bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research strategy of cleaning airfield navaid lights based on mounted mobile robot group
Authors: Zhiwen Zhang , Xiaohong Ge , Qiuhua Zhu , Fuheng Lv , Jinhuo Wang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Based on the landing environment of airport aircraft and the cleaning requirements of a large number of navigation aids, this paper proposes a scheme of intelligent cleaning of navigation aids with mobile robots on the delivery vehicle. The cleaning efficiency of the robot can be effectively improved by optimizing the navigation mode and the moving path of the robot using the feature point navigation according to the layout of the navigation aids. Full automation of navigation light cleaning has been achieved, which saves a lot of manpower and resources for cleaning airports.
Compound drought constrains gross primary productivity in Chinese grasslands
Authors: He Panxing , Ma Xiaoliang , Sun Zongjiu , Han Zhiming , Ma Shangqian , Meng Xiaoyu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Water constraints disturb and damage the growth and development of grassland vegetation mainly through both atmospheric and soil pathways. In the background of rapid climate change in the future, the impacts of water constraints on grasslands are expected to further deepen. However, current studies lack reports exploring the frequency, intensity, and area of land-atmospheric compound drought on carbon indicators in grassland ecosystems. In this study, we analyze the response of China grasslands to dual terrestrial-atmospheric water constraint events using ISIMIP gross primary productivity (GPP) data to reveal the carbon cycle-climate feedback relationships over the Chinese grassland. We found that the occurrence probability of compound drought events (i.e. land-atmospheric water constraint) was 3–4 times higher than that of random drought events, and the frequency, intensity, and affected area of compound droughts were significantly higher than that of single droughts. Compound droughts caused a decline of up to 20.27% in GPP of grassland ecosystems in China, while the decline of single atmospheric drought or soil drought was only 12.34% and 14.32%. Which is because vapor pressure deficit and soil moisture are a set of strongly coupled bivariate variables, and the continued strengthening of the land-atmospheric feedback causes a higher probability of occurrence of compound drought events and an increased impact on ecosystem GPP.
Assemblages and steering in general probabilistic theories
Authors: Jenčová Anna 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We study steering in the framework of general probabilistic theories. We show that for dichotomic assemblages, steering can be characterized in terms of a certain tensor cross norm, which is also related to a steering degree given by steering robustness. Another contribution is the observation that steering in general probabilistic theories (GPTs) can be conveniently treated using Choquet theory for probability measures on the state space. In particular, we find a variational expression for universal steering degree for dichotomic assemblages and obtain conditions characterizing unsteerable states analogous to some conditions recently found for the quantum case. The setting also enables us to rather easily extend the results to infinite dimensions and arbitrary numbers of measurements with arbitrary outcomes.
Recent developments in spectral theory of the focusing NLS soliton and breather gases: the thermodynamic limit of average densities, fluxes and certain meromorphic differentials; periodic gases
Authors: Tovbis Alexander , Wang Fudong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this paper we consider soliton and breather gases for one dimensional integrable focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation (fNLS). We derive average densities and fluxes for such gases by studying the thermodynamic limit of the fNLS finite gap solutions. Thermodynamic limits of quasimomentum, quasienergy and their connections with the corresponding g-functions were also established. We then introduce the notion of periodic fNLS gases and calculate for them the average densities, fluxes and thermodynamic limits of meromorphic differentials. Certain accuracy estimates of the obtained results are also included. Our results constitute another step towards the mathematical foundation for the spectral theory of fNLS soliton and breather gases that appeared in work of El and Tovbis (2020 Phys. Rev. E 101 052207).
Application of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to cereal production: an overview
Authors: Vinci G , Ruggieri R , Ruggeri M , Zaki M G 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Cereals have been the basis of human and animal nutrition for centuries, and according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2020), between 1961-2019 their global production increased by +240%, reaching about 3 billion tons, accounting for 18% of climate-changing emissions from the agro-food sector. Continued population growth will lead to the need to produce more food, and to keep up it is estimated that cereal production will need to increase by 900 million tons by 2050, posing an inevitable increase in environmental pressures. Therefore, the new challenge will be to reconcile increased production with sustainable agricultural practices, in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the new Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). Since cereal production is essential to produce globally relevant commodities, it is important to assess and study its associated environmental effects. In this context, the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is recognized by the international scientific community as a useful tool for the assessment of environmental impacts caused by products, processes or systems and for the validation of new production paradigms. Therefore, the aim of this research is to carry out an overview of the literature on the most recent applications of LCA related to the production of cereals, in order to highlight the main criticalities, also according to the different production methods of the various Countries. Therefore, the three major cereals (corn, wheat and rice) and five minor ones (barley, sorghum, millet, oats and rye) were considered and the results showed that for all crops the main hotspot is the application and use of fertilizers. However, studies often differed in terms of functional unit, impact assessment methods, and respective environmental indicators. Therefore, a complete comparison was not always possible. Finally, the literature overview did not identify studies in which the social impacts of cereal production were considered, although economic assessments are present in some cases. Therefore, it is believed that consistent with the achievement of the SDGs, it is desirable to apply Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA) in agricultural and development policies to consider not only environmental impacts, but also economic and social impacts, in order to ensure a truly sustainable development and thus on all three dimensions
Alternative green livelihood initiatives: an effective way to achieve the sustainable development goals at disaster vulnerable, Indian Sundarbans
Authors: Chowdhury Abhiroop , Dawar Aman , Bhattacharyya Santanu , Naz Aliya 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Indian Sundarban is the part of world’s largest contiguous mangrove forest, delta and home to around 4.6 million people. Climate change induced natural disasters are rampant along its coasts destabilizing lives and livelihood in the region. Green alternative livelihood schemes addresses the Sustainability Development Goals (SDG), namely SDG-1 (No poverty), SDG-2 (Zero hunger), SDG- 8 (Descent work and economic growth), SDG-10 (Reduced inequalities) and it indirectly impart conservation of mangrove ecosystems (world’s largest blue carbon sink) by reducing nature exploitive livelihood options (SDG- 13, Climate action). A project implemented at Indian Sundarbans, since 2017 introduced alternative livelihood options (Cycle Van transport, Van Repairing Shop, Grocery Shop, Tea Stall) to total 471 marginalized families who has been making 1,629.00 INR per month by 2021. External evaluation report indicated an average of 40472.50 INR annual income. As per this study, Tea stall is most profitable small business followed by Cycle Van transport, Grocery Shop and Grocery Shop.
Engineered charge transfer and reactive site over hierarchical Ti3C2T
x
MXene@In2S3-NiS toward enhanced photocatalytic H2 evolution
Authors: Xie Guanshun , Zhu Yisong , Yu Changqiang , Xie Xiuqiang , Zhang Nan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Steering photogenerated electron flow to the effective reactive sites is ideal for photocatalytic H2 evolution. Herein, as a proof-of-concept, NiS is coupled with a typical Schottky heterojunction of Ti3C2T
x
MXene@In2S3 through the photodepotition method towards improving the photocatalytic H2 evolution performance. In addition to the Schottky effect-mediated electron transfer in Ti3C2T
x
MXene@In2S3 heterojunctions, p–n junctions form between In2S3 and NiS to extract photoinduced electrons, which is found to cooperate with the role of effective H2 evolution reactive sites. The synergistic dual functions of NiS cooperate with Ti3C2T
x
MXene promote multichannel electron transfer in Ti3C2T
x
MXene@In2S3-NiS hybrids to improve the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) efficiency by 41 times compared to the bare In2S3. These results enlighten the engineering of the spatial transfer of photoinduced electrons to the reactive sites toward boosting the efficiency of photocatalytic HER.
Synthesis and electromagnetic characteristics of MnFe2O4/TiO2 composite material
Authors: Jiang Fei , Wei Xiaoxiao , Zheng Ji 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The development of absorbing materials with a wide frequency band is still challenging. Here we successfully fabricated the MnFe2O4/TiO2 composite powder through the micro-emulsion method. We characterized the phase structures, morphologies, particle size, and chemical compositions of MnFe2O4/TiO2 composite powders, and measured the microwave absorption capacity as well. The MnFe2O4/TiO2 composite powders present a coating structure. The microwave absorption test revealed that the maximum microwave loss reaches −38.6 dB at a thickness of 3.05 mm and the corresponding bandwidth is about 4 GHz in the ranges from 7.8 to11.4 GHz. The excellent performance is attributed to the high surface area endowed by the coating structure. This research provided an alternative route for the preparation of high bandwidth electromagnetic wave absorbing materials.
Financing governance beyond the state: Informal revenue generation in south-central Somalia
Authors: van den Boogaard Vanessa , Santoro Fabrizio 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Individuals in low-income countries often contribute significantly to financing local public goods through informal taxation. However, there is limited understanding of how informal revenue generation relates to formal tax and governing institutions. We explore the relationship between informal revenue generation, public finance, and the state in the Gedo region in south-central Somalia, relying on original data from surveys with 2,300 households and 117 community leaders. Our evidence shows that informal revenue generation by non-armed actors in Gedo is prevalent, with informal payments deeply embedded within clan-based and Islamic institutions and rooted in a long history of decentralized political authority and self-reliance in the region. We argue that in such a context, rather than explaining how or why things ‘work’ outside of the state, it may be more relevant and valuable to consider decentralized non-state public authority as the default referent, with a need only to explain the puzzle of pockets of state effectiveness. Governance largely operates outside the state, with citizens playing a pivotal role in directly financing local governance institutions and public goods provision. These findings have important implications for our understanding of statehood and public finance in contexts of weak formal institutions.
CReSIL: accurate identification of extrachromosomal circular DNA from long-read sequences
Authors: Wanchai Visanu , Jenjaroenpun Piroon , Leangapichart Thongpan , Arrey Gerard , Burnham Charles M , Tümmler Maria C , Delgado-Calle Jesus , Regenberg Birgitte , Nookaew Intawat 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) of chromosomal origin is found in many eukaryotic species and cell types, including cancer, where eccDNAs with oncogenes drive tumorigenesis. Most studies of eccDNA employ short-read sequencing for their identification. However, short-read sequencing cannot resolve the complexity of genomic repeats, which can lead to missing eccDNA products. Long-read sequencing technologies provide an alternative to constructing complete eccDNA maps. We present a software suite, Construction-based Rolling-circle-amplification for eccDNA Sequence Identification and Location (CReSIL), to identify and characterize eccDNA from long-read sequences. CReSIL’s performance in identifying eccDNA, with a minimum F1 score of 0.98, is superior to the other bioinformatic tools based on simulated data. CReSIL provides many useful features for genomic annotation, which can be used to infer eccDNA function and Circos visualization for eccDNA architecture investigation. We demonstrated CReSIL’s capability in several long-read sequencing datasets, including datasets enriched for eccDNA and whole genome datasets from cells containing large eccDNA products. In conclusion, the CReSIL suite software is a versatile tool for investigating complex and simple eccDNA in eukaryotic cells.
Exploring variation in surgical practice: does surgeon personality influence anastomotic decision-making?
Authors: Bisset Carly N , Ferguson Eamonn , MacDermid Ewan , Stein Sharon L , Yassin Nuha , Dames Nicola , Keller Deborah S , Oliphant Raymond , Parson Simon H , Cleland Jennifer , Moug Susan J 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Decision-making under uncertainty may be influenced by an individual’s personality. The primary aim was to explore associations between surgeon personality traits and colorectal anastomotic decision-making.

Methods
Colorectal surgeons worldwide participated in a two-part online survey. Part 1 evaluated surgeon characteristics using the Big Five Inventory to measure personality (five domains: agreeableness; conscientiousness; extraversion; emotional stability; openness) in response to scenarios presented in Part 2 involving anastomotic decisions (i.e. rejoining the bowel with/without temporary stomas, or permanent diversion with end colostomy). Anastomotic decisions were compared using repeated-measure ANOVA. Mean scores of traits domains were compared with normative data using two-tailed t tests.

Results
In total, 186 surgeons participated, with 127 surgeons completing both parts of the survey (68.3 per cent). One hundred and thirty-one surgeons were male (70.4 per cent) and 144 were based in Europe (77.4 per cent). Forty-one per cent (77 surgeons) had begun independent practice within the last 5 years. Surgeon personality differed from the general population, with statistically significantly higher levels of emotional stability (3.25 versus 2.97 respectively), lower levels of agreeableness (3.03 versus 3.74), extraversion (2.81 versus 3.38) and openness (3.19 versus 3.67), and similar levels of conscientiousness (3.42 versus 3.40 (all P &lt;0.001)). Female surgeons had significantly lower levels of openness (P &lt;0.001) than males (3.06 versus 3.25). Personality was associated with anastomotic decision-making in specific scenarios.

Conclusion
Colorectal surgeons have different personality traits from the general population. Certain traits seem to be associated with anastomotic decision-making but only in specific scenarios. Further exploration of the association of personality, risk-taking, and decision-making in surgery is necessary.
Healthcare organization policy recommendations for the governance of surgical innovation: review of NHS policies
Authors: Cousins Sian , Richards Hollie S , Zahra Jez , Robertson Harry , Mathews Johnny A , Avery Kerry N L , Elliott Daisy , Blencowe Natalie S , Main Barry , Hinchliffe Robert , Clarke Adrian , Blazeby Jane 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
The governance for introducing innovative surgical procedures/devices differs from the research requirements needed for new drugs. New invasive procedures/devices may be offered to patients outside of research protocols with local organization oversight alone. Such institutional arrangements exist in many countries and written policies provide guidance for their use, but little is known about their scope or standards.

Methods
One hundred and fifty acute NHS trusts in England and seven health boards in Wales were systematically approached for information about their policies. A modified framework approach was used to analyse when policies considered new procedures/devices to be within local organization remit and/or requiring research ethics committee (REC) approval.

Results
Of 113 policies obtained, 109 and 34 described when local organization and REC approval was required, respectively. Procedures/devices being used for the first time in the organization (n = 69) or by a clinician (n = 67) were commonly within local remit, and only 36 stated that evidence was required. Others stated limited evidence as a rationale for needing REC approval (n = 13). External guidance categorizing procedures as ‘research only’ was the most common reason for gaining REC approval (n = 15). Procedures/devices with uncertain outcomes (n = 28), requiring additional training (n = 26), and not previously used (n = 6) were within the remit of policies, while others recommended REC application in these situations (n = 5, 2 and 7, respectively).

Conclusion
This study on NHS policies for surgical innovation shows variability in the introduction of procedures/devices in terms of local oversight and/or need for REC approval. Current NHS standards allow untested innovations to occur without the safety of research oversight and thus a standard approach is urgently needed.
Development and external validation of DISPAIR fistula risk score for clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula risk after distal pancreatectomy
Authors: Bonsdorff Akseli , Ghorbani Poya , Helanterä Ilkka , Tarvainen Timo , Kontio Tea , Belfrage Hanna , Sirén Jukka , Kokkola Arto , Sparrelid Ernesto , Sallinen Ville 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Highly utilized risk scores for clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF) have guided clinical decision-making in pancreatoduodenectomy. However, none has been successfully developed for distal pancreatectomy. This study aimed to develop and validate a new fistula risk score for distal pancreatectomy.

Methods
Patients undergoing distal pancreatectomy at Helsinki University Hospital, Finland from 2013 to 2021, and at Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden, from 2010 to 2020, were included retrospectively. The outcome was CR-POPF, according to the 2016 International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery definition. Preoperative clinical demographics and radiological parameters such as pancreatic thickness and duct diameter were measured. A logistic regression model was developed, internally validated with bootstrapping, and the performance assessed in an external validation cohort.

Results
Of 668 patients from Helsinki (266) and Stockholm (402), 173 (25.9 per cent) developed CR-POPF. The final model consisted of three variables assessed before surgery: transection site (neck versus body/tail), pancreatic thickness at transection site, and diabetes. The model had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.904 (95 per cent c.i. 0.855 to 0.949) after internal validation, and 0.798 (0.748 to 0.848) after external validation. The calibration slope and intercept on external validation were 0.719 and 0.192 respectively. Four risk groups were defined in the validation cohort for clinical applicability: low (below 5 per cent), moderate (at least 5 but below 30 per cent), high (at least 30 but below 75 per cent), and extreme (75 per cent or more). The incidences in these groups were 8.7 per cent (11 of 126), 22.0 per cent (36 of 164), 63 per cent (57 of 91), and 81 per cent (17 of 21) respectively.

Conclusion
The DISPAIR score after distal pancreatectomy may guide decision-making and allow a risk-adjusted outcome comparison for CR-POPF.
Hypocalcaemia following thyroidectomy among patients who have previously undergone bariatric surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cleere Eoin F , Davey Matthew G , Crotty Thomas J , Young Orla , Lowery Aoife J , Kerin Michael J 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Hypocalcaemia is a common complication after thyroidectomy. Bariatric surgery is associated with significant changes in calcium metabolism. Some studies have identified bariatric surgery as a risk factor for hypocalcaemia after thyroidectomy. This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed whether a history of bariatric surgery was associated with an increased risk of hypocalcaemia after thyroidectomy.

Methods
This prospectively registered systematic review (PROSPERO; CRD42021295423) was performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Meta-analysis was undertaken using the Mantel–Haenszel method, with outcomes reported as ORs with 95 per cent confidence intervals.

Results
Twenty studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. Five studies incorporating 19 547 patients met the inclusion criteria for meta-analysis, of whom 196 (1.0 per cent) had a history of bariatric surgery. Patients with a history of bariatric surgery were more likely to develop hypocalcaemia after thyroidectomy (30.6 versus 13.0 per cent; OR 3.90, 95 per cent c.i. 1.50 to 10.12; P = 0.005). Among those with a history of bariatric surgery, patients who underwent a bypass procedure were more likely to develop hypocalcaemia after thyroidectomy than those who had a restrictive procedure (38 versus 23 per cent; OR 2.12, 1.14 to 3.97; P = 0.020).

Conclusion
Patients with a history of bariatric surgery have a significantly greater risk of hypocalcaemia after thyroidectomy, with a heightened risk among those who have had a bypass procedure. Surgeons performing thyroid surgery should be aware of the increased risk of hypocalcaemia after thyroidectomy among these patients.