bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protostellar-disc fragmentation across all metallicities
Authors: Matsukoba Ryoki , Tanaka Kei E I , Omukai Kazuyuki , Vorobyov Eduard I , Hosokawa Takashi 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Cosmic metallicity evolution possibly creates the diversity of star formation modes at different epochs. Gravitational fragmentation of circumstellar discs provides an important formation channel of multiple star systems, including close binaries. We here study the nature of disc fragmentation, systematically performing a suite of 2D radiation-hydrodynamic simulations, in a broad range of metallicities, from the primordial to the solar values. In particular, we follow relatively long-term disc evolution over 15 kyr after the disc formation, incorporating the effect of heating by the protostellar irradiation. Our results show that the disc fragmentation occurs at all metallicities 1–$0 \, \rm {Z}_{\odot }$, yielding self-gravitating clumps. Physical properties of the clumps, such as their number and mass distributions, change with the metallicity due to different gas thermal evolution. For instance, the number of clumps is the largest for the intermediate metallicity range of 10−2–$10^{-5} \, \rm {Z}_{\odot }$, where the dust cooling is effective exclusively in a dense part of the disc and causes the fragmentation of spiral arms, although the disc might fragment at a similar rate, also at lower metallicities 10−6–$0 \, \rm {Z}_{\odot }$ with higher spatial resolution. The disc fragmentation is more modest for 1–$0.1 \, \rm {Z}_{\odot }$, thanks to the disc stabilization by the stellar irradiation. Such metallicity dependence agrees with the observed trend that the close binary fraction increases with decreasing metallicity in the range of 1–$10^{-3} \, \rm {Z}_{\odot }$.
Model BOSS and eBOSS luminous red galaxies at 0.2 &lt; z &lt; 1.0 using SubHalo Abundance Matching with three parameters
Authors: Yu Jiaxi , Zhao Cheng , Chuang Chia-Hsun , Bautista Julian E , Favole Ginevra , Kneib Jean-Paul , Mohammad Faizan G , Ross Ashley J , Raichoor Anand , Tao Charling , Dawson Kyle , Rossi Graziano 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
SubHalo Abundance Matching (SHAM) is an empirical method for constructing galaxy catalogues based on high-resolution N-body simulations. We apply SHAM on the UNIT simulation to simulate SDSS BOSS/eBOSS luminous red galaxies (LRGs) within a wide redshift range of 0.2 &lt; $z$ &lt; 1.0. Besides the typical SHAM scatter parameter σ, we include $v$smear and Vceil to take into account the redshift uncertainty and the galaxy incompleteness, respectively. These two additional parameters are critical for reproducing the observed 2PCF multipoles on 5–25$\, h^{-1}\, {\rm Mpc}$. The redshift uncertainties obtained from the best-fitting $v$smear agree with those measured from repeat observations for all SDSS LRGs except for the LOWZ sample. We explore several potential systematics but none of them can explain the discrepancy found in LOWZ. Our explanation is that the LOWZ galaxies might contain another type of galaxies that needs to be treated differently. The evolution of the measured σ and Vceil also reveals that the incompleteness of eBOSS galaxies decreases with the redshift. This is the consequence of the magnitude lower limit applied in eBOSS LRG target selection. Our SHAM also set upper limits for the intrinsic scatter of the galaxy–halo relation, given a complete galaxy sample: σint &lt; 0.31 for LOWZ at 0.2 &lt; $z$ &lt; 0.33, σint &lt; 0.36 for LOWZ at 0.33 &lt; $z$ &lt; 0.43, and σint &lt; 0.46 for CMASS at 0.43 &lt; $z$ &lt; 0.51. The projected 2PCFs of our SHAM galaxies also agree with the observational ones on the 2PCF fitting range.
Exploring the dependence of hot Jupiter occurrence rates on stellar mass with TESS
Authors: Beleznay Maya , Kunimoto M 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
We present estimates for the occurrence rates of hot Jupiters around dwarf stars based on data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) Prime Mission. We take 97 hot Jupiters orbiting 198 721 AFG dwarf stars (ranging in mass from 0.8 to $2.3\, {\rm M}_{\odot }$) from an independent search for hot Jupiters using TESS Prime Mission data. We estimate our planet sample’s false positive rates (FPRs) as $14\pm 7{{\,\rm per\,cent}}$ for A stars, $16\pm 6{{\,\rm per\,cent}}$ for F stars, and 0 per cent for G stars. We find hot Jupiter occurrence rates of $0.29 \pm 0.05{{\,\rm per\,cent}}$ for A stars, $0.36 \pm 0.06{{\,\rm per\,cent}}$ for F stars and $0.55 \pm 0.14{{\,\rm per\,cent}}$ for G stars, with a weighted average across AFG stars of $0.33\pm 0.04{{\,\rm per\,cent}}$. Our results show a correlation between higher hot Jupiter abundance and lower stellar mass and are in good agreement with occurrence rates found by Kepler. After correcting for the presence of binaries in the TESS stellar sample, we estimate a single-star hot Jupiter occurrence rate of $0.98\pm 0.36{{\,\rm per\,cent}}$ for G stars. This is in agreement with results from radial velocity (RV) surveys, indicating that stellar multiplicity correction is able to resolve the discrepancy between hot Jupiter occurrence rates based on transits and RVs.
Venetoclax and Hypomethylating Agents as First-line Treatment in Newly Diagnosed Patients with AML in a Predominately Community Setting in the US
Authors: Vachhani Pankit , Flahavan Evelyn M , Xu Tao , Ma Esprit , Montez Melissa , Gershon Anda , Onishi Maika , Jin Huan , Ku Grace , Flores Brannon , Bui Cat N , Abbas Jonathan A , Donnellan William 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Treatment with venetoclax + hypomethylating agents (HMAs) is standard-of-care for newly diagnosed (ND) patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) aged ≥75 years, or with comorbidities precluding intensive chemotherapy. We describe real-world venetoclax + HMA treatment practices and outcomes in patients with ND AML in the US.

Patients and Methods
This retrospective cohort study used an electronic health record-derived, US nationwide, de-identified database, and included adults with ND AML, initiating venetoclax + HMA treatment ≤30 days from diagnosis (June 1, 2018-January 31, 2020). Venetoclax treatment variables included dosing information, schedule modifications, and drug–drug interactions. The median venetoclax + HMA treatment duration and overall survival (OS) from venetoclax initiation to discontinuation, death, or end of follow-up (August 31, 2020) were examined by Kaplan-Meier analyses.

Results
Overall, 169 patients were included. The median age at diagnosis was 77 years; 85.2% of patients were treated in community practice. Ninety-five of 169 patients (56.2%) had evaluable bone marrow response data following the start of treatment; 53.7% were assessed approximately at the end of cycle 1. Following the first treatment cycle, treatment schedule modifications were recorded in 101 patients and dose changes in 56, primarily due to toxicity. The median treatment duration was 5.2 months; the median OS was 8.6 months (median follow-up was 7.2 months). Venetoclax dose changes did not modify efficacy outcomes, but longer median OS was associated with venetoclax treatment schedule modifications (P = .02).

Conclusions
This study reflects early real-world experience with venetoclax + HMAs in a predominantly community setting and emphasizes the importance of appropriate venetoclax management in optimizing patient outcomes.
Transcriptional activation of auxin biosynthesis drives developmental reprogramming of differentiated cells
Authors: Sakamoto Yuki , Kawamura Ayako , Suzuki Takamasa , Segami Shoji , Maeshima Masayoshi , Polyn Stefanie , De Veylder Lieven , Sugimoto Keiko 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Plant cells exhibit remarkable plasticity of their differentiation states, enabling regeneration of whole plants from differentiated somatic cells. How they revert cell fate and express pluripotency, however, remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that transcriptional activation of auxin biosynthesis is crucial for reprogramming differentiated Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) leaf cells. Our data show that interfering with the activity of histone acetyltransferases dramatically reduces callus formation from leaf mesophyll protoplasts. Histone acetylation permits transcriptional activation of PLETHORAs, leading to the induction of their downstream YUCCA1 gene encoding an enzyme for auxin biosynthesis. Auxin biosynthesis is in turn required to accomplish initial cell division through the activation of G2/M phase genes mediated by MYB DOMAIN PROTEIN 3-RELATED (MYB3Rs). We further show that the AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 7 (ARF7)/ARF19 and INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID INDUCIBLE 3 (IAA3)/IAA18-mediated auxin signaling pathway is responsible for cell cycle reactivation by transcriptionally upregulating MYB3R4. These findings provide a mechanistic model of how differentiated plant cells revert their fate and reinitiate the cell cycle to become pluripotent.
Psychosocial Predictors of Chronic Pain 12 Months After Surgical Fixation for Lower Extremity Fracture: A Prospective Study
Authors: Van Wyngaarden Joshua J , Archer Kristin R , Pennings Jacquelyn S , Matuszewski Paul E , Noehren Brian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objective
Pain is a common outcome after lower extremity fracture (LEF) requiring surgical fixation. Although psychosocial characteristics have meaningful associations with adverse outcomes, no studies have evaluated how psychosocial characteristics throughout recovery are associated with pain outcomes. The primary purpose of this study was to determine whether psychosocial characteristics are early risk factors for pain outcomes in patients following LEF who have no history of chronic pain.

Methods
Participants, 122 patients with a LEF, consented to this single-center, prospective cohort study. Measurements of depression, pain self-efficacy, pain catastrophizing, and fear of movement were completed at 1 week, 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after LEF. Chronic pain development and pain intensity were assessed at 12 months. Univariate analyses assessing the difference between means and corresponding effect sizes were evaluated between those individuals with and without chronic pain at 12 months. Separate logistic and linear regression models using psychosocial scores at each time point were used to determine the association with the development of chronic pain and pain intensity, respectively.

Results
Of 114 patients (93.4%) who completed the study, 51 (45%) reported chronic pain at 12 months. In the univariate analysis, all psychosocial variables at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months were significantly different between those with and those without chronic pain at 12 months (Cohen d range = 0.84 to 1.65). In the multivariate regression models, all psychosocial variables at 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months were associated with chronic pain development (odds ratio range = 1.04 to 1.22) and pain intensity (β range = .05 to .14) at 12 months.

Conclusion
Psychosocial scores as early as 6 weeks after surgery are associated with pain outcomes 12 months after LEF.

Impact
Physical therapists should consider adding psychosocial screening throughout recovery after LEF to identify patients at increased risk for long-term pain outcomes.
On a Qualitative and Lie Symmetry Analysis for a Pendulum with Two Reaction Wheels
Authors: Ruiz A , Basquerotto C H C C , Trentin J F S , Da Silva S 
Published: August 2022

Summary
In this article, it is studied the mechanical system formed by a pendulum with two reaction wheels in which the friction torque is assumed to follow a Coulomb law. A qualitative analysis of the system is performed for the damped case. Specifically, the equilibrium points for the unforced pendulum are analyzed. Also, in the forced case, the conditions for which there exist asymptotically stable solutions are determined. In order to study the exact analytical solution of the unforced pendulum, we also perform a Lie symmetry analysis. In this regard, it is shown that the exact general solution of the system for null motor torques can be expressed in terms of the general solution to an Abel equation. In the unforced and undamped case, the exact general solution is obtained in explicit form and expressed in terms of the Jacobi elliptic function by using the Lie symmetry approach.
When Less is More: Improving Choices in Health Insurance Markets
Authors: Abaluck Jason , Gruber Jonathan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We study the impact of changing choice set size on the quality of choices in health insurance markets. Using novel data on enrolment and medical claims for school district employees in the state of Oregon, we document that the average employee could save $600 by switching to a lower cost plan. Structural modelling reveals large “choice inconsistencies” such as non-equalization of the dollar spent on premiums and out of pocket, and a novel form of “approximate inertia” where enrolees are excessively likely to switch to other plans that are close to the current plan on the plan design spreadsheet. Variation in the number of plan choices across districts and over time shows that enrolees make lower-cost choices when the choice set is smaller. We show that a curated restriction of choice set size improves choices more than the best available information intervention, partly because approximate inertia lowers gains from new information. We explicitly test and reject the assumption that this is because individuals choose worse from larger choice sets, or “choice overload”. Rather, we show that this feature arises from the fact that larger choice sets feature worse choices on average that are not offset by individual re-optimization.
The Disutility of Stock Market Losses: Evidence From Domestic Violence
Authors: Lin Tse-Chun , Pursiainen Vesa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractStock returns during the week are negatively associated with the reported incidence of domestic violence during the weekend. This relationship is primarily driven by negative returns. The incidence of domestic violence increases with the magnitude of losses, and the effect increases with local stock market participation. Our findings suggest that negative wealth shocks caused by stock market crashes can affect stress levels within intimate relationships, escalate arguments, and trigger domestic violence. Stock market losses may reduce household utility beyond the shock to financial wealth, supporting gain-loss models where disutility from losses outweighs the utility from gains of a similar magnitude.Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.
Morphometric Integrated Classification Index: A Multisite Model-Based, Interpretable, Shareable and Evolvable Biomarker for Schizophrenia
Authors: Xie Yingying , Ding Hao , Du Xiaotong , Chai Chao , Wei Xiaotong , Sun Jie , Zhuo Chuanjun , Wang Lina , Li Jie , Tian Hongjun , Liang Meng , Zhang Shijie , Yu Chunshui , Qin Wen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background and Hypothesis
Multisite massive schizophrenia neuroimaging data sharing is becoming critical in understanding the pathophysiological mechanism and making an objective diagnosis of schizophrenia; it remains challenging to obtain a generalizable and interpretable, shareable, and evolvable neuroimaging biomarker for schizophrenia diagnosis.

Study Design
A Morphometric Integrated Classification Index (MICI) was proposed as a potential biomarker for schizophrenia diagnosis based on structural magnetic resonance imaging data of 1270 subjects from 10 sites (588 schizophrenia patients and 682 normal controls). An optimal XGBoost classifier plus sample-weighted SHapley Additive explanation algorithms were used to construct the MICI measure.

Study Results
The MICI measure achieved comparable performance with the sample-weighted ensembling model and merged model based on raw data (Delong test, P &gt; 0.82) while outperformed the single-site models (Delong test, P &lt; 0.05) in either the independent-sample testing datasets from the 9 sites or the independent-site dataset (generalizable). Besides, when new sites were embedded in, the performance of this measure was gradually increasing (evolvable). Finally, MICI was strongly associated with the severity of schizophrenia brain structural abnormality, with the patients’ positive and negative symptoms, and with the brain expression profiles of schizophrenia risk genes (interpretable).

Conclusions
In summary, the proposed MICI biomarker may provide a simple and explainable way to support clinicians for objectively diagnosing schizophrenia. Finally, we developed an online model share platform to promote biomarker generalization and provide free individual prediction services (http://micc.tmu.edu.cn/mici/index.html).
Silent codon positions in the A-rich HIV RNA genome that do not easily become A: Restrictions imposed by the RNA sequence and structure
Authors: Berkhout Ben , van Hemert Formijn J 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
There is a strong evolutionary tendency of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to accumulate A nucleotides in its RNA genome, resulting in a mere 40 per cent A count. This A bias is especially dominant for the so-called silent codon positions where any nucleotide can be present without changing the encoded protein. However, particular silent codon positions in HIV RNA refrain from becoming A, which became apparent upon genome analysis of many virus isolates. We analyzed these ‘noA’ genome positions to reveal the underlying reason for their inability to facilitate the A nucleotide. We propose that local RNA structure requirements can explain the absence of A at these sites. Thus, noA sites may be prominently involved in the correct folding of the viral RNA. Turning things around, the presence of multiple clustered noA sites may reveal the presence of important sequence and/or structural elements in the HIV RNA genome.
Reproducing Celibacy: Nuns’ Households in Nineteenth-Century New Mexico Territory
Authors: Jacobson Danae 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This article explores the material and cultural households that Catholic nuns, the Sisters of Loretto, built in New Mexico Territory in the 1850s through 1870s.  In some ways, these households served a similar function as other White households in the U.S. settler empire. However, given the specific situation in New Mexico Territory—where Nuevomexicanos remained dominant in politics and demographics after U.S. conquest, where Catholicism was widespread, and where the nuns became a majority Spanish-speaking, New Mexican congregation—the Sisters of Loretto ended up playing a complicated and surprising role in both U.S. and Catholic colonialism in New Mexico. Through an examination of the nuns’ built environment, rituals, and novitiate, the article explores how this unconventional household reproduced itself, within the context of the U.S. settler empire and Catholic colonialism. Although the Sisters of Loretto’s arrival in Santa Fe was predicated on U.S. conquest, the expected narrative of easterners go west to conquer and Americanize is complicated by the concurrent Catholic colonialism, the nuns’ gender, as well as the deep history of Catholicism in New Mexico Territory. In the end, New Mexican women, both wealthy and poor, are the protagonists of this story. Given the power of New Mexican women in the community and its decision to conduct ritual life in Spanish, this household worked to constrain the Americanization of New Mexico Territory in the face of U.S. conquest and the anti-New Mexican push of Catholic priests from the U.S. and Europe.
Cervical Dilators Used Concurrently With Misoprostol to Shorten Labor in Second-Trimester Termination of Pregnancy
Authors: Anselem Olivia , Jouannic Jean-Marie , Winer Norbert , Bouchghoul Hanane , Vivanti Alexandre J. , Quibel Thibault , Massardier Jérôme , Rousseau Jessica , Ancel Pierre-Yves , Goffinet François , Tsatsaris Vassilis 
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the use of cervical dilators concurrently with misoprostol to shorten labor in second-trimester medical termination of pregnancy.

METHODS:
This multicenter randomized controlled trial compared the efficacy of cervical dilators inserted concurrently with misoprostol with that of misoprostol, alone, to shorten labor for women undergoing termination of pregnancy between 15 0/7 and 27 6/7 weeks of gestation. The primary outcome was the proportion of women with a duration of labor exceeding 12 hours. Secondary outcomes included median duration of labor, time to amniotomy, side effects, complications, NPRS (Numeric Pain Rating Scale) score, and women's distress as measured by the IES-R (Impact of Event Scale-Revised). These outcomes also were studied separately in the nulliparous subgroup. To demonstrate a reduction of 50% of the proportion of women with a duration of labor exceeding 12 hours in the dilator group, with a power of 80% and a 2-sided 0.05 significance level, a sample of 268 women (134 in each group) was required.

RESULTS:
Between December 2017 and September 2019, this study enrolled and analyzed 347 women: 174 in the dilator group and 173 in the control group, including 87 and 93 nulliparous patients, respectively. Sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics were similar between groups. The proportion of women with labor exceeding 12 hours was not different between groups (49/174 [28.2%] in the dilator group vs 53/173 [30.6%] in the control group [P=.61] for the whole population, and 37/87 [42.5%] vs 42/93 [45.2%] [P=.72], respectively, among nulliparous patients). Median duration of labor was 8.5 hours in the dilator group compared with 9.2 hours in the control group (P=.65) for the whole population, and 10.5 hours compared with 11.8 hours, respectively, among nulliparous patients (P=.33). Median time to amniotomy was 3.6 hours in the dilator group compared with 5.0 hours in the control group (P=.08) for the whole population, and 3.5 hours compared with 6.7 hours, respectively, among nulliparous patients (P=.003). Side effects, complications, NPRS score, and IES-R score were similar between groups.

CONCLUSION:
Cervical dilators inserted concurrently with misoprostol did not reduce the proportion of women whose labor exceeded 12 hours compared with misoprostol alone.

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION:

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03194230.
Medical Counseling on Sexual Enrichment Aids
Authors: Collar Amanda L. , Rishel Brakey Heidi , Fuentes Jesus E. , Frietze Kathryn M. 
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE:
To investigate women's preferences and experiences regarding health counseling of safe sexual enrichment aid use and hygiene and current counseling behaviors of medical practitioners on this topic.

METHODS:
This study used mixed methodology, leveraging quantitative data from a cross-sectional survey of 800 women and semi-structured qualitative interview data from 24 women across sexual practice groups. Additionally, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of 192 medical practitioners to understand current counseling behaviors and attitudes.

RESULTS:
The majority of women (96.2%, 607/631) had never been counseled by a practitioner on safe sexual enrichment aid use and hygiene but would feel comfortable receiving counseling on the subject under certain circumstances. Overwhelmingly, women indicated the need for a nonjudgmental practitioner. Many cited the importance of having a female practitioner and preferred one within obstetrics and gynecology. Among medical practitioners, counseling on this topic was infrequent; 27.0% (52/192) stated that they counsel patients on safe sexual enrichment aid use and hygiene when discussing safe sex, and 21.4% (41/192) reported that this topic is included when counseling women after a sexually transmitted infection diagnosis. Only 7.4% (14/188) and 6.4% (12/188) had received training on this topic or were aware of any professional guidelines or recommendations, respectively.

CONCLUSION:
Evidence-based guidelines should be developed that practitioners can use to counsel patients, ensuring that women are able to engage in sexual enrichment aid use safely.