bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digitale Gesundheitsinterventionen entwickeln, evaluieren und
implementieren (Teil I) – Diskussionspapier der Arbeitsgruppe Digital
Health des Deutschen Netzwerk Versorgungsforschung (DNVF)
Authors: Kernebeck Sven , Scheibe Madlen , Sinha Monika , Fischer Florian , Knapp Andreas , Timpel Patrick , Harst Lorenz , Reininghaus Ulrich , Vollmar Horst Christian 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungDigitale Interventionen (DI) zu gesundheitsbezogenen Themen gewinnen zunehmend an
Bedeutung. Oftmals sind sie komplexe Interventionen, die in einem komplexen
Versorgungskontext evaluiert und implementiert werden. Aufgrund der Merkmale
digitaler Interventionen ist die Versorgungsforschung vor methodische
Herausforderungen gestellt. Daher hat die Arbeitsgruppe Digital Health des
Deutschen Netzwerks Versorgungsforschung (DNVF) ein Diskussionspapier erstellt.
Darin wird diskutiert, welche Herausforderungen mit der Entwicklung und
Evaluation von DI einhergehen. Es werden Lösungsansätze und
zukünftige Forschungsbedarfe aufgezeigt.
Das Symptomenlexikon und die „Wissenschaftliche
Homöopathie“
Authors: Kohl Michael 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungEs wird der lange Weg geschildert, den es benötigte, bis ein
Symptomenlexikon (SL) erstellt werden konnte. Daran anschließend wird
erläutert, weshalb das SL ideal dazu geeignet ist, die Simileregel auf
rationelle Weise anzuwenden, um charakteristische Krankheitsbeschwerden mit
sicheren Arzneiwirkungen zur Deckung zu bringen. Das Ergebnis ist eine deutliche
Steigerung der Verschreibungssicherheit. Im 2. Teil wird dargelegt, weshalb die
zweckmäßige Anwendung des SL eine eigene Methodik und daraus
abgeleitet eine „Wissenschaftliche Homöopathie“
benötigt. Des Weiteren werden ihre Besonderheiten und Unterschiede zu
anderen Homöopathieströmungen kurz dargestellt, um sich auf
diese Weise einen ersten Überblick verschaffen zu können.
Verborgene Schätze – Zeichenkombinationen aus zwei
Schmerzempfindungen im Symptomenlexikon
Authors: Heußlein Hansjörg 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungCharakteristische Zeichenkombinationen erlauben die Unterscheidung der Wirkungen
der homöopathischen Arzneien und deren Verschreibung nach dem
Ähnlichkeitsgesetz. Neben den oft angewendeten Zeichenkombinationen aus
Schmerzempfindung und Modalität, Organ oder begleitender Beschwerde ist
die Verschreibung nach Zeichenkombinationen aus 2 Schmerzempfindungen im
Symptomenlexikon ausgesprochen wertvoll. An 2 einfachen Beispielfällen
wird die Anwendung dieser Zeichenkombinationen demonstriert.
Chronische Obstipation nach Milztrauma und mehrfachen
abdominalchirurgischen Eingriffen
Authors: Schuricht Ulrich 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungAnhand eines Falles wird die Arzneimittelfindung mithilfe des Symptomenlexikons
(SL) von Uwe Plate nach der von Michael Kohl entwickelten Methode dargestellt.
Schwerpunkt ist die Bewertung der Patientensymptome hinsichtlich ihrer Bedeutung
bei der Arzneimittelwahl und ihre Übersetzung in die Begrifflichkeiten
des SL. Anhand des Behandlungsverlaufs wird ferner eine Dosierungsform von
flüssigen Q-Potenzen bei einer chronischen Erkrankung mit
täglich auftretenden Symptomen präsentiert – unter
Berücksichtigung von Problemen wie Überdosierung und
Unterdosierung.
Kurz und gut: zwei Akutfälle (mit dem SL 5)
Authors: Knippel Helga 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungEs werden 2 Kasuistiken zu Akutfällen vorgestellt. Geschildert werden ein
Fall einer Herpes-simplex-Erkrankung, ausgelöst durch eine für
die Patientin angstbesetzte Situation, und ein Fall einer akuten Impfreaktion
nach einer Covid-19-Impfung mit dem Impfstoff von Johnson und Johnson. Die
Arzneimittelfindung erfolgte mit dem Symptomenlexikon SL 5. Der Vorteil des
direkten Symptomenabgleichs mit den Originalprüfungen wird gezeigt.
Management of Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma: Recent advances
Authors: Rathnam Krishnakumar , Saju S. V. , Honey Susan Raju 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) accounts for ∼10% of total hematologic malignancies worldwide. In India, the incidence of MM has increased two-fold with marked heterogeneity. Significant improvements in terms of clinical outcomes have been observed in the management of MM in recent years. However, most patients develop a disease relapse with the first or subsequent treatments. A combination of immunomodulatory drugs (thalidomide and lenalidomide) and proteasome inhibitors (PIs; bortezomib) has been the mainstay for the therapeutic management of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). This review highlights the management of RRMM with newer agents such as belantamab, carfilzomib, daratumumab, elotuzumab, ixazomib, mafadotin, selinexor, panobinostat, and venetoclax, with more focus on PIs. As a single agent and in combination with other drugs including dexamethasone and carfilzomib has been studied extensively and approved by the United States, European Union, and India. Clinical trials of these newer agents, either alone or in combination, for the treatment of RRMM in Western countries indicate survival, improved outcomes, and overall well-being. However, evidence in Indian patients is evolving from ongoing studies on carfilzomib and daratumumab, which will ascertain their efficacy and safety. Currently, several guidelines recommend carfilzomib-based, daratumumab-based, and panobinostat-based regimens in RRMM patients. Currently, with more accessible generic versions of these drugs, more Indian patients may attain survival benefits and improved quality of life.
Approach to Acute Respiratory Illness in Children with Hematological Malignancy: A Prospective Study Evaluating Utility of CT Scan
Authors: Aggarwal Priyanka , Raipa Tapish , Kumar Ishan , Verma Ashish , Shukla Ram Chandra , Gupta Vineeta 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction Various pulmonary complications can occur in children with hematological malignancies including both infection and malignant disease infiltration of pulmonary parenchyma.
Objectives To assess the role of CT scan in determining the etiology of acute pulmonary complications in children with hematological malignancies.
Materials and Methods All children < 17 years with newly diagnosed hematological malignancy with respiratory symptoms (Group A) along with children who developed fever with persistent respiratory symptoms as well as worsening chest radiographs during treatment (Group B) and underwent CECT thorax, from February 2019 to July 2020 were enrolled. The final diagnosis was made on the basis of clinical history, laboratory as well as radiological investigations and treatment response.
Results Thirty-seven children with mean age of 7.5 ± 3.5 years and male to female ratio of 1.3:1 who underwent CECT thorax were included in our study. For newly diagnosed cases, i.e., Group A (n = 8), the most common cause of respiratory symptoms as identified on CECT thorax was pulmonary tumoral infiltration (n = 5) followed by tuberculosis (n = 3). However, in Group B (n = 29) the cause of persistent respiratory symptoms was identified as infection (n = 17) followed by leukemic infiltration (n = 12). Thus, chest CT could accurately identify pulmonary tuberculosis, fungal pneumonia, bacterial infection, and pulmonary tumoral infiltrates.
Conclusion CT scan can be used as an adjunctive tool for prompt diagnosis and management of pulmonary complications in children with persistent respiratory symptoms as they are often non-specific.
Does Mental Distress Predict Cardiac Surgical Outcome?
Authors: Buschmann Katja , Wiltink Jörg , Ghazy Ahmed , Bremerich Dorothee , Emrich Anna Lena , Beutel Manfred E. , Treede Hendrik 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background Mental distress is suspected to influence the morbidity of cardiac patients. Evaluating mental distress in cardiac patients is rare and the impact on surgical outcome is still not certified.
Methods In 94 cardiac surgical patients, mental distress was assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4). We defined length of stay in hospital and on intensive care unit as well as time of mechanical ventilation as outcomes on surgery. Age, physical activity, diabetes, overweight, PHQ-4, and an inflammation marker were tested for their predictive value on outcomes.
Results Reportedly prevalence of generalized anxiety was 16.0% and depression rate was 13.8%. Length of stay in hospital was 13 ± 8 days, time of mechanical ventilation was 10 (0–1,207) hours, and length of stay on intensive care unit was 3 ± 6 days. Length of stay in hospital was significantly predicted by age (p = 0.048), low physical activity (p = 0.029), and high C-reactive protein (CRP; p = 0.031). Furthermore, CRP was the only significant predictor of time of mechanical ventilation and length of stay on intensive care unit.
Conclusion Outcome was not predicted by mental distress. However, inflammation marker CRP was predictive for outcome, potentially caused by higher cardiovascular risk profile. Additionally, depression was referred to be associated with inflammation. Probably, the small sample and the timing of assessment were responsible for the missing relation between mental distress and outcome. We presume a relation with low physical activity and depression. Nevertheless, further randomized studies are needed to pay more attention on patients' distress to intervene preoperatively to improve postoperative outcome.
Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management of Hypertension in the Elderly
Authors: Glazier James J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThere is a high prevalence of systemic arterial hypertension in the elderly; 70% of adults >65 years have this disease. A key mechanism in the development of hypertension in the elderly is increased arterial stiffness. This accounts for the increase in systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure and fall in diastolic blood pressure (isolated systolic hypertension) that are commonly seen in the elderly, compared with younger persons. The diagnosis of hypertension is made on the basis of in-office blood pressure measurements together with ambulatory and home blood pressure recordings. Lifestyle changes are the cornerstone of management of hypertension.Comprehensive guidelines regarding blood pressure threshold at which to start pharmacotherapy as well as target blood pressure levels have been issued by both European and American professional bodies. In recent years, there has been considerable interest in intensive lowering of blood pressure in older patients with hypertension. Several large, randomized controlled trials have suggested that a strategy of aiming for a target systolic blood pressure of <120 mm Hg (intensive treatment) rather than a target of <140 mm Hg (standard treatment) results in significant reduction in the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events and total mortality. A systolic blood pressure treatment of <130 mm Hg should be considered favorably in non-institutionalized, ambulatory, free living older patients. In contrast, in the older patient with a high burden of comorbidities and limited life expectancy, an individualized team-based approach, based on clinical judgment and patient preference should be adopted. An increasing body of evidence for older adults with hypertension suggests that intensive blood pressure lowering may prevent or at least partially prevent cognitive decline.
Diagnosis and Management of Aortic Valvular Disease in the Elderly
Authors: Gorton Andrew J. , Keshavamurthy Suresh , Saha Sibu P. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAortic valvular disease, including aortic stenosis and aortic regurgitation, is increasingly common with age. Due to the aging population, more elderly patients are presenting with aortic valve pathology and expectations for prompt diagnosis and efficacious treatment. The current paradigm for aortic valve disease is based on surgical or interventional therapy. In this review, we discuss the approach to diagnosing aortic valvular disease and the different options for treatment based on the most recent evidence.
Stochastic asymptotical regularization for linear inverse problems
Authors: Zhang Ye , Chen Chuchu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We introduce stochastic asymptotical regularization (SAR) methods for the uncertainty quantification of the stable approximate solution of ill-posed linear-operator equations, which are deterministic models for numerous inverse problems in science and engineering. We demonstrate that SAR can quantify the uncertainty in error estimates for inverse problems. We prove the regularizing properties of SAR with regard to mean-square convergence. We also show that SAR is an order-optimal regularization method for linear ill-posed problems provided that the terminating time of SAR is chosen according to the smoothness of the solution. This result is proven for both a priori and a posteriori stopping rules under general range-type source conditions. Furthermore, some converse results of SAR are verified. Two iterative schemes are developed for the numerical realization of SAR, and the convergence analyses of these two numerical schemes are also provided. A toy example and a real-world problem of biosensor tomography are studied to show the accuracy and the advantages of SAR: compared with the conventional deterministic regularization approaches for deterministic inverse problems, SAR can provide the uncertainty quantification of the quantity of interest, which can in turn be used to reveal and explicate the hidden information about real-world problems, usually obscured by the incomplete mathematical modeling and the ascendence of complex-structured noise.
Elastic Electron scattering by thermal mixture of glycine conformers in gas phase
Authors: Ribas Mylena H , Tennyson Jonathan , Fujimoto Milton M 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A theoretical study of electron scattering by a thermal mixture of glycine molecules in the energy range from 1 to 10 eV is performed using the UK-RMol codes which are based on the R-Matrix method. The six lowest relative Gibbs free energies glycine conformers considered, Ip, IIp, IIn, IIIp, IIIn and IVn, are significantly populated in thermal mixtures. All these conformers present similar resonance structures in the eigenphase sums: a lower-energy resonance state near 1.8 eV and another at higher-energy above 7 eV. For the six conformers the lowest resonance lies between 1.75 eV and 2.21 eV. The very large dipole moments of 6.32 D and 5.67 D for IIp and IIn, respectively, makes the magnitude of their cross sections significantly larger than other conformers, which increases the average cross sections in thermal mixtures compared with the cross sections of the lowest energy Ip conformer. Three conformer population sets are used to calculate the averaged differential and integral cross sections: two theoretical sets based on the relative Gibbs free energies and another set that aims to mimic experiment based on the observed populations. The averaged cross sections are similar for all population sets, but differ from the Ip conformer cross section. This suggests that, for large and flexible molecules, the computed average cross sections should be used when comparing with experimental data.
Formation of wide negative streamers in air and helium: the role of fast electrons
Authors: Babaeva N Yu , Naidis G V , Tereshonok D V , Tarasenko V F , Beloplotov D V , Sorokin D A 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Available experimental data show that the use of voltage pulses with subnanosecond rise times and amplitudes that essentially exceed the breakdown voltage leads to the formation of wide spherical or conical streamers. In this paper, the structure and dynamics of atmospheric pressure wide negative streamers in air and helium by applying high overvoltages with a short rise time to a sharp needle electrode are investigated experimentally and computationally. In the simulations, the two-dimensional fluid and kinetic electron Monte Carlo simulation models are used. All the streamers were simulated with the conventional photoionization term S
ph that was never turned off. By including an additional source S
MC, responsible for the generation of fast electrons, wide and diffuse streamers are obtained. We compare the shapes, width and velocities of conventional streamers in air and helium with those for streamers driven by fast electrons. We show that a conventional streamer in air has a cylindrical form. The conventional streamer in helium is wider than that in air and has a shape of an expanding cone. While accounting for fast electrons, different streamer shapes were obtained. In air, the gap was closed by a spherical streamer. In helium, the shape of a streamer resembles that of a pumpkin. We also demonstrate that near the flat anode, velocities of conventional streamers in air and helium were as high as 5 × 109 cm s−1 and reached values greater than 1010 cm s−1 when fast electrons were taken into account. By the application of high (by a factor of four or greater) overvoltages to a sharp needle electrode, the formation of a discharge with several parallel streamers was observed. In this regime, the trajectories of fast electrons originated not only from the cathode, but also from the region of a streamer front where the electric field is high. As a result, the so-called diffuse discharge was formed with high intensity plasma channels surrounded by an aureole of smaller electron density.
Metrological generation of SI-traceable gas-phase standards and reference materials for (semi-) volatile organic compounds
Authors: de Krom Iris , Heikens Dita , Horn Wolfgang , Wilke Olaf , Richter Matthias , Baldan Annarita 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
EN 16516 sets specifications for the determination of emissions into indoor air from construction products. Reliable, accurate and International System of Unit (SI)-traceable measurement results of the emissions are the key to consumer protection. Such measurement results can be obtained by using metrologically traceable reference materials. Gas-phase standards of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in air can be prepared by a variety of dynamic methods according to the ISO 6145 series. However, these methods are not always applicable for semi-VOCs (SVOCs) due to their high boiling point and low vapour pressure. Therefore, a novel dynamic gas mixture generation system has been developed. With this system gas-phase standards with trace level VOCs and SVOCs in air can be prepared between 10 nmol mol−1 and 1000 nmol mol−1. The VOCs and SVOCs in this study have normal boiling points ranging from 146 °C to 343 °C. Metrologically traceable reference materials of the gas-phase standard were obtained by sampling of the VOC gas-phase standard into Tenax TA® sorbent material in SilcoNert® coated stainless steel tubes. Accurately known masses between 10 ng and 1000 ng per VOC were sampled. These reference materials were used to validate the dynamic system. Furthermore, the storage and stability periods of the VOCs in the reference materials were determined as these are crucial characteristics to obtain accurate and SI-traceable reference materials. In a round robin test (RRT), the reference materials were used with the aim of demonstrating the feasibility of providing SI-traceable standard reference values for SVOCs for interlaboratory comparison purposes. Based on the results from the validation, the storage and stability studies and the RRT, gas-phase standards and reference materials of VOCs and SVOCs with relative expanded uncertainties between 5% and 12% (k = 2) have been developed. These reference standards can be used as calibrants, reference materials or quality control materials for the analysis of VOC emissions.
Parallel network using intrinsic component filtering for rotating machinery fault diagnosis
Authors: Han Baokun , Liu Zongling , Zhang Zongzhen , Wang Jinrui , Bao Huaiqian , Yang Zujie , Xing Shuo , Jiang Xingwang , Li Bo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Machine learning is gradually applied to the fault diagnosis system of rotating machinery. However, the fault diagnosis system can only classify and identify the fault types previously trained by the model in the system. If the system is required to identify more types of faults, all the untrained new fault types and previously trained fault types need to be input into the model to retrain. Under the current background of big data, the upgrade time of fault types will be relatively long. To solve this problem, a parallel network model based on intrinsic component filtering (PICF) is proposed, in which each type of sample is trained separately, and then each type of training model is reduced in dimension, and finally the model we need is combined. The fault diagnosis framework based on the PICF is proposed. Firstly, the framework divides the input fault samples into training samples and test samples. Then the training samples are randomly segmented and input into the PICF training model, then the activation function is introduced to activate the training features and test features, and finally the softmax classifier is used for classification. The sparsity of order fault training in parallel network is discussed and the influence of sample segment number and nonlinear activation function on diagnosis is studied. Compared with other deep learning methods, the experiment results of the bearing and gearbox show that the proposed method can not only achieve higher fault classification accuracy under small sample training, but also update the model efficiently without reducing the diagnosis accuracy when increasing fault types.
Transitions in polycrystalline diamond probed by steady state, modulated and transient surface photovoltage spectroscopy
Authors: Dittrich Thomas , Fengler Steffen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Numerous electronic transitions in polycrystalline chemical vapor deposition diamond with characteristic nucleation and growth sides were obtained by highly sensitive surface photovoltage (SPV) spectroscopy in dc (Kelvin probe), ac (modulated) and ac (transient) regimes from near infrared to deep ultraviolet. In the dc regime, defect transitions D1 to D8 were detected at 0.8–0.9, 1, 1.37, 1.78, 2.27, 3.15, 4.2 and 5.42 eV, respectively. Hints for more transitions were found for measurements in the ac (modulated) regime in the range near D3. SPV measurements in the ac (transient) regime showed the importance of disorder for relaxation of SPV signals excited at different photon energies. Phonon assisted transitions were observed at E
g− E
x− hν
LA,LO, E
g− E
x + hν
LA,LO and E
g− E
x + hν
TO. The developed SPV techniques are suitable for applications in research and quality control not only for diamond but also for any other semiconductor with ultra-wide bandgap.
Demonstrating backflow in classical two beams’ interference
Authors: Daniel Anat , Ghosh Bohnishikha , Gorzkowski Bernard , Lapkiewicz Radek 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The well-known interference pattern of bright and dark fringes was first observed for light beams back in 1801 by Thomas Young. The maximum visibility fringes occur when the irradiance of the two beams is equal, and as the ratio of the beam intensities deviates from unity, fringe visibility decreases. An interesting outcome that might not be entirely intuitive, however, is that the wavefront of such unequal amplitude beams’ superposition will exhibit a wavy behavior. In this work, we experimentally observe the backflow phenomenon within this wavy wavefront. Backflow appears in both optics (retro- propagating light) and in quantum mechanics (QM), where a local phase gradient is not present within the spectrum of the system. It has become an interesting subject for applications as it is closely related to superoscillations whose features are used in super resolution imaging and in a particle’s path manipulations. The first successful attempt to observe backflow was made only recently in an assembly of optical fields, by synthesizing their wavefront in a complex manner. Yet, backflow is perceived as hard to detect. Here, by utilizing interference in its most basic form, we reveal that backflow in optical fields is robust and surprisingly common, more than it was previously thought to be.