bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interaction of Methylprednisolone and Transient Asphyxia on the Inner Ear of the Adrenalectomized Rat
Authors: Gerhardt Kenneth J. , Ma Yi Long , Rybak Leonard P. , Rarey Kyle E. 
Published: September 2022

Methylprednisolone has been shown clinically to have beneficial effects on certain types of hearing loss. In the current study, compound action potential (CAP) thresholds, endocochlear potentials (EPs), and potassium concentration (CK +) values in the endolymph were determined under conditions of transient asphyxia (45 seconds) and methylprednisolone treatment (24 hours) in bilateral adrenalectomized rats. Treatment with methylprednisolone significantly reduced the effect of transient asphyxia on CAP thresholds as compared with nontreated animals. Methylprednisolone did not alter the dramatic short‐term reduction in the EPs produced by anoxia. Potassium concentrations in treated adrenalectomized rats were significantly lower before transient asphyxia than in nontreated adrenalectomized rats. In the nontreated rats, transient asphyxia induced a reduction in CK + levels that was not seen in the methylprednisolone‐treated animals. The data support the clinical application of methylprednisolone for certain forms of hearing loss and for potassium imbalance in the endolymph.
Tracheostomy for Long‐Term Laryngeal Experimentation
Authors: Dahm J. David , Paniello Randal C. 
Published: September 2022

To perform laryngeal research involving long‐term survival surgery, a permanent tracheostomy is often necessary. For experiments using a long‐term induced canine phonation model, we required a tracheostomy that was placed as low as possible, to maximize the subglottic space superior to the stoma. The ideal experimental tracheostomy would also be safe and easy to perform, require no tracheostomy tube, and be low maintenance, requiring minimal cleaning or suctioning. Tracheostomies were performed in 37 dogs based on previously published methods. If the stoma was placed below the twelfth tracheal ring, the perioperative mortality rate was 57% because of kinking of the trachea and subsequent airway obstruction. When the tracheostomy was performed above this level, the mortality rate was reduced to 3%. A number of significant modifications in technique were made to achieve this improvement and resulted in the last 12 dogs having no complications. Several of the tracheostomies were maintained for more than 18 months. The method derived meets the above criteria for the ideal experimental tracheostomy and also meets our needs for a long‐term induced phonation model.
No increased inbreeding avoidance during the ovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle
Authors: Holzleitner Iris J. , Driebe Julie C. , Arslan Ruben C. , Hahn Amanda C. , Lee Anthony J. , O'Shea Kieran J. , Gerlach Tanja M. , Penke Lars , Jones Benedict C. , DeBruine Lisa M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Mate preferences and mating-related behaviors are hypothesized to change over the menstrual cycle to increase reproductive fitness. Recent large-scale studies suggest that previously reported hormone-linked behavioral changes are not robust. The proposal that women's preference for associating with male kin is down-regulated during the ovulatory (high-fertility) phase of the menstrual cycle to reduce inbreeding has not been tested in large samples. Consequently, we investigated the relationship between longitudinal changes in women's steroid hormone levels and their perceptions of faces experimentally manipulated to possess kinship cues (Study 1). Women viewed faces displaying kinship cues as more attractive and trustworthy, but this effect was not related to hormonal proxies of conception risk. Study 2 employed a daily diary approach and found no evidence that women spent less time with kin generally or with male kin specifically during the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle. Thus, neither study found evidence that inbreeding avoidance is up-regulated during the ovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle.
An assessment of hydrogen sulfide intrusion in the seagrass Halodule wrightii
Authors: Rubiano-Rincon Sebastian , Larkin Patrick D. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S, “sulfide”) is a naturally occurring component of the marine sediment. Eutrophication of coastal waters, however, can lead to an excess of sulfide production that can prove toxic to seagrasses. We used stable sulfur isotope ratio (δ34S) measurements to assess sulfide intrusion in the seagrass Halodule wrightii, a semi-tropical species found throughout the Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, and both western and eastern Atlantic coasts. We found a gradient in δ34S values (−5.58 ± 0.54‰+13.58 ± 0.30‰) from roots to leaves, in accordance with prior observations and those from other species. The results may also represent the first values reported for H. wrightii rhizome tissue. The presence of sulfide-derived sulfur in varying proportions (15–55%) among leaf, rhizome, and root tissues suggests H. wrightii is able to assimilate sedimentary H2S into non-toxic forms that constitute a significant portion of the plant’s total sulfur content.
A multi-purposed unsupervised framework for comparing embeddings of undirected and directed graphs
Authors: Kamiński Bogumił , Kraiński Łukasz , Prałat Paweł , Théberge François 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGraph embedding is a transformation of nodes of a network into a set of vectors. A good embedding should capture the underlying graph topology and structure, node-to-node relationship, and other relevant information about the graph, its subgraphs, and nodes themselves. If these objectives are achieved, an embedding is a meaningful, understandable, and often compressed representation of a network. Unfortunately, selecting the best embedding is a challenging task and very often requires domain experts. In this paper, we extend the framework for evaluating graph embeddings that was recently introduced in [15]. Now, the framework assigns two scores, local and global, to each embedding that measure the quality of an evaluated embedding for tasks that require good representation of local and, respectively, global properties of the network. The best embedding, if needed, can be selected in an unsupervised way, or the framework can identify a few embeddings that are worth further investigation. The framework is flexible and scalable and can deal with undirected/directed and weighted/unweighted graphs.
Left atrial thrombosis with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in children with immunodeficiency
Authors: Yun Kyoung Sung , Kwon Hye Won , Kwak Jae Gun , Park June Dong , Koh Jaemoon 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInvasive aspergillosis is a major cause of infectious disease in immunocompromised patients; however, cardiac involvement in pulmonary aspergillosis is not well-known. Two paediatric patients undergoing chemotherapy were diagnosed with cardiac aspergilloma, accompanied by pulmonary aspergillosis. In both patients, antibiotic and antifungal treatments were initiated immediately after the pneumonia was diagnosed; however, both died of multiple cerebral thromboembolisms.
The MITRIS RESILIA mitral valve is a safe and effective option for mitral valve replacement in young patients requiring mitral valve replacement
Authors: Heye Thomas , Reemtsen Brian , Greiten Lawrence 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe report the first successful implantation in the United States of a novel mitral valve (MITRIS RESILIA by Edwards Lifesciences) in a patient with history of mitral valve replacement at a young age. This new bioprosthetic valve offers a unique profile and innovative option for mitral valve replacement in patients who are at risk of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction.
Predictors of increased postoperative length of stay after complete atrioventricular canal repair
Authors: Habermann Alyssa C. , Meza James M. , Dischinger Ashley N. , Kang Lillian , Prabhu Neel K. , Benkert Abigail R. , Turek Joseph W. , Andersen Nicholas D. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground:The optimal timing of surgical repair for infants with complete atrioventricular canal defect remains controversial, as there are risks to both early and late repair. We address this debate by investigating the association of various risk factors, including age and weight at surgery, markers of failure to thrive, and pulmonary vascular disease, with postoperative length of stay following complete atrioventricular canal repair.Methods:Infants who underwent repair of complete atrioventricular canal were identified from our institutional Society of Thoracic Surgeons Congenital Heart Surgery Database. Additional clinical data were collected from the electronic medical record. Descriptive statistics were computed. Associations between postoperative length of stay and covariates of interest were evaluated using linear regression with bootstrap aggregation.Results:From 2001 to 2020, 150 infants underwent isolated complete atrioventricular canal repair at our institution. Pre-operative failure to thrive and evidence of pulmonary disease were common. Surgical mortality was 2%. In univariable analysis, neither weight nor age at surgery were associated with mortality, postoperative length of stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, or post-operative severe valvular regurgitation. In multivariable analysis of demographic and preoperative clinical factors using bootstrap aggregation, increased postoperative length of stay was only significantly associated with previous pulmonary artery banding (33.9 day increase, p = 0.03) and preoperative use of supplemental oxygen (19.9 day increase, p = 0.03).Conclusions:Our analysis shows that previous pulmonary artery banding and preoperative use of supplemental oxygen were associated with increased postoperative length of stay after complete atrioventricular canal repair, whereas age and weight were not. These findings suggest operation prior to the onset of pulmonary involvement may be more important than reaching age or weight thresholds.
PONTRYAGIN DUALITY FOR VARIETIES OVER p-ADIC FIELDS
Authors: Geisser Thomas H. , Morin Baptiste 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe define cohomological complexes of locally compact abelian groups associated with varieties over p-adic fields and prove a duality theorem under some assumption. Our duality takes the form of Pontryagin duality between locally compact motivic cohomology groups.
Species Traits and Geomorphic Setting as Drivers of Global Soil Carbon Stocks in Seagrass Meadows
Authors: Kennedy H. , Pagès J. F. , Lagomasino D. , Arias‐Ortiz A. , Colarusso P. , Fourqurean J. W. , Githaiga M. N. , Howard J. L. , Krause‐Jensen D. , Kuwae T. , Lavery P. S. , Macreadie P. I. , Marbà N. , Masqué P. , Mazarrasa I. , Miyajima T. , Serrano O. , Duarte C. M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOur knowledge of the factors that can influence the stock of organic carbon (OC) that is stored in the soil of seagrass meadows is evolving, and several causal effects have been used to explain the variation of stocks observed at local to national scales. To gain a global‐scale appreciation of the drivers that cause variation in soil OC stocks, we compiled data on published species‐specific traits and OC stocks from monospecific and mixed meadows at multiple geomorphological settings. Species identity was recognized as an influential driver of soil OC stocks, despite their large intraspecific variation. The most important seagrass species traits associated with OC stocks were the number of leaves per seagrass shoot, belowground biomass, leaf lifespan, aboveground biomass, leaf lignin, leaf breaking force and leaf OC plus the coastal geomorphology of the area, particularly for lagoon environments. A revised estimate of the global average soil OC stock to 20 cm depth of 15.4 Mg C ha−1 is lower than previously reported. The largest stocks were still recorded in Mediterranean seagrass meadows. Our results specifically identify Posidonia oceanica from the Mediterranean and, more generally, large and persistent species as key in providing climate regulation services, and as priority species for conservation for this specific ecosystem service.
Impact of Resolution on the Representation of the Mean and Extreme Winds Along Nares Strait
Authors: Moore G. W. K. , Imrit A. A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNares Strait is the long and narrow strait bounded by steep topography that connects the Arctic Ocean's Lincoln Sea to the North Atlantic's Baffin Bay. The winds that blow along the strait play an important role in modulating ice and water exports from the Arctic Ocean as well as in helping to establish the Arctic's largest and most productive polynya that forms at its southern terminus. However, its remote location has limited our knowledge of the winds along the strait. Here we use weather station data from the region as well as two reanalyses and an operational analysis with nominal horizontal resolutions that vary from ∼30 to ∼2.5 km to characterize the wind field in the vicinity of the strait. The strait has a width that varies from ∼40 to ∼100 km and as such the wind field is typically ageostrophic and controlled by the pressure gradient in the along‐strait direction. We show that model resolution plays a role in the representation of both the mean and extreme winds along the strait through the ability to represent this ageostrophic flow. Higher windspeeds occur in the vicinity of Smith Sound and are associated with a left‐hand corner jet. Kane Basin, the widest section of the strait, is characterized by a gradient in windspeed with higher speeds in the center of the basin and lower winds in the eastern basin that is the result of sheltering by the steep topography of the upstream Washington Land peninsula.
On the Resolution of Triangular Meshes
Authors: Danilov S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIt is generally agreed that the resolution of a regular quadrilateral mesh is the side length of quadrilateral cells. There is less agreement on the resolution of triangular meshes, exacerbated by the fact that the numbers of edges or cells on triangular meshes are approximately three or two times larger than that of vertices. However, the geometrical resolution of triangular meshes, that is, maximum wavenumbers or smallest wavelengths that can be represented on such meshes, is a well defined quantity, known from solid state physics. These wavenumbers are related to a smallest common mesh cell (primitive unit cell), and the set of mesh translations that map it into itself. They do not depend on whether discrete degrees of freedom are placed on vertices, cells or edges. For equilateral triangles the smallest wavelength equals twice the triangle height. Resolutions of quadrilateral and triangular meshes approximately agree if they have the same numbers of vertices.
Backed‐Up, Saturated, and Stagnant: Effect of Milldams on Upstream Riparian Groundwater Hydrologic and Mixing Regimes
Authors: Sherman Melissa , Hripto Johanna , Peck Erin K. , Gold Arthur J. , Peipoch Marc , Imhoff Paul , Inamdar Shreeram 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHow milldams alter riparian hydrologic and groundwater mixing regimes is not well understood. Understanding the effects of milldams and their legacies on riparian hydrology is key to assessing riparian pollution buffering potential and for making appropriate watershed management decisions. We examined the spatiotemporal effects of milldams on groundwater gradients, flow directions, and mixing regime for two dammed sites on Chiques Creek, Pennsylvania (2.4 m tall milldam), and Christina River, Delaware (4 m tall dam), USA. Riparian groundwater levels were recorded every 30 min for multiple wells and transects. Groundwater mixing regime was characterized using 30‐min specific conductance data and selected chemical tracers measured monthly for about 2 years. Three distinct regimes were identified for riparian groundwaters—wet, dry, and storm. Riparian groundwater gradients above the dam were low but were typically from the riparian zone to the stream. These flow directions were reversed (stream to riparian) during dry periods due to riparian evapotranspiration losses and during peak stream flows. Longitudinal (parallel to the stream) riparian flow gradients and directions also varied across the hydrologic regimes. Groundwater mixing varied spatially and temporally between storms and seasons. Near‐stream groundwater was poorly flushed or mixed during storms whereas that in the adjacent swales revealed greater mixing. This differential groundwater behavior was attributed to milldam legacies that include: berm and swale topography that influenced the routing of surface waters, varying riparian legacy sediment depths and hydraulic conductivities, evapotranspiration losses from riparian vegetation, and runoff input from adjoining roads.
The resurrection of RIP kinase 1 as an early cell death checkpoint regulator—a potential target for therapy in the necroptosis era
Authors: Ju Eunjin , Park Kyeong Ah , Shen Han-Ming , Hur Gang Min 
Published: September 2022

AbstractReceptor-interacting serine threonine protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) has emerged as a central molecular switch in controlling the balance between cell survival and cell death. The pro-survival role of RIPK1 in maintaining cell survival is achieved via its ability to induce NF-κB-dependent expression of anti-apoptotic genes. However, recent advances have identified the pro-death function of RIPK1: posttranslational modifications of RIPK1 in the tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1)-associated complex-I, in the cytosolic complex-IIb or in necrosomes regulate the cytotoxic potential of RIPK1, forming an early cell death checkpoint. Since the kinase activity of RIPK1 is indispensable in RIPK3- and MLKL-mediated necroptosis induction, while it is dispensable in apoptosis, a better understanding of this early cell death checkpoint via RIPK1 might lead to new insights into the molecular mechanisms controlling both apoptotic and necroptotic modes of cell death and help develop novel therapeutic approaches for cancer. Here, we present an emerging view of the regulatory mechanisms for RIPK1 activity, especially with respect to the early cell death checkpoint. We also discuss the impact of dysregulated RIPK1 activity in pathophysiological settings and highlight its therapeutic potential in treating human diseases.
HMG20B stabilizes association of LSD1 with GFI1 on chromatin to confer transcription repression and leukemia cell differentiation block
Authors: Maiques-Diaz Alba , Nicosia Luciano , Basma Naseer J. , Romero-Camarero Isabel , Camera Francesco , Spencer Gary J. , Amaral Fabio M. R. , Simeoni Fabrizio , Wingelhofer Bettina , Williamson Andrew J. K. , Pierce Andrew , Whetton Anthony D. , Somervaille Tim C. P. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPharmacologic inhibition of LSD1 induces molecular and morphologic differentiation of blast cells in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients harboring MLL gene translocations. In addition to its demethylase activity, LSD1 has a critical scaffolding function at genomic sites occupied by the SNAG domain transcription repressor GFI1. Importantly, inhibitors block both enzymatic and scaffolding activities, in the latter case by disrupting the protein:protein interaction of GFI1 with LSD1. To explore the wider consequences of LSD1 inhibition on the LSD1 protein complex we applied mass spectrometry technologies. We discovered that the interaction of the HMG-box protein HMG20B with LSD1 was also disrupted by LSD1 inhibition. Downstream investigations revealed that HMG20B is co-located on chromatin with GFI1 and LSD1 genome-wide; the strongest HMG20B binding co-locates with the strongest GFI1 and LSD1 binding. Functional assays demonstrated that HMG20B depletion induces leukemia cell differentiation and further revealed that HMG20B is required for the transcription repressor activity of GFI1 through stabilizing LSD1 on chromatin at GFI1 binding sites. Interaction of HMG20B with LSD1 is through its coiled-coil domain. Thus, HMG20B is a critical component of the GFI1:LSD1 transcription repressor complex which contributes to leukemia cell differentiation block.
Unveiling caspase-2 regulation by non-coding RNAs
Authors: Zhao Yun , Dhani Shanel , Zhivotovsky Boris 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNon-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a group of RNA molecules, such as small nucleolar RNAs, circular RNAs (circRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs) and long-noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), that do not encode proteins. Although their biofunctions are not well-understood, many regulatory ncRNAs appear to be highly involved in regulating the transcription and translation of several genes that have essential biological roles including cell differentiation, cell death, metabolism, tumorigenesis and so on. A growing number of studies have revealed the associations between dysregulated ncRNAs and caspases involved in cell death in numerous human diseases. As one of the initiator and executor caspases, caspase-2 is the most evolutionally conserved caspase in mammals, exerting both apoptotic and non-apoptotic functions. A great deal of studies has shown the involvement of caspase-2 as a tumor suppressor in multiple oncogene-driven cancers, and yet a comprehensive understanding of its biological roles remains largely unknown. In this review, we highlight a compilation of studies focused on the interaction between caspase-2 and miRNAs/lncRNAs in the context of different diseases in order to deepen our knowledge on the regulatory biofunctions of caspase-2 and, furthermore, provide more insight into understanding the role that ncRNAs/caspase-2 axis plays in the development of human diseases.
TrkC, a novel prognostic marker, induces and maintains cell survival and metastatic dissemination of Ewing sarcoma by inhibiting EWSR1-FLI1 degradation
Authors: Kim Min Soo , Lee Won Sung , Lee Hanki , Jin Wook 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUpregulation of EWSR1-FLI1 expression has been associated with invasiveness, induced cell survival, metastatic dissemination, and acquisition of self-renewal traits in Ewing sarcoma (ES). Although existing evidence implies that TrkC expression is linked to the pathogenesis of other cancer types, its role and the mechanism behind its correlation with EWSR1-FLI1 in the pathogenesis of ES remain unclear. In this study, we uncovered a novel physiological role of TrkC as a key regulator of EWSR1-FLI1 involved in the survival and metastatic dissemination of ES. TrkC was observed to be frequently overexpressed in human metastatic ES cells in vitro and in vivo, facilitating enhanced survival, tumorigenicity, and metastasis of ES cells. TrkC-mediated metastasis of ES cells was induced by the inhibition of the proteasomal degradation of EWSR1-FLI1 via the TrkC/EWSR1-FLI1 complex, which subsequently enabled the induction of the target proteins, EGR2 and NKX2.2. Moreover, TrkC significantly inhibited tumor suppressor activity of TGF-β through reduction of the mRNA expression of one of its receptors, TGFBR2 via TrkC-induced stabilization of EWSR1-FLI1. Furthermore, loss of TrkC expression inhibited tumor growth and metastasis in experimental mouse models. This study is the first to report the involvement and functional role of TrkC in the pathogenesis of ES, suggesting important implications for understanding the alterations of TrkC in Ewing tumors.