bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tailoring dissemination of evidence to preferences of tobacco control partners: results from an academic-community partnership
Authors: Mckay Virginia , Vogel Mia , Combs Todd , Brossart Laura , Endrizal Amy , Andersen Stephanie , Poor Timothy , Mahoney Margaret , Luke Douglas 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Tobacco control program leaders and their partners, who often present evidence to policymakers, can increase the use of evidence in program and policy development. However, up-to-date evidence from the scientific community about what works is slow to reach leaders. We describe efforts to understand and utilize tobacco control leaders’ preferences for receiving evidence and report on resulting dissemination strategies, translational products, and outcomes.

Methods
This work is part of the Advancing Science and Practice in the Retail Environment (ASPiRE) Center, an interdisciplinary research center focused on understanding and evaluating tobacco retail policy. Participants were members of the ASPiRE Community Advisory Board (CAB), comprised of tobacco control leaders from 30 metropolitan areas representing all regions of the US plus nine representatives from leading national tobacco control organizations (N = 39). During meetings in February 2019 and October 2020, all CAB members were invited to participate in live polls consisting of six survey questions each. Questions addressed preferences for receiving scientific evidence and their anticipated use of ASPiRE translational products. Responses were analyzed descriptively and informed translational product development and communications with ASPiRE contact list members (N = 125). ASPiRE email and website interactions were tracked from March 2019 to May 2021 as a complementary indication of content use.

Results
Response rates for 2019 and 2020 CAB meetings were 66% (n = 26) and 59% (n = 23), respectively. CAB members indicated preferences for email communication (33%) and webinars (31%), communications once per month (46%), and short-format documents (28%). In response, the team developed translational short-format products including case studies, fact sheets, and research briefs. On average, 52% (SD = 14%) of recipients opened the newsletter and 17% (SD = 9%) clicked a link within the newsletter. Overall, 95% of responding CAB members found the products useful and all responding CAB members reported using them to communicate evidence to policymakers, staff, and coalition members.

Conclusions
Our successful dissemination approach to making evidence more accessible and useable for tobacco control leaders could be adapted by researchers working with community partners to assess and respond to stakeholders’ preferences for receiving evidence in other areas of health policy.
Implementation and evaluation of a large-scale postpartum family planning program in Rwanda: study protocol for a clinic-randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wall Kristin M. , Ingabire Rosine , Mazzei Amelia , Umuhoza Claudine , Parker Rachel , Tichacek Amanda , Nizam Azhar , Sales Jessica M. , Haddad Lisa B. , Corso Phaedra , Allen Susan , Nyombayire Julien , Karita Etienne 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Though the Rwandan Ministry of Health (MOH) prioritizes the scale-up of postpartum family planning (PPFP) programs, uptake and sustainability of PPFP services in Rwanda are low. Furthermore, highly effective long-acting reversible contraceptive method use (LARC), key in effective PPFP programs, is specifically low in Rwanda. We previously pilot tested a supply-demand intervention which significantly increased the use of postpartum LARC (PPLARC) in Rwandan government clinics. In this protocol, we use an implementation science framework to test whether our intervention is adaptable to large-scale implementation, cost-effective, and sustainable.

Methods
In a type 2 effectiveness-implementation hybrid study, we will evaluate the impact of our PPFP intervention on postpartum LARC (PPLARC) uptake in a clinic-randomized trial in 12 high-volume health facilities in Kigali, Rwanda. We will evaluate this hybrid study using the RE-AIM framework. The independent effectiveness of each PPFP demand creation strategy on PPLARC uptake among antenatal clinic attendees who later deliver in a study facility will be estimated. To assess sustainability, we will assess the intervention adoption, implementation, and maintenance. Finally, we will evaluate intervention cost-effectiveness and develop a national costed implementation plan.

Discussion
Adaptability and sustainability within government facilities are critical aspects of our proposal, and the MOH and other local stakeholders will be engaged from the outset. We expect to deliver PPFP counseling to over 21,000 women/couples during the project period. We hypothesize that the intervention will significantly increase the number of stakeholders engaged, PPFP providers and promoters trained, couples/clients receiving information about PPFP, and PPLARC uptake comparing intervention versus standard of care. We expect PPFP client satisfaction will be high. Finally, we also hypothesize that the intervention will be cost-saving relative to the standard of care. This intervention could dramatically reduce unintended pregnancy and abortion, as well as improve maternal and newborn health. Our PPFP implementation model is designed to be replicable and expandable to other countries in the region which similarly have a high unmet need for PPFP.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05056545. Registered on 31 March 2022.
The partial boundary value conditions of nonlinear degenerate parabolic equation
Authors: Zhi Yuan , Zhan Huashui 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe stability of the solutions to a parabolic equation $$ \frac{\partial u}{\partial t} = \Delta A(u) +\sum_{i=1}^{N}b_{i}(x,t)D_{i}u-c(x,t)u-f(x,t) $$

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1

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D
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with homogeneous boundary condition is considered. Since the set $\{s: A'(s)=a(s)=0\}$
{
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:

A
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may have an interior point, the equation is with strong degeneracy and the Dirichlet boundary value condition is overdetermined generally. How to find a partial boundary value condition to match up with the equation is studied in this paper. By choosing a suitable test function, the stability of entropy solutions is obtained by Kruzkov bi-variables method.
Early life famine exposure and anthropometric profile in adulthood: a systematic review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Arage Getachew , Belachew Tefera , Abate Kalkidan Hassen 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Previous famine studies reported the association between early life famine exposure and adulthood anthropometric profile. However, the findings were variable. Thus, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to clarify the association of famine exposure in early life with the anthropometric profiles in adults.

Methods
Potentially relevant studies were searched through Scopus, Medline, Google Scholar and Google for gray literature and reference lists of previous studies. The random effects model (REM) and I2 test was used to adapt the pooling method and assess heterogeneity, respectively.

Results
Prenatal famine exposure was associated with increased risk of body mass index [SMD = 0.10 (95% CI: 0.02, 0.18)], waist circumference [SMD = 0.21 (95% CI: 0.11, 0.31)] in adults. Likewise, famine exposure during prenatal life was associated with decreased adult height [SMD) = − 0.26 (95% CI: − 0.44, − 0.09)]. Moreover, famine exposure during early childhood was associated with increased risk of waist circumference [SMD = 0.09 (95% CI: 0.01, 0.16)] and decreased adult height [SMD = − 0.16 (95% CI: − 0.27, − 0.04)].

Conclusion
Our finding indicates that exposure to famine during early life was associated with the anthropometric profile of adults. In terms of public health significance, the results of the study further underscore the importance of improving the nutritional status of mothers and children to prevent adulthood diseases in the long run.

Systematic review registration number
PROSPERO CRD42020168424
Prevalence of complications associated with polymer-based alloplastic materials in nasal dorsal augmentation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Keyhan Seied Omid , Ramezanzade Shaqayeq , Yazdi Reza Golvardi , Valipour Mohammad Amin , Fallahi Hamid Reza , Shakiba Madjid , Aeinehvand Mahsa 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Various techniques with different grafts and implants have been proposed to establish a smooth and symmetric nasal dorsum with adequate function. Broadly, two categories of materials have been used in this regard: alloplastic implant materials and autograft materials. The aim of these meta-analyses is to explore the incidence of complications after dorsum augmentation surgery using alloplastic materials.

Materials and methods
After duplication removal 491 papers remained that title and abstract were assessed for eligibility. Regarding the study type, 27 observational studies were included, 21 retrospective and 6 prospective case series. A total of 3803 cases were enrolled in this systematic review and meta-analysis.

Result
Twenty-seven articles reported on complications and outcomes of dorsal augmentation rhinoplasty with synthetic materials. In a random-effects model, the weighted mean percentage was 2.75% (95% CI 1.61 to 4.17%). the weighted mean percentage were 1.91% (95% CI 0.77 to 3.54%), 0.72% (95% CI 0.316 to 1.31%), and 0.78% (95% CI 0.43 to 1.24%) respectively.

Conclusion
The widely used alloplasts were expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE), high-density polyethylene, and silicone. The total rates for complications, infection, deviation, irregularity, hematoma, extrusion, and overcorrection were 2.75%, 1.91%, 0.72%, 0.70%, 0.78%, and 0.49%, respectively. The revision rate, based on the random effects model, was 6.40% with 95%CI (3.84 to 9.57).

Trial registration
This meta-analysis was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO, registration number CRD42020209644).
Opinion: regulatory genotoxicity: past, present and future
Authors: Hayashi Makoto 
Published: April 2022

AbstractI will reflect on the role of genotoxicity in the regulation of chemical safety, summarizing the past and current situation, and giving personal views for the future. This includes how genotoxicity information has been, and is being, used in the evaluation of the safety of chemical substances including pharmaceuticals, pesticides, food additives and industrial chemicals before they are introduced into the market for sale.In Japan, the Industrial Safety and Health Act, enacted in 1972, assures workers’ safety by including safety assessment of chemicals to which workers may be exposed in the workplace. The law firstly included the bacterial gene mutation assay with rat liver microsome fraction (Ames test) for the evaluation of chemical mutagenicity to predict carcinogenic potential, which was the forerunner of requiring a genotoxicity test by law. Since then, genotoxicity, especially the Ames test and the in vitro chromosomal aberration test using cultured mammalian cells (especially Chinese hamster cells) have been incorporated into several laws to assess the safety of various chemicals. Many test systems for different endpoints have been developed, improved, and used in practice. The battery strategy, combining several test systems to detect as many genotoxic chemicals as possible, was implemented because no one test system can detect all genotoxic agents with different mechanisms of genetic damage. In general, the standard battery consists of the Ames test, in vitro chromosomal aberration test and the in vivo rodent erythrocyte micronucleus test as a representative in vivo assay. Many other test systems have been used for supplementary testing as well as for research studies. Important keywords for regulatory science include 1) guidelines, 2) Good Laboratory Practice, 3) evaluation and interpretation of test results. Here, I discuss on these key points, and give personal opinions for the future.
Geochemical characteristics and shale oil exploration potential of the Da’anzhai Member in the Sichuan Basin, southwest China
Authors: Zhang Shaomin , Xiao Zhenglu , Zhang Rui , Liu Zhanghao , Li Yucong , Tang Longxiang , Bai Rong , Zonghui Lin 
Published: April 2022

Based on the analysis of the organic geochemical characteristics of the shale in the Da’anzhai Member in the Sichuan Basin, southwest China, we discuss the hydrocarbon generation potential, hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency ( EH), and oil-bearing properties to identify the dominant exploration direction for shale oil. The results indicate that: (1) the Da’anzhai shale has low organic matter content and high maturity with the average total organic carbon (TOC) content of 1.27% and average vitrinite reflectance (Ro) of 1.29%, (2) the EH of the Da’anzhai shale ranges from 0% to 92% with an average value of 72%, (3) the lower limit of TOC for shale commercial production is 1.5%, which is lower than any current standard in China and North America, and (4) shale oil in the center lacustrine basin is more enriched compared with the outskirts of the basin with [Formula: see text], Ro < 1.25%, EH < 67%, and oil saturation index > 100 mg/(g·TOC). These results indicate that the prospects for shale oil exploration in the central basin are optimistic and should be the key exploration area for shale oil in the future.
Nanoindentation investigation of mechanical and creep properties of continental Triassic Yanchang Formation shale, Ordos Basin
Authors: Wang Jianfeng , Yang Chao , Liu Yuke , Xiong Yongqiang 
Published: April 2022

The mechanical and creep properties of shale have a great impact on wellbore stability and artificial fracturing performance during shale gas exploration. We have applied nanoindentation to study the preceding two aspects of the lacustrine Triassic Yanchang Formation shale in Ordos Basin on the microscale, which is the representative exploration target for shale gas occurring in continental shales in China. A massive nanoindentation campaign finds that the Yanchang shale is highly mechanically heterogeneous in local areas but statistically homogeneous in large areas. The sequentially increasing indentation loads (5–400 mN) result in a two-stage change of values of Young’s modulus and hardness, i.e., descending first and then remaining steady with a turning point at approximately 300 mN, which suggests that the large indentation load of not less than 300 mN can detect the mechanical response of bulk shale on the microscale. In addition, the indentation tests reveal a strong anisotropy of mechanical properties of Yanchang shale, as the measured Young’s modulus and hardness in the bedding plane parallel are much larger than those in the bedding plane normal direction. Furthermore, the Yanchang shale presents strong creep behavior and weak fracture toughness, which are different from those of current gas-producing marine shales worldwide. We attribute this to the higher content of clay minerals and relatively more loose texture of the Yanchang shale. In particular, the creep strain-rate sensitivity ( m) is calculated to be 0.102–0.134, suggesting that the dominant deformation mechanism of the lacustrine Yanchang shale may be dislocation creep.
COAST: An Open-Label, Phase II, Multidrug Platform Study of Durvalumab Alone or in Combination With Oleclumab or Monalizumab in Patients With Unresectable, Stage III Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Herbst Roy S. , Majem Margarita , Barlesi Fabrice , Carcereny Enric , Chu Quincy , Monnet Isabelle , Sanchez-Hernandez Alfredo , Dakhil Shaker , Camidge D. Ross , Winzer Leanne , Soo-Hoo Yee , Cooper Zachary A. , Kumar Rakesh , Bothos John , Aggarwal Charu , Martinez-Marti Alex 
Published: April 2022

PURPOSE Durvalumab significantly improves overall survival for patients with unresectable stage III non–small-cell lung cancer and no progression after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (cCRT). Building upon that standard of care, COAST is a phase II study of durvalumab alone or combined with the anti-CD73 monoclonal antibody oleclumab or anti-NKG2A monoclonal antibody monalizumab as consolidation therapy in this setting. METHODS Patients with unresectable stage III non–small-cell lung cancer, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0/1, and no progression after cCRT were randomly assigned 1:1:1, ≤ 42 days post-cCRT, to durvalumab alone or combined with oleclumab or monalizumab for up to 12 months, stratified by histology. The primary end point was investigator-assessed confirmed objective response rate (ORR; RECIST v1.1). RESULTS Between January 2019 and July 2020, 189 patients were randomly assigned. At this interim analysis (data cutoff, May 17, 2021), median follow-up was 11.5 months (range, 0.4-23.4 months; all patients). Confirmed ORR was numerically higher with durvalumab plus oleclumab (30.0%; 95% CI, 18.8 to 43.2) and durvalumab plus monalizumab (35.5%; 95% CI, 23.7 to 48.7) versus durvalumab (17.9%; 95% CI, 9.6 to 29.2). Progression-free survival (PFS) was prolonged with both combinations versus durvalumab (plus oleclumab: hazard ratio, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.26 to 0.75; and plus monalizumab: hazard ratio, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.24 to 0.72), with higher 12-month PFS rates (plus oleclumab: 62.6% [95% CI, 48.1 to 74.2] and plus monalizumab: 72.7% [95% CI, 58.8 to 82.6] v durvalumab alone: 33.9% [95% CI, 21.2 to 47.1]). All-cause grade ≥ 3 treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 40.7%, 27.9%, and 39.4% with durvalumab plus oleclumab, durvalumab plus monalizumab, and durvalumab, respectively. CONCLUSION Both combinations increased ORR and prolonged PFS versus durvalumab alone. Safety was similar across arms with no new or significant safety signals identified with either combination. These data support their further evaluation in a phase III trial.
Aromatase Inhibition Eliminates Sexual Receptivity Without Enhancing Weight Gain in Ovariectomized Marmoset Monkeys
Authors: Kraynak Marissa , Willging Molly M , Kuehlmann Alex L , Kapoor Amita A , Flowers Matthew T , Colman Ricki J , Levine Jon E , Abbott David H 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Context
Ovarian estradiol supports female sexual behavior and metabolic function. While ovariectomy (OVX) in rodents abolishes sexual behavior and enables obesity, OVX in nonhuman primates decreases, but does not abolish, sexual behavior, and inconsistently alters weight gain.

Objective
We hypothesize that extra-ovarian estradiol provides key support for both functions, and to test this idea, we employed aromatase inhibition to eliminate extra-ovarian estradiol biosynthesis and diet-induced obesity to enhance weight gain.

Methods
Thirteen adult female marmosets were OVX and received (1) estradiol-containing capsules and daily oral treatments of vehicle (E2; n = 5); empty capsules and daily oral treatments of either (2) vehicle (VEH, 1 mL/kg, n = 4), or (3) letrozole (LET, 1 mg/kg, n = 4).

Results
After 7 months, we observed robust sexual receptivity in E2, intermediate frequencies in VEH, and virtually none in LET females (P = .04). By contrast, few rejections of male mounts were observed in E2, intermediate frequencies in VEH, and high frequencies in LET females (P = .04). Receptive head turns were consistently observed in E2, but not in VEH and LET females. LET females, alone, exhibited robust aggressive rejection of males. VEH and LET females demonstrated increased % body weight gain (P = .01). Relative estradiol levels in peripheral serum were E2 &gt;&gt;&gt; VEH &gt; LET, while those in hypothalamus ranked E2 = VEH &gt; LET, confirming inhibition of local hypothalamic estradiol synthesis by letrozole.

Conclusion
Our findings provide the first evidence for extra-ovarian estradiol contributing to female sexual behavior in a nonhuman primate, and prompt speculation that extra-ovarian estradiol, and in particular neuroestrogens, may similarly regulate sexual motivation in other primates, including humans.
Association Between Weight Change and Increased Likelihood of Abdominal Aortic Calcification Among Men
Authors: Huang Yanting , Ruan Zhijie , Lin Weizhao , Chen Zhichao , Zhang Liling , Li Zhi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Objective
We aimed to explore the effect of weight change on abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) among men.

Methods
Data were obtained from the 2013 to 2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Self-reported cardiovascular disease patients were excluded. Lateral spine images were used to quantify AAC score and severe AAC was defined as a AAC score greater than 6. Weight change over a 10-year period was defined as long-term weight change, and weight change over a 1-year period was defined as short-term weight change. The relationship between long-term and short-term weight change with AAC grade was estimated by using multivariable regression analysis and subgroup analysis.

Results
After adjusting for covariates, weight gain, especially severe weight gain (&gt; 10 kg), was associated with increased likelihood of AAC and severe AAC both in the short term (1 year) and long term (10 years) among men when compared to stable weight change, while long-term weight loss could also lead to an increased likelihood of AAC and severe AAC.

Conclusion
Stable body weight might be a predictor of a lower risk of AAC and severe AAC among men in the long term and short term.
Dentists’ perceptions on present and future dental practice during the COVID-19 pandemic: An embedded study
Authors: Shenoy Ramya , Das Deeksha , Mukherjee Megha , Baranya Shrikrishna Suprabha , Denny Ceena , D’Souza Violet 
Published: April 2022

Background: The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has placed a significant burden on everyone. Although dental professionals are at an increased risk of COVID-19 infection, currently, very little is known about how oral health professionals and their professions could be affected by the pandemic. This study aims to investigate dentists' perceptions on present and future dental practice in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We conducted an embedded mixed-methods study at Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, with Indian dentists registered with the Dental Council of India. Results: Of the 976 participating dentists, 61% were females, 32% were 40 years of age or younger. Nearly half of the respondents (54%) acknowledged that the lockdown measures caused them a severe financial burden, and 56% were seriously concerned about being a source of infection to their family, friends, and community. Although 79% felt very comfortable or somewhat comfortable going back to work, they were all worried that Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) use would increase their financial burden and impact the number of patients seeking care. Even though a vast majority received the necessary information regarding returning to practice from their concerned dental regulatory bodies, some were unsure about the reuse of the PPEs because of the conflicting information they received. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic affected participants' professional lives negatively. Their major concerns were being a source of infection to their families and community. Providing information to dental professionals in a timely manner may prepare dentists to provide safe care to their patients while protecting themselves, their staff, and their families.