bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global genomic analyses of wheat powdery mildew reveal association of pathogen spread with historical human migration and trade
Authors: Sotiropoulos Alexandros G. , Arango-Isaza Epifanía , Ban Tomohiro , Barbieri Chiara , Bourras Salim , Cowger Christina , Czembor Paweł C. , Ben-David Roi , Dinoor Amos , Ellwood Simon R. , Graf Johannes , Hatta Koichi , Helguera Marcelo , Sánchez-Martín Javier , McDonald Bruce A. , Morgounov Alexey I. , Müller Marion C. , Shamanin Vladimir , Shimizu Kentaro K. , Yoshihira Taiki , Zbinden Helen , Keller Beat , Wicker Thomas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe fungusBlumeria graminisf. sp.triticicauses wheat powdery mildew disease. Here, we study its spread and evolution by analyzing a global sample of 172 mildew genomes. Our analyses show thatB.g. triticiemerged in the Fertile Crescent during wheat domestication. After it spread throughout Eurasia, colonization brought it to America, where it hybridized with unknown grass mildew species. Recent trade brought USA strains to Japan, and European strains to China. In both places, they hybridized with local ancestral strains. Thus, although mildew spreads by wind regionally, our results indicate that humans drove its global spread throughout history and that mildew rapidly evolved through hybridization.
Structural and mechanistic insights into the cleavage of clustered O-glycan patches-containing glycoproteins by mucinases of the human gut
Authors: Taleb Víctor , Liao Qinghua , Narimatsu Yoshiki , García-García Ana , Compañón Ismael , Borges Rafael Junqueira , González-Ramírez Andrés Manuel , Corzana Francisco , Clausen Henrik , Rovira Carme , Hurtado-Guerrero Ramon 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMucinases of human gut bacteria cleave peptide bonds in mucins strictly depending on the presence of neighboring O-glycans. The Akkermansia muciniphila AM0627 mucinase cleaves specifically in between contiguous (bis) O-glycans of defined truncated structures, suggesting that this enzyme may recognize clustered O-glycan patches. Here, we report the structure and molecular mechanism of AM0627 in complex with a glycopeptide containing a bis-T (Galβ1-3GalNAcα1-O-Ser/Thr) O-glycan, revealing that AM0627 recognizes both the sugar moieties and the peptide sequence. AM0627 exhibits preference for bis-T over bis-Tn (GalNAcα1-O-Ser/Thr) O-glycopeptide substrates, with the first GalNAc residue being essential for cleavage. AM0627 follows a mechanism relying on a nucleophilic water molecule and a catalytic base Glu residue. Structural comparison among mucinases identifies a conserved Tyr engaged in sugar-π interactions in both AM0627 and the Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron BT4244 mucinase as responsible for the common activity of these two mucinases with bis-T/Tn substrates. Our work illustrates how mucinases through tremendous flexibility adapt to the diversity in distribution and patterns of O-glycans on mucins.
TRPM7 deficiency exacerbates cardiovascular and renal damage induced by aldosterone-salt
Authors: Rios Francisco J. , Zou Zhi-Guo , Harvey Adam P. , Harvey Katie Y. , Camargo Livia L. , Neves Karla B. , Nichol Sarah E. F. , Alves-Lopes Rheure , Cheah Alexius , Zahraa Maram , Ryazanov Alexey G. , Ryazanova Lillia , Gudermann Thomas , Chubanov Vladimir , Montezano Augusto C. , Touyz Rhian M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHyperaldosteronism causes cardiovascular disease as well as hypomagnesemia. Mechanisms are ill-defined but dysregulation of TRPM7, a Mg2+-permeable channel/α-kinase, may be important. We examined the role of TRPM7 in aldosterone-dependent cardiovascular and renal injury by studying aldosterone-salt treated TRPM7-deficient (TRPM7+/Δkinase) mice. Plasma/tissue [Mg2+] and TRPM7 phosphorylation were reduced in vehicle-treated TRPM7+/Δkinase mice, effects recapitulated in aldosterone-salt-treated wild-type mice. Aldosterone-salt treatment exaggerated vascular dysfunction and amplified cardiovascular and renal fibrosis, with associated increased blood pressure in TRPM7+/Δkinase mice. Tissue expression of Mg2+-regulated phosphatases (PPM1A, PTEN) was downregulated and phosphorylation of Smad3, ERK1/2, and Stat1 was upregulated in aldosterone-salt TRPM7-deficient mice. Aldosterone-induced phosphorylation of pro-fibrotic signaling was increased in TRPM7+/Δkinase fibroblasts, effects ameliorated by Mg2+ supplementation. TRPM7 deficiency amplifies aldosterone-salt-induced cardiovascular remodeling and damage. We identify TRPM7 downregulation and associated hypomagnesemia as putative molecular mechanisms underlying deleterious cardiovascular and renal effects of hyperaldosteronism.
Soil inoculum identity and rate jointly steer microbiomes and plant communities in the field
Authors: Han Xu , Li Yingbin , Li Yuhui , Du Xiaofang , Li Bing , Li Qi , Bezemer T Martijn 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Inoculation with soil from different ecosystems can induce changes in plant and soil communities and promote the restoration of degraded ecosystems. However, it is unknown how such inoculations influence the plant and soil communities, how much inoculum is needed, and whether inocula collected from similar ecosystems will steer soil and plant communities in different directions. We conducted a three-year soil inoculation experiment at a degraded grassland and used two different soil inocula both from grasslands with three inoculation rates. We measured the development of the soil and plant communities over a period of three years. Our results show that soil inoculation steers the soil microbiome and plant communities at the inoculated site into different directions and these effects were stronger with higher amount of soil used to inoculate. Network analyses showed that inoculation with upland meadow soil introduced more genera occupying the central position in the biotic network and resulted in more complex networks in the soil than inoculation with meadow steppe soil. Our findings emphasize that there are specific effects of donor soil on soil microbiomes as well as plant communities and that the direction and speed of development depend on the origin and the amount of soil inoculum used. Our findings have important implications for the restoration of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in degraded grassland ecosystems.
Inhibition of NEDD8 NEDDylation induced apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia cells via p53 signaling pathway
Authors: Chen Yanli , Sun Ling 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
MLN4924 is a potent and selective small-molecule inhibitor of NEDD8-activating enzyme, which showed antitumor effect in several types of malignant tumor types. However, the mechanism of action of MLN4924 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) requires further investigation. Real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was conducted to detect the mRNA levels of genes. Gene expression was knocked down by short hairpin RNA (shRNA). Moreover, the protein expression was detected by Western blotting (WB) assay. The proliferation and apoptosis of AML cells were measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) assay and flow cytometry (FCM). In the present study, we observed that the mRNA expression levels of NEDD8, UBA3, UBE2M and RBX1 in AML patients were up-regulated compared with healthy controls, which were correlated with worse overall survival (OS) of patients. Besides, knockdown of UBA3, UBE2M and RBX1 inhibited the NEDDylation of CULs and increased the protein expression of p53 and p21 in MOLM-13 cell line. In AML cells, MLN4924 inhibited cell proliferation, promoted cell apoptosis, and induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. As revealed by experiments in vivo and in vitro, the NEDDylation of CULs was significantly inhibited and the p53 signaling pathway was activated after MLN4924 treatment. So, we concluded that NEDD8, UBA3, UBE2M and RBX1 may serve as the prognostic biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets for AML. Inhibition of the NEDDylation pathway resulted in an anti-leukemia effect by activating the p53 signaling pathway.
Preference for Combinations of Hearing Aid Signal Processing
Authors: Rallapalli Varsha , Schauer Jacob , Souza Pamela 
Published: July 2022

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to determine how
multiple
types of signal processing activated
together
influence listeners' preferences.

Method:
Participants were adults with mild to moderately severe sensorineural hearing loss. Stimuli were spatialized low-context sentences mixed with six-talker babble at 3 and 8 dB signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). Stimuli were processed with three common hearing aid processing algorithms: wide dynamic range compression (WDRC), frequency compression (FC), and digital noise reduction (DNR). A full-factorial design with two levels for each algorithm (WDRC & DNR: mild versus strong; FC: ON versus OFF; clinically relevant ranges) was evaluated. Preference was measured using a paired-comparison task within a choice-based conjoint analysis framework. Remote data collection methods were used. A signal fidelity metric quantified the acoustic effects across conditions.

Results:
At 3 dB SNR, participants preferred a combination of Slow WDRC and Mild DNR, although the mean preference was small (odds ratio close to 1). At both SNRs when Strong DNR was used, Fast WDRC was preferred over Slow WDRC. This may be related to signal fidelity, which was lower for the combination of Fast WDRC and Mild DNR and higher for the combination of Slow WDRC and either Mild DNR or Strong DNR. There was no effect of FC on preference or signal fidelity.

Conclusions:
WDRC and DNR together influenced both listeners' preferences and signal fidelity in the investigated listening conditions. On average, the small effect sizes suggest that minor fine-tuning adjustments to hearing aid algorithms may not result in a substantial change in clinical outcomes.
Quantitative damping reshaping method based on equivalent RLC circuits using an active damper
Authors: Li Fei , Feng Qiang , Wang Yichao , Wang Hanyu , Ma Mingyao , Zhang Xing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLarge scale power electronic converters in renewable energy power system (REPS) constitute a complex multi‐scale high‐order non‐linear network. Harmonic amplitude amplification of specific frequency (e.g. harmonic resonance) often occurs in stable REPS, threatening the normal operation of the system. The impedance reshaping methods based on the stability margin cannot quantitatively assess the risk of harmonic resonance, so that the reshaped system damping may be in a state of under‐ or over‐damped. This paper proposes a harmonic damping concise estimation (HDCE) method based on the one port equivalent RLC impedance model, which quantitatively describes the magnitude of harmonic damping of the system. Aiming at the harmonic damping of the system in an ideal power network, a method of quantitative reshaping of system damping based on HDCE using active damper is proposed, which ensures that the reshaped system is neither under‐damped nor over‐damped. The harmonic resonance is suppressed effectively while the current stress of the active damper is kept as small as possible. Simulation and experimental results verify the correctness of these analytical and quantitative damping reshaping methods.
COVID-19 und bipolare affektive Störung: Subjektive
Veränderung der Lebensstilvariablen während des ersten Lockdowns
in der COVID-19-Pandemie in Österreich
Authors: Ortner Jennifer , Bengesser Susanne A. , Wagner-Skacel Jolana , Fellendorf Frederike T. , Fleischmann Eva , Ratzenhofer Michaela , Lenger Melanie , Queissner Robert , Tmava-Berisha Adelina , Platzer Martina , Maget Alexander , Pilz René , Birner Armin , Reininghaus Eva , Dalkner Nina 
Published: July 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die COVID-19-Pandemie mit ihren Schutzmaßnahmen
(z. B. Lockdown) hat einen weitreichenden Einfluss auf die
Befindlichkeit aller Menschen. Das Ziel dieser Studie war es,
Lebensstilvariablen während des ersten österreichischen
Lockdowns bei Patient*innen mit bipolarer Erkrankung im Vergleich zu
einer gesunden Kontrollgruppe zu untersuchen und subjektive
Veränderungen durch die Pandemie zu erheben.
Methode Anfang April 2020 wurde eine Online-Befragung mit 75
Teilnehmer*innen (35 Patient*innen und 40 Kontrollpersonen) mit
standardisierten Fragebögen (Beck Depression Inventory-2, Food Craving
Inventory, Altman Self Rating Mania Scale) sowie nicht-standardisierten
COVID-19-spezifischen Fragen zum Thema „Psychische Belastung und
Auswirkungen der COVID-19-Pandemie bei bipolarer Störung“ per
LimeSurvey durchgeführt.
Ergebnisse Beide Gruppen gaben an, dass sich die Pandemie negativ auf ihre
psychische Gesundheit ausgewirkt habe. Die Studienteilnehmer*innen mit
bipolarer Störung zeigten signifikant höhere Werte im Beck
Depression Inventory-2 (p<0,001), in der emotionalen Belastung durch die
räumliche Distanzierung (p=0,003) und signifikant niedrigere
Werte im Kraftsport (p=0,039) sowie im Sport generell (p=0,003)
im Vergleich zur Kontrollgruppe. Außerdem rauchten Patient*innen
mit bipolarer Erkrankung während dieser Zeit kompensatorisch mehr als
Personen der Kontrollgruppe. Personen mit bipolarer Störung gaben mit
42,9% häufiger an, während der Pandemie weniger
leistungsfähig zu sein, und 22,9% verzeichneten eine
Gewichtszunahme im Vergleich zu vor der Pandemie. Die Kontrollgruppe war
hingegen mit 17,5% weniger leistungsfähig und 5,0%
berichteten über eine Gewichtszunahme. Ein Vergleich mit
Prä-Pandemie-Daten zeigte jedoch eine Abnahme im Food Craving in beiden
Gruppen.
Konklusion Diese Studie lieferte erste Hinweise auf die psychische
Belastung und auf die ungünstigen Auswirkungen auf den Lebensstil von
Menschen mit einer bipolaren Störung zu Beginn der COVID-19-Pandemie.
Eine psychiatrische Betreuung und Erste-Hilfe-Maßnahmen für
Patient*innen mit psychischer Störung wären gerade in
Krisenzeiten wichtig, um einen gesunden Lebensstil zu pflegen und so
ungünstigen Entwicklungen gegenzusteuern.
Litigation in Septorhinoplasty Surgery: A Pan-Specialty Review of National Health Service (the United Kingdom) Data
Authors: Ross Talisa , Arwyn-Jones James , Navaratnam Annakan V. , Pendolino Alfonso L. , Randhawa Premjit S. , Andrews Peter , Saleh Hesham A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSuccess in septorhinoplasty surgery can be difficult to assess due to a lack of objective and measurable outcomes. If patients' expectations are not met, it places surgeons performing septorhinoplasty at risk of litigation which can be stressful and costly. The National Institute of health (NHS) Resolution is a government-funded organization in the United Kingdom that provides expertise to the NHS on resolving patient concerns. Data were requested from NHS Resolution for claims involving septorhinoplasty surgery over a period of 5 years between April 2015 and April 2020. Rhinoplasty claims performed by all specialties were included. Data included the claim status, incident details, alleged injury, damages claimed, and damages paid. A total of 31 claims were identified by the study, equating to a total cost of £1,347,336.10. Of the 31 claims for rhinoplasty or septorhinoplasty, 9 cases were open (29%, £962,361.00) and 22 cases were closed (71%, £384,975.10). The common causes for claims were “intraoperative problems (32%),” “failure to warn–informed consent (19%),” and “foreign body left in situ (13%).” The most common injuries were “cosmetic disfigurement (39%),” “unnecessary pain (29%),” and “additional/ unnecessary operation (29%).” This study highlights the need for improved awareness of clinical negligence claims among surgeons who perform septorhinoplasty. Results are applicable to all specialties who perform the procedure. The study highlights the importance of assessing patients' motives and expectations prior to surgery and emphasizes the need for a well-documented rigorous consent process.
Photochemical Decarboxylative Formylation of Indoles with Aqueous Glyoxylic Acid
Authors: Nagarajan Rajagopal , Dinesh Votarikari 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA direct metal- and oxidant-free photochemical decarboxylative formylation of indoles with 50% aqueous glyoxylic acid proceeds in good to moderate yields.
Synthesis of 3-Aryl-Substituted 4-Aminopyrazoles from Acetophenones
Authors: Stumpf Andreas , Xu Di , Tuck Tyler A. , Zhang Haiming 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA synthetic methodology for a protecting-group-free formation of 3-aryl-substituted 4-aminopyrazoles from acetophenones via a telescoped oximation and hydrazine condensation of 1,3-ketoaldehydes to generate nitrosopyrazoles, and copper-catalyzed NaBH4 reduction of the nitroso group, was demonstrated. The synthesis tolerates a broad scope of substrates with a variety of substituents on the phenyl ring to afford the desired products.
APSO Standards: Implementing Hearing Aid Needs Assessments and Measuring Related Outcomes
Authors: Arnold Michelle L. , Sanchez Victoria A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe proportion of individuals who pose to benefit from the use of hearing aids is much smaller than those who adopt them. Likewise, many adults who try hearing devices abandon using them after a short period of time. Most factors related to hearing aid use are unrelated to a patient's hearing loss severity. Hearing loss treatment requires more than the provision of hearing aids as a sole intervention. Adoption rates could be improved through the implementation of evidence-based clinical protocols which maximize patients' success. Recently, the Audiology Practice Standards Organization (APSO) released evidence-based, formal standards of practice addressing hearing aid selection, fitting, and rehabilitation for adult and geriatric patients. Notably, the standards acknowledge the importance of an amplification needs assessment, including hearing aid outcomes measurement. In this brief narrative, we describe Standards 3 and 14 (Needs Assessment and Hearing Aid Outcomes Measurement) and offer an example of the clinical implementation of a comprehensive needs assessment and hearing aid outcomes measurement currently being used in a multisite, longitudinal clinical trial.
Hearing Aid Fitting Orientation and the APSO Standard
Authors: Phelan Jennifer , Lee Jeewon Jenny 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe Audiology Practice Standards Organization (APSO) which was formed in 2017 set out to compile basic services that audiologists within the field should adhere to in their practice. The second standard of the APSO is the Hearing Aid Fitting Standard for Adult and Geriatric Patients. Among the services outlined for an adult hearing aid fitting, orientation is discussed. A hearing aid fitting orientation needs to be device- and patient-centered while also covering various aspects of hearing aid orientation that supports patient's success during the process. This article discusses APSO Standard 12 regarding hearing aid orientation and details how this standard can be implemented in the clinic.
Colchicine as a Modulator of Platelet Function: A Systematic Review
Authors: Reddel Caroline J. , Pennings Gabrielle J. , Chen Vivien M. , Gnanenthiran Sonali , Kritharides Leonard 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe microtubule inhibitor and anti-inflammatory agent colchicine is used to treat a range of conditions involving inflammasome activation in monocytes and neutrophils, and is now known to prevent coronary and cerebrovascular events. In vitro studies dating back more than 50 years showed a direct effect of colchicine on platelets, but as little contemporary attention has been paid to this area, we have critically reviewed the effects of colchicine on diverse aspects of platelet biology in vitro and in vivo. In this systematic review we searched Embase, Medline, and PubMed for articles testing platelets after incubation with colchicine and/or reporting a clinical effect of colchicine treatment on platelet function, including only papers available in English and excluding reviews and conference abstracts. We identified 98 relevant articles and grouped their findings based on the type of study and platelet function test. In vitro, colchicine inhibits traditional platelet functions, including aggregation, clotting, degranulation, and platelet-derived extracellular vesicle formation, although many of these effects were reported at apparently supraphysiological concentrations. Physiological concentrations of colchicine inhibit collagen- and calcium ionophore-induced platelet aggregation and internal signaling. There have been limited studies of in vivo effects on platelets. The colchicine-platelet interaction has the potential to contribute to colchicine-mediated reduction in cardiovascular events, but there is a pressing need for high quality clinical research in this area.
Cardiovascular Risk Predictors High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 in Women with Lean Phenotype of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Prospective Case-Control Study
Authors: Shah Ashok K. , Yadav Birendra K. , Shah Amrendra K. , Suri Arpita , Deo Saurabh K. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective Accumulating evidence suggests increased cardiovascular risk in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) due to a cluster of factors, such as obesity, lipid abnormalities, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and hypertension. Markers such as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) can provide an adjunctive method for the assessment of cardiovascular risk and can indicate future coronary heart diseases in women with lean PCOS.
Materials and Methods In this prospective case-control study, women clinically diagnosed with PCOS (n = 25) with normal body mass index (BMI) and age and BMI-matched healthy controls (n = 75) were enrolled. The quantitative data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Unpaired Student's t-test was used to compare the values (PCOS vs. controls) and Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to elucidate the relationship between the variables.
Results The mean level of fasting blood sugar, serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin (PRL), hs-CRP, and PAI-1 were significantly increased in PCOS patients (p < 0.000) compared with the control patients. Of the reported cases, 54.16% had hs-CRP levels greater than 3 mg/L. When the cases were further divided into normal (n = 20) and IGT (n = 5), hs-CRP values were significantly higher in IGT group as compared with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) group. On bivariate correlation analysis, hs-CRP had significant correlations with PAI-1 (r = 0.41, p < 0.000), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR; r = 0.23, p = 0.02), fasting blood sugar (FBS; r = 0.26, p = 0.009), LDL (r = 0.20, p = 0.03), TSH (r = 0.42, p < 0.000), and LH-to-FSH ratio (r = 0.24, p = 0.01).
Conclusion Women with lean phenotype of PCOS suffer from many metabolic abnormalities such as abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperandrogenemia, and insulin resistance. The findings of the study suggest that environment of ongoing low-grade inflammation due to infiltration further exacerbates the metabolic derangements and cardiovascular risk. The investigations as hs-CRP and PAI-1 will help in early identification, diagnosis, and management of cardiovascular diseases associated with lean type of PCOS. These markers can prove to be beneficial in monitoring any unfavorable changes in cardiometabolic profile of such patients.