bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of vancomycin pharmacokinetics in patients with augmented renal clearances: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Sahraei Zahra , Saffaei Ali , Alavi Darazam Ilad , Salamzadeh Jamshid , Shabani Minoosh , Shokouhi Shervin , Sarvmeili Najmeh , Hajiesmaeili Mohammadreza , Zangi Masood 
Published: November 2022

Purpose: Vancomycin is a narrow therapeutic window glycopeptide antibiotic that acts against Gram-positive bacteria. As it is renally eliminated, therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended for vancomycin, especially in case of kidney function alteration. Augmented renal clearance (ARC), defined as a creatinine clearance of more than 130 ml/min, is a risk factor for sub-therapeutic concentrations of vancomycin. This study aimed to evaluate the vancomycin pharmacokinetics following the administration of two different regimens in ARC patients.Methods: A randomized clinical trial (IRCT20180802040665N1) was conducted on patients in need of vancomycin therapy. Eight hours of urine was collected and 56 patients divided into two groups with creatinine clearance of more than 130 ml/min were included in the study. The first group received 15 mg/kg of vancomycin every 12 h and the second group 15 mg/kg every 8 h. After four doses, the peak and trough concentrations were measured from two blood samples. The primary outcome was the percentage of patients who attainted AUC more than 400. The occurrence of acute kidney injury also was evaluated after seven days.Results: The mean age of patients in the every 12 h and every 8 h groups was 44.04 ± 16.55 and 42.86 ± 11.83 years, respectively. While neurosurgical issues were the most common causes of hospitalization, central nervous infections were the most common indications for vancomycin initiation. Urinary creatinine clearance was 166.94 ± 41.32 ml/min in the every 12 h group and 171.78 ± 48.56 ml/min in the every 8 h group. 46.42% of patients in the every 12 h group and 82.14% of patients in the every 8 h group attained AUC/MIC of more than 400 mg × hr/L. None of the patients in the every 12 h group reached more than 15 mcg/ml concentration. At the 7-day follow-up, 10.7% patients in the BD group and 28.6% patients in the TDS group developed acute kidney injury (p = 0.089).Conclusion: Administration of vancomycin at a dose of 15 mg/kg every 8 h is associated with higher pharmacokinetic attainment in ARC patients. The occurrence of acute kidney injury also was not significantly higher in this therapeutic regimen. AUC/MIC monitoring is necessary in this population.
Lymphocyte and dendritic cell response to a period of intensified training in young healthy humans and rodents: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Baker Carla , Hunt John , Piasecki Jessica , Hough John 
Published: November 2022

Background: Intensified training coupled with sufficient recovery is required to improve athletic performance. A stress-recovery imbalance can lead to negative states of overtraining. Hormonal alterations associated with intensified training, such as blunted cortisol, may impair the immune response. Cortisol promotes the maturation and migration of dendritic cells which subsequently stimulate the T cell response. However, there are currently no clear reliable biomarkers to highlight the overtraining syndrome. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effect of intensified training on immune cells. Outcomes from this could provide insight into whether these markers may be used as an indicator of negative states of overtraining.Methods: SPORTDiscus, PUBMED, Academic Search Complete, Scopus and Web of Science were searched until June 2022. Included articles reported on immune biomarkers relating to lymphocytes, dendritic cells, and cytokines before and after a period of intensified training, in humans and rodents, at rest and in response to exercise.Results: 164 full texts were screened for eligibility. Across 57 eligible studies, 16 immune biomarkers were assessed. 7 were assessed at rest and in response to a bout of exercise, and 9 assessed at rest only. Included lymphocyte markers were CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell count, NK cell count, NK Cytolytic activity, lymphocyte proliferation and CD4/CD8 ratio. Dendritic cell markers examined were CD80, CD86, and MHC II expression. Cytokines included IL-1β, IL-2, IL-10, TNF-α and IFN-γ. A period of intensified training significantly decreased resting total lymphocyte (d= −0.57, 95% CI −0.30) and CD8+ T cell counts (d= −0.37, 95% CI −0.04), and unstimulated plasma IL-1β levels (d= −0.63, 95% CI −0.17). Resting dendritic cell CD86 expression significantly increased (d = 2.18, 95% CI 4.07). All other biomarkers remained unchanged.Conclusion: Although some biomarkers alter after a period of intensified training, definitive immune biomarkers are limited. Specifically, due to low study numbers, further investigation into the dendritic cell response in human models is required.
Optimal BMI cutoff points in obesity screening for Chinese college students
Authors: Wang Zheng , Wang Jinjin , Shi Yiqin , Fang Qun , Tan Qiang , Wang Mingming , Li Jingping 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveAn accurate BMI classification system specific to the population is of great value in health promotion. Existing studies have shown that the BMI recommended cut-off value for adults is not suitable for college students. Thus, the current study aims to identify optimal BMI cutoff points in obesity screening for Chinese college students.MethodsAnthropometric assessments were performed on 6,798 college students (Male = 3,408, Female = 3,390) from three universities in Jiangsu, China. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted to establish the standardized models to estimate anthropometry for male and female students. Further indices were derived from the assessments, including body mass index (BMI), relative fat mass (RFM), obesity degree percentage (OBD%), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist circumference (WC), and body fat percentage (BF%). The anthropometric index with the highest correlation to the models for male and female students were selected as the gold standard for obesity screening. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to evaluate diagnostic value of each anthropometric index according to the area under curve (AUC). Youden index maximum points determined the optimal cutoff points with the highest accuracy in obesity screening.ResultsThe anthropometric models for both male and female students consisted of three factors. Vervaeck index was selected as the gold standard for obesity screening. By comparing AUC of the anthropometric indices, we found BMI provided the highest value in obesity screening. Further analysis based on Youden index identified the optimal BMI of 23.53 kg/m2 for male and 23.41 kg/m2 for female. Compared with the universal standard recommended by World Health Organization (WHO), the adjusted BMI criteria were characterized by high sensitivity as well as specificity.ConclusionBMI is the most appropriate anthropometric index of obesity screening for Chinese college students. The optimal cutoff points were lower than the WHO reference. Evidence substantiated the adjusted BMI criteria as an effective approach to improve accuracy of obesity screening for this population.
High rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection in funeral home workers in Ecuador: Is it an occupational risk for COVID-19?
Authors: Ortiz-Prado Esteban , Vásconez Jorge Eduardo , Vallejo-Janeta Alexander Paolo , Morales-Jadán Diana , Henriquez-Trujillo Aquiles R. , Rivera-Olivero Ismar A. , Andrade Felipe , Lozada Tannya , Garcia-Bereguiain Miguel Angel ,   UDLA COVID-19 Team
Published: November 2022

AimThe COVID-19 outbreak has already caused more than 6.5 million deaths, overwhelming health systems worldwide. The unusual demand for funeral home services could make these workers a potential risk group for occupational exposure to SARS-CoV-2 associated with corpses management for COVID-19 patients.MethodologyThis is a cross-sectional study aimed to describe the infection rate of SARS-CoV-2 in funeral home staff by testing them with RT-qPCR in Quito, Ecuador. A total of 232 funeral home workers, representing more than 40% of funeral home personnel in Quito, were included in the study, in June 2020, immediately after the population lockdown was lifted in Ecuador.ResultsA total of 48 individuals tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, yielding an infection rate of 20.7%. The SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was 18.1 and 20.0% among personnel managing corpses or not managing corpses, respectively. Among the SARS-CoV-2 positive patients, 81.3% reported no symptoms related to COVID-19, and 3 individuals had high viral loads over 108 copies/ml.ConclusionThe high SARS-CoV-2 infection rate in funeral home staff suggested a potential occupational risk for COVID-19 but not related to corpses management. Public health guidelines for safe corpses management for COVID-19 victims and safe funeral services should be reinforced.
Single-port laparoscopy-assisted trans-scrotal hernia sac ligation for pediatric male inguinal hernia
Authors: Hang Tian , Ma Qichao , Hong Zhihua , Wang Jianfeng , Ling Zhicai , Lin Houwei 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveWe report the introduction of a novel single-port laparoscopic-assisted trans-scrotal hernia sac ligation (LAT-HSL) technique for the treatment of inguinal hernias in pediatric males. In this article, we describe the LAT-HSL technique and the outcomes.MethodsTwenty-five male children with confirmed unilateral inguinal hernia who underwent surgical treatment from January 2020 to September 2021 were selected for this study. All children underwent surgical treatment with LAT-HSL, and the operative time, hospital stay, and postoperative results and complications were recorded.ResultsAll 25 cases underwent LAT-HSL with minimal perioperative complications, and all children were successfully discharged from the hospital postoperatively. At the postoperative follow-up, there was no retraction or atrophy of the testes, no incisional infection, no chronic pain, no urinary retention, and no recurrent hernias.ConclusionSingle-port LAT-HSL allows for rapid and accurate localization of the extra-abdominal hernia sac. The method is safe, easy to perform, and adaptable. Additionally, the scar is hidden, and the operation time is short.
A minimally invasive bipolar surgical approach for the treatment of patellar fracture using the tension-band wiring technique
Authors: Lin Zhangxiong , Chen Yaoqing , Wang Hai , Lan Wenbin , Xie Yun , Wu Gui 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveMinimally invasive surgical techniques are becoming increasingly popular for the treatment of traumatic injuries. Although some minimally invasive techniques in the management of patellar fractures have been reported, the limited exposure in such methods may cause technical difficulties during surgery and restrict their wide application. In this context, this study aims to introduce a bipolar incision and assess the clinical outcomes of patellar fractures treated via this type of incision.Materials and methodsPatients who suffered patellar fractures and who received surgical treatment via bipolar incision between 2018 and 2020 in our hospital were retrospectively reviewed and included in this study. The clinical and radiological records of all patients were reviewed. A classification of the fractures was done and intraoperative parameters, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score, knee range of motion, and the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) knee score of the patients were evaluated and summarized.ResultsThe study included 19 patients who met the inclusion criteria. All patellar fractures were operated through the minimally invasive bipolar surgical approach. The mean time of operation was 69.0 ± 8.5 min. The mean time to union was 12.8 ± 2.1 weeks. The average total knee range of motion was 131.8 ± 4.4°, and the average HSS score was 97.1 ± 2.6 at 1-year post-operation. No surgical-related complications were observed.ConclusionsThe knee functional outcomes were favorable when patellar fractures were treated through the minimally invasive bipolar incision method. This bipolar surgical approach was found to be a feasible method for treating patellar fractures.
Climate Behaviour and Plant Heat Activity of a Citrus Tunnel Greenhouse: A Computational Fluid Dynamic Study
Authors: Bekraoui Adil , Chakir Sanae , Fatnassi Hicham , Mouqallid Mhamed , Majdoubi Hassan 
Published: November 2022

Response to the expanding demand for high-quality citrus saplings plants requires optimisation and a deep understanding of production climate behaviour. In this context, greenhouse production is the most used technique because it allows farmers to effectively monitor plant growth through production condition control, especially climatic parameters. The current work presents an analysis of climate behaviour and plant heat activity of a citrus sapling tunnel greenhouse in the middle region of Morocco. In this regard, a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model was developed and validated with respect to temperature and relative humidity measured values. The specificity of this model is the inclusion of a new non-grey radiative and heat transfers physical sub-models to couple the convective and radiative exchanges at the plastic roof cover and crop level. The findings showed that using a green shade net increased the greenhouse shadow, and the layering of plastic and shade net significantly reduced solar radiation inside the greenhouse by 50%. Also, the greenhouse airflow speed was deficient; it cannot exceed 0.3 ms−1, hence the dominance of the chimney effect in heat transfer. Despite the previous results, analyses of greenhouse temperature and relative humidity fields clearly showed the greenhouse climate behaviour heterogeneity, where spatial greenhouse air temperature and relative humidity difference values reached a maximum of 29.7 °C and 23%, respectively. For citrus plants, heat activity results showed that a weak fraction (1.44%) of the short wavelength radiation is converted to latent heat, which explains the low plant transpiration under these conditions. While the convective currents are the primary source of temperature and relative humidity heterogeneity inside the greenhouse, the presence of crop rows tends to homogenise the climate inside the greenhouse. We also concluded the necessity of proper condensation modelling near ground surfaces and inside the crop, and the water vapour effect on climate determination.
Emulsifying Properties of Rhamnolipids and Their In Vitro Antifungal Activity against Plant Pathogenic Fungi
Authors: Li Dongmei , Tao Weiyi , Yu Dinghua , Li Shuang 
Published: November 2022

Rhamnolipids have significant emulsifying activity and the potential to become a component of pesticide emulsifier. Rhamnolipids are usually composed of two main components: mono-rhamnolipids (Rha-C10-C10) and di-rhamnolipids (Rha2-C10-C10). The proportion of di-rhamnolipids in the products ranged between 15% and 90%, affected by the production strains and fermentation process. In this paper, three kinds of rhamnolipid products containing di-rhamnolipids proportions, of 25.45, 46.46 and 89.52%, were used to test their emulsifying ability toward three conventional solvents used in pesticide (S-200, xylene, cyclohexanone) and antifungal activities against five strains of plant pathogenic fungi (Phytophthora capsici, Phytophthora parasitica var.nicotianae, Colletotrichum destructivum, Colletotrichum sublineolum, Fusarium oxysporum). The results indicated that although the CMC of the three rhamnolipids were significantly different, their emulsification properties had no remarkable differences, at a concentration of 10 g/L. However, their antifungal activities were significantly different: the more di-rhamnolipids, the stronger the antifungal activity. This work helps to promote the application of rhamnolipids as pesticides adjuvants.
Evolución clínica de los pacientes receptores de trasplante cardíaco del hospital Dr. Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia, Costa Rica 2007-2020
Authors: Mora María del Rosario , Saborío Morales Lachiner , Araya Fonseca Carlos , Dailey Marietta 
Published: November 2022

Antecedente y objetivos: Hasta la realización de este estudio, se desconocía la evolución clínica de los pacientes receptores de trasplante cardiaco en Costa Rica. El objetivo de este trabajo fue documentar los resultados del Programa de Trasplante Cardíaco del Hospital Dr. Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia desde el inicio de este programa en 2007 hasta 2020.
Métodos: Investigación observacional retrospectiva de 33 pacientes que recibieron trasplante de corazón.
Resultados: La miocardiopatía dilatada idiopática fue la indicación más frecuente de trasplante (27.3%). La mayoría de los pacientes receptores fueron hombres (63.6%). La mayoría de los receptores presentaban 5 (45.4%) ó 6 (27.2%) discordancias de HLA con el donador. El rechazo agudo celular 2R se presentó en 30% de los casos en los primeros 30 días. La sobrevida a 10 años fue de 14%.
Conclusiones: Aunque los hallazgos documentados en esta investigación fueron similares a los reportados en otros centros, el rechazo agudo significativo fue mayor al esperado y la sobrevida a largo plazo fue mucho menor.
Prevalence and pattern of refractive error in a tertiary health facility in southwest Nigeria
Authors: Otulana Taibat Olusola , Bodunde Olubunmi Temitope , Ajibode Haroon Adetunji , Onabolu Oluwatoni Olaide 
Published: November 2022

Background: Globally, uncorrected refractive error (RE) is a major cause of blindness, visual impairment (VI), and low vision.
Aim: To determine the prevalence, pattern, and level of visual impairment among clinic patients with refractive error in a tertiary health facility.
Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study conducted on patients who presented at a tertiary health facility in Ogun State, Nigeria. The biodata of the patients, level of education, occupation, the symptoms, and signs including the visual acuity (at presentation and after correction), and diagnosis were considered. Lenses that gave the patient the best vision were recorded as the type and magnitude of refractive error for that individual.
Results: The prevalence of RE was 10.6%. Children and adolescents comprised 23.3% of the cases of refractive error while traders comprised 17.1%. Those who did not have formal education were 3.7%. Blurring of vision for near was the most common presenting symptom. Normal visual acuity (6/6) and better was 33.4% at entry and 77.4% with correction. Myopia was observed to be the most common type of RE in children and adolescents. The prevalence of VI and blindness was 6.7%.
Conclusion: RE is a major cause of blindness and VI, with the prevalence of myopia higher in age group thirty years and below: lack of formal education may be a barrier for uptake of refractive error services in population with low literacy level.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Abu Sekam Padi (Rice Husk Ash) Pada Beton Normal Terhadap Nilai Kuat Tekan
Authors: Santoso Teguh Haris 
Published: November 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of adding rice husk ash to normal concrete on its compressive strength value. The benefit of this research is to increase knowledge about the effect of rice husk ash which can be used as an effort to reduce the use of Portland cement in concrete. This research method uses an experimental method of an experiment to determine the effect of a variable under study. The location of this research was conducted at the laboratory of PT. Nisajana Hasna Rizqy Tegal. The results of this study are the composition of the mixture of rice husk ash mixture which has the greatest compressive strength value occurs in the mixture of ASP * 10% concrete at 19.84 MPa aged 28 days, the compressive strength value does not reach the planned target of 24 MPa. Keywords : Rice Husk Ash, Concrete, Compressive Strength Value
STUDI REDUKSI BANJIR DENGAN KOLAM RETENSI PADA SUNGAI-SUNGAI PARALEL
Authors: Yusuf Rakhmat 
Published: November 2022

Flood in Ujungberung region occurs when rainy season. The location of the Ujungberung region is in the Bandung basin area from the upstream river originating at the Mount Manglayang. The impact of floods that occur is disrupting the drainage flow, settlement, traffic and economic land use such as markets, and agriculture in the region. The government has made some prevention efforts by constructing three Retention Basin on the Cinambo River, Cipamulihan River, and Cilameta River. There isn’t analysis on how much the optimal reduction in flood discharge and reservoir volume. In this study using a quantitative approach and descriptive method. Retanding basin analysis is based on the 25-years hydrological flood discharge using the Snyder method HEC-HMS v4.3 software. From the results of the Retention Basin modeling, it was found that in the Cinambo River with the initial discharge of Q25 is 37.70 m3/sec become 11.10 m3/sec can be reduced by 70.56 % with an optimal storage volume of 143,300 m3, in the Cipamulihan River with the initial discharge of Q25 is 19.20 m3/sec become 8.10 m3/sec can be reduced by 57.81 % with an optimal storage volume of 143,300 m3, and in the Cilameta River with the initial discharge of Q25 is 13.40 m3/sec become 9.3 m3/sec can be reduced by 30.60% with an optimal storage volume of 23,100 m3. If the Retention Basin planned to be carried out with an optimal storage volume, it must be adjusted to the available retention land area and with a required dimension.
Ryan Maulana HUKUMAN KEBIRI BAGI PELAKU KEKERASAN SEKSUAL TERHADAP ANAK (PEDOFILIA) BERDASARKAN UU PERLINDUNGAN ANAK
Authors: Maulana Ryan , Rochmani Rochmani 
Published: November 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan:1) dasar pembentukan sanksi kebiri pada pelaku kekerasan seksual terhadap anak; dan 2) keberadaan sanksi kebiri dalam kebijakan hukum pidana. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam tipe penelitian hukum normatif/doktrinal, yaitu tipe penelitian menggunakan pendekatan undang-undang (statute approach), asas hukum dan doktrin-doktrin sebagai kajiannya. Objek penelitian ini ialah hukum yang dikonsepkan sebagai apa yang tertulis dalam peraturan perundang-undangan yang dibuat oleh lembaga yang berwenang, dalam bentuk Undang-Undang tentang perlindungan anak dari tindak pidana kekerasan seksual (pedofilia). Spesifikasi penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitis yaitu untuk menggambarkan tentang hukuman kebiri bagi pelaku kekerasan seksual terhadap anak (pedofilia) berdasarkan Undang-Undang Perlindungan Anak. Hasill penelitianl memperlihatkanl bahwal 1)l hukuml kebiril kimial (chemicall castration)l terhadapl pelakul tindakl pidanal pedofilial kepadal anak-anakl menurutl hukuml pidanal Indonesial sudahl mencakupl unsurl yangl terdapatl padal suatul hukuman,l yaitu:l sebagail upayal pembalasanl (reverenge)l atasl perbuatanl melanggarl hukuml danl ketentuanl yangl sudahl dibuatl ataul ditetapkan.l Penetapanl Sanksil kebiril yangl diterapkanl dalaml Undang-Undangl Nomorl 17l Tahunl 2016l Tentangl Perlindunganl Anakl bertujuanl untukl menjagal kemaslahatanl masyarakatl Indonesial daril pelakul pedofilial danl memberil efekl jeral kepadal pelakul sertal bentukl pertanggungjawabanl hukuml bagil pelakul tindakl pidanal pedofilia.l Pihakl kontral atasl pelaksanaanl sanksil kebiril kimial umumnyal berargumentasil bahwal hall tersebutl bertentanganl denganl prinsip-prinsipl HAMl jugal berpotensil konflikl denganl Kodel Etikl Profesil Kedokteran;l danl 2)l saatl inil kebiril telahl menjadil produkl undang-undangl yangl baru,l tentunyal dalaml kebijakanl hukuml pidanal dikenall denganl kebijakanl denganl pembentukan,l kebijakanl penegakan,l kebijakanl pelaksanaan.l sementaral penulisanl penelitianl inil hanyal terbatasl padal kajianl kebijakanl keberadaanl pembentukanl undang-undangl semata.

Kata kunci: hukuman kebiri, kekerasan seksual dan undang-undang Perlindungan Anak