bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy labelling of alcoholic drinks: An important or inconsequential obesity policy?
Authors: Robinson Eric , Boyland Emma , Evans Rebecca , Finlay Amy , Halsall Lauren , Humphreys Gabrielle , Langfield Tess , McFarland‐Lesser India , Patel Zina , Jones Andrew 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAlcohol is calorie dense, but unlike food products, alcoholic drinks tend to be exempt from nutritional labelling laws that require energy content information to be displayed on packaging or at point of purchase. This review provides a perspective on the likely efficacy of alcoholic drink energy labelling as a public health policy to reduce obesity and discusses key questions to be addressed by future research. First, the contribution that alcohol makes to population level daily energy intake and obesity is outlined. Next, consumer need for alcohol energy labelling and the potential impacts on both consumer and industry behavior are discussed. Pathways and mechanisms by which energy labelling of alcoholic drinks could reduce obesity are considered, as well as possible unintended consequences of alcoholic drink energy labelling. Would widespread energy labelling of alcoholic drinks reduce obesity? The unclear effect that alcohol has on population level obesity, the modest contribution calories from alcohol make to daily energy intake and limited impact nutritional labelling policies tend to have on behavior, suggest alcohol energy labelling may have limited impact on population obesity prevalence as a standalone policy. However, there are a number of questions that will need to be answered by future research to make definitive conclusions on the potential for alcohol energy labelling policies to reduce obesity.
Synthesis of ZnFe2O4@Mg‐Al‐SDBS LDH composites for regulating heat and fire safety properties of polyurea
Authors: Lyu Ping , Hou Yongbo , Wang Rongzhen , Ma Mingliang , Chen Yan , Xing Qiyang , Ma Yong , Wang Shuang , Wu Yuefeng , Huang Weibo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe flame retardant zinc ferrite@Mg‐Al‐sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate layered double hydroxide (ZnFe2O4@Mg‐Al‐SDBS LDH) was prepared successfully by simple hydrothermal method and co‐precipitation method. ZnFe2O4 nanoparticle was used as the core on which Mg‐Al LDH was encapsulated to form a spherical structure with a lamellar intercalation layer. The microstructure, the phase structure, and the thermal properties of flame retardant were characterized in detail. Compared with pure polyurea (PUA), the total heat release (THR), peak heat release rate (PHRR) and smoke factor (SF) of PUA/ZnFe2O4@Mg‐Al‐SDBS LDH 3.0 wt% decreased by 17.64%, 20.13%, and 28.42%, respectively. In the combustion process, Mg‐Al LDH could generate porous metal oxides (Al2O3 and MgO), and ZnFe2O4 could also be decomposed into ZnO and Fe2O3. These oxides catalyzed cross‐linking of polymer molecules, to promote the formation of a dense char layer, and isolated heat and combustible gases from the underlying material. The improved flame retardant properties of the modified intercalated microspheres could be attributed to catalytic carbonization and physical barrier. Moreover, the mechanical properties of PUA composites were tested by universal tensile testing machine. The results showed that the addition of ZF@MASL flame retardant had little influence on the mechanical properties of PUA composites.
Fabrication of the polyethersulfone/functionalized mesoporous carbon nanocomposite nanofiltration membrane for dyes and heavy metal ions removal: Experimental and quantum mechanical simulation method
Authors: Moradi Golshan , Rahimi Masoud , Zinadini Sirus , Hadidi Saba 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe presence of industrial pollutants, especially salts, heavy metals ions, and dyes in water and wastewater is considered a serious environmental issue. To eliminate these pollutants, a high‐performing nanofiltration (NF) membrane was prepared by blending the functionalized mesoporous carbon CMK‐5 (F‐CMK‐5) nanofiller. This membrane was synthesized by introducing the active groups of sulfonyl and amide to the surface of mesoporous carbon CMK‐5 through covalent functionalization. Characterizations were conducted to study the membranes' physical properties and separation performance in terms of antifouling properties and rejection of salts, heavy metal ions, and dyes. The interactions between the active sites of the nanocomposite membrane and the studied solutes, including dyes and heavy metal ions in aqueous solutions, were studied by the density functional based tight binding method and structural optimization was carried out. Insertion of the F‐CMK‐5 nanofiller was eventuated in a remarkable increase in surface hydrophilicity, pure water flux, and antifouling properties. For all membranes, the lowest and the highest salt rejection was obtained for NaCl and Na2SO4, respectively, exhibiting the characteristics of NF membranes. Moreover, M0.3 with 0.3 wt% nanofiller showed the highest rejection for heavy metal ions (Fe2+ = 99.9%, Zn2+ = 99.9%, Cu2+ = 99.7%, and Pb2+ = 99.2%) and dyes (RB5 = 99.21, DR16 = 98.87, and MB = 98.12%), as well as high separation performance for filtration of multipollutant solutions. The reusability and 144 h uninterrupted filtration experiments for M0.3 confirmed the stability of the membrane. The findings suggest that the PES/F‐CMK‐5 nanocomposite NF membrane is a promising candidate for water and wastewater treatment.
Prevalence of chronic respiratory diseases in Aboriginal children: A whole population study
Authors: Laird Pamela , Ball Nicola , Brahim Shekira , Brown Henry , Chang Anne B. , Cooper Matthew , Cox Deanne , Cox Denetta , Crute Samantha , Foong Rachel E. , Isaacs Janella , Jacky John , Lau Gloria , McKinnon Elizabeth , Scanlon Annie , Smith Elizabeth F. , Thomason Sarah , Walker Roz , Schultz André 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe burden of bronchiectasis is disproportionately high in Aboriginal adults, with early mortality. Bronchiectasis precursors, that is, protracted bacterial bronchitis (PBB) and chronic suppurative lung disease (CSLD), often commence in early childhood. We previously reported a 10% prevalence of PBB in Aboriginal children aged 0 to 7 years, however there are no data on prevalence of chronic lung diseases in older children. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of PBB, CSLD, bronchiectasis, and asthma in Aboriginal children living in four communities.MethodsA whole‐population cross‐sectional community co‐designed study of Aboriginal children aged <18‐years in four remote communities in Western Australia across two‐time points, a month apart. Children were assessed by pediatric respiratory clinicians with spirometry undertaken (when possible) between March–September 2021. Children with respiratory symptoms were followed up via medical record audit from either the local medical clinic or via a respiratory specialist clinic through to March 2022 to establish a final diagnosis.FindingsWe recruited 392 (91.6%) of those in the selected communities; median age = 8.4 years (interquartile range [IQR] 5.1–11.5). Seventy children (17.9%) had a chronic respiratory pathology or abnormal spirometry results. PBB was confirmed in 30 (7.7%), CSLD = 13 (3.3%), bronchiectasis = 5 (1.3%) and asthma = 17 (4.3%). The prevalence of chronic wet cough significantly increased with increasing age.InterpretationThe prevalence of PBB, CSLD and bronchiectasis is high in Aboriginal children and chronic wet cough increases with age. This study highlights the high disease burden in Aboriginal children and the urgent need for strategies to address these conditions.
Preoperative respiratory therapy in patients undergoing surgery for lung cancer: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Fernández‐Blanco Raquel , Rincón‐García David , Valero‐Alcaide Raquel , Atín‐Arratibel María Angeles , De Miguel‐Diez Javier , Corrochano‐Cardona Ricardo , Torres‐Castro Rodrigo , Moro‐Tejedor Maria Nieves 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundA preoperative respiratory therapy treatment was performed to analyze the effectiveness, with respect to postoperative air leak and pain, in patients undergoing surgery for lung cancer.ObjectivesTo analyze air leakage and postoperative pain.Material and MethodsSeventy one patients were studied, with a mean age of 62.58 years. Descriptive variables of gender, carcinogenic pathology, type of surgical incision and lung resection, use of glue and endostapler, and presence of adhesions were analyzed. Likewise, analysis of the quantitative variables of age, body mass index and forced expiratory volume in 1 s Two homogeneous groups resulted. Differentiated, experimental group (EG) that performed preoperative respiratory therapy and control group (CG).ResultsThere were statistically significant differences in favor of the EG with respect to postoperative air leak on days 1–2 during the performance of physiotherapy techniques, the food and during the performance of the exercises autonomously. Furthermore, differences in air leakage were observed on days 2–4 during gait. The number of patients decreased to a greater extent in the EG. Regarding pain, there were statistically significant differences in the sample on days 1–4, with greater intensity of pain in the CG and after doing physiotherapy every day except the second.ConclusionsPreoperative respiratory therapy in patients undergoing surgery for lung cancer was effective in reducing the number of patients who presented postoperative air leak and reducing pain in the EG.
Deep learning under mass‐to‐charge ratio pre‐retrieval to realize electron ionization mass spectrometry library retrieval
Authors: Liu Miaolong , Yu Jiancheng , Yang Yuan , Tang Keqi 
Published: September 2022

RationaleGas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) is an analytical technique widely used in materials science, biomedicine, and other fields. The target compound in the experiment is identified by searching for its mass spectrum in a large mass spectrum database using some algorithms. This work introduces the use of deep learning ranking for the identification of small molecules using low‐resolution electron ionization MS. Because different spectra are often very similar, the algorithm produces wrong search results, and the search accuracy needs improvement. Due to the library's large amount of data, the algorithm sometimes requires a large amount of calculation and is very time consuming.MethodsGiven these two problems, this work aims to develop a model for ranking based on mass‐to‐charge ratio (m/z) pre‐retrieval method combined with deep learning to improve search accuracy and reduce the algorithm's computational time. The master spectral library maintained by the National Institute of Standards and Technology is used as the reference library for all the experiments, and the replicate library is used as the query library to evaluate the method's performance.ResultsCompared with non‐machine learning algorithms, the combination of m/z matching pre‐retrieval and deep learning significantly improves library retrieval accuracy by about 4%. Moreover, compared with the deep learning sorting algorithm that does not use the pre‐retrieval process, it improves the accuracy of spectral library retrieval by about 0.1% and reduces the computational time of the algorithm by more than 2 h.ConclusionsThis method identifies compounds more efficiently and accurately than non‐machine learning and deep learning algorithms without a pre‐retrieval process.
Towards fully automated robotic platform for remote auscultation
Authors: Tsumura Ryosuke , Koseki Yoshihiko , Nitta Naotaka , Yoshinaka Kiyoshi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundSince most developed countries are facing an increase in the number of patients per healthcare worker due to a declining birth rate and an ageing population, relatively simple and safe diagnosis tasks may need to be performed using robotics and automation technologies, without specialists and hospitals. This study presents an automated robotic platform for remote auscultation, which is a highly cost‐effective screening tool for detecting abnormal clinical signs.MethodThe developed robotic platform is composed of a 6‐degree‐of‐freedom cooperative robotic arm, LiDAR camera, and a spring‐based mechanism holding an electric stethoscope. The platform enables autonomous stethoscope positioning based on external body information acquired using the LiDAR camera‐based multi‐way registration; the platform also ensures safe and flexible contact, maintaining the contact force within a certain range through the passive‐actuated mechanism.ResultsOur preliminary results confirm that the robotic platform enables estimation of the landing positions required for cardiac examinations based on the depth and landmark information of the body surface. It also handles the stethoscope while maintaining the contact force without relying on the push‐in displacement by the robotic arm.ConclusionThe developed robotic platform enables the estimation of the landing positions and handling the stethoscope while maintaining the contact force, which promises the potential of automatic remote auscultation.
Blockchain based security protocol for device to device secure communication in internet of things networks
Authors: Chandrakar Palak , Bagga Rashi , Kumar Yogesh , Dwivedi Sanjeev Kumar , Amin Ruhul 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe internet of things (IoT) is now advancing at a tremendous pace. Devices in the IoT can connect and communicate in a fully autonomous mode. Because of its autonomy and numerous infractions of security policies, the IoT network is subject to various security risks. However, because of this autonomy, dependable security and storage mechanisms for authentication to share data across IoT devices are essential. Furthermore, since it has initially been popularized in Bitcoin, blockchain development has accelerated. Blockchain can be used to solve security challenges in the IoT. Making secure communication between IoT devices is one approach to accomplish this. To address this issue, we present an effective technique for intranetwork and internetwork device‐to‐device secure communication that enables IoT device identification and authentication while also providing secure communication in an open environment. The method also provides data integrity in addition to authentication and secure communication. We have presented informal security analysis, which confirms that there is no important security threats in our protocol. The performance of the protocol is also better in comparison with previously published papers.
Mechanical properties of novel PVA rubberized concrete
Authors: Aslam Fahid , Sadiq Muhammad Rehan , Javed Muhammad Faisal , Alabduljabbar Hisham 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAlternative aggregates have undergone intensive research work that has led to confidence in its utilization in concrete. Likewise, various polymers have been investigated to enhance the strength parameters of concrete. This study was dedicated to studying the influence of PVA (poly‐vinyl alcohol) on fresh and hardened properties of rubberized concrete. In this study, nine different grades of concrete were cast containing two proportions of rubber, that is, 5% and 10% by mass of fine aggregate, while two dosages of PVA, that is, 1% and 2% by mass of cement. The results obtained for fresh properties of concrete indicate that rubber led to lower the workability and fresh density of concrete while PVA showed to enhance the workability but lowers the fresh density of concrete. Crumb rubber led to a reduction in mechanical strength parameters of concrete which were significantly recovered with the incorporation of PVA. It was witnessed that, both rubber and PVA substantially enhance the resistance of concrete to acid attack and the strain capacity of concrete. Moreover, PVA led to cause a tad increase in the modulus of elasticity (MOE) while rubber causes a dip in MOE.
Pharmacological characterization and differential expression of NMDA receptor subunits in the chicken vestibular system during development
Authors: Ramírez Ana , Monjaraz Eduardo , Manjarrez Elías , Moyaho Alejandro , Cebada Jorge , Flores Amira 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPrevious studies demonstrated that in vitro preparations of the isolated vestibular system of diverse animal species still exhibit stable resting electrical activity and mechanically evoked synaptic transmission between hair cells and primary afferent endings. However, there are no reports related to their neurodevelopment. Therefore, this research aimed to examine whether NMDA receptors mediate these electrical signals in an isolated preparation of the chicken vestibular system at three developmental stages, E15, E18, and E21. We found that the spontaneous and mechanically evoked discharges from primary afferents of the posterior semicircular canal were modulated by agonists NMDA and glycine, but not by the agonist d‐serine applied near the synapses. Moreover, the individually applied by bath perfusion of three NMDA receptor antagonists (MK‐801, ifenprodil, and 2‐naphthoic acid) or high Mg2+ decreased the resting discharge rate, the NMDA response, and the discharge rate of mechanically evoked activity from these primary afferents.Furthermore, we found that the vestibular ganglion shows a stage‐dependent increase in the expression of NMDA receptor subunits GluN1, GluN2 (A‐C), and GluN3 (A‐B), being greater at E21, except for GluN2D, which was inversely related to the developmental stage. However, in the crista ampullaris, the expression pattern remained constant throughout development. This could suggest the possible existence of presynaptic NMDA receptors. Our results highlight that although the NMDA receptors are functionally active at the early embryonic stages of the vestibular system, NMDA and glycine reach their mature functionality to increase NMDA responses close to hatching (E21).
Prediction of large‐for‐gestational‐age infant by fetal growth charts and hemoglobin A1c level in pregnancy complicated by pregestational diabetes
Authors: Kiefer M. K. , Finneran M. M. , Ware C. A. , Foy P. , Thung S. F. , Gabbe S. G. , Landon M. B. , Grobman W. A. , Venkatesh K. K. 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo compare the ability of three fetal growth charts (Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF), Hadlock and National Institutes of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) race/ethnicity‐specific) to predict large‐for‐gestational age (LGA) at birth in pregnant individuals with pregestational diabetes, and to determine whether inclusion of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level improves the predictive performance of the growth charts.MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of individuals with Type‐1 or Type‐2 diabetes with a singleton pregnancy that resulted in a non‐anomalous live birth. Fetal biometry was performed between 28 + 0 and 36 + 6 weeks of gestation. The primary exposure was suspected LGA, defined as estimated fetal weight ≥ 90th percentile using the Hadlock (Formula C), FMF and NICHD growth charts. The primary outcome was LGA at birth, defined as birth weight ≥ 90th percentile, using 2017 USA natality reference data. The performance of the three growth charts to predict LGA at birth, alone and in combination with HbA1c as a continuous measure, was assessed using the area under the receiver‐operating‐characteristics curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value.ResultsOf 358 assessed pregnant individuals with pregestational diabetes (34% with Type 1 and 66% with Type 2), 147 (41%) had a LGA infant at birth. Suspected LGA was identified in 123 (34.4%) by the Hadlock, 152 (42.5%) by the FMF and 152 (42.5%) by the NICHD growth chart. The FMF growth chart had the highest sensitivity (77% vs 69% (NICHD) vs 63% (Hadlock)) and the Hadlock growth chart had the highest specificity (86% vs 76% (NICHD) and 82% (FMF)) for predicting LGA at birth. The FMF growth chart had a significantly higher AUC (0.79 (95% CI, 0.74–0.84)) for LGA at birth compared with the NICHD (AUC, 0.72 (95% CI, 0.68–0.77); P < 0.001) and Hadlock (AUC, 0.75 (95% CI, 0.70–0.79); P < 0.01) growth charts. Prediction of LGA improved for all three growth charts with the inclusion of HbA1c measurement in comparison to each growth chart alone (P < 0.001 for all); the FMF growth chart remained more predictive of LGA at birth (AUC, 0.85 (95% CI, 0.81–0.90)) compared with the NICHD (AUC, 0.79 (95% CI, 0.73–0.84)) and Hadlock (AUC, 0.81 (95% CI, 0.76–0.86)) growth charts.ConclusionsThe FMF fetal growth chart had the best predictive performance for LGA at birth in comparison with the Hadlock and NICHD race/ethnicity‐specific growth charts in pregnant individuals with pregestational diabetes. Inclusion of HbA1c improved further the prediction of LGA for all three charts. © 2022 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Immunophenotypic and molecular profile of cancer stem‐cell markers in ex vivo canine transmissible venereal tumour (CTVT)
Authors: Grandi Fabrizio , Miot Hélio Amante , Rocha Rafael Malagoli , Gomes Cristina Massoco Salles , Queiroz‐Hazarbassanov Nicolle , Montoya‐Florez Luis Mauricio , Cogliati Bruno , Rocha Noeme Sousa 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundSeveral studies have attempted to characterise the origin of canine transmissible venereal tumour (CTVT). However, the participation of cancer stem cells (CSC) has not been reportedObjectivesHerein we describe the expression patterns of CSC markers CD44, CD34, CD90 and CD133 in CTVTMethodsThirty‐eight samples were selected and assessed through flow cytometry and immunohistochemistryResults and conclusionsTwenty‐two tumours were classified as plasmacytoid and 16 as mixed. Almost all tumours showed high CD44 and low CD34 levels. CD133 and CD90 expression varied among tumours. Cytological groups did not differ in the proportion of CSC markers. Our results suggest that CSC subpopulations might participate in CTVT.