu-Cuot Patrick , Dias-Leao Andressa , Pagot Charlotte , Solgadi Audrey , Gruss Alexandra , Gloux Karine 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPhages are ubiquitous in bacteria, including clinicalStaphylococcus aureus, where Sfi 21/Sa3 phages often integrate into thehlbgene, encoding Hlb sphingomyelinase. The integration acts as a rapid regulatory switch of Hlb production. Our findings suggest that Sfi 21/Sa3 prophages and Hlb activity affectS. aureusfitness by modulating the incorporation of the toxic linoleic acid (C18:2) from serum into the bacterial membrane. This process relies on C18:2 derived from 1,3-diglyceride, facilitated by the FakB1 kinase subunit. Palmitic acid (C16), primarily released from serum through Hlb activity, competes for FakB1. This mechanism contributes to adaptation to AFN-1252, an antibiotic inhibiting the fatty acid synthesis pathway (anti-FASII). SinceS. aureusrelies on exogenous fatty acids for growth, AFN-1252 treatment leads to increased proportion of membrane C18:2. Moreover, Hlb inhibition, whetherviaprophage insertion, gene inactivation, or enzyme inhibition, delaysS. aureusadaptation, resulting in higher proportionof C18:2 in the membrane. This study sheds light on the role of lipid environments in infections, and may contribute to the accurate prediction of infection risks and therapeutic efficacy. Furthermore, given that both anti-FASII and Hlb inhibitors enhance C18:2 incorporation, they represent potential agents for combined strategies againstS. aureus.
Wastewater monitoring using a novel, cost-effective PCR-based method that rapidly captures the transition patterns of SARS-CoV-2 variant prevalence (from Delta to Omicron) in the absence of conventional surveillance evidence
Authors: Chassalevris Taxiarchis , Chaintoutis Serafeim C. , Koureas Michalis , Petala Maria , Moutou Evangelia , Beta Christina , Kyritsi Maria , Hadjichristodoulou Christos , Kostoglou Margaritis , Karapantsios Thodoris , Papadopoulos Agis , Papaioannou Nikolaos , Dovas Chrysostomos I. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe magnitude of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern (VOC) global spread necessitates reinforcement of surveillance implementation. Conventional VOC surveillance based on genotyping of clinical samples is characterized by certain challenges related to available sequencing capacity, population sampling methodologies, and demands in terms of time, labor, and resources. Wastewater-based SARS-CoV-2 VOC surveillance constitutes a valuable supplementary practice, since it does not require extensive sampling, and provides information on the prevalence of the disease in a timely and cost-effective manner.MethodsA highly sensitive real-time RT-PCR assay was developed, for targeted Omicron VOC detection and quantification in wastewater samples. The assay exclusively amplifies sequences with the S:Δ69/70 deletion, thus its performance is not hampered by the presence of the Delta VOC. The method was incorporated in the analysis of composite daily samples taken from the main Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) of Thessaloniki, Greece from 1 December 2021 to 9 January 2022.ResultsThe Omicron VOC was detected for the first time in samples from the Thessaloniki WWTP on 19 December 2021. In the following 10-day period, a rapid increase in Omicron sewage viral load was observed with an estimated early doubling time of 1.86 days. The proportion of the total SARS-CoV-2 load attributed to Omicron reached 91.09% on 7 January, revealing a fast Delta-to-Omicron VOC transition pattern. The detection of Omicron in wastewater preceded the outburst of reported (presumable) Omicron cases in the city by approximately 7 days.ConclusionsThe proposed wastewater-based surveillance approach enables rapid, real-time data acquisition on the Omicron VOC prevalence and transmission dynamics. Timely provision of these results to State authorities can readily influence the decision-making process for targeted public health interventions, including control measures, awareness, and preparedness.
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis in the nutritional assessment and prediction of complications in patients undergoing surgery for head and neck malignancies, A pilot observational study
Authors: Ting Lai Yi , Yee Peh Hui , Abdul Kadir Hanis Binte , Fan Lee Chun , Iyer N. Gopalakrishna , Hway Wong Ting , Ci An Gerald Tay 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatients with head and neck malignancies are especially vulnerable to developing malnutrition, which has a significant impact on morbidity and mortality. Identification of high risk patients is hence critical for optimising outcomes.ObjectiveIt is hypothesised that bioimpedance analysis (BIA) can provide information on nutritional status and risk of perioperative complications in a timely and accurate manner. The study objectives are; to correlate BIA parameters with Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) scores, and determine the association of BIA parameters with common perioperative complications in patients undergoing head and neck surgery.MethodThis is a cohort study of 61 patients who were admitted for elective head and neck surgery from 2018-2019. Prior to surgery, patients were evaluated in a preoperative multidisciplinary allied health professional clinic for formal SGA scoring. Bioelectrical impedance analysis was performed using the Bodystat Quadscan 4000. One-way ANOVA and Fisher ‘s exact test were performed for associations between SGA and BIA parameters and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted for determination of optimal cut-off values of phase angle and Wellness marker in detecting malnutrition and perioperative pneumonia using Youden ‘s Index (YI).Results45 males and 16 females with mean ± SD age of 62 ± 1.6 years old were included in the study. Significant differences were observed in Wellness Marker (p=0.004) and phase angle (p=0.006) amongst patients in the 3 SGA categories. BIA parameters (p=0.011 and p=0.032 for Wellness Marker and phase angle respectively) were associated with perioperative pneumonia. No significant differences were observed for other perioperative complications namely surgical site infections, salivary leak/fistula, and flap complications.ConclusionBioelectrical Impedance Analysis is associated with Subjective Global Assessment and shows promise as a preoperative tool, in conjuction with SGA, to detect malnutrition in patients undergoing surgery for head and neck malignancies and highlight patients at risk of developing perioperative pneumonia.
Ready for Impact? A validity and feasibility study of instrumented mouthguards (iMGs)
Authors: Jones Ben , Tooby James , Weaving Dan , Till Kevin , Owen Cameron , Begonia Mark , Stokes Keith , Rowson Steve , Phillips Gemma , Hendricks Sharief , Falvey Éanna , Al-Dawoud Marwan , Tierney Gregory 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTObjectivesDetermine the validity and feasibility of current Instrumented mouthguards (iMGs) and associated systems.MethodsPhase 1; Four iMG systems (Football Research Inc [FRI], HitIQ, ORB, Prevent) were compared against dummy headform laboratory criterion standards (25, 50, 75, 100 g). Phase 2; Four iMG systems were evaluated for on-field validity of iMG-triggered events against video-verification to determine true-positives, false-positives and false-negatives (20 ± 9 player matches per iMG). Phase 3; Four iMG systems were evaluated by eighteen rugby players, for perceptions of fit, comfort and function. Phase 4; Three iMG systems (FRI, HitIQ, Prevent) were evaluated for practical feasibility (system usability scale; SUS) by four practitioners.ResultsPhase 1; Total concordance correlation coefficient was 98.3%, 95.3%, 42.5% and 97.9% for FRI, HitIQ, ORB and Prevent. Phase 2; Different on-field kinematics were observed between iMGs. Positive predictive values were 0.98, 0.90, 0.53 and 0.94 for FRI, HitIQ, ORB and Prevent. Sensitivity values were 0.51, 0.40, 0.71 and 0.75 for FRI, HitIQ, ORB and Prevent. Phase 3; player perceptions of fit, comfort and function were 77%, 6/10, 55% for FRI, 88%, 8/10, 61% for HitIQ, 65%, 5/10, 43% for ORB, and 85%, 8/10, 67% for Prevent. Phase 4; SUS was 51.3-50.6/100, 71.3-78.8/100, and 83.8-80.0/100 for FRI, HitIQ, and Prevent.ConclusionThis study shows that differences between current iMG systems exist. Sporting organisations can use these findings to ensure accurate head acceleration event data are obtained and system adoption is optimized, to support player welfare initiatives directly related to long-term brain health.
Chronic lithium therapy and urine concentrating ability in individuals with bipolar disorder: association between daily dose and resistance to vasopressin and polyuria
Authors: Tabibzadeh Nahid , Vidal-Petiot Emmanuelle , Cheddani Lynda , Haymann Jean-Philippe , Lefevre Guillaume , Etain Bruno , Bellivier Frank , Marlinge Emeline , Delavest Marine , Vrtovsnik François , Flamant Martin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackground and objectivesChronic lithium treatment in individuals with bipolar disorder can induce nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. However, the prevalence, kinetics and mechanisms of such complication are poorly known. We aimed at evaluating patterns of urine concentrating ability and the correlates of 24-hour urine output in individuals treated with lithium.Design, setting, participants and measurementsProspective single center observational study of 217 consecutive individuals treated with lithium carbonate and referred to the renal unit. All individuals collected 24-hour urine the day before admission and underwent a desmopressin (DDAVP) concentrating test, fasting plasma vasopressin measurement (copeptin measurement in a subset of individuals, n=119), and measured GFR (mGFR) using urinary99Tc-DTPA clearance. Maximal urine osmolality (Max Uosm) was defined as the highest level during the DDAVP test.Results21% of individuals displayed polyuria (> 3l/day), but 55% displayed elevated fasting vasopressin level (> 5 pg/ml). During the DDAVP test, Uosm was significantly lower, and urinary output and free water clearance were significantly higher in the highest treatment duration tertile (> 10 years) whereas no difference was observed between the first two tertiles (< 2.5 years and 2.5-10 years). Among individuals with normal Max Uosm (>600 mOsm/KgH2O) (n=128), 51% displayed elevated vasopressin levels, which was associated with higher lithium daily doses (950 [750- 1200] versus 800 [500- 1000] mg/d, p<0.001), and 100% of patients with lithium daily dose ≥1400 mg/d had high vasopressin levels. In multivariable analysis, 24-hour urine output was associated with higher lithium daily dose (β 0.49 ± 0.17, p=0.005), female sex (β -359 ± 123, p=0.004), daily osmolar intake (β 2.21 ± 0.24, p<0.001), maximal urine osmolality (β -2.89 ± 0.35, p<0.001) and plasma vasopressin level (β 10.17 ± 4.76, p=0.03), but not with lithium formulation.ConclusionsHigher lithium daily dose was associated with higher vasopressin levels and higher urine output, independently of other factors. Daily osmolar intake was also associated with higher 24-hour urine output. These results suggest that controlled salt and protein intake and lithium dose might reduce renal resistance to vasopressin in these patients.