bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epicardial Adipose Tissue Ceramides Are Related to Lipoprotein Lipase Activity in Coronary Artery Disease: Unfolding a Missing Link
Authors: Barchuk Magalí , Ancel Patricia , Miksztowicz Verónica , Doukbi Elisa , Svilar Ljubica , Yñón Daniel , Nogueira Juan Patricio , Rubio Miguel , Schreier Laura , Dutour Anne , Martin Jean Charles , Gaborit Bénédicte , Berg Gabriela 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) contributes to coronary artery disease (CAD). EAT presents a specific lipidomic signature, showing increased ceramides and other proinflammatory lipids content. Besides, LPL (lipoprotein lipase) activity in EAT would contribute to its expansion, supplying fatty acids to the tissue. Our aim was to evaluate the relations between LPL activity, regulators of LPL, and ceramides in EAT from CAD patients.

Methods:
We studied patients undergoing coronary bypass graft (CAD, n=25) and patients without CAD (no CAD, n=14). EAT and subcutaneous AT (SAT) were obtained, tissue LPL activity and its regulator’s expression (ANGPTL4, GPIHBP1 [glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored high-density lipoprotein-binding protein 1], and PPARγ [peroxisomal proliferator–activated receptor γ]) were assessed. Tissue lipidomes were evaluated by UHPLC-MS, in positive and negative ionization modes.

Results:

LPL activity was higher in EAT from CAD (
P
<0.001), and in EAT than SAT in both groups (
P
<0.001). ANGPTL4 levels were lower, GPIHBP1 and PPARγ levels were higher in EAT from CAD (
P
<0.001). In both groups, EAT exhibited more ceramide (
P
=0.01), directly associated with LPL activity, being the strongest association with Cer18:1/24:1 (
P
<0.001). EAT Cer18:1/16:0 to Cer18:1/24:0 and Cer18:1/24:1 to 18:1/24:0 ratios were higher in CAD (
P
=0.03;
P
<0.001, respectively), the latter directly associated with LPL activity (
r
=0.63,
P
<0.001) GPIHBP1 levels (
r
=0.68,
P
<0.001), and inversely to EAT ANGPTL4 expression (
r
=−0.49,
P
=0.03). Pairwise partial correlation network showed associations among bioactive lipids and LPL and its regulators (
P
<0.001 in all cases).

Conclusions:
The association between LPL activity, total ceramide, and the atherogenic ceramide ratios highlights the importance of the enzyme and these bioactive lipids contributing to the different metabolic profile of EAT in CAD.
Trends, Predictors, and Outcomes of Cardiovascular Complications Associated With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome During Delivery Hospitalizations: A National Inpatient Sample Analysis (2002–2019)
Authors: Zahid Salman , Khan Muhammad Zia , Gowda Smitha , Faza Nadeen N. , Honigberg Michael C. , Vaught Arthur (Jason) , Guan Carolyn , Minhas Anum S. , Michos Erin D. 
Published: June 2022

Background
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have an increased risk of pregnancy‐associated complications. However, data on peripartum cardiovascular complications remain limited. Hence, we investigated trends, outcomes, and predictors of cardiovascular complications associated with PCOS diagnosis during delivery hospitalizations in the United States.

Methods and Results

We used data from the National Inpatient Sample (2002–2019).
International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision
(
ICD‐9
), or
International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision
(
ICD‐10
), codes were used to identify delivery hospitalizations and PCOS diagnosis. A total of 71 436 308 weighted hospitalizations for deliveries were identified, of which 0.3% were among women with PCOS (n=195 675). The prevalence of PCOS, and obesity among those with PCOS, increased during the study period. Women with PCOS were older (median, 31 versus 28 years;
P
<0.01) and had a higher prevalence of diabetes, obesity, and dyslipidemia. After adjustment for age, race and ethnicity, comorbidities, insurance, and income, PCOS remained an independent predictor of cardiovascular complications, including preeclampsia (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.56 [95% CI, 1.54–1.59];
P
<0.01), eclampsia (adjusted OR, 1.58 [95% CI, 1.54–1.59];
P
<0.01), peripartum cardiomyopathy (adjusted OR, 1.79 [95% CI, 1.49–2.13];
P
<0.01), and heart failure (adjusted OR, 1.76 [95% CI, 1.27–2.45];
P
<0.01), compared with no PCOS. Moreover, delivery hospitalizations among women with PCOS were associated with increased length (3 versus 2 days;
P
<0.01) and cost of hospitalization ($4901 versus $3616;
P
<0.01).

Conclusions
Women with PCOS had a higher risk of preeclampsia/eclampsia, peripartum cardiomyopathy, and heart failure during delivery hospitalizations. Moreover, delivery hospitalizations among women with PCOS diagnosis were associated with increased length and cost of hospitalization. This signifies the importance of prepregnancy consultation and optimization for cardiometabolic health to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Unveiling the distinctive traits of a nation’s research performance: The case of Italy and Norway
Authors: Abramo Giovanni , Aksnes Dag W. , D’Angelo Ciriaco Andrea 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this study, we analyze the research performance of Italian and Norwegian professors using constituent components of the Fractional Scientific Strength (FSS) indicator. The main focus is on differences across fields in publication output and citation impact. The overall performance (FSS) of the two countries, which differ considerably in research size and profile, is remarkedly similar. However, an in-depth analysis shows that there are large underlying performance differences. An average Italian professor publishes more papers than a Norwegian, while the citation impact of the research output is higher for the Norwegians. In addition, at field level, the pattern varies along both dimensions, and we analyze in which fields each country has its relative strengths. Overall, this study contributes to further insights into how the research performance of different countries may be analyzed and compared to inform research policy.
Operative vaginal delivery: practice patterns and outcomes at a tertiary general hospital
Authors: Zhang Valencia Ru-Yan , Tan Eng Loy , Edison Priyantha Ebenezer , Kanagalingam Devendra 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:
There has been a global decrease in operative vaginal deliveries, with a marked shift towards the vacuum extractor. However, little is known about the trends in operative vaginal delivery in Singapore.

Methods:
A retrospective study was conducted on all operative vaginal deliveries performed from 2012 to 2017 at Singapore General Hospital (SGH). Maternal outcomes in terms of postpartum haemorrhage and obstetric anal sphincter injuries were compared between forceps- and vacuum-assisted deliveries. Neonatal outcomes in terms of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission and clinically significant neonatal events were compared. The instrument preference of obstetricians was analysed.

Results:
A total of 906 consecutive operative vaginal deliveries were included in the study, comprising 461 forceps- and 445 vacuum-assisted deliveries. The rate of operative vaginal delivery was maintained at approximately 10% from 2012 to 2017. Neonatal cephalohematomas were more common after vacuum-assisted deliveries. Other maternal and neonatal outcomes did not differ significantly between the two groups. Clinically significant neonatal events were mostly due to shoulder dystocia, whereas all cases of NICU admissions were not directly related to the mode of delivery. Obstetricians’ choice of instrument appeared to reflect personal preference and was not affected by the year of graduation.

Conclusion:
The rates of neonatal and maternal morbidity were low at SGH. Overall instrument use of forceps and vacuum was balanced, and proficiency in both was demonstrated by all operators. Operative vaginal delivery remains an essential skill in facilitating safe vaginal delivery, which should be maintained to keep Caesarean section rates in check.
Rediscovery of Bauhinia conceptionis (Leguminosae: Cercidoideae), a rare and endemic species of Colombian legume from Chocó - Colombia, after eighty years
Authors: CASTELLANOS CESAR , VARGAS FRANK 
Published: June 2022

During a series of botanical fieldtrips in the rural areas of the municipality of Quibdó in the Pacific region of Colombia, between 2017 and 2018, a very small population of Bauhinia conceptionis Britton & Killip (Leguminosae: Cercidoideae) was detected. Bauhinia conceptionis, a rare and endemic species of Colombian legume was described based on specimens collected by W. A. Archer in 1931. Since then, the species has not been recorded again. Bauhinia conceptionis is distinguished from other Colombian species of Bauhinia by the following combination of characters: leaves suborbicular and bilobed for less than 1/5 their length, leaf base cordate and apical lobe rounded, stigma oblique – capitate, bud up to 5.5 cm long, and distribution restricted to the Chocó area. The stigma, anther and fruits are described for the first time, since the original description. We report the rediscovery of this species in its natural habitat, surroundings of La Concepcion River, area municipality of Quibdó, in a disturbed area of tropical rainforest subject to strong anthropogenic pressures including illegal logging; additionally, new taxonomic information of this specie is provided.
Comparisons of two cryptic Ampedus species (Coleoptera: Elateridae) by using classical systematics, ecological niche modeling, and DNA barcoding
Authors: KABALAK MAHMUT , KARACAOĞLU ÇAĞAŞAN , BİLGİÇ HAYRİYE AKEL , KARAGUZEL DILARA , KARAASLAN ÇAĞATAY 
Published: June 2022

The presence of cryptic species is one of the important problems in systematics. To deal with this systematic issue, certain approaches have been utilized. DNA sequencing is one of the common techniques for estimating biodiversity, such as DNA barcoding, which might reveal cryptic species. In this study, we explore how to identify two cryptic saproxylic species using a combination of general and aedeagus morphologies, distributional patterns (in provinces and altitude), specimen abundance, ecological niche modeling (ENM), and mtDNA sequencing data (for the endemic species Ampedus platiai and A. samedovi). The close relationship and validity of these species based on classical systematics was confirmed by the available literature and by Neighbor-Joining (NJ) analysis in Mega Software. Additionally, the DNA barcoding data acquired in this study also confirmed the species status of these species within the genus Ampedus. This also provides insights into classical systematics. ENM’s for possible current and future distributional scenarios of endemic A. platiai and A. samedovi are created by Maxent Software. Possible suitable habitats in 2050 and 2070 for the species are calculated according to IPCC5 Climate scenarios. Precipitation seasonality (coefficient of variation) has the highest percentage contribution to the resulting prediction pattern for A. platiai (52.3), the mean temperature of the wettest quarter has the highest percentage contribution to the resulting prediction pattern for A. samedovi (42.7) respectively among used bioclimatic variables in ENM. Depending on the temperature increase in 2050 and 2070, the distributions of A. platiai and A. samedovi could decrease gradually.
Developing 4D-Var for Strongly Coupled Data Assimilation Using a Coupled Atmosphere–Ocean Quasigeostrophic Model
Authors: Goodliff Michael , Penny Stephen G. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Four-dimensional variational (4D-Var) data assimilation (DA) is developed for a coupled atmosphere–ocean quasigeostrophic application. Complications arise in coupled data assimilation (CDA) systems due to the presence of multiple spatiotemporal scales. Various formulations of the background error covariance matrix (), using different localization strategies, are explored to evaluate their impact on 4D-Var performance in a CDA setting. 4D-Var requires access to tangent linear and adjoint models (TLM/AM) to propagate information about the misfit between the forecast and observations within an optimization window. In practice, particularly for coupled models, the TLM and adjoint are often difficult to produce, and for some models are nonexistent in analytic form. Accordingly, a statistical data-driven alternative is also employed and evaluated to determine its feasibility for a 4D-Var CDA system. Using experiments conducted with a coupled atmosphere–ocean quasigeostrophic model, it is found that ensemble generation of flow-dependent error covariance statistics can increase the accuracy of 4D-Var CDA. When observing all variables, the hybrid climatological/flow-dependent constructions outperform either independently. The use of a hybrid matrix combined with a rapid updating ensemble transform Kalman filter (RU-ETKF) using either strongly or weakly CDA resulted in lower overall RMSE. The ocean component achieved its lowest RMSE when using a fully flow-dependent matrix generated using 4D-ETKF and using weakly CDA. These results show the importance of time scales and analysis update frequencies. The use of a statistically derived TLM/AM generated from the ETKF ensemble perturbations produces results similar to cases using the analytical coupled TLM/AM in 4D-Var.
Should We Perform Incidental Appendectomy in Trauma Patients Undergoing Laparotomy?
Authors: Morris Erin , Marschke Brianna , Bashrum Bryan , Dhanasekara Chathurika S. , Siddiqui Arham , Tucker Amber , Dissanaike Sharmila 
Published: June 2022

Incidental appendectomy (IA) is sometimes performed in patients undergoing abdominal operations to prevent subsequent development of appendicitis. Patients who undergo laparotomy for major abdominal trauma are at high risk of developing dense adhesions, increasing the risk of future operations. Therefore, there is a potential benefit to IA for patients undergoing trauma laparotomy. We performed a retrospective review of patients who underwent IA during laparotomy for abdominal trauma at a Level 1 trauma center between January 2010, and June 2020. Twenty-three patients underwent IA; they tended to be young (33.7 ± 18.9 years) and male (87%) with 12 penetrating and 11 blunt injuries. Regarding indications, 13 had no documented intra-operative abnormalities of the appendix, 6 patients had a fecalith, and 3 had trauma to the appendix. One patient’s appendix was adhered to the peritoneum and one patient had unusual anatomic location. Only one patient developed an appendiceal stump leak after IA.
Driver Visual Attention Before and After Take-Over Requests During Automated Driving on Public Roads
Authors: Pipkorn Linda , Dozza Marco , Tivesten Emma 
Published: June 2022

Objective This study aims to understand drivers’ visual attention before and after take-over requests during automated driving (AD), when the vehicle is fully responsible for the driving task on public roads. Background Existing research on transitions of control from AD to manual driving has mainly focused on take-over times. Despite its relevance for vehicle safety, drivers’ visual attention has received little consideration. Method Thirty participants took part in a Wizard of Oz study on public roads. Drivers’ visual attention was analyzed before and after four take-over requests. Visual attention during manual driving was also recorded to serve as a baseline for comparison. Results During AD, the participants showed reduced visual attention to the forward road and increased duration of single off-road glances compared to manual driving. In response to take-over requests, the participants looked away from the forward road toward the instrument cluster. Levels of visual attention towards the forward road did not return to the levels observed during manual driving until after 15 s had passed. Conclusion During AD, drivers may look toward non-driving related task items (e.g., mobile phone) instead of forward. Further, when a transition of control is required, drivers may take over control before they are aware of the driving environment or potential threat(s). Thus, it cannot be assumed that drivers are ready to respond to events shortly after the take-over request. Application It is important to consider the effect of the design of take-over requests on drivers’ visual attention alongside take-over times.
Trust in Shared-Space Collaborative Robots: Shedding Light on the Human Brain
Authors: Hopko Sarah K. , Mehta Ranjana K. 
Published: June 2022

Background Industry 4.0 is currently underway allowing for improved manufacturing processes that leverage the collective advantages of human and robot agents. Consideration of trust can improve the quality and safety in such shared-space human-robot collaboration environments. Objective The use of physiological response to monitor and understand trust is currently limited due to a lack of knowledge on physiological indicators of trust. This study examines neural responses to trust within a shared-workcell human-robot collaboration task as well as discusses the use of granular and multimodal perspectives to study trust. Methods Sixteen sex-balanced participants completed a surface finishing task in collaboration with a UR10 collaborative robot. All participants underwent robot reliability conditions and robot assistance level conditions. Brain activation and connectivity using functional near infrared spectroscopy, subjective responses, and performance were measured throughout the study. Results Significantly, increased neural activation was observed in response to faulty robot behavior within the medial and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (PFC). A similar trend was observed for the anterior PFC, primary motor cortex, and primary visual cortex. Faulty robot behavior also resulted in reduced functional connectivity strengths throughout the brain. Discussion These findings implicate regions in the prefrontal cortex along with specific connectivity patterns as signifiers of distrusting conditions. The neural response may be indicative of how trust is influenced, measured, and manifested for human-robot collaboration that requires active teaming. Application Neuroergonomic response metrics can reveal new perspectives on trust in automation that subjective responses alone are not able to provide.
Revealed Comparative Advantage in Services Exports: How Is India Different from China?
Authors: Banerjee Purna , Rajmal  
Published: June 2022

In recent years, India has become one of the select few emerging economies to feature in the list of the world’s top services exporters. However, given similarities in demography, resource endowments and comparable shares in world services exports, India faces potential competition from China in this sector. Using a theoretically founded, regression-based measure of revealed comparative advantage, we contrast India’s revealed comparative advantage vis-à-vis China in disaggregated services sectors between 2005 and 2018. India, we find, has a comparative advantage in sectors, such as ‘telecommunications, computer, and information services’ and ‘other business services’. However, China’s advantage lies in ‘manufacturing services’ and ‘transport’. Notably, the sectors of India’s comparative advantage are also the sunrise sectors within services, displaying high growth rates and an increasing share in world services trade. A related measure—the trade elasticity index—reveals that, due to sectoral differences in comparative advantage, China does not pose a major threat to India in most of the latter’s major export destinations. Our finding implies that even if China were to enter free trade agreements with India’s major services export partners, the trade diversion losses for India would be small. JEL Codes: F11, F14
Effect of the spark plasma sintering temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a ceramic/metallic glass reinforced hybrid composite
Authors: Rezaei MR , Albooyeh A , Chachei R , Malahi P 
Published: June 2022

In this investigation, hybrid aluminum matrix composites reinforced with Fe-based metallic glass (FMG) and SiC particles were synthesized using spark plasma sintering (SPS) at different sintering temperatures. The effects of sintering temperature on densification, phases, microstructure, and mechanical properties of the composites were evaluated. The findings indicate that the density of the sintered samples improved with increasing the sintering temperature. The X-ray diffraction results showed no remarkable difference in the phases of the samples sintered at different temperatures; only some small structural changes occurred in the metallic glass reinforcements. The sintering temperature had a significant effect on mechanical properties. For example, the hybrid aluminum matrix composite reinforced with 3 vol% FMG and 7 vol% SiC sintered at 550°C exhibited the ultimate compressive strength of 494 MPa, which is about 47% higher than the same composite sintered at 450°C.
Investigation of physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of glass fiber reinforced polymer composites strengthened with KH550 and KH570 silane-coated silicon dioxide nanoparticles
Authors: Uzay Çağrı 
Published: June 2022

Silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanoparticles can be used as reinforcing material for composites due to their favorable characteristics. However, they are commonly subjected to surface treatments with silane coupling agents to achieve fine dispersibility and better mechanical interlocking at interface. In this study, the silane-coated SiO2 nanoparticles (as received) were used as secondary reinforcement without applying additional silane treatment process. KH550 and KH570 silane-coated SiO2 nanoparticles were dispersed, respectively, into polymer matrix, and then the modified matrix was reinforced with glass fibers. Silanized SiO2 filled glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) nanocomposites were investigated for physical, mechanical, morphological, and thermal properties. Depending on the nanoparticles' ratio and silane coating, the increments were obtained till 10% for tensile strength, between 18.40% and 75.26% for flexural strength, and till 81% for impact strength. SEM confirmed that the enhancements could be attributed to the improved interfacial adhesion between the modified matrix and fiber reinforcements. The void contents within the polymer nanocomposites decreased by 38%–54% compared to a pure one. DSC and TGA examinations revealed that silanized SiO2 nanoparticles provided a better curing behavior (10% increase in Tg for 3 wt.% KH550-SiO2) and improved thermal stability for the GFRP composites (increase in Tend values by 50–70°C). Generally, KH550 silane-coated SiO2 has provided enhanced interface strengthening, leading to better characteristics for GFRP composites since the amino functional groups contained in KH550 have more favorable integration with epoxy matrix.
How the Senior Community Service Employment Program Influences Participant Well-Being: A Participatory Research Approach With Program Recommendations
Authors: Halvorsen Cal J. , Werner Kelsey , McColloch Elizabeth , Yulikova Olga 
Published: June 2022

The federal Senior Community Service Employment Program (SCSEP) provides on-the-job training to people 55 years and older with incomes at or below 125% of the federal poverty level with multiple barriers to employment. This study examined the processes by which SCSEP may influence participant financial, physical, and mental well-being. We engaged 15 SCSEP participants and case managers over four virtual and one telephone session using a participatory research method called community-based system dynamics. Activities included identifying key problem trends, variable elicitation, developing a causal map, and identifying changes to the system to increase participant well-being. Respondents identified how individual, organizational, and program and policy factors relate to participant well-being (e.g., SCSEP participation reduces social isolation, which increases desire to participate) and suggested program and policy recommendations to strengthen SCSEP (e.g., benchmarks of success should include health and well-being outcomes). These findings highlight the benefits and potential of this long-running program.