bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving distress perception and mutuality in migraine caregivers after 6 months of galcanezumab treatment
Authors: Fofi Luisa , Altamura Claudia , Fiorentini Giulia , Brunelli Nicoletta , Marcosano Marilena , Barbanti Piero , Vernieri Fabrizio 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis prospective cohort, real‐life study aimed to evaluate whether galcanezumab, a monoclonal antibody anti‐calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) ligand, can reduce caregivers' distress and improve their mutuality with patients.BackgroundMigraine is a highly disabling chronic disease that negatively impacts patients' and often their relatives' lives, occurring during an active phase of life with direct consequences on leisure‐ and work‐related activities. The figure of caregiver is crucial in several neurological conditions but poorly accounted for in migraine care so far. Studies on monoclonal antibodies against the CGRP pathway, recently introduced as migraine‐preventive treatments, demonstrated that they significantly reduce migraine frequency and disability in the first weeks of treatment.MethodsConsecutive patient‐caregiver dyads were evaluated at baseline and after 6 months of treatment with galcanezumab (V6) at our headache center from September 2020 to September 2021. Enrolled patients were requested to report their monthly migraine days, monthly intake of acute medications, attack pain intensity (on the Numeric Rating Scale), concomitant preventives, and disability questionnaires (Headache Impact Test, Migraine Disability Assessment). Each dyad filled in the Mutuality Scale to check their reciprocity; moreover, the Relatives' Stress Scale was used to detect caregivers' distress.ResultsWe enrolled 27 patient‐caregiver dyads. At 6 months, migraine burden significantly improved with reductions in monthly migraine days (falling from 14.8 [SD = 4.8] days by 10.3 [SD = 4.8] days; 95% CI: 8.4, 12.2; p < 0.001) and Migraine Disability Assessment scores (lowering from 83.6 [SD = 46.7] by 71.5 points [SD = 49.3]; 95% CI: 51.2, 91.9; p < 0.001). From baseline to month 6, the caregiver Relatives' Stress Scale score significantly decreased (falling from 20.7 [SD = 13.7] by 6.5 [SD = 14.1] points; 95% CI: 0.8, 12.2; p = 0.027), while the Mutuality Scale's caregiver total score increased (from 3.04 [SD = 0.61] by 0.29 [SD = 0.49] points; 95% CI: −0.508, −0.064; p = 0.014).ConclusionsOur findings preliminarily demonstrated that patients' migraine improvement after 6 months of galcanezumab treatment could be favorably perceived by caregivers, significantly reducing their distress with better reciprocity within the dyad.
Triacylglycerol characterisation of Moringa oleifera seed oil by LC‐Q‐TOF and ESI
Authors: Jayanti Latifun , Yuliyanti Dewi , Zhan Zhaoqi , Hou Peiling , Mulyono Karyanto E. , Wassell Paul 
Published: October 2022

SummaryCurrently, in the analysis of triacylglycerol (TAG) composition of the Moringa oleifera seed oil (MOSO), there are still approximately 13.9% of TAG still unknown. Reverse‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to a refractive index detector (RID) has previously been applied for the identification of TAG in MOSO. A new approach focuses on the properties of the fatty acid assay and the full characterisation of TAGs. Identification and determination of TAG compositions in MOSO were done by LC‐Q‐TOF (LCMS‐9030) with ESI interface and HCOONH4 (ammonium formate) additive in the mobile aqueous phase. Triolein (OOO) was 39.3% and is the dominant TAG in MOSO. This new method was able to fully characterise a total of 33 TAG compositions using accurate mass MS data and MS/MS spectra.
Multifunctional ultralight, recoverable, piezoresistive, and super thermal insulating SiC nanowire sponges
Authors: Chen Yu , Han Lei , Ola Oluwafunmilola , Liu Guangsheng , Wang Nannan , Saadi Zakaria , Neves Ana I. S. , Tabari Rana Sabouni , Thummavichai Kunyapat , Khalil Ahmed M. E. , Xia Yongde , Sun Shibin , Zhu Yanqiu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractUltralight three‐dimensional (3D) architectured silicon carbide (SiC) nanowire sponges with integrated properties of recoverable compressibility, outstanding high‐temperature thermal and chemical stability, and fire‐retardance have been actively pursued in recent years. However, efficient construction of SiC nanowire sponges with well‐controlled overall shapes and distribution of SiC nanowires remains challenging. Herein, by coupling the electrospinning technique and carbothermal reduction process, we have developed a new fabrication process for highly porous and free‐standing 3D SiC nanowire (SiCNW) sponges with closely attached nanowires through thermal treatment of stacked electrospun PAN/SiO2 nanofiber membranes. The resulting SiCNW sponges possess ultralow density (∼29 mg cm−3), excellent compressive recoverability from large compressive deformation (up to 40% strain), and fatigue resistance, which endow them with excellent piezoresistive sensing capability under a variety of complex conditions. Furthermore, the sponges display superb thermal insulation (thermal conductivity of 24 mW m−1K−1) and fire‐retardance. We believe that the present process provides technical clues for the development of other multifunctional ceramic sponges, and that further development of these ultralight multifunctional ceramic sponges offers potential for the design of advanced components for application in harsh engineering environments.
Effect of anthocyanin indicator addition on cellulose nanocrystals/gellan gum‐based intelligent packaging films
Authors: Yue Chongze , Huang Yinggang , Kong Boyang , Wang Guiying 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFood spoilage often causes a change in pH inside the package. As a type of intelligent packaging, pH freshness indication packaging, with its simplicity, sensitivity, and efficiency, can monitor food quality and inform consumers promptly. In this study, Clitoria ternatea anthocyanin (CT) was added to gellan gum (GG), glycerol and cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) matrix to prepare a pH‐sensitive indicator film. The addition of CT disrupted the network structure, forming a new hydrogen bond and a smooth and continuous cross‐section of the film, giving the film excellent mechanical properties. The addition of CNC locked the CT firmly into the indicator film while improving the film's water resistance. Anthocyanin improved the light‐blocking ability of the film and gave an excellent pH response to the indicator film. The pH response tests showed a significant color change in the film at pH in the range of 3–12 when anthocyanin was added at 20% and 30%, suggesting the potential application of the developed intelligent indicator film in monitoring food freshness.Novelty impact statement

Excellent mechanical properties (Tensile strength: 33.47 MPa; Elongation at break: 27.12%), even with the addition of anthocyanins.

High water contact angle (88.4°) provided excellent moisture resistance to the film.

Excellent pH responsiveness and new ideas for real‐time material monitoring of food packaging.
A or I‐A? Unifying the computational structures of process‐ and IO‐based LCA for clarity and consistency
Authors: Heijungs Reinout , Yang Yi , Park Hung‐Suck 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWhy are both and used in life cycle assessment (LCA) matrix computations? This is a question that, in our experience of teaching LCA, students often wonder about and struggle with. A brief survey of the literature suggests that the question can also confuse experienced LCA practitioners. Here, we seek to unify the computational structures of the two LCA approaches to achieve greater clarity and consistency, especially to make them easier to teach. We first show how small but crucial differences in the set‐up of the two approaches lead to the use of versus . Then, we discuss the options to unify the presentations in a coherent way. We do not prescribe one way or the other. A larger point we hope to stress is the importance of unification, which may have both pedagogical and methodological benefits.
Sustainability assessment of product systems in dire straits due to ISO 14040–14044 standards: Five key issues and solutions
Authors: Schaubroeck Thomas 
Published: October 2022

AbstractQuintessential for a more sustainable society is adequate sustainability assessment to guide us. In the case of environmental impact assessment of product systems, life cycle assessment (LCA) is the main method, with associated variants covering other sustainability pillars. At the core of LCA practice are the standards set up by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), namely ISO 14040–14044. However, I point out five key issues with these standards: (1) the presence of inconsistencies on crucial matters as pointed out in the literature; (2) a lack in major update since two decades; (3) mismanagement of notified issues; (4) lacking representativeness; and (5) a low or unclear relevance. I provide solutions for these but overall plea for a societal intervention to put this method back on track.
Assessment of Brassica oleraceae L. (Brassicaceae) extract loaded ethosomal gel as a versatile vesicular carrier system for dermocosmetic application: A noninvasive split‐faced study
Authors: Khan Palwasha , Akhtar Naveed , Khan Haji Muhammad Shoaib , Tasneem Rabia , Zaka Hafiz Saqib , Akhtar Naheed , Sharif Arfa 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundPlant extracts with rich ascorbic acid contents have greater antioxidant capability; extensively employed in skin beautifying products and protect skin from detrimental photodamaging environmental effects. Brassica oleraceae is having a substantial prospective toward cosmeceuticals owed by its profound activity against oxidation.AimTo develop an effective topical ethosomal gel loaded with Brassica oleraceae leaves extract with significant antioxidant activity.MethodologyValuation of antioxidant capability of plant leaves extract by 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and quantification of ascorbic acid was done through high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Ethosomes were prepared by cold method. Optimized suspension containing extract was incorporated in 2% Carbopol gel (test) along with extract solution (control). Noninvasive in vivo studies were performed for final product to assess its effects on skin by measuring melanin and erythema, sebum level, elasticity, moistness level, facial pores count and their area, skin wrinkling, and smoothness.ResultsBrassica oleraceae (red cabbage) leaves extract exhibited significant antioxidant potential (85.64 ± 1.28%) with 14.22 μg/g of ascorbic acid; expressed prominent cosmetic effects in terms of skin melanin, erythema, sebum, elasticity, hydration, facial pores, wrinkles, and smoothness when incorporated in ethosomes. ANOVA test also exhibited positive significant (p ≤ 0.05) effects on skin.ConclusionBrassica oleraceae extract is a strong antioxidant with remarkable dermocosmetic benefits for skin.
Effects of varying pandemic restrictions on the health‐related behaviours of Australian children
Authors: Robinson Lauren , Measey Mary‐Anne , Efron Daryl , Mundy Lisa , Hoq Monsurul , Rhodes Anthea 
Published: October 2022

AimTo explore the effects of COVID‐19 pandemic restrictions varying in severity and duration on health‐related behaviours in children aged 5–17 years.MethodsWe used data from the Royal Children's Hospital National Child Health Poll, an online cross‐sectional survey of Australian caregivers. The survey assessed 1222 caregivers' perceived changes in health‐related behaviours (physical activity, sleep, screen‐time, diet, outdoor activity, family and peer connectedness) of 2011 children aged 5–17 years in a typical week from June to September 2020 (when jurisdictions experienced varying restriction severity and duration) compared to retrospective reports of behaviour before March 2020 (pre‐pandemic). To compare the effects of varying restriction severity in Victoria, New South Wales (NSW) and other states and territories on health‐related behaviours binary logistic regression was used, adjusting for caregiver demographics and weighted to reflect Australia's parent population.ResultsCompared to pre‐pandemic, Victoria's restrictions had a greater impact on child health‐related behaviours compared to NSW restrictions and an even stronger impact compared to other states and territories which experienced few or no restrictions. A greater proportion of Victorian children reported more recreational screen time (71.3%) than NSW (53.9%) and other states and territories (34.5%) and less physical activity (57.2%) than NSW (30.3%) and other states and territories (26.5%). Victorian children reported less outdoor activity (62.6%) than NSW (32.0%) and other states and territories (25.2%), and less social connectedness (68.0%) than NSW (35.4%) and other states and territories (27.3%).ConclusionsMore severe and longer COVID‐19 pandemic restrictions are associated with greater impacts and predominantly more negative impacts to children's health‐related behaviours. These should be mitigated through policies and programs to encourage healthier life‐styles.
Physiological consequences of space flight, including abnormal bone metabolism, space radiation injury, and circadian clock dysregulation: Implications of melatonin use and regulation as a countermeasure
Authors: Hirayama Jun , Hattori Atsuhiko , Takahashi Akihisa , Furusawa Yukihiro , Tabuchi Yoshiaki , Shibata Masahiro , Nagamatsu Aiko , Yano Sachiko , Maruyama Yusuke , Matsubara Hajime , Sekiguchi Toshio , Suzuki Nobuo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractExposure to the space environment induces a number of pathophysiological outcomes in astronauts, including bone demineralization, sleep disorders, circadian clock dysregulation, cardiovascular and metabolic dysfunction, and reduced immune system function. A recent report describing experiments aboard the Space Shuttle mission, STS‐132, showed that the level of melatonin, a hormone that provides the biochemical signal of darkness, was decreased during microgravity in an in vitro culture model. Additionally, abnormal lighting conditions in outer space, such as low light intensity in orbital spacecraft and the altered 24‐h light–dark cycles, may result in the dysregulation of melatonin rhythms and the misalignment of the circadian clock from sleep and work schedules in astronauts. Studies on Earth have demonstrated that melatonin regulates various physiological functions including bone metabolism. These data suggest that the abnormal regulation of melatonin in outer space may contribute to pathophysiological conditions of astronauts. In addition, experiments with high‐linear energy transfer radiation, a ground‐based model of space radiation, showed that melatonin may serve as a protectant against space radiation. Gene expression profiling using an in vitro culture model exposed to space flight during the STS‐132 mission, showed that space radiation alters the expression of DNA repair and oxidative stress response genes, indicating that melatonin counteracts the expression of these genes responsive to space radiation to promote cell survival. These findings implicate the use of exogenous melatonin and the regulation of endogenous melatonin as countermeasures for the physiological consequences of space flight.
Apolipoprotein A‐1 protected hepatic ischaemia–reperfusion injury through suppressing macrophage pyroptosis via TLR4–NF‐κB pathway
Authors: Chen Rui‐Xiang , Jiang Wang‐Jie , Liu Shuo‐Chen , Wang Zi‐Yi , Wang Zhi‐Bo , Zhou Tao , Chen Yan‐An‐Lan , Wang Ji‐Fei , Chang Jiang , Wang Yi‐Rui , Zhang Yao‐Dong , Wang Xue‐Hao , Li Xiang‐Cheng , Li Chang‐Xian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsApolipoprotein A‐1 (ApoA‐1), the major apolipoprotein of high‐density lipoprotein, plays anti‐atherogenic role in cardiovascular diseases and exerts anti‐inflammation effect in various inflammatory and infectious diseases. However, the role and mechanism of ApoA‐1 in hepatic ischaemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury is unknown.MethodsIn this study, we measured ApoA‐1 expression in human liver grafts after transplantation. Mice partial hepatic I/R injury model was made in ApoA‐1 knockout mice, ApoA‐1 mimetic peptide D‐4F treatment mice and corresponding control mice to examine the effect of ApoA‐1 on liver damage, inflammation response and cell death. Primary hepatocytes and macrophages were isolated for in vitro study.ResultsThe results showed that ApoA‐1 expression was down‐regulated in human liver grafts after transplantation and mice livers subjected to hepatic I/R injury. ApoA‐1 deficiency aggravated liver damage and inflammation response induced by hepatic I/R injury. Interestingly, we found that ApoA‐1 deficiency increased pyroptosis instead of apoptosis during acute phase of hepatic I/R injury, which mainly occurred in macrophages rather than hepatocytes. The inhibition of pyroptosis compensated for the adverse impact of ApoA‐1 deficiency. Furthermore, the up‐regulated pyroptosis process was testified to be mediated by ApoA‐1 through TLR4–NF‐κB pathway and TLR4 inhibition significantly improved hepatic I/R injury. In addition, we confirmed that D‐4F ameliorated hepatic I/R injury.ConclusionsOur study has identified the protective role of ApoA‐1 in hepatic I/R injury through inhibiting pyroptosis in macrophages via TLR4–NF‐κB pathway. The effect of ApoA‐1 may provide a novel therapeutic approach for hepatic I/R injury.
Hypochloremia as a novel adverse prognostic factor in acute liver failure
Authors: Wang Jiexin , Liu Po‐Hong , Xu Pin , Sumarsono Andrew , Rule Jody A. , Hedayati S. Susan , Lee William M. ,   for the Acute Liver Failure Study Group
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsEmerging evidence has identified hypochloremia as an independent predictor for mortality in multiple conditions including cirrhosis. Acute liver failure (ALF) is frequently complicated by electrolyte abnormalities. We investigated the prognostic value of hypochloremia in a large cohort of ALF patients from North America.MethodsThe Acute Liver Failure Study Group (ALFSG) registry is a longitudinal cohort study involving 2588 ALF patients enrolled prospectively from 32 North American academic centres. The primary outcome was a composite of 21‐day all‐cause mortality or requirement for liver transplantation (death/LT).ResultsPatients with hypochloremia (<98 mEq/L) had a significantly higher 21‐day mortality rate (42.1%) compared with those with normal (27.5%) or high (>107 mEq/L) chloride (28.0%) (p < .001). There was lower transplant‐free cumulative survival in the hypochloremic group than in the normo‐ or hyper‐chloremic groups (log‐rank, χ2 24.2, p < .001). Serum chloride was inversely associated with the hazard of 21‐day death/LT with multivariable adjustment for known prognostic factors (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 0.977; 95% CI: 0.969–0.985; p < .001). Adding chloride to the ALFSG Prognostic Index more accurately predicted risk of death/LT in 19% of patients (net reclassification improvement [NRI] = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.13–0.25) but underestimated the probability of transplant‐free survival in 34% of patients (NRI = −0.34, 95% CI: −0.39 to −0.28).ConclusionsHypochloremia is a novel independent adverse prognostic factor in ALF. A new ALFSG‐Cl Prognostic Index may improve the sensitivity to identify patients at risk for death without LT.
SPINDLY interacts with EIN2 to facilitate ethylene signalling‐mediated fruit ripening in tomato
Authors: Xu Jin , Liu Sidi , Cai Licong , Wang Lingyu , Dong Yufei , Qi Zhenyu , Yu Jingquan , Zhou Yanhong 
Published: October 2022

SummaryThe post‐translational modification of proteins enables cells to respond promptly to dynamic stimuli by controlling protein functions. In higher plants, SPINDLY (SPY) and SECRET AGENT (SEC) are two prominent O‐glycosylation enzymes that have both unique and overlapping roles; however, the effects of their O‐glycosylation on fruit ripening and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here we report that SlSPY affects tomato fruit ripening. Using slspy mutants and two SlSPY‐OE lines, we provide biological evidence for the positive role of SlSPY in fruit ripening. We demonstrate that SlSPY regulates fruit ripening by changing the ethylene response in tomato. To further investigate the underlying mechanism, we identify a central regulator of ethylene signalling ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 2 (EIN2) as a SlSPY interacting protein. SlSPY promotes the stability and nuclear accumulation of SlEIN2. Mass spectrometry analysis further identified that SlEIN2 has two potential sites Ser771 and Thr821 of O‐glycans modifications. Further study shows that SlEIN2 is essential for SlSPY in regulating fruit ripening in tomatoes. Collectively, our findings reveal a novel regulatory function of SlSPY in fruit and provide novel insights into the role of the SlSPY‐SlEIN2 module in tomato fruit ripening.
Measuring Risk of Re-Identification in Microdata: State-of-the Art and New Directions
Authors: Shlomo Natalie , Skinner Chris 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe review the influential research carried out by Chris Skinner in the area of statistical disclosure control, and in particular quantifying the risk of re-identification in sample microdata from a random survey drawn from a finite population. We use the sample microdata to infer population parameters when the population is unknown, and estimate the risk of re-identification based on the notion of population uniqueness using probabilistic modelling. We also introduce a new approach to measure the risk of re-identification for a subpopulation in a register that is not representative of the general population, for example a register of cancer patients. In addition, we can use the additional information from the register to measure the risk of re-identification for the sample microdata. This new approach was developed by the two authors and is published here for the first time. We demonstrate this approach in an application study based on UK census data where we can compare the estimated risk measures to the known truth.
Stromatolite‐rimmed thrombolite columns and domes constructed by microstromatolites, calcimicrobes and sponges in late Cambrian biostromes, Texas, USA
Authors: Lee Jeong‐Hyun , Riding Robert 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTMicrobial carbonates formed stromatolitic, thrombolitic, dendrolitic and maceriate (mazelike) fabrics in shallow marine Cambrian–Early Ordovician carbonates encircling Laurentia. However, poor preservation often hinders recognition of their specific components. Well‐preserved examples of normal shallow marine limestones in the ca 490 Ma upper Cambrian Point Peak Member, Wilberns Formation, central Texas, include stromatolitic cones, steep‐sided laminated rimmed columns with grainy interiors, and laminated and maceriate domes. Together these form decimetre to metre‐thick biostromes. In these examples, a single component, microstromatolite, on its own or with minor calcimicrobes, creates macroscopic stromatolitic, dendrolitic, thrombolitic and maceriate fabrics. Microstromatolites constructed upward widening stromatolitic cones that developed into columns with laminated rims surrounding slightly depressed interiors. These columns accumulated allochthonous sediment by a ‘bucket effect’. Their interiors contain either clusters of dendrolitic microstromatolite or ragged columns of laminated stromatolite–sponge biolithite, and are often characterized by a ‘mottled’ fabric that superficially resembles thrombolite. This mottling was formed by localized dolomitization around millimetric burrows that otherwise do not appear to have significantly influenced the biolithite fabric. Calcimicrobes, including cyanobacteria (Razumovskia) and microproblematica (Renalcis and Tarthinia), impart a mesoscopic clotted appearance to maceriate fabric, and locally to column rims, both of which are dominated by microstromatolite. Similar component‐fabric relationships should be recognizable in rimmed columns and domes that were locally abundant elsewhere in Cambrian–Early Ordovician shallow carbonate seas.