bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modulation of Topological Order in Structural Unit of Nitrides for Enhanced Electrosynthesis of Nitrile
Authors: Zhao Lei , Mao Keke , Xu Jing , Liu Yuchun , Wang Junxiang , Zhou Min , Xu Kun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe electrochemical oxidation of amines has emerged as a promising alternative to traditional energy‐intensive industrial processes for the green synthesis of nitriles, and the rational design of efficient electrocatalysts is crucial due to the sluggish reaction kinetics. Herein, it is reported that modulating the topological order within the same structural unit can boost catalytic activity for the electrooxidation of benzylamine to benzonitrile (BOR). Using nickel nitride as a model, Cu atoms are introduced into the pristine N─Ni structural framework, inducing a change in the topological order of the structural units and resulting in the formation of Ni3CuN with an antiperovskite structure. As a result, the antiperovskite Ni3CuN exhibits a 2‐fold enhancement of BOR activity compared to Ni3N, despite the fact that the N─Ni coordination polyhedra of both are almost identical. Theoretical calculations demonstrate that the modulation strategy of the topological order of the same structural units successfully weakens the Ni─N bonding interactions, induces the downward shift of the d‐band centers, and optimizes the desorption of the reaction products, which ultimately contributes to the more superior electrocatalytic activity of Ni3CuN. This work provides a new perspective on developing advanced electrocatalysts through the structural topological order modulation.
“Heat‐Press‐N‐Go” Stretchable Interconnects Enabled by Liquid Metal Conductor with Supramolecular Confinement
Authors: Ai Liqing , Lin Weikang , Ai Limei , Li Yannan , Qiang Mengyi , Wang Xiaoya , Shi Min , Yang Zhengbao , Yao Xi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe integration of soft, conformable components and rigid microelectronics or devices is a critical frontier in stretchable hybrid device development. However, engineering interconnects capable of tolerating high‐stress concentrations and preventing debonding failures remain a key challenge. Here a stretchable conductive interconnect derived from the liquid metal conductor with supramolecular confinement is reported, capable of reliably connecting soft and rigid parts through a simple “Heat‐Press‐N‐Go” method. Leveraging the dynamic bonding nature of supramolecular polymers, when confined within liquid metal compartments, not only effectively stabilizes the conductive path of the stretchable interconnect, but also offers high adhesion to diverse surfaces, reaching an exceptional electrical stretchability of up to 2800%. As proof of concept, this interconnect is used to assemble wearable devices including reconfigurable stretchable circuits, multifunctional sensors, and on‐skin electromyography, exhibiting high signal integrity and mechanical durability. The “Heat‐Press‐N‐Go” chip and circuit integration offers the boundless potential to enhance the adaptability, convenience, and versatility of on‐skin and wearable electronics across various applications.
In Vitro Engineered ECM‐incorporated Hydrogels for Osteochondral Tissue Repair: A Cell‐Free Approach
Authors: Coyle Ali , Chakraborty Aishik , Huang Jiaqi , Shamiya Yasmeen , Luo Wei , Paul Arghya 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPrevalence of osteoarthritis has been increasing in aging populations, which has necessitated the use of advanced biomedical treatments. These involve grafts or delivering drug molecules entrapped in scaffolds. However, such treatments often show suboptimal therapeutic effects due to poor half‐life and off‐target effects of drug molecules. As a countermeasure, a 3D printable robust hydrogel‐based tissue‐repair platform is developed containing decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) from differentiated mammalian cells as the therapeutic cargo. Here, pre‐osteoblastic and pre‐chondrogenic murine cells are differentiated in vitro, decellularized, and incorporated into methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) solutions to form osteogenic (GelO) and chondrogenic (GelC) hydrogels, respectively. Integrating the bioactive dECM from differentiated cell sources allows GelO and GelC to induce differentiation in human adipose‐derived stem cells (hASCs) toward osteogenic and chondrogenic lineages. Further, GelO and GelC can be covalently adhered using a carbodiimide coupling reaction, forming a multi‐layered hydrogel with potential application as a bioactive osteochondral plug. The designed multi‐layered hydrogel can also induce differentiation of hASCs in vitro. In conclusion, the bioactive dECM carrying 3D printed robust hydrogel offers a promising new drug and cell‐free therapeutic strategy for bone and cartilage repair and future osteoarthritis management.
Microwave‐Sintered Nano‐SiC Reinforced 8SiC/Ti‐3Cu Composite: Fabrication, Wear Resistance, Antibacterial Function, and Biocompatibility
Authors: Li Xin , Zhao Ying‐Chao , Yin Dengfeng , Cai Ying , Xiao Desheng , Zhao Ming‐Chun , Wen Cuie , Atrens Andrej 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe significance of biomedical applications of Ti alloys is best emphasized by their widespread utilization as implantable materials, such as internal supports and bone replacements. Ti alloys are sensitive to fretting wear, which leads to the early failure of Ti implants. Improved wear resistance of such implants is essential to ensure a prolonged implant life. Based on the structure‐function‐integrated concept, this work unprecedentedly designs and fabricates an antibacterial 8SiC/Ti‐3Cu composite with improved wear resistance using microwave sintering from pure Ti, Cu, and nano‐SiC powders. For comparison, SiC‐free Ti‐3Cu composite is manufactured under the same conditions using microwave sintering. The addition of 8 vol.% SiC to Ti‐3Cu significantly reduces the porosity and pore size of composites. The 8SiC/Ti‐3Cu shows a Vickers hardness of 353 HV, compressive strength of 803 MPa, elastic modulus of 28.7 GPa, and a significantly increased wear resistance (wear rate decreased by 70% compared to Ti‐3Cu). In addition, 8SiC/Ti‐3Cu exhibits excellent electrochemical corrosion resistance, biocompatibility in relation to MC3T3‐E1 cells, and a bacteriostatic rate over 99% against E. coli. The combination of the wear‐resistant nano‐reinforced SiC and antibacterial Ti2Cu in the 8SiC/Ti‐3Cu composite renders it a highly promising implant material.
Insulative Compression of Neuronal Tissues on Microelectrode Arrays by Perfluorodecalin Enhances Electrophysiological Measurements
Authors: Duenki Tomoya , Ikeuchi Yoshiho 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMicroelectrode array (MEA) techniques provide a powerful method for exploration of neural network dynamics. A critical challenge is to interface 3D neural tissues including neural organoids with the flat MEAs surface, as it is essential to place neurons near to the electrodes for recording weak extracellular signals of neurons. To enhance performance of MEAs, most research have focused on improving their surface treatment, while little attention has been given to improve the tissue‐MEA interactions from the medium side. Here, a strategy is introduced to augment MEA measurements by overlaying perfluorodecalin (PFD), a biocompatible fluorinated solvent, over neural tissues. Laying PFD over cerebral organoids insulates and compresses the tissues on MEA, which significantly enhances electrophysiological recordings. Even subtle signals such as the propagation of action potentials in bundled axons of motor nerve organoids can be detected with the technique. Moreover, PFD stabilizes tissues in acute recordings and its transparency allows optogenetic manipulations. This research highlights the potential of PFD as a tool for refining electrophysiological measurements of in vitro neuronal cultures. This can open new avenues to leverage precision of neuroscientific investigations and expanding the toolkit for in vitro studies of neural function and connectivity.
The sp Hybridization of Tin Single Atoms for Dendrite‐Free Sodium Metal Batteries
Authors: Li Yaguang , Li Yuejiao , Lu Jianmin , Wen Pengchao , Zhang Liqiang , Jiang Qike , Shi Haodong , Meng Caixia , Sun Junwei , Guo Yunna , Wang Yi , Yao Yu , Qian Shangshu , Yu Yan , Lu Jun , Bao Xinhe , Wu Zhong‐Shuai 
Published: January 2025

AbstractRestricting the growth of sodium (Na) dendrites at the atomic level is the premise to enable both the stability and safety of sodium metal batteries (SMBs). Here, the universal synthesis of the fourth main group element (Sn, Ge, Pb) as single metal atoms anchored on graphene (Sn, Ge, Pb SAs/G) with sp hybridization for dendrite‐free sodium metal anode is reported. The in situ real‐time observation of Na growth on Sn SAs/G uncoils a kinetically uniform planar deposition at the atomic level for substantially suppressing the dendrite growth. The symmetrical Sn SAs/G‐Na battery exhibits high Coulombic efficiency of 99.8% for 200 cycles, long‐term cyclability with 600 h at 4 mA cm−2, and ultralow overpotential of 40 mV at 8 mA cm−2. Further, the full batteries Na3V2(PO4)3||Sn SAs/G‐Na show unprecedented rate capability of 67 mAh g−1 at 20 C and a capacity retention as high as 91% after 500 cycles. The theoretical calculations of Na deposition on different M SAs/G (M═Sn, Ni, Zn, Fe, Co) reveal that the 5s
25p
2 electron configuration of Sn SAs/G realizes the planar deposition mechanism of Na clusters along the graphene plane. Therefore, this work provides an atom‐level accurate miniaturization strategy for constructing dendrite‐free SMBs.
Modeling and Simulation of AlPN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistor
Authors: Hamza Husna , Jarndal Anwar 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAlPN is a relatively new semiconductor alloy capable of providing high two‐dimensional electron gas Two‐Dimensional Electron Gas (2DEG) densities on the order of 1013 cm−2 at a heterojunction interface with GaN. The phosphorus molar fraction can be adjusted to achieve lattice‐matched AlPN/GaN heterojunctions with strong spontaneous polarization. This consequently induces more electrons at the interface, resulting in lower sheet resistance compared to an AlGaN/GaN heterojunction, making AlPN an optimal barrier in high electron mobility transistors High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMTs). In this work, an AlPN/GaN HEMT is simulated and compared with a corresponding AlGaN/GaN HEMT. The AlPN/GaN HEMT exhibits a maximum drain current density of 1.85 A/mm, which is double that of the AlGaN/GaN HEMT, enabling this device to achieve higher power densities at high frequencies. The AlPN/GaN HEMT shows a peak transconductance of 0.293 S/mm, more than three times higher than that of the AlGaN/GaN HEMT, which can be exploited for sensor applications, as the sensitivity of the HEMT is directly proportional to the transconductance. Furthermore, the AlPN/GaN HEMT attained a lower noise figure than the AlGaN/GaN HEMT, which is crucial for low‐noise amplifier design. Therefore, it is beneficial to improve the fabrication and growth techniques of AlPN devices for stable production.
Elucidating the Potential of Nonlinear Optical Behavior of Azo Dyes for Advanced Laser‐Based Technologies
Authors: Mustafa Muhammad Naeem , Hussain Fakhar , Hussain Muzammil , Hussain Riaz , Ayub Khurshid , Muhammad Shabbir , Khan Muhammad Usman , Ehsan Mudssra , Adnan Muhammad 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOrganic nonlinear optical materials have received immense attention owing to their extensive applications in optoelectronics and photonics. Nonlinear optical (NLO) materials are significant components of data processing devices, optical computing, optical fibers, modulators, sensors, ultra‐fast switches, and optical storage devices. Therefore, an effort is made to explore the electronic and NLO response of commercially available azo dyes such as Tartrazine (E102), Yellow 2G (E107), Sunset Yellow (E110), Azorubine (E122), Amaranth (E123), Ponceau 4R (E124), and Allura Red (E129) using density functional theory. Frontier molecular orbital analysis reveals that the azo dyes’ energy gap (EH‐L) ranges from 5.30 to 6.88 eV. E122 contains the narrowest bandgap of 5.30 eV compared to others. The total density‐of‐state and noncovalent interactions analyses confirm the charge transfer and type of interactions in various regions of the azo dyes. Molecular electrostatic potential maps reveal that the azo dyes are involved in significant charge distribution regions favourable for the enhancement of NLO response. Moreover, the highest first hyperpolarizability (βo3ggn
) value of 4184.87 au is also observed for E122, making it a better candidate for high‐performance NLO material than others. Therefore, these results may advance the development of NLO materials for efficient laser‐based technologies.
Patient Factors Influence Minimal Clinically Important Difference for the SNOT‐22 in Medically Treated Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Aboueisha Mohamed A. , Fernández‐Penny Felix E. , Hodges Jacob , Perez Hector A. , Lehmann Ashton E. , Humphreys Ian M. , Abuzeid Waleed M. , Jafari Aria 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe present study explores the effect of sociodemographics and comorbidities on the calculated minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for 22‐item Sinonasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22) scores in patients with medically treated chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The importance of delineating a threshold to indicate clinically meaningful changes perceived by a patient is well acknowledged, yet the influence of patient‐specific factors on MCID has not been fully elucidated.MethodsPatients with CRS (n = 221) presenting to a tertiary care practice reported their change in disease burden with anchor questions following CRS‐directed medical treatment. Baseline sociodemographics, pertinent history, and comorbid conditions, as well as pre‐ and post‐treatment SNOT‐22 scores were also collected. Adjusted logistic regression was utilized to determine the factors influencing MCID.ResultsAmong the 221 patients, 43.9% (n = 97) reported improvement following medical treatment. Gender, education level, depression, and migraine were identified as significant factors influencing perceived improvement. Our predictive model, incorporating these variables, achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.818 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.762, 0.875), with a sensitivity of 74.4% and specificity of 77.9%. Changes in SNOT‐22 scores were not strongly associated with perceived improvement in patients with depression (odds ratio [OR] = 1.06; 95% CI = 0.98, 1.14; p = 0.140). Conversely, patients with migraines perceived more pronounced improvements or deteriorations at the extremes of SNOT‐22 score changes (OR = 0.84; 95% CI = 0.76, 0.93; p = 0.001).ConclusionOur findings underscore the substantial impact of patient‐specific sociodemographics and comorbidities on the calculation of MCID values for the SNOT‐22. This study advances our understanding of variability in MCID and demonstrates the complex milieu of factors affecting patients’ perceived clinical outcomes.
Dual 3D Structural Bi2WO6@Graphene Hydrogel Composites Modified Molecularly Imprinted Polymers: Application for Sensitive Photoelectrochemical Sensing of 4‐Nitrophenol in PM2.5
Authors: Yu Liangyun , Li Jiajun , Zhang Jingjing , Chen Xue , Yuan Meng , Zhang Qi , Xu Baocai , Yao Zhiliang , Xu Qin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe accurate measurement of nitrophenols (NPs) in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is critical because NPs are identified as the main constituents of brown carbon in PM2.5, which influence the global radiative forcing and regional climate. Herein, we presented a specific and ultrasensitive photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor (MIPs/Bi2WO6@GH/ITO) for 4‐nitrophenol (4NP) detection by electrodepositing molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) polypyrrole on indium tin oxide coated glass (ITO) electrode modified with dual 3D structural Bi2WO6@graphene hydrogel (GH) composites. The composites were successfully synthesized through the simple one‐step hydrothermal method with 3D flower‐like Bi2WO6 efficiently distributed on the 3D porous networks of GH. Under optimum conditions, the PEC sensor exhibited a wide linear range of 5.0 × 10−12–1.0 × 10−7 M for 4NP with a low detection limit of 5.78 × 10−13 M. MIPs/Bi2WO6@GH/ITO was further successfully applied for 4NP assay in PM2.5. The results indicated that the developed PEC sensor had broad applications for NPs detection in the environmental fields.
Decent Work in the Digital Context: Scale Development and Validation
Authors: Saragih Susanti , Ginting Henndy , Tjakraatmadja Jann Hidajat , Pratama Andika Putra 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe increasing prevalence of digital technology has reshaped higher education and influenced lecturers' perceptions and experiences of their work. Traditional measures of decent work often fail to capture the unique challenges and opportunities offered by digital contexts. This study aimed to address this gap by developing and validating a new scale to measure perceived decent work (PDW) in the digital age. The initial phase of the study involved a comprehensive investigation of 175 lecturers' perceptions of decent work, which led to the identification of six key dimensions. The second study expanded the scope to include 234 employees from various industries, further validating the scale's reliability and applicability. This study makes a valuable contribution to the field by providing a robust tool for assessing PDW at the individual level. These findings have profound implications for both academic research and practical applications, enabling a deeper understanding of the impact of digital technologies on work experiences and informing strategies to promote decent work in an evolving digital landscape.
Repurposing of Metformin to Improve Survival Outcomes in Patients With Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma
Authors: Lee Hsiang Ying , Lin Po‐Hung , Pang See‐Tong , Fang Jen‐Kai , Tsai Chung‐You , Tsai Yao‐Chou , Chen Yung‐Tai , Chen Wei‐Chieh , Yeh Hsin‐Chih , Li Wei‐Ming 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPurposeUpper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) presents a higher incidence rate in Taiwan compared to Western societies. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential of metformin in improving survival outcomes for patients with UTUC in Taiwan.Material and MethodsThis retrospective study included 940 patients with UTUC and type 2 diabetes from the Taiwan UTUC Collaboration Group, spanning 21 hospitals from July 1988 to September 2023. Patients were divided into two groups: those treated with metformin (n = 215) and those without metformin treatment (n = 725). Parameters analyzed included age, BMI, renal function, tumor grade and location, and pathological staging. Oncological outcomes measured were overall survival (OS), cancer‐specific survival (CSS), and bladder recurrence‐free survival (BRFS). Statistical analysis involved the use of Student's t‐test, Mann–Whitney test, Chi‐squared test, Fisher's exact test, and Cox proportional hazard regression.ResultsSignificant differences were observed between the two groups in BMI, preoperative creatinine, eGFR, tumor location, tumor laterality, tumor size, and pathological grade and T stage. Patients treated with metformin exhibited a lower risk of CSS (HR = 0.619; p = 0.018) and improved OS (HR = 0.713; p = 0.024), although no significant association was found with BRFS (HR = 1.034; p = 0.791). The protective effect of metformin on OS was particularly significant in patients with advanced T stage, metastasis, and high‐grade tumors.ConclusionThe study suggests that metformin use in UTUC patients with diabetes is associated with improved OS and CSS but not BRFS. The underlying mechanisms warrant further investigation. Repurposing metformin, a well‐established and safe drug, may develop new therapeutic strategies for UTUC.
Non‐destructive testing in civil engineering—A memorandum for teaching NDTCE at universities
Authors: Arndt Ralf W. , Grosse Christian U. , Niederleithinger Ernst , Mähner Dietmar , Taffe Alexander , Algernon Daniel 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis paper summarizes current developments and outlines essential teaching content in the field of non‐destructive testing in civil engineering for academic education at German‐speaking universities. This first memorandum on teaching and research in non‐destructive testing in civil engineering (NDT‐CE) at German‐speaking universities provides an overview of academic education and identifies focal points in teaching and important developments and topics in NDT‐CE research. Suggestions are given for the development and advancement of teaching curricula with regard to a comprehensive and sound professional education of students of civil engineering and related disciplines. In terms of content and form, the contribution deliberately borrows from the memorandum of university teachers in the adjacent subject “Building Materials” (Breit et al. Hochschullehrer‐Memorandum Werkstoffe im Bauwesen—universitäre Lehre und Forschung, Bauingenieur, 87, 72–80, 2012).
Boosting lignin‐based photocatalyst with photocorrosion resistance for efficient H2O2 production via hetero‐interfacial π‐π stacking channels
Authors: Xiao Xinyu , Wang Honghan , Wang Xing , Liu Chao , Han Ying , Zhai Shangru , Du Haishun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAs the most abundant renewable aromatic biopolymer resource on the Earth, lignin has become a cutting‐edge research hotspot in clean photocatalysis, thanks to the distinct highest occupied molecular‐orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular‐orbital energy levels driven by the major β‐O‐4 linked bonds. However, the complex spatial architecture of functional groups, represented by benzene rings in the 3D intertwined macromolecular chains of lignin, and the challenge of enhancing carrier separation efficiency remain persistent obstacles hindering the development of lignin‐based photocatalysts. Herein, a strategy of constructing lignin nanosphere‐graphene oxide heterointerfaces (EL‐GO) is proposed to comprehensively enhance the efficacy of functional groups and facilitate photoelectron migration modes. The recombination time of light‐excited photoelectrons is effectively prolonged by the π‐π interactions between the “Donor site” and “Acceptor site” functional regions, along with the directional migration of photoelectrons between EL and GO. The photocatalytic efficiency of H2O2 production using EL‐GO is significantly enhanced under the protective mechanism of GO. To assess its potential, a prospect estimation of EL‐GO in a lake containing various pollutants and metal ions was conducted, simulating real water conditions. This pioneering engineering effort aims to curb excessive consumption of fossil fuels and explore the green applications of lignin, thereby constructing a “carbon‐neutral” feedstock system.