bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Static allometries do not reflect evolutionary allometry in exaggerated weaponry of male New Zealand sheetweb spiders (Cambridgea spp.)
Authors: Walker Leilani Ariyavisitakul , Holwell Gregory Ian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAcross the animal kingdom, exaggerated weaponry is frequently used by one sex to contest access for potential mates. Within species, if disproportionate investment in weaponry confers an advantage to larger individuals, this may result in positive static allometry. It is predicted that the same selective pressures may also lead to positive evolutionary allometry, where larger species bear disproportionately large weapons on average, compared with smaller species. Furthermore, in species with stronger sexual selection, the static allometries of those weapons are expected to steepen. All adult males across the New Zealand sheetweb spider genus Cambridgea bear exaggerated chelicerae, which are used to compete for control of females' webs. Here, we characterize the distribution of chelicera lengths within each sex of 12 Cambridgea species to show that chelicerae almost always exhibit positive static allometry in males while female chelicera lengths are consistently isometric. We use comparative phylogenetic methods to demonstrate that the slopes of static allometries steepen in males of larger species but that the ratio of average chelicera length to cephalothorax width is tightly conserved across taxa, leading to an isometric evolutionary allometry. While static allometries indeed steepen in larger species, possibly due to stronger sexual selection, this conservation of relative trait size suggests that chelicera length is subject to other stabilizing selective pressures. Changes to species body plans might be constrained, while still allowing for disproportionate investment in weapon traits in the upper range of intraspecific body sizes.
Signaling effects of recurrent list‐price reductions on the likelihood of house sales
Authors: Kryzanowski Lawrence , Wu Yanting 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRecurrent list‐price reductions for a house may signal the impatience of sellers to conclude a sell transaction more quickly, leading to more visits and a higher likelihood of being sold (positive signal). Recurrent list‐price reductions may also provide a market signal that the listing is problematic and thus harder to sell without a list‐price reduction, leading to a lower likelihood of being sold (negative signal). Unlike standard survival analysis, we investigate which signal prevails using a joint frailty model that accounts for the interdependence among recurrent list‐price reductions and the association between the recurrent reductions and the sold event. Our novel data set contains the time‐dated recurrent list‐price reductions for each house listed on the market. The results from the joint frailty model show time‐varying negative impacts of list‐price reductions on the likelihood of a house sale, supporting the dominance of the negative signaling effects of recurrent list‐price reductions. Although listings with frequent list‐price reductions are less likely to be sold, sold houses sell at a higher ratio of sold price to last list price, which incorporates current market conditions and fairer pricing, holding constant the initial list price and the aggregate list‐price reduction from the initial list price.
Long short‐term memory based real‐time monitoring of potato slice drying using image chromatic features
Authors: Sabat Mousumi , Kotwaliwale Nachiket , Chakraborty Subir Kumar , Kumar Manoj 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe computer vision system provides a better alternative to conventional quality assessment methods during drying because it is rapid, inexpensive, nondestructive, sensitive, and precise. Experiments were conducted for drying of 1‐mm‐thick potato slices at 45, 50, 55, and 60°C. A laboratory‐scale hot air dryer with the provision of installing an image acquisition system was used to visualize the chromatic changes during the drying process. Multiple input single output (MISO) type long short‐term memory (LSTM) network was used to study the time series data. This network has multivariate input data (chromatic attributes of potato slices) to predict single output (moisture content). The optimized network after hyperparameter tuning has an architecture of 86 hidden layers, an LSTM depth of 2, a dropout value of 0.4, and a learning rate of 0.01, providing the highest R of 0.96 and the lowest RMSE of 13.25 × 10−2. During performance evaluation, the R and RMSE values were obtained to be 0.98 and 3.75 × 10−2, 0.97 and 4.29 × 10−2, and 0.98 and 2.67 × 10−2 at 47, 54, and 58°C, respectively.Novelty impact statementThe real‐time monitoring system helps minimize human intervention to assess product quality during drying. This system allows us to comprehend the complexities in the chromatic quality changes in the product while drying. It also finds its usefulness in continuous type dryers where quality monitoring is a serious issue. Furthermore, the same algorithm can be used for multiple operations like cooking, roasting, baking, etc., and various agricultural commodities after adequate training.
Cellular antioxidant and emulsifying activities of fucoidan extracted from Nizamuddinia zanardinii using different green extraction methods
Authors: Alboofetileh Mehdi , Rezaei Masoud , Hamzeh Ali , Tabarsa Mehdi , Cravotto Giancarlo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn the present study, fucoidan was extracted from Nizamuddinia zanardinii samples using nine different green extraction techniques in addition to the conventional hot water extraction method (HW). Antioxidant (chemical and cellular assays) and emulsifying activities as well as optical properties of the different extracted fucoidans were investigated. The chemical composition and molecular weight of the fucoidans were also discussed. The results showed that fucoidan extracted using microwaves and a combination of ultrasound and microwaves (UM) exhibited the highest DPPH scavenging activity (72%) and reducing power (0.37–0.39 Abs). Moreover, all extracted fucoidans showed good cytoprotective effects on H2O2‐induced damage and inhibition of reactive oxygen species formation in HepG2 cells, and the fucoidan extracted by UM exhibited the highest activity (59.51–69.06%). Additionally, the fucoidans isolated by green techniques showed higher emulsification capacity than those isolated by HW method. Based on the obtained results, the method UM can be recommended for the extraction of fucoidans from N. zanardinii samples.Novelty impact statementFucoidan is a sulfated polysaccharide extracted from brown seaweeds with various bioactivities. In recent years, industry prefer the greener and faster methods to obtain bioactive compounds. In this regard, further studies are needed to determine the bioactivity of compounds extracted by environmentally friendly methods. In the present study, impact of different green extraction methods on the antioxidant and emulsifying activity of fucoidans from N. zanardinii were investigated for the first time. The results confirmed that fucoidans extracted by green methods has antioxidant activity in both chemical and cellular models and also exhibits emulsifying activity. On this basis, the extracted fucoidans can be used for the development of dietary supplements for humans and can also be incorporated into food formulation for the production of functional foods.
Aesthetic considerations for treating the North American multi‐ethnic patient: Thriving in diversity international roundtable series
Authors: Fabi Sabrina Guillen , Callender Valerie D. , Lee Wendy W. , Dayan Steven 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe United States is becoming increasingly diverse, and between 2016 and 2019, an increase of 945 832 aesthetic procedures was recorded for Hispanic, African American, and Asian American patients combined. In aesthetics, where outcomes are technique dependent and tied to the clinician's ability to tailor treatment to the needs of individual patients, a knowledge of ethnic differences in anatomy and how aesthetic issues can be safely and effectively addressed in different groups is paramount.AimsTo discuss similarities and difference in anatomy and treatment preferences of patients from a variety of ethnic and racial backgrounds and how these differences may influence the products or techniques utilized to achieve natural‐looking results and minimize side effects.Patients/MethodsIn support of clinicians who wish to serve a diverse patient population, a 6‐part international roundtable series focused on diversity in aesthetics was conducted from August 24, 2021, to May 16, 2022.ResultsThe results of the first roundtable in the series, the North American Multiethnic Patient, are described here.ConclusionsA diverse range of patients can benefit from the tailored use of fillers, fat transfer, neuromodulators, lasers, and energy‐based devices, as long as differences in structural support, skin, and aging patterns, are appreciated.
Biology and management of lobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia
Authors: Miyamoto Tsutomu , Kobara Hisanori , Shiozawa Tanri 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimLobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia (LEGH) is a multicystic proliferative disorder of the uterine cervix. The aim of this review was to clarify the current understanding of this unique tumor.MethodThis article reviews the chronological progress of research regarding clinico‐pathological and genetic aspects of LEGH and related cervical cystic diseases such as Nabothian cyst and adenocarcinoma of gastric type (GAS), using the literature and data from our institute. We also describe clinical management including preoperative diagnosis and adequate surgical/expectant treatment based on the biological features.ResultsRecent studies revealed several unique aspects of LEGH, that is, (i) production of gastric mucin, (ii) symptomatic and histological similarity with minimal deviation adenocarcinoma (MDA), and (iii) frequent association with GAS, including MDA. These findings indicated that LEGH is a gastric metaplasia, as well as pre‐cancerous neoplasia. For the preoperative diagnosis of LEGH, the combination of “cosmos” sign on magnetic resonance imaging, detection of gastric mucin, and lack of nuclear atypia on cytology is important. Cone biopsy is effective for pathological diagnosis. Simple hysterectomy is indicated as surgical treatment for LEGH; however, meticulous follow‐up is also an option, especially for young patients, because the rate of malignant transformation was reported to be 1%–2%. For LEGH patients who selected follow‐up, a worsening cytology and increase in lesion size were important signs of malignant change of LEGH for safe follow‐up.ConclusionProper understanding of the characteristics of LEGH is important for adequate management.
Oral epithelial dysplasia grading: Comparing the binary system to the traditional 3‐tier system, an actuarial study with malignant transformation as outcome
Authors: Sperandio Marcelo , Warnakulasuriya Saman , Soares Andresa Borges , Passador‐Santos Fabrício , Mariano Fernanda Viviane , Lima Carmen Silvia Passos , Scarini João Figueira , Dominguete Matheus Henrique Lopes , de Camargo Moraes Paulo , Montalli Victor Angelo Martins , Hellmeister Luiza , de Araújo Vera Cavalcanti 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundEstablishing the risk of malignant transformation (MT) in oral leukoplakia is usually based on grading oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) on biopsy tissue, for which two systems are proposed: a 3‐tier and a binary system. Only very few actuarial studies have tested the accuracy of such methods in predicting MT, especially for the binary system. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of the two grading systems in predicting MT in a cohort of oral leukoplakia (OL) from Brazil, with follow‐up data.MethodsThe sample comprised 878 individuals diagnosed with OL from 2005 to 2018. Follow‐up data were obtained both locally and from the regional cancer registry. All lesions were graded using both the 3‐tier and the binary systems. Kaplan–Meier curves (Log‐rank Mantel‐Cox) were used to assess risk and kappa to assess interobserver agreement.ResultsThirty‐five individuals underwent MT (4%). Both systems demonstrated prognostic value, though the 3‐tier system proved superior, with OR 9.23 (3.42–23.69), PPV 0.152, NPV 0.98, compared to binary OR 3.49 (1.79–6.79), PPV 0.079, NPV 0.976. Interobserver agreement was also superior in the 3‐tier system (0.47, p < 0.05) compared to the binary system (0.139, p = 0.39). Combining the two systems enhanced prognostic values (OR 14.28, PPV 0.217, NPV 0.981).ConclusionThe 3‐tier system presented superior prognostic value to the binary system. Combining both systems to double‐grade intermediate lesions might enhance risk assessment.
Psychobiographies of social change agents: Introduction to the Special Issue
Authors: Adler Jonathan M. , Singer Jefferson A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis Special Issue of Journal of Personality, focused on psychobiographies of social change agents, aims to make contributions to the field in terms of content, method, and process. The content of the issue is focused on understanding people who powerfully impact their world, from eminent global leaders to everyday change agents. The contributions to the Special Issue are unified by their adoption of psychobiographical methods, though as a set they offer both excellent representations of common psychobiographical approaches as well as vital innovations in this tradition. The process of curating this Special Issue sought to make several interventions in typical practices, including the cultivation of an intentional community of scholars representing both experienced and fledgling psychobiographers, the pursuit of a relational approach to publishing, and the adoption of open science practices. Psychobiography has an important role to play in contemporary personality psychology and we hope this Special Issue will itself serve as a foundation for continued innovation in the field.
Intimate racism from one's partner in young intercultural couples
Authors: Yampolsky Maya A. , Rossini Alessandra , Pagé Justine , Leanza Yvan , Lalonde Richard N. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRacism from one's partner is a highly sensitive phenomenon that has received little research attention. The current research introduces the concept of “intimate racism” to refer to racism from close others. The manifestation of intimate racism in intercultural romantic relationships was explored with a sample of 92 racialized minorities who were currently, or previously, in an intercultural relationship. An online survey enquired about the experience of racism from their partner, and responses were coded and analyzed using thematic content analysis. More than 50 different manifestations of intimate racism emerged and these were grouped into eight categories: explicit racism, microinsults, microinvalidations, positive stereotypes, racial fetishization, partner abuse, defensiveness, and others. Co‐occurrence analyses revealed links between intimate racism with negative, neutral and positive experiences, which were connected to participants’ responses to racism (e.g., confronting, disengaging) and to stressful identity experiences. The present work opens a new field of study to examine intimate racism and its implications.
Pension, possible phaseout, and endogenous fertility in general equilibrium
Authors: Amol Amol , Bishnu Monisankar , Ray Tridip 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe rich literature on Pay‐As‐You‐Go (PAYG)‐type pensions provides a notion that when pension return is dominated by the market return, generally it is impossible to phase pension out without hurting any generation. We show that PAYG pensions can indeed be phased out in a much richer framework where fertility is endogenous and general equilibrium effects are present. Interestingly, the factor that helps us to phase the pension out in a Pareto way is hidden in the structure of PAYG pension itself. Individualistic agents fail to recognize the benefits of their fertility decision on these programs and, therefore, end up in an allocation that is strictly dominated by the allocations that internalize this externality. Exploiting this positive externality, competitive economy can improve its allocations and can reach the planner's steady‐state in finite time where each generation secures as much utility as in the competitive equilibrium. Clearly, it is possible to transition in a Pareto way to an economy either with no pension or with pensions whose return is not dominated by market return.
THE AGE, ORIGIN AND CONTEXT OF RESERVOIR SANDSTONES UNDERLYING THE LOWERMOST SILURIAN “HOT” SHALES IN THE WEST OF THE SULTANATE OF OMAN
Authors: Ghafri A.S.M. Al , Heward A.P. , Booth G.A. , Abbasi I.A. 
Published: September 2022

The age and origin of reservoir sandstones which underlie the lowermost Silurian “hot” shales of the Sahmah Formation in the west of Oman is controversial. Here we describe one such sandstone which was cored and interpreted based on geological well evidence, and which then had to be re‐interpreted when definitive palynological results became available. The findings are enhanced when interpreted along with other deep wells in the area which have consistent palynological data.The western part of the Sultanate of Oman is a tectonically stable intra‐basinal high with low regional dips. In this area, the relief on the base‐Silurian unconformity of >250 m appears to be greater than that beneath the Permo‐Carboniferous unconformity which is well known for being highly erosive. The sandstones preserved beneath the base‐Silurian unconformity vary in depositional environment and reservoir quality from well to well, depending on their age, degree of erosion and differences in regional subsidence.There has been little evidence for the presence of Hirnantian‐aged deposits in Oman to date. However, some of the erosion and deep incisions which affect deposits of the Upper Ordovician Hasirah Formation are almost certainly related to falling sea levels accompanying the Hirnantian glaciation, just as the presence of the “hot shale” source rocks in the overlying Sahmah Formation are likely to be related to rising sea‐levels and anoxic conditions during the later deglaciation. Deformed strata in the Upper Ordovician deposits may reflect the instability of valley‐sides cut into weakly‐consolidated strata exposed during changes in sea‐level.The Sahmah oil play underlying the basal Silurian “hot” shales in Oman carries significant risks relating to the presence or absence of closures and reservoir, and the character, continuity and cementation of reservoir sandstones.
Phylogenomic, morphological, and niche differentiation analyses unveil species delimitation and evolutionary history of endangered maples inAcerseriesCampestria(Sapindaceae)
Authors: Fan Xiao‐Kai , Wu Jing , Comes Hans Peter , Feng Yu , Wang Ting , Yang Shu‐Zhen , Iwasaki Takaya , Zhu Hong , Jiang Yun , Lee Joongku , Li Pan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAccurate species delimitation is crucial for biodiversity conservation. TheAcerseriesCampestriacomprises four species,A. campestreL.,A. miyabeiMaxim.,A. miaotaienseP. C. Tsoong, andA. yangjuechiFang & P. L. Chiu. To clarify controversies over the taxonomic status of the latter three endangered species, we undertook phylogenomic, morphological, and niche differentiation analyses in seriesCampestria. Our coalescent species tree of 544 and 77 single‐copy nuclear genes supported seriesCampestriaas monophyletic, withA. yangjuechihaving the closest relationship withA. miaotaiense. However, in the plastome‐derived tree based on 64 protein coding sequences, the four species did not cluster together, and each of them grouped with some other sympatricAcerspecies. Given this nuclear‐cytoplasmic conflict, we hypothesize thatA. yangjuechihave been subject to nuclear gene introgression and plastid (pt) capture involving another sympatric maple, that is,A. amplum Rehder. Principal component analysis and machine learning based on morphological data could not separateA. yangjuechiandA. miaotaiense, but they both could be clearly distinguished fromA. miyabei. Moreover, the niche overlap tests of the two more widespread species,A. miyabeiandA. miaotaiense, showed they clearly occupy distinct niches. Overall, we conclude thatA. miyabeiandA. miaotaienseare distinct species, whileA. yangjuechi(endemic to Mt. Tianmu/East China) should be treated as a subspecies ofA. miaotaiense. Our study points out that multiple lines of phylogenomic, morphological, and ecological evidence prove highly useful in species delimitation. Additionally, our results should help to inform conservation measures for endangered species of the genusAcer/seriesCampestriain East Asia.
Microwave processing technology influences the functional and structural properties of fish gelatin
Authors: Kang Xinzi , Guo Wenwen , Ding Keying , Zhan Shengnan , Lou Qiaoming , Huang Tao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of microwave processing technology (MPT, 240–800 W, 1 and 4 min) on the functional and structural properties of fish gelatin (FG). It showed that MPT could increase gel strength and texture properties of FG, especially for 240 W. MPT greatly increased emulsifying activity index (EAI) of FG, but decreased its emulsion stability index (ESI). Rheology results showed that MPT increased viscosity of FG, but decreased gelation times. Intrinsic fluorescence and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy results indicated that MPT could unfold gelatin, contributing to the formation of H‐bonds. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed that low power and short time of MPT‐treated gelatin gels had much more dense and less voids. This work provided guidance for the applications of MPT to improve the functional properties of FG, and the results show that MPT‐treated FG can replace mammalian gelatin and meet the religious requirement.
Prognosis of hepatitis E infection in patients with chronic liver disease: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Qiu Ling‐Xian , Huang Yue , Quan Jia‐Li , Bi Zhao‐Feng , Zhong Guo‐Hua , Wang Jiang‐Yahui , Huang Shou‐Jie , Su Ying‐Ying , Wu Ting , Zhang Jun , Lu Gui‐Yang , Zhang Guo‐Min , Xia Ning‐Shao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn individuals with underlying chronic liver disease (CLD), hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is a potential trigger of acute‐on‐chronic liver failure. In this systematic review, seven electronic databases were searched. Pooled incidence rates with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated by the Freeman–Tukey double arcsine transformation method. The association between death or liver failure and HEV superinfection in CLD patients was estimated by the odds ratios (OR) with a 95% CI. A total of 18 studies from 5 countries were eligible for systematic review. The prevalence of acute HEV infection in hospitalized CLD patients with clinical manifestations of hepatitis was 13.6%, which was significantly higher than that in CLD patients from the community (pooled prevalence 1.1%). The overall rates of liver failure and mortality in CLD patients with HEV superinfection were 35.8% (95% CI: 26.7%–45.6%) and 14.3% (95% CI: 10.6%–18.5%), respectively, with the rates in cirrhotic patients being approximately 2‐fold and 4‐fold higher than those in noncirrhotic patients, respectively. The risks of liver failure (OR = 5.5, 95% CI: 1.5–20.1) and mortality (OR = 5.0, 95% CI: 1.9–13.3) were significantly higher in CLD patients with HEV superinfection than in those without HEV superinfection. HEV testing in hospitalized CLD patients is necessary due to the high prevalence of HEV infection observed in hospitalized CLD patients. HEV superinfection could accelerate disease progression in patients with underlying CLD and increase mortality in these patients. HEV vaccination is appropriate for patients with pre‐existing CLD.