bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Safety of Conjoint Fascial Sheath (CFS) Suspension in the Treatment of Blepharoptosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Ji Dongshuo , Liu Ying , Han Xing , Hu Shouduo , Zhao Yanyong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
This study focuses on blepharoptosis, a common condition in oculoplastic surgery characterized by drooping of the upper eyelid. The efficacy and safety of using the combined fascial sheath (CFS) to correct blepharoptosis are still unclear.

Methods
A systematic search encompassing four databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) up to December 15, 2023, was conducted. The meta-analysis was performed using Stata 14.

Results
A total of 10 studies involving 683 patients were included. The meta-analysis indicated a significant improvement in mean marginal reflex distance 1 (MRD1) in the CFS group compared to the control group (WMD: 2.33; 95% CI 1.61 to 3.06; I
2=97.2%, P < 0.001). Additionally, patient satisfaction in the CFS group was significantly higher than in the control group (OR: 5.28; 95% CI 1.71 to 16.32; I
2=0, P = 0.683), and the complication rate was significantly lower (OR 0.26; 95% CI 0.14 to 0.48; I
2=0, P = 0.899). However, no significant difference in curative effect was observed between the two groups (RD: 0.15; 95% CI −0.01 to 0.31; I
2=88.3%, P < 0.001).

Conclusion
CFS suspension has the potential to significantly improve MRD1 and patient satisfaction, while exhibiting a low incidence of complications and a favorable safety profile. These findings indicate that clinicians might consider CFS suspension as a viable treatment option for blepharoptosis. However, it is important to exercise caution due to inter-study heterogeneity and the limitations of current analysis.

Level of Evidence III
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266
Komatiitic parental magmas of the Archean Ujaragssuit Nunât ultramafic body, SW Greenland, identified from spinel chemistry
Authors: Nishio I. , Morishita T. , Waterton P. , Tamura A. , Itano K. , Serre S. H. , Plesner J. L. , Takahashi K. , Tani K. , Harigane Y. , Sawada H. , Szilas K. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Archean and Proterozoic layered intrusions represent an important portion of the igneous rock archive and their parental magma composition may provide crucial insights into the Earth’s magmatic and geodynamic evolution. Both komatiitic and boninitic parental magmas have been suggested for several major Archean layered intrusions, which could imply different tectonic settings for their formation. We studied the ~ 3.2 Ga Ujaragssuit Nunât layered ultramafic body from southern West Greenland (Ujaragssuit ultramafic body), which contains some of Earth’s oldest chromitites. Spinel major and trace elements, and whole-rock platinum group element compositions in massive chromitites from the Ujaragssuit ultramafic body, largely preserve primary igneous compositions. In contrast, spinels from most silicate-dominated ultramafic rocks were altered by metamorphic and metasomatic events. We collated a large spinel dataset to investigate variations in their parental magma compositions and tectonic settings using multivariate statistical analysis. Both the massive chromitites from the Ujaragssuit ultramafic body and chromitites from other Archean and Proterozoic ultramafic layered intrusion show high Cr/(Cr + Al) and Ti/V ratios in spinel, and high whole-rock Ir and Ru contents, which are consistent with those of komatiitic spinel. The compositions of chromitites suggest that the parental magmas of the Ujaragssuit ultramafic body are komatiitic, implying that the formation of these layered intrusions was related to mantle plumes. Our recognition of a komatiitic ultramafic body in North Atlantic Craton, where no komatiite has previously been reported, suggests that komatiitic magmas were a common feature among cratons.
Examination of the relationship between the empathic tendencies and sleep quality of caregivers of cancer patients
Authors: Kerkez Müjde , Yiğit Muhammet Faruk , Yaztürk Zeynep 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
The present study aims to reveal the relationship between the empathic tendencies and sleep quality of caregivers of cancer patients.

Material and method
This cross-sectional study was conducted with caregivers of cancer patients registered in the oncology unit of a hospital between May and July 2024 (n = 346). The study data were collected using a sociodemographic information form, the Empathic Tendency Scale, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation and hierarchical regression analyses as well as descriptive statistics.
Findings.
59.5% of the participants were female and 88.2% lived with patients. 62.7% of the cancer patients were male and 61.1% were partially dependent in daily life activities. The caregivers had a mean total score of 70.58 ± 16.85 on the Empathic Tendency Scale and a mean total score of 4.40 ± 3.94 on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. It was found that there was a negative, strong, and statistically significant relationship between the mean total scores on the Empathic Tendency Scale and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (r = − 0.924; p < 0.001). According to the hierarchical regression model, certain sociodemographic features of the caregivers explained the variance in empathic tendency (Adj. R
2 = 0.607; p < 0.001), whereas when sleep quality components were added to the model, the variance in empathic tendency was explained (Adj. R
2 = 0.896; p < 0.001).

Conclusion
The caregivers of cancer patients were found to have high empathic tendencies, which was associated with high sleep quality. Furthermore, low empathic tendencies among the caregivers were found to be primarily associated with increasing length of care and advancing patient age. The findings underscore the pivotal role that empathic approaches play in enhancing the quality of care, underscoring the necessity for augmented interventions that prioritize a compassionate approach, and the management of empathy in caregivers of cancer patients.
Routine measurement in low back pain; towards a pragmatic patient-reported productivity cost outcome measurement using the institute for medical technology assessment productivity cost questionnaire
Authors: Ademiluyi Adekunle Z. , van Asselt Antoinette D. I. , Reneman Michiel F. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
The iMTA productivity cost questionnaire (iPCQ) has been recommended as a measurement tool for productivity cost, however, its use in routine care is hindered by the length of this questionnaire (18 questions). This study developed and tested a short-form (SF-) iPCQ.

Method
A secondary analysis of the Groningen Spine Cohort’s baseline data from patients with low back pain referred for tertiary care was performed. Six SFs were evaluated against the comprehensive iPCQ. Spearman correlation (r), intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC, agreement), standard error of measurement (SEM), and Bland-Altman’s plot tested the congruence of the SFs with the comprehensive iPCQ.

Results
The sample consisted of 1220 patients with low back pain. The SF version with the highest correlation (SF-3; 7 items) with the comprehensive iPCQ had r = 0.99, ICC = 0.99, SEM = 295, while the SF with the least number of items (SF-6; 5 items) had r = 0.84, ICC = 0.91, SEM = 2063. The mean productivity cost estimates of SF-3 and SF-6 were €3414 (95% CI: 3036–3791) and €3333 (95% CI: 2970–3696) respectively while that for the comprehensive iPCQ amounted to €3456 (95% CI: 3189–3720).

Conclusion
A SF with seven questions was developed with a high agreement with the comprehensive iPCQ. Initial clinimetric testing was satisfactory. Further assessment is recommended.
How home-based informal businesses contribute to ‘shrinking domesticities’ in a Zimbabwean town
Authors: Magidi Martin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study examines the phenomenon of ‘shrinking domesticities’ in Norton, Zimbabwe, focusing on the impact of informal home-based entrepreneurship on living spaces. It argues that these enterprises diminish domestic space in some residential neighbourhoods in the town. Through data gathered from ethnographic interviews and observations, the research explores the transformation of urban livelihoods in Norton because of industrial decline. It reveals that entrepreneurs repurpose domestic spaces into workspaces in already overcrowded areas, exacerbating the town’s housing shortage. The study illustrates that while the phenomenon of shrinking domesticities has primarily been linked to the planned reduction of house sizes in Western cities, it manifests differently in Norton. Here, entrepreneurs engage in economic activities within their homes, influencing both interior and exterior spaces. This research identifies and addresses a significant gap in urban housing scholarship about African cities. Although the concept has been widely investigated in Western contexts, this paper applies it within the African context, where it arises primarily as an unplanned grassroots response to socioeconomic challenges rather than as policy initiatives. Additionally, there exists a shortage of academic literature connecting informal businesses to housing in the region, and how their interplay leads to the reduction of domestic space.
Emotion Crafting and Daily Psychological Functioning: A 7-Day Diary Study
Authors: Hernandez Hernandez Maria Elena , Taşkesen Nureda , van der Kaap-Deeder Jolene 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Although emotion regulation (ER) is a well-researched topic, the proactive regulation of positive emotions (conceptualized as emotion crafting—EC) grants further investigation. Recent research has shown that EC related to higher levels of life satisfaction, vitality, wellbeing, and a lower level of internalizing symptoms through positive affect. Building on this previous cross-sectional study, this research aimed to examine how changes in (planned) EC related to changes in psychological functioning. A 7-day diary study was conducted among 121 Norwegian participants (61.2% female; Mage = 29.41 years, SD = 11.80; range 18–62), where they indicated their planned EC and positive emotion goals in the morning, and reported their actual EC and psychological functioning in the evening. Data were analysed through two-level multilevel path analyses. Planned EC related positively to actual EC, while actual EC related positively to wellbeing and negatively to illbeing through positive and negative affect, both at the between-person and within-person levels. These findings were overall maintained after controlling for other ER measures and when examining lagged effects (but not when controlling for same-day outcomes). Proactively engaging in behaviours aimed at maintaining or strengthening positive emotions is beneficial for individuals’ daily psychological functioning. Future research is needed to determine the causality of the effects of EC, and whether the effects of EC can be generalised across more diverse samples.
Calibrated explanations for regression
Authors: Löfström Tuwe , Löfström Helena , Johansson Ulf , Sönströd Cecilia , Matela Rudy 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods are an integral part of modern decision support systems. The best-performing predictive models used in AI-based decision support systems lack transparency. Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) aims to create AI systems that can explain their rationale to human users. Local explanations in XAI can provide information about the causes of individual predictions in terms of feature importance. However, a critical drawback of existing local explanation methods is their inability to quantify the uncertainty associated with a feature’s importance. This paper introduces an extension of a feature importance explanation method, Calibrated Explanations, previously only supporting classification, with support for standard regression and probabilistic regression, i.e., the probability that the target is below an arbitrary threshold. The extension for regression keeps all the benefits of Calibrated Explanations, such as calibration of the prediction from the underlying model with confidence intervals, uncertainty quantification of feature importance, and allows both factual and counterfactual explanations. Calibrated Explanations for regression provides fast, reliable, stable, and robust explanations. Calibrated Explanations for probabilistic regression provides an entirely new way of creating probabilistic explanations from any ordinary regression model, allowing dynamic selection of thresholds. The method is model agnostic with easily understood conditional rules. An implementation in Python is freely available on GitHub and for installation using both and , making the results in this paper easily replicable.
Extensions of the constitutive relations to describe the response of compressible nonlinear Kelvin–Voigt solids
Authors: de Castro Motta Julia , Rajagopal Kumbakonan , Saccomandi Giuseppe 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper investigates the propagation of longitudinal waves in some possible models of compressible Kelvin-Voigt viscoelastic solids. With respect to the elastic part two extensions of the classical neo-Hookean material model are proposed: the A-model, which incorporates a logarithmic volumetric function, and the B-model, based on the deviatoric invariants and a power-law volumetric function. For both models, we assume the same dissipative part given by the classical Navier–Stokes constitutive equation. These models are analyzed for their ability to describe a recovery phenomenon, ensuring conditions for monotonicity, boundedness, and uniqueness of solutions. The propagation of longitudinal traveling waves is proved. We show that the equation governing such motions is indeed a special case of the viscous p-system and a weakly nonlinear analysis demonstrates the emergence of Burgers’ equations.
Solitaire of independence
Authors: Salo Ville , Schabanel Juliette 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we study a reversible process (more precisely, a groupoid/group action) resembling the classical 15-puzzle, where the legal moves are to “move the unique hole inside a translate of a shape S”. Such a process can be defined for any finite subset S of a group, and we refer to such a process as simply “solitaire”. We develop a general theory of solitaire, and then concentrate on the simplest possible example, solitaire for the plane

$$\mathbb {Z}^2$$

Z

2

, and S the triangle shape (equivalently, any three-element set in general position). In this case, we give a polynomial time algorithm that puts any finite subset of the plane in normal form using solitaire moves, and show that the solitaire orbit of a line of consecutive ones—the line orbit—is completely characterised by the notion of a so-called fill matrix. We show that the diameter of the line orbit, as a graph with edges the solitaire moves, is cubic. We show that analogous results hold for the square shape, but indicate some shapes (still on the group

$$\mathbb {Z}^2$$

Z

2

) where this is less immediate. We then explain in detail the connection of the solitaire to TEP and more generally permutive subshifts. Namely, the solitaire is a closure property of various sets of subsets of the group that can be associated to such a subshift, such as the independence, spanning and filling sets.
Occurrence and characterization of fungal species in medicinal plants from South Africa
Authors: Oladeji Oluwaseun Mary , Phoku Judith Zanele , Adelusi Oluwasola Abayomi , Aasa Oluwakemi Adeola , Njobeh Patrick Berka 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Fungal contamination of medicinal plants poses significant health risks due to the potential production of mycotoxins. In South Africa (SA), medicinal plants are widely used in traditional healthcare, but their safety is often compromised by fungal colonization. This study investigated 36 different medicinal plants purchased from Faraday Muthi Market, Johannesburg, SA, for fungal level using both macro- and microscopic approaches, and their identities were confirmed by molecular means. The fungal loads of the mycoflora recovered from the medical plants ranged from 1.8 × 104 CFU/g to 2 × 107 CFU/g, exceeding the WHO regulatory limit of 1 × 103 CFU/g. Furthermore, a total of 164 fungal species from nine genera, including Aspergillus (39.6%), Penicillium (19.5%), and Fusarium (9.7%), other notable fungal genera such as Alternaria (5.5%), Mucor (5.4%), Rhizopus (5.4%), Chaetomium (4.2%), Cladosporium (3.6%), Emericella nidulans (3.6%) and Epicoccum (3.0%) were also recovered from the medicinal plants. Furthermore, A. niger (10.97%) was the most prevalent among all the identified fungal species. Consuming fungal-contaminated medicinal plants poses significant human health risks. The findings highlights the need for strict quality control during the cultivation, harvesting, and processing of medicinal plants in South Africa and across Africa to mitigate fungal contamination risks. Future research should focus on developing strategies to reduce fungal loads in medicinal plants.
The importance of reactive silica for maintaining soil health
Authors: Schaller Jörg , Kleber Markus , Puppe Daniel , Stein Mathias , Sommer Michael , Rillig Matthias C. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background and aim
Soil health is vital for the sustainability of ecosystem services such as food and fiber production, nutrient cycling and water supply. Soil health can be assessed through a combination of physical, biological and chemical metrics. There is emerging evidence that reactive silica is a strong factor controlling soil functions.

Scope
We explain how reactive silica, specifically dissolved silicic acid and amorphous silica, can be used as a new metric for assessing soil health, complementing traditional metrics or even substituting for them.

Conclusion
The pivotal role of reactive silica for soil health is particularly important under stress conditions that are typically associated with drought and soil degradation. The status of reactive silica indicates soil degradation earlier than the currently used metrics, because reactive silica depletion is followed by soil degradation. We recommend suitable methods and benchmarks for assessing reactive silica. Furthermore, we suggest further research to improve our understanding of the importance of reactive silica for soil health. We call upon the soil research community to include reactive silica as a metric for soil health assessment.
Predicting Extensional Behaviors of Colloidal Inks from Shear-Based Models for Direct Ink Writing
Authors: Hoque M. Naimul , Christopher Gordon F. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Colloidal-based inks have immense potential to be used in direct ink writing 3D printing if their printability can be evaluated, which is typically difficult. In this work, the extrudability of colloidal-based inks of moderate volume fraction for direct ink writing is characterized using the dripping-onto-substrate method and compared to predictions derived from a piecewise power-law model based on simple shear rheology. In extension, filaments from the colloidal ink exhibited elasto-capillary thinning that can be modeled as a power-law fluid. However, the model inks exhibit a much greater degree of thinning than is predicted from the shear-based model. This disagreement occurs due to the different flow regimes between the shear-based measurements and extensional measurements based on different Deborah numbers calculated using a Brownian time scale for the fluid relaxation time. The Deborah numbers of the extensional experiments are several orders of magnitude higher than shear values. This indicates that in extension, the particles within the ink do not have time to relax, resulting in variation of volume fraction within the filament. Despite the mismatch between the shear and extensional behavior, this method still can be utilized to predict the filament breakup time, extensional viscosities, and optimal printing height for printing without breakup or clean filament breakup.
Raw Trout Fillets Coated with Carvacrol-Loaded Gelatin Nanofibers: Changes in Microbiological, Texture, and Odor Compounds During Cold Storage
Authors: Cetinkaya Turgay , Ayseli Mehmet Turan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Carvacrol-containing gelatin nanofibers were successfully produced, characterized, and applied on farmed trout fillets as coating material. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images revealed that the presence of carvacrol increased the average fiber diameter from 152.3 to 217 nm and less droplet formation was observed after carvacrol addition. Young’s modulus and stability of the nanofibers were found to increase with the increasing weight percentage of carvacrol. The applied nanocoating treatment positively slowed the growth of bacteria, yeast, and mold throughout 9 days of storage (p < 0.05). The decrease in hardness was slower in the gelatin nanofibers containing the 7.5% carvacrol (GLC7.5)-coated group compared to the uncoated group in the first 5 days (p > 0.05). A total of 14 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) in the uncoated and GLC7.5-coated samples as volatile indicators of flavor deterioration. Volatile substances that cause an off-flavor in the fillets were found at a lower rate in the GLC7.5-coated group and showed higher sensory odor scores. The most important aroma compounds identified in the samples were dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) (garlic-like), dimethyl trisulfide (rotten egg), 3-methyl butanoic acid (cheesy), phenol (phenolic), and 1H-indole (fecal). Additionally, carvacrol (spicy) was found to be an important contributor of odor to meat with a GLC7.5 coating. The results showed that carvacrol-loaded nanocoatings have antimicrobial and antifungal properties that affect the formation of volatile compounds in fish meat. Therefore, the nanocoating technique could be useful in preventing spoilage and boosting the odor attributes of fresh fish products.
Morse Index Stability of Biharmonic Maps in Critical Dimension
Authors: Michelat Alexis 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In December 2022, Da Lio, Gianocca, and Rivière developed a new theory to prove the upper semi-continuity of the sum of the Morse index and the nullity in geometric analysis (Da Lio, Gianocca, and Rivière in Morse index stability for critical points to conformally invariant Lagrangians, 2023, arXiv:2212.03124), and applied it to conformally invariant problems in dimension 2—which include harmonic maps. Their method, quickly extended to Willmore immersions and later to other geometric settings, is applied in this article to the Morse stability of biharmonic maps in critical dimension 4. A key step in the proof is to obtain an energy quantization in

$$L^{2,1}$$

L

2
,
1

(the pre-dual of the Marcinkiewicz space

$$L^{2,\infty }$$

L

2
,
∞

of weakly squared-integrable functions), and we prove a general result to establish this strong energy quantization, which allows us to recover previous results in a unified fashion.
Quantitative Visualisierung von HTseq-Daten
Authors: Kitanovski Simo , Wollek Kai , Hoffmann Daniel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
High-throughput sequencing (HTseq) characterizes complex entities at the level of nucleic acid sequences, e. g. the transcriptome in a biopsy at cellular resolution, or an immune-receptor-repertoire. The complexity of HTseq data makes analysis challenging. Suitable methods are often missing. We therefore develop computational tools for quantitative visualization (quantitative modelling of data, then visualization of meaningful summaries) as illustrated with two examples, scBubble-tree and ClustIRR.