bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE RESISTANCE OF THE PEGAYAMAN ISLAMIC COMMUNITY AGAINST STIGMA AND IDENTITY RETENTION STRATEGIES IN BULELENG REGENCY
Authors: Anom Kumbara A.A. Ngurah , Kartika Dewi A A Sagung 
Published: May 2022

The issue of disharmony and conflict based on differences in culture, religion, history, and ethnicity still often arises in Indonesia, including in Bali. One of the related phenomena is the stigmatization of the Islamic community in Pegayaman Village which causes various forms of violence, both physical and symbolic. The aims of this study are 1) to understand the reasons underlying the emergence of stigmatization; 2) describe the forms of stigma, and 3) examine strategies for resistance to stigma and maintaining the identity of the Pegayaman Islamic Community in Buleleng Regency. Data was collected using in-depth interviews, observation, document studies, and focus group discussions. Data analysis used a critical interpretation approach with the stages of reduction, presentation, drawing conclusions and verification. This study finds that the reasons underlying the stigmatization of the Pegayaman Islamic Community include, (a) historical experience factors, (b) religious ideology, and ethnicity, (c) construction of reality for various interests, and (d), self-reflexivity, 'we'. and 'them'. Forms of stigma include, (a) labeling, (b) stereotypes, (c) separation; and (d) discrimination. The resistance and identity defense strategies that have been carried out include (a) direct and open strategies through demonstrations, dialogue with the bureaucracy, politicians, media, and regulation of interfaith marriage restrictions, as well as (b) strategies to improve the quality of life of community members through hard work, status improvement economics, children's education, instilling Islamic values ??from an early age, and building cooperation in social, religious, and economic activities. This strategy is effective in minimizing the stigma of society towards the Pegayaman Islamic Community.
Keywords : Identity, Islamic community of Pegayaman, resistance, strategy, stigma
Current tendencies in diagnostics and treatment of peripheral benign lung tumors
Authors: Plaksin S. A. , Kotelnikova L. P. 
Published: May 2022

The OBJECTIVE was to estimate clinical characteristics, diagnostic possibilities of computed tomography, minimally invasive methods of treatment of peripheral benign lung tumors.MATERIALS AND METHODS. Benign tumors were diagnosed in 311 (8.2 %) patients among 3789 people with bronchopulmonary neoplasms. A comparative assessment of the results of diagnostics and treatment of two groups of patients was carried out. The first group included 103 patients treated from 2003 to 2009, the second one – 128 patients treated from 2013–2020. 219 (94.8 %) patients were operated on. RESULTS. Benign lung tumors were more often detected at the age of 40-60 years – in 143 (61.9%) patients. The majority (184 patients, 79.6%) had no complaints. In 208 (90 %) patients, tumors were diagnosed during fluorography studies. In the second group, multispiral computed tomography revealed tumors less than 10 mm in size in 38 % of cases. The histological type of tumors was determined during intraoperative express histological test. In the second group, the number of thoracoscopies increased from 2.2 to 43 %, and – thoracotomies decreased from 94.5 to 52.3 %, the number of stapler resections of the lungs doubled, and the number of tumor enucleation decreased by half (p<0.01). Thoracotomy was performed in case of deep tumor localization or large size of the tumor, it was impossible to find it endoscopically. Ten patients underwent lobectomy.CONCLUSION. Most peripheral benign lung tumors are asymptomatic. Computed tomography revealed tumors less than 1cm in size in 38 % of cases. To rule out malignancy, it is necessary to perform urgent surgery with an intraoperative express histological test. Thoracoscopy allows to remove surface peripheral tumors using the method of stapler resection.
Computed tomography diagnostics of mediastinal hernias after pneumonectomy
Authors: Vasyukov M. N. 
Published: May 2022

The formation of mediastinal hernias after pneumonectomy may be associated with the development of complications from the remaining lung. The lack of information about the patterns of their development, morphometric characteristics, and dynamics in the postoperative period indicates the urgency of the problem.The OBJECTIVE was to reveal the topographic and anatomical patterns of the formation of mediastinal hernias after pneumonectomy, to give anatomometric characteristics at various times after the operation.METHODS AND MATERIALS. Computed tomography of the chest of 53 patients (50 men and 3 women) aged 39 to 75 years before and after pneumonectomy (26 on the left, 27 on the right) were examined. Computed tomography was performed on the 10–12th day, 6 and 12 months after surgery. The transverse size of anterior and posterior mediastinal hernias after left- and right-sided pneumonectomies, their dynamics, and density of lung tissue in the hernial protrusion area were studied. 3D was performed – modeling of the remaining lung. RESULTS. Hernial protrusions were visualized in patients with atelectasis of the lung part before surgery. 10 days after left pneumonectomy, anterior and posterior mediastinal hernias were visualized in 80.8 % of patients. One year after left surgery, anterior hernias were observed in 91.7 % of patients, they increased in size and the average size was (57.3±5.2) mm at the ThV–VI level. Posterior mediastinal hernias 12 months after left pneumonectomy were found in 80.5 % of patients, the average size was (34.9±5.2) mm at the ThVIII level. After right pneumonectomy in the early postoperative period, anterior mediastinal hernias occurred in 70.3 % of patients, a year later-in 88.2 %, the average size was (41.0±7.6) mm at the ThV level. The average transverse sizes of anterior mediastinal hernias 12 months after left and right pneumonectomies did not differ significantly (P=0.950). Posterior mediastinal hernias after right surgery were found in 20.0 % of patients, the largest size was determined at the ThIX level, with an average of (12.7±5.8) mm. After pneumonectomy, bullous changes occured in the lung tissue of mediastinal hernias.CONCLUSION. Anterior mediastinal hernias are equally common after left and right pneumonectomy, while the size of the hernias did not differ significantly. Posterior mediastinal hernias after left pneumonectomy occurs in 88.2 % of patients, after right pneumonectomy – in 20 % of cases.
Method for prevention forming the residual cavity in liver echinococcosis
Authors: Aliev M. Zh. , Raimkulov K. M. , Niiazbekov K. I. , Musaev A. I. , Zhumashov T. M. 
Published: May 2022

The OBJECTIVE was to evaluate the results of the developed measures for the prevention of the residual cavity in liver echinococcectomy.METODS AND MATERIALS. The patients were operated on in the surgical departments of the City Clinical Hospital ¹ 1 in Bishkek in 2017–2018. The article presents the results of observation of 95 patients operated on for liver echinococcosis without complications of biliary fistulas. The developed measures for the prevention of complications were used in the work. There were 2 groups (control and main). In the control group (63 people), organ-preserving operations were performed using traditional methods to eliminate the cavity of the fibrous capsule. In the main group (32 people), the same elimination methods were performed, but supplemented with the use of a hemostatic collagen sponge to prevent the occurrence of a residual cavity, and they also affected the area of the surgical wound with infrared irradiation to prevent inflammatory complications.RESULTS. In the control group, when performing capitonage and invagination, the residual cavity was detected in 5 patients, of which 3 developed suppuration. During pericystectomy, residual cavity and bile leakage occurred in 1 case, reactive pleurisy – in 4 cases. In the control group, the residual cavity required puncture, and in 3 patients, a second operation was performed – open drainage of the festering cavity. Thus, the occurrence of residual cavity was 9.5 %, other complications – 7.9 %. In the main group, with the use of preventive measures of capitonage and invagination, the residual cavity was detected in 2 (6.3 %) cases of small size, without the presence of exudative-inflammatory phenomena, and during pericystectomy, the occurrence of a cavity and wound complications were not detected.CONCLUSION. The application of the developed measures to prevent the occurrence of a residual cavity and inflammatory complications with the use of a hemostatic collagen sponge during capitonage and invagination made it possible to reduce the number of complications by 1.5 times. There were no complications associated with pericystectomy.
Comparison of the effectiveness of planned and «on-demand» relaparotomies in patients with secondary diffuse peritonitis (review of literature)
Authors: Sigua B. V. , Zemlyanoy V. P. , Kotkov P. A. , Ignatenko V. A. 
Published: May 2022

INTRODUCTION. The main component of the treatment of patients with secondary diffuse peritonitis is surgical intervention aimed at controlling the source of infection. In some cases, a single intervention is not enough for effective sanation of the abdominal cavity, which requires relaparotomy. There is currently no generally accepted approach to the timing and order for such interventions. The OBJECTIVE was to carry out a comparative analysis of the immediate results of patients with secondary diffuse peritonitis treatment using strategies of planned and «on-demand» relaparotomies.METHODS AND MATERIALS. The inclusion criteria for the review were randomized and cohort controlled trials comparing the efficacy of planned and «on-demand» relaparotomies in the treatment of secondary diffuse peritonitis. Primary sources comparing the results of these surgical strategies in adult patients were searched using the CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Scopus and eLibrary databases. The studies were independently assessed for inclusion by two review authors according to the stated eligibility criteria followed by data extraction. The methodological quality of randomized trials was assessed using the Cochrane tool for assessing the risk of bias, nonrandomized ones – using the Russian version of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Arising disagreements were resolved through discussions.RESULTS. The review included one randomized controlled trial according to the inclusion criteria and 16 nonrandomized cohort studies with a total of 3672 participants (1835 and 1837 patients undergoing planned and «on-demand» relaparotomies, respectively). Given the significant statistical heterogeneity of the included studies (χ2=119.2, df=16, p<0.00001, I2=87 %), a random effects model was used to assess the intervention effect: the resulting risk of death ratio was 0.68 (95 % CI 0.42–1.10) in favor of planned relaparotomies. The assessment of the systematic review sensitivity, performed by changing the inclusion criteria, showed a similar conclusion: the risk of death ratio was 0.79 in favor of the planned relaparotomies (95 % CI 0.46–1.36).CONCLUSION. The obtained data demonstrated the presence of a statistically insignificant (p=0.11) decrease in postoperative mortality rate in the subgroup of patients with planned relaparotomies. Given the average risk of systematic and significant risk of publication bias in the included studies, these conclusions should be accepted with caution. Further studies in the format of randomized trials will undoubtedly increase the level of the evidence reliability.
Orexin-A levels in reproductive age group women and its association with body mass index
Authors: Jain Shikha , Gupta Vandana , Goel Amit , Gupta Vani 
Published: May 2022

Objectives:
Orexins are hypothalamic neuropeptides, which are involved in feeding behaviour, sleep-wakefulness, and neuroendocrine homeostasis in the body. The study was conducted with the aim to estimate the serum orexin levels in reproductive age group (RAG) women and to determine the association of serum orexin levels with body mass index (BMI) in females of RAG.

Materials and Methods:
One hundred and forty apparently healthy women of RAG (20–40 years) were randomly selected. Fasting serum orexin levels were measured using ELISA and BMI was calculated in women based on their height and weight.

Results:
Serum orexin levels were significantly higher in women with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (P = 0.035) as compared to women with BMI < 25 kg/m2.

Conclusion:
In the present study, BMI correlated significantly with mean serum orexin levels. However, serum orexin levels did not correlate with the age of women.
DAMPAK PEMBERIAN REWARD NILAI IP SEMESTER DI ATAS 3,1 TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MAHASISWA KOTA SAWAHLUNTO
Authors: Asril Asril 
Published: May 2022

<span>Dalam rangka meningkatkan motivasi belajar mahasiswa mahasiswa di Kota Sawahlunto, Pemerintah Kota Sawahlunto mengupayakan memberikan reward bagi setiap mahasiswa yang berhasil mendapatkan nilai IP semester di atas 3,10 setiap semesternya dengan syarat Program studinya terkareditasi A/B baik Perguruan Tinggi Negeri maupun Tinggi swasta. Penelitian yang penulis lakukan bersifat deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian merupakan seluruh mahasiswa Kota Sawahlunto, sedang sampel penelitian diambil secara purposive yaitu mahasiswa Kota Sawahlunto yang memeperoleh nilai IP diatas 3,1. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisa deskriptif kuantitatif. Dalam mewujudkan prestasi belajar siswa dapat dilakukan pemberian reward pada siswa, pemberian reward yang baik pada mahasiswa akan mampu meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa reward mempunyai pengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap prestasi belajar mahasiswa.</span>
Antiphospholipid antibodies and their role in the development of placental dysfunction
Authors: Zhuk S.I. , Us І.V. 
Published: May 2022

The objectives: to assess the spectrum and diagnostic value of antiphospholipid antibodies (APLA) by placental dysfunction. Materials and methods. A study of the APLA spectrum in 122 patients with placental dysfunction in the II and III trimesters of pregnancy was carried out. The control group included 64 practically healthy women in the II and III trimesters of pregnancy with a physiological course of gestation and without a complicated reproductive and somatic history. Results. The overall frequency of detection of critical APLA in the group of women with placental dysfunction was 46.7%, while in women with a physiological course of pregnancy there were no cases of a positive serological reaction to the content of APLA. The number of patients with high and medium titers of IgG and IgM (critical APLA) was low – 11.5%. Noncritical APLA (antiphosphatidylethanolamine and antiphosphatidylserine IgM and IgG antibodies) were more often determined in low and medium titers in patients with placental dysfunction without pronounced hemodynamic changes and were detected in 36.9% of cases.Most of the patients with circulating antibodies to cardiolipin and β2-glycoprotein-1 (21 (17.2%) people) had low (up to 20 U/ml) levels of APLA. The median APLA level in patients with placenta-associated complications which were associated with placental dysfunction (28.5 (18.1) was higher than in patients without these complications (18.6 (7.4); P<0.01).Conclusions. The circulation of APLA in the mother’s blood is of a great importance for predicting of the placental dysfunction development and its severity. An increase concentration of circulating APLA in the maternal blood serum correlates with the frequency of severe forms, the timing of the onset of placental dysfunction and the development of placenta-associated pregnancy complications. In placental dysfunction, the APLA spectrum includes lupus anticoagulant, antibodies to cardiolipin, phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamin. Their identification increases the efficiency of diagnostics of antiphospholipid syndrome.
Pembelajaran Daring Dalam Meningkatkan Keaktifan Siswa PAI
Authors: Zulkifli Zulkifli , Tis'ah J. Anhar Rabi Hamsah , Damayanti Sri , Nasrulloh Nasrulloh , Bustomi Muhammad 
Published: May 2022

Pendidikan sangat penting dalam kehidupan dan tidak dapat dipisahkan dalam kehidupan manusia itu sendiri, karena tanpa pendidikan manusia tidak dapat tumbuh dan berkembang secara baik. Oleh sebab itu pendidikanlah yang akan mengantarkan manusia pada derajat yang tinggi, yaitu orang-orang yang berilmu. Pemerintah melalui kemendikbud mengeluarkan surat edaran no. 4 tahun 2020 yang isinya adalah untuk melaksanakan pembelajaran secara daring, tentunya hal ini bertujuan untuk menghentikan penyebaran virus covid-19 akibat dari kerumunan yang ditimbulkan dari proses belajar mengajar disekolah. Namun pembelajaran daring masih tergolong baru dalam lembaga pendidikan di Indonesa, masih banyak guru, maupun siswa yang belum mengetahui tentang bagaimana melaksanakan pembelajaran secara daring. Akibatnya terjadi perubahan terhadap keaktifan siswa dalam peroses pembelajaran kususnya dalam mata pelajaran PAI. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) mengetahui pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring dalam keaktifan siswa mata pelajaran PAI kelas XI di SMAN 11 Kab. Tangerang Tangerang, 2) mengetahui upaya Peningkatan Pembelajaran Daring Dalam Meningkatkan Keaktifan Siswa Mata Pelajaran PAI Kelas XI di SMAN 11 Kab. Tangerang, Adapun metode yang dipakai pada penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa 1) Terjadi penurunan keaktifan siswa dalam pembelajaran daring yang diakibatkan berbagai kendala seperti, gangguan jarring internet, metode belajar yang monoton, beban biaya paket kuota, Kurangnya pengetahuan tentang teknologi informasi dan pengoprasian aplikasi serta kurangnya komunikasi sosial guru dan siswa. 2) Adapun upaya peningkata pembelajaran dalam meningkatkan keaktifan siswa terdiri dari berberapa faktor yaitu melakukan pelatihan guru, metode belajar yang inovatif serta Pelayanan jaringan internet dan subsidi kuota yang maksimal
The potential antioxidant activity of ethanol extract and fraction of ciplukan (Physalis angulata) on DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl)
Authors: Alam Tunas , Ekayanti Meiliza , Permana Nada , Hadissabil Zulfikar 
Published: May 2022

Antioksidan eksogen pada tanaman diketahui memiliki efek samping yang kecil, murah dan digunakan dalam mencegah penyakit. Dengan berkembangnya penggunaan tanaman dan sayuran sebagai sumber antioksidan alami, banyak peneliti tertarik untuk menginvestigasi dan mempelajari hal ini. Dalam penelitian ini, ekstrak etanol dan fraksi tanaman ciplukan (Physalis angulata) dilakukan investigasi dan evaluasi potensi aktivitas antioksidannya. Fokus dari penelitian ini adalah menetapkan kadar dan mengevaluasi aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak etanol dan fraksi ciplukan.
Akar, batang, dan daun ciplukan diekstraksi dengan menggunakan metode maserasi kemudian dipartisi dengan fraksi polar (air), non polar (n-heksana), dan semipolar (etil asetat). Hasil ekstraksi kemudian dianalisis kadar flavonoid total dengan menggunakan kuersetin sebagai standar dan aktivitas antioksidan pada DPPH. Hubungan antara kadar total flavonoid dan aktivitas antioksidan ditentukan dengan metode regresi linier.
Ekstrak etanol daun ciplukan memiliki nilai total flavonoid tertinggi yaitu 38.04 ± 0.8 mg/g kemudian diikuti oleh ekstrak akar (9 ± 0.2 mg/g), dan ekstrak batang (7.1 ± 0.1 mg/g). Fraksi etil asetat dari ekstrak etanol daun ciplukan memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang tinggi yaitu 32.10 ± 0.2 µg/ml yang dihitung sebagai IC50 kemudian diikuti oleh fraksi air (38.20 ± 0.8 µg/ml), dan fraksi heksana (38.20 ± 0.8 µg/ml) . Hasil analisis regresi linier menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan berkorelasi dengan nilai total flavonoid dan disimpulkan bahwa flavonoid merupakan komponen antioksidan utama pada tanaman ciplukan.
Comparison of Glycine Versus Sterile Water Use in Transurethral Resection of the Prostate: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Bhatta Pashupati Nath , Yadav Umesh Kumar , Raya Akash , Yadav Aditya Prakash , Karki Rishi Kumar 
Published: May 2022

Introduction
All endoscopic surgery in urology needs irrigant fluid for clear visibility and to wash out the blood and debris. Glycine 1.5% is widely accepted but sterile water is cheaper and easily available. All types of irrigants are responsible to cause electrolyte disturbance to different degrees. In our study, we compare the glycine 1.5% with sterile water as irrigant fluid.
Materials and Methods
In this prospective observational study, 64 patients were included with 31 patients in the sterile group and 33 patients in the Glycine group. Hemoglobin, sodium, potassium was analyzed postoperatively after 6 hours. Weight of prostate, resection volume, the volume of fluid, and resection time was calculated.
Results
There were changes in the parameter of hemoglobin and sodium but were not statically significant whereas the change in potassium was statically significant in both groups.
Conclusion
Sterile water is a safe inexpensive and easily available fluid for TURP as compared to glycine 1.5%. The study did not show any significant difference in using both fluids our sample size was small so needs a similar study with a large sample size to confirm the observation.
Comparative Study of Ondansetron and Granisetron for Preventing Post-Operative Nausea and Vomiting in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy under General Anaesthesia
Authors: Pradhan Suresh , Dhakal Santosh 
Published: May 2022

Introduction
Post-operative nausea and vomiting are commonly experienced unpleasant complications of general anesthesia following laparoscopic surgeries. The study was undertaken to compare the antiemetic efficacy of two different 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 receptor antagonists, ondansetron and granisetron when given prophylactically to patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia.
Methods
A prospective, double-blind study, was conducted in 60 patients aged 20-60 years ASA-PS I/II, weighing 40-80 kgs, undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia. Patients were divided into two groups: Group A (Ondansetron 4mg intravenously) and Group B (Granisetron 2mg intravenously) with 30 patients in each group. Both the drugs were diluted in normal saline to 10 ml and were given at the end of surgery before the reversal of the neuromuscular blockade. Episodes of nausea and vomiting were assessed at 6, 12, and 24 hours post-operatively. Collected data was applied with the appropriate test in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and p-value <0.05 was considered significant.
Results
Incidence of PONV was greater in Ondansetron group (53.33%) compared to Granisetron group (23.33%) (p=0.02). Demographic data were comparable in both groups (p>0.05). The episodes of retching and vomiting at different intervals were found to be higher in the ondansetron group. However, it was statistically insignificant. The use of rescue anti-emetics was greater in group A (13.33%) compared to group B (3.33%) but the finding was insignificant statistically (p=0.16).
Conclusion
The incidence of PONV was significantly high in the Ondansetron group than in the Granisetron group when given prophylactically in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.