bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correction of an adult Class III malocclusion through regaining of orthodontic space and an implant restoration
Authors: Park Jae Hyun , Oh Ji Young , Lee Su Young , Kook Yoon‐Ah , Han Seong Ho 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis case report describes the interdisciplinary treatment of a 23‐year‐old female with Class III malocclusion and a missing maxillary left second premolar. Treatment alternatives were discussed, and the selected treatment plan was presented to illustrate a way to gain space for the premolar implant restoration and correct Class III relationship through maxillary molar retraction followed by maxillary total arch protraction with a palatal temporary skeletal anchorage device. Esthetic anterior alignment and functional occlusal rehabilitation was achieved, and facial balance was maintained at the end of treatment.Clinical Significance
Implant restoration in conjunction with regaining orthodontic space by a team of multidisciplinary dental specialists presents an effective treatment solution to permanent tooth agenesis.
Class III malocclusion can be treated with a combination of maxillary protraction and mandibular retraction using temporary skeletal anchorage devices.
The versatility of modified palatal C‐plates presents greater clinical application when related side effects are controlled with solid understanding of their biomechanics.
The safety and feasibility of endoscopic submucosal dissection using a flexible three‐dimensional endoscope for early gastric cancer and superficial esophageal cancer: A prospective observational study
Authors: Shinmura Kensuke , Yamamoto Yoichi , Inaba Atsushi , Okumura Kei , Nishihara Keiichiro , Kumahara Kana , Sunakawa Hironori , Furue Yasuaki , Ito Renma , Sato Daiki , Minamide Tatsunori , Suyama Masayuki , Takashima Kenji , Nakajo Keiichiro , Murano Tatsuro , Kadota Tomohiro , Yoda Yusuke , Hori Keisuke , Oono Yasuhiro , Ikematsu Hiroaki , Yano Tomonori 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackground and AimEndoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is performed as one of standard treatments for patients with early gastric cancer (EGC) and superficial esophageal squamous cancer (SESCC). A prototype of a flexible endoscope with a 3‐D system has been recently developed. This study aimed to investigate the safety and feasibility of ESD using a 3‐D flexible endoscope (3‐D ESD) for EGC and SESCC.MethodsThis single‐center, prospective, observational study enrolled patients who underwent planned 3‐D ESD. The clinical outcomes, including the incidence of adverse events and treatment results, were analyzed. Visibility and manipulation during 3‐D ESD were evaluated using a visual analog scale (VAS). We also evaluated the effect of the 3‐D system on the endoscopist using VAS and the critical flicker fusion frequency (CFFF).ResultsWe analyzed 47 EGC and 20 SESCC cases. There are no bleeding cases that required transfusion and perforation during 3‐D ESD in both EGC and SESCC patients. However, the incidence of delayed bleeding and delayed perforation was 1.5% (one case) each. The mean VAS scores for recognizing the submucosal layer during the submucosal dissection, visual perception of blood vessel, and depth perception were 72.7 ± 22.2, 74.7 ± 21.8, and 78.2 ± 19.9, respectively. In contrast, the mean VAS score for manipulation was 25.4 ± 19.7. Among endoscopists, there was no significant difference in the VAS of eyestrain and headache before and after ESD, and there was no significant difference in the CFFF.ConclusionThe safety and feasibility of 3‐D ESD for EGC and SESCC are acceptable in both patients and endoscopists.
Post‐acute care transitions and outcomes among medicare beneficiaries in assisted living communities
Authors: Wang Jinjiao , Mao Yunjiao , McGarry Brian , Temkin‐Greener Helena 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundDespite the rapid growth of assisted living (AL) and frequent hospitalizations among AL residents, little is known about their patterns of post‐acute care transitions and outcomes. This study examined the post‐acute care transitions among AL residents and their association with outcomes in the first 30 and 60 days after hospital discharge.MethodsThis study used data from 2018 national Medicare enrollment and claims datasets, the Minimum Data Set (MDS), and Medicare Provider Analysis and Review (MedPAR) of 104,497 unique Medicare beneficiaries residing in ALs in the U.S. Post‐acute care referrals, based on hospital discharge status, to skilled nursing facilities (SNF), home with home health care (HHC), home without HHC, and other settings. Outcomes included 30‐day and 60‐day hospital readmissions, emergency department (ED) visits, long‐stay care nursing home placement, and mortality. Multinomial logistic regression analysis and logistic regression analysis were conducted.ResultsThe most common post‐acute care referral was to SNF (40%), followed by home without HHC (28%), home with HHC (17%), and others (15%). Compared to discharge home without HHC, discharge to SNF was associated with a lower likelihood of ED visits (Odds Ratio = 0.597, p < 0.01) and hospital readmissions (OR = 0.856, p < 0.001), and higher likelihood of long‐stay nursing home placement (OR = 11.224, p < 0.01) and mortality (OR = 2.025, p < 0.01). Discharge home with HHC was associated with a higher likelihood of hospital readmissions (OR = 1.148, p < 0.01) and a lower likelihood of long‐stay nursing home placement (OR = 0.737, p < 0.05) than discharge home without HHC. The results were similar within the first 30 days as well as 60 days after hospital discharge.ConclusionsAL residents who are discharged to different post‐acute care settings tend to differ in 30‐day and 60‐day outcomes. At hospital discharge, clinicians and discharge planners should be provided information about the exact type and availability of services at AL to make the most appropriate discharge referrals for AL residents.
Probiotics including Clostridium butyricum, Enterococcus faecium, and Bacillus subtilis may prevent recurrent spontaneous preterm delivery
Authors: Arai Eri N. , Yoneda Satoshi , Yoneda Noriko , Ito Mika , Tsuda Sayaka , Shiozaki Arihiro , Nohira Tomoyoshi , Hyodo Hironobu , Kumazawa Kazumasa , Suzuki Tomo , Nagasaki Sumito , Makino Shintaro , Saito Shigeru 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimA large cohort study of Japanese women reported that the rate of recurrent spontaneous preterm delivery (sPTD) in the next pregnancy was 22.3%; therefore, it is important to prevent recurrent sPTD. The present study investigated the rate of recurrent sPTD in pregnant women treated with probiotics.MethodsThis was a retrospective study. Fifty‐one pregnant women with a history of sPTD and who had been taking probiotics before 14 weeks of gestation were selected. The rate of sPTD in the next pregnancy among 255 pregnant women with a history of sPTD who had not taken probiotics was compared with that in the probiotics group.ResultsThe rate of recurrent sPTD was 9.8% (5/51), which was lower than previously reported values. Furthermore, the rate of recurrent sPTD was significantly lower in the probiotics group (9.8%) than in the nonprobiotics group (31.0% [79/255]; p = 0.002).ConclusionsProbiotics may reduce the rate of recurrent sPTD.
Surgical tumour margins and their significance in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Brennan Peter A. , Dylgjeri Flavia , Coletta Ricardo D. , Arakeri Gururaj , Goodson Alexander M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThere are many prognostic indicators used to predict tumour recurrence and overall prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Most of these biological factors cannot be directly influenced by clinicians managing these heterogeneous group of tumours. Excision margins can potentially be increased at the time of surgery by including more normal tissue than the commonly accepted 1 cm resection distance from the macroscopic tumour edge. However, this can lead to poorer quality of life for patients and does not necessarily address microscopic extensions or dicohesive patterns of tumour growth. Surgical margins can be affected by tissue shrinkage immediately following resection and the choice of instrument used for surgery. Currently, most regard a clear resection margin as being >5 mm, a close margin as more than 1 mm but <5 mm and an involved margin <1 mm. In this article, we provide a brief overview of tumour margins in OSCC, including several recently published large meta‐analyses. Based upon these and other studies, there is still conflicting data in the literature about the ideal margin for OSCC. There is a growing body of evidence that suggests a clearance of 1 mm might be adequate for some cancers. However, adequacy of resection should be considered along with the many other prognostic indicators of OSCC when the multi‐disciplinary team considers further treatment for these patients.
Determinants of inefficiency in shrimp aquaculture under environmental impacts: Comparing shrimp production systems in the Mekong, Vietnam
Authors: Le Ngan Thi Thanh , Hestvik Eivind Brækkan , Armstrong Claire W. , Eide Arne 
Published: January 2022

AbstractShrimp aquaculture systems vary from primitive (extensive/improved extensive) to more industrialized (intensive/semi‐intensive) farms, and the impacts of environmental shocks may differ between them. This article applies the Cobb–Douglas stochastic production frontier function to evaluate the determinants that impact the inefficiency of these intensive and extensive systems in Vietnam. Data is from a survey of 436 white‐leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) farms in the Mekong Area. Our findings show that farmers with self‐reported experiences of drought have higher production efficiency, while experiences of irregular weather reduce efficiency. In addition, education and feeding practice/stocking density adjustment measures increase extensive efficiency. Furthermore, longer crop duration impacts the two systems differently, increasing intensive farm efficiency but decreasing extensive farm efficiency. Interestingly the efficiency effects differ for the two technologies, with two exceptions; efficiency increases for both locations further from the sea and decreases with disease occurrence.
The probiotic properties and potential of vaginal Lactobacillus spp. isolated from healthy women against some vaginal pathogens
Authors: Asadi A. , Lohrasbi V. , Abdi M. , Mirkalantari S. , Esghaei M. , Kashanian M. , Oshaghi M. , Talebi M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
During the last decade, probiotic research has progressed considerably and significant advances have been made in the selection and characterization of specific probiotic strains. The most studied probiotics belong to the genus Lactobacillus. In this study, 80 Lactobacillus spp. isolated from healthy women tolerated low pH and were able to grow in the presence of bile salts. RAPD PCR technique resulted in the identification of 38 different types. These isolates were then evaluated based on adhesion capacity, antibiotic susceptibility and tolerance in simulated gastrointestinal tract. Species-specific PCR and detection of bacteriocin-related genes were also surveyed. Among the isolates, five strains—Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus NO21, Lacticaseibacillus casei NO1, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum NO4, Lactobacillus acidophilus NO7 and Lactobacillus gasseri NO38—presented acceptable antibiotic susceptibility pattern. Further analysis showed antimicrobial activity of Lacticaseibacillus culture against various bacterial pathogens and real-time PCR showed all five strains were able to prevent the colonization of bacterial pathogens. All five selected strains produced organic acids, hydrogen peroxide and were resistant to the spermicide. In addition, they lacked haemolytic activity with the ability of hydrophobicity, auto-aggregation and co-aggregation with pathogens. These results suggest that the vaginal microbiome could be a good source for the isolation of probiotics and the strains of this study may be considered as good probiotic candidates.
Community dynamics of soil‐borne fungal communities along elevation gradients in neotropical and palaeotropical forests
Authors: Geml József , Arnold Anne Elizabeth , Semenova‐Nelsen Tatiana A. , Nouhra Eduardo R. , Drechsler‐Santos Elisandro R. , Góes‐Neto Aristóteles , Morgado Luis N. , Ódor Péter , Hegyi Balázs , Oriol Grau , Ibáñez Alicia , Tedersoo Leho , Lutzoni François 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBecause of their steep gradients in abiotic and biotic factors, mountains offer an ideal setting to illuminate the mechanisms that underlie patterns of species distributions and community assembly. We compared the composition of taxonomically and functionally diverse fungal communities in soils along five elevational gradients in mountains of the Neo‐ and Palaeotropics (northern Argentina, southern Brazil, Panama, Malaysian Borneo and Papua New Guinea). Both the richness and composition of soil fungal communities reflect environmental factors, particularly temperature and soil pH, with some shared patterns among neotropical and palaeotropical regions. Community dynamics are characterized by replacement of species along elevation gradients, implying a relatively narrow elevation range for most fungi, which appears to be driven by contrasting environmental preferences among both functional and taxonomic groups. For functional groups dependent on symbioses with plants (especially ectomycorrhizal fungi), the distribution of host plants drives richness and community composition, resulting in important differences in elevational patterns between neotropical and palaeotropical montane communities. The pronounced compositional and functional turnover along elevation gradients implies that tropical montane forest fungi will be sensitive to climate change, resulting in shifts in composition and functionality over time.
Seascape genomics identify adaptive barriers correlated to tidal amplitude in the shore crabCarcinus maenas
Authors: Jahnke Marlene , Moknes Per‐Olav , Le Moan Alan , Martens Gerrit A. , Jonsson Per R. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMost marine invertebrates disperse during a planktonic larval stage that may drift for weeks with ocean currents. A challenge for larvae of coastal species is to return to coastal nursery habitats. Shore crab (Carcinus maenasL.) larvae are known to show tidal rhythmicity in vertical migration in tidal areas and circadian rhythmicity in microtidal areas, which seems to increase successful coastal settlement. We studied genome‐wide differentiation based on 24,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms of 12 native populations of shore crab sampled from a large tidal amplitude gradient from macrotidal (~8 m) to microtidal (~0.2 m). Dispersal and recruitment success of larvae was assessed with a Lagrangian biophysical model, which showed a strong effect of larval behaviour on long‐term connectivity, and dispersal barriers that partly coincided with different tidal environments. The genetic population structure showed a subdivision of the samples into three clusters, which represent micro‐, meso‐ and macrotidal areas. The genetic differentiation was mostly driven by 0.5% outlier loci, which showed strong allelic clines located at the limits between the three tidal areas. Demographic modelling suggested that the two genetic barriers have different origins. Differential gene expression of two clock genes (cycandpdp1) further highlighted phenotypic differences among genetic clusters that are potentially linked to the differences in larval behaviour. Taken together, our seascape genomic study suggests that tidal regime acts as a strong selection force on shore crab population structure, consistent with larval behaviour affecting dispersal and recruitment success.
Strangers in a strange land: The experience of physicians undergoing remediation
Authors: Bourgeois‐Law Gisèle , Regehr Glenn , Teunissen Pim W. , Varpio Lara 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe experience of remediation in practising physicians has not been widely studied. Remediatees frequently present negative emotions, but observers can only infer the underlying reasons behind these. Understanding remediatees' perspectives may help those mandating and organising remediation to structure the process in ways that improve the experience for all concerned parties and maximise chances of a successful outcome for remediatees.MethodsSeventeen physicians who had undergone remediation for clinical competence concerns were interviewed via telephone. Participant data were first iteratively analysed thematically and then reanalysed using a narrative mode of analysis for each participant in order to understand the stories as wholes. Figured worlds (FW) theory was used as a lens for analysing the data for this constructivist research study.ResultsParticipants entering the FW of remediation perceived that their position as a ‘good doctor’ was threatened. Lacking experience with this world and with little available support to help them navigate it, participants used their agency to draw on various discursive threads within the FW to construct a narrative account of their remediation. In their narratives, participants tended to position themselves either as victims of regulatory bodies or as resilient individuals who could make the best of a difficult situation. In both cases, the chosen discursive threads enabled them to maintain their self‐identity as ‘good doctor’.ConclusionRemediation poses a threat to a physician's professional and personal identity. Focusing mainly on the educational aspect of remediation—that is, the improvement in knowledge and skills—risks missing its impact on physician identity. We need to ensure not only that we support physicians in dealing with this identity threat but that our assessment and remediation processes do not inadvertently encourage remediatees to draw on discursive threads that lead them to see themselves as victims.
Association between nurse aide staffing and patient mortality after major cancer surgeries in acute care settings: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Hirose Naoki , Morita Kojiro , Matsui Hiroki , Fushimi Kiyohide , Yasunaga Hideo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study examined the association between adding nurse aides and patient mortality in acute care settings. We conducted a retrospective cohort study using a national healthcare administrative claims database. We identified patients who underwent planned surgery for six types of cancer from 2010 to 2017. Multivariable logistic analyses were used to examine the association between the nurse aide staffing level and patient outcomes. The primary outcomes were failure to rescue and 30‐day hospital mortality. We examined 330 666 in‐hospital patients. The median number of nurse aides per 100 occupied beds was 6.60 (interquartile range, 4.61–8.43). In the multivariable analysis, nurse aide staffing level was not significantly associated with failure to rescue or 30‐day hospital mortality. The Japanese government provides economic incentives to hospitals that hire more nurse aides, expecting that a higher nurse aide staffing level will help licensed nurses concentrate on the tasks that need their specialties. However, our findings suggest that adding nurse aides may not be associated with lower rates of failure to rescue or 30‐day hospital mortality in acute care settings.
Academic outcomes of children with orofacial clefts: A review of the literature and recommendations for future research
Authors: Constantin Joanne , Wehby George L. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis paper summarizes the main findings of population‐based studies of the academic outcomes of children with isolated orofacial clefts compared to peers, general samples, or siblings, published over the past decade. Most of the reviewed papers report that children with orofacial clefts, particularly children with cleft palate only or in some studies children with cleft lip and palate, may have on average lower achievement on certain outcomes like test scores when comparing to non‐siblings. However, there are important differences across studies including designs, populations, outcome measures, and findings. The paper also offers recommendations for future research priorities including controlling for confounding, examining mechanisms and potential heterogeneity across family sociodemographic and contextual factors, and understanding outcomes in less developed settings.
Graduating nurse students’ interest in older people nursing—A cross‐sectional survey in six European countries
Authors: Koskinen Sanna , Burke Eimear , Fatkulina Natalja , Fuster Pilar , Löyttyniemi Eliisa , Salminen Leena , Stubner Juliane , Thorsteinsson Hrund Scheving , Leino‐Kilpi Helena ,   the ProCompNurse Consortium
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundCountries vary in the number of qualified nurses employed in older adult services. Moreover, students’ views of older people nursing as a career differ internationally. Studying future nurses and their career intentions for the field is warranted to meet the increased nurse workforce expectations in terms of quantity and competence.AimTo analyse graduating nurse students’ interest in older people nursing and the factors associated with it.MethodsA cross‐sectional multicountry survey design was applied. Data were collected between May 2018 and March 2019 from several educational institutions in Finland, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Lithuania and Spain. Non‐probability convenience sampling was used to recruit graduating nurse students (n = 1796). The data were collected with a structured questionnaire comprising background factors and the Willingness sub‐scale (six items) of the Students’ Interest in Nursing Older People Scale. Data were analysed using a linear mixed model including relevant background variables.ResultsOverall, students’ interest in older people nursing was low (score 20.5, on a 0‒100 scale). Among the studied countries, Spanish students scored the highest (38.8) and German students the lowest (3.6). Students’ interest in older people nursing was associated with country (p < .001), the length of work experience (p = .006), plans for further study (p = .007), competence (p < .001) and the extent that nursing is valued by society (p < .001). The students who were most interested in older people nursing had higher self‐reported competence level (p < .001).ConclusionIn the studied sample of future nurse professionals, interest in older people nursing is low at a time when the field suffers from workforce shortage. As for quality workforce, it was promising that the students who considered working in the field also evaluated themselves as competent.Implications for practiceMultidimensional actions are required to promote interest in the field, including continued development of competence in both undergraduate education and workplaces, and investing in various career pathways to envisage potential opportunities.
Controversies in the treatment of mild asthma. What novelties and practical implications?
Authors: Tosca Maria Angela , Di Cicco Maria Elisa , Leone Maddalena , Scavone Maria , Licari Amelia 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMild asthma is prevalent in childhood and causes as many as 30%–40% asthma exacerbations requiring emergency visits. The management of "intermittent" and "mild persistent" asthma phenotypes is still a matter of debate, even if the role of inhaled corticosteroids, both continuous and intermittent, is a cornerstone in this field. Recent updates of the guidelines on the strategies to manage these patients are coming, since the role of inflammation in these asthma phenotypes is crucial, as well as the potential side effect and risks of short‐acting beta 2 agonists overuse, prescribed as the only "as‐needed" treatments. In this paper, we overview the new (r)evolution regarding intermittent and mild persistent asthma management.