bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The application of the 150° oblique tangential fluoroscopic view to detect the posterosuperior femoral neck screw in–out–in intraoperatively
Authors: Zhang Jian , Tang Xin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the application of the 150° tangential fluoroscopic projection as a novel fluoroscopic view to detect the posterosuperior screw in–out–in (IOI) in the cannulated screws fixation of femoral neck fractures. A retrospective analysis was conducted including 33 patients with femoral neck fractures enrolled from April to November 2021. All patients underwent closed reduction and internal fixation with cannulated screws under intra-operative C-arm fluoroscopy. The posterosuperior femoral neck screw position (whether in–out–in and the distance to the femoral neck cortex) was evaluated from the standard anteroposterior (AP), lateral view, and tangential view images. Postoperative computed tomography (CT) scan results are considered the gold standard for detecting the femoral neck screw locations. Of 33 patients, no femoral neck screws were found to be placed IOI under the standard AP and lateral views. The tangential view revealed the posterosuperior screw was IOI in 8 patients, whereas the average distance between the posterosuperior screw and the posterior femoral neck cortex was 2.73 ± 1.06 mm under the standard lateral view. Postoperative CT verified that posterosuperior screw was placed IOI in these 8 patients. In the other 25 patients with the tangential view showed the posterosuperior screw completely contained in the femoral neck, the average distance between the posterosuperior screw and the posterior femoral neck cortex was 5.48 ± 1.26 mm under the standard lateral view and 2.76 ± 1.08 mm under the tangential view, with a statistically significant difference between the two groups (p < 0.05). Post-operative CT demonstrated that the femoral neck screws were completely contained in the femoral neck in these 25 patients. Intra-operative tangential view of 150° can effectively identify the posterosuperior screw IOI in the cannulated screws fixation of femoral neck fractures. Based on our study, we highly recommend the tangential view as a routine intraoperative fluoroscopic angle to detect the posterosuperior screw IOI.
Series arc fault detection based on continuous wavelet transform and DRSN-CW with limited source data
Authors: Hu Congqiang , Qu Na , Zhang Shuai 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWhen a series arc fault occurs in an indoor power distribution system, the temperature of arc combustion can be as high as thousands of degrees, which can lead to an electrical fire. Deep learning has developed rapidly in recent years and is widely used in fault diagnosis. The problem is that the sourced data is challenging to obtain, and few public data sources affect the application of deep learning models in arc fault diagnosis. In order to solve this problem, an arc fault detection method based on continuous wavelet transform and deep residual shrinkage network with the channel-wise threshold (DRSN-CW) is proposed. First, the grayscale images of source data features are obtained by continuous wavelet transform. Then, the feature images are data enhanced to construct the dataset. Finally, the DRSN-CW model is constructed and used to detect arc fault. The results show that the highest accuracy of arc fault detection is 98.92%, and the average accuracy is 97.72%. This method has excellent performance, which provides a new idea for arc fault detection.
A clinically relevant pulse treatment generates a bortezomib-resistant myeloma cell line that lacks proteasome mutations and is sensitive to Bcl-2 inhibitor venetoclax
Authors: Downey-Kopyscinski Sondra L. , Srinivasa Sriraja , Kisselev Alexei F. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractProteasome inhibitors bortezomib and carfilzomib are the backbones of treatments of multiple myeloma, which remains incurable despite many recent advances. With many patients relapsing despite high initial response rates to proteasome inhibitor-containing regimens, it is critical to understand the process of acquired resistance. In vitro generated resistant cell lines are important tools in this process. The majority of previously developed bortezomib-resistant cell lines bear mutations in the proteasome PSMB5 sites, the prime target of bortezomib and carfilzomib, which are rarely observed in patients. Here we present a novel bortezomib-resistant derivative of the KMS-12-BM multiple myeloma cell line, KMS-12-BM-BPR. Unlike previously published bortezomib-resistant cell lines, it was created using clinically relevant twice-weekly pulse treatments with bortezomib instead of continuous incubation. It does not contain mutations in the PSMB5 site and retains its sensitivity to carfilzomib. Reduced load on proteasome due to decreased protein synthesis appears to be the main cause of resistance. In addition, KMS-12-BM-BPR cells are more sensitive to Bcl-2 inhibitor venetoclax. Overall, this study demonstrates the feasibility of creating a proteasome inhibitor resistant myeloma cell lines by using clinically relevant pulse treatments and provides a novel model of acquired resistance.
LITOS: a versatile LED illumination tool for optogenetic stimulation
Authors: Höhener Thomas Christoph , Landolt Alex Erich , Dessauges Coralie , Hinderling Lucien , Gagliardi Paolo Armando , Pertz Olivier 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOptogenetics has become a key tool to manipulate biological processes with high spatio-temporal resolution. Recently, a number of commercial and open-source multi-well illumination devices have been developed to provide throughput in optogenetics experiments. However, available commercial devices remain expensive and lack flexibility, while open-source solutions require programming knowledge and/or include complex assembly processes. We present a LED Illumination Tool for Optogenetic Stimulation (LITOS) based on an assembled printed circuit board controlling a commercially available 32 × 64 LED matrix as illumination source. LITOS can be quickly assembled without any soldering, and includes an easy-to-use interface, accessible via a website hosted on the device itself. Complex light stimulation patterns can easily be programmed without coding expertise. LITOS can be used with different formats of multi-well plates, petri dishes, and flasks. We validated LITOS by measuring the activity of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway in response to different dynamic light stimulation regimes using FGFR1 and Raf optogenetic actuators. LITOS can uniformly stimulate all the cells in a well and allows for flexible temporal stimulation schemes. LITOS’s affordability and ease of use aims at democratizing optogenetics in any laboratory.
Efficient resin production using stimulant pastes in Pinus elliottii × P. caribaea families
Authors: Liu Yang , Wang Zhe , Zhao Fencheng , Zeng Ming , Li Fuming , Chen Lifang , Wu Huishan , Che Xiaoliang , Li Yiliang , Deng Leping , Zhong Suiying , Guo Wenbing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTo address the increasing labor cost of resin tapping, more efficient methods for resin tapping need to be developed. This study aimed to evaluate the features of resinosis as affected by stimulant pastes in Pinus elliottii × P. caribaea, which is also one of the predominant resin-producing species hybrids in South China. The resin yields and resin compositions were assessed in 33 P. elliottii × P. caribaea F1 families, with the application of four kinds of chemical stimulants, potassium (K2SO4) paste, naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) paste, benzoic acid (BA) paste and 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (CEPA) paste. Our results showed that all four pastes significantly increased the resin yield by at least 20% at each tapping, and 3- to fivefold increases were detected at the beginning of each year. The correlations between resin yield and growth at each tapping ranged from uncorrelated to moderately positively correlated, indicating that resin yield was mostly but not always determined by tree size. The concentration of each resin component did not change with the stimulant applications. In P. elliottii × P. caribaea, selecting a larger tree diameter at breast height and employing the chemical stimulants at the first several tapping rounds are efficient tapping procedures. Moreover, the K2SO4-based stimulant can be recommended considering its promoting effects on resin yield and the low cost of the chemicals required to produce it.
Design of predictive model to optimize the solubility of Oxaprozin as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
Authors: Alshehri Sameer , Alqarni Mohammed , Namazi Nader Ibrahim , Naguib Ibrahim A. , Venkatesan Kumar , Mosaad Yasser O. , Pishnamazi Mahboubeh , Alsubaiyel Amal M. , Abourehab Mohammed A. S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThese days, many efforts have been made to increase and develop the solubility and bioavailability of novel therapeutic medicines. One of the most believable approaches is the operation of supercritical carbon dioxide fluid (SC-CO2). This operation has been used as a unique method in pharmacology due to the brilliant positive points such as colorless nature, cost-effectives, and environmentally friendly. This research project is aimed to mathematically calculate the solubility of Oxaprozin in SC-CO2 through artificial intelligence. Oxaprozin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug which is useful in arthritis disease to improve swelling and pain. Oxaprozin is a type of BCS class II (Biopharmaceutical Classification) drug with low solubility and bioavailability. Here in order to optimize and improve the solubility of Oxaprozin, three ensemble decision tree-based models including random forest (RF), Extremely random trees (ET), and gradient boosting (GB) are considered. 32 data vectors are used for this modeling, moreover, temperature and pressure as inputs, and drug solubility as output. Using the MSE metric, ET, RF, and GB illustrated error rates of 6.29E−09, 9.71E−09, and 3.78E−11. Then, using the R-squared metric, they demonstrated results including 0.999, 0.984, and 0.999, respectively. GB is selected as the best fitted model with the optimal values including 33.15 (K) for the temperature, 380.4 (bar) for the pressure and 0.001242 (mole fraction) as optimized value for the solubility.
Pharmacovigilance study of the association between dipeptidyl peptidase–4 inhibitors and angioedema using the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS)
Authors: Ohyama Katsuhiro , Shindo Junichiro , Takahashi Tomohiro , Takeuchi Hironori , Hori Yusuke 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) plays a minor role in degrading vasoactive peptides that cause angioedema when angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is present and fully functional. This study investigated the association between DPP-4 inhibitors (DPP-4Is) and angioedema, including cases where the concomitant use of ACE inhibitors (ACEIs) was absent. We obtained data from the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System and performed a disproportionality analysis, using the reporting odds ratio (ROR) and information component (IC) for signal detection in patients aged ≥ 40 years, stratified by age group and sex. No signal was detected for DPP-4Is when the entire dataset was analyzed. However, a signal was detected for the entire female subset group, the three stratified female groups aged ≥ 60 years, and males in their 40 s. After excluding the data of concomitant ACEI users, most ROR and IC values were lower and significant only for females in their 60 s and males aged ≥ 80 years. Regarding individual DPP-4Is signals, those detected for saxagliptin and sitagliptin in some age groups disappeared after excluding the data of ACEI users. Notably, linagliptin was the only DPP-4I where signals were detected in most female groups, regardless of age and without concomitant ACEI use. Our findings suggest that some DPP-4Is were associated with a higher reporting of angioedema as per age and sex, even in the absence of concomitant ACEI use.
Annealing effect of thermotropic liquid crystalline copolyester fibers on thermo-mechanical properties and morphology
Authors: Park Sanghyeon , Na Yeji , Kim A Young , Kwac Lee Ku , Kim Hong Gun , Chang Jin-Hae 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA series of thermotropic liquid crystal copolyesters (Co-TLCPs) was prepared by melt polymerization using 2,5-diethoxyterephthalic acid (DTA), 2,7-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN), and p-hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA) monomers, where the HBA content was varied (0–5 mol). At 3 mol HBA, the Co-TLCPs formed nematic mesophases, while below this concentration, the liquid crystalline phase did not appear. The Co-TLCP sample with 3 mol HBA was subjected to melt spinning and heat-treated under various conditions (temperature and time) to investigate their effect on the thermo–mechanical properties and degree of crystallinity. The objective was to determine the critical heat treatment condition that can maximize the properties of the spun Co-TLCP fibers. The microstructure of the heat-treated fiber was investigated using scanning electron microscopy, and the optimal annealing conditions were confirmed based on the morphology of the fiber, which exhibited a skin–core structure owing to the varying heat and pressure conditions applied during spinning.
Development a novel robust method to enhance the solubility of Oxaprozin as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug based on machine-learning
Authors: Abdelbasset Walid Kamal , Elkholi Safaa M. , Ismail Khadiga Ahmed , Alshehri Sameer , Alobaida Ahmed , Huwaimel Bader , Alatawi Ahmed D. , Alsubaiyel Amal M. , Venkatesan Kumar , Abourehab Mohammed A. S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAccurate specification of the drugs’ solubility is known as an important activity to appropriately manage the supercritical impregnation process. Over the last decades, the application of supercritical fluids (SCFs), mainly CO2, has found great interest as a promising solution to dominate the limitations of traditional methods including high toxicity, difficulty of control, high expense and low stability. Oxaprozin is an efficient off-patent nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), which is being extensively used for the pain management of patients suffering from chronic musculoskeletal disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis. In this paper, the prominent purpose of the authors is to predict and consequently optimize the solubility of Oxaprozin inside the CO2SCF. To do this, the authors employed two basic models and improved them with the Adaboost ensemble method. The base models include Gaussian process regression (GPR) and decision tree (DT). We optimized and evaluated the hyper-parameters of them using standard metrics. Boosted DT has an MAE error rate, an R2-score, and an MAPE of 6.806E-05, 0.980, and 4.511E-01, respectively. Also, boosted GPR has an R2-score of 0.998 and its MAPE error is 3.929E-02, and with MAE it has an error rate of 5.024E-06. So, boosted GPR was chosen as the best model, and the best values were: (T = 3.38E + 02, P = 4.0E + 02, Solubility = 0.001241).
Coculturing of Mucor plumbeus and Bacillus subtilis bacterium as an efficient fermentation strategy to enhance fungal lipid and gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) production
Authors: Mohamed Hassan , Awad Mohamed F. , Shah Aabid Manzoor , Sadaqat Beenish , Nazir Yusuf , Naz Tahira , Yang Wu , Song Yuanda 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to improve lipid and gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) production of an oleaginous fungus, Mucor plumbeus, through coculturing with Bacillus subtilis bacteria, optimising the environmental and nutritional culture conditions, and scaling them for batch fermentation. The maximum levels of biomass, lipid, fatty acid, and GLA in a 5 L bioreactor containing cellobiose and ammonium sulfate as the optimal carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively, achieved during the coculturing processes were 14.5 ± 0.4 g/L, 41.5 ± 1.3, 24 ± 0.8, and 20 ± 0.5%, respectively. This strategy uses cellobiose in place of glucose, decreasing production costs. The nutritional and abiotic factor results suggest that the highest production efficiency is achieved at 6.5 pH, 30 °C temperature, 10% (v/v) inoculum composition, 200 rpm agitation speed, and a 5-day incubation period. Interestingly, the GLA concentration of cocultures (20.0 ± 0.5%) was twofold higher than that of monocultures (8.27 ± 0.11%). More importantly, the GC chromatograms of cocultures indicated the presence of one additional peak corresponding to decanoic acid (5.32 ± 0.20%) that is absent in monocultures, indicating activation of silent gene clusters via cocultivation with bacteria. This study is the first to show that coculturing of Mucor plumbeus with Bacillus subtilis is a promising strategy with industrialisation potential for the production of GLA-rich microbial lipids and prospective biosynthesis of new products.
Global slowness and increased intra-individual variability are key features of attentional deficits and cognitive fluctuations in post COVID-19 patients
Authors: Ortelli Paola , Benso Francesco , Ferrazzoli Davide , Scarano Ilaria , Saltuari Leopold , Sebastianelli Luca , Versace Viviana , Maestri Roberto 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFatigue, attentional deficits and cognitive fluctuations are the most characterizing symptoms of neurological involvement in Post COVID-19 syndrome (PCS). As the intraindividual variability (IIV) in cognitive performances has been recognized as a hallmark of brain-related disorders associated with cognitive deficits, it could be an interesting measure to elucidate the mechanisms subtending both the attentive impairment and the cognitive fluctuations in these patients. By referring to IIV analysis of Reaction Times (RTs), the present study aims to define the attentive impairment and its relation to fluctuations and fatigue, in patients suffering from Post COVID-19 neurological symptoms. 74 patients were enrolled. They underwent an extensive clinical and neuropsychological assessments, as well as computerized Sustained Attention and Stroop tasks. For studying IIV, RTs distributions of performances in computerized tasks were fitted with ex-Gaussian distribution, for obtaining the τ values. Finally, the Resting Motor Threshold (RMT) was also collected to estimate cortical excitability. 29 healthy volunteers served as controls. Patients showed poorer scores in Montreal Cognitive Assessment and higher RMT, in comparison with controls. In Sustained Attention Task, Mean, µ, σ and τ values were significantly higher in PCS patients (p value =  < 0.0001; 0.001; 0.018 and < 0.0001, respectively). Repeated measures ANOVA comparing the RTs mean in Stroop task within-subject and between-subjects revealed significant condition and group effect (p < 0.0001 both) and significant interaction (p = 0.005), indicating worst performances in patients. The mean of the derived interference value was significantly higher in PCS patients than in controls (p = 0.036). Patients suffering from PCS show deficits in attention, both in the sustained and executive components. Both high RTs means and high IIV subtend these deficits and could explain the often-complained cognitive fluctuations in this population.
(+)-Usnic acid and its salts, inhibitors of SARS‐CoV‐2, identified by using in silico methods and in vitro assay
Authors: Oh Eunseok , Wang Weihong , Park Kyu-Hyung , Park Chanyoon , Cho Youbin , Lee JunI , Kang Eunmo , Kang Heonjoong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been ongoing for over two years, and treatment for COVID-19, other than monoclonal antibodies, is urgently required. Accordingly, we have investigated the inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 protein targets by high-throughput virtual screening using a marine natural products database. Considering the calculated molecular properties and availability of the compounds, (+)-usnic acid was selected as a suitable hit. In the in vitro antiviral assay of (+)-usnic acid by the immunofluorescence method, IC50 was 7.99 μM, which is similar to that of remdesivir used as a positive control. The generalized Born and surface area continuum solvation (MM/GBSA) method was performed to find the potent target of (+)-usnic acid, and the Mpro protein showed the most prominent value, −52.05 kcal/mol, among other SARS-CoV-2 protein targets. Thereafter, RMSD and protein–ligand interactions were profiled using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Sodium usnate (NaU) improved in vitro assay results with an IC50 of 5.33 μM and a selectivity index (SI) of 9.38. Additionally, when (+)-usnic acid was assayed against SARS-CoV-2 variants, it showed enhanced efficacy toward beta variants with an IC50 of 2.92 μM and SI of 11.1. We report the in vitro anti-SARS-CoV-2 efficacy of (+)-usnic acid in this study and propose that it has the potential to be developed as a COVID-19 treatment if its in vivo efficacy has been confirmed.
Localization-adjusted diagnostic performance and assistance effect of a computer-aided detection system for pneumothorax and consolidation
Authors: Lee Sun Yeop , Ha Sangwoo , Jeon Min Gyeong , Li Hao , Choi Hyunju , Kim Hwa Pyung , Choi Ye Ra , I Hoseok , Jeong Yeon Joo , Park Yoon Ha , Ahn Hyemin , Hong Sang Hyup , Koo Hyun Jung , Lee Choong Wook , Kim Min Jae , Kim Yeon Joo , Kim Kyung Won , Choi Jong Mun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWhile many deep-learning-based computer-aided detection systems (CAD) have been developed and commercialized for abnormality detection in chest radiographs (CXR), their ability to localize a target abnormality is rarely reported. Localization accuracy is important in terms of model interpretability, which is crucial in clinical settings. Moreover, diagnostic performances are likely to vary depending on thresholds which define an accurate localization. In a multi-center, stand-alone clinical trial using temporal and external validation datasets of 1,050 CXRs, we evaluated localization accuracy, localization-adjusted discrimination, and calibration of a commercially available deep-learning-based CAD for detecting consolidation and pneumothorax. The CAD achieved image-level AUROC (95% CI) of 0.960 (0.945, 0.975), sensitivity of 0.933 (0.899, 0.959), specificity of 0.948 (0.930, 0.963), dice of 0.691 (0.664, 0.718), moderate calibration for consolidation, and image-level AUROC of 0.978 (0.965, 0.991), sensitivity of 0.956 (0.923, 0.978), specificity of 0.996 (0.989, 0.999), dice of 0.798 (0.770, 0.826), moderate calibration for pneumothorax. Diagnostic performances varied substantially when localization accuracy was accounted for but remained high at the minimum threshold of clinical relevance. In a separate trial for diagnostic impact using 461 CXRs, the causal effect of the CAD assistance on clinicians’ diagnostic performances was estimated. After adjusting for age, sex, dataset, and abnormality type, the CAD improved clinicians’ diagnostic performances on average (OR [95% CI] = 1.73 [1.30, 2.32]; p < 0.001), although the effects varied substantially by clinical backgrounds. The CAD was found to have high stand-alone diagnostic performances and may beneficially impact clinicians’ diagnostic performances when used in clinical settings.