bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The TIMEBASE Study: IdenTifying dIgital bioMarkers of illnEss activity in BipolAr diSordEr. Preliminary results
Authors: Anmella G. , Mas A. , Pacchiarotti I. , Fernández T. , Bastidas A. , Agasi I. , Garriga M. , Verdolini N. , Arbelo N. , Nicolás D. , Ruiz V. , Valentí M. , Murru A. , Vieta E. , Solanes A. , Corponi F. , Li B. , Hidalgo-Mazzei D. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionMood episodes in bipolar disorder (BD) are still identified with subjective retrospective reports and scales. Digital biomarkers, such as actigraphy, heart rate variability, or ElectroDermal activity (EDA) have demonstrated their potential to objectively capture illness activity.ObjectivesTo identify physiological digital signatures of illness activity during acute episodes of BD compared to euthymia and healthy controls (HC) using a novel wearable device (Empatica´s E4).MethodsA pragmatic exploratory study. The sample will include 3 independent groups totalizing 60 individuals: 36 BD inpatients admitted due to severe acute episodes of mania (N=12), depression (N=12), and mixed features (N=12), will wear the E4-device at four timepoints: the acute phase (T0), treatment response (T1), symptoms remission (T2) and during euthymia (T3; outpatient follow-up). 12 BD euthymic outpatients and 12 HC will be asked to wear the E4-device once. Data pre-processing included average downsampling, channel time-alignment in 2D segments, 3D-array stacking of segments, and random shuffling for training/validation sets. Finally, machine learning algorithms will be applied.ResultsA total of 10 patients and 5 HC have been recruited so far. The preliminary results follow the first differences between the physiological digital biomarkers between manic and depressive episodes. 3 fully connected layers with 32 hidden units, ectified linear activation function (ReLU) activation, 25% dropout rate, significantly differentiated a manic from a depressive episode at different timepoints (T0, T1, T2).ConclusionsNew wearables technologies might provide objective decision-support parameters based on digital signatures of symptoms that would allow tailored treatments and early identification of symptoms.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Personal and psychophysiological characteristics of the witness experience of cyberaggression in virtual reality
Authors: Soldatova G. , Chigarkova S. , Nikonova E. , Vinitskiy D. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe integration of virtual reality into everyday life is changing sociocultural practices, including those related to cyberaggression, which causes negative consequences for mental health and well-being. Particular attention needs to be paid to the poorly researched but widespread roles of bystanders and defenders in cyberaggression (Machackova, 2020; Polanco-Levican, Salvo-Garrido, 2021).ObjectivesThe aim is to study the behavioral witness strategies in cyberaggression in VR and their relation to personal and psychophysiological characteristics.Methods50 adolescents aged 14-18 years old (50% female) witnessed cyberaggression in an experimental situation in the virtual space of VR-chat. Participants also filled Ten-Item Personality Inventory (Gosling et al., 2003; Egorova, Parshikova, 2016), I7-Impulsiveness (Eysenck, Eysenck, 1985; Kornilova, Dolnikova, 2011), Prosocial Behaviour (Furmanov, Kuhtova, 1998). To determine the functional state Heart rate variability (UPTF 1/30 Psychophysiologist, Mediсom) was measured before and after the experiment.ResultsBehavioral strategies in VR-aggression were divided into uninvolved bystanders (58%) and defenders (42%). All participants experienced stress and functional state decline when faced with cyberaggression, but the defenders were more affected (U=207, p<0.043). Defenders were more likely to have higher social responsibility (U=207, p<0.056) and lower neuroticism (U=208, p<0.054). There were no significant differences in impulsiveness.ConclusionsCyberaggression in a virtual environment is stressful, especially for active defenders, who are more included in the situation compared to passive bystanders. The prosocial role of a defender rather than a passive bystander may be related to such characteristics as social responsibility and emotional stability, but not to impulsiveness. The research was supported by RSF (project No. 18-18-00365)DisclosureThis work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project # 18-18-00365.
Exposure to community violence and Callous-Unemotional traits in young children: the role of positive parenting
Authors: Obando D. , Wright N. , Hill J. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionStudies regarding environmental contributions on callous-unemotional (CU) traits in children have informed about the protective role of positive parenting. However, it has not been explored whether findings from these studies -mostly conducted in High-Income Countries- can be generalised to Low-Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). Exposure to community violence is common in LMICs and is associated with emotional and behavioural problems in children. Therefore, it may represent an environmental risk factor for CU traits.ObjectivesThis prospective study explores whether positive parenting has a protective role in relation to CU traits in young Colombian children whose families have been exposed to community violence.MethodsWe assessed 235 families with children at age 3.5 years, from three contrasting regions of Colombia, using observations of mother-child interactions and maternal reports of community violence at ages 3.5 and 5.0 years.ResultsHierarchical multiple linear regression models indicated that maternal positivity at 3.5 years was associated with lower CU traits at age 5.0 years only in children of families exposed to community violence (interaction term p= .001). In the exposed group maternal positivity explained 10% of the variance (β= -.34, p= .001) with low positivity associated with elevated CU traits and high positivity with low CU traits. Maternal praise was not associated with CU traits. However, maternal negativity during play was associated with elevated CU traits as a main effect.ConclusionsBased on these findings, whether or not exposure to community violence is associated with elevated CU traits depends on maternal positivity, with low positivity creating vulnerability, and high positivity, resilience.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Factors Affecting School Performance in the Adolescents of USA- Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System
Authors: Chahal M. , Telsem M. , Das B. , Patel S. , Gadiwala S. , Stuart R. , Mistry A. , Satnarine T. , Singla P. , Bakarr A. , Sharma P. , Hsieh Y.-C. , Aedma K. , Patel S. , Pathrose R. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPoor academic performance has been linked to factors such as sleep, health, illicit drug use, physical fighting, social media use, cyber bullying, physical activity, homelessness, times spent in video games and television. It is difficult to get a sense of the interplay between and relative importance of different behaviours/factors on academic performance as only limited research has been aimed at quantifying these factors.ObjectivesTo evaluate association of school performance and variables in five categories of the YRBSS: physical fighting, diet/lifestyle, electronic device usage, concurrent substance use, and violence/self-harm.MethodsThe CDC Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) data from 1991-2019 was used in study. Respondents were grouped by good and poor school performance and variables related to nutrition/lifestyle, electronic device use, concurrent substance use, mood/violence/self-harm were analyzed using chi-square
test.ResultsA total of 41,235 student respondents.Nutrition/Lifestyle, electronic device use, concurrent substance use, mood/violence/self-harm are found to be significantly correlated with school performance.
Poor Performance n(%)
Good Performance n(%)
Total n(%)p-ValueNutrition/LifestyleDaily breakfast2,715(26)11,429(38.22)14,144(35.06)<0.0001Sodas ≥2/day1,998(19.12)2,710(9.03)4,708(11.63)<0.0001Concurrent Substance UseAlcohol use3,544(37.55)8,067(28.49)11,611(30.75)<0.0001Cigarette smoking1,616(15.74)1,845(6.17)3,461(8.61)<0.0001Mood/Violence/Self-HarmDifficulty concentrating4,188(46.34)7,327(28.27)11,516(32.94)<0.0001Felt sad or hopeless4,373(41.06)9,038(29.67)13,410(32.62)<0.0001Considered suicide2,567(24.14)4,810(15.8)7,377(17.96)<0.0001ConclusionsIn national data, we found school performance is affected by nutrition, lifestyle, substance use, mood and exposure to surrounding violence, and self-harm. Further studies should be planned to evaluate benefits from the risk stratification to reduce this burden amongst US adolescents.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Evaluation of Risk Factors for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Sri Lankan Children: A school based population study from a developing nation
Authors: Nazeer N. , Rohanachandra Y. , Prathapan S. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders of childhood with significant impairment in overall functioning and associated psychiatric comorbidities. Knowledge of determinants is vital for the development of effective preventive strategies and tailor made interventions.ObjectivesThe study was aimed at determining risk factors for the development of ADHD among primary school children (PSC)) in state schools in Colombo district of Sri Lanka.MethodsAn unmatched case control study was conducted consisting of 73 cases (with ADHD) and 264 controls (without ADHD) selected randomly among 6-10 year old PSC from Sinhala medium state schools in Colombo district. Primary Care Givers completed the validated Sinhala version of Swanson, Nolan, Pelham –IV (SNAP-IV-S) scale for the assessment of ADHD and an interviewer administered questionnaire on risk factors. Children’s diagnostic status was confirmed by a Consultant Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist following a clinical assessment. Bivariate analysis followed by multivariate regression model identified potential risk factors.ResultsMultivariate analysis revealed, male sex (aOR=3.74; 95%CI=1.67-8.35), lower educational level of the mother (aOR=3.31; 95%CI=1.39-7.98), maternal psycho pathology (aOR=7.28; 95%CI=1.55-34.35), prenatal exposure to passive tobacco smoke (aOR=3.76; 95%CI=1.09-12.95), Birth weight <2500g and /or gestation period of <37 completed weeks (aOR=3.6; 95%CI= 1.48-8.74), neonatal complications (aOR=4.03; 95%CI=1.94-8.32) , minimal leisure time with family (aOR=2.39; 95%CI=1.19-4.82) and subjected to teasing/ bullying (aOR=5.03; 95%CI=2.47-10.25) as significant predictors of ADHD.ConclusionsPrimary prevention focusing on strengthening neonatal, maternal and child health services needs highlighting together with special emphasis on the need for anti-bullying policies in state schools.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Intimate partner violence and post-traumatic stress disorder
Authors: Vargas B. , Santana C. , Valdéz V. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), is a Mental Health condition due to a traumatic experience. There are four types of Gender Violence in Latin America: physical, sexual, psychological or patrimonial violence, when it occurs between intimate partners it is called intimate partner violence (IPV). PTSD is highly associated with IPV.ObjectivesDetermine the statistical index of IPV and PTSD in women and men in Guayaquil-Ecuador.MethodsWe carried out a descriptive cross-sectional study, the sample was collected at the Florida Prosecutor’s Office in Guayaquil-Ecuador by UCSG medical students in 2018. The sample was 239 individuals, 195 women, 44 men. Individuals were separated into groups by gender, marital status, children, age, habits and PTSD. We applied Beck test for Depression, Davidson and DSM-5 for PTSD.ResultsIn this study we observe a male population suffering from IPV. Complaints of IPV 195 women (81.59%), 44 men (18.41%). PTSD positive 159 women (81.96%), men 35 (18.04%). More prevalent in age ranges 25-34. PTSD with children 147 (76%) and without children 47 (24%).ConclusionsFactors such as being a woman, having children and younger ages are linked in this study as predisposing to suffer from IPV and PTSD. We highlight a male population that reports suffering from IPV despite the lack of support, especially in Latin America. It is worth mentioning that the final consequence in many cases is femicide and homicide. Although IPV is serious and frequent, Medical professionals still do not focus on IPV diagnosis, therefore affected individuals don t receive support.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Analyses of Pharmacokinetic, Pharmacogenetic and Psychometrics Correlates of Antidepressants Use during Pregnancy and the Post-Partum Period
Authors: Cafaro R. , Giorgetti F. , Giacovelli L. , Vanzetto S. , Cerolini L. , Colombo A. , Dell’Osso B. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAbout 15% of women experience a depressive episode during pregnancy, and 19% during the postpartum. Studies on safety of Antidepressants use during pregnancy have given controversial results. Obstetric-gynecological changes of pregnancy determine modifications in the pharmacokinetics of medications, through an altered metabolism of the CYP enzymes. Patient’s therapeutic response might also be influenced by polymorphisms of the genes encoding CYP enzymes.ObjectivesIn this perspective, we evaluated the correlation between pharmacokinetics, pharmacogenetics and psychopathological measures, analyzing SSRIs or SNRIs concentrations during the three trimesters of pregnancy, at birth and at postpartum, in order to define efficacy, tolerability and safety of Antidepressants (ADs) in the treatment of affective and anxiety disorders during pregnancy.Methods87 patients were enrolled at the Depressive Disorders Treatment Centre (CTDD) of the Department of Psychiatry of Sacco University Hospital (Milano, Italy). Plasma concentrations of ADs were measured during first (T1), second (T2), third (T3) trimester, at birth (T4) and at postpartum (T5). Psychometric assessments were carried out. The genotype of hepatic CYP isoforms were also analysed.ResultsADs mainly metabolized by CYP2C19 (es. Sertraline) are less frequently below therapeutic range than ADs metabolized by CYP2D6. In fact, the metabolic activity of CYP2C19 is slowed down during pregnancy. The majority of ADs concentrations below therapeutic range were found in women with an accelerated metaboslism, carrier of a CYP polymorphism.ConclusionsOur results underline that the systematic use of pharmacokinetic and pharmacogenetic analyses during pregnancy could constitute a valid support in the management of therapy in the last phases of pregnancy.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The Evidence Base For Psychiatric Support For Living Independently And Being Included In The Community
Authors: Mucci A. 
Published: September 2022

Functional recovery of subjects with schizophrenia remains an unmet need despite the availability of effective pharmacological and psychosocial treatments. The focus of recovery-oriented approaches is on fostering hope and resilience, fighting self-stigma, supporting self-determination and promoting social inclusion. The implementation of recovery-oriented plans requires an in depth understanding of key factors influencing real-life functioning, health status and quality of life. Recently published data from the Italian Network for Research on Psychoses have provided evidence that baseline variables associated with functional outcome at follow-up included domains not routinely assessed and targeted by intervention programs in community mental health services. As pointed out by experts in schizophrenia research and care, the management of subjects with schizophrenia has not significantly improved and only a minority of them receives integrated and personalized treatments. Shared decision-making and integrated pharmacological and psychosocial treatments, tailored on subjects’ needs, might significantly improve the outcome of subjects with schizophrenia, supporting independent living and inclusion in the community.DisclosureHonoraria, advisory board, or consulting fees from Angelini, Astra Zeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gedeon Richter Bulgaria, Innova-Pharma, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Lundbeck, Otsuka, Pfizer, and Pierre Fabre, for services not related to this abstract
Assessment of psychopathological symptoms in patients with primary hypothyroidism
Authors: Pityk O. , Karbovskyi N. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThyroid dysfunction such as hypothyroidism, is connected with numerous neurological and psychiatric disorders. However, the importance of assessing the interaction between brain, psyche and thyroid in clinical practice is often underestimated, and this has a direct impact on the planning of therapeutic interventions and treatment efficacy in patients with primary hypothyroidism.ObjectivesWe examined 132 patients with primary hypothyroidism.MethodsAssessment of the presence and severity of psychopathology was performed using the technique SCL-90-R (questionnaire severity of psychopathology).ResultsThe results showed the highest scores on the scales of somatization (3,75 ± 0,12), depression (3,64 ± 0,13), interpersonal anxiety (3,45 ± 0,19), phobias (3.25 ± 0,31). High rates of somatization scale showing a violation of bodily dysfunction of various body systems-cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, respiratory and headache, muscular discomfort and other unpleasant sensations in different parts of the body and manifest themselves in a complaint of patients. Scale depression revealed the presence of dysphoria, anhedonia, low affect, loss of vitality and interest in life. Relatively high on a scale of phobias indicate the presence in these patients persistent fear responses to certain situations and objects that are irrational and inadequate and lead to avoiding behavior. General index of severity of symptoms (GSI) and the index of an existing symptomatic distress (PSDI) were significantly higher in the following patients than in hypothyroid patients without mental disorders.ConclusionsThus, these results should be taken into account when determining treatment strategy both in psychopharmacotherapy and different methods of psychological correction.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Significant early and long-term improvement of neuropsychiatry symptomatology in HCV-infected patients after viral eradication with DAA
Authors: Martin-Santos R. , Bartrés C. , Nacar L. , Navinés R. , Cavero M. , Lens S. , Rodriguez-Tajes S. , Pariante J.C. , Horrillo I. , Muñoz-Moreno E. , Bargallo N. , Capuron L. , Meana J. , Forns X. , Mariño Z. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionChronic Hepatitis C infection is considered a systemic disease with extrahepatic manifestations, mainly neuropsychiatric symptoms,
which is associated with a chronic low-grade inflammatory state. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) eradication is currently achieved in >98% of cases with oral direct-acting antivirals (DAA).ObjectivesTo study potential clinical neuropsychiatric changes (mood, cognition, sleep, gastrointestinal, sickness, and motion) in HCV-infected patients after HCV eradication with DAA.MethodsDesign: Cohort study. Subjects: 37 HCV-infected patients, aged<55 years old, with non-advanced liver disease receiving DAA; free of current mental disorder. 24 healthy controls were included at baseline. Assessment: -Baseline (BL) (socio-demographic and clinical variables, MINI-DSM-IV, and Neurotoxicity Scale (NRS), (mood, cognitive, sleep, gastrointestinal, sickness and motor dimensions). Follow-up: End-of-treatment, 12weeks-after and 48weeks-after DAA: NRS. Analysis: Descriptive and bivariate non-parametrical analysis.ResultsNRS total score and dimensions where different between cases and controls (.000) at baseline. NRS total score (.000) and mood (.000), cognition (.000), sleep (.002), gastrointestinal (.017), and sickness (.003), except motor dimension score (.130) showed significant longitudinal improvement.ConclusionsHCV-infected patients with mild liver disease presented significantly worse scores for neurotoxicity symptomatology in all dimensions compared to healthy individuals. After HCV eradication with DAA, both at short and long follow-up a significant improvement of the NRS total score and each of the dimensions (except motor) were observed. However, they did not reach the values of healthy individuals, suggesting a not complete neuropsychiatric restoration in the period studied. Grant: ICIII-FIS:PI17/02297.(One way to make Europe) (RMS) and Gilead Fellowship-GLD17/00273 (ZM); and the support of SGR17/1798 (RMS)DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Acceptability y feasibility of “Yo Sé Lo Que Quiero (YSLQQ)” (Unplugged) program: a drug prevention intervention for adolescents in Chile
Authors: Salgado G. , Ramirez S. , Gana S. , Valenzuela M. , Gaete J. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSubstance misuse among adolescents is a public health problem because of its prevalence and consequences.Objectivesi) To develop a culturally adapted version of the Unplugged program in Chile, renamed as “Yo Sé Lo Que Quiero (YSLQQ)”, for substance use prevention; ii) To evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of its implementation.MethodsPilot study, with randomized controlled trial design, with two arms (Intervention Group, IG; and Control Group, CG). The sample consisted of 1,556 students from 6th to 8th grade from six schools (1:1 ratio) in Santiago, Chile. The IG received the 12 sessions of the YSLQQ program and the CG the usual substance use prevention activities. Acceptability was assessed through a student questionnaire, and feasibility through teacher self-report.ResultsMore than half of the students reported that they liked the sessions. 61.3% were satisfied with the duration of the program and 61.7% with the activities. 68% of students agreed that the program helped them to have more refusal skills towards tobacco, alcohol, and drug use in the future. On the other hand, concerning feasibility and fidelity, 88.9% of the teachers remained faithful to the manual, and 91.6% of the activities were fulfilled according to the manual.ConclusionsThe present study demonstrated that “Yo Sé Lo Que Quiero” program is acceptable and feasible for future implementation in adolescents.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
What do Health/Mental Health Professionals Have to do With Racial Discrimination?
Authors: Küey L. 
Published: September 2022

There is a growing evidence that social determinants of health influence the health outcomes. These non-medical factors, i.e., social determinants of health / mental health, are defined as the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work and age, including the factors shaping these conditions. They either have direct effects on health and ill health or work as mediators. In this respect, racial discrimination is a fundamental social determinant of ill health / mental health and health inequalities. A strong correlation between reported experiences of racial discrimination and poor general health and poor mental health has been reported. Besides, racial discrimination may lead to risk taking behaviors increasing poor health / mental health especially in vulnerable disadvantaged populations. A leading factor mediating the negative effects of any biopsychosocial factor on mental ill health is the degree of discrimination. Furthermore, racial discrimination is one of the processes explaining and reinforcing racial disparities in health and ill health. From a conceptual point of view, racial discrimination and its effects on ill health could be discussed in the context of the issue of othering and related dehumanization and violence. Psychiatrists and mental health workers have accumulated considerable knowledge and experience on understanding and overcoming some of the consequences of racial discrimination, especially via anti-stigma studies. The unfair and avoidable influences of racial discrimination on mental health are neither fated nor inevitable. As Gramsci had said, we have the pessimism of the intellect and optimism of the will.DisclosureNo significant relationships.