Characteristic of the uncontrolled hypertension course in patients of the aral sea region with uncomplicated hypertensive crisis
Authors: Sadulloeva M , Khamidullaeva G A , Abdullaeva G J , Ataniyazov K H H , Safarov J B 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Purpose
To study the features of the course of uncontrolled arterial hypertension (AH) in the Aral Sea region with the identification of the prevalence of various genotypes of the angiotensinogen (AGT) gene in patients with uncomplicated hypertensive crisis.

Methods
The genetic part included 94 patients with uncomplicated hypertensive crisis, an average age of 55.3±8.6 years, 54 (58.3%)women and 40 men (41.7%). The control group consisted of 50 healthy women and men, an average age of 52.7±6.4 years in equal proportion. The genetic study was carried out by real-time PCR with the determination of the prevalence of genotypes and alleles of genetic polymorphisms AGT 521 C&gt;T, AGT 704 T&gt;C.

Results
Patients with uncomplicated hypertensive crisis were characterized by LV hypertrophy, thickening of the intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery, and kidney damage. Henken's test showed that patients with AH require a significantly higher concentration of table salt to determine the threshold of taste sensitivity than in the control group: 0.51±0.17% versus 0.21±0.14% concentration of NaCl. The distribution of 704T&gt;C genotypes of the AGT gene polymorphism was as follows: CC genotype 43.6%, CT genotype 45.8%, TT genotype 10.6% of cases, χ2=32.777, p=0.000; C allele – 66.5%, T allele - 33.5% of cases, χ2=40.894, p=0.000. Among healthy individuals, the distribution by genotypes showed a significant predominance of the CC genotype: CC 76%, CT 24%, TT genotype was not detected in the presented sample, χ2=67.92, p=0.000; C-allele 88%, T-allele 12%, χ2=115.52, p=0.000. The above data of the group of patients and healthy people corresponded to the theoretical Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The distribution of 521T&gt;C genotypes of the AGT gene polymorphism among AH patients was as follows: CC genotype – 79.8%, CT genotype – 16%, TT genotype – 4.2% of cases, χ2=139.8, p=0.000; C-allele – 87.8%, T-allele – 12.2%, χ2=214.5, p=0.000. Among healthy individuals, a significant predominance of the CT genotype was shown: CC genotype – 40%, CT genotype – 60% of cases, χ2=42.0, p=0.000; C-allele – 70%, T-allele – 30%, χ2=32.0, p=0.000. The above data of the group of patients and healthy people did not correspond to the theoretical Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium

Conclusion
Patients with uncomplicated hypertensive crisis, living in the aral sea region, are characterized by severe damage of target organs, a high threshold of taste sensitivity to table salt. Based on genetic models of inheritance, a significant prevalence of the C-allele and CC genotype 704 T&gt;C AGT gene polymorphism in healthy individuals was revealed, which characterizes the C-allele and CC genotype as protective against AH in people of the Aral Sea region. Significantly greater accumulation of the C-allele 521 C&gt;T polymorphism of the AGT gene among AH patients is a factor of predisposition to a complicated course of AH in people of the aral sea region.

Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.