bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of blood pressure and hypertension between parents and offspring: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Jang Seoyun , Kim Susan Taejung , Kim Yun-Kyung , Song Young Hwan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAs the number of hypertension cases in the pediatric population is growing, we aimed to investigate the parent-offspring association of hypertension in Korea. We performed a cross-sectional analysis using the data of children and adolescents aged 10–18 years and their parents extracted from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2008–2018). We analyzed the correlation of blood pressure (BP) between offspring and their parents and investigated the odds ratio (OR) of having hypertension in offspring based on parental hypertensive status. A total of 3996 children and adolescents (2224 boys and 1772 girls) aged 10–18 years and their parents (3197 fathers and 3197 mothers) were evaluated. Both boys and girls had positive associations with both parents for systolic and diastolic BP. When neither parent, only the father, only the mother, or both parents were hypertensive, 6.6%, 10.4%, 13.3%, and 25.3% of boys and 6%, 12%, 12.7%, and 22.1% of girls had hypertension, respectively. The risk of having hypertension among offspring was approximately two times higher when one parent was hypertensive and over four times higher when both parents were hypertensive compared to that among controls whose parents were not hypertensive (OR: 2.230, 1.655, and 5.021 in boys with hypertension and 2.321, 2.169, and 4.554 in girls with hypertension in the mother only, the father only, and both parents, respectively). We identified familial aggregation of hypertension in Korea. As there was an increased likelihood of having hypertension in children with parental hypertension, parental hypertension may be utilized as a screening tool for hypertension in children.
Implementation of portable head CT imaging in patients with severe acute brain injury in a French ICU: a prospective before–after design pilot study
Authors: Yoann Launey , Clément Mycinski , François Eugène , Elise Bellec , Hubert Serpolay , Jean-Christophe Ferré , Philippe Seguin , Jean-Yves Gauvrit 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHead-CT-scanning is a cornerstone procedure during the management of patients admitted for acute brain injury (ABI) in intensive care unit (ICU). But intrahospital transfer for these procedure is known to increase the rate of severe adverse events potentially worsening the brain injuries. Portable head-CT (pCTH) may facilitate pCTH performance in safer conditions for the patients avoiding transfer out of the ICU. To evaluate the safety and the time duration required to use a portable head CT (pCTH) scanner in the intensive care unit (ICU) in the French healthcare system in ICU patients admitted for acute brain injury, we prospectively included all ICU-patients admitted for severe ABI over a 2-year period following before–after design. As the main outcome, we compared the time required to perform a scan with pCTH to that with conventional head CT (cCTH) and reported adverse events and reactions. In total, forty-six patients were included and finally, 41 patients were analyzed (21 in the pCTH group and 20 in the cCTH group). The median (interquartile) time required to perform a scan with pCTH was 28 (23–48) minutes compared to 30 (25–36) minutes with cCTH (p = 0.825). The duration time required to perform a pCTH was similar to that with cCTH in an ICU of the French healthcare system without significant difference in adverse events reactions.
Disturbed, diffuse, or just missing?
Authors: Jones M. G. , Verdes-Montenegro L. , Moldon J. , Damas Segovia A. , Borthakur S. , Luna S. , Yun M. , del Olmo A. , Perea J. , Cannon J. , Lopez Gutierrez D. , Cluver M. , Garrido J. , Sanchez S. 
Published: December 2022

Context. Hickson compact groups (HCGs) are dense configurations of four to ten galaxies, whose H I morphology appears to follow an evolutionary sequence of three phases, with gas initially confined to galaxies, then significant amounts spread throughout the intra-group medium, and finally with almost no gas remaining in the galaxies themselves. It has also been suggested that several groups may harbour a diffuse H I component that is resolved out by interferometric observations.
Aims. The H I deficiency of HCGs is expected to increase as the H I morphological phase progresses along the evolutionary sequence. If this is the case, H I deficiency would be a rough proxy for the age and evolutionary state of a HCG. We aim to test this hypothesis for the first time using a large sample of HCGs and to investigate the evidence for diffuse H I in HCGs.
Methods. We performed a uniform reduction of all publicly available VLA H I observations (38 HCGs) with a purpose-built pipeline that also maximises the reproducibility of this study. The resulting H I data cubes were then analysed with the latest software tools to perform a manual separation of emission features into those belonging to galaxies and those extending into the intra-group medium. We thereby classified the H I morphological phase of each group as well as quantified their H I deficiency compared to galaxies in isolation.
Results. We find little evidence that H I deficiency can be used as a proxy for the evolutionary phase of a compact group in either of the first two phases, with the distribution of H I deficiency being consistent in both. However, for the final phase, the distribution clearly shifts to high H I deficiencies, with more than 90% of the expected H I content typically missing. Across all HCGs studied, we identify a few cases where there is strong evidence for a diffuse gas component in the intra-group medium, which might be detectable with improved observations. We also classify a new sub-phase where groups contain a lone H I-bearing galaxy, but are otherwise devoid of gas.
Conclusions. The new morphological phase we have identified is likely the result of an evolved, gas-poor group acquiring a new, gas-rich member. The large spread of H I deficiencies in the first two morphological phases suggests that there is a broad range of initial H I content in HCGs, which is perhaps influenced by large-scale environment, and that the timescale for morphological changes is, in general, considerably shorter than the timescale for the destruction or consumption of neutral gas in these systems.
Tau-PET Bildgebung der Bewegungsstörungen
Authors: Beyer Leonie , Brendel Matthias 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungInnerhalb der Bewegungsstörungen bilden die Tauopathien eine heterogene Gruppe
neurodegenerativer Erkrankungen ab, zu denen die Progressive supranukläre Blickparese (PSP)
und die kortikobasale Degeneration (CBD) zählen. Seit mehr als 10 Jahren werden
tau-spezifische Radiotracer zur Verwendung mittels Positronen-Emissions-Tomografie (PET)
entwickelt. Während Tau-PET-Radioliganden der ersten Generation nur einen moderaten Nutzen bei
der Detektion der Bewegungsstörungen mit Tau Pathologie belegen konnten, zeigten
weiterentwickelte Tau-PET-Radioliganden ein größeres Potenzial für die Differenzialdiagnostik.
Zukünftig könnte die Tau-PET bei Bewegungsstörungen zum Screening bei gegen Tau gerichteten
Therapiestudien dienen.
Update Amyloid-Bildgebung in der Diagnostik der Neurodegeneration
Authors: Drzezga Alexander , Giehl Kathrin 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Amyloid-PET Bildgebung stellt ein modernes, zugelassenes Verfahren der molekularen
Bildgebung dar, welches den Nachweis der für die Alzheimer-Erkrankung (AE) typischen
Amyloid-Plaque-Ablagerungen im Gehirn in vivo ermöglicht. Diese
Methode hat erstmals die Möglichkeit eröffnet, neurodegenerative Erkrankungen durch den
direkten nicht invasiven Nachweis oder Ausschluss einer spezifischen Neuropathologie
ätiologisch diagnostisch näher einzuordnen. Ein positiver Amyloid-Scan kann auf das Vorliegen
einer für die AE typischen Pathologie hinweisen, ist aber nicht gleichbedeutend mit der
Diagnose einer Demenz. Ein negativer Amyloid-Scan macht das Vorliegen einer ablaufenden AE
dagegen sehr unwahrscheinlich. Das bildgebende Verfahren ist dabei alleine nicht ausreichend
für eine Diagnosestellung, sondern muss im Kontext mit der klinisch/neuropsychologischen
Information interpretiert werden. Die Amyloid-Bildgebung kann das Vorliegen von
Amyloid-Ablagerungen schon in frühen Erkrankungsstadien, wie bei der leichten kognitiven
Störung, visualisieren und damit auch von prognostischem Nutzen sein. Differenzialdiagnostisch
kann die Amyloid-Bildgebung einerseits symptomatisch atypische Erscheinungsformen der AE
identifizieren und andererseits auch klinisch fälschlich als Alzheimer-Demenz imponierende
Erkrankungen anderer Ursache ausschließen. Einen klaren Stellenwert hat die Amyloid-Bildgebung
darüber hinaus als Einschlusskriterium für neue Therapieverfahren, die sich gegen die
Amyloid-Ablagerungen richten.
Update diagnostische Bildgebung des dopaminergen Systems
Authors: Tatsch Klaus 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Arbeit gibt ein Update zu dem Einsatz der SPECT- und PET-Bildgebung des prä- und
postsynaptischen dopaminergen Systems bei klinisch wichtigen Bewegungsstörungen. Die typischen
Untersuchungsbefunde bei neurodegenerativen Parkinson-Syndromen (idiopathisch und
nicht-idiopathisch), symptomatischen Parkinson-Syndromen und wichtigen Differentialdiagnosen
werden beschrieben. Es wird auf den klinisch praktischen Stellenwert der Methoden eingegangen,
deren diagnostische Aussagekraft und Limitationen bewertet, das Thema standardisierter
Auswertungen angesprochen und auf die in Leitlinien festgehaltenen Einsatzbereiche Bezug
genommen.
Editorial
Authors: Jung B.A. 
Published: December 2022

Sehr geehrte Kolleginnen und Kollegen!In dieser Ausgabe fokussieren wir schwerpunktmäßig die Themen CMD und
Kieferorthopädie, lebensbezogene Lebensqualität von Kindern und
Jugendlichen sowie das Extraktionsmanagement und die Behandlung von MIH-betroffenen
Zähnen. Dazu stellen renommierte Kollegen aus dem klinischen und
universitären Umfeld aktuelle Beiträge exklusiv für diese
Ausgabe zur Verfügung. Zusätzlich werden die Beiträge durch
das Thema CAD/CAM ergänzt, das für die Praxis wertvolle
Einblicke in den digitalen Workflow von der Planung bis zur Fertigstellung
metallischer kieferorthopädischer Apparaturen liefert. Aber auch den
praktischen Kollegen möchten wir in dieser Ausgabe die Möglichkeit
bieten, spannende Kasuistiken der Leserschaft vorzustellen.
Lückenschluss nach Extraktion von Sechsjahrmolaren mit
Molaren-Inzisiven-Hypomineralisation unterstützt durch das
myofunktionell-kieferorthopädische Therapiekonzept
„mykie“ – Ein Fallbericht
Authors: Bulski Julia Camilla , Schulz-Weidner Nelly , Freudenberg Andrea 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Molaren-Inzisiven-Hypomineralisation (MIH) stellt den behandelnden Zahnarzt
und Kieferorthopäden vor schwierige Therapieentscheidungen. Einerseits
stellt der Zahnerhalt die höchste Priorität dar, ist aber bei
einer großflächigen Zerstörung des Zahnes, oft begleitet
mit ausgeprägten Hypersensitivitäten, nicht immer zu
gewährleisten. Der vorliegende Patientenfall skizziert einen
Therapieansatz, bei dem die vier Sechsjahrmolaren aufgrund von MIH sehr
frühzeitig im Alter von 8,9 Jahren extrahiert wurden. Der hier
durchgeführte Lückenschluss wurde mit dem kombiniert
myofunktionell-kieferorthopädischen Behandlungskonzept mykie (=
myofunktionelle Kieferorthopädie) unterstützt.
Space Closure After Extraction of Permanent First Molars with molar incisor
hypomineralization Supported by the Myofunctional-Orthodontic Therapy
Concept mykie – A Case Report
Laboratory Testing for Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia and Vaccine-Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia Antibodies: A Narrative Review
Authors: Warkentin Theodore E. , Greinacher Andreas 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHeparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) and vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) are highly prothrombotic (thrombosis frequency ≥50%). Both are caused by platelet-activating anti-platelet factor 4 (PF4) antibodies, forming PF4/IgG-containing immune complexes that engage platelet FcγIIa receptors, producing strong platelet activation. In HIT, heparin crosslinks several PF4 molecules, whereas in VITT, anti-PF4 antibodies alone crosslink PF4. Sufficient levels of circulating anti-PF4 antibodies are needed to create the pathogenic immune complexes on platelet surfaces; this explains why certain serum (plasma)-based assays are highly sensitive for detecting HIT/VITT antibodies. Accordingly, HIT and VITT are “clinical-pathological” disorders, that is, positive testing for such antibodies—together with a compatible clinical picture—is integral for diagnosis. Heparin (low concentrations) enhances HIT antibody-induced platelet activation, but platelet activation by VITT sera is usually inhibited by heparin. For both HIT and VITT, high sensitivity (>99% and >95%, respectively) characterizes PF4-dependent enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) and PF4-enhanced platelet activation assays; in contrast, certain rapid immunoassays have high sensitivity for HIT (>90-97%) but poor sensitivity (<25%) for VITT. HIT and VITT antibodies are directed at distinct sites on PF4: solid-phase EIAs and platelet activation assays are indifferent to these distinct antigen targets, but rapid immunoassays are not. We discuss a conceptual model where PF4 is viewed as a “globe,” with the heparin-binding site the “equator”; in this model, HIT antibodies are primarily directed at antigen site(s) at the north and south “poles” of PF4 (formed when PF4 binds to heparin), whereas VITT antibodies recognize sites on the equator.
Structure of diopside, enstatite, and magnesium aluminosilicate glasses: A joint approach using neutron and x-ray diffraction and solid-state NMR
Authors: Mohammadi Hesameddin , Mendes Da Silva Rita , Zeidler Anita , Gammond Lawrence V. D. , Gehlhaar Florian , de Oliveira Marcos , Damasceno Hugo , Eckert Hellmut , Youngman Randall E. , Aitken Bruce G. , Fischer Henry E. , Kohlmann Holger , Cormier Laurent , Benmore Chris J. , Salmon Philip S. 
Published: December 2022

Neutron diffraction with magnesium isotope substitution, high energy x-ray diffraction, and 29Si, 27Al, and 25Mg solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were used to measure the structure of glassy diopside (CaMgSi2O6), enstatite (MgSiO3), and four (MgO)x(Al2O3)y(SiO2)1−x−y glasses, with x = 0.375 or 0.25 along the 50 mol. % silica tie-line (1 − x − y = 0.5) or with x = 0.3 or 0.2 along the 60 mol. % silica tie-line (1 − x − y = 0.6). The bound coherent neutron scattering length of the isotope 25Mg was remeasured, and the value of 3.720(12) fm was obtained from a Rietveld refinement of the powder diffraction patterns measured for crystalline 25MgO. The diffraction results for the glasses show a broad asymmetric distribution of Mg–O nearest-neighbors with a coordination number of 4.40(4) and 4.46(4) for the diopside and enstatite glasses, respectively. As magnesia is replaced by alumina along a tie-line with 50 or 60 mol. % silica, the Mg–O coordination number increases with the weighted bond distance as less Mg2+ ions adopt a network-modifying role and more of these ions adopt a predominantly charge-compensating role. 25Mg magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR results could not resolve the different coordination environments of Mg2+ under the employed field strength (14.1 T) and spinning rate (20 kHz). The results emphasize the power of neutron diffraction with isotope substitution to provide unambiguous site-specific information on the coordination environment of magnesium in disordered materials.
Validation and genetic characterisation of a seed weight quantitative trait locus, qSW17.1, in progenies of cultivated and wild soybean
Authors: Liu Dequan , Park Cheolwoo , Wang Qingyu , Xu Donghe 
Published: December 2022

Context Seed weight is an important agronomic trait for determining yield and appearance quality of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). Understanding the genetic basis of seed weight might lead to improvement of these traits in soybean by optimising different genes or alleles controlling seed weight. Aims A major quantitative trait locus (QTL) for seed weight, qSW17.1, was identified previously. In this study, we used progenies of cultivated soybean and wild soybean (Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc.) for further validation and characterisation of qSW17.1. Methods A BC4F2 population, a heterogeneous inbred family (HIF) population, and a pair of qSW17.1 near-isogenic lines (NILs) developed from progenies of a cross between cultivated soybean variety Jackson and wild soybean accession JWS156-1 were cultivated under field conditions. QTL analysis and candidate gene mining were conducted. Key results A QTL corresponding to qSW17.1, which explained 19.84% and 31.71% of the total phenotypic variance in BC4F2 and HIF populations, respectively, was detected. The NIL with the cultivated soybean allele showed higher shoot biomass than the NIL with the wild soybean allele under hydroponic growth conditions, suggesting that the large-seed-size allele of qSW17.1 might be beneficial in soybean seedling establishment. qSW17.1 was delimited to a physical interval of 2515 kb on chromosome 17. Glyma.17G108500 showed a large (~3.27-fold) difference in expression between the two NILs, and was considered a candidate gene underlying qSW17.1. Implications Our results provide valuable information regarding the genetic basis of seed weight control in soybean and its utilisation in soybean molecular breeding.
Buckling instability and compressive deformation of Ni-Co-Cr medium-entropy alloy nanotubes
Authors: Lu Yu-Sheng , Fang Te-Hua 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The aspect ratio has a significant effect on buckling instability. In this study, we used molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to investigate the buckling instability mechanism of NiCoCr medium-entropy alloy (MEA) nanotubes (NTs) under the compression process. Based on the compression results, we find that the buckling point and the critical buckling stress decrease with increasing aspect ratio. The critical buckling stress of the MD simulations resembles the Euler and Rayleigh–Ritz theories. The critical aspect ratio of 10 showed instability at NiCoCr NTs. In addition, we found that the compressive strength of single-crystalline specimens is much higher than that of polycrystalline specimens. Partial dislocations (PDs) dominated by stacking faults and twinning structures are mainly distributed on the grain boundaries of small grain specimens and decrease with increasing grain size. We also found that polycrystalline structures tend to induce buckling instability. The wall thickness specimen of the 7 nm has confirmed similar compressive strength as the nanowire. The compressive strength decreases as the wall thickness decreases. More stress concentration and PDs distributed in the specimen when the wall thickness is reduced to 1 nm, and it is easier to induce buckling instability at NiCoCr MEA NTs.
Analysis of a convex time skew calibration for light sharing-based PET detectors
Authors: Naunheim Stephan , Kuhl Yannick , Solf Torsten , Schug David , Schulz Volkmar , Mueller Florian 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objective. Positron emission tomography (PET) detectors providing attractive coincidence time resolutions (CTRs) offer time-of-flight information, resulting in an improved signal-to-noise ratio of the PET image. In applications with photosensor arrays that employ timestampers for individual channels, timestamps typically are not time synchronized, introducing time skews due to different signal pathways. The scintillator topology and transportation of the scintillation light might provoke further skews. If not accounted for these effects, the achievable CTR deteriorates. We studied a convex timing calibration based on a matrix equation. In this work, we extended the calibration concept to arbitrary structures targeting different aspects of the time skews and focusing on optimizing the CTR performance for detector characterization. The radiation source distribution, the stability of the estimations, and the energy dependence of calibration data are subject to the analysis. Approach. A coincidence setup, equipped with a semi-monolithic detector comprising 8 LYSO slabs, each 3.9 mm × 31.9 mm × 19.0 mm, and a one-to-one coupled detector with 8 × 8 LYSO segments of 3.9 mm × 3.9 mm × 19.0 mm volume is used. Both scintillators utilize a dSiPM (DPC3200-22-44, Philips Digital Photon Counting) operated in first photon trigger. The calibration was also conducted with solely one-to-one coupled detectors and extrapolated for a slab-only setup. Main results. All analyzed hyperparameters show a strong influence on the calibration. Using multiple radiation positions improved the skew estimation. The statistical significance of the calibration dataset and the utilized energy window was of great importance. Compared to a one-to-one coupled detector pair achieving CTRs of 224 ps the slab detector configuration reached CTRs down to 222 ps, demonstrating that slabs can compete with a clinically used segmented detector design. Significance. This is the first work that systematically studies the influence of hyperparameters on skew estimation and proposes an extension to arbitrary calibration structures (e.g. scintillator volumes) of a known calibration technique.
Linear scattering theory of short-pulse reflectometry
Authors: Krutkin O , Brunner S , Coda S , Aleynikov P 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The linear scattering theory of short pulse reflectometry is presented. An expression for the scattering signal is obtained by applying the perturbation theory approach for solving the Helmholtz equation. Based on these analytical results, a method for measuring the radial wavenumber spectrum of the turbulence is suggested. Analytical results are validated against full-wave numerical modelling.
The conductivity and electrophysical characteristics of Janus-like TaSi2/Si nanoparticles
Authors: Torkhov N A , Nomoev A V 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
All applications of single nanoparticles as independent nano-objects are based not on their collective properties, but on their individual properties, which are currently insufficiently studied in the vast majority of cases. The same applies to single Janus-like TaSi2/i-Si nanoparticles, which are independent nano-objects with prominent individual properties. In this regard, a system of single Janus-like TaSi2/i-Si nano-particles with a seven percent weight content of the TaSi2 metal phase is investigated for the first time using atomic force microscopy methods, conductivity, static volt–ampere characteristics (VACs) and the spatial 3D structure of the electrostatics, namely: the thermal emissions and tunneling mechanisms responsible for current transfer through the close-contact area between TaSi2 and i-Si; the effect of a serial resistance of RS
= 156 MΩ on the VACs, the barriers ϕbm

( f) = 0.578 eV and ϕbm

(r) = 0.648 eV, large values of the ideality indices nf
= 3.61 and nr
= 5.07 for the VAC reverse and forward branches; the 3D distribution of the electrostatic potential of the surface 4.84 ⩽ Ф(x,y)⩽ 4.90 eV; the electrostatic field |
E
| = 1.76 × 106 V m−1, and the capacitive contrast ∂C(x, y)/∂z. The values of ϕbm
, which are uncharacteristic for commonly used metal/Si Schottky contacts, and the abnormally large values of n and RS
confirm the pronounced individual properties of these nanoparticles. The presence of a potential barrier in the close TaSi2/i-Si contact leads to the emergence of a space charge region with a sufficiently strong intrinsic electric field E. The latter contributes to the redistribution of electric charges and the appearance of an electric dipole moment in the particles, which increases the number of their degrees of freedom. All these individual features strongly influence the adhesion and transport properties of the particles and their interactions with electromagnetic radiation, which are of particular interest to specialists in the fields of semiconductor electronics, microwave engineering, nanomechanical systems, catalysis, and biomedicine.