bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisis usaha ternak itik petelur di desa kepuh doko kecamatan tembelang kabupaten jombang
Authors: Artanti Triviana Yuli , Hadi Syamsul , Widjayanti DanFefi Nurdiana 
Published: May 2022

Ternak itik merupakan salah satu usaha perunggasan yang cukup berkembang di Indonesia meskipun tidak sepopuler ternak ayam dan mempunyai potensi sebagai penghasil telur dan daging. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menghitung : (1) keuntungan keuntungan peternak itik petelur, (2) efisiensi biaya usaha ternak itik petelur, (3) mengetahui faktor- faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi usaha ternak itik petelur. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Metode analisis data (1) analisis keuntungan dengan formulasi π = TR – TC, (2) analisis efisiensi biaya dengan formulasi R/C rasio = TR/TC, (3) analisis regresi linear berganda untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi. Hasil penelitian adalah: (1) Usaha ternak itik petelur di Desa Kepuh Doko Kecamatan Tembelang Kabupaten Jombang pada tahun 2021 menguntungkan sebesar Rp 991.108,91 /100m2/bulan. (2) Usaha ternak itik petelur di Desa Kepuh Doko Kecamatan Tembelang Kabupaten Jombang pada tahun 2021 efisien dalam penggunaan biaya dengan nilai R/C sebesar 1,36 pada tahun 2021 (3) Faktor yang mempengaruhi terhadap produksi usaha ternak itik petelur di Desa Kepuh Doko Kecamatan Tembelang Kabupaten Jombang adalah jumlah bibit berpengaruh positif, adapun yang berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap produksi telur itik adalah jumlah pakan berpengaruh negatif, umur peternak berpengaruh positif, tingkat Pendidikan berpengaruh negatif dan pengalaman beternak berpengaruh negatif.
Invigorasi Osmoconditioning Terhadap Viabilitas Dan Vigor Benih Kedelai Varietas Biosoy 1 Dengan Masa Simpan Lebih Dari 6 (Enam) Bulan
Authors: Kumala Sari Niyah Nala , Suroso Bejo , Wijaya Insan 
Published: May 2022

Benih kedelai cepat mengalami kemunduran apabila disimpan pada kondisi lingkungan yang kurang menguntungkan. Invigorasi osmoconditioning merupakan salah satu teknik untuk memperbaiki mutu benih yang mengalami kemunduran. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh jenis larutan, lama proses invigorasi osmoconditioning serta interaksi antara jenis larutan dan lama proses invigorasi osmoconditioning dalam meningkatkan viabilitas dan vigor benih kedelai varietas Biosoy 1 dengan masa simpan lebih dari 6 ( enam) bulan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan dua faktor yang diteliti yaitu lama perendaman (L) dan jenis larutan invigorasi osmoconditioning (J). Faktor pertama lama perendaman sejumlah 3 taraf yaitu 3 jam (L1) , 6 jam (L2), dan 9 jam (L3). Sedangkan faktor kedua jenis larutan invigorasi osmoconditioning sejumlah 3 taraf yaitu Aquades (J0), KNO3 3% (J1) dan PEG 6000 15% (J2). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor tunggal lama perendaman pada proses invigorasi osmoconditioning, yaitu perendaman selama 3 jam memberikan hasil yang terbaik terhadap parameter viabilitas ( daya berkecambah) 50,00%. Faktor tunggal jenis larutan pada proses invigorasi osmoconditioning yaitu perendaman PEG 6000 15% memberikan hasil yang terbaik terhadap parameter viabilitas (daya berkecambah) 51,67% , kecepatan tumbuh 11,63%, keserempakan tumbuh 38,75% dan potensi tumbuh maksimum 67,50%. Untuk interaksi lama perendaman dengan jenis larutan , perlakuan perendaman PEG 6000 15% selama 3 jam memberikan nilai yang terbaik terhadap parameter potensi tumbuh maksimum yaitu sebesar 73,75 %. Sedangkan parameter panjang akar dan hypokotil menunjukkan berbeda tidak nyata
Putin and Erdoğan – A “Beautiful Friendship” of Illiberal Presidents
Authors: Türkmen Şeref 
Published: May 2022

Putin and Erdoğan’s “beautiful friendship” has been defining Russian–Turkish political, diplomatic and economic relations on the one hand, and the handling of many conflicts, including the Syrian civil war, for nearly two decades on the other. It can be said that in many cases, when the interests of the Russian and Turkish states clash with each other or there are conflicts of principle and values, it is the two presidents who, because of their similar habitus and political character, find solutions to the problems. One thing is for sure: without the personalities of Erdoğan and Putin, the recent history of the two nations would not be so diverse and full of twists and turns. This article would like to give an analytical journey into the common history of the Turkish and Russian nations, as well as to the souls of the two politicians to look at the reasons and motivations behind the often contradictory political moves. As relatively little work has been done on the topic in Turkish, but more in English, the study is based on scientific papers and Internet publications written in the latter language. It aims at disclosing the role of the two regional powers in a global framework.
Modelling the Effect of Pressure on Soot Formation in Varying-Pressure Coflow Laminar Diffusion Flames
Authors: Mansouri Amin 
Published: May 2022

<p>Soot formation from combustion devices is a health and environmental concern. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of soot is a necessity; however, due to its complexity, it is poorly understood, especially with high-pressure combustion. In this thesis, a detailed numerical soot formation code, CoFlame, has been successfully utilized to model varying-pressure coflow laminar diffusion flames. The results of this thesis are divided into two sections; first, an investigation of the impact of a novel pressure-based reaction rate of acetylene addition in the Hydrogen- Abstraction-Carbon-Addition (HACA) mechanism on soot formation in varying pressure flames is addressed in chapter 4. Second, an assessment of the influence of pressure on the formation of recirculation zones along the centerline of the flame and the subsequent effect of the flow field on soot formation in elevated-pressure coflow diffusion flames is addressed in chapter 5.</p>
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Pandemi Döneminde Bireylerin Antropometrik Ölçüm ve Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeylerindeki Değişimlerin Yeme Bağımlılığı Durumuna Göre Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Mengi Çelik Özge , Karaçil Ermumcu Merve Şeyda 
Published: May 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmada pandemi döneminde bireylerin antropometrik ölçümlerinde ve fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinde meydana gelen değişimlerin yeme bağımlılığıyla olan ilişkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Bireyler ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya 19-65 yaş arası 288 yetişkin birey (248 kadın, 40 erkek) dahil edilmiştir. Çalışma verileri web-tabanlı anket formu yardımıyla toplanmıştır. Anket formu ile bireylerin sosyo-demografik özellikleri ve antropometrik ölçümleri sorgulanmıştır. Bireylerin yeme bağımlılığı durumu Yale Yeme Bağımlılığı Ölçeği ve fiziksel aktivite durumları Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi kısa formu aracılığıyla değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Bireylerin %23.0’ında yeme bağımlılığı vardır. Yeme bağımlılığı olan bireylerin beden kütle indeksi (BKİ) ve bel/boy oranı değerlerinin, yeme bağımlılığı olmayan gruba göre anlamlı olarak daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0.05). Aşırı yeme isteği uyandırdığı için ekmek, simit, pizza/lahmacun/döner, poğaça/açma, patates kızartması, makarna, muz, şeker/şekerleme ve cips gibi besinlerle sorun yaşayan bireylerin oranı yeme bağımlılığı olan bireylerde, yeme bağımlılığı olmayan bireylere göre anlamlı derecede daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Yeme bağımlılığı olan ve olmayan bireylerde pandemi ile fiziksel aktivite düzeyinde anlamlı azalma saptanmıştır (p<0.05). Yeme bağımlılığı olan bireylerde pandemi ile BKİ ve bel/boy oranı değerlerinde anlamlı artış belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). Ayrıca yeme bağımlılığı olan kadın bireylerde pandemi ile vücut ağırlığı ve bel çevresi değerlerinde anlamlı artış saptanmıştır (p<0.05).
Sonuç: Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre pandemi döneminde yeme bağımlılığı ile antropometrik ölçümler arasında ilişki olduğu ve yeme bağımlılığı durumundan bağımsız olarak bireylerin fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinde azalma olduğu saptanmıştır.
President of the Republic of Slovenia as Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Forces
Authors: Krek Uroš 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The role and authority of the President of the Republic as Commander-in-Chief is defined by the Constitution of the Republic of Slovenia, the Defence Act and the Rules on the Execution of Obligations to the President of the Republic in the Field of Defence. While the role defined by the Constitution is perfectly understandable, the question arises whether the Defence Act has followed the provisions of the Constitution or whether to those working in the field of defence clearly understand the current regulation, in particular in possible situations, which would require the involvement of Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Forces in the provision of defence. The author sets out the dilemmas, the different views on the current arrangements, the experience of working with Commander-in-Chief, as well as possible options for further regulation in this area.
Case Report: Primary Aldosteronism and Subclinical Cushing Syndrome in a 49-Year-Old Woman With Hypertension Plus Hypokalaemia
Authors: Hu Lihua , Ji Wenjun , Guo Meiyu , Yi Tieci , Wang Jie , Bao Minghui , Gao Yusi , Jin Han , Lu Difei , Ma Wei , Han Xiaoning , Li Jianping , Yuan Zhenfang 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundCoexisting primary aldosteronism (PA) and subclinical Cushing's syndrome (SCS) caused by bilateral adrenocortical adenomas have occasionally been reported. Precise diagnosis and treatment of the disease pose a challenge to clinicians due to its atypical clinical manifestations and laboratory findings.Case SummaryA 49-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital due to fatigue, increased nocturia and refractory hypertension. The patient had a history of severe left hydronephrosis 6 months prior. Laboratory examinations showed hypokalaemia (2.58 mmol/L) and high urine potassium (71 mmol/24 h). Adrenal computed tomography (CT) showed bilateral adrenal masses. Undetectable ACTH and unsuppressed plasma cortisol levels by dexamethasone indicated ACTH-independent Cushing's syndrome. Although the upright aldosterone-to-renin ratio (ARR) was 3.06 which did not exceed 3.7, elevated plasma aldosterone concentrations (PAC) with unsuppressed PAC after the captopril test still suggested PA. Adrenal venous sampling (AVS) without adrenocorticotropic hormone further revealed hypersecretion of aldosterone from the right side and no dominant side of cortisol secretion. A laparoscopic right adrenal tumor resection was performed. The pathological diagnosis was adrenocortical adenoma. After the operation, the supine and standing PAC were normalized; while the plasma cortisol levels postoperatively were still high and plasma renin was activated. The patient's postoperative serum potassium and 24-h urine potassium returned to normal without any pharmacological treatment. In addition, the patient's blood pressure was controlled normally with irbesartan alone.ConclusionPatients with refractory hypertension should be screened for the cause of secondary hypertension. AVS should be performed in patients in which PA is highly suspected to determine whether there is the option of surgical treatment. Moreover, patients with PA should be screened for hypercortisolism, which can contribute to a proper understanding of the AVS result.
Effect and Safety of Adding Metformin to Insulin Therapy in Treating Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: An Updated Meta-Analysis of 10 Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Liu Ying , Chen Hongbo , Li Hui , Li Liman , Wu Jin , Li Hong 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundThe role of metformin in the treatment of adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) remains controversial. We conducted this updated meta-analysis to generate a comprehensive assessment regarding the effect and safety of metformin in treating adolescents with T1DM.MethodsWe systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) from their inception to November 2021 to identify randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of metformin in the treatment of adolescents with T1DM. The primary outcome was the HbA1c level, and secondary outcomes included the body mass index (BMI), total insulin daily dose (TIDD) (unit/kg/d), hypoglycemia events, diabetes ketoacidosis (DKA) events, and gastrointestinal adverse events (GIAEs). Statistical analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4 and STATA 14.0.ResultsTen studies enrolling 539 T1DM adolescents were included. Results suggested that metformin significantly decreased the HbA1c level at 12 months (mean difference [MD])=-0.50, 95% confidence interval [CI]=-0.61 to -0.39, P &lt; 0.01); BMI (kg/m2) at 3 months (MD=-1.05, 95%CI=-2.05 to -0.05, P=0.04); BMI z-score at 6 months (MD=-0.10, 95%CI=-0.14 to -0.06, P&lt;0.01); and TIDD at 3 (MD=-0.13, 95%CI=-0.20 to -0.06, P&lt;0.01), 6 (MD=-0.18, 95%CI=-0.25 to -0.11, P&lt;0.01), and 12 (MD=-0.42, 95%CI=-0.49 to -0.35, P&lt;0.01) months but significantly increased the risk of hypoglycemia events (risk ratio [RR]=3.13, 95%CI=1.05 to 9.32, P=0.04) and GIAEs (RR=1.64, 95%CI=1.28 to 2.10, P&lt;0.01). For remaining outcomes at other time points, no statistical difference was identified. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of all pooled results.ConclusionsThe use of metformin might result in decreased BMI (kg/m2), BMI z-score, and TIDD and increased risk of hypoglycemia events and GIAEs in adolescents with T1DM. However, future studies are required to further confirm the optimal dose and duration of metformin therapy.
Vertical and Horizontal Plastic Litter Distribution in a Bend of a Tidal River
Authors: Blondel Elise , Buschman Frans A. 
Published: May 2022

Plastic litter transported in rivers may enter the marine environment. Due to the durability of plastic, the residence times in the aquatic environment are decades to millennia. Plastic litter items come in a wide variety. The density of the item and the flow velocity largely determine the vertical distribution of the plastic litter, although the litter shape and wind can also play a role in a river. Estimates of plastic transport in a river are usually based on observations of visible litter items in the near-surface layer alone. Only a very limited number of studies have observed the vertical distribution in rivers or estuaries. We have carried out 28 sampling surveys in a river bend located in the lower part of the Rhine-Meuse delta that is under the influence of tides. To observe the vertical distribution, we sampled with three nets simultaneously up to 5 m water depth, at both sides of the river bend. In total, almost 90% of the collected debris was organic matter. Plastic litter represented the large majority of the non-organic litter: about 80% by mass, having an average concentration of 0.5 mg/m3, and more than 90% by number. We observed that by mass and by number the plastic mass concentration in the middle net was generally lower than in the lower and upper nets. In total, more plastic litter was present in the two nets lower in the water column than in the surface net. A higher plastic concentration was found at the downwind side of the channel than at the upwind side of the fairway. It was found that the plastic litter mass concentrations were of the same order of magnitude during ebb than during flood tide. The litter size that contributed most to the mass concentration (around 65%) were items in between 25 and 500 mm, which were mostly soft plastics (i.e. foils). In the lower net, relatively more small hard plastic items were found. It was observed that these plastic items were sometimes entangled in organic matter. The plastic flux lower in the water column may follow the transport of organic matter like aquatic plants.
Baseline of Surface and Column-Integrated Aerosol Loadings in the Pearl River Delta Region, China
Authors: Fan Xuehua , Xia Xiangao , Chen Hongbin , Zhu Yanliang , Li Jun , Yang Honglong , Luo Hongyan 
Published: May 2022

Much attention has been paid to the rapid variation of aerosol loading in the urban areas of the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region. The baseline of aerosol loading in this rapidly developing region is critical in evaluating how and why the aerosol level has evolved, which absolutely requires long-term observations. Based on long-term observations of aerosol optical depth (AOD), visibility, and particulate matter (PM) mass concentrations at Xichong (114.56°E, 22.49°N), a background site in the PRD region, the variabilities of aerosol loading at multiple temporal scales are revealed. The means (±σ) of AOD, visibility, PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 are 0.38 ± 0.07, 12.6 ± 2.3 km, 23.7 ± 12.6 μg/m3, 19.7 ± 11.0 μg/m3, and 16.1 ± 10.1 μg/m3, respectively, which show that aerosol loading at the Xichong site is much lower than that in urban and suburban sites. Significant decreases in PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 mass concentrations are observed with magnitudes up to −2.13, −1.82, and −1.37 yr−1, respectively, at a 95% confidence level. The decrease in aerosol loadings at Xichong is attributed to the strict environmental regulations for improving air quality. Higher AOD and PM (lower visibility) values are observed during the early spring months as a result of long-range transport of biomass burning from Southeastern Asia. Diurnal variations of PM and visibility are dominantly determined by those of boundary layer height and relative humidity. PM mass concentrations show a generally negative (positive) correlation with visibility (AOD) at Xichong, but the correlations are weak with the R2 of 0.22 and 0.54, respectively. Low visibility and high aerosol loading are generally associated with very weak easterly and southerly winds. Understanding of variability of surface particle concentration and column-integrated aerosol loading at this background site in the PRD region would provide a scientific basis for the adoption of pollution prevention and control measures.
Case Report: MYO5B Homozygous Variant c.2090+3A>T Causes Intron Retention Related to Chronic Cholestasis and Diarrhea
Authors: Zheng Yu , Peng Yuming , Zhang Shuju , Zhao Hongmei , Chen Weijian , Yang Yongjia , Hu Zhengmao , Yin Qiang , Peng Yu 
Published: May 2022

Background: Biallelically mutated MYO5B is associated with microvillus inclusion disease (MVID, MIM: 251850), cholestasis, or both. This study aims at validating the splicing alteration and clinical features of an intron variant for diagnosis.Case Presentation: A homozygous variant of MYO5B, NM_001080467.2:c.2090+3A &gt; T (NP_001073936.1:p.?) in intron 17, was identified in a patient suffering from chronic cholestasis and diarrhea. Functional validation showed that this variant caused 185 bp of intron retention in its mRNA and was predicted to present a premature translation termination site for myoVb (p.Arg697fs*47) in the head motor domain. In addition, bowel biopsy revealed decreased microvilli and local lesions of microvillus inclusion in the duodena of the patient. The patient was presented with neonatal cholestasis leading to cirrhosis, intractable diarrhea, cholelithiasis, hepatic cyst, corneal opacity, and failure to thrive.Conclusion: Our study demonstrated an intronic homozygous variant of MYO5B that affected an intron, subsequently altering splicing and leading to combined cholestasis and MVID. Our results further supported the underlying genotype–phenotype correlations and extended clinical practices toward its diagnosis and management.
How the Replication and Transcription Complex Functions in Jumping Transcription of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Liang Jianguang , Shi Jinsong , Chen Shunmei , Duan Guangyou , Yang Fan , Cheng Zhi , Li Xin , Ruan Jishou , Mi Dong , Gao Shan 
Published: May 2022

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Although unprecedented efforts are underway to develop therapeutic strategies against this disease, scientists have acquired only a little knowledge regarding the structures and functions of the CoV replication and transcription complex (RTC). Ascertaining all the RTC components and the arrangement of them is an indispensably step for the eventual determination of its global structure, leading to completely understanding all of its functions at the molecular level.Results: The main results include: 1) hairpins containing the canonical and non-canonical NSP15 cleavage motifs are canonical and non-canonical transcription regulatory sequence (TRS) hairpins; 2) TRS hairpins can be used to identify recombination regions in CoV genomes; 3) RNA methylation participates in the determination of the local RNA structures in CoVs by affecting the formation of base pairing; and 4) The eventual determination of the CoV RTC global structure needs to consider METTL3 in the experimental design.Conclusions: In the present study, we proposed the theoretical arrangement of NSP12-15 and METTL3 in the global RTC structure and constructed a model to answer how the RTC functions in the jumping transcription of CoVs. As the most important finding, TRS hairpins were reported for the first time to interpret NSP15 cleavage, RNA methylation of CoVs and their association at the molecular level. Our findings enrich fundamental knowledge in the field of gene expression and its regulation, providing a crucial basis for future studies.