bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dental health status of community-dwelling adults aged 50 years and over in Ireland. A cross-sectional analysis of the Wave 3 TILDA cohort.
Authors: Naseer Amara , McLoughlin Jacinta , Donoghue Orna A. , Kenny Rose Anne , O'Connell Brian 
Published: February 2022

Background: Little is known about the current oral health status of adults in Ireland. The aim of this study was to assess the dental health of community-dwelling adults aged 50 years and over in Ireland and to compare the current status to previous national surveys. Methods: The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA) Wave 3 assessed the dental health of a subset of participants. Respondents attending for health assessments were offered a dental examination. The World Health Organization examination criteria were used.Results:Of the 3111 people who were offered the dental assessment, 2525 were examined. Adults below 50 years of age and respondents whose dental health data were unavailable at the time of analysis were omitted, giving a final sample of 2504. Among the dental assessment sample, 9.9% (249) were edentate. Of those aged 65 years and older, 15.6% were edentate while for the same age group 40.9% were edentate in the 2000-02 national survey. The mean number of teeth present in those aged 65 years or older was 14.9 for males and 14.2 for females, whereas in 2000-02 it was 9.9 and 7.4, respectively. 56.8% of the dentate sample had 10 or more tooth contacts. The mean DMFT of those aged 50 years or more was 18.5 and the Root Caries Index was 6.3. Between 2000-02 and 2014-5 (this study) in adults aged 65 years and over, the mean DMFT decreased from 25.9 to 20.1 and the Root Caries Index decreased from 11.6 to 9.1.Conclusion: The results indicate the dental health of community-dwelling adults aged 50 years and over in Ireland improved since the previous survey of 2000-02. These improvements mean a change in the treatment needs of this age group and will require policy and service adjustments to meet these needs
Sprawozdanie z Międzynarodowej Konferencji pt. 100 lat uniwersytetów ludowych w wolnej Polsce (1921–2021), 4–5 października 2021 r., Mierzyn – Szczecin
Authors: Bzymek Agnieszka 
Published: February 2022

W dniach 4–5 października 2021 r. miała miejsce Międzynarodowa Konferencja pt. 100 lat uniwersytetów ludowych w wolnej Polsce (1921–2021). Konferencja wyjątkowa. Wyjątkowość ta wyrażała się zarówno w doniosłości samego wydarzenia, jak i obecności wybitnych postaci, tematyce i treściach, niezwykłej atmosferze, jaka możliwa jest w obszarze spotkania badaczy oraz praktyków. Współorganizatorami konferencji byli: Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Ludowy w Mierzynie, Wydział Nauk Humanistycznych i Społecznych Akademii Marynarki Wojennej w Gdyni, Wydział Nauk Społecznych Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego oraz Ogólnopolska Sieć Uniwersytetów Ludowych. Patronat Narodowy Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej Andrzeja Dudy w Stulecie Odzyskania Niepodległości wyraził się w odczytanym liście Prezydenta RP skierowanym do uczestników konferencji. Z kolei patronaty honorowe pełnili: Prof. dr hab. Piotr Gliński – Wiceprezes Rady Ministrów, Minister Kultury, Dziedzictwa Narodowego i Sportu, Wojciech Kaczmarczyk – Dyrektor Narodowego Instytutu Wolności. Patronat naukowy objęło Akademickie Towarzystwo Andragogiczne.
Gawęda o budzie jarmarcznej z fabrycznymi przyległościami w tle
Authors: Bednarczyk Anna 
Published: February 2022

W artykule podjęto problematykę przekładu wierszowanego felietonu, który stanowi materiał ilustracyjny do innych badań naukowych. Ten cel, podobnie jak odległość temporalna między powstaniem oryginału a powstaniem przekładu, narzuca tłumaczowi pewne wybory. Dlatego też obok prezentacji praktycznych rozwiązań translatorskich w pracy odniesiono się do koncepcji wyboru odpowiedników spośród różnych możliwości i zaproponowano wykorzystanie teorii zbiorów rozmytych, która pozwala na nieostre określanie granic między swobodą twórczą tłumacza a koniecznością jej ograniczenia.
Słowa kluczowe: rajok, realia, ironia, potencjalność, zbiór rozmyty, cel przekładu

Keywords: rayok, reality, irony, potential possibilities, fuzzy set, translation
Food Delivery Service and Restaurant: Friend or Foe?
Authors: Chen Manlu , Hu Ming , Wang Jianfu 
Published: February 2022

With food delivery services, customers can hire delivery workers to pick up food on their behalf. To investigate the long-term impact of food delivery services on the restaurant industry, we model a restaurant serving food to customers as a stylized single-server queue with two streams of customers. One stream consists of tech-savvy customers who have access to a food delivery service platform. The other stream consists of traditional customers who are not able to use a food delivery service and only walk in by themselves. We study a Stackelberg game, in which the restaurant first sets the food price; the food delivery platform then sets the delivery fee; and, last, rational customers decide whether to walk in, balk, or use a food delivery service if they have access to one. If the restaurant has a sufficiently large established base of traditional customers, we show that the food delivery platform does not necessarily increase demand but may just change the composition of customers, as the segment of tech-savvy customers grows. Hence, paying the platform for bringing in customers may hurt the restaurant’s profitability. We demonstrate that either a one-way revenue-sharing contract with a price ceiling or a two-way revenue-sharing contract can coordinate the system and create a win-win situation. Furthermore, under conditions of no coordination between the restaurant and the platform, we show, somewhat surprisingly, that more customers having access to a food delivery service may hurt the platform itself and the society, when the food delivery service is sufficiently convenient, and the delivery-worker pool is large enough. This is because the restaurant can become a delivery-only kitchen and raise its food price by focusing on food-delivery customers only, leaving little surplus for the platform. This implies that limiting the number of delivery workers can provide a simple yet effective means for the platform to improve its own profitability while benefiting social welfare. This paper was accepted by Charles Corbett, operations management.
Local Search Quality: Comment on “Product Quality and Entering Through Tying: Experimental Evidence”
Authors: Millet Fabien Curto , Lewis Stephen , Stoddart Paul 
Published: February 2022

Kim and Luca (2019) consider Google’s grouped results for local businesses (the “OneBox”). They contend that Google made a “strategic decision” to exclude reviews from other platforms (like Yelp) in these results and claim that this led to a quality degradation for search users, based on a randomized controlled trial (RCT) experiment. The purpose of this Comment is to clarify the robustness of Kim and Luca’s characterization of the situation and empirical findings, including in particular with respect to the noise and likely bias resulting from the control benchmark for the RCT experiment being based on a degraded version of Google’s OneBox, rather than the actual version. This paper was accepted by Alfonso Gambardella, business strategy.
Safety culture, error reporting and medical innovation: comparing a survey taken during COVID-19 to the 2019 national staff survey
Authors: Sinnott Joseph 
Published: February 2022

Background/Aims Times of crisis can lead to great innovations. Since the outbreak of COVID-19, rapid changes have been made in the NHS, warranting safety evaluation. This study assessed changes in safety culture, professionalism and staff morale during COVID-19, compared to the year before the crisis. Methods A survey of 205 staff at an acute district general hospital was carried out during summer 2020. Questions were taken directly from the 2019 National Staff Survey, the results of which were used as a baseline. Novel questions were also added to the 2020 survey to explore staff morale, professionalism and innovation. Datix reports made from March-June 2020 were also compared to those made during the same period in 2019. Results Reporting of errors using traditional methods decreased following the outbreak of COVID-19, with the number of staff stating that they would report an error they witnessed decreasing from 95% before March 2020 to 87%. The number of Datix reports made decreased from 2805 before the crisis to 1798 during. However, 81% of staff reported greater psychological safety during the pandemic, compared to 69% in the 2019 survey. Respondents cited several facilitators of innovation, with desire to improve patient care scoring the highest. Conclusions The health service has the capacity for incredible innovation and agility with the correct mindset. Innovations need to be documented for organisational learning. Error reporting and learning systems that are appropriate for times of extreme pressure and crisis need to be developed.
Shingles in adults: what the practice nurse needs to know
Authors: Perry Margaret 
Published: February 2022

Shingles is a relatively common condition, more frequently seen in older adults. Margaret Perry explains the presentation, treatment, complications and prevention of the condition Shingles (herpes zoster) is an unpleasant condition which can affect any age, but increases in prevalence among older adults. Although usually self-limiting, and for many a mild disease, in some cases symptoms may be more severe, with a longer lasting illness and potentially affecting quality of life. Given its prevalence, it is very likely that nurses and non-medical prescribers will encounter patients seeking advice in managing their symptoms. This article, therefore, hopes to give them an insight into the disease, its presentation, treatment and complications, with the aim of helping them advise and offer guidance to anyone affected by this troublesome illness.
Screening tool to improve patient referral to acute surgical care from accident and emergency
Authors: Razzaq H , Rao A , Sathananthan S , Majeed A , Dworkin M 
Published: February 2022

Introduction This study aimed, first, to audit the appropriateness of surgical referrals to an acute surgical unit for urgent assessment and, second, to devise a screening tool for use in the emergency department to categorise patients into those who need an urgent surgical review and those who can be seen in an ambulatory setting within the next few days. Methods The first phase of the study was an audit of surgical referrals between 1 and 18 February 2020 to check the appropriateness of the surgical referral. In the second phase, a tool was designed to screen patients who did not require urgent surgical review and could be seen in the ambulatory clinic. A prospective questionnaire study was conducted from 1 February to 24 March 2020 with patients who were admitted to an acute surgical ward. Based on responses to the screening tool, patients were given the outcome of whether they can be discharged and seen in an ambulatory clinic. The accuracy of the screening tool outcome was assessed and compared with actual patient discharge outcomes by the surgical team evaluating patients’ electronic medical records. Results In the first audit of referrals to the acute surgical ward, 206 patients were referred to the acute surgical unit and seen by the senior surgeon. Of these, 142 (68.9%) were discharged on the same day with or without follow-up in the ambulatory surgical clinic. In the prospective questionnaire phase of the study, 98 patients completed the questionnaire. The most common presentation was abdominal pain (n=60) followed by urological symptoms (n=11), symptoms of hernia complication (n=10), abscess (n=7), testicular pain (n=2) and trauma (n=2). Of the patients discharged on the same day, 50% were given ambulatory care appointments and 50% were discharged with no further follow-up. The sensitivity and specificity of the screening tool were 100% and 60.7%, respectively; the overall accuracy was 88.4%. Conclusion A large proportion of patients who are referred to the acute surgical unit can be deferred and seen in the ambulatory clinic. The screening tool used for acute surgical referral had reasonable sensitivity and high specificity to screen patients who can be seen in ambulatory clinics. At the same time, it identified patients who were unwell and required urgent surgical admission.
Principal investigators over-optimistically forecast scientific and operational outcomes for clinical trials
Authors: Benjamin Daniel M. , Hey Spencer P. , MacPherson Amanda , Hachem Yasmina , Smith Kara S. , Zhang Sean X. , Wong Sandy , Dolter Samantha , Mandel David R. , Kimmelman Jonathan 
Published: February 2022

Objective
To assess the accuracy of principal investigators’ (PIs) predictions about three events for their own clinical trials: positivity on trial primary outcomes, successful recruitment and timely trial completion.

Study design and setting
A short, electronic survey was used to elicit subjective probabilities within seven months of trial registration. When trial results became available, prediction skill was calculated using Brier scores (BS) and compared against uninformative prediction (i.e. predicting 50% all of the time).

Results
740 PIs returned surveys (16.7% response rate). Predictions on all three events tended to exceed observed event frequency. Averaged PI skill did not surpass uninformative predictions (e.g., BS = 0.25) for primary outcomes (BS = 0.25, 95% CI 0.20, 0.30) and were significantly worse for recruitment and timeline predictions (BS 0.38, 95% CI 0.33, 0.42; BS = 0.52, 95% CI 0.50, 0.55, respectively). PIs showed poor calibration for primary outcome, recruitment, and timelines (calibration index = 0.064, 0.150 and 0.406, respectively), modest discrimination in primary outcome predictions (AUC = 0.76, 95% CI 0.65, 0.85) but minimal discrimination in the other two outcomes (AUC = 0.64, 95% CI 0.57, 0.70; and 0.55, 95% CI 0.47, 0.62, respectively).

Conclusion
PIs showed overconfidence in favorable outcomes and exhibited limited skill in predicting scientific or operational outcomes for their own trials. They nevertheless showed modest ability to discriminate between positive and non-positive trial outcomes. Low survey response rates may limit generalizability.
Suarez precursor de Descartes? A doutrina suareziana sobre a causa final revista
Authors: Cezar Cesar Ribas 
Published: February 2022

Suarez precursor de Descartes? A doutrina suazeriana sobre a causa final revista
Resumo: Stephan Schmid busca mostrar que Francisco Suárez é um precursor da crítica que Descartes fez à causalidade final na explicação da natureza. Suárez teria reduzido a noção de causa à causa eficiente, teria eliminado a presença da causa final nas ações dos agentes naturais, isto é, daqueles entes que não possuem intelecto, e teria eliminado a presença da causa final nas ações divinas. Deste modo, ele seria um precursor do pensamento mecanicista de Descartes e, sob certo aspecto, também de Espinosa. Contra esta interpretação, procuro mostrar que Suárez não reduz a noção de causa à causa eficiente, não elimina a presença da causa final nem nos agentes naturais, nem na ação divina e que, portanto, ele não pode ser considerado, neste assunto, um precursor de Descartes nem de Espinosa.
Palavras-Chave: Metafísica. Causa eficiente. Causa final.
Abstract: Stephan Schmid try to show that Francisco Suárez is a forerunner of the criticism made by Descartes of end causes in the explanation of nature. The hypothesis is that Suárez had reduced the notion of cause to efficient cause, had eliminated the presence of end causes in the actions of the natural agents, i. e., of the beings that have not an intellect, and had eliminated the presence of end causes in the actions of God. In this way he would be a forerunner of the mechanistic thought of Descartes and, from a certain aspect, of Spinoza. Against this interpretation I try to show that Suárez do not reduce the notion of cause to efficient cause and that he eliminates the presence of end cause neither in the natural agents nor in the actions of God. Therefore, he should be considered in this issue a forerunner neither of Descartes nor of Spinoza.
Keywords: Metaphysics. Efficient cause. End cause.
Résumé: Stephan Schmid essaie de montrer que Francisco Suárez est um précurseur de la critique faite par Descartes à la cause finale dans l’explication de la nature. Suárez aurait réduit la notion de cause à la cause efficiente, elimine la présence de la cause finale dans les actions des agentes naturels, c'est-à-dire, de ceux qui ne possèdent pas d'intellect, et aurait elimine la présence de la cause finale dans les actions divines. Il serait ainsi um précurseur de la pensée mécaniste de Descartes et, dans une certaine mesure, de Spinoza. Contre cette interprétation, j'essaie de montrer que Suárez ne réduit pas la notion de cause à la cause efficiente, n'élimine pas la présence de la cause finale ni dans les agentes naturels ni dans l'action divine et qu'il ne peut donc être considéré comme um précurseur de Descartes ni d'Espinosa.
Mots clés: Metaphysique. Cause finale. Cause eficiente.
Data de registro: 13/05/2019
Data de aceite: /10/2019
Apresentação do Dossiê Governo das diferenças e as cartografias do ingovernável na educação:
Authors: Pagni Pedro Angelo , Silva Divino José da 
Published: February 2022

1 Os artigos reunidos em torno deste título, retratam a segunda parte das discussões ocorridas nas mesas redondas do VIII Simpósio Internacional em Educação e Filosofia, ocorrido de 27 a 29 de agosto de 2019, na UNESP, Campus de Marília/SP. Agradecemos a FAPESP (2019/07882-5), CAPES (PRINT-UNESP 88887.310516/2018-01; PAEP 88881.358867/2019-0) pelo apoio financeiro que nos possibilitou a apresentação dos resultados da proposta.

O presente Dossiê tem como tema o governo das diferenças empreendidos pelas políticas estatais no neoliberalismo, as quais têm repercussão na educação. As reflexões aqui desenvolvidas inserem-se, teoricamente, no debate filosófico contemporâneo da governamentalidade e da biopolítica. Particularmente, interessa debater em que medida os corpos ingovernáveis, denominados por vezes de desviantes ou anormais, estão compreendidos por essas formas de governo atuais ou lhes escapam, tanto singularmente quanto na qualidade de povo ou multidão, afrontando-as e agenciando modos outros de subjetivação, assim como potências da vida ou biopotências para tal. Para isso, esses artigos transitam entre a filosofia da diferença, a arte e a política, explicitando uma crítica contundente ao atual governo das diferenças e explorando cartografias do ingovernável na educação.
A partir das diferenças mapeadas nos corpos singularizado, tais como os corpos das pessoas transgêneras, das deficientes, dos grupos afrodescendentes, dos povos indígenas ou quilombolas, este dossiê busca debater o lugar que ocupam no atual governo das diferenças na biopolítica neoliberal. Entende-se que a violência ou a exceção cometidas contra eles na atual conjuntura, quer seja nos contextos escolares ou em outros espaços sociais, assim como o potencial de resistência que apresentam, ao relatarem situações de abuso e de bullying, compõe uma ampla frente de desafios a serem problematizados pela filosofia da educação. É dessa expressividade e ethos que se ocuparão esses artigos, assim como a reflexão sobre e com eles, com vistas a dar visibilidade a esses modos de existência enquanto uma experiência singular e como um entretecido comum, associado às comunidades LGBTT+, afrodescendentes, deficientes, dentre outras, emergentes das suas lutas transversas em escolas e outras instituições.
Apoiados em referências como as de Michel Foucault, Giorgio Agamben, Hannah Arendt, Jean Luc Nancy, Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari, dentre outros, assim, os artigos visibilizam esses corpos ingovernáveis, situando-os no jogo de subjugação e crítica empreendida pelas atuais formas de governamentalidade biopolítica – particularmente, na educação escolar. Ao mesmo tempo, como apresentados abaixo, eles abordam as possibilidades de sua biopotência, de sua capacidade de agenciar eticamente novas formas de inclusão pautadas na criação de novos modos de viver juntos e de vida comum.
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O estatuto da ideia de Filosofia Primeira na Fenomenologia de Husserl
Authors: Vieira Marcelo Rosa 
Published: February 2022

O estatuto da ideia de Filosofia Primeira na Fenomenologia de Husserl
Resumo: O objetivo do artigo que se segue é se dedicar a uma leitura e interpretação dos textos de Edmund Husserl que fazem uso do conceito de “Filosofia Primeira” para se referir em geral à fenomenologia e propor a tese de que a ideia de “primeira” surge de início na obra husserliana como uma privilegiada chave de demarcação do projeto fenomenológico em relação à hierarquia das ciências, e que ele traduz no final, com a evolução e o alargamento dos horizontes abertos por esse projeto, o duplo sentido da fenomenologia como “ciência de rigor” e como “filosofia”, e o esforço de elevar a fenomenologia pura ao estatuto de uma filosofia fenomenológica.
Palavras-chave: Husserl; Filosofia Primeira; Fenomenologia pura; Filosofia Fenomenológica.

The status of the First Philosophy idea in Husserl’s Phenomenology
Abstract: The aim of the following paper is to read and to interpret Edmund Husserl's texts that make use of the concept of “First Philosophy” to refer in general to phenomenology and propose the thesis that the idea of “first” arises from the beginning in Husserlian work as a privileged key of demarcation of the phenomenological project in relation to the hierarchy of sciences, and that it finally translates, with the evolution and broadening of the horizons opened by this project, the double meaning of phenomenology as “rigorous science” and as “philosophy”, and the effort to rise pure phenomenology to the status of a phenomenological philosophy.
Keywords: First Philosophy; Pure Phenomenology; Phenomenological Philosophy.

Die Stellung der Idee von der Ersten Philosophie in Husserls Phänomenologie
Zusammenfassung: Der begreiffende Text handelt sich um die Vorstellung, deren Grund des folgenden Abschnitt darin besteht, die Texte von Edmund Husserl zu lesen und zu interpretieren. Dies verwenden den Begriff der „Ersten Philosophie“, um allgemein auf die Phänomenologie zu verweisen und die These aufzustellen, sodass die Idee von „Ersten“ von Anfang an in Husserlian Arbeit entsteht als privilegierter Abgrenzungsschlüssel des phänomenologischen Projekts in Bezug auf die Hierarchie der Wissenschaften. Laut Husserl wird die doppelte Bedeutung der Phänomenologie schließlich durch die Entwicklung und Erweiterung des vom Projekt verbreitenden Horizons verwirklicht. Er hält die als „strenge Wissenschaft“ und als „Philosophie“ und fasst den Entschluss, die reine Phänomenologie in der Stellung einer phänomenologischen Philosophie zu erheben.
Stichworte: Husserl; Erste Philosophie; Reine Phänomenologie; Phänomenologische Philosophie.

Data de registro: 26/07/2021
Data de aceite: 01/12/2021
Closed-form solutions and conserved quantities of a new integrable (2 + 1)-dimensional Boussinesq equation of nonlinear sciences
Authors: Adeyemo Oke Davies , Khalique Chaudry Masood 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate a newly introduced integrable (2 + 1)-dimensional Boussinesq equation. Solutions of this equation are obtained by Lie symmetry reductions and direct integration. We achieve diverse solitary wave solutions of the equation among which are non-topological soliton as well as Jacobi elliptic function solutions. Moreover, we generate some closed-form solutions of the equation which are in the form of bright, singular and non-singular periodic solitons. Power series solution of the equation is also generated. In a bid to have a sound understanding of the physical phenomena of the underlying model, we exhibited graphically the motion of the secured results. Besides, we discuss the obtained results as well as their respective graphs. Conclusively, we construct conservation laws of the aforementioned equation by employing the general multiplier approach.