bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydro(geo)chemische und ökologische Bestandsaufnahme von Quellregionen als isolierte Grundwasser-Ökosysteme
Authors: Göbel Patricia , Römer Marius , Weckwert Nils , Abdulghani Alqaragholi Sura , Hahn Hans Jürgen , Meyer Elisabeth I. , Knöller Kay , Strauss Harald 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungZwei Untersuchungsgebiete im zentralen Münsterland (Baumberge, NRW, Deutschland) sind aufgrund der geologischen Reliefumkehr-Situation isolierte Grundwasser-Ökosysteme, welche nur von infiltrierendem Niederschlagswasser beeinflusst werden. Als sogenannte „Natur-Lysimeter“ eignen sie sich mit ihren insgesamt bis zu 200 natürlichen Quellaustritten als multidisziplinäre Bezugssysteme für wasserdurchlässige Kluftgrundwasserleitersysteme (aus Kalkmergelsteinen). Die Betrachtung der langjährigen Veränderungen des Stoffaustrags an den Quellen deuten auf zunehmende Verkarstung und raumzeitlich wechselnde Einflüsse durch die land- und forstwirtschaftlich genutzte Geländeoberfläche hin. Stabile Sulfatisotope zeigen, dass die Mehrheit der Quellen durch den Eintrag von Gülle in deren Quell-Einzugsgebiet beeinflusst wird und dass die Pyritoxidation ein wichtiger Prozess im tieferen Grundwasserkörper ist. Die Nitratkonzentrationen sind im Allgemeinen hoch (über 50 mg/l) und stammen aus Gülle und/oder Kunstdünger, wie stabile Nitratisotope zeigen. Der ökologische Zustand des Grundwassersystems wird aufgrund von Crustaceen im Grundwasser als gut bewertet. Der Stoffaustrag jedes noch so kleinen Quellaustritts zeigt mit dem Grundwasserstand sich verändernde Zumischungsanteile von tieferem Grundwasser an.
Modelling the final discharge angle in flighted rotary drums
Authors: Seidenbecher J. , Herz F. , Sunkara K. R. , Mellmann J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRotary drums equipped with longitudinal flights are mainly used to dry granular solids and handle high throughputs. The design of the flights is a crucial task because they decisively influence the distribution of the particles over the dryer cross section. In a previous work, the authors derived a mathematical model for the particle flow in rotary drums with rectangular flights. In this model, the final discharge angle was underpredicted resulting in errors when calculating the contact area of the particles in the air-borne phase. Therefore, a new model was developed in this study to predict the final discharge angle based on a forces balance approach on a single particle. This approach includes the Coriolis force acting on the last discharging particles sliding down the inclined flight sheet. The model was solved by using the vector analysis method. Experiments were performed at rotary drums with 0.5 m and 1.0 m in diameter, respectively, and 0.15/0.3 m in length using glass beads and quartz sand as bed materials. Each drum was equipped with 12 flights around the shell. The model validation was performed by varying the bed material, drum diameter, flight length ratio, and the rotating speed. The model predictions have shown that as the flight length ratio and the Froude number increased, the final discharge angle attained higher values. The model predictions agree well with the measurements.

Graphic abstract
Complementing or Congruent? Desired Characteristics in a Friend and Romantic Partner in Autistic versus Typically Developing Male Adolescents
Authors: Dekker Linda P. , van der Vegt Esther J. M. , Louwerse Anneke , Visser Kirsten , van der Ende Jan , Maras Athanasios , Verhulst Frank C. , Greaves-Lord Kirstin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIdeal friend and romantic partner characteristics related to self-perceived characteristics have been investigated in typically developing (TD) individuals, but not in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Considering the autistic symptoms and challenges, investigating these concepts in autistic individuals is relevant. Given the lack of consensus, identity-first (“autistic person”) and person-first (“person with autism”) language are mixed throughout, to cover all preferences. This study explored (1) the association between self-perceived characteristics and desires in a friend/romantic partner, as well as (2) compare two groups (ASD and TD) in their desires for a friend/romantic partner. Two matched groups (ASD and TD) of 38 male adolescents (age 14–19 years) reported on the desire for nine characteristics (i.e., funny, popular, nice, cool, smart, trustworthy, good looking, similar interests, and being rich) in a friend/partner, and to what extent they felt they themselves possessed seven characteristics (i.e., funny, popular, nice, cool, smart, trustworthy, and good looking). Results showed both groups sought a friend and partner similar to themselves on intrinsic characteristics (e.g., trustworthiness), but less similar on extrinsic and social status characteristics (e.g., being less cool and popular). Particularly intrinsic characteristics, more than extrinsic and social status characteristics, were valued in both partners and friends, regardless of group. No significant differences were found between groups concerning to what extent characteristics were desired. Overall, adolescents with ASD desire similar characteristics as TD adolescents in their potential romantic partners and friends. There is some indication that the match between self-perception and desired characteristics is different.
The Linear Elastic Wedge Under a Tip Couple at the Critical Angle. Where Is the Paradox?
Authors: Royer-Carfagni Gianni , Zandekarimi Salman 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe classical problem of a two-dimensional infinite linear elastic wedge, with opening angle of $2\alpha $
2
α
, subjected to the action of a concentrated couple at its tip, was considered by Carothers. The solution, which presents a quadratic singularity in the stress field, suffers a spurious behavior at the critical angle $\alpha = \alpha ^{*} \simeq \, 0.715 \,\pi $
α
=

α
∗

≃

0.715

π
, when the stress grows unboundedly within the body. This inconsistency is usually referred to as the “wedge paradox”. Here, relying on rather intuitive arguments, we present a representation for the stress field in the wedge which captures other states characterized by a quadratic singularity. This is first obtained by considering an auxiliary problem, in which the wedge is ideally split into three wedges under tip couples, whose values are determined by compatibility conditions in terms of stress and displacement on the common lines. Remarkably, we find that the state of stress varies continuously on $\alpha $
α
; at $\alpha =\alpha ^{*}$
α
=

α
∗

the stress does not vanish, although the action at the wedge tip has zero resultant and zero moment resultant. An alternative derivation of the elastic solution in the wedge, which relies upon the notion of nuclei of strain, suggests that, at the critical angle, the applied action is that of dipoles without moment at the tip point. We conclude that it is the form of Carothers’ solution that cannot account for all states of stress characterized by a quadratic singularity at the vertex. The paradox naturally disappears in the proposed representation.
A multi-resolution approach to hydraulic fracture simulation
Authors: Costa Andre , Cusini Matteo , Jin Tao , Settgast Randolph , Dolbow John E. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe present a multi-resolution approach for constructing model-based simulations of hydraulic fracturing, wherein flow through porous media is coupled with fluid-driven fracture. The approach consists of a hybrid scheme that couples a discrete crack representation in a global domain to a phase-field representation in a local subdomain near the crack tip. The multi-resolution approach addresses issues such as the computational expense of accurate hydraulic fracture simulations and the difficulties associated with reconstructing crack apertures from diffuse fracture representations. In the global domain, a coupled system of equations for displacements and pressures is considered. The crack geometry is assumed to be fixed and the displacement field is enriched with discontinuous functions. Around the crack tips in the local subdomains, phase-field sub-problems are instantiated on the fly to propagate fractures in arbitrary, mesh independent directions. The governing equations and fields in the global and local domains are approximated using a combination of finite-volume and finite element discretizations. The efficacy of the method is illustrated through various benchmark problems in hydraulic fracturing, as well as a new study of fluid-driven crack growth around a stiff inclusion.
The Horizons of Chronic Shame
Authors: Dolezal Luna 
Published: October 2022

AbstractExperiences of shame are not always discrete, but can be recurrent, persistent or enduring. To use the feminist phenomenologist Sandra Lee Bartky’s formulation, shame is not always an acute event, but can become a “pervasive affective attunement” (Bartky, 1990: 85). Instead of experiencing shame as a discrete event with a finite duration, it can be experienced as a persistent, and perhaps, permanent possibility in daily life. This sort of pervasive or persistent shame is commonly referred to as “chronic shame” (Pattison, 2000; Nathanson, 1992; Dolezal, 2015). Chronic shame is frequently associated with political oppression and marginalization. In chronic shame, it is the potentiality of shame, rather than the actuality, that is significant. In other words, the anticipation of shame (whether explicit or implicit) comes to be a defining feature of one’s lived experience. Living with chronic shame has important socio-political consequences. Thus far, chronic shame has eluded simple phenomenological analysis, largely because chronic shame often does not have a clear experiential profile: it is frequently characterised by the absence rather than the presence of shame. The aim of this article is to provide a phenomenology of chronic shame, drawing from Edmund Husserl’s formulation of the ‘horizon’ as a means a to discuss structural aspects of chronic shame experiences, in particular how chronic shame is characterised by structures of absence and anticipation.
Resisting Moral Conservatism with Difficulties of Reality: a Wittgensteinian-Diamondian Approach to Animal Ethics
Authors: Deininger Konstantin , Aigner Andreas , Grimm Herwig 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we tackle the widely held view that practice-oriented approaches to ethics are conservative, preserving the moral status quo, and, in particular, that they do not promote any (fundamental) change in our dealings with animals or formulate clear principles that help us to achieve such change. We shall challenge this view with reference to Wittgensteinian ethics. As a first step, we show that moral thought and action rest on basic moral certainties like: equals are to be treated equally and unequals unequally. We then explore the relations between this insight and the notion of the difficulty of reality elaborated by Cora Diamond. Our goal is to show that a Wittgensteinian-Diamondian approach to animal ethics is not necessarily morally conservative. Indeed, it offers a profound practice-oriented approach to animal ethics that is capable of promoting change in human dealings with animals because it is compatible with radical critique.
A deep learning framework for layer-wise porosity prediction in metal powder bed fusion using thermal signatures
Authors: Mao Yuwei , Lin Hui , Yu Christina Xuan , Frye Roger , Beckett Darren , Anderson Kevin , Jacquemetton Lars , Carter Fred , Gao Zhangyuan , Liao Wei-keng , Choudhary Alok N. , Ehmann Kornel , Agrawal Ankit 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPart quality manufactured by the laser powder bed fusion process is significantly affected by porosity. Existing works of process–property relationships for porosity prediction require many experiments or computationally expensive simulations without considering environmental variations. While efforts that adopt real-time monitoring sensors can only detect porosity after its occurrence rather than predicting it ahead of time. In this study, a novel porosity detection-prediction framework is proposed based on deep learning that predicts porosity in the next layer based on thermal signatures of the previous layers. The proposed framework is validated in terms of its ability to accurately predict lack of fusion porosity using computerized tomography (CT) scans, which achieves a F1-score of 0.75. The framework presented in this work can be effectively applied to quality control in additive manufacturing. As a function of the predicted porosity positions, laser process parameters in the next layer can be adjusted to avoid more part porosity in the future or the existing porosity could be filled. If the predicted part porosity is not acceptable regardless of laser parameters, the building process can be stopped to minimize the loss.
RoboLab: providing remote access to a physical radiochemistry laboratory for teaching and training
Authors: Salina Olga N. , Grønås Terje , Pottgießer Vivien , Němec Mojmír , Vahlbruch Jan-Willem , Walther Clemens , Omtvedt Jon Petter 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRoboLab enables students to perform real radiochemistry experiments without being physically present in a laboratory. Remotely controlled experiments are accessed through a web interface to a physical laboratory. The laboratory equipment is interfaced to a computer that both controls the equipment and provides feedback to the web user. A generic software template, using a cloud service, was developed to facilitate easy communication between the web browser and the control system. The sixth and most recent RoboLab, aiming at the production and measurement of 234mPa (T1/2 = 1.16 min), has been successfully developed and implemented using this template.
A taxonomy for similarity metrics between Markov decision processes
Authors: García Javier , Visús Álvaro , Fernández Fernando 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAlthough the notion of task similarity is potentially interesting in a wide range of areas such as curriculum learning or automated planning, it has mostly been tied to transfer learning. Transfer is based on the idea of reusing the knowledge acquired in the learning of a set of source tasks to a new learning process in a target task, assuming that the target and source tasks areclose enough. In recent years, transfer learning has succeeded in making reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms more efficient (e.g., by reducing the number of samples needed to achieve (near-)optimal performance). Transfer in RL is based on the core concept ofsimilarity: whenever the tasks aresimilar, the transferred knowledge can be reused to solve the target task and significantly improve the learning performance. Therefore, the selection of good metrics to measure these similarities is a critical aspect when building transfer RL algorithms, especially when this knowledge is transferred from simulation to the real world. In the literature, there are many metrics to measure the similarity between MDPs, hence, many definitions ofsimilarityor its complementdistancehave been considered. In this paper, we propose a categorization of these metrics and analyze the definitions ofsimilarityproposed so far, taking into account such categorization. We also follow this taxonomy to survey the existing literature, as well as suggesting future directions for the construction of new metrics.
Ukrainian standard variants in the 20th century: stylometry to the rescue
Authors: Lahjouji-Seppälä M. Zaidan , Rabus Achim , von Waldenfels Ruprecht 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this study, we use the General Regionally Annotated Corpus of Ukrainian (GRAC, www.uacorpus.org) as an experimental field for testing stylometric approaches for variationist analysis. While, in the last years, quantitative methods such as binomial mixed-effects regression models as well as machine-learning methods such as random forests have gained considerable popularity in corpus linguistics, methods from stylometry have not been used for variation-linguistic analysis very often. Using data from GRAC, we show that a stylometric approach can be useful to analyze the diachronic development of Standard Ukrainian in the 20th century. We take departure from the two main variants of Standard Ukrainian used in the interwar period in Soviet Ukraine, on the one hand, and Western Ukraine as it was part of the Polish republic, on the other. We ask: what can stylometry tell us about how these standards differed and about their subsequent fate in enlarged Soviet Ukraine after WWII?Our analysis shows that certain specifically Western Ukrainian features common during the first decades of the 20th century did not find their way into the post-WWII standard, while others were retained. Moreover, we show that, by and large, stylometry shows a stronger continuity of the Eastern than the Western standard.Methodologically, we demonstrate that stylometry can be used as a tool to start corpus-linguistic research from a bird’s-eye view and in an inductive manner, without formulating any hypotheses regarding particular variables, and later zoom in on hitherto unknown variables representing regional or diachronic differences.
Accessing the phenomenon of incompatibility in working students’ experience of university life
Authors: Grozev Vladislav H. , Easterbrook Matthew J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractUniversity students in paid employment have less time for studying, report more stress, and participate in fewer extracurricular activities than non-employed students. These negative outcomes that result from combining work and study can cause employed students to experience the domains of work, study, and social life as practically incompatible, but also to experience a sense of identity incompatibility. Therefore, we used insights from previous quantitative and qualitative data on employed students and previous work on identity incompatibility to generate two research questions (RQs): RQ1. What type(s) of incompatibility (practical, identity or other) do employed students experience? and RQ2. What strategies have they adopted to reduce the experienced incompatibility? In order to answer these questions, we performed a thematic analysis with a deductive approach on transcripts from 21 UK university students who we interviewed. The students reported two types of incompatibilities: practical incompatibility, which stems from the lack of time, lack of energy, and lack of social contact associated with combining work and study; and identity incompatibility, which emanates from status differences and differences between one’s own and others’ perception of oneself. In order to reduce or resolve these incompatibilities, the students also developed practical (e.g. taking paid leave) and cognitive (e.g. compartmentalising contexts) strategies. Finally, the students also noted how the experience of practical incompatibility can reaffirm their values of hard work and productivity and make them resilient learners.
Spillover and crossover effects of working time demands on work–life balance satisfaction among dual-earner couples: the mediating role of work–life conflict
Authors: Lott Yvonne , Wöhrmann Anne M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTo examine the spillover and crossover effects of working time demands (specifically, work contact in leisure time, evening work, and long work hours) on satisfaction with work–life balance among dual-earner couples, path analyses were conducted using data from the 2017/2018 German Family Panel (pairfam; N = 1,053 dual-earner couples). Working time demands were measured based on (a) answering work emails/phone calls in leisure time, (b) evening work, and (c) weekly work hours. High working time demands impaired workers’ work–life balance satisfaction due to higher levels of work–life conflict. They indirectly affected partners’ work–life balance satisfaction through two pathways: (a) workers’ and partners’ work–life conflict and (b) workers’ work–life conflict and work–life balance satisfaction. These findings indicate that high working time demands negatively impact the work–life balance satisfaction of workers and their partners because of work–life conflict experienced either by the workers only or by both partners. In an increasingly digitalized labor market, measures are needed to reduce working time demands—and thus work–life conflict—for workers and their partners.
The role of epigenetics in T-cell lymphoma
Authors: Yamagishi Makoto 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMalignant lymphomas are a group of diseases with epigenomic abnormalities fundamental to pathogenesis and pathophysiology. They are characterized by a high frequency of abnormalities related to DNA methylation regulators (DNMT3A, TET2, IDH2, etc.) and histone modifiers (EZH2, HDAC, KMT2D/MLL2, CREBBP, EP300, etc.). These epigenomic abnormalities directly amplify malignant clones. They also originate from a hematopoietic stem cell-derived cell lineage triggered by epigenomic changes. These characteristics are linked to their high affinity for epigenomic therapies. Hematology has led disease epigenetics in the areas of basic research, clinical research, and drug discovery. However, epigenomic regulation is generally recognized as a complex system, and gaps exist between basic and clinical research. To provide an overview of the status and importance of epigenomic abnormalities in malignant lymphoma, this review first summarizes the concept and essential importance of the epigenome, then outlines the current status and future outlook of epigenomic abnormalities in malignant lymphomas.