bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coaches’ Perspectives of the Continuing Coach Education Program in the Development of Quality Coach Education in Singapore
Authors: Tan Li Quan Warrick , O’Connor Donna 
Published: October 2022

Continuing professional development is considered essential to the improvement of sport coaching standards through the development of coaches’ knowledge. To support continuing professional development participation and learning for Singapore coaches, the Continuing Coach Education (CCE) program was introduced by Sport Singapore. The present study examined the influence of the Continuing Coach Education program on Level 1 Singapore-based coaches registered under the National Registry of Coaches. Utilizing an explanatory sequential quantitative–qualitative mixed methods approach to enhance understanding of participants’ perceptions, National Registry of Coaches Level 1 coaches completed an online questionnaire (n = 124) and participated in a semistructured interview (n = 7). Results revealed: (a) that intrapersonal knowledge was valued over professional and interpersonal knowledge; (b) that holistic development with an emphasis on character development of athletes was valued; (c) coaches’ key learning needs (i.e., sport psychology, use of technology in coaching, and career planning and development); (d) a preference to experience various learning sources (i.e., collaborative, experientially driven, recognized mediated, and internal unmediated), specific learning sources (i.e., self-directed and guided experiential), and improved coach developer facilitation; and (e) main learning motivations (i.e., meeting requirements and content relevance) and barriers (i.e., time and cost). Possible strategies to promote continuing professional development participation and learning for coaches practicing in similar contexts are discussed.
Change in neurodevelopmental outcomes for extremely premature infants over time: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kaempf Joseph W , Guillen Ursula , Litt Jonathan S , Zupancic John A F , Kirpalani Haresh 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveSurvival rates of extremely premature infants are rising, but changes in neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) rates are unclear. Our objective was to perform a systematic review of intrainstitutional variability of NDI over time.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesOvid MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar.Study selectionStudy eligibility: (1) at least two discrete cohorts of infants born <27 weeks’ gestation or <1000 g birth weight, (2) one cohort born after 1990 and at least one subsequent cohort of similar gestational age, (3) all cohorts cared for within the same Neonatal Intensive Care Unit(s) (NICU) and (4) neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18–36 months corrected age.Main outcomeChange in NDI rates. Quality, validity and bias were assessed using Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation and Quality in Prognosis Studies guidelines.ResultsOf 203 publications, 15 were eligible, including 13 229 infants. At the first time point, average NDI rate across study groups weighted by sample size was 41.0% (95% CI 34.0% to 48.0%). The average change in NDI between time points was −3.3% (95% CI −8·8% to 2.2%). For each added week of gestation at birth, the rate of NDI declined by 9.7% (95% CI 6.2% to 13.3%). Most studies exhibited moderate–severe bias in at least one domain, especially attrition rates.ConclusionsWhen comparing discrete same-centre cohorts over time, there was no significant change in NDI rates in infants born <27 weeks’ gestation or <1000 g. Higher survival rates unaccompanied by improvement in neurodevelopment highlight urgency for renewed focus on the causes of NDI and evidence-based strategies to reduce brain injury.
Bleb-related infection after primary trabeculectomy: medical chart reviews from 1993 to 2021
Authors: Yang Hsin-Yu , Chi Sheng-Chu , Ko Yu-Chieh , Chen Mei-Ju , Kuang Tung-Mei , Chang Yu-Fan , Liu Catherine Jui-Ling 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundTo investigate the incidence of and risk factors for bleb-related infection (BRI) in patients who underwent mitomycin C-augmented primary trabeculectomy.MethodsWe reviewed the medical charts of consecutive patients who had received primary trabeculectomy in Taipei Veterans General Hospital. We recorded the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients before, during and after surgery. Furthermore, we recorded the time interval between surgery and infection onset, clinical manifestations and visual outcomes of patients with BRI. The cumulative incidence of BRI was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to explore factors associated with BRI.ResultsIn total, 1663 eyes were postoperatively followed up for 94.57±65.23 months. The cumulative incidence of BRI was 1.86 per 1000 person-years during the 28-year follow-up period: 24 (1.44%) patients developed BRI and 6 (0.36%) patients additionally developed endophthalmitis. A multivariate analysis revealed a significant association of BRI with wound manipulation, high myopia and hyperlipidaemia. Patients younger than 60 years were more likely to receive wound manipulation than their elderly counterparts (<0.001). One year after BRI, the best corrected visual acuity of the eyes with blebitis did not change significantly, whereas that of the eyes with endophthalmitis worsened significantly.ConclusionRisk factors for BRI after trabeculectomy include wound manipulation, high myopia and hyperlipidaemia. Considering myopia is highly prevalent throughout the world and is a risk factor for glaucoma, the lifelong risk of BRI after trabeculectomy in eyes with high myopia warrants the attention of ophthalmologists.
Associations between antipsychotics and risk of violent crimes and suicidal behaviour in personality disorder
Authors: Herttua Kimmo , Crawford Mike , Paljarvi Tapio , Fazel Seena 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundDespite uncertain benefits, people with personality disorder are commonly treated with antipsychotic medication.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between antipsychotics and violent crimes and suicidal behaviour in individuals with personality disorder.MethodsWe used nationwide Danish registries to identify all individuals with diagnosed personality disorder aged 18–64 years during 2007 to 2016. Antipsychotics were recorded in dispensed prescriptions, and individuals were followed up for police-recorded suspicions for violent crimes and healthcare presentations of suicidal behaviour. We applied a within-individual design where outcome rates for individuals with personality disorder during medicated periods were compared with rates during non-medicated periods.FindingsThe cohort included 166 328 people with diagnosed personality disorder, of whom 79 253 were prescribed antipsychotics, presented at least one outcome and were thus included in the within-individual analyses. Compared with periods when individuals were not on antipsychotic medication, violent crime suspicions were 40% lower (incident rate ratio (IRR) 0.60, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.63) in men and 10% lower (IRR 0.90, 95% CI 0.79 to 1.01) in women, while rates of suicidal behaviour were 32% lower both in men (IRR 0.68, 95% CI 0.66 to 0.71) and in women (IRR 0.68, 95% CI 0.65 to 0.70). In subgroup analyses, the magnitude of the association varied across specific personality disorders for criminal outcomes but less for suicidal behaviour, with largest association in dissocial personality disorder for violent criminality (IRR 0.53, 95% CI 0.47 to 0.59).ConclusionsTreatment with antipsychotics was associated with reduced risks for violent crime suspicions and suicidal behaviour among individuals with personality disorder.Clinical implicationsPotential effects of antipsychotics on suicidal behaviour and violence should be taken into account when considering treatment options for people with personality disorders.
Targeting tumour-intrinsic N7-methylguanosine tRNA modification inhibits MDSC recruitment and improves anti-PD-1 efficacy
Authors: Liu Haining , Zeng Xuezhen , Ren Xuxin , Zhang Yifan , Huang Manling , Tan Li , Dai Zihao , Lai Jiaming , Xie Wenxuan , Chen Zebin , Peng Sui , Xu Lixia , Chen Shuling , Shen Shunli , Kuang Ming , Lin Shuibin 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveIntrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) exhibits very low response rate to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. We investigate the tumour immune microenvironment (TIME) of ICCs and the underlying regulatory mechanisms with the aim of developing new target to inhibit tumour growth and improve anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) efficacy.DesignTumour tissues from patients with ICC together with hydrodynamic ICC mouse models were employed to identify the key cell population in TIME of ICCs. Functional analysis and mechanism studies were performed using cell culture, conditional knockout mouse model and hydrodynamic transfection ICC model. The efficacy of single or combined therapy with anti-PD-1 antibody, gene knockout and chemical inhibitor were evaluated in vivo.ResultsPolymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSCs) are enriched in advanced ICCs and significantly correlated with N7-methylguanosine tRNA methyltransferase METTL1. Using diverse in vivo cancer models, we demonstrate the crucial immunomodulator function of METTL1 in regulation of PMN-MDSC accumulation in TIME and ICC progression. Mechanistically,CXCL8in human andCxcl5in mouse are key translational targets of METTL1 that facilitate its function in promoting PMN-MDSC accumulation in TIME and ICC progression in vivo. Co-blockade of METTL1 and its downstream chemokine pathway enhances the anti-PD-1 efficacy in ICC preclinical mouse models.ConclusionsOur data uncover novel mechanisms underlying chemokine regulation and TIME shaping at the layer of messenger RNA translation level and provide new insights for development of efficient cancer immunotherapeutic strategies.
Inequalities in COVID-19 deaths by migration background during the first wave, interwave period and second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: a closed cohort study of 17 million inhabitants of the Netherlands
Authors: Chilunga Felix P , Stoeldraijer Lenny , Agyemang Charles , Stronks Karien , Harmsen Carel , Kunst Anton E 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundIt is not known how differences in COVID-19 deaths by migration background in the Netherlands evolved throughout the pandemic, especially after introduction of COVID-19 prevention measures targeted at populations with a migration background (in the second wave). We investigated associations between migration background and COVID-19 deaths across first wave of the pandemic, interwave period and second wave in the Netherlands.MethodsWe obtained multiple registry data from Statistics Netherlands spanning from 1 March 2020 to 14 March 2021 comprising 17.4 million inhabitants. We estimated incidence rate ratios for COVID-19 deaths by migration background using Poisson regression models and adjusted for relevant sociodemographic factors.ResultsPopulations with a migration background, especially those with Turkish, Moroccan and Surinamese background, exhibited higher risk of COVID-19 deaths than the Dutch origin population throughout the study periods. The elevated risk of COVID-19 deaths among populations with a migration background (as compared with Dutch origin population) was around 30% higher in the second wave than in the first wave.ConclusionsDifferences in COVID-19 deaths by migration background persisted in the second wave despite introduction of COVID-19 prevention measures targeted at populations with a migration background in the second wave. Research on explanatory mechanisms and novel prevention measures are needed to address the ongoing differences in COVID-19 deaths by migration background.
APCgermline pathogenic variants and epithelial ovarian cancer: causal or coincidental findings?
Authors: Vibert Roseline , Le Gall Jessica , Buecher Bruno , Mouret-Fourme Emmanuelle , Bataillon Guillaume , Becette Véronique , Trabelsi-Grati Olfa , Moncoutier Virginie , Dehainault Catherine , Carriere Jennifer , Schwartz Mathias , Suybeng Voreak , Bieche Ivan , Colas Chrystelle , Vincent-Salomon Anne , Stoppa-Lyonnet Dominique , Golmard Lisa 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAPCgermline pathogenic variants result in predisposition to familial adenomatous polyposis and extraintestinal tumours such as desmoid fibromatosis, medulloblastomas and thyroid cancers. They have also been recently involved in ovarian microcystic stromal tumours.APCinactivation has been described at the tumour level in epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs). Here, we report the identification ofAPCgermline pathogenic variants in two patients diagnosed with premenopausal EOC in early 30s, with no other pathogenic variant detected in the known ovarian cancer predisposing genes. Subsequent tumour analysis showed neither a second hit ofAPCinactivation nor β-catenin activation. Both tumours did not have a homologous recombination (HR) deficiency, pointing towards the implication of other genes than those involved in HR.APCmay contribute to the carcinogenesis of EOC in a multifactorial context. Further studies are required to clarify the role ofAPCin predisposition to EOC.
Efficacy and safety of rituximab in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disorders compared with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Spagni Gregorio , Sun Bo , Monte Gabriele , Sechi Elia , Iorio Raffaele , Evoli Amelia , Damato Valentina 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundRituximab (RTX) efficacy in patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disorders (MOGADs) is still poorly understood, though it appears to be lower than in aquaporin-4-IgG-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (AQP4-IgG+NMOSDs). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess the efficacy and safety profile of RTX in patients with MOGAD and to compare RTX efficacy between MOGAD and AQP4-IgG+NMOSD.MethodsWe searched original English-language articles published between 2012 and 2021 in MEDLINE, Cochrane, Central Register of Controlled Trials and clinicaltrials.gov, reporting data on RTX efficacy in patients with MOGAD. The main outcome measures were annualised relapse rate (ARR) and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score mean differences (MDs) after RTX. The meta-analysis was performed with a random effects model. Covariates associated with the outcome measures were analysed with a linear meta-regression.ResultsThe systematic review included 315 patients (138 women, mean onset age 26.8 years) from 32 studies. Nineteen studies (282 patients) were included in the meta-analysis. After RTX, a significant decrease of ARR was found (MD: −0.92, 95% CI –1.24 to –0.60, p<0.001), markedly different from the AQP4-IgG+NMOSD (MD: −1.73 vs MOGAD −0.92, subgroup difference testing: Q=9.09, p=0.002). However, when controlling for the mean ARR pre-RTX, this difference was not significant. After RTX, the EDSS score decreased significantly (MD: −0.84, 95% CI −1.41 to –0.26, p=0.004). The frequency of RTX-related adverse events was 18.8% (36/192) and overall RTX-related mortality 0.5% (1/192).ConclusionsRTX showed effective in MOGAD, although to a lesser extent than in AQP4-IgG+NMOSD, while the safety profile warrants some caution in its prescription. Randomised-controlled trials are needed to confirm these findings and provide robust evidence to improve treatment strategies in patients with MOGAD.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020175439.
Impact of severe infections in SLE: an observational study from the Spanish national registry
Authors: Moreno-Torres Victor , Martínez-Urbistondo María , Gutiérrez-Rojas Angela , Castejón Raquel , Sánchez Enrique , Calderón-Parra Jorge , Durán-del Campo Pedro , Tutor Pablo , Mellor-Pita Susana , Vázquez-Comendador José , Vargas-Núñez Juan A , Ruiz-Irastorza Guillermo 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveInfections are a common complication of SLE. Our objective was to evaluate their causes and impact on the survival of patients with SLE.MethodsAnalysis of the admissions and death causes in patients diagnosed with SLE from the Spanish Hospital Discharge Database and the infection-related deaths of the Spanish population from the National Statistical Institute, between 2016 and 2018.Only infections recorded as the main diagnosis were analysed (severe or clinically relevant infection).ResultsAmong 18 430 admissions in patients with SLE, disease activity was the cause of admission in 19% of all patients and infection in 15%. However, infection was the main cause of death (25%) while SLE activity was responsible for only 6% of deaths (p<0.001). Severe infection exceeded SLE as a cause of death for patients dying at ages between 40–59 (23% vs 4%, p<0.001), 60–79 (26% vs 6%, p<0.001) and older than 80 years (25% vs 6%, p<0.001). Infection was the cause of death in 8% of the Spanish population, a significantly lower rate when compared with patients with SLE (p<0.001). Compared with the general population, infections were the highest relative cause of death in patients with SLE, particularly at younger ages: 40% vs 3% for those below 20 years old (p<0.01), 33% vs 4% between 20 and 39 (p<0.001), 23% vs 5% between 40 and 59 (p<0.001), 26% vs 5% between 60 and 79 (p<0.001) and 25% vs 9% for those older than 80 years (p<0.001).ConclusionOur nationwide study confirms that infections are the leading cause of death in SLE in Spain, with the highest proportion occurring in young patients with lupus compared with the general population of the same age range.
Selective androgen receptor modulation for muscle weakness in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomised control trial
Authors: Mohan Divya , Rossiter Harry , Watz Henrik , Fogarty Charles , Evans Rachael A , Man William , Tabberer Maggie , Beerahee Misba , Kumar Subramanya , Millns Helen , Thomas Sebin , Tal-Singer Ruth , Russell Alan J , Holland Marie Claire , Akinseye Chika , Neil David , Polkey Michael I 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundSelective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) increase muscle mass via the androgen receptor. This phase 2A trial investigated the effects of a SARM, GSK2881078, in conjunction with exercise, on leg strength in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and impaired physical function.Methods47 postmenopausal women and 50 men with COPD (forced expiratory volume in 1 s 30%–65% predicted; short physical performance battery score: 3–11) were enrolled into a randomised double-blind, placebo control trial. Patients were randomised 1:1 to once daily placebo or oral GSK2881078 (females: 1.0 mg; males: 2.0 mg) for 13 weeks with a concurrent home-exercise programme, involving strength training and physical activity. Primary endpoints were change from baseline in leg strength at 90 days (one-repetition maximum; absolute (kg) and relative (% change)) and multiple safety outcomes. Secondary endpoints included lean body mass, physical function and patient-reported outcomes.ResultsGSK2881078 increased leg strength in men. The difference in adjusted mean change from baseline and adjusted mean percentage change from baseline between treatment and placebo were: for women, 8.0 kg (90% CI −2.5 to 18.4) and 5.2% (90% CI −4.7 to 15.0), respectively; for men, 11.8 kg (90% CI −0.5 to 24.0) and 7.0% (90% CI 0.5 to 13.6), respectively. Lean body mass increased, but no changes in patient-reported outcomes were observed. Reversible reductions in high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and transient elevations in hepatic transaminases were the main treatment-related safety findings.ConclusionsGSK2881078 was well tolerated and short-term treatment increased leg strength, when expressed as per cent predicted, in men with COPD more than physical training alone.Trial registration numberNCT03359473.
Pediatric intestinal obstruction: analysis of etiologies and factors influencing short-term outcomes in Rwanda
Authors: Twahirwa Isaie , Ndayiragije Cyriaque , Nyundo Martin , Rickard Jennifer , Ntaganda Edmond 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundIntestinal obstruction is a common presentation in pediatric surgical emergencies and presents with different etiologies depending on country or region. Its morbidity and mortality are high in low-income and middle-income countries, with variable influencing factors. The aims of this study were to determine the etiologies, morbidity and mortality of pediatric intestinal obstruction and to assess the factors associated with the outcomes of these conditions in Rwanda.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study conducted on pediatric patients with intestinal obstruction in two Rwandan university teaching hospitals. The patients were followed from admission until discharge, and we documented their basic characteristics, diagnosis, operative details and postoperative outcomes. Data were collected using data collection form and were electronically captured and analysed using SPSS software.ResultsA total of 65 patients were enrolled in this study. They were predominantly male (n=49, 75.4%), and the majority of patients (86.2%) were below age 6 years. Intussusception was the most common etiology (n=22, 33.8%). Other common etiologies were Hirschsprung’s disease (n=13, 20%), incarcerated inguinal and umbilical hernias (n=6, 9.2%), intestinal worms’ impaction (n=5, 7.7%) and adhesions (n=5, 7.7%). Mortality and morbidity were 9.2% and 39.7%, respectively. The most common complications were surgical site infection (n=6, 9.5%) and sepsis (n=6, 9.5%). Preoperative anemia (p=0.001), finding of gangrenous bowels (p=0.003) and bowel resection at the time of laparotomy (p=0.039) were factors associated with postoperative complications.ConclusionsThe etiologies of intestinal obstruction are variable and common in children below 6 years in Rwanda. The associated morbidly is high and is influenced by the preoperative anemia, finding of gangrenous bowels and bowel resection.
Nonextensive hydrodynamics of boost-invariant plasmas
Authors: Alqahtani Mubarak , Demir Nasser , Strickland Michael 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe use quasiparticle anisotropic hydrodynamics to study the non-conformal and non-extensive dynamics of a system undergoing boost-invariant Bjorken expansion. To introduce nonextensivity, we use an underlying Tsallis distribution with a time-dependent nonextensivity parameter q. By taking moments of the quasiparticle Boltzmann equation in the relaxation-time approximation, we obtain dynamical equations which allow us to determine the time evolution of all microscopic parameters including q. We compare numerical solutions for bulk observables obtained using the nonextensive evolution with results obtained using quasiparticle anisotropic hydrodynamics with a Boltzmann distribution function ($$q \rightarrow 1$$

q
→
1

). We show that the evolution of the temperature, pressure ratio, and scaled energy density, are quite insensitive to which distribution function is assumed. However, we find significant differences in the early-time evolution of the bulk pressure which are observed for even small deviations from the Boltzmann distribution function. Finally, we discuss the existence of non-conformal hydrodynamic attractors for the longitudinal and transverse pressures, the bulk and shear viscous corrections, and the nonextensivity parameter q.