bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water quality characteristics of surface and groundwater sources in Lower reaches of Yellow River, Northern China
Authors: HOU WEI , Fang Hu , Zhenxing Yao , Angzhen Li , Shaohua Sun , Mingquan Wang , Ruibao Jia 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Drinking water sources including reservoirs, rivers, springs and groundwater in lower reaches of Yellow River, have been seasonally investigated to assess the water quality characteristics of different types of water sources during 2019 and 2021, and to find their differences in water quality based on multivariate statistical analysis and hydrochemical types. The water quality varied greatly among different water bodies, and based on the water quality characteristics, the four types of water bodies were divided into surface (reservoirs and rivers) and groundwater (groundwater and springs). Five principal components were extracted by, together explaining 84% of all the variance information by log-transformed principal component analysis (PCA), which represented anions, formation potential of disinfection by-products precursors (DBPFP), nutrients and phytoplankton biomass effected the water quality of these waterbodies. The matter sources of surface water and groundwater were quite different, with dominant by organic compounds and inorganic matters in surface water and groundwater, respectively. However, the similar humus carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (HS-C/N) values indicated that the organic matter in groundwater is affected to a certain extent by the replenishing surface water. In the aspect of inorganic ions, these waterbodies were more affected by Na-Cl-SO4 in wet season, while Ca-HCO3-CO3 in dry season. Gibbs diagram suggested that anions and cations were mainly contributed by atmospheric precipitation for the surface water, while they were mainly derived from rock weathering for groundwater. It is hoped that this study will help to evaluate the pollution risk and the feasibility of long-term implementation of artificial source remediation projects.
Assessment of rare genetic variants to identify candidate modifier genes underlying neurological manifestations in neurofibromatosis 1 patients
Authors: Tang Jie , Li Niu , Li Guo qiang , Wang Jian , Yu Tingting , Yao Ru en 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Neurological phenotypes such as intellectual disability occur in almost half of patients with neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1). Current genotype-phenotype studies have failed to reveal the mechanism underlying this clinical variability. Despite the presence of pathogenic variants of NF1, modifier genes likely determine the occurrence and severity of neurological phenotypes. Exome sequencing data were used to identify genetic variants in 13 NF1 patients and 457 healthy controls, and this information was used to identify candidate modifier genes underlying neurological phenotypes based on the Optimal Sequence Kernel Association Test. Thirty-six genes were identified as significant modifying factors in patients with neurological phenotypes, 35 of which were highly expressed in the nervous system. A review of the literature confirmed that 19 genes including CUL7, DPH1 and PRND were clearly associated with the alteration of neurological functioning and development. Our study revealed the enrichment of rare variants of 19 genes closely related to neurological development and functioning in patients with NF1 with neurological phenotypes, indicating possible modifier genes and variants affecting neurodevelopment. Further studies on rare genetic variants of candidate modifier genes may help explain the clinical heterogeneity of NF1.
Analysis of blade damage detection of small wind turbine based on Fluid-Heat-Solid Coupling
Authors: Wang Chen , Gu Yongqiang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In recent years, with the increase of wind power generation and the rapid growth of the number of wind turbines installed, the safety monitoring of wind turbine blades has also attracted wide attention. To further study the thermal effect of wind turbine damaged blades under natural excitation in summer in northern China, based on the outdoor infrared non-destructive testing of wind turbine blades, a numerical simulation of wind turbine blades with wear damage is carried out by using the fluid solid heat transfer theory in COMSOL multi-physical field coupling software. The best detection light condition is obtained, in which the detection effect of wear damage is the best when the light intensity reaches 1000W.m− 2 or above at noon. The simulation results are basically in agreement with the experimental results. And compared with the previous physical modeling method using natural convection heat transfer coefficient to replace wind speed, the physical modeling method considering wind speed and air humidity is more consistent with the experimental results, the maximum error value was decreased by 7.46%, which verifies the rationality of the model and the feasibility of the method. Then, the numerical model is used to carry out fluid-heat-solid coupling on the wear-damaged blades, with the increase of wind speed, the temperature on the blade surface gradually decreases and the wind pressure gradually increases. Because the influence of temperature on the stress is greater than that of wind pressure, the stress also shows a gradual downward trend.
The role of atypical MAP kinase 4 in the host interaction with Cryptosporidium parvum
Authors: Watanabe Nina , Bando Hironori , Murakoshi Fumi , Sakurai Riku , Kabir Mohammad Hazzaz Bin , Fukuda Yasuhiro , Kato Kentaro 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Cryptosporidium parvum is an apicomplexan parasite that causes severe zoonotic diarrhea in humans and calves. Since there are no effective treatments or vaccines for infants or immunocompromised patients, it is important to understand the molecular mechanisms of the parasite-host interaction for novel drug discovery. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) is a key host factor in interactions between host and various pathogens, including parasites. Although the function of conventional MAP kinases against parasite infection has been investigated, that of atypical MAP kinases remains largely unknown. Therefore, we focused on one of the atypical MAP kinases, MAPK4, and its effect on C. parvum infection in human intestinal cells. Here, we report that MAPK4-deficient intestinal cells showed a significant reduction in C. parvum infection. We also show that host MAPK4 has a role in host cell survival from C. parvum infection. In addition, we show that C. parvum requires host MAPK4 for its successful invasion and reproduction. Taken together, our data suggest that MAPK4 is an important host factor contributing to C. parvum infection in human intestinal cells.
Floods, Droughts, and Environmental Circumscription in Early State Development: The Case of Ancient Egypt
Authors: Mayoral Laura , Olsson Ola 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
What explains the origins and survival of the first states around five thousand years ago? In this research, we focus on the role of weather-related productivity shocks for early state development in ancient Egypt. We present a framework of extractive state consolidation predicting that political stability should be high whenever environmental circumscription is high, i.e., whenever there is a large gap between the productivity of the area under state control (core) and that of the surrounding areas (hinterland). In such periods, the elite can impose high levels of taxation that the population will be forced to accept as exit to the hinterland is not a feasible option. In order to test this hypothesis, we develop novel proxies for both the historical productivity of the Nile banks and of the Egyptian hinterland on the basis of high-resolution paleoclimate archives. Our empirical analysis then investigates the relationship between these proxies for environmental circumscription and political outcomes such as ruler and dynastic tenure durations and the area under state control during 2685 - 760 BCE. Our results show that while extreme Nile floods are associated with a greater degree of political instability, periods with a greater rainfall in the hinterland (i.e. a lower effective environmental circumscription) causes a decline in state capacity and a delayed increase in political instability.
Molecular genotyping of Blastocystis from alpaca (Vicugna pacos) in China
Authors: Wang Haidong , Sui Yuzhen , Du Haili , Li Xinmiao , Wang Bukang , Chen Minghui , Zhang Qiyuan , Li Zhiguo , Hou Minyu , Wang Siqi , Qi Meng , Li Junqiang , Dong Haiju 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Blastocystis sp. is a widespread anaerobic eukaryotic protist found in both human and animal gastrointestinal tracts, which can causes diarrhea in individuals with reduced immunity and endangers health. In China, however, there have been fewer studies of Blastocystis sp. infections in alpacas. This study aim at investigate the influence of Blastocystis sp. in alpacas in china.Methods: 484 fresh faecal samples were gathered from individual alpacas in nine different locations across China. Total genomic DNA was extracted, and Blastocystis sp. was identified using nested PCR amplification based on the SSU-rDNA gene. The phylogenetic tree was construct by MEGA7, which included one outgroup and 47 reference sequences downloaded from Genbank along with the 13 representative sequences found in the current study.Results: Blastocystis sp. was detected in 27.5% (133/484) of the alpaca’s fecal samples. In this study, however, no Blastocystis-positive was found in younger alpaca’s fecal samples. The SSU-rDNA sequence analysis revealed seven Blastocystis sp. subtypes in alpacas. The dominant subtype was ST10, which was found in 40.6% (54/133), followed by ST14 (30.8%, 41/133), and the remaining subtypes ST24, ST21, ST30, ST25, ST23, ST26, were detected in 11.3% (15/133), 7.5% (10/133), 3.8% (5/133), 3.0% (4/133), 2.3% (3/133) and 1.5% (2/133), respectively. The phylogenetic analysis clearly showed that the sequences of the eight subtypes (ST10, ST14, ST21, ST23, ST24, ST25, ST26, and ST30) clustered with the reference subtype sequences. Conclusion: This study revealed the geographic distribution and genetic diversity of Blastocystis from alpaca in China. Furthermore, ST21, ST23 to ST26 and ST30 were firstly reported in Chinese alpacas. It provides the fundamental molecular data for the study of Blastocystis sp. in Chinese animals.
Epigenetically inhibiting CYP3A5 modulates the migration and invasion of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via ZEB2
Authors: Zheng Xiaoli , Yang Lingrong , Wang Yanhong , Wang Jiaqi , Ouyang Jun , Bai Yanfeng , Fang Min , Liu Zhou , Liu Lijian , Zeng Su , Yu Lushan , Wang Lvhua 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Aberrant suppression of cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5) is frequently observed in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC); however, its role and the epigenetic mechanism mediating transcriptional repression of CYP3A5 in ESCC remain poorly understood.Results: Herein, we examined the expression and prognostic role of CYP3A5 in tumor tissues obtained from patients with ESCC. CYP3A5 silencing correlated with poor survival in ESCC. Using the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA), RNA interference, reporter gene assays, and chromatin immunoprecipitation, HDAC4 was found to be the key enzyme responsible for the absence of H3K18/K27Ac, mediated via P300/CBP at the CYP3A5 promoter. Finally, using CYP3A5 knockdown, re-expression, and xenograft experiments, we demonstrated that CYP3A5 downregulation, resulting in ZEB2 activation, promoted ESCC invasion and migration. Conclusions: our findings indicate that CYP3A5 activation reverses ZEB2-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and inhibits migration and invasion of ESCC cells.
A Novel Model to evaluate Spatial Structure in Thinned Conifer- Broadleaved Mixed Natural Forests
Authors: Liu Hui , Dong Xibin , Meng Yuan , Gao Tong , Mao Liangliang , Gao Ran 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to establish a management strategy for forest structures in Xiaoxing'an Mountains, China. We investigated the non-spatial structure factors affecting the spatial structure units of conifer-broadleaved mixed natural secondary forests via thinning and further quantified the spatial structure characteristics. Six forest plots (100 m×100 m) of similar stand conditions located in the Xiaoxing'an Mountains were used for the study. The thinning intensities were 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, and 35% for plots A-F respectively. The structure units were constructed using Voronoi diagrams in ArcGIS and constrained by non-spatial structure indexes. Seven stand spatial structure parameters were selected, and each was quantified by the optimal distance model (TOPSIS and combination weight methods), which was directly used to evaluate and compare the spatial structure disparity of the structural units and reflect the degree of the spatial structure of tending and thinning. The effects of crown width and crown length on the spatial structure unit of a stand were respectively higher than that of diameter at breast height and tree height. Nine possible values for the number of trees adjacent to a central tree in the spatial structure unit were obtained via weighted Voronoi diagrams, and the distribution frequency of 3–8 adjacent trees accounted for 90–96%. The spatial structure parameters derived from weighted Voronoi diagrams were analyzed using the optimal distance model. The mingling intensity and levels of competition in the tended and thinned plots differed from the control. The spatial structure evaluation index of natural mixed forests was B (0.488) > C (0.487) > E (0.480) > D (0.479) > A (0.475) > Control (0.442) > F (0.433). Plot B had a higher proportion of trees at the medium open level (41.18%), with medium and upper stand variation (72.94%), and higher levels of competition (55.29%) than plot F. This indicated that the 35% interval caused a less than ideal stand spatial structure. For the unique properties of mixed coniferous natural forests, crown length had a greater influence on structure units than tree height. Thus, the spatial structure evaluation index based on the optimal distance model offers a new way of identifying the ideal spatial structure and its quantitative expression on conifer-broadleaved mixed natural secondary forests. The findings presented herein provide a basis for optimizing spatial structure management measures.
Effects of high temperature growth of dislocation filter layers in GaAs-on-Si
Authors: Kim HoSung , Ko Young-Ho , Han Won-Seok 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
GaAs-on-Si templates with two different dislocation filter layers (DFLs) were grown at 550 °C low temperature (LT)-DFL and 660 °C high temperature (HT)-DFL using metal organic vapour-phase epitaxy and the effects of the growth temperature were studied. The threading dislocation density (TDD) values of LT-DFL and HT-DFL were 5.2 × 107 cm-2 and 1.5 × 107 cm-2, respectively. The annihilation process was mainly observed in the HT-DFL by a transmission electron microscope (TEM), resulting in a lower TDD. The 500 nm-thick GaAs bulk layer and InAs QDs were regrown on GaAs-on-Si templates and the optical properties were also evaluated by photoluminescence (PL). The highest PL peak intensity of the HT-DFL indicates that less non-radiative recombination in both the GaAs bulk and QDs occurred due to the reduced TDD.
The impact of sensitive skin on work productivity and health-related quality of life
Authors: Smith Adam , Tselenti Evi , Lappin Victoria , Smith Neil , Fawkes Neil 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
ObjectiveSensitive skin is known to have a negative impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and daily activities, but what is not known is to what extent this condition affects individuals’ working life. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of sensitive skin on HRQoL and work productivity.ResultsA total of 3048 participants completed the work productivity and activity impairment (WPAI) and the AQoL-4D online, (1964 females, 64.4%) with almost equal numbers of participants self-reporting sensitive or non-sensitive skin. Self-reported sensitive skin was associated with poorer HRQoL, particularly mental health. HRQOL showed a positive linear relationship with participant age. Self-reported sensitive skin was associated with higher levels of absenteeism (11%); Presenteeism (19%); Work Impairment (25%) and Overall Activity Impairment (20%). On average, participants with self-reported sensitive skin missed 4.55 working hours per week compared to 2.4 hours for those not reporting sensitive skin (p<0.0001). This study demonstrated that sensitive skin has a significant detrimental impact on individuals. It extends previous research that has focussed on quality of life and daily activities, to underline the negative affect of sensitive skin on work productivity, highlighting the burden of sensitive at both a humanistic and economic level.
Selection of Brucella abortus mimetic epitopes for fast diagnostic purposes
Authors: Santos Fabiana Almeida Araújo , Fujimura Patrícia Tiemi , Vaz Emília Rezende , Castro Ana Cristina Honorato , Madurro Ana Graci Brito , Goulart Vivian Alonso , Bastos Luciana Machado , Fonseca Belchiolina Beatriz , Lima Anna Monteiro Correia , Filho Luiz Ricardo Goulart 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Bovine brucellosis is a disease that significantly impacts animal production and human health. Although many sensitive diagnostic tests are used, there is still no ideal fast serological test for all epidemiological situations. In this context, we developed peptides that mimic regions of antigenic proteins of Brucella abortus and can be used in serological diagnosis. Results: From phage display technology, we randomly selected nine clones of phage displaying peptide binders to B. abortus. These clones were sequenced and translated. After molecular docking analysis, two peptides (Ba4 and Ba9) were selected, chemically synthesized, and verified for their potential diagnostic value. By enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA), Ba9 showed a sensitivity of up to 97.5% to detect antibodies circulating in animals with brucellosis. We incorporated the peptide Ba9 onto a bioelectrode (graphite modified with poly-3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid). Then, direct serum detection was demonstrated by differential pulse voltammetry, micrographs, and topographic analyses in addition to the average roughness coefficient (Ra) and the value of the mean squared deviation of the roughness (Rms). Conclusion: This work shows that the mimetic epitope of B. abortus can be useful for developing new platforms for diagnosing brucellosis. In addition, we propose a fast test based on an electrochemical sensor using graphite modified with poly-3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid.
Heterologous booster immunization with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein after mRNA vaccine elicits durable and broad antibody responses
Authors: Takano Tomohiro , Sato Takashi , Kotaki Ryutaro , Moriyama Saya , Shinoda Masahiro , Kabasawa Kiyomi , Shimada Nagashige , Kousaka Mio , Adachi Yu , Onodera Taishi , Terahara Kazutaka , Isogawa Masanori , Matsumura Takayuki , Shinkai Masaharu , Takahashi Yoshimasa 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAlthough mRNA vaccines are more immunogenic than other vaccine modalities in primary series vaccination, their immunogenicity has not been well compared to different vaccine modalities in additional boosters. Here the longitudinal analysis reveals more sustained RBD-binding IgG titers and RBD-ACE2 binding inhibitory activities with the breadth to antigenically distinct Beta and Omicron BA.1 variants by the S-268019-b spike protein booster vaccination compared to BNT162b2 mRNA homologous booster on mRNA vaccinees. The differences in the durability and breadth of plasma antibodies between BNT162b2 and S-268019-b groups are pronounced in those without systemic adverse events and were associated with different trends in the number and breadth of memory B cells. High-dimensional immune profiling identifies early CD16+natural killer cell dynamics with CCR3 upregulation, as one of the correlates for the distinct antibody responses by the S-268019-b booster. Our results illustrate the combinational effects of heterologous booster on the immune dynamics and the durability and breadth of recalled antibody responses against emerging virus variants.
Classification of combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma using contrast-enhanced CT based radiomics and machine-learning methods
Authors: Nong Shiqi , Zhang Tao , Zhang Tingyue , Tian Keyue , Wei Yuhao , Ma Xuelei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To explore the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced CT radiomics combined with a large panel of machine-learning methods in the classification of combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma (CHC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Methods
48 CT radiomic features manually extracted using Local Image features Extraction (LIFEx) software from 264 patients diagnosed with HCC (n) and CHC (n) and treated in West China Hospital from January 2012 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 45 diagnostic models were built based on 5 selection methods (DC, RF, Lasso, Xgboost and GBDT) and 9 classification algorithms (LDA, SVM, RF, Adaboost, KNN, GaussianNB, LR, GBDT, and DT). The area under the curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of these models were evaluated, based on which the optimal model was determined.
Results
The ROC analysis revealed that all contrast-enhanced CT radiomic-based machine-learning models showed promising ability in the classification of HCC and CHC with 21 out of 45 models showing the classification AUC over 0.95. The best discriminative performance was observed in the combination of “GBDT + GBDT”, with the AUCs of 1.000 and 0.978 and in the training and validation groups. The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of “GBDT + GBDT” in the validation group were 0.918, 0.867, 0.944 respectively.
Conclusion
Contrast-enhanced CT radiomic-based machine learning models show potential to be applied in differentiating HCC and CHC, and among all the models built GBDT + GBDT was identified to be the optimal model in our analysis.
Static airflow resistivity association law of a multilayer rigid porous material
Authors: Sadouki Mustapha 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Mono and multi-layer porous media are very often used in building engineering and aerospace industry to fight against noise pollution. These media are characterized by several acoustic parameters, the most important of which is the flow resistivity. In this article, a static airflow resistivity association law of multilayer rigid porous materials is proposed. The equivalent fluid theory is considered. The visco-inertial interactions between the structure and the pore-saturating fluid are taken into account by the dynamic tortuosity introduced by Johnson et al and the dynamic compressibility given by Allard. Simplified expressions of acoustic transmission coefficients of a monolayer and bilayer porous medium are established in the very low-frequency regime. The established expressions are independent of frequency and depend only on the airflow resistivity and the thickness of each layer. The equivalent flow resistivity of the bilayer medium is expressed as a function of the thickness and flow resistivity of each layer. The established law has been generalized to the case of a multilayer medium consisting of several different rigid porous layers. Experimental validation of the established law is carried out using a combination of several samples of polyurethane foams (PU) with different thicknesses and flow resistivity.