bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diversity, composition, and freedom to choose drive the effects of St. Augustinegrass cultivar blends on an herbivorous insect
Authors: Doherty Ethan M. , Meagher Robert L. , Dale Adam G. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWarm‐season turfgrasses are conventionally produced and maintained as cultivar monocultures, which leaves them less resilient to pest attack than more diverse plantings. Recent evidence has indicated that mixing St. Augustinegrass [Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walter) Kuntze] cultivars can provide pest management benefits compared with cultivar monocultures. Research in other systems has shown that the effects of plant diversity on herbivores often depends on the number and identity of plant species present. Host plant diversity can affect herbivore fitness via postconsumptive physiological effects or before consumption by influencing herbivore behavior or plant defenses. To investigate the mechanisms by which St. Augustinegrass cultivar diversity and composition affect an insect herbivore, six cultivars were mixed to create two levels of cultivar diversity, and fall armyworm life history traits were tracked under no‐choice diet mixing conditions and conditions where the larvae could forage among mixed cultivars. These experiments demonstrated that specific cultivar blends can reduce herbivore fitness and herbivory, and that the effects on fall armyworm fitness are likely driven by insect–plant interactions rather than postconsumptive physiological effects. The results will inform pest management strategies in warm‐season turfgrass production and management, adding to the literature focused on the effects of intraspecific plant diversity.
Internalizing symptoms among Taiwanese adolescents in poverty: Longitudinal influences of neighborhood, family, and school
Authors: Chiang Shou‐Chun , Bai Sunhye 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionIdentifying specific contextual factors that contribute to the development of internalizing symptoms in adolescents in poverty is critical for prevention. This study examined the longitudinal effects of neighborhood disadvantage, family cohesion, and teacher–student relationship on adolescent internalizing symptoms from economically disadvantaged families.MethodsParticipants were 1404 Taiwanese adolescents (49% female) in the nationally representative Taiwan database of children and youth in poverty. Youth were enrolled in the seventh, eighth, or ninth grades (Time 1; Mage = 14.85, SD = 0.95) and completed biennial follow‐up assessments 2 (Time 2; Mage = 16.47, SD = 0.74) and 4 years after baseline (Time 3; Mage = 18.21, SD = 0.70). Latent growth models examined longitudinal associations between contextual factors and internalizing symptoms over time.ResultsAdolescents reported declines in neighborhood disadvantage and teacher–student relationship but increases in family cohesion over the 4 years. At baseline, greater neighborhood disadvantage was associated with higher levels of internalizing symptoms, whereas higher family cohesion was associated with lower levels of internalizing symptoms. Over time, an increase in family cohesion was associated with a decrease in internalizing symptoms.ConclusionThis study provides empirical support that family cohesion plays a critical role in shaping the development of adolescent internalizing symptoms despite poverty. There was an increase in family cohesion from early to late adolescence among Taiwanese adolescents in poverty and such change was correlated with decreases in youth internalizing symptoms. Family cohesion may be a key target of prevention programs aiming to reduce internalizing symptoms for youth in poverty.
Combinatorial Inhibition of Myostatin and Activin A Improves Femoral Bone Properties in the G610C Mouse Model of Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Authors: Omosule Catherine L. , Joseph Dominique , Weiler Brooke , Gremminger Victoria L. , Silvey Spencer , Jeong Youngjae , Rafique Ashique , Krueger Pamela , Kleiner Sandra , Phillips Charlotte L. 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a collagen-related bone disorder characterized by fragile osteopenic bone and muscle weakness. We have previously shown that the soluble activin receptor type IIB decoy (sActRIIB) molecule increases muscle mass and improves bone strength in the mild to moderate G610C mouse model of OI. The sActRIIB molecule binds multiple transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) ligands, including myostatin and activin A. Here, we investigate the musculoskeletal effects of inhibiting activin A alone, myostatin alone, or both myostatin and activin A in wild-type (Wt) and heterozygous G610C (+/G610C) mice using specific monoclonal antibodies. Male and female Wt and +/G610C mice were treated twice weekly with intraperitoneal injections of monoclonal control antibody (Ctrl-Ab, Regn1945), anti-activin A antibody (ActA-Ab, Regn2476), anti-myostatin antibody (Mstn-Ab, Regn647), or both ActA-Ab and Mstn-Ab (Combo, Regn2476, and Regn647) from 5 to 16 weeks of age. Prior to euthanasia, whole body composition, metabolism and muscle force generation assessments were performed. Post euthanasia, hindlimb muscles were evaluated for mass, and femurs were evaluated for changes in microarchitecture and biomechanical strength using micro–computed tomography (μCT) and three-point bend analyses. ActA-Ab treatment minimally impacted the +/G610C musculoskeleton, and was detrimental to bone strength in male +/G610C mice. Mstn-Ab treatment, as previously reported, resulted in substantial increases in hindlimb muscle weights and overall body weights in Wt and male +/G610C mice, but had minimal skeletal impact in +/G610C mice. Conversely, the Combo treatment outperformed ActA-Ab alone or Mstn-Ab alone, consistently increasing hindlimb muscle and body weights regardless of sex or genotype and improving bone microarchitecture and strength in both male and female +/G610C and Wt mice. Combinatorial inhibition of activin A and myostatin more potently increased muscle mass and bone microarchitecture and strength than either antibody alone, recapturing most of the observed benefits of sActRIIB treatment in +/G610C mice. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Hemostatic effects of therapeutic plasma exchange: A concise review
Authors: Soares Ferreira Júnior Alexandre , Hodulik Kimberly , Barton Karen D. , Onwuemene Oluwatoyosi A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTherapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) alters the hemostatic balance. Contributing to TPE's hemostatic effects is the mechanical processing of blood in the extracorporeal circuit, circuit anticoagulant, type of replacement fluid, TPE schedule and number of procedures, TPE timing relative to invasive procedures, and removal of nontargeted components such as platelets, coagulation proteins, and cytokines. Although TPE's hemostatic effects are well established, how it impacts the bleeding risk is not clearly understood. In this concise review, we describe the effects of the above TPE‐related factors on hemostatic balance, present data on the effects of TPE on blood hemostasis, including its effects on platelet counts and clotting assays, and review the literature on the impact of TPE‐induced hemostatic changes on TPE‐associated bleeding events. Finally, we discuss risk factors associated with bleeding during TPE and review the literature on TPE‐associated hemostatic effects in the pediatric population.
Combined diagnosis of QF‐PCR and CNV‐Seq in fetal chromosomal abnormalities: A new perspective on prenatal diagnosis
Authors: Qiao Jinping , Yuan Jing , Hu Wenjun , Li Qin , Fang Huiqin , Xu Yuanhong , Dai Yaqian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of QF‐PCR and CNV‐seq in diagnosing prenatal fetal chromosomal aberrations, explore the advantages and necessity of multimethod joint diagnosis.MethodsWe chose pregnant women with the indication of fetal chromosome examination in our hospital last year, collected 657 cases of amniotic fluid for QF‐PCR and CNV‐seq analyzes.ResultsWhile detecting aneuploidy, the coincidence rate of QF‐PCR and CNV‐seq was 100% (56/56). For all 46 chromosomes, 523 cases (79.60%, 523/657) coincided precisely, 128 cases (19.48%, 128/657) showed abnormality with CNV‐seq, 8 cases (1.22%, 8/657) revealed abnormality by QF‐PCR. In serological Down's syndrome screening, 328 cases showed a high risk of trisomy 21, of which CNV‐seq and QF‐PCR were consistent in 4 cases (1.22%, 4/328), CNV‐seq found 87 cases of CNVs in 78 samples except for chromosomal aneuploidy abnormalities, among these, 18 cases (20.69%, 18/87) were polymorphic, 7 cases (8.05%, 7/87) might cause disease, 13 cases (14.94%, 13/87) caused disease explicitly, 21 cases (24.14%, 21/87) were possibly benign, 17 cases (19.54%, 17/87) were explicitly benign, and the classification of 11 cases (12.64%, 11/87) was unclear.ConclusionQF‐PCR and CNV‐seq were highly consistent in diagnosing chromosomal aneuploidy. The high risk of serological Down's screening might not only due to the aneuploidy of chromosomes 21, 18, and NTD, but also the microdeletion or microduplication of all 46 chromosomes. So using CNV‐seq combined with QF‐PCR could effectively reduce the risk of missed diagnosis.
The relationship between anger and suicidal ideation: Investigations in two samples
Authors: Schafer Katherine Musacchio , Daurio Allison , French Juliana E. , Rogers Megan L. , Meltzer Andrea L. , Cougle Jesse R. , Joiner Thomas E. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectivesSuicidal ideation (SI) nearly always precedes lethal suicide attempts. Anger may play a role in SI, but this appears to vary by gender and nuances in this relationship are unclear.MethodWe investigated whether levels of (a) anger and (b) SI vary by gender, (c) the cross‐sectional relationship between anger and SI, and (d) if gender moderates that relationship in two samples: adults seeking care for excessive anger (Study 1) and undergraduates endorsing previous suicide attempt (Study 2).ResultsIn Study 1, anger was more commonly endorsed in women; however, in Study 2, anger did not vary by gender. In both studies, SI did not vary by gender. Further, in both studies, anger and SI were positively related. The relationship between anger and SI did not vary by gender in either study.ConclusionsThe strength of the relationship between anger and SI did not vary by gender.
Effect of water sampling strategies on the uncertainty of phosphorus load estimation in subsurface drainage discharge
Authors: Dialameh Babak , Ghane Ehsan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAccurate phosphorus (P) load estimation in subsurface drainage water is critical to assess the field‐scale efficacy of conservation practices. The HydroCycle‐PO4 instrument measures real‐time total reactive P (TRP) concentration without the need for sample filtration, thereby enabling comparative evaluation of different sampling strategies. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of water sampling strategies on the uncertainty of P load estimation. Hourly TRP concentration and hourly drainage discharge measurements formed the reference P load dataset. Four hypothetical water sampling strategies were evaluated: (a) time‐proportional discrete sampling, (b) time‐proportional composite sampling, (c) flow‐proportional discrete sampling, and (d) flow‐proportional composite sampling. All sampling strategies underestimated TRP load compared with the reference dataset. Total reactive P load underestimation changed from 0.2 to 51% as time‐proportional discrete sampling intervals increased from 3 h to 14 d. Total reactive P load underestimation changed from 12 to 43% as the time‐proportional compositing scenario increased from 1 to 7 d, each with one aliquot per day. In the case of flow‐proportional discrete sampling scenario, the lowest (0.6%) and the highest (–5.1%) uncertainties were observed when 1‐ and 5‐mm flow intervals were used. The relative error based on the results provided by the flow‐proportional composite sampling ranged from 0.2% when using 1‐mm flow interval to –6.7% when using 5‐mm flow interval. In conclusion, the flow‐proportional sampling strategies provided a more accurate estimate of cumulative P load with fewer number of samples because a greater portion of samples were taken at higher flow rates compared with time‐proportional sampling strategies.
Exploring the role of Islam on the lived experience of patients with Long QT Syndrome in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Bakur Khadijah H. , Al‐Aama Jumana Y. , Alhassnan Zuhair N. , Brooks Helen , Clancy Tara , Manea Waleed , Takroni Saud A. , Ulph Fiona 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGenetic services are rapidly growing in the Arab world leading to increasing number of patients being diagnosed with genetic disorders. Islam is the only/major religion of the local population in these countries. Muslim patients integrate religion in virtually every aspect of their lives, and it is vital to understand the role of Islam on their coping and decision‐making in the context of genetic counseling. This will help provide patients with the most appropriate services aligned to their religious beliefs and will improve outcomes. Increasing numbers of patients are being diagnosed with Long QT syndrome in Saudi Arabia. Using semi‐structured interviews, this study explored the role of Islam on the lived experience of 13 Saudi participants diagnosed with autosomal dominant Long QT syndrome (3/13) or who are carriers of Jervell and Lange‐Nielsen syndrome (10/13). The interviews investigated how they made sense of living with the condition in light of their religion/spirituality. The data were analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis and produced four superordinate themes: 1) Common belief and idiosyncratic interpretation; 2) Using religion to justify positive reframing of current illnesses; 3) Interplay between belief in medicine and in religion; and 4) Complex impact of diagnosis on religiosity. The results show that the participants’ idiosyncratic interpretations of the religious principles, not the principles themselves, had an important influence on their coping, medical decision‐making, perceptions regarding the cause of their disease, and compliance with medical advice. A novel insight of the current study is that the personal understanding and interpretation of medical information played the greatest role in the decision‐making process, and not the religious beliefs. Thus, it is important for health professionals to give patients’ information in a manner that is clear and detailed in order for them to facilitate an informed decision, and to ensure that they fully understand the implications.
Recovery of enzyme activity in biotinidase deficient individuals during early childhood
Authors: Forny Patrick , Wicht Andrea , Rüfenacht Véronique , Cremonesi Alessio , Häberle Johannes 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDeficiency of the biotinidase (BTD) enzyme is an inborn error of biotin metabolism caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in the BTD gene. There are two forms, partial and profound BTD deficiency, which both can be successfully treated with pharmacological doses of biotin, justifying the inclusion of this disorder in the newborn screening in numerous countries. We investigated the BTD deficiency cohort (N = 87) in our metabolic center, as it was detected upon newborn screening since 2005, and aimed to better understand the long‐term course of BTD enzyme activity and how it may relate to the patients' genetic background. We observed that individuals with partial BTD deficiency display an elevation of BTD enzyme activity with increasing age in 48% of cases—a recovery which allowed adjustment or stop of biotin supplementation in 20% of all individuals. In addition, we were able to recruit 56 patients (64%) for genetic testing, revealing 19 different variants (2 novel), and constituting 22 different genotypes. Genotype–phenotype correlations revealed that the most abundant allele in our cohort p.(Asp444His) was also the most common variant in patients displaying recovery of BTD enzyme activity. Based on our results, we recommend to retest all patients with partial BTD deficiency at the age of 5 years, as this may result in an impact on therapy. Moreover, genetic testing of BTD deficient individuals can allow prediction of the severity of BTD deficiency and of the likelihood of BTD enzyme activity recovery with age.image
Leadership Style in Relation to Gender Role and Masculine Values: Being Daoist Water‐Like or Agentic?
Authors: Zhou Wen‐Qian , Lee Yueh‐Ting , Jacobs Eric 
Published: February 2022

Based on the Daoist water‐like theory in relation to leadership and gender, the current study aims to compare two leadership styles (Daoist water‐like and Agentic) and their relation to the gender role of leaders and the masculine values of perceivers. A 2 × 2 × 2 between‐subjects factorial experiment (leader gender, leadership style, and perceiver masculinity value) was conducted to examine the favorability, empowerment, and democracy (FED) of the leader by using vignettes as stimulus materials. Participants (N = 383) were recruited from MTurk and were randomly assigned to evaluate the leader candidate in the vignette. Overall, the results indicated that Daoist water‐like leadership was perceived as more FED than agentic leadership. Moreover, Daoist water‐like male leadership was seen as the most FED, while the agentic male leadership style was seen as the least FED. Finally, perceivers with low masculine values tended to view the Daoist water‐like leadership as more FED than agentic leadership, while perceivers with high masculine values did not endorse agentic over Daoist water‐like leadership. Implications of the Daoist water‐like leadership in relation to the gender role of the leader and masculine values of the perceiver are discussed.
Forecasting neuromuscular recovery after anterior cruciate ligament injury: Athlete recovery profiles with generalized additive modeling
Authors: Jordan Matthew J. , Morris Nathaniel , Barnert Jeremiah , Lawson Drew , Aldrich Witt Isabel , Herzog Walter 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA retrospective analysis of longitudinally collected athlete monitoring data was conducted to generate a model of neuromuscular recovery after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and reconstruction (ACLR). Neuromuscular testing data including countermovement jump (CMJ) force‐time asymmetries and knee extensor strength (maximum voluntary contractionext) asymmetries (between‐limb asymmetry index—AI) were obtained from athletes with ACLR using semitendinosus (ST) autograft (n = 29; AI measurements: n = 494), bone patellar tendon bone autograft (n = 5; AI measurements: n = 88) and noninjured controls (n = 178; AI measurements: n = 3188). Explosive strength measured as the rate of torque development was also calculated. CMJ force‐time asymmetries were measured over discrete movement phases (eccentric deceleration phase, concentric phase). Separate additive mixed effects models (additive mixed effects model [AMM]) were fit for each AI with a main effect for the surgical technique and a smooth term for the time since surgery (days). The models explained between 43% and 91% of the deviance in neuromuscular recovery after ACLR. The mean time course was generated from the AMM. Comparative neuromuscular recovery profiles of an athlete with an accelerated progression and an athlete with a delayed progression after a serious multiligament injury were generated. Clinical Significance: This paper provides a new perspective on the utility of longitudinal athlete monitoring including routine testing to develop models of neuromuscular recovery after ACLR that can be used to characterize individual progression throughout rehabilitation.
Fabrication and characterization of chitosan nanoparticles using the coffee‐ring effect for photodynamic therapy
Authors: Bekmukhametova Alina , Uddin Mir Muhammad Nasir , Houang Jessica , Malladi Chandra , George Laurel , Wuhrer Richard , Barman Shital K. , Wu Ming J. , Mawad Damia , Lauto Antonio 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesBiocompatible nanoparticles have been increasingly used in a variety of medical applications, including photodynamic therapy. Although the impact of synthesis parameters and purification methods is reported in previous studies, it is still challenging to produce a reliable protocol for the fabrication, purification, and characterization of nanoparticles in the 200–300 nm range that are highly monodisperse for biomedical applications.Study Design/Materials and MethodsWe investigated the synthesis of chitosan nanoparticles in the 200–300 nm range by evaluating the chitosan to sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) mass ratio and acetic acid concentration of the chitosan solution. Chitosan nanoparticles were also crosslinked to rose bengal and incubated with human breast cancer cells (MCF‐7) to test photodynamic activity using a green laser (λ = 532 nm, power = 90 mW).ResultsWe established a simple protocol to fabricate and purify biocompatible nanoparticles with the most frequent size occurring between 200 and 300 nm. This was achieved using a chitosan to TPP mass ratio of 5:1 in 1% v/v acetic acid at a pH of 5.5. The protocol involved the formation of nanoparticle coffee rings that showed the particle shape to be spherical in the first approximation. Photodynamic treatment with rose bengal‐nanoparticles killed ~98% of cancer cells.ConclusionA simple protocol was established to prepare and purify spherical and biocompatible chitosan nanoparticles with a peak size of ~200 nm. These have remarkable antitumor activity when coupled with photodynamic treatment.