bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toward a privacy-preserving predictive foundation model of single-cell transcriptomics with federated learning and tabular modeling
Authors: Ding Jiayuan , Lin Jianhui , Jiang Shiyu , Wang Yixin , Miao Ziyang , Fang Zhaoyu , Tang Jiliang , Li Min , Qiu Xiaojie 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe ability to pre-train on vast amounts of data to build foundation models (FMs) has achieved remarkable success in numerous domains, including natural language processing, computer vision, and, more recently, single-cell genomics—epitomized by GeneFormer, scGPT, and scFoundation. However, as single-cell FMs begin to train on increasingly large corpora, significant privacy and ethical concerns arise. Moreover, unlike text data, single-cell data is unordered and exhibits a unique tabular structure that most existing single-cell FMs overlook. In this study, we propose Tabula, a privacy-preserving and tabular-structure aware FM designed with federated learning (FL) and tabular modeling. Tabula combines the advantages of FMs and FL, enabling collaborative model training across multiple clients without compromising data privacy. In contrast to earlier single-cell FMs—which treat single-cell data like natural language (viewing cells as “words” defined by genes)—Tabula introduces a novel pretraining strategy that explicitly models the tabular structure of single-cell data. Extensive experimental results show that Tabula outperforms state-of-the-art methods in various downstream tasks (including cell type annotation, gene imputation, gene perturbation, multi-batch integration, and multi-omics integration) while requiring only half the data for pretraining and preserving data privacy. Furthermore, Tabula accurately reveals pairwise and even combinatorial regulatory logic across diverse biological systems, including hematopoiesis, pancreatic endogenesis, neurogenesis, and cardiogenesis. Thus, Tabula provides a new foundation model that explicitly incorporates the tabular nature of single-cell data alongside FL, paving the way for creating a “virtual cell” for human health under critical privacy preservation.
Temporal and Notch identity determine layer targeting and synapse location of medulla neurons
Authors: Holguera I. , Chen Y-C. , Chen Y-C-D. , Simon F. , Gaffney A.G. , Rodas J.D. , Córdoba S. , Desplan C. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHow specification mechanisms that generate neural diversity translate into specific neuronal targeting, connectivity, and function in the adult brain is not understood. In the medulla region of theDrosophilaoptic lobe, neural progenitors generate different neurons in a fixed order by sequentially expressing a series of temporal transcription factors as they age. Then, Notch signaling in intermediate progenitors further diversifies neuronal progeny. By establishing the birth order of medulla neurons, we found that their temporal identity correlates with the depth of neuropil targeting in the adult brain, for both local interneurons and projection neurons. We show that this temporal identity-dependent targeting of projection neurons unfolds early in development and is genetically determined. By leveraging the Electron Microscopy reconstruction of the adult fly brain, we determined the synapse location of medulla neurons in the different optic lobe neuropils and find that it is significantly associated with both their temporal identity and Notch status. Moreover, we show that all the putative medulla neurons with the same predicted function share similar neuropil synapse location, indicating that ensembles of neuropil layers encode specific visual functions. In conclusion, we show that temporal identity and Notch status of medulla neurons can predict their neuropil synapse location and visual function, linking their developmental patterning with their specific connectivity and functional features in the adult brain.
In vivo imaging of inferior olive neurons reveals roles of co-activation and cerebellar feedback in olivocerebellar signaling
Authors: Guo Da , Uusisaari Marylka Yoe 
Published: January 2025

AbstractComplex spikes (CSs), generated by inferior olive (IO) neurons, are foundational to most theories of cerebellar function and motor learning. Despite their importance, recordings from IO neurons in living animals have been limited to single-electrode methods, providing no insights into multineuron dynamics within intact circuits. Here, we used a novel ventral surgical approach that allows calcium imaging-based monitoring of multicellular activity in the IO of anesthetized mice. This method provides direct optical access to the ventral medulla, enabling simultaneous recording of spontaneous and sensory-evoked activity within localized clusters of IO neurons, specifically in the principal (PO) and dorsal accessory olives (DAO).Our findings reveal that spontaneous activity rates and event magnitudes differ between the PO and DAO, consistent with observations from cerebellar cortex recordings in zebrin-positive (Z+) and zebrin-negative (Z-) zones, respectively. We further demonstrate that spontaneous event amplitudes are influenced by co-activation among neighboring neurons, so that events occurring in clusters are larger than single ones. Event co-activation is more pronounced in the PO than in the DAO, potentially explaining the differences in complex spike sizes observed in Z+ and Z-zones. Sensory-evoked events induced by periocular airpuff stimulation were larger than spontaneous ones, as expected. However, this difference diminishes when accounting for the higher levels of co-activation during sensory stimulation. By comparing spontaneous and sensory-evoked events categorized as clustered or single, we find no intrinsic differences in amplitudes, emphasizing the role of co-activation in shaping event magnitude. Next, we optogenetically activated cerebellar nucleo-olivary (N-O) axons, a pathway central to theories of CS generation. To our surprise, while this robustly suppressed spontaneous IO activity, sensory-evoked events showed no reduction in either their probability or waveform. Our findings suggest that the traditional view of the N-O pathway as purely inhibitory or desynchronizing might be complemented with selective suppression of background activity while preserving sensory-driven responses. Together with the role of local co-activation in shaping IO event magnitudes, this work offers new insight into the timing and variation in complex spikes and their functional significance for behavior.
Inspiral-merger-ringdown waveforms in Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity within the effective-one-body formalism
Authors: Julié Félix-Louis , Pompili Lorenzo , Buonanno Alessandra 
Published: January 2025

Gravitational waves (GWs) provide a unique opportunity to test general relativity (GR) in the highly dynamical, strong-field regime. So far, the majority of the tests of GR with GW signals have been carried out following parametrized, theory-independent approaches. An alternative avenue consists in developing inspiral-merger-ringdown (IMR) waveform models in specific beyond-GR theories of gravity, by combining analytical and numerical-relativity results. In this work, we provide the first example of a full IMR waveform model in a beyond-GR theory, focusing on Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet (ESGB) gravity. This theory has attracted particular attention due to its rich phenomenology for binary black-hole (BH) mergers, thanks to the presence of nontrivial scalar fields. Starting from the state-of-the-art, effective-one-body (EOB) multipolar waveform model for spin-precessing binary BHs , we include theory-specific corrections to the EOB Hamiltonian, the metric and scalar energy fluxes, the GW modes, the quasinormal-mode (QNM) spectrum and the mass and spin of the remnant BH. We also propose a way to marginalize over the uncertainty in the merger morphology with additional nuisance parameters. Interestingly, we observe that changes in the frequency of the ringdown waveform due to the final mass and spin corrections are significantly larger than those due to ESGB corrections to the QNM spectrum. By performing Bayesian parameter estimation for the GW events GW190412, GW190814, and GW230529_181500, we place constraints on the fundamental coupling of the theory (αGB≲0.31  km at 90% confidence). The bound could be improved by one order of magnitude by observing a single “golden” binary system with next-generation ground-based GW detectors. Our model can be used to improve constraints on modifications of GR with upcoming GW observations, and to provide forecasts for future GW detectors on the ground and in space.

Published by the American Physical Society
2025
Managerial ability, overseas investment performance of emerging market countries – based on the perspective of intangible knowledge resources
Authors: Wu Yuqi , Zhan Huiwen , Hong Lianying , Hu Weijie 
Published: January 2025

Purpose From the perspective of intangible knowledge resources, this paper clarifies the impact of managerial ability on the performance of overseas investment subsidiaries. It explains the dilemma that the rapid growth of overseas investment by enterprises in emerging markets has not brought about the corresponding expected performance.Design/methodology/approach This paper uses matching data between the parent companies and overseas subsidiaries of Chinese A-share listed companies from 2007 to 2022 to study the impact of managerial ability on the performance of overseas investment subsidiaries and its mechanism.Findings The results show that there is a significant positive correlation between managerial ability and the performance of overseas subsidiaries. However, the impact of managerial ability exhibits heterogeneous, which is more significant in non-state-owned enterprises, investments in high-income economies and M&A investment. Managerial ability promotes mainly the performance of overseas subsidiaries through R&D knowledge resources, marketing knowledge resources and internationalization experience; managerial ability significantly impacts the performance of overseas subsidiaries in the case of CEO two-job separation, low CEO shareholding level, the executive team with overseas background and female.Originality/value This paper introduces managerial ability as a critical intangible knowledge resource in the study of overseas investment performance, enriching and expanding the connotation and theoretical foundation of managerial ability. It clarifies the impact mechanism of managerial ability on overseas investment performance from three dimensions: R&D knowledge resources, marketing knowledge resources and internationalization experience. It provides new empirical evidence and management enlightenment for promoting overseas investment performance and high-quality development in emerging market countries.
Female entrepreneurship: systematic literature review and research framework
Authors: Deng Wei , Zhou Wenxin , Song Rui , Li Jie , Zhang Jing 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
The rise of digitalization brings new opportunities and challenges to female entrepreneurship (FE). This paper aims to systematically review the intellectual landscape of FE research, identifying gaps and proposing future directions.

Design/methodology/approach
A systematic literature review was conducted on 1,918 highly relevant articles on FE, which were retrieved from the Scopus and Web of Science up to 2023.

Findings
While cyberfeminism is a rising perspective, the impact of digitalization on FE remains underexplored. Antecedents of FE are predominantly examined at the individual, family, organizational and environmental levels, overlooking team-level factors. Studies predominantly focus on outcomes at a single level and within a country, neglecting FE’s cross-level and cross-national complexity and diversity. The static analysis of mediating mechanisms in existing research fails to capture the dynamic process of FE. Furthermore, contextualization research often isolates family, institutional, social and mixed embeddedness, neglecting the simultaneous multiple contexts in which female entrepreneurs operate.

Originality/value
To bridge gaps in existing literature, this paper introduces an integrated research framework for FE. It suggests future research directions encompassing the impact of digital intelligence, heterogeneity of different groups of female entrepreneurs, the multiple contextual embedded nature of FE, dynamic process mechanisms for FE and cross-cultural comparisons. The proposed framework aims to inspire new insights and contribute to the evolving field of FE research.
When does ownership concentration improve franchise store performance?
Authors: Gill Pushpinder , Kim Stephen K. , Kaur Preetinder 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
This study aims to examine the performance outcomes of a store’s ownership concentration within a multi-unit franchise (MUF) network, emphasizing the nuanced effects under varying competitive conditions.

Design/methodology/approach
This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of all stores within the McDonald’s chain over an eight-year span. The research methodology incorporated a review of over 11 million customer evaluations to discern patterns in customer satisfaction and sales growth in relation to the store’s ownership concentration.

Findings
Stores with a pronounced ownership concentration showcased enhanced outcomes in both customer satisfaction and sales growth. However, the magnitude of these effects was moderated by the nature of competitive conditions, specifically focal market competition, non-focal market competition and legal safeguards.

Research limitations/implications
The study’s concentration on McDonald’s stores introduces a specificity that might limit the universal applicability of the findings to all franchise models or sectors. Additionally, the emphasis on the store level of analysis potentially overlooks broader systemic factors.

Practical implications
For managers and franchise owners, understanding the nuanced roles of ownership concentration can provide strategic insights. Recognizing how different competitive conditions can moderate the effects of ownership concentration can help in making informed decisions about power dynamics and competitive positioning.

Social implications
A store’s ownership concentration can have broader societal ramifications, potentially shaping consumer perceptions, community engagement and overall market health. As an owner’s stores concentrate spatially, they can contribute to a healthier market ecosystem, benefitting consumers and communities alike.

Originality/value
While the vertical power between the franchisor and franchisee owners have been studied, this study extends the discourse to power between MUF owners. This study provides novel insights by showing customer centric and firm centric performance outcomes of ownership concentration.
Family businesses in digital economy: findings from the Czech Republic
Authors: Mikušová Marie , Stanovská Kateřina 
Published: January 2025

PurposeFamily business in the Czech Republic has a very short history, which creates inequalities in the conditions of family business compared to other countries. The aim is to find out whether, despite the disadvantages resulting from historical development, the approach of Czech family business owners to digitization differs from that of business owners existing in an environment with a long history of family business.Design/methodology/approachThe respondents of the online questionnaire survey conducted in spring 2024 are family business owners from the Czech Republic. About 500 valid responses were obtained, mainly from small manufacturing businesses. The hypotheses were statistically verified. To analyse the relationships between variables, coefficients were used (Pearson’s, Spearman’s, Gamma, Kendall’s or Kruskal–Wallis test). Factor analysis was used to identify hidden variables that may explain the relationships between the observed variables.FindingsKey findings related to the approaches of generations owned and managed to the implementation of digitization, the influence of non-family managers and owners, the main barriers to implementation or the expected benefits. The finding that, despite the large historical distance, the attitudes of historically young family businesses do not differ much from those of owners in countries with a long history of family businesses can be considered novelties. It demonstrates that family businesses are mainly influenced by their specific characteristics brought about by the intermingling of family and business, regardless of the history of the development of the business environment.Originality/valueThis research highlights a key insight into family business dynamics: the cultural and historical context appears to have a less significant impact on owners’ attitudes than the inherent characteristics shared across family businesses. In essence, the unique blend of family and business interests creates commonalities that transcend geographical or historical differences. Comparing family business owners from the former “Eastern Bloc” and those from countries that have not been hampered by this social scrutiny provides a new perspective in the discipline of family business. Groups of barriers to the introduction of digitization were identified, namely resources, changes, data security and employees.
The art of inclusivity: how sense of community shapes Muslim journeys across Islamic and non-Islamic destinations
Authors: Suhartanto Dwi , Amalia Fatya Alty , Sumarjan Norzuwana , Lu Carol Yirong , Nova Muhamad 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
This study aims to explore the role of the sense of community in shaping Muslim tourists’ experiences in both Islamic and non-Islamic destinations, using the experience quality-intention framework.

Design/methodology/approach
Data was collected from 420 Muslim tourists visiting Islamic destinations and 371 visiting non-Islamic destinations, all of whom were Indonesian inbound or outbound tourists. Partial Least Squares analysis was applied to evaluate the sense of community’s impact on factors influencing Muslim tourists’ experiences.

Findings
The analysis reveals that integrating the sense of community into the framework enhances understanding of the factors affecting Muslim tourists’ overall experiences, satisfaction and behavioural intentions across both destination types. Notably, the sense of community significantly shapes tourists’ holistic experiences, satisfaction and intentions, though it affects attraction experiences differently between Islamic and non-Islamic destinations.

Practical implications
From a managerial perspective, findings suggest that destination managers can enhance Muslim tourists’ experiences and promote positive behavioural intentions by fostering a sense of community, regardless of tourists’ backgrounds. This underscores the importance of leveraging community connections to enrich experiences and encourage favourable intentions in diverse destinations.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the existing literature by expanding the Experience Quality-Intention framework to include the sense of community, providing fresh insights into predicting tourist experiences and intentions across diverse destinations.
Optimization of buffer allocation in mixed production systems with multiple classes, variable batch sizes and worker fatigue considerations
Authors: Gao Sixiao , Liao Yinsheng , Hu Zhiming 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
With rapid market customized demand and short development cycles, mixed production with multiple classes and variable batches has been popular, and its buffer allocation problem has become a new challenge. The mixed production cannot be analyzed based on the assumption of a stationary demand process which was typically used in previous studies. Furthermore, mixed production is still in human–machine cooperation mode where dynamic working efficiency because of workers’ fatigue causes uncertain processes. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to solve the buffer allocation problem in mixed production systems with multiple classes, variable batch sizes and worker fatigue considerations.

Design/methodology/approach
A dynamic modeling method of mixed production with multiple classes and variable batches is improved, which uses nonstationary demand processes to model the dynamic nature of multiple classes and variable batches. Human working efficiency decreasing due to fatigue is modeled as the time-varying service rate to represent human–machine cooperation. Furthermore, a parallel evolutionary algorithm that combines global and local search strategies parallelly is developed to solve the buffer allocation problem in mixed production for the first time.

Findings
Numerical examples demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed algorithm. The proposed algorithm achieves better solution quality than the state of art algorithms.

Originality/value
This study improves the dynamic modeling of mixed production to consider human factors and develops a hybrid algorithm to effectively solve the buffer allocation problem in dynamic mixed production.
Soil fungal necromass in deciduous‐dominated boreal forest after 13 years of inorganic nitrogen addition
Authors: Hupperts Stefan F. , Rodriguez‐Ramos Jean C. , Ishangulyyeva Guncha , Wasyliw Josh , Birch Joseph D. , Franklin James , Kwak Jin‐Hyeob , Chang Scott X. , Erbilgin Nadir , Karst Justine 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi comprise a large proportion of the living and dead microbial‐derived soil carbon (C) pool in boreal forests. Because soil nitrogen (N) and C cycles are closely interlinked, shifts in N availability and subsequent effects on dead fungal mass (“necromass”) may influence C storage in soils. Several mechanisms could underlie the balance of fungal necromass production and stabilization, including fungal morphological traits and physiological traits and biochemical interactions between roots and ECM fungi.

We applied inorganic N (30 kg ha−1 year−1) for 13 years in a boreal forest dominated by Populus tremuloides Michx. and measured total fungal necromass concentrations and total C concentrations in organic and mineral soil. We also measured total fungal biomass concentrations in soil (representing changes in inputs), condensed tannin and chitin concentrations of mycorrhizal roots (representing changes in necromass stabilization), and the potential genetic capacity of the ECM fungal community to produce chitinases (indicating chitin degradation potential) and class II peroxidases (indicating polyphenol degradation potential).

We detected little effect of long‐term N addition on soil fungal necromass concentration. Long‐term N addition did not have a detectable effect on soil C concentration, standing fungal biomass, fine root tannin or chitin concentrations. Despite downward trends, there was also no detectable effect of N addition on the potential genetic capacity of the ECM fungal community to produce chitinases or class II peroxidases.

Our study indicates that 13 years of inorganic N addition in a deciduous broadleaf‐dominated boreal forest has little detectable effect on soil fungal necromass concentrations or potential underlying mechanisms. However, morphological and physiological traits of the ECM community appear decoupled in response to inorganic N addition, representing key functional responses that warrant further investigation.

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