bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An open-label, randomized, controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of antihistamine premedication and infusion prolongation in prevention of hypersensitivity reaction to oxaliplatin.
Authors: Lagampan Chalita , Teeyapan Nattaya , Poovorawan Nattaya , Sitthideatphaiboon Piyada , Parinyanitikul Napa , Vinayanuwattikun Chanida , Sriuranpong Virote , Tanasanvimon Suebpong 
Published: June 2022

12099 Background: Hypersensitivity reaction (HSR) is a common toxicity in patients receiving repeated oxaliplatin. Oxaliplatin induced HSR could be severe and results in treatment discontinuation. There is no standard recommendation for prevention of oxaliplatin induced HSR. Methods: We conducted a prospective, single center, open-label, randomized controlled trial comparing the standard premedication and 2-hour infusion protocol to the additional antihistamine premedication, intravenous chlorpheniramine, and 3-hour infusion protocol. After three months of chemotherapy, the randomization was done at 5thand 7th cycles of 3-week and 2-week oxaliplatin based regimens, respectively. The primary endpoint was the incidence of HSR. Results: From July 2020 to March 2021, a total of 160 patients underwent randomization (80 patients in both intervention and control groups). After 11 months follow-up, all patients had completed planned treatment cycles. HSRs occurred in 1 (1.3 %) and 10 (12.5%) patients in intervention and control groups, respectively, p = 0.005). There were 6 (7.5%) patients with more than grade 1 HSRs in control groups, but none in intervention group. In the intervention group, one patient with HSR experienced grade 1 erythema and palpitation. There is no report of significant adverse event from anti-histamine premedication or oxaliplatin infusion prolongation. Conclusions: Additional antihistamine premedication and infusion prolongation started in 2nd half of treatment course can significantly reduced HSR incidence in patients receiving oxaliplatin. Clinical trial information: TCTR20210506001.
Racial differences in interest and use of integrative medicine among patients with breast cancer.
Authors: Sheade Jori , Freeman Jincong Q. , Zhao Fangyuan , Olopade Olufunmilayo I. , Huo Dezheng , Nanda Rita 
Published: June 2022

12101 Background: Breast cancer treatment can be associated with side effects (SEs) that negatively impact quality of life. While some SEs can be treated with medications, such interventions come with additional SEs. Acupuncture, massage, meditation, music therapy and yoga have received ASCO endorsement for the management of therapy-related SEs. Many patients are interested in integrative services, but little is known about racial differences in interest and use of integrative services among patients with breast cancer. Methods: Breast cancer patients enrolled in the Chicago Multiethnic Epidemiologic Cohort study were sent a survey regarding their interest and use of five integrative services: acupuncture, massage, meditation, music therapy and yoga. Participants were asked how interested they would be in these services if offered, using a five-point Likert scale. Prior use was self-reported. Proportional odds were modeled for “interest” and binary logistic regression was modeled for “self-reported use.” Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated, controlling for age, education, marital status, household income, insurance, Carlson comorbidity index, molecular subtype and stage. Results: 1,300 patients responded to the survey, 928 White and 285 Black. Compared with White patients in this cohort, Black patients were less educated, had a lower household income, were more likely enrolled in Medicaid/Medicare, and had a greater Carlson comorbidity index. Over 97% of patients had stage 0-III breast cancer. While there was no difference in interest in acupuncture between Black and White patients (aOR 1.1, 95% CI 0.8-1.7), Black patients were significantly more interested in the use of massage (aOR 1.9, 95% CI 1.3-2.8), meditation (aOR 2.0, 95% CI 1.4-3.0), music therapy (aOR 2.7, 95% CI 1.8-4.0) and yoga (aOR 2.1, 95% CI 1.4-3.1). Black patients were significantly less likely than Whites to report acupuncture use (aOR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3-0.8); but there were no racial differences in self-reported use of massage (aOR 0.8, 95% CI 0.5-1.3), meditation (aOR 0.8, 95% CI 0.5-1.4), music therapy (aOR 1.7, 95% CI 0.8-3.3) and yoga (aOR 0.7, 95% CI 0.4-1.2). Conclusions: Black patients with breast cancer expressed more interest in integrative services than their White counterparts; there were no racial differences in self-reported use of integrative services except an increased use of acupuncture among White patients. A breast program focused on equity should provide access to these resources for all patients. Interest and self-reported use of integrative services among patients with breast cancer, by race. [Table: see text]
Efficacy of a nurse monitoring service at preventing disease- or therapy-related symptoms in patients receiving targeted therapy or immunotherapy.
Authors: Sbrana Andrea , Antonuzzo Andrea , Ripamonti Carla Ida , Roila Fausto , Santini Daniele , Fabi Alessandra , Ermacora Paola , Numico Gianmauro , Barbara Raffaele , Coletta Deborah , Velutti Laura , Corsi Domenico C. , Berruti Alfredo , Mariani Gabriella , Bossi Paolo ,   On behalf of NICSO Network Italiano Cure di Supporto in Oncologia
Published: June 2022

12118 Background: The safety profile of Targeted therapies (TT) and immunotherapy (IT) may be underestimated and negatively affect the clinical outcome. Methods: A nationwide, randomized, open-label trial (NCT04726020) conducted among 29 Italian centers involved two cohorts of 223 adult patients (pts) with a solid tumor, receiving TT (group B, 119 pts) or IT (group C, 104 pts). Pts were randomized to receive a weekly nurse monitoring phone call, together with an educational leaflet with some practical advice about toxicities (experimental arm), or only the educational leaflet (control arm). In the experimental arm, pts received their monitoring phone call before their treatment began, then every week for up to 16 weeks of treatment were completed. The primary objective was the evaluation of the difference in toxicities according to patient-reported outcome (PRO)-CTCAE. Results: Both arms were comparable in terms of pts’ characteristics (e.g. site of primary tumor, line of treatment). The adherence to the project (that is the completion of every expected call) was 62.1% in group B and 66.9% in group C. In group B, in the experimental arm, we found a higher number of pts without pain (53.7 vs 39.9%, p = 0.047); a trend of lower fatigue (29.2 vs 18%, p = 0.067) was also observed. In group C, a higher number of pts did not report fatigue (29.1 vs 17.5%, p = 0.043), shortness of breath (61.4 vs 38.5%, p = 0.002) or dry skin (72 vs 52.3%, p = 0.004). More pts also referred to be without pain (51.6 vs 38.8%, p = 0.065) and pruritus (75.9 vs 64.5%, p = 0.088), even if these difference were not statistically significant. Conclusions: The use of PRO assessment through active nurse monitoring might lead to a better tolerance of TT and IT with possible implications on pts’ quality of life and ultimately on treatment outcome. In particular, in the IT group, several symptoms were prevented from occurring, thus encouraging a major effort to implement such active monitoring in this population. Clinical trial information: NCT04726020.
Impact of an augmented intelligence-based tool upon the timeliness of referrals to palliative care and hospice in patients with advanced cancer in the real-world setting.
Authors: Gajra Ajeet , Jeune-Smith Yolaine , Balanean Alexandrina , Ellis Amy R. , Miller Kelly A. , Showalter John , Bergman Danielle , Blau Sibel 
Published: June 2022

12127 Background: Timely integration of palliative care (PC) and hospice management for patients with advanced cancer requires informed clinical decision-making and expectation-setting to help patients realize their end-of-life (EOL) goals. Longer stay with hospice is a quality indicator in oncology care that requires earlier referral to PC and hospice. We have previously demonstrated that an augmented intelligence (AI) tool used to predict 30-day mortality can assist with an increase in referrals to PC and hospice. In this secondary analysis, we report on the impact of the AI tool on the timeliness of referral to PC and hospice prior to death. However, calculating days with hospice across multiple hospice providers and geographies can be challenging. Thus, we used a real-world (RW) measure of 14 to 90 days prior to death as a surrogate for timeliness for hospice and 90 to 180 days prior to death for a PC referral. Methods: Medical records of patients at a large community-based hematology/oncology practice in the Pacific Northwest who experienced a mortality event pre-deployment (January 2017 to April 2018) or post-deployment (May 2018 to June 2021) of the AI tool were electronically reviewed for evidence of a PC or hospice referral. Patients were included if the referral was between 14 to 90 days of the mortality event for hospice care or between 90 to 180 days prior to death for PC. Outcomes for additional timepoints (1-3 days and 4-13 days and >90 days) will be provided at the final presentation. Data were analyzed using a statistical process control chart. Results: Of the patients who experienced a mortality event, the following percentages had been referred pre- and post-deployment of the AI tool: PC 7.1% pre- and 15.0% post-deployment; hospice 11.5% pre- and 32.1% post-deployment. A system shift (≥6 points in a row steadily increasing or decreasing) occurred early after deployment, in June 2018. The overall improvements were 111.0% in PC referrals and 179.1% in hospice referrals within the respective timeframes. Conclusions: Deployment of an AI tool at a hematology/oncology practice substantially increased the proportions of patients referred to PC 90-180 days prior to death and hospice between 14 -90 days prior to death, suggesting a favorable impact on timeliness of referrals. If confirmed in additional studies, the AI-based tool can be utilized to integrate PC early in the management of patients with advanced cancer.[Table: see text]
Can personality feedback improve the process of self-management in cancer? Results from a randomized controlled trial.
Authors: Perry Laura M , Mossman Brenna , Rochefort Catherine , Walsh Leah E , Lewson Ashley B , Hoerger Michael 
Published: June 2022

12130 Background: Although personality characteristics predict emotional and physical quality of life in cancer, personality assessments are rarely used to inform care. This study examined whether a personality feedback intervention improved three patient-reported outcomes underlying the process of cancer self-management: 1) self-awareness, 2) self-efficacy for managing symptoms, treatment/medication, and emotions, and 3) positive affect. Methods: A sample of 372 adults with a history of cancer participated in a single-session, pre-post randomized controlled trial via Qualtrics (Control n= 188, Intervention n= 184). The sample was recruited online through ResearchMatch.org and cancer social media sites. Participants completed a baseline survey of demographics, Big Five personality traits, and study outcomes using validated measures. Next, they were immediately randomized to receive either intervention or control materials, followed by a post-test of study outcomes. Intervention participants received a feedback report of their personality results and tailored self-management tips, while control participants received only a general description of the Big Five personality traits. Three general linear models tested between-group differences in changes from baseline to post-test on each outcome, while controlling for baseline scores and demographic and health characteristics. Significance thresholds for all coefficients across all three models were simultaneously adjusted for a false discovery rate of 15%. Intervention participants also responded to a 5-item acceptability scale. Results: Participants were mostly non-Latino/a White (91%), middle-to-older aged ( M= 58.40, SD= 13.56), women (72%), and diagnosed with cancer an average of 6.06 years prior ( SD= 3.91). Compared to controls, intervention participants experienced a greater increase on a composite measure of self-efficacy for illness self-management ( d= 0.32, p=.002), as well as on the individual domain of self-efficacy for managing symptoms ( d= 0.36, p<.001). Contrary to hypotheses, the intervention did not improve self-awareness or positive affect ( ps ≥.132). Intervention participants rated the activity’s acceptability a mean of 3.97 ( SD= 0.68) on a scale from 1 to 5. Conclusions: This was the first study to demonstrate that a personality feedback intervention can improve self-efficacy in the context of managing a chronic illness. Findings call for follow-up studies to test whether these results translate into improved self-management behaviors and quality of life among individuals living with cancer. Clinical trial information: NCT04625439.
Disparities in NCI and nonprofit organization funding and effect on cancers with high incidence rates among Black patients and mortality rates.
Authors: Kamath Suneel Deepak , Chen Yanwen 
Published: June 2022

1509 Background: National Cancer Institute (NCI) and nonprofit organization (NPO) funding is critical for research and advocacy, but may not be equitable across cancers or racial and ethnic groups. Methods: This study evaluated funding from the NCI and NPOs supporting lung, breast, colorectal, pancreatic, hepatobiliary, prostate, ovarian, cervical and endometrial cancers, leukemia, lymphoma and melanoma from 2015-2018. The primary objectives were to assess for disparities in NCI and NPO funding across different cancers compared to their incidence and mortality and their incidence rates across age, racial and ethnic groups. We also investigated if underfunding correlates with fewer clinical trials. Correlations between NCI and NPO funding for each cancer and its incidence, mortality and number of clinical trials were analyzed using scatter plots and Pearson correlation coefficients (PCCs). Results: Diseases with the largest combined NCI and NPO funding were breast cancer ($3.75 billion) and leukemia ($1.99 billion). Those with the least funding were endometrial ($94 million), cervical ($292 million), and hepatobiliary cancers ($348 million). Disease-specific funding correlated well with incidence, but correlated poorly with mortality (PCCs: 0.74, p = 0.006 and 0.30, p = 0.346, respectively). Breast cancer, leukemia and lymphoma were consistently well-funded, while colorectal, lung, hepatobiliary and uterine cancers were consistently underfunded. These data are summarized in the Table. NCI and NPO funding increased proportionately as incidence increased for White patients (PCC: 0.73, p = 0.007), Hispanic patients (PCC: 0.66, p = 0.02), Asian/Pacific Islanders (PCC: 0.77, p = 0.003) and Native Americans and Alaskans (PCC: 0.72, p = 0.008) while cancers with higher incidence in the Black population were underfunded (PCC: 0.52, p = 0.08). The amount of combined NCI and NPO funding for a particular cancer correlated strongly with the number of clinical trials for that disease (PCC: 0.91, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Many cancers with high incidence and mortality are underfunded, including those with higher incidence among Black patients. Underfunding strongly correlates with fewer clinical trials, which could impede future advances in underfunded cancers. [Table: see text]
Time on treatment is prolonged in patients utilizing an ePRO based digital symptom monitoring platform in the community setting.
Authors: Parrinello Christina , Calkins Geoffrey , Kwiatkowsky Lavi , Schaefer Eric S. , Beck J. Thaddeus , Ellis Amy R. , Blau Sibel , Telivala Bijoy Pankaj , Kolodziej Michael A. 
Published: June 2022

1528 Background: Earlier and more effective management of cancer-related symptoms and treatment-related toxicities might improve the survival of patients receiving systemic anti-cancer therapy. One potential mechanism for improved outcomes could be prolonging time on therapy. We have previously reported on the successful real-world implementation of an electronic patient-reported outcomes (ePRO) tool in a community oncology practice. We now report on the impact of the tool on time on therapy for common anti-cancer treatments. Methods: We evaluated time on treatment across three community oncology practices that have implemented Expain, an EMR-integrated ePRO system which enables remote symptom monitoring during therapy. We compared drug-specific cohorts of patients that had been enrolled on the ePRO tool with a concurrent cohort of patients not enrolled on the ePRO platform. We examined time on treatment using a Kaplan Meier (KM) approach. Analysis was confined to patients with no prior administration of the parenteral therapeutic agent or a 90-day treatment-free washout period; and to patients with at least three months of potential follow-up. Analysis was only conducted for drugs with at least 80 patients in the Expain arm. Results: In each drug-specific cohort, the distribution of age, sex, and primary cancer diagnosis was similar in patients enrolled vs not enrolled on the ePRO (Mann-Whitney and Chi-square p > 0.05 except for the rituximab cohort which had more males in the ePRO cohort [67 vs 52%]). The impact of the ePRO-based symptom monitoring system on time on therapy was statistically significant for 5 agents. Conclusions: We confirm in the community setting the observation that digital symptom monitoring can increase time on therapy. We believe this is due to more effective management of treatment related toxicities, as well as more effective management of malignancy related or comorbid medical emergencies which might interrupt or lead to the discontinuation of therapy. We are evaluating the robustness of these results after using various methods to address any potential non-comparability of the cohorts. We are also examining the impact of prolonging time on treatment on survival. [Table: see text]
Applicability of a web app for lung cancer risk calculation and personalized recommendations for screening in Mexico.
Authors: Muñoz Lozano Jose Felipe , Oyervides Victor , Salazar-Mejía Carlos Eduardo , Zayas Omar A. , Vidal-Gutiérrez Oscar , Pineiro-Retif Rafael , Pérez-Ibave Diana Cristina , Gomez Ricardo Andres , Garza Brenda , Renteria Larisa 
Published: June 2022

1548 Background: Lung cancer screening continues to be an area of great opportunity in public health, especially in developing countries. In Mexico, about 10,000 new cases of lung cancer are detected annually, of which less than 5% are diagnosed in early stages. There are no national programs for timely detection of lung cancer in our country, so it is essential to seek accessible measures to prioritize resources for high-risk people. Methods: We developed a web app that consisted of a short survey to stratify patients according to their risk of lung cancer (https://cuccuanl.com/tamiz_pulmon/). The questions were based on Nelson's criteria to categorize high-risk subjects who are deemed candidates for screening. The program contained automated logic programmed using JavaScript to guide people to the low or high-risk page if they met standard risk criteria in those age 50 and older. The high-risk page alerted people of their risk, displaying general information about lung cancer as well as contact information to make an appointment at our cancer center. An appointment could be also scheduled within the app if the person so wished. The web app was launched and distributed through social media. Results: After a period of 2 months, 939 people completed the survey. The median age of the responders was 40 years, and 61% were men. Of the total, 185 participants were 50 years of age or older. 268 people (29% of the total) were sent to the high-risk page, including persons under 50 years of age with symptoms highly suggestive of lung cancer. According to their smoking status, 80% of the subjects reported active smoking, while 9% reported heavy smoking, considered as more than 20 pack-years. Among all the people evaluated, 44 high-risk subjects scheduled a specialized medical appointment within the web app. Conclusions: This pilot study showed a high response of Mexican population seeking lung cancer risk evaluation, especially among the persons who smoke regularly. The use of web apps can result in mass diffusion which will help reach people with less medical access, a common scenario in many developing countries. Further analysis should be made to measure the real impact on lung cancer diagnosis and oncological outcomes. Our study shows how effective social media is as a means of diffusion on health topics. [Table: see text][Table: see text]
Performance of an artificial intelligence-based annotation algorithm for reporting cancer genomic profiling tests.
Authors: Kage Hidenori , Aoki Takashi , Shinozaki-Ushiku Aya , Watanabe Kousuke , Akiyama Nana , Isago Hideaki , Ishigaki Kazunaga , Odawara Nariaki , Sato Yusuke , Sasaki Kazuhito , Tanaka Shota , Tanikawa Michihiro , Kato Motohiro , Tanabe Masahiko , Tatsuno Kenji , Ushiku Tetsuo , Miyagawa Kiyoshi , Nishimura Kunihiro , Aburatani Hiroyuki , Oda Katsutoshi 
Published: June 2022

1551 Background: Cancer genomic profiling (CGP) tests have been approved in Japan since June 2019, with the requisite that all test results be discussed by molecular tumor boards (MTBs). More than 20,000 patients in over 200 designated hospitals have taken CGP tests by December 2021. As CGP tests have entered clinical practice, streamlining decision making by MTBs and standardizing interpretation of test results and treatment recommendations have become urgent issues. Here, we evaluated the utility of Chrovis, an annotation algorithm for reporting CGP tests to support MTBs make their recommendations. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the reporting process of all approved CGP tests done at The University of Tokyo Hospital between December 2019 and November 2021. Chrovis provided annotation for each genetic variant by incorporating biologic, clinical, and therapeutic information by referencing several public knowledge databases and using natural language processing, and generated reports using the automated program. The MTB reviewed and made any necessary changes before finalizing the report. Changes in disclosure of germline findings were made according to the recommendations of a national guideline with consideration of past and family history. Results: Of the 243 tests, 91 changes in 81 Chrovis reports (33% of all reports) were made by the MTB. The most common type of change was germline disclosure with 26 changes (29%), followed by clinical trial information in Japan (18 changes, 20%) and recommendation of the patient-proposed national basket trial with multiple targeted agents (17 changes, 19%). Changes in germline disclosure increased from June 2021, when an update to a national guideline was released, while the proportion of changes in the latter two types remained unchanged. Gene alterations that led to the highest number of changes was TP53, with 13 changes. Changes in therapeutic recommendations were frequently observed in the RAS/MAPK pathway ( BRAF, KRAS, NF1, NRAS) with 12 changes. More changes were required with a tumor-only tissue CGP panel (57 of 149) compared with a matched tumor/normal tissue CGP panel (24 of 94, p = 0.04), mostly due to germline disclosure (24 vs. 2 changes). Conclusions: We observed that automated algorithm-based reporting was sufficient in 67% of reports. Recommendation for germline disclosure still requires manual supervision, particularly with tumor-only tissue CGP panels if algorithms do not incorporate medical history. The process of recommending clinical trials needs improvement, e.g., standardizing database formats for inclusion and exclusion criteria.