bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lead federated neuromorphic learning for edge artificial intelligence
Authors: Yang Helin , Lam Kwok-Yan , Xiao Liang , Xiong Zehui , Hu Hao , Niyato Dusit , Poor Vincent 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Despite the great potential of edge artificial intelligence (AI) which is the convergence of edge computing and AI, it acquires sufficiently large/diverse datasets and requires high energy consumption for model training on resource-constrained edge devices, hence hindering the application of edge AI at edge devices. This paper proposes a lead federated neuromorphic learning (LFNL) technique, which is a decentralized energy-efficient brain-inspired computing method, enabling edge devices to collaboratively train a global model while preserving privacy. Experimental results validate that LFNL substantially reduces the data traffic by >3.5× and computational latency by >2.0× compared to centralized learning, with a comparable classification accuracy, as well as significantly outperforms local learning with uneven dataset distribution among edge devices. Meanwhile, LFNL significantly reduces the energy consumption by >4.5× compared to standard federated learning with a slight accuracy loss up to 1.5%. Therefore, the newly proposed LFNL can facilitate the development of brain-inspired computing and edge AI.
Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes and Associated Factors Among Tuberculosis Patients in Bule Hora General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia, 2021: Retrospective Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Galgalo Dawit 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background

In Ethiopia tuberculosis is the leading causes of morbidity, the incidence of all forms of TB in the Ethiopia was 379/100000 population which is the second on the Africa continent. There are high discrepancies in the result of treatment outcome being reported from the different region of the country with frequent poor treatment outcomes particularly from the southern Ethiopia. Thus, this study aims to assess tuberculosis treatment outcomes and associated factors among tuberculosis patients in Bule Hora general hospital, southern Ethiopia
Methods

Facility based retrospective cross-sectional document review of 349 patients was conducted to assess the TB treatment outcome and associated factors for TB patients’ document registration. Data was entered into the computer using Epi-data software version 3.2 and exported to SPSS software version 22 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate analysis with 95% confidence intervals were employed to infer associations between the independent and dependent variables.
Result

The documents of 349 tuberculosis patients were reviewed. Among this patients, 87.9% were successfully treated whereas 12.1% of the patients were unsuccessfully treated. From this, 53.4% and 34.5% patients were cured and completed the treatment, respectively, whereas 3.7%, 5.8%, and 2.6% patients were died, treatment failure, and defaulted, respectively during the follow-up. The tuberculosis patients who were screed positive for HIV/AIDS were 86% less likely to had a successful TB treatment outcome than HIV/AID negative patients.
Conclusion

The TB treatment outcome for the present study was 87.9%, which was lower than national achievement in 2017 (96%) and global target (>=90%) which required improvement. The higher unsuccessful TB treatment outcomes among HIV positive patients suggests the need to strengthen adherence education and supervision.
Functionalization of Two-Dimensional Coordination Polymer in Small Organic Matters Removal from Organic Wastewater
Authors: Fauzi Billy Oktora Abdilah , Kondo Mitsuru , Elzagheid Mohamed I. , Rhyman Lydia , Ramasami Ponnadurai 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Multicobalt(II) two-dimensional layer coordination polymer {[Co(bitbu-OMe)2(NCS)2]·2MeOH}n (1) was synthesized using a bis-imidazole ligand having a steric hindrance, tert-butyl, and one methoxy group expressed by bitbu-OMe (bitbu-OMe = 1,1’-[(5-tert-butyl-2-methoxybenzene-1,3-diyl)dimethanediyl]bis(1H-imidazole). Since there are two methanol molecules trapped inside each void within 1, the investigation of small organic matters removal from organic wastewater was conducted in order to reveal its ability in the purification process. The research findings indicate that 1 has the ability to capture methanol, acetone, acetonitrile, and tetrahydrofuran in organic wastewater with removal ratios of 29.17%, 63.22%, 42.77%, and 21.24%, respectively.
Expression and prognostic value of CD80 and CD86 in the tumor microenvironment of newly diagnosed glioblastoma
Authors: Ahmed Mohammed , Hernández-Verdin Isaias , Verreault Maite , Bielle Franck , Lerond Julie , Alentorn Agusti , Sanson Marc , Idbaih Ahmed 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background Strategies to modulate the tumor microenvironment (TME) have opened new therapeutic avenues with dramatic yet heterogeneous intertumoral efficacy in multiple cancers, including glioblastomas. Therefore, investigating molecular actors of TME may help understand the interactions between tumor cells and TME. Immune checkpoint proteins such as a Cluster of Differentiation 80 (CD80) and CD86 are expressed on the surface of tumor cells and infiltrative tumor lymphocytes. However, their expression and prognostic value in glioblastoma (GBM) microenvironment is still unclear. Methods In this study, we investigated, in a retrospective local discovery cohort and a validation TCGA dataset, expression of CD80 and CD86 at mRNA level and their prognostic significance in response to standard of care. Furthermore, CD80 and CD86 at the protein level were investigated in the discovery cohort. Results Both CD80 and CD86 are expressed heterogeneously in the TME at mRNA and protein levels. In a univariate analysis, the mRNA expression of CD80 and CD86 was not significantly correlated with OS in both local OncoNeuroTech dataset (ONT) and TCGA datasets. CD80 and CD86 mRNA high expression was significantly associated with shorter PFS (p<0.05). These findings were validated using the TCGA cohort; higher CD80 and CD86 expressions were correlated with shorter PFS (p<0.05). In multivariate analysis, CD86 mRNA expression was an independent prognostic factor for PFS in the TCGA dataset only (p<0.05). Conclusion CD86 could be used as a potential biomarker for the prognosis of GBM patients treated with immunotherapy however additional studies are needed to validate these findings.
Unsteady friction model modified with compression–expansion effects in transient pipe flow
Authors: Cao Z. , Wang Z. , Deng J. , Guo X. , Lu L. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This paper aims to modify the conventional one-coefficient instantaneous acceleration-based (IAB) model for better prediction of unsteady friction behavior. In this work, the energy dissipation caused by viscous stress during fluid volume compression–expansion (CE) was derived from the compressible Navier–Stokes equation. It is found that the energy dissipation term can be expressed by the product of the second-order partial derivative of velocity in space and the second viscosity coefficient. On this basis, a modified IAB-CE model was developed with the energy dissipation term and solved by the method of characteristic (MOC). The numerical results obtained from the modified model showed a good agreement with the four test cases, where the relative errors are improved by 0.26, 2.03, 9.56, and 36.67%, compared with the results from the original IAB model. The estimation for wave peak and valley is improved as well. Furthermore, the Bradley equation can be applied to establish the relationship between the dissipation coefficient and the Reynolds number. The modified model developed in this study takes into account the fluid CE effects and improves the prediction accuracy of wave amplitude of unsteady flow.
Bacopa monnieri for Disorders Affecting Brain: Current Perspectives
Authors: Vinod Adithya , Sathianarayanan Sankaran , Babu Anju Elizabath , Sadanandan Prashant , Venu Athira Kaipuzha , Venkidasamy Baskar 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
Bacopa monnieri (BM) is of immense therapeutic potential in today’s world. This review
is aimed to project the beneficial role of BM in disorders affecting the brain, including Alzheimer’s
disease, Parkinson’s disease, stroke, epilepsy, and depression. The active constituents and metabolites
responsible for the effects of BM could be bacoside A and B, bacopaside I and II, bacopasaponin C,
betulinic acid, asiatic acid, loliolide, ebelin lactone, and quercetin. The mechanistic role of BM in
brain disorders might be related to its ability to modulate neurotransmission, neurogenesis, neuronal/
glial plasticity, intracellular signaling, epigenetics, cerebral blood flow, energy metabolism,
protein folding, endoplasmic reticulum stress, neuroendocrine system, oxidative stress, inflammation,
and apoptosis. We have also discussed CDRI-08, clinical trials, safety, emerging formulation technologies,
as well as BM combinations, and dietary supplements. To propel the clinical translation of
BM in disorders affecting the brain, strategies to improve brain delivery via novel formulations and
integration of the preclinical findings into large and well-defined clinical trials, in appropriate age
groups and sex, specifically in the patient population against existing medications as well as placebo,
are essentially required.
Recent Trends in Applications of Nanofluids for Effective Utilization of Solar Energy
Authors: Sonawane Shriram S. , Thakur Parag P. , Mohammed Hussein A. 
Published: January 2022

:Renewable-energy sources have been explored recently by scientists to fulfill the global energy demand. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), by 2040, wind and solar power will be the star performers for energy conservation. The annual potential energy received from the sun ranges from 1,575 to 49,800 exajoules (EJ). However, this energy is not being utilized to its potential. Recently, researchers have proven that nanofluids can be used as a working fluid replacing the conventional working fluid for solar collectors and other heat exchange operations. The selection of the nanofluid is not only based on the size and shape of nanoparticles but the pH value and stability of nanofluids are also important parameters.:This review paper is mainly focused on the recent trends in nanofluids applications for the capture, conservation, and utilization of solar energy. The present paper reviews the detailed analysis of various forces affecting the nanofluid system and also highlights the important aspects to reduce the frictional energy losses, exergy destruction, entropy generation, effect of the flow properties, and thermo-physical properties of the nanofluids, and other reasons for wastage of the exergy. This study also compares the performance of the direct absorption solar panel, flat plate solar panel, parabolic solar collector, photovoltaic thermal solar collector, linear Fresnel solar collector, solar dish, and evacuated type solar collector.:Among these solar collectors, direct absorption solar collectors, flat plate solar collectors, photovoltaic solar collectors, and evacuated type solar collectors are more commonly used solar collectors; thus, the exergy and energy analyses of these collectors are important for their design and application. Stability issues and agglomeration problems are still some major concerns involved in the application of nanofluids. However, the use of nanofluid increases the performance of the solar collector compared to the base fluid as a working fluid. This paper also highlights the recent trends in the application of nanofluids in solar collectors.
An Outline of Contributing Vaccine Technologies for SARS CoV2
Advancing in Clinical and Preclinical Phase-Trials
Authors: Naz Sheikh Saba , Munir Iqra 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS--
CoV-2) is an RNA virus involving 4 structural and 16 non-structural proteins and exhibiting
high transmission potential and fatality. The emergence of this newly encountered beta
coronavirus-SARS-CoV-2 has caused over 2 million deaths, and more than 10 billion
people got infected across the globe as yet. Consequently, the global scientific community
has contributed to synthesizing and designing effective immunization technologies to
combat this virus.

Objectives:
This literature review intended to gather an update on published reports of
the vaccines advancing in the clinical trial phases or pre-clinical trials to summarize the
foundations and implications of contributing vaccine candidates inferring their impact on
the pandemic repression. In addition, this literature review distinctly provides an outline
of the overall vaccine effectiveness at current doses.

Methods:
The reported data in this review were extracted from research articles, review
articles, and patents published from January 2020 to July 2021, available on Google
Scholar, Pubmed, Pubmed Central, Research Gate, and ScienceDirect by using a combination
of keywords. Moreover, some information was retrieved from the web pages of
vaccine manufacturing companies due to progressing research and the unavailability of
published research papers.

Conclusion:
Contributing vaccine technologies include RNA (Ribonucleic acid)
vaccines, DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) vaccines, viral vector vaccines, protein-based
vaccines, inactivated vaccines, viruses-like particles, protein superglue, and live-attenuated
vaccines. Some vaccines are prepared by establishing bacterial and yeast cell lines and
self-assembling adenovirus-derived multimeric protein-based self-assembling nanoparticles
(ADDOmer). On May 19th, WHO has issued an emergency use sanction of Moderna,
Pfizer, Sinopharm, AstraZeneca, and Covishield vaccine candidates on account of clinical
credibility from experimental data.
Relevansi tokoh Yusuf dengan karakter pemimpin demokratis: Kajian filologi Serat Yusuf
Authors: Istantiani Meinita , Utami Respati Retno 
Published: January 2022

Artikel dengan judul Relevansi Tokoh Yusuf dengan Karakter Pemimpin Demokratis:Kajian Filologi Serat Yusuf bertujuan untuk menggali lebih dalam sosok Nabi Yusuf dan relevansinya dengan karakter pemimpin demokratis. Karakter yang dimiliki Nabi Yusuf dapat dijadikan suri tauladan sosok pemimpin demokratis. Dilihat dari jenisnya, penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian filologi mengingat sumber utamanya yaitu Serat Yusuf dengan huruf Arab Pegon. Penelitian ini juga didukung oleh sumber literatur lain yang berfungsi untuk mendukung dan mempertajam penelitian. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah metode filologi dan kepustakaan. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori strukturalisme genetik. Strukturalisme genetik merupakan teori yang mengaitkan karya sastra dengan fakta sosial serta pandangan dunia. Teknik analisis data dilakukan secara kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwasanya tokoh Yusuf memiliki karakter yang selaras dengan karakter pemimpin demokratis. Karakter yang dimiliki oleh Nabi Yusuf diantaranya jujur, taat beragama, sabar, teguh, rela berkorban, pemaaf, berserah diri, dan adil. Apabila pemimpin generasi sekarang mampu meneladani dan menginternalisasi karakter Nabi Yusuf, maka akan tercipta sosok-sosok pemimpin demokratis di negeri ini. Kata kunci: Karakter, Yusuf, Pemimpin Demokratis
MENYAMBUT ERA KEBANGKITAN AGAMA
Authors: Ahnaf Mohammad Iqbal 
Published: January 2022

Peran agama dalam kehidupan politik, baik di tingkat nasional atau internasional nampaknya semakin tak terbantahkan. Buku ini menyajikan argumen dan fakta yang menunjukkan transformasi ini. Klaim ini sebenarnya bukanlah hal baru. Sebelumnya tidak sedikit karya ilmiah yang menunjukkan apa yang disebut dengan gejala era kebangkitan agama (the ressurgence of religon). Revisi terhadap teori sekalerisasi yang datang dari salah satu pendukung utama teori, yaitu Peter L. Berger. Pada tahun 1998 ia mengeluarkan buku berjudul The Desecularization of the World: A Global Overview (1999) yang dimaksudkan untuk merevisi teori dia sebelumnya bahwa seiring modernisasi agama akan semakin kehilangan relevansi. Keyakinan terhadap Tuhan akan digeser olah rasio yang dapat menjelaskan banyak hal yang selama ini dipahami melalui narasi keagamaan.
KONSTRUKSI NASIONALISME DALAM NOVEL-NOVEL INDONESIA PRAKEMERDEKAAN (STUDENT HIJO DAN SALAH ASUHAN )
Authors: Wiyatmi Wiyatmi 
Published: January 2022

This paper aims to discuss construction of nationalism contained in Indonesian novels preindependence, especially Student Hijo and Salah Asuhan using perspective hegemony Gramsci’s theory. The analysis showed that both the novel construct of ideology of nationalism against colonialism in the Dutch colonial era. Both novels also showed his duties as a battle field of ideology of nationalism against colonialism.
Potential Effects of Elimination of the Black Race Coefficient in eGFR Calculations in the CREDENCE Trial
Authors: Charytan David M. , Yu Jie , Jardine Meg J. , Cannon Christopher P. , Agarwal Rajiv , Bakris George , Greene Tom , Levin Adeera , Pollock Carol , Powe Neil R. , Arnott Clare , Mahaffey Kenneth W. 
Published: January 2022

Background and objectives
The effect of including race in the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation on screening, recruitment, and outcomes of clinical trials is unclear.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
The inclusion and outcomes of participants in the Canagliflozin and Renal Events in Diabetes with Established Nephropathy Clinical Evaluation (CREDENCE) trial, which randomized individuals with type 2 diabetes and CKD to canagliflozin or placebo, were evaluated after calculating eGFR using the 2009 CKD-EPI creatinine equation with and without a race-specific coefficient or the 2021 CKD-EPI creatinine equation. Treatment effects were estimated using proportional hazards models and piecewise linear mixed effects models for eGFR slope.

Results
Of 4401 randomized participants, 2931 (67%) were White participants, 224 (5%) were Black participants, 877 (20%) were Asian participants, and 369 (8%) participants were other race. Among randomized participants, recalculation of screening eGFR using the 2009 equation without a race-specific coefficient had no effect on the likelihood of non-Black participants meeting inclusion criteria but would have excluded 22 (10%) randomized Black participants for eGFR<30 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Recalculation with the 2021 equation would have excluded eight (4%) Black participants for low eGFR and one (0.4%) Black participant for eGFR≥90 ml/min per 1.73 m2, whereas 30 (0.7%) and 300 (7%) non-Black participants would have been excluded for low and high eGFR, respectively. A high proportion (eight of 22; 36%) of end points in Black participants occurred in individuals who would have been excluded following recalculation using the race-free 2009 equation but not when recalculated with the 2021 equation (one of eight; 13%). Cardiovascular and kidney treatment effects remained consistent across eGFR categories following recalculation with either equation. Changes in estimated treatment effects on eGFR slope were modest but were qualitatively larger following recalculation using the 2021 equation. However, the effect of canagliflozin on chronic change in eGFR was attenuated by 7% among Black participants and increased 6% in non-Black participants.

Conclusions
In the CREDENCE trial, eGFR recalculation without the race-specific coefficient had small but potentially important effects on event rates and the relative proportion of Black participants without substantially changing efficacy estimates.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:
Canagliflozin and Renal Events in Diabetes with Established Nephropathy Clinical Evaluation (CREDENCE), NCT02065791
The Tip and Torque adjustable bracket as a new concept in design:
Authors: Johal Ama , Bourauel Christoph , Moghanchi Samir , Dickerson Terry , Gaudin Paul , Elliott Emma Louise 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To test a new concept in bracket design—the tip and torque adjustable bracket (TTAB)—to identify its integral ability to change both tip and torque.

Materials and Methods
The newly designed TTAB underwent independent testing using the orthodontic measurement and simulation system. The TTAB incorporated Roth tip and torque prescription values, with the unique quality of the bracket to enhance or reduce the innate prescribed values of tip (by either +10° or −10°) and torque (by either +7.5° or −7.5°). The TTAB was tested using both the incorporated standard Roth prescription on the rate of canine retraction (sliding mechanics), using 0.018-inch stainless-steel (SS) arch wire, and with alteration of tip values (−10° and +10°). Similarly, frictional measurements and torque evaluations using 0.019 × 0.025-inch SS arch wire were undertaken with the standard prescription and altered torque (+7.5° and −7.5°). In addition, a number of control investigations were performed. Differences were analyzed using analysis of variance.

Results
The rate of observed tooth movement for the TTAB with its prescribed baseline values was comparable to that of the control brackets. Importantly, the alteration of TTAB tip to −10° and +10° significantly (P &lt; .001) increased and reduced, respectively, the rates of canine retraction. In the alteration of torque, at +7.5° and −7.5°, the bracket delivered a moment of +9.3 (2.8) Nmm and −11.9 (3.8) Nmm, respectively, to the lateral incisor (P &lt; .001).

Conclusions
This in vitro study demonstrates a new concept in preadjusted edgewise bracket design, offering adjustable tip and torque, with the potential for expanded clinical scope.
Heterogeneity of DKA Incidence and Age-Specific Clinical Characteristics in Children Diagnosed With Type 1 Diabetes in the TEDDY Study
Authors: Jacobsen Laura M. , Vehik Kendra , Veijola Riitta , Warncke Katharina , Toppari Jorma , Steck Andrea K. , Gesualdo Patricia , Akolkar Beena , Lundgren Markus , Hagopian William A. , She Jin-Xiong , Rewers Marian , Ziegler Anette-G. , Krischer Jeffrey P. , Larsson Helena Elding , Haller Michael J. ,   the TEDDY Study Group
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE
The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study is uniquely capable of investigating age-specific differences associated with type 1 diabetes. Because age is a primary driver of heterogeneity in type 1 diabetes, we sought to characterize by age metabolic derangements prior to diagnosis and clinical features associated with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
The 379 TEDDY children who developed type 1 diabetes were grouped by age at onset (0–4, 5–9, and 10–14 years; n = 142, 151, and 86, respectively) with comparisons of autoantibody profiles, HLAs, family history of diabetes, presence of DKA, symptomatology at onset, and adherence to TEDDY protocol. Time-varying analysis compared those with oral glucose tolerance test data with TEDDY children who did not progress to diabetes.

RESULTS
Increasing fasting glucose (hazard ratio [HR] 1.09 [95% CI 1.04–1.14]; P = 0.0003), stimulated glucose (HR 1.50 [1.42–1.59]; P &lt; 0.0001), fasting insulin (HR 0.89 [0.83–0.95]; P = 0.0009), and glucose-to-insulin ratio (HR 1.29 [1.16–1.43]; P &lt; 0.0001) were associated with risk of progression to type 1 diabetes. Younger children had fewer autoantibodies with more symptoms at diagnosis. Twenty-three children (6.1%) had DKA at onset, only 1 (0.97%) of 103 with and 22 (8.0%) of 276 children without a first-degree relative (FDR) with type 1 diabetes (P = 0.008). Children with DKA were more likely to be nonadherent to study protocol (P = 0.047), with longer duration between their last TEDDY evaluation and diagnosis (median 10.2 vs. 2.0 months without DKA; P &lt; 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
DKA at onset in TEDDY is uncommon, especially for FDRs. For those without familial risk, metabolic monitoring continues to provide a primary benefit of reduced DKA but requires regular follow-up. Clinical and laboratory features vary by age at onset, adding to the heterogeneity of type 1 diabetes.