bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-oxidized bare copper nanoparticles with surface excess electrons in air
Authors: Chung Kyungwha , Bang Joonho , Thacharon Athira , Song Hyun Yong , Kang Se Hwang , Jang Woo-Sung , Dhull Neha , Thapa Dinesh , Ajmal C. Muhammed , Song Bumsub , Lee Sung-Gyu , Wang Zhen , Jetybayeva Albina , Hong Seungbum , Lee Kyu Hyoung , Cho Eun Jin , Baik Seunghyun , Oh Sang Ho , Kim Young-Min , Lee Young Hee , Kim Seong-Gon , Kim Sung Wng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCopper (Cu) nanoparticles (NPs) have received extensive interest owing to their advantageous properties compared with their bulk counterparts. Although the natural oxidation of Cu NPs can be alleviated by passivating the surfaces with additional moieties, obtaining non-oxidized bare Cu NPs in air remains challenging. Here we report that bare Cu NPs with surface excess electrons retain their non-oxidized state over several months in ambient air. Cu NPs grown on an electride support with excellent electron transfer ability are encapsulated by the surface-accumulated excess electrons, exhibiting an ultralow work function of ~3.2 eV. Atomic-scale structural and chemical analyses confirm the absence of Cu oxide moiety at the outermost surface of air-exposed bare Cu NPs. Theoretical energetics clarify that the surface-accumulated excess electrons suppress the oxygen adsorption and consequently prohibit the infiltration of oxygen into the Cu lattice, provoking the endothermic reaction for oxidation process. Our results will further stimulate the practical use of metal NPs in versatile applications.
Safety and efficacy of a novel robotic transcranial doppler system in subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Clare Kevin , Stein Alan , Damodara Nitesh , Feldstein Eric , Alshammari Hussein , Ali Syed , Kurian Christeena , Rosenberg Jon , Bauerschmidt Andrew , Kaur Gurmeen , Santarelli Justin , Hamilton Robert , Mayer Stephan , Gandhi Chirag D. , Al-Mufti Fawaz 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDelayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) secondary to vasospasm is a determinate of outcomes following non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). SAH patients are monitored using transcranial doppler (TCD) to measure cerebral blood flow velocities (CBFv). However, the accuracy and precision of manually acquired TCD can be operator dependent. The NovaGuide robotic TCD system attempts to standardize acquisition. This investigation evaluated the safety and efficacy of the NovaGuide system in SAH patients in a Neuro ICU. We retrospectively identified 48 NovaGuide scans conducted on SAH patients. Mean and maximum middle cerebral artery (MCA) CBFv were obtained from the NovaGuide and the level of agreement between CBFv and computed tomography angiography (CTA) for vasospasm was determined. Safety of NovaGuide acquisition of CBFv was evaluated based on number of complications with central venous lines (CVL) and external ventricular drains (EVD). There was significant agreement between the NovaGuide and CTA (Cohen’s Kappa = 0.74) when maximum MCA CBFv ≥ 120 cm/s was the threshold for vasospasm. 27/48 scans were carried out with CVLs and EVDs present without negative outcomes. The lack of adverse events associated with EVDs/CVLs and the strong congruence between maximal MCA CBFv and CTA illustrates the diagnostic utility of the NovaGuide.
Early experience of laparoscopic resection and comparison with open surgery for gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumor: a multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Park Shin-Hoo , Lee Hyuk-Joon , Kim Min-Chan , Yook Jeong-Hwan , Sohn Tae-Sung , Hyung Woo-Jin , Ryu Seung-Wan , Kurokawa Yukinori , Kim Young-Woo , Han Sang-Uk , Kim Hyung-Ho , Park Do-Joong , Kim Wook , Lee Sang-Il , Cho Haruhiko , Cho Gyu-Seok , Kim Jin-Jo , Kim Ki-Han , Yoo Moon-Won , Yang Han-Kwang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe advantages of laparoscopic resection over open surgery in the treatment of gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) are not conclusive. This study aimed to evaluate the postoperative and oncologic outcome of laparoscopic resection for gastric GIST, compared to open surgery. We retrospectively reviewed the prospectively collected database of 1019 patients with gastric GIST after surgical resection at 13 Korean and 2 Japanese institutions. The surgical and oncologic outcomes were compared between laparoscopic and open group, through 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM). The laparoscopic group (N = 318) had a lower rate of overall complications (3.5% vs. 7.9%, P = 0.024) and wound complications (0.6% vs. 3.1%, P = 0.037), shorter hospitalization days (6.68 ± 4.99 vs. 8.79 ± 6.50, P < 0.001) than the open group (N = 318). The superiority of the laparoscopic approach was also demonstrated in patients with tumors larger than 5 cm, and at unfavorable locations. The recurrence-free survival was not different between the two groups, regardless of tumor size, locational favorableness, and risk classifications. Cox regression analysis revealed that tumor size larger than 5 cm, higher mitotic count, R1 resection, and tumor rupture during surgery were independent risk factors for recurrence. Laparoscopic surgery provides lower rates of complications and shorter hospitalizations for patients with gastric GIST than open surgery.
Increased physical activity improves gut microbiota composition and reduces short-chain fatty acid concentrations in older adults with insomnia
Authors: Magzal Faiga , Shochat Tamar , Haimov Iris , Tamir Snait , Asraf Kfir , Tuchner-Arieli Maya , Even Carmel , Agmon Maayan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPhysical activity (PA) can improve functional abilities, well-being, and independence in older adults with insomnia. Studies have shown that PA may be linked to changes in the gut microbiota composition and its metabolites’ concentrations. This association among older adults with insomnia, however, is yet to be determined. We explored the relationships between physical activity (PA) levels, gut microbiota composition, and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels in this population. Forty-nine community-dwelling adults with insomnia symptoms, aged 65 and older, participated in this study. Their average daily step-count and sleep continuity measures over a two-week period were calculated based on Actigraphic recordings. Each participant provided fecal samples for the microbiome and SCFA analyses, anthropometric measures, and information via questionnaires on medical history and food consumption. The gut microbiota composition and SCFA concentrations were determined by next-generation sequencing and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, respectively. Participants were divided into two groups (more and less active) according to their median step/day count. We compared the microbiota abundance and SCFA concentrations between groups and performed correlation analysis between gut microbiota abundances and study variables. Different microbiota taxa in each PA group and increased SCFAs in feces of less active individuals were found. Changes in step counts were positively or negatively associated with the relative abundance of 19 ASVs, 3 microorganisms at the family level, and 11 microorganisms at the genus level. Furthermore, significant associations were discovered among physical activity, gut microbiota, SCFAs, and sleep parameters. Our findings provide new insights on the relationship between PA, gut microbiota composition, and primary metabolites in older adults with insomnia.
Association of sedentary behaviour and physical activity with cardiometabolic health in Japanese adults
Authors: Kinoshita Keita , Ozato Naoki , Yamaguchi Tohru , Sudo Motoki , Yamashiro Yukari , Mori Kenta , Ishida Mizuri , Katsuragi Yoshihisa , Sasai Hiroyuki , Yasukawa Takuji , Murashita Koichi , Nakaji Shigeyuki , Ihara Kazushige 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAlthough the Asian population exhibits excessive sedentary behaviour and has a high susceptibility to metabolic syndrome (MetS), the nature of these associations remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association of sedentary time with cardiometabolic health and examine the association of reallocating sedentary time to light physical activity (LPA) or moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) on cardiometabolic health in Japanese adults. A cross-sectional study was performed using data obtained from 758 Japanese adults. We assessed sedentary time, LPA, and MVPA using an accelerometer. Linear and logistic regression models were used to analyse the association between sedentary time and cardiometabolic risk factors. An isotemporal substitution model was used to estimate the theoretical influence of reallocating sedentary time to LPA or MVPA. A longer sedentary time was associated with worse cardiometabolic health, including MetS. Reallocating 30 min of sedentary time to LPA was significantly associated with lower body mass index, visceral fat, insulin resistance, triglyceride, and MetS levels and increased muscle mass and HDL-C (all P < 0.05). Reallocating 30 min of sedentary time to MVPA was strongly associated with the aforementioned factors. These results demonstrate the potential beneficial effects of reallocating sedentary time to LPA and MVPA on cardiometabolic health of Asians.
Improved device efficiency and lifetime of perovskite light-emitting diodes by size-controlled polyvinylpyrrolidone-capped gold nanoparticles with dipole formation
Authors: Lee Chang Min , Choi Dong Hyun , Islam Amjad , Kim Dong Hyun , Kim Tae Wook , Jeong Geon-Woo , Cho Hyun Woo , Park Min Jae , Shah Syed Hamad Ullah , Chae Hyung Ju , Kim Kyoung-Ho , Sujak Muhammad , Lee Jae Woo , Kim Donghyun , Kim Chul Hoon , Lee Hyun Jae , Bae Tae-Sung , Yu Seung Min , Jin Jong Sung , Kang Yong-Cheol , Park Juyun , Song Myungkwan , Kim Chang-Su , Shin Sung Tae , Ryu Seung Yoon 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHerein, an unprecedented report is presented on the incorporation of size-dependent gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) capping into a conventional hole transport layer, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). The hole transport layer blocks ion-diffusion/migration in methylammonium-lead-bromide (MAPbBr3)-based perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) as a modified interlayer. The PVP-capped 90 nm AuNP device exhibited a seven-fold increase in efficiency (1.5%) as compared to the device without AuNPs (0.22%), where the device lifetime was also improved by 17-fold. This advancement is ascribed to the far-field scattering of AuNPs, modified work function and carrier trapping/detrapping. The improvement in device lifetime is attributed to PVP-capping of AuNPs which prevents indium diffusion into the perovskite layer and surface ion migration into PEDOT:PSS through the formation of induced electric dipole. The results also indicate that using large AuNPs (> 90 nm) reduces exciton recombination because of the trapping of excess charge carriers due to the large surface area.
Aligned CuO nanowire array for a high performance visible light photodetector
Authors: Jo Min-Seung , Song Hyeon-Joo , Kim Beom-Jun , Shin Yoo-Kyum , Kim Sung-Ho , Tian Xu , Kim Sang-Min , Seo Min-Ho , Yoon Jun-Bo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRecently, copper oxide (CuO) has drawn much attention as a promising material in visible light photodetection with its advantages in ease of nanofabrication. CuO allows a variety of nanostructures to be explored to enhance the optoelectrical performance such as photogenerated carriers scattering and bandgap engineering. However, previous researches neglect in-depth analysis of CuO’s light interaction effects, restrictively using random orientation such as randomly arranged nanowires, single nanowires, and dispersed nanoparticles. Here, we demonstrate an ultra-high performance CuO visible light photodetector utilizing perfectly-aligned nanowire array structures. CuO nanowires with 300 nm-width critical dimension suppressed carrier transport in the dark state and enhanced the conversion of photons to carriers; additionally, the aligned arrangement of the nanowires with designed geometry improved the light absorption by means of the constructive interference effect. The proposed nanostructures provide advantages in terms of dark current, photocurrent, and response time, showing unprecedentedly high (state-of-the-art) optoelectronic performance, including high values of sensitivity (S = 172.21%), photo-responsivity (R = 16.03 A/W, λ = 535 nm), photo-detectivity (D* = 7.78 × 1011 Jones), rise/decay time (τr/τd = 0.31 s/1.21 s).
Lamina-associated polypeptide 2α is required for intranuclear MRTF-A activity
Authors: Sidorenko Ekaterina , Sokolova Maria , Pennanen Antti P. , Kyheröinen Salla , Posern Guido , Foisner Roland , Vartiainen Maria K. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMyocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A), a coactivator of serum response factor (SRF), regulates the expression of many cytoskeletal genes in response to cytoplasmic and nuclear actin dynamics. Here we describe a novel mechanism to regulate MRTF-A activity within the nucleus by showing that lamina-associated polypeptide 2α (Lap2α), the nucleoplasmic isoform of Lap2, is a direct binding partner of MRTF-A, and required for the efficient expression of MRTF-A/SRF target genes. Mechanistically, Lap2α is not required for MRTF-A nuclear localization, unlike most other MRTF-A regulators, but is required for efficient recruitment of MRTF-A to its target genes. This regulatory step takes place prior to MRTF-A chromatin binding, because Lap2α neither interacts with, nor specifically influences active histone marks on MRTF-A/SRF target genes. Phenotypically, Lap2α is required for serum-induced cell migration, and deregulated MRTF-A activity may also contribute to muscle and proliferation phenotypes associated with loss of Lap2α. Our studies therefore add another regulatory layer to the control of MRTF-A-SRF-mediated gene expression, and broaden the role of Lap2α in transcriptional regulation.
Moderation effect of mammography screening among women with multiple chronic conditions
Authors: Hsieh Hui-Min , Shen Cheng-Ting , Chen Ling-Sui , Chen Fang-Ming , Yeh Shu-Chuan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractComorbidity substantially affects breast cancer risk and prognosis. However, women with chronic conditions are less likely to participate in mammography screening. Few studies have examined potential benefits of mammography in women with chronic conditions. This study investigated the moderation effects of mammography screening on early stage breast cancer and all-cause mortality among women aged 50–69 years with chronic conditions in Taiwan. We used a matched cohort design with four nationwide population databases, and an exact matching approach to match groups with different chronic conditions. Women population aged 50–69 years in 2010 in Taiwan were studied. A generic Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) measure was used to identify chronic illness burden. The sample sizes of each paired matched group with CCI scores of 0, 1, 2, or 3+ were 170,979 using a 1-to-1 exact matching. Conditional logistic regressions with interaction terms were used to test moderation effect, and adjusted predicted probabilities and marginal effects to quantify average and incremental chronic conditions associated with outcome measures. Statistical analyses were conducted in 2020–2021. Women with more chronic conditions were less likely to participate in mammography screening or to receive early breast cancer diagnoses, but were at greater risk of mortality. However, mammography participation increased the likelihood of early breast cancer diagnosis (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.36–1.60) and decreased risk of all-cause mortality (HR 0.53, 95% CI 0.51–0.55). The interaction terms of CCI and mammography participation indicated significantly increased benefits of early breast cancer diagnosis and decreased risk of all-cause mortality as chronic illness increased. Mammography participation significantly moderated the link between comorbidity and outcome measures among women with chronic conditions. Hence, it is important for public health policy to promote mammography participation for women with multiple chronic conditions.
Anxiety levels moderate the association between visual acuity and health-related quality of life in chronic eye disease patients
Authors: Senra Hugo , Hernandez-Moreno Laura , Moreno Natacha , Macedo António Filipe 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe current study examines the potential moderating effect of depression and anxiety on the relationship between visual acuity and health-related quality of life in patients with chronic eye diseases. Of the 71 patients, 37 (52%) were female and 34 (48%) were male, age (mean ± SD) was 69 ± 12 years. A significant multivariate regression model was found for patients’ health-related quality of life (EQ-5D-5L index) (R2 = 0.43, p < 0.001), in which visual acuity (logMAR) (p < 0.001), anxiety (HADS-A) (p = 0.007), and age of diagnosis (p = 0.04) were independently associated with health-related quality of life (EQ-5D-5L). The moderation model for anxiety (R2 = 0.47, F = 5.91, p < 0.001) revealed a significant interaction of visual acuity and levels of anxiety in relation to health-related quality of life. Conditional effects analysis suggested that higher logMAR values (which indicate more vision loss) were associated with lower EQ-5D-5L index (indicating worse health-related quality of life), this relationship being stronger (even more negative), when levels of anxiety are high. Clinical and rehabilitation services providing care for chronic eye disease patients should include regular checks for patients’ levels of anxiety, even in patients who still have preserved visual acuity, to help preventing a synergistic source of long-term poor quality of life and disability.
Towards real-world neuroscience using mobile EEG and augmented reality
Authors: Krugliak Alexandra , Clarke Alex 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOur visual environment impacts multiple aspects of cognition including perception, attention and memory, yet most studies traditionally remove or control the external environment. As a result, we have a limited understanding of neurocognitive processes beyond the controlled lab environment. Here, we aim to study neural processes in real-world environments, while also maintaining a degree of control over perception. To achieve this, we combined mobile EEG (mEEG) and augmented reality (AR), which allows us to place virtual objects into the real world. We validated this AR and mEEG approach using a well-characterised cognitive response—the face inversion effect. Participants viewed upright and inverted faces in three EEG tasks (1) a lab-based computer task, (2) walking through an indoor environment while seeing face photographs, and (3) walking through an indoor environment while seeing virtual faces. We find greater low frequency EEG activity for inverted compared to upright faces in all experimental tasks, demonstrating that cognitively relevant signals can be extracted from mEEG and AR paradigms. This was established in both an epoch-based analysis aligned to face events, and a GLM-based approach that incorporates continuous EEG signals and face perception states. Together, this research helps pave the way to exploring neurocognitive processes in real-world environments while maintaining experimental control using AR.
Research on joint optimization model and algorithm of multi‐area generation and reserve with considering its availability
Authors: Xu Dan , Liang Fang , Cheng Qian , Zhou Jingyang , Tang Junjie 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe reserve sharing amongst the interconnected power systems will facilitate the improvements on their anti‐disturbance capability and operating economy. Based on the design of reserve sharing mechanism across different areas, a multi‐area generation‐reserve sharing model is constructed. The stochastic fluctuation of load and wind power will cause the power grid to be in an unpredictable random state when the reserve is needed, and the transmission capacity constraint of the power grid may restrict the effective deployment of the reserve. To address these issues, a max‐min bi‐level optimization model is proposed to check the reserve availability. The joint generation and reserve optimization sub‐model, together with the reserve check sub‐model, constitutes the two‐stage robust optimization model in this paper. The column‐and‐constraint generation (C&CG), algorithm is adopted to solve the proposed model. The modified IEEE 118‐node test case is used to verify the proposed model and algorithm. The test results indicate that the proposed method can realize the multi‐area generation‐reserve joint optimization under the condition of guaranteeing the reserve availability, and it possesses the advantage of high efficiency in dealing with stochastic scenarios.
Editorial
Authors: Gutenbrunner Christoph , Gaulke Ralph 
Published: February 2022

Liebe Leserinnen und Leser,Hilfsmittel und technische Hilfen sind seit jeher fester Bestandteil der Therapie und
Rehabilitation rheumatischer Erkrankungen. Sie sind als körpernahe Hilfen
für den Gelenkschutz und die Führung von Bewegungen, aber auch zur
Kompensation ausgefallener Funktionen wichtig. Hilfsmittel können auch zur
Verbesserung von Aktivitäten und Teilhabe beitragen, z. B. im Sinne
adaptierter Gerätschaften und Werkzeuge bis hin zur spezifisch-ergonomischen
Gestaltung der häuslichen und Arbeitsplatzumgebung. Eine zentrale Rolle
haben vor allem auch die unterschiedlichen Mobilitätshilfen.
Changing Pattern of Opioid Users Attending an Opioid Agonist Treatment Clinic in North India
Authors: Bhat Fazle R. , Rather Yasir H. , Rasool Ubaid 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objectives Illicit opioid use is a major concern across the globe due to its adverse health consequences. Pharmacological intervention is regarded as the cornerstone of management of opioid dependence and the Opioid Agonist Treatment (OAT) is the most effective intervention for this chronic relapsing disorder. Since the pattern of use of illicit substances, like opioids, changes with the course of time, we studied the profile of patients registered in an OAT clinic of a tertiary care center in North India over last 8 years.

Methods Retrospective chart review of patients registered in the OAT clinic was done. Comparisons were made among two periods (2012–2015 and 2016–2019).

Results Total number of opioid dependent patients registered in OAT clinic has increased from 139 in 2012 to 2015 to 309 in 2016 to 2019. Mean age at the first use of opioids has reduced significantly from 20.2 (± 2.7) years in 2012 to 2015 to 18.3 (± 3.2) years in 2016 to 2019 (p = 0.02). Parenteral route continues to remain as the dominant mode of use of opioids, though it has increased from 80.6 to 99% of users. There has been increased use of heroin over these years (12.2% in 2012–2015 to 72.5% in 2016–19) with concomitant decrease of pentazocine use (69.1–17.5%), respectively.

Conclusion The changing demographic and opioid use pattern in the last couple of years among patients attending OAT clinic should alert the policy makers, so that an integrated approach is put into action for effective prevention and management of opioid use disorders.