bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A larger brown fat volume and lower radiodensity are related to a greater cardiometabolic risk, especially in young men
Authors: Acosta Francisco M , Sanchez-Delgado Guillermo , Martinez-Tellez Borja , Osuna-Prieto Francisco J , Mendez-Gutierrez Andrea , Aguilera Concepcion M , Gil Angel , Llamas-Elvira Jose M , Ruiz Jonatan R 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is important in the maintenance of cardiometabolic health in rodents. Recent reports appear to suggest the same in humans, although if this is true remains elusive partly because of the methodological bias that affected previous research. This cross-sectional work reports the relationships of cold-induced BAT volume, activity (peak standardized uptake, SUVpeak), and mean radiodensity (an inverse proxy of the triacylglycerols content) with the cardiometabolic and inflammatory profile of 131 young adults, and how these relationships are influenced by sex and body weight.

Design
This is a cross-sectional study.

Methods
Subjects underwent personalized cold exposure for 2 h to activate BAT, followed by static 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET-CT scanning to determine BAT variables. Information on cardiometabolic risk (CMR) and inflammatory markers was gathered, and a CMR score and fatty liver index (FLI) were calculated.

Results
In men, BAT volume was positively related to homocysteine and liver damage markers concentrations (independently of BMI and seasonality) and the FLI (all P ≤ 0.05). In men, BAT mean radiodensity was negatively related to the glucose and insulin concentrations, alanine aminotransferase activity, insulin resistance, total cholesterol/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, the CMR score, and the FLI (all P ≤ 0.02). In women, it was only negatively related to the FLI (P &lt; 0.001). These associations were driven by the results for the overweight and obese subjects. No relationship was seen between BAT and inflammatory markers (P &gt; 0.05).

Conclusions
A larger BAT volume and a lower BAT mean radiodensity are related to a higher CMR, especially in young men, which may support that BAT acts as a compensatory organ in states of metabolic disruption.
Influence of growing season, nitrogen fertilisation and wheat variety on Fusarium infection and mycotoxin production in wheat kernel
Authors: El Chami E. , El Chami J. , Tarnawa Á. , Kassai K.M. , Kende Z. , Jolánkai M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Fusarium spp. are phytopathogens causing fusarium head blight in wheat. They produce mycotoxins, mainly fumonisins, deoxynivalenol, and zearalenone. The study was conducted during two growing seasons (2020 and 2021) at the experimental field and laboratories of the Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences (MATE). The aim of the study was to determine the influence of growing season, nitrogen fertilisation, and wheat variety on Fusarium infection and mycotoxin production in wheat kernel. Zearalenone was not detected during the two growing seasons and deoxynivalenol was only detected in 2020. The results indicate that nitrogen fertilisation and wheat variety did not have statistically significant influence on Fusarium infection and mycotoxin production. The growing season had statistically significant influence on Fusarium infection and fumonisins production due to higher rainfall in 2021 compared to 2020 during the flowering period when the wheat spike is the most vulnerable to Fusarium infection.
Two novel titanium alloys for medical applications: Thermo-mechanical treatment, mechanical properties, and fracture analysis
Authors: Haase Fabian , Siemers Carsten , Rösler Joachim 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTitanium alloys are ideally suited for use in implant or osteosynthesis applications due to their good mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. In terms of higher strength applications, Ti–6Al–4V and Ti–6Al–7Nb are frequently used. However, both alloys contain the alloying elements aluminum and, in the former case, vanadium, which could have toxic effects on the human body. Therefore, in the present study, two novel, medium- to high-strength titanium alloys, Ti–0.44O–0.5Fe–0.08C–0.4Si–0.1Au and Ti–0.44O–0.5Fe–0.08C–2.0Mo, have been developed on the basis of CP-Titanium Grade 4. They only contain alloying elements, which are either already present in the human body or which are biocompatible. Dedicated thermo-mechanical treatments were developed for both alloys and the resulting mechanical properties were evaluated by tensile and (partly) fatigue tests with subsequent fracture surface analysis. Results reveal that these new alloys show excellent mechanical properties and, therefore, might be a possible alternative for Ti–6Al–4V for use in medical applications.
Graphical abstract
On the Potential of Rapid Moment Magnitude Estimation for Strong Earthquakes in Sichuan–Yunnan Region, China, Using Real-Time CMONOC GNSS Observations
Authors: Wei Guoguang , Chen Kejie , Zou Rong , Song Jindong , Li Yu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
High-rate (≥1 Hz) real-time Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) data have been now incorporated into earthquake early warning systems where dense GNSS network exists, like the United States west coast, Japan, and so on. In this manuscript, we exploit the potential of rapid moment magnitude (Mw) estimation in Sichuan–Yunnan region using GNSS records from Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC) for seven magnitude (M) ≥ 6 events from 2011 to 2020. We find that currently it is still quite challenging to get reliable Mw using the peak ground displacement or peak ground velocity approach, which is caused by the sparse stations and probably the inaccurate scaling law itself. By contrast, the Mw estimations from focal mechanism grid search are all consistent with Global Centroid Moment Tensor catalog, even by one station. Considering the CMONOC network is going to be densified in the coming decade, it is expected that high-rate GNSS waveforms will play a more important role in fast postevent response.
Geographic Differences in Reaching Selected National HIV Strategic Targets Among People With Diagnosed HIV: 16 US States and Puerto Rico, 2017–2020
Authors: Dasgupta Sharoda , Tie Yunfeng , Beer Linda , Lyons Shacara Johnson , Shouse R. Luke , Harris Norma 
Published: June 2022

Objectives. To assess geographic differences in reaching national targets for viral suppression, homelessness, and HIV-related stigma among people with HIV and key factors associated with these targets. Methods. We used data from the Medical Monitoring Project (2017–2020) and the National HIV Surveillance System (2019) to report estimates nationally and for 17 US jurisdictions. Results. Viral suppression (range = 55.3%–74.7%) and estimates for homelessness (range = 3.6%–11.9%) and HIV-related stigma (range for median score = 27.5–34.4) varied widely by jurisdiction. No jurisdiction met any of the national 2025 targets, except for Puerto Rico, which exceeded the target for homelessness (3.6% vs 4.6%). Viral suppression and antiretroviral therapy dose adherence were lowest, and certain social determinants of health (i.e., housing instability, HIV-related stigma, and HIV health care discrimination) were highest in Midwestern states. Conclusions. Jurisdictions have room for improvement in reaching the national 2025 targets for ending the HIV epidemic and in addressing other measures associated with adverse HIV outcomes—especially in the Midwest. Working with local partners will help jurisdictions determine a tailored approach for addressing barriers to meeting national targets. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(7):1059–1067. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306843 )
Unearthing Underground Mining–Induced Strata Disturbance by Electrical Resistivity Tomography Interpretation
Authors: Prakash Amar , Bharti Abhay Kumar , Verma Aniket 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
The focus of the study was to evaluate the rock strata transformation above an underground mine panel during pre-and-post mining based on an electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) geophysical technique. The data were acquired using two electrode arrays (i.e., pole-dipole and Wenner-Schlumberger [WS]) with electrode spacing of 6 m up to 570 m in length. The resistivity data were digitally processed through RES2DINV software. The formation of fractured rock in the overburden caused by underground mining operations was clearly distinguished by resistivity anomalies observed using the pole-dipole array. Variation in the hydrogeological condition in the strata was also assessed during the pre-and-post mining conditions. The impact of compression and tension generated in the strata as a result of extraction of coal and subsidence in the overburden rock was observed through prominent resistivity variations observed in an inversion modelling of the WS true resistivity profile. The influence of surface topography in the near surface top weathered rock was also distinctly outlined by the resistivity measurements. ERT is a strong tool capable of providing valuable information regarding strata deformation caused by mining.
An Efficient Video Indexing and Retrieval using Feature Fusion and Naïve Bayes Classifier
Authors: N Gayathri , K Mahesh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
User query towards a cluster/group of video to retrieve videos automatically from available user dataset plays a significant role in developing multimedia technologies. Analyzing video for retrieval with essential features is considered as prior work. Here, input videos are viewed from UCF youtube action data for analysis. Then, foreground segmentation is performed to discover numerous small subset objects as every subset should specify the foreground video class. The segmented region is given for feature extraction. This work considers four different techniques for extracting features, namely chromatic moment, blur, color diversity, and reflection features. The extracted features are fused using Principle Component Analysis to eliminate the high dimensionality features as it may influences classification accuracy. The feature vectors are considered for combining the elements all together. Finally, classification is done with the Naïve Bayes classifier. The training and testing are performed with various combinations of data with 30:70, 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, 70:30, and 80:20, respectively. The efficiency of video retrieval is measured with metrics like accuracy, precision, recall, and F-measure. The proposed model is compared with the in-depth learning approach, where the anticipated model shows better results than that of the existing plan.
Impact of Codified Knowledge Index on the Allocation of Overseas Inventors by Emerging Countries--Evidence from PCT Patent Activities in China
Authors: Zhou Hao , Lin Jie 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Based on the backward citation information of patents and the geographical information of inventors, this paper constructed an overlap index of highly-cited patent technologies between 31 provinces in mainland China and 49 foreign countries (or regions) with active PCT patent inventors (1998-2017), in order to depict the bilateral codified knowledge index connection, and then, investigated its impact on the scale of allocation of overseas inventors by Chinese patent activities. According to the results, the codified knowledge index significantly increased the scale of overseas patent inventors imported to China, that is, for every 1,000 patents added in the technological overlap of highly-cited patents, the number of local inventors introduced from foreign countries (or regions) to local high-quality patent activities in China increased by 14, and this effect is mainly concentrated in the active innovation areas around the world. Further study showed that the impact of the bilateral tacit knowledge connection on the allocation of overseas inventors with the codified knowledge index was substitutive, and this substitutability decreased with the improved quality of innovation activities.JEL CLASSIFICATION: F43, O15, O32, O53
Implantable collamer lens implantation (ICL) versus small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) in low to moderate myopia: study protocol for a randomized, non-inferiority trial
Authors: Li Kangjun , Wang Zheng , Wang Ming X 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Implantable collamer lens implantation (ICL) is a form of ‘foldable’ posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens refractive surgery that generally does not impair cornea and natural accommodation. The potential advantages of the ICL over keratorefractive laser procedures include less induction of higher order aberrations (HOAs) and enhanced retinal image magnification. On the other hand, Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE), currently, one of the most popular refractive surgery procedures, also offers excellent visual outcomes, particularly for eyes with low to moderate amount of myopia. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether ICL/TICL (toric ICL) is comparable to SMILE for low to moderate myopia in terms of refractive outcomes at 3 and 18 months post-operatively.
Methods/Design:
This is a prospective randomized study. A total of 300 participants will be randomized into two groups, ICL/TICL group and SMILE group. Eligible participants with spherical equivalent (SE) less than − 6.0 diopter(D) will be recruited. Following randomization, participants will be followed at 1, 3, 6, 12 and 18 months. The primary outcome is the refractive predictability at every postoperative point after surgery, which is the proportion of the number of eyes achieving a postoperative SE within ± 0.5 D and ± 1.0 D of the intended target. Secondary outcome parameters include visual acuity, refraction, adverse events and quality of vision measurements.
Discussion
This trial will provide information on whether ICL has comparable, if not superior, refractive outcomes compared to the established SMILE for low to moderate myopia, thus providing evidence for translation into clinical practice.
Trial registration:
Chinese clinical trial registry (ChiCTR) 2200055372.
Mapping, quantifying and comparing seascape heterogeneity of Southwest Indian Ridge seamounts
Authors: Swanborn Denise J.B. , Huvenne Veerle A.I. , Pittman Simon J. , Rogers Alex D. , Taylor Michelle L. , Woodall Lucy C. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
ContextSeamounts are abundant geomorphological features creating seabed spatial heterogeneity, a main driver of deep-sea biodiversity. Despite its ecological importance, substantial knowledge gaps exist on the character of seamount spatial heterogeneity. ObjectivesThis study aimed to map, quantify and compare seamount seascapes to test whether individual habitats and seamounts differ in geomorphological structuring, and to identify spatial pattern metrics useful to discriminate between habitats and seamounts.MethodsWe mapped and classified geomorphological habitat using bathymetric data collected at five Southwest Indian Ridge seamounts. Spatial pattern metrics from landscape ecology are applied to quantify and compare seascape heterogeneity in composition and configuration represented in resulting habitat maps. ResultsWhilst part of the same regional geological feature, seamounts differed in seascape composition and configuration. Five geomorphological habitat types occurred across sites, which within seamounts differed in patch area, shape and clustering, with ridge habitat most dissimilar. Across seamounts, the spatial distribution of patches differed in number, shape, habitat aggregation and intermixing, and outcomes were used to score seamounts on a gradient from low to high spatial heterogeneity. ConclusionsAlthough seamounts have been conceptualised as similar habitats, this study revealed quantitative differences in seascape spatial heterogeneity. As variations in relative proportion and spatial relationships of habitats within seamounts may influence ecological functioning, the proposed quantitative approach help generate insights into within-seamount characteristics and seamount types relevant for representational ecosystem-based management. Further research into biodiversity associations with seascape composition and configuration at relevant spatial scales will help improve metric ecological interpretation.
Rapid reverse genetics systems for N. furzeri, a suitable model organism to study vertebrate aging
Authors: Oginuma Masayuki , Nishida Moana , Ohmura-Adachi Tomomi , Abe Kota , Ogamino Shohei , Mogi Chihiro , Matsui Hideaki , Ishitani Tohru 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The African turquoise killifish (N. furzeri) is a useful model organism for studying aging, age-related diseases, and embryonic diapause. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene knockout and Tol2 transposon-mediated transgenesis in N. furzeri have been reported previously. However, these methods take time to generate knockout and transgenic fish. In addition, knock-in technology that inserts large DNA fragments as fluorescent reporter constructs into the target gene in N. furzeri has not yet been established. Here, we show that triple-target CRISPR-mediated single gene disruption efficiently produces whole-body biallelic knockout and enables the examination of gene function in the F0 generation. In addition, we developed a method for creating the knock-in reporter N. furzeri without crossing by optimizing the CRISPR/Cas9 system. These methods drastically reduce the experimental duration and we think that these will accelerate aging and developmental studies using N. furzeri.
The use of information and communication technology between emergency medical teams in emergency situations: A systematic review
Authors: Alshehri Badryah , Alshehri badryah , Gormley Kevin , McCutcheon Karen , Prue Gillian 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Following an emergency incident, critically injured patients are often treated by multiple healthcare professionals from Emergency Medical Teams (EMTs) over a short period of time. The process of transportation from the site of an incident to definitive health care therefore depends on coordination and information-sharing which is reliant on the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT). ICT is essential to ensure the necessary organizational responses to emergency situations by facilitating information-sharing, sustained coordination and collaboration to protect and save the injured. This literature review provides a broad overview which can facilitate an understanding of the experiences between EMTs in emergencies using ICT by systematically finding, reviewing, assessing and synthesizing current evidence. A systematic search guided by PRISMA was performed using relevant electronic databases and manual searches. Studies were limited to original research and only articles published between 2009 and 2021 were included. This review highlights that only a limited number of publications reported ICT use between EMTs in different emergencies in a single study. Fifteen papers were found which reported the experience of coordination and communication using ICT between EMTs in emergency situations in different countries. The findings of these papers indicate that although communication systems during an emergency are crucial, poor quality telecommunications infrastructure affected by difficult weather conditions often led to communication failures between respondents. The majority of these studies highlighted that the use of mobile phones is preferred over other systems due to their multi-functionality. Some of the studies reported issues in coordination between EMTs in which the limited information shared between EMTs affected their preparedness. Furthermore, the review shows that disaster simulation exercises between EMTs are insufficient and require improvement. Future research needs to include the perspectives of emergency operations centre staff along with nurses, physicians and paramedics in a single study to comprehensively explore the EMT response in emergency situations.
Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue Dye With Phyto-enhanced Zinc Oxide Doped With Nitrogen
Authors: Nnodim Uche Jude , Akpan Uduak , Adogwa Alexander Abu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The removal of organic pollutants from wastewater through chemical techniques has become imperative for the preservation of the ecosystem due to the non-biodegradability of organic pollutants. In this study, phyto-enhanced Zinc oxide (ZnO) was prepared from an aqueous solution of Zinc nitrate hexahydrate and Papaya leaf extracts. Preliminary degradation of MB dye with phyto-enhanced ZnO of different compositions for the dopant (nitrogen) revealed that phyto-enhanced ZnO doped with 5wt% Urea had superior photocatalytic capabilities than pure ZnO, 10wt% Urea and 2wt% Urea doping. The effects of solution pH, 5wt%Urea, N-ZnO dosage and initial solution concentration on MB dye on degradation were studied, and optimum percentage degradation of 83% and 97.5% were observed for pure ZnO and 5wt%UreaN-ZnO at solution pH of 9.0, initial concentration of 10 mg/L and photocatalyst dosage of 100 mg. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize the catalyst. The BET result revealed surface area of 113.3cm2/g for the 5wt% Urea N-ZnO which was five times the surface area pure ZnO. The shift in the XRD pattern for 5wt% Urea N-ZnO affirmed the presence of dopants in the crystalline structure of ZnO. The average crystallite sizes of pure ZnO and 5wt% N-ZnO were 34.7nm and 24.8nm, respectively. The findings from this research revealed green synthesis and doping improves the degradation ability of ZnO, which often leads to increased efficiency of wastewater treatment processes/systems.
Analyzing the spatio-temporal carbon change mechanism -- A land-based carbon flow network (CFN) for cities
Authors: Cui Xuezhu , Li Shaoying 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
High carbon emissions played significant role in global climate change, which made cities with rapid urbanization responsible for local carbon mitigation. In this study, a land-based CFN framework was established by taking 15 land use types as different network nodes. It engaged in exploring the spatio-temporal patterns of the carbon change from a land use perspective, which was followed by the analysis of network utilities to reveal the complex carbon change mechanism. By taking Guangzhou city as an empirical study, the established framework was tested, which showed that the high-level carbon emission patches were found extended from the city center to the city limits with diminished size from 2000 to 2015. Transitions that increased/reduced carbon emissions were detected and revealed the different carbon change mechanism in three time-spans. Exploitation was found significantly contributed to the carbon emissions in 2000–2005 and fell over time. In the built-up area, the dominant carbon relationship has changed from exploitation to mutualism with enlarged carbon emissions. Competition was found continuously increased throughout the study period with favorable mutual restriction effects on carbon emissions, which provided valuable insight for the carbon mitigation through urban planning.