bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optical and structural properties of nitrogen incorporated Ni doped Diamond-like Carbon thin films
Authors: Zarei Arezou , Momeni Mahdi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Co-depositing of nickel (Ni) and nitrogen (N2) in the diamond-like carbon (DLC) matrix was synthesized by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. In the work presented here, N2 was injected as a reactive gas to optimize the optical, and structural properties of Ni:N-DLC thin films, although N2 to argon (Ar) gas ratio was kept constant. Statistical properties of thin films were calculated from the surface topographic images of 2Ni:N-DLC, 3Ni:N-DLC, and 4Ni-N-DLC samples. The characterization of samples have been carried out by by atomic force microscopy (AFM), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. Band gap energies of 2Ni:N-DLC, 3Ni:N-DLC and 4Ni:N-DLC have been illustrated that the background N2 gas can be used for optimization of the electrical properties of Ni-DLC thin films.
Impaired auditory feedback prediction in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Kim Kyunghee X. , Dale Corby L. , Ranasinghe Kamalini G. , Kothare Hardik , Beagle Alexander J. , Lerner Hannah , Mizuiri Danielle , Gorno-Tempini Maria Luisa , Vossel Keith , Nagarajan Srikantan S. , Houde John F. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease involving cognitive impairment and abnormalities in speech and language. Here, we examine how AD affects the fidelity of auditory feedback predictions during speaking. We focus on the phenomenon of speaking-induced suppression (SIS), the auditory cortical responses’ suppression during auditory feedback processing. SIS is determined by subtracting the magnitude of auditory cortical responses during speaking from listening to playback of the same speech. Our state feedback control model of speech motor control explains SIS as arising from the onset of auditory feedback matching a prediction of that feedback onset during speaking – a prediction that is absent during passive listening to playback of the auditory feedback. Our model hypothesizes that the auditory cortical response to auditory feedback reflects the mismatch with the prediction: small during speaking, large during listening, with the difference being SIS. Normally, during speaking, auditory feedback matches its predictions, then SIS will be large. Any reductions in SIS will indicate inaccuracy in auditory feedback prediction not matching the actual feedback.
Methods: We investigated SIS in AD patients (n = 20; mean (SD) age, 60.77 (10.04); female (%), 55.00) and healthy controls (n = 12; mean (SD) age, 63.68 (6.07); female (%), 83.33) through magnetoencephalography-based functional imaging.
Results: We found a significant reduction in SIS at approximately 100 ms in AD patients compared to healthy controls (linear mixed effects model, F(1, 57.5) = 6.849, P= 0.011).
Conclusions: The results suggest that AD patients generate inaccurate auditory feedback predictions, contributing to abnormalities in AD speech.
Biomechanical Comparison of Polyether ether ketone and Titanium Rods for Novel Posterior Lumbar Spine Fusion Surgery in a Canine Model
Authors: Wang Nanxiang , Lin Xin , Guo Hangyu , Xi Chunyang , Ji Ye , Yan Jinglong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Previous studies have demonstrated the benefits of posterior lumbar spine fusion with orthotopic paraspinal muscle-pediculated bone flaps. However, non-union due to poor mechanical support remains a concern. Flexible devices, such as PEEK, are superior to conventional rigid devices in facilitating union and reducing adjacent segmental movement. Here, we assessed whether PEEK rods can accelerate fusion and reduce adjacent segmental movement to prevent adjacent segment disease.
Methods: Thirty-two mongrel dogs were assigned randomly into two groups for lumbar fusion surgery: titanium rods (control group; n=16); PEEK rods (treatment group; n=16). Animals were killed 8 or 16 weeks after surgery. The lumbar spines were harvested, and spinal changes were analyzed by manual palpation, gross examination, 3D motion tests, 3D-CT reconstruction (for rate of fusion), and µCT (for 3D structures of the fusion masses). Immunohistochemistry was used to examine the expression of BMP-2 and VEGF.
Results: The results indicated no significant differences in the lumbar spine of the control and treatment groups in terms of manual palpation, gross examination, 3D-CT reconstruction or range of movement (P>0.05). However, BMP-2 and VEGF expression was higher in the treatment group than in the control group at 8 weeks (BMP-2, 106.7 ± 8.8 vs. 90.4 ± 9.6, respectively, P<0.05; VEGF: 71.1 ± 10.6 vs. 58.5 ± 12.4, respectively; P<0.05). Results from the µCT showed better 3D structures of the fusion masses and higher bone quality in the treatment group (P<0.05).
Conclusion: PEEK rods increase the rate and quality of fusion but provide a similar range of adjacent segment movement as titanium rods.
Significance of peripheral blood indicators in predicting tumor spread through air spaces and survival in pathological stage I lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Na , Wu Junhua , Wang Tianli , Luo Danjv , He Jun , Wang Sihua , Chang Xiaona , Fan Jun , Nie Xiu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective: Tumor spread through air spaces(STAS) is a poor prognostic factor for early-stage non-small-cell cancers. This investigation sought to determine the correlations of preoperative peripheral blood parameters with STAS and survival outcomes in pathological stage I lung adenocarcinoma (ADC).
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 633 stage I ADC patients who underwent radical surgical resection for the presence of STAS using HE-stained pathological sections. The baseline clinicopathological features, preoperative peripheral blood indexes and follow-up data were analysed. Independent indicators of STAS were identified using multivariate logistic regression. Kaplan‒Meier analyses were used to examine overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Multivariate Cox regression analysis wasused to identifyindependent prognostic variables.
Results: STAS was discovered in 285 (45.0%) of the 633 patients. STAS positivity was related to gender, smoking status, disease stage, predominant histological pattern, and differentiation. The multivariate logistic regression identified a level of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) ≥5 ug/L and absolute monocyte count (AMC) ≥0.38 G/L as an independent predictor of STAS (p=0.005; p=0.013) among the hematological parameters. STAS positivity was an independent poor prognostic factor for RFS and OS in the CEA <5 µg/L subgroup but not in the CEA ≥5 µg/L subgroup (RFS: HR=2.616, 95% CI=1.414-4.839, p=0.002; OS: HR=5.534, 95% CI=1.186-25.816, p=0.029). In STAS-negative patients but not in STAS-positive patients, CEA demonstrated an independent predictive influence for recurrence and death (RFS: HR=6.488, 95% CI=2.475-17.010, p=0.005; OS: HR=19.569, 95% CI=2.487-153.983, p=0.005).
Conclusions: Preoperative hematological examination can be prioritised in predicting the presence of STAS, and CEA ≥5 ug/L and AMC ≥ 0.38 G/L were independent risk predictors for STAS in pathological stage I lung adenocarcinoma. Combining preoperative hematological markers with STAS can optimize the prediction of cancer mortality or recurrence following patient subclassification.
Application of Machine-Learning Algorithms in Outlier Detection in Well Logs
Authors: Talreja Rahul , Khan Asif Iqbal 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The digital transformation in the oil and gas sector began because of two economic downturns. Literature review suggests an increasing work on outlier identification in geophysical well logs with some Exploration and Production companies have started working internally on this aspect as it consumes a significant amount of time for a geoscientist. While performing 1D geomechanical modelling, data preparation is the most time-consuming step, often demanding close to 4 to 5 hours. The data preparation steps include removing the outliers present in the well log data caused by the casing shoe, bad hole intervals, tool noise, and many other factors. Geoscientists invest hours to clean these outliers and handle the resulting missing values. Identification of outliers is mostly manual and missing data are replaced with simple methods based on linear, power, or exponential algorithms derived in a laboratory setup. In this work, seven different anomaly detection techniques were evaluated on well logs. The proposed workflow includes a combination of Z-score and Isolation Forest algorithms to clean and condition the data and handle missing values. The workflow then constructed the cleaned composite log data in quick time, which was then directly consumed by 1D geomechanical workflows. This workflow is a handy tool that adds value by saving time in data preparation. This study will redound to the benefit of geoscientists by saving significant amount of the time spent in the identification of outliers and hence reducing the overall turnaround time of modelling.
Dispersal potential does not predict recent range expansions of sub-Antarctic plant species
Authors: Mazibuko Nompilo , Greve Michelle , Roux Peter C. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Dispersal influences many key aspects of plant ecology at both fine- and broad scales. However, dispersal events are challenging to quantify as they are difficult to observe and measure accurately, despite the importance of understanding species’ dispersal capacity. In this study, we quantified dispersal estimates for the dominant vascular flora of sub-Antarctic Marion Island, using a mechanistic model to estimate dispersal potential via anemochory and standardised experiments that simulate dispersal events via zoochory, human activity, and thalassochory, to test if dispersal capacity correlates to contemporary range expansion of the island’s native and alien species. Our results demonstrate the broad range of dispersal potential in the island’s flora and represent the first quantification of the dispersal potential (via multiple vectors) of the dominant vascular flora in the sub-Antarctic. Dispersal potential was not related to range expansion rates of native or alien species, suggesting that other mechanisms are responsible for the variation observed in species range expansion rates. Although this finding contradicts expectations and evidence from some other studies, it is consistent with research conducted in alpine regions (which may be climatically and physiognomically similar to this sub-Antarctic study site) where factors such as demography and competition are more important predictors of species range expansion than their dispersal ability, dispersal syndromes, or dispersal-related traits.
Antiviral activity of Turbinaria ornata against white spot syndrome virus in freshwater crab (Paratelphusa hydrodromous)
Authors: Raja Bharath , Thaiparambil Naveen Arakkal , Desai Kariyanna B , Radhakrishnan Vidya , Raja Sudhakaran 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
White spot disease in penaeid shrimp is caused by white spot syndrome virus and causing serious threat to shrimp farming industry. The present study was carried out to determine the anti-viral activity of Turbinaria ornata against WSSV in freshwater carbs Paratelphusa hydrodromous. The crabs were injected with acetone extract of T. ornata along with WSSV and the experimental groups were observed for more than 60 days post-infection. The efficacy of the T. ornata acetone extract was confirmed by bioassay, histopathology, and in-silicoanalysis. The results of the present study confirmed that acetone extract of T. ornata has significant anti-viral activity against WSSV and it can be used as a possible prophylactic in shrimp culture for prevention of WSSV infection.
A3D: Physical Adversarial Attack on Visual Perception Module of Self-driving Cars
Authors: Abideen Zain Ul , Bute Muhammad Atif , Khalid Samina , Ahmad Iftikhar , Amin Rashid 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Advancements in machine learning, especially tech­niques such as deep neural networks, are promoting a range of high-stakes applications, including autonomous driving, which often relies on deep learning for perception. While deep learning for perception has been shown to be vulnerable to a host of subtle adversarial manipulations of images, end-to-end demonstrations of successful attacks, which manipulate the physical environment and result in physical consequences, are scarce. We demonstrate the first end-to-end attacks on autonomous driving in simulation, using simple physically realizable attacks: the painting of black lines on the road. These attacks target deep neural network models for end-to-end autonomous driving control. A systematic investigation shows that such attacks are surprisingly easy to engineer, and we describe scenarios (e.g., right turns) in which they are highly effective, and others that are less vulnerable Our result shows how that physical adversarial attack decreased the accuracy of the state of the art network by up to 30%.
Genome analysis and elucidation of the biosynthetic pathway for the cRAS inhibitor rasfonin in Cephalotrichum gorgonifer
Authors: Schüller Andreas , Studt-Reinhold Lena , Berger Harald , Silvestrini Lucia , Labuda Roman , Güldener Ulrich , Gorfer Markus , Bacher Markus , Doppler Maria , Gasparotto Erika , Gattesco Arianna , Sulyok Michael , Strauss Joseph 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Fungi are important sources for bioactive compounds that find their applications in many important sectors like in the pharma-, food- or agricultural industries. In an environmental monitoring project for fungi involved in soil nitrogen cycling we also isolated Cephalotrichum gorgonifer (strain NG_p51). In the course of strain characterization work we found that this strain is able to naturally produce high amounts of rasfonin, a polyketide inducing autophagy, apoptosis, necroptosis in human cell lines and shows anti-tumor activity in RAS-dependent cancer cells.
Results
In order to elucidate the biosynthetic pathway of rasfonin, the strain was genome sequenced, annotated, submitted to transcriptome analysis and genetic transformation was established. Biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) prediction revealed the existence of 22 BGCs of which the majority was not expressed under our experimental conditions. In silico prediction revealed two BGCs with a suite of enzymes possibly involved in rasfonin biosynthesis. Experimental verification by gene-knock out of the key enzyme genes showed that one of the predicted BGCs is indeed responsible for rasfonin biosynthesis.
Conclusions
The results of this study lay the ground for molecular biology focused research in Cephalotrichum gorgonifer. Furthermore, strain engineering and heterologous expression of the rasfonin BGC is now possible which allow both the construction of rasfonin high producing strains and biosynthesis of rasfonin derivates for diverse applications.
Synthesis of CoFe 2 O 4 @ZnMOF/Graphene nanoflake for photocatalytic degradation of diazinon under visible light irradiation: Optimization and modeling using a fractional factorial method
Authors: Roostaee Maryam , Sheikhshoaie Iran 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
One of the pesticides made of organophosphates is diazinon. If it persists in soil and water resources, it may endanger animal and human health. Here, Diazinon was photocatalytically degraded under visible light using CoFe2O4@ZnMOF/Graphene nanoflake (GNF) nanocomposite, which had not been used before for diazinon degradation. Initially, a CoFe2O4@ZnMOF /GNF with excellent optical characteristics was developed. This nanocomposite characterized with XRD, FESEM and TEM microscopy. Numerous factors influencing the photocatalytic degradation of diazinon were investigated using a fractional factorial design 24−1. The investigated factors were: the initial concentration of diazinon, the photocatalyst dosage, contact time and pH. According to the studies, these parameters have a significant impact on degradation efficiency. The highest experimental degradation efficiency achieved was 97.38%. The software determined that the optimum conditions were 10mg catalyst, 30 ppm Diazinon dosage, 90 min reaction time, and pH 9. The kinetics of diazinon photocatalytic degradation were investigated and reported to follow a pseudo-first-order kinetic model. Finally, after five runs, the reusability of the CoFe2O4@Zn MOF-GNF photocatalyst demonstrated excellent chemical stability during the photocatalytic degradation of diazinon.
Bibliometric analysis of the 100 most cited papers about the role of gut microbiota in irritable bowel syndrome from 2000 to 2021
Authors: Wan Changshan , Kong Xiangxu , Liao Yusheng , Chen Qiuyu , Chen Mengshi , Ding Qian , Liu Xiaotong , Zhong Weilong , Xu Chen , Liu Wentian , Wang Bangmao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Aim
Over the last few decades, gut microbiota research has been the focus of intense research and this field has become particularly important. This research aimed to provide a quantitative evaluation of the 100 most-cited articles on gut microbiota and IBS and highlight the most important advances in this field.
Methods
The database Web of Science Core Collection (WoS) was used to download the bibliometric information the top 100 most-cited papers. Microsoft Excel 2021, CiteSpace, VOSviewer, R software, and an online analytical platform (https://bibliometric.com/) were was applied to perform bibliometric analysis of these papers.
Results
The total citation frequency in the top 100 article ranged from 274 to 2,324, with an average citation of 556.57. A total of 24 countries/regions made contributions to the top 100 cited papers, and USA, Ireland, and China were the most top three productive countries. Cryan JF was the most frequently nominated author, and of the top 100 articles, 20 listed his name. Top-cited papers mainly came from the Gastroenterology (n = 13, citations = 6,373) and Gut (n = 9, citations = 3,903). There was a significant citation path, indicating publications in molecular/biology/immunology primarily cited journals in molecular/biology/genetics fields. Keywords analysis suggested that the main topics on gut microbiota and IBS were mechanisms of microbiome in brain-gut axis." Behavior" was the keyword with the strongest burst strength (= 2.36), followed by “anxiety like behavior” (2.24), “intestinal microbiota” (2.19), and “chain fatty acid” (1.99), and “maternal separation” (1.95).
Conclusion
This study identified and provided the bibliometric information of the top 100 cited publications related to gut microbiota and IBS. The results provided a general overview of this topic and might help researchers to better understand the evolution, Influential findings and hotspots in researching gut microbiota and IBS, thus providing new perspectives and novel research ideas in this specific area.
Intracorporeal colonic anastomosis leads to enhanced recovery and reduced morbidity rates compared to extracorporeal anastomosis: a retrospective cohort study of 331 colonic resections
Authors: Cuk Pedja , Büyükuslu Musa , Möller Sören , Verwaal Victor Jilbert , Al-Najami Issam , Ellebaek Mark Bremholm 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The intracorporeal anastomosis (IA) technique is increasingly adopted in colonic surgery due to possible enhanced patient recovery and reduced morbidity rates compared to the extracorporeal anastomosis (EA) technique. This study compared the IA versus EA techniques in an implementation phase regarding short-term morbidity and surgical efficacy in segmental colonic resections for various etiology.
Method
We performed a retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients from 2015–2020 using the IA or EA technique at a Danish colorectal center. Comparative outcomes of interest were surgical efficacy and short-term morbidity rates. An inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analysis of clinically relevant outcomes was conducted to explore potential baseline confounding.
Results
We included 331 patients, 287 in the IA group and 44 in the EA group. The following was recorded in the IA compared to the EA group: i) enhanced recovery rate resulting in; a shorter hospital stay (3.1 days (2.9–5.1) vs. 4.1 days (3.2–6.2), p = 0.008), ii) a lower conversion rate to open surgery (0% vs. 5%, p = 0.017), and iii) a reduction in overall medical complications (15% vs. 34%, p = 0.005). Supplementary logistic regression and adjusted IPTW analysis showed the IA group had a reduction in intraoperative blood loss (mean difference = -62.31 mL, p = 0.015) and Clavien-Dindo grade 1–2 medical complication rates (relative risk reduction (RRR) = 0.33, p = 0.000).
Conclusion
Employment of the IA technique in segmental colonic cancer surgery is safe, resulting in improved patient recovery and postoperative morbidity rates compared to the EA technique.
Meritorious Health-seeking Behavior Evinced by Healthcare Workers in the Covid-19 Hit Kampala Capital City of Uganda; a Cross-sectional Study.
Authors: Ssekitooleko Badru , Ssuna Bashir , Oleru Olive , Nalubega Madina , Tomusange Simon , Bua Emmanuel , Ssebuggwawo Jonathan , Nkonge Emmanuel , Ssewanyana Yasin , Atuhaire Shallon 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Health seeking behavior (HSB) is simply an action or inaction of an individual towards their health. For various, at times justifiable reasons, HSB is generally low among healthcare workers in Ugandans. However, this situation could have changed during the covid 19 pandemic era. We set out to assess for determinants of HSB among Healthcare Workers (HWs) in Public and Private Facilities in the Covid-19 hit Kampala capital city of Uganda.
Methods: This was a Cross-sectional study with an explanatory-sequential mixed methods design in which we consecutively recruited HWs from the selected health facilities during the study period and met eligibility criteria. A questionnaire was administered using the Open Data Toolkit system and data was later exported into STATA 17/MP for analysis. We summarized it in tables, graphs, mean and SD. Determinants of HSB were assessed using a modified Poison regression method with clustered robust standard errors. Qualitative data from focus group discussions was analyzed using Atlas.ti 9 using the inductive content analysis method.
Results: We recruited 579 HWs. The mean and standard deviation of their age was 35±7 years. Majority were females 322 (55.6%). Most of the participants (n=240, 41.5%) worked in government hospitals. Majority 80.5% [95%CI 77.0-83.6] had undergone a medical check-up in the past 12 months. The factors that positively influenced HSB were having a Diploma aPR =0.86 [95%CI: 0.79-0.93], P<0.001, being widowed aPR =1.17 [95%CI: 1.12-1.22], P<0.001, having 10+ years of working experience aPR = 1.07 [95%CI: 1.01-1.13], P= 0.028, having a chronic illness aPR =1.10 [95%CI: 1.03-1.17], P=0.004, having a family doctor aPR=1.12 [95%CI: 1.04-1.21], P=0.004. From the focus group discussions, participants described routine medical check-up as being advantageous, however, sighted barriers to good HSB such as; fear of the unknown, mistrust among colleagues with their confidentiality and busy schedules. The suggested facilitators of good HSB included; good hospital policies, waiver money for medical checkups and treatment, increase salaries, having CMEs, and increased awareness about good HSB practices.
Conclusions: Although not the desirable, commendable HSB was exhibited by HWs during the Covid-19 era a norm that must be replicated years after.