bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The EU and Third Countries: Consequences for Democracy and the Political Order
Authors: Fossum John Erik 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article discusses the democratic implications of third country incorporation for the EU and for third countries. The more the EU transforms sovereignty in an open and inclusive manner, the greater the scope for third country presence, participation and influence. For the EU, the greater the presence and influence of third countries, the more pressing the democratic incongruence. For third countries, the better included and the more they participate, the less incongruent their affiliation, and the more similar to members they become. These considerations depend on how the EU structures its relations with third countries and the nature of the EU's political order. It is in the EU's internal market and flanking areas that the pooling and sharing of sovereignty is the most pronounced. The conundrum facing third countries and the EU is that the internal market is central to the EU's constitution as a political system.
Melanoma‐specific survival before and after inclusion in a familial melanoma dermatologic surveillance program in CDKN2A mutation carriers and non‐carriers
Authors: Pissa Maria , Lapins Jan , Sköldmark Christina , Helgadottir Hildur 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundInherited mutations in the CDKN2A gene are among the strongest known risk factors for cutaneous melanoma. Further, previous studies have reported inferior melanoma‐specific survival in CDKN2A mutation carriers.ObjectivesHere, the melanoma‐specific survival was studied, depending on CDKN2A carrier status and if the melanomas had been diagnosed before or after families were included in a surveillance program.MethodsMelanoma‐prone families participating in this study were identified through a nationwide preventive program starting in 1987. Information on melanoma tumours and deaths was obtained through the Swedish Cancer Registry and Cause of Death Registry. Kaplan–Meier and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess melanoma‐specific survival in four defined cohorts, CDKN2A mutation (MUT) carriers with first invasive melanoma before or after inclusion [MUT‐pre (n = 53) and MUT‐post (n = 43)] and likewise in CDKN2A wild type (WT) cases [WT‐pre (n = 255) and WT‐post (n = 122)].ResultsThe MUT‐pre and MUT‐post cases were diagnosed with their first invasive melanoma at a significantly younger ages (38 and 42 years, respectively) than the WT‐pre and WT‐post cases (48 and 57 years, respectively). The melanomas in the MUT‐pre had significantly higher T stage compared with MUT‐post (p = 0.006), whereas no such difference was seen comparing WT‐pre with WT‐post (p = 0.849). MUT‐pre had compared with WT‐pre, significantly worse melanoma‐specific survival, unadjusted (HR 2.33, 95% CI 1.33–4.08, p = 0.003) adjusted (HR 2.70, 95% CI 1.46–5.00, p = 0.001). However, the MUT‐post cases had compared with the WT‐post cases, no significant survival differences.ConclusionThis study is the first to address the impact on survival from introducing a dermatologic surveillance program to familial melanoma cases with or without CDKN2A mutations. The CDKN2A‐mut carriers appeared to have a clear benefit with less advanced melanomas diagnosed and better melanoma‐specific survival after inclusion. Among the CDKN2A‐wt cases, the effect of the inclusion on the studied outcomes was less evident.
Real‐life effectiveness of tildrakizumab in chronic plaque psoriasis: A 52‐week multicentre retrospective study—IL PSO (Italian landscape psoriasis)
Authors: Narcisi Alessandra , Valenti Mario , Gargiulo Luigi , Ibba Luciano , Amoruso Fabrizio , Argenziano Giuseppe , Bardazzi Federico , Burlando Martina , Carrera Carlo Giovanni , Damiani Giovanni , Dapavo Paolo , Dini Valentina , Franchi Chiara , Girolomoni Giampiero , Guarneri Claudio , Loconsole Francesco , Sampogna Francesca , Travaglini Massimo , Malagoli Piergiorgio , Costanzo Antonio 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundTildrakizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds selectively the p19 subunit of interleukin‐23. It is approved for treatment of moderate–severe chronic plaque psoriasis.ObjectivesWe conducted a 52‐week retrospective study to assess the effectiveness and safety of tildrakizumab in a real‐life setting.MethodsOur retrospective study included 237 consecutive adults with moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis, enrolled in 10 different Italian centres, treated with tildrakizumab up to Week 52. Patient characteristics, comorbidities, previous treatments and the PASI (Psoriasis Area and Severity Index) score at each visit (baseline, Week 16, Week 28 and Week 52) were retrieved from the electronic medical records. The percentages of patients achieving 75%, 90% and 100% (PASI 75, PASI 90 and PASI 100) improvement in PASI with respect to baseline PASI were registered.ResultsAt Week 52, 90.91%, 73.55% and 58.68% of patients achieved a PASI reduction ≥75% (PASI 75), PASI 90 and PASI 100, respectively. An absolute PASI ≤ 2 was reached by 85.95% at Week 52. Compared with Phase 3 clinical trials, we observed similar rates of PASI 75/90 responses and higher percentages of patients achieving PASI 100. Patients who had not responded to previous biologic treatments and patients with cardio‐metabolic comorbidities were significantly more likely to achieve PASI 100 at Week 28 and PASI 90 at Week 52. The higher body mass index did not interfere with the odds of reaching PASI 75/90/100 at each time point. No significant safety findings were recorded throughout the study, and none of the patients had to interrupt the treatment because of adverse events.ConclusionOur data suggest that the efficacy of tildrakizumab for plaque psoriasis in ‘real‐life’ clinical practice is comparable with Phase 3 clinical trials with higher percentages of patients achieving complete skin clearance (PASI 100) at Weeks 16, 28 and 52.
Empathy and shame through critical phenomenology: The limits and possibilities of affective work and the case of COVID‐19 vaccinations
Authors: Golafshani Maryam 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper begins by developing the critical phenomenologies of shame and empathy. It rejects that empathy is the supposed antidote to shame, and rather demonstrates the ways in which they function in parallel. The author contends that both shame and indeed empathy risk objectifying and fetishizing the other who is being shamed or empathized with. This argument and phenomenology about the relationship between shame and empathy is then applied and further developed through a case study of COVID‐19 vaccinations. The author explores whether empathy and shame ever “work” to increase vaccine uptake, and ultimately argues that both affects do and do not depending on the structures of power informing the specific context.
Economic evaluation of a medical ambulatory care service using a single group interrupted time‐series design
Authors: Pincombe Aubyn , Schultz Timothy J. , Hofmann Dirk , Karnon Jonathan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRationaleIncreasing demand for hospital services can lead to overcrowding and delays in treatment, poorer outcomes and a high cost‐burden. The medical ambulatory care service (MACS) provides out of hospital patient care, including diagnostic and therapeutic interventions for patients that require urgent attention, but which can be safely administered in the ambulatory environment. The programme is yet to be rigorously evaluated.Aims/ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of the MACS programme on emergency department (ED) presentations, hospital admissions, length‐of‐stay and health service costs from a health system perspective.MethodWe used a single group interrupted time series methodology with a multiple baseline approach to analyse the impact of the MACS clinic on ED presentations, hospital admissions, length‐of‐stay and cost outcomes for general practitioners (GP)‐referred, ED‐referred and ward‐referred patients under two counterfactual scenarios: an increasing trend in health utilization based on preperiod predictions or a stabilization of utilization rates.ResultsThe time trend of hospital utilization differed after attending MACS for all three referral groups. The time trend for the GP‐referred group declined significantly by 0.36 ED presentations per 100 patients per 30 days [95% confidence interval (CI): −0.52 to −0.2], while inpatient length of stay declined significantly by 1.56 and 3.70 days, respectively, per 100 ED‐referred and ward‐referred patients per 30 days (95% CI: −2.51 to −0.57 and −5.71 to −1.69, respectively). Under two different counterfactual scenarios, the predicted net savings for MACS across three patient groups were $78,685 (95% CI: $54,807−$102,563) and $547,639 (95% CI: $503,990−$591,287) per 100 patients over 18 months.ConclusionMACS was found to be cost‐effective for GP and ward‐referred groups, but the expected impact for ED‐referred patients is sensitive to assumptions. Expansion of the service for GP‐referred patients is expected to reduce hospitalizations the most and generate the largest net cost savings.
Contrasting riverine distribution and habitat use of the Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica, and the giant mottled eel, Anguilla marmorata, in a sympatric river
Authors: Matsushige Kazuki , Yasutake Yoshiya , Mochioka Noritaka 
Published: September 2022

AbstractElectrofishing and visual observations revealed contrasting riverine distribution and habitat use of the Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica, and the giant mottled eel, Anguilla marmorata, in a relatively gentle‐slope river of Southern Kyushu, Japan. A. japonica was distributed in the lower and upper reaches. A. marmorata inhabited the middle reaches with relatively fast water velocity, heterogeneous water depth, coarse substrata and no adjacent paddy fields. This may have important conservation implications because a decrease in environmental diversity and/or river connectivity could result in the disappearance of A. marmorata habitats.
Simultaneous optimization for the elaboration of a low‐fat panettone with wheat and quinoa flour
Authors: Huánuco‐Azabache Elissa , Melgarejo‐Cabello Silvia , Vidaurre‐Ruiz Julio , Repo‐Carrasco‐Valencia Ritva 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis research aimed to elaborate a panettone with wheat flour and quinoa flour. Using the response surface methodology (RSM), the effect of quinoa flour (10% and 30%), powder gluten (2% and 4.8%), lecithin (0.2% and 0.5%), and water (35% and 50%) was studied through the application of a factorial design 24 that allowed to identify that lecithin was a non‐significant factor (p > 0.05). A central composite rotational design (CCRD) was used to get polynomial models of second order, for the variable responses: specific volume, toughness, cohesiveness, and gumminess, which were simultaneously optimized, based on the maximization of desirability functions (0.94). The optimal formulation contained 26.23% quinoa flour, 4.8% gluten, and 50% water and stood out for its low‐fat content: 7.6%. With the optimized formulation, it is possible to produce panettones with a significant percentage of quinoa flour. Thus, this formulation becomes an alternative for the elaboration of low‐fat and nutritious products.Novelty impact statementAn optimal formulation of panettone with a lower fat content (7.6%) was obtained using the response surface methodology (SRM), where the relevant response variables were simultaneously optimized according to the maximization of the desirability function (0.94).
Anti‐browning active packaging: A review on delivery mechanism, mode of action, and compatibility with biodegradable polymers
Authors: Siew Zhi Zhou , Chan Eric Wei Chiang , Wong Chen Wai 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFresh‐cut fruits and vegetables are still an active area of study despite being a staple of food outlets offering minimally processed foods. These minimally processed foods often have a short shelf life due to enzymatic browning. Active packaging is of current interest as it offers an efficient method to deliver polyphenol oxidase inhibitors onto the surface of foods to suppress browning. Inhibitors incorporated into active packaging can transfer to the food surface either direct or indirect contact of active packaging to food surface. Given that food packaging is often single use, the application of biodegradable polymers in active packaging is very attractive but their compatibility is still being studied. This review would present the determinants for compatibility between inhibitors and packaging matrix and their application to different food types. The review would also feature some novel solutions to enhance the compatibility and performance of anti‐browning active packaging.Novelty impact statementActive packaging is a novel technology that interacts with food to prolong the food quality to a greater extent including browning inhibition. The choice of packaging polymer and browning inhibitor could affect the efficiency of active packaging to deliver browning inhibition action. This review summarized the compatibility between the packaging polymer and browning inhibitor and the releasing mechanism of the browning inhibitor integrated in the active packaging to the food surface. These could aid the food manufacturers to develop an effective enzymatic browning inhibition‐based active packaging in the future.
Enhancement of biofunctional properties, sensory attributes, and shelf life of flatbread by incorporating red bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Kaur Akashdeep , Aggarwal Poonam , Kaur Navjot , Kaur Sukhpreet 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe present study aimed at developing a process to prepare flatbread by incorporating red bell pepper in the form of pulp, paste, and powder with extended shelf life and an improved phytonutritional profile. Both red bell pepper fresh pulp and paste were incorporated in flatbread at three different levels, that is, 10%, 15%, and 20%, while powder was supplemented at 1%, 1.5%, and 2% (w/w) levels. Red bell pepper incorporation, irrespective of the forms, significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced the physical, nutritional, phytochemical, and sensory attributes of flatbread when compared to refined wheat flour flatbread (control). Based on preliminary sensory trials, flatbreads enriched with 1.5% red bell pepper powder and pulp as well as paste, both at 20% levels of supplementation, were found to be the most acceptable. Storage studies (at 25 ± 2°C/50%–88% RH) revealed that the physicochemical parameters of flatbreads remained unaffected except for moisture which significantly (p < 0.05) decreased. A significant (p < 0.05) reduction in phytochemical parameters and antioxidant activities was observed. The enriched flatbreads were microbiologically safe with shelf stability of 3 days without the use of any chemical preservative.Novelty impact statementIncorporation of red bell pepper in different forms (pulp, paste, and powder) significantly improved the phytonutritional profile and sensory attributes of flatbread. The developed product showed better shelf stability compared to the control (refined flour flatbread). Present research may be helpful in coping with the seasonal availability of the perishable crop.
Recombinant lectin Gg for brain imaging of glycan structure and formation in the CNS node of Ranvier
Authors: Tulin Ea Kristine Clarisse , Yoshimura Takeshi , Nakazawa Chiaki , Saito Shion , Kanai Kyoko , Kozono Takuma , Nakakita Shin‐ichi , Tonozuka Takashi , Ikenaka Kazuhiro , Nishikawa Atsushi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe nodes of Ranvier are unmyelinated gaps in the axon, important for the efficient transmission of action potentials. Despite the identification of several glycoproteins involved in node formation and maintenance, glycans' structure and formation in the node remain unclear. Previously, we developed a recombinant lectin from the Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin complex, specific to the galactose and N‐acetylgalactosamine terminal epitopes (Gg). Gg stained Neuro2a cells. Here, we show Gg punctuate staining in mouse brain cryosections. Thus, we hypothesized that Gg could help study glycans in the node of Ranvier. Lectin histochemistry on mouse brain cryosections confirmed that Gg binds specifically to the node of Ranvier in the central nervous system (CNS). Using a combination of lectin blotting, glycosidase treatment on tissue sections, and lectin histochemistry, Gg ligands were identified as α‐galactose terminal glycoproteins in the perinodal extracellular matrix. Furthermore, we detected the spatiotemporal distribution of galactosylated glycans in the CNS node of Ranvier in mouse brain tissues at different postnatal times. Finally, we observed impaired clustering of galactosylated glycans in the nodes during demyelination and remyelination in cuprizone‐induced demyelination and remyelination mouse model. In conclusion, Gg can serve as a novel brain imaging tool in glycobiology and report glycoprotein formation and alterations in the CNS node of Ranvier. Our findings might serve as a first step to establish the role of glycans in the node of Ranvier.image
Resilience of primal world beliefs to the initial shock of the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Ludwig Vera U. , Crone Damien L. , Clifton Jeremy D. W. , Rebele Reb W. , Schor Jordyn A. , Platt Michael L. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionPeople hold general beliefs about the world called primals (e.g., the world is Safe, Intentional), which are strongly linked to individual differences in personality, behavior, and mental health. How such beliefs form or change across the lifespan is largely unknown, although theory suggests that beliefs become more negative after disruptive events. The COVID‐19 pandemic provided an opportunity to test whether dramatic world changes and personal adversity affect beliefs.MethodIn a longitudinal, quasi‐experimental, pre‐registered design, 529 US participants (51% female, 76% White) provided ratings of primals before and several months after pandemic onset, and information about personal adversity (e.g., losing family, financial hardship). Data were compared to 398 participants without experience of the pandemic.ResultsThe average person in our sample showed no change in 23 of the 26 primals, including Safe, in response to the early pandemic, and only saw the world as slightly less Alive, Interactive, and Acceptable. Higher adversity, however, was associated with slight declines in some beliefs. One limitation is that participants were exclusively American.ConclusionPrimals were remarkably stable during the initial shock wrought by a once‐in‐a‐century pandemic, supporting a view of primals as stable lenses through which people interpret the world.
Changes in serum omega fatty acids on a Mediterranean diet intervention in patients with gingivitis: An exploratory study
Authors: Bartha Valentin , Exner Lea , Basrai Maryam , Bischoff Stephan C. , Schweikert Daniela , Adolph Michael , Bruckner Thomas , Grueninger Dirk , Klein Daniel , Meller Christian , Woelber Johan Peter , Wolff Diana 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundOmega‐6 and omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are precursors of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory lipid mediators. Serum PUFA levels could influence the severity of inflammatory oral diseases, such as gingivitis.ObjectiveThe study analyzed serum PUFA levels in a six‐week randomized controlled trial in individuals on the Mediterranean diet (MedD), associations with the intake of specific foods, and possible correlations with oral inflammatory parameters.MethodsData from 37 study participants on either a MedD (MedDG; n = 18) or a “Western diet” in the control group (CG, n = 19) were analyzed. Dental examinations and serum analyses were performed at two time points, T1 (baseline) and T2 (week 6). Serum PUFA status, adherence to the MedD, and data from a Food Frequency Questionnaire were analyzed.ResultsWithin the MedDG omega‐6 fatty acid levels decreased significantly. In the overall sample, the proportional decrease in sites with bleeding on probing correlated weakly to moderately with the decrease in total omega‐6 fatty acid level (Spearman's ρ = 0.274) and the decrease in gingival index correlated moderately with the decrease in linoleic acid level (Spearman's ρ = 0.351). Meat and fast‐food consumption correlated positively with levels of various omega‐6 fatty acids, whereas nut, fish, and dairy product consumption correlated positively with omega‐3 levels.ConclusionAdherence to a MedD was associated with a decrease in serum omega‐6 levels, which positively affected the omega‐6/omega‐3 ratio. The MedD associated reduction in serum omega‐6 levels may be a mechanism that favorably affects gingival inflammatory parameters.
Polychaetes and fish in a tropical bay in southeastern Brazil: Community concordance and influence of environmental variables
Authors: Gomes‐Gonçalves Rafaela de Sousa , Miranda Vinícius da Rocha , Freitas Leonardo Almeida , Araújo Francisco Gerson 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe distribution of species depends on the relationship with other species and the influence of abiotic factors, modulated by long‐term evolutionary and biogeographic processes. Polychaetes and fish are important components of the biota that inhabit estuarine systems, coexisting in various habitats, although the relationship between these groups and their responses to environmental variables is poorly understood. This study aimed to assess the concordance between fish and polychaete communities in three zones (inner, middle, and outer) of a tropical bay and to determine environmental influences on these communities. The raised hypothesis is that benthic fish is associated with polychaetes and that these taxonomic groups respond differently to environmental conditions. Environmental characteristics were the main drivers determining the occurrence of fish species and polychaetes families; however, no consistent relationship was observed between fish and polychaetes. Sediment granulometry seems to be an essential driver in determining polychaetes and fish distribution while turbidity and phosphorus were also important for fish. The three zones differed in both water physicochemical and sediment (nutrients and granulometry) variables, which determined their uses by different fish and polychaetes species. Only one fish species, the gerreid Eucinostomus argenteus showed a weak but significant association with the Goniadidae and Spionidae polychaetes, which may be associated with similar environmental preferences of both taxa. The lack of a consistent relationship between benthic fish and their likely invertebrate prey may be associated with the small spatial scale of this study and the early fish life stages. Most fish in shallow coastal areas are still in their early life, feeding mainly on polychaetes and other benthic macroinvertebrates, and as the area is shallow, planktonic organisms may be included in their diet, thus relieving predation pressure on benthic organisms. These findings are important to unveil relationships among different taxonomical groups and their environment.