bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
English in Northern Cyprus: A sociolinguistic profile
Authors: Selvi Ali Fuad , Silman‐Karanfil Leyla 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMuch has been written and said about the roles, functions, and status of English and its diverse implications in local contexts and for people therein. However, Northern Cyprus stands out as a ‘blind spot’ as it is often annexed in studies related to Turkey or diluted within discussions focusing on Cyprus – which collectively leads to limited, partial, and tangential accounts of the complexities embedded in the local context. Departing from this premise, the current paper offers a comprehensive sociolinguistic profile of English in Northern Cyprus. More specifically, it portrays a historical account of the sociolinguistic situation with present‐day connections to statuses, roles, attitudes, functions, domains, policies, and practices in the local context. It is concluded that as the island morphed first into a postcolonial context and later into a partitioned sociopolitical entity, the linguacultural hegemony of English remained in Turkish Cypriots’ linguistic repertoires, collective psyche, and educational curricula.
Clinical indicators of the nursing diagnosis ineffective health management: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: da Silva Ricardo Costa , Gondim Micaelle Costa , Lopes Marcos Venícios de Oliveira , da Silva Viviane Martins , Cavalcante Agueda Maria Ruiz Zimmer 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundNursing diagnoses should reasonably represent global nursing practice phenomena, organizing indicators in their clinical structure that represent different scenarios and populations. However, few studies have summarized the evidence of these indicators, mainly for behavioral diagnoses.AimThis systematic review aimed to identify the best clinical indicators (CI) to determine the presence or absence of the nursing diagnosis “Ineffective Health Management” (IHM).MethodA systematic review with meta‐analysis was utilized. Six electronic databases were consulted to retrieve studies that identified the nursing diagnosis IHM, with at least one CI. The period of data collection was between September and October 2020. The research group independently conducted the selection, quality assessment, data extraction, and analysis of all included studies. Fixed‐effect measures and meta‐analyses summarized sensitivity, specificity measures, and diagnostic odds ratios using the statistical software R. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses and standards for reporting studies of diagnostic accuracy guidelines were used to guide this review, and quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies was used for the critical appraisal of the methodological quality of the included studies.ResultsThe systematic review included 11 studies on people with chronic conditions, the elderly, and pregnant women. The analyzed four CI showed diagnostic odds ratios statistically higher than the unit value, highlighting the “Failure to include the treatment regimen in daily living” (DOR = 45.53; CI = 10.1, 205.6).Linking Evidence to ActionOverall, findings showed that all CI of the IHM nursing diagnosis had good sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio measures to identify their presence correctly. These findings can contribute to better accuracy in nurses' decision‐making process, providing indicators to infer the IHM nursing diagnosis early in different population spectra based on the best measures of diagnostic accuracy.
A Method to Determine the Constitutive Parameters of Hyperelastic Films Based on Spherical Indentation
Authors: Zhu Wei , Fan Shengjun , Jia Fei , Leng Jinsong , Liu Yanju 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
An indentation method to determine the properties of hyperelastic thin films is proposed, which is to use a spherical indenter to indent on the film with a small circular hole in the center. During this progress, there exists a maximum indentation load before penetration. Considering geometries of the film and the indenter, the specific form of relationship between the maximum indentation load and the elastic properties of the film is developed for neo-Hookean, Arruda-Boyce, and Ogden hyperelastic constitutive models. On the basis of this relationship, the initial shear modulus of the film can be directly obtained from single data of the maximum load, instead of recording and fitting to indentation curves. Furthermore, other properties of hyperelastic materials are explored from the perspective of the inverse problem. The experiments are performed with natural rubber, silicone rubber, and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) films to verify the feasibility of our method, and the optimal radius ratio between the indenter and the hole is concluded from the experimental results.
Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Norwegian schools during academic year 2020-21: population wide, register based cohort study
Authors: Rotevatn T A , Bergstad Larsen Vilde , Bjordal Johansen Tone , Astrup Elisabeth , Surén Pål , Greve-Isdahl Margrethe , Telle Kjetil Elias 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveTo assess the risk of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in schools in Norway mainly kept open during the covid-19 pandemic in the academic year 2020-21.DesignPopulation wide, register based cohort study.SettingPrimary and lower secondary schools in Norway open during the academic year 2020-21, with strict infection prevention and control measures in place, such as organisation of students into smaller cohorts. Contact tracing, quarantine, and isolation were also implemented, and testing of students and staff identified as close contacts.ParticipantsAll students and educational staff in primary and lower secondary schools in Norway, from August 2020 to June 2021.Main outcome measuresOverall attack rate of SARS-CoV-2 transmission (AR14) was defined as the number of individuals (among students, staff, or both) in the school with covid-19, detected within 14 days of the index case, divided by the number of students and staff members in the school. AR14 to students (attack rates from all index cases to students only) and AR14 to school staff (attack rates from all index cases to staff members only) were also calculated. These measures for student and school staff index cases were also calculated separately to explore variation in AR14 based on the characteristics of the index case.ResultsFrom August 2020 to June 2021, 4078 index cases were identified; 3220 (79%) students and 858 (21%) school staff. In most (2230 (55%)) schools with an index case, no subsequent individuals with covid-19 were found within 14 days; in 631 (16%) schools, only one more individual with covid-19 within 14 days was found. Overall, AR14 was 0.33% (95% confidence interval 0.32% to 0.33%). When restricting index cases and subsequent individuals with covid-19 to students born in the same year, AR14 to students (0.56-0.78%) was slightly higher.ConclusionsRegarding the number of people infected with SARS-CoV-2 among students and staff, these results suggest that schools were not an important setting for transmission of the virus in Norway during the covid-19 pandemic in the academic year 2020-21.
Addressing alcohol-related harms in the local night-time economy: a qualitative process evaluation from a complex systems perspective
Authors: McGill Elizabeth , Marks Dalya , Petticrew Mark , Egan Matt 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesEnglish local authorities (LAs) are interested in reducing alcohol-related harms and may use discretionary powers such as the Late Night Levy (LNL) to do so. This study aims to describe how system stakeholders hypothesise the levy may generate changes and to explore how the system, its actors and the intervention adapt and co-evolve over time.DesignA process evaluation from a complex systems perspective, using qualitative methods.SettingA London LA with high densities of residential and commercial properties, which implemented the LNL in 2014.ParticipantsData were generated through interviews with LNL implementers and alcohol consumers, observations in bars and during LNL patrols and documentary review.InterventionThe LNL allows LAs to charge late-night alcohol retailers an annual fee (£299–£4440) to manage and police the night-time economy (NTE).ResultsWhen the LNL was being considered, stakeholders from different interest groups advanced diverse opinions about its likely impacts while rarely referencing supporting research evidence. Proponents of the levy argued it could reduce crime and anti-social behaviour by providing additional funds to police and manage the NTE. Critics of the levy hypothesised adverse consequences linked to claims that the intervention would force venues to vary their hours or close, cluster closing times, reduce NTE diversity and undermine public–private partnerships. In the first 2 years, levy-funded patrols developed relationships with the licensed trade and the public. The LNL did not undermine public–private partnerships and while some premises varied their hours, these changes did not undermine the intervention’s viability, nor significantly cluster venue closing times, nor obviously damage the area’s reputation for having a diverse NTE.ConclusionsThis study applies a framework for process evaluation from a complex systems perspective. The evaluation could be extended to measure alcohol-related outcomes and to consider the interplay between the national and local systems.
Randomised clinical non-inferiority trial of breathing-based meditation and cognitive processing therapy for symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in military veterans
Authors: Bayley Peter J , Schulz-Heik R Jay , Tang Julia S , Mathersul Danielle C , Avery Tim , Wong Melinda , Zeitzer Jamie M , Rosen Craig S , Burn Adam S , Hernandez Beatriz , Lazzeroni Laura C , Seppälä Emma M 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveTest whether Sudarshan Kriya Yoga (SKY) was non-inferior to cognitive processing therapy (CPT) for treating symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among veterans via a parallel randomised controlled non-inferiority trial.SettingOutpatient Veterans Affairs healthcare centre.Participants85 veterans (75 men, 61% white, mean age 56.9) with symptoms of PTSD participated between October 2015 and March 2020: 59 participants completed the study.InterventionsSKY emphasises breathing routines and was delivered in group format in a 15-hour workshop followed by two 1-hour sessions per week for 5 weeks. CPT is an individual psychotherapy which emphasises shifting cognitive appraisals and was delivered in two 1-hour sessions per week for 6 weeks.MeasuresThe primary outcome measure was the PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C). The secondary measures were the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS).ResultsMean PCL-C at baseline was 56.5 (±12.6). Intent-to-treat analyses showed that PCL-C scores were reduced at 6 weeks (end of treatment) relative to baseline (SKY, −5.6, d=0.41, n=41: CPT, −6.8, d=0.58, n=44). The between-treatment difference in change scores was within the non-inferiority margin of 10 points (−1.2, 95% CI −5.7 to 3.3), suggesting SKY was not inferior to CPT. SKY was also non-inferior at 1-month (CPT–SKY: −2.1, 95% CI −6.9 to 2.8) and 1-year (CPT–SKY: −1.8, 95% CI −6.6 to 2.9) assessments. SKY was also non-inferior to CPT on the BDI-II and PANAS at end of treatment and 1 month, but SKY was inferior to CPT on both BDI-II and PANAS at 1 year. Dropout rates were similar (SKY, 27%, CPT, 34%: OR=1.36, 95% CI 0.51 to 3.62, p=0.54).ConclusionsSKY may be non-inferior to CPT for treating symptoms of PTSD and merits further consideration as a treatment for PTSD.Trial registration numberNCT02366403.
Meanings and senses of organisational silence by male nurses in the emergency department: an interpretative phenomenological study protocol
Authors: Liu Ting , Xu Min , Ye Menghua , Pan Yue , Xu Nafei , Tan Xiaoxue , Sun Qiuhua 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionThe organisational silence of nursing teams has received increasing attention from managers. Chinese nurses have a relatively high score for organisational silence, and male nurses score higher than female nurses. Lack of professional empathy, high pressure in the work environment, and traditional Chinese cultural factors suggest that Chinese male nurses’ experiences of and reasons for organisational silence are complex and unique. Taking male nurses in the emergency department as an example, this study explores the experience and meaning of male nurses’ organisational silence and provides ideas for nursing managers to understand the silence of male nurses.Methods and analysisAn interpretative phenomenological approach underpins the study design. In this study, the purposive sampling method will be used to select male nurses who meet the inclusion criteria with maximum differentiation as a strategy. Face-to-face semistructured interviews and Van Manen analysis methods will be used for data collection and analysis.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (ethical approval ID: 2019-KL-036-01). Participants will provide informed consent, will be able to withdraw at any time and will have their contributions kept confidential. The findings of the study will be shared with relevant stakeholders and disseminated in conference presentations and journal publications.Trial registration numberChinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100047057).
Risk factors for non-invasive (skin and soft tissue) and invasive Staphylococcus aureus infections among children and adults living in southeastern USA: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Portela Gerard Thomas , Leong Traci , Webster Andrew , Giarrusso Anthony , Fridkin Scott , Ray Susan M , Swerdlow David , Immergluck Lilly Cheng 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveTo characterise individual and area-level risks associated with invasive or skin and soft tissue (SSTIs) Staphylococcus aureus infections comparing methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) with methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA); and highlight differences between children and adults.SettingA population-based study from 21 reporting laboratories located in Georgia Health District 3 (HD3), an eight-county catchment area around metro Atlanta.ParticipantsA case is a resident of HD3 from whom S. aureus had been isolated in 2017.Primary outcomeCulture-confirmed S. aureus infections, classified as skin and soft tissue (proxy for non-invasive) or invasive, by methicillin-sensitivity status.ResultsThe incidence of SSTIs was 19.7/100 000, compared with 5.2/100 000 for invasive infections. Adults experienced higher rates of SSTIs (22.3/100 000) and invasive infections (6.7/100 000) compared with children with SSTIs (13.0/100 000) and invasive infections (1.3/100 000). Risks of MRSA versus MSSA SSTIs were similar for children and adults. Black individuals with SSTIs were more likely to have MRSA than white individuals (children (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.76); adults (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.42)). Adults with invasive MRSA were more likely to be black (adjusted OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.25 to 2.29) compared with those with invasive MSSA. Children with invasive MRSA were more likely from a racial-ethnic concentrated area (OR 4.66, 95% CI 1.85 to 11.71). Hotspots of MRSA were found in crowded areas with higher rates of black populations.ConclusionsThe risk of MRSA infections in children and adults can be defined by unique area-level sociodemographic characteristics which were distinct for those areas associated with MSSA infections. Place-based risks of MRSA or MSSA can be used to develop target public health interventions to decrease transmission and incidence.
Utility of screening for adverse childhood experiences (ACE) in children and young people attending clinical and healthcare settings: a systematic review
Authors: Cibralic Sara , Alam Mafruha , Mendoza Diaz Antonio , Woolfenden Susan , Katz Ilan , Tzioumi Dimitra , Murphy Elisabeth , Deering April , McNamara Lorna , Raman Shanti , Eapen Valsamma 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveTo examine and synthesise the literature on adverse childhood experience (ACE) screening in clinical and healthcare settings servicing children (0–11) and young people (12–25).DesignA systematic review of literature was undertaken.Data sourcePsycInfo, Web of Science, Embase, PubMed and CINAHL were searched through June 2021. Additional searches were also undertaken.Eligibility criteriaEnglish language studies were included if they reported results of an ACE tool being used in a clinical or healthcare setting, participants were aged between 0 and 25 years and the ACE tool was completed by children/young people or by parents/caregivers/clinicians on behalf of the child/young person. Studies assessing clinicians’ views on ACE screening in children/young people attending health settings were also included.Data extraction and synthesisTwo independent reviewers extracted data and assessed for risk of bias using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Results were synthesised qualitatively.ResultsInitial searches identified 5231 articles, of which 36 were included in the final review. Findings showed that the most commonly used tool for assessing ACE was the ACE questionnaire; administering ACE tools was found to be feasible and acceptable; there were limited studies looking at the utility, feasibility and acceptability of assessing for ACE in First Nations people; and while four studies provided information on actions taken following ACE screening, no follow-up data were collected to determine whether participants accessed services and/or the impact of accessing services.ConclusionAs the evidence stands, widespread ACE screening is not recommended for routine clinical use. More research is needed on how and what specific ACE to screen for and the impact of screening on well-being.PROSPERO registration numberUniversity of York Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD42021260420).
Decision aids for home and community care: a systematic review
Authors: Lognon Tania , Plourde Karine V , Aubin Emmanuelle , Giguere Anik M C , Archambault Patrick M , Stacey Dawn , Légaré France 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesDecision aids (DAs) for clients in home and community care can support shared decision-making (SDM) with patients, healthcare teams and informal caregivers. We aimed to identify DAs developed for home and community care, verify their adherence to international DA criteria and explore the involvement of interprofessional teams in their development and use.DesignSystematic review reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.Data sourcesSix electronic bibliographic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL Plus, Web of Science, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Library) from inception to November 2019, social media and grey literature websites up to January 2021.Eligibility criteriaDAs designed for home and community care settings or including home care or community services as options.Data extraction and synthesisTwo reviewers independently reviewed citations. Analysis consisted of a narrative synthesis of outcomes and a thematic analysis. DAs were appraised using the International Patient Decision Aid Standards (IPDAS). We collected information on the involvement of interprofessional teams, including nurses, in their development and use.ResultsAfter reviewing 10 337 database citations and 924 grey literature citations, we extracted characteristics of 33 included DAs. DAs addressed a variety of decision points. Nearly half (42%) were relevant to older adults. Several DAs did not meet IPDAS criteria. Involvement of nurses and interprofessional teams in the development and use of DAs was minimal (33.3% of DAs).ConclusionDAs concerned a variety of decisions, especially those related to older people. This reflects the complexity of decisions and need for better support in this sector. There is little evidence about the involvement of interprofessional teams in the development and use of DAs in home and community care settings. An interprofessional approach to designing DAs for home care could facilitate SDM with people being cared for by teams.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020169450.
Effectiveness of a nurse-led coaching of self-care agency intervention for elderly patients with total laryngectomy: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Zheng Liyuan , Luo Zhen , Wang Huifen , Liu Shu'e , Li Xue , Peng Danxia , Liu Yan , Ye Sanxia , Lu Yuchen , Chen Jian , Mei Zhidan , Wei Lai , Qian Yu , Lin Xi , Xu Chun 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionDue to functional defects and structural destruction after total laryngectomy, patients experienced the poor quality of life, especially for elderly. The barriers to accessing self-care in elderly patients were considered to result from complex and multifaceted interactions of biologic and social factors. Therefore, specific efforts to improve elderly patients’ quality of life are needed. The purpose of our study is to verify nurse-led coaching of elderly patient self-care approaches, which can reduce logistic burden of patients and obtain the successful functional rehabilitation ultimately.Methods and analysisElderly patients (n=60) scheduled for total laryngectomy will be randomly divided into the intervention group and the control group. Patients in the control group received routinely nursing during hospitalisation and thereby at home after discharge received conventional family care without regular supervision of nurses. Patients in the intervention group will receive a series of self-care intervention based on the transtheoretical model during hospitalisation. During home after discharge, nurses will additionally evaluate and supervise the self-care effect of patients. The two groups of patients’ self-care agency, self-efficacy, quality of life and nutritional status will be recorded separately at different time points. Primary outcome is the improvement of patients’ self-care agency, and secondary outcome is the improvements of patients’ self-efficacy, quality of life, nutritional states and 3-month unplanned readmission rate.Ethics and disseminationThe Ethics Committee of Hubei Cancer Hospital has approved this protocol (KYLLBA2020006). The findings of the trial will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, national or international conferences.Trial registration numberChiCTR2100043731.