bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depressive Symptoms Among Children and Adolescents in China During the Coronavirus Disease-19 Epidemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chen Jianghe , Yang Kun , Cao Yujia , Du Yun , Wang Ningqun , Qu Miao 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundThe Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic negatively impacts mental health. Some published studies have investigated the prevalence of depression among children and adolescents in China during the pandemic. However, the results vary widely. We aimed to systematically analyze and estimate the prevalence of depressive symptoms and attempted to reveal the reasons for prevalence variety in previous studies.MethodsPublished studies were searched in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central, the Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP Database), China National Knowledge database (CNKI), and the WanFang database from December 2019 to May 2021. The quality of all included studies was assessed by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist and the American Agency for Health Care Quality and Research’s (AHRQ) cross-sectional study quality evaluation items. Meta-analysis was performed using random-effects modeling.ResultsOf the 1,708 references screened, 13 related reports that involve 41,729 participants were included. The results suggested that the pooled prevalence of depressive symptoms among Chinese children and adolescents during the COVID-19 epidemic was 28.6%. Subgroup analyses showed that the pooled prevalence was highest among the studies using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9 (46.8%) and lowest among these using Depression Self-Rating Scale for Children (DSRSC) (11.4%). All studies using PHQ-9 set the cutoff at 5 points instead of 10. The pooled prevalence of studies that include primary school students was lower (16.5%) than that of studies excluding primary school students (39.1%).ConclusionThe meta-analysis suggests that depressive symptoms were relatively prevalent among Chinese children and adolescents during COVID-19, especially among the secondary school students. The suitable screening tools and cutoff should be carefully chosen in the survey.
How Do Intergenerational Economic Support, Emotional Support and Multimorbidity Affect the Catastrophic Health Expenditures of Middle-Aged and Elderly Families?–Evidence From CHARLS2018
Authors: Tang Shaoliang , Yao Ling , Li Zhengjun , Yang Tongling , Liu Meixian , Gong Ying , Xu Yun , Ye Chaoyu 
Published: April 2022

ObjectivesThe elderly face multiple vulnerabilities such as health, economy and society, and are prone to catastrophic health expenditures. This study aims to analyze the impact of children's intergenerational economic support, emotional support, and illness on the catastrophic health expenditures of middle-aged and elderly families.MethodsUsing China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS 2018) data to calculate the catastrophic health expenditure of Chinese households as the dependent variable. Taking children's intergenerational economic support, emotional support and multimorbidity as core independent variables, gender, age, marital status, medical insurance and other variables as control variables, and perform logistic regression analysis. According to the heterogeneity analysis of age and gender, the impact of intergenerational economic support, emotional support and multimorbidity on the catastrophic health expenditure of middle-aged and elderly families is explored.ResultsWhen catastrophic health expenditures occur in middle-aged and elderly families, the children's intergenerational economic support will increase significantly, especially in families with members aged 60–74. Children's emotional support can effectively reduce the risk of catastrophic health expenditures for middle-aged and elderly families. Compared with children's intergenerational economic support and emotional support, the impact of multimorbidity on the catastrophic health expenditures of middle-aged and elderly families is the most significant. Suffering from multimorbidity can increase the risk of catastrophic health expenditures for middle-aged and elderly families, especially families with male members suffering from multiple diseases.ConclusionsIt is recommended that we should do a good job in popularizing the knowledge of chronic diseases to minimize the occurrence of multimorbidity. The government should establish group medical insurance related to chronic disease diagnosis. According to the severity of the disease or the special circumstances of the patient, the level of medical insurance reimbursement is divided in detail, especially for chronic disease clinics and drug reimbursement. Children should be encouraged to strengthen the emotional connection and effective care of the elderly, focusing on the elderly 60–74 years old, in order to reduce their care pressure and maintain the physical and mental health of the elderly.
Intraoperative Colonic Irrigation for Low Rectal Resections With Primary Anastomosis: A Fail-Safe Surgical Model
Authors: Herzberg Jonas , Khadem Shahram , Guraya Salman Yousuf , Strate Tim , Honarpisheh Human 
Published: April 2022

AimRegardless the technological developments in surgery, the anastomotic leakage (AL) rate of low rectal anastomosis remains high. Though various perioperative protocols have been tested to reduce the risk for AL, there is no standard peri-operative management approach in rectal surgery. We aim to assess the short-term outcome of a multidisciplinary approach to reduce the rates of ALs using a fail-safe-model using preoperative and intraoperative colonic irrigation in low rectal resections with primary anastomosis.MethodsBetween January 2015 and December 2020, 92 patients received low rectal resections for rectal cancer with primary anastomosis and diverting ileostomy. All these patients received pre-operative mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) without antibiotics as well as intraoperative colonic irrigation. The intraoperative colonic irrigation was performed via the efferent loop of the ileostomy. All data were analyzed by SPSS for descriptive and inferential analyses.ResultsIn the study period, 1.987 colorectal surgical procedures were performed. This study reports AL in 3 (3.3%) of 92 recruited patients. Other postoperative complications (Dindo-Clavien I-IV) were reported in 25 patients (27.2%), which occurred mainly due to non-surgical reasons such as renal dysfunction and sepsis. According to the fail-safe model, AL was treated by endoscopic or re-do surgery. The median postoperative length of hospitalization was 8 days (4–45) days.ConclusionThis study validates the effectiveness of a multi-disciplinary fail-safe model with a pre-operative MBP and an intraoperative colonic irrigation in reducing AL rates. Intraoperative colonic irrigation is a feasible approach that lowers the AL rates by reducing fecal load and by decontamination of the colon and anastomotic region. Our study does not recommend a pre-operative administration of oral antibiotics for colorectal decontamination.
Internet Survey Evaluation of Demographic Risk Factors for Injury in Canine Agility Athletes
Authors: Sundby Annika E. , Pechette Markley Arielle , Shoben Abigail B. , Kieves Nina R. 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to compare previously identified demographic risk factors for injury in agility dogs, and explore other potential associations with demographic risk factors in new populations, and across different levels of injury severity.ProceduresAn internet-based survey of agility handlers was conducted. The primary outcome was if the dog had ever had an injury that kept from agility for over a week. Demographic information about the dog and handler were recorded. Logistic regression was used to quantify associations between variables of interest with injury history and all models were adjusted for age. Analyses were stratified by geographic location. Final model building was done via backward selection.ResultsThe sample included 2,962 dogs from North America and 1,235 dogs from elsewhere. In the North American sample, 8 variables were associated with injury history; dog breed, height and weight, handler age, gender, agility experience, competing at the national level, age dog was acquired, and taking radiographs to assess growth plate closure. In the non-North American sample, 4 variables were associated with injury history; breed, handler age, occupation (dog trainer or not), and handler medical training. In both samples, Border Collies showed a marked increase in injury risk (ORs 1.89 and 2.34) and handler age &gt;65 was associated with lower risk (ORs 0.62 and 0.77). Consistent with previous studies, greater handler experience was associated with reduced risk in the North American sample, but the other sample did not show this pattern, even in unadjusted models. Dog spay/neuter status was not associated with injury risk in either sample.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceDogs with radiographs assessing growth plate closure may have increased injury risk as this population of owners may plan to train their dog harder, and at an earlier age. This finding also poses the question of whether or not growth plate closure is a good indicator of safety for increasing training intensity. Knowledge of what risk factors exist for injury in agility dogs is imperative in determining direction for future prospective studies, as well as creating recommendations to help prevent injury in this population of dogs.
Influence of Natural Convection and Volume Change on Numerical Simulation of Phase Change Materials for Latent Heat Storage
Authors: Moench Sabine , Dittrich Robert 
Published: April 2022

For the numerical simulation of a heat storage based on phase change materials (PCMs) an enhanced model is presented, considering the physical effects of convection flow in the liquid phase as well as the volume change during phase change. A modified heat capacity is used to realize the phase change. The phase change material is initially defined as a liquid with temperature-dependent material properties. A volume force is added to the Navier-Stokes equations to allow a circulating flow field in the liquid phase and prevent flow motion in the solid phase. The volume change is implemented with the Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method. A laboratory phase change experiment was performed using the PCM RT42 with a melting temperature of 42 °C. The laboratory experiment was calculated numerically using the enhanced model to evaluate the numerical model and to investigate the influence of the simulation parameters on the thermal behavior of the PCM. The thermal conductivity is determined as the main influencing parameter. A good agreement of the simulated melting front throughout a major part of the laboratory experiment has been shown. COMSOL Multiphysics provides a default model for phase change, which neglects convection flow and volume change. Compared to the default model, the enhanced model achieves more accurate results but requires more computational cost for complex latent heat storage systems. Using the default model without convection can be reasonable, considering that the heat storage design is either over-dimensioned or a suitable correction factor must be applied.
Non-Peptide Opioids Differ in Effects on Mu-Opioid (MOP) and Serotonin 1A (5-HT1A) Receptors Heterodimerization and Cellular Effectors (Ca2+, ERK1/2 and p38) Activation
Authors: Radoi Vlad , Jakobsson Gerd , Palada Vinko , Nikosjkov Andrej , Druid Henrik , Terenius Lars , Kosek Eva , Vukojević Vladana 
Published: April 2022

The importance of the dynamic interplay between the opioid and the serotonin neuromodulatory systems in chronic pain is well recognized. In this study, we investigated whether these two signalling pathways can be integrated at the single-cell level via direct interactions between the mu-opioid (MOP) and the serotonin 1A (5-HT1A) receptors. Using fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy (FCCS), a quantitative method with single-molecule sensitivity, we characterized in live cells MOP and 5-HT1A interactions and the effects of prolonged (18 h) exposure to selected non-peptide opioids: morphine, codeine, oxycodone and fentanyl, on the extent of these interactions. The results indicate that in the plasma membrane, MOP and 5-HT1A receptors form heterodimers that are characterized with an apparent dissociation constant Kdapp = (440 ± 70) nM). Prolonged exposure to all non-peptide opioids tested facilitated MOP and 5-HT1A heterodimerization and stabilized the heterodimer complexes, albeit to a different extent: Kd, Fentanylapp = (80 ± 70) nM), Kd,Morphineapp = (200 ± 70) nM, Kd, Codeineapp = (100 ± 70) nM and Kd, Oxycodoneapp = (200 ± 70) nM. The non-peptide opioids differed also in the extent to which they affected the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) p38 and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk1/2), with morphine, codeine and fentanyl activating both pathways, whereas oxycodone activated p38 but not ERK1/2. Acute stimulation with different non-peptide opioids differently affected the intracellular Ca2+ levels and signalling dynamics. Hypothetically, targeting MOP–5-HT1A heterodimer formation could become a new strategy to counteract opioid induced hyperalgesia and help to preserve the analgesic effects of opioids in chronic pain.
The Root Extract of Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn Exerts Anticancer Effects in Human Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells with Different EGFR Mutation Statuses by Suppressing MET Activity
Authors: Park Hyun-Ji , Jeong Jae-Hoon , Park Shin-Hyung 
Published: April 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate the anticancer effects of the root extract of Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn (EPP) in human non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and explore the mechanisms of action. We used four types of human lung cancer cell lines, including H1299 (epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) wild-type), PC9 (EGFR Glu746-Ala750 deletion mutation in exon 19; EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-sensitive), H1975 (EGFR L858R/T790M double-mutant; EGFR TKI-resistant), and PC9/ER (erlotinib-resistant) cells. EPP suppressed cell growth and the colony formation of NSCLC cells in a concentration-dependent manner. EPP stimulated chromatin condensation, increased the percentage of sub-G1 phase cells, and enhanced the proportion of annexin V-positive cells, demonstrating that EPP triggered apoptosis in NSCLC cells regardless of the EGFR mutation and EGFR TKI resistance status. The phosphorylation level of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and AKT was decreased by EPP. The expression of STAT3 target genes was also downregulated by EPP. EPP reversed hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-induced MET phosphorylation and gefitinib resistance. Taken together, our results demonstrate that EPP exerted anticancer effects not only in EGFR TKI-sensitive NSCLC cells, but also in EGFR TKI-resistant NSCLC cells, by suppressing MET activity.
Comunicación de Malas Noticias
Authors: Elizondo Vincenzi Giuliana , Ruiz Loría Viviana , Echeverría Flores Ana Sofía 
Published: April 2022

La habilidad para comunicar malas noticias a pacientes y familiares no se considera hoy una competencia opcional; por el contrario, subestimar su importancia ha contribuido a la percepción creciente en los últimos años de una medicina deshumanizada (12). Ser médico tiene la responsabilidad de ser eficaz al comunicar cualquier tipo de noticia. Realizaremos un análisis de diferentes enfoques de cómo realizar dicha comunicación brindando malas noticias. El ámbito prehospitalario tiene dificultades añadidas, (14) la eficacia de este ofrece a pacientes y familiares la posibilidad de mejorar el afrontamiento de situaciones difíciles (14). Se brindará la explicación de algunos de los protocolos sobre CMN como SPIKES, PENS, CONSOLE, COMFORT. Diversos estudios han documentado que los médicos no han recibido un entrenamiento formal para dar malas noticias (13) por lo que este artículo tiene como objetivo ser guía práctica y rápida para obtener conocimiento en este tema.
Depresión resistente al tratamiento como manifestación de adenoma de glándula suprarrenal.
Authors: Soto Chaves Genesis , Ramirez Zamora Luis Carlos , Camacho Quesada Javier , Madrigal Calderón Jose Pablo , Masís Marroquín Adriana 
Published: April 2022

El síndrome de Cushing es el resultado de la exposición a una cantidad excesiva de glucocorticoides por un largo periodo de tiempo. Sus manifestaciones clínicas rondan desde hallazgos muy característicos como las facies de luna llena, el acúmulo de grasa dorsocervical o las estrías purpúreas; hasta presentaciones poco específicas que pueden pasar desapercibidas y llevar a diagnósticos erróneos. Dentro de los casos más retadores se encuentran aquellos cuya presentación clínica se basa en manifestaciones psiquiátricas y síntomas inespecíficos; sin embargo, es esencial tener este síndrome en mente como diagnóstico diferencial con el fin de captar la mayor cantidad de casos de forma temprana y ofrecerles el tratamiento adecuado. Se presenta un caso de una mujer de 62 años quien consulta por una segunda opinión tras un diagnóstico de depresión sin respuesta al tratamiento, en quien por medio de examen físico se logra orientar el diagnóstico hacia un síndrome de cushing endógeno primario.
ACCIÓN GÉNICA Y GENES QUE OTORGAN RESISTENCIA A ROYA DE LA HOJA EN TRIGO CRISTALINO
Authors: Delgado-Sánchez Laura M. , Huerta-Espino Julio , Benítez-Riquelme Ignacio , Ammar Karim , Aguilar-Rincón Víctor H. 
Published: April 2022

La roya de la hoja, causada por el hongo Puccnia triticina E., es una enfermedad que cuando se presenta, genera pérdidas hasta del 100 % en el rendimiento de grano del trigo cristalino (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum L.). Como medida de protección genética en la construcción piramidal de nuevos genotipos resistentes es necesario identificar en el germoplasma con resistencia a esta enfermedad, el número de genes involucrados y su acción génica. Con este propósito, durante el ciclo de cultivo otoño-invierno 2017- 2018, se cruzaron los progenitores susceptibles Atred#1 y Atred#2 con las líneas resistentes de trigo cristalino procedentes de Etiopía WC-2 no. 100, DW-K2 no. 47, Oda, 2000/01 population FR. no. 43, 2000/01 population 37-30 BDI no. 63 y 2000/01 population 37-30 BDI no. 12. Las generaciones filiales de las cruzas se obtuvieron alternadamente en CIMMYT-Batán, Estado de México y CIMMYT-CENEB, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, hasta obtener las Familias F3 y F4. Con base en los análisis de segregantes de tales familias, se encontró que, en las seis líneas etíopes, la resistencia a la roya de la hoja es conferida por dos genes dominantes.
Acceso y disponibilidad en la cadena alimentaria de la papa. Estudio de caso en comunidades rurales del municipio Batallas-departamento de La Paz (Bolivia)
Authors: Azeñas Mallea Veriozka , Benavides López Jean Paul 
Published: April 2022

Aunque en la última década en Bolivia se han reducido los niveles de desnutrición, una proporción importante de la población rural presenta altos niveles de vulnerabilidad a la inseguridad alimentaria. Estos hechos se acompañan por un fuerte aumento de la importación de alimentos agrícolas, que implica una disminución de la producción, y la comercialización de productos campesinos. El propósito de este estudio es caracterizar la cadena de valor (producción y comercialización) de papa a nivel familiar; es decir, analizar las unidades familiares productivas y comprender la influencia de éstas sobre la seguridad alimentaria.
Se ha aplicado una encuesta elaborada en función al contexto social y cultural de las familias consideradas (102 familias productoras de papa en 5 comunidades del municipio de Batallas). Se realizó un análisis de componentes principales, análisis de correlación (Kendall) y pruebas inferenciales para identificar indicadores económico-productivos clave y establecer su relación con elementos de acceso y disponibilidad de alimento.
Los resultados evidenciaron la influencia de la cantidad de papa producida sobre la asignación al consumo y al comercio. Se muestra que, a mayor cantidad de papa producida, mayor es la papa consumida y menor el gasto en alimento, incidiendo de manera positiva en la disponibilidad de alimento de producción propia. Igualmente, a mayores cantidades de papa vendida, mayores los ingresos que servirían para satisfacer las necesidades de adquirir otro tipo de alimentos además de la papa. Sin embargo, la inversión en mano de obra familiar en tareas de producción y comercialización no mejora la rentabilidad, y por tanto no contribuye a la disponibilidad ni al acceso de alimentos. Este estudio evidencia que compensaciones entre elementos de la seguridad alimentaria guían la lógica de la familia productora en cuanto a producción comercialización y consumo. Se muestra la importancia del rendimiento, la rentabilidad y el rol central que juegan la mano de obra de la familia productora y el consumo responsable de los actores de la cadena, sugiriendo su potencial para mejorar la seguridad alimentaria en un momento de transformación del sistema agroalimentario en Bolivia.
Novel energy-efficient designs of vertical-cavity surface emitting lasers for the next generations of photonic systems
Authors: Tian Si-Cong , Ahamed Mansoor , Larisch Gunter , Bimberg Dieter 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
High-speed vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) at different wavelengths present the backbone of high-speed optical links showing large bandwidth density. The state of the art of present designs of VCSELs is summarized, including driving conditions. Several novel approaches for the design of GaAs-based VCSELs and VCSEL arrays are reported, potentially leading, e.g. to lower power consumption, much larger single mode output and larger bandwidth. The first one is based on using the photon lifetime as a system sensitive optimization parameter. The second one reports for the first time details of a disruptively novel (patented) design based on oxidizing the apertures from multiple etched holes in varying arrangements and finally on multi-aperture designs in one device. These designs are essential for improving the energy-efficiency of modules by optimizing the interplay of electronic driver and photonic device.
PELATIHAN PENGISIAN BKD SERTIFIKASI DOSEN STT PAGAR ALAM
Authors: Alfis Arif  , Ferry Putrawansyah  
Published: April 2022

Selain kualifikasi akademik, dosen harus memiliki 4 (empat) kompetensi, yaitu kompetensi professional, kompetensi pedagogik, kompetensi kepribadian, dan kompetensi social, dengan bukti memperoleh sertifikat pendidik. Pelaksanaan sertifikasi dosen yang telah berlangsung beberapa tahun secara umum telah berjalan secara efektif dan dapat meningkatkan kinerja dosen. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari peningkatan jumlah penulisan ilmiah dan buletin, namun dalam bidang pendidikan dan pengajaran masih terdapat dosen yang belum maksimal melaksanakan proses perkuliahan. Hambatan yang dihadapi antara lain masih rendahnya pemahaman sebagian dosen terhadap tugas dan beban kerja yang harus dilaksanakannya, dan sebagian dosen masih rendah tingkat kesadaran untuk melaksanakan tugas Tridharma Perguruan Tingginya.