bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An ultra‐wideband compact design for hyperthermia: Open ridged‐waveguide antenna
Authors: Ghaderi Aram Morteza , Aliakbarian Hadi , Dobšíček Trefná Hana 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAntennas are the building block of radiative hyperthermia (HT) applicators. This study proposes a compact UWB antenna specifically tailored to meet the requirements for deep HT array applicators. The proposed Open Ridged‐Waveguide (ORWG) antenna, which is an adaptation of a double‐ridged horn antenna, operates over the frequency band of 400–800 MHz. It was experimentally assessed as a single element. The quality metrics considered were reflection coefficient, penetration depth, effective field size (EFS), and mutual coupling. The design shows a 75.5% fractional bandwidth with a reflection coefficient measured to be below −10 dB from 367 up to 820 MHz. The EFS is greater than the physical dimensions of the 3‐by‐4 cm aperture. The mutual coupling between two adjacent elements in the array, measured in a flat phantom arrangement, is lower than −30 dB throughout the entire band. The antenna's performance was further tested in two deep HT scenarios in order to assess the mutual coupling and focussing abilities while in the array configuration. To this end, phased array applicators consisting of 10 and 16 ORWG antennas were simulated in CST, and the results are presented for a homogeneous cylindrical muscle phantom and a realistic patient model, respectively. The good agreement between the simulated and measured results suggests that the antenna can be successfully used for HT.
Zeitliche Dringlichkeitsstufen bei der operativen Versorgung von handchirurgischen Notfällen: Eine Umfrage unter deutschen Handchirurgen
Authors: Schleußer Sophie , Kalousis Konstantinos , Kisch Tobias , Mailänder Peter , Stang Felix 
Published: January 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die handchirurgische Notfallversorgung konkurriert in der Dienstzeit mit anderen chirurgischen Fächern um die zur Verfügung stehende OP-Kapazität. Fachübergreifend existiert in vielen Kliniken eine einheitliche Notfallkategorisierung, die festlegt, innerhalb welcher Zeitfenster eine chirurgische Versorgung von Notfällen erfolgen muss. Allerdings gibt es in der handchirurgischen Literatur keine einheitlichen Daten/Empfehlungen darüber, mit welcher zeitlichen Versorgungsdringlichkeit bestimmte Verletzungsmuster aus medizinischer und forensischer Sicht versorgt werden sollten.
Ziel Die vorliegende Arbeit unternimmt den Versuch, die Versorgungssituation und den fachlichen Konsens bezüglich der Versorgungsdringlichkeiten in Deutschland mithilfe einer Online-Umfrage zu erfassen.
Material und Methoden Über den E-Mail-Verteiler der DGH wurde eine Online-Umfrage an alle Mitglieder zweimal im Abstand von mehreren Monaten versandt. Es erfolgte die standardisierte Abfrage von Art und Größe der Klinik bzw. Praxis sowie die Bitte um Einschätzung der zeitlichen Dringlichkeitsstufen für verschiedene handchirurgische Verletzungsmuster (sofort – innerhalb 2 h – innerhalb 6 h – innerhalb 12 h – innerhalb 24 h bzw. elektive Versorgung). Die anschließende Analyse und grafische Aufarbeitung erfolgten mittels Excel.
Ergebnisse Von rund 700 aktiven Mitgliedern beteiligten sich 172 (25 %) an der Umfrage. Vertreten sind Kollegen sowohl aus Universitätskliniken und BG-Kliniken als auch aus Schwerpunkthäusern und Kliniken der Grund- und Regelversorgung. 15 % sind in der Praxis tätig. An der Notfallversorgung partizipieren erwartungsgemäß hauptsächlich Häuser der Maximalversorgung, überwiegend mit eigener handchirurgischer Dienstbesetzung. 64 % der Häuser haben dabei eine fachübergreifende Notfallkategorisierung. Die Einschätzung der zeitlichen Versorgungsdringlichkeiten bei gefährdenden Verletzungen der Hand wie Amputationen und Kompartmentsyndrom ist insgesamt relativ einheitlich, bei nicht-gefährdenden Verletzungen wie Infekten oder Sehnendurchtrennungen hingegen sehr heterogen.
Schlussfolgerung Die Möglichkeit zur Versorgung handchirurgischer Notfälle hängt in erster Linie von den zur Verfügung stehenden Ressourcen und OP-Kapazitäten ab, die Einschätzung der Versorgungsdringlichkeit zusätzlich von Erfahrung und Schule. Um im Wettbewerb mit anderen chirurgischen Disziplinen um limitierte Ressourcen auf eine valide Argumentationsgrundlage zurückgreifen zu können, ist ein allgemeiner Konsens zu Versorgungsdringlichkeiten sinnvoll. Eine dazu valide Studiengrundlage fehlt allerdings bis heute.
Schwangerenversorgung und Zugang zur Hebamme nach sozialem Status:
Eine Analyse mit Routinedaten der BARMER
Authors: Hertle Dagmar , Lange Ute , Wende Danny 
Published: January 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Der sozioökonomische Status ist eine wichtige Ursache
von Ungleichheit in Gesundheitsstatus und Versorgung. Dies trifft auch auf
Schwangerschaft, Geburt und Wochenbett zu. Die Betreuung während der
Schwangerschaft hat eine weichenstellende Rolle für das Gelingen der
Lebensphase rund um die Geburt. Untersucht wurde deshalb auf der Basis von
Routinedaten der BARMER, welche Leistungen Schwangere in Abhängigkeit
von der sozioökonomischen Lage erhalten haben und wie sich diese auf die
Berufsgruppen der Gynäkolog*innen und Hebammen verteilt
haben.
Methode Die Studienpopulation umfasste 237 251 bei der BARMER
versicherte Frauen mit 278 237 Geburten in den Jahren 2015–2019.
Betrachtet wurden die von Gynäkolog*innen und Hebammen
abgerechneten Leistungen während der Schwangerschaft nach
sozio-ökonomischer Lage.
Ergebnisse Die ärztliche Vorsorge dominiert das
Versorgungsgeschehen: Für knapp 98% der Schwangeren wurde in
mindestens drei Quartalen eine ärztliche Vorsorgepauschale abgerechnet.
Eine regelmäßige Beteiligung der Hebamme an der Vorsorge ab dem
4. Schwangerschaftsmonat mit mehr als vier Vorsorgeleistungen war nur bei
1,2% der Frauen der Fall. Frauen aus einkommensschwachen
Verhältnissen erhalten weniger Vorsorgeleistungen sowohl durch
Gynäkolog*innen als auch durch Hebammen, wobei 31% der
einkommensschwachen Frauen gar keinen Hebammenkontakt vor der Geburt hatten, bei
den Frauen mit hohem Einkommen waren es nur 11%. Frauen mit hohem
Einkommen hatten zudem häufiger früh Kontakt zur Hebamme (47 vs.
37% im ersten Trimenon). Der Zeitpunkt des Erstkontaktes erwies sich als
relevant für die spätere kooperative Schwangerschaftsbetreuung
durch beide Berufsgruppen.
Schlussfolgerungen Die Potentiale der Hebammenbetreuung werden nicht
ausgeschöpft. Hebammen sollten insgesamt deutlich mehr in die
Schwangerschaftsvorsorge eingebunden sein, wobei der Zugang zur Hebamme
insbesondere für sozial benachteiligte Frauen verbessert werden muss.
Diese Gruppe könnte besonders von der Hebammenversorgung profitieren, da
diese die sozialen Aspekte in der Betreuung stärker
berücksichtigt und auch aufsuchende Angebote macht.
Subaxial Lateral Mass Prosthesis for Posterior Reconstruction of Cervical Spine
Authors: Jian Qiang , Liu Zhenlei , Duan Wanru , Jian Fengzeng , Chen Zan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background Posterior facetectomy or lateral mass resection is often used during cervical dumbbell tumor resection, jeopardizing the stability of cervical spine. The space after resection of one or more lateral masses, if left unfilled might hamper bone fusion and structural support.
Purpose There were the aims to obtain the relevant morphometry of the lateral mass of the subaxial cervical spine (C3–C7) and to design a lateral mass prosthesis for the posterior reconstruction of the cervical spine.
Methods The computed tomography (CT) scans of healthy volunteers were obtained. RadiAnt DICOM Viewer software (Version 2020.1, Medixant, Poland) was used to measure the parameters of lateral mass, such as height, anteroposterior dimension (APD), mediolateral dimension (MLD), and facet joint angle. According to the parameters, a series of cervical lateral mass prostheses were designed. Cadaver experiment was conducted to demonstrate its feasibility.
Results Twenty-three volunteers with an average age of 30.1 ± 7.1 years were enrolled in this study. The height of the lateral mass was 14.1 mm on average. The facet joint angle, APD, and MLD of the lateral mass averaged 40.1 degrees, 11.2 mm, and 12.2 mm, respectively. With these key data, a lateral mass prosthesis consisting of a column and a posterior fixation plate was designed. The column has a 4.0-mm radius, 41-degree surface angle, and adjustable height of 13, 15, or 17 mm. In the cadaver experiment, the column could function as a supporting structure between adjacent facets, and it would not violate the exiting nerve root or the vertebral artery.
Conclusion This study provided a detailed morphology of the lateral mass of the subaxial cervical spine. A series of subaxial cervical lateral mass prostheses were designed awaiting further clinical application.
Spinal Cord Tumors—Our 5-Year Experience
Authors: Banga Manpreet S. , Sandeep B.V. , Kishan Anantha , Arun M.A. , Dev Arjun H. , Devabhakthuni Rajesh B. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose To study the demography, incidence, symptoms, histopathology, postoperative complications and recovery in operated patients of spinal tumor.
Overview of Literature Primary spinal cord tumors (SCT) are an uncommon entity. According to their location, spinal tumors are conveniently classified as extradural (ED) and intradural (ID), although some can be both inside and outside the dura. ID tumors can be intradural extramedullary (IDEM) or intramedullary SCT (IMSCT).
Methods This is a retrospective study of 122 patients with spinal tumors who were surgically treated at the department of neurosurgery from 2014 to 2019 over a period of 5 years.
Study Design This is a retrospective study.
Results Out of 122 patients, there were 19 patients with ED tumor, 73 had IDEM, and 30 had IMSCT. As many as 73 patients were males and the rest of the 49 patients were females. Mean age at time of surgery was 40.79 years. The thoracic region of spinal canal was most frequently involved (64; 52.4%). The common clinical symptom was motor weakness (90 cases; 73.77%). Majority of the patients had symptoms for duration of 6 to 12 months. Schwannomas were the most common tumor among IDEM and extradural location. Ependymomas were the most common type in IMSCT. We observed significant improvement in most of our cases. Four patients deteriorated at 3 months follow- up.
Conclusions There was a higher male:female ratio for all spinal cord tumors except meningiomas. There was also a higher proportion of nerve sheath tumors, and a lower proportion of meningiomas and neuroepithelial tumors. These results are similar to other studies from Asian countries.
Erectile Dysfunction in Individuals with Type 1 Diabetes is Associated with Long-term Metabolic Control and Diabetic Complications: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kamiński Mikołaj , Kulecki Michał , Lachowski Paweł , Kasprzak Dominika , Kulczycka Ania , Kozłowska Maria , Klause Daria , Uruska Aleksandra , Michalski Mateusz , Zozulińska-Ziółkiewicz Dorota 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background Erectile dysfunction (ED) affects approximately 38% of individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1DM). Skin autofluorescence (AF) reflects skin advanced glycation end product (AGE) deposits and is a marker of long-term glycemia control.
Objective The study investigates the relationship between ED and diabetes control in patients with T1DM.
Methods Adult patients with T1DM visiting the Diabetology Department were cross-sectionally investigated. Medical history, anthropometric features, and laboratory findings were collected. All individuals filled the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5). IIEF-5 total score < 22 represented the presence of ED. AF was measured on the volar aspect of the forearm using AGE Reader. Insulin resistance (IR) was assessed by the estimated glucose disposal rate. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. The adjusted covariates were general risk factors of ED.
Results Of a total of n = 70 patients, n = 30 (42.9%) suffered from ED. The presence of ED was associated with higher glycated hemoglobin level (OR, 95% CI; 1.62, 1.02–2.60; p = 0.043), presence of at least one diabetic complication (3.49, 1.10–11.03; p = 0.03), and skin AF (9.20, 1.60–52.94; p = 0.01), but not with IR (0.78, 0.57–2.60; p = 0.12). Skin AF values ≥ 2.2 indicates presence of ED with a sensitivity of 70.0% and a specificity of 77.5%. Area under the curve was equal to 0.72 (95% CI: 0.60–0.85).
Conclusions The presence of ED in individuals with T1DM is associated with HbA1c, the presence of at least one diabetic complication, and skin AF.
Operative Volume of Newborn Surgery in German University Hospitals: High Volume Versus Low Volume Centers
Authors: Lacher Martin , Barthlen Winfried , Eckoldt Felicitas , Fitze Guido , Fuchs Jörg , Hosie Stuart , Kaiser Martin M. , Meyer Thomas , Muensterer Oliver J. , Reinshagen Konrad , Rothe Karin , Seitz Guido , Stuhldreier Gerhard , Troebs Ralf-Bodo , Ure Benno , von Schweinitz Dietrich , Wessel Lucas , Wünsch Lutz , Rolle Udo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction Adequate patient volume is essential for the maintenance of quality, meaningful research, and training of the next generation of pediatric surgeons. The role of university hospitals is to fulfill these tasks at the highest possible level. Due to decentralization of pediatric surgical care during the last decades, there is a trend toward reduction of operative caseloads. The aim of this study was to assess the operative volume of the most relevant congenital malformations at German academic pediatric surgical institutions over the past years.
Methods Nineteen chairpersons representing university-chairs in pediatric surgery in Germany submitted data on 10 index procedures regarding congenital malformations or neonatal abdominal emergencies over a 3-year period (2015 through 2017). All institutions were categorized according to the total number of respective cases into “high,” “medium,” and “low” volume centers by terciles. Some operative numbers were verified using data from health insurance companies, when available. Finally, the ratio of cumulative case load versus prevalence of the particular malformation was calculated for the study period.
Results From 2015 through 2017, a total 2,162 newborns underwent surgery for congenital malformations and neonatal abdominal emergencies at German academic medical centers, representing 51% of all expected newborn cases nationwide. The median of cases per center within the study period was 101 (range 18–258). Four institutions (21%) were classified as “high volume” centers, four (21%) as “medium volume” centers, and 11 (58%) as “low volume” centers. The proportion of patients operated on in high-volume centers varied per disease category: esophageal atresia/tracheoesophageal fistula: 40%, duodenal atresia: 40%, small and large bowel atresia: 39%, anorectal malformations: 40%, congenital diaphragmatic hernia: 56%, gastroschisis: 39%, omphalocele: 41%, Hirschsprung disease: 45%, posterior urethral valves: 39%, and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)/focal intestinal perforation (FIP)/gastric perforation (GP): 45%.
Conclusion This study provides a national benchmark for neonatal surgery performed in German university hospitals. The rarity of these cases highlights the difficulties for individual pediatric surgeons to gain adequate clinical and surgical experience and research capabilities. Therefore, a discussion on the centralization of care for these rare entities is necessary.
Postoperative Respiratory Compromise following Cesarean Birth: The Impact of Obesity and Systemic Opioids
Authors: Walker Jessica L. , Adams Jacquelyn H. , Broman Aimee T. , Pryde Peter G. , Antony Kathleen M. 
Published: January 2022

Objective The aim of this study was to measure the effect of obesity and systemic opioids on respiratory events within the first 24 hours following cesarean.
Methods Opioid-naive women undergoing cesarean between January 2016 and December 2017 were included in this retrospective cohort study. The primary outcome was the proportion of women experiencing at least one composite respiratory outcome (oxygen saturation less than 95% lasting 30+ seconds or need for respiratory support) within 24 hours of cesarean. The impact of obesity and total systemic opioid dose in 24 hours (measured in morphine milligram equivalents [MMEs]) on the composite respiratory compromise outcome were evaluated.
Results Of 2,230 cesarean births, 790 women had at least one composite respiratory event. Predictors of the composite respiratory outcome included body mass index (BMI) as a continuous variable (odds ratio = 1.063 for every one unit increase in BMI [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.021–1.108], p = 0.003), and MME (odds ratio = 1.005 [95% CI: 1.002–1.008], p = 0.003), adjusting for magnesium sulfate use. The interaction between obesity and opioid dose demonstrated an odds ratio of 1.000 (95% CI: 0.999–1.000, p = 0.030).
Conclusion The proportion of women experiencing respiratory events following cesarean birth increases with the degree of obesity and opioid dose.
Key Points
ThAu2−, ThAu2O−, and ThAuOH− anions: Photoelectron spectroscopic and theoretical characterization
Authors: Zhu Zhaoguo , Marshall Mary , Bowen Kit H. , Peterson Kirk A. 
Published: January 2022

The thorium–gold negative ions ThAu2−, ThAu2O−, and ThAuOH− have been observed and experimentally characterized by anion photoelectron spectroscopy. These experiments are accompanied by extensive ab initio electronic structure calculations using a relativistic composite methodology based primarily on coupled cluster singles and doubles with perturbative triples calculations. The theoretical electron affinities (EAs) at 0 K agree with the experimental adiabatic EAs to within 0.02 eV for all species. Two separate isomers were located in the calculations for ThAuOH−, and detachment from both of these appears to be present in the photoelectron spectrum. Excited electronic states of the neutral molecules are reported at the equation of motion-coupled cluster singles and doubles level of theory. Atomization energies and heats of formation are also calculated for each neutral species and have expected uncertainties of 3 and 4 kcal/mol, respectively. The σ bonds between Th and Au are determined by natural bond orbital analysis to consist of predominately sd hybrids on Th bonding with the Au 6s orbital. In order to investigate the correspondence between the bonding in Th–Au and Th–F molecules, a limited number of calculations were also carried out on most of the F-analogs of this study. These results demonstrate that Au does behave like F in these cases, although the Th–F σ bonds are much more ionic compared to Th–Au. This results in an EA for ThF2 that is 10 kcal/mol smaller than that of ThAu2. The EA values for the Th(IV) species, i.e., ThX2O and ThXOH, only differed, however, by 3–4 kcal/mol.
Verbs of seasoning in Japanese, with special reference to the locative alternation in English
Authors: Nonaka Daisuke 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This chapter identifies verbs of seasoning from the Balanced Corpus of Contemporary Written Japanese and divides them into two types: those taking the seasoning as direct object (e.g., shio o furikakeru ‘sprinkle salt’) and those marking the seasoning with the instrumental case (e.g., shio de ajituke suru ‘season (something) with salt’). While some verbs of seasoning in English participate in the locative alternation (e.g., Sprinkle salt over the meat vs. Sprinkle the meat with salt), Japanese has considerably fewer alternating verbs, requiring the use of different verbs in the realm of seasoning. The difference is accounted for in light of “fashions of speaking” (e.g., Ikegami, 1985).
Motion expressions in Japanese wine-tasting descriptions
Authors: Yoshinari Yuko 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This chapter analyzes motion expressions for wine aromas and flavors found in a corpus of wine-tasting notes, applying a typological theory of motion expressions (Talmy, 2000). Japanese wine-tasting descriptions are typically metaphoric, attempting to convey the motion of an entity, particularly aroma and flavor, around the sensory organs, similar to the case of English (Caballero, 2007). However, the following distinct features are observed in the Japanese wine-tasting context: (i) path-of-motion verbs are more predominantly used than manner-of-motion verbs to describe wine; (ii) a combination of a deictic verb and another verb (e.g., de-te-kuru [exit-conj-come] ‘come out’) is more frequently used than a single deictic verb. These characteristics mirror the patterns observed in Japanese descriptions of motion events in space.
The foot in the history of English
Authors: Dresher B. Elan , Lahiri Aditi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Dresher & Lahiri (1991) propose that Old English displays ‘metrical coherence’: different phonological processes are sensitive to the same metrical structure. We consider how English has dealt with challenges to metrical coherence. We show that the resolved moraic trochee, assumed to characterize the early Old English foot (Bermúdez-Otero manuscript; Goering 2016a, b), became untenable after the shortening of unstressed vowels, arguing that this stage of Old English, at least, requires the Germanic Foot, an extended and resolved trochee. After 1570 (Lahiri 2015) the direction of parsing changed from left-to-right to right-to-left when the number of Latin loanwords with stress-affecting suffixes had passed a threshold derived from Yang’s Tolerance Principle (Yang 2016). This change reestablished the metrical coherence that had been disrupted by these words.
Towards a companionate marriage in Late Modern England?
Authors: Gardner Anne-Christine 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Using a Critical Discourse Analysis approach (Fairclough 1992) which combines micro and macro level analysis, this article explores how the social relationship of a privileged couple, Mary Hamilton (1756–1816) and John Dickenson (c.1757–1842), is negotiated during their courtship in 1784–85 on the basis of Hamilton’s letters in the
Mary Hamilton Papers
(HAM/2/15), held by The University of Manchester Library. The focus lies on two moments of crisis in which Hamilton criticises Dickenson’s behaviour concerning letter-writing and hunting practices. The couple seems to follow the ideals of the companionate marriage which emerged in the eighteenth century: they treat each other as equals, which allows Hamilton to be outspoken about her opinions, and the partners accommodate to each other’s positions.
Adapting the Dynamic Model to historical linguistics
Authors: Percillier Michael 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This chapter describes a new application of the
Dynamic Model of contact by Edgar W. Schneider to the
medieval contact situation between Anglo-Norman and Middle English, which
lasted from 1066 until ca. 1500. Specifically, the emergence of an insular
variety of Old French called Anglo-French, as well as the transfer of
linguistic features from French into Middle English, are discussed within
this framework. By way of three pilot studies, the productivity of copied
features as well as instances of ‘failed change’ are explained by the
model’s dynamic and granular nature. The chapter demonstrates how the model
can be applied to further contexts than its original scope, and may provide
a framework to explain contact-induced developments in both settler and
indigenous languages.