bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sharp stability of a string with local degenerate Kelvin–Voigt damping
Authors: Han Zhong‐Jie , Liu Zhuangyi , Zhang Qiong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper is on the asymptotic behavior of the elastic string equation with localized degenerate Kelvin–Voigt damping

where on , and on for . It is known that the optimal decay rate of solution is in the limit case and exponential for . When , the damping coefficient is continuous, but its derivative has a singularity at the interface . In this case, the best known decay rate is , which fails to match the optimal one at . In this paper, we obtain a sharper polynomial decay rate . More significantly, it is consistent with the optimal polynomial decay rate at and uniform boundedness of the resolvent operator on the imaginary axis at (consequently, the exponential decay rate at as ). This is a big step toward the goal of obtaining eventually the optimal decay rate.
Indigenous and Customary Land Tenure Security: History, Trends, and Challenges in the Latin American Context
Authors: Sauls Laura Aileen , Galeana Fernando , Lawry Steven 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis chapter explores Indigenous and customary tenure regimes, considering the differing historical trends in the statutory recognition of customary tenure arrangements. Indigenous and customary land tenure regimes are dynamic, responding to changes in local-to-global socio-ecological conditions and political and market influences, as well as context-specific and based on historic socio-environmental relations. Despite trends toward legal recognition, a disconnect remains between titling or recognition and thesecurityof these regimes. After defining Indigenous and customary land tenure regimes, we discuss their evolution from colonial encounters through the post-colonial era, on to trends in customary tenure recognition today. Finally, drawing primarily on evidence from Latin America, we explore how tenureinsecurity of Indigenous and customary lands remains a significant challenge to realizing sustainable development across diverse landscapes.
The Anthropocene Contract. What Kind of Historian–Reader Agreement Does Environmental Historiography Need?
Authors: Muchowski Jakub 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe paper is an attempt to reply to the question on how environmental history can participate in public debates on contemporary world concerns in a reliable and socially relevant way. I argue that the answer to this question lies in environmental history's reading pact, which I call the Anthropocene contract. Its most important element is the principle of equality, which concerns the relationship between historians and their readers. In the first step, I invoke Graeme Wynn's statement to point to important questions about the challenges that the Anthropocene posed to environmental history. Next I critically discuss the answers to these questions provided by historical theory. I then formulate a proposal for a reading pact of environmental history using the theoretical insights of Kalle Pihlainen and the philosophy of Jacques Rancière.
History and Utopian Thinking in the Era of the Anthropocene
Authors: Brzeziński Dariusz 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe text analyzes the different ways in which historical narratives can contribute to changing human sensitivity and social practices in relation to climate threats. The term “utopian thinking” is problematized here as a combination of relativization of the existing reality with the desire to develop alternatives to it. Three types of historical discourses devoted to the Anthropocene will be analyzed and juxtaposed in the paper: post-naturalism (represented by Dipesh Chakrabarty), eco-Marxism (analyzed on the example of Jason W. Moore's theory of the Capitalocene) and eco-catastrophism (illustrated in relation to the works of Naomi Oreskes and Eric Conway).
Potentials and Risks of Futurology: Lessons from Late Socialist Poland
Authors: Becht Lukas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn the decades after 1945, the future gained unprecedented prominence as an object of scientific anticipation and state planning in both capitalist and socialist countries of the Cold War world. In Poland, future studies or futurology emerged in the course of the 1960s in reaction to Western intellectual trends, the post-stalinist political Thaw, as well as the domestic socio-economic situation. The Polish futurology turned out to be one of the most productive, institutionally and personally stable research collectives when compared to other socialist countries. This research community generated various approaches to the problem of how to anticipate the unknown future. This chapter examines three of them: making the future an object of knowledge; subjecting it to conscious (political) control; imagining alternatives to the status quo. Re-examining these historical examples of anticipatory knowledge provides a mirror to discuss our current efforts at predicting and controlling the future.
Globalization as Adaptive Complexity: Learning from Failure
Authors: Centeno Miguel , Callahan Peter , Larcey Paul , Patterson Thayer 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOur modern global civilization has been facilitated by increasingly technologically-advanced, interconnected, and interdependent systems. These systems have been constructed at an ever-increasing scale and level of complexity without an awareness of the risky mechanisms inherent in their design. At first glance, one may find few similarities between our modern globalized present and ancient civilizations. When we see past civilizations as complex adaptive systems, however, we can begin to recognize patterns, structures, and dynamics that have remained consistent through the centuries. Mechanisms like tipping points, feedback loops, contagions, cascades, synchronous failures, and cycles that can be responsible for systemic collapse are fundamental characteristics of any complex adaptive system, and can therefore serve as an effective common denominator from which to examine collapses through the ages. We argue for an analytical framework that incorporates these systemic characteristics for the study of historical collapse with the belief that these common mechanisms will help illuminate and expose relevant vulnerabilities in historical systems. In the end, we hope to learn from past societies and civilizations and allow our modern systems to benefit from lessons of systemic failures that historians may share with us. We believe these insights could inform how we see our systemic vulnerabilities and help to build a more resilient future.
Lessons Learned in the Digital Earth Project
Authors: Greinert Jens , Henkel Daniela , Dransch Doris , Bouwer Laurens M. , Brix Holger , Dietrich Peter , Frickenhaus Stephan , Petzold Andreas , Rechid Diana , Ruhnke Roland , zu Castell Wolfgang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe Digital Earth project aimed for the integration of data science and Earth science. Here, we reflect on the main lessons learned that include the need for interdisciplinary collaboration, thinking out of the box, the concept of ‘thinking in workflows’ and models for the sustainable implementation of scientific software, data infrastructure and policies.
Gluon-mediated inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering from Regge to Bjorken kinematics
Authors: Boussarie Renaud , Mehtar-Tani Yacine 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We revisit high energy factorization for gluon mediated inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS) for which we propose a new semi-classical approach that accounts systematically for the longitudinal extent of the target in contrast with the shockwave limit. In this framework, based on a partial twist expansion, we derive a factorization formula that involves a new gauge invariant unintegrated gluon distribution which depends explicitly on the Feynman x variable. It is shown that both the Regge and Bjorken limits are recovered in this approach. We reproduce in particular the full one loop inclusive DIS cross-section in the leading twist approximation and the all-twist dipole factorization formula in the strict x = 0 limit. Although quantum evolution is not discussed explicitly in this work, we argue that the proper treatment of the x dependence of the gluon distribution encompasses the kinematic constraint that must be imposed on the phase-space of gluon fluctuations in the target to ensure stability of small-x evolution.
Non-commutative Ring Learning with Errors from Cyclic Algebras
Authors: Grover Charles , Mendelsohn Andrew , Ling Cong , Vehkalahti Roope 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe Learning with Errors (LWE) problem is the fundamental backbone of modern lattice-based cryptography, allowing one to establish cryptography on the hardness of well-studied computational problems. However, schemes based on LWE are often impractical, so Ring LWE was introduced as a form of ‘structured’ LWE, trading off a hard to quantify loss of security for an increase in efficiency by working over a well-chosen ring. Another popular variant, Module LWE, generalizes this exchange by implementing a module structure over a ring. In this work, we introduce a novel variant of LWE over cyclic algebras (CLWE) to replicate the addition of the ring structure taking LWE to Ring LWE by adding cyclic structure to Module LWE. We show that the security reductions expected for an LWE problem hold, namely a reduction from certain structured lattice problems to the hardness of the decision variant of the CLWE problem (under the condition of constant rank d). As a contribution of theoretic interest, we view CLWE as the first variant of Ring LWE which supports non-commutative multiplication operations. This ring structure compares favorably with Module LWE, and naturally allows a larger message space for error correction coding.
Common EOFs: a tool for multi-model comparison and evaluation
Authors: Hannachi Abdel , Finke Kathrin , Trendafilov Nickolay 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWith the increase in the volume of climate model simulations for past, present and future climate, from various institutions across the globe, there is a need for efficient and robust methods for model comparison and/or evaluation. This manuscript discusses common empirical orthogonal function analysis with a step-wise algorithm, which can be used for the above objective. The method looks for simultaneous diagonalisation of several covariance matrices in a step-wise fashion ensuring thus simultaneous monotonic decrease of the eigenvalues in all groups, and allowing therefore for dimension reduction. The method is applied to a number of tropospheric and stratospheric fields from the main four reanalysis products, and also to several historical climate model simulations from CMIP6, the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (Phase 6). Monthly means as well as winter daily gridded data are considered over the Northern Hemisphere. The method shows consistency between mass fields as well as mid-tropospheric and stratospheric fields of the reanalyses, but also reveals significant differences in the 2 m surface-air temperature in terms of explained variance. CMIP6 models, on the other hand, show differences reflected in the percentage of explained variance of the leading common EOFs with inter-group variation ranging from 5–10% in the troposphere to about 25% in the stratosphere. Higher order statistics within the leading common modes of variability, in addition to further merits of the method are also discussed.
Crossover patterning in plants
Authors: Lloyd Andrew 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Key message
Chromatin state, and dynamic loading of pro-crossover protein HEI10 at recombination intermediates shape meiotic chromosome patterning in plants.

Abstract
Meiosis is the basis of sexual reproduction, and its basic progression is conserved across eukaryote kingdoms. A key feature of meiosis is the formation of crossovers which result in the reciprocal exchange of segments of maternal and paternal chromosomes. This exchange generates chromosomes with new combinations of alleles, increasing the efficiency of both natural and artificial selection. Crossovers also form a physical link between homologous chromosomes at metaphase I which is critical for accurate chromosome segregation and fertility. The patterning of crossovers along the length of chromosomes is a highly regulated process, and our current understanding of its regulation forms the focus of this review. At the global scale, crossover patterning in plants is largely governed by the classically observed phenomena of crossover interference, crossover homeostasis and the obligatory crossover which regulate the total number of crossovers and their relative spacing. The molecular actors behind these phenomena have long remained obscure, but recent studies in plants implicate HEI10 and ZYP1 as key players in their coordination. In addition to these broad forces, a wealth of recent studies has highlighted how genomic and epigenomic features shape crossover formation at both chromosomal and local scales, revealing that crossovers are primarily located in open chromatin associated with gene promoters and terminators with low nucleosome occupancy.
Der aktuelle Umsetzungsstand von Wiederbelebungsunterricht in Schulen in Deutschland – Umfrageergebnisse einer Abfrage der Ministerien aller Bundesländer
Authors: Rücker Gernot , Wingen Sabine , Rott Nadine , Böttiger Bernd W. 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungIm April 2019 stellte der Bundesgerichtshof in einem Urteil (III ZR 35/18) klar, dass Lehrkräften die Pflicht zur Ersten Hilfe im Sportunterricht obliegt. Schon 2014 hatte der Schulausschuss der Kulturministerkonferenz den Bundesländern empfohlen, Wiederbelebungsunterricht in den Schulunterricht zu implementieren und dafür Lehrkräfte auszubilden. In einer Umfrage wurden jetzt die zuständigen Ministerien aller Bundesländer vom Deutschen Rat für Wiederbelebung (German Resuscitation Council, GRC), gebeten, ihren diesbezüglichen Projektstand mitzuteilen. Nur 2 der 16 Bundesländer (Baden-Württemberg und Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) meldeten hierbei eine weitgehende Flächendeckung. In 75 % der Fälle führen Lehrerinnen und Lehrer den Wiederbelebungsunterricht durch. Jeweils zur Hälfte wurden hierbei größere professionelle Wiederbelebungspuppen und einfache Wiederbelebungspuppen benutzt, die speziell für den Schulunterricht konzipiert wurden. Die Lehrkräfte wurden in der Ausbildung von Ärztinnen und Ärzten, Hilfsorganisationen und Rettungsdienstpersonal ausgebildet, das teilweise auch selbst Unterrichtseinheiten übernahm. Im Ergebnis befinden sich 6 Jahre nach der Publikation der Empfehlungen der Kultusministerkonferenz zum Wiederbelebungsunterricht an deutschen Schulen fast alle Bundesländer noch in der Aufbauphase. Es muss daher nachdrücklich auf eine zeitnahe Umsetzung der Empfehlung zur Implementierung von Wiederbelebungsunterricht bei Schulen und Kultusministerien hingewirkt werden, um so die Überlebensrate nach einem Herz-Kreislauf-Stillstand auch in Deutschland deutlich zu verbessern. Ziel ist es, dass alle Schulen bundesweit Wiederbelebungsunterricht durchführen und Lehrkräfte entsprechend qualifiziert werden.
Mitochondrial Transfusion Improves Mitochondrial Function Through Up-regulation of Mitochondrial Complex II Protein Subunit SDHB in the Hippocampus of Aged Mice
Authors: Adlimoghaddam A. , Benson T. , Albensi B. C. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe mitochondrial theory of aging is characterized by mitochondrial electron transport chain dysfunction. As a hallmark of aging, an increasing number of investigations have attempted to improve mitochondrial function in both aging and age-related disease. Emerging from these attempts, methods involving mitochondrial isolation, transfusion, and transplantation have taken center stage. In particular, mitochondrial transfusion refers to the administration of mitochondria from healthy tissue into the bloodstream or into tissues affected by injury, disease, or aging. In this study, methods of mitochondrial isolation and transfusion were developed and utilized. First, we found a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the expression of mitochondrial complex proteins (I-V) in aged (12 months old) mouse brain tissue (C57BL/6 mice) in comparison to healthy young brain tissue (1 month old). To investigate whether healthy young mitochondria taken from the liver could improve mitochondrial function in older animals, we intravenously injected mitochondria isolated from young C57BL/6 mice into aged mice from the same strain. This study, for the first time, demonstrates that mitochondrial transfusion significantly (p < 0.05) improves mitochondrial function via the up-regulation of the mitochondrial complex II protein subunit SDHB in the hippocampus of aged mice. This result has identified a role for mitochondrial complex II in the aging process. Therefore, mitochondrial complex II could serve as a putative target for therapeutic interventions against aging. However, more importantly, methods of mitochondrial transfusion should be further tested to treat a variety of human diseases or disorders and to slow down or reverse processes of aging.
Harmonising Incompatible Datasets to Enable GIS Use to Study Non-communicable Diseases in Tonga
Authors: Jione Siu I. Fanga , Norman Paul 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe investigated the use of geographic information systems (GIS) to study the prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in association with area deprivation within Tongatapu, the largest island in Tonga. This is a case study to determine what is possible to achieve since various data issues influenced by institutional and organizational barriers exist, affecting data integration and GIS use. A data conversion framework was developed using geographic conversion tables (GCTs) to process existing data into a compatible format and create new geographies to analyse the prevalence of NCDs and area deprivation across different levels of geography. Area deprivation was higher in the rural district and was associated with the prevalence of NCDs. However, at lower levels of geography, the distribution and patterns of NCDs, and area deprivation were unclear. This was influenced by the methods of data collection, recording and dissemination. There is a need for a national action plan outlining the standard operating procedures for all stakeholders to adhere to, and thereby produce and disseminate comprehensive, reliable, and high-quality data. Otherwise, data will be collected for basic reporting but impractical for sophisticated analysis and research. We suggest an investigation into dasymetric mapping to disaggregate population data and develop automating processes for large national datasets.
Das christliche Profil der Caritas und Diakonie aus Sicht ihrer Fachkräfte
Authors: Karić Senka 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Deutsche Caritasverband und die Diakonie Deutschland sind zwei tiefgreifend in der wohlfahrtsstaatlichen Infrastruktur verwurzelte, weltanschauliche Akteure, deren christliches Profil in jüngerer Zeit zunehmend hinterfragt wird. Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit ebenjenem Profil und nimmt dabei insbesondere die Perspektive der Fachkräfte in den Blick.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials of vitamin D supplementation in diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Xuan Sun , Jin Zhang , Zhe Wang , Huai-en Bu , Chun-ying Tian , Dong-jun Wang , Yuan-yuan Guan , Hong-wu Wang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective
The aim of this study is to explore the correlation between vitamin D and diabetic nephropathy.

Methods
Relevant evidences were searched from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Ovid and China Knowledge Resource Integrated (CNKI), Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform databases (WANFANG), and VIP dating from inception to December 2019 to obtain the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of vitamin D in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and evaluated the quality of included studies. Rev Man 5.3 software was used to conduct statistical analysis.

Results
A total of 10 studies involving 651 patients were identified. These studies were finally included into the meta-analysis. A meta-analysis results showed that vitamin D is the protection factor in diabetic nephropathy, the group treated with vitamin D did better than the traditional drug and the placebo group. After taking vitamin D, the level of vitamin D in the patient’s body increased significantly. Pooled results showed that there was a significant difference for vitamin D (MD = 38.24, 95%CI = 32.69–43.79, p < 0.001.) The patient had a significant decrease in urinary protein; the difference was statistically significant (MD = − 180.92, 95%CI = − 212.67 to − 149.16, p < 0.001). The blood creatinine content decreased obviously (MD = − 17.13, 95%CI = − 27.88 to − 6.37, p < 0.01). However, most of the included studies did not report the quality of life and adverse reactions of patients, making it impossible to analyze these measures.

Conclusion
This study showed that vitamin D played an active role in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy and can be used in future clinical applications. However, there are still some studies of low quality in the included studies, so it is suggested that clinical and scientific researchers carry out more high-quality, large sample, multi-center randomized controlled trials (RCTS) to provide more evidence-based medical evidence for future studies on vitamin D treatment of diabetic nephropathy.
Arbeitsplatzbezogene Gesundheitsbelastungen am Beispiel von Lastkraftwagenfahrer/innen im Fernverkehr
Authors: Holzgreve Fabian , Lenk Andreas , Troebs Paul A. , Oremek Gerhard , Wanke Eileen M. 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Beruf des Lastkraftwagenfahrers im Fernverkehr bringt verschiedene arbeitsplatzbezogene Anforderungen, Belastungen und Gesundheitsrisiken mit sich. So ist das Risiko für Rückenschmerzen durch die Kombination von langer sitzender Haltung und Ganzkörpervibrationen um ein Vielfaches erhöht. Neben physischen Faktoren bürgen auch psychische Faktoren, wie Stress und Schlafqualität, Gesundheitsrisiken für Lastkraftwagenfahrer/innen. Hier spielen beispielsweise zusätzliche äußere Lärm- und Umgebungseinflüsse beim Schlafen in der Schlafkabine im Lastkraftwagen eine wichtige Rolle. Des Weiteren ist der Anteil an Adipositas Leidenden unter Lastkraftwagenfahrer/innen deutlich höher als in der Normalbevölkerung. Lastkraftwagenfahrer/innen verbringen den Großteil des Tages allein und haben wenig Zeit für persönliche Belange. Hierzu zählen neben geregelten Schlafphasen und Arbeitspausen insbesondere die Zeit für Ernährung, sportliche Betätigung und nicht zuletzt Behörden- oder Arztbesuche.
On the simplicial volume and the Euler characteristic of (aspherical) manifolds
Authors: Löh Clara , Moraschini Marco , Raptis George 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA well-known question by Gromov asks whether the vanishing of the simplicial volume of oriented closed aspherical manifolds implies the vanishing of the Euler characteristic. We study various versions of Gromov’s question and collect strategies towards affirmative answers and strategies towards negative answers to this problem. Moreover, we put Gromov’s question into context with other open problems in low- and high-dimensional topology. A special emphasis is put on a comparative analysis of the additivity properties of the simplicial volume and the Euler characteristic for manifolds with boundary. We explain that the simplicial volume defines a symmetric monoidal functor (TQFT) on the amenable cobordism category, but not on the whole cobordism category. In addition, using known computations of simplicial volumes, we conclude that the fundamental group of the four-dimensional amenable cobordism category is not finitely generated. We also consider new variations of Gromov’s question. Specifically, we show that counterexamples exist among aspherical spaces that are only homology equivalent to oriented closed connected manifolds.