bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Breast Cancer in Botswana
Authors: Wester James , Nkele Isaac , Motladiile Bosa , Tapela Neo , Makhema Joe , Lockman Shahin , Dryden-Peterson Scott 
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. In sub-Saharan Africa, breast cancer has a lower incidence than high-resource settings like the United States, but the mortality-to-incidence ratio is significantly higher in sub-Saharan Africa. Limited primary literature regarding the clinical characteristics of breast cancer is available in many regions of sub-Saharan Africa. In this report, we aim to characterize the clinical attributes and outcomes of women with breast cancer in Botswana. METHODS The prospective Thabatse cancer cohort in Botswana began enrolling participants (18 years or older, biopsy-confirmed cancer) in 2010 and recruited participants from the four main oncology referral centers in Botswana. Baseline clinical data was obtained, and participants were followed quarterly for 5 years. Certification of death was obtained from families, providers, and death certificates. RESULTS Eight hundred three women with breast cancer in Botswana, enrolled between 2010 and the end of December 2020, were included in this analysis. Average age at enrollment was 53 years old. On immunohistochemistry, 331 (41.2%) of tumors were hormone positive, 57 (7.1%) were HER2+, 114 (14.2%) were Triple-Negative, and 301 (37.5%) were unknown. At diagnosis, 23 (2.9%) of participants had stage I disease, 163 (20.3%) stage II, 343 (42.7%) stage III, 80 (10.0%) stage IV, and 194 (24.2%) unknown. 515 (64.1%) of participants had surgery; of those who had surgery, 54 (10.5%) had a lumpectomy, 459 (89.1%) had a mastectomy, and 2 (0.4%) had a self-amputation. 458 (57.0%) participants received chemotherapy, and 277 (34.5%) received radiation therapy. 5-Year survival, calculated from enrollment date, was 47.7% (95% CI 43.7 to 52.1). CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the unique burden of breast cancer disease in Botswana utilizing an ongoing longitudinal prospective study. Participants in our study on average presented at late stage, received invasive surgery, and had limited access to chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
Financial and Psychosocial Distresses of Breast and Cervical Cancer Patients at the University College Hospital, Ibadan
Authors: Busari Damilola , Oluwasanu Mojisola , Ntekim Atara , Adejumo Prisca , Olopade Funmilayo 
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE The burden of Breast and Cervical cancer is increasing rapidly and these are leading causes of morbidity and mortality in women worldwide. The treatment and management of these illnesses are accompanied with both financial and psychological distresses to the patients. This study investigated the financial and psychosocial distresses of Breast and Cervical cancer patients at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. METHODS This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study that employed a convergent parallel, mixed method design. The study was conducted among 105 breast and cervical cancer patients receiving treatment from the Radiotherapy clinic at the Radiation Oncology Department of the University College Hospital, Ibadan. Data was obtained using a semi-structured interviewer administered questionnaire and in-depth interview guide. The quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS The mean age of the respondents was 48.8 ± 10.0 years and almost half of the participants (45%) were aged between 51 and 60 years. Majority of the respondents (67.6%), were breast cancer patients while (32.4%) were cervical cancer patients. This study found out that (95.2%) of the respondents experienced high financial distress and (73.3%) of the respondents had a high level of psychosocial distress. There was an association between the level of financial distress of breast and cervical cancer patients and their psychosocial distress ( P = .001). Factors that contributed to the financial and psychosocial distresses as deduced from the qualitative interviews were; high cost of treatment, loss of income and negative body image. CONCLUSION This study revealed that breast and cervical cancer patients experience a high level of financial and psychosocial distresses and multi-component interventions such as health financing, advocacy, counseling, training and public enlightenment are proposed to address these challenges and improve quality of cancer care.
Adiabatic speedup and quantum heat current in an open system
Authors: Wu Jing , Ren Feng-Hua , He Run-Hong , Nie Shen-Shuang , Wang Zhao-Ming 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Adiabatic evolution has important applications in quantum information processing. In that context, the system has to be maintained in one of its instantaneous eigenstates. Normally the adiabaticity of the system will be ruined by its surrounding environment. Quantum control has been used widely to speed up the adiabatic process and thus reduces the effect of the environment. In this letter, we investigate the adiabatic speedup and the associated quantum heat current with and without pulse control. The system is immersed in a non-Markovian and finite-temperature heat bath. Our calculation results show that the effective adiabatic speedup can be obtained in a weak system-bath coupling and low-temperature heat bath. Specifically, non-Markovianity from the environment can be beneficial to the enhancement of the adiabatic fidelity. Furthermore, we calculate the quantum heat current between the system and bath in the process of adiabatic speedup. We find that the adiabatic fidelity decreases with increasing heat current. Our investigation paves the way for the design of quantum heat engines and quantum devices.
Cesarean Delivery and Insulin Sensitivity in the Older Adult: The Microbiome and Insulin Longitudinal Evaluation Study
Authors: Jensen Elizabeth T , Bertoni Alain G , Crago Osa L , Rotter Jerome I , Chen Yii-Der I , Wood Alexis , Rich Stephen S , Goodarzi Mark O 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate if mode of delivery at birth is associated with body mass index (BMI) and glucose homeostasis traits in later life, controlling for possible confounders, including maternal history of diabetes. Data were obtained through a racially diverse, prospective cohort study of nondiabetic, older adults, the Microbiome and Insulin Longitudinal Evaluation Study (MILES). We used generalized linear models to estimate the association between mode of delivery and glycemic status, BMI (kg/m2), waist circumference (cm), fasting glucose, fasting insulin, insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity, and insulin clearance. Further, we estimated the direct and indirect effects of cesarean delivery on glucose and insulin-related traits, as mediated by BMI status. Relative to vaginal delivery, cesarean delivery was associated with a significantly higher BMI (adjusted beta [aβ] 3.53 kg/m2; 95% CI 0.15, 6.91) and fasting glucose (aβ 5.12; 95% CI 0.01, 10.23), a 14% decrease in insulin sensitivity (aβ –0.14; 95% CI –0.28, –0.01), and a 58% increased risk (adjusted relative risk [aRR] 1.58; 95% CI 1.08, 2.31) for prediabetes/diabetes. Associations were mediated in part by BMI, with the strongest evidence observed for glycemic status (proportion mediated 22.6%; P = .03), fasting insulin (proportion mediated 58.0%; P = .05), and insulin sensitivity index (proportion mediated 45.9%; P = .05). Independent of mediation, a significant direct effect of cesarean delivery on glycemic status was observed (aRR 1.88; 95% CI 1.16, 2.60). Cesarean delivery may lead to reduced insulin sensitivity and, ultimately, increased risk for developing prediabetes and diabetes.
From Feminist Killjoy to Joyful Feminisms
Authors: Roy Srila 
Published: May 2022

AbstractYoung urban Indian women have made women's rights to seek pleasure and have fun, especially in public, central to a new repertoire of feminist resistance and also as a way of demarcating themselves from “joyless” feminisms of the past. Concerns around pleasure, fun, and joy appear far removed from the everyday lives of poor and marginalized rural women. In this contribution, the author foregrounds rural women's pleasure-seeking practices, in consumption, fun, and friendship, which were the unanticipated outcomes of their involvement with a local NGO seeking to empower poor women. These were primarily lower-caste, lower-class women who were partially included in the aspirational futures of a globalized India, through poorly paid and precarious development work. Their participation in such work—a disciplinary domain imbued with its own regulatory potentials—enabled the development of new skills, techniques, and capacities in an entirely other domain, of nonwork or fun. The fact that fun, pleasure, and self-making relied on cultures of enterprise, empowerment, and aspiration also brings into view some of the contradictions at stake in neoliberal India.
Perfect Bodies and Digital Influencers
Authors: Polivanov Beatriz , Carrera Fernanda 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe quest for the so-called perfect body has been an issue in Brazilian society for a long time, especially for women. A number of “digital influencers” perform a fitness lifestyle, producing subjectivities entangled with an idea of success and “well managing oneself.” However, as happiness is constructed as a mandatory “individual engineering project,” more recently, female influencers have emerged who go against standards of beauty taken as oppressive. They embrace other physiques as forms of self-expression and finding joy, mostly the “big” body. Both forms of self-construction are appropriated by consumer culture and are perceived as authentic, reinforcing individualistic agency in a neoliberal context. But what happens when a fitness influencer accidently leaks the information that she underwent a liposuction procedure? Or when a “body positive” model is criticized for appropriating a plus-size agenda and not having a “true” plus-size body? Based on two Brazilian cases and literature review, this article proposes the notion of “gendered ruptures of performances,” which reveal expressive incoherence in the “narratives of the self,” thus breaking ideals of authenticity. It is argued that little attention has been paid to female self-presentation dynamics that do not occur as expected. Moreover, since their bodies are constantly subjected to the scrutiny of others, they are more susceptible to having their performances invalidated online.
Trans Failure
Authors: Lehner Ace 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis article explores potentialities for experiencing trans joy via creative praxis, which the author coins “trans failure.” As the author defines it, trans failure builds on examples set by queer failure, such as casting off limiting cultural norms (like binary gender and oppressive framings of what identities should look like), and incorporates new strategies such as deploying play as a means of self-articulating beyond the bounds of what is currently available. Trans failure's use of play has a utopian impulse often achieved via alternating strategies of theatricality, pleasure, collaboration, and experimentation in a mode of enacting alternative worlds and experiencing joy. The article discusses how play, a strategic mode of trans failure, is used to intervene in consumer culture and to work toward self-articulation and the procurement of joy. First, an explanation of gender as we understand it today is sketched out. Then, issues around representations of trans constituencies are discussed as problematically informed by dominant conceptions of gender and perpetuated in mainstream consumer culture. Then two distinct contemporary projects that disrupt the space of consumer culture are analyzed, deploying what the author names a praxis of trans failure in search of creating joy.
Fluid shear stress regulates the survival of circulating tumor cells via nuclear expansion
Authors: Xu Zichen , Li Keming , Xin Ying , Tang Kai , Yang Mo , Wang Guixue , Tan Youhua 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Distant metastasis mainly occurs through hematogenous dissemination, where suspended circulating tumor cells (CTCs) experience a considerable level of fluid shear stress. We recently reported that shear flow induced substantial apoptosis of CTCs, although a small subpopulation could still persist. However, how suspended tumor cells survive in shear flow remains poorly understood. This study finds that fluid shear stress eliminates the majority of suspended CTCs and increases nuclear size, whereas it has no effect on the viability of adherent tumor cells and decreases their nuclear size. Shear flow promotes histone acetylation in suspended tumor cells, the inhibition of which using one drug suppresses shear-induced nuclear expansion, suggesting that shear stress might increase nuclear size through histone acetylation. Suppressing histone acetylation-mediated nuclear expansion enhances shear-induced apoptosis of CTCs. These findings suggest that suspended tumor cells respond to shear stress through histone acetylation-mediated nuclear expansion, which protects CTCs from shear-induced destruction. Our study elucidates a unique mechanism underlying the mechanotransduction of suspended CTCs to shear flow, which might hold therapeutic promise for CTC eradication.
Physiological and behavioural strategies of aquatic animals living in fluctuating environments
Authors: Blewett Tamzin A. , Binning Sandra A. , Weinrauch Alyssa M. , Ivy Catherine M. , Rossi Giulia S. , Borowiec Brittney G. , Lau Gigi Y. , Overduin Sienna L. , Aragao Isabel , Norin Tommy 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTShallow or near-shore environments, such as ponds, estuaries and intertidal zones, are among the most physiologically challenging of all aquatic settings. Animals inhabiting these environments experience conditions that fluctuate markedly over relatively short temporal and spatial scales. Living in these habitats requires the ability to tolerate the physiological disturbances incurred by these environmental fluctuations. This tolerance is achieved through a suite of physiological and behavioural responses that allow animals to maintain homeostasis, including the ability to dynamically modulate their physiology through reversible phenotypic plasticity. However, maintaining the plasticity to adjust to some stresses in a dynamic environment may trade off with the capacity to deal with other stressors. This paper will explore studies on select fishes and invertebrates exposed to fluctuations in dissolved oxygen, salinity and pH. We assess the physiological mechanisms these species employ to achieve homeostasis, with a focus on the plasticity of their responses, and consider the resulting physiological trade-offs in function. Finally, we discuss additional factors that may influence organismal responses to fluctuating environments, such as the presence of multiple stressors, including parasites. We echo recent calls from experimental biologists to consider physiological responses to life in naturally fluctuating environments, not only because they are interesting in their own right but also because they can reveal mechanisms that may be crucial for living with increasing environmental instability as a consequence of climate change.
Serotonin mediates stress-like effects on responses to non-nociceptive stimuli in the medicinal leech Hirudo verbana
Authors: Mack Danielle , Yevugah Andrew , Renner Kenneth , Burrell Brian D. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Noxious stimuli can elicit stress in animals that produce a variety of adaptations including changes in responses to nociceptive and non-nociceptive sensory input. One example is stress-induced analgesia that may be mediated, in part, by the endocannabinoid system. However, endocannabinoids can also have pro-nociceptive effects. In this study, the effects of electroshock, one experimental approach for producing acute stress, were examined on responses to non-nociceptive mechanical stimuli and nociceptive thermal stimuli in the medicinal leech (Hirudo verbana). The electroshock stimuli did not alter the leeches’ responses to nociceptive stimuli, but did cause sensitization to non-nociceptive stimuli, characterized by a reduction in response threshold. These experiments were repeated with drugs that either blocked synthesis of the endocannabinoid transmitter 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) or transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) channel, which is known to act as an endocannabinoid receptor. Surprisingly, neither treatment had any effect on responses following electroshock. However, the electroshock stimuli reliably increased serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine or 5HT) levels in the H. verbana CNS. Injection of 5HT mimicked the effects of the electroshocks, sensitizing responses to non-nociceptive stimuli and having no effect on responses to nociceptive stimuli. Injections of the 5HT receptor antagonist methysergide reduced the sensitization effect to non-nociceptive stimuli after electroshock treatment. These results indicate that electroshocks enhance response to non-nociceptive stimuli but do not alter responses to nociceptive stimuli. Furthermore, while 5HT appears to play a critical role in this shock-induced sensitizing effect, the endocannabinoid system seems to have no effect.
sehr kurze (Erforschungs-)Geschichte zu Basel-Gasfabrik
Authors: Spichtig Norbert 
Published: May 2022

Seit über 100 Jahren wird in Basel auf dem Areal der «alten Gasfabrik» im äusseren St. Johann-Quartier eine der bedeutendsten jüngerlatènezeitlichen Fundstellen der Schweiz archäologisch erforscht. Durch die sehr intensiven Feldarbeiten in den fast drei Jahrzehnten ab 1988 konnte – im Vergleich zu den vormaligen Grundlagen – die Datenbasis massiv erweitert und verbessert werden.
Der Artikel stellt die Fundstelle «Basel-Gasfabrik» kurz vor und bietet einen Überblick über die Forschungsgeschichte.
Association of leukocyte nadir with complete remission in Indonesian acute myeloid leukemia patients undergoing 7+3 remission induction chemotherapy
Authors: Hadisantoso Dwi Wahyunianto , Ranuhardy Dody , Rajabto Wulyo , Rizka Aulia , Setiawan Lyana , Rinaldi Ikhwan , Mansjoer Arif , Nelwan Erni Juwita , Shatri Hamzah 
Published: May 2022

Background: The 7+3 regimen is still the main choice of remission induction chemotherapy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Successfully achieving complete remission (CR) and the time required to achieve it determine patient’s survival. Hence, bone marrow examination on 14th day of chemotherapy is recommended to predict CR. However, the examination is invasive and still inaccurate. Methods: A prognostic study with retrospective cohort design was conducted at two central hospitals in Indonesia based on medical record data of AML patients who underwent 7+3 induction chemotherapy from January 1st, 2015, to December 31st, 2019. The association of nadir leukocyte level and the time required to achieve it with CR occurrence was assessed. Results: One hundred and one subjects were recruited with median age 39 years and 55% men. A total of 55.4% subjects achieved CR. Nadir leukocyte level below 200/mcl was the most optimal cut-off point and independently associated with CR (OR 2.45; 95% CI 1.01–5.94) while time required to achieve it was not. Conclusions: The nadir leukocyte level is associated with an increase probability of CR but not for the time required to achieve it in AML patients undergoing 7+3 induction chemotherapy.
Environmental perceptions of global business travel by Swiss companies in the Zurich airport region
Authors: Echeverria Arrondo Ignacio , Wolfs Bert 
Published: May 2022

Background: This article presents findings from research conducted before the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on companies located in the Zurich airport region of Switzerland, regarding the needs for global business travel and its impacts. Methods: The study involved a mixed methods approach. Five hypotheses were tested using inferential statistics on data obtained from pre-tested closed questions in a web-based survey. Deeper context was explored through an interview-based case-study conducted at a Swiss pharma company. Results: Supporting alternative hypothesis 3 (Ha(3)), a significant positive relationship was found between travel frequency and business growth, F(1, 100) = 11.31, p = 0.0011. Supporting Ha(4), corporate culture had a significant positive relationship with business travel frequency (F(1, 100) = 15.50, p = 0.0002) and average trip length (F(1, 100) = 6.39, p = 0.01). And thirdly supporting Ha(5), corporate social responsibility had a significant relationship with global business travel (91%). Ho(2) and Ho(3) were accepted. The case study found that smart corporate travel policies and regulations should be instantiated to enhance our environment, which would also benefit employee wellbeing. Travel can be reduced significantly despite being demonstrated that physical co-presence is important for building trust. The case study suggests tools to support the monitoring and management of global business travel by organizations. Conclusions: COVID-19 has impacted travel for business significantly, and future research will be necessary to assess its impact. The article explores the ongoing research in this area, and several relevant implications are proposed for future leaders. The case study found willingness to pay both corporate and individual green taxes, and a deficiency in corporate communication around the environment. Business travel is needed to build trust; however, it can be reduced.
Assessment of the knowledge, attitudes and practices of Lebanese shoppers towards food labeling: The first steps in the Nutri-score roadmap
Authors: Hoteit Maha , Yazbeck Nour , Al-Jawaldeh Ayoub , Obeid Cecile , Fattah Heba Abdul , Ghader Marwa , Mohsen Hala 
Published: May 2022

Background: Food labeling is a fundamental educational tool for advocating for public awareness. It emphasizes knowledge of the nutrient content of food and thus directs the choice towards the healthiest food products. This cross-sectional survey aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding nutrition label use in Lebanon through a valid questionnaire. Methods: Overall, 768 participants (mean age: 30.8 ±12, males: 60.2%) were recruited randomly between February and May 2020. We used word of mouth and social media to recruit our sample population. Results: Social media was the most accessed tool to attain nutrition information by responders (39.8%). More than half the participants expressed positive attitudes to check information related to sugars (66.4%), vitamins (64.9%), total fats (61.7%), proteins (59.1%), and calories (58.7%) on the food label. Expiry date, price, and brand name were the top three considerations while reading food labels. About half (46.5%) reported to “always” look at the food label. Responders reported reading labels related primarily to sugars (44.3%), calories (38.8%), and total fats (36.8%). The optimal total KAP score was 46; our findings revealed a mean KAP score of 14.46 ±7 (31.4%). When categorizing the KAP scores, 15% had high scores, and 85% scored low. Spearman’s coefficients showed positive correlations between knowledge-attitude, knowledge-practice, and attitude-practice scores, with p<0.001. The regression analysis revealed that gender, age, BMI, residency area, educational level, university degree, health and diet statuses, and activity level were significant predictors of the KAP score. Being on a diet had the highest odds (OR=3.107, CI=1.904-5.072, p<0.001). Conclusion: The low awareness of food labels leads Lebanese people to choose unhealthy food options. A planned educational program is recommended to ease the interpretation of these labels.