bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Review of Pyridine and Pyrimidine Derivatives as Anti-MRSA Agents
Authors: Kumar Pradeep , Kumar Adarsh , Singh Ankit Kumar , Thareja Suresh 
Published: July 2022

Background:Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a gram-positive strain whose resistance against existing antibiotics is a major concern for the researchers across the globe. Gram-positive infections, particularly methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus spreading among S. aureus isolates, observed to increase exponentially from 29% in 2009 to 47% in 2014. Literature reviews revealed about 13-74% of worldwide S. aureus strains are Methicillin-resistant.Objective:In this article, we have summarized the mechanism of bacterium resistance, molecular targets to treat MRSA, and the activity of reported pyridine and pyrimidine derivatives against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.Results:The data collected for this study from online peer reviewed research articles and Molecular-docking study of reported anti-MRSA agents performed by using Maestro Module of Schrodinger software. Results of in silico studies showed that some pyridine derivatives having better binding interactions than standard anti-MRSA agents.Conclusion:Molecular docking studies of reported pyridine derivatives resulted in excellent hits for the development of novel anti- MRSA agents. Overall, this study will be immense importance for researchers working in design and development of target based anti-MRSA agents.
The Creation of a Concept Mapping Care Plan for Evaluating Students' Clinical Performance
Authors: Ab Latif Rusnani , Mat Nor Mohd Zarawi , Ismail Wan Ismahanisa , Prasetyo Yoyok Bekti 
Published: July 2022

The study aims to use concept mapping as a teaching approach in the clinical setting. The concept mapping care plan (CMCP) was developed, then validated using the Delphi technique. There were 218 respondents who participated in the survey. This study used pre and post-tests. The mean score of CMCP during clinical practices for the experimental group was 65.23 as compared with the control group which was 59.33. There were significant differences in the clinical performance of both groups. CMCP is a practical assessment tool for nursing educators to prepare nursing students to think critically and perform effectively after graduation.
Keywords: Concept mapping care plan (CMCP), clinical practices, nursing students
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7i20.3417
Veterinary needs for animal cruelty recognition and response in the United States center on training and workplace policies
Authors: Patterson-Kane Emily G. , Kogan Lori R. , Gupta Maya E. , Touroo Rachel , Niestat Laura N. , Kennedy-Benson Alison 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To better understand the experiences and perceptions of veterinary professionals in the US responding to suspected cases of animal cruelty.

SAMPLE
1,027 US veterinary professionals.

PROCEDURES
An anonymous survey was distributed via social media and veterinary professional associations between October 15 and November 15, 2020.

RESULTS
Responses indicated that more cases of suspected animal cruelty were seen by those who reported having had cruelty training and in workplaces with emergency intake or a relationship with law enforcement. In addition, suspected cases were more likely to be reported to authorities by respondents who indicated there was a workplace policy for handling cruelty cases and by individuals who indicated that they were aware that they were mandated reporters.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
The important needs for veterinary professionals in relation to animal cruelty are more training to recognize animal cruelty, workplace policies for reporting, and knowledge of reporting laws.
Fish consumption habits of pregnant women in Itaituba, Tapajós River basin, Brazil: risks of mercury contamination as assessed by measuring total mercury in highly consumed piscivore fish species and in hair of pregnant women
Authors: Oliveira Ricardo Bezerra de , Silva Domingas Machado da , Franco Thamilles Santa Bárbara Sousa , Vasconcelos Cláudio Ramon Sena , Sousa Deise Juliane dos Anjos de , Sarrazin Sandra Layse Ferreira , Sakamoto Mineshi , Bourdineaud Jean-Paul 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The Tapajós River basin in the Amazon region, Brazil is one of the most active gold mining areas in the world. In this study, we evaluated fish consumption habits and mercury exposure in 110 pregnant women in the city of Itaituba by measuring their total hair mercury concentrations. In addition, we investigated seasonal differences in mercury concentrations in two highly consumed piscivorous fish species, tucunaré (Cichla spp.) and pescada (Plagioscion squamosissimus). Total fish mercury concentrations (THg) during the dry season were 0.62±0.07 mg/kg for Cichla spp. and 0.73±0.08 mg/kg for P. squamosissimus. During the rainy season they were 0.39±0.04 and 0.84±0.08 mg/ kg, respectively. Of our participants 44 % declared that they ate Cichla spp. and 67 % P. squamosissimus. Mean mercury concentration in their hair was 1.6±0.2 mg/kg and was above the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) reference dose of 1 mg/kg in 48 % of them. Mean fish THg concentrations were also above the joint Food and Drug Administration and US EPA safety limit of 0.5 mg/kg for P. squamosissimus during both seasons and for Cichla spp. during the dry season only. These results show that pregnant women should avoid consumption of these piscivorous fish species during pregnancy and call for a regular programme to monitor Hg levels in that area.
Perfluorooctanoic acid affects mouse brain and liver tissue through oxidative stress
Authors: Endirlik Burcu Ünlü , Eken Ayşe , Canpınar Hande , Öztürk Figen , Gürbay Aylin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate oxidative stress induced by perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in the brain and liver tissues of Balb/c mice as well as protective effects of taurine and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in both organs. For this purpose, animals were treated with PFOA (15 and 30 mg/kg) orally and their lipid peroxidation, total glutathione levels (GSH), and antioxidant enzyme activities measured and both tissues analysed for histopathological changes. Our results showed a dose-dependent decrease in body weight and increase in relative brain and liver weights, PFOA-induced lipid peroxidation and reduced glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in the brain tissue, and changes in GSH levels, GPx, superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities in the liver tissue. Pre-treatment with taurine or CoQ10 provided protection against PFOA-induced Cu-Zn SOD reduction in the liver tissue. Our findings evidence the depleting effect of PFOA on antioxidative systems and confirm that PFOA exerts its (neuro)toxicity through oxidative stress, but further research is needed to identify the exact toxicity mechanisms, especially in the brain.
Occupational exposure to BTEX and styrene in West Asian countries: a brief review of current state and limits
Authors: Rahimpoor Razzagh , Sarvi Fatemeh , Rahimnejad Samira , Ebrahimi Seyed Mohammad 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The aim of introducing occupational exposure limits (OELs) is to use them as a risk management tool in order to protect workers’ health and well-being against harmful agents at the workplace. In this review we identify OELs for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene (BTEX), and styrene concentrations in air and assess occupational exposure to these compounds through a systematic literature search of publications published in West Asian countries from 1980 to 2021. OELs for BTEX and styrene have been set in Iran and Turkey to levels similar to those in European countries and the US. The search yielded 49 full-text articles that cover studies of exposure assessment in six countries, but most (n=40) regard Iran. Average occupational exposure to benzene of workers in oil-related industries is higher than recommended OEL, while average occupational exposure to other compounds is lower than local OELs (where they exist). Currently, information about levels of occupational exposure to BTEX and styrene is insufficient in West Asian countries, which should be remedied through OEL regulation and application. Furthermore, coherent research is also needed to determine actual levels of occupational exposure, dose-responses, and the economic and technical capacity of local industries to address current issues.
Antioxidative, cytotoxic, and antibacterial properties of self-assembled glycine-histidine-based dipeptides with or without silver nanoparticles in bio-inspired film
Authors: Eylul Kiymaci Merve , Erdoğan Hakan , Bacanlı Merve 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Recent years have seen much attention being given to self-assembly of dipeptide-based structures, especially to self-regulation of dipeptide structures with different amino acid sequences. In this study we investigated the effects of varying solvent environments on the self-assembly of glycine-histidine (Gly-His) dipeptide structures. First we determined the morphological properties of Gly-His films formed in different solvent environments with scanning electron microscopy and then structural properties with Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. In addition, we studied the effects of Gly-His films on silver nanoparticle (AgNP) formation and the antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of AgNPs obtained in this way. We also, assessed antibacterial activities of Gly-His films against Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus. Silver nanoparticle-decorated Gly-His films were not significantly cytotoxic at concentrations below 2 mg/mL but had antibacterial activity. We therefore believe that AgNP-decorated Gly-His films at concentrations below 2 mg/mL can be used safely against bacteria.
Architectural education in the context of social sciences
Authors: Mazalán Peter , Vinárčiková Jana , Hronský Michal C. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Architecture is an interdisciplinary subject that utilises knowledge and experience from numerous scientific fields. Social sciences in particular have a special relationship with architecture, transforming it into a living and reflective discipline. Architectural design is basically a hypothesis that explores how society would react to its substance and the conditions it creates. However, social sciences subjects are often limited to theoretical knowledge over the course of architectural education. This research discusses social and psychological sciences and their architecture-specific theories as powerful tools for student engagement in architectural education. Focusing on educational concepts which lead to a greater understanding of dynamic societal changes, the research also indirectly analyses the traditional process of creating a universal design, outside of this understanding. This approach enables students to understand the limitations of their education and to think analytically about design options and the improved interactions not only with their surroundings but, more importantly, with a specific person or group of people. Activities that develop this kind of understanding are different forms of interactive art (site-specific installations) and social activities (focus groups) with different demographics (persons with health impairments – for example barrier-lessness and social inclusion). The base research analyses social and psychological sciences in relation to the process of architectural design education with a focus on European context. In social sciences, social and spatial connection and their often implied or ignored relationships are investigated in increasingly more interesting ways. The aim of this study is to provide a complex outline of the educational methods which, on top of technological change, also actively monitor social change.
Use of different matrix systems in the treatment of simple caries.
Authors: Kovács-Ivácson Andrea-Csinszka , Stoica Alexandra Mihaela , Pop Mihai , Dakó Timea 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Dental matrix systems are instruments used in the treatment of simple caries which replace the missing wall of the tooth during restoration. The aim of the study is to evaluate, using a questionnaire-based survey, the most used matrix systems among dentists and dentistry students. Materials and methods: Two hundred and fifty questionnaires containing 8 questions were distributed in electronic and printed format to dentists in Mureș and Harghita countries and dentistry students from 4th to 6th year of study at George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș. The obtained data were then analyzed using Microsoft Excel and SSPS 20.0.0. Statistical analysis was performed using the one tailed ANOVA and Tukey/ Kramer test. Significance level was set at a value of p<0.05. Results: Of the persons who completed the questionnaire 97.78% consider it important to use a matrix system during tooth restoration, 98.25 % use it when restoring class II Black cavities. Sectional matrixes are used most commonly during class II Black cavity restoration, for MOD cavities the circular matrix systems are the preferred ones. During class V Black cavity restoration only 5.45% of the doctors and students use a matrix system. Wooden wedge is used most frequently in combination with a matrix system. Only 3.3% always ask for a control X-ray after a tooth restoration. Conclusion: The use of matrix systems is considered to be very important by both dental students and dentists in the restoration of simple caries lesions and are most commonly used for a Black class II, III, IV, and MOD cavity. More importance should be given to follow-up X-rays after tooth restoration.
Dietary clove leaf meal supplementation: influence on egg qualities and reproductive morphometry of domestic laying birds
Authors: Olateju Imoleayo Sarah , Adu Olufemi Adesanya , Ewegbemi Oluwaseyi Titilope 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This study investigated the effects of dietary Syzygium aromaticum supplementation on egg qualities, egg cholesterol and reproductive morphometry of laying hens. Three experimental diets were formulated containing 0.00%, 0.25% and 0.50% Syzygium aromaticum leaf meal (SLM). One hundred and fifty (20 weeks old) Isa-Brown birds were randomly assigned to three-treatment group which comprised 50 birds replicated five times with 10 birds each. Six eggs were collected from each replicate three days to the end of the 1st cycle of laying (4 weeks), 2nd and 3rd cycles and properly labelled for egg qualities assessment. At the end of the 12 weeks feeding trial, 45 birds (3 birds per replicate, that is, 15 birds per treatment) were slaughtered and dissected to evaluate their reproductive parameters. The result showed positive dietary effect (P<0.05) on shell thickness, yolk height, yolk index and egg mass. Cholesterol level of whole eggs, egg yolk and albumen were significantly lowered. Weight of entire reproductive tract and ovary as well as length of infundibulum, magnum, isthmus, uterus and vagina were significantly increased by dietary SLM. Conclusively, clove supplementation at 0.25% and 0.50% could be adopted for improved egg shell thickness and low-cholesterol eggs in poultry production
Genetic evaluation of Teleorman Black Head ewes using genes polymorphism for improving milk traits
Authors: Lazar Cristina , Gras Mihail Alexandru , Pelmus Rodica Stefania , Rotar Catalin Mircea 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to asses specific gene markers associated with the sheep milk production in Teleorman Black Head ewes. For the proper selection of the best candidates for milk production, the genetic markers such as CSN3, BLG and PRL were selected. To detect CSN3, PRL and BLG polymorphisms, genomic DNA was isolated from blood samples collected from 50 ewes. ASA-PCR and PCR-RFLP methods were used for genotyping of animals; the genotypes frequencies and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were estimated using R software. In our samples, for CSN3 gene were identified two genotypes (CC and CT), the most frequent being CT genotype (94%). For PRL gene, were identified three genotypes (AA, AB and BB), AA and BB genotypes being the most frequent (36% and 40% respectively). Also, three genotypes were identified for BLG gene (AA, AB and BB), with an increased frequency of AB genotype (44%). These preliminary data will be correlated in the next experiments with phenotypic data, generating important tools for genetic selection of the Teleorman Black Head sheep population.
Plasma biochemical profile of dairy cows, with respect to diet and breed
Authors: Vasilachi Andreea , Ciurescu Georgeta , Hăbeanu Mihaela 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine if total replacement of soybean meal (SBM) with a rapeseed by-product (RS-by) in the diets of Romanian Black Spotted (RBS) and Montbéliarde (MB) breeds will cause changes of the biochemical profile in lactating cows. Thirty-two healthy multiparous dairy cows, mid-lactation stage, were randomly assigned to four homogeneous groups (2 RBS and 2 MB) of 8 cows each for 42 days of experiment. Groups received the same basal diet (maize silage and alfalfa hay) and two types of compound feed: control (with 12.5% SBM) and experimental (with 12.5% RS-by). Individual blood samples were collected at the end of the trial from the mammary vein and plasma biochemical parameters were determined. The main effects of feed, breed and their interaction were statistically analyzed with SPSS software. Plasma energy parameters were not affected by the dietary treatments, but glucose was higher in MB breed. Total protein and urea were significantly higher (7.99 vs. 6.93 g/dL; 18.50 vs. 15.31 mg/dL) in control compared to the experimental group; urea was also influenced by the feed x breed interaction. Magnesium was significantly higher (1.98 vs.1.59 mg/dL) in the experimental group. Alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase were significantly higher (35.75 vs. 29.00 U/L; 43.62 vs. 36.40 U/L) in the control group. The mineral or enzimatic analytes were not affected by animal breed. The majority of the parameters ranged between the normal limits.
Estimation of the genetic parameters for Somatic Cell Scores in the first lactation of Romanian Black and White cattle
Authors: Pelmuș Rodica Ștefania , Grosu Horia , Gras Mihail Alexandru , Lazăr Cristina , Rotar Mircea Cătălin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The aim of study was the estimation of the genetic parameters of somatic cell score of Romanian Black and White cattle population. Test-day records of somatic cell count (SCC) of 305 days lactation were from Romanian Black and White cattle population from experimental farm of our institute. The mean of somatic cell count of milk in the first lactation of Romanian Black and White cows was 291966.89. The genetic parameters were estimates with random regression test-day animal model. The heritability for somatic cell score (SCS) ranged from 0.0473 to 0.147. The breeding values for the best cows for somatic cell score were between -35.566 and -191.358. The genetic correlations between somatic cell count milk records test-day were positive. The phenotypic and genetic correlations between somatic cell count and milk yield were negative.
Linear Programming with Interval Coefficients
Authors: Baboş Alina 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Many operational research optimization models, such as linear programming, assume that the data used to build a model is accurate, but in the real world most of these assumptions are only approximately true. In linear programming models, uncertainty is associated with the model coefficients during the formulation stage. A small number of papers discuss these models of linear programming with interval coefficients (LPIC). Using the method presented in paper [1], capable of solving linear programming problems with numerical intervals as intervals, we give in this paper a practical example, to demonstrate the use and the practicality of interval coefficients in linear programming models.
On the Calculus of Functionally Graded Plates
Authors: Năstăsescu Vasile , Bârsan Ghiță , Marzavan Silvia 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This paper presents some of our results regarding calculus of the functionally graded plates (FGPs). Such plates are made of Functionally Graded Materials (FGMs), which represent a new material class belonging to the composite materials. Our paper presents some material laws in a comparative way. But the main purpose of this paper is to provide calculus concepts and calculus methodologies, based on the means available in scientific research of mechanical engineering field, for the calculation of plates made of FGMs. Thus, the authors use the concepts of multilayer plate and equivalent plate, using both analytical and numerical calculus. The numerical method used are the Finite Element Method (FEM).The calculation aims both to determine the displacements and the stresses of the plates under statical loads, as well as to determine the free vibration frequencies. The research methodology is based on combining analytical calculation, where and when possible, with numerical simulation. The validation of our results is done by comparison with the analytical solution and the comparative analysis of the methods.
Practical Implementation of Reflectors for Wi-Fi Antennas
Authors: Sârbu Annamaria , Zaharia Ana-Maria 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This article presents a practical approach towards the use of reflectors for Wi-Fi antennas. First, a custom Wi-Fi antenna was simulated in CST Studio software. Using simulation, we have analysed the effects of several types of reflectors on the antenna parameters. The most effective solution (antenna plus corner reflector) was manufactured and mounted on the specially designed ensemble. The designed ensemble enables automatic rotation of the reflector around the antenna. Simulation results were finally confronted with experimental measurements to validate the data. Our findings show that the presence of the reflector significantly increases the gain in the main radiation lobe and several other radiating directions.
Electrochemical Sensors for the Detection of Chemical Warfare Agents: Strategy and Exemples
Authors: Stoian Ioan-Adrian , Moşteanu Dănuț-Eugeniu , Ilie Florin Vasile 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Since the addition of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) in the World War I, there has been a constant demand for the development of rapid and accurate analytical instruments for detecting and identifying these agents. The most common techniques used in CWAs determination are spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques. Although they possess remarkable robustness, they require prolonged analysis time, experienced personnel, expensive instrumentation and are not fit for on-field applications and fast early alert. Fortunately, electrochemical sensors represent a viable alternative due to their, simple instrumentation, high sensitivity and low cost. The aim of this article is to highlight some important aspects of electrochemical sensing and to present some electrochemical sensors developed for CWAs detection. The future perspectives and challenges in electrochemical sensor development for CWAs detection is also discussed.