bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in a sample of Egyptian railway drivers
Authors: Abdel Dayem Aya M. , Madkour Ashraf M. , Abdel-Fattah Eman B. , Abdelazeem Mai M. 
Published: January 2022

Background
There are scanty international and even no Egyptian studies addressing the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in railway drivers with an expected high risk of accidents. Thus, it is worth studying and assessing the prevalence and predictors of OSAS among Egyptian railway drivers.

Patients and methods
This prospective cross-sectional screening study was conducted on 160 Egyptian railway drivers. They were subjected to medical history taking and examination, anthropometric measurements, oxygen saturation (SpO2) by oximetry, arterial blood gases, Friedman obstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome score measurement, and Arabic version of both Berlin and STOP BANG questionnaires. Then, limited night polysomnography (PSG) was performed in high-risk patients. Finally, full channel PSG was done for positive limited night PSG.

Results
The prevalence of sleep apnea among the studied cases was 4.22%. There was high statistically significant difference between the non-OSAS group and the OSAS group regarding age less than or equal to 49 years [odds ratio (OR)=11.364], witnessed apneas during sleep (OR=175), weight in kg more than 95 (OR=13.00), PaO2 less than or equal to 88 (OR=31.0), PaCO2 more than 39 (OR=31.0), and average SPO2 less than or equal to 88 (OR=34.0). Regarding parameters of limited night PSG, the apnea–hypopnea index cutoff point was more than or equal to 5 with an area under the curve (AUC) of 100%, O2 desaturation index cutoff point was more than 17.2 with an AUC of 100%; lastly, the average SPO2 cutoff point was less than or equal to 88% with an AUC of 76.4%.

Conclusion
This study highlights for the first time that the prevalence of OSAS was 4.2% in a sample of Egyptian railway drivers. Our results further point out that weight, neck circumference, systolic blood pressure, PaO2, and PaCO2 are the most useful predictors of suspecting OSAS. Also, parameters of limited PSG are considered a useful tool in confirming suspected patients with OSAS.
Side-to-side versus end-to-side ileocolic anastomosis in right-sided colectomies
Authors: Lin Snow Yunni , Liang Buan Bryan Jun , Sim Wilson , Jain Sneha Rajiv , Ying Chang Heidi Sian , Lee Kuok Chung , Chong Choon Seng 
Published: January 2022

Aims:
The three main types of anastomotic configurations following colorectal resection are Side-to-Side Anastomosis (S-S), End-to-Side Anastomosis (E-S) and End-to-End Anastomosis (E-E). This study aims to present results from a local cohort supplemented by a systematic review with meta-analysis of existing literature to compare the post-operative outcomes between E-S and S-S.

Methods:
A cohort study of patients who underwent right colectomy with E-S or S-S anastomosis, was conducted at the National University Hospital Singapore. Electronic databases Embase and Medline were systematically searched from inception to 21 August 2020, in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines. Studies were included if they compared post-operative outcomes between E-S and S-S.

Results:
In the cohort study, 40 underwent E-S and 154 underwent S-S. Both post-operative ileus (12.5% vs. 29.2%, P = 0.041) and length of hospital stay (9.35 days vs. 14.04 days, P = 0.024) favoured E-S, but anastomotic bleed favoured S-S (15.0% vs. 3.2%, P = 0.004). Five studies were included in the meta-analysis with 860 E-S and 1126 S-S patients. Similarly, post-operative ileus (odds ratio [OR] =0.302; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.122–0.747; P = 0.010) and length of hospital stay (mean differences = [FIGURE DASH]1.54 days; CI: [FIGURE DASH]3.00 to [FIGURE DASH]0.076 days; P = 0.039) favoured E-S. Additional sensitivity analysis including only stapled anastomosis showed a lower rate of anastomotic leak in E-S patients (OR = 0.185; 95% CI: 0.054–0.627; P = 0.007).

Conclusions:
This is the first systematic review to show that the E-S technique produces superior post-operative outcomes after right colectomy compared to S-S. However, the choice of anastomosis was largely surgeon dependent, but surgeon factors were not reported.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and restrictive measures on acute appendicitis
Authors: Herrera Jerónimo José , Arrechea Ramiro , Mihura Matías , Bregante Mariano , Medina José Pablo , Pirchi Daniel Enrique 
Published: January 2022

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic has altered the usual dynamics of consultation and presentation for acute appendicitis (AA). The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the pandemic and restrictive measures on the cases of AA.

Subjects and Methods:
A retrospective study of patients diagnosed with AA between December 2019 and July 2020 was conducted. Patients were classified into two groups; one that underwent treatment in the 16 weeks before the implementation of lockdown in Argentina (Group 1) and another that underwent treatment in the 16 weeks after (Group 2). Demographic, clinical and surgical variables were evaluated.

Results:
Overall, 91 patients underwent surgery, 61 and 30 patients in each group, showing a 51% drop in the incidence. The second group delayed seeking medical care longer (mean 46 h vs. 27 h, P < 0.05), had a higher rate of perforated appendicitis (30% vs. 11%, P < 0.05) and a higher rate of complicated appendicitis (56.6% vs. 18%, P < 0.01). These results were associated with a longer operative time (43.7 ± 15.5 min vs. 36.1 ± 11.1 min, P < 0.05) and a longer mean length of hospital stay (1.9 days vs. 1.4 days, P < 0.01); however, no increase in the quantity and severity of post-operative complications was observed.

Conclusion:
COVID-19 pandemic and restrictive social measures led to fewer consultations for abdominal pain, resulting in a lower number of AA diagnosed. In addition, a longer delay in seeking medical care was observed, leading to more advanced disease, longer operative time and length of hospital stay.
Open Veress assisted technique for laparoscopic entry
Authors: Peltrini Roberto , De Luca Marcello , Lionetti Ruggero , Bracale Umberto , Corcione Francesco 
Published: January 2022

Background:
The creation of the pneumoperitoneum is the first step for any minimally invasive surgical procedure. Although rare, iatrogenic vascular or visceral injuries are reported and they are mainly related to the insertion of the first trocar. The Open Veress Assisted (OVA) technique allows a safe maneuver of the first trocar in order to minimize the risk of intraoperative complications during positioning of the first trocar. The purpose of this study was to describe the OVA technique and discuss the use in our current surgical practice.

Patients and Methods:
Each step of OVA technique is described in the text. A retrospective review of prospectively maintained institutional databases was performed to report clinical outcomes related to OVA technique use.

Results:
Between December 2018 and July 2021 OVA technique was used in a total of 324 laparoscopic procedures categorized in 259 colorectal resection and 24 subtotal or total gastrectomies. No intraoperative and postoperative complications related to creation of the peritoneum occurred.

Conclusion:
OVA technique can be considered a safe alternative procedure for laparoscopic entry. By avoiding potentially dangerous insertion-related forces, this technique can be used even in previously operated patients, when the first trocar needs to be positioned away from the umbilicus or abdominal scar.
Paired Opposite 4 Mm Clear Corneal Incisions on Steep Meridian During Phacoemulsification
Authors: Binayi Faal Nazanin , Ojaghi Habib , Sadeghieh Ahari Saeid 
Published: January 2022

Purpose:
To evaluate the effect of opposite clear corneal incisions (OCCI) with 4 mm incisions on the steep meridian on postoperative astigmatism.

Methods:
This study was performed on 64 eyes of 55 patients with keratometric astigmatism of ≥ 1 diopter (D) undergoing phacoemulsification. Patients were divided into two groups, with-the-rule (WTR) astigmatism and against-the-rule (ATR) astigmatism. Initial incisions in the WTR group were performed on the temporal side with 3.2 mm keratome and paired stab incisions were performed on the steep meridian. At the end of the surgery, stab incisions were enlarged to 4 mm. Follow-up visits were scheduled at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively, which included refraction and keratometry.

Results:
It was found that the mean preoperative keratometric astigmatism was 2.06 ± 0.86 D. The postoperative mean keratometric astigmatism was 1.3 ± 0.7 D after 1 month and 1.2 ± 0.7 D after 12 months. The mean astigmatism correction between the preoperative measure and that taken at 1 month was statistically significant (P = 0.001), but there was no significant change in the severity of astigmatism afterward. The mean surgically-induced astigmatism was found to be 1.99 ± 0.9 D. The 12-month changes of mean absolute astigmatism were: 1.06 ± 0.7 D in the WTR group, and 0.53 ± 0.7 D in the ATR group. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P = 0.02).

Conclusion:
Based on our findings, we posit that paired OCCI on the steep axis, using 4 mm incisions is an effective technique to correct preoperative astigmatism.
Long-Term Visual and Refractive Stability and Ocular Biometric Changes after Laser-Assisted Subepithelial Keratomileusis for Correction of Myopia
Authors: Hashemian Seyed Javad , Es'haghi Acieh , Abdolalizadeh Parya , Ghiasian Leila , Aghaei Hossein , Jafari Mohammad Ebrahim , Hashemian Mahsa Sadat , Hashemian Seyed Mahyar 
Published: January 2022

Purpose:
To assess the long-term visual and refractive stability and ocular biometric changes in low to moderate myopic subjects treated by laser-assisted subepithelial keratomileusis (LASEK).

Methods:
It is a prospective, interventional study. Included were 70 eyes of 35 patients who underwent LASEK for correction of ≤6 diopters (D) myopia. The uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity (UDVA and CDVA), manifest refractions, and ocular biometric indices (by Lenstar-LS900, Haag-Streit AG, Koeniz, Switzerland) including keratometry, anterior chamber depth (ACD), aqueous depth (AD), axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), and lens thickness (LT) were assessed preoperatively and after 6 months and 8 years.

Results:
Mean preoperative spherical equivalent was −3.99 (standard deviation [SD] =1.38) D which improved to 0.02 (SD = 0.27, P < 0.001) D and −0.10 (SD = 0.31, P < 0.001) D at 6 months and 8 years, respectively. The preoperative AL was not different from postoperative measures at 6 months (P = 0.15) and 8 years (P = 0.47). The ACD and AD decreased during 8 years, while LT increased (all P ≤ 0.001). The changes of LT inversely correlated with changes of ACD (rs = −0.67, P = 0.001 at 6 months and rs = −0.87, P < 0.001 at 8 years) and AD (rs = −0.76, P < 0.001 at 6 months and rs = −0.86, P < 0.001 at 8 years). The CCT and keratometry values reduced at 6 months postoperatively (all P < 0.001) and then did not change up to 8 years (0.21 ≤ P ≤ 0.87).

Conclusions:
The post-LASEK myopic regression is 0.1 D over 8 years. Ocular biometric values like keratometry, CCT, ACD, AD, and LT have been changed for a long period after LASEK in low to moderate myopia except AL.
Interferences in Writing Skills Performance of BA Students Enrolled in Norwegian Didactics
Authors: Pop Raluca 
Published: January 2022

This article investigates different types of language errors performed in a written summative exam by ten BA students enrolled in an elective Norwegian Didactics course in Romania. The corpus comprising the students’ exam papers was analysed qualitatively to identify various types of errors. The theoretical model suggested by Gass & Selinker (1994) was used to discuss issues of error analysis. A survey was then conducted to receive student feedback on the reported errors in the texts. Findings indicate that students make both inter-lingual and intra-lingual errors and that error analysis can be helpful when designing L2 Norwegian instructional materials.

Keywords: error analysis, foreign language teaching, language transfer, language distance, writing skills, Norwegian, Romanian.
SISTEM INFORMASI RELAWAN SAKSI TIM SUKSES PASLON 03 (ZAIRIN-SARWONO) PADA PILWALI 2020
Authors: Duki Muhammad , Fahrullah Fahrullah , Riyayatsyah Riyayatsyah 
Published: January 2022

Tujuan dilaksanakannya penelitian ini untuk membuat aplikasi sistem informasi relawan saksi tim sukses pasangan calon 03 (Zairin-Sarwono) pada pilwali 2020 sehingga masalah lapangan yakni pendataan, penyaringan data fiktif, efisiensi waktu kerja, kemudahan mengakses laporan hasil kerja untuk menghemat pengeluaran, meminimalisir fraud (kecolongan, penggelembungan, dan rekayasa data), dan melakukan sampling calon pemilih mendapatkan solusi tepat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dan kajian pustaka. Metode rancang bangun aplikasinya menggunakan Rapid Application Development (RAD), ERD, DFD, FOD, HiPo dan CD. Sedangkan pilihan teknologi berupa website dan Android yang dibangun menggunakan framework Laravel, framework Quasar, dan database MySQL.
Setelah diujikan di lapangan, penggunaan aplikasi pendataan ini terbukti mampu mengurangi tingkat kerumitan, mengurangi pelaporan data yang sering overlap (tumpang tindih), mengurangi kecolongan data oleh pihak-pihak tidak bertanggung jawab, meminimalisir fraud (kecolongan, penggelembungan, dan rekayasa data) oleh oknum-oknum tidak bertanggungjawab. Dengan aplikasi ini, kesulitan dan hambatan saat berkolaborasi di pilwali Samarinda 2020 menjadi berkurang misalkan pelaporan, dan sebagainya sesuai fitur yang ada. aplikasi tersebut bisa untuk membantu tim sukses melakukan sampling calon pemilih sebagai upaya pemetaan keberhasilan kampanya lapangan. Fitur penginputan data master petugas, data master kordinator lapangan, data klasifikasi relawan, data klasifikasi penghubung, data klasifikasi saksi TPS, data klasifikasi saksi gugur, data klasifikasi temuan saksi TPS, dan data klasifikasi calon pemilih mampu meningkatkan kinerja tim lebih baik.
Image of Muslim Women and Media Discursivity: A Case Study of the Washington Post’s Discourses
Authors: Farooq Fatima , Sajid Muhammad Akbar , Maryam Fasiha 
Published: January 2022

Print media representation about Islam and Muslims has never been ideology free especially post 9/11. A war of words has ever been there between non-Muslim west and Muslims. The dichotomy of Otherisation divides the world into two poles i.e. good vs. evil. Similarly, the present research critically decodes discourse of articles published in an American newspaper i.e. ‘The Washington Post’ about representation of Muslim women. The data has been collected from the newspapers’ articles which appeared from June 2019 to December 2019. The study employs Fairclough’s (1993) model of Critical Discourse Analysis. The analytical categories of the mentioned model include representation, metaphor, lexicalization, back/fore grounding, in/out group and number game. The data has been analysed at the levels of word, sentence and discourse. The analysis of the data reveals that Muslim women are represented stereotypically through the discourse of the articles of the mentioned newspaper as oppressed, narrow minded, hijabbed, and deviation from norm. Moreover, according to western perception and representation of this American newspaper they are contriving to harm civilized West by introducing new system of caliphate to disturb the activities of civilized world. The study concludes that print media discourses act as distorting prism to represent a desired version of reality about Islam and Muslim women to shape the mindset of the target audience accordingly.
Penyuluhan Hukum Perlindungan Hak Petani Terhadap Pengembangan Varietas Tanaman Lokal Di Negeri Layeni Dan Negeri Wotay Kabupaten Maluku Tengah
Authors: Saija Ronald , Labetubun Muchtar Anshary Hamid , Nussy Michael , Nikodemus Jimris F 
Published: January 2022

Introduction: The use of resources in a directed and efficient manner requires complete availability of data and information regarding climatic conditions, soil and other physical environmental characteristics, as well as requirements for cultivated plants, especially plants that have sufficient market opportunities and economic meaning. The development of plantation commodities in Central Maluku Regency, Teon Nila Serua District, especially Negeri (Village) Layeni and Negeri Wotay is slower than the potential available land.Purposes of Devotion: Providing an understanding of the protection of traditional crop varieties for the rights of farmers, especially farmers in Negeri Layeni and Negeri Wotay, Central Maluku RegencyMethod of Devotion: Performed with the lecture method by each of the presenters. The lecturer is given time to deliver the material, after which the participants are invited to ask a problem or question, which is then answered in turn by the speaker according to the problem being asked.Results of the Devotion: Efforts to increase productivity are strongly influenced by success in improving the genetic potential of plant varieties. Activities that can produce more superior plant varieties need to be encouraged by providing incentives for people or business entities engaged in plant breeding that produce new varieties so as to provide greater added value to users. The strategy for developing superior plantation commodities must be implemented based on the principles of benefit and sustainability and integration. Plantation development in Central Maluku Regency must be based on land potential.
Edukasi Hak Perempuan Dan Persamaan Gender Dalam Hukum Di Angkatan Muda Ranting Solagratia Ambon
Authors: Salamor Yonna Beatrix , Salamor Anna Maria , Uneputty Meidilin 
Published: January 2022

Introduction: The study of women has been widely carried out in various disciplines from a biological, historical, and cultural perspective. This study of women began to emerge after the awareness of society, especially women, about their different views, status and roles compared to men. The fact that there are differences between women and men from various aspects has prompted activists to fight for change and efforts to eliminate the views that cause these differences, so that the differences between women and men are only due to biological differences.Purposes of the Research: The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the view of women's rights in a small society and the emergence of gender inequality which can be one of the triggers for domestic violence (KDRT) in women.Methods: Community service activities carried out in the Solagratia Youth Force are a community service activity carried out in several stages, namely Identifying problems faced by cadres of AM GPM Subdistrict Solagratia, providing education about women's rights and gender equality for AM GPM Ranting Solagratia cadres . From the stages carried out, the method used in community service activities at AM GPM Ranting Solagratia is an educational method through legal counseling on women's rights and gender equality for AM GPM Ranting Solagratia cadres.Results / Findings / Novelty of the Research: After conducting identification based on data obtained from coordination with the executives of the Solagratia Subdistrict AM GPM, a community service activity was planned for January 30, 2021. After conducting educational activities on women's rights and gender equality through counseling given to all cadres of the Solagratia GPM Youth Force There are several facts that are quite surprising, including a lack of knowledge about the right to get the highest education without exception, so that it creates the mindset of both parents and members themselves who think it is important that women have graduated from high school in order to help the family economy by working and ignore the desire to continue education to a higher stage. Second, female cadre members often experience domestic violence as a result of marriage at a young age.
Outcomes of surgical treatment of Stanford type of aortic dissection at Hanoi Heart Hospital in the period 2015-2020
Authors: Minh Nguyen Thai , Thien Le Quang , Hien Nguyen Sinh , Ha Nguyen Hoang , Hung Nguyen Dang , Phong Nguyen Huu 
Published: January 2022

Background: Stanford type A aortic dissection is a complex disease and a serious surgical emergency. The diagnosis is determined based on diagnostic imagines. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment, with high mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to comment on clinical and paraclinical characteristics and evaluate the results of surgical treatment of type A aortic dissection at Hanoi Heart Hospital within 5 years from 2015 to 2020.
Methods: Retrospective and descriptive study of patients diagnosed with type A aortic dissection who were surgically treated at Hanoi Heart Hospital from January 2015 to May 2020.
Results: 109 cases were included in the study with the mean age of 56.0 ± 14.4; 50 - 60 age accounted for the highest percentage (30.3%); men accounted for 67.9%. Classic type A aortic dissection in 95 cases (87.2%). Chest pain was the main clinical symptom (91.7%); 4.6% came to the hospital in a state of cardiogenic shock and circulatory arrest. The rate of Marfan phenotype was 13.8%. The most common surgery is replacing the ascending aorta (45.9%); total replacement of the aortic arch accounted for 17.4%; Total root replacement and aortic arch accounted for 3.7%. The average aortic pairing time was 120.7 ± 41.0 minutes, the mean running time was 179.7 ± 57.0 minutes. Re-operative bleeding accounted for 6,4%; cerebrovascular accident accounted for 2,8%. The early mortality rate after surgery was 9.2%. The mean follow-up time was 24.93 ± 16.13 months, the mean survival time was 52.0 ± 1.9 months, the survival rate was 88.1% after 1 year and 85.3% after 5 years.
Conclusion: Early mortality, postoperative complications and survival rate after follow-up were positive with surgical technique and conditions of anesthesia and resuscitation at Hanoi Heart Hospital.
Clinical characteristics, laboratory findings and anatomy of intracranial aneurysms in group of patients treated with flow diverter stent (Pipeline)
Authors: Van Hoang 
Published: January 2022

Background: This study aim to report our experience with cerebral aneurysm, which may improve in the treatment with the flow diverter stent and follow up.
Methods: This study was conducted in consecutive series of 23 patients. 23 procedures were performed for treating these patients in Ha Noi heart hospital from January 2019 to January 2020. 23 flow diverter stents (Pipeline) were used. Aneurysm morphology, stent patency and cerebral parenchyma before and after intervention were analyzed on images of digital subtraction angiography (DSA), computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR). The follow-up data after 3–6 months and 12 months were recorded.
Results: In 23 patients (8 men, 15 women), aneurysms of internal carotid artery were mostly common (95.7%), especially in cavernous segments. 13 cases (74%) had saccular aneurysms, and 2 cases (9%) had multiple aneurysms, and only 3 cases (13%) had fusiform aneurysms. Endovascular treatment was successfully performed at rate of 100%. Mortality and morbidity rates were 0% and 0%, respectively. MRI and MSCT follow-up at 3 months showed complete or incomplete occlusions of aneurysms was 26.1% or 34.8%, respectively.
Conclusion: Unruptured intracranial aneurysms are often detected incidentally on screening imaging in high risk patients, such as women, middle age, estrogen deficiency, and hypertension. The aneurysm is usually small in the cavernous segment of the anterior cerebral artery.