bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cluttering in the Speech of Young Men With Fragile X Syndrome
Authors: Bangert Katherine , Scott Kathleen Scaler , Adams Charley , Kisenwether Jessica S. , Giuffre Lisa , Reed Jenna , Thurman Angela John , Abbeduto Leonard , Klusek Jessica 
Published: February 2022

Purpose:Cluttering is a fluency disorder that has been noted clinically in individuals with fragile X syndrome (FXS). Yet, cluttering has not been systematically characterized in this population, hindering identification and intervention efforts. This study examined the rates of cluttering in male young adults with FXS using expert clinical opinion, the alignment between expert clinical opinion and objectively quantified features of cluttering from language transcripts, and the association between cluttering and aspects of the FXS phenotype.Method:Thirty-six men with FXS (aged 18–26 years;M= 22,SD= 2.35) contributed language samples and completed measures of nonverbal cognition, autism symptoms, anxiety, and symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The presence of cluttering was determined by the consensus of two clinical experts in fluency disorders based on characteristics exhibited in the language sample. Cluttering features (speech rate, disfluencies, etc.) were also objectively quantified from the language transcripts.Results:Clinical experts determined that 50% of participants met the criteria for a cluttering diagnosis. Phrase repetitions were the most salient feature that distinguished individuals who cluttered. Although the presence of cluttering was not associated with autism symptoms or mean length of utterance, cluttering was more likely to occur when nonverbal cognitive ability was higher, ADHD symptoms were elevated, and anxiety symptoms were low.Conclusions:Half of the male young adults with FXS exhibited cluttering, which supports FXS as a genetic diagnosis that is highly enriched for risk of cluttering. Cluttering was associated with increased ADHD symptoms and cognitive ability and reduced anxiety symptoms. This study contributes a new description of the clinical presentation of cluttering in men with FXS and may lead to improved understanding of the potential underlying mechanisms of cluttering and eventual refinements to treatment and diagnosis.
Determination of the vocal tract model order in iterative adaptive inverse filtering
Authors: Zhang Ziqian , Xiao Zhongzhe , Huang Min 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper is part of a special issue on Music Technology. Accurate estimation of glottal wave is an important method for singing voice analysis via voicing patterns. In this paper, an optimising method is proposed for automatic determination of vocal tract linear prediction analysis order that follows the specific situation of different voicing scenes based on Iterative Adaptive Inverse Filtering (IAIF) aiming at getting a more accurate glottal wave from speech or singing voice signal in a non‐invasive way. In comparison with existing methods that use fixed experience order, the proposed method can achieve up to 8.41% improvement in correlation coefficient with the real glottal wave.
Patient Centered Radiology – An Introduction in Form of a Narrative Review
Authors: Schreyer Andreas G. , Schneider Katharina , Dendl Lena Marie , Jaehn Philipp , Molwitz Isabel , Westphalen Kerstin , Holmberg Christine 
Published: February 2022

Background Patient centered radiology represents a crucial aspect for modern sustainable radiology. The definition of patient-centered consists of a focus on patients’ individual values and wishes with a respectful integration in medical decisions. In this narrative review we try to give a practical introduction into this complex topic with the extension to a person-centered radiology, which additionally encompasses values and wishes of radiological and other medical colleagues.
Methods Medline search between 2010 and 2021 using “patient-centered radiology” with additional subjective selection of articles for this narrative review.
Results Regarding patients’ experiences the main literature focus were patients’ fears of examinations (movement restrictions, uncertainty). Most patients would prefer a direct communication with the radiologist after the examination. Regarding interdisciplinary communication the radiological expertise and quality is highly appreciated; however, there was a general wish for more structured- or itemized reporting. Concerning working conditions radiologists were satisfied despite high psychosocial working pressure.
Conclusion Most of the literature on this topic consists of surveys evaluating the current state. Studies on interventions such as improved information before examinations or patient-readable reports are still scarce. There is a dilemma between an increasing radiological workload and the simultaneous wish for more patient-centered approaches such as direct radiologist-patient communications in the daily routine. Still on our way to a more value-based radiology we have to focus on patient communications and a patient-centered medicine.
Key Points:

Citation Format
Opportunities and Challenges of Integrating Food Practice into Clinical Decision-Making
Authors: Ozkaynak Mustafa , Voida Stephen , Dunn Emily 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background Food practice plays an important role in health. Food practice data collected in daily living settings can inform clinical decisions. However, integrating such data into clinical decision-making is burdensome for both clinicians and patients, resulting in poor adherence and limited utilization. Automation offers benefits in this regard, minimizing this burden resulting in a better fit with a patient's daily living routines, and creating opportunities for better integration into clinical workflow. Although the literature on patient-generated health data (PGHD) can serve as a starting point for the automation of food practice data, more diverse characteristics of food practice data provide additional challenges.
Objectives We describe a series of steps for integrating food practices into clinical decision-making. These steps include the following: (1) sensing food practice; (2) capturing food practice data; (3) representing food practice; (4) reflecting the information to the patient; (5) incorporating data into the EHR; (6) presenting contextualized food practice information to clinicians; and (7) integrating food practice into clinical decision-making.
Methods We elaborate on automation opportunities and challenges in each step, providing a summary visualization of the flow of food practice-related data from daily living settings to clinical settings.
Results We propose four implications of automating food practice hereinafter. First, there are multiple ways of automating workflow related to food practice. Second, steps may occur in daily living and others in clinical settings. Food practice data and the necessary contextual information should be integrated into clinical decision-making to enable action. Third, as accuracy becomes important for food practice data, macrolevel data may have advantages over microlevel data in some situations. Fourth, relevant systems should be designed to eliminate disparities in leveraging food practice data.
Conclusion Our work confirms previously developed recommendations in the context of PGHD work and provides additional specificity on how these recommendations apply to food practice.
Modifying the maternal microbiota alters the gut–brain metabolome and prevents emotional dysfunction in the adult offspring of obese dams
Authors: Radford-Smith Daniel E. , Probert Fay , Burnet Philip W. J. , Anthony Daniel C. 
Published: February 2022

Significance
Maternal obesity is a growing public health concern and is linked to an increased risk of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders in humans. Despite accumulating evidence for the important role maternal microbes play during gestation and nursing, the longitudinal effect of maternal nutrition on offspring metabolism across the gut–brain axis at different ages remains unexplored. We provide evidence for the protective efficacy of perinatal probiotic exposure against increased anxiety-like behaviors induced by maternal obesity. Protection was maintained into adulthood, which may be mediated by the enhancement of brain energy metabolites and an increase in gut butyrate. These findings reveal the importance and long-lasting role of maternally derived microbiota and metabolites in increasing resilience to mood disorders in the offspring.
Visual pigment–deficient cones survive and mediate visual signaling despite the lack of outer segments
Authors: Xu Hui , Jin Nange , Chuang Jen-Zen , Zhang Zhao , Zhong Xiaoyue , Zhang Zhijing , Sung Ching-Hwa , Ribelayga Christophe P. , Fu Yingbin 
Published: February 2022

Significance
The study of visual pigments (rhodopsin in rods and cone opsins in cones) in vision has a long and illustrious history. It is well established that rhodopsin is required for rod phototransduction, outer segment formation, and rod viability. It is not known if the same is true for the cones. By using the cone opsin–deficient mice, we made the surprising observation that cones survive for at least 12 mo without cone opsins, suggesting that cone opsins are dispensable for cone viability. Furthermore, cone opsin–deficient cones continue to mediate visual signaling by relaying the rod signal through rod–cone gap junctions. Our finding represents a major difference between the two types of photoreceptors in vertebrates: rods and cones.
Conformational alterations in unidirectional ion transport of a light-driven chloride pump revealed using X-ray free electron lasers
Authors: Hosaka Toshiaki , Nomura Takashi , Kubo Minoru , Nakane Takanori , Fangjia Luo , Sekine Shun-ichi , Ito Takuhiro , Murayama Kazutaka , Ihara Kentaro , Ehara Haruhiko , Kashiwagi Kazuhiro , Katsura Kazushige , Akasaka Ryogo , Hisano Tamao , Tanaka Tomoyuki , Tanaka Rie , Arima Toshi , Yamashita Ayumi , Sugahara Michihiro , Naitow Hisashi , Matsuura Yoshinori , Yoshizawa Susumu , Tono Kensuke , Owada Shigeki , Nureki Osamu , Kimura-Someya Tomomi , Iwata So , Nango Eriko , Shirouzu Mikako 
Published: February 2022

Significance
Light-driven chloride pumps have been identified in various species, including archaea and marine flavobacteria. The function of ion transportation controllable by light is utilized for optogenetics tools in neuroscience. Chloride pumps differ among species, in terms of amino acid homology and structural similarity. Our time-resolved crystallographic studies using X-ray free electron lasers reveal the molecular mechanism of halide ion transfer in a light-driven chloride pump from a marine flavobacterium. Our data indicate a common mechanism in chloride pumping rhodopsins, as compared to previous low-temperature trapping studies of chloride pumps. These findings are significant not only for further improvements of optogenetic tools but also for a general understanding of the ion pumping mechanisms of microbial rhodopsins.
Why are physical sputtering yields similar for incident ions with different masses?—physical sputtering yields of the Lennard–Jones system
Authors: Mauchamp Nicolas A , Hamaguchi Satoshi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Plasma etching of nano-meter-scale complex structures for semiconductor device manufacturing requires a deeper understanding of etching mechanisms. For example, it is known experimentally that the sputtering yield of a material tends to have weak dependence on the mass of incident ions except for extremely light ions such as helium. To understand this property, the sputtering yield of a system of atoms interacting with Lennard–Jones (LJ) potentials was evaluated with molecular dynamics simulation. As the simplest possible case involving two atomic species, a single-element face-centered-cubit (fcc) LJ solid surface interacting with purely repulsive atoms was examined, which emulates a solid surface sputtered by noble-gas ions. The sputtering of such a system at specific incident ion energy depends only on two parameters, i.e. the mass ratio and a parameter representing the relative interaction range between the surface atom and the incident ion. For real materials of our concern used in plasma etching, the range of these two parameters was found to be relatively limited. It was also found that the physical sputtering yield of the LJ system weakly depends on the mass ratio in this relatively narrow parameter range. Because the simple model predicts the weak yield dependence on the incident ion mass, it is considered as a generic property of physical sputtering, independent of the detailed atomic interactions of the surface material and incident ion species.
Simulating a catalyst induced quantum dynamical phase transition of a Heyrovsky reaction with different models for the environment
Authors: Lozano-Negro Fabricio S , Ferreyra-Ortega Marcos A , Bendersky Denise , Fernández-Alcázar Lucas , Pastawski Horacio M 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Through an appropriate election of the molecular orbital basis, we show analytically that the molecular dissociation occurring in a Heyrovsky reaction can be interpreted as a quantum dynamical phase transition, i.e., an analytical discontinuity in the molecular energy spectrum induced by the catalyst. The metallic substrate plays the role of an environment that produces an energy uncertainty on the adatom. This broadening induces a critical behavior not possible in a quantum closed system. We use suitable approximations on symmetry, together with both Lanczos and canonical transformations, to give analytical estimates for the critical parameters of molecular dissociation. This occurs when the bonding to the surface is

2

times the molecular bonding. This value is slightly weakened for less symmetric situations. However simple, this conclusion involves a high order perturbative solution of the molecule-catalyst system. This model is further simplified to discuss how an environment-induced critical phenomenon can be evaluated through an idealized perturbative tunneling microscopy set-up. In this case, the energy uncertainties in one or both atoms are either Lorentzian or Gaussian. The former results from the Fermi golden rule, i.e., a Markovian approximation. The Gaussian uncertainty, associated with non-Markovian decoherent processes, requires the introduction of a particular model of a spin bath. The partially coherent tunneling current is obtained from the generalized Landauer–Büttiker equations. The resonances observed in these transport parameters reflect, in many cases, the critical properties of the resonances in the molecular spectrum.
First principle based investigation of topological insulating phase in half-Heusler family NaYO (Y = Ag, Au, and Cu)
Authors: Kore Ashish , Ara Nisa , Singh Poorva 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The ternary half-Heusler compounds have shown great potential for realizing new 3D topological insulators. With band gap tuning and spin orbit coupling these compounds may undergo topological phase transitions. In present work, we explore the possibility of realizing a topological insulating phase in half-Heusler family NaYO (Y = Ag, Au, and Cu). We find that for NaAgO, external strain (∼19%) along with spin–orbit coupling (SOC), is required to achieve band-inversion at Γ high-symmetry point and leads to phase transition from trivial to non-trivial topological insulating phase. In case of NaAuO and NaCuO, non-trivial phase appears in their equilibrium lattice constant, hence only SOC is enough to achieve band-inversion leading to non-trivial topology. The non-centrosymmetric nature of crystal geometry leads to the formation of two twofold degenerate point nodes near the Fermi level.
A simulation-data-driven subdomain adaptation adversarial transfer learning network for rolling element bearing fault diagnosis
Authors: Zhu Peng , Dong Shaojiang , Pan Xuejiao , Hu Xiaolin , Zhu Sunke 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In recent years, increasing numbers of deep learning methods for fault diagnosis of rolling element bearings (REBS) have been proposed. However, in industry, the scarcity of available data to monitor the health condition of REBS leads to low recognition accuracy of the trained intelligent diagnostic models. To solve this problem, we propose a simulation-data-driven subdomain adaptation adversarial transfer learning (TL) network (SAATLN). Firstly, a defect vibration model is introduced to simulate vibration signals of different types of REBS faults. And the real signal and simulated signal are used as the target domain and source domain of the TL fault diagnosis methods, respectively. Secondly, SAATLN uses the designed residual squeeze-and-excitation (Re-SE) blocks to extract transfer features between different domains. Meanwhile, it combines adversarial learning and subdomain adaptation to adapt the marginal distribution and conditional distribution discrepancies of high-level features. Also, the local maximum mean discrepancy is introduced as the subdomain adaptation metric criterion. Finally, different transfer tasks are performed on the artificially damaged and run-to-failure REBS data sets. The results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the SAATLN in the simulation-data-driven REBS fault diagnosis.
A flexible carbon fibre-based electrothermal film for fast actuation of shape memory alloy sheets
Authors: Yang Yang , Wang Yongquan , Yao Tao , Feng Xiaojuan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Two-dimensional shape memory alloy (SMA) structures have great potential in intelligent and highly flexible robots. However, they have challenges in direct electric heating. This paper proposes a solution to heat SMA sheets using carbon fibres as surface heat sources and indirectly transmits Joule heat generated by the carbon fibres to the SMA sheets. The preparation process of the carbon fibre-based thermoelectric composite film is illustrated in this study. The effect of heat source (carbon fibre) distribution on heat transfer characteristics and the temperature field of the SMA surface is simulated. Then, a functional prototype integrated thermoelectric film and flexible SMA is fabricated, and its effectiveness is verified by local and global activation, respectively. The results show that the composite structure can recover deformation rapidly in 2 s with only 0.7 A running current (applied to each carbon fibre). In addition, the local temperature control method can also realize distributed (spatial dimension) and sequential (temporal dimension) control of the structure. The proposed solution is expected to expand further the design and control of complex, intelligent structures with the development of 4D printing technology.
Multidimensional measures of electromagnetic chirality and their conformal invariance
Authors: Vavilin Maxim , Fernandez-Corbaton Ivan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Proper assignment of left- and right-handed labels to general chiral objects is known to be a theoretically unfeasible problem. Attempts to utilize a pseudoscalar function to distinguish enantiomers face two unavoidable difficulties: false chiral zeros and unhanded chiral states. In here, we demonstrate how both of these problems can be solved in the context of light–matter interactions. First, we introduce a two-dimensional quantity called complex electromagnetic chirality that solves the problem of false chiral zeros. Next, we define an infinite-dimensional pseudovector called chirality signature that completely quantifies the multidimensional nature of electromagnetic chirality, does not have false global chiral zeros, and allows to continuously distinguish any pair of enantiomers because it does not produce unhanded chiral states. We prove that the introduced measures are invariant under the largest group of symmetries of Maxwell’s equations—the conformal group. The complete, continuous, and conformally invariant quantification of electromagnetic chirality provided by the chirality signature distinguishes it as a particularly suitable tool for the study of chirality and its applications.
Drift ion-acoustic waves in a nonuniform rotating magnetoplasma with two-temperature superthermal electrons
Authors: Abdikian A , Eghbali M , Misra A P 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe theory of low-frequency (in comparison with the ion cyclotron frequency), long wavelength, electrostatic drift ion-acoustic waves (IAWs) is studied in a nonuniform rotating magnetoplasma with two temperature superthermal electrons. In the linear limit, the coupling of IAWs and drift waves by the density inhomogeneity is shown to produce a new wave mode which typically depends on the density gradient, the rotational frequency and the spectral indexes of superthermal electrons. In the nonlinear regime, an evolution equation for the drift IAWs is derived by the dispersion approach, and using the Jacobi elliptic function expansion technique its exact solitary and periodic wave solutions (namely, cnoidal and dnoidal) are also obtained. The properties of these solutions are numerically examined and it is found that they are significantly modified by the effects of the background density gradient, the superthermality of electrons and the Coriolis force associated with the rotational motion of ions.
Numerical Study on the Influence of Angles of Repose on the Stability of Cargo in a Cargo Hold
Authors: Wang Zhanwei , Zhang Jianwei , Zhou Hang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In recent years, cargo instability caused by fluidization is one of the main reasons for bulk carrier capsizing. Considering the complexity and diversity of the actual cargo, the mechanism of fluidization has not been fully revealed. Taking a single cargo hold of a 57,000 DWT bulk carrier as an example, a 3D cargo hold scaled model was established, and the movement state of the cargo in the cargo hold under different angles of repose is numerically simulated. Results show that under the precondition of model parameters, angle of repose of the cargo can be further modified by the friction coefficient between particles. The smaller of the angle of repose, the stronger of the fluidity of the cargo becomes. There exists a critical angle of repose, below which the center of gravity offset of the cargo becomes more obvious and the stability of the cargo drops sharply. Simulation model and numerical method involved in this research can provide some references for predicting the stability of the marine transportation of solid bulk cargoes.
Automatic partial discharge detection method of traction transformer based on wavelet transform
Authors: Liu Jiyong , Wang Xin , Yan Shengchun , Fan Yan , Hao Changjin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Partial discharge parameter acquisition and storage of transformer lacks the setting of time threshold, which leads to the low reception rate of transformer discharge signal. An automatic detection method of partial discharge of transformer in substation based on wavelet transform is studied. By analyzing the ultrasonic waveform of discharge signal, the partial discharge parameters of transformer in high voltage substation are extracted. According to the principle of wavelet transform, the time threshold is set, the extracted parameters are collected and stored in sections, and the automatic detection algorithm of partial discharge parameters is established. By deriving the results, the automatic detection of partial discharge is completed. At this point, the design of automatic detection method for partial discharge of transformer in substation based on wavelet transform is completed. Analysis of experimental results: Through comparative experiments, it is found that the highest discharge signal receiving rate of this method is 87.5%, which is superior to other methods and has high application value.