bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Positive behavioral change during the COVID‐19 crisis: The role of optimism and collective resilience
Authors: Guèvremont Amélie , Boivin Caroline , Durif Fabien , Graf Raoul 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWhile the issue of behavioral change is of increasing interest to academics and practitioners, an understanding of its drivers remains limited. Consistent with the possibility that destabilizing events can trigger the implementation of beneficial changes in one's life, this research studies the COVID‐19 pandemic and its influence on the adoption of positive habits. More specifically, it focuses on positive health and lifestyle‐related behavioral changes observed within the confined population, as well as the antecedents of such changes. Two surveys conducted 1 month apart in an urban setting severely affected by the pandemic confirm the role of optimism toward the crisis as an antecedent to four changes: slowdown in pace of life, decluttering of personal space, reflection on consumption habits and adoption of healthy behaviors. Collective resilience, social support and anxiety are identified as determinants of optimism. Results suggest an evolution of certain relations including the increase of collective resilience effect on optimism over time.
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress‐Induced Apoptotic Effects of Novel 1‐Pyrroline (3,4‐Dihydro‐2H‐pyrrole) Derivatives on Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Atmaca Harika , Ilhan Suleyman , Korkmaz Esra , Zora Metin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHeterocyclic compounds have emerged as promising and appealing scaffolds for developing effective antitumor agents. Here, the effects of synthesized 24 different 1‐pyrroline derivatives (PDs) containing substituted aryl sulfide moiety were investigated on human breast cancer cell lines. The viability of cells was assessed via MTT assay. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was analyzed via fluorescent dye CM‐H2DCFDA. Apoptotic cells were determined via flow cytometry. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress‐associated protein levels were analyzed via western blot analysis. Four of the PDs (PD‐12, ‐14, ‐16 and ‐17) had great cytotoxic selectivity against breast cancer cells. Apoptotic cell death was induced by PDs via the generation of ROS. PDs significantly increased the GRP78, p‐PEAK, p‐eIF2α, and CHOP protein levels indicating ER stress in breast cancer cells. These results imply that newly synthesized PDs may be potential anticancer agents as they selectively inhibit breast cancer cells.
4‐Oxo‐4,5,6,7‐tetrahydro‐1H‐pyrazolo[3,4‐d]pyrimidine Derivatives: Design, Synthesis, Insecticidal Assay and Binding Mode Studies
Authors: Li Guanglong , Xiao Keya , Shi Man , Shuai Jing , Xu Zhiping , Li Zhong , Cheng Jiagao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA series of 4‐oxo‐4,5,6,7‐tetrahydro‐1H‐pyrazolo[3,4‐d]pyrimidine derivatives were designed and synthesized based on the fipronil low energy conformation by scaffold hopping strategy. Physicochemical properties calculation, insecticidal assay and binding mode studies were also performed. It was found that the target compounds displayed lower insecticidal activities than fipronil. The differences in binding modes between these compounds and fipronil may be the major reason for reduced insecticidal activities.
Three New Compounds from Delphinium kamaonense Hunth and Their in Vitro Cytotoxic and Potential Antioxidant Activities
Authors: Gong Chang , Zhou Guangxin , Jing Di , Song Huijie , Xu Jixuan , Meng Dali 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA new amide (1), two new phenylpropanoid derivatives (2, 3), along with three new natural products, including three nitrogen chirality compounds, N‐(3‐methoxy‐1,3‐dioxopropyl)‐D‐phenylalanine methyl ester (4), N‐(3‐methoxy‐1,3‐dioxopropyl)‐L‐phenylalanine methyl ester (5), and N‐acetyl‐L‐phenylalanine methyl ester (6), as well as dimethyl (2R,3R)‐2‐hydroxy‐3‐(((E)‐3‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)acryloyl)oxy)succinate (7) and dimethyl (S,E)‐2‐((3‐(4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxyphenyl)acryloyl)oxy)succinate (8) were isolated from Delphinium kamaonense Hunth. Their structures were elucidated by extensive analysis of 1D and 2D NMR, and HR‐ESI‐MS experiments, and the absolute configurations were determined by comparative analysis of specific optical rotation. Compound 1 exhibited a moderate cytotoxicity effect against Hep‐3B cancer cell lines (IC50 41.39±0.13 μM) and an excellent antioxidant activity (IC50 0.527±0.06 μM in ABTS assay, and 1.235±0.09 μM in DPPH assay, respectively), which was superior to vitamin C in ABTS (IC50 1.670±0.07 μM) and DPPH (IC50 19.10±0.40 μM) methods.
The Revitalization of ‘the Closer the Better’ in Zeolite‐Tailored Bifunctional Catalysts for Biomass Valorization
Authors: He Jiang , Lin Lu , Luo Wenhao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractZeolite‐tailored bifunctional catalysts are at the heart of the petro‐refining industry, which are intensively employed and investigated with great efforts in the valorization of biomass sources and derived platform molecules for the production of value‐added chemicals and fuels. Herein, intimacy criterion referring to the distance between metal and acid sites has been reviewed for the recent breakthroughs in the zeolite‐tailored bifunctional catalysts. Emphasis is put on the renewed interest in the site intimacy for optimal performance and current progress in biomass valorization. Promising characterization approaches for the validation of site intimacy, especially for the case of the closest proximity, are discussed, as well as the emerging insights into the synergistic effect on the enhanced performance, in order to provide a comprehensive overview. The perspectives and open opportunities regarding the in‐depth understanding of the additional benefits of site intimacy are provided for guiding the future efforts in biomass conversions.
Synthesis of N/P/S Co‐Doped 3D Cross‐Linked Carbon Nanosheets by Double Activation Method for High‐Performance Supercapacitors
Authors: Wei Yuchen , Chen Zhipeng , Yang Lei , Li Hongqiang , He Xiaojun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIt is still a challenge to prepare heteroatoms‐doped carbon materials for supercapacitors by an acid‐free and alkali‐free synthesis method. Herein, the N/P/S co‐doped carbon nanosheets (NPS‐CNs) were synthesized by an in‐situ K2CO3 and Na2S2O3 ⋅ 5H2O double activation method from pyrene as carbon source, melamine‐phytic acid supramolecular aggregate as N and P source without the presence of acid and alkali. The as‐prepared NPS‐CN featured three‐dimensional cross‐linked nanosheets with abundant pores, boosting the stability of carbon skeleton and promoting the transfer of ion and electron. The abundant micropores together with high heteroatom content (15.09 %) provided abundant active sites and defects for ion adsorption. Benefitting from these merits, the NPS‐CN electrode exhibits a high specific capacitance of 485.1 F g−1 at 0.05 A g−1 as well as good rate performance of 350.3 F g−1 at 20 A g−1 in three electrode system. Simultaneously, the specific capacitance of the NPS‐CN capacitor reached 305.0 F g−1 at 0.05 A g−1 and retained 201.2 F g−1 at 100 A g−1 in two electrode system. Importantly, NPS‐CN capacitor presented an excellent cycle stability (93.4 % of initial capacitance after 30,000 charge/discharge cycles). This work opened a less harmful route to prepare NPS‐CNs from small polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for energy storage devices.
Causal inference: Critical developments, past and future
Authors: Moodie Erica E. M. , Stephens David A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCausality is a subject of philosophical debate and a central scientific issue with a long history. In the statistical domain, the study of cause and effect based on the notion of “fairness” in comparisons dates back several hundreds of years, yet statistical concepts and developments that form the area of causal inference are only decades old. In this article, we review the core tenets and methods of causal inference and key developments in the history of the field. We highlight connections with traditional “associational” statistical methods, including estimating equations and semiparametric theory, and point to current topics of active research in this crucial area of our field.
Coulomb logarithm and the Dreicer field in a dense semiclassical plasma
Authors: Seisembayeva Madina M. , Reinholz Heidi , Shalenov Erik O. , Jumagulov Murat N. , Dzhumagulova Karlygash N. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe obtained an expression for the Coulomb logarithm for a dense semiclassical plasma based on momentum transport cross sections using an effective interaction potential. It was shown that for densities and temperatures corresponding to the dense semiclassical plasma our results are in good agreement with MD simulations. We applied the Coulomb logarithm for the calculation of the Dreicer field. The case of dense non‐thermal Lorentzian semiclassical plasma was considered, too.
Computational characterization of capacitive coupled HBr/Cl2/O2 plasma
Authors: Gul Banat , Iqbal Abid , Khan Majid , Ahmad Iftikhar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA self‐consistent two‐dimensional fluid model was used to study HBr/Cl2/O2 plasma discharge. A comprehensive set of 150 reactions comprising different processes (i.e., dissociation, ionization, and excitation) in tandem with 32 plasma species were considered in the computational model. The results revealed that the plasma reactions were dominated by 11 species (i.e., Cl, Cl+, Cl2+, H, H2, HCl, HCl+, Br, Br+, Br2, and HBr+), where the neutral species outnumbered the charged species. The density of charged species in the plasma reactor followed a bell shaped while the neutral species followed a double humped shaped distribution. The increase in plasma O2 concentration resulted in an initial decrease, followed by a gradual increase in the generation of Cl, Br, H, Cl+, and Br+ in the plasma discharge. A lower/higher concentration of oxygen in the plasma stimulated the densities of neutral/charged species, which facilitated the chemical/physical etching pathway. These findings provide new insights into the type of etching species and their optimization in the HBr/Cl2/O2 plasma discharge, with potential applications in the semiconductor industry.
Advantages to use graphene oxide thin targets in forward ion acceleration using fs lasers
Authors: Torrisi Lorenzo , Torrisi Alfio 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAdvanced targets based on thin foils of graphene oxide (GO) covered by metallic layers show many advantages with respect to others because permit high proton and light ion acceleration using high intensity pulsed lasers in Target‐Normal Sheath‐Acceleration (TNSA) regime. GO foils contain parallel micrometric graphene sheets, have low density, show high penetration, and low scattering by energetic electrons accelerated by laser, inducing electron channelling effects. They contain high concentrations of hydrogen, water, and functional oxygen groups, can be realized as thin films with high mechanical resistance, and show high photon absorbance for laser beams. In this work, we present experimental results obtained by our research group using thin GO targets covered by thin gold films, prepared in our laboratories. Advanced targets have been irradiated in TNSA regime with 40 fs laser pulses at the intensity of the order of 1019 W/cm2, using a laser spot of about 10 microns diameter, permitting to accelerate ions at energies of the order of 6 MeV per charge state. The electric field of ion acceleration can be increased by optimizing the irradiation conditions and the GO and Au film thicknesses. The novel findings of this work concern the high forward ion acceleration obtained using thin targets containing GO which induces the effect of electron channelling and production of high‐density forward plasma. The plasma diagnostics are developed with fast SiC semiconductor detectors connected in time‐of‐flight (TOF) configuration. The fast semiconductor detector response permits to optimize the ion acceleration conditions by changing the distance of the laser focus with respect to the target surface, the incidence angle and the laser parameters.
Human land‐use effects on mammalian mesopredator occupancy of a northeastern Connecticut landscape
Authors: Zamuda Kimberly M. , Duguid Marlyse C. , Schmitz Oswald J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMammalian mesopredators—mid‐sized carnivores—are ecologically, economically, and socially important. With their adaptability to a variety of habitats and diets, loss of apex predators, and forest regrowth, many of these species are increasing in number throughout the northeastern United States. However, currently the region is seeing extensive landscape alterations, with an increase in residential and industrial development, especially at the expense of existing forest and small‐scale farmland. We sought to understand how important an existing mosaic of working lands (timberland and farmland) in a forested landscape is to mesopredator species. We did this by studying mesopredator occupancy across three land uses (or habitat types): forest reserve (protected), timber harvest (shelterwood cuts), and field (both crop yielding and fallow) in and around a 3200‐ha forest in northeastern Connecticut. We examined coyote (Canis latrans), bobcat (Lynx rufus), fisher (Pekania pennanti), and raccoon (Procyon lotor) occupancy using paired camera traps across juxtaposed reserve, shelterwood, and field units from April 2018 to March 2019. We created a priori habitat variable models for each species and season, as well as analyzed the impact of habitat types on each species. Throughout the year bobcats were positively associated with foliage height diversity and had the highest use in shelterwoods and lowest use in fields. Land use utilization varied seasonally for coyotes and raccoons, with higher use of fields than reserves and shelterwoods for half the year and no difference between land uses and the other half. Both species were not strongly associated with any particular habitat variables. Reserve forest was moderate to highly used by all species for at least half the year, and highly use year‐round by fishers. Our findings reveal that a mosaic of intact forest and working lands, timber harvest, and agriculture can support mesopredator diversity.
Asymmetrical intraguild interactions with coyotes, red foxes, and domestic dogs may contribute to competitive exclusion of declining gray foxes
Authors: Morin Dana J. , Lesmeister Damon B. , Nielsen Clayton K. , Schauber Eric M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSpecies coexistence is governed by availability of resources and intraguild interactions including strategies to reduce ecological overlap. Gray foxes are dietary generalist mesopredators expected to benefit from anthropogenic disturbance, but populations have declined across the midwestern USA, including severe local extirpation rates coinciding with high coyote and domestic dog occurrence and low red fox occurrence. We used data from a large‐scale camera trap survey in southern Illinois, USA to quantify intraguild spatial and temporal interactions among the canid guild including domestic dogs. We used a two‐species co‐occurrence model to make pairwise assessments of conditional occupancy and detection rates. We also estimated temporal activity overlap among species and fit a fixed‐effects hierarchical community occupancy model with the four canid species. We partitioned the posterior distributions to compare gray fox occupancy probabilities conditional on estimated state of combinations of other species to assess support for hypothesized interactions. We found no evidence of broadscale avoidance among native canids and conclude that spatial and temporal segregation were limited by ubiquitous human disturbance. Mean guild richness was two canid species at a site and gray fox occupancy was greater when any combination of sympatric canids was also present, setting the stage for competitive exclusion over time. Domestic dogs may amplify competitive interactions by increasing canid guild size to the detriment of gray foxes. Our results suggest that while human activities can benefit some mesopredators, other species such as gray foxes may serve as bellwethers for habitat degradation with trophic downgrading and continued anthropogenic homogenization.
Warming temperatures affect meadow‐wide nectar resources, with implications for plant–pollinator communities
Authors: McCombs Audrey L. , Debinski Diane , Reinhardt Keith , Germino Matthew J. , Caragea Petrutza 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNectar production may be a point of sensitivity that can help link primary and secondary trophic responses to climate shifts, and is therefore important to our understanding of ecosystem responses. We evaluated the nectar response of two widespread native forbs, Balsamorhiza sagittata and Eriogonum umbellatum, to experimental warming in a high‐elevation sagebrush meadow in the Teton Range, WY, USA, over two years, 2015 and 2016. Warming treatments reduced the occurrence of nighttime freezing and nectar volume but increased sugar concentration in nectar in both species in both years. Warming effects were also evident in a consistent increase in the number of flowers produced by B. sagittata. Our research suggests that warming associated with climate change has the potential to induce shifts in the nectar‐feeding community by changing nectar characteristics such as volume and sugar concentration to which nectar feeders are adapted.
How can processing technologies boost the application of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) proteins in food production?
Authors: Boukid Fatma , Castellari Massimo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFaba bean (Vicia faba L.) has attracted increasing interest as a high source of proteins for human nutrition. However, the application of faba bean proteins is still limited due to their low functional properties. Several processing technologies were used to enhance these features starting with the selection of the appropriate pretreatments to favorize protein extractability and to ensure their safety by removing/degrading the antinutritional factors; extraction methods (dry fractionation or wet extraction) and posttreatments to produce multifunctional protein ingredients. In this frame, this review aims to provide a better understanding of the production chain of faba proteins and discuss the impact of processing on protein characteristics based on a recent critical compilation of scientific literature. The different processing applied to faba proteins impacted different degrees of nutritional, functional, sensory, and biological properties. Depending on the final food product, a combination of technologies can be designed to meet specific properties. It must be kept in mind that besides quality, price, sustainability, and scaling up feasibility are relevant factors to consider in the selection of processing.
BLITZ‐HF: a nationwide initiative to evaluate and improve adherence to acute and chronic heart failure guidelines
Authors: Gulizia Michele Massimo , Orso Francesco , Mortara Andrea , Lucci Donata , Aspromonte Nadia , De Luca Leonardo , Di Tano Giuseppe , Leonardi Giuseppe , Navazio Alessandro , Pulignano Giovanni , Colivicchi Furio , Di Lenarda Andrea , Oliva Fabrizio ,   BLITZ‐HF Investigators
Published: July 2022

AimsTo assess adherence to guideline recommendations among a large network of Italian cardiology sites in the management of acute and chronic heart failure (HF) and to evaluate if an ad‐hoc educational intervention can improve their performance on several pharmacological and non‐pharmacological indicators.Methods and resultsBLITZ‐HF was a cross‐sectional study based on a web‐based recording system with pop‐up reminders on guideline recommendations used during two 3‐month enrolment periods carried out 3 months apart (Phase 1 and 3), interspersed by face‐to‐face macro‐regional benchmark analyses and educational meetings (Phase 2). Overall, 7218 patients with acute and chronic HF were enrolled at 106 cardiology sites. During the enrolment phases, 3920 and 3298 patients were included, respectively, 84% with chronic HF and 16% with acute HF in Phase 1, and 74% with chronic HF and 26% with acute HF in Phase 3. At baseline, adherence to guideline recommendations was already overall high for most indicators. Among acute HF patients, an improvement was obtained in three out of eight indicators, with a significant rise in echocardiographic evaluation. Among chronic HF patients with HF and preserved or mid‐range ejection fraction, performance increased in two out of three indicators: creatinine and echocardiographic evaluations. An overall performance improvement was observed in six out of nine indicators in ambulatory HF with reduced ejection fraction patients with a significant increase in angiotensin receptor–neprilysin inhibitor prescription rates.ConclusionsWithin a context of an already elevated level of adherence to HF guideline recommendations, a structured multifaceted educational intervention could be useful to improve performance on specific indicators. Extending this approach to other non‐cardiology healthcare professionals, who usually manage patients with HF, should be considered.
Oxidative Cleavage of Methyl Epoxystearate over Al‐MCM‐41‐Assisted WO3∙nH2O for Aldehyde Products
Authors: Xing Kainan , Cao Minghe , Zhu Qinkai , Yin Haojie , Lu Meizhen , Ji Jianbing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractVegetable oils and their derivatives are of great interest because of their abundance and renewability. This paper prepares nonanal (N) and methyl 9‐oxonanoate (M) from methyl epoxystearate (ME) with WO3∙0.33H2O, WO3∙H2O, and WO3∙2H2O as catalysts and H2O2 as the oxidant without the use of organic solvent. The reaction temperature, catalyst amount, H2O2 amount, and reaction time effects on ME conversion and N/M yield are investigated. The results show that WO3∙H2O has the best catalytic performance. The optimal reaction conditions are: reaction temperature 60 °C, reaction time 40 min, ME/H2O2/WO3∙H2O molar ratio 1/1.2/0.4, under which the ME conversion and N/M yield reach 95% and 70%, respectively. WO3∙nH2O reacts with H2O2 to form soluble tungsten anions, resulting in severe tungsten loss. Al‐MCM‐41 materials with different silicon to aluminum molar ratios are added to the reaction system as adsorbents to recover the catalyst by effective adsorption of tungsten anions. The adsorption performance improves as the Si/Al ratio decreases, however, the ME conversion and N/M yield decrease. Thus, 50 is the most suitable Si/Al ratio. The ME conversion and N/M yield can still reach 90% and 60% after four times of use.Practical applications: The nonanal has a natural fragrance and can be used in the cosmetic industry as well as in the preparation of bio‐based surfactants. The methyl 9‐oxonanoate can be converted into polymer monomers by hydrogenation or amination. The results show that WO3∙nH2O has good catalytic activity, and a satisfying yield of aldehyde products is obtained under mild reaction conditions.