bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Promoting physical activity via physical therapist following knee replacement: A pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Pellegrini Christine A. , Brown Debbie , DeVivo Katherine E. , Lee Jungwha , Wilcox Sara 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundOutpatient physical therapy may be an opportune time to promote aerobic physical activity after knee replacement; however, it is unknown if it is feasible to integrate a physical activity intervention within standard physical therapy.ObjectiveTo examine the feasibility and acceptability of a physical activity intervention delivered within outpatient physical therapy for adults after knee replacement.MethodsAs part of a cluster randomized trial, adults with knee replacement starting outpatient physical therapy were recruited across four physical therapy sites. Sites were randomized and physical therapists delivered either an enhanced physical activity intervention or a control condition. The enhanced physical activity intervention consisted of standard postoperative physical therapy plus goal setting, problem‐solving, and use of motivational interviewing techniques to promote 150 minutes/week of aerobic moderate intensity physical activity. The control group received standard postoperative physical therapy only. Feasibility and acceptability were determined based on recruitment and retention rates at 12 weeks after surgery. Outcomes including objectively measured physical activity, pain, and self‐reported function were examined at the baseline postoperative visit and 12 weeks later.ResultsThirty‐three percent of candidates screened were randomized (n = 45) and retention at 12 weeks after surgery was 91% (no difference by condition). Moderate‐intensity activity increased, pain decreased, and self‐reported function improved, but there were no statistically significant group differences between baseline and 12 weeks.ConclusionImplementing a physical activity intervention within outpatient physical therapy for adults after knee replacement is feasible; however, in this pilot study, changes were not observed in moderate intensity physical activity as compared to standard postoperative physical therapy. Future studies are needed to explore additional low‐cost strategies and the optimal time to promote physical activity after knee replacement.
Treatment preference changes after exposure to treatment in adults with chronic low back pain
Authors: Lanier Vanessa M. , Lohse Keith R. , Hooker Quenten L. , Francois Sara J. , van Dillen Linda R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatients' pretreatment preferences can influence outcomes of nonpharmacologic treatments for musculoskeletal pain. Less is known about how patients' treatment preferences change following exposure to treatment.ObjectiveTo examine the effect of exposure to treatment and change in disability and pain on treatment preference ratings of two exercise‐based treatments for people with chronic low back pain (LBP).DesignSecondary analysis of a subsample of participants from a randomized clinical trial.SettingAcademic research setting.ParticipantsIndividuals with chronic LBP (n = 83).Interventions6 weekly sessions of motor skill training (MST) or strength and flexibility exercise (SFE).Main Outcome MeasuresPrior to treatment, participants completed a treatment preference assessment measure (TPA) describing MST and SFE. Participants rated four attributes (effectiveness, acceptability/logicality, suitability/appropriateness, convenience) of each treatment on a 5‐point Likert scale (0–4) with higher scores indicating higher ratings. An overall preference rating was calculated as the mean of the attribute ratings. The TPA was administered 12 months post treatment to reassess participants' ratings of the treatment they received.ResultsParticipants who received MST rated their preference for MST higher 12 months post treatment and participants who received SFE rated their preference for SFE lower. Smaller improvements (to worsening) in pain were associated with a reduction in preference ratings in the SFE group, whereas the MST group generally increased their ratings regardless of pain. Changes in disability were not related to changes in preference ratings.ConclusionsParticipants changed their preference ratings of two exercise‐based treatments for LBP after exposure to the treatment. Participants who received the less familiar MST viewed this treatment more favorably 12 months post treatment, and this change was less contingent on changes in disability/pain than for participants in the SFE group. Assessing preference ratings at various times during treatment is crucial to understand a person's preference for and perceptions of a treatment.
The traditional Chinese patented medicine Qingke Pingchuan granules alleviate acute lung injury by regenerating club cells
Authors: Wu Yuanyuan , Zhu Wensi , Rouzi Ainiwaer , Tong Lin , Han Linxiao , Song Juan , Ding Jianwen , Yan Yu , Li Miao , Pan Ting , Liu Jie , Wang Qin , Song Yuanlin , Shen Jie , Zhou Jian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractQingke Pingchuan granules (QKPCG), a patented traditional Chinese medicine, clinically, are recommended for acute tracheobronchitis, cough, community‐acquired pneumonia, and other respiratory diseases. However, its potential protective effect and mechanism of action in acute lung injury (ALI) have not been explored. We aimed to explore the mechanisms underlying the protective role of QKPCG in ALI. The therapeutic efficacy of QKPCG was investigated in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced ALI mouse model. Mice were divided into three groups, namely, the Control, LPS, and LPS + QKPCG groups. Mice in the LPS + QKPCG group were administered QKPCG intragastrically as a treatment once a day for a total of three days. QKPCG effectively increased survival and reduced lung injury in treated mice. It significantly reduced the LPS‐induced expression of interleukin (IL)‐6, tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), IL‐1α, and IL‐1β. RNA‐sequencing followed by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction validation suggested a critical role of the secretoglobin family 1A member 1 (Scgb1a1) gene in mediating the protective effect of QKPCG. Further, QKPCG reversed the LPS‐induced downregulation of the Clara cell 10 kDa protein (CC10), a pulmonary surfactant protein encoded by Scgb1a1, which is mainly secreted by club cells in the lungs. Exogenous supplementation of CC10 alleviated LPS‐induced ALI. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay results further confirmed the anti‐inflammatory properties of CC10, which were suggested as mediated via the inhibition of NFκB phosphorylation. In summary, our study provides evidence of the beneficial role of QKPCG in alleviating lung injury, mediated via the decreased disruption of club cells and higher expression of CC10, which leads to NFκB pathway inhibition.
Isolated hypoaldosteronism managed by DOCP in a dog with chronic kidney disease and hypercortisolism
Authors: Park Su‐Min , An Ju‐Hyun , Kim Na‐Hyeong , Oh Ye‐In , Seo Kyoung‐won , Youn Hwa‐Young 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA 13‐year‐old spayed female Schnauzer dog with chronic kidney disease (CKD; International Renal Interest Society stage 2, non‐proteinuric, normotensive), diabetes mellitus, hypercortisolism and myxomatous mitral valve degeneration (American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine stage B2) presented with electrolyte imbalance that had progressed to hyperkalaemia and hyponatremia, with a sodium to potassium (Na:K) ratio of 19.6. Cortisol levels after the adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation test were within the therapeutic range, but aldosterone levels were below the reference range; hence, isolated hypoaldosteronism was diagnosed. After administration of deoxycorticosterone pivalate (DOCP), the electrolyte imbalance improved with a Na:K ratio of 27.7. This is the first report of the management of isolated hypoaldosteronism and hypercortisolism using trilostane and DOCP in a dog. This case highlights the importance of recognizing isolated hypoaldosteronism after long‐term treatment with trilostane in a canine patient with CKD.
Vision Zero in Lithuania
Authors: Žuraulis Vidas , Pumputis Vidmantas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis chapter covers statistical data and initiatives related to the challenges and achievements of road safety in Lithuania. After providing an overview and an evaluation of previous programs to improve road safety in Lithuania, we discuss a selection of various improvements and assessment of safe traffic measures and their efficiency through relevant information from research and statistical data analysis. Priorities to achieve safer behavior of road users, safer streets and roads, safer vehicles, safer rail transport, and higher survival rates after accidents are discussed in more detail. The country-specific issues of pedestrian fatalities in dark hours, intensive land transportation due to geographical location, and accidents related to railway level crossings are also presented.
Characteristics of Risk
Authors: Kleinn Jan , Aller Dörte , Oplatka Matthias 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRisk, as opposed to the physical hazard, always involves consequences like damages or losses. Risk is a concept which is difficult to grasp, partly because it cannot be directly measured. Furthermore, risk cannot be summarized in only a single number. Nevertheless, risk has to be characterized for a number of applications, ranging from risk assessment to risk communication, stakeholder involvement, and discussions on the level of acceptable risk.The authors are providing an approach to characterize risk. These risk characteristics are the result of practical applications in natural hazard risk management. With these characteristics, risk can be used as a basis for decisions regarding the level of acceptable risk or for the appraisal of risk reduction measures, including the characterization of uncertainties in current or future risk.
On the dynamics in the AdS/BCFT correspondence
Authors: Suzuki Yu-ki , Terashima Seiji 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We consider a perturbation of the Einstein gravity with the Neumann boundary condition, which is regarded as an end of the world brane (ETW brane) of the AdS/BCFT correspondence, in the AdSd+1 spacetime with d ≥ 3. We obtain the mode expansion of the perturbations explicitly for the tensionless ETW brane case.We also show that the energy-momentum tensor in a d-dimensional BCFT should satisfy nontrivial constraints other than the ones for the boundary conformal symmetry if the BCFT can couple to a d-dimensional gravity with a specific boundary condition, which can be the Neumann or the conformally Dirichlet boundary conditions. We find these constraints are indeed satisfied for the free scalar BCFT. For the BCFT in the AdS/BCFT, we find that the BCFT can couple to the gravity with the Neumann boundary condition for the tensionless brane, but the BCFT can couple to the gravity with the conformally Dirichlet boundary condition for the nonzero tension brane by using holographic relations.
Unruh quantum Otto engine in the presence of a reflecting boundary
Authors: Mukherjee Arnab , Gangopadhyay Sunandan , Majumdar A. S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We introduce a new model of relativistic quantum analogue of the classical Otto engine in the presence of a perfectly reflecting boundary. A single qubit acts as the working substance interacting with a massless quantum scalar field, with the boundary obeying the Dirichlet condition. The quantum vacuum serves as a thermal bath through the Unruh effect. We observe that the response function of the qubit gets significantly modified by the presence of the reflecting boundary. From the structure of the correlation function, we find that three different cases emerge, namely, the intermediate boundary regime, the near boundary regime, and the far boundary regime. As expected, the correlation in the far boundary regime approaches that of the Unruh quantum Otto engine (UQOE) when the reflecting boundary goes to infinity. The effect of the reflecting boundary is manifested through the reduction of the critical excitation probability of the qubit and the work output of the engine. Inspite of the reduced work output, the efficiency of the engine remains unaltered even in the presence of the boundary.
Entanglement harvesting from conformal vacuums between two Unruh-DeWitt detectors moving along null paths
Authors: Barman Subhajit , Barman Dipankar , Majhi Bibhas Ranjan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
It is well-known that the (1 + 1) dimensional Schwarzschild and spatially flat FLRW spacetimes are conformally flat. This work examines entanglement harvesting from the conformal field vacuums in these spacetimes between two Unruh-DeWitt detectors, moving along outgoing null trajectories. In (1 + 1) dimensional Schwarzschild spacetime, we considered the Boulware and Unruh vacuums for our investigations. In this analysis, one observes that while entanglement harvesting is possible in (1+1) dimensional Schwarzschild and (1 + 3) dimensional de Sitter spacetimes, it is not possible in the (1 + 1) dimensional de Sitter background for the same set of parameters when the detectors move along the same outgoing null trajectory. The qualitative results from the Boulware and the Unruh vacuums are alike. Furthermore, we observed that the concurrence depends on the distance d between the two null paths of the detectors periodically, and depending on the parameter values, there could be entanglement harvesting shadow points or regions. We also observe that the mutual information does not depend on d in (1 + 1) dimensional Schwarzschild and de Sitter spacetimes but periodically depends on it in (1 + 3) dimensional de Sitter background. We also provide elucidation on the origin of the harvested entanglement.
Machine Learning Algorithms for Predicting Surgical Outcomes after Colorectal Surgery: A Systematic Review
Authors: Bektaş Mustafa , Tuynman Jurriaan B. , Costa Pereira Jaime , Burchell George L. , van der Peet Donald L. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundMachine learning (ML) has been introduced in various fields of healthcare. In colorectal surgery, the role of ML has yet to be reported. In this systematic review, an overview of machine learning models predicting surgical outcomes after colorectal surgery is provided.MethodsDatabases PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Web of Science were searched for studies using machine learning models for patients undergoing colorectal surgery. To be eligible for inclusion, studies needed to apply machine learning models for patients undergoing colorectal surgery. Absence of machine learning or colorectal surgery or studies reporting on reviews, children, study abstracts were excluded. The Probast risk of bias tool was used to evaluate the methodological quality of machine learning models.ResultsA total of 1821 studies were analysed, resulting in the inclusion of 31 articles. A vast proportion of ML algorithms have been used to predict the course of disease and response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Radiomics have been applied most frequently, along with predictive accuracies up to 91%. However, most studies included a retrospective study design without external validation or calibration.ConclusionsMachine learning models have shown promising potential in predicting surgical outcomes after colorectal surgery. However, large‐scale data is warranted to bridge the gap between calibration and external validation. Clinical implementation is needed to demonstrate the contribution of ML within daily practice.
Single-peaked domains with designer uncertainty
Authors: Narayanan Aroon 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper studies single-peaked domains where the designer is uncertain about the underlying alignment according to which the domain is single-peaked. The underlying alignment is common knowledge amongst agents, but preferences are private knowledge. Thus, the state of the world has both a public and private element, with the designer uninformed of both. I first posit a relevant solution concept called implementation in mixed information equilibria, which requires Nash implementation in the public information and dominant strategy implementation in the private information given the public information. I then identify necessary and sufficient conditions for social choice rules (SCRs) to be implementable. The characterization is used to identify unanimous and anonymous implementable SCRs for different forms of designer uncertainty, which basically boils down to picking the right SCRs from the large class identified by Moulin (Public Choice 35(4):437–455, 1980), and hence this result can be seen as identifying which of Moulin’s SCRs are robust to designer uncertainty.
Intravenous ferric derisomaltose versus oral iron for persistent iron deficient pregnant women: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Hansen Rebecka , Sommer Veronika Markova , Pinborg Anja , Krebs Lone , Thomsen Lars Lykke , Moos Torben , Holm Charlotte 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To compare the efficacy of intravenous (IV) iron (ferric derisomaltose) with oral iron (ferrous fumarate) in women 14–21 weeks pregnant with persistent iron deficiency (ferritin < 30 µg/L).

Methods
In a single-centre, open-label, randomised controlled trial at a Danish hospital, women with persistent iron deficiency after routine oral iron treatment were allocated to receive 1000 mg IV iron (single-dose) or 100 mg elemental oral iron daily. Outcomes were assessed during an 18-week follow-up period. The primary endpoint was the proportion of non-anaemic (haemoglobin [Hb] ≥ 11 g/dL) women throughout follow-up. Other outcomes included changes in haematological parameters, patient-reported fatigue, and quality of life (QoL). Safety was assessed by recording adverse events.

Results
From July 2017 to February 2020, 100 women were randomised to IV iron and 101 to oral iron. Throughout follow-up, 91% of women were non-anaemic in the IV iron group compared with 73% in the oral iron group (18% difference [95% confidence interval 0.10–0.25]; p < 0.001). The mean Hb increase was significantly greater with IV iron versus oral iron at Weeks 6 (0.4 versus − 0.2 g/dL; p < 0.001), 12 (0.5 versus 0.1 g/dL; p < 0.001), and 18 (0.8 versus 0.5 g/dL; p = 0.01). Improvements in fatigue and QoL were greater with IV iron versus oral iron at Weeks 3 and 6. The incidence of treatment-related adverse events was comparable between treatment groups.

Conclusion
IV iron was superior in preventing anaemia compared with oral iron in pregnant women with persistent iron deficiency; biochemical superiority was accompanied by improved fatigue and QoL.

Clinical trial registration
European Clinical Trials Database: EudraCT no.: 2017-000776-29 (3 May 2017); ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03188445 (13 June 2017).
The trial protocol has been published: https://dx.doi.org/10.1186%2Fs13063-020-04637-z.
Severe maternal morbidity following stillbirth in Western Australia 2000–2015: a population-based study
Authors: Bailey Helen D. , Adane Akilew A. , White Scott W. , Farrant Brad M. , Shepherd Carrington C. J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
There is scant literature about the management of stillbirth and the subsequent risk of severe maternal morbidity (SMM). We aimed to assess the risk of SMM associated with stillbirths compared with live births and whether this differed by the presence of maternal comorbidities.

Methods
In this retrospective cohort study, we used a population-based dataset of all stillbirths and live births ≥ 20 weeks’ gestation in Western Australia between 2000 and 2015. SMM was identified using a published Australian composite for use with routinely collected hospital morbidity data. Maternal comorbidities were identified in the Hospital Morbidity Data Collection or the Midwives Notification System using a modified Australian chronic disease composite. Multivariable Poisson regression was used to estimate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for factors associated with SMM in analyses stratified by the presence of maternal comorbidities. Singleton and multiple pregnancies were examined separately.

Results
This study included 458,639 singleton births (2319 stillbirths and 456,320 live births). The adjusted RRs for SMM among stillbirths were 2.30 (95% CI 1.77, 3.00) for those without comorbidities and 4.80 (95% CI 4.11, 5.59) (Interaction P value < 0.0001) for those with comorbidities compared to live births without and with comorbidities, respectively.

Conclusion
In Western Australia between 2000 and 2015, mothers of stillbirths both with and without any maternal comorbidities had an increased risk of SMM compared with live births. Further investigation into why women who have had a stillbirth without any existing conditions or pregnancy complications develop SMM is warranted.
The association between day-to-day stress experiences and work–life interference among office workers in academia: an ecological momentary assessment study
Authors: Bolliger Larissa , Debra Gillian , Lukan Junoš , Peeters Rani , Colman Elena , Baele Ellen , Luštrek Mitja , De Bacquer Dirk , Clays Els 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
We investigated relations between day-to-day job demands, job control, job strain, social support at work, and day-to-day work–life interference among office workers in academia.

Methods
This study is based on a 15-working day data collection period using an Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) implemented in our self-developed STRAW smartphone application. We recruited office workers from two academic settings in Belgium and Slovenia. Participants were repeatedly asked to complete EMAs including work stressors and work interfering with personal life (WIPL) as well as personal life interfering with work (PLIW). We applied fixed-effect model testing with random intercepts to investigate within- and between-participant levels.

Results
We included 55 participants with 2261 analyzed observations in this study. Our data showed that researchers with a PhD reported higher WIPL compared to administrative and technical staff (β = 0.37, p < 0.05). We found significant positive associations between job demands (β = 0.53, p < 0.001), job control (β = 0.19, p < 0.01), and job strain (β = 0.61, p < 0.001) and WIPL. Furthermore, there was a significant interaction effect between job control and social support at work on WIPL (β = − 0.24, p < 0.05). Additionally, a significant negative association was found between job control and PLIW (β = − 0.20, p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Based on our EMA study, higher job demands and job strain were correlated with higher WIPL. Furthermore, we found associations going in opposite directions; higher job control was correlated with higher WIPL and lower PLIW. Higher job control leading to higher imbalance stands out as a novel result.