bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cellular distribution of C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 like immunoreactivities in frontal cortex and corpus callosum of normal and lipopolysaccharide treated animal
Authors: Shi Xue , Gong Xinrui , Xiong Huangui , Zhang Jingdong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundC-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) is reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of various neurological and/or psychiatric diseases. Tissue or cellular expression of CCL2, in normal or pathological condition, may play an essential role in recruiting monocytes or macrophages into targeted organs, and be involved in a certain pathogenic mechanism. However, few studies focused on tissue and cellular distribution of the CCL2 peptide in brain grey and white matters (GM, WM), and the changes of the GM and WM cellular CCL2 level in septic or endotoxic encephalopathy was not explored. Hence, the CCL2 cellular distribution in the front brain cortex and the corpus callosum (CC) was investigated in the present work by using immunofluorescent staining.Results(1) CCL2 like immunoreactivity (CCL2-ir) in the CC is evidently higher than the cortex. When the measurement includes ependymal layer attached to the CC, CCL2-ir intensity is significantly higher than cortex. (2) Structures in perivascular areas, most of them are GFAP positive, contribute major CCL2-ir positive profiles in both GM and WM, but apparently more in the CC, where they are bilaterally distributed in the lateral CC between the cingulate cortex and ventricles. (3) The neuron-like CCL2-ir positive cells in cortex are significantly more than in the CC, and that number is significantly increased in the cortex following systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS), but not in the CC. (4) In addition to CCL2-ir positive perivascular rings, more CCL2-ir filled cashew shape elements are observed, probably inside of microvasculature, especially in the CC following systemic LPS. (5) Few macrophage/microglia marker-Iba-1 and CCL2-ir co-labeled structures especially the soma is found in normal cortex and CC; the co-localizations are significantly augmented following systemic LPS, and co-labeled amoeba like somata are presented. (6) CCL2-ir and astrocyte marker GFAP or Iba-1 double labeled structures are also observed within the ependymal layer. No accumulation of neutrophils was detected.ConclusionThere exist differences in the cellular distribution of the CCL2 peptide in frontal cortex GM and subcortical WM–CC, in both the physiological condition and experimental endotoxemia. Which might cause different pathological change in the GM and WM.
Responding to vulnerable patients with multimorbidity: an interprofessional team approach
Authors: Brown Judith B. , Reichert Sonja M. , Boeckxstaens Pauline , Stewart Moira , Fortin Martin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
People with multimorbidity, who may be more vulnerable to certain social determinants of health, often require care by an interprofessional primary healthcare (PHC) team that can tailor their approach to address the multiple and complex needs of this population. This paper describes how the needs of vulnerable patients experiencing multimorbidity are identified and provided care by innovative interprofessional PHC teams during an innovative one-hour consultation, outside of usual care.

Methods
This was a descriptive qualitative study. Forty-eight interviews were conducted with 20 allied healthcare professionals: (e.g., social work, pharmacy); 19 physicians (e.g., psychiatry, internal medicine, family medicine); and 9 decision makers. The thematic analysis was iterative using an individual and team approach to identify the main themes and exemplar quotations for illustration.

Results
Participants described patients with multimorbidity who were vulnerable as those experiencing major challenges accessing and navigating the healthcare system. Mental health issues were a major contributor to being vulnerable and often linked to common social determinants of health. Cultural factors were identified as potentially causing patients to be vulnerable. Participants articulated how the collaborative nature of the team generated new ideas and facilitated creative recommendations designed to meet the specific needs of each patient.

Conclusions
This one-time consultation went beyond the assessment of a patient’s multimorbidity by including a psycho-social-contextual understanding of vulnerability within the healthcare system. Findings may have important clinical and policy implications in the adoption and implementation of this approach and further assist vulnerable patients with multimorbidity in having their complex needs addressed.
Circulating Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin type 9 level independently predicts incident cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in hemodialysis black Africans patients
Authors: Kajingulu François-Pantaléon Musungayi , Lepira François Bompeka , Nkodila Aliocha Natuhoyila , Makulo Jean-Robert Rissassy , Mokoli Vieux Momeme , Ekulu Pepe Mfutu , Bukabau Justine Busanga , Nlandu Yannick Mayamba , Longo Augustin Luzayadio , Nseka Nazaire Mangani , Labriola Laura , Sumaili Ernest Kiswaya 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Cardiovascular (CV) disease is the leading cause of mortality in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). The aim of the present study was to determine whether Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin type 9 (PCSK9) could be an independent predictor of CV events and all-cause mortality in black African haemodialysis patients.

Methods
We carried out a prospective cohort study of all consecutive hemodialysis (HD) patients between August 2016 and July 2020, admitted in six hemodialysis centers of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. Independent determinants of plasma PCSK-9 measured by ELISA were sought using multiple linear regression analysis. Kaplan-Meier’s method described the incidence of CV events while competitive and proportional risk models looked for independent risk factors for death at the .05 significance level.

Results
Out of 207 HD patients, 91 (43.9%) died; 116 (56.1%) have survived. PCSK9 level was significantly higher in deceased patients compared to survivors: 28.0 (24.0–31.0) ng/l vs 9.6 (8.6–11.6) ng/ml (p <  0.001). Patients with plasma PCSK9 levels in tertile 3 had a higher incidence of CV events and mortality compared to patients with plasma PCSK9 levels in tertile 2 or tertile 1 (p <  0.001). Tertile 3 negatively influence survival rates (26.6%) compared to tertile 2 (54.7%) and tertile 1 (85.3%). Patients in tertile 3 and tertile 2 had a 4-fold higher risk of death than patients in tertile 1. After adjustment for all parameters, competitive risk analysis showed that mortality was 2 times higher in patients with stroke. Similarly, serum albumin < 3.5 g/dL or PCSK9 in tertile 3 were respectively associated with 2 or 6 times higher rates of deaths.

Conclusion
Elevated plasma PCSK9 level is an independent major predictor of incident CV events and all-cause mortality in black African HD patients.
Office workers' perspectives on physical activity and sedentary behaviour: a qualitative study
Authors: Landais Lorraine L. , Jelsma Judith G. M. , Dotinga Idske R. , Timmermans Danielle R. M. , Verhagen Evert A. L. M. , Damman Olga C. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Office workers spend a significant part of their workday sitting. Interventions that aim to reduce sedentary behaviour and increase physical activity might be more effective if greater attention is paid to individual perspectives that influence behavioural choices, including beliefs and values. This study aimed to gain insight into office workers' perspectives on physical activity and sedentary behaviour.

Methods
Sixteen Dutch office workers (50% female) from different professions participated in semi-structured face-to-face interviews in March 2019. To facilitate the interviews, participants received a sensitizing booklet one week before the interview. The booklet aimed to trigger them to reflect on their physical activity and sedentary behaviour and on their values in life. All interviews were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim and coded following codebook thematic analysis.

Results
Six themes were identified: 1) beliefs about health effects are specific regarding physical activity, but superficial regarding sedentary behaviour; 2) in addition to ‘health’ as a value, other values are also given priority; 3) motivations to engage in physical activity mainly stem from prioritizing the value ‘health’, reflected by a desire to both achieve positive short/mid-term outcomes and to prevent long-term negative outcomes; 4) attitudes towards physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour are diverse and depend on individual values and previous experiences; 5) perceived barriers depend on internal and external factors; 6) supporting factors are related to support and information in the social and physical environment.

Conclusions
The great value that office workers attach to health is reflected in their motivations and attitudes regarding physical activity. Increasing office workers' knowledge of the health risks of prolonged sitting may therefore increase their motivation to sit less. Although ‘health’ is considered important, other values, including social and work-related values, are sometimes prioritized. We conclude that interventions that aim to reduce sedentary behaviour and increase physical activity among office workers could be improved by informing about health effects of sedentary behaviour and short/mid-term benefits of physical activity, including mental health benefits. Moreover, interventions could frame physical activity as congruent with values and support value-congruent choices. Finally, the work environment could support physical activity and interruption of sedentary behaviour.
Swab test in biological fluids as predictor of COVID-19 transmission risk during surgery: a prospective cross-sectional study from an Italian COVID center
Authors: Fabbri N. , Pesce A. , Ussia A. , D’Urbano F. , Pizzicotti S. , Greco S. , Feo C. V. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The contamination of body fluids by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 during surgery is current matter of debate in the scientific literature concerning CoronaVIrus Disease 2019. Surgical guidelines were published during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic and recommended to avoid laparoscopic surgery as much as possible, in fear that the chimney effect of high flow intraperitoneal gas escape during, and after, the procedure would increase the risk of viral transmission.

Aim
The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 transmission during surgery by searching for viral RNA in serial samplings of biological liquids.

Methods
This is a single center prospective cross-sectional study. We used a real-time reverse transcriptase (RT) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test to perform swab tests for the qualitative detection of nucleic acid from SARS-CoV-2 in abdominal fluids, during emergency surgery and on the first post-operative day. In the case of thoracic surgery, we performed a swab test of pleural fluids during chest drainage placement as well as on the first post-operative day.

Results
A total of 20 samples were obtained: 5 from pleural fluids, 13 from peritoneal fluids and two from biliary fluid. All 20 swabs performed from biological fluids resulted negative for SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection.

Conclusion
To date, there is no scientific evidence of possible contagion by laparoscopic aerosolization of SARS-CoV-2, neither is certain whether the virus is effectively present in biological fluids.
Psychosis beas a rare side effect of sildenafil: a case report
Authors: Shalbafan Mohammadreza , Orooji Maryam , Kamalzadeh Leila 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Sildenafil citrate is a commonly used medication for the management of erectile dysfunction. Previous studies have described some neuropsychiatric side effects of this medication. So far, however, there has been little discussion about sildenafil-induced psychosis.

Case presentation
We here present the case of a 32-year-old Iranian male, without a known psychiatric history, who developed psychotic symptoms following initiation of sildenafil. We also postulate a mechanism by which this may occur.

Conclusions
This report highlights the importance of watchful observation for the occurrence of this rare but serious side effect. Further studies are needed to clarify the precise mechanism that causes sildenafil-induced psychosis.
Geotemporospatial and causal inferential epidemiological overview and survey of USA cannabis, cannabidiol and cannabinoid genotoxicity expressed in cancer incidence 2003–2017: part 3 – spatiotemporal, multivariable and causal inferential pathfinding and exploratory analyses of prostate and ovarian cancers
Authors: Reece Albert Stuart , Hulse Gary Kenneth 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe epidemiology of cannabinoid-related cancerogenesis has not been studied with cutting edge epidemiological techniques. Building on earlier bivariate papers in this series we aimed to conduct pathfinding studies to address this gap in two tumours of the reproductive tract, prostate and ovarian cancer.MethodsAge-standardized cancer incidence data for 28 tumour types (including “All (non-skin) Cancer”) was sourced from Centres for Disease Control and National Cancer Institute using SEER*Stat software across US states 2001–2017. Drug exposure was sourced from the nationally representative household survey National Survey of Drug Use and Health conducted annually by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration 2003–2017 with response rate 74.1%. Federal seizure data provided cannabinoid concentration data. US Census Bureau provided income and ethnicity data. Inverse probability weighted mixed effects, robust and panel regression together with geospatiotemporal regression analyses were conducted in R. E-Values were also calculated.Results19,877 age-standardized cancer rates were returned. Based on these rates and state populations this equated to 51,623,922 cancer cases over an aggregated population 2003–2017 of 124,896,418,350. Inverse probability weighted regressions for prostate and ovarian cancers confirmed causal associations robust to adjustment. Cannabidiol alone was significantly associated with prostate cancer (β-estimate = 1.61, (95%C.I. 0.99, 2.23),P = 3.75 × 10− 7). In a fully adjusted geospatiotemporal model at one spatial and two temporal years lags cannabidiol was significantly independently associated with prostate cancer (β-estimate = 2.08, (1.19, 2.98),P = 5.20 × 10− 6). Cannabidiol alone was positively associated with ovarian cancer incidence in a geospatiotemporal model (β-estimate = 0.36, (0.30, 0.42),P <  2.20 × 10− 16). The cigarette: THC: cannabidiol interaction was significant in a fully adjusted geospatiotemporal model at six years of temporal lag (β-estimate = 1.93, (1.07, 2.78),P = 9.96 × 10− 6). Minimal modelled polynomial E-Values for prostate and ovarian cancer ranged up to 5.59 × 1059and 1.92 × 10125. Geotemporospatial modelling of these tumours showed that the cannabidiol-carcinogenesis relationship was supra-linear and highly sigmoidal (P = 1.25 × 10− 45and 12.82 × 10− 52for linear v. polynomial models).ConclusionCannabinoids including THC and cannabidiol are therefore important community carcinogens additive to the effects of tobacco and greatly exceeding those of alcohol. Reproductive tract carcinogenesis necessarily implies genotoxicity and epigenotoxicity of the germ line with transgenerational potential. Pseudoexponential and causal dose-response power functions are demonstrated.
Mono- and dioleyl p-coumarate phenolipids and their antioxidant activity in a muscle food model system
Authors: Wang Jiankang , Hu Xiaojia , Huang Yan , Zou Ye , Han Linxiao , Wang Daoying , Shahidi Fereidoon 
Published: March 2022

AbstractResponse surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the degree of esterification of p-coumaric acid to triolein via lipase-catalyzed acidolysis, and enzyme load, reaction time and mole ratio of substrates were selected as variables in the experimental design. The results showed that the model employed was highly sufficient for determining the effectiveness and interaction of three selected variables, enzyme load, reaction time and the mole ratio of substrates, on the dependent variable, the degree of esterification. Although the optimization point was not found in the selected range of the three variables, the steepest ascent analysis suggested that an increase of these three variables might lead to a stationary point. However, based on the limitations on increasing the range of tested variables, including possible oxidation of synthesized lipids and increased cost, the degree of esterification so yielded in the designed central composite design should be the one closest to the possible ideal optimized degree. The p-coumarates so produced exhibited varying antioxidant performance in the tested muscle food model, which could be explained by their different lipophilicity. Moreover, the potential health benefits of synthesized phenolic lipids have been discussed.
Graphical Abstract
Clinical Impact of Pathologic Residual Tumor in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer Patients Managed by Chemoradiotherapy Followed by Radical Surgery: A Large, Multicenter, Retrospective Study
Authors: Federico Alex , Anchora Luigi Pedone , Gallotta Valerio , Fanfani Francesco , Cosentino Francesco , Turco Luigi Carlo , Bizzarri Nicolo’ , Legge Francesco , Teodorico Elena , Macchia Gabriella , Valentini Vincenzo , Scambia Giovanni , Ferrandina Gabriella 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Exclusive chemoradiation (E-CT/RT) represents the standard of treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC). Chemoradiation (CT/RT) followed by radical surgery (RS) may play a role for patients with a suboptimal response to CT/RT or in low-income countries with limited access to radiotherapy. Histologic assessment of residual tumor after CT/RT and RS allows accurate definition of prognostic categories.

Methods
Data on patients with FIGO stages 1B2 to 4A cervical cancer managed by CT/RT and RS from June 1996 to March 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Pathologic response on the cervix was defined as complete (pCR), microscopic (persistent tumor foci ≤ 3 mm) (pmicroR), or macroscopic (persistent tumor foci > 3 mm) (pmacroR). Lymph node (LN) residual tumor was classified as absent or present.

Results
The 701 patients in this study underwent CT/RT and RS. Of the 701 patients, 293 (41.8%) had pCR, 188 (26.8%) had pmicroR, and 220 (31.4%) had pMacroR. Residual tumor was found in the pelvic lymph nodes of 66 (9.4%) patients and the aortic lymph nodes of 29 (4.1%) patients. The 5-year DFS and OS were respectively 86.6% and 92.5% in the pCR cases, 80.3% and 89.1% in the pmicroR cases, and 56.2% and 68.8% in the pmacroR cases. Among the patients with lymph node residual tumor, the 5-year DFS and OS were respectively 16.7% and 40% in the pCR cases, 35.4% and 53.3% in the pmicroR cases, and 31.7% and 31.1% in the pmacroR cases. Cervical residual tumor,, positive pelvic LNs, and positive aortic LNs were associated with worse DFS and OS in both the uni- and multivariate analyses.

Conclusions
Persistence of pathologic residual tumor on the cervix and LNs after CT/RT are reliable predictors of survival for LACC patients undergoing CT/RT and adjuvant surgery.
Mapping accessibility to oral health care in coastal India – A geospatial approach using a geographic information system (GIS)
Authors: Pramod Nayak Prajna , Mitra Soham , Pai Jagadeesha B. , Vasthare Prabhakar Ramprasad , Kshetrimayum Nandita 
Published: March 2022

Background: It is imperative to have a thorough assessment of the existing distribution of oral healthcare facilities and understand potential accessibility when planning for expansion of oral health services. In the present study, an attempt to measure geographic accessibility to oral healthcare, by locating the availability of dental practitioners in the coastal districts of Karnataka state, India using a geographical information system (GIS), has been made. Methods: For the study, data on public and private oral health centres were collected for the three coastal districts of Karnataka state, India. Population and income data were collected, along with geographic attributes (latitudes and longitudes) of the practitioners' addresses. Descriptive statistical analyses and dentist-to-population ratios (D:P) were calculated. Correlation between the number of clinics with population and D:P with per capita income were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Chi-square test applied to analyze any association between D:P and urbanization. Results: Among 340 clinics, 8.5% are public and 91.5% are private clinics catering to a population of 4,704,179. Average D:P for the three coastal districts is 1:13,836. There is an uneven urban-rural distribution of dentists with lower D:P in rural areas. Rural population in four taluks have only one dentist for over a lakh population. Six taluks have only one dentist for every 50000 – 100000 population in rural areas. Six rural areas had only public centers to cater to their oral health. Conclusions: From the study, it is concluded that oral health services were concentrated in areas with higher annual income per-capita, increased urbanization and population density.
Maximum bandwidth of a composite achromatic quartz half-wave plate
Authors: Tang Jiale , Ou Mingyu , Liu Yan , Deng Rui , Lan Lanling 
Published: March 2022

To investigate the characteristics of the achromatic bandwidth of composite achromatic quartz half-wave plates (QHWPs), three kinds of multi-element achromatic QHWPs with central wavelengths at 1000–3000 nm and relative deviation of the maximum phase retardation (

Δ

δ

m
a
x

) of 1%–5% are discussed. Based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm, the maximum bandwidth of the composite achromatic QHWPs at room temperature is obtained. The results show that the achromatic bandwidth increases with

Δ

δ

m
a
x

. At the same

Δ

δ

m
a
x

, the achromatic bandwidth of four-element achromatic QHWPs is larger than that of two- and three-element achromatic QHWPs. The maximum achromatic bandwidth of four-element achromatic QHWPs can reach 2229 nm when

Δ

δ

m
a
x

is 5%. In addition, the temperature effect on bandwidth in the wavelength range of 300–1500 nm is analyzed, and the maximum bandwidth of temperature insensitive composite achromatic QHWPs is 840 nm. The results provide a great reference for designing achromatic wave plates with broad bandwidths.
Tüketim metaforu ile tüketicilerin kişisel ve fiziksel özelliklerinin satın alma davranışı üzerindeki etkisi
Authors: Köylüoğlu A. Selçuk 
Published: March 2022

Tüketici satın alma davranışı, ürünleri arama, satın alma, kullanma, değerlendirme, ekonomik ömrünü dolduran ürünleri yenileme ya da elden çıkarma eylemlerini içermektedir. Bu eylemler kültürel, sosyolojik ve ekonomik pek çok faktörden etkilenmektedir. Dolayısıyla tüketici satın alma davranışı, söz konusu faktörlerden etkilenen karmaşık bir yapıya sahiptir. Bu bağlamda kurgulanan çalışmanın amacı, tüketim metaforu ile tüketicilerin kişisel ve fiziksel özelliklerinin satın alma davranışı üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak anket yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Toplanan verilerin analizinde SPSS 22.0 programından yararlanılmıştır. Analiz ve yorumlarda betimsel ve çıkarımsal istatistiklere başvurulmuştur. Bu istatistikler, Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli (YEM) ile test edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, tüketicilerin kişisel ve fiziksel özellikleri ile tüketim metaforunun satın alma davranışı üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Tüketici, Tüketim Metaforu, Tüketici Satın Alma Davranışı
Jel Kodları: M30, M31, M39