bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of small volumes of test samples in subvisible particle testing by the light obscuration method
Authors: Voropaev A. A. , Fadeikina O. V. , Davydov D. S. , Movsesyants Artashes A. 
Published: April 2022

The light obscuration method described in the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation for subvisible particle testing, provides for preparation of a pooled sample with a minimum volume of 25 mL to be used in four measurements, each with 5.0 mL of the test sample. In the case of, for example, ready-to-use 0.2–0.3 mL pre-filled syringes, the method requires pooling the contents of a large number of products, which is economically costly. The use of small volumes of test samples in measurements by the light obscuration method is especially relevant for expensive medicines. Current particle counters allow for testing of 0.1 mL samples, but this requires assessment of the procedure’s accuracy. The aim of the study was to assess the accuracy of subvisible particle testing by the light obscuration method for small volumes of test samples. Materials and methods: we used an HIAC 9703+ liquid particle counter; particle count reference standards containing 0.998×106 particles/mL and 3.800 particles/mL; suspensions of standard latex particles with a known size (20 μm). Results: the study assessed the accuracy of subvisible particle determination by the light obscuration method for small test samples of 0.1‒0.5 mL: trueness was 96–100%; repeatability was 0.8–1.8%; linear correlation coefficients for the calculated versus theoretical number of particles were more than 0.999. The use of 0.1 mL test samples is impractical because of insufficient accuracy of the test results. The relative standard deviation of subvisible particle measurements obtained with 0.2–5.0 mL test samples did not exceed the measurement error of the instrument. The use of small test samples (0.2–1.0 mL) requires the use of a 1 mL sampling syringe. The study demonstrated the need for determination of the pre-run volume (not less than 0.1 mL). Comparative testing of standard (5.0 mL) and small (0.5 mL) samples of protein-based biological products showed comparable results. Conclusions: the study demonstrated that the light obscuration method could be used for small volumes of test samples.
Sequência didática para o ensino e aprendizagem de juros compostos com o software Geogebra
Authors: Oliveira Cícera Janete Alves de , Lavor Otávio Paulino 
Published: April 2022

O conhecimento de conceitos da matemática financeira se faz presente na compreensão de questões do cotidiano, além de ser previsto no currículo escolar para a educação básica. Na perspectiva de contribuir com o processo de ensino e aprendizagem, este trabalho apresenta uma sequência didática que teve como objetivo investigar as contribuições de uma sequência de atividades com o auxílio do GeoGebra, no ensino de juros compostos. A estratégia metodológica consistiu em realizar uma sequência didática tendo o GeoGebra como ferramenta auxiliar na apropriação e diferenciação entre os sistemas de capitalização de juros simples e compostos. A realização dessa proposta contou com a participação de duas turmas, ambas da 3ª série do Ensino Médio, em uma escola localizada na Região Centro-Sul do estado do Ceará, durante as aulas de matemática. Denominamos de grupo de controle e grupo experimental, de modo que este último obteve melhores resultados de aprendizagem. Estes resultados evidenciam que o GeoGebra pode auxiliar na compreensão de juros compostos e coloca a sequência didática como oportunidade na reflexão e planejamento, visando à eficiência no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Nessa perspectiva, a proposta da realização da sequência didática com o GeoGebra, revelou que os discentes conseguem assimilar um conteúdo quando eles são parte integrante do processo de aprendizado. Assim, com essa metodologia o discente possui papel ativo, sendo constantemente instigado e tendo o professor como mediador para o alcance do conhecimento. Por fim, o GeoGebra além de apresentar ser de fácil utilização, possibilitou o desenvolvimento e a interpretação geométrica dos estudantes, bem como comprovou ser uma importante ferramenta para o docente, uma vez que oportuniza a renovação de sua prática metodológica.
KERJASAMA DIBIDANG USAHA ANTAR KOPERASI DAN KERJASAMA ANTAR KOPERASI DIBIDANG BUKAN USAHA
Authors: Ramadani Ainun 
Published: April 2022

Kerja sama koperasi tersebut ada yang bersifat horizontal dan vertikal, bahkansebagai konsekuensi dalam melakukan kerja sama tersebut menghendaki untuk dibentuknya wadah organisasi baru untuk mengembangkan kegiatan usahanya. Koperasi melandaskan kegiatannya berdasarkan prinsip gerakan ekonomi rakyat yang berdasarkan asas kekeluargaan.Kinerja koprasi khusus mengenai perhimpunan, koperasi harus bekerja berdasarkan ketentuan undang-undang umum mengenai organisasi usaha (perseorangan, persekutuan, dsb.) serta hukum dagang danhukum pajak. Organisasi koperasi yang khas dari suatu organisasi harus diketahui dengan menetapkan anggaran dasar yang khusus. Selain itu koperasi juga menjalinkerja sama di bidang usaha yang bertujuan untuk lebih memajukan koperasi itusendiri. Dengan demikian, kita perlu mempelajari lebih dalam tentang kerjasama koperasi dibidang usaha tersebut.
Aplikasi SI DIMAS (Sistem Informasi Distribusi Material Pada PT. Sinar Musi)
Authors: Rachmatullah Nugraha , Ruliansyah Ruliansyah , Jaya Irfan Dwi 
Published: April 2022

PT. Sinar Musi merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak pada bidang penyediaan barang material kontraktor. Saat ini, dalam proses distribusinya, terdapat berbagai kendala, antara lain pihak pelanggan yang sering menanyakan posisi barang yang mereka pesan, kurangnya tenaga CS yang akan menjawab telepon dari pelanggan, dan kendala lainnya seperti pada tahapan distribusi yang tidak terkoordinasi dengan baik antarapos distribusi yang membuat penyampaian informasi distribusi menjadi terhambat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang sebuah sistem informasi distribusi materials di PT. Sinar Musi yang diberi nama SI DIMAS menggunakan checkpoint tracker berbasis web yang diharapkan dapat mempermudah pihak CS untuk membagikan informasi mengenai proses dari distribusi. Bagi pelanggan, sistem informasi ini berguna sebagai media informasi terkait proses distribusi material yang mereka pesan. Selain itu, pada sistem informasi ini perusahaan dapat mengelola data pesanan pelanggan, proses distribusi, checking barang material, hingga mengelola laporan rekapitulasi distribusi per minggu. Visualisasi pemodelan mengguankan Unifield Modelling Languange (UML) serta menggunakan model pengembangan Waterfall. Bahasa pemprogramannya menggunakan PHP dengan pengelolaan basis data menggunakan MySQL. Penelitian ini menghasilkan data pesanan pelanggan, checking barang, komplain pelanggan, serta dapat membantu dalam pengelolaan laporan proses distribusi yang berjenjang.
Evaluasi dan Perencanaan Perbaikan Fisik Lingkungan dan Perilaku Minum Obat Penderita TB Paru Studi Kasus di Wilayah Ambunten Kabupaten Sumenep
Authors: Anwar A.H. Rasihan , Budianto Agus 
Published: April 2022

Puskesmas Ambunten, Kabupaten Sumenep adalah wilayah kerja dengan jumlah kasus TB paru BTA (+) tertinggi di kabupaten Sumenep. Pada tahun 2017 dengan suspek berjumlah 67 orang menunjukkan penemuan kasus BTA (+) dan pada tahun yang 2019 seluruh kasus baru BTA (+) berjumlah 75 orang berusia ≥ 15 tahun. Lingkungan tempat tinggal yang tidak memenuhi syarat rumah sehat dapat mendukung timbulnya penyakit dengan media lingkungan (udara, air, dan tanah). Lingkungan tempat tinggal di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Ambunten, Kabupaten Sumenep memiliki angka tertinggi untuk persentase rumah yang belum memenuhi syarat rumah sehat di Kabupaten Sumenep. Tujuan penelitian: (1) Mengevaluasi kondisi fisik lingkungan penderita TB Paru di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Ambunten sesuai aspek teknis dan aspek lingkungan menurut pedoman rumah sehat tahun 2002, (2) Merumuskan strategi perencanaan perbaikan fisik lingkungan penderita TB paru di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Ambunten, dan (3) Mengevaluasi penderita TB paru pada perilaku minum di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Ambunten, Kabupaten Sumenep tahun 2019. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang meliputi beberapa aspek, yaitu aspek teknis, lingkungan, dan ekonomi. Hasil penelitian evaluasi dan perencanaan perbaikan sisi lingkungan dan perilaku minum obat penderita TB Paru pada aspek teknis sebagian besar responden sebanyak 39 (84,5%) memenuhi syarat rumah sehat dari 49 (100%) karena pada aspek teknis dengan indikator kepadatan penghuni rumah yang berjumlah 7–8 orang dalam satu rumah. Pada aspek lingkungan biologi, sebagian besar responden terdapat keberadaan positif Mycobacterium tuberculosis sebesar 30 (61%) responden dari 49 responden, sedangkan pada perilaku minum obat pada penderita TB paru terdapat beberapa faktor yaitu (1) faktor pengetahuan dengan kategori tinggi sebanyak 49 (100%) responden, (2) faktor sikap dengan dalam kategori sangat mendukung sebanyak 49 (100%) responden, dan (3) Faktor tindakan dalam baik sebanyak 49 (100%).
Dampak Variasi Kecepatan Pengelasan Terhadap Kekerasan HAZ pada Pengelasan In-Service Sleeve Metode FCAW dan Pipa API 5L Grade B serta Batasan Aman Terhadap Risiko Hydrogen Cracking
Authors: Prahara W.R. , Ilman M.N. 
Published: April 2022

Salah satu metode perbaikan pipa tanpa menghentikan aliran fluida yang mengalir adalah sleeve repair dengan pengelasan in-service. Risiko hydrogen cracking pada pengelasan in-service dapat dihindari dengan mengontrol kekerasan pada HAZ maksimum 350 VHN. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan pengelasan melingkar pada konfigurasi sleeve tipe B berdiameter 4" dan tebal 6 mm menggunakan metode pengelasan FCAW (semi otomatis) dengan aliran air sebesar 5 liter/menit. Alat yang digunakan untuk pengelasan adalah robot memutar sederhana pada pipa dan mesin las Daiden MIGi 200 dengan elektroda E71T-11 berdiameter 0,8 mm. Beberapa parameter pengelasan seperti arus, voltase, dan kecepatan feed elektroda diatur konstan berturut-turut sebesar 120 ampere, 20 volt, dan 7,5 meter/menit. Sementara kecepatan pengelasan divariasikan mulai dari tercepat 10 mm/detik, 6 mm/detik, hingga paling lambat 1 mm/detik. Kekerasan pada las sendiri teramati lebih tinggi dari HAZ. Sementara itu, kekerasan pada CGHAZ diamati lebih tinggi daripada FGHAZ. Kekerasan HAZ cenderung meningkat seiring bertambahnya kecepatan pengelasan. Nilai kekerasan maksimum untuk kecepatan 1, 6, dan 10 mm/s (atau heat input 4.800, 400, dan 240 J/mm) berturut-turut sebesar 250, 351, dan 465 VHN. Menimbang batasan kekerasan yang diacu, potensi terjadinya hydrogen cracking dapat diamati pada kecepatan pengelasan 6 mm/s (heat input 400 J/mm) sehingga direkomendasikan agar pengelasan dilakukan dengan kecepatan di bawah itu.
Analisis Pengaruh Variasi Ukuran Screen Terhadap Kemampuan Pengurangan Kadar Air dan Kapasitas Manur Pada Mesin Manure Dewatering
Authors: Poesoko Ayu Setyaning Sayekti , Setyono Bambang , Anam Misbakul 
Published: April 2022

Peternakan ayam kini semakin banyak dijumpai di berbagai daerah di Indonesia. Baik dalam skala besar maupun skala rumahan. Namun, dalam kegiatan peternakan ayam tersebut muncul beberapa permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh masyarakat, khususnya peternak, yaitu ketika kotoran ternak bercampur dengan air dan urin dari ayam sehingga menimbulkan bau yang tidak sedap. Bau tak sedap ini seringkali merugikan petani dan lingkungan sekitar pertanian. Hal ini juga menyebabkan ketidaknyamanan masyarakat di sekitar area pertanian, yang sangat disayangkan. Padahal, jika pupuk kandang dikelola dengan baik, bisa dihasilkan produk lain yang, misalnya pupuk kandang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan screen mesh 10 dan 20 pada proses pengepresan kotoran hewan (pupuk kandang) khususnya ayam. Penelitian ini menggunakan kotoran ayam sebagai media. Metode yang digunakan dalam proses penelitian adalah dengan menguji dua mesh dengan media kotoran ayam kemudian dilakukan perbandingan yang meliputi konsumsi daya, tingkat penurunan kadar air, dan kapasitas produksi menggunakan alat pengukur kadar air untuk mengukur kadar air, tang meteran digunakan untuk mengukur arus yang mengalir pada kabel, dan tachometer digunakan untuk mengukur kecepatan putaran poros mesin pupuk kandang. Hasil dari pengujian ini meliputi konsumsi daya, tingkat pengurangan kadar air, dan kapasitas produksi. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat kelebihan dan kekurangan masing-masing mesh dengan pengujian yang telah dilakukan, mesh 20 adalah yang terbaik.
Pelatihan Menulis Skenario Untuk Siswa SMA Negeri 7 Pekanbaru
Authors: Evizariza Evizariza , Kafrawi Muhammad 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
It is undeniable that the development of sophisticated communication technology requires human resources, especially the creative young generation, who are ready to take advantage of technology. One of the advancements in communication technology is social media which provides a variety of content in the form of writing, photos, and videos. Especially video social media content, be it YouTube, Facebook, Tiktok, or Instagram, the expertise to plan to produce videos that attract writing skills. Writing a screenplay is an absolute requirement to produce a good video work, in this case a film, so it is necessary to train screenwriters among the younger generation. This scenario writing training focused on students of SMA Negeri 7 Pekanbaru. The choice of SMA Negeri 7 Pekanbaru as the place for this writing training was taken considering that SMA Negeri 7 Pekanbaru is very active in producing works of art, especially works of art related to acting (theater).

Keywords: Scenario, Writing, Students
Peningkatan Kemampuan Public Speaking Mahasiswa Prodi Sastra Inggris dan Prodi Sastra Indonesia Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Lancang Kuning
Authors: Edawrd Edawrd , Hutahaean Sorta 
Published: April 2022

This article is entitiled, “The Improvement of student’s ability in publc speaking at Department of Indonesia and English Literature, Faculty of Humanities, Lancang Kuning University. The research was aimed at improving the ability of the students in Public Speaking using mixed and contextual method. After doing the treatment it was found that students were knowledgeable in terms of language use and in using the style and diction accordingly when speaking before the audienc.
Purification of benzene fractions and benzene from unsaturated and sulfur compounds using a novel modified natural clay-based adsorbent
Authors: Malyshkin B. Yu. , Semenov I. P. , Sazonov D. S. , Putenikhin I. O. , Semenikhina E. Yu. 
Published: April 2022

Objectives. This study aimed to create a method for purifying benzene fractions using a modified natural clay-based adsorbent, which removes both unsaturated and sulfur compounds from benzene or benzene fractions obtained by pyrolysis of petrochemical raw materials.Methods. Chemical and chromatographic methods were used to conduct flow analyses before and after purification. Testing was conducted under conditions that were similar to industrial conditions. The functional characteristics of the adsorbents (moisture resistance and bulk density) were evaluated by strength tests after wetting with water and by weighing batches of the adsorbents fixed in volume.Results. Three clay-based adsorbent samples were developed, and tested under laboratory conditions. Thereafter, the CS-Sorb-6890 (M) sample—an Ni-modified adsorbent—was tested under experimental industrial conditions. A positive effect was obtained, and a method for purifying benzene fractions (benzene) from sulfur compounds and olefins is proposed.Conclusions. The obtained results revealed that the modified active clay-based adsorbent successfully removed sulfur and unsaturated compounds from the benzene fraction simultaneously. The total sulfur concentration was reduced to 0.00004 wt % after 90% of it was removed. The conversion of the unsaturated compounds reached 100%.
Quantitation of polysorbate 80 in recombinant protein formulation using high-performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Askretkov A. D. , Shatalov D. O. , Orlova N. V. , Zybin D. I. , Nikolaeva V. V. , Klishin A. A. , Tuzova E. S. , Minenkov D. S. , Kedik S. A. , Seregin Yu. A. 
Published: April 2022

Objectives. Polysorbate 80 (PS80) quantification in biopharmaceutical products has always been challenging owing to its minute content, absorption to the protein backbone, lack of specific chromophoric PS80 groups, and heterogenic nature. This work is aimed at developing an express method for PS80 analysis in biopharmaceutical products using hydrolysis and subsequent highperformance liquid chromatography analysis with ultraviolet detection that does not consume substantial amounts of sample (≥35 μL).Methods. Five therapeutic protein formulations were chosen as model proteins. Alkaline hydrolysis formulation was applied, without protein precipitation and with a range of precipitation techniques to remove protein from the test solution and hydrolyze PS80, to free fatty acids. The obtained hydrolysate was analyzed using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.Results. As a result of the high protein content of monoclonal antibody formulations, preliminary protein removal was required, which was achieved by precipitation with organic solvents. A specific precipitant ethanol–isopropanol mixture (1:1 volumetric ratio) was developed to efficiently remove antibodies while keeping PS80 in the solution. The PS80 quantification method was developed for monoclonal antibody drugs. For three monoclonal antibody drug products (adalimumab, infliximab, and eculizumab), method validation was performed according to the International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use, the United States Pharmacopeia, and the State Pharmacopeia of the Russian Federation guidelines.Conclusions. The optimal assay conditions for each group of recombinant monoclonal antibody substances were chosen. Protein precipitation with ethanol or ethanol–isopropanol mixtures before hydrolysis was introduced, allowing for a substantial reduction of sample to 35 μL or even less if PS80 content is higher than 0.05 mg/mL. Accelerated hydrolysis (90 min) is preferable to slow hydrolysis (4–18 h). Method validation for protein products such as adalimumab, infliximab, and eculizumab was demonstrated for the first time. Both methods were validated for each drug product. The coefficients of variation for method specificity and high precision were ≤6.0% for 3 analyses. The accuracy of the methods ranged from 96% to 109% for all of the tested drug products.
Synthesis of diethanolamine-based amino acid derivatives with symmetric and asymmetric radicals in their hydrophobic domain and potential antimicrobial activity
Authors: Korotkin M. D. , Filatova S. M. , Denieva Z. G. , Budanova U. A. , Sebyakin Y. L. 
Published: April 2022

Objectives. Resistance to antibiotics and other antimicrobial drugs is an acute problem in the world today. Therefore, the chemical and pharmaceutical industries are still in search of new antibacterial agents that can overcome the resistance of pathogenic bacterial strains. To date, it has been established that molecules with antimicrobial activity must have an amphiphilic nature, a small size, one or more positive charges, and the required degree of hydrophobicity, that is, a significant hydrophilic–lipophilic balance (HLB) value. Some examples of such structures are antimicrobial peptides or peptidomimetics. This study aimed to develop a universal scheme for synthesizing several amino acid derivatives based on diethanolamine diesters with symmetric and asymmetric radicals in a hydrophobic block and potential antibacterial activity.Methods. The progression of chemical reactions was analyzed using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) on Sorbfil plates. The obtained compounds were isolated and purified using preparative TLC on Kieselgel (Merck) 60 F254 plates and column chromatography on Merck silica gel 0.040–0.063 mm. The TLC method was used to detect substances using a 3% ninhydrin solution, followed by heating to 70 °C. The structures of the obtained compounds were confirmed by hydrogen-1 nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy on a Bruker WM-300 pulse NMR spectrometer, with hexamethyldisiloxane serving as the internal standard.Results. The HLB values of the diethanolamine derivatives were calculated, and samples were selected for subsequent synthesis. A scheme was developed for preparing amino acid derivatives based on diethanolamine diesters with symmetric and asymmetric radicals in the hydrophobic domain, and five new compounds were synthesized. The hydrophilic blocks of these compounds included residues of amino acids such as glycine, β-alanine, L-ornithine, and L-lysine.Conclusions. The potential antimicrobial activity of the synthesized peptidomimetics was assessed by their HLB values using the ACD/Labs Log P program. New amphiphiles were synthesized using amino acids and diethanolamine, and their structures were confirmed by 1H NMR spectroscopy data. The synthesized compounds were prepared for antibacterial activity analysis.
Study of the stress state of polycarbonate monolithic sheets using optical-polarization methods
Authors: Markov A. V. , Lobanov V. A. 
Published: April 2022

Objectives. The study assessed the possibility of using optical-polarization methods to test quantitatively the stress state and residual stress in polycarbonate (PC) monolithic sheets. This stress is the leading cause of the cracking of PC sheets and the products made of them.Methods. The objects were samples of monolithic PC sheets made by various manufacturers (Monogal and Novattro). The birefringence method was used to study the stress state of the samples, and the interference images obtained in polarized light in crossed polaroids were analyzed.Results. The efficiency of optical-polarization research methods, such as the birefringence and the analysis of the interference images of stretched PC samples combined into an additive spectrum, was shown. The residual stress in the monolithic PC sheets made by various manufacturers was estimated.Conclusions. The quantitative relationship between the stress acting on the PC samples, their birefringence, and the characteristics of their additive spectrum of interference images of stressed samples obtained in polarized light in crossed polaroids was established. The possibility of a quantitative assessment of the residual stress in monolithic PC sheets based on an analysis of their additive spectrum of interference images was shown. The measured residual stress did not exceed 1 MPa.