bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitigating risks from hydraulic fracturing-induced seismicity in unconventional reservoirs: case study
Authors: Hui Gang , Chen Zhangxin , Wang Ping , Gu Fei , Kong Xiangwen , Zhang Wenqi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe recent remarkable increase in induced seismicity in Western Canada has been largely attributed to hydraulic fracturing in unconventional reservoirs. The nucleation of large magnitude events has been demonstrated to be closely linked to site-specific geological and operational factors. A mitigation strategy of fracturing-induced seismicity concerning both factors has not been well investigated. In this paper, a comprehensive investigation of risk mitigations from induced seismicity is conducted based on the formation overpressure, distance to Precambrian basement, proximity to faults, fracturing job size and safe hydraulic fracture-fault distance. It is found that the middle-south region near Crooked Lake is an optimal region for fracturing operations with low formation pressure, a great distance to the basement and relatively fewer pre-existing faults. A field case study suggests that fracturing operations of three new horizontal wells are successful with low magnitude induced events and with high production performance, demonstrating the applicability of a comprehensive approach of seismicity risk mitigations. Such an approach can be applied to other field cases to mitigate the potential fracturing-induced seismicity in unconventional reservoirs.
Modulation of atrazine-induced chromosomal aberrations and cyclin-dependent kinases by aqueous extract of Roylea cinerea (D.Don) Baillon leaves in Allium cepa
Authors: Rashid Farhana , Singh Davinder , Attri Shivani , Kaur Prabhjot , Kaur Harneetpal , Mohana Pallvi , Quadar Jahangeer , Vig Adarsh Pal , Bhatia Astha , Singh Balbir , Walia Harpreet , Arora Saroj 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRoylea cinerea (D.Don) Baillon an indigenous medicinal plant of Lamiaceae family used for the treatment of several diseases. In the present study, its aqueous (leaves) extract was tested for genoprotective action against atrazine-induced chromosomal aberrations in the root tip cells of Allium cepa. Atrazine is a herbicide of triazine class commonly used to inhibit the growth of broad leaf and grassy weeds. In order to find the concentration of atrazine that exhibits maximum toxicity, its different concentrations (1, 5 and 10 µg/mL) were tested. It was observed that 10 µg/mL concentration was more toxic as it reduced the mitotic index and also increased the chromosomal aberrations. Among all the tested concentrations of aqueous (leaves) extracts (0.25. 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 3.0 µg/mL), the3.0 µg/mL concentration in both modes of experiments i.e. pre and post showed a significant reduction in chromosomal aberrations induced by atrazine. To understand the mechanism of protection by plant extract on atrazine-induced chromosomal abnormalities the RT-qPCR studies were conducted to observe the expression of marker genes Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) (CDKA:1, CDKB2:1 and CDKD1:1. For this, the RNA was extracted from root tips treated with extract along with atrazine by TRIzol®. It was observed that aqueous extract of Roylea cinerea (D.Don) Baillon leaves upregulated the CDKs gene expression in both the modes i.e. pre and post treatments. A critical analysis of results indicated that aqueous extract ameliorated the chromosomal aberrations caused by atrazine which may be be due to the increased expression level of CDKs genes.
Mechanical properties of friction induced nanocrystalline pearlitic steel
Authors: Medina-Clavijo B. , Rafael-Velayarce J. , Modin E. , Saez-de-Buruaga M. , Soler D. , Motz C. , Arrazola P. J. , Chuvilin A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNanocrystalline structured variants of commercially available alloys have shown potential for boosting the mechanical properties of these materials, leading to a reduction in waste and thereby retaining feasible supply chains. One approach towards achieving these nanostructures resides in frictional treatments on manufactured parts, leading to differential refinement of the surface structure as compared to the bulk material. In this work the machining method is considered to be a testing platform for the formation and study of frictional nanostructured steel, assembly of which is stabilized by fast cooling of the produced chip. Analysis of the mechanical properties has shown extraordinary results at the surface, over 2000 MPa of strength on AISI1045 steel, more than three times the strength of the base material, demonstrating at the same time a reduction of 15% in the elastic modulus. The microscopic analysis suggests a reassembly of the elements in a new lattice of carbon supersaturated nano-ferrite.
Phycobilisome light-harvesting efficiency in natural populations of the marine cyanobacteria Synechococcus increases with depth
Authors: Kolodny Yuval , Avrahami Yoav , Zer Hagit , Frada Miguel J. , Paltiel Yossi , Keren Nir 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCyanobacteria of the genus Synechococcus play a key role as primary producers and drivers of the global carbon cycle in temperate and tropical oceans. Synechococcus use phycobilisomes as photosynthetic light-harvesting antennas. These contain phycoerythrin, a pigment-protein complex specialized for absorption of blue light, which penetrates deep into open ocean water. As light declines with depth, Synechococcus photo-acclimate by increasing both the density of photosynthetic membranes and the size of the phycobilisomes. This is achieved with the addition of phycoerythrin units, as demonstrated in laboratory studies. In this study, we probed Synechococcus populations in an oligotrophic water column habitat at increasing depths. We observed morphological changes and indications for an increase in phycobilin content with increasing depth, in summer stratified Synechococcus populations. Such an increase in antenna size is expected to come at the expense of decreased energy transfer efficiency through the antenna, since energy has a longer distance to travel. However, using fluorescence lifetime depth profile measurement approach, which is applied here for the first time, we found that light-harvesting quantum efficiency increased with depth in stratified water column. Calculated phycobilisome fluorescence quantum yields were 3.5% at 70 m and 0.7% at 130 m. Under these conditions, where heat dissipation is expected to be constant, lower fluorescence yields correspond to higher photochemical yields. During winter-mixing conditions, Synechococcus present an intermediate state of light harvesting, suggesting an acclimation of cells to the average light regime through the mixing depth (quantum yield of ~2%). Given this photo-acclimation strategy, the primary productivity attributed to marine Synechococcus should be reconsidered.
Incorporating male sterility increases hybrid maize yield in low input African farming systems
Authors: Collinson Sarah , Hamdziripi Esnath , De Groote Hugo , Ndegwa Michael , Cairns Jill E. , Albertsen Marc , Ligeyo Dickson , Mashingaidze Kingstone , Olsen Michael S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMaize is a staple crop in sub-Saharan Africa, but yields remain sub-optimal. Improved breeding and seed systems are vital to increase productivity. We describe a hybrid seed production technology that will benefit seed companies and farmers. This technology improves efficiency and integrity of seed production by removing the need for detasseling. The resulting hybrids segregate 1:1 for pollen production, conserving resources for grain production and conferring a 200 kg ha−1 benefit across a range of yield levels. This represents a 10% increase for farmers operating at national average yield levels in sub-Saharan Africa. The yield benefit provided by fifty-percent non-pollen producing hybrids is the first example of a single gene technology in maize conferring a yield increase of this magnitude under low-input smallholder farmer conditions and across an array of hybrid backgrounds. Benefits to seed companies will provide incentives to improve smallholder farmer access to higher quality seed. Demonstrated farmer preference for these hybrids will help drive their adoption.
Quantum operations with indefinite time direction
Authors: Chiribella Giulio , Liu Zixuan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe fundamental dynamics of quantum particles is neutral with respect to the arrow of time. And yet, our experiments are not: we observe quantum systems evolving from the past to the future, but not the other way round. A fundamental question is whether it is possible, at least in principle, to conceive a broader set of operations that probe quantum processes in the backward direction, from the future to the past, or more generally, in a combination of the forward and backward directions. Here we introduce a mathematical framework for operations that are not constrained to a definite time direction. More generally, we introduce a set of multipartite operations that include indefinite time direction as well as indefinite causal order, providing a framework for potential extensions of quantum theory.
US Gulf Coast tropical cyclone precipitation influenced by volcanism and the North Atlantic subtropical high
Authors: Bregy Joshua C. , Maxwell Justin T. , Robeson Scott M. , Harley Grant L. , Elliott Emily A. , Heeter Karen J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the response of tropical cyclone precipitation to ongoing climate change is essential to determine associated flood risk. However, instrumental records are short-term and fail to capture the full range of variability in seasonal totals of precipitation from tropical cyclones. Here we present a 473-year-long tree-ring proxy record comprised of longleaf pine from excavated coffins, a historical house, remnant stumps, and living trees in southern Mississippi, USA. We use cross-dating dendrochronological analyses calibrated with instrumental records to reconstruct tropical cyclone precipitation stretching back to 1540 CE. We compare this record to potential climatic controls of interannual and multidecadal tropical cyclone precipitation variability along the Gulf Coast. We find that tropical cyclone precipitation declined significantly in the two years following large Northern Hemisphere volcanic eruptions and is influenced by the behavior of the North Atlantic subtropical high-pressure system. Additionally, we suggest that tropical cyclone precipitation variability is significantly, albeit weakly, related to Atlantic multidecadal variability. Finally, we suggest that we need to establish a network for reconstructing precipitation from tropical cyclones in the Southeast USA if we want to capture regional tropical cyclone behavior and associated flood risks.
Ni2P NPs loaded on methylthio-functionalized UiO-66 for boosting visible-light-driven photocatalytic H2production
Authors: Li Xiang , Li Qiulin , Zhang Tiantian , Lou Yongbing , Chen Jinxi 
Published: July 2022

Ni2P/UIOS composites had good photocatalytic efficiency and stability. Synergistic effect of UIOS and Ni2P promoted the separation and transport of photogenerated electron-holes, enhancing H2 production activity.
Impact of Dysphagia Rehabilitation in Adults on Swallowing Physiology Measured With Videofluoroscopy: A Mapping Review
Authors: Namasivayam-MacDonald Ashwini , Rapley Megan , Stewart Josephine , Webster Eryn , Quon Christina , Rogus-Pulia Nicole 
Published: July 2022

Purpose:
The research aims of this review were to (a) map swallowing rehabilitation approaches to specific swallowing impairments using the Modified Barium Swallow Impairment Profile (MBSImP) to develop evidence maps, (b) match desired rehabilitation treatment targets to treatment approaches, and (c) identify gaps in the literature and highlight which rehabilitation approaches require further investigation to support accurate mapping of interventions to physiologic change.

Method:
A mapping review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses–Scoping Review extension framework. The databases searched were CINAHL, Ovid Medline, and Ovid Embase. Data extracted included swallowing rehabilitation approach details via the Rehabilitation Treatment Specification System framework, study characteristics, and resulting change in swallowing physiology. The resulting change in swallowing physiology was mapped onto MBSImP components, where applicable, and effect sizes were reported where data were available. Extracted data were summarized in the form of evidence maps.

Results:
Forty-three unique articles met the inclusion criteria for this review and were divided into single-approach and multi-approach exercise studies. Within single-approach studies, 13 different exercise approaches were investigated, and 117 outcome measures could be mapped to MBSImP components. Within multi-approach studies, 13 different combinations of exercise approaches were investigated and 60 outcome measures could be mapped to MBSImP components.

Conclusions:
This review supports speech-language pathologists in incorporating current best evidence into their practice, as it found there is potential for improvement in many MBSImP components by using rehabilitative exercises. In the future, more intervention studies are needed to ensure that recommended rehabilitation approaches are beneficial for improving the targeted swallowing physiology.
Maturation of Speech-in-Speech Recognition for Whispered and Voiced Speech
Authors: Buss Emily , Miller Margaret K. , Leibold Lori J. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose:
Some speech recognition data suggest that children rely less on voice pitch and harmonicity to support auditory scene analysis than adults. Two experiments evaluated development of speech-in-speech recognition using voiced speech and whispered speech, which lacks the harmonic structure of voiced speech.

Method:
Listeners were 5- to 7-year-olds and adults with normal hearing. Targets were monosyllabic words organized into three-word sets that differ in vowel content. Maskers were two-talker or one-talker streams of speech. Targets and maskers were recorded by different female talkers in both voiced and whispered speaking styles. For each masker, speech reception thresholds (SRTs) were measured in all four combinations of target and masker speech, including matched and mismatched speaking styles for the target and masker.

Results:
Children performed more poorly than adults overall. For the two-talker masker, this age effect was smaller for the whispered target and masker than for the other three conditions. Children's SRTs in this condition were predominantly positive, suggesting that they may have relied on a wholistic listening strategy rather than segregating the target from the masker. For the one-talker masker, age effects were consistent across the four conditions. Reduced informational masking for the one-talker masker could be responsible for differences in age effects for the two maskers. A benefit of mismatching the target and masker speaking style was observed for both target styles in the two-talker masker and for the voiced targets in the one-talker masker.

Conclusions:
These results provide no compelling evidence that young school-age children and adults are differentially sensitive to the cues present in voiced and whispered speech. Both groups benefit from mismatches in speaking style under some conditions. These benefits could be due to a combination of reduced perceptual similarity, harmonic cancelation, and differences in energetic masking.
PCCN‐RE: Point cloud colourisation network based on relevance embedding
Authors: Wang Feiran , Li Xiaoqiang , Liu Jitao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe colour of the point cloud provides abundant information for perception tasks such as autonomous driving and virtual reality. However, few prior work studied the automatic colourisation of colourless point clouds. In this paper, the authors propose a novel method named as Point cloud Colorization Network based on Relevance Embedding (PCCN‐RE) relying on three structures: a relevance embedding structure that efficiently captures local information through the calculation of a covariance matrix within nearby points; a weighted pooling structure designed to facilitate the fusion of features; an enhanced spatial transform network structure that keeps the invariance of input point clouds. On the ShapeNetCore dataset, our PCCN‐RE generates more authentic colour than state‐of‐the‐art methods for colourless point clouds and achieves the highest results by obtaining a Peak Signal to Noise Ratio of 9.40 and a Structural Similarity Index of 0.62.
Efficient threshold logic in 1T1R array
Authors: Fu Xingzhi , Li Qingjiang , Wang Yinan , Wang Wei , Diao Jietao , Wang Weihe , Xu Hui , Yu Hongqi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn‐memory computing based on memristor logic is one of the most promising approaches to break the ‘memory wall’ and ‘power wall’. However, some important logics (such as AND and MAJ) cannot be implemented efficiently in 1T1R arrays, which makes it difficult to design low‐delay memristor‐based logic computing systems. An efficient threshold logic is proposed by adding an auxiliary memristor in MAGIC (N+1)‐OR gate and optimising the driving voltage. The proposed threshold logic can be completely implemented in a 1T1R array without any additional resistor, and can achieve AND logic and MAJ logic directly. Furthermore, a 1‐bit full adder based on the proposed threshold logic, which only requires three steps and six memristors, is designed. Our proposed threshold logic and full adder design perform advantages in terms of area and delay compared with the previous designs.
Train management in freight shunting yards: Formalisation and literature review
Authors: Deleplanque Samuel , Hosteins Pierre , Pellegrini Paola , Rodriguez Joaquin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper treats theoretical and practical aspects of train management in freight shunting yards. It is a literature survey extending the previous ones and presenting the new important papers published in the last decade. The operations realised in such yards are formalised by modelling them in unified modelling language diagrams and the algorithms implemented to solve the optimisation problems of operations management for the different types of freight shunting yards and for the existing models are presented. The details on real yards that can be found in the literature are also reported, to allow the reader understanding what case studies can be actually tackled with the existing methods.
A mathematical method for local defects and faults identification of 10 kV three‐core cable based on input impedance spectrum
Authors: Wang Yan , Zhang Jialin , Yao Chongcheng , Zhao Hongshan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDue to the strong coupling among the conductors of 10 kV three‐core armored cables and the difficulty in identifying its defects and fault types, a method is proposed based on the input impedance spectrum. Firstly, the phase mode transformation matrix of a three‐core cable is obtained by combining the multi‐conductor transmission line theory with the loop analysis method to realize decoupling between conductors. Secondly, the input impedance matrices of a cable under different situations are derived. Based on this, a method is proposed to identify the local defects and fault types. The capacitive defects and inductive defects are identified according to the left or right offset of the amplitude spectrum; the short circuit and break faults of the cable can be identified according to the number of resonant points in the amplitude spectrum and the initial phase angle of the phase spectrum. Finally, to verify the correctness of the proposed method, a 10 kV three‐core cable is taken as an example to carry out PSCAD circuit simulation and practical test. The results show that the proposed method can effectively identify the local defects and fault types of the three‐core cable.
The GAPS programme at TNG
Authors: Naponiello L. , Mancini L. , Damasso M. , Bonomo A. S. , Sozzetti A. , Nardiello D. , Biazzo K. , Stognone R. G. , Lillo-Box J. , Lanza A. F. , Poretti E. , Lissauer J. J. , Zeng L. , Bieryla A. , Hébrard G. , Basilicata M. , Benatti S. , Bignamini A. , Borsa F. , Claudi R. , Cosentino R. , Covino E. , de Gurtubai A. , Delfosse X. , Desidera S. , Dragomir D. , Eastman J. D. , Essack Z. , Fiorenzano A. F. M. , Giacobbe P. , Harutyunyan A. , Heidari N. , Hellier C. , Jenkins J. M. , Knapic C. , König P.-C. , Latham D. W. , Magazzù A. , Maggio A. , Maldonado J. , Micela G. , Molinari E. , Molinaro M. , Morgan E. H. , Moutou C. , Nascimbeni V. , Pace E. , Pagano I. , Pedani M. , Piotto G. , Pinamonti M. , Quintana E. V. , Rainer M. , Ricker G. R. , Seager S. , Twicken J. D. , Vanderspek R. , Winn J. N. 
Published: July 2022

Context. Neptunes represent one of the main types of exoplanets and have chemical-physical characteristics halfway between rocky and gas giant planets. Therefore, their characterization is important for understanding and constraining both the formation mechanisms and the evolution patterns of planets.
Aims. We investigate the exoplanet candidate TOI-1422 b, which was discovered by the TESS space telescope around the high proper-motion G2 V star TOI-1422 (V = 10.6 mag), 155 pc away, with the primary goal of confirming its planetary nature and characterising its properties.
Methods. We monitored TOI-1422 with the HARPS-N spectrograph for 1.5 yr to precisely quantify its radial velocity (RV) variation. We analyse these RV measurements jointly with TESS photometry and check for blended companions through high-spatial resolution images using the AstraLux instrument.
Results. We estimate that the parent star has a radius of R⋆ = 1.019−0.013+0.014 R⊙, and a mass of M⋆ = 1.019−0.013+0.014 M⊙. Our analysis confirms the planetary nature of TOI-1422 b and also suggests the presence of a Neptune-mass planet on a more distant orbit, the candidate TOI-1422 c, which is not detected in TESS light curves. The inner planet, TOI-1422 b, orbits on a period of Pb = 12.9972 ± 0.0006 days and has an equilibrium temperature of Teq,b = 867 ± 17 K. With a radius of Rb = 3.96−0.11+0.13 R⊕, a mass of Mb = 9.0−2.0+2.3 M⊕ and, consequently, a density of ρb = 0.795−0.235+0.290g cm−3, it can be considered a warm Neptune-sized planet. Compared to other exoplanets of a similar mass range, TOI-1422 b is among the most inflated, and we expect this planet to have an extensive gaseous envelope that surrounds a core with a mass fraction around 10% – 25% of the total mass of the planet. The outer non-transiting planet candidate, TOI-1422 c, has an orbital period of Pc = 29.29−0.20+0.21 days, a minimum mass, Mcsin i, of 11.1−2.3+2.6 M⊕, an equilibrium temperature of Teq,c = 661 ± 13 K and, therefore, if confirmed, could be considered as another warm Neptune.