bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate change: the missing discourse in the Indian Parliament
Authors: Mundoli Seema , Jacob Zubin , Murali Ranjini , Nagendra Harini 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Parliamentary questions (PQs) are a crucial oversight tool available to parliamentarians in all democracies. In a well-functioning democracy, parliamentary oversight can play an important role in climate change policy, ensuring that climate concerns are represented in national agendas. India is the largest democracy in the world and one of the countries most vulnerable to climate change. Over a 20 year period, from 1999 to 2019, we examine whether parliamentarians used PQs to address climate change issues in India. We asked four questions (a) How often are PQs raised about climate change? (b) Are vulnerable constituency interests being represented in the Parliament? (c) What kinds of questions do parliamentarians ask? and (d) Where do parliamentarians get their information on climate change from? 895 unique PQs related to climate change were raised by 1019 Ministers, forming only a fraction (∼0.3%) of the total PQs asked in parliament during this period, however the number of PQs related to climate change increased over time. PQs were not raised by the states most vulnerable to climate change, nor did they represent the concerns of socially vulnerable groups. The PQs were mostly concerned about the impacts (27.6%) and mitigation (23.4%) of climate change. Impacts on agriculture (38.3%), coastal changes (28.6%), and health (13.4%) were of main interest, along with mitigation issues related to energy (43.6%), agriculture (21.8%), and aviation (9.1%). Despite the significant and growing vulnerability of India to climate change, PQs related to climate change were largely missing. Although they have increased over time, we still find there is substantial room for growth, especially in critical areas of climate justice and adaptation relevant to the Indian context. Raising the level of parliamentary debate on climate change is critical and needs to be foregrounded.
Outside in: the relationship between indoor and outdoor particulate air quality during wildfire smoke events in western US cities
Authors: O’Dell Katelyn , Ford Bonne , Burkhardt Jesse , Magzamen Sheryl , Anenberg Susan C , Bayham Jude , Fischer Emily V , Pierce Jeffrey R 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Previous research on the health and air quality impacts of wildfire smoke has largely focused on the impact of smoke on outdoor air quality; however, many people spend a majority of their time indoors. The quality of indoor air on smoke-impacted days is largely unknown. In this analysis, we use publicly available data from an existing large network of low-cost indoor and outdoor fine particulate matter (PM2.5) monitors to quantify the relationship between indoor and outdoor particulate air quality on smoke-impacted days in 2020 across the western United States (US). We also investigate possible regional and socioeconomic trends in this relationship for regions surrounding six major cities in the western US. We find indoor PM2.5 concentrations are 82% or 4.2 µg m−3 (median across all western US indoor monitors for the year 2020; interquartile range, IQR: 2.0–7.2 µg m−3) higher on smoke-impacted days compared to smoke-free days. Indoor/outdoor PM2.5 ratios show variability by region, particularly on smoke-free days. However, we find the ratio of indoor/outdoor PM2.5 is less than 1 (i.e. indoor concentrations lower than outdoor) at nearly all indoor-outdoor monitor pairs on smoke-impacted days. Although typically lower than outdoor concentrations on smoke-impacted days, we find that on heavily smoke-impacted days (outdoor PM2.5 > 55 µg m−3), indoor PM2.5 concentrations can exceed the 35 µg m−3 24 h outdoor standard set by the US Environmental Protection Agency. Further, total daily-mean indoor PM2.5 concentrations increase by 2.1 µg m−3 with every 10 µg m−3 increase in daily-mean outdoor PM2.5. (median of statistically significant linear regression slopes across all western US monitor pairs; IQR: 1.0–4.3 µg m−3) on smoke-impacted days. These results show that for indoor environments in the western US included in our analysis, remaining indoors during smoke events is currently an effective, but limited, strategy to reduce PM2.5 exposure.
Continuous nowhere Hölder functions on ℤ_{𝕡}
Authors: Araújo G. , Bernal-González L. , Fernández-Sánchez J. , Seoane–Sepúlveda J. 
Published: June 2022

K. Weierstrass (1872) was probably the first to present the existence of continuous nowhere differentiable functions (although B. Bolzano, in 1822, was the first to come up with such a construction). Almost a century later, V. Gurariĭ [Dokl. Akad. SSSR 167 (1966), pp. 971–973] observed that the family of continuous functions on

[
0
,
1
]

[0,1]

that are differentiable at no point contains, except for the null function, an infinite dimensional vector space. Moreover, and among other recent contributions in this direction, S. Hencl [Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 128 (2000), p. 3505–3511] generalized the previously mentioned result by proving the existence of isometrical embeddings of separable Banach spaces into the set of nowhere approximatively differentiable and nowhere Hölder functions. Here, we continue this ongoing research with the study of continuous nowhere Hölder functions, no longer defined in subsets of

R

\mathbb {R}

, but in subsets of the

p
p

-adic field

Q

p

\mathbb {Q}_p

.
Real zeros of random trigonometric polynomials with dependent coefficients
Authors: Angst Jürgen , Pautrel Thibault , Poly Guillaume 
Published: June 2022

We further investigate the relations between the large degree asymptotics of the number of real zeros of random trigonometric polynomials with dependent coefficients and the underlying correlation function. We consider trigonometric polynomials of the form
\[

f
n

(
t
)
≔

1

n

∑

k
=
1

n

a
k

cos
⁡
(
k
t
)
+

b
k

sin
⁡
(
k
t
)
,

x
∈
[
0
,
2
π
]
,

f_n(t)≔\frac {1}{\sqrt {n}}\sum _{k=1}^{n}a_k \cos (kt)+b_k\sin (kt), ~x\in [0,2\pi ],

\]
where the sequences

(

a
k

)

k
≥
1

(a_k)_{k\geq 1}

and

(

b
k

)

k
≥
1

(b_k)_{k\geq 1}

are two independent copies of a stationary Gaussian process centered with variance one and correlation function

ρ
\rho

with associated spectral measure

μ

ρ

\mu _{\rho }

. We focus here on the case where

μ

ρ

\mu _{\rho }

is not purely singular and we denote by

ψ

ρ

\psi _{\rho }

its density component with respect to the Lebesgue measure

λ
\lambda

. Quite surprisingly, we show that the asymptotics of the number of real zeros

N

(

f
n

,
[
0
,
2
π
]
)

\mathcal {N}(f_n,[0,2\pi ])

of

f
n

f_n

in

[
0
,
2
π
]

[0,2\pi ]

is not related to the decay of the correlation function

ρ
\rho

but instead to the Lebesgue measure of the vanishing locus of

ψ

ρ

\psi _{\rho }

. Namely, assuming that

ψ

ρ

\psi _{\rho }

is

C

1

\mathcal {C}^1

with Hölder derivative on an open set of full measure, one establishes that
\[

lim

n
→
+
∞

E

[

N

(

f
n

,
[
0
,
2
π
]
)
]

n

=

λ
(
{

ψ

ρ

=
0
}
)

π

2

+

2
π
−
λ
(
{

ψ

ρ

=
0
}
)

π

3

.

\lim _{n \to +\infty } \frac {\mathbb {E}\left [\mathcal {N}(f_n,[0,2\pi ])\right ]}{n}= \frac {\lambda (\{\psi _{\rho }=0\})}{\pi \sqrt {2}} + \frac {2\pi - \lambda (\{\psi _{\rho }=0\})}{\pi \sqrt {3}}.

\]
On the other hand, assuming a sole log-integrability condition on

ψ

ρ

\psi _{\rho }

, which implies that it is positive almost everywhere, we recover the asymptotics of the independent case:
\[

lim

n
→
+
∞

E

[

N

(

f
n

,
[
0
,
2
π
]
)
]

n

=

2

3

.

\lim _{n \to +\infty } \frac {\mathbb {E}\left [\mathcal {N}(f_n,[0,2\pi ])\right ]}{n}= \frac {2}{\sqrt {3}}.

\]
The latter asymptotics thus broadly generalizes the main result of Angst, Dalmao, and Poly [Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 147 (2019), pp. 205–214] where the spectral density was assumed to be continuous and bounded from below. Besides, with further assumptions of regularity and existence of negative moment for

ψ

ρ

\psi _{\rho }

, which encompass e.g. the case of random coefficients being increments of fractional Brownian motion with any Hurst parameter, we moreover show that the above convergence in expectation can be strengthened to an almost sure convergence.
Exotic t-structures for two-block Springer fibres
Authors: Anno Rina , Nandakumar Vinoth 
Published: June 2022

We study the category of representations of

s
l

m
+
2
n

\mathfrak {sl}_{m+2n}

in positive characteristic, with

p
p

-character given by a nilpotent with Jordan type

(
m
+
n
,
n
)

(m+n,n)

. Recent work of Bezrukavnikov-Mirkovic [Ann. of Math. (2) 178 (2013), pp. 835–919] implies that this representation category is equivalent to

D

m
,
n

0

\mathcal {D}_{m,n}^0

, the heart of the exotic t-structure on the derived category of coherent sheaves on a Springer fibre for that nilpotent. Using work of Cautis and Kamnitzer [Duke Math. J. 142 (2008), pp. 511–588], we construct functors indexed by affine tangles, between these categories

D

m
,
n

\mathcal {D}_{m,n}

(i.e. for different values of

n
n

). This allows us to describe the irreducible objects in

D

m
,
n

0

\mathcal {D}_{m,n}^0

and enumerate them by crossingless

(
m
,
m
+
2
n
)

(m,m+2n)

matchings. We compute the

E
x
t

\mathrm {Ext}

spaces between the irreducible objects, and conjecture that the resulting Ext algebra is an annular variant of Khovanov’s arc algebra. In subsequent work, we use these results to give combinatorial dimension formulae for the irreducible representations. These results may be viewed as a positive characteristic analogue of results about two-block parabolic category

O

\mathcal {O}

due to Lascoux-Schutzenberger [Astérisque, vol. 87, Soc. Math. France, Paris, 1981, pp. 249–266], Bernstein-Frenkel-Khovanov [Selecta Math. (N.S.) 5 (1999), pp. 199–241], Brundan-Stroppel [Represent. Theory 15 (2011), pp. 170–243], et al.
RAPPPID: towards generalizable protein interaction prediction with AWD-LSTM twin networks
Authors: Szymborski Joseph , Emad Amin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMotivationComputational methods for the prediction of protein–protein interactions (PPIs), while important tools for researchers, are plagued by challenges in generalizing to unseen proteins. Datasets used for modelling protein–protein predictions are particularly predisposed to information leakage and sampling biases.ResultsIn this study, we introduce RAPPPID, a method for the Regularized Automatic Prediction of Protein–Protein Interactions using Deep Learning. RAPPPID is a twin Averaged Weight-Dropped Long Short-Term memory network which employs multiple regularization methods during training time to learn generalized weights. Testing on stringent interaction datasets composed of proteins not seen during training, RAPPPID outperforms state-of-the-art methods. Further experiments show that RAPPPID’s performance holds regardless of the particular proteins in the testing set and its performance is higher for experimentally supported edges. This study serves to demonstrate that appropriate regularization is an important component of overcoming the challenges of creating models for PPI prediction that generalize to unseen proteins. Additionally, as part of this study, we provide datasets corresponding to several data splits of various strictness, in order to facilitate assessment of PPI reconstruction methods by others in the future.Availability and implementationCode and datasets are freely available at https://github.com/jszym/rapppid and Zenodo.org.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
O-061 Polymorphisms in FSH and it’s receptor
Authors: Santi D 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Gonadotropins and their receptors’ genes carry several single-nucleotide polymorphisms resulting in endocrine genotypes modulating reproductive parameters, diseases, and lifespan leading to important implications for reproductive success and potential relevance during human evolution. Here we illustrate common genotypes of the gonadotropins and gonadotropin receptors’ genes and their clinical implications in phenotypes relevant for reproduction such as ovarian cycle length, age of menopause, testosterone levels, polycysticovary syndrome, and cancer. We then discuss their possible role in human reproduction and adaptation to the environment. Gonadotropins and their receptors’ variants are differently distributed among human populations. Some hints suggest that they may be the result of natural selection that occurred in ancient times, increasing the individual chance of successful mating, pregnancy, andeffective post-natal parental cares. The gender-related differences in the regulation of the reproductive endocrine systems imply that many of these genotypes may lead to sex-dependent effects, increasing the chance of mating and reproductive success in one sex at the expenses of the other sex. Also, we suggest that sexual conflicts within the FSH and LH–choriogonadotropin receptor genes contributed to maintain genotypes linked to subfertility among humans. Because the distribution of polymorphic markers results in a defined geographical pattern due to human migrations rather than natural selection, these polymorphisms may have had only a weak impact on reproductive success. On the contrary, such genotypes could acquire relevant consequences in the modern, developed societies in which parenthood attempts often occur at a later age, during a short, suboptimal reproductive window, making clinical fertility treatments necessary
O-142 SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and IVF cycle outcomes
Authors: Anis heusler A , Weintraub A , Stein D , Kulak D 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Study question
Does recent mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination effect IVF pregnancy rate?

Summary answer
We observed no influence of mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine on patients’ IVF cycle outcomes; vaccination did not change pregnancy rates.

What is known already
Two recent studies showed that the BNT162b2 mRNA SARS-COV-2 vaccine does not appear to have negative effects on oocytes during controlled ovarian stimulation. Assessment of follicular fluid after vaccination (1) concluded that there was no affect on the follicle quality or function. An additional study of 36 patients that underwent IVF both immediately before and immediately after vaccination found no change in ovarian yield or embryo quality (2).

Study design, size, duration
A retrospective case control study including 385 women from January 1, 2021 to May 31st of the same year.

Participants/materials, setting, methods
The study group included patients that received 2 doses of the Pfizer SARS-COV-2 vaccine between 7-180 days prior to starting IVF and without a history of COVID infection. Controls included unvaccinated patients from the same time period and historical age matched patients from our hospital from the same months in prior years. 385 patients under the age of 40 years met the inclusion criteria, 349 in the control and 36 in the vaccinated group.

Main results and the role of chance
Demographic and clinical characteristics were comparable between groups. The pregnancy rate was 33.3% (n = 12) in the vaccinated group vs 31.8% (n = 111) in the control group (p &gt; 0.1). There were no statistically significant differences between the control and vaccine groups with a small non-significant trend to higher pregnancy rates in vaccinated patients: pregnancy rate OR for vaccination group was 1.17 (95% CI 0.56-2.44).

Limitations, reasons for caution
Our study size was small and was observational leaving it open to confounding and selection bias regarding who chose to receive the vaccine and those in high risk groups for COVID infection. Additionally, longterm effect of the vaccine and booster were not assessed.

Wider implications of the findings
We did not observe any effect of this vaccine regimen on IVF outcomes or pregnancy rates. This underscores worldwide data and physiologic reasoning that there should not be significant effects of this COVID vaccine on developing gametes quality and function and is a good option for those trying to conceive.

Trial registration number
LND 0031-21
O-221 The concept of ‘family' in the era of assisted conception : a sociolinguistic analysis
Authors: Lockwood G 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Study question
Should current societal concerns about how the application of ART has resulted in evolving family structures influence clinical and legislative practice

Summary answer
Concerns about the role of ART in ‘threatening' historical norms need to be addressed as they cause distress and fail to support valid life choices

What is known already
Techniques of assisted conception including gamete donation, cryopreservation and surrogacy have enabled many individuals to access unconventional and different family structures. ART modalities that were initially concerned with achieving a child for a hetero-normative couple are now widely accessed by individuals and couples with alternative family structures. Current societal concerns oscillate between anxieties about inappropriate access and recourse to fertility treatments, demographic evidence of declining fecundity and geo-political pressures to optimize social structures.

Study design, size, duration
A historical review was undertaken of family structures during the historical epoque since records are available of family size, maternal mortality, generational divergence and ‘un-official' family formation. Consideration of literary sources including foundlings, child ‘gifting', adoption and abandonment was involved. Assessment of current cultural norms including Census data information on household composition was accessed. Semi-qualitative interviews with individuals wishing to access fertility treatment with donor gametes..

Participants/materials, setting, methods
On-line access to records, census data, historical reviews etc.

Main results and the role of chance
In the post-industrial era a significant proportion of children lived in families to which they had no genetic link. ‘Excess' children were ‘gifted' to relatives, ‘sent' to live with individuals who offered the opportunity of a ‘better' life or who simply required a servant, or a companion or an heir. Quantitatively this is no different from the current situation in the UK where half of all young children live in a household in which they are not genetically linked to one of the adults who care for them. Deferred marriage or coupledom and age-related subfertility have increased the use of donor eggs. Single women and same sex female partners can now freely access donor sperm. it could be concluded that the current ‘moral panic'about the status of ‘the family' is misguided and historically inaccurate.Contemporary family structures are not so different from what has preceded them, even though the ways in which these longed for children arrive may be nove.l

Limitations, reasons for caution
These data refer to UK sources and may not be universalisable

Wider implications of the findings
Practitioners of ART and allied professionals who support their work need to be aware of the needs and entitlements of individuals who seek to form families by accessing ART.

Trial registration number
Not applicable
P-741 The COVID-19 pandemic: is there any impact on male fertility?
Authors: Sallem A , Garrouche S , Ben Fredj M , Kooli R , Boughzala I , Boussabbeh M , Ammar O , Mehdi M 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Study question
Is there any impact of the pandemic period on semen parameters?

Summary answer
Both total and progressive sperm motility as well as sperm morphology were impaired during COVID-19 pandemic.

What is known already
Male fertility could be affected by many environmental conditions. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to many dramatic consequences on human lives (psychological, financial level…). However, little information is available on the impact of the emergent COVID-19 on male fertility.

Study design, size, duration
This was a cohort study comparing semen parameters before and during the two first COVID-19 waves in infertile Tunisian patients.

Participants/materials, setting, methods
Were included in the current study 90 patients followed in the consultation of the department of Cytogenetics and Reproductive Biology (Monastir, Tunisia) for hypofertility. Each of the included patients has already a spermogram before the COVID-19 pandemic and a spermogram during the COVID-19 pandemic allowing the comparison of semen parameters for each patient so that he was considered as his own control. Patients who received medication (antibiotics, antioxidants…) were excluded from the current study.

Main results and the role of chance
Among standard semen parameters, we have shown a significant decrease in both total and progressive sperm motility during COVID-19 pandemic (p &lt; 0.0001 and p = 0.001 respectively). The observed decrease 30 min after ejaculation was maintained 2 hours and 4 hours after ejaculation. Furthermore, we observed an impairment in sperm morphology. Indeed, the percentage of morphologically abnormal spermatozoa raises from 90.99±7.37% to 93.67±4.54% (p &lt; 0.0001). The remaining semen parameters was similar between the two compared timepoints except a slight decrease in sperm count during the pandemic (p = 0.079).
Multivariate analysis didn’t show among clinical and epidemiological characteristics any associated factor with the observed decrease in semen quality.

Limitations, reasons for caution
The included patients didn’t have any COVID-19 symptoms on the day of sperm collection. However, as we have no proof of negative PCR test, the observed impairment in semen quality could be not only the consequence of psychological stress but may be also induced by a latent infection.

Wider implications of the findings
Even in patients with no proof of COVID-19 infection, the pandemic seems to have a real impact on hypofertile men as sperm motility and morphology were significantly impaired. It would be preffered to control semen parameters away from such period before referring patients to assisted reproduction.

Trial registration number
Not Applicable
O-230 Newer non-invasive modalities in fibroid management
Authors: Dhillon Pai R 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Fibroids are highly prevalent and may cause abnormal menstrual bleeding, pain, mass in pelvis, infertility or pregnancy complications. For years, surgery such as myomectomy or hysterectomy have been the main treatment option. However, the high costs, morbidity and often long hospitalization and recovery time have driven the need for more conservative options.
Today, there is a paradigm shift in our approach to the management of fibroids.
Depending on the age of the woman, number and location of fibroids, symptoms and her desire for fertility, one can choose a suitable option. Medical options such as progestin’s, GnRh analogues, GnRH antagonists, selective progesterone receptor modulators like ulipristal, mifepristone, aromatase inhibitors or the use of an intra uterine progestin releasing device give good relief of symptoms and temporarily shrink the fibroid.
Many high intensity focussed ultrasound options with or without MRI guidance are now available. Uterine artery embolization has stood the test of time.
Innovative new techniques such as transvaginal doppler guided vascular clamp, intrauterine ultrasound guided radio frequency ablation, percutaneous microwave ablation are now available to treat this common, often symptomatic and recurrent problem.