bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
All‐Climate and Ultrastable Dual‐Ion Batteries with Long Life Achieved via Synergistic Enhancement of Cathode and Anode Interfaces
Authors: Li Wen‐Hao , Li Yue‐Ming , Liu Xin‐Fang , Gu Zhen‐Yi , Liang Hao‐Jie , Zhao Xin‐Xin , Guo Jin‐Zhi , Wu Xing‐Long 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDual‐ion batteries (DIBs) are a viable option for large‐scale energy storage owing to their high energy density, low cost, and environmental friendliness. However, interfacial instability at both the cathode and anode in Li‐graphite DIBs (LG‐DIBs) contributes to poor cycling performance and failed energy storage, severely limiting their application potentials. Herein, a two‐pronged strategy is used to improve the interfacial stability, synergistically stabilizing the graphite cathode by applying a rigid/inert surface coating while building a 3D framework on the lithium anode. The resultant LG‐DIBs are ultrastable and achieve a long cycle life (capacity retention of 80% after 2700 cycles at 200 mA−1) in the all‐climate temperature range from −25 to 40 °C. Ex situ characterization reveals that the cathode–electrolyte interphase on graphite is stabilized by suppressing the electrolyte decomposition and reducing graphite exfoliation. Simultaneously, the framework constructed on the lithium anode induces uniform and dendrite‐free Li deposition owing to its 3D structure. This study not only contributes to the development of practical LG‐DIBs but also points out a promising research direction for other new types of batteries.
Intranasal Delivery of Functionalized Polymeric Nanomaterials to the Brain
Authors: Zha Shuai , Wong Ka‐Leung , All Angelo H. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntravenous delivery of nanomaterials containing therapeutic agents and various cargos for treating neurological disorders is often constrained by low delivery efficacy due to difficulties in passing the blood‐brain barrier (BBB). Nanoparticles (NPs) administered intranasally can move along olfactory and trigeminal nerves so that they do not need to pass through the BBB, allowing non‐invasive, direct access to selective neural pathways within the brain. Hence, intranasal (IN) administration of NPs can effectively deliver drugs and genes into targeted regions of the brain, holding potential for efficacious disease treatment in the central nervous system (CNS). In this review, current methods for delivering conjugated NPs to the brain are primarily discussed. Distinctive potential mechanisms of therapeutic nanocomposites delivered via IN pathways to the brain are then discussed. Recent progress in developing functional NPs for applications in multimodal bioimaging, drug delivery, diagnostics, and therapeutics is also reviewed. This review is then concluded by discussing existing challenges, new directions, and future perspectives in IN delivery of nanomaterials.
An mTOR siRNA‐Loaded Spermidine/DNA Tetrahedron Nanoplatform with a Synergistic Anti‐Inflammatory Effect on Acute Lung Injury
Authors: Huang Chaowang , You Qianyi , Xu Jing , Wu Di , Chen Huaping , Guo Yuhang , Xu Jiancheng , Hu Mingdong , Qian Hang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAcute lung injury (ALI) is characterized by severe inflammation and damage to the lung air–blood barrier, resulting in respiratory function damage and life‐threatening outcomes. Macrophage polarization plays an essential role in the occurrence, development, and outcome of ALI. As drug carriers, self‐assembled DNA nanostructures can potentially overcome the drawbacks and limitations of traditional anti‐inflammatory agents owing to their nontoxicity, programmability, and excellent structural control at the nanoscale. A small interfering RNA (siRNA) and drug dual therapy nanoplatform are proposed and constructed here to combat ALI. The nanoplatform consists of a spermidine‐assembled DNA tetrahedron and four mammalian target of rapamycin siRNAs. Spermidine serves as a mediator of drug delivery vehicle synthesis and a drug that alters macrophage polarization. Both spermidine and siRNA exert anti‐inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo by regulating the macrophage phenotype. More importantly, these factors exhibit a synergistic anti‐inflammatory effect by promoting macrophage autophagy. For the first time, an anti‐inflammatory dual therapy strategy that uses self‐assembled DNA nanostructures as nontoxic, programmable delivery vehicles is proposed and demonstrated through this work. Future work on utilizing DNA nanostructures for the treatment of noncancerous diseases such as ALI is highly promising and desirable.
Microfluidic Oxidation of Graphite in Two Minutes with Capability of Real‐Time Monitoring
Authors: Ye Chuanren , Wang Gang , Yuan Hong , Li Jieyun , Ni Kun , Pan Fei , Guo Minghao , Wu Yanhong , Ji Hengxing , Zhang Fan , Qu Bill , Tang Zhiyong , Zhu Yanwu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGraphite oxide and its exfoliated counterpart, graphene oxide, are important precursors for the large‐scale production of graphene‐based materials and many relevant applications. The current batch‐style preparation of graphite oxide suffers from safety concern, long reaction time, and nonuniform product quality, due to the large volume of reactors and slow energy exchange. Reaction in microchannels can largely enhance the oxidization efficiency of graphite due to the enhanced mass transfer and extremely quick energy exchange, by which the controllable oxidization of graphite is achieved in ≈2 min. Comprehensive characterizations show that the graphene oxide obtained through the microfluidic strategy has features like those prepared in laboratory beakers and industrial reactors, yet with the higher oxidization degree and more epoxy groups. More importantly, the microfluidic preparation allows for on‐line monitoring of the oxidization by Raman spectroscopy, ready for the dynamical control of reaction condition and product quality. The capability of continuous preparation is also demonstrated by showing the assembly of fibers and reduction of graphene oxide in microfluidic channels, and the applicability of graphene oxide prepared from the microfluidic strategy for thermally and electrically conductive films.
Inhibition of Integrin αvβ6 Activation of TGF‐β Attenuates Tendinopathy
Authors: Wang Xiao , Liu Shen , Yu Tao , An Senbo , Deng Ruoxian , Tan Xiaohua , Crane Janet , Zhang Weixin , Pan Dayu , Wan Mei , Carr Andrew , Cao Xu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTendinopathy is a common tendon disorder that causes pain and impairs function. It is the most common reason for consultation with musculoskeletal specialists. The available therapies for tendinopathy are limited in number and efficacy and have unclear cellular and molecular mechanisms. Here it is shown that transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β) activated by integrin αvβ6 promotes tendinopathy in mice. Excessive active TGF‐β is found during tendinopathy progression, which led to tenocytes’ phenotype transition to chondrocytes. Transgenic expression of active TGF‐β in tendons induced spontaneous tendinopathy, whereas systemic injection of a TGF‐β neutralizing antibody attenuated tendinopathy. Inducible knockout of the TGF‐β type 2 receptor gene (Tgfbr2) in tenocytes inhibited tendinopathy progression in mice. Moreover, it is found that integrin αvβ6 induces TGF‐β activation in response to mechanical load in tendons. Conditional knockout of the integrin αv gene in tendons prevented tendinopathy in mice. The study suggests that integrin αvβ6 activation of TGF‐β is the mechanism of tendinopathy, and that integrin αvβ6 may be a therapeutic target in tendinopathy.
A Two‐Phase Approach to Fusicoccane Synthesis To Uncover a Compound That Reduces Tumourigenesis in Pancreatic Cancer Cells
Authors: Chen Bolin , Wu Qianwei , Xu Dongdong , Zhang Xijing , Ding Yahui , Bao Shiqi , Zhang Xuemei , Wang Liang , Chen Yue 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAlterbrassicicene D (1) and 3(11)‐epoxyhypoestenone (2) were synthesised via a two‐phase approach featuring concise construction of the 5‐8‐5 tricyclic intermediate and a tandem base‐mediated epoxide opening–transannular oxa‐Michael addition cascade to forge the complex skeleton of 2. The route is scalable and we generated 15 g of the tricyclic intermediate in 8 steps from (R)‐limonene and 720 mg of the penultimate bioactive intermediate in a protecting‐group‐free manner. Our synthesis enabled the structural determination of 2 and provided materials for preliminary anticancer evaluation. The penultimate intermediate showed therapeutic potential in terms of its ability to dramatically reduce the tumourigenic potential of PANC‐1 pancreatic cancer cells according to a limiting dilution tumour‐initiating assay. Our synthetic approach will facilitate unified access to naturally occurring fusicoccanes and their derivatives for anticancer evaluation.
Triphase Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction over Silver‐Decorated Titanium Oxide at a Gas–Water Boundary
Authors: Huang Huining , Shi Run , Li Zhenhua , Zhao Jiaqi , Su Chenliang , Zhang Tierui 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPhotocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is an attractive process to convert CO2 into valuable chemicals. But this reaction is often restricted by the poor mass transfer of CO2 in the liquid phase. Here, we have developed a triphase photocatalytic CO2RR system by supporting Ag‐decorated TiO2 nanoparticles at a gas–water boundary with hydrophobic–hydrophilic abrupt interfacial wettability. Such a triphase system allows the rapid delivery of gas‐phase CO2 to the surface of photocatalysts while maintaining an efficient water supply and uncovered active sites. Ag‐TiO2 supported at the gas–water boundary showed a CO2 reduction rate of 305.7 μmol g−1 h−1, without hole scavengers, approximately 8 times higher than the nanoparticles dispersed in the liquid phase. Even using diluted CO2 (10 %) as the reactant, the CO2RR activity was superior to most reported Ag‐TiO2 based photocatalysts using pure CO2. The findings provide a general strategy to promote the interfacial CO2 mass transfer to improve photoactivity and selectivity.
Stereoselective Synthesis of Atropisomeric Acridinium Salts by the Catalyst‐Controlled Cyclization of ortho‐Quinone Methide Iminiums
Authors: Wu Xingxing , Sparr Christof 
Published: February 2022

AbstractQuinone methides are fundamental intermediates for a wide range of reactions in which catalyst stereocontrol is often achieved by hydrogen bonding. Herein, we describe the feasibility of an intramolecular Friedel–Crafts 6π electrocyclization through ortho‐quinone methide iminiums stereocontrolled by a contact ion pair. A disulfonimide catalyst activates racemic trichloroacetimidate substrates and imparts stereocontrol in the cyclization step, providing a new avenue for selective ortho‐quinone methide iminium functionalization. A highly stereospecific oxidation readily transforms the enantioenriched acridanes into rotationally restricted acridiniums. Upon ion exchange, the method selectively affords atropisomeric acridinium tetrafluoroborate salts in high yields and an enantioenrichment of up to 93 : 7 e.r. We envision that ion‐pairing catalysis over ortho‐quinone methide iminiums enables the selective synthesis of a diversity of heterocycles and aniline derivatives with distinct stereogenic units.
Synthesis, molecular docking, and biological evaluation of 5‐alkyl(aryl)‐2‐isobutylthiazole derivatives: As α‐amylase, α‐glucosidase, and protein kinase inhibitors
Authors: Khan Siraj , Buğday Nesrin , Rehman Asim Ur , Haq Ihsan Ul , Yaşar Sedat , Özdemir İsmail 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA series of 18 biologically active C5‐arylated‐2‐isobutylthiazole derivatives that were synthesized by Pd‐NHC complexes [Pd(μ‐Cl)Cl (NHC)]2, NHC = SIXyl, 2), (LCl2Pd‐NHC, L = PPh3, 3), (LCl2Pd‐NHC, L = Py, 4), (LCl2Pd‐NHC, L = 3‐CHO‐Py, 5) catalyzed C‐H bond activation reactions. The catalytic activity of Pd‐NHC complexes was examined on the C‐H bond activation reaction of 2‐isobutylthiazole. All Pd‐NHC complexes were characterized by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance specroscopy (NMR), 13C NMR, fouirer transform infrared spektroscopy (FTIR), quadrupole‐time of flying‐liquit cromotagraphy/mass spektroscopy (Q‐TOF‐LC/MS), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GCMS), and melting point detection technique. The physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetics, and drug‐likeness were calculated by SwissADME. PkCSM database was used to calculate toxicities profile. All the products (6a–6s) were additionally assessed in vitro for their antidiabetic potential using α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase inhibitory activities. The protein kinase activity was performed to evaluate their anticancer activities. All the compounds possess drug‐like characters as they followed Lipinski's rule of five (RO5). Almost all the compounds showed no to fewer toxicities. In addition, other than the compounds, that is, 6a, 6b, 6c, 6m, 6n, 6p, and 6s, the rest of the compounds showed good α‐glucosidase inhibitory potential (IC50 7.17 ± 0.201 to 74.08 ± 0.244 μg/ml) when compared with acarbose standard (IC50 16.59 ± 0.135 μg/ml). All compounds had moderate to good inhibitory potential against the α‐amylase enzyme, with IC50 values ranging from 12.00 ± 0.289 to 76.15 ± 0.477 μg/ml. Eleven analogs (6e, 6f, 6g, 6h, 6j, 6k, 6l, 6n, 6o, 6p, and 6r) showed good to moderate activity. Seven analogs (6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, 6i, 6m, and 6s) showed no α‐amylase inhibitory activity. The protein kinase inhibition potential was determined for the first time, and the compounds 6d, 6e, 6f, 6h, 6k, 6p, and 6r depicted activity with the zone of inhibition in the range of 9 ± 1.3 to 19 ± 1.5 mm. The ligands and active site binding interactions of α‐glucosidase, α‐amylase, and protein kinase enzymes were also studied using molecular modeling.
Covalent organic framework‐supported Pd nanoparticles: An efficient and reusable heterogeneous catalyst for Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions
Authors: Jin Hao , Zhang Chi , Liu Pingwei , Ge Xin , Zhou Shaodong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA Schiff base hollow covalent organic framework (COF) was used for anchoring Pd(II) to synthesize the Pd@COF‐TB nanocatalyst. Then, the as‐synthesized Pd@COF‐TB catalyst has been meticulously characterized using several methods. Thereafter, the catalytic performance of the Pd@COF‐TB species regarding Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions was examined, and the corresponding products were obtained with good to excellent yields. Besides, the Pd@COF‐TB catalyst could be recovered conveniently and reused at least eight times without obvious decrease in activity and selectivity. More importantly, the leaching of Pd during the reaction process could be negligible, which is crucially important when preparing bioactive species.
A cocktail of protein engineering strategies: Breaking the enzyme bottleneck one by one for high UTP production in vitro
Authors: Li Zonglin , Sun Chuanqi , Lou Longwei , Li Zhimin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe pyrimidine metabolic pathway is tightly regulated in microorganisms, allowing limited success in metabolic engineering for the production of pathway‐related substances. Here, we constructed a four‐enzyme coupled system for the in vitro production of uridine triphosphate (UTP). The enzymes used include nucleoside kinase, uridylate kinase, nucleoside diphosphate kinase, and polyphosphate kinase for energy regeneration. All these enzymes are derived from extremophiles. To increase the total and unit time yield of the product, three enzymes other than polyphosphate kinase were modified separately by multiple protein engineering strategies. A nucleoside kinase variant with increased specific activity from 2.7 to 36.5 U/mg, a uridylate kinase variant (specific activity of 37.1 U/mg) with a 5.2‐fold increase in thermostability, and a nucleoside diphosphate kinase variant with a 2‐fold increase in a specific activity to over 900 U/mg were obtained, respectively. The reaction conditions of the coupled system were further optimized, and a two‐stage method was taken to avoid the problem of enzymatic pH adaptation mismatch. Under optimal conditions, this system can produce more than 65 mM UTP (31.5 g/L) in 3.0 h. The substrate conversion rate exceeded 98% and the maximum UTP productivity reached 40 mM/h.
Elucidating Instabilities Contributing to Capacity Fade in Bipyridine‐Based Materials for Non‐aqueous Flow Batteries
Authors: Kolesnichenko Claudina X. , Pratt Harry D. , Small Leo J. , Anderson Travis M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractInvited for this month's cover picture is the non‐aqueous redox flow battery team at Sandia National Laboratories. The cover picture shows a chemist modifying the anolyte side of the flow cell and renewable energy sources in the background. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/celc.202101490.
Hollow Capsule NiCo2NS Prepared by Self‐Sacrificing Template Method for High‐Efficiency Bifunctional Catalyst and Its Application in Zn‐Air Battery
Authors: Zhao Lingxue , Zhang Guanghui , Wang Bingqian , Li Guangda 
Published: February 2022

AbstractExploring the application of high‐efficiency bifunctional oxygen catalysts to rechargeable zinc‐air batteries has been a research hotspot in recent years. We succeeded in obtaining NiCo2NS with a hollow capsule structure through the self‐sacrificing template method, which has a larger specific surface area and can provide more active sites for electrocatalysis relative to his solid. The introduction of S can change the valence distribution of N and the electronic structure of the M−N bond, so that NiCo2NS exhibits excellent performance in the overpotential and stability of the oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions. It shows an overpotential of 154 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and a half‐wave potential of 0.76 V. When used as a bi‐functional catalyst in zinc‐air batteries, it exhibits good stability within 400 h. The flexible battery assembled by NiCo2NS also shows excellent performance, and can be cycled stably for 20 h. The current maintains good stability when it is bent at different angles during the cycle.
A Practical and High‐Affinity Fluorescent Probe for Butyrylcholinesterase: A Good Strategy for Binding Affinity Characterization
Authors: Wang Lei , Du Chenxi , Liu Hui , Qiu Weimin , Lu Xin , Hu Yanyu , Li Yueqing , Sun Tianyu , Chen Yao , Sun Haopeng 
Published: February 2022

Comprehensive SummaryButyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is regarded as a promising target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), as its level significantly increases along with the progress of this disease. Therefore, the development of potent and high‐affinity small‐molecule BChE inhibitors may be a new strategy for the discovery of anti‐AD drugs. However, the current Ellman's method is unable to evaluate the affinity of compounds with BChE, and has a few deficiencies in drug development. Herein, the first small‐molecule fluorescence polarization (FP) probes for BChE were rationally designed based on a high affinity inhibitor. Studies indicated that probe F6 exhibited satisfactory fluorescence intensity and suitable fluorescent properties that were compatible with the filters in the FP system. Meanwhile, probe F6 exhibited potent binding affinity to BChE. It is feasible to be applied in detecting the affinity of non‐fluorescent compounds to BChE, which lays a solid foundation for the development of small‐molecule BChE inhibitors. At the same time, it also can be applied as a valuable chemical tool for better understanding the molecular biological mechanism of BChE.
Cephalotane‐Type Norditerpenoids from Cephalotaxus fortunei var. alpina
Authors: Ge Zhan‐Peng , Zhou Bin , Zimbres Flavia M. , Cassera Maria B. , Zhao Jin‐Xin , Yue Jian‐Min 
Published: February 2022

Comprehensive SummaryA chemical investigation of the 95% EtOH extract of the seeds of Cephalotaxus fortunei var. alpina led to the isolation of nine new cephalotane‐type norditerpenoids, ceforalides A—I (1—9), and two known analogues (10 and 11). Compounds 1—8 belong to a rare class of A‐ring‐contracted cephalotane‐type norditerpenoids, of which compound 8 incorporates a unique tetrasubstituted 2,5‐cyclohexadienone A‐ring. Compound 9 is a rare 13,14‐seco‐17‐nor‐cephalotane‐type diterpenoid. Their structures were determined based on NMR, HRESIMS, ECD, and X‐ray diffraction analysis. Biological tests revealed compounds 10 and 11 displayed moderate antimalarial activity.
Aerobic Photocatalysis: Oxidation of Sulfides to Sulfoxides
Authors: Skolia Elpida , Gkizis Petros L. , Kokotos Chistoforos G. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSulfoxides constitute one of the most important functional groups in organic chemistry found in numerous pharmaceuticals and natural products. Sulfoxides are usually obtained from the oxidation of the corresponding sulfides. Among various oxidants, oxygen or air are considered the greenest and most sustainable reagent. Photochemistry and photocatalysis is increasingly applied in new, as well as traditional, yet demanding, reaction, like the aerobic oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides, since photocatalysis has provided the means to access them in mild and effective ways. In this review, we will summarize the photochemical protocols that have been developed for the oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides, employing air or oxygen as the oxidant. The aim of this review is to present: i) a historical overview, ii) the key mechanistic studies and proposed mechanisms and iii) categorize the different catalytic systems in literature.
Sustainable and Efficient Low‐Energy Light Emitters: A Series of One‐Dimensional d10 Coinage Metal–Organic Chalcogenolates, [M(o‐SPhCO2H)]n
Authors: Veselska Oleksandra , Guillou Nathalie , Diaz‐Lopez Maria , Bordet Pierre , Ledoux Gilles , Lebègue Sébastien , Mesbah Adel , Fateeva Alexandra , Demessence Aude 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA series of d10 coinage metal thiosalicylate coordination polymers (CPs) is reported. The 1D structures of the three CPs are formed by M3S3 fused hexagons for Cu and Ag compounds and interpenetrated helical chains for Au CP. Depending on the metal, solid‐state red and NIR emissive CPs are obtained with quantum yields up to 50 %, providing a great opportunity to replace the actual emissive critical raw materials.
An any‐unit‐to‐any‐unit method for hybrid‐structured voltage equalizer in series‐connected battery/super‐capacitor strings
Authors: Du Guangjian , Zhang Guidong , Yu Samson S. , Iu Herbert H. C. , Lin Weiqun , Le Weiping , Zhang Yun 
Published: February 2022

SummaryThe slow balancing speed of switched‐capacitor (SC)‐based equalizers makes this structure difficult to apply in series‐connected battery strings. In order to reduce the number of energy conversion processes and achieve leapfrog transmission of energy, a hybrid‐structured voltage equalizer (HSVE) is developed in this work for battery strings to achieve high‐speed any‐unit‐to‐any‐unit (AU2AU) equalization, in which each unit can also achieve internal balance in any arbitrary imbalance status. Compared to the conventional equalizers using complex monitoring and control strategy, the proposed equalizer does not need any cell monitoring circuits—all MOSFETs are triggered by a pair of complementary pulse signals with a fixed switching frequency and constant duty ratio, and electricity can automatically and directly exchange among all battery cells. Hardware experiments on super‐capacitors and Li‐ion batteries are conducted in this study, which prove the feasibility of the proposed voltage equalizer. The proposed battery management strategy will have wide applications in modern battery‐related industries such as electric vehicles (EVs).