bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial and Environmental activity of biogenic CS-GO nanoparticles on Uropathogens
Authors: Alzubaidy Fatima Hamza , Aldujaili Nawfal Hussein 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Bioproduction options for nanoparticles are becoming a highly significant subject, with environmental and economic benefits over physical and chemical processes. The purpose of the current study is to detect the antimicrobial activity of chitosan-Graphene oxide nanoparticles that include The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) is a method of determining antibacterial activity, Antibiofilm Activity by Tissue culture plate method, Antioxidant activity, and finally the hemolysis activity of mixing nanoparticles CS-GO that synthesis biologically. the result of Antibacterial activity showed the ID50 for inhibition is at a concentration (1 mg/ml), while the Antibiofilm activity result shows the high concentration of CS-GO nanoparticles (16 mg/ml) showed the higher activity in inhibition of biofilm formation while the less concentration (0.6mg/ml) appeared very low inhibition activity on biofilm formation. The antioxidant activity of nanoparticles showed the high scavenging ability at a concentration (600 mg/ml) as (54.06%) while the less concentration (100mg/ml) appeared scavenger ability as (29.42%) also the hemolysis activity on CS-GO nanoparticles on blood showed different ability at different concentration, the preferred concentration (1mg/ml) show no hemolysis on blood.
Facile one-step synthesis of Au-ZnO/MWCNTs for photocatalytic treatment of Reactive Blue dye in aqueous solution
Authors: Alshamsil Hassan A. , Nema Qusay A. , Alwan Salam H. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this work, the multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) based gold-zinc oxide (Au-ZnO) nanocomposite has been synthesized for visible light driven photocatalytic decolorization of reactive blue-4 (RB4) dye. The Au-ZnO/MWCNTs nanophotocatalyst has been successfully synthesized via thermal treatment method at 600 0C. The physico-chemical properties of MWCNTs and Au-ZnO/MWCNTs have been investigated via powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The synergistic effect of MWCNTs and Au NPs doping could offers an interesting opportunity to design photocatalyst material with the maximum absorption shift to the visible region of the spectrum, where photocatalytic activity can be enhanced. The results exhibited the growth of Au and ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) on the MWCNTs surface with an average diameter of 20 – 30 nm. The photodecolorization of RB4 dye was investigated by changing pH (3-11), dosage of photocatalyst (0.2-1.4 g/L), and initial RB4 concentration (25–100 mg/L). Under best treatment conditions (pH 11 and catalyst dosage 1.0 g/L), the best photodecolorization efficiency was reached 94.91 %. Based to the obtained results, the photodecolorization efficiency adopting Au-ZnO/MWCNTs photocatalyst was stated to be a promising route for remediation the organic pollutants in aqueous solutions
Environmental Removal of brilliant yellow Dye onto Porous Adsorbent Derived from Pomegranate peels Waste
Authors: Aljeboree Aseel M. , Lafta Holya A. , Abdulkadhm Mohammed Mustafa , Hamad Baraa A. , Dheyaa Noor B. , Al-Dhalimy Aiman Mohammed Baqir , Alkaim Ayad F. , Abed Salwan Ali 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Recently, the adsorption process relied on the use of low-cost, available and eco-friendly materials to reduce costs. Pomegranate peels(PPs) have been used as environmental and inexpensive bio-sorbent material to remove dye (brilliant yellow) from aqueous solution. characterization of Pomegranate peels(PPs) via two techniques like FTIR, FESEM to analyze the morphology and chemical groups of Pomegranate peels(PPs) before and after sorption of brilliant yellow dye, Adsorption method is occurred under some optimum conditions like initial dye concentration, mass of adsorbent and contact time Where the Pomegranate peels(PPs) un-activated, the ability to be recycled and used again, by washing it (water, acid and base). Isotherm Freundlich and isotherm Langmuir as models were utilized to investigate the adsorption method. It was find that the model Langmuir better described the experimental result.
Biosorption by Environmental, Natural and Acid-Activated Orange Peels as Low-Cost Aadsorbent: Optimization of Disperse Blue 183 as a Model
Authors: Taifi Ahmed , Alkadir Ola Kamal A. , Oda Athraa A. , Aljeboree Aseel M. , Al Bayaa Abdul Latif , Alkaim Ayad F. , Abed Salwan Ali 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this research, agricultural waste was used as effective, environmentally friendly and inexpensive adsorbents one type of agricultural waste such as orange peels ( NOP) to remove Disperse Blue 183 dye from its aqueous solution in this study using three kind Natural orange peels ( NOP), Activated Carbon Orange Peels (ACOP) and Acid-Activated Carbon Orange Peels ( AACOP). Preparation of acid-activation Orange Peel (AACOP) using 0.1N phosphoric acid, where the adsorption efficiency of NOP, ACOP and AACOP synthesis were 120.22, 125.67 and 155.12 mg/g and removal percentage E% (80.21%,92.34%,98.22% ), respectively. The (FTIR ) and (FESEM ) technique was used to determine the surface characteristics before and after the adsorption process. Two types of adsorption isotherms were studied, the Freindlich and Langmuir model. The equilibrium data showed that it obeys the Freindlich model where the value of ( R2= 0.9777) was compared with the Langmuir model ( R2= 0.9533). Parameters were derived Thermodynamic including (ΔG°), (ΔH°), and (ΔS°) are found to be spontaneous and endothermic in nature.
Environmental, Biochemical and Hematological study in rats exposed to Cadmium Chloride in Drinking Water and the role of Vitamin E and C
Authors: Alsudani Arjwan A 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The present study was carried out to determine the synergistic role of vitamin E and vitamin C in reducing the toxic effects of cadmium chloride on some blood parameters (RBC count, Hb concentration, PCV, Total WBC count, Differential WBC count), as well as some biochemical parameters which include (Malondialdehyde (MDA), Aspartate aminotransferase(AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Alkaline phosphatase(ALP), Creatinin, Urea) and some antioxidants (Superoxidedismutase(SOD), Glutathion-S-transferase(GST), Catalase(CAT). Forty adult male rats were divided into five equal groups. The first group was left without any treatment (the control group), the second was given cadmium chloride (30mg/L), the third was given cadmium chloride and vitamin E simultaneously, the fourth was given cadmium chloride and vitamin C simultaneously, the fifth was given cadmium chloride, vitamin E and vitamin C simultaneously. The results showed a significant decrease (P <0.05) in (RBC count, Hb concentration, PCV) and a significant increase (P <0.05) in WBC count (neutrophils and eosinophils). On the other hand, the results also showed an increase (P <0.05) in the concentration of (ALT, AST, ALP, Urea, Creatinine, and MDA)and a significant decrease in antioxidants(SOD, CAT, GST) in (T1) compared with the control group. On the other hand, the results showed a noticeable improvement in the parameters studied when using vitamin E and vitamin C alone or together with cadmium chloride, and this indicates the therapeutic role played by vitamins in reducing the toxicity caused by cadmium chloride
Environmental Study on Landfill Suitability Modeling Using Geographic Information Systems and Multicriteria Decision Analysis: A Case Study in Afak Qadhaa
Authors: Thamer Aqeel , Abed Salwan Ali 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this study, the appropriate locations for the landfill space in Afak Qadhaa determined by integrating geographic information system (GIS) and analysis decision (MCDA), additionally by implementing these methods that lead to integrated environmental management, which is required in order to take into account all components and processes in the environment. For this purpose, layers were introduced. Digital maps including settlement (industrial areas, urban center and villages), wetlands, main roads, digital elevation model, airports, land use (plants mansion campgrounds, water and sewage treatment plants, agricultural area, gardens and preparing buildings) and surface water (streams and main irrigation channels) are implemented The relative weight of the criteria with the geographic information system, which revolved around the formulation of criteria for the planning of waste dumps, giving them the appropriate ranks of each criteria and their weight, then building the model and coming up with a map that represents the most suitable sites for establishing healthy dumps in the Afak Qadhaa.
Phase Change Material of (100-200) C: Review and Taxonomy
Authors: Al-Furaiji Mushtaq A. , Baranenko A.V. , Zakharova V.Y. , Malinina O. S. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Phase Change Material (PCM) is the material where its properties changed with the temperature change. If the application is heating, the process is called Latent Thermal Energy (LTE) and it can be stored. In practical application especially for the 100 C to 200 C, where the material is converted from solid to liquid, the energy management can be efficient and the energy storage is applicable. When the material is melted, the energy can be stored in heating operation and the inverse operation which means that the material can lose the energy stored when cooling or when stored in constant temperature. To overcome this, using PCM in medium temperatures (100-200 C) becomes important in many fields such as greenhouses, solar panels, thermal management in concrete, and so on. This paper discusses the recent developments in PCM such as using nanomaterials that keep the temperature for more times and encapsulation to enhance the heating operation. The taxonomy for the use of PCM is proposed in this paper based on the material requirements and types that can be used in this temperature range, and the measurement techniques in the physical form of material and thermal conductivity enhancement. A case study of 10 materials used in the required range is also discussed based on their temperature on the different life cycles of operations. At the end of this paper, a discussion of thermal energy management especially for solar applications is illustrated. Some possible future works are also proposed.
Regeneration equations for the Rankine cycle with super-heated steam
Authors: Al-Furaiji Mushtaq A. , Alnasur Fawzi Sh. , sammarraie Hayder salah AL , Kareem Muhammed Im. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The paper presents a mathematical model to calculate the thermal efficiency of the steam turbines with superheating, methodology forecasting for the Rankin cycle with superheated steam using Regression equations, MathCad, SPSS, and Statistatica programs. The resulting regression equation is applied to calculate the indicator values in a given range of variation of parameters, and it is also limitedly suitable for calculation outside this range. A MathCad-based approach for calculating the predictive model was created and presented. This work presents the formulation of a problem for the method of experiment planning. A turbine unit with three input parameters that influence the value of the output parameter Y (the thermal efficiency of the Steam turbine unit) was studied through the method of experiment planning. Along with that, the first parameter (initial pressure turbine, bar) varied within: 100< x1
<128; the second parameter (the turbine-inlet temperature, °C) varied within: 450 < X2
< 550; the third parameter (the fraction of dryness) varied within: 0.79 < X3
< 0.83.
Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Surface Water of Al-Diwaniyah River-Case Study
Authors: Kadhim Tania S. , Karam Faiq F. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The current study includes the identification of PAHs compounds in seven contaminated sites from the surface water of Al-Diwaniyah river from August 2020 to May 2021. Solid phase extraction was used for extract PAHs compounds from the surface water samples by specified columns and gas chromatography with (FID) detector was used for analysis of these compounds. Significant differences appeared in the concentration of PAHs according to different spatial, temporal conditions and human activities during the study period. The aggregate of PAHs samples for seven sites during ten months were (253.1714ppm). Benzo[A]Pyrene had the lowest cumulative value (7.1428ppm), whereas anthracene compound had the highest cumulative value (21.45714ppm).
The First record of Greater Painted-snipe Rostratula benghalensis (Linnaeus, 1758) for Iraq
Authors: Salim Mudhafar A. , Abed Salwan Ali , Alsaffah Saifuldeen M. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Greater Painted-snipe (or Greater Painted Snipe) Rostratula benghalensis is medium-sized wader that inhibits the wetland habitats in Africa and south and southeast Asia. Despite of its English name, Greater Painted-snipe does not belong to the true Gallinago taxa. The female in this species is the colourful mate while the male brownish with pale spots in general and smaller in size. This species is of least concern (LC) conservations status on the IUCN Red List. During one of the field surveys carried out by the Iraq Organization for Conservation of Nature (IOCN) in Iraq, the team was able to find this species in a meadow wetland of low grass close to River Euphrates bank, northwest of Basra Governorate which represents the first observation of this species in Iraq. By providing the documented observation and detailed description of this species, this paper confirms the first record of Greater Painted-snipe (or Greater Painted Snipe) Rostratula benghalensis as an addition to the Iraqi birds checklist.
Environmental Removal of some Dyes from Aqueous Solution by using highly adsorbent surface derived from Malva parviflora plant leaves: multifactors Studies
Authors: Alkadir Ola Kamal A. , Taifi Ahmed , Aljeboree Aseel M. , Bayaa Abdul Latif Al , Abed Salwan Ali , Alkaim Ayad F. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this research, the efficiency of activated carbon prepared from the leaves of a perennial plant called Malva parviflora plant (MPP) to remove Maxillon Blue GRL and Disperse Blue 183 dyes from aqueous solution was studied. The preparation process was carried out in three ways, firstly, using the leaves of the plant without any chemical treatment (MPP), and secondly, Activated carbon without any chemical treatment (AC-MPP), third, acid-activated carbon (AAC-MPP) with several solutions such as ((H2SO4, HCl, H3PO4, CH3COOH, and NaOH). The results that were reached indicate that the surface activated with (phosphoric acid) is characterized by its high efficiency in removal the two dye from aqueous solution, where the removal percentage reaches ( 94.69 to 84.14 % ) compared acid ( 94.44 to 79.96 % ) for Maxillon Blue GRL and Disperse Blue 183 dyes respectively. The properties of the prepared and activated surface were determined by using FESEM technique, and the functional aggregates of the surface (AAC-MPP) were also detected using the (FTIR ) technique. The role of recycling carbon prepared from the Malva parviflora plant reactivity and can be re-used again was studied.
Bio-Environmental preparation of chitosan nanoparticle using Bacillus subtilis and their biomedical activity
Authors: Ali Zahraa Hussein , Aldujaili Nawfal Hussein 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study was to study the biomedical activity (antibacterial, antibiofilm, and antioxidant activity) and Characterization of Chitosan NPs synthesized by B. subtilis. Different types of bacterial strains(Z1-Z25) were screened for biosynthesis of chitosan NPs, Isolate (Z2) was selected as efficient isolate based on color change and antibacterial activity against the pathogenic bacteria, and it was diagnosed as Bacillus subtilis, depending on the morphology, microscopic examination and VITEK2 compact system. The characterization of biogenic chitosan NPs was achieved, using: UV visible spectrophotometry was used to describe the synthesis of chitosan NPs by B. subtilis, with an absorption peak at 280nm wavelength. SEM analysis showed the spherical, homogenous with average sizes from 29-51nm. The elemental analyses of biogenic chitosan with EDS showed 33.31% carbon, 10.24 % nitrogen, 50.55% oxygen, 5.34% phosphate and 0.55% chloride. The size and structurer of biogenic chitosan NPs was measured using XRD that appeared at 20°-26°’ AFM analysis showed the average diameter of the biogenic chitosan NPs was 47. 18. The antibacterial activity was studied for biogenic chitosan against pathogenic bacteria (P.aeruginosa, S. aureus, K. pneumonia, E.coli, and P. mirabilis).

Biogenic chitosan NPs with deferent concentration (100, 200, 400ug/ml) showed inhibition against all tested bacteria and largest inhibition zone against S. aureus(26mm) with concentration 400 μg/ml. Biogenic chitosan expressed high significant antibiofilm activity with increasing concentration of chitosan NPs. DPPH reducing activity of nanoparticles which increased with increase concentration of biogenic chitosan NPs.
Synthesis and characterization of a novel organic reagent and its complexes with Cu (||), Cr(|||), Co(|||) and Fe(|||) metal
Authors: Hasan Rawaa Ch. , Karam Faiq F. , Baqir Sadiq J. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This work included the preparation of a series of metal complexes with the new organic azo reagent dye. The donor the prepared ligand is It a derivative of 2-amino-6-methoxy benzothiazolyl mediated by a diazonium solution with a 4-methoxy phenol solution. The preparation of the organic reagent 2-[2–(6-Methoxy benzothiazolyl ) azo ]-4-methoxy phenol (6-MBTAMP), where this reagent characterized by several spectroscopic techniques, which included the H’-NMR proton spectrum, the C’3-NMR carbon spectrum, and also a series of metallic complexes for this ligand were prepared. It included four complexes with its Cu (|), Fe (|||), Cr (|||), Co (|||), ions. Where these lectured complexes were diagnosed by the UV-visible spectrum and the TF-IR spectrum. It has an octahydral geometric shape.
Synthesis And Characterization of New Mn(II), Co(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) Complexes with ligand [N-(pyrimidin-2-ylcarbamothioyl)benzamide] and their Anti-bacterial Study
Authors: Fayyadh Bushra Mukhlif , Abd Noor Alhuda Basim , Sarhan Basima Muhsin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A new ligand [N-(pyrimidin-2-ylcarbamothioyl)benzamide](L) has been synthesized through the reaction of the benzoyl iso-thiocyanate with a 2-Amino pyrimidine, The ligand had been identified by the elemental micro-analysis CHNS, UV-Vis, FT-IR, and 1 H, 13CNMR spectra, some of the transition metal complexes of that ligand have been produced and characterized with the use of the UVvis spectra, FT-IR, magnetic susceptibilities, conductivity measurements, and atomic absorptions. Ligand’s behavior is similar to bidentate coordinating via an S and O donor, From the results that have been obtained, molecular formula of all of the complexes that have been prepared have been [M(L)2Cl2] (M+2 =Mn, Cd, Hg and Co), the suggested geometrical structure for all of the complexes have been octahedral. The metal and ligand complexes exhibit good activities towards bacteria; Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
Investigation of Heavy Metals Pollution in Euphrates River (Iraq) By Using Heavy Metal Pollution Index Model
Authors: Kamel Laith Hemed , Al-Zurfi Sadiq Kadhum Lafta , Mahmood Mahmood Basil 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This study aims to investigate heavy metals (HMs)pollution in the ‘Euphrates’ river which is located from Al-Kifl city to Kufa city, in Iraq. We analyzed six heavy metal parameters (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cr, Fe, and Mn ) in water, every month several samples were taken from six sites on the Euphrates river and covered the period of time from July 2020 to January 2021. Heavy metal analysis results were assessment according to the values of the maximum given in Water Quality Regulation. The obtained outcome of the analysis revealed that cadmium values surpassed the limit values for sites 1 and 5. The overall pollution level of the HMs pollution index model appeared to be helpful to Evaluate with respect to HMs and the values were found higher than the critical pollution index is100 in site 1.
Depositional Environments of the Mishrif Formation in Faihaa Oil Field, South of Iraq
Authors: Mohammed Hiba A.Kareem , Al-kubaisi Manal Sh. , Alshar’a Ghazi Hasan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The Mishrif Formation is one of the Iraqi major oil reserves in southern. This formation consists of limestone deposited during a Lower Cretaceous period as part of the main series of transgression depositions. Faihaa oil field is located close to Iraqi-Iranian borders, about 50km to the north of Basra city center. The area of this field is about 900 km2. It is bordered by the north Majnoon oil field, the south Sindibad field, the west Nahr Umr field, and the east husynia Iranian field. The microfacies and depositional environment of the Mishrif Formation in the Faihaa oil field were analyzed in this study. In Mishrif Formation, this study clarified several microscopic facies; more than 273 thin sections of core samples from one well (Faihaa-1) were examined, represented by Mudstone Microfacies Wackestone Microfacies and Packstone-Wackestone Microfacies. They were analyzing diagenesis processes and identifying Mishrif Formation. The two identified diagenetic environments that affected Mishrif reservoir in an open platform and restricted platform environments. The Mishrif Formation recognized five diagenetic processes, each with positive and negative implications on the quality of the reservoir. By creating and improving porosity and permeability, dissolution and dolomitization significantly impacted reservoir quality. Compaction and cementation have negative consequences by decreasing porosity and permeability, leading to reduced reservoir quality.
Pd-Au nanoparticles supported reduced graphene oxide nanoplatelets toward aerobic selective oxidation of benzoyl alcohol
Authors: Altaee Hadeel , Alshamsi Hassan A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this paper, mono-metallic catalysts, palladium (Pd) and gold (Au) and bi-metallic, Au-Pd supported on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) synthesized by Sol Immobilization technique. The as fabricated catalysts (Pd/rGO, Au/rGO and Au-Pd/rGO) have been tested by various techniques (Raman Spectroscopy, FE-SEM, XRD and TEM) to examine the structural, compositional and morphological characteristics. The performance of catalysts on the production of benzaldehyde via benzyl alcohol (BnOH) oxidation was investigated adopting H2O2 as an oxidizing agent. In general, Au-Pd/rGO catalyst presented a remarkable superiority over Au/rGO and Pd/rGO. The Au-Pd/rGO catalyst gave the best reaction conversion ratio of 24.3%, while its selectivity for benzaldehyde was 87.5% using 10 mg catalyst mass, reaction temperature 80 oC and 50% H2O2