bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of crucial genes for polycystic ovary syndrome and atherosclerosis through comprehensive bioinformatics analysis and machine learning
Authors: Wang Lirong , Zhang Yanli , Ji Fan , Si Zhenmin , Liu Chengdong , Wu Xiaoke , Wang Chichiu , Chang Hui 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveTo identify potential biomarkers in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and atherosclerosis, and to explore the common pathologic mechanisms between these two diseases in response to the increased risk of cardiovascular diseases in patients with PCOS.MethodsPCOS and atherosclerosis data sets were downloaded from the GEO database, and their differentially expressed genes were identified. Weighted gene co‐expression network analysis was used to obtain intersection genes, and then protein–protein interaction and functional enrichment analysis were performed. Machine learning algorithms were used to select the key genes, which were then validated through external data sets. We constructed a nomogram to predict the risk of atherosclerosis in women with PCOS. Finally, the CIBERSORT algorithm was used to analyze the infiltration of immune cells in the atherosclerosis group.ResultsWe identified six hub genes (CD163, LAPTM5, TNFSF13B, MS4A4A, FGR, and IRF1) that exhibited excellent diagnostic value in validation data sets. Gene ontology terms and KEGG signaling pathway analysis revealed that key genes were associated with immune responses and inflammatory reactions. Abnormal immune cell infiltration was also found in the atherosclerosis group and was correlated with the six hub genes.ConclusionCommon therapeutic targets of PCOS and atherosclerosis were preliminarily identified through bioinformatics analysis and machine learning techniques. These findings provide new treatment ideas for reducing the risk that PCOS will develop into atherosclerosis.
A Preliminary Quantitative Risk Assessment for Inhalation Exposure to Glutaraldehyde
Authors: Pandalai Sudha P. , Dankovic David A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTGlutaraldehyde (Chemical Abstracts Service [CAS] registry number 111‐30‐8) has various occupational uses and is associated with adverse health effects including respiratory tract irritation, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A quantitative risk assessment was conducted to evaluate the likelihood of adverse health effects associated with differing levels of occupational inhalation exposure to glutaraldehyde. Dose–response models were fit to data from a 2‐year glutaraldehyde inhalation exposure bioassay conducted by the National Toxicology Program. The benchmark concentration lower bound values of 32 and 44 parts per billion (ppb) were based on bioassay data for female rats and mice that developed squamous epithelium inflammation and respiratory epithelium squamous metaplasia, respectively. These values were used as a point of departure to determine exposure levels relevant to the occupational setting. Extrapolation from rodents to humans assumed a 40‐h workweek and an 8‐fold uncertainty factor to account for interspecies and interindividual variability. Adjusted benchmark lower bound concentrations of 3 and 4.1 ppb were calculated for inhalation exposure to glutaraldehyde using the endpoints observed in rat and mouse models. Due to the extrapolation parameters used in deriving this result, these findings have applicability for exposure to glutaraldehyde in the occupational setting.
The Mechanism of Bisphenol S‐Induced Atherosclerosis Elucidated Based on Network Toxicology, Molecular Docking, and Machine Learning
Authors: Guo Bing , He Xuan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe increasing prevalence of environmental pollutants has raised public concern about their potential role in diseases such as atherosclerosis (AS). Existing studies suggest that chemicals, including bisphenol S (BPS), may adversely affect cardiovascular health, but the specific mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to elucidate the effects of BPS on AS and the underlying mechanisms. Through an extensive search of databases such as ChEMBL, STITCH, SwissTargetPrediction, SuperPred, SEA, and GEO, we identified 34 potential targets related to BPS‐induced AS. A target network was constructed using the STRING platform and Cytoscape software. GO and KEGG functional enrichment analysis using the DAVID database revealed that BPS may promote the occurrence of AS by interfering with critical biological processes such as glutathione metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, and tyrosine metabolism. This was followed by the selection of 4 core targets—aminopeptidase n (ANPEP), alcohol dehydrogenase 5 (ADH5), lysosomal pro‐x carboxypeptidase (PRCP), and microsomal glutathione s‐transferase 1 (MGST1)—using five machine learning methods. These core targets play a pivotal role in BPS‐induced AS. Furthermore, molecular docking confirmed the tight binding between BPS and these core targets. In conclusion, this study provides a theoretical framework for understanding the molecular mechanisms of BPS‐induced AS and contributes scientific evidence for the development of prevention and treatment strategies for cardiovascular diseases triggered by BPS exposure.
Higher Absolute Lymphocyte Counts and Lower Des‐γ‐Carboxyprothrombin Levels After Treatment Initiation Are Associated With the Clinical Efficacy of Tremelimumab Plus Durvalumab Combination Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Inoue Yuta , Yano Yoshihiko , Kushida Saeko , Hirohata Seiya , Yoon Seitetsu , Yasutomi Eiichiro , Hirano Hirotaka , Kim Soo Ki , Yoshida Ryutaro , Ueda Yoshihide , Momose Kenji , Hayashi Hiroki , Kado Takuo , Nishi Katsuhisa , Tanaka Hidenori , Matono Tomomitsu , Yamamoto Atsushi , Tei Hiroshi , Nishioka Chiharu , Yagi Yosuke , Tamura Shoji , Sakane Tatsuya , Ehara Mayumi , Kawano Miki , Kitadai Jun , Matsuura Takanori , Shiomi Yuuki , Komatsu Shohei , Fukumoto Takumi , Tada Toshifumi , Kodama Yuzo 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsTremelimumab plus durvalumab (Dur/Tre) combination therapy is now a first‐line systemic therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Because systemic therapy is not effective in some patients, it is clinically important to identify factors that could predict the response to treatment at an early stage. We investigated the factors associated with the response to Dur/Tre for advanced HCC in a clinical setting.MethodsSeventy patients (median age 74 years; 61 men) who received Dur/Tre between March 2023 and September 2024 were analyzed. We examined the factors associated with the treatment response, including pretreatment factors and factors early in treatment.ResultsThe median treatment duration was 77.5 (interquartile range [IQR] 28–187) days. The overall response and disease control rates were 25.8% and 58.1%, respectively. The median (IQR) progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 82 (61–133) and 415 (337–NA) days, respectively. Multivariable analysis revealed that higher absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) and lower des‐γ‐carboxyprothrombin (DCP) levels were significantly associated with PFS. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the cutoff value for ALC after 4 weeks of treatment in relation to clinical efficacy was 1125/mm3. A log‐rank test using the Kaplan–Meier method showed that OS was significantly longer in patients with ALC above the cutoff and in patients whose DCP levels decreased after starting treatment.ConclusionHigher ALC and lower DCP levels after treatment initiation were associated with the clinical efficacy of Dur/Tre for advanced HCC.
Animal Models for Long COVID: Current Advances, Limitations, and Future Directions
Authors: Zhang Yu , Chen Huan , Li Yumeng , Luo Chenxi , Zhu Yunkai , Zhou Xiaoyang , Wang Ruixuan , He Jiuxiang , Guo Hongxia , Xu Xiaofeng , Qiu Minyue , Li Jintao 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTLong COVID (LC) represents a chronic, systemic, and often disabling condition that poses a significant ongoing threat to public health. Foundational scientific studies are needed to unravel the underlying mechanisms, with the ultimate goal of developing effective preventative and therapeutic strategies. Therefore, there is an urgent demand for animal models that can accurately replicate the clinical features of LC. This review integrates clinical epidemiological data to summarize the pathological changes in extrapulmonary systems involved in LC. Additionally, it critically examines the capacity of existing animal models, including nonhuman primates, genetically modified mice, and Syrian hamsters, to exhibit enduring postinfection symptoms that align with human clinical manifestations, and identifies key areas requiring further development. The objective is to offer insights that will aid in the development of next‐generation animal models, thereby accelerating our understanding of how acute respiratory viral infections transition into chronic conditions, and ensuring preparedness for future pandemics.
The Role of Digital Footprints for Destination Competitiveness and Engagement: Utilizing Mobile Technology for Tourist Segmentation Integrating Personality Traits
Authors: Moisa Delia Gabriela , Parapanos Demos , Heap Tim 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study presents a novel approach to tourism market segmentation by integrating personality traits to enhance traditional demographic methods. In partnership with Cumbria Tourism (local DMO), this study conducted in Cumbria, UK, home of the Lake District National Park, the research utilized 1217 quantitative surveys to analyse visitor personality traits, motivations, and activities. Through factor and cluster analysis, five unique visitor segments were identified: Reserved Explorers, Culturally Curious, Diligent Adventurers, Social Explorers, and Balanced Explorers. Each segment displayed distinctive traits, motivations, and activities, further supplemented by chi‐square tests that highlighted socio‐demographic differences. The findings underscore the value of incorporating personality traits through digital footprints for dynamic segmentation. This methodology not only offers deeper insights into visitor profiles, but it also aids in developing customized marketing strategies and products, determining activity preferences and providing a competitive edge for tourism destinations globally.
Quantification of mRNA Using 31P NMR Spectroscopy and CRAFT
Authors: Khirich Gennady , Noreika Vanessa A. , Catlin Kaitlyn Doolittle , Napolitano José G. , Russell David J. , Birkholz Oliver , Schumacher Jens , Haas Heinrich , Skidmore Ken 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMessenger RNA (mRNA) has emerged as a promising therapeutic modality in vaccine development due to its safety, efficacy, and rapid development potential. Reliable measurement and comparison of mRNA concentration in different chemical environments are crucial for research and manufacturing purposes. Conventionally, UV spectroscopy is used for quantification. However, variability in solution conditions, such as ionic strength, may influence the measurement of the UV absorbance at 260 nm, A260. This therefore necessitates accurate calibration of the extinction coefficient, ε, at a given set of solution conditions to the concentration of mRNA, as measured by an orthogonal and quantitative method. To that end, we utilized quantitative 31P NMR spectroscopy. We outline a general quantitative treatment of mRNA samples that may contain multiple polyadenylated mRNA sequences and show that the bias introduced by the method's assumptions into the measured mRNA concentrations is expected to be ≤ 4%. We also identified the limitations and subjectivities of accurate integration‐based measurement of broad mRNA resonances in the frequency domain through a mini round‐robin study. Quantification of broad mRNA signals using CRAFT in the time domain is shown to be superior to integration, as any subjectivity potentially introduced by the operator during spectral processing is obviated. This enables the use of 31P qNMR to accurately quantify total mRNA content and thus accurately calibrate mRNA extinction coefficients.
A Decomposition–Consolidation Model for the Production Behavior of Gas Hydrate‐Bearing Sediments
Authors: Ye Zhigang , Wang Lujun , Zhu Bin , Yuan Simin , Yan Bingfa , Guo Ronghan , Chen Yunmin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTNatural gas hydrates are the preferred alternative to traditional fossil fuels, estimated to store twice as much carbon. The gas hydrate‐bearing sediment (GHBS) is a representative degradable soil. During gas hydrate production, solid mass loss and pore liquid/gas generation occur, including both decomposition and consolidation processes of GHBS. These potentially trigger reservoir collapse, severely affecting production safety. This study develops a decomposition–consolidation model for GHBS, quantifying the solid hydrate loss by the kinetic decomposition equation and describing skeleton deformation via both modified elasticity and volumetric strain relationships. By linking hydrate saturation with the representative parameters of hydrate decomposition, mass migration, heat transfer, and skeleton deformation, decomposition degree and consolidation degree are respectively introduced to assess these processes. The decomposing and mechanical parameters are calibrated through triaxial/modeling tests. Results show that consolidation degree and decomposition degree are not synchronized in sandy hydrate‐bearing sediments, where depressurization‐induced variation of consolidation degree predominates in the early stage, while the evolution of consolidation degree lags behind decomposition degree for temperature recovery after complete hydrate decomposition; hydrate decomposition‐induced skeleton deformation, significant compared to pore pressure dissipation, remains crucial long after complete depressurization. These findings provide insights into optimizing safety of long‐term gas hydrate production.
New Semi‐Analytical Shell Elements
Authors: Li Jianghuai 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTNew semi‐analytical shell elements are developed using the scaled boundary finite element method. A shell element is treated as a three‐dimensional continuum whose midsurface, the generalized “boundary” of the continuum, is characterized with a quadrilateral spectral element. It is along the thickness direction ξ that the midsurface is scaled to represent the three‐dimensional geometry and that the analytical displacement solution is sought. Neumann expansion is used to approximate the inverse of the Jacobian as a quadratic matrix polynomial of ξ while the assumed natural strain method is applied to alleviate the shear and membrane locking. The virtual work principle considering body forces is utilized to derive the scaled boundary finite element equation, which is directly solved via the differential quadrature method. Numerical examples show that the shell elements with five displacement sampling points along ξ can efficiently analyze thin to very thick general shells.
Global cancer burden attributable to excess body weight, 1990 to 2021, decomposed by population size, aging, and epidemiological change
Authors: Feng Xiaoru , Li Ruoqian , Yi Hang , Chen Shuyi , Liu Meng , Wu You 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to estimate cancer burden attributable to excess body weight (EBW) and identify its main source.MethodsWe obtained relative risks from meta‐analyses, cancer and population data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021, and BMI prevalence data from the NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD‐RisC). We calculated the incidence of 11 cancers attributable to high BMI from 1990 to 2021, analyzed trends using joinpoint regression, and assessed cohort effects with the age‐period‐cohort model. Decomposition analysis was conducted by cancer‐specific risk factors and by population size, aging, and epidemiological changes.ResultsThe incidence of 11 EBW‐related cancers has increased from 1990 to 2021. Later‐born cohorts and older age groups had higher cancer incidence rates. High BMI was the top contributor to changes in cancer burden (15.96% of all disability‐adjusted life years [DALYs]), particularly in high Sociodemographic Index (SDI) regions. Colorectal, esophageal, and liver cancer had the highest burden due to high BMI (1,349,622; 1,284,385; and 944,616 DALYs, respectively). Epidemiological changes in BMI contributed to the rising DALY burden, ranging from 7.88% for postmenopausal breast cancer to 49.20% for liver cancer.ConclusionsThe rising prevalence of EBW contributed to the global cancer burden, showing a significant birth cohort effect. High BMI was the top contributing factor to obesity‐related cancers, surpassing other epidemiological risk factors.image
Management and Outcomes in Isolated Congenital Aqueductal Stenosis: A Single‐Center Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Sambatur Enaja V. , Qaderi Shohra , Soldatelli Matheus D. , Castillo Jonathan , Castillo Heidi , Northam Weston T. , Warf Benjamin C. , Chmait Ramen H. , Krispin Eyal , Grant Patricia Ellen , Shamshirsaz Alireza A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveOur objective was to investigate prenatal imaging findings, clinical course and outcomes associated with isolated congenital aqueductal stenosis (ICAS).MethodA retrospective study was conducted in the period of 2010–2023, including patients with ICAS confirmed postnatally who were imaged prenatally with ≥ 1 year of follow‐up. Patients with additional anomalies (structural or genetic) were excluded. Neurodevelopmental outcomes were verified by pediatricians, and imaging underwent standardized measurement by a neuroradiologist.ResultsTwenty‐one patients were prenatally diagnosed with ICAS, at a median gestational age (GA) of 19.7 weeks. Overall, 13/14 patients exhibited a fronto‐occipital horn ratio (FOHR) > 0.5, indicating clinically significant ventriculomegaly in initial MRI at 18–32 weeks GA. There was an increase in the median size of the third ventricular coronal width from 7 mm in prenatal imaging to 12 mm in postnatal imaging (p = 0.01). Twenty patients (95.2%) required shunting or endoscopic third ventriculostomy and bilateral choroid plexus cauterization (ETV/CPC), with 10 undergoing multiple CSF diversion procedures during follow‐up. Among the study group, nine patients experienced epilepsy, 6/8 aged < 5 years exhibited global developmental delay, and 6/12 aged ≥ 5 years required special education services.ConclusionOur findings indicate a progressive increase in prenatal ventricular sizes, with most children requiring hydrocephalus treatment and experiencing neurodevelopmental impairment.
Substance Use Related to School Dropout: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Zhu Dongxue , Wang Fan , Wang Shaojie , Cao Leilei , Tong Yingying , Xie Faliang , Wang Gengfu , Su Puyu 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTSubstance use among school dropou'ts is a growing global concern that has not been assessed through a meta‐analysis. This study aims to provide an overview of the relationship between school dropout and substance use. We searched the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PsychINFO, ERIC (EBSCO), MEDLINE (EBSCO), and CINAHL (EBSCO) databases for all studies up to April 22, 2024. Articles were pooled using a random effects model to estimate the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The results revealed that the risk of tobacco use among dropouts was 1.92 times higher compared to nonschool dropouts (1.92 [95% CI: 1.32, 2.79]), and 1.91 times higher for using drugs (1.91 [95% CI: 1.63, 2.23]). Subgroup analysis indicated that high school dropouts with a General Educational Development credential did not alleviate substance use (1.98 [95% CI: 1.57, 2.51]). The pooled effect of injecting drug use was higher than other drug use among dropouts (2.22 [95% CI: 1.85, 2.66]). Schools should provide timely attention to students at risk of dropping out, offer academic support and mental health services, and work closely with parents to mitigate the incidence of student dropout and substance use.
Mental Health and Personality Functioning of People With Probable Personality Disorder Who Have Coexisting Complex Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: McBride Sapphira , Goulden Nia , Barnicot Kirsten , Corrigan Kieron , Shen Sophie , Guillemard Serena , Effiom Violet , Harrison Gemma , Nyathi Lizwi , Charles Lyn , Pandya Snehal P. , Leeson Verity , Evans Rachel , Crawford Mike J. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper examines the prevalence and comorbidity of complex post‐traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD) among individuals with probable personality disorder, using baseline data from the Structured Psychological Support clinical trial. The clinical characteristics and personality functioning of participants are summarised and compared between those meeting criteria for BPD, CPTSD, both or neither condition. Among 292 participants, 97% reported significant trauma exposure, and over half met the criteria for CPTSD. Those with CPTSD exhibited higher levels of social dysfunction and depression compared with those with BPD, despite both groups showing elevated emotion dysregulation and anxiety. Comorbidity of CPTSD and BPD was high, with 50% of the sample meeting criteria for both conditions. Participants with comorbid CPTSD and BPD displayed poorer baseline scores across all measures of mental health and functioning than those who met criteria for BPD alone. No statistically significant differences were found in suicidal behaviour or treatment‐seeking between groups. There were no significant differences in International Classification of Diseases‐11 personality trait domains between participants with CPTSD and BPD, but people with comorbid CPTSD and BPD displayed higher levels of trait negative affectivity than those with BPD alone. The findings highlight the need for trauma‐informed assessments in clinical settings and a better understanding of the impact of CPTSD on treatment outcomes for people with personality disorder, including how existing treatments may need to be modified to better meet the needs of people with these highly comorbid conditions.Trial RegistrationCurrent controlled trials ISRCTN13918289 (registered 11/11/2022)