Abstract P1-06-02: Targeted deletion of Kindlin-2 in mouse mammary glands inhibits tumor growth, invasion and metastasis downstream of TGF-β/EGF oncogenic signaling pathway
Authors: Rana Priyanka , Wang Wei , Alkrekchi Akram , Bialkowska Katarzyna , Markovic Vesna , Plow Edward F , Pluskota Elzbieta , Sossey-Alaoui Khalid 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Cancer metastasis is a complex process by which cancer cells migrate through the blood and the lymphatic systems to lodge and proliferate in distant sites and organs in the body. Metastasis is the main cause of death in patients suffering from cancer, including those patients with breast cancer. Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in women and is one of the leading causes of death due to cancer invasion, metastasis, and resistance to therapies. Among its variants, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is considered the most aggressive due to its early invasive and metastatic properties with poor prognosis. Kindlin-2, which is encoded by Fermitin family homolog 2 gene (FERMT2) has been associated with pathogenesis of several types of cancers of epithelial origin. Our previous studies have addressed the role of Kindlin-2 as a major regulator of the invasion-metastasis cascade in breast cancer by controlling several hallmarks of cancer in tumor cells. The contribution of mammary epithelial cell Kindlin-2 in the mammary glands to the process of tumor progression and metastasis has, however, not been investigated. Accordingly, we generated a floxed mouse strain by targeting the FREMT2 (K2lox/lox) locus using a CRISPR/Cas9-based editing strategy, followed by tissue-specific deletion of the Kindlin-2 in the basal subtype of the mammary epithelial cells (MECs) in the mouse mammary glands by crossing the K2lox/lox mice with K14-cre mice. Loss of Kindlin-2 in the basal MECs had no deleterious effects on mammary glands development, mouse development and fertility and lactation in mice bearing the Kindlin 2-deletetion phenotype and their progeny. However, in a syngeneic mouse model of BC, the loss of Kindlin-2 in MECs inhibited tumor growth and metastasis in mice inoculated with the aggressive murine TNBC E0771 cells when implanted directly in their mammary fat pads. Injecting the E0771 cells via the tail vein of Kindlin-2-deleted mice had, however, no effect on tumor colonization in the lungs, when compared to wild-type mice, clearly supporting a critical role of MECs Kindlin-2 in BC tumor growth and metastasis. Mechanistically, we found the MECs Kindlin-2-mediated inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis is through the regulation of the TGF-β/ERK MAP. kinase signaling axis, in a similar manner that our published studies showed that Kindlin-2 regulates this oncogenic pathway in the BC cells. Thus, our findings strongly suggest that Kindlin-2 supports BC oncogenesis in both the tumor cells and the MECs in the mammary glands, through the regulation of the TGF-β/EGF oncogenic signaling pathway. Therefore, therapeutic strategies targeting Kindlin-2 in both the cancer cells and the mammary glands may be necessary for a successful inhibition of BC tumors.
Citation Format: Priyanka Rana, Wei Wang, Akram Alkrekchi, Katarzyna Bialkowska, Vesna Markovic, Edward F Plow, Elzbieta Pluskota, Khalid Sossey-Alaoui. Targeted deletion of Kindlin-2 in mouse mammary glands inhibits tumor growth, invasion and metastasis downstream of TGF-β/EGF oncogenic signaling pathway [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-06-02.