bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The integration of sustainability in corporate governance systems: an innovative framework applied to the European systematically important banks
Authors: Dicuonzo Grazia , Donofrio Francesca , Iannuzzi Antonia Patrizia , Dell’Atti Vittorio 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe growing interest in corporate social responsibility (CSR) issues is the result of a cultural path that sees banks react to market changes and become protagonists of an increasingly sustainable future. Based on these considerations, this paper intends to investigate the level of integration of sustainability issues in banks’ corporate governance systems. We carry out an exploratory analysis on all European systematically important banks during the period 2015–2019. By adopting the content analysis approach, we develop a novel governance score based on a research model made up of 40 items. We name the score: “Bank’s governance ESG (Environmental Social Governance) integrated index”. The main results of our study reveal not only growing awareness of banks to integrate sustainability in their corporate governance, but also a strong heterogeneity in their corporate behaviours and large rooms for improvement. Indeed, we find that just over half of the surveyed banks pay really attention to the integration of sustainability issues in their business and governance processes. This contribution is especially driven by the banks’ boards of directors, whose size and composition contribute positively to overall sustainable performance. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first empirical study that investigates the level of integration of ESG factors in the banking sector, developing a quantitative score ranging from 0 to 100%. This study differs from previous studies in that it develops an “Bank’s governance ESG integrated index”, which considers the areas of corporate governance that have the greatest impact on the implementation of sustainable practices in banks. Our research is limited to investigating the level of integration of ESG factors for listed banks over a 5-year period. In fact, our time horizon is represented by the four-year period 2015–2019. This research has practical implications. First, investors more attentive on sustainability issues could identify and select the banks that best implement ESG criteria in their corporate governance systems. Second, our research model could be adopted by banks as a “diagnostic tool” to carry out a self-assessment process and identify possible room for improvement.
Existence of solutions of nonlinear elliptic equations with measure data in Musielak-Orlicz spaces
Authors: Kashnikova A. P. , Kozhevnikova L. M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A second-order quasilinear elliptic equation with a measure of special form on the right-hand side is considered. Restrictions on the structure of the equation are imposed in terms of a generalized

-function such that the conjugate function obeys the

-condition and the corresponding Musielak-Orlicz space is not necessarily reflexive. In an arbitrary domain satisfying the segment property, the existence of an entropy solution of the Dirichlet problem is proved. It is established that this solution is renormalized.
Bibliography: 29 titles.
A mitochondrial ADXR–ADX–P450 electron transport chain is essential for maternal gametophytic control of embryogenesis inArabidopsis
Authors: Bellido Andrés Martin , Distéfano Ayelén Mariana , Setzes Nicolás , Cascallares María Milagros , Oklestkova Jana , Novak Ondrej , Ramirez Javier Alberto , Zabaleta Eduardo J. , Fiol Diego F. , Pagnussat Gabriela C. 
Published: January 2022

SignificanceMitochondrial adrenodoxins (ADXs) are small iron–sulfur proteins that function as mobile shuttles transferring electrons. Their function has been largely known in animals, as they transfer electrons between an adrenodoxin reductase (ADXR) and mitochondrial P450s, which is a crucial step that leads to steroidogenesis. Here we show that a functional mitochondrial ADX–ADXR–P450 pathway is essential for steroid biosynthesis and that its function is required for plant sexual reproduction.
Skin-resident dendritic cells mediate postoperative pain via CCR4 on sensory neurons
Authors: Raymondi Silva Jaqueline , Iftinca Mircea , Fernandes Gomes Francisco I. , Segal Julia P. , Smith Olivia M. A. , Bannerman Courtney A. , Silva Mendes Atlante , Defaye Manon , Robinson Madeline E. C. , Gilron Ian , Mattar Cunha Thiago , Altier Christophe , Ghasemlou Nader 
Published: January 2022

Significance
Interactions between the nervous and immune systems control the generation and maintenance of inflammatory pain. However, the immune cells and mediators controlling this response remain poorly characterized. We identified the cytokines CCL22 and CCL17 as secreted mediators that act directly on sensory neurons to mediate postoperative pain via their shared receptor, CCR4. We also show that skin-resident dendritic cells are key contributors to the inflammatory pain response. Blocking the interaction between these dendritic cell–derived ligands and their receptor can abrogate the pain response, highlighting CCR4 antagonists as potentially effective therapies for postoperative pain. Our findings identify functions for these tissue-resident myeloid cells and uncover mechanisms underlying pain pathophysiology.
Attack of the critics
Authors: Szabó Lilla Petronella , Szabó Gabriella 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a case study of Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán’s delegitimisation discourse on the European Union in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic. We focused on how the EU and its member states were depicted metaphorically in PM Orbán’s weekly radio interviews. Relying on the discourse dynamics approach, we identified the metaphorical expressions the PM used to legitimise the crisis management of the Hungarian government and delegitimise critical comment from international voices in the context of the European Union. Our results showed that supranational bodies were depicted as authority figures and this image was reinforced by the use of particular verbal motifs. Rhetorical ambiguity was also found regarding Western Europe, whereas the notion of friendship was propagated when referring to the relationship between Hungary and the Visegrád countries Czechia, Poland, and Slovakia.
Derivation predicting inflection
Authors: Bonami Olivier , Pellegrini Matteo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the value of derivational information in predicting the inflectional behavior of lexemes. We focus on Latin, for which large-scale data on both inflection and derivation are easily available. We train boosting tree classifiers to predict the inflection class of verbs and nouns with and without different pieces of derivational information. For verbs, we also model inflectional behavior in a word-based fashion, training the same type of classifier to predict wordforms given knowledge of other wordforms of the same lexemes. We find that derivational information is indeed helpful, and document an asymmetry between the beginning and the end of words, in that the final element in a word is highly predictive, while prefixes prove to be uninformative. The results obtained with the word-based methodology also allow for a finer-grained description of the behavior of different pairs of cells.
Areal script form patterns with Chinese characteristics
Authors: Myers James 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIt has often been claimed that writing systems have formal grammars structurally analogous to those of spoken and signed phonology. This paper demonstrates one consequence of this analogy for Chinese script and the writing systems that it has influenced: as with phonology, areal script patterns include the borrowing of formal regularities, not just of formal elements or interpretive functions. Whether particular formal Chinese script regularities were borrowed, modified, or ignored also turns out not to depend on functional typology (in morphemic/syllabic Tangut script, moraic Japanese katakana, and featural/phonemic/syllabic Korean hangul) but on the benefits of making the borrowing system visually distinct from Chinese, the relative productivity of the regularities within Chinese character grammar, and the level at which the borrowing takes place.
Application of metabolomics to assess the intestinal response to dietary supplementation
Authors: Borzouie Shima , Rathgeber Bruce M. , MacLaren Leslie A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Recently, there has been increasing interest in the use of feed supplements for improving human and animal nutrition and health. Identification of nutrient biomarkers is a top priority to measure the biological and physiological effects of dietary components. Metabolomics is an objective and accurate tool to expand our knowledge of biological systems response to feed supplements by defining intestinal pathways and mechanisms. This review focuses on the impact of feed supplements on the host intestinal system and blood constituents, illustrating systemic changes in metabolic pathways and functionality. From scientific reports dealing with metabolomic data, the paper compiles evidence on feed additive effects on small intestine morphology, nutrient absorption, enzyme regulation and intestinal epithelium, as well as colon microbiota community. The review concentrates on the cellular and molecular functions to demonstrate the possible biological effects of feed supplements on health. The combinations of quantitative metabolomic assays are finding applications not only in animal and human nutritional sciences but also in agricultural, medical, and medicinal research.
The CCL-K11 on-going key comparison. Final report for the period 2018 to 2020
Authors: Matus M , Lipus L C , Hungwe F , Bantis C , Szikszai G , Zechner G 
Published: January 2022

Main text
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCL, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Comparison of liquid samples of density
Authors: Domostroyev A , Nabieva E , Moldaganapov U , Tabullo O , Chubara A 
Published: January 2022

Main text
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Rectifying and negative differential resistance in nonmetal-adsorbed black arsenic phosphorus
Authors: Gong Peng-Wei , Zhang Xiao-Lin , Liu Fang-Qi , Yao Kai-Lun , Zhu Si-Cong , Lu Yan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Recently, black arsenic phosphorus (b-AsP) has become a hot topic of two-dimensional materials research due to its high carrier mobility, tunability of the band gap in a wide range and excellent in-plane anisotropy. In this work, we use first-principle calculations to study the structural and electromagnetic properties of b-AsP with adsorbed nonmetal atoms such as B, C, N, O and F. Taking into account the great difference in the electromagnetic properties induced by adsorption of different kinds of nonmetal atoms on b-AsP, several rectifying device models are formulated. Analysis and calculations demonstrate that the device, consisting of an N atom adsorbed on b-AsP, has a rectification ratio of 105 and a negative differential resistance. According to our results, N-doped b-AsP can be used as a two-dimensional molecular rectifier and spin filter.
Sensitive visual detection of intracellular zinc ions based on signal-on polydopamine carbon dots
Authors: Ni Jiatong , Kong Lixiang , Tang Minglu , Song Yan , Zhao Junge , Wang Wenxin , Sun Tiedong , Wang Ying , Wang Lei 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The concentration of intracellular zinc ions is a significant clinical parameter for diagnosis. However, it is still a challenge for direct visual detection of zinc ions in cells at single-cell level. To address this issue, herein, water-soluble amino-rich polydopamine carbon quantum dots (PDA-CQDs) were successfully synthesized, with strong blue-green fluorescence as the probes for zinc ions detection in cells. The structure and properties of PDA-CQDs were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformed infrared (FT-IR), UV–visible spectrophotometry (UV–vis), and fluorescence spectroscopy. Importantly, by successfully linking salicylaldehyde (SA) to PDA-CQDs via nucleophilic reaction, the FL quenching and Zn ions induced FL-recovering system was built up, thus offering a signal-on platform for the detection of zinc ions. This PDA-CQDs-SA nanoprobe can be applied for the detection of Zn2+ with a detection limit of 0.09 μM, with good biocompatibility confirmed using cytotoxicity assay. Of significance, the results of fluorescence bioimaging showed that PDA-CQDs-SA is able to detect Zn2+ in single-cell visually, with the detection limit of Zn ions in cells as low as 0.11 μM per cell, which was confirmed using flow cytometry. Therefore, this work offers a potential probe for Zn2+ detection in cells at single-cell level, towards the precise diagnosis of zinc ions related diseases.
A skyrmion content-addressable cell for skyrmion magnetic memories
Authors: Gnoli Luca , Riente Fabrizio 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Content-addressable memories (CAMs) allow searching a pattern, processing in parallel all the data stored. Beyond-CMOS technologies can provide new opportunities to improve CAM memories implementations both at the device and architectural level. In this article, we propose a ternary content-addressable memory cell based on skyrmion technology. The proposed memory cell is based on skyrmion racetrack memory. The cell is able to signal if the bit contained in the cell in form of skyrmion corresponds to an electrical input, the target of the search operation. The proposed design, verified by means of micromagnetic simulations, has an area of 0.054 μm2 and can perform a search operation in 3.3 ns with an energy of 10.5 fJ. The operation performed is non-destructive and does not require conversion between the magnetic and the electronic domains. For this reason, the designed cell has the potential to be used as a basic block for non-volatile CAM memories. Here, we propose also a layout structure to implement a CAM memory employing the proposed cell. This structure allows to achieve memory density comparable to traditional racetrack memories and execute at the same time CAM operations.
Automatic contouring of normal tissues with deep learning for preclinical radiation studies
Authors: Lappas Georgios , Wolfs Cecile J A , Staut Nick , Lieuwes Natasja G , Biemans Rianne , van Hoof Stefan J , Dubois Ludwig J , Verhaegen Frank 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Objective. Delineation of relevant normal tissues is a bottleneck in image-guided precision radiotherapy workflows for small animals. A deep learning (DL) model for automatic contouring using standardized 3D micro cone-beam CT (μCBCT) volumes as input is proposed, to provide a fully automatic, generalizable method for normal tissue contouring in preclinical studies. Approach. A 3D U-net was trained to contour organs in the head (whole brain, left/right brain hemisphere, left/right eye) and thorax (complete lungs, left/right lung, heart, spinal cord, thorax bone) regions. As an important preprocessing step, Hounsfield units (HUs) were converted to mass density (MD) values, to remove the energy dependency of the μCBCT scanner and improve generalizability of the DL model. Model performance was evaluated quantitatively by Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), mean surface distance (MSD), 95th percentile Hausdorff distance (HD95p), and center of mass displacement (ΔCoM). For qualitative assessment, DL-generated contours (for 40 and 80 kV images) were scored (0: unacceptable, manual re-contouring needed - 5: no adjustments needed). An uncertainty analysis using Monte Carlo dropout uncertainty was performed for delineation of the heart. Main results. The proposed DL model and accompanying preprocessing method provide high quality contours, with in general median DSC > 0.85, MSD < 0.25 mm, HD95p < 1 mm and ΔCoM < 0.5 mm. The qualitative assessment showed very few contours needed manual adaptations (40 kV: 20/155 contours, 80 kV: 3/155 contours). The uncertainty of the DL model is small (within 2%). Significance. A DL-based model dedicated to preclinical studies has been developed for multi-organ segmentation in two body sites. For the first time, a method independent of image acquisition parameters has been quantitatively evaluated, resulting in sub-millimeter performance, while qualitative assessment demonstrated the high quality of the DL-generated contours. The uncertainty analysis additionally showed that inherent model variability is low.
A dynamic blood flow model to compute absorbed dose to circulating blood and lymphocytes in liver external beam radiotherapy
Authors: Xing Shu , Shin Jungwook , Pursley Jennifer , Correa-Alfonso Camilo M , Depauw Nicolas , Domal Sean , Withrow Julia , Bolch Wesley , Grassberger Clemens , Paganetti Harald 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We have developed a novel 4D dynamic liver blood flow model, capable of accurate dose estimation to circulating blood cells during liver-directed external beam radiotherapy, accounting for blood recirculation and radiation delivery time structure. Adult male and adult female liver computational phantoms with detailed vascular trees were developed to include the hepatic arterial, hepatic portal venous, and hepatic venous trees. A discrete time Markov Chain approach was applied to determine the spatiotemporal distribution of 105 blood particles (BP) in the human body based on reference values for cardiac output and organ blood volumes. For BPs entering the liver, an explicit Monte Carlo simulation was implemented to track their propagation along ∼2000 distinct vascular pathways through the liver. The model tracks accumulated absorbed dose from time-dependent radiation fields with a 0.1 s time resolution. The computational model was then evaluated for 3 male and 3 female patients receiving photon (VMAT and IMRT) and proton (passive SOBP and active PBS) treatments. The dosimetric impact of treatment modality, delivery time, and fractionation on circulating blood cells was investigated and quantified using the mean dose (

μ

dose
,
b

), V

>0Gy, V

>0.125Gy, and D
2%. Average reductions in

μ

dose
,
b

,

V

>0Gy, V

>0.125Gy and D
2% of 45%, 6%, 53%, 19% respectively, were observed for proton treatments as compared to photon treatments. Our simulation also showed that V

>0Gy, V

>0.125Gy, and D
2% were highly sensitive to the beam-on time. Both V

>0Gy and V

>0.125Gy increased with beam-on time, whereas D
2% decreased with increasing beam-on time, demonstrating the tradeoff between low dose to a large fraction of blood cells and high dose to a small fraction of blood cells. Consequently, proton treatments are not necessarily advantageous in terms of dose to the blood simply based on integral dose considerations. Instead, both integral dose and beam-on time can substantially impact relevant dosimetric indices.
Comparison of laser induced breakdown spectroscopy and fast ICCD imaging for spatial and time resolved measurements of atmospheric pressure helium plasma jet
Authors: Maletić Dejan , Popović Dean , Puač Nevena , Petrović Zoran Lj , Milošević Slobodan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this paper we compared the fast Intensified Charge Coupled Device (ICCD) imaging with the newly developed diagnostic method that utilizes laser induced breakdown in plasma jet. Our helium plasma jet was powered by an 80 kHz high-voltage sine wave and propagated into the ambient air. Pulsed laser beam 1064 nm (4 ns pulse duration and 5 Hz repetition rate) was focused with the lens into the plasma jet at energy below breakdown threshold in helium. Laser pulses and the jet powering signal were synchronized. Laser induced plasma is highly dependent on the concentration of seed electrons and other charged particles in the plasma jet channel. We compared the radial profiles of the plasma jet obtained with these two methods. For laser induced breakdown it was ±0.5 mm and for ICCD measurement it was ±1.75 mm, while the ionization wave velocities obtained with these two methods were 15 km s−1 and 20 km s−1 respectively. Electrical characteristics of the plasma jet were also presented and one can see a large hysteresis effect when the applied power to the plasma jet was reducing. We show that the laser induced breakdown spectroscopy can be used as a complementary diagnostics technique with ICCD measurements.
Computation and experimental results on spectroscopic and physicochemical properties of efficient piperidine driven passive optical limiting material
Authors: Prathebha K , Raju K , Hegde Tejaswi Ashok , Vinitha G 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The computation and experimental results on structural, mechanical, thermal, linear, and third order nonlinear optical properties of an organic material 4-methyl-N-((1-(4-methylbenzoyl)piperidin-4-yl)methyl)-benzamide (1) for an efficient optical limiting application with easy preparation and decent performance are presented. Its response to single-crystal x-ray diffraction allowed to investigate the molecular structure of 1, which is optimized using computational density functional theory at the B3LYP/6-311G** level. Calculated frontier molecular orbitals and Mulliken charge are served to realize the intramolecular charge transfer in 1 and its electronegative nature responsible for optical nonlinearity. Hirshfeld analysis investigated the structural property and the magnitude of interatomic and molecular interactions to help understand structure-property relation. The FTIR and NMR spectroscopic study further confirmed the formation of 1 and the vibrational states of its functional group. The title crystal showed acceptable thermal (stable up to 130 °C) and mechanical (stable up to 50 grams of applied load) stability, which is optimal for laser device applications. With an optical bandgap of 4.32 eV, the title material possesses much less linear optical absorption across the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The nonlinear optical absorption (β), nonlinear refractive index (n
2) and third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility (χ
(3)) values are measured as (0.0139 ± 0.001) × 10−4 cmW−1, (1.49 ± 0.05) × 10−10 cm2W−1 and (4.2 ± 0.3) × 10−8 esu respectively shows that the title molecule is third-order nonlinear optical active. The onset optical limiting threshold value is determined as (7.092 ± 0.01)×103 Wcm−2 for 532 nm, continuous-wave laser irradiation indicating that the title material is a good candidate for the optical limiting application.