bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography using a fused‐core particle column for fast analysis of propolis phenolic compounds
Authors: Contieri Letícia S. , de Souza Mesquita Leonardo M , Sanches Vitor L. , Viganó Juliane , Kamikawachi Renan Canute , Vilegas Wagner , Rostagno Mauricio A. 
Published: November 2022

Propolis is a bee product with a complex chemical composition formed by several species from different geographical origins. The complex propolis composition requires an accurate and reproducible characterization of samples to standardize the quality of the material sold to consumers. This work developed an ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography with a photodiode array detector method to analyze propolis phenolic compounds based on the two key propolis biomarkers, Artepillin C and p‐Coumaric acid. This choice was made due to the complexity of the sample with the presence of several compounds. The optimized method was hyphenated with mass spectrometry detection allowing the detection of 23 different compounds. A step‐by‐step strategy was used to optimize temperature, flow rate, mobile phase composition, and re‐equilibration time. Reverse‐phase separation was achieved with a C18 fused‐core column packed with the commercially available smallest particles (1.3 nm). Using a fused‐core column with ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography allows highly efficient, sensitive, accurate, and reproducible determination of compounds extracted from propolis with an outstanding sample throughput and resolution. Optimized conditions permitted the separation of the compounds in 5.50 min with a total analysis time (sample‐to‐sample) of 6.50 min.
Recombinant human thyrotropin versus thyroid hormone withdrawal preparation for radioiodine ablation in differentiated thyroid cancer: Experience in a South Taiwanese medical center
Authors: Tsai Jia‐Ruei , Wu Shu‐Ting , Chi Shun‐Yu , Yang Yi‐Ting , Chan Yi‐Chia , Lim Lay San , Chiew Yvonne Ee Wern , Chen Wen‐Chieh , Chen Yung‐Nien , Chou Chen‐Kai 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis retrospective study was designed to compare the treatment response of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) prepared for radioiodine ablation (RIA) with thyroid hormone withdrawal (THW) or recombinant human thyrotropin (rhTSH) stimulation. Patients with DTC were followed‐up retrospectively between 2013 and 2018 in Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan. We compared the excellent response ratios between THW (49.9%) and rhTSH (50.1%) stimulation. Patients were then divided into subgroups, on the basis of age, sex, extrathyroidal extension, lymph node metastasis, and tumor‐node‐metastasis stage, for analysis. In all, 647 patients were followed‐up after RIA. The ratios of THW or rhTSH use in the different subgroups were not statistically significant. In all the patients, the excellent response rate with THW and rhTSH was 80% and 76.5%, respectively, which was not statistically significant. The subgroup analysis, including age, sex, extrathyroidal extension, lymph node metastasis, and tumor‐node‐metastasis stage (low and high risk), showed similar results. Furthermore, the logistic regression analysis revealed no statistically significant differences among the subgroups. The multivariate analysis showed extrathyroidal extension, lymph node metastasis, and high I131 dose were the prognostic factors affecting the excellent response rate. In conclusion, the THW and rhTSH preparations for RIA were similar in terms of the excellent response rates and subgroup clinical outcomes.
Recent Progress in Liquid Crystal‐Based Smart Windows: Materials, Structures, and Design
Authors: Shen Wenbo , Li Guoqiang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAs the vital elements for building environments, windows are utilized to bring light as well as thermal irradiation into the interior places and afford the medium for the communication between the interior and exterior of buildings. Liquid crystal (LC)‐based smart windows, which are mainly made of LC materials or polymer/LC composites, can dynamically modulate light transmittance and regulate the heat radiation entering buildings from the sun via the orientation variation of the LC molecules. Such smart windows play an important role in intelligent buildings and building energy conservation, which contributes to providing a more comfortable and low‐energy‐consumption living environment for mankind. In this review, recent progress in LC‐based smart windows of each category is overviewed. New materials, new ideas, and new methods to improve the performance of conventional LC‐based smart windows and create novel smart window technologies are outlined. Different advanced LC‐based smart window technologies, including electrochromism, thermochromism, photochromism, humidity‐triggered chromism, mechanical self‐powered technique, and dynamic infrared regulating mechanisms, are discussed systematically. The applications of LC‐based smart windows in indoor illumination/privacy protection switching, human‐machine interaction, and thermal regulation for intelligent buildings are highlighted. Last, the challenges and perspectives of LC‐based smart windows are also provided.
Differences in Human Plasma Protein Interactions between Various Polymersomes and Stealth Liposomes as Observed by Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy
Authors: Najer Adrian , Rifaie‐Graham Omar , Yeow Jonathan , Adrianus Christopher , Chami Mohamed , Stevens Molly M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA significant factor hindering the clinical translation of polymersomes as vesicular nanocarriers is the limited availability of comparative studies detailing their interaction with blood plasma proteins compared to liposomes. Here, polymersomes are self‐assembled via film rehydration, solvent exchange, and polymerization‐induced self‐assembly using five different block copolymers. The hydrophilic blocks are composed of anti‐fouling polymers, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) or poly(2‐methyl‐2‐oxazoline) (PMOXA), and all the data is benchmarked to PEGylated “stealth” liposomes. High colloidal stability in human plasma (HP) is confirmed for all but two tested nanovesicles. In situ fluorescence correlation spectroscopy measurements are then performed after incubating unlabeled nanovesicles with fluorescently labeled HP or the specific labeled plasma proteins, human serum albumin, and clusterin (apolipoprotein J). The binding of HP to PMOXA‐polymersomes could explain their relatively short circulation times found previously. In contrast, PEGylated liposomes also interact with HP but accumulate high levels of clusterin, providing them with their known prolonged circulation time. The absence of significant protein binding for most PEG‐polymersomes indicates mechanistic differences in protein interactions and associated downstream effects, such as cell uptake and circulation time, compared to PEGylated liposomes. These are key observations for bringing polymersomes closer to clinical translation and highlighting the importance of such comparative studies.
Dimension‐free square function estimates for Dunkl operators
Authors: Li Huaiqian , Zhao Mingfeng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDunkl operators may be regarded as differential‐difference operators parameterized by finite reflection groups and multiplicity functions. In this paper, the Littlewood–Paley square function for Dunkl heat flows in is introduced by employing the full “gradient” induced by the corresponding carré du champ operator and then the boundedness is studied for all . For , we successfully adapt Stein's heat flows approach to overcome the difficulty caused by the difference part of the Dunkl operator and establish the boundedness, while for , we restrict to a particular case when the corresponding Weyl group is isomorphic to and apply a probabilistic method to prove the boundedness. In the latter case, the curvature‐dimension inequality for Dunkl operators in the sense of Bakry–Emery, which may be of independent interest, plays a crucial role. The results are dimension‐free.
A novel mutation in the collagen domain of EDA results in hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia by impacting the receptor‐binding capability
Authors: Liu Xingyu , Zhao Yuming , Zhu Junxia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundHypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) mainly results from gene mutations in the EDA/EDAR/NF‐κB pathway. Function analysis of the mutations in the collagen domain of ectodysplasin A (EDA)result in HED has been rarely studied. This study aimed at determining the mechanism by which the novel collagen domain mutation of EDA results in HED.MethodsWe analyzed the DNAs from a Chinese family with HED and performed bioinformatics analysis. A new three‐dimensional structure model of the EDA trimer was built and used to predict the effect of the mutations on EDA. We performed a western blot to detect EDA1 proteins in cell lysates and supernatants. We then performed coimmunoprecipitation to determine whether the mutation would affect the interaction of EDA1 with the EDA receptor (EDAR). Dual luciferase reporter assay and immunofluorescence were performed to detect the effect of the mutant EDA1 protein on nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) activation.ResultsA novel missense mutation (c.593G > A, p. Gly198Glu) in the collagen domain of EDA was detected. The mutation was predicted to be disease‐causing. A three‐dimensional structure model of the EDA trimer was first built in this study, in which the mutation site is located around the receptor binding domain. Functional studies showed that there was no difference in the secretion activity between the mutant EDA1 and the wild‐type EDA1. However, the receptor‐binding activity and the transcription activation of NF‐κB were impaired by the mutation.ConclusionWe identified a novel mutation (c.593G > A, p. Gly198Glu) in the collagen domain of EDA. Bioinformatics analysis and functional studies showed this mutation was damaging, indicating that mutations in the collagen domain of EDA could result in HED by affecting the receptor‐binding activity of EDA and the transcriptional activity of NF‐κB.
Expanding the genetic causes of small‐fiber neuropathy: SCN genes and beyond
Authors: Chan Amanda C. Y. , Kumar Shivaram , Tan Grace , Wong Hiu Yi , Ong Jonathan J. Y. , Chandra Bharatendu , Huang Hua , Sharma Vijay Kumar , Lai Poh San 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSmall‐fiber neuropathy (SFN) is a disorder that exclusively affects the small nerve fibers, sparing the large nerve fibers. Thinly myelinated Aδ‐fibers and unmyelinated C‐fibers are damaged, leading to development of neuropathic pain, thermal dysfunction, sensory symptoms, and autonomic disturbances. Although many SFNs are secondary and due to immunological causes or metabolic disturbances, the etiology is unknown in up to half of the patients. Over the years, this proportion of “idiopathic SFN” has decreased, as familial and genetic causes have been discovered, thus shifting a proportion of once “idiopathic” cases to the genetic category. After the discovery of SCN9A‐gene variants in 2012, SCN10A and SCN11A variants have been found to be pathogenic in SFN. With improved accessibility of SFN diagnostic tools and genetic tests, many non‐SCN variants and genetically inherited systemic diseases involving the small nerve fibers have also been described, but only scattered throughout the literature. There are 80 SCN variants described as causing SFN, 8 genes causing hereditary sensory autonomic neuropathies (HSAN) described with pure SFN, and at least 7 genes involved in genetically inherited systemic diseases associated with SFN. This systematic review aims to consolidate and provide an updated overview on the genetic variants of SFN to date‐‐‐SCN genes and beyond. Awareness of these genetic causes of SFN is imperative for providing treatment directions, prognostication, and management of expectations for patients and their health‐care providers.
Analysentechnik: Justieren unter Extrembedingungen
Authors: Ehresnberger Christian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRichtungsabhängige physikalische Eigenschaften von Festkörpern zu bestimmen, etwa die Leitfähigkeit, ist dann schwierig, wenn Temperaturen tief und magnetische Feldstärken hoch sein müssen. Ingenieure am Helmholtz‐Zentrum Dresden‐Rossendorf haben dafür einen Probenkopf entwickelt.
Chemiegeschichte: Instrumentenglasbläser – virtuos und handwerklich
Authors: Friedrich Rainer , Gros Leo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBis ins 19. Jahrhundert stellten Experimentatoren im Labor ihre Geräte selbst her. Laborgeräte aus Glas gab es lange nur aus Glashütten, zu kaufen in Apotheken. Bis im 20. Jahrhundert Geräte standardisiert wurden, existierte eine Vielfalt unterschiedlicher Größen, Maße und Verbindungsstücke für Destillen, Kühler oder Exsikkatoren. Viele Schritte im Glasgerätebau sind bis heute Handarbeit.
Verfahrenstechnik: Wärme, saisonal und langfristig
Authors: Schmieder Lena , Bürgmayr Harald , Winter Franz 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDie TU Wien bringt mit Industrie‐ und Kooperationspartnern ein Verfahren zur Marktreife, das Energie mit reversiblen, chemischen Reaktionen speichert. Deshalb ist während der Lagerung keine Isolierung erforderlich, und viele Ladezyklen sind ohne Verluste möglich.
Der Neandertaler in uns
Authors: Groß Michael 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDer Medizin‐Nobelpreis für Genomforschung an unseren vor 30 000 Jahren ausgestorbenen Verwandten mag auf den ersten Blick ironisch erscheinen. Aber er hebt hervor, dass diese anfangs exzentrisch anmutende Forschung inzwischen für die Medizin der heutigen Menschen nützlich ist.
Doktorandenseminar Nucleinsäurechemie in Bad Herrenalb
Authors: Richert Clemens 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAnfang Oktober fand das sechste Doktorandenseminar der Deutschen Nucleinsäurechemiegemeinschaft (DNG) in Bad Herrenalb statt. Zu der zweitägigen Veranstaltung hatten sich 41 Teilnehmer:innen angemeldet, darunter 27 Doktorand:innen aus Arbeitsgruppen mit Nucleinsäurechemie‐Bezug. Neben vier Methodenvorträgen externer Referenten waren neun Doktorandenvorträge auf dem Programm. Dabei reichte das Themenspektrum von antiviralen Nucleosiden bis zur Cryo‐Elektronenmikroskopie von DNA‐Nanostrukturen und der industriellen Produktion von siRNAs. Sowohl nach den Vorträgen als auch an den 13 ausgestellten Postern, die zuvor in Kurzvorträgen präsentiert wurden, gab es einen regen Ideenaustausch.
Recycling: Als ich mal in Polyamid existierte
Authors: Bulmahn Maren 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEin Kohlenstoffatom erzählt von seinen Reisen durch Kunststoffanwendungen, inspiriert von der Kunststoffmesse K 2022 im Herbst in Düsseldorf. Dort war es eine Zeit lang in einem gelben Sack, denn Kreislaufwirtschaft gehörte zu den Hauptthemen der Messe.
Space‐local reduced‐order bases for accelerating reduced‐order models through sparsity
Authors: Anderson Spenser , White Cristina , Farhat Charbel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractProjection‐based model order reduction (PMOR) methods based on linear or affine approximation subspaces accelerate numerical predictions by reducing the dimensionality of the underlying computational models. The state of the art of PMOR includes approximation methods based on state‐local subspaces—that is, subspaces associated with different regions of the solution manifold—and methods based on adaptive reduced‐order bases. For challenging applications such as those associated with highly nonlinear problems, such methods accelerate traditional PMOR by controlling the dimension of the reduced‐order basis (ROB) and associated projection‐based reduced‐order model (PROM). This article proposes an alternative as well as complementary approach for accelerating PMOR based on introducing sparsity into the ROB, in order to enhance the computational efficiency of the associated PROM. Specifically, the proposed approach introduces sparsity in PMOR by partitioning the computational domain rather than, or in addition to, the solution manifold, and therefore leads to the concept of a space‐local ROB. This concept is compatible with both concepts of a state‐local ROB and hyperreduction. It is demonstrated for two computational fluid dynamics problems in turbulent flow applications. Acceleration factors of the order of 1.5 relative to traditional PMOR and CPU time speedup factors of several orders of magnitude relative to high‐dimensional models are reported.
Nursing leaders' perspectives on research in specialist health services: A descriptive study
Authors: Jensen Kari Toverud , Hougaard Peter Forde , Knutstad Unni 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimThis study is to gain insight into how nursing leaders perceive their contribution to research‐based knowledge in hospital settings.DesignThe study has a qualitative descriptive design.MethodsNine nursing leaders were interviewed. Data were analysed based on Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis.ResultsThree themes were developed: the primacy of management and practicalities, delegated responsibility and lack of research competence. Even though the nurse leaders wish to be professional leaders, they seem to prioritize the day‐to‐day management. The nurse facilitators have been delegated, by the nurse leaders, the responsibility for the departments and the employees’ professional development. The participants reported that neither their own leaders, the nurses, nor they themselves had the necessary knowledge or the interest in engaging in research.ConclusionThere seems to be a lack of awareness, knowledge and priority of nursing research in nursing leadership and absence of a culture of research.
A longitudinal study on the changes in the self‐efficacy of breast cancer patients during adjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Kuan Chiao‐Chi , Kuo Wen‐Hung , Chang Shu‐Hui , Sun Huey‐Fang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimWe aimed to investigate the changes in the self‐efficacy of patients with breast cancer (BC) during adjuvant chemotherapy.DesignA longitudinal study was conducted.MethodsOne hundred thirty patients with BC who underwent postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy at a medical centre in northern Taiwan were evaluated using self‐efficacy survey tools before the first (T1), second (T2) and last (T3) cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy. The independent t‐test, Kruskal–Wallis test, one‐way analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation coefficient and generalized estimating equation were used for data analysis.ResultsThe self‐efficacy measures of patients with BC were significantly higher at both T2 and T3 than at T1 (p < 0.001). Religious beliefs and changes in self‐efficacy showed a significant correlation (p = 0.04). These findings will facilitate timely interventional measures to improve self‐efficacy in patients with maladaptive behaviours, alleviate psychological distress and reduce the risk of future disease recurrence.
The COVID‐19 lockdown increased obesity disparities; will the increases in type 2 diabetes continue?
Authors: Dietz William H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of the increases in pediatric obesity during the COVID‐19 lockdown with the annual increases in obesity in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).MethodsThis study compared two reports of increases in the prevalence of obesity in youth during the COVID‐19 lockdown with the annual rate of increase in obesity in NHANES.ResultsWhen expressed as multiples, the changes in prevalence among elementary school children observed in two population‐based surveys were 28 to 63 times greater than the annual changes in the prevalence of obesity observed in NHANES. Increases in Black and Hispanic youth were greater than those in White youth. The net impact of the COVID‐19 lockdown increased the disparities in obesity among this age group.ConclusionsThe rapid increases in obesity are likely to persist and may be associated with an increase in the prevalence of severe obesity as these children age. Furthermore, the increased susceptibility to diabetes in Hispanic and Black children, as well as the reported increase in diabetes among 0‐ to 18‐year‐old individuals during the COVID‐19 pandemic, may lead to an increased incidence of type 2 diabetes in minority youth with obesity.
Effect of different curing temperatures on the damping properties of graphene oxide‐carbon fiber/epoxy resin composites
Authors: Cai Feichao , Ma Yuqin , Xu Yi , Guo Haiyin , Xu Wei , Li Fei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper, five groups of graphene oxide‐carbon fiber/epoxy resin (GO‐CF/EP) composites with different curing temperatures were prepared by the vacuum infiltration hot‐press system (VIHPS). These five groups of composites presented satisfactory macroscopic morphologies. However, the microstructure of the GO‐CF/EP composite cured at 110°C was satisfactory because there was no obvious infiltration defect. The damping properties of these composites were tested by force hummer method. When the curing temperature was 110°C, the composite had a maximum damping ratio of 0.21%, while the composite cured at 130°C had a minimum damping ratio of 0.13%, which decreased by 35.89%. In addition, when the curing temperature was higher, the damping properties of the composite were also worse than that of the composite cured at lower temperature. Because the curing temperature was different, the infiltration effect of resin in the fiber was various, and the energy dissipation ways in the composite material was different, which was reflected in the damping properties.
Preparation and aggregate structure of polyacrylonitrile and microcrystalline cellulose hygroscopic thermal composite fibers
Authors: Chen Qiushan , Qu Meijie , Wang Hai , Tang Ping , Liu Rongkun , Zhang Rui , Bin Yuezhen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHygroscopic thermal fibers are a kind of functional material that makes use of moisture to generate heat for fabrics. In this work, composite fibers of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) with various compositions were prepared using a solution spinning method. Besides the promotion of mechanical properties of PAN by addition of cellulose reported in previous research, this study focused on the hygroscopic thermal property of blends and spun fibers of PAN and cellulose. The content of MCC in the composite fibers has a significant effect on the hygroscopic thermal property. At a temperature of 17 °C and humidity of 90%, the maximum temperature increase of composite fibers could reach 4.9 °C. The composite fibers exhibited an obvious temperature response of on–off humidity circulation during testing. The breaking strength of the composite fibers was higher than 100 MPa. The influence of addition of cellulose on morphology, especially on the crystallinity and lateral size of PAN microfibrils, and the relationship between the morphology and hygroscopic thermal property were investigated by means of wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction and small‐angle X‐ray scattering in terms of experiment and theory. A smaller lateral size of microfibril led to a better hydroscopic thermal property. The composite fibers were expected to be used in temperature regulation clothing. © 2022 Society of Industrial Chemistry.