bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Communicating cultural identity in the management of forest related conflicts in Eastern Mau, Kenya
Authors: Kweyu Raphael 
Published: August 2022

AbstractConflict behavior is thought to result from attitudes. Attitude which is a tendency to favor or disfavor is thought to be a function of perceptions. Perceptions are influenced by our cultural identity. In Kenya, different communities have been involved in violent identity conflicts which peaked in 2007/2008 during the post‐election violence. The role of politics and natural resource competitions as sources for conflicts in Kenya has been widely exposed. This paper enriches the discourse on manifestation of conflict by an in‐depth analysis of how cultural identity is communicated drawing examples from communities residing adjacent to Eastern Mau forests complex in Kenya. The main research question is that, since inter‐group conflict involves identity competition, how are attitudes expressed in this context? Qualitative data sources were obtained for this study through key informant interviews and Focus Group Discussions. Data analysis was through thematization, content and linguistic analysis. Results from this study reveal that conflicts involving different ethnic communities have escalated over time. The study further reveals that attitudes are expressed through figures of communication such as stereotypes and nicknames, metaphors, and naming of places. Conflicts in Eastern Mau seemed to persist, vacillating between periods of relative peace and periods of escalation. Mediation has been proposed in recent literature as a sustainable solution for intractable conflicts. This paper suggests that more research is needed on traditional dispute resolution in Eastern Mau with a view to understanding how mediation could be integrated in the existing formal conflict resolution in the study area and beyond.
SoyPedi: A searchable pedigree‐linked web interface for phenotypic data of soybean cultivars
Authors: Jeong Min‐Gyun , Lee Chaeyoung , Kim Jin‐Hyun , Park Joo‐Seok , Choi Yoram , Kim Hye Jeong , Chung Young‐Soo , Choi Hong‐Kyu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPedigrees of crop species reflect genealogical relationships among bred lines and are important resources for breeding design. Recently, as more genomic and phenomic data are being accumulated at an astonishing rate, well‐organized pedigrees and database‐linked systems have become ever more important. To cope with the prospective future of breeding science, this study aimed to develop a pedigree‐centered web interface called SoyPedi for the purpose of searching the phenotypic information of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars. SoyPedi employed an integrated pedigree composed of 178 well‐defined soybean cultivars and phenotype data. The system was constructed using various bioinformatic tools, such as SQLite3, PHP, and JavaScript. SoyPedi consists largely of three submodules, including a pedigree map, a tabular format database, and single cultivar‐dedicated web pages. The pedigree and tabular databases are interconnected by a single page application system, so that users can promptly switch between these two modules. In addition, comparative analysis of whole genome resequencing‐derived phylogeny and pedigrees implicated some extent of parallel correlation between these two. SoyPedi was developed with the intention of serving breeders for selecting parental lines in hybridization planning, which will be readily operable and intuitive for users. This system will be potentially expandable by integrating more data in the future and is available at https://tgil.donga.ac.kr/SoyPedi/index.html.
Airlines practices to incorporate circular economy principles into the waste management system
Authors: Salesa Aitor , León Raúl , Moneva José Mariano 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAirlines' negative impacts are rising due to the growth of the industry, and therefore new and more sustainable alternative business models are being developed and implemented. In this context, this paper analyses how airlines are incorporating Circular Economy (CE) into their service model and proposes a framework to identify the main practices of CE that support waste management. After a detailed review of the corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports of a worldwide sample of companies, this paper builds on waste and material management, where airline activities have more impacts on edible and inedible waste. Results show that companies are adopting measures such as recycling in‐cabin waste, incorporating new materials, and defining new systems to make the feeding services more efficient. Nevertheless, CE adoption is still low, and the CE strategies do not seem to follow specific patterns.
Recurring wildfires provoke type conversion in dry western forests
Authors: Nemens Deborah G. , Kidd Kathryn R. , Varner J. Morgan , Wing Brian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRecent wildfires across western North America have burned with uncharacteristically high severity, representing a substantial departure from natural fire regimes. In mixed‐conifer and pine–oak ecosystems of the southern Cascade Range, widespread shifts in stand structure and composition have led to a diversity of post‐wildfire vegetation responses. When recent wildfire “footprints” reburn in subsequent fires, their recovery pathways are complex. In order to understand the effects of overlapping mixed‐severity fires, we quantified changes in overstory and midstory structure and species composition for time periods prior to and following two large overlapping wildfires in the southern Cascades: the 2000 Storrie and 2012 Chips Fires. Plots were stratified into 16 severity combinations (unburned, low, moderate, and high in the Storrie Fire combined with the same four categories in the Chips Fire: e.g., moderate Storrie/high Chips) across the 9000‐ha overlapping burned area. Following the two fires, tree quadratic mean diameter and stand density declined for most species, but changes were species‐specific. Compared with preburn values, importance values for fire‐sensitive white fir (Abies concolor) were reduced by 66%, while resprouting fire‐resilient California black oak (Quercus kelloggii) importance values increased by 37% in severity combinations that included at least one high‐severity fire. Greatest shifts were documented in sites that burned twice at high severity, where resulting vegetation was dominated by oak sprout clumps and resprouting and fire‐stimulated montane chaparral species, while unburned and low‐severity strata retained a substantial component of Douglas‐fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and white fir. Results suggest that repeated moderate‐ and high‐severity fires can result in ecosystem state shifting toward fire‐resilient oak‐shrub communities in this fire‐prone landscape. Managers seeking greater landscape resilience can implement treatments such as thinning and prescribed burning, while taking advantage of fire‐created patches such as these in areas where the likelihood of a hotter and drier future makes the reestablishment of continuous forest cover unrealistic.
Geopolitical risk and global financial cycle: Some forecasting experiments
Authors: Salisu Afees A. , Omoke Philip C. , Sikiru Abdulsalam Abidemi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this study, we investigate the connection between geopolitical risk (GPR) and global financial cycle (GFCy) as well as whether the former has predictive value for the out‐of‐sample predictability of the latter. We utilize both the historical and recent GPR data and their variants, namely, GPR act covering all “acts” that constitute GPR such as war, nuclear invasion and terrorism, and GPR threat, which represents threats of these acts. We construct a predictive model that accommodates the salient features of the predicted and predictor series while the forecast evaluation is conducted for both in‐sample and out‐of‐sample periods. Our findings reveal that a rise in GPR discourages investments in risky assets and by implication worsens GFCy. The impact is more severe after the global financial crisis (gfc), and the GPR threat exerts more adverse effect on GFCy compared with GPR act regardless of whether historical GPR or recent GPR is used. Meanwhile, the predictive model of GFCy that accommodates the GPR data outperforms the benchmark model that ignores it both in the in‐sample and out‐of‐sample estimates albeit with improved forecast performance during the post‐gfc period and at a longer forecast horizon. However, the recent GPR data, which are broader in scope, offer better forecast accuracy than the historical GPR data. Additional analyses involving the vulnerability of global economic conditions reveal similar outcomes as GFCy.
Effect on haemostasis of different replacement fluids during therapeutic plasma exchange—A comparative multicentre observational study
Authors: Kohli Ruchika , Allen Elisa , Platton Sean , Griffin James , Manson Lynn , MacCallum Peter , Green Laura 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionTherapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is used for several chronic conditions with little evidence on the efficacy and safety of different choice of replacement fluid. Measurement of haemostasis, particularly in vitro thrombin generation, could play a role in determining the immediate efficacy of different fluid replacement.AimTo determine the impact of different TPE replacement fluid regimens on haemostatic assays.MethodsProspective observational multi‐centre cohort study in adult patients 18 years and older evaluating haemostatic changes between four different TPE regimens: (1) 5% human albumin solution (Alb) only, (2) 50:50 mix of 5% Alb + modified gelatin, (3) 70:30 mix of 5% Alb and normal saline (NS), and (4) solvent‐detergent, virus‐inactivated fresh frozen plasma (FFP) (either alone or combined with other fluids). Twenty‐one haemostasis variables were analysed (procoagulant, anticoagulant and fibrinolytic factors) pre and post TPE sessions, including in vitro thrombin generation. Linear mixed modelling and canonical discriminant analyses were used to examine the effect of TPE fluid type on haemostatic variables.ResultsA total of 31 patients with up to 5 TPE sessions each (131 sessions in total) were enrolled. Out of 21 markers analysed using linear mixed modelling, the main effects of fluid type were found to be significant for 19 markers (P < 0.05), excluding plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 antigen and thrombin‐anti‐thrombin. Multivariate Analysis of Variance showed significant differences between the fluid types (Wilks' lambda = 0.07; F63,245.61 = 5.50; P < 0.0001) and this was supported by a canonical discriminant analysis, which identified the 4 most discriminating markers for fluid types as thrombin generation (lag‐time, time‐to Peak), fibrinogen and Factor V. In our analyses, the effect of FFP on haemostasis was significantly greater compared with other fluid types. Of the non‐FFP fluids, 5% Alb + NS had a lower effect on haemostasis compared to other fluid types (Alb and modified gelatin + 5% Alb).ConclusionThrombin generation and fibrinogen discriminated better the effect of different TPE fluids on haemostasis and should be considered as potential markers to evaluate the immediate haemostatic effect of TPE procedures. The use of NS as a TPE replacement fluid had a distinctive impact on thrombin generation and fibrinogen responses compared to other non‐FFP fluids.
Facile synthesis of “WCl3(DME)” and structural and electronic characterizations
Authors: Yang Cian‐Wei , Mallick Suman , Tsai Yi‐Chou 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn contrast to the readily accessed mid‐valent molybdenum precursors, trivalent tungsten compounds as good synthons are rare. The most commonly used trivalent ditungsten species, NaW2Cl7(THF)5, for the synthesis of the triply W − W bonded compounds of the type W2X6(X = bulky anionic ligand) can no longer be prepared because it is obtained from Na/Hg reduction of WCl4, and the use of mercury is banned. In this work, we report the characterization of a useful ditungsten(III) complex W2(μ‐Cl)2Cl4(κ2‐DME)2(2) (DME = 1,2‐dimethoxyethane) to replace NaW2Cl7(THF)5. The efficient reduction of the monomeric W(IV) compound WCl4(DME) (1) with granular Sn in DME gives2in a 97% isolated yield.2is a diamagnetic species based on SQUID magnetometry, and its formulation was established by single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography. The structure of2shows an edge‐sharing bioctahedral (ESBO) conformation with overallCisymmetry and the W − W bond length is 2.6443 (6) Å. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggest a σ2π2δ*2ground state configuration corresponding to the W − W single bond.
Immigrant youth of Indian origin: Generational differences in self‐critical perfectionism
Authors: Roysircar Gargi , Masseratagah Tara , Tran Quynh , Neizvestnaya Maria , Thompson Ashland 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA community sample of foreign‐born first generation (n = 53) and U.S.‐born secondgeneration (n = 57) youth of Indian origin (ages 18–25) was studied. Variables predicting self‐critical perfectionism were perceived prejudice, enculturation, and communication difficulty with parents and their interaction with generation status. The differences between the two generations pointed to nuanced self‐pressures of Indian immigrant youth, despite good academic standing and middle‐class family income. Implications discuss counseling with Indian immigrant youth.
Mitochondrial respiratory chain dysfunction in a patient with a heterozygous de novo CTBP1 variant
Authors: Wong Wui‐Kwan , Balasubramaniam Shanti , Wong Rachel S. H. , Graf Nicole , Thorburn David R. , McFarland Robert , Troedson Christopher 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe C‐terminal binding protein 1 (CTBP1) functions as a transcriptional corepressor in vertebrates and has been identified to have critical roles in nervous system growth and development. Pathogenic variants in the CTBP1 gene has been shown to cause hypotonia, ataxia, developmental delay and tooth enamel defect syndrome (HADDTS). There have only been 16 cases reported to date with heterozygous, pathogenic variants in CTBP1 manifesting with a neurodevelopmental phenotype. We report a further case of a pathogenic, heterozygous, de novo variant in CTBP1 identified by whole exome sequencing in a female with the typical phenotype of global developmental delay, hypotonia, cerebellar dysfunction and failure to thrive. Additionally, muscle biopsy demonstrates evidence of a respiratory chain defect, only previously reported once in the literature. This supports the role of CTBP1 in maintenance of normal mitochondrial activity and highlights the importance of considering secondary mitochondrial dysfunction in genes not directly involved in the mitochondrial respiratory chain.
Desorption and transfer processes in different classes of dyes
Authors: Cova Camilla Maria , Conti Laura , Barbero Francesco , Berti Debora , Bianchetti Giulia Ottavia 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe report an analytical approach to study dye desorption and transfer processes in aqueous environment. The study was conducted simulating standard laundry washes using two different donor textiles, a polyester textile dyed with Disperse Blue 79 and a cotton textile dyed with Reactive Red 239, and two acceptor textiles, undyed cotton and polyester, respectively. Dye bleeding/solubilization from a donor textile to the solution was investigated through UV–visible absorbance analysis, while the dye absorption onto acceptor textile was quantified by UV–visible reflectance analysis. Dye desorption and transfer processes were investigated in water and surfactant solutions at different concentrations. A desorption and transfer model for the two classes of dyes was hypothesized by performing kinetic experiments. The results show that both processes depend on the presence of surfactants for the disperse dye. Conversely, the presence of surfactants has little effect on the reactive dye. Finally, the presence of an acceptor polyester significantly increases the bleeding of the disperse dye, while the presence of an acceptor textiles less influences the total release of the reactive dye.
Dietary chitooligosaccharide supplementation improves mineral deposition, meat quality and intramuscular oxidant status in broilers
Authors: Li Jun , Wang Shiqi , Chen Yueping , Cheng Yefei , Wen Chao , Zhou Yanmin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe present study aimed at evaluating the in vitro adsorption capability of chitooligosaccharide (COS) with some metal elements (Fe, Zn, Cd, Pb) at different pH values along with potential effects of dietary COS supplementation on growth performance, mineral content, meat quality and oxidant status in broilers. Day‐old male chicks were randomly distributed into two groups and offered a basal diet supplemented with or without 30 mg kg−1 COS for 42 days.RESULTSIn vitro trials demonstrated that Fe levels were higher (P < 0.001) in the COS‐treated group compared with the non‐treated group at pH of 2.5. However, these levels became lowered when pH values were raised to 5 (P < 0.01) or 6 (P < 0.001). Similarly, COS adsorbed more (P < 0.05) Zn at pH values of 2.5 and 6, and Cd contents at pH of 2.5 for 70 min when compared with the control. For in vivo trial, the feed‐to‐gain ratio, serum Cu (P < 0.01), hepatic Mn, Cr (P < 0.05) and intramuscular Cd (P < 0.01) were lower in response to COS treatment. Supplementation of COS improved (P < 0.05) meat quality of broilers in terms of lower drip loss, cooking loss and malondialdehyde content with a concomitant increase (P < 0.01) in the pH of breast meat at 24 h post mortem.CONCLUSIONCOS adsorbed heavy metal ions not only in vitro but also in broilers, and dietary supplementation with 30 mg kg−1 COS improved growth performance, breast meat quality and oxidant status in broilers. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Degradation kinetics of rutin encapsulated in oil‐in‐water emulsions: impact of particle size
Authors: Fu Yuteng , McClements David Julian , Luo Shunjing , Ye Jiangping , Liu Chengmei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDRutin is a natural bioactive flavonoid that is poor in water solubility and chemical stability. Encapsulation can be used to protect bioactive molecules from chemical or physical decomposition during food processing and storage. Thus, the effect of initial particle size on the ability of oil‐in‐water emulsions to retain rutin during storage was investigated.RESULTSRutin was encapsulated in oil‐in‐water emulsions with different mean surface‐weighted diameters: d3,2 = 0.56 μm (small), 0.73 μm (medium), and 2.32 μm (large). As expected, the resistance of the emulsions to coalescence and creaming during storage increased as the particle size decreased due to weakening of the colloidal and gravitational forces acting on the droplets. The concentration of rutin in the emulsions decreased during storage (28 days), which was mainly attributed to photodegradation of the flavonoid. The loss of rutin from the emulsions during storage was fitted using a second‐order equation. The rutin degradation rate constant k decreased and the half‐life t1/2 increased with decreasing droplet size, which was attributed to the stronger encapsulation and light scattering by smaller oil droplets reducing the amount of light that can penetrate into the emulsions.CONCLUSIONThis study has important implications for the design of more efficacious emulsion‐based delivery systems for incorporating health‐promoting nutraceuticals into foods. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
A prospective real‐world study of the diffuse‐type tenosynovial giant cell tumor patient journey: A 2‐year observational analysis
Authors: Bernthal Nicholas M. , Healey John H. , Palmerini Emanuela , Bauer Sebastian , Schreuder Hendrik , Leithner Andreas , Martin‐Broto Javier , Gouin Francois , Lopez‐Bastida Julio , Gelderblom Hans , Staals Eric L. , Burke Zachary D. , Geiger Erik J. , Spierenburg Geert , Laeis Petra , Beyerlein Elisabeth , Ye Xin , van de Sande Michiel 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesDiffuse‐tenosynovial giant cell tumor (D‐TGCT) is a rare, locally aggressive, typically benign neoplasm affecting mainly large joints, representing a wide clinical spectrum. We provide a picture of the treatment journey of D‐TGCT patients as a 2‐year observational follow‐up.MethodsThe TGCT Observational Platform Project registry was a multinational, multicenter, prospective observational study at tertiary sarcoma centers spanning seven European countries and two US sites. Histologically confirmed D‐TGCT patients were categorized as either those who remained on initial treatment strategy (determined at baseline visit) or those who changed treatment strategy with specific changes documented (e.g., systemic treatment to surgery) at the 1‐year and/or 2‐year follow‐up visits.ResultsA total of 176 patients were assessed, mean diagnosis age was 38.4 (SD ± 14.6) years; most patients had a knee tumor (120/176, 68.2%). For the 2‐year observation period, most patients (75.5%) remained on the baseline treatment strategy throughout, 54/79 patients (68.4%) remained no treatment, 30/45 patients (66.7%) remained systemic treatment, 39/39 patients (100%) remained surgery. Those who changed treatment strategy utilized multimodal treatment options.ConclusionsThis is the first prospectively collected analysis to describe D‐TGCT patient treatments over an extended follow‐up and demonstrates the need for multidisciplinary teams to determine an optimal treatment strategy.
Extended vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap for reconstruction of large pelviperineal defects following oncologic resection
Authors: Pérez‐García Alberto , García‐Granero Álvaro , Thione Alessandro , Frasson Matteo , Sánchez‐García Alberto , Salmerón‐González Enrique , Simón Eduardo , Domingo Santiago , García‐Granero E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesExtended vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous (eVRAM) flap has been proposed for reconstruction of large pelviperineal defects where traditional VRAM flap is insufficient. We present our experience with eVRAM flap for pelviperineal reconstruction following oncologic resection.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted, including all the patients who underwent reconstruction with eVRAM flap after complex pelvic resection, between 2012 and 2020. EVRAM flap was indicated when traditional VRAM was considered deficient to cover or reach the skin defect or to fill the dead space.ResultsForty‐four patients were included in the study. Successful reconstruction with eVRAM flap was achieved in 40 patients. There were three flap failures, and one patient died in the second postoperative day because of multiple organ failure. Perineal wound complications occurred in 17 patients (38.6%), eight of them requiring surgical reoperation. Donor site problems were present in five patients (11.4%), and only one patient required surgical closure because of a major dehiscence.ConclusionsThe authors found the eVRAM flap to be a useful and reliable flap for reconstruction of complex pelviperineal wounds, with a low rate of donor site morbidity.