bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disrupted role of the connectivity between the locus coeruleus and the hippocampus in cognition of healthy, middle-aged individuals at risk of dementia: the PREVENT-Dementia study
Authors: Deng Feng , Dounavi Maria-Eleni , Ritchie Karen , Muniz-Terrera Graciela , Malhotra Paresh , Ritchie Craig W , Lawlor Brian , Naci Lorina 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIt is well acknowledged that Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) pathological processes start decades before clinical manifestations, but the brain mechanism of sporadic AD in midlife remains unclear. To address this gap, we examined whether risk factors for late-life AD are associated with disrupted connectivity between two key structures in AD pathophysiology – the Locus Coeruleus (LC) and hippocampus – and its role in cognition, in a cohort of middle-aged and cognitively healthy individuals. Detailed neuropsychological assessments and functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging were obtained at baseline (N=210), and two-years follow-up (N=188). Associations of cognition and LC–Hippocampus functional connectivity with apolipoprotein ε4 (APOE4) genotype, and dementia family history (FHD) were investigated using linear regression. Correlations between the Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Incidence of Dementia (CAIDE) dementia risk score and cognitive and functional measures were further investigated. APOE ε4 allele was significantly associated with better performance in verbal, spatial and relational memory. Higher CAIDE scores were significantly associated with worse performance in verbal, visuospatial functions and short-term (conjunctive) memory. The CAIDE dementia risk score moderated the relationship between cognition and LC–Hippocampus functional connectivity. In individuals with low (=<3)/high (>=8) CAIDE scores, higher functional connectivity was significantly associated with better/worse cognition. These results shed light on the brain mechanism of incipient AD neuropathology in individuals, who are at high risk for late-life dementia on the cardiovascular risk score, but presently cognitively healthy.
P1 bacteriophage-enabled delivery of CRISPR-Cas9 antimicrobial activity against Shigella flexneri
Authors: Huan Yang W. , Torraca Vincenzo , Brown Russell , Fa-arun Jidapha , Miles Sydney L. , Oyarzún Diego A. , Mostowy Serge , Wang Baojun 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTThe discovery of clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and the Cas9 RNA-guided nuclease provides unprecedented opportunities to selectively kill specific populations or species of bacteria. However, the use of CRISPR-Cas9 to clear bacterial infections in vivo is hampered by the inefficient delivery of cas9 genetic constructs into bacterial cells. Here, we use a broad-host-range P1-derived phagemid to deliver the CRISPR-Cas9 chromosomal-targeting system into Escherichia coli and the dysentery-causing Shigella flexneri to achieve DNA sequence-specific killing of targeted bacterial cells. We show that genetic modification of the helper P1 phage DNA packaging site (pac) significantly enhances the purity of packaged phagemid and improves the Cas9-mediated killing of S. flexneri cells. We further demonstrate that P1 phage particles can deliver chromosomal-targeting cas9 phagemids into S. flexneri in vivo using a zebrafish larvae infection model, where it significantly reduces the bacterial load and promotes host survival. Our study highlights the potential of combining a P1 bacteriophage-based delivery with the CRISPR chromosomal-targeting system to achieve DNA sequence-specific cell lethality and efficient clearance of bacterial infection.
Environmental DNA phylogeography: successful reconstruction of phylogeographic patterns of multiple fish species from a cup of water
Authors: Tsuji Satsuki , Shibata Naoki , Inui Ryutei , Nakao Ryohei , Akamatsu Yoshihisa , Watanabe Katsutoshi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPhylogeography is an integrative field of science linking micro- and macro-evolutionary processes, contributing to the inference of vicariance, dispersal, speciation, and other population-level processes. Phylogeographic surveys usually require considerable effort and time to obtain numerous samples from many geographical sites covering the distribution range of target species; this associated high cost limits their application. Recently, environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis has been useful not only for detecting species but also for assessing genetic diversity; hence, there has been growing interest in its application to phylogeography. As the first step of eDNA-based phylogeography, we examined (1) data screening procedures suitable for phylogeography and (2) whether the results obtained from eDNA analysis accurately reflect known phylogeographic patterns. For these purposes, we performed quantitative eDNA metabarcoding using group-specific primer sets in five freshwater fish species belonging to two taxonomic groups from a total of 94 water samples collected from western Japan. As a result, three-step data screening based on the DNA copy number of each haplotype detected successfully eliminated suspected false positive haplotypes. Furthermore, eDNA analysis could almost perfectly reconstruct the phylogenetic and phylogeographic patterns obtained for all target species with the conventional method. Despite existing limitations and future challenges, eDNA-based phylogeography can significantly reduce survey time and effort and is applicable for simultaneous analysis of multiple species in single water samples. eDNA-based phylogeography has the potential to revolutionise phylogeography.
The influence of the personality traits and sociodemographic CEO characteristics on performance of SMEs: evidence from Chile
Authors: Inostroza M. Alejandra , Espinosa-Méndez Christian 
Published: September 2022

PurposeIn this paper the authors study how sociodemographic characteristics and personality traits of the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) impact financial performance in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in an emerging economy such as Chile.Design/methodology/approachThe authors applied a questionnaire to 185 Chilean SME CEOs during 2017 concerning sociodemographic characteristics (gender, age, experience and marital status), personality traits (extraversion, responsibility, openness to experience, agreeableness, and neuroticism) and firm characteristics.FindingsThe authors find that some sociodemographic characteristics (gender and age) significantly impact SME performance. The authors find no significant connection between personality traits and firm performance.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the business literature by investigating how sociodemographic variables and personality traits of the CEO are related to SME financial performance; by providing new evidence on the relationship between CEO characteristics and firm performance, mostly centered on developed economies, in the context of an emerging economy; and allowing for a better understanding of how CEO decisions impact firm performance.
Patient personal data protection: comparing the health-care regulations in Indonesia, Singapore and the European Union
Authors: Kharisma Dona Budi , Diakanza Alvalerie 
Published: September 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to identify the reasons why cases of leakage of patient personal data often occur in the health sector. This paper also analyzes personal data protection regulations in the health sector from a comparative legal perspective between Indonesia, Singapore and the European Union (EU).

Design/methodology/approach
This type of research is legal research. The research approach used is the statute approach and conceptual approach. The focus of this study in this research is Indonesia with a comparative study in Singapore and the EU.

Findings
Cases of leakage of patient personal data in Indonesia often occur. In 2021, the data for 230,000 COVID-19 patients was leaked and sold on the Rapid Forums dark web forum. A patient’s personal data is a human right that must be protected. Compared to Singapore and the EU, Indonesia is a country that does not yet have a law on the protection of personal data. This condition causes cases of leakage of patients’ personal data to occur frequently.

Research limitations/implications
This study analyzes the regulation and protection of patients’ personal data in Indonesia, Singapore and the EU to construct a regulatory design for the protection of patients’ personal data.

Practical implications
The results of this study are useful for constructing regulations governing the protection of patients’ personal data. The regulation is to protect the patient’s personal data like a patient’s human right.

Social implications
The ideal regulatory design can prevent data breaches. Based on the results of comparative studies, in Singapore and the EU, cases of personal data leakage are rare because they have a regulatory framework regarding the protection of patients’ personal data.

Originality/value
Legal strategies that can be taken to prevent and overcome patient data breaches include the establishment of an Act on Personal Data Protection; the Personal Data Protection Commission; and management of patients’ personal data.
State observer-based model reference adaptive balance control for one-leg stance
Authors: Tran Tri Duc , Duong Van Tu , Nguyen Hung Huy , Nguyen Tan Tien 
Published: September 2022

PurposeHumanoid robots have been utilized in many fields such as medical, construction, and disaster response. While humanoid robots nowadays can achieve great capabilities, the one-leg balancing task still poses a challenging problem. This paper aims to propose a novel approach to solve the problem.Design/methodology/approachTo aid the balance of one leg in humanoid robot, an external balance mechanism is inserted to the back of the humanoid robot. First, a dynamic model of the humanoid robot with balance mechanism and its simplified model are introduced. Second, a backstepping-based control method is utilized to build the proposed controller for one-leg stance system through two steps. For the first step, a minimum observer-based controller with a virtual control input is used to control the first sub-system reaching the desired reference input. For the second step, a virtual control input is considered as a reference input of a second sub-system, then a model reference adaptive controller (MRAC) is employed to control the second sub-system reaching the virtual control input in presence of uncertainties. By using the external balance mechanism, the sideway balancing task is separated from normal walking function. Furthermore, the utilization of the balance mechanism ensures the humanoid robot's hip adduction does not exceed the threshold of a human when walking. Finally, a simulation study is carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method.FindingsThis paper proposes a model reference adaptive control using state observer for balancing one leg of humanoid robot in stance phase that extends our previous research (Tran et al., 2021).Originality/valueThe main research contents have been introduced.
Domestic total factor productivity with trade and heterogenous foreign direct investment in developing countries: a case of Vietnamese manufacturing
Authors: Ngoc Pham Thi Bich , Vu Huynh Quoc , Dinh Long Pham 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThis paper aims to examine spillover effects of heterogenous foreign direct investment (FDI) enterprises (domestic vs. export-oriented) through horizontal and vertical linkages and absorptive capacity effect on domestic firms' total factor productivity (TFP). It clarifies the spillover effect on domestic firms in accordance with industrial zones, business size, technology sector and geographical agglomeration, respectively.Design/methodology/approachThe dataset used is based on Vietnamese manufacturing firms during 2011–2014, input–output (I–O) Table 2012. This paper is conducted in two steps: (1) TFP is estimated by using a semi-parametric approach developed by Levinsohn and Petrin (2003); (2) Regression with panel data for domestic firms, applying the fixed effect method.FindingsIn terms of domestic-oriented FDI (DFDI) enterprise group: TFP spillover through horizontal linkages is found negative for domestic firms but positive for those participating in export. Additionally, backward linkages have a negative impact on TFP for most domestic enterprises, except for those operating in the high-tech sector. In terms of export-oriented FDI (EFDI) enterprise group, horizontal linkages have a negative impact on domestic firms' TFP including domestic ones participating in export whereas backward linkage is an important channel with positive effects. Absorptive capacity enables firms to improve productivity through linkages with EFDI and DFDI enterprises. Exporters located in industrial zones or regions with numerous exporters can receive better impacts through backward linkages EFDI.Originality/valueComprehensively, this is the first paper to detect FDI heterogeneity in their behavior when entering a developing country like Vietnam. The added value in this study comes from the export ability of local firms which is in line with Melitz (2003) theory that they can excel in absorping the TFP spillover from competing with DFDI competitors or from supplying to EFDI enterprises. Moreover, the role of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), low technology, high technology and learning by regions affecting the impact through both horizontal and vertical linkages are included for analysis.
Beyond the hype: how blockchain affects supply chain performance
Authors: Markus Sven , Buijs Paul 
Published: September 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to contribute to the debate about the value of blockchain for supply chain management by assessing empirical evidence on the relationship between blockchain and supply chain performance.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors conducted a structured review of the academic literature to identify and assess papers providing empirical insight on operational blockchain applications. The authors complement the findings from this review with primary empirical data from 11 interviews with blockchain providers, users and experts involved in four recent projects.

Findings
The paper presents an integrated research framework that illustrates the impact of blockchain on supply chain performance. The findings highlight that blockchain can affect supply chain performance directly – via one of its core technological features – and indirectly via the broader business project through which blockchain technology is implemented.

Practical implications
Insights from this paper should provide managers with a more nuanced understanding of how blockchain technology can be leveraged to address important supply chain management challenges.

Originality/value
Prior research addressing the relationship between blockchain and supply chain performance mostly discusses potential performance effects of blockchain, presents individual blockchain applications and/or provides little explanation for how the core technological features of blockchain affect supply chain performance. This paper systematically assesses the ways in which blockchain can affect supply chain performance. In doing so, it goes beyond the initial hype around blockchain technology while countering some of the more recent critiques.
Gamification and e-learning adoption: a sequential mediation analysis of flow and engagement
Authors: Gupta Saurabh , Priyanka Priyanka 
Published: September 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of gamification on students’ e-learning adoption. In addition, this paper examines the effect of two mediations, that is, flow and engagement between gamification and e-learning adoption by using sequential mediation analysis.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors used the online survey method to collect the 570 responses through convenience sampling procedure. Sequential mediation analysis technique was used to test the mediation hypothesis.

Findings
The findings of this paper revealed that gamification elements are an important feature of flow, engagement in e-learning adoption process. Also, the paper found that engagement in the learning process is a key element for students to adopt e-learning.

Research limitations/implications
This paper makes its contribution to the literature related to gamification and e-learning adoption. The paper signifies the importance of gamification as an educational application in e-learning environment and its contribution in designing an interactive learning environment.

Originality/value
Empirically, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is the first paper to examine the sequential mediation model of gamification in the education sector in a developing nation like India. Furthermore, this paper also extends engagement and flow theory related to e-learning process by showing how students’ engagement and flow impact the e-learning adoption in the gamified environment.
Density‐dependence produces spurious relationships among demographic parameters in a harvested species
Authors: Riecke Thomas V. , Lohman Madeleine G. , Sedinger Benjamin S. , Arnold Todd W. , Feldheim Cliff L. , Koons David N. , Rohwer Frank C. , Schaub Michael , Williams Perry J. , Sedinger James S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Harvest of wild organisms is an important component of human culture, economy, and recreation, but can also put species at risk of extinction. Decisions that guide successful management actions therefore rely on the ability of researchers to link changes in demographic processes to the anthropogenic actions or environmental changes that underlie variation in demographic parameters.

Ecologists often use population models or maximum sustained yield curves to estimate the impacts of harvest on wildlife and fish populations. Applications of these models usually focus exclusively on the impact of harvest and often fail to consider adequately other potential, often collinear, mechanistic drivers of the observed relationships between harvest and demographic rates. In this study, we used an integrated population model and long‐term data (1973–2016) to examine the relationships among hunting and natural mortality, the number of hunters, habitat conditions, and population size of blue‐winged teal Spatula discors, an abundant North American dabbling duck with a relatively fast‐paced life history strategy.

Over the last two and a half decades of the study, teal abundance tripled, hunting mortality probability increased slightly (), and natural mortality probability increased substantially () at greater population densities. We demonstrate strong density‐dependent effects on natural mortality and fecundity as population density increased, indicative of compensatory harvest mortality and compensatory natality. Critically, an analysis that only assessed the relationship between survival and hunting mortality would spuriously indicate depensatory mortality due to multicollinearity between abundance, natural mortality and hunting mortality.

Our findings demonstrate that models that only consider the direct effect of hunting on survival or natural mortality can fail to accurately assess the mechanistic impact of hunting on population dynamics due to multicollinearity among demographic drivers. This multicollinearity limits inference and may have strong impacts on applied management actions globally.
Public Debt: What Measures Should We Use? A Case Study of Public Debt in Mid‐ and Post‐pandemic Australia and Its Economic, Policy and Social Consequences
Authors: Zwalf Sebastian , Scott Robin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic saw governments around the world suddenly accumulate substantially higher levels of public debt. We consider the level of debt entered into by Australia's federal, state and territory governments and compare this against three metrics for debt sustainability. Using these measures, we find that current and future public debt levels sit within what is regarded as sustainable by scholarly and practitioner opinion. However, we note that recent increases in interest rates will challenge this. We conclude by outlining a range of economic, social and policy challenges arising from the new high public debt environment.
Effects of the Children's Health Insurance Reauthorization Act on immigrant children's healthcare access
Authors: Chu Jun , Roby Dylan H. , Boudreaux Michel H. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the effects of Children's Health Insurance Reauthorization Act (CHIPRA), a policy that provided states the option to extend Medicaid/CHIP eligibility to immigrant children who have not been legal residents for five years or more, on insurance coverage, access, utilization, and health outcomes among immigrant children.Data SourcesRestricted use 2000–2016 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS).Study DesignWe used a difference‐in‐differences design that compared changes in CHIPRA expansion states to changes in non‐expansion states.Data CollectionOur sample included immigrant children who were born outside the US, aged 0–18 with family income below 300% of the Federal Poverty Level (FPL). Subgroup analyses were conducted across states that did and did not have a similar state‐funded option prior to CHIPRA (state‐funded vs. not state‐funded), by the length of time in the US (5 years vs. 5–14 years), and global region of birth (Latin American vs. Asian countries).Principle FindingsWe found that CHIPRA was associated with a significant 6.35 percentage point decrease in uninsured rates (95% CI: −11.25, −1.45) and an 8.1 percentage point increase in public insurance enrollment for immigrant children (95% CI: 1.26, 14.98). However, the effects of CHIPRA became small and statistically not significant 3 years after adoption. Effects on public insurance coverage were significant in states without state‐funded programs prior to CHIPRA (15.50 percentage points; 95% CI:8.05, 22.95) and for children born in Asian countries (12.80 percentage points; 95% CI: 1.04, 24.56). We found no significant changes in health care access and utilization, and health outcomes, overall and across subgroups due to CHIPRA.ConclusionsCHIPRA's eligibility expansion was associated with increases in public insurance coverage for low‐income children, especially in states where CHIPRA represented a new source of coverage versus a substitute for state‐funded coverage. However, we found evidence of crowd‐out in certain subgroups and no effect of CHIPRA on access to care and health. Our results suggest that public coverage may be an important tool for promoting the well‐being of immigrant children but other investments are still needed.