bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EOS789, pan‐phosphate transporter inhibitor, ameliorates the progression of kidney injury in anti‐GBM‐induced glomerulonephritis rats
Authors: Tsuboi Yoshinori , Ichida Yasuhiro , Murai Atsuko , Maeda Akira , Iida Manami , Kato Atsuhiko , Ohtomo Shuichi , Horiba Naoshi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHyperphosphatemia associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) not only dysregulates mineral metabolism and bone diseases, but also strongly contributes to the progression of kidney disease itself. We have identified a novel drug for hyperphosphatemia, EOS789, that interacts with several sodium‐dependent phosphate transporters (NaPi‐IIb, PiT‐1, and PiT‐2) known to contribute to intestinal phosphate absorption. In this study, we investigated whether EOS789 could ameliorate kidney disease progression in glomerulonephritis rats. Anti‐glomerular basement membrane (GBM) nephritis was induced in rats by intravenously administering two types of anti‐rat GBM antibodies. We evaluated the effect of EOS789 administered in food admixture on hyperphosphatemia and kidney disease progression. In an anti‐GBM nephritis rats, which exhibit a significant increase in serum phosphate and a decline in renal function, EOS789 dose‐dependently improved hyperphosphatemia and EOS789 at 0.3% food admixture significantly ameliorated kidney dysfunction as shown in the decline of serum creatinine and BUN. Renal histopathology analysis showed that EOS789 significantly decreased crescent formation in glomeruli. To elucidate the mechanism underlying glomerular disease progression, human mesangial cells were used. High phosphate concentration in media significantly increased the expression of Collagen 1A1, 3A1, and αSMA mRNA in human mesangial cells and EOS789 dose‐dependently suppressed these fibrotic markers. These results indicate that EOS789 prevented glomerular crescent formation caused by mesangial fibrosis by ameliorating hyperphosphatemia. In conclusion, EOS789 would not only be useful against hyperphosphatemia but may also have the potential to relieve mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis with crescent formation.
Metal nanoparticles against fungicide resistance: alternatives or partners?
Authors: Malandrakis Anastasios A. , Kavroulakis Nektarios , Chrysikopoulos Constantinos V. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractChemical control suffers from the loss of available conventional active ingredients due to strict environmental safety regulations which, combined with the loss of fungicide efficacy due to resistance development, constitute major problems of contemporary crop protection. Metal‐containing nanoparticles (MNPs) appear to have all the credentials to be next‐generation, eco‐compatible fungicide alternatives and a valuable anti‐resistance management tool. Could the introduction of MNPs as nano‐fungicides be the answer to both reducing the environmental footprint of xenobiotics and dealing with fungicide resistance? The potential of MNPs to be utilized as nano‐fungicides, both as alternatives to conventional fungicides or/and as partners in combating fungicide resistance, is discussed in terms of effectiveness, potential antimicrobial mechanisms as well as synergy profiles with conventional fungicides. However, their “golden” potential to be used both as alternatives and partners of conventional fungicides to combat resistance and reduce environmental pollution is challenged by undesirable effects towards non‐target organisms such as phytotoxicity, toxicity to humans and environmental ecotoxicity, constituting risks that should be considered before their commercial introduction as nano‐pesticides at a large scale. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Deep compartment models: A deep learning approach for the reliable prediction of time‐series data in pharmacokinetic modeling
Authors: Janssen Alexander , Leebeek Frank W. G. , Cnossen Marjon H. , Mathôt Ron A. A. ,   the OPTI‐CLOT study group and SYMPHONY consortium
Published: May 2022

AbstractNonlinear mixed effect (NLME) models are the gold standard for the analysis of patient response following drug exposure. However, these types of models are complex and time‐consuming to develop. There is great interest in the adoption of machine‐learning methods, but most implementations cannot be reliably extrapolated to treatment strategies outside of the training data. In order to solve this problem, we propose the deep compartment model (DCM), a combination of neural networks and ordinary differential equations. Using simulated datasets of different sizes, we show that our model remains accurate when training on small data sets. Furthermore, using a real‐world data set of patients with hemophilia A receiving factor VIII concentrate while undergoing surgery, we show that our model more accurately predicts a priori drug concentrations compared to a previous NLME model. In addition, we show that our model correctly describes the changing drug concentration over time. By adopting pharmacokinetic principles, the DCM allows for simulation of different treatment strategies and enables therapeutic drug monitoring.
Mesoscale evaluation of AMPS using AWARE radar observations of a wind and precipitation event over the Ross Island region of Antarctica
Authors: Kingsmill David E. , Seefeldt Mark W. , Cassano John J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSurface, upper‐air, and radar observations are used to assess the performance of the Antarctic Mesoscale Prediction System (AMPS) in simulating the mesoscale aspects of a wind and precipitation event over the Ross Island region of Antarctica that spanned January 16–20, 2016. The observations, collected during the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) West Antarctic Radiation Experiment (AWARE), provide a unique dataset for evaluating AMPS, especially the radar observations that facilitate a three‐dimensional depiction of winds and precipitation. Comparisons of AMPS forecast data with surface meteorology, balloon‐sounding, and profiling radar observations at and above sites near McMurdo Station reveal a mixture of similarities and differences. A generally southerly flow is evident at low levels in both the AMPS simulations and observed Doppler radial velocities. AMPS winds are comparable to those observed at the surface and aloft in terms of magnitude, direction, and timing but the strongest simulated southerly flow is displaced eastward relative to the observations. AMPS‐simulated reflectivity over the broader Ross Island region is more limited in areal extent and smaller in magnitude than observed by a scanning Doppler radar. Three episodes of surface precipitation are observed near McMurdo Station over the five‐day event with peak rates of ∼3 mm h−1 and a total accumulation of ∼22 mm. However, AMPS produces no surface precipitation at that location over the five‐day event due to a low‐level dry bias in the forecasts. The results show the first observationally based three‐dimensional understanding of meteorology in the Ross Island region.
Paradoxical cause of weaning failure: Post tracheostomy foreign body causing non‐resolving pneumonia with worsening failure to wean
Authors: Mangla Loveleen , Thote Sagar , Talwar Dhruv , Talwar Deepak 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe Percutaneous technique for tracheostomy has become the standard procedure, due to its ease in placement, minimal complications, and has almost replaced the traditional open (surgical) tracheostomy in intensive care units. We describe a case of broken tracheal cartilage which slipped into the tracheobronchial tree following percutaneous tracheostomy (PCT), impinging and causing collapse of medial basal segment of right lower lobe.
Adaptive fractional order predictive sliding mode control for congestion control of wireless access networks
Authors: Khoshnevisan Ladan , Liu Xinzhi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis article studies congestion control of wireless access networks. In a wireless access network, it is necessary to design a robust active queue management (RAQM) technique to control congestion occurrence and to make the network robust simultaneously against some issues in the wireless link aspects, such as packet error rate (PER) and fading effects. On the other hand, a network is often described by a nonlinear model, in which the delayed packet drop probability is assumed as the input signal. So in this article, a RAQM technique is proposed based on an adaptive fractional order predictive sliding mode control (AFOPSMC) method, through which the following are achieved: (1) the stability of the nonlinear system with input delay is assured, (2) the congestion occurrence is prevented by controlling the queue measurement to the desired value, (3) the robustness against the external disturbances is achieved, and (4) the input signal obtained by the controller is limited between 0 and 1. In contrast to most recently published papers where input delay is ignored in the system description and input saturation is achieved through designing parameters, this article at first proposes a predictor to eliminate the input delay and then designs a compensated system to deal with the input signal constraint. Furthermore, the chattering phenomena, as a commonly caused issue in the sliding mode control, is eliminated based on the adaptive laws designed for the controller parameters. The theoretical results are validated and compared with some other related protocols through numerical simulations using Simulink and professional network simulator 2 (NS2).
Venture capital exit pressure and venture exit: A board perspective
Authors: Yao Ting , O'Neill Hugh 
Published: May 2022

AbstractResearch SummaryVenture capital funds have a limited lifecycle. As the fund ages, venture capitalists (VCs) are motivated to promote venture exit discussions with the venture board. We investigate the impact of VCs' exit pressure on the hazard of four types of venture exit (IPO, high‐value M&A, low‐value M&A, and liquidation), considering how VCs' exit pressure influences board collaboration. We find that while the VCs' exit pressure does not affect the hazard of IPOs, the pressure significantly increases the hazard of M&A and liquidation. Achieving important milestones does not reduce the impact of exit pressure on the hazard of low‐value M&A and liquidation. Independent directors moderate the impact of the VC's exit pressure, increasing the hazard of high‐value M&A and lessening the hazard of liquidation.Managerial SummaryWe investigate whether VCs' exit pressure due to an approaching deadline for fund liquidation influences the time to venture exit and how board composition affects the relationship between VCs' exit pressure and venture exit. Data from a sample of 219 VC‐backed U.S. surgical device ventures founded during 1989–2014 suggest that VCs' exit pressure decreases the time to M&A (both high‐value and low‐value M&A) and liquidation. Boards with more independent directors facilitate high‐value M&A and delay liquidation. VCs' exit pressure does not affect the time to IPO. These results provide evidence of the impact of the venture capital fund's finite life on investees other than the VCs and confirm the crucial role of independent directors in managing VCs' exit pressure.
Hydrogel Nanoarchitectonics: An Evolving Paradigm for Ultrasensitive Biosensing
Authors: Nishat Zakia Sultana , Hossain Tanvir , Islam Md. Nazmul , Phan Hoang‐Phuong , Wahab Md A. , Moni Mohammad Ali , Salomon Carlos , Amin Mohammed A. , Sina Abu Ali Ibn , Hossain Md Shahriar A. , Kaneti Yusuf Valentino , Yamauchi Yusuke , Masud Mostafa Kamal 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe integration of nanoarchitectonics and hydrogel into conventional biosensing platforms offers the opportunities to design physically and chemically controlled and optimized soft structures with superior biocompatibility, better immobilization of biomolecules, and specific and sensitive biosensor design. The physical and chemical properties of 3D hydrogel structures can be modified by integrating with nanostructures. Such modifications can enhance their responsiveness to mechanical, optical, thermal, magnetic, and electric stimuli, which in turn can enhance the practicality of biosensors in clinical settings. This review describes the synthesis and kinetics of gel networks and exploitation of nanostructure‐integrated hydrogels in biosensing. With an emphasis on different integration strategies of hydrogel with nanostructures, this review highlights the importance of hydrogel nanostructures as one of the most favorable candidates for developing ultrasensitive biosensors. Moreover, hydrogel nanoarchitectonics are also portrayed as a promising candidate for fabricating next‐generation robust biosensors.
Carbon dots crosslinked gel polymer electrolytes for dendrite‐free and long‐cycle lithium metal batteries
Authors: Huang Zun‐Hui , Wei Ji‐Shi , Song Tian‐Bing , Ni Jia‐Wen , Wang Fei , Xiong Huan‐Ming 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLithium metal batteries (LMBs) with extremely high energy densities have several advantages among energy storage equipment. However, the uncontrolled growth of dendrites and the flammable liquid electrolytes (LEs) often cause safety accidents. All solid‐state batteries seem to be the ultimate choice, but solvent‐free electrolytes usually fail in terms of conductivity at room temperature. Therefore, gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) with a simple manufacturing process and high ionic conductivity are considered as the most competitive candidates to resolve the present difficulties. Herein, we design a polymeric network structure via esterification and amidation reactions between polyethylene glycol (PEG) and carbon dots (CDs). After incorporation with polyvinylidene fluoride and some LEs, the as‐prepared PEG–CDs composite electrolytes (PCCEs) show a high ionic conductivity of 5.5 mS/cm and an ion transference number of 0.71 at room temperature, as well as good flexibility and thermostability. When the PCCEs are assembled with lithium metal anodes and LiFePO4 or LiCoO2 cathodes, both the cycling stability and the retention rate of these LMBs show excellent performance at room temperature.
Thermally activated delayed fluorescence materials for nondoped organic light‐emitting diodes with nearly 100% exciton harvest
Authors: Fan Xiao‐Chun , Wang Kai , Shi Yi‐Zhong , Sun Dian‐Ming , Chen Jia‐Xiong , Huang Feng , Wang Hui , Yu Jia , Lee Chun‐Sing , Zhang Xiao‐Hong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHigh‐performance nondoped organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) are promising technologies for future commercial applications. Herein, we synthesized two new thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters that enable us, for the first time, to combine three effective approaches for enhancing the efficiency of nondoped OLEDs. First, the two emitters are designed to have high steric hindrances such that their emitting cores will be suitably isolated from those of their neighbors to minimize concentration quenching. On the other hand, each of the two emitters has two stable conformations in solid films. In their neat films, molecules with the minority conformation behave effectively as dopants in the matrix composing of the majority conformation. One hundred percent exciton harvesting is thus theoretically feasible in this unique architecture of “self‐doped” neat films. Furthermore, both emitters have relatively high aspect ratios in terms of their molecular shapes. This leads to films with preferred molecular orientations enabling high populations of horizontal dipoles beneficial for optical out‐coupling. With these three factors, OLEDs with nondoped emitting layers of the respective emitters both achieve nearly 100% exciton utilization and deliver over 30% external quantum efficiencies and ultralow efficiency roll‐off at high brightness, which have not been observed in reported nondoped OLEDs.
Molecular and serological evaluation of visceral leishmaniasis in domestic dogs and cats in Maragheh County, north‐west of Iran, 2018–2021
Authors: Soleimani Ali , Mohebali Mehdi , Gholizadeh Saber , Bozorgomid Arezoo , Shafiei Reza , Raeghi Saber 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveZoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is caused by Leishmania infantum, of which dogs are the main reservoir. VL is endemic in the Middle East, also in some parts of Iran. Following reports of new cases of VL in children in Maragheh County, the non‐endemic area of the disease, we encouraged to conduct a preliminary study on domestic dogs and cats to identify their potential role as reservoirs for the disease.Materials and MethodsThis study was conducted during a period of 3 years from 2018 to 2021. Two hundred ownership dogs and 25 cats from Maragheh County, north‐west of Iran, were randomly screened. Blood samples were collected. A direct agglutination test (DAT) was used for the detection of anti‐L. infantum antibodies. Furthermore, buffy coat samples from the L. infantum seropositive animals were examined to detect parasite presence using polymerase chain reaction.ResultsOut of the total of 200 ownership dogs evaluated, 170 (85%) were male and 30 (15%) were female with a mean age of 4.3 years. Anti‐L. infantum antibodies (IgG cut‐off ≥ 1:320) were observed in 3.5% of dogs (7/200) by the DAT test. All seropositive dogs were identified in the first year of examination. Regarding molecular approaches in seropositive dogs, two samples were positive for a 565 bp kDNA minicircle gene specific for L. infantum. During the study period, no seropositive case was detected in the cats examined.ConclusionsThis study shows that the domestic cycle of L. infantum has been established in the studied region. It is necessary to increase the awareness and monitoring of the disease with the study of wild reservoirs periodically.
Single Crystal X‐Ray Structure Analyses of Binary and Ternary Compounds A49Tl108+x (A=K, Rb, Cs; x=0–1.76) Related to the K49Tl108 Type Structure
Authors: Schwinghammer Vanessa F. , Janesch Melissa , Kleemiss Florian , Gärtner Stefanie 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe structural chemistry of alkali metal thallides shows a broad range of type structures. At an alkali metal : thallium proportion A : Tl 1 : 2 the perceived dependency on the alkali metal involved is conspicuous. Two main structure types are reported with A15Tl27 (A=K, Rb, Cs) and K49Tl108. The compound K49K108 with a 3‐dimensional Tl‐substructure has been known since 1993 from Cordier and Müller but so far only with potassium. We here present single crystal X‐Ray structure analyses of the compounds K49‐yRbyTl108, and K49‐yCsyTl108 (
belonging to the K49Tl108 type structure. Additionally, structures of Rb49Tl109.67, Cs3.35Rb45.65Tl109.71 and Cs7.49Rb41.51Tl109.76 are introduced, which prove the possibility of Tl incorporation in the Tl12 icosahedra in K49Tl108 type structures. The effects of the change in alkali metals on the thallium substructure are discussed as well as the preferred Wyckoff sites of the different alkali metals.
Geothermal Power Generation
Authors: Nardini Isabella 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGeothermal energy is emerging as one of the most reliable sources of renewable energy and gaining relevance over conventional and non-renewable sources of energy because of its constant availability and sustainable nature. Furthermore, the deployment of geothermal energy helps reduce a country’s dependence on fossil fuels. Besides being a clean and renewable energy source with a low levelized cost of electricity, geothermal reservoirs have huge potential for power generation and may become the pillar of local grid systems, meeting the baseload demand. However, the active contribution from policy makers is necessary to design and develop economic and financial instruments and a favourable regulatory framework to decrease the risk of investment and the capital cost for private investors.
Power Generation from Tides and Waves
Authors: Bhatnagar Dhruv , Preziuso Danielle , O’Neil Rebecca 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMarine renewable energy generated from ocean tides and waves has not yet reached wide spread deployment or full commercial availability on par with comparable sources. This handbook chapter describes the global development of marine renewable energy technology and the most promising commercialization pathways, including “blue economy” marine applications, competitiveness in new electric grid paradigms, and emerging economic models for renewable energy development.
Economics of Electricity Battery Storage
Authors: Noussan Michel 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis chapter deals with the challenges and opportunities of energy storage, with a specific focus on the economics of batteries for storing electricity in the framework of the current energy transition. Storage technologies include a variety of solutions that have been used for different grid services, including frequency control, load following, and uninterrupted power supply. A recent interest is being triggered by the increasing grid balance requirements to integrate variable renewable sources and distributed generation. In parallel, lithium-ion batteries are experiencing a strong market expansion driven by an uptake of electric vehicles worldwide, which is leading to a strong decrease of production costs, making Li-ion batteries an attractive solution also for stationary storage applications.
Economics of Sector Coupling
Authors: Noussan Michel 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis chapter presents an introduction on the main characteristics of sector coupling, which is often referred to with P2X, where “X” may stand for various applications, such as gas (G), heat (H), vehicles (V) or others. The common feature of these technologies is to provide additional flexibility to the power grid by the integration with other energy networks or sectors, converting electricity into other energy carriers. Sector coupling is still an emerging concept, with its first applications being deployed to exploit the electricity excess from variable renewable sources in specific contexts, but with difficulties in achieving competitive returns due to the limited annual capacity factors. However, decreasing investment costs and increasing needs of long-term electricity storage solutions may trigger an interest in sector coupling technologies.
The Integration of Non-dispatchable Renewables
Authors: Baroni Marco 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMost governments around the world have put in place policies to support the deployment of wind and solar technologies, as they are going to play a key role in the decarbonisation of energy systems and to achieve United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. At low levels of deployment, these technologies typically do not raise significant issues, but to reach high shares of power generation, integration measures will be needed. These include enabling the maximum use of flexibility from existing and new plants, changing the way transmission and distribution grids are operated and expanded, increasing the deployment and availability of storage and demand-side mechanisms. Adequate policies are needed to enable the deployment of these measures while minimising the overall power systems costs, ultimately ensuring their affordability.
Financing of Energy Investment
Authors: Halbout Jérôme , Riboud-Seydoux Marie-Noëlle 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHalbout and Riboud-Seydoux offer a concise yet insightful guide to financing an Energy investment from the perspective of Energy investors and professionals. In the context of the substantial investments required to sustain the development of world’s economies, this chapter reviews the key steps in the financing of an Energy project, from the project viability analysis to the choice of financing instruments and structures. The authors highlight how the source of Energy and other characteristics of a specific project impact and shape its financing, using case studies from renewable Energy and conventional Energy alike and conclude by drawing attention to the innovations taking place across all Energy segments.