bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent trends in vanadium-based SCR catalysts for NOx reduction in industrial applications: stationary sources
Authors: Ye Bora , Jeong Bora , Lee Myeung-jin , Kim Tae Hyeong , Park Sam-Sik , Jung Jaeil , Lee Seunghyun , Kim Hong-Dae 
Published: November 2022

AbstractVanadium-based catalysts have been used for several decades in ammonia-based selective catalytic reduction (NH3-SCR) processes for reducing NOx emissions from various stationary sources (power plants, chemical plants, incinerators, steel mills, etc.) and mobile sources (large ships, automobiles, etc.). Vanadium-based catalysts containing various vanadium species have a high NOx reduction efficiency at temperatures of 350–400 °C, even if the vanadium species are added in small amounts. However, the strengthening of NOx emission regulations has necessitated the development of catalysts with higher NOx reduction efficiencies. Furthermore, there are several different requirements for the catalysts depending on the target industry and application. In general, the composition of SCR catalyst is determined by the components of the fuel and flue gas for a particular application. It is necessary to optimize the catalyst with regard to the reaction temperature, thermal and chemical durability, shape, and other relevant factors. This review comprehensively analyzes the properties that are required for SCR catalysts in different industries and the development strategies of high-performance and low-temperature vanadium-based catalysts. To analyze the recent research trends, the catalysts employed in power plants, incinerators, as well as cement and steel industries, that emit the highest amount of nitrogen oxides, are presented in detail along with their limitations. The recent developments in catalyst composition, structure, dispersion, and side reaction suppression technology to develop a high-efficiency catalyst are also summarized. As the composition of the vanadium-based catalyst depends mostly on the usage in stationary sources, various promoters and supports that improve the catalyst activity and suppress side reactions, along with the studies on the oxidation state of vanadium, are presented. Furthermore, the research trends related to the nano-dispersion of catalytically active materials using various supports, and controlling the side reactions using the structure of shaped catalysts are summarized. The review concludes with a discussion of the development direction and future prospects for high-efficiency SCR catalysts in different industrial fields.
Prevalence of hepatic vascular anomalies in consecutive contrast-enhanced computed tomography images — a retrospective observational study
Authors: Rajapriyan Panneerselvam , Dutta Souradeep , Nagarajan Krishnan , Ariharan Krishnaraj , Ramakrishnaiah Vishnu Prasad Nelamangala 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Liver is a complex, highly vascular organ, where anatomical variations are the norm. This study aimed to analyze all the three hepatic vascular anatomical variations in a single study which would help us understand the prevalence of hepatic vascular (arterial, portal, venous) anomalies in the population catered to by our institution.

Methods
A retrospective analysis of 545 contrast-enhanced CT scans was done from November 2019 from the institute PACS after satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The raw imaging data were processed in PACS software — Centricity™ Universal Viewer and Syngo.via Vb20 platform, for axial, coronal, and axial-oblique multiplanar reformation, maximum intensity projection (MIP), and volume rendering (VR) images. Data were analyzed in the three vascular phases to determine the anatomical variations. Analysis was done by two surgical residents in the division of HPB surgery, which was verified by a certified radiologist.

Results
There were no major differences in the prevalence rates of the vascular anomalies across gender and domicile distributions. The prevalence of normal hepatic artery and variant hepatic artery in our study was 69% and 31%, respectively. Accessory left hepatic artery (10%) was the most common hepatic artery variant in our study. Single RHV was seen in 77.4%, and other RHV variants like two RHV with common trunk, two RHV with independent drainage, and three RHV with common trunk contribute 22.6% of our study population. Accessory inferior RHV was seen in 19.8% of the study population. Normal portal vein anatomy was found in 81.1% in our study, and the most common variant in our study population was trifurcation of portal vein (16.1%).

Conclusion
This was the largest study until date from South India, studying all three hepatic vascular anatomical variations in a single study. Variations in the anatomy of hepatic arteries, portal veins, and hepatic veins are common. A good knowledge of the same is necessary especially for a hepatobiliary surgeon or for an interventional radiologist, to plan and avoid complications during a procedure. Preoperative contrast-enhanced CT scan and whenever necessary a VR or a MIP reconstruction will precisely help in identifying these variations.
Prescribing practices of Hormone Therapy for Menopausal females by OBGYN of Pakistan
Authors: Shah Nighat , Tariq Dr Hira , Fahad Khan Dr Farah , Shah Dr Nusrat 
Published: November 2022

Objectives: To assess the prescribing practice of obstetricians and gynecologists (OBGYN) regarding Menopausal Hormone therapy (MHT) for menopausal females and assess the knowledge regarding indications for prescribing MHT and identify the barriers to HRT.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from May 2021 to December 2021. The participants were OBGYN experts (MCPS, FCPS, MRCOG) and senior experts. The tool was formulated after looking at contemporary literature and then validated by experts for face, content and construct validity. It was piloted and hence fourth given to study participants after approval by IRB of JSMU. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 22. Mean and Standard Deviation of categories in Likert scale were calculated.
Results: Majority of the participant gynecologists prescribed HRT for Hot flushes and vaginal dryness having the highest mean scores nearing 4 on a Likert scale of (1-5). The prescription for other menopausal symptoms was observed to be less. The highest score for category of women in whom hormone therapy is specifically justified was “Premature ovarian failure” (4.37) followed by “Hysterectomy with bilateral oophorectomy before the age of 50” (4.23).
Conclusion: Pakistani gynecologists are more cautious in their management strategies concerning MHT. Most of the gynecologists showed good and up to date information while prescribing MHT however knowledge for preventing fractures, alleviating anxiety/depression and weight gain was less among the gynecologist of Pakistan. We recommend refresher courses and online webinars for updated information on menopause and its management.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.6176
How to cite this: Shah N, Tariq H, Khan F, Shah N. Prescribing practices of Hormone Therapy for Menopausal females by OBGYN of Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(1):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.6176
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The effect of low-molecular-weight heparin combined with amikacin on the coagulation function and bacterial clearance in the treatment of patients with severe senile pneumonia
Authors: Luo Aihong , Liu Ya 
Published: November 2022

Objective: To analyze the effect of the combined low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) and amikacin treatment on the bacterial clearance and changes in coagulation function in patients with severe pneumonia (SP).
Methods: A single-center retrospective observational study was conducted. Medical records of 526 elderly patients with SP admitted to the ICU Department of Shandong Provincial Third Hospital from February, 2018 to December, 2021 were reviewed and 342 patients were identified. The patients were divided into two groups according to the treatment records: the study group (175 patients received LMWH combined with amikacin) and the control group (167 patients received amikacin). Changes in coagulation indexes before and after the treatment, as well as bacterial clearance rate and clinical efficacy after the treatment were compared between the two groups.
Results: There was no significant difference in prothrombin time (PT), D-Dimer (D-D), antithrombin III (AT-III) and fibrinogen (FIB) levels between the two groups before the treatment (P>0.05). After the treatment, levels of PT, D-D and FIB in the two groups decreased and the level of AT-III increased(P<0.05). Levels of PT, D-D and FIB in the study group were lower, and the level of AT-III was higher (P<0.05) that n in the control group. Bacterial clearance rate in the study group was (86.19%), higher than that in the control group (72.25%) (P<0.05). The total clinical effective rate of the study group (93.14%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (79.04%) (P<0.05).
Conclusions: Combining LMWH with amikacin in the treatment of elderly SP patients can improve the coagulation function and bacterial clearance, can promote the recovery of patients and has a good clinical application value.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.6627
How to cite this: Luo A, Liu Y. The effect of low-molecular-weight heparin combined with amikacin on the coagulation function and bacterial clearance in the treatment of patients with severe senile pneumonia. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(1):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.6627
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Efficacy of multiple Biomarkers: NGAL, KIM1, Cystatin C and IL18 in predicting pregnancy related acute kidney injury
Authors: Naqvi Rubina , Hossain Nazli , Butt Sofia , Bhellar Zeenat , Fatima Erum , Imtiaz Sanam , Ghulam Moosa Palwasha , Abbas Khawar , Jafri Salma Batool , Khan Sadia 
Published: November 2022

Objective: Several biomarkers like NGAL, KIM-1, IL-18, and Cystatin C has been previously reported as reliable marker to predict AKI. However, their predictive accuracy varies widely. We aim to observe the efficacy of multiple markers, NGAL, KIM-1, Cystatin C and IL-18, in obstetric population who are at risk of developing AKI.
Methods: This prospective study was carried out between June 2021 to March 2022 at Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology Unit II, Ruth Pfau KM Civil Hospital and Sindh Institute of Urology & Transplant (SIUT), Karachi Pakistan. On women brought to OBGYN-ER with the diagnosis of hemorrhage (antepartum and postpartum), hypertension (pre-eclampsia and eclampsia) and sepsis. The urine samples and 3cc blood was collected at the time of admission, blood sample processed for biochemistry at time of admission and repeat blood samples for serum creatinine at 24 and 48 hours. Urine was stored at -80ºC and later evaluated for NGAL, KIM-1, Cystatin C and IL-18. Serum Cystatin C was also processed for the time zero sample. The biomarkers were tested using ELISA assays.
Results: A total of 149 women were included in the study, 83% of these women were non-booked. Twenty-six (17%) women developed AKI. Serum Cystatin C, urinary Cystatin C and urinary NGAL were found significantly raised in women who developed AKI. While KIM-1 and IL-18 were not raised to statistical significance in this population. However, urinary KIM-1 along with urinary Cystatin C were significantly raised in women with positive quick sequential organ failure assessment (qSOFA).
Conclusion: This study validates the use of serum and urinary Cystatin C and urinary NGAL as highly predictable biomarkers for the development of AKI and nullifies urinary IL-18 and KIM-1 in this regard.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.6930
How to cite this: Naqvi R, Hossain N, Butt S, Bhellar Z, Fatima E, Imtiaz S, et al. Efficacy of multiple Biomarkers: NGAL, KIM1, Cystatin C and IL18 in predicting pregnancy related acute kidney injury. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(1):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.6930
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
For the love of all that is holy, stop prescribing sodium valproate and carbamazepine together
Authors: Jawaid Wajid 
Published: November 2022

Sodium valproate and carbamazepine are two time-tested drugs for treatment of epilepsy. Individually, they are usually excellent choices in treating a broad spectrum of epileptic seizures. They are, however, not friendly with each other. Their co-administration affects the drug levels of each other by influencing the action of hepatic enzymes. This write up attempts to give an overview of the mechanism of this drug interaction, and informs readers why this combination is a bad choice. The author hopes that this will help in raising awareness among the physicians regarding the dangers of this prescription, and in putting a full stop to this practice.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.7281
How to cite this: Jawaid W. For the love of all that is holy, stop prescribing sodium valproate and carbamazepine together. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(1):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.1.7281
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Building consensus in research partnerships: a scoping review of consensus methods
Authors: Cary Miranda A. , Plamondon Katrina , Banner-Lukaris Davina , Oelke Nelly , Sibley Kathryn M. , Baxter Kristy , Vis-Dunbar Mathew , Hoens Alison M. , Wick Ursula , Bigsby Stefan , Wuerstl Kelsey , Gainforth Heather 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Research partnership approaches that engage community members within the research team (for example, integrated knowledge translation, community-based participatory research) are typically used to enhance the relevance and usefulness of research findings. However, research outcomes generated through partnered research do not de facto address the priorities of those most affected nor take inclusion or power dynamics into consideration. Consensus methods (for example, Delphi, Deliberative Dialogue) can be used to develop evidence-based solutions by addressing the groups’ needs and priorities. Limited research has examined how consensus methods are used by research partnerships.
Aims and objectives:
Using the PRISMA-ScR checklist as a guide, this scoping review sought to better understand the use of consensus methods in research partnerships.
Methods:
The search strategy involved four databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE and CINAHL Plus). A total of 6,654 citations were screened, 404 were advanced for full text review, and 34 studies met eligibility criteria. Data from the 34 studies were extracted and iteratively analysed by three members of our research team.
Findings:
At least 11 different consensus methods were used with variations of the Delphi being most common. Issues of inclusion and power dynamics were rarely discussed. Overall, there was limited reporting of consensus methods, partnership approaches, and/or power dynamics.
Discussion and conclusions:
This review extends the literature by providing an overview of consensus methods that have been conducted in research partnerships and how they have been executed. We offer initial considerations for conducting and reporting on the use of consensus methods in research co-production.
SATIRICAL HUMOR AS CRITICS OF GOVERNMENT THROUGH EASTERN INDONESIAN STAND-UP COMEDIAN
Authors: Sihombing Lambok Hermanto 
Published: November 2022

In Indonesia, Stand-up Comedy has become the most popular form of community entertainment, resulting in the emergence of influential youth culture. Stand-up Comedy has become a platform for comics to communicate political aspirations, worries, and criticisms. Three comics from Eastern Indonesia, Arie Kriting, Abdur, and Mamat Alkatiri, have continuously presented Stand-up Comedy material regarding socioeconomic disparity and the availability of public services in their native region. In addition to the aforementioned concerns, education, emancipation, economic, and technological issues are common discussion topics. Typically, Eastern Indonesian comic elements communicate criticisms and worries about inequality and underdevelopment. Due to the presence of some Comics from East Indonesia who regularly expressed and voiced the unrest and backwardness felt by the people of East Indonesia, this issue became popular and garnered widespread attention. This qualitative study analyzes the utilization of satire in stand-up comedy content. This study utilized Barbara Swovelin (2019) concept of Horatian Satire, Friedman's Menippean Satire (2019), and Van Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis approach. As a result of this study, Eastern comics used sarcasm and humorto express their dissatisfaction with the government.
Zum Verhältnis von Staat und Religion bei Dante: Das heikle Beispiel König Sauls
Authors: Bender Niklas 
Published: November 2022

Riassunto
L’opera dantesca è attraversata da un rapporto conflittuale tra pensiero politico e religioso, tra monarchia universale (concetto chiave nella Monarchia) e visione religiosa del mondo (essenziale alla Commedia). La vicenda di Saul occupa una posizione di rilievo in questo rapporto: simbolo del potere terreno, scelto da Dio e dal suo profeta Samuele come primo re d’Israele, Saul cade in disgrazia, per venire poi sostituito da Davide. L’articolo presenta la storia biblica e la sua ricezione presso quattro autori fondamentali del pensiero teologico e politico medievale per analizzare in seguito la rappresentazione dantesca dell’esempio di Saul, nel Purgatorio (canti X e XII) e nei trattati. Da una parte Saul, contrapposto a Davide, funge da figurazione della superbia, dall’altra costituisce un’eccezione, un intervento diretto di Dio nel campo politico.
Pier Damiani zwischen vita eremitica und vita apostolica
Authors: Bürgel Matthias 
Published: November 2022

Riassunto
Come dimostra una lettura incrociata con i rispettivi canti dell’Inferno e del Purgatorio, il »dittico« Par. XXI/Par. XXII mette in risalto la possibilità di unire stile di vita contemplativo con fervore apostolico e pastorale. S. Pier Damiani funge da exemplum paradigmatico per una tale unione: infatti, il santo ravennate dimostra che l’ascesa dell’anima è basata sull’umiltà, sulla consapevolezza di essere peccatori, da cui sfocia però anche l’attività missionaria della predicazione. Autodefinendosi Pietro peccator (Par. XXI, 122), Pier Damiani evoca la confessione pietrina di Lc 5, 8: «peccator sum Domine». L’implicita presenza di quest’ultimo versetto neotestamentario spiega anche la variante pescator, lezione attestata da un folto numero di manoscritti appartenenti in modo compatto al gruppo del cento e che conferma ulteriormente il fatto che il verso dantesco in oggetto si riferisca al santo stesso.
Schein oder Erscheinen des Sittlichen?
Authors: Honneth Axel 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The article attempts to show that Hegel’s concept of “civil society” is characterised by a deep ambivalence regarding the value of the new market economy. On the one hand, Hegel believed that the economic system represented by “civil society” succeeded like no other in simultaneously giving free reign to the desires of individual subjects and integrating them into a stable structural framework (I). On the other hand, Hegel’s reflections are increasingly overtaken by doubts as to whether, in the light of its self-destructive tendencies, the market system can be as successful in guaranteeing individual freedom as he first envisaged it tobe (II). In the course of this essay, it will ultimately become clear that Hegel’s attempt to redefine “civil society” reveals considerably more conceptual indecision and inner conflict than one might have suspected from the great system builder.
An update on placental drug transport and its relevance to fetal drug exposure
Authors: Mao Qingcheng , Chen Xin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Pregnant women are often complicated with diseases that require treatment with medication. Most drugs administered to pregnant women are off-label without the necessary dose, efficacy, and safety information. Knowledge concerning drug transfer across the placental barrier is essential for understanding fetal drug exposure and hence drug safety and efficacy to the fetus. Transporters expressed in the placenta, including adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette efflux transporters and solute carrier uptake transporters, play important roles in determining drug transfer across the placental barrier, leading to fetal exposure to the drugs. In this review, we provide an update on placental drug transport, including in vitro cell/tissue, ex vivo human placenta perfusion, and in vivo animal studies that can be used to determine the expression and function of drug transporters in the placenta as well as placental drug transfer and fetal drug exposure. We also describe how the knowledge of placental drug transfer through passive diffusion or active transport can be combined with physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling and simulation to predict systemic fetal drug exposure. Finally, we highlight knowledge gaps in studying placental drug transport and predicting fetal drug exposure and discuss future research directions to fill these gaps.
Structural study of ceramic samples of the PbTiO3–BaTiO3–BaZrO3 system with a high PbTiO3 content studied by the Rietveld method
Authors: Sirotinkin Vladimir , Bush Alexandr , Kozlov Vladislav 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The xBa(Ti(1−y)Zry)O3–(1−x)PbTiO3 ceramic samples with x = 0.3, y = 0.95; x = 0.3, y = 0.7; x = 0.3, y = 0.3; x = 0.3, y = 0.05; x = 0.5, y = 0.05 were synthesized by a solid state reaction technique. The XRD patterns of these samples have anisotropic broadening of diffraction peaks. The crystallographic data were analyzed by the Rietveld method. During the refinement process the Stephens’s approach was used. All the samples studied are solid solutions with the tetragonal perovskite structure. The degree of tetragonal distortion of these solid solutions decreases with an increase in the Zr content. The microstructure analysis showed that the broadening of the diffraction peaks on the XRD patterns is due to both strains and small crystallite sizes.