bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Daam2 Regulates Myelin Structure and the Oligodendrocyte Actin Cytoskeleton through Rac1 and Gelsolin
Authors: Cristobal Carlo D. , Wang Chih-Yen , Zuo Zhongyuan , Smith Joshua A. , Lindeke-Myers Aaron , Bellen Hugo J. , Lee Hyun Kyoung 
Published: January 2022

Myelin is essential to neuronal health and CNS function, and oligodendrocytes (OLs) undergo a complex process of cytoskeletal remodeling to form compact myelin sheaths. We previously discovered that a formin protein, Dishevelled associated activator of morphogenesis 2 (Daam2), suppresses OL differentiation through Wnt signaling; however, its role in cytoskeletal control remains unknown. To investigate this, we used OL-specific Daam2 conditional knockout (Daam2 cKO) mice of either sex and found myelin decompaction during an active period of myelination in postnatal development and motor coordination deficits in adulthood. Using primary OL cultures, we found Daam2-depleted OLs showed morphologic dysregulation during differentiation, suggesting that Daam2 regulates the OL cytoskeleton.In vivoscreening identified the actin regulators Rac1 and Gelsolin as possible effectors in Daam2-deficient OL cytoskeletal regulation. Using gain-of-function and loss-of-function (LOF) experiments in primary OLs, we found that Rac1 and Gelsolin operate downstream of Daam2 in OL differentiation, with Gelsolin and Daam2 promoting and inhibiting membrane spreading during late differentiation, respectively.In vivoexperiments using Daam2 cKO mice revealed increased protein levels of Gelsolin in the developing white matter with no change in RNA levels, suggesting that Daam2 acts in a posttranslational manner to suppress Gelsolin levels.In vitrobiochemical studies show Daam2 induces Gelsolin ubiquitination and degradation in OLs. Together, our studies show Daam2 is essential for formation of functional myelin through modulation of Gelsolin levels to regulate the OL cytoskeleton. These findings further demonstrate the critical role of cytoskeletal dynamics in myelination and reveal novel avenues for treatment of a variety of white matter diseases.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTProper myelin formation is essential to CNS function, and oligodendrocytes (OLs) require extensive changes in the actin cytoskeleton to form myelin sheaths. Here, we show that the formin protein Dishevelled associated activator of morphogenesis 2 (Daam2) is necessary for myelin compaction during development and motor learning in adulthood. Further, we demonstrate that Daam2 regulates OL differentiation and morphology through actin regulators Rac1 and Gelsolin. Lastly, we find that Daam2 may control myelin compaction by modulating the ubiquitination and degradation of Gelsolin through recruitment of the E3 ubiquitin ligase Nedd4. These findings reveal novel pathways for regulating myelin structure and function during white matter development.
PTEN Regulates Dendritic Arborization by Decreasing Microtubule Polymerization Rate
Authors: Getz Stephanie A. , Tariq Kamran , Marchand Dylan H. , Dickson Conor R. , Howe VI James R. , Skelton Patrick D. , Wang Wei , Li Meijie , Barry Jeremy M. , Hong Jennifer , Luikart Bryan W. 
Published: January 2022

Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a major negative regulator of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. Loss-of-function mutations inPTENhave been found in a subset of patients with macrocephaly and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). PTEN loss in neurons leads to somal hypertrophy, aberrant migration, dendritic overgrowth, increased spine density, and hyperactivity of neuronal circuits. These neuronal overgrowth phenotypes are present onPtenknock-out (KO) and reconstitution with autism-associated point mutations. The mechanism underlying dendritic overgrowth inPtendeficient neurons is unclear. In this study, we examined howPtenloss impacts microtubule (MT) dynamics in both sexes using retroviral infection and transfection strategies to manipulate PTEN expression and tag the plus-end MT binding protein, end-binding protein 3 (EB3). We foundPtenKO neurons sprout more new processes over time compared with wild-type (WT) neurons. We also found an increase in MT polymerization rate inPtenKO dendritic growth cones. Reducing MT polymerization rate to the WT level was sufficient to reduce dendritic overgrowth inPtenKO neuronsin vitroandin vivo. Finally, we found that rescue of dendritic overgrowth via inhibition of MT polymerization was sufficient to improve the performance ofPtenKO mice in a spatial memory task. Taken together, our data suggests that one factor underlying PTEN loss dependent dendritic overgrowth is increased MT polymerization. This opens the possibility for an intersectional approach targeting MT polymerization and mTOR with low doses of inhibitors to achieve therapeutic gains with minimal side effects in pathologies associated with loss of neuronal PTEN function.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTLoss ofPtenfunction because of genetic deletion or expression of mutations associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), results in overgrowth of neurons including increased total dendritic length and branching. We have discovered that this overgrowth is accompanied by increased rate of microtubule (MT) polymerization. The increased polymerization rate is insensitive to acute inhibition of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR)C1 or protein synthesis. Direct pharmacological inhibition of MT polymerization can slow the polymerization rate inPtenknock-out (KO) neurons to rates seen in wild-type (WT) neurons. Correction of the MT polymerization rate rescues increased total dendritic arborization and spatial memory. Our studies suggest that phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) inhibits dendritic growth through parallel regulation of protein synthesis and cytoskeletal polymerization.
Signet ring cell gastric carcinoma with breast and leptomeningeal metastases: a case report
Authors: Moldovan Tiberiu Rareș , Căinap Călin , Fekete Zsolt , Pușcaș Emil , Roman Andrei , Buiga Rareș , Olteanu Diana , Bota Mădălina , Căinap Simona , Bochiș Ovidiu 
Published: January 2022

Gastric cancer is the 5th most common malignancy worldwide. Signet ring cell histology represents an aggressive subtype of gastric cancer, presenting at a younger age. Both breast and leptomeningeal metastases are rare locations of tumor dissemination, requiring correct and immediate diagnosis and treatment. We present a case of a 45-year old female with signet ring cell gastric carcinoma who developed both left breast and leptomeningeal metastases, requiring multiple chemotherapy lines. As far as we know, this is the first published case in literature following multiple lines of treatment for both breast and leptomeningeal metastases from signet ring cell gastric carcinoma.
Effect of surface sealants on color stability of different resin composites
Authors: Korkut Bora , Bud Marius , Kukey Pelin , Sancakli Hande 
Published: January 2022

Objective. The aim was to assess the effect of surface sealants on the color stability of different composite materials.
Methodology. 120 samples were prepared using Filtek Ultimate (3M, USA), Charisma Topaz (Kulzer, Germany), and Clearfil Majesty Es-2 Premium (Kuraray Noritake, Japan) composites. The samples were polished with polishing discs and divided by test groups (n=10 for each), regarding the sealant used; Permaseal (Ultradent Products, USA), Biscover LV (Bisco, USA), Optiglaze Clear (GC Corp., Japan) and control. The samples were discolored for 144 hours in coffee solution at constant 37°C, renewing daily. Color measurements were performed at the baseline, following the sealant application, and after discoloration procedure, using a spectrophotometer (EasyShade 5, Vita-Zahnfabrik, Germany). The collected L*C*h* coordinates were converted to corresponding L*a*b* coordinates and the color changes (∆E) were calculated.
Results. All the sealants presented perceptible (> 1.2) and unacceptable (> 2.7) color changes. Biscover LV presented the lowest ∆E among all sealants (p <0.001). The highest ∆E was observed for Permaseal (p <0.001). Color changes for Optiglaze and control groups were similar (p ≥0.05). Filtek Ultimate presented the highest color stability (p <0.001), followed by Charisma Topaz and Clearfil Majesty. The combination of Filtek Ultimate with Biscover LV was considered to have the highest color stability, whereas the combination of Clearfil Majesty with Permaseal was considered the lowest, among all.
Conclusion. Experimented sealants were considered relatively effective on color stability of resin composites depending on the type of the sealant and the composite material. However, the use of surface sealants may not be advantageous every time. Biscover LV have inhibited the level of discoloration, whereas Permaseal had an increasing effect generally.
Defining the prosodic word with segmental processes in Dagbani
Authors: Hudu Fusheini 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Few studies have explored the relevance of metrical structures in segmental processes. This paper shows that Dagbani (Gur, Ghana), has a prosodic word dominating a trochaic foot which licenses segmental processes and phonotactics. The foot is the domain for marked vowels and unmarked consonants. The prosodic word regulates the sequencing of syllables of different degrees of sonority and weight within a word. The Optimality Theoretic analyses make use of classical metrical theory and prosodic principles used in defining the prosodic word in stress languages to highlight the typological relevance of these principles and the prosodic universality of these metrical structures.
Ruang Disabilitas dalam Pemberitaan Media
Authors: Arifah Anisa Nurul , Suryana Cecep , Muchtar Khoiruddin 
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pandangan anggota Jurnalposmedia mengenai adanya rubrik difabel pada media online Tempo.co yang diidentifikasi dengan tiga aspek proses persepsi menurut Alex Sobur yaitu seleksi, interpretasi, dan reaksi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi deskriptif, yakni memaparkan bagaimana persepsi anggota Jurnalposmedia mengenai adanya rubrik difabel pada media online Tempo.co. Paradigma dalam penelitian ini adalah paradigma konstruktivisme dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari proses seleksi di mana para anggota Jurnalposmedia perlu memiliki pengetahuan atas informasi yang akan dibahas, angggota Jurnalposmedia juga mengetahui adanya rubrik difabel pada media online Tempo.co. Sementara itu, hasil dari interpretasi menyatakan bahwa rubrik difabel merupakan rubrik yang menarik sekaligus menjadi jalan bagi jurnalis dalam memberi kontribusi terhadap masyarakat. Reaksi yang dihasilkan adalah anggota Jurnalposmedia menyukai adanya rubrik difabel dan menjadikan rubrik difabel sebagai referensi dalam penulisan berita disabilitas.
This research aims to understand how the views of Jurnalposmedia members regarding the diffable rubric in the online media Tempo.co who identified by looking at three aspects of the perception or view process by Alex Sobur, namely the selection, interpretation, and reaction. This research uses a descriptive study method, namely by explaining how the perception of the Jurnalposmedia members regarding the diffable rubric in the online media Tempo.co. The paradigm in this research is the constructivism paradigm with a qualitative approach. The results of the study indicate that from the selection process, Jurnalposmedia members that they are aware of the diffable rubric. Meanwhile the results of the interpretation stated that the diffable rubric was an interesting and educational rubric. The resulting reaction was that the informants liked the diffable rubric and made the diffable rubric a reference in writing disability news.
Pengelolaan Digital Public Relations melalui Media Internal Kontak PT KAI
Authors: Hanifa Nurul , Abidin Yusuf Zaenal , Astuti Dyah Rahmi 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengelolaan Digital Public Relations melalui Media Internal Kontak PT Kereta Api Indonesia. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif, adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan adalah wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan Digital PR pada Media Internal Kontak melalui lima tahapan, yaitu (1) planning yakni dengan merencanakan tujuan dengan membuat perencanaan taktis yang dikategorisasikan menjadi penentuan rubrik, penentuan PIC dan penentuan tema pada setiap edisi Media Internal Kontak yang akan diterbitkan. (2) organizing dengan melakukan staffing (pembagian kerja) kepada seluruh individu yang terlibat dalam pembuatan konten Media Internal Kontak. (3) communicating yakni dengan memanfaatkan beberapa media diantaranya, portal internal E-office, Corporate Email dan Whatsapp untuk publikasi Media Internal Kontak kepada publik internal. (4) controlling dengan melakukan pengawasan bersifat internal berupa pengawasan konten, serta menampung saran dan kritik dari pembaca. (5) evaluating, menyewa jasa konsultan humas, melakukan evaluasi bulanan, serta melaksanakan evaluasi tahunan.
Kata Kunci : Pengelolaan; Digital Public Relations; Media Internal
ABSTRACT

This research aims to find out the management of Digital Public Relations through Internal Media Contact of PT Kereta Api Indonesia. The research method uses a descriptive method, while the data collection technique performed is an in-depth interview. The results showed that the management of Digital PR in Internal Media Contact through five stages, namely (1) planning by planning the objective by making tactical planning categorized into the determination of rubrics, pic determination and determination of themes in each edition of Internal Media Contact to be published. (2) organizing by staffing to all individuals involved in the creation of Internal Media Contact content. (3) communicating by utilizing several media including, internal portal E-office, Corporate Email and Whatsapp for publication of Internal Media Contacts to the internal public. (4) controlling by conducting internal surveillance in the form of content supervision, as well as accommodating advice and criticism from readers. (5) evaluating, hiring Public Relations consulting services, conducting monthly evaluations, and carrying out annual evaluations.

Keywords : Management; Digital Public Relations; Media Internal
Manajemen Penggunaan Majalah Surili Sebagai Wujud Peduli Hutan di Jawa Barat
Authors: Handayani Putri Tri , Muchtar Khoiruddin , Ma'arif Abdul Aziz 
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui lebih dalam bagaimana manajemen penggunaan majalah Surili sebagai wujud peduli hutan di Jawa Barat. Mengingat majalah internal yang diterbitkan oleh Dinas Kehutanan Provinsi Jawa Barat memiliki eksistensi yang cukup tinggi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu analisis deskriptif, dimana penelitian ini menguraikan dan menjabarkan dengan jelas bagaimana proses manajemen majalah Surili. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa Dinas Kehutanan Provinsi Jawa Barat menggunakan konsep four steps Public Relations dalam proses pembuatan majalah Surili meliputi : (1) tahap merumuskan masalah yang terdiri dari analisis situasi, aspirasi dan kompilasi data dan informasi; (2) tahap perencanaan program yang terdiri dari menentukan tujuan, nama majalah, target pembaca, konten majalah, desain, dan jadwal; (3) tahap tindakan dan komunikasi yang terdiri dari mengemas pesan untuk khalayak, melibatkan pegawai dalam penulisan dan melakukan promosi; dan (4) tahap evaluasi yang terdiri dari diskusi dan evaluasi tim penyusun majalah.
This study aims to find out more about the management of the use of Surili magazine as a form of forest care in West Java. Considering that an internal magazine published by the West Java Provincial Forestry Service has a fairly high existence. The research method used is descriptive analysis, where this study describes and clearly describes the management process of Surili magazine. The results of this study indicate that the West Java Provincial Forestry Service uses the four steps concept of Public Relations in the process of making Surili magazine, including: (1) the stage of formulating the problem consisting of situation analysis, aspirations and compilation of data and information; (2) the program planning stage which consists of determining the objectives, name of the magazine, target readers, magazine content, design, and schedule; (3) the action and communication stage which consists of packaging messages for the audience, involving employees in writing and conducting promotions; and (4) evaluation stage which consists of discussion and evaluation of the magazine drafting team.
Integration of complete elemental mass-balanced stoichiometry and aqueous-phase chemistry for bioprocess modelling of liquid and solid waste treatment systems − Part 3: Measuring the organics composition
Authors: GA Ekama  , CJ Brouckaert  
Published: January 2022

Bioprocesses transform the components of the material entering single or multiple reactor systems from one kind to another without a change in total material exiting the system(s) in the solid, aqueous or gas phases. Provided that the correct measurements are made that can quantify the material content of the bioprocess products (outputs), the material content of the bioprocess reactants (inputs) can be determined from the bioprocess products via stoichiometry. Based on this principle of mass conservation, the augmented biomethane (AugBMP) and biosulphide (AugBSP) potential test procedures are proposed, which change the BMP from a stand-alone test to a bio-reactor on which a range of additional tests are made to determine the composition of biodegradable organics. The AugBSP, which is based on biological sulphate reduction, can replace the inaccurate gas measurements in the BMP with the more accurate aqueous sulphate and sulphide measurements. The suitability of these two procedures is evaluated from a theoretical and modelling perspective. The analytical tests required to determine the composition of influent organics, expressed as CxHyOzNaPbSc, are identified. Examples of the calculation procedure from the test results are given. It is concluded that the augmented BMP (AugBMP) and BSP (AugBSP) test procedures, supplemented by anaerobic digestion dynamic modelling, are as accurate as the analytical measurements for determining the composition of biodegradable organics, and also allow the hydrolysis rate of the biodegradable organics and the unbiodegradable fraction of the organics to be determined. Knowing these characteristics of organics fed to anaerobic digesters is important to predict the anaerobic digester performance and stability.
Causes of Students’ Reluctance to Participate in Classroom Discussions
Authors: Ahmad Crizjale V. 
Published: January 2022

T main purpose of this study is to find out the causes of the respondents’ reluctance to participate in classroom discussions among college students at Notre Dame of Tacurong College (NDTC), enrolled during the academic year 2016-2017. The descriptive method of research is employed to determine the causes of the respondents’ reluctance to participate in classroom discussions. The study is conducted at Notre Dame of Tacurong College (NDTC) with 273 respondents of whom 114 are males and 159 females coming from all courses and year levels. Convenient sampling is utilized to identify the individual respondents from each course included in the study. A researcher-made survey questionnaire that is formulated by the researcher after a review of literature and studies was used to gather data for this study. Statistical tools such as frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation were used to treat the data. Findings disclose that out of 273 respondents, the majority (58.24%) are female against 41.76% male. As to course, most (18.32%) of the respondents are BSCrim students. As to year level, most (34.43%) of them are second-year students. As to the ethnicity of the respondents, most (47.99%) of them are Ilongos. Further findings show that generally, the investigated causes of students’ reluctance to participate in classroom discussions are moderately prevalent. The top three causes are being tensed when forced by teachers to answer a question; getting tensed and nervous to speak in front of the whole class, and having faulty pronunciation in English. Also, the most popular strategy used by students to participate in classroom discussions is to think carefully about what to communicate before they participate. Based on the major findings of the study, it can be concluded that there are moderately prevalent causes that hinder the participation of some students in the classroom. As a result, several recommendations are offered to academic leaders, teachers, counsellors and students to address the issues so students feel more capable, confident and comfortable to actively participate in their classroom discussions.
SOSIALISASI PERSEPSI REMAJA TENTANG BODY IMAGE, POLA AKTIVITAS FISIK DAN PENGUKURAN ANTROPOMETRI
Authors: Puspita Gina , Susyanto Bambang Edi , Aprilia Suci 
Published: January 2022

Latar Belakang: Status gizi remaja dipengaruhi oleh kebiasaan makan dan aktivitas fisik. Persepsi body image remaja diduga memengaruhi kebiasaan makan. Persepsi body image positif dan pola aktivitas fisik yang benar akan meningkatkan kualitas status gizi yang baik pada remaja. Kami melakukan pelatihan pengukuran antropometri, penilaian body image, dan aktivitas fisik pada remaja.
Tujuan: Melihat gambaran persepsi body image dan aktivitas fisik terhadap Index Masa Tubuh Remaja
Metode: Desain observasional deskriptif melibatkan 45 remaja dari SMA. Pelatihan pengukuran antropometri untuk mendapatkan hasil IMT kemudian dinilai menggunakan CDC 2000. Persepsi body image dinilai dengan skoring Figure Rating Scale (FRS).
Hasil: Didapatkan dari 45 remaja dengan hasil IMT persentil > 85 memiliki persepsi body image positif sebesar (67%) dan sisanya (33%) negatif. Remaja dengan hasil IMT persentil >85 sebagian besar melakukan aktivitas fisik (80%).
Implikasi: Peserta dapat memahami cara pengukuran antropometri yang tepat. Pengenalan terhadap persepsi body image terhadap IMT peserta. Memahami pentingnya melakukan aktivitas fisik pada remaja yang tepat.
Simpulan: Remaja dengan gizi lebih sebagian besar memiliki persepsi body image positif dan melakukan aktivitas fisik 30menit/hari. Telah terlaksana kegiatan pengabdian pengembangan SMA Muhammdiyah Sleman, dari tahap sosialisasi hingga terbentuknya persepsi yang baik mengenai body image dan aktivitas fisik pada remaja.
The Relationship between COVID-19 Suspected Patient’s Coagulation and Platelet Parameters and Polymerase Chain Reaction Results
Authors: ARSLANBEK ERDEM Mukadder , CUBUKCU Mahcube , MÜDERRİSOĞLU Seçil , ACİ Recai , KESKİN Adem , TÜRE Eda 
Published: January 2022

Objective: This study aims to investigate the relationship between prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), INR (International Normalized Ratio), and D-dimer levels, platelet (PLT) levels at hospital admission, and positivity or negativity of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test results in patients with suspected coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) followed at COVID-19 services.
Method: This study was performed on 238 patients with the prediagnosis of COVID-19, all patients are hospitalised in Samsun city at our hospital between 11 March 2020-30 May 2020. According to COVID-19 PCR test results, PCR test negative 119 individua and PCR test positive 119 patients were included in the study. PT, aPTT, D-dimer, INR, and PLT levels were examined.
Result: While PCR test negative individuals had a mean PT value of 11.46±0.86 sec, PCR test positive patients had a mean PT value of 12.97±3.65 sec (p