bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using citizen science to estimate surficial soil Blue Carbon stocks in Great British saltmarshes
Authors: Smeaton Craig , Burden Annette , Ruranska Paulina , Ladd Cai J. T. , Garbutt Angus , Jones Laurence , McMahon Lucy , Miller Lucy C. , Skov Martin W. , Austin William E. N. 
Published: August 2022

A new saltmarsh soil dataset comprising of geochemical and physical property data from 752 soil samples collected through a sampling program supported by citizen scientists has been brought together with existing data to make the first national estimates of the surficial (top 10 cm) soil OC stock for Great British (GB) saltmarshes. To allow the inclusion of secondary data in the soil stock estimate a new bespoke organic matter to organic carbon conversion for GB saltmarsh soil was developed allowing organic matter data measured using loss-on-ignition to be convert to organic carbon content. The total GB surficial soil OC stock is 2.320 ± 0.470 Mt; English saltmarshes hold 1.601 ± 0.426 Mt OC, Scottish saltmarshes hold 0.368 ± 0.091 Mt OC, and Welsh saltmarshes hold 0.351 ± 0.082 Mt OC. The stocks were calculated within a Markov Chain Monte Carlo framework allowing robust uncertainty estimates to be derived for the first time. Spatial mapping tools are available to accompany these stock estimates at individual saltmarsh habitats throughout GB. This data will aid in the protection and management of saltmarshes and represents the first steps towards the inclusion of saltmarsh OC in the national inventory accounting of blue carbon ecosystems.
Exosomes secreted by Blastocystis subtypes affect the expression of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-6, IL-10, IL-4)
Authors: Norouzi Mojtaba , Pirestani Majid , Arefian Ehsan , Dalimi Abdolhossein , Sadraei Javid , Mirjalali Hamed 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundBlastocystissp. is a common intestinal parasite, possibly responsible for diarrhea, vomiting and nausea, abdominal pain, and irritable bowel syndrome. However, many studies focused on this issue due to the uncertainty of its pathogenic potential. The extracellular vesicles (EVs) are significant mediators for cellular communication, carrying biological molecules such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Compared with other parasites, little is known about theBlastocystisEVs. Hence the present investigation was done.MethodsTheBlastocystisparasites were cultured in the DMEM medium, and a 550–585 bp fragment was amplified using PCR, and sequencing was done. A commercial kit was used for exosome extraction and dynamic light scattering (DLS), flow cytometry (CD63, CD81 markers), and electron microscopy tests to determine their morphology. The human leukemia monocytic cell line (THP-1) was exposed toBlastocystisEVs. Next, the expression of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), were measured using quantitative PCR.ResultsExosomes were extracted from ST1-3Blastocystissp. According to the DLS assay, the size of the exosomes was in the range of 30–100 nm. Electron microscopy images and CD63 and CD81 markers also confirmed the exosome's size, structure, and morphology. According to real-time PCR results, ST1-derived exosomes caused IL-6 and TNF-α upregulation and IL-10 and IL-4 downregulation, ST2- and ST3-derived exosomes downregulated IL-10, and ST3-derived exosomes caused IL-6 upregulation. There is a statistically significant difference (P≤ 0.05).ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first report of the release of exosome-like vesicles by the human parasite,Blastocystis, and the provided information demonstrates the role of this parasite, particularly ST1 on proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and navigating the host response.
Outcomes of reconstructive endovascular treatment of vertebrobasilar dissecting aneurysms with intramural hematoma
Authors: Zhang Yisen , Peng Qichen , Zhou Yangyang , Wang Chao , Zhang Longhui , Yang Xinjian , Mu Shiqing 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundVertebrobasilar dissecting aneurysms (VBDAs) with an intramural hematoma (IMH) usually cause symptoms because of mass effect and grow in size over time. Clinical outcomes are generally poor.ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine outcomes of reconstructive endovascular treatment (EVT) in patients with VBDAs with IMH. Safety and effectiveness were compared between flow diverters (FDs) and conventional stents.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical and radiological data of 36 VBDAs with IMH in 36 patients who underwent EVT with either FDs or conventional stents from January 2012 to December 2020 at our institution.ResultsAmong the 36 study patients, 20 were treated with FDs and 16 with conventional stents. Incidence of procedure-related complications did not significantly differ between the two stents. IMH growth occurred after EVT in a significantly higher proportion of conventional stent group aneurysms (zero vs. 31.3% [5/16]; p = 0.012). Among the five aneurysms with IMHs that grew, all recurred. Change in IMH size after EVT was significantly lower in the FD group (−2.7 vs. +8.1%, p = 0.036). However, after the recurrent aneurysms were removed from the conventional stent group, change in IMH size did not significantly differ between the two groups (−2.7 vs. +1.0%, p = 0.332). The proportion of patients who experienced an improvement in mRS score after EVT was significantly higher in the FD group (60 vs. 25%, p = 0.036).ConclusionIMHs in VBDAs stop growing after successful reconstructive EVT. Although both FD and conventional stent treatment are effective, FD treatment may be superior based on clinical outcomes and effect on IMH size.
The radiological and electrophysiological characteristics of Hirayama disease with proximal involvement: A retrospective study
Authors: Wang Hongwei , Tian Ye , Wu Jianwei , Sun Chi , Nie Cong , Zheng Chaojun , Zou Fei , Xia Xinlei , Ma Xiaosheng , Lyu Feizhou , Jiang Jianyuan , Wang Hongli 
Published: August 2022

PurposeHirayama disease (HD) has been largely believed to affect only distal muscles. However, the proximal upper extremities have been affected in some cases, which can be confused with motor neuron diseases.MethodsBaseline data, deep tendon reflex, Hoffmann sign, cervical curvature, sagittal Cobb angle, atrophied spinal cord, high signal intensity, loss of attachment, and affected muscles and segments on electromyography (EMG) were retrospectively obtained and compared between patients with HD with proximal involvement and patients with simple distal HD in one center from September 2007 to April 2022.ResultsIn this study, fifteen patients with proximal HD and 30 patients with simple distal HD were included. The proximal group had a larger proportion of patients with decreased biceps reflex, decreased triceps reflex, brisk or hyperactive knee reflex, positive Hoffmann sign, and cervical kyphosis. The curvatures of the upper part of the cervical spine (C2-4) were lost to a greater degree in the proximal group. More affected segments were observed on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and electromyography in the proximal group.ConclusionThe injured segments were longer and the upper curvature of the cervical spine was poorer in patients with HD with proximal involvement. These findings indicated that proximal involvement may indicate more serious HD.
Cerebral small vessel disease combined with cerebral collaterals to predict the prognosis of patients with acute large artery atherosclerotic stroke
Authors: Wei Cunsheng , Shen Tingwen , Tang Xuelian , Gao Yuanyuan , Yu Xiaorong , Chen Xuemei 
Published: August 2022

Background and purposeBesides cerebral collaterals, few studies have examined other additional factors affecting the prognosis of patients with large artery atherosclerotic (LAA) stroke. Our study aims to explore the effect of the cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) and the effects of its interaction with cerebral collaterals on the prognosis of patients with acute LAA stroke.MethodPatients aged 18 years or older with LAA stroke within 24 h after stroke onset were consecutively enrolled. The functional outcome was determined using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months after stroke onset. Logistic multivariate analyses were used to identify the risk factors for stroke prognosis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to compare the effects of cerebral collaterals and SVD on predicting the prognosis.ResultsOf the 274 enrolled patients, 174 (63.50%) were identified as having a favorable prognosis, and 100 (36.50%) were identified as having an unfavorable prognosis. After adjusting for covariates, the logistic regression analysis identified that unfavorable prognosis was related to the total SVD score (Model 1, adjusted odds ratio = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.15–2.61, P &lt; 0.01; Model 2, adjusted odds ratio = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.23–2.79, P &lt; 0.01) and Tan score (Model 1, adjusted odds ratio = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.23–0.64, P &lt; 0.01; Model 2, adjusted odds ratio = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.33–0.82, P &lt; 0.01). Compared with cerebral collaterals (AUC = 0.59; 95% CI: 0.52–0.67; P &lt; 0.01) or SVD (AUC = 0.62; 95% CI: 0.56–0.69; P &lt; 0.01) alone, the combination of collaterals and SVD (AUC = 0.66; 95% CI: 0.59–0.73; P &lt; 0.01) had higher diagnostic value for an unfavorable prognosis, and the optimal sensitivity and specificity were 77.01 and 53.00%, respectively.ConclusionsThe total SVD burden was related to the prognosis of patients with LAA stroke. Compared with cerebral collaterals or SVD alone, cerebral collaterals combined with total SVD burden are better at predicting the prognosis of patients with acute LAA stroke.
Misophonia: Analysis of the neuroanatomic patterns at the basis of psychiatric symptoms and changes of the orthosympathetic/ parasympathetic balance
Authors: Grossini Elena , Stecco Alessandro , Gramaglia Carla , De Zanet Daniel , Cantello Roberto , Gori Benedetta , Negroni Davide , Azzolina Danila , Ferrante Daniela , Feggi Alessandro , Carriero Alessandro , Zeppegno Patrizia 
Published: August 2022

Background/AimMisophonia is a disorder characterized by reduced tolerance to specific sounds or stimuli known as “triggers,” which tend to evoke negative emotional, physiological, and behavioral responses. In this study, we aimed to better characterize participants with misophonia through the evaluation of the response of the autonomic nervous system to “trigger sounds,” a psychometric assessment, and the analysis of the neurological pathways.Materials and methodsParticipants included 11 adults presenting with misophonic disturbance and 44 sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). Following recently proposed diagnostic criteria, the participants listened to six “trigger sounds” and a “general annoyance” sound (baby crying) during a series of physiological tests. The effects were examined through functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), the analysis of heart rate variability (HRV), and of galvanic skin conductance (GSC). The fMRI was performed on a 3T Scanner. The HRV was obtained through the analysis of electrocardiogram, whereas the GSC was examined through the positioning of silver-chloride electrodes on fingers. Furthermore, the psychometric assessment included questionnaires focused on misophonia, psychopathology, resilience, anger, and motivation.ResultsParticipants with misophonia showed patterns of increased sympathetic activation in response to trigger sounds and a general annoyance sound, the low frequency (LF) component of HRV, the sympathetic index, and the number of significant GSC over the threshold, where the amplitude/phasic response of GSC was higher. The fMRI analysis provided evidence for the activation of the temporal cortex, the limbic area, the ventromedial prefrontal/premotor/cingulate cortex, and the cerebellum in participants with misophonia. In addition, the psychometric assessment seemed to differentiate misophonia as a construct independent from general psychopathology.ConclusionThese results suggest the activation of a specific auditory-insula-limbic pathway at the basis of the sympathetic activation observed in participants with misophonia in response to “trigger and general annoyance sounds.” Further studies should disentangle the complex issue of whether misophonia represents a new clinical disorder or a non-pathological condition. These results could help to build diagnostic tests to recognize and better classify this disorder. The relevance of this question goes beyond purely theoretical issues, as in the first case, participants with misophonia should receive a diagnosis and a targeted treatment, while in the second case, they should not.
Integrated molecular and pharmacological characterization of patient-derived xenografts from bladder and ureteral cancers identifies new potential therapies
Authors: Lang Hervé , Béraud Claire , Cabel Luc , Fontugne Jacqueline , Lassalle Myriam , Krucker Clémentine , Dufour Florent , Groeneveld Clarice S. , Dixon Victoria , Meng Xiangyu , Kamoun Aurélie , Chapeaublanc Elodie , De Reynies Aurélien , Gamé Xavier , Rischmann Pascal , Bieche Ivan , Masliah-Planchon Julien , Beaurepere Romane , Allory Yves , Lindner Véronique , Misseri Yolande , Radvanyi François , Lluel Philippe , Bernard-Pierrot Isabelle , Massfelder Thierry 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundMuscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) and upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) are molecularly heterogeneous. Despite chemotherapies, immunotherapies, or anti-fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) treatments, these tumors are still of a poor outcome. Our objective was to develop a bank of patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) recapitulating the molecular heterogeneity of MIBC and UTUC, to facilitate the preclinical identification of therapies.MethodsFresh tumors were obtained from patients and subcutaneously engrafted into immune-compromised mice. Patient tumors and matched PDXs were compared regarding histopathology, transcriptomic (microarrays), and genomic profiles [targeted Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS)]. Several PDXs were treated with chemotherapy (cisplatin/gemcitabine) or targeted therapies [FGFR and epidermal growth factor (EGFR) inhibitors].ResultsA total of 31 PDXs were established from 1 non-MIBC, 25 MIBC, and 5 upper urinary tract tumors, including 28 urothelial (UC) and 3 squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). Integrated genomic and transcriptomic profiling identified the PDXs of three different consensus molecular subtypes [basal/squamous (Ba/Sq), luminal papillary, and luminal unstable] and included FGFR3-mutated PDXs. High histological and genomic concordance was found between matched patient tumor/PDX. Discordance in molecular subtypes, such as a Ba/Sq patient tumor giving rise to a luminal papillary PDX, was observed (n=5) at molecular and histological levels. Ten models were treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy, and we did not observe any association between subtypes and the response. Of the three Ba/Sq models treated with anti-EGFR therapy, two models were sensitive, and one model, of the sarcomatoid variant, was resistant. The treatment of three FGFR3-mutant PDXs with combined FGFR/EGFR inhibitors was more efficient than anti-FGFR3 treatment alone.ConclusionsWe developed preclinical PDX models that recapitulate the molecular heterogeneity of MIBCs and UTUC, including actionable mutations, which will represent an essential tool in therapy development. The pharmacological characterization of the PDXs suggested that the upper urinary tract and MIBCs, not only UC but also SCC, with similar molecular characteristics could benefit from the same treatments including anti-FGFR for FGFR3-mutated tumors and anti-EGFR for basal ones and showed a benefit for combined FGFR/EGFR inhibition in FGFR3-mutant PDXs, compared to FGFR inhibition alone.
The survival benefit of different lymph node yields in radical prostatectomy for pN1M0 prostate cancer patients: Implications from a population-based study
Authors: Hu Jieping , Yu Yue , Liu Wei , Zhong Jialei , Zhou Xiaochen , Xi Haibo 
Published: August 2022

Background and objectivesThe extent and survival benefits of lymph node dissection (LND) in radical prostatectomy (RP) for pN1M0 prostate cancer (PCa) patients remained unclear and were controversial. This study aimed to determine the survival benefit of different lymph node yields in RP for pN1M0 PCa patients.MethodspN1M0 PCa patients who received RP and LND were identified in Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) (2010–2015). Patients were divided into two groups in SEER based on the removal of one to three regional lymph nodes (LND1 group) or four or more regional lymph nodes (LND4 group). Kaplan–Meier methods were used to calculate cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS).ResultsIn total, 2,200 patients were identified; 264 patients received LND1 and 1,936 patients received LND4. CSS had no significant difference between the LND4 and LND1 groups (101mon vs. 98mon, p = 0.064), and OS was higher in LND4 patients compared with LND1 patients (97mon vs. 93mon, p = 0.024); for patients with Gleason score = 9 or 10 and T3b or T4, 5-year OS was higher in patients undergoing LND4 (80.9%; 95% CI, 79.0–82.8) compared with those undergoing LND1 (67.5%; 95% CI, 60.8–74.2) (p = 0.009).ConclusionMore lymph node yield provided better survival for patients with Gleason score = 9 or 10 and T3b or T4, but not for other pN1M0 PCa patients. The extent of LND would be determined after a comprehensive evaluation including Gleason score, tumor stage, and the general condition of the patient.
Application of artificial intelligence in glioma researches: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Zhang Dewei , Zhu Weiyi , Guo Jun , Chen Wei , Gu Xin 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundThere have been no researches assessing the research trends of the application of artificial intelligence in glioma researches with bibliometric methods.PurposeThe aim of the study is to assess the research trends of the application of artificial intelligence in glioma researches with bibliometric analysis.MethodsDocuments were retrieved from web of science between 1996 and 2022. The bibliometrix package from Rstudio was applied for data analysis and plotting.ResultsA total of 1081 documents were retrieved from web of science between 1996 and 2022. The annual growth rate was 30.47%. The top 5 most productive countries were the USA, China, Germany, France, and UK. The USA and China have the strongest international cooperative link. Machine learning, deep learning, radiomics, and radiogenomics have been the key words and trend topics. “Neuro-Oncology”, “Frontiers in Oncology”, and “Cancers” have been the top 3 most relevant journals. The top 3 most relevant institutions were University of Pennsylvania, Capital Medical University, and Fudan University.ConclusionsWith the growth of publications concerning the application of artificial intelligence in glioma researches, bibliometric analysis help researchers to get access to the international academic collaborations and trend topics in the research field.
Gender differences in the experience of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome
Authors: Windgassen Sula S. , Sutherland Susanna , Finn Michael T. M. , Bonnet Kemberlee R. , Schlundt David G. , Reynolds W. Stuart , Dmochowski Roger R. , McKernan Lindsey C. 
Published: August 2022

AimsThis study assessed gender differences in a debilitating urologic pain condition, interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS). We aimed to (1) evaluate how pain, symptom, and distress profiles of IC/BPS may differ between genders and (2) obtain in-depth firsthand accounts from patients to provide additional insight into their experiences that may explain potential gender differences.MethodsA mixed methods approach combined validated patient-reported outcome measures with a single timepoint 90-min focus group. Tests of summary score group differences between men and women were assessed across questionnaires measuring urologic symptoms, pain, emotional functioning, and diagnostic timeline. Qualitative analysis applied an inductive-deductive approach to evaluate and compare experiences of living with IC/BPS Group narratives were coded and evaluated thematically by gender using the biopsychosocial model, providing insight into the different context of biopsychosocial domains characterizing the male and female experience of IC/BPS.ResultsThirty-seven participants [women (n = 27) and men (n = 10)] completed measures and structured focus group interviews across eight group cohorts conducted from 8/2017 to 3/2019. Women reported greater pain intensity (p = 0.043) and extent (p = 0.018), but not significantly greater impairment from pain (p = 0.160). Levels of psychological distress were significantly elevated across both genders. Further, the duration between time of pain symptom onset and time to diagnosis was significantly greater for women than men (p = 0.012). Qualitative findings demonstrated key distinctions in experiences between genders. Men appeared not to recognize or to deter emotional distress while women felt overwhelmed by it. Men emphasized needing more physiological treatment options whilst women emphasized needing more social and emotional support. Interactions with medical providers and the healthcare system differed substantially between genders. While men reported feeling supported and involved in treatment decisions, women reported feeling dismissed and disbelieved.ConclusionThe findings indicate different pain experiences and treatment needs between genders in persons experiencing urologic pain and urinary symptoms, with potential intervention implications. Results suggest gender health inequality in medical interactions in this urologic population needing further investigation.
Urinary biomarkers for the early prediction of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants: A pilot study
Authors: Cui Xuewei , Fu Jianhua 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundThis study investigated whether 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) concentrations in the urine could predict bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants.MethodsThis prospective cohort study enrolled 165 preterm infants, of whom 70 developed BPD. We measured urinary 8-OHdG and NT-proBNP concentrations from day of life (DOL) 7 to 28. Then, we evaluated the prediction efficiency by receiver operating characteristic curves and assessed correlations between the two biomarkers. Finally, we identified the predictive risk factors for BPD by multivariable logistic regression.Results8-OHdG and NT-proBNP levels were significantly higher from DOL 7 to 28 in the BPD group than in the control group (P &lt; 0.05). Additionally, the 8-OHdG level was positively correlated with the NT-proBNP level (r: 0.655–0.789, P &lt; 0.001), and the 8-OHdG and NT-proBNP levels were positively correlated with mechanical ventilation duration and oxygen exposure time (r: 0.175–0.505, P &lt; 0.05) from DOL 7 to 28. Furthermore, the 8-OHdG (DOL 14–28) and NT-proBNP (DOL 7–28) levels were significantly associated with BPD development (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe urine 8-OHdG concentrations from DOL 14 to 28 and NT-proBNP concentrations from DOL 7 to 28 may be practical non-invasive predictors of BPD development in preterm infants.