bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
РОЛЬ СИНДРОМА «СУХОГО» ГЛАЗА ПРИ ПАТОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ СОСТОЯНИЯХ ОРГАНА ЗРЕНИЯ
Authors: Rykov S. O. , Shargorodska I. V. , Gurska D. D. , Liemiemieva A. A. , Yakovets A. I. 
Published: January 2022

Представлен анализ изучения роли синдрома «сухого» глаза при патологических состояниях органа зрения. Для анализа были исследованы 30 пациентов (60 глаз) с синдромом «сухого» глаза различной степени тяжести. В зависимости от сопутствующей офтальмологической патологии все пациенты были разделены на 3 группы. Помимо комплексного офтальмологического обследования в динамике, анализа изменений субъективных ощущений, показателей слезопродукции, стабильности слезной пленки проводили цитологическое исследование бульбарной конъюнктивы. В зависимости от тяжести ССГ всем пациентам была рекомендована патогенетически обоснованная слезозаместительная терапия.Исследования подтвердили факт главенствующих позиций нарушения липидного слоя слезной пленки в патогенезе синдрома «сухого» глаза. В результате проведенного исследования выявлена корреляция степени проявления признаков воспаления поверхности глаза, показателей слезопродукции, стабильности слезной пленки, клинических проявлений и субъективных жалоб. Результаты имрессионной цитологии подтвердили факт нарушения местного клеточного иммунитета у пациентов с ССГ. При цитологическом исследовании отпечатков конъюнктивы у пациентов I, II и III групп отмечались изменения гистоцитарных элементов, свидетельствующие в пользу воспалительного процесса, особенно эти изменения проявлялись у пациентов II группы, которые, кроме ССГ, имели первичную открытоугольную глаукому.В результате базисной слезозаместительной терапии, которая содержала препарат на основе натрия гиалуроната, был отмечен положительный эффект назначенного лечения.Обоснована необходимость проведения дальнейших исследований с целью выявления долевого участия факторов воспаления глазной поверхности в патогенезе развития синдрома «сухого» глаза и других патологических состояний.
ВОСПАЛИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ ПОВЕРХНОСТИ ГЛАЗА: СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ДИАГНОСТИКИ И ЛЕЧЕНИЯ
Authors: Rykov S. A. , Shargorodska I. V. , Gurska D. D. , Liemiemieva A.A. , Nikolayshuk N. S. , Vaduk L. I. , Belyaeva О. А. 
Published: January 2022

Представлен анализ изучения современных возможностей диагностики и лечения воспалительных заболеваний поверхности глаза (ВЗПГ). Обследовано 80 глаз (40 пациентов) с синдромом «сухого глаза» (ССГ) и аллергическими конъюнктивитами. В зависимости от схемы патогенетически обоснованной слезозаместительной терапии пациенты были разделены на 3 группы. Всем пациентам проводилось комплексное офтальмологическое обследование в динамике, а также анализ осмолярности слезной жидкости, анкетирование с оценкой жалоб по 4-х балльной шкале и диагностические пробы: тест Ширмера, проба Норна, флюресцеиновый и LIPKOF тесты. Состояние эпителия роговицы и конъюнктивы оценивали методом импрессионной цитологии (по стандартной методике) с использованием миллипоровых фильтров. Для изучения гуморальных звеньев местного иммунитета исследовали содержание иммуноглобулинов в слезе иммуноферментным методом.Результаты исследования подтверждают факт главенствующих позиций нарушения липидного слоя слезной пленки в патогенезе ССГ. Проведена оценка эффективности применения слезозаменителей (препарата Ай-ти Эктоин 0,5% и Ай-ти Эктоин Про 2% глазные капли). Установлено: препараты Ай-ти Эктоин 0,5% и Ай-ти Эктоин 2,0% восстанавливают слезную пленку, увеличивая гидратацию поверхности, стабилизируют липидный слой слезной пленки и снижают осмолярность слезной жидкости. Препарат Ай-ти Эктоин 2,0% улучшает показатели клеточного и гуморального звена местного иммунитета, стабилизирует клеточную мембрану и снижает степень воспаления, стимулирует репаративные процессы роговицы и конъюнктивы.Обоснована необходимость обязательной оценки состояния эпителия конъюнктивы и роговицы, фактора осмолярности слезной жидкости при лечении пациентов с ВЗПГ.
СОВРЕМЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ ПРОНИКАЮЩИХ РАНЕНИЙ ГЛАЗ С ВОВЛЕЧЕНИЕМ ЗОНЫ ЛИМБА
Authors: Petrenko O.V. , Bondar N.I. 
Published: January 2022

Анализ данных литературы показал, что проникающие ранения глаза с вовлечением зоны лимба являются тяжелой формой патологии, обусловленной повреждением сложных анатомических структур (угол передней камеры, цилиарное тело, зона расположения стволовых клеток роговичного фенотипа), что, в ряде случаев, приводит к формированию грубых васкуляризированных рубцов.В связи с тяжестью данного вида проникающих ранений, а также неудовлетворенностью оптического исхода, на сегодняшний день остается актуальным вопрос усовершенствования первичной хирургической обработки проникающих ранений глаза с вовлечением зоны лимба.Существенным фактором, заставившим по-новому посмотреть на эту проблему, явилось открытие стволовых клеток роговичного фенотипа, расположенных в самой периферической зоне роговицы, то есть в области лимба.Изучение литературы показало, что усовершенствование тактики хирургического лечения проникающих ранений с вовлечением зоны лимба далеко себя не исчерпало и не является оптимальным, поэтому требует дальнейшего изучения и совершенствования. Перспективным в вопросе лечения данной патологии является разработка усовершенствованной техники ПХО с применением аутолимбальной трансплантации наложения швов на проникающую рану зоны лимба с применением роговично-конъюнктивального трансплантата.
Detection of eating problems and their relationship with eating habits in adolescents / Detección de problemas alimentarios y su relación con hábitos alimentarios en adolescentes
Authors: Guerrero-Cuevas Belén , Valero-Aguayo Luis , Solano-Martínez Diego , Priore-Molero Claudio , Perea-Barba Adrián , Afán de Rivera María De los Ángeles 
Published: January 2022

Se ha realizado un estudio de detección de trastornos alimentarios en adolescentes, estudiando su posible relación con los hábitos alimentarios en los colegios. Han participado 3145 alumnos/as (49.7% chicas y 50.3% chicos) de 16 colegios de secundaria, con edades entre 13 y 17 años (media de 14.4 años). Los datos se recopilaron entre 2013 a 2017. Se han registrado distintas variables sociodemográficas, el IMC y los cuestionarios EAT-40 y BSQ. También se registró el tipo de ingesta en el desayuno y en el recreo de todos los alumnos/as el día de la evaluación. En los resultados aparecen diferencias significativas en el EAT-40 y BSQ, donde siempre hay mayor proporción de chicas que superan el punto de corte. Respecto al IMC, un 17.7% tiene peso insuficiente, un 20.3% con sobrepeso y un 7.0% con obesidad, y también con diferencias entre chicos y chicas, pues estas presentan un IMC mayor. A partir de todos los datos, podría considerarse que hay un porcentaje de 5.6% de participantes con posibles trastornos de conducta alimentaria, en mayor proporción en mujeres (9.6%) que en hombres (1.8%), porcentajes que han ido descendiendo a lo largo de los años. No hay correlación con los hábitos alimentarios, pero hay mayor proporción de chicas que toman menos comidas y bebidas durante el desayuno y el recreo. Un dato alarmante es que un 5.6% de las chicas y un 2.5% de los chicos no desayunan absolutamente nada durante toda la mañana escolar.
Las formas de propiedad de los medios de comunicación. Estado de la cuestión
Authors: Gallego Ramos José Raúl 
Published: January 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es presentar un estado de la cuestión sobre las distintas modalidades de propiedad mediática reconocidas en la literatura científica. A raíz de los procesos de concentración de medios que se han experimentado en las últimas décadas y el surgimiento de leyes que regulan este aspecto, el estudio de las formas de propiedad mediática se ha convertido en un tema de importancia para el campo de la comunicación por la influencia de la propiedad en la calidad del periodismo y la democracia. Sin embargo, muchas investigaciones adolecen de indefinición teórica, escasa problematización de la categoría, colisiones terminológicas y no abundan los trabajos dedicados a compendiar y sistematizar las diferentes modalidades de propiedad mediática que existen en la actualidad. La metodología empleada para construir el estado de la cuestión que aquí se presenta fue la revisión bibliográfico-documental. El análisis de investigaciones generadas en diferentes áreas del campo de la comunicación, posibilitó identificar y recuperar los rasgos básicos de las formas de propiedad mediática caracterizadas en este artículo. De ahí que el principal valor de este estudio radica en reunir, sistematizar y caracterizar, a partir de seis dimensiones estandarizadas, las nueve principales formas de propiedad bajo las que operan los medios de comunicación: privada individual, privada colectiva, fundaciones sin fines de lucro, cooperativa, organizaciones mediáticas no lucrativas, comunitaria, de organizaciones políticas y la sociedad civil, pública y estatal.
Political Culture in the Baltic States: Between National and European Integration
Authors: Linde Jonas 
Published: January 2022

Political Culture in the Baltic States: Between National and European Integration är en gedigen studie av demokratins ställning i de baltiska staterna och den kritiska roll som etniska skiljelinjer kan ha i demokratiseringprocesser. Den har mycket att erbjuda både områdesspecialister och läsare med ett mer allmänt intresse för demokrati och politisk kultur.
Political Culture in the Baltic States: Between National and European Integration is a thorough study of the situation of democracy in the Baltic states, and the critical role of ethnic cleavages in processes of democratization. It has much to offer to area specialists as well as to readers more generally interested in democracy and political culture.
Pollution and Atmosphere in Post-Soviet Russia: The Arctic and the Environment
Authors: Nilsen Thomas 
Published: January 2022

Mens journalister har lett for å ty til adjektiver for å beskrive et økologisk katastrofeområde, er det vanskeligere å se og formidle årsakssammenhenger. Hvorfor fikk ikke sovjetiske, senere russiske, myndigheter i samarbeid med sine nordiske naboland stanset de grenseoverskridende svovelskyene fra østsiden av Pasvikelven? Det er disse spørsmålene Lars Rowe på en systematisk og beundringsverdig godt dokumentert måte gir svar på i boken Pollution and Atmosphere in Post-Soviet Russia: The Arctic and the Environment.
Journalists easily find adjectives to describe environmental catastrophes; it is more difficult, however, to ascertain and convey their causes. Why, for example, didn’t Soviet, and later Russian, authorities collaborate with Nordic neighbors and manage to put a stop to the sulphur clouds emanating from the eastern side of the Pasvik River? Lars Rowe looks at this question in a systematic and admirably well-documented way and provides answers in his book, Pollution and Atmosphere in Post-Soviet Russia: The Arctic and the Environment.
STUDI KEBUTUHAN NYATA AIR BERSIH PER KAPITA PADA KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Sinia Ria Oktaviani , Susilo Gatot Eko 
Published: January 2022

Sebagaimana telah diketahui bahwa seiring dengan bertambahnya jumlah penduduk, maka jumlah kebutuhan akan air bersih yang harus terpenuhi juga besar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk : (1) menyelidiki besaran jumlah kebutuhan air bersih per kapita di Kota Bandar Lampung; (2) mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kebutuhan air bersih di Kota Bandar Lampung; (3) menghitung jumlah biaya konsumsi air bersih; (4) Melakukan perbandingan hasil penelitian mengenai besaran kebutuhan air bersih dengan penelitian yang telah dilakukan sebelumnya, baik itu penelitian di negara Indonesia maupun penelitian yang berasal dari negara lain. Penelitian ini mengambil lokasi di wilayah Kota Bandar Lampung yang secara administrasi memiliki 20 kecamatan dan 126 kelurahan. Pengumpulan data kebutuhan air bersih dilakukan dengan penyebaran kuesioner pada 126 rumah tangga secara acak. Berdasar pada hasil penelitian, dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa: (1) Jumlah kebutuhan air bersih per kapita Kota Bandar Lampung adalah 130,44 ltr/org/hr. (2) Besaran jumlah kebutuhan air bersih pada Kota Bandar Lampung dipengaruhi beberapa hal sebagai berikut, yakni: jumlah anggota keluarga, status pendidikan, jenis pekerjaan, jumlah kepemilikan kendaraan, dan kemudahan mendapatkan air. (3) Biaya yang dibayarkan setiap bulannya untuk pemenuhan kebutuhan air bersih pada Kota Bandar Lampung berkisar antara Rp.127.267,00 sampai dengan Rp.187.449, 00. (4) Hasil yang didapat pada penelitian ini jauh berbeda dengan hasil pada penelitian Kindler and Russel (1984) yang menyatakan bahwa penggunaan air rata-rata untuk rumah tangga adalah sebesar 295 ltr/org/hr, namun hasil yang didapat pada penelitian ini mendekati Kriteria Perencanaan oleh Direktorat Jenderal Cipta Karya, Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Tahun 1996, yang menyatakan bahwa pada Kota Besar yang memiliki penduduk berkisar antara 500.000 jiwa – 1.000.000 jiwa, kebutuhan air domestiknya adalah 120– 150 ltr/org/hr.
Pengaruh Premi, Klaim, dan Hasil Investasi Terhadap Surplus Syariah Underwriting dan Laba Asuransi Syariah Periode 2014-2019
Authors: N A Nur Hikmah , Nofrianto Nofrianto 
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui premi, klaim, dan hasil investasi terhadap surplus underwriting dan laba pada perusahaan asuransi jiwa syariah di Indonesia periode 2014-2019. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah menggunakan data sekunder yakni data dari laporan keuangan perusahaan asuransi jiwa syariah yang konsisten dan terdaftar pada Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) selama tahun 2014-2019. Sampel diambil menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 8 perusahaan asuransi jiwa syariah. Adapun metode analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi data panel dan path analysis dengan menggunakan program Eviews 9.0. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa premi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap surplus underwriting sedangkan klaim dan hasil investasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap surplus underwriting. Adapun variabel laba tidak memediasi pengaruh antara premi, klaim dan hasil investasi terhadap surplus hasil underwritting karena diketahui bahwa premi, klaim dan hasil investasi tidak signifikan terhadap laba, dan variabel laba signifikan terhadap surplus hasil underwriting.
Effect of biofertilizer on growth and metaxylem diameter of Amaranthus tricolor L. in salinity stress condition
Authors: Riesty Okky Shavira , Siswanti Dwi Umi 
Published: January 2022

Throughout history, agricultural sector in Indonesia has faced a shortage of land. As a result, we must take use of land that is still available, even if the conditions are unsuitable for plant growth, one of which is salinity-stressed land. Amaranth is a frequently cultivated plant in Indonesia (Amaranthus tricolor L.). This vegetable plant is commonly consumed as food due to its nutritional content and numerous health benefits. To cultivate amaranth on salinity-stressed land, additional nutrients are required to ensure that the plants continue to thrive. One of them is the provision of biofertilizers, a type of organic fertilizer that contains beneficial bacteria for plant growth. This study aimed to determinate the effect of biofertilizer application on the growth and diameter of the stem metaxylem of amaranth plants growing in a salinity-stressed environment. As a salinity stress treatment, NaCl was applied at doses of 0, 2500, 5000, 7500, and 10000 ppm. The diameter of the metaxylem was determined by making fresh preparations across amaranth stems. The biofertilizer application does not affect the height and number of leaves of the plant. However, as the dose of biofertilizer was increased, the value of the metaxylem diameter of the stem increased.
Effect of Kombucha Tea on Total Cholesterol Decreasing Levels in White Rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Halid Zulkifli , Sulaiman Sulaiman , Irhamna Rifka 
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the type of content of 75% kombucha tea that is fermented for 12 days, there are black tea, green tea, and the packaged tea. Fifteen Rattus norvegicus was randomized divided into 5 groups and each group consisted of 3 rats. Group I or the negative control was given aquadest, group II was given kombucha packaged tea, group III was given black tea kombucha, and group IV was given green tea kombucha. Group V as a positive control was given simvastatin. All groups were injected with the samples solution orally. Evaluation of effects was carried out by observed the cholesterol total level before and after treatment. The results showed that all kombucha tea can reduced the total cholesterol level on rats (Rattus norvegicus). Conclusion: Data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by Duncan test with 95% confidence level using SPSS 20.0 software, results showed that black tea kombucha 1.8 mL of 75% concentration has an optimal reduced total cholesterol levels in rats (Rattus norvegicus).
ATR-FTIR Method for Detection of Cassava Impurities in Indonesian Commercial White Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Based on Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Asnawi Aiyi , Fitriani Ajeng , Febrina Ellin , Emawati Emma 
Published: January 2022

White pepper (Piper nigrum L.) is one of the most popular flavourings targeted for adulteration, i.e., cassava, resulting in quality loss and infringement on consumer rights and interests. Because it is easy and quick cleanup, minimal sample preparation, and excellent performance with strongly or thickly absorbed samples, the Attenuated Total Reflection-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) spectrum signal is widely used to measure commercial herbal products. Manipulation of the spectrum signal can be used to quantify a sample as well as reduce its dimensionality. As a result, there is a lot of interest in developing methods for detecting cassava in commercial white pepper (Piper nigrum L.). The aim of the research was to get an ATR-FTIR spectroscopic technique combined with chemometrics to detect cassava as an adulterant in commercial white pepper (Piper nigrum L.). The chemical profiles of white pepper (Piper nigrum L.) and cassava were compared using principal component analysis (PCA). Bangka, Sudu, and Pontianak were used to collect white pepper (Piper nigrum L.) and cassava. White pepper (Piper nigrum L.) and cassava were macerated in 96 percent ethanol for 3×24 hours before being concentrated with a rotary evaporator until thick. Each extract's IR spectral was measured using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy in the 4000-650 cm-1range. In addition, the IR spectral was clustered using PCA in the R program. To obtain the appropriate PCA model, we applied two IR spectral manipulation procedures (normal and derivative IR spectra) of the pure material. The PCA chosen was of the normal IR spectral type, with PC1 and PC2 values of 82.3 percent and 7.5 percent, respectively.. The projection of three commercial samples from the markets revealed that samples A and B were negative for cassava adulterant, while Sample C was suspected to be positive. Finally, the ATR-FTIR spectroscopic method tandem PCA was successful in clustering the presence or absence of cassava content in the commercial of Indonesian White Pepper
Histopathological Study of Streptozotocin Induced Liver Regeneration of Wistar Mice after Administration of Pumpkin Leaf Ethanol Extract
Authors: Dewi Niluh Puspita , Kawanga Windi Olivia , Lakiu Debora Rislianti 
Published: January 2022

This study aims to prove that the ethanol extract of pumpkin leaf can improve the liver histological structure of Wistar rats streptozotocin and find out the effective dose in regenerating the liver cells of Wistar rats. Wistar rats were divided into six groups so that each group has five replications. The control group was not given the extract, and the treatment group was administered the extract with three doses of 125 mg/kg BW, 150 mg/kg BW, and 175 mg/kg BW which were carried out for three weeks. Rats were then sacrificed and the liver organs were taken for the histopathology preparations with Hematoxylin-Eosin staining (HE). The results showed fatty degeneration and necrosis of the livers. The results of the Mann-Withney test analysis showed that there was a significant difference in liver histopathology scoring from each treatment group. Ethanol extract of pumpkin leaves at a dose of 150 mg/kg BW gave an effect on the regeneration of liver cells of Wistar rats with a damage score of 1.4 and had no effective dose
THE DIFFICULTIES IN TEACHING VOCABULARY FACED BY THE ENGLISH TEACHERS AT MTs MADANI PAO-PAO MAKASSAR
Authors: Ardiyanti S Sulasri , Kamsinah Kamsinah , Nurasik Nurasik , Said Abdul Muis 
Published: January 2022

This research describes the difficulties in teaching vocabulary by the English teachers faced at MTs Madani Pao-Pao Makassar. It is conducted to know the difficulties in teaching vocabulary by the English teacher and also the factors that caused the difficulties in teaching vocabulary at MTs Madani Pao-Pao Makassar. The researcher uses descriptive qualitative to analyse the data. The researcher collects the data through observation and interview. The data are from the interview script. The researcher conducted the data by the English teachers as the subject. The teachers teaching in class 7 at MTs Madani Pao-Pao Makassar. The methods used by the researcher are collecting the data are conducted observation and interviews. The procedure for collecting data analysis is data reduction, data display, conclusion. Based on the class observation and interview, the researcher concludes the difficulties in teaching vocabulary at MTs Madani Pao-Pao Makassar and what are the factors that caused the difficulties for the teachers in teaching vocabulary at MTs Madani Pao-Pao Makassar. Based on the observation and interview, the researcher concluded that the difficulties in teaching vocabulary by the English teacher are classroom management; the teacher’s difficulties in motivating the students; the teaching media is limited (especially textbooks); teacher’s difficulties telling students for memorizing vocabulary. The factors that caused the difficulties in teaching vocabulary are laziness; lack of motivation; lack of vocabulary; students' lack of pronunciation; and students' lack of confident when learning English. The researcher suggested for the teachers to learn how to overcome their problems in the English especially vocabulary of the students, classroom management, and motivate the students for learning English because those were the main factors that affect teachers' difficulties in teaching vocabulary.
INTEGRATING ISLAMIC VALUES INTO THE DEVELOPMENT OF ANNOUNCEMENT AND NOTICE UNIT FOR THE EIGHTH GRADE IN MTs MADANI PAO-PAO
Authors: Zahra Andi , Asmawati Andi , Kamsinah Kamsinah 
Published: January 2022

English material that is used in the school is too general. It is also already not reflecting Islam itself. To maintain students’ identity as Muslim, this paper is aimed to integrate Islamic Values into English material especially in basic competences 3.12 and 4.12 about Announcement and Notice for the eighth-grade students at MTs Madani Pao-Pao based on 2013 curriculum. The research design used in this study was Research and Development (R & D). The development model used was ADDIE model. It consists of need analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The procedures included analyzing materials needed by spreading questionnaire to the students and analyzing the basic competences used, designing a blueprint of materials, and developing the English materials through ADDIE model. In this research, the expert was involved in order to validate the product. There were two systematic aspects the product that they validated: the aspect of the content/material and aspect of learning. Therefore, the result indicated that based on experts’ judgment as well as product development result, the developed basic competences 3.12 and 4.12 was applicable to be taught at the eighth-grade students of Junior High School as topics in English.