bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An FSGO based Electronegativity Scale invoking the Electrophilicity Index
Authors: Kumari Dimple , Saloni  , Tandon Hiteshi , Labarca Martín , Chakraborty Tanmoy 
Published: November 2022

AbstractElectronegativity is an important chemical construct that plays a pivotal role to explain several chemical, biochemical and physicochemical phenomena. The study of this periodic descriptor is still considered an active domain of research, and a number of scientists are involved to propose different scales of electronegativity based on experimental findings and theoretical concepts. In this study, we have proposed a model to compute atomic electronegativity values of 103 elements based on the Floating Spherical Gaussian Orbital approach invoking the atomic electrophilicity index as a descriptor. The computed electronegativity scale observes the periodic trend and justifies many chemical phenomena. Molecular electronegativity values have also been computed using the computed atomic electronegativity data and utilized to justify the Electronegativity Equalization Principle. In order to validate our proposed model, internuclear bond distances for some molecules have been deduced in terms of our computed atomic electronegativity data. A strong correlation with experimental counterparts proves the efficacy of our proposed model.
Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of All‐Inorganic CsPbIBr2 Light‐Absorber‐Layer based Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Ahmad Khursheed , Khan Mohd Quasim , Khan Rais Ahmad , Dagar Janardan , Parmasivam Gopinath , Unger Eva , Kim Haekyoung 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn last few years, rapid surge in the construction of perovskite or perovskite‐like structures based photovoltaic cells have been noticed. Lead (Pb)‐halide perovskite materials possess excellent optoelectronic features which make it most significant light absorber layer for the construction of CsPbIBr2 based perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In particular, CsPbIBr2 has unique optoelectronic properties and has been considered as a potential candidate for photovoltaic cells. In present work, we have used one‐dimensional (1‐D) solar cell capacitance simulator (SCAPS) to optimize the photovoltaic performance of CsPbIBr2 based PSCs. The optimized simulated PSCs showed excellent efficiency of 14.11 %. Further, we have also fabricated PSCs which showed good efficiency of 10.18 %.
Evaluation of serum concentration of acute‐phase proteins (haptoglobin and serum amyloid A) in the affected Arabian foals with rhodococcosis
Authors: Hassanpour Ali , Moghaddam Sina 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundEarly detection of Rhodococcus equi pneumonia in foals is essential for horse health and for veterinarians.ObjectivesThis study aimed to demonstrate the usefulness of assessing the serum concentration of acute‐phase proteins (APPs) in the early diagnosis of pneumonia.MethodsThe study evaluated APPs in 19 Arabian foals with R. equi pneumonia and compared them with 18 normal Arabian foals in equestrian clubs in Tabriz, Iran. Affected foals were identified through history, clinical findings and bacterial culture of tracheal washing. Biochemical methods and polymerase chain reaction tests were performed by examining the 16S rRNA and vapA genes to confirm the diagnosis of bacterial isolates. Blood samples were taken from all sick and healthy horses, and their serum was isolated. APPs in the serum were measured in all the samples.ResultsRhodococcosis increased the serum concentration of haptoglobin (Hp) and serum amyloid A (SAA) (p < 0.001). The relationship between SAA and Hp was meaningful in the infected group (r = 0.933) but not in the healthy group. In cases where there are clinical findings of R. equi pneumonia, the concentration of SAA and Hp can help the effectiveness of treatment.‐ConclusionsSerum concentration analysis of APPs can be helpful in early diagnosis and successfully treating foals with R. equi pneumonia.
Axial vectors in DarkCast
Authors: Baruch Chaja , Ilten Philip , Soreq Yotam , Williams Mike 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this work, we explore new spin-1 states with axial couplings to the standard model fermions. We develop a data-driven method to estimate their hadronic decay rates based on data from τ decays and using SU(3)flavor symmetry. We derive the current and future experimental constraints for several benchmark models. Our framework is generic and can be used for models with arbitrary vectorial and axial couplings to quarks. We have made our calculations publicly available by incorporating them into the DarkCast package, see https://gitlab.com/darkcast/releases.
A high bar may benefit weak students
Authors: Arnold Ivo J.M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper uses a large sample of students from a Dutch university to describe variations in academic performance following a change in the strictness of academic dismissal policies. The research setting includes one moment in which the performance threshold for academic dismissal has been changed, keeping constant other characteristics of the educational system. Using a descriptive approach, we show that after the threshold has been raised the number of credits earned by academically weak students increases. A higher threshold level also brings their study effort forward in time, as evidenced by a decrease in the number of no-shows and an increase in the number of credits earned during regular exams. We also show that some students perceive the minimum performance level as a target level. The evidence suggests that variations in the implementation of academic dismissal policies affect students’ tendency to procrastinate, especially among weaker students.
Virtual Reality in Vocational Training: A Study Demonstrating the Potential of a VR-based Vehicle Painting Simulator for Skills Acquisition in Apprenticeship Training
Authors: Mulders Miriam , Buchner Josef , Kerres Michael 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPrevious studies on Virtual Reality (VR)-enriched learning pointed out the advantages of immersive learning for the development of competencies. In the context of vocational education in vehicle painting, training opportunities are severely limited for many reasons. VR can be utilized to develop a comprehensive learning environment with authentic training tasks. Besides the need to train psychomotor skills, vehicle painting procedures are complex tasks requiring incremental training to develop knowledge, skills, and attitudes.This study aims to evaluate a VR training application for vehicle painting, focusing on the development of professional competencies regarding skills, knowledge, and attitudes.47 apprentices participated in the evaluation study. A VR-simulated painting booth was developed based on the 4 C/ID model by van Merriënboer, where they dealt with typical painting jobs on 3D workpieces (e.g., car wings, engine hood).Within the descriptive-inferential study, no significant differences between the types of competencies were revealed. The training application supports the acquisition of skills, knowledge, and attitudes equally. Further results regarding usability, cognitive load, etc., are promising.The essential finding of this study is that the VR training application is generally suitable for supporting craftsmanship within the field of vehicle painting. Since training opportunities for apprentices in this context are often rare, VR offers a unique solution especially for skills training if it follows a proven instructional model for the development of competencies.
Oxidation of Hafnium Diboride—Silicon Carbide at 1500 °C in Air; Effect of Compressive Stress
Authors: DeGregoria A. J. , Ruggles-Wrenn M. B. , Pry G. E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe long-term oxidation behavior of HfB2 and of HfB2-20 vol.% SiC was studied. Test samples of each material were oxidized at 1500 °C in air using a box furnace. The exposure times were 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 30, 45 and 90 h. Weight gain, oxide scale composition and oxide scale thickness were characterized for both materials. Crystal structure of the surface scales was analyzed using x-ray diffraction. Oxide scales were further characterized via scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis. For HfB2 the oxide scale consists predominantly of porous HfO2. For HfB2-20 vol.% SiC, the oxide scale is composed of a borosilicate glass outer layer and a porous HfO2 layer. Weight gain and the growth of oxide scale with exposure time were measured. The oxidation kinetics were determined using the weight gain as well as the scale thickness measurements, and the parabolic rate constants were calculated for both materials. The addition of SiC dramatically inhibited the oxidation of HfB2. The effects of compressive stress on oxidation of HfB2-20 vol.% SiC were also examined. Samples were oxidized while being subjected to compressive stress of 50-150 MPa for up to 30 h at 1500 °C in air. Compressive stress was found to have little effect on the growth of oxide scale with time. The oxidation data were analyzed in terms of mechanistic models for the oxidation of monolithic and SiC-containing refractory diborides. For HfB2-20 vol.% SiC, the model predictions agreed well with experimental data. For HfB2, the model significantly under-predicted the scale thickness, but accounted for weight gain reasonably well except for the longest exposure time of 90 h.
ASCO update: hepatocellular and cholangiocellular carcinoma
Authors: Djanani Angela 
Published: November 2022

SummaryAt ASCO 2022 several studies were presented. This short review is about hepatocellular carcinoma, and cholangiocellular carcinoma and trials like STAMP, ImmunoTACE trial, FOENIX-CCA2, ImmunoTACE trial, for example.
Prostate Multiparametric MRI: Evaluation of Recurrence and Post-treatment Changes
Authors: Carpagnano F. A. , Eusebi L. , Giannubilo W. , Fenu F. , Safi M. , Bartelli F. , Guglielmi G. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This article reviews all the most common therapeutic strategies of prostate cancer, systemic or local, and all the following morpho-structural alterations, with the aim of helping the radiologist to recognize the signs of recurrence by using mp-MRI.

Recent Findings
According to the most recent evidences, prostate mp-MRI has now become a strong, non-invasive, and valid tool to evaluate all patient treated for prostatic carcinoma across the time, especially in the suspicion of biochemical recurrence.

Summary
The minimal signs of focal recurrence can put a strain on radiologists, especially if they are novice with multi-parametric prostate MRI. Familiarizing themselves with the outcomes of treatment, local or systemic, and its characteristics to MR imaging is indispensable to avoid diagnostic pitfalls and, subsequently, unnecessary reinterventions.
Adolescents in the Covid Net: What Impact on their Mental Health?
Authors: Ionio Chiara , Ciuffo Giulia , Villa Federica , Landoni Marta , Sacchi Maddalena , Rizzi Damiano 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGiven the impact of traumatic events in adolescence and early adulthood, the current Covid 19 pandemic poses a high risk to the well-being and mental health of this population. This study aims to shed light on the traumatic impact of Covid-19 on adolescents and young adults, taking into account their personal experiences, with a particular focus on their emotional regulation skills. From May 2021 to May 2022, 216 adolescents and young adults were surveyed using a series of self-report questionnaires to assess the potentially traumatic effects of Covid-19 and its impact on adolescents' and young adults' emotional regulation skills. Analyses revealed a significant traumatic effect of Covid-19 on the adolescents in our sample. Significant correlations also emerged between the impact of the traumatic event and adolescents' emotional regulation skills. Our findings underscore the importance of considering the psychological impact of Covid-19 on adolescents from both a restorative and preventive perspective.
ST-MAE: robust lane detection in continuous multi-frame driving scenes based on a deep hybrid network
Authors: Zhang Rongyun , Du Yufeng , Shi Peicheng , Zhao Lifeng , Liu Yaming , Li Haoran 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLane detection is one of the key techniques to realize advanced driving assistance and automatic driving. However, lane detection networks based on deep learning have significant shortcomings. The detection results are often unsatisfactory when there are shadows, degraded lane markings, and vehicle occlusion lanes. Therefore, a continuous multi-frame image sequence lane detection network is proposed. Specifically, the continuous six-frame image sequence is input into the network, in which the scene information of each frame image is extracted by an encoder composed of Swin Transformer blocks and input into the PredRNN. Continuous multi-frame of the driving scene is modeled as time-series by ST-LSTM blocks, and then, the shape changes and motion trajectory in the spatiotemporal sequence are effectively modeled. Finally, through the decoder composed of Swin Transformer blocks, the features are obtained and reconstructed to complete the detection task. Extensive experiments on two large-scale datasets demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the competing methods in lane detection, especially in handling difficult situations. Experiments are carried out based on the TuSimple dataset. The results show: for easy scenes, the validation accuracy is 97.46%, the test accuracy is 97.37%, and the precision is 0.865. For complex scenes, the validation accuracy is 97.38%, the test accuracy is 97.29%, and the precision is 0.859. The running time is 4.4 ms. Experiments are carried out based on the CULane dataset. The results show that, for easy scenes, the validation accuracy is 97.03%, the test accuracy is 96.84%, and the precision is 0.837. For complex scenes, the validation accuracy is 96.18%, the test accuracy is 95.92%, and the precision is 0.829. The running time is 6.5 ms.
A collaborative path planning method for mobile cable-driven parallel robots in a constrained environment with considering kinematic stability
Authors: Xu Jiajun , Kim Byeong-Geon , Park Kyoung-Su 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMobile cable-driven parallel robot (MCDPR) is a variant of cable-driven parallel robots (CDPRs) by mounting several mobile bases to replace the conventional fixed frame. The novel modification of adding mobile bases leads MCDPRs being highly flexible and have great potential for complex environments. However, the issue of coupled mobile bases introduces actuated kinematic redundancies which present challenges for path planning. In this paper, we propose a collaborative path planning method for MCDPRs, and it allows the robot to deal with complex internal and external constraints in a high-dimensional state space efficiently. The proposed method quickly generates feasible paths for coupled mobile bases using the adaptive goal-biased rapidly exploring random tree (RRT) method, in which the adaptive sampling method is developed to enhance efficiency. Based on the feasible path of the mobile base, we proposed a grid-based search method to determine the position of the end-effector with considering the stability and kinematic performances. Furthermore, the planned paths are post-processed with the cubic splines to obtain continuous profiles for the robot. Finally, the proposed method is validated through the dynamic simulation software (CoppeliaSim) and experiments based on a MCDPR prototype with an eight-cable-driven parallel robot mounted on four mobile bases.
Ethical and legal considerations for nutrition virtual coaches
Authors: Calvaresi Davide , Carli Rachele , Piguet Jean-Gabriel , Contreras Victor H. , Luzzani Gloria , Najjar Amro , Calbimonte Jean-Paul , Schumacher Michael 
Published: November 2022

AbstractChoices and preferences of individuals are nowadays increasingly influenced by countless inputs and recommendations provided by artificial intelligence-based systems. The accuracy of recommender systems (RS) has achieved remarkable results in several domains, from infotainment to marketing and lifestyle. However, in sensitive use-cases, such as nutrition, there is a need for more complex dynamics and responsibilities beyond conventional RS frameworks. On one hand, virtual coaching systems (VCS) are intended to support and educate the users about food, integrating additional dimensions w.r.t. the conventional RS (i.e., leveraging persuasion techniques, argumentation, informative systems, and recommendation paradigms) and show promising results. On the other hand, as of today, VCS raise unexplored ethical and legal concerns. This paper discusses the need for a clear understanding of the ethical/legal-technological entanglements, formalizing 21 ethical and ten legal challenges and the related mitigation strategies. Moreover, it elaborates on nutrition sustainability as a further nutrition virtual coaches dimension for a better society.
Building the foundation for equitable and inclusive research: Seed grant programs to facilitate development of diverse CBPR community–academic research partnerships
Authors: Coombe Chris M. , Simbeni Sophia , Neal Aaron , Allen Alex J. , Gray Carol , Guzman J. Ricardo , Lichtenstein Richard L. , Marsh Erica E. , Piechowski Patricia , Reyes Angela G. , Rowe Zachary , Weinert Julia , Israel Barbara A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
The effectiveness of community-based participatory research (CBPR) partnerships to address health inequities is well documented. CBPR integrates knowledge and perspectives of diverse communities throughout the research process, following principles that emphasize trust, power sharing, co-learning, and mutual benefits. However, institutions and funders seldom provide the time and resources needed for the critical stage of equitable partnership formation and development.

Methods:
Since 2011, the Detroit Urban Research Center, collaborating with other entities, has promoted the development of new community–academic research partnerships through two grant programs that combine seed funding with capacity building support from community and academic instructors/mentors experienced in CBPR. Process and outcomes were evaluated using mixed methods.

Results:
From 2011 to 2021, 50 partnerships received grants ranging from $2,500 to $30,000, totaling $605,000. Outcomes included equitable partnership infrastructure and processes, innovative pilot research, translation of findings to interventions and policy change, dissemination to multiple audiences, new proposals and projects, and sustained community–academic research partnerships. All partnerships continued beyond the program; over half secured additional funding.

Conclusions:
Keys to success included participation as community–academic teams, dedicated time for partnership/relationship development, workshops to develop equity-based skills, relationships, and projects, expert community–academic instructor guidance, and connection to additional resources. Findings demonstrate that small amounts of seed funding for newly forming community–academic partnerships, paired with capacity building support, can provide essential time and resources needed to develop diverse, inclusive, equity-focused CBPR partnerships. Building such support into funding initiatives and through academic institutions can enhance impact and sustainability of translational research toward advancing health equity.
Improved modelling of interfacial terms in the second-moment closure for particle-laden flows based on interface-resolved simulation data
Authors: Xia Yan , Yu Zhaosheng , Lin Zhaowu , Guo Yu 
Published: November 2022

Correlations for the interfacial terms in the fluid dissipation rate equation and Reynolds stress equations are established for particle-laden flows, based on data from the interfaced-resolved direct numerical simulations of particle sedimentation in a periodic domain at a density ratio ranging from 0.01 to 1000, a particle concentration ranging from 2.3 % to 30.2 % and a particle Reynolds number below 250. The correlations for the mean drag and the pseudo-turbulent kinetic energy are also reported, which are used for the modelling of the interfacial term in the fluid dissipation rate equation. The interfacial term correlations obtained are then incorporated in the Reynolds stress model (RSM) (i.e. second-moment closure) for the simulation of vertical turbulent channel flows laden with the finite-size particles at relatively low particle volume fractions. The results show that the RSM with new interfacial term correlations can quantitatively predict particle-induced turbulence enhancement or suppression in vertical channel flows.
Galois representations of superelliptic curves
Authors: Pacetti Ariel , Villanueva Angel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA superelliptic curve over a discrete valuation ring
$\mathscr{O}$
of residual characteristic p is a curve given by an equation
$\mathscr{C}\;:\; y^n=\,f(x)$
, with
$\textrm{Disc}(\,f)\neq 0$
. The purpose of this article is to describe the Galois representation attached to such a curve under the hypothesis that f(x) has all its roots in the fraction field of
$\mathscr{O}$
and that
$p \nmid n$
. Our results are inspired on the algorithm given in Bouw and WewersGlasg (Math. J.59(1) (2017), 77–108.) but our description is given in terms of a cluster picture as defined in Dokchitser et al. (Algebraic curves and their applications, Contemporary Mathematics, vol. 724 (American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI, 2019), 73–135.).
The Market for Corporate Control as a Limit to Short Arbitrage
Authors: Meneghetti Costanza , Williams Ryan , Xiao Steven C. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe hypothesize that corporate takeover markets create significant constraints for short sellers. Both short sellers and corporate bidders often target firms with declining economic prospects. Yet, a target firm’s stock price generally increases upon a takeover announcement, resulting in losses for short sellers. Therefore, short sellers should require higher rates of return when the takeover likelihood is higher. Consistent with this prediction, the return predictability of monthly short interest increases with industry-level takeover probability and decreases as takeover defenses are implemented. Our results suggest that efficient takeover markets create trading frictions for short sellers and can therefore inhibit overall market efficiency.