bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seizure Control Among Children on Anti-epileptic Drugs at a Tertiary Hospital in South Western Uganda- A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Jane Namusisi , Mike Kyewalyanga , Stephen Sabiiti , Angelique Murorunkwere , Josephine Nantongo , Jane Nakibuuka , Sajatovic Martha , Stella Kyoyagala , Peters Kalubi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Epilepsy is the commonest neurological disease globally. Up to 70% of the people with epilepsy can attain good seizure control with appropriate timely diagnosis and treatment, hence better quality of life. However, this is not often achievable in low resource settings.Aims: This study aimed at determining the seizure control status, describing the factors associated with poor seizure control among children on anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) for at least six months at MRRH.Methods: A two stage retrospective cohort study was done. In the first stage, eligible participants were identified and secondary data obtained from their medical records about the baseline social demographics and clinical characteristics at enrollment into the Epilepsy clinic. In the second stage, physical or telephone interview with the care takers were conducted about the current status of the participants. Children below 18 years of age on anti-epileptic drugs for at least six months were consecutive enrolment into this study. Results: A total of 112 participants were enrolled. Of these, three quarters (75%) had generalized onset seizures, 23% had focal onset seizures and 2% had unknown onset motor seizures. Poor seizure control occurred among 60.4% (95% CI 50.9- 69.9) of the participants. Having a comorbidity (p-value 0.048 AOR 3.2 (95% CI 1.0-9.9)), history suggestive of birth asphyxia (p-value 0.014 AOR 17.8 (95% CI 1.8- 176.8)) and being an adolescent (P-value 0.006, AOR (95% CI 1.8-26.6)) were significantly associated with poor seizure control.Conclusion: The commonest seizure type in our setting were the generalized onset seizures. The proportion with poor seizure control among children on AEDs for at least six months was high. Children with a comorbidity, history suggestive of birth asphyxia at baseline and adolescents were more likely to have poor seizure control and therefore need to be keenly followed up.
Identifying candidate genes involved in the regulation of growth using comparative transcriptome analysis (Androctonus crassicauda)
Authors: Salabi Fatemeh , Jafari Hedieh 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
BackgroundScorpions are venomous arthropod belonging to the arachnida, which considered as living fossils. Recently, transcriptomic analyses of scorpion venom gland were carried out by high-throughput sequencing and further analysis, but so far, the transcriptional analysis of venom gland of scorpion in different growth stages (adult and juvenile) have not been examined. Here, an Illumina-based sequencing study was designed to detect the candidate genes associated with growth development of scorpions of A. crassicauda. ResultsA total of 209951 mRNA transcripts were identified from total RNA-seq data, of which 963 transcripts were differentially expressed (DE) in adult and juvenile scorpions (p<0.01). Overall, we identified 397 out of 558 up-regulated transcripts and 269 out of 405 down-regulated transcripts with sequence similarity to annotated genes from various animals. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses indicated that the metabolic, thermogenesis, cytoskeleton, estrogen signaling, GnRH signaling, growth hormone signaling and melanogenesis pathways were affected by two different growth conditions and the results suggested that the DE genes related to those pathways are important biomarker genes associated with scorpions development and maturation, in which they may be important in future studies, including Chs, Elovl, MYH, RDX, ACTN, VCL, PIP5K, PP1C, FGFR, GNAS, EGFR, CREB, CoA, PLCB, CALM, CACNA, PKA and CAMK genes. ConclusionsThese findings broadened our knowledge about the differences between adult and juvenile scorpion’s venom and opens new perspectives about the application of comparative transcriptome analysis to identify the special biomarkers.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Minor Zr Addition On Short And Medium-Range Orders of Cu-Zr Metallic Glass
Authors: Cao Xianying , Sun Minhua 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The compositional dependence of the atomic structure and glass-forming ability (GFA) was systematically studied in a binary alloy series Cu 100-x Zr x (x= 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 10.0) by molecular dynamics simulations. Several structural analysis techniques are adopted to find a direct relationship between the atomic structures and GFA by minor Zr addition. The simulation results confirm that the difference among the critical cooling rates proves the enhancement of GFA. It is found that the Zr addition can enhance the icosahedra short-range order (SRO). From another side, in terms of MRO, the addition of Zr can enhance interpenetrating icosahedra connection which will give rise to the Bergman-icosahedra medium-range order, resulting in a more stable, more compact, and more complex structures, which is responsible for the enhanced GFA in CuZr alloys. Furthermore, the five-fold symmetry governs the formation of the amorphous state and may behaves as a principal indication of the formation of the glass state during the cooling process. We also found a critical Zr content of 3%, below which the effect of Zr on the structures is not obvious. However, when the Zr content is higher than 3%, the Zr can rapidly change the structures of the liquid and glassy structure. These results are helpful for understanding the GFA of CuZr alloys.
Hyperglycemia-induced Overexpression of PHLPP1 Compromised the Cardioprotective Effect of Ischemic Postconditioning via Modulating the Akt/Mst1 Pathway Signalling.
Authors: Qiu Yun , Meng Yuming , Jia Yajuan , Lang Xuemei , Zhao Hongmei , Ding Lianshu , Wang Tingting , Sun Hong , Gao Sumin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose Ischemic postconditioning (IPostC) alleviates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury, but the protective effect is lost in diabetes. PH domain leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatase1 (PHLPP1) is able to inactivate Akt. Our previous study found that PHLPP1 expression was upregulated in diabetic heart. We presumed that attenuation of myocardial injury by IPostC might be hindered by PHLPP1 overexpression in diabetic animals. Methods and results Non-diabetic and diabetic mice were subjected to 45 min ischemia followed by 2 h reperfusion with or without IPostC. H9c2 cells were exposed to normal or high glucose and subjected to 4 h hypoxia followed by 4 h reoxygenation with or without hypoxic postconditioning (HPostC). IPostC attenuated postischemic infarction, apoptosis, creatine kinase-MB and oxidative stress, accompanied with increased p-Akt as well as decreased PHLPP1 expression and p-Mst1 in non-diabetic but not in diabetic mice. PHLPP1 knockdown or Mst1 inhibitor reduced hypoxia/reoxygenation (HR)-induced cardiomyocyte damage in H9c2 cells exposed to normal glucose, but the effect was abolished by PI3K/Akt inhibitor. HPostC attenuated HR-induced cardiomyocyte injury and oxidative stress accompanied with increased p-Akt as well as decreased PHLPP1 expression and p-Mst1 in H9c2 cells exposed to normal glucose but not high glucose. In addition, HPostC in combination with PHLPP1 knockdown or PHLPP1 knockdown alone reduced cell death and oxidative stress in H9c2 cells exposed to high glucose, which was hindered by PI3K/Akt inhibitor. Conclusion IPostC prevented myocardial IR injury partly through PHLPP1/Akt/Mst1 signalling, and the abnormality of this pathway may be responsible for the loss of IPostC cardioprotection in diabetes.
Indication-prescription study for the management of conjunctivitis in a Colombian population
Authors: Valladales-Restrepo Luis Fernando , Machado-Duque Manuel Enrique , Gaviria-Mendoza Andrés , López-Caicedo Diana Fiorella , Ospina-Cano Juan Alberto , Oyuela-Gutiérrez María Camila , Martínez-Pulgarín Dayron Fernando , Machado-Alba Jorge Enrique 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Conjunctivitis is one of the most common ocular pathologies. Its treatment depends on its etiology, but an excessive use of antibiotics and corticosteroids, which in many cases are contraindicated, has been described. The objective was to describe the prescription patterns of medications used to treat conjunctivitis in a Colombian population.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on the pharmacological treatment of patients diagnosed with conjunctivitis based on a drug-dispensing database of approximately 8.5 million people affiliated with the Colombian Health System. Some sociodemographic and pharmacological variables and comorbidities were considered. A descriptive analysis was performed.Results: A total of 8,708 patients were identified; they had a median age of 44.7 years, and 59.3% were women. The most common causes of conjunctivitis were unspecified (53.1%) and allergic (37.4%). The most commonly used drug was olopatadine (26.1%), followed by dexamethasone with neomycin and polymyxin B (25.0%). A total of 97.0% of the patients received ophthalmic prescriptions, while 12.8% received systemic medications. Glucocorticoids (40.3%), antibiotics (37.7%) and antihistamines (31.7%) were the most commonly used groups of ophthalmic drugs. Glucocorticoids and ophthalmic antibiotics were the medications most frequently prescribed by general practitioners for the treatment of viral or bacterial conjunctivitis.Conclusions: Many patients with conjunctivitis are not being managed according to the recommendations of clinical practice guidelines, which highlights that the widespread use of antibiotics with ophthalmic glucocorticoids could be considered potentially inappropriate prescriptions in many cases.
Cannibalism and intraguild predation involved in the intra- and inter-specific interactions of the invasive fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and lepidopteran maize stemborers
Authors: Sokame Bonoukpoe Mawuko , Sokame Bonoukpoè Mawuko , Musyoka Boaz , Mohammed Samira A. , Tamiru Amanuel , Bruce Anani , Anderson Peter , Karlsson Green K. , Calatayud Paul-André 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Intra- and interspecific competitions play important role in determing spread and survival/death (cannibalism or intraguild predation) of organisms which share the same resource. However, the trends of relation between cannibalism and intraguild predation, and the costs and benefits of such behaviours are difficult to establish within insect communities and a little is known about how such behaviours are affected by invasive species. The present study was aimed at assessing the interactions between larvae of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) and maize stemborers (Busseola fusca, Sesamia calamistis and Chilo partellus) in relation to cannibalism and intraguild predation when they are subjected to utilize the same resource. Experiments involving treatments with either single species of S. frugiperda or any of the stemborers or pairwise species combinations were conducted under laboratory conditions. The experimental insect larvae were reared on maize leaves and monitored until the last developmental stage where larval survival, mortality, and cannibalism and/or intraguild predation were recorded. Results of the intra-specific interaction indicated that S. frugiperda exhibited cannibalism to a larger degree than the stemborers species, especially at the late instars stages. The higher cannibalism trait in S. frugiperda turned however to competitive advantage as it led to a higher degree of intraguild predation when they cohabit with other stemborer species. Overall, interaction with S. frugiperda is thus detrimental for the stemborer species and may be an important factor to explain the invasive success of the pest. Such knowledge is essential in designing successful integrated pest management strategies.
Interpolating Resident Attitudes Toward Exurban Roadside Forest Management
Authors: DiFalco Steven , Morzillo Anita , Ghosh Debarchana 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Context: Knowledge about spatial patterns of human dimensions data within landscape ecology is nascent despite its importance in natural resources management decision-making. We explored this topic within the context of utility roadside forest vegetation management, a complex situation involving ecological, cultural, and aesthetic aspects of forests and reliable power.Objectives We applied spatial interpolation to investigate patterns of human attitudes toward exurban roadside vegetation management data across an exurban landscape.Methods Mail surveys (n = 1962) were used to collect social science data from residents in four areas of Connecticut, USA. For each area, three attitudes variables were evaluated for spatial autocorrelation using Moran’s I statistic. Based on identified autocorrelation distance or scale, attitudes were interpolated using inverse distance weighting. Model validation of interpolated surfaces was completed using root mean square error.Results: Statistically significant spatial autocorrelation was present for five of 12 study area-attitude pairings at variable distances. Accuracy of interpolations also varied among study areas, suggesting that the choice of spatial scale of analysis influenced model results. Conclusions: Social processes within the exurban landscape were spatially heterogeneous and multi-scalar for the same variables in different locations, exemplifying the complexity of social processes within exurban land use. Interpolation assumptions often applied toward ecological studies did not work well for social processes studied in this analysis. Results demonstrated the importance of understanding spatial dimensions at which social processes operate and, therefore, may influence ecological outcomes of the roadside forest within the context of state-level natural resources management and policy.
Polypyrrole coated fabrics as high performance sensors and heating elements
Authors: Liu Hao , Wang Yu , Wang Tanyu , Li Jin , Liu Yuanjun , Liu Yitao , Liu Li 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Flexible piezoresistive sensors and electrically heated elements as an important part of flexible electronics, due to its wide range of application are studied. In this paper, a low-cost and large-scale manufacturing method to build high-performance sensors and heating elements was proposed. In order to construct a polypyrrole (PPy)/ dopamine (PDA)/cotton fabric, the in-situ polymerization was used to prepare dopamine coated cotton fabrics and to deposit PPy to prepare high performance fabrics. The PPy/PDA/cotton fabric as sensors has an operating range of 0~16 kPa, a sensitivity of up to 60.23 kPa -1 and a minimum detection limit of 64 Pa. It has excellent electric heating performance with a fast temperature rise response of 100 s, a maximum equilibrium temperature of 115.5 ℃ and a thermal stability of 7200 s. The PPy/PDA/cotton fabric can be used to detect minute signals such as pulse movement and human movement with real-time stable heating, which shows the good prospect of PPy/PDA/cotton fabrics in the field of smart wearable devices.
FOXA1 is a transcriptional activator of Odf2/Cenexin and regulates primary ciliation
Authors: Hoyer-Fender Sigrid , Czerny Christian Carl , Borschel Anett , Cai Mingfang , Otto Madeline 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Primary cilia are sensory organelles essential for embryonic and postnatal development, and tissue homeostasis in adulthood. They are generated in a cell cycle-dependent manner and found on most cells of the body. Although cilia formation is intensively investigated virtually nothing is known about the transcriptional regulation of primary ciliation. We used here Odf2/Cenexin, encoding a protein of the mother centriole and the basal body that is mandatory for primary cilia formation, as the starting point for the identification of transcriptional activators. We identified a consensus binding site for Fox transcription factors (TFs) in its promoter region and focused here on the Fox family. We found transcriptional activation of Odf2 neither by FOXO TFs nor by the core TF for multiciliation, FOXJ1. However, we identified FOXA1 as a transcriptional activator of Odf2 by reporter gene assays and qRT-PCR, and showed by qWB that Foxa1 knockdown caused a decrease in ODF2 and CP110 proteins. We verified the binding sequence of FOXA1 in the Odf2 promoter by ChIP. Finally, we demonstrated that knockdown of FOXA1 affected primary cilia formation. We, thus, showed for the first time, that FOXA1 regulates primary ciliation by transcriptional activation of ciliary genes.
Efficacy and Safety of Infliximab Biosimilar (REMSIMA) in Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis After Switching From Infliximab Reference Product: 12 Months Comparative Open-label Study
Authors: Mathkhor Abdulsatar , Khudhairy Amer , Abdullah Abdulnasser 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Efficacy, tolerance, and safety of infliximab biosimilar are the same as infliximab reference product (RP) in the management of Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) patients previously were on infliximab RP. We aimed to evaluate CT-P13 (Remsima) efficacy and safety to its RP.Methods: Seventy-eight consecutive randomly selected patients were recruited for the study. All were naïve to any other biologics, receiving infliximab RP, and all were in clinical remission. Patients were divided into two subgroups, 40 patients continued on infliximab RP, and 38 patients switched to infliximab biosimilar. Both groups followed up for further 12 months. The disease activity was measured utilizing the Ankylosing Spondylitis disease activity score (ASDAS), using the C-reactive protein, the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis disease activity index (BASDAI). Remission considered when BASDAI < 4 and ASDAS < 1.3. Functional scores for all patients were assessed using the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI).Results: Both groups showed sustained clinical remission after 12 months of treatment. For the switching group, mean BASDAI, BASFI, and ASDAS were 1.2, 2.4, and 5.2, respectively. For the continuous group, mean BASDAI, BASFI, and ASDAS were 1.2, 2.2, and 5.1, respectively; the difference was statistically insignificant (p values>0.05). No significant adverse events were noted in the switching group compared to the continuous group. Conclusion: Infliximab biosimilar CT-P13 (Remsima) was not inferior to infliximab RP and can maintain AS patients in clinical remission.
Evaluation of The Landslide Processes In Cayambe, Pichincha, Ecuador
Authors: Flores Graciela , Strokova Lyudmila A. , Varela-Aldás José 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The present work proposes the use of the statistical method of frequency ratio (RF) and the hierarchical analytical process (AHP) to obtain zoning maps of the landslide processes, determining the susceptible areas in the territory of the Cayambe canton located in the province of Pichincha in Ecuador. Statistical methods use sample data based on the relationship between landslides and causal factors, evaluating the combination of these data objectively. As results, it was identified that the analysis of the landslide indices according to the FR method and the AHP method, shows that the inclination of the slope and the exposure are the important factors in the analysis of the susceptibility of the territory. However, a separate analysis shows that, for the FR method, the stratigraphic genetic complex factor is the most relevant, while for the AHP method, the most important factor is the steepness of the slope. On the other hand, the analysis of the distribution of landslides by parish shows that rural parishes present a greater number of landslide processes. In this way, it is highlighted that the Cangahua rural parish has 42% of the total landslides identified in the canton. Followed by the parishes Santa Rosa de Cusubamba and San Jos´e de Ayora, together with 29% of the landslides. For the rest of the parishes, the landslide rate does not exceed 9%.
Relationship of residual feed intake with semen parameters and testicular ultrasound of Nellore bulls
Authors: Borges Marcelo Sant'Ana , Silva Marina de Oliveira , Fernandes Luana Gomes , Rodrigues Naiara Nantes , Rossi Guilherme Fazan , Dell’Aqua Camila de Paula Freitas , Bonilha Sarah Figueiredo Martins , Mercadante Maria Eugênia Zerlotti , Monteiro Fabio Morato 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Residual feed intake (RFI) is one of the main tools used to identify feed efficiency. However, there is no consensus on the true impact of RFI on male reproductive traits in cattle. The study aimed to evaluate characteristics of the testicular parenchyma and vascular parameters of the pampiniform plexus obtained by ultrasound, semen quality parameters, and sperm freezability in Nellore bulls classified based on RFI. Twenty-seven bulls (21.82±0.88 months of age) evaluated for feed efficiency were sampled for the study, including 15 with low RFI (-0.592±0.09 kg dry matter/day) and 12 with high RFI (0.792±0.10 kg dry matter/day). In ultrasound and Doppler assessment, the most efficient animals (low RFI) showed higher pulsatility and resistive indexes, as well as a tendency (P=0.061) towards greater heterogeneity of the testicular parenchyma (0.625±0.032 vs. 0.508±0.032; 1.012±0.072 vs. 0.802±0.072 and 12.9±0.96 vs. 10.2±0.96, respectively, for low vs. high RFI). However, these animals tended (P=0.0652) to have lower peak diastolic velocity (5.19±0.50 for low RFI vs. 6.54±0.50 for high RFI). Analysis of fresh semen showed a lower percentage of minor defects in low RFI animals (2.67±1.19%) compared to high RFI animals (8.10±1.19%), without differences in the other parameters in fresh or thawed semen and after thermoresistance testing. Evaluation of flow cytometry parameters showed a higher quality of mitochondrial respiration in semen samples of low RFI animals (22.04±2.50%) compared to high RFI animals (12.29±2.71%). In conclusion, although RFI exerts an effect on the Doppler parameters of the pampiniform plexus, it was not sufficient to affect the quality of fresh or thawed semen.