bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Superficial spreading cervical squamous cell carcinoma in situ involving the endometrium: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Martín-Vallejo Javier , Laforga Juan B. , Molina-Bellido Patricia , Clemente-Pérez Pedro A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe spread of cervical squamous cell carcinoma to the inner surface of the uterus with replacement of the endometrium is rare. Continuity of the lesion must be demonstrated to confirm superficial spread and rule out concomitant endometrial cancer.Case presentationWe present the case of a 66-year-old white woman with superficial spreading squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix that involved the endometrium. Her relevant past history included conization of the cervix to treat cervical intraepithelial neoplasia III with positive margins. She subsequently had three negative cervical vaginal cytology results, each with a positive high-risk human papillomavirus test. Transvaginal ultrasound showed occupation of the entire uterine cavity by dense material consistent with pyometra in addition to myometrial thinning due to tension and cervical dilation. The patient presented with greenish vaginal discharge of 3 months’ duration. The cervix was not visible during speculum examination. Access for endometrial sampling was not possible, raising suspicion of post-conization cervical stenosis. The patient was treated with laparoscopic hysterectomy with double adnexectomy. Histologic examination showed superficial squamous cell carcinoma invading the cervix to a depth of 2.8 mm; superficial spreading squamous cell carcinomain situwas also observed in the lower uterine segment and endometrium. The patient was free of symptoms 12 months after surgery.ConclusionsSquamous cell carcinoma of the cervix with superficial spread to the endometrium is not included in the 2020 (fifth edition) World Health Organization Classification of Female Genital Tract Tumors or the 2018 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics cervical cancer staging system. More clinical cases are needed to identify other prognostic factors and inform clinical practice guidelines on the management of this disease.
Food hygiene practices and determinants among food handlers in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zenbaba Demisu , Sahiledengle Biniyam , Nugusu Fikadu , Beressa Girma , Desta Fikreab , Atlaw Daniel , Chattu Vijay Kumar 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Food-borne diseases are a major public health concern worldwide, particularly in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), such as Ethiopia. Poor food hygiene practices primarily exacerbate food-borne illness transmission. Prior studies on the food hygiene practices among food handlers in Ethiopia were inconsistent. Therefore, this meta-analysis and systematic review aimed to estimate the pooled proportion of good food hygiene practices and identify the determinants in Ethiopia.

Methods
The preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) instruments were used, and a systematic search was performed in the PubMed/MEDLINE, POPLINE, HINARI, Science Direct, Cochrane Library databases, and Google Scholar were systematically last searched on the 24th February 2022 for relevant articles. Only the observational studies that reported the proportion of good food hygiene practices and their associated factors among food handlers were included. The quality of the included studies was assessed by two independent authors. Articles with unclear methodologies and did not report the overall proportions of good food hygiene practice were excluded. The effect estimates for pooled proportion and pooled odds ratio (POR) along with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were determined conducting using DerSimonian–Laird's random effect model.

Results
Among 817 retrieved studies, 23 eligible articles with a total sample size of 7153 study participants were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled proportion of good food hygiene practices among food handlers was 50.5% [95% CI: (41.6, 59.4%]; I2 = 98.7%, p value = 0.001]. Food handlers with formal education (POR = 4.60, 95% CI: 3.05, 6.93), good knowledge (POR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.26, 3.11), training (POR = 3.52, 95% CI: 2.35, 5.28), and a positive attitude (POR = 3.41, 95% CI: 2.52, 4.61) about food hygiene components, as well as regular medical checkups (POR = 6.75, 95% CI: 4.49) were significantly associated with good food hygiene practice.

Conclusions
Only half of Ethiopia's food handlers had good food hygiene practice.

Implication of the study
The key elements of effective food hygiene practice that will aid in the development of feasible interventions to increase food handler compliance with food hygiene components have been identified.
The Use of Lanreotide in the Treatment of Congenital Hyperinsulinism
Authors: Cuff Heather , Lord Katherine , Ballester Lance , Scully Tryce , Stewart Nicole , De Leon Diva D 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Context
Congenital hyperinsulinism (HI) results in severe, persistent hypoglycemia and is associated with high risk of neurodevelopmental deficits. Sixty percent of HI cases are unresponsive to diazoxide, the only Food and Drug Administration–approved drug. Somatostatin analogs are used off-label as second-line treatment; the long-acting somatostatin analogue, lanreotide, has been used to treat HI over the past decade. Existing reports are limited to small case series.

Objective
To assess the effectiveness and safety of lanreotide in individuals with HI.

Design
Retrospective cohort study of individuals with HI treated with lanreotide between 2015 and 2020.

Setting
The Congenital Hyperinsulinism Center at The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia.

Patients
Fifty-four individuals with hyperinsulinism treated with lanreotide.

Main Outcome Measures
Fasting duration with plasma glucose &gt; 70 mg/dL; frequency of lanreotide-associated side effects.

Results
The median duration of lanreotide therapy was 28.7 (2.8-64.5) months. Thirty-four patients (63%) had HI due to inactivating mutations of the adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) sensitive potassium channel (KATP-HI), and 39% had undergone a pancreatectomy. Of 52 patients receiving other HI therapies, 22 (42%) were able to discontinue other treatments and were managed on lanreotide alone. Fasting duration with plasma glucose &gt; 70 mg/dL was significantly longer during therapy with lanreotide compared to prior to lanreotide initiation (8.6 ± 6.5 vs 5.1 ± 4.7 hours, P = 0.001). The most common side effects were subcutaneous nodules (26%) and gallstones (11%).

Conclusions
Lanreotide is a well-tolerated treatment for patients with HI. It results in a longer duration of fasting and a simplification of treatment regimens.
CCDC38 is required for sperm flagellum biogenesis and male fertility in mice
Authors: Zhang Ruidan , Wu Bingbing , Liu Chao , Zhang Zhe , Wang Xiuge , Wang Liying , Xiao Sai , Chen Yinghong , Wei Huafang , Jiang Hui , Gao Fei , Yuan Li , Li Wei 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
The sperm flagellum is essential for male fertility, and defects in flagellum biogenesis are associated with male infertility. Deficiency of coiled-coil domain-containing (CCDC) 42 (CCDC42) is specifically associated with malformation of mouse sperm flagella. Here, we find that the testis-specific protein CCDC38 interacts with CCDC42, localizing on the manchette and sperm tail during spermiogenesis. Inactivation of CCDC38 in male mice results in a distorted manchette, multiple morphological abnormalities of the flagella of spermatozoa and eventually male sterility. Furthermore, we find that CCDC38 interacts with intraflagellar transport protein 88 (IFT88), as well as outer dense fibrous 2 (ODF2), and the knockout of Ccdc38 reduces transport of ODF2 to the flagellum. Altogether, our results uncover the essential role of CCDC38 in sperm flagellum biogenesis, and suggest that some mutations of these genes might be associated with male infertility in humans.
Specialized androgen synthesis in skeletal muscles that actuate elaborate social displays
Authors: Schuppe Eric R. , Tobiansky Daniel , Goller Franz , Fuxjager Matthew J. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Androgens mediate the expression of many reproductive behaviors, including the elaborate displays used to navigate courtship and territorial interactions. In some vertebrates, males can produce androgen-dependent sexual behavior even when levels of testosterone are low in the bloodstream. One idea is that select tissues make their own androgens from scratch to support behavioral performance. We first studied this phenomenon in the skeletal muscles that actuate elaborate sociosexual displays in downy woodpeckers and two songbirds. We show that the woodpecker display muscle maintains elevated testosterone when the testes are regressed in the non-breeding season. Both the display muscles of woodpeckers, as well as the display muscles in the avian vocal organ (syrinx) of songbirds, express all transporters and enzymes necessary to convert cholesterol into bioactive androgens locally. In a final analysis, we broadened our study by looking for these same transporters and enzymes in mammalian muscles that operate at different speeds. Using RNA-seq data, we found that the capacity for de novo synthesis is only present in ‘superfast’ extraocular muscle. Together, our results suggest that skeletal muscle specialized to generate extraordinary twitch times and/or extremely rapid contractile speeds may depend on androgenic hormones produced locally within the muscle itself. Our study therefore uncovers an important dimension of androgenic regulation of behavior.
Estimated number of deaths directly avoided because of COVID-19 vaccination among older adults in Colombia in 2021: an ecological, longitudinal observational study
Authors: Rojas-Botero Maylen Liseth , Fernández-Niño Julián Alfredo , Arregocés-Castillo Leonardo , Ruiz-Gómez Fernando 
Published: May 2022

Background: Colombia’s national COVID-19 vaccination plan began in February of 2021. It gave priority to older adults, who constituted 77.7% of deaths from this illness in the year 2020. The main goal of the plan is to decrease specific mortality and the number of serious COVID-19 cases, however, the number of deaths avoided by this strategy is unknown. The objective of this study was to estimate the number of avoided deaths in Colombia by fully vaccinating older adults against COVID-19, during the first year of the implementation of the national vaccination plan. Methods: This study took on the design of an ecological, longitudinal study. Full vaccination coverage for older adults was calculated for each epidemiological week and age group from March to December 2021, based on which the number of avoided COVID-19 deaths was estimated. A sensitivity analysis was performed taking into account variations in the vaccines’ effectiveness by age group. Results: In Colombia, over 5.3 million adults 60 years of age and older received full COVID-19 vaccinations between March and December 2021. During that same period, nearly 46,000 deaths of older adults from this cause were registered. We estimated that vaccination has avoided around 22,000 more older adults from dying from COVID-19 in Colombia, that is, 32.4% of expected deaths in 2021. According to the sensitivity analysis, the number of lives saved ranged from 19,597 to 36,507. Conclusions: Colombia’s strategy to vaccinate older adults against COVID-19 has avoided mortality for this age group from being 48.0% higher than what was observed during the study period. Even more lives have been saved when taking into account the parameters that were defined and the omission of the contribution from partial vaccinations.
Tesoros de la Guerra Sertoriana en Catalunya.
Authors: AMELA VALVERDE Luis 
Published: May 2022

Breve estudio de los cinco tesoros conocidos de la guerra sertoriana (82-72 a.C.) aparecidos en Catalunya (cuatro compuestos por monedas de plata y uno de bronce). Su distinta composición muestra la diversidad de situaciones y de los propietarios de estos conjuntos.
Palabras clave: Guerra sertoriana, Catalunya, ocultaciones monetales, circulación dracmas de Emporion
What drives willingness to receive a new vaccine that prevents an emerging infectious disease? A discrete choice experiment among university students in Uganda
Authors: Bonner Kimberly E. , Ssekyanzi Henry , Sicsic Jonathan , Mueller Judith E. , Toomey Traci , Ulrich Angela K. , Horvath Keith J. , Neaton James D. , Banura Cecily , Basta Nicole E. 
Published: May 2022

Background
There is a critical need to identify the drivers of willingness to receive new vaccines against emerging and epidemic diseases. A discrete choice experiment is the ideal approach to evaluating how individuals weigh multiple attributes simultaneously. We assessed the degree to which six attributes were associated with willingness to be vaccinated among university students in Uganda.

Methods
We conducted a single-profile discrete choice experiment at Makerere University in 2019. Participants were asked whether or not they would be vaccinated in 8 unique scenarios where attributes varied by disease risk, disease severity, advice for or against vaccination from trusted individuals, recommendations from influential figures, whether the vaccine induced indirect protection, and side effects. We calculated predicted probabilities of vaccination willingness using mixed logistic regression models, comparing health professional students with all other disciplines.

Findings
Of the 1576 participants, 783 (49.8%) were health professional students and 685 (43.5%) were female. Vaccination willingness was high (78%), and higher among health students than other students. We observed the highest vaccination willingness for the most severe disease outcomes and the greatest exposure risks, along with the Minister of Health’s recommendation or a vaccine that extended secondary protection to others. Mild side effects and recommendations against vaccination diminished vaccination willingness.

Interpretation
Our results can be used to develop evidence-based messaging to encourage uptake for new vaccines. Future vaccination campaigns, such as for COVID-19 vaccines in development, should consider acknowledging individual risk of exposure and disease severity and incorporate recommendations from key health leaders.
A scoping review of information provided within degenerative cervical myelopathy education resources: Towards enhancing shared decision making
Authors: Umeria Rishi , Mowforth Oliver , Grodzinski Ben , Karimi Zahabiya , Sadler Iwan , Wood Helen , Sangeorzan Irina , Fagan Petrea , Murphy Rory , McNair Angus , Davies Benjamin 
Published: May 2022

Background
Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is a chronic neurological condition estimated to affect 1 in 50 adults. Due to its diverse impact, trajectory and management options, patient-centred care and shared decision making are essential. In this scoping review, we aim to explore whether information needs in DCM are currently being met in available DCM educational resources. This forms part of a larger Myelopathy.org project to promote shared decision making in DCM.

Methods
A search was completed encompassing MEDLINE, Embase and grey literature. Resources relevant to DCM were compiled for analysis. Resources were grouped into 5 information types: scientific literature, videos, organisations, health education websites and patient information leaflets. Resources were then further arranged into a hierarchical framework of domains and subdomains, formed through inductive analysis. Frequency statistics were employed to capture relative popularity as a surrogate marker of potential significance.

Results
Of 2674 resources, 150 information resources addressing DCM were identified: 115 scientific literature resources, 28 videos, 5 resources from health organisations and 2 resources from health education websites. Surgical management was the domain with the largest number of resources (66.7%, 100/150). The domain with the second largest number of resources was clinical presentation and natural history (28.7%, 43/150). Most resources (83.3%, 125/150) were designed for professionals. A minority (11.3% 17/150) were written for a lay audience or for a combined audience (3.3%, 5/150).

Conclusion
Educational resources for DCM are largely directed at professionals and focus on surgical management. This is at odds with the needs of stakeholders in a lifelong condition that is often managed without surgery, highlighting an unmet educational need.
Distribution characteristics of the sabA, hofC, homA, homB and frpB-4 genes of Helicobacter pylori in different regions of China
Authors: Fang Mengyang , Xue Zhijing , He Lihua , You Yuanhai , Gong Yanan , Fan Dongjie , Sun Lu , Zhai Kangle , Yang Yaming , Zhang Jianzhong 
Published: May 2022

Background
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) encodes numerous outer membrane proteins (OMPs), with considerable geographic heterogeneity and related to different clinical outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the distribution characteristics of five important OMP genes (sabA, hofC, homA, homB and frpB-4) in different regions of China.

Materials and method
A total of 266 strains were isolated from 348 stomach biopsy specimens in Shandong, Guangxi, Heilongjiang, Hunan, and Qinghai provinces. The presence of sabA, hofC, homA, homB and frpB-4 gene was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from H. pylori genomic DNA.

Results
Among the strains in five regions, the prevalence of frpB-4 was 100% and that of hofC was 97.7%. The prevalence of homB in the isolates from Qinghai (45.5%) was significantly lower than that in Shandong (75.3%), Guangxi (76.9%) and Hunan (69.6%) (P<0.05). The frequency of homA in Shandong (30.1%) was significantly lower than in Guangxi (57.7%) and Qinghai (63.6%) (P<0.05). The prevalence of the sabA gene in Shandong, Guangxi, Heilongjiang, Hunan and Qinghai provinces was 21.9%, 59.7%, 45.9%, 52.2%, and 18.2%, respectively (P<0.05). The sabA “on” status was significantly more frequent in isolates from Guangxi (46.8%), Heilongjiang (37.8%), and Hunan (47.8%) than Qinghai (3.0%) (P<0.05). The presence of homA and sabA genes may be negatively correlated with the development of gastritis. There was no significant association between the frpB-4, hofC, homB gene and clinical outcomes.

Conclusion
The prevalence of homA, homB, and sabA genes and the sabA “on” or “off” status have significant geographical differences among five provinces in China. The presence of homA and sabA genes may be protective factors of gastritis.
Exploring patient experiences of participating in a real and sham dry cupping intervention for nonspecific low back pain: A qualitative study
Authors: Almeida Silva Hugo Jário , Avila Mariana Arias , Castro Kamilla Maria Sousa , Pinheiro Yago Tavares , Lins Caio Alano Almeida , Medeiros Barbosa Germanna , de Souza Marcelo Cardoso 
Published: May 2022

Background
The current quality of evidence supporting dry cupping for individuals with chronic low back pain (CLBP) is low and suggests that nonspecific factors impact experiences reported by patients. Therefore, this study assessed the impacts of social and professional support on the experience of individuals with CLBP treated with dry cupping or sham.

Method
This is an observational study with qualitative approach. Twenty-four individuals with CLBP who received dry cupping or sham in a previous clinical trial were invited. Data was collected using a semi-structured interview conducted by a trained researcher. Content analysis was used to analyze experiences, systematic procedures, and description of the content of messages. The dimensions of “pain”, “general perceptions”, and “perceived social and professional support” guided the analysis.

Results
Answers of both groups converged on similar perceptions, especially regarding pain. Physical condition was the most fragile aspect. We also observed an influence of perceived social and professional support on painful symptoms. Thus, the experience of individuals with CLBP treated with dry cupping or sham indicated that factors related to social and professional support impacted results.

Conclusions
We observed that individuals with CLBP reported similar perceptions of the effects of dry cupping or sham treatment, indicating that contextual factors may influence the perception of these individuals regarding the treatment received.
Tetanus seroprotection among children in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2013–2014
Authors: Cheng Alvan , Ghanem-Uzqueda Angie , Hoff Nicole A. , Ashbaugh Hayley , Doshi Reena H. , Mukadi Patrick , Budd Roger , Higgins Stephen G. , Randall Christina , Gerber Sue , Kabamba Michel , Ngoie Mwamba Guilluame , Okitolonda-Wemakoy Emile , Muyembe-Tanfum Jean Jacques , Rimoin Anne W. 
Published: May 2022

Background
Tetanus is a potentially fatal disease that is preventable through vaccination. While the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) has continued to improve implementing routine vaccination activities throughout the country, they have struggled to maintain high childhood vaccine coverage. This study aims to examine the seroprevalence of tetanus in children 6 to 59 months to identify areas for intervention and improvement of vaccination coverage.

Methods
In collaboration with the 2013–2014 Demographic and Health Survey, we assessed the seroprevalence of tetanus antibodies among children in the DRC. Dried blood spot samples collected from children 6–59 months of age were processed using a prototype DYNEX Multiplier® chemiluminescent automated immunoassay instrument with a multiplex measles, mumps, rubella, varicella and tetanus assay. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with tetanus vaccination and seroprotection.

Results
Overall, 36.1% of children 6–59 months of age reported receiving at least 1 dose of tetanus vaccine while 28.7% reported receiving 3 doses; tetanus seroprotection was 40%. Increasing age in children was associated with decreased tetanus seroprotection, but increased number tetanus vaccinations received. Factors related to increased tetanus seroprotection included number of children in the household, wealth index of the family, urban residence compared to rural, level of maternal education, and province and geography.

Conclusions
Our findings in this nationally representative sample indicate that serology biomarkers may help identify children who are not fully immunized to tetanus more accurately than reported vaccination. While children may be captured for routine immunization activities, as children age, decreasing seroprevalence may indicate additional need to bolster routine vaccination activities and documentation of vaccination in school aged children. Additionally, the study highlights gaps in rural residential areas and vaccination coverage based on maternal education, indicating that policies targeting maternal education and awareness could improve the coverage and seroprevalence of tetanus antibodies in the DRC.