bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacovigilance practices in South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation countries: the need for collaboration
Authors: Khan Muhammad Akhtar Abbas , Hamid Saima , Babar Zaheer-Ud-Din 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objectives
One-fifth of the world’s population lives in eight countries that constitute the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC). There is very little coordination among SAARC countries regarding the harmonization of pharmaceutical regulations and medicines safety. Pakistan, India and Bangladesh have experienced medicine-related tragedies where many patients have died. This study aims to examine current pharmacovigilance activity in the SAARC region to improve pharmacovigilance practices and to make recommendations for building a platform for collaboration to improve the safety monitoring of medicines in the region.
The current review utilized secondary data. We reviewed the official websites of all SAARC countries’ national regulatory authorities for pharmacovigilance-related information. A data set with eleven pharmacovigilance indicators were gathered and synthesized.

Key findings
All eight SAARC member countries have pharmacovigilance systems with full membership in the WHO Program for International Drug Monitoring. Out of eleven pharmacovigilance indicators, India met ten; Pakistan, Bangladesh and Bhutan nine; Maldives and Afghanistan seven; Nepal and Sri Lanka five. The SAARC countries do not have a harmonized pharmacovigilance system or centralized database. Due to positioning in different WHO regions, it is proposed to create a consortium on medicine safety among SAARC countries like other regional organizations of the world to strengthen the pharmacovigilance systems and harmonize the pharmacovigilance practices among member countries.

Summary
To improve the quality of medicines and to strengthen regional medicine safety, the SAARC secretariat should consider forming a technical group of all member countries’ regulatory authorities.
Solitary abdominal wall hydatid cyst—a rare condition
Authors: Kofina Konstantinia , Papatheodorou Nikolaos , Konomi Michael , Giannopoulos Ioannis , Valkanos Anastasios , Karanikas Michael 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Hydatid disease is a parasitic infection by a tapeworm of the genus Echinococcus that usually presents in the liver and lungs. Presentation of the disease as a solitary abdominal wall lesion, however, is a rare entity and only nine cases have been reported in the literature thus far. We present the case of a 53-year-old Caucasian female presenting with a mass located in the left flank that was proven to be a solitary hydatid cyst intraoperatively.
Efficient planet formation by pebble accretion in ALMA rings
Authors: Jiang (蒋昊昌) Haochang , Ormel Chris W 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
In the past decade, ALMA observations have revealed that a large fraction of protoplanetary discs contains rings in the dust continuum. These rings are the locations where pebbles accumulate, which is beneficial for planetesimal formation and subsequent planet assembly. We investigate the viability of planet formation inside ALMA rings in which pebbles are trapped by either a Gaussian-shaped pressure bump or by the strong dust backreaction. Planetesimals form at the mid-plane of the ring via streaming instability. By conducting N-body simulations, we study the growth of these planetesimals by collisional mergers and pebble accretion. Thanks to the high concentration of pebbles in the ring, the growth of planetesimals by pebble accretion becomes efficient as soon as they are born. We find that type-I planet migration plays a decisive role in the evolution of rings and planets. For discs where planets can migrate inward from the ring, a steady state is reached where the ring spawns ∼20 M⊕ planetary cores as long as rings are fed with materials from the outer disc. The ring acts as a long-lived planet factory and it can explain the ‘fine-tuned’ optical depths of the observed dust rings in the DSHARP large program. In contrast, in the absence of a planet removal mechanism (migration), a single massive planet will form and destroy the ring. A wide and massive planetesimals belt will be left at the location of the planet-forming ring. Planet formation in rings may explain the mature planetary systems observed inside debris discs.
Witnessing the star formation quenching in L* ellipticals
Authors: Dhiwar Suraj , Saha Kanak , Dekel Avishai , Paswan Abhishek , Pandey Divya , Cortesi Arianna , Pandge Mahadev 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
We study the evolution of L* elliptical galaxies in the colour–magnitude diagram in terms of their star formation history and environment, in an attempt to learn about their quenching process. We have visually extracted 1109 L* galaxies from a sample of 36 500 galaxies that were spectroscopically selected from Stripe82 of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). From this sample, we have selected 51 ellipticals based on their surface-brightness profile being well-fitted by a single S$\acute{e}$rsic profile with S$\acute{e}$rsic indices 3 &lt; n &lt; 6. Our sample consists of 12 blue-cloud L* ellipticals (BLEs), 11 green-valley L* ellipticals (GLEs), and 28 red-sequence L* ellipticals (RLEs). We find that most of the RLEs and GLEs have been quenched only recently, or are still forming stars, based on their [O iii] and H α emission, while the BLEs are forming stars vigorously. The star formation in BLEs is found to be extended over the galaxy and not confined to their central region. In about 40 per cent of the L* ellipticals (10 BLEs, 4 GLEs, and 5 RLEs), star formation quenching seems to have started only recently, based on the lower [O iii] emission compared to the [O ii] and H α emission, at a given metallicity. We also find that the galaxy colour is correlated with the cosmic-web environment, with the BLEs tending to reside in lower density regions, the RLEs preferring denser, clustered regions, and the GLEs found in either. One possible scenario is that as the star-forming ellipticals migrate into the clusters, their star formation is suffocated by the hot intracluster medium.
Characterizing the high-mass star forming region IRAS 18144–1723 through methanol maser observations
Authors: Khafagy Esraa , Edris K A , Shalabiea O M , Bartkiewicz A , Richards A M S , Awad Z 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
We introduce a study of the massive star forming region IRAS 18144–1723 using observations of the 6.7 GHz methanol maser line. Such regions are opaque at short wavelengths but can be observed through radio emission lines. In this study, we traced the kinematics of the source on milliarcsecond scales using the Multi-Element-Radio-Interferometer-Network (MERLIN). We found 52 maser spots in the LSR velocity range 45–52 km s−1, near the centre of the previously detected CO range of 21.3–71.3 km s−1, lying within ∼ 0${_{.}^{\prime\prime}}$5 of IRAS 18144–1723 ‘B’, thought to be a young Class I protostar. Their distribution can be approximated as an ellipse, which, if it were rotating, would have its axis oriented south-east to north-west. The most probable morphology of the emitting regions is interaction between a disc and an outflow, possibly with a very large opening angle. The arcmin-scale CO outflow centred on source ‘B’ is oriented East–West, and the methanol masers do show the highest dispersion of velocity gradients in approximately this direction, so the kinematics are complex and suggest that more than one source may be responsible. We also tested kinematic models for a Keplerian disc or a simple bipolar outflow, but neither are compatible with the kinematics of the maser clumps and the characteristics of their internal velocities.
Radiographic study of the distal ulna in rheumatoid arthritis with extensor digitorum communis ruptures
Authors: Sato Kotaro , Otake Shinpei , Takahashi Gaku , Murakami Kenya , Mimata Yoshikuni , Doita Minoru 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT

Objectives
Extensor digitorum communis (EDC) rupture of the wrist often occurs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Early operation is desirable for patients with a high risk of rupture; therefore, rheumatologists should diagnose it during daily examinations. This study aimed to clarify radiographic changes in the distal ulna and related factors associated with EDC rupture in patients with RA.

Methods
We analysed plain radiographs of 40 patients with RA associated with EDC rupture and 62 healthy controls. We investigated the deformation of the distal ulna, Larsen grades, and radiological parameters such as ulnar variance (UV), ulnar bowing angle, dorsal protrusion (DP), and dorsal bowing angle.

Results
The ratios of the ulna head deformation, Larsen grades, UV, DP, and dorsal bowing angle were significantly larger in the ruptured group than in the control group. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that DP and Larsen grades were significantly associated with EDC rupture.

Conclusions
Deformity of the distal ulna is evident in patients with an EDC rupture. Ulnar head deformation, high Larsen grades, and large DP are the potential risk factors for EDC rupture.
Perspectives on current and emerging therapies for immunoglobulin G4–related disease
Authors: Tanaka Yoshiya , Stone John H 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTUnderstanding of the pathophysiology of immunoglobulin G4–related disease (IgG4-RD) over the last dozen years has opened the door to a variety of targeted treatment approaches. Glucocorticoids are an effective treatment for IgG4-RD if used at a sufficiently high dose, but disease flares are common during or after glucocorticoid tapers and these medications seldom lead to long-term, treatment-free remissions. Moreover, their long-term use in a disease that frequently affects middle-aged to elderly individuals and often causes major pancreatic damage leads to a narrow therapeutic index. Biological therapies offer the possibility of effective disease control with fewer treatment-associated side effects. Promising avenues of investigation include B-cell depletion, immunomodulation of B-cell subsets, interference with co-stimulation, Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibition, and Signaling lymphocytic activation molecule F7-directed treatment.
The B. subtilis Rok protein is an atypical H-NS-like protein irresponsive to physico-chemical cues
Authors: Erkelens Amanda M , Qin Liang , van Erp Bert , Miguel-Arribas Andrés , Abia David , Keek Helena G J , Markus Dorijn , Cajili Marc K M , Schwab Samuel , Meijer Wilfried J J , Dame Remus T 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Nucleoid-associated proteins (NAPs) play a central role in chromosome organization and environment-responsive transcription regulation. The Bacillus subtilis-encoded NAP Rok binds preferentially AT-rich regions of the genome, which often contain genes of foreign origin that are silenced by Rok binding. Additionally, Rok plays a role in chromosome architecture by binding in genomic clusters and promoting chromosomal loop formation. Based on this, Rok was proposed to be a functional homolog of E. coli H-NS. However, it is largely unclear how Rok binds DNA, how it represses transcription and whether Rok mediates environment-responsive gene regulation. Here, we investigated Rok's DNA binding properties and the effects of physico-chemical conditions thereon. We demonstrate that Rok is a DNA bridging protein similar to prototypical H-NS-like proteins. However, unlike these proteins, the DNA bridging ability of Rok is not affected by changes in physico-chemical conditions. The DNA binding properties of the Rok interaction partner sRok are affected by salt concentration. This suggests that in a minority of Bacillus strains Rok activity can be modulated by sRok, and thus respond indirectly to environmental stimuli. Despite several functional similarities, the absence of a direct response to physico-chemical changes establishes Rok as disparate member of the H-NS family.
Post–Intensive Care Syndrome Among Survivors in a Safety Net Hospital in South Bronx: A Comparison of Patients With and Without Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Heraud Sebastian Ocrospoma , Shah Virali , Perez-Gutierez Victor , Al-Khateeb Mohannad , Fraga Sebastian Gandarillas , Afzal Afsheen , Rubin Mayer , Edding Sherida , Nino Jessica , Horoub Ali , Paracha Nushra , Gujral Manmeet , Cemalovic Nail , Menon Vidya 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Comparison of post–intensive care syndrome between critically ill survivors with or without coronavirus disease 2019 (CovP and CovN, respectively) showed that fewer CovP were able to return to work full time at &gt;1 year and none at &lt;1 year after discharge and that the majority of CovP survivors were able to work part time during both evaluation periods compared to CovN.
Hip osteoarthritis: A novel network analysis of subchondral trabecular bone structures
Authors: Dorraki Mohsen , Muratovic Dzenita , Fouladzadeh Anahita , Verjans Johan W , Allison Andrew , Findlay David M , Abbott Derek 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHip osteoarthritis (HOA) is a degenerative joint disease that leads to the progressive destruction of subchondral bone and cartilage at the hip joint. Development of effective treatments for HOA remains an open problem, primarily due to the lack of knowledge of its pathogenesis and a typically late-stage diagnosis. We describe a novel network analysis methodology for microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) images of human trabecular bone. We explored differences between the trabecular bone microstructure of femoral heads with and without HOA. Large-scale automated extraction of the network formed by trabecular bone revealed significant network properties not previously reported for bone. Profound differences were discovered, particularly in the proximal third of the femoral head, where HOA networks demonstrated elevated numbers of edges, vertices, and graph components. When further differentiating healthy joint and HOA networks, the latter showed fewer small-world network properties, due to decreased clustering coefficient and increased characteristic path length. Furthermore, we found that HOA networks had reduced length of edges, indicating the formation of compressed trabecular structures. In order to assess our network approach, we developed a deep learning model for classifying HOA and control cases, and we fed it with two separate inputs: (i) micro-CT images of the trabecular bone, and (ii) the network extracted from them. The model with plain micro-CT images achieves 74.6% overall accuracy while the trained model with extracted networks attains 96.5% accuracy. We anticipate our findings to be a starting point for a novel description of bone microstructure in HOA, by considering the phenomenon from a graph theory viewpoint.
Will Metaverse become a more exciting place to listen to music streaming for mental health?
Authors: Situmorang Dominikus David Biondi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this article, the author provides several points of view regarding some of the advantages of the existence of Metaverse on music streaming, especially as a healing medicine for mental health. It is hoped that it can provide another viewpoint from the five key themes, or a series of criticisms that have been discussed in the previous article.
Facility-level program components leading to population impact: a coincidence analysis of obesity treatment options within the Veterans Health Administration
Authors: Damschroder Laura J , Miech Edward J , Freitag Michelle B , Evans Richard , Burns Jennifer A , Raffa Susan D , Goldstein Michael G , Annis Ann , Spohr Stephanie A , Wiitala Wyndy L 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Obesity is a well-established risk factor for increased morbidity and mortality. Comprehensive lifestyle interventions, pharmacotherapy, and bariatric surgery are three effective treatment approaches for obesity. The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) offers all three domains but in different configurations across medical facilities. Study aim was to explore the relationship between configurations of three types of obesity treatments, context, and population impact across VHA using coincidence analysis. This was a cross-sectional analysis of survey data describing weight management treatment components linked with administrative data to compute population impact for each facility. Coincidence analysis was used to identify combinations of treatment components that led to higher population impact. Facilities with higher impact were in the top two quintiles for (1) reach to eligible patients and (2) weight outcomes. Sixty-nine facilities were included in the analyses. The final model explained 88% (29/33) of the higher-impact facilities with 91% consistency (29/32) and was comprised of five distinct pathways. Each of the five pathways depended on facility complexity-level plus factors from one or more of the three domains of weight management: comprehensive lifestyle interventions, pharmacotherapy, and/or bariatric surgery. Three pathways include components from multiple treatment domains. Combinations of conditions formed “recipes” that lead to higher population impact. Our coincidence analyses highlighted both the importance of local context and how combinations of specific conditions consistently and uniquely distinguished higher impact facilities from lower impact facilities for weight management.
Rapid Movement of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ on ‘Hamlin’ Sweet Orange and ‘Swingle’ Citrumelo Trunks
Authors: Pulici Jeane Dayse V. S. , Gerberich Kayla M. , Johnson Evan G. 
Published: November 2022

Huanglongbing (HLB), caused by phloem-limited ‘ Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ (CLas), is the primary limiting factor of production in most citrus regions of the world. After infection, CLas is transported systemically throughout the phloem tissues following the source-sink movement. Split-root rhizoboxes and one-sided graft inoculation above the split trunk was used to understand if the vertical distance of the inoculum source and different anatomical structures (grafted or seedling trees) can affect the speed of the CLas movement, as well as the effects of the seasonality on these movements. The time for CLas to reach the roots was not affected by either distance of the inoculum source or tree type. The seasonal infection period appears to have an important effect on CLas movement. Trees inoculated in the summer had fast and uniform movement (first detection at 4 weeks after inoculation). Plants inoculated in the winter had a slow and uneven movement (first CLas detection at 14 weeks after inoculation). Our results indicate that summer and spring are the seasons of CLas down and lateral movement, but this is independent of the vertical distance of the inoculum source or anatomical structures of the plants. The findings from this study aid in the management of HLB in the field, as well as improve the methods for CLas detection. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license .
Quality of Life in Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Dias Ângela , Ferreira Gabriela , Vilaça Margarida , Pereira M. Graça 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
To analyze the associations among and contributions of sociodemographic, clinical, and psychological variables to quality of life (QoL) related to diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs; DFUQoL).

METHODS
The sample comprised 70 patients with DFUs who answered the following questionnaires: the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Illness Perception Questionnaire-Brief, Diabetic Foot Ulcer-Short Form, Medical Term Recognition test, and a sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire. Pearson and biserial correlation coefficients, hierarchical regressions, and moderation analyses were conducted to study the relationships among variables.

RESULTS
The results showed that a large DFU, threatening representations about DFU, and more psychological distress were associated with lower DFUQoL. Also, more psychological distress, more threatening DFU representations, and taking antibiotics contributed to worse DFUQoL. Clinically significant levels of psychological distress moderated the relationship between the DFU extent and negative emotions.

CONCLUSIONS
This study showed that QoL and its domains were associated with psychological distress and that QoL was more influenced by DFU representations than by a larger-sized wound, emphasizing the importance of psychological interventions in the treatment of patients with DFUs.
Life-Long Steroid Responsive Familial Myopathy With Docking Protein 7 Mutation
Authors: Oh Shin J. , King Peter H. , Schindler Alice 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Docking protein 7 (DOK7) congenital myasthenic syndrome (CMS) is characterized by limb-girdle weakness and lack of fluctuating fatigability simulating many familial myopathies. Albuterol is the first line of therapy in view of consistent improvement. Two brothers with progressive predominant biceps weakness for 1–3 years responded to prednisone treatment for 40–50 years. Various studies including muscle biopsy and many laboratory studies were unsuccessful for the definite diagnosis. Gene study, 40 years after the initial evaluation, confirmed the diagnosis of DOK7 CMS. These are the first reported cases of DOK7 CMS associated with a sustained benefit from corticosteroids.
Biochemical and Chemical Myopathy as Isolated Initial Manifestation of a Mitochondrial Disorder in a Competitive Swimmer
Authors: Finsterer Josef 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Isolated and asymptomatic elevation of creatine kinase (hyper-CKemia) can be one of the initial manifestations of a mitochondrial disorder (MID). We present an asymptomatic patient with accidently detected isolated hyper-CKemia and respiratory chain dysfunction as indicators of a chemical and biochemical MID, respectively. A 23-year-old man who performed competitive sport (swimming) underwent workup for accidentally detected asymptomatic and isolated hyper-CKemia. Clinical neurologic examination was normal, but blood tests revealed elevation of creatine kinase (CK), aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and aldolase. Lactate stress testing on a bicycle ergometer was normal. Needle electromyography was noninformative, but muscle biopsy was indicative of a MID, and biochemical investigations revealed a combined complex-II, -III, and -IV defect. Hyper-CKemia persisted asymptomatically over the next 15 years, and he continued with his sports activities. In conclusion, asymptomatic hyper-CKemia together with multiple respiratory chain complex deficiencies can be the only manifestations of a MID over years. Asymptomatic chemical or biochemical MIDs may profit from continuous physical activity. Workup for isolated persisting hyper-CKemia may reveal subclinical mitochondrial pathology in single cases.