bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Āśvamedhika- and Āśrāmavāsikaparvans
Authors: Hiltebeitel Alf 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Books 14 and 15 are “great wonders” in the Parvasaṃgraha, but present different interpretative problems. It is unclear why the rambling Book 14 should be called a wonder. It is probably due to two units near its end: Kṛṣṇa’s revival of the stillborn baby Parikṣit (Janamejaya’s father), and its wonder-rich coda, the Nakula-Upākhyāna (“Mongoose’s Side Tale”), which again features gleaning. Book 15, however, reads compactly, like the author’s signature exemplar of a book about wonders. Everything is centered on Vyāsa’s three consecutive thaumaturgic wonders in the putradarśana (“viewing the sons”) sub-parvan. First he raises all the war’s dead from the Gaṅgā so that the living, including the blind Dhṛtarāṣṭra, can see, touch, and hear their sons and other loved ones. Then he invites the hundred Kauravas’ widows to jump into the river “quickly and unconfused” if they wish to rejoin their husbands. Janamejaya then gets Vyāsa to show him Parikṣit as he was in life. In treating the second wonder, which evokes satī by drowning, Hindu values are accented: Vyāsa’s concern as paterfamilias for the family he sired through Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the inviolability of Hindu marriage and inconceivability of divorce even after sixteen years of separation, and Janamejaya’s faith in Vyāsa.
From Hysteria to Justice
Authors: DePrince Anne P. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This chapter is a call to action to work together to end violence against women while addressing some of the most pressing problems of our time. Violence against women costs billions of dollars each year, contributing to widespread poverty even as economic uncertainty makes intimate partner abuse more likely. All the while, justice remains out of reach in today’s legal systems. The chapter provides a rationale and approach for change, drawing on community organizing and prevention science. Next, the author offers examples of areas for collaborative work that span promoting healthy relationships, advancing antipoverty action, trauma-informed education, engaging business in prevention, working for racial justice, and addressing environmental sustainability.
In Person and Online
Authors: Bowman Judith 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This chapter summarizes the status of online learning as published in some recent national reports and the status of online learning in music as reported in a national survey of online courses in music. It offers an objective perspective on similarities and differences between face-to-face and online teaching and learning. It cites the “no significant difference” phenomenon while acknowledging the special challenges imposed on infrastructure by online music instruction. It highlights accreditation standards relevant to online music teaching and learning as well as quality standards for online education. It reviews some fundamental principles that apply to learning generally as well as to online learning in any discipline. Finally, it describes a theoretical framework for online learning that has implications for teaching personas and online pedagogy.
Music Appreciation
Authors: Bowman Judith 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This chapter describes issues related to teaching music appreciation online and presents experiences with online music appreciation instruction in narratives provided by professors teaching music appreciation online. It provides background on music appreciation pedagogy, including significant conferences on music in general studies. It describes the nature of music appreciation study as rooted in the disciplines of music theory and musicology, lists accreditation standards for music in general studies, and explains its signature pedagogy. It reviews the state of the practice, including pedagogical innovations as reported in the literature and the status of online music appreciation instruction as reported in a national survey. It features two professors who describe their online teaching experiences: music appreciation online for a diverse audience and music appreciation online for adult learners. Each professor offers suggestions for prospective online music appreciation teachers, and the chapter concludes with some lessons drawn from the field.
The New Nationalism in America and Beyond
Authors: Schertzer Robert , Woods Eric Taylor 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Across the West, there has been a resurgence of ethnic nationalism, populism, and anti-immigrant sentiment—a phenomenon that many commentators have called the “new nationalism.” This book seeks to understand why the bastions of liberalism are proving to be fertile ground for a decidedly illiberal ideology. To do so, it examines three of the most successful exemplars of the new nationalism: Donald Trump in the US, Marine Le Pen in France, and Brexit in the UK. To understand the success of these new nationalists, it looks at the role of white majorities, their cultures, and their histories. Through a careful analysis of the social media campaigns of Trump, Le Pen, and the Brexit campaigners, the book shows how today’s new nationalists are cultivating support from white majorities by drawing from long-standing myths and symbols to construct an image of the nation as an ethnic community. This multidisciplinary approach—combining elements of political science, sociology, history, and communication and media studies—shows how leaders today are updating the historical foundations of ethnic nationalism for the digital age. This analysis helps us see that the success of Trump, Le Pen, and Brexit are only puzzling if we accept the myth that America, France, and Britain are liberal, civic nations. As the book demonstrates, each of these political communities has long been defined by a tradition of ethnic nationalism that continues to shape politics today. In short, the new nationalism is not so new.
Ruptures and Continuities in Modern Islamic Thought
Authors: Mubarak Hadia 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This chapter places four modern Qurʾanic commentators—Muḥammad ʿAbduh (1849–1905), Rashīd Riḍā (1865–1935), Sayyid Quṭb (1906–1966), and Muḥammad al-Ṭāhir ibn ʿĀshūr (1879–1973)—within broader typologies of modern Muslim thought: Islamic modernism, Reform-Salafism, Islamism, and neo-traditionalism. Avoiding the pitfalls of using labels, this chapter highlights the individual over the ideological by analyzing modern exegetes through the lens of their personal biographies. In order to accurately capture each commentator’s intellectual trajectory and vision for change, I revisit their personal biographies in light of broader political and structural developments in Egypt and Tunisia during the first half of the twentieth century. Due to the rapidly changing contexts of twentieth-century North Africa, I argue that each intellectual encountered a different mode of Arab modernity, which necessitated a different interaction with it. Whereas ʿAbduh and Riḍā encountered a modernity specifically associated with the West, Ibn ʿĀshūr and Quṭb encountered new realities of centralized Arab nation-states and the forging of new national identities, which shapes their vision and thought.
Rebellious Wives
Authors: Mubarak Hadia 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
No other verse in the Qurʾan has garnered as much controversy in the scholarly debate on women in the Qurʾan as Q. 4:34. Despite the proliferation of works on Q. 4:34, most of this literature does not interrogate the contributions of modern exegesis, as a genre, to interpretations of this verse. This chapter explores significant shifts in modern Qurʾanic commentaries on Q. 4:34 in contrast to five medieval interpretations. The new framing that modern exegetes bring to Q. 4:34 illustrates their engagement in a dialectic with contemporaneous debates on women in Islam. This chapter further brings attention to a neglected yet significant modern interpretation of Q. 4:34 that involves legal authorities in the adjudication of nushūz cases. By disrupting prevalent conceptions of the exegetical tradition as monolithic, this chapter carves a discursive space for the exegetical tradition in contemporary efforts to recover Islam’s egalitarian impulses.
Conclusion
Authors: Mubarak Hadia 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Far from being monolithic, the Qurʾanic exegetical tradition has been marked by a diversity of methodology and interpretation. Unlike the assumptions made by a few scholars of the Qurʾan, this book’s findings demonstrate that exegetes gain authority for new interpretations not by repeating the conclusions of their predecessors but by grounding their opinions in recognized methodological precedents. While the exegetical tradition has been the bearer of interpretive authority over the Qurʾan’s meaning, this tradition is not a hermetically sealed box. All three modern Qurʾanic commentaries challenge the dominant interpretation of one of the four verses this book examines. Accordingly, an analysis of the Qurʾanic exegetical tradition creates new sites of engagement for Muslims who refuse to define tradition and egalitarianism as mutually exclusive pursuits. This finding suggests that we may want to reconsider dismissing this body of work as one that exhibits “intolerance” for radically new interpretations of women.
Never Stop Making Them Pay
Authors: Rivera Takeo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Chapter 4 turns to the 2006–2007 run of Marvel Comics’ Incredible Hulk penned by Korean American writer and filmmaker Greg Pak, entitled Planet Hulk and World War Hulk. In these two sequential storylines of superhero comics, Pak reinterprets the Hulk as a loose allegory of Asian American ressentiment who becomes a utopian revolutionary leader of other fellow abjected monsters, only for his own rage to bring everything to ruin. Yet, the Hulk opens greater political possibilities not through the moral economy of ressentiment, but through the embrace of his penetrability and pleasurable de-subjectification, that is to say, masochism. Pak’s Hulk demonstrates the crucial differences between ressentiment’s “politics of woundedness” and the pleasures of masochism, ultimately offering a contentiously optimistic vision of masochism as a potential dialectical corrective to contemporary Asian American cultural politics.
Asians Never Stare into Your Eyes
Authors: Rivera Takeo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Analyzing flatness as an affective mode of techno-oriental racialization, Chapter 5 turns to two experimental works of literature: Tao Lin’s semiautobiographical novel Taipei (2013) and Tan Lin’s fictional memoir Insomnia and the Aunt (2011), texts that conceptualize Asianness itself as affective flatness accessible through technological mediation. In the ostensibly postracial Taipei, Tan Lin produces an aesthetic of flatness to demonstrate the Asian male protagonist’s interface with high technology and new media, although close examination of the text reveals that the means of accessing Asianness is precisely through becoming-machine. Meanwhile, Tan Lin’s Insomnia situates its narrator reflecting on his childhood with his Chinese aunt, with whom he watches television late into the night, portraying a complex relationship between affective flatness, becoming- machine, and Asian American subjectification. Together, these texts express a racial phenomenology inherited by the techno-orientalization elaborated in Chapters 1 and 2, suggesting that Asian American masculinity retains masochistic attachment to machineness.
Coda
Authors: Rivera Takeo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This short coda offers a short personal reflection from the author regarding his own relationship to model minority masochism, and the relevance of the manuscript’s polemic at the time of writing in the early 2020s. This conclusion takes a cautiously hopeful stance on masochism as a potential route to a radical Asian American political future, a means through which the model minority may actually unravel despite having sustained it.
Introduction
Authors: Palis Eleni 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The introduction theorizes a new term, “film quotation” for the medium-specific re-framing, and re-viewing of preexisting films within subsequent films. This chapter theorizes film quotation as a visual corollary to literary quotation, drawing on the way humanities make meaning; the pull-quote, epigraph, and quotation remain the standard for citing evidence, invoking authority, or interrogating both literary and scholarly writing. This chapter theorizes film quotation as a specific manifestation within film intertextuality, in a specific historical frame. By focusing on film quotations of classical Hollywood film--mainstream American studio production, 1915-1950--as quoted in post-classical Hollywood, roughly 1960 to present, accesses a key turn in Hollywood and American cultural history, allowing post-classical cinema to visualize its own “belatedness,” its awareness of coming after a “classical” period. As a constitutive element of post-classical authorship, film quotations amass and manufacture “classical” Hollywood in retrospective, simultaneously creative and critical ways
Foreign and Domestic Film Quotation
Authors: Palis Eleni 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Chapter 5 interrogates classical Hollywood’s “foreign policy,” unpacking foreign and domestic dichotomies in quotation to reveal their essential construction. Eat a Bowl of Tea (Wang, 1989) dramatizes how Hollywood projects imagined “foreign” and “domestic” people and places in anxious disavowal and conflict about American identity. Wang’s film juxtaposes the transnational movement of Hollywood film distribution and American immigrants, an ironic comparison of mutually informing mobilities: Hollywood Orientalisms fed domestic disenfranchisement and discrimination against Chinese American immigrants. Hollywood foreign policy appears most overtly in Eat a Bowl’s quotation of Frank Capra’s Orientalist epic Lost Horizon (1937). Wang’s quotations reveal how Lost Horizon, The Lady from Shanghai (Welles, 1947), and Holiday (Cukor, 1938) project imperial imaginaries, casting “foreign” spaces and people as exotic backdrop, dangerous adventures, or adversaries to externalize and disavow domestic anxieties. In critical, quotational opposition, Eat a Bowl forges new representational space, claiming a national, racial, and representational autonomy.
The “Market-Conforming Family” in the Era of Labor Recruitment
Authors: Stokes Lauren 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This chapter examines the period of labor recruitment between 1955 and 1973, when West Germany encouraged the migration of family units as a way to discourage intermarriage between foreign workers and German nationals and to access female labor. Strong demand for female labor accelerated the formation of “foreign” families with children. Migrants subsequently brought extended family members with them, in part to provide child care while mothers worked. The 1973 “Spanish grandmother” case established that Article 6 of the Basic Law—“Marriage and the family shall enjoy the special protection of the state”—also applied to the foreign family. This era also saw the racialization of the foreign family. Arguments for family migration often rested on the idea that “Mediterranean” or “Southern” workers were uniquely dependent on their families. This stereotype enabled German officials to depoliticize migrant actions on behalf of families and to downplay the beginning of a long-term settlement process as a cultural peculiarity.
Dancing on Bones
Authors: Stallard Katie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Dancing on Bones examines how the leaders of Russia, China, and North Korea exploit the history of past wars—specifically World War II and the Korean War—to shore up popular support and frame contemporary challenges and foreign policy. This book traces the history of how successive ruling regimes have approached this period of history from 1945 to the present day, examining the political utility of historical memory and attempts to enforce a collective national narrative through patriotic education, propaganda, memory laws, censorship, harassment of individual historians, and appeals to nationalism and national pride. It draws on research in Beijing, Moscow, Pyongyang, Seoul, Crimea, Shanghai, and Donetsk and covers events such as Russia’s annexation of Crimea, the 2013–2014 Maidan Revolution and subsequent conflict in Ukraine; the Tiananmen crackdown in 1989; Gorbachev’s Glasnost and Perestroika reforms; the collapse of the Soviet Union; Vladimir Putin’s rise to power, his return to the presidency for a third term, and constitutional reforms; and leadership transitions in North Korea from Kim Il Sung to Kim Jong Il to Kim Jong Un. Key figures covered within the book include Joseph Stalin, Nikita Khrushchev, Leonid Brezhnev, Mikhail Gorbachev, Vladimir Putin, Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin, Xi Jinping, Kim Il Sung, Kim Jong Il, and Kim Jong Un.
Introduction
Authors: Stallard Katie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This chapter introduces the topic of historical memory of World War II and regime support in Russia, China, and North Korea. It draws on Russia’s annexation of Crimea in 2014 and the use of World War II symbols and narratives in Vladimir Putin’s framing of the crisis. This chapter also introduces the decision to extend the length of World War II in China under Xi Jinping from eight to fourteen years, and the role of wartime history in the Kim regime’s claim to power and pursuit of nuclear weapons and long-range missiles in North Korea.
Myth
Authors: Stallard Katie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This chapter covers Kim Il Sung’s rise to power in North Korea and the use of World War II history in his legitimating narrative, specifically focused on his claim to have played a key role in ending Japanese colonial rule in 1945 and the history of his guerrilla struggle. It examines the version of history that the Kim dynasty propagates in North Korea and how that story has been embellished and falsified over time. It also explores the relevance of this history to the contemporary regime under Kim Jong Un and the false claim that North Korea was invaded at the start of the Korean War in 1950. It covers the period from 1940 to 1948.
Enemies
Authors: Stallard Katie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This chapter explores the version of history North Korea tells its citizens about the Korean War, including how the war started, alleged atrocities perpetrated against civilians during the war, the extent of the air war, and the claim that the armistice with which the conflict ended was a great victory for Kim Il Sung. It examines how the regime draws on exaggerated claims of the threat the country faces to justify the Kim family’s pursuit of nuclear weapons and missile technology. It also covers the Chinese Communist Party’s narrative of the Korean War and associated anti-American propaganda campaign. This chapter covers the period 1950–1962.
Victims
Authors: Stallard Katie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This chapter covers the crackdown on protesters in Tiananmen Square in June 1989 and the Chinese Communist Party’s subsequent attempts to shore up public support through appeals to nationalism and a nationwide patriotic education campaign. It examines the crisis of faith that followed the death of Mao Zedong in 1976 and the erosion of support for Communism and socialism during the reform period under Deng Xiaoping. It explores the Chinese Communist Party’s decision to emphasize China’s history of past victimization and national humiliation to frame the necessity of its own contemporary leadership, including the purported century of humiliation that began with the Opium Wars of the nineteenth century and concluded with the Japanese invasion at the start of World War II. It covers the period 1976–1994.
Control
Authors: Stallard Katie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This chapter examines the Kremlin’s attempts to enforce its preferred narrative of World War II—the Great Patriotic War—through memory laws, popular campaigns, harassment of historians and nongovernmental organizations, and the creation of patriotic groups and initiatives. This includes the 2014 law prohibiting the rehabilitation of Nazism, attacks on the Memorial organization and its members, and official efforts nominally claiming to counter the falsification of history. It explores the regime’s response to anti-government protests in Russia in 2011–2012 ahead of Putin’s third term as president and efforts to shore up popular support through appeals to nationalism and the cultivation of external threats. It also examines the role of color revolutions and mass demonstrations in shaping official perceptions of threats to Putin’s rule. It covers the period 2011–2018.
Using a Historical Analogy as a Research Strategy
Authors: Egloff Florian J. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
What is an analogy? How does one use a historical analogy for research? And how does this book investigate pirates, privateers, and mercantile companies using such a research strategy? This chapter provides answers. It explains the status of the knowledge claims made, argues why disrupting the current discourse with a historical analogy can be theoretically and empirically productive, and sets up the main conceptual toolkit to pursue the specific historical analogical research strategy employed in this book. It introduces state proximity as a conceptual lens and uses it to elaborate a baseline understanding of the different actors. It categorizes them into state, semi-state, and non-state actors, while recognizing that the boundaries between them are fluid. Finally, to capture the evolution of state proximity of the actors and its implications for security and policy across time, it introduces a macro-historical process perspective and identifies three focuses for the historical research.
Cyber Pirates and Privateers
Authors: Egloff Florian J. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This chapter analogizes the relationship between Russian cybercrime and the state to historical privateers and pirates and draws insights based on the type of relationship found and the political strategies used to interact with such actors. The first part shows how historical strategies used to link piracy to a government are implemented today to transform hacking into state-sponsored hacking, using the case of Estonia (2007). This sheds light on elements of the politics of attribution. The second part analyses three criminal cases discussing the risks and opportunities associated with the closeness between cybercrime and politics. The analysis focuses on the longevity and path dependencies. The identification of drivers and feedback-loops refines our understanding of the difficulty to exit a policy of political cybercriminal nexus. This offers a conceptual explanation of the stability of politically constituted cyber insecurity.
Conclusion
Authors: Egloff Florian J. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This concluding chapter takes stock of these main insights of the book and assesses their broader implications for the study of cybersecurity and international relations. In particular it discusses the implications for international security of the three main claims advanced. First, how pirates and privateers can shed light onto narratives of state proximity, attribution, and emerging shared understandings of state sponsorship. Second, how the institutions of privateering highlights longevity and its effects on state capability building. Finally, how the application of the analogy to mercantile companies sharpens the focus on how their cooperative and conflictive relations to states, and practices of self-protection, influence cyber(in-)security. The three claims generate insights on how semi-state actors are historically and contemporarily linked to understandings of statehood, sovereignty, and the legitimacy of the state. The book concludes with an outlook on the further study semi-state and non-state actors in cyber(in-)security and beyond.