bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emerging treatment strategies in wound care
Authors: Mirhaj Marjan , Labbaf Sheyda , Tavakoli Mohamadreza , Seifalian Alexander Marcus 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWound healing is a complex process in tissue regeneration through which the body responds to the dissipated cells as a result of any kind of severe injury. Diabetic and non‐healing wounds are considered an unmet clinical need. Currently, different strategic approaches are widely used in the treatment of acute and chronic wounds which include, but are not limited to, tissue transplantation, cell therapy and wound dressings, and the use of an instrument. A large number of literatures have been published on this topic; however, the most effective clinical treatment remains a challenge. The wound dressing involves the use of a scaffold, usually using biomaterials for the delivery of medication, autologous stem cells, or growth factors from the blood. Antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory drugs are also used to stop the infection as well as accelerate wound healing. With an increase in the ageing population leading to diabetes and associated cutaneous wounds, there is a great need to improve the current treatment strategies. This research critically reviews the current advancement in the therapeutic and clinical approaches for wound healing and tissue regeneration. The results of recent clinical trials suggest that the use of modern dressings and skin substitutes is the easiest, most accessible, and most cost‐effective way to treat chronic wounds with advances in materials science such as graphene as 3D scaffold and biomolecules hold significant promise. The annual market value for successful wound treatment exceeds over $50 billion US dollars, and this will encourage industries as well as academics to investigate the application of emerging smart materials for modern dressings and skin substitutes for wound therapy.
Association between angiopoietin‐2 and functional cardiac remodeling in hemodialysis patients with normal left ventricular ejection
Authors: de Oliveira Ana Aécia Alexandrino , de Oliveira Thaís Alexandrino , de Oliveira Larissa Alexandrino , Meneses Gdayllon Cavalcante , Bezerra Gabriela Freire , Martins Alice Maria Costa , Libório Alexandre Braga 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCardiac remodeling is the initial process in heart failure development. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between endothelium‐related biomarkers and cardiac remodeling in hemodialysis (HD) patients and how the presence of high blood pressure and diabetes mellitus modulates these associations. This was a cross‐sectional study with adult HD and normal left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction—LVEF—patients. The authors correlated several endothelium‐related biomarkers with echocardiographic indices—LV mass index (LVMi), LVEF, global longitudinal strain, mitral E/e’, and aortic root diameter. Seventy‐one patients were included, with 37 women (52.1%) and mean age of 54.3 ± 16.8 years. Angiopoietin‐2 (AGPT2) was inversely correlated with global longitudinal strain (r = ‐.374, p = .001) and directly with E/e’ (r = .265, p = .025). After adjustment, only AGPT2 was significantly associated with global longitudinal strain. blood pressure and diabetes mellitus were independent moderators for the AGPT2 and global longitudinal strain association. The conditional association was significant only when the mean pre‐HD blood pressure was above 97.5 mmHg or in diabetes mellitus patients. Finally, there was an interaction between diabetes mellitus and blood pressure when moderating the conditional effect of AGPT2 on global longitudinal strain. While in non‐diabetic patients, the association between AGPT2 with global longitudinal strain was significant only with pre‐HD blood pressure levels as high as 110 mmHg, in diabetic patients, this association was significant with pre‐HD blood pressure as low as 90 mmHg. Higher levels of AGPT2 were associated with worse cardiac function as determined by lower global longitudinal strain values. This association was moderated by blood pressure and diabetes mellitus, suggesting that the effects of AGPT2 on cardiac remodeling is dependent of such circumstances.
Prevalence and associated factors of depression and anxiety symptoms among college students: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Li Wenzhen , Zhao Zhiya , Chen Dajie , Peng Ying , Lu Zuxun 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundTo evaluate the global prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms among college students and potential associated factors.MethodsPubMed and Web of Science were searched from their inception to March 28, 2021. Random‐effects models were used to calculate the pooled prevalence of depression and anxiety. Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore potential heterogeneity. Egger’s and Begg’s test were used to assess publication bias.ResultsA total of 64 studies with 100,187 individuals were included in the present meta‐analysis. The pooled prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms among college students was 33.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 29.3%–37.8%) and 39.0% (95% CI, 34.6%–43.4%), respectively. The highest prevalence of depression symptoms was found in Africa region (40.1%, 95% CI 12.3–67.9%), lower middle‐income countries (42.5%, 95% CI 28.6–56.3%), and medical college students (39.4%, 95% CI 29.3–49.6%). For the prevalence of anxiety symptoms, the highest was observed in North America (48.3%, 95% CI 37.4–59.2%), lower middle‐income countries (54.2%, 95% CI 35.0–73.4%), medical college students (47.1%, 95% CI 35.1–59.1%) and identified by Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) (49.1%, 95% CI 31.0–43.0%). Besides, the prevalence of depression symptoms (35.9%, 95% CI 20.2–51.7%) and anxiety symptoms (40.7%, 95% CI 39.5–42.0%) was higher in studies conducted after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) outbreak.ConclusionsOur study suggests that a lot of college students experience depression and anxiety symptoms and clarifies factors that are related to these mental disorders. Effective prevention and intervention strategies for mental disorders should be developed among college students.
Size matters? Species‐ and size‐specific fish predation on recently established invasive quagga mussels Dreissena rostriformis bugensis Andrusov 1897 in a large, deep oligotrophic lake
Authors: Baer Jan , Spiessl Christina , Brinker Alexander 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSince its first appearance in Lake Constance in 2016 the invasive quagga mussel Dreissena rostriformis bugensis has come to dominate the mussel community and now occurs in hyperabundant densities over the whole lake bottom. A lake‐wide field study was conducted between 2019 and 2020 to obtain a systematic insight into the importance of this novel source of potential prey for the native fish community. In total 664 fish of 20 different species were caught and their digestive tracts were analysed. Meanwhile, quagga mussels were sampled to assess their calorific energy value by size and season. Regressions of septum length on maximum valve length were used to evaluate size‐specific mussel consumption by the three dominant quagga‐eating fish species. The study shows that nearly all benthivorous fish are able to forage efficiently on quaggas. However, in the case of one keystone species with very high commercial interest, the benthic whitefish Coregonus spp., quagga consumption is more limited as only individuals larger than 35 cm consumed quaggas in relevant amounts. The energy content of quagga mussels is positively size dependent with seasonal effect and elevated values during summer for medium‐ and large‐sized mussels. Even at its peak, the calorific value of quaggas by weight is much lower than that of endemic aquatic invertebrates, while single mass is high. Future implications for fish stocks, food web integrity and possible fishery management options are discussed.
Echoencephalography of encephalopathy due to congenital lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus
Authors: Sharma Kamal , Singhapakdi Kanya , Maertens Paul 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCongenital lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection is a transient intrauterine viral infection with selective teratogenicity depending on the timing of the primary maternal infection. LCMV is cleared from the body of the fetus after the acute phase of illness and, in most cases, has lost its virulence at the time of birth. LCMV competes with extracellular matrix proteins for its tropism toward heavily glycosylated alpha‐dystroglycan. In the first trimester, while tropism toward heart myoblasts is high, intrauterine infection (IUI) can lead to miscarriage or fetal demise. Later in pregnancy, LCMV becomes neurotropic with tropism toward retina and brain. Most often systemic symptoms are subtle or absent at the time of birth. The timing of the IUI determines the neuroteratogenic phenotypes of congenital LCMV infection. IUI that occurs early during gestation can lead to isolated cerebellar dysgenesis and hypoplasia. When IUI occurs during neural radial migration, echoencephalography shows defective cerebral opercularization, intracranial calcifications at the gray‐white matter junction, enlarged extra‐axial subarachnoid space, and cortical dysplasia. When IUI occurs after the completion of insular opercularization (late second trimester), echoencephalography shows extensive cystic periventricular leukomalacia with bi‐occipital porencephaly and mild defects in gyrogenesis. A late gestation IUI induces aseptic LCMV meningitis with occlusion of the aqueduct of Sylvius, leading to congenital obstructive hydrocephalus. Congenital LCMV remains underdiagnosed as clinical manifestations are predominantly neurologic. As echoencephalography remains the preferred screening strategy for detecting neonatal central nervous system pathology, prior knowledge of echoencephalography of congenital LCMV may facilitate its recognition, prompting a serological evaluation.
CERK1, more than a co‐receptor in plant–microbe interactions
Authors: Yang Chao , Wang Ertao , Liu Jun 
Published: March 2022

SummaryCERK1 (Chitin Elicitor Receptor Kinase 1), a lysin motif‐containing pattern recognition receptor (PRR), perceives chitooligosaccharides (COs) to mount immune and symbiotic responses. However, CERK1, for a relatively long time, has been regarded as a co‐receptor in plant immunity, mainly due to its lack of high binding affinity to known elicitors. Recent studies demonstrated several novel carbohydrates as ligands of CERK1 in different plant species and recognized CERK1 as a key receptor in plant immunity and symbiosis. This review summarizes recent knowledge acquired on the role of CERK1 in plant–microbe interactions.
Rising CO2 and warming reduce global canopy demand for nitrogen
Authors: Dong Ning , Wright Ian J. , Chen Jing M. , Luo Xiangzhong , Wang Han , Keenan Trevor F. , Smith Nicholas G. , Prentice Iain Colin 
Published: March 2022

SummaryNitrogen (N) limitation has been considered as a constraint on terrestrial carbon uptake in response to rising CO2 and climate change. By extension, it has been suggested that declining carboxylation capacity (Vcmax) and leaf N content in enhanced‐CO2 experiments and satellite records signify increasing N limitation of primary production. We predicted Vcmax using the coordination hypothesis and estimated changes in leaf‐level photosynthetic N for 1982–2016 assuming proportionality with leaf‐level Vcmax at 25°C. The whole‐canopy photosynthetic N was derived using satellite‐based leaf area index (LAI) data and an empirical extinction coefficient for Vcmax, and converted to annual N demand using estimated leaf turnover times. The predicted spatial pattern of Vcmax shares key features with an independent reconstruction from remotely sensed leaf chlorophyll content. Predicted leaf photosynthetic N declined by 0.27% yr−1, while observed leaf (total) N declined by 0.2–0.25% yr−1. Predicted global canopy N (and N demand) declined from 1996 onwards, despite increasing LAI. Leaf‐level responses to rising CO2, and to a lesser extent temperature, may have reduced the canopy requirement for N by more than rising LAI has increased it. This finding provides an alternative explanation for declining leaf N that does not depend on increasing N limitation.
Dynamics between Regional Sex Ratios at Birth and Sex Ratios at Prime Marriageable Ages in China
Authors: Xiong Wanru 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFollowing the homeostatic principle in demography and the notion of a sex ratio transition, I propose a self‐corrective mechanism to describe the dynamics of regional sex ratios in China. The mechanism consists of two pathways: (1) internal migration redistributes men and women across regions in a way that reduces highly skewed regional sex ratios at prime marriageable ages (SRM); and (2) a competitive marriage market for men reduces parental incentives for son‐biased sex selection, thus lowering sex ratios at birth (SRB). The mechanism suggests several hypotheses about the dynamics between regional SRBs and SRMs. I test these hypotheses using prefecture‐level sex ratios in four Chinese population censuses from 1982 to 2010. I use regression analyses that control for prefectural demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. Results show that prefectures with higher SRBs in 1982 and 1990 experienced a greater decline in sex ratios of residents when the birth cohort reached marriageable ages in 2000 and 2010, respectively, resulting in a weak correlation between SRBs and subsequent SRMs in the same prefecture. Prefectural SRBs in 2000 and 2010 were negatively correlated with contemporary SRMs—a one‐unit higher prefectural SRM was associated with an approximately 0.3‐unit lower SRB in 2000 and 0.2‐unit lower SRB in 2010. Changes in prefectural SRBs between 1990 and 2010 are negatively correlated with changes in SRMs during the same period. The empirical findings are consistent with the implications of the proposed self‐corrective mechanism, suggesting that sex ratios may be subject to homeostatic forces within the population system.
High‐throughput phenotyping reveals differential transpiration behaviour within the banana wild relatives highlighting diversity in drought tolerance
Authors: Eyland David , Luchaire Nathalie , Cabrera‐Bosquet Llorenç , Parent Boris , Janssens Steven B. , Swennen Rony , Welcker Claude , Tardieu François , Carpentier Sebastien C. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCrop wild relatives, the closely related species of crops, may harbour potentially important sources of new allelic diversity for (a)biotic tolerance or resistance. However, to date, wild diversity is only poorly characterized and evaluated. Banana has a large wild diversity but only a narrow proportion is currently used in breeding programmes. The main objective of this study was to evaluate genotype‐dependent transpiration responses in relation to the environment. By applying continuous high‐throughput phenotyping, we were able to construct genotype‐specific transpiration response models in relation to light, VPD and soil water potential. We characterized and evaluated six (sub)species and discerned four phenotypic clusters. Significant differences were observed in leaf area, cumulative transpiration and transpiration efficiency. We confirmed a general stomatal‐driven ‘isohydric’ drought avoidance behaviour, but discovered genotypic differences in the onset and intensity of stomatal closure. We pinpointed crucial genotype‐specific soil water potentials when drought avoidance mechanisms were initiated and when stress kicked in. Differences between (sub)species were dependent on environmental conditions, illustrating the need for high‐throughput dynamic phenotyping, modelling and validation. We conclude that the banana wild relatives contain useful drought tolerance traits, emphasising the importance of their conservation and potential for use in breeding programmes.
Solitary cutaneous infantile myofibroma as a hallmark of myofibromatosis: Two cases and review of the literature
Authors: Braun Mitchell , Pascual Micah , Mully Thaddeus , Phelps Andrew , Prok Lori , Shah Sonal D. , Kohn Lucinda L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractInfantile myofibroma (IM) commonly presents as a benign cutaneous fibrous tumor in infancy. Although the majority of solitary IM regress without any morbidity, some cases have underlying bone or visceral involvement that can lead to both morbidity and mortality. In this report with review of the literature, we present two cases of solitary cutaneous IM with internal involvement and discuss screening cases of solitary IM with full body imaging.
Complete resolution of alopecia totalis following chemotherapy for B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: L’Ecuyer Ariane , Ronsley Rebecca , Lam Joseph , Dix David B. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAlopecia totalis (AT) is a cosmetically debilitating chronic disease characterized by non‐scarring hair loss of the entire scalp. The clinical course of AT is highly unpredictable, and effective durable treatment options are limited. The resolution of alopecia has been reported post‐autologous and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; however, no cases of AT remission following chemotherapy alone have been described. Herein, we present a case of complete remission of AT following chemotherapy for B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia in a pediatric patient.
Prescription of online hemodiafiltration (ol‐HDF)
Authors: Canaud Bernard , Davenport Andrew 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHDF prescription should be able to satisfy the delivery of an optimal dialytic convective dose. Several factors are implicated in this endeavor. High blood flow rate is crucial to warranty processing an adequate blood volume and to ensure the highest shear rate per fiber needed to cleanse and prevent membrane fouling. A highly permeable dialyzer is needed with a surface area aligned to blood flow and performance needs. Anticoagulation requires specific adaptation in case of low molecular weight heparin use. By default, HDF prescription modality should ideally start by postdilution mode with a stepwise increment of convective dose by probing patient tolerance and efficacy. Alternative substitution modality should be considered if dialytic convective dose could not be achieved in the usual time frame. Convective dose prescription relies either on a manual mode (pressure control or volume control) or on automated mode (ultrafiltration control) depending on the technical options of the HDF machines. Dialysate flow rate is regulated by the HDF machine but should preferably keep constant dialysis fluid flowing the dialyzer with a Qb:Qd ratio of 1.4. Treatment time should not be reduced with HDF prescription. Treatment time should fit with patient tolerance (hemodynamic, osmotic, and solute shifts) and overall solute removal efficiency. Electrolytic prescription does not require specific adjustments as compared with conventional dialysis, but the patient needs to be monitored regularly and dialysate electrolyte adjusted to lab tests. A stepwise approach for implementing ol‐HDF is preferable depending on the initial condition of the patient. Three particular cases may be considered: late‐stage chronic kidney disease patient transitioning to renal replacement therapy, stable dialysis patient switching to HDF, and unstable or fragile patient or specific treatment schedule. Optimal dosing of HDF and personalized care to ensure treatment adequacy is the main goal for renal replacement therapy to improve patient outcomes. That should be ensured with HDF treatment.
Phylogenomics of the Aphididae: Deep relationships between subfamilies clouded by gene tree discordance, introgression and the gene tree anomaly zone
Authors: Owen Christopher L. , Miller Gary L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) are a lineage of ~5200 plant‐feeding insects most abundant in temperate regions. The diversification of aphids is thought to be a rapid radiation, whereas abiotic and biotic factors heavily influence the morphologies. These factors have clouded the taxonomy at all taxonomic ranks, and the effect can be viewed in many incongruent molecular and morphological phylogenies. In this study, we address this problem using both genome and transcriptome data to estimate the phylogenomic relationships between 12 subfamilies with 48 ingroup taxa. We predicted a novel well‐curated dataset of phylogenetically consistent orthologues that included 3162 genes to estimate a concatenated maximum likelihood and multi‐species coalescent species trees. Our results suggest that there are three main clades of Aphididae subfamilies, which are congruent with a previous Sanger sequencing‐based phylogenetic study. However, the relationship between the three clades of subfamilies is clouded by gene tree discordance, introgression and parent–child branches along the backbone that fall within the gene tree anomaly zone. In addition, our results suggest an introgression event between two agriculturally important species of aphids within the subfamily Aphidinae. Our research provides the first phylogenomic study of the Aphididae subfamilies and a foundation for future molecular and morphological studies into this adaptive radiation of insects.
Integrative taxonomy solves taxonomic impasses: a case study from Epyrinae (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae)
Authors: Colombo Wesley D. , Tribull Carly M. , Waichert Cecilia , Azevedo Celso O. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe apply integrative taxonomy to solve a historical taxonomic impasse in a flat wasp group (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae). The phylogeny of Epyrinae is inferred with parsimony analyses under equal and implied weights, maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference using the nuclear markers 18S and 28S, the mitochondrial genes 16S, cytochrome oxidase subunit I and cytochrome B and 232 morphological characters. This is the first phylogenetic study to examine all 42 epyrine genera, including junior synonyms and extinct taxa, applying a combined molecular and morphological approach. This study considered 186 terminal taxa with 166 representing the ingroup taxa and 20 outgroup taxa. All resulting trees of the combined analyses recovered Anisepyris Kieffer, Aspidepyris Evans, Bakeriella Kieffer, Disepyris Kieffer, Laelius Ashmead and Trachepyris Kieffer as monophyletic; Chlorepyris Kieffer, Epyris Westwood, Formosiepyris Terayama and Holepyris Kieffer are non‐monophyletic. Calyozina Enderlein is recovered as an independent lineage in implied weights, Bayesian and maximum likelihood topologies. Here, we describe three new genera and revalidate six genera, five of them junior synonyms of Epyris and one of Holepyris. In addition, we analysed the presence/absence of a sulcus between the mesoscuto‐scutellar foveae and the shape of mesoscuto‐scutellar foveae as the most important taxonomic characters for Epyrinae using ancestral state reconstruction. Finally, we provide a checklist of all species of Epyrinae, compiled via direct observation of the type, illustrations, or literature and an updated and illustrated taxonomic key for all epyrine genera.