bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survivability Rates Based on Molecular Subtype, Stage and Metastasis of 36 months cohort in Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Wijayanto Adi , Pieter John S. L. A. , Prihantono P. , Syamsu Salman Ardy , Thaufix Nilam Smaradhania , Abdi Amirullah 
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Breast cancer treatment is carried out at the early stage of the disease, and a comprehensive assessment of the subtype, stage, and incidence of metastases is required. This study aims to determine breast cancer patients' overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) based on subtype, stage, and incidence of metastases. Methods: An observational analytic study with a retrospective cohort design was performed on eligible breast cancer patients at Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital from 2016 to 2019. Univariate analysis, and the Kaplan-Meier survival log-rank method (Mantel-Cox), were used to determine differences in survivability rates (OS and DFS) based on subtype, stage, and incidence of metastases. Results: A total of 172 breast cancer patients from 32 years to 84 years with a mean age of 53.5 years. The most subtypes were Luminal A (34.9%) patients, and the least was Luminal B (15.7%) patients. A total of 85 (49.4%) patients survived during these three years, while 87 (50.6%) died. Based on the results of statistical tests in this study, there were no significant differences between the subtypes with DFS and OS, but on the contrary, there was a significant difference between the stage and incidence of metastases with OS and DFS (p<0.05). Conclusions: There were no statistically significant differences between the subtypes with OS and DFS. This study showed a significant difference between the stage and incidence of metastases with OS and DFS
Study protocol for a pragmatic cluster RCT on the effect and cost-effectiveness of Everyday Life Rehabilitation versus treatment as usual for persons with severe psychiatric disability living in sheltered or supported housing facilities
Authors: Lindström Maria , Lindholm Lars , Liv Per 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
People with severe psychiatric disabilities and impaired autonomy generally lead sedentary, solitary lives indoors and have significantly poorer health than others in the population. Meaningful everyday activities are important for the recovery towards an enrichening, agentic, social, and hopeful everyday life. The Everyday Life Rehabilitation (ELR) model – a person-centred activity- and recovery-oriented intervention – has shown positive outcomes in feasibility studies, and thus a randomised controlled trial (RCT) is required to establish the effectiveness of ELR, along with calculations of cost-effectiveness.
Methods
The ELR-RCT is a pragmatic, two-parallel-armed cluster RCT evaluating the effect and cost-effectiveness of using ELR from two measurement points over 6 months (pre-post intervention) and in two waves over 2 years. The primary outcome is recovering quality of life (ReQoL) at 6 months, and the secondary outcome is self-perceived recovery and daily functioning (RAS-DS) at 6 months. Additionally, Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS) will be used for the intervention group. Power analysis has been conducted for primary outcome measure. The first wave will include an internal pilot, to be evaluated after 6 months, used as basis for decisions on updating the required sample size and any other need for adaptations before continuing with the full-scale RCT in the second wave. All municipalities within a geographic distance of 270 kilometres from Umeå University, with a minimum of one sheltered or supported housing facility for people with severe psychiatric or neuropsychiatric disability, including access to occupational therapy, will be enrolled. Participants will be block-randomised to receive ELR plus treatment as usual (TAU) or TAU alone for a control period. The control group will thereafter receive delayed ELR. Occupational therapists and housing staff will receive an educational package, manuals, and tools, as well as reflections with colleagues during the intervention period. Housing managers will receive questions for monthly follow-up and coaching with staff.
Discussion
The pragmatic approach responds partly to the complex intervention, complex context, complex problems of participants, and complex research environment that is currently under study, and partly to an ambition that the research should contribute to usefulness in similar contexts.
Trial registration:
NCT05056415 [ClinicalTrials.gov, 24 September 2021]
Mercury in soil, sediment, and lake water in upland headwater catchments in Ireland
Authors: Nelson Sarah A.M. , Hintelmann Holger , Aherne Julian 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Mercury concentrations in the atmosphere, surface waters, and soils have increased beyond natural levels as a result of human activities, which poses a risk to human and environmental health. Ireland is situated on the western periphery of Europe, and it is generally assumed that environmental mercury is low but there is limited information on mercury within natural environments. In this study the interlinkages in the concentration of mercury in soils, lake sediment, and lake water were investigated in remote upland acid-sensitive catchments influenced by low deposition of atmospheric mercury. Thirty-one upland lake catchments were sampled for topsoil, lake sediment, and lake water during 2017–2018. Total mercury (THg) concentrations in water (median 5.4 ng/L) and sediment (median 30 ng/g) were low, owing to the remote location of the lakes. In contrast, THg in catchment soil was relatively high for a background region (median: 240 ng/g), which was attributed to the high organic matter content of the soil (median 87%). The results suggest catchment soils are the dominant driver of variation in THg in lake water and sediment in upland regions in Ireland. Further, given that highly organic soils can obscure interlinkages within catchments, this study demonstrated the value of exploring mercury independent of the influence of organic matter, i.e., THg normalized by organic carbon. As global action (such as the Minamata Convention) decreases mercury emissions, legacy soil mercury may become a more important input to aquatic systems than atmospheric deposition, which makes the relationships between terrestrial catchments and their water bodies vital for our understanding of mercury cycling.
Psychometric properties of the mental health continuum-short form (MHC-SF) in Iranian adolescents
Authors: Afrashteh Majid Yousefi , janjani parisa 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Psychological tests are necessary to assess and assess the mental state of individuals. Mental health is one of the important psychological indicators and is increasingly considered as having various aspects of well-being. The Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF) is a 14-item instrument that assesses mental health, focusing on emotional, psychological, and social well-being. The present study examined the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the MHC-SF among adolescents, focusing on its factor structure, internal consistency, construct validity, and gender measurement invariance.Methods: The population of this study was Iranian adolescents between 11 and 18 years old who were enrolled in the seventh to twelfth grades. A convenience sample of 822 Adolescents from four large cities in the Iran (Tehran, Zanjan, Hamedan and Ghazvin) participated in the present study. Questionnaires were completed online. Statistical analyses to evaluate the factor structure, internal consistency, construct validity, gender and age factorial invariance were performed in SPSS and LISREL.Results: The results of confirmatory factor analysis supported the 3-factor structure of MHC-SF (emotional, psychological, and social well-being). Reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha method and composite reliability (>.7). Measurement invariance were confirmed among girls and boys. Convergent and divergent validity were also evaluated and confirmed by correlating the test score with similar and different tests.Conclusion: This study examined and confirmed the psychometric properties of MHC-SF in the Iranian adolescent community. This instrument can be used in psychological research and diagnostic evaluations.
Millimeter-wave to near-terahertz sensors based on
reversible insulator-to-metal transition in vanadium
dioxide
Authors: Qaderi Fatemeh , Rosca Teodor , Burla Maurizio , Leuthold Jeurg , Flandre Denis , Ionescu Adrian 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We present uncooled millimeter-wave (mm-wave) and sub-terahertz (THz) detection based on the sensitivity of field-induced insulator-to-metal transition (IMT) threshold voltage in Vanadium dioxide (VO2). We exploit the characteristics of reversible IMT in VO2 thin film devices, and demonstrate actuation of biased VO2 two-terminal switches encapsulated in a pair of coupled antennas on a Si/SiO2 substrate. We also study the behavior of VO2 switches interrupting coplanar waveguide (CPW)s for broadband measurement purposes. Finally, we propose an electromagnetic-wave-sensitive voltage-controlled spike generator based on a VO2 switch in an astable circuit. The fabricated sensors show record figures of merit, e.g. responsivities of 66.3 kHz/mW with a low noise equivalent power (NEP) of 20 nW at room temperature, for a footprint of 2.5 × 10-5 mm2. Our solution gives 3 times better responsivity with only 1/10 footprint of the state of the art which can be scaled down to few hundreds of nanometers. The responsivity in static measurements is 76 kV/W in the same circumstances. Our results highlight the capability of VO2 phase transition for building electromagnetic power sensors triggerable by low energy photons. Our experiments prove the concept within mm-wave ranges (40-220 GHz), while frequency scaling near-THz is feasible in similar design.
Iron Abundance in the Solar Photosphere: The Role of Ions, Non-LTE, Model Atmospheres, Oscillator Strengths, and Free Parameters
Authors: Foxon Floe 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The photospheric iron abundance is important to understanding solar system formation and evolution, but methodological designs in the literature have produced significantly different abundance estimates. 322 original photospheric iron abundances were extracted from 72 primary publications identified through SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System and Google Scholar. Methodological characteristics corresponding to each abundance estimate were categorised, including the ion studied, local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) assumption, the atmospheric model and its dimensions, the source of oscillator strengths, and microturbulence velocity. A linear mixed-effects regression model was implemented to quantify the role these variables play in abundance estimates. The mean photospheric iron abundance across all sources was 7.44 ± 0.02 dex on the astronomical log scale. On the average, abundance estimates from Fe II lines were 0.106 dex higher than those from Fe I lines (main effect), after controlling for other factors. Compared to LTE estimates, NLTE estimates were higher by 0.096 dex (main effect). The role of LTE was different for neutral and ionised iron analyses. LTE abundance predictions were lower than NLTE predictions for Fe I, but higher than NLTE predictions for Fe II. Other differences are described for various model atmospheres and oscillator strengths. A subgroup analysis of 264 1D and 〈3D〉model abundances suggests every 0.1 km s-1 increase in the microturbulence velocity parameter results in a 0.04 dex decrease in estimated abundance.
Carbohydrate Microcapsules Tailored and Grafted for Covalent Immobilization of Glucose Isomerase for Pharmaceutical and Food Industries
Authors: Hassan Mohamed E. , Awad Ghada E.A. , Eldin Mohamed S. Mohy , Haroun Bakry M. , El-Diwany Ahmed I. , Elnashar Magdy 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Carrageenan is one of the most common carbohydrates utilised in the entrapment industry to immobilise cells and enzymes. However, it lacks functionality. Carrageenan has been grafted to produce fructose by covalently immobilising glucose isomerase (GI). Fructose is one of the most widely used sweeteners in beverages, food production, and the pharmaceutical business. Up to 91.1 U g-1 gel beads are immobilised by the grafted beads. Immobilized GI has a Vmax of 13.8 times that of the free enzyme. The immovability and tolerance of the gel beads immobilised with GI over 15 consecutive cycles were demonstrated in a reusability test, with 88 percent of the enzyme's original activity retained, compared to 60 percent by other authors. These findings are encouraging for high-fructose corn syrup producers.
Performance Improvement of CDMA Wireless Sensor Networks in Low SNR Channels Based on Raptor Codes
Authors: Mahmoud Ikhlas , ZAGHAR DHAFER , ABDULLAH HADEEL 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Some kinds of communication systems work in very low signal to noise power ratio (SNR) environments. For these systems to function reliably, certain techniques and methodologies have to be used to mitigate the degrading effects of the channel.The channel coding method is the key element in most low SNR communication systems with emphasis on the Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) as a recommended transmission technique in these channels. To enhance the system capacity of the CDMA scheme and reach to unprecedented ranges of low SNR values in systems like the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), this paper suggests a technique for combining CDMA with certain types of channel coding algorithms such as the Raptor codes. The Raptor channel encoding technique has shown an improved performance for the CDMA system when using BPSK digital modulation in AWGNchannels. It has achieved a low bit error rate in the range of 10-6 at Eb/No value of -2 dB and 10-7 at Eb/No value of -3 dB for code rates 1/2 and 1/3 resprctively. The Raptor-coded CDMA scheme showing an improvement of about 6 dB when compared with some other channel coding methods used with the CDMA system for the same BER.
A Compact Size Capacitive Load Dual Band Planar Inverted-F Implant Antenna for Biomedical Services
Authors: Salama Sanaa , Zyoud Duaa , Abuelhaija Ashraf 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this work a compact size capacitive load dual band planar inverted-F implant antenna is presented. The suggested antenna is modeled on RO3010 substrate that has a thickness of 2 mm, dielectric constant of 10.2, and tangent loss of 0.0023 to operate at both the Medical Implant Communications Services (MICS) and Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) bands. A capacitive load is inserted between the patch and the ground plane to get a dual band and compact size implant antenna. The antenna size is 20× 12×2 mm3. The antenna designed in this work operates at 402MHz with a return loss of -23.23dB over a frequency band [397.15-409.4MHz] for MICS band and operates at 2.42GHz with a return loss of -20dB over a frequency band [2.37-3GHz] for ISM band. The simulated gain is -27.52dBi at 402MHz for MICS band and − 1.85dBi at 2.42GHz for ISM band. The proposed antenna has a good performance inside three-layered tissue model. The Computer Simulation Technologies (CST) Microwave studio is used to model and simulate the proposed antenna.
Carrier Time Division Multiplexing
Authors: El-Sayied Mostafa A. , Elhalafawy Said , El-Hag Noha A. , Sharshar Abdelmajeed , abdelsamie fathi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Carrier Time Division Multiplexing is a new method that makes a specific bandwidth for a digital modulated signal to virtually appear as a single frequency, this can be approached by time divide the modulated carriers so that each modulated carrier can be independently extracted and demodulated, the application of this concept in a communication system can increase the transmission medium utilization.
A conserved transcriptional signature supports metastatic colonisation of the liver by pancreatic cancer cells
Authors: Drew James , Machesky Laura M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Whether pancreatic cancer cells successfully metastasise to the liver depends on complex interactions between cancer cells and the liver microenvironment, the details of which remain largely unknown. In this study, we provide evidence for a transcriptional signature, involving active MYC and repressed interferon response, that supports pancreatic cancer cells in colonising the liver. The “MYC-high/Interferon-low” signature was uncovered by comparing transcriptional profiles of human pancreatic cancer cell lines with their liver metastatic potential in mice. We confirmed the physiological relevance of this signature in two independent patient sample datasets. First, in a 187-sample study of bulk RNA sequencing of primary tumor and metastatic tissue from PDAC patients, we found an enrichment in the MYC-high/Interferon-low signature in liver metastases over primary tumor, that was not present in other metastatic sites. Second, we used a single cell-RNA sequencing dataset combined with validation experiments to show that PDAC cells are the origin of this signature in vivo and that MYC and interferon activity are negatively correlated at the cellular level. This analysis reveals a potential route to therapeutic targeting of the precursor cell populations of deadly liver metastases in pancreatic cancer.
WITHDRAWN: Rural-urban Labor Migration, Remittances and its Effect on Agricultural Production in Migrant Sending Households: Evidence from Rural areas of East Gojjam Zone, Ethiopia.
Authors: Bassie Haymanot , Alemu Bizuayehu , Bitew Birhanu , Sirany Teshome 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this study the effect of the rural-urban labor migration and remittances on agricultural production in rural areas of East Gojjam Zone, Amhara, Ethiopia is examined. A total of 480 households are used as the sample size for the study by using multi-stage sampling technique. The descriptive statistics shows that migrant sending households suffer labor shortage in peak seasons but they are benefited from rural-urban migrants since the income they receive from migrants enables them to pay back their loan and purchase agricultural inputs. The econometrics analysis shows that rural-urban migration has insignificant effect on agricultural production. But remittances have positive and significant effect on agricultural production. Apart from this, cultivated land, livestock ownership, and extension services have positive and significant effect on agricultural production. On the other hand, the use of agricultural pesticide has negative and significant effect on agricultural production. Finally, Training should be given for rural people on the best use of remittances and inculcating the culture of saving and investment for sustained rural economic development. In addition, agricultural extension service delivery should be boosted through timely recruitment, periodic training of agents and provision of adequate logistics.
Continuous film mulching enhances maize root growth and grain yield by improving soil aggregates characteristic in semiarid areas of China: An eight-year field experiment
Authors: jialin yang , Yanduo Zhou , Xu Ye , shikun sun , enke liu , xiaolong ren , zhikuan Jia , ting Wei , Zhang Peng 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
AimsFilm mulching has been widely used in agricultural production in semiarid areas. While studies regarding the long-term effects of different film mulching methods on soil aggregates and stability are still lacking. MethodsIn the Loess Plateau of China, a 8-year continuous field experiment was conducted on soil aggregate and stability, and crop yield with five different film mulching treatments: (i) a control method, flat planting without mulching (CK); (ii) alternate mulching and bare rows without ridges (P); (iii) planting furrows separated by consecutive plastic film-mulched ridges (S); (iv) double ridge-furrow with full plastic film mulching (D); and (v) traditional ridge-furrow rainwater harvesting planting (R). The indexes were used to expressed soil aggregate stability by mean-weight diameter (MWD), geometric mean diameter (GMD), fractal dimension (FD), percentage of aggregate destruction (PAD) and unstable aggregates index (ELT).ResultsAfter 8 years continuous film mulching, soil quality was significantly improved. Compared with CK, mulching could decrease soil bulk density (2.96%-4.54%), and increase soil porosity (2.45%-4.00%), soil macroaggregate content (7.39%-22.92% by dry-sieving, 8.49%-21.67% by wet-sieving), soil aggregate stability and crop yield (29.98%-63.96%), especially under S and D treatments. D and S significantly improved soil structure (soil aggregate content and stability) with the increase of crop root biomass (43.59%, and 47.25%, respectively), compared with other mulching treatments. The root system characteristic parameters under S and D treatment were significantly higher than R and P, especially during 60–120 days after planting.ConclusionsOn the whole, the S treatment has a greater effect on crop yield increase and soil quality improve, and thus it was suggested as an effective mulching pattern on stimulate and stable crop yields in the Loess Plateau of China.
Impacts of climate change on streamflow based on ensemble GCM outputs and RCP scenarios: A case study in Kelantan river basin, Malaysia
Authors: Husain Mohd Khardzir , Sidek Lariyah Mohd , Hayder Gasim , Ahmed Ali Najah , Mohd Mohd Syazwan Faisal , Chow Ming Fai 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Trend analysis of historical and future climatic precipitation was investigated in the Kelantan River Basin over the past (1985–2016) and future periods (2020-2050) under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios. The Mann-Whitney test was adopted to compare the variations of the historical and projected precipitation data. The Mann-Kendall test and Sen slope were employed to determine the extent of the changes. The historical data showed a significant increase in January (3.5 mm/month) and during Northeast Monsoon (DJF), followed by a significant decreasing trend in September (-3.7 mm/month). The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to simulate streamflow and calibrated with the observation data. Our findings based on an ensemble of ten Global Climate Models (GCMs) suggest that future discharge tends to be lesser (45.1%) in May during mid-2020-2039 and higher (41.1%) in August during 2040-2059 against the baseline period (1985-2000). The projected future scenarios with the reduction in streamflow will probably exacerbate the water stress issue in the region.
Distribution and variation of organophosphate esters in the tree rings of arbor
Authors: Song Jiaojiao , Xiong Xiaoyu , Yin Hongling , Xiong Yuanming , Fang Shuhong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are a kind of emerging pollutants. Tree trunks are long-lasting reservoirs of OPEs in the environment. Using tree rings to study the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of emerging pollutants - OPEs has a good indication of the use of OPEs in the region, and provides scientific support for the prevention and control of emerging pollutants such as OPEs. At present, the research on OPEs in tree rings is almost blank. In this study, gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to quantitatively analyze 6 kinds of OPEs in tree rings of 5 tree species from Sichuan Province, China. Its distribution characteristics and inter-annual variation were discussed and the pollution process of OPEs in this area was inferred. The results showed that Σ6OPEs concentration in tree rings ranged from 189.79 (Fir) to 341.23 ng/g (Toona sinensis), with an average of 284.77 ± 46.66 ng/g. There was no significant difference in the distribution of OPEs among the 5 kinds of trees and the dominant monomer was TBEP resulting that arbor could be seen as a good passive sampler to show the historical changes of OPEs in the regional environment. Interestingly, the absorption and accumulation of arbors to OPEs was quite different from that to inorganic elements reported by other studies. Concentrations of TEHP and TnBP in each ring sample of the 5 arbor species were stable, while concentrations of the other 4 monomers fluctuated significantly.