bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 international experience in paediatric patients with congenital heart disease
Authors: Yeh Mary J , Bergersen Lisa , Gauvreau Kimberlee , Barry Oliver M , Batlivala Sarosh P , Bjornlund Elsa , Boe Brian , Caneo Luiz Fernando , Croti Ulisses A , Doyle Thomas , Furnaz Shumaila , Moraes Rodrigo Cesar , O'Byrne Michael L , de Oliveira Paes Erica , Palacios-Macedo Alexis , Pechilkov Dimitar , Sandoval Nestor Fernando , Sen Supratim , Stajevic Mila , Travessa Marco Antonio Ferreira , Jenkins Kathy J 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveAs COVID-19 continues to affect the global population, it is crucial to study the impact of the disease in vulnerable populations. This study of a diverse, international cohort aims to provide timely, experiential data on the course of disease in paediatric patients with congenital heart disease (CHD).MethodsData were collected by capitalising on two pre-existing CHD registries, the International Quality Improvement Collaborative for Congenital Heart Disease:Improving Care in Low- and Middle-Income Countriesand the Congenital Cardiac Catheterization Project on Outcomes. 35 participating sites reported data for all patients under 18 years of age with diagnosed CHD and known COVID-19 illness during 2020 identified at their institution. Patients were classified as low, moderate or high risk for moderate or severe COVID-19 illness based on patient anatomy, physiology and genetic syndrome using current published guidelines. Association of risk factors with hospitalisation and intensive care unit (ICU) level care were assessed.ResultsThe study included 339 COVID-19 cases in paediatric patients with CHD from 35 sites worldwide. Of these cases, 84 patients (25%) required hospitalisation, and 40 (12%) required ICU care. Age <1 year, recent cardiac intervention, anatomical complexity, clinical cardiac status and overall risk were all significantly associated with need for hospitalisation and ICU admission. A multivariable model for ICU admission including clinical cardiac status and recent cardiac intervention produced a c-statistic of 0.86.ConclusionsThese observational data suggest risk factors for hospitalisation related to COVID-19 in paediatric CHD include age, lower functional cardiac status and recent cardiac interventions. There is a need for further data to identify factors relevant to the care of patients with CHD who contract COVID-19 illness.
Research priorities in children and adults with congenital heart disease: a James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership
Authors: Drury Nigel E , Herd Clare P , Biglino Giovanni , Brown Katherine L , Coats Louise , Cumper Michael J , Guerrero Rafael R , Miskin Alex , Murray Sarah , Pender Fraser , Rooprai Sasha , Simpson John M , Thomson John D R , Weinkauf Jara , Wootton Julie , Jones Timothy J , Cowan Katherine 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveTo bring together patients, parents, charities and clinicians in a Priority Setting Partnership to establish national clinical priorities for research in children and adults with congenital heart disease.MethodsThe established James Lind Alliance methodology was used to identify and prioritise research on the management of congenital heart disease, focusing on diagnosis, treatment and outcomes. An initial open survey was used to gather potential uncertainties which were filtered, categorised, converted into summary questions and checked against current evidence. In a second survey, respondents identified the unanswered questions most important to them. At two final workshops, patients, parents, charities and healthcare professionals agreed the top 10 lists of priorities for child/antenatal and adult congenital heart disease research.Results524 respondents submitted 1373 individual questions, from which 313 out of scope or duplicate questions were removed. The remaining 1060 questions were distilled into summary questions and checked against existing literature, with only three questions deemed entirely answered and removed. 250 respondents completed the child/antenatal survey (56 uncertainties) and 252 completed the adult survey (47 uncertainties). The questions ranked the highest by clinicians and non-clinicians were taken forward to consensus workshops, where two sets of top 10 research priorities were agreed.ConclusionsThrough an established and equitable process, we determined national clinical priorities for congenital heart disease research. These will be taken forward by specific working groups, a national patient and public involvement group, and through the establishment of a UK and Ireland network for collaborative, multicentre clinical trials in congenital heart disease.
Dialect classification using acoustic and linguistic features in Arabic speech
Authors: Humayun Mohammad Ali , Yassin Hayati , Abas Pg Emeroylariffion 
Published: December 2022

<span lang="EN-US">Speech dialects refer to linguistic and pronunciation variations in the speech of the same language. Automatic dialect classification requires considerable acoustic and linguistic differences between different dialect categories of speech. This paper proposes a classification model composed of a combination of classifiers for the Arabic dialects by utilizing both the acoustic and linguistic features of spontaneous speech. The acoustic classification comprises of an ensemble of classifiers focusing on different frequency ranges within the short-term spectral features, as well as a classifier utilizing the ‘i-vector’, whilst the linguistic classifiers use features extracted by transformer models pre-trained on large Arabic text datasets. It has been shown that the proposed fusion of multiple classifiers achieves a classification accuracy of 82.44% for the identification task of five Arabic dialects. This represents the highest accuracy reported on the dataset, despite the relative simplicity of the proposed model, and has shown its applicability and relevance for dialect identification tasks. </span>
Perioperative Practices in Moyamoya Syndrome Revascularization: An International Transdisciplinary Survey
Authors: Eckert Melody , Bhakta Nilan , Cohen Scott A. , Babi Marc Alain , Elghareeb Mohammed , Gatica Sebastian , Pizzi Michael A. , Robicsek Steven A. , Robinson Christopher P. , Koch Matthew , Laurent Dimitri , Trippensee Arvin , Mohamed Basma , Busl Katharina M. , Maciel Carolina B. 
Published: December 2022

Background
There are no evidence‐based resources guiding the perioperative management of patients with moyamoya syndrome who are undergoing revascularization surgery. We investigated practice patterns among a transdisciplinary group aiming at identifying possible heterogeneity of practices on key components of care that warrant prospective studies.

Methods
We disseminated a web‐based Qualtrics survey internationally to physician members of the following: Neurocritical Care Society, Society of Critical Care Medicine, American Academy of Neurology, Society for Neuroscience in Anesthesiology and Critical Care, American Association of Neurological Surgeons, Asian Society of Neuroanesthesia and Critical Care, Indian Society of Neuroanesthesia and Critical Care, Japanese Society for Neuroscience in Anesthesiology and Critical Care, and World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies. The survey contained questions on demographics and aspects of preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative care.

Results
Among the 175 physicians who managed at least 1 adult (aged ≥18 years) undergoing moyamoya revascularization in the preceding 24 months, 18 countries (United States, 84.6%) and 4 disciplines (anesthesiology [44.7%, 76/170], critical care medicine [30.6%, 52/170], neurology [32.4%, 55/170], and neurosurgery [15.3%, 26/170]) were represented. Anesthesiologists preferred total intravenous over volatile anesthesia (56.3%, 40/71 versus 42.3%, 30/71) and arterial line zeroing at the circle of Willis/tragus over the phlebostatic axis/right atrium intraoperatively (84.3%, 59/70 versus 11.4%, 8/70) and postoperatively (68.9%, 42/61 versus 24.6%, 15/61). Intraoperative blood pressure goals were primarily targeted to baseline blood pressure (34.8%, 48/138), whereas postoperative blood pressure goals were mainly determined by neurosurgeon preference (48.9%, 65/133). The predominant hemodynamic target was mean arterial pressure intraoperatively (50.4%, 68/135) and systolic blood pressure postoperatively (48.5%, 63/130). Crystalloid infusion was the preferred method to achieve perioperative hemodynamic goals (median rank, 1.0), followed by colloid infusion (median rank, 2.0) and phenylephrine (median rank, 2.0); however, colloid infusion and phenylephrine were considered contraindicated by 18.2% (10/55) and 20.0% (11/55), respectively.

Conclusions
We demonstrate perioperative practice heterogeneity for moyamoya syndrome revascularization among physicians for both methods and targets of hemodynamic management, constituting equipoise for prospective studies targeting optimal management strategies.
When a dying patient is asked to participate in a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial on symptom control: The decision-making process and experiences of relatives
Authors: van Esch Harriëtte J , Stoppelenburg Arianne , van Zuylen Lia , van der Rijt Carin CD , van der Heide Agnes 
Published: December 2022

Background: Placebo-controlled trials can provide evidence to inform end-of-life care, but it is contested whether asking dying patients to participate in such trials is morally justifiable. To investigate the experiences of these patients is even more complex. Therefore, proxy assessments by relatives can be a good alternative. Aim: To explore the experience of participating in a placebo-controlled trial at the end of life from the perspective of bereaved relatives. Design: Mixed-method study, including questionnaires and interviews. Setting/participants: The SILENCE study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial on the efficacy of scopolamine butylbromide to prevent death rattle. The study was performed in six inpatient hospice facilities. Patients were asked to participate at admission in the hospice. Three months after the death of the patient, bereaved relatives were invited to fill in a questionnaire and to participate in an interview. One hundred four questionnaires were completed and 17 relatives were interviewed. Results: Fourteen percent of the relatives participating in the questionnaire study considered the participation of their loved one in research a bit burdensome and 10% considered it a bit stressful. Seventeen percent thought that it was a bit burdensome for the patient. Eighty-three percent considered participation in this type of research (very) valuable. The in-depth interviews showed that patients and relatives jointly decided about participation in this double-blind placebo-controlled medication trial. Relatives generally respected and felt proud about patients’ decision to participate. Conclusion: The large majority of bereaved relatives experienced the participation of their dying love one in this RCT as acceptable and valuable.
Occupational Therapy Interventions for the Improvement of the Quality of Life of Healthy Older Adults Living in Nursing Homes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Portillo Cristian Uceda , Calvo Arenillas José Ignacio , Miralles Pedro Moruno 
Published: December 2022

Objective To evaluate current scientific evidence on the effectiveness of occupational therapy interventions for the improvement of the quality of life of healthy adults over 65 years old living in nursing homes. Data source PubMed, Web of Science, Dialnet, Scopus, Cochrane, Cinahl and SciELO databases searched between 2012 and 2022. Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria a) Studies involving occupational therapy interventions in residential settings (nursing homes or community residential settings), b) Studies conducted on a population of healthy adults over 65 years old, c) Studies with a level of evidence 1a-1b to 3a-3b, d) Studies containing the MeSH descriptors in the keyword list. Data Extraction For each study included in the review, key information was collected and entered into a data extraction form based on Cochrane recommendations, using Microsoft Excel v.16.16.21 software. Data Synthesis Descriptive summary of study characteristics and summarized methodological quality of the studies. Results Six of the articles met the inclusion criteria and were categorised into “promotion of active ageing” and “meaningful activities and quality of life”. Overall, the strength of evidence was moderate, and the risk of bias was low. Conclusion Occupational therapy intervention programmes structured around the opportunity to choose meaningful activities can improve the perceived quality of life of healthy older adults living in nursing homes.
Comparative study on low velocity impact behavior of natural hybrid and non hybrid flexible thermoplastic based composites
Authors: Kumbhare Kartik S , Mahesh Vishwas , Joladarashi Sharnappa , Kulkarni Satyabodh M 
Published: December 2022

The current study attempts to evaluate the low-velocity impact (LVI) behavior of jute and banana fiber-based hybrid and non hybrid green composites. The proposed composites are fabricated using compression moulding method with variety of positioning of layers namely jute-rubber-jute-rubber-jute (JRJRJ), banana-rubber-banana-rubber-banana (BRBRB), jute-rubber-banana-rubber-jute (JRBRJ) and banana-rubber-jute-rubber-banana (BRJRB). Thus developed composites are subjected to LVI testing using conical and hemispherical shaped impactor in drop weight impact testing machine and different impact velocities of 5 m/s, 10 m/s and 15 m/s. Based on the ability of the proposed composites to absorb energy, coefficient of restitution (CoR), energy loss percentage (ELP), and failure behaviour, the suggested flexible composites’ performances are assessed. The study reveals that JRJRJ composite exhibits better energy absorption capability and BRBRB exhibits least energy absorption capability compared to its counterparts. The damage study reveals that hemispherical impactor leads to more damage area due to its larger contact area whereas, conical impactor results in local penetration. Results reveals that inclusion of jute fiber as reinforcement results in better LVI properties compared to banana fiber. It is also clear that the presence of a compliant matrix improves energy absorption and damage resistance in flexible composites.
Urine Galectin-3 binding protein reflects nephritis activity in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Faustini Francesca , Idborg Helena , Fuzzi Enrico , Larsson Anders , Lie Wen-Rong , Pötzsch Sven , Okitsu Shinji L , Svenungsson Elisabet , Gunnarsson Iva 
Published: December 2022

Background Lupus nephritis (LN) is a major and severe organ involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), whose diagnosis and treatment necessitate to perform kidney biopsy, which is an invasive procedure. Non-invasive urine biomarkers are an active area of investigation to support LN diagnosis and management. Objective To investigate the role of urinary galectin-3 binding protein (u-Gal-3BP) as a candidate biomarker of renal disease in biopsy proven LN. Patients and methods Levels of u-Gal-3BP were investigated in a cross-sectional fashion by ELISA in 270 subjects: 86 LN patients, 63 active SLE patients with no kidney involvement, 73 SLE patients with inactive disease and 48 age and sex-matched population-based controls (PBC). Moreover, urine samples were analysed separately by ELISA for additional markers of kidney pathology: neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), osteopontin (OPN), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and galectin-3 (Gal-3). The concentrations of all studied molecules were normalized to urine creatinine levels. In 10 patients, post-treatment levels of the biomarkers were measured. Results Normalized u-Gal-3BP levels were higher in LN patients compared to the other groups ( p < .0001). Comparing different LN classes, u-Gal-3BP levels were higher among patients with proliferative (class III/IV) and membranous (class V) as compared to mesangial (class II) forms ( p = .04). In proliferative forms, u-Gal-3BP levels correlated with the activity index in renal biopsies (r = 0.42, p = .004). Moreover, in a subset of 10 patients with repeated kidney biopsy and urine sampling before and after induction treatment, a significant decrease of u-Gal-3BP was observed ( p = .03) . Among the other markers, KIM-1 was also able to discriminate LN from the other groups, while NGAL, OPN and Gal-3 could not in this cohort. Conclusion Given its ability to discriminate LN patients from active non-renal and inactive SLE patients, the observed correlation with the activity index in renal biopsies, and its levels declining following treatment, u-Gal-3BP shows promise as a non-invasive urinary biomarker to help detecting and to monitor renal involvement in SLE patients and should be validated in larger cohorts.
Nationwide partial knee replacement uptake is influenced by volume and supplier––A Dutch arthroplasty register study
Authors: Koenraadt-van Oost Iris , Koenraadt Koen LM , Hoorntje Alexander , van Steenbergen Liza N , Bolder Stefan BT , van Geenen Rutger CI 
Published: December 2022

Background Despite the established advantages of partial knee replacements (PKR), their usage remains limited. We investigated the effect of hospital knee arthroplasty (KA) volume and the availability of a frequently used PKR by the total KA supplier on the use of PKRs in a hospital. Methods A total of 190,204 total knee replacements (TKR) and 18,134 PKRs were identified in the Dutch Arthroplasty Register (LROI) from 2007 to 2016. For each hospital we determined the annual absolute KA volume (TKR+PKR) into quartiles (<103, 103–197, 197–292, >292 knee replacements/year), and determined whether the TKR supplier provided a frequently used PKR. Hospitals were divided in routine PKR users (≥13 PKRs/year) or occasional/non PKR users (<13 PKRs/year). Based on these parameters, the effect of total KA volume and supplier on PKR usage was investigated, using chi-square tests. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the influence of the combination of these factors. Results In the lowest volume group, around 15% of the hospitals used PKRs, compared to 75% in the highest volume group. Having a TKR supplier that also provides a frequently used PKR resulted in a higher likelihood of performing PKR, especially in low volume hospitals. Conclusions Hospitals’ total KA volume and the availability of a frequently used PKR appear to influence the use of PKR.
Diagnostic and Prognostic Significance of the Prothrombin Time/International Normalized Ratio in Sepsis and Septic Shock
Authors: Schupp Tobias , Weidner Kathrin , Rusnak Jonas , Jawhar Schanas , Forner Jan , Dulatahu Floriana , Brück Lea Marie , Hoffmann Ursula , Bertsch Thomas , Müller Julian , Weiß Christel , Akin Ibrahim , Behnes Michael 
Published: December 2022

Objective The study investigates the diagnostic and prognostic significance of the prothrombin time/international normalized ratio (PT/INR) in patients with sepsis and septic shock. Background Sepsis may be complicated by disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). While the status of coagulopathy of septic patients is represented within the sepsis-3 definition by assessing the platelet count, less data regarding the prognostic impact of the PT/INR in patients admitted with sepsis and septic shock is available. Methods Consecutive patients with sepsis and septic shock from 2019 to 2021 were included. Blood samples were retrieved from day of disease onset (ie, day 0), as well as on day 1, 2, 4, 6 and 9 thereafter. Firstly, the diagnostic value of the PT/INR in comparison to the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) was tested for septic shock compared to sepsis without shock. Secondly, the prognostic value of the PT/INR for 30-day all-cause mortality was tested. Statistical analyses included univariable t-tests, Spearman's correlations, C-statistics, Kaplan-Meier analyses and Cox proportional regression analyses. Results 338 patients were included (56% sepsis without shock, 44% septic shock). The overall rate of all-cause mortality at 30 days was 52%. With an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.682 ( p= .001) on day 0, the PT/INR revealed moderate discrimination of septic shock and sepsis without shock. Furthermore, PT/ INR was able to discriminate non-survivors and survivors at 30 days (AUC = 0.612; p = .001). Patients with a PT/INR >1.5 had higher rates of 30-day all-cause mortality than patients with lower values (mortality rate 73% vs 48%; log rank p = .001; HR = 2.129; 95% CI 1.494-3.033; p = .001), even after multivariable adjustment (HR = 1.793; 95% CI 1.343-2.392; p = .001). Increased risk of 30-day all-cause mortality was observed irrespective of concomitant thrombocytopenia. Conclusion The PT/INR revealed moderate diagnostic accuracy for septic shock but was associated with reliable prognostic accuracy with regard to 30-day all-cause mortality in patients admitted with sepsis and septic shock.
Cognitive and behavioral predictors of procrastination behavior in adolescents at a mental health clinic in Turkey
Authors: Gundogdu Ummugulsum 
Published: December 2022

Objective Procrastination behavior (PB) negatively impacts individuals’ daily lives. Based on existing evidence that states executive function (EF) problems and internalizing symptoms (IS) are related to PB, this study examined IS, EF problems, and sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) symptoms in adolescents, and their relationships with PB and gender. Methods The sample consisted of 78 adolescents (56.4% female) aged 12–18 years. Participants and their families completed the Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI), Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders (SCARED), Barkley Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Scale-Children and Adolescent (BSCTS-CA), General and Academic Procrastination Scales, Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF), and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Results The scores for academic PB were significantly positively associated with the CDI, SCARED, subscales comprising the metacognitive index of the BRIEF, and all four subscales of the SDQ but not with SCT. General and academic PB yielded similar results except for the conduct problems. Academic PB and EF problems were more prevalent in males. Lack of organizational skills, a part of EF; IS; and attention problems were associated with academic and general PB in girls and boys. Conclusion Adolescents who have difficulty organizing their work and attention problems may have higher PB.
CTSK variant implicated in suspected pyknodysostosis in a domestic cat
Authors: Lyraki Maria , Hibbert Angie , Langley-Hobbs Sorrel , Lait Philippa , Buckley Reuben M , Warren Wesley C , Lyons Leslie A ,   99 Lives Consortium
Published: December 2022

Case summary A 9-month-old entire male domestic longhair cat presented with a history of pathological fractures, chronic musculoskeletal pain and poor growth. Multiple facial and skeletal abnormalities were identified on physical examination and advanced imaging (CT and radiographs). A variant in CTSK was identified in the affected cat following whole-exome sequencing (WES). The cat was managed symptomatically with diet, environmental modifications and analgesia. Relevance and novel information This is the first report of a cat with a similar clinical presentation and genetic variant to the hereditary human genetic disorder pyknodysostosis. In this case, WES was performed, which often facilitates the diagnosis of various hereditary disorders (ie, a conceptual framework for practicing feline genomic medicine). Despite the severe skeletal and appendicular abnormalities described, the cat was alive more than 2 years after its initial presentation.