bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-spectral Characteristics of Arc Discharge in Switch Cabinet
Authors: Miao Jin , Chen Ping , Wu Junfeng , Fei Bin , Wu Xu , Liu Wei , Wan Jiefeng , Wang Yue 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The partial discharge (PD) in high voltage switch cabinet might develop into non-penetrating or penetrating arc under extreme conditions, which can lead to insulation failure in severe case. From the optical radiation characteristics of discharge, an optical detection method for abnormal arc was proposed. Multi-spectral characteristics of arc discharge were obtained by the synchronous monitoring of ultraviolet, visible, and infrared optical signals, and the average intensity of light pulse, average light intensity ratio and the light intensity ratio of three bands were analyzed. The results show that the average light pulse intensity of arc discharge and the proportion of three-band light intensity have obvious characteristics and there is a good corresponding relation between the amplitude of discharge light signal and the applied voltage.
Advanced Diode Laser with Specialized Beam-delivery Instrument in Combined Mini Invasive Laser Hemorrhoid Treatment
Authors: Kuznetsov Evgenii , Golyaev Yury , Zhizhin Nikita , Kolbas Yury , Soloveva Tatiana 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
As the wavelength range of diode lasers expands, they become increasingly attractive for laser medicine because they are compact, allow the use of convenient fiber delivery systems, and are relatively inexpensive and long-lived. Russian diode lasers are based on world-level achievements in nanotechnologies used in their production. The paper presents the results of clinical application of an improved diode laser apparatus “ACT” model of a domestic company “Uricon Group” equipped with unique multifunctional instruments which enable to minimize mucous lesion in treating vascular pathology of the anorectal zone. A dual-frequency apparatus generating at wavelengths of 980 and 1470 nm permitted the development of a combined technique, which was verified by practical clinical application. The study was aimed at improving the mini-invasive method of surgical treatment of vascular anorectal pathology to ensure maximum efficiency of surgery at any stage of the disease, reducing the duration of surgery, minimizing pain during and after surgery. The technique of laser mini-invasive transdermal and subdermal-submucosal destruction, applied in treatment of 362 patients using the diode laser of “ACT” model and the developed specialized instrument, has shown its effectiveness. All patients returned to daily activities 2-3 days after surgery. Economic effect of the developed treatment technology is provided by low price of the equipment and absence of necessity of the patient’s stay in the clinic in the postoperative period.
Bragg Resonance-based Wave Elimination Device for Offshore Floating Wind Platforms
Authors: Lan Tianru , Lei Ziyu , Hao Zekun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This project provides an efficient and effective wave dissipation solution for the real needs of various large oceanic floating platforms, and achieves the power generation gain of the wave energy utilization equipment with the help of the local point of aggregation wave sub-effect. The device uses special shaped plates laid in an array to adjust the unit plate spacing and shaped plate attitude in the form of Bragg resonance with the surface wave wavelength fitting, which makes the surface waves reflect strongly in the peripheral area of the floating platform, while weakening the wave energy intensity of the surface waves in the central area of the beacon. In order to change the form of wave energy distribution in the local sea area, and at the same time play the effect of wave elimination in the core area of the platform and wave energy focusing in the outer power generation point.
Evaluation of the technical status of ship equipment based on the improved TOPSIS method
Authors: Xu Sunqing , Cong Lin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The reliability of ship equipment is the basis for the safe navigation of ships and the completion of various tasks, and mastering the reliability level of ship equipment and assessing its technical status is the decision-making basis for ship maintenance and support; most of the current related research is based on combing statistics, and the accuracy is affected by the size of the sample data, and there are inevitable errors; in order to obtain more accurate assessment results, THIS paper introduces TOPSIS The method also improves the determination method of index weight and ideal solution, quantifies the assessment results, and achieves objective and accurate effects; through case verification, the model built in this paper has high accuracy, and on the basis of fully mining the potential information of the data, the accuracy and accuracy of the assessment are effectively improved, and can be applied to the technical status assessment of ship indicators.
Lattice design for an improved angular dispersion-induced microbunching scheme
Authors: Li C. , Jiang B. , Feng C. , Wang K. , Zhang Q. , Huang D. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this paper, an improved angular dispersion-induced microbunching (ADM) scheme [1] is studied to generate fully coherent soft x-ray radiation pulses in an electron storage ring light source with a limited energy modulation amplitude. This scheme releases the coupling between the dispersion function and the momentum compaction in the original ADM scheme. The lattice structure of the improved ADM is simple, which only adds a chicane following the dogleg compared to the original one. With the chicane, even higher harmonic radiation can be generated. Numerical simulation results show that soft x-ray radiation with photon energy covering the water window range can be produced.
The perceived effects of augmented trail sensing and mood recognition abilities in a human–fish biohybrid system
Authors: Hu Xin , Yang Jinxin , Song Zhihua , Wang Qian , Chu Ziyue , Zhang Lei , Lin Daoyuan , Xu Yangyang , Liang Longfei , Yang Wen-Chi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The use of technologies to enhance human and animal perception has been explored in pioneering research about artificial life and biohybrid systems. These attempts have revealed that augmented sensing abilities can emerge from new interactions between individuals within or across species. Nevertheless, the diverse effects of different augmented capabilities have been less examined and compared. In this work, we built a human–fish biohybrid system that enhanced the vision of the ornamental fish by projecting human participants onto the arena background. In contrast, human participants were equipped with a mixed-reality device, which visualized individual fish trails (representing situation-oriented perceptions) and emotions (representing communication-oriented perceptions). We investigated the impacts of the two enhanced perceptions on the human side and documented the perceived effects from three aspects. First, both augmented perceptions considerably increase participants’ attention toward ornamental fish, and the impact of emotion recognition is more potent than trail sense. Secondly, the frequency of human–fish interactions increases with the equipped perceptions. The mood recognition ability on the human side can indirectly promote the recorded positive mood of fish. Thirdly, most participants mentioned that they felt closer to those fish which had mood recognition ability, even if we added some mistakes in the accuracy of mood recognition. In contrast, the addition of trail sensing ability does not lead to a similar effect on the mental bond. These findings reveal several aspects of different perceived effects between the enhancements of communication-oriented and situation-oriented perceptions.
Model consistency for the underlying mechanisms for the Inter-decadal Pacific Oscillation-tropical Atlantic connection
Authors: Yao Shuai-Lei , Chu Pao-Shin , Wu Renguang , Zheng Fei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Modeling evidence suggests that the Inter-decadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO) can remotely affect the tropical Atlantic sea surface temperature (SST) variability. However, the root causes of the IPO-tropical Atlantic inter-basin teleconnections are not fully understood. Using idealized pacemaker experiments wherein the observed IPO-SST anomalies are specified, we show that a warm-phase IPO-SST anomaly drives a basin-wide SST warming over the tropical Atlantic. The trans-basin IPO-tropical Atlantic connection is established via the tropical tropospheric temperature mechanism and the atmospheric bridge teleconnections. An IPO positive-phase SST initiates the warming tropospheric temperature anomalies, leading to a more humid atmosphere and increasing longwave radiation downward into the tropical Atlantic. By comparison, the reduced Pacific Walker circulation and mid-latitude Rossby wave responses cause the trade winds to strengthen, acting to suppress the tropical Atlantic warming through the Bjerknes positive feedback mechanism. Thus, similar to previous studies, the tropical Atlantic widespread warming is ultimately traced back to the warming effects generated by the water vapor-longwave radiation-SST positive feedback, which, contrary to previous studies, overwhelms the cooling effects associated with the intensified trade winds. Our results highlight the model dependence on the details of mechanisms that connect the tropical Pacific and tropical Atlantic on the decadal timescales.
Fabrication and characterization of HA-oyster shell based on biopolymer - propolis as an agent of dental enamel remineralization material
Authors: Nisa Aminatun , Sari Mona , Yusuf Yusril 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This study aims to make gel composites by synthesizing and characterizing hydroxyapatite (HA) from oyster shell (Crassostrea gigas) as an essential ingredient for remineralization gel in teeth. The method used to synthesize HA is the precipitation method. HA is synthesized with a variation of calcination for 8 h at 1000 °C and aging time for 24 h to get the best result. The size of the HA crystal obtained is 14 ± 4 nm, with a degree of crystallinity of 91.54%. The result of the HA-oyster shell is used to synthesize gel composites. The gels used as parameters are composition variations: basis gel (basis gel as a negative control), HA gel, propolis gel, and HA-propolis gel. The essential ingredients of oyster shell, HA, and composite gels are treated by physicochemical tests in SEM, XRD, and FTIR characterization. The gel composites are treated using antibacterial tests with Streptococcus mutants, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Lactobacillus acidophilus. The antibacterial test aims to determine the inhibition of bacteria that cause caries in teeth. The best antibacterial test results are found in HA-propolis gel with the inhibition zone diameter of S.Mutants 22 ± 0.2 mm, S. Sanguinis 22 ± 0.3 mm, and L.Acidophilus 21 ± 0.2 mm. In addition to the antibacterial test, the gel was treated with a feasibility test to determine the viability of viable cells (MC3T3-E1) when incubated for 48 h. The MTT test shows that the results of the HA gel sample gave significant cell growth, which was 92.80% at the low concentration. The physicochemical, antibacterial, and MTT (Viability) test results confirm that the HA-propolis gel composite could potentially improve dental enamel caries with the remineralization process.
Design optimization of lightweight structures inspired by the rostrum in Cyrtotrachelus buqueti Guer (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Li Longhai , Guo Ce , Liu Lili , Liu Lei , Hu Zixian , Guo Huafeng , He Shaohua 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The rostrum of Cyrtotrachelus buqueti Guer has excellent mechanical properties, such as high-specific strength and high-specific stiffness, and it is an example of successful evolution in nature. In this paper, based on the biological structural characteristics of the rostrum, bionic variable-density lightweight structures of varying layer number are designed, and their mechanical properties are analyzed under different helix angles. The results show that when the helix angle is greater than or equal to 40°, the maximum compressive load borne by the three-layer tube is 30.75 N, which is 1.89 times that of the single-layer tube. Through calculation, at a helix angle of 15°, the torsion lightweight coefficient of the single-layer, double-layer, and three-layer structures is 0.99 ± 0.03 N·M g−1, 1.75 ± 0.05 N·M g−1, and 2.32 ± 0.06 N·M g−1, respectively, where that of the three-layer structure was approximately 2.34 times that of the single-layer structure. Further calculations show that the bending lightweight factor of the single-layer, double-layer, and three-layer tubes is 17.89 ± 0.20 N g−1, 33.16 ± 0.45 N g−1, 41.33 ± 0.55 N g−1, respectively, where that of the three-layer tube is 2.31 times that of the single-layer tube. In addition, this paper also investigates the cushioning energy absorption characteristics of the bionic lightweight tubes by using an impact testing machine. The results show that under the same conditions, as the number of layers of the lightweight tube increases, the buffering energy absorption also increases. The total energy absorption and specific energy absorption of the three-layer lightweight tube are approximately 10 times those of the single-layer tube. Finally, a response surface-based optimization method is proposed to optimize the bionic structures under a combined compression-torsion load. The results lay the foundation for the lightweight design of thin-walled tube structures.
Overcoming the impact of post-annealing on uniformity of diamond (100) Schottky barrier diodes through corrosion-resistant nanocarbon ohmic contacts
Authors: Mylo Valappil Sreenath , Zkria Abdelrahman , Ohmagari Shinya , Yoshitake Tsuyoshi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Diamond-based Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) are involved in many technological applications. In a conventional SBD fabrication process that involves interface carbide forming ohmic contacts, a post-annealing step is necessary for ohmic contacts to achieve their operational efficiency. However, this step deteriorates the essential oxygen coverage at the diamond surface which in turn affects SBDs uniformity. So, an additional oxygen termination step is necessary prior to Schottky metal deposition. In this study, a non-conventional fabrication method is introduced using corrosion-resistant nanocarbon ohmic contacts fabricated by coaxial arc plasma deposition. As a result, The SBD parameters including ideality factors and barrier heights exhibited high uniformity with a very small standard deviation for the proposed fabrication process flow when compared with process flow including a post-annealing step. Furthermore, the contact behavior of nanocarbon ohmic electrodes is investigated on a heavily boron-doped diamond film using circular transmission line model theory and a specific contact resistance of ∼10−5 Ωcm2 is obtained, suggesting the practical application of nanocarbon ohmic contacts for diamond-based electronic devices.
Variational Monte Carlo approach to partial differential equations with neural networks
Authors: Reh Moritz , Gärttner Martin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The accurate numerical solution of partial differential equations (PDEs) is a central task in numerical analysis allowing to model a wide range of natural phenomena by employing specialized solvers depending on the scenario of application. Here, we develop a variational approach for solving PDEs governing the evolution of high dimensional probability distributions. Our approach naturally works on the unbounded continuous domain and encodes the full probability density function through its variational parameters, which are adapted dynamically during the evolution to optimally reflect the dynamics of the density. In contrast to previous works, this dynamical adaptation of the parameters is carried out using an explicit prescription avoiding iterative gradient descent. For the considered benchmark cases we observe excellent agreement with numerical solutions as well as analytical solutions for tasks that are challenging for traditional computational approaches.
Increasing sensitivity of terrestrial nitrous oxide emissions to precipitation variations
Authors: Huang Yuanyuan , Ciais Philippe , Boucher Olivier , Wang Ying-Ping , Tian Hanqin , Zhou Feng , Chang Jinfeng , Li Zhaolei , Goll Daniel S , Langenfelds Ray , Shi Hao , Pan Naiqing , Hu Hang-Wei , Lam Shu Kee , Dong Ning 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Nitrous oxide (N2O), a major greenhouse gas and ozone-depleting agent, is generated over land mostly from two key biochemical processes—nitrification and denitrification. Nitrifying and denitrifying N2O production occurs preferably under alternative oxic and anoxic conditions, which are closely linked with variations in water filled soil pores, and thus indirectly with precipitation. We show here that the interannual anomalies in the annual growth rate of the global land N2O emissions are significantly (P < 0.001) correlated with precipitation anomalies, with an overall sensitivity (

α

PRE

, changes of land N2O emission variations per precipitation anomalies) of 2.50 ± 0.98 Tg N2O–N per 100 mm of precipitation across the global land (1998–2016). The sensitivity (

α

PRE

) and precipitation-driven N2O anomalies increased during 1998–2016, partly due to increased nitrogen inputs to agricultural lands and enhanced precipitation anomalies. Spatially, we find that the

α

PRE

increases with aridity. We predict a larger

α

PRE

under future climate conditions (with radiative forcing levels of 4.5, 7.0 and 8.5 Wm−2) by the year 2100 if nitrogen fertilization follows the present practice.
Evaluation of isoprene light response curves for bryophyte-dominated ecosystems and implications for atmospheric composition
Authors: Langford Ben , Cash James M , Vieno Massimo , Heal Mathew R , Drewer Julia , Jones Matthew R , Leeson Sarah R , Simmons Ivan , Braban Christine F , Nemitz Eiko 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Isoprene is emitted from numerous plant species in response to light and temperature and parameterisations of these relationships, based on observations from a few vascular plant species, have been shown to be broadly applicable to many different vegetation types. Here, we investigate their performance when applied to an ecosystem dominated by bryophytes. Over a six-week period, emissions of isoprene were measured above a Scottish peat bog. The light response derived on the basis of both canopy-scale flux and whole-plant enclosure measurements, deviated from the classical response, showing no sign of saturation within the observed range. We attribute this response to the canopy architecture of moss hummocks, which may attenuate light differently compared to a grass canopy. Both existing big-leaf and canopy-level emission algorithms, developed for vascular plants but commonly used for moorland vegetation, failed to replicate the observed fluxes, overestimating at low light intensities (<1000 μmol m−2 s−1 photosynthetically active radiation) and underestimating during daytime clear sky conditions. The light response was optimised for bryophyte-dominated ecosystems using measured fluxes and incorporated into the EMEP4UK chemical transport model and applied exclusively to moorland. The revised parameterisation resulted in a small reduction in the average annual isoprene emissions in the northern latitudes (5%), but peak isoprene emissions and concentrations increased by up to a factor of two. Yet, no significant change in average or maximum surface ozone concentrations was observed, reflecting that the northern latitudes are in a chemical regime that is strongly NOx limited, in part due to the spatial segregation with the urban sources of NO
x
. We conclude that, the anticipated increase in isoprene emissions from the northern latitudes in response to climate change is unlikely to contribute towards ozone-related air quality issues, as long as NO
x
pollution does not increase. However, the non-saturating light response may be equally applicable to non-vascular plants elsewhere, including in the tropics.
vsRNAfinder: a novel method for identifying high-confidence viral small RNAs from small RNA-Seq data
Authors: Cai Zena , Fu Ping , Qiu Ye , Wu Aiping , Zhang Gaihua , Wang Yirong , Jiang Taijiao , Ge Xing-Yi , Zhu Haizhen , Peng Yousong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Virus-encoded small RNAs (vsRNA) have been reported to play an important role in viral infection. Unfortunately, there is still a lack of an effective method for vsRNA identification. Herein, we presented vsRNAfinder, a de novo method for identifying high-confidence vsRNAs from small RNA-Seq (sRNA-Seq) data based on peak calling and Poisson distribution and is publicly available at https://github.com/ZenaCai/vsRNAfinder. vsRNAfinder outperformed two widely used methods namely miRDeep2 and ShortStack in identifying viral miRNAs with a significantly improved sensitivity. It can also be used to identify sRNAs in animals and plants with similar performance to miRDeep2 and ShortStack. vsRNAfinder would greatly facilitate effective identification of vsRNAs from sRNA-Seq data.
Updated site concordance factors minimize effects of homoplasy and taxon sampling
Authors: Mo Yu K , Lanfear Robert , Hahn Matthew W , Minh Bui Quang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Motivation
Site concordance factors (sCFs) have become a widely used way to summarize discordance in phylogenomic datasets. However, the original version of sCFs was calculated by sampling a quartet of tip taxa and then applying parsimony-based criteria for discordance. This approach has the potential to be strongly affected by multiple hits at a site (homoplasy), especially when substitution rates are high or taxa are not closely related.

Results
Here, we introduce a new method for calculating sCFs. The updated version uses likelihood to generate probability distributions of ancestral states at internal nodes of the phylogeny. By sampling from the states at internal nodes adjacent to a given branch, this approach substantially reduces—but does not abolish—the effects of homoplasy and taxon sampling.

Availability and implementation
Updated sCFs are implemented in IQ-TREE 2.2.2. The software is freely available at https://github.com/iqtree/iqtree2/releases.

Supplementary information
Supplementary information is available at Bioinformatics online.