bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
X-box binding protein 1 as a key modulator in “healing endothelial cells”, a novel EC phenotype promoting angiogenesis after MCAO
Authors: Chen Zhuohui , Wang Xiang , Wu Haiyue , Fan Yishu , Yan Zhouyi , Lu Chenxiao , Ouyang Hongfei , Zhang Shiyu , Zhang Mengqi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Endothelial cells (ECs) play an important role in angiogenesis and vascular reconstruction in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke. Previous investigations have provided a profound cerebral vascular atlas under physiological conditions, but have failed to identify new disease-related cell subtypes. We aimed to identify new EC subtypes and determine the key modulator genes.

Methods
Two datasets GSE174574 and GSE137482 were included in the study. Seurat was utilized as the standard quality-control pipeline. UCell was used to calculate single-cell scores to validate cellular identity. Monocle3 and CytoTRACE were utilized in aid of pseudo-time differentiation analysis. CellChat was utilized to infer the intercellular communication pathways. The angiogenesis ability of ECs was validated by MTS, Transwell, tube formation, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence assays in vitro and in vivo. A synchrotron radiation-based propagation contrast imaging was introduced to comprehensively portray cerebral vasculature.

Results
We successfully identified a novel subtype of EC named “healing EC” that highly expressed pan-EC marker and pro-angiogenic genes but lowly expressed all the arteriovenous markers identified in the vascular single-cell atlas. Further analyses showed its high stemness to differentiate into other EC subtypes and potential to modulate inflammation and angiogenesis via excretion of signal molecules. We therefore identified X-box binding protein 1 (Xbp1) as a key modulator in the healing EC phenotype. In vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed its pro-angiogenic roles under both physiological and pathological conditions. Synchrotron radiation-based propagation contrast imaging further proved that Xbp1 could promote angiogenesis and recover normal vasculature conformation, especially in the corpus striatum and prefrontal cortex under middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) condition.

Conclusions
Our study identified a novel disease-related EC subtype that showed high stemness to differentiate into other EC subtypes. The predicted molecule Xbp1 was thus confirmed as a key modulator that can promote angiogenesis and recover normal vasculature conformation.
Right-sided approach to left bundle branch area pacing combined with atrioventricular node ablation in a patient with persistent left superior vena cava and left bundle branch block: a case report
Authors: Prolič Kalinšek Tine , Žižek David 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) is an alternative to right ventricular (RV) and biventricular (BiV) pacing in patients scheduled for pace and ablate treatment strategy. However, current delivery sheaths are designed for left-sided implantation, making the right-sided LBBAP lead implantation challenging.

Case presentation
We report a case of a right-sided LBBAP approach via right subclavian vein in a heart failure patient with a persistent left superior vena cava scheduled for pace and ablate treatment of refractory atrial flutter. To enable adequate lead positioning and support for transseptal screwing, the delivery sheath was manually modified with a 90-degree curve at the right subclavian vein and superior vena cava junction to allow right-sided implantation. The distance between the reshaping point and the presumed septal region was estimated by placing the sheath on the body surface under fluoroscopy. With the reshaping of the delivery sheath, we were able to achieve LBBAP with relatively minimal torque. Radiofrequency ablation of the atrioventricular node was performed the next day and the pacing parameters remained stable in short-term follow-up.

Conclusion
With the modification of currently available tools, LBBAP can be performed with the right-sided approach.
Left atrial strain for predicting recurrence in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation: a single-center two-dimensional speckle tracking retrospective study
Authors: Li Yuanzhi , Li Yidan , Sun Lanlan , Ye Xiaoguang , Cai Qizhe , Zhu Weiwei , Guo Dichen , Ding Xueyan , Wang Jiangtao , Lv Xiuzhang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Although catheter ablation (CA) is an effective treatment for non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF), a good many of patients still have a recurrence following post-operation. Prediction of AF recurrence by evaluating left atrial (LA) phase function with speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) may be helpful for risk stratification and clinical management for AF patients. Therefore, the current study aimed to assess the prognostic value of LA strains in non-valvular AF patients after CA.

Methods
A total of 95 non-valvular AF patients (70.5% paroxysmal AF, 56.8% males, mean age 63.2 ± 9.7 years) were included in this retrospective study between October 2019 and August 2020. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed in all the subjects and STE was used to analyze the LA reservoir strain (LASr), LA conduit strain (LAScd) and LA contractile strain (LASct) during different phases before CA. Patients were followed up with until January 2022. The endpoint was AF recurrence.

Results
Over a median follow-up period of 26.0 months (interquartile range, 24.7–26.7 months), 26 patients experienced recurrence and 69 stayed in sinus rhythm. Compared with no-recurrence group, maximum volume of LA (LAVmax), minimum volume of LA (LAVmin) and LA volume index (LAVI) were increased in the recurrence group, while LAEF, LASr and LASct were worsened (P < 0.05). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that LASct was an independent predictor of AF recurrence (odds ratio, 0.89; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.82–0.97; P = 0.007) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed an area under the curve of LASct<8% was 0.70 (95% CI, 0.59–0.79; P = 0.0008).

Conclusions
LASct was of independent predictive value of AF recurrence. LA function assessed by STE may contribute to the risk stratification for AF patients and selection of suitable patients for CA.
Analysis of risk factors related to extremely and very preterm birth: a retrospective study
Authors: Ji Xiaohong , Wu Chengqian , Chen Min , Wu Lili , Li Ting , Miao Zhijing , Lv Yan , Ding Hongjuan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background:
Preterm birth is one of the main causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality and imposes a heavy burden on families and society. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors and analyze birth conditions and complications of newborns born at < 32 gestational weeks for extremely preterm (EP) and very preterm (VP) birth in the clinic to further extend the gestational period.

Methods:
We performed a retrospective cohort study and collected data from 1598 pregnant women and 1660 premature newborns (excluding 229 premature babies who died due to severe illness and abandonment) admitted to the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University in China from 2016 to 2020. We compared women’s and newborns’ characteristics by t-tests and Chi-square tests for continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to estimate the effects of risk factors on EP and VP birth.

Results:
We identified 3 independent risk factors for EP birth: cervical incompetency (P < 0.001); multiple pregnancy (P < 0.01), primipara (P < 0.001). Additionally, we identified 4 independent risk factors for VP birth: gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (P < 0.05), preterm premature rupture of membrane (PPROM) (P < 0.01), fetal intrauterine distress (P < 0.001), and hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy (HDCP) (P < 0.001). In addition, pairwise comparisons revealed statistically significant differences in the incidence rates of neonatal pneumonia, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and sepsis between the 28–28 + 6 and 29–29 + 6 weeks of gestation groups (P < 0.05). Compared with 28–28 + 6 weeks of gestation, neonatal complications were significantly more common at < 26 weeks of gestation (P < 0.05). The incidence rates of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage(NICH), patent ductus arteriosus(PDA), patent foramen ovale(PFO), pneumonia, BPD and sepsis were significantly higher in the 26–26 + 6 and 27–27 + 6 gestational weeks than in the 28–28 + 6 gestational weeks (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
PPROM, is the most common risk factor for EP and VP birth, and cervical insufficiency, multiple pregnancy, and primipara are independent risk factors for EP birth. Therefore, during pregnancy, attention should be devoted to the risk factors for PPROM, and reproductive tract infection should be actively prevented to reduce the occurrence of PPROM. Identifying the risk factors for cervical insufficiency, actively intervening before pregnancy, and cervical cervix ligation may be considered to reduce the occurrence of EP labor. For iatrogenic preterm birth, the advantages and disadvantages should be carefully weighed, and the gestational period should be extended beyond 28 weeks to enhance the safety of the mother and child and to improve the outcomes of preterm birth.
Perinatal outcomes associated with ICP in twin pregnancies were worse than singletons: an almost 5-year retrospective cohort study
Authors: Xu Tingting , Deng Chunyan , Zhan Yongchi , Hu Qing , Huang Guiqiong , Wang Xing , Guo Bing , Yu Haiyan , Wang Xiaodong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is associated with an increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes leading to high perinatal morbidity and mortality. However, few studies have examined twin pregnancies complicated by ICP. To assess the perinatal outcomes of twin pregnancies with ICP, a retrospective cohort study was conducted.

Methods
A total of 633 twin pregnancies and 1267 singleton pregnancies with ICP were included. In addition, a correlation study was performed on the matched total bile acid (TBA) levels from maternal serum, fetal umbilical venous blood, and amniotic fluid of 33 twin pregnancies from twin groups.

Results
When compared to singletons, twin pregnancies with ICP had a higher risk of cesarean section (CS) (96.4% vs. 76.1%), preterm birth (PTB) (82.6% vs. 19.7%), fetal distress (2.0% vs. 1.3%), and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission (23.6% vs. 5.1%), which was significantly related to increasing TBA levels (P < 0.05). In twin pregnancies with TBA ≥100 μmol/L, the incidences of CS, PTB, fetal distress, neonatal asphyxia, and meconium-stained amniotic fluid were 94.4, 100, 11.1, 5.6, and 36.1%, respectively. Furthermore, the maximum maternal TBA levels were positively correlated with TBA levels in the amniotic fluid (r = 0.61, P < 0.05) and umbilical cord blood (r = 0.44, P < 0.05), and a similar correlation was found for maternal TBA levels at delivery. TBA levels in umbilical cord blood and amniotic fluid also had a significant and positive correlation (r = 0.52, P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Twin pregnancies with ICP had a higher risk for adverse perinatal outcomes than singletons, which was associated with higher TBA levels. TBA can be transported through the placenta and is involved in uterus-placenta-fetal circulation.
The effect of recombinant human epidermal growth factor on radiation dermatitis in rectal and anal cancer patients: a self-controlled study
Authors: Liu Shuai , Wang Yun-Long , Shi Shu-Ting , Zeng Guang-Dong , Song Yi-Wen , Zhang Xiao-Dong , Zheng Jian , Fan Xin-Juan , Liu Yan-Ping 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Our previous study reported that recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF)-triggered EGFR internalization promoted radioresistance. Here, we aimed to evaluate the effect of rhEGF on the skin protection of rectal and anal cancer patients receiving radiotherapy.

Methods
One hundred and ninety-three rectal and anal cancer patients who received radiotherapy were prospectively enrolled from January 2019 to December 2020. To perform self-controlled study, the left and right pelvic skin area (separated by midline) were randomly assigned to the rhEGF and control side. The association between radiation dermatitis and factors including rhEGF, the dose of radiotherapy and tumor distance from anal edge were analyzed.

Results
Among 193 enrolled patients, 41 patients (21.2%) did not develop radiation dermatitis, and 152 patients (78.8%) suffered radiation dermatitis on at least one side of pelvic skin at the end of radiotherapy. For the effect on radiation dermatitis grade, rhEGF had improved effect on 6 (4.0%) patients, detrimental effect on 2 (1.3%) patients, and no effect on 144 (94.7%) patients. Whereas for the effect on radiation dermatitis area, rhEGF showed improved effect on the radiation dermatitis area of 46 (30.2%) patients, detrimental effect on 15 (9.9%) patients, and no effect on 91 (59.9%) patients. The radiation dermatitis area of rhEGF side was significantly smaller than that of control side (P = 0.0007).

Conclusions
rhEGF is a skin protective reagent for rectal and anal cancer patients receiving radiotherapy.

Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry identifier: ChiCTR1900020842; Date of registration: 20/01/2019.
Prevalence of thyroid nodules and characteristics of thyroid ultrasound in children with goiter: a single center experience
Authors: Al Juraibah Fahad , Al Noaim Khalid , AlDbas Abdulaziz , AlMuallimi Ahmed , AlOtaibi Omar , AlShareef Mozon , AlSuhibani Alanoud , AlZaharani Ahmed , AlDubayee Mohammed , Babiker Amir 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Goiter is a common presenting sign of various thyroid diseases in children. Thyroid nodules are clinically and/or radiologically significant findings due to their high malignancy rate. The ultrasound (US) characteristics of pediatric patients with goiter are rarely reported in literature; thus, the purpose of this study is to assess the characteristics of thyroid US and the prevalence of thyroid nodules in pediatric patients with goiter.

Methods
A retrospective review of children and adolescents under the age of 18 (2015–2020) referred for neck ultrasound due to goiter in clinical examination.

Results
A total of 262 patients were included with a mean age of 13.77 ± 3.7 years. Thyroid antibodies were positive in 119/262 (45.4%) patients. Thyroid US reported to be abnormal in 210/262 (80%) patients. Thyroid nodule were found in 33.6% (n = 88/262) of patients with goiter and in 41.9% (n = 88/210) of patients with abnormal thyroid US result. Patients with positive antibodies had more of heterogeneity and hypervascularity of the gland on thyroid US (P < 0.001). On the other hand, thyroid nodules were more likely to be presented in patients with negative thyroid antibodies (P = 0.025). The heterogeneity within the thyroid positive group was significantly correlated with increasing TPOAb (P < 0.001) and TSH levels (P < 0.028). Heterogeneity on US had a positive predictive value (P = 0.041), while hypervascularity had low prediction for thyroid nodules (P = 0.022). Age, gender, family history of thyroid diseases, antibodies status and echogenicity in US did not show any significant associations with thyroid nodules. Papillary thyroid carcinoma was diagnosed in six patients and one of these patients was positive for thyroid antibodies.

Conclusion
Thyroid nodules are quite common in our population. Thyroid nodules were significantly associated with heterogeneity in US. Although, no clinical or biochemical factors could predict the presence of thyroid nodules on thyroid US in our cohort, the absence of thyroid antibodies should lower the threshold for performing thyroid US.
Lost in explanation: internal conflicts in the discourse of ADHD psychoeducation
Authors: van Langen Myrte J. M. , Szőke Rebeka , Rijkelijkhuizen Dominique N. J. , Durston Sarah , van Hulst Branko M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundPsychiatric classifications are understood in many different ways. For children with ADHD and their parents, psychoeducation is an important source of information for shaping their understanding. Moreover, psychoeducation is often taken by children and parents to represent how their story is understood by the therapist. As a result, the way psychoeducation is formulated may affect the therapeutic alliance, one of the most robust mediators of treatment outcome. In addition, psychoeducation may indirectly influence the way we understand psychological differences as a society.MethodsTo better understand how the classification ADHD is given meaning through psychoeducation, we analyzed 41 written psychoeducational materials from four different countries; the USA, UK, Netherlands and Hungary.ResultsWe identified five patterns of how the materials construct the discourse on ADHD. Notably, tension between biomedical and psychosocial perspectives resulted in conflictwithina single thematic stance on ADHD as opposed to a conflictbetweenparties with a different vision on ADHD. There were only few differences between countries in the way they constructed the discourse in the materials.ConclusionsThese conflicts cause confusion, misrepresentation and decontextualization of ADHD. Ultimately, for those diagnosed with ADHD and their parents, conflicting information in psychoeducation materials may hamper their ability to understand themselves in the context of their difficulties.
Hepatitis B, C and human immunodeficiency virus knowledge among the general greek population: results from the Hprolipsis nationwide survey
Authors: Kaskafetou Sylvia , Karakosta Argiro , Sypsa Vana , Kalpourtzi Natasa , Gavana Magda , Vantarakis Apostolos , Rachiotis George , Chlouverakis Grigoris , Trypsianis Grigoris , Voulgari Paraskevi V. , Alamanos Yannis , Papatheodoridis George , Touloumi Giota ,   on behalf of the Hprolipsis study group, Terzidis Agis , Antypas Tzanetos , Psara Christina , Rozenberg Theofilos , Kantzanou Maria 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Although several studies on hepatitis B (HBV), C (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have been conducted in Greece, little is known on the knowledge level of the Greek population towards these three infections. Our aim was to assess the knowledge level of the adult Greek general population about the HBV, HCV and HIV.

Methods
Data were derived from the first general population health survey, Hprolipsis. The sample was selected by multistage stratified random sampling. A standardized questionnaire was administered by trained interviewers during home visits. A knowledge score was constructed based on responses to 17 per infection selected items and categorized in three levels; high (12–17 correct replies) medium (6–11) and low (0–5). Among 8,341 eligible individuals, 6,006 were recruited (response rate: 72%) and 5,878 adults (≥ 18 years) were included in the analysis. The statistical analysis accounted for the study design.

Results
Only 30.4%, 21.6%, and 29.6% of the participants had a high overall knowledge level of HBV, HCV and HIV, respectively. These low percentages were mainly attributed to the high levels of misconception about transmission modes (65.9%, 67.2%, and 67.9%, respectively). Results showed that increasing age and living out of the big metropolitan cities were associated with decreased odds of having higher knowledge. Female gender, higher education level, higher monthly family income, higher medical risk score, history of testing and being born in Greece or Cyprus, were associated with increased odds of having higher knowledge.

Conclusions
There are significant knowledge gaps in the Greek general population regarding modes of transmission, preventive measures and treatment availability for HBV, HCV and HIV. There is an urgent need for large scale but also localized awareness activities targeted to less privileged populations, to fill the gaps in knowledge and increase population engagement in preventive measures.
Constructing and validating an Occupational Mechanical Job Exposure Index based on five Norwegian nationwide Surveys of Living Conditions on work environment
Authors: Hermansen Åsmund , Dahl Espen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The overall aim of this study was to examine essential aspects of reliability and validity of a constructed Occupational Mechanical Job Exposure Index for use in analyses of Norwegian register data.

Methods
We utilized data from the Norwegian nationwide Survey of Living Conditions on work environment in 2006, 2009, 2013, 2016 and 2019. Occupations were classified on a 4-digit level based on the Norwegian version of the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO-88). We constructed a 4-digit correspondence table between the occupational codes used in the 2006 and 2009 surveys (STYRK-98) and the codes used in 2013, 2016 and 2019 (STYRK-08). The mechanical exposures were collected by Statistics Norway using telephone interviews. As for reliability, we examined the agreement between the individual- and the occupational-based mechanical exposures using Cohen’s kappa, sensitivity and specificity measures. Construct, concurrent and predictive validity pertaining to the Occupational Mechanical Job Exposure Index were analysed using both survey data and nationwide register data.

Results
The analysis shows a fair-to-moderate overlap between occupational-based mechanical exposures and the individually reported exposures. Construct validity of the Occupational Mechanical Job Exposure Index, as estimated by a confirmatory factor analysis using the occupational-based mechanical exposures, showed that the 8 exposures formed one underlying factor. When assessing the concurrent value of the Occupational Mechanical Job Exposure Index to the index based on the individual reported exposures, the occupational mechanical index showed lower and reproducible associations with lower back pain for both men and women. For long-term sick leave, the occupational mechanical index showed higher and reproducible associations for both genders. As for predictive validity, the register data analysis shows that the occupational mechanical index was associated with disability and a higher number of long-term sickness benefits periods for both men and women. For men the index also predicted higher mortality.

Conclusion
Our tests of reliability and validity of the Occupational Mechanical Job Exposure Index indicate that the index overall has acceptable statistical properties and will be useful in analyses of Norwegian register data where individual information on these types of exposures is missing.