bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential Impact of Global Warming on Electricity Demand in Niger
Authors: BONKANEY Abdou Latif , Abiodun Babatunde J. , Sanda Ibrah Seidou 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The present study examines the potential impact of climate change on daily electricity demand (DED) and climate variables in Niger at specific Global Warming Levels (GWL1.5, GWL2.0, GWL2.5, and GWL3.0). The principal component analysis (PCA) and the Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) model was utilized to build the electricity demand model. Furthermore, fourteen (14) regional climate models from the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) were used for the study. The ability of the model ensemble-mean in reproducing the annual cycle of the climate variables was evaluated. The impact of climate change at specific GWLs on electricity demand and each climate variable is quantified. The MLR predicted the demand with a coefficient of determination R 2 equals to 0.808 and a root mean square error (RMSE) equals to 149.87. The residuals analysis indicated that the model complies with the regressions assumptions. The models projected an increase of electricity demand at all the GWLs. More than 75% of the models agree on the noticeable change in electricity demand. The results of the study showed how climate services could be used to quantify the impacts of climate change on electricity demand. This has application on providing useful information for policymakers regarding the potential impacts of climate change in the energy sector
Eruption of Nyiragongo Volcano on May 22, 2021 Release of So2 and Co2 Into the Atmosphere
Authors: Habari Faustin S. , Rusimbuka Marcel B. , Munguiko Olivier M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Nyiragongo Volcano is located in the western part of the African Rift. Deep fractures allow gas upwelling during passive and active periods. This study presents the variability of sulfur dioxide (SO2) concentration measured at the Rusayo site and carbon dioxide (CO2) measured at five separate sites (Bugarura and Munigi) and the seismic activity, most of these measurements were made before and after the eruption. The peak concentrations of SO2 and CO2 correlate well with the tremor measured continuously on the volcano. The Nyiragongo volcano erupted on the evening of Saturday, May 22, 2021 at 6:15 pm local time in Goma. Lava flowed in two directions from the flanks of the Nyiragongo volcano, killing 32 people, destroying 17 villages in the Nyiragongo territory, and cracking the ground in the city of Goma and Gisenyi. The Nyiragongo volcano is infamous for its extremely fluid lava that flows like water when the lava lake flows. Nyiragongo is a major contributor of SO2 and CO2 to the atmosphere. Note that this eruption of 2021 is similar to the one of 2002, which caused the death of a hundred people and the evacuation of many people, the most deadly date of 1977, had killed more than 600 people. The earthquakes were felt, after the eruption May 22, 2021 the strongest had a magnitude of 5.2.
Healthcare Costs of Mental Health Conditions among Commercially Insured Cancer Survivors in the United States, 2012-2017
Authors: Khushalani Jaya Shankar , Lunsford Natasha Buchanan , Ekwueme Donatus U. , Rodriguez Juan , Hesgrove Brandon , Smith Judith Lee , Ragan Kathleen 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Only one-third of cancer survivors with a mental health condition receive mental health services for these conditions. Non-receipt of care may be associated, in part, with financial burden. This study compares the costs of all health care services received by cancer survivors with and without mental health conditions and examines the insurer and out-of-pocket (OOP) costs for mental health services among cancer survivors. We also examine variation in these costs by clinical, demographic, and socioeconomic factors.
Methods
We used the MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters Database 2012–2017 to compute adjusted annual costs reported in 2019 US$. Adjusted costs were estimated using the two-part model with age, sex, and number of comorbid conditions as independent variables.
Results
Cancer survivors with mental health conditions incur an additional $8,376 in total costs and $287 in OOP costs for all health care services compared to those without. Cancer survivors had higher total costs for mental health services, especially prescription drugs, compared to those without cancer or other chronic conditions. Costs vary by type of mental health condition, cancer type, demographics, and socioeconomic characteristics of the area where the patient resides.
Conclusions
Cancer survivors with mental health conditions incur higher healthcare costs than those without mental health conditions. These costs vary by demographic and socioeconomic factors. Targeting community and population specific interventions for cancer survivors with mental health conditions who are incurring the highest healthcare costs may help improve utilization of mental health services.
Projected climate change impact on immature albacore tuna habitats in the Indian Ocean by using sea surface temperature and chlorophyll data: Ensemble forecasting
Authors: Mondal Sandipan , Hsu Jhen , Lee Ming-An , Nguyen Manh-Linh , Wang Yi-Chen , Sambah Abu Bakar , Mondal Biraj Kanti 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This study employed an arithmetic mean model with sea surface temperature and chlorophyll data (2-month lag) to determine the projected impact of climate change on the immature albacore tuna habitat in the Indian Ocean. Albacore tuna fishing data from Taiwanese longline fishery from 2000 to 2016 were used. Standardization of the nominal catch per unit effort data was performed to prevent bias and overestimation resulting from various temporal and spatial factors. In the Indian Ocean, potential immature albacore habitats exhibited significant habitat suitability index (HSI) changes in response to future climate change levels. As the water stratifies in a projected warm climate, low HSI areas were enlarged, and potential immature albacore habitats exhibited a net southward shift. Although the CMIP5 climate model sea surface temperature projections generated different HSI patterns for immature albacore, our results from the ensemble median immature albacore habitat forecasts provided information useful for assessing risks and adaptation strategy options for albacore fishery resources under climate change. The trends of the potential immature albacore habitat distribution could also be cautiously used to inform resource stakeholders’ decisions.
In situ 3D printing of liquid metal-hydrogel hybrid for multifunctional soft bioelectronics and devices
Authors: Jiao Caicai , Li Liangtao , Wang Qian , Hong Weili , Chen Xing , Chang Lingqian , Wang Xinpeng , Wang Yang , Sun Kang , Hu Liang , Fan Yubo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Hydrogel bioelectronics have gain intensive attention due to its excellent biocompatibility, mechanically compliance and multifunctional modifiability. However, current difficulties, such as interconnection issues with metallic interface, deficient fabrication strategies still pose great challenges for developing function-integrated hydrogel bioelectronics. Here, a facile in-situ 3D printing method is developed to fabricate liquid metal (LM)-hydrogel hybrid structures, in which single or multilayer LM patterns are 3D-printed and encapsulated in ionic hydrogel after one-step cross-link. Combining the advantages of both LM and ionic hydrogel, this universal strategy allows the quick fabrication of soft bioelectronics or devices with diverse functions including LM-hydrogel hybrid circuits with mobilizable electrical connection, multi-mode pressure sensors, soft and biocompatible electrical stimulator for excitable cells and tissues and iontophoresis-assisted antibacterial dressing. Such LM-hydrogel hybrid fabricated via the convenient and quick in-situ 3D printing method set up a universal but multifunctional platform for the wide range development of hydrogel bioelectronics and devices.
Analysis and Interpretation of Natural Variations in Water Table and Groundwater Recharge of Coastal Aquifer System in the Coastal Plain of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Authors: Rorig Fernando Schuh , Reginato Pedro Antônio Roehe 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This paper presents the results of recharge estimation and water table variation analyses of the Coastal Aquifer System, located in the Rio Grande do Sul Coastal Plain (Brazil). Water level data from 11 wells was processed and analyzed from May 2014 to Apr 2020, applying autocorrelation and cross-correlation methods to evaluate the aquifer memory effect and mean response time to rainfall events, respectively. The seasonality of the response time was observed through splitting the data series in windows of 90 days, overlapped by 45 days. Recharge rates were obtained with the Water Table Fluctuation (WTF) daily applications (RISE and MRC), considering specific yields of 20%, 25% and 30%. Water level data smoothing with moving averages and time series filters were necessary, to remove level rises not associated with precipitation events within the aquifer average response time, The autocorrelation and cross-correlation displayed fast, intermediate, and slow responses for the wells, with median response times for the time windows from 0 and 1 days (wells in aquifer layers of fine to medium sands) to 10 days (wells in aquifer layers of higher clay content). The recharge rates of 0,74 to 2,42 mm/day and Recharge/Precipitation ratios from 19–46% were obtained (Sy = 25%, mean between RISE and MRC results). The study presents the importance of level data processing and filtering to daily WTF applications and displays the differences in the behavior of the wells in the Coastal Aquifer System.
Room temperature synthesis of water-soluble spherical particles of a uniform diameter composed of carbon nanobelts and C60 molecules
Authors: Choi Sieun , Kurosu Shunji , Mashiko Yuta , Minakawa Takanobu , Maekawa Toru 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A carbon nanobelt (CNB) is a loop of fused benzene rings and in a sense a cutout of a single-walled carbon nanotube. Various types of CNBs have been successfully synthesized in recent years and CNBs have been utilized for the development of practical devices. A C60 molecule is a football shaped fullerene composed of 60 carbon atoms. Patterns and structures formed by atoms, molecules and particles via bottom-up self-assembly are of great interest and importance not only from a scientific point of view but for the design and production of functional materials and devices, the size of which ranges from nano to macroscopic scales. Colloidal particles are commonly used/utilized in mechanical, chemical and biophysical/biochemical/biomedical engineering, where size uniformity and mono dispersibility of the particles in the solvent, particularly in water, become crucial factors. In this study, we investigate secondary structures formed by (6,6)CNBs and C60 molecules, which are dissolved in 1,2-dichlorobenzene. We find that uniform spherical particles are formed by (6,6)CNBs and C60 molecules in 1,2-dichlorobenzene at room temperature via bottom-up self-assembly, setting the molar concentrations of (6,6)CNBs and C60 molecules at appropriate values, and furthermore those particles are monodisperse even in water. The present facile room temperature synthetic methodology may well be applied to the creation of nano/micro structures/materials using basic carbon nano units such as cycloparaphenylene (CPP, carbon nanorings) and fullerenes; e.g., C60, C70 and C59N.
An Experimental Study on Uplift Capacity of Axisymmetric Plate Anchors in Well Graded Sand at Different Relative Density and Embedment Ratio
Authors: Soni Vivek. A. , Parmar Samirsinh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Earth anchors of different types are used in various geotechnical applications to provide uplift resistance and structural stability against axial and lateral forces. Earth anchors are primarily designed to resist pull-out force. The pull-out resistance depends upon various factors such as anchor type, the shape of an anchor, direction of application of pull-out force, density of soil, etc. Various theoretical development occurred in the past few decades where the above factors are considered in a different quantitative manner. The present study aims to compare the theoretical development of different theories for horizontal plate anchors and the influence of the factors contributing to uplift resistance by both analytical and theoretical methods. The comparative summary is provided for respective analytical methods and factors considered to calculate uplift resistance. Scaled model test performed on circular axisymmetric horizontal plate anchor in cohesionless soil. Uplift load versus embedment ratio was analyzed for different theoretical methods. The analytical results were compared to both experimental and Plaxis 2D software results. The Plaxis 2D gives the most conservative results and Down and Cheiurzzi propose the highest uplift load for the same embedment ratio. Finally, the relationship between the angle of internal friction (ϕ) to uplift cone angle (θ) is proposed for the type of soil used in this study for two different plate sizes. Results of the Experimental Laboratory Test show that Uplift Load (Qu) increases with increased Embedment Depth and Relative Density. Analytical theories like Meyerhof& Adams, Downs & Chieurzzi, Saeedy’s & Balla’s gave nearer higher values whereas Veesaert & Clemence’s gave nearer low Uplift Load (Qu)compared with Experimental ones. For F.E.M-based software Plaxis (2D) gave lower Uplift Load (Qu) than Experimental ones.
Glycolysis optimization of different complex PET waste with recovery and reuse of ethylene glycol
Authors: Aguado Alicia , Becerra Lucía , Martínez Lidia 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is a thermoplastic polyester, non-degradable in the environment that due to the huge amount of waste generated and accumulated in the environment, chemical recycling through glycolysis is considered the most successful method for polymer recycling. In this work, glycolysis of virgin PET and different PET waste (highly colored PET, multilayer PET and municipal sorting waste PET) is carried out using excess ethylene glycol in the presence of zinc acetate as catalyst. Glycolysis temperature, glycolysis time, amount of catalyst and amount of solvent are important factors affecting the glycolysis of PET waste. A Taguchi orthogonal array L9, 34, is applied to study the main interactions between these factors to optimise the yield. The process results in a good yield (79–88%) to the monomer, bis (2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET), with optimum conditions. One of the inconvenient of the glycolysis process is the excessive use of EG so the recovery and reuse of the remaining EG from the process is studied in order to optimise the glycolysis of PET waste making it economical and environmentally friendly. BHET is characterized by FTIR and DSC techniques confirming that is a valid and pure monomer.
Classify elderly pain severity from automated video clip Facial Action Units analysis. A study from a Thai data repository
Authors: Gomutbutra Patama , Kittisares Adisak , Sanguansri Atigorn , Choosri Noppon , Sawaddirak Passakorn , Fakfum Puriwat , Lettrakarnon Peerasak , Soralamb Sompob 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
It is increasingly interesting to monitor pain severity in the elder by applying machine learning models. In previous studies, OpenFace© - a well-known automated facial analysis algorithm, was used to detect facial action units (FAUs) that initially need long hours of human coding. However, OpenFace© was developed using the dataset of young Caucasians in illicit pain in the lab. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the accuracy and feasibility of the model using data from OpenFace© to classify pain severity in the Asian elderly in clinical settings.
Methods
The data from 255 Thai with chronic pain was collected in Chiang Mai Medical school hospital. The phone camera recorded faces for 10 seconds at a 1-meter distance briefly after the patients provided a self-rating pain severity. For those unable to self-rate, the video was recorded just after the move, which illicit pain. The trained assistant rated each video clip for the Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia (PAINAD). The classify of pain severity was mild, moderate, or severe. OpenFace© process video clip into 18 FAUs. Five classification models were used, including logistic regression, multilayer perception, Naïve Bayes, decision tree, k-nearest neighbors (KNN), and support vector machine (SVM).
Results
Among the model that includes only FAU described in liturature (FAU 4,6,7,9,10,25,26,27 and 45), multilayer perception yields the most accuracy of 50%. Among the machine learning selection features, the SVM model for FAU 1, 2, 4, 7, 9, 10, 12, 20, 25, 45, and gender yielded the best accuracy of 58%.
Conclusion
Our experiment of open-source automatic video clip Facial Action Units analysis is not robust to classifying elder pain. Retraining facial action unit detection algorithms, enhancing frame selection strategy, and adding pain-related functions may improve the accuracy and feasibility of the model.
Multi-view grading method for measuring tomato shape features using machine vision
Authors: Chen Liping , He Tingting , Li Zhiwei , Zheng Wengang , An Shunwei , Zhong Lili Zhang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Owing to the requirements of a high yield and high-quality tomatoes, tomato grading is important—particularly for fruit morphology. Machine vision provides a fast and nondestructive manner to address this demand, and accuracy has become the focus of attention. In this study, the gamma correction method was used for preprocessing to enhance the surface reflection of tomatoes, and Otsu’s method was used to segment the A scalar diagram under the LAB color model. On this basis, two levels of exploration were conducted. First, new evaluation indices were proposed for different views. For the top view, two shape-evaluation indices were established: the area ratio of the maximum inscribed circle to the maximum circumscribed circle and the dispersion of the contour centroid distance (extreme value and coefficient of variation). For the side view, the difference between the maximum and minimum centroid distances in the contour was established as a shape index. Compared to with commonly used shape features, the shape-detection accuracy of the proposed indicators proposed was > 7% higher. Second, an evaluation method based on multi-view fusion was developed by combining the advantage indices for different views. The detection accuracy was 96%, which was 9.40–9.70% higher than those for the top and side views alone. The proposed evaluation method combining top views (dispersion of centroid distance) with side views (difference between maximum and minimum centroid distances) is effective for classifying tomatoes.
Novel quinazolinone-isoxazoline hybrids: synthesis, structural elucidation and theoretical DFT mechanistic study
Authors: Rhazi Yassine , CHALKHA Mohammed , Nakkabi Asmae , Hammoudan Imad , Akhazzane Mohamed , Bakhouch Mohamed , Chtita Samir , YAZIDI Mohamed EL 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Quinazolinone and isoxazoline systems have attracted more attention due to their interesting pharmacological properties. The association of these two pharmacophores in a single hybrid structure can boost the biological activity or bring a new one. Inspired by this new paradigm, we report in the present work, the synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of a new quinazolinone-isoxazoline hybrids. The target compounds were obtained via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of arylnitriloxides and N-allylquinazolinone. The synthesized compounds were characterized using spectroscopic techniques such as: IR, 1D NMR (1H and 13C), 2D NMR (COSY and HSQC), and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The spectral data show that this reaction leads only to the 3,5-disubstituted isoxazoline regioisomer and the observed regiochemistry is not affected by the nature of the substituents in the phenyl ring of the dipole. In addition, a theoretical study was performed using the density functional theory (DFT) to support the experimental results regarding the regiochemistry of the studied reactions. The computational mechanistic study is in perfect agreement with experimental data.
Optimization of biodiesel production process from household waste oil, rapeseed, and microalgae oils as a suitable alternative for jet-fuel
Authors: Habibzadeh Zahra , Babaeipour Valiollah , Pakdehi Shahram Ghanbari , Sazandechi Peyman 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this study, to investigate the possibility of replacing non-renewable jet engines with biodiesel produced from household waste oils, rapeseed, and Neochloris oleobundance microalgae, biodiesel was first produced by two-stage transesterification using methanol, alkaline and acidic catalysts of potassium hydroxide and sulfuric acid, and then were compared to jet fuel quantitatively and qualitatively. To optimize the biodiesel production, first, the effect of 4 parameters of oil-to-methanol molar ratio, catalyst weight percentage, temperature, and process time at three levels for household waste and rapeseed oils was investigated by Taguchi method. Then, under the obtained optimal conditions, the effect of catalyst weight percentage and process time as the most impressive parameters were examined at three levels on microalgae oil transesterification by response surface method. The biodiesel production efficiency under optimal conditions of all three samples of waste oils was 85.83%, rapeseed 72.7%, and microalgae 86.25%, which is one of the highest values reported. Analysis of all samples by GC-Mass and evaluation of the final results of the transesterification reaction efficiency was over 96%. Combustion analyzes of calorimeter bombs and qualitative specifications analyses such as flash point, cloud point, pour point, freezing point, viscosity, density, and specific gravity were performed on the produced biodiesels to investigate the effects of biodiesel on engine performance. Results Analysis showed that all three biodiesel samples have the same performance as Jp-4 jet fuel and can use it as jet fuel without any sediment. In addition, the biodiesel produced from microalgae oil had the best performance and efficiency.
Data-driven development of a soft-sensor for the flow rate monitoring in polyvinyl chloride tube extrusion affected by wall-slip
Authors: Bovo Enrico , Sorgato Marco , Lucchetta Giovanni 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In manufacturing polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tubes, the required thickness and weight depend on the extruder flow rate. The extruder setup can be very time-consuming and inefficient since it requires adjusting the screw rotational speed by trial & error, as the relation between the flow rate and the rotational speed is not known a priori. Furthermore, it is also affected by the material properties, the melt temperature, and the pressure drop in the die. Direct measuring the flow rate or the tube thickness would require expensive gravimetric dosers or X-ray systems, respectively. Therefore, a soft-sensor was developed to monitor tube thickness and its weight per unit length. Two alternative approaches are proposed to predict the extruder flow rate under wall slip conditions: one is based on a developed analytical model and one on data-driven algorithms. Results show that machine learning regression models can achieve high predictive performance (a relative error of 1.2% using a Support Vector Regressor).