bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gross tumor volume of adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction corresponding to cT and cN stages measured with computed tomography to quantitatively determine resectabiliy: A case control study
Authors: Li Ke-ying , Ou Jing , Zhou Hai-ying , Yu Zi-yi , Gao Dan , You Xin-yi , Zhang Xiao-ming , Li Rui , Chen Tian-wu 
Published: November 2022

PurposeTo determine whether gross tumor volume (GTV) of adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (AEG) corresponding to cT and cN stages measured on CT could help quantitatively determine resectability.Materials and methods343 consecutive patients with AEG, including 279 and 64 randomly enrolled in training cohort (TC) and validation cohort (VC), respectively, underwent preoperative contrast-enhanced CT. Univariate and multivariate analyses for TC were performed to determine factors associated with resectability. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were to determine if GTV corresponding to cT and cN stages could help determine resectability. For VC, Cohen’s Kappa tests were to assess performances of the ROC models.ResultscT stage, cN stage and GTV were independently associated with resectability of AEG with odds ratios of 4.715, 4.534 and 1.107, respectively. For differentiating resectable and unresectable AEG, ROC analyses showed that cutoff GTV of 32.77 cm3 in stage cT1-4N0-3 with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.901. Particularly, cutoffs of 27.67 and 32.77 cm3 in stages cT3 and cT4 obtained AUC values of 0.860 and 0.890, respectively; and cutoffs of 27.09, 33.32 and 37.39 cm3 in stages cN1, cN2 and cN3 obtained AUC values of 0.852, 0.821 and 0.902, respectively. In VC, Cohen’s Kappa tests verified that the ROC models had good performance in distinguishing between resectable and unresectable AEG (all Cohen’s K values &gt; 0.72).ConclusionsGTV, cT and cN stages could be independent determinants of resectability of AEG. And GTV corresponding to cT and cN stages can help quantitatively determine resectability.
Positive end expiratory pressure and respiratory system resistance between self-inflating bag and T-piece resuscitator in a cadaveric piglet lung model
Authors: Shah Dharmesh , Tracy Mark , Hinder Murray , Badawi Nadia 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionIn neonatal resuscitation, T-piece resuscitator (TPR) are used widely, but the evidence is limited for their use in infants born at term gestation. The aim of this study was to compare the delivered positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) and respiratory system resistance (Rrs) using TPR and self-inflating bag (SIB) in a cadaveric piglet model.MethodsCadaveric newborn piglets were tracheotomised, intubated (cuffed tube) and leak tested. Static lung compliance was measured. Positive pressure ventilation was applied by TPR and SIB in a randomized sequence with varying, inflations per minute (40, 60 and 80 min) and peak inspiratory pressures (18 and 30 cmH2O). PEEP was constant at 5 cmH2O. The lungs were washed with saline and static lung compliance was re-measured; ventilation sequences were repeated. Lung inflation data for the respiratory mechanics were measured using a respiratory function monitor and digitally recorded for both pre and post-lung wash inflation sequences. A paired sample t-test was used to compare the mean and standard deviation.ResultsThe mean difference in PEEP (TPR vs. SIB) was statistically significant at higher inflation rates of 60 and 80 bpm. At normal lung compliance, mean difference was 1.231 (p = 0.000) and 2.099 (p = 0.000) with PIP of 18 and 30 cmH2O respectively. Significantly higher Rrs were observed when using a TPR with higher inflation rates of 60 and 80 bpm at varying lung compliance.ConclusionTPR is associated with significantly higher PEEP in a compliant lung model, which is probably related to the resistance of the TPR circuit. The effect of inadvertent PEEP on lung mechanics and hemodynamics need to be examined in humans. Further studies are needed to assess devices used to provide PEEP (TPR, SIB with PEEP valve, Anaesthetic bag with flow valve) during resuscitation of the newborn.
Exercise-induced IL-15 acted as a positive prognostic implication and tumor-suppressed role in pan-cancer
Authors: Luo Zhiwen , He Zhong , Qin Haocheng , Chen Yisheng , Qi Beijie , Lin Jinrong , Sun Yaying , Sun Junming , Su Xiaoping , Long Ziwen , Chen Shiyi 
Published: November 2022

Objective: Exercise can produce a large number of cytokines that may benefit cancer patients, including Interleukin 15 (IL-15). IL-15 is a cytokine that has multiple functions in regulating the adaptive and innate immune systems and tumorigenesis of lung and breast cancers. However, the roles of IL-15 in other types of cancer remain unknown. In this article, we try to systematically analyze if IL-15 is a potential molecular biomarker for predicting patient prognosis in pan-cancer and its connection with anti-cancer effects of exercise.Methods: The expression of IL-15 was detected by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, Human protein Atlas (HPA), and Genotype Tissue-Expression (GTEX) database. Analysis of IL-15 genomic alterations and protein expression in human organic tissues was analyzed by the cBioPortal database and HPA. The correlations between IL-15 expression and survival outcomes, clinical features, immune-associated cell infiltration, and ferroptosis/cuproptosis were analyzed using the TCGA, ESTIMATE algorithm, and TIMER databases. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was performed to evaluate the biological functions of IL-15 in pan-cancer.Results: The differential analysis suggested that the level of IL-15 mRNA expression was significantly downregulated in 12 tumor types compared with normal tissues, which is similar to the protein expression in most cancer types. The high expression of IL-15 could predict the positive survival outcome of patients with LUAD (lung adenocarcinoma), COAD (colon adenocarcinoma), COADREAD (colon and rectum adenocarcinoma), ESCA (esophageal carcinoma), SKCM (skin cutaneous melanoma), UCS (uterine carcinosarcoma), and READ (rectum adenocarcinoma). Moreover, amplification was found to be the most frequent mutation type of IL-15 genomic. Furthermore, the expression of IL-15 was correlated to the infiltration levels of various immune-associated cells in pan-cancer assessed by the ESTIMATE algorithm and TIMER database. In addition, IL-15 is positively correlated with ferroptosis/cuproptosis-related genes (ACSL4 and LIPT1) in pan-cancer. Levels of IL-15 were reported to be elevated in humans for 10–120 min following an acute exercise. Therefore, we hypothesized that the better prognosis of pan-cancer patients with regular exercise may be achieved by regulating level of IL-15.Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that IL-15 is a potential molecular biomarker for predicting patient prognosis, immunoreaction, and ferroptosis/cuproptosis in pan-cancer and partly explained the anti-cancer effects of exercise.
Patients’ perception of the pharmacovigilance system: A pre-diagnostic and post-interventional cross-sectional survey
Authors: Rehman Atta Ur , Khalid Samina Naeem , Zakar Rubeena , Hani Ume , Zakria Zakar Muhammad , Fischer Florian 
Published: November 2022

Background and objective: The risk of adverse reactions necessitated the pharmacovigilance system for patient safety. A literature search documented better health literacy of patients through intervention. This investigation aims to assess the perception and the effect of an intervention on patients regarding adverse reactions caused by drugs.Methods: A pre-diagnostic and post-interventional cross-sectional investigation was designed with a sample size of 423 patients in hospitals of Islamabad. The proportion of patients was selected based on a stratified probability technique. A prevalidated tool was used to collect the response twice through a health promotion brochure with counseling, which was applied as an intervention.Results: The outcome of the investigation revealed that the prerequisite of the pharmacovigilance center in the hospital among respondents was improved significantly by 41.2% after intervention. Knowledge, communication, and practice were significantly different with respect to gender. There was a moderate Pearson correlation between diagnostic and interventional responses of patient’s knowledge of adverse reactions by drugs (r = 0.66, p &lt; 0.01) and patient’s communication in pharmacovigilance (r = 0.62, p &lt; 0.01) and a strong correlation between diagnostic and interventional responses of patient’s practice in the pharmacovigilance system (r = 0.72, p &lt; 0.01).Conclusion: The finding of the investigation provided evidence that patient awareness was significantly improved by the health promotion model. Patient participation in the reporting of adverse reactions of drugs will complement the hospital staff reporting. These reports will construct an authentic, cross-checked database for rational drug safety practices in Pakistan.
The machine learning model based on trajectory analysis of ribonucleic acid test results predicts the necessity of quarantine in recurrently positive patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Song Qi-Xiang , Jin Zhichao , Fang Weilin , Zhang Chenxu , Peng Chi , Chen Min , Zhuang Xu , Zhai Wei , Wang Jun , Cao Min , Wei Shun , Cai Xia , Pan Lei , Xu Qingrong , Zheng Junhua 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundSARS-CoV-2 patients re-experiencing positive nucleic acid test results after recovery is a concerning phenomenon. Current pandemic prevention strategy demands the quarantine of all recurrently positive patients. This study provided evidence on whether quarantine is required in those patients, and predictive algorithms to detect subjects with infectious possibility.MethodsThis observational study recruited recurrently positive patients who were admitted to our shelter hospital between May 12 and June 10, 2022. The demographic and epidemiologic data was collected, and nucleic acid tests were performed daily. virus isolation was done in randomly selected cases. The group-based trajectory model was developed based on the cycle threshold (Ct) value variations. Machine learning models were validated for prediction accuracy.ResultsAmong the 494 subjects, 72.04% were asymptomatic, and 23.08% had a Ct value under 30 at recurrence. Two trajectories were identified with either rapid (92.24%) or delayed (7.76%) recovery of Ct values. The latter had significantly higher incidence of comorbidities; lower Ct value at recurrence; more persistent cough; and more frequently reported close contacts infection compared with those recovered rapidly. However, negative virus isolation was reported in all selected samples. Our predictive model can efficiently discriminate those with delayed Ct value recovery and infectious potentials.ConclusionQuarantine seems to be unnecessary for the majority of re-positive patients who may have low transmission risks. Our predictive algorithm can screen out the suspiciously infectious individuals for quarantine. These findings may assist the enaction of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic prevention strategies regarding recurrently positive patients in the future.
Occupational stress and associated risk factors among 13,867 industrial workers in China
Authors: Yan Tenglong , Ji Fang , Bi Mingli , Wang Huining , Cui Xueting , Liu Baolong , Niu Dongsheng , Li Leilei , Lan Tian , Xie Tingting , Wu Jie , Li Jue , Ding Xiaowen 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveOccupational stress is a critical global public health problem. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of occupational stress among the workers in the electricity, heat, gas, water production and supply (EHGWPS), manufacturing, and transportation industries in Beijing, China. We explored the demographic differences in occupational stress status among workers in industrial enterprises.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted on 13,867 workers. The self-administered New Brief Job Stress Questionnaire was used to evaluate high occupational stress status, which includes four sub-dimensions (job stressors, stress response, social support, job stressors &amp; social support). Multiple regression and logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between high occupational stress and the four occupational stress sub-dimensions with risk factors.ResultsA total of 13,867 workers were included. The prevalence of high occupational stress was 3.3% in the EHGWPS industries, 10.3% in manufacturing, and 5.8% in transportation. The prevalence of high occupational stress was higher than in the other two categories (p &lt; 0.05) in manufacturing industries. Logistic regression analysis showed that male workers with lower educational status, more job experience, and working in manufacturing were vulnerable to high occupational stress. Further analysis of the four occupational stress sub-dimensions showed that male workers, older adult workers, workers with lower educational levels, and longer working time were associated with higher scores in job stressors, stress response, social support, and job stress &amp; social support (all p &lt; 0.05). Moreover, divorced or widowed workers had higher occupational stress scores.ConclusionMale workers with lower educational levels and longer working time may have an increased risk of occupational stress.
Self-reported visual impairment and depression of middle-aged and older adults: The chain-mediating effects of internet use and social participation
Authors: He Wenbo , Li Peiyi , Gao Yinyan , You Jiuhong , Chang Jiangeng , Qu Xing , Zhang Wei 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundVisual impairment (VI) is a strong predictor of depression in middle-aged and older adults. However, the underlying mechanisms and pathways have not been well characterized. The purpose of this study was to determine whether Internet use and social participation mediate the effects of self-reported VI on depression.MethodsThe study used the fourth wave of cross-sectional data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, including 19,766 Chinese adults. Depression was assessed according to the CES-D 10 International Scale. Logistic regression models were used to examine the relationship between self-reported VI and depression. While adjusting for relevant covariates, the PROCESS macro (model nos. 6 and 91) was used to assess the chain-mediating effects of Internet use and social participation.ResultsA total of 17,433 respondents were included in this study. The CES-D 10 results showed that 7,327 middle-aged and older adults had depressive symptoms, of whom 39.5% were male and 10.2% were ≥75 years old. 32.1% of respondents self-reported VI. Regression analysis showed a positive association between VI and depression, while Internet use and social participation had a negative predictive effect on depression. In the mediation analysis, the social participation pathway contributed the most to the total effect, accounting for 52.69% of it. The proportion of Internet use is 37.72%. When these two mediators were considered together in the full model, they accounted for 9.58% of the total effect of VI on depression.ConclusionInternet use and social participation were important mediators that mitigated the effects of VI on depression. Combined with previous evidence, online activities such as e-health and m-health can effectively promote disease monitoring and diagnosis, and various offline social participation activities can also play a role in regulating emotions. Therefore, Internet use and social participation factors may serve as relevant entry points for the development of intervention programs that may further improve the mental health of the visually impaired.
Implementing public involvement standards in cerebral palsy register research
Authors: Kerr Claire , McConnell Karen , Savage Helen , Acheson Monica 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundIn 2018, the National Institute for Health Research launched Draft Standards for Public Involvement in Research. The Northern Ireland Cerebral Palsy Register (NICPR) was competitively selected as a “test-bed” project to pilot the Draft Standards over a one-year period.AimThis perspective paper aims to describe the NICPR's experience of piloting the Draft Standards for Public Involvement in Research, highlighting successes and challenges.MethodThree of the six Draft Standards were piloted from April 2018 to April 2019: Standard 2 “working together”, Standard 4 “communications” and Standard 5, “impact”.ResultsImplementation of Standard 2 resulted in formation of a dedicated Public Involvement Group. Standard 4 was implemented by revision of the NICPR's Privacy Notice and development of the NICPR website. Standard 5 was not implemented during the test-bed pilot period.DiscussionBenefits of use of the Draft Standards in cerebral palsy register research included development of relationships, improving quality, accessibility and relevance of NICPR materials, increasing skills and confidence, networking opportunities, advocating for others and feeling empowered to shape cerebral palsy research. Challenges included administrative issues, absence of dedicated and sustained funding, limitations in the availability and applicability of public involvement training and the time required for meaningful public involvement.ConclusionsStandards for Public Involvement provide a useful framework for structuring and embedding meaningful public involvement. Sustained, authentic public involvement in cerebral palsy register research ensures that people affected by the condition are empowered to engage, inform, develop and lead research that meets their needs.
Complete Genome Expression Analysis of the Auxin Response Factor Gene Family in Sandalwood and Their Potential Roles in Drought Stress
Authors: Liu Xiaojing , Liu Yunshan , Wang Shengkun , Qin Fangcuo , Wang Dongli , Chen Yu , Hu Lipan , Meng Sen , Lu Junkun 
Published: November 2022

Auxin response factors (ARFs) are essential transcription factors in plants that play an irreplaceable role in controlling the expression of auxin response genes and participating in plant growth and stress. The ARF gene family has been found in Arabidopsis thaliana, apple (Malus domestica), poplar (Populus trichocarpa) and other plants with known whole genomes. However, S. album (Santalum album L.), has not been studied. In this study, we analyzed and screened the whole genome of S. album and obtained 18 S. album ARFs (SaARFs), which were distributed on eight chromosomes. Through the prediction of conserved domains, we found that 13 of the 18 SaARFs had three intact conserved domains, named DBD, MR, Phox and Bem1 (PB1), while the extra five SaARFs (SaARF3, SaARF10, SaARF12, SaARF15, SaARF17) had only two conserved domains, and the C-terminal PB1 domain was missing. By establishing a phylogenetic tree, 62 ARF genes in S. album, poplar and Arabidopsis were divided into four subgroups, named Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ. According to the results of collinearity analysis, we found that ten of the eighteen ARF genes were involved in five segmental duplication events and these genes had short distance intervals and high homology in the SaARF gene family. Finally, tissue-specific and drought-treatment expression of SaARF genes was observed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and six genes were significantly overexpressed in haustorium. Meanwhile we found SaARF5, SaARF10, and SaARF16 were significantly overexpressed under drought stress. These results provide a basis for further analysis of the related functions of the S. album ARF gene and its relationship with haustorium formation.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PEGAWAI PEMERINTAH DENGAN PERJANJIAN KERJA MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG APARATUR SIPIL NEGARA
Authors: Karina Aisyah Dinda 
Published: November 2022

Masalah perlindungan hukum merupakan sebuah hal yang krusial kaitannya dengan hubungan kerja dalam hal ini antara PPPK dengan Pemerintah. Hubungan tersebut timbul hak dan kewajiban dari para pihak yang perlu dipenuhi sehingga tercipta hubungan yang harmonis antara PPPK dengan Pemerintah. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan yuridis empiris dengan spesifikasi penelitian deskriptif analitis. Kemudian data dianalisis menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah perlindungan hukum terhadap PPPK menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 2014 Tentang Aparatur Sipil Negara belum dapat secara penuh diberikan. Terkait ketentuan yang mengatur tentang PPPK, maka dirasa belum memberikan perlindungan hukum secara penuh. Praktek perlindungan hukum terkait PPPK belum sesuai dan masih terdapat kelemahan-kelemahan yakni dalam pemberian perlindungan yang berupa jaminan-jaminan masih bersifat represif, perjanjian kerja yang merupakan dasar dari hubungan hukum antara Pegawai Pemerintah dengan Perjanjian Kerja (PPPK) sama sekali tidak diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 2014 tentang Aparatur Sipil Negara. Pengaturan secara ideal terkait perlindungan hukum PPPK setidaknya mencakup tiga jenis perlindungan kerja yaitu: perlindungan sosial; perlindungan teknis; perlindungan ekonomis. Kata Kunci: perlindungan hukum; pegawai pemerintah; perjanjian kerjaLEGAL PROTECTION OF GOVERNMENT OFFICERS WITH WORK AGREEMENTS ACCORDING TO STATE CIVIL SERVANTABSTRACT The issue of legal protection is a crucial thing related to work relations in this case between PPPK and the Government. The relationship arises the rights and obligations of the parties that need to be fulfilled so as to create a harmonious relationship between PPPK and the Government. The approach method used is an empirical juridical approach with descriptive analytical research specifications. Then the data were analyzed using qualitative descriptive methods. The results of this study are that legal protection against PPPK according to Law Number 5 of 2014 concerning the State Civil Apparatus has not been fully granted. Regarding the provisions governing PPPK, it is felt that it has not provided full legal protection. Legal protection practices related to first aid are not yet in line and there are still weaknesses, namely in the provision of protection in the form of guarantees that are still repressive, work agreements which are the basis of legal relations between Government Employees and Employment Agreements (PPPK) are not at all regulated in the Law. Law Number 5 Year 2014 concerning State Civil Apparatus. The ideal arrangement regarding first aid protection law includes at least three types of work protection, namely: social protection; technical protection; economic protection.Keywords: legal protection; government employees; work agreements
NOISE IMMUNITY, PROTECTION RATIOS AND OVERLOAD THRESHOLDS OF TV BROADCASTING SYSTEMS UNDER THE INTERFERENCE OF LTE-450 NETWORKS
Authors: Моченов А.А. 
Published: November 2022

Представлены результаты экспериментальных исследований по определению значений защитных отношений и порогов перегрузки систем ТВ-вещания стандартов DVB-T2 и K/SECAM для сценария помехового воздействия сигналов базовых станций подвижной службы стандарта LTE, работающих в диапазоне радиочастот 450–470 МГц. Исследованы характеристики помехоустойчивости телевизионных приемников. Предложен метод повышения помехоустойчивости телевизионных приемников при использовании диапазонного режекторного фильтра, обеспечивающего ослабление помехового сигнала базовой станции.
The article presents the results of experimental studies on the determination of protection ratios and overload thresholds for digital DVB-T2 and analogue K/SECAM TV broadcasting systems for the scenario of interference impact of signals of LTE base stations in the frequency range 450–470 MHz. The characteristics of noise immunity of television receivers are investigated. A method is proposed to increase the noise immunity of TV receivers when using a band pass filter that provides attenuation of the interference signal of the LTE base station.