bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photosynthesis, Respiration, and Thermal Energy Dissipation in Leaves of Two Phenotypes of Plantago media L. under Environmental Conditions
Authors: Golovko T. K. , Zakhozhiy I. G. , Shelyakin M. A. , Silina E. V. , Tabalenkova G. N. , Malyshev R. V. , Dalke I. V. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The ability to maintain the balance between the absorbed light energy and energy used in photosynthesis is a key factor of plant adaptation to variable environmental conditions. In this work, diurnal variations in photosynthesis, respiration, thermal energy dissipation, and the activity of the antioxidant system were studied in hoary plantain (Plantago media L.) growing on an open slope (sun plants) and under natural shading in the herbage (shade plants). The highest leaves net photosynthetic rate (Pn) was observed early in the morning and amounted to 2.6 and 9.2 μmol CO2/m2 s in shade and sun plants, respectively. In the daytime, the Pn values of sun plants decreased significantly (threefold) along with the decrease in stomatal conductance; changes of both parameters developed concurrently with the increase in insolation and air temperature. The Pn changes in leaves of shade plants were less pronounced and weakly dependent on stomatal conductance. The leaves of shade plants contained comparatively high amounts of soluble carbohydrates, whereas the sun plant leaves accumulated larger amounts of starch. In the daytime, nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) of chlorophyll a fluorescence in photosystem II of sun plant leaves could be as large as 2.6 rel. units, which was four- to fivefold higher than NPQ in shade plants. In leaves of sun plants in the morning and evening hours, the ratio of cytochrome pathway (CP) and the alternative (AP) respiratory pathways was approximately 1.0, whereas this ratio decreased to 0.4 during the day, synchronously with an increase in NPQ. The CP/AP ratio in shade plant leaves remained constant throughout the diurnal cycle and equaled 1.4, indicating a comparatively high energy efficiency of respiration in shaded plants growing under the grass canopy. The leaves of sun plants featured an increased content of superoxide anion radical and hydrogen peroxide as well as the elevated activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, guaiacol peroxidase) that control the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. The results emphasize the importance of coordinated changes in energy-dissipating processes and the activity of the antioxidant system for maintaining the energy and redox balance in phototrophic tissues during long-term adaptation of plants to environmental conditions, excessive insolation in particular.
Potential impacts of general practitioners working in or alongside
emergency departments in England: initial qualitative findings from a
national mixed-methods evaluation
Authors: Scantlebury Arabella , Brant Heather , Anderson Helen , Leggett Heather , Salisbury Chris , Cowlishaw Sean , Voss Sarah , Benger Jonathan Richard , Adamson Joy 
Published: November 2022

Objectives
To explore the potential impacts of introducing General
Practitioners into Emergency Departments (GPED) from the perspectives of
service leaders, health professionals and patients. These ‘expectations
of impact’ can be used to generate hypotheses that will inform future
implementations and evaluations of GPED.

Design
Qualitative study consisting of 228 semistructured
interviews.

Setting
10 acute National Health Service (NHS) hospitals and the wider
healthcare system in England. Interviews were undertaken face to face or
via telephone. Data were analysed thematically.

Participants
124 health professionals and 94 patients and carers. 10 service
leaders representing a range of national organisations and government
departments across England (eg, NHS England and Department of Health)
were also interviewed.

Results
A range of GPED models are being implemented across the NHS due to
different interpretations of national policy and variation in local
context. This has resulted in stakeholders and organisations
interpreting the aims of GPED differently and anticipating a range of
potential impacts. Participants expected GPED to affect the following
areas: ED performance indicators; patient outcome and experience;
service access; staffing and workforce experience; and resources. Across
these ‘domains of influence’, arguments for positive, negative and no
effect of GPED were proposed.

Conclusions
Evaluating whether GPED has been successful will be challenging.
However, despite uncertainty surrounding the direction of effect, there
was agreement across all stakeholder groups on the areas that GPED would
influence. As a result, we propose eight domains of influence that will
inform our subsequent mixed-methods evaluation of GPED.

Trial registration number
NCT51780222.
Interventions to reduce stigma related to contraception and abortion: a scoping review
Authors: Sorhaindo Annik , Rehnstrom Loi Ulrika 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesWe conducted a scoping review to identify the types, volume and characteristics of available evidence and analyse the gaps in the knowledge base for evaluated interventions to reduce contraception and abortion stigma.DesignWe conducted a search of five electronic databases to identify articles published between January 2000 and January 2022, and explored the websites of relevant organisations and grey literature databases for unpublished and non-commercial reports. Articles were assessed for eligibility, and data were extracted.Data sourcesWe searched MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and PsycINFO.Eligibility criteriaArticles included were: (1) published between January 2000 and January 2022, (2) written in English, (3) reports of the evaluation of an intervention designed to reduce contraceptive and/or abortion stigma, (4) used any type of study design and (5) conducted in any country context.Data extraction and synthesisIncluded studies were charted according to study location, study aim, study design, type of contraceptive method(s), study population, type of stigma, and intervention approach.ResultsSome 18 articles were included in the final analysis (11 quantitative, 6 qualitative and 1 mixed methods). Fourteen of the studies focused exclusively on abortion stigma, and two studies focused on contraception stigma only; while two studies considered both. A majority of the studies aimed to address intrapersonal stigma. We found no interventions designed to address stigma at the structural level. In terms of intervention approaches, seven were categorised as education/training/skills building, five as counselling/peer support, three as contact and three as media.ConclusionThere is a dearth of evaluations of interventions to reduce contraception and abortion stigma. Investment in implementation science is necessary to develop the evidence base and inform the development of effective interventions, and use existing stigma scales to evaluate effectiveness. This scoping review can serve as a precursor to systematic reviews assessing the effectiveness of approaches.
Depression, anxiety and their associated factors among patients with cancer receiving treatment at oncology units in Amhara Region, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Endeshaw Destaw , Walle Tarkie Abebe , Yohannes Senay 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms, and their associated factors among patients with cancer receiving cancer treatment in Amhara region oncology centres in Northwest, Ethiopia.DesignInstitution-based cross-sectional study was conducted.SettingThree oncology units at comprehensive hospitals in the Amhara region, Ethiopia.ParticipantsAdult patients who had a pathologically confirmed cancer diagnosis and received cancer therapy were our study participants.Main outcome measuresThe Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to assess anxiety and depression symptoms.ResultA total of 392 patients with cancer participated in this study, of which 57.1% (95% CI 52.1% to 62.1%) and 60.2% (95% CI 55.2% to 65.1%) had anxiety and depression, respectively.Poor social support (adjusted OR, AOR=4.43, 95% CI (1.70 to 11.50)), poor performance status (AOR=1.97, 95% CI (1.02 to 3.79)) and increased pain severity (AOR=1.30, 95% CI (1.14 to 1.48)) were factors associated with anxiety. Furthermore, poor performance status (AOR=2.77, 95% CI: (1.42, 5.39)) and pain severity (AOR=1.25, 95% CI: (1.11 to 1.42)) were significantly associated with depression.Conclusion and recommendationAnxiety and depression were common among patients with cancer. Social support, performance status and pain were determinant factors of anxiety in patients with cancer. Moreover, performance status and pain were associated with depressive symptoms. Therefore, patients with low social support, poor performance status and severe pain should get special emphasis.
Predictors of somatic symptom persistence in patients with chronic kidney disease (SOMA.CK): study protocol for a mixed-methods cohort study
Authors: Shedden-Mora Meike C , Jessen Birte , Schmidt-Lauber Christian , Löwe Bernd , Rösch Michael , Dannemeyer Hendrik , Gloy Joachim , Van den Bergh Omer , Huber Tobias B 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionSeven of 10 patients with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) experience burdensome persistent somatic symptoms (PSS). Despite the high prevalence and relevance for quality of life, disease progression and mortality, the pathogenesis of PSS in CKD remains poorly understood. The SOMA.CK study aims to investigate biopsychosocial predictors and their interactions for PSS in non-dialysis CKD and to develop a multivariate prognostic prediction model for PSS in CKD.Methods and analysisThe study is a mixed-methods cohort study with assessments at baseline, 6 and 12 months. It aims to include 330 patients with CKD stages G2–4 (eGFR=15–89 mL/min/1.73 m2). Primary outcome is the CKD-specific somatic symptom burden assessed with the CKD Symptom Burden Index. Secondary outcomes include quality of life, general somatic symptom burden and functioning. The interplay of biomedical (eg, biomarkers, epigenetics), treatment-related (eg, therapies and medication) and psychosocial variables (eg, negative affectivity, expectations) will be investigated to develop a prognostic prediction model for PSS. In an embedded mixed-methods approach, an experimental study in 100 patients using an affective picture paradigm will test the effect of negative affect induction on symptom perception. An embedded longitudinal qualitative study in 40–50 newly diagnosed patients will use thematic analysis to explore mechanisms of symptom development after receiving a CKD diagnosis. SOMA.CK is part of the interdisciplinary research unit ‘Persistent SOMAtic Symptoms ACROSS Diseases’.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Hamburg Medical Association (2020-10195-BO-ff). Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, scientific conferences, the involvement of our patient advisory board and the lay public. Focusing on subjective symptom burden instead of objective disease markers will fundamentally broaden the understanding of PSS in CKD and pave the path for the development of mechanism-based tailored interventions.Trial registration numberISRCTN16137374.
Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma and palliative care: a scoping review
Authors: Tian Tian , Guo Ju , Hu Ju-Lan , Hu Yue , Guo Ping , Yu Xiao-Yun 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundPatients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have specific palliative care needs owing to the influence of the disease on abdominal pain, jaundice, bleeding, appetite, ascites, liver function and hepatic encephalopathy. This research would help develop care models and identify knowledge gaps in the field.AimsTo identify the palliative care needs and experiences of patients with advanced HCC.MethodsCINAHL, EMBASE and MEDLINE were used to search English literature from January 1998 to March 2022 for ‘Palliative care’ and ‘Hepatocellular cancer’ using precise inclusion and exclusion criteria.ResultsThe retrieves identified 2710 records, including 33 studies used in our research. Two additional studies were grey items. Among 35 studies, 13 studies were performed in Asia, 11 studies in North America, 8 studies in Europe and 3 studies in Australia. Quantitative investigations were mostly descriptive or observational. Eight studies were conducted on a national scale, while two were in specific regions. 20 studies were conducted by a single institution. 22 studies focused only on patients, 2 on family caregivers and 2 on healthcare professionals. 2 more studies concentrated on patients and family caregivers, while 6 concentrated on patients and healthcare professionals.ConclusionsThis scoping study illustrates the complexity of advanced HCC treatment and challenges in modern healthcare systems. Formulating appropriate referral criteria, integrating and coordinating care, and assessing care contents are crucial. To enhance the treatment of patients with advanced HCC, it is important to understand the relationships between research and service design across teams, disciplines and care settings.
Complete genome analysis of Pseudomonas furukawaii ZS1 isolated from grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) culture water
Authors: Niu Shuhui , Gong Wangbao , Li Zhifei , Zhang Kai , Wang Guangjun , Yu Ermeng , Xia Yun , Tian Jingjing , Li Hongyan , Ni Jiajia , Xie Jun 
Published: November 2022

Pseudomonas furukawaii ZS1, isolated from grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idellus) culture water, exhibits efficient aerobic nitrate reduction without nitrite accumulation; however, the molecular pathway underlying this aerobic nitrate reduction remains unclear. In this study, we constructed a complete genome map of P. furukawaii ZS1 and performed a comparative genomic analysis with a reference strain. The results showed that P. furukawaii ZS1 genome was 6 026 050 bp in size and contained 5427 predicted protein-coding sequences. The genome contained all the necessary genes for the dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonia pathway but lacked those for the assimilatory nitrate reduction pathway; additionally, genes that convert ammonia to organic nitrogen were also identified. The presence of putative genes associated with the nitrogen and oxidative phosphorylation pathways implied that ZS1 can perform respiration and nitrate reduction simultaneously under aerobic conditions, so that nitrite is rapidly consumed for detoxication by denitrification. The aim of this study is to indicate the great potential of strain ZS1 for future full-scale applications in aquaculture. This work provided insights at the molecular level on the nitrogen metabolic pathways in Pseudomonas species. The understanding of nitrogen metabolic pathways also provides significant molecular information for further Pseudomonas species modification and development.
Microwave plasma discharge-assisted surface modification of PVA films: coatings and food packaging
Authors: Elashry S. , ELsaeed H. , El-Siragy N. M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film was treated with low-cost microwave oven oxygen plasma. A number of several types of microscopies, including scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle and work of adhesion, were utilized in order to investigate the impact that the plasma had on the PVA film. After plasma treatment, it was discovered that the contact angle had decreased from 39° ± 0.4 to 20.8° ± 0.2, which suggests that the surface property had changed to a hydrophilic state due to increased hydroxyl groups (C=O, O=C–O) according to our finding from the results of XPS. The increase in surface roughness was observed. Recent research suggests that the properties of PVA can be modified by adjusting the degree of oxidation, which could lead to new improvements in applications based on PVA. This could pave the way for food packaging, air-conditioner panels, and coating applications.
Glycoprotein Serum Concentrations Assessed By 1H-NMR are Increased in Patients With High Blood Pressure
Authors: Andreychuk Natalia , Llop Dídac , Moreno-Vedia Juan , Girona Josefa , Ibarretxe Daiana , Rodríguez-Borjabad Cèlia , Plana Núria , Masana Lluís 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Patients with hypertension present a permanent state of low-grade inflammation, as the disease activates several pro-inflammatory cells and inflammatory pathways. Glycoproteins A, B, and F, determined by proton nuclear magnetic resonance, provide a highly sensitive method for determining a group of liver-derived pro-inflammatory proteins, and their role has not yet been explored in patients with hypertension. In this study, we evaluated the impact of plasma concentrations of these glycoproteins in patients with hypertension.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study involved 340 patients attending our vascular and metabolism medicine unit. Of them, 129 were normotensive and 211 were hypertensive. Standard biochemistry and carotid ultrasound measures were performed. Serum concentrations of glycoproteins A, B, and F were determined by proton nuclear magnetic resonance.

Results:
Hypertensive patients presented a higher prevalence of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes and higher glycoprotein A, B, and F concentrations. Glycoproteins A, B, and F were positively correlated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Multivariate logistic models showed that glycoproteins A, B, and F were associated with higher odds of being hypertensive. Machine learning methods corroborated the relationship between glycoproteins and high blood pressure. The higher prevalence of carotid plaques in patients with high blood pressure was partially mediated by glycoproteins A and F.

Conclusions:
Patients with hypertension present systemic, subclinical inflammation as assessed by liver-derived glycoprotein A, B, and F serum levels. These results support the effect of hypertension on the mechanisms of systemic inflammation. Hypertension-associated systemic inflammation plays a role in hypertension-associated vascular injury and probably in hypertension-induced damage to other organs.
Libido, Psychic Eugenics and Abnormality
Authors: Tzanaki Demetra 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This article attempts to resituate the Greek regime of 4th of August 1936 within the wider context of interwar fascism in Europe and address it as fascist ideology and practice. It does so by pointing to the ways in which the biomedical discourse on gender and sexuality was pivotal in Ioannis Metaxas’s project in terms of playing a crucial role in normalising ideas of racial, class, sexual and gender hierarchy. The article has two areas of focus. The first approaches the eugenic discourse developed in Greece and Europe under liberal governments. This relied on the premise that the mental or psychic disorders it accounted for, identified mainly among the lower classes, were diagnosed as diseases of the ‘libidinous libido’ when it came to criminality, poverty, strikes, psychic diseases and brutal deaths. The second area of focus reveals how, once trained to detect biological and psychical anomalies, Metaxas’s regime managed to perform something that now gives the impression of a magic trick: by waving the wand of psychiatric technocracy over a scene of profound economic inequality, it cultivated an authoritarian, patriarchal, biomedical discourse on psychic normality.
Ideological Forerunners of Metaxas's Regime
Authors: Papari Aikaterini (Kate) 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Constitutional change in interwar Greece was prepared for by political figures who, overwhelmed by ongoing political and social crisis and strongly involved in intense political debates on the crisis of parliamentarianism, endorsed the disestablishment of the Second Hellenic Republic. This article focuses on conservative intellectuals influenced by German sociologists, such as Max and Alfred Weber, Italian and Spanish scholars such as Vilfredo Pareto and José Ortega Y Gasset, and neo-Kantian and neo-Hegelian philosophers and constitutional lawyers. Claiming to stand above politics, they argued restored nationalism was the only doctrine that could promote the fulfilment of the nation’s ‘mission’. These intellectuals argued democracy and class-based parties, especially the left, undermined the concept of parliamentarianism, weakened the ideal of democracy, and would lead the country to chaos. As a counterbalance, they promoted political ideas that supposedly benefited the state and Hellenism in general. They advocated for charismatic leadership, discussed implementation of ‘controlled democracy’, and proclaimed an idealistic millennialism, a modern Platonic republic of the ‘prime’, led by the ‘philosopher-king’.
Editorial Introduction
Authors: Kallis Aristotle , Souvlis George 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
There are few more challenging tests of fascist core-periphery topographies than the case of interwar Greece. Greece can claim no significant fascist movement in the interwar years; no significant fascist political party; and no dictatorial regime inspired by a genuinely revolutionary ultranationalist vision. In the last category, the only possible candidate, the 4th of August dictatorial regime headed by the retired general Ioannis Metaxas, was established late (1936) and lasted only for a few short years until the death of the dictator (January 1941). The contributions to this special issue on interwar Greece feature not only diverse aspects of the Metaxas regime but also offer broader perspectives on the ideological and political dynamics of fascism across the 1920s and 1930s. This special issue intends to build bridges between historical and sociological approaches; between the study of ideas and the analysis of policies; between contextual specificities and international trends; and, in the end, between recent historiographies of generic fascism and of modern Greek history. Collectively, the contributions also evince a plea to take the fascist experience and the potential for radical ruptures in interwar Greece more seriously.
International Fascism and the Allure of the ‘Third Way’ in Interwar Greece
Authors: Kallis Aristotle 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The rise and victory of Italian Fascism in the first half of the 1920s passed Greece by. Yet soon afterwards the international experience of ‘fascism’ found more receptive audiences within the prodigious dissident ‘third spaces’ where more and more mainstream Greek political actors chose to operate in the interwar period. This article explores the dynamics of the ideological and political formation of ‘third ways’ in interwar Greece, paying attention to the interplay between international stimuli and local contextual singularities. In these thirding spaces ‘fascism’ was understood and operationalised in very different, subjective, and ever-shifting ways by each of these actors. It was regarded mostly as a potential component of diverse thirding processes/solutions and rarely as the desired outcome thereof. This explains why fascism came to inform a range of very different thirding projects in interwar Greece—from pursuing rupture and renewal to aspiring to status quo-affirmation; from liberal to conservative to authoritarian visions; from searching for a short-term ‘remedy’ to envisioning a long-term radical transformation.