bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction for optimal dosage of pazopanib under various clinical situations using physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling
Authors: Wu Chunnuan , Li Bole , Meng Shuai , Qie Linghui , Zhang Jie , Wang Guopeng , Ren Cong Cong 
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to apply a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to predict optimal dosing regimens of pazopanib (PAZ) for safe and effective administration when co-administered with CYP3A4 inhibitors, acid-reducing agents, food, and administered in patients with hepatic impairment. Here, we have successfully developed the population PBPK model and the predicted PK variables by this model matched well with the clinically observed data. Most ratios of prediction to observation were between 0.5 and 2.0. Suitable dosage modifications of PAZ have been identified using the PBPK simulations in various situations, i.e., 200 mg once daily (OD) or 100 mg twice daily (BID) when co-administered with the two CYP3A4 inhibitors, 200 mg BID when simultaneously administered with food or 800 mg OD when avoiding food uptake simultaneously. Additionally, the PBPK model also suggested that dosing does not need to be adjusted when co-administered with esomeprazole and administration in patients with wild hepatic impairment. Furthermore, the PBPK model also suggested that PAZ is not recommended to be administered in patients with severe hepatic impairment. In summary, the present PBPK model can determine the optimal dosing adjustment recommendations in multiple clinical uses, which cannot be achieved by only focusing on AUC linear change of PK.
Inorganic phosphate accelerates cardiac myofilament relaxation in response to lengthening
Authors: Wakefield Jane I. , Bell Stephen P. , Palmer Bradley M. 
Published: September 2022

Myocardial relaxation in late systole is enhanced by increasing velocities of lengthening. Given that inorganic phosphate (Pi) can rebind to the force-producing myosin enzyme prior to MgADP release and hasten crossbridge detachment, we hypothesized that myocardial relaxation in late systole would be further enhanced by lengthening in the presence of Pi. Wistar rat left ventricular papillary muscles were attached to platinum clips, placed between a force transducer and a length motor at room temperature, and bathed in Krebs solution with 1.8 mM Ca2+ and varying Pi of 0, 1, 2, and 5 mM. Tension transients were elicited by electrical stimulation at 1 Hz. Peak tension was significantly enhanced by Pi: 0.593 ± 0.088 mN mm−2 at 0 mM Pi and 0.817 ± 0.159 mN mm−2 at 5 mM Pi (mean ± SEM, p &lt; 0.01 by ANCOVA). All temporal characteristics of the force transient were significantly shortened with increasing Pi, e.g., time-to-50% recovery was shortened from 305 ± 14 ms at 0 mM Pi to 256 ± 10 ms at 5 mM Pi (p &lt; 0.01). A 1% lengthening stretch with varying duration of 10–200 ms was applied at time-to-50% recovery during the descending phase of the force transient. Matching lengthening stretches were also applied when the muscle was not stimulated, thus providing a control for the passive viscoelastic response. After subtracting the passive from the active force response, the resulting myofilament response demonstrated features of faster myofilament relaxation in response to the stretch. For example, time-to-70% relaxation with 100 ms lengthening duration was shortened by 8.8 ± 6.8 ms at 0 Pi, 19.6 ± 4.8* ms at 1 mM Pi, 31.0 ± 5.6* ms at 2 Pi, and 25.6 ± 5.3* ms at 5 mM Pi (*p &lt; 0.01 compared to no change). Using skinned myocardium, half maximally calcium-activated myofilaments underwent a 1% quick stretch, and the tension response was subjected to analysis for sensitivity of myosin detachment rate to stretch, g1, at various Pi concentrations. The parameter g1 was enhanced from 15.39 ± 0.35 at 0 Pi to 22.74 ± 1.31 s−1/nm at 8 Pi (p &lt; 0.01). Our findings suggest that increasing Pi at the myofilaments enhances lengthening-induced relaxation by elevating the sensitivity of myosin crossbridge detachment due to lengthening and thus speed the transition from late-systole to early-diastole.
Intravital imaging of hemodynamic glomerular effects of enalapril or/and empagliflozin in STZ-diabetic mice
Authors: Kroeger Hannah , Kessel Friederike , Sradnick Jan , Todorov Vladimir , Gembardt Florian , Hugo Christian 
Published: September 2022

Background: Diabetic kidney disease is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Administration of ACE inhibitors or/and SGLT2 inhibitors show renoprotective effects in diabetic and other kidney diseases. The underlying renoprotective mechanisms of SGLT2 inhibition, especially in combination with ACE inhibition, are incompletely understood. We used longitudinal intravital microscopy to directly elucidate glomerular hemodynamics on a single nephron level in response to the ACE inhibitor enalapril or/and the SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin.Methods: Five weeks after the induction of diabetes by streptozotocin, male C57BL/6 mice were treated with enalapril, empagliflozin, enalapril/empagliflozin or placebo for 3 days. To identify hemodynamic regulation mechanisms, longitudinal intravital multiphoton microscopy was employed to measure single nephron glomerular filtration rate (snGFR) and afferent/efferent arteriole width.Results: Diabetic mice presented a significant hyperfiltration. Compared to placebo treatment, snGFR was reduced in response to enalapril, empagliflozin, or enalapril/empagliflozin administration under diabetic conditions. While enalapril treatment caused significant dilation of the efferent arteriole (12.55 ± 1.46 µm vs. control 11.92 ± 1.04 µm, p &lt; 0.05), empagliflozin led to a decreased afferent arteriole diameter (11.19 ± 2.55 µm vs. control 12.35 ± 1.32 µm, p &lt; 0.05) in diabetic mice. Unexpectedly under diabetic conditions, the combined treatment with enalapril/empagliflozin had no effects on both afferent and efferent arteriole diameter change.Conclusion: SGLT2 inhibition, besides ACE inhibition, is an essential hemodynamic regulator of glomerular filtration during diabetes mellitus. Nevertheless, additional mechanisms—independent from hemodynamic regulation—are involved in the nephroprotective effects especially of the combination therapy and should be further explored in future studies.
Bitter silence allows sexual harassment to continue in workplace: A qualitative study in Iranian nurses
Authors: Zeighami Maryam , Zakeri Mohammad Ali , Mangolian Shahrbabaki Parvin , Dehghan Mahlagha 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundSexual harassment in the workplace is continuing. However, the rate of sexual harassment disclosure is low, which causes many problems. Non-disclosure of sexual harassment can cause nurses' psychological distress and physical harm, and affect their productivity and quality of care. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the reasons why Iranian nurses stayed silent and did not disclose sexual harassment in their workplace.MethodThis qualitative descriptive-explorative study was conducted to investigate the reasons why Iranian nurses (n = 18) stayed silent on sexual harassment. Conventional content analysis and purposeful sampling method were used in this study. Data was collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews. Maximum variance in terms of age, sex, work experience, education level, marital status, and type of hospital and ward was considered in order to obtain rich information. Guba and Lincoln criteria were used to increase the study's trustworthiness, while the Graneheim and Lundman approach was used to analyze the content.ResultsThe research data indicated 112 codes, a major category, 4 subcategories, and 9 primary categories. The major category, “The missing link is bitter silence; sexual harassment is still going on,” includes four subcategories: fear of social stigmas, organizational and legal barriers, family barriers, and personal barriers.ConclusionsNurses cannot break their silence on sexual harassment because they are afraid that disclosure of sexual harassment has negative consequences for their personal and professional lives. Policies and strategies should be developed to encourage nurses to disclose sexual harassment. This issue must be studied socially, culturally, and politically.
The association between global cognitive function and walking capacity in individuals with broad ranges of cognitive and physical function: Are there sex differences?
Authors: Wiley Elise , Noguchi Kenneth S. , Moncion Kevin , D’Isabella Natalie , Shkredova Daria A. , Fang Hanna , Richardson Julie , MacDermid Joy C. , Rodrigues Lynden , Roig Marc , Tang Ada 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionCognitive function is known to be associated with physical function, where greater walking capacity has been shown to have moderate to strong correlations with global cognitive function and other various domains of cognition in older adults with and without chronic conditions. Biological sex may moderate the relationship between cognitive and physical function, but whether sex differences exist in this association has not been examined in an aging population. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between global cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment; MoCA), walking capacity (6-Minute Walk Test distance; 6 MWT) and sex in an aging population with broad ranges of cognitive and physical function.MethodsParticipants were assessed for global cognitive function (MoCA) and walking capacity (6 MWT). Multivariable regression analyses were performed to examine the interaction of sex in the association between MoCA and 6 MWT. First, we presented the unadjusted model (Model 1), then the model adjusted for age, history of stroke, and height (Model 2). To determine if there were sex-based differences in the association between global cognitive function and walking capacity, we included sex and an interaction term between sex*6 MWT distance in Models 3 and 4.ResultsTwenty-three females and 36 males were included in the multivariable regression analyses, respectively. Our sample represented broad ranges of cognitive and physical function levels, where MoCA scores ranged from 13 to 30, and 6 MWT distances from 203 to 750 m. 6 MWT distance was associated with MoCA in models unadjusted (R2 = 0.17; F(1,56) = 11.4; p &lt; 0.01) and adjusted for age, stroke history, and height (R2 = 0.20; F(4,53) = 3.2; p = 0.02). No interaction with sex was found, but a main effect of sex was observed (R2 = 0.26; F(5,21) = 3.72; p = 0.03). When adjusting for age, height and history of stroke, males MoCA scores were 2.9 ± 1.3 less than the mean MoCA scores for females.DiscussionOur findings confirm the positive relationship between cognitive and physical function in older adults. Notably, we also observed superior performance in global cognition among females that was consistent across a broad spectrum of walking capacity.
Association of low-grade inflammation caused by gut microbiota disturbances with osteoarthritis: A systematic review
Authors: Xiang Wu , Ji Bingjin , Jiang Yiqin , Xiang Han 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundCurrently, many studies have been published on the relationship between the gut microbiome and knee osteoarthritis. However, the evidence for the association of gut microbiota with knee osteoarthritis has not been comprehensively evaluated.ObjectiveThis review aimed to assess existing results and provide scientific evidence for the association of low-grade inflammation caused by gut microbiota disturbances with knee osteoarthritis.MethodsThis study conducted an extensive review of the current literature using four databases, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Web of Science before 31 December 2021. Risk of bias was determined using ROBINS and SYRCLE, and quality of evidence was assessed using GRADE and CAMADARES criteria. Twelve articles were included.ResultsStudies have shown that a high-fat diet leads to a disturbance of the gut microbiota, mainly manifested by an increase in the abundance of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, a decrease in Bacteroidetes, and an increase in the Firmicutes/ Bacteroidetes ratio. Exercise can reverse the pattern of gain or loss caused by high fat. These changes are associated with elevated levels of serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and its binding proteins, as well as various inflammatory factors, leading to osteoarthritis (OA).ConclusionThis systematic review shows that a correlation between low-grade inflammation caused by gut microbiota disturbances and severity of knee osteoarthritis radiology and dysfunction. However, there was a very small number of studies that could be included in the review. Thus, further studies with large sample sizes are warranted to elucidate the association of low-grade inflammation caused by gut microbiota disturbances with osteoarthritis, and to explore the possible mechanisms for ameliorating osteoarthritis by modulating gut microbiota.
TERAPAN METODE COGNITIVE MAPPING APPROACH UNTUK MODEL MENTAL LINGKUNGAN DALAM DUNIA PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Purwakania Hasan Aliah B. 
Published: September 2022

Untuk mengatasi masalah lingkungan yang terjadi pada saat ini, penyelenggaraan pendidikan lingkungan untuk pembangunan yang berkelanjutan merupakan kebutuhan yang tidak dapat diingkari. Pendidikan ini penting untuk membentuk perilaku pro-lingkungan. Pemikiran manusia tentang interaksi lingkungan dan manusia sangat menentukan bagaimana perilaku lingkungan seseorang. Pemikiran ini terpetakan dalam sistem ingatan manusia dalam bentuk model mental lingkungan. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk membahas bagaimana Cognitive Mapping Approach (CMA) dapat menjadi alat untuk mengevaluasi model mental lingkungan dalam dunia pendidikan. Sebagai studi kasus, dipergunakan penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Melissa R. Wuellner, Leslie Vincent, dan Brandi Felts (2017) pada peserta mata kuliah konservasi lingkungan di South Dakota State University. Hasil dari penerapan metode CMA ini menunjukkan implikasi evaluasi model mental mahasiswa terhadap pendidikan lingkungan, dan dampak kompleksitas bentuk model mental lingkungan bagi interaksi dan harmonisasi kehidupan manusia dan lingkungannya.Artikel ini membahas bagaimana menerapkan metode CMA untuk mengevaluasi model mental lingkungan dalam dunia pendidikan di Indonesia. Saran bagi pengembangan metode CMA juga dibahas sebagai pendekatan evaluatif dalam pendidikan lingkungan.
A comparative study of the antibacterial properties of copper-based transparent oxides at the solid–liquid interface
Authors: Okada Takeru , Ohno Kotaro , Kanzaki Makoto , Washio Katsuyoshi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This study investigates the antibacterial properties of CuCrO2 (CCO) films fabricated by sputter deposition followed by calcination. The effects of the doped magnesium and the film fabrication in nitrogen atmosphere on both CCO crystallinity and antibacterial properties are compared. The antibacterial properties are evaluated using the plate counting method, and the crystallinity of the films are analyzed by X-ray diffraction. The results show the proliferation of Escherichia coli colonies that can be suppressed within 3 h, with magnesium-doped CCO showing the best antibacterial properties of all samples. This is explained by the formation of CuO byproduct during fabrication.
PENYEBAB KAVITASI PADA POMPA SENTRIFUGA PADA KAPAL
Authors: Hendrawan Andi 
Published: September 2022

kavitasi merupakan salah satu fenomena yang dapat sangat merusak pompa, merupakan akibat langsung dari kondisi pengoperasian yang tidak tepat, dan hanya dapat dideteksi dan dikurangi secara efektif. Kavitas bisa menjadi gangguan dalam operasional pompa sentrifugal. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kajian pustaka yang menkaji penelitian terdahulu dan dimetaanalisikan sehinga tercapai kesimpulan tentang penyebab kavitasi pada pompa sentrifugal. Penyeban kavitasi adalah Tingginya temperature cairan pada pompa, Bentuk impeller yang tidak sesuai ; Aliran turbulensi pada cairan pompa; Kotoran pada pompa ; Perawatan dan perbaikan yang tidak sesuai
Novel Approaches to Oscillator Dynamic Linear Simulation Guarded by Circuit Fundamental Theory
Authors: ZHOU SHITI 
Published: September 2022

<p>This paper presents novel approaches to oscillator <em>dynamic linear simulations</em>. The simulations use the RF linear simulation software Genesys to simulate the <em>integral</em> transistor-based LC oscillators and the op-amp based Wien (RC) oscillator with the <em>new criterion</em>. The simulation approaches and criteria are designed based on a <em>new</em> oscillator <em>linear</em> theory, which treats oscillators as the energy-free two-port linear networks with the <em>full </em>characteristics of <em>oscillators</em>. The simulations are dynamic in order to be consistent with the dynamic oscillation buildup. The simulations are also linear to obey the circuit linearity constraint. The network response is controlled by the Thevenin source, where both <em>E</em> and <em>R</em><sub>01</sub> of the source are dynamic. This source is created from oscillator <em>internal</em> dynamic resonant energy. The <em>generalized scattering parameter</em> (<em>S’</em>) is used for the dynamic linear simulations. The simulations showed that the LC and Wien oscillators have the <em>same</em> characteristics at oscillation stable states, namely, the <em>internal</em> negative resistance (NR), internal inductive and capacitive impedances, <em>positive</em> phase slope, and <em>negative</em> net resistance of source loop. </p>
Introduction To Data Preprocessing: A Review
Authors: Pratap Singh Aditya , Kaur Navneet 
Published: September 2022

<p> This study begins with an overview of data preprocessing, focusing on real-world data challenges. Before any data analysis method begins, these are the first problems that have got to be understood and resolved. In this work, the author discusses data preprocessing, like standardization and normalization including feature scaling to more readily accomplish the data classification. Finding the most informative collection of features is the goal of preprocessing to boost the classifier's performance. Include standardization is for the most part expected to take out the impact of a few quantitative highlights estimated on various scales. Besides, feature scaling is used to normalize all different numeric numbers to properly scaled numbers. The point of this part is to help analysts in picking a fitting preprocessing procedure for information investigation. The basic preprocessing methods used for the characterization of information are then addressed in this section. Fitting Python features to various information applications will be shown as concrete examples at the end of each session. </p>
ANALISIS PENGARUH PRODUK, HARGA DAN PROMOSI TERHADAP LOYALITAS KONSUMEN PADA CV. HARWI PRATAMA
Authors: Cipto Rahajeng Cahyaning Putri , Puspita Huda Yulian 
Published: September 2022

This study aims to determine and analyze whether there is an influence of product, price, promotion and location to customer’s loyalty in CV. Harwi Pratama. The research method used descriptive quantitative research with primary data as the source of data. The sampling technique used saturated samples so that the number of samples is the total population which are 89 respondents and the data was processed with SPSS 20 program. Data analysis techniques in this study consisted of F test, t test and multiple linear regression analysis test. The result of research are : (1) product, price, and promotion influence the costumer loyalty simultaneously in CV. Harwi Pratama, (2) the product not influence the costumer loyalty partially, but price and promotion are influence the consumer loyalty partially in CV. Harwi Pratama, (3) among product, price, and promotion, the price is the most influence the costumer loyalty in CV. Harwi Pratama.
PENGARUH BUDAYA ORGANISASI, DISIPLIN KERJA, DAN KOMUNIKASI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PT PLN(PERSERO) UP3 BALIKPAPAN
Authors: Pudjiati Pudjiati , Khabibah Fatimatul 
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Budaya organisasi, disiplin kerja, dan komunikasi secara bersama-sama dan secara parsial berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan PT PLN (Persero) UP3 Balikpapan. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel sebanyak 75 orang karyawan pada PT PLN (Persero) UP3 Balikpapan. Pengujian dilakukan dengan Uji Instrumen, Uji Asumsi Klasik, Uji Hipotesis dan alat analisis yang digunakan adalah Analisis Regresi Linear Berganda. Hasil yang diperolah secara simultan budaya organisasi, disiplin kerja, dan komunikasi mempunyai kontribusi terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT.PLN (Persero) UP3 Balikpapan dan berdasarkan uji parsial tersebut variabel Budaya Organisasi merupakan yang dominan mempunyai pengaruh terhadap variabel Kinerja Karyawan PT.PLN (Persero) UP3 Balikpapan.
ANALISIS EFISIENSI DAN EFEKTIVITAS PENGELOLAAN DANA DESA DI KECAMATAN TONGAUNA UTARA KABUPATEN KONAWE
Authors: Kus Kusrawan 
Published: September 2022

Desa memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam menyelenggarakan urusan pemerintahan desa serta pelayanan kepada masyarakat secara lebih terarah, terfokus dan lancar terutama program kegiatan pemerintah desa yang bersentuhan langsung dengan kepentingan masyarakat desa dengan dasar pertimbangan bahwa akan memberikan suatu kehidupan yang layak dan makmur bagi masyarakat desa. Pemerintah mengeluarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa yang menjadi bentuk awal kemandirian desa dalam hal penyelenggaraan sebuah pemerintah. Dalam penyelenggaraan, desa membutuhkan sumber keuangan desa dan salah satu sumber keuangan desa adalah dana desa. Dana desa merupakan dana yang berasal dari Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara (APBN) dan ditujukan kepada desa untuk mendanai penyelenggaraan pemerintahannya, pelaksanaan pembangunannya, pembinaan masyarakat, dan juga pemberdayaan masyarakat Desa. Peraturan Menteri Desa, Pembangunan Daerah Tertinggal, dan Transmigrasi Republik Indonesia Nomor 19 Tahun 2017 mengatakan bahwa anggaran dana desa diprioritaskan untuk membiayai pembangunan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat desa. Pemberdayaan masyarakat pada prinsipnya yaitu upaya yang dilakukan dalam penguatan individu atau masyarakat agar mampu memperoleh dan mengelola faktor-faktor produksi serta penguatan individu atau masyarakat agar mampu menentukan pilihannya sendiri. Pemberdayaan masyarakat adalah salah satu upaya yang dilaksanakan untuk mendorong dan mendukung masyarakat agar terlepas dari belenggu kemiskinan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat efisiensi dan efektivitas serta efek pengganda pengolahan Dana Desa Kecamatan Tongauna Utara Utara Kabupaten Konawe. Alat analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode dekriptif kombinasi, yaitu menganalisis data target, realisasi belanja dan pendapatan dengan menggunakan rasio efisiensi dan efektivitas, serta menganalisis data wawancara dengan mengukur pengganda pengeluaran pemerintah.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA KANTOR KESYAHBANDARAN DAN OTORITAS PELABUHAN KELAS I BALIKPAPAN
Authors: Pudjiati Pudjiati , Yusuf Tamzil 
Published: September 2022

Lingkungan Kerja, Gaya Kepemimpinan, Kompensasi, Motivasi, dan Kinerja
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis Faktor-Faktor yang mempengaruhi Kinerja Pegawai. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah explanatory research. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini 120 orang pegawai Kantor Kesyahbandaran dan Otoritas Kelas I Balikpapan. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskritif dan analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Lingkungan Kerja, Gaya Kepemimpinan, Kompensasi dan Motivasi yang ada diperusahaan sudah baik sehingga kinerja karyawan meningkat. Hasil analisis regresi linear berganda menunjukan bahwa secara imultan dan parsial Lingkungan Kerja, Gaya Kepemimpinan, Kompensasi dan Motivasi mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai, dan lingkungan kerja merupakan faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi Kinerja pegawai