bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relato de Caso: Avaliação Neuropsicológica após Acidente Vascular Cerebral Agudo
Authors: Santos Ailla Cardoso da Silva , Oliveira Ilena Rafaela Gama de Britto , Santana Tatiana de Vasconcelos Oliveira 
Published: February 2025

O acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) é uma das principais causas de internações e mortalidade no Brasil e no mundo. Este estudo buscou relatar o caso de um paciente, sexo masculino, 44 anos de idade e 8 de escolaridade, hospitalizado em período agudo pós-AVC por lesão isquêmica de artéria cerebral medial de hemisfério esquerdo, encaminhado para avaliação neuropsicológica por apresentar queixas cognitivas e mudança de humor. Para a avaliação, foram utilizados instrumentos como entrevista semiestruturada, testes de avaliação cognitiva, de avaliação do humor e comportamento, assim como de funcionalidade/mobilidade hospitalar. Foram identificados prejuízos em memória declarativa, funções executivas e sintomas ansiosos. Discute-se sobre a relevância da avaliação neuropsicológica em período agudo, por ter valor preditivo do comprometimento cognitivo e possíveis consequências neuropsiquiátricas posteriores. Acredita-se que a neuropsicologia hospitalar possa favorecer o planejamento de reabilitação neuropsicológica precoce. Nota-se a necessidade de mais estudos e instrumentos específicos para a avaliação pós-AVC agudo.
The Effects of Computer Navigation and Patient-Specific Instrumentation on Risk of Revision, PROMs, and Mortality Following Primary TKR
Authors: Farhan-Alanie M.M. , Gallacher D. , Craig P. , Griffin J. , Kozdryk J. , Mason J. , Wall P.D.H. , Wilkinson J.M. , Metcalfe A. , Foguet P. 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Computer navigation and patient-specific instrumentation have been in use over the past 2 decades for total knee replacement (TKR). However, their effects on implant survival and patient-reported outcomes remain under debate. We aimed to investigate their influence on implant survival, outcomes of the Oxford Knee Score (OKS) and health-related quality of life (EQ-5D-3L), intraoperative complications, and postoperative mortality compared with conventional instrumentation, across a real-world population.

Methods:
This observational study used National Joint Registry (NJR) data and included adult patients who underwent primary TKR for osteoarthritis between April 1, 2003, and December 31, 2020. The primary analysis evaluated revision for all causes, and secondary analyses evaluated differences in the OKS and EQ-5D-3L at 6 months postoperatively, and mortality within 1 year postoperatively. Weights based on propensity scores were generated, accounting for several covariates. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess revision and mortality outcomes. Generalized linear models were used to evaluate differences in the OKS and EQ-5D-3L. Effective sample sizes were computed and represent the statistical power comparable with an unweighted sample.

Results:
Compared to conventional instrumentation, the hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause revision following TKR performed using computer navigation and patient-specific instrumentation were 0.937 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.860 to 1.021; p = 0.136; effective sample size [ESS] = 91,607) and 0.960 (95% CI, 0.735 to 1.252; p = 0.761; ESS = 13,297), respectively. No differences were observed in the OKS and EQ-5D-3L between conventional and computer-navigated TKR (OKS, −0.134 [95% CI, −0.331 to 0.063]; p = 0.183; ESS = 29,135; and EQ-5D-3L, 0.000 [95% CI, −0.005 to 0.005]; p = 0.929; ESS = 28,396) and between conventional TKR and TKR with patient-specific instrumentation (OKS, 0.363 [95% CI, −0.104 to 0.830]; p = 0.127; ESS = 4,412; and EQ-5D-3L, 0.004 [95% CI, −0.009 to 0.018]; p = 0.511; ESS = 4,285). Mortality within 1 year postoperatively was similar between conventional instrumentation and either computer navigation or patient-specific instrumentation (HR, 1.020 [95% CI, 0.989 to 1.052]; p = 0.212; ESS = 110,125).

Conclusions:
On the basis of this large registry study, we conclude that computer navigation and patient-specific instrumentation have no statistically or clinically meaningful effect on the risk of revision, patient-reported outcomes, or mortality following primary TKR.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Floodplain topography and avulsion pathfinding control stratigraphic architecture in a numerical model of a fluvial fan
Authors: Sifuentes Caitlin , Martin Harrison K. , Straub Kyle M. , Hajek Elizabeth A. , Edmonds Douglas A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
Buried channel sand bodies are important reservoirs of subsurface water and energy resources, but their arrangement and interconnectedness are difficult to predict. The dominant process that distributes channels and their sediments in alluvial basins is river avulsion, which occurs when a channel seeks a new location on the adjacent floodplain. Floodplain sedimentation, incision, and channel levee growth influence channel pathfinding during avulsion, and should control key aspects of the stratigraphic arrangement of channel bodies, including compensational (spatially and temporally even) deposition, stratigraphic completeness, and facies distributions; however, this impact has been difficult to isolate in natural and experimental basin fills. To test how different avulsion pathfinding parameters influence stratigraphic architecture, we use a numerical model of a fluvial fan to produce synthetic fluvial stratigraphy under seven different runs with progressively more complex channel pathfinding rules. In the simplest models where pathfinding is set by a random walk, the channel rapidly changes position and avulsions spread across the fan surface. The corresponding deposit is dominated by channel facies, is relatively incomplete, and the compensation timescale is short. As rules for pathfinding become more complex and channels can be attracted or repulsed by pre-existing channels, lobe switching emerges. Deposits become more diverse with a mix of channel and floodplain facies, stratigraphic completeness increases, and the compensation timescale lengthens. Previous work suggests that the compensation timescale is related to the burial timescale and relief across the depositional surface, yet we find that compensation approaches the burial timescale only for model runs with high morphodynamic complexity and relatively long topographic memory. Our results imply that in simple systems with limited degrees of freedom, the compensation timescale may become detached from the burial timescale, with uniform sedimentation occurring quickly relative to long burial timescales.
­­Evaluating blood sampling strategies within the SIREN study: the experience from a large cohort of healthcare workers in the UK
Authors: Hettiarachchi Nipunadi , Blick Debbie , Coleman Tom , Otter Ashley , Dunne Angela , Khawan Jameel , Linley Ezra , Cole Michelle , Cairns Michelle , Islam Jasmin , Foulkes Sarah , Hopkins Susan , Hall Victoria , Atti Ana 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Delivering research studies that require a large number of samples to monitor specific populations is complex, often resulting in high costs and intricate logistics. We aim to describe the processes for blood sample collection and management and evaluate alternative sampling methods within a large cohort of healthcare workers in the UK (the SIREN study).
Methods
We conducted a process evaluation. First, we described blood sample collection and management across different study periods from June 2020 to March 2024 and how these evolved over time. Secondly, we compared alternative methods of blood sampling: venous phlebotomy (hospital-based) vs. capillary sampling (at-home).
Results
The main challenges with blood sampling within SIREN stemmed from the scale and use of decentralised phlebotomy across 135 hospital sites during the COVID-19 pandemic. We adapted our sampling processes as the study progressed, overcoming most of these challenges. When comparing hospital-based and at-home sampling, overall, return rates of samples taken at home were higher than site- based samples (80% vs 71%, respectively). At-home samples took less time to be returned to UKHSA Laboratory for testing compared to hospital-based samples (median 2 days; interquartile (IQ) 2-3) vs 6 days; IQ 3-8). However, at-home samples were more likely to be considered void (4%) when tested compared to hospital-based samples (0%). Cost for hospital-based sampling was almost 3-times higher than at-home sampling (£34.05 vs £11.50, respectively), however larger sample volumes were obtained via hospital-based sampling when compared to at-home sampling (8 ml vs 600 µl of whole blood).
Conclusions
Sample collection and management in large scale research studies are complex. Our results support at-home blood sampling as an effective and cheaper strategy when compared to hospital-based phlebotomy and therefore should be considered as alternative sampling method for future research.
Trial registration number: ISRCTN11041050 - registration date 12/01/2021.
Compact Broadband Left-Hand Circularly Polarized high-performance MIMO BDRA for indoor WLAN/ IoT and Smart Device Applications
Authors: Kethavathu Srinivasa Naik , Singam Aruna , Dwarapu Lakshmi Narayana 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

This article specifically designs a two-element, left-hand circularly polarized (LHCP) MIMO bowtie dielectric resonator antenna (BDRA) for indoor WLAN/IoT and smart device applications. Two asymmetrical radiators are positioned orthogonally. A microstrip line feeds an asymmetrical cross-shaped slot at the center of the DRA. To minimize stray radiation from the feeder, the ground plane is positioned directly beneath the bowtie, while the microstrip line feeder is placed on the opposite side of the substrate. The single bowtie DRA demonstrates an impedance bandwidth of 28.15% across the frequency range of 4.15 GHz to 5.51 GHz. additionally; it exhibits a 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth of 25.64% within the range of 4.25 GHz to 5.5 GHz, maintaining over 90% efficiency throughout the operating band. The suggested two-element MIMO bowtie DRA has an impedance bandwidth of 28.15%, an axial ratio bandwidth of 25.64%, and more than 25 dB of isolation between the elements. Additionally, it exhibits a diversity performance characterized by an envelope correlation coefficient of < 0.001 and a diversity gain > 9.99. The proposed antenna prototype has been fabricated and subjected to experimental testing. The simulated and measured results demonstrate good agreement with one another.
pathoDISCO-HE: Towards light sheet microscopy enabled volumetric histopathology of human gliomas
Authors: Oakes-Klein James , Saghafi Saiedeh , Roetzer-Pejrimovsky Thomas , Fuchssteiner Christoph , Grin Katherina , Kiesel Barbara , Körner Lisa , Wöhrer Adelheid , Widhalm Georg , Dodt Hans-Ulrich 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Histopathological assessment of human tumours relies heavily upon traditional slide-based techniques such as H&E staining and immunohistochemistry. Whilst providing excellent resolution, traditional histological techniques require destruction of the specimen and do not provide details of three-dimensional tissue architecture. Glioblastomas are amongst the most spatially heterogeneous of human tumours, making them a prime target for the growing field of volumetric histopathology. Tissue clearing and light sheet microscopy are complementary technologies allowing high-resolution volumetric imaging of biological specimens. In this study we aimed to explore the possibility of using these techniques as tools for volumetric histopathology of human gliomas. Starting with the previously published pathoDISCO protocol, we added pigment bleaching and fluorescent nuclear labelling stages to develop a protocol capable of clearing glioma specimens up to several millimetres thick within a few days. Using cresyl violet as a nuclear label and autofluorescence as an eosin analogue we were able to produce realistic “virtual H&E” images using a simple image post-processing pipeline. Virtual H&E images accurately represented several key pathological features of gliomas including necrosis, hypercellularity, microvascular proliferations and glomeruloid and garland vascular structures. The virtual H&E images can be viewed three dimensionally with only limited loss of resolution in z-projections. The volumetric imaging data could also be visualised by maximum intensity projection, allowing tracing of vascular structures throughout the tissue and identification of discrete zones of differing cellular or vascular density. Finally, we showed that our virtual H&E protocol is reversible and post-hoc traditional histology can be applied if necessary. Overall, our study represents a novel contribution to the palette of volumetric histopathology techniques which may eventually allow more accurate and detailed characterisation of human tumours, thus facilitating more accurate diagnosis and prognosis and selection of the most effective personalised therapies, potentially improving patient outcomes.
Human Bocavirus as a Contributor to Respiratory Disease in Lagos, Nigeria: A Hospital-Based Study
Authors: ANJORIN Abdul-Azeez A. , ASHAKA Oluwaseyi S. , EYEDO Joseph , ABDULKAREEM Abdulrauf O. , BALOGUN Taofeeq A. , SALAMI Zainab B. , Akinyemi Kabiru 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Human Bocavirus (HBoV) is a single-stranded DNA virus from the Parvoviridae family that is associated with respiratory and gastrointestinal infections. The prevalence and impact of the HBoV in Lagos, Nigeria, particularly across all age groups, remain underexplored.
Aim
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of HBoV among individuals with respiratory symptoms in Lagos, Nigeria, and its association with respiratory disease.
Methods
A hospital-based, cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2022 to May 2023 in Lagos. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from 400 participants presenting with respiratory symptoms across diverse age groups. The samples were analysed for HBoV DNA using real-time PCR. Demographic and clinical data were recorded, and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS.
Results
The overall prevalence of HBoV was 12.5% (57/400), with a higher prevalence in participants aged 21–30 years (24.6%) than in those aged ≤ 10 years (8.4%). The participants diagnosed with respiratory disease had a significantly greater prevalence of HBoV (20.3%) compared to those without respiratory disease (8.4%) (χ²=11.69, p = 0.0006). Fever and runny nose were the most common symptoms among HBoV-positive participants, regardless of respiratory disease status.
Conclusions
HBoV is prevalent in Lagos and contributes significantly to respiratory illnesses across all age groups, with the highest burden observed in young adults. These findings underscore the need for further research on the clinical implications of HBoV and its potential for nosocomial transmission in healthcare settings.
Trial registration:
Not applicable.
Artificial Intelligence-Driven Comparison of Platelet-Rich Plasma and Hyaluronic Acid Efficacy in Knee Osteoarthritis Treatment: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Wang Chengjing , Hu Yaowen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
Despite the widespread use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and hyaluronic acid (HA) in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) management, their comparative efficacy remains controversial. This study aimed to systematically evaluate their therapeutic effects through artificial intelligence-based analysis of clinical and molecular outcomes.
Methods:
In this prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled trial, 140 patients with KOA were randomly assigned to receive either PRP (n = 70) or HA (n = 70) treatment. Clinical assessments included WOMAC, KOOS, and VAS scores, while molecular evaluation focused on inflammatory biomarkers (IL-1β, TNF-α, hs-CRP). A deep learning model was developed to predict treatment outcomes and identify key predictive factors. Primary outcomes were assessed at baseline, 2, 6, and 12 months post-treatment.
Results:
PRP demonstrated superior therapeutic efficacy across multiple parameters. At 12-month follow-up, the PRP group showed significantly greater improvements in pain reduction (SMD = 0.82; 95% CI: 0.45–1.19; P < 0.001) and inflammatory marker suppression (IL-1β reduction: 51.2%, P < 0.001) compared to the HA group. The artificial intelligence model achieved exceptional predictive performance (AUC = 1.000) in treatment outcome prediction. IL-1β emerged as the strongest predictor of treatment response (SHAP value: 0.185, P < 0.001), followed by WOMAC scores (0.175, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed optimal model performance in patients under 60 years (accuracy: 90.5%, 95% CI: 88.2%-92.8%).
Discussion:
Our findings extend beyond previous studies by demonstrating PRP's superior efficacy through both clinical and molecular evidence. The marked reduction in inflammatory markers, particularly IL-1β, suggests that PRP's therapeutic mechanism involves significant immunomodulation. The developed AI model's exceptional predictive accuracy offers a promising tool for treatment optimization, while the identification of key predictive biomarkers provides new insights into patient stratification. The enhanced efficacy in younger patients and those with moderate disease severity suggests optimal timing for PRP intervention, though the slightly lower prediction accuracy in severe cases indicates the need for careful patient selection.
Conclusions:
This study provides robust evidence for PRP's superior efficacy in KOA treatment through comprehensive clinical and molecular analyses. The developed artificial intelligence model demonstrates remarkable potential for personalizing treatment selection, with inflammatory markers serving as key predictive indicators. These findings advance the field of personalized medicine in osteoarticular diseases by establishing a framework for precision treatment planning.
Spatiotemporal Coordination of Active Deformation Forces and Wnt / Hippo-Yap Signalling in Hydra Regeneration
Authors: Tanaka Motomu , Suzuki Ryo , Hiraiwa Tetsuya , Tursch Anja , Hoeger Stefanie , Hayashi Kentaro , Özbek Suat , Holstein Thomas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

There is substantial evidence that Wnt signalling and tissue deformation are key determinants of pattern formation in animals. The coordination of these biochemical and biomechanical spatiotemporal asymmetries is often unknown or controversial. We investigated this relationship by studying regeneration in the freshwater polyp Hydra. In both, reaggregates of dissociated cells and regenerated tissues, we found significant waves of tissue contraction and upregulation of Wnt signalling. Applying a simple mechanical model to the mode analysis of the active deformations, we quantitatively defined the phase reversal of size change and axial deformation in these oscillations as the time point of “biomechanical” body axis formation. Furthermore, modulation of canonical Wnt signalling shifted the timing of this phase reversal. Direct comparison with RNAseq data indicates that “biomechanical” body axis formation occurs only after upregulation of canonical Wnt signalling. Further data suggest that biochemical signalling and mechanical forces synergistically stabilize the body axis and thus subsequent head formation by Hippo-Yap signalling. The bilateral symmetry-breaking mechanism identified here in Hydra most likely represents an evolutionary conserved patterning module from early metazoans to bilaterians.
The Impact of Worldviews on Behavioral Health Providers Descriptions of Moral Injury: A Qualitative Exploratory Multiple Case Study
Authors: Lane Mark C. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Humans are holistic beings. Moral Injury (MI) creates holistic distress. There is limited standardization in MI constructs, assessments, and treatments. Current care for MI often limits spiritual integration. AIMS- The purpose of this qualitative exploratory multiple case study was to explore how military behavioral health providers’ worldview influenced their description of the construct of MI, the morbidity of MI, and how these providers chose to treat clients they perceived to be suffering through the effects of MI.
METHODS
Eight Department of Defense or Veterans Affairs affiliated behavioral health providers completed a worldview assessment, prompted journal responses, and semi-structured interviews to understand how their worldview impacts their descriptions of MI constructs, morbidity, and treatment decisions. I analyzed the data through postpositivist beliefs utilizing Codebook Template Analysis.
RESULTS
Participants’ worldviews influenced how they described MI as a construct, what they assessed as MI morbidity, and how they chose to treat it.
CONCLUSIONS
More studies are needed to explore MI’s spiritual dimensions and effects. Assessment and treatment should include all stakeholders’ methodologies. Treatment for MI should include care from providers for the body (medical doctors), soul (chaplains), and mind (behavioral health providers).
Influence of artificial fibers and Corn Cob Ash on the durability properties of High Performance Concrete
Authors: Mohan Subahar , P Ponkarthikeyan , D Velumani , N Jegandurai 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

In the present study, durability characteristics such as abrasion resistance, electrical resistivity, rapid chloride penetration test, drying shrinkage, water absorption, water penetration, fire resistance and chemical resistance of High Performance Concrete (HPC) containing Corn Cob Ash (CCA) and artificial fibers have been investigated. The CCA was added in different contents of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25% by weight of cement. The Polypropylene (PP) and Polystyrene fiber (PS) were added 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 % by weight of binders. The chemical attack test was conducted for HPC specimens with 90 days of exposure in 6 mediums; hydrochloric acid (10% HCl), sulfuric acid (10% H2SO4), magnesium chloride (10% MgCl2), sodium chloride (10% NaCl), magnesium sulfate (10% MgSO4), and sodium sulfate (10% Na2SO4). Results revealed that the inclusion of 15 wt % CCA was found to be economical dosage for HPC. However, above 15% of CCA replacement was unable to attain close enough values to control concrete. The results revealed that 15% of CCA with 0.4% of artificial fibers were showed better results in abrasion resistance, electrical resistivity, rapid chloride penetration, water absorption, water penetration, fire resistance and chemical resistance of HPC, compared to control mix without CCA and fibers.