bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic monitoring serum tumor markers to predict molecular features of EGFR‐mutated lung cancer during targeted therapy
Authors: Chen Zhuxing , Liu Liping , Zhu Feng , Cai Xiuyu , Zhao Yi , Liang Peng , Ou Limin , Zhong Ran , Yu Ziwen , Li Caichen , Li Jianfu , Xiong Shan , Feng Yi , Cheng Bo , Liang Hengrui , Xie Zhanhong , Liang Wenhua , He Jianxing 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTo reveal the correlation of dynamic serum tumor markers (STMs) and molecular features of epidermal growth factor receptor‐mutated (EGFR‐mutated) lung cancer during targeted therapy, we retrospectively reviewed 303 lung cancer patients who underwent dynamic STM tests [neuron‐specific enolase (NSE), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), carbohydrate antigen 153 (CA153), the soluble fragment of cytokeratin 19 (CYFRA21‐1), and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC)] and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) testing with a panel covering 168 genes. At baseline, patients with EGFR mutation trended to have abnormal CEA, abnormal CA153, and normal SCC levels. Additionally, patients with Thr790Met (T790M) mutation were more likely to have abnormal CEA levels than patients without T790M mutation. Among patients with secondary resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), the dynamic STMs showed a descending trend in the responsive stage and a rising trend in the resistant stage. However, the changing slopes differed between T790M subgroup and the non‐T790M subgroup in individual STMs. Our study demonstrated that the combination of baseline levels and variations of STMs (including the responsive stage and resistant stage) can be suggestive of secondary EGFR‐T790M mutation [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.897] and that changing trends of STMs (within 8 weeks after initiating the TKI therapy) can be potential predictors for the clearance of EGFR ctDNA [AUC = 0.871]. In conclusion, dynamic monitoring STMs can help to predict the molecular features of EGFR‐mutated lung cancer during targeted therapy.
DIAPH3 is a prognostic biomarker and inhibit colorectal cancer progression through maintaining EGFR degradation
Authors: Huang Renli , Wu Cheng , Wen Jialing , Yu Jianyang , Zhu Huidong , Yu Jinlong , Zou Zhaowei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundActin cytoskeleton is connected with the processes of cell proliferation and migration in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, it is unknown how to accomplish these adjustments in CRC by actin cytoskeleton genes (ACGs) and here we investigated the role of hub prognosis‐related ACGs‐Diaphanous‐related formin 3 (DIAPH3) in CRC, as a potential, novel target.MethodsThe ACGs gene set from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) was used to group CRC patients and select prognosis‐related ACGs by univariate and multivariate Cox regression for constructing prognostic model. Next, we tested hub prognosis‐related ACGs‐ DIAPH3 expression in CRC and clarified the role of DIAPH3 by shRNA constructs in KM12 and SW480. Activation of EGFR was analyzed by western blot and immunofluorescence.ResultsThe results showed that actin cytoskeleton function is a significant prognostic factor for CRC patients and related to clinicopathological characteristics such as T stage and lymph node metastasis. A prognostic model constructed by four prognosis‐related ACGs has a moderate intensity to 1‐year Survival (AUC = 0.71). And hub prognosis‐related ACGs DIAPH3 is downregulated in CRC. Knockdown of DIAPH3 could promote the proliferation and migration capacity of CRC. In addition, DIAPH3‐silenced cells increase EGFR phosphorylation by inhibiting EGFR transportation to lysosome.ConclusionsACGs play a significant role in tumor invasion and have the potential to predict the prognosis of CRC. Prognosis‐related ACGs DIAPH3 might be a new prognostic biomarker and DIAPH3 could inhibit CRC progression through maintaining EGFR degradation.
A review of biologically active flavonoids as inducers of autophagy and apoptosis in neoplastic cells and as cytoprotective agents in non‐neoplastic cells
Authors: D'Arcy Mark S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPhytochemicals are a diverse group of compounds found in various fruits, vegetables, nuts, and legumes. Many phytochemicals have been observed to possess health benefits. Some have been found to be chemoprotective or can act as chemotherapeutics by inducing autophagy, apoptosis, or otherwise regulating the cell cycle. Many also act as potent antioxidants. Flavonoids are a subclass of bioactive phytochemicals consisting of two phenolic benzene rings, joined together by a heterocyclic pyran or pyrone. It has been observed in multiple studies that there is a correlation between diets rich in flavonoids and a reduction in cancer levels, heart disease, neurodegenerative diseases, and other pathologies. As foods containing flavonoids are widely consumed, and their mechanisms of action are still only partially understood, this review was compiled to compare the effects and mechanisms of action of some of the most widely characterized and publicized flavonoids. The flavonoids silibinin, quercetin, isorhamnetin, luteolin, curcumin genkwanin, and acacetin, together with flavonoid extracts from papaw and Tephroseris kirilowii (Turcz) Holub, a member of the Daisy family, were found to be potent regulators of the cell cycle. The decision to overview these specific flavonoids was based on their therapeutic effects, and/or their potential effects. The sparsity of data comparing these flavonoids was also a key consideration. These flavonoids all modulated to some extent the pathways of autophagy and/or apoptosis and regulated the cell cycle, inflammation, and free radical levels. This explains why they are protective of healthy or moderately damaged cells, but toxic to neoplastic or pre‐cancerous cells.
Missing data analysis with sufficient dimension reduction
Authors: Zheng Siming , Wan Alan T. K. , Zhou Yong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis article develops a two‐step procedure for estimating the unknown parameters in a model that contains a fixed but large number of covariates, more moment conditions than unknown parameters, and responses that are missing at random. We propose a sufficient dimension reduction method to be implemented in the first step and prove that the method is asymptotically valid. In the second step, we apply three well‐known missing data handling mechanisms together with the generalized method of moments to the reduced‐dimensional subspace to obtain estimates of unknown parameters. We investigate the theoretical properties of the proposed methods, including the effects of dimension reduction on the asymptotic distributions of the estimators. Our results refute a claim in an earlier study that dimension reduction yields the same asymptotic distributions of estimators as when the reduced‐dimensional structure is the true structure. We illustrate our method by way of a simulation study and a real clinical trial data example.
Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Gu Gaoyang , Wu Jing , Gao Xiaofei , Liu Meijun , Jin Chaolun , Xu Yizhou 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundCatheter ablation (CA) is an effective treatment for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The potential of CA to benefit AF patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is uncertain.HypothesisCA may be safe and effective for patients with HFpEF.MethodsThe Medline, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for studies evaluating CA for AF patients with HFpEF.ResultsA total of seven trials with 1696 patients were included. Pooled analyses demonstrated similar procedure and fluoroscopy time regarding the use of CA for patients with HFpEF and without HF (weighted mean difference [WMD]: 0.40; 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.01–0.81, p = .05 and [WMD: 0.05; 95% CI: −0.18–0.28, p = .68]). Moreover, CA was effective in maintaining sinus rhythm (SR) in patients with HFpEF and noninferior for patients without HF [risk ratio (RR): 0.92; 95% CI: 0.76–1.10, p = .34). Additionally, CA tended to significantly maintain SR (RR: 4.73; 95% CI: 1.86–12.03, p = .001) and reduce rehospitalization for HF compared with medical therapy (RR: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.19–0.71, p = .003). However, no significant differences were found between two groups regarding the mortality rate (p = .59).ConclusionCA is a potential treatment strategy for patients with HFpEF and demonstrates equivalent efficacy to that of patients without HF. Moreover, the benefits of CA in maintaining SR and reducing rehospitalization of HF patients were significantly better than those of medical therapy. Additional randomized controlled trials are warranted to confirm our results.
Primary chondrosarcomas of the larynx treated with proton radiotherapy: A single institutional experience
Authors: Mahase Sean S. , Singh Bhuvanesh , Wong Richard J. , Ganly Ian , Boyle Jay O. , Patel Snehal G. , Lee Nancy Y. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrimary laryngeal chondrosarcomas are rare entities whose excellent survival rates following resection promote conservative surgical approaches to maintain quality of life without compromising outcomes. There are excellent outcomes in skull base chondrosarcomas treated with maximal safe resection and post‐operative proton therapy. Extrapolating from these findings, we report our institutional experience treating symptomatic or growing laryngeal chondrosarcomas using proton beam therapy.CasesDemographic information, clinical characteristics, treatment details, and follow‐up data were collected and summarized. Patients were monitored with serial imaging and examination. Stable disease was defined as no progression of disease on imaging. Two patients underwent subtotal resections followed by post‐operative radiotherapy, while two patients received definitive radiotherapy. All patients are currently alive with stable disease at their last follow‐up.ConclusionThis case series provides initial evidence for excellent outcomes with maximal safe surgical resection followed by proton beam therapy for patients with symptomatic or growing laryngeal chondrosarcomas. Larger studies are warranted to determine the optimal therapeutic approach.
Pilot study on the applicability of boron‐doped diamond electrodes for tooth whitening
Authors: Klär Virgilia , Palarie Victor , Burkovski Andreas , Karl Matthias , Grobecker‐Karl Tanja 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesWhile various approaches are available for tooth whitening, the basic concept employs the use of peroxides in the form of gels, which are applied to tooth surfaces. Previous studies have shown that reactive oxygen species acting as potent disinfectants can be produced using boron‐doped diamond (BDD) electrodes for the electrolysis of water. With these electrodes being applicable, for example, for endodontic treatment, it was the goal of this pilot study to use such electrodes for tooth whitening.Material and MethodsTwo groups (n = 10) of intact clinical crowns were obtained by horizontally cutting off roots of extracted human teeth. The crowns were either bleached by applying a commercially available agent based on 40% hydrogen peroxide or were immersed in saline undergoing electrolysis with BDD electrodes. Whitening of specimens was judged on standardized photographs by examiners with three different levels of experience. Statistical analysis was based on Gwet's AC2 coefficient with quadratic weights, Shapiro–Wilk tests, and two‐way analysis of variance of aligned rank transformed data (level of significance set at α = .05).ResultsLevels of reliability ranging from fair to substantial were recorded for single persons while the level of reliability ranged between fair and moderate for groups of raters. The level of experience had no significant effect on the ratings (p = .2500). The bleaching method had a significant effect on ratings (p = .0005) with BDD electrodes showing less effect.ConclusionsBleaching by applying BDD electrodes was possible, but was not as effective as the use of commercially available in‐office whitening gel. A potential explanation may be seen in different concentrations of reactive oxygen species.
Research on aging state detection of reactor turn‐to‐turn insulation under high‐frequency square wave voltage excitation
Authors: Ma Li , Xie Fan , Zhang Bo , Qiu Dongyuan , Xiao Wenxun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn power electronic equipment, magnetic devices are important parts, and their working condition and reliability are closely related to turn‐to‐turn insulation. With the increasing application of high‐frequency square wave voltage in the fields of frequency conversion technology and motor control, the high voltage stress on magnetic devices will accelerate insulation aging, so it is necessary to monitor the aging state of turn‐to‐turn insulation. At present, researchers mainly detect insulation aging by detecting partial discharge signal. However, this method cannot realize the early monitoring of aging, and the measurement cost is high and the accuracy is low. Therefore, for the dry‐type core reactor with epoxy resin as the insulation medium, this paper proposes a turn‐to‐turn insulation aging state detection method under high‐frequency square wave voltage excitation. According to the relationship between the turn‐to‐turn insulation aging state of the reactor and its parasitic capacitance, the turn‐to‐turn insulation aging degree of the reactor is predicted by measuring and analyzing the phase information of high‐frequency components of the current signal. Finally, the measuring principle and method are introduced and verified by experiments.
A power‐line communication system employing median filtering for power control enhancement of wind generators
Authors: Pereira Samuel C. , Conde Eliomar R. , Luz‐de‐Almeida Luiz A. , Filho Alfeu J. Sguarezi , Capovilla Carlos E. , Casella Ivan R. S. 
Published: May 2022

SummaryThe monitoring and control of renewable energy sources are extremely important to guarantee the operability of the system and the quality of the energy generated. Communication technologies play an important role in the success of these systems and, among them, power‐line communication (PLC) has shown itself to be a very promising and economically viable solution, as it uses the existing power infrastructure to transmit the monitoring and control information. In this context, this paper proposes a communication system based on the G3‐PLC standard associated with a median filter (MDF) to improve the robustness of the control operation of a wind power generation system (WPGS) composed of a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) and a predictive controller. The MDF is employed to attenuate impulsive noise and distortions, caused by the degrading effects of the PLC channel, being possible to recover corrupted control information without the need to retransmit data packets. The complete system, that is, WPGS, G3‐PLC, and MDF, was modeled in a computational environment and analyzed over a realistic PLC channel model. Simulation results showed that the system is capable of operating with good quality, reducing latency, and enabling real‐time communication even under severe channel conditions.
Incarceration of a colonoscope in an inguinal hernia: A report of two cases
Authors: Abe Yuno , Ohya Yuki , Nakahara Osamu , Chiyonaga Suguru , Maeda Yuto , Ichikawa Ryo , Imamura Miyuki , Yamabe Satoshi , Morinaga Takeshi , Tsuji Akira , Hayashida Shintaro , Iizaka Masayoshi , Sasaki Masato , Inomata Yukihiro 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe report two cases of the rare complication of a colonoscope incarcerated in an inguinal hernia. The first patient was a 73‐year‐old man in whom a colonoscope was incarcerated in a left inguinal hernia on attempted withdrawal. The incarcerated colonoscope was successfully reduced manually under fluoroscopic guidance. The hernia was subsequently repaired using an extraperitoneal approach followed by a successful colonoscopy. The second patient was a 74‐year‐old man in whom the colonoscope became incarcerated in a left inguinal hernia on insertion. Similar to the first case, the colonoscope was manually reduced under fluoroscopy and the entire colonoscopy was then uneventfully performed. An advanced sigmoid cancer was identified and treated with sigmoidectomy. The hernia resolved after this operation. When a colonoscope becomes incarcerated in an inguinal hernia, the manual reduction should be attempted. Subsequent colonoscopy can be safely performed under certain circumstances.
Crop performance is predicted by soil microbial diversity across phylogenetic scales
Authors: Lankau Richard A. , George Isabelle , Miao Max 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSoils contain diverse living communities that provide key ecosystem functions in agroecosystems. In many systems, ecosystem functions are positively related to the taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity of the community. Despite calls to incorporate microbial diversity in measures of soil health, whether increased microbial diversity per se can predict increased crop health and productivity has rarely been documented. Here, we used microbial communities from commercial potato fields varying in diversity and composition, and experimentally assessed their ability to promote crop yield under low or high nutrient conditions and to suppress a soil‐borne pathogen. Across two independent sets of communities, we found that yields under low nutrient conditions were predicted by high initial microbial diversity measured at broad phylogenetic levels, consistent with greater niche complementarity among unrelated taxa leading to greater total resource use. However, disease suppression was inconsistently linked to diversity and was explained as well or better by microbial composition rather than diversity per se. Ecosystem multifunctionality was predicted by high diversity at broad to intermediate phylogenetic scales. These results indicate that the diversity of microbial taxa may influence multiple soil functions; however, the mechanisms underlying the diversity–function relationships may vary.
Tandem Pauson‐Khand Reaction Using Carbon Dioxide as the C1‐Source
Authors: Shyshkanov Serhii , Vasilyev Dmitry V. , Abhyankar Kedar A. , Stylianou Kyriakos C. , Dyson Paul J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe describe the use of CO2 as a promising C1 source instead of CO in the tandem Pauson‐Khand reaction. The reaction is achieved by combining the reduction of CO2 to CO using a metal organic framework (MOF) catalyst with homogeneous rhodium catalysts for the cycloaddition step. A range of substrates were converted in moderate to good yields.
Deformable, transparent, high‐performance, room‐temperature oxygen sensors based on ion‐conductive, environment‐tolerant, and green organohydrogels
Authors: Lin Yuanqing , Wu Zixuan , Li Chunwei , Ding Qiongling , Tao Kai , Zhai Kankan , Chen Meiwan , Zilberman Meital , Xie Xi , Wu Jin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe present green organohydrogel‐based stretchable (up to 700% strain), transparent, and room‐temperature O2 sensors with impressive performance, including drying and freezing tolerances, high sensitivity, broad detection range (100 ppm‐100%), long‐term stability, low theoretical detection limit (0.585 ppm), linearity, and the capability to real‐time monitor human respiration by directly attaching on human skin. A facile solvent replacement approach is employed to partially exchange water with natural and edible xylitol/sorbitol molecules, generating stable, green and tough organohydrogels. Compared with the pristine hydrogel counterpart, the organohydrogel‐based O2 sensors feature higher stability, prolonged life time (140 days) and the ability to work over a wide range of temperatures (−38 to 65°C). The O2 sensing mechanism is elucidated by investigating the redox reactions occurred at the electrode‐hydrogel interface. This work develops a facile strategy to fabricate stretchable, transparent, and high‐performance O2 sensor using stable and green organohydrogels as novel transducing materials for practical wearable applications.image
Experimental investigation on the unsteady pressure pulsation and vibration of a nuclear pump test loop
Authors: Zhou Qiang , Li Hongkun , Dong Jiannan , Zhong Zuowen , Sun Shiwen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe nuclear reactor coolant pump (RCP) is the key equipment of the Pressurized Water Reactor, of which the coolant circulation inherently brings flow fluctuation and, therefore, flow‐induced vibration exists, which is detrimental to the safe and stable operation of nuclear power plants. Experiments were carried out on a nuclear pump test loop to investigate the characteristics of pressure pulsation and vibration under various rotational speeds and operational temperatures. Signals of pressure pulsation and vibration synchronously measured from the sensors located among the test loop and the bottom of the motor were analyzed by the Root Mean Square and the Fast Fourier Transform methods. Pronounced pressure pulsation peaks corresponding to the blade passage frequency and its higher harmonics are captured, and pressure pulsation amplitude variations are closely associated with the sensor positions and operating conditions. Vibration magnitude along the outlet direction of the nuclear RCP is the largest and increases with the increasing rotational speed but not the operating temperature. Finally, a coherent analysis was conducted between the vibration at the bottom of the motor and the unsteady pressure pulsation in the test loop. This study can provide meaningful scientific guidance in practical engineering applications.
Optimal allocation of distributed generation with the presence of photovoltaic and battery energy storage system using improved barnacles mating optimizer
Authors: Selim Ali , Kamel Salah , Zawbaa Hossam M. , Khan Baseem , Jurado Francisco 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes an improved version of Barnacles mating optimizer (BMO) for solving the optimal allocation problem of distribution generator (DGs) in radial distribution systems (RDSs). BMO is a recent bioinspired optimization algorithm that mimics the intelligence behavior of Barnacles' mating. However, like with any metaheuristic optimization approach, it may face issues such as local optima trapping and low convergence rate. Hence, an improved BMO is adopted based on the quasi oppositional (QOBMO) and the chaos maps theories (CQOBMO). The two improvement methods are applied to increase the convergence performance of the conventional BMO. To prove the efficiency of the improved QOBMO and CQOBMO algorithms, 23 benchmark functions are used, and the accomplished results are compared with the conventional BMO. Then, the improved algorithm is applied to minimize the total power and energy losses in the distribution systems considering the uncertainty of DG power generation and time‐varying load demand. The uncertainty of DG is represented using photovoltaic‐based DG (PVDG). The improved method is employed to find the optimal power scheduling of PVDG and battery energy storage (BES) during 24 h. Two standard IEEE RDS (IEEE 33‐bus and IEEE 69‐bus) are used to simulate the case studies. Finally, the obtained results show that significant loss reductions (LRs) are achieved using the improved BMO where LRs reach 65.26%, and 68.86% in IEEE 33‐bus and 69‐bus, respectively, in the case of PVDG integration. However, using PVDG and BES the energy loss reductions reach 64% and 67.80% in IEEE 33‐bus and 69‐bus, respectively, which prove the efficiency of the improved BMO algorithm in finding the optimal solutions obtained so far.