bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intrinsic Capacity of Rural Elderly in Thar Desert using WHO ICOPE (Integrated Care for Older Persons) Screening Tool: A Pilot Study
Authors: Mathur Arvind , Bhardwaj Pankaj , Joshi Nitin Kumar , Jain Yogesh Kumar , Singh Kuldeep 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionICOPE (Integrated Care for Older Persons) screening tool helps to address declines in physical and mental capacities in older people. In India majority of the older population resides in rural areas and there is a paucity of studies that demonstrates the utility of the ICOPE screening tool in India. Thus, this study was conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of using WHO ICOPE screening tool in a rural population.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in the two villages of Jodhpur. WHO ICOPE screening was done for a comprehensive geriatric assessment of intrinsic capacity by determining cognitive decline, the decline in mobility, malnutrition, sensory loss, depressive symptoms, health risks, social care, and support. Additionally, demographic details and information about health conditions were gathered.ResultA total 451 participants (Male=54.5% and Female= 45.5%) surveyed. The mean age was 68.36 (SD=7.73) years and the majority of participants (68.3%) were illiterate. Most of the elderly have good families and lived with their children. Cognitive decline was found to be prevalent in 31.5% (n=142) of the participants, while mobility was diminished in 52.1% (n=235) participants. Eye problems were observed in 49.4% (n=223) participants, while 68.3% (n=308) were observed to be suffering from hearing loss. Limitation in mobility observed with the chair rise test and feeling of pain was found to be significantly associated with gender difference, with more limitation in females than males (p = 0.005; χ2 = 7.95) and more pain felt by females than males (p = 0.001; χ2 = 15.64).ConclusionThis tool seems suitable in identifying the intrinsic capacity of the rural elderly.
Trends in pregnancy-associated cervical cancer in Japan between 2012 and 2017: A multicenter survey
Authors: Enomoto Sayako , Yoshihara Kosuke , Kondo Eiji , Iwata Akiko , Tanaka Mamoru , Tabata Tsutomu , Kudo Yoshiki , Kondoh Eiji , Mandai Masaki , Sugiyama Takashi , Okamoto Aikou , Saito Tsuyoshi , Enomoto Takayuki , Ikeda Tomoaki 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLarge-scale data on maternal and neonatal outcomes of pregnancy-associated cervical cancer in Japan are scarce, and treatment strategies have not been established. We conducted this multicenter retrospective observational study at 523 secondary/tertiary care hospitals in Japan to investigate the clinical features and trends in pregnancy-related cervical cancer treatments. We collected data for 290 patients with pregnancy-associated cervical cancer (during pregnancy, n=203; postpartum, n=87) diagnosed between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2017. Of the 40 patients diagnosed at ≥22 gestational weeks, 34 (85.0%) were carefully followed until delivery without intervention. Of the 163 patients diagnosed at <22 gestational weeks, 111 and 52 patients continued and terminated their pregnancies, respectively. Although the termination rate increased with cervical cancer stage, 90 patients with stage IB1 disease had a variety of treatment options, including termination of pregnancy. When we divided the 59 stage IB1 patients who continued their pregnancy into four groups based on the primary treatment (strict follow-up, conization, trachelectomy, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy), there were no significant differences in progression-free or overall survival. The percentile of birth weight at delivery was smaller in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group than in the strict follow-up group (P =.02). The full-term delivery rate was relatively higher in the trachelectomy group (35%) than in the other groups. In conclusion, treatment decisions, including pregnancy termination for pregnancy-associated cervical cancer, should be made after estimating the stage, with careful consideration of both maternal and fetal benefits. These findings will help in developing treatment guidelines for pregnancy-associated cervical cancer.
SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination fails to elicit humoral and cellular immune responses in multiple sclerosis patients receiving fingolimod
Authors: Meyer-Arndt Lil , Braun Julian , Fauchere Florent , Vanshylla Kanika , Loyal Lucie , Henze Larissa , Kruse Beate , Dingeldey Manuela , Jürchott Karsten , Mangold Maike , Maraj Ardit , Braginets Andre , Böttcher Chotima , Nitsche Andreas , de la Rosa Kathrin , Ratswohl Christoph , Sawitzki Birgit , Holenya Pavlo , Reimer Ulf , Sander Leif E. , Klein Florian , Paul Friedemann , Bellmann-Strobl Judith , Thiel Andreas , Giesecke-Thiel Claudia 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination of healthy individuals is highly immunogenic and protective against severe COVID-19. However, there are limited data on how disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) alter SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine immunogenicity in patients with autoimmune diseases. Here we investigated the induction and stability of vaccine-specific antibodies, B cells, and T cells in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients on different DMTs in a prospective cohort study up to 6 months after homologous prime-boost mRNA vaccination. We analysed 103 MS patients of which 86 received anti-CD20-based B cell depletion (aCD20-BCD), fingolimod, interferon-β, dimethyl fumarate, glatiramer acetate, teriflunomide or natalizumab, and compared them to 17 untreated MS patients. In contrast to all other DMTs and untreated patients, treatment with aCD20-BCD or fingolimod significantly reduced anti-S1 IgG, serum neutralizing activity, and RBD- and S2-specific B cells. MS patients receiving fingolimod additionally lacked S1- and S2-reactive CD4+ T cell responses. The duration of fingolimod treatment, rather than peripheral blood B and T cell counts prior to vaccination, determined whether patients successfully developed humoral immune responses. Fingolimod blocks the ability of immune cells to recirculate and migrate within secondary lymphoid organs demonstrating that functional immune responses require not only immune cells themselves but also access of these cells to the site of inoculation and their unimpeded movement. The absence of humoral and T cell responses in fingolimod-treated MS patients suggests that these patients are at risk for severe SARS-CoV-2 infections despite vaccination, which is highly relevant for clinical decision-making and adapted protective measures, particularly in light of additional recently approved S1P receptor antagonists for MS treatment.
Preclinical Efficacy in Investigator’s Brochures: Stakeholders’ views on measures to improve Completeness and Robustness
Authors: Haslberger Martin , Schorr Susanne Gabriele , Strech Daniel , Haven Tamarinde 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTResearch ethics committees (RECs) and regulatory agencies assess whether the benefits of a proposed early-stage clinical trial outweigh the risks based on preclinical studies reported in investigator’s brochures (IBs). Recent studies have indicated that preclinical evidence presented in IBs is reported in a way that does not enable proper risk-benefit assessment. We interviewed different stakeholders (regulators, REC members, industry representatives, preclinical and clinical researchers, ethicists, and metaresearchers) about their views on measures to increase the completeness and robustness of preclinical evidence reporting in IBs.This study was preregistered (https://osf.io/nvzwy/). We used purposive sampling and invited stakeholders to participate in an online semistructured interview between March and June 2021. The themes were derived using inductive content analysis. We used a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) matrix to categorize our findings.Twenty-seven international stakeholders participated. The interviewees pointed to several strengths and opportunities to improve completeness and robustness, mainly more transparent and systematic justifications of the inclusion of studies. However, weaknesses and threats were mentioned that could undermine efforts to enable more thorough assessment: The interviewees stressed that current review practices are sufficient to ensure the safe conduct of first-in-human trials. They feared that changes to the IB structure or review process could overburden stakeholders and slow drug development.In principle, having more robust decision-making processes in place aligns with the interests of all stakeholders and with many current initiatives to increase the translatability of preclinical research and limit uninformative or ill-justified trials early in the development process. Further research should investigate measures that could be implemented to benefit all stakeholders.
Interscapular fat is associated with impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance independent of visceral fat mass
Authors: Vosseler Andreas , Machann Jürgen , Fritsche Louise , Kübler Christian , Häring Hans-Ulrich , Birkenfeld Andreas L. , Stefan Norbert , Peter Andreas , Fritsche Andreas , Wagner Robert , Heni Martin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDysregulated body fat distribution is a major determinant of various diseases. Adipose tissue in different localizations of the body appear to have protective or detrimental properties. Particularly increased visceral fat mass and ectopic lipids in the liver are linked to metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, interscapular fat is considered to be a non-classical, but metabolically active, fat compartment.In this study, we measured interscapular fat mass and investigated its relationship with glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion in 822 subjects with a wide range of body mass index (BMI) and different glucose tolerance status. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to quantify body fat depots and an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed to determine glucose metabolism.Elevated interscapular fat mass was positively associated with age, BMI, total body, visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue mass. High interscapular fat mass associated with elevated fasting glucose levels, glucose levels at 2 hours during the OGTT, glycated hemoglobin, as well as with insulin resistance, independently of sex, age, total body and visceral fat mass.In conclusion, interscapular fat might be a highly specific fat compartment with potential impact on glucose metabolism and the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. Since this depot is assessible by ultrasound, it could represent a feasible target to quantify metabolic risk in the future.
OCTA observation of changes in macular vessel density in diabetic patients and its correlation with diabetic retinopathy staging : A cross-sectional study
Authors: Yu Deng , Chuanhong Jie , Jianwei Wang , Ziqiang Liu , Yuanyuan Li 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the association between disease progression and OCTA vessel density and other indices in patients with diabetic retinopathy.MethodsParticipants were selected with the following criteria: 63 patients (100 eyes) diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, which included 44 patients (72 eyes) with diabetic retinopathy and 19 patients (28 eyes) with type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-diabetic retinopathy (NDR), who were seen at the Eye Hospital China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from September 2020 to July 2021. All patients underwent OCTA examination, and FAZ, PERIM, AI, FD, SVD, DVD and other indices were counted.Results(1) The correlation coefficients of SVD, paracentric SVD, DVD, paracentric DVD and DR processes were: -0.525, -0.586, -0.323, and -0.424 (P< 0.05), respectively, and all were moderately negatively correlated. (2) The correlation coefficients of FAZ and PERIM with DR process were: -0.031, 0.084 (P>0.05), respectively, and not correlated. The correlation coefficients of AI and FD with DR process were: 0.307, −0.459 (P<0.05), and with moderate positive and negative correlations, respectively. (3) The correlation coefficients of FAZ, PERIM, AI and FD with age were: -0.124, -0.052, 0.113, -0.170 (P>0.05), and no correlation, respectively.ConclusionThe disease progression of DR was moderately correlated with OCTA superficial vessel density and deep vessel density; and moderately correlated with AI and FD. OCTA could assist in the assessment of DR disease progression.
Industry 4.0 oriented predictive analytics of cardiovascular diseases using machine learning, hyperparameter tuning and ensemble techniques
Authors: Ahamed Jameel , Mir Roohie Naaz , Chishti Mohammad Ahsan 
Published: February 2022

Purpose
The world is shifting towards the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0), symbolising the move to digital, fully automated habitats and cyber-physical systems. Industry 4.0 consists of innovative ideas and techniques in almost all sectors, including Smart health care, which recommends technologies and mechanisms for early prediction of life-threatening diseases. Cardiovascular disease (CVD), which includes stroke, is one of the world’s leading causes of sickness and deaths. As per the American Heart Association, CVDs are a leading cause of death globally, and it is believed that COVID-19 also influenced the health of cardiovascular and the number of patients increases as a result. Early detection of such diseases is one of the solutions for a lower mortality rate. In this work, early prediction models for CVDs are developed with the help of machine learning (ML), a form of artificial intelligence that allows computers to learn and improve on their own without requiring to be explicitly programmed.

Design/methodology/approach
The proposed CVD prediction models are implemented with the help of ML techniques, namely, decision tree, random forest, k-nearest neighbours, support vector machine, logistic regression, AdaBoost and gradient boosting. To mitigate the effect of over-fitting and under-fitting problems, hyperparameter optimisation techniques are used to develop efficient disease prediction models. Furthermore, the ensemble technique using soft voting is also used to gain more insight into the data set and accurate prediction models.

Findings
The models were developed to help the health-care providers with the early diagnosis and prediction of heart disease patients, reducing the risk of developing severe diseases. The created heart disease risk evaluation model is built on the Jupyter Notebook Web application, and its performance is calculated using unbiased indicators such as true positive rate, true negative rate, accuracy, precision, misclassification rate, area under the ROC curve and cross-validation approach. The results revealed that the ensemble heart disease model outperforms the other proposed and implemented models.

Originality/value
The proposed and developed CVD prediction models aims at predicting CVDs at an early stage, thereby taking prevention and precautionary measures at a very early stage of the disease to abate the predictive maintenance as recommended in Industry 4.0. Prediction models are developed on algorithms’ default values, hyperparameter optimisations and ensemble techniques.
Assessing community awareness for participatory conservation of cultural heritage: the case of Tepebağ Tumulus and its surroundings in Adana Turkey
Authors: Umar Nur , Yüceer Hülya , Aydın Rozelin 
Published: February 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the levels of awareness of locals about conservation and cultural heritage, in order to develop suggestions and methods for them to participate in these processes.Design/methodology/approachThe method of research is based on face-to-face surveys, mainly questionnaires that were conducted with 1,200 local people. The data obtained was evaluated using the SPSS 25.0.0 V program.FindingsThe results show that locals mainly find appropriate the assets that reflect their culture but disregard archaeological remains. The participation of locals in the conservation process will end up benefiting them economically.Social implicationsIt is currently accepted that effective conservation cannot be achieved unless its technical considerations are considered together with social and cultural aspects. Ensuring the participation of local people in the conservation process has proved to be important in the development of holistic and sustainable outcomes. In places, where multilayered cultural heritage exists and local residents are from different cultural backgrounds, a detailed assessment of cultural heritage perception that involves local people gains significance.Originality/valueIt is project-based in the sense of adding the dimension of community awareness to the practice of cultural heritage conservation in the multilayered and multicultural places.
Enhanced water dispersibility and Caco‐2 cell monolayer permeability of quercetin by complexation with casein hydrolysate
Authors: Inada Asuka , Sawao Ayane , Takahashi Koki , Oshima Tatsuya 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAlthough quercetin (Que) has many beneficial therapeutic effects on the human body, its oral bioavailability is poor because of its low water solubility. Herein, we describe the preparation of casein hydrolysate (Pepcas) and its use as a dispersant to enhance the water dispersibility of Que resulting in an improvement of its bioavailability. By complexation with Pepcas, the apparent solubility of Que in the complex (Que@Pepcas) was significantly increased under acidic and neutral conditions. Que@Pepcas was pre‐digested in vitro using a simulated digestive juice, and a Caco‐2 cell monolayer permeation assay was performed to evaluate the oral bioavailability of Que. The cumulative amount of Que that permeated the monolayer using Que@Pepcas after 8, 16, and 24 h was increased compared with a blank sample (Que@Blank), and the apparent permeation coefficient Papp of Que@Pepcas was approximately 2.6‐fold better than that of Que@Blank.Practical ApplicationPepcas can be used as a high absorption supplement and food additive, and our Pepcas complexation technique should be widely applicable to not only Que but also to other poorly water‐soluble substances.
Perceptions, concerns and reported behaviours in response to the first wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic across metropolitan, regional, rural and remote Australian communities
Authors: Argus Geoff , Walker Clara , Baratiny Genevieve , Cotter Nicola , Fallon Tony 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate coronavirus disease 2019 community transmission concerns and adherence to social distancing and hygiene practices across metropolitan, regional, rural and remote areas in Australia.DesignCross‐sectional online survey of Australian adults conducted between April and May 2020 through convenience snowball sampling.SettingA range of locations across all states and territories of Australia.ParticipantsSix hundred and seventy‐seven Australian adults, of which 78.8% lived outside of a metropolitan area.Main outcome measuresPerceived threat of coronavirus disease 2019; social distancing guidelines and adherence; infection concerns; hygiene practices; frequency of leaving the house; impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on day‐to‐day life.ResultsAlmost all respondents perceived the threat of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic was serious. There were high levels of support for the Australian Government's social distancing guidelines, although the perception that social distancing guidelines in participants’ communities were ‘too strict’ increased with remoteness area classification. Most respondents reported adherence with Australian Government social distancing guidelines. There was an association between remoteness and risk perception, with non‐metropolitan respondents more likely to feel safe when leaving the house. However, there was no association between geographical remoteness and self‐reported adherence with Australian Government social distancing guidelines.ConclusionsThis study provides an important initial insight into Australian perceptions and behaviours relating to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, and how perceptions and behaviours varied by geographical remoteness. The geographical remoteness of communities should be considered by policy makers to ensure effective communication with the Australian public regarding coronavirus disease 2019 and ongoing adherence with preventative health behaviours.
Delayed presentation of a post‐traumatic large right diaphragmatic hernia displacing liver and gallbladder – A case report
Authors: Jain Nikunj , Raju Bhanu Prakash , Dhanda Sourabh , Johri Vishwas , Reddy Prasanna Kumar , Jameel Jainudeen Khalander Abdul 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBlunt or penetrating trauma resulting in injury or rupture of the diaphragm is rare and constitutes about 1% to 3.9% of all thoraco‐abdominal injuries. It is often regarded as a marker of severe trauma. Unfortunately about half of these injuries can be missed during the index admission. Contrast‐enhanced computed tomography is the best modality to assess the extent, size of diaphragmatic defect and nature of hernial contents. Surgery is mandatory once the diagnosis is made to prevent future strangulation of hernial contents. Although technically challenging, laparoscopic reduction and mesh repair is feasible in expert hands. We report our experience with laparoscopic repair and mesh re‐enforcement in a patient who had a large right diaphragmatic hernia with part of liver, gallbladder, small bowel and omentum within the right hemithorax secondary to a penetrating trauma he had incurred 29 years earlier.
Payment is a benefit and why it matters for pediatric trials
Authors: Steel Robert 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAlan Wertheimer has argued persuasively that research ethics committees should be willing to count payment as a benefit when evaluating studies' risk–benefit ratios. In this paper, I begin by first recapitulating his argument and adding my own, complementary one. I then do two further things. First, I explain why the practical implications of these arguments for studies enrolling competent adults are less than fully clear. Second, I explain why the practical implication for trials enrolling children are clear and significant. I argue that we should be comfortable paying children to compensate them for undergoing research risks. I propose we do so by putting money into accounts that the child gains access to upon attaining majority.
Limonene and linalool hydroperoxides review: Pros and cons for routine patch testing
Authors: Ogueta Isabel A , Brared Christensson Johanna , Giménez‐Arnau Elena , Brans Richard , Wilkinson Mark , Stingeni Luca , Foti Caterina , Aerts Olivier , Svedman Cecilia , Gonçalo Margarida , Giménez‐Arnau Ana 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLimonene and linalool are among the most common fragrance terpenes used in everyday products. They are pre‐haptens, forming hydroperoxides (Lim‐OOHs, Lin‐OOHs) upon oxidation and inducing frequent positive patch test reactions in patients with dermatitis, and yet they are not routinely tested in Europe. This review evaluates current patch testing with Lim‐OOHs and Lin‐OOHs by asking whether hydroperoxide patch testing is warranted, examining the difficulties or challenges related to reading and interpreting hydroperoxide patch test results with currently available material, and assessing their relevance. Studies are increasingly pointing to high percentages of positive reactions in patients consecutively patch tested with these oxidized products. An association between a positive clinical history and a strong patch test reaction has been described, but problems with doubtful/irritant reactions have also been reported. Considering the high frequency of relevant positive reactions, the incorporation of Lim‐OOHs 0.3% and Lin‐OOHs 1% in the baseline series may be justified. Since exposure, sensitization, and elicitation limits of Lim‐OOHs and Lin‐OOHs in the products still need to be better determined, an assessment of previous exposure, possible sensitizations, and reactions may help to improve the clinical assessment.