bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Janus Micro/Nanorobots in Biomedical Applications
Authors: Su Haiyang , Li Shunxiang , Yang Guang‐Zhong , Qian Kun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractJanus particles possess two or more distinct domains that are anisotropic in composition or surface features. They integrate different or even incompatible properties within a single particle, making them possible to perform diverse functions and multiple tasks simultaneously. Advances in micro/nanorobots demonstrate that they can effectively convert diverse energy sources into movement and reach target locations with precision. Integration of Janus structure with micro/nanobots is emerging as a promising tool for biomedical applications. In this review, the fabrication and energy sources of Janus micro/nanorobots are briefly introduced. After that, the recent progress of Janus micro/nanorobots for biomedicine, with a special focus on their applications for cargo delivery, bioimaging, biosensing, surgery, and therapy are presented and discussed. The application of Janus micro/nanorobots in biomedicine still faces serious challenges from fabrication, engines, biocompatibility, and biodegradation for their widespread in clinical situations. Nevertheless, a few emerging materials and approaches offer potential solutions to these problems.
Rational Design of Peptide Biorecognition Elements on Carbon Nanotubes for Sensing Volatile Organic Compounds
Authors: Sim Daniel , Kuang Zhifeng , Sant'Anna Gustavo , Krabacher Rachel M. , Brothers Michael C. , Chávez Jorge L. , Martin Jennifer A. , Islam Ahmad E. , Maruyama Benji , Naik Rajesh R. , Bedford Nicholas M. , Kim Steve S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCarbon nanotube (CNT) chemiresistors have emerged as miniaturized platforms for wearable volatile organic compound (VOC) sensors. As a promising biorecognition element (BRE), a short peptide can functionalize CNT to be sensitive and selective to target VOCs. However, unveiling the VOC‐optimized peptide‐CNT pair for gas‐phase sensing remains unclear. Here, a novel multimodal molecular toolset for designing, building, and probing suitable BRE‐CNT sensors using machine learning, molecular dynamics, and near‐edge X‐ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy is presented. This computational and experimental suite predicts the peptide conformation on the CNT surface and probes how the peptide–CNT interfaces affect the VOC sensing. Then, peptide‐functionalized CNT chemiresistors are tested against various VOCs to confirm the efficacy of the toolkit. The results show that the vertically oriented peptide on the CNT surface hinders VOC access to the peptide–CNT interface, resulting in a significantly lower sensor signal than the CNT chemiresistor with the horizontally oriented peptide. The interactive computational and experimental results strongly indicate that a peptide conformation plays an important role in VOC sensing sensitivity.
Bismuth‐Activated Persistent Phosphors
Authors: Tang Yangmin , Deng Mingxue , Wang Machao , Liu Xiaofeng , Zhou Zhenzhen , Wang Jiacheng , Liu Qian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBismuth cations (e.g., Bi3+, Bi2+) are very promising non‐rare‐earth activators in persistent luminescence (PersL) materials. Recently, much work has been devoted to modulating the host structures and defects to obtain high‐intensity luminescence and/or tunable excitation and emission bands of Bi‐activated persistent phosphors. A timely review on Bi‐based PersL phosphors would be highly attractive for future materials’ design and applications. The present review discusses the recent advances in Bi‐activated PersL phosphors with focus on the structure–defect–property relationships. Firstly, the basic ionic configurations of Bi cations as an activator are discussed in detail, followed by the classification as well as elaboration of Bi‐activated PersL phosphors according to emission wavelength. Then, the modulation strategies of PersL through adjusting the local structures are highlighted, which include defect engineering and theoretical prediction. These strategies allow for the effective regulation of PersL in Bi‐activated phosphors that have extensively been explored in information storage, X‐ray imaging, stress sensing, anti‐counterfeiting, etc. Finally, future challenges and perspectives toward Bi‐activated PersL phosphors are proposed. This review provides solid guidelines of designing diverse PersL materials with tunable properties for various optical applications in the future.
Rational Development of Hypervalent Glycan Shield‐Binding Nanoparticles with Broad‐Spectrum Inhibition against Fatal Viruses Including SARS‐CoV‐2 Variants
Authors: Li Ying , Xu Shuxin , Ye Qing , Chi Hang , Guo Zhanchen , Chen Jingran , Wu Mei , Fan Baochao , Li Bin , Qin Cheng‐Feng , Liu Zhen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractInfectious virus diseases, particularly coronavirus disease 2019, have posed a severe threat to public health, whereas the developed therapeutic and prophylactic strategies are seriously challenged by viral evolution and mutation. Therefore, broad‐spectrum inhibitors of viruses are highly demanded. Herein, an unprecedented antiviral strategy is reported, targeting the viral glycan shields with hypervalent mannose‐binding nanoparticles. The nanoparticles exhibit a unique double‐punch mechanism, being capable of not only blocking the virus–receptor interaction but also inducing viral aggregation, thereby allowing for inhibiting the virus entry and facilitating the phagocytosis of viruses. The nanoparticles exhibit potent and broad‐spectrum antiviral efficacy to multiple pseudoviruses, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and its major variants (D614G, N501Y, N439K, Δ69‐70, Delta, and Omicron; lentiviruses expressing only the spike proteins), as well as other vital viruses (human immunodeficiency virus 1 and Lassa virus), with apparent EC50 values around the 10−9 mlevel. Significantly, the broad‐spectrum inhibition of authentic viruses of both wild‐type SARS‐CoV‐2 and Delta variants is confirmed. Therefore, this hypervalent glycan‐shield targeting strategy opens new access to broad‐spectrum viral inhibition.
Facile Synthesis of Weakly Ferromagnetic Organogadolinium Macrochelates‐Based T1‐Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents
Authors: Lu Yudie , Liang Zhiyu , Feng Jie , Huang Lin , Guo Shuai , Yi Peiwei , Xiong Wei , Chen Sijin , Yang Sugeun , Xu Yikai , Li Yan , Chen Xiaoyuan , Shen Zheyu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo surmount the major concerns of commercial small molecule Gd chelates and reported Gd‐based contrast agents (GBCAs) for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a new concept of organogadolinium macrochelates (OGMCs) constructed from the coordination between Gd3+ and macromolecules is proposed. A library of macromolecules were screened for Gd3+ coordination, and two candidates [i.e., poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), and poly(aspartic acid) (PASP)] succeeded in OGMC formation. Under optimized synthesis conditions, both Gd‐PAA12 and Gd‐PASP11 OGMCs are outstanding T1‐weighted CAs owing to their super high r1 values (> 50 mm−1 s−1, 3.0 T) and ultralow r2/r1 ratios (< 1.6, 3.0 T). The ferromagnetism of OGMCs is completely different from the paramagnetism of commercial and reported GBCAs. The ferromagnetism is very weak (Ms < 1.0 emu g−1) leading to a low r2, which is preferred for T1 MRI. Gd3+ is not released from the OGMC Gd‐PAA12 and Gd‐PASP11, ensuring biosafety for in vivo applications. The safety and T1‐weighted MRI efficiencies of the OGMC Gd‐PAA12 and Gd‐PASP11 are tested in cells and mice. The synthesis method of the OGMCs is facile and easy to be scaled up. Consequently, the OGMC Gd‐PAA12 and Gd‐PASP11 are superior T1‐weighted CAs with promising translatability to replace the commercial Gd chelates.
Improving osteoporosis treatment rates in inpatients admitted with hip fracture: A healthcare improvement initiative in a tertiary referral hospital
Authors: Lin Andrew Gan , Shaheen Nargis , Ganda Kirtan , Cullen John , Waite Louise M. , Seibel Markus J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis healthcare improvement initiative was designed to increase inpatient osteoporosis treatment after hip fracture.MethodsA new protocol was developed by Geriatric Medicine and Endocrinology departments at a tertiary care hospital in Sydney. Its aim was to standardize assessment and treatment of osteoporosis in patients admitted with hip fracture. Eligible inpatients would receive intravenous zoledronic acid during their admission. A 6‐month sample of hip fracture patients admitted after the protocol's implementation was compared to a group admitted before. Data collected included demographics, biochemistry, treatment rates, adverse effects, and admission survival.ResultsThere was a considerable increase in osteoporosis treatment after introducing the protocol. Before the protocol's introduction, none of 36 eligible patients received treatment. After the intervention 79% (23 out of 29) of eligible patients were treated.All treated patients had renal function and serum calcium levels checked post‐infusion with no adverse outcomes. Eight patients developed flu‐like symptoms within 24 h of the infusion. There were no instances of arrhythmias, ocular inflammation, or death. The cost per patient treated was AUD $87.ConclusionAdopting a standardized protocol for osteoporosis treatment in patients admitted for hip fracture was effective in improving treatment rates whilst being relatively safe and inexpensive.
The society for community research and action on a path toward conocimiento: From silences and statements to solidarities in action in U.S. community psychology
Authors: Fernández Jesica Siham 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA first‐person narrative essay is presented through a critically reflexive auto‐ethnography of a community psychologist's experiences as a member of the Society for Community Research and Action (SCRA) and (as of this writing) co‐chair of the Cultural, Ethnic and Racial Affairs council. Through this methodological orientation, an analysis of some of the discourses that circulated within the SCRA listserv in relation to the murder of Mr. George Floyd, and amidst an ensuing pandemic are analyzed and discussed in relation to Anzaldúa's seven stages of conocimiento. The intentions that guide and ground this first‐person account are to animate deeper reflection, accountability, and solidarity‐in‐action, as well as an organizational shift in the culture of the SCRA. Guided by a set of questions—What accounts for the organizational silences within the SCRA? How did the SCRA respond or engage with the murder of Mr. Floyd, anti‐Blackness, Black Lives Matter, and related racial justice efforts?—the purpose is to turn a critical social analysis gaze to the SCRA in order to align its purpose, values, and mission with liberation and a decolonial feminist praxis. Anzaldúa's seven‐stage framework of conocimiento is utilized to describe the possibilities for an organizational cultural shift in the SCRA that aligns with racial justice and liberatory decolonial feminist praxes.
Finding voice in a year of collective trauma: Case study of an online photovoice project with youth
Authors: Macias R. Lillianne , Nava Nancy , Delgadillo Desiree , Beschel Jordyn , Kuperminc Gabriel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this article, we share findings from a qualitative case study of a virtual youth photovoice program implemented across three regions of the United States. The purpose of the program was to engage youth in research on a social issue relevant to them during an unprecedented year marked by two public health crises, COVID‐19 and anti‐Black racial violence. Results of an analysis of curriculum and archival program materials lend support for online strategies for youth engagement including individualized support and online audiovisual presentations with avatars. Racial justice and trauma‐informed adaptations were designed to be responsive to youth needs for flexible programming and safe spaces. Themes captured in the first online gallery of youth photos include (1) tools for mental health, (2) meaningful connection, and (3) community advocacy, bringing attention to structural issues as well as family and community strengths. Findings suggest photovoice can be thoughtfully adapted for youth researchers and support individual and group storytelling in response to collective trauma.
Complex systems and participatory approaches to address maternal health disparities: Findings from a system dynamics group model building project in North Texas
Authors: Lemke Michael K. , Brown Kyrah K. , Fallah‐Fini Saeideh , Hall Ariel , Obasanya Mercy 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFocusing on non‐Hispanic Black women (NHBW) in North Texas, this study employed participatory system dynamics modeling to explore three hypotheses: (1) stakeholders will conceptualize structural racism is a pervasive macrostructural force that exerts downstream impacts to shape and perpetuate maternal health disparities among NHBW; (2) stakeholders will identify key causal forces and leverage points that exist across levels of influence; and (3) stakeholders will identify complex interactions, in the form of circular causality, that are present among the key causal forces and leverage points that shape NHBW maternal health disparities. Nine participants engaged in a virtual system dynamics group model‐building session that focused on eliciting key variables, behavior‐over‐time graphs (BOTGs), causal loop diagram (CLD), and targets for action. Participants identified 83 key variables. BOTGs included an average of 6.56 notations and time horizons that, on average, started in 1956. The CLD featured 11 reinforcing and seven balancing feedback loops. Eleven targets for action were identified. Structural racism was revealed as a pervasive macrostructural force that shaped maternal health outcomes among NHBW. Key causal forces and leverage points were identified across levels of influence. Finally, feedback loops within the CLD exhibited circular causality.
Pulse pressure trajectories predict brain microstructure in community‐dwelling older adults: Associations with executive function and modification by APOE
Authors: Parada Humberto , Bergstrom Jaclyn , Bangen Katherine J. , Reas Emilie T. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionEffects of chronic arterial stiffness on brain aging remain unclear. We, therefore, examined whether long‐term trajectories of pulse pressure (PP) predicted brain microstructure, microstructure mediated PP‐executive function associations, and APOE genotype modified PP‐microstructure associations.MethodsWe examined associations of PP trajectories with brain microstructure measured using restriction spectrum imaging in 146 community‐dwelling older adults, whether microstructure mediated PP trajectory‐executive function associations, and whether PP‐restriction spectrum imaging correlations were modified by APOE‐ε4 status.ResultsParticipants with trajectories of high PP had lower restricted isotropic diffusion (RI) compared to those with low PP trajectories and PP‐executive function associations were mediated by subcortical and white matter RI. High PP more strongly correlated with lower RI and higher hindered diffusion among APOE‐ε4 carriers than non‐carriers.DiscussionProlonged elevated PP predicts microstructural abnormalities which may contribute to impaired executive function. APOE‐ε4 carriers may be most vulnerable to the adverse effects of PP on brain microstructure.
Beweis von Schwefel‐non‐Innocence in [CoII(Dithiacyclam)]2+‐vermittelten, katalytischen Sauerstoff‐Reduktions‐Reaktionen
Authors: Battistella Beatrice , Iffland‐Mühlhaus Linda , Schütze Maximillian , Cula Beatrice , Kuhlmann Uwe , Dau Holger , Hildebrandt Peter , Lohmiller Thomas , Mebs Stefan , Apfel Ulf‐Peter , Ray Kallol 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn vielen Metallenzymen sind Schwefel‐enthaltende Liganden an Elektronen‐Transfer‐Reaktionen beteiligt. In dem hier diskutierten biomimetischen Ansatz wird der Einfluss einer Schwefelkoordination auf eine Kobalt‐katalysierte Sauerstoff‐Reduktionsreaktion (ORR) demonstriert. Ein Vergleich des ORR‐Vermögens eines vierfach Stickstoff‐koordinierten [Co(Cyclam]2+‐Komplexes (1; Cyclam=1,5,8,11‐Tetraaza‐cyclotetradecan) und dessen Schwefel‐Analogons [Co(S2N2‐Cyclam)]2+(2; S2N2‐Cyclam=1,8‐Dithia‐5,11‐diazacyclotetradecan) zeigt verbesserte katalytische Eigenschaften mit dem in die Ligandensphäre am Kobalt eingeführten Chalkogen. Isolierung und Charakterisierung der Intermediate, die sich im Zuge der Sauerstoffaktivierung an den Kobalt(II)‐Zentren von1und2bilden, identifizieren eine Beteiligung des Schwefels am O2‐Reduktionsprozess als entscheidenden Faktor für die verbesserten Eigenschaften von2bei der katalytischen ORR.
The influence of cinnamon and litsea cubeba essential oils on methylcellulose films
Authors: Acosta Patrícia Pinheiro dos Santos , Latorres Juliana Machado , Martins Vilásia Guimarães 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to prepare active, biodegradable methylcellulose films and evaluate their properties after incorporating cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) and litsea cubeba (Litsea cubeba) essential oils. The properties of the methylcellulose films were modified with the addition of essential oils. The surfaces were smooth and homogeneous in all samples. The film with cinnamon oil showed higher antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and the film with litsea cubeba showed higher antioxidant activity against ABTS radical. The biodegradation time of the films in black sand and beach soil was 20 days. The films produced that presented the highest potential to become active packaging were the film with litsea cubabe oil as antioxidant packaging and the film with cinnamon oil as antibacterial packaging.
Recent advances on injectable nanocomposite hydrogels towards bone tissue rehabilitation
Authors: Phogat Kapender , Ghosh Subrata Bandhu , Bandyopadhyay‐Ghosh Sanchita 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThere has been significant interest in the recent past to develop injectable hydrogel scaffolds that follow minimally invasive implantation procedures towards efficient healing and regeneration of defective bone tissues. Such scaffolds offer several advantages, as they can be injected into the irregularly shaped defect and can act as a low‐density aqueous reservoir, incorporating necessary components for bone tissue repair and augmentation. Considering that bone is a biocomposite of natural biopolymer and bioapatite nanofiller, there has been a growing trend to develop nanocomposite scaffolds by combining biopolymers and inorganic nanofillers to biomimic the hierarchical nanostructure and composition of natural bone. Furthermore, the nanocomposite scaffolds can be tailored to have patient‐specific bone properties, which can lead to better biological responses. The present article begins with the introduction, followed by an overview of polymer matrices, property requirements, and crosslinking techniques employed for injectable hydrogels. Various strategies to develop injectable composites, with emphasis on nanocomposite hydrogels incorporating bioinert and bioactive nanofillers have been discussed. The fundamental challenges related to the development of injectable hydrogel nanocomposite scaffolds and the research efforts directed towards solving these problems have also been reviewed. Finally, future trends and conclusions on new generation injectable hydrogel nanocomposite bone scaffolds have been discussed in this article.
Facile one‐pot synthesis of fluorescent aminoclay and the applications for fluorescence sensing Cr2O72−
Authors: Guo Yongming , Shi Junyan , Li Yijin , Wei Chengwei , Fang Tiancheng , Liu Jiani , Tao Tao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHere, we developed a facile one‐pot strategy for the fabrication of fluorescent aminoclay (F‐AC) through in situ solvothermal treatment of 3‐aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, MgCl2, and sodium ascorbate at 180°C for 6 h. The obtained F‐AC exhibited blue emission, good water solubility, and satisfactory photostability. It was observed that Cr2O72− could selectively quench the fluorescence of F‐AC through the inner filter effect and static quenching process. As a result, a novel fluorescent F‐AC‐based nanosensor was constructed with good linearity in the range 0.1–75 μM. The nanosensor was successfully applied in real water samples with satisfactory results. This work not only provides a novel nanosensor for Cr2O72−, but also highlights the F‐AC's promising applications in wider fields due to the versatility and simplicity of the preparation strategy.
Small molecule ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 inhibitors in cancer immunotherapy for harnessing innate immunity
Authors: Choi Junwon 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEctonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) was recently identified as a major hydrolase of an endogenous stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonist, 2′,3′‐cyclic guanosine monophosphate–adenosine monophosphate (cGAMP). ENPP1 is a promising therapeutic target in cancer immunotherapy, in which the inhibition of ENPP1 enhances anticancer immunity via STING‐mediated innate immune activation. This review highlights the role of ENPP1 in innate immunity and the recent discovery of small molecule ENPP1 inhibitors as immunomodulators in cancer immunotherapy.
Tetrandrine alleviates inflammation and neuron apoptosis in experimental traumatic brain injury by regulating the IRE1α/JNK/CHOP signal pathway
Authors: Liu Huan , He Shiqing , Li Chong , Wang Jianpeng , Zou Qin , Liao Yongshi , Chen Rui 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic roles of Tetrandrine (TET) on traumatic brain injury (TBI) and the underlying mechanism.MethodTraumatic injury model of hippocampal neurons and TBI mouse model were established to evaluate the therapeutic effects. The expression of neuron‐specific enolase (NSE), Caspase 3, and Caspase 12 was detected by immunofluorescence. The expression of TNF‐α, NF‐κB, TRAF1, ERS markers (GADD34 and p‐PERK), IRE1α, CHOP, JNK, and p‐JNK were evaluated by western blot. Flow cytometry was used to determine the apoptosis of neurons. Brain injury was assessed by Garcia score, cerebral water content, and Evan blue extravasation test. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to determine the morphological changes of hippocampal tissue. Apoptosis was assessed by TUNEL staining.ResultIn traumatic injury model of hippocampal neurons, TET downregulated NSE, TNF‐α, NF‐κB, TRAF1, GADD34, p‐PERK, IRE1α, CHOP, and p‐JNK expression. TET reduced Caspase 3 and Caspase 12 cleavage. Apoptosis rate was inhibited by the introduction of TET. TET improved the Garcia neural score, decreased the cerebral water content and Evans blue extravasation, and reduced NSE, TNF‐α, NF‐κB, TRAF1, IRE1α, CHOP, and p‐JNK expression in mice with TBI, which was significantly reversed by Anisomycin, a JNK selective activator.ConclusionTET alleviated inflammation and neuron apoptosis in experimental TBI by regulating the IRE1α/JNK/CHOP signal pathway.