bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Torsion and the probability of inflation
Authors: Albertini Emma , Alexander Stephon , Herczeg Gabriel , Magueijo João 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We revisit the problem of the “probability of inflation” from the point of view of the Einstein-Cartan theory, where torsion can be present off-shell even in the absence of spinorial currents. An informal estimate suggests that the barrier for tunneling from “nothing” into a classical universe becomes thinner and lower, should torsion be present, even if only off-shell. We perform a detailed calculation that supports this informal estimate for the case of torsion eigenstates. Finally, we impose a quantum mechanical analog of the zero-torsion condition by restricting to states for which the expectation value of the torsion vanishes. An explicit family of such states is obtained by building wave-packets from linear superpositions of torsion eigenstates with Gaussian weights centered around zero torsion. The tunneling probability for these wave packets is maximized when the variance of the torsion goes to zero. Hence, by considering these wave-packets as the physical states, we recover a sensible model of quantum cosmology that incorporates quantum fluctuations in the torsion, despite the apparently unacceptable conclusions one draws from naïvely considering the tunneling probabilities for the torsion eigenstates.
Design of an arrangement of cubic magnets for a quasi-axisymmetric stellarator experiment
Authors: Hammond K.C. , Zhu C. , Corrigan K. , Gates D.A. , Lown R. , Mercurio R. , Qian T.M. , Zarnstorff M.C. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The usage of permanent magnets to shape the confining magnetic field of a stellarator has the potential to reduce or eliminate the need for non-planar coils. As a proof-of-concept for this idea, we have developed a procedure for designing an array of cubic permanent magnets that works in tandem with a set of toroidal-field (TF) coils to confine a stellarator plasma. All of the magnets in the design are constrained to have identical geometry and one of three polarization types in order to simplify fabrication while still producing sufficient field accuracy. We present some of the key steps leading to the design, including the geometric arrangement of the magnets around the device, the procedure for optimizing the polarizations according to the three allowable magnet types, and the choice of magnet types to be used. We apply these methods to design an array of rare-Earth permanent magnets that can be paired with a set of planar TF coils to confine a quasi-axisymmetric plasma with a toroidal magnetic field strength of about 0.5 T on axis.
Classical ground states of spin lattices
Authors: Schmidt Heinz-Jürgen , Richter Johannes 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We present a generalization of the Luttinger–Tisza–Lyons–Kaplan theory of classical ground states of Bravais lattices with Heisenberg coupling to non-Bravais lattices. It consists of adding certain Lagrange parameters to the diagonal of the Fourier transformed coupling matrix analogous to the theory of the general ground state problem already published. This approach is illustrated by an application to a modified honeycomb lattice, which has exclusive three-dimensional ground states as well as a classical spin-liquid ground state for different values of the two coupling constants. Another example, the modified square lattice, shows that we can also obtain so-called incommensurable ground states by our method.
Assessment Of Health Service Facility Ash Waste Based On Policy (Case Study Of Moewardi Hospital Surakarta)
Authors: Rachmawati Siti , Syafrudin Syafrudin , Budiyono Budiyono 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The thermal process is one of the processes used in the treatment of solid waste generated from the activities of health service facilities (hospitals, health centers, clinics). The risk in the incineration process is the ash produced, the ash produced contains hazardous and toxic compounds so management needs to be carried out according to Government Regulations Ministry of Health RI number 56 of year 2015 and Regulation of the Minister of Health No. 9 of 2019. The purpose of this study was to find out how to handle health service facilities’ waste ash following applicable standards and friendly to the environment. This research is qualitative descriptive research. The research was conducted at the Moewardi Hospital Installation section. Sources of data in this study came from primary and secondary data. Data collection techniques were carried out by collecting data through interviews with sanitation employees and incinerator operators, reviewing documents, and field observations. Waste that can be treated with an incinerator is waste generated in health service activities such as syringes, bottles/ampoules, infusion needles. Management of incinerator combustion ash is carried out based on applicable regulations. The utilization of incinerator ash needed to be an environmentally friendly and sustainable product.
Integrating fuzzy logic and house risk method for operational risk management in automotive industry
Authors: Puspitasari Nia Budi , Yuwono Muhammad Raihananda Ashafy 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Risk management is very important for all organizations and nowadays companies need to be aware of the risks that endanger their operational activities. The object of this research is a motorcycle component manufacturing company that has not yet fully identified its operational risks and designed risk management even though these risks affect the company’s performance. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify operational risks and design preventive actions. This study combines fuzzy logic with the house of risk (HOR) model which consists of two phases. The first phase determines the dominant risk agents and the second phase determines the effective actions to deal with them. From the results, there are 22 risk events and 28 risk agents with fifteen dominant risk agents such as human error, data misinformation, and others. Twelve preventive actions were also obtained, such as improving communication both internally and externally and others.
Review of Seepage Behaviour on Concrete Facing Rockfill Dam Based on FEM Simulation and Chemical Aspect
Authors: Pamungkas G , Putranto T T , Suharyanto  
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Concrete Facing Rockfill Dam (CFRD) is a popular type of dam for hydropower plant due to its relatively good stability than others. However, CFRD have a potential technical issue concerning seepage and leakage as it has a thin impermeable layer. In this study, dam stability against seepage was evaluated by finite element simulation. Concrete facing layer and dam foundation were assumed to undergo permeability coefficient (K) increasing within 3 stages and would be simulated within 15 scenarios. Furthermore, seepage chemistry analysis was conducted to evaluate seepage water interaction with the dam foundation. FEM simulation shows that increasing of permeability coefficient on concrete facing < 10-5 m/second tends to cause the exceedance of allowable seepage discharge (q-simulation > q-allowable). On other hand, the increase of permeability coefficient on the dam foundation tends to cause the dam failure against seepage force. According to seepage chemistry analysis, calcium ion Ca2+ concentration increase 1.8 times from 13.6 meq/L on 2019 sampling to 24.8 meq/L on 2020 sampling. The seepage chemistry analysis shows the sign of carbonate rock interaction as dam foundation with seepage water.
The Effect of Laptop Usage Behaviors on Eye Fatigue on Work-from-Home (WFH) Lecturers during The Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Wardani T L , Retnowati L , Fajariani R , Qadrijati I , Sumardiyono  , Rinawati S , Atmojo T B 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia has encouraged changes in society, especially in the aspect of education. Learning is conducted online and educators carry out activities from home. However, this has a negative impact on physical health, which may occur due to WFH behavior, which is Eye Fatigue. Laptop usage behavior depend on the size of the laptop, the duration and frequency of laptop usage, the visual distance, the position of the monitor and eye rest. This study intends to determine the effect of laptop usage behavior on Eye Fatigue. This study uses an observational design with a cross-sectional design. The sample of this study is 175 lecturers and use a simple random sampling technique. The used instruments are laptop usage behavior and visual fatigue index questionnaires distributed through Google Forms. Bivariate analysis was performed using the Somers’d correlation statistical test. The results show a significant level of laptop size with eye fatigue with a p-value = 0.005, while the other variables were not related. The behavior of using a laptop has affected eye fatigue especially because of the size of the laptop. They use standard laptop size and use laptop support when operating laptops.
A Review on Household Water End-Use Consumption to Mitigate the Urban Water Crisis: Insight from Various Cities in Indonesia
Authors: Azizah R N , Sinaga L F , Awfa D , Imami A D , Yanda R , Saraswati Z F , Putri Y , Setiawati E 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The present paper reviews the recent perspectives of end-use studies as a part of urban water crisis mitigation within the past decade in various regions in Indonesia. The paper integrates a critical review of water-end use consumption from five major islands in Indonesia. Comparative methods were used to determine the domestic water consumption behaviour from the collected data from 2013 to 2020. Furthermore, the collected data were classified into two major groups (i.e., regions on Java Island and regions on non-Java Island). At the end, this review reflected a different pattern between domestic water consumption in various socio-economic regions in Indonesia and expected to provide strategies that could be used to mitigate the urban water crisis in the future.
Waste Management Policy: A Study of Malang Waste Bank in Implementing The Green Economy Concept
Authors: Muljaningsih S , Indrawati N K , Asrofi D A Nur 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The problem of waste has become a concern almost all cities in Indonesia. Therefore, comprehensive waste management that is beneficial for the environment, economy, social, becomes an important issue. This is inseparable from the fact that population growth in Indonesia is correlated with the volume of waste. if this is allowed, it will threaten aspects of environmental sustainability. This study aims to evaluate the role of the Malang Waste Bank in implementing Law Number 18 of 2008 through Malang City Regional Regulation Number 10 of 2010 concerning waste management. The approach used in this research is a quantitative approach to the Malang Waste Bank (BSM) which is analyzed using descriptive and evaluative analysis based on the concept of the green economy. The results showed that the Malang Waste Bank has an important role in changing the mindset and behavior of people in Malang City regarding waste management. The implication of this research is the need to improve and optimize the role of the Malang Waste Bank in waste management activities to improve the welfare of the community in Malang.
The Effect of Allogenic Recharge on Multi-Temporal Water Quality Variations in the Pindul Cave Underground River, Gunungkidul
Authors: Tastian N F , Adji T N , Cahyadi A 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Pindul Cave Underground River is a source of water that is used for irrigation, fulfilling domestic needs, and also tourism. The source of water in the Pindul Cave Underground River comes from the surface river flow that enters the ponor (Allogenic Recharge) so that it affects the water quality in the Pindul Cave Underground River. The research was conducted with the aim of temporally analyzing the water quality in the Pindul Cave Underground River. River water samples were taken periodically for one year. Water quality was analyzed by comparing samples from laboratory and field tests with quality standards and hydrogeochemical analysis using triangle piper diagrams and rectangular piper diagrams. The results show that allogeneic affixes have an effect in the form of a relatively fast dilution process in the rainy season, thereby reducing the calcium value. This condition causes the water quality in the rainy season to be better than the dry season because the calcium level decreases and does not exceed the water quality standard. The results are corroborated by triangular and rectangular piper diagram analysis which shows that the water in the Pindul Cave Underground River is classified as calcium enrichment, unpolluted water.
Community based integrated sustainable waste management in Lerep tourism village
Authors: Damayanti Maya , Tyas Wido Prananing , Ningtyas Luluh Cahya Pangestu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The waste generated in tourist villages is not only from household activities but also from tourism activities. If not managed wisely, it can effect on health and the surrounding environment and are usually thrown away without a chance to return to the economy. The waste management system in the Lerep Tourism Village has started paying attention to the concept of sustainability and being integrated by empowering the community through BUMdes to achieve zero plastic. This article aims to explore the efforts of the community of this village in managing waste of tourism and domestic activities. This research applied a qualitative study by interviewing the key informants in this village, The villagers reduce the use of plastic in one of the tourist attractions, namely the rural culinary market by replacing plastic containers with leaf containers. Other efforts made such as early segregation of waste by residents from their respective homes, reducing burning waste, provision of 3R facility and waste banks to recycle waste become a more economical product. These efforts not only have an impact on quality environment, but also on the community’s economy where the results of waste banks are able to help people pay health insurance.
Effect of Glass Cover Thickness and Inclination Angle on Distillate Efficiency of Single-Stage Solar Still
Authors: Felicia  , Kusumadewi Riana Ayu , Winarni  , Hadisoebroto Rositayanti 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Solar desalination is one of many methods to separate excess salt from seawater. In this work, solar energy is applied because of its economical and environmental value. Additionally, solar energy is practical to use in the coastal region. To increase the distillate produced by the solar still, four variations of cover thickness and three variations of inclination angle are applied to the still. The cover thickness and inclination angle used in this work are 3 mm, 5 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm and 25°, 30°, 45°. The type of still that is used in this work is a rectangular-shaped single-stage solar still with an area of 0.8 m2. The desalination processes in this work were done from 09.00 until 16.00 and the data was collected every hour in the processes. The result of this work shows that the distillate efficiency produced by the solar still is 1.03% - 6.91%. The highest solar intensity is 1231.97 W/m2 and the lowest solar intensity is 101.03 W/m2. The most effective efficiency was obtained with the variation of 3 mm cover thickness and 25° inclination angle, while the lowest efficiency was obtained with the variation of 10 mm cover thickness and 30° inclination angle.
Selection of design criteria for the coagulation and flocculation unit in the cimanggis drinking water treatment plant
Authors: Putri Anggi Tasya Megawati , Kusumadewi Riana Ayu , Winarni  
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Coagulation and flocculation are essential components of drinking water treatment, because they provide a reliable process for treating water turbidity. This study aims to use design criteria that can be used to design Cimanggis Water Treatment Plant (WTP), so it can produce water that fulfills the Drinking Water Quality Standard No. 492 Year 2010 by the Health Minister of Republic of Indonesia. The Cimanggis WTP development design refers to the existing condition of Legong Konvensional 2 WTP, considering that the raw water quality of the Legong Konvensional 2 WTP is almost the same as the Cimanggis WTP. Determination of design criteria for Cimanggis WTP was carried out by literature study and evaluating the existing conditions of the Legong Konvensional 2 WTP. The evaluation of the Legong Konvensional 2 WTP is done by direct measurements of the plant dimensions. From the results of the data analysis, the design criteria that will be used for Cimanggis WTP, the G value is 393.78/sec for the coagulation unit; 40-10/sec for the flocculation unit, detention time (td) value is 112.5 seconds for the coagulation unit; 18.8 minutes for the flocculation unit, G.td value is 44,311 for the coagulation unit; 27,158 for the flocculation unit.
Addition of Local Microorganisms (MOL) Organic Waste as Compost Bioactivator
Authors: Sumiyati S , Priyambada I B , Zahra S A F , Pradhana D R , Haritsa R T , Rahman T , Haq M F Q , Harjanti A W P 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Waste is a crucial problem because it causes serious impacts in terms of social, economic, cultural, and environmental aspects. With the dominance of organic waste in the composition of waste in Indonesia, there is a potential to recycle organic waste into useful products, namely compost. Composting occurs naturally so it takes a long time and is slow, therefore bio activators such as local microorganisms (MOL) are needed that can accelerate the decomposition of organic waste. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the use of MOL on the quality of the compost. This research method is experimental with two treatments, the first treatment with the addition of MOL and the second treatment without MOL. The results showed that the quality of compost with the addition of MOL were temperature 30°C, pH 7.4, moisture content 47.01%, C/N ratio 9.55%, phosphate 0.208%, potassium 0.027%. Meanwhile, the quality of compost without the addition of MOL were temperature 31°C, pH 7, water content 63.49%, C/N ratio 10.54%, phosphate 0.080%, potassium 0.015%. Compost with the addition of MOL was better because it met the criteria set by SNI No. 19-7030-2004 compared to compost without MOL.
Utilization of magnetic silica as tofu wastewater treatment absorber (influence of mass and adsorption time)
Authors: Zaman Badrus , Hardyanti Nurandani , Purwono Purwono , Ivana Jane 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWastewater from tofu production generally has many pollutant parameters, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, turbidity, and total suspended solids (TSS). These pollutants can cause a decrease in oxygen levels and pollute water bodies. This study aims to determine changes in pH and removal efficiency of turbidity and TSS in tofu wastewater using the size of 80 mesh magnetic silica. The research used a laboratory-scale batch system with variations in the absorbent mass of 5 g, 7.5 g, and 10 g per 1 liter of tofu wastewater and adsorption times of 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes. The stirring speed used is 100 rpm, and the operating temperature is adjusted to the laboratory temperature. As a result, the TSS removal has the most effective results of 80%, with 7.5 g of magnetic silica added per liter of wastewater and 45 minutes of adsorption time with a TSS value of 90 mg/L. Meanwhile, the optimum turbidity removal was 82.52% with 7.5 g adsorbent and adsorption time of 15 minutes resulting in a turbidity value of 82.1 NTU. The resulting pH varies in the range of 3.28-4.27, depending on the mass of the adsorbent and the adsorption time.
Solidification/Stabilization of waste containing lead using flyash and bentonite
Authors: Simangunsong T L , Fransiscus Y , Prayitno M I , Pratama S W H 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this study, the Stabilization/Solidification was used to treat Pb as heavy metal waste using flyash and bentonite, as binder and mixing agent. Flyash and bentonite was mixed with the waste containing Pb and formed to cube called “mortar” with a size of 5x5x5 cm. The variations of flyash and bentonite were 100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, 50:50, 40:60, 30:70, 20:80, 10:90, and 0:100. Then the mortars had a curing time process for 7 days, 14 days, and 28 days. After curing time process, the products tested using a compressive strength test and TCLP test. Result of compressive strength test indicated that the optimum compressive strength value occurred in 100% fly ash composition with 28 days curing time. The estimation of compressive strength test was 3220 tons/m2. The result of the TCLP test showed the optimum TCLP test results occurred at 100% fly ash composition and the rate was 0,0338 mg/L Pb. The composition of fly ash and bentonite showed a significant effect on the compressive strength and TCLP test.
Food waste humification: a process analysis
Authors: Zaman B , Purwono P 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Food and Agricultural Organization estimates that roughly 1.3 billion kitchen trash are generated annually on a global scale. By using composting, we could convert our kitchen waste into a properly sanitized, humus-rich, relatively stable product that improves plant growth by conditioning soil Introduction. The main objective of this study is to conduct a review of fundamental of composting, humus, and enhanced humidification. Humus is created from degraded organic compound by the polymerization and condensation of organic components such polyphenols, reducing sugars, and amino acids. Humification can be increased through vermicomposting, the addition of biochar made from digestate, the addition of microbes to food waste compost, the addition of cow manure, multistage inoculation, solid state anaerobic digestion (SSAD), and composting hybrid processes.
The influence of drying time on pellet fuel moisture content
Authors: Pusparizkita Yustina M , Hidayatullah Alif F , Anwar Norrisal F , Junaidi  , Sudarno  
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Pellets are solid fuels made from biomass. This work was aimed at finding out the effect of drying time on the moisture content in sawdust-made pellets using a moisture analyzer. The pellet was divided into 4 groups and each group was experimented with up to 5 times, namely: non-drying pellet and drying pellet at 100°C for 10, 15 and 20 minutes after the pellet comes out of the pelletizing machine. The results showed that the water content of the pellet was 31% for the non-drying pellet and 22%; 21%; 15% for the drying time of 10, 15, and 20 minutes. The water content was still slightly higher than the specified standard.
Analysis of the application of injection wells in the Undip Tembalang campus area as an effort to reduce drainage flow loads
Authors: Sarminingsih A , Budihardjo M A , Damayanti N , Priyandoyo A P P , Salsabila N T 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Increased infrastructure development in the Undip Tembalang Campus Area causes an increase in the frequency of floods and inundation, as well as a decrease in groundwater availability Undip still uses groundwater wells as the primary source to meet clean water needs. One alternative to groundwater conservation is to inject rainwater using infiltration wells. The hydrology analysis was carried out using the EPA SWMM 5.2 software, while the hydraulic analysis was carried out by dredging the sediment along the channel. Calculation of planned infiltration wells is calculated according to SNI 03-2453-2002. The dimensions of this infiltration well are designed to be 1 m in diameter and 18 m deep. Based on the results of the analysis, it found that runoff in the Undip Campus Area was 66,467.97 litres/second. The calculation results show that the Undip Campus Area requires 1350 infiltration wells with a rainwater harvesting volume of 14148 m3. The total runoff that can be reduced using infiltration wells is 45,978.74 litres/second or 69% of the total runoff. This plan is hoped to be an alternative water source in the Undip Tembalang Campus Area.