bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An event‐based analysis of maternal physiological reactivity following aversive child behaviors
Authors: Gatzke‐Kopp Lisa , Zhang Xutong , Creavey Kristine L. , Skowron Elizabeth A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractResearch investigating the association between parents' physiological reactivity and their ability to self‐regulate in parenting contexts typically examines the average physiological response across the duration of a dyadic task, conflating reactivity across a multitude of parent and child behaviors. The present study utilized a moving‐window analytical technique to generate a continuous, second × second time series of mothers' high‐frequency heart rate variability (HF‐HRV) to conduct an event‐based analysis of maternal reactivity in the 10 s following an aversive child event. Analyses examined whether maternal reactivity related to parenting behaviors similarly among maltreating (n = 48) and non‐maltreating (n = 29) mother‐preschooler dyads. Results indicate that maternal behavior was not associated with average HF‐HRV reactivity, but mothers who demonstrated an increase in HF‐HRV immediately following a negative child event were more likely to engage in behaviors to return the dyad to a positive state. Findings were specific to incidents of negative child behavior, and results were not moderated by maltreatment status. These results highlight the value of using an event‐based design to isolate reactivity in response to targeted events to understand how physiological reactivity supports parenting.
Equilibration time with cryoprotectants, but not melatonin supplementation during in vitro maturation, affects viability and metaphase plate morphology of vitrified porcine mature oocytes
Authors: Gonzalez‐Plaza Alejandro , Brullo Cristiano , Cambra Josep M. , Garcia Manuela , Iacono Eleonora , Parrilla Inmaculada , Gil Maria Antonia , Martinez Emilio A. , Martinez Cristina A. , Cuello Cristina 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe aims of this study were to investigate the effects of different equilibration times with cryoprotectants on viability and metaphase plate morphology of vitrified‐warmed porcine mature oocytes (Experiment 1) and to evaluate the effects of supplementation with 10−9 M melatonin during in vitro maturation on these parameters (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, 2,392 mature oocytes were vitrified using different equilibration times of oocytes with cryoprotectants (3, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 60 and 80 min). Fresh oocytes matured in vitro for 44 hr (n = 509) were used as controls. In Experiment 2, a total of 573 COCs were used. COCs were matured with 10−9 M melatonin supplementation or without melatonin (control). Some oocytes from each group were vitrified with a 60‐min equilibration time with cryoprotectants according to the results of Experiment 1. The remaining oocytes from each maturation group were used as fresh control groups. In both experiments, oocytes were stained with 2′,7′‐dichlorodihydrofuorescein diacetate and Hoechst 33342 to assess viability and metaphase plate morphology, respectively. Vitrification and warming affected (p < .01) oocyte viability compared with controls, which were all viable after 44 hr of IVM. In Experiment 1, the longer the equilibration time with cryoprotectants, the higher the viability. Oocytes equilibrated for 60 and 80 min had the highest (p < .05) viability and similar metaphase plate characteristics to the fresh control oocytes. In Experiment 2, supplementation with melatonin during in vitro maturation had no effect on oocyte viability or metaphase plate morphology of vitrified‐warmed oocytes. In conclusion, under our experimental conditions, vitrified porcine mature oocytes equilibrated with cryoprotectants for 60 or 80 min exhibited the highest viability and similar metaphase plate characteristics to fresh controls. Furthermore, supplementation with 10−9 M melatonin during in vitro maturation had no effect on these parameters.
An 80 kyr record of intermediate‐depth water flow on the western South Atlantic margin
Authors: de Mahiques Michel Michaelovitch , Nagai Renata Hanae , Dias Gilberto Pereira , Figueira Rubens Cesar Lopes 
Published: May 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the Antarctic Intermediate Water transport is fundamental to knowing the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and its variations over time. This study investigates the temporal variations of the northward flow of the Intermediate Western Boundary Current (the leading carrier of the Antarctic Intermediate Water) over the last 80 kyr by using grain‐size data (sortable silt and end‐member analysis). The results presented show abrupt changes in Sortable Silt (interpreted as changes in flow speed) in the transition between Marine Isotope Stage 4 and Marine Isotope Stage 3 and during Marine Isotope Stage 3. In addition, there is a clear coarsening of Sortable Silt from the Deglacial to the Holocene, indicating an intensification of the northward transport of the Antarctic Intermediate Water along the south‐western Atlantic margin. These results highlight the existence of a prevailing positive relationship between the northward carrier of the Antarctic Intermediate Water and the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation over the last 80 kyr, with a negative relationship at the beginning of Marine Isotope Stage 3 and over the Holocene. This contribution states that the positive relationship between the Antarctic Intermediate Water and the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation is a dynamic interconnection that needs to be further constrained by future works.
Divine influence: Religious foundations of U.S. foreign policy attitudes
Authors: Taydas Zeynep , Olson Laura R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveReligion has been shown to affect the U.S. public opinion about foreign policy. Recent studies emphasize attitudes about issues pertaining to the Middle East. They also tend to focus on the perspectives of evangelical Protestants, so we know comparatively little about how being mainline Protestant, Black Protestant, Catholic, or religiously unaffiliated might affect one's foreign policy preferences.MethodsUsing data drawn from the 2009 America's Place in the World General Public Survey conducted by the Pew Research Center, we analyze religion's impact on public attitudes about foreign affairs, comparing evangelical Protestants with four other religious groups.ResultsWe find that the main driver of religion's impact on foreign policy attitudes is nominal religious affiliation (“belonging”), not the frequency of worship attendance (“behaving”). Religiously unaffiliated Americans and Catholics—and to a lesser extent, mainline and Black Protestants—perceive the world as less threatening than do evangelicals. They also prefer multilateral, cooperative solutions to international problems.ConclusionAmericans vary significantly in their international threat perception and support for militant or cooperative internationalism based on their religious affiliation. In addition, evangelical Protestants’ preference for hawkish, unilateral foreign policy extends beyond the context of the Middle East.
Relational area studies: Russia and geographies of knowledge
Authors: Cheskin Ammon , Jašina‐Schäfer Alina 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDespite valid criticisms that Area Studies is premised on geopolitical, orientalising, and Eurocentric logics, we advocate for the more critically aware and reflexive potential of Relational Area Studies. By this, we mean that the study of external spaces and areas should always be accompanied by critical efforts to examine internal processes of knowledge production. We therefore build on ‘Worlding of Geography’ approaches to foster an in‐between thinking for Area Studies research. This involves examining an area ‘out there’ while simultaneously considering the relational spaces ‘in here’. Focusing on the illuminating case of Russian Studies, we examine the hierarchies of power and geographies of knowledge associated with scholarly production in and about Russia. We do so by providing an in‐depth, comparative analysis of materials in English‐language and Russian‐language scholarly journals. The results of this empirical study help us reflect on the ‘commonsensical’ practices, assumptions, and frameworks that often go unchecked in mainstream western scholarship. From our ‘in here’–‘out there’ perspective, we use these findings to pose awkward questions about our biases and privileges within global hierarchies of power and geographies of knowledge. Ultimately, we believe this type of relational engagement helps us enrich, decolonise, and rethink our own scholarly practices. Area Studies, we argue, should learn from the insights of critical geography and should be one of the foremost venues for this type of vibrant, reflexive, and critical engagement. Our framework helps us move beyond binary conceptualisations of the Global North/South and East/West by including careful consideration of the ‘in‐between’ spaces and relational knowledge flows that accompany all global knowledge. We also include a few preliminary notes on the implications of Russia's invasion of Ukraine, highlighting the applicability of our approach to future scholarship of Russia, but also how the war challenges some of our core assumptions.
An alternative framework for E-model inflation in supergravity
Authors: Pallis Constantinos 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe present novel realizations of E-model inflation within Supergravity which are largely associated with the existence of a pole of order one in the kinetic term of the (gauge-singlet) inflaton superfield. This pole arises due to the selected logarithmic Kähler potentials $$K_1$$

K
1

and $${\widetilde{K}}_1$$

K
~

1

, which parameterize the same hyperbolic manifold with scalar curvature $${{{\mathcal {R}}}}_{K}=-2/N$$

R
K

=
-
2
/
N

, where $$(-N)<0$$

(
-
N
)
<
0

is the coefficient of a logarithmic term. The associated superpotential W exhibits the same R charge with the inflaton-accompanying superfield and includes all the allowed renormalizable terms. For $$K=K_1$$

K
=

K
1

, inflation can be attained for $$N=2$$

N
=
2

at the cost of some tuning regarding the coefficients of the W terms and predicts a tensor-to-scalar ratio r at the level of 0.001. The tuning can be totally eluded for $$K={\widetilde{K}}_1$$

K
=

K
~

1

, which allows for quadratic- and quartic-like models with N values increasing with r and spectral index $$n_\mathrm{s}$$

n
s

close or even equal to its present central observational value.
Orthogonal decompositions and twisted isometries
Authors: Rakshit Narayan , Sarkar Jaydeb , Suryawanshi Mansi 
Published: May 2022

Let [Formula: see text]. Let [Formula: see text] be [Formula: see text] commuting unitaries on some Hilbert space [Formula: see text], and suppose [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]. An [Formula: see text]-tuple of isometries [Formula: see text] on [Formula: see text] is called [Formula: see text]-twisted isometry with respect to [Formula: see text] (or simply [Formula: see text]-twisted isometry if [Formula: see text] is clear from the context) if [Formula: see text]’s are in the commutator [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] We prove that each [Formula: see text]-twisted isometry admits a von Neumann–Wold type orthogonal decomposition, and prove that the universal [Formula: see text]-algebra generated by [Formula: see text]-twisted isometries is nuclear. We exhibit concrete analytic models of [Formula: see text]-twisted isometries, and establish connections between unitary equivalence classes of the irreducible representations of the [Formula: see text]-algebras generated by [Formula: see text]-twisted isometries and the unitary equivalence classes of the nonzero irreducible representations of twisted noncommutative tori. Our motivation of [Formula: see text]-twisted isometries stems from the classical rotation [Formula: see text]-algebras and Heisenberg group [Formula: see text]-algebras.
The Levels of TNF-α, Tissue Factor, and Coagulation Function in Rats with Pulmonary Hypertension and the Intervention Effect of Sildenafil Encapsulated by Targeted Nanocarriers
Authors: Ma Xuan , Wang Xue-E , Xie Lin-Xia , Lu Sha , Jiang Cheng 
Published: May 2022

Pulmonary hypertension (PAH) is a proliferative disease of pulmonary blood vessels, but the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension is still unclear. This article explores the role of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), tissue factor (TF), and coagulation function (CF) in the pathogenesis of PAH. PAH is often accompanied by vascular intima injury and muscular arterial media thickening. Coupled with the wide application of nanotargeted drugs in recent years, a targeted nanocarrier encapsulating sildenafil was prepared in this study. The particle size, PDI, zeta potential, drug loading, and encapsulation efficiency were

194.32
±
17.31

nm

,

0.28
±
0.02

,

−
6.34
±
0.33

, 24.61%, and 70.52%. The monocrotaline PAH rat model was constructed, and it was found that the levels of TNF-α, TF, and CF in the peripheral blood of PAH rats were abnormally increased. 30 PAH rats were randomly divided into 5 groups and injected with saline (NS group), sildenafil (sildenafil group), target the nanoempty carrier (TNC-E group), ordinary nanocarrier encapsulated sildenafil (CNC-sildenafil group), and targeted nanocarrier encapsulate sildenafil (TNC-sildenafil group). Compared with the NS group, the mean pulmonary artery pressure in the TNC-sildenafil group was lower (

P
<
0.05

). Compared with the normal rat group, the pulmonary small blood vessel media thickness, TNF-α level, TF level, and the area of myocardial cells were increased in the NS group, sildenafil group, TNC-E group, and CNC-sildenafil group (

P
<
0.05

). Compared with the NS group, the pulmonary small blood vessel media thickness, myocardial cell area, and the levels of TNF-α and TF in the TNC-sildenafil group were reduced (

P
<
0.05

). Targeting nanocarrier encapsulation of sildenafil can obviously reduce the average pulmonary artery pressure in rats with pulmonary hypertension, improve pulmonary vascular media proliferation and myocardial hypertrophy, and restore the levels of TNF-α, TF, and CF to a normal state.
Study on the Mechanism of Shenjing Guben Prescription Regulating PI3K and NRF2 Signaling Pathway in the Treatment of Immune Infertility
Authors: Liu Handu , Xue Jianguo , Mo Hui 
Published: May 2022

Objective. To explore the mechanism of Shenjing Guben prescription (SP) in the treatment of immune infertility by regulating PI3K-NRF2/p38 signal pathway. Methods. 60 adult male SD rats were randomly divided into control group (NC group), ACN group, low concentration AP intervention group (low group), middle concentration SP intervention group (middle group), and high concentration SP intervention group (high group). 12 rats in each group were administered by gavage once a day, 6 days/w, and the rats were killed after 28 days. Bilateral testis and epididymis were removed and weighed and organ coefficients were calculated, and testicular histopathological sections were prepared to evaluate the changes of testicular tissue structure. The relative expression levels of PI3K, MKK7, JNK, p38 mRNA, and protein in testis were measured by QRT-PCR and western blot. Results. (1) Compared with the control group, the proportion of grade A and B sperms in ACN group increased significantly, and the proportion of grade D sperm decreased significantly (

P

< 0.05). After SP intervention, compared with ACN group, there was no significant difference in the proportion of sperm at all levels in low, medium, and high SP intervention groups (

P

> 0.05). (2) Compared with the control group, the sperm VCL, VSL, VAP, and mad in ACN group increased significantly, and the BCF decreased significantly (

P

< 0.05). After SP intervention, compared with ACN group, there was no significant difference in sperm motility parameters among low, medium, and high SP intervention groups (

P

> 0.05). (3) Compared with the control group, the activities of AKP and SDH in testicular tissue of rats in ACN group decreased significantly (

P

< 0.05). After SP intervention, compared with ACN group, AKP activity increased significantly and LDH activity decreased significantly in low, medium, and high SP intervention groups (

P

< 0.05). (4) Compared with the control group, the expression levels of PI3K, p-PI3K, MKK7, p-MKK7, JNK, p-JNK, p38, and p-p38 proteins and the ratios of p-JNK/JNK and p-p38/p38 increased in the testis of ACN group (

P

< 0.05). After SP intervention, compared with ACN group, the protein expression levels of PI3K, p-PI3K, MKK7, p-MKK7, JNK, p-JNK, p38, and p-p38 in testicular tissue of SP intervention group decreased, and the ratio of p-JNK/JNK and p-p38/p38 decreased (

P

< 0.05). Conclusion. SP can reduce the oxidative stress of testis induced by ACN and inhibit the activation of PI3K-NRF2/p38 signal pathway.
Analysis of Pregnancy Outcomes after Laparoscopic Myomectomy: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Lu Bilu , Wang Qingming , Yan Lifeng , Yu Kewen , Cai Yan 
Published: May 2022

Objective. This study aimed to investigate the factors related to pregnancy outcomes after laparoscopic myomectomy. Methods. A retrospective review was conducted on 156 patients aged 18 to 45 years who underwent laparoscopic myomectomy in Ningbo Women and Children’s Hospital from January 2010 to December 2016. Follow-up medical records and information were collected on demographic variables, clinical variables, and postoperative pregnancy rate. The logistic regression model was used to assess the association between related factors and postoperative pregnancy rate or pregnancy outcome. The outcome indicators included

abortion
=
0

,

premature

birth
=
1

, and

full

term
=
2

. The chi-squared test or Fisher’s exact test was used to compare the differences in pregnancy outcomes, postpartum hemorrhage, and placenta adhesion between the cohorts. Results. The size of fibroids correlated with the postoperative pregnancy rate. The larger the fibroids, the lower the postoperative pregnancy rate, and the difference was statistically significant. The number of fibroids and placental adhesions was positively associated with postoperative pregnancy; the higher the number of fibroids, the higher the incidence of placental adhesions. However, the postoperative interval of pregnancy, fibroid size, and number and type of fibroids are not correlated with the pregnancy outcomes of postoperative patients. Conclusions. The size of myoma may influence the pregnancy rate of patients after laparoscopic myomectomy. The number of fibroids can affect the incidence of placental adhesions during postoperative pregnancy.
Anxiety-like behavior and anxiolytic treatment in the Rett syndrome natural history study
Authors: Buchanan Caroline B. , Stallworth Jennifer L. , Joy Aubin E. , Dixon Rebekah E. , Scott Alexandra E. , Beisang Arthur A. , Benke Timothy A. , Glaze Daniel G. , Haas Richard H. , Heydemann Peter T. , Jones Mary D. , Lane Jane B. , Lieberman David N. , Marsh Eric D. , Neul Jeffrey L. , Peters Sarika U. , Ryther Robin C. , Skinner Steve A. , Standridge Shannon M. , Kaufmann Walter E. , Percy Alan K. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Rett syndrome (RTT) is a neurodevelopmental disorder most often related to a pathogenic variant in the X-linked MECP2 gene. Internalizing behaviors appear to be common, but standard methods of diagnosing anxiety are not readily applied in this population which typically has cognitive impairment and limited expressive language. This study aims to describe the frequency of anxiety-like behavior and anxiolytic treatments along with associated clinical features in individuals with RTT.

Methods
Parental reports and medication logs provided data from 1380 females with RTT participating in two iterations of the multicenter U.S. RTT Natural History Study (RNHS) from 2006 to 2019.

Results
Most participants with RTT (77.5%) had at least occasional anxious or nervous behavior. Anxiety was reported to be the most troublesome concern for 2.6%, and within the top 3 concerns for 10.0%, of participants in the second iteration. Parents directly reported treatment for anxious or nervous behavior in 16.6% of participants in the second iteration with most reporting good control of the behavior (71.6%). In the medication logs of both RNHS iterations, the indication of anxiety was listed for a similar number of participants (15% and 14.5%, respectively). Increased use of anxiolytics and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) was related to more frequent anxiety-like behaviors (P < 0.001), older age (P < 0.001), and mild MECP2 variants (P = 0.002).

Conclusion
Anxiety-like behavior is frequent at all ages and is a significant parental concern in RTT. Older individuals and those with mild MECP2 variants are more likely to be treated with medications. Better diagnosis and treatment of anxiety in RTT should be a goal of both future studies and clinical care.

Trial registration
NCT00299312 and NCT02738281
Label-free LC–MS/MS proteomics analyses reveal proteomic changes in oxidative stress and the SOD antioxidant strategy in TM cells
Authors: Li Qian , Zhang Liyu , Xu Yuxin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Treatment for glaucoma has traditionally been limited to reducing intraocular pressure (IOP). Inhibiting oxidative stress in the trabecular meshwork (TM) is regarded as a new treatment for glaucoma; however, the effects do not meet expectations. Exploring the mechanism by which oxidative stress and antioxidant stress occur in TM cells will offer clues to aid the development of new treatments.

Methods and results
In our study, we cultured TM cells and used H2O2 and SOD to induce and inhibit oxidative stress, respectively. Label-free LC–MS/MS quantitative proteomic analysis was conducted to analyze the differentially expressed proteins and relevant signaling pathways. A total of 24 upregulated proteins and 18 downregulated proteins were identified under oxidative stress. PTGS2, TGFβr2 and ICAM-1 are the key proteins. The PTGS2/NF-ĸb pathway, TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway and AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications may be the major signaling pathways under conditions of ROS-induced damage in TM cells. Seventy-eight proteins were upregulated and 73 proteins were downregulated under antioxidant stress in TM cells. The key protein was ICAM-1, which participates in the African trypanosomiasis pathway, one of the most important pathways under antioxidant stress. Combining the results of the Venn diagram with protein–protein interactions (PPIs), ICAM-1 was identified as the major protein. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and western blotting (WB) were used to reveal that suppressing the expression of ICAM-1 would improve the survival of TM cells.

Conclusions
Key proteins and signaling pathways play important roles in the mechanisms of oxidative stress and antioxidant strategies in TM cells. ICAM-1 knockdown can suppress the apoptosis of TM cells induced by H2O2, which may reveal new therapeutic targets and biomarkers for glaucoma.