bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulatory B cells protect against chronic hypoxia‐induced pulmonary hypertension by modulating the Tfh/Tfr immune balance
Authors: Li Cheng , Liu Pingping , Yao Huiling , Zhu Hao , Zhang Shaoze , Meng Fang , Li San , Li Guang , Peng Yanping , Gu Jing , Zhu Liming , Jiang Yongliang , Dai Aiguo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHypoxia‐induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is a progressive and lethal disease characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and obstructive vascular remodelling. Previous research demonstrated that Breg cells were involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension. This work aimed to evaluate the regulatory function of Breg cells in HPH. HPH mice model were established and induced by exposing to chronic hypoxia for 21 days. Mice with HPH were treated with anti‐CD22 or adoptive transferred of Breg cells. The coculture systems of Breg cells with CD4+ T cells and Breg cells with PASMCs in vitro were constructed. Lung pathology was evaluated by HE staining and immunofluorescence staining. The frequencies of Breg cells, Tfh cells and Tfr cells were analysed by flow cytometry. Serum IL‐21 and IL‐10 levels were determined by ELISA. Protein levels of Blimp‐1, Bcl‐6 and CTLA‐4 were determined by western blot and RT‐PCR. Proliferation rate of PASMCs was measured by EdU. Compared to the control group, mean PAP, RV/(LV + S) ratio, WA% and WT% were significantly increased in the model group. Anti‐CD22 exacerbated abnormal hemodynamics, pulmonary vascular remodelling and right ventricle hypertrophy in HPH, which ameliorated by adoptive transfer of Breg cells into HPH mice. The proportion of Breg cells on day 7 induced by chronic hypoxia was significantly higher than control group, which significantly decreased on day 14 and day 21. The percentage of Tfh cells was significantly increased, while percentage of Tfr cells was significantly decreased in HPH than those of control group. Anti‐CD22 treatment increased the percentage of Tfh cells and decreased the percentage of Tfr cells in HPH mice. However, Breg cells restrained the Tfh cells differentiation and expanded Tfr cells differentiation in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, Breg cells inhibited the proliferation of PASMCs under hypoxic condition in vitro. Collectively, these findings suggested that Breg cells may be a new therapeutic target for modulating the Tfh/Tfr immune balance in HPH.
A brief mindfulness intervention reduces the tendency to endorse negative Black stereotypes
Authors: Ingold Kimberly , Lueke Adam 
Published: October 2022

AbstractStress has been implicated in causing people to be more reliant on the use of stereotypes. Mindfulness has been shown to reduce stress, in addition to its promise as a method to reduce negative judgments of members from historically disadvantaged groups. The current study examined the possibility that a brief mindfulness meditation could reduce the reliance on negative Black stereotypes. Endorsement of White stereotypes was also examined. Furthermore, we investigated whether mindfulness could buffer against the tendency of stress to increase reliance on these stereotypes. Participants totaled 160 and were recruited from Mturk and a large Midwestern university. They listened to either a 10‐min mindfulness or control audio tape, then completed either a stressful task or control task before answering questions to gauge reliance on stereotypes. Results indicated that the mindfulness condition significantly reduced the tendency to rely on Black stereotypes in comparison with the control condition. Participants in the stress condition increased reliance on these stereotypes, but mindfulness did not buffer against this effect. Interestingly, mindfulness did not affect the tendency to endorse negative stereotypes about Whites, which tended to be higher than negative Black stereotypes. These results suggest that mindfulness may be particularly effective in reducing the reliance on negative Black stereotypes in neutral conditions, but perhaps not under stressful conditions. Implications and future directions are discussed.
Evaluation of housekeeping genes as references for quantitative real‐time PCR analysis of European eel, Anguilla anguilla
Authors: Li Ying‐Ying , Chen Xi , Yang Jin‐Xian , Chen Qiang , Song Tie‐Ying , Ge Jun‐Qing 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEels are important aquaculture species for which an increasing number of reference genes are being identified and applied. In this study, five housekeeping genes [RPL7 (ribosomal protein L7), 18 S (18 S ribosomal RNA), EF1A (elongation factor 1α), ACTB (β‐actin) and GAPDH (glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase)] were chosen to evaluate their reliability as reference genes for quantitative real‐time PCR (qPCR) for the study of Anguilla anguilla. The expression of the selected genes in different eel tissues was determined using qPCR at different growth stages or upon challenge by Anguillid herpesvirus (AngHV), and the expression levels of these genes were then compared and evaluated using the geNorm and NormFinder algorithms. Then, RefFinder was used to comprehensively rank the examined housekeeping genes. Interestingly, the expression of the evaluated housekeeping genes exhibited tissue‐dependent and treatment‐dependent variations. In different growth periods A. anguilla tissues, the most stable genes were the following: ACTB in mucus; 18 S in skin and kidney; RPL7 in muscle, gill, intestine and brain; EF1A in heart and liver; and GAPDH in spleen. In contrast, in AngHV‐challenged A. anguilla tissues, the most stable genes were the following: 18 S in mucus; RPL7 in skin, gill, heart, spleen, kidney and intestine; EF1A in muscle and liver; and ACTB in brain. Further comparison analysis indicated that the expression of RPL7 and EF1A was stable in multiple A. anguilla tissues in different growth periods and in eels challenged by AngHV. Nonetheless, the expression level of GAPDH in eel tissues was lower, and it was unstable in several tissues. These results indicated that the selection of reference genes for qPCR analysis in A. anguilla should be made in accordance with experimental parameters, and both RPL7 and EF1A could be used as reference genes for qPCR study of A. anguilla at different growth stages or upon challenge by AngHV. The reference genes identified in this study could improve the accuracy of qPCR data and facilitate further studies aimed at understanding the biology of eels.
Interplay of phytohormones and epigenetic regulation: A recipe for plant development and plasticity
Authors: Jiang Kai , Guo Hongwei , Zhai Jixian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBoth phytohormone signaling and epigenetic mechanisms have long been known to play crucial roles in plant development and plasticity in response to ambient stimuli. Indeed, diverse signaling pathways mediated by phytohormones and epigenetic processes integrate multiple upstream signals to regulate various plant traits. Emerging evidence indicates that phytohormones and epigenetic processes interact at multiple levels. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the interplay between phytohormones and epigenetic processes from the perspective of phytohormone biology. We also review chemical regulators used in epigenetic studies and propose strategies for developing novel regulators using multidisciplinary approaches.
α2δ‐1 protein drives opioid‐induced conditioned reward and synaptic NMDA receptor hyperactivity in the nucleus accumbens
Authors: Jin Daozhong , Chen Hong , Chen Shao‐Rui , Pan Hui‐Lin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGlutamate NMDA receptors (NMDARs) in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) are critically involved in drug dependence and reward. α2δ‐1 is a newly discovered NMDAR‐interacting protein that promotes synaptic trafficking of NMDARs independently of its conventional role as a calcium channel subunit. However, it remains unclear how repeated opioid exposure affects synaptic NMDAR activity and α2δ‐1‐NMDAR interaction in the NAc. In this study, whole‐cell patch‐clamp recordings showed that repeated treatment with morphine in mice markedly increased the NMDAR‐mediated frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) and amplitude of puff NMDAR currents in medium spiny neurons in the NAc core region. Morphine treatment significantly increased the physical interaction of α2δ‐1 with GluN1 and their synaptic trafficking in the NAc. In Cacna2d1 knockout mice, repeated treatment with morphine failed to increase the frequency of mEPSCs and amplitude of puff NMDAR currents in the NAc core. Furthermore, inhibition of α2δ‐1 with gabapentin or disruption of the α2δ‐1‐NMDAR interaction with the α2δ‐1 C terminus–interfering peptide blocked the morphine‐elevated frequency of mEPSCs and amplitude of puff NMDAR currents in the NAc core. Correspondingly, systemically administered gabapentin, Cacna2d1 ablation, or microinjection of the α2δ‐1 C terminus–interfering peptide into the NAc core attenuated morphine‐induced conditioned place preference and locomotor sensitization. Our study reveals that repeated opioid exposure strengthens presynaptic and postsynaptic NMDAR activity in the NAc via α2δ‐1. The α2δ‐1‐bound NMDARs in the NAc have a key function in the rewarding effect of opioids and could be targeted for treating opioid use disorder and addiction.image
Conduction block and temporal dispersion in a SIGMAR1‐related neuropathy
Authors: Frezatti Rodrigo Siqueira Soares , Tomaselli Pedro José , Figueiredo Fernanda Barbosa , Zuchner Stephan , Reilly Mary M , Marques Wilson 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe distal hereditary motor neuropathies (dHMN) encompass a group of peripheral nervous system disorders characterized by progressive distal predominant weakness and wasting, usually in a length‐dependent pattern. The classical neurophysiological pattern is a motor axonal neuropathy with chronic distal denervation/reinnervation on needle examination. Conduction block (CB) and temporal dispersion (TD) are electrophysiological features classically associated with acquired demyelinating neuropathies. Although they have rarely been reported in hereditary neuropathies, to date they have not been described in dHMN. We report a sporadic case of a patient with neurophysiological criteria consistent with multifocal motor neuropathy with CB (MMN) refractory to immunomodulation. WES revealed a homozygous nonsense pathogenic variant in sigma nonopioid intracellular receptor‐1 gene (SIGMAR1). SIGMAR1‐related disorders have been reported with distinctive features suggesting it is not a typical length‐dependent neuropathy. Nevertheless, CB and TD are unexpected and as far as we have known not been described previously in such patients. This case expands the neurophysiological spectrum of this disease and alerts clinicians to this acquired demyelinating motor neuropathy mimic.
Adult pain and anticipatory anxiety assessment in the emergency department: An integrative literature review
Authors: Mccahill Robyn , Keogh Samantha , Hughes James A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionPatients presenting to the emergency departments in pain often experience co‐occurring symptoms. Anticipatory anxiety in the emergency department may be currently under‐recognised. Clinical tools to facilitate the assessment of co‐occurring symptoms aligns with providing more patient centred care and improved outcomes and experience.AimsThis integrative review aimed to identify and examine the psychometric properties of tools currently used for pain and anticipatory anxiety assessment in adult patients presenting to the emergency department. This study also aimed to identify the current clinical practice used to assess adult pain and anticipatory anxiety.MethodsWhittemore and Knafl's methodology guided the review process, and it is reported according to relevant items from PRISMA checklist. Studies were included if they focused on tools for pain or anxiety assessment of adults in emergency departments in English language publications since 2010. Quality of studies was evaluated using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). The results were summarised through narrative synthesis.ResultsA total of 15 studies were identified for narrative synthesis. Six tools for pain, and four tools for anticipative anxiety were found. All currently used clinical tools assess symptoms in isolation. There was limited discussion of the clinical context of identified tools within the included studies.ConclusionPain and anxiety assessment are currently performed in symptom isolation with a variety of tools with varying degrees of reliability. There exists a lack of clinical tools able to assess co‐occurring symptoms of pain and anticipatory anxiety in the clinical setting of the emergency department. No studies discussed clinical tool use in current practice.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe reconstruction of available pain and anxiety assessment tools into one validated and holistic tool for assessment in the ED clinical setting, would provide a contextually appropriate guide to clinical assessment and treatment. Acknowledging and measuring these symptoms may facilitate future rigorous testing of experimental studies of novel methods to reduce pain and anxiety in the ED.No Patient or Public ContributionPatient or public contribution does not apply to this Integrative Review.Clinical Trial Registration NumberNot applicable.
Construction of a diagnostic classifier for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer based on XGBoost feature selection and random forest model
Authors: Zhang Jing , Yang Xiuqing , Chen Jia , Han Jing , Chen Xiaofeng , Fan Yueping , Zheng Hui 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe pathological phenotype of early‐stage cervical cancer (CC) is similar to that of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), which provides a challenge for the diagnosis of cervical precancerous lesions. Meanwhile, the existing diagnostic methods have certain subjectivity and limitations, resulting in the possibility of misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis. Hence, some methods are needed to assist diagnosis of CC and CIN.MethodsBased on the data of CIN and CC in gene expression omnibus (GEO) dataset, the eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithm was used to screen the feature genes between CIN and CC for constructing the classifier. Incremental feature selection (IFS) curve was also used for screening. The classifier was validated for reliability using principal component analysis (PCA) dimensionality reduction analysis and heat map analysis of gene expression. Then, differentially expressed genes of CIN and CC were intersected with the classifier genes. Genes in the intersection were used as seeds for protein–protein interaction network construction and restart random walk analysis. And the genes with the top 50 affinity coefficients were selected for gene ontology (GO) and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genome (KEGG) enrichment analyses to observe the biological functions with differences between CIN and CC.ResultsThe peripheral blood genes of CIN and CC were analyzed, and seven genes were screened. Using this gene for classifier construction, IFS curve screening revealed that the three‐feature gene classifier constructed according to the random forest model had the best effect. The results of PCA dimensionality reduction analysis and gene expression heat map analysis showed that the three‐gene classifier could effectively distinguish CIN from CC.ConclusionA three‐gene diagnostic classifier can effectively distinguish CIN patients from CC patients and provide a reference for the clinical diagnosis of early CC.
A grooved porous hydroxyapatite scaffold induces osteogenic differentiation via regulation of PKA activity by upregulating miR‐129‐5p expression
Authors: Deng Li , Li Xinlun , Ren Xiaohua , Lai Shuang , Zhu Yushu , Li Jing , Huang Hao , Mu Yandong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and objectiveHydroxyapatite scaffolds with different morphologies have been widely used in bone tissue engineering. Moreover, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been proven to be extensively involved in regulating bone regeneration. We developed grooved porous hydroxyapatite (HAG) scaffolds with good osteogenic efficiency. However, little is known about the role of miRNAs in HAG scaffold‐mediated promotion of bone regeneration. The objective of this study was to reveal the mechanism from the perspective of differential miRNA expression.MethodsScanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to perform the coculture of cells and scaffolds. The miRNA profiles were generated by a microarray assay. A synthetic miR‐129‐5p mimic and inhibitor were used for overexpression or inhibition. The expression of osteogenic marker mRNAs and proteins was detected by quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT–PCR), Western blotting, and immunofluorescence. An ALP activity kit and alizarin red staining (ARS) were used to measure ALP activity and mineral deposition formation. Cell migration ability was examined by wound healing and transwell assays. Protein kinase A (PKA) activity was measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) after miR‐129‐5p transfection. Target genes were identified by a dual‐luciferase reporter assay. H89 preculture evaluated the cross talk between miR‐129‐5p and PKA activity. Heterotopic implantation models, hematoxylin–eosin (HE), immunohistochemistry staining, and micro‐CT were used to evaluate miR‐129‐5p osteogenesis in vivo.ResultsmiRNAs were differentially expressed during osteogenic differentiation induced by HAG in vitro and in vivo. miR‐129‐5p was the only highly expressed miRNA both in vitro and in vivo. miR‐129‐5p overexpression promoted osteoblast differentiation and cell migration, while its inhibition weakened the effect of HAG. Moreover, miR‐129‐5p activated PKA to regulate the phosphorylation of β‐catenin and cAMP‐response element binding protein (CREB) by inhibiting cAMP‐dependent protein kinase inhibitor alpha (Pkia). H89 prevented the effects of miR‐129‐5p on osteogenic differentiation and cell migration. HE, immunohistochemistry staining and micro‐CT results showed that miR‐129‐5p promoted in vivo osteogenesis of the HAG scaffold.ConclusionThe HAG scaffold activates Pka by upregulating miR‐129‐5p and inhibiting Pkia, resulting in CREB‐dependent transcriptional activation and accumulation of β‐catenin and promoting osteogenic marker expression.
Molecular systematic analysis of the genus Notelaea (Oleaceae): SNPs from high‐density DArT‐sequencing unravel the mystery of the species limits of threatened species of Notelaea
Authors: Manawaduge Chapa , Brown Gillian , Simmons Catherine L. , Phillips Matthew J. , Fuller Susan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractConservation decision‐making and prioritization of management actions for taxa at high risk of extinction require a clear understanding of systematic relationships and species boundaries. Taxonomic uncertainty surrounds two threatened species of native olive (genus Notelaea) endemic to Australia. Notelaea ipsviciensis is known from only one small population and is listed as critically endangered under Australian and Queensland legislation, while Notelaea lloydii is listed as vulnerable due to its restricted distribution in south‐east Queensland, Australia. Notelaea ipsviciensis occurs in sympatry with N. lloydii, at the only site where it is found, and exhibits intermediate morphology between N. lloydii and Notelaea ovata raising speculation that it is a natural hybrid of the two. To address this uncertainty, we have reconstructed the molecular phylogeny of the genus Notelaea using both single‐gene sequencing and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data. While the chloroplast DNA markers were not found to be informative, the genome‐wide SNPs used in this study have unequivocally resolved the long‐standing question of the hybrid origin of N. ipsviciensis. Results of the phylogenetics and hybrid analyses of SNP data show that N. ipsviciensis is a natural hybrid of N. lloydii and N. ovata, and the taxon's circumscription needs to be re‐evaluated. Our results also revealed unclear species boundaries among numerous other Notelaea species, including the threatened N. lloydii, indicating that further investigation and taxonomic revision may be necessary.
Machine learning approach for obstructive sleep apnea screening using brain diffusion tensor imaging
Authors: Pang Bo , Doshi Suraj , Roy Bhaswati , Lai Milena , Ehlert Luke , Aysola Ravi S. , Kang Daniel W. , Anderson Ariana , Joshi Shantanu H. , Tward Daniel , Scalzo Fabien , Vacas Susana , Kumar Rajesh 
Published: October 2022

SummaryPatients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) show autonomic, mood, cognitive, and breathing dysfunctions that are linked to increased morbidity and mortality, which can be improved with early screening and intervention. The gold standard and other available methods for OSA diagnosis are complex, require whole‐night data, and have significant wait periods that potentially delay intervention. Our aim was to examine whether using faster and less complicated machine learning models, including support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF), with brain diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data can classify OSA from healthy controls. We collected two DTI series from 59 patients with OSA [age: 50.2 ± 9.9 years; body mass index (BMI): 31.5 ± 5.6 kg/m2; apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI): 34.1 ± 21.2 events/h 23 female] and 96 controls (age: 51.8 ± 9.7 years; BMI: 26.2 ± 4.1 kg/m2; 51 female) using a 3.0‐T magnetic resonance imaging scanner. Using DTI data, mean diffusivity maps were calculated from each series, realigned and averaged, normalised to a common space, and used to conduct cross‐validation for model training and selection and to predict OSA. The RF model showed 0.73 OSA and controls classification accuracy and 0.85 area under the curve (AUC) value on the receiver‐operator curve. Cross‐validation showed the RF model with comparable fitting over SVM for OSA and control data (SVM; accuracy, 0.77; AUC, 0.84). The RF ML model performs similar to SVM, indicating the comparable statistical fitness to DTI data. The findings indicate that RF model has similar AUC and accuracy over SVM, and either model can be used as a faster OSA screening tool for subjects having brain DTI data.
Texture modulation of starch‐based closed‐cell foams using 3D printing: Deformation behavior beyond the elastic regime
Authors: Fahmy Ahmed Raouf , Jekle Mario , Becker Thomas 
Published: October 2022

Abstract3‐dimensional printing is a novel processing method used for the design and manipulation of food textures. The systematic characterization and modulation of 3D printed food textures is imperative for the future design of sensory profiles using additive manufacturing. For 3D printed closed‐cell food foams, the clarification of the deformation behavior in relation to design parameters is of interest for the processing of customized food textures. For this reason, we studied the deformation behavior of 3D printed and thermally stabilized closed‐cell starch‐based foams beyond the elastic regime. Periodic spherical bubble configurations at different porosity levels were used to modulate the deformation behavior of the printed foams. From a processing perspective, the integration of in‐line thermal stabilization was used to eliminate post‐processing and to control the moisture content of the starch‐based system. Compression analysis combined with FEM simulations were performed to characterize the strain rate dependency of textural properties, the stress relaxation, and the foam's stress–strain behavior with respect to the design porosity and bubble distribution. Results showed that the stress relaxation is solely dependent on cell wall properties while different stress–strain regimes showed distinct dependencies on design parameters such as bubble size and distribution. Consequently, the precise control of the large deformation behavior of foods using 3D printing is challenging due to the superposition of structural and geometrical dependencies. Finally, through the presented approach, the structure‐deformation relations of 3D printed closed‐cell food structures are adequately described.