bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soft Tissue Substitutes to Increase the Thickness of Attached Gingiva: An Animal Study
Authors: Li Xingchao , Zhang Hongxia , Gao Xixin , Zhang Xiao , Mei Shuang , Ma Hanxi , Zhang Tian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background:This study aims to compare the histological and thickness changes of attached gingiva following grafting with three groups of different soft tissue substitutes at labial aspect of canines. Methods: In three beagle dogs, attached gingival thickening was performed with double layer allogeneic acellular dermal matrix membrane (AADM), bovine acellular dermal matrices membrane (BADM) combined with concentrated growth factor membrane (CGF) or BADM combined with collagen sponge. Thickness was measured before augmentation (baseline [BL]), and after 1, 2, 3, and 4 months. Descriptive histological analyses were performed after 4 months.Results: Four months post-operatively, thickness increase differed significantly among three groups (AADM: 1.88±0.28 mm; BADM combined with CGF: 0.27±0.19 mm; BADM combined with collagen sponge: 0.10±0.11 mm). Compared to BL, AADM group showed significant difference (3.24±0.22 mm vs. 1.36±0.72 mm), while the BADM combined with CGF group showed no significant difference (1.50±0.07 mm vs. 1.23±0.15 mm) and neither of the BADM combined with collagen sponge group (1.54±0.15 mm vs. 1.44±0.15 mm). Histological analyses revealed that AADM was integrated with gingival tissues, and new fibrous tissue and blood vessels were formed. But the grafts in the other two groups were absorbed and the augmentation area was remodeled into a structure consistent with the surrounding host tissue.Conclusions: . AADM is superior to BADM combined with CGF and BADM combined with collagen sponge with regard to gingival augmentation.
Integrative analyzes of biomarkers and pathways for exploration the mechanisms and targets associated with pyroptosis in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Wang Wei , Wang Yao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the association between pyroptosis and type 2 diabetes (T2D).Methods: Gene expression omnibus (GEO) was used to obtain two microarray datasets (GSE7014 and GSE25724), and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were evaluated. DEGs in type 2 diabetes mellitus pyroptosis-related genes (T2DM-PRGs) were obtained by intersecting the differential genes associated with T2D and the genes associated with pyroptosis. The T2DM-PRGs were verified, and functional enrichment analysis was performed through gene ontology (GO) annotation analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic predictive value of T2DM-PRG-related genes. The single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) algorithm was used to analyze immune infiltration in T2DM-PRGs and immune infiltration levels.Results：A total of 25 T2DM-PRGs were obtained. GSEA comprehensively proved that the majority of genes were enriched in the NF−kappa B signaling pathway and prostate cancer. The top five miRNAs targeting T2DM-PRG-related differentially expressed prognostic genes were PTEN, BRD4, HSP90AB1, VIM, and PKN2. The top five T2DM-PRG-related DEGs of transcription factors (TFs) were HSP90AB1, VIM, PLCG1, and PTEN. ROC analysis showed that in both datasets, PLCG1, PTEN, TP63, CHI3L1, SDHB, DPP8, BCL2, SERPINB1, ACE2, DRD2, DDX58, and BTK have good diagnostic performance. We found that T2DM-PRG-related genes in the GSE7014 dataset had 28 immune cells that were significantly different between T2DM tissues and normal tissues, whereas 28 immune cells in the GSE25724 dataset were substantially different between T2DM tissues and normal tissues.Conclusions：Exploration of pyroptosis-related mechanisms and biomarkers may contribute to the understanding of T2D pathophysiology and provide a novel therapeutic option for DM.
Association Between Platelet Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibition and In-Hospital Outcomes in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients Treated with Coronary Thrombus Aspiration: Findings from the CCC-ACS Project
Authors: Liu Wennan , Li Ziping , Yang Tianqi , A Geru , Sun Haonan , Liu Hangkuan , Song Xiwen , Jin Zhengyang , Li Linjie , Li Yongle , Hao Yongchen , Liu Jing , Zhao Dong , Zhou Xin , Yang Qing 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Thrombus aspiration in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) with high thrombus burden did not improve clinical outcomes. The clinical efficacy of bailout use of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs) in this clinical scenario remains unknown. Methods: We assessed associations between GPI use and in-hospital major bleeds, ischemic events, and mortality among STEMI patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and thrombus aspiration in a nationwide acute coronary syndrome registry (the Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China-Acute Coronary Syndrome project). Results: A total of 5,896 STEMI patients who received thrombus aspiration were identified, among which 56.3% received GPI therapy. In a 1-to-1 propensity-score-matched cohort, compared with STEMI patients not treated with GPI, GPI use was associated with a 69% increase in major in-hospital bleeds, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.69, a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.08 to 2.65, and a nonsignificant reduction in ischemic events (OR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.36 to 1.06), as well as a neutral effect on mortality (OR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.55 to 1.58). However, among patients aged < 65 years, GPI use was associated with a reduction in ischemic events (OR: 0.26, 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.77), and no significant increase in major bleeds (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 0.67 to 2.25) was observed. Conclusion: In a nationwide registry, routine use of GPI following thrombus aspiration was not associated with reduced in-hospital ischemic events and mortality, but at the cost of increased major bleeding. However, for patients aged < 65 years, there may be a potential net benefit.
Occupational Exposure to Air Pollution in Africa: Boda Boda Riders in Kampala
Authors: Brown Alison , Avis William , Khaemba Winnie , Singh Ajit , Senior Emmanuel Ebbu , Pope Francis 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

The importance of the commercial motorcycle for public transport in many African cities is increasingly recognised. However, rapid urbanisation and urban economic growth also increases the demand for motorised transport, resulting in increased congestion, road traffic accidents and air pollution. While exposure to air pollution is a well-established risk factor for respiratory illnesses, there has been very little study of occupational exposure to transport-related air pollution in African cities. This research contributes to that gap, studying the exposure and impact of air pollution on Kampala’s boda boda riders (commercial motorcycle riders). The study uses low-cost mobile pollution monitors fixed to a commercial motorcycle to demonstrate the vulnerability of riders exposed to high levels of air pollution throughout much of the working day. The study indicates how low-cost monitoring can help boda boda riders understand and to minise their exposure to air pollution, and support urban policy that reduces air pollution while also recognising the importance of Kampala’s boda boda for both urban transport and livelihoods.
68Ga-FAPI PET visualize heart failure: from mechanism to clinic
Authors: Song Wenyu , Zhang Xiao , He ShuKun , Gai Yongkang , Qin Chunxia , Hu Fan , Wang Yan , Wang Zhaohui , Bai Peng , Wang Jing , Lan Xiaoli 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
PurposeHeart failure (HF) is a chronic and progressive clinical syndrome with structure or functional abnormalities of the heart. Active fibroblasts and ventricular remodeling play an essential role in the progression of HF. 68Ga-labeled fibroblast activating protein inhibitor (68Ga-FAPI) have been proved binding with fibroblast activation protein (FAP) in many diseases. This study aimed to use 68Ga-FAPI PET to continuously visualize the dynamic change process of cardiac fibroblasts and HF to aid in the clinical management of HF.MethodsThe rat model of HF was established by injection of isoproterenol for 14 d continuously. Echocardiography and 68Ga-FAPI were performed weekly. Isolated hearts were taken every week for biodistribution, autoradiography, hematoxylin-eosin, FAP-immunofluorescence and Masson's trichrome staining, and blood samples for enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay. A preliminary study of HF patients further recruited for 13N-amino (13N-NH3) perfusion and 68Ga-FAPI cardiac PET imaging simultaneously.ResultsExtensive myocardial uptake of 68Ga-FAPI, expression of FAP, and myocardial contractility peaked at 7 d after the onset of modeling, while only slight fibrotic changes were manifested. With time extension, 68Ga-FAPI uptake and ventricular wall motion of the heart reduced, while cardiac fibrosis and degree of myocardial injury gradually increased. Seven patients diagnosed with HF were successfully enrolled (5 men and 2 women, 58.14 ± 16.25 years). 13N-NH3 perfusion was inconsistent with 68Ga-FAPI uptake. Higher myocardial 68Ga-FAPI uptake was demonstrated in the patients with < 1-year duration than other groups. ConclusionWith the progress of HF, 68Ga-FAPI accumulates evidently in the early stage, and gradually reduced. Preliminary clinical study suggested that 68Ga-FAPI PET could be used to display active fibrosis. Active myocardial FAP expression is followed by myocardial remodeling and myocardial fibrosis, suggesting that the detection of early active FAP expression may help guiding antifibrotic-drug therapy. Clinical Trial RegistrationNCT04982458
Based on network pharmacology and experiments to explore the potential mechanism of Radix Puerariae- Radix Trichosanthis and Radix Astragali-Radix Rehmanniae in the treatment of T2DM
Authors: Ren Xiaoyu , Liu Yanyan , Hua Honghao , Pu Ruiyang , Yang Yan , Zhang Wei , Long Xianzhen , Shi Dian , Bai Yana , Cheng Ning 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: There are many traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2DM), but most of them are not simple enough, which increase the economic burden of patients. Radix Astragali, Radix Puerariae, Radix Trichosanthis and Radix Rehmanniaeare the four traditional Chinese medicines commonly used in the treatment of T2DM. However, the molecular mechanism of these four drugs in the treatment of diabetes is still unclear. Therefore, this study is the first to explore the potential mechanism of Astragali-Rehmanniaeare and Puerariae-Trichosanthis in the treatment of T2DM through network pharmacology and animal experiments.Methods: First we obtained the active chemical components and targets of these four drugs. Then the main targets of diabetes were obtained and protein-protein interaction was built by String. Metascape platform was used to analyze the "drug-component-target" and the biological processes and pathways they involved. Finally, "Drug-Diabetes-Pathway" network was conducted. Subsequently, animal experiments were conducted to verify the network analysis results. Blood glucose of two hours postprandial was measured every week. The insulin expression level was measured to calculate HOMA-IR and HOMA-β, and the protein expressions of PI3K and Akt were measured as well.Results: The core active components were quercetin, daidzein, kaempferol, puerarin, formononetin; the core targets includedAKT1, PIK3CA, TNF, etc. The biological pathway mainly acted on PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and insulin resistance pathway. The experiment results showed that the drug groups could significantly reduce the blood glucose of T2DM rats. HOMA-IR of Astragali-Rehmanniaeare was significantly decreased, and HOMA-β of Puerariae-Trichosanthis was significantly increased. PI3K protein in Astragali-Rehmanniaeare and Puerariae-Trichosanthis was significantly higher than that in control group. Akt protein in Astragali-Rehmanniaeare was significantly higher than that in control group, but significantly lower than that in model group.Conclusions: Astragali-Rehmanniaeare and Puerariae-Trichosanthis improved blood glucose mainly by changing the contents of PI3K and Akt in the body to affect the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, so as to achieve the purpose of treating T2DM.
Intestinal epithelial barrier integrity investigated by label-free techniques in ulcerative colitis patients
Authors: Quansah Elsie , Gardey Elena , Ramoji Anuradha , Meyer-Zedler Tobias , Goehrig Bianca , Heutelbeck Astrid , Hoeppener Stephanie , Schmitt Michael , Waldner Maximillian , Stallmach Andreas , Popp Juergen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The intestinal epithelial barrier, among other compartments such as the mucosal immune system, contributes to the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. Therefore, any disturbance within the epithelial layer could lead to intestinal permeability and promote mucosal inflammation. Considering that disintegration of the intestinal epithelial barrier is a key element in the etiology of ulcerative colitis, further assessment of barrier integrity could contribute to a better understanding of the role of epithelial barrier defects in ulcerative colitis (UC), one major form of chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Herein, we employ fast, non-destructive, and label-free non-linear methods, namely coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS), second harmonic generation (SHG), two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF), and two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging (2P-FLIM) to assess the morpho-chemical contributions leading to the dysfunction of the epithelial barrier. For the first time, the formation of epithelial barrier gaps was directly visualized, without sophisticated data analysis procedures, by the 3D analysis of the colonic mucosa from severely inflamed UC patients. The results were compared with histopathological and immunofluorescence images and validated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to indicate structural alterations of the apical junction complex as the underlying cause for the formation of the epithelial barrier gaps. Our findings suggest the potential of non-linear multimodal imaging to give precise, detailed, and direct visualization of the epithelial barrier in the gastrointestinal tract, which can be combined with a fiber probe for future endomicroscopy measurements during real-time in-vivo imaging.
Association between urinary iodine concentration and the risk of papillary thyroid cancer by gender and age: A case-control study
Authors: Hwang Yerin , Oh Hyun-Kyung , Chung Jae Hoon , Kim Sun Wook , Kim Jung-Han , Kim Jee Soo , Shin Myung-Hee 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Previous studies on dietary iodine intake and the risk of papillary thyroid cancer(PTC) have demonstrated inconsistent results. We aimed to evaluate the association between the urinary iodine concentration(UIC), a surrogate biomarker for dietary iodine intake, and the risk of thyroid cancer stratified by gender and age in an iodine-sufficient area. A hospital-based case-control study was conducted in Seoul, South Korea. A total of 492 cases of newly diagnosed PTC and 595 controls were included. Compared with the lowest quartile of creatine-adjusted UIC(< 159.3 µg/gCr), the highest quartile(≥ 1037.3 µg/gCr) showed an increased risk of PTC(odds ratio[OR] = 1.49, 95% confidence interval[CI]: 1.04–2.13), especially in those who were < 45 years old(ptrend = 0.01) than in those who were ≥ 45 years old(ptrend = 0.48). For those who were < 45 years old, the positive association between creatinine-adjusted UIC and the risk of PTC was observed in both men (q4 vs. q1, OR = 4.27, 95% CI: 1.14–18.08) and women (OR = 1.97, 95% CI: 1.04–3.78). For those who were ≥ 45 years old, no association was found in any gender. Creatinine-adjusted UIC was positively associated with the risk of PTC especially in those who were younger than 45-years for both men and women.
Spatial pattern prediction of forest wildfire susceptibility in Central Yunnan Province, China based on multivariate data
Authors: Lan Yongcui , Wang jinliang , Hu Wenying , Kurbanov Eldar , Cole Janine , Sha Jinming , Jiao Yuanmei , Zhou Jingchun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Wildfires are an important disturbance factor in forest ecosystems. Assessing the probability of forest wildfires can assist in forest wildfire prevention, control, and supervision. The logistic regression model is widely used to forecast the probability, spatial patterns, and drivers of forest wildfires. This study used logistic regression to establish a spatial prediction model for forest wildfire susceptibility, which was applied to evaluate the risk of forest wildfires in Central Yunnan Province (CYP), China. A forest wildfire risk classification was implemented for CYP using forest burn scar data for 2001 to 2020 and the logistic spatial prediction model for forest wildfire susceptibility. Climate, vegetation, topographical, human activities, and location were selected as forest wildfire prediction variables. The results showed that: (1) The distributions of temperature, vegetation coverage, distance to water bodies, distance to roads, and precipitation were positively correlated with the occurrence of forest wildfires. Elevation, relative humidity, the global vegetation moisture index, wind speed, slope, latitude, and distance to residential areas were negatively correlated with the occurrence of forest wildfires. (2) The results of the logistic spatial prediction model for forest wildfire susceptibility showed a good fit to observed data, with an overall simulation probability of 81.6%. The optimal threshold for spatial prediction for forest wildfire susceptibility in CYP was determined to be 0.414. A significance level of a selected model variable of < 0.05 resulted in an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.882–0.890. (3) Forest wildfire prevention efforts should focus on Southwest Yuxi City and southern Qujing City since they accounted for a high proportion of the areas at high risk of forest wildfires. Other localities should adjust forest wildfire prevention measures according to local conditions and strengthen existing wildfire prevention and emergency resource planning and allocation. (4) Some factors contributing to forest wildfires where different among the different areas. Forest wildfire risk factors had different degrees of impact under different spatial and temporal scales. The spatial relationships between wildfire disasters and influencing factors should be established in areas with heterogeneous environmental conditions for the selection of relevant factors.
A method of 3R to evaluate the correlation and predictive value of variables
Authors: Yuanyuan Cheng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A flawed experimental design scheme is an important factor leading to biased or even erroneous findings and conclusions. In sociological studies involving sampling, where researchers are often forced to make some kind of compromise in their experimental methods, such as using unbalanced sampling methods or replacing random sampling with convenience sampling, due to the constraints of the experimental conditions. It is not entirely unacceptable to conduct a study using a flawed experimental design, but such a compromise should not lead to serious biases or errors in the study results and conclusions. We need to pay more attention to the review of experimental design schemes and use scientific methods to make the necessary assessments of certain compromises in experimental schemes. To evaluate the correlation and predictive value between variables using a 3R method. Using the 3R method (a combined application of linear regression, ROC curve analysis, and R software to evaluate the correlation between variables and their predictive value), the ROC curve was introduced into the linear correlation regression analysis, and the R software was used to calculate the regression equation, AUC, sensitivity, specificity, and Jorden index to make a precise and accurate judgment of the correlation between variables.The linear regression model established for two variables with linear correlation was statistically significant, and ROC curve analysis was performed to quantitatively evaluate the predictive value between the variables. ROC curve was introduced into linear correlation regression analysis enabled a more accurate evaluation of the correlation between variables and their predictive value based on precise analysis. the R software was suitable for such analytical work.
Detection of Weeds in Cotton Farms Using Mobilenet – Single Shot Detector
Authors: G Hari Krishnan , T Rajasenbagam 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In recent years, the automated weed control systems used for prevent the growing weeds from main plant in order to improve the productivity. The researchers put on more efforts to identify the location and amount of the weed area in the land by the automated manner. Deep learning provides the way of finding the location of the object by using of object detection algorithms. In this research focus on the identification of the weeds in the cotton fields by drawing bounding boxes using MobileNet-Single Shot Detector object detection algorithm. From the obtained results it has shown as 70.1% Average Precision(AP) for detection on weeds.
An Empirical Study on the Causes of Internal Consumption Habits of Chinese Rural Residents
Authors: Xuepin Wu , Yongjun Ma 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Based on the integration of the life cycle-persistent income consumption model, utility function, and internal habit theory, this paper constructs a multi-layer model including internal habit formation and empirically analyzes the causes of internal habit formation of rural residents in various consumption expenditures. The result shows: (1) The internal habit effect of consumption expenditure for survival (food, clothing, and residence) is generally small. In contrast, the internal habit eft of consumption expenditure for development enjoyment (medical care, education, household equipment, and transportation) is relatively large. (2) In terms of its impact on internal habit formation, inclusive digital finance has a positive moderating effect on food, clothing, medical care, and culture and education. The per capita years of education have a negative moderating effect on food, clothing, residence, medical care, and education. The dummy variables of developed area or not have a negative moderating effect on clothing, transportation, and education, however, have a positive moderating effect on home furnishings. (3) In terms of the intensity of adjustment to internal habits, digital financial inclusion is the largest, followed by the dummy variables of education level and developed area or not. From the perspective of the adjustment of internal habits, inclusive digital finance is a positively adjusted, while the level of education and regional economic differences show a negative adjustment trend.
Simultaneously Subtyping Influenza A Virus into H1, H3, N1 and N2 using one pot quadruplex RT-qPCR assay
Authors: Wang Hai-Bo , Du Tian , Huang Hui-Na , Xu Jun-Ting , Tu Cheng-Ning 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In the current study, an one pot quadruplex RT-qPCR assay was established and evaluated. The assay’s limit of detection could reach as low as 101 copies/reaction, with good repeatability profile and no cross-reaction with other respiratory pathogens. During clinical evaluation both by blinded samples and real clinical samples, the assay exhibited a 100% coincidence rate with individual commercial RT-qPCR assays. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the simultaneous subtyping influenza A virus into H1, H3, N1, and N2 by one pot quadruplex RT-qPCR assay, which could improve the preparedness for future influenza outbreaks.