bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of sustained health policy and population-level interventions on reducing the prevalence of obesity in the Caribbean region: A qualitative study from The Bahamas
Authors: Poitier Francis , Kalliecharan Ricky , Ebenso Bassey 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundThe 2020 Global Nutrition Report highlights that despite improvements in select nutrition indicators, progress is too slow to meet the 2025 Global Nutrition Targets. While the Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region has achieved the greatest global reduction in undernutrition (stunting, underweight, and wasting) in the past decade, it also has the highest prevalence of people with overweight worldwide. Since the early 2000s, the region has mounted increasingly comprehensive and multi-sectoral policy interventions to address nutritional health outcomes. The Bahamas is one such LAC country that has used consistent policy responses to address evolving nutritional challenges in its population. After addressing the initial problems of undernutrition in the 1970s and 80s, however, overconsumption of unhealthy foods has led to a rising prevalence of obesity which The Bahamas has grappled with since the early 2000s.ObjectiveThis study develops a timeline of obesity-related health policy responses and explores the macrosocial factors and conditions which facilitated or constrained public health policy responses to obesity in The Bahamas over a 20-year period.MethodsThis multi-method case study was conducted between 2019 and 2021. A document review of health policies was combined with secondary analysis of a range of other documents and semi-structured interviews with key actors (policymakers, health workers, scholars, and members of the public). Data sources for secondary data analysis included policy documents, national survey data on obesity, national and regional newspaper websites, and the Digital Library of the Caribbean database. An adapted framework approach was used for the analysis of semi-structured interviews.ResultsBetween 2000 and 2019, a series of national policies and community-level interventions were enacted to address the prevalence of obesity. Building on previous interventions, obtaining multi-sectoral collaboration, and community buy-in for policy action contributed to reducing obesity prevalence from 49.2 to 43.7% between 2012 and 2019. There are, however, constraining factors, such as political and multi-sectoral challenges and gaps in legislative mandates and financing.ConclusionSustained multilevel interventions are effective in addressing the prevalence of obesity. To maintain progress, there is a need to implement gender-specific responses while ensuring accessibility, availability, and affordability of nutritious food for all.
Analysis of the risk factors for severe lung injury after radical surgery for tetralogy of fallot
Authors: He Yan , Zhang Hong-Sheng , Zhang Ting-Zhou , Feng Yu , Zhu Yan , Fan Xing 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the risk factors for severe lung injury (SLI) (partial pressure of oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen &lt;150) after radical surgery for tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary stenosis (TOF/PS) in children.MethodA retrospective analysis was conducted including a total of 287 children with TOF/PS aged below 10 years (including 166 males) who had undergone radical surgery at the Center of Pediatric Heart Disease of the Beijing Anzhen Hospital (China) from 2018 to 2020.ResultsA total of 83 cases (28.9%) had SLI after surgery. Univariate analysis showed that age, weight, pulmonary artery index (PAI), cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time, and polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) percentage on the first day after surgery were risk factors for postoperative SLI. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that PAI, PMN percentage on the first day postoperatively, and CPB time were independent risk factors for SLI after surgery. The prediction model was established as follows: Logit(P) = 2.236 + 0.009*CPB-0.008*PAI-0.035*PMN, area under the curve (AUC) = 0.683, P &lt; 0.001, sensitivity 65.8%, and specificity 68.6%. Following surgery, static lung compliance was significantly lower in the SLI group compared with the routine group. Complication rates and mortality were significantly higher in the SLI than in the routine group. Ventilator support times, the length of intensive care unit stays, and the total lengths of hospital stay were significantly longer in the SLI than in the routine group.ConclusionThe occurrence of SLI following radical surgery for TOF in children significantly affected postoperative recovery, and PAI, PMN percentage on the first day postoperatively, and CPB time were independent risk factors for SLI.
The hidden blood loss and its factors in patients undergoing minimally invasive knee arthroscopy
Authors: Li Sheng , A Liang 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundWith respect to knee arthroscopy, assessing the amount of hidden blood loss is of great importance to avoid potential complications such as fever, anemia, difficulty in wound healing and wound infection. The current study aims to investigate the hidden blood loss and its factors in patients who underwent minimally invasive knee arthroscopy.MethodsConsecutive patients with knee joint injury, who underwent arthroscopic minimally invasive treatment, were enrolled from January 2019 to November 2020 and were retrospectively studied. Demographic information on these patients, such as medical history and biochemical parameters, was collected. The hidden blood loss was calculated. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to confirm independent factors associated with hidden blood loss.ResultsFinally, a total of 100 patients aged 44.78 ± 13.67 (range 17–66) years were reviewed, and it was found that a substantial amount of [387.02 ± 252.56 (range 18.89–1130.06) ml] hidden blood loss occurred after minimally invasive knee arthroscopy. Univariate analysis showed that this hidden blood loss was negatively correlated with age, gender, postoperative hemoglobin, and postoperative hematocrit (all P &lt; 0.05), while it was positively correlated with body mass index (BMI), length of hospital stay, preoperative red blood cells, preoperative hemoglobin, preoperative hematocrit, blood volume, and the presence of medical conditions (all P &lt; 0.05). Further multivariate linear regression indicated that preoperative hematocrit, blood volume, and postoperative hematocrit were independent factors associated with actual blood loss, and preoperative hematocrit, blood volume, postoperative hematocrit, and gender were independent factors associated with hidden blood loss, respectively (all P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionPreoperative hematocrit, preoperative blood volume, postoperative hematocrit, and gender are the influencing factors of hidden blood loss in patients undergoing minimally invasive treatment under knee arthroscopy. More attention should be paid to hidden blood loss and its factors during the perioperative period.
Survival benefit of primary and metastatic tumor resection for colon cancer with liver metastases: A population based, propensity score-matched study
Authors: Qiao Yunfeng , Qiao Yunfeng , Li Huijun , Fu Jinge , You Shuping 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundColon cancer remains one of the most common malignancies and we aimed to evaluate whether surgery has an effect on the survival of metastatic colon patients.MethodsWe analyzed 7,583 metastatic colon patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, between January 2010 and December 2015. Using Cox proportional hazards models and Kaplan-Meier curves, the overall survival rate (OS) and cancer-specific survival rate and End Results (SEER) registry (CSS) months (m) were evaluated with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to adjust for potential baseline confounding of all comparison groups.ResultsIn general, receiving both primary and metastatic tumor resection (PMTR) remarkably improved OS and CSS compared with only primary tumor resection (PTR) after PS matching (PSM) (P &lt; 0.05), with a significantly improved OS (HR = 0.74, 95%CI = 0.69–0.80) and CSS (HR = 0.71, 95%CI = 0.66–0.76) in all stage M1 colon patients. The stratification analysis indicated a significant difference between OS and CSS in M1a and M1b stages. After PSM, PMTR was found to be associated with remarkably improved OS and CSS for patients with liver metastases but not associated with OS and CSS of patients with lung metastases in both M1a and M1b stage.ConclusionsThe results from this large SEER cohort supported PMTR might improve the survival of colon patients with liver metastases on the basis of chemotherapy.
Clinicopathological Implications of ASAP1 Expression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Bang Seongsik , Jee Seungyun , Son Hwangkyu , Cha Hyebin , Sim Jongmin , Kim Yeseul , Park Hosub , Myung Jaekyung , Kim Hyunsung , Paik Seungsam 
Published: August 2022

Background: The expression of ArfGAP with SH3 domain ankyrin repeat and PH domain 1 (ASAP1) is increased in various types of cancer, showing potential as a prognostic marker. The clinicopathological implications of ASAP1 expression in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. We thus investigated the clinicopathological significance and prognostic effect of ASAP1 expression in HCC patients.Materials and Methods: ASAP1 expression was assessed in 149 HCC tissue samples using immunohistochemistry (IHC). The associations between ASAP1 expression and clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed. The prognostic effect of ASAP1 expression in patients with HCC was evaluated based on survival analyses and confirmed using a web-based tool.Results: ASAP1 expression was observed in the cytoplasm of tumor cells. High ASAP1 expression was observed in 89 (59.7%) of 149 cases. High ASAP1 expression was significantly associated with male patients (p = 0.018), higher histological grade (p = 0.013), vessel invasion (p = 0.021), and higher stage (p = 0.020). High ASAP1 expression was associated with shorter overall survival (OS; p = 0.041) and recurrence-free survival (RFS; p = 0.008) based on Kaplan-Meier survival analyses. Web-based analysis using Kaplan-Meier (KM) plotter showed high mRNA ASAP1 expression to be associated with short OS (p = 0.001).Conclusion: High ASAP1 expression was associated with aggressive clinicopathological characteristics and poor clinical outcomes in patients with HCC. ASAP1 can be considered a prognostic biomarker in HCC patients.
A Fully Integrated, Power-Efficient, 0.07–2.08 mA, High-Voltage Neural Stimulator in a Standard CMOS Process
Authors: Palomeque-Mangut David , Rodríguez-Vázquez Ángel , Delgado-Restituto Manuel 
Published: August 2022

This paper presents a fully integrated high-voltage (HV) neural stimulator with on-chip HV generation. It consists of a neural stimulator front-end that delivers stimulation currents up to 2.08 mA with 5 bits resolution and a switched-capacitor DC-DC converter that generates a programmable voltage supply from 4.2 V to 13.2 V with 4 bits resolution. The solution was designed and fabricated in a standard 180 nm 1.8 V/3.3 V CMOS process and occupied an active area of 2.34 mm2. Circuit-level and block-level techniques, such as a proposed high-compliance voltage cell, have been used for implementing HV circuits in a low-voltage CMOS process. Experimental validation with an electrical model of the electrode–tissue interface showed that (1) the neural stimulator can handle voltage supplies up to 4 times higher than the technology’s nominal supply, (2) residual charge—without passive discharging phase—was below 0.12% for the whole range of stimulation currents, (3) a stimulation current of 2 mA can be delivered with a voltage drop of 0.9 V, and (4) an overall power efficiency of 48% was obtained at maximum stimulation current.
Correction of Vascular Calcification and Hyperphosphatemia in CKD Rats Treated with ASARM Peptide
Authors: Rowe Peter S. , McCarthy Ellen M. , Yu Alan L. , Stubbs Jason R. 
Published: August 2022

Key Points

This study describes a novel drug treatment to prevent vascular calcification in patients with CKD and on dialysis.For the first time, we describe a potential therapeutic to treat renal osteodystrophy and vascular calcification in CKD.This study describes a novel therapeutic to prevent and possibly to treat calciphylaxis in patients with CKD and on dialysis.

Background
Abnormalities in calcium, phosphorus, PTH, vitamin D metabolism, bone, and vascular calcification occur in chronic kidney disease mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD). Calciphylaxis, involving painful, ulcerative skin lesions, is also a major problem associated with CKD-MBD. There are no quality medical interventions to address these clinical issues. Bone ASARM peptides are strong inhibitors of mineralization and induce hypophosphatemia by inhibiting phosphate uptake from the gut. We hypothesize treatment of CKD-MBD rats with ASARM peptides will reverse hyperphosphatemia, reduce soft-tissue calcification, and prevent calciphylaxis.

Methods
To test our hypothesis, we assessed the effects of synthetic ASARM peptide in rats that had undergone a subtotal 5/6th nephrectomy (56NEPHREX), a rodent model of CKD-MBD. All rats were fed a high phosphate diet (2% Pi) to worsen mineral metabolism defects. Changes in serum potassium, phosphate, BUN, creatinine, PTH, FGF23, and calcium were assessed in response to 28 days of ASARM peptide infusion. Also, changes in bone quality, soft-tissue calcification, and expression of gut Npt2b (Slc34a2) were studied following ASARM peptide treatment.

Results
Rats that had undergone 56NEPHREX treated with ASARM peptide showed major improvements in hyperphosphatemia, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and bone quality compared with vehicle controls. Also, ASARM-infused 56NEPHREX rats displayed improved renal, brain, and cardiovascular calcification. Notably, ASARM peptide infusion prevented the genesis of subdermal medial blood vessel calcification and calciphylaxis-like lesions in 56NEPHREX rats compared with vehicle controls.

Conclusions
ASARM peptide infusion corrects hyperphosphatemia and improves vascular calcification, renal calcification, brain calcification, bone quality, renal function, and skin mineralization abnormalities in 56NEPHREX rats. These findings confirm our hypothesis and support the utility of ASARM peptide treatment in patients with CKD-MBD.
Analisa Kapasitas Penampang Sungai dengan Metode HEC-RAS 4.1.0 (Studi Kasus Sungai Sigeleng Kec. Brebes)
Authors: Feriska Yulia , Ahmad Izzuddin  
Published: August 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kapasitas penampang sungai Sigeleng Kec. Brebes. berdasarkan analisis hidrologi dan hidrolika menggunakan program HEC-RAS 4.1.0. Perhitungan hidrologi dilakukan menggunakan data hujan yang diperoleh dari Dinas Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Air (PSDA) dan Penataan Ruang Kabupaten Brebes dari tahun 2009-2018. Setelah menghitung dengan beberapa macam metode distribusi maka diambil kesimpulan bahwa metode distribusi yang tepat dilakukan pada penilitian ini adalah distribusi log normal. Kemudian dari hasil perhitungan distribusi tersebut didapat distribusi curah hujan kala ulang 2 tahun, 5 tahun, 10 tahun, 25 tahun, 50 tahun, dan 100 tahun. Ada beberapa metode perhitungan dalam menghitung debit rencana. Metode rasional dipilih karena menghasilkan debit paling tinggi dibandingkan perhitungan metode yang lain. Debit ini akan diinputkan untuk analisis hidrologi kedalam model saluran pada program HEC-RAS yang kemudian diamati sehingga pada output model diperoleh gambaran penampang melintang dan penampang memanjang aliran dalam model saluran serta diketahui pada kala ulang berapakah debit saluran tersebut menyebabkan banjir. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan pada kala ulang 25 tahun distribusi curah hujan mencapai 377.97 mm/jam dengan debit rencana 31.29 m3/detik. Dan pada kala ulang 25 tahun ini kapasitas penampang sungai masih bisa menampungnyaTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kapasitas penampang sungai Sigeleng Kec. Brebes. berdasarkan analisis hidrologi dan hidrolika menggunakan program HEC-RAS 4.1.0. Perhitungan hidrologi dilakukan menggunakan data hujan yang diperoleh dari Dinas Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Air (PSDA) dan Penataan Ruang Kabupaten Brebes dari tahun 2009-2018. Setelah menghitung dengan beberapa macam metode distribusi maka diambil kesimpulan bahwa metode distribusi yang tepat dilakukan pada penilitian ini adalah distribusi log normal. Kemudian dari hasil perhitungan distribusi tersebut didapat distribusi curah hujan kala ulang 2 tahun, 5 tahun, 10 tahun, 25 tahun, 50 tahun, dan 100 tahun. Ada beberapa metode perhitungan dalam menghitung debit rencana. Metode rasional dipilih karena menghasilkan debit paling tinggi dibandingkan perhitungan metode yang lain. Debit ini akan diinputkan untuk analisis hidrologi kedalam model saluran pada program HEC-RAS yang kemudian diamati sehingga pada output model diperoleh gambaran penampang melintang dan penampang memanjang aliran dalam model saluran serta diketahui pada kala ulang berapakah debit saluran tersebut menyebabkan banjir. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan pada kala ulang 25 tahun distribusi curah hujan mencapai 377.97 mm/jam dengan debit rencana 31.29 m3/detik. Dan pada kala ulang 25 tahun ini kapasitas penampang sungai masih bisa menampungnya
Penggunaan Informasi Akuntansi, Peran Pemerintah Dan Kinerja Pedagang Sate Ikan Tanjung Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Yuliati Ni Nyoman 
Published: August 2022

The impact of pandemic covid-19 felt also by traders Tanjung fish satay in North Lombok. Lack of buyers causes some traders not to sell until conditions improve.This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of the use of accounting information and the role of the government on the performance of Tanjung fish satay traders during the covid-19 pandemic. The population in this study are all Tanjung fish satay traders with a total of 50 traders in the Tanjung market area, highway Tanjung or along the road to the center of North Lombok City. The sample was determined by using the Slovin formula with the sampling technique, namely incidental sampling. The number of samples that can be analyzed is 30 samples. Data were analyzed by multiple linear regression with SPSS 25 software. The results prove that the use of accounting information has a positive and insignificant effect on the performance of Tanjung fish satay traders. Meanwhile, the government's role has a positive and significant effect on the performance of Tanjung fish satay traders.Tanjung fish satay traders recognize the importance of using accounting information but have not been able to apply it due to limited human resources.
Graph Based Deep Learning for Spatial Reuse Optimization in Dense WLAN Deployments
Authors: Azeez Stephen , Henna Shagufta 
Published: August 2022

<p>The IEEE 802.11ax standard is designed to provide high-efficiency WLAN operating in dense deployment, with a focus on increasing robustness and uplink transmission. IEEE 802.11ax aims to deliver self-configuration and self-adaptation capabilities for interference management techniques in dense deployments, to improve overall network conditions. The IEEE 802.11ax medium strives to intelligently use network allocation vectors (NAV), which block simultaneous transmission of neighboring co-existing access points from transmitting for a set period of time. Given an acceptable collision probability, this collision avoidance strategy tends to degrade network throughput and increase transmission delays since the medium is never completely exploited. In this paper, we propose affinityGNN, a graph neural network approach to actively optimize network co-existence transmission in a dense scenario. We introduce direct-affinityGNN which considers direct communications between IEEE802.11ax-compliant wireless systems and in contrast, skip-affinityGNN, which considers communication between IEEE802.11ax and Legacy devises by aggregating neural messages from direct and skip (two-hop) communicating neighbors in the dense wireless network deployment. Extensive experimental results not only show the superior performance of our proposed model over the state-of-the-art, but also demonstrate its potentially good interpretability and robustness for wireless network structure.</p>
Integrating Machine Learning and Mathematical Optimization for Job Shop Scheduling
Authors: Liu Anbang , Luh Peter , Sun Kailai 
Published: August 2022

<p>Job-shop scheduling is an important but difficult integer optimization problem for low-volume and high-variety manufacturing, with solutions required to be obtained quickly at the beginning of each shift. In view of the increasing demand of customized products, problem sizes are growing. Machine learning (ML) is a promising solution methodology. Direct learning solutions, however, is difficult because of the NP-hard nature of the problem. In this paper, ML and the decomposition and coordination approach of Surrogate Lagrangian Relaxation are synergistically integrated. ML is used to learn and predict “good enough” solutions of part subproblems, which are not NP-hard. Nevertheless, the task is still challenging in view of the quite different parts to be scheduled from shift to shift, the complicated tardiness-related objective function, and many part-level constraints. To address these issues, a generic pointer network is developed for all parts after part subproblems are innovatively reformulated to be at a much simplified and streamlined level. The pointer network is also novelly enhanced with a masking mechanism so that predictions satisfy all part-level constraints. Numerical results demonstrate that the enhanced pointer network can learn and predict subproblem solutions well, and that near-optimal solutions of large problems are efficiently obtained. The performance of the method is expected to further improve through continual learning. </p>
Interface Board for Robotic Neuromorphic Systems
Authors: Russo Nicola , Huang Haochun , Madsen Thomas , Nikolic Konstantin 
Published: August 2022

<p>Neuromorphic computing is going to be the new standard in low power AI applications. The integration between new neuromorphic hardware and traditional microcontroller is an open challenge. Here we present an interface board and a communication protocol that allows the communication between different devices using a microcontroller unit (Arduino Due) in the middle. Our compact printed circuit board (PCB) board links different devices as a whole system and provides power supply for the entire system using batteries as power source. Specifically, we have connected a Dynamic Vision Sensor (DVS128), SpiNNaker board and a servo motor, creating a platform for intercepting incoming objects. The data rate of the implemented interface board is 24.64k symbols/s and the latency for generating commands is about 11ms. The complete system is run only by batteries making it very suitable for robotic applications. </p>
وسائل مراجعة أحكام التحكيم في القانون الإماراتي ( دراسة مقارنة )
Authors: الشوحه خالد 
Published: August 2022

تبحث هذه الدراسة عن رأي المشرع الإماراتي في حال طلب تفسير حكم التحكيم الغامض أو تصحيحه أو إصدار أحكام إضافية عليه، ومقارنتها بالتشريعات والاجتهادات القضائية والفقهية المختلفة، للوصول إلى حلول مناسبة الإتباع داخل دولة الإمارات.
وقد تمت معالجة هذه الدراسة من خلال ثلاثة فصول، تناول الباحث في الفصل الأول تفسير أحكام التحكيم غير الواضحة مبيناً فيه شروط التفسير وحالاته وإجراءاته، والمرجع المختص بذلك والنتائج المترتبة على التفسير.
أما في الفصل الثاني فقد تناول تصحيح الأخطاء من حيث طبيعة الخطأ وشروطه وحالاته وصاحب السلطة في ذلك، أما في الفصل الثالث فبين فيه الطلبات المُغفلة والجهة المختصة في نظرها وقواعد إصدارها وحجيتها. وفي ضوء ما تقدم ختم الباحث هذه الدراسة بأهم النتائج والتوصيات التي توصل اليها.