bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling of heat transfer and hydraulic resistance in short and long straight round pipes with semicircular turbulators depending on geometric and operating parameters
Authors: Lobanov I. E. 
Published: May 2022

Objective. The aim of the study was to determine the dependence of the distributions of average integral hydraulic resistances and convective heat transfer in turbulent flow in pipes with small (short channel) and large (long channel) sequences of semicircular periodic protrusions based on numerical solutions of the Reynolds equation systems, closed using Menter's shear stress transfer models, and energy equations on a multi-scale intersecting structured grid.Method. The calculation technique based on finite volume solutions of the Reynolds equation, closed using the Menter shear stress transfer model and the energy equation on a multi-scale intersecting structured grid, made it possible, with acceptable errors, to calculate the average coefficients of hydraulic resistance and heat transfer in a pipe with different quantities annular semicircular ledges.Result. Analytical comparisons were made of the calculated ratios for relative heat transfer and hydraulic resistance on the number of protrusions in channels with different values of relative heights of turbulators h/D, relative steps between turbulators t/D, different values of the Reynolds criteria Re, with other equivalent parameters, which showed that in in which case the qualitative deviations of the above characteristics are carried out monotonously, and in which case they are accompanied by extrema or inflections, and also showed cases of qualitative changes in the calculated characteristics. With the transition from 30 protrusions to 50, as a rule, only quantitative differences occur for the relative parameters of hydraulic resistance and heat transfer, and their qualitative changes are insignificant; with a further transition from 50 protrusions to 100, their quantitative changes also become insignificant.Conclusion. The nature of the patterns of distributions of the mean integral characteristics of flows and heat transfer for a channel with protrusions of various numbers must be taken into account for a short channel. An analysis of the calculated information obtained showed that when moving from a short channel with turbulators to a long one, most often, there is an increase in relative heat transfer and a decrease in relative hydraulic resistance, which justifies the advantage, from the point of view of intensification, of heat transfer by turbulence of the flow of the last channels in relation to the first channels.
Study of cement properties for plugging oil wells
Authors: Salamanova M. Sh. 
Published: May 2022

Objective. Cementing oil and gas wells at a sufficiently large depth and at high temperatures is a rather complex and energy-intensive process that requires the use of special cement. The review material on oil well cements confirms the responsibility of choosing this binder, which can guarantee the safe process of drilling, plugging and operating oil wells. The classification of well cement is given, because it is known that when cementing free space in a well, specialists face various difficulties associated with temperature changes, density differences in the earth's crust.Method. The studies were carried out in accordance with the normative documents GOST 310.3-76 Cements. Methods for determining normal density, setting time and uniformity of volume change; GOST 1581- 2019 Oil-well portland cements. Specifications; GOST 310.4-81 Cements. Methods for determining the ultimate strength in bending and compression.Result. The properties of grouting cement PCT-I100 were studied, to slow down the setting of the mortar mixture for 10-14 hours, additives "Sulfatsel" and "NTF" retarders were introduced into the binder system with mixing water. The research results showed that the use of retardant additives slowed down the hardening of the system in the first 10 hours, but after setting, the cement stone quickly gained the missing strength. The water demand of oil well cement is quite high 33–35%, which is mandatory for obtaining a mobile mortar mixture, taking into account its injection by pumps into the space of an oil wellConclusion. The purpose of grouting cement confirms the responsibility and importance of selecting a binder for plugging wells and is determined by various factors, in particular, hydrogeological conditions, temperature, groundwater level in the layers of the earth's crust.
Investigation of the dependences of the Vivaldi antenna with two curve radii in the electrodynamic modeling software package
Authors: Ibragimov S. A. 
Published: May 2022

Objective. The aim of the study is to build and optimize a computer model of the antenna using software packages for electrodynamic modeling.Method. The study is based on dynamic modeling methods.Result. In this paper, the dependences of the width of the radiation pattern on the curved Vivaldi antenna with a mirror arrangement of the petals are obtained. Graphs of the dependence of the radii of curved petals and aperture values on the width of the radiation pattern in two planes for frequencies of 3 and 24 GHz are plotted. Curve radius, antenna aperture and lower antenna height are plotted as functions of the maximum beamwidth for 24 GHz and the minimum beamwidth for 3 GHz. The obtained dependencies were approximated for two planes θ = 900 (antenna aperture plane) and φ = 00 (plane perpendicular to the antenna aperture plane). By means of regression analy sis, analytical descriptions and graphs of dependences of the maximum beamwidth for 24 GHz and the minimum beamwidth for 3 GHz, on the radii of the curves, aperture and the height of the lower curve of the antenna lobe were obtained.Conclusion. The resulting mathematical model makes it possible to obtain the values of the radius of the curve, the opening and the lower height of the antenna lobes for different frequencies, as a result, to build a Vivaldi antenna with the desired topology.
Problems of constructing logical-linguistic models of complex management dynamic objects
Authors: Magomedov I. A. , Mirzabekov M. M. , Aygumov T. G. 
Published: May 2022

Objective. The aim of the study is to solve the problems of constructing logicallinguistic (fuzzy) models for controlling the trajectory movement of complex dynamic objects.Method. To build logical-linguistic (fuzzy) control models, theories of fuzzy sets and algorithms of L. Zadeh were used.Result. The process of constructing logical-linguistic (fuzzy) models for controlling the trajectory movement of complex dynamic objects using the theory of fuzzy sets and fuzzy algorithms is given. A marine mobile object (MMO) operating in an uncertain environment was used as a control object in the work. It is shown that logical-linguistic (fuzzy) MPO control models can be built taking into account the rich practical experience of a navigator who does not have special knowledge, expressed by them in a qualitative form for building fuzzy control models.Conclusion. Logicallinguistic control models make it possible to ensure the movement of a marine moving object along a given trajectory with a quality of the controlled process sufficient for practical purposes under conditions of various external disturbances and drift of the parameters of the controlled object. The use of fuzzy control algorithms can significantly reduce the cost of computer time compared to the optimal search algorithm with an acceptable deterioration in the quality of the process and ensure the implementation of the control process in real time.
Determining the coordinates of the earthquake hypocenter with the simultaneous determination of seismic wave velocities
Authors: Sidorkina Yu. A. , Aslanov T. G. 
Published: May 2022

Objective. The purpose of the study is to determine the coordinates of the earthquake hypocenter with the simultaneous determination of the seismic wave velocity.Method. The study is based on the use of figures of the fourth and second order - the Cassini oval and hyperbola, figures of the second order - ellipse and hyperbola and combined methods that allow, at given seismic wave velocities, according to three seismic sensors, to determine the coordinates of the earthquake hypocenter. In this case, the velocities are assumed to be known a priori. According to the readings of the fourth seismic sensor, and for given seismic wave velocities, the distance from the fourth seismic sensor to the hypocenter is determined. Again, according to the coordinates of the fourth seismic sensor and the hypocenter coordinates calculated from the three seismic sensors, the distance between them is calculated. If the seismic wave velocities do not correspond to the true ones, a discrepancy will appear between the two calculated values of the distances from the hypocenter to the fourth seismic sensor. By varying the velocities of seismic waves when calculating the coordinates of the hypocenter, we achieve a minimum discrepancy.Result. The problem of determining the coordinates of the earthquake hypocenter with the simultaneous determination of seismic wave velocities is solved. The error distribution densities in determining the coordinates of the earthquake hypocenter and seismic wave velocities are obtained.Conclusion. The proposed method makes it possible to increase the accuracy of determining the coordinates of the earthquake source, as well as to refine the values of seismic wave velocities.
KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA DI KELAS RENDAH MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA CERITA BERGAMBAR (BIG BOOK)
Authors: Mahyuni Sri 
Published: May 2022

Membaca merupakan proses yang sangat kompleks. Dalam proses membaca, siswa berupaya memahami makna teks atau bacaan. Dalam kegiatan membaca siswa akan memperoleh informasi penting, yakni informasi visual yang berupa semua unsur tulisan yang ada dalam teks bacaan. Di samping itu, membaca merupakan suatu keterampilan yang memerlukan suatu latihan yang intensif, dan berkesinambungan. Siswa yang tidak mampu membaca dengan baik akan mengalami kesulitan dalam mengikuti kegiatan pembelajaran untuk semua mata pelajaran. Siswa akan mengalami kesulitan dalam menangkap dan memahami informasi yang disajikan dalam berbagai buku pelajaran, buku-buku bacaan penunjang dan sumber-sumber belajar tertulis yang lain. Siswa tersebut akan lamban sekali dalam menyerap pelajaran. Akibatnya, kemajuan belajarnya juga lamban jika dibandingkan dengan siswa yang tidak mengalami kesulitan dalam membaca. Untuk meningkatkan keterampilan membaca siswa kelas rendah, Guru dapat menggunakan media Big Book. Manfaat dari media buku cerita bergambar (Big Book) adalah dapat membantu anak dalam mengembangkan kemampuan bahasanya, dengan memiliki teks dan gambar yang berukuran besar dan penuh warna-warni yang sesuai dengan pemikiran secara simbolis, dapat membuat anak semakin tertarik untuk membaca dan mendengarkan cerita dari seorang guru Kata Kunci: Membaca di Kelas Rendah dan Media Buku Cerita Bergambar
Effects of Soil Penetration Resistance on the Performance of Semi-mounted Potato Planter
Authors: Abbas Omran Musa , Elfadil Abdelkarim D. , Mohammed Hassan I. , Khalid Omaima Bashir 
Published: May 2022

This study is conducted to evaluate the performance of semi-mounted potato planter (two row with a cup), on an area of (50 x 8 m) in the farm of the College of Agricultural Studies-Sudan University of Science and Technology. The effects of three levels of soil penetration resistance (100-70kg/cm2, 70-45kg/cm2 and 45-25kg/cm2) on the performance of potato planter was evaluated in terms of the seed to seed spacing, percentage of missing seed , depth of planting and field capacity. The results revealed that the increase in the soil penetration resistance induced a significant decrease in the depth of planting, Also There is no significant different between the two higher and medium levels of soil resistance (100-70kg/cm2 and 70-45kg/cm2), for seed to seed spacing, while there are a significant different in the lower level (24-45 kg/cm2). In contrast the levels of soil resistance did not show significant differences in the percentage of missing seed At the recommended soil resistance the effective field capacity and field efficiency of the planter was about 0.20 ha/hr and 63%, respectively. The developed polynomial relations between the studied evaluations attribute soil penetration resistance can be used to predict the field attribute to implement for certain soil penetration resistance
Effect of cold on knee osteoarthritis: Recent research status
Authors: Pan Haile , Shen Zilong , Chen Qi , Jiang Rui , Wang Yongchen 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a common chronic irreversible joint disease characterized by degenerative changes of articular cartilage and secondary hyper osteogeny. Knee osteoarthritis(KOA) affects not only the articular cartilage, but also the entire joint, including subchondral bone, joint capsule, synovial membrane, meniscus, ligaments, periarticular muscles, and tendons. The primary aim of treatment is to relieve symptoms, delay joint degeneration, and maximally maintain patient's quality of life. There are many risk factors contributing to the development of KOA, including climate. This review will discuss the relationship between climate in cold region and KOA and the possibility of modifying risk factors such as the environment for the prevention and treatment of KOA.
Effects of intermittent cold-exposure on culprit plaque morphology in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients: a retrospective study based on optical coherence tomography
Authors: Liu Jinxin , Fang Shaohong , Wang Shanjie , Sun Changbin , Sun Rong , Cai Hengxuan , Yu Bo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objective
Present study aimed to explore the effects of intermittent cold-exposure (ICE) on culprit plaque morphology in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in frigid zone.

Methods
Totally 848 STEMI patients with plaque rupture (N = 637) or plaque erosion (N = 211) were enrolled consecutively according to optical coherence tomography imaging. Data on the changes of outdoor air temperature corresponding to 24 solar terms were collected. Patients were divided into different groups according to 24 solar terms and the number of days with indoor central heating. Imaging data were measured and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Statistical analysis was conducted to elucidate the possible association of the STEMI patients of different groups with plaque morphology of culprit vessel with alterations of ambient temperature.

Results
The incidence of both plaque rupture and plaque erosion presented trough in summer. The incidence of plaque rupture reached a peak value in early winter when outdoor air temperature dropped below 0 °C and declined with supply of central heating. Persistent cold exposure in early winter was positively and significantly associated with plaque rupture. The incidence of plaque erosion presented a peak in severe winter with outdoor air temperature dropping below −20°C and steady supply of central heating. ICE in severe winter was positively and significantly associated with plaque with intact intima, especially in aged male or current smoking patients. The positive correlation of cold exposure with lipid size in culprit plaque in winter weakened with central heating.

Conclusion
ICE resulted from switching staying in between outdoor cold environment and indoor warm temperature with central heating in severe winter changed culprit plaque morphology in STEMI. Plaque rupture decreased whereas plaque erosion increased impacted by ICE. The effect of ICE on the transformation of plaque morphology might be explained by reduced lipid deposition.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DENGAN MEDIA E-BOOK BERBASIS SMARTPHONE TERHADAP KETUNTASAN BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Kristiana Cicik , Haning Hasbiyati  , Benny Afandi  
Published: May 2022

berbasis smartphone terhadap ketuntasan belajar siswa. Pembelajaran online bukan suatu alasan untuk guru tidak menggunakan media dan model pembelajaran. Media yang dipakai penelitian ini yaitu e-book berbasis smartphone dengan model pembelajaran problem based learning. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh terhadap ketuntasan belajar siswa. Jenis penelitian quasi experimental design. Sampel penelitian yaitu kelas VII B 23 siswa dan kelas VII C 19 siswa dengan menggunakan metode tes dan di analisis menggunakan uji Mann Whitney. Hasil analisis data penelitian diperoleh nilai Asymp.Sig sebesar 0,151 maka “hipotesis ditolak” artinya tidak ada perbedaan ketuntasan belajar pada kelas control maupun kelas eksperimen. Oleh karena itu, penelitian selanjutnya dapat memperluas materi serta tidak hanya mengukur ketuntasan belajar tetapi juga unsur lain yang mempengaruhi.
Kata kunci: E-book berbasis smartphone, ketuntasan belajar, problem based learning

ABSTRACT
The effect of problem based learning learning model with smartphone-based e-book media on student learning mastery.Online learning is not an excuse for teachers not to use media and learning models. The media used is a smartphone-based e-book with a problem-based learning model. This study was to determine the effect on student learning completeness. This type of research is a quasi-experimental design. The research sample is class VII B collecting 23 students and class VII C collecting 19 students using the test method and analysis using the Mann Whitney test. The results of data analysis obtained that the Asymp. Sig value of 0.151, it can be said that the "hypothesis is rejected" meaning that there is no difference in learning mastery in the control class and the experimental class. Therefore, further research can expand the material and not only measure learning mastery but also do not affect other factors.
Keywords: Smartphone-based e-books, complete learning, problem based learning
Perlindungan Hukum Saksi Dan Korban Penganiayaan Oleh Lembaga Perlindungan Saksi Dan Korban
Authors: Apriani Nadia Ayu , Pura Margo Hadi 
Published: May 2022

Saksi adalah orang yang mampu memberikan keterangan dalam penyidikan, penuntutan dan peradilan tentang suatu perkara pidana yang dimana orang tersebut sendiri yang mendengar,melihat dan mengalami sendiri. Hal ini bertujuan agar keterangan yang diberikan kebenaran nya dapat diterima. Sedangkan yang dimaksud korban adalah seseorang yang mengalami penderitaan fisik, mental, dan/atau kerugian ekonomi yang diakibatkan oleh suatu tindak pidana.Perlindungan hukum bagi korban penganiayaan dinilai masih kurang efektif, korban selalu menjadi pihak yang paling dirugikan, selain korban telah menderita kerugian akibat kejahatan yang menimpa dirinya, baik secara materiil, fisik, maupun psikologis, korban juga harus menanggung derita berganda karena tanpa disadari sering diperlakukan hanya sebagai sarana demi terwujudnya sebuah kepastian hukum, misalnya harus kembali mengemukakan, mengingat bahkan mengulangi (merekontruksi) kejahatan yang pernah menimpanya pada saat sedang menjalani proses pemeriksaan, baik ditingkat penyidikan maupun setelah kasusnya diperiksa di pengadilan. Hal ini karena korban tidak termasuk dalam bagian system peradilan pidana Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis normative merupakan bagian dari penelitian hukum kepustakaan yakni dengan cara meneliti bahan pustaka. Lembaga Perlindungan Saksi dan Korban bertanggung jawab untuk menangani memberikan perlindungan dan bantuan pada Saksi dan Korban berdasarkan tugas dan kewenangan sebagaimana diatur dalam Undang-Undang.
IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN PRESIDEN REPUBLIK INDONESIA NOMOR 86 TAHUN 2018 TENTANG REFORMA AGRARIA TERHADAP PELAKSANAAN REDISTRIBUSI TANAH NEGARA
Authors: Mawaddah Nova Yatiar , Zanariyah Sri , Male Martina 
Published: May 2022

Bagi masyarakat Indonesia tanah merupakan sumber kehidupan yang sangat penting. Kekurangan tanah, untuk dijadikan lahan garapan merupakan permasalahan pokok dalam suatu masyarakat agraris. Kabupaten Lampung Timur merupakan salah satu wilayah yang menyelenggarakan program redistribusi tanah, sebagian wilayah Lampung Timur adalah pertanian. Kondisi pemilikan dan penguasaan tanah yang timpang mendorong untuk menata struktur agrarian melalui kebijakan reforma agraria terhadap pelaksanaan redistribusi tanah negara guna mengakhiri pemilikan tanah yang luas (kelebihan maksimum) dan mengadakan pembagian yang adil.
Permasalahan : 1. Bagaimanakah pelaksanaan redistribusi tanah negara di Kabupaten Lampung Timur? 2. Apakah faktor penghambat dan pendukung pelaksanaan redistribusi tanah di Kantor Pertanahan Kabupaten Lampung Timur?
Penelitian yang digunakan yaitu jenis penelitian hukum deskripftif kualitatif melalui pendekatan normatif dan empiris. Jenis data yang diperlukan dalam penelitian ini meliputi data primer dan sekunder bersumber dari bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, dan bahan hukum tersier dan dianalisis secara kualitatif.
Dari hasil pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa proses pelaksanaan Redistribusi Tanah Negara di Kabupaten Lampung Timur ada satu kendala tentang subjek bertempat tinggal diluar redistribusi. Satu hal yang ditempuh Kantor Pertanahan Kabupaten Lampung Timur mengakomodir permohonan bertempat tinggal di luar asalkan dapat menunjukkan bukti perubahan alamat KTP elektronik sesuai dengan domisili kurun waktu 6 bulan, terdapat pula faktor diluar yang menjadi penghambat faktor teknis dan faktor non teknis. Faktor pendukung penataan akses di laksanakan dengan pola pemberian langsung oleh pemerintah dengan melibatkan masyarakat, pendanaan di bebankan pada Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara, Anggaran Pendapatan Belanja Daerah dan sumber lain yang sah. Seharusnya pemerintah melakukan penyuluhan, pembinaan, sosialisasi serta secara terpadu dan terus menerus yang berkenaan dengan pendaftaran tanah, dan masyarakat mendaftarkan tanahnya agar mendapatkan hak milik atas tanah dalam bentuk sertifikat serta bidang tanah yang telah menjadi obyek landreform dan telah diredistribusi kepada masyarakat di fungsikan sesuai peruntukannya.
PERTIMBANGAN HAKIM DALAM PENJATUHAN SANKSI PIDANA TERHADAP ANAK PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA NARKOTIKA (STUDI KASUS DI PENGADILAN NEGERI SEKAYU)
Authors: Afrizal Muhammad 
Published: May 2022

Pertimbangan hakim merupakan salah satu aspek terpenting dalam menentukan terwujudnya nilai dari suatu putusan hakim yang mengandung keadilan (ex aequo et bono) dan mengandung kepastian hukum, di samping itu juga mengandung manfaat bagi para pihak yang bersangkutan sehingga pertimbangan hakim ini harus disikapi dengan teliti, baik, dan cermat. Apabila pertimbangan hakim tidak teliti, baik, dan cermat, maka putusan hakim yang berasal dari pertimbangan hakim tersebut akan dibatalkan oleh Pengadilan Tinggi/ Mahkamah Agung. Pikiran anak yang masih terbatas dan tidak sesempurna orang dewasa serta gampang dipengaruhi oleh orang dewasa harus diperhatikan oleh Undang-Undang serta aparat penegak hukum, khususnys Hakim dalam menerapkan saksi terhadap anak pelaku tindak pidana narkotika dalam putusanya, yang dilihat oleh peneliti dalam putusan Pengadilan Negeri Sekayu Nomor: 55/ Pid.Sus-Anak/ 2016/ PN.Sky. Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Anak Yang Bermasalah Dengan Hukum Sebagai Pelaku Tindak Pidana Penyalagunaan Narkotika, Perlindungan terhadap anak sebagai pelaku tindak pidana: Diversi dan Keadilan Restoratif (Restorative Justice).
Pertimbangan Hakim Dalam Menjatuhkan Sanksi Pidana Terhadap Anak Yang Bermasalah Dengan Hukum Sebagai Pelaku Tindak Pidana Penyalagunaan Narkotika, dalam memutuskan perkara Nomor: 55/ Pid. Sus-Anak/ 2016/ PN.Sky, Hakim mengunakan dasar pertimbangan yang Bersifat Yudiris dan Bersifat Non-Yudiris.Pertimbangan yang bersifat yuridis Meliputi: Dakwaan Jaksa Penuntut Umum, Tuntutan Pidana, Keterangan Saksi, Keterangan Terdakwa, Barang Bukti, Pasal-Pasal dalam Undang-Undang Narkotika, Keadaan Yang Dapat Menjadi Pertimbangan Lain. Sedangkan Pertimbangan non yuridis, hakim melihat bagaimana perilaku anak dalam persidangan. Serta Aspek sosiologis, aspek psikologis, aspek kriminologi anak, dan Laporan hasil Penelitian Kemasyarakatan Nomor Regt. Litmas : 272/ Lit.Pyd/ VIII/ KA/ 2016.