bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ammonia volatilization and marandu grass production in response to enhanced-efficiency nitrogen fertilizers
Authors: Cassimiro Juliana Bonfim , de Oliveira Clayton Luis Baravelli , Boni Ariele da Silva , Donato Natália de Lima , Heinrichs Reges 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Aims The objective of this study was to evaluate dry matter (DM) production of Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu and ammonia volatilization in response to rates and sources of enhanced-efficiency N fertilizers.
Methods The experiment was installed in a pasture area, evaluated over two growing seasons. A randomized block design with four replications was used, in a 4x2+1 factorial arrangement, consisting of four N sources (Urea - Ur Conv ; Ammonium nitrate - AN; Ureia+NBPT - Ur NBPT ; Urea+Duromide - Ur Duromide ) and two nitrogen rates (100 and 200 kg ha -1 year), plus a treatment without nitrogen fertilization (control).
Results At both N rates, ammonia volatilization from Ur Conv100/200 was highest. Ammonia volatilization was lower after Ur NBPT and Ur Duromide application, with values similar to AN. Ammonia losses from Ur Duromide tend to be lower than from Ur NBPT . The N use efficiency in dry matter production of Marandu was influenced by the N sources and rates. At both N rates, the efficiency of Ur Duromide and Ur NBPT was greater than that of Ur Conv . With regard to total DM and leaf percentage in response to N rates, DM production increased after 200 kg N ha -1 rates in response to all sources, in both years.
Conclusions The Ur Duromide reduce N losses by volatilization compared to Ur NBPT and Ur conv, and resulted in greater total DM production and relative leaf production of Marandu, in comparison to Ur NBPT, AN and Ur conv.
In Vitro Evaluation of Anticoagulant Therapy Management when Urgent Percutaneous Coronary Intervention is Required in Rivaroxaban-Treated Patients
Authors: MELEK Mehmet , Ari Hasan , ARI Selma , CILGIN Mehmet Can , YARAR Mücahit , HUYSAL Kagan , AĞCA Fahriye Vatansever , BOZAT Tahsin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objectives: We investigated in vitro the management of intraprocedural anticoagulation in patients requiring immediate percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) while using regular direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs).
Materials and methods: Twenty-five patients taking 20mg of rivaroxaban once daily comprised the study group, while five healthy volunteers included the control group. In the study group, a beginning (24 hours after the last rivaroxaban dose) examination was performed. Then, the effects of basal and four different anticoagulant doses (50 IU/kg unfractionated heparin (UFH), 100 IU/kg UFH, 0.5 mg/kg enoxaparin, and 1 mg/kg enoxaparin) on coagulation parameters were investigated at the 4th and 12th hours following rivaroxaban intake. The effects of four different anticoagulant doses were evaluated in the control group. The anticoagulant activity was assessed mainly by anti-factor Xa (anti-Xa) levels.
Results: Beginning anti-Xa levels were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group (0.69±0.77 IU/mL vs. 0.20±0.14 IU/mL; p <0.05). The study group's 4th and 12th-hour anti-Xa levels were significantly higher than the beginning level (1.96±1.35 IU/mL vs. 0.69±0.77 IU/mL; p <0.001 and 0.94±1.21 IU/mL vs. 0.69±0.77 IU/mL; p <0.05, respectively). Anti-Xa levels increased significantly in the study group with the addition of UFH and enoxaparin doses at the 4th and 12th hour than beginning (p <0.001 at all doses). The safest anti-Xa level (from 0.94±1.21 IU/mL to 2.00±1.02 IU/mL) was achieved 12 hours after rivaroxaban with 0.5mg/kg enoxaparin.
Conclusion: Anticoagulant activity was sufficient for urgent PCI at the 4th hour after rivaroxaban treatment, and additional anticoagulant administration may not be required at this time. Twelve hours after taking rivaroxaban, administering 0.5mg/kg of enoxaparin may provide adequate and safe anticoagulant activity for immediate PCI (NCT05541757).
Spatial-temporal variations of extreme precipitation indices and their linkage with atmospheric circulation in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River
Authors: yang jing , Huang Ya , Li Zhenhua , Li Yanping 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Under the background of climate change, increasing frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation causes serious impacts and huge losses to society and economy. It is significant to analyze the spatial and temporal variation of extreme precipitation for regional risk assessment. Nine extreme precipitation indices were calculated using the daily precipitation data of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River (MLYR) from 1979 to 2015. Linear trend analysis and the Mann-Kendall trend test were carried out to determine the variation trend of the nine extreme precipitation indices. In addition, the potential influences of anomalous atmospheric circulation factors on extreme precipitation were explored using the wavelet coherence analysis technique. The results show that: (1) the overall wetting trend is detected in the MLYR, and the PRCPTOT and RX1day increased significantly; (2) Extreme precipitation decreased from southeast to northwest in the MLYR, indicating that extreme precipitation events are more prone to occur in the southeast of the MLYR; (3) the Western Pacific Subtropical High (WPSH), the South China Sea high (SCSH) and the East Asian westerly jet (EAJ) all strongly impact on the changes of precipitation in the MLYR, among which the WPSH has the most significant impact, followed by the SCSH, and the EAJ is weaker.
Transcriptome and metabolome profiling reveal the effect of MTB virulence protein Rv3874 and Rv3875 on macrophage Sphingolipid metabolism
Authors: Zhang Pinbo , Qian Minya , Fu Lu , Zhang Linbo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Normal lipid metabolism is a key process to maintaining cellular immune function and energy metabolism of macrophages, but Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection can cause lipid metabolism disorder of macrophages, resulting in granuloma or intracellular retention.
Methods
Recombinant BCG with virulence protein Rv3874 or Rv3875(rBCG-Rv3874 and rBCG-Rv3875)were constructed. Transcriptomics and High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) metabonomics studies were performed using rBCG infected macrophage samples. Extensive and variation difference analyses were conducted on transcription and lipid metabolism levels compared with the control group.
Results
A fact is that 7100 genes were changed in the rBCG-Rv3874 group and 1263 genes were changed in the rBCG-Rv3875 group at the RNA-seq level. A total of 612 and 485 substances were detected in the non-targeted positive and negative ion mode of lipid metabolism, and a total of 1240 and 210 metabolites were detected in the targeted positive and negative ion mode of lipid metabolism. Finally, it was found that the lipid changes related to the sphingomyelin (SM) metabolic pathway were the most obvious. 220 kinds of SM metabolites were detected by positive ion detection, and it was found that more ceramide, ceramide-1-phosphate, and SM were enriched in the rBCG-Rv3874 group than in rBCG-Rv3875 group.
Conclusion
MTB virulence proteins Rv3874 and Rv3875 can affect the sphingolipid metabolism of macrophages and it's associated with phagocytosis, apoptosis, and inflammatory processes.
Restoration Peculiarities of Water Reserves of Underground Basins in the Mountain Relief Regions
Authors: Sahakyan Samvel V. , Yedoyan Tatevik V. , Vartanyan Arevshad A. , Avanesyan Eleonora V. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The goal of this research is to figure out how to increase the efficiency with which water resources are used in mountainous areas. The paper shows that by example of artificial filling of the Ararat artesian basin (AAB) of the Republic of Armenia, the financial costs can be significantly reduced, by spending less than 2–3 million dollars (0.05–0.075 dollar/m3) for pumping yearly 40 million m3 of water into the underground basin, for construction of the facility that includes a water intake, pipeline, well cleaning, instead of the capital investment of 230–250 million dollars (5.75–6.25 dollar/m3) for construction of the reservoir to collect the same volume of water per year. In addition to this, the annual service of the reservoir and the transportation of water from the reservoir to places of need by means of canals require significant financial resources. Thanks to the experience of filling AAB in the amount of 40 million m3/year, it is possible to restore, to increase the resources of the ground water and to solve the problem of its reduction. The obtained results of studies can be used in different regions with mountainous relief.
Community and health system stressors and coping mechanisms during a double crisis: a qualitative case study from Myanmar
Authors: Kyaw Hnin Kalyar , Than Kyu Kyu , Diaconu Karin , Witter Sophie 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic and political crisis, Myanmar’s health system has suspended routine services while struggling to respond to the pandemic. Many people who need continuous care, like pregnant women and people with chronic illnesses, have been facing challenges in seeking and receiving essential health services. This study explored stressors on the health system and community health seeking practices and coping mechanisms.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional qualitative study based on 12 in-depth-interviews with pregnant people and persons with pre-existing chronic health conditions. Sampling was purposive, convenience-based and snowball sampling was also used. The 3-delays framework was used to understand how persons were interacting with and accessing health care services; community and health system stressors and coping mechanisms in relation to COVID-19 were also identified.
Results:Findings showed that Myanmar’s fragile health system was greatly affected by the pandemic and political crisis. People were unable to access essential health services on time. The health facilities were not available to see patients, with serious shortages in human resources, medicines and equipment, resulting in interruption of essential routine services. The prices of medicines and consultation fees, and transportation costs, increased during this period. Limited options for accessing care were available due to travel restrictions and curfews. It became challenging to receive quality care because of unavailable public facilities and private hospitals being costly.
Despite these challenges, the Myanmar people and health system have shown resilience. Cohesive and organized family support structures and extended and deep social networks played an important role in accessing health care. At times of emergency, people relied on community-based social organizations for transportation and accessing essential medicines. The health system also showed resilience through establishing new service provision options, such as teleconsultations, mobile clinics, and sharing medical advice through social media.
Conclusions:This is the first study in Myanmar to explore peoples’ perceptions of COVID19, the health system and their healthcare experiences during political crisis. Although there is no easy way to cope with this dual hardship, the people and the health system, even in a fragile and shock-prone setting like Myanmar, stayed resilient by developing alternative pathways for seeking and providing health services.
Medical Students’ Awareness and Attitudes Regarding Boundary Issues
Authors: Tynan Dominic , Park Jeannie , Zheng William , Stanek Samuel , Nair Narayani , Lampe Lisa 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Professional boundaries promote safe and effective healthcare. Whilst sexual boundary violations have been a research focus, it has been suggested that non-sexual boundary violations may represent a ‘slippery slope’, whereby crossing relatively minor boundaries can progress to serious boundary violations. Medical school presents an opportunity to support medical students with strategies to manage boundary challenges more effectively as doctors. The current study aimed to examine medical students’ awareness and confidence in managing boundary crossings and compare findings across year groups. Students in years 1, 3 and 5 of a five-year undergraduate program at one medical school in Australia, were invited to participate in an anonymous online survey which used multiple choice and free text questions to explore reactions to five scenarios demonstrating some level of boundary crossing. Students were asked about prior training and suggestions for future training. Quantitative data was analysed using omnibus chi-square tests and Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVAs for non-parametric data; free text data was analysed using coding and grouping similar themes. Final year students most accurately identified boundary crossings yet were somewhat more willing to cross ‘grey’ or less clear-cut boundaries. Year 3 students consistently reported the lowest levels of confidence in managing scenarios. Students reported little to no formal teaching relevant to the scenarios presented and supported inclusion of education regarding boundary issues in formal curricula. Our findings further suggest a need for education regarding management of the clinician-student power dynamic and there is demand from students for more teaching and support around ‘grey’ boundary crossings.
Investigation of SCCmec Types using the Real Time PCR Method in Cefoxitin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates
Authors: Sağlam Mustafa , Kılıç İbrahim Halil , ZER Yasemin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an important pathogen that can cause many community and hospital-acquired infections. This study was conducted to investigate the SCCmec gene types responsible for methicillin resistance in MRSA isolates isolated from hospitalised patients.
Methods: MRSA isolates isolated from samples sent from various clinics to Gaziantep University Şahinbey Research and Application Hospital Microbiology Laboratory between March 2021 and January 2022 were included in the study. Bacteria were identified using conventional methods and the VITEK 2 automated system. Cefoxitin (FOX) resistance was determined by the disk diffusion method according to European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) standards. FOX resistance was confirmed by the (Penicillin Binding Protein 2' (PBP2') latex agglutination test. Types of mecA, mecC, coa, nuc, Panton Valentin Leukocidin (PVL), ccrC2, class A mec, SCCmec (I, II, III, IVa, IVb, IVc, IVd, IVg, IVh, IVi, IVj, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII and XIII) in isolates detected as MRSA were investigated by real time PCR.
Results: In this study 116 isolates meeting the study criteria were examined. By detecting the nuc and coa genes in all isolates by PCR, the phenotypic identification of S.aureuswas confirmed. While the mecA gene was detected in all MRSA isolates, no mecC gene was detected in any isolates. SCCmec Type I was detected in three isolates (2.6%), Type II in 33 (28.4%), Type III in 15 (12.9%), Type IVa in 13 (11.2%) 3.4) Type IVb, four (3.4%) Type IVc, 14 (12.1%) Type IVg, one (0.9%) Type V, five (4.3%) Type VII, Type VIII in 21 (18.1%), Type IX in one (0.9%), and Type XII was detected in two (1.7%) isolates. On the other hand, SCCmec Type VI, Type X, Type XI and type XIII were not found in any isolate. It was determined that four of the MRSA isolates (3.4%) carried the PVL gene.
Conclusions: Monitoring of FOX resistance is an effective and safety method in determination of MRSA isolates. The change in mec gene cause resistance should be monitored regularly with molecular methods. Our study is the first study in Turkey in this context.
Development of energy bar using underutilized Chironji (Buchanania lanzan) seeds
Authors: Safvi Ambreen Fatima , Ahmad Alisha , Younis Kaiser , Yousuf Owais 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The research aimed to develop a new product using underutilized seeds; hence an energy bar was developed using Chironji (Buchanania lanzan) seeds. Chironji seeds, oats, puffed rice, dates, condensed milk, jaggery, butter, raisins, and almonds were combined to make the energy bars. Chironji seeds and Condensed Milk were added as major ingredients for the production of energy bars. Date paste was added to increase flavor and also as a binding agent. Butter and jaggery were added as preservatives and sweetener. The finished bars were preserved for nutritional and sensory analysis. Chironji seeds and condensed milk were used in varied proportions and a total of five samples were prepared. As per the analysis, Moisture content (8.00 ± 2.00% to 12.00 ± 2.00%), Ash content (1.33 ± 1.16% to 3.33 ± 1.16%), Fat content (24.00 ± 2.00% to 27.33 ± 1.16%), Protein content (10.57 ± 0.12% to 12.93 ± 0.58%), TSS (7.33 ± 0.58º to 8.00 ± 1.00º), and pH (5.26 ± 0.01 to 5.36 ± 0.01) were the physicochemical properties measured in all of the prepared energy bar samples. The L* value (51.23 ± 0.25 to 74.17 ± 0.21), a* value (7.90 ± 0.20 to 21.23 ± 0.25), and b* value (27.27 ± 0.25 to 52.27 ± 0.25) of the bar samples were determined using the CIE lab. Energy bars were rated on the 9-point hedonic scale for sensory evaluation and the attributes of color (7.67 ± 0.58 to 8.67 ± 0.58), texture (8.33 ± 0.58 to 9.00 ± 0.00), taste (7.67 ± 0.58 to 9.00 ± 0.00), aroma (8.00 ± 0.00 to 8.33 ± 0.58), and overall acceptability (8.17 ± 0.14 to 8.83 ± 0.14) were measured.
The Effect of Metals on Zeolite Crystallization Kinetics with Relevance to Nuclear Waste Glass Corrosion
Authors: Neeway James , Reiser Joelle , Mpourmpakis Giannis , Motkuri Radha , Mallette Adam , Rimer Jeffrey 
Published: October 2022

AbstractVitrification and geologic disposal of radioactive material is planned in several countries, but there are remaining uncertainties related to the long-term stability of glass exposed to groundwater. Specifically, the crystallization of aluminosilicate zeolite minerals can accelerate the rate at which glass corrodes and radioactive material is released into the biosphere. In this study, we identify elemental species that may accelerate or suppress zeolite formation using a protocol to examine their effects on zeolite synthesis over a three-day duration. Our results are consistent with previous works demonstrating glass corrosion acceleration in the presence of calcium. Furthermore, we identify two elements – tin and lithium – as inhibitors of zeolite P2 (GIS type, or gismondine) nucleation and, thus, promising species for promoting the long-term durability of glass waste forms.
Mendelian randomization analyses reveal causal relationships between the human microbiome and longevity
Authors: Liu Xiaomin , Zou Leying , Nie Chao , Qin Youwen , Tong Xin , Wang Jian , Huanming Yang , Xu Xun , Jin Xin , Xiao Liang , Zhang Tao , Min Junxia , Zeng Yi , Jia Huijue , Hou Yong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Although recent studies have revealed the association between the human microbiome especially gut microbiota and longevity, their causality remains unclear. Here, we assess the causal relationships between the human microbiome (oral and gut microbiota) and longevity, by leveraging bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses based on genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics of the gut and oral microbiome from the 4D-SZ cohort and longevity from the CLHLS cohort. We found that some disease-protected gut microbiota such as Coriobacteriaceae and Oxalobacter as well as the probiotic Lactobacillus amylovorus causally related to increased odds of longevity, whereas the other gut microbiota such as colorectal cancer pathogen Fusobacterium nucleatum, Coprococcus, Streptococcus, Lactobacillus and Neisseria negatively associated with longevity. The reverse MR analysis further revealed genetically longevous individuals tended to have higher abundances of Prevotella and Paraprevotella but lower abundances of Bacteroides and Fusobacterium species. Causalities between the gut microbiota and longevity showed a big heterogeneity among populations. We also identified abundant causalities between the oral microbiome and longevity. The additional analysis suggested that centenarians genetically had a lower gut microbial diversity, but no difference in oral microbiota. Our findings help separate causal roles of the human microbiome in longevity from secondary changes associated with aging and underscore the relocation of commensal microbes among different body sites that would need to be monitored for a long and healthy life.
Relaxation Effect of Conversation and Hand-Mediated Therapy on the Recipient and Practitioner - Assessed by Heart Rate Variability and Profile of Mood States Second Edition (POMS2)
Authors: Kohama Yuko , Kasai Yumiko , Ushio Yoko , Teruya Koji 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Few studies have provided detailed analyses of sustained evaluations during manual interventions, and their physiological and psychological effects are not well known. Moreover, no studies have evaluated the effects of conversation in combination with intervention. We investigated the effects of conversation and hand-mediated therapy on the autonomic nervous systems and moods of both recipients and practitioners.
Methods: Participants were university students (n=30). Two different interventions were included: one in which conversation was maintained during massage, and the other without conversation. Outcomes were heart rate variability (HRV) measurements and the Profile of Mood States Second Edition (POMS2), which were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance, multiple comparisons, the difference between means test, the Friedman test, and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Intervention I data measured was from October 2016 to September 2017 whereas Invention II data was measured from January 2019 to March 2019. The study data was analyzed from October 2017 to October 2019.
Results: After 15 min of rest, both negative and positive mood states were significantly reduced. In the presence of conversation, sympathetic nerve activity significantly increased, and a significant decrease in negative mood states was observed in POMS2, as well as a rising tendency for positive mood states. In massage recipients, a significant increase in parasympathetic nervous activity was noted when conversation was absent; however, when conversation was present, there was an increase in sympathetic nervous activity and a decrease in parasympathetic nervous activity, but only the decline in the mean heart rate (MHR) was significant. All negative items significantly declined in POMS2. The mean value of sympathetic activity in the group of practitioners was significantly higher after the intervention than before, regardless of the presence or absence of conversation. In the presence of conversation, all negative POMS2 items significantly declined.
Conclusion: Hand-mediated therapies suppressed conversation-mediated sympathetic nervous system activity. The absence of conversation produced a more pronounced relaxation effect in the massage recipient. In terms of mood, the relaxation effect was more powerful in the presence of conversation. Furthermore, in the presence of conversation, a mood-based relaxation effect on the practitioner was confirmed.
Trial registration: None