bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of pollution represented by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons on the levels of p53 and some antioxidant enzymes in Baghdad traffic police
Authors: R. Salem Ashraf , A.R. Al-Wasiti Estabraq , A. Hasan Fahem 
Published: September 2022

Objectives: To ascertain the protective effect of p53 tumor protein by monitoring its levels in comparison with the levels of antioxidant enzymes, against any type of cancer that can be caused by chronic exposure of traffic policemen to air pollutants.
Methods: This study comprises 140 participants, who have been divided into two groups (Traffic police and Office police). PAHs were analyzed for each participant by GC/FID while p53 protein and antioxidant enzymes were measured by the ELISA technique.
Results: The concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and p53 tumor protein were high in the blood of traffic police compared to office police, while higher levels of antioxidant enzymes (Catalase and G-Px) were observed in the blood of office police.
Conclusion: Exposure to PAHs can cause oxidative stress, which can damage DNA and lead to cancer. However, because natural endogenous biomolecules like p53 protein can neutralize PAHs' carcinogenic effects, their elevation has a beneficial anti-cancer effect by reducing oxidative stress and preventing tumorigenesis.
Relationship of Midkine in Myocardial Infarction patients and some biochemical parameters
Authors: Abdlkhaliq Abass Alkado Obeda , Abd Ali Al-Helaly Luay 
Published: September 2022

Objectives: This study aims to estimate the concentrations of MK, hs-CRP, TnI, AST, ALT and ALP in serum for MI in comparison to wholesome controls, in an effort to check the quantity of this impact at the pathological condition, in addition to understanding the position of MK in MI sufferers and its relationship to liver function tests and may be used as biochemical markers to decide the severity of MI in sufferers.
Methods: The studying include the investigation of midkine (MK), High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), Troponin I (TnI), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels in myocardial infarction (MI) patients. The study includes (84) samples: 34 of myocardial infarction patients (19 male and 15 female) and 50 sample of apparently healthy as control group (25 male and 25 female). Samples were collected during the period from Jan. 2021 to July 2021 from in-patients of Cardiac Surgery Center admitted at Ibn Sina Teaching Hospital and Mosul General Hospital, Mosul, Iraq with matching age ranged between 26-86 years. The clinical diagnosis in each case is made according to a cardiovascular specialist.
Results: The results showed that there was a significant increase in MK, TnI, GOT, GPT and ALP for all studied groups (males and females) of MI patients compared with control groups, and there was no any a significant in hs-CRP. Beside of, showed significant positive correlation between MK with BMI, hs-CRP, TnI, AST, ALT and ALP in control and patients group. Whereas there were no any correlation between MK with age, in patients and control under study.
Conclusion: The study indicated that the MK increased in patients with myocardial infarction, and it’s increased in males more than female patients, and that may act as a good markers for diagnosis of myocardial infarction disease.
La mentalidad del niño varón. La medición de las aptitudes en las primeras décadas del siglo XX en Buenos Aires
Authors: Benítez Sebastián Matías 
Published: September 2022

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar el conocimiento psicológico sobre los niños varones en las primeras décadas del siglo XX y su rol en la constitución de una idea específica de mentalidad masculina. Desde una perspectiva histórico-crítica, se analizan fuentes primarias que relacionan el ámbito de la psicología y la pedagogía en tópicos como la memoria, la atención, la imaginación y la medición del nivel intelectual. La recolección de datos psicológicos sobre los niños varones definió un tipo de masculinidad ligada al desarrollo de la razón y con posibilidades de trasformación del ámbito público, a partir de cierta estabilidad en el desarrollo de las aptitudes psicológicas. Ello sería consistente con los modelos de masculinidad hegemónica del momento, aunque pueden encontrarse algunas peculiaridades que complejizan esta caracterización.
Right and left ventricular structures and functions in acute HFpEF: comparing the hypertensive pulmonary edema and worsening heart failure phenotypes
Authors: Iacovoni Attilio , Palmieri VIttorio , Abete Raffaele , Vecchi Andrea Lorenzo , Mortara Andrea , Gori Mauro , Tomasoni Daniela , De Ponti Roberto , Senni Michele 
Published: September 2022

Background
Limited data are available on right (RV) and left (LV) ventricular structures and functions in acute heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (AHF-pEF) presenting with hypertensive pulmonary edema (APE) versus predominant peripheral edema (peHF).

Methods and Results
In a prospective study of consecutive patients with AHF-pEF, 80 patients met inclusion and not exclusion criteria, and underwent echocardiographic and laboratory examination in the emergency ward. The survived (94%) were re-evaluated at the discharge. At admission, systolic, diastolic, pulse blood pressure (BP), and high sensitivity troponin I were higher (all P < 0.05) with APE than with peHF while brain-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), hemoglobin and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) did not differ between the two phenotypes. LV volumes and EF were comparable between APE and peHF, but APE showed lower relative wall thickness (RWT), smaller left atrial (LA) volume, higher pulse pressure/stroke volume (PP/SV), and higher ratio between the peak velocities of the early diastolic waves sampled by traditional and tissue Doppler modality (mitral E/e′, all P < 0.05). Right ventricular and atrial (RA) areas were smaller, tricuspid anular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) and estimated pulmonary artery peak systolic pressure (sPAP) were higher with APE than with peHF (all P < 0.05) while averaged degree of severity of tricuspid insufficiency was greater with peHF than with APE. At discharge, PP/SV, mitral E/e′, sPAP, RV sizes were reduced from admission in both phenotypes (all P < 0.05) and did not differ anymore between phenotypes, whereas LV EF and TAPSE did not show significant changes over time and treatments.

Conclusion
In AHF-pEF, at comparable BNP and LV EF, hypertensive APE showed eccentric LV geometry but smaller RV and RA sizes, and higher RV systolic function, increased LV ventricular filling and systemic arterial loads. AHF resolution abolished the differences in PP/SV and LV diastolic load between APE and peHF whereas APE remained associated with more eccentric RV and higher TAPSE.
Hierarchical Bayesian Model with Inequality Constraints for US County Estimates
Authors: Chen Lu , Nandram Balgobin , Cruze Nathan B. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In the production of US agricultural official statistics, certain inequality and benchmarking constraints must be satisfied. For example, available administrative data provide an accurate lower bound for the county-level estimates of planted acres, produced by the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) National Agricultural statistics Services (NASS). In addition, the county-level estimates within a state need to add to the state-level estimates. A sub-area hierarchical Bayesian model with inequality constraints to produce county-level estimates that satisfy these important relationships is discussed, along with associated measures of uncertainty. This model combines the County Agricultural Production Survey (CAPS) data with administrative data. Inequality constraints add complexity to fitting the model and present a computational challenge to a full Bayesian approach. To evaluate the inclusion of these constraints, the models with and without inequality constraints were compared using 2014 corn planted acres estimates for three states. The performance of the model with inequality constraints illustrates the improvement of county-level estimates in accuracy and precision while preserving required relationships.
Small Domain Estimation of Census Coverage – A Case Study in Bayesian Analysis of Complex Survey Data
Authors: Elleouet Joane S. , Graham Patrick , Kondratev Nikolai , Morgan Abby K. , Green Rebecca M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Many countries conduct a full census survey to report official population statistics. As no census survey ever achieves 100% response rate, a post-enumeration survey (PES) is usually conducted and analysed to assess census coverage and produce official population estimates by geographic area and demographic attributes. Considering the usually small size of PES, direct estimation at the desired level of disaggregation is not feasible. Design-based estimation with sampling weight adjustment is a commonly used method but is difficult to implement when survey nonresponse patterns cannot be fully documented and population benchmarks are not available. We overcome these limitations with a fully model-based Bayesian approach applied to the New Zealand PES. Although theory for the Bayesian treatment of complex surveys has been described, published applications of individual level Bayesian models for complex survey data remain scarce. We provide such an application through a case study of the 2018 census and PES surveys. We implement a multilevel model that accounts for the complex design of PES. We then illustrate how mixed posterior predictive checking and cross-validation can assist with model building and model selection. Finally, we discuss potential methodological improvements to the model and potential solutions to mitigate dependence between the two surveys.
Variable Inclusion Strategies through Directed Acyclic Graphs to adjust Health Surveys subject to Selection Bias for Producing National Estimates
Authors: Li Yan , Irimata Katherine E. , He Yulei , Parker Jennifer 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Along with the rapid emergence of web surveys to address time-sensitive priority topics, various propensity score (PS)-based adjustment methods have been developed to improve population representativeness for nonprobability- or probability-sampled web surveys subject to selection bias. Conventional PS-based methods construct pseudo-weights for web samples using a higher-quality reference probability sample. The bias reduction, however, depends on the outcome and variables collected in both web and reference samples. A central issue is identifying variables for inclusion in PS-adjustment. In this article, directed acyclic graph (DAG), a common graphical tool for causal studies but largely under-utilized in survey research, is used to examine and elucidate how different types of variables in the causal pathways impact the performance of PS-adjustment. While past literature generally recommends including all variables, our research demonstrates that only certain types of variables are needed in PS-adjustment. Our research is illustrated by NCHS’ Research and Development Survey, a probability-sampled web survey with potential selection bias, PS-adjusted to the National Health Interview Survey, to estimate U.S. asthma prevalence. Findings in this article can be used by National Statistics Offices to design questionnaires with variables that improve web-samples’ population representativeness and to release more timely and accurate estimates for priority topics.
Application of foam separation in production of β-glucanase in Pichia
Authors: Yuhang Qin , Yuqing Chen , Yajuan Peng , Wenyao Shao 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
β-glucanase is widely used in many fields and has great economic value and development space, but it faces the difficulties of separation and nutrient destruction in the process of industrial production. Foam separation is a simple, mild and efficient adsorption separation technique that enables efficient separation and extraction of β-glucanase. In this study, five single factors (loading volume, pH, separation gas velocity, fermentation loading concentration, surfactant concentration) of foam separation and harvest of β-glucanase produced by Pichia pastoris were studied. The best univariate condition was: 600 mL/min separation gas velocity, loading volume of 200 mL, initial enzyme concentration of 100 g/mL, surfactant concentration of 0.3 mg/mL and pH of 5. Based on the best univariate condition, the optimal separation conditions of β-glucanase were further explored, and the five-factor four-level orthogonal test was designed. From the experimental results, the best separation condition was: 600 mL/min, loading volume of 200 mL, initial enzyme concentration of 100 μg/mL, surfactant concentration of 0.5 mg/mL and pH of 5. Under this separation condition, the enrichment ratio (E) was 0.56 and the recovery rate (R) was 96.01%.
Nathaniel Hawthorne’s Ecophilosophy in “Rappaccini’s Daughter”
Authors: Mnassar Sabri 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper examines Nathaniel Hawthorne’s ecophilosophy in “Rappaccini’s Daughter” by focusing on his various representations of the natural environment and the human relationship to it. It suggests that the story reflects his belief that nature is divinely arranged and that humanity should protect rather than manipulate its systems. From his perspective, the disruption of natural systems would not only cause the extinction of many animal species but also endanger human life and existence on earth. The paper further suggests that Hawthorne promotes a view of nature as a living organism whose entities possess souls and spirits. Their capacity to have feelings and emotions makes them entitled to moral respect and consideration. In its study of the author’s environmental values and ethics, the essay claims that Hawthorne advocates the idea that human beings do not occupy a privileged position in the universe and that they are not superior or more important than nonhumans. In contrast to the Biblical vision of humankind, he portrays humans as weak and flawed creatures that cannot attain divine perfection. For these reasons, the paper asserts that “Rappaccini’s Daughter” exhibits Hawthorne’s deep ecological awareness and underlines his stature as a pioneer of American literary environmentalism.
Laughing with Beckett in Waiting for Godot and Endgame
Authors: Miyanrostaq Mohammad Masoodi , Mousavi Seyyed Mehdi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper examines the use of laughter as redemption in Samuel Beckett’s Waiting for Godot and Endgame. By acknowledging the somatic life of characters, Beckett’s humour problematises un-embodied philosophies of life. Challenging Hugh Kenner’s claim that Beckett’s humour is not redemptive because of the dryness and repetitions involved, it is argued that the foregrounding of fragility and vulnerability is a way of expressing deeply humane laughter in Waiting for Godot and Endgame. While highlighting that the dialectic of lack and excess is one source of Beckettian laughter, the main thrust of the argument emphasises the possibility of transcendence in a comic situation. The play of lack and excess, rather than suspending transcendental redemption, presents the human condition in its existential mundane realities. Accordingly, visceral and repetitive laughter are discussed in the two plays to bring to the fore the ironic and redemptive aspect of the comic, especially in the scenes where some sort of existential humour is implied.
Existential Dualism and Absurdity: Modernist Theatricality in Wole Soyinka’sDeath and the King’s Horsemanand Samuel Beckett’sEndgame
Authors: Garuba Issa Omotosho 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWole Soyinka and Samuel Beckett apparently occupy distinct places in the literary space, in all ramifications. Specifically, while the former’s dramaturgy is definable within the context of the traditional convention of playwriting, otherwise known as well-made plays, the latter is inherently non-conformist in this regard. Hence, the effort in this paper was to locate a nexus in their writings, using two of their plays,Death and the King’s HorsemanandEndgame, respectively. Theatre of the Absurd, as an offshoot of existentialism, provided the ground for the critical intersection of philosophical and ideological geometry of the two plays. The critical paradigm essentially relied on the interconnectivity of absurdist writings and existentialist thoughts, as the holistic context which fundamentally defines modernism, to assess what is conceived as modernist theatricality in the two plays. Building on the modernists’ interrogation of man’s existence and essence in the world in which existential meaning is presumably lost, the paper concluded that the two texts are largely intoned with modernist thoughts, regardless of their formal or structural distinction. It arrived at this by placing particular emphasis on the playwrights’ attempts, in these works, at demanding a more spontaneous response to the question of the essence of the individual and his/her place in the universe in which meaning in existence, in the modernist sense, is believed to have been lost.
Crystalloids vs. colloids for fluid optimization in patients undergoing brain tumour surgery
Authors: Markovic-Bozic Jasmina , Visocnik Bozidar , Music Polona , Potocnik Iztok , Vesel Alenka Spindler 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
This randomised, double-blinded, single-centre study prospectively investigated the impact of goal directed therapy and fluid optimization with crystalloids or colloids on perioperative complications in patients undergoing brain tumour surgery. Main aim of the study was to investigate the impact of fluid type on postoperative complications.

Patients and methods
80 patients were allocated into two equal groups to be optimised with either crystalloids (n = 40) or colloids (n = 40). Invasive hemodynamic monitoring was used to adjust and maintain mean arterial pressure and cerebral oxygenation within the baseline values (± 20%) and stroke volume variation (SVV) ≤ 10%. Postoperative complications from different organ systems were monitored during the first 15 days after surgery. Hospital stay was also recorded.

Results
Crystalloid group received significantly more fluids (p = 0.003) and phenylephrine (p = 0.02) compared to colloid group. This did not have any significant impact on perioperative complications and hospital stay, since no differences between groups were observed.

Conclusions
Either crystalloids or colloids could be used for fluid optimization in brain tumour surgery. If protocolised perioperative haemodynamic management is used, the type of fluid does not have significant impact on the outcome.
Overview on Social Media User Behavior during the COVID-19 Pandemic: From Fear of Missing Out and Social Networking Fatigue to Privacy Concerns
Authors: Mican Daniel , Andreica Mihuț Ioana Sorina , Sterie Luigia-Gabriela , Sitar-Taut Dan-Andrei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Social networking sites and social media serve as vital avenues of interaction among people all over the world as well as essential platforms for the distribution of information. Companies, like individuals, embrace social networks as a non-formal way to engage with their customers and suppliers, gather information about their online behavior, and offer personalized content. Both scholars and managers from various organizations looking to increase their competitive edge or market shares have an interest in the impact that social networks have on human behavior. Because of this, the current research seeks to investigate how users perceive a wide range of concepts related to using social networking sites, including fear of missing out (FoMO), social networking fatigue, information and communication overload, ubiquitous connectivity and peer communication, and privacy concerns. The authors also examined users’ intentions to continue using social networking sites despite the COVID-19 outbreak in order to ensure a more thorough understanding of the research topic. The findings aim to provide a better knowledge of how users see interaction on social networks in their daily lives as well as an overview of user perspectives on the terms mentioned above.
Implementation of the soviet policy regarding the household industry in the Tambovschina during the years of military communism
Authors: Makhrachev G. S. 
Published: September 2022

The aim of the article is to clarify the peculiarities of Soviet policy implementation concerning handicraft industry in the years of war communism on the example of Tambov province. The establishment of Soviet power was accompanied by several years of civil war. With the general decline in industrial production, it was often only the handicraftsmen who could provide for the needs of the new government and the population at large. Soviet power was primarily focused on building a centralised cooperative hierarchy in the handicrafts industry. At the first stages, registration powers, as well as general questions of the development of the handicraft industry, were under the control of the cooperative department of the Supreme Council of National Economy (SCNE) and its local representative offices, the GSCNE and USCNE. A characteristic phenomenon of 1918 was registration red tape. On the one hand, illiterate peasants were unable to draw up a statute in accordance with the regulations in force; on the other hand, the local authorities themselves were often incompetent and could not professionally advise the craftsmen on the requirements for drawing up a document. In 1919, in the framework of implementing the resolution of 26 April 1919 " Concerning Assistance Measures for Handicraft Industry", a Directorate for cooperative affairs, handicraft and small Industry was established under the SCNE, and relevant departments were set up under the GSCNE and the USCNE. Gradually the problem of uncontrolled exploitation of artisans became acute. Although, according to the current resolution, only the departments of cooperative affairs, handicraft and small industry had the right to conclude contracts with artisans, on a practical level this was also carried out by other authorities.In 1920, the trade cooperation was placed under the management of the consumer cooperative. According to another resolution, the Central Administrative Board for crafts,small industry and trade cooperation was put in charge of the handicraft industry, and its local departments were responsible for it.