bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical characteristics and treatment of “cytopenia phenotype” in Behçet syndrome: A Retrospective Cohort Study using a large data set from a referral center in China
Authors: Shen Yan , Shen Lin , Luo Dan , Ma Hai-fen , Jian Lei-lei , Cai Jian-fei , Zou Jun , Guan Jian-long 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to describe the characteristics, treatment, and outcome of hematological involvement and assess possible association to define a “cytopenia phenotype” in BS patients. Methods: This was a retrospective study of BS patients in Shanghai Behçet syndrome database who were diagnosed with hematological involvement between October 2012 and December 2021. Results: A total of 40 BS patients with cytopenia were included (2.1%, 40/1950), the median follow-up duration was 35 (3-92) months. They presented high rate of trisomy 8 in the bone marrow (n=33, 82.5%). BS patients with cytopenia were more likely to be older age, female and have fewer skin lesions. Gastrointestinal (GI) ulceration, fever and high level of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were more frequent in BS patients with cytopenia. Ulcers in the ileocecal, small intestine and colon region and symptoms such as abdominal pain, weight loss and fever were more frequently seen in intestinal BS patients with cytopenia. All these cytopenia BS patients received standard guideline treatment regimens. In the follow-up, eight BS patients with cytopenia (8/40, 20.0%) died, 9 (22.5%) had not improved. As compared to alive BS patients, died BS patients were more likely to be older age and have high level of ESR.Conclusions:BS patients with cytopenia displayed a high rate of somatic mutations trisomy 8, GI involvement and high risk of death. Management of cytopenia was highly heterogeneous and many of the current treatment options are highly variable and suboptimal.
Association of IRX6 rs6499755 and HAAO rs3816183 polymorphisms with hypospadias susceptibility in Chinese population
Authors: Yu Yuping , Liu Nan , Chen Ziying , Shu Jianbo , Chen Xiaofang , Xu Guodong , Cai Chunquan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Hypospadias is one of the most common male congenital external genital malformations anomalies with unclear and multifactorial etiology. Our study is aimed to investigate whether IRX6 rs6499755 and HAAO rs3816183 polymorphisms are susceptible to hypospadias in the Chinese population.
Methods
We enrolled 113 patients with hypospadias and 182 healthy controls in the case-control study. Genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was performed using High Resolution Melting (HRM). 113 hypospadias cases were further divided into anterior, middle and posterior subgroups for analysis. Otherwise, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship in multiple populations.
Results
The risk allele [C] of IRX6 rs6499755 was significantly associated with susceptibility to general hypospadias (OR = 1.547, p = 0.01), anterior hypospadias (OR = 3.579, p = 0.003) and posterior hypospadias (OR = 1.737, p = 0.005). Besides, CC genotype carriers showed an increased risk of hypospadias compared with CT + TT carriers (OR = 1.832, p = 0.026). The risk allele [T] of HAAO rs3816183 associated with susceptibility to anterior/middle hypospadias (OR = 1.775, p = 0.046). A combined analysis of both two SNPs was performed, showing a cumulative effect (OR = 1.337, p = 0.02). The results of meta-analysis (including 3789 cases and 9241 controls) indicated that rs6499755 and rs3816183 were significantly associated with hypospadias (both p༜0.00001).
Conclusions
IRX6 rs6499755and HAAO rs3816183 polymorphisms are associated with hypospadias in a Chinese population, and the risk alleles of both two variants cluster more frequently in patients. The meta-analysis supports the hypothesis that rs6499755 and rs3816183 are the susceptibility loci for hypospadias. Further studies are needed to make the pathogenesis clearly.
Outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection
Authors: Al-Aly Ziyad , Bowe Benjamin , Xie Yan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
First infection with SARS-CoV-2 is associated with increased risk of acute and post-acute death and sequelae in the pulmonary and extrapulmonary organ systems. However, whether reinfection adds to the risk incurred after the first infection is not clear. Here we use the national health care databases of the US Department of Veterans Affairs to build a cohort of people with first infection (n = 257,427), reinfection (2 or more infections, n = 38,926), and a non-infected control group (n = 5,396,855) to estimate risks and 6-month burdens of all-cause mortality, hospitalization, and a set of pre-specified incident outcomes. We show that compared to people with first infection, reinfection contributes additional risks of all-cause mortality, hospitalization, and adverse health outcomes in the pulmonary and several extrapulmonary organ systems (cardiovascular disorders, coagulation and hematologic disorders, diabetes, fatigue, gastrointestinal disorders, kidney disorders, mental health disorders, musculoskeletal disorders, and neurologic disorders); the risks were evident in those who were unvaccinated, had 1 shot, or 2 or more shots prior to the second infection; the risks were most pronounced in the acute phase, but persisted in the post-acute phase of reinfection, and most were still evident at 6 months after reinfection. Compared to non-infected controls, assessment of the cumulative risks of repeated infection showed that the risk and burden increased in a graded fashion according to the number of infections. The constellation of findings show that reinfection adds non-trivial risks of all-cause mortality, hospitalization, and adverse health outcomes in the acute and post-acute phase of the reinfection. Reducing overall burden of death and disease due to SARS-CoV-2 will require strategies for reinfection prevention.
COPD awareness among the Syrian community: population-based study
Authors: Hadakie Rana , Kakaje Ameer , Kwatly Khalil Al , Haddad Shaden 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
IntroductionChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common disease worldwide that is among the top causes of mortality. This study aims to estimate the awareness of COPD among the Syrian population as COPD can be prevented and has a high prevalence in Syria. MethodsA cross-sectional anonymous self-administered online survey was conducted by using Google Forms on Social Media platforms. The questionnaire included demographic, smoke related and COPD related questions.ResultsThis study included 1608 participants with 930 (57.8%) being females, about 40% was in the age range of 21-25 years, more than 90% were university students/graduates and 67.8% were living in Syrian cities. Around half of participant were either active smokers or negative/second-hand smokers. When excluding participants in health-related fields, only 25.4% have ever heard of the term COPD, of which, approximately three quarters were able to identify what COPD is and answered most questions correctly. Knowing about COPD did not affect smoking habits. No significant differences in awareness among city and countryside, among governates, between genders and age groups. Being in a health-related field was a major factor of increased awareness.ConclusionCOPD awareness in Syria is low, even amongst the well-education population. COPD risk factors are very common among the Syrian population such as actively smoking and indoors and outdoors exposure to pollutants. More awareness campaigns are needed with studies to suggest the best way to tackle this issue.
Retinal Macrophage-Like Cells as a Novel Clinical Biomarker in Retinal Vein
Authors: Maltsev Dmitrii S. , Kulikov Alexey , Volkova Yaroslava , Burnasheva Maria , Vasiliev Alexander 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Aim: To study the macrophage-like cells (MLC) of the inner retinal surface in eyes with retinal vein occlusions (RVO) and association of MLC with clinical characteristics of RVO.Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, for treatment-naïve patients with unilateral RVO and no abnormalities of vitreoretinal interface electronic medical records and multimodal imaging data were reviewed and analyzed.To visualize MLC, structural projections of optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography scans within a slab between two inner limiting membrane segmentation lines (with 0 and -9 µm offset) were evaluated. The density of MLC was calculated and compared between affected and fellow eye regarding different OCT and clinical characteristics of RVO.Results: Thirty-six eyes (28 branch RVO and 8 central RVO of 36 patients (21 males and 15 females, mean age 48.9 ± 9.8 years) were included. The density of MLC in affected eye was statistically significantly higher than that in fellow eye, 8.5 ± 5.5 and 4.0 ± 3.6 cells/mm2, respectively (P < 0.001). The MLC number in the affected eye correlated statistically significantly that of the fellow eye (r = 0.76, p = 0.0001) but with none of OCT and clinical characteristics of the affected eye except for the presence of subfoveal fluid. Eyes with subfoveal fluid had statistically significantly higher mean number of MLC that that in eyes without subfoveal fluid, 12.6 ± 6.3 and 6.9 ± 4.0 cells/mm2, respectively (P = 0.009).Conclusion: The number of MLC on the inner retinal surface increases in RVO eyes and may reflect activation of inflammatory reactions.
Expression of TMEM59L associated with radiosensitive in glioblastoma
Authors: Gao Dezhi , Peng Wang , Zhi Lin , Sun Shibin , Liu Yanwei , Qiu Xiaoguang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background:Radiotherapy (RT) is one of the cornerstone of the glioblastoma (GBM) treatment paradigm. RT can significantly improve the prognosis of GBM; however, the resistance of tumor cells to radiation results in poor survival. The mechanism of radioresistance has not been fully elucidated.Methods：The differentially expressed genes were screened based on RNA sequencing dataset of 226 primary glioblastomas and 134 recurrent glioblastomas that have undergone radiotherapy, combined with 15 pairs of primary and recurrent GBM obtained from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas. Real-time quantitative PCR was performed in three irradiated GBM cell lines（U87, LN229 and U251）to verify the result. The selected gene was investigated to the relationship between mRNA levels and clinical characteristics in the CGGA and TCGA dataset. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression analysis were used for survival analysis. Gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway analysis was used for bioinformatics analysis.Results:TMEM59L expression was significantly elevated in recurrent GBM who have received radiotherapy. The result was validated in three irradiated GBM cells. The high-expression of TMEM59L was enriched in IDH mutant and MGMT methylated gliomas and associated with a better prognosis. Gene ontology and KEGG pathway analysis demonstrated that TMEM59L was closely associated with cell proliferation, apoptosis, drug response, and DNA damage. Conclusion：TMEM59L expression was increased after irradiation and resulted in longer survival. We speculated that the high expression of TMEM59L might affect radiotherapy sensitivity by contributing to reactive oxygen species and DNA damage repair.
Experimental investigation to identify galaxy clusters using HDF5 and 3D matrix.
Authors: Rai Alok , Sen Snigdha , Chakraborty Pavan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Recent advances in astronomy have shifted observational astronomy toward data-driven astronomy, with an exponential increase in data associated with celestial objects. If we can handle this massive amount of quickly changing data, we will be able to detect galaxy clusters, revealing a wealth of vital information about the evolution of the universe. In this paper, we have proposed a novel clustering technique that can handle massive amounts of rapidly changing data in real time. In this clustering technique, we have used 3D sparse matrix where each cell of the 3D matrix can be used to locate/identify a neighbor against the central galactic coordinate. In our investigation, we also used HDF5 to store and organize the discovered galaxy clusters so that we didn’t have to re-run our algorithm every time a new coordinate was encountered. Following preparation, the astronomical data containing the galactic coordinates RA, DEC, and radial distance obtained from redshift is input into our developed algorithm to identify, store, and depict the galaxy clusters.
Development of a multivariable prediction model to assess potential drug-drug interactions in chronic kidney disease patients
Authors: Paul Soumyajeet , Rudra Ananya , Bhattacharjee Suparna , Thunga Girish , Attur Ravindra Prabhu , Kunhikatta Vijayanarayana 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background Drug-drug interactions are highly prevalent in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, owing to the progressive deterioration in renal function, existence of various comorbidities, and use of multiple drugs to treat them. Aim To evaluate the number and types of potential drug-drug interactions (pDDIs) observed in the study population and to develop a pDDI prediction model based on various risk factors. Method A retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care teaching hospital with 392 CKD patients. The relevant patient demographics and clinical details were collected and documented in case record forms. Using different drug interaction detecting databases, the acquired data were screened to identify and classify pDDIs. Poisson regression was used to identify independent risk factors associated with the number of pDDIs. Data entry and analysis were done using IBM SPSS software v20.0. Results Mean age of the study population was 45.97 ± 10.32 years and almost 87% of the population belonged to stage 5 of CKD. A total of 2054 interacting drug pairs were found from the 392 patient files screened, out of which about 55.6% of the interactions were of moderate severity. Male gender, comorbid conditions like ischemic heart disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and congestive heart failure, a higher number of therapeutic subgroups, and drugs per prescription were identified as independent risk factors associated with an increase in the number of pDDIs. The presence of liver disease was the only factor that reduced the number of pDDIs. Conclusion This study can play a significant role in the early prediction of pDDIs using prior information about the patient characteristics and attributes of various administered drugs in CKD patients.
Introduced, mixed, and peripheral: conservation of mitochondrial-DNA lineages in the wild boar (Sus scrofa L.) population in the Urals
Authors: Markov Nickolay I. , Ranyuk Maryana N. , Babaev Elmar A. , Seryodkin Ivan V. , Senchik Alexander V. , Bykova Elena V. , Esipov Alexander V. , Nurtazin Sabir T. , Matrosova Vera A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Translocations and introductions are important events that allow organisms to overcome natural barriers. The genetic background of colonization success and genetic consequences of establishment of populations in new environments are of great interest for predicting species’ colonization success. The wild boar (Sus scrofa L.) has been introduced into many parts of the world. We analyzed sequences of the mitochondrial-DNA control region in the wild boars introduced into the Ural region and compared them with sequences from founder populations (from Europe, the Caucasus, Central Asia, and the Far East). We found that the introduced population has high genetic diversity. Haplotypes from all the major phylogenetic clades were detected in the analyzed group of the animals from the Urals. In this group, no haplotypes identical to Far-Eastern sequences were detectable despite a large number of founders from that region. The contribution of lineages originating from Eastern Europe was greater than expected from proportions (%) of European and Asian animals in the founder populations. This is the first study on genetic diversity and structure of a wild boar population of mixed origin at the northern periphery of this species’ geographical range.
Modelling climatically and ecologically suitable environment for benthic foraminiferal species
Authors: Abduljamiu Amao , Hallock Pamela , Kaminski Michael A. , Argadestya Ignatius , Frontalini Fabrizio 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Benthic foraminifera are unicellular eukaryotic organisms that play significant roles in marine food webs. Monitoring changes in their distributions and abundances are crucial to understand their roles and functions and to predict the effects of environmental impacts and climatic changes. Numerous biotic and abiotic factors influence foraminiferal distribution and abundance, but the ecology of individual taxa (i.e., autoecology) is difficult to define and this commonly results in a generalization of functions in their environment. In this study, we explore methods for inferring foraminiferal species ecology and niche requirements using Species Distribution Models (SDM). We modelled the distributions of four benthic species (i.e., Peneroplis planatus, P. pertusus, P. arietinus and Coscinospira hemprichii) that host algal endosymbionts against a large collection of predictors (ecologically meaningful environmental variables, EMEV) variables in the Arabian Gulf. To identify combinations of effective predictor variables, we compiled several models and then selected three with different variable set combinations to compare their predictive performance. Mean iron concentration, diffusion attenuation, and dissolved oxygen were identified as the most important variables determining the distribution of these species. Our model successfully predicts their current habitat suitability in the Arabian Gulf (AUROC = 92%). The model also identified areas along the western coastline of the Gulf as highly suitable habitats for the four species (Habitat Suitability Index > 0.8). Then, the model was spatially extended over the world’s oceans and marginal seas, reliably identifying areas with known distributions of the four species (AUROC = 89%). Here we demonstrate how a SDM model can be a useful tool in capturing complex habitat features for benthic organisms. Such models, when correctly applied using several remotely sensed environmental and geological variables, can be a very useful ecological tool for spatial and temporal predictions even in the current context of global climate change.
An investigation into the hammer toe effects on the lower extremity mechanics and plantar fascia tension: A case for a vicious cycle and progressive damage.
Authors: Moayedi Mohammad , Arshi Ahmad Reza , Salehi Manouchehr , Akrami Mohammad , Asl Noushin Javadi , Naemi Roozbeh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Predicting and being aware of the side effects of the damage in one limb on the performance of other limbs is very important in the prevention of progressive damages. Finite element (FE) and musculoskeletal modeling can be helpful in this way. Hence, the aim of this study is to investigate the side effects of the hammer toe deformity on the lower extremity, especially on the plantar fascia functions. To compare the joint reactions of the hammer toe and healthy foot (HF), two musculoskeletal models (MSM) of the healthy and the hammer toe foot (HTF) subject were developed based on gait analysis. A previously validated 3D finite element model was constructed using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the diabetic participant with the hammer toe deformity processed at five different events during the stance phase of gait. It was found that the hammer toe deformity makes dorsiflexion of the toes, and the windlass mechanism is less effective during walking. Specifically, the FE analysis results showed that plantar fascia (PF) in HTF compared to HF played a less dominant role in load bearing with both medial and lateral parts loaded. Also, the results indicated that the stored elastic energy in PF was less in HTF than the HF, which can indicate a metabolic cost during walking. Internal stress distribution shows that the majority of ground reaction forces are transmitted through the lateral metatarsals in hammer toe foot, and the probability of fifth metatarsal fracture and also progressive deformity like tailor's bunion was subsequently increased. The MSM results showed that the joint reaction forces and moments in hammer toe foot have deviated from normal function, with the metatarsophalangeal joint showing that the reactions in hammer toe are less than the healthy foot. This can indicate a viscous cycle of foot deformity, increased internal stresses, change in muscle forces and joint kinetics and plantar fascia tensile forces from normal, which can lead to increase the risk of ulceration in the diabetic foot.
Artificial intelligence curriculum in medical education: a Canadian cross-sectional mixed-methods study
Authors: Pucchio Aidan , BHSc Raahulan Rathagirishnan , Caton Natasha , Gariscsak Peter , Papa Joshua Del , Nabhen Jacqueline Justino , Vo Vicky , Lee Wonjae , de Moraes Fabio Ynoe 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Emerging artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have diverse applications in medicine. As AI tools advance towards clinical implementation, skills in how to use and interpret AI in a healthcare setting could become integral for physicians. We deployed a 56 question survey to all 17 Canadian medical schools that assessed currently available learning opportunities about AI, the perceived need for AI education, and barriers to educating about AI among undergraduate medical students. Additionally, interviews were conducted with participants to provide narrative context, and analyzed using thematic analysis. The authors received 475 responses from students at 17 of 17 Canadian medical schools. Likert scale survey questions were scored from 1 (disagree) to 5 (agree). Respondents agreed that AI applications in medicine would become common in the future (3.80 ± 0.38) and would improve medicine (3.71 ± 0.54). Further, respondents agreed that they would need to use and understand AI during their medical careers (3.76 ± 0.572; 3.43 ± 0.773), and that AI should be formally taught in medical education (3.43 ± 0.756). In contrast, a significant number of participants indicated that they did not have any formal educational opportunities about AI (1.76 ± 785) and that AI-related learning opportunities were inadequate (2.12 ± 0.802). Interviews with 18 students were conducted, with emerging themes including a lack of formal education opportunities and logistical challenges in adding AI to curriculum. Given that medical students overwhelmingly belief that AI is important to the future of medicine, and the progression of AI tools towards clinical implementation, AI should be considered for inclusion in formal medical curriculum.
Phacotrabeculectomy vs Phacoemulsification Glaucoma coexist Cataracts: a Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Xie Tangshou , Liu Xi , Rao Wenrong , Zhu Jie 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose: For analysis, clinical outcomes of phacotrabeculectomy versus phacoemulsification in glaucoma coexist cataracts.Methods: we screened only randomized controlled trials comparing clinical outcomes of Phacotrabeculectomy versus Phacoemulsification published before October 2021. Then, we pooled qualified articles for meta-analysis. We estimated pooled weighted mean difference and risk ratio with 95% conference intervals. We conducted fixed-effects models in this meta-analysis.Results: We pooled 10 randomized controlled trials to Meta-analysis. Phacotrabeculectomy has a superior effect in postoperatively intraocular pressure and postoperative anti-glaucoma medications versus phacoemulsification, but an equal effect in best-corrected visual acuity. The complication ratio of phacotrabeculectomy is higher than phacoemulsification. Our article just presented all views of visual fields of included articles because of insufficient data to analyze.Conclusions: Phacotrabeculectomy is more efficient compared to phacoemulsification in glaucoma coexisting cataracts.