bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrogel adhesives for generalized wound treatment: Design and applications
Authors: Li Meng , Pan Guoying , Zhang Hualei , Guo Baolin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWound refers to the place where human body is injured and ruptured. So, wounds in a broad sense include not only skin wounds, but also damages of muscle, corneal, heart, and lung, etc. As “gold standard” of wound closure, suture and staple cause secondary damage to the tissue, and require professional skills and equipment, so noninvasive hydrogel adhesives have been developed as an alternative to close and treat different kinds of wounds. However, the existing reviews mainly discussed the research of hydrogel adhesives for skin wounds, and the focus is mostly on its types and adhesion mechanisms, but a review comprehensively discusses the design and application of hydrogel adhesives on generalized wounds for wound closure and wound healing and the unique needs of various wounds for hydrogel adhesives is still lacking. In this review, the types and adhesion mechanisms of hydrogel adhesives will be briefly described, then the research progress of hydrogel adhesives in wound treatment is reviewed in detail from two aspects: the comprehensive design principles and the unique requirements of different types of wounds. Overall, we expect that this review will provide guidance for the development of hydrogel adhesives as new avenues for generalized wound care and treatment.
Rho‐kinase inhibitors protect against neonatal hyperoxia‐induced airway hyperreactivity in a rat pup model: Role of prostaglandin F2α
Authors: Beqiraj‐Zeqiraj Qendresa , Thaçi Qëndrim , Sahiti Floran , Kovač Zdenko , Raffay Thomas M. , Sopi Ramadan B. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundOxygen therapy in preterm neonates is associated with airway hyperreactivity. The role of Rho/Rho‐kinase smooth muscle signaling in hyperoxia‐induced airway hyperreactivity remains understudied. We hypothesized that inhibition of Rho‐kinase will attenuate airway hyperreactivity induced by neonatal hyperoxia.MethodsNewborn rats were raised in hyperoxia (>95% O2) or ambient air (AA) for 7 days. Subgroups were injected with a Rho‐kinase inhibitor: Y‐27632 (10 mg·kg−1·day−1) or fasudil (10 mg·kg−1·day−1), or a FP receptor antagonist ‐ AS604872 (30 mg·kg−1·day−1). After exposures, tracheal cylinders were prepared for in vitro wire myography. Contraction to methacholine or PGF2α was measured in the presence or absence of tissue‐bath Y‐27632, fasudil, or AS604872. Lung PGF2α levels, Rho‐kinase protein level and Rho‐kinase 1 activity were measured by ELISA.ResultsTracheal smooth muscle contraction was significantly greater in hyperoxic compared to AA groups. Both, Y‐27632 and fasudil significantly decreased contractility to MCh or PGF2α in hyperoxic groups versus hyperoxic controls (p < 0.001), but did not alter AA group responses. Inhibition of FP receptors attenuated responses to PGF2α. Hyperoxia significantly increased lung PGF2α compared to AA (p < 0.01), but Rho‐kinase inhibition did not influence PGF2α level. Rho‐kinase protein level (p < 0.001) and activity (p < 0.01), were increased by hyperoxia, but blockade of FP receptor reduced the Rho‐kinase 1 activity (p < 0.05) under hyperoxic condition.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates an active role of Rho/Rho‐kinase signaling on hyperoxia‐induced airway hyperreactivity. These findings suggest that Rho‐kinase inhibitors might serve as an effective therapy for hyperoxia‐induced airway hyperreactivity.
Tadalafil for veterans with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease—pulmonary hypertension: A multicenter, placebo‐controlled randomized trial
Authors: Maron Bradley A. , Choudhary Gaurav , Goldstein Rebekah L. , Garshick Eric , Jankowich Matthew , Tucker Troo J. S. , LaCerda Kathleen A. , Hattler Brack , Dempsey Edward C. , Sadikot Ruxana T. , Shapiro Shelley , Rounds Sharon I. , Goldstein Ronald H. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTreating Veterans with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complicated by pulmonary hypertension (COPD‐PH) using phosphodiesterase type‐5 inhibitor pharmacotherapy is common, but efficacy data are lacking. To address this further, patients with COPD‐PH from five Department of Veterans Affairs hospitals were randomized (1∶1) to receive placebo or oral tadalafil (40 mg/day) for 12 months. The primary endpoint was changed from baseline in 6‐min walk distance at 12 months. Secondary endpoints included change from baseline in pulmonary vascular resistance, mean pulmonary artery pressure, and symptom burden by the University of California San Diego shortness of breath questionnaire scale at 6 months. A total of 42 subjects (all male; 68 ± 7.6 years old) were randomized to placebo (N = 14) or tadalafil (N = 28). The group imbalance was related to under‐enrollment. Compared to placebo, no significant difference was observed in the tadalafil group for change from the primary endpoint or change in mean pulmonary artery pressure or pulmonary vascular resistance from baseline at 6 months. A clinically meaningful improvement was observed in the secondary endpoint of shortness of breath questionnaire score in the tadalafil versus placebo group at 6 months. There was no significant difference in major adverse events between treatment groups, and tadalafil was well tolerated overall. For Veterans with COPD‐PH enrolled in this study, once‐daily treatment with tadalafil did not improve 6‐min walk distance or cardiopulmonary hemodynamics although a decrease in shortness of breath was observed. Under‐enrollment and imbalanced randomization confound interpreting conclusions from this clinical trial and limit the generalization of our findings.
Dark‐State Induced Quantum Nonreciprocity
Authors: Nefedkin Nikita , Cotrufo Michele , Krasnok Alex , Alù Andrea 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWith the development of quantum technologies and their broad applications, the phenomenon of reciprocity breaking has been evolving from an effective tool in classical wave optics and electrodynamics to a promising instrument also for the field of quantum computing and quantum information processing. In this work, nonreciprocal wave phenomena that arise in atom‐like quantum systems are studied. Different approaches to isolation and nonreciprocity in quantum systems are reviewed, with a focus on a specific class of passive devices where nonreciprocity is induced by the system nonlinearity, without the need of an external bias. It is then discussed how to model these effects and what their underlying physics is, outlining how the existence of a slowly‐decaying subradiant state is critical to obtain large nonreciprocal responses. The susceptibility of these devices to changes in the environment is analyzed, together with the opportunities that come from including temporal modulations.
Robotic arm‐assisted posterior‐stabilised total knee arthroplasty reduces the amount of tibial bone resection thickness without increasing the rate of postoperative flexion contracture in varus knees in the short term: Comparison with image‐free navigated total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Ishida Kazunari , Shibanuma Nao , Hayashi Shinya , Kurosaka Masahiro , Kuroda Ryosuke , Matsumoto Tomoyuki 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to compare the bone resection thickness, rate of minimal thickness insert usage, and postoperative range of motion (ROM) between robotic and navigated total knee arthroplasty (TKA).MethodsFifty consecutive posterior‐stabilised (PS) robotic TKA and 50 case‐controlled PS navigated TKA were enroled. Bone resection thickness, rate of minimal thickness insert usage, and postoperative flexion contracture over 5° were statistically compared.ResultsThe tibial bone resection thickness was significantly thinner in robotic TKA. The insert thickness was significantly lower, and the rate of minimal thickness insert usage was significantly higher in robotic TKA. The ROM at 3 months postoperatively and the rate of postoperative flexion contracture were comparable between the two groups.ConclusionRobotic TKA can reduce the tibial bone resection thickness and increase the rate of minimal thickness insert usage without increasing postoperative flexion contracture as compared with navigated TKA.
Finite time observer‐based output feedback control of MEMS gyroscopes with input saturation
Authors: Zhang Rui , Xu Bin , Shi Peng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe finite time observer‐based output feedback control of MEMS gyroscopes with input saturation is addressed in this article. For the unmeasured speed signal, neural network (NN) learning‐based finite time observer is designed to observe the speed signal in finite time, where the adaptive NN is employed to approximate the nonlinear dynamics with system uncertainties. Considering the input saturation, an auxiliary system is introduced to design the anti‐saturation compensator, such that the actual controller can escape saturation with less time and faster convergence can be achieved. Then the anti‐saturation compensator further works together with output feedback controller to control the dynamics of MEMS gyroscopes. Simulation results are given to verify the faster speed observation and faster convergence of the proposed controller under input saturation.
Circular economy adoption challenges in medical waste management for sustainable development: An empirical study
Authors: Kandasamy Jayakrishna , Kinare Yatin P. , Pawar Miheer T. , Majumdar Abhijit , K.E.K. Vimal , Agrawal Rohit 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn recent years, many countries are promoting circular economy (CE) practices in the manufacturing and service sectors. Medical waste management has traditionally relied upon a linear economy for many years and requires transformation to CE. The reason for transitioning towards CE can be attributed to various ecological and economic drawbacks of the linear economy. Excessive production and dumping of wastes are polluting our environment. Moreover, scarcity of raw materials and growing demand increases the price of goods, eventually affecting global markets. However, only a few studies deliberate the challenges while implementing CE in the medical waste industry. This paper presents the potential challenges for the implementation of CE in medical waste management. The challenges were determined by an extensive literature review. A set of 85 responses was collected from industry experts through a questionnaire survey. Using exploratory factor analysis, the challenges were clubbed into six groups. A fuzzy theory‐based decision‐making trial and evaluation laboratory technique was used to prioritise and construct interrelationships among the main challenges. It is found that the most significant challenge is reprocessing difficulty, which is followed by a lack of transportation and infrastructure. This research covers the major challenges in adopting the CE across medical waste management and will benefit organisations in adopting CE practices for sustainable development. In addition, the limitations and future scope of the study are discussed. This study can further be improved by addressing the challenges while implementing the solutions mentioned in this study.
Arterial Labeling Ultrasound Subtraction Angiography (ALUSA) Based on Acoustic Phase‐Change Nanodroplets
Authors: An Jian , Zhang Jiabin , Dong Feihong , Yin Jingyi , Feng Feng , Guo Wenyu , Huang Shuo , Wang Di , Dang Jie , Zhang Jue , Cheng Heping 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBiomedical imaging technology (like digital subtraction angiography (DSA)) based on contrast agents has been widely employed in the diagnosis of vascular‐related diseases. While the DSA achieves the high‐resolution observation of specified vessels and their downstream perfusion at the cost of invasive, radioactive operation and hepatorenal toxicity. To address those problems, this study develops arterial labeling ultrasound (US) subtraction angiography (ALUSA) based on a new perfluorobutane (PFB) nanodroplets with a lower vaporization threshold through spontaneous nucleation. The nanodroplets can be selectively vaporized to microbubbles, indicating a highly echogenic signal at B‐mode images only using a diagnostic transducer. By labeling a single blood vessel for nanodroplets vaporization and tracking its downstream blood perfusion in segmental renal arteries at a frame rate of 500 Hz. The results demonstrate the color‐coded super‐resolution ALUSA image, exhibiting the downstream arcuate and interlobular arteries of each segmental renal artery with a resolution of 36 µm in a rabbit kidney. Furthermore, ALUSA could offer the vascular structures, blood flow velocity, and direction of their primary supply vessels in the mouse breast tumor. ALUSA fills the gap of noninvasive labeling angiography in US and opens a broad vista in the diagnosis and treatment of tumor and vascular‐related diseases.
Compression tests on large angle columns in high‐strength steel
Authors: Bezas Marios‐Zois , Demonceau Jean‐François , Vayas Ioannis , Jaspart Jean‐Pierre 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNominated for Eurosteel 2021 Best Paper AwardThe paper addresses the instability of large angle columns in high‐strength steel subjected to compression loads. It presents a number of compression tests on such columns with different eccentricities and slenderness and the resulting different buckling failure modes observed. The experimental campaign is intended to widen our understanding of the behaviour of high‐strength steel columns with large angle sections in compression and bending and so to complement previous experimental studies. The tests were accompanied by numerical analyses and calculations of the load carrying capacities based on current Eurocode 3 design recommendations. The numerical simulations were conducted using the FEM software FINELG, which takes into account the influence of geometrical and material non‐linearities. The numerical and analytical results are compared with the corresponding experimental ones. The experimental campaign and the numerical simulations were conducted as part of the ANGELHY project funded by the European Commission's Research Fund for Coal and Steel (RFCS).
Digitization of the historical Herrenhausen Herbarium at Göttingen (GOET), with special focus on plants collected in Switzerland in 1820
Authors: Reiner‐Drehwald M. Elena , Hörandl Elvira , Appelhans Marc S. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThree generations of the Wendland family, Johann Christoph Wendland (1755–1828), Heinrich Ludolph Wendland (1792–1869) and Hermann Wendland (1825–1903), were outstanding court gardeners at the Royal Gardens of Herrenhausen (Hanover, Germany). The “Wendlands” not only enriched the botanical diversity of the gardens through plants obtained in exchange, purchased or collected during their own journeys, but they also achieved a good scientific reputation by publications on diverse botanical themes including the description of new taxa. Moreover, there exists a herbarium of approximately 16,600 plant specimens related to these gardens, the Wendlands and their publications. Numerous papers dealing with the Wendlands and the Royal Gardens of Herrenhausen have been published. The Herrenhausen Herbarium, however, also known as the Wendland Herbarium, which was donated to the University of Göttingen in 1969, was so far neither digitized nor revised. Here, we describe the history and the current digitization of this herbarium, which includes specimens collected between 1780 and 1857. It consists of three major parts: the Herrenhausen Herbarium arranged according to the Linnaean System (13,035 specimens), the palm collection (1069 specimens) and smaller collections (specimens collected by Hermann Wendland in Central America, collections of Carl Hoffmann from Costa Rica and a part of Jakob Friedrich Ehrhart's herbarium, who was a student of Linnaeus; approximately 2500 specimens). The systematic digitization of this historical herbarium as a whole revealed a seemingly unconventional arrangement of the specimens, which we explain here for the correct interpretation of collection data. Furthermore, and despite the meagre information on the herbarium labels, we were able to identify 260 specimens from a trip of Heinrich Ludolph Wendland to Switzerland in 1820. By comparing the specimen labels with entries in his diary and travel report, we were able to retrace detailed information on localities and dates, providing historical biodiversity information. Also, the historical identification of these specimens was revised. A list of collectors represented in the Herrenhausen Herbarium is provided, which includes famous names such as Linnaeus and his students Afzelius, Bergius, Ehrhart, Schreber, and Thunberg.
Documenting the flora of a diversity hotspot: Richard Thomas Lowe (1802–1874) and his botanical exploration of Madeira island
Authors: Mesquita Sandra , Carine Mark , Castel‐Branco Cristina , Menezes de Sequeira Miguel 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOceanic island floras often exhibit remarkable concentrations of endemic diversity, provide spectacular examples of rapid evolutionary radiations and harbour floras under significant threat due to anthropogenic pressures. They have attracted the interest of biologists for centuries, but their floras continue to yield new taxa and, at a global scale, the extent of their plant diversity remains imperfectly known. Both natural characteristics and historical factors have shaped the development of knowledge of island floras. In this paper, we investigate the approach of Richard Thomas Lowe (1802–1874), to documenting the flora of Madeira island in the North Atlantic. Lowe collected abundantly in Madeira between 1826 and 1873, resulting in several works on Madeira's flora, published from the 1830s. At a time when taxonomic research on island floras was often based on limited collections made during brief expeditions, Lowe's research on the flora, spanning almost half a century, was exceptional. In this study, 2579 herbarium specimens collected by Lowe were georeferenced and used to investigate temporal, spatial and taxonomic patterns in Lowe's collecting activities. We also examine the distribution of specimens by Lowe to other botanists. Some biases are evident in Lowe's collecting efforts, with steep slopes under‐sampled and coastal sites over‐sampled. These reflect constraints imposed by topography and transport links. These limitations aside, Lowe's work on the Madeiran flora was conducted in a systematic manner, resulting in a comprehensive study of the entire flora. His approach was distinctly modern: he gathered and studied all available information in herbaria and in the published and unpublished writings from earlier visitors; his initial fieldwork was conducted widely to gain knowledge of all habitats and their floras; later fieldwork focussed on less‐explored and most promising areas; duplicates were sent to other botanists, facilitating taxonomic exchanges on critical taxa; and his later fieldwork focussed on plant groups where taxonomic problems had been detected. As a result of Lowe's sustained and systematic approach, he is the single most prolific contributor to the study of Madeira's endemic flora. His approach is a model to documenting island floras still relevant today. Areas poorly sampled by Lowe were areas that were difficult to access, which also protected them from anthropic destructive activities and allowed them to serve as refuges for endemic flora. Those areas deserve particular attention in efforts to complete the survey of Madeira's plant diversity, using technological advancements such as drones to prospect areas that are otherwise still largely inaccessible.
The COlorectal NEoplasia Endoscopic Classification to Choose the Treatment classification for identification of large laterally spreading lesions lacking submucosal carcinomas: A prospective study of 663 lesions
Authors: Brule Clementine , Pioche Mathieu , Albouys Jeremie , Rivory Jerome , Geyl Sophie , Legros Romain , Rostain Florian , Dahan Martin , Lepetit Hugo , Sautereau Denis , Ponchon Thierry , Auditeau Emilie , Jacques Jeremie 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionOptical diagnosis is necessary when selecting the resection modality for large superficial colorectal lesions. The COlorectal NEoplasia Endoscopic Classification to Choose the Treatment (CONECCT) encompasses overt (irregular pit or vascular pattern) and covert (macroscopic features) signs of carcinoma in an all‐in‐one classification using validated criteria. The CONECCT IIC subtype corresponds to adenomas with a high risk of superficial carcinoma that should be resected en bloc with free margins.MethodsThis prospective multicentre study investigated the diagnostic accuracy of the CONECCT classification for predicting submucosal invasion in colorectal lesions >20 mm. Optical diagnosis before en bloc resection by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) was compared with the final histological diagnosis. Diagnostic accuracy for the CONECCT IIC subtype was compared with literature‐validated features of concern considered to be risk factors for submucosal invasion (non‐granular large spreading tumour [NG LST], macronodule >1 cm, SANO IIIA area, and Paris 0‐IIC area).ResultsSix hundred 63 lesions removed by ESD were assessed. The en bloc, R0, and curative resection rates were respectively 96%, 85%, and 81%. The CONECCT classification had a sensitivity (Se) of 100%, specificity (Sp) of 26.2%, positive predictive value of 11.6%, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 100% for predicting at least submucosal adenocarcinoma. The sensitivity of CONECCT IIC (100%) to predict submucosal cancer was superior to all other criteria evaluated. COlorectal NEoplasia Endoscopic Classification to Choose the Treatment IIC lesions constituted 11.5% of all submucosal carcinomas.ConclusionThe CONECCT classification, which combines covert and overt signs of carcinoma, identifies with very perfect sensitivity (Se 100%, NPV 100%) the 30% of low‐risk adenomas in large laterally spreading lesions treatable by piecemeal endoscopic mucosal resection or ESD according to expertise without undertreatment. However, the low specificity of CONECCT leads to a large number of potentially not indicated ESDs for suspected high‐risk lesions.