bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Value of Rox Index to Predict Intubation and Intensive Care Unit
Outcome In Patients With Respiratory Failure
Authors: Mammadova Ayshan , Eriş Esra , Solmaz Zeynep Sena , Kara Ayşe Taşçı , Atasoy Aydın , Gürsel Gül 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Recent literature suggests that the respiratory rate oxygenation (ROX) index
may be useful in predicting intubation indication in hypoxemic patients.

Objective:
In this study, we evaluated the accuracy of the ROX index in predicting intubation, length
of stay in the ICU, and mortality in ICU patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure with and without
hypercapnia.

Methods:
A single-centre retrospective cohort study of 290 patients with a preliminary diagnosis of
respiratory failure were treated with low-flow oxygen systems. Demographics, medical history,
clinical, laboratory, treatment, and prognostic data were obtained from the hospital's electronic
records. The ROX index was calculated at the time of ICU admission.

Results:
Thirty-seven percent of non-hypercapnic and 69% of hypercapnic patients were intubated
(p: 0.005). In hypercapnic patients, ROX: 6.9 had highest sensitivity (81%) and specificity (65%)
values for intubation (p: 0.005). In non-hypercapnic patients, ROX: 6.2 had the highest sensitivity
(81%) and specificity (40%) values. While 11% of hypercapnic patients and 30% of non-hypercapnic
patients died (p: 0.05), 22% of hypercapnic patients and 33% of non-hypercapnic patients stayed in
the ICU longer than 14 days (p: 0.044). The highest sensitivity and specificity values were found for
mortality in hypercapnic patients; for ROX value of 5.94 (sensitivity: 86%, specificity: 61%) and
ICU stay longer than 14 days; for ROX value of 7.4 (sensitivity:71%, specificity:68%).

Conclusion:
Results of our study suggest that the ROX index calculated during ICU admission can
help predict intubation indication and length of ICU stay in patients with respiratory failure and
hypercapnia may influence the cutoff values.
Phytochemicals and Nanoparticles in the Modulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR
Kinases and its Implications in the Development and Progression of Gastrointestinal
Cancers: A Review of Preclinical and Clinical Evidence
Authors: Narayanankutty Arunaksharan , Nambiattil Sreelakshmi , Mannarakkal Sreeshna 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Gastrointestinal cancer are the major form of cancer in developing countries,
which comprises gastric cancer (GC), hepatic cancer (HCC), colorectal cancers (CRC), etc.;
they account for a large number of cancer-related deaths globally. Gastrointestinal cancers generally
have a multifactorial origin, where both genetic and dietary factors play prominent roles. PI3K/Akt
signaling is the prime signaling pathway associated with the Phosphoinositide-3 kinase/protein kinase
B signaling pathway.

Objectives:
The present review aims to summarize the role of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway on
the different events of gastrointestinal cancers, such as proliferation, survival, metastasis, angiogenesis,
drug resistance and stem cell properties.

Methods:
Literature collection has been done using the appropriate keywords from Pub-
Med/Medline, Scopus, Web of science, or Eurekaselect. The details of individual types of cancers
were selected by giving respective keywords.

Results:
PI3K signaling pathway is important in various gastrointestinal carcinogenesis and progression
events; the pathway is involved in proliferation, survival, metastasis, and drug resistance.
Several natural phytochemicals and their derivatives have been shown to inhibit PI3K signaling and
its downstream regulatory elements, subsequently resulting in anticancer and anti-metastatic activity.
Although numerous preclinical evidences are available, conclusive clinical reports are lacking on
the anticancer aspects of PI3K inhibitors in gastric cancer.

Conclusion:
Phytochemicals are promising drug candidates for targeting the PI3K/mTOR pathway
in various gastrointestinal cancer treatments. However, there is a need for extensive clinical studies
to ascertain the commercial value of anticancer therapeutic compounds against cancers of the stomach,
liver, and intestine.
Carbon-based Nanomaterials for Delivery of Small RNA Molecules:
A Focus on Potential Cancer Treatment Applications
Authors: Habib Saffiya , Singh Moganavelli 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Nucleic acid-mediated therapy holds immense potential in treating recalcitrant
human diseases such as cancer. This is underscored by advances in understanding the mechanisms
of gene regulation. In particular, the endogenous protective mechanism of gene silencing known
as RNA interference (RNAi) has been extensively exploited.

Methods:
We review the developments from 2011 to 2021 using nano-graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes,
fullerenes, carbon nanohorns, carbon nanodots and nanodiamonds for the delivery of therapeutic
small RNA molecules.

Results:
Appropriately designed effector molecules such as small interfering RNA (siRNA) can, in
theory, silence the expression of any disease-causing gene. Alternatively, siRNA can be generated in
vivo by introducing plasmid-based short hairpin RNA (shRNA) expression vectors. Other small
RNAs, such as micro RNA (miRNA), also function in post-transcriptional gene regulation and are
aberrantly expressed under disease conditions. The miRNA-based therapy involves either restoration
of miRNA function through the introduction of miRNA mimics; or the inhibition of miRNA function
by delivering anti-miRNA oligomers. However, the large size, hydrophilicity, negative charge and
nuclease-sensitivity of nucleic acids necessitate an appropriate carrier for their introduction as medicine
into cells.

Conclusion:
While numerous organic and inorganic materials have been investigated for this purpose,
the perfect carrier agent remains elusive. Carbon-based nanomaterials have received widespread attention
in biotechnology recently due to their tunable surface characteristics and mechanical, electrical,
optical and chemical properties.
Exploration and Evaluation of In-vitro Antioxidant Activity of ABANA: A
Polyherbal Formulation
Authors: Bharati Deepak , Puri Abhijeet 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant capacity of Abana® (a poly-ingredient formulation with natural constituents).

Methods:
Extensive ethanol extraction of polyherbal formulations was followed by fractionation into petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethyl acetate extracts. Various fractions were further analyzed using this conventional method for phytochemical composition and concentration dependent antioxidant activity. Due to the presence of phenolic compounds in the formulation, extracts were analyzed for total phenolic content, flavonoid content, and in- vitro antioxidant activity. Antioxidant capacity was determined using total reducing potential, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis-ethyl-benzothiozoline-sulphonic acid diammonium salt (ABTS) and nitric oxide inhibition assays.

Results:
Primitive phytochemical screening revealed the presence of steroids, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids and tannins which were confirmed using thin-layer chromatography. The antioxidant activity of Abana tablet extracts decreased in the order ethyl acetate > ethanolic > chloroform > petroleum ether comparable to that of ascorbic acid and butylated hydroxytoluene.

Conclusion:
The current investigation suggests that the ethanolic extract and fractions of Abana polyherbal formulations exhibit significant antioxidant activity. Our results strongly imply that polyherbal compounds are a potential source of antioxidants capable of scavenging free radicals. The strong positive connection between antiradical scavenging activity and overall polyphenolic concentration in polyherbal drugs demonstrates that polyphenols are significant components capable of scavenging free radicals. Additional research is required to isolate and characterize the active moiety responsible for biological activity and treat it under various stress conditions.
Treatment Decision Making for Older Kidney Patients during COVID-19
Authors: Porteny Thalia , Gonzales Kristina M. , Aufort Kate E. , Levine Sarah , Wong John B. , Isakova Tamara , Rifkin Dena E. , Gordon Elisa J. , Rossi Ana , Di Perna Gary , Koch-Weser Susan , Weiner Daniel E. , Ladin Keren ,   Stakeholder Advisory Board
Published: June 2022

Background and objectives
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disrupted medical care across health care settings for older patients with advanced CKD. Understanding how shared decision making for kidney treatment decisions was influenced by the uncertainty of an evolving pandemic can provide insights for supporting shared decision making through the current and future public health crises.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We performed thematic and narrative analyses of semistructured interviews with patients (CKD stages 4 and 5, age 70+), care partners, and clinicians from Boston, Portland (Maine), San Diego, and Chicago from August to December 2020.

Results
We interviewed 76 participants (39 patients, 17 care partners, and 20 clinicians). Among patient participants, 13 (33%) patients identified as Black, and seven (18%) had initiated dialysis. Four themes with corresponding subthemes emerged related to treatment decision making and the COVID-19 pandemic: (1) adapting to changed educational and patient engagement practices (patient barriers to care and new opportunities for telemedicine); (2) reconceptualizing vulnerability (clinician awareness of illness severity increased and limited discussions of patient COVID-19 vulnerability); (3) embracing home-based dialysis but not conservative management (openness to home-based modalities and limited discussion of conservative management and advanced care planning); and (4) satisfaction and safety with treatment decisions despite conditions of uncertainty.

Conclusions
Although clinicians perceived greater vulnerability among older patients CKD and more readily encouraged home-based modalities during the COVID-19 pandemic, their discussions of vulnerability, advance care planning, and conservative management remained limited, suggesting areas for improvement. Clinicians reported burnout caused by the pandemic, increased time demands, and workforce limitations, whereas patients remained satisfied with their treatment choices despite uncertainty.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:
Decision Aid for Renal Therapy (DART), NCT03522740
Día Nacional del Urbanista Mexicano
Authors: Kaye López Juan Lázaro , Rincón Gallardo Eduardo 
Published: June 2022

<p style="text-align: justify;"><span>Juan Lázaro Kaye López y Eduardo Rincón Gallardo</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;">El 8 de octubre se celebra en México el Día Nacional del Urbanista y en la celebración del 2021, Juan L. Kaye, presidente de la AMU (Asociación Mexicana de Urbanistas) y el arquitecto Eduardo Rincón Gallardo, presidente de la Comisión de Honor de la AMU, hicieron entrega de la medalla “Carlos Lazo Barreiro” al Premio Nacional al Mérito Urbanístico.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span>En su discurso, Juan L. Kaye habla sobre la tarea del urbanista desde la integridad de la ciudad, su valor para dirigir el camino de la planeación, asegurar condiciones de bienestar, el impulso a la ciudadanía y reducir la brecha de desigualdad.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span>A su vez, Eduardo Rincón Gallardo define conceptos que permean el conocimiento urbanista y su teorización: civilización, poblamiento, migración, el cambio climático, la diversidad real de la sociedad, enseñar y aprender. Son las pautas que menciona en su discurso, las cuales invitan a los asistentes a reflexionar sobre la acción urbana actual. </span></p>
Reliability of a steel member in case of loss of local stability of a web
Authors: Nadolski Vitali V. 
Published: June 2022

Introduction. Thin-walled steel beams are widely used in the construction of buildings and structures. Steel beams with thin webs are popular due to their efficient bending performance, although the issue of local stability becomes relevant. The ana­lysis of models, simulating resistance to shear and local loading pursuant to various regulatory documents, shows that calculation formulas are complex in most cases and have a limited scope of application, while resistance values, obtained using different methods, are vastly different.
Materials and methods. The accuracy and essential areas of improvement of a resistance model can be identified by analyzing the numerical characteristics of model simulation uncertainties and comparing them with the experimental data.
Results. The author has identified statistical characteristics of the model uncertainty. Values of reliability factors, that ensure the target level of reliability, are identified with account taken of the variability of basic variables and the uncertainty of resis­tance models.
Conclusions. These values are indicative of the conservative nature of the model under consideration, which confirms the need to develop a design method on the basis of FEs of models that will take account of design features of the member under consideration and ensure more accurate and universal solutions. Their reliability is guaranteed by unified requirements for FE models, followed by their verification by the experimental data and reliability parameters applied to check the limit states. The article also offers a method for identifying the value of the reliability factor for a nonlinear load-bearing model, taking into account the statistical characteristics of basic variables included into the resistance model.
Deformations and natural vibration frequency of a three-dimensional truss in a multi-storey building
Authors: Kirsanov Mikhail N. 
Published: June 2022

Introduction. The analysis of deformations arising under the action of various loads and natural vibration frequencies is an integral part of the structural analysis of a multi-storey building. As a rule, this analysis is performed numerically in various systems using the finite element method and specialized software programmes. Analytical solutions are rare, but they are needed to evaluate the numerical ones and calculate simplified models of structures. The task is to find the analytical dependence of the frame deflection in a multi-storey building and its first natural frequency on the number of panels. The mass of the truss model is assumed to be distributed uniformly over the nodes. Only horizontal displacements of masses are taken into account.
Materials and methods. To calculate the forces arising in the rods of a statically determinate truss using the method of joint isolation in the alphameric form, the software compiled in the Maple math system is applied. The calculation of displacements of nodes is performed using the Mohr integral. The Dunkerley method allows finding the analytical form of the lower estimate of the first frequency of natural vibrations for an arbitrary number of storeys in a building. The analysis of a series of solutions, made in the alphameric form for trusses with a successively growing number of panels allows deriving the final vibration frequency formula. When determining the natural vibrations of the characteristic matrix, the Eigenvalues operator from the LinearAlgebra package was used.
Results. The resulting formulas used to analyze the deflection (horizontal displacement) of a structure under the action of a horizontal lateral load and the formula for estimating the first vibration frequency have simple forms, convenient for the quick verification of numerical solutions and preliminary evaluation of the behaviour of a designed structure.
Conclusions. The proposed spatial statically determinate model of a multi-storey building allows deriving formulas for the analysis of deformations and natural frequencies of a structure with an arbitrary number of storeys. Resulting formulas can be applied to solve optimization tasks and serve as the basis for calculating a more complex statically indeterminate model of a structure.
Application of logistics of regulatory impacts in the reengineering of transport infrastructure facilities
Authors: Sborshchikov Sergey B. , Maslova Lyubov A. 
Published: June 2022

Introduction. The development of transport infrastructure may be ensured through the reengineering of existing facilities of the same name, and also in conjunction with the construction of new buildings and structures in the convertible right-of-way. The objective of the research is to provide a scientific basis for the impacts within the framework of reengineering programs for transportation infrastructure facilities. In accordance with the chosen research area, reconstruction, technical re-equipment, renovation are considered to be the reengineering measures of individual transportation infrastructure facilities, and reclamation is the one of land plots in the right-of-way and adjacent territories. The management body acts on the object and subject with Regulatory Impact to achieve the set goals, recipients of the impact are the reengineering program participants, i.e. owners, contractors, clients.
Materials and methods. The theory of Regulatory Impact Logistics and methodological provisions of simulation modelling are applied in the research. The research provides a diagram of the interaction of subjects, participating in the implementation of reengineering programs for transportation infrastructure facilities, to confirm the feasibility and substantiate the possibility of allocating resources between the works on facilities in the process of operational management.
Results. The result of the research is a formalized description of the determining the execution of reengineering programs and formation of proposals for newly launched transportation infrastructure facilities.
Conclusions. The results are established to form a possible basis for a system of information and analytical support for reengineering of transportation infrastructure facilities, this system, among other things, will contribute to the optimal consumption of material and technical resources and their effective supply schedule. Ultimately, this should lead to a reduction in the cost and duration of reengineering of transportation infrastructure facilities.
Using IndorCAD/Road software to calculate the amount of road pavement materials needed to repair a motor road
Authors: Bezdelnikova Olga A. , Shepeleva Lubov V. 
Published: June 2022

Introduction. The authors have applied the IndorCAD/Road computer-aided design system to study several earthwork calculation methods widely used to analyze the amount of road pavement materials needed to repair and build motor roads. The authors have also reviewed research studies focused on identifying the reasons that influence the unreliable ultimate amount of road pavement materials. The purpose of the study is to analyze all methods used to calculate the amounts of road pavement materials and their potential combinations used to repair a motor road section.
Materials and methods. The authors have chosen the optimal method for calculating the amount of road pavement materials for a section of a motor road that is three kilometers long. The method has been chosen from among several methods and their combinations, offered by the IndorCAD/Road system. The authors compared these methods with the method of identifying the amount of road pavement materials depending on a difference in pavement surface levels, which is applicable after the completion of repair work. The amount of materials, calculated using this method, is considered to be trustworthy.
Results. The optimal calculation method is chosen with account taken of deviations from the trustworthy amount of roadbuilding materials and their costs, obtained using the above-considered methods. The comparative analysis has proven that of all the methods available today the classical method is recommended for practical use if it takes into account the adjustment for the radius of curvature in plan, since the values of amounts are as close as possible to realistic ones at the design stage.
MOTION VOCABULARY IN SUNDANESE LANGUAGE TERMINOLOGY FOR â€œPENCAK SILATâ€ A STUDY ON VOCABULARY AND WORD FORM
Authors: Kamilah Siti , Sobari Teti , Nurhayati Enung 
Published: June 2022

There has been few research conducted on the vocabularies and terminology in Sundanese Language for â€œPencak Silatâ€ motion. Many variations of language terms appear in the motion of Pencak Silat. The study encopass the following material: silat motion vocabulary construction, morphemic processes contained in the vocabulary of pencak silat motion, reference meaning of silat motion and functions produced by silat motion. The research utilize theÂ Kridalaksana & Chaer theory to arrange the material, word class theory andÂ morphology. It also used Ramlan syntactic theory and semantics from Lehler theory in Pateda (2010). A qualitative method of study was used to describe the variables. Data collection was done through observation and interview. Distributional method of analysis was also utilized. The Â study found terminology of Sundanese language in Pencak Silat character is unique, because theÂ vocabulary dose not have the same meaning as the dictionary. There is a similar vocabulary but different form and motion function, and the same motion form but different name. Research on the motion vocabulary in Pencak Silat is still very new and the research conducted is a pioneer. For future work further research from language elements or from outside the language, such as the philosophical movements of Pencak Silat is recommended.
LEGENDARY TEXT MALIN KUNDANG AS MEDIA MORAL VALUE FOR STUDENT THROUGH INTERNET
Authors: Limbong Jetro , Wikanengsih Wikanengsih 
Published: June 2022

This research explain how using legend text Malin Kundang through internet in learning. Research uses descriptive qualitative with sample is seven grade Junior High School who take Indonesian language lessons. Collection by observation and test methods. Instruments used were observation sheets and questions in form. Research validation was tested with external validity. Data analyzed using test of knowledge student about moral value in Malin Kundang text. Results of study are (1) Effective use of Malin Kundang legend text Â as a medium for moral values. (2) Internet as a stimulus to help student for knowing moral value. 3) Students get values in Malin Kundang text. Teacher excepted to use internet include value moral in text learning content.
AN ANALYSIS OF ANTHOLOGY POETRY STRUCTURE OF NETRA CINTA BY SELAWITRI
Authors: Fakot Mumin , Sudrajat Rochmat Tri 
Published: June 2022

This study aims to determine the physical structure and inner structure in the anthology of Netra Cintapoetries. Based on the research problems, this research aims to describe the morals contained in the Netra Cintapoetrycollections. The method applied in this study was qualitative research methods as descriptive analysis design. The writer used this methodÂ because the writer tried to know and describe the physical structure, inner structure and description of morality in the anthology of Netra Cinta poetrywhich is the object of this research. The research instrument was the documentation technique. The using of this documentation technique is done by reading poetry data sources which aimsto identify data in accordance with the theory used. After obtaining this research data, further analysis of the research data is carried out with content analysis techniques. The process of data analysis could be done by mastering the physical and inner elements as well as the moral description contained in the poetry anthology of Netra Cinta. The results showed that the physical structure in the anthology of Netra Cinta poetry used diction and concrete words that are disappointed. Anthology of Netra Cinta poetry typifies in straight stanzas. The dominant inner structure is the expression of feelings in the soul. The feeling depicted is a feeling of disappointment, sadness, pride and anger towards the state of the animal who is not good at taking advantage of opportunities.