bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arthroscopic rod technique compared to stress ultrasound in the dynamic evaluation of lateral ligament instabilities of the elbow
Authors: Plath Johannes , Otto Alexander , Förch Stefan , Siebenlist Sebastian , Grosser Bianca , Mayr Edgar , Imhoff Andreas B. , Lenich Andreas 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction
The purpose was to compare the arthroscopic rod technique to stress ultrasound in the dynamic assessment of lateral elbow instabilities.

Materials and methods
Fifteen elbows of eight specimen with a mean age of 66.4 ± 13.3 years were assessed in a prone position following a defined dissection setup. After evaluation of the native status, an arthroscopic dissection of the radial collateral ligament (RCL) or lateral ulnar collateral ligament (LUCL), and finally of entire capsuloligamentous structures was performed. Three raters examined each state (native, RCL or LUCL lesion, complete lesion) with the arthroscopic rod technique in 90° flexion and with stress ultrasound in 30 and 90° flexion. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated to assess the interrater reliability as well as test–retest reliability for each testing modality (arthroscopy and ultrasound).

Results
The arthroscopic rod technique showed a superior interrater and test–retest reliability of 0.953 and 0.959 (P < 0.001), respectively, when compared to stress ultrasound with an ICC of 0.4 and 0.611 (P < 0.001). A joint space opening during arthroscopy of > 6 mm humero-ulnar or > 7 mm humero-radial was indicative for a lateral collateral ligament lesion. However, a differentiation between an isolated RCL or LUCL tear was not possible. A lateral joint opening of ≥ 9 mm was only observed in complete tears of the lateral capsuloligamentous complex.

Conclusions
The arthroscopic rod technique showed a superior interrater and test–retest reliability when compared to stress ultrasound. Arthroscopic assessment for radial elbow instability was found to be reliable and reproducible. A joint gapping ≥ 9 mm in the arthroscopic evaluation is a sign for a complete insufficiency of the radial capsuloligamentous complex. However, it is not possible to precisely distinguish between a lesion of the RCL or LUCL by arthroscopy.
On the basis of our results, dynamic ultrasound testing may be inappropriate to objectify lateral elbow instability.
Isotopic evidence for sources of dissolved carbon and the role of organic matter respiration in the Fraser River basin, Canada
Authors: Voss Britta M. , Eglinton Timothy I. , Peucker-Ehrenbrink Bernhard , Galy Valier , Lang Susan Q. , McIntyre Cameron , Spencer Robert G. M. , Bulygina Ekaterina , Wang Zhaohui Aleck , Guay Katherine A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSources of dissolved and particulate carbon to the Fraser River system vary significantly in space and time. Tributaries in the northern interior of the basin consistently deliver higher concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to the main stem than other tributaries. Based on samples collected near the Fraser River mouth throughout 2013, the radiocarbon age of DOC exported from the Fraser River does not change significantly across seasons despite a spike in DOC concentration during the freshet, suggesting modulation of heterogeneous upstream chemical and isotopic signals during transit through the river basin. Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentrations are highest in the Rocky Mountain headwater region where carbonate weathering is evident, but also in tributaries with high DOC concentrations, suggesting that DOC respiration may be responsible for a significant portion of DIC in this basin. Using an isotope and major ion mass balance approach to constrain the contributions of carbonate and silicate weathering and DOC respiration, we estimate that up to 33 ± 11% of DIC is derived from DOC respiration in some parts of the Fraser River basin. Overall, these results indicate close coupling between the cycling of DOC and DIC, and that carbon is actively processed and transformed during transport through the river network.
Prediction of breast cancer-related lymphedema by dermal backflow detected with near-infrared fluorescence lymphatic imaging
Authors: Aldrich Melissa B. , Rasmussen John C. , DeSnyder Sarah M. , Woodward Wendy A. , Chan Wenyaw , Sevick-Muraca Eva M. , Mittendorf Elizabeth A. , Smith Benjamin D. , Stauder Michael C. , Strom Eric A. , Perkins George H. , Hoffman Karen E. , Mitchell Melissa P. , Barcenas Carlos H. , Isales Lynn E. , Shaitelman Simona F. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Mild breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) is clinically diagnosed as a 5%–10% increase in arm volume, typically measured no earlier than 3–6 months after locoregional treatment. Early BCRL treatment is associated with better outcomes, yet amid increasing evidence that lymphedema exists in a latent form, treatment is typically delayed until arm swelling is obvious. In this study, we investigated whether near-infrared fluorescence lymphatic imaging (NIRF-LI) surveillance could characterize early onset of peripheral lymphatic dysfunction as a predictor of BCRL.

Methods
In a prospective, longitudinal cohort/observational study (NCT02949726), subjects with locally advanced breast cancer who received axillary lymph node dissection and regional nodal radiotherapy (RT) were followed serially, between 2016 and 2021, before surgery, 4–8 weeks after surgery, and 6, 12, and 18 months after RT. Arm volume was measured by perometry, and lymphatic (dys) function was assessed by NIRF-LI.

Results
By 18 months after RT, 30 of 42 study subjects (71%) developed mild–moderate BCRL (i.e., ≥ 5% arm swelling relative to baseline), all manifested by “dermal backflow” of lymph into lymphatic capillaries or interstitial spaces. Dermal backflow had an 83% positive predictive value and 86% negative predictive value for BCRL, with a sensitivity of 97%, specificity of 50%, accuracy of 83%, positive likelihood ratio of 1.93, negative likelihood ratio of 0.07, and odds ratio of 29.00. Dermal backflow appeared on average 8.3 months, but up to 23 months, before the onset of mild BCRL.

Conclusion
BCRL can be predicted by dermal backflow, which often appears months before arm swelling, enabling early treatment before the onset of edema and irreversible tissue changes.
Unravelling the effect of climate change on fire danger and fire behaviour in the Transboundary Biosphere Reserve of Meseta Ibérica (Portugal-Spain)
Authors: Aparício Bruno A. , Santos João A. , Freitas Teresa R. , Sá Ana C. L. , Pereira José M. C. , Fernandes Paulo M. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The impacts of wildfires are increasing in the Mediterranean Basin due to more extreme fire seasons featuring increasingly fast and high-intensity fires, which often overwhelm the response capacity of fire suppression forces. Fire behaviour is expected to become even more severe due to climate change. In this study, we quantified the effect of climate change on fire danger (components of the Canadian FWI System) and wildfire behaviour characteristics (rate of spread and fireline intensity) for the four major Mediterranean forest ecosystems located in the Transboundary Biosphere Reserve of Meseta Ibérica under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios. The effect of climate change on wildfire behaviour was supplemented by taking into account net primary production (NPP), hence fuel load. Our results show that the meteorological fire season will start earlier and end later, leading to a significant increase in the number of days with weather conditions that promote high-intensity wildfires, for both climate scenarios. Fuel type shapes how wildfire spread characteristics will unfold. The most relevant changes are projected to occur in pine forests, where a wildfire with median fireline intensity will offer serious resistance to control from spring to autumn. The severity of fire behaviour in shrublands also increases substantially when considering climate change, with high-intensity wildfires potentially occurring in any time of the year. Both deciduous and evergreen broadleaf forests are predicted to typically generate wildfires with low enough intensity to remain within suppression capability. By adjusting fuel load to future climate conditions, our results highlight that fireline intensity in deciduous and evergreen broadleaf forests may not increase during summer, and can even be significantly reduced in shrublands. This study suggests that improved fire planning and management of wildfire-prone landscapes will counteract the effect of climate change on fire behaviour and impacts.
Everettian Mechanics with Hyperfinitely Many Worlds
Authors: Barrett Jeffrey , Goldbring Isaac 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe present paper shows how one might model Everettian quantum mechanics using hyperfinitely many worlds. A hyperfinite model allows one to consider idealized measurements of observables with continuous-valued spectra where different outcomes are associated with possibly infinitesimal probabilities. One can also prove hyperfinite formulations of Everett’s limiting relative-frequency and randomness properties, theorems he considered central to his formulation of quantum mechanics. Finally, this model provides an intuitive framework in which to consider no-collapse formulations of quantum mechanics more generally.
Should I stay, should I go, or something in between? The potential for parasite-mediated and age-related differential migration strategies
Authors: Wille Michelle , Klaassen Marcel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSeasonal long-distance migratory behaviour of trillions of animals may in part have evolved to reduce parasite infection risk, and the fitness costs that may come with these infections. This may apply to a diversity of vertebrate migration strategies that can sometimes be observed within species and may often be age-dependent. Herein we review some common age-related variations in migration strategy, discussing why in some animal species juveniles preferentially forego or otherwise rearrange their migrations as compared to adults, potentially as an either immediate (proximate) or anticipatory (ultimate) response to infection risk and disease. We notably focus on the phenomenon of “oversummering”, where juveniles abstain from migration to the breeding grounds. This strategy is particularly prevalent amongst migratory shorebirds and has thus far received little attention as a strategy to reduce parasite infection rate, while comparative intra-specific research approaches have strong potential to elucidate the drivers of differential behavioural strategies.
Skill-biased acquisitions? Human capital and employee mobility in small technology firms
Authors: Xiao Jing , Dahlstrand Åsa Lindholm 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between acquisitions and mobility of knowledge workers and managers in small technology companies and how individual skills and capabilities moderate this relationship. Relying on the matched employer–employee data of the Swedish high-tech sectors from 2007 to 2015, we find that acquisitions increase the likelihood of employee departures, mainly in the form of switching to another employer, but that these acquisition effects are weaker for employees with technological competences. By contrast, the acquisition effects are found to be weaker for employees with managerial competences only when acquirers have a strong employee retention motive. When acquirers do not have a strong retention motive, managers, compared to other employees, are more likely to exit the (national) labor market after acquisitions. Our results suggest that the retention motive is a critical condition to explain post-acquisition employee turnover. Both technological and managerial competences are the types of human capital valued by acquirers when they have a strong retention motive.
Growth performance and scale insect infestation of Shorea leprosula in a common garden experimental plot
Authors: Ng Chin Hong , Ng Kevin Kit Siong , Lee Soon Leong , Suwa Rempei , Lee Chai Ting , Tnah Lee Hong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMany tree planting programmes have long been initiated to increase forest cover to mitigate the effects of global climate change. Successful planting requires careful planning at the project level, including using suitable species with favourable traits. However, there is a paucity of improvement data for tropical tree species. An experimental common garden of Shorea leprosula was established to study traits related to growth performance which are key factors in planting success. Seedlings of S. leprosula were collected from nine geographical forest reserves. To study the effects of genetic variation, seedlings were planted in a common environment following a randomized complete block design. From performance data collected 2017‒2019, one population showed the highest coefficient for relative height growth, significantly higher than most of the other populations. Interestingly, this population from Beserah also exhibited the lowest coefficient for scale insect infestation. This study provides preliminary results on growth performance and susceptibility to scale insect infestation in S. leprosula and the first common garden experiment site conducted on dipterocarp species. It lays a foundation for future genome-wide studies.
Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of Stroke in Transgender Adults
Authors: Diaz Michael , Rosendale Nicole 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose of Review
To identify the current state of science on stroke in transgender adults and highlight gaps in need of further research. We will review current research on cerebrovascular risk and disease, hormone therapy, and stroke in transgender individuals. Finally, we will provide a framework for healthcare providers to prevent and reduce disparities through inclusive care practices.

Recent Findings
Transgender people experience unique stroke risk factors, secondary to both psychosocial stress and health-related behaviors. These include higher rates of HIV, tobacco use, stimulant use, and hepatitis C. The use of gender-affirming hormone therapy may lead to an increased risk for ischemic stroke, but the data are limited and require further research.

Summary
Recent research has highlighted the numerous healthcare disparities faced by transgender individuals. Regarding stroke disparities, these are multifactorial and include contributions from health-related behaviors, inadequate access to care, the use of hormonal therapy, and minority stress. Further research is needed to increase access to care and reduce the substantial gap in outcomes for these individuals.
A direct comparison of the optically stimulated luminescent properties of BeO and Al2O3 for clinical in-vivo dosimetry
Authors: Broadhead Benjamin , Noble Christopher , Ramachandran Prabhakar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOptically stimulated luminescence dosimetry is a relatively recent field of in-vivo dosimetry in clinical radiotherapy, developing over the last 20 years. As a pilot study, this paper presents a direct comparison between the sensitivity variance with use, stability of measurement and linearity of the current clinical standard Al2O3:C and a potential alternative, beryllium oxide. A set of ten optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters (OSLD), including five of each type, were used simultaneously and irradiated on a Versa HD linear accelerator. Having similar sensitivity, while Al2O3:C showed a relatively stable signal response from initial use, BeO was found to have a higher response to the same dose. However, BeO displayed a strong exponential decline from initial signal response following a model of $$Respons{e}_{BeO}=(0.55\pm 0.05){e}^{-\left(0.40\pm 0.05\right)x}+(0.54\pm 0.01)$$

R
e
s
p
o
n
s

e

BeO

=

(
0.55
±
0.05
)

e

-

0.40
±
0.05

x

+

(
0.54
±
0.01
)

, reaching stability after approximately 10 irradiation cycles. BeO was shown to have potentially higher accuracy than Al2O3:C, with less variation between individual doses. Both OSLD showed good linearity between 0.2–5.0 Gy. Between these bounds, Al2O3:C demonstrated a strong linear response following the trend $$Dose_{Al_{2}O_{3}, group(adj)}=(1.00\pm 0.09)x-(0.02\pm 0.04)\,{\text{Gy}}$$

D
o
s

e

A

l
2

O
3

,
g
r
o
u
p

(
a
d
j
)

=

(
1.00
±
0.09
)

x
-

(
0.02
±
0.04
)

Gy

, however beyond this showed deviation from linearity, resulting in a measured dose of $$12.0\pm 0.2$$

12.0
±
0.2

Gy at 10.0 Gy dose delivery. BeO showed strong linearity across the full examined range of 0.2–10.0 Gy with following a model of $$Dos{e}_{BeO, ind}=(0.98\pm 0.01)x+(0.04\pm 0.01)$$

D
o
s

e

B
e
O
,
i
n
d

=

(
0.98
±
0.01
)

x
+

(
0.04
±
0.01
)

Gy with a recorded dose at 10.0 Gy delivery as $$9.9\pm 0.1$$

9.9
±
0.1

Gy. In conclusion, BeO does show large variance in sensitivity between individual OSLD and a considerable initial variance and decline in dose–response, however after pre-conditioning and individual normalisation to offset OSLD specific sensitivity BeO provides not only a viable alternative to Al2O3:C, but potentially provide higher accuracy, precision and reproducibility for in-vivo dosimetry.
Nonlocal fractional system involving the fractional p, q-Laplacians and singular potentials
Authors: Biroud Kheireddine 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we will focus on following nonlocal quasilinear elliptic system with singular nonlinearities: $$\begin{aligned} (S) \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} (-\Delta )_{p}^{s_1} u =\dfrac{1}{v^{\alpha _1}}+v^{\beta _1}&{} \text { in }\Omega , \\ (-\Delta )_{q}^{s_2} u =\dfrac{1}{u^{\alpha _2}}+u^{\beta _2}&{} \text { in }\Omega , \\ u,v=0 &{} \text { in } ({I\!\!R}^N\setminus \Omega ) , \\ u,v>0 &{} \text { in } \Omega , \end{array} \right. \end{aligned}$$

(
S
)

(
-
Δ
)

p

s
1

u
=

1

v

α
1

+

v

β
1

in

Ω
,

(
-
Δ
)

q

s
2

u
=

1

u

α
2

+

u

β
2

in

Ω
,

u
,
v
=
0

in

(

I

R

N

\
Ω
)
,

u
,
v
>
0

in

Ω
,

where $$\Omega \subset {I\!\!R}^N$$

Ω
⊂

I

R

N

be a smooth bounded domain, $$s_1,\,s_2\in (0,1)$$

s
1

,

s
2

∈

(
0
,
1
)

, $$\alpha _1$$

α
1

, $$\alpha _2$$

α
2

, $$\beta _1$$

β
1

, $$\beta _2$$

β
2

are suitable positive constants, $$(-\Delta )_{p}^{s_1}$$

(
-
Δ
)

p

s
1

and $$(-\Delta )_{q}^{s_2}$$

(
-
Δ
)

q

s
2

are the fractional $$p-\text {Laplacian}$$

p
-
Laplacian

and $$q-\text {Laplacian}$$

q
-
Laplacian

operators. Using approximating arguments, Rabinowitz bifurcation Theorem, and fractional Hardy inequality, we are able to show the existence of positive solution to the above system.
Submaximal Fitness Tests in Team Sports: A Theoretical Framework for Evaluating Physiological State
Authors: Shushan Tzlil , McLaren Shaun J. , Buchheit Martin , Scott Tannath J. , Barrett Steve , Lovell Ric 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTeam-sports staff often administer non-exhaustive exercise assessments with a view to evaluating physiological state, to inform decision making on athlete management (e.g., future training or recovery). Submaximal fitness tests have become prominent in team-sports settings for observing responses to a standardized physical stimulus, likely because of their time-efficient nature, relative ease of administration, and physiological rationale. It is evident, however, that many variations of submaximal fitness test characteristics, response measures, and monitoring purposes exist. The aim of this scoping review is to provide a theoretical framework of submaximal fitness tests and a detailed summary of their use as proxy indicators of training effects in team sports. Using a review of the literature stemming from a systematic search strategy, we identified five distinct submaximal fitness test protocols characterized in their combinations of exercise regimen (continuous or intermittent) and the progression of exercise intensity (fixed, incremental, or variable). Heart rate-derived indices were the most studied outcome measures in submaximal fitness tests and included exercise (exercise heart rate) and recovery (heart rate recovery and vagal-related heart rate variability) responses. Despite the disparity between studies, these measures appear more relevant to detect positive chronic endurance-oriented training effects, whereas their role in detecting negative transient effects associated with variations in autonomic nervous system function is not yet clear. Subjective outcome measures such as ratings of perceived exertion were less common in team sports, but their potential utility when collected alongside objective measures (e.g., exercise heart rate) has been advocated. Mechanical outcome measures either included global positioning system-derived locomotor outputs such as distance covered, primarily during standardized training drills (e.g., small-sided games) to monitor exercise performance, or responses derived from inertial measurement units to make inferences about lower limb neuromuscular function. Whilst there is an emerging interest regarding the utility of these mechanical measures, their measurement properties and underpinning mechanisms are yet to be fully established. Here, we provide a deeper synthesis of the available literature, culminating with evidence-based practical recommendations and directions for future research.
Archaeology, Metal Detecting, and Citizen Science in the Czech Republic
Authors: Komoróczy Balázs 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAlthough the legal conditions are perceived as restrictive, metal detecting has become a popular activity in the Czech Republic. In 2017, a questionnaire survey revealed that a significant segment of this community is made up of passionate people interested in history and archaeology. The majority of professional archaeologists consider metal-detecting finds to be important and believe that cooperation with metal detectorists is necessary, beneficial, and acceptable. A collaborative project called “Joint Forces in Order to Discover the Common Archaeological Heritage of the South Moravian Region” aims to create conditions for citizen science among the metal detectorists in the region. By using tools such as expert workshops for the employees of professional institutions, meetings, educational workshops and field activities with interested members of the public, and production and distribution of printed and digital information materials, the partners in the program have long endeavored to improve the mutual understanding of all relevant actors of society and administration. The creation of circles of citizen collaborators is in progress in several archaeological institutions; nevertheless, this process is far from over. In 2020, with the creation of the Portal of Amateur Collaborators, this activity acquired a unified digital scheme for the registration of finds.