bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Induction Resistance of Neem Extract and Mancozeb 80 Wp on Physoderma Brown Spot and Physoderma Stalk Rot Diseases of Corn (Zea mays) caused by Physoderma Maydis in Far North Cameroon
Authors: Patrice Ngoh D. J. , Gabriel Djongnang , Martial Tene T. P. , Noel Tenyang , Placide Deurnaye , Rony Mbou T. P. , Rita Yamagui , Durel Ntatsinda C. , Bouba Djile , Zachee Ambang 
Published: January 2022

Corn (Zea mays) is one of the most widely spread cereals in the world. However, in the Far North Region of Cameroon, the incidence of some maize diseases progress because of farming practices and climate change (rainfall). This work aims to evaluate effect and resistance stimulation of neem extract and Mancozeb fungicide on Brown Spot (PBS) and Stalk Rot (PSR) diseases of corn due to Physoderma maydis in field condition. The experimental design was a two-factor split-plot. The treatments were a combination of Control (T), Mancozeb (Mz) at the concentration of 6g/L and aqueous extract of neem seeds (AENS) at the concentration of 50g/L with CMS 9015 and CMS 8704 varieties. Incidence, severity, rainfall, Area Under Disease Progress Curve (AUIPC, AUSiPC) were recorded.Â Phenol and protein rates, enzymatic activity of Polyphenol oxidase (PPO), peroxidase (POX) and glucanase were carried out. Stalk length and yield were evaluated. Incidence and severity of Physoderma Brown Spot (PBS) and Physoderma Stalk Rot (PSR) increased with time and environmental conditions (rainfall). The highest disease incidence was observed in the control treatments with both diseases, 52.39 and 37.67 % respectively for Brown Spot and Stalk Rot in CMS8704 variety and lower with AENS, 13.5 and 36.01%. AENS reduced PBS incidence and severity by 23.1 and 19.9 %, respectively and Mz by 9.3 and 18.1 %. The AUIPC and AUSiPC of PBS and PSR remained lower with AENS treatment during the growing season and higher with the other treatments. The highest phenol and proteins rates (8.81 and 25.1 mg/g/FM) were recorded for the AENS treatment in CMS9015 and CMS8704 variety, respectively. Enzymatic activity was more enhanced in CMS8704 variety with AENS. 4.22 A470/min/g, 1.55 A470/min/g and 1.15 Âµmole/min /g were recorded respectively for PPO, POX, and Glucane activities. Stalk length was higher in AENS and Mancozeb treatments with variety CMS8704 (125.13 and 123 cm respectively). A yield increase of 7.44% was obtained in the AENS treatment. The combination or not of aqueous neem extract and CMS8704 could be used in the integrated control of PBS and PSR of maize
Efficacy of Different Fungicides for the Control of Rice Blast (Pyricularia oryzae) Disease under Field Conditions at Pawe, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Horo Jemal Tola , Gudisa Tesfaye 
Published: January 2022

Rice blast disease caused by Pyricularia oryzae Cavara is the most destructive rice disease worldwide. Among the disease management options, the use of a fungicide is suitable for immediate action and remained an exclusive management method in the continents like Africa where agricultural technologies are not well advanced. The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of seven chemical fungicides viz., Amistar Xtra 280 SC, Artea 330 EC, Contaf Max 350 SC, Fungozeb 80 WP, Matco, Rex® Deo and Tilt 250 EC for the control of rice blast disease under field condition at Pawe, northwest Ethiopia. The result revealed that all the test fungicides have significantly suppressed the disease development with 11.1 – 51.5% suppression of panicle blast severity and 18.9 – 67% suppression of neck blast severity compared to the control (Untreated plot). However, Contaf Max 350 SC had superior disease reduction by more than 60% and gave the maximum grain yield (5617.06 kg ha-1) among the fungicides while the lowest yield was obtained from the control (4324.73 kg ha-1) followed by Artea 330 EC (4639.35 kg ha-1). Therefore, the present results suggest that twice application of Contaf Max 350 SC fungicide at 1 Lha-1 is effective for managing rice blast disease in Pawe and other places with a similar condition.
A Novel Bifunctional Wax Ester Synthase Involved in Early Triacylglycerol Accumulation in Unicellular Green Microalga Haematococcus pluvialis Under High Light Stress
Authors: Ma Haiyan , Zheng Jie , Li Yanhua , Zhao Liang , Zou Song , Hu Qiang , Han Danxiang 
Published: January 2022

The bulk of neutral lipids, including astaxanthin esters and triacylglycerols (TAGs), are accumulated in the green microalga Haematococcus pluvialis under high light (HL) stress. In this study, a novel bifunctional wax ester synthase (WS) gene was cloned from H. pluvialis upon HL stress. The overexpression of HpWS restored the biosynthesis of wax esters and TAGs in neutral lipid-deficient yeast mutant Saccharomyces cerevisiae H1246 fed with C18 alcohol and C18:1/C18:3 fatty acids, respectively. Under HL stress, HpWS was substantially upregulated at the transcript level, prior to that of the type I diacylglycerol:acyl-CoA acyltransferase encoding gene (HpDGAT1). HpDGAT1 is the major TAG synthase in H. pluvialis. In addition, the application of xanthohumol (a DGAT1/2 inhibitor) in the H. pluvialis cells did not completely eliminate the TAG biosynthesis under HL stress at 24 h. These results indicated that HpWS may contribute to the accumulation of TAGs in H. pluvialis at the early stage under HL stress. In addition, the overexpression of HpWS in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii bkt5, which is engineered to produce free astaxanthin, enhanced the production of TAGs and astaxanthin. Our findings broaden the understanding of TAG biosynthesis in microalgae and provide a new molecular target for genetic manipulation in biotechnological applications.
Clinical and Surgical Evaluations of Reoperation After Mechanical Mitral Valve Replacement Due to Different Etiologies
Authors: Li Jiehui , Wang Shuiyun , Sun Hansong , Xu Jianping , Dong Chao , Song Min , Yu Qibin 
Published: January 2022

Background:This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and surgical characteristics of patients who required reoperation after mechanical mitral valve replacement (MVR).Methods:We retrospectively identified 204 consecutive patients who underwent reoperation after mechanical MVR between 2009 and 2018. Patients were categorized according the reason for reoperation (perivalvular leakage, thrombus formation, or pannus formation). The patients' medical and surgical records were studied carefully and the rates of in-hospital complications were calculated.Results:The mean age was 51±12 years and 44% of the patients were male. The reasons for reoperation were perivalvular leakage (117 patients), thrombus formation (35 patients), and pannus formation (52 patients). The most common positions for perivalvular leakage were at the 6–10 o'clock positions (proportions of ≥25% for each hour position). Most patients had an interval of &gt;10 years between the original MVR and reoperation. The most common reoperation procedure was re-do MVR (157 patients), and 155 of these patients underwent concomitant cardiac procedures. There were 10 in-hospital deaths and 32 patients experienced complications. The 10-year survival rate was 82.2 ± 3.9% in general, and the group of lowest rate was patients with PVL (77.5 ± 5.2%). The independent risk factors were “male” (4.62, 95% CI 1.57–13.58, P = 0.005) and “Hb &lt;9g/dL before redo MV operation” (3.45, 95% CI 1.13–10.49, P = 0.029).Conclusion:Perivalvular leakage was the most common reason for reoperation after mechanical MVR, with a low survival rate in long term follow-up relatively.
Flow Simulation and Influence Factors Analysis of CO2 Foam Fracturing in Annulus Injection
Authors: Li Hao , Peng Genbo 
Published: January 2022

CO2 foam fracturing fluid is widely used in unconventional oil and gas production because of its easy flowback and low damage to the reservoir. Nowadays, the fracturing process of CO2 foam fracturing fluid injected by coiled tubing is widely used. However, the small diameter of coiled tubing will cause a large frictional pressure loss in the process of fluid flow, which is not beneficial to the development of fracturing construction. In this paper, the temperature and pressure calculation model of gas, liquid, and solid three-phase fluid flow in the wellbore under annulus injection is established. The model accuracy is verified by comparing the calculation results with the existing gas, solid, and gas and liquid two-phase model of CO2 fracturing. The calculation case of this paper shows that compared with the tubing injection method, the annulus injection of CO2 foam fracturing fluid reduces the friction by 3.06 MPa, and increases the wellbore pressure and temperature by 3.06 MPa and 5.77°C, respectively. Increasing the injection temperature, proppant volumetric concentration, and foam quality will increase the wellbore fluid temperature and make the CO2 transition to the supercritical state while increasing the mass flow rate will do the opposite. The research results verify the feasibility of the annulus injection of CO2 foam fracturing fluid and provide a reference for the improvement of CO2 foam fracturing technology in the field.
Independent Variables for Determining the Cumulative Live Birth Rates of Aged Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome or Tubal Factor Infertility: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Guan Yichun , Kong Pingping , Xiao Zhiying , Zhang Junyan , He Jingfang , Geng Wenjun , Yan Junfang , Sun Simin , Mu Mingkun , Du Xiaofang , Wang Xingling 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveTo assess whether women of advanced age (≥35 years) with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have the same cumulative live birth rate (CLBR) as their age-matched controls with tubal factor infertility and to determine the influencing factors on the CLBRs of aged women.DesignA retrospective cohort study.Setting and PopulationA total of 160 women of advanced age (≥35 years) with PCOS and 1073 women with tubal factor infertility were included in our study. All patients underwent their first fresh cycles and subsequent frozen cycles within in one year in our centre from 2015 to 2020.MethodsTo determine independent influencing factors on the CLBRs of these aged patients, a multivariable Cox regression model of CLBR according to the transfer cycle type was constructed. Main outcome measure(s): CLBRs.ResultThe Cox regression model of the CLBRs indicated that there was no significant difference between the PCOS group and the tubal infertility group in terms of advanced age (HR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.71-1.27, P=0.732). The CLBR significantly decreased for women of advanced reproductive age up to 37 years of age (HR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.39-0.56, P&lt;0.001). The CLBR increased by 63% when more than ten oocytes were retrieved (HR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.34-1.98, P&lt;0.001). Patients with an AMH level above 32.13pmol/l were likely to have a 72%(HR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.08-2.73, = 0.023) and 34% (HR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.07-1.68, P=0.010)improvement in CLBR compared to those with an AMH below 7.85pmol/l and 7.85-32.12pmol/l, respectively.ConclusionDespite the higher number of oocytes retrieved in PCOS patients, the reproductive window is not extended for PCOS patients compared with tubal factor infertility patients. Age, AMH and the number of oocytes retrieved play crucial roles in the CLBRs of patients of advanced age (≥35 years).
Study on the Pyrolysis Behaviors of Urea-Formaldehyde Resin and Rice Straw Mixed Pellets
Authors: Li Xiaoteng , Bing Huilin , Luo Siyi , Zhang Weiwei , Zuo Zongliang , Ren Dongdong 
Published: January 2022

In order to study the effect of biomass on the pyrolysis characteristics of urea-formaldehyde resin, the thermogravimetric experiments were carried out respectively using urea-formaldehyde resin (UF), rice straw (RS), and their mixed pellets with different proportions. The pyrolysis kinetics analysis was conducted. The results showed that the pyrolysis process of UF resin and mixed pellets could be divided into three stages: the drying and dehydration of the material, the rapid decomposition of volatile matter, and residue decomposition. The reaction order of UF resin and mixed pellets was discussed using the Coats–Redfern method, the activation energy of UF resin was 54.27 kJ/mol, and this value decreased with the addition of rice straw. As the mass ratio of UF resin to rice straw was 3:1, the activation energy achieved the lowest value, which means that the addition of rice straw was beneficial to the pyrolysis process of UF. In the process of pellet preparation, the falling strength and compressive strength of UF resin pellets can be improved by adding an appropriate proportion of rice straw. In this test, the yield of pyrolytic carbon reached the highest value of 23.93%, as the mass ratio of UF resin to rice straw was 3:2. When the mass ratio was 4:1, the highest liquid product yield of 43.21% was achieved.
Drivers and Seasonal Variability of Redox-Sensitive Metal Chemistry in a Shallow Subterranean Estuary
Authors: O'Connor Alison E. , Canuel Elizabeth A. , Beck Aaron J. 
Published: January 2022

The subterranean estuary (STE) has been historically defined in terms of the mixing of saline and fresh water, in an analogy to surface estuaries. However, redox gradients are also a defining characteristic of the STE and influence its role as a source or sink for metals in the environment. Approaching the STE from a redox-focused biogeochemical perspective (e.g., considering the role of microbial respiration and availability of organic matter) provides the ability to quantify drivers of metal transport across spatial and temporal scales. This study measured the groundwater composition of a shallow STE over 2 years and used multiple linear regression to characterize the influence of salinity and redox chemistry on the behavior of redox-sensitive metals (RSMs) including Mo, U, V, and Cr. Molybdenum and uranium were both supplied to the STE by surface water, but differed in their removal mechanisms and seasonal behavior. Molybdenum showed non-conservative removal by reaction with sulfide in all seasons. Sulfide concentrations at this site were consistently higher than required for quantitative reaction with Mo (10 µM sulfide), evidently leading to quantitative removal at the same depth regardless of season. In contrast, U appeared to depend directly on microbial activity for removal, and showed more extensive removal at shallower depths in summer. Both V and Cr were elevated in meteoric groundwater (2.5–297 nM and 2.6–236 nM, respectively), with higher endmember concentrations in summer. Both V and Cr also showed non-conservative addition within the STE relative to conservative mixing among the observed endmembers. The mobility of V and Cr in the STE, and therefore their supply to the coastal ocean, was controlled by the availability of dissolved organic matter and Fe, suggesting V and Cr were potentially complexed in the colloidal fraction. Complexation by different organic matter pools led to seasonal variations in V but greater interannual variability of Cr. These results reveal distinct behaviors of RSMs in response to seasonal biogeochemical processes that drive microbial activity, organic matter composition, and complexation by inorganic species.
Does the Carbon Emission Trading Policy Promote Foreign Direct Investment?: A Quasi-Experiment From China
Authors: Shao Wei , Yu Xiaobo , Chen Ziqi 
Published: January 2022

As an important policy to promote global energy transition and carbon emission reduction, does the carbon emission trading policy help promote foreign direct investment inflows, thus alleviating the contradiction between environment and economic development? Based on the “OLI paradigm,” by using the data of China’s 30 provinces from 2007 to 2016 and taking China’s pilot implementation carbon emission transaction policy in 2013 as the natural experiment, so as to construct a differences-in-differences model, this study empirically analyzed the impact of carbon emission transaction policies on foreign direct investment and conducted an in-depth analysis and discussion on related heterogeneity. The empirical results show that 1) there is a positive correlation between the carbon emission trading policy and foreign direct investment; 2) the results of heterogeneity analysis show that the effect of carbon emission trading policy on the increase in FDI is more significant in the areas with a stronger environmental regulation, a higher degree of marketization, and low energy consumption. The conclusions of this study enrich the analysis of the effectiveness of government environmental policies from the perspective of both environment and economic development and provide relevant policy enlightenment for developing countries in environmental regulation and attracting foreign direct investment.Systematic Review Registration: [website], identifier [registration number].
A Computational Framework to Identify Biomarkers for Glioma Recurrence and Potential Drugs Targeting Them
Authors: Ma Shuzhi , Guo Zhen , Wang Bo , Yang Min , Yuan Xuelian , Ji Binbin , Wu Yan , Chen Size 
Published: January 2022

Background: Recurrence is still a major obstacle to the successful treatment of gliomas. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of recurrence may help for developing new drugs to combat gliomas recurrence. This study provides a strategy to discover new drugs for recurrent gliomas based on drug perturbation induced gene expression changes.Methods: The RNA-seq data of 511 low grade gliomas primary tumor samples (LGG-P), 18 low grade gliomas recurrent tumor samples (LGG-R), 155 glioblastoma multiforme primary tumor samples (GBM-P), and 13 glioblastoma multiforme recurrent tumor samples (GBM-R) were downloaded from TCGA database. DESeq2, key driver analysis and weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) were conducted to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs), key driver genes and coexpression networks between LGG-P vs LGG-R, GBM-P vs GBM-R pairs. Then, the CREEDS database was used to find potential drugs that could reverse the DEGs and key drivers.Results: We identified 75 upregulated and 130 downregulated genes between LGG-P and LGG-R samples, which were mainly enriched in human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, and ECM-receptor interaction. A total of 262 key driver genes were obtained with frizzled class receptor 8 (FZD8), guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit gamma-12 (GNG12), and G protein subunit β2 (GNB2) as the top hub genes. By screening the CREEDS database, we got 4 drugs (Paclitaxel, 6-benzyladenine, Erlotinib, Cidofovir) that could downregulate the expression of up-regulated genes and 5 drugs (Fenofibrate, Oxaliplatin, Bilirubin, Nutlins, Valproic acid) that could upregulate the expression of down-regulated genes. These drugs may have a potential in combating recurrence of gliomas.Conclusion: We proposed a time-saving strategy based on drug perturbation induced gene expression changes to find new drugs that may have a potential to treat recurrent gliomas.
B- and T-Cell Responses After SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis Receiving Disease Modifying Therapies: Immunological Patterns and Clinical Implications
Authors: Iannetta Marco , Landi Doriana , Cola Gaia , Campogiani Laura , Malagnino Vincenzo , Teti Elisabetta , Coppola Luigi , Di Lorenzo Andrea , Fraboni Daniela , Buccisano Francesco , Grelli Sandro , Mozzani Marcello , Zingaropoli Maria Antonella , Ciardi Maria Rosa , Nisini Roberto , Bernardini Sergio , Andreoni Massimo , Marfia Girolama Alessandra , Sarmati Loredana 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundVaccination campaign to contrast the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has raised the issue of vaccine immunogenicity in special populations such as people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) on highly effective disease modifying treatments (DMTs). While humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines have been well characterized in the general population and in PwMS, very little is known about cell-mediated responses in conferring protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19).MethodsPwMS on ocrelizumab, fingolimod or natalizumab, vaccinated with two doses of mRNABNT162b2 (Comirnaty®) vaccine were enrolled. Anti-Spike (S) and anti-Nucleoprotein (N) antibody titers, IFN-gamma production upon S and N peptide libraries stimulation, peripheral blood lymphocyte absolute counts were assessed after at least 1 month and within 4 months from vaccine second dose administration. A group of age and sex matched healthy donors (HD) were included as reference group. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism 8.2.1.ResultsThirty PwMS and 9 HDs were enrolled. All the patients were negative for anti-N antibody detection, nor reported previous symptoms of COVID-19. Peripheral blood lymphocyte counts were assessed in PwMS showing: (i) reduction of circulating B-lymphocytes in PwMS on ocrelizumab; (ii) reduction of peripheral blood B- and T-lymphocyte absolute counts in PwMS on fingolimod and (iii) normal B- and T-lymphocyte absolute counts with an increase in circulating CD16+CD56+ NK-cells in PwMS on natalizumab. Three patterns of immunological responses were identified in PwMS. In patients on ocrelizumab, anti-S antibody were lacking or reduced, while T-cell responses were normal. In patients on fingolimod both anti-S titers and T-cell mediated responses were impaired. In patients on natalizumab both anti-S titers and T-cell responses were present and comparable to those observed in HD.ConclusionsThe evaluation of T-cell responses, anti-S titers and peripheral blood lymphocyte absolute count in PwMS on DMTs can help to better characterize the immunological response after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. The evaluation of T-cell responses in longitudinal cohorts of PwMS will help to clarify their protective role in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19. The correlation between DMT treatment and immunological responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines could help to better evaluate vaccination strategies in PwMS.
Merging NMR Data and Computation Facilitates Data-Centered Research
Authors: Baskaran Kumaran , Craft D. Levi , Eghbalnia Hamid R. , Gryk Michael R. , Hoch Jeffrey C. , Maciejewski Mark W. , Schuyler Adam D. , Wedell Jonathan R. , Wilburn Colin W. 
Published: January 2022

The Biological Magnetic Resonance Data Bank (BMRB) has served the NMR structural biology community for 40 years, and has been instrumental in the development of many widely-used tools. It fosters the reuse of data resources in structural biology by embodying the FAIR data principles (Findable, Accessible, Inter-operable, and Re-usable). NMRbox is less than a decade old, but complements BMRB by providing NMR software and high-performance computing resources, facilitating the reuse of software resources. BMRB and NMRbox both facilitate reproducible research. NMRbox also fosters the development and deployment of complex meta-software. Combining BMRB and NMRbox helps speed and simplify workflows that utilize BMRB, and enables facile federation of BMRB with other data repositories. Utilization of BMRB and NMRbox in tandem will enable additional advances, such as machine learning, that are poised to become increasingly powerful.