bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nuclear magnetic resonance structural characterization of sulfur‐derived copolymers from inverse vulcanization. Part 1: Styrene
Authors: Pyun Jeffrey , Carrozza Chiara Francesca , Silvano Selena , Boggioni Laura , Losio Simona , de Angelis Alberto Renato , O'Neil Parker Jr Wallace 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOrganosulfur polymers prepared via the inverse vulcanization of elemental sulfur with olefinic comonomers represent a new class of high‐chalcogenide content organic/inorganic macromolecules. Extensive reporting on new synthetic advances and materials derived from the inverse vulcanization process have been explored in the past decade. However, detailed structural analysis of these sulfur copolymers have not been rigorously conducted, due to the poor solubility of many of these materials, coupled with the numerous side‐reactions that result in complex microstructures from these synthetic methods. In the current report, we revisit analysis of the solution 13C NMR spectral data for poly(S‐r‐Sty) and identify for the first time previously unidentified carbon peaks that offer new insights into a corrected repeating unit structure of this sulfur copolymer.
Removal of Pb2+ from Wastewater By γ‐Fe2O3@SHFA Based on Alkali‐Modified Fly Ash: Performance and Mechanism
Authors: Wang Wen , Qi Liqiang , Yuan Hejin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA magnetic coagulant (γ‐Fe2O3@SHFA) is prepared by fly ash and magnetic seed (γ‐Fe2O3) doping to remove Pb2+ from wastewater. The optimum modification conditions and doping procedures are determined by three‐factor and single‐factor experiments, respectively. The coagulation mechanism and properties of γ‐Fe2O3@SHFA are investigated. The results show that when the coagulant dosage is 1.0 g L−1, pH = 5.0 ± 0.2, and the coagulation reaction time is 20 min, the maximum Pb2+ removal capacity can reach 88.72 mg g−1. The point of zero charge, zeta potential, Brunner Emmet Teller, scanning electron microscope, X‐ray diffraction, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicate that charge neutralization and bridging action play an important role in the removal process of Pb2+. Coagulation kinetic, isothermal, and thermodynamic analyses show that the removal behavior of the magnetic coagulant on Pb2+ is dominated by physical effects, and the coagulation process is spontaneous, endothermic, and irreversible. After five reuses, the Pb2+ removal capacity of γ‐Fe2O3@SHFA decreases from 73.55 to 51.11 mg g−1, which remains at a high level.
Formulation of citizen science approach for monitoring Sustainable Development Goal 6: Clean water and sanitation for an Indian city
Authors: Venkatesh Baskaran , Velkennedy R 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe United Nations acknowledges that action in one of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) will impact outcomes in others and that development should interact the social, economic, and environmental sustainability. Many countries have prioritized goals and targets based on their current progress and the prosperity of their people. This article focused on SDG 6: Clean water and sanitation, especially the first two (6.1 and 6.2) out of eight targets. The author has considered SDG 6, a critical goal to focus on and achieve in Tirunelveli city municipal corporation. The study area is situated in the Tirunelveli district of Tamil Nadu, India's southernmost state. Citizen science (CS), also known as community science, has emerged as an effective method of collecting data and supporting a wide range of indicators from the SDG targets. The objective of this article is to utilize the benefit of the CS approach for monitoring the targets 6.1 and 6.2 pertained to drinking water and sanitation facilities respectively in the study area. The activities suggested for this SDG 6 CS project were framing the core question, identification of citizen scientists, data analysis, and action plan. College students, ward councilors, and community volunteers, referred to as three categories of citizen scientists, will collect household data for all 55 wards in the study area. The value of the collected data to various government agencies and monitoring organizations is also discussed.
Dye Decolorization by Rhodococcus ruber Strain TES III Isolated from Textile Effluent Wastewater Contaminated Soil
Authors: Kumari Sapna , Debnath Mousumi , Hari Sonawane Shirish , Teja Malkapuram Surya , Mohan Seepana Murali 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTextile industries monopolize the use of synthetic and natural colors, claiming they are safe for the environment. These dyes have disastrous repercussions when released into the terrestrial and aquatic environment. The main purpose of the study was to isolate a biosurfactant‐producing bacterium from textile effluent‐contaminated soil and study its potential for dye degradation. Biosurfactant was extracted from Rhodococcus ruber strain TES III, a bacterium isolated from textile water contaminated soil. This biosurfactant‐producing bacterium was capable of decolorizing both synthetic dyes like methyl orange, methylene blue, and natural dyes like Indigo. There was a 2‐fold increase in methyl orange degradation after 48 hours, a 1‐fold increase in methylene blue degradation, and a 4.13‐fold increase in indigo dye degradation. Based on the foregoing data, we conclude that the biosurfactant‐producing bacteria Rhodococcus ruber strain TES III has a high potential for dye degradation and hence can be used in wastewater treatment of textile industries.
Facile Preparation of Silver‐decorated Graphene in Polyvinylidene Fluoride for Highly Enhanced Thermal Conductivity
Authors: Xu Zhaosheng , Bai Jia‐qi , Rao Changlv , Wu Mingyuan , Sun Song , Chen Jingshuai , Mao Chang‐Jie 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPolyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is a highly non‐reactive thermoplastic fluoropolymer, which is widely used for lithium battery diaphragm coating. However, the temperature of working environment will be increased because of the heat generated by the battery during operation, it is urgent to prepare PVDF polymer composites with high thermal conductivity. Herein, we reported a simple and rapid “one‐pot” method for preparing silver nanoparticles (AgNP) modified graphene through in‐situ growth of AgNP between the gaps of graphene nanosheets (GNs). Moreover, the thermal conductivity of GNs/Ag powder was higher than that of GNs. Furthermore, GNs/Ag showed excellent thermal conductivity when it was mixed with PVDF, and the highest thermal conductivity of 0.679 W/(mK) was obtained for graphene/silver‐polyvinylidene fluoride (GNs/Ag‐PVDF) nanocomposites, which was 2.22 times as high as that of pure PVDF. This work will provide a promising solution to solve the problem of heat dissipation for lithium batteries and other electronic components during practical application.
Protonation of Guanine:5‐Methylcytosine and Guanine:Cytosine Base Pairs in Duplex Oligodeoxyribonucleotides
Authors: González‐Olvera Julio C. , Fiala Radovan , Pless Reynaldo C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNMR‐ and UV‐monitored acid titrations conducted on short model oligodeoxyribonucleotide duplexes demonstrate the protonation of guanine:5‐methylcytosine and guanine:cytosine base pairs at the O2 position of the cytosine base, at pH values close to 7, without disruption of the general duplex structure. In the NMR technique, this protonation transition is most clearly observed by monitoring the 5‐methylcytosine‐H6 resonance, while pH effects on the 5‐methylcytosine methyl group, on guanine‐H8, and on the cytosine‐H5 and ‐H6 resonances are small. The local sequences GMeCG, TMeCT, and TCT show decreasing basicity, in this order. The basicity of the G:MeC base pair is almost unaffected by ionic strength. Under more acidic conditions, adenine:thymine base pairs may be similarly protonated at the adenine base. Hydrogens on thymine bases contained in single‐stranded oligonucleotides are strongly affected by the protonation of near‐by bases. The results posit that canonical double‐stranded DNA is protonated to a significant extent at certain sites under physiological conditions.
A Nanohybrid Containing Cyan‐Emitting Copper Nanoclusters and TiO2 Nanoparticles: Tuning of Optoelectronic Properties
Authors: Bairagi Dipayan , Hazra Soumyajit , Basu Kingshuk , Banerjee Arindam 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNanohybrid materials are designed to cover up the weaknesses of individual components. In this current work, an environment‐friendly synthesis was used to produce a cyan‐emitting copper nanocluster (Cu NC) with a quantum yield of 8.7 %. This negatively charged nanocluster was successfully used to make a nanohybrid with anatase titanium dioxide mesoporous nanoparticles having Lewis‐acidic pores. The nanohybrid formation was characterized by time‐correlated single‐photon counting studies (TCSPC), solid‐state UV‐visible absorption spectroscopy and valence band X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. A systematic increase of Cu NC loading on the TiO2 showed an increase of current from a range of 10−7 A (in native TiO2) to 10−4 A (1 : 10 Cu NC‐TiO2 hybrid). Interestingly, the photocurrent response of TiO2 also dramatically improved from 8.9×10−3 mA to 4.1 mA in1 : 10 Cu NC−TiO2 hybrid. Systematic variation of their weight ratio vividly demonstrated that 10 % w/w TiO2−Cu NC hybrid was the most effective current generator, keeping the semiconducting and photovoltaic nature intact. The increase in photocurrent can be attributed to the long‐lived electron‐hole separation in the nanohybrid system.
Adsorption of Organic Dye onto Mesoporous Aluminosilica Monoliths: Equilibrium, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies
Authors: Al‐Hazmi Ghaferah H. , Refat Moamen S. , Shahat Ahmed 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn the present study, high order aluminosilica monolith (HOASM) composite with high alumina content (Si/Al=1.5) was fabricated through a reproducible, simple, and one‐pot synthesis strategy. Achieved was a realistic control over the cubic Ia3d geometry of aluminosilica monoliths using microemulsion phases of copolymer P123 as soft templates. The geometrical and textural pore structures of the HOASM composite were characterized with various tools of EDX, FESEM, HRTEM, XRD and N2isotherms. The quantity of aluminum species present in the walls of the silica pore structure has a substantial impact on the acidity of nanoadsorbent. The HOASM nanoadsorbent was used as a removal of Crystal violet (CV) from wastewater. A major contributing factor to the improvement of the coverage of the HOASM composite adsorbent surfaces were the multi‐directional pores (3D) and the mesostructural geometries of the aluminosilica adsorbent. The performance factors like temperature, adsorbent dose, concentration, pH, and contact period, were all examined to evaluate the CV dye adsorption. It was found that, at a pH of 8, the greatest CV dye adsorption on HOASM composite was achieved. The optimal concentration for CV adsorption was 1.5 mmol/g, and the adsorption isotherm matched the Langmuir model, though the adsorption kinetics were matched to a pseudo‐second‐order model. Thermodynamic experiments have shown that the CV dye adsorption on the HOASM composite is endothermic and spontaneous.
Long Shelf‐Life Efficient Electrolytes Based on Trace l‐Cysteine Additives toward Stable Zinc Metal Anodes
Authors: Huang Cong , Zhao Xin , Hao Yisu , Yang Yujie , Qian Yang , Chang Ge , Zhang Yan , Tang Qunli , Hu Aiping , Chen Xiaohua 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe unstable anode/electrolyte interface (AEI) triggers the corrosion reaction and dendrite formation during cycling, hindering the practical application of zinc metal batteries. Herein, for the first time, l‐cysteine (Cys) is employed to serve as an electrolyte additive for stabilizing the Zn/electrolyte interface. It is revealed that Cys additives tend to initially approach the Zn surface and then decompose into multiple effective components for suppressing parasitic reactions and Zn dendrites. As a consequence, Zn|Zn symmetric cells using trace Cys additives (0.83 mm) exhibit a steady cycle life of 1600 h, outperforming that of prior studies. Additionally, an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.6% for 250 cycles is also obtained under critical test conditions (10 mA cm−2/5 mAh cm−2). Cys additives also enable Zn–V2O5 and Zn–MnO2 full cells with an enhanced cycle stability at a low N/P ratio. More importantly, Cys/ZnSO4 electrolytes are demonstrated to be still effective after resting for half year, favoring the practical production.
No longer invisible
Authors: Thomas Cornell 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn a real teaching and learning community of learners, the belief exists that all can and will learn, that the teacher has the ability to connect new information with the knowledge base of each student, and that students will become empowered to make their own connections. This premise is built on a foundation that sees each student as a unique human being with the ability to grow. They are not cloaked by some set of generalized characteristics. They are not invisible.
Heterogeneous alternative catalysts: A bibliometric and systematic evaluation of their application in solar photocatalytic processes
Authors: Cahino Arthur Marinho , Rocha Elisângela Maria Rodrigues , Vidal Iana Chaiene Araújo , Pereira Samara Teixeira , Quirino Amanda Gondim Cabral , Nascimento Raqueline Caldas do 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe present study sought to objectively demonstrate how a researcher can, in a structured way, select relevant articles about alternative heterogeneous catalysts in photocatalytic processes. Therefore, the ProKnow‐C (Knowledge Development Process – Constructivist) method was used to systematize the results found, with the application bibliometric and systematic analysis techniques for the evaluation of the results. The search string adopted as criteria was: solar photocatalysis AND heterogeneous catalysts OR alternative catalysts AND effluents. The databases were Web of Science, Science Direct and Scopus. The final bibliographic portfolio obtained for the research theme was made up of 19 articles. It was possible to verify advances in the number of publications on the theme over the evaluated period, with the Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry standing out in the final portfolio. Evaluating each article in the portfolio individually, it was possible to verify that most studies use combinations of catalysts already reported to create an alternative material to those already investigated in the literature. Those that use waste as catalysts chose to source this material from treatment plants and the steel industry. Around 58% of the papers used hydrogen peroxide in their processes, while 42% chose not to use it. Finally, approximately 63% of the papers in the portfolio used synthetic effluent in their processes, while the rest (37% of the research) chose to use real effluent. The results obtained in this research by applying the method can contribute to studies related to heterogeneous photocatalysis by alternative means over the years.
Association of placental and umbilical cord characteristics with cerebral palsy: national cohort study
Authors: Ebbing C. , Rasmussen S. , Kessler J. , Moster D. 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTObjectivesCerebral palsy (CP) is a group of movement disorders usually diagnosed in childhood. A substantial proportion are thought to be caused by antenatal events. Abnormalities of the umbilical cord and placenta are associated with an increased risk of adverse neonatal outcomes, but it is unclear whether these conditions also carry an increased risk of CP. We aimed to determine whether abnormalities of the umbilical cord or placenta are associated with CP and assess if these associations differ by sex of the child or gestational age at birth.MethodsWe performed a national cohort study by linking data from The Medical Birth Registry of Norway with other national registries. All liveborn singletons born between 1999 and 2017 (n = 1 087 486) were included and followed up until the end of 2019. Diagnoses of CP were provided by the Norwegian National Insurance Scheme and the Norwegian Patient Register. We used generalized estimating equations and multilevel log binomial regression to calculate relative risks (RR), adjusted for year of birth, and stratified analyses were carried out based on sex and gestational age at birth. Exposures were abnormal umbilical cord (velamentous or marginal insertion, single umbilical artery (SUA), knots and entanglement), and placental abnormalities (retained placenta, placental abruption and previa).ResultsA total of 2443 cases with CP (59.8% males) were identified. Velamentous cord insertion (adjusted RR (aRR), 2.11 (95% CI, 1.65–2.60)), cord knots (aRR, 1.53 (95% CI, 1.15–2.04)) and placental abnormalities (placenta previa (aRR, 3.03 (95% CI, 2.00–4.61)), placental abruption (aRR, 10.63 (95% CI, 8.57–13.18)) and retained placenta (aRR, 1.71 (95% CI, 1.32–2.22))) carried an increased risk of CP. Velamentous cord insertion was associated with CP regardless of gestational age or sex. A retained placenta was associated with a 2‐fold increased risk for CP in males, while the associations of SUA and cord knot with CP were significant only among females.ConclusionsThe detection of placental and umbilical cord abnormalities may help identify children at increased risk of CP. The associations between placental or umbilical cord abnormalities and the risk of CP do not vary substantially with gestational age at birth or sex of the child. © 2023 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
A previously unknown Argonaute 2 variant positively modulates the viability of melanoma cells
Authors: Linck-Paulus Lisa , Meißgeier Tina , Pieger Katharina , Horn Anselm H. C. , Matthies Alexander , Fischer Stefan , Meister Gunter , Sticht Heinrich , Kappelmann-Fenzl Melanie , Bosserhoff Anja K. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn malignant melanoma, a highly aggressive form of skin cancer, many microRNAs are aberrantly expressed contributing to tumorigenesis and progression. Further, deregulation of microRNA processing enzymes, like the miRNA-binding protein Argonaute 2, significantly impacts microRNA function. This study characterizes a novel splice variant of Argonaut 2, AGO2-ex1/3. AGO2-ex1/3 is substantially expressed in different melanoma cell lines and patient-derived tissue samples. It is a mature mRNA, which is translated into an N-terminally truncated Argonaute 2 protein form. Molecular dynamics simulations show that the PAZ, MID, and PIWI domain largely retain their structure in AGO2-ex1/3 and that the truncation of the N-terminus leads to an increased interdomain flexibility. Expression of AGO2-ex1/3 provides a survival advantage for melanoma cells while the knockdown causes significantly reduced proliferation and increases apoptosis. RNA-sequencing revealed that in cells lacking AGO2-ex1/3 expression many miRNA target genes are deregulated, implicating a considerable role of AGO2-ex1/3 for miRNA function. This study inaugurates insights into an important role of a so far unknown splice variant of Argonaute 2 for the miRNA pathway as well as the mechanisms which drive growth and survival of melanoma cells. This knowledge provides the basis for potential new promising therapeutic targets focusing on small RNA-mediated gene regulation in melanoma.
Between Protest and Counter-Expertise: User Knowledge, Activism, and the Making of Urban Cycling Networks in the Netherlands Since the 1970s
Authors: Dekker Henk-Jan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAround 1970, high numbers of traffic casualties among cyclists led to the creation of numerous local protest movements in the Netherlands. While activists employed protest strategies, their main interest lie in the way they exemplify a highly successful instance of “lay expertise”; the idea that users of a technology have a fundamentally different and valuable perspective on a technology than experts or system-builders. Specifically, cyclists claimed to be more knowledgeable about cycling conditions and safety than the state-employed engineers and traffic experts who built the roads and cycling path network. A key actor in this story is the Dutch Cyclists’ Union (Fietsersbond), a national platform of local action groups formed in 1975. These activists used the cycling experience of everyday utilitarian cyclists to compile maps and blacklists of locations where cycling was dangerous, unpleasant, uncomfortable, or otherwise discouraging. In doing so, they successfully claimed legitimacy as a valuable knowledge partner for local engineers and policymakers. As a result, they gained some level of influence within local governments, a relation which in the intervening years has only grown stronger. This case study shows how users can shape socio-technical systems bottom-up, and can therefore to an extent be seen as a successful example of co-construction of technology.
Tabu-DART: a dynamic update strategy for efficient discrete algebraic reconstruction
Authors: Frenkel Daniel , Six Nathanaël , De Beenhouwer Jan , Sijbers Jan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn X-ray computed tomography, discrete tomography (DT) algorithms have been successful at reconstructing objects composed of only a few distinct materials. Many DT-based methods rely on a divide-and-conquer procedure to reconstruct the volume in parts, which improves their run-time and reconstruction quality. However, this procedure is based on static rules, which introduces redundant computation and diminishes the efficiency. In this work, we introduce an update strategy framework that allows for dynamic rules and increases control for divide-and-conquer methods for DT. We illustrate this framework by introducing Tabu-DART, which combines our proposed framework with the Discrete Algebraic Reconstruction Technique (DART). Through simulated and real data reconstruction experiments, we show that our approach yields similar or improved reconstruction quality compared to DART, with substantially lower computational complexity.