bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Network‐Based Approaches for Drug Repositioning
Authors: Song Tao , Wang Gan , Ding Mao , Rodriguez‐Paton Alfonso , Wang Xun , Wang Shudong 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWith deep learning creeping up into the ranks of big data, new models based on deep learning and massive data have made great leaps forward rapidly in the field of drug repositioning. However, there is no relevant review to summarize the transformations and development process of models and their data in the field of drug repositioning. Among all the computational methods, network‐based methods play an extraordinary role. In view of these circumstances, understanding and comparing existing network‐based computational methods applied in drug repositioning will help us recognize the cutting‐edge technologies and offer valuable information for relevant researchers. Therefore, in this review, we present an interpretation of the series of important network‐based methods applied in drug repositioning, together with their comparisons and development process.
Compact wideband and harmonic suppressed quadrature coupler using susceptance loaded coupled lines
Authors: Liu Hongmei , Guan Mingyao , Zhang Hongxiao , Fang Shaojun , Wang Zhongbao 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn the paper, a novel type of quadrature coupler with the features of wideband, arbitrary harmonic suppression and small size is proposed, for the first time, by employing susceptance loaded coupled lines. Design equations are derived using the even‐odd mode decomposition analysis. The discussions on arbitrary couplings and harmonic suppressions are also investigated. For demonstration, a prototype with a second harmonic suppression was fabricated and measured. The overall size is 0.19λg × 0.27λg, which is smaller than most of the reported wideband quadrature couplers. Measurement results show that the fractional bandwidth of 40% is obtained under the condition of 15‐dB return loss/isolation, 1‐dB amplitude imbalance, and 90° ± 5° phase difference. The proposed coupler can be a good candidate for wideband applications without using the multi‐cascading and complex miniaturization method.
Fiber strain sensor based on compact in‐line air cavity fabricated by conventional single mode fiber
Authors: Fan Jiaxuan , Li Wenyu , Liu Yuhao , Yang Shuxin , Li Jin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA Fabry‐Perot micro‐interferometer has been designed based on the conventional single‐mode fiber end fusion method for measuring strain along the fiber. During the splicing process of single‐mode optical fiber, the uniformly coated glycerine on the end face of the fiber is vaporized due to the high temperature of arc discharge to form a spherical air microcavity (Fabry‐Perot cavity). The experimental results show that the proposed sensor can determine the strain during 0–1.2 N with a linear response and the corresponding sensitivity of ~3.25 nm/N. The Fabry‐Perot micro‐interferometer strain probe proposed in this paper is simple to manufacture, compact in structure and easy to integrate. It has the promising potential in exploring the intelligent wearable devices for real‐time monitoring of micro‐strain changes such as pulse, blood pressure, and respiration.
Fractal‐based dynamic response of a pair of spur gears considering microscopic surface morphology
Authors: Yu Xin , Sun Yunyun , Liu Sheng , Wu Shijing 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe meshing surfaces of a gear pair are rough from a microscopic perspective and the surface topography will affect the dynamic response. To study the influence of real surface topography on the gear system dynamic performance, this paper establishes a 3‐degree of freedom transverse‐torsional dynamic model with regard to the morphology of the interface. By fractal theory, the expression of backlash between gears is modified based on the height of asperities. The time‐varying stiffness is calculated according to the fractal method rather than assuming a constant, which is more realistic. The dimensionless dynamic differential equations are established and solved with surface topography affected backlash function and time‐varying stiffness. The dynamic response of the gear system with respect to fractal dimension and fractal roughness is analyzed.
A piecewise negative stiffness mechanism and its application in dynamic vibration absorber
Authors: Hao Yan , Shen Yongjun , Wang Junfeng , Yang Shaopu 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA new type of piecewise negative stiffness (NS) mechanism is designed and the relationship between the force and displacement is studied. At first, the prototype of the piecewise NS mechanism is established, and the stiffness characteristic of this mechanism is analyzed. Then, the piecewise NS mechanism is applied to dynamic vibration absorber (DVA) system to establish a dynamic model with the piecewise linearity. The differential motion equations are derived according to Newton's law of mechanics. The approximate analytical solution and the amplitude frequency curve of the system with the piecewise NS are obtained by means of the averaging method. The correctness of the analytical solution is proved by comparing with the numerical solution. In the end, the comparisons with two other traditional DVAs show that the system in this paper has better vibration reduction effect under the condition of harmonic excitation and random excitation.
Research on current decoupling control of six‐phase permanent magnet linear synchronous motor for electromagnetic launch
Authors: Sun Xingfa , Xu Jin , Zhu Junjie 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSix‐phase permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM) for electromagnetic launch (EML) system presents the characteristics of a high order, nonlinearity, multivariable, strong coupling, and nonperiodic transient operation in the synchronous rotating coordinate system, posing a great challenge to the dynamic response ability of the current loop. Existing research on current decoupling control (CDC) mainly focuses on cross decoupling within a three‐phase system, even though there are neither decoupling methods for multiphase systems nor effective evaluation criteria for the decoupling and dynamic response performances. From this perspective, this paper first presents an equivalent reduced‐order complex‐matrix dynamic mathematical model of six‐phase PMLSM and analyze its transient coupling characteristics during the process of EML. Then, the CDC methods of six‐phase PMLSM based on direct compensation and matrix diagonalization principles are realized, respectively, to accomplish the cross decoupling and back electromotive force decoupling within and between different three‐phase windings. Finally, an all‐round method is proposed, for the first time, to evaluate the decoupling performances and dynamic response performances of different CDC strategies for six‐phase PMLSM. Significant superiority of deviation decoupling regulator in decoupling performance and robustness are verified based on high‐speed EML experimental platform of six‐phase PMLSM.
Machine‐learning‐based interatomic potentials for advanced manufacturing
Authors: Yu Wei , Ji Chaoyue , Wan Xuhao , Zhang Zhaofu , Robertson John , Liu Sheng , Guo Yuzheng 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis paper summarizes the progress of machine‐learning‐based interatomic potentials and their applications in advanced manufacturing. Interatomic potential is essential for classical molecular dynamics. The advancements made in machine learning (ML) have enabled the development of fast interatomic potential with ab initio accuracy. The accelerated atomic simulation can greatly transform the design principle of manufacturing technology. The most widely used supervised and unsupervised ML methods are summarized and compared. Then, the emerging interatomic models based on ML are discussed: Gaussian approximation potential, spectral neighbor analysis potential, deep potential molecular dynamics, SCHNET, hierarchically interacting particle neural network, and fast learning of atomistic rare events.
Reduced multibody system transfer matrix method using decoupled hinge equations
Authors: Rui Xue , Bestle Dieter 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn the multibody system transfer matrix method (MSTMM), the transfer matrix of body elements may be directly obtained from kinematic and kinetic equations. However, regarding the transfer matrices of hinge elements, typically information of their outboard body is involved complicating modeling and even resulting in combinatorial problems w.r.t. various types of outboard body's output links. This problem may be resolved by formulating decoupled hinge equations and introducing the Riccati transformation in the new version of MSTMM called the reduced multibody system transfer matrix method in this paper. Systematic procedures for chain, tree, closed‐loop, and arbitrary general systems are defined, respectively, to generate the overall system equations satisfying the boundary conditions of the system during the entire computational process. As a result, accumulation errors are avoided and computational stability is guaranteed even for huge systems with long chains as demonstrated by examples and comparison with commercial software automatic dynamic analysis of the mechanical system.
Risk factors for lumbosacral radiculoplexus neuropathy
Authors: Pinto Marcus V. , Ng Peng‐Soon , Laughlin Ruple S. , Thapa Prabin , Aragon Pinto Catarina , Shelly Shahar , Shouman Kamal , Dyck Peter J. , Dyck P. James B. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroduction/AimsRecently, our group found an association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and lumbosacral radiculoplexus neuropathy (LRPN) in Olmsted County, Minnesota; we found a higher risk (odds ratio [OR], 7.91) for developing LRPN in diabetic compared with nondiabetic patients. However, the influence of other comorbidities and anthropomorphic variables was not studied.MethodsDemographic and clinical data from 59 LRPN patients and 177 age/sex‐matched controls were extracted using the Rochester LRPN epidemiological study. Differences between groups were compared by chi‐square/Fisher exact test or Wilcoxon rank‐sum test. Uni‐ and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed.ResultsFactors predictive of LRPN on univariate analysis were DM (OR, 7.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.11‐15.21), dementia (OR, 6.36; 95% CI, 1.13‐35.67), stroke (OR, 3.81; 95% CI, 1.32‐11.01), dyslipidemia (OR, 2.844; 95% CI, 1.53‐5.27), comorbid autoimmune disorders (OR, 2.72; 95% CI, 1.07‐6.93), hypertension (OR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.2‐4.13), obesity (OR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.11–3.8), body mass index (BMI) (OR, 1.1; 95% CI, 1.04‐1.15), and weight (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.009‐1.037). On multivariate logistic regression analysis only DM (OR, 8.03; 95% CI, 3.86‐16.7), comorbid autoimmune disorders (OR, 4.58; 95% CI, 1.45‐14.7), stroke (OR, 4.13; 95% CI, 1.2‐14.25), and BMI (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.01‐1.13) were risk factors for LRPN.DiscussionDM is the strongest risk factor for the development of LRPN, followed by comorbid autoimmune disorders, stroke, and higher BMI. Altered metabolism and immune dysfunction seem to be the most influential factors in the development of LRPN.
A new optimal static synchronous series compensator‐governorcontrol action for small signal stability enhancement of random renewable penetrated hydro‐dominated power system
Authors: Nahak Narayan , Satapathy Omkar , Sengupta Purba 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSubject to intermittent nature of renewable sources, small signal stability (SSS) is going to be a challenging task for power system operators. Also as per current deregulated market, stress is imposed on optimal usage of present resources like mechanical governors. In this work a new coordinated optimal damping control action of fractional static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) and governor is proposed to the critical condition of power system for SSS enhancement considering sudden and random variation in solar photovoltaic (SPV) and wind sources with different operating condition of hydro generations and change in reference voltage. Both SSSC and governor coordinate to damp system oscillations to improve stability. A new hybrid differential evolution (DE) with whale optimization algorithm (WOA) is proposed to tune the gains of SSSC and governor in proposed controller. A multi objective function incorporating speed and real power deviation has been taken for optimization problem. It has been observed that varying operating condition of hydro generator along with variations in SPV and wind sources instigate low frequency oscillation and proposed control action has better damping efficacy in comparison to only SSSC and governor. Also, the proposed multi‐objective DE‐WOA control law performs better than only DE and WOA algorithm.
Physical and mechanical properties of epoxy/Kota stone dust/fly ash hybrid composites for light duty structural applications
Authors: Rajput Virendra , Sahu Neelesh Kumar , Agrawal Alok , Gupta Gaurav 
Published: December 2021

AbstractKota stone dust (KSD) and fly ash (FA) are the wastes generated from the construction industry and thermal power plant, respectively. In the present work, a novel hybrid composite is developed to utilize KSD and FA as reinforcing phases in the epoxy matrix. The hand lay‐up method is adopted for the fabrication of 12 sets of samples. Four sets are prepared with single filler KSD and eight samples are prepared with a hybrid combination of KSD and FA. The prepared samples are undergone physical and mechanical tests. To understand the compatibility between filler‐matrix and visualize the dispersion of fillers in epoxy, micrographs are taken using the scanning electron microscope. The density and void contents of the material increases with an increase in filler content. The maximum water absorption measured is 0.96% for the combination of epoxy with 40 wt% KSD and 10 wt% FA. From mechanical testing, maximum tensile strength and flexural strength obtained is 34.4 MPa and 65.4 MPa, respectively, for a combination of epoxy with 20 wt% KSD and 5 wt% FA. Compressive strength and hardness increase with either of the content of the filler and reaches 116.28 MPa and 104 Shore D number, respectively, with 40 wt% KSD and 10 wt% FA. From experimentation, it was found that mechanical properties of the hybrid composites are better as compared to that of single filler composites though physical properties are slightly compromised by hybridization of fillers.
Stabilizing and improving elastic bioengineered scaffolds mimicking extracellular matrix for use in wound repair and regeneration
Authors: Warner Harleigh , Wagner William D. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractElastic composite scaffolds are used to mimic extracellular matrix in tissue regeneration. They are composed of synthetic elastomers in favor of natural elastin. Many elastomers require thermal polymerization for fiber stabilization. If the scaffold contains protein, additional treatments are required for stabilization. These treatments may modify the structure and function of the scaffold. In the present study a protein‐elastomeric polymer composite of poly (glycerol sebacate), (PGS), silk fibroin, and type I collagen (termed PFC) was used as a model material to investigate a new method to improve stabilization of electrospun fibers. The purpose of this study was to optimize conditions in order to reduce internal flow of an elastomeric prepolymer during fiber fabrication. Co‐electrospun sacrificial poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) was used to provide scaffold fiber stabilization during fiber formation in order to test different protocols to prevent fiber fusion. Using PEO at a 1:1 ratio with PFC followed by glutaraldehyde treatment, removal of PEO and heat treatment to polymerize PGS resulted in the most stable and consistent fiber morphology. Functionally, scaffolds had increased porosity and improved cell infiltration. The study provides an improved procedure for fabrication of composite electrospun scaffolds requiring stabilization by both chemical and thermal methods.
An investigation of maximum experimental safety gap of CH4H2 blended fuel at different initial pressures
Authors: Rui Liu , Pan Jun , Li Ting , Wang Qing Lu , Ma Honghao , Shen Wu Zhao 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe MESG (maximum experimental safety gap) of CH4H2 mixtures were measured at different initial pressures (40–140 kPa). With an increase in hydrogen fraction, the classification of CH4H2 mixtures was from Group IIA to Group IIC. The mixtures were classified as Group IIB when the hydrogen fraction was between 25% and 77%, followed by Group IIC with continuous increase in the amount of hydrogen. For calculating MESG of CH4H2 blended fuel, the method based on oxygen amount is feasible at any initial pressure. It is different from Le Chatelier's equation, which is used to evaluate the low explosion limits for flammable mixtures but not suitable for calculating MESG. In this study, a formula calculating MESG‐based laminar flame velocity and initial pressure was proposed to obtain the MESG of CH4H2 mixtures more easily.
Pharmacometric modeling and machine learning analyses of prognostic and predictive factors in the JAVELIN Gastric 100 phase III trial of avelumab
Authors: Terranova Nadia , French Jonathan , Dai Haiqing , Wiens Matthew , Khandelwal Akash , Ruiz‐Garcia Ana , Manitz Juliane , von Heydebreck Anja , Ruisi Mary , Chin Kevin , Girard Pascal , Venkatakrishnan Karthik 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAvelumab (anti–PD‐L1) is an approved anticancer treatment for several indications. The JAVELIN Gastric 100 phase III trial did not meet its primary objective of demonstrating superior overall survival (OS) with avelumab maintenance versus continued chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer/gastroesophageal junction cancer; however, the OS rate was numerically higher with avelumab at timepoints after 12 months. Machine learning (random forests, SIDEScreen, and variable‐importance assessments) was used to build models to identify prognostic/predictive factors associated with long‐term OS and tumor growth dynamics (TGDs). Baseline, re‐baseline, and longitudinal variables were evaluated as covariates in a parametric time‐to‐event model for OS and Gompertzian population model for TGD. The final OS model incorporated a treatment effect on the log‐logistic shape parameter but did not identify a treatment effect on OS or TGD. Variables identified as prognostic for longer OS included older age; higher gamma‐glutamyl transferase (GGT) or albumin; absence of peritoneal carcinomatosis; lower neutrophil‐lymphocyte ratio, lactate dehydrogenase, or C‐reactive protein (CRP); response to induction chemotherapy; and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0. Among baseline and time‐varying covariates, the largest effects were found for GGT and CRP, respectively. Liver metastasis at re‐baseline predicted higher tumor growth. Tumor size after induction chemotherapy was associated with number of metastatic sites and stable disease (vs. response). Asian region did not impact OS or TGD. Overall, an innovative workflow supporting pharmacometric modeling of OS and TGD was established. Consistent with the primary trial analysis, no treatment effect was identified. However, potential prognostic factors were identified.
CO oxidation mediated by Al‐doped ZnO nanoclusters: A first‐principles investigation
Authors: Esrafili Mehdi D. , Arjomandi Rad Farzad 
Published: December 2021

AbstractUsing density functional theory the reaction pathways of CO oxidation mediated by Al‐doped Zn12O12 cluster and its assembled wire‐like (Zn12O12)n=2−4 structures were studied. It is revealed that O2 molecule is chemisorbed over the doped clusters while physisorbed over pristine (Zn12O12)n. Moreover, increasing the size of the nanocluster from AlZn11O12 to (AlZn11O12)4 enhances the O2 adsorption energy, although the amount of increase reduces as the cluster size grows. The adsorption energies of O2 over Al‐doped (Zn12O12)n clusters range from −1.83 to −2.14 eV, which are more negative than those of CO molecule (≈−0.80 eV). The Eley–Rideal (ER) and Langmuir–Hinshelwood (LH) pathways are used to investigate the oxidation mechanisms of the CO molecule. The energy barriers for the rate limiting step in the LH mechanism (i.e., OCOO → CO2 + Oads) are around 0.30 eV, which are substantially lower than the energy barriers in the ER process.
Iterative parameter identification algorithms for the generalized time‐varying system with a measurable disturbance vector
Authors: Jiang Anning , Ji Yan , Wan Lijuan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis article deals with the parameter identification of the generalized time‐varying systems. The time‐varying parameter vector can be expressed as a coefficient matrix multiplied by a measurable disturbance vector, the common identification methods cannot be used to estimate the parameters of the generalized time‐varying systems directly. This motivates us to develop new iterative identification algorithms. The gradient‐based iterative (GI) algorithm is proposed by means of the iterative technique. Moreover, a moving data window (MDW) is introduced, which can update the dynamical data by removing the oldest data and adding the newest measurement data. The MDW GI algorithm is proposed to improve the parameter estimation accuracy. The numerical simulation is provided and the simulation results show that the proposed identification methods are effective for the generalized time‐varying systems.
Surface Roughening Strategy for Highly Efficient Bifunctional Electrocatalyst: Combination of Atomic Layer Deposition and Anion Exchange Reaction
Authors: Seenivasan Selvaraj , Jung Hyeonjung , Han Jeong Woo , Kim Do‐Heyoung 
Published: December 2021

AbstractElectrocatalytic water splitting, which is an interface‐dominated process, can be significantly accelerated by increasing the number of front‐line surface active sites (NA) of the electrocatalyst. In this study, a unique method is used for increasing the NA by converting the smooth ultrathin atomic‐layer‐deposited nanoshells of the electrocatalysts into nano‐roughened active shell layers using a controlled anion‐exchange reaction (AER). The coarse thin nanoshells present abundant surface active sites, which are generated owing to the inherent unit‐cell volume mismatch induced during the AER. Consequently, the nano‐roughened electrodes accelerate the sluggish water reaction kinetics and lower the overpotentials required for the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions. In addition, the electronic modulation induced by the nanoshell layer at the core–nanoshell interface amplifies the local electron density, as confirmed using electrochemical analysis data and density functional theory calculations. Because of the integrity of the composite electrodes during water‐splitting half‐cell reactions, their durability for industrial seawater electrolysis is evaluated. The results indicate that their electrochemical activity does not change significantly after 10 days of continuous overall water splitting.
Effects of Liquid Nitrogen Deep Freezing Treatment on Rice Starch Properties
Authors: Surojanametakul Vipa , Udomrati Sunsanee , Satmalee Prajongwate 
Published: December 2021

AbstractRice is the most important food crop in Thailand but has low value as commercial uses of rice are limited. Changes in rice starch after deep freezing with liquid nitrogen are studied. Results show that deep freezing affects the physicochemical properties of rice starch depending on amylose and moisture contents. Deep freezing cause alterations in particle size, swelling power, and acid hydrolysis. Pasting properties analyzed by a rapid visco analyzer (RVA) indicate that after freezing, samples are more stable to shear than native rice. Thermal properties determine by differential scanning calorimetry show that gelatinization enthalpy is lower in deep frozen samples. Scanning electron microscopy shows that starch granules are affected by deep freezing, while the sample surface exhibits merging between granules that contain large amounts of water.