bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visual Attention and Poor Sleep Quality
Authors: Abdolalizadeh Amirhussein , Nabavi Samaneh 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundSleep deprivation disrupts visual attention; however, the effects of chronic poor sleep quality on it are not understood. The dorsal attention network (DAN) and the ventral attention network (VAN) are involved in visual attention and search (VSA), with the DAN being important for the serial attention network and the VAN for parallel “pop-out” visual search.ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to evaluate correlation of sleep quality with visual attention and search, functional, and tracts’ properties of the DAN and VAN.Materials and MethodsWe recruited 79 young male subjects and assessed their sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), dividing subjects into poor sleepers (PSs) and good sleepers (GSs) based on a cutoff of 5. Daytime sleepiness, sleep hygiene, depression, and anxiety levels were also evaluated. We assessed VSA using a computerized match-to-sample (MTS) task. We extracted functional networks and tracts of the VAN and DAN and statistically assessed group differences in task performance and imaging covarying age, depression, and anxiety. An interaction model with MTS × group was also done on imaging.ResultsIn total, 43.67% of subjects were PSs. Sleep quality significantly correlated with daytime sleepiness, sleep hygiene, depression, and anxiety (all p &lt; 0.001). No between-group differences were seen in task performance and functional or tract properties of the attention networks. Interaction analysis showed that the task performance was highly reliant on the DAN in PSs and on the VAN in GSs.ConclusionOur findings show no association between sleep quality and VSA in task performance and imaging correlates of the attention network. However, unlike the GS group, poor sleep quality is associated with VSA being more reliant on the DAN than on the VAN.
Amino Acid-Based Formula vs. Extensively Hydrolyzed Formula in the Treatment of Feeding Intolerance in Preterm Infants: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Zhong Qin , Lu Qi , Peng Nan , Liang Xiao-Hua 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundFeeding intolerance is a common problem in preterm infants, which is associated with an increased risk of infections, prolonged hospitalization, and increased economic costs. When human milk is not available, formula feeding is required. Amino acid-based formula and extensively hydrolyzed formula could be considered for use for severe feeding intolerance. A recent Cochrane meta-analysis found that preterm infants fed extensively hydrolyzed formula compared with standard formula could not reduce the risk of feeding intolerance and necrotizing enterocolitis, and weight gain was slower. Some studies reported that preterm infants fed amino acid-based formula could reduce the gastric residual volume. We hypothesize that amino acid-based formula can improve feeding intolerance and establish full enteral feeding more rapidly in preterm infants compared with extensively hydrolyzed formula.MethodThe randomized, prospective, controlled trial was conducted at the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Chongqing, China). A total of 190 preterm infants with gestational age &lt;32 weeks or birth weight &lt;1,500 g and with a diagnosis of feeding intolerance were included. Patients were randomized to an amino acid-based formula-fed group and an extensively hydrolyzed formula-fed group. The primary outcome is the time (days) to reach full enteral feedings. Secondary outcomes include duration of vomiting and abdominal distension, gastric residual volume, body weight, length and head circumference during hospitalization, length of hospital stay (days), cost of hospitalization, time (days) of parenteral nutrition, change of abdomen circumference, main serum parameters, and incidence of adverse events.DiscussionThe successful implementation of our study will provide robust evidence for formula alternatives in preterm infants with feeding intolerance.Clinical Trial Registrationwww.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT05347706.
A Synergistic Association Between Inflammation, Malnutrition, and Mortality in Patients With Diabetics
Authors: Wang Junjie , Chen Liling , Huang Zhidong , Lu Jin , Yang Yanfang , Zhao Xiaoli , Tu Jiabin , Pan Yuxiong , Bao Kunming , Chen Weihua , Xiu Jiaming , Liu Yong , Chen Longtian , Chen Shiqun , Chen Kaihong 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundAlthough inflammation is a known predictor for poor prognosis in patients with diabetics, few data report the synergistic association between inflammation, malnutrition, and mortality in patients with diabetics. We aim to explore whether malnutrition modifies the predictor of inflammation on prognosis.MethodsNutritional status and inflammation were measured in 6,682 patients with diabetics undergoing coronary angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention between January 2007 to December 2018 from Cardiorenal Improvement Registry. Malnutrition was defined as Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score, which was more than 1. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) exceeding the median was assessed as a high-risk inflammation. Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) for mortality across combined hs-CRP and CONUT score categories.ResultsDuring a median follow-up of 5.0 years (interquartile range: 3.0–7.6 years), 759 (11.36%) patients died. The mortality of the four groups (normal nutrition and low hs-CRP level; normal nutrition and high hs-CRP level; malnutrition and low hs-CRP level; and malnutrition and high hs-CRP level) were 7.29, 7.12, 10.71, and 17.31%, respectively. Compared with normal nutrition and low hs-CRP level, an isolated condition of either malnutrition or high hs-CRP level was not associated with any significant risk for all-cause mortality. However, concomitant presence of both high hs-CRP level and malnutrition condition was associated with a significantly increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 1.51; 95% CI: 1.20–1.89; p &lt; 0.001). The p-value for interaction between nutritional status and hs-CRP level on all-cause mortality was 0.03.ConclusionThe interplay of inflammation and malnutrition in patients with diabetics significantly amplifies the deleterious effects of each as distinct disease entities. A prospective randomized clinical trial is needed in the future to verify the results.
Segmental Bioimpedance Variables in Association With Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Doan Dieu Ni Thi , Ku Boncho , Kim Kahye , Jun Minho , Choi Kyu Yeong , Lee Kun Ho , Kim Jaeuk U. 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveTo examine the changes in body composition, water compartment, and bioimpedance in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) individuals.MethodsWe obtained seven whole-body composition variables and seven pairs of segmental body composition, water compartment, and impedance variables for the upper and lower extremities from the segmental multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) of 939 elderly participants, including 673 cognitively normal (CN) people and 266 individuals with MCI. Participants’ characteristics, anthropometric information, and the selected BIA variables were described and statistically compared between the CN participants and those with MCI. The correlations between the selected BIA variables and neuropsychological tests such as the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination and Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery – Second Edition were also examined before and after controlling for age and sex. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses with estimated odds ratios (ORs) were conducted to investigate the associations between these BIA variables and MCI prevalence for different sexes.ResultsParticipants with MCI were slightly older, more depressive, and had significantly poorer cognitive abilities when compared with the CN individuals. The partial correlations between the selected BIA variables and neuropsychological tests upon controlling for age and sex were not greatly significant. However, after accounting for age, sex, and the significant comorbidities, segmental lean mass, water volume, resistance, and reactance in the lower extremities were positively associated with MCI, with ORs [95% confidence interval (CI)] of 1.33 (1.02–1.71), 1.33 (1.03–1.72), 0.76 (0.62–0.92), and 0.79 (0.67–0.93), respectively; with presumably a shift of water from the intracellular area to extracellular space. After stratifying by sex, resistance and reactance in lower extremities remained significant only in the women group.ConclusionAn increase in segmental water along with segmental lean mass and a decrease in body cell strength due to an abnormal cellular water distribution demonstrated by reductions in resistance and reactance are associated with MCI prevalence, which are more pronounced in the lower extremities and in women. These characteristic changes in BIA variables may be considered as an early sign of cognitive impairment in the elderly population.
Effectiveness of Dietary Supplement for Skin Moisturizing in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Sun Qian , Wu Jingping , Qian Guofei , Cheng Hongbin 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundThe dietary supplement industry offers many oral cosmetics that purportedly assist in skin moisturization often with unclear evidence supporting efficacy and safety. To update the accessible proofs pertaining to the safety and effectiveness of oral dietary supplements to facilitate skin moisturizing via an all-around review and meta-analysis.MethodsThree on-line databases [Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane Library (CENTRAL)] were retrieved from January 2000 to November 2021. An overall 66 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of skin care were recognized. Meta-analysis was performed for dietary supplements with four or more available research.ResultsOral collagen or ceramide resulted in a statistically significant increase in skin hydration and a decrease in transepidermal water loss (TEWL) compared to placebo. No benefits regarding the improvement of skin conditions in terms of water content and TEWL were observed for lactic acid bacteria or Lactobacillus fermented foods. A statistically significant and positive effect on skin hydration was observed for both hyaluronan and procyanidin, with an unknown effect on TEWL due to insufficient RCTs. There was a non-significant improvement in the water content of stratum corneum for astaxanthin based on subgroup analyses. Among the dietary supplements trialed in ≤ 3 RCTs, the judgment regarding their effects on skin moisturizing was prevented by inconsistent conclusions as well as insufficient research. All food supplements were safe throughout the research (normally ≤ 24 weeks).ConclusionOral dietary supplements, including collagen, ceramides, hyaluronan, and procyanidin, were proven to be effective for skin moisturization. At present, for skin moisturization, the proofs supporting the recommendation of other dietary supplements, such as lactic acid bacteria and astaxanthin, are insufficient.Systematic Review Registrationhttp://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/ identifier CRD42021290818
High Expression of RECQL Protein in ER-Positive Breast Tumours Is Associated With a Better Survival
Authors: Mahmoodi Ardalan , Shoqafi Ahmed , Sun Ping , Giannakeas Vasily , Cybulski Cezary , Nofech-Mozes Sharon , Masson Jean-Yves , Sharma Sudha , Samani Amir Abbas , Madhusudan Srinivasan , Narod Steven A. , Akbari Mohammad R. 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundRECQL (also known as RECQ1 and RECQL1) is a gene of recent interest in breast cancer and an association between high levels of RECQL protein in breast cancer tumour cells and good survival of patients has been reported.MethodsTo validate this association, we measured the RECQL protein levels in tumours of 933 breast cancer patients using immunohistochemistry analysis and followed the patients for death from breast cancer.ResultsWomen with a level of RECQL protein above the 75th percentile had better 15-year disease-specific survival among ER-positive patients (62.5% vs. 48.7%, HR= 0.72, 95%CI= 0.52-0.98, p-value = 0.04), but not among ER- patients (48.9% vs. 48.0%, HR= 1.07, 95%CI= 0.67-1.69, p-value= 0.79). Among the ER-negative patients, high RECQL protein levels were associated with better survival among women who received tamoxifen treatment (67.0% vs. 51.5%, HR= 0.64, 95%CI= 0.41-0.99, p-value= 0.04).ConclusionRECQL might be a new predictive marker for tamoxifen treatment among ER-positive patients.
Feasibility Study on Predicting Recurrence Risk of Bladder Cancer Based on Radiomics Features of Multiphase CT Images
Authors: Qian Jing , Yang Ling , Hu Su , Gu Siqian , Ye Juan , Li Zhenkai , Du Hongdi , Shen Hailin 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundPredicting the recurrence risk of bladder cancer is crucial for the individualized clinical treatment of patients with bladder cancer.ObjectiveTo explore the radiomics based on multiphase CT images combined with clinical risk factors, and to further construct a radiomics-clinical model to predict the recurrence risk of bladder cancer within 2 years after surgery.MethodsPatients with bladder cancer who underwent surgical treatment at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2016 to December 2019 were retrospectively included and followed up to record the disease recurrence. A total of 183 patients were included in the study, and they were randomly divided into training group and validation group in a ratio of 7: 3. The three basic models which are plain scan, corticomedullary phase, and nephrographic phase as well as two combination models, namely, corticomedullary phase + nephrographic phase and plain scan + corticomedullary phase + nephrographic phase, were built with the logistic regression algorithm, and we selected the model with higher performance and calculated the Rad-score (radiomics score) of each patient. The clinical risk factors and Rad-score were screened by Cox univariate and multivariate proportional hazard models in turn to obtain the independent risk factors, then the radiomics-clinical model was constructed, and their performance was evaluated.ResultsOf the 183 patients included, 128 patients constituted the training group and 55 patients constituted the validation group. In terms of the radiomics-clinical model constructed by three independent risk factors—number of tumors, tumor grade, and Rad-score—the AUCs of the training group and validation group were 0.813 (95% CI 0.740–0.886) and 0.838 (95% CI 0.733–0.943), respectively. In the validation group, the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were 0.727, 0.739, and 0.719, respectively.ConclusionCombining with radiomics based on multiphase CT images and clinical risk factors, the radiomics-clinical model constructed to predict the recurrence risk of bladder cancer within 2 years after surgery had a good performance.
The Roles of Exosomal microRNAs in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Diagnosis, Prognosis, Clinical Application, and Biomolecular Mechanisms
Authors: Yazdanparast Somayeh , Huang Zoufang , Keramat Shayan , Izadirad Mehrdad , Li Yi-Dong , Bo Letao , Gharehbaghian Ahmad , Chen Zhe-Sheng 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundDiffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogeneous neoplasm and is characterized as the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Despite 60–70% of all patients being cured with R-CHOP therapeutic regimen (Cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone, combined with rituximab), remaining patients display aggressive disease. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers. Recently, exosomal miRNAs have been approved as novel biomarkers in DLBCL due to their potential involvement in lymphomagenesis.Material and MethodsWe conducted an investigation on the potential role of exosomal miRNAs as diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers in DLBCL in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science search engines. We searched by using a combination of keywords, such as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, DLBCL, miRNA, microRNA, miR, exosome, exosomes, exosomal, extracellular vesicles, EVs, and secretome. Then, search results were narrowed based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria.ResultsTwelve articles were eligible for our systematic reviews. Among them, nine discussed diagnostic biomarkers, three considered prognostic significance, four evaluated therapeutic efficacy, two studies were conducted in vitro, and three assessed molecular pathways associated with these exosomal miRNAs in DLBCL.DiscussionAccording to our systematic review, exosomal miRNAs are not only useful for diagnosis and prognosis in DLBCL but are also promising therapeutic tools and predictors of response to therapy. Although promising results so far, more research is required to develop innovative biomarkers.
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy With Low Acidic α-Glucosidase Activity: Two Case Reports and Literature Review
Authors: He Xiufang , Li Xuandi , Lin Yuese , Ba Hongjun , Peng Huimin , Zhang Lili , Zhu Ling , Qin Youzhen , Li Shujuan 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundPompe disease is usually considered in children with elevated creatine kinase (CK) levels and decreased acidic α-glucosidase (GAA) enzyme activity. However, there are exceptions, such as GAA pseudo deficiency alleles, which result in lower GAA enzyme activity but do not cause Pompe disease. Here, we report two cases presenting with high CK levels and low GAA activity who were ultimately diagnosed with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD).Case PresentationCase 1 patient was a 2-month-old boy who presented with an extremely high serum CK level (5,480∼11,880 U/L) and low GAA activity (2.72 nmol/1 h/mg). The whole-exome sequencing did not find the pathogenic GAA gene mutation, however, there was a DMD gene hemizygous variation (c. 7657C &gt; T, p. Arg2553Ter) inherited from his mother, which was verified by the first-generation sequencing. Further genetic analysis of GAA identified two homozygous pseudo deficiency alleles (c.1726G &gt; A, p. Gly576Ser and c.2065G &gt; A, p. Glu689Lys), which were believed to induce the patient’s low GAA activity. Therefore, the boy was diagnosed with DMD, although he had extremely low GAA activity. Case 2 patient was also a 2-month-old boy presenting with a significant increase in CK level (12,408∼24,828 U/L). His blood GAA activity (colorimetric method) was 9.02 nmol/1 h/mg. Similarly, his whole-exome sequencing did not find the pathogenic mutation of the GAA gene, but a DMD gene hemizygous variation (c.5571del, p. Lys1857AsnfsTer8), hence he was diagnosed with DMD as well. Regarding GAA activity, the case 2 patient was not as low as the case 1 patient, mainly because his two GAA pseudo deficiency alleles were heterozygous.ConclusionPompe disease is usually screened in infants with high CK levels. We should be aware that pseudo deficiency alleles can cause low GAA activities but not Pompe disease. Genetic tests would be helpful to distinguish cases with GAA pseudo deficiency alleles from patients with some muscular disorder diseases such as DMD.
A Comparative Study on Closed Reduction vs. Open Reduction Techniques in the Surgical Treatment of Rotated Lateral Condyle Fractures of the Distal Humerus in Children
Authors: Weng Liuqi , Cao Yujiang , Zhang Ge , Zhou Hai , Liu Xing , Zhang Yuan 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveThe best approach between closed reduction and open reduction in the treatment of total displaced and rotated LCFs is still being debated. This study aimed to comparatively evaluate the clinical outcomes and complications of closed reduction vs. open reduction in the treatment of displaced and rotated lateral condyle fractures in children.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated 46 children who underwent surgical treatment for totally displaced and rotated lateral condyle fractures. Thirty-one children underwent open reduction and percutaneous pinning (ORPP). Ten children underwent closed reduction and percutaneous pinning (CRPP). Five children were changed to ORPP procedures because of the failure of closed reduction attempts. Clinical outcomes and complications in the groups were compared.ResultsAmong three groups, no significant differences were found in demographic variables, and no differences were detected in the incidence of postoperative complications and clinical parameters. The ORPP group had the shortest surgical duration of the three groups (p &lt; 0.005). Patients in CRPP group had faster fracture healing than the patients who underwent open reduction procedures. However, the success of CRPP seemed to be dependent on the earlier surgical intervention.ConclusionORPP is still the first-line treatment for the totally displaced and rotated lateral condyle fractures because of its direct visualization of the joint surface and easy-to-accomplish characteristics. In addition, CRPP may be a feasible option for the treatment of this type of fractures because of it is less invasive and potentially minimizes complications. However, the technical difficulties of CRPP must be taken into account.
The Relationship Between Unexplained Chest Pain in Children and Head-Up Tilt Test
Authors: Wang Ying , Wang Shuo , Zou Runmei , Chen Siyang , Li Fang , Wang Yuwen , Xu Yi , Wang Cheng 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundTo explore the relationship between unexplained chest pain in children and head-up tilt test (HUTT).Materials and MethodsA total of 825 children with the main symptom of unexplained chest pain were admitted to the Specialist Outpatient Clinic of Children’s Cardiovascular Disease from October 2000 to November 2021 at The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University. Among them, 473 were male and 352 were female, with a mean age of 10.61 ± 2.21 years. The control group included 58 cases, comprising 35 males and 23 females, with a mean age of 10.26 ± 2.66 years. The detailed history, physical examinations, conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram, chest X-ray, echocardiography, myocardial enzymes, electroencephalogram, and blood series were all examined. Disorders of the chest wall, lung, heart, mediastinum, and esophageal reflux, as well as drug effects, were ruled out. All the children underwent HUTT. Demographic description, univariate analysis, and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to explore the possible linear or non-linear relationships between the children’s unexplained chest pain and HUTT.ResultsAmong the 825 chest pain cases, 301 (36.48%) were HUTT positive and 524 (63.52%) were HUTT negative. HUTT-positive patients were older than HUTT-negative patients (11.04 ± 2.03 vs. 10.34 ± 2.31 years, P &lt; 0.001). The logistic regression results showed that each year of age increased the probability of being HUTT positive by 17.90% (P &lt; 0.000), and females were 91.30% more likely to be HUTT positive than males (P &lt; 0.000).ConclusionClinically unexplained chest pain in children is mainly caused by unbalanced autonomic nervous function. HUTT can help clear the cause of unexplained chest pain.