bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacological Evaluation of Moringa oleifera on Collagen- Induced Arthritis in Rats
Authors: Mohan C. V. , Chatterjee Sandipan , Jha Deepak Kumar 
Published: November 2022

Background and Objective: Arthritis associated with oxidative stress and chronic inflammation has been a major health problem among the people worldwide. The present study was aimed to investigate the potential anti-arthritis activity of the methanolic extract of leaves of Moringa oleifera was evaluated on Collagen induced arthritis.
Study Design: In-vivo model.
Place and Duration of the Study: Department of pharmacology, Karnataka College of pharmacy, Bangalore India, between January to September 2022.
Methods: The study was to evaluate anti-arthritic activity of Moringa oleifera (MO) against auto-immune arthritis in Wistar rats, using collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model. Effect of the methanol extract of Moringa oleifera in inflammatory response during CIA was studied by measuring CRP, different cytokines in serum and assessment of arthritis index, footpad swelling. Level of CRP, LPO, NO and an enzymatic activity of SOD and CAT was determined to assess the effect of the Moringa oleifera extract in neutralizing oxidative stress during CIA. Histology of Synovial membrane experiment has been performed to determine whether Moringa oleifera has any impact on the changes in synovial tissue during CIA.
Results: Post oral administration of Moringa oleifera at 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight doses decreased the arthritic index and footpad swelling. Moringa oleifera administration diminished pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum. The concentrations of pro-inflammatory TNFa, TGF-beta, IFNg, and IL-6 were elevated in the serum of the rat challenged with, type II collagen as compared to the std. and MtEMO-fed groups. Treatment with MtEMO in CIA induced rat significantly decreased these cytokines in serum. Decreased the serum level LPO, NO content, and SOD activity along with concomitant rise in CAT with the treatment of MtEMO. In addition decreased CRP in serum was also observed. Serum concentration of CRP, the most common type of acute phase proteins was tested in our experiments and was found to be significantly attenuated in case of CIA rat treated with MtEMO. Protective effect of MtEMO in CIA group is further supported from histopathological studies which showed improvement during bone damage and also shown less inflamed, and lymphocyte accumulation, cartilage damage decreased and less disruption of the synovial lining cell layer.
Conclusion: Based on the results it can be concluded that the test drug Moringa oleifera is capable of regulating oxidative stress during CIA and therefore down regulated local and systemic release of pro-inflammatory mediators.
Gold‐Catalyzed CC Bond Formation Through CH Functionalization
Authors: Melot Romain , Praveen Chandrasekar , Michelet Véronique 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Selective carbon–carbon bond‐formation reactions are described via gold‐catalyzed CH bond activation. Gold catalysis has indeed emerged as an extraordinary tool for the scientific community. We disclose in this article selected and seminal examples implying the functionalization of alkynes, the C(sp
2
)H bonds, and the C(sp
3
)H bonds. In each section, the asymmetric versions and applications in the total synthesis are invoked, and we highlight the most recent examples described in the bibliography.
Ti3C2‐MXene Partially Derived Hierarchical 1D/2D TiO2/Ti3C2 Heterostructure Electrode for High‐Performance Capacitive Deionization
Authors: Liu Ningning , Yu Lanlan , Liu Baojun , Yu Fei , Li Liqing , Xiao Yi , Yang Jinhu , Ma Jie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractConstructing faradaic electrode with superior desalination performance is important for expanding the applications of capacitive deionization (CDI). Herein, a simple one‐step alkalized treatment for in situ synthesis of 1D TiO2 nanowires on the surface of 2D Ti3C2 nanosheets, forming a Ti3C2‐MXene partially derived hierarchical 1D/2D TiO2/Ti3C2 heterostructure as the cathode electrode is reported. Cross‐linked TiO2 nanowires on the surface help avoid layer stacking while acting as the protective layer against contact of internal Ti3C2 with dissolved oxygen in water. The inner Ti3C2 MXene nanosheets cross over the TiO2 nanowires can provide abundant active adsorption sites and short ion/electron diffusion pathways. . Density functional theory calculations demonstrated that Ti3C2 can consecutively inject electrons into TiO2, indicating the high electrochemical activity of the TiO2/Ti3C2. Benefiting from the 1D/2D hierarchical structure and synergistic effect of TiO2 and Ti3C2, TiO2/Ti3C2 heterostructure presents a favorable hybrid CDI performance, with a superior desalination capacity (75.62 mg g−1), fast salt adsorption rate (1.3 mg g−1 min−1), and satisfactory cycling stability, which is better than that of most published MXene‐based electrodes. This study provides a feasible partial derivative strategy for construction of a hierarchical 1D/2D heterostructure to overcome the restrictions of 2D MXene nanosheets in CDI.
Development of modelling and mapping methods to predict spatial distributions and abundance of estuarine and coastal fish species life‐stages in Florida
Authors: Rubec Peter J. , Santi Christine E. , Ault Jerald S. , Monaco Mark E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSuitability modelling and mapping methods were developed to predict spatial distributions and population abundance of fish and macroinvertebrate species in Florida estuaries and coastal zones. Habitats were mapped in Pensacola Bay, Tampa Bay, and Charlotte Harbor using data from fisheries‐independent monitoring. Starting in 1997, suitability functions from habitat suitability index models were linked to habitat grids to create seasonal maps for early‐juvenile, juvenile, and adult life‐stages. After 2003, habitat suitability models (HSM) were linked to seasonal habitat grids to create seasonal maps validated by reciprocal transfer of suitability functions between estuaries. A quantitative method was used with five factor models and models with fewer environmental factors for four species in 2005 and for 11 species by life‐stages in 2009. In 2006, suitability functions transferred from Charlotte Harbor were linked with habitat grids for Rookery Bay and Fakahatchee Bay and HSM maps produced for three time periods to test transferability to estuaries lacking long‐term monitoring. Analyses in 2012 demonstrated that HSM maps for Tampa Bay derived independently from earlier suitability functions were almost identical to HSM maps created using recent suitability functions. Salinity was the most significant environmental variable for predicting abundance in models for species life‐stages in the Peace River and Charlotte Harbor, although nutrient concentrations from upriver may have influenced species’ abundances associated with low (<5 psu) to moderate (5–10 psu) salinities. Population abundance estimates for Charlotte Harbor were derived from seasonal HSM maps created in 2019 and 2021. The 2021 paper compared changes in seasonal population numbers between Baseline and Minimum Flows associated with projected water withdrawals from the Peace River. Electronic logbooks were developed in 2001 and 2004 to collect data on shrimp fishing vessels and HSM maps for the West Florida Shelf created for 16 months in 2004–2005. Methodologies evolved as enabling technology became available.
Long‐term changes in bone mineral density in postoperative patients with esophageal cancer
Authors: Sugase Takahito , Sugimura Keijiro , Kanemura Takashi , Takeoka Tomohira , Yamamoto Masaaki , Shinno Naoki , Hara Hisashi , Omori Takeshi , Yasui Masayoshi , Miyata Hiroshi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to investigate long‐term changes in bone mineral density (BMD) after esophagectomy, identify the risk factors for postoperative osteoporosis in patients with esophageal cancer and survival outcomes related to osteoporosis.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated BMD changes for 197 consecutive patients with thoracic esophageal cancer who were disease‐free for 5 years after radical esophagectomy. Osteoporosis was diagnosed using computed tomography with an L1 attenuation threshold of ≤110 HU. Survival analysis was performed on 381 consecutive patients with 5‐year follow‐up after radical esophagectomy.ResultsBMD decreased annually after esophagectomy. The median attenuation (HU) was 134.2 before surgery and 135.2, 127.4, 123.3, 115.2, 105.6, and 102.4 at 6 months and 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years after surgery, respectively. Osteoporosis was diagnosed in 25.9% patients before surgery and 23.3%, 29.4%, 40.1%, 46.7%, 54.8%, and 60.4% patients with osteoporosis were observed at 6 months and 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years after surgery, respectively. Postoperative BMD did not decrease in patients aged ≤54 years, those who had never been smokers, and those with no weight loss after esophagectomy. Multivariate analysis identified that age (≥65 years) at surgery and smoking history were independent risk factors for osteoporosis at 5 years after esophagectomy. Patients with preoperative osteoporosis tended to have worse prognosis in disease‐free survival and overall survival than those without osteoporosis, who were more likely to die due to non‐esophageal cancer.ConclusionEsophageal cancer survivors are more likely to develop osteoporosis after esophagectomy, and preoperative osteoporosis might be associated with prognosis.
Mechanical and oral antibiotics bowel preparation for elective rectal cancer surgery: A propensity score matching analysis using a nationwide inpatient database in Japan
Authors: Oba Takuya , Sato Norihiro , Otani Makoto , Muramatsu Keiji , Fushimi Kiyohide , Nagata Jun , Torigoe Takayuki , Shibao Kazunori , Matsuda Shinya , Hirata Keiji 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimThe best bowel preparation method for rectal surgery remains controversial. In this study we compared the efficacy and safety of mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) alone and MOABP (MBP combined with oral antibiotic bowel preparation [OABP]) for rectal cancer surgery.MethodsIn this retrospective study we analyzed data from the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination (DPC) database on 37 291 patients who had undergone low anterior resection for rectal cancer from 2014 to 2017. Propensity score matching analysis was used to compare postoperative outcomes between MBP alone and MOABP.ResultsA total of 37 291 patients were divided into four groups: MBP alone: 77.7%, no bowel preparation (NBP): 16.9%, MOABP: 4.7%, and OABP alone: 0.7%. In propensity score matching analysis with 1756 pairs, anastomotic leakage (4.84% vs 7.86%, P < 0.001), small bowel obstruction (1.54% vs 3.08%, P = 0.002) and reoperation (3.76% vs 5.98%, P = 0.002) were less in the MOABP group than in the MBP group. The mean duration of postoperative antibiotics medication was shorter in the MOABP group (5.2 d vs 7.5 d, P < 0.001) than in the MBP group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the incidence of Clostridium difficile (CD) colitis (0.40% vs 0.68%, P = 0.250) and methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colitis (0.11% vs 0.17%, P = 0.654). There was no significant difference in in‐hospital mortality between the two groups (0.00% vs 0.11% respectively, P = 0.157).ConclusionMOABP for rectal surgery is associated with a decreased incidence of postoperative complications without increasing the incidence of CD colitis and MRSA colitis.
Adiposity in the older population and the risk of dementia: The Rotterdam Study
Authors: Mooldijk Sanne S. , de Crom Tosca O. E. , Ikram M. Kamran , Ikram M. Arfan , Voortman Trudy 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionWe determined associations of total and regional adiposity with incident dementia among older adults.MethodsWithin the population‐based Rotterdam Study, adiposity was measured as total, android, and gynoid fat mass using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry in 3408 men and 4563 women, every 3 to 6 years between 2002 and 2016. Incident dementia was recorded until 2020.ResultsHigher adiposity measures were associated with a decreased risk of dementia in both sexes. After excluding the first 5 years of follow‐up, only the association of gynoid fat among women remained significant (hazard ratio 0.85 [95% confidence interval 0.75–0.97] per standard deviation increase). No major differences in trajectories of adiposity measures were observed between dementia cases and dementia‐free controls.DiscussionHigher total and regional fat mass related to a decreased risk of dementia. These results may be explained by reverse causality, although a protective effect of adiposity cannot be excluded.Highlights
Total and regional adiposity were assessed using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry scans in 7971 older adults.
All adiposity measures were associated with a decreased risk of dementia.
The results suggest a beneficial effect of gynoid fat on the risk of dementia in women.
Reverse causation and competing risk may explain these inverse associations.
Midazolam alleviates cellular senescence in SH‐SY5Y neuronal cells in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Wang Ping , Wang Peipei , Luan Hengfei , Wu Yong , Chen Ying 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlzheimer's disease (AD) impacts the daily life of aging people. Oligomerized amyloid β (Aβ)‐associated neuronal senescence is involved in the pathological mechanism of AD. Blockage of neuronal senescence has been considered an important strategy for the treatment of AD. Midazolam is a hypnotic‐sedative drug with pleiotropic properties.AimsHowever, the effects of Midazolam in oligomerized Aβ1.42‐induced neurotoxicity have not been reported previously. Here, we investigate whether Midazolam possesses a beneficial effect against oligomerized Aβ1.42 in SH‐SY5Y neuronal cells.Materials and MethodsCellular senescence was assessed using senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase staining. Telomerase activity was measured using the TeloTAGGG Telomerase PCR ELISA.ResultsFirst, the lactate dehydrogenase release assay demonstrates that 10 and 20 µM are the optimal concentrations of Midazolam used for cell cultures. Senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase staining results indicate that exposure to oligomerized Aβ1.42 significantly increased cellular senescence of SH‐SY5Y cells, but it was significantly alleviated by Midazolam. Additionally, Midazolam restored the oligomerized Aβ1.42‐induced reduction of telomerase activity. Interestingly, we found that oligomerized Aβ1.42 remarkably reduced human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene expression but increased the telomeric repeat‐binding factor 2 (TERF2) expression. However, treatment with Midazolam reversed the effects of oligomerized Aβ1.42 on the hTERT and TERF2 gene expressions. Importantly, the presence of Midazolam attenuated Aβ1.42‐induced p53 and p21 expressions. Mechanistically, Midazolam repressed the level of cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) and the release of prostaglandin E2. Importantly, overexpression of COX‐2 abolished the impact of Midazolam against oligomerized Aβ1.42 in neuronal senescence.ConclusionWe conclude that the usage of Midazolam is a potential treatment strategy for AD.
Transmission of poly(dT60) single‐stranded DNA through polycarbonate track‐etched ultrafiltration membranes
Authors: Alavijeh Hossein Nouri , Baltus Ruth E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe objective of this study was to examine membrane filtration of a single stranded DNA (ssDNA) with 60 thymine nucleotides, and to elucidate the variables controlling its transmission across track‐etched porous membranes. Dead end filtration measurements were performed using different pore size membranes (10, 15, and 30 nm) at different transmembrane pressures in solutions with ionic strength ranging from 0 to 1000 mM NaCl. The diffusivity of the ssDNA was determined using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, yielding hydrodynamic radii ranging from 1.6 to 2.8 nm, with values decreasing with increasing solution ionic strength. Despite the small ssDNA/membrane pore size, nearly 100% rejection was observed for measurements performed with the 10 and 15 nm pore size membranes under low‐ionic strength conditions. These high rejections can be attributed to strong repulsive electrostatic ssDNA‐membrane interactions. With increasing ionic strength, electrostatic interactions as well as the effective size of the ssDNA decreases and the flexibility of the ssDNA increases, leading to a reduction in ssDNA rejection. A design of experiments approach was used to plan filtration experiments that adequately covered the variable space with a manageable number of experiments. The results yielded an empirical expression relating ssDNA rejection to pore size, solution ionic strength and transmembrane pressure. There was evidence of flow induced elongation at high‐transmembrane pressures in the 30 nm pore size membranes, but not in the smaller pore size membranes. These results are consistent with critical flux estimates developed using a free draining model for the ssDNA.
Long‐term efficacy of no‐touch radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of single small hepatocellular carcinoma: A single center long‐term follow‐up study
Authors: Wu Guodong , Li Jing , Li Changfeng , Ou Xia , Feng Kai , Xia Feng , Chen Zhiyu , Zhang Leida , Ma Kuansheng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the long‐term efficacy of no‐touch radiofrequency ablation (NT‐RFA) for treating single hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) less than 3 cm.MethodsA total of 331 patients with HCC less than 3 cm undergoing RFA in Southwest Hospital from 2015 to 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. All patients were divided into NT‐RFA group (n = 113) and conventional RFA (C‐RFA) group (n = 218). The survival rate, local tumor progression (LTP) and intrahepatic distant recurrence (IDR) of the two groups were calculated and compared.ResultsA significant difference was observed in ablation range (p = 0.000) and safety margin (p = 0.000) between the two groups. The 1‐, 2‐, 3‐, 4‐and 5‐year overall survival (OS) rates in NT‐RFA and C‐RFA group were 99.12%, 93.73%, 76.18%, 57.00%, 45.17% and 99.08%, 89.91%, 71.26%, 54.28%, 41.77%, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.281). The 1‐, 2‐, 3‐, 4‐and 5‐year recurrence‐free survival (RFS) rates in NT‐RFA and C‐RFA group were 78.51%, 52.59%, 41.02%, 34.36%, 30.92% and 68.81%, 44.95%, 30.88%, 23.73%, 22.88%, respectively. The two groups differed significantly (p = 0.044). The 1‐, 3‐and 5‐year LTP‐free survival rates in NT‐RFA and C‐RFA group were 87.12%, 74.99%, 72.32% and 75.75%, 65.52%, 65.52%, respectively. The two groups also differed significantly (p = 0.024). Furthermore, the RFS rates of D ≤ 2 cm subgroups in NT‐RFA and C‐RFA groups differed significantly (p = 0.037), while the RFS rates of 2 cm < D ≤ 3 cm subgroups in two groups showed no significant difference (p = 0.578).ConclusionsThe RFS rates of single HCC less than 3 cm treated by NT‐RFA was significantly higher than that of C‐RFA. Due to a larger ablation range and safety margin, NT‐RFA could significantly reduce LTP and improve RFS. Dual‐electrode NT‐RFA can significantly improve the RFS rate of patients with HCC less than 2 cm, but there is no obvious advantage compared with C‐RFA in the treatment of HCC over 2 cm.
When ingroup identities “clash”: The influence of beliefs about incompatibilities between being a Christian and a drinker affect motivation to change drinking behaviour
Authors: Frings Daniel , Albery Ian P. , Kim Anne 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWhilst research has demonstrated the influence of individual and social identities on drinking‐related beliefs and behaviours, none evaluates how identities' incompatibilities are associated with mental health, current drinking status nor intentions, and motivations to change drinking behaviour. The current study explored how variability in incompatibilities between the social identities of being a drinker and a Christian related to mental health, alcohol use behaviour, and intentions to change drinking behaviour. A cross‐sectional online survey (via a recruitment platform, Prolific) recruited n = 180 US resident Christians who drank alcohol (56.4% male, 46.6% female, mean age = 37 years). Increased incompatibility between identities moderated the effect of current Christian identity on drinking change motivations—with the strongest links amongst those with the highest levels of incompatibility. A similar effect was also shown for increasing incompatibility between perceptions of the self as an individual and drinking behaviour (self/drinker incompatibility). The relationship between Christian identity on current drinking behaviour was also shown to be moderated by decreased Christian/drinker identity incompatibility but not self/drinker incompatibility. No relationships were identified for general mental well‐being. The study highlights that differences in the protective role of religious identities likely depend on how they relate to others, and the key role of identity incompatibility.
Environmental mastery and purpose of life during COVID‐19‐related lockdown: A study deepening the role of personal and community resilience
Authors: Procentese Fortuna , Gatti Flora 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCOVID‐19 outbreak and the measures needed to contain its first wave of contagion produced broad changes in citizens' daily lives, routines, and social opportunities, putting their environmental mastery and purpose of life at risk. However, these measures produced different impacts across citizens and communities. Building on this, the present study addresses citizens' understanding of the rationale for COVID‐19‐related protective measures and their perception of their own and their community's resilience as protective dimensions to unravel the selective effect of nationwide lockdown orders. An online questionnaire was administered to Italian citizens during Italian nationwide lockdown. Two moderation models were performed using the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) path analysis. The results show that the understanding of the rationale for lockdown only associated with citizens' purpose of life and that it represented a risk factor rather than a protective one. Furthermore, the interaction effects were significant only when community resilience was involved. That is, personal resilience did not show the expected moderation effect, while community resilience did. However, the latter varied between being either full or partial depending on the dependent variable. In light of the above, the theoretical and practical implications of these results will be discussed.
Driving quality improvement with nudges: True interventions in cardiology
Authors: Seto Arnold H. 
Published: November 2022

Key Points
Quality improvement research brings evidence‐based interventions to clinical practice.
This single‐center study demonstrated that simple clinical guidelines, computer prompts, and education were able to reduce the duration of triple therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention.
Behavioral interventions are an important tool to drive clinical improvement but must be tailored to respect physician autonomy and professionalism.