bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Shoot Regeneration on Leaf Tissue from Micropropagated Highbush Blueberry
Authors: Callow P. , Haghighi K. , Giroux M. , Hancock J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Leaf explants from shoot-proliferating cultures of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) produced shoots on one-half-strength Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with 5, 25, 50, or 100 μmol of 2iP. The highest number of meristematic nodules and buds per leaf were induced at 25 μmol 2iP and the least at 5 or 100 μmol. Nodule, bud, and shoot regeneration was significantly increased by wounding the leaf explants. Chemical name used: 6(γ-γ-dimethylallylamino)purine (2iP).
In Vitro Propagation of Lavender
Authors: Calvo Maria Carmen , Segura Juan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Cultures were established for micropropagation of Lavandula latifolia Medicus from hypocotyl explants. Bud induction was achieved by placing the explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.60 μM IAA and 8.9 μM BA. The buds developed into numerous shoots on transfer to several elongation media. Shoots were easily rooted (95%) on MS hormone-free medium with macronutrients at half-strength. Plantlets were successfully transplanted into soil. Chemical names used: N-(phenylmethyl)-1H-purin-6-amine (BA); 1H-indole-3-acetic acid (IAA).
Estimating Price Elasticity for Fresh Flower Bouquets Sold In Supermarkets
Authors: Timothy Rhodus W. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A controlled pricing experiment was conducted in three rural and three urban supermarkets as a means of identifying consumer preferences for fresh flower bouquets. Impacts on consumer demand due to type of bouquet, location of store, day of week, and selling price were analyzed. Rural and urban consumers were found to exhibit different preferences for bouquets. Sales patterns throughout the week exhibited slack sales on Monday through Thursday, followed by a sharp increase on Friday through Sunday. Consumer demand for bouquets can be characterized as price-elastic.
‘Flordastar’ Peach
Authors: Sherman W. B. , Lyrene P. M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Flordastar’ peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] is released for grower trial by the Florida Agricultural Experiment Station (Fig. 1). This cultivar bears attractive, yellow-fleshed fruit that ripen before ‘Flordaprince’ in central Florida.
‘Sovereign Tiara’ Grape
Authors: Reynolds A. G. , Denby L. G. , Bouthillier M. , Strachan G. E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Sovereign Tiara’ (Vitis spp. hybrid) is the second of two white wine grape cultivars recently released by the Agriculture Canada Research Station, Summerland, B.C. Like ‘Sovereign Opal’ (1), ‘Sovereign Tiara’ is a late-midseason grape cultivar useful for both varietally labeled and proprietary products. Consistently high yields make ‘Sovereign Tiara’ ideal for use as a bulk blending grape, and render it advantageous over ‘Sovereign Opal’ for this purpose. Compared to ‘Okan-agan Riesling’, yield and winter hardiness of ‘Sovereign Tiara’ are superior, while fruit composition is comparable.
Temperature-conditioning Affects Polyamines of Lemon Fruits Stored at Chilling Temperatures
Authors: McDonald Roy E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Chilling injury (CI) of lemons (Citrus limon Burm. f.) was reduced by temperature-conditioning at 10, 15, 21, or 27C immediately before storage at 1C. CI was less severe in lemons temperature-conditioned for 7 vs. 3 days. However, the process is not recommended for avoiding CI in lemons stored at low temperatures because of the wide range in treatment effects. Following conditioning at 21 and 27C, putrescine concentrations increased in flavedo tissue and were also higher in fruit after storage at 1C than at 10C, regardless of conditioning temperature. After holding fruit for 2 weeks at 21C, putrescine levels were higher in lemons that had been stored at 10C than in those stored at 1C. Prestorage temperature-conditioning did not affect spermidine levels, which tended to be higher in fruit stored at 10C than at 1C after storage and subsequent holding at 21C.
Screening Tomato for High-temperature Tolerance Through Pollen Viability Tests
Authors: Weaver M. L. , Timm H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A study was undertaken to determine a) if genotypic responses for fruit set and pollen viability in tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) exposed to high temperatures are related, and b) if pollen viability at high temperature could be used to screen tomato plants for better performance in high-temperature environments. Fruit set, pollen germination, and pollen tube length varied among tomato sources exposed to 40C for 60 min, and both pollen germination (r = 0.988***) and pollen tube length (r = 0.815**) correlated positively with fruit set. Differentiation among tomato sources for increased pollen viability at high temperature was accelerated by increasing the temperature at which flowers were exposed from 40 to 48C. Pollen viability has a major role in determining the fruit set of tomatoes at high temperatures and can serve as a basis of screening for tomato plants that will potentially produce higher fruit yield in high-temperature environments.
Callus Production and Somatic Embryogenesis from White Ash
Authors: Preece John E. , Zhao Ji-liang , Kung Fan H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In the article “Callus Production and Somatic Embryogenesis from White Ash”, by John E. Preece, Ji-liang Zhao, and Fan H. Kung [HortScience 24(2):377–380, April 1989], the authors wish to note the following: In Table 3, “2,4-D” should replace “NAA” under the heading “PGR in primary (DKW) medium”.
Triploid Watermelon Seed Orientation Affects Seedcoat Adherence on Emerged Cotyledons
Authors: Maynard Donald N. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Seedcoat adherence to emerged cotyledons of seedless watermelons (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum & Naki) results in distortion of seedlings that effectively restricts the number of productive plants in a planting. Significantly fewer seedcoats adhered to cotyledons when seeds were oriented with the radicle end up at a 45° or 90° angle than when seeds were oriented horizontally or with the radicle end down at a 45° or 90° angle. Emergence was not affected by seed orientation.
Summer and Fall Moisture Stress and Irrigation Scheduling Influence Pecan Growth and Production
Authors: Stein Larry A. , McEachern George Ray , Storey J. Benton 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Summer and fall irrigation treatments increased pecan yield, trunk diameter, and percent kernel over nonirrigated trees. Sticktights and viviparous nuts were reduced by late-season irrigation in a dry year (1984). All irrigation treatments increased pecan size; the most frequently irrigated plots had the largest pecans and least tree water stress as measured by a pressure bomb in 1984. The less water was applied in Sept, and Oct. 1984, the more sticktights resulted. Late-season water stress in all treatments indicated that water was needed just before shuck opening.
Physiological Changes in Yellow Summer Squash at Chilling and Nonchilling Temperatures
Authors: McCollum T. G. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Summer squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) fruit were harvested 8 ± 1 day after anthesis and held at 2 or 15C. Samples were transferred from 2 to 15C after 3, 6, 9, or 12 days of storage. Respiration and ethylene production were measured 24 and 48 hr after fruit had been transferred to 15C. Electrolyte leakage from pericarp disks was determined 48 hr after transfer to 15C. Weight loss during storage was greater at 15 than at 2C; however, chilled fruit had a greater rate of weight loss after transfer to 15C than did nonchilled fruit. Surface pitting became obvious after 6 days at 2C and was progressively more severe with increased duration of chilling. Respiration rates of nonchilled fruit decreased with increased storage duration, whereas respiration rates of chilled fruit increased with increased storage duration. Ethylene production was <0.1 nl g-1hr-1 in nonchilled fruit. Ethylene production was enhanced in chilled fruit and increased with increased duration of chilling to a peak of 1.5 nl-g-1-hr-1 after 9 days at 2C, then decreased. Electrolyte leakage was not influenced by chilling.
Long-term Storage of Broccoli under Controlled Atmosphere
Authors: Makhlouf J. , Castaigne F. , Arul J. , Willemot C. , Gosselin A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Controlled atmosphere (CA) conditions were assessed for long-term broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. Italica Group) storage. Broccoli was stored for 6 weeks at 1C under N2 containing the following percentages of CO2/O2: 0%/20%; 10%/20%; 6%/2.5%; I0%/2.5%; and 15%/2.5%. Color and chlorophyll retention was better under CA than in air. This improved retention was mainly due to increased CO2 concentration. Storage under CA also delayed the development of soft rot and mold. However, after 6 weeks of storage under an atmosphere containing 10% or more CO2, the rate of respiration increased simultaneously with the development of undesirable odors and physiological injury. Among the atmospheres tested, 6% CO2 and 2.5% O2 was the best for long-term (>3 weeks) maintenance of broccoli quality while avoiding physiological injury.
Mechanical Stress Stimulates Peroxidase Activity in Cucumber Fruit
Authors: Miller A. Raymond , Kelley Thomas J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Peroxidase activity was determined in cucumber fruit (37 to 55 mm in diameter) subjected to mechanical stress followed by storage at 25C and 100% RH. Compared to unstressed, unstored control fruit, severe mechanical stress stimulated total extractable peroxidase activity after 24 and 48 hr of storage. Moderate mechanical stress or storage alone stimulated peroxidase activity to lesser degrees. Peroxidase isozyme analysis by native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that cucumber anodic peroxidases could be separated into slow-, moderate-, and fast-migrating groups. Both moderate and severe mechanical stress caused the appearance of a new slow-migrating peroxidase isozyme immediately after treatment. This slow-migrating isozyme disappeared after 24 hr of storage, then reappeared after 48 hr. Severe stress induced the appearance of two additional moderate-migrating peroxidases 24 hr after treatment. The same fast-migrating isozymes were also present in unstressed and moderately stressed fruits stored for 48 hr. Hence, using peroxidase as an indicator, it appears that mechanical stress induces an accelerated aging of processing cucumber fruit.
In Vitro Propagation of Leucospermum Hybrid, ‘Hawaii Gold’
Authors: Kunisaki J. T. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Axillary shoots of Leucospermum conocarpodendron (L.) St. John x L. cu-neiforme (N.L. Burm.) Rourke ‘Hawaii Gold’ were induced to proliferate in liquid basal medium of half-strength Murashige and Skoog inorganic salts (1/2-MS), 0.25 mg·liter-1 each of pyridoxins· HCl and nicotinic acid, 0.2 mg thiamine· HCl/liter, and 2% sucrose, supplemented with 0.2 mg BA/liter. Proliferations grew most rapidly in 0.25 mg BA/liter liquid medium and developed shoots when placed on filter paper bridges. Microcuttings were rooted by dipping in 50 or 100 mg·liter-1 IBA/liter solution and culturing in agar medium of basal nutrients. Rooted cuttings were successfully established in potting medium. Chemical names used: N-(phenylmethyl)-1H-purin-6-amine (BA); 1H-indole-3-butyric acid (IBA).
Easily Constructed, Inexpensive, Hydroponic Propagation System
Authors: Hershey David R. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Shoot or leaf cuttings can be rooted in flats of perlite under intermittent mist for use in a static solution culture system (Hershey and Merritt, 1986). However, removing perlite from the roots before transfer to hydroponics is tedious and damages the roots; also, all the perlite cannot be removed, which causes errors in dry mass and nutrient concentration determinations. A hydroponic propagation system was constructed of inexpensive, readily available materials that allowed rooting of large numbers of cuttings under intermittent mist.
‘Dark Lance’ False Indigo
Authors: Simpson Benny J. , Hipp Billy W. , McWilliams Edward L. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Amorpha fruticosa L. has a national distribution from the American west coast to the east coast and from Wyoming to Sonora, Mexico (Correll and Johnston, 1970). There has been much confusion, due to the large amount of variation that exists, as to the correct botanical nomenclature of the species. A tentative nomenclature change would leave A. fruticosa with at least 16 synonyms (Kartesz and Kartesz, 1980). The cultivar discussed would be listed by some authors under A. fruticosa L. var. angustifolia Pursh. (Correll and Johnston, 1970; Shinners, 1972). ‘Dark Lance’ was selected for its beauty of spring flowering, being literally covered with dense spikes of violet flowers with yellow-orange anthers in late April. This floral display is apparent for 7 to 14 days, depending on weather conditions. This is a desirable landscape plant with low requirements of fertilizer and maintenance, and apparent freedom from disease and insect pests. However, it is the first Texas A&M Univ. resource-efficient plant released to the Texas and southwestern nursery industry that does not have strong drought tolerance.
‘Rachel’ and ‘Jan Cochran’ Carla Azaleas
Authors: Fantz Paul R. , Michael Benson D. , Skroch Walter A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Rachel’ and ‘Jan Cochran’ are Carla hybrid azaleas released in 1988 by the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service. Cold hardiness; later-blooming, semidouble, floriferous flowers; and moderate resistance to root rot were the objectives leading to selection and increase of ‘Rachel’. Cold hardiness, later-blooming floriferous flowers, moderate resistance to root rot and the unique, compact growth form resembling an English boxwood were the objectives leading to selection and increase of ‘Jan Cochran’. Stock plants have been made available to commercial nursery growers for propagation and distribution in the nursery industry.
Residual Stripe Smut Control in Kentucky Bluegrass with Reduced Fungicide Levels
Authors: Dernoeden Peter H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Stripe smut [Ustilago striiformis (West.) Niessl.] is a destructive disease of ‘Merion’ and several other cultivars of Kentucky bluegrass [Poa pratensis L.). Fungicides (all in kg·ha-1) were foliar-applied to a diseased stand of ‘Merion’ Kentucky bluegrass in spring while disease symptoms were evident. In the initial study, sequentially applied (14-day interval) triadimefon (3.0 + 3.0) and terbuconazole (1.6 + 1.6) provided excellent control and commercially acceptable turfgrass quality 2 years after fungicide application. Propiconazole (1.7 + 1.7) provided good disease control; however, benomyl (6.1 + 6.1), fenarimol (3.0 + 3.0), iprodione (6.1 + 6.1), and prochloraz (7.6 + 7.6) provided poor disease control when plots were rated 2 years following application. In the second study, a single application of terbuconazole (1.6) and diniconazole (1.5 or 3.0) provided excellent stripe smut control, and turf exhibited commercially acceptable quality 2 years following fungicide application. Triadimefon-(1.5 or 3.0), terbuconazole- (0.8), and propiconazole- (1.7) treated turf exhibited reduced disease injury after 2 years; however, turf quality was not as good as that provided by the other fungicide treatments. Observations and data collected over 3 years do not support the view that U. striiformis-infected plants die during summer stress periods, thereby controlling the disease by reducing large populations of perennially infected plants. Chemical names used: methyl[1-[(butylamino)carbonyl]-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl]carbamate (benomyl); α-(2-chlorophenyl)-α-(-4-chlorophenyl)-5-pyrimidinemethanol (fenarimol); 1-isopropylcarbamoyl-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl) hydantoin (iprodione); 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(l,2,4,-triazol-1-yl)-1-peneten-3-ol (diniconazole is proposed); N-propyl-N-[2-(2,4-6-trichlorophenoxy)ehyl]-1H-imidazole-1-carboxamide (prochloraz); 1-(2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl methyl)-1H,2,4-triazole (propiconazole); a-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-a-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-H-l,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol (terbuconazole is proposed); 1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-3,3-dimethyl-1-(lH-l,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-butanone (triadimefon).
Relationship Between Viability, Endosperm Integrity, and Imbibed Lettuce Seed Density and Leakage
Authors: Hill H. J. , Taylor A. G. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Imbibed nonviable lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seeds have been shown to have lower density than imbibed control seeds. The purpose of this study was to investigate density differences associated with seed death. The relationship between endosperm integrity and the volume, density, and leakage of imbibed control and heat-killed ‘Montello’ lettuce seeds was studied. After an 8-hr soak, heat-killed seeds imbibed 23% more water than control seeds. The percentage of heat-killed seeds with density of 1.08 g·cm-3 was 2%, compared to 90% for the control. Mean electrical conductivity of the steep water was similar for heat-killed and control seeds. Seeds were punctured to rupture the endosperm layer surrounding the embryo. Puncturing the heat-killed seeds decreased total water uptake, as measured by decreased swelling, and increased density compared to intact heat-killed seeds. Leachate from punctured heat-killed seed had a 41% higher mean conductivity than that from punctured control seed. These data suggest that the undamaged endosperm restricted leakage of electrolytes from the embryo to the soak water. We speculate that the endosperm caused osmotically active solutes to accumulate in the extra-embryonic fluid of heat-killed seeds. This accumulation of solutes decreases the water potential inside the embryonic pouch, resulting in a greater uptake of water from the environment. The additional water uptake by heat-killed seeds would increase seed swelling and decrease seed density relative to control seeds.
Increasing Production of Vitis vinifera × V. rotundifolia Hybrids Through Embryo Rescue
Authors: Goldy Ron G. , Ramming David W. , Emershad Richard L. , Chaparro Jose X. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Three seeded V. vinifera (‘Royalty’, ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’, and B46-76) clones were pollinated with pollen from four clones of V. rotundifolia (‘Tarheel’, ‘Noble’, ‘Carlos’, or ‘Bountiful’). Resulting embryos were cultured in ovulo either 6 weeks after pollination or at veraison. For comparison, fruit from controlled pollinations were also allowed to mature on the vine, and resulting seed was removed and stratified in moist 1 sand : 1 sphagnum (v/v). Of the 52 hybrids produced from 5010 emasculations, 39 (75%) came from cultured ovules, and 34 (65%) came from ovules cultured at veraison. Although preliminary, data from ‘Royalty’ × ‘Noble’ and ‘Tarheel’, and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ × ‘Noble’ and ‘Tarheel’ indicates embryo-rescue techniques may be useful in increasing numbers of V. vinifera × V. rotundifolia hybrids.
Ipomoein is the Major Soluble Protein of Sweet Potato Storage Roots
Authors: Varon Debora , Collins Wanda , Foegeding E. Allen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The presence of a major soluble protein in sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] storage roots was demonstrated by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Three research groups have previously isolated a major soluble protein. Results from SDS-PAGE in this study indicate that all three proteins (ipomoein, sporamin, and an unnamed 25-kDa protein) appear to be the same. Ipomoein is suggested as the preferred name for this soluble protein.
Haploid Plant Induction from Unpollinated Ovaries in Onion
Authors: Muren Roger C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Parthenogenesis was induced in vitro in unpollinated ovaries of onion (Allium cepa L.). Sucrose concentration and stage of megaspore development affected parthenogenesis, while high- or low-temperature shocks had no stimulatory effect. Maximum embryo induction was on B5 medium supplemented with 2 mg 2,4-D/liter + 2 mg BA/liter and 10% sucrose. More than 250 plants were regenerated, of which 70% were determined cytologically to be haploid.
Pollen Deposition on Avocado Stigmas in Southern Florida
Authors: Davenport Thomas L. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The percentage of stigmas bearing pollen were determined in flowers of avocado (Persea americana Mill.). Stigmas were harvested at the end of the first and second floral openings (functionally female and male, respectively) in several cultivars located at several locations in southern Florida. Generally, <2% of the flowers were pollinated during the first opening of all observed cultivars. Due to the synchronously dichogamous flowering behavior of avocado, the source of this pollen was likely from interplanted complimentary cultivars (cross-pollination). Up to 15 times as many flowers received pollen during the second opening in some cultivars. The most likely source of this pollen was from within the same flowers. These preliminary observations suggest that self-pollination within avocado flowers during the second opening may be an important mechanism of avocado reproduction in the humid tropics.
‘Elliot’ Pear
Authors: Ryugo Kay 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Elliot’ pear is resistant, but not immune, to the fire blight-inciting bacterium, Erwinia amylovora. ‘Elliot’ fruit has the shape and coloration similar to those of ‘Doyenne du Comice’ and ‘Tyson’ (Hedrick, 1921).
Acclimatization Systems for Euphorbia fulgens Microcuttings
Authors: Zhang Baolin , Stoltz L. P. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Effects of a wet tent (cloth continuously wetted), an intermittent mist, and a shade system were examined for establishment, survival, and growth of microcuttings of three cultivars of Euphorbia fulgens Karw. ex Klostch. The wet tent system resulted in high survival rates and rapid plantlet growth. Microcuttings placed in the mist system had survival rates close to that in the wet tent, but had the poorest plantlet growth. Microcuttings placed directly in the shade had a poor survival rate, but plantlets that survived grew as well as those from the wet tent. In all three acclimatization systems, microcuttings of the white cultivar had the highest survival rate; those of the orange and red cultivars were second and third, respectively. No difference was found in plantlet growth among the surviving cultivars after removal from treatment in acclimatization systems. Microcuttings 41 to 50 mm long survived best; survival rate increased with microcutting length. The minimum microcutting length for satisfactory survival rates (79%) was 31 mm. Microcuttings rooted a month earlier than did conventional stem-tip cuttings in the wet-tent system.
Accumulated Philosophy on Student Recruiting, Teaching, Research, and Funding in Horticulture
Authors: Childers Norman F. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Perhaps we should take more time to study student recruiting and teaching of horticulture with student enrollments so critically low over the country (Childers, 1986). Within a few years, if not already, this student deficiency will have an adverse effect on leadership and advancement of the horticultural industry over the United States and world.