bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Approaches for estimating mixing time in a water storage tank
Authors: Zhang Jie 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe mixing performance of a water storage tank is important to ensure good drinking water quality in a distribution system. A tracer study is a commonly used approach for mixing performance evaluation but has limitations, such as limited sampling points and inability to be applied to the full scale at design stage. In practice, mixing time is usually estimated by the tracer curve measured by a probe sensor in a physical tracer study. However, the probe tracer concentration curve can be affected by many factors in the tracer release approach (e.g., instantaneous pouring or quill injecting), such as pouring volume, vertical penetration, and injecting time, making the estimated mixing time inaccurate. Coefficient of variation (CoV) decay curve is an alternative for determining mixing time. In this study, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models were developed to study mixing in a cylindrical water tank. Mixing times were estimated from both probe tracer curve and CoV decay curve. Results show that the mixing time estimated from a probe tracer curve only represents local mixing, while that estimated from a CoV decay curve is a more appropriate index for global mixing, suggesting that the CoV decay curve should be used for mixing performance analysis in a water tank.
Alpha-solanine Anti-tumor Effects in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Through Regulating the Energy Metabolism Pathway
Authors: Zou Tao , Gu Li , Yang Liqiong , Wei Junsong , Zhao Yueshui , Shen Jing , Li Mingxing , Wu Xu , Du Fukuan , Chen Yu , Ye Yun , Xiao Zhangang , Wu Zhigui 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Lung cancer is a malignant tumor with a high incidence in China, especially
non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which is the main threat to human life, with terrible morbidity
and mortality. The research on the treatment and mechanism of NSCLC has been the forefront
and hotspot of research. Recent patents show that alpha-solanine (α-solanine) exhibits the
best anti-cancer activity, although its target and related mechanism remain to be elucidated.

Objective:
This study aims to explore the possible targets and mechanisms of α-solanine in the
treatment of NSCLC through network pharmacology and experimental verification.

Methods:
Network pharmacology was applied to screen the possible targets of α-solanine on NSCLC,
construct core networks, and perform GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis to predict
the mechanism of α-solanine against NSCLC. Experiments were implemented to verify the results
of network pharmacology in vitro. The A549 and PC-9 cells were exposed to α-solanine to assess
the anti-tumor effect. Cell apoptosis was determined by the Annexin-V/PI assay. Targeted energy
metabolomics was used to validate the network pharmacology results, and energy metabolism pathway-
related proteins were detected by immunofluorescence and western blot.

Results:
Network pharmacology showed that there were 130 potential targets of α-solanine and NSCLC.
GO, and KEGG analysis showed that the energy metabolism pathway is the main pathway
for α-solanine to exert anti-tumor effects on NSCLC. Experimental results showed that α-solanine
inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion and promoted cell apoptosis. At the same time, after
α-solanine treatment, the energy metabolism pathway-related proteins, including GPI, ALDOA,
TPI1, PKLR, LDHA, and ALDH3, were expressed reduced. In addition, α-solanine also affects the
amino acid metabolism of A549 and PC-9 cells.

Conclusion:
Based on a combination of network pharmacological prediction and experimental verification,
α-solanine may exert anti-NSCLC effects by regulating the energy metabolism pathway.
User Experiences With an SMS Text Messaging Program for Smoking Cessation: Qualitative Study
Authors: Budenz Alexandra , Coa Kisha , Grenen Emily , Keefe Brian , Sanders Amy , Wiseman Kara P , Roditis Maria 
Published: January 2022

Background
Mobile health strategies for smoking cessation (eg, SMS text messaging–based interventions) have been shown to be effective in helping smokers quit. However, further research is needed to better understand user experiences with these platforms.

Objective
This qualitative study aims to explore the experiences of real-world users of a publicly available smoking cessation program (SmokefreeTXT).

Methods
Semistructured phone interviews were conducted with 36 SmokefreeTXT users between March and July 2014. Of these 36 participants, 50% (18/36) of participants completed the SmokefreeTXT program (ie, did not opt out of the program before the 6- to 8-week completion period), and 50% (18/36) did not complete the program (ie, requested to opt out of the program before the completion period). Interview questions focused on smoking behaviors, quitting history, opinions on the program’s content and structure, answering assessment questions, using keywords, reasons for opting out, and perceived usefulness of the program for quitting smoking. A thematic content analysis was conducted, with a focus on themes to increase program engagement and optimization.

Results
The findings highlighted features of the program that participants found beneficial, as well as some elements that showed opportunities for improvement to boost program retention and successful cessation. Specifically, most participants found the SmokefreeTXT program to be convenient and supportive of cessation; however, some found the messages to be repetitive and reported a desire for more flexibility based on their readiness to quit and cessation progress. We also found that program completion did not necessarily indicate successful smoking cessation and that program opt out, which might be interpreted as a less positive outcome, may occur because of successful cessation. Finally, several participants reported using SmokefreeTXT together with other evidence-based cessation methods or non–evidence-based strategies.

Conclusions
Qualitative interviews with real-world SmokefreeTXT users showed high program acceptability, engagement with program features, and perceived utility for smoking cessation. Our findings directly informed several program updates, such as adding an adaptive quit date feature and offering supplemental information on live support services for users who prefer human interaction during the cessation process. The study has implications for other digital tobacco cessation interventions and highlights important topics that warrant future research, such as the relationship between program engagement (eg, opt out and retention) and successful cessation.
CLUSTERING LIRIK LAGU ROHANI MENGGUNAKAN METODE K-MEANS
Authors: Prasetio Kevin , Mawardi Viny Christanti 
Published: January 2022

In a spiritual worship, choosing the relevant song with theme is very important to reflection for the congregation in the service. In the fact, the people often having a difficult to choose some relevant songs because, they must see, search and read the song one by one. The problem is a motivation that it needs a searching system for the people. In the system, using a Vector Space Model after that the system does a clustering from the relevant songs using K-Means method. In the searching system, It is to search by unigram and bigram with the maximum keywords are six keywords. The system using NKB (Nyanyian Kidung Baru) as data which nuance of hymne. The Result of precision evaluation from the relevant documents using MAP (Mean Average Precision), was getting the searching with unigram is the good result than bigram with the percentages is 70.41%. While, the clustering evaluation, using purity with the some trials for k values, was getting k = 4 and unigram given the good result with the percentages is 76.88%.
Multiregionalizm: porażka czy sukces Światowej Organizacji Handlu?
Authors: Orłowska Renata , Żołądkiewicz Krystyna , Dorożyńska Agnieszka 
Published: January 2022

Przedmiot badań: Od lat w dyskusji ekonomicznej trawa debata, czy gospodarki powinny być bardziej skłonne do liberalizacji handlu na preferencyjnych zasadach regionalizmu handlowego, czy w oparciu o klauzulę najwyższego uprzywilejowania, promowany przez Światową Organizację Handlu (WTO). Współcześnie wszystkie kraje członkowskie WTO mają zawarte przynajmniej jed­no regionalne porozumienie handlowe (RTA). Przedmiotem badań są RTA, które z jednej strony wy­dają się konkurować z WTO, to z drugiej – mogą wspierać wielostronny system handlowy WTO.1
Cel badawczy: Celem artykułu jest ocena zmian obserwowanych w tworzeniu się regionalnych ugrupowań handlowych i ich wpływu na wielostronny system handlowy. Badania skupią się na analizie RTA i odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy RTA odgrywają wyłącznie pozytywną (teoria Haberle­ra), czy może także negatywną (teoria Vinera) rolę w wielostronnej liberalizacji handlu.
Metoda badawcza: Zastosowane metody badawcze obejmują przegląd literatury na­ukowej i raportów na temat regionalnych umów handlowych, statystyczną analizę da­nych ze źródeł wtórnych. Dokonano analizy zmian zachodzących w RTA pod względem ilościowym (liczba, dynamika), jakościowym (umowy dotyczące liberalizacji towarów i usług) i strukturalnym (zakres) na przestrzeni ostatnich dekad. Dane o RTA uzyskano z bazy danych WTO oraz danych UNCTAD.
Wyniki: Z przeprowadzonej analizy wynika, iż kraje należące do WTO są jednocześnie powią­zane odrębną preferencyjną umową z jednym, bądź kilkoma innymi krajami. Multilateralna za­sada KNU jest osłabiana poprzez głębsze preferencje w ramach RTA, przez co multilateralizm handlowy traci na znaczeniu. RTA rozwijają się w sposób, który wykracza poza istniejące zasady wielostronne.
Impact of Executive Compensation, CEO Compensation and Board Diversity on Organizational Performance with Moderating Effect of Systemic Factors
Authors: Malik Shoukat , Waheed Noorulain 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: Current research intended to probe the impact of executive compensation, CEO compensation and diversity on the organizational financial performance with the moderating role of systemic factors. Systemic factors are overall country based factors such as political, economic, social and legal factors that may moderate the relationship of executive compensation, CEO compensation, diversity and organizational performance.
Design/Methodology/Approach: To conduct study secondary data is collected from annual reports of domestic scheduled public sector banks of 2015-2020. Executive compensation, CEO compensation and board gender diversity are bootstrapped on organizational performance by using MS Excel and Stata17. Linear regression and moderated hierarchical regression analysis is used for data analysis.
Findings: Results shows that Executive compensation, CEO compensation and diversity has signification positive impact on organizational performance. Moreover systemic factors moderates the predictors and outcome relationship
Implications/Originality/Value: This paper explores the relationship of Executive & CEO compensation, board gender diversity and organizational performance with the moderating role of systemic factors, which has largely been ignored in the previous literature
Analysis on Obstacles to the Science Education Process
Authors: Kartini Cindy Dwi , Chastanti Ika , Harahap Dahrul Aman 
Published: January 2022

Numerous obstacles might arise throughout the process of science education. The obstacles in the science education process include a lack of concentration on the part of the students, a lack of understanding of the material, and the use of learning media. The aim of this study is to identify the obstacles to science education at the Private Vocational School of Al-Washliyah Silangkitang. Purposive sampling is used in this study. The researcher selects samples in accordance with the research goals, with the expectation that they address the researcher's concerns. The data analysis strategy was qualitative descriptive, utilizing the Miles and Huberman model. The results showed that the obstacles experienced during the science education learning process based on the highest percentage were indicators of the use of learning media by 69% and the students do not comprehend the teacher's information at 66.70%. The lowest percentage in the category of the students who are uninterested is 65.30% and students have difficulty concentrating in learning at 62.10%. In general, the results obtained from the questionnaire data show that the students' obstacles during the science education process have been on average 65.78%. Teachers and students stated that the difficulty in understanding science material was due to the lack of textbooks or handbooks. As a result, it requires an engaging learning environment and the availability of science textbooks
The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Vitamin K in Aging
Authors: Anber Zainab Nazar Hasan 
Published: January 2022

Vitamin K is a fundamental enzymatic co-factor implicated in the carboxylation of several vitamin K dependent proteins involved in the pathogenesis of certain age â€“ related diseases. Inflammation is realized as an important factor in such diseases. Vitamin K is recognized to play an anti-inflammatory behavior that is distinct of its action as an enzymatic co- factor by suppressing many signaling pathways mainly the nuclear factor ÎºB (NF-ÎºB) signal transduction pathway. As well as to play a role as an antioxidant versus the generation of reactive oxidative species (ROS). The purpose of this review is to focus on the protective function of vitamin K as an anti-inflammatory agent in these age- associated diseases. And the importance of vitamin K complement as a protective nutrient in aging.
Phytochemical Study with Evaluation the Antimicrobial Activity of Cressa cretica Plant Against Some Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria
Authors: Hamza Noor Hamid , AL- Obaedi Ashwak I. , AIjubory Ibrahim S. 
Published: January 2022

viruses are responsible for a large proportion of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs). Other causes of LRTIs are bacteria: Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus being the most common. Sputum samples are commonly used in the microbiological laboratory for diagnosing lower respiratory infections. Objective: The aim of this study to evaluate the causative bacteria and antibiotics sensitivity in culture of sputum samples. Patients Methods: A retrospective study performed in the microbiology department of Al Immamin Al Kahdimin Medical laboratory in Baghdad. The results of sputum cultures collected from the files between 2016 and 2019. A total number of 131 included in the study of adults and both sexes. Organisms were identified and tested for the antibiotic susceptibility did for selected cases which ordered by the doctor needed. Results: The number of 131 were enrolled. The age of patients was between 17-85 years with mean age 46.69. The higher incidence of patients between ages 51-60 years (21.4 %). The female were 40.5%, the male 59.5%. 65 (49.62%) patients from the medical ward, 50 (38.17) from respiratory care unit (RCU). Acinetobacter spp was the most common bacteria isolated, in forty four (33.59%) cases, which was resistant to most antibiotics. followed by Streptococcus pneumonia (22.90%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16.03%),Escherichia coli in eleven (8.40) cases, with variable antibiotics sensitivity and resistance. Conclusion: sputum culture and sensitivity may help in identifying the organism and choosing the antibiotic, which may be resistant to many drugs as in Acinetobacter spp.
Sistem Informasi Pemilihan Peserta Program Indonesia Pintar (PIP) Dengan Metode K-Nearest Neighbor pada SD Negeri Pejuang V Kota Bekasi
Authors: Prihatin Sandy Satyo , Atika Prima Dina , Herlawati Herlawati 
Published: January 2022

The selection of participants for the Smart Indonesia Program (PIP) is an activity to determine students who are eligible for assistance. This study aims to create an information system for the Selection of Participants for the Smart Indonesia Program (PIP) which will assist Administrative Staff and SD Negeri Pejuang V Bekasi City in determining eligible and ineligible participants for assistance. The method used in this information system uses the K-Nearest Neighbor algorithm. The K-Nearest Neighbor process is carried out by giving weight to the student data attributes and looking for the Euclidean distance, then sorted from the smallest distance, after sorting the student data then looking for the closest distance to the training data. The K-Nearest Neighbor algorithm in data training is very fast, simple, easy to learn, effective with large training data and is resistant to data containing incorrect or anomalous values. The results of this study obtained student data as many as 77 students, there are True Positive (TP) data of 5 data, False Positive (FN) of 7 data, True Negative (TN) of 65 data and False Negative (FP) of 0. Results The accuracy obtained is 90.90% with a value of k=10.

Keywords: Information System, K-Nearest Neighbor, KNN, Program Indonesia Pintar (PIP).

Abstrak

Pemilihan peserta Program Indonesia Pintar (PIP) merupakan kegiatan menentukan siswa yang layak untuk mendapatkan bantuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuat sistem informasi untuk Pemilihan Peserta Program Indonesia Pintar (PIP) yang akan membantu Staff Administrasi dan pihak SD Negeri Pejuang V Kota Bekasi dalam menentukan peserta yang layak dan tidak layak untuk mendapat bantuan. Metode yang digunakan pada sistem informasi ini menggunakan algoritma K-Nearest Neighbor. Proses K-Nearest Neighbor ini dilakukan dengan memberikan bobot pada atribut data siswa dan mencari jarak Euclidean, selanjutnya diurutkan dari jarak yang terkecil, setelah diurutkan data siswa tersebut maka dicari jarak terdekat terhadap data training. Algoritma K-Nearest Neighbor dalam pelatihan data sangat cepat, sederhana, mudah dipelajari, efektif dengan data pelatihan besar serta tahan terhadap data berisi nilai yang salah atau anomali. Hasil dari penelitian ini data siswa yang didapat sebanyak 77 siswa, terdapat data True Positive (TP) sejumlah 5 data, False Positive (FP) sejumlah 7 data, True Negative (TN) sejumlah 65 data dan False Negative (FN) sejumlah 0. Hasil akurasi yang diperoleh mendapatkan nilai 90.90% dengan nilai k=10.

Kata kunci: K-Nearest Neighbor, KNN, Program Indonesia Pintar (PIP), Sistem Informasi.
Biblical Problematic, Containing in Letter 47 of the Catholicos Timothy I
Authors: Шаблевский Николай 
Published: January 2022

В 47-м письме Тимофей I, католикос Церкви Востока, представил несколько библейских фрагментов, которые не имеют явных интертекстуальных связей. Например, Тимофей I не знал, где в Ветхом Завете написано, что Иисус Христос будет называться Назарянином (Мф. 2, 23). По его словам, в пещере недалеко от Иерихона какой-то араб со своей собакой вдруг обнаружил много библейских рукописей. Итак, католикос надеялся найти в этих открытиях разрешение библейских апорий. В этой заметке автор обращает внимание на библейские фрагменты, процитированные Тимофеем I, и пытается установить интертекстуальные связи в библейских текстах, при этом Ветхий Завет представлен масоретским текстом, Пешиттой, Септуагинтой и Сиро-Гексаплами, а Новый Завет - Пешиттой и критическим изданием Nestle-Aland.
In Letter 47, Timothy I, Catholicos of the Church of the East, presented several biblical passages that have no obvious intertextual connections. For example, Timothy I did not know where in the Old Testament it is written that Jesus Christ would be called a Nazarene (Mt. 2, 23). According to him, in a cave near Jericho, an Arab with his dog suddenly discovered many biblical manuscripts. So, the Catholicos hoped to find in these discoveries a solution to the biblical aporias. In this article, author draws attention to the biblical passages quoted by Timothy I and try to establish intertextual connections in the biblical texts, while the Old Testament is represented by the Masoretic text, Peshiṭta, Septuagint and Syro-Hexapla, that the New Testament is represented by Peshiṭta and the critical edition of Nestle-Aland.
Impact of Green Energy Production, Green Innovation, Financial Development on Environment Quality: A Role of Country Governance in Pakistan
Authors: Bhutta Aamir Inam , Ullah Muhammad Rizwan , Sultan Jahanzaib , Riaz Ahsan , Sheikh Muhammad Fayyaz 
Published: January 2022

The study aims to analyze the contributions of green innovation, green energy production, and financial development to environmental quality with the moderating role of country governance. The study collects data from a panel of five South Asian economies from 2000 to 2018. The paper includes CIPS, a second-generation unit root to test the data's stationarity, and the Westerlund co-integration to investigate the long-term relationship between determinants. The Fully Modified and Dynamic Ordinary Least Square is applied to estimate the long-run coefficient and test the hypothesized relationship between selected determinants. The study finds that green innovation and green energy production negatively (positively) contribute to environmental degradation (environment sustainability). Moreover, financial development has a substantial impact on environmental degradation and sustainability, as per the findings. The study further finds a significant role of country governance in the relationship between green innovation, green energy production, environmental degradation, and environmental sustainability. Furthermore, country governance is improving the link between financial development and environmental degradation, and long-term sustainability.
Interações medicamentosas com anti-hipertensivos
Authors: Morais Katiucce Borges de , Dantas Luciana Arantes , Triches Celiana Maria Ferrarini , Porfiro Cínthia Alves , Neto Filho Manoel Aguiar , Santos Jacqueline Silva Guimarães dos 
Published: January 2022

A interação medicamentosa (IM) ocorre principalmente devido automedicação, polifarmácia ou erros de prescrição. Indivíduos hipertensos geralmente necessitam mais de um medicamento no tratamento, aumentando a probabilidade de possíveis IM proporcionais a quantidade de medicamentos utilizados, podendo levar a diferentes consequências como alterações no efeito farmacológico, reações adversas, toxicidade acumulativa, comorbidades ou morte. A classe terapêutica anti-hipertensivos, que se subdivide em diversas classes farmacológicas com o mesmo uso terapêutico, é a classe que mais se destaca em IM e fármacos anti-hipertensivos de classes farmacológicas diferentes podem interagir entre si e com outras classes de medicamentos em geral. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar estatisticamente as principais classes farmacológicas e os principais fármacos relacionados a IM com anti-hipertensivos por meio de uma revisão sistemática de literatura selecionando trabalhos publicados nos últimos vinte anos. As interações medicamentosas foram avaliadas segundo a gravidade, classificadas em leves, moderadas e graves. As classes farmacológicas causadoras de IM com anti-hipertensivos mais frequentes foram os hipoglicemiantes, anti-inflamatórios não esteroides (AINES), diuréticos e combinação de dois tipos diferentes de anti-hipertensivos. Já os fármacos anti-hipertensivos que se destacaram em IM foram captopril, enalapril, hidroclorotiazida, propranolol, atenolol, anlodipino, amiodarona, losartana, espironolactona e furosemida. Portanto, os profissionais da área da saúde precisam se atentar para reações adversas oriundas dessas potenciais IM, notificar e intervir quando necessário para melhorar a eficiência do tratamento farmacológico evitando prejuízos à saúde.