bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vitamin D metabolism in living kidney donors before and after organ donation
Authors: Enko Dietmar , Meinitzer Andreas , Zelzer Sieglinde , Herrmann Markus , Artinger Katharina , Rosenkranz Alexander R. , Zitta Sabine 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Living kidney donors provide a unique setting to study functional and metabolic consequences after organ donation. Since the lack of data of the homoeostasis of numerous vitamin D metabolites in these healthy subjects, the aim of this study was to assess the vitamin D metabolism before and after kidney donation.

Methods
We investigated the 25-dihydroxyvitamin D2 (25[OH]D2), 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (25[OH]D3), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25[OH]2D3), 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (24,25[OH]2D3), 25,26-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (25,26[OH]2D3), and the native vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) and vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) in a well characterized study cohort of 32 healthy living kidney donors before and after organ donation.

Results
Thirty-two healthy subjects after kidney donation had significantly lower median (interquartile range) 1,25(OH)2D3 serum concentrations (88.6 [62.6–118.8] vs. 138.0 [102.6–152.4] pmol/L, p<0.001) and significantly higher median 25(OH)D2 serum levels (1.80 [1.19–2.19] vs. 1.11 [0.74–1.59] nmol/L, p=0.019) than before donation. Similar serum concentrations of 25(OH)D3 and 25,26(OH)2D3 were observed before and after donation. The 24,25(OH)2D3 blood levels distinctly decreased after organ donation (4.1 [2.3–5.3] vs. 5.3 [2.2–6.9] nmol/L, p=0.153). Native vitamin D2 (0.10 [0.08–0.14] vs. 0.08 [0.06–0.12] nmol/L, p=0.275) was slightly increased and vitamin D3 (1.6 [0.6–7.2] vs. 2.5 [0.9–8.6] nmol/L, p=0.957) decreased after kidney donation.

Conclusions
Living kidney donors were found with decreased 1,25(OH)2D3 and 24,25(OH)2D3, increased 25(OH)D2 and consistent 25(OH)D3 and 25,26(OH)2D3 serum concentrations after organ donation. The current study advances the understanding on vitamin D metabolism suggesting that altered hydroxylase-activities after donation is accompanied by compensatory elevated dietary-related 25(OH)D2 blood concentrations.
Novel multilayer antenna array with metamaterial structures for 5G applications
Authors: Jadidi Iman , Honarvar Mohammad Amin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a 2×2 multi-layer array antenna based on the metamaterial concept is proposed at 28 GHz for 5-Generation (5G) applications. The feed network is designed in the first layer. This network feeds the rectangular patch located in the first layer using four shorted-pins (SPs). To realize the metamaterial environment, a novel unit-cell was designed. In the first layer between the two dielectrics, 2 unit-cell rows are used. In the second layer and adjacent to the patches, 4 rows of metamaterial unit-cells are loaded. Each of the metamaterial rows contains 6 unit-cells. As such, the antenna gain has increased more than 10 dB from the prototype without any metamaterial structures. The final dimensions of the proposed array antenna are 30×35.2×0.508 mm3. To prove the design, the proposed antenna was fabricated. The simulated and measured maximum gain at 28 GHz are 18.28 and 17.91 dB, respectively.
Place uniformity and drift in the Suzhounese fricative and apical vowels
Authors: Faytak Matthew 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSuzhounese exhibits an unusual place anteriority contrast between rounded and unrounded dorso-palatal high front vowels, postalveolar fricative vowels, and apico-alveolar apical vowels. This arrangement is vulnerable to loss under intensifying contact with Standard Mandarin. Using acoustic and tongue ultrasound data, we investigated the phonetic implementation of place in the Suzhounese fricative and apical vowels and the similarity of place targets with the apico-alveolar and alveolo-palatal fricative consonants /s/ and /ɕ/, and the front vowel /i/. Two age cohorts differing in their acquisition history and usage of Standard Mandarin were investigated. The younger cohort, who had earlier and likely more intense exposure to Standard Mandarin, exhibited a subphonemic shift in the fricative vowels toward less anterior, more /i/-like constrictions. Due to this shift, implementation of place targets among vowels and consonants was less uniform for the younger cohort, particularly in acoustic terms, but articulatory target uniformity among the vowels at each place was robust for both cohorts regardless of the degree of shift. We discuss possible contact-based mechanisms for the observed changes, as well as implications of the observed interactions between L1–L2 transfer and L1-internal structural cohesion.
Primat und Synodalität neu gedacht, oder Mut zur Utopie
Authors: Briskina-Müller Anna 
Published: May 2022

Zusammenfassung
2018 erschien die innovative Studie des Gemeinsamen orthodox-katholischen Arbeitskreises St. Irenäus zum Verhältnis von Primat und Synodalität. Es ist offensichtlich, dass diese Frage nicht nur für die aktuelle Debatte innerhalb der Römisch-katholischen Kirche von großer Bedeutung ist, sondern auch für die innerorthodoxen Konflikte der Gegenwart zunehmend an Gewicht gewinnt. Der Artikel geht auf einzelne Schlussfolgerungen der Studie aus dieser zweifachen Perspektive ein.
Legal aspects of newborn screening
Authors: Rosenau Henning , Steffen Felicia 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Newborn screening is used for the early detection of diseases in newborns and enables rapid intervention to prevent serious consequences, including infant death. Since the Genetic Diagnostics Act came into force in 2010, the rules of the Act have applied to newborn screening. Over the years since the Act came into force, some legal issues have been resolved, but new legal aspects have also arisen for which the Act does not yet provide a solution.
Population-based screening in children for early diagnosis and treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia: design of the VRONI study
Authors: Sanin Veronika , Schmieder Raphael , Ates Sara , Schlieben Lea Dewi , Wiehler Jens , Sun Ruoyu , Decker Manuela , Sander Michaela , Holdenrieder Stefan , Kohlmayer Florian , Friedmann Anna , Mall Volker , Feiler Therese , Dreßler Arne , Strom Tim M. , Prokisch Holger , Meitinger Thomas , von Scheidt Moritz , Koenig Wolfgang , Leipold Georg , Schunkert Heribert 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is the most frequent monogenic disorder (prevalence 1:250) in the general population. Early diagnosis during childhood enables pre-emptive treatment, thus reducing the risk of severe atherosclerotic manifestations later in life. Nonetheless, FH screening programs are scarce.
VRONI offers all children aged 5–14 years in Bavaria a FH screening in the context of regular pediatric visits. LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) is measured centrally, followed by genetic analysis for FH if exceeding the age-specific 95th percentile (130 mg/dl, 3.34 mmol/l). Children with FH pathogenic variants are treated by specialized pediatricians and offered a FH-focused training course by a qualified training center. Reverse cascade screening is recommended for all first-degree relatives.
VRONI aims to prove the feasibility of a population-based FH screening in children and to lay the foundation for a nationwide screening program.
Crystal structure of 1,2-bis(4,5-dinitro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)ethane, C8H6N8O8
Authors: Yong Wang , Bingheng Wu , Jun Yuan , Duanlin Cao , Jianlong Wang , Lizhen Chen 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
C8H6N8O8, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 6.7563(9) Å, b = 7.2512(12) Å, c = 25.884(3) Å, V = 1268.1(3) Å3, β = 90°, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0473, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1170, T = 170 K.
PVDF green nanofibers as potential carriers for improving self-healing and mechanical properties of carbon fiber/epoxy prepregs
Authors: Naga Kumar C. , Prabhakar M. N. , Jung-il Song 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The novel aligned polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) green core–shell nanofibers were reinforced to carbon fiber/epoxy prepregs and were manufactured through the vacuum bagging technique. Aligned nanofibers were achieved by suspending a grounded needle between the nozzle and the collector of electrospinning. The self-healing properties were tested through a periodic three-point bending test at an interval of 24 h at room temperature. The healing behavior was further confirmed through field-emission scanning electron microscopy coupled with dispersion X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and an electrical conductivity test. The self-healing prepregs (1038.42 MPa) regained 66% of their original strength (1577.85 MPa) after the initial damage. EDX analysis confirmed the elements of the resin (VE (C, O)) and hardener (MEKP (C, O), CN (C, O, Co)) from the ruptured healing carriers. The damaged carbon prepregs healed by showing electrical conductivity of around 83%. The mechanical properties of self-healing composites were tested by tensile, flexural, and Izod impact tests and showed an increment in both flexural (7–12%) and impact strength (5–7%) with the addition of nanofibers. Overall, the research findings provided a design of eco-friendly carriers for carbon fiber-reinforced composites to obtain decent self-healing properties without deteriorating the mechanical strength.
Voltage regulation and power-saving method of asynchronous motor based on fuzzy control theory
Authors: Guo Chunjing 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The load rate of asynchronous motors is low, the operation efficiency is low, and the waste of electric energy is very serious. Therefore, a voltage regulation and electricity saving method for asynchronous motors based on fuzzy control theory is proposed. According to the principle of voltage regulation and power saving of asynchronous motor, the stator current and its variation of are selected as input variables, the deviation of current variation is selected as output variable, and a two-dimensional fuzzy control algorithm model is constructed. Fuzzy control theory is used for voltage regulation and power saving of asynchronous motors. The simulation results show that the proposed method is based on fuzzy control theory for voltage regulation and electricity saving of asynchronous motors; after the voltage regulation and electricity saving control, the phase current of the motor is lower, and the active power and reactive power of the motor are reduced. The power factor of the motor is higher, and the power-saving effect is remarkable.
We mind your step: understanding and preventing drop-out in the transfer from paediatric to adult tertiary endocrine healthcare
Authors: Davidse Kirsten , van Staa Anneloes , Geilvoet Wanda , van Eck Judith P , Pellikaan Karlijn , Baan Janneke , Hokken-Koelega Anita C S , van den Akker Erica L T , Sas Theo , Hannema Sabine E , van der Lely Aart Jan , de Graaff Laura C G 
Published: May 2022

Introduction
Transition from paediatric to adult endocrinology can be challenging for adolescents, their families and healthcare professionals. Previous studies have shown that up to 25% of young adults with endocrine disorders are lost to follow-up after moving out of paediatric care. This poses a health risk for young adults, which can lead to serious and expensive medical acute and long-term complications.

Methods
In order to understand and prevent dropout, we studied electronic medical records of patients with endocrine disorders. These patients were over 15 years old when they attended the paediatric endocrine outpatient clinic (OPC) of our hospital in 2013–2014 and should have made the transfer to adult care at the time of the study.

Results
Of 387 adolescents, 131 had an indication for adult follow-up within our university hospital. Thirty-three (25%) were lost to follow-up. In 24 of them (73%), the invitation for the adult OPC had never been sent. We describe the failures in logistic processes that eventually led to dropout in these patients.

Conclusion
We found a 25% dropout during transfer from paediatric to adult tertiary endocrine care. Of all dropouts, 73% could be attributed to the failure of logistic steps. In order to prevent these dropouts, we provide practical recommendations for patients and paediatric and adult endocrinologists.
Improvement in thyroid ultrasound report quality with radiologists’ adherence to 2015 ATA or 2017 TIRADS: a population study
Authors: Hu X Y , Wu J , Seal P , Ghaznavi S A , Symonds C , Kinnear S , Paschke R 
Published: May 2022

Objectives
There has been slow adoption of thyroid ultrasound guidelines with adherence rates as low as 30% and no population-based studies investigating adherence to guideline-based malignancy risk assessment. We therefore evaluated the impact of adherence to the 2015 ATA guidelines or 2017 ACR-TIRADS guidelines on the quality of thyroid ultrasound reports in our healthcare region.

Methods
We reviewed 899 thyroid ultrasound reports of patients who received fine-needle aspiration biopsy and were diagnosed with Bethesda III or IV nodules or thyroid cancer. Ultrasounds were reported by radiology group 1, group 2, or other groups, and were divided into pre-2018 (before guideline adherence) or 2018 onwards. Reports were given a utility score (0–6) based on how many relevant nodule characteristics were included.

Results
Group 1 had a pre-2018 utility score of 3.62 and 39.4% classification reporting rate, improving to 5.77 and 97.0% among 2018-onwards reports. Group 2 had a pre-2018 score of 2.8 and reporting rate of 11.5%, improving to 5.58 and 93.3%. Other radiology groups had a pre-2018 score of 2.49 and reporting rate of 32.2%, improving to 3.28 and 61.8%. Groups 1 and 2 had significantly higher utility scores and reporting rates in their 2018-onward reports when compared to other groups’ 2018-onward reports, pre-2018 group 1 reports, and pre-2018 group 2 reports.

Conclusions
Dedicated adherence to published thyroid ultrasound reporting guidelines can lead to improvements in report quality. This will reduce diagnostic ambiguity and improve clinician’s decision-making, leading to overall reductions in unnecessary FNA biopsy and diagnostic surgery.
Metabolism of fatty acids in follicular cells, oocytes, and blastocysts
Authors: Shi Meihong , Sirard Marc-André 
Published: May 2022

Fatty acids (FA) are one of the substrates that can be oxidized for energy production. The blood concentration of all types of FA varies according to different nutrition conditions, and follicular fluid levels are generally in line with serum levels. Elevated levels of FA, especially non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), are commonly found in females with metabolic issues, which are often related to subfertility in many species including humans, pigs, cattle, and mice. Long-time exposure to an excessive quantity of fatty acids impairs the cell structure and functions causing injuries in tissues and organs, resulting in lipotoxicity and eventually hampering health and fertility. High levels of saturated NEFA can have detrimental effects on granulosa cells, oocyte quality, and embryo development. Although the harmful effects of FA are established in reproductive tissues, how granulosa cells and cumulus cells respond and cooperate with oocytes when exposed to NEFA requires further understanding. This review provides a summary of the adverse impacts of exposure to NEFA during in vitro maturation on oocytes, follicular cells, and embryos. A comprehensive understanding of the effects of NEFA on oocytes in vitro would improve our understanding of the impacts of natural exposure in vivo.

Lay summary
Exposure to excess FAs affects the health of eggs, early embryos, and children born from these. The way different cell types react to excess FAs has not been studied very extensively, especially in pigs which provide a good model to investigate the impact of nutrition on the ovaries in humans. This review also looks at the way cells surrounding the egg react to FAs to help our understanding of the impact of excess fatty acids on female fertility.
Three-dimensional analysis and in vivo imaging for sperm release and transport in the murine seminiferous tubule
Authors: Kanazawa Yuta , Omotehara Takuya , Nakata Hiroki , Hirashima Tsuyoshi , Itoh Masahiro 
Published: May 2022

In Brief
Spermatozoa are released from Sertoli cells and flow in the seminiferous tubule to the rete testis. Our results suggest that the luminal flow in the tubules is repeatedly reversed and that this physical force helps spermatozoa release from the Sertoli cells.

Abstract
Spermatozoa released from Sertoli cells must be transported to the epididymis. However, the mechanism of the luminal flow in seminiferous tubules has remained unclear to date. Therefore, in this study, we investigated luminal flow and movements in the seminiferous tubules by three-dimensional analysis and in vivo imaging. Serial 5-μm-thick mouse testicular sections at 50-µm-intervals were prepared and stained by Periodic Acid-Schiff-hematoxylin. After three-dimensional reconstruction of the seminiferous tubules, the localization of the released spermatozoa and the stages observed in the sections were recorded in each reconstructed tubule. Luminal movements in the seminiferous tubules were observed by in vivo imaging using a fluorescent-reporter mouse and two-photon excitation microscopy system. Spermatozoa without contact to the seminiferous epithelium were not accumulated toward the rete testis. Additionally, such spermatozoa were found on their way not only to the most proximal rete testis but also a more distant rete testis from any stage VIII seminiferous epithelia. In vivo imaging demonstrated that the direction of the flagella of spermatozoa attached to the seminiferous epithelium was repeatedly reversed. The epithelium at the inner curve of the seminiferous tubule was shaken more actively and had fewer spermatozoa attached compared with the epithelium at the outer curve. Our results hence suggest that the luminal flow in the seminiferous tubules is repeatedly reversed and that this physical force helps spermatozoa to be released from Sertoli cells.
Gastrostomy Tube Use in Pediatrics: A Systematic Review
Authors: Berman Loren , Baird Robert , Sant’Anna Ana , Rosen Rachel , Petrini Maria , Cellucci Michael , Fuchs Lynn , Costa Joanna , Lester Jennifer , Stevens Jenny , Morrow Michele , Jaszczyszyn Danielle , Amaral Joao , Goldin Adam 
Published: May 2022

CONTEXT
Despite frequency of gastrostomy placement procedures in children, there remains considerable variability in preoperative work-up and procedural technique of gastrostomy placement and a paucity of literature regarding patient-centric outcomes.

OBJECTIVES
This review summarizes existing literature and provides consensus-driven guidelines for patients throughout the enteral access decision-making process.

DATA SOURCES
PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline, and Scopus.

STUDY SELECTION
Included studies were identified through a combination of the search terms “gastrostomy,” “g-tube,” and “tube feeding” in children.

DATA EXTRACTION
Relevant data, level of evidence, and risk of bias were extracted from included articles to guide formulation of consensus summaries of the evidence. Meta-analysis was conducted when data afforded a quantitative analysis.

EVIDENCE REVIEW
Four themes were explored: preoperative nasogastric feeding tube trials, decision-making surrounding enteral access, the role of preoperative imaging, and gastrostomy insertion techniques. Guidelines were generated after evidence review with multidisciplinary stakeholder involvement adhering to GRADE methodology.

RESULTS
Nearly 900 publications were reviewed, with 58 influencing final recommendations. In total, 17 recommendations are provided, including: (1) tTrial of home nasogastric feeding is safe and should be strongly considered before gastrostomy placement, especially for patients who are likely to learn to eat by mouth; (2) rRoutine contrast studies are not indicated before gastrostomy placement; and (3) lLaparoscopic placement is associated with the best safety profile.

LIMITATIONS
Recommendations were generated almost exclusively from observational studies and expert opinion, with few studies describing direct comparisons between GT placement and prolonged nasogastric feeding tube trial.

CONCLUSIONS
Additional patient- and family-centric evidence is needed to understand critical aspects of decision-making surrounding surgically placed enteral access devices for children.
DO PROJETO PEDAGÓGICO À SALA DE AULA: A INTERDISCIPLINARIDADE NO CONTEXTO DO CURSO BC&T
Authors: Guimarães Patricia Baldow , Oliveira Altamir Fernandes de 
Published: May 2022

Este estudo objetivou caracterizar a interdisciplinaridade no âmbito do curso Bacharelado Interdisciplinar em Ciência e Tecnologia - BC&T de uma universidade federal localizada no estado de Minas Gerais, com base no proposto pelos Referenciais Orientadores para os Bacharelados Interdisciplinares e Similares e respaldado em obras de autores como: Lenoir (1998), Japiassu (1976), Coimbra (2000), Fazenda(2010), Fortunato e Confortin (2013), Tosta (2011), Almeida (2010) e Morin (2003). Propôs verificar se o curso, através do seu Projeto Pedagógico e das ações didático-pedagógicas, encontra-se em consonância com as diretrizes e princípios norteadores dos Bacharelados Interdisciplinares - BIs em relação à interdisciplinaridade. Para isso, foi desenvolvido estudo de cunho qualitativo e quantitativo com a realização de pesquisa bibliográfica, pesquisa documental e estudo de campo, este último com a utilização de questionários aplicados a alunos do quinto e sexto períodos e realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com professores. Em resposta à questão principal da pesquisa foi verificado que, de um modo geral, no contexto do curso não é adotada metodologia interdisciplinar conforme previsto nas diretrizes e princípios norteadores dos BIs. Com base na análise dos dados e apoiados no aporte teórico dos autores consultados, foram apresentadas propostas que visam contribuir para a difusão da interdisciplinaridade no processo de ensino e aprendizagem dos BIs. Além disso, previu contribuir para o desenvolvimento científico da temática de modo a possibilitar novas discussões que visem garantir a efetividade de ações interdisciplinares nas instituições educacionais.