bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cloud-scale radio surveys of star formation and feedback in Triangulum Galaxy M 33: VLA observations
Authors: Tabatabaei F S , Cotton W , Schinnerer E , Beck R , Brunthaler A , Menten K M , Braine J , Corbelli E , Kramer C , Beckman J E , Knapen J H , Paladino R , Koch E , Camps Fariña A 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Studying the interplay between massive star formation and the interstellar medium (ISM) is paramount to understand the evolution of galaxies. Radio continuum (RC) emission serves as an extinction-free tracer of both massive star formation and the energetic components of the ISM. We present a multiband RC survey of the Local Group galaxy M 33 down to ≃30 pc linear resolution observed with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA). We calibrate the star formation rate surface density and investigate the impact of diffuse emission on this calibration using a structural decomposition. Separating the thermal and non-thermal emission components, the correlation between different phases of the ISM, and the impact of massive star formation are being investigated. Radio sources with sizes ≲200 pc constitute about 36 per cent (46 per cent) of the total RC emission at 1.5 GHz (6.3 GHz) in the inner 18 × 18 arcmin2 (or 4 kpc × 4 kpc) disc of M 33. The non-thermal spectral index becomes flatter with increasing star formation rate surface density, indicating the escape of cosmic ray electrons from their birth places. The magnetic field strength also increases with star formation rate following a bi-modal relation, indicating that the small-scale turbulent dynamo acts more efficiently at higher luminosities and star formation rates. Although the correlations are tighter in star-forming regions, the non-thermal emission is also correlated with the more quiescent molecular gas in the ISM. An almost linear molecular star formation law exists in M 33 when excluding diffuse structures. Massive star formation amplifies the magnetic field and increases the number of high-energy cosmic ray electrons, which can help the onset of winds and outflows.
Probing fragmentation with ALMA continuum and spectral line observations of the dense clumps in the ℓ = 224° region
Authors: Olmi Luca , Brand J , Elia D 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
We report observations, performed with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), of 1 mm dust continuum emission and molecular line emission in 13CO(2–1) and C18O(2–1), towards a sample of starless and protostellar clumps selected from a region, towards the ℓ = 224° field, of the Herschel Infrared GALactic Plane Survey (Hi-GAL). Using the ALMA images and a source extraction algorithm we have analysed the small-scale (∼1000 AU) structure of the clumps and their population of cores (or fragments). We find in general multiple cores in each Hi-GAL clump, both in the continuum and spectral lines, but we do not find a dominant fragmentation mode and the morphologies are very different among the various sources. Our results suggest that during the transition phase from clump to core, those sources with a higher core formation efficiency are also associated with parent clumps that are more likely to convert a higher fraction of their initial mass into a single or a few cores. We were able to obtain a core mass function, or CoMF, covering masses in the range ∼2 × 10−3 to ∼1 M⊙ for the C18O cores, and ∼4 × 10−2 to ∼10 M⊙ for the continuum cores. We find that the CoMF in our sample is much shallower than the higher mass ($\gtrsim 1$ M⊙) IMF, thus indicating that while approaching the final phase of fragmentation the mass function does not resemble the IMF more closely.
IFU observations of the inner 200 pc of NGC 4546: gas rotation, non-circular motions, and ionized outflows
Authors: Heckler Kelly F , Ricci Tiago V , Riffel Rogemar A 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
We present a detailed analysis of the ionized gas distribution and kinematics in the inner ∼ 200 pc of NGC 4546, host of a low-luminosity active galactic nucleus (LLAGN). Using GMOS−IFU observations, with a spectral coverage of 4736–6806 Å  and an angular resolution of 0.7 arcsec, we confirm that the nuclear emission is consistent with photoionization by an AGN, while the gas in the circumnuclear region may be ionized by hot low-mass evolved stars. The gas kinematics in the central region of NGC 4546 presents three components: (i) a disc with major axis oriented along a position angle of 43° ± 3°, counter rotating relative to the stellar disc; (ii) non-circular motions, evidenced by residual velocities of up to 60 km s−1, likely associated with a previous capture of a dwarf satellite by NGC 4546; and (iii) nuclear outflows in ionized gas, identified as a broad component (σ ∼ 320 km s−1) in the line profiles, with a mass outflow rate of $\dot{M}_{\rm out} = 0.3 \pm 0.1$ M⊙ yr−1 and a total mass of Mout = (9.2 ± 0.8) × 103 M⊙ in ionized gas, corresponding to less than 3 per cent of the total mass of ionized gas in the inner 200 pc of NGC 4546. The kinetic efficiency of the outflow is roughly 0.1 per cent, which is smaller than the outflow coupling efficiencies predicted by theoretical studies to AGN feedback become efficient in suppressing star formation in the host galaxy.
A numerical study of stellar discs in galactic nuclei
Authors: Panamarev Taras , Kocsis Bence 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
We explore the dynamics of stellar discs in the close vicinity of a supermassive black hole (SMBH) by means of direct N-body simulations. We show that an isolated nuclear stellar disc exhibits anisotropic mass segregation meaning that massive stars settle to lower orbital inclinations and more circular orbits than the light stars. However, in systems in which the stellar disc is embedded in a much more massive isotropic stellar cluster, anisotropic mass segregation tends to be suppressed. In both cases, an initially thin stellar disc becomes thicker, especially in the inner parts due to the fluctuating anisotropy in the spherical component. We find that vector resonant relaxation is quenched in the disc by nodal precession, but it is still the most efficient relaxation process around SMBHs of mass $10^6\, {\rm M}_{\odot }$ and above. Two-body relaxation may dominate for less massive SMBHs found in dwarf galaxies. Stellar discs embedded in massive isotropic stellar clusters ultimately tend to become isotropic on the local two-body relaxation time-scale. Our simulations show that the dynamics of young stars at the centre of the Milky Way is mostly driven by vector resonant relaxation leading to an anticorrelation between the scatter of orbital inclinations and distance from the SMBH. If the S-stars formed in a disc less than 10 Myr ago, they may coexist with a cusp of stellar mass black holes or an intermediate mass black hole with mass up to $1000\, {\rm M}_{\odot }$ to reproduce the observed scatter of angular momenta.
A new family of potential-density pairs for flattened systems with flat rotation curves
Authors: McNamarah Claude 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
We present a new family of field-density pairs that may be used to model highly flattened systems like spiral galaxies. The rotation curves are asymptotically flat and the density is positive within the domain of a disc that is highly constricted near the centre. We used a member of the family to show that it may reproduce the observed rotation curves of a sample of Sc galaxies. We also computed its surface density and found that it initially reproduced the observed exponential variation, but fell-off more slowly at large R. A subsequent member of the family yielded an exponential surface density. The effective potentials within both models were shown to have minima throughout the systems, thus admitting stable bounded orbits. To justify the existence of a disc with exponentially decreasing surface density and flat rotation curve, we proved that a deviation from Keplerian fall-off is intrinsic to cylindrically symmetric potentials.
Evidence for extended gaseous reservoirs around AGN at cosmic noon from ALMA CO(3−2) observations
Authors: Jones G C , Maiolino R , Circosta C , Scholtz J , Carniani S , Fudamoto Y 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Gaseous outflows are key phenomena in the evolution of galaxies, as they affect star formation (either positively or negatively), eject gas from the core or disc, and directly cause mixing of pristine and processed material. Active outflows may be detected through searches for broad spectral line emission or high-velocity gas, but it is also possible to determine the presence of past outflows by searching for extended reservoirs of chemically enriched molecular gas in the circumgalactic medium (CGM) around galaxies. In this work, we examine the CO(3−2) emission of a set of seven z ∼ 2.0–2.5 active galactic nuclei (AGN) host galaxies, as observed with ALMA. Through a 3D stacking analysis, we find evidence for extended CO emission of radius r ∼ 13 kpc. We extend this analysis to the HST/ACS i-band images of the sample galaxies, finding a complex small-scale (r &lt; 10 kpc) morphology but no robust evidence for extended emission. In addition, the dust emission (traced by rest-frame FIR emission) shows no evidence for significant spatial extension. This indicates that the diffuse CO emission revealed by ALMA is morphologically distinct from the stellar component, and thus traces an extended reservoir of enriched gas. The presence of a diffuse, enriched molecular reservoir around this sample of AGN host galaxies at cosmic noon hints at a history of AGN-driven outflows that likely had strong effects on the star formation history of these objects.
NACDDB: Nucleic Acid Circular Dichroism Database
Authors: Cappannini Andrea , Mosca Kevin , Mukherjee Sunandan , Moafinejad S Naeim , Sinden Richard R , Arluison Veronique , Bujnicki Janusz , Wien Frank 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The Nucleic Acid Circular Dichroism Database (NACDDB) is a public repository that archives and freely distributes circular dichroism (CD) and synchrotron radiation CD (SRCD) spectral data about nucleic acids, and the associated experimental metadata, structural models, and links to literature. NACDDB covers CD data for various nucleic acid molecules, including DNA, RNA, DNA/RNA hybrids, and various nucleic acid derivatives. The entries are linked to primary sequence and experimental structural data, as well as to the literature. Additionally, for all entries, 3D structure models are provided. All entries undergo expert validation and curation procedures to ensure completeness, consistency, and quality of the data included. The NACDDB is open for submission of the CD data for nucleic acids. NACDDB is available at: https://genesilico.pl/nacddb/.
Neurocognitive function and health-related quality of life in a nationwide cohort of long-term childhood brain tumor survivors
Authors: Helligsoe Anne Sophie L , Henriksen Louise T , Kenborg Line , Lassen-Ramshad Yasmin , Wu Lisa M , Winther Jeanette F , Hasle Henrik , Amidi Ali 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundChildhood brain tumor survivors are at high risk of late effects, especially neurocognitive impairment. Limited data are available examining neurocognitive function and associations with quality of life (QoL) in childhood brain tumor survivors. Our aim was to examine neurocognitive function in childhood brain tumor survivors, and associations with QoL and symptom burden.MethodsFive–year survivors of brain tumors over the age of 15 were identified in the Danish Childhood Cancer Registry (n = 423). Eligible and consenting participants completed neuropsychological tests and questionnaires assessing QoL, insomnia, fatigue, anxiety, and depression. Survivors treated with radiation (n = 59) were statistically compared with survivors not treated with radiation (n = 102).ResultsIn total, 170 survivors participated (40.2% participation rate). Sixty-six percent of the survivors who completed neurocognitive tests (n = 161) exhibited overall neurocognitive impairment. Survivors treated with radiation, especially whole-brain irradiation, exhibited poorer neurocognitive outcomes than survivors not treated with radiation. Neurocognitive outcomes for survivors treated with surgery were below normative expectations. Furthermore, a number of survivors experienced significant fatigue (40%), anxiety (23%), insomnia (13%), and/or depression (6%). Survivors treated with radiation reported lower quality of life (QoL) and higher symptom burden scores than survivors not treated with radiation; particularly in physical functioning, and social functioning with symptoms of fatigue. Neurocognitive impairment was not associated with QoL or symptom burden.ConclusionsIn this study, a majority of the childhood brain tumor survivors experienced neurocognitive impairment, reduced QoL, and high symptom burden. Although not associated with each other, it is apparent that childhood brain tumor survivors experience not only neurocognitive dysfunction but may also experience QoL impairments and significant symptom burden.
The auxin response factor TaARF15-A1 negatively regulates senescence in common wheat (Triticum aestivumL.)
Authors: Li Huifang , Liu Hong , Hao Chenyang , Li Tian , Liu Yunchuan , Wang Xiaolu , Yang Yuxin , Zheng Jun , Zhang Xueyong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAuxin plays an important role in regulating leaf senescence. Auxin response factors (ARFs) are crucial components of the auxin signaling pathway; however, their roles in leaf senescence in cereal crops are unknown. In this study, we identified TaARF15-A1 as a negative regulator of senescence in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by analyzing TaARF15-A1 overexpression (OE) and RNA interference lines and CRISPR/Cas9-based arf15 mutants. OE of TaARF15-A1 delayed senescence, whereas knockdown lines and knockout mutants showed accelerated leaf senescence and grain ripening. RNA-seq analysis revealed that TaARF15-A1 delays leaf senescence by negatively regulating senescence-promoting processes and positively modulating senescence-delaying genes including senescence-associated phytohormone biosynthesis and metabolism genes as well as transcription factors (TFs). We also demonstrated that TaARF15-A1 physically interacts with TaMYC2, a core jasmonic acid (JA) signaling TF that positively modulates wheat senescence. Furthermore, TaARF15-A1 suppressed the expression of TaNAM-1 (TaNAM-A1 and TaNAM-D1) via protein–protein interaction and competition with TaMYC2 for binding to its promoter to regulate senescence. Finally, we identified two haplotypes of TaARF15-A1 in global wheat collections. Association analysis revealed that TaARF15-A1-HapI has undergone strong selection during wheat breeding in China, likely owing to its earlier maturity. Thus, we identify TaARF15-A1 as a negative regulator of senescence in common wheat and present another perspective on the crosstalk between auxin and JA signaling pathways in regulating plant senescence.
Persistent Crises and Levered Asset Prices
Authors: Kuehn Lars-Alexander , Schreindorfer David , Schulz Florian 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper shows that standard disaster risk models are inconsistent with movements in stock market volatility and credit spreads during disasters. We resolve this shortcoming by incorporating persistent macroeconomic crises into a structural credit risk model. The model successfully captures the joint dynamics of aggregate consumption, financial leverage, and asset market risks, both unconditionally and during crises. Leverage strongly amplifies fundamental shocks by continuing to rise while crises endure. We structurally estimate the model and show that it replicates the firm-level implied volatility curve and its cross-sectional relation with observable proxies of default risk.
External validation of the alternative Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score in three randomized clinical trials of ixekizumab
Authors: Ortolan Augusta , Ramiro Sofia , Ramonda Roberta , van der Heijde Désirée 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The alternative ASDAS (altASDAS) is an index that can be used when patient global assessment is unavailable. Our aim was to test the truth and discrimination aspects according to OMERACT filter 2.0 of the altASDAS in an external cohort.

Methods
Cohorts from the COAST trials of ixekizumab (COAST-V, -W, -X; 16-week primary endpoint) enrolling radiographic/non-radiographic axial SpA patients were pooled. The ASDAS [original formula with patient global assessment (PGA)] and altASDAS were calculated. Truth was assessed by agreement with the continuous ASDAS [intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs)] and ASDAS disease activity (DA) states (weighted κ), Bland–Altman plots [mean difference (MD) and 95% limits of agreement (LoA)] and Pearson’s correlations between altASDAS/ASDAS and other constructs. Discrimination was tested by the ability of altASDAS to distinguish high/low DA according to nocturnal pain &gt;6/10 as an external anchor and agreement (κ) with ASDAS in major improvement (MI) and clinically important improvement (CII).

Results
A total of 958 patients were included. For truth, agreement with ASDAS was very good (ICC = 0.99, κ = 0.91), MD with ASDAS was 0.03 (95% LoA −0.31–0.24) and correlation coefficients of altASDAS with related constructs were within a prespecified 0.3-wide band around those between ASDAS and the same construct. For discrimination, the altASDAS discriminated between DA states and agreed with ASDAS response (κ MI = 0.91, CII = 0.93).

Conclusions
The altASDAS was truthful and discriminative in an external cohort and as such has been fully validated to be used in cases when PGA is unavailable.
NLRP3 activation in microglia contributes to learning and memory impairment induced by chronic lead exposure in mice
Authors: Zhu Jiawei , Zhou Fan , Zhou Qin , Xu Yongjie , Li Yunting , Huang Dingbang , Chen Lixuan , Liu Anfei , Zou Fei , Meng Xiaojing 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Lead (Pb)-induced microglial activation and neuroinflammation has been considered as one of the main pathological events of Pb neurotoxicity. The NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway is a major contributor to the neuroinflammatory process in the central nervous system. However, the relationship between chronic Pb exposure and neurogenic NLRP3 inflammasome is unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize the role of NLRP3 inflammasome activation during the chronic Pb exposure using in vitro and in vivo models. Our results showed that chronic Pb exposure induce learning and memory impairment in mice, mainly related to the activation of microglia and NLRP3 inflammasome. This phenomenon was reversed in mice by treating with the NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 and using NLRP3−/− mice. In addition, Pb caused the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, the production of mitochondrial ROS (mtROS), and mitochondrial Ca2+ overload in BV2 cells. Amelioration of mtROS abolished Pb-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Moreover, after regulation of Ca2+ redistribution, mtROS and NLRP3 inflammasome activation was restored. In conclusion, NLRP3 inflammasome activation in microglia plays a vital role in Pb neurotoxicity, by a novel mechanism of enhancing mtROS production and Ca2+ redistribution.
Orthopedic management of a patient with pigmented villonodular synovitis
Authors: Smith Shawn C. , Snyder Garrett M. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS), sometimes also called tenosynovial giant cell tumor, is a rare, slow-growing, benign soft-tissue disorder. PVNS most commonly affects the knee and is associated with painful hemarthrosis and joint swelling. The condition also can affect the hip, ankle, shoulder, or elbow. This article reviews practice guidelines for PVNS, diagnosis, and surgical and nonsurgical treatments.
Changes in the Utilization of Lumbosacral Epidural Injections Between 2010 and 2019
Authors: Ratnasamy Philip P. , Gouzoulis Michael J. , Kammien Alexander J. , Holder Eric K. , Grauer Jonathan N. 
Published: October 2022

Study Design.
Descriptive epidemiologic study.

Objective.
To analyze trends and patient characteristics for lumbosacral transforaminal and interlaminar/caudal epidural injection utilization over time.

Background.
Lumbosacral transforaminal and interlaminar/caudal epidural injections are considered for varying lumbar pathologies. Reported studies, physician practices, insurance authorization, and other factors may influence utilization patterns over time.

Methods.
Patients undergoing lumbosacral transforaminal and interlaminar/caudal epidural injections between 2010-2019 were identified in the M91Ortho PearlDiver database based on CPT coding. Patient age, sex, Elixhauser Comorbidity Index (ECI), insurance plan (commercial, Medicaid, Medicare), and region of the country where the procedure was performed (Midwest, Northeast, South, West) were assessed and tracked over the years studied based on prevalence per 100,000 covered lives.

Results.
Lumbosacral transforaminal and interlaminar/caudal epidural injections were identified for 426,039 and 501,228 patients, respectively. The number of injections performed per year decreased over the years studied: for transforaminal injections from 160.81 to 76.36 per 100,000 patients and for interlaminar/caudal injections from 200.53 to 77.56 per 100,000 patients. The decrease in overall injections was greatest for those with Commercial and Medicare coverage (53.40% and 66.50%, respectively), with a smaller drop amongst those with Medicaid coverage (32.39%).
Over the years, the average patient undergoing injection was older and there was a relative shift toward transforaminal injections (P<0.05 for both). In terms of specialty of those performing the injections, they were most performed by Anesthesiology specialists (who performed less transforaminal than interlaminar/caudal injections).

Conclusion.
Lumbosacral transforaminal and interlaminar/caudal spinal epidural injections were shown to decrease by 52.37% per 100,000 patients from 2010-2019. Changing demographics of those undergoing such injections and practice patterns are important to consider in the picture of overall spine service utilization. Variations in injection utilization trends by patient insurance raise questions regarding disparities in care.