bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ligands for Abasic Site-containing DNA and their Use as Fluorescent
Probes
Authors: Ihmels Heiko , Schlosser Julika 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
Apurinic and apyrimidinic sites, also referred to as abasic or AP sites, are residues of duplex DNA in which one DNA base is removed from a Watson-Crick base pair. They are formed during the enzymatic repair of DNA and offer binding sites for a variety of guest molecules. Specif-ically, the AP site may bind an appropriate ligand as a substitute for the missing nucleic base, thus stabilizing the abasic site-containing DNA (AP-DNA). Notably, ligands that bind selectively to abasic sites may be employed for analytical and therapeutical purposes. As a result, there is a search for structural features that establish a strong and selective association of a given ligand with the abasic position in DNA. Against this background, this review provides an overview of the different classes of ligands for abasic site-containing DNA (AP-DNA). This review covers covalently binding sub-strates, namely amine and oxyamine derivatives, as well as ligands that bind to AP-DNA by non-covalent association, as represented by small heterocyclic aromatic compounds, metal-organic com-plexes, macrocyclic cyclophanes, and intercalator-nucleobase conjugates. As the systematic devel-opment of fluorescent probes for AP-DNA has been somewhat neglected so far, this review article contains a survey of the available reports on the fluorimetric response of the ligand upon binding to the AP-DNA. Based on these data, this compilation shall present a perspective for future develop-ments of fluorescent probes for AP-DNA.
Covid-19 Study, Pathology and Therapeutics
Authors: Lu Da-Yong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
The coronavirus (COVID-19, SARS-Co-2) swept the globe almost two years. However, the outside condition of Covide-19 is unevenly distributed among regions and countries due to various medical efforts and preparedness. The more effective vaccines, drug or other therapeutic strategy was on the road. The origin and hidden nature of Covid-19 pandemics remains to be poorly understood. The positive side of past global effort was about 30% global vaccinations. Advanced knowledge and opinion can safe guide the quality of preventive and therapeutic strategies. To speed up global efforts against Covid-19 spread, new knowledge should be explored and distributed in the future. The epidemic condition, countrywide vaccination and therapeutic variability worldwide collectively determine our armament and capability against Covid-19. Different strategic platforms can reach optimal therapeutic responses and benefiting against viral spread and pathogenesis. By facilitating global alertness and mechanisms against viral-induced social damage, a possibility of futuristic guidelines should be established in upcoming decade. This article addresses this spectrum of diagnostic and therapeutic achievements and insights in the past.
Obesity and Adipose Tissue-derived Cytokines in the Pathogenesis of
Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Daryabor Gholamreza , Amirghofran Zahra , Gholijani Nasser , Bemani Peyman 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by demyelination, neuronal loss, and permanent neu-rological impairments. The etiology of MS is not clearly understood, but genetics and environ-mental factors can affect the susceptibility of individuals. Obesity or a body mass index of (BMI) > 30 kg/m2 is associated with serious health consequences such as lipid profile abnormal-ities, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, reduced levels of vitamin D, and a systemic low-grade inflammatory state. The inflammatory milieu can negatively affect the CNS and promote MS pathogenesis due in part to the increased blood-brain barrier permeability by the actions of adipose tissue-derived cytokines or adipokines. By crossing the blood-brain barrier, the pro-in-flammatory adipokines such as leptin, resistin, and visfatin activate the CNS-resident immune cells, and promote the inflammatory responses; subsequently, demyelinating lesions occur in the white matter of the brain and spinal cord. Therefore, better knowledge of the adipokines’ role in the induction of obesity‐related chronic inflammation and subsequent events leading to the dys-functional blood-brain barrier is essential. In this review, recent evidence regarding the possible roles of obesity and its related systemic low-grade inflammation, and the roles of adipokines and their genetic variants in the modulation of immune responses and altered blood-brain barrier per-meability in MS patients, has been elucidated. Besides, the results of the current studies regarding the potential use of adipokines in predicting MS disease severity and response to treatment have been explored.
MicroRNAs as Biomarkers for Birth Defects
Authors: Seelan Ratnam S. , Pisano M. Michele , Greene Robert M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
It is estimated that 2-4% of live births will have a birth defect (BD). The availability of bi-omarkers for the prenatal detection of BDs will facilitate early risk assessment, prompt medical interven-tion and ameliorating disease severity. miRNA expression levels are often found to be altered in many diseases. There is, thus, a growing interest in determining whether miRNAs, particularly extracellular miRNAs, can predict, diagnose, or monitor BDs. These miRNAs, typically encapsulated in exosomes, are released by cells (including those of the fetus and placenta) into the extracellular milieu, such as blood, urine, saliva and cerebrospinal fluid, thereby enabling interaction with target cells. Exosomal miRNAs are stable, protected from degradation, and retain functionality. The observation that placental and fetal miRNAs can be detected in maternal serum, provides a strong rationale for adopting miRNAs as non-invasive prenatal biomarkers for BDs. In this mini-review, we examine the current state of research in-volving the use of miRNAs as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers for BD.
German Mobile Apps for Patients With Psoriasis: Systematic Search and Evaluation
Authors: Lull Christian , von Ahnen Jan Alwin , Gross Georg , Olsavszky Victor , Knitza Johannes , Leipe Jan , Schmieder Astrid 
Published: February 2022

Background
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. The visibility of erythematous plaques on the skin as well as the pain and itchiness caused by the skin lesions frequently leads to psychological distress in patients. Smartphone apps are widespread and easily accessible. Earlier studies have shown that apps can effectively complement current management strategies for patients with psoriasis. However, no analysis of such apps has been published to date.

Objective
The aim of this study is to systematically identify and objectively assess the quality of current publicly available German apps for patients with psoriasis using the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS) and compile brief ready-to-use app descriptions.

Methods
We conducted a systematic search and assessment of German apps for patients with psoriasis available in the Google Play Store and Apple App Store. The identified apps were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 reviewers, who independently rated them using the German MARS (MARS-G). The MARS-G includes 15 items from 4 different sections (engagement, functionality, aesthetics, and information) to create an overall mean score for every app. Scores can range from 1 for the lowest-quality apps to 5 for the highest-quality apps. Apps were ranked according to their mean MARS-G rating, and the highest-ranked app was evaluated independently by 2 patients with psoriasis using the user version of the MARS-G (uMARS-G). Furthermore, app information, including origin, main function, and technical aspects, was compiled into a brief overview.

Results
In total, we were able to identify 95 unique apps for psoriasis, of which 15 were available in both app stores. Of these apps, 5 were not specifically intended for patients with psoriasis, 1 was designed for clinical trials only, and 1 was no longer available at the time the evaluation process began. Consequently, the remaining 8 apps were included in the final evaluation. The mean MARS-G scores ranged from 3.51 to 4.18. The app with the highest mean MARS-G score was Psoriasis Helferin (4.18/5.00). When rated by patients, however, the app was rated lower in all subcategories, resulting in a mean uMARS-G score of 3.48. Most apps had a commercial background and a focus on symptom tracking. However, only a fraction of the apps assessed used validated instruments to measure the user’s disease activity.

Conclusions
App quality was heterogeneous, and only a minority of the identified apps were available in both app stores. When evaluated by patients, app ratings were lower than when evaluated by health care professionals. This discrepancy highlights the importance of involving patients when developing and evaluating health-related apps as the factors that make an app appealing to users may differ between these 2 groups.

Trial Registration
Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien DRKS00020963; https://tinyurl.com/ye98an5b
Medieval Azerbaijan and the development of its visual media
Authors: Badalova Firuza T. 
Published: February 2022

Introduction. One of the main features of medieval structures created by Azerbaijani architects and sculptors is the artistic form decorated with elegant designs. Monuments with ornaments are found on buildings that serve as information carriers of the epoch (cult and memorial buildings, baths, castles, palaces, bridges). Since the 11th–12th centuries, the placement of various ornaments on monuments has become an integral part of Azerbaijani art.
Materials and methods. The use of various types of ornaments has led to the emergence of new architectural schools.
Results. Monuments created by medieval architects: Ibrahim ibn Osman (Ganja Gate, 1063), Adjami Abubekr oglu Nakhchivani (Yusif ibn Kusayr mausoleum in Nakhchivan, 1162), Momuna Khatun (Mausoleum of Momuna Khatun, 1186), etc. highlighted by their visual representations. Brief information about the history and architecture of the monument is inscribed on the stone slabs (Sayyed Yahya Bakuwi mausoleum, Maiden Tower, decorative patterns on the portal of the eastern gate of the Shirvanshah complex, etc.). Beginning in the Middle Ages, emergence of Azerbaijani architectural schools began in Arran, Nakhchivan, Shirvano-Absheron and Tabriz schools. Unlike the Middle Ages, nowadays visual information is more widely used on roads, in parks, on crossroads.
Conclusions. The formation of the architectural environment in the 11th–12th centuries revealed the styles of Baku, Ganja, Nakhchivan, Gabala and Arran. The Middle Ages played elegant ornaments in the form of a rose, geometrical, plot, le­gendary, mixed, and stamped. It has been established that the model of the city, based on ancient historical and theoretical studies, can be improved. The increasing importance of information requires the use of architectural, artistic, and aesthetic elements. In the 21st century elegant ornaments with visual power remain relevant in the urban environment.
Regionally Alt-Right? #Wexit as a Digital Public Sphere
Authors: Ruiz-Soler Javier , Chun Wendy Hui Kyong 
Published: February 2022

Background: Wexit, a movement for the secession of the provinces in Western Canada, gained national attention and visibility in the federal elections of 2019, boosted by social media platforms.Analysis: This article explores #wexit interactions on Twitter as a Canadian digital issue public by analyzing the main actors spreading and controlling information and interactions to see if the public Wexit conversation on Twitter engages in alt-right discourse and rhetoric.Conclusion and implications: The analysis shows how #wexit, as a Canadian alternative to mainstream conservative movements, engages regional concerns and/or petrocultures about “Western culture.”
Comprehensive Folding Variations for Protein Folding
Authors: Yang Jiaan , Xiang Wen , Zhao Xiao Fei , Wu Gang , Tong Shi , Hu Qiyue , Ge Hu , Qin Qianshan , Jin Xinshen , Zhang Lianshan , Zhang Peng 
Published: February 2022

The revelation of protein folding is a challenging subject in both
discovery and description. Except acquirement of accurate 3D structure
for protein stable state, another big hurdle is how to discover
structural flexibility for protein innate character. Even if a huge
number of flexible conformations are known, difficulty is how to
describe these conformations. A novel approach, protein structure
fingerprint, has been developed to expose the comprehensive local
folding variations, and then construct folding conformations for entire
protein. The backbone of 5 amino acid residues was identified as a
universal folden, and then a set of Protein Folding Shape Code (PFSC)
was derived for completely covering folding space in alphabetic
description. Sequentially, a database was created to collect all
possible folding shapes of local folding variations for all permutation
of 5 amino acids. Successively, Protein Folding Variation Matrix (PFVM)
assembled all possible local folding variations along sequence for a
protein, which possesses several prominent features. First, it showed
the fluctuation with certain folding patterns along sequence which
revealed how the protein folding was related the order of amino acids in
sequence. Second, all folding variations for an entire protein can be
simultaneously apprehended at a glance within PFVM. Third, all
conformations can be determined by local folding variations from PFVM,
so total number of conformations is no longer ambiguous for any protein.
Finally, the most possible folding conformation and its 3D structure can
be acquired according PFVM for protein structure prediction. Therefore,
the protein structure fingerprint approach provides a significant means
for investigation of protein folding problem.
Exogenous Loss of Analyst Coverage and Choice of Audit Quality
Authors: Fung Simon Yu Kit , Wang Zheng , Zhang Liandong , Zhu Xindong 
Published: February 2022

SYNOPSIS
We show that a firm’s likelihood of appointing auditors with industry expertise or with a larger office increases after the firm is affected by an exogenous reduction in analyst coverage, relative to its matched control firms. This effect is stronger for affected firms with greater reductions in analyst monitoring, for smaller or younger firms, for firms with lower institutional or CEO ownership, and when the lost analysts are more effective monitors. We further show that affected firms that switch to high-quality auditors receive more positive market reaction, experience a smaller decrease in stock liquidity and a smaller increase in cost of equity capital relative to other affected firms, suggesting that audit quality has real payoffs. These results collectively provide causal evidence supporting the agency incentive driven demand for high-quality external auditing.
ILMU KALAM DALAM PEMBACAAN KONTEMPORER
Authors: Farichah Farichah 
Published: February 2022

The development of Islamic thought, including theology, is inseparable from its social and political setting. Political nuances in the discourse are obvious. Each group offers its own concept that is sometimes different from other groups and claims that the correct one is their own concept, while others are wrong, and this results in truth claim. All groups refer to al-Guran and Hadith as justification to support their opinions, without considering the alternative concept of truth and that the truth itself is relative. Conseguentiy, social jargons existing in the society tend to be dichotomous: Muslim — infidels, and true — false. As an Islamic thought, theology is expected to provide fresh atmosphere to create peace. For that reason, it is necessary to revise and reconstruct the old epistemology to a new epistemology. The goal is to make theology not simply an empty religious dogma, but rather a science of social critigue, which makes faith have the function of humanethics as the foundation of religion.
Cátedras de radio en contingencia por la pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Delménico Matías , Beneitez María Elena , Gratti Ana Laura , Parlatore Bibiana 
Published: February 2022

Se trata de un trabajo desarrollado en el Instituto de Investigaciones en Comunicación (IICom) de la Facultad de Periodismo y Comunicación Social de la Universidad de La Plata y que fue encabezado por docentes del Taller de Estrategias de Comunicación Sonora y Radial, Cátedra 1 durante un año, entre agosto 2020 y agosto 2021.
La investigación surge a partir de la pregunta ¿qué estrategias pusieron en práctica las cátedras de radio de las universidades nacionales para sostener la continuidad pedagógica durante el periodo de enseñanza virtual?
El trabajo abarca, por un lado, un relevamiento federal, que contempla las posibilidades tecnológicas, artísticas, estéticas y formas de adaptación al contexto de enseñanza durante la no presencialidad.
Y por el otro, el desarrollo de entrevistas para recuperar los relatos y habilita la posibilidad de que las docentes y los docentes tomen la palabra y describan sus formas de trabajo, de acuerdo con las condiciones propias de cada provincia, región, unidad académica e interlocutoras e interlocutores.
Trayectorias digitales universitarias
Authors: Pereyra Melina Milagros 
Published: February 2022

El presente artículo pone en común los aportes de diversos autoras y autores que ayudaron a la construcción y delimitación del tema/problema en el proyecto de investigación de la beca de Estímulo a las Vocaciones Científicas del Consejo Interuniversitario Nacional (EVC-CIN) ‘Trayectorias estudiantiles digitales universitarias: las experiencias educativas de las y los estudiantes de la carrera de comunicación en la FPyCS-UNLP’.
El mismo se pregunta por las trayectorias educativas en tanto su incidencia el acceso, uso y apropiación de dispositivos tecnológicos y de conectividad en un contexto de pandemia/post pandemia tomando como caso de estudio las experiencias de las y los jóvenes estudiantes del ciclo básico de la Licenciatura en Comunicación Social de la Facultad de Periodismo y Comunicación Social de la UNLP.
Por consiguiente, se toman y se ponen en diálogo las producciones científico-académicas que han tenido lugar en el plano nacional y regional durante los últimos 15 años en torno a la temática que atraviesa al tema que se investiga en esta dicha beca.
Militancia, roscas, campañas y elecciones en el KM 0
Authors: Martins Maria Susana 
Published: February 2022

Militancia, roscas, campañas y elecciones en el Km0. Una mirada a la vida del peronismo desde el papel de El Mundo de Berisso es un libro que habla de política local y, al mismo tiempo, se convierte en un manual de análisis del discurso cuando, para investigar los avisos de publicidad gráfica echa mano a una batería de categorías teóricas y metodológicas desarrolladas por la perspectiva de la sociosemiótica de Eliseo Verón. Más allá de la memoria y la anécdota, visibiliza la transformación y profesionalización de la comunicación política.
El escenario digital como plataforma para investigar en red
Authors: Albarello Francisco , Milito Carlos 
Published: February 2022

En el escenario digital el contexto de pandemia nos desafió a iniciar nuestro proyecto de investigación a partir de las múltiples oportunidades que ofrece este ecosistema. Gestionar, entrevistar, sistematizar, debatir y publicar en red nos permitió avanzar con el plan y consolidar un grupo con representantes de once Universidades públicas y privadas de Argentina. Describiremos las circunstancias históricas, culturales y tecnológicas en las que producimos conocimiento.
Nos preguntamos cómo se informan y cómo estudian los estudiantes de periodismo y comunicación de las universidades argentinas a través de dispositivos digitales. El trabajo lo desarrollamos a través de Internet: soporte material para nuestra labor de investigación y a la vez, ambiente en el que desenvuelven sus prácticas de información y estudio las y los estudiantes en contexto de pandemia. Logramos entonces avanzar con el trabajo de campo y la sistematización de la información experimentando la convergencia, entendida como fenómeno cultural, de este modo, método y objeto de estudio articulan nuevas formas de conocimiento (Hine, 2005)
Conformamos una comunidad virtual que permitió acercarnos de un modo novedoso a nuestro objeto de estudio generando una experiencia de “inteligencia colectiva” (Levy, 2004). Esta experiencia estrechó la distancia con las y los estudiantes y facilitó el diálogo casi simultáneo sobre los avances del trabajo, superando las limitaciones geográficas, climáticas y pandémicas.
Diseñamos una modalidad de trabajo que denominamos “investigar en red”. Establecimos reuniones periódicas para generar acuerdos y consensos, la organización de las distintas etapas de la investigación, el diseño de las herramientas de recolección de datos y el análisis de esos datos. La red está organizada en nodos locales, conformados por el conjunto de investigadores/as de una misma universidad. En este sentido, la organización del trabajo colaborativo alterna instancias generales (en donde participan todos los miembros de cada nodo) y reuniones “locales”, internas de cada nodo.
Pensar la verdad en tiempos de fake news
Authors: Grabosky Sergio Gustavo 
Published: February 2022

El presente trabajo forma parte de la investigación sobre periodismo digital en Salta, Argentina, que se realiza en el marco del proyecto N°2681/0 Nuevos formatos discursivos: periodismo digital y narrativas transmedia que dirijo y que cuenta con el subsidio del Consejo de Investigación de la Universidad Nacional de Salta, Argentina.
A partir de conceptos teórico-metodológicos de la Microhistoria puestos en relación con los estudios comunicacionales repensamos la relación de los discursos de ambas prácticas de investigación- histórica y periodística-, con la búsqueda de la verdad, que se manifiesta en la función comunicativa: informar - ser veraz. Volver sobre las metodologías históricas y periodísticas que buscan sistematizar formas de tratamiento de la información acordes a esta función comunicativa, tales como la consulta de documentos o testimonios, fuentes de información y la adopción de una forma de construcción del relato histórico y periodístico diferente al relato de ficción.
El contexto de producción de este estudio es el del periodismo digital global desde una mirada local, situada en la ciudad de Salta Capital, Argentina. También, el contexto de extrema desinformación, proliferación de fakenews y la consiguiente crisis de confianza ciudadana en torno a la prensa. En ese contexto es que se instala la pregunta, que no será retórica: ¿Acaso la verdad vale la pena?
Application of artificial intelligence algorithm in mathematical modelling and solving
Authors: Yao Haiyan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
To help people solve unsolved problems in everyday life and solve the complexity of life, this paper proposes an artificial intelligence algorithm and establishes a mathematical model for simulation experiments. The results show that the artificial intelligence algorithm can search the optimal solution in a short time, with a success rate of 95.87%. Under the same conditions, relative to other algorithms, it can not only improve the success rate of the optimal solution, but also the search solution has very significant advantages.