bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combination of high‐density cholesterol level, elastic score, and severity of exocrine pancreatic dysfunction may be useful for a predictive factor for patients with early chronic pancreatitis
Authors: Agawa Shuhei , Futagami Seiji , Watanabe Yoshiyuki , Habiro Mayu , Kawawa Rie , Yamawaki Hiroshi , Tsushima Rina , Kirita Kumiko , Noda Hiroto , Akimoto Teppei , Ueki Nobue , Iwakiri Katsuhiko 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to clarify whether any risk factors including clinical characteristics, endosonographic features, and exocrine pancreatic dysfunction may be useful for a predictive factor for patients with early chronic pancreatitis.MethodsA total of 163 consecutive patients that presented with functional dyspepsia with pancreatic enzyme abnormalities (FD‐P) (n = 46), early chronic pancreatitis (ECP) (n = 47), and asymptomatic patients with pancreatic enzyme abnormalities (AP‐P) (n = 70) based on the Rome III classification and the Japan Pancreatic Association were included in this study. The enrolled patients were evaluated using endosonography (EUS) and EUS elastography. The levels of the five pancreatic enzymes were measured. Pancreatic exocrine function was analyzed using N‐benzoyl‐l‐tyrosyl‐p‐aminobenzoic acid (BT‐PABA).ResultsThere were no significant differences in clinical characteristics such as age, gender, body mass index, alcohol consumption, and smoking among patients with AP‐P, FD‐P, and ECP. The ratio of BT‐PABA test less than 35% in patients with ECP was significantly (P = 0.043) higher than in AP‐P patients. Elastic score was a useful tool to differentiate the FD‐P group from the ECP group. The high‐density cholesterol levels in patients with ECP were significantly lower than those in AP‐P. In addition, the combination of total and high‐density cholesterol levels, BT‐PABA test, and elastic score has a higher area under the curve value (0.708) of patients with ECP than in the other groups.ConclusionsThe combination of high‐density cholesterol levels, elastic score, and severity of exocrine pancreatic dysfunction may be useful for a predictive factor for patients with ECP.
A short peptide encoded by long non‐coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 6 promotes cell migration and epithelial–mesenchymal transition by activating transforming growth factor‐beta/SMAD signaling pathway in human endometrial cells
Authors: Zou Qian , Du Xin , Zhou Limin , Yao Dongmei , Dong Yi , Jin Jing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundEndometrial dysfunction is closely correlated with the development of multiple severe gynecological disorders including intrauterine adhesion. Accumulating evidence supports that some long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have peptide‐coding potential. In this text, the peptide‐coding ability of lncRNA SNHG6 was examined. Also, the effects of an SNHG6‐encoded peptide on the viability and migration of human endometrial stromal cells (hESCs) and human endometrial epithelial cells (hEECs) and related molecular mechanisms were explored.MethodsThe peptide‐encoding potential of SNHG6 was predicted by FuncPEP and getorf databases and validated by western blot assay. Cell viability was tested by cell counting kit‐8 assay. Cell migratory ability was examined by wound healing and transwell migration assays. Protein levels of genes were measured by western blot assay.ResultsPrediction analysis suggested that SNHG6 had the potential peptide‐coding ability and multiple open‐reading frames (ORFs). Western blot validated that SNHG6 ORF#1 and ORF#2 could translate into short peptides. SNHG6 ORF#2 overexpression facilitated cell migration and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in hESCs and hEECs, while these effects were abrogated by transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β)/SMAD signaling inhibitor GW788388. Moreover, GW788388 inhibited the increase of p‐SMAD2 and p‐SMAD3 levels induced by SNHG6 ORF#2 in hESCs. SNHG6 ORF#2‐encoded peptide did not influence endometrial stromal and epithelial cell viability.ConclusionsLncRNA SNHG6 ORF#1 and ORF#2 could translate into small peptides and SNHG6 ORF#2 overexpression promoted cell migration and EMT by activating the TGF‐β/SMAD pathway in hESCs and hEECs, suggesting the potential roles of SNHG6‐encoded peptides in the development of endometrial stromal and epithelial cells and related gynecological diseases.
It's about time: Emphasizing temporal dynamics in dynamic personality regulation
Authors: Wilt Joshua , Revelle Wiliam 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPeople change over time. These changes are thought to represent some self‐regulatory, dynamic processes. However, dynamic processes need to be distinguished from mere stochastic variation. Just as the Brownian motion of a dust mote does not help us understand the basic principles of classical physics, neither does random variation within an individual describe the complexity of self‐regulatory processes. This regulation implies solving the problem of competing goals and desires within the constraints of situational presses. And what people feel, think, and do at one moment affects what they feel, think and do in the next moment. Thus, describing and explaining change over time must focus on dynamics in response to environmental cues and competing internal states. That is, we must include time and change over time in our models. We will outline the constructs needed to examine time explicitly in models of personality regulation, distinguishing between those that are not inherently temporal from those that are. We will discuss how computational modeling approaches may be used to study temporal dynamics and explain personality consistency and change. We will consider different time scales and discuss how an information processing perspective may inform choices regarding time scale and corresponding contexts for empirical studies.
The innovator's media dilemma: How journalists cover incumbents' adoption of discontinuous technologies
Authors: Graf‐Vlachy Lorenz , König Andreas , Banfield Richard , Rauch Markus , Boutalikakis Angelo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe offer a new vantage to the literature on the role of infomediaries in incumbent firms' struggles to adopt discontinuous technologies: the perspective of news media. Specifically, we combine the discontinuous technology literature with studies on news media journalism to theorize that journalists cover an incumbent's new product introductions differently, depending on whether a given new product builds on a discontinuous technology or on the respective established, continuous technology. First, discontinuous‐technology‐based product introductions receive a greater volume of coverage than continuous‐technology‐based product introductions because journalists prefer covering issues that are novel, deviate from the conventional, and potentially strongly impact society. Second, the coverage of discontinuous‐technology‐based product introductions is more divergent in tenor than the coverage of continuous‐technology‐based product introductions, as journalists seek to present opposing and thus more engaging opinions. Our analyses of unique archival data from two samples of product introductions in the automotive and photography industries, respectively, support our hypotheses. We also find intriguing indications that news media coverage of new products introductions using hybrid technologies is significantly context‐dependent. Overall, our study points to so‐far undescribed, media‐related dilemmas for incumbent firms that aim to adopt discontinuous technologies.
Effect of residence in nonmetropolitan counties on stage and tumor size at diagnosis in patients with breast cancer: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results analysis
Authors: Benavides‐Vasquez Jorge , Shen Chan , McDonald Alicia , Wang Li 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the influence of residence in nonmetropolitan versus metropolitan counties on stage and tumor size at diagnosis in patients with breast cancer in the United States.MethodsWomen with a primary diagnosis of breast cancer between 2010 and 2015 were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Logistic regression was used to model the effect of residence in nonmetropolitan counties on cancer stage and tumor size, adjusted for age, marital status, and 2 county‐level socioeconomic variables.ResultsThe final sample included 267,691 patients. More patients were diagnosed at advanced stages (III‐IV vs I‐II: 51.11% vs 50.21%) and with larger tumors (>2 cm vs < = 2 cm: 47.62% vs 46.77%) in nonmetropolitan counties. After adjustment, residence in nonmetro counties was not associated with advanced stage at diagnosis (OR = 0.987; 95% CI: 0.959‐1.015) or tumor size >2 cm at diagnosis (OR = 0.997; 95% CI: 0.969‐1.026). In stratified analysis by race/ethnicity, however, non‐Hispanic White patients in nonmetropolitan counties were significantly more likely to have an advanced stage (OR = 1.035, 95% CI: 1.003‐1.068) and tumor sizes >2 cm (OR = 1.051; 95% CI: 1.018‐1.084) at diagnosis.ConclusionsResidence in nonmetropolitan counties in the United States was not associated with advanced stage or tumor size >2 cm at diagnosis in cases of breast cancer, compared to the residence in metropolitan counties. However, among non‐Hispanic White females, residence in nonmetropolitan counties was associated with significantly higher odds of having an advanced stage and a tumor size >2 cm at diagnosis.
Understanding the effects of jury service on jurors' trust in courts
Authors: Pennington Liana , Dolliver Matthew J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractJury service is a positive, even transformative, experience for many jurors. Prior research establishes that jurors who deliberate on a court case develop more positive views of courts in the relatively short time of jury service, but we know little about the reasons underlying why these positive changes develop. This research focuses on changes in jurors' views after serving on criminal cases because jury service is one of the few opportunities community members have to participate directly in the criminal justice system, with jurors acting as the conscience of the community regarding the extent of prosecutorial power. Unlike most work using actual jurors, this research utilizes surveys with jurors both before and after jury service to understand how jury service brings about increased trust in courts. We examine the influence of three categories of potential factors, deliberating on a case, juror satisfaction, and jurors' attitudes relating to law and justice, finding all three categories work together to significantly predict whether jurors' trust in courts increases, decreases, or stays the same. Policy suggestions include developing innovative ways to capitalize on the positive and overall legitimizing aspects of jury service in criminal cases by increasing community members' meaningful involvement in the courts.
Stability justice: Petitioners versus non-petitioners in China's criminal adjudication
Authors: Feng Yuqing , Zeng Yu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDifferent from “judicial repression,” stability justice targets ordinary individuals under the guise of formal judicial procedures, to maintain both social stability and governance legitimacy. Drawing on published judgments and the authors' interviews with judges and prosecutors in China, we find that, in conjunction with the gradual abandonment of traditional violent repression strategies, stability justice has been employed as an alternative tool for managing petitioning activities at the local level. Through the covertly biased application of legal rules and procedural norms, petitioners accused of threatening social stability receive longer terms of pre-trial detention, higher rates of detention before politically sensitive periods, longer custodial sentences, and fewer opportunities for probation. Our findings add new fuel to studies on comparative judicial politics and shed light on judicial behavior in contemporary China.
Glial aging and its impact on central nervous system myelin regeneration
Authors: Rawji Khalil S. , Neumann Björn , Franklin Robin J. M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAging is a major risk factor for several neurodegenerative diseases and is associated with cognitive decline. In addition to affecting neuronal function, the aging process significantly affects the functional phenotype of the glial cell compartment, comprising oligodendrocyte lineage cells, astrocytes, and microglia. These changes result in a more inflammatory microenvironment, resulting in a condition that is favorable for neuron and synapse loss. In addition to facilitating neurodegeneration, the aging glial cell population has negative implications for central nervous system remyelination, a regenerative process that is of particular importance to the chronic demyelinating disease multiple sclerosis. This review will discuss the changes that occur with aging in the three main glial populations and provide an overview of the studies documenting the impact these changes have on remyelination.
Age matters if you are cheese, wine or a third molar: Correlating age with the indications for and complications following third molar removal
Authors: Azher Simra , Delpachitra Seth N. , Kumar Ricky , Chandu Arun , Garg Krati 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveAdvanced age is a well‐recognised risk factor for complications following third molar surgery. However, age is largely exempt as consideration in published guidelines regarding the indications for third molar removal. This cross‐sectional study aimed to examine changes in the indications for third molar removal with increasing age.Materials and MethodsThis was a retrospective cross‐sectional study of 500 consecutive patient records totalling 1446 third molar extractions. The primary measures examined were the patient's age and the surgeon's documented indication for third molar removal. Secondary measures included gender, smoking status, IAN proximity, number of teeth extracted per patient, and short‐term postoperative outcome.ResultsOlder patients were significantly more likely to undergo third molar extraction for periodontal disease and caries of adjacent teeth. Prolonged socket pain at 2 weeks was the most common complication encountered by patients across all age groups. Adults below age 25 were 1.69 times more likely to have uneventful healing (p < 0.02).ConclusionOlder patients are more likely to experience a slower postoperative course following third molar removal, as well as increased complications. Prophylactic removal of symptom‐free third molars may be justified to prevent adjacent caries, periodontal disease and odontogenic infections later in life.
Comparison of Long‐Term Outcomes between the n‐HA/PA66 Cage and the PEEK Cage Used in Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Lumbar Degenerative Disease: A Matched‐Pair Case Control Study
Authors: Zhang Zhuang , Hu Bo‐wen , Wang Liang , Yang Hui‐liang , Li Tao , Liu Li‐min , Yang Xi , Song Yue‐ming 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveThe nanohydroxyapatite/polyamide‐66 (n‐HA/PA66) cage is a novel bioactive nonmetal cage that is now used in some medical centers, while the polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cage is a typical device that has been widely used for decades with excellent clinical outcomes. This study was performed to compare the long‐term radiographic and clinical outcomes of these two different cages used in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF).MethodsIn this retrospective and matched‐pair case control study, we included 200 patients who underwent TLIF from January 2010 to December 2014 with a minimum 7‐year follow‐up. One hundred patients who used n‐HA/PA66 cages were matched with 100 patients who used PEEK cages for age, sex, diagnosis, and fusion level. The independent student's t‐test and Pearson's chi‐square test were used to compare the two groups regarding radiographic (fusion status, cage subsidence rate, segmental angle [SA], and interbody space height [IH]) and clinical (Oswestry Disability Index [ODI], and Visual Analog Scale [VAS] for back and leg) parameters preoperatively, postoperatively, and at the final follow‐up.ResultsThe n‐HA/PA66 and PEEK groups had similar fusion rates of bone inside and outside the cage at the final follow‐up (95.3% vs 91.8%, p = 0.181, 92.4% vs 90.1%, p = 0.435). The cage union ratios exposed to the upper and lower endplates of the n‐HA/PA66 group were significantly larger than those of the PEEK group (p < 0.05). The respective cage subsidence rates in the n‐HA/PA66 and PEEK groups were 10.5% and 17.5% (p = 0.059). There were no significant differences between the two groups in the SA, IH, ODI scores, or VAS scores at any time point. The n‐HA/PA66 group showed high fusion and low subsidence rates during long‐term follow‐up.ConclusionBoth n‐HA/PA66 and PEEK cages can achieve satisfactory long‐term clinical and radiographic outcomes in TLIF. However, the n‐HA/PA66 group showed significantly larger cage union ratios than the PEEK group. Therefore, the results indicated that the n‐HA/PA66 cage is an ideal alternative material comparable to the PEEK cage in TLIF.
Roles of auxin response factors in rice development and stress responses
Authors: Song Xiaoyun , Xiong Yali , Kong Xiuzhen , Huang Guoqiang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAuxin signalling plays a key role in various developmental processes ranging from embryogenesis to senescence in plants. Auxin response factor (ARF), a key component of auxin signalling, functions by binding to auxin response element within promoter of auxin response genes, activating or repressing the target genes. Increasing evidences show that ARFs are crucial for plant response to stresses. This review summarises the recent advance on the functions and their regulatory pathways of rice ARFs in development and responding to stresses. The importance of OsARFs is demonstrated by their roles in triggering various physiological, biochemical and molecular reactions to resist adverse environmental conditions. We also describe the transcriptional and post‐transcriptional regulation of OsARFs, and discuss the major challenges in this area.
Genome‐wide association and genomic selection in aquaculture
Authors: Yáñez José M. , Barría Agustín , López María E. , Moen Thomas , Garcia Baltasar F. , Yoshida Grazyella M. , Xu Peng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRecent advancements in genomic technologies have led to the discovery and application of DNA‐markers [e.g. single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)] for the genetic improvement of several aquaculture species. The identification of specific genomic regions associated with economically important traits, using, for example, genome‐wide association studies (GWAS), has allowed the discovery and incorporation of markers linked to quantitative trait loci (QTL) into aquaculture breeding programs through marker‐assisted selection (MAS). However, most of the traits of economic relevance are expected to be controlled by many QTLs, each one explaining only a small proportion of the genetic variation. For traits under polygenic control, prediction of the genetic merit of animals based on the sum of effects at positions across the entire genome (i.e. genomic estimated breeding values, GEBV, which are used for what has become known as genomic selection), has been demonstrated to speed the rate of genetic gain for several traits in aquaculture breeding. The aim of this review was to provide an overview of the development and application of genomic technologies in uncovering the genetic basis of complex traits and accelerating the genetic progress in aquaculture species, as well as providing future perspectives about the deployment of novel molecular technologies for selective breeding in coming years.
Small Data, Big Time—A Retrospect of the First Weeks of COVID-19
Authors: Zhao Qingyuan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article reviews some early investigations and research studies in the first weeks of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic from a statistician's perspective. These investigations were based on very small datasets but were momentous in the initial global reactions to the pandemic. The article discusses the initial evidence of high infectiousness of COVID-19 and why that conclusion was not reached faster than in reality. Further reanalyses of some published COVID-19 studies show that the epidemic growth was dramatically underestimated by compartmental models, and the lack of fit could have been clearly identified by simple data visualization. Finally, some lessons for statisticians are discussed.
Quantifying the Economic Response to COVID-19 Mitigations and Death Rates Via Forecasting Purchasing Managers' Indices Using Generalised Network Autoregressive Models with Exogenous Variables
Authors: Nason Guy P. , Wei James L. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractKnowledge of the current state of economies, how they respond to COVID-19 mitigations and indicators, and what the future might hold for them is important. We use recently developed generalised network autoregressive (GNAR) models, using trade-determined networks, to model and forecast the Purchasing Managers' Indices for a number of countries. We use networks that link countries where the links themselves, or their weights, are determined by the degree of export trade between the countries. We extend these models to include node-specific time series exogenous variables (GNARX models), using this to incorporate COVID-19 mitigation stringency indices and COVID-19 death rates into our analysis. The highly parsimonious GNAR models considerably outperform vector autoregressive models in terms of mean-squared forecasting error and our GNARX models themselves outperform GNAR ones. Further mixed frequency modelling predicts the extent to which that the UK economy will be affected by harsher, weaker or no interventions.
Hemophagocytic syndrome in a cat with immune‐mediated hemolytic anemia
Authors: Tagawa Michihito , Aoki Minori , Uemura Akiko , Yanagawa Masashi , Mineshige Takayuki , Watanabe Ken‐ichi , Kobayashi Yoshiyasu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA 10‐year‐old spayed female domestic short‐haired cat presented with depression, anorexia, and tachypnea. A complete blood count revealed moderate regenerative anemia, severe leukopenia, and mild thrombocytopenia. Antibodies against feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) were also detected. Abdominal radiography and ultrasonography revealed severe splenomegaly. Cytologic evaluation of the spleen revealed macrophagic infiltration with hemophagocytosis. Bone marrow aspiration revealed erythroid hyperplasia with no other abnormalities. A presumptive diagnosis of hemophagocytic syndrome secondary to immune‐mediated hemolytic anemia was made based on a positive direct Coombs test result. Blood transfusion, prednisolone, and immunosuppressive treatments were performed; however, the blood abnormalities did not improve. The cat was then administered prednisolone and chlorambucil, followed by splenectomy. Leukopenia immediately recovered, and packed cell volume increased slightly. However, the blood abnormalities recurred, and the cat died. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of hemophagocytic syndrome secondary to immune‐mediated disease in an FIV‐positive cat.