bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatoprotective Activity of Methanolic Extract of Leaves Parts of Chenopodium Album Linn on Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Hepatotoxicity in Waster Rats.
Authors: Jain Himanshu , Sharma Yogesh Kumar 
Published: April 2022

The liver is among the most complex and important organ in the human body. Its primary function is to control the flow and safety of substances absorbed from the digestive system before distribution of these substances to the systemic circulatory system. Carbon tetra chloride is well- known hepatotoxin which is widely used to induce hepatotoxicity in laboratory animals. Chenopodium album Linn also known as frost Bilte, Pigweed (Canada), found to have antipruritic and antinociceptic, sperm immoblizing agent, cryptomeridiol and 8- alpha-acetoxycryryptomeridiol as growth promoting activity, (patak and pandey) Chenopodium album has reported hepatoprotective activity, antifungal, antihelminitic, contraceptive, antipyretic and antinoceipetive activity. The present study was aimed to investigate hepatoprotective activity of alcoholic extract of leaves parts of Chenopodium album Linn on carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in waster rats. The leaves of plant was dried under shed and then powdered. The Powder was packed into a Soxhlet apparatus, extract was concentrated in steam bath till the complete evaporation of the solvent. Administration of Carbon tetra chloride subcutanously (SC) in the lower abdomen, in a suspension of liq. paraffin (LP, 1:1 v\v) at the dose of 1ml\kg B.W. on alternate days of week showed significant increase in SGOT and SGPT. Methanol extract of Chenopodium album Linn. at dose of 200mg\kg B.W. P.O. (Group III) in a carbon tetra chloride treated groups cause significant decrease in SGOT and SGPT. Result of biochemical parameters of Chenopodium album Linn. (400 mg\kg B.W. P. O.), showed significantly arrestedin in rise of level of SGOT, SGPT was found in group IV. The standard drug Liv2R showed significant reduction in all parameters when compared to CCl4 treated groups. This study concluded that methanolic extract of Chenopodium album Linn. has hepatotprotective effect in CCl4 induced liver damage. This effect is evident especially with high dose of Chenopodium album Linn. (400 mg\kg B.W. p.o) because it caused drastic fall in serum markers as compared to other doses of Doses of Chenopodium Album Linn.
Abbreviations- serum glutamate oxaloacetatae transaminase (SGOT) and serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT)
Keywords- Chenopodium album Linn., methanolic extract, carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), hepatotoxicity
Gentamicin nanogel films based on Carrageenan-Prosopis africana for improved wound healing
Authors: Nnamani Petra , Ogechukwu Nnadi , Odo Amelia , Abimibola Victoria , Ugwu Agatha , Ibezim Emmanuel , Ogbonna John-Dike , Ajogu Ebere , Onoja Simon , Adikwu Michael , Lehr Claus-Michael , Attama Anthony 
Published: April 2022

<img src=” https://s3.amazonaws.com/production.scholastica/article/35438/large/prnano_722021ga.jpg?1651243768”> Dermal injuries (e. g., trauma, surgical incisions, and burns) are burdensome health care issues in the world. The delayed healing process can be caused by aerobic and anaerobic bacteria infections, including Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus and Enterococcus species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Peptostreptococcus, and Coliforms. Therefore, reduction of bacterial burden to an acceptable level promotes healing. The rationale for this innovative wound dressing relies on good hydration as the single most important external factor responsible for optimal wound healing. Objective: To study the wound healing potential of GEN nanogel films based on natural polymers using carrageenan (CAR) and Prosopis africana (PRO), a local African plant. Method: Nanogel dispersions and films were characterized by their physical and technological properties, microenvironment, Zeta sizer, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, FTIR spectroscopy, in vitro drug release, and efficacy of wound healing in the rat in a full-thickness excisional model. Results: GEN was dispersed in the polymers, with PROGEN films appearing smoother than CARGEN. Wound closure rate was 88, 76, and 72 % with PROGEN, CARGEN, and GENTA cream, respectively, whereas drug release was sustained in the order of PROGEN (~99 % at 8 h), CARGEN (83 % at 10 h), and pure GENTA powder (81% at 1 h). Topical administration of GEN nanogel-films significantly accelerated (< 15 days) wound closure with no scabbing observed compared to the commercial GENTA cream used. Conclusion: GEN-loaded PROGEN and/or CARGEN films have the potential for developing an improved and affordable topical treatment for cutaneous wound healing.
The effectiveness of the use of fifth-generation adhesive systems if changing the protocol before and after thermal cycling
Authors: Khaskhanova L. M. , Razumova S. N. , Brago A. S. , Bragunova R. M. , Guryeva Z. A. , Razumov N. M. 
Published: April 2022

Fifth-generation adhesives are very popular in daily clinical practice. They have reduced number of components by combining a primer and an adhesive in a «single bottle». These adhesives have become more popular due to the reduction of application stages, but their adhesion strength to dentin turned out to be worse than that of the fourth-generation adhesives. The main mechanisms of adhesion of any dental material: moistening of the surface, micromechanical adhesion, chemical adhesion.Aim. To evaluate the bond strength of tooth tissues with the filling material using different fifth-generation adhesive protocols.Materials and methods. We used the 40 exctracted teeth due to orthodontic indications (molars and premolars). In preparation for the experiment the teeth were randomly divided into 2 equal groups according to the number of adhesive protocols used: control and main. The teeth surfaces (n=20) of the control group were treated according to the instructions, the surface treatment with a moistening agent was added to the protocol of teeth surfaces (n=20) in the main group before applying the adhesive. After curing of the adhesive a 3×3 steel detachable cylindrical mold was installed on the surface of the samples (n=40) of both groups filled with a composite paste. The prepared samples of the control (n=10) and main (n=10) groups of 2 subgroups were subjected to thousands (1000s) thermocycles with a temperature of (5±2) °C and (60±2) °C. Tests of the adhesive shear bond strength of the prepared (n=40) samples of the control (n=20) and main (n=20) groups before and after thermocycling were carried out on a universal testing machine SYNTHEZ 5.Conclusion: Thermocycling provides the reliable adhesion but reduces the adhesive strength of the filling material with hard tissues of the tooth. Adding of moisturizing agent into the protocol leads to a decrease in the adhesion strength up to 15% compared to 7% in protocol without it.
Functional Ovarian Cysts in Artificial Frozen-Thawed Embryo Transfer Cycles With Depot Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist
Authors: Ji Hui , Su Yan , Zhang Mianqiu , Li Xin , Li Xiuling , Ding Hui , Dong Li , Cao Shanren , Zhao Chun , Zhang Junqiang , Shen Rong , Ling Xiufeng 
Published: April 2022

ObjectivesTo investigate the incidence of functional ovarian cysts, its influence on clinical rates, and proper management after depot gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist pretreatment in artificial frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles (AC-FET).MethodsThis retrospective cohort study involved 3375 AC-FET cycles with follicular-phase depot GnRH agonist administration between January 2017 and December 2020. Subjects were divided into a study group (cycles with cyst formation) and a control group (cycles without cyst formation). The study group was matched by propensity scoring matching with the control group at a ratio of 1:2. For patients with ovarian cyst formation, two major managements were used: a conservative approach (i.e., expectant treatment) and a drug approach (i.e., continued agonist administration). The primary outcome was live birth rate (LBR).ResultsThe incidence of functional ovarian cysts following pituitary downregulation is 10.1% (341/3375). The study group exhibited a LBR similar to the control group (54.5% vs. 50.1%, adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.88–1.56, P = 0.274). Patients with a lower body mass index and anti-Müllerian hormone, and a higher basal estradiol level were more susceptible to developing functional ovarian cysts. The LBR decreased after the drug approach compared with the conservative approach, but not significantly (aOR 0.63, 95% CI 0.35–1.14, P = 0.125). Following the conservative approach, cycles arrived at live births had a significantly shorter duration from the detection of functional cysts to the start of endometrium preparation (15.7 ± 5.1 days vs. 17.4 ± 5.3 days, P = 0.009) and a significantly higher proportion of ovarian cysts on the initial day of exogenous hormone supplementation (51.4% vs. 30.3%, P = 0.001). After controlling for all confounders, the differences remained statistically significant.ConclusionsIt is unnecessary to cancel cycles that experience functional ovarian cyst formation. Conservative management and further agonist suppression protocol had similar pregnancy rates. However, a conservative approach was recommended due to its lower cost and fewer side effects. Our findings support a shorter waiting period when choosing the conservative protocol.
Association Between Iron Metabolism and Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Patients With Diabetes
Authors: Mo Manqiu , Gao Yunqing , Deng Ling , Liang Yuzhen , Xia Ning , Pan Ling 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveIron overload plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes and acute kidney injury (AKI). The aim of this present study was to explore the relationship between iron metabolism and AKI in patients with diabetes.MethodsThe clinical data of diabetes patients from MIMIC-III database in intensive care unit (ICU) were retrospectively analyzed. Regression analyses were used to explore the risk factors of AKI and all-cause death in critical patients with diabetes. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROCs) were used to analyze serum ferritin (SF), and regression model to predict AKI in critical patients with diabetes. All diabetes patients were followed up for survival at 6 months, and Kaplan–Meier curves were used to compare the survival rate in patients with different SF levels.ResultsA total of 4,997 diabetic patients in ICU were enrolled, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.37:1 and a mean age of 66.87 ± 12.74 years. There were 1,637 patients in the AKI group (32.8%) and 3,360 patients in the non-AKI group. Multivariate logistic regression showed that congestive heart failure (OR = 2.111, 95% CI = 1.320–3.376), serum creatinine (OR = 1.342, 95% CI = 1.192–1.512), Oxford Acute Severity of Illness Score (OR = 1.075, 95% CI = 1.045–1.106), increased SF (OR = 1.002, 95% CI = 1.001–1.003), and decreased transferrin (OR = 0.993, 95% CI = 0.989–0.998) were independent risk factors for AKI in critical patients with diabetes. Multivariate Cox regression showed that advanced age (OR = 1.031, 95% CI = 1.025–1.037), AKI (OR = 1.197, 95% CI = 1.011–1.417), increased Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (OR = 1.055, 95% CI = 1.032–1.078), and increased SF (OR = 1.380, 95% CI = 1.038–1.835) were independent risk factors for 6-month all-cause death in critical diabetic patients. The AUROCs of SF and the regression model to predict AKI in critical patients with diabetes were 0.782 and 0.851, respectively. The Kaplan–Meier curve showed that the 6-month survival rate in SF-increased group was lower than that in SF-normal group (log-rank χ2 = 16.989, P &lt; 0.001).ConclusionCritically ill diabetic patients with AKI were easily complicated with abnormal iron metabolism. Increase of SF is an important risk factor for AKI and all-cause death in critically ill patients with diabetes.
Healthy Eating Index Scores, Body Mass Index and Abdominal Obesity Among Asian Americans: NHANES 2011–2018
Authors: Thomas Deena B. , Leak Tashara M. 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveObesity rates are increasing among Asian Americans so, the objective of this study was to examine associations between Healthy Eating Index scores (a measure of adherence to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGAs)) and body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (measure of abdominal obesity) among Asian American adults.MethodsIncluded in these analyses were Asian Americans ≥20 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011–18) who had: (1) two 24 h diet recalls to calculate HEI and HEI subcomponent scores, (2) height and weight data to calculate BMI overweight ≥25 kg/m2 and obese ≥ 30kg/m (2), and (3) waist circumference data (high risk ≥ 80 cm for women and ≥ 90 cm for men; n = 1024 women and n = 904 men). Multinomial logistic regression models were run with BMI as the outcome and logistic regression models were run with waist circumference as the outcome, controlling for age, income, marital status, education, and physical activity.ResultsAmong women, a diet with greater adherence to the DGAs for total fruit, fatty acids and total protein was associated with lower likelihood of developing obesity, but a diet with greater adherence to the DGAs in terms of whole grains and sodium (i.e., lower sodium intake) was associated with a higher likelihood of obesity. Among men, greater adherence to the DGAs for fatty acids was associated with a lower likelihood of obesity but greater adherence to the DGAs in terms of whole grains and sodium (i.e., lower sodium intake) was associated with a greater likelihood of obesity.ConclusionsFuture research is needed to examine associations between consumption of specific foods and beverages and how they are associated with BMI and waist circumference among Asian American adults. Furthermore, there is a need culturally relevant obesity prevention interventions for Asian American adults, especially interventions that take into consideration cultural food norms of specific Asian American subgroups.
Survival Prognosis, Tumor Immune Landscape, and Immune Responses of ADAMTS14 in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma and Its Potential Mechanisms
Authors: Chen Yinhao , Ji Hao , Liu Shouyong , Xing Qianwei , Zhu Bingye , Wang Yi 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundADAMTS14 played a crucial role in the formation and development of various cancers. Currently, no associations had been revealed between ADAMTS14 and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Hence, this study was designed to assess the prognostic values and immunological roles of ADAMTS14 in ccRCC and to reveal its potential mechanisms.MethodsADAMTS14-related expression profiles and related clinical data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset, validated by the ICGC dataset, qRT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry. We utilized gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) to find potentially ADAMTS14-related pathways and applied univariate/multivariate Cox regression analyses to identify independent factors significantly related to overall survival (OS) for ccRCC. A nomogram consisted of independent prognostic factors was also conducted. We further explored the associations between ADAMTS14 with immunity and revealed its potential mechanisms.ResultsADAMTS14 displayed a higher expression in ccRCC tumor than in adjacent normal tissues, and further validated results of the ICGC dataset; qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry remained consistent (all p &lt; 0.05). Moreover, elevated ADAMTS14 expression was significantly associated with poor OS (p &lt; 0.001). Through univariate/multivariate Cox regression analyses, ADAMTS14 was found to be an independent prognostic factor for ccRCC (both p &lt; 0.05) and GSEA identified several signaling pathways including INSULIN, MTOR, and PPAR pathways. The nomogram based on independent prognostic factors was successfully established and well evaluated. Moreover, the expression of ADAMTS14 was remarkably associated with immune checkpoint molecules, tumor mutational burden (TMB), immune cells, and tumor immune microenvironment (all p &lt; 0.05). Results from TIDE and TCIA showed that highly expressed ADAMTS14 could predict worse efficacy of immunotherapy (all p &lt; 0.05). As for its potential mechanisms, we also revealed several LncRNA/RNA binding protein (RBP)/ADAMTS14 mRNA networks.ConclusionsADAMTS14 was found to play oncogenic roles in ccRCC and to be significantly associated with immunity. Several LncRNA/RBP/ADAMTS14 mRNA networks were also identified for its potential mechanisms.
m6A Regulator-Mediated Tumour Infiltration and Methylation Modification in Cervical Cancer Microenvironment
Authors: Zhang Wenyi , Xiao Pei , Tang Jiayi , Wang Rui , Wang Xiangdong , Wang Fengxu , Ruan Junpu , Yu Shali , Tang Juan , Huang Rongrong , Zhao Xinyuan 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundN6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant internal mRNA modification in eukaryotic cells. There is accumulating evidence that m6A methylation can play a significant role in the early diagnosis and treatment of cancers. However, the mechanism underlying the involvement of m6A in cervical cancer remains unclear.MethodsHere, we examined the m6A modification patterns of immune cells in the tumour microenvironments (TMEs) of 306 patients with cervical cancer from The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset and analysed the relations between them according to 32 m6A regulators. Immune infiltration in the TME of cervical cancer was analysed using the CIBERSORT algorithm and single-sample gene set enrichment analysis. The m6Ascore was structured though principal component analysis.ResultsTwo different m6A modification patterns were detected in 306 patients with cervical cancer, designated as m6Acluster A and B. The immune cell infiltration characteristics and biological behaviour differed between the two patterns, with m6Acluster A showing a higher level of immune infiltration. The samples were also divided into two genomic subtypes according to 114 m6A regulatory genes shown to be closely correlated with prognosis on univariate Cox regression analysis. Survival analysis showed that gene cluster B was related to better survival than gene cluster A. Most of the m6A regulators showed higher expression in gene cluster B than in gene cluster A. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis indicated a higher level of immune cell infiltration in gene cluster A. The m6Ascore signature was examined to determine the m6A modification patterns in cervical cancer. Patients with a high m6Ascore showed better survival, while the low m6Ascore group had a higher mutation frequency and better response to treatment.ConclusionsThis study showed that m6A modification patterns play important roles in cervical cancer. Analysis of m6A modification patterns will yield an improved understanding of the TME in cervical cancer, and facilitate the development of better immunotherapy strategies.
Evaluation of Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses to the SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Patients With Common Variable Immunodeficiency Phenotype and Patient Receiving B-Cell Depletion Therapy
Authors: Antolí Arnau , Rocamora-Blanch Gemma , Framil Mario , Mas-Bosch Virgínia , Navarro Sergio , Bermudez Carla , Martinez-Yelamos Sergio , Dopico Eva , Calatayud Laura , Garcia-Muñoz Nadia , Hernández-Benítez Luis Humberto , Riera-Mestre Antoni , Bas Jordi , Masuet-Aumatell Cristina , Rigo-Bonnin Raúl , Morandeira Francisco , Solanich Xavier 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionSARS-CoV-2 vaccines’ effectiveness is not yet clearly known in immunocompromised patients. This study aims to assess the humoral and cellular specific immune response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and the predictors of poor response in patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) phenotype and in patients treated with B-cell depletion therapies (BCDT), as well as the safety of these vaccines.MethodsFrom March to September 2021, we performed a prospective study of all adult patients who would receive the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and were previously diagnosed with (i) a CVID syndrome (CVID phenotype group; n=28) or (ii) multiple sclerosis (MS) treated with B-cell depleting therapies three to six months before vaccination (BCD group; n=24). Participants with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection; or prior SARS-CoV-2 vaccine administration; or use of any immunosuppressant (except BCDT in MS group) were excluded. A group of subjects without any medical condition that confers immunosuppression and who met all study criteria was also assessed (control group; n=14). A chemiluminescence immunoassay was used to determine pre- and post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine anti-S IgG antibodies. T-cell specific response was assessed by analysis of pre- and post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination blood samples with an interferon-gamma release assay. The baseline blood sample also included several biochemical, haematological and immunological analyses.ResultsSARS-CoV-2 vaccines are safe in immunocompromised patients, although their effectiveness was lower than in healthy individuals. CVID phenotype patients showed impaired humoral (29%) and cellular (29%) response, while BCD patients fundamentally presented humoral failure (54%). Low IgA values, low CD19+ peripheral B cells, low switched memory B cells, and a low CD4+/CD8+ ratio were predictors of inadequate specific antibody response in CVID phenotype patients. No factor was found to predict poor cellular response in CVID phenotype patients, nor a defective humoral or cellular response in BCD patients.ConclusionThe effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in CVID phenotype and BCD patients is lower than in healthy individuals. Knowledge of predictive factors of humoral and cellular response failure in immunocompromised patients could be very useful in clinical practice, and thus, studies in this regard are clearly needed.