bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unharnessed Potential
Authors: Hill Phoebe , Apeland Gry , Scanlan Mark 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Theological reflection is a much discussed and written about form of theological practice within youth ministry and is taught as a core component in theological training in the UK. This article discusses research into the practice of theological reflection by Christian youth workers in the UK. It compares and contrasts the understanding and use of theological reflection by those with and without formal training. The research reveals similar attitudes toward and practices of theological reflection by both groups, but more regular usage by those with training. Further, the research showed limited forms of theological reflection were being used and as such this article explores the implications of this and makes several recommendations for developing both training and practice of Christian youth workers.
Overcoming Inequality of Access and Participation Through Institutional, International, and Governmental Collaboration: a Case Study
Authors: Martin George E. , Morris Caroline S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
On October 27, 2021, the U.S. Department of State’s Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs (eca) named St. Edward’s University as one of only 35 Fulbright hsi Leaders. On the same day, eca recognized St. Edward’s as a Top Producing Institution during the past 20 years in the Benjamin A. Gilman International Scholarship Program, which funds low-income American students studying abroad. How did this happen at a small, Hispanic-Serving, majority-minority university, with a large percentage of low-income students (44% Federal Pell Grant recipients)? The answer lies in the decision by St. Edward’s to strategically create and foster a network of internal partnerships, and national and international partnerships with other universities and government-sponsored organizations, to significantly improve the quality of the educational experience for all students (especially low-income and students of color) and to multiply opportunities for them to contend and achieve in the most competitive national and international student competitions.
Submucosal Clustered Brownish Microvessels Based on NBI Endoscopy: A Characteristic of LPR
Authors: Xie Meng , Zhang Qing‐Qing , Liu Xiao‐Hong , Guo Rui‐Xin , Chen Yang‐Juan , Ma Si‐Jing , Liu Hai‐Qin , Ren Xiao‐Yong , Luo Hua‐Nan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to analyze the characteristics of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) by using narrow band imaging (NBI) endoscopy.Study DesignA prospective study.SettingA large‐volume practice with tertiary care providers.MethodsA total of 67 patients with suspected LPR who underwent 24‐hour multichannel intraluminal impedance–pH monitoring were included from June 2020 to March 2022. Manifestations of NBI endoscopy included submucosal clustered brownish microvessels (CBMs), spotted brownish microvessels, and no special microvessels; the latter 2 formed the non‐CBM group. The manifestations of all patients and their changes were observed after 8 weeks of proton pump inhibitor and symptomatic treatment for patients with LPR, and symptomatic treatment for patients without LPR.ResultsAccording to the results of 24‐hour multichannel intraluminal impedance–pH monitoring, the incidence of submucosal CBMs was significantly higher in patients with LPR (30 cases) than in those without LPR (37 cases, P < .001), particularly in the posterior cricoid area (P < .001). Besides Reflux Finding Score, the incidence of signs such as subglottic edema and vocal fold edema was significantly higher in the CBM group than the non‐CBM group (P < .05). Finally, 22 patients with LPR (91.7%) and only 2 patients without LPR (28.6%) underwent a transformation from CBMs to spotted brownish microvessels after continuous medication for 8 weeks in the CBM group (χ2 = 15.916, P < .001), while no significant change was observed in patients with or without LPR in the non‐CBM group (P > .05).ConclusionSubmucosal CBMs in the posterior cricoid area under NBI endoscopy may be a characteristic of LPR.Level of Evidence: 4.
Medium-Temperature-Oxidized GeOx Resistive-Switching Random-Access Memory and Its Applicability in Processing-in-Memory Computing
Authors: Udaya Mohanan Kannan , Cho Seongjae , Park Byung-Gook 
Published: July 2022

AbstractProcessing-in-memory (PIM) is emerging as a new computing paradigm to replace the existing von Neumann computer architecture for data-intensive processing. For the higher end-user mobility, low-power operation capability is more increasingly required and components need to be renovated to make a way out of the conventional software-driven artificial intelligence. In this work, we investigate the hardware performances of PIM architecture that can be presumably constructed by resistive-switching random-access memory (ReRAM) synapse fabricated with a relatively larger thermal budget in the full Si processing compatibility. By introducing a medium-temperature oxidation in which the sputtered Ge atoms are oxidized at a relatively higher temperature compared with the ReRAM devices fabricated by physical vapor deposition at room temperature, higher device reliability has been acquired. Based on the empirically obtained device parameters, a PIM architecture has been conceived and a system-level evaluations have been performed in this work. Considerations include the cycle-to-cycle variation in the GeOx ReRAM synapse, analog-to-digital converter resolution, synaptic array size, and interconnect latency for the system-level evaluation with the Canadian Institute for Advance Research-10 dataset. A fully Si processing-compatible and robust ReRAM synapse and its applicability for PIM are demonstrated.
Graphical Abstract
Associations of multicomponent exercise and aspects of physical performance with frailty trajectory in older adults
Authors: Chiu Tzu-Ying , Yu Hsiao-Wei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Previous research has shown that frailty leads to falls, institutionalization, hospitalization, and the loss of functional capacity. While numerous intervention methods aim to reverse frailty, the most effective in older adults is multicomponent exercise. Physical performance has been highlighted as a key factor in mobility, independence, and the burden of chronic disease. Several studies have demonstrated an association between physical performance and frailty; however, the relation between the two over the long term has not yet been fully investigated. Therefore, the current study aims to examine how aspects of physical performance are associated with frailty in the long run for older adults in Taiwan.

Methods
This nine-month longitudinal study employed the generalized estimating equation (GEE) modeling to identify measures associated with frailty trajectory. A sample of 159 community-dwelling older adults was recruited through purposive sampling in 12 community care centers in Taiwan. A quasi-experimental approach was adopted in which participants were assigned to the control group or to receive a multicomponent exercise intervention and examined sociodemographic, physical performance, and other factors at the baseline, post intervention (3 months), and follow up (6 months) levels. The multicomponent exercise program was designed based on the principles of the American College of Sports Medicine and comprised aerobic exercise, muscle-strengthening activities, balance training, and stretching exercises once per week for 2 h per session for 12 weeks.

Results
After intervention, we found that the multicomponent exercise group exhibited better performance in the 2-minute step test than the control group (p < 0.05). Regarding long-term effects on frailty trajectories, the study finds that age progression, being female, and longer completion time in the timed up and go test increase the probability of frailty (p < 0.05). Conversely, more steps in the 2-minute step test and undertaking the multicomponent exercise program reduced the long-term probability of frailty (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
This study is the first to explore the relation between indicators of physical performance and frailty trajectory among older adults in Taiwan. Furthermore, we provided support for the efficacy of the multicomponent exercise program in improving frailty status.
The patient’s relationship with the General Practitioner before and after Advance Care Planning: pre/post-implementation study
Authors: van der Plas Annicka G. M. , Schellekens Julia E. A. P. , Glaudemans Jolien J. , Onwuteaka-Philipsen Bregje D. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
General Practitioners (GPs) are central in the care of Dutch older people and in a good position to have Advance Care Planning (ACP) conversations. Interview studies reveal that the doctor-patient relationship is important when initiating ACP conversations and can also be influenced by ACP conversations. We aimed to examine the association between having an ACP conversation and the patient feeling the GP knows him or her and the patient trusting the GP and vice versa.

Methods
Implementation of ACP in primary care was evaluated in a pre-and post design. Questionnaires before implementation of ACP and 14 months later were sent to patients aged 75 years or older within 10 GP-practices and 2 care homes. Multivariable logistic regression was used to model the relationship between ACP conversations during implementation and the patient-GP relationship before implementation. Odds ratios were adjusted for potential confounders. Generalized ordered logistic regression was used to model the relationship between the changes in patient-GP relationship before and after implementation and ACP conversations during implementation.

Results
Four hundred fifty-eight patients filled out the pre- and post-test questionnaire. There was no association between the GP knowing the patient and trust in the pre-test and having an ACP conversation during the implementation. For people who had had an ACP conversation at the end of the implementation period their trust remained more often the same or was higher after implementation (trust to provide good care OR 2.93; trust to follow their wishes OR 2.59), compared to patients who did not have an ACP conversation. A reduction in trust was less likely to happen to patients who had an ACP conversation compared to patients who did not have an ACP conversation.

Conclusions
Although we have not found evidence for trust as a prerequisite for ACP conversations, this paper shows that ACP conversations can be beneficial for the doctor—patient relationship.
Predictors of retirement satisfaction in the older adults of Urmia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Honarvar Mojtaba , Rasouli Javad , Amirzadeh-Iranagh Jamileh 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Retirement is a challenge that, as a process, influences the individual’s role, status, life patterns, expectations, and available resources. Therefore, the present study aims at determining the predictors of retirement satisfaction among men in the city of Urmia.

Methods
In this descriptive-analytical study, 140 retired men living in Urmia were selected by multi-stage sampling method. The instruments used are the Retirement Satisfaction Scale, life satisfaction, and quality of life questionnaires. Data were analyzed in SPSS v.21 using descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, and regression at a significance level of p ≤ 0.05.

Results
Based on the results of this study, the mean score of retirement satisfaction was 115.37 + 10.13 and there was no significant difference (p = .068) in retirement satisfaction of the retired men based on level of education. Also, the retrospective multiple linear regression model indicated that 44.4% of the variance of retirement satisfaction score is predicted by two subscales of life satisfaction and quality of life.

Conclusion
According to the results, it seems that life satisfaction and quality of life are inseparable, effective factors in retirement satisfaction, so, to promote retirement satisfaction in all of its scales and subscales, it is recommended to improve these two factors.
An analysis of the correlation between diabetic retinopathy and preretinal oxygen tension using three-dimensional spoiled gradient-recalled echo sequence imaging
Authors: Zhou Min-Jie , Shao Ju-Wei , Pu Jian , Xiang Shu-Tian , Liang Yi , He Qian , Su Wei , Liu Cheng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The aims of this study were to evaluate the levels of preretinal oxygen tension in patients with diabetes who did not have hypertension by using three-dimensional spoiled gradient-recalled (3D-SPGR) echo sequence imaging and to explore the correlation between diabetic retinopathy (DR) and changes in preretinal oxygen tension.

Method
This study involved 15 patients with type 2 diabetes without hypertension, who were divided into a diabetic retinopathy (DR) group (n = 10 eyes) and a diabetic non-retinopathy (NDR) group (n = 20 eyes), according to the results of a fundus photography test. Another healthy control group (n = 14 eyes) also participated in the study. The preretinal vitreous optic disc area, nasal side, and temporal side signal intensity of the eyes was assessed before and after oxygen inhalation with the use of 3D-SPGR echo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The signal acquisition time was 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 min after oxygen inhalation.

Results
The results showed that, in the DR and NDR groups, the preretinal vitreous oxygen tension increased rapidly at 10 min after oxygen inhalation and peaked at 30–40 min, and the increased slope of the DR group was higher than that of the NDR group. The oxygen tension of the preretinal vitreous gradually increased after oxygen inhalation, and the difference between the DR and NDR groups and the control group was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The preretinal vitreous oxygen tension was higher in the optic disc, temporal side, and nasal side in the NDR group than in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The maximum slope ratios of the optic disc and the temporal side of the DR group were greater than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
Three-dimensional-SPGR echo MRI sequencing technology is useful for detecting preretinal oxygen tension levels in patients with diabetes. It can be used as one of the functional and imaging observation indicators for the early diagnosis of DR.
Topology optimization search of deep convolution neural networks for CT and X-ray image classification
Authors: Louati Hassen , Louati Ali , Bechikh Slim , Masmoudi Fatma , Aldaej Abdulaziz , Kariri Elham 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCovid-19 is a disease that can lead to pneumonia, respiratory syndrome, septic shock, multiple organ failure, and death. This pandemic is viewed as a critical component of the fight against an enormous threat to the human population. Deep convolutional neural networks have recently proved their ability to perform well in classification and dimension reduction tasks. Selecting hyper-parameters is critical for these networks. This is because the search space expands exponentially in size as the number of layers increases. All existing approaches utilize a pre-trained or designed architecture as an input. None of them takes design and pruning into account throughout the process. In fact, there exists a convolutional topology for any architecture, and each block of a CNN corresponds to an optimization problem with a large search space. However, there are no guidelines for designing a specific architecture for a specific purpose; thus, such design is highly subjective and heavily reliant on data scientists’ knowledge and expertise. Motivated by this observation, we propose a topology optimization method for designing a convolutional neural network capable of classifying radiography images and detecting probable chest anomalies and infections, including COVID-19. Our method has been validated in a number of comparative studies against relevant state-of-the-art architectures.
Development of a patient decision aid for discharge planning of hospitalized patients with stroke
Authors: Prick J. C. M. , van Schaik S. M. , Deijle I. A. , Dahmen R. , Brouwers P. J. A. M. , Hilkens P. H. E. , Garvelink M. M. , Engels N. , Ankersmid J. W. , Keus S. H. J. , The R. , Takahashi A. , van Uden-Kraan C. F. , van der Wees P. J. , Van den Berg-Vos R. M. ,   On behalf of the Santeon VBHC STROKE group, van Schaik S.M. , Brouwers P.J.A.M. , Hilkens P.H.E. , van Dijk G.W. , Gons R.A.R. , Saxena R. , Schut E.S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Patient involvement in discharge planning of patients with stroke can be accomplished by providing personalized outcome information and promoting shared decision-making. The aim of this study was to develop a patient decision aid (PtDA) for discharge planning of hospitalized patients with stroke.

Methods
A convergent mixed methods design was used, starting with needs assessments among patients with stroke and health care professionals (HCPs). Results of these assessments were used to develop the PtDA with integrated outcome information in several co-creation sessions. Subsequently, acceptability and usability were tested to optimize the PtDA. Development was guided by the International Patient Decision Aids Standards (IPDAS) criteria.

Results
In total, 74 patients and 111 HCPs participated in this study. A three-component PtDA was developed, consisting of:
1) a printed consultation sheet to introduce the options for discharge destinations, containing information that can be specified for each individual patient;
2) an online information and deliberation tool to support patient education and clarification of patient values, containing an integrated “patients-like-me” model with outcome information about discharge destinations;
3) a summary sheet to support actual decision-making during consultation, containing the patient’s values and preferences concerning discharge planning.
In the acceptability test, all qualifying and certifying IPDAS criteria were fulfilled. The usability test showed that patients and HCPs highly appreciated the PtDA with integrated outcome information.

Conclusions
The developed PtDA was found acceptable and usable by patients and HCPs and is currently under investigation in a clinical trial to determine its effectiveness.
Association between the second-stage duration of labor and perinatal outcomes in women with a prior cesarean delivery
Authors: Li Yulian , Zhang Lizi , Huang Lijun , Liang Yingyu , Chen Jingsi , Bi Shilei , Deng Weinan , Lin Lin , Wang Xiaoyi , Ren Luwen , Zeng Shanshan , Huang Minshan , Huang Baoying , Zhang Yijian , Xie Sushan , Du Lili , Chen Dunjin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The cesarean delivery (CD) rate has been increasing globally. Trial of labor after cesarean delivery (TOLAC) has been used as a key method for the reduction of the CD rate. Little is known, however, about the association between the second-stage duration of TOLAC and adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. This study evaluated the association between perinatal outcomes and the duration of second-stage labor in women undergoing TOLAC.

Methods
A 10-year retrospective cohort study was performed at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, between January 2010 and January 2020. Women undergoing TOLAC who reached the second stage of labor were included in this study. Duration of the second stage of labor was examined as a categorical variable (group I: <0.5 h, group II: 0.5–2 h and group III: ≥2 h) and as a continuous variable to evaluate the association with adverse perinatal outcomes by using multivariable regression models and a Cox proportional hazards regression model adjusting for potential confounders.

Results
Of the 1,174 women who met the inclusion criteria, the median (interquartile range) length of the second stage was 0.5 h (0.3–0.9 h). Among them, 1,143 (97.4%) delivered vaginally and 31 underwent an unplanned CD. As the second-stage duration increased, operative vaginal delivery (OVD), CD, and postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) rates increased. Women in group III had higher risks of OVD (aOR = 11.34; 95% CI [5.06–25.41]), CD (aOR = 4.22; 95% CI [1.32–13.43]), and PPH (aOR = 2.43; 95% CI [1.31–4.50]) compared with group I. Correspondingly, blood loss and the oxytocin used to treat PPH increased significantly, while the postpartum hemoglobin reduced significantly in group III compared with group I. The incidence of uterine rupture, uterine atony, cervical laceration, red blood cell transfusion, and intensive care unit admission were similar in all three groups. Neonatal outcomes were not affected by the second-stage duration.

Conclusions
Women undergoing TOLAC with second-stage duration of ≥2 h have higher odds of OVD, unplanned intrapartum CD, and PPH.
Determination of essential biomarkers in lung cancer: a real-world data study in Spain with demographic, clinical, epidemiological and pathological characteristics
Authors: Provencio Mariano , Cobo Manuel , Rodriguez-Abreu Delvys , Calvo Virginia , Carcereny Enric , Cantero Alexandra , Bernabé Reyes , Benitez Gretel , Castro Rafael López , Massutí Bartomeu , del Barco Edel , García Campelo Rosario , Guirado Maria , Camps Carlos , Ortega Ana Laura , González Larriba Jose Luis , Sánchez Alfredo , Casal Joaquín , Sala M. Angeles , Juan-Vidal Oscar , Bosch-Barrera Joaquim , Oramas Juana , Dómine Manuel , Trigo Jose Manuel , Blanco Remei , Calzas Julia , Morilla Idoia , Padilla Airam , Pimentao Joao , Sousa Pedro A. , Torrente Maria 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The survival of patients with lung cancer has substantially increased in the last decade by about 15%. This increase is, basically, due to targeted therapies available for advanced stages and the emergence of immunotherapy itself. This work aims to study the situation of biomarker testing in Spain.

Patients and methods
The Thoracic Tumours Registry (TTR) is an observational, prospective, registry-based study that included patients diagnosed with lung cancer and other thoracic tumours, from September 2016 to 2020. This TTR study was sponsored by the Spanish Lung Cancer Group (GECP) Foundation, an independent, scientific, multidisciplinary oncology society that coordinates more than 550 experts and 182 hospitals across the Spanish territory.

Results
Nine thousand two hundred thirty-nine patients diagnosed with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) between 2106 and 2020 were analysed. 7,467 (80.8%) were non-squamous and 1,772 (19.2%) were squamous. Tumour marker testing was performed in 85.0% of patients with non-squamous tumours vs 56.3% in those with squamous tumours (p-value < 0.001). The global testing of EGFR, ALK, and ROS1 was 78.9, 64.7, 35.6% respectively, in non-squamous histology. PDL1 was determined globally in the same period (46.9%), although if we focus on the last 3 years it exceeds 85%. There has been a significant increase in the last few years of all determinations and there are even close to 10% of molecular determinations that do not yet have targeted drug approval but will have it in the near future. 4,115 cases had a positive result (44.5%) for either EGFR, ALK, KRAS, BRAF, ROS1, or high PDL1.

Conclusions
Despite the lack of a national project and standard protocol in Spain that regulates the determination of biomarkers, the situation is similar to other European countries. Given the growing number of different determinations and their high positivity, national strategies are urgently needed to implement next-generation sequencing (NGS) in an integrated and cost-effective way in lung cancer.