bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NEPENTHES HARAUENSIS, A NEW SPECIES OF NEPENTHACEAE FROM WEST SUMATRA
Authors: Hernawati Hernawati , Satria Robi , Lee Ch'ien C. 
Published: June 2022

HERNAWATI, SATRIA, R. & LEE, C. C. 2022. Nepenthes harauensis, a new species of Nepenthaceae from West Sumatra. Reinwardtia 21(1): 19‒23. — A new species of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae) from the Harau region of West Sumatra is described as Nepenthes harauensis Hernawati, R.Satria & Chi.C.Lee. This species shares specific characteristics with both N. bongso and N. singalana but is unique in its thickly coriaceous and petiolate leaves, which are elliptic-oblong and have a distinctly peltate tendril insertion.
Freshwater and fisheries: The need for comparative valuation
Authors: Bartley Devin Michael 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Aquatic ecosystems and specifically the freshwater therein, provide several ecosystem benefits including provisioning, regulating, supporting, and cultural services. These benefits are substantial but are not partitioned equally or equitably among the various stakeholders. Demand for freshwater is expected to double by 2050; the inland fisheries sector is in competition with other users of freshwater and will need to demonstrate the value of freshwater and its fisheries to ensure appropriate policies to manage inland aquatic ecosystems.
I have examined published material to estimate the value of water to industry, domestic, agriculture, and fisheries users. Although the estimates are extremely rough, there are differences of many orders of magnitude in the value of freshwater depending on what it is used for. For example: Inland fisheries harvested in 2016 ∼ 10.2 million t worth US$5.5 billionInland aquaculture produced in 2016 33.8 million t worth US$61.1 billion45,000 large dams generated 20 percent of world electricity worth US$5.7 trillionLarge dams irrigated 100 million ha of land worth US$665 billion
The large values associated with water use by non-fisheries sectors are often not realized by the fisheries, sector, but need to be in policy negotiations. The large differences in dollar value between inland fisheries’ products and the other users of freshwater do not reflect the true value of inland fisheries in terms of nutrition, food security, and cultural values for many stakeholders. Those values are difficult to determine, and the stakeholders are often rural communities in developing countries whose needs are not often addressed. As reflected in the Rome Declaration: Ten steps to responsible inland fisheries, efforts must be made to engage other users of freshwater and accurately value the services provided by freshwater ecosystems. Examples of specific benefits derived from freshwater fish are provided to help develop a robust valuation system for these ecosystem services. Inland fisheries will never produce the number of pounds of product produced from irrigated farmland, or surpass the value of electricity from hydropower, but crops and electricity do not have the nutritional value of fish. Therefore, elements of a more robust value system and framework are proposed that acknowledges the other uses of freshwater and addresses the social and cultural needs of communities that depend on inland fisheries for their livelihood.
Ecosystem services in the floodplains: Socio-cultural services associated with ecosystem unpredictability in the Pantanal wetland, Brazil
Authors: Chiaravalloti Rafael Morais , Bolzan Fabio , Roque Fabio de Oliveira , Biswas Sumalika 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Ecosystem services do not exist independently from human perceptions and recognition. They are socially, culturally, economically, and environmentally scale- and context-dependent. Socio-cultural services tend to be difficult to evaluate and invisible to policymakers and conservation practitioners. Based on six years’ qualitative analysis of a floodplain fishery in the Pantanal wetland, Brazil, we bring an in-depth understanding of the socio-cultural ecosystem services in the region. We show that the inter- and intra-annual ecosystem dynamics variations in the flood pulse are closely associated with local people's governance structure, identity, and cosmological histories. All of them, to some extent, capture some of the unpredictable changes in the Pantanal. Our study uncovers part of the complex and rich social-cultural ecosystem service created from the interaction between local people and the ecosystem in which they are embedded. We also present the threats faced by these services in the face of current development projects in the Pantanal, such as the Waterway and Hydrometric Dams. We argue that the predicted outcome may jeopardize not only the social-cultural services in the Pantanal, but also the local people themselves and the environment that they are currently protecting.
Representasi Perempuan pada Pemilihan Kepala Daerah: Ikhtisar Pilkada Serentak di Jawa Tengah 2020
Authors: Marwah Sofa , Catur Pratiwi Oktafiani 
Published: June 2022

This paper aims to examine the women's representation in Pilkada (local election) 2020 in Central Java. Studies on women's representation include descriptive representation, the backgrounds of the elected female regents, and gender issues in the campaign. The Pilkada 2020 has become more specific. Pilkada 2020 held during the covid-19 pandemic. The results show that the number of candidates participating in Pilkada 2020 in Central Java was decreasing. However, there is an increase in female regents elected in the Pilkada 2020, compared to the Pilkada 2015, as can be seen from both the number of female regent candidates and the number of elected female regents. Some of the women regents' backgrounds are incumbents and party cadres. Some of them also have husbands/fathers who have been prominent figures in the election area. Most of the elected female regents have included gender issues in campaign materials. Yet, gender perspective has not been strongly asserted in their proposed policies. Despite advancing slowly, the progress in political arena remains to bring optimism in gender equality promotion.
Nonlinearity mitigation of self-phase modulation effect in coherent optical system
Authors: Hadjadji Narimane , Hamdi Rachid 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the proficiency of nonlinearity compensation studied on the polarization division multiplexing 0.3 return-to-zero quadrature phase-shift keying (PDM-0.3RZ-QAM) coherent optical system. The considerable nonlinear effect is the self-phase modulation (SPM) in the presence of chromatic dispersion. The nonlinearity mitigation technique based on the digital backpropagation (DBP) algorithm is implemented on the receiver side. The performance of the system was investigated in different terms as the optical signal-noise ratio, bit error rate, and the maximum transmission distance. The results demonstrated that the penalties were decreased by 3 dB. The maximum achievable distance was extended to 2000 km.
A simple chaotic base encryption scheme for securing OFDM-PON communications
Authors: Ridha Oday A.L.A , Jabori Hiba Abd Alwahab , Mohammed Husam Abduldaem 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Optical communications and their security have been got a great attention. In this work, a simple, low cost and secure optical system integrating orthogonal frequency division multiplexing-based passive optical network (OFDM-PON) and chaotic theory is proposed. In the proposed system, a novel scheme of quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) encryption method is adopted. For privacy of image and video encryption, the process of encryption consists of two processes and a 3D chaotic system is employed. The chaotic system is used to generate the encryption sequences. In the first stage, the first generated chaotic sequence is XORed with the incoming data. While in the second stage, the QAM symbol is remapped using the other two generated chaotic sequences. Generally, the proposed system is designed to provide secure data, videos, and images transmission. The proposed system is simulated and evaluated with a transmission of a 10 Gb/s along 50 km single-mode fiber (SMF). The performance of the proposed system showed that there is a performance enhancement in terms of Peak to average power ratio (PAPR) and bit error rate (BER). The BER of unauthorized user is around 0.6147, while the PAPR is reduced to approximately half. The proposed system is simple and doesn’t require complex computations. It requires simple analog multiplexers for its implementation.
Security enhancement of visible light communication system using proposed 2D-WMZCC codes under the effects of eavesdropper
Authors: Kaur Harleen , Singh Grewal Narwant 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Security postulates of visible light communication (VLC) is a paramount area of consideration due to its deployment in military, businesses, and residential establishments. Optical code division multiplexing (OCDMA) is prominent multiples access technique to serve multiple users and offer better security as compared to other available techniques such as wavelength and time division multiplexing (TDM). Wavelength conversion, multicode keying, optical logic gates, and quantum key distribution are some of the widely used security enhancement techniques but come at high cost and greater complexity. Zero cross correlation codes (ZCC) with integration of time dimension is an ultimate solution to the complex security improvement techniques but conventional two dimensional (2D) ZCC codes has an utmost issue of adjacent weights (W) and time (t) in the code which can be easily decoded by eavesdropper. Therefore, in this work, a novel weight managed ZCC (WMZCC) OCDMA code is presented with the non-adjacent W and t in the code matrix for making authentic information decoding difficult. Proposed 2D-WMZCC codes are investigated for 5 users at 100 Gbps over VLC link length of 5 m using polarization division multiplexed (PDM) quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) and digital signal processing in terms of log symbol error rate (log SER), Q factor and bit error rate (BER). Further, a detailed comparison of 2D-WMZCC codes is performed with existing 2D diagonal identity matrix (DIM) codes and results revealed that former one exhibits better security than later OCDMA code.
Assessing Freshmen Undergraduate Students’ Comprehension of Library Vocabularies in Library Orientation Sessions
Authors: Ahmed S.M. Zabed , Hossain Md. Noman 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This paper evaluates freshmen undergraduate students’ comprehension of library vocabularies used by librarians in library orientation sessions. For the assessment, a questionnaire survey was conducted among a group of 1456 freshmen students during library orientations at a premier public university in Bangladesh. In addition to students’ socio-demographic and personal information, the survey included 15-multiple choice questions on the definition of library terminologies. For each definition, the correct answer was given a score of “1” whereas the wrong or unsure response was assigned a score of “0.” Statistical procedures, t-test and ANOVA, were run to test the equality of means between student groups. A Generalised Estimating Equation (GEE) model was applied to determine the effect of socio-demographic and personal variables on students’ category-specific scores. The findings indicate that more than half of the terms were either incorrectly defined or not known to students. There were significant differences in freshmen’s total and category-specific scores based on gender, age, previous residence, discipline enrolled, computer and library experience and in terms of their previous exposure to library instructions. The GEE model showed that category-specific scores were significantly associated with term types and prior computer and library experience.
Epistemology, Political Perils and the Ethnocentrism Problem in Feminism
Authors: Davanger Oda K. S. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Nobody claims to be a proponent of white feminism, but according to the critique presented in this article, many in fact are. I argue that feminism that does not take multiple axes of oppression into account is bad in three ways: (1) it strategically undermines solidarity between women; (2) it risks inconsistency by advocating justice and equality for some women but not all; and (3) it impedes the ultimate function of feminism function by employing epistemological “master’s tools” that stand in antithesis to feminist emancipatory work. In investigating ethnocentrism in feminism, I develop the idea of latent ethnocentrism, which occupies the space between meaning that is generated from reference to the self and overt racism. I identify an epistemological prong in the ethnocentrism charge against feminism, where I draw on bell hooks’ interlocking axes-model of oppression to answer why the ethnocentrism problem is important for feminism and what its underlying epistemological causes are. I draw on Uma Narayan’s destabilization of cultural dualisms to argue that they do not serve emancipatory agendas. There is a mutually constitutive relation between language that informs our understanding, on the one hand, and the political agendas that produce this language to sustain the male and the western norm as center, on the other hand. I call this circular and reciprocally reinforcing mechanism the episteme-politic. I conclude that the ethnocentrism problem is not merely an issue of (1) strategy or (2) feminist consistency but of (3) shooting oneself in the foot by uncritically accepting patriarchal concepts for feminist politics.
Utilizing fine coal waste as a topsoil substitute on mine reclamation
Authors: Sriningsih Wahyu , Iskandar Iskandar , Suryaningtyas Dyah Tjahyandari 
Published: June 2022

<h3 align="left"> </h3><p>Topsoil in post-mined land generally has a low fertility level. Its availability is not always in sufficient quantities to meet minimal needs for mine reclamation, so substitute materials and ameliorants are needed to increase its quantity and quality. Fine coal and fly ash-bottom ash (FABA) are wastes expected to reduce the demand for topsoil and, at the same time, may improve topsoil quality. This study aimed to examine the application of fine coal as a topsoil substitution and its effect on changes in the chemical properties of topsoil and the growth of <em>jabon</em><em>v </em>(<em>Anthocephalus chinensis</em>). The study was conducted in a greenhouse with a completely randomized design model with two factors. The first factor was fine coal with four levels of 0, 10, 20, and 50% from the topsoil (w/w), and the second factor was FABA with three levels of 0, 500, 1000 g/15 kg of growing media. The <em>jabon</em><em> </em>plant was grown for 24 weeks. The results showed that up to 50% fine coal could be used as a topsoil substitution. The interaction of fine coal and FABA increase pH, organic C, total N, cation exchange capacity, available P, base saturation, exchangeable cations, and micronutrients, and reduce the amount of exchangeable Al in the soil. FABA with a dose of 1000 g/15 kg of growing media and 50% fine coal was the best treatment to increase the growth of the <em>jabon </em>plant.</p>
The potential of intercropping of Crotalaria juncea on the reduction of Pb accumulation in Brassica rapa and Phaseolus vulgaris grown on Pb-contaminated soil
Authors: Rahayu Yekti Sri , Maghfoer Moch. Dawam , Wardiyati Tatik 
Published: June 2022

Many factors cause increasing Pb contamination in soils, including intensive crop production, motor vehicle exhaust gas around agricultural land areas, or irrigation mixed with household. An effort is needed to minimize Pb contamination in soils. This experiment aimed to examine the potential of <em>Crotalaria juncea</em> L. intercropped for minimizing the accumulation of Pb in vegetable crops grown intensively using agrochemicals. The treatments tested were monoculture of <em>Brassica rapa</em>, monoculture of <em>Phaseolus vulgaris</em>, monoculture of <em>C.juncea</em>, intercropping <em>C. juncea</em> with <em>B.rapa</em>, and intercropping <em>C. juncea</em> with <em>P. vulgaris</em>. Results of the study showed that planting of <em>C. juncea</em> reduced the total dry weight of <em>B.rapa </em>by 33.47% and increased the total dry weight of <em>P. vulgaris</em> by 17.41% compared to monoculture. Intercropping of <em>B rapa</em> or <em>P. vulgaris </em>with <em>C. juncea</em> reduced the total Pb concentration of <em>B. rapa </em>by 45.64%, and that of <em>P. vulgaris</em> by 16.22%. Planting of <em>C. juncea</em> reduced the Pb concentration in <em>B. rapa </em>by 21.23% (Pb 0.89 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>) and that in <em>P. vulgaris</em> by 76.03% (Pb 0.93 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>). Monoculture planting of <em>C.juncea</em> and intercropping of <em>C. juncea </em>with <em>B. rapa </em>or <em>P. vulgaris</em> reduced the concentration of available Pb and total Pb in the soil to not detected value, compared to monoculture planting of <em>B. rapa </em>and <em>P. vulgaris.</em>
РОЗВИТОК ЗОВНІШНЬОТОРГОВЕЛЬНОГО СЕКТОРУ ЕКОНОМІКИ: МЕТОДИЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ ОЦІНЮВАННЯ РЕГІОНАЛЬНИХ ТЕНДЕНЦІЙ
Authors: Diatlova V.V. , Diatlova Yu.V. , Yerokhina D.O. 
Published: June 2022

Розвиток зовнішньоторговельного сектору економіки країни та регіонів є одним із вкрай важливих завдань держави для створення умов щодо їх економічного зростання та підвищення рівня життя населення. Актуальність дослідження тенденцій зовнішньоторговельного сектору економіки та необхідність удосконалення методичного підходу до їх оцінювання в регіонах зумовили мету даної статті. У дослідженні використано методи статистичного та системно-структурного аналізу (для визначення тенденцій розвитку зовнішньоторговельного сектору економіки за певними показниками), математичного моделювання і розрахунковий метод (для визначення значень показників, кореляційно-регресійного аналізу їх зміни), логічного узагальнення (для формулювання результатів і висновків).
Методичний підхід до оцінювання тенденцій розвитку зовнішньоторговельного сектору економіки удосконалено за рахунок розширення переліку показників. Показники обрані як зі статистичних даних (обсяги експорту та імпорту, зовнішньоторговельний баланс, коефіцієнт покриття експортом імпорту), так і отримані розрахунковим методом (зміни до попереднього або базового року, товарна структура, питома вага країн-партнерів і інші). Їх аналіз по країні дозволив визначити нестійкі тенденції в період 2014-2020 років. Хвилеподібний характер їх змін підтверджується отриманою математичною моделлю. Для визначення регіональних тенденцій щодо експорту та імпорту потрібні додаткові розрахунки, оскільки показники надаються окремо щодо товарів і послуг. Використання показників дозволило визначити експортну або імпортну орієнтацію адміністративно-територіальних регіонів. Тенденції за економічними регіонами можуть бути визначені тільки розрахунковим методом. Зокрема, запропоновано модель розрахунку коефіцієнту покриття експортом імпорту. Аналіз значень показників довів обґрунтованість їх використання у сукупності для оцінювання тенденцій і визначення регіонів, орієнтованих на експорт. Методичний аспект оцінювання регіональних тенденцій може бути застосований при формуванні інструментів реалізації державної політики та розробленні регіональних стратегій.
COMPETITIVE INFLUENCE OF TNCS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL ECONOMIES IN GLOBAL CONDITIONS
Authors: Halaziuk N.M. 
Published: June 2022

At the present stage of development of the world economy - the stage of globalization, a significant role is played by transnational corporations, which become leading trading companies, investors, distributors of modern technologies, scientific and technological progress, stimulators of international labor migration. It was multinational corporations that laid the foundation for interdependent economic activity around the world, and later became the foundation of the global economy.
Today, multinational corporations are not only the main actors in the world, but also an important part of the national economy, whose role is growing every year. In the context of the rapid development of globalization processes in the world economic space, an important trend is the development of TNCs. It is obvious that in today's conditions TNCs allow them to accumulate financial and investment flows in host and home countries, create incentives for innovative technologies and new products, introduce new methods and principles of effective management and promote competitiveness of the national economy.
The purpose of this work is to study the competitive influence of TNCs on the development of national economies, the prospects of their activities in the growing globalization of world economic relations.
In the process of research general and specific economic methods were used, namely abstract, logical, method of combining historical and logical, analysis and synthesis, calculation of absolute and relative values.
Research has shown that TNCs are the largest players in the world economy, the efficiency of the national economy, its participation in WFP, the level of integration and international competitiveness depend more on the success of TNCs based in the country.
The scientific novelty of the obtained results is that, the author proved, the key role of TNCs as the largest actor in the world economy, the level of integration and international competitiveness largely depend on the successful operation of TNCs.
The practical significance of the results is that formulated and substantiated scientific findings, conclusions can be used to increase the international competitiveness of the national economy through the use of investment activities of TNCs in the deepening globalization.
РОЛЬ МИРОТВОРЦІВ У ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННІ МІЖНАРОДНОЇ КОЛЕКТИВНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ
Authors: Kvasniy L.G. , Paslavska V.V. , Basarab O. V. 
Published: June 2022

В статті обґрунтовано, що завдання збереження миру, запобігання збройним конфліктам, не допущення знищення людей під час військових та етнічних протистоянь потребує об’єднання усіх зусиль Світового співтовариства. Розглянуто питання ролі миротворчої діяльності ООН, участі в ній окремих держав, у тому числі й України. Доведено що війна в Україні, зумовлена військовою агресією РФ, показала, що світ не став стабільним, оскільки конфлікти спалахують в багатьох країнах, як і в минулі роки. Теперішня війна в Україні, спричинена РФ показала недостатність та малу ефективність підтримки ООН у питанні припинення війни та забезпечені міжнародної безпеки. Встановлено, що історично головна роль НАТО — забезпечення свободи і безпеки країн-членів з використанням політичних і військових засобів. НАТО дотримується цінностей демократії, індивідуальної свободи, верховенства права та мирного розв’язання суперечок. Світовий досвід показує, що нейтралітет сьогодні економічно, політично і безпеково невигідний. Обґрунтовано що нові непередбачувані загрози та виклики безпеці ставлять перед кожною цивілізованою країною проблему вибору: військовий нейтралітет чи участь у системі колективної безпеки. Проти спільної загрози потрібні спільні дії. Характер загрози змінився, необхідні для боротьби з нею засоби – теж, однак принцип залишився тим же самим – колективна оборона країн, об’єднаних спільними цінностями. Акцентовано увагу на тому, що сьогодні українці засвоюють урок: мирні угоди, підписані урядами, які беруть участь або заохочують до масових порушень прав людини, не мають цінності і не можуть бути реалізовані практично. Доведено, що у такій ситуації не доцільно підтримувати мир за взаємною згодою, його потрібно вирішувати спільними діями. У процесі дослідження автори використовували методи історичного підходу, порівняння, теоретичного узагальнення опису, конкретизації, формалізації, формування пропозицій, надання висновків та узагальнень.