bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Why Vaccinate Against COVID-19? A Population-Based Survey in Switzerland
Authors: Fadda Marta , Camerini Anne Linda , Fiordelli Maddalena , Corna Laurie , Levati Sara , Amati Rebecca , Piumatti Giovanni , Crivelli Luca , Suggs L. Suzanne , Albanese Emiliano 
Published: March 2022

Objectives: This study examined factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination intention at the very beginning of the vaccination campaign in a representative sample of the population in southern Switzerland.Methods: In March 2021, we measured vaccination intention, beliefs, attitudes, and trust in a sample of the Corona Immunitas Ticino study.Results: Of the 2681 participants, 1933 completed the questionnaire (response rate = 72%; 55% female; meanage = 41, SD = 24, rangeage = 5–91). Overall, 68% reported an intention to get vaccinated. Vaccination intention was higher in social/healthcare workers, and increased with age, trust in public health institutions, and confidence in the vaccine efficacy. Prior infection of a family member, predilection for waiting for more evidence on the safety and efficacy of the vaccine, and for alternative protective means were negatively associated with intention.Conclusion: In view of needs of COVID-19 vaccine boosters and of suboptimal vaccination coverage, our results have relevant public health implications and suggest that communication about vaccine safety and efficacy, and aims of vaccination programs, should be bi-directional, proportionate, and tailored to the concerns, expectations, and beliefs of different population subgroups.
Leaching of Copper Contained in Waste Printed Circuit Boards, Using the Thiosulfate—Oxygen System: A Kinetic Approach
Authors: Salinas-Rodríguez Eleazar , Hernández-Ávila Juan , Cerecedo-Sáenz Eduardo , Arenas-Flores Alberto , Veloz-Rodríguez Maria A. , Toro Norman , Gutiérrez-Amador Maria del P. , Acevedo-Sandoval Otilio A. 
Published: March 2022

The present work is related to the treatment of crushed waste of printed circuit boards (WPCBs) from electrical and electronic devices (WEEE), carrying out the recovery of copper in solution. In the first stage, the studied material was characterized by AAS, SEM-EDS, and XRD. The results revealed significantly high amounts of copper (744.42 mg/g), compared with the rest of the metals present in the sample, mainly iron and zinc. In the second stage of the work, alkali dynamic leaching experiments were carried out in the S2O3−2− O2 medium, evaluating important kinetic variables in order to verify the controlling step of the system and adjust the data to a kinetic model. According to the results obtained from the various experimental tests executed, it was found that in the studied system of S2O3−2− O2, the leaching of copper was preferably adjusted to the model of spherical particles with a shrinking core finding a mixed chemical–diffusive control, with values of Ea = 25.78 kJ/mol and n = 0.22 (for the leaching reagent), indicating that the reaction was controlled by the oxygen transport to the solid–liquid interface and also by the chemical reaction in the surface of particles, obtaining up to 99.82% copper in solution.
Migration Barrier Estimation of Carbon in Lead for Lead–Acid Battery Applications: A Density Functional Theory Approach
Authors: Yanamandra Kaushik , Behera Rakesh K. , Daoud Atef , Gupta Nikhil 
Published: March 2022

Recent efforts towards developing novel lead electrodes involving carbon and lead composites have shown potential for increasing the cycle life of lead–acid (LA) batteries used to store energy in various applications. In this study, first-principles calculations are used to examine the structural stability, defect formation energy, and migration barrier of C in Pb for LA batteries. Density functional theory with the GGA-PBE functional performed the best out of various functionals used for structural stability calculations. Furthermore, with the complete incorporation of C in the Pb matrix, the results show that C is energetically preferred to be at the octahedral interstitial (CiOcta) site in the FCC structure of Pb. Additionally, climbing-image nudged elastic band calculations show a minimum energy pathway for C diffusing from a stable octahedral site to the adjacent octahedral site assisted by a tetrahedral intermediate site. Therefore, the minimum energy pathway for C migration is envisioned to be CiOcta→ CiTetra→CiOcta, where the total energy barrier is observed to be ~90% and more than 100% lower than the CiTetra→CiTetra and CiOcta→CiOcta barriers, respectively.
History of Research on Phospholipid Metabolism and Applications to the Detection, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Cancer
Authors: Cohen Jack S. , Daly Peter F. 
Published: March 2022

In the past 30 years there has been a significant increase in the number of publications on phospholipid (PL) metabolism, both for the medical purposes of detection and diagnosis of cancer and for the monitoring of the treatment of human cancers. Most of the work has focused on the pathway that produces phosphatidylcholine, the major component of human cell membranes. The trigger for this research was the advent of applications of NMR spectroscopy in vitro and in vivo in the 1980’s and observations that most cancer cells and tumors had significant increases in the water-soluble PL precursors and breakdown products. Increased phosphocholine (PC) has been focused on as a marker for cancer using Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET). MRS is now used clinically to aid in the diagnosis and severity of some brain tumors; and choline PET is used for the diagnosis and staging of recurrent prostate cancer, paid for by medical insurance companies. Another major area of research starting in the 1990’s was the development of specific choline kinase (CK) inhibitors aimed at the isoenzyme CK-a. This isoenzyme is markedly upregulated in cancer cells and unexpectedly was found to have a role in oncogenic transformation independent of its enzyme function.
To Print or Not to Print?
Authors: Lo Nostro Pierandrea 
Published: March 2022

An interesting paper recently published in Peer J. by Enrique Teran and coworkers casts light on a peculiar side effect of the Covid-19 pandemic that concerns the quality of articles that appeared as preprints in archives or as regular papers in peer-reviewed scholarly journals.
The authors report a detailed perusal of the scientific publications related to research on Covid-19 in a portion of the year 2020.
What emerges from the study is that over the total number of preprints uploaded in the archives' servers, that are not subjected to a formal peer-review process, only about 5.7% were later converted into regular articles and published in scholarly journals after a regular peer-review process. The statistics is based on a global sample of 5,061 preprints uploaded in three different archives.
Influence of the Load on the Modulus of Elasticity of the Asphalt Granulate Layer During the Restoration Surface of the Road Construction Pavement
Authors: Зубков А. Ф. , Зарапина Л. С. , Андрианов К. А. 
Published: March 2022

Постановка задачи. Исследовать влияние размера фракций, толщины слоя при уплотнении и процентного содержания битумной эмульсии асфальтогранулята, полученного при разрушении старого дорожного покрытия нежесткого типа методом холодного фрезерования, на модуль упругости дорожной одежды. Результаты. Экспериментально доказано, что с учетом размера фракций введение битумной эмульсии в состав смеси из асфальтогранулята по-разному влияет на прочностные характеристики асфальтогранулобетонной смеси. Наибольший эффект при введении эмульсии в асфальтогранулят достигается при 2 %. Для смеси фракции 5-20 мм повышение битумной эмульсии от 2 до 4 % существенного влияния на прочностные характеристики не оказывает. Для асфальтогранулобетонной смеси с фракциями 20-40 мм при увеличении содержания эмульсии выше 2 % происходит понижение прочностных характеристик слоя дорожной одежды, что объясняется структурой уплотняемого слоя. Выводы. Представлены зависимости для определения модуля упругости слоя из асфальтогранулята с учетом его толщины, размера частиц и процентного содержания битумной эмульсии в смеси.
Statement of the problem. The objective of the study is to Investigate the effect of the size of fractions, layer thickness during compaction and the percentage of bitumen emulsion of asphalt granulate obtained during the destruction of an old non-rigid pavement by cold milling on the elastic modulus of the pavement. Results. It has been experimentally proven that taking into account the size of the fractions, the introduction of a bitumen emulsion into the mixture of asphalt granulate has a different effect on the strength characteristics of the asphalt granular concrete mixture. The greatest effect when the emulsion is introduced into asphalt granulate is achieved at 2 %. For a mixture of a fraction of 5-20 mm, an increase in the bitumen emulsion from 2 to 4 % has no significant effect on the strength characteristics. For an asphalt-granular concrete mixture with fractions of 20-40 mm, with an increase in the emulsion content above 2 %, there is a decrease in the strength characteristics of the pavement layer occurs, which is explained by the structure of the compacted layer. Conclusions. Dependences for determining the modulus of elasticity of an asphalt granulate layer are presented taking into account its thickness, particle size and the percentage of bitumen emulsion in the mixture.
Pengaruh Jenis Material Cutter Slot Drill Terhadap Hasil Regrinding dan Tool Life
Authors: AGUNG DWI SAPTO  , Yogo Utomo Kurnia 
Published: March 2022

Kerusakan cutting tools pada mesin CNC merupakan permasalahan umum yang sering dijumpai di bidang industri permesinan. Umur cutting tools yang lama tentunya dapat menghemat pengeluaran dari perusahaan karena meminimalisir pembelian cutting tools baru karena kerusakan, untuk itu dilakukan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Membantu Memperkirakan umur cutting tools pada cutter Slot Drill short jenis carbide dan HSS dan mendapatkan gambaran seberapa lama cutter tersebut dapat digunakan dan mengetahui pengaruh proses regrinding pada cutting tools. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan metode kuantitatif dimana penelitian difokuskan penggunaan data hasil analisa software komputer cutting and data service dan juga hasil perhitungan secara manual yang disajikan dalam bentuk tabel dan grafik. Hasil penelitian didapatkan cutter carbide memiliki umur yang lebih lama yaitu 706 menit dibanding dengan cutter HSS 162 menit untuk mencapai tingkat keusan yaitu -0,1 mm dan proses regrinding menyebabkan penuruan kecepatan makan, kecepatan potong dan peforma pada cutter.
An Evaluation into the Factors Influencing Project Harmony Potential in Construction Projects in Kenya
Authors: Mbatha Samuel Kiilu , Alkizim Ahmad Omar , Mbiti Titus Kivaa 
Published: March 2022

Construction projects are widely fraught with conflicts probably as a result of their unpredictability, intricacy, and heterogeneity of players. The management of these conflicts remains ineffective. Empirical evidence from a review of literature has unveiled conflicts to have a detrimental impact on construction projects' performance level, posing a significant barrier to project implementation success, frequently resulting in an increase in project costs, delays in completion, or, in the worst-case scenario, suspension of the project. This study used the measure of the existence or absence of conflicts in under-construction building projects to define the Project harmony aptitude level. This study sought to evaluate into the factors influencing Project Harmony Potential in Construction Projects in Kenya, using a cross-sectional research approach. The cluster technique was used to sample 128 construction building projects registered with NCA in Nairobi within a five-year timespan, which had the embedded unit of analysis under this study. Project developers and financiers, and consultants operating in consultancy or construction firms were randomly sampled and administered with questionnaires. The study utilized inferential statistical analysis of Pearson’s bivariate correlation and regression analysis to identify the significant factors influencing project harmony. The analysis revealed a positive and statistically significant linear relationship between project harmony potential and delay management, partnering orientation of the project team, promptness of Monitoring and Evaluation, direct conflict management provisions in the Project Handbook (PMBOK), the technical experience of the Construction Project Manager (CPM), and communication plan. These parameters were deemed crucial in determining the project harmony potential for Kenyan building projects. These indicators were used to develop a model, which contributed to 69.2% of the project harmony potential. The established model may be used to estimate a project's potential for harmony throughout its execution.
Analisis Kesulitan Belajar Matematika Pada Anak Tunarungu
Authors: Nurhanifah Rr Lutfiani , Utami Wikan Budi , Isnani  
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor penyebab kesulitan belajar matematika pada siswa tunarungu dan upaya untuk mengatasi kesulitan belajar matematika yang dialami siswa tunarungu pada soal cerita materi operasi hitung campuran kelas VIII di SLB Negeri Slawi. Metode: Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif, pendekatan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa tunarungu kelas VIII SLB Negeri Slawi Tahun pelajaran 2019/2020. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan dokumentasi, tes dan wawancara. Temuan: Hasil penelitian menyebutkan (1) Bentuk kesulitan belajar matematika siswa tunarungu pada soal cerita materi operasi hitung campuran yaitu siswa tunarungu sulit dalam mengubah soal cerita ke dalam bentuk matematika. (2) faktor penyebab kesulitan belajar matematika siswa tunarungu pada soal cerita materi operasi hitung campuran yaitu faktor internal siswa tunarungu sulit dalam memahami soal cerita dan kesalahan mengubah tanda operasi hitung. Faktor eksternal seperti guru tidak rutin memberikan latihan soal cerita dan tidak adanya media atau alat peraga matematika. (3) upaya mengatasi kesulitan belajar matematika yaitu guru harus rutin memberikan latihan soal cerita terutama menambahkan kosakata baru pada siswa tunarungu, penggunaan alat peraga matematika, dan memberikan motivasi serta nasihat.
RELASI AGAMA ISLAM DENGAN AGAMA LAIN
Authors: Zuhdi Muhammad 
Published: March 2022

Abstrak

Kerukunan Umat Beragama adalah salah satu bentuk sosialisasi yang damai dan tercipta berkat adanya toleransi agama. Sebab toleransi agama merupakan salah satu sikap saling pengertian dan menghargai, tanpa adanya diskriminasi dalam hal apapun, khususnya dalam masalah agama.
Agama Islam adalah suatu agama yang banyak dianut oleh sebagian besar masyarakat indonesi, sehingga prilaku masyarakat muslim selalu menjadi sorotan, apalagi yang sbersangkutan dengan toleransi, dari sinilah penulis mengangkat makalah yang berhubungan hal tersebut, karena hal ini selalu menjadi masalah.
Maka sangat dianggap perlu untuk menjelaskan apa itu toleransi dan apakah Islam itu agama yang toleransi atau sebaliknya.
Diagnosing Triggered Star Formation in the Galactic H ii region Sh 2-142
Authors: Sharma Tanvi , Chen Wen Ping , Panwar Neelam , Sun Yan , Gao Yu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Stars are formed by gravitational collapse, spontaneously or, in some cases under the constructive influence of nearby massive stars, out of molecular cloud cores. Here we present an observational diagnosis of such triggered formation processes in the prominent H ii region Sh 2-142, which is associated with the young star cluster NGC 7380, and with some bright-rimmed clouds as the signpost of photoionization of molecular cloud surfaces. Using near- (2MASS) and mid-infrared (WISE) colors, we identified candidate young stars at different evolutionary stages, including embedded infrared sources having spectral energy distributions indicative of active accretion. We have also used data from our optical observations to be used in SEDs, and from Gaia EDR3 to study the kinematics of young objects. With this young stellar sample, together with the latest CO line emission data (spectral resolution ∼0.16 km s−1, sensitivity ∼0.5 K), a positional and aging sequence relative to the neighboring cloud complex, and to the bright-rimmed clouds, is inferred. The propagating stellar birth may be responsible, at least partially, for the formation of the cluster a few million years ago, and for the ongoing activity now witnessed in the cloud complex.
Hot Extended Galaxy Halos around Local L* Galaxies from Sunyaev–Zeldovich Measurements
Authors: Bregman Joel N. , Hodges-Kluck Edmund , Qu Zhijie , Pratt Cameron , Li Jiang-Tao , Yun Yansong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Most of the baryons in L* galaxies are unaccounted for and are predicted to lie in hot gaseous halos (T ∼ 106.5 K) that may extend beyond R
200. A hot gaseous halo will produce a thermal Sunyaev–Zeldovich signal that is proportional to the product of the gas mass and the mass-weighted temperature. To best detect this signal, we used a Needlet Independent Linear Combination all-sky Planck map that we produced from the most recent Planck data release, also incorporating WMAP data. The sample is 12 L* spiral galaxies with distances of 3−10 Mpc, which are spatially resolved so that contamination from the optical galaxy can be excluded. One galaxy, NGC 891, has a particularly strong SZ signal, and when excluding it, the stack of 11 galaxies is detected at about 4σ (declining with radius) and is extended to at least 250 kpc (≈R
200) at >99% confidence. The gas mass within a spherical volume to a radius of 250 kpc is 9.8 ± 2.8 × 1010
M
⊙, for T
avg = 3 × 106 K. This is about 30% of the predicted baryon content of the average galaxy (3.1 × 1011
M
⊙), and about equal to the mass of stars, disk gas, and warm halo gas. The remaining missing baryons (≈1.4 × 1011
M
⊙, 40%–50% of the total baryon content) are likely to be hot and extend to the 400–500 kpc volume, if not beyond. The result is higher than predictions, but within the uncertainties.
Orientale Ejecta at the Apollo 14 Landing Site Implies a 200-million-year Stratigraphic Time Shift on the Moon
Authors: Werner Stephanie C. , Bultel Benjamin , Rolf Tobias , Assis Fernandes Vera 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Detailed spectral mapping, cratering statistics, and impact basin ejecta column estimates document a new and very different stratigraphic relationship for the Apollo 14 landing site. We observe a resurfacing event in the crater size–frequency distribution in agreement with a single blanketing layer. Using the crater size–frequency distribution, we determine two relative ages (cumulative crater frequencies) that match those observed for the Imbrium and Orientale basins, respectively. The pattern and strength of resurfacing and morphological distinction by spectral features suggest the top layer to be about 10–25 m thick. We propose that this top layer at the Apollo 14 landing site is Orientale basin ejecta above Imbrium basin ejecta. Such stratigraphy reattributes the (majority of) Apollo 14 samples to Orientale rather than to Imbrium basin and implies that Orientale basin is about 3.92 Gyr old, 200 million years older than previously suggested. The youngest lunar basin thus formed at the onset, rather than amid, of recorded mare volcanism. This time shift also changes constraints on early planetary and solar system processes, such as the intensity of impact bombardment, and pleads for revision of the crater-statistics-based surface ages of other planetary bodies.
Pharmacologically Enhanced Regulatory Hematopoietic Stem Cells Revert Experimental Autoimmune Diabetes and Mitigate Other Autoimmune Disorders
Authors: Ben Nasr Moufida , Robbins David , Parone Philippe , Usuelli Vera , Tacke Robert , Seelam Andy-Joe , Driver Emily , Le Thuy , Sabouri-Ghomi Mohsen , Guerrettaz Lisa , Shoemaker Daniel , Fiorina Paolo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterized by the loss of immune self-tolerance, resulting in an aberrant immune responses against self-tissue. A few therapeutics have been partially successful in reverting or slowing down T1D progression in patients, and the infusion of autologous hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is emerging as an option to be explored. In this study, we proposed to pharmacologically enhance by ex vivo modulation with small molecules the immunoregulatory and trafficking properties of HSCs to provide a safer and more efficacious treatment option for patients with T1D and other autoimmune disorders. A high-throughput targeted RNA sequencing screening strategy was used to identify a combination of small molecules (16,16-dimethyl PGE2 and dexamethasone), which significantly upregulate key genes involved in trafficking (e.g., CXCR4) and immunoregulation (e.g., programmed death ligand 1). The pharmacologically enhanced, ex vivo–modulated HSCs (regulatory HSCs [HSC.Regs]) have strong trafficking properties to sites of inflammation in a mouse model of T1D, reverted autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice, and delayed experimental multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis in preclinical models. Mechanistically, HSC.Regs reduced lymphocytic infiltration of pancreatic β cells and inhibited the activity of autoreactive T cells. Moreover, when tested in clinically relevant in vitro autoimmune assays, HSC.Regs abrogated the autoimmune response. Ex vivo pharmacological modulation enhances the immunoregulatory and trafficking properties of HSCs, thus generating HSC.Regs, which mitigated autoimmune diabetes and other autoimmune disorders.
Preclinical Analysis of Candidate Anti-Human CD79 Therapeutic Antibodies Using a Humanized CD79 Mouse Model
Authors: Wemlinger Scott M , Parker Harp Chelsea R , Yu Bo , Hardy Ian R , Seefeldt Matthew , Matsuda Jennifer , Mingueneau Michael , Spilker Kerri A , Cameron Thomas O , Larrick James W , Getahun Andrew , Cambier John C 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The BCR comprises a membrane-bound Ig that is noncovalently associated with a heterodimer of CD79A and CD79B. While the BCR Ig component functions to sense extracellular Ag, CD79 subunits contain cytoplasmic ITAMs that mediate intracellular propagation of BCR signals critical for B cell development, survival, and Ag-induced activation. CD79 is therefore an attractive target for Ab and chimeric Ag receptor T cell therapies for autoimmunity and B cell neoplasia. Although the mouse is an attractive model for preclinical testing, due to its well-defined immune system, an obstacle is the lack of cross-reactivity of candidate therapeutic anti-human mAbs with mouse CD79. To overcome this problem, we generated knockin mice in which the extracellular Ig-like domains of CD79A and CD79B were replaced with human equivalents. In this study, we describe the generation and characterization of mice expressing chimeric CD79 and report studies that demonstrate their utility in preclinical analysis of anti-human CD79 therapy. We demonstrate that human and mouse CD79 extracellular domains are functionally interchangeable, and that anti-human CD79 lacking Fc region effector function does not cause significant B cell depletion, but induces 1) decreased expression of plasma membrane-associated IgM and IgD, 2) uncoupling of BCR-induced tyrosine phosphorylation and calcium mobilization, and 3) increased expression of PTEN, consistent with the levels observed in anergic B cells. Finally, anti-human CD79 treatment prevents disease development in two mouse models of autoimmunity. We also present evidence that anti-human CD79 treatment may inhibit Ab secretion by terminally differentiated plasmablasts and plasma cells in vitro.