bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conditional Hospitality Toward Internal Refugees: Sweden During the Great Northern War, 1700–1721
Authors: Nauman Sari 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDuring the early eighteenth century, the eastern coastline of Sweden received an unprecedented number of internal refugees fleeing from Russian attacks in Finland and Sweden’s Baltic territories. This chapter traces the reception of these refugees in terms of delegated and conditional hospitality, and the responses it provoked. While the king formulated policies of hospitality, he delegated the coordination of efforts and the responsibility for separating deserving refugees from undeserving ones to a commission. The practical tasks of providing funds and performing day-to-day hospitality were delegated to local communities and individual subjects. The conditions of hospitality are revealed in the security measures that authorities and communities imposed on the refugees. By analyzing these measures and the responses they provoked from the refugees, I argue that hospitality hinged on the refugees being in Sweden temporarily—as soon as the war ended, they were expected to return home. Furthermore, the hospitality proved frail as the security measures led to autoimmunization: attempts by the commission to separate deserving from undeserving refugees created rifts between hosts and guests, aggravating the situation.
Iterated Local Search for the eBuses Charging Location Problem
Authors: Loaiza Quintana César , Climent Laura , Arbelaez Alejandro 
Published: August 2022

AbstractElectric buses (eBuses) will be the mainstream in mass urban transportation in the near future. Thus, installing the charging infrastructure in convenient locations will play a critical role in the transition to eBuses. Taking this into account, in this paper we propose an iterated local search algorithm to optimize the location of charging stations while satisfying certain properties of the transportation system, e.g., satisfying the demand and ensuring that the limited driving range of the buses will not impact the service. The effectiveness of our approach is demonstrated by experimenting with a set of problem instances with real data from 3 Irish cities, i.e., Limerick, Cork, and Dublin. We compare our approach against a MIP-based solution. Results show that our approach is superior in terms of scalability and its anytime behavior.
Progress Rate Analysis of Evolution Strategies on the Rastrigin Function: First Results
Authors: Omeradzic Amir , Beyer Hans-Georg 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA first order progress rate is derived for the intermediate multi-recombinative Evolution Strategy $$(\mu /\mu _I, \lambda )$$

(
μ
/

μ
I

,
λ
)

-ES on the highly multimodal Rastrigin test function. The progress is derived within a linearized model applying the method of so-called noisy order statistics. To this end, the mutation-induced variance of the Rastrigin function is determined. The obtained progress approximation is compared to simulations and yields strengths and limitations depending on mutation strength and distance to the optimizer. Furthermore, the progress is iterated using the dynamical systems approach and compared to averaged optimization runs. The property of global convergence within given approximation is discussed. As an outlook, the need of an improved first order progress rate as well as the extension to higher order progress including positional fluctuations is explained.
Verbesserte Qualität gelagerter Erythrozytenkonzentrate durch maschinelle Autotransfusion
Authors: Münch F. , Purbojo A. , Wenzel F. , Kohl M. , Dittrich S. , Rauh M. , Zimmermann R. , Kwapil N. 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungHintergrundDie Transfusion von Erythrozytenkonzentraten (EK) ist mit verschiedenen Nebenwirkungen assoziiert, die u. a. durch Lagerungsschäden an Erythrozyten hervorgerufen werden. Die Zellen verändern ihre Struktur und setzen dabei Kalium sowie Lactat frei. Zur Minimierung dieser negativen Effekte können die Erythrozyten mithilfe einer maschinellen Autotransfusion (MAT) unter Verwendung von Waschlösungen aufgereinigt werden.Ziel der ArbeitUntersuchung der Auswirkungen zweier Waschlösungen auf die gelagerten Erythrozyten.Material und MethodeIn der vorliegenden Studie wurden 30 EK mittels MAT (Xtra, LivaNova, München, Deutschland) gewaschen. Der Goldstandard 0,9 %ige Kochsalzlösung (n = 15; N‑Gruppe) wurde mit einer 4 mmol/l kaliumhaltigen Hämofiltrationslösung (HF) (n = 15; HF-Gruppe; Duosol) verglichen. In einer Subgruppenanalyse wurde eine Differenzierung bezogen auf die Lagerdauer der EK (7, 14, 37 Tage) bis zur Durchführung der MAT vorgenommen. Untersucht wurde der Einfluss der Waschlösungen sowie des EK-Alters auf ATP, Lactat, Glucose, Elektrolyte und Zitrat zu drei Messzeitpunkten vor MAT (EKprä), unmittelbar danach (EKpost) und nach 10 h im Retransfusionsbeutel (EKpost10h).Ergebnisse und DiskussionDie ATP-Konzentration nimmt durch die MAT-Waschung von EKprä zu EKpost signifikant zu (n = 30). Bei 37 Tage alten EK nimmt die ATP-Konzentration in der HF-Gruppe nach MAT stärker zu als in der N‑Gruppe. Durch die MAT-Waschung werden die Kalium‑, Lactat‑, Glucose- und Zitratkonzentration signifikant reduziert. Die MAT-Behandlung gelagerter EK verbessert deren Qualität. Das Waschen mit einer HF-Lösung führt zu einer physiologischeren Elektrolytzusammensetzung. Selbst 10 h nach MAT mit einer HF-Lösung ist die Qualität eines 37 Tage alten EK bezüglich der untersuchten Parameter mit einem jungen 7 Tage gelagerten, nichtgewaschenen EK vergleichbar.
Vermessung der Cochlea mittels eines Tablet-basierten Softwarepakets: Einfluss der Bildgebungsmodalität und des Untersucherhintergrunds
Authors: Weber Lena , Kwok Pingling , Picou Erin M. , Wendl Christina , Bohr Christopher , Marcrum Steven C. 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungHintergrundDie Größe der Cochlea ist individuell unterschiedlich, was sich in der variablen Länge des Ductus cochlearis (CDL) ausdrücken lässt. In der Cochleaimplantatversorgung ist ein in der Länge angepasster Elektrodenträger durch eine optimale Abdeckung der Cochlea erfolgversprechend. Dazu kann die CDL auf Höhe des Corti-Organs (CDLOC) mittels eines Tablet-basierten Softwarepakets ausgemessen werden, um abgestimmt auf die Anatomie einen passenden Elektrodenträger auszuwählen.FragestellungHaben die Modalität der Bildgebung und der Untersucherhintergrund einen Einfluss auf die Vermessung der CDL?MethodenDie Datensätze der Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) und Flachdetektor-Volumen-Computertomographie (fpVCT) von 10 Patienten (20 Cochleae) wurden in der Software OTOPLAN (MED-EL, Innsbruck, Österreich) analysiert. Als Untersucher wurden eine Oberärztin der Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, eine Assistenzärztin der HNO-Heilkunde und ein Audiologe ausgewählt. Zur Analyse der Effekte der Bildgebung und des Untersucherhintergrunds auf die CDL-Messungen wurden linear gemischte Modelle konstruiert.ErgebnisseDie Messungen ergaben einen Mittelwert CDLOC(fpVCT) = 36,69 ± 1,78 mm und CDLOC(MRT) = 36,81 ± 1,87 mm. Die Analysen zeigten keinen signifikanten Effekt des Untersucherhintergrunds auf die Messergebnisse (F (2, 105) = 0,84;p = 0,437). Die Bildgebungsmodalität zeigte einen signifikanten Einfluss (F (1, 105) = 20,70;p < 0,001), wobei die Messungen an MRT im Mittel um 0,89 mm größer waren.SchlussfolgerungDa der Untersucherhintergrund keinen Einfluss auf die Messungen hatte, lässt sich schließen, dass die Messungen nicht ausschließlich von ärztlichem Personal, insbesondere nicht nur von erfahrenen Neurootologen, durchgeführt werden müssen. Die Methode der Bildgebung (fpVCT vs. MRT) kann die CDL-Werte statistisch signifikant beeinflussen, wobei eine klinische Relevanz fraglich ist.
Bildgebung des Retinoblastoms
Authors: Schweiger Bernd , Göricke Sophia , Ketteler Petra , Biewald Eva , Kottke Raimund , Sirin Selma 
Published: August 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Das Retinoblastom ist der häufigste bösartige Augentumor im Kindesalter und in bis zu 40 % der Fälle mit einem Tumorprädispositionssyndrom assoziiert (RB1-Mutation). Die Bildgebung ist ein wichtiger Bestandteil der diagnostischen Evaluation von Kindern mit Retinoblastom zum Zeitpunkt der Diagnose und im Follow-up.

Ziel der Arbeit
Diese Übersichtsarbeit soll den aktuellen Stand der Technik und wichtige diagnostische Aspekte der radiologischen Bildgebung von Kindern mit Retinoblastom aufzeigen mit einem kurzen Ausblick in die Zukunft. Zusätzlich wird ein Überblick über die allgemeine klinische Diagnostik und die Therapiemöglichkeiten gegeben.

Material und Methoden
Basis der Arbeit ist die Recherche in verschiedenen Literaturdatenbanken sowie eigene Erfahrungen in der Bildgebung des Retinoblastoms.

Schlussfolgerung
Hochaufgelöste MRT-Bildgebung ist die Bildgebungsmodalität der Wahl bei Kindern mit Retinoblastomen zum Zeitpunkt der Diagnose (Abklärung der Diagnose/möglicher Differenzialdiagnosen, Evaluation der Tumorausdehnung okulär und intrakraniell) und im Follow-up. CT-Untersuchungen sind trotz der charakteristischen Verkalkungen zur Diagnostik nicht mehr indiziert. Da Retinoblastome bis zu 40 % mit Tumorprädispositionssyndromen assoziiert sind, sollte stets auch eine genetische Abklärung erfolgen.
No component loosening of a cementless deep dish rotating platform knee at a 5-year follow-up
Authors: Stadler Christian , Hofstätter M. , Luger M. , Stöbich M. , Ruhs B. , Gotterbarm T. , Klasan A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Cemented fixation remains the gold standard in total knee arthroplasty. With an increasing number of younger patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty and a growing patient population demanding higher physical activity, a rising interest in discussion of cementless fixation is notable. The current scientific literature does not give a clear recommendation for or against uncemented total knee arthroplasty. The purpose of this study was the investigation of the 5-year clinical and radiographic outcomes of a cementless deep-dish rotating platform implant.

Methods
A total of 91 primary cementless total knee arthroplasties were included in this single-centre prospective observational study. The primary outcome was revision rate due to aseptic component loosening. Further outcome measures were assessment of the of the radiographic outcome as well as the clinical outcome based on Range of Motion and scores such as American Knee Society Score, Oxford Knee Score, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score and European Quality of Life 5 Dimension 3 Level at a follow-up of 5 years.

Results
Mean age of the study population was 67.3 ± 6.6 years with 49.5% of the participants being female. Aseptic component loosening occurred in none of the patients. Implant survival with revision for any reason as endpoint was 97.8% (95% CI 100–96%) and 95.6% (95% CI 100–94%) with reoperation of any cause as endpoint. Radiolucent lines were detected in a total of eight cases (8.8%) and disappeared within the first year after surgery in five cases. Total Range of Motion improved significantly from 106° ± 15° preoperatively to 118° ± 10° at final FU (p < 0.001). All investigated scores improved significantly after total knee arthroplasty.

Conclusion
The results of this study reveal excellent mid-term performance of a cementless deep dish rotating platform total knee implant, with no component loosening, very low overall revision rate, only temporarily present radiolucent lines in a minority of patients and excellent clinical results. Therefore, cementless total knee arthroplasty is an appropriate treatment option for patients with severe osteoarthritis of the knee.

Level of evidence
Level II (prospective cohort study).
Vestibular and audiometric results after endolymphatic mastoid shunt surgery in patients with Menière’s disease
Authors: Spiegel Jennifer L. , Stoycheva Ivelina , Weiss Bernhard G. , Bertlich Mattis , Rader Tobias , Canis Martin , Ihler Friedrich 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurposeTreatment of Menière’s Disease (MD) comprises an array of both non-destructive and destructive treatment options. In patients who are therapy–refractory to non-destructive medical treatment, endolymphatic mastoid shunt surgery (EMSS) is both recommended and debated controversially. The aim of this study was to investigate safety in terms of hearing, vestibular function, complication rate, and efficacy with regards to vertigo control of EMSS in patients with MD according to the current diagnostic criteria of 2015.MethodsRetrospective analysis of 47 consecutive patients with definite or probable MD with description of demographic parameters, pre- and postoperative MD treatment, pre- and postoperative audiometric (pure tone audiometry) and vestibular (caloric testing) results. The parameters were compared between patients with and without postoperative vertigo control.Results31/47 patients (66.0%) had improved vertigo control postoperatively. Postoperative hearing and vestibular preservation were predominantly stable. No significant differences between patients with improved vertigo control and patients with no change or worse vertigo episodes were found. In the treatment refractory group, 4 patients required a revision EMSS and 6 a destructive MD treatment (5 gentamicin intratympanically, 1 labyrinthectomy). No peri- or postsurgical complications were reported.ConclusionsEMSS was found to be beneficial in two thirds of the patients with definite or probable Morbus Menière and a safe procedure regarding hearing and vestibular preservation with no postoperative complications. Therefore, EMSS should be considered before inducing destructive treatment options, such as intratympanic gentamicin application or labyrinthectomy.
Performance improvement of the GAGAN satellite-based augmentation system based on local ionospheric delay estimation in Thailand
Authors: Sophan Somkit , Myint Lin M. M. , Saito Susumu , Supnithi Pornchai 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSatellite-Based Augmentation System (SBAS) is essential to support aircraft navigation. L1 SBAS operates on the L1 frequency (1575.42 MHz) and is currently still of interest since all GNSS satellites and receivers do not fully support additional frequencies such as L5 (1176.45 MHz). Although the Global Positioning System (GPS) aided Geo Augmented Navigation (GAGAN) SBAS is available, the performances are degraded due to the discrepancies of the ionospheric correction over Thailand and surrounding areas. Hence, in this work, we propose a new method based on the geometry-free ionospheric delay estimation with a single frequency (L1) and a single reference station requirement. The local ionospheric delays are estimated based on the proposed method with the observed GPS and GAGAN data in Thailand. Then the ionospheric corrections are obtained from the estimated local ionospheric delays. The analysis shows that using the estimated corrections, the positioning errors are reduced both on quiet days and locally disturbed days in 2019. More reductions in the positioning errors are found in September and December than other months. In addition, we perform a preliminary availability assessment of two critical phases of flights. The GAGAN performances with the proposed method for the APV-I and LPV-200 categories are improved up to 57% and 53%, respectively, in comparison with the baseline method of the IGP correction.
Effects of dehorning on population productivity in four Namibia sub-populations of black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis bicornis)
Authors: Chimes Lucy C. , Beytell Piet , Muntifering Jeff R. , Kötting Birgit , Neville Vikki 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe black rhinoceros (rhino) (Diceros bicornis) is critically endangered, with poaching being one of several threats to the species’ survival. Many reserves across several countries, including Namibia, South Africa, and Zimbabwe, now dehorn their rhinos in an attempt to reduce poaching. Historical data collected by the Namibian Ministry of Environment, Forestry, and Tourism and Save the Rhino Trust were used to investigate whether dehorning has an effect on age at first reproduction (AFR), inter-calving interval (ICI), birth sex ratios, calf survival, cause of death, and lifespan. These were assessed in four Namibian sub-populations (hereafter referred to as ‘populations’) of black rhino (denoted A, B, C, and D) which have undergone varying levels of dehorning. No significant difference was found in any of the variables between dehorned and horned individuals. Population was a significant predictor of AFR (LRT = 7.433, p = 0.024) and ICI (LRT = 13.281, p = 0.004), although pairwise comparisons only found populations A and B to be significantly different (AFR: z = −2.736, p = 0.017, ICI: z = −3.705, p = 0.001). Additionally, a significantly higher number of males than females were born in population D (p = 0.021, CI = 0.544, 0.960). The main cause of death across all individuals was poaching, although there was no significant difference in the proportion of rhinos poached between dehorned and horned individuals (X2 = 0.638, p = 0.424, n = 265). No evidence was found to suggest that dehorning has any effect on AFR, ICI, birth sex ratios, calf survival, or lifespan in the black rhino, which is reassuring in the continued use of dehorning as an anti-poaching technique in this species.
Comparison of adult shift and non-shift workers’ physical activity and sleep behaviours: cross-sectional analysis from the Household Income and Labour Dynamics of Australia (HILDA) cohort
Authors: Fenwick Matthew J. , Oftedal Stina , Kolbe-Alexander Tracy L. , Duncan Mitch J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Aim
This study compares the pattern of physical activity and sleep between shift and non-shift workers using a novel physical activity–sleep index. By drawing from a diverse occupational population, this research aims to reduce any occupational specific biases which are prevalent in shift-work research.

Subject and methods
Current data included 7607 workers (shift workers n = 832) from the Household Income and Labour Dynamics of Australia cohort study. The combined physical activity–sleep index comprised three physical activity components and three sleep health components: achieving moderate (1pt) or high (2pts) IPAQ classification; accruing ≥30% of physical activity as vigorous intensity (1pt); meeting sleep duration recommendations on a work night (1pt); and non-work night (1pt); and reporting no insomnia symptoms (1pt) (higher score = healthy behaviour, max. 6). Generalised linear modelling was used to compare behaviours of shift and non-shift workers.

Results
Findings showed shift workers reported significantly lower activity–sleep scores (3.59 vs 3.73, p < 0.001), lower sleep behaviour sub-score (2.01 vs. 2.22, p < 0.001) and were more likely to report insomnia symptoms (p < 0.001) compared to non-shift workers. No difference was reported for overall physical activity (shift = 1.58 vs. non-shift = 1.51, p = 0.383).

Conclusion
When viewed in conjunction using the combined activity–sleep index, shift workers displayed significantly poorer combined behaviours when compared to non-shift workers.
Factors affecting students’ entrepreneurial intentions: a systematic review (2005–2022) for future directions in theory and practice
Authors: Maheshwari Greeni , Kha Khanh Linh , Arokiasamy Anantha Raj A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEntrepreneurship has been viewed as a critical contributor and an economic engine in a country for creating new jobs and it is crucial for graduates to alter their mindset to become self-employed. Thus, it is necessary to synthesize the factors that impact the entrepreneurial intentions (EI) of students at tertiary level. The aim of this research is twofold; first to identify the factors which have been most studied in the literature and second, to determine which factors are less explored to measure the EI of students. This research adopts the systematic review approach to identify various studies conducted between 2005 to June 2022. The paper further adopted citation analysis and identified the 36 most impactful studies in this area of research. Next, the thematic analysis was conducted and seven main themes (factors) (cognitive, personality, environmental, social, educational, contextual and demographic) of EI determinants were identified. The analysis of the papers clearly demonstrated that the TPB model and cognitive factors dominate this area of research. Furthermore, over half of the studies are conducted in Asia, hence it is important to explore other regions such as Africa, America and Europe and other comparative studies between various regions. The study offers avenues for future research and practical implications of the study for the practitioners.
The Effect of Temperature on Synthetic Nano β-Eucryptite and Alumina Ceramic Materials: Thermal Expansion, Mechanical, and Physical Properties
Authors: Abo-almaged H. H. , Hegazy W. H. , Sebak M. E. M. , Khattab R. M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe capability to fabricate ultra-low and customizable CTE materials with good mechanical properties in a simple method was demonstrated in this work. For this purpose, nano beta-eucryptite and alumina powders were synthesized and used in the composite's fabrication. Four composites of alumina and a second-phase beta-eucryptite were prepared, containing 10, 20, 30, and 40 wt.% beta-eucryptite. The temperature effect on prepared composites is investigated. The results of XRD analysis and the microstructures of prepared composites are discussed with results of mechanical strength and thermal expansion at temperature ranges of 1400, 1500, and 1550 °C. The CTE of alumina-beta-eucryptite composites decrease as the beta-eucryptite content increases, reaching -1.036 × 10–6 °C−1. The findings show that a composite with a very low thermal expansion coefficient and good mechanical properties can be designed and used in different applications.
Grounding and Applying an Ethical Test to Organisations as Moral Agents: The Case of Mondragon Corporation
Authors: Ardagh David 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMoral people (i) have good goals in acting in a challenging situation; and (ii) use their rightly disposed intellectual and voluntary capacities (virtues) and resources to choose a good action in that situation. This requires (iii) sound ethical deliberation and decision-procedures for realising practically the abstract values and principles relevant in the concrete situation. After deliberation about sub-goals and means, they (iv) choose to execute the best particular action plan. They will have canvassed possible outcomes of the intended act, which, when executed, will have a particular result and (v) consequent outcomes for themselves, and for others; and (vi) it will show respect for the wellbeing of the community or wider society, represented by the state, and reflected in state law. A comprehensive third-party moral judgement on the act will encompass the intention and execution of the act in the situation.Part 1, Sections I-IV of this paper argue that organisations can be said to be quasi-persons, personal and moral. As artificial organisational quasi-persons, with a similar structure to natural persons, they can also have analogues of the moral features of natural persons’ moral acts: i)-vi): good goals, rightly disposed capacities and resources, ethical decision procedures, good acts or activities, with good outcomes for others, and respect for society’s norms represented in state law. An ethical acronym, GREAOS, capturing the six dominant features shared with natural persons, is suggested.In Part 2, an application of GREAOS is then made to assess a concrete organisational case, Mondragon Corporation, in order to show how if the analogy between persons and organisations is sound in principle, the acronym’s application can be made to ethically unpack a case. The acronym gives Mondragon Corporation at least a pass on ethics. Although a work in progress, its success in realising ideals of economic democracy can be an exemplar of stakeholder capitalism, an alternative to an unbridled shareholder capitalism, which has had its day.