bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of lateral soft tissue release in percutaneous hallux valgus surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature
Authors: Izzo Antonio , Vallefuoco Salvatore , Basso Morena Anna , Ray Robbie , Smeraglia Francesco , Cozzolino Andrea , Mariconda Massimo , Bernasconi Alessio 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
It is unclear whether lateral soft tissue release (LSTR) is required as part of percutaneous hallux valgus (PHV) surgery. The primary aim of this systematic review was to assess whether LSTR reduces the risk of recurrence of hallux valgus deformity. The secondary aims were to assess if LSTR increases the risk of complications, improves the clinical outcome and leads to a greater radiographic correction.

Methods
We performed a PRISMA-compliant PROSPERO-registered systematic review, pooling clinical papers reporting results after PHV surgery into two categories (PHV with (Group 1, G1) and without LSTR (Group 2, G2)) and comparing them. Data regarding the study design, demographics, the surgical procedure and the clinical and radiological outcome were extracted and compared. Risk of bias was assessed using the modified Coleman Methodology Score (mCMS).

Results
Sixteen studies were selected (G1:594 feet; G2:553 feet). The pooled proportion of recurrence at a minimum 21-month follow-up (2%, 95%CI 0–3 vs 2%, 95%CI 0–5; p = 0.70) did not differ in the two groups. Similarly, the pooled proportion of complications (27%, 95%CI 17–38 vs 25%, 95%CI 12–37; p = 0.79) was similar. The pre- (p = 0.23) and post-operative AOFAS scores (p = 0.16), the pre-(HVA: p = 0.23) (IMA: p = 0.94) and post-operative radiological angles (HVA: p = 0.47) (IMA: p = 0.2) and the methodological quality of studies (p = 0.2) did not differ either between G1 and G2.

Conclusion
There is no evidence that LSTR performed during percutaneous HV surgery reduces the risk of recurrence of the deformity at a mean 4-year follow-up nor improves the clinical and radiological outcome.

Level of evidence
Level IV systematic review of Level I to IV studies.
Microbiome–gut–brain dysfunction in prodromal and symptomatic Lewy body diseases
Authors: Ryman Sephira , Vakhtin Andrei A. , Richardson Sarah Pirio , Lin Henry C. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLewy body diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies, vary in their clinical phenotype but exhibit the same defining pathological feature, α-synuclein aggregation. Microbiome–gut–brain dysfunction may play a role in the initiation or progression of disease processes, though there are multiple potential mechanisms. We discuss the need to evaluate gastrointestinal mechanisms of pathogenesis across Lewy body diseases, as disease mechanisms likely span across diagnostic categories and a ‘body first’ clinical syndrome may better account for the heterogeneity of clinical presentations across the disorders. We discuss two primary hypotheses that suggest that either α-synuclein aggregation occurs in the gut and spreads in a prion-like fashion to the brain or systemic inflammatory processes driven by gastrointestinal dysfunction contribute to the pathophysiology of Lewy body diseases. Both of these hypotheses posit that dysbiosis and intestinal permeability are key mechanisms and potential treatment targets. Ultimately, this work can identify early interventions targeting initial disease pathogenic processes before the development of overt motor and cognitive symptoms.
Challenges for ATM management in times of market variability caused by the COVID-19 pandemic crisi
Authors: Suder Marcin , Wójtowicz Tomasz , Kusa Rafał , Gurgul Henryk 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOne of the most important issues related to the management of an Automatic Teller Machine (ATM) network is the correct forecasting of the demand for cash. Typically, this demand, expressed as the value or number of ATM withdrawals, has some regularities that can be used to evaluate future values for these variables. However, forecasting becomes a challenge when a crisis occurs that could affect the behavior of ATM users. In this context, it is important to identify how the development of the crisis and the various information concerning it may affect people’s attitudes to cash.This study aims to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the behavior of ATM customers. On the basis of daily data from 81 ATMs, we analyze the changes in the value and number of withdrawals just before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland. An event study analysis allows us to determine precisely the moments in which changes in user behavior took place. This means that it is also possible to examine the reaction of ATM users to the announcement and implementation of the pandemic restrictions, and to determine the factors that had an impact on the change in people’s attitude to cash. Such a study is also important from a sociological point of view, as it enables one to understand people’s reactions to the emerging crisis. Hence, its results may be useful not only for managers of ATM networks, but also for various authorities and policy makers.
Management and prognosis of pediatric status epilepticus
Authors: Swarnalingam Eroshini , Woodward Kristine , Esser Micheal , Jacobs Julia 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Pediatric status epilepticus is a neurological emergency with the potential for severe developmental and neurological consequences. Prompt diagnosis and management are necessary.

Objectives
To outline the existing best available evidence for managing pediatric and neonatal status epilepticus, in the light of emerging randomized controlled studies. We also focus on short and long-term prognoses.

Materials and methods
This is a systematic overview of the existing literature.

Results
Status epilepticus, its treatment, and prognosis are usually based on the continuation of seizure activity at 5 and 30 min. Refractory and super-refractory status epilepticus further complicates management and requires continuous EEG monitoring with regular reassessment and adjustment of therapy. Benzodiazepines have been accepted as the first line of treatment on the basis of reasonable evidence. Emerging randomized controlled trials demonstrate equal efficacy for parenterally administered phenytoin, levetiracetam, and valproic acid as second-line agents. Beyond this, the evidence for third-line options is sparse. However, encouraging evidence for midazolam and ketamine exists with further data required for immunological, dietary, and surgical interventions.

Conclusion
Our overview of the management of pediatric and neonatal status epilepticus based on available evidence emphasizes the need for evidence-based guidelines to manage status epilepticus that fails to respond to second-line treatment.
Heavy Metal and Drought Stress in Plants: The Role of Microbes—A Review
Authors: Islam Monirul , Sandhi Arifin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPlants are composed of complex organisms that include morphological, physiological and biochemical segments. A number of environmental factors such as, heavy metals, drought, salinity, heat, and cold cause stress towards plants and impact on their growth and yield values. Heavy metal contamination and drought are considered to be two significant environmental (abiotic) factors that are receiving increased attention due their effects on plants. Many plant species from previously non-drought prone areas now face drought as a new stress factor and must develop their avoidance mechanisms. Comparing drought-related tolerance strategies, plants have developed a number of strategies to fight against heavy metal pollution due to its wide coverage. These heavy metal tolerance strategies include detoxification, compartmentalization, and storage in cell vacuoles in plants. Few similarities have been found in the mechanisms of both drought and heavy metal strategies. The use of beneficial microbes is considered as one of the most promising methods to improve stress tolerance because plant-associated microbes decrease metal accumulation while enhancing nutrient supply and water under such stress. In this review, we summarize how drought and heavy metals contamination effect on plant growth, with particular focus on stress avoidance and tolerance mechanisms, as well as, the role of microbes to enhance stress tolerance. Recommendations including irrigation, fertilization and molecular techniques to increase the plant’s tolerance mechanisms against heavy metal and drought conditions are also discussed.
Effect of Carbon Nanoparticles in Biochar and Sulphur as a Foliar Spray on Onion Plants: A New Orientation
Authors: Mahmoud S. H. , El-Tanahy A. M. M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBiochar contains raw carbon nanoparticles. Water-soluble dried carbon powder nanoparticles (wsCNPs) isolated from leftover biomass (waste stems and roots) in agricultural land can enhance the overall growth rate of onion (Allium cepa L.) plants. Field experiments conducted in 2017–2018 and 2018–2019 aimed to evaluate the effect of wsCNPs and sulfur as a foliar spray on vegetative growth, yield, and some nutritional values of onion plants. The biochar used in the study solution, namely, wsCNPs, was applied at 300, 400, and 500 mg/L incorporated with three levels of 2.5, 3.5, and 4.5 g/L of sulfur (Thiovit, 80%) as a foliar spray. Results indicated that treated plants with all levels of wsCNPs and sulfur had significantly higher values of vegetative growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, yield, bulb quality, and phytochemical compounds compared with untreated plants. Using the highest foliar spray level of wsCNPs and sulfur obtained significant results for all evaluated characteristics among other levels. This increment was more pronounced when wsCNPs and sulfur were combined, indicating that spraying is a useful agriculture and eco-friendly practice for sustainable crop production.
Material properties and water resistance of inorganic–organic polymer coated cellulose paper and nanopaper
Authors: Solberg Amalie , Zehner Jennifer , Somorowsky Ferdinand , Rose Klaus , Korpela Antti , Syverud Kristin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCellulose-based materials represent a renewable, biodegradable, and environmentally friendly alternative to plastic from fossil resources. Nanopaper is a strong and lightweight material formed from cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs). Paper and nanopaper have been considered as excellent alternatives to plastics for use in agriculture and for packaging applications. However, common for both paper and nanopaper is their hydrophilic character, and consequently, poor water-resistance properties. ORMOCER®s are a class of inorganic–organic polymers with excellent barrier and protective properties used for a range of coating applications. Here we present ORMOCER®-coated paper and nanopaper. The coated papers and nanopapers are characterized, both in terms of their morphology, hydrophobicity, and mechanical properties. We demonstrate that the pressure used during the pressing and drying of paper and nanopaper influence their tear and tensile—properties, and that the morphology of the coated nanopaper differs significantly from that of the coated paper. While the ORMOCER® was impregnated within the porous network of the paper, a well-defined two-layered morphology was obtained with the coated nanopaper. Further, the biodegradability of the nanopaper with and without coating was assessed. The degradation study demonstrated that both the pressure used during the pressing and drying of the nanopaper, and the composition of the ORMOCER®, influenced the rate of degradation. Taken together, ORMOCER®-coated paper and nanopaper are promising for the preparation of materials that are both water-resistant, renewable, and biodegradable.
Composition, Structure, and Techno-Functional Characteristics of the Flour, Protein Concentrate, and Protein Isolate from Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) Seeds
Authors: Rayan Ahmed M. , Swailam Hesham M. , Hamed Yahya S. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
One potential avenue to increase the production of valuable protein ingredients for the food industry is developing vegetable proteins from non-traditional plant sources. In the present study, the composition, structure and techno-functional characteristics of defatted purslane flour (DF), protein concentrate (PC), and protein isolate (AP) were investigated. The results revealed that DF, PC, and PI contained low levels of moisture, ash, and fat. However, there were significant differences (P < 0.05) in protein content between DF, PC, and PI (32.9, 60.8 and 90.9%, respectively). The techno-functional characteristics of purslane proteins were enhanced by processing purslane flour into PC and PI products. Furthermore, the ratios of total essential amino acids to total amino acids in purslane protein samples were well above that stated for ideal food proteins. SDS-PAGE analysis indicated three subunits of protein in DF, PC, and PI. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that DF exhibited a compact-like structure; PC had a small, flaky, but porous type of particle, and PI had an intact flake-like structure. The FTIR analysis revealed that some alterations in the secondary structure of protein were occurred. In summary, purslane proteins can be considered new functional food ingredients with different nutritional and technological characteristics.
Predictive validity of an indicator of exposure to unfavorable ergonomic working conditions on work-related musculoskeletal disorders
Authors: Fontana Dario , Ardito Chiara , Costa Giuseppe , Boschetto Barbara , d’Errico Angelo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractResearchers have long documented a significant association between exposure to unfavorable working conditions and poorer occupational health and safety. However, measures of occupational exposures are often lacking from national and international surveys. Drawing on research on job-exposures matrices (JEMs) and exploiting the Italian O*NET, we construct a new indicator of exposure to ergonomic unfavorable conditions at work (Ergo-Index) and we test its predictive power on the incidence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Exploiting 5-years of administrative archives of the Italian National Workers Compensation Institute and running a set of negative binomial regression models, we find a very strong association between the Ergo-Index and the incidence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSD). Compared to the least exposed category (Ergo-Index < p25), the risk of WRMSD was 60–70 times higher in the highest exposure group (Ergo-Index > p75) for notified WRMSD, and almost 250 times higher for compensated WRMSD. Hence, the Ergo-Index strongly predicts the occurrence of occupational musculoskeletal disorders and could be used to assign work exposures in studies where occupation is available and for priority setting of ergonomic hazards control.
Development of the Patient Scale of the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) 3.0: a qualitative study
Authors: Carrière M. E. , Mokkink L. B. , Tyack Z. , Westerman M. J. , Pijpe A. , Pleat J. , van de Kar A. L. , Brown J. , de Vet H. C. W. , van Zuijlen P. P. M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) is widely used for measurements of scar quality. This encompasses visual, tactile and sensory characteristics of the scar. The Patient Scale of previous POSAS versions was lacking input from patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop the POSAS3.0, Patient Scale with involvement of adults patients with all scar types, complying with the highest clinimetric standards.

Methods
From February 2018 to April 2019, a series of six focus group interviews were performed in the Netherlands and Australia to identify scar quality characteristics that adults with scars consider to be important. All focus groups were transcribed, anonymized and analysed using a thematic analysis. Relevant characteristics were formulated into items, resulting in a Dutch and English version of the Patient Scale. These drafts were pilot tested in Australia, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, and refined accordingly.

Results
A total of 21 relevant scar quality characteristics were identified during the focus groups. Two distinct versions of the POSAS3.0, Patient Scale were developed. The Generic version contains 16 items and can be used for all scar types, except linear scars. The Linear Scar version of the Patient Scale contains the same 16 items, with an extra item referring to the widening of scar margins. All included items are rated on a verbal rating scale with five response options.

Conclusion
Two versions of the POSAS3.0 Patient Scale were developed. Further field tests are being performed to establish the measurement properties and scoring algorithm of the scales.
CEO power and CSR-linked compensation for corporate environmental responsibility: UK evidence
Authors: Al-Shaer Habiba , Albitar Khaldoon , Liu Jia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper examines how CEO power and CSR-linked compensation influences environmental performance. We investigate the role of CEO managerial power (proxied by CEO duality and the presence of executive directors on the board), and CEO legitimate power (proxied by CEO tenure), adopting three measures of environmental performance, including the environmental scores, carbon emission scores and a composite index assessing the level of a firm’s engagement in several environmental practices. Analysing a sample of FTSE-All-Share companies for the period 2011–2019, we find that CEOs who receive compensation from engagement in environmental activities are motivated to improve environmental performance. Moreover, newly appointed CEOs engage more in environmental initiatives, suggesting that they use it as a signal to mitigate career concerns in their early tenure, whereas CEOs with managerial power engage less in environmental projects due to the costs associated with them. These effects are stronger in firms with independent and diverse boards, firms operating in the environmentally sensitive sectors and non-loss-making firms. This study provides original evidence of the role of environmental-linked incentives and managerial power in managing environmental impact and optimising the environmental performance of their companies.
Effect of Pore Space Stagnant Zones on Interphase Mass Transfer in Porous Media, for Two-Phase Flow Conditions
Authors: Gao H. , Tatomir A. B. , Karadimitriou N. K. , Steeb H. , Sauter M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractInterphase mass transfer is an important solute transport process in two-phase flow in porous media. During two-phase flow, hydrodynamically stagnant and flowing zones are formed, with the stagnant ones being adjacent to the interfaces through which the interphase mass transfer happens. Due to the existence of these stagnant zones in the vicinity of the interface, the mass transfer coefficient decreases to a certain extent. There seems to be a phenomenological correlation between the mass transfer coefficient and the extent of the stagnant zone which, however, is not yet fully understood. In this study, the phase-field method-based continuous species transfer model is applied to simulate the interphase mass transfer of a dissolved species from the immobile, residual, non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) to the flowing aqueous phase. Both scenarios, this of a simple cavity and this of a porous medium, are investigated. The effects of flow rates on the mass transfer coefficient are significantly reduced when the stagnant zone and the diffusion length are larger. It is found that the stagnant zone saturation can be a proxy of the overall diffusion length of the terminal menisci in the porous medium system. The early-stage mass transfer coefficient continuously decreases due to the depletion of the solute in the small NAPL clusters that are in direct contact with the flowing water. The long-term mass transfer mainly happens on the interfaces associated with large NAPL clusters with larger diffusion lengths, and the mass transfer coefficient is mainly determined by the stagnant zone saturation.
Head arteries of the red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris)
Authors: Zdun Maciej , Ruszkowski Jakub J. , Hetman Mateusz , Felsmann Mariusz Z. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris) is a medium-sized rodent protected in most of Europe. The present study aimed to investigate and describe the arterial vascularization of the head of the adult red squirrel. In the study, 48 specimens of adult red squirrels were used. The first preparation method used in the study was corrosion casting using a stained solution of the chemo-setting acrylic material injected into bilateral common carotid arteries resulting in corrosion castings of the vessels on a bone scaffold. The second method was injecting liquid-stained latex into both common carotid arteries. It resulted in a stained arterial vessel on fixed soft tissue preparations. The main vessels providing blood to the head were paired with common carotid arteries that divide into external and internal carotid arteries. The internal carotid artery passes into the stapedial artery. After giving its branches, the stapedial artery exits the cranial cavity through the sphenofrontal foramen and enters the orbit. The suborbital and the mandibular regions were supplied by the maxillary artery, linguofacial trunk, and their branches. Description of the detailed anatomy of the head arteries in red squirrels may contribute to establishing diagnostic and treatment protocols for wildlife rehabilitation centers, which may be crucial since red squirrels are endangered by the spreading of invasive Eastern gray squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis) in Europe. It may also contribute to veterinary care for other members of the Sciuridae family kept as pets.
DNA methylation is enhanced during Cd hyperaccumulation in Noccaea caerulescens ecotype Ganges
Authors: Galati Serena , DalCorso Giovanni , Furini Antonella , Fragni Rosaria , Maccari Chiara , Mozzoni Paola , Giannelli Gianluigi , Buschini Annamaria , Visioli Giovanna 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this study, we assess the DNA damage occurring in response to cadmium (Cd) in the Cd hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens Ganges (GA) vs the non-accumulator and close-relative species Arabidopsis thaliana. At this purpose, the alkaline comet assay was utilized to evaluate the Cd-induced variations in nucleoids and the methy-sens comet assay, and semiquantitative real-time (qRT)-PCR were also performed to associate nucleus variations to possible DNA modifications. Cadmium induced high DNA damages in nuclei of A. thaliana while only a small increase in DNA migration was observed in N. caerulescens GA. In addition, in N. caerulescens GA, CpG DNA methylation increase upon Cd when compared to control condition, along with an increase in the expression of MET1 gene, coding for the DNA-methyltransferase. N. caerulescens GA does not show any oxidative stress under Cd treatment, while A. thaliana Cd-treated plants showed an upregulation of transcripts of the respiratory burst oxidase, accumulation of reactive oxygen species, and enhanced superoxide dismutase activity. These data suggest that epigenetic modifications occur in the N. caerulescens GA exposed to Cd to preserve genome integrity, contributing to Cd tolerance.