bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can the MRI based AMADEUS score accurately assess pre-surgery chondral defect severity according to the ICRS arthroscopic classification system?
Authors: Heinz Tizian , Meller Felix , Luetkens Karsten Sebastian , Horas Konstantin , Schäfer Thomas , Rudert Maximilian , Reppenhagen Stephan , Weißenberger Manuel 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The AMADEUS (Area Measurement And DEpth and Underlying Structures) scoring and grading system has been proposed for the MRI based evaluation of untreated focal chondral defects around the knee. The clinical practicability, its correlation with arthroscopically assessed grading systems (ICRS – International Cartilage Repair Society) and thereby its clinical value in terms of decision making and guiding prognosis was yet to determine.

Methods
From 2008 to 2019 a total of 89 individuals were indicated for high tibial valgus osteotomy (HTO) due to tibial varus deformity and concomitant chondral defects of the medial compartment of the knee. All patients received a preoperative MRI (1.5 Tesla or 3.0 Tesla) and pre-osteotomy diagnostic arthroscopy. Chondral defects of the medial compartment were scored and graded with the MRI based AMADEUS by three independent raters and compared to arthroscopic defect grading by the ICRS system. Interrater and intrarater reliability as well as correlation analysis with the ICRS classification system were assessed.

Results
Intraclass correlation coefficients for the various subscores of the AMADEUS showed an overall good to excellent interrater agreement (min: 0.26, max: 0.80). Intrarater agreement turned out to be substantially inferior (min: 0.08, max: 0.53). Spearman correlation revealed an overall moderate correlative association of the AMADEUS subscores with the ICRS classification system, apart from the defect area subscore. Sensitivity of the AMADEUS to accurately identify defect severity according to the ICRS was 0.7 (0.69 for 3.0 Tesla MRI, 0.67 for 1.5 Tesla MRI). The mean AMADEUS grade was 2.60 ± 0.81 and the mean ICRS score 2.90 ± 0.63.

Conclusions
Overall, the AMADEUS with all its subscores shows moderate correlation with the arthroscopic chondral grading system according to ICRS. This suggests that chondral defect grading by means of the MRI based AMADEUS is well capable of influencing and guiding treatment decisions. Interrater reliability shows overall good agreement.
Unsatisfactory accuracy of recent robotic assisting system ROSA for total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Shin Caleb , Crovetti Chelsea , Huo Enshuo , Lionberger David 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to quantify accuracy of a recently FDA-approved robotic-assisted device.

Methods
Thirty-seven patients underwent TKA with the Robotic Surgical Assistant (ROSA) by the same operating surgeon and team over the course of 3 months. Intra-operative mechanical axis measurements, composed of alpha (α), beta (β), gamma (γ), and delta (δ) angles, and the hip-knee-ankle angle (HKA) were calculated by the ROSA. Post-operative mechanical implant angles were taken from 36″ stitched post-op films and measured in the PACS imaging system. Accuracy was assessed by comparing the percentage of postoperative long length films within 2° and 3° of the ROSA intra-operative plan.

Results
The ROSA system accurately calculated the HKA, α, and β angles (95% CI), but was inaccurate in calculating both γ and δ angles. Using a window of ± 3° accuracy, the HKA, α and β angles were accurate at levels of 89, 100 and 92% respectively. In contrast, the sagittal relationships were considerably less accurate at 77 and 74% for the γ and δ angles respectively. Subsequently, the proportion of cases within 2 and 3 degrees of the intra-operative plan for resection angles was considered accurate for HKA (73% within 2°, 89% within 3°), α (92% within 2°, 100% within 3°), and β (76% within 2°, 92% within 3°) angles, but considered inaccurate for γ (51% within 2°, 77% within 3°) and δ angles (57% within 2°, 74% within 3°).

Conclusions
This study demonstrated that while the ROSA system seems to accurately predict coronal plane resections in TKA, it falls short in the sagittal plane. Further research in these deficiencies can provide insight into the overall efficacy of robotic assisted surgery in TKA.

Level of Evidence
Level III Therapeutic Study.
External and Internal Load Variables Encountered During Training and Games in Female Basketball Players According to Playing Level and Playing Position: A Systematic Review
Authors: Power Cody J. , Fox Jordan L. , Dalbo Vincent J. , Scanlan Aaron T. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundDespite the growing global participation of females in basketball and number of studies conducted on the topic, no research has summarized the external and internal load variables encountered by female basketball players during training and games.ObjectiveTo collate existing literature investigating external and internal load variables during training and games in female basketball players according to playing level (club, high-school, representative, collegiate, semi-professional, and professional) and playing position (backcourt and frontcourt players).MethodsA systematic review of the literature was performed using PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science to identify studies published from database inception until June 11, 2021. Studies eligible for inclusion were observational and cross-sectional studies, published in English, reporting external and/or internal load variables during training sessions and/or games. Methodological quality and bias were assessed for each study prior to data extraction using a modified Downs and Black checklist. Weighted means according to playing level and playing position were calculated and compared if a load variable was reported across two or more player samples and were consistent regarding key methodological procedures including the seasonal phase monitored, minimum exposure time set for including player data (playing time during games), approach to measure session duration, and approach to measure session intensity.ResultsThe search yielded 5513 studies of which 1541 studies were duplicates. A further 3929 studies were excluded based on title and abstract review, with 11 more studies excluded based on full-text review. Consequently, 32 studies were included in our review. Due to the wide array of methodological approaches utilized across studies for examined variables, comparisons could only be made according to playing level for blood lactate concentration during games, revealing backcourt players experienced higher lactate responses than frontcourt players (5.2 ± 1.9 mmol·L−1vs. 4.4 ± 1.8 mmol·L−1).ConclusionsInconsistencies in the methods utilized to measure common load variables across studies limited our ability to report and compare typical external and internal loads during training and games according to playing level and position in female basketball players. It is essential that standardized methodological approaches are established for including player data as well as measuring session duration (e.g., total time, live time) and intensity (e.g., consistent rating of perceived exertion scales, intensity zone cut points) in future female basketball research to permit meaningful interpretation and comparisons of load monitoring data across studies.
si-Tgfbr1-loading liposomes inhibit shoulder capsule fibrosis via mimicking the protective function of exosomes from patients with adhesive capsulitis
Authors: Sun Yaying , Luo Zhiwen , Chen Yisheng , Lin Jinrong , Zhang Yuhan , Qi Beijie , Chen Jiwu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Adhesive capsulitis is a common shoulder disorder inducing joint capsule fibrosis and pain. When combined with rotator cuff tear (RCT), treatments can be more complex. Currently, targeted therapy is lacking. Since adhesive capsulitis is reported to be related to circulating materials, we analyzed the contents and biology of circulating exosomes from RCT patients with and without adhesive capsulitis, in an attempt to developing a targeting treatment.

Methods
Samples from a consecutive cohort of patients with RCT for surgery were collected. Circulating exosomal miRNAs sequencing were used to detect differentially expressed miRNAs in patients with and without adhesive capsulitis. For experiments in vitro, Brdu staining, CCK-8 assay, wound healing test, collagen contraction test, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and western blot were conducted. Histological and immunofluorescent staining, and biomechanical analysis were applied in a mouse model of shoulder stiffness. The characteristics of liposomes loaded with siRNA were measured via dynamic light scattering or electron microscopy.

Results
Circulating exosomal miRNAs sequencing showed that, compared to exosomes from patients without adhesive capsulitis, miR-142 was significantly up-regulated in exosomes from adhesive capsulitis (Exo-S). Both Exo-S and miR-142 could inhibit fibrogenesis, and the anti-fibrotic effect of Exo-S relied on miR-142. The target of miR-142 was proven to be transforming growth factor β receptor 1 (Tgfbr1). Then, liposomes were developed and loaded with si-Tgfbr1. The si-Tgfbr1-loading liposomes exhibited promising therapeutic effect against shoulder stiffness in mouse model with no evidence toxicity.

Conclusion
This study showed that, in RCT patients with adhesive capsulitis, circulating exosomes are protective and have anti-fibrotic potential. This effect is related to the contained miR-142, which targets Tgfbr1. By mimicking this biological function, liposomes loaded with si-Tgfbr1 can mitigate shoulder stiffness pre-clinically.
Artificial olfactory sensor technology that mimics the olfactory mechanism: a comprehensive review
Authors: Kim Chuntae , Lee Kyung Kwan , Kang Moon Sung , Shin Dong-Myeong , Oh Jin-Woo , Lee Chang-Soo , Han Dong-Wook 
Published: August 2022

AbstractArtificial olfactory sensors that recognize patterns transmitted by olfactory receptors are emerging as a technology for monitoring volatile organic compounds. Advances in statistical processing methods and data processing technology have made it possible to classify patterns in sensor arrays. Moreover, biomimetic olfactory recognition sensors in the form of pattern recognition have been developed. Deep learning and artificial intelligence technologies have enabled the classification of pattern data from more sensor arrays, and improved artificial olfactory sensor technology is being developed with the introduction of artificial neural networks. An example of an artificial olfactory sensor is the electronic nose. It is an array of various types of sensors, such as metal oxides, electrochemical sensors, surface acoustic waves, quartz crystal microbalances, organic dyes, colorimetric sensors, conductive polymers, and mass spectrometers. It can be tailored depending on the operating environment and the performance requirements of the artificial olfactory sensor. This review compiles artificial olfactory sensor technology based on olfactory mechanisms. We introduce the mechanisms of artificial olfactory sensors and examples used in food quality and stability assessment, environmental monitoring, and diagnostics. Although current artificial olfactory sensor technology has several limitations and there is limited commercialization owing to reliability and standardization issues, there is considerable potential for developing this technology. Artificial olfactory sensors are expected to be widely used in advanced pattern recognition and learning technologies, along with advanced sensor technology in the future.
Investigation for the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccine in Japanese CKD patients treated with hemodialysis
Authors: Yoshifuji Ayumi , Toda Masataro , Ryuzaki Munekazu , Kikuchi Kan , Kawai Toru , Sakai Ken , Oyama Emi , Koinuma Masayoshi , Katayama Kazuhiko , Uehara Yuki , Ohmagari Norio , Kanno Yoshihiko , Kon Hirofumi , Shinoda Toshio , Takano Yaoko , Tanaka Junko , Hora Kazuhiko , Nakazawa Yasushi , Hasegawa Naoki , Hanafusa Norio , Hinoshita Fumihiko , Morikane Keita , Wakino Shu , Nakamoto Hidetomo , Takemoto Yoshiaki 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Dialysis patients are predisposed to severe disease and have a high mortality rate in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to their comorbidities and immunocompromised conditions. Therefore, dialysis patients should be prioritized for vaccination. This study aimed to examine how long the effects of the vaccine are maintained and what factors affect antibody titers.

Methods
Hemodialysis patients (HD group) and age- and sex-matched non-dialysis individuals (Control group), receiving two doses of BNT162b2 vaccine, were recruited through the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy (JSDT) Web site in July 2021. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin (IgG) (SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers) was measured before vaccination, 3 weeks after the first vaccination, 2 weeks after the second vaccination, and 3 months after the second vaccination, and was compared between Control group and HD group. Factors affecting SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers were also examined using multivariable regression analysis and stepwise regression analysis (least AIC). In addition, we compared adverse reactions in Control and HD groups and examined the relationship between adverse reactions and SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers.

Results
Our study enrolled 123 participants in the Control group (62.6% men, median age 67.0 years) and 206 patients in the HD group (64.1% men, median age 66.4 years). HD group had significantly lower SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers at 3 weeks after the first vaccination (p < 0.0001), 2 weeks after second vaccination (p = 0.0002), and 3 months after the second vaccination (p = 0.045) than Control group. However, the reduction rate of SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers between 2 weeks and 3 months after the second vaccination was significantly smaller in HD group than in Control (p = 0.048). Stepwise regression analysis revealed that dialysis time was identified as the significant independent factors for SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers at 2 weeks after the second vaccination in HD group (p = 0.002) and longer dialysis time resulted in higher maximum antibody titers. The incidences of fever and nausea after the second vaccination were significantly higher in the HD group (p = 0.039 and p = 0.020). Antibody titers in those with fever were significantly higher than those without fever in both groups (HD: p = 0.0383, Control: p = 0.0096).

Conclusion
HD patients had significantly lower antibody titers than age- and sex-matched non-dialysis individuals over 3 months after vaccination. Dialysis time was identified as a factor affecting SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers in HD group, with longer dialysis time resulting in higher maximum SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers.
Predictors of three months mortality after endovascular mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Farghaly Wafaa M. , Ahmed Mohamed A. , El-Bassiouny Ahmed , Hamed Ahmed A. , Shehata Ghaydaa A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
This study aims to determine predictive factors of mortality within 3 months after mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

Methods
This prospective cohort study was carried out at Assiut University stroke center in collaboration with Ain Shams University Egypt. Forty-four patients with anterior circulation AIS underwent MT between the first of January 2020 to the end of December 2020. They were evaluated for detection of death rates and identification of risks of 3-month mortality after MT.

Results
This study comprised 44 patients (52.3% male) with a mean age of 64.3 years. The mean time from onset to femoral arterial puncture was 304.1 min. The mean Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score were 9.3 and 19.2, respectively. The 3-month mortality rate was 13.6%. Univariate analyses found that higher baseline NIHSS score (mean 22.2 vs. 18.7, p = 0.021), absence of good collateral (16.7% vs. 68.4%, p = 0.02), longer duration of procedure ≥ 60 min (66.7% vs. 23.7%, p = 0.032), lower rates of successful recanalization (83.3% vs. 28.9%, p = 0.01) and developing symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (33.3% vs. 5.3%, p = 0.026) were associated with 3-month mortality. Multivariate analyses found that low rates of successful recanalization (OR 0.081; 95% CI 0.009–0.780, p = 0.030) remained significant independent predictive factor of 3-month mortality.

Conclusion
Successful recanalization was an independent predictor of 3-month mortality after MT.
MAML2 negative oncocytic mucoepidermoid carcinoma of submandibular gland
Authors: Kamal Maria , Afzal Anoshia , Gillies Elizabeth 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Oncocytic mucoepidermoid carcinoma is a rare variant of mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Only a few cases are reported involving mostly the parotid gland with only four cases reported in the submandibular gland. Mastermind-like 2 (MAML2) translocation is detected in about 66% mucoepidermoid carcinoma and many oncocytic mucoepidermoid carcinoma.

Case presentation
We present a rare case of MAML2 negative oncocytic mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the submandibular gland in a 73-year-old female. CT revealed a large left submandibular gland mass. Submandibular gland resection with marginal mandibulectomy and ipsilateral neck dissection was performed. Grossly, a solid-cystic submandibular gland tumor was identified. Microscopic examination revealed an infiltrative proliferation of oncocytes. Foci of squamoid and intermediate cells with rare mucocytes were present. Two ipsilateral cervical lymph nodes and mandible were involved. Immunohistochemistry and special stains demonstrated positivity for p63, p40, CK5/6, mucicarmine and alcian blue. No MAML2 gene rearrangement was identified.

Conclusion
An awareness that MAML2 negative mucoepidermoid carcinoma exists will prevent misdiagnosis and incorrect treatment as many of its differential diagnoses are benign.
Succession in the caecal microbiota of developing broilers colonised by extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli
Authors: Cárdenas-Rey Ingrid , Bello Gonzalez Teresita d. J. , van der Goot Jeanet , Ceccarelli Daniela , Bouwhuis Gerwin , Schillemans Danielle , Jurburg Stephanie D. , Veldman Kees T. , de Visser J. Arjan G. M. , Brouwer Michael S. M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Broilers are among the most common and dense poultry production systems, where antimicrobials have been used extensively to promote animal health and performance. The continuous usage of antimicrobials has contributed to the appearance of resistant bacteria, such as extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-Ec). Here, we studied the ESBL-Ec prevalence and successional dynamics of the caecal microbiota of developing broilers in a commercial flock during their production life cycle (0–35 days). Broilers were categorised as ESBL-Ec colonised (ESBL-Ec+) or ESBL-Ec non-colonised (ESBL-Ec−) by selective culturing. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we i. compared the richness, evenness and composition of the caecal microbiota of both broilers’ groups and ii. assessed the combined role of age and ESBL-Ec status on the broilers’ caecal microbiota.

Results
From day two, we observed an increasing linear trend in the proportions of ESBL-Ec throughout the broilers' production life cycle, X2 (1, N = 12) = 28.4, p < 0.001. Over time, the caecal microbiota richness was consistently higher in ESBL-Ec− broilers, but significant differences between both broilers’ groups were found exclusively on day three (Wilcoxon rank-sum test, p = 0.016). Bray–Curtis distance-based RDA (BC-dbRDA) showed no explanatory power of ESBL-Ec status, while age explained 14% of the compositional variation of the caecal microbiota, F (2, 66) = 6.47, p = 0.001.

Conclusions
This study assessed the role of ESBL-Ec in the successional dynamics of the caecal microbiota in developing broilers and showed that the presence of ESBL-Ec is associated with mild but consistent reductions in alpha diversity and with transient bacterial compositional differences. We also reported the clonal spread of ESBL-Ec and pointed to the farm environment as a likely source for ESBLs.
Role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in assessment of HCC patients after therapeutic interventions compared to DW MRI
Authors: Nashi Ibrahem Taha , Morsy Hossam Abdelkader , Shalaby Mennatallah Hatem , Ali Susan Adil 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide in both men and women. Early-stage HCCs are treated either by curative surgical resection and/or by locoregional interventions, such as radiofrequency ablation or trans-arterial chemoembolization. Functional imaging as diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW MRI) and metabolic imaging with 18F-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) has been used for assessment of treatment response. This retrospective study was conducted on 29 patients known to have HCC with locoregional therapeutic interventions and referred for radiological follow-up searching for residual/recurrence neoplasia or metastatic deposits. The study aimed to assess the benefits of using the metabolic parameters of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the follow-up of HCC patients after therapeutic interventions in comparison with DW MRI.

Results
Regarding qualitative assessment of residual active viable HCC by PET/CT and DW MRI, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPP and accuracy were 77.3%, 91.7%, 94.4%, 68.8%, 82.4% and 95.5%, 75%, 87.5%, 90%, 88.2%, respectively. The optimal cutoff point of the SUVmax to differentiate viable from non-viable HCC was 3.4 (AUC = 0.898), with sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of 77.27%, 100.0%, 100.0% and 66.7%, respectively. The optimal ADC cutoff value for discrimination between viable and non-viable HCC was 1247 mm2/s (AUC = 0.976) with sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of 90.48%, 100.0%, 100.0% and 83.3%, respectively. New hepatic lesions were found in 38.2% of patients by DW MRI, while detected only in 26.5% of patients by PET/CT. The PET/CT revealed extrahepatic metastasis in 44.1% of patients, while detected only in 8.8% of patients by DW MRI.

Conclusions
DWI was more sensitive than PET/CT for detecting tumor residual and hepatic recurrence compared to PET/CT which was much better in detecting distant metastases.