bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gone Viral: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Contact Lens-Related Videos on TikTok
Authors: Costantini Julia G. , Qi Yang Aaron Goh , Steinemann Thomas L. 
Published: August 2022

Objectives:
To evaluate the content, sources, and quality of contact lens (CL)-related videos on TikTok, the fastest growing social media platform worldwide.

Methods:
TikTok was queried on October 25, 2021 for the top 200 posts with the hashtag “#contactlenses.” Posts meeting inclusion criteria were characterized and assessed for quality with DISCERN, a validated scoring instrument for the appraisal of consumer health information (score range 1–5 with a higher score indicating a higher quality video).

Results:
The included 113 posts showed a mean quality of 1.94±0.44. Content included product displays (42%), patient experiences (23%), educational (22%), and comedy (12%). Most product displays featured decorative lenses (98%). Although videos by eye-care providers (ECPs) accounted for most educational content (52%) and showed significantly higher mean quality compared with posts by non-ECPs (2.57±0.18 vs. 1.85±0.13, P<0.001), they were a minority (12%) and showed poor overall quality. Contact lens representation was greatly skewed toward decorative lenses (74%), whereas only 3.5% of videos promoted seeing an ECP.

Conclusions:
Poor quality and skewed representation of posts indicate that CL-related information on TikTok has serious shortcomings. These findings are particularly concerning given that most TikTok users are adolescents and young adults, the same population who tend to be decorative lens wearers and who are at increased risk of CL-related complications. Eye-care providers, professional organizations, and regulatory agencies should be urged to increase their engagement with the platform, especially regarding educational content creation and CL marketing oversight.
Evaluating the effect of COVID-19 on quality measures of patients with type 2 diabetes in two family nurse practitioner–owned clinics
Authors: Wright Wendy L. , White Patricia A. , Welsh Meredith , Cutting Kelly 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated lockdowns resulting in the disruption of access to primary care. A family nurse practitioner (NP)–owned practice shifted many visits to telehealth to provide care to all their patients including those with chronic illness. The purpose of this project was to evaluate the impact of the pandemic on selected diabetes quality measures and adherence to national diabetes guidelines in two previously well-performing NP-owned primary care clinics.

Local Problem:
Previous quality improvement studies demonstrated high performing metrics for their patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). The evaluation of the patients with type 2 DM was necessary to assess the care being delivered in the practice.

Methods:
A retrospective record review and analysis of 179 patients older than 18 years was implemented during the early days of the pandemic. Demographic data, process, and outcome measures for diabetes care were collected and compared with previous data from 2013 to 2017 to identify gaps in care.

Interventions:
Telehealth was implemented to deliver care to patients because of the lockdown. The evaluation of these metrics during the period where telehealth was being used to provide care was warranted to evaluate the status of patients with type 2 DM.

Results:
Patients with type 2 DM receiving care with telehealth demonstrated worsening A1cs and other quality care measures, including fewer ophthalmology evaluations.

Conclusion:
While access to telehealth was important for these patients with type 2 DM, the findings demonstrated that the COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact on diabetes quality measures. While these may have also reflected the challenges of adhering to lifestyle interventions during this stressful time, telehealth alone may not be an adequate delivery mechanism for primary care for those with type 2 DM.
Inhibition Predicts the Course of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms Among Adolescents
Authors: Stevens Elizabeth S. , Funkhouser Carter J. , Auerbach Randy P. , Talati Ardesheer , Gameroff Marc G. , Posner Jonathan E. , Weissman Myrna M. , Shankman Stewart A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Numerous theoretical models suggest that inhibition difficulties—the inability to moderate automatic responses—contribute to the onset and/or maintenance of internalizing symptoms. Inhibition deficits and internalizing disorders run in families and share overlapping genetic risk factors, suggesting that inhibition deficits may be particularly prognostic of internalizing symptoms in those with high familial risk. This study tested this hypothesis in a longitudinal sample during the transition from adolescence to early adulthood. As hypothesized, prospective associations between inhibition and anxiety and depressive symptoms 8 years later were moderated by familial risk for depression. Specifically, poorer inhibition prospectively predicted greater anxiety and depressive symptoms in those at high (but not low) familial risk for major depressive disorder. These findings provide preliminary support for impaired inhibition as an indicator of risk for later internalizing symptoms in those at high familial risk.
Predictive Factors for Hemorrhagic Transformation in Acute Ischemic Stroke in the REAL-World Clinical Practice
Authors: Grifoni Elisa , Bini Chiara , Signorini Ira , Cosentino Eleonora , Micheletti Irene , Dei Alessandro , Pinto Gabriele , Madonia Elisa Maria , Sivieri Irene , Mannini Marianna , Baldini Mariella , Bertini Elisabetta , Giannoni Sara , Bartolozzi Maria Letizia , Guidi Leonello , Bartalucci Paola , Vanni Simone , Segneri Antonio , Pratesi Alessandra , Giordano Antonio , Dainelli Francesca , Maggi Francesca , Romagnoli Mario , Cioni Elisa , Cioffi Elisa , Pelagalli Giulia , Mattaliano Chiara , Schipani Elena , Murgida Giuseppe Salvatore , Di Martino Stefania , Sisti Eleonora , Cozzi Andrea , Francolini Valentina , Masotti Luca 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Few data exists on predictive factors of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) in real-world acute ischemic stroke patients. The aims of this study were: (i) to identify predictive variables of HT (ii) to develop a score for predicting HT.

Methods:
We retrospectively analyzed the clinical, radiographic, and laboratory data of patients with acute ischemic stroke consecutively admitted to our Stroke Unit along two years. Patients with HT were compared with those without HT. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of HT on CT scan at 24 hours to develop a practical score.

Results:
The study population consisted of 564 patients with mean age 77.5±11.8 years. Fifty-two patients (9.2%) showed HT on brain CT at 24 hours (4.9% symptomatic). NIHSS score ≥8 at Stroke Unit admission (3 points), cardioembolic etiology (2 points), acute revascularization by systemic thrombolysis and/or mechanical thrombectomy (1 point), history of previous TIA/stroke (1 point), and major vessel occlusion (1 point) were found independent risk factors of HT and were included in the score (Hemorrhagic Transformation Empoli score (HTE)). The predictive power of HTE score was good with an AUC of 0.785 (95% CI: 0.749-0.818). Compared with 5 HT predictive scores proposed in the literature (THRIVE, SPAN-100, MSS, GRASPS, SITS-SIC), the HTE score significantly better predicted HT.

Conclusions:
NIHSS score ≥8 at Stroke Unit admission, cardioembolism, urgent revascularization, previous TIA/stroke, and major vessel occlusion were independent predictors of HT. The HTE score has a good predictive power for HT. Prospective studies are warranted.
Splenium of the Corpus Callosum Infarct Associated With COVID-19
Authors: Karp David A. , Beaudoin Gabriel , Egan Robert A. 
Published: August 2022

Introduction:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been recently associated with infarction of the central splenium of the corpus callosum. These are described as cytotoxic lesions, and imaging rarely reveals enhancement. They have not been described in the body or head of the corpus callosum. Few diseases affect the corpus callosum, but the most common include multiple sclerosis, aquaporin-4 disease, and Susac syndrome. There is also emerging literature on Mild Encephalopathy with Reversible Splenial lesions associated with central and not basal lesions. The reason for the location of these lesions in acute COVID-19 infection is unknown.

Case Report:
A 22-year-old female presented to the ED for altered mental status after being found down. A brief history review indicated that the patient had been altered for 2-3 days before being found naked and covered in her own feces and urine by her family after they had not heard from her. As she lived alone, a clear history of the events preceding her admission remains unclear. On initial assessment, the patient was found to be somnolent and nonverbal, though she could follow simple commands. On admission, testing for SARS CoV-2 RNA PCR was positive. Patient was admitted to the hospital for further work up to determine the cause of the altered mental status.

Conclusion:
We present a new case of a young woman who developed a central splenium lesion during acute COVID-19 infection and explain the predilection for the callosum in these patients, as well as literature to show that COVID-19 was most likely the cause.
Feasibility of Using Joystick-Operated Ride-on-Toys to Promote Upper Extremity Function in Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Pilot Study
Authors: Amonkar Nidhi , Kumavor Patrick , Morgan Kristin , Bubela Deborah , Srinivasan Sudha 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:
To evaluate the feasibility of implementation, acceptance, and perceived efficacy of a joystick-operated ride-on-toy intervention to promote upper extremity (UE) function in 3- to 14-year-old children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy.

Methods:
Exit questionnaires were collected from children, caregivers, and clinicians/camp staff following a 3-week ride-on-toy training program incorporated within a summer camp for children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Training encouraged children to use their affected UE to maneuver the ride-on-toy. Questionnaires included Likert scale and open-ended questions to assess enjoyment, acceptance, feasibility, and perceived efficacy of the training.

Results:
All stakeholder groups indicated that the training was enjoyable. Clinicians/staff and caregivers indicated that the training increased children's motivation to use their affected UE and reported perceived improvements in UE movement control and function following training.

Conclusions:
Our promising preliminary findings call for future research to systematically assess the efficacy of ride-on-toys to promote UE control and function in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy.
Supplemental Digital Content 1 video abstract, available at: http://links.lww.com/PPT/A404
Effectiveness of Robotic-Assisted Gait Training and Aquatic Physical Therapy in a Child With Long-Chain 3-Hydroxyacyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency: A Case Report
Authors: Tucker Pamela 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:
The purpose of this case study is to describe the outpatient rehabilitation program for a 15-year-old girl with long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (LCHADD).

Summary of Key Points:
The child presented with sudden-onset muscle weakness and fatigue with resultant dependence for all mobility and self-care. After 12 months of therapy, which included aquatic interventions and robotic-assisted gait training, the patient demonstrated independence with transfers, ambulation with a rolling walker, and stair navigation. Functional mobility, gross motor skills, and participation in activities of daily living significantly improved per the Gross Motor Function Measure and the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory.

Statement of Conclusion and Recommendations for Clinical Practice:
This is the first case in the literature to outline an outpatient physical therapy treatment plan to address mobility deficits secondary to exacerbation of LCHADD. This patient's rehabilitative course will hopefully add to future research and provide patients with guidelines for their recovery.
Sleep Variability and Inflammation in Midlife and Older Women
Authors: Leger Kate A. , Gloger Elana M. , Crofford Leslie J. , McDade Thomas W. , Segerstrom Suzanne C. 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective
Shorter sleep duration and more sleep disturbances, in addition to greater night-to-night fluctuations in sleep (intraindividual variability; IIV), have been associated with elevated inflammation. However, these associations were only at the between-person level. The current study examined the within-person relationship between mean levels and IIV of sleep duration and sleep disturbances and C-reactive protein (CRP) in healthy, aging women.

Methods
Participants (N = 179) from a longitudinal study of activity and well-being in middle-aged and older women (mean age = 62 years; range = 50–75 years) completed a 7-day daily diary, every 3 months, for 2 years (up to nine bursts). Sleep was assessed each day asking participants how many hours of sleep they got the night before and with the four-item PROMIS Sleep Disturbance Short Form. Finger-stick dried blood spot samples were collected after each 7-day daily diary.

Results
In bursts when women experienced greater than average variability in sleep duration, they had higher CRP (γ = 0.06, p = .004). Within-person changes in mean sleep duration were not associated with CRP. In addition, neither mean sleep disturbances nor sleep disturbance IIV were associated with CRP.

Conclusions
This study is the first to show that within-person changes in variable sleep duration are related to changes in inflammation. Findings from the current study suggest that greater variability in sleep duration is related to higher CRP, which may increase risk for early morbidity and mortality. Future studies should investigate inflammation as a pathway linking sleep variability and health.
Through the Looking-Glass: Psychoneuroimmunology and the Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis in the Modern Antiretroviral Therapy Era
Authors: Carrico Adam W. , Cherenack Emily M. , Rubin Leah H. , McIntosh Roger , Ghanooni Delaram , Chavez Jennifer V. , Klatt Nichole R. , Paul Robert H. 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective
Depression, substance use disorders, and other neuropsychiatric comorbidities are common in people with HIV (PWH), but the underlying mechanisms are not sufficiently understood. HIV-induced damage to the gastrointestinal tract potentiates residual immune dysregulation in PWH receiving effective antiretroviral therapy. However, few studies among PWH have examined the relevance of microbiome-gut-brain axis: bidirectional crosstalk between the gastrointestinal tract, immune system, and central nervous system.

Methods
A narrative review was conducted to integrate findings from 159 articles relevant to psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) and microbiome-gut-brain axis research in PWH.

Results
Early PNI studies demonstrated that neuroendocrine signaling via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and autonomic nervous system could partially account for the associations of psychological factors with clinical HIV progression. This review highlights the need for PNI studies examining the mechanistic relevance of the gut microbiota for residual immune dysregulation, tryptophan catabolism, and oxytocin release as key biological determinants of neuropsychiatric comorbidities in PWH (i.e., body-to-mind pathways). It also underscores the continued relevance of neuroendocrine signaling via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, autonomic nervous system, and oxytocin release in modifying microbiome-gut-brain axis functioning (i.e., mind-to-body pathways).

Conclusions
Advancing our understanding of PNI and microbiome-gut-brain axis pathways relevant to depression, substance use disorders, and other neuropsychiatric comorbidities in PWH can guide the development of novel biobehavioral interventions to optimize health outcomes. Recommendations are provided for biobehavioral and neurobehavioral research investigating bidirectional PNI and microbiome-gut-brain axis pathways among PWH in the modern antiretroviral therapy era.
Unhealthy Alcohol Use Is Associated With Suboptimal Adherence to Isoniazid Preventive Therapy in Persons With HIV in Southwestern Uganda
Authors: Muyindike Winnie R. , Fatch Robin , Cheng Debbie M. , Emenyonu Nneka I. , Forman Leah , Ngabirano Christine , Adong Julian , Linas Benjamin , Jacobson Karen R. , Hahn Judith A. 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Unhealthy alcohol use is associated with increased progression to tuberculosis (TB) disease, but its effect on adherence to isoniazid (INH) preventive therapy is not known.

Methods:
This was a prospective study of persons with HIV with latent TB in southwestern Uganda reporting any current (previous 3 months) alcohol use or no alcohol consumption in the previous year (2:1 ratio). All received INH. We defined suboptimal adherence as <90% of days with at least 1 Medication Event Monitoring System cap opening, over the previous 90 days. Alcohol use was categorized as follows: none: no self-report and phosphatidylethanol (PEth) <8 ng/mL; moderate: Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C) 1–2 (women) or 1–3 (men) and/or PEth 8 ≥ 50 ng/mL; and unhealthy: AUDIT-C ≥3 (women) or ≥4 (men) and/or PEth ≥50 ng/mL. We used generalized estimating equation logistic regression analyses to assess the association between the level of alcohol use and suboptimal INH adherence.

Results:
Three hundred two persons were enrolled; 279 were on INH for 3 or more months. The prevalence of suboptimal INH adherence was 31.3% at 3 months and 43.9% at 6 months. The odds of suboptimal INH adherence were higher for unhealthy (adjusted odds ratio, 2.78; 95% confidence interval: 1.62 to 4.76) and moderate (adjusted odds ratio, 1.59; 95% confidence interval: 0.94 to 2.71) compared with no alcohol consumption.

Conclusions:
Suboptimal adherence to INH at 3 and 6 months was high among prospective study of persons with HIV and associated with unhealthy alcohol use. Adherence support and alcohol reduction strategies are needed for this group at high risk for active TB.
Bioinformatics Analysis of Hub Genes Involved in Alcohol-Related Hemifacial Microsomia Pathogenesis
Authors: Ma Lunkun , Zhao Shanbaga , Xu Xi , Shu Kaiyi , Li Xiyuan , Liang Yingxiang , Liu Bingyang , Huang Changjin , Zhang Zhiyong 
Published: August 2022

Objective:
Alcohol is a recognized teratogen, and alcohol exposure increases the risk for hemifacial microsomia (HFM) of the fetus during maternal pregnancy. The present study aimed to explore potential mechanisms and verify hub genes of HFM associated with alcohol by bioinformatics methods.

Methods:
First, HFM and alcohol pathogenic genes were obtained. Thereafter, a protein-protein interactional (PPI) network was constructed. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses and molecular complex detection were performed by Metascape. Finally, we used the cytoHubba plugin to screen the hub genes.

Results:
A total of 43 HFM genes and 50 optimal alcohol candidate genes were selected. The PPI networks for pathogenic genes contained 93 nodes and 503 edges. Functional enrichment analysis largely focused on tissue formation and development. Two modules were identified from the PPI network, and 10 hub genes were screened out. The genes most relevant to alcohol-induced HFM pathogenesis included CTNNB1, TP53, MYC, HDAC1, and SOX2.

Conclusions:
This study identified some significant hub genes, pathways, and modules of HFM related to alcohol by bioinformatics analyses. Our results suggest that the CTNNB1, TP53, MYC, HDAC1, and SOX B1 gene subfamilies may have played a major role in alcohol-induced HFM.
Shortened Infrabrow Excision Blepharoplasty Combined with the Removal of Orbicularis Oculi Muscle for Dermatochalasis in Asians
Authors: Yang Xiao , Zhao Fangning , Yang Xiaonan 
Published: August 2022

The periorbital area tends to be the first and most visible facial part where senility occurs and therefore is of great concern. Various blepharoplasty incisions are applied to correct upper eyelid dermatochalasis. In this study, we applied and evaluated the shortened infrabrow excision blepharoplasty (sIBEB) combined with the removal of the orbicularis oculi muscle to achieve more satisfactory effects. This retrospective study included 40 women who underwent sIBEB treatment at the Plastic Surgery Hospital of Beijing between February 2019 and June 2021. Preoperative and postoperative photographs, complications, objective Strasser system, and self-assessed subjective evaluations by the patient (on a scale of 1−10) were used to assess the results of the procedure. During the follow-up (6−16 mo; average, 12 mo), all 40 patients (age, 26−68 y; 47±9.44 y) presented effective correction of the dermatochalasis. The objective Strasser evaluation showed that all patients had a score of 0 to 4, and the subjective feedback revealed that 37 patients (92.5%) scored the procedure 9/10, indicating high satisfaction. No complications were detected, and repair surgery was not required in any patient. The application of a shortened incision enables the surgeon to accurately locate the excision area, resulting in less visible scars. Furthermore, removal of the orbicularis oculi muscle allows for the sagittal lifting of the superficial musculoaponeurotic system layer, adjusting the swelling and sagging appearance. The modified sIBEB may achieve more effective, sustainable, and satisfactory outcomes.
Revisional Asian Blepharoplasty of the High Eyelid Fold: Tarsus-Orbicularis Fixation Combined With Orbital Fat Repositioning Technique
Authors: Shi Heng , Liu Miaoqing , Huang Wen , Wang Zhijun 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Abnormally high eyelid fold is a common unsatisfactory esthetic outcome after double eyelid surgery. At present, successful correction of high eyelid fold among Asians remains one of the most challenging procedures for eyelid plastic surgeons.

Objectives:
This article aims to propose a novel technique for correcting high eyelid fold to improve the cosmetic outcomes and patient satisfaction.

Materials and Methods:
This is a retrospective study of 86 patients (154 eyelids) with high eyelid folds who underwent revision blepharoplasty. A new proper height incision line was designed during the operation, and the adhesion between skin and levator aponeurosis was fully released. The residual orbital fat was adequately separated. If necessary, orbital fat from lower eyelid will be harvested for free fat grafting. The tarsus-orbicularis fixation combined with orbital fat repositioning technique was used to create a double eyelid fold and reconstruct the gliding zone. The surgical outcome and patient satisfaction are reviewed.

Results:
Among the 154 eyelids with high eyelid fold, mean lid crease height decreased from 9.8 mm preoperation to 6.8 mm (P<0.001) and mean pretarsal show decreased from 3.5 mm preoperation to 1.9 mm 6 months postoperation (P <0.001). The esthetic outcome was fully satisfied in 78 patients (90.7%) and basically satisfied in 6 patients (7.0%). Two patients (2.3%) were unsatisfied because of ptosis undercorrection in 1 patient and asymmetry in the other. They both got satisfied results after reoperation.

Conclusions:
The tarsus-orbicularis fixation combined orbital fat repositioning technique is a simple and effective method to correct high eyelid folds with high satisfaction and rare complications.