bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Out of step societal and Darwinian adaptation during evolution is the cause of multiple women’s health issues
Authors: Pei Zhenle , Lu Wenhan , Feng Yi , Xu Congjian , Hsueh Aaron J W 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDuring human evolution, major changes in our societal conditions and environment took place without sufficient time for concomitant genetic alterations, leading to out of step adaptation and diseases in women. We first discuss recent societal adaptation mismatch (menstrual bleeding; increases in cancers of reproductive organs, endometriosis; mother’s nursing; polycystic ovarian syndrome; transgenerational epigenetic modifications), followed by Darwinian out of step adaptation (labor difficulties; sex chromosomes, human diseases and sex disparity in genomic DNA). We discuss the evolutionary basis of menstrual bleeding, followed by recent increases in cancers of reproductive organs and endometriosis. The importance of breastfeeding by mothers is also emphasized. Earlier onset of menarche, decreased rates of childbirths and breastfeeding resulted in increased number of menstrual cycles in a lifetime, coupled with excess estrogen exposure and incessant ovulation, conditions that increased the susceptibility to mammary and uterine cancers as well as ovarian epithelial cancer and endometriosis. Shorter lactation duration in mothers also contributed to more menstrual cycles. We further discuss the evolutionary basis of the prevalent polycystic ovary syndrome. During the long-term Darwinian evolution, difficulties in childbirth evolved due to a narrowed pelvis, our upright walking and enlarged fetal brain sizes. Because there are 1.5% genomic DNA differences between woman and man, it is of significance to investigate sex-specific human physiology and diseases. In conclusion, understanding out of step adaptation during evolution could allow the prevention and better management of female reproductive dysfunction and diseases.
Game-based Learning: Introducing the Subject of Transitional Justice through a Serious Game
Authors: Lyubashenko Igor 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT∞
Transitional justice scholarship has produced a significant volume of valuable knowledge. However, there remains a challenge in transferring this knowledge to non-experts, such as students of academic programs that are not centered around the issue of TJ. It is an important challenge from the perspective of the interdisciplinary field, which should be interested in popularizing its scholarship and engaging representatives of related disciplines to engage in TJ-related research. In this article, I claim that serious games can be used to address this problem. I present a concise review of the literature devoted to the application of serious games in the social sciences, focusing specifically on the application of serious games for didactic purposes. Then, I present a game designed to tackle the challenge mentioned, which presents non-experts with TJ-associated dilemmas inspired by real-life situations and thereby demonstrates the importance of existing knowledge for solving such dilemmas.
The cost of a first and second hospital-wide accreditation in Flanders, Belgium
Authors: Brouwers Jonas , Seys Deborah , Claessens Fien , Van Wilder Astrid , Bruyneel Luk , De Ridder Dirk , Eeckloo Kristof , Vanhaecht Kris , Kesteloot Katrien 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
Hospital accreditation is a popular and widely used quality control and improvement instrument. Despite potential benefits, ques-tions are raised whether it constitutes appropriate use of hospitals’ limited financial resources.

Objective
This study aims to calculate the cost of preparing for and undergoing a first and second accreditation by the Joint Commission International or Qualicor Europe in acute-care hospitals.

Method
All (n = 53) acute-care hospitals in Flanders (Belgium) were invited to participate and report on the costs in preparing for and undergoing a first and/or second accreditation cycle. To measure costs, a questionnaire with six domains and 90 questions was developed based on literature review, policy documents and a multidisciplinary expert group. All costs were recalculated to 2020 euro to correct for inflation and reported as medians with interquartile range.

Results
A total of 25 hospitals (47%) participated in the study. Additional investments and direct operational costs for a first accreditation cycle amounted to 879.45 euro (interquartile range: 794.81) per bed and 3.8 full-time equivalent (FTE) per hospital additional new staff members were recruited for coordination and implementation of the trajectory. A second accreditation survey costed remarkably less with a total cost of extra investments and direct operational cost of 222.88 euro (interquartile range: 244.04) per bed and less investment in additional staff (1.50 FTE). Most of the costs were situated in consulting costs and investments in infrastructure. The median total extra cost (direct operational cost and additional investments) amounted to 0.2% of the hospital’s operating income for a first accreditation cycle and 0.05% for a second cycle.

Conclusion
A first accreditation cycle requires a strong financial commitment of hospitals, as many costs result from the preparation in the years prior to an accreditation survey. A second survey is less expensive for hospitals, but still requires a considerable effort in terms of budget and staff. Policy makers should be aware of these significant costs as hospitals are operating with public resources and budget is scarce. The identification of these costs is a necessary building block to evaluate cost-effectiveness of accreditation versus other quality improvement systems and the continuation of these accreditation systems and their costs needs further study and a thorough debate.
Korean Aesthetic Ideals: “Jayeon”
Authors: Park So-Jeong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Korean art and music have a long history, but aesthetic research on them has only been around for a little over a hundred years. Critiques and discourses on traditional arts such as poetry, calligraphy, and painting can be traced back to the Joseon or even Goryeo dynasties, but the modern discussion on the common features of Korean aesthetics was conducted much later than that in Western Europe, where the field of aesthetics was established in the mid to late eighteenth century. Early aestheticists who tried to explain aesthetic consciousness in Korean culture and art converged on the concept of Jayeon, which can be translated provisionally as “nature,” seemingly diverging from western aesthetics’ focus on the concept of “beauty.” Jayeon shares the same Chinese characters as ziran (自然), an early Daoist concept, but jayeon in a Korean aesthetic context does not appear to be limited to the connotation of its Chinese origin. This article unpacks the different ways in which jayeon captures the key characteristics of Korean art and aesthetics.
Weak genotype x environment interaction suggests that measuring scrotal circumference at 12 and 18 mo of age is helpful to select precocious Brahman cattle
Authors: Nascimento Bárbara M , Carvalheiro Roberto , Teixeira Rodrigo de A , Dias Laila T , Fortes Marina R S 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the genotype x environment interaction (GxE) for scrotal circumference (SC) measured at different ages using pedigree-based (A−1) and pedigree and genomic-based (H−1) relationship matrices. Data from 1,515 Brahman bulls, from the Cooperative Research Centre for Beef Genetic Technologies (Beef CRC) experimental dataset, were used in this study. SC was adjusted to age and body weight measured at 6 mo (SC6), 12 mo (SC12), 18 mo (SC18), and 24 mo of age (SC24). Body weight (BW) measured at 6 mo (BW6), 12 mo (BW12), 18 mo (BW18), and 24 mo of age (BW24) was used as criteria to describe the environment for SC in each age. All the animals measured were genotyped using medium-density SNP chips (“50k” or “70k” SNP) and their genotype were imputed using a reference panel with 729,068 SNP. The environment gradient (EG) was obtained by standardizing the solutions of the contemporary groups obtained by Animal Model with BW as the dependent variable. Then, the reaction norms (RN) were determined through a Random Regression Model. The breeding values (EBV) were estimated using either A−1 or H−1. The rank correlation was obtained using Spearman’s correlation among the EBV estimated for the traits in analysis. For SC6 and SC24, higher estimates of heritability (h²) were obtained using A−1, when compared with those observed with H−1. In those ages, the improvement of the environment decreases the h² coefficient. On the other hand, the h² for SC12 and SC18 increased as the environment became more favorable, regardless of the matrix used. The RN for SC6 and SC24 estimated using A−1 and H−1 showed a decrease of variance from the worst to the best environment, an indication of existence of GxE. On the other hand, for SC12 and SC18, there were no significant differences between the EBV estimated in the lower and in the higher environments, regardless of the kinship matrix used, suggesting absence of GxE on those ages. Spearman’s correlation among EBV estimated using A−1 and H−1 in different EG was practically equal to unity for all traits evaluated. In our study, there was weak evidence of GxE effect on SC in ages suitable for selection for sexual precocity. So, the absence of GxE at 12 and 18 mo means that these ages are advantageous for measuring SC to selection for sexual precocity. The advantage is that no changes in classification were observed when the sires were evaluated in different environments.
Catherine Helen Spence’s Autobiography: Literary Culture and Associational Life in Nineteenth-Century South Australia
Authors: Shaikh Fariha 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This article examines Catherine Helen Spence’s Autobiography through the lens of settler colonial sociability. It argues that Spence strategically depicts associational life in the Autobiography to showcase for her readers a version of organized settler colonial sociability that envisages a role for White, middle-class urban women in the construction and expansion of settler colonial Australia. Spence’s literary and political sociability extends between Australia, Britain and the US. While it is transnational in scope, however, at the same it is exclusionary in its politics: as its very foundation rests on the exclusion of the White working classes and Australian Indigenous peoples.
A deep survey of short GRB host galaxies over z ∼ 0–2: implications for offsets, redshifts, and environments
Authors: O’Connor B , Troja E , Dichiara S , Beniamini P , Cenko S B , Kouveliotou C , González J B , Durbak J , Gatkine P , Kutyrev A , Sakamoto T , Sánchez-Ramírez R , Veilleux S 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
A significant fraction (30 per cent) of well-localized short gamma-ray bursts (sGRBs) lack a coincident host galaxy. This leads to two main scenarios: (i) that the progenitor system merged outside of the visible light of its host, or (ii) that the sGRB resided within a faint and distant galaxy that was not detected by follow-up observations. Discriminating between these scenarios has important implications for constraining the formation channels of neutron star mergers, the rate and environments of gravitational wave sources, and the production of heavy elements in the Universe. In this work, we present the results of our observing campaign targeted at 31 sGRBs that lack a putative host galaxy. Our study effectively doubles the sample of well-studied sGRB host galaxies, now totaling 72 events of which $28{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ lack a coincident host to deep limits (r ≳ 26 or F110W ≳ 27 AB mag), and represents the largest homogeneously selected catalogue of sGRB offsets to date. We find that 70 per cent of sub-arcsecond localized sGRBs occur within 10 kpc of their host’s nucleus, with a median projected physical offset of 5.6 kpc. Using this larger population, we discover an apparent redshift evolution in their locations: bursts at low-z occur at 2 × larger offsets compared to those at z &gt; 0.5. This evolution could be due to a physical evolution of the host galaxies themselves or a bias against faint high-z galaxies. Furthermore, we discover a sample of hostless sGRBs at z ≳ 1 that are indicative of a larger high-z population, constraining the redshift distribution and disfavoring lognormal delay time models.
Hydroxypyridinones in nitrogen-fixing bacterial cultures: a metal buffer for molybdenum and simulation of natural conditions
Authors: Mohr Jan Frieder , Gama Sofia , Roy Sébastien , Bellenger Jean-Philippe , Plass Winfried , Wichard Thomas 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Organic matter regulates the availability of important trace elements in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems by acting as a source and container for microbes. To overcome the limitation of trace elements, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, e.g. release low-molecular-weight chelators (metallophores), which scavenge the essential cofactors of the nitrogenase, iron, and molybdenum (Mo), via complexation and subsequent uptake. The formation of metallophores is triggered by limiting conditions, which must be replicated in the laboratory in order to study metallophores as a mediator in metal cycling. While ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)-based buffer systems for metal cations are well established, there is limited knowledge regarding the buffering of oxoanions such as molybdate in a bacterial growth medium. To mimic the availability of molybdenum in nature under laboratory conditions, this study created a Mo-buffer system for bacterial growth media of the model organisms Azotobacter vinelandii and Frankia sp. CH37. We investigated selected hydroxypyridinones (HPs) as potential molybdenum-chelating agents, determining the amount required for efficient molybdenum complexation by calculating speciation plots of the various candidate complexes in artificial growth media at various pH values. The Mo–maltol system was identified as an ideal, nontoxic molybdenum-buffer system. In the presence of the Mo–maltol system, the growth of Frankia sp. was limited under diazotrophic conditions, whereas A. vinelandii could acquire molybdenum through the release of protochelin and subsequent molybdenum uptake. The study paves the way for unravelling molybdenum recruitment and homeostasis under limiting conditions in bacteria.
Health-Related Quality of Life Outcomes With Two Different Starting Doses of Lenvatinib in Combination With Everolimus for Previously Treated Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Bergerot Cristiane , Young Rha Sun , Pal Sumanta , Koralewski Piotr , Stroyakovskiy Daniil , Alekseev Boris , Parnis Francis , Castellano Daniel , Lyun Lee Jae , Sunela Kaisa , Ciuleanu Tudor , Heng Daniel , Glen Hilary , Wang Jinyi , Bennett Lee , Pan Janice , O’Hara Karen , Puente Javier 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
Preserving health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is an important goal during renal cell carcinoma treatment. We report HRQOL outcomes from a phase II trial (NCT03173560).

Patients and Methods
HRQOL data were collected during a multicenter, randomized, open-label phase II study comparing the safety and efficacy of 2 different starting doses of lenvatinib (18 mg vs. 14 mg daily) in combination with everolimus (5 mg daily), following one prior vascular endothelial growth factor–targeted treatment. HRQOL was measured using 3 different instruments—FKSI-DRS, EORTC QLQ-C30, and EQ-5D-3L—which were all secondary endpoints. Change from baseline was assessed using linear mixed-effects models. Deterioration events for time to deterioration (TTD) analyses were defined using established thresholds for minimally important differences in the change from baseline for each scale. TTD for each treatment arm was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method.

Results
Baseline characteristics of the 343 participants randomly assigned to 18 mg lenvatinib (n = 171) and 14 mg lenvatinib (n = 172) were well balanced. Least-squares mean estimates for change from baseline were favorable for the 18 mg group over the 14 mg group for the FKSI-DRS and most EORTC QLQ-C30 scales, but differences between treatments did not exceed the minimally important thresholds. Median TTD was longer among participants in the 18 mg group than those in the 14 mg group for most scales.

Conclusions
Participants who received an 18 mg lenvatinib starting dose had favorable HRQOL scores and longer TTD on most scales compared with those who received a 14 mg starting dose.
The Karrikin Receptor Karrikin Insensitive2 Positively Regulates Heat Stress Tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Abdelrahman Mostafa , Mostofa Mohammad Golam , Tran Cuong Duy , El-sayed Magdi , Li Weiqiang , Sulieman Saad , Tanaka Maho , Seki Motoaki , Tran Lam-Son Phan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this study, we investigated the potential role of the karrikin receptor KARRIKIN INSENSITIVE2 (KAI2) in the response of Arabidopsis seedlings to high-temperature stress. We performed phenotypic, physiological and transcriptome analyses of Arabidopsis kai2 mutants and wild-type (WT) plants under control (kai2_C and WT_C, respectively) and 6- and 24-h heat stress conditions (kai2_H6, kai2_H24, WT_H6 and WT_H24, respectively) to understand the basis for KAI2-regulated heat stress tolerance. We discovered that the kai2 mutants exhibited hypersensitivity to high-temperature stress relative to WT plants, which might be associated with a more highly increased leaf surface temperature and cell membrane damage in kai2 mutant plants. Next, we performed comparative transcriptome analysis of kai2_C, kai2_H6, kai2_H24, WT_C, WT_H6 and WT_H24 to identify transcriptome differences between WT and kai2 mutants in response to heat stress. K-mean clustering of normalized gene expression separated the investigated genotypes into three clusters based on heat-treated and non-treated control conditions. Within each cluster, the kai2 mutants were separated from WT plants, implying that kai2 mutants exhibited distinct transcriptome profiles relative to WT plants. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses showed a repression in ‘misfolded protein binding’, ‘heat shock protein binding’, ‘unfolded protein binding’ and ‘protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum’ pathways, which was consistent with the downregulation of several genes encoding heat shock proteins and heat shock transcription factors in the kai2 mutant versus WT plants under control and heat stress conditions. Our findings suggest that chemical or genetic manipulation of KAI2 signaling may provide a novel way to improve heat tolerance in plants.
Quantum circuit for the direct measurement of the three-tangle of three-qubit states
Authors: Yahyavi Marziyeh , Jafarizadeh Mohammad Ali , Karimi Naser , Heshmati Ahmad 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Understanding how to decompose quantum computations in the language of the shortest possible sequence of quantum gates is of interest to many researchers due to the importance of the experimental implementation of the desired quantum computations. We contribute to this research by providing a quantum circuit to directly measure the three-tangle of three-qubit quantum states. Direct measurement of outcome probabilities in the computational basis quantifies the three-tangle of the three-qubit quantum states.
The Missing Profits of Nations
Authors: Tørsløv Thomas , Wier Ludvig , Zucman Gabriel 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
By exploiting new macroeconomic data known as foreign affiliates statistics, we show that affiliates of foreign multinational firms are an order of magnitude more profitable than local firms in a number of low-tax countries. Leveraging this differential profitability, we estimate that 36$\%$ of multinational profits are shifted to tax havens globally. US multinationals shift twice as much profit as other multinationals relative to the size of their foreign earnings. We analyse how the location of corporate profits would change if shifted profits were reallocated to their source countries. Domestic profits would increase by about 20$\%$ in high-tax European Union countries, 10$\%$ in the US, and 5$\%$ in developing countries, while they would fall by 55$\%$ in tax havens. We provide a new international database of GDP, trade balances, and factor shares corrected for profit shifting. In contrast to the picture painted by official statistics, our results suggest that the corporate capital share has increased not only in North America but also in high-tax European countries. Capital is making a comeback globally, but its rise is obscured by the tax avoidance strategies of multinational companies.
Comparison of rapid eye movement without atonia quantification methods to diagnose rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder: a systematic review
Authors: Byun Jung-Ick , Yang Tae-Won , Sunwoo Jun-Sang , Shin Won Chul , Kwon Oh-Young , Jung Ki-Young 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Study Objectives
Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep without atonia (RWA) is essential for diagnosing REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD). Manual and automatic quantifications of RWA that use different criteria have been validated. This study compared the RWA quantification methods for diagnosing RBD.

Methods
The PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were systemically searched for studies published from inception to December 2021. The inclusion criteria were cohort, cross-sectional, and case-control studies assessing the sensitivity and specificity of RWA quantification methods. Pooled estimates of the sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the curve (AUC) were determined. Risk of bias and certainty of evidence was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations framework, respectively.

Results
Fourteen articles including 402 patients with RBD met the inclusion criteria. Manual methods evaluating any chin and phasic flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) activity had the highest DOR (138.8, 95% CI = 21.8% to 881.7%) and AUC (0.9686). The automatic REM atonia index (RAI) showed similar or higher sensitivity (89.1%, 95% CI = 84.6% to 92.7%) but a lower specificity (73.5%), DOR (43.1), and AUC (0.9369) than the manual techniques.

Conclusions
In this meta-analysis, manual RWA quantification that employed chin or phasic FDS activity had the best RBD diagnostic performance. The automatic RAI method may be useful for screening patients with RBD. The results should be interpreted carefully because of the high risk of bias in patient selection and significant heterogeneity among the studies.

PROSPERO Registration number
CRD42021276445.