bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Some Properties of the Exit Velocity Triangle of a Radial Compressor Impeller
Authors: Casey Michael , Robinson Christopher 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A diagram is described which demonstrates important aspects of the exit velocity triangle of a radial compressor impeller with no inlet swirl. Although this diagram is based on work dating back to 1941, it is not widely known in the radial compressor community. It aids the selection of the exit velocity triangle for impellers and gives significant insight into impeller-diffuser matching. It can be used to analyze performance maps from both experimental and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies. Important aspects made clear in the diagram are as follows: The degree of reaction and the de Haller number of the impeller are both determined primarily by the work coefficient, and both decrease as the work coefficient increases; the degree of reaction is also affected by the exit flow coefficient, and for typical backswept impeller designs, it remains nearly constant at off-design flow conditions; the inlet and exit velocity triangles can be shown in the same diagram to visualize the deceleration of the relative velocity along the casing streamline and of the meridional velocity across an impeller, together with the acceleration of the relative flow on the hub streamline; the slope of the impeller gas path work coefficient versus exit flow coefficient at off-design conditions can be added to the diagram and this provides a new approach to estimate the mean slip factor from a measured or calculated compressor performance map; the diagram can be used as a useful template to compare different impeller design styles and to explain why different impellers are needed for use with vaned and vaneless diffusers; and the absolute velocity at the diffuser inlet of a backswept impeller increases with a decrease in flowrate along the operating line, which is an important aid to compressor stability.
Rare Earth–Uranium–Thorium Mineralization in the Molybdenum Ores of the Buluktaevskoe Mo–W Deposit (Western Transbaikalia, Russia)
Authors: Damdinov B. B. , Damdinova L. B. , Tugutova S. Z. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract—
The Buluktaevskoe molybdenum–tungsten deposit is considered a close analog of W–Mo deposits within the large Dzhida orefield, in which the Pervomaiskoe molybdenum and Inkurskoe and Kholtosonskoe tungsten deposits are known. Fifteen ore minerals were identified in the molybdenum ores of the Buluktaevskoe deposit; in addition to molybdenite, they include sulfides (pyrite, galena, and chalcopyrite), tungstates (wolframite and scheelite), molybdates (powellite and wulfenite), and a relatively large number of minerals containing rare earth elements (REE), U, and Th (Th-bearing monazite, brannerite, thorite, and uraninite); among them are previously unknown minerals: fluorine-bearing thorium molybdate and minerals with compositions corresponding to rare mineral species, orthobrannerite and kobeite-(Y). Interrelations and specific chemical compositions of the uranium–thorium–rare earth element minerals are discussed. It was established that these minerals formed in the course of hydrothermal alteration processes, at the early (molybdenite) development stage of the Buluktaevskoe molybdenum–tungsten deposit.
Transcription Factors of the GLRs Family Are Involved in Cytokinin-Dependent Regulation of Plastid RNA Polymerase SCA3 Gene Expression during Deetiolation of Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Doroshenko A. S. , Malyukova A. M. , Danilova M. N. , Kuznetsov Vl. V. , Kusnetsov V. V. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLight-dependent transcription factors GLKs ofArabidopsis thalianaare involved in the anterograde regulation of chloroplast biogenesis during deetiolation: they regulate the expression of photosynthetic nuclear-encoded genes and also mediate the transcription of plastid genes. Chloroplast biogenesis is determined at the same time by light and by endogenous factors (phytohormones), among which cytokinins significantly accelerate the formation of photosynthetically active chloroplasts. In this work, it was shown thattrans-factors GLKs function as cytokinin-dependent regulators, mediating the positive cytokinin effect on the plastome expression through the activation of transcription of theSCA3nuclear gene encoding the plastid RNA polymerase RPOTp.
Identifying and understanding disease burden in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Christensen Katrine Risager , Ainsworth Mark Andrew , Skougaard Marie , Steenholdt Casper , Buhl Sine , Brynskov Jørn , Kristensen Lars Erik , Jørgensen Tanja Schjødt 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivePhysicians tend to focus on biomedical targets while little is known about issues important to patients. We aimed to identify critical concepts impacting patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).DesignWe performed a survey of patients with IBD in biologic therapy (n=172) and used a validated qualitative method called group concept mapping (GCM) in patient workshops. The survey included 13 questions on attitudes toward symptoms and issues related to IBD. In the eight workshops, patients (n=26) generated statements later clustered into concepts identifying issues impacting a patient’s life. Patients ranked the statements.ResultsIn the survey, patients’ mean age were 40 years (SD 13), 53% were women, and 38% had ulcerative colitis. They identified fatigue (57%) and stool frequency (46%) as the most critical symptoms impacting their daily lives regardless of disease activity. In the GCM workshops with Crohn’s disease (n=13) (median age 42 years (IQR 39–51) and 62% were women), 335 statements divided among 10 concepts were generated, and the three most important concepts were ‘Positive attitudes’, ‘Accept and recognition’, and ‘Sharing knowledge and experiences in life with Crohn’s disease’. In the workshops with ulcerative colitis (n=13) (median age 43 years (IQR 36–49) and 69% were women), 408 statements divided into 11 concepts were generated; the most important concepts were ‘Take responsibility and control over your life’, ‘Medication’, and ‘Everyday life with ulcerative colitis’.ConclusionFocusing solely on IBD symptoms, patients identified fatigue and stool frequency to impact daily life the most. However, when investigating the disease burden in a broader perspective beyond classic IBD symptoms, patients identified concepts with focus on emotional health to be most important.Trial registrationThe Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte approved the questionnaire and methodology (work-zone no: 18015429).
Antibiotic prescription using a digital decision support system: a register-based study of patients with hard-to-heal ulcers in Sweden
Authors: Wickström Hanna Linnea , Fagerström Cecilia , Öien Rut Frank , Anderberg Peter , Midlöv Patrik 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesTo investigate differences in antibiotic prescription for patients with hard-to-heal ulcers assessed using a digital decision support system (DDSS) compared with those assessed without using a DDSS. A further aim was to examine predictors for antibiotic prescription.DesignRegister-based study.SettingIn 2018–2019, healthcare staff in primary, community and specialist care in Sweden tested a DDSS that offers a mobile application for data and photograph transfer to a platform for multidisciplinary consultation and automatic transmission of data to the Registry of Ulcer Treatment (RUT). Register-based data from patients assessed and diagnosed using the DDSS combined with the RUT was compared with register-based data from patients whose assessments were merely registered in the RUT.ParticipantsA total of 117 patients assessed using the DDSS combined with the RUT (the study group) were compared with 1784 patients whose assessments were registered in the RUT without using the DDSS (the control group).Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe differences in antibiotic prescription were analysed using the Pearson’s χ2test. A logistic regression analysis was used to check for influencing factors on antibiotic prescription.ResultsPatients assessed using a DDSS in combination with the RUT had significantly lower antibiotic prescription than patients entered in the RUT without using the DDSS (8% vs 26%) (p=0.002) (only healed ulcers included). Predictors for antibiotic prescription were diabetes; long healing time; having an arterial, neuropathic or malignant ulcer.ConclusionsA DDSS with data and photograph transfer that enables multidisciplinary communication appears to be a suitable tool to reduce antibiotic prescription for patients with hard-to-heal ulcers.
Determinants of early initiation of breast feeding among mothers of children aged less than 24 months in Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Sako Sewunet , Gilano Girma , Tekabe Be'emnet , Abebe Sintayehu 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveThis study aims to assess the prevalence of early initiation of breast feeding (EIBF) and associated factors among mothers having children less than 2 years of age in Ethiopia.DesignCommunity-based cross-sectional study.SettingIn this analysis, data from 2019 Ethiopia Mini Demographic and Health Survey (EMDHS) was used. The survey included all the nine regional states and two city administrations of Ethiopia.ParticipantsWe extracted data of 2054 mothers who had last-born children and those mothers who ever breast fed or still breast feeding their children during the survey from the 2019 EMDHS datasets.Main outcome measuresWe performed a two-stage multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression to identify individual and community-level determinants of EIBF. In the final model, variables with a p-value less than 5% and an adjusted OR with a 95% CI were reported as statistically significant variables with EIBF.ResultThe prevalence of EIBF among mothers having children aged 0–23 months was 73.56% (95% CI: 71.65% to 75.47%). Women who delivered at a health facility (adjusted OR (AOR)=1.98; 95% CI: 1.39 to 2.79) and have children with birth order second–fourth (AOR=1.76; 95% CI: 1.24 to 2.49) were more likely to initiate early breast feeding than their counterparts. On the other hand, women who gave birth by caesarean section (AOR=0.21; 95% CI: 0.13 to 0.33), had multiple births (AOR=0.35; 95% CI: 0.13 to 0.92) and had postnatal check-up (AOR=0.62; 95% CI: 0.44 to 0.91) were less likely to practise EIBF as compared with their counterparts. Region of residence of women was also significantly associated with EIBF.ConclusionIn this study, the overall prevalence of EIBF was good. Place of delivery, mode of delivery, postnatal check-up, type of birth, birth order and region were factors significantly associated with EIBF. Therefore, government and stakeholders need to show commitment to improve access and utilisation of basic maternal health services to increase the practice of EIBF.
General practice perspective on the use of telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia using an Action Research approach: a qualitative study
Authors: Hardie Rae-Anne , Thomas Judith , Li Julie , Pearce Christopher , Georgiou A 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesTelehealth has emerged as a viable and safe mode of care delivery in Australia during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, electronic general practice data reveal differences in uptake and consultation mode, which we hypothesise may be due to potential barriers impacting on quality of care. We aimed to identify the benefits and barriers of telehealth use in general practice, using an ‘Action Research’ approach involving general practitioners (GPs) and general practice stakeholders.DesignQualitative focus group performed within a broader Action Research methodology.SettingA focus group was held in August 2021, with general practice participants from Victoria, Australia.ParticipantsThe study consisted of a purposive sample of 11 participants, including GPs (n=4), representatives from three primary health networks (n=4) and data custodian representatives (n=3) who were part of a project stakeholder group guided by an Action Research approach.MethodsSemistructured interview questions were used to guide focus group discussions via videoconference, which were recorded and transcribed verbatim for analysis. The transcript was analysed using an inductive thematic approach.ResultsEmerging themes included evolution of telehealth, barriers to telehealth (privacy, eligibility, technology, quality of care, sociodemographic and residential aged care barriers) and benefits of telehealth (practice, quality of care, sociodemographic and residential aged care benefits).ConclusionThe findings highlight a range of barriers to telehealth that impact general practice, but also provide justification for the continuation and development of telehealth. These results provide important context to support data-driven population-based findings on telehealth uptake. They also highlight areas of quality improvement for the enhancement of telehealth as a valuable tool for routine general practice patient care.
Calibrating a network meta-analysis of diabetes trials of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor analogues and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors to a representative routine population: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Butterly Elaine , Wei Lili , Adler Amanda I , Almazam Saleh A M , Alsallumi Khalid , Blackbourn Luke A K , Dias Sofia , Hanlon Peter , Hughes Katherine , Lewsey Jim , Lindsay Robert , McGurnaghan Stuart , Petrie John , Phillippo David , Sattar Naveed , Tomlinson Laurie A , Welton Nicky , Wild Sarah , McAllister David 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionParticipants in randomised controlled trials (trials) are generally younger and healthier than many individuals encountered in clinical practice. Consequently, the applicability of trial findings is often uncertain. To address this, results from trials can be calibrated to more representative data sources. In a network meta-analysis, using a novel approach which allows the inclusion of trials whether or not individual-level participant data (IPD) is available, we will calibrate trials for three drug classes (sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP1) receptor analogues and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors) to the Scottish diabetes register.Methods and analysisMedline and EMBASE databases, the US clinical trials registry (clinicaltrials.gov) and the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (chictr.org.cn) will be searched from 1 January 2002. Two independent reviewers will apply eligibility criteria to identify trials for inclusion. Included trials will be phase 3 or 4 trials of SGLT2 inhibitors, GLP1 receptor analogues or DPP4 inhibitors, with placebo or active comparators, in participants with type 2 diabetes, with at least one of glycaemic control, change in body weight or major adverse cardiovascular event as outcomes. Unregistered trials will be excluded.We have identified a target population from the population-based Scottish diabetes register. The chosen cohort comprises people in Scotland with type 2 diabetes who either (1) require further treatment due to poor glycaemic control where any of the three drug classes may be suitable, or (2) who have adequate glycaemic control but are already on one of the three drug classes of interest or insulin.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval for IPD use was obtained from the University of Glasgow MVLS College Ethics Committee (Project: 200160070). The Scottish diabetes register has approval from the Scottish A Research Ethics Committee (11/AL/0225) and operates with Public Benefit and Privacy Panel for Health and Social Care approval (1617-0147).PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020184174.
Prediction models for SIRS, sepsis and associated organ dysfunctions in paediatric intensive care: study protocol for a diagnostic test accuracy study
Authors: Böhnke Julia , Rübsamen Nicole , Mast Marcel , Rathert Henning ,   ELISE Study Group, Karch André , Jack Thomas , Wulff Antje 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionSystemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), sepsis and associated organ dysfunctions are life-threating conditions occurring at paediatric intensive care units (PICUs). Early recognition and treatment within the first hours of onset are critical. However, time pressure, lack of personnel resources, and the need for complex age-dependent diagnoses impede an accurate and timely diagnosis by PICU physicians. Data-driven prediction models integrated in clinical decision support systems (CDSS) could facilitate early recognition of disease onset.ObjectivesTo estimate the sensitivity and specificity of previously developed prediction models (index tests) for the detection of SIRS, sepsis and associated organ dysfunctions in critically ill children up to 12 hours before reference standard diagnosis is possible.Methods and analysisWe conduct a monocentre, prospective diagnostic test accuracy study. Clinicians in the PICU of the tertiary care centre Hannover Medical School, Germany, continuously screen and recruit patients until the adaptive sample size (originally intended sample size of 500 patients) is enrolled. Eligible are children (0–17 years, all sexes) who stay in the PICU for ≥12 hours and for whom an informed consent is given. All eligible patients are independently assessed for SIRS, sepsis and organ dysfunctions using corresponding predictive and knowledge-based CDSS models. The knowledge-based CDSS models serve as imperfect reference standards. The assessments are used to estimate the sensitivities and specificities of each predictive model using a clustered nonparametric approach (main analysis). Subgroup analyses (‘age groups’, ‘sex’ and ‘age groups by sex’) are predefined.Ethics and disseminationThis study obtained ethics approval from the Hannover Medical School Ethics Committee (No. 10188_BO_SK_2022). Results will be disseminated as peer-reviewed publications, at scientific conferences, and to patients in an appropriate dissemination approach.Trial registration numberThis study was registered with the German Clinical Trial Register (DRKS00029071) on 2022-05-23.Protocol version10188_BO_SK_2022_V.2.0–20220330_4_Studienprotokoll.
Impact of the Finnish Maternity Grant on infant mortality rates in the 20th century: a natural experimental study
Authors: McCabe Ronan , Katikireddi Srinivasa Vittal , Dundas Ruth , Gissler Mika , Craig Peter 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundBaby boxes provide goods to new parents and a space for infant sleeping. They were first introduced in Finland, and it has been argued that the policy helped reduce infant mortality. We evaluated the impact of the Finnish Maternity Grant (which includes the Finnish Baby Box) on infant mortality rates (IMRs) at the points of introduction (disadvantaged mothers only) in 1938 and universalisation in 1949.MethodsMaternity Grant introduction and universalisation were evaluated as distinct natural experimental events, using interrupted time series analysis. The outcome was IMR per 1000 live births. We analysed national data on all infants born in Finland between 1922 and 1975, estimating step and trend changes in the outcome following the point of intervention. Sensitivity analyses included truncating the pre-intervention period and a double break point model, incorporating terms for both introduction and universalisation.ResultsMaternity grant introduction in 1938 was associated with a step-change increase (β=14.59, 95% CI 4.30 to 24.89) in Finnish IMRs. Maternity grant universalisation in 1949 was associated with a step-change decrease (β=−14.35, 95% CI −20.94 to −7.76) in Finnish IMRs. Sensitivity analyses produced corresponding associations.ConclusionsWhile we observed changes in IMRs associated with Maternity Grant introduction and universalisation, these changes cannot be disentangled from the impact of the Second World War or other relevant policy developments on infant mortality. Consequently, the relationship between the Finnish Baby Box or comparable contemporary interventions and infant mortality remains unclear.
First-in-human study of an OX40 (ivuxolimab) and 4-1BB (utomilumab) agonistic antibody combination in patients with advanced solid tumors
Authors: Hamid Omid , Chiappori Alberto A , Thompson John A , Doi Toshihiko , Hu-Lieskovan Siwen , Eskens Ferry A L M , Ros Willeke , Diab Adi , Spano Jean-Philippe , Rizvi Naiyer A , Wasser Jeffrey S , Angevin Eric , Ott Patrick A , Forgie Alison , Yang Wenjing , Guo Cen , Chou Jeffrey , El-Khoueiry Anthony B 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundIvuxolimab (PF-04518600) and utomilumab (PF-05082566) are humanized agonistic IgG2 monoclonal antibodies against OX40 and 4-1BB, respectively. This first-in-human, multicenter, open-label, phase I, dose-escalation/dose-expansion study explored safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and antitumor activity of ivuxolimab+utomilumab in patients with advanced solid tumors.MethodsDose-escalation: patients with advanced bladder, gastric, or cervical cancer, melanoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, or non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who were unresponsive to available therapies, had no standard therapy available or declined standard therapy were enrolled into five dose cohorts: ivuxolimab (0.1–3 mg/kg every 2 weeks (Q2W)) intravenously plus utomilumab (20 or 100 mg every 4 weeks (Q4W)) intravenously. Dose-expansion: patients with melanoma (n=10) and NSCLC (n=20) who progressed on prior anti-programmed death receptor 1/programmed death ligand-1 and/or anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (melanoma) received ivuxolimab 30 mg Q2W intravenously plus utomilumab 20 mg Q4W intravenously. Adverse events (AEs) were graded per National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events V.4.03 and efficacy was assessed using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) V.1.1 and immune-related RECIST (irRECIST). Paired tumor biopsies and whole blood were collected to assess pharmacodynamic effects and immunophenotyping. Whole blood samples were collected longitudinally for immunophenotyping.ResultsDose-escalation: 57 patients were enrolled; 2 (3.5%) patients with melanoma (0.3 mg/kg+20 mg and 0.3 mg/kg+100 mg) achieved partial response (PR), 18 (31.6%) patients achieved stable disease (SD); the disease control rate (DCR) was 35.1% across all dose levels. Dose-expansion: 30 patients were enrolled; 1 patient with NSCLC achieved PR lasting >77 weeks. Seven of 10 patients with melanoma (70%) and 7 of 20 patients with NSCLC (35%) achieved SD: median (range) duration of SD was 18.9 (13.9–49.0) weeks for the melanoma cohort versus 24.1 (14.3–77.9+) weeks for the NSCLC cohort; DCR (NSCLC) was 40%. Grade 3–4 treatment-emergent AEs were reported in 28 (49.1%) patients versus 11 (36.7%) patients in dose-escalation and dose-expansion, respectively. There were no grade 5 AEs deemed attributable to treatment. Ivuxolimab area under the concentration–time curve increased in a dose-dependent manner at 0.3–3 mg/kg doses.ConclusionsIvuxolimab+utomilumab was found to be well tolerated and demonstrated preliminary antitumor activity in selected groups of patients.Trial registration numberNCT02315066.