bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and In vitro Evaluation of Hydrazonomethyl-Quinolin–8–ol and Pyrazol–3–yl-Quinolin–8–ol Derivatives for Antimicrobial and Antimalarial Potential
Authors: Kumar Sanjay , Shah Purvi , Tripathi Siddharth K. , Khan Shabana I. , Singh Inder Pal 
Published: March 2022

Background:Quinoline is a well-established nucleus displaying various biological activities. Quinolin-8-ol-containing compounds are reported for antimicrobial as well as antimalarial activity. Hydrazone- and pyrazole-containing compounds are also reported for antimicrobial activity. In this work, we have synthesized hydrazonomethyl-quinolin–8–ol and pyrazol–3–yl-quinolin–8–ol derivatives retaining quinolin-8-ol along with hydrazone/pyrazole pharmacophores.Objective:The objective of this work was to synthesise and evaluate in vitro hydrazonomethylquinolin– 8–ol and pyrazol–3–yl-quinolin–8–ol derivatives for antifungal, antibacterial and antimalarial activity.Method:Designed and synthesized hydrazonomethyl-quinolin–8–ol and pyrazol–3–yl-quinolin–8– ol derivatives were evaluated for antifungal (against Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus and Cryptococcus neoformans), antibacterial (against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Escherichia Coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsillae pneumoniae) as well as antimalarial (against Plasmodium falciparum D6 and W2 strains) activity.Result:Hydrazonomethyl-quinolin–8–ol (15.1-15.28) and pyrazol–3–yl-quinolin–8–ol derivatives (16.1-16.21 and 20.1-20.18) were synthesized in good to moderate yield. One-pot synthesis of pyrazol– 3–yl-quinolin–8–ol derivatives (16.1-16.21 and 20.1-20.18) was achieved. Compounds 15.3, 15.6, 15.7, 15.9-15.14, 15.16-15.19, 15.22 and 15.24 were found more potent compared to reference standard fluconazole (IC50 = 3.20 μM) against C. albicans with IC50 value less than 3 μM. Compounds 15.1, 15.2, 15.21 and 15.23 showed almost similar activity to reference standard fluconazole against C. albicans. Compounds 15.1-15.3, 15.9-15.12, 15.14-15.17, and 15.21-15.23 also showed good activity against fluconazole-resistant strain A. fumigatus with IC50 value less than 3 μM. Compounds 15.2-15.4, 15.7, 15.9, 15.17, 15.20 showed good antimalarial activity against P. falciparum D6 as well as P. falciparum W2 with IC50 values of 1.84, 1.83, 1.56, 1.49, 1.45, 1.97, 1.68 μM and 1.86, 1.40, 1.19, 1.71, 1.16, 1.34, 1.61 μM, respectively. 5-Pyrazol–3–yl-quinolin–8–ol derivatives, such as 16.3, 16.5, 16.11, 16.13, 16.19, 16.20, also showed antimalarial activity against P. falciparum D6 and W2 strains with IC50 values of 2.23, 2.16, 2.99, 2.99, 2.73, 2.12 μM and 2.91, 3.60, 4.61, 2.71, 2.31, 2.66 μM, respectively.Conclusion:Most of the 5-hydrazonomethyl-quinolin–8–ol derivatives showed good antifungal activity against C. albicans, A. fumigatus and C. neoformans. Most of the 5-hydrazonomethylquinolin– 8–ol derivatives were found more potent than reference standard fluconazole. These derivatives may be considered as leads for further development of antifungal agents.
Comparative Study of Antibacterial Activity of Different ZnO
Nanoparticles, Nanoflowers, and Nanoflakes
Authors: Alshraiedeh Nid'a H. , Alzoubi Karem H. , Ammar Omar F. , Masadeh Majed M. , Al-Fandi Mohamed G. , Oweis Rami J. , Alsharedeh Rawan H. , Alabed Rama A. , Hayajneh Rawan H. 
Published: March 2022

Aim:
In this study, the antibacterial activity of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures of different
shapes, including nanoparticles, nanoflowers, and nanoflakes, was evaluated.

Methods:
The optical and morphological properties of the synthesized nanostructures were characterized
by double-beam ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Energy
Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDX), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Microdilution
method was conducted, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was calculated to compare the
antibacterial activity of the morphologically different nanostructures.

Results:
The SEM showed that ZnO-NPs were spherical in shape with a size of 100 nm. The EDX
spectrum also showed that the synthesized ZnO-NPs were mainly composed of zinc, with the minimum
contaminants being carbon and oxygen. The XRD analysis confirmed that the nature of the
synthesized materials was ZnO with an average grain size of 3 nm to 21 nm. The greatest antibacterial
activity of ZnO nanoparticles was against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and for ZnO nanoflakes,
against Escherichia coli.

Conclusion:
The study demonstrated that the antibacterial activity of nano-ZnO is shape-dependent.
Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) Treatment for Hospitalized Patients with
COVID- 19
Authors: Tsanovska Hristina , Simova Iana , Genov Vladislav , Kundurzhiev Todor , Krasnaliev Jordan , Kornovski Vladimir , Dimitrov Nikolai , Vekov Toni 
Published: March 2022

Objective:
Studies have indicated that hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) exerts antiviral effects
against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. However, trials regarding its effects on patients are very controversial.
This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of (HCQ) in the treatment of hospitalized patients with
COVID-19.

Methods:
We prospectively enrolled 260 patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in Heart and Brain Center
of Excellence- Pleven, Bulgaria, for the period from November 6 to December 28, 2020. This study
is not randomized, which we compensated for with Propensity Score Matching. Patients in the HCQ
group were given HCQ 200 mg 3 times a day (600mg daily) for the duration of their hospitalization
plus conventional treatment, while those in the control group were given conventional treatment only.
The primary endpoints were transferred to the intensive care unit, needed for mechanical ventilation,
and in-hospital death.

Results:
Of the 260 COVID-19 patients, 178 (68.5%) were male and the mean age was of 63.78 ±
12.45 years, with the most prevalent comorbidity hypertension (68.5%). We had two subgroups: treated
with HCQ and conventional treatment (128 patients) and treated with conventional treatment only
(132 patients). In the primary analysis, patients in the HCQ group presented with fewer comorbidities
and were younger than the group without HCQ. Patients treated with HCQ demonstrated a significant
benefit in the primary endpoints compared to those without HCQ, namely, transferred to ICU – 20
(20,8%) vs. 41 (36.9%), p=0.011, need for mechanical ventilation 13 (13.4%) vs. 33 (28.2%), p=0.009
and in-hospital death 14 (10.9%) vs. 35 (26.5%), p=0,001, respectively. We repeated this analysis with
PSM, where 70 matched pairs were identified. Regarding the primary endpoints, we found again a
statistically significant difference between the groups. Comparing transferring to ICU, better outcomes
were presented in the HCQ group: 8 (17.4%) vs. 27 (44.3%), with p= 0.003. Besides, a smaller proportion
of the patients needed mechanical ventilation: 6 (12.8%), compared to the control group, 23
(35.4%), p= 0.007. Notably, patients from the HCQ group died during hospitalization: 8 (11.4%) in
comparison with 19 (27.1%) from the control group, p= 0.018.

Conclusion:
Patients treated with HCQ demonstrated a significant benefit in the primary endpoints in
our study, namely, transfer to the intensive care unit, need for mechanical ventilation, and in-hospital
death. HCQ improves prognosis in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.
Phytochemical and Chemotaxonomic Investigations on Coussapoa Microcarpa
(Cecropieae, Urticaceae)
Authors: Braga Gonçalves Fernanda Manhães , Sousa Adriana Lima de , Mathias Marcelo da Silva , Silva Maciel Jéssica da , Oliveira Rodrigo Rodrigues de 
Published: March 2022

Background:
The Coussapoa genus (Urticaceae, tribe Cecropiae) contains 50 species mainly distributed throughout the Neotropical Region. Although some genera belonging to the Cecropiae tribe have been well-assessed, the chemical profile of Coussapoa members has not yet been investigated.

Objective:
In this context, the aim of the present study was to characterize phenolic substances present in a methanol extract obtained from Coussapoa microcarpa leaves employing UPLC-DAD-ESI-MS analyses

Methods:
Several condensed tannins (epi-afzelechin-epi-catechin, B-type and C-type procyanidins), flavan-3-ols ((+) -catechin and (-) - epicatechin), phenolic acid (O-caffeoylquinic acid) and C-glycosyl flavones (orientin, isoorientin, vitexin, isovitexin, isoorientin-2″-O-rhamnoside,vitexin-2″-O-hexoside, vitexin-2″-O-xyloside and isovitexin-2″-O-xyloside) were identified.

Results:
The determined chemical profile observed for C. microcarpa exhibits chemo-taxonomic significance compared to other neotropical genera.

Conclusion:
Structural variability of the identified secondary metabolites is of significant value for chemosystematic studies concerning the Coussapoa genus and the Cecropiae tribe, both still unexplored regarding their chemodiversity.
Gambaran Penyakit Reproduksi Wanita pada Pasien Rawat Inap yang Menggunakan BPJS Kesehatan di Salah Satu Rumah Sakit Kelas A di Jakarta
Authors: Opitasari Cicih 
Published: March 2022

Abstrak
Penyakit reproduksi menjadi beban berat dan memiliki dampak besar terhadap kesehatan dan kualitas hidup wanita. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran penyakit kelompok reproduksi wanita pada pasien Badan Penyelenggaraan Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) Kesehatan yang dirawat inap di rumah sakit. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan desain potong lintang di salah satu rumah sakit (RS) pemerintah di Jakarta. Data penelitian menggunakan seluruh data klaim rawat inap pasien BPJS Kesehatan periode Januari−Desember 2017 yang di dapatkan dari aplikasi E-Klaim INA-CBGs. Semua pasien wanita yang dirawat inap dan tergolong ke dalam kelompok penyakit reproduksi wanita berdasarkan casemix main groups dianalisis secara deskriptif. Total pasien pada kelompok ini sebanyak 1220, sedangkan jumlah kunjungan adalah 1528 kunjungan. Sebanyak 308 kunjungan merupakan kasus readmisi (tingkat readmisi 20,2%). Usia pasien terbanyak pada kelompok umur 35–44 tahun, rata-rata 39 tahun. Sebagian besar dirawat di kelas 3 dan memiliki tingkat keparahan level 1 dengan lama perawatan rata-rata 5,5 hari. Pasien dengan indikasi rawat ICU sebesar 6,6% dan hampir semua pasien dipulangkan atas persetujuan dokter. Diagnosis utama dan sekunder terbanyak masing-masing adalah observasi suspek neoplasma maligna dan anemia. Rerata klaim INA-CBGs pada penyakit reproduksi wanita masih lebih rendah dari tarif RS, kecuali pada gangguan post partum berat dan antepartum berat.
Kata kunci : penyakit reproduksi wanita, rawat inap, BPJS Kesehatan, INA-CBGs
Abstract
Reproductive morbidity becomes a major burden and has a large impact on women’s health and their quality of life. This paper aims to address the diseases of a female reproductive group in hospitalized BPJS Kesehatan patients. This study was conducted using a cross-sectional design in one government hospital in Jakarta. The study used all hospital claim data for BPJS Kesehatan patients from January to December 2017 that was taken from the E-Claim INA-CBGs application. All-female patients who were hospitalized and classified as female reproductive disease groups based on case-mix main groups were analyzed descriptively. The total number of patients in this group was 1220, while the number of visits was 1528 visits. A total of 308 visits were readmission cases (readmission rate of 20.2%). Most of the patients were aged 35-44 years with an average was 39 years. The majority of the patients were treated in the third class and had severity level 1, the mean length of stay was 5.5 days. The patients who had ICU indication were 6.6% and almost all patients were discharged with the physician’s approval. The most common primary and secondary diagnoses were observations of suspected malignant neoplasms and anemia respectively. The mean of INA-CBG claims in female reproductive diseases was still lower than hospital rates, except in severe postpartum and antepartum disorders.
Keywords: female reproductive diseases, hospitalized, BPJS Kesehatan
PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN, KARAKTERISTIK PEKERJAAN DAN KEMAMPUAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PT PETROKIMIA GRESIK
Authors: Yanti Eli Delvi 
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of leadership, job characteristics and work ability on the performance of employees of PT Petrokimia Gresik Medan. The data collected in this study were primary data and secondary data, which were collected through data collection instruments in the form of questionnaires, interviews and documentation studies. The sample in this study were 45 respondents. This study uses quantitative data, with multiple linear regression method. The test results show that partially the leadership variable has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Job characteristics variables have a positive and significant effect on employee performance. The work ability variable has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Meanwhile, simultaneously, the variables of leadership, job characteristics and work ability have a positive and significant effect on company performance. Keywords: Employee Performance, Leadership, Job Characteristics and Workability
El ms. HC 397-573 de la Hispanic Society: algunas hipótesis de trabajo
Authors: Panateri Daniel A. , Tostes Rogerio R. 
Published: March 2022

En este trabajo intentaremos mostrar algunas características distintivas del manuscrito de la Hispanic Society (HC 397/573). La idea principal es buscar elementos que permitan entender las razones por las que dicho testimonio fue redactado. Por un lado, analizaremos el contexto político-cultural con el objeto de entender las variables espacio-temporales implicadas en la producción del manuscrito. Por otro lado, proveeremos una descripción de la tradición de Partidas y el lugar que el neoyorkino tiene en ella. Asimismo, trataremos de establecer algunas aserciones que expliquen este complejo fenómeno textual. Nos centraremos en varios conceptos tales como interporlación, refundición, y compilación con el objetivo de brindar algunas hipótesis sobre este testimonio y su condición textual.
Map of the Utilization of Social Media in Forming Student Literation Culture in Makassar
Authors: Himayah Himayah 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study aims to see a map of social media use in shaping a literacy culture among students in Makassar. The ease of accessing information sources, copying and pasting information to other places, or sharing information with other parties, has changed students' literacy habits. Using a quantitative approach, this study distributes questionnaires to students via the google docs link. A total of 200 students who have been willing to fill out and return this research questionnaire. The result of this research found that social media has become a necessity for students, especially used for chatting with their friends. Apart from communicating, social media is also used for education, literacy, and fun. Regarding reading and writing literacy habits, social media provides easy access to information providers, so that students use it to meet their needs without having to bother, especially to re-read and check reading material. The variety of information changes rapidly, making students feel that they are sufficient to read news headlines without having to read the entire contents of the information. Likewise, regarding the credibility of news sources, it is not an important thing for students to pay attention to. This shows that the habit of using social media has not been able to help improve literacy skills among students. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat peta pemanfaatan media sosial dalam membentuk budaya literasi di kalangan mahasiswa di Makassar. Kemudahan dalam mengakses sumber informasi, menyalin dan menempel informasi ke tempat lain, atau membagikan informasi kepada pihak lain, telah mengubah kebiasaan mahasiswa dalam berliterasi. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, penelitian ini menyebarkan angket kepada mahasiswa melalui link google docs. Sebanyak 200 mahasiswa yang telah bersedia mengisi dan mengembalikan angket penelitian ini. Hasik penelitian ini menemukan bahwa media sosial sudah menjadi kebutuhan mahasiswa, terutama digunakan untuk mengobrol dengan teman-teman mereka. Selain berkomunikasi, media sosial juga digunakan untuk pendidikan, literasi dan kesenangan. Terkait kebiasaan literasi baca tulis, media sosial dengan memberikan kemudahan dalam melakukan akses ke penyedia informasi, sehingga mahasiswa memanfaatkannya untuk memenuhi kebutuhan tanpa harus bersusah payah, terutama untuk membaca ulang dan memeriksa bahan bacaan. Ragam informasi yang terus berubah dengan cepat, membuat mahasiswa merasa cukup membaca judul-judul berita tanpa harus membaca keseluruhan isi informasi yang ada. Demikian pula mengenai kredibilitas sumber berita, tidak menjadi hal yang penting untuk diperhatikan oleh mahasiswa. Ini menunjukkan bahwa kebiasaan menggunakan media sosial, belum dapat membantu meningkatkan kemampuan literasi di kalangan mahasiswa.
Strategi Meningkatkan Persentase Kunjungan pada Layanan Anak di Dinas Perpustakaan dan Kearsipan Kabupaten Sijunjung
Authors: Sumitra Falian 
Published: March 2022

This study discusses the librarian's strategy in increasing the percentage of visits to children's services at the Library and Archives Office of Sijunjung Regency. The purpose of this research is to find out how the strategies librarians use in increasing visits to children's services and what are the obstacles faced by librarians in increasing visits to children's services at the Library and Archives Office of Sijunjung Regency. The research method used is descriptive with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques used were observation, interviews and literature. The results of this study are the strategies employed by librarians in increasing the percentage of visits to first-child services, doing competitions, be it coloring competitions, story competitions, and painting competitions. Second, doing storytelling and tutoring activities. Third, attracting children with a mobile library. As for the obstacles faced by librarians, namely the lack of facilities or facilities and infrastructure in children's services, limited labor and librarians, as well as views from the community. Penelitian ini membahas mengenai strategi pustakawan dalam meningkatkan persentase kunjungan terhadap layanan anak di Dinas Perpustakaan dan Kearsipan Kabupaten Sijunjung. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana strategi yang dilakukan pustakawan dalam meningkatkan kunjungan di layanan anak dan apa saja kendala yang dihadapi oleh pustakawan dalam meningkatkan kunjungan di layanan anak di Dinas Perpustakaan dan Kearsipan Kabupaten Sijunjung. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakana berupa observasi, wawancara dan kepustakaan. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu strategi yang dilakukan oleh pustakawan dalam meningkatkan persentase kunjungan di layanan anak pertama, melakukan lomba baik itu lomba mewarnai, lomba bercerita, dan lomba melukis. Kedua, melakukan kegiatan storytelling dan bimbingan belajar. Ketiga, menarik pemustaka anak dengan perpustakaan keliling. Adapun hambatan yang dihadapi oleh pustakawan yaitu kurangnya fasilitas atau sarana dan prasarana di layanan anak, keterbatasan tenaga kerja dan pustakawan, serta padangan dari masyarakat.
Law of interest rate changes in financial markets based on the differential equation model of liquidity
Authors: Wan Pengfei , Arbad Ahmed Mohamed Hamad 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The paper establishes a related differential equation model about changes in financial interest rates. It uses information related to liquidity to feedback the law and stability of differential equations in interest rate changes. The article applies stochastic processes and partial differential equations to complex financial networks to confirm node yields in financial market networks. It confirms the existence of interest rate stickiness in Chinese financial markets. The advantage of this interest rate model is that when the external economic environment changes, the state of interest rates will also change accordingly.
Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex as A Major Industrial Area for the Kedah Tua Kingdom Based on Core Drilling Data
Authors: Halim Mohd Hasfarisham Abd , Masnan Shyeh Sahibul Karamah , Talib Nur Khairunnisa , Saidin Mokhtar 
Published: March 2022

Kompleks Arkeologi Sungai Batu adalah kawasan yang terdiri dari himpunan permukiman dan situs pertukaran yang terletak di Lembah Bujang, yang cukup maju sebagai pusat pemerintahan dari abad ke-2 hingga ke-14 Masehi. Temuan arkeologi di Sungai Batu menunjukkan wilayah tersebut merupakan pemukiman yang secara khusus menjadi pusat penghasil besi, baik terlibat dalam kegiatan penambangan maupun peleburan besi. Penelitian lapangan ini menerapkan metode pengeboran inti di kawasan Kompleks Arkeologi Sungai Batu yang bertujuan untuk memperoleh data primer terkait potensinya sebagai pusat kawasan industri Kerajaan Kedah Tua. Bukti arkeologis terkini mengungkapkan bahwa kawasan ini dahulu sebagai pusat bengkel peleburan besi untuk kerajaan Kedah Tua sejak 788 SM. Analisis pengeboran inti berdasarkan contoh tanah jelas menunjukkan bahwa daerah ini merupakan bagian dari teluk laut purba yang luas sebelum turunnya permukaan air laut. Daerah ini lalu berubah menjadi muara sungai yang memungkinkan berdirinya permukiman. Daerah Kompleks Arkeologi Sungai Batu juga kaya akan kandungan bahan baku seperti bijih besi untuk industri peleburan dan alluvium untuk pembuatan batu bata. Daerah ini kemudian berkembang menjadi kompleks industri yang maju sejak 788 SM.
Sungai Batu archaeological complex is a group of various settlements and exchange sites located in the Bujang Valley, which developed as a polity from the 2nd to 14th century AD. The archaeological findings at Sungai Batu suggest the position of the area as a polity or settlement specializing in primary iron production, which involved the activities of iron mining and smelting. Field research involving core drilling methods applied in the area of ​​Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex with the main purpose of obtaining primary data related to its potential as a major industrial area of ​​Kedah Tua Kingdom. This is because current archaeological evidence reveals that this area has been used as a major and advanced iron smelting workshop for the Kedah Tua kingdom since 788 BC. Analysis of core drilling (soil samples) clearly shows that this area represented the part of a large ancient marine bay before the sea level decreased. It was changed to become a river estuary allowing settlements to be established. Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex also exposed many raw materials such as iron ore for the smelting industry and alluvium for making a brick. It has developed into a flourishing industrial complex since 788 BC.