bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complementarity between success probability and coherence in Grover search algorithm
Authors: Pan Minghua , Situ Haozhen , Zheng Shenggen 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Coherence plays a very important role in Grover search algorithm (GSA). In this paper, we define the normalization coherence

, where C is a coherence measurement. By virtue of the constraint of large N and Shannon's maximum entropy principle, a surprising complementary relationship between the coherence and the success probability of GSA is obtained. Namely,

, where C is in terms of the relative entropy of coherence and l
1 norm of coherence, t is the number of the search iterations in GSA. Moreover, the equation holds no matter either in ideal or noisy environments. Considering the number of qubits is limited in the recent noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era, some exact numerical calculation experiments are presented for different database sizes N with different types of noises. The results show that the complementarity between the success probability and the coherence almost always holds. This work provides a new perspective to improve the success probability by manipulating its complementary coherence, and vice versa. It has an excellent potential for helping quantum algorithms design in the NISQ era.
Classical bridge functions in classical and quantum plasma liquids
Authors: Lucco Castello F. , Tolias P. , Dornheim T. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Bridge functions, the missing link in the exact description of strong correlations, are indirectly extracted from specially designed molecular dynamics simulations of classical one-component plasma liquids and accurately parameterized. Their incorporation into an advanced integral equation theory description of Yukawa one-component plasma liquids and a novel dielectric formalism scheme for quantum one-component plasma liquids lead to an unprecedented agreement with available molecular dynamics simulations and new ab initio path integral Monte Carlo simulations, respectively.
A systematic review of retinoic acid in the journey of spermatogonium to spermatozoa: From basic to clinical application
Authors: Margiana Ria , Pakpahan Cennikon , Pangestu Mulyoto 
Published: May 2022

Background: Retinoic acid plays an essential role in testicular development and functions, especially spermatogenesis. We have reviewed the role of retinoic acid from basic (molecular) to clinical application. Methods: A search was conducted in the online database including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus for English studies published in the last eight years about this issue. We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines in assessing the studies we are going to investigate. Results: Studies indicated that retinoic acid plays an essential role during pluripotent stem cell migration and lineage commitment, cell differentiation, apoptosis, stem cell number regulation, and maturation arrest in spermatogenic cells. Retinoic acid can also affect related protein expression and signaling pathways at different stages of spermatogenesis. Four studies have applied retinoic acid to humans, all of them in the single-arm observational study. The results look promising but need further research with more controlled study methods, randomization, and large samples. Conclusions: This current systematic review emphasizes a novel retinoic acid mechanism that has not been well described in the literature previously on its functions during the first seven days of spermatogenesis, leading to new directions or explanations of male infertility cause and treatments as a part of reproductive health care.
The role of endothelial microparticles in children with asthma: Does it promote atherosclerosis progress?
Authors: Garina Lisa Adhia , Supriyatno Bambang , Yunus Faisal , Timan Ina Susianti , Hermani Bambang , Kekalih Aria , B. Kartasasmita Cissy , Suwarto Suhendro 
Published: May 2022

Background: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease that has been linked to enhanced risks for atherosclerosis. The impact of asthma on cardiovascular disease risk in children is less well established. Asthma is defined by a history of respiratory symptoms and accompanied by airflow limitation, with heterogeneous clinical manifestations, and variability in the intensity of airway inflammation and remodeling. Endothelial microparticles (EMP) are biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction in several chronic diseases. Endothelial microparticles initiate an event of atherosclerotic plaque formation. Our study aimed to evaluate the role of endothelial microparticles in children with asthma. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on a total of 50 children with asthma aged seven‒17 years. Children with asthma exacerbations, infections, and steroid use were excluded. Endothelial microparticles were measured with beads, and the fluorescence signal was measured using a flow cytometer. Pro-inflammatory cytokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Results: Based on the results from 50 asthmatic children, it was found that most children had a normal nutritional status, intermittent, and allergic asthma. The results of this study also showed that the circulation of asthmatic children found that the mean levels (µL) of CD31+/CD62E+, CD31+/CD62E-, and CD62E+/CD31- were 2,392.99 ± 7,787.94; 922.14 ± 1,554.03; 198.97 ± 387.68, with the average ratio of CD31+/CD62E+, which was ≤1.0 and identifies apoptosis. Path analysis results found that IL-6, TNF-α, and CD31+/CD62E- EMP played a role in peak expiratory flow rate (%PEFR, p = 0.02; p = 0.003; p = 0.04) in children with allergic asthma. Conclusions: Endothelial microparticles play a role on peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) in children with allergic asthma. Further study is needed to investigate the role of these biomarkers and their correlation with pro-inflammatory cytokines in the mechanism of atherosclerosis progression.
Design of a High Efficiency Switched-Capacitor (SC) DC-DC Converter
Authors: Khawarizmi Ahmad , Lee Lini 
Published: May 2022

Portable electronic devices and miniaturized devices would require different operating voltages and load current which can be powered through DC-DC converter. In this paper, the proposed converter is based on a multiple topology of DC-DC converter circuit for more than one voltage gain regions using switched capacitor (SC) method. The post layout implementation showed that the high efficiency networks are achieved with low voltage drop and low internal resistance. The efficiency of 95% and 85% are shown, on the networks in the 1/2 and 2/3 voltage gain regions respectively, proving that this method is advantageous compared to other literature papers.
MENCIPTA TEKS SYAIR SEBAGAI BAHAN AJAR DI SMP
Authors: Wulandari Yosi , Purwanto Wachid Eko 
Published: May 2022

Tujuan pelaksanaan kegiatan ini adalah upaya menggali dan memunculkan potensi di kalangan guru yang memiliki tugas sebagai pendidik dan pengajar sekaligus contoh bagi peserta didiknya. Metode kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah metode pelatihan/praktik langsung di lapangan, yaitu praktik menulis teks syair. Â Hasil kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah guru-guru Bahasa Indonesia tingkat SMP di Kabupaten Bantul dapat meningkatkan kemampuan mencipta karya sastra. Selain itu, memiliki pemahaman terhadap cara pengembangan ide tulisan serta unsur syair. Setelah memiliki pemahaman tersebut, kegiatan pelatihan ini meluncurkan buku kumpulan teks syair karya guru-guru yang berjudul Ken Ratri dan Satria Batu Pualam. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan pengabdian berupa pelatihan penulisan teks syair ini dapat: (1) memperjelas motivasi dan orientasi bersastra sehingga terbentuk kejelasan sikap berkesenian sastra, (2) merangsang semangat (etos) kreatif para peserta pelatihan khususnya dan masyarakat pada umumnya, (3) memupuk minat dan bakat peserta pelatihan sehingga mereka memiliki kepekaan apresiasi dan kemampuan kritis/ekspresi serta pada giliran berikutnya mereka menjadi manusia yang memiliki kepribadian kreatif.
64-channel label-free fluorescence detection and single-particle counting device
Authors: Chen Siying , Du Xianda , Chen He , Guo Pan , Zhang Yinchao , Wu Huiyun 
Published: May 2022

A 64-channel detection system for laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) detection at the cell level is established and applied to single event counting. Generally, fluorescence detection at the cellular level requires a dyeing label to enhance the scattered light intensity for the photodetector. However, the dyeing labels, such as fluorophores, probes, and dyes, complicate sample preparation and increase cytotoxicity in the process. Therefore, label-free detection becomes essential for in vivo research. The presented 64-channel detection system is designed for label-free detection with the ability to record feeble emissions. Two linear photodetector devices are included in the system, extending the wavelength detection range to 366–680 nm with an improved spectral resolution at an average of 4.9 nm. The performance of the system was validated by detecting unlabeled human hepatocytes (L-02) and other cell-level biologic samples. In addition, the 64-channel detection system was also used for particle counting with a quartz microfluidic chip. The counting method is based on fluorescence spectra differs from those of other devices (i.e., flow cytometry and cell-sorting equipment), which use isolated irradiance intensities.
Based on network pharmacology and molecular docking to predict the mechanism of Huangqi in the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Lin Zesen , Zhang Zechao , Ye Xuejin , Zhu Min , Li Zhihong , Chen Yu , Huang Shuping 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundAs a kind of traditional Chinese medicine, HQ is widely mentioned in the treatment of cancerous diseases in China, which has been proven to have a therapeutic effect on cancerous diseases, such as prostate cancer. To predict the specific mechanism of HQ in the treatment of CRPC, we will conduct preliminary verification and discussion based on a comprehensive consideration of network pharmacology and molecular docking.MethodsTCMSP was used to obtain the compounds and reach the effective targets of HQ. The targets of CRPC were reached based on GeneCards database and CTD database. GO and KEGG were utilized for the analysis of overlapping targets. The software of Openbabel was used to convert the formats of ligands and reporters. In addition, molecular docking studies were performed by using the software of Autodock Vina.ResultIt can be seen from the database results that there were 87 active compounds (20 key active compounds) in HQ, and 33 targets were screened out for CRPC treatment. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses identified 81 significant GO terms and 24 significant KEGG pathways. There is a difference in terms of the expression of core protein between cancer patients and healthy people. The expression of core protein in patients also has an impact on the life cycle. The results of molecular docking showed that the docking activity of drug molecules and core proteins was better.ConclusionsIt is concluded from the results of this network pharmacology and molecular docking that HQ makes a multi-target and multi-biological process, and results in the multi-channel synergistic effect on the treatment of CRPC by regulating cell apoptosis, proliferation and metastasis, which still needs further verification by experimental research.
Impact and benefit-cost ratio of a program for the management of latent tuberculosis infection among refugees in a region of Canada
Authors: Pépin Jacques , Desjardins France , Carignan Alex , Lambert Michel , Vaillancourt Isabelle , Labrie Christiane , Mercier Dominique , Bourque Rachel , LeBlanc Louiselle 
Published: May 2022

Introduction
The identification and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among immigrants from high-incidence regions who move to low-incidence countries is generally considered an ineffective strategy because only ≈14% of them comply with the multiple steps of the ‘cascade of care’ and complete treatment. In the Estrie region of Canada, a refugee clinic was opened in 2009. One of its goals is LTBI management.

Methods
Key components of this intervention included: close collaboration with community organizations, integration within a comprehensive package of medical care for the whole family, timely delivery following arrival, shorter treatment through preferential use of rifampin, and risk-based selection of patients to be treated. Between 2009–2020, 5131 refugees were evaluated. To determine the efficacy and benefit-cost ratio of this intervention, records of refugees seen in 2010–14 (n = 1906) and 2018–19 (n = 1638) were reviewed. Cases of tuberculosis (TB) among our foreign-born population occurring before (1997–2008) and after (2009–2020) setting up the clinic were identified. All costs associated with TB or LTBI were measured.

Results
Out of 441 patients offered LTBI treatment, 374 (85%) were compliant. Adding other losses, overall compliance was 69%. To prevent one case of TB, 95.1 individuals had to be screened and 11.9 treated, at a cost of $16,056. After discounting, each case of TB averted represented $32,631, for a benefit-cost ratio of 2.03. Among nationals of the 20 countries where refugees came from, incidence of TB decreased from 68.2 (1997–2008) to 26.3 per 100,000 person-years (2009–2020). Incidence among foreign-born persons from all other countries not targeted by the intervention did not change.

Conclusions
Among refugees settling in our region, 69% completed the LTBI cascade of care, leading to a 61% reduction in TB incidence. This intervention was cost-beneficial. Current defeatism towards LTBI management among immigrants and refugees is misguided. Compliance can be enhanced through simple measures.
Oncologic outcomes of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy in elderly patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: A meta-analysis
Authors: Aghamir Seyed Mohammad Kazem , Khatami Fatemeh , Farrokhpour Hossein , Oliveira Reis Leonardo , Ahmadi Pishkuhi Mahin , Mohammadi Abdolreza 
Published: May 2022

Introduction
There is a challenge on the medical efficacy of intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) therapy and the power of the immune system boosting, which can be influenced by the age of the non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients. This meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy of BCG therapy among aged (>70) and younger patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).

Methods
The central database of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were queried until August 4, 2021, by using "BCG," "Bladder Cancer," "AGE," and "efficacy" keywords. After excluding duplicated results, titles and abstracts were evaluated by two independent reviewers. The exclusion criteria included non-English studies, conference abstracts, reviews, editorials, letters, and comments. Three main outcomes, disease-free survival (DFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS), were considered. The statistical analysis was performed using STATA (version 14; Stata Corp, College Station, Texas, USA).

Results
From 1115 found documents, the 24 research articles were recruited in the systematic review, and 10 were the candidate for meta-analysis. The overall estimate of H.R. revealed that BCG therapy in those over age 70 is significantly associated with an improved risk of progression and cancer-specific death in studied patients. However, this association was not statistically significant for DFS (1.04 (95% CI: 0.85,1.26)).

Conclusion
The BCG maintenance therapy improved CSS and PFS oncological outcomes in elderly patients with NMIBC. BCG therapy did not significantly change the DSF.
Predictors of Hepatitis B screening and vaccination status of young psychoactive substance users in informal settlements in Kampala, Uganda
Authors: Ssekamatte Tonny , Isunju John Bosco , Mutyoba Joan Nankya , Tetui Moses , Mugambe Richard K. , Nalugya Aisha , Kansiime Winnifred K. , Kitchen Chenai , Brenda Wagaba , Oputan Patience , Bukenya Justine Nnakate , Buregyeya Esther , Kibira Simon P. S. 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundYoung psychoactive substance users exhibit high-risk behaviours such as unprotected sexual intercourse, and sharing needles and syringes, which increases their risk of Hepatitis B infection. However, there is limited evidence of screening, and vaccination status of this subgroup. The aim of this study was to establish the predictors of screening and completion of the hepatitis B vaccination schedule.MethodsA cross-sectional study using respondent driven sampling was used to enrol respondents from twelve out of fifty-seven informal settlements in Kampala city. Data were collected using an electronic structured questionnaire uploaded on the KoboCollect mobile application, and analysed using Stata version 14. A “modified” Poisson regression analysis was done to determine the predictors of screening while logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of completion of the Hepatitis B vaccination schedule.ResultsAbout 13.3% (102/768) and 2.7% (21/768) of the respondents had ever screened for Hepatitis B, and completed the Hepatitis B vaccination schedule respectively. Being female (aPR 1.61, 95% CI: 1.11–2.33), earning a monthly income >USD 136 (aPR 1.78, 95% CI: 1.11–2.86); completion of the Hepatitis B vaccination schedule (aPR 1.85, 95% CI: 1.26–2.70); lack of awareness about the recommended Hepatitis B vaccine dose (aPR 0.43, 95% CI: 0.27–0.68); and the belief that the Hepatitis B vaccine is effective in preventing Hepatitis B infection (aPRR 3.67, 95% CI: 2.34–5.73) were associated with “ever screening” for Hepatitis B. Knowledge of the recommended Hepatitis B vaccine dose (aOR 0.06, 95% CI: 0.01–0.35); “ever screening” for hepatitis B (aOR 9.68, 95% CI: 2.17–43.16) and the belief that the hepatitis B vaccine is effective in preventing Hepatitis B infection (aOR 11.8, 95% CI: 1.13–110.14) were associated with completion of the hepatitis B vaccination schedule.ConclusionsOur findings indicate a low prevalence of Hepatitis B screening and completion of the Hepatitis B vaccination schedule among young psychoactive substance users in informal settings. It is evident that lack of awareness about Hepatitis B is associated with the low screening and vaccination rates. We recommend creation of awareness of Hepatitis B among young people in urban informal settlements.
Disposal practices of unused and expired pharmaceuticals among the general public in Quetta city, Pakistan
Authors: Shoaib Muhammad , Raziq Abdul , Iqbal Qaiser , Saleem Fahad , Haider Sajjad , Ishaq Rabia , Iqbal Zaffar , Bashaar Mohammad 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveAlthough community practices towards disposal of expired and unused medications vary globally, the phenomenon is neglected specifically in developing countries. We, therefore, aimed to assess the disposal practices of unused and expired pharmaceuticals among the general public in Quetta city, Pakistan.MethodsA questionnaire-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted among 830 respondents in Quetta city, Pakistan. A pre-validated, structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were coded and analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 26. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were sued and p<0.05 was taken as significant.ResultsAlmost 87% of the respondents had unused medicines at their homes and reusing the medications was the purpose of medicine storage (50%). Medicines were mostly kept in refrigerators (36.0%) followed by bedrooms (28.8%). Fifty percent of the respondents never checked the expiry date before using the medications. The procedure to dispose of nearly expired or expired medicines was unknown to 88% of the respondents and for those reasons, medicines were disposed either in household trash or flushed in the toilet or sink. Interestingly, medicines were kept at home even after being expired by 27% of the respondents. Income was associated with reason of storing medicines (p = 0.004; φc = 0.402) while educational status had significant associations with storage of medications (p = 0.002; φc = 0.399), reading about storage instructions (p = 0.008; φc = 0.452) and checking expiry date before purchasing and using the medicines (p = 0.007; φc = 0.114 and p = 0.001; φc = 0.100) respectively.ConclusionImproper storage and disposal of unused and expired medications is a common practice among study respondents and raised serious concerns. Findings of the current study call upon immediate development and implementation of the strategies to promote awareness and strengthen the pharmaceutical waste management program at the societal level.
Differential gene expression profile of multinodular goiter
Authors: de Figueiredo Wenberger Lanza Daniel , Lopes Eraldo Ferreira , Jezini Deborah Laredo , Marçal Lorena Naciff , de Assunção Enedina Nogueira , Ribeiro Rodrigues Paulo Rodrigo , José da Mota Adolfo , Carvalho Diego Monteiro de , Filho Spartaco Astolfi , Lopes Botelho João Bosco 
Published: May 2022

Introduction
The goiter, a neglected heterogeneous molecular disease, remains a major indication for thyroidectomies in its endemic regions.

Objectives
This study analyzed differential gene expression in surgical specimens diagnosed with multi nodular and compared the data to that of thyroid tissue without multinodular goiter from patients undergoing thyroidectomy in Manaus-AM, Brazil using RNA-seq technology.

Methodology
The transcriptome information of the surgical specimen fragments with and without multinodular goiter was accessed by Illumina HiSeq 2000 New Generation Sequencing (NGS) using the RNA-seq NEBNext® Ultra™ RNA Library Prep Kit for Illumina®—#E7530L protocol and differential gene expression analysis.

Results
Differences were found between the gene expression profiles of the diseased tissues and those of the healthy control tissues; at least 70 genes were differentially expressed. The HOTS gene was expressed only in multinodular goiter tissues (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
These results demonstrate that the gene expression profile of multinodular goiter is pro-tumoral and that HOTS can play a central role in multinodular goiter development.
Multi-locus SNP analyses of interleukin 1 receptor associated kinases 2 gene polymorphisms with the susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Ghouri Maham , Ismail Muhammad , Zaidi Syeda Areesha , Rehman Shafique , Dahani Asadullah , Saleem Saima , Zehra Sitwat 
Published: May 2022

Background
The genetic polymorphisms (rs708035, rs3844283) of Interleukin-1 receptor associated kinases 2 (IRAK2) is involved in the NFκB regulatory pathway. The frequencies of IRAK2 gene are unknown in Pakistani population. Therefore, the study was designed to examine the association of targeted single nucleotide polymorphism(s) in IRAK2 gene of RA patients.

Methodology
The study participants were selected by ACR/EULAR 2010 standards. After ethical approval, the blood samples of patients and healthy controls were collected for the extraction of DNA followed by the amplification of targeted polymorphism(s) via Tetra-primer Amplification Refractory Mutation System (T-ARMS PCR). Desired products were observed via agarose gel electrophoresis.

Results
The allele frequency of wild type A and C is frequent among patients and mutant T and G is frequent among controls. The rs708035 showed significant protective association while rs3844283 was found to be associated with risk of RA. Genetic model associations were applied to determine the role of genotypes. In combination analyses of alleles revealed AC haplotype was found to be associated with risk and TG provide protection against RA. Moreover, targeted SNPs were found to be in 61% Linkage Disequilibrium among the targeted population.

Conclusions
Current study revealed the protective and risk association of targeted SNPs (rs708035, rs3844283). Study might be beneficial as it provides baseline data regarding targeted SNPs and their role in the disease progression. This could be served as potential biomarker for diagnostic purpose and effectively utilized in precision medicine approach.