bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microstructural Characterization of Borided Co-Cr-Mo Alloy
Authors: Ucar Nazim , Gülüstan Can , Calik Adnan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This study involves the effect of boriding powder composition on the microstructure and hardness of a CoCrMo alloy borided in a solid medium using the powder pack method. To investigate the effect of boriding powder composition, two different commercial boriding agents, Ekabor-HM and Ekabor III, were thoroughly mixed with ferrosilicon powders to form the boriding media. The CoCrMo samples were tightly packed with the Ekabor-HM and Ekabor III boriding powders in stainless steel containers to minimize oxidation. The boriding process was carried out under atmospheric conditions for 9 h in an electrical resistance furnace preheated to 1223 K. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses revealed that the surfaces of the borided CoCrMo alloys consisted of a bilayer composed of CoB and Co2B phases and also contained minor amounts of CrB, Mo2B5, and Mo2B. The average thickness of the boride layer in the samples borided with Ekabor HM and Ekabor III powders was 28±4.1 μm and 21±2.3 μm, while the average hardness of the boride layer was 1752±5.3 HV0.1 and 1364±3.8 HV0.1, respectively.
Analysis of Intra-Industry Trade in Agri-Food Products Between Bosnia and Herzegovina and the European Union
Authors: Brkić Snježana , Kastratović Radovan , Salkica Mirela Abidović 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Although research of intra-industry trade (IIT) has been intensive in the last several decades, the empirical literature focusing on this phenomenon in the Western Balkans countries remains limited, especially in agricultural sector. Aiming to contribute to the existing literature, the paper analyses patterns and country-specific determinants of IIT in agri-food products between Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) and the European Union (EU) during the period of their mutual trade liberalisation (2008-2018). The analysis employs Grubel-Lloyd indices and Greenaway-Hine-Milner methodology for measurement of IIT, and applies an econometric panel data model using a Poisson Pseudo-maximum likelihood approach in order to estimate effects of IIT determinants. The findings suggest that intra-industry agri-food trade of BiH with the EU is of low intensity and mainly of vertical nature, viewed totally and bilaterally. We found significant positive effects of trading countries’ sizes, common border and history on IIT, and negative effects of the geographic distance and differences in agricultural productivity.
Bio-dielectric based on superconductors yttrium calcium barium copper oxide (YCaBa2Cu3O7−x
) from eggshell as calcium oxide source via sol-gel process
Authors: Toumvong Wipawadee , Chitcharoentaweechoke Pornnita , Tangboriboon Nuchnapa 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Eggshell is a rich source of calcium that is a dielectric material used for doping in a superconductor. Yttrium calcium barium copper oxide (Y
x
Ca1−x
Ba2Cu3O7) was prepared using the sol-gel process and fired at 900 °C or 1,000 °C. The stoichiometric ratio of the raw materials Y2O3:BaCl2:CuO:CaO was 1:2:3:1 based on the molar mass. The obtained YCaBCO had an orthorhombic crystal structure composed of distorted oxygen-deficient perovskite. The orthorhombic structure was unsymmetrical, providing a substantial increase in the physical electromagnetic properties of the superconductor. The YBCO-900-reference analyzed using an impedance analyzer in the range from 500 Hz to (1 × 106) Hz and at room temperature (27 °C) had the following values for capacitance, electrical conductivity, and dielectric constant ± standard error: 8,286.70 ± 28.49 pF, (3.60 ± 0.01) × 107 S/m, and 1,874.794 ± 6.446, respectively. The YCaBCO-900-eggshell (Y
x
Ca1−x
Ba2Cu3O7) analyzed at 500 Hz at room temperature (27 °C) had high values for capacitance, electrical conductivity, and dielectric constant, namely, 8,540.10 ± 2.00 pF, (1.32 ± 0.00) × 108 S/m, and 1,988.540 ± 0.500, respectively. Furthermore, the YCaBCO-900-eggshell had electrical properties (capacitance, conductivity, and dielectric constant values) higher than those of YCaBCO-900-commercial grade measured under the same conditions. The YCaBCO-900-com grade had capacitance of 8,225.75 ± 0.73 pF, electrical conductivity of (1.40 ± 0.01) × 108 S/m, and dielectric constant of 1,874.59 ± 0.17, respectively. Therefore, eggshell is an alternative dielectric material useful for doping in yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO) to form YCaBCO, thus causing an increase in its electrical properties. The obtained superconductor is a candidate that could be applied in many industries.
Validation of the accuracy of geodetic automated measurement system based on GNSS platform for continuous monitoring of surface movements in post-mining areas
Authors: Sokoła-Szewioła Violetta , Siejka Zbigniew 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The problem involving the monitoring of surface ground movements in post-mining areas is particularly important during the period of mine closures. During or after flooding of a mine, mechanical properties of the rock mass may be impaired, and this may trigger subsidence, surface landslides, uplift, sinkholes or seismic activity. It is, therefore, important to examine and select updating methods and plans for long-term monitoring of post-mining areas to mitigate seismic hazards or surface deformation during and after mine closure. The research assumed the implementation of continuous monitoring of surface movements using the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) in the area of a closed hard coal mine ‘Kazimierz-Juliusz’, located in Poland. In order to ensure displacement measurement results with the accuracy of several millimetres, the accuracy of multi-GNSS observations carried out in real time as a combination of four global navigation systems, Global Positioning System (GPS), Globalnaja Navigacionnaja Sputnikova Sistema (GLONASS), Galileo and BeiDou, was determined. The article presents the results of empirical research conducted at four reference points. The test observations were made in variants comprising measurements based on: GPS, GPS and GLONASS systems, GPS, GLONASS and Galileo systems, GPS, GLONASS, Galileo and BeiDou systems. For each adopted solution, daily measurement sessions were performed using the RTK technique. The test results were subjected to accuracy analyses. Based on the obtained results, it was found that GNSS measurements should be carried out with the use of three navigation systems (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo), as an optimal solution for the needs of continuous geodetic monitoring in the area of the study.
Cholangiocarcinoma With Sepsis Associated With Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drainage (PTBD)
Authors: Arfijanto Muhammad Vitanata , Abhiyoga Bayu 
Published: January 2022

Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) can be an alternative palliative treatment in resectable cholangiocarcinoma. One of the most common complications of PTBD is infection, with a prevalence of 3.6 – 67.4% in patients undergoing PTBD procedure, with mortality rate of 0.05-7%. We report a case of a 46-year old male with a history of fever 14 days after undergoing PTBD procedure. Physical examination revealed tachycardia, tachypnea, febris, jaundice, and decreased urine output. Laboratory results revealed hypochromic-microcytic anemia, leukocytosis, decreased renal function, elevated liver enzymes, obstructive icterus, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperkalemia. Blood and gall culture revealed a growth of Eschericia coli. The patient was given fluid resuscitation and antibiotic suitable to microbial sensitivity test, and treatment of acute kidney injury and hyperkalemia, including hemodialysis. The patient’s general condition improved after ten days of care, and was discharged on the twentieth day. Cholangitis is one of the most infectious complications following PTBD procedure. The prevalence of sepsis in biliary drainage procedures was reported 2.5-2.7%, with enteral bacteria gram-negative bacilli being the most common pathogen found in blood and bile. The administration of prophylactic antibiotics was not proven to decrease prevalence of infection. Bacterial translocation via portal vein due to loss of mucosal integrity in the intestines may contribute to bacteremia following PTBD procedure.
The Environment and Forestry Investigators’ Authority in Money Laundering Offenses
Authors: Yanuar Muh. Afdal 
Published: January 2022

Investigators from the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan/ KLHK) are not authorized to investigate the crime of money laundering in the elucidation of Article 74 of Law No. 8 of 2010, although they are authorized to investigate the crime of origin. However, the controversy over the interpretation of Article 74 of the Money Laundering Law was resolved by the Decision of the Constitutional Court Number 15/PUU-XIX/2021, which expands the meaning of 'predicate criminal investigator' in the provisions of Article 74 of the Money Laundering Law to become 'an official or agency authorized by legislation to carry out an investigation.' This paper attempts to describe the dynamics of the authority of KLHK investigators in investigating money laundering offences before and after the pronouncement of the Constitutional Court Decision Number 15/PUU-XIX/2021, including the matter of legal harmonization in the Money Laundering Law relating to the authority to investigate money laundering. This research is normative research with a conceptual approach, a statute approach, and a historical approach. Through this paper, this research can convey that before the Constitutional Court's Decision Number 15/PUU-XIX/2021, KLHK investigators were not authorized to investigate the crime of money laundering, and several legal disharmonies arose regarding the regulation of the authority to investigate money laundering. Meanwhile, after the Decision of the Constitutional Court Number 15/PUU-XIX/2021, all investigators authorized to investigate predicate crimes of money laundering offences, among other things, investigators of the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, are ex officio authorized to investigate money laundering offences. Furthermore, KLHK investigators are authorized to investigate money laundering offences against environmental and forestry crimes whose tempus delicti is before the pronouncement of the Constitutional Court Decision Number 15/PUU-XIX/2021.
Law Enforcement of Corruption Cases Through a Participatory Society as an Effort to Protect Constitutional Rights
Authors: Akmal Diya Ul , Karsa Pipih Ludia , Madda Syafrijal Mughni 
Published: January 2022

A participatory society can play an essential role in the prosecution of corruption cases. By providing information on alleged corruption, a participatory community can assist anti-corruption institutions so that corruption as an extraordinary crime can be eradicated as a means of enforcing people's constitutional rights. The authors attempt to perceive things by defending constitutional rights from a societal standpoint, a right of citizens who have had their rights violated by acts of corruption. The method used in this research is a normative legal method that refers to the norms in the laws and regulations, court decisions, and social society. The data used is secondary data obtained from various sources with appropriate and relevant topics so that it becomes chaotic in discussing related problems. The community's active role in uncovering corruption cases is part of the obligation to break the chain of corruption and fulfil citizens' rights to enforce the law. The amount of budget allocated for disclosing corruption cases is leading the government to protect citizens' constitutional rights from the threat of corruption. Although the handling is still considered unsuccessful because many cases have not been revealed, the efforts made deserve to be recognised.
Legal Comparison against the Death Penalty Sanctions regulated in the Positive Laws of Indonesia and China
Authors: Irdini Kesuma 
Published: January 2022

Corruption is a severe problem worldwide, so it takes a strict rule of law and strong law enforcement efforts to eradicate it. China's legal system has proven to be effective in reducing corruption among state officials. One of China's anti-corruption efforts is to impose harsh penalties on perpetrators, including the death penalty. In light of this success, this study will conduct a legal comparison with the death penalty, which is regulated in Indonesian and Chinese positive law. The type of research used is normative juridical with a conceptual and statute approach. The data processed in this study include primary data and secondary data with data collection techniques and management using a literature review. The findings of this study highlight the threat of the Death Penalty, as outlined in Article 2 Paragraph (2) of the Corruption Crime Act, which focuses on corrupt acts committed under certain conditions. In Indonesia, no one has ever been sentenced to death for corruption. The People's Republic of China's Criminal Law of the death penalty threat has existed since 1900 AD. Article 383 of the Chinese Criminal Code stipulates that anyone who accepts bribes is subject to the death penalty. A significant difference from this Comparison lies in the classification of capital punishment with a corruption amount of more than 50,000 Yuan and for bribery cases in Chinese regulations. Meanwhile, there is no such regulation in Article 2 paragraph (2) of the Indonesian Corruption Laws.
Coordination in the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK)'s Prosecution Tasks Based on Independence Perspective
Authors: Satrio Ndaru , Zainab Nina 
Published: January 2022

Coordination of KPK prosecution duties as stated in Article 12A of Law no. 19 of 2019 amending Law No. 30 of 2002 concerning the Commission for the Eradication of Criminal Acts of Corruption, or Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi (KPK) raises concerns because it creates dependence on other institutions and certainly reduces the independence of the KPK institution. As for some of the problems that need to be known from the existence of this coordination concept, among others: (1) the coordination can be directed towards the form of KPK's subordination to the prosecutor's institution; (2) coordination makes the confidentiality of data held by the KPK not maintained; (3) this coordination is very prone to conflict of interest with the prosecutor's office; (4) this coordination also raises concerns that rotten politics in the resolution of corruption cases may occur. The author uses independence principle analysis. The type of research used in compiling this paper is normative or doctrinal legal research. The research shows that coordination can be done using clear boundaries. First, coordination is still allowed to the extent that it is possible to combine cases that the KPK may not handle. Second, coordination can also be carried out in the event of merging a corruption case that is not the authority of the KPK. Third, the coordination also can be done in the case of the concurrent events. Fourth, the coordination is only related to procedural law.
Satua Rare Angon Terhadap Pengembangan Bahasa Bali Siswa Kelas VII SMP Sathya Sai Denpasar
Authors: Aprianawati Ni Luh 
Published: January 2022

<em><span lang="EN-US">To enter the realm of language in children, it is very interesting when presented with one. The purpose of this study was to determine how the influence of satua Rare Angon on the development of Balinese language in seventh grade students of SMP Sathya Sai Denpasar, most of the children in this school use Indonesian as a social language in carrying out daily conversations both at school and at school. their respective homes. Through satua Rare Angon, children's vocabulary will increase so that their understanding of these satua increases. So that the results of this study contribute that satua Rare Angon supports the development of the Balinese language in class VII students of SMP Sathya Sai Denpasar. </span></em>
SURA MAGADHA: PATRIOTISM AND NATIONALISM OF BANJAR PEOPLE IN THE 1868 BANJAR WAR
Authors: Krishna Ida Bagus Wika 
Published: January 2022

<p><em>This article discusses the conflict between the people of North Bali and Dutch colonialism, especially in Banjar Village, which was known as the Banjar War which took place in 1868. The Balinese resistance war that broke out in various areas became known as puputan, which is a dictionary that means to finish and refers to the meaning that in war, self-respect must include everything, including body and soul. The main cause of this opposition started when the Dutch lowered and replaced the Banjar retainer Ida Made Rai. This research was conducted using historical methods, including heuristics, criticism, synthesis, and historiography. The results of this study found that the resistance was motivated by Dutch politics and intervention to colonize the total area of Bali, especially Buleleng and Banjar Villages. This decision has a logical crisis from the critical attitude of the Banjar people with the crisis at that time. The uniqueness of this prohibition is the critical attitude and methods of clashing as the last resort in their war which gave birth to the ideology of Sura Magadha.</em></p><p> </p>
IDEOLOGICAL STRUGGLE FROM STRATIFICATION OF CATUR WANGSA AND CATUR WARNA IN POETRY GEGURITAN CHANDRA BHAIRAWA
Authors: Wisnu Parta Ida Bagus Made , Suarka I Nyoman , Cika I Wayan , Suastika I Made 
Published: January 2022

<p class="p2">Balinese society has debated on <em>Warna</em>, <em>Kasta </em>(caste), and <em>Wangsa </em>stratification has been going on for a long time because of a lack of understanding about cultural differences. Bali's social stratification is focused on <em>Wangsa</em>. The title inherited the male line. This fits the ancestral scheme, <em>Purusa</em>, or patrilineal. The author is interested in investigating one of Catur Wangsa's issues in the <em>Candra Bhairawa </em>text focused on group polemics about <em>Warna</em>, <em>Kasta </em>(caste), and <em>Wangsa </em>stratification discourse. The issues addressed in this study are how to stratify <em>Catur Wangsa</em>'s duties and responsibilities in <em>Candra Bhairawa </em>text. This study aimed to determine the ideological struggle to stratify <em>Catur Wangsa </em>and <em>Catur Warna </em>in Bali. The method used in this research is to study literature by gathering primary and secondary data. This study results in (1 ) identifying and charting <em>Catur Warna </em>and <em>Catur Warna </em>(2)Duties of <em>Wangsa Brahmana</em>, <em>Wangsa Ksatria</em>, <em>Wangsa Waisya</em>, <em>Wangsa Sudra </em>(3) The <em>Wangsa </em>philosophical conflict in society poses two points of view, notably, the desire to retain the Wangsa and release the Wangsa with several stages of the <em>Diks</em>a Ceremony.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
COLOR NOMENCLATURES IN BALINESE LANGUAGE WITHIN LINGUISTIC ANTHROPOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Lawa Manuaba Ida Bagus Arya 
Published: January 2022

<p class="p2">Balinese language has some unique color nomenclatures. How those colors are categorized into different nomenclatures becomes the first concern of this study. Then, why those nomenclatures are linguistically unique and exist culturally in different ways is the second question. NSM (Natural Semantic Metalanguage) is used both in theory and method. Since some Balinese terms are inexplicable through semantic primes of the NSM, linguistic relativity theory is used to dig descriptive meanings and concepts of those color nomenclatures in Balinese cultural linguistic realm. The study finds that there are four color nomenclatures in Balinese language, and those nomenclatures are different mainly because of religious and historical backgrounds.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
THE SUMMANG SALAK MARRIAGE HELD BY HINDU KAHARINGAN DAYAKS IN SOUTH BARITO
Authors: Derson Derson , Dharman Gunawan I Gede 
Published: January 2022

<span>Marriage is an inner and outer bond between a man and a woman who will get married. It must get permission from both parents. It also happens on </span><em>Summang Salak </em><span>marriage. Along with the development of the era, </span><em>Summang Salak </em><span>is almost extinct and it has never been done again by the Hindu Kaharingan Dayaks of South Barito. It is because this kind of marriage is considered bad and needs to be avoided. In addition, it contradicts traditional and religious norms. </span><em>Summang Salak </em><span>is a marriage that results from being pregnant outside of marriage and they have a very close family lineage. It used to be very popular among Dayaks because they believed that it would have an impact, both on the descendant and on the people around it. There would be penalty for those who violated and made problems. They were fined and carried out some rituals to purify the area so that everyone would be free from obstacles and calamities. There are four things happened if </span><em>Summang Salak </em><span>is carried out without some customary processes and rituals, such as (1) being attacked by </span><em>sarit sampat </em><span>or disease outbreaks, (2) being hit by various disasters, (3) rice fields or agriculture are wiped out by pests on a large scale, resulting in crop failure and (4) fruit crops will not be ripe (</span><em>ore walang</em><span>) properly. </span>
Metafora Konseptual Dalam Cerita Pendek Berbahasa Inggris Di Platform The Short Story: Kajian Semantik Kognitif
Authors: Afiya Fadhila , Mahdic Sutiono , Suryadimulyad R. Agus Suherman 
Published: January 2022

This research intends to clarify the forms of metaphors, conceptual meaning, and image scheme that appear in the five English short stories named The Short Story online platform by applying cognitive semantics. This is a descriptive qualitative research. The whole result of this research is illustrated by words. The theory used in analyzing the metaphors is from Saeed (2009). Besides, the theory for investigating the scheme is from Cruse and Croft (2004). The result of this research is 12 metaphors that have been classified based on their categories. First, five data of conventional metaphors with conceptual meaning such as life choice, darkness, noise, nervousness, and old. Second, four data of systematic metaphors with conceptual meaning such as fearness, compulsion, fire, and waving. Third, two data of asymmetric metaphors with conceptual meaning such as preparation and persistence. The last, one data of abstraction metaphor with conceptual meaning that is hard working. Those data have 4 image schemes, such as force (restraint, compulsion, and counterforce), existence (space, process, object), identity (matching), and unity/multiplicity (merging).