bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Melatonin for the Treatment of Insomnia: A 2022 Update
Authors: Hamel Candyce , Horton Jennifer 
Published: May 2022

Two umbrella reviews, 7 systematic reviews, and 2 randomized controlled trials provided mixed results on the clinical effectiveness of melatonin for insomnia, when compared to placebo. Some studies reported improvement in sleep and quality of life outcomes with melatonin, and some studies reported no difference between patients who received melatonin and those who received placebo.
Efficacy of melatonin was measured both objectively (e.g., polysomnography, actigraphy) and subjectively (e.g., validated questionnaires, sleep diaries), and was measured across multiple outcomes.
Two guidelines recommend melatonin for insomnia, but the strength of the recommendations was not reported. One guideline recommends melatonin for insomnia, based on very low evidence (but the evidence was unclear). One guideline recommends against melatonin for chronic insomnia disorder (weak recommendation). The evidence for these recommendations was not well reported across the guidelines.
No studies were found that evaluated the clinical effectiveness of melatonin compared to prescription sedatives in people with insomnia that met the criteria for this review.
No studies were found for the cost-effectiveness of melatonin in people with insomnia that met the criteria for this review.
Liderazgo gerencial y competitividad laboral de Infocentro SRL., Jaén, Perú
Authors: Ramirez Soto Alison Nathaniel , Puican Rodriguez Victor Hugo 
Published: May 2022

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo principal: Identificar el nivel de influencia del liderazgo gerencial en la competitividad laboral de los trabajadores de INFOCENTRO SRL- de Jaén, Perú. Se consideró una investigación de tipo aplicada, con nivel descriptiva - correlacional, de la misma manera se decidió utilizar un diseño de investigación no experimental, transeccional; la muestra estuvo conformada por 103 trabajadores de la empresa Infocentro SRL de Jaén, Perú. La técnica considerada fue la encuesta y el instrumento fue el cuestionario. Los resultados demostraron que el liderazgo gerencial alcanzó un 58% en el nivel moderado, mientras que la competitividad laboral obtuvo un 47% en el nivel moderado. Se concluye que el liderazgo gerencial y la competitividad laboral mantienen una correlación positiva considerable dado que ambas obtuvieron un Rho de Spearman de 0.579, asimismo, se aprecia que el liderazgo personal alcanzó un Rho de Spearman de 0.620 y el liderazgo por resultados obtuvo un Rho de Spearman de 0.597 demostrando que ambas dimensiones mantienen una correlación positiva considerable con la variable competitividad laboral, también, en todos los resultados se alcanzó una sigma bilateral menor a 0,05, demostrando que mientras el gerente tenga la habilidad del liderazgo podrá influenciar en que los trabajadores sean competitivos en cada labor que realizan en la empresa Infocentro Jaén SRL.
On the links between sub-seasonal clustering of extreme precipitation and high discharge in Switzerland and Europe
Authors: Tuel Alexandre , Schaefli Bettina , Zscheischler Jakob , Martius Olivia 
Published: May 2022

Abstract. River discharge is impacted by the sub-seasonal (weekly to monthly) temporal structure of precipitation. One example is the successive occurrence of extreme precipitation events over sub-seasonal timescales, referred to as temporal clustering. Its potential effects on discharge have received little attention. Here, we address this topic by analysing discharge observations following extreme precipitation events either clustered in time or occurring in isolation. We rely on two sets of precipitation and discharge data, one centred on Switzerland and the other over Europe. We identify “clustered” extreme precipitation events based on the previous occurrence of another extreme precipitation within a given time window. We find that clustered events are generally followed by a more prolonged discharge response with a larger amplitude. The probability of exceeding the 95th discharge percentile in 5 d following an extreme precipitation event is in particular up to twice as high for situations where another extreme precipitation event occurred in the preceding week compared to isolated extreme precipitation events. The influence of temporal clustering on discharge decreases as the clustering window increases; beyond 6–8 weeks the difference in discharge response with non-clustered events is negligible. Catchment area, streamflow regime and precipitation magnitude also modulate the response. The impact of clustering is generally smaller in snow-dominated and large catchments. Additionally, particularly persistent periods of high discharge tend to occur in conjunction with temporal clusters of precipitation extremes.
PENGARUH PENDAPATAN TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN PT INFOMEDIA SOLUSI HUMANIKA FATMAWATI JAKARTA SELATAN PERIODE 2018 – 2019
Authors: Sugiarti Sugiarti , Damayanti Nuri , Oktiyani Rina , Rahmiyatun Fitri 
Published: May 2022

Pengukuran kinerja keuangan suatu perusahaan sangat penting, karena dengan mengetahui kinerja keuangannya dapat digunakan untuk menilai keberhasilan dan mengetahui kekuatan dan kelemahan perusahaan yang bersangkutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinerja keuangan PT Infomedia Solusi Humanika periode 2018 – 2019. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder yakni laporan laba rugi dan data pendapatan perusahaan. Kinerja keuangan PT Infomedia Solusi Humanika yang diukur menggunakan rasio keuangan adalah Return on Asset (ROA). Hasil penelitian menggunakan analisis rasio keuangan dan pendapatan diperoleh nilai pearson correlation = – 0,793 yang artinya ada hubungan yang kuat dan berlawanan antara pendapatan terhadap kinerja keuangan PT Infomedia Solusi Humanika periode 2018 – 2019. Dari hasil perhitungan uji koefisien determinasi didapat nilai r2 = 0,629 atau 62,9 % yang artinya ada pengaruh antara pendapatan terhadap kinerja keuangan PT Infomedia Solusi Humanika periode 2018 – 2019 dan dari hasil uji persamaan rergesi didapat nilai Y = 10,993 – 0,121 X yang artinya ada persamaan regresi antara pendapatan terhadap kinerja keuangan PT Infomedia Solusi Humanika periode 2018 – 2019.
Does Mistreatment and Perceived Stress Impact Career Choice for LGBTQ+ US Medical Students?: An Analysis of AAMC Data
Authors: Snyder Elise , Hebb John , Geng Xue , Plankey Michael 
Published: May 2022

Introduction The impact of psychosocial stressors on specialty choice among sexual minority vs sexual majority medical students remains unclear. Past studies have suggested that sexual minority individuals are less likely to pursue specialties considered to have more intensive postgraduate training. We explored how sexual orientation, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and cumulative experience of mistreatment (ie, mistreatment experience variable [MEV]) during medical school influences specialty selection using longitudinal data from the Association of American Medical Colleges matriculation (2014) and graduation (2018) questionnaires. Design, Setting, and Participants A multinomial logistic regression model evaluated the association of sexual orientation, PSS, and MEV on specialty choice, adjusting for age, gender, race, US geographical region of medical school, and 2 interaction terms. Interactions between sexual orientation and PSS and MEV were not significant. The sample included 12 128 participants. Results Compared with heterosexual students, homosexual students were less likely to choose general surgery or surgical subspecialties (P = .004) and orthopedics (P = .002) over internal medicine. Homosexual students with a PSS score of 7 or greater were less likely to choose general surgery or surgical subspecialty (P = .03), orthopedics (P = .02), and emergency medicine (P < .001) than internal medicine. Additionally, homosexual students who reported an MEV score of 3 or greater were less likely to choose orthopedics (P = .007) over internal medicine. Conclusions These data suggest that stress and mistreatment during medical school significantly impact specialty choice, particularly for homosexual students. To correct these disparities and broaden LGBTQ+ representation across all specialties, institutions need to explore early career advising for students with greater perceived stress and increase efforts to eradicate mistreatment of sexual minority students during medical training.
Comparison Study of ALPHA 1-Antitrypsin, And Some Elements in Iraqi Cord Blood new Born with their Mothers
Authors: Saeed Wasen Hadi , sa'adi Warka'a T. Al- 
Published: May 2022

Umbilical cord blood (UCB) consider as a waste product after obstetrical but when the medicine development, it was found that UCB abundant of life saving hematopoietic stem cell and contents of soluble growth factors which is necessary for proliferation.	Alpha- antitrypsin (α1-AT) is mainly synthesized in the hepatocytes by the liver then secreted to the circulation Its function is Remove the acute inflammation through supperion cytokine production and inhibits different enzymes such as neutrophil elastase (NE) in the lungs, proteinase 3, trypsin, and cathepsin G.	Lead (Pb) is one of the most toxic of the heavy metals. The children especially newborns are the most affected by Pb because of they grow up rapidly resulting impaired brain and nervous system development.	Cadmium (Cd) is the metal of the 20th and its effect resulted when Cd binds to proteins rich in cystein like metallothionein which causing hepatotoxicity in the liver and through circulating accumulates in the kidney tissue via and causing nephrotoxicity. Selenium (Se) as a trace element is an essential and important for human health. The vital function of Se including thyroid hormone metabolism and anti-inflammatory, immunity, activates natural killer cells, increases activated T cells proliferation, tumor cytotoxicity and antioxidant defense.	The research conducted to study of 92 specimen of mothers with their new born infants in (46 normal and 46 cesarean delivery) and examined the levels of α1-AT bu enzyme liked immune assay method. Also some heavy metals i.e. Pb, Cd in addition to the Se element were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The correlation between α1-AT with Pb, Cd and Se was instigated. Conclusions: The levels of α1-AT in the UCB was higher than their maternal sera after normal delivery this mean the new infant need to observation and monitoring of α1-AT level after the birth till seventh days, while α1-AT level in the UCB was lower level than their mothers sera in cesarean delivery. Keywords: α1-AT, Pb, Cd, Se, cord blood and new born
Evaluation the Efficacy of Bacteriophage Against Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolated from Wound and Burn Infections
Authors: Obaid Sarah Ahmed , Shwaikh Rana Mujahid Al- 
Published: May 2022

One Hundred clinical samples were collected from different skin infection, including wounds and burns from patients in several hospitals in Baghdad governorate. The phenotypic diagnosis of isolated was performed by culturing on MacConkey agar medium and selective cetrimide agar. After a microscopic and biochemical tests diagnosis, the diagnosis was confirmed using Viteck2 system, 42 bacterial isolates were isolated belonging to P. aeruginosa, with ages ranging from (4 days-75 years).	The results of sensitivity test with the Kirby–Bauer Disk diffusion technique found that 19 bacterial isolates only were highly resistant by 76.19% to Cefepime, while the resistance to Ciprofloxacin and Gentamicin was 45.2% for each of them. Moreover, it showed resistance to Aztreonem 33.33%, Ceftazidim and Piperacillin 28.5% each of them, while it also showed high sensitivity and low resistance to Imipenem 26.19%.	The results revealed that 3 bacteriophages were isolated with different phenotypic characteristics and had an effective effect on isolates resistant to antibiotics and were studied under different conditions such as the change in temperature and incubation period, as well as the difference in glycerol concentrations.
Toksoplazma serolojisi pozitif gebelerde intrauterin toksoplazmoz riskinin değerlendirilmesi
Authors: GÖRKEM Ümit , KOCAMAN Cagdaş , KARASARTOVA Djursun , TAŞKIRAN Deniz , GÜRESER Ayşe , BABÜR Cahit , KOŞAR Nezahat , TAYLAN ÖZKAN Ayşegül 
Published: May 2022

Bu çalışma ile annede saptanan enfeksiyonların, çocuğa geçiş riskinin değerlendirilmesi, ülkemizde tam olarak durumu bilinmeyen konjenital toksoplazmoz hakkında temel bir veri sağlanması amacıyla moleküler ve serolojik yöntemlerin bir arada kullanılması amaçlanmıştır.
XX Üniversitesi XX Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi’nde normal vajinal yolla veya sezaryenle doğum yapan 18-45 yaş arası 76 gebenin venöz kan örneği ile plasentanın maternal yüzünden doku örneği ve umblikal korddan kan örneği alındı. Gebeler rutin tetkikler sırasında istenilen ELISA anti- Toxoplasma gondii IgM/IgG sonuçlarına göre hasta ve kontrol olarak iki gruba ayrıldı. Hastane Bilgi Sisteminden gebelerin yaş, gebelik sayısı, doğum sayısı ile bebeğin cinsiyeti doğum ağırlığı, apgar skoru bilgileri toplandı. Anne venöz kan örneği ve umblikal korddan alınan kan örneklerinden elde edilen serumlar T. gondii spesifik antikorlarının tespiti ve konfirmasyonu için altın standart olan Sabin-Feldman boya testi ile yeniden değerlendirildi. Plasentada T. gondii DNA varlığını saptamak için nested-PCR yönteminden yararlanıldı.
Anti-T. gondii IgM/IgG değerleri pozitif olan 25 gebenin sadece 4 (%16)’ünde anti-T. gondii IgM pozitifliği vardı. 20 (%80) gebede anti-T. gondii IgG, 1 (%4) gebede ise anti-T. gondii IgM ve anti-T. gondii IgG birlikte pozitifti. Hasta grubundaki 25 gebenin yaş ortalaması 30,3 iken kontrol grubundaki 51 gebenin ise 28,3 idi. Hasta ve kontrol grubu için değerler sırasıyla aşağıdaki gibi bulundu: Gebelik hafta ortalaması: 39,1’e 38,8; Multigrad: %80’e %73; Erkek bebek oranı: %60’a %44; Doğum ağırlığı ortalaması: 3211,4 gr’a 3236,8 gr; Apgar skoru ortalaması 7,9’a 7,9. Sonuçlar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunamadı. Anti-T. gondii IgM/IgG negatif olan 51 örneğin anne venöz ve umblikal kord serumlarının hiçbirisinde SFDT ile (%0) pozitiflik saptanmadı. Anti-T. gondii IgM/IgG pozitif 25 örneğin 13 (%52)’ünün hem anne hem de umblikal kord serumları SFDT ile negatif olarak değerlendirildi. SFDT’ye göre ELISA IgG+IgM duyarlılığı: %100; özgüllüğü: %79,7, negatif prediktif değeri: %100, pozitif prediktif değeri: %48 bulundu. İncelenen 76 (%0) plasenta örneğinin hiçbirisinde T. gondii’ye ait DNA bantları gözlenmedi.
Çalışmamızdaki maternal kanların yarısından fazlası referans SFDT ile pozitif olarak teyit edilememiştir. Plasentaların hiçbirisinde T. gondii DNA’sı saptanamamışsa da kısıtlı sayıdaki örnekle yürütülen bu pilot araştırma kapsamında XX ilinde anneden bebeğe toksoplazma geçiş riskinin düşük olduğunun söylenmesi mümkün değildir. Yöntemin oturtulması açısından büyük deneyim kazandıran bu çalışmanın özellikle anti-T. gondii IgM pozitif örnek sayısı arttırılarak ve farklı bölgelerden daha çok örnek toplanarak tekrarlanması planlanmaktadır.
ALTERAÇÕES NO RITMO CIRCADIANO E SUAS CONSEQUÊNCIAS EM ESTUDANTES DURANTE A PANDEMIA DE COVID-19: UMA REVISÃO NARRATIVA DA LITERATURA
Authors: Lorrana Dutra da Silva Hávila , Jaguaribe de Lima Anna Myrna 
Published: May 2022

Introdução: Devido ao momento atípico vivenciado desde 2020, com o isolamento social decorrente da pandemia de COVID-19, é importante a compreensão de seus impactos sobre os hábitos de vida da população. Estas mudanças impostas pela pandemia, também resultaram em desafios para os estudantes, com o estilo de vida modificado e o sedentarismo, repercutindo nos ritmos biológicos. Objetivo: Nesta perspectiva, este trabalho visa realizar uma revisão narrativa da literatura sobre a influência da pandemia de COVID-19 no ritmo circadiano dos estudantes. Metodologia: Para construção desta revisão, foi feita uma busca nas bases de dados Pubmed e Scielo. Resultados: Foram encontrados 36 artigos apenas na base de dados Pubmed e nenhum na base de dados Scielo, a partir do critério de categorização, análise dos títulos e resumos, foram incluídos 7 artigos da base de dados Pubmed. Os artigos abordavam as alterações no padrão de sono, jet lag social, cronotipo e mudanças na qualidade de vida dos estudantes na pandemia de COVID-19, indicando a influência desses fatores no ritmo circadiano. Conclusão: Sendo assim, concluímos que o isolamento social gerou nos estudantes uma mudança nos hábitos de vida causando impactos negativos na ritmicidade circadiana decorrente das alterações do padrão de sono, cronotipo e qualidade de vida.
causal relationship analysis of factors affecting the development of occupational standards for community based tourism enterprises in service competency
Authors: Trehan Gautam 
Published: May 2022

The objectives of this study are 1) to analyze the path of causal relationship influencing the development of occupational standards for community-based tourism enterprises in service competency, Phatthalung Province, Thailand. and 2) to examine the hypotheses of causal relationships of factors affecting the development of occupational standards for community-based tourism enterprises in service competency, Phatthalung Province, Thailand. The sample group consists of 220 community-based tourists visiting Phatthalung Province, Thailand, 220 causal variables influencing the development of occupational standards for community-based tourism enterprises in service competency, were obtained with the 10-time sampling size of the variables. The results showed that 1) the conceptual framework of causal relationship model, of factors affecting the development of occupational standards for community-based tourism enterprises in service competency, Phatthalung Province, Thailand. Consisted of only three variables that had direct effect; the tourist attitudes towards external factors, tourist behavior and their attitudes towards tourism factors.
Comparative study of sevoflurane versus propofol for laryngeal mask airway insertion in adults
Authors: Singh Harpreet , Dhawan Gulshan , Brar Phool Kanwar Singh , Bhardwaj Shital , Barman Mrigaxee , Srivastava Rohini 
Published: May 2022

Background: Propofol is a preferred induction agent for laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion due to its propensity of suppressing oropharyngeal and cough reflexes. Sevoflurane is a nonpungent inhalation anesthetic agent which can be used as an induction agent. The aim of the present study was to compare Sevoflurane versus Propofol for laryngeal mask airway insertion in adults. Material and methods: The present study was carried out in 300 patients to compare Sevoflurane versus Propofol for laryngeal mask airway insertion in adults. In Group-A: induction with propofol and in Group-B: induction was done with inhalational sevoflurane 8. Various vital parameters and other clinical parameters were recorded and compared in both the groups. The statistical analysis was done. Results:Propofol needed leser time to loss of eyelash reflex, Time to jaw relaxation, Time to completion of successful insertion of Laryngeal Mask Airway. The percentage of patients who had successful LMA insertion at first attempt was larger with propofol. The duration of apnea was longer in group propofol. Excitatory movement was more in group propofol. Cough, laryngospasm was absent in propofol. Hiccups was absent in both groups. During insertion of LMA, coughing, gagging was absent in group sevoflurane and laryngospasm was absent in propofol.
influence of anxiety on health-related quality of life among patients with heart diseases
Authors: Abed Hatif Ali , Sachet Kareem Reshak 
Published: May 2022

Method : The investigation is conducted using a descriptive-analytic approach. The research will run from December 15th, 2021 through May15th, 2022 at Al-Samawah Teaching Hospital's Center Coronary Care Unit. Results: Result showed that our samples are suffering from moderate to severe anxiety symptoms (M±SD= 13.73±3.29), and have Fair quality of life (M±SD= 76.31±12.442) as seen among 86% of them. Most of patients with heart diseases have fair levels quality of life moderate (physical domain, psychological domain, social domain, environmental domain) which reflect fair level among all items of this domain. Finally Anxiety of patients have significant influence on quality of life among patients with heart disease indicated by high significant with overall quality of life score at p-value= .001; the significant difference is seen among all domains of quality of life except physical domain that show non-significant. Conclusions: The majority of heart disease patients suffer from fair levels quality of life , and severe anxiety, and fair levels quality of life moderate .Anxiety has significant influence on quality of life among patients with heart disease indicated by high significant between anxiety and quality of life
community based cross sectional study on the patterns of blood pressures and aerobic capacity among young adult smokers
Authors: Taksande Avinash Balramji , Dhokane Nitin , Gathe Bhupendra , Sahu Babita 
Published: May 2022

Introduction : India is home to about 12% of the world’s smokers. More than 1 million people die every year due to tobacco related illnesses. smokers have tendencies to be less physically active than nonsmokers . We hypotheses that there was a significant relation between smoking and decrease in cardiovascular fitness. The purpose of this study was to examine the chronic effects of smoking on cardiovascular fitness and Blood pressure in young and adult smokers. Methods: This was a community based cross sectional study conducted in a span of 6 months with prior consent. 100 Subjects chosen for the study (50 smokers & 50 non-smokers) involving both the genders , aged 18 years to 25 years and all classes of socio economic strata. 100 male participant were recruited & divided into two groups. BP & Heart rate (HR) were non-invasively measured in young non-smoking and smoking subjects at rest, during the accomplishment of a submaximal exercise test and recovery period. Smoking status of smokers was analyzed by three parameters, i.e., years of smoking, number of cigarettes smoke per day, and pack year. Results: There was no significant difference between both groups regarding to age, weight and height.
Marketing strategies in the pandemic affected economy for the value
Authors: Saju K. , Ramadevi V. 
Published: May 2022

When a pandemic outbreak, it affects the people, business and hence the economy. It is very important to understand how a pandemic affects different industry in various ways as the impact of Covid in different industry eventually reflects in the economy. This study is an attempt to investigate the impact of pandemic affected economy in the marketing of value-added products manufactured by the spice industry in Kerala, focusing the seasoning and oleoresin industry in Kerala. In India, value addition of different spices into oleoresins and seasonings majorly happens in Kerala which is known as the land of spices. The study is conducted by collecting the primary data from thirty sales and marketing professionals of eleven major companies among the forty companies that are into value addition of spices in Kerala, selected for the study using simple random sampling. This article explores the impact of pandemic in the value-added spice industry and provides strategies for effective marketing of the value-added spice products.
Hindi Film Songs in the Home: Gendered Experiences of Singing Popular Songs in Tamale, Northern Ghana
Authors: Young Katie 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Beginning in the 1950s, Dagbamba and Hausa women in Tamale listened to Hindi film songs in their homes, via gramophone records and through state-run women's radio programs. Hindi film songs were soon integrated into existing domestic singing practices, including songs meant for domestic labor (tuma-yila) and childcare (biyola-yila). Through an analysis of oral history interviews as well as recorded performances of Hindi film songs sung by women, men, and youth in Tamale, I show how everyday performances of Hindi film songs reveal gendered and intergenerational experiences of domestic space, labor, and social life in Tamale.