bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute Venous Congestive Myelopathy in a Patient with Neurosarcoidosis
Authors: Guy Nicola Hazel 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThere is a range of differential diagnoses for intramedullary lesions of the conus medullaris, both neoplastic and non-neoplastic. There is a limited role for surgery in a large proportion of these diagnoses, and operative risks can outweigh any benefits of surgery. Here a case is presented of a patient referred to a neurosurgical center for a biopsy of a presumed neoplastic conus tumor. However, through the collaboration of a multidisciplinary team, further diagnoses were considered. After thorough investigation, two conditions were diagnosed: venous congestive myelopathy secondary to inferior vena cava agenesis and spinal neurosarcoidosis. This case demonstrates the importance of neurosurgeons retaining a high degree of suspicion for alternative diagnosis to avoid unnecessary surgical risk.
Occult Omental Metastasis in Gastric Adenocarcinoma: An Analysis of Incidence, Predictors, and Outcomes
Authors: Paul Negine , Surendran Suraj , Yacob Myla , Thenmozhi Mani , Chandran Sudhakar , Samarasam Inian 
Published: August 2022

Introduction Traditionally, the concept of complete omentectomy during gastric resection for cancer was based on lymphatic drainage and the occurrence of occult omental metastasis (OM). However, recent emerging evidence has challenged this concept of complete omentectomy. We, therefore, aim to find the incidence and risk factors of occult OM and also evaluate the outcome of patients with and without such metastasis.
Methods This is a single institutional, retrospective study of patients with gastric cancer who underwent curative radical gastrectomy for a period of 3 years (April 1, 2016, to March 31, 2019). A complete omentectomy was performed in all patients and the omentum and nodal stations were dissected in the resected specimen and sent for pathological analysis. Clinical and epidemiological data were collected from the hospital patient database and analysis was done.
Results A total of 185 patients have been included in the study, with a mean age of 53.84 years. Twenty of the 185 patients had OM (10.8%). Age, sex, location of the tumor, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy were not statistically significant in predicting OM. However, tumor size and tumor depth were found to have a significant association with OM. The occurrence of OM was more likely to be associated with disease recurrence, especially in the peritoneum. The mean overall survival was 38.15 months (±3.33 SD), whereas patients with OM had lower survival, 23.31 months (±7.79 SD), with a p-value of 0.012.
Conclusion OM was not encountered in T1 and T2 gastric cancers and the incidence of OM in T3 and T4 tumors was approximately 12.7%. Therefore, complete omentectomy may be omitted in early T1/T2 tumors. OM was associated with poor prognosis, increased peritoneal recurrence, and decreased overall survival, in spite of a complete omentectomy, and may serve as a prognostic indicator for disease recurrence and overall survival.
Organo-photocatalytic Synthesis of Functionalized Pyrroles from 2H-Azirines and α-Substituted Nitroalkenes
Authors: Rastogi Namrata , Devi Lalita , Mishra Poornima , Pokhriyal Ayushi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAn efficient organo-photocatalytic method for the synthesis of tetrasubstituted pyrroles bearing a ketone, ester, alcohol, or nitro group at the 3-position has been developed. The reaction involves visible-light-mediated formal [3+2] dipolar cycloaddition between 2H-azirines and α-substituted nitroalkenes followed by a denitration or debromination sequence. The notable features of the protocol are excellent regioselectivity, wide substrate scope, and high yields of the products.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Standalone T2 Dixon Sequence Compared with Conventional MRI in Sacroiliitis
Authors: Athira R. , Cannane Seetharaman , Thushara R. , Poyyamoli Santhosh , Nedunchelian Meena 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Aim The aim of this article was to assess the profile of T2-weighted (T2W) multipoint Dixon sequence and conventional sequences in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of sacroiliac joints for the diagnosis of active and chronic sacroiliitis.
Settings and Design Prospective observational study.
Materials and Methods Thirty-seven patients with sacroiliitis underwent MRI with conventional coronal oblique short tau inversion recovery, T1W sequences, and T2W multipoint Dixon sequences. T1 fat-saturated postcontrast sequences were added in active cases. Comparisons were made between conventional and T2 Dixon sequences both quantitatively and qualitatively.
Statistical Analysis Paired t-test was used to study the difference in contrast–noise ratio (CNR) between two groups. Chi-squared analysis with p-value of ≤ 0.05 was used to test the significant association of different sequences.
Results Water only images had highest mean CNR (296.35 ± 208.28) for the detection of bone marrow edema/osteitis. T1W (186.09 ± 96.96) and opposed-phase (OP) images (279.22 ± 188.40) had highest mean CNR for the detection of subchondral sclerosis and periarticular fat deposition, respectively. OP images (p-value <0.001) followed by fat-only (FO) images (p-value = 0.001) were superior to T1W sequences in detecting periarticular fat deposition. In-phase (IP) images in detecting subchondral sclerosis and IP and FO images in detecting cortical erosions were comparable to conventional T1W sequences (p-value < 0.001).
Conclusions T2 Dixon sequences are superior or comparable to conventional MR sequences in detection of sacroiliitis, except ankylosis. Hence, Dixon can be used as a single sequence to replace the multiple sequences used in conventional imaging protocol of acute sacroiliac joints due to higher image quality. It can be used as an additional sequence in case of chronic sacroiliitis to increase the confidence and accuracy of diagnosis.
Salmonella Bacteremia Causing Mycotic Pseudoaneurysm of Right Common Iliac Artery Complicated by Septic Caval Thrombosis
Authors: Sivaramalingam Sinduja , Ethiraj Dillibabu , Srinivas Sripriya , Kalyanasundaram Srinivasan , Sundaramoorthy Subha , M. Madhu Bashini 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMycotic pseudoaneurysm (MPA) is a blind, saccular outpouching of the arterial lumen of infective origin. MPA is a rare life-threatening condition and if not treated early, has a 67% mortality rate due to sepsis and hemorrhage. Major predisposing factors are diabetes mellitus, chronic renal failure, malignancy, steroids, and intravenous drug use. Imaging modalities include Doppler ultrasound, contrast-enhanced computed tomography, and digital subtraction angiography. We report a unique case of Salmonella bacteremia-related MPA of the right common iliac artery complicated by septic inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombosis in a patient with uncontrolled diabetes. Such transcompartmental involvement of IVC has hitherto not been described in the literature and hence makes for interesting documentation. This case ponders upon the aggressiveness of the invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella infection pathogen and the need for early imaging of suspicious patients to reduce morbidity and mortality.
Congenital Anomalies of Aortic Arch: A Pictorial Essay
Authors: Goel Archita , Viswamitra Sanjaya 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAortic abnormalities account for 15 to 20% of all congenital cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this pictorial essay is to illustrate various congenital anomalies of the aortic arch, which influence patient management and outcome.
Photoelectron imaging of size-selected metal cluster anions in a quasi-continuous mode
Authors: Horio Takuya , Minamikawa Kento , Nishizato Tasuku , Hashimoto Haruki , Matsumoto Kazuaki , Arakawa Masashi , Terasaki Akira 
Published: August 2022

We present a novel high-repetition-rate photoelectron imaging (PEI) apparatus for exploring electronic structures of metal cluster anions. A continuous beam of mass-selected metal cluster anions, generated by a magnetron-sputtering cluster-ion source coupled with a quadrupole mass filter, is chopped into sub-megahertz ion bunches using a high-voltage pulser. The quasi-continuous anion beam is introduced into a PEI spectrometer, where the anions are photodetached using a 404 nm (3.07 eV) continuous-wave laser diode. As a demonstration, we acquire photoelectron images for size-selected Ag cluster anions, AgN− (N = 3, 7, 14), and show that each image can be obtained in a short accumulation time (50 s) with a kinetic energy resolution (ΔE/E) of 4% at E = 1.77 eV. The quasi-continuous PEI technique enables high-count-rate, space-charge-free acquisition of photoelectron spectra and angular distributions not only from size-selected metal cluster anions but also from anions prepared by other continuous ion sources, such as electrospray ionization.
Improved anti-ferroelectric properties enabled by high pressure annealing for eDRAM applications
Authors: Wang Qin , Yu Shihao , Yang Peng , Zhang Yefan , Liu Haijun , Xu Hui , Liu Sen , Li Qingjiang 
Published: August 2022

The non-ideal characteristics at the interfaces of anti-ferroelectric (AFE) film and electrodes will greatly affect the potential performance in the way to embedded dynamic random-access memory applications. In this paper, we have proposed a high-performance AFE TiN/HfxZr1−xO2/TiN capacitor fabricated by fully atomic layer deposition grown and alcohol-thermal high-pressure annealing methods that have been employed to avoid exposure to the ambient atmosphere and cure the interface defects induced by the inevitable oxidization of electrodes. Due to the high improvement of the interface quality, the capacitors based on ultra-thin (∼6 nm) AFE film show competitive memory performances, such as low operating voltage (−0.6/1.8 V), high speed (10 ns), long retention time (103 s), and high endurance (1012). The final benchmark demonstrates that the proposed AFE TiN/HfxZr1−xO2/TiN capacitor is a promising candidate toward the next generation high-speed and high-density embedded memory.
Gradient flow structure and convergence analysis of the ensemble Kalman inversion for nonlinear forward models
Authors: Weissmann Simon 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The ensemble Kalman inversion (EKI) is a particle based method which has been introduced as the application of the ensemble Kalman filter to inverse problems. In practice it has been widely used as derivative-free optimization method in order to estimate unknown parameters from noisy measurement data. For linear forward models the EKI can be viewed as gradient flow preconditioned by a certain sample covariance matrix. Through the preconditioning the resulting scheme remains in a finite dimensional subspace of the original high-dimensional (or even infinite dimensional) parameter space and can be viewed as optimizer restricted to this subspace. For general nonlinear forward models the resulting EKI flow can only be viewed as gradient flow in approximation. In this paper we discuss the effect of applying a sample covariance as preconditioning matrix and quantify the gradient flow structure of the EKI by controlling the approximation error through the spread in the particle system. The ensemble collapse on the one side leads to an accurate gradient approximation, but on the other side to degeneration in the preconditioning sample covariance matrix. In order to ensure convergence as optimization method we derive lower as well as upper bounds on the ensemble collapse. Furthermore, we introduce covariance inflation without breaking the subspace property intending to reduce the collapse rate of the ensemble such that the convergence rate improves. In a numerical experiment we apply EKI to a nonlinear elliptic boundary-value problem and illustrate the dependence of EKI as derivative-free optimizer on the choice of the initial ensemble.
Full-zone persistent spin textures with giant spin splitting in two-dimensional group IV–V compounds
Authors: Absor Moh. Adhib Ulil , Lukmantoro Arif , Santoso Iman 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Persistent spin texture (PST), a property of solid-state materials maintaining unidirectional spin polarization in the momentum k-space, offers a route to deliver the necessary long carrier spin lifetimes through the persistent spin helix (PSH) mechanism. However, most of the discovered PST locally occurred in the small part around certain high symmetry k-points or lines in the first Brillouin zone (FBZ), thus limiting the stability of the PSH state. Herein, by symmetry analysis and first-principles calculations, we report the emergence of full-zone PST (FZPST), a phenomenon displaying the PST in the whole FBZ, in the two-dimensional group IV–V

A

2

B

2

(A = Si, Sn, Ge; B = Bi, Sb) compounds. Due to the existence of the in-plane mirror symmetry operation in the wave vector point group symmetry for the arbitrary

k
⃗

in the whole FBZ, fully out-of-plane spin polarization is observed in the k-space, thus maintaining the FZPST. Importantly, we observed giant spin splitting in which the PST sustains, supporting large spin–orbit coupling parameters and small wavelengths of the PSH states. Our

k
⃗

⋅

p
⃗

analysis demonstrated that the FZPST is robust for the non-degenerate bands, which can be effectively controlled by the application of an external electric field, thus offering a promising platform for future spintronic applications.
Collisions of three billiard balls
Authors: Cross Rod 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Newton’s cradle is commonly used to show that a collision of three or more identical balls in a row is one that conserves momentum and kinetic energy. An experiment is described where one billiard ball collides at an angle with another two at rest. The collision also conserves momentum and kinetic energy and has several surprisingly simple outcomes where two of the balls emerge at right angles to each other.
Flexible assembled tactile sensor with freely integration design
Authors: Yang Lina , Li Yang , Wang Haicheng , Wei Shan , Li Zhongli , Liu Yijian , Chen Da , Guo Qiuquan , Sun Xun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Flexible touch-sensing devices have become increasingly multifunctional in wearable interaction electronics owing to the diversification of material synthesis and the flexibility in the structure design. Especially, the latter provides capabilities for the existing sensors owning the common materials with new possibilities to acquire certain requisite functions. Herein, we designed a strain sensor by assembling the nature rubber (NR) substrate with the MoS2/MWCNT conducting network structure. For demonstrating the flexibility of the proposed integrated model under the application of NR, practical applications were exhibited. The bendable biomimetic hair sensor is integrated into the smart car for robotic tactile to imitate the manner of mammals when sensing the surroundings. Besides, a flexible sensing array can be designed into arbitrary shapes according to users’ requirements manifesting its flexibility and practicability. What is more, the sensor used as electronic skin (e-skin) can realize tactile sensing and meanwhile monitor human body movements. The success of this study paves the way for extending this technology to tactile sensing which is a promising lead to develop multifunctional strain sensors for widespread applications.
Study of lattice dynamics and mechanical properties of Pd and Pt using pseudopotential formulism
Authors: Bhatia K G , Gajjar P N 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In the present study, the study of lattice dynamics, lattice mechanical and some thermodynamic properties for Pd and Pt has been carried out by employing a new form of pseudopotential. The purpose of this study is to verify whether our approach along with the newly constructed form of pseudopotential is capable enough for the understanding of physical properties of transition metals. Present results are compared with experimental findings and other available theoretical results. Our results are in reasonably good agreement with experimental results which proves that the present proposed method is better for the theoretical understanding of lattice dynamics.
Electro-thermal properties and characterization of the flexible polyurethane-graphene nanocomposite films
Authors: Owji Erfan , Ostovari Fatemeh , Keshavarz Alireza 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The flexible film of polyurethane/graphene (PU/G) composition with the different mass fractions of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was synthesized by the in situ polymerization method and the electrothermal properties of the films were investigated. Results show by increasing the mass fraction of rGO to 5 wt% (PU/G5), the composition goes to the percolation zone. Further, the PU with 20 wt% of rGO (PU/G20) shows good conductivity which is relatively stable at different voltages (∼135 Ω/sq). Moreover, using graphene in the PU matrix has increased its thermal stability. PU/Gs stable up to 200 °C by assisting graphene. Also, the maximum Seebeck coefficient and voltage of PU/Gs (5, 10, 20) obtain at about 45 °C and 85 °C respectively, and PU/G20 has better performance than others. In addition, the electrothermal response of PU/G20 shows good repeatability and could reach 75 °C and 45 °C by applying the 22 V and 12 V respectively. The thermal stability, good electrothermal response, and flexibility of the sample suggest it for electrical heaters and wearable applications.
ΛCDM ∪ MOND
Authors: Henke Christian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
It has been demonstrated that the difference between the Renormalised Brane World (RBW) model and
the Lambda Cold Dark Matter (ΛCDM) model occurs only at sufficiently distant times. In this
paper, it is shown that for spherically symmetric situations an analog deviation between the RBW
model and Newton's theory occurs at large distances. More precisely, this deviation of the RBW
model is nothing other than the explanation of Milgrom's hypothesis and follows from
itself. Therefore, the results of this paper explains flat rotation curves of galaxies without dark matter.
Study of relativistic accretion flow around KTN black hole with shocks
Authors: Sen Gargi , Maity Debaprasad , Das Santabrata 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe present the global solutions of low angular momentum, inviscid, advective accretion flow around Kerr-Taub-NUT (KTN) black hole in presence and absence of shock waves. These solutions are obtained by solving the governing equations that describe the relativistic accretion flow in KTN spacetime which is characterized by the Kerr parameter (ak) and NUT parameter (n). During accretion, rotating flow experiences centrifugal barrier that eventually triggers the discontinuous shock transition provided the relativistic shock conditions are satisfied. In reality, the viability of shocked accretion solution appears more generic over the shock free solution as the former possesses high entropy content at the inner edge of the disc. Due to shock compression, the post-shock flow (equivalently post-shock corona, hereafter PSC) becomes hot and dense, and therefore, can produce high energy radiations after reprocessing the soft photons from the pre-shock flow via inverse Comptonization. In general, PSC is characterized by the shock properties, namely shock location (rs), compression ratio (R) and shock strength (S), and we examine their dependencies on the energy (ξ) and angular momentum (λ) of the flow as well as black hole parameters. We identify the effective domain of the parameter space in λ-ξplane for shock and observe that shock continues to form for wide range of flow parameters. We also find thatakandnact oppositely in determining the shock properties and shock parameter space. Finally, we calculate the disc luminosity (L) considering free-free emissions and observe that accretion flows containing shocks are more luminous compared to the shock free solutions.
Shedding flavor on dark via freeze-in: U(1)B-3Ligauged extensions
Authors: Barman Basabendu , Ghosh Purusottam , Ghoshal Anish , Mukherjee Lopamudra 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe consider a singlet fermionic dark matter (DM)χin a gauged U(1)B-3Liextension of the Standard Model (SM), withi ⋲ e, μ, τ, and derive bounds on the allowed parameter space, considering its production via freeze-in mechanism. The DM communicates with the SM only through flavorful vector-portalZB3Ldue to its non-trivial chargexunder U(1)B-3Li, which also guarantees the stability of the DM over the age of the Universe forx≠ {±3/2, ±3}. ConsideringZB3Lto lie within the mass range of a few MeV up to a few GeV, we obtain constraints on the gauge couplinggB3Lfrom the requirement of producing right relic abundance. Taking limits from various (present and future) experimental facilities, e.g., NuCal, NA64, FASER, SHiP into account, we show that the relic density allowed parameter space for the frozen in DM can be probed withgB3L≳ 10-8for bothmχ<mZB3L/2 andmχ≳mZB3L, whilegB3L≲ 10-8remains mostly unconstrained. We also briefly comment on the implications of neutrino mass generation via Type-I seesaw and anomalous (g-2)μin context withB-3Lμgauged symmetry.
Non-genetic resistance facilitates survival while hindering the evolution of drug resistance due to intraspecific competition
Authors: Guthrie Joshua D , Charlebois Daniel A 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Rising rates of resistance to antimicrobial drugs threaten the effective treatment of infections across the globe. Drug resistance has been established to emerge from non-genetic mechanisms as well as from genetic mechanisms. However, it is still unclear how non-genetic resistance affects the evolution of genetic drug resistance. We develop deterministic and stochastic population models that incorporate resource competition to quantitatively investigate the transition from non-genetic to genetic resistance during the exposure to static and cidal drugs. We find that non-genetic resistance facilitates the survival of cell populations during drug treatment while hindering the development of genetic resistance due to competition between the non-genetically and genetically resistant subpopulations. Non-genetic resistance in the presence of subpopulation competition increases the fixation times of drug resistance mutations, while increasing the probability of mutation before population extinction during cidal drug treatment. Intense intraspecific competition during drug treatment leads to extinction of susceptible and non-genetically resistant subpopulations. Alternating between drug and no drug conditions results in oscillatory population dynamics, increased resistance mutation fixation timescales, and reduced population survival. These findings advance our fundamental understanding of the evolution of resistance and may guide novel treatment strategies for patients with drug-resistant infections.
Numerical Investigation on Hole-Injection Characteristics of NiO/SiC Heterojunction
Authors: Xi Wang , Na Li , Hongbin Pu , Yingxiang Yang , Jichao Hu , Jianning Xu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Numerical investigation on hole-injection characteristics of NiO/SiC heterojunction is carried out in this paper. Theory analysis and numerical simulation both indicate the excellent hole-injection characteristic of p-NiO/n-SiC heterojunction. The pn junction diode and pnp phototransistor are constructed and simulated to evaluate hole-injection characteristics p-NiO/n-SiC heterojunction. The results indicate that the p-NiO/n-SiC heterojunction shows great potential advantage in enhancing current gain of pnp phototransistor. By using NiO/SiC heterojunction as the emitter junction, the current gain of SiC based pnp phototransistor can be increased by about 96.3 times.