bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applying blended foresight methods for revealing incentives and future strategies of key national innovation system players
Authors: Chulok Alexander 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The paper aims to develop and apply a methodological approach that could help to reveal incentives and future strategies of key National Innovation System (NIS) players considering the influence of global social, economic, scientific, technological and ecological trends. To fulfil this aim, a blended foresight methodology was applied, grounded on the platform of economic and classic foresight theory and considering four possible directions for using foresight methods: investigating and building a common vision; supporting evidence-based decisions; promoting communication and participation; inducing transformation and integration into the decision-making process. The main results and findings of the research include a list of 19 global trends, defined from literature analysis and the author’s expert knowledge, a short description of their influence on key NIS players, including society, business, infrastructure and institutions, science, education and government; and mapping more than 35 different foresight methods that could be used for revealing incentives and future strategies of key NIS players. The article’s theoretical contribution to economic theory consists of several parts. First, a NIS conception is examined through the prism of global trends and a dynamic aspect, whereas it is mostly investigated from statistical and static perspectives. Second, applying foresight as an instrument for researching NIS as a system is a developing academic area with some theoretical gaps, considered in this article by designing a conceptional research framework. Third, blending different foresight methods is always a craft, and the approach applied in this article contributes to it. Finally, the article presents several important trends which will appear in NIS and its key players’ transformation in the nearest 5–10 years. From practical implications, this article could be useful for proactive policymakers in the field of science, technology and innovation policy at national and regional levels for designing and providing measures for supporting innovation systems effectively. Foresight practitioners and experts are offered useful, practical ideas of different foresight methods and their possible combinations for everyday activities.
Clinicopathological characteristics in women with breast cancer in extreme ages in Greece: A single centre experience
Authors: Karachalios Charalampos , Karamitrousis Evangelos , Daskalakis Panagiotis 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in Greek women. The highest incidence occurs in patients aged 40–70 years. However, the emergence of the disease in women under 40 and over 80 years old is a significant problem in everyday practice, because of the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for these age groups. The objective of this study is to investigate clinicopathological characteristics of Greek women under 40 and over 80 diagnosed with breast cancer during 2019–2020 in a specialized Breast Cancer Surgical Centre, as well as the pathological characteristics of their disease and the therapeutic measures applied to these women.

Aim of the study
The aim of this study is to compare clinical and pathological characteristics of breast cancer in a group of Greek premenopausal women younger than 40 years of age with a group of elderly women older than 80 years old, who were treated in a surgical breast centre in Greece during the last two years.

Patients and Methods
During the last 2 years, 21 women under 40 and 22 women older than 80 were diagnosed with breast cancer in our Centre.

Results
Invasive ductal adenocarcinoma was the most frequent histological type for both Groups: Most younger women underwent surgery followed by chemotherapy, while the majority of older patients received hormonal therapy after surgery.

Conclusions
There were no statistically significant differences between women under 40 and women over 80 in the study sample regarding their clinicopathological characteristics. However, younger women underwent more therapeutic modalities (i.e.adjuvant treatments in addition to surgery) than older ones.
Assisted migration vs. close-to-nature forestry: what are the prospects for tree populations under climate change?
Authors: Gömöry Dušan , Krajmerová Diana , Hrivnák Matúš , Longauer Roman 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Climate change is currently perceived as the most important challenge faced globally by ecosystems and human society. The predicted changes of temperature and precipitation patterns are expected to alter the environmental conditions to which forest trees in Europe are adapted, and expose them to new pests and pathogens. This would unavoidably lead to a huge loss of ecosystem services provided to society, and at the local scale may potentially endanger the very existence of forests. In this study, we reviewed biological background and limits of mechanisms by which tree populations may cope with climate change: adaptation by natural selection, gene flow, epigenetic phenomena and phenotypic plasticity, as well as forest management strategies, which rely on these mechanisms. We argue that maintaining genetic diversity is important in the long-term view but natural selection cannot ensure sufficiently rapid response to environmental change. On the other hand, epigenetic memory effects may change adaptively relevant traits within a single generation, while close-to-nature forestry practices are the basic requirement to make use of epigenetics. Assisted migration, as a frequently suggested mitigation option, relies primarily on the knowledge gained from provenance research; the review analyses potential pitfalls of this strategy. We suggest that all approaches, i.e., leaving a part of forests without management, close-to-nature forestry, and transfer of forest reproductive materials from sources presumably adapted to future climates are combined across the landscape in an integrative manner.
Meaning equivalence issue of English and Lithuanian terms of finance
Authors: Stankevičienė Virginija , Šestakova Viorika , Zavistanavičienė Daiva 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The intensification of language contacts has led to increasing problems of compliance between terms in different languages in the translation of subject-specific texts. Dictionaries are the main tool in clarifying term meanings and trying to find the most appropriate version which could be perceived by the representatives of different languages equally. More accurate dissemination and usage of the term equivalent allows the addressee (recipient) to better comprehend the contents of the language. Not only are meaning explanation and consistency of definition formulation significant aspects in compiling bilingual dictionaries but also determination of term equivalents. Although terms of economics have old traditions in various languages, it is possible to notice the cases of meaning discrepancy and different perception. The choice and usage of appropriate term remain crucial in communicating about various finance-related operations. The more accurate and clearer the term the better perception of the subtleties of other language. The purpose of this article is to determine the extent to which the concepts of a semantic group representing finance are equivalent, i. e. how similar and different their features are in English and Lithuanian. The research revealed that the majority of the analysed terms are partially equivalent in both languages. Hence, partial equivalents and surrogates in particular may cause confusion and discrepancy in term meaning perception.
Didactic and pedagogical dimensions of Igbo oral children’s songs
Authors: Nwosu Onyebuchi , Ibezim Obinna , Ugochukwu Ngozi G. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
There is a sharp decline in the performance of Igbo oral songs by children in recent times. Unlike in the days gone, children of nowadays rarely gather in groups in the evenings or during moonlight nights to play and perform some dramatic and musical renditions which are informal forms of education. Parents now encourage their children to watch home-movies and some channel programmes in the comfort of their homes; they encourage them to embark more on some in-door games while advancing security reasons as the basis for not allowing them to participate in various forms of open communal recreation. Such attitude deprives children of the essential moralistic and educational values expected to be imbibed from the rendition of native songs in playful groups. This paper which is based on a fieldwork carried out in 2018 in Umuawuchi, an Igbo community in Imo State Nigeria, investigates the instructional values of Igbo oral children’s songs. Reiterating the moral-imparting attributes of Igbo children’s songs, the paper applies Performance Theory to investigate the thematic standpoints of Igbo children’s songs while gauging the extent to which they can be applied to impart and extrapolate on key moral values of the Igbo. The paper restates certain measures that can be activated to incorporate children’s songs into mainstream educational and mass-communication media to avert the complete loss of such rich literary repertoires.
The Relation Between Photoconductivity Threshold and Open-Circuit Voltage in Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Grzibovskis R. , Ruduss A. , Polaks A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Most of the solar cell parameters (short-circuit current, fill factor, power conversion efficiency) can only be determined by creating and measuring the solar cell. However, there is an empirical relation that links energy level values of the materials in the active layer to an open-circuit voltage (Uoc) of the solar cell. Due to a variety of possible methods used to determine energy level values and the dispersion of obtained results, this estimate is not always correct. Even if correct energy level values are obtained for separate materials, energy level shift takes place at the interfaces when two materials are mixed. That is why a simple and reliable experimental method for Uoc estimation is required. Usually, photoconductivity is used to obtain the energy gap between molecule ionization energy and electron affinity of a single material. When two materials are mixed, direct charge transfer from donor to acceptor molecule can be observed. The threshold energy (ECT) shows the real difference between donor molecule ionization energy and acceptor molecule electron affinity. This difference should correspond to the Uoc. The present study makes the comparison between the open-circuit voltage estimated from material energy level values, the obtained ECT values for various donor:acceptor systems, and the real Uoc obtained from solar cell measurements. Strong correlation between ECT and Uoc is obtained and the photoconductivity measurements can be used in the estimation of Uoc.
Morphology Influence on Wettability and Wetting Dynamics of ZnO Nanostructure Arrays
Authors: Gerbreders V. , Krasovska M. , Mihailova I. , Sledevskis E. , Ogurcovs A. , Tamanis E. , Auksmuksts V. , Bulanovs A. , Mizers V. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Changes in nanostructure morphology and size may result in very different surface wettability. In this research, the impact of different morphological parameters on the wetting dynamics of ZnO nanostructured layers is studied. Six different morphologies are chosen to determine the specific wetting processes of ZnO nanostructures: nanoneedles, small diameter rods, large diameter rods, nanotubes, nanoplates, and plain thin films. Wetting dynamics is investigated using conventional sessile drop technique and a novel approach based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results show that the surface of nanostructured ZnO thin films exhibits both hydrophilic and hydrophobic wetting behaviour, depending on nanostructure form, size, and orientation. ZnO nanostructure arrays are a promising platform for electrochemical and optical sensing in aqueous solutions. The full and effective use of the sensor working surface can be ensured only under the condition of complete wetting of the nanostructured layer. Therefore, it is important to take into account the peculiarities of the wetting process of a specific morphology of nanostructures.
Practice in Advanced, Emerging Economies, and Azerbaijan
Authors: Novruzov Samir 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to clarify the essence of the Management Consulting phenomenon, as it applies to the Azerbaijan Republic and other regions.The first part focuses on the historical basis of the establishment of Management Consulting as a separate profession and field, the arguments about it, and the geography of the initial spread. The second part clarifies some questionable practices in this area. The third part clarifies the level of consulting activities in Azerbaijan, consulting habits, and approach of the local community in this area, and the fundamental obstacles that make the phenomenon impossible to develop.
A Survey on Polish Consumers’ Perceptions of Meat Produced from Stem Cells in Vitro
Authors: Popek Stanislaw , Pachołek Bogdan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Despite the dynamic development of technology related to the production of artificial meat, this product faces one more important challenge in terms of gaining consumer acceptance. In the literature on the subject, limited research has been done on the perception of meat in vitro across different societies; therefore, there is little knowledge of the possibility of its acceptance and the type of barriers it may encounter. The aim of this study was to assess the perception of meat produced from stem cells in vitro by Polish consumers. The study was voluntary and was conducted based on an internet survey addressed to people aged 12 to 60+. Convenience sampling of respondents was used. The research sample consisted of 424 respondents with a diversified sociodemographic profile. The results showed a diversified interest in meat produced from stem cells in vitro among Polish consumers. Many respondents were not able to clearly define their preferences for this type of product. Young people showed the greatest positive interest in innovative in vitro meat. The greatest concerns of consumers were related to the lack of knowledge about this type of food, the lack of its inherent naturalness and potential negative health effects.
Knowledge and Entrepreneurial Skills in the Startup Ecosystem — The Case of Georgia
Authors: Shonia Devi , Trzmielak Dariusz M. , Abramidze Tamar 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Georgia, despite the country’s specific and complex geostrategic position, continually tense political environment, diverse views on economic development among its society and many other issues, nevertheless resolutely strives towards an overarching national idea: liberation from Russian occupation, unification of the country, formation of a knowledge economy and European integration. Crucial for this idea is economic development, which in turn hinges in part on innovation. The pace and scale of innovation are shaped primarily by scientific research and entrepreneurial achievements. Robust economic development therefore requires universities to increase entrepreneurship and initiate change in the areas of science, technology development, and new technology startup support in economic and social terms. In this article, we examine the strong relationship between the development of an appropriate ecosystem for start-ups and support for the process of new business formation in Georgia. Academic centers form one of the essential components of the ecosystem for start-ups in Georgia; their development guarantees access to knowledge and the ability to manage entrepreneurship, and the development of new companies, including innovative ones.
Transient response of “Brezina concrete arch dam”–“Reservoir water”–“Rock foundation” system
Authors: Moussi Wahiba , Berrabah Amina Tahar , Bekkouche Abdelmalek , Belharizi Mohamed 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this paper, transient responses of the Brezina concrete arch dam, located in the west of Algeria, are determined using the finite elements commercial package, Ansys. A 3D model has been created to study the rock–fluid–structure interaction phenomenon. The foundation rock is modeled as a mass rock using solid finite elements, and the reservoir water is modeled using fluid finite element for the 3D model; the length and width of the foundation rock and water reservoir, along the global X and Y axes, are taken to be 150 m and 300 m, respectively, while its depth (or height), along the Z direction, is taken to be 100 m (the total height of the model is thus 160 m considering that the reservoir water height is taken to be 50 m). Coupling equations available in the Ansys code library are used to represent the dam–water and dam–foundation interfaces. It is found that the role of the reservoir water is mixed. In some cases, its presence is like a damper, which means it decreases the range of displacement or stresses, whereas in other cases, it increases or has a negligible effect on these quantities. A notable finding is the magnitude of the calculated stresses, which stands at a very low level, either with or without water. An in-depth review of the literature reveals that the study carried out in this research encompasses several elements of originality, as only very few similar works have been undertaken.
Enhancement of Digital Stereo Vision Images based on Histogram and Gamma Correction Strategy
Authors: Kadmin Ahmad Fauzan 
Published: February 2022

Image contrast enhancement methods have been a topic of interest in digital image processing for various applications like satellite imaging, recognition, medical imaging, and stereo vision. This paper studies the technique for image enhancement utilizing Adaptive Histogram Equalization and Weighted Gamma Correction to cater radiometric condition and illumination variations of stereo image pairs. In the proposed method, the stereo pair images are segmented together with weighted distribution into sub-histograms supported with Histogram Equalization (HE) mapping or gamma correction and guided filtering. The experimental result shows the experimented techniques outperform compare with the original image in evaluation parameters of visual quality and image enhancement parameters via Entropy, MSE, and PSNR, etc. taken for performance analysis and validation.
A Survey on Blind De-Blurring of Digital Image
Authors: Abdulkhaleq Ali Hussein , El Abbadi Nidhal K. , Al Hassani Safaa Alwan 
Published: February 2022

Nowadays, huge digital images are used and transferred via the Internet. It has been the primary source of information in several domains in recent years. Blur image is one of the most common difficult challenges in image processing, which is caused via object movement or a camera shake. De-blurring is the main process to restore the sharp original image, so many techniques have been proposed, and a large number of research papers have been published to remove blurring from the image. This paper presented a review for the recent papers related to de-blurring published in the recent years (2017-2020). This paper focused on discussing various strategies related to enhancing the software's for image de-blur. The aim of this research is to help researchers to understand the current algorithms and techniques in this field, and eventually may developing new and more efficient algorithms for enhancing blurred images.
Situation and Challenges of Sustainability in Africa
Authors: Lopez Moreno Andoni , Collado Cueto Luis A. 
Published: February 2022

The paper addresses the situation and trends of African countries to achieve the SDGs of the United Nations 2030 Agenda. Africa has the most significant development challenges and the additional difficulty of addressing this process with remarkably expansive demographic dynamics that will double its population in the coming decades.
The paper's objective is to assess the situation of African countries to achieve the SDGs and group them to identify similar situations and prospects to meet economic, social, environmental and institutional challenges implicit in them.
Starting from a general analysis of the continent's situation and considering economic, social and environmental elements, the work delves into the state of each country regarding the achievement of the SDGs, taking for this the levels of progress achieved and the tendency towards the achievement of goals. With these variables, the analysis applies cluster analysis to assess which countries and regions of the continent are in a more and less favourable position concerning the achievement of the SDGs.
Based on the analysis, it is possible to conclude that most countries with the best prospects are in North Africa. In general, the North and South of the continent have a favourable position for achieving the SDGs with a social and economic nature. Concerning the environmental SDGs, the Central African countries have the best prospects, although the economic and social situation is, in general, particularly unfavourable.
Percepção das mulheres privadas de liberdade sobre a assistência à saúde recebida no pré-natal, parto e puerpério: revisão integrativa
Authors: Fortunato Laura Martins Hipólito , Meira Letícia  Gomes , Silveira Carla de Paula , Rabelo Érika Marina , Takeshita Isabela Mie 
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: Descrever, do ponto de vista das mulheres privadas de liberdade, como ocorre a assistência à saúde durante a gestação, parto e puerpério. Métodos: Pesquisa de revisão integrativa da literatura, com análise sistemática dos dados tendo como foco, o seguinte problema de pesquisa: “Qual a percepção da mulher privada de liberdade sobre a assistência à saúde recebida no pré-natal, parto e puerpério?”. Os dados utilizados no presente estudo foram obtidos na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). Os descritores utilizados foram “Gestação”, “Maternidade”, “Preso”, “Prisão”. Resultados: Os estudos encontrados destacam a complexidade de vivenciar o processo gravídico-puerperal em situação de privação de liberdade. As percepções das mulheres revelam fragilidades na assistência materno-infantil nas penitenciárias. As relações são desumanas e podem ser evidenciadas pela fragilidade do pré-natal, ausência de acompanhante durante o parto e puerpério sem assistência. Considerações finais: A maioria das instituições necessitam de ajustes e adaptações para cumprir o que é preconizado pela legislação brasileira. Dessa forma, os direitos das mulheres e filhos são ignorados e reforçam a marginalidade dessa população. Alguns aspectos encontrados nos resultados não puderam ser discutidos com profundidade, devido à falta de literatura específica.
Isolasi Enzim Bromelin dari Buah Nanas dan Aplikasinya pada Pembuatan Kecap Berbahan Baku Keong Mas
Authors: Febrianto Adi Nugroho  
Published: February 2022

Bromelin merupakan enzim proteolitik yang berasal dari buah nanas (Ananas comosus dan Ananas bracteatus). Sebagai enzim proteolitik, bromelin mampu memecah molekul-molekul protein menjadi bentuk asam amino. Pada penelitian ini enzim bromelin digunakan dalam pembuatan kecap dari keong mas sebagai katalis. Pembuatan kecap dari keong mas tersebut bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan kandungan protein yang terdapat pada keong mas. Diharapkan masyarakat khususnya petani akan mendapatkan manfaat dan nilai tambah dari pengolahan tersebut dengan mengusahakan
kecap keong mas sebagai penghasilan sampingan. Variabel yang dipelajari pada penelitian ini adalah perbandingan penggunaan komposisi antara bonggol nanas dengan keong mas pada perbandingan 1: 1 (A), 1: 2 (B), dan 1 : 3 (C) serta waktu proses hidrolisa enzimatis terhadap keong mas. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, diperoleh hasil bahwa kecap yang paling disukai adalah kecap yang dibuat dengan perbandingan 1 : 2 dengan lama proses pembuatan 3 hari.