bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shifts in fish community composition and structure linked to seasonality in a tropical river
Authors: Duarte Cleber , Antão Laura H. , Magurran Anne E. , de Deus Cláudia P. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

The seasonality of tropical rivers, induced mainly by water level changes, shapes many interrelated aspects of ecological communities and the populations they contain, including animal movement, feeding, growth, and reproductive activity. However, the role played by seasonality in structuring the diversity of tropical assemblages is not yet fully understood.

We examined the effects of seasonality on community structure and composition of benthic fish assemblages comparing two consecutive receding and rising water seasons in a major tributary of the Amazon basin. We quantified seasonal shifts in species abundance distributions and in composition using a multivariate dispersion test, total β diversity and its decomposition into local (LCBD) and species contribution to β diversity (SCBD). Additionally, we tested for relationships between LCBD values and richness, total abundance, and environmental variables.

Many benthic fish species were rare in terms of numerical abundance. Rarity was most pronounced in the rising seasons, which had a higher proportion of singletons. A logseries was the best‐fit model for both the receding and one of the rising season's species abundance distributions, while a lognormal was selected for the second rising season. We detected variation in species composition between seasons—the rising seasons were distinct from one another in terms of species composition, as well as differing from the receding seasons. LCBD showed strong negative relationships with species richness and total abundance, particularly in the rising seasons, indicating that seasons with high uniqueness in their composition also had low richness and abundance. LCBD was negatively correlated with temperature, while depth presented a positive relationship, as observed mainly in rising seasons with colder temperatures and greater water depth. Approximately one third of the species had higher than average SCBD values and were considered major contributors to β diversity.

These significant seasonal differences in both species relative abundances and assemblage composition might be explained by the asymmetrical spatial use of habitats during different seasons, strongly suggesting the importance of the flood–pulse cycle for maintaining diversity in this environment.

Studies that seek to identify the species inhabiting a particular environment (e.g. bottom rivers habitats) and the factors that affect the dynamics, structure and composition of these communities are fundamental for future management and conservation. This is particularly urgent for understudied tropical freshwater ecosystems, as human pressures including anthropogenic climate change are expected to become increasingly severe. Rising temperatures and changing precipitation patterns modify water temperature and flow regimes, thus affecting the hydrologic regime that determines the structure and dynamics of the ecological communities, with potential consequences for their integrity.
Upconversion thermal enhancement of 2H11/2→4I15/2 of Er3+ and blue emission of impurity Tm3+ in Sr3(PO4)2:Er3+/Yb3+
Authors: Cui Hongqiang , Cao Yongze , Li Ying , Li Lei , Zhang Yuhang , Li Guojian , Wang Yichao , Li Xiangping , Chen Baojiu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA series of Sr2.99‐x(PO4)2:.01Er3+/xYb3+ (x = .02, .04, .06, .08, .10) phosphors in the presence of impurity Tm3+ were synthesized by high temperature solid‐state method, and X‐ray diffraction results show that these samples are pure R‐3 m(166) space group phase. The upconversion luminescence (UCL) of Er3+ and impurity Tm3+ under 980‐nm laser excitation were investigated, and the results show that the intense blue UCL of impurity Tm3+ and thermal enhancement of 2H11/2→4I15/2 of Er3+ simultaneously exist. When Er3+ doping concentration is kept at .01, both the blue UCL intensity of impurity Tm3+ and green and red UCL intensity of Er3+ reach the maximum at Yb3+ doping concentration of .08. The thermal enhancement effect of 2H11/2→4I15/2 of Er3+ was observed as high as 3.27 times from 303 to 723 K, which is because of lattice distortion and phonon‐assisted transition. In addition, the optical temperature performance of Sr2.91(PO4)2:.01Er3+/.08Yb3+ sample was studied, and the maximum absolute temperature sensitivity was calculated as .00623 K−1 at 538 K. This study suggests that Sr3(PO4)2:Er3+/Yb3+ phosphors in the presence of impurity Tm3+ have a promising application prospect as optical temperature sensor at high temperature.
Literature review of international empirical research on transfer of vocational education and training
Authors: Toepper Miriam , Zlatkin‐Troitschanskaia Olga , Kühling‐Thees Carla 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAlthough the practice of transferring vocational education and training (VET) structures internationally has a long tradition, there is still a lack of systematic research in this field. The various theoretical models and empirical approaches applied to analyse the transfer of the internationally very heterogeneous VET systems result in a strong fragmentation of the research landscape. Hence, consolidation and synthesizing efforts in international VET transfer research are required. This study focuses on the empirical research on VET transfer, analysing the impact and the evidential quality of the study results, and their significance. In this systematic literature review, a total of 231 relevant studies were found and of these, 26 studies were selected for full‐text analysis based on predefined criteria. These empirical studies were analysed in a two‐step procedure. First, the studies were classified into predefined superordinate categories (e.g., year, research objective, method, sample, participating countries, central result). Second, they were analysed in more depth following an integrative framework based on a research pyramid model and a model for assessing the quality of qualitative research. This critical twofold analysis of the current relevant literature indicates that there is extensive research on international VET transfer. So far, this field of research is characterized by case studies with predominantly qualitative designs and analysis methods. More methodological diversity, which includes longitudinal studies and comparative analyses, is important to this field to provide more well‐founded research outcomes in the future. These, in turn, could provide practical and political actors with an evidence‐based foundation for their decision‐making. By identifying the specific strengths and shortcomings of the empirical research on VET transfer, we reveal central desiderata and derive recommendations on how to strengthen future research and evidence‐based VET practice.
An empirical analysis of the constructs of Fundamentals of Care Framework using structural equation modelling
Authors: Blackman Ian , Mudd Alexandra 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimFirst, to identify which aspects of missed care accurately define the integration of care and context of care dimensions of the Fundamentals of Care Framework. Second, to test the Framework for validity and reliability and lastly, to explore how leadership influences care integration.DesignA non‐experimental research design using self‐audit data collected information about variations in nursing care as exemplars for dimensions of the Framework.MethodsA multi‐variate approach using path analysis was used to apply the consensus scores of 3079 Australian residential care nurses and carers to define the dimensions of the Framework.Results/FindingsIn the Australian residential care setting, the factors that define both the contexts of care and the integration of care dimensions constructs are now empirically established. The most direct predictor for the integration of care dimension arises from both the leadership and resource allocation variables, while the remaining context of care factors have indirect but significant effects. The integration of psychosocial care in the residential care sector is not influenced by any of the Framework's context‐based factors.ConclusionThe component variables of the Framework show both good reliability and convergent validity. These findings confirm a predictive relationship exists between the elements of the context of care and the different types of nursing activities that form the integration of the care dimension, including organizational leadership.
Process mining the trajectories for adolescent‐to‐mother violence from longitudinal police and health service data
Authors: Peck Allison , Provost Steve , East Leah , Hutchinson Marie 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimThe aim was to discover longitudinal trajectories and patterns of events preceding adolescent‐to‐mother family violence in a geographic locale in Australia.DesignThis was a retrospective case series.MethodsRoutinely collected administrative data were sourced and linked from police and health service electronic records for adolescents born between 1994 and 2006 who had been issued a legal action for a family violence‐related offence (n = 775). A time‐stamped log of events from birth (where available) was created. Process mining was employed to discover dominant events and trajectories in the log from birth until adolescents' first recorded offence against their mother.Results/FindingsMost adolescents in the case series offended against mothers (63%, n = 486). Trajectory analysis confirmed dominant early childhood events were repeated exposure to parental intimate partner violence (P‐IPV), parental drug and/or alcohol use and neglect. During early adolescence, pathways towards adolescent‐to‐mother violence involved other offending, drug and/or alcohol use and mental health service contact.ConclusionThe trajectories evidenced provide a complex picture of the emergence of adolescent‐to‐mother violence. From an early intervention perspective, it was found that many children and mothers were identifiable from police records in early childhood, at an average age of 35 months. Responses to adolescent family violence need to acknowledge the impact of childhood trauma and emerging mental health problems, along with strategies to mitigate the effect of P‐IPV on mother‐to‐child relationships.ImpactThis is the first large‐scale study to specifically examine trajectories from birth for adolescents who engage in violence towards mothers. The findings have important implications for the design and delivery of early intervention childhood services and interagency collaboration in nursing and midwifery services. In early adolescence, contact with mental health services represents an opportunity for screening and support interventions. This is an important preventive timepoint for family violence, adolescent drug and alcohol use and other offences.
Didn't put a label on it: Examining intimate partner strangulation within a diagnostic framework
Authors: Patch Michelle , Anderson Jocelyn C. , Alexander Kamila A. , Somoano Frank A. , Kelen Gabor , Holbrook Debra S. , Campbell Jacquelyn C. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimsThe aim was to examine and describe women's emergency department visits and care‐seeking experiences, including recognition, evaluation and communication of symptoms, injuries and health risks after non‐fatal intimate partner strangulation.DesignUsing a diagnostic process framework, this mixed‐methods study explores concordance and discordance of interview and medical records data to highlight opportunities for clinical diagnostic improvement.MethodsIn‐depth, semi‐structured interviews with women after an emergency department visit for non‐fatal intimate partner strangulation, concurrent with medical records reviews, were conducted between March 2018 and January 2019. A constant comparative approach was used to analyse interview and medical record data using an a priori codebook designed based on the National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine's conceptual model of the diagnostic process and prior intimate partner violence research.ResultsInterviews reflected participants did not have a sense of long‐term health risks from their strangulation beyond addressing emotional trauma. Women noted that forensic and emergency nursing support was treatment in and of itself that allowed them to be heard and validated. Medical record clinical impressions and final diagnoses included domestic violence, domestic abuse or sexual assault, but not specifically strangulation.ConclusionThis study contributes to the growing literature regarding strangulation diagnosis and care. Our findings provide new details of women's emergency department care‐seeking experiences which, whilst overall aligned with medical records documentation, were not reflected in final diagnostic impressions nor in patient recollection of long‐term health risks.ImpactNurses are strongly positioned as clinical practice leaders and policy advocates to improve collective responses to this dangerous violence mechanism. Actions such as improving patient education, referral and follow‐up options to better communication and address long‐term strangulation risk are one example. Further research on non‐fatal intimate partner strangulation and care‐seeking is warranted to expand this knowledge, particularly in longitudinal cohorts and varied geographical areas.
Combining multiaspect factors to predict the risk of childhood hypertension incidence
Authors: Tong Jishuang , An Xizhou , Zhao Li , Qu Ping , Tang Xian , Chen Min , Liang Xiaohua 
Published: July 2022

AbstractChildhood hypertension has become a global public health issue due to its increasing prevalence and association with cerebral‐cardiovascular disease in adults. In this study, we developed a predictive model for childhood hypertension based on environmental and genetic factors to identify at‐risk individuals. Eighty children diagnosed with childhood hypertension and 84 children in the control group matched by sex and age from an established cohort were included in a nested case–control study. We constructed a multiple logistic regression model to analyze the factors associated with hypertension and applied the 10‐fold cross‐validation method to verify the prediction stability of the model. Childhood hypertension was found positively correlated with triglyceride level ≥150 mg/dL; low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol level ≥110 mg/dL; body mass index Z score; waist‐to‐height ratio Z score; and red blood cell count (all P < .01) and negatively correlated with the relative expression level of retinol acyltransferase; relative expression level of vitamin D receptor; and dietary intake of fiber, vitamin C and copper (all P < .05) in this study. BMI Z score, triglyceride ≥150 mg/dL, RBC count, VDR/β‐actin and LRAT/β‐actin ratios were used to construct the predictive model. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 94.45% (95% CI = 89.35%∼98.65%, P < .001). The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were all above 80% in both the training and validation sets. In conclusion, this model can predict the risk of childhood hypertension and could provide a theoretical basis for early prevention and intervention to improve the cardiovascular health of children.
Effects of oyster mushroom addition on quality characteristics of full fat soy‐based analog burger patty by extrusion process
Authors: Cho Sun Young , Ryu Gi Hyung 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe effects of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) addition on quality characteristics of full fat soy (FFS) and isolated soy protein (ISP)‐based analog burger patties by extrusion process were compared and investigated. Oyster mushroom added to the base mixtures (FFS and ISP) as different levels (0%, 4%, 8%, and 12%), which were texturized by using the twin‐screw extruder equipped with cooling die. After extrusion cooking, in comparison on meat analogs and its analog burger patty, ISP‐based meat analog had the higher textural properties including hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, and chewiness than FFS‐based meat analog. Textural properties of ISP‐based meat analog consistently also increased with the increase in oyster mushroom contents (p < .05), while FFS‐based meat analog had the inconstant patterns in the springiness and cohesiveness, and it obtained the higher cutting strength than ISP‐based. In contrast, in its analog burger patty, the consistent patterns exhibited in all the FFS‐based. Moreover, FFS‐based had the higher textural properties (p < .05) with cutting strength than ISP‐based burger patty. The highest water holding capacity, cooking properties, and organoleptic properties were also observed in FFS‐based analog burger patty with 12% oyster mushroom content except meat patty. Overall, this study suggested that the addition of the oyster mushroom into the analog burger patties improved the overall quality, and FFS could be possible to potential alternative of soy material for analog burger patty.Practical ApplicationsPlant‐proteins for analog burger patty are the high cost and required with several steps for purifying process. In addition, meat analog commonly exhibits the weak texture, and almost tasteless, which has resulted in the use of excessive seasoning, flavoring, adding the binding agent. Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) has played an important role as additive which could enhance the texture and organoleptic quality of analog burger patty by using the high moisture extrusion technology. This work demonstrated that addition of oyster mushroom into the full fat soy‐based formation that has health benefits, cost effectiveness and environmentally friendly could offer the high‐quality burger patty to the consumers who might have concern of negative issues on meat as well as vegetarian.
Multidisciplinary and neuroimaging findings in preterm born very low birthweight individuals from birth to 28 years of age: A systematic review of a Norwegian prospective cohort study
Authors: Evensen Kari Anne I. , Aakvik Kristina Anna Djupvik , Hollund Ingrid Marie Husby , Skranes Jon , Brubakk Ann‐Mari , Indredavik Marit S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundChildren born preterm with very low birthweight (VLBW) face long‐lasting neurodevelopmental challenges, where multidisciplinary assessments are warranted. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) provides a framework for understanding and conceptualising these outcomes.ObjectivesWe aimed to review clinical and neuroimaging findings from birth to adulthood in a Norwegian cohort of individuals born preterm with VLBW (gestational age <37 weeks, birthweight ≤1500 g) within the framework of ICF.Data SourcesWe searched PubMed and Embase for articles reporting results of the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Low Birth Weight in a Lifetime Perspective study.Study Selection and Data ExtractionWe included original articles reporting proportions of adverse outcomes, mean group differences, risk factors or associations between outcomes. Data were extracted according to ICF's two‐level classification. Body functions and structures comprised outcomes of brain structures, cognition, mental health, vision, pain and physical health. Activities and participation comprised motor skills, general and social functioning, education, employment, and health‐related quality of life.SynthesisWe performed a qualitative synthesis of included articles. Where mean (SD) was reported, we calculated group differences in SD units.ResultsFifty‐eight publications were included. Within body functions and structures, increased prevalence of brain structure pathology, lower cognitive performance, mental health problems, visual and physical health impairments through childhood, adolescence and young adulthood were reported among preterm VLBW participants compared with controls. Within activities and participation, motor problems, lower general and social functioning, and lower academic attainment were found. Perinatal factors were associated with several outcomes, and longitudinal findings suggested persistent consequences of being born preterm with VLBW.ConclusionsBeing born preterm with VLBW has long‐term influences on body functions and structures, activities and participation. The ICF is appropriate for assessing general domains of functioning and guiding the management of individuals born preterm with VLBW.
Effects of dietary boron supplementation on the testicular function and thyroid activity in male goats: Involvement of CYP17A1 gene
Authors: Abdel‐Wahab Ahmed , Ibrahim Shawky S. , El‐Anwar Ahmed H. , Mabrook Eid A. , Ibrahim Taha B. , Abdel‐Razik Abdel‐Razik H. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe physiological effects of dietary boron (B) supplementation for farm animals specifically goat on male fertility are still scarce and need deep investigation. Thus, the current study was designed to investigate how adding B to the diet of male goats affected their testicular and thyroid activity. For that purpose, twelve male goats were divided randomly into two groups (six animals each); control group that was fed the basal diet and B group that was fed the basal diet containing 70 mg B/kg diet for 6 months. Serum samples were collected at different intervals, while testicular biopsies were obtained at the end of the experiment. The results showed that 6 months of dietary B supplementation resulted in a significant increment in serum B concentration. The results of repeated measure analysis showed that there were significant GROUP and TIME × GROUP interactions effects on blood testosterone levels (F = 119.408, p = .000 and F = 6.794, p = .013, respectively), demonstrating that compared with control, B supplementation caused a significant rise in serum testosterone levels over time. However, the mean animal body weights and the serum levels of triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) were kept comparable with the control ones at the different time points. The most striking finding is that B supplementation increased significantly the mRNA expression of the CYP17A1 which is essential for steroidogenesis (p < .001). In addition, a histological examination of testicular tissue corroborated our findings and demonstrated that B supplementation had a positive effect. As a result, B might be considered an excellent food supplement that could be safely added to the male goats' diet at the current dose to improve their reproductive capacity.