bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Terlipressin combined with conservative fluid management attenuates hemorrhagic shock-induced acute kidney injury in rats
Authors: Castro Leticia Urbano Cardoso , Otsuki Denise Aya , Sanches Talita Rojas , Souza Felipe Lima , Santinho Mirela Aparecida Rodrigues , da Silva Cleonice , Noronha Irene de Lourdes , Duarte-Neto Amaro Nunes , Gomes Samirah Abreu , Malbouisson Luiz-Marcelo Sá , Andrade Lucia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHemorrhagic shock (HS), a major cause of trauma-related mortality, is mainly treated by crystalloid fluid administration, typically with lactated Ringer’s (LR). Despite beneficial hemodynamic effects, such as the restoration of mean arterial pressure (MAP), LR administration has major side effects, including organ damage due to edema. One strategy to avoid such effects is pre-hospitalization intravenous administration of the potent vasoconstrictor terlipressin, which can restore hemodynamic stability/homeostasis and has anti-inflammatory effects. Wistar rats were subjected to HS for 60 min, at a target MAP of 30–40 mmHg, thereafter being allocated to receive LR infusion at 3 times the volume of the blood withdrawn (liberal fluid management); at 2 times the volume (conservative fluid management), plus terlipressin (10 µg/100 g body weight); and at an equal volume (conservative fluid management), plus terlipressin (10 µg/100 g body weight). A control group comprised rats not subjected to HS and receiving no fluid resuscitation or treatment. At 15 min after fluid resuscitation/treatment, the blood previously withdrawn was reinfused. At 24 h after HS, MAP was higher among the terlipressin-treated animals. Terlipressin also improved post-HS survival and provided significant improvements in glomerular/tubular function (creatinine clearance), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin expression, fractional excretion of sodium, aquaporin 2 expression, tubular injury, macrophage infiltration, interleukin 6 levels, interleukin 18 levels, and nuclear factor kappa B expression. In terlipressin-treated animals, there was also significantly higher angiotensin II type 1 receptor expression and normalization of arginine vasopressin 1a receptor expression. Terlipressin associated with conservative fluid management could be a viable therapy for HS-induced acute kidney injury, likely attenuating such injury by modulating the inflammatory response via the arginine vasopressin 1a receptor.
A structural model of the profilin–formin pacemaker system for actin filament elongation
Authors: Schutt Clarence E. , Karlén Mattias , Karlsson Roger 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe formins constitute a large class of multi-domain polymerases that catalyze the localization and growth of unbranched actin filaments in cells from yeast to mammals. The conserved FH2 domains form dimers that bind actin at the barbed end of growing filaments and remain attached as new subunits are added. Profilin–actin is recruited and delivered to the barbed end by formin FH1 domains via the binding of profilin to interspersed tracts of poly-l-proline. We present a structural model showing that profilin–actin can bind the FH2 dimer at the barbed end stabilizing a state where profilin prevents its associated actin subunit from directly joining the barbed end. It is only with the dissociation of profilin from the polymerase that an actin subunit rotates and docks into its helical position, consistent with observations that under physiological conditions optimal elongation rates depend on the dissociation rate of profilin, independently of cellular concentrations of actin subunits.
Using mechanistic model-based inference to understand and project epidemic dynamics with time-varying contact and vaccination rates
Authors: Plank Michael J. , Hendy Shaun C. , Binny Rachelle N. , Vattiato Giorgia , Lustig Audrey , Maclaren Oliver J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEpidemiological models range in complexity from relatively simple statistical models that make minimal assumptions about the variables driving epidemic dynamics to more mechanistic models that include effects such as vaccine-derived and infection-derived immunity, population structure and heterogeneity. The former are often fitted to data in real-time and used for short-term forecasting, while the latter are more suitable for comparing longer-term scenarios under differing assumptions about control measures or other factors. Here, we present a mechanistic model of intermediate complexity that can be fitted to data in real-time but is also suitable for investigating longer-term dynamics. Our approach provides a bridge between primarily empirical approaches to forecasting and assumption-driven scenario models. The model was developed as a policy advice tool for New Zealand’s 2021 outbreak of the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 and includes the effects of age structure, non-pharmaceutical interventions, and the ongoing vaccine rollout occurring during the time period studied. We use an approximate Bayesian computation approach to infer the time-varying transmission coefficient from real-time data on reported cases. We then compare projections of the model with future, out-of-sample data. We find that this approach produces a good fit with in-sample data and reasonable forward projections given the inherent limitations of predicting epidemic dynamics during periods of rapidly changing policy and behaviour. Results from the model helped inform the New Zealand Government’s policy response throughout the outbreak.
Use of different endpoints to determine the bioavailability of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PCDD/Fs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in Sprague–Dawley rats
Authors: Shen Haitao , Han Jianlong , Guan Rongfa , Cai Delei , Zheng Yibin , Meng Zhen , Chen Qing , Li Jingguang , Wu Yongning 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLiver, fat (adipose tissue), blood, and feces are common endpoints used to determine the bioavailability of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). However, it is not known whether the bioavailability of each endpoints is comparable or whether there is a comprehensive endpoint that can be used for all congeners for the measurement of bioavailability. In this study, we observed the accumulation and distribution of 10 polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PCDD/Fs) and 18 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in different organs of Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats and calculated the bioavailability based on feces, liver, and fat endpoints. Our results indicated that PCB 126, PCB 169, and 50% of PCDD/F congeners were mainly accumulated in the liver, with a bioavailability ranging from 28.9 to 50.6%. On the other hand, higher chlorinated (> 5 Cl) PCB congeners were mainly accumulated in adipose tissues, with a bioavailability ranging from 20.1 to 82.2%, while lower chlorinated (< 5 Cl) pollutants, such as 2,3,7,8-TeCDF, 2,3,7,8-TeCDD, 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF, and PCB 28, 52, 77, 81, were likely metabolized over 36% in rats during the 8-week experimental period. If we considered metabolization (degradation) as a type of bioavailable process, then the fecal endpoint was a feasible option. However, if we considered the selective accumulation behavior of some congeners in different organs/tissues, then there was no single comprehensive endpoint suitable for all congeners. Lastly, female rats showed significantly higher PCDD bioavailability than male rats at low dose level (0.2 ng/100 g b.w./d); however, the difference in PCB bioavailability between female and male rats was not significant.
A new 3D, microfluidic-oriented, multi-functional, and highly stretchable soft wearable sensor
Authors: Annabestani Mohsen , Esmaeili-Dokht Pouria , Olyanasab Ali , Orouji Nooshin , Alipour Zeynab , Sayad Mohammad Hossein , Rajabi Kimia , Mazzolai Barbara , Fardmanesh Mehdi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIncreasing demand for wearable devices has resulted in the development of soft sensors; however, an excellent soft sensor for measuring stretch, twist, and pressure simultaneously has not been proposed yet. This paper presents a novel, fully 3D, microfluidic-oriented, gel-based, and highly stretchable resistive soft sensor. The proposed sensor is multi-functional and could be used to measure stretch, twist, and pressure, which is the potential of using a fully 3D structure in the sensor. Unlike previous methods, in which almost all of them used EGaIn as the conductive material, in this case, we used a low-cost, safe (biocompatible), and ubiquitous conductive gel instead. To show the functionality of the proposed sensor, FEM simulations and a set of designed experiments were done, which show linear (99%), accurate (> 94.9%), and durable (tested for a whole of four hours) response of the proposed sensor. Then, the sensor was put through its paces on a female test subject’s knee, elbow, and wrist to show the potential application of the sensor as a body motion sensor. Also, a fully 3D active foot insole was developed, fabricated, and evaluated to evaluate the pressure functionality of the sensor. The result shows good discrimination and pressure measurement for different foot sole areas. The proposed sensor has the potential to be used in real-world applications like rehabilitation, wearable devices, soft robotics, smart clothing, gait analysis, AR/VR, etc.
Comprehensive evaluation of breast cancer immunotherapy and tumor microenvironment characterization based on interleukin genes-related risk model
Authors: Lv Yalei , Bai Zihe , Wang Xiaoyan , Liu Jiayin , Li Yuntao , Zhang Xiaolin , Shan Yujie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBreast cancer (BRCA) is the most prevalent malignancy and the leading cause of death in women. Interleukin (IL) genes are critical in tumor initiation and control. Nevertheless, the prognosis value of the IL in BRCA remains unclear. We collected data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and 94 IL genes were identified from GeneCard. Based on the random forest (RF), least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis, and multivariate Cox regression analysis, we constructed an IL signature. GSE22219, GSE25065, and GSE21653 were derived as validation sets. The expression differences in the tumor microenvironment (TME), immunotherapy, and chemosensitivity of BRCA between the high- and low-risk groups were evaluated. Overall, 21 IL genes were selected to construct an IL risk model, of which IL18BP, IL17D, and IL23A were the first time identified as prognostic genes in BRCA. IL score could distinguish BRCA patients with inferior outcomes, and AUC of it was 0.70, 0.76, and 0.72 for 1-,3- and 5- years, respectively, which was also verified in GSE22219, GSE25065, and GSE21653 cohorts. Meanwhile, compared to luminal A and luminal B, HER2-positive and TNBC had significantly higher IL score. Besides, the high-risk group had a significantly higher prevalence ofTP53andTTNbut a lower prevalence ofPIK3CA, as well as higher tumor mutation burden (TMB) and neoantigen level. High- and low-risk groups exhibited notable differences in immunomodulators and tumor infiltrates immune cells (TIICs), and the high-risk group had significantly lower Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) score. Additionally, the high-risk group has more responders to immune or anti-HER2 combination therapy, whereas the low-risk group has higher sensitivity to docetaxel and paclitaxel. Consequently, we constructed a reliable risk model based on the IL genes, which can provide more information on both the risk stratification and personalizing management strategies for BRCA.
Integrative web cloud computing and analytics using MiPair for design-based comparative analysis with paired microbiome data
Authors: Jang Hyojung , Koh Hyunwook , Gu Won , Kang Byungkon 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPairing (or blocking) is a design technique that is widely used in comparative microbiome studies to efficiently control for the effects of potential confounders (e.g., genetic, environmental, or behavioral factors). Some typical paired (block) designs for human microbiome studies are repeated measures designs that profile each subject’s microbiome twice (or more than twice) (1) for pre and post treatments to see the effects of a treatment on microbiome, or (2) for different organs of the body (e.g., gut, mouth, skin) to see the disparity in microbiome between (or across) body sites. Researchers have developed a sheer number of web-based tools for user-friendly microbiome data processing and analytics, though there is no web-based tool currently available for such paired microbiome studies. In this paper, we thus introduce an integrative web-based tool, named MiPair, for design-based comparative analysis with paired microbiome data. MiPair is a user-friendly web cloud service that is built with step-by-step data processing and analytic procedures for comparative analysis between (or across) groups or between baseline and other groups. MiPair employs parametric and non-parametric tests for complete or incomplete block designs to perform comparative analyses with respect to microbial ecology (alpha- and beta-diversity) and taxonomy (e.g., phylum, class, order, family, genus, species). We demonstrate its usage through an example clinical trial on the effects of antibiotics on gut microbiome. MiPair is an open-source software that can be run on our web server (http://mipair.micloud.kr) or on user’s computer (https://github.com/yj7599/mipairgit).
The rocker-soled shoes change the kinematics and muscle contractions of the lower extremity during various functional movement
Authors: Chen Chao-Yen , Yeh You-De , Chen Ying-Cheng , Chuang Pin-Hung , Lin Hwai-Ting 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWhile rocker-shaped soles have become popular for running shoes, whether or not this type of shoe benefits other functional movements has rarely been discussed. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of rocker-soled shoes on lower extremity biomechanics during different exercises. Seventeen healthy university students were recruited. A motion capture analysis system and surface electromyography were used to measure kinematics and muscle activation while walking (10 m), running (10 m), cutting, jumping, and ascending and descending stairs. The results showed that when wearing rocker-soled shoes, greater peak external ankle rotation was present during most exercises. Smaller peak joint angles were observed in hip extension and external rotation when walking, and in ankle dorsiflexion when ascending stairs and jumping. The vastus medialis and vastus lateralis contracted more in most exercises when rocker-soled shoes were worn. However, the biceps femoris and medial gastrocnemius showed less muscle contraction. Wearing rocker-soled shoes during testing movements change the kinematics and muscle contractions of the lower extremity. These findings may provide information for choosing shoes for different exercises or training purposes.
Empirical optimization of an angled spoke paddling wheel with self-rotating mechanism
Authors: Kim Chaewon , Han Seungkyu , Won Jeeho , Seo TaeWon 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe development of the maritime industry has led to a corresponding increase in maritime accidents. Maritime accidents are major events that are costly to recover and can cause casualties. Moreover, individuals who are brought to the scene for recovery or rescue are at risk. To tackle this issue, the wheel mechanism of a water rescue robot, i.e., the angled spoke paddling wheel (ASPW), has been studied. The purpose of this study is to optimize the paddle design parameters of the ASPW using the Taguchi method. Experiments are conducted by creating paddles with various combinations of design parameters using $${\textbf{L}}_9$$

L
9

($$3^4$$

3
4

) orthogonal arrays. The objective function is determining the optimal combination of paddle design parameters that will produce the greatest thrust force at the same RPM. Sensitivity analysis of each design parameter is conducted by calculating the signal-to-noise ratio from the experimental results. The pitch angle is found to be the most sensitive parameter. An additional experiment is conducted based on the results of the sensitivity analysis. The results show that the optimal design parameters are a pitch angle of $$0^{\circ }$$

0
∘

, rectangular end shape, X-axis curvature of 37.5 mm, and Y-axis curvature of 25 mm. The paddle with this combination of design parameters have a maximum thrust force of 64.74 gf at 120 RPM and exhibit up to an 18.27% improvement in performance compared with the initial paddle before optimization.
Pseudomonas veronii strain 7–41 degrading medium-chain n-alkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Authors: Mullaeva S. A. , Delegan Ya. A. , Streletskii R. A. , Sazonova O. I. , Petrikov K. V. , Ivanova A. A. , Dyatlov I. A. , Shemyakin I. G. , Bogun A. G. , Vetrova A. A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPollution of the environment by crude oil and oil products (represented by various types of compounds, mainly aliphatic, mono- and polyaromatic hydrocarbons) poses a global problem. The strain Pseudomonas veronii 7–41 can grow on medium-chain n-alkanes (C8–C12) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as naphthalene. We performed a genetic analysis and physiological/biochemical characterization of strain 7–41 cultivated in a mineral medium with decane, naphthalene or a mixture of the hydrocarbons. The genes responsible for the degradation of alkanes and PAHs are on the IncP-7 conjugative plasmid and are organized into the alk and nah operons typical of pseudomonads. A natural plasmid carrying functional operons for the degradation of two different classes of hydrocarbons was first described. In monosubstrate systems, 28.4% and 68.8% of decane and naphthalene, respectively, were biodegraded by the late stationary growth phase. In a bisubstrate system, these parameters were 25.4% and 20.8% by the end of the exponential growth phase. Then the biodegradation stopped, and the bacterial culture started dying due to the accumulation of salicylate (naphthalene-degradation metabolite), which is toxic in high concentrations. The activity of the salicylate oxidation enzymes was below the detection limit. These results indicate that the presence of decane and a high concentration of salicylate lead to impairment of hydrocarbon degradation by the strain.
The effect of normalisation and error model choice on the distribution of the maximum likelihood estimator for a biochemical reaction
Authors: Thomaseth Caterina , Radde Nicole E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSparse and noisy measurements make parameter estimation for biochemical reaction networks difficult and might lead to ill‐posed optimisation problems. This is potentiated if the data has to be normalised, and only fold changes rather than absolute amounts are available. Here, the authors consider the propagation of measurement noise to the distribution of the maximum likelihood (ML) estimator in an in silico study. Therefore, a model of a reversible reaction is considered, for which reaction rate constants using fold changes is estimated. Noise propagation is analysed for different normalisation strategies and different error models. In particular, accuracy, precision, and asymptotic properties of the ML estimator is investigated. Results show that normalisation by the mean of a time series outperforms normalisation by a single time point in the example provided by the authors. Moreover, the error model with a heavy‐tail distribution is slightly more robust to large measurement noise, but, beyond this, the choice of the error model did not have a significant impact on the estimation results provided by the authors.
The Fifth Catalogue of Nearby Stars (CNS5)
Authors: Golovin Alex , Reffert Sabine , Just Andreas , Jordan Stefan , Vani Akash , Jahreiß Hartmut 
Published: November 2022

Context. We present the compilation of the Fifth Catalogue of Nearby Stars (CNS5), based on astrometric and photometric data from Gaia EDR3 and HIPPARCOS and supplemented with parallaxes from ground-based astrometric surveys carried out in the infrared.
Aims. The aim of the CNS5 is to provide the most complete sample of objects in the solar neighbourhood. For all known stars and brown dwarfs in the 25 pc sphere around the Sun, basic astrometric and photometric parameters are given. Furthermore, we provide the colour-magnitude diagram (CMD) and various luminosity functions of the stellar content in the solar neighbourhood, and characterise the completeness of the CNS5 catalogue.
Methods. We compiled a sample of stars and brown dwarfs that are most likely located within 25 pc of the Sun, taking space-based parallaxes from Gaia EDR3 and HIPPARCOS as well as ground-based parallaxes from Best et al. (2021, AJ, 161, 42), Kirkpatrick et al. (2021, ApJS, 253, 7), and from the CNS4 into account. We developed a set of selection criteria to clean the sample from spurious sources. Furthermore, we show that effects of blending in the Gaia photometry, which mainly affect the faint and red sources in Gaia, can be mitigated to reliably place those objects in a CMD. We also assessed the completeness of the CNS5 using a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and derive observational optical and mid-infrared (MIR) luminosity functions for the main-sequence stars and white dwarfs (WDs) in the solar neighbourhood.
Results. The CNS5 contains 5931 objects, including 5230 stars (4946 main-sequence stars, 20 red giants and 264 white dwarfs) and 701 brown dwarfs. We find that the CNS5 catalogue is statistically complete down to 19.7 mag in the G-band and 11.8 mag in W1-band absolute magnitudes, corresponding to a spectral type of L8. The stellar number density in the solar neighbourhood is (7.99 ± 0.11) × 10−2 stars pc−3, and about 72% of stars in the solar neighbourhood are M dwarfs. Furthermore, we show that the WD sample in CNS5 is statistically complete within 25 pc. The derived number density of WDs is (4.03 ± 0.25) × 10−3 stars pc−3. The ratio between stars and brown dwarfs within 15 pc is 4.6 ± 0.4, whereas within 25 pc it is 7.5 ± 0.3. Thus, we estimate that about one third of brown dwarfs are still missing within 25 pc, particularly those with spectral types later than L8 and distances close to the 25 pc limit.
Mönchspfeffer: Kritische Notizen zur Arzneipflanze
des Jahres 2022
Authors: Niedenthal Tobias , Uehleke Bernhard , Puchtler Elke 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Mönchspfeffer hat eine bewegte Geschichte mit zahlreichen Namen und erlebt in
Europa mittlerweile seine dritte Blüte. Schon vor 2500 Jahren wurde er in der
Frauenheilkunde eingesetzt, heute der fast exklusive Fachbereich. Trotz der langen
Tradition gibt es aber nach wie vor einige offene Fragen und auch
Widersprüche.
Im Gespräch
Authors: Börner Doris , Zohmann Andreas 
Published: November 2022

Liebe Leserin, lieber Leser,vor kurzem kam eine Leserin auf die Redaktion zu, mit Fragen wegen des
verzögerten Erscheinens der diesjährigen Hands on. Daraus
entwickelte sich dann zu guter Letzt ein wunderbares Gespräch mit einem
äußerst interessanten Austausch. Wir sprachen u. a.
darüber, was ihr an der Hands on besonders gefällt, was
wichtig ist – und was nicht. Sowie über die Themen, die sie
vorwiegend interessieren und welche bisherigen Beiträge sie in der Praxis
weitergebracht haben. Außerdem kamen auch Ideen zur Vorstellung
möglicher Praxisfälle zur Sprache.