bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparison of radiofrequency Coblation and cold steel excision in the treatment of idiopathic vocal process granulomas
Authors: Lou Z , Lou Z , Lv T , Chen Z 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the effectiveness of radiofrequency Coblation assisted excision and cold steel excision in the treatment of idiopathic vocal process granulomas.MethodsA retrospective study was performed of patients with idiopathic vocal process granulomas who underwent radiofrequency Coblation excision or cold steel excision between January 2013 and January 2020. The recurrence rate was compared among the two groups at six months post-operatively.ResultsOf the 47 patients with vocal process granulomas, 28 were in the cold steel excision (control) group and 19 were in the Coblation-assisted group. The recurrence rate in the control group was significantly higher than that in the Coblation-assisted group (60.7 per cent vs 5.3 per cent; p < 0.001). In addition, the voice recovery of the Coblation-assisted group was significantly better than that of the control group; vocal quality recovered one month after surgery in the Coblation-assisted group.ConclusionRadiofrequency Coblation should be considered the optimal method when approaching idiopathic vocal process granulomas surgically.
Major haemorrhage after non-surgical management of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Leedman S , Thompson A , Phillips T , Sader C 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesMajor haemorrhage is a rare complication after chemoradiotherapy for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. This is managed by interventional neuroradiology with endovascular embolisation of the bleeding vessel. This study aimed to describe radiological and clinical predictors of haemorrhage.MethodsA retrospective case series was conducted of all patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas who suffered a major haemorrhage requiring embolisation during or after treatment with chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy alone, between 2013 and 2021, in Western Australia.ResultsThis study included 14 patients, in two groups: haemorrhage group (n = 70) and tumour stage matched non-haemorrhage group (n = 7). Patients who haemorrhaged had a larger average transverse axial tumour size on pre-treatment computed tomography (38 mm vs 22 mm; p = 0.02) and tumours tended to involve the proximal aspect of the offending bleeding vessel. All patients who haemorrhaged developed deep cavitating or ulcerative tumour bed changes on post-treatment imaging (p < 0.0001).ConclusionTumour bed ulceration or cavitation appears to be highly predictive of haemorrhage in this patient cohort.
Glass Bottles and Military Production
Authors: Cool H.E.M. 
Published: August 2022

abstractThis article draws attention to the fragments of two glass bottles found in auxiliary fort contexts of Antonine date in Britain which can be shown to have been made within the Flavian legionary fortress at Bonn. They are evidence of hitherto unsuspected aspects of legionary production and of supply within military establishments. They are also evidence of how long some artefacts could have remained in use. Reasons that might have prompted their manufacture are explored.
ON MULTIFRACTIONALITY OF SPHERICAL RANDOM FIELDS WITH COSMOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
Authors: BROADBRIDGE PHILIP , NANAYAKKARA RAVINDI , OLENKO ANDRIY 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates spatial data on the unit sphere. Traditionally, isotropic Gaussian random fields are considered as the underlying mathematical model of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) data. We discuss the generalized multifractional Brownian motion and its pointwise Hölder exponent on the sphere. The multifractional approach is used to investigate the CMB data from the Planck mission. These data consist of CMB radiation measurements at narrow angles of the sky sphere. The results obtained suggest that the estimated Hölder exponents for different CMB regions do change from location to location. Therefore, the CMB temperature intensities are multifractional. The methodology developed is used to suggest two approaches for detecting regions with anomalies in the cleaned CMB maps.
COHOMOLOGICAL MACKEY 2-FUNCTORS
Authors: Balmer Paul , Dell’Ambrogio Ivo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe show that the bicategory of finite groupoids and right-free permutation bimodules is a quotient of the bicategory of Mackey 2-motives introduced in [2], obtained by modding out the so-called cohomological relations. This categorifies Yoshida’s theorem for ordinary cohomological Mackey functors and provides a direct connection between Mackey 2-motives and the usual blocks of representation theory.
Do partisan politics influence domestic credit?
Authors: Tawiah Vincent , Nadarajah Sivathaasan , Alam Md Samsul , Allen Tom 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLeft-leaning and right-leaning governments hold opposing views on economic policy, resulting in disparities in economic behaviours and outcomes. Given this context, we explore the effect of political ideology on domestic credit using an unbalanced panel data of 29 countries from 1960 to 2014. Our empirical analysis shows that left-leaning governments reduce total domestic credit allocations. Also, we find that right-leaning governments provide more credit to the private sector, while left-leaning governments prefer to boost domestic credit to the public sector. In a further analysis, we show that political parties and their domestic credit strategies remain unchanged even during electoral periods. Our novel insights, that are robust to alternative measures, samples, and a set of econometric identifications, contribute to the literature on partisan politics and lending behaviour.
Geochemical and Chronological Constraints on the Origin and Mantle Source of Early Cretaceous Arc Volcanism on the Gagua Ridge in Western Pacific
Authors: Zhang Guoliang , Zhang Ji , Dalton Hayden , Phillips David 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe modern western Pacific basins and arcs formed during the Cenozoic are considered to be underlain by Indian‐type asthenospheric mantle. Nevertheless, Mesozoic volcanic arcs are rare in the western Pacific, and as a result, the nature of the mantle source and subduction history in the western Pacific remains unclear. The Gagua Ridge constitutes the western boundary of the Philippine Sea Plate; however, its geologic nature and genesis are unclear. Here, we determine whole‐rock major and trace elements and Sr‐Nd‐Pb‐Hf‐Mg isotopic compositions and emplacement ages of the volcanic rocks from the Gagua Ridge. These rocks are classified as trachy‐andesites and basaltic andesites. They are characterized by depletion in Nb‐Ta and enrichment in large ion lithosphile elements, confirming their arc affinity.40Ar‐39Ar analyses of plagioclase yields ages of 124‐123 Ma for the basaltic andesite group and ∼115 Ma for the trachy‐andesite group. The elevated Zr‐Hf‐K of these rocks coupled with high Th/La ratios indicate melting of subducted sediments. The anomalously high Nb/Ta (mean ∼33) can be explained by slab melting with residual rutile. These rocks also show the highestδ26Mg (−0.14 to 0.4‰) for arc lavas ever reported and theδ26Mg values are coupled with rare earth element compositions, which can be explained by interaction of sediment melts with altered peridotite/altered oceanic crust in the subduction zone. These volcanic rocks have Nd‐Hf isotopes similar to the Pacific mantle, indicating the presence of Pacific‐type mantle in the Early Cretaceous western Pacific.
Are Large Earthquakes Preferentially Triggered by Other Large Events?
Authors: Nandan Shyam , Ouillon Guy , Sornette Didier 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFundamentally related to the ultraviolet (UV) divergence problem in physics, conventional wisdom in statistical seismology is that the smallest earthquakes, which are numerous and often go undetected, dominate the triggering of major earthquakes, making accurate forecasting of the latter difficult if not inherently impossible. Using the general class of epidemic type aftershock sequence (ETAS) models and rigorous pseudo‐prospective experiments, we show that ETAS models featuring a specific magnitude correlation between triggered and triggering earthquakes and a magnitude‐dependent Omori kernel significantly outperform simpler ETAS models, in which these features are absent. Using the best forecasting model, we then show that large events preferentially trigger large earthquakes. These findings have far‐reaching implications for short‐term and medium‐term seismic risk assessment and the development of a deeper theory without UV cut‐off that is locally self‐similar.
Microbial Carbon Use Efficiency in Coastal Soils Along a Salinity Gradient Revealed by Ecoenzymatic Stoichiometry
Authors: Dong Y. , Chen R. R. , Petropoulos E. , Yao T. Y. , Yu B. Q. , Lin X. G. , Feng Y. Z. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSoil salinity affects the microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) that in turn regulates soil‐atmosphere gas exchange and soil C sequestration. So far, little is known about CUE in salt‐affected soils. Hereby, CUE across coastal soils with electric conductivity (EC) ranging from 0.14 dS m−1 to 13.65 dS m−1 was investigated using stoichiometric modeling. Contrary to the belief that CUE decreases with salinity increase, this present study showed that CUE follows a unimodal pattern along the saline gradient with the highest CUE observed at EC = 2 dS m−1. When EC > 2 dS m−1, both CUE and soil microbial growth rate significantly decrease with salinity indicating that microorganisms sacrifice growth for survival/adaptation to high salt stress. When EC < 2 dS m−1, CUE shows a significant positive correlation with EC, but microbial community growth rates remain stable. We also observed that microbial growth becomes limited by carbon scarcity and that the degree of carbon constraint is significantly aggravated with EC. This implies that elevating CUE can be the preferred mechanism for microorganisms to stabilize elemental stoichiometry and maintain growth rate. Our results revealed that along the saline gradient, the dominant factor of CUE shifted from the ecological stoichiometry to salinity, which provides an insight into the microbial‐driven carbon cycling in salt‐affected soils.
ToxR is a c-di-GMP binding protein that modulates surface-associated behaviour in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Dubern Jean-Frédéric , Romero Manuel , Mai-Prochnow Anne , Messina Marco , Trampari Eleftheria , Gijzel Hardeep Naghra-van , Chan Kok-Gan , Carabelli Alessandro M. , Barraud Nicolas , Lazenby James , Chen Ye , Robertson Shaun , Malone Jacob G. , Williams Paul , Heeb Stephan , Cámara Miguel 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPseudomonas aeruginosauses multiple protein regulators that work in tandem to control the production of a wide range of virulence factors and facilitate rapid adaptation to diverse environmental conditions. In this opportunistic pathogen, ToxR was known to positively regulate the production of the major virulence factor exotoxin A and now, through analysis of genetic changes between two sublines ofP. aeruginosaPAO1 and functional complementation of swarming, we have identified a previously unknown role of ToxR in surface-associated motility inP. aeruginosa. Further analysis revealed that ToxR had an impact on swarming motility by regulating the Rhl quorum sensing system and subsequent production of rhamnolipid surfactants. Additionally, ToxR was found to tightly bind cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) and negatively affect traits controlled by this second messenger including reducing biofilm formation and the expression of Psl and Pel exopolysaccharides, necessary for attachment and sessile communities matrix scaffolding, inP. aeruginosa. Moreover, a link between the post-transcriptional regulator RsmA andtoxRexpression via the alternative sigma factor PvdS, induced under iron-limiting conditions, is established. This study reveals the importance of ToxR in a sophisticated regulation of free-living and biofilm-associated lifestyles, appropriate for establishing acute or chronicP. aeruginosainfections.
Estrogen-related receptor gamma regulates mitochondrial and synaptic genes and modulates vulnerability to synucleinopathy
Authors: Fox S. N. , McMeekin L. J. , Savage C. H. , Joyce K. L. , Boas S. M. , Simmons M. S. , Farmer C. B. , Ryan J. , Pereboeva L. , Becker K. , Auwerx J. , Sudarshan S. , Ma J. , Lee A. , Roberts R. C. , Crossman D. K. , Kralli A. , Cowell R. M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMany studies implicate mitochondrial dysfunction as a key contributor to cell loss in Parkinson disease (PD). Previous analyses of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons from patients with Lewy-body pathology revealed a deficiency in nuclear-encoded genes for mitochondrial respiration, many of which are targets for the transcription factor estrogen-related receptor gamma (Esrrg/ERRγ). We demonstrate that deletion of ERRγ from DAergic neurons in adult mice was sufficient to cause a levodopa-responsive PD-like phenotype with reductions in mitochondrial gene expression and number, that partial deficiency of ERRγ hastens synuclein-mediated toxicity, and that ERRγ overexpression reduces inclusion load and delays synuclein-mediated cell loss. While ERRγ deletion did not fully recapitulate the transcriptional alterations observed in postmortem tissue, it caused reductions in genes involved in synaptic and mitochondrial function and autophagy. Altogether, these experiments suggest that ERRγ-deficient mice could provide a model for understanding the regulation of transcription in DAergic neurons and that amplifying ERRγ-mediated transcriptional programs should be considered as a strategy to promote DAergic maintenance in PD.
Semiconductor-ferromagnet-superconductor planar heterostructures for 1D topological superconductivity
Authors: Escribano Samuel D. , Maiani Andrea , Leijnse Martin , Flensberg Karsten , Oreg Yuval , Levy Yeyati Alfredo , Prada Elsa , Seoane Souto Rubén 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHybrid structures of semiconducting (SM) nanowires, epitaxially grown superconductors (SC), and ferromagnetic-insulator (FI) layers have been explored experimentally and theoretically as alternative platforms for topological superconductivity at zero magnetic field. Here, we analyze a tripartite SM/FI/SC heterostructure but realized in a planar stacking geometry, where the thin FI layer acts as a spin-polarized barrier between the SM and the SC. We optimize the system’s geometrical parameters using microscopic simulations, finding the range of FI thicknesses for which the hybrid system can be tuned into the topological regime. Within this range, and thanks to the vertical confinement provided by the stacking geometry, trivial and topological phases alternate regularly as the external gate is varied, displaying a hard topological gap that can reach half of the SC one. This is a significant improvement compared to setups using hexagonal nanowires, which show erratic topological regions with typically smaller and softer gaps. Our proposal provides a magnetic field-free planar design for quasi-one-dimensional topological superconductivity with attractive properties for experimental control and scalability.
Dispersionless orbital excitations in (Li,Fe)OHFeSe superconductors
Authors: Xiao Qian , Zhang Wenliang , Asmara Teguh Citra , Li Dong , Li Qizhi , Zhang Shilong , Tseng Yi , Dong Xiaoli , Wang Yao , Chen Cheng-Chien , Schmitt Thorsten , Peng Yingying 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe superconducting critical temperature Tc of intercalated iron-selenide superconductor (Li,Fe)OHFeSe (FeSe11111) can be increased to 42 from 8 K of bulk FeSe. It shows remarkably similar electronic properties as the high-Tc monolayer FeSe and provides a bulk counterpart to investigate the origin of enhanced superconductivity. Unraveling the nature of excitations is crucial for understanding the pairing mechanism in high-Tc iron selenides. Here we use resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) to investigate the excitations in FeSe11111. Our high-quality data exhibit several Raman-like excitations, which are dispersionless and isotropic in momentum transfer in both superconducting 28 K and 42 K samples. Using atomic multiplet calculations, we assign the low-energy ~0.3 and 0.7 eV Raman peaks as local eg − eg and eg − t2g orbital excitations. The intensity of these two features decreases with increasing temperature, suggesting a dominating contribution of the orbital fluctuations. Our results highlight the importance of the orbital degree of freedom for high-Tc iron selenides.
Targeted metabolomics reveals aberrant profiles of serum bile acids in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Qing Ying , Wang Pengkun , Cui Gaoping , Zhang Juan , Liang Kemei , Xia Zhong , Wang Peng , He Lin , Jia Wei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEmerging evidence indicates that bile acids (BAs), which are signaling molecules that regulate metabolism and inflammation, appear to be dysregulated in schizophrenia (SZ). Further investigation is warranted to comprehensively characterize BA profiles in SZ. To address this, we analyzed serum BA profiles in 108 drug-free patients with SZ and in 108 healthy controls (HCs), divided into a discovery set (n = 119) and a validation set (n = 97), using ultraperformance liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Forty serum BAs were detected and absolutely quantified using calibration curves. Global BA profiling showed differences in SZ and HC groups in both discovery and validation sets. The concentrations of chenodeoxycholic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid, 3β-chenodeoxycholic acid, 7-ketolithocholic acid, 3-dehydrocholic acid, total BAs, and unconjugated BAs were significantly lower in patients with SZ compared with HCs in the two sample sets. The BA deconjugation potentials by gut microbiota and the affinity index of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) were notably decreased in SZ patients compared to those of HCs. Conjugated BAs and BA deconjugation potentials differed in SZ patients with first versus recurrent episodes, although similar BA profiles were observed in both groups. In addition, a panel of 8 BA variables acted as a potential auxiliary diagnostic biomarker in discriminating SZ patients from HCs, with area under the curve values for receiver operating characteristic curves of 0.758 and 0.732 and for precision-recall curves of 0.750 and 0.714 in the discovery and validation sets, respectively. This study has provided compelling evidence of comprehensive characteristics of circulating BA metabolism in patients with SZ and promoted a deeper understanding of the role of BAs in the pathophysiology of this disease, possibly via the gut microbiota-FXR signaling pathway.
Simplifying complex fault data for systems-level analysis: Earthquake geology inputs for U.S. NSHM 2023
Authors: Hatem Alexandra E. , Collett Camille M. , Briggs Richard W. , Gold Ryan D. , Angster Stephen J. , Field Edward H. , Powers Peter M. ,   Earthquake Geology Working Group, Anderson Megan , Ben-Horin Jeri Young , Dawson Timothy , DeLong Stephen , DuRoss Christopher , Jobe Jessica Thompson , Kleber Emily , Knudsen Keith L. , Koehler Richard , Koning Daniel , Lifton Zachery , Madin Ian , Mauch James , Pearthree Phil , Pollitz Fred , Scharer Katherine , Sherrod Brian , Stickney Michael , Wittke Seth , Zachariasen Judith 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAs part of the U.S. National Seismic Hazard Model (NSHM) update planned for 2023, two databases were prepared to more completely represent Quaternary-active faulting across the western United States: the NSHM23 fault sections database (FSD) and earthquake geology database (EQGeoDB). In prior iterations of NSHM, fault sections were included only if a field-measurement-derived slip rate was estimated along a given fault. By expanding this inclusion criteria, we were able to assess a larger set of faults for use in NSHM23. The USGS Quaternary Fault and Fold Database served as a guide for assessing possible additions to the NSHM23 FSD. Reevaluating available data from published sources yielded an increase of fault sections from ~650 faults in NSHM18 to ~1,000 faults proposed for use in NSHM23. EQGeoDB, a companion dataset linked to NSHM23 FSD, contains geologic slip rate estimates for fault sections included in FSD. Together, these databases serve as common input data used in deformation modeling, earthquake rupture forecasting, and additional downstream uses in NSHM development.
Development of a novel anti-tuberculosis nanodelivery formulation using magnesium layered hydroxide as the nanocarrier and pyrazinamide as a model drug
Authors: Saifullah Bullo , Arulselvan Palanisamy , Fakurazi Sharida , Webster Thomas J. , Bullo Naeemullah , Hussein Mohd Zobir , El Zowalaty Mohamed E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDesigning and synthesizing biodegradable drug delivery systems are key research areas in biomedical nanotechnology. Here, we report the development of biodegradable magnesium-layered hydroxide (MgLH) based nanodelivery systems using magnesium oxide (MgO) as the precursor by a precipitation method. The designed nanocarrier does not contain any trivalent metal ions, which are most commonly used for the synthesis of layered double hydroxides (LDHs). The designed delivery system was characterized in detail using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analyses. The anti-tuberculosis (anti-TB) drug pyrazinamide (PZA) was successfully intercalated into interlayer galleries of MgLH, resulting in the formation of the nanocomposite, PZA-MgLH, having an average size of about 107 ± 24 nm with a uniform circular shape. The in vitro release of PZA in a human body simulated phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution was sustained (i.e., almost 66 h) and followed a pseudo-secondorder kinetic model. Moreover, the designed nanodelivery system was found to be highly biocompatible with human normal lung cells (MRC-5) and with 3T3 fibroblast cells as controls for 24 and 48 h. Lastly, the PZA-MgLH nanocomposite showed good anti-tuberculosis activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and both the PZA-MgLH nanocomposite and its released free drug PZA showed antibacterial activity against tested Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria with percentage inhibition ranging from 5.6% to 68% against S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa for the PZA free drug, and 32% to 32.5% against E. coli for the PZA-MgLH nanocomposite. In summary, the present results provide significant evidence that the designed nanodelivery system can be used for the delivery of PZA and, thus, should be investigated further for a wide range of anti-TB applications.
The role of the serum 25-OH vitamin D level on detecting prostate cancer in men with elevated prostate-specific antigen levels
Authors: Kim Min Hyuk , Yoo Sangjun , Choo Min Soo , Cho Min Chul , Son Hwancheol , Jeong Hyeon 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe aimed to determine whether vitamin D levels before prostate biopsy have diagnostic value for clinically significant prostate cancer. The study cohort included patients who underwent prostate biopsy. A total of 224 patients were enrolled in our study and serum vitamin D levels were measured from February 2016 to December 2019 in routine laboratory tests. To determine the relationship between vitamin D levels and aggressiveness of prostate cancer, we used logistic multivariate analysis. Based on the histopathological results of patients who underwent radical prostatectomy, the serum vitamin D level was significantly lower with the large tumor volume group. In the univariate analysis, the prostate cancer diagnosis rate was associated with low vitamin D levels. Low vitamin D level is negatively correlated with clinically significant prostate cancer (biopsy Gleason score of 7 or higher) in the univariate (Odds ratio [OR], 0.955; P < 0.001) and multivariate (OR, 0.944; P = 0.027) analyses. In conclusion, we found that the incidence of clinically significant prostate cancer might related to low vitamin D level in the Asian population. In the future, a larger population and prospective study are needed.