bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of 3D Robotic-Guided Exoscopic Visualization in Microneurosurgery
Authors: Keric Naureen , Krenzlin Harald , Kurz Elena , Wesp Dominik M. A. , Kalasauskas Darius , Ringel Florian 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveThe three-dimensional (3D) exoscope is a novel apparatus introduced in recent years. Although an operating microscope (OM) is customarily used, this novel application offers several advantages. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the feasibility of deploying a robotic-guided 3D-exoscope for microneurosurgery and gauge its subsequent performance.MethodsThe use of a 3D exoscope was compared with that of OM during 16 surgical procedures. Postoperatively, surgeons completed an eight-item Likert-scale satisfaction survey. As a second step, a predefined surgical task was then undertaken by surgeons with varying levels of experience, assessing the time entailed. Two questionnaires, the satisfaction survey and NASA task load index (NASA-TLX), were administered.ResultsDuring routine procedures, the exoscope proved superior in magnification and ergonomic maintenance, showing inferior image contrast, quality, and illumination. It again ranked higher in magnification and ergonomic maintenance during the suturing task, and the OM excelled in treatment satisfaction and stereoscopic orientation. Workload assessment using the NASA-TLX revealed no difference by modality in the pairwise analysis of all components. At varying levels of experience, beginners bear a significantly higher burden in all principle components than mid-level and expert participants (p = 0.0018). Completion times for the suturing task did not differ (p = 0.22).ConclusionThe quality of visualization by 3D exoscope seems adequate for treatment and its ergonomic benefit is superior to that of OM. Although experienced surgeons performed a surgical simulation faster under the OM, no difference was evident in NASA-TLX surveys. The 3D exoscope is an excellent alternative to the OM.
Application of Rapid Rehabilitation Surgical Nursing Combined With Continuous Nursing in Self-Care Ability, Medication Compliance and Quality of Life of Renal Transplant Patients
Authors: Song Linyan , Jin Qing , Zhu Liying , Liu Zhe , Cheng Wenjuan 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of rapid rehabilitation surgery (FTS) nursing combined with continuous nursing on self-care ability, medication compliance and quality of life of patients after renal transplantation.MethodsSixty patients who received kidney transplantation in our hospital from January 2019 to January 2021 were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group with 30 patients in each group according to the random number table method. The control group was given FTS nursing, while the observation group was given continuous nursing on the basis of the control group. General data were collected and compared between the two groups. Postoperative indexes such as the time of first intake and the like of patients in the two groups were recorded. The patients' comfort, self-care ability, medication compliance and quality of life after renal transplantation were evaluated in the two groups. During the follow-up, the hospitalization of patients with complications was recorded.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the first intake, blood glucose, creatinine, urea nitrogen, blood potassium or postoperative hospital stay between the two groups (P &gt; 0.05). There was no significant difference in the postoperative physical, mental, psychological, social and environmental dimensions between the two groups (P &gt; 0.05). The scores of cognitive symptom management, exercise and communication with doctors in the two groups in post-intervention were higher than those in pre-intervention, and the scores in the observation group in post-intervention were higher than those in the control group (P &lt; 0.05). The medication compliance in the observation group (93.33%) was higher than that in the control group (70.00%) (χ2 = 5.455, P = 0.020). In post-intervention, the scores of quality of life of the observation group were higher than those of the control group (P &lt; 0.05). The admission rate of complications in the observation group (10.00%) was lower than that in the control group (30.00%) (χ2 = 3.750, P = 0.035).ConclusionFTS nursing can help renal transplantation patients to obtain more stable postoperative blood pressure, renal function and other indicators and comfort. On this basis, combined with continuous nursing can improve patients' self-care ability and medication compliance, which is of great significance to improve the quality of life of patients.
Evidence From the Decade of Action for Road Safety: A Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of Interventions in Low and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Tavakkoli Maryam , Torkashvand-Khah Zahra , Fink Günther , Takian Amirhossein , Kuenzli Nino , de Savigny Don , Cobos Muñoz Daniel 
Published: February 2022

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of road safety interventions in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), considering the principles of systems theory presented in the Global Plan for the Decade of Action for Road Safety.Methods: We conducted a systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines. We searched for original research studies published during 2011–2019 in the following databases: Medline, Embase, PsycInfo, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane library, Global Health Library, ProQuest and TRID. We included studies conducted in LMICs, evaluating the effects of road traffic safety interventions and reporting health-related outcomes.Results: Of 12,353 non-duplicate records, we included a total of 33 studies. Most interventions were related to legislation and enforcement (n = 18), leadership (n = 5) and speed management (n = 4). Overall, legislation and enforcement interventions appear to have the largest impact. Few studies were found for road infrastructure, vehicle safety standard and post crash response interventions.Conclusion: Based on the currently available evidence, legislation and enforcement interventions appear most impactful in LMICs. However, many interventions remain understudied and more holistic approaches capturing the complexity of road transport systems seem desirable.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=197267, identifier CRD42020197267.
Numerical Study of Entropy Generation in Fully Developed Turbulent Circular Tube Flow Using an Elliptic Blending Turbulence Model
Authors: Yang Xianglong , Yang Lei 
Published: February 2022

As computational fluid dynamics (CFD) advances, entropy generation minimization based on CFD becomes attractive for optimizing complex heat-transfer systems. This optimization depends on the accuracy of CFD results, such that accurate turbulence models, such as elliptic relaxation or elliptic blending turbulence models, become important. The performance of a previously developed elliptic blending turbulence model (the SST k–ω–φ–α model) to predict the rate of entropy generation in the fully developed turbulent circular tube flow with constant heat flux was studied to provide some guidelines for using this class of turbulence model to calculate entropy generation in complex systems. The flow and temperature fields were simulated by using a CFD package, and then the rate of entropy generation was calculated in post-processing. The analytical correlations and results of two popular turbulence models (the realizable k–ε and the shear stress transport (SST) k–ω models) were used as references to demonstrate the accuracy of the SST k–ω–φ–α model. The findings indicate that the turbulent Prandtl number (Prt) influences the entropy generation rate due to heat-transfer irreversibility. Prt = 0.85 produces the best results for the SST k–ω–φ–α model. For the realizable k–ε and SST k–ω models, Prt = 0.85 and Prt = 0.92 produce the best results, respectively. For the realizable k–ε and the SST k–ω models, the two methods used to predict the rate of entropy generation due to friction irreversibility produce the same results. However, for the SST k–ω–φ–α model, the rates of entropy generation due to friction irreversibility predicted by the two methods are different. The difference at a Reynolds number of 100,000 is about 14%. The method that incorporates the effective turbulent viscosity should be used to predict the rate of entropy generation due to friction irreversibility for the SST k–ω–φ–α model. Furthermore, when the temperature in the flow field changes dramatically, the temperature-dependent fluid properties must be considered.
Oral Manifestations and Maxillo-Facial Features in the Acromegalic Patient: A Literature Review
Authors: De Stefani Alberto , Dassie Francesca , Wennberg Alexandra , Preo Giorgia , Muneratto Alice , Fabris Roberto , Maffei Pietro , Gracco Antonio , Bruno Giovanni 
Published: February 2022

Background: Acromegaly is a chronic disease caused by an abnormal secretion of growth hormone (GH) by a pituitary adenoma, resulting in an increased circulating concentration of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). The main characteristics are a slow progression of signs and symptoms, with multisystemic involvement, leading to acral overgrowth, progressive somatic changes, and a complex range of comorbidities. Most of these comorbidities can be controlled with treatment. The literature reveals that the most evident and early signs are those related to soft tissue thickening and skeletal growth, especially in the head and neck region. Methods: The authors reviewed the available literature on the clinical oro-dental features of acromegaly, selecting articles from PubMed and Google Scholar. The aim of this review was to summarize all the reported clinical oro-dental features of acromegalic patients. Results: The most common facial dimorphisms involved the maxillo-facial district, with hypertrophy of the paranasal sinuses, thickening of the frontal bones, and protruding glabella, which may be associated with joint pain and clicks. Regarding the oro-dental signs, the most frequent are dental diastema (40–43%), mandibular overgrowth (22–24%), mandibular prognathism (20–22%), and macroglossia (54–58%). These signs of acromegaly can be significantly reduced with adequate treatment, which is more effective when initiated early. Conclusions: Increased awareness of acromegaly among dentists and maxillo-facial surgeons, along with the early identification of oro-facial changes, could lead to an earlier diagnosis and treatment, thereby improving patients’ quality of life and prognosis.
Концепція виправного покарання Бенджаміна Раша
Authors: Сокальська О. В. 
Published: February 2022

Автором проаналізовано есе Дослідження впливу публічних покарань на злочинців і суспільство (1787 р.) одного із піонерів американської пенології, соціального реформатора Бенджаміна Раша. Визначено основні складові концепції виправного покарання, розробленої Б. Рашем, її витоки, зв'язок з європейським пенальним дискурсом, а також вплив ідей просвітника на формування американських пенітенціарних систем.
Intercâmbios educacionais em tempos de guerra
Authors: Mendonça Cunha Adriana 
Published: February 2022

este artigo analisa os principais apontamentos do pesquisador estadunidense Robert King Hall acerca das reformas do ensino secundário realizadas durante o Estado Novo. Em 1940, Hall cursava doutorado em educação comparada pela Universidade de Michigan (UM) e visitou o Brasil para realizar um estudo sobre nossa educação secundária. Esta viagem foi possível com o auxílio de uma bolsa de pesquisa obtida através de um convênio, assinado entre o Instituto Brasil-EUA (IBEU) e a UM, para promoção de intercâmbios educacionais entre os dois países. Tal iniciativa era resultado do contexto de aproximação entre Brasil e Estados Unidos promovida pela Política de Boa Vizinhança. Utilizando dos conceitos de “circulação” e “moving localities”, busco discutir o processo de produção e fluxo de ideias entre educadores das duas nações a partir dos contatos estabelecidos por Hall com instituições e intelectuais brasileiros. Analisando a tese produzida pelo pesquisador, foi possível constatar críticas ao centralismo da educação brasileira e aos programas do curso secundário, recomendando-se uma maior flexibilização desta modalidade de ensino, de acordo com as diferenças regionais.
Palavras-chave: Educação Secundária; Política da Boa Vizinhança; Robert King Hall.
Caffeine Use in Premature Infants
Authors: Устинович Ю.А. , Лемешко Ю.И. , Жевнеронок И.В. , Свирская О.Я. , Ломская И.В. 
Published: February 2022

Представлен обзор данных современной научной медицинской литературы по вопросам использования кофеина в комплексной терапии недоношенных новорожденных. Отражены механизм действия, клинические эффекты и режимы дозирования. Обобщены данные катамнестического наблюдения за детьми, получавшими кофеин в неонатальном периоде.
A review of the data of modern scientific medical literature on the use of caffeine in the complex therapy of premature infants is presented. The mechanism of action, clinical effects and dosage regimens are reflected. The data of follow-up observation of children receiving caffeine in the neonatal period are summarized.
PRAKTEK JUAL BELI SISTEM ONLINE DITINJAU DARI HUKUM ISLAM STUDI KASUS MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS AL ASYARIAH MANDAR KABUPATEN POLEWALI MANDAR
Authors: T Muh. Irwan 
Published: February 2022

Transaksi jual beli saat ini tidak lagi dibatasi oleh jarak dan waktu, seiring dengan perkembangan tekhnologi internet, transaksi ini dapat dilakukan kapanpun dimanapun melalui dunia maya, salah satunya yaitu melalui suatu online shop atau toko online yang terdapat pada jejaring sosial (media sosial). Adapun judul penelitian yaitu,“ Praktek Jual Beli Sistem Online Ditianjau dari Hukum Islam, Studi Kasus Mahasiswa Universitas Al Asyariah Mandar” Kabupaten Polewali Mandar. Penelitian ini dikategorikan sebagai penelitian lapangan, dimana lebih ditekankan kepada penelitian deskriptif. Sedangkan deskriptif adalah penelitian yang berusaha mendeskripsikan suatu gejala, peristiwa, kejadian yang terjadi saat sekarang. Penelitian deskriptif memusatkan perhatian pada masalah aktual sebagaimana adanya pada saat penelitian berlangsung, serta menggunakan literatur atau buku-buku sebagai refrensi dalam penelitian ini. Tehnik pengumpulan datanya yaitu Penelitian kepustakaan, diantaranya kutipan langsung atau kutipan tidak langsung dan penelitian lapangan diantaranya obsevasi (mengamati) membagikan koesioner (angket), interviw (wawancara) dan dokumentasi untuk mendukung kelengkapan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan peneliti. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif yakni metode kuantitatif. Penelitian Kuantitatif merupakan metode untuk menguji teori-teori tertentu dengan cara meneliti hubungan antarvariabel. Variabel-variabel ini diukur (biasanya dengan instrumen penelitian) sehingga data yang terdiri dari angka-angka dapat dianalisis berdasarkan prosedur artistik. Adapun hasil penelitian ini maka, permasalahan yang akan dibahas berdasarkan latar belakang pada skripsi ini yang pertama: bagaimana paktek jual beli sistem online, yang dilakukan oleh Mahasiswa Universitas Al Asyariah Mandar, praktek yang dilakukan antara pembeli dan penjual sebelum transaksi berlansung maka kedua belah pihak melakukan kesepakatan. yang kedua bagaimana tinjauan hukum Islam terhadap praktek yang dilakukan mahasiswa Universitas Al Asyariah mandar. dengan berlandaskan Al-Qur’an, hadis dan pendapat para ulama, maka jual beli online yang dilakukan mahasiswa Universitas Al Asyariah Mandar dibolehkan, selama dalam prakteknya barang yang diperjual belikan jelas kualitas barangnya, tidak ada unsur kesaliman, (merugikan salah satu pihak), maka sah-sah saja atau diperbolehkan.
TINJAUAN HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP SISTEM JUAL BELI PULSA TOKEN LISTRIK (STUDI PADA PLN ULP POLEWALI)
Authors: Kaco Suardi , Sapri Sapri 
Published: February 2022

Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah konsumen akan mendapatkan kWh yang tidak sama dengan harga nominal uang yang dikeluarkan. Misalnya, konsumen membeli pulsa token listrik senilai Rp. 50.000,00 maka kita hanya akan mendapatkan 33,70 kWh. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana sistem jual beli pulsa token listrik di PLN ULP Polewali. Sedangkan tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tinjauan hukum Islam terhadap sistem jual beli pulsa token listrik di PLN ULP Polewali. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan studi kasus yaitu suatu penelitian yang dilakukan di lapangan atau lokasi penelitian, suatu tempat yang terpilih sebagai lokasi untuk menyelidiki gejalah objektif yang terjadi di lokasi tersebut. Sumber data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sumber data primer yaitu sumber data yang diperoleh langsung dari karyawan PLN ULP Polewali, pihak penjual serta pembeli dan sumber data sekunder yaitu sumber data yang diperoleh dari catatan dan buku-buku yang terkait dengan permasalahan yang penulis kaji. Pendekatan yang dilakukan adalah pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian yang didapat dalam penelitian ini adalah praktik jual beli pulsa token listrik ini harga uang yang dikeluarkan tidak sama dengan kWh yang kita dapat. Praktik seperti ini tidak termasuk riba karena pulsa token listrik bukanlah mata uang rupiah, meskipun satuannya rupiah, sehingga tidak harus diperjual belikan secara tamatsul (dengan nilai yang sama). Hal ini dinyatakan sah dan diperbolehkan, karena terpenuhinya rukun dan syarat jual beli serta tidak bertentangan dengan hukum Islam
ANALISIS TERHADAP FAKTOR TINGGINYA ANGKA CERAI GUGAT (STUDI KASUS DI PENGADILAN AGAMA POLEWALI TAHUN 2019)
Authors: Saifuddin Saifuddin , Misbayanti Misbayanti 
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor penyebab tingginya kasus peceraian gugat di Pengadilan Agama Polewali tahun 2019 dan mengetahui pertimbangan hakim dalam memutuskan perkara cerai gugat di Pengadilan Agama Polewali tahun 2019, adapun metode digunakan adalah metode lapangan (Field Research) kualitatif deskriftif, yakni penelitian dengan cara langsung terjun ke lokasi penelitian untuk memperoleh data-data yang di perlukan. Adapun sumber dari penelitian ini berasal dari data cerai gugat di Pengadilan Agama Polewali. Selanjutnya, metode pengumpulan data yang digunaka dalam metode ini adalah dokumentasi dan wawancara, lalu teknik pengelolaan data analisis data yang dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data yang bersifat deskriftif dalam bentuk kata-kata dan hasil wawancara.. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor penyebab tingginya cerai gugat di Pengadilan Agama Polewali tahun 2019 antara lain: 1) Perselisihan Terus Menerus sebanyak 321 perkara, 2) Meninggalkan Salah Satu Pihak sebanyak 97 perkara, 3) Ekonomi 30 perkara, 4) KDRT 16 perkara, 5) Mabuk 8 perkara, 6) Dihukum Penjara sebanyak 4 perkara, 7) Mandat 3 perkara, 8) Poligami sebanyak 3 perkara, 9) Murtad 3 perkara, 10) Judi 1 perkara, 11) Kawin Paksa sebanyak 1 perkara.
Pengaruh Harga, Promosi, Produk, Label Halal terhadap keputusan membeli frozen food (studi di kota Bengkulu)
Authors: Lestari Lupi Ayu , Apriani Yustika , Asnaini Asnaini , Kustin Kustin 
Published: February 2022

AbstakTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh Harga, Promosi, Produk, Label Halal secara parsial dan simultan terhadap keputusan pembelian Frozen food. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif asosiatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh konsumen di Kota Bengkulu yang membeli makanan beku dalam jumlah yang tidak diketahui. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini ditentukan sebanyak 115 sampel. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah metode analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial variabel harga (X1) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian Frozen Food dengan nilai t hitung sebesar 2,563 > t tabel 1,65857 dan nilai signifikansi 0,012 < 0,05, dan Promosi ( X2) juga berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan membeli Frozen. Makanan dengan nilai t-hitung 2,796 > t-tabel 1,65857 dan nilai signifikansi 0,006 < 0,05, dan produk (X3) juga berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian Frozen Food dengan nilai t-hitung 3,892 > t -tabel 1,65857 dan nilai signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05, dan Label Halal (X4) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian Frozen Food dengan nilai dan t hitung sebesar 4,757 > t tabel 1,65857 dan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000 < 0,05. Secara keseluruhan menunjukkan bahwa harga, promosi, produk, dan label halal berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian frozen food dengan nilai F hitung 51,360 > F tabel 3,08.Kata Kunci: Harga, Promosi, Produk, Label Halal
MAKNA TOLERANSI PERSPEKTIF TAFSIR AL-BURHAN DI DALAM SURAT AL-KAFIRUN
Authors: MZ Ahmad Murtaza , Mulkan Muhammad 
Published: February 2022

Paham toleransi secara bertahap mulai terkikis oleh paham-paham intoleran yang menggerogoti nilai-nilai toleransi yang sudah ditanamkan sejak dahulu. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pustaka yang bertujuan untuk menangkap paham toleransi perspektif mufasir nusantara yang terdapat dalam Surat Al-Kafirun dalam Tafsir Al-Burhan karya Abdul Karim Amrullah. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa seruan untuk saling bertoleransi antar umat agama dalam ajaran Agama Islam sudah dipraktikkan dari zaman ke zaman. Adanya individu yang melakukan tindak kekerasan atau aksi terorisme bukanlah bagian dari ajaran yang telah tertuang dalam Al-Qur’an, karena anjuran menebar kasih sayang dan cinta sesama manusia merupakan titik tekan dalam ajaran Islam yang menjunjung tinggi nilai-nilai humanisme dan perdamaian. Sehingga toleransi antar umat beragama secara serius dipraktikkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dalam bermasyarakat yang beragam.
KESADARAN POLITIK MASYARAKAT DALAM PEMILIHAN KEPALA DESA DI DESA EELAHAJI KECAMATAN KULISUSU KABUPATEN BUTON UTARA PADA TAHUN 2017
Authors: Suaib Eka , Asriani Asriani , Rahimudin Rahimudin 
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this research is to identify and know how the political awareness of the community in the Election of Eelahaji Village Head in 2017. This research uses qualitative method, with data obtained from observations, interviews, and field documentation where informants are determined purposive sampling and using interactive data analysis methods by Miles and Huberman.The results showed that in terms of people's knowledge of Eelahaji village voters about politics, they tended to be enthusiastic to participate in the election of the village head but only follow other communities and didn’t know the importance of politics and rules in organizing elections. In terms of understanding politics, the results showed a low understanding of the electorate about politics due to the lack of willingness of the people themselves to know politics further and the lack of role of local government in providing education about politics. In terms of attitudes towards political phenomena, research shows the tendency of people to continue to accept the practice of Political Money and even view the phenomenon as commonplace and not a serious problem. Meanwhile, in terms of behavior patterns, Eelahaji villagers tend to obey all government directives. In addition, there’s also a polarizing phenomenon among the people of Eelahaji Village during the election