bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Realistic strategies” and neutral processes drive the community assembly based on leaf functional traits in a subtropical evergreen broad‐leaved forest
Authors: Zhao Lijuan , Xiang Wenhua , Li Jiaxiang , Liu Wenqian , Hu Yanting , Wu Huili , Zhang Yiling , Cheng Xing , Wang Weijia , Wang Wentao , Ouyang Shuai 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNeutral‐theory‐based stochastic and niche‐theory‐based determinative processes are commonly used to explain the mechanisms of natural community assembly. However, considerable uncertainty remains regarding the relative importance of different ecological processes in shaping forest communities. Functional traits and phylogeny provide important information about plant environmental adaptation strategies and evolutionary history and promise a better mechanistic and predictive understanding of community assembly. Based on nine leaf functional traits and phylogenetic data of 18 dominant species in a Lithocarpus glaber–Cyclobalanopsis glauca evergreen broad‐leaved forest, we analyzed the variation in traits, explored the influence of phylogeny and environment on leaf traits, and distinguished the relative effects of spatial and environmental variables on functional traits and phylogenetic compositions. The results showed the following: (i) Leaf traits had moderate intraspecific variation, and significant interspecific variation existed especially among life forms. (ii) Significant phylogenetic signals were detected only in leaf thickness and leaf area. The correlations among traits both supported “the leaf economics spectrum” at the species and community levels, and the relationships significantly increased or only a little change after removing the phylogenetic influence, which showed a lack of consistency between the leaf functional trait patterns and phylogenetic patterns. We infer the coexistent species tended to adopt “realism” to adapt to their habitats. (iii) Soil total potassium and phosphorus content, altitude, aspect, and convexity were the most critical environmental factors affecting functional traits and phylogenetic composition. Total environmental and spatial variables explained 63.38% of the variation in functional trait composition and 47.96% of the variation in phylogenetic structures. Meanwhile, the contribution of pure spatial factors was significantly higher than that of the pure environment. Stochastic processes played dominant roles in driving community functional trait assembly, but determinative processes such as environmental filtering had a stronger effect on shaping community phylogenetic structure at a fine scale.
Using temporal genomics to understand contemporary climate change responses in wildlife
Authors: Jensen Evelyn L. , Leigh Deborah M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMonitoring the evolutionary responses of species to ongoing global climate change is critical for informing conservation. Population genomic studies that use samples from multiple time points (“temporal genomics”) are uniquely able to make direct observations of change over time. Consequently, only temporal studies can show genetic erosion or spatiotemporal changes in population structure. Temporal genomic studies directly examining climate change effects are currently rare but will likely increase in the coming years due to their high conservation value. Here, we highlight four key genetic indicators that can be monitored using temporal genomics to understand how species are responding to climate change. All indicators crucially rely on having a suitable baseline that accurately represents the past condition of the population, and we discuss aspects of study design that must be considered to achieve this.
Association of congestion with worsening renal function in acute decompensated heart failure according to age
Authors: Odajima Susumu , Fujimoto Wataru , Kuroda Koji , Yamashita Soichiro , Imanishi Junichi , Iwasaki Masamichi , Todoroki Takafumi , Okuda Masanori , Hayashi Takatoshi , Konishi Akihide , Shinohara Masakazu , Toh Ryuji , Hirata Ken‐ichi , Tanaka Hidekazu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimsAcute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is a frequent cause of hospitalization for patients with heart disease, and ADHF patients are at high risk of heart failure (HF) re‐hospitalization. Residual congestion at discharge is also a strong predictor of poor outcomes and re‐hospitalization for ADHF patients. However, the impact of residual congestion at discharge on worsening renal function (WRF) in both high‐aged and older patients remains uncertain because previous studies of WRF in ADHF patients were conducted for older patients. We therefore designed and conducted a retrospective, population‐based study using the Kobe University Heart Failure Registry in Awaji Medical Center (KUNIUMI) Registry to investigate the association of residual congestion at discharge with WRF in ADHF patients according to age.Methods and resultsWe studied 966 hospitalized ADHF patients with a mean age of 80.2 ± 11.4 years from among 1971 listed in the KUNIUMI Registry. WRF was defined as an increase of ≥0.3 mg/dL in the serum creatinine level during the hospital stay compared with the value on admission. The primary endpoint was defined as cardiovascular death or HF re‐hospitalization after discharge over a mean follow‐up period of 2.0 ± 0.1 years. The primary endpoint was recorded for 369 patients (38.2%). As expected, patients with both WRF and residual congestion at discharge had significantly less favourable outcomes compared with those without one of them, and patients without either of these two characteristics had the most favourable outcomes, whereas those with residual congestion and with WRF had the least favourable outcomes. Moreover, WRF was significantly associated with worse outcomes for high‐aged patients ≥80 years old, but not for those <80 years old if decongested. Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that both residual congestion at discharge and WRF were the independent predictors of outcomes for high‐aged patients, but residual congestion at discharge, not WRF, was the independent predictor of outcomes for older patients.ConclusionsAssociation of residual congestion at discharge with WRF for hospitalized ADHF patients can differ according to age. Our findings showed the importance of WRF and residual congestion at discharge for high‐aged ADHF patients and of aggressive diuresis to alleviate congestion for older ADHF patients for better management of such patients in a rapidly ageing society.
Characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients with acute heart failure with a supranormal left ventricular ejection fraction
Authors: van Essen Bart J. , Tromp Jasper , ter Maaten Jozine M. , Greenberg Barry H. , Gimpelewicz Claudio , Felker G. Michael , Davison Beth A. , Severin Thomas , Pang Peter S. , Cotter Gad , Teerlink John R. , Metra Marco , Voors Adriaan A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimRecent data suggest that guideline‐directed medical therapy of patients with heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) might improve clinical outcomes in patients with HF up to a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 55–65%, whereas patients with higher LVEF do not seem to benefit. Recent data have shown that LVEF may have a U‐shaped relation with outcome, with poorer outcome also in patients with supranormal values. This suggests that patients with supranormal LVEF may be a distinctive group of patients.Methods and resultsRELAX‐AHF‐2 was a multicentre, placebo‐controlled trial on the effects of serelaxin on 180‐day cardiovascular (CV) mortality and worsening HF at day 5 in patients with acute HF. Echocardiograms were performed at hospital admission in 6128 patients: 155 (2.5%) patients were classified as HF with supranormal ejection fraction (HFsnEF; LVEF >65%), 1440 (23.5%) as HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF; LVEF 50–65%), 1353 (22.1%) as HF with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF; LVEF 41–49%) and 3180 (51.9%) as HFrEF (LVEF <40%). Patients with HFsnEF compared to HFpEF were more often women, had higher prevalence of non‐ischaemic HF, had lower levels of natriuretic peptides, were less likely to be treated with beta‐blockers and had higher blood urea nitrogen plasma levels. All‐cause mortality was not statistically different between groups, although patients with HFsnEF had the highest numerical rate. A declining trend was seen in the proportion of 180‐day deaths due to CV causes from HFrEF (290/359, 80.8%) to HFsnEF (14/24, 58.3%). The reverse was observed with death from non‐CV causes. No treatment effect of serelaxin was observed in any of the subgroups.ConclusionsIn this study, only 2.5% of patients were classified as HFsnEF. HFsnEF was primarily characterized by female sex, lower natriuretic peptides and a higher risk of non‐CV death.
Recent Advances in the Development and Synthesis of Carbohydrate‐Based Molecules with Promising Antibacterial Activity
Authors: de Matos Ana Marta 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWith the rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), innovation in antibacterial drug research and development is urgently needed and strongly encouraged by the World Health Organization (WHO). Carbohydrates are valuable bioactive scaffolds to be explored in this context, and because of their unique multifunctionality, stereochemical diversity, and natural protein‐binding profile, they come across as attractive starting materials for the synthesis of antimicrobial agents with innovative mechanisms of action (MoA). In this concise review, state‐of‐the‐art methodologies for the synthesis of an array of promising and recently developed carbohydrate‐based molecules with antibacterial activity are presented and discussed. By describing successful case studies as platforms for the scrutiny of carbohydrate modification and coupling approaches in organic chemistry, this work summarizes the latest research efforts in this area, ultimately encouraging the design and synthesis of new and much‐needed glycoantibiotic leads for pharmaceutical development.
Reaction‐to‐fire testing of bus interior materials: Assessing burning behaviour and smoke gas toxicity
Authors: Klippel Andrea , Hofmann Anja , Gnutzmann Tanja , Piechnik Kira 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAlthough fire safety regulations for buses have been adapted in recent years regarding, for example, fire detection and engine fire suppression systems, the changes in regulations for bus interior materials are minimal. A comparison of fire safety regulations for interior materials in other transport sectors for trains, ships or aircraft reveals a much lower level of requirements for bus materials. Although repeated bus accidents as well as fire statistics show the danger a bus fire can pose to passengers. In particular, the combination of a fire incident and passengers with reduced mobility led to severe disasters in Germany and other European countries. To enhance the fire safety for passengers, the interior bus materials are crucial as the fire development in the bus cabin determines whether escape and rescue is possible. Against this background, bus interior materials were tested in different fire test scenarios. Measurement of a wide variety of parameters, for example, the mass loss, ignition time, smoke gas composition, heat release rate among others were carried out. Tested materials complied to the newest set of requirements. For this purpose, interior materials and their components had to be identified according to their chemical structure. Parts of the tests were funded by BASt (Federal Highway Research Institute) in the project 82.0723/2018. Experimental results show reaction‐to‐fire behaviour which lead to very limited times for escape and rescue in case of fire in a bus cabin. Based on the studies on fire behaviour and toxicity assessment, recommendations for improved fire safety regulations for interior materials could be made.
Effects of high‐temperature short‐time processing on nutrition quality of Pacific saury (Cololabis saira) using extracted fatty acids as the indicator
Authors: Ding Kaihui , Wang Yifen , Luan Donglei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMicrowave thermal processing is a promising technology to greatly improve product quality by achieving high‐temperature short‐time (HTST) processing for solid foods. And the non‐thermal effect of microwave fields on nutritional quality is a major public concern. To distinguish the non‐thermal effect of microwave fields, the thermal effect of HTST processing should be revealed first. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different HTST processing on quality of Pacific saury fillets using extracted fatty acids as the indicator. A self‐developed thermal processing system was used to conduct the HTST processing with different heating rate (5.48–18.30°C/min), maximum heating temperature (123, 133 °C), and thermal processing level (F0 = 3.0 min, 6.0 min). Results showed that the extraction coefficient of lipids and fatty acids decreased with increasing heating rates, which implied less thermal damage of fish tissue, while higher thermal processing level increased these extraction coefficients. However, higher maximum processing temperature caused serious thermal damage of fatty acids, especially for PUFAs. Furthermore, changing pattern of each fatty acid during different HTST processing was revealed, which provided fundamental data for designing microwave thermal processing and exploring microwave non‐thermal effects.
Radiomics based on magnetic resonance imaging for preoperative prediction of lymph node metastasis in head and neck cancer: Machine learning study
Authors: Wang Yuepeng , Yu Taihui , Yang Zehong , Zhou Yuwei , Kang Ziqin , Wang Yan , Huang Zhiquan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn this study, we use machine learning techniques to develop an efficient preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiomics approach for evaluation of cervical lymph node (CLN) status.MethodsAfter collecting all patients' MRI images, we used CLN radiomic features, the apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) from diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI), and lymph node short diameter of the CLN to build MRI model to predict the status of the CLN.ResultsOne hundred and twenty cases met inclusion criteria. The MRI model including the radiomic features, ADC, and lymph node size of the CLN achieved better performance for CLN status prediction with the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of 0.83.ConclusionsThe multiomic signature of MRI radiomics, ADC, and lymph node size of CLNs has high predictive value for the status of CLNs. This model has provided scientific value to the surgeon regarding cervical lymph nodes before surgery.
Systemic conditions associated with increased risk to develop oral squamous cell carcinoma: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Dos Santos Erison Santana , Pérez‐de‐Oliveira Maria Eduarda , Normando Ana Gabriela Costa , Gueiros Luiz Alcino Monteiro , Rogatto Silvia Regina , Vargas Pablo Agustin , Lopes Márcio Ajudarte , da Silva Guerra Eliete Neves , Leme Adriana Franco Paes , Santos‐Silva Alan Roger 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to map systemic alterations predisposing to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) onset. This review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses. Five databases were used to access (1) reports of OSCC co‐occurring in patients with systemic conditions, (2) prevalence of OSCC among these patients, and (3) clinicopathological profiles. Data from more than 1 million patients worldwide showed that Fanconi's anemia, xeroderma pigmentosum, dyskeratosis congenital, chronic fatigue syndrome, and patients post bone marrow transplantation (BMT) present increased risk for OSCC development. The overall prevalence of OSCC in syndromic patients and post‐BMT were 0.65% (95% CI = 0.13–3.11, p < 0.01) and 5.83% (95% CI = 0.00–30.90, p < 0.01), respectively. The certainty of the evidence was moderate. This study demonstrated that some systemic conditions predispose to OSCC. These results present an impact on the screening of OSCC in systemically compromised patients.
Towards CR2 evaluation: Culturally ‐reflexive and ‐responsive evaluation in crises times and beyond
Authors: Gautier Lara 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMore than ever, health services evaluators are in high demand. In such context, evaluation deliverables are time‐ and/or culturally‐sensitive. For the target communities or for those with an interest in the evaluation, the priority is to make sure their voice is prominently featured in evaluation deliverables. This priority coincides with a context where evaluators need to negotiate their positionality, in a context where evaluation deliverables are time‐ and/or culturally‐sensitive. Beyond the mere inclusion of health service users as evaluation stakeholders, how do evaluators position themselves in these discussions? How do they meaningfully navigate this new paradigm in health services evaluation? This issue refers to intangible processes, which can be supported through both natural predisposition and the acquisition of specific skills. Core competencies for credentialled evaluators now all feature the importance of self‐awareness and reflexive thinking; as well as the demonstration of appropriate and respectful verbal and non‐verbal communication skills, and the capacity to identify practice communities' needs and capacity to participate, while recognising, respecting, and responding to aspects of diversity. Culturally‐responsive evaluation is a promising approach to reconcile the world of evaluators and diverse practice communities. Recently, the concept of cultural humility—a reflexive learning process initially designed for frontline workers—has also gained important traction. In this perspective paper, we reflect on the added‐value of combining these two approaches (hence, CR2 evaluation—reflexive and responsive) to fulfil the promise of patient and community‐centeredness in health service evaluation.
Prevalence of mental health problems in mothers of preterm infants admitted to NICU: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Deshwali Akanksha , Dadhwal Vatsla , Vanamail Perumal , Sagar Rajesh , Sharma Aparna , Agarwal Ramesh , Malhotra Neena , Bharti Juhi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo study the prevalence of mental health problems among mothers of preterm infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).MethodsIn this cross‐sectional two‐arm study, 130 mothers in each group, with either term infants not in NICU or preterm infants admitted to NICU, underwent mental health assessment using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, Centre for Epidemiologic Studies—Depression Scale, Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire and Modified Parental Stress Scale—NICU. Their coping styles and quality of life were also assessed. Data were analyzed using SPSS IBM 25.0.ResultsAnxiety (66.2% versus 46.9%) and depression (45.4% versus 23.1%) were more common among NICU mothers. Regarding subdomains of acute stress reaction, a higher number of NICU mothers showed symptoms of anxiety, re‐experience and functional impairment. For mothers with infants in NICU, sight, sound, and parental role alterations were stressful. They had reduced quality of life scores in domains of physical health, psychological health, and social relationships. Also, a higher number of these mothers exhibited problem‐solving and emotion‐focused coping.ConclusionPreterm birth with NICU admission of the infant is more stressful for a mother than the term birth of a healthy neonate. It affects her mental health and quality of life. Both the obstetrician and the pediatrician should be mindful of this.
Dynamic volume variation of uterine leiomyomas during pregnancy
Authors: Ye Miaomiao , Huang Wenbin , Chen Fengyun , Chen Weinan , Zhu Xueqiong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the volume variation of uterine leiomyomas and explore factors predicting their growth trends during pregnancy.MethodA retrospective observational study was performed on pregnant women with uterine leiomyomas between January 2016 and April 2020. The uterine leiomyoma volume was acquired from obstetrical ultrasound at the first, second, and third trimesters of gestation. A binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the factors influencing the volume variation of uterine leiomyomas during pregnancy.ResultsA total of 278 pregnant women diagnosed with uterine leiomyomas were enrolled. The volumetric increase in uterine leiomyomas during pregnancy exhibited a higher growth rate from the first to second trimester (34.09%) than that from the second to third trimester (30.08%). Smaller uterine leiomyomas were more likely to increase in size from the first to second trimester and from the first to third trimester. Retroplacental uterine leiomyomas were more likely to increase in volume than that for uterine leiomyomas located away from the placenta in pregnant women from the second to third trimester.ConclusionThe uterine leiomyoma volume was potentially enlarged in a nonlinear growth pattern during pregnancy, which was associated with the former volume of uterine leiomyomas and the spatial relationship between leiomyoma‐placental site.
Laparoscopically assisted ovarian cystectomy with totally enclosed protective device for tumor isolation
Authors: Yu Huan , Liang Jing , Liang Haiyan , Feng Dingqing , Ling Bin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo present a novel totally enclosed protective device for tumor isolation in laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted of 16 patients with unilateral ovarian teratoma in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the China‐Japan Friendship Hospital. Laparoscopic surgery was performed with a totally enclosed protective device for tumor isolation, followed by a case series retrospective study. The indexes measured included size of cyst, rate of intraoperative rupture, duration of operation, amount of intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative length of stay in the hospital. An intact cyst resected in the device with no spillage seen indicated a successful surgery.ResultsA total of 16 operations were performed successfully. The mean diameter of the cysts was 7.2 ± 1.4 cm. Of them, 12 (75%) had an intraoperative cyst rupture without spillage. The mean duration of surgery was 1.3 ± 0.1 h and the mean amount of intraoperative blood loss was 12.5 ± 3.2 ml. All postoperative histology tests showed benign cysts. The mean length of stay after surgery was 2.4 ± 0.5 days. No peritonitis‐related symptoms or complaints were reported.ConclusionLaparoscopically assisted ovarian cystectomy with a totally enclosed protective device for tumor isolation was confirmed safe and feasible.
A case of primary renal oncocytic tumor: Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma or oncocytoma?
Authors: Matsui Kenta , Uchida Katsunori , Kanai Masahiro , Asakawa Kana , Usui Miki , Murata Tetsuya 
Published: September 2022

Introduction“Other oncocytic renal tumors of the kidney” is a new category constituted by 2022 WHO classification and different in the point of morphology and immunohistochemistory from typical oncocytic/eosinophilic renal tumors including chromophobe renal cell carcinoma and oncocytoma.Case presentationThe patient was an 84‐year‐old woman in whom a left renal tumor was incidentally discovered. She underwent left nephrectomy, and the pathological specimens showed a borderline eosinophilic renal tumor between chromophobe renal cell carcinoma and renal oncocytoma. After all recognized oncocytic tumors were excluded, we diagnosed the tumor as other oncocytic renal tumor of the kidney.ConclusionOther oncocytic renal tumor of the kidney is a provisional category. Therefore, further research and accumulation of similar cases are necessary.