bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Further Evidence of Modified Spin-down in Sun-like Stars: Pileups in the Temperature–Period Distribution
Authors: David Trevor J. , Angus Ruth , Curtis Jason L. , van Saders Jennifer L. , Colman Isabel L. , Contardo Gabriella , Lu Yuxi , Zinn Joel C. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We combine stellar surface rotation periods determined from NASA’s Kepler mission with spectroscopic temperatures to demonstrate the existence of pileups at the long-period and short-period edges of the temperature–period distribution for main-sequence stars with temperatures exceeding ∼5500 K. The long-period pileup is well described by a curve of constant Rossby number, with a critical value of Rocrit ≲ Ro⊙. The long-period pileup was predicted by van Saders et al. as a consequence of weakened magnetic braking, in which wind-driven angular momentum losses cease once stars reach a critical Rossby number. Stars in the long-period pileup are found to have a wide range of ages (∼2–6 Gyr), meaning that, along the pileup, rotation period is strongly predictive of a star’s surface temperature but weakly predictive of its age. The short-period pileup, which is also well described by a curve of constant Rossby number, is not a prediction of the weakened magnetic braking hypothesis but may instead be related to a phase of slowed surface spin-down due to core-envelope coupling. The same mechanism was proposed by Curtis et al. to explain the overlapping rotation sequences of low-mass members of differently aged open clusters. The relative dearth of stars with intermediate rotation periods between the short- and long-period pileups is also well described by a curve of constant Rossby number, which aligns with the period gap initially discovered by McQuillan et al. in M-type stars. These observations provide further support for the hypothesis that the period gap is due to stellar astrophysics, rather than a nonuniform star formation history in the Kepler field.
Possibility to Identify the Contributions from Collapsars, Supernovae, and Neutron Star Mergers from the Evolution of the r-process Mass Abundance Distribution
Authors: Yamazaki Yuta , He Zhenyu , Kajino Toshitaka , Mathews Grant J. , Famiano Michael A. , Tang Xiaodong , Shi Jianrong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We study the evolution of rapid neutron-capture process (r-process) isotopes in the galaxy. We analyze relative contributions from core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe), neutron star mergers, and collapsars under a range of astrophysical conditions and nuclear input data. Here we show that, although the r-process in each of these sites can lead to a similar (universal) elemental distribution, the detailed isotopic abundances can differ from one site to another. These differences may allow for the identification of which sources contributed to the early evolution of r-process material in the galaxy. Our simulations suggest that the early evolution was dominated by CCSNe and collapsar r-process nucleosynthesis. This conclusion may be testable if the next generation of observatories can deduce isotopic r-process abundances.
Gamma-Ray Diagnostics of r-process Nucleosynthesis in the Remnants of Galactic Binary Neutron-star Mergers
Authors: Terada Yukikatsu , Miwa Yuya , Ohsumi Hayato , Fujimoto Shin-ichiro , Katsuda Satoru , Bamba Aya , Yamazaki Ryo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We perform a full nuclear-network numerical calculation of the r-process nuclei in binary neutron-star mergers (NSMs), with the aim of estimating gamma-ray emissions from the remnants of Galactic NSMs up to 106 yr old. The nucleosynthesis calculation of 4070 nuclei is adopted to provide the elemental composition ratios of nuclei with an electron fraction Y
e between 0.10 and 0.45. The decay processes of 3237 unstable nuclei are simulated to extract the gamma-ray spectra. As a result, the NSMs have different spectral colors in the gamma-ray band from various other astronomical objects at less than 105 yr old. In addition, we propose a new line diagnostic method for Y
e that uses the line ratios of either 137mBa/85K or 243Am/60mCo, which become larger than unity for young and old r-process sites, respectively, with a low-Y
e environment. From an estimation of the distance limit for gamma-ray observations as a function of age, the high sensitivity in the sub-megaelectronvolt band, at approximately 10−9 photons s−1 cm−2 or 10−15 erg s−1 cm−2, is required to cover all the NSM remnants in our Galaxy, if we assume that the population of NSMs by Wu et al. A gamma-ray survey with sensitivities of 10−8–10−7 photons s−1 cm−2 or 10−14–10−13 erg s−1 cm−2 in the 70–4000 keV band is expected to find emissions from at least one NSM remnant under the assumption of an NSM rate of 30 Myr−1. The feasibility of gamma-ray missions observing Galactic NSMs is also studied.
Phase Shifts Measured in Evanescent Acoustic Waves above the Solar Photosphere and Their Possible Impacts on Local Helioseismology
Authors: Zhao Junwei , Rajaguru S. P. , Chen Ruizhu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A set of 464 minutes of high-resolution high-cadence observations were acquired for a region near the Sun’s disk center using the Interferometric BI-dimensional Spectrometer installed at the Dunn Solar Telescope. Ten sets of Dopplergrams are derived from the bisector of the spectral line corresponding approximately to different atmospheric heights, and two sets of Dopplergrams are derived using an MDI-like algorithm and center-of-gravity method. These data are then filtered to keep only acoustic modes, and phase shifts are calculated between Doppler velocities of different atmospheric heights as a function of acoustic frequency. The analysis of the frequency- and height-dependent phase shifts shows that, for evanescent acoustic waves, oscillations in the higher atmosphere lead those in the lower atmosphere by an order of 1 s when their frequencies are below about 3.0 mHz, and lags behind by about 1 s when their frequencies are above 3.0 mHz. Nonnegligible phase shifts are also found in areas with systematic upward or downward flows. All these frequency-dependent phase shifts cannot be explained by vertical flows or convective blueshifts, but are likely due to complicated hydrodynamics and radiative transfer in the nonadiabatic atmosphere in and above the photosphere. These phase shifts in the evanescent waves pose great challenges to the interpretation of some local helioseismic measurements that involve data acquired at different atmospheric heights or in regions with systematic vertical flows. More quantitative characterization of these phase shifts is needed so that they can either be removed during measuring processes or be accounted for in helioseismic inversions.
Propagating Alfvénic Waves Observed in the Chromosphere around a Small Sunspot: Tales of 3-minute Waves and 10-minute Waves
Authors: Chae Jongchul , Cho Kyuhyoun , Lim Eun-Kyung , Kang Juhyung 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Recent observations provided evidence that the solar chromosphere of sunspot regions is pervaded by Alfvénic waves—transverse magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves (Alfvén waves or kink waves). In order to systematically investigate the physical characteristics of Alfvénic waves over a wide range of periods, we analyzed the time series of line-of-sight velocity maps constructed from the Hα spectral data of a small sunspot region taken by the Fast Imaging Solar Spectrograph of the Goode Solar Telescope at Big Bear. We identified each Alfvénic wave packet by examining the cross-correlation of band-filtered velocity between two points that are located a little apart presumably on the same magnetic field line. As result, we detected a total of 279 wave packets in the superpenumbral region around the sunspot and obtained their statistics of period, velocity amplitude, and propagation speed. An important finding of ours is that the detected Alfvénic waves are clearly separated into two groups: 3-minute period (<7 minutes) waves and 10-minute period (>7 minutes) waves. We propose two tales on the origin of Alfvénic waves in the chromosphere; the 3-minute Alfvénic waves are excited by the upward-propagating slow waves in the chromosphere through the slow-to-Alfvénic mode conversion, and the 10-minute Alfvénic waves represent the chromospheric manifestation of the kink waves driven by convective motions in the photosphere.
Observations of Whistler-mode Waves and Large-amplitude Electrostatic Waves Associated with a Dipolarization Front in the Bursty Bulk Flow
Authors: Zhang He , Zhong Zhihong , Tang Rongxin , Liu Chengming , Deng Xiaohua , Zhou Meng , Wang Dedong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Plasma jets and jet fronts are common phenomena in planetary magnetospheres. They are usually associated with many plasma waves and can play a key role in the energy conversion, the excitation of wave emissions, particle acceleration, and the evolution of many astrophysical phenomena, which are major issues in the study of helio-terrestrial space physics. In this paper, we carefully investigated the properties of the whistler-mode wave and large-amplitude electrostatic wave in a plasma jet (bursty bulk flow (BBF)) using the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission data on the Earth's magnetosphere. At the leading part of the BBF, intense whistler-mode waves were observed inside the ion mirror-mode structures, which should be excited by the perpendicular temperature anisotropy of trapping electrons. A small-scale dipolarization front (DF) was then observed at the center of this BBF as a boundary between the leading and trailing parts of the BBF. Behind the DF, both an ion mirror-mode structure and whistler-mode waves disappear, while a large-amplitude electrostatic wave was detected and was associated with the cold ions at the trailing part of the BBF. The electrostatic wave is supposed to be generated by ion beam instability. These results will significantly improve the understanding of the kinetic process associated with the important boundary layer DF within plasma jets. The corresponding wave–particle interaction in space and the plasma environment can be further understood.
Polarization in Early Optical Afterglows of Gamma-Ray Bursts Driven by Precessing Jets
Authors: Huang Bao-Quan , Liu Tong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Jet precessions are widely involved in astrophysical phenomena from galaxies to X-ray binaries and gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Polarization presents a unique probe of the magnetic fields in GRB jets. The precession of GRB relativistic jets will change the geometry within the observable emitting region of the jet, which can potentially affect the polarization of the afterglow. In this paper, we take into account jet precession to study the polarization evolution and corresponding light curves in GRB early optical afterglows with ordered and random magnetic field geometries. We find that the jet precession in long-lived engines can significantly reduce the polarization degree (PD) regardless of the magnetic field structure. The strongest PD attenuation is found when the line of sight is aligned with the precession axis. Our results show that jet precession can provide new insight into the low PD measured in the early optical afterglows of GRBs.
iPTF14hls in the Circumstellar Medium Interaction Model: A Promising Candidate for a Pulsational Pair-instability Supernova
Authors: Wang Ling-Jun , Liu Liang-Duan , Lin Wei-Li , Wang Xiao-Feng , Dai Zi-Gao , Li Bing , Song Li-Ming 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
iPTF14hls is a luminous Type II supernova (SN) with a bumpy light curve whose origin remains under debate. It maintains a roughly constant effective temperature and luminosity for about 600 days after discovery, followed by a slow decay. About ∼1000 days after discovery, the light curve transitions to a very steep decline. A spectrum taken during this steep-decline phase shows clear signatures of a shock interaction with a dense circumstellar medium (CSM). Here, we explore the possibility of iPTF14hls as an interaction-powered SN. The light curve of iPTF14hls can be fitted with wind-like CSMs. Analytic modeling indicates that iPTF14hls may have undertaken six episodes of mass loss during the last ∼200 yr. Assuming that the 1954 eruption triggered the last mass-loss episode, the stellar wind velocity is determined to be 40−70 km s−1, depending on different models. Mass-loss rates are in the range 0.4–3.3M
⊙ yr−1. The inferred total mass of the ejecta and CSMs (M
ej + M
CSMs ≃ 245M
⊙) supports the idea that iPTF14hls may be a candidate for a (pulsational) pair-instability SN. Discoveries and observations of similar stellar explosions will help us to understand these peculiar SNe.
MONOMORPHIC EPITHELIOTROPIC INTESTINAL T-LYMPHOMA – CASE REPORT
Authors: Stojanoski Zlate , Saliu Valon , Petrushevska Gordana , Spirov Goran , Karanfilska Aleksandra , Ivanovski Martin , Karanfilski Oliver , Panovska-Stavridis Irina 
Published: July 2022

Background: Monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T cell lymphoma (MEITL) (formerly termed enteropathy-associated T cell lymphoma, type II) is an extremely rare peripheral T-cell lymphoma that involves the malignant proliferation of a T- lymphocyte in the gastrointestinal tract. Over time, these T cells commonly spread throughout the mucosal lining of a portion of the GI tract (particularly the jejunum and ileum of the small intestine), lead to GI tract nodules and ulcerations, and cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, weight loss, diarrhea, obstruction, bleeding, and/or perforation. Its clinical, morphologic, and immunophenotypic features distinguishing it from the more common Enteropathy Associated T-Lymphoma (previously EATL type I) made it a separate entity.
Case report: We present a case of a rare extremely aggressive T cell lymphoma that originates from the gastrointestinal tract, spreads to surrounding organs and is refractory to surgery and chemotherapy. We describe а case report of 79 years old patient with clinical features of acute abdomen, ileus, treated with surgery two times. During the first surgery partial resection of jejunum was performed. Pathohistology and immunоhistochemistry findings of MEITL. PET/CT scan revealed infiltration of intestinum, uterus, ovarium. During the second operation partial resection of ileum and hysterectomy with adnexectomy was performed. The patient is treated with antracycline-based regimen CHOP21 (4 cycles). Re-evaluation with second PET/CT scan revealed residual tumor on the intestinum and bladder. The patient deteriorate with acute renal failure and multi-organ failure. Despite aggressive treatment with extensive surgery and aggressive anthracycline-based chemotherapy, in a short time the tumor spread to surrounding organs (sigma, bladder). The patient survived 11 months from the initial definitive diagnosis.
Conclusion: MEITL is a challenging primary intestinal T cell lymphoma to treat as the outcome is frequently poor despite surgery and chemotherapy. Most patients are elderly with co-morbidities and they usually present late rendering any therapy ineffective. Young age, early Ann-Arbor/Lugano disease stage, good performance scale status, patients receiving autologous stem cell transplantation and less bulky disease are associated with an improved survival outcome. Further research is needed to incorporate new therapeutic modalities based on molecular research for successful treatment of this aggressive lymphoma.
Valuation of health benefits of green-blue areas for the purpose of ecosystem accounting: a pilot in Flanders, Belgium
Authors: De Nocker Leo , Liekens Inge , Beckx Carolien , Broekx Steven 
Published: July 2022

In recent years, a vast amount of scientific literature has highlighted the benefits of nearby greenspace for physical and mental health, but the large variation in scope, methods and indicators used in these studies hampers the assessment of these benefits in the context of natural capital accounting. To our knowledge, this paper is one of the first studies to quantify and value these benefits in the context of natural capital accounting. A method was developed and applied to the Flemish region in Belgium for 2013 and 2016.
The physical supply and use accounts for health are based on a set of selected dose-effect relations that quantify the impact of the availability of greenspace on 7 specific indicators for physical and mental health, including mortality, cardio-vascular diseases, diabetes and depression. The indicator for green-blue areas is the % of green-blue areas in total land use, calculated for 0.5, 1 and 3 km radius from the residence, based on detailed land-use maps (10m x 10m) for Flanders, Belgium. The base-line data for mortality and illness are average data for the Flemish region. These health impacts are weighted using Daly's (disability-adjusted life years) and aggregated. The total health benefits due to the availability of green-blue areas for the total Flemish population was estimated almost 85.000 DALY’s. This is 27% of the estimated total burden of disease in 2016 for the 7 selected diseases.
The monetary accounts include assessments of avoided costs of illness (e.g. hospitalisation costs) and avoided absenteeism and productivity loss. In addition, we valued the years of life lost due to cardio vascular mortality based on simulated exchange values. The total monetary benefits amount to 464 Euro per inhabitant per year or 3 billion Euro per year for Flanders. This corresponds to 1.3% of the GDP, which reflects the importance of these benefits. Productivity gains and avoided costs of illness account for respectively 52 % and 36% of these costs.
The methodology is incomplete as not all health indicators are covered, mainly due to a lack of dose-effect relations. The research priority for potential users of the accounts is a better indicator for contact with greenspace that does differentiate between ecosystems, their quality, accessibility or their use. This requires more systematic health impact studies that take these elements into account, as well as more systematic data on the daily use of greenspace by citizens. In the meantime, an additional set of condition accounts on these elements can be used, especially to follow changes in quality and use of green blue areas over time.
A taxonomic treatment of Drypetes calvescens and a new endangered species from the western Congolian swamp forest, D. palustris sp. nov. (Putranjivaceae)
Authors: Quintanar Alejandro , Barberá Patricia , Harris David J. 
Published: July 2022

We publish in this article a new species of tree of Drypetes (Putranjivaceae) from the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Republic of the Congo, D. palustris, which occurs in the Western Congolian Swamp Forests ecoregion. It is known from eight gatherings and we compare it with the species with the most similar morphology, D. calvescens, of which we have studied 51 gatherings collected in Central Africa. A taxonomic treatment of both species, including their detailed descriptions, typification of their names, a comparative table summarizing their main morphological differences, an illustration and information about their habitat and distribution are provided. A provisional IUCN Red List assessment shows that D. palustris is Endangered and D. calvescens is of Least Concern.
A detailed review of herbal formulations marketed and available in India for the treatement and management of gastric acidity
Authors: Bandi Venkata Jagadeswara Reddy , Sanampudi Narasamma , Velamuri Sai Kumar Reddy , Maddi Ramaiah 
Published: July 2022

All of us have suffered from acidity at some point or other. Severe pain in the stomach, burning, bloating, hiccupping, flatulence, and acid reflux is the common symptoms. While our immediate and natural response is to reach for that antacid when suffering from acidity, it will not give you long-term relief. Instead, we suggest, opt for these Herbal treasures to cure and control acidity and boost your overall stomach health. We give you the most effective remedies for acidity, heartburn, and indigestion. The present article is an overall review of herbal formulations used in all different fields like Ayurvedha, Sidha, and the Unani system of medicine to educate people about the benefits of herbal formulations and their uses. Gastric acidity is a common clinical problem, affecting millions of people worldwide. patients are recognized by both classic and atypical symptoms. Here, we discuss a detailed review of herbal medicines marketed & available in India for the management of gastric acidity. You get detailed information about tablets, capsules & syrups for acidity and their combinations.
El acceso al agua como derecho humano inalienable de los seres humanos
Authors: Medina Peña Rolando , Vivanco Vargas Germania , Guerra Aguayo Gustavo Alfredo , Torres Gómez de Cádiz Hernández Alejandro 
Published: July 2022

La preocupación internacional por el acceso al agua y las diversas posturas sobre su acceso como derecho humano, se convierte cada día en el centro de importantes debates científicos. Con la finalidad de aportar en este orden, realizamos un estudio epistémico y jurídico del agua como derecho. Para ello, utilizamos métodos como el analítico, para el estudio ordenado y razonado del contenido del derecho humano sobre el acceso al agua, desde las diferentes legislaciones referidas a este derecho; fenomenológico, con la finalidad de conocer de manera objetiva su naturaleza y esencia como bien público a proteger y el hermenéutico, para estudiar este derecho a la luz de las interpretaciones de la doctrina y la jurisprudencia.
Tafamidis Meglumine (Vyndaqel)
Authors: CADTH  
Published: July 2022

CADTH recommends that Vyndaqel should be reimbursed by public drug plans for the treatment of transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis (ATTR) if certain conditions are met.
Vyndaqel should only be covered to treat adult patients who have a documented diagnosis of cardiomyopathy caused by ATTR. The type of ATTR cardiomyopathy could be either hereditary (inherited) or wild type (patients without a family history of the disease). Patients who are eligible for Vyndaqel coverage must also have a New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification of I to III and a history of heart failure. Patients who have received a heart transplant or a cardiac mechanical assist device (CMAD) or who are taking other disease-modifying treatments for ATTR are not eligible for reimbursement of Vyndaqel.
Vyndaqel should only be reimbursed for patients with ATTR if they are being cared for by a specialist for the condition and if the price of Vyndaqel is reduced.