bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Success Rate of Endotracheal Intubation
Authors: Nasir Usman , Dalhat Salahu , Atiku Mamuda , Mustapha Abdullahi , Saheed Adesope , Adam Ahmad , Mohammad Abdullahi , Ado Ahmed 
Published: July 2022

Context:
Direct laryngoscopy (DL) remains the most popular method of endotracheal intubation despite the availability of easier methods like intubating laryngeal mask airway (ILMA)—a blind intubation aid with a high success rate of intubation even when employed by novices.

Aim:
This study compared the overall success rate of intubation using ILMA and DL during elective surgeries requiring intubation.

Study Design:
This was a comparative randomized study.

Patients and Methods:
Following the institutional ethical approval, 86 American Society of Anaesthesiologists physical status (ASA) I and II patients were randomized into DL and ILMA groups. Each received intravenous fentanyl 2 μg/kg, glycopyrrolate 4 μg/kg, intravenous propofol 3 mg/kg, suxamethonium 2 mg/kg to a maximum of 100 mg. Intubation was with DL in the first group and ILMA in the second group. Anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane and muscle relaxation with atracurium. The overall success rate, the success rate at the first attempt of intubation, time for intubation, and airway complications were assessed.

Statistical analysis:
Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0. The quantitative variables were analyzed using the Student's t-test and qualitative using the Chi-square test. A P value less than 0.05 was considered significant.

Results:
The success at insertion was 100% in the DL group and 95.3% with ILMA at the first attempt (P = 0.15). The success rate of intubation at the first attempt was 100 and 79.1% in the DL and ILMA groups, respectively. The mean time for intubation was 19.93 ± 6.17 and 46.54 ± 11.63 s in DL and ILMA, respectively (P = 0.001). Six patients (14%) had airway complications in the ILMA group.

Conclusion:
The overall success rate of intubation via ILMA is comparable to that of DL. In patients with normal airways, DL remains a comparatively faster and easier technique to secure the airway with tracheal intubation than ILMA.
Sonographic Evaluation of Liver Dimension among Apparently Healthy Pediatrics in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Sidi Mohammed , Idris Ahmad S. , Hassan Aliyu A. , Mansur Umar , Muhammad Hassan , Yakubu Adamu 
Published: July 2022

Context:
Establishing normal liver size is critical in the diagnosis and determining the treatment method for the underlying liver pathology.

Aims:
This study aimed at evaluating liver dimensions of apparently healthy pediatrics using ultrasonography in Kano metropolis, Nigeria.

Settings and Design:
This cross-sectional study was conducted in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria, from May 2020 to August 2020.

Materials and Methods:
Four hundred and twenty-six apparently healthy pediatric subjects; 213 males and 213 females. The liver was examined with the patient in the supine position, the anteroposterior liver dimension was obtained in a transverse plane through the mid clavicular line from the hepatic dome to the inferior angle. Cranio-caudal liver dimension was obtained in a longitudinal plane with an oblique beam at the level where the widest diameter was demonstrated.

Statistical Analysis:
Both descriptive inferential statistics were employed for the data analysis. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Version 23.0 was used for the data analysis and P < 0.05 was considered significant.

Result:
The mean cranio-caudal liver dimension for male and female subjects were 9.28 ± 2.18 cm and 9.17 ± 2.19 cm, respectively, while the mean antero-posterior liver dimension for male and female subjects was 6.87 ± 1.92 cm and 6.74 ± 1.90 cm, respectively. A statistically significant difference between pediatric age groups was observed (p ≤ 0.001). However, there was no statistically significant difference in cranio-caudal and antero-posterior liver dimensions between male and female subjects (p ≥ 0.10, 0.24, 0.66, 0.30, 0.92, 0.33, and P ≥ 0.11, 0.79, 0.69, 0.45, 0.81, 0.29 for the respective pediatric age groups), respectively.

Conclusion:
References values for pediatric cranio-caudal and antero-posterior liver dimensions were established.
Comparative efficacies of Eimeria tenella Apical membrane antigen-1 (Etama-1) DNA and live attenuated oocysts vaccines against experimental infection with field isolate of Eimeria tenella in broiler chickens
Authors: Shuaibu A.Z. , Jatau I.D. , Wakawa A.M. , Babashani M. , Sani N.A. , Aliyu H.B. 
Published: July 2022

This study evaluated the efficacy of vaccination of broiler chickens against coccidiosis using Eimeria tenella (EtAMA-1) DNA vaccine in comparison to vaccination using live polyvalent oocyst vaccine (Livacox®). Forty-day-old broiler chicks were randomly assigned into 4 groups; group 1 birds were unvaccinated uninfected control, group 2 were unvaccinated infected, group 3 were vaccinated with 0.1ml containing100μg EtAMA-1 vaccine plasmid on the thigh muscle at days 14 and a booster at days 21 of age, while at 10 days old, group 4 birds were administered 0.2ml of Livacox®. At 28 days of age, all chickens except group 1 were inoculated with 1 × 104 sporulated oocysts of the E. tenella and evaluated for weight gain(WG), oocysts production (OP), lesion scoring (LS) and anti coccidial index (ACI). Higher WG (116±43.89 g) were recorded in group 4 compared to group 3 (110±29.15 g), although, statistically insignificant but was significant (p <0.05) when compared with group 2 (40±12.25 g). OP was significantly (p <0.05) higher in group 2 (1.3x105±11.00) compared to groups 3 and 4 (0.58x105±18.00 and 0.44x105 ±42.36) respectively. Both vaccines significantly (p <0.05) reduce the effects of E. tenella on LS (1.4 ± 0.6 and 1.0 ± 0.62) for groups 3 and 4 respectively compared to the unvaccinated group 2 (4.0 ± 0.00). Higher ACI was observed in groups 3 and 4 (177 and 180) respectively compared to group 2 (170). Conclusively, EtAMA-1 DNA vaccination ameliorated the effects of E. tenella infection in broiler chickens comparable to Livacox®.
Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Helminth Parasites of Local Chicken Slaughtered at Jalingo Market, Taraba State, Nigeria
Authors: Inuwa B. , Musa I.M. , Konto M. , Balami P.U. 
Published: July 2022

Gastrointestinal parasites constitute a serious problem to poultry production in Africa. But often times they are usually ignored by the majority of farmers. Whereas, it is one of the major leading causes of ill-health and high mortality rates in the poultry industry. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of chicken slaughtered at the Jalingo market. A total of 500 gastrointestinal tracts of local chicken comprising of 250 from males and 250 from females were collected from the poultry slaughtering and dressing section of the Jalingo market, and screened for gastrointestinal helminths using the saturated sodium chloride floatation techniques. An overall prevalence of 28.6% (143/500) was recorded with a prevalence of 16.8% (84/500) in males and 11.8% (59/500) females. Nine different species parasites comprising five nematodes and four cestodes, were recorded. Nematodes were the most predominant intestinal parasite with a prevalence rate of 89 (62.2%). And Ascaridia galli 45 (50.5%) was found to be the most prevalent nematode. Other nematodes observed were Capillaria annulata 13.4% (12/89), Heterakis gallinarum 2.2% (2/89), Strongyloides avium 32.5% (29/89), and Syngamus trachea 1.1% (1/89) having the lowest prevalence. Railliatina tetragona 57.4% (31/143) was the most prevalent cestode recorded. Other Cestodes were Hymenolepis carioca 27.7% (15/54), Raillietina cesticellus 12.9% (7/54), and Davainea proglottina 1.8% (1/54). No trematode was recorded in this study. This study showed that nematodes and cestodes were the common helminth parasites in local chicken. There is therefore the need for educating the farmers on the impact of gastrointestinal parasite infection in chicken and the need to institute good management practices so as to reduce their effects on productivity. Sex of the chicken had no statistically significant difference (X2 = 6.12, df = 1; P > 0.05) on the prevalence of helminths.
Keywords: Prevalence, Domestic chicken, Gastrointestinal tract helminth, Jalingo, Nigeria
Silicosis en trabajadores expuestos a conglomerados de cuarzo
Authors: Rattia-Rivas Cesar Enrique , Martinez-Aguirre Sergio , Affinito Marianna , Lonighi Sherry Sue , Maqueda Jerónimo 
Published: July 2022

Introducción: la silicosis, enfermedad crónica, causada por la inhalación de polvo de sílice cristalina, sigue siendo un problema de salud laboral vigente. El objetivo de la investigación consistió en estimar el riesgo de silicosis complicada y/o acelerada en trabajadores expuestos a polvo de sílice de conglomerados de cuarzo frente al riesgo de los trabajadores expuestos a roca ornamental.
Método: se desarrolló un estudio analítico de casos y controles prevalentes en trabajadores cuya vigilancia de la salud se realizó en el instituto Nacional de Silicosis (España), entre el 1 de enero de 2008 y el 31 de diciembre de 2018 (N = 90). El valor de la significación de todos los contrastes de hipótesis realizados fue α = 0,05.
Resultados: se determinó mayor riesgo de silicosis complicada en los trabajadores expuestos a polvo de sílice proveniente del uso de conglomerados de cuarzo mediante el cálculo de Chi cuadrado, con un total de 7 casos (46,67%) de silicosis complicada (p = 0,046).
Conclusiones: existe mayor riesgo de silicosis complicada en los trabajadores expuestos a polvo de sílice proveniente del uso de conglomerados de cuarzo frente a los expuestos a polvo de sílice de roca ornamental. No se observó relación entre el riesgo de desarrollar silicosis acelerada y la exposición a conglomerados de cuarzo en la muestra analizada.
A Winnicottian Investigation on Krys Lee’s Characters’ Self-Fragmentation
Authors: Farivar Marziyeh , Reesi Sistani Roohollah 
Published: July 2022

The Present research paper attempts at investigating the concepts of ‘True self and false self’ in the female characters presented by Krys Lee. Despite the fact that much has been carried out theoretically and clinically on the subject of the mother-child relation, the literary works of the Asian writers, in terms of cultural, social, psychological and artistic subjects and issues, have received little attention. Apart from the ordinary meaning of self, Winnicott, one of the 20th century’s greatest psychoanalysts and thinkers, believes that it is a more complex term that plays a crucial role in demonstrating one’s mental and emotional status. The sense of self is developed in every individual from infancy through the relationship with the mother. The baby’s true self or false self depends on how a mother adapts to the baby’s needs and desires. This dependency is identified as good-enough mothering, and if it is a successful form of adaptation, the infant begins to believe in external reality leading to the ego or self-development. The selected female characters’ actions, reactions and relations in “Drifting House” are symptomatic of their insecure childhoods, and frustrating developments. Their split characters, denial of reality, some sort of aggression and the lack of trust in the environment could be the echo of their childhood’s failure in receiving adequate care and attention.
Estimasi Debit Aliran Menggunakan Data Radar Cuaca (Studi Kasus : DAS Manna, Bengkulu)
Authors: HANDOYO MUHAMMAD FAJAR 
Published: July 2022

Radar cuaca memiliki kelebihan dalam megestimasi curah hujan, karena memiliki resolusi spasial yang tinggi (mencapai 0.5 km). Curah hujan estimasi radar cuaca dapat digunakan untuk berbagai kebutuhan, diantaranya untuk pemodelan hidrologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan memanfaatkan radar cuaca BMKG Bengkulu untuk estimasi debit aliran di DAS Manna pada bulan Desember 2018. Persamaan Z-R ditentukan berdasarkan data reflektifitas radar (Z) dan curah hujan pengamatan (R). Pengolahan data radar cuaca menggunkan perangkat lunak wradlib berbasis bahasa pemrograman python. Model hidrologi HEC-GeoHMS dan HEC-HMS digunakan untuk menghitung debit aliran berdasarkan inputan curah hujan radar cuaca. Metode Gridded Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS CN) dan ModClark digunakan untuk menentukan metode kehilangan dan waktu tempuh yang dibutuhkan air hingga ke titik outlet. Sedangkan aliran dasar dan routing masing-masing menggunakan metode Recession dan Lag. Hasilnya, diperoleh persamaan antara reflektfitas radar cuaca dan curah hujan pengamatan sebesar Z=2,65R1,3. Debit simulasi menghasilkan nilai RMSE seberas 11,99 m3/detik sebelum di kalibrasi, dan RMSE sebesar 4.37 m3/detik setelah di kalibrasi. Selain itu, curah hujan estimasi radar cuaca memiliki pola yang sama dengan fluktuasi debit harian DAS Manna.
Прихильність до лікування військовослужбовців, хворих на ішемічну хворобу серця
Authors: Kuts T. V. , Moroz G. Z. , Kazmirchuk A. P. , Tkachuk I. M. , Sokolyuk A. K. 
Published: July 2022

Мета дослідження – провести комплексний аналіз прихильності до лікування та готовності до змін поведінкових факторів ризику у військовослужбовців, хворих на ішемічну хворобу серця.
Матеріали та методи дослідження. Методом випадкової вибірки проведено анкетне опитування 72 військовослужбовців, хворих на ішемічну хворобу серця, які прийшли на плановий прийом до лікаря загальної практики в Клініку амбулаторної допомоги Національного військово-медичного клінічного центру «Головний військовий клінічний госпіталь». Всі військовослужбовці були чоловічої статі віком 30-58 років, середній вік – 47,6±6,5 років. Для дослідження вікових особливостей пацієнти були розділені на дві підгрупи: до 50 років (І група – 39 військовослужбовців, середній вік 42,8±5,0) та старше 50 років (ІІ група – 33 військовослужбовців, середній вік 53,2±2,4 років). За результатами дослідження сформована комп’ютерна база даних. Статистична обробка проводилась з використанням програми Microsoft Excel 2007 та стандартного статистичного пакета STATISTICA 6,0.
Результати. Низький рівень прихильності до медикаментозного лікування визначено у 84,7% військовослужбовців, хворих на ішемічну хворобу серця (84,6±5,8% в І групі та 87,9±5,7% в ІІ групі, р=0,70). Потребує уваги, що 79,2% опитаних військовослужбовців мали низький рівень поінформованості щодо необхідності лікування, 81,9% мали низький рівень мотивації. Встановлено недостатню прихильність опитаних військовослужбовців, хворих на ішемічну хворобу серця, до виконання рекомендацій лікарів щодо немедикаментозного лікування – більшість з них оцінили виконання рекомендацій лікаря на три бали і менше за п’ятибальною шкалою, зокрема, 79,2% щодо здорового харчування та 69,4% щодо фізичної активності. Визначено високий рівень поширеності тютюнокуріння у військовослужбовців, хворих на ішемічну хворобу серця – 86,1±2,0%, (84,6±5,8% І групі та 87,9±5,7% в ІІ групі, р=0,67). При цьому більшість перебувають на стадії перед-роздум зміни поведінки щодо тютюнокуріння, тобто не збирались позбутися цієї шкідливої звички. Не визначено статистично вірогідної різниці між військовослужбовцями І та ІІ групи. Встановлено, що більша частка військовослужбовців, хворих на ішемічну хворобу серця, перебуває на стадії обдумування зміни поведінки щодо покращення фізичної активності – 29,2% та здорового харчування – 38,9%; тільки 27,8% і 18,1%, відповідно, намагаються дотримуватись рекомендацій.
Висновки. Встановлено низький рівень прихильності військовослужбовців, хворих на ішемічну хворобу серця, до медикаментозного і немедикаментозного лікування та недостатню готовність щодо зміни поведінкових факторів ризику. Обґрунтовано доцільність удосконалення організації медичної допомоги військовослужбовцям, хворим на ішемічну хворобу серця, зокрема, запровадження пацієнт-орієнтованої медичної допомоги, спрямованої на залучення пацієнтів до участі в лікуванні, посилення мотивації та підвищення прихильності до лікування.
Estimación del valor recreativo de la cueva de los murciélagos (Córdoba, España)
Authors: Hidalgo-Fernández Amalia , Hidalgo Fernández Rafael Enrique , Cañas Madueño Juan Antonio 
Published: July 2022

El objetivo de este estudio es la valoración económica de un intangible, la Cueva de los Murciélagos, en Córdoba (España). La estimación del valor económico que genera la cueva, aporta una valiosa información de gestión que puede ser útil, a los órganos decisores de la sociedad, en las políticas relacionadas con el uso recreativo, la protección y conservación del bien natural. Por tanto, para determinar la demanda de uso recreativo de los visitantes al Monumento Natural, se realizaron 310 entrevistas, utilizando el método de valoración contingente y considerando como vehículo de pago la entrada al mismo y la máxima disposición a donar para su conservación. Se utilizó un SIG para establecer la población potencial de visitantes. El análisis de los resultados muestra que la máxima disposición al pago de los visitantes es de 7,8 € y que la disposición a donar para su conservación es de 38,38 €.

Abstract
The objective of this study is the economic valuation of an intangible, the Bat Cave, in Córdoba (Spain). Estimating the economic value that the cave provides valuable management information that can be useful to decision-making bodies of society in policies related to recreational use, protection and conservation of natural right. Therefore, to determine the demand for recreational use of visitors to the Natural Monument, 310 interviews were conducted, using the contingent valuation method and considering as a vehicle for the same entry fee and the highest willingness to donate to conservation. GIS was used to establish the potential visitor population. The analysis of the results shows that the maximum willingness to pay of visitors is 7,8 € and willingness to donate for conservation is 38,38 €.
Editorial
Authors: Guerrero Elsa Marcela 
Published: July 2022

En este segundo número del año 2014 se publican 3 trabajos científicos originales que ofrecen diferentes miradas sobre la problemática ambiental a nivel regional -temáticas y metodológicas-. Se agrega un artículo especial en sección Noticias denominado “CINEA: 15 años produciendo conocimiento. Un proceso histórico-institucional colectivo”. Este escrito cuenta en forma breve un proceso de crecimiento académico de un grupo de investigadores en post de producir y difundir conocimiento sobre la temática ambiental en el ámbito de las ciencias humanas.
Peran Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam Dalam Meminimalisir Kenakalan Siswa SD di Kecamatan Suranenggala Kabupaten Cirebon
Authors: Nurkhotimah Iim 
Published: July 2022

Delinquency of elementary school students, the government and all ranks of education and the Indonesian community must be highly considered and take quick action in handling and overcoming the delinquency of students especially elementary school students. Based on the background of the problem above the authors conducted a study with the aim of: (a) To illustrate the form of delinquency that is currently done by elementary school students in Suranenggala District (b) To find out the cause of changing moral attitudes towards students, (c) To evaluate the role of Islamic religious education teachers anticipate to minimize student delinquency The method used in this study is a qualitative approach that intends to understand phenomena about what is experienced by research subjects such as: religious values, behavior, perceptions, actions, and others, holistically. Data collection is done by observation, documentation, and interview techniques. Data analysis techniques include data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The conclusion of this study is that the Role of Islamic Religious Education Teachers in Minimizing the Delinquency of Elementary School Students in Suranenggala District needs cooperation with parents so that the inculcation of Islamic religious values ​​will run optimally.
Abstrak
Kenakalan siswa sekolah dasar, pemerintah dan segenap jajaran pendidikan serta masyarakat Indonesia harus sangat diperhatikan dan mengambil tindakan cepat dalam penanganan dan penanggulangan kenakalan-kenakalan siswa terkhusus siswa sekolah dasar. Berdasarkan latarbelakang masalah diatas penulis melakukan penelitian dengan tujuan: (a) Untuk menggambarkan bentuk kenakalan yang dewasa ini dilakukan siswa SD di Kecamatan Suranenggala (b) Untuk Mengetahui sebab perubahan sikap moral pada siswa, (c) Untuk Mengevaluasi peran guru pendidikan agama islam melakukan antisipasi untuk meminimalisir kenakalan siswa, Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif yang bermaksud untuk memahami fenomena tentang apa yang dialami oleh subjek penelitian seperti: nilai-nilai agama, perilaku, persepsi, tindakan, dan lainnya, secara holistik. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara. Teknik analisis data meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa: Peran Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam Dalam Meminimalisir Kenakalan Siswa SD di Kecamatan Suranenggala perlu adanya kerjasama dengan orang tua sehingga penanaman nilai nilai agama islam akan berjalan maksimal.
Nilai – Nilai Pendidikan Karakter dalam Al-Qur’an Surat Yusuf
Authors: Rozak Abdul 
Published: July 2022

Character education is an effort to build character with the aim that humans have good qualities as exemplified by Rasullah PBUH. While the guidance of Muslims is the Qur'an in which many stories of the Apostle or the nature of the Apostle which explains the Character Education. Based on the background of the above problems the authors conducted research with the aim of: a. know the concept of character education contained in the letter Yusuf, b. the verses contained in the Qur'an letter about character education, c) know the implications in character education. This research uses the Library Research Method (library research) with Qualitative Descriptive Analysis Techniques. As primary data taken from the Qur'an, the interpretation of Al-Misbah, Al-Maraghi and Dr. Tafsir said Ahmad Hatta. Secondary data supporting material for the discussion of this thesis is the literature on moral education and character education related to the contents of the Qur'an letter of Yusuf. The conclusion of the concept of moral education in the Qur'an, the Letter of Joseph is very good to be delivered as a science of character education and practiced in education as an applied science that can be realized in everyday life. So that the purpose of education will be realized and can create genarasi virtuous and good morals.
Abstrak
Pendidikan karakter merupakan satu upaya pembentukan karakter dengan tujuan agar manusia memiliki sifat yang baik seperti yang telah dicontohkan oleh Rasullah saw. Sedangkan pedoman umat Islam yaitu Al-Qur’an didalamnya banyak kisah-kisah Rasul atau sifat Rasul yang menerangkan Pendidikan Karakter. Berdasarkan latarbelakang masalah diatas penulis melakukan penelitian dengan tujuan: a. mengetahui konsep pendidikan karakter yang terkandung dalam surat yusuf, b. ayat-ayat yang terkandung dalam qur’an surat yusuf mengenai pendidikan karakter, c) mengetahui implikasinya dalam pendidikan karakter Penelitian ini menggunakan Metode Riset Perpustakaan (library reseach) dengan Tehnik Analisis Deskriptif Kualitatif. Sebagai data primer diambil dari Al-Qur’an tafsir Al-Misbah, Al-Maraghi dan Tafsir perkata Dr. Ahmad Hatta. Data skunder bahan pendukung pembahasan skripsi ini yaitu literatur tentang ilmu pendidikan akhlak dan ilmu pendidikan karakter yang berkaitan didalam isi kandungan AlQur’an surat yusuf. Kesimpulan dari konsep pendidikan akhlak dalam Al-Qur’an Surat Yusuf sangat baik untuk disampaikan sebagai ilmu pendidikan karakter dan dipraktikan dalam pendidikan sebagai ilmu terapan yang dapat diwujudkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Sehingga tujuan pendidikan akan terwujud dan dapat menciptakan genarasi yang berbudi dan berakhlak yang baik.