bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on Formation Mechanism of Serrated Chip of Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Alloy Based on Shear Slip Theory
Authors: Zhu Xiaohua , Shi Jiangmiao , Liu Yunhai , Jiang Yuhong , Zhou Bowen , Zhao Xiao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Titanium alloy is a typical hard-to-machine metal and a lot of serrated chips are often formed in the cutting process. The appearance of serrated chips will not only cause the fluctuation of cutting force, resulting in the decline of cutting accuracy, but also lead to the rapid wear of tools. In this study, the formation mechanism of serrated chip of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy was investigated by a two-dimensional cutting simulation model of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy, which was established by using the Johnson-Cook constitutive model and Johnson-Cook fracture model. It is found that shear slip occurs with the decrease of the shear band and the overall stress during the formation of serrated chips. The peak temperature is reached at the end of the shear band. Meanwhile, the "dead zone" of temperature and stress is formed near the edge of the tool, which has an obvious periodic alternating trend in the cutting process, resulting in the macro curl and micro serration of chips.
Influence of field of view size and reconstruction methods on single-energy metal artifact reduction: a phantom study
Authors: Tsuboi Kunihito , Osaki Naoko , Ohtani Yuki , Tanikawa Ken , Kaneko Masanori 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of single-energy metal artifact reduction (SEMAR) for metal artifacts using CT images reconstructed with adaptive iterative dose reduction three dimensional (AIDR3D) and advanced intelligent clear-IQ engine (AiCE) in calibration-field of view of various sizes. A prosthetic hip joint was arranged at the center of the phantom. The phantom images were scanned by changing calibration-field of view of 320 mm and 500 mm, and were reconstructed using filtered back-projection (FBP), AIDR3D, and AiCE with and without SEMAR, respectively. The metal artifact reduction with SEMAR was evaluated by calculated the relative artifact index value and visual scores in degree of artifact by seven radiology technologists. Relative artifact index of FBP, AIDR3D, and AiCE with 320 mm/500 mm calibration-field of views were 10.2/10.0, 16.3/16.4, and 17.8/17.9 without SEMAR, 3.3/3.1, 2.6/2.5, and 2.3/2.0 with SEMAR, respectively. Visual scores were not significantly different between 320 mm and 500 mm calibration-field of views in all reconstruction methods. The effect of metal artifact reduction was not affected by calibration-field of view sizes in the SEMAR combined with AIDR3D or AiCE.
Evaluation of left ventricular systolic function in patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction treated by Tongxinluo after percutaneous coronary intervention by tissue mitral annulus displacement technique
Authors: Qin Wenjuan , Zhai Zijing , Feng Jia , Tian Ruimeng , Wang Zhen , Huang Lei , Lu Guilin , Dong Shanshan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose: We aimed to investigate the value of the tissue mitral annular displacement (TMAD) technique in evaluating left ventricular systolic function in patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated by Tongxinluo after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: Sixty patients with acute STEMI who underwent emergency PCI were randomly assigned to either the conventional group or the Tongxinluo group. Conventional echocardiography, two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (2D-STI) and TMAD were performed 72 hours and 12 months after PCI. The following parameters were obtained: left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD), stroke output (SV), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF-Simpson), global longitudinal strain of left ventricle (GLS), left ventricular global circumferential strain (GCS), septal displacement (TMAD-sep), lateral displacement (TMAD-lat), midpoint displacement (TMAD-midpt) and the percentage of TMAD to LV length from the midpoint of the mitral annulus to the apex at end-diastolic (TMAD-midpt%). And LVEF was measured by three-dimensional automated cardiac function quantification (3DQA) (LVEF-3DQA). Statistical analysis was used to analyze the differences in the above indicators among the groups and their correlations. Results: 12 months after PCI, compared with the conventional group, LVEDD, LVESD and SV decreased, LVEF-Simpson, LVEF-3DQA, GLS, GCS and TMAD parameters increased in the Tongxinluo group (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that TMAD parameters were positively correlated with GLS and LVEF-3DQA, and TMAD-midpt% had the highest correlation with GLS and LVEF-3DQA (r = 0.829，P < 0.01；r = 0.754，P < 0.01), and TMAD-midpt% had good repeatability and good repeatability. Conclusion: TMAD can be used to evaluate the protective effect of Tongxinluo on left ventricular systolic function in patients with acute STEMI after PCI.
Elucidation of Partial Activation of Cannabinoid Receptor Type 2 and Identification of Potential Partial Agonist: Molecular Dynamics Simulation and Structure-Based Virtual Screening
Authors: Uba Abdullahi Ibrahim , Aluwala Harika , Liu Haiguang , Wu Chun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Cannabinoid receptors type 2 (CB2R) is a member of class A G protein-coupled receptor (GPCRs) family and a component of the endocannabinoid system modulated by a psychoactive chemical from Cannabis sativa, partial agonist Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC). Selective activation of CB2R allows for the treatment of inflammatory and immune-related conditions without the psychotropic effects of CB1R. While CB2R-selective agonists are available, CB2R partial agonists are scarce. Hence, the pharmacological difference between CB2R full agonist and partial agonist remains to be deciphered, prompting the search for novel partial agonists. Here, using an induced-fit docking approach, we built a partial agonist Δ9-THC bound CB2R system from the inactive CB2R structure (PDB ID: 5ZTY) and performed microsecond molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The simulations reveal an upward shift of the “toggle switch” W6.48(258) and minor outward movement of the transmembrane helix 6 (TM6). The Dynamics network model identifies possible communication path between the ligand and the toggle switch” W6.48(258). Furthermore, to identify novel CB2R partial agonists, we conducted structure-based virtual screening of ZINC15 “Druglike” library containing 17,900742 compounds against 3 conformations derived from MD simulation of CB2R complexed with partial agonist Δ9-THC using Glide virtual screening protocol comprising various filters with increasing accuracy. The top 30 hits (10 compounds for each conformation) were subjected to molecular dynamics simulation, MM-GBSA binding energy calculations, and further ADMET prediction. Nine diverse compounds with higher MM-GBSA scores and good ADMET properties are proposed as novel potential CB2R partial agonists.
In vitro expansion of T. gondii tachyzoites using a magnetic aggregation 3D cell culture
Authors: Nascimento Ana Crisitna Gomes , Silva Giovana Dias da , Rocha Leonardo Wilans Pereira de Souza , Passos Priscila de Queiroz Souza , Galisteo Andrés Jimenez , Ekman Luciana Regina Meireles Jaguaribe , Vieira Daniel Perez 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite capable of infecting a wide range of living beings, including felines that are the definitive hosts of the disease, toxoplasmosis, and livestock, birds and fish. In humans, the parasite can also be present in a latent or cystic form, the latter being able to become chronic, leading to lodging in brain, retina or muscles. Infection occurs upon consuming water or food contaminated with oocysts. The tachyzoites of RH strain have fast replication and relative difficulty of maintanence exclusively in vitro, often requiring stages of in vivo cultivation in experimental animals. Three-dimensional nanoestrutucured cell cultures can be helpful to build new forms of in vitro production with potential gains in practicality and yield. This work aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of use of three-dimensional culture of murine fibroblasts aggregated to nanoparticles as substrate for T. gondii tachyzoites with the intention of facilitating the management and in vitro replication of the parasite. Magnetic aggregation was used to produce cell spheroids, which were infected with tachyzoites of RH strain and maintained in culture. After infection spheroids were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy with 3D rendering of image stacks. The presence of the parasite was confirmed by PCR and the number of free parasites in culture was evaluated by flow cytometry. The three-dimensional culture model used showed sustainable production of tachyzoites within 24 hours after inoculum, showing itself as a potential surrogate for the use of animals for the maintenance of the parasite.
Expression Of Rad6, Ddb2 And Cancer Stem Cell / Csc Protein (Cd44+/Cd24-) On Therapy Response To The Administration Of Chemotherapy In Ovarian Cancer: A Prospective Flow Cytometry Study
Authors: Sihombing Unedo Hence Markus , Andrijono Andrijono , Purwoto Gatot , Gandamihardja Supriadi , Harahap Alida R. , Rustamadji Primariadewi , Kekalih Aria , Fuady Dzicky Rifqi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective: Ovarian cancer is the 8th deadliest women’s cancer in the world. In 2018 there were 295.414 new cases with 184.799 deaths. In Indonesia, there are 13.310 (7,1%) ovarian cancer of 188.231 female cancer with an incidence of 9,7/100,000. Almost all patients experienced chemoresistance, recurrence, and poor prognosis after cytoreductive surgery followed by platinum-based chemotherapy. Chemo-resistant cancer cells have characteristic expressions of RAD6, DDB2, and cancer stem cell proteins (CSCs, CD44+/CD24-). RAD6 is a UBE2 enzyme required for DNA repair, mutagenesis, and proliferation. DNA damage-binding protein 2 (DDB2) protein is an amino acid that repairs the excision of nucleotides in DNA. CD44+/CD24- protein is a transmembrane glycoprotein. Increased expression of CD44+/CD24-, RAD6, and decreased DDB2 are believed to be associated with chemoresistance, recurrence, and poor prognosis of the disease. Methods: This study is a prospective cohort of 32 people in each group at the Obstetrics-gynecology and pathology Department of Cipto Mangunkusumo, Tarakan, Dharmais, and Fatmawati Hospital. All suspected ovarian cancer patients will undergo cytoreductive debulking and histopathological examination. Chemotherapy will be given for six series followed by six months of observation. We determine therapy response with the RECIST Criteria (Response Criteria in Solid Tumors) then classify it into chemo-resistant or chemo-sensitive groups. The patient will perform Flow cytometry blood tests to examine the expression of RAD6 and DDB2 and CD44+/CD24-. We used univariate, bivariate, and multivariate (logistic regression) analysis in this research.Results: There was a significant relationship between increased levels of CD44+/CD24-, RAD6, and reduced DDB2 protein (p<0,05) with chemoresistance of ovarian cancer. Logistic regression test showed that the results of CD44+/CD24‑ also had significant results compared to other variables. Conclusion: These results indicate that CD44+/CD24-, RAD6, and DDB2 are significantly associated with ovarian cancer chemoresistance, and CD44+/CD24- is the primary marker to predict ovarian cancer chemoresistance.
WITHDRAWN: Retrospective investigation of origin, epidemiology and genetic characteristics of the dengue fever outbreak in Yunnan, China from 2017 to 2018
Authors: Jin Ningyi , Wang Wei , Liu Yumeng , Guo Xiaofang , Yu Ning , Wei Chun , Li Chenghui , Nan Fulong , Zheng Min , Sun Wenchao , Luo Tingrong , Zhou Hongning , Lu Huijun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Dengue has become a worldwide public health problem. In recent years, Dengue has broken out in multiple countries and regions. From 2017 to 2018, a dengue epidemic broke out in Yunnan of China and neighboring Southeast Asian countries (Laos and Myanmar). In this study, retrospective detection and genetic characterization of Dengue virus (DENV) strains were carried out between 2017 and 2018 in Yunnan, China. The dengue outbreak in Yunnan, China in 2017 was mainly caused by DENV1, while the dengue outbreak in 2018 was caused by DENV1 and DENV2. Among them, DENV2 plays a dominant role. Then, three complete sequence and ten envelope (E) gene sequences were obtained through PCR. YN/324 and YN/017 were isolated from Myanmar travelers, and YN/117 isolate from Laos travelers. In addition, YN/007 isolate has 13 nucleotides (10270 nt -10282 nt) deletions in the 3′ UTRs, which leads to significant changes in the RNA secondary structure. Multiple sequence alignment E gene sequences revealed that these locally isolates share high homology (> 99.5%) with the isolates from Myanmar and Laos. The phylogenetic divergence analysis also revealed that most of the local isolates were closely related to the isolates from Myanmar and Laos. YN/033 strain belong to genotype V of DENV1, and it was detected in Yunnan after 2013. Other isolates of DENV1 in this study were clustered in a branch representing genotype I. These isolates of DENV2 in this study belonged to Asia I, Asia II and Cosmopolitan. Further analyzed the relationship between the evolutionary tree branching and amino acid substitution of genotype revealed that multiple amino acid substitutions are related to the genetic evolution of DENV1 or DENV2, respectively. Similarly, genotype 1 of DENV1 can be divided into 4 subgroups based on the amino acid substitutions. In addition, twelve amino acid mutations are unique to the isolate in this study and have never been reported. Interestingly, recombination analysis found that both DENV1 and DENV2 isolates in this study had widespread intra-serotype recombination. In summary, the results of the epidemiological investigation implies that the dengue outbreak in Yunnan of China was mainly caused by imported cases. This research provides new reference for further research on the prevalence and the molecular epidemiology of DENV in Yunnan, China, as well as the variation characteristics of these novel isolates.
A Simplified Prediction Model for End-stage Kidney Disease in Patients With Diabetes
Authors: Inoguchi Toyoshi , Okui Tasuku , Nojiri Chinatsu , Eto Erina , Hasuzawa Nao , Inoguchi Yukihiro , Ochi Kentaro , Takashi Yuichi , Hiyama Fujiyo , Nishida Daisuke , Umeda Fumio , Yamauchi Teruaki , Kawanami Daiji , Kobayashi Kunihisa , Nomura Masatoshi , Nakashima Naoki 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to develop a simplified model for predicting end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in patients with diabetes. The cohort included 2,549 individuals who were followed up at Kyushu University Hospital (Japan) between January 1, 2008 and December 31, 2018. The outcome was a composite of ESKD, defined as an eGFR < 15 mL min− 1 [1.73 m]−2, dialysis, or renal transplantation. The mean follow-up was 5.6 \(\pm\) 3.7 years, and ESKD occurred in 176 (6.2 ) individuals. Both a machine learning random forest model and a Cox proportional hazard model selected eGFR, proteinuria, hemoglobin A1c, serum albumin levels, and serum bilirubin levels in a descending order as the most important predictors among 20 baseline variables. A model using eGFR, proteinuria and hemoglobin A1c showed a relatively good performance in discrimination (C-statistic: 0.842) and calibration (Nam and D’Agostino \(\chi\)2 statistic: 22.4). Adding serum albumin and bilirubin levels to the model further improved it, and a model using 5 variables showed the best performance in the predictive ability (C-statistic: 0.895, \(\chi\)2 statistic: 7.7). The accuracy of this model was validated in an external cohort (n = 5,153). This novel simplified prediction model may be clinically useful for predicting ESKD in patients with diabetes.
Novel nannofossils extraction methodology from paintings coupled with GC-MS for provenance determination and binder analysis
Authors: Jaques Victory Armida Janine , Trubač Jakub , Rathousky Jiři , Cajthaml Tomáš , Holcová Katarina 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Calcareous nannofossils for provenance analysis is a new-old topic for cultural heritage. Several studies already mentioned it for ceramic but less for paintings. Preparatory layers of the paintings are often made with chalk which is composed of microfossils. In order to extract the calcareous nannofossils assemblage from these layers, we need to disaggregate it. Actually, the method is to plunge the micro-samples into the water and heat it if the water alone does not work. The resulting disaggregation takes long and is not efficient in terms of quantitative results or time. In this work, we aimed to develop a disaggregation method that will extract the most nannofossils from the preparatory layer with the least destruction. As these samples are unique and we should make the most of them, we observe if gas chromatography-mass spectrometer analysis could be done on the disaggregated sample in order to determine the binders after the nannofossils retrieval. The method we are presenting is relatively easy to use, can be applied for most paintings and have a low impact on binders for their determination.
The Clinical Frailty Scale As Useful Tool In Patients With Brain Metastases
Authors: Kerschbaumer Johannes , Krigers Aleksandrs , Demetz Matthias , Pinggera Daniel , Klingenschmid Julia , Pichler Nadine , Thomé Claudius , Freyschlag Christian F. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) evaluates patients’ level of frailty on a scale from 1 to 9 and is commonly used in geriatric medicine, intensive care and orthopedics. The aim of our study was to reveal whether the CFS allows a reliable prediction of overall survival (OS) in patients after surgical treatment of brain metastases (BM) compared to the Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS).Methods: Patients operated for BM were included. CFS and KPS were retrospectively assessed pre- and postoperatively and at follow-up 3-6 months after resection.Results: 205 patients with a follow-up of 22.8 months (CI95%, 18.4-27.1) were evaluated. CFS showed a median of 3 (“managing well”; IqR 2-4) at all 3 assessment-points. Median KPS was 80 preoperatively (IqR 80-90) and 90 postoperatively (IqR 80-100) as well as at follow-up after 3-6 months. CFS correlated with KPS both preoperatively (r=-0.92; p<0.001), postoperatively (r=-0.85; p<0.001) and at follow-up (r= -0.93; p<0.001). The CFS predicted the expected reduction of OS more reliably than the KPS at all 3 assessments. A one-point increase (worsening) of the preoperative CFS translated into a 30% additional hazard to decease (HR=1.30, CI95% 1.15-1.46; p<0.001). A one-point increase in postoperative and at follow-up CFS represents a 39% (HR=1.39, CI95% 1.25-1.54; p<0.001) and of 42% risk (HR= 1.42, CI95% 1.27-1.59; p<0.001).Conclusion: The CFS is a feasible, simple and reliable scoring system in patients undergoing resection of brain metastasis. The CFS 3-6 months after surgery specifies the expected OS more accurately than the KPS.
Health-related Quality of life of non-obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome treated with D-Chiro-Inositol: The case series study
Authors: Turnic Tamara Nikolic , Simic Dusan , Reshetnikov Vladimir , Mikerova Maria , Ekkert Natalia , Jakovljevic Biljana , Bolevich Stefani , Vesic Zoran , Bicanin-Ilic Marija , Dimitrijevic Aleksandra , Djuric Dusan , Jakovljevic Vladimir 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Myo- or D-chiro-inositol (DCI) therapy can be used in PCOS as monotherapy or as a combination with other treatment modalities. Interestingly, since the treatment with DCI or similar could be effective in unknown level, often usage of inositol could be connected with psychological consequences, especially regarding the quality of life. We hypothesized that quality of life is changed in women with PCOS, and the DCI treatment could affect some aspects of life, even as a placebo. The main aim of this qualitative research designed as case series was to explore health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) among non-obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) before and after DCI treatment Results: In our study, item’s score related to menstrual problems and emotions differed the most, so we can observe that the use of DCI had the greatest impact on the intensity of menstrual problems. Also, the feelings related to changes in body weight of the participants also differed after a three-month period, which does not have to be a consequence of the applied supplementation, because we know that there was no change in body weight. Namely, a statistically significant difference was observed in the occurrence of menstrual problems before and after three months of treatment with DCI, while there were no changes in other domains of HRQoL. Interestingly, supplementation led to the alleviation of menstrual problems in most subjects which could not be a placebo effect of DCI. Conclusion: Overall, PCOS has a negative impact on the HRQoL of women in reproductive period. Weight, hirsutism, infertility and menstrual problems appeared to be most affected rather than areas of physical functioning. Definitely, all HRQoL measurements taken before DCI treatment were worse in comparison with the status after treatment in the same group of women with PCOS.
Correlation of Tumor-Infiltrating Neutrophils and Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes with Early Recurrence in Patients with Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma (Short-Term Prospective Cohort Study)
Authors: Shalaby Essam , Salem Omar , Nashar Ahmed El , El-Tobgy Ahmed 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Tumor-infiltrating neutrophils (TINs) and lymphocytes (TILs) play essential roles in promoting or combating various neoplasms, the prognostic value of TILs, TINs and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in bladder cancer (BC) is still unconcluded.
Aim
To investigate the association between TINs and CD8 + T-lymphocytes, as well as NLR with progressive non-muscle invasive urothelial bladder carcinoma (NMIBC).
Methods
Patients with newly diagnosed NMIBC underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) followed by a standard BCG regimen, follow-up cystoscopy was performed every 3-months for the first 2-years. Tumor characteristics and histopathological examination were documented. As regards immunohistochemical evaluation, the tumors categorized into two main groups: high or low, according to their TINs, and CD8 + T-lymphocytes immunohistochemically expression and NLR. Kaplan-Meier estimates were used to compare the recurrence-free survival.
Results
104 patients with NMIBC were included; Ta and T1 represented 23.1% and 76.9% of patients respectively. High-grade (HG) and low-grade (LG) were 53.8% and 46.2%, respectively. Tumor recurrence and progression were correlated to a higher stage and grade (p = 0.05). Regardless stage and grade; recurrence was more likely to occur in high TINs and TILs groups, while progression was more likely in high TILs and NLR (p < 0.05). In Ta LG tumours, the higher TINs and NLR were associated with higher recurrence rate. In T1 (LG) tumour; low TINs, high TILs, and low NLR were associated lower recurrence and progression rate, In T1 HG tumours; high TINs and NLR were associated clinical and statistically lower recurrence rate. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that TINs and TILs were significantly related to the short recurrence free survival (RFS) (p = 0.03, p = 0.001).
Conclusion
TINs, CD8 + lymphocytes and NLR are important prognostic predictors in patients with NMIBC. Recurrence was more likely to occur in the high TINs and TILs groups, while higher TILs and NLR were correlated to tumour progression.