bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 and driving behavior: Which were the most crucial influencing factors?
Authors: Sekadakis Marios , Katrakazas Christos , Michelaraki Eva , Ziakopoulos Apostolos , Yannis George 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper tries to identify and investigate the most significant factors that influenced the relationship between COVID-19 pandemic metrics (i.e., COVID-19 cases, fatalities and reproduction rate) and restrictions (i.e., stringency index and lockdown measures) with driving behavior in the entire 2020. To that aim, naturalistic driving data for a 12-month timeframe were exploited and analyzed. The examined driving behavior variables included harsh acceleration and harsh braking events concerning the time period before, during and after the lockdown measures in Greece. The harsh events were extracted using data obtained by a specially developed smartphone application which were transmitted to a back-end telematic platform between the 1st of January and the 31st of December, 2020. Based on the collected data, XGBoost feature analysis algorithms were deployed in order to obtain the most significant factors. Furthermore, a comparison among the first COVID-19 lockdown (i.e., February to May 2020), the second one (i.e., August to November 2020) and the period without COVID-19 restrictions was drawn. COVID-19 new cases and new fatalities were the most significant factors related to COVID-19 metrics impacting driving behavior. Additionally, the correlation between driving behavior with other factors (i.e., distance travelled, mobile use, driving requests, driving during risky hours) was revealed. Furthermore, the differences and similarities of the harsh events between the two lockdown periods were identified. This paper tries to fill this gap in existing literature concerning a feature analysis for the entire 2020 and including the first and second lockdown restrictions of the COVID-19 pandemic in Greece.
Association of Metabolically Healthy Obesity in Young Adulthood with Myocardial Structure and Function
Authors: Wang Peng , Liu Menghui , Zhuang Xiaodong , Guo Yue , Xiong Zhenyu , He Lixiang , Cai Xiaojie , Chen Zhuohui , Peng Longyun , Liao Xinxue 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Obesity is major cause of cardiovascular diseases. Metabolically health obesity (MHO) may increase heart failure risk early in life, and may be reflected in impaired cardiac structure and function. Therefore, we aimed to examine the relationship between MHO in young adulthood and cardiac structure and function.
Methods: A total of 3,066 participants from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study were included, who completed echocardiography in young adulthood and middle age. The participants were grouped by obesity status (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2) and poor metabolic health (≥ 2 criteria for metabolic syndrome) into four metabolic phenotypes as follows: metabolically healthy non-obesity (MHN), MHO, metabolically unhealthy non-obesity (MUN), metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO). The associations of the metabolic phenotypes (MHN serving as the reference) with left ventricular (LV) structure and function were evaluated using multiple linear regression models.
Results: At baseline, mean age was 25 years, 56.4% were women, and 44.7% were black. After a follow-up 25 years, MUN in young adulthood was associated with worse LV diastolic function (E/é ratio, β [95% CI], 0.73 [0.18, 1.28]), worse systolic function (global longitudinal strain [GLS], 0.60 [0.08, 1.12]) in comparison with MHN. MHO and MUO were associated with LV hypertrophy (LV mass index, 7.49 g/m2 [4.63, 10.35]; 18.23 g/m2 [12.47, 23.99], respectively), worse diastolic function (E/é ratio, 0.67 [0.31, 1.02]; 1.47 [0.79, 2.14], respectively), and worse systolic function (GLS, 0.72 [0.38, 1.06]; 1.35 [0.64, 2.05], respectively) in comparison with MHN. These results were consistent in several sensitivity analyses.
Conclusions: In this community-based cohort using data from the CARDIA study, obesity in young adulthood was significantly associated with LV hypertrophy, worse systolic and diastolic function regardless of metabolic status.
Active Moms: A Feasibility Study of a Community-Based and Home-Based Physical Activity Intervention for Low-Income, Ethnic-Minority Mothers
Authors: Arevalo Wendy Miranda , Caicedo Brianna Isabel , Urizar Guido , Schroeder Jan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Despite the health benefits of physical activity, increasing regular physical activity levels among low-income, ethnic-minority mothers has remained a significant challenge. Yet, few studies have examined the feasibility of implementing interventions to address physical activity barriers often experienced by this population.
Methods: The current mixed-methods feasibility study explored the impact that a three-month community-based (CBI) and a home-based intervention (HBI) had on improving physical activity and fitness levels, as well as psychosocial outcomes (self-efficacy and social support) among low-income, ethnic-minority mothers. Thirty mothers were randomized (parallel assignment design; simple random sampling) to either a three-month community-based intervention (CBI) or a home-based intervention (HBI) and completed pre- and post-intervention assessments of physical activity (self-report, accelerometer), fitness (cardiorespiratory, muscle endurance and strength, flexibility), self-efficacy, and social support. Post-intervention focus groups were also conducted. Repeated Measures ANCOVA analyses were conducted to test for possible intervention by time effects for randomization group (CBI vs. HBI) on physical activity, fitness, and psychosocial outcomes (self-efficacy and social support) across four study time points (baseline, one-month, two-month, and three-months), adjusting for baseline fitness levels.
Results: Mothers in both groups (CBI and HBI) showed significant improvements in their physical activity and fitness levels, and short-term improvements in receiving social support for physical activity. However, only mothers in the CBI group showed improvements in their self-efficacy for physical activity. Qualitative responses revealed mothers’ barriers and facilitators to program participation and suggestions for program improvement.
Conclusions: These results support the efficacy of CBIs and HBIs in improving physical activity and fitness levels and have important implications for improving health outcomes among low-income, ethnic-minority mothers (TRN: NCT05540509; 9/12/22; retrospectively registered; ClinicalTrials.org).
A novel spectrogram visual security encryption algorithm based on block compressed sensing and Five-Dimensional chaotic system
Authors: Yan fabaoo , Shen Yupeng , Zou Tao , Wu Zhao , Su Yanrui 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Based on the block compressed sensing theory (BCS), combined with the five-dimensional chaotic system, we propose and analysis a novel spectrogram visual security encryption algorithm. The research is devoted to solving the compression, encryption and steganography problems of spectrograms with large data volume and high complexity. Firstly, Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is applied to process the spectrogram to generate the coefficient matrix. Then block compressed sensing is applied to compress and pre-encrypt the spectrogram. Secondly, the study designed a new five-dimensional chaotic system. Then several typical evaluation methods, such as phase diagram, Lyapunov exponent (LE), bifurcation diagram and sample entropy (SE) are applied to deeply analyze the chaotic behavior and dynamic performance of the system. Moreover, the corresponding Simulink model has been built, which proves the realizability of the chaotic system. Importantly, the measurement matrix required for compressed sensing is constructed by the chaotic sequence. Thirdly, performing dynamic Josephus scrambling and annular diffusion on the secret image to get the cipher image. Finally, an improved least significant bit embedding method (LSB) and Alpha channel synchronous embedding are designed to obtain the steganographic image with visual security properties. To make the initial keys of each image is completely different from other images, the required keys are produced using the SHA-256 algorithm. The experimental results confirm that the visual security cryptosystem designed in this study has better compression performance, visual security and reconstruction quality, and are able to effectively defense a variety of conventional attack methods, such as statistical attacks and entropy attacks.
Trends and urban-rural disparities in the utilization of Basic Public Health Service projects from 2017 to 2021 in Guangzhou, China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Yang Yiting , Wang Chang , Lin Guozhen , Lin Weiquan , Liu Hui , Li Yaohui , Sun Minying , Zhou Qin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
As national funding for Basic Public Health Service (BPHS) projects continues to increase in China, it is important to evaluate trends and urban-rural disparities in the utilization of the BPHS. This study aimed to identify trends in the utilization of BPHS projects in Guangzhou between 2017 and 2021, and the differences between urban and rural areas.
Methods
Data for this study were collected from the “National BPHS Project Management Information System.” Cochran-Armitage tests for trends were used to analyze trends in the count data, which were reported as rates, and Chi-square tests were used to examine regional differences in the count data.
Results
Over the five-year study period, only the percentage of children aged 0–6 years utidlizing health management services showed a downward trend, while the rest of the indicators showed increasing trens or remained unchanged in Guangzhou. The coverage of paper health records, coverage of electronic health records, percentage of newborn follow-up visits, percentage of older adults utilizing health management services, blood pressure control rate among patients receiving standardized management, rate of tuberculosis (TB) patient management, and rate of health management by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) among older adults in urban areas was lower than that in rural areas. The rest of the indicators did not differ or were lower in rural areas than in urban areas.
Conclusions
The use of the majority of BPHS services has increased dramatically. However, there remains a gap between the implementation of TCM health management and other programs, and it is recommended that they be combined with programs serving similar populations to increase the rate of TCM health management.
THE VALUE OF |ω+1| IN ZF¬C SYSTEM AND THE CONTINUUM HYPOTHESIS
Authors: KUNT İBRAHİM 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Using the relationship between the ordinal number \(\omega\) and the Cantor Diagonal Method, I study the cardinality of the digits of real numbers in a defined range. Using the results I have reached, I show the value of \(\left|\omega +1\right|\) in the ZF¬C system, and I present some conclusions regarding the Continuum Hypothesis through these results.
Designing embedded retaining walls relying on the Generalized Coefficient of Earth Pressure and the elastic beam theory
Authors: Pantelidis Lysandros 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Intermediate values of earth pressure occur if the wall movement is insufficient to mobilize the active or passive limiting values. These values are of particular importance for designing embedded retaining walls, due to their flexible characteristics. The methods included in a standard are supposed to reflect the best (current) practice, however, the empirical methods included in EN1997-1:2004 and prEN1997-3:2022 are far from being considered reliable. Very recently, the author proposed a continuum mechanics approach for deriving earth pressure coefficients for any soil state between the at-rest state and the active or passive state, applicable to cohesive-frictional soils and both horizontal and vertical pseudo-static conditions. The same method also provides analytical expression for the calculation of the required wall movement (at any depth) for the mobilization of the active or passive failure state. In the present paper the author suggests a new, fully analytical method for designing embedded retaining walls, combining the aforementioned method with the well-known elastic beam theory. An application example is given indicating remarkable agreement with the finite element method, while when the proposed method is followed, more stable results are obtained.
Interaction-driven Spontaneous Ferromagnetic Insulating States with Odd Chern Numbers
Authors: Phillips Philip , Mai Peizhi , Huang Edwin , Yu Jiachen , Feldman Benjamin Ezekiel 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Motivated by recent experimental work on moir\'e systems in a strong magnetic field, we compute the compressibility as well as the spin correlations and Hofstadter spectrum of spinful electrons on a honeycomb lattice with Hubbard interactions using determinantal quantum Monte Carlo. While the interactions in general preserve quantum and anomalous Hall states, new features arise corresponding to a Mott insulator at half-filling and other incompressible states following the Chern sequence ± (2N+1). These new odd integer Chern states exhibit strong ferromagnetic correlations and arise spontaneously without any external mechanism for breaking the spin-rotation symmetry. Analogs of these magnetic states should be observable in general interacting quantum Hall systems. In addition, the interacting Hofstadter spectrum is qualitatively similar to the experimental data at intermediate values of the on-site interaction.
Numerical Analysis of a GaAs-based Hybrid Plasmonic Waveguide with Nanoscale Optical Confinement and Low Losses
Authors: sharma tarun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Numerical analysis of a hybrid plasmonic (HP) waveguide for deep sub-wavelength optical confinement and long-range propagation with low loss is presented here. Two types of material platforms, namely, Si/SiO2/Au and GaAs/SiO2/Ag were analyzed to optimize the HP waveguide. The mode character, an important and crucial design parameter for HP waveguides, was calculated based on the coupled mode theory, providing the coupling strength between the SPP and optical mode. As for the Si/SiO2/Au HP waveguide, the coupling strength varied from 0.47 to 0.60 with a mode area ranging from 0.0002 to 0.001 /µm2 and mode character near to the SPP mode character (i.e. |a+(tsi, w,td|= 0.47). While for the GaAs/SiO2/Ag HP waveguide, the coupling strength varied from 0.57 to 0.69 with a mode area ranging 0.0002 to 0.0004 /µm2 and mode character to SPP approached as |a+(tGaAs,w,td|= 0.49. Finally, a finite element method (FEM) model was used to investigate the modal properties. The simulation analysis shows that at td = 10 nm the GaAs/SiO2/Ag waveguide gives 50% larger propagation length (205µm), ten times smaller mode area (0.0002) with 60% lower modal propagation loss (0.021db/µm), and 20% stronger coupling strength (0.62) with HPP mode character as 0.48 as compared to Si/SiO2/Au.
Immediate surgical mesh-free implant-based breast reconstruction with fascial flap in breast cancer patients after mastectomy
Authors: Chen Ao-Xiang , Chen Xiao , Yu Yue , Wang Xin , Zhang Bin , Cao Xu-Chen 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Surgical meshes are often used in retro-pectoral implant-based breast reconstruction (IBBR) to improve lower pole expansion. However, using of surgical meshes is associated with increased complications and costs. To solve this problem, we have adopted a modified fascia-based IBBR technique using fasciae of pectoral major, serratus anterior, and external oblique muscles to form a sling covering the lower pole of prosthesis since 2014.
Methods
Data of 788 retro-pectoral IBBR cases, including 250 fascia-based IBBR cases (fascial group) and 538 traditional IBBR cases (control group), treated between 2014 and 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The surgical outcomes of the fascial and control group were compared. The primary endpoint was the rate of post-operative complications requiring interventions. The secondary endpoint was the rate of explantation. The exploratory endpoint was the time from surgery to complication and explantation.
Results
The fascial group had significantly lower rates of developing major post-operative complications (1.2% vs. 6.1%, p = 0.002) and losing prostheses (1.2% vs. 4.3%, p = 0.025), as compared with the control group. The median time from surgery to complication and explantation were 61 (range, 35–115) days and 92 (range, 77–134) days for the fascial group and 35 (range, 6–239) days and 63 (range, 23–483) days for the control group, respectively.
Conclusions
Fascia-based IBBR technique had low rates of major post-operative complications and explantation. Fascia-based IBBR technique could be considered as an alternative reconstruction method in properly selected patients.
Impact of the coverage of risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy by the national insurance system for women with BRCA pathogenic variants in Japan
Authors: Nomura Hidetaka , Abe Akiko , Fusegi Atsushi , Yoshimitsu Teruyuki , Misaka Satoki , Murakami Atsushi , Matsumoto Tsuyoshi , Tsumura Shiho , Kanno Motoko , Aoki Yoichi , Netsu Sachiho , Omi Makiko , Tanigawa Terumi , Okamoto Sanshiro , Omatsu Kohei , Yunokawa Mayu , Kanao Hiroyuki , Habano Eri , Arakawa Hiromi , Kaneko Keika , Ueki Arisa , Haruyama Yurie , Inari Hitoshi , Ueno Takayuki 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
To determine the impact of the coverage of risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) and mastectomy (RRM) as well as genetic testing for BRCA pathogenic variants by the national insurance system in Japan.
Methods
We compared the clinical background of women who underwent RRSO at our institution before and after its coverage by the national insurance system.
Results
Those who underwent RRSO between January 2017 and December 2019 and between April 2020 and March 2022 were classified as Period
A and B, respectively. Overall, 134 women underwent RRSO during the study period. In Period A and B, 45 and 89 women underwent RRSO for the study period was 36 and 24 months, respectively. Compared with Period A, the number of women who underwent RRSO per month increased by 3-fold in Period B (p < 0.01). In addition, the number of women who underwent surgery for breast cancer along with RRSO increased in Period B (p < 0.01). Although the number of women who underwent concurrent RRM with RRSO in Period B increased, the difference was not statistically significant. Compared with Period A, the number of women diagnosed with BRCA pathogenic variant increased by 3.9-fold, and the proportion of women who underwent concurrent hysterectomy at the time of RRSO decreased from 66% to 7.9% in Period B (p < 0.01).
Conclusion
Owing to the introduction of the national insurance system, the number of women who underwent RRSO and concurrent surgery for breast cancer at the time of RRSO increased in Japan.
Enhanced β-carotene production in Yarrowia lipolytica through the metabolic and fermentation engineering
Authors: Jing Yiwen , Wang Jingnan , Gao Haiyan , Jiang Yujia , Jiang Wankui , Jiang Min , Xin Fengxue , Zhang Wenming 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
β-Carotene is a kind of high-value tetraterpene compound, which shows various applications in medical, agricultural and industrial areas owing to its antioxidant, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, Yarrowia lipolytica was successfully metabolically modified through the construction and optimization of β-carotene biosynthetic pathway for β-carotene production. The β-carotene titer in the engineered strain Yli-Cwith the introduction of the carotenogenesis genes crtI, crtEand crtYB can reach 34.5 mg/L. With the overexpression of key gene in MVA pathway and the enhanced expression of fatty acid synthesis pathway, the β-carotene titer of the engineered strain Yli-CAH reached 87 mg/L, which was 152% higher than that of the strain Yli-C. Through the further expression of the rate-limiting enzyme tHMGR and the copy number of β-carotene synthesis related genes, the β-carotene production of Yli-C2AH2 strain reached 117.5 mg/L. The final strain Yli-C2AH2 produced 2695.5 mg/L β-carotene titer by fed-batch fermentation in a 5.0 L fermenter. This research will greatly speed up the process of developing microbial cell factories for the commercial production of β-carotene.
Portable and Integrated Microfluidic Flow Control System Using Off-the-shelf Components Towards Organs-on-chip Applications
Authors: Zhu Haoyu , Özkayar Gürhan , Lötters Joost , Tichem Marcel , Ghatkesar Murali Krishna 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Organ-on-a-chip (OoC) devices require the precise control of various media. This is mostly done using several fluid control components, which are much larger than the typical OoC device and connected through fluidic tubing, i.e., the fluidic system is not integrated, which inhibits the system’s portability.
Here, we explore the limits of fluidic system integration using off-the-shelf fluidic control components. A flow control configuration is proposed that uses a vacuum to generate a fluctuation-free flow and minimizes the number of components used in the system. 3D printing is used to fabricate a custom-designed platform box for mounting the chosen smallest footprint components. It provides flexibility in arranging the various components to create experiment-specific systems.
A demonstrator system is realized for lung-on-a-chip experiments. The 3D-printed platform box is 290 mm long, 240 mm wide and 37 mm tall. After integrating all the components, it weighs 4.8 kg. The system comprises of a switch valve, flow and pressure controllers, and a vacuum pump to control the diverse media flows. The system generates liquid flow rates ranging from 1.5 micro-litre per minute to 68 micro-litre per minute in the cell chambers, and a cyclic vacuum of 280 mbar below atmospheric pressure with 0.5 Hz frequency in the side channels to induce mechanical strain on the cells-substrate. The components are modular for easy exchange. The battery operated platform box can be mounted on either upright or inverted microscopes and fits in a standard incubator.
Overall, it is shown that a compact integrated and portable fluidic system for OoC experiments can be constructed using off-the-shelf components. For further down-scaling, the fluidic control components, like the pump, switch valves, and flow controllers, require significant miniaturization while having a wide flow rate range with high resolution.