bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
سمات التغطية الإخبارية للأزمات لدى المواقع الإخبارية في أثناء أزمة "كورونا
Authors: بن سعيدان هدى بنت عبدالله , الحزامي نوف عبداللطيف 
Published: September 2022

ترمي هذه الدراسة إلى تحليل الرّسائل الاتصاليّة لعددٍ من المَواقع الإخبارية العالميّة على شبكة تويتر وذلك عن طريق تحليلِ شكل ومضمون عيّنة من تغريدات تويتر، لتقديم نتائجَ وصفيّة توضِّحُ طُرق تعامل تلك المؤسسات الإعلامية في أثناء الأزمة المتعلقة بانتشار فايروس كورونا. تمَّ اختيار عيّنة الدراسة بطريقة عمديّة، فقد وقع في الاختيار ثلاثُ وسائل إخبارية: وسيلتانِ من الوسائل العالميّة الأكثر متابعة والأكثر احترافية وشهرة على مستوى العالم، فكانت النيويورك تايمز وسيلة من الولايات المتحدة، والجارديان وسيلة من المملكة المتحدة، ووسيلة عربية واحدة هي قناة العربيّة بوصفها احدى أكثر القنوات الرسميّة شهرة (von Nordheim, Boczek, & Koppers, 2018, p. 13)، وذلك لمتابعة الأساليب التي يتم استخدامها في تغطية الأخبار في أثناء الأزمة.
تم تحليل مجموع 18,085 تغريدة للحسابات الثلاث في أثناء المدة من (1/3/2020) إلى (8/ 4/ 2020) من عام 2020. تم استخدام استمارة تحليل مضمون لتحليل محتوى التغطيات الإخبارية. وأشارت النتائج إلى وجود ارتفاع في نسبة الأخبار السلبيّة المُتعلقة بالأزمة في التغطيات الإخبارية، واهتمامٍ أقل بالجوانب الصحيّة، في حين حظيت باهتمامٍ بالغ الأخبار المتعلقة بالجوانب السياسيّة للأزمة.
Site response and liquefaction hazard analysis of Hawassa town, Main Ethiopian Rift
Authors: Ayele Alemayehu , Meten Matebie , Woldearegay Kifle 
Published: September 2022

The study area is located in one of the most earthquake prone regions in southern Ethiopia, which is characterized by small-to-intermediate earthquake occurrences causing damage to buildings. Predicting liquefaction hazard potential and local site effects are imperative to manage earthquake hazard and reduce the damage to buildings and loss of lives. The objectives of this work were to perform the equivalent linear response analysis (ELA) and shear wave velocity (Vs.)-based liquefaction hazard analysis and classify the site into different seismic site classes based on the European and American codes. The SPT-N and Vs.30 values showed the site falls in the C and D classes based on the NEHRP (2015) code but falls in the B and C classes based on the EC8 (2003) code. The susceptibility of liquefaction was evaluated using grain size analysis curves. Moreover, peak ground acceleration (PGA), spectral acceleration (SA), and maximum strain (%), which are very critical to understanding the local site effects, were estimated by the DeepsoilV.7 program. The cyclic stress ratio and cyclic resistance ratio were used to calculate the factor of safety (FS). A liquefaction potential index (LPI), probability of liquefaction (PL), and probability of liquefaction induced ground failure (PG) were used to assess the probability of liquefaction. The peak ground acceleration (g) values ranged from 0.166 to 0.281 g, whereas spectral acceleration (g) was found to be high at 0.1–1s. The liquefaction susceptibility screening criteria revealed that the study area is highly susceptible to liquefaction. FS is &lt; 1 for a liquefied site, but FS is &gt; 1 for non-liquefied sites. In comparison to non-liquefied sites, the liquefaction forecast site has a liquefaction potential index value of 0–54.16, very likely high PL, and high PG. The findings will be helpful in the design of structures and in solving practical challenges in earthquake engineering.
Extracellular cell-free RNA profile in human large follicles and small follicles
Authors: Shi Huajuan , Pan Min , Sheng Yuqi , Jia Erteng , Wang Ying , Dong Juan , Tu Jing , Bai Yunfei , Cai Lingbo , Ge Qinyu 
Published: September 2022

Background: Previous studies have shown that a large number of valuable and functional cell-free RNAs (cfRNAs) were found in follicular fluid. However, the species and characteristics of follicular fluid cfRNAs have not been reported. Furthermore, their implications are still barely understood in the evaluation of follicular fluid from follicles of different sizes, which warrants further studies.Objective: This study investigated the landscape and characteristics of follicular fluid cfRNAs, the source of organization, and the potential for distinguishing between follicles of different sizes.Methods: Twenty-four follicular fluid samples were collected from 20 patients who received in vitro fertilization (n = 9) or ICSI (n = 11), including 16 large follicular fluid and 8 small follicular fluid samples. Also, the cfRNA profile of follicular fluid samples was analyzed by RNA sequencing.Results: This result indicated that the concentration of follicular fluid cfRNAs ranged from 0.78 to 8.76 ng/ml, and fragment length was 20–200 nucleotides. The concentration and fragment length of large follicular fluid and small follicular fluid samples were not significantly different (p &gt; 0.05). The technical replica correlation of follicular fluid samples ranged from 0.3 to 0.9, and the correlation of small follicular fluid samples was remarkably (p &lt; 0.001) lower than that of large follicular fluid samples. Moreover, this study found that cfRNAs of the follicular fluid could be divided into 37 Ensembl RNA biotypes, and a large number of mRNAs, circRNAs, and lncRNAs were observed in the follicular fluid. The number of cfRNAs in large follicular fluid was remarkably (p &lt; 0.05) higher than that of small follicular fluid. Furthermore, the follicular fluid contained a large amount of intact mRNA and splice junctions and a large number of tissue-derived RNAs, which are at a balanced state of supply and elimination in the follicular fluid. KEGG pathway analysis showed that differentially expressed cfRNAs were enriched in several pathways, including thyroid hormone synthesis, the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, and inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels. In addition, we further showed that four cfRNAs (TK2, AHDC1, PHF21A, and TTYH1) serve as a potential indicator to distinguish the follicles of different sizes. The ROC curve shows great potential to predict follicular fluid from follicles of different sizes [area under the curve (AUC) &gt; 0.88].Conclusion: Overall, our study revealed that a large number of cfRNAs could be detected in follicular fluid and could serve as a potential non-invasive biomarker in distinguishing between follicles of different sizes. These results may inform the study of the utility and implementation of cfRNAs in clinical practice.
A new type of bladeless turbine for compressed gas energy storage system
Authors: Wang Qin , Zhu Zhengyang , Chen Wei , Zhou Yang 
Published: September 2022

Nowadays, energy storage engineering is an important means to relieve the problem of energy shortage. In this investigation, we design a kind of vaneless turbine originating from a Tesla turbine with a diameter and an air gap of 250 mm and 0.5 mm, respectively. Importantly, such a vaneless turbine removes the feature of an air outlet in the middle and adopts other ways of entering and leaving on both sides, so as to strengthen the rotor, because there is no need for a large hole in the middle of the rotor. Furthermore, the rotor dynamics characteristics of the vaneless turbine are calculated by six different modes. We also obtain the critical speed in different modes. Moreover, the flow field performances, such as the velocity and pressure of fluid (air), are investigated using the finite element simulation method. In addition, the bench test is built to obtain the output characteristics of a vaneless turbine. The maximum output torque is about 5.56 Nm at 992 rpm, and the maximal rotational speed of the vaneless turbine can reach 3200 rpm. Our work provides new ideas and guidance for the design and research of the new generation of the vaneless turbine.
Study of necrotic apoptosis by pulsed electric field ablation in rabbit left ventricular myocardium
Authors: Zhao Zhihong , Chen Yonggang , Wu Bin , Qiu Gaodong , Hong Liangjie , Chen Xinhua , Zhang Xingwei 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveWe investigate the characteristics of histological damage to myocardial cells in the ablation region and surrounding areas of the left ventricular epicardium in rabbits using our self-developed cardiac pulsed electric field (PEF) ablation instrument and ablation catheter.MethodsForty eight New Zealand rabbits underwent ablation on the left ventricular myocardium after open-heart exposure with a cardiac arrhythmia PEF ablation device and ablation catheter developed by the Medical Translation Laboratory of Pulsed Electric Field Technology in Zhejiang Province. The ablation parameters were set as biphasic electrical pulses; voltage, ±800 V; pulse width, 10 μs; interphase delay, 500 us. Six rabbits were included in the sham group and 42 other rabbits were randomly divided into immediately, 6-h, 1-, 3-day, 1-, 2-, and 4-week post-ablation groups, with six rabbits in each group. Creatine kinase- (CK)-MB isoenzyme (CK-MB), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were measured before and at different time points after PEF ablation to analyze their dynamic evolution. Masson staining of tissue block sections of left ventricular myocardial ablation and adjacent tissue heart specimens was performed, and the occurrence of TUNEL apoptosis in myocardium tissue was analyzed.ResultsAll rabbits completed the PEF ablation procedure and the follow-up process. After PEF ablation, the levels of cardiac enzymes, including CK-MB, CK, and AST, increased significantly, peaking 1–3 days after the procedure. In particular, those of CK and CK-MB increased by 15–20 times but returned to the preoperative level after 2 weeks. Based on general observation, it was found that the myocardium in the ablation area was swollen immediately after PEF ablation. Masson staining analysis revealed that cardiomyocytes were broken and infiltrated by erythrocytes after 6 h. After 1 day, the cells started to experience atrophy and necrosis; after 3 days, fibrotic replacement of the necrotic area became obvious. Then, by 4 weeks, the myocardial cells were completely replaced by hyperplasia. Apoptosis occurred significantly at 6 h and peaked at 24 h post-ablation, demonstrating a 37.7-fold increase; apoptotic cell counts decreased significantly at 3 days post-ablation, and no significant apoptotic cardiomyocytes were seen after 1 week.ConclusionAfter PEF ablation, cardiomyocytes showed apoptotic process and dyed, at least partially, through a secondary necrosis, the ablation boundary was clear, the ablation area was replaced by structurally intact fibroblasts, no island myocardium tissue were seen, and the ablation area vessels and nerves were not affected.
Asymptomatic left circumflex artery stenosis is associated with higher arrhythmia recurrence after persistent atrial fibrillation ablation
Authors: Garcia Rodrigue , Clouard Mathilde , Plank Fabian , Degand Bruno , Philibert Séverine , Laurent Gabriel , Poupin Pierre , Sakhy Saliman , Gras Matthieu , Stühlinger Markus , Szegedi Nándor , Herczeg Szilvia , Simon Judit , Crijns Harry J. G. M. , Marijon Eloi , Christiaens Luc , Guenancia Charles 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundThe pathophysiology of persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) remains unclear. While several studies have demonstrated an association between myocardial infarction and atrial fibrillation, the role of stable coronary artery disease (CAD) is still unknown. As a result, we aimed to assess the association between CAD obstruction and AF recurrence after persistent AF ablation in patients with no history of CAD.Materials and methodsThis observational retrospective study included consecutive patients who underwent routine preprocedural cardiac computed tomography (CCT) before persistent AF ablation between September 2015 and June 2018 in 5 European University Hospitals. Exclusion criteria were CAD or coronary revascularization previously known or during follow-up. Obstructive CAD was defined as luminal stenosis ≥ 50%.ResultsAll in all, 496 patients (mean age 61.8 ± 10.0 years, 76.2% males) were included. CHA2DS2–VASc score was 0 or 1 in 225 (36.3%) patients. Obstructive CAD was present in 86 (17.4%) patients. During the follow-up (24 ± 19 months), 207 (41.7%) patients had AF recurrence. The recurrence rate was not different between patients with and without obstructive CAD (43.0% vs. 41.5%, respectively; P = 0.79). When considering the location of the stenosis, the recurrence rate was higher in the case of left circumflex obstruction: 56% vs. 32% at 2 years (log-rank P ≤ 0.01). After Cox multivariate analysis, circumflex artery obstruction (HR 2.32; 95% CI 1.36–3.98; P &lt; 0.01) was independently associated with AF recurrence.ConclusionCircumflex artery obstruction detected with CCT was independently associated with 2-fold increase in the risk of AF recurrence after persistent AF ablation. Further research is necessary to evaluate this pathophysiological relationship.
Cardiac and vascular effects of low-dose steroids during the early phase of septic shock: An echocardiographic study
Authors: Bagate François , Coppens Alexandre , Masi Paul , de Prost Nicolas , Carteaux Guillaume , Razazi Keyvan , Mekontso Dessap Armand 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundLow-dose steroids are known to increase arterial pressure during septic shock through restoration of vasopressor response to norepinephrine. However, their effects on cardiac performance and ventriculo-arterial coupling (VAC) have never been scrutinized during human septic shock. The aim of this study was to perform a comprehensive description of the cardiovascular effects of low-dose steroids using modern echocardiographic tools (including speckle tracking imaging).MethodsThis prospective study was conducted in the intensive care unit (ICU) of a university hospital in France. Consecutive adult patients admitted for septic shock and requiring low-dose steroid therapy were prospectively enrolled within 24 h of septic shock onset. We recorded hemodynamic and echocardiographic data to explore left ventricle (LV) contractility, loading conditions and VAC just before the initiation of low-dose steroids (50 mg intravenous hydrocortisone plus 50 μg enteral fludrocortisone) and 2–4 h after.ResultsFifty patients [65 (55–73) years; 33 men] were enrolled. Arterial pressure, heart rate, almost all LV afterload parameters, and most cardiac contractility parameters significantly improved after steroids. VAC improved with steroid therapy and less patients had uncoupled VAC (&gt; 1.36) after (24%) than before (44%) treatment.ConclusionIn this comprehensive echocardiographic study, we confirmed an improvement of LV afterload after initiation of low-dose steroids. We also observed an increase in LV contractility with improved cardiovascular efficiency (less uncoupling with decreased VAC).
Re-investigation of the sector collapse timing of Usu volcano, Japan, inferred from reworked ash deposits caused by debris avalanche
Authors: Nakagawa Mitsuhiro , Matsumoto Akiko , Yoshizawa Mitsuki 
Published: September 2022

It is essential to establish the timing of past sector collapse events at a volcanic edifice to evaluate not only the evolution of the volcanic system but also potential volcanic hazards. This can be done by determining the age of the collapse-generated debris avalanche deposits. However, without evidence of an associated magmatic eruption, it is impossible to recognize juvenile materials in these deposits. Thus, it is usually difficult to determine the precise age of sector collapse. Usu is a post-caldera volcano of the Toya Caldera (Hokkaido, Japan) and has been constructed since ca. 19–18 ka on top of the caldera-forming Toya pyroclastic flow deposits (Tpfl deposit: 106 ka). A sector collapse occurred after the formation of a stratovolcano edifice and produced the Zenkoji debris avalanche (ZDA) deposit with reported ages ranging from &gt;20 to 6 ka. We investigated the tephrostratigraphy preserved in the soil above the ZDA deposit and in the surrounding area and recognized fine ash fall deposits at two locations, above and east of the ZDA deposit. The glass shards within these deposits were correlated with several tephra layers with the majority being derived from Tpfl deposits. Thus, these ash deposits should be considered reworked tephra. A considerable number of hummocks in the ZDA deposit were also composed of deformed and fragmented Tpfl deposits, which suggests that the ZDA bulldozed and partially incorporated the Tpfl deposit on the flank of the volcano. Deformation and fragmentation of the non-welded soft silicic Tpfl deposit during the transport and emplacement of the ZDA produced an accompanying ash cloud, which deposited the observed glassy, fine, ash fall units. Radiocarbon dating of soil samples directly below and above the reworked ash deposits allowed dating the sector collapse to ca. 8 ka. This age is much younger than previously proposed results. Based on our findings, the transport and emplacement mechanism of the sector collapse should be revised. Our study shows that reworked ash layers caused by the flow of a debris avalanche can be used as an indicator of the timing of a sector collapse of the volcano.
Comparative analysis of the neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan-Hu-1 strain and variants of concern: Performance evaluation of a pseudovirus-based neutralization assay
Authors: D’Apice Luciana , Trovato Maria , Gramigna Giulia , Colavita Francesca , Francalancia Massimo , Matusali Giulia , Meschi Silvia , Lapa Daniele , Bettini Aurora , Mizzoni Klizia , Aurisicchio Luigi , Di Caro Antonino , Castilletti Concetta , De Berardinis Piergiuseppe 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesEmergence of new variants of SARS-CoV-2 might affect vaccine efficacy. Therefore, assessing the capacity of sera to neutralize variants of concern (VOCs) in BSL-2 conditions will help evaluating the immune status of population following vaccination or infection.MethodsPseudotyped viruses bearing SARS-CoV-2 spike protein from Wuhan-Hu-1/D614G strains (wild type, WT), B.1.617.2 (Delta), or B.1.1.529 (Omicron) VOCs were generated to assess the neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) activity by a pseudovirus-based neutralization assay (PVNA). PVNA performance was assessed in comparison to the micro-neutralization test (MNT) based on live viruses. Sera collected from COVID-19 convalescents and vaccinees receiving mRNA (BNT16b2 or mRNA-1273) or viral vector (AZD1222 or Ad26.COV2.S) vaccines were used to measure nAbs elicited by two-dose BNT16b2, mRNA-1273, AZD1222 or one-dose Ad26.CO2.S, at different times from completed vaccination, ~ 1.5 month and ~ 4-6 months. Sera from pre-pandemic and unvaccinated individuals were analyzed as controls. Neutralizing activity following booster vaccinations against VOCs was also determined.ResultsPVNA titers correlated with the gold standard MNT assay, validating the reliability of PVNA. Sera analyzed late from the second dose showed a reduced neutralization activity compared to sera collected earlier. Ad26.CO2.S vaccination led to very low or absent nAbs. Neutralization of Delta and Omicron BA.1 VOCs showed significant reduction of nAbs respect to WT strain. Importantly, booster doses enhanced Omicron BA.1 nAbs, with persistent levels at 3 months from boosting.ConclusionsPVNA is a reliable tool for assessing anti-SARS-CoV-2 nAbs helping the establishment of a correlate of protection and the management of vaccination strategies.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on colorectal and gastric cancer diagnosis, disease stage and mortality
Authors: Abu-Freha Naim , Hizkiya Reut , Abu-Abed Muhammad , Michael Tal , Jacob Binil Mathew , Rouvinov Keren , Schwartz Doron , Reshef Avraham , Netz Uri , Pinsk Ilia , Etzion Ohad 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundSince the outbreak of COVID-19, a significant decline in endoscopic procedures has been observed.AimsWe investigated the change of incidence, clinical characteristics, disease stage and mortality of patients with gastric cancer (GC) or colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosed in 2020 compared to the pre-pandemic year 2019.MethodsDemographic, clinical and laboratory data on all patients diagnosed with GC or CRC at the Soroka University Medical Center were retrospectively collected and compared. Number of cases, time of diagnosis, clinical presentation, staging at diagnosis and mortality rates were compared.ResultsTwo hundred sixteen patients were diagnosed with CRC in 2019, whereas only 162 were diagnosed in 2020 (25% reduction), while 36 GC diagnoses were made in 2019 compared to 24 in 2020 (33% reduction). The age-adjusted incidence was calculated to be 24.28 for CRC and 5.0 for GC in 2020 compared to 29.93 and 5.32 in 2019, respectively. CRC patients had a significantly lower rate of rectal bleeding as their presenting symptom in 2020 compared with 2019, 8.1 vs. 19% (p = 0.003), but higher rate of diarrhea as their presenting symptom, 4.3 vs. 1% (p = 0.044). No significant differences regarding other presenting symptoms, comorbidities, surgery or mortality rates were found between the groups diagnosed in 2019 or 2020.ConclusionA decrease in GC and CRC incidence was observed during the year 2020; lower rate of rectal bleeding and higher rate of diarrhea as presenting symptoms were noted in 2020, but no significant difference was found regarding other presenting symptoms, disease stage, surgery or mortality.
Unveiling antiplasmodial alkaloids from a cumulative collection of Strychnos extracts by multi-informative molecular networks
Authors: Bonnet Olivier , Beniddir Mehdi A. , Champy Pierre , Degotte Gilles , Mamede Lúcia , Desdemoustier Pauline , Ledoux Allison , Tchinda Alembert Tiabou , Angenot Luc , Frédérich Michel 
Published: September 2022

Malaria, a disease known for thousands of years and caused by parasites of the Plasmodium genus, continues to cause many deaths throughout the world today, particularly due to the emergence of parasite resistance to the current therapeutic arsenal. Plants of the Strychnos genus, remarkable due to their multiple traditional uses as well as their alkaloid content, are promising candidates to develop new antimalarial treatments. Indeed, previous research on this plant group has shown promising (≤ 5 µg/ml) or good (between 5 and 15 µg/ml) antiplasmodial activities. Using the chloroquine-sensitive strain of Plasmodium falciparum (3D7), and artemisinin as positive control, a screening of antiplasmodial activities from 43 crude methanolic extracts from 28 species of the Strychnos genus was carried out in three independent assays. A total of 12 extracts had good (6 extracts) or promising (6 extracts) antiplasmodial activities. These results allowed both to confirm known activities but also to detect new ones. These extracts were then analyzed by HPLC-ESI(+)-Q/TOF, and the processed MS/MS data allowed to generate a molecular network in which the antiplasmodial activities were implemented as metadata. The exploration of the molecular network revealed the presence of alkaloids still unknown, and potentially active against malaria, in particular alkaloids close to usambarensine and its derivatives. This study shows that the emergence of molecular networking offers new leads for identifications of alkaloids from the Strychnos genus. The presence of unknown alkaloids potentially active against malaria confirms all the interest to continue in studying the Strychnos genus. Bioassay- and mass-guided fractionations as well as various dereplication tools would allow to identify and characterize these interesting alkaloids further.