bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intra-individual comparison of lumbar spine CT, abdomen-pelvis contrast enhanced CT, and low-dose chest CT for bone density measurement
Authors: Park Jina , Kim Bo Ram , Lee Eugene , Lee Joon Woo 
Published: September 2022

Background Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the reference standard for the measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) and subsequent diagnosis of osteoporosis. Since various computed tomography (CT) protocols are scanned for various indications, we can incidentally measure BMD using CT. Previous studies have revealed a correlation between BMD and Hounsfield unit (HU) values obtained with different CT protocols. Purpose To compare the diagnostic value of CT protocols (lumbar spine CT [LSCT], abdomen-pelvis contrast-enhanced CT [APCT], and low-dose chest CT [LDCT]) for osteoporosis. Material and Methods We retrospectively included 17 patients (6 men, 11 women; mean age=68 years) who had undergone all four imaging studies within six months, during 2011–2021. HU values were manually measured at the center of the L1 vertebra by a radiology resident. Pearson correlation test was performed between HU values and BMD of L1 vertebra. The diagnostic performance of each CT protocol was assessed with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Intra-individual concordance of the four tests to diagnose osteoporosis was analyzed by tabulating. Results The mean HU values were 104.4 ± 47.2 HU with LSCT, 149.0 ± 56.9 HU with APCT, and 114.3 ± 60.0 HU with LDCT. HU values from each protocol were positively correlated (r = 0.676-0.735; P < 0.005) with BMD. LDCT had the highest diagnostic performance (area under the ROC curve [AUC] = 0.701) and APCT the lowest (AUC = 0.569). APCT was discordant with the other protocols for diagnosing osteoporosis. Conclusion LDCT had the highest diagnostic performance for osteoporosis with predetermined cutoff value. APCT requires the increase of cutoff value for osteoporosis diagnosis.
CT-based radiomics signature to predict CD8+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Chen Yaxi , Xu Ting , Jiang Changsi , You Shuyuan , Cheng Zhiqiang , Gong Jingshan 
Published: September 2022

Background An abundance of CD8+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in the center of solid tumors is a reliable predictive biomarker for patients eligible for immunotherapy. Purpose To develop a computed tomography (CT)-based radiomics signature for a preoperative prediction of an abundance of CD8+ TILs in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Material and Methods In this retrospective study, 117 consecutive patients with pathologically confirmed NSCLC were included and randomly divided into training (n = 77) and test sets (n = 40). A total of 107 radiomics features were extracted from the three-dimensional volumes of interest of each patient. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used to select the strongest features for abundance of CD8+ TILs in NSCLC, and the radiomics score was constructed through a linear combination of these selected features. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the predictive performance of the radiomics score. Results The radiomics score was associated with an abundance of CD8+ TILs in NSCLC, which achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.83 (95% CI=0.73–0.92) and 0.68 (95% CI=0.54–0.87) in the training and test sets, respectively. The difference was not statistically significant ( P = 0.20). The tumors with high CD8+ TILs tended to have heterogeneous dependences (high value of Dependence Non-Uniformity Normalized) and complicated texture (high value of Informational Measure of Correlation 1). Conclusion CT-based radiomics features have the ability to predict CD8+ TILs expression levels of an abundance of CD8+ TILs in NSCLC, which was shown to be a potential imaging biomarker for stratifying patients who may benefit from immunotherapy.
How to Fashion the Bone Block for Reconstruction of the Glenoid in Anterior and Posterior Instability
Authors: Ernat Justin J. , Jildeh Toufic R. , Peebles Annalise M. , Hanson Jared A. , Mologne Mitchell S. , Golijanin Petar , Provencher Matthew T. 
Published: September 2022

Background: Glenoid restoration techniques to address glenohumeral instability–induced anterior and posterior glenoid bone loss (AGBL and PGBL) often require reconstruction, but best-fit bone block (BFBB) modeling has not been developed. Purpose: To provide glenoid bony reconstruction models for anterior and posterior instability of the shoulder using a bone loss instability cohort with high-fidelity 3-dimensional (3D) imaging. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: We reviewed consecutive patients indicated for operative stabilization who had posterior glenohumeral instability and suspected GBL who underwent 2-dimensional (2D) computed tomography (CT). Patients were matched by sex, laterality, and age to patients who underwent operative stabilization of anterior glenohumeral instability. Mimics software was used to convert all 2D CT scans into 3D models of the scapula. A BFBB model was designed to digitally reconstruct GBL and was used to predict the amount, anatomic configuration, and fixation configuration of bony reconstruction required in AGBL and PGBL. Results: The study included 30 patients with posterior instability and 30 patients with anterior instability; the participants’ mean ± SD age was 28.8 ± 8.15 years (range, 16.0-51.0 years). Mean surface area of AGBL was 24.9% ± 7.7% (range, 14.7%-39.1%). Mean BFBB dimensions to reconstruct the anterior glenoid were determined to be a superior-inferior length of 23.9 ± 4.2 mm, anterior-posterior width of 6.4 ± 2.4 mm, and height of 1 cm. Mean angle of AGBL bone block interface relative to glenoid to reconstruct the native concavity was 79.4°± 5.9°. For PGBL, the mean surface area was 9.2% ± 5.6% (range, 3.0%-26.3%). Mean BFBB dimensions to reconstruct the posterior glenoid were a superior-inferior length of 21.9 ± 3.4 mm, width of 4.5 ± 2.3 mm, and height of 1 cm. The mean angle of PGBL bone block interface relative to the glenoid to reconstruct the native concavity was 38.6°± 14.3°. Orientation relative to the vertical glenoid axis was 77.2°± 13.8° in anterior reconstructions versus 105.9°± 10.9° in posterior reconstructions. Conclusion: Patients with anterior instability required a more rectangular BFBB with a bone block–glenoid interface angle of 79°, whereas patients with posterior instability required a more trapezoidal, obtusely oriented BFBB with a bone block–glenoid interface angle of 39°. BFBBs for either AGBL or PGBL can be effectively designed, and their size and/or shape can be predicted based on approximate percentage of GBL.
Surgical outcomes of supine PCNL in spinal deformity patients: A tertiary care hospital experience
Authors: Choudhury Sunirmal , Kasim Atar , Pal Dilip Kumar 
Published: September 2022

Aims and objective: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is treatment of choice now a days in patients with spinal deformity with large kidney stones. Objectives of our present study to compare in which position it is better to perform and costs minimum complications after surgery. Methods: A total of 14 patients with spinal deformity having nephrolithiasis were selected randomly. No preferences for age, gender, size, location, and laterality of stone or BMI. All the patients were fit according to AUA guideline criteria for management by PCNL. Preoperative and postoperative data were collected in all operated patients. Descriptive statistics were performed as means, standard deviations, and ranges using Microsoft excel. For categorical variables percentage were used. Results: A total of 14 patients with spinal deformity having nephrolithiasis underwent PCNL. Seven patients operated in prone position and seven patients operated in modified supine position within approximately 2 years. As compared to prone position in supine position there were reduced operative time, little or no change in Hb concentration, shorter hospital stay, little intraoperative blood loss, and higher significant stone free rate were detected. Conclusions: Supine PCNL in spinal deformity patients with nephrolithiasis is an alternative to the standard prone PCNL. It provides an additional benefit of large operative field performing the procedure in a single position, reduces total operating time, less anesthesia related complications, less neuromusculoskeletal injury, and reduce physical strain on operating surgeon.
Wellness Program Participation and its Association With Reduction in Health Risks and Health Care Costs: One University’s Story
Authors: Jenkins Kristi Rahrig , Bales Susan L. 
Published: September 2022

Purpose Evaluate if there is a(n): 1) reduction in health risk behaviors and 2) association between health and wellness initiative participation and claims costs decreases overtime. Design Health risk behavior change consisted of the analysis of pre (2009) – post (2019) measures of health questionnaire participants. The medical and pharmaceutical claims costs evaluation consisted of a time-series (2016-2019) design with a comparison group. Setting A large mid-western university with a health system. Sample The health risk behavior sample ranged from 5215-5399, depending on the variable of interest. The medical and pharmaceutical costs sample used a cohort of participants (participating all 4 years, n=11114) and non-participants (not participating all 4 years, n=4776). Intervention Comprehensive employee health and well-being initiative. Measures/analysis McNemar’s tests were used to identify bivariate associations between 2009 and 2019 health risks. The claims cost analysis used propensity score matching based on select demographics and linear mixed-effects regression modeling. Results Results show statistically significant (P > .001) improvements (ranging from −2.1% to −12.5%) in 7 of 8 health risk behaviors. 2016 and 2019 claims costs have a lower statistically significant (P > .001) percent increase for participants (32.6%) compared to non-participants (47.5%). Conclusion Employers, may consider implementing a comprehensive health and wellness program as part of their strategy to assist in health behavior risk reduction and health care cost containment.
Effect of high-speed trains passing each other on wheel wear under different track excitations
Authors: Ma Chaochao , Zhu Aihua , Zhang Fan , Yang Jianwei , Sun Peiwen 
Published: September 2022

Considering the aerodynamic loads arising during the process of two high-speed trains passing each other (hereinafter referred to as TPEO) as well as different track excitations on different railway lines, this study examined the combined effect of TPEO and different track excitations on wheel wear. A vehicle system dynamics model was built using the actual parameters of a high-speed train. The wheel/rail contact problems were analyzed using a combination of semi-Hertzian contact theory and Kalker’s simplified theory. Elkins wear index was used as a criteria for evaluation of wheel wear. The additional excitation arising from the pressure wave during TPEO at a constant speed of 300 km/h was applied to the model. Then the effect of the aerodynamic excitation due to TPEO on wheel wear under four track excitation conditions was investigated for the whole train, different cars, and different axles. The results show that under different track excitations, the train’s wheel wear increased in the case where one TPEO event occurred compared to that in the case of no TPEO event. Under the four track conditions (no track excitation, the track excitations on the Wuhan–Guangzhou high-speed railway, German track excitation spectra, and track excitation on the Beijing–Tianjin intercity railway), the total wheel wear increased by 17.36%, 0.69%, 0.82%, and 1% respectively over the entire trip, and increased by 1600%, 65.77%, 78.62%, and 79.73% at the moment of TPEO. A comparison between different cars shows that under different track excitation conditions, the tail car’s wheel wear was the most affected by TPEO, while the head car’s wheel wear was the least affected. A similar pattern is observed in the variation in transverse displacement of wheels under TPEO between different cars. For each bogie, TPEO under different track excitations had a greater effect on the front-axle wheel wear than on the rear-axle wheel wear.
Experimental analysis of energy conversion and noise suppression mechanism using polyvinylidene difluoride piezoelectric element
Authors: Patil Avadhut Tukaram , Mandale Maruti Bhagwan 
Published: September 2022

Energy conversion and conservation techniques are well known for different natural sources but one of the common sources of energy that stays unutilized in the environment is sound energy. The noise around us is a form of unutilized energy. The acoustic energy can be utilized to produce electrical energy. In this article, the testing of the acoustic energy conversion technique is performed. Here the acoustic low amplitude pressure waves generated by the buzzer ringer have impinged over the surface of PVDF (Polyvinylidene Difluoride) Piezoelectric element which has the capability to vibrate after sound impingement. Here the experimental results are taken in the frequency range of 400 Hz to 1300 Hz, in which the highest response occurred at a frequency of 1000 Hz and 91.9 dB, which is +/−50 mV and the maximum Vrms (Voltage; root mean square) is 35.35 mV by the single piezoelectric unit. The performance of an array of resonating tube chambers as an enclosure to the noise source has been observed to accomplish noise reduction. Then the array pattern arrangement of this entire system has been discussed with the predictions of the output voltage.
Effects of a graphene oxide-alginate sheet scaffold on rotator cuff tendon healing in a rat model
Authors: Yoon Jong Pil , Kim Dong Hyun , Min Seung Gi , Kim Hun‐Min , Choi Jin‐Hyun , Lee Hyun Joo , Park Kyeong Hyeon , Kim Seong Soo , Chung Seok Won , Yoon Sung Hyuk 
Published: September 2022

Background Natural polymer scaffolds used to promote rotator cuff healing have limitations in terms of their mechanical and biochemical properties. This animal study aimed to investigate the effects of combined graphene oxide (GO) and alginate scaffold and the toxicity of GO on rotator cuff healing in a rat model. Methods First, the mechanical properties of a GO/alginate scaffold and a pure alginate scaffold were compared. The in vitro cytotoxicity of and proliferation of human tenocytes with the GO/alginate scaffold were evaluated by CCK-8 assay. For the in vivo experiment, 20 male rats were randomly divided into two groups ( n = 10 each), and supraspinatus repair was performed: group 1 underwent supraspinatus repair alone, and group 2 underwent supraspinatus repair with the GO/alginate scaffold. Biomechanical and histological analyses were performed to evaluate the quality of tendon-to-bone healing 8 weeks after rotator cuff repair. Results The GO/alginate scaffold exhibited an increased maximum load ( p = .001) and tensile strength ( p = .001). In the cytotoxicity test, the cell survival rate with the GO/alginate scaffold was 102.08%. The proliferation rate of human tenocytes was no significant difference between the GO/alginate and alginate groups for 1, 3, 5, and 7 days. Biomechanically, group 2 exhibited a significantly greater ultimate failure load ( p < .001), ultimate stress ( p < .001), and stiffness ( p < .001) than group 1. The histological analysis revealed that the tendon-to-bone interface in group 2 showed more collagen fibers bridging, tendon-to-bone integration, longitudinally oriented collagen fibers, and fibrocartilage formation than in group 1. Conclusion A small amount of GO added to alginate improved the mechanical properties of the scaffold without evidence of cytotoxicity. At 8 weeks after rotator cuff repair, the GO/alginate scaffold improved tendon-to-bone healing without causing any signs of toxicity in a rat model.
Correlation of Dental Anomalies with Cleft Type and Gender in Non-Syndromic Oral Cleft Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Papaefthymiou, DDS Petros , Agrafioti, DDS Margarita , Yilmaz, DDS, PhD Hanife Nuray 
Published: September 2022

To investigate the distribution of dental anomalies between non-syndromic orofacial cleft patients and their association with the cleft type and gender. Retrospective cross-sectional study involving examination of intraoral dental records and radiographs. 300 non-syndromic orofacial cleft patients included (161 males and 139 females, mean age: 10.23 ± 2.3 years). Variables analyzed: tooth agenesis, microdontia, and supernumerary teeth. Data analysis: Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests to investigate the correlation between dental anomalies, cleft type, and gender. Agenesis occurred in 66% of the subjects, supernumerary teeth in 19.6%, and microdontia in 18.3%. In females with unilateral left cleft lip and palate (CLP), agenesis was significantly higher compared to males. Both genders presented significant agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors and right central incisor. Significant agenesis of central incisor, canine and second premolar on the upper left side and lower second premolars were observed only in males, with significant microdontia for maxillary lateral incisors and left central incisor. Significant agenesis of maxillary first premolars was seen only in females. Agenesis in maxillary quadrants was significant for patients with unilateral right and left CLP, and bilateral CLP. In mandibular quadrants, agenesis was substantially higher for patients with isolated CP. Results suggest that tooth agenesis and microdontia might not be directly associated with the cleft area's anatomical irregularity but are affected by gender and other genetic factors that regulate the development of the anomaly and the orofacial clefting mutually.
Etiological Pathways to the Emergence of Preteen Problematic Sexual Behavior: An Exploratory Mediational Model
Authors: Allen Brian 
Published: September 2022

Studies examining the etiology of problematic sexual behavior (PSB) among pre-teen children often rely on identifying correlational relationships without examining potential causal mechanisms. This study describes an exploratory analysis of a potential mediational model where child sexual abuse (CSA) and child physical abuse (CPA) predict the onset of PSB through their impact on the emergence of posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms and self-dysregulation. The caregivers of 189 children between the ages of 3 and 11 years presenting for mental health treatment in the United States completed a battery of measures designed to assess each of the variables in the model. Cross-sectional, regression-based mediational analyses showed that the overall model performed adequately ( R = 0.33, R 2 = 0.11, F = 3.07, p = .004). CSA exerted a direct effect on PSB that was not mediated through either PTS or self-dysregulation. However, no direct effect for CPA was found. Rather, CPA exerted a significant effect on the display of self-dysregulation, which in turn was associated with PSB. These results are discussed in light of clinical implications and directions for further research.
Systematic review of the guidelines for retinopathy of prematurity
Authors: Kościółek Michał , Kisielewska Weronika , Ćwiklik-Wierzbowska Marlena , Wierzbowski Piotr , Gilbert Clare 
Published: September 2022

As the characteristics of preterm infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) vary, depending on the quality of neonatal care they received, universal screening criteria for ROP are not possible. The purpose of this study was to compare ROP guidelines for those planning to develop guidelines, particularly in resource-poor settings. A systematic review was undertaken of PubMed, Embase and guidelines registers to identify national or international policy statements or guidelines in English, issued or operational in 2010–2021. Bibliographies of two publications were also reviewed. The searches identified 633, 1081 and 317 records, respectively, and 157 records were retrieved from other sources. 23 publications were included in the analysis. Most included documents defined cut-offs for screening as <32 weeks gestational age (GA) or ≤1500g birth weight (BW). The highest values were in the Philippines (<35 weeks GA; <2000g) and India (≤34 weeks GA; <2000g). The lowest were in high-income countries, i.e. the United States of America (≤32 weeks for GA) and New Zealand (<1250g for BW). Most guidelines included additional risk factors to consider. The most frequent indication for when screening should start was a combination of GA and chronological age. All but one document defined when screening could stop. There was general consensus on the indications, timing and methods of treatment. Indications for anti-VEGF therapy varied between countries. Guidelines were identified for a limited number of countries with none from low-income settings. Variation in the indications for screening reflects the varying exposure to risk factors in different settings.
Thoracic endovascular repair for blunt traumatic thoracic aortic injury: Long-term results
Authors: Minici Roberto , Serra Raffaele , Ierardi Anna Maria , Petullà Maria , Bracale Umberto M , Carrafiello Gianpaolo , Laganà Domenico 
Published: September 2022

Objective This study aims to evaluate the endoprosthesis complications in patients undergoing TEVAR for blunt traumatic thoracic aortic injury, through long-term clinical and diagnostic follow-up. Methods During the study interval (November 2000–October 2020), a total of 38 patients (63% male; average age 37.5 years) with thoracic aortic injury underwent thoracic endovascular aortic repair. Patients underwent routine follow-up with clinical examination and radiological evaluation (CT-angiography or MRI-angiography plus chest radiograph), scheduled at 1 month, at 6 months (only in the cases of thoracic aortic dissection), at 1 year after the procedure and every 1 year thereafter. Results Technical success was achieved in 38 procedures (100%). The TEVAR-related mortality rate was 0%. No immediate major complications related to the endovascular procedure were observed. The median duration of diagnostic follow-up was 80 months. A total of four procedure-related complications (10.5%) were identified at the follow-up. Three (7.9%) distal infoldings and collapses of the thoracic endoprosthesis and one (2.6%) type Ia endoleak were observed. No thrombosis of the prosthesis, nor signs of aortic pseudocoarctation were identified. No further complications related to endograft (endoleaks, infections, rupture, partial or complete thrombosis) occurred. No changes in the native aorta, stenosis, or increases in the endograft’s diameters were observed. A total of 20 patients (52.6%) underwent MRI-angiography examinations, while a total of 34 patients (89.5%) underwent chest radiographs at the follow-up. In all cases, CT-angiography examinations were performed at the follow-up. Conclusions Procedure-related complications were observed within one year of TEVAR, limiting concerns related to the durability of the prosthesis. No morphological changes in the aorta were observed despite long-term follow-up. The consequences of lifelong surveillance in terms of radiation exposure deserve special consideration, especially in younger patients treated for TAI.