bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
宿便性閉塞壊死大腸炎を疑う症例に対する治療戦略に関する検討(Examination of treatment strategy for patients with suspected stercoral obstructive colitis)
Authors: 友紀 番匠谷 , 誠人 小林 , 惟人 高須 , 元博 菊川 , 太 永嶋 
Published: December 2022

要旨【目的】宿便性閉塞性大腸炎は，身体所見や画像所見が非特異的で，結腸壊死の評価に難渋することが少なくない。宿便性閉塞性大腸炎の手術適応と手術戦略を明らかにする。【対象】宿便性閉塞性大腸炎30例を，結腸壊死の有無で2群にわけ，バイタルサイン，腹部所見，CT所見，血液検査などを比較し，壊死の予測因子を調べた。また手術症例において，壊死の進行頻度と，CT所見と壊死範囲の比較から，手術戦略について検討した。【結果】壊死群15例，非壊死群15例で，腹膜刺激徴候の有無，CT所見（腹水・脂肪織濃度上昇など）は，2群で有意差はなかった。来院時のshock index（1.10 vs.0.83，p=0.01）と血液検査の乳酸値［8.3 vs. 3.8（mmol/L），p<0.01］で有意差を認め，乳酸のカットオフ値は5.8mmol/L（AUC 0.862，95%信頼区間0.727–0.996）であった。また手術症例は18例で，うち4例で壊死の進行を認めた。壊死範囲はCTの腸管拡張範囲と84.6%で一致した。【結語】宿便性閉塞性大腸炎の結腸壊死の有無は，腹部所見，CT所見から判断するのは難しく，血液ガス所見が有用である。乳酸値5.8mmol/L以上の場合，壊死を疑い試験開腹を考慮する必要がある。拡張腸管は壊死のリスクが高く，拡張腸管が残る場合は，二期的手術で壊死進行の有無を確認することが望ましい。
Construction of vitamin D delivery system based on pine nut oil Pickering emulsion: effect of phenols
Authors: Zhao Xinlei , Yang Xue , Bao Yihong , Guo Yang , Luo Jiayuan , Jiang Shilong , Zhang Wei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe food industry has begun to develop foods fortified with unsaturated fatty acids; however, the susceptibility of pine nut oil to oxidation and other properties limits its use in food production. Researchers often inhibit the oxidation of oil by adding antioxidants. After the combination of polyphenols and proteins, the complex formed can improve or enhance the performance of the emulsion when it stabilizes the emulsion. Encapsulating, protecting, and controlling the release behavior of vitamin D (VD) during digestion through an emulsion delivery system can effectively overcome limitations such as easy degradation during processing and storage. This research uses tannic acid, gallic acid, tea polyphenol, and vanillic acid to prepare Pickering emulsions, and the type of phenolic compound is explored by multi‐dimensional characterization and the amount of emulsion.RESULTSThe influence of traits, microstructure, stability, VD load application, and effect on the emulsion matrix's encapsulation rate and bioaccessibility is studied. A method was investigated to enhance the oxidative stability of whey protein isolate‐stabilized emulsions by introducing phenol. Pickering emulsions could be obtained in the presence of phenol, while the type of phenol played a relatively important role, probably because the mechanism involved interactions between particles. Viscosity and creaming stability of emulsions increased with crosslinking of phenol in emulsions. In addition, the presence of phenol in emulsions significantly increased the bioaccessibility of encapsulated VD after in vitro digestion.CONCLUSIONThe method presented in this study was important for improving the oxidative stability of pine nut oil emulsions, expanding the application of pine nut oil in the food industry, and providing the theoretical and application basis of application and active substance emulsion delivery systems. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Hyperthermic intraoperative chemotherapy (HIOC) for Stage IVa thymic malignancy may improve 5‐year disease‐free survival
Authors: Dolan Daniel P. , Polhemus Emily , Lee Daniel N. , Mazzola Emanuele , Jaklitsch Michael T. , Wee Jon O. , Bueno Raphael , Swanson Scott J. , White Abby 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesStage IVa thymic malignancy has limited treatments. This study evaluated whether hyperthermic intraoperative chemotherapy (HIOC) after radical resection of Stage IVa thymic malignancy improves survival.MethodsAll patients who underwent resection, with or without HIOC, for Stage IVa thymic malignancy at a single center from 1990 to 2021 were reviewed.ResultsThirty‐four patients were identified; 22 surgery‐only versus 12 surgery and HIOC (60 min cisplatin regimen 175 mg/m2). Demographics and comorbidities were similar between groups. Three patients in each group were carcinomas; remainder were thymomas. Thirty‐two patients underwent attempted macroscopic complete resection; 22 operations succeeded, 68.8%. Significant complications were similar between groups, 18.2% surgery‐only versus 25.0% HIOC, p = 0.68. Median time to recurrence trended longer for HIOC patients (42.9 vs. 32.9 months in surgery‐only, p = 0.77). Overall survival, 5‐year, was similar (75.8% HIOC vs. 76.2% surgery‐only, p = 0.91). On stratified analysis, thymoma patients with macroscopic complete resection and HIOC experienced similar 5‐year Overall (80.0% vs. 100.0% surgery‐only, p = 0.157) but longer trending 5‐year disease‐free (85.7% vs. 40.0%, p = 0.18) and 5‐year locoregional recurrence‐free survival (85.7% vs. 68.6%, p = 0.75).ConclusionsThis retrospective cohort study treating Stage IVa thymic malignancy with radical pleurectomy, with or without HIOC, found addition of HIOC‐signaled delayed recurrence and improved disease‐free survival.
The influence of posttraumatic stress disorder treatment on anxiety sensitivity: Impact of prolonged exposure, sertraline, and their combination
Authors: Luciano Matthew T. , Norman Sonya B. , Allard Carolyn B. , Acierno Ron , Simon Naomi M. , Szuhany Kristin L. , Baker Amanda W. , Stein Murray B. , Martis Brian , Tuerk Peter W. , Rauch Sheila A. M. ,   for the PROGrESS Study Team
Published: December 2022

AbstractTrauma‐informed beliefs often decrease during posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment. This may also extend to anxiety sensitivity (AS), defined as a fear of anxiety‐related sensations and beliefs that anxiety is dangerous and/or intolerable. However, little is known about how AS changes during exposure‐based and psychopharmacological PTSD treatments. Further, high AS may be a risk factor for diminished PTSD symptom improvement and increased treatment dropout. To better understand how AS impacts and is impacted by PTSD treatment, we conducted a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial with a sample of 223 veterans (87.0% male, 57.5% White) with PTSD from four U.S. sites. Veterans were randomized to receive prolonged exposure (PE) plus placebo (n = 74), sertraline plus enhanced medication management (n = 74), or PE plus sertraline (n = 75). Veterans answered questions about PTSD symptoms and AS at baseline and 6‐, 12‐, 24‐, 36‐, and 52‐week follow‐ups. High baseline AS was related to high levels of PTSD severity at 24 weeks across all conditions, β = .244, p = .013, but did not predict dropout from exposure‐based, β = .077, p = .374, or psychopharmacological therapy, β = .009, p = .893. AS also significantly decreased across all three treatment arms, with no between‐group differences; these reductions were maintained at the 52‐week follow‐up. These findings suggest that high AS is a risk factor for attenuated PTSD treatment response but also provide evidence that AS can be improved by both PE and an enhanced psychopharmacological intervention for PTSD.
Comparison of Reflux Symptom Score versus Reflux Symptom Index in screening laryngopharyngeal reflux
Authors: Zhang Chun , Liu Zhi , Zhang Jinhong , Wang Xiaoyu , Wang Jiasen , Zhao Jing , Li Jinrang , Liu LianLian 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesTo compare the screening value of the Reflux Symptom Score (RSS) and the Reflux Symptom Index (RSI) for laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR).MethodsAll included patients attending the Department of Otolaryngology at the Sixth Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital from February 2022 to August 2022, completed the RSS and the RSI and underwent 24‐hour hypopharyngeal‐esophageal multichannel intraluminal impedance‐pH (24 h HEMII‐pH) monitoring. The results of 24 h HEMII‐pH were used as a diagnostic criterion for LPR, consistency between two questionnaires (RSS, RSI) and 24 h HEMII‐pH was compared by the weighted Cohen's kappa statistic and the screening value of RSS and RSI for LPR was compared by receiver operating characteristics analysis.ResultsA total of 77 patients, 58 males, and 19 females, were included. The Kappa values of between RSS, RSI, and 24 h HEMII‐pH were 0.663 (p < 0.001) and 0.213 (p < 0.05), respectively. The sensitivity of RSS and RSI were 92.8% and 48.2%, respectively, the specificity was 71.4% and 80.9%. The negative predictive value and positive predictive value of RSI were 36.9%, 87.1%, and that of RSS were 78.9%, 89.6%. The area under curve of the RSS (0.783; 95% CI = 0.53, 0.75) is significantly higher than RSI (0.633; 95% CI = 0.72, 0.90).ConclusionThe RSS has a higher consistency and better screening value for LPR compared to RSI. In addition, the RSS includes more reflux symptoms, which may reduce the number of missed diagnoses in patients with LPR to some extent.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 133:2104–2109, 2023
Chemical Approaches for the Preparation of Bacteria – Nano/Microparticle Hybrid Systems
Authors: Bader Lisa Patricia Elisabeth , Klok Harm‐Anton 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBacteria represent a class of living cells that are very attractive carriers for the transport and delivery of nano‐ and microsized particles. The use of cell‐based carriers, such as for example bacteria, may allow to precisely direct nano‐ or microsized cargo to a desired site, which would greatly enhance the selectivity of drug delivery and allow to mitigate side effects. One key step towards the use of such nano‐/microparticle – bacteria hybrids is the immobilization of the cargo on the bacterial cell surface. To fabricate bacteria – nano‐/microparticle biohybrid microsystems, a wide range of chemical approaches are available that can be used to immobilize the particle payload on the bacterial cell surface. This article presents an overview of the various covalent and noncovalent chemistries that are available for the preparation of bacteria – nano‐/microparticle hybrids. For each of the different chemical approaches, an overview will be presented that lists the bacterial strains that have been modified, the type and size of nanoparticles that have been immobilized, as well as the methods that have been used to characterize the nanoparticle‐modified bacteria.
Interprofessional weaning boards for invasively ventilated patients in intensive care units: Qualitative interview study with healthcare professionals in Germany
Authors: von Schumann Selina , Ullrich Charlotte , Weis Aline , Wensing Michel , Litke Nicola 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNumbers of mechanically ventilated patients are increasing worldwide. Weaning Boards could support weaning from the ventilator by facilitating interprofessional consultations between Weaning Centers and nonpneumological intensive care units. This study, which is linked to the project Prevention of invasive Ventilation, aimed to explore the design and implementation of future Weaning Boards. Semistructured interviews were conducted with physicians, nurses, respiratory therapists, and physiotherapists of intensive care units and Weaning Centers in Baden‐Wuerttemberg, Germany. Participants were asked to share their views on (a) required characteristics of Weaning Boards and (b) the current care of weaning patients in their wards. Qualitative data analysis included inductive and deductive steps referring to the Template for Intervention Description and Replication checklist and the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. The 14 interviewed healthcare professionals addressed characteristics of future Weaning Boards including (a) preconditions, (b) procedure, (c) interprofessional participants, (d) type of performance, and (d) time frame. Identified determinants for successful implementation were related to (a) individual characteristics of healthcare professionals, (b) ward characteristics, and (c) healthcare system characteristics. Weaning Boards could be a useful tool to advance knowledge sharing between professionals, improve education about weaning protocols, and support patient‐oriented care. The implementation of Weaning Boards can be influenced by individual characteristics of participating professionals, difficulties in the interaction between professional groups, the present workplace culture, and the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic.
Generating crosslinking network in XNBR based on copper (I)–carboxylate interaction
Authors: Wajge Suraj W. , Das Chayan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCarboxylated nitrile rubber (XNBR) is crosslinked via metal–ligand coordination bond by simple mixing and compounding as an alternate to chemically rich traditional vulcanization route. Basis of the generation of reversible non‐covalent crosslinks, in the rubber matrix, is copper (I)–carboxylate metal–ligand interaction that is evidenced by XPS, FTIR, and rheological studies. At low copper content (5 phr), self‐healing property is exhibited by the composite while adequate mechanical strength is obtained at higher copper content (20 phr). For 20 phr filled composite (XNBR–Cu20), the tensile strength reaches up to 5.41 ± 0.28 MPa, which is almost 19 times higher than that of pure XNBR (0.29 ± 0.02 MPa). On the other hand, tensile strength is not so high (1.95 ± 0.20 MPa) for composite XNBR–Cu5, however, this one shows the self‐healing efficiency of around 75% for the first cycle, 71% for second cycle, and 56% for the third cycle. The positive shift of glass transition temperature (Tg) takes place with the increasing content of copper (I)–carboxylate crosslinking that is caused by the lowering in segmental mobility of the rubber chains. Reversible nature of the metal–ligand coordination, recoverability, and hysteresis in the XNBR–Cu (I) composite are studied by cyclic stress–strain loading. The CuCl content greatly influences the inherent crosslinking nature of the elastomeric network and the ultimate properties of the composites.
Optical coherence tomography of the pulmonary arteries in children with congenital heart diseases: A systematic review
Authors: Sun Ling , Jiang Qiuping , Xie Yumei , Wang Shushui , Zhang Zhiwei 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTImportanceOptical coherence tomography (OCT) is a high‐resolution intravascular imaging tool and has shown promise for providing real‐time quantitative and qualitative descriptions of pulmonary vascular structures in vivo in adult pulmonary hypertension (PH), while not popular in pediatric patients with congenital heart diseases (CHD).ObjectiveThe aim of this review is to summarize all the available evidence on the use of OCT for imaging pulmonary vascular remodeling in pediatric patients.MethodsWe conducted the systematic literature resources (Cochran Library database, Medline via PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Knowledge) from January 2010 to December 2021 and the search terms were “PH”, “child”, “children”, “pediatric”, “OCT”, “CHD”, “pulmonary vessels”, “pulmonary artery wall”. Studies in which OCT was used to image the pulmonary vessels in pediatric patients with CHD were considered for inclusion.ResultsFive studies met the inclusion criteria. These five papers discussed the study of OCT in the pulmonary vasculature of different types of CHD, including common simple CHD, complex cyanotic CHD, and Williams‐Beuren syndrome. In biventricular anatomy, pulmonary vascular remodeling was primarily reflected by pulmonary intima thickening from two‐dimensional OCT. In single‐ventricle anatomy, due to the state of hypoxia, the morphology of pulmonary vessels was indirectly reflected by the number and shape of nourishing vessels from three‐dimensional OCT.InterpretationOCT may be an adequate imaging procedure for the demonstration of pulmonary vascular structures and provide additional information in pediatric patients.
DisCanVis: Visualizing integrated structural and functional annotations to better understand the effect of cancer mutations located within disordered proteins
Authors: Deutsch Norbert , Pajkos Mátyás , Erdős Gábor , Dosztányi Zsuzsanna 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) play important roles in a wide range of biological processes and have been associated with various diseases, including cancer. In the last few years, cancer genome projects have systematically collected genetic variations underlying multiple cancer types. In parallel, the number and different types of disordered proteins characterized by experimental methods have also significantly increased. Nevertheless, the role of IDPs in various types of cancer is still not well understood. In this work, we present DisCanVis, a novel visualization tool for cancer mutations with a special focus on IDPs. In order to aid the interpretation of observed mutations, genome level information is combined with information about the structural and functional properties of proteins. The web server enables users to inspect individual proteins, collect examples with existing annotations of protein disorder and associated function or to discover currently uncharacterized examples with likely disease relevance. Through a REST API interface and precompiled tables the analysis can be extended to a group of proteins.
Structure–aromaticity–reactivity relationship of one‐ and two‐dimensional polyaromatic hydrocarbons and polyborazines
Authors: Liu Ziyi , Zhou Qiang , Zhu Lihan , Wang Dongqi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBoth graphene and hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) have found their application in catalysis and electronic devices owing to their unique π electronic nature. However, it remains unclear on how their sizes and growing modes influence their electronic properties. In order to extensively understand their structure–property relationship to stimulate and assist potential applications, in this work, the electronic structures of the polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polyborazines (boron nitride nanosheets, BNNSs) were analyzed by means of density functional theory calculations to investigate how the one‐ and two‐dimensional growth of their building blocks, benzene and borazine, respectively, may modulate/govern their aromaticity and reactivities. The analysis shows that the aromaticity and reactivity of PAHs exhibit significant response to their geometries, while the properties of BNNSs show strong localization nature and are nearly size‐independent. This unique nature of BNNSs is different from both the organic polyaromatic molecules and the inorganic metal/metal oxides whose reactivity may be significantly enhanced upon modulating their sizes, and offers implications in the design of new materials grafted by BNNS for manipulatable electronic properties. This study also brings caution on the application of widely used aromaticity descriptors, and shows that in general the descriptors derived from electronic structure are more reliable.
B‐cell lymphoma‐2 family proteins‐activated proteases as potential therapeutic targets for influenza A virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2: Killing two birds with one stone?
Authors: Soni Sourabh , Mebratu Yohannes A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has led to a global health emergency. There are many similarities between SARS‐CoV‐2 and influenza A virus (IAV); both are single‐stranded RNA viruses infecting airway epithelial cells and have similar modes of replication and transmission. Like IAVs, SARS‐CoV‐2 infections poses serious challenges due to the lack of effective therapeutic interventions, frequent appearances of new strains of the virus, and development of drug resistance. New approaches to control these infectious agents may stem from cellular factors or pathways that directly or indirectly interact with viral proteins to enhance or inhibit virus replication. One of the emerging concepts is that host cellular factors and pathways are required for maintaining viral genome integrity, which is essential for viral replication. Although IAVs have been studied for several years and many cellular proteins involved in their replication and pathogenesis have been identified, very little is known about how SARS‐CoV‐2 hijacks host cellular proteins to promote their replication. IAV induces apoptotic cell death, mediated by the B‐cell lymphoma‐2 (Bcl‐2) family proteins in infected epithelia, and the pro‐apoptotic members of this family promotes viral replication by activating host cell proteases. This review compares the life cycle and mode of replication of IAV and SARS‐CoV‐2 and examines the potential roles of host cellular proteins, belonging to the Bcl‐2 family, in SARS‐CoV‐2 replication to provide future research directions.
Mechanical properties and uniaxial constitutive model of fiber‐reinforced coral aggregate concrete
Authors: Deng Zhiheng , Zhou Youwei , Jiang Jiasheng , Huang Xiaopei , Liu Bing 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article studied the mechanical properties and constitutive model of fiber‐reinforced coral aggregate concrete (FRCAC). The test results show that basalt fibers, carbon fibers, and polypropylene fibers (BFs, CFs, and PFs) can enhance the cube compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of coral aggregate concrete (CAC), but there are optimum contents. The optimal content of BFs, CFs, and PFs are 0.8%, 1.5%, and 0.3%, respectively. Fibers increase slightly the elastic modulus of FRCAC. The peak stress, peak strain, and ultimate strain of CAC can be improved by fibers, and the improvement effect is CFs, BFs, and PFs in descending order. According to the experimental results, a damage constitutive model suitable for FRCAC was proposed, which can efficiently indicate the stress–strain relationship of FRCAC. The damage parameter in the model can predict the damage evolution process of FRCAC.
An improved 1D reactive Bürger–Diehl settler model for secondary settling tank denitrification
Authors: Kirim Gamze , Torfs Elena , Vanrolleghem Peter A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAn improved 1D reactive settler model is pursued in order to increase the understanding of reactive settling processes and obtain a better prediction of the nitrogen mass balance in wastewater treatment systems. The developed model is based on the 1D Bürger–Diehl settler model with compression function and the Activated Sludge Model No. 1 biological reactions. Specific attention was paid in the model development phase to optimal selection of settling velocity functions and integration of the correct clarifier geometry. A unique measurement campaign was carried out with different operational scenarios to quantify the denitrification in a secondary settling tank. A detailed step‐wise calibration effort demonstrated that by choosing an appropriate settling velocity function (power‐law structure) and considering the true clarifier geometry allows to accurately capture the biomass concentration profile, total sludge mass, sludge blanket height, and the reaction rates. The resulting model is able to accurately describe total suspended solids (TSS) and nitrate concentration profiles throughout a settling tank under different operational conditions. As such the model can be applied in further scenario analysis and system optimization.Practitioner Points

A unique measurement campaign was carried out to obtain detailed data for a reactive settler model development.
A 1‐D reactive settler model is developed based on the Bürger–Diehl framework including ASM1 biokinetics and the clarifier geometry.
An extensive calibration and model selection effort was performed. The model accurately predicts measured concentration profiles in the settling tank.
The developed model can be integrated in a plant‐wide model to properly calculate the nitrogen mass balance of a WRRF.