bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Total Full-Thickness Upper Eyelid Reconstruction: Combination of Mustardé Eyelid Switch Flap with a Bipedicled Periosteal and Tenzel Flap Technique
Authors: Trigaux Céline , Holtmann Christoph , Neumann Inga , Borrelli Maria , Geerling Gerd 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Introduction In recent decades, two techniques for large full-thickness upper eyelid reconstruction have been described, the Cutler-Beard lid sharing flap and the Mustardé eyelid
switch flap. In the literature, modifications are being introduced to improve those techniques. Here, we present our approach for the reconstruction of total full-thickness upper eyelid
defects and compare it with these established upper lid reconstruction techniques.
Methods Three patients presented with upper eyelid tumors and required extensive excision resulting in total full-thickness upper eyelid defects. Reconstruction consisted of a
two-stage procedure: a Mustardé eyelid switch flap was performed followed by division of the rotation flap and lateral canthoplasty using a periosteal bipedicled flap and Tenzel flap.
Patients were followed-up every 3 months for at least 1 year. During every preoperative and postoperative check-up, palpebral fissure height, levator function, margin reflex distance, and
presence of lagophthalmos were measured.
Results Histopathological examination revealed a Merkel cell carcinoma in two cases and a Basal cell carcinoma in one case. Postoperatively, all patients showed a stable
reconstructed upper eyelid with preserved motility and satisfying aesthetic results when compared to the fellow eye. In one case, a lagophthalmos of 1.5 mm was observed, which was treated
conservatively to prevent exposure keratopathy.
Conclusion The eyelid switch flap combined with a bipedicled periosteal and a Tenzel flap is a good alternative for the reconstruction of total upper eyelid defects with the
advantage of leaving the contralateral eye untouched. It achieves satisfying anatomical results, including an upper eyelid margin with eyelashes and well-matched skin color.
Carbon Materials as Catalytic Tools for Oxidative Dehydrogenations and Couplings in Liquid Phase
Authors: Lenarda Anna , Wirtanen Tom , Helaja Juho 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCarbocatalysis is a heterogeneous metal-free catalytic technique of high potential for current and future synthetic processes. Carbocatalysts entail heterogeneous materials based on sp2/sp3 interconnected carbons decorated with oxygen functional groups, defects, and other heteroatom dopants. In this short review, we cover a wide range of different carbocatalyzed oxidative dehydrogenation reactions, with particular emphasis on liquid-phase transformations that are relevant for synthetic organic chemists.1	Introduction2	Structures of Catalytic Carbon Materials3	Oxidative Aromatizations with Activated Carbon4	Oxidative Dehydrogenation CH–CH Couplings5	Oxidative Dehydrogenation Coupling of Benzyl Amines6	Oxidations of Alcohols7	Other Oxidative Transformations by Heteroatom-Doped Carbon Materials8	Asphaltene Oxide9	Conclusions and Outlook
STA-A3 Bypass Using Radial Artery Graft for Progressive Cerebral Infarction of Bilateral ACA Region after STA-MCA Bypass Surgery for Moyamoya Disease
Authors: Hirano Yudai , Ono Hideaki , Inoue Tomohiro , Ohara Kenta , Tanishima Takeo , Tamura Akira , Saito Isamu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDirect revascularization surgery, such as superficial temporal artery (STA)-middle cerebral artery (MCA) bypass, is effective in preventing ischemia and hemorrhage for moyamoya disease. On the other hand, when ischemia of the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) region progresses after ipsilateral STA-MCA bypass, it is difficult to perform revascularization from the viewpoint of the donor artery. A 55-year-old woman with right hemiparesis was diagnosed with cerebral infarction due to moyamoya disease. Left STA-MCA bypass was performed with no postoperative complications, but memory impairment and decreased motivation were observed 2 months after the operation. Magnetic resonance imaging and angiography revealed new infarction in the bilateral ACA area and deterioration in the signal intensity of bilateral ACAs. Revascularization of the bilateral ACA regions was considered necessary, but the left STA was already used in the previous surgery. Therefore, STA-radial artery (RA)-A3 bypass using RA graft combined with right STA-MCA bypass was performed. STA-A3 bypass using an RA graft may be the optimal treatment for ischemia of the ACA region that progresses after STA-MCA bypass.
Feasibility of Metal Artifact Reduction on CT Angiography for Planning Direct Surgery of Tentorial dAVF after Onyx Embolization
Authors: Nakagawa Kanji , Toyota Shingo , Shimizu Takeshi , Murakami Tomoaki , Taki Takuyu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAlthough Onyx is approved as an embolic material for arteriovenous malformation (AVM) and dural arteriovenous fistula (dAVF), metal artifacts due to Onyx on CT remain problematic. We report the feasibility of a metal artifact reduction (MAR) algorithm on CT angiography (CTA) in the planning of direct surgery of dAVF after transarterial Onyx embolization. A 45-year-old male patient presented with right pulsatile tinnitus, and cerebral angiography demonstrated right tentorial dAVF. As the dAVF had not completely disappeared even after Onyx transarterial embolization, we planned direct surgery. Evaluation of the lesion was difficult on normal preoperative CTA because of Onyx artifacts, but CTA using MAR enabled a detailed planning of direct surgery. Direct surgery was performed through right retrosigmoid craniotomy. Referencing CTA using MAR, we identified the draining veins originating from the main drainer, which were coagulated and cut, achieving complete occlusion of the dAVF. His symptoms disappeared with no postoperative complications. CT angiography using MAR was useful for planning direct surgery after Onyx embolization. As the incidence of direct surgery after transarterial Onyx embolization for AVM or dAVF is increasing, MAR on CTA will become more important.
The Association between Prenatal Nicotine Exposure and Offspring's Hearing Impairment
Authors: Cleary Erin M. , Kniss Douglas A. , Fette Lida M. , Hughes Brenna L. , Saade George R. , Dinsmoor Mara J. , Reddy Uma M. , Gyamfi-Bannerman Cynthia , Varner Michael W. , Goodnight William H. , Tita Alan T. N. , Swamy Geeta K. , Heyborne Kent D. , Chien Edward K. , Chauhan Suneet P. , El-Sayed Yasser Y. , Casey Brian M. , Parry Samuel , Simhan Hyagriv N. , Napolitano Peter G. ,   for the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units (MFMU) Network
Published: August 2022

Objectives The objective of this study is to evaluate whether there is an association between in-utero exposure to nicotine and subsequent hearing dysfunction.
Materials and Methods Secondary analysis of a multicenter randomized trial to prevent congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection among gravidas with primary CMV infection was conducted. Monthly intravenous immunoglobulin hyperimmune globulin therapy did not influence the rate of congenital CMV. Dyads with missing urine, fetal or neonatal demise, infants diagnosed with a major congenital anomaly, congenital CMV infection, or with evidence of middle ear dysfunction were excluded. The primary outcome was neonatal hearing impairment in one or more ears defined as abnormal distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs; 1 to 8 kHz) that were measured within 42 days of birth. DPOAEs were interpreted using optimized frequency-specific level criteria. Cotinine was measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits in maternal urine collected at enrollment and in the third trimester (mean gestational age 16.0 and 36.7 weeks, respectively). Blinded personnel ran samples in duplicates. Maternal urine cotinine >5 ng/mL at either time point was defined as in-utero exposure to nicotine. Multivariable logistic regression included variables associated with the primary outcome and with the exposure (p < 0.05) in univariate analysis.
Results Of 399 enrolled patients in the original trial, 150 were included in this analysis, of whom 46 (31%) were exposed to nicotine. The primary outcome occurred in 18 (12%) newborns and was higher in nicotine-exposed infants compared with those nonexposed (15.2 vs. 10.6%, odds ratio [OR] 1.52, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.55–4.20), but the difference was not significantly different (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.0, 95% CI 0.30–3.31). This association was similar when exposure was stratified as heavy (>100 ng/mL, aOR 0.72, 95% CI 0.15–3.51) or mild (5–100 ng/mL, aOR 1.28, 95% CI 0.33–4.95). There was no association between nicotine exposure and frequency-specific DPOAE amplitude.
Conclusion In a cohort of parturients with primary CMV infection, nicotine exposure was not associated with offspring hearing dysfunction assessed with DPOAEs.
Key Points
Zero-Profile Anchored Spacer (ROI-C) in the Treatment of Cervical Adjacent Segment Disease
Authors: Iampreechakul Prasert , Choochaimangkhala Punproom , Tirakotai Wuttipong , Hangsapruek Sunisa , Puthkhao Pimchanok , Tanpun Adisak 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background Self-locking stand-alone cages have increasingly been used in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) cervical degenerative disc disease. We studied clinical and radiological outcomes of patients who underwent zero-profile anchored spacer (ROI-C)–assisted ACDF without anterior plate fixation in cervical adjacent segment disease.
Materials and Methods Fifteen patients suffering from cervical adjacent segment disease with various symptoms, such as radiculopathy, myelopathy, or both, were retrospectively evaluated. The cervical adjacent segment disease was confirmed by plain radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging. The patients underwent radiological evaluation to assess cervical curvature, intervertebral height, fusion, and subsidence. Clinical assessment was graded using a visual analog scale, Modified Japanese Orthopedic Association score, and the Neck Disability Index.
Results There were 19 levels of operation. Single-level ACDF was performed in 11 patients and two level in 4 patients. In the postoperative period, our study revealed significant improvement in the clinical outcome. The cervical curvature and intervertebral height were significantly improved at 12-months follow-up (p < 0.05). The fusion rate was 100%, whereas subsidence occurred in 5.3% but produced no symptoms. Of the 19 operated segment, 2 (5.3%) from 38 VerteBRIDGE plates had breakage. There was only one case of mild dysphagia, which resolved in less than 2 weeks.
Conclusion This study indicates that zero-profile anchored spacer (ROI-C) in the treatment of cervical adjacent segment disease provides improvement of clinical outcomes, restoration of lordosis, high fusion rate, and low incidence of dysphagia. However, subsidence and breakage of VerteBRIDGE plate occurred in 5.3% cases, but did not cause clinical symptoms.
Iatrogenic Bowel Traversal during Percutaneous Drainage Catheter Placement: A Single-Center Retrospective Review of 3,507 Procedures
Authors: Nakanote Ken , Kaufman Claire , Weintraub Michael , Quencer Keith 
Published: August 2022

AbstractImage-guided drainage catheter placement is a commonly performed procedure. While the complication rate is low, one potential complication is iatrogenic bowel traversal (IBT). Prior literature reported up to a 3.0% incidence of IBT events. This retrospective review examined image-guided percutaneous abscess catheter placements over 82 months to characterize the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of IBT. Of 3,507 catheters placed, there were 13 IBT events, conferring a 0.4% incidence. Rates of IBT were similar whether ultrasound and fluoroscopy or computed tomography was utilized for placement. Of these 13 IBT events, 2 were transgastric, 1 was transcolonic, and 10 were through small bowel. Of these events, one patient died of vasopressor refractory septic shock, four underwent operative repair of the enterotomy, and eight were managed with catheter placement and gradual downsizing. The Society of Interventional Radiology Adverse Event Severity Scale was utilized to further categorize IBT events with observed severity ranging from moderate to life threatening. Although overall incidence has decreased since 35 years ago, IBT events are potentially life-threatening adverse events and further study to identify and minimize risk factors is essential.
Measurements of rolling friction with a stringless pendulum
Authors: Cross Rod 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Experimental results are presented on the coefficient of rolling friction, μ
R, measured for a variety of different balls using a stringless pendulum. A wide range of results was obtained, depending on ball stiffness, surface roughness, ball radius and ball speed. Soft balls dissipate energy as a result of hysteresis losses in the contact region and have relative high values of μ
R. Hard balls rolling on a hard surface dissipate energy by multiple collisions between asperities, with low values of μ
R that increase with rolling speed and surface roughness. The experiment is very easy to set up and would be a useful addition in a student laboratory or as a lecture demonstration.
Extension of the Morris–Shore transformation to arbitrary time-dependent driving fields
Authors: Zlatanov K N , Rangelov A A , Vitanov N V 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The treatment of time-dependent dynamics of quantum systems involving multiple states poses considerable technical challenges. One of the most efficient approaches in treating such systems is the Morris–Shore (MS) transformation which decomposes the multistate dynamics to a set of independent systems of simpler interaction pattern and uncoupled spectator states. The standard MS transformation imposes restrictions on the time dependence of the external fields addressing the states, as it requires that both Rabi frequencies have the same time profile. In this work we treat the case of the time-dependent MS transformation, which opens prospects for a variety of physically interesting processes wherein the fields may have different time dependences. We explore the adiabatic and the double-adiabatic limit, in which we demonstrate population transfer between the MS states that results in population transfer from one set of states onto another. We demonstrate the generation of superposition states between the MS states by the techniques of half adiabatic passage and fractional stimulated Raman adiabatic passage, which translate to superpositions of all the states of the involved levels.
Scrutinizing new physics in semi-leptonic B

c
→ J/ψτν decay
Authors: Tang Ru-Ying , Huang Zhuo-Ran , Lü Cai-Dian , Zhu Ruilin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We perform a global analysis of the b → cτν data using the recent lattice results on the B

c
→ J/ψ vector and axial-vector form factors. To explore the effects from the tensor operator of new physics beyond the Standard Model, we determine the tensor form factors by using the non-relativistic QCD (NRQCD) relations between tensor and (axial-)vector form factors. Based on the lattice + NRQCD form factors, we fit the Wilson coefficients and the new physics couplings in R
2, S
1 and U
1 leptoquark models by including the recently measured R(Λ
c
) and imposing the relaxed constraint

B

(

B

c

→
J
/
ψ

)

<
30
%

in light of the recent studies on LEP1 data and B

c
lifetime. We give predictions for the experimental observables including R(J/ψ), P

τ
(J/ψ), F

L
(J/ψ) and

A

FB

(

J
/
ψ

)

as well as their q
2 distribution in new physics scenarios/models. Our results suggest that the longitudinal τ polarization fraction P

τ
(J/ψ) and the forward–backward asymmetry

A

FB

(

J
/
ψ

)

are useful for testing the R
2 leptoquark model.
Influence of structural parameters on the static performance of self-inductive radial displacement sensor
Authors: Li Hongwei , Ren Zongqiang , Chen Rui , Yu Wentao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The self-inductive displacement sensor has been widely used in active magnetic bearing systems for its excellent performance. However, there is a lack of studies on this sensor’s output characteristics according to the voltages directly from the coils, not from the processing circuit. Therefore, it needs to be further studied to improve the sensor theory and provide technical guidance for the sensor design. This paper analyzed the sensor’s working principle and designed some radial sensors with different nominal air gaps and coil turns. Then the effects of the nominal air gap and coil turns on the sensor coil’s output voltage and sensitivity were studied through the finite element simulation and experiments. According to the results, the number of coil turns could hardly affect the sensor’s static output voltage and sensitivity. The sensor sensitivity in the linear measurement range is proportional to the reciprocal of the nominal air gap length, but it is much less than the theoretical value. The results of this paper provide a valuable reference for the theoretical analysis and structural design of the self-inductive displacement sensor.
Variance correction principal component analysis—gross error detection with serially correlated data
Authors: Jeyanthi R , Devanathan Sriram 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Process industries have complex measurement systems set up to measure process variables for control, dynamic optimization, online diagnostics, and real-time monitoring. Errors in measured process data are typically classified as random or fixed (gross) errors. Data reconciliation (DR) addresses random errors, whereas gross error detection and reconstruction (GEDR) addresses gross errors. In most GEDR techniques, data collected from sources are considered independently and identically distributed (i.i.d.). Most GEDR approaches consider data acquired from sources to be dispersed independently and identically (i.i.d.). Data acquired from multiple sources do not have to be independent in industrial manufacturing practice. They may have serial correlation due to control loops, process dynamics, feedback networks, etc. This paper proposes a new technique, variance correction (VC) principal component analysis (VCPCA) based measurement test, to identify gross errors in serially correlated data. The proposed technique uses a VC approach to estimate the variance of serially correlated data and a PCA-based estimator to calculate the residuals. The advantages of the proposed technique are assessed by comparing its performance with other existing methods like VC and pre-whitening approaches. The results demonstrated the superior performance of VCPCA and produced 99% success in all simulation trials in identifying gross errors and only 1% false identification.
Surface-potential-modulated piezoresistive effect of core–shell 3C-SiC nanowires
Authors: Uesugi Akio , Nakata Shinya , Inoyama Kodai , Sugano Koji , Isono Yoshitada 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The effect of surface potential on the carrier mobility and piezoresistance of core–shell silicon carbide nanowires (SiC NWs) was investigated to realize small and sensitive SiC-microelectromechanical systems sensors. The p-type cubic crystalline SiC (3C-SiC) NWs were synthesized via the vapor–liquid–solid method and coated with silicon dioxide (SiO2) or aluminum oxide (Al2O3) dielectric shells to form core–shell structured NWs with different surface potentials. Four-point bending devices (FBDs) with a field-effect transistor (FET) configuration integrating a single core–shell 3C-SiC NW as the FET channel were fabricated to apply an additional electric field and strain to the core–shell 3C-SiC NWs. The fixed oxide charge densities of the SiO2 and Al2O3 shells showed positive and negative values, respectively, which were equivalent to electric fields of the order of several hundred thousand volt per centimeter in absolute values. In the core–shell 3C-SiC NWs with originally low impurity concentrations, the electric field induced by the fixed oxide charge of the shells can determine not only the electrical conduction but also the charge carriers in the NWs. Bending tests using the FBDs showed that the piezoresistive effect of the SiO2-coated NW was almost the same as that of the as-grown 3C-SiC NW reported previously, regardless of the gate voltage, whereas that of the Al2O3-coated NW was considerably enhanced at negative gate voltages. The enhancement of the piezoresistive effect was attributed to the piezo-pinch effect, which was more pronounced in the NW, where the carrier density at the core–shell interface is enhanced by the electric field of the dielectric.
The dynamic axial compression of FRC with high-speed translated θ-pinch plasma
Authors: Liao Hui , Li Yilin , Hu Chaoqi , Sun Xuan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A novel field reversed configuration (FRC) axial compression experiment with high-speed translated θ-pinch plasma was conducted in the Keda Mirror with AXisymmetry device. The translated north FRC was decelerated and compressed by an oncoming θ-pinch plasma stream, and the dynamic process was revealed by a 2D magnetic probe array. The FRC separatrix length is compressed to one-third of the initial value while the radius expands by ∼57%, resulting in the ∼16% increase in the electron temperature and ∼26% in the density, which matches the calculation from an adiabatic compression model. The good agreement is explained by the fast compression and particle supplementation owing to the compression with plasma. The results reported in this work may contribute to the understanding of electron heating in collision-merged FRC and provide a new compression method for the magneto-inertial fusion concept.
Extreme UV spectroscopy measurements and analysis for tungsten density studies in the WEST tokamak
Authors: Guirlet R , Desgranges C , Schwob J L , Mandelbaum P , Boumendjel M Y 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The VUV emission of tungsten in WEST is measured by an absolutely calibrated grazing incidence spectrometer of the Schwob–Fraenkel type, which can scan the lower half of the plasma. We have analysed the detected spectral lines in the range 120–140 Å and compared their behaviour with calculations and published information. We obtained an unambiguous identification of four intense and well-resolved spectral lines emitted by W42+-W45+ close to the magnetic axis in the analysed experiments. The measured spectral-line brightnesses are used to assess the Tungsten density in the emission region. In the case of a scanning line of sight, we investigate the possibility to calculate the Tungsten density profile from the angular brightness profiles. In a case of a fixed line of sight, we deduce from the measurements the core Tungsten density profile evolution during a radiative collapse.