bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
When Inner Cities Are Motivated by Compassion
Authors: Francoeur Richard B. , Sergiacomi Kenneth R. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Providing palliative care is especially challenging in our inner-city areas. Social determinants of health and living conditions impact access by residents to healthcare, including how, where, and when care is received. Palliative social workers in inner-city settings are sensitive to recognizing cultural beliefs, spiritual supports, the impact of racism and classism, and the need for social justice. It is recommended that palliative social workers engage more fully in mezzo- and macro-level practices, within and across healthcare institutions and inner-city organizations, at the grassroots level as part of a wise overall strategy to advocate for sustainable changes that improve access to quality healthcare. It is especially important to address unmet needs that undermine the health of underserved populations, such as residents without housing or contending with substance abuse. These efforts may include making telehealth more accessible and affordable for use in inner-city community settings. A variety of innovative organizational and community programs and collaborations are promising.
International Palliative Social Work
Authors: Gerson Sheri Mila , Firth Pam 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Despite evidence of the growing need for palliative care around the world, its integration into healthcare systems remains limited. Optimal palliative care is available mostly in higher-resourced countries, reaching less than 15% of the world’s population. Even in areas with optimal palliative care, both the practice of social work and the social worker’s role within a team vary. The Compassionate Community movement, reflecting public health approaches to health equity in palliative care and addressing social determinants of health, offers a powerful and inclusive model. A public health approach to palliative care, closely tied to social work values, recognizes that healthcare systems are only one component of a larger array of diverse community resources that support people living with serious illness, their families, caregivers, and those living with grief.
It Takes Two to Tango
Authors: D’Urbano Elena 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In Buenos Aires, Argentina, there is no support policy to allow Municipal Social Services to collaborate in an integrated manner with health services in order to ensure continuity, quality, and equity in the provision of palliative care. There are no respite resources for family caregivers. Over the course of illness, maladaptive emotions and/or behaviors may appear that hinder a healthy accompaniment for the sick person and will impact family caregivers, who may be affected in the mourning process if they have been unable to respond to what is expected of them. Family claudication involves the abandoning of one’s principles and expectations for self, and it is one of the frequent problems identified in palliative care. It is considered a social emergency and calls the social worker to develop useful intervention strategies to prevent it. This chapter shares a socio-family assessment model that, in addition to identifying risks of claudication, constitutes a therapeutic space.
Australian Palliative Social Work
Authors: Collins Patricia , Greathouse Julie , Myhill Brendan , Gough Lauren 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Australian palliative social work is dynamic, responding to changing contexts and system challenges. Work in Australia requires an understanding of the history and experience of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians, along with the many other cultural groups who have arrived since 1788 to make up Australia’s multicultural community. Palliative care and bereavement service delivery varies across the country, meaning social workers must be flexible and able to adapt in their roles, while assisting patients and their families to navigate systems in their local context. Therapeutic knowledge and interventions underpin the work of palliative social work in Australia; counseling and therapeutic work are often delivered alongside skilled practical resourcing, care planning, and provision.
Social Work and Palliative Care in Brazil
Authors: Lansttai Lena , Menezes Bevilaqua , Andrade Leticia 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This chapter presents an analysis of palliative care in the Brazilian reality, providing an overview of its evolution from two programs in the 1980s to 191 in the last survey in 2019. Although palliative care services are still insufficient in view of the steadily increasing demand, there have been clear advances in the Unified Health System (Brazilian public health system) and the private sector, both with regard to the implementation of services in different modalities (outpatient clinics, nursing wards, home care, hospices) and regulations at the federal and state level. In view of the undeniable social inequality present in Brazil and the need of an approach that overarches total pain, a concept created by Cicely Saunders, it is important that professionals have a clear understanding of the existence of social pain. In this context, the assessment and actions of social workers, whose professional competence is aimed at this goal, are essential.
Palliative Social Work in Canada
Authors: Cadell Susan , Bosma Harvey 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Canada is a large and sparsely populated country with two official languages and a history of colonization with the Indigenous peoples who were there before the arrival of settlers from Europe. Healthcare is universal and federally mandated to be provided; however, delivery is determined by each province and territory. Therefore, services vary from one area to another. Palliative care access is not uniformly available throughout the country. Medical assistance in dying (referred to as euthanasia elsewhere and referred to as MAiD in Canada) was legalized in 2016 and also has great variation across provinces and territories. Social workers are involved in various aspects of both palliative care and assisted dying. Social workers have also demonstrated leadership in competencies, education, and research.
Palliative Social Work in Israel
Authors: Samson Tali 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Israel, a young country continually absorbing immigrants from various cultures, has a unique social structure. Its mosaic of cultures and values—the delicate balance existing between religion and state, processes of progressive legislation, and the central place of family in the life of the individual combined with the principles of autonomy by which the health system operates—presents a variety of challenges. The exclusive contribution of the palliative social workers is reflected through implementation of models for both individual and family assessment, and clinical interventions provided with cultural sensitivity and respect for the family unit as a system. The challenges which also enrich our practice must be dealt with in the absence of specific training for palliative social workers. Expending research and educational programs will positively influence the status of the palliative social worker whose skills are vital to meeting the needs of the rich mosaic of patients and families in Israel.
Culture, Social Determinants of Health, and Palliative Care in the Pacific Basin
Authors: Ka’opua Lana Sue , Scanlan Luana M. Y. , Duhaylongsod Yim Yvonne 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The salience of cultural diversity in health/death literacy is consistently affirmed in both published literature and practice wisdom. Dying at home is a common desire across diverse cultures. For Pacific Islanders living in the United States diaspora, dying at home may involve return to the place of one’s ancestors and living relations, thus signifying the affirmation of Indigenous identity in completing the arc of one’s life. However, travel to the homeland may be complicated by medical risk and socioeconomic factors. Examples of health/death literacy approaches are described. A patient narrative illustrates how the palliative social worker applied health/death literacy approaches to facilitate a culturally acceptable solution in conflicts arising among an Indigenous Pacific Islander woman, her family, and the interprofessional palliative team. Resources are provided for additional learning and discussion at the nexus of culture, health/death literacy, cancer care disparities, and palliative social work.
Palliative Social Work in Romania
Authors: Anania Petruța , Dégi Csaba László 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In Romania, palliative social work has gone a long way in the last decade, toward development and clarity. More than 150,000 people per year could benefit from palliative care in Romania if appropriate programs and providers were accessible and affordable. In 2012, only 6% of the need for palliative care was met; by 2018, it grew to 12%. The number of hospice facilities does not meet the needs of patients. Future planning by the Palliative Care Strategic Working Group includes increasing home care for support within the family. The Orthodox church in Romania previously funded little related to hospice and palliative care, but many new ongoing projects are now funded.
While the competencies and the roles of the social worker are clear, palliative care services exist in Romania that do not include social workers on their care teams. The ongoing work to be done includes ensuring a standardization in the way professionals work with patients and families, the inclusion of a palliative care module in the university curricula, and providing continuous supervision and consultation for the palliative social workers.
Palliative Social Work in Singapore
Authors: Peh Cheng Wan , Ng Tzer Wee 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Palliative social work is a growing specialty in healthcare social work and has seen significant milestones in development and growth in the past 10 years. Palliative social workers in Singapore possess a unique set of clinical skills to guide our work in a multiethnic and multicultural society. These include crucial elements such as leadership, supervision, mentoring, creativity in assessment, and interventions. In our society where family forms the basic unit of care, the assessment and interventions with patients occur within the context of families, including decision-making and truth-telling. In recent years, a lot of effort and focus had been on education and development, as well as enhancing collaboration and learning among social work practitioners across different settings providing palliative care.
Palliative Social Work in the United Kingdom
Authors: Chaddock Becky , Paul Sally , Cullen Anne 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Palliative social work in the United Kingdom is woven into the fabric of palliative care and the modern hospice movement. UK palliative social workers are employed by various statutory and third-sector organizations. They undertake diverse roles and work with people of all ages. The four UK nations (England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland) register and regulate professional social workers. Legislation, codes of ethics, and a commitment to an evidence base govern practice. Core tenets include a focus on the wider social system of the person who has a serious or life-limiting condition, social justice, improving/disseminating specialist knowledge and expertise, and promoting a community-based, public health approach to end-of-life care. Palliative social workers use therapeutic skills and creativity to enable individuals and their families to process emotions and make informed decisions. They contribute to professional education and research and increasingly hold leadership positions from which they influence national policy.
The Social Work Role in Pain and Symptom Management
Authors: Cagle John G. , Altilio Terry 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Providing relief from pain and symptoms is a central component of high-quality palliative care and a priority for patients, families, and providers. Serious illness is too often accompanied by debilitating physical symptoms such as pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, nausea, and agitation. In collaboration with their interprofessional colleagues, palliative social workers are charged with using evidence-informed strategies to identify, understand, and address such symptoms. They also can work with families to improve coping, troubleshoot obstacles to symptom management, and minimize risks of medication misuse. A strong ethical mandate to palliate symptom distress and core values of dignity and worth of the individual can serve as a cornerstone for social workers.
Sexual Expression and Physical Intimacy for Those Challenged with Serious Illness
Authors: Gallo-Silver Les Paul , Weiner Michael O. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Sexual expression and physical intimacy may be among the most satisfying parts of a person’s quality of life. Touch as an aspect of comfort, support, and affection is as crucial a human need as food and warmth. The touch continuum describes a progression that begins with the soothing touch enjoyed by infants, advances to more playful touch relished by maturing children, and evolves to the sensual and sexual touch appreciated by adolescents and adults. The centrality of touch in the human experience in all the phases of life demonstrates the importance of sustaining touch during times of illness and disability. The significance of sexual expression and physical intimacy is demonstrated by descriptions of patients and their partners using a counseling paradigm to assist people receiving palliative care who wish for more closeness and romance with their partners. In this way the patients reassert themselves as sexual beings with needs to touch and be touched.
Anticipatory Guidance
Authors: Gasca Stephanie , Schindel Rachel 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Anticipatory guidance provides education and support related to the emotional, physiological, and behavioral changes in the life trajectory of persons with serious illness. The objective is to empower patients and families, and to enhance coping through education, advance care planning, and assistance with adaptation. Palliative social workers have a unique role in creating a collaborative environment between the patient, family, and the healthcare team to focus on the self-determined and informed goals and values to guide the direction of a care plan and influence the focus of anticipatory guidance. Assisting patients to increase their tolerance of ambiguity is a key foundation of anticipatory guidance as, by definition, this intervention encourages exploration of a range of possible outcomes—some of which may be desired while others are resisted. Anticipatory guidance titrates discussions to patient and family readiness, fosters adaptation, and utilizes the patient’s strengths in their journey of adjusting to serious illness.
Bibliotherapy
Authors: Cincotta Nancy F. , Moore Tracy 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Bibliotherapy serves as a technique that employs books and other written materials to aid family members and professionals in the understanding and communication of unfamiliar and potentially uncomfortable concepts. This easily accessible tool helps to inform and empower individuals and can enable communication among family members. Bibliotherapy can be used by social workers and other medical professionals working with one or more family members, or independently by families at home. The art and practice of bibliotherapy may vary, but books can be used metaphorically, as psychoeducational tools, as vehicles of communication, for comfort, and to provide consistency and support. In essence, for many, books relevant to the situation at hand can enrich memory making, become part of a family’s armor, an important tool to help ease the burden and provide support during their illness journey and beyond.
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy in the Palliative Care Setting
Authors: Oltmann Carina 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is considered one of the most effective psychotherapeutic interventions to treat depression, anxiety, and physical distress in the palliative care setting. Individuals with serious disease face a multitude of stressors and may benefit from CBT with the purpose of alleviating psychological and physical symptoms. This chapter delineates evidence-based multimodal components of CBT and highlights special practice considerations when utilizing this effective form of therapy across different disease sites, cultural groups, and settings. Techniques such as recognition of automatic thoughts, thought stopping, cognitive restructuring, reality testing, behavioral activation, relaxation techniques, and the incorporation of mindfulness and meditation are discussed. Resources for continued practice and training with the purpose of utilizing CBT in the clinical practice setting are provided.
Care Coordination
Authors: Cammy Rebecca , LaTourette Lauren 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Care coordination provides a framework to deliver quality care to the most complex and high-risk patients while simultaneously controlling resources and cost, particularly at the end of life. Through assessment and exploration of the social determinants of health, social workers can address barriers to shared decision-making; in turn, this boosts healthcare communication with the ultimate goal of improving care and health outcomes. A social work–led care coordination called the Ambulatory Integration of the Medical and Social (AIMS) model is presented through four areas: (1) patient engagement, (2) assessment and care plan development, (3) care coordination, and (4) care as needed. However, care coordination has not traditionally incorporated palliative care assessment and interventions. Models that integrate routine care coordination with palliative care can enhance effective healthcare service delivery. Health social workers have unique expertise to lead teams in implementing and engaging in care coordination activities that provide services and support patients, families, and caregivers.
Crisis Intervention
Authors: Ammon Esther 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In palliative care, regardless of the setting, it is common for clinicians to encounter patients and families during times of heightened stress or crisis, when normal coping mechanisms may be compromised in the context of serious illness. Crisis intervention (CI) skills are critical to the palliative care clinician, and palliative care social workers are poised to implement them in order to support strengths, enhance resilience, and mitigate trauma. This chapter reviews the history of CI, the uniqueness of precipitating events that occur in palliative care settings, and the literature related to crisis situations in palliative care. It examines whether common CI models are well-suited for palliative care settings as well as ways in which best practice palliative care approaches may differ from existing CI models, highlighting areas for future inquiry.
The Doctor within
Authors: McBee Lucia 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Integrative approaches to health and healing represent a paradigm shift from expectations of cure to caring and individual choice. This shift, in part, corresponds to an aging population with increasing chronic conditions and pain, conditions that require managing rather than curing. The values and approaches of integrative health, social work, and palliative care overlap and complement each other in a variety of ways. All are holistic, person and family centered, and strength based. In addition, both social work and integrative modalities are inclusive of a multicultural approach. This chapter will present an overview of this synergy; review integrative therapies as a whole; and describe examples of specific modalities and their applications to social work and palliative care.
Building the Complete Father Intervention
Authors: Weiner Michael O. , Gallo-Silver Les Paul 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Receiving a medical prognosis that is expected to shorten a father’s life to a finite period upends many aspects of family life, including fathering roles and responsibilities, child–parent interactions, and a father’s ability to maintain previous activities. It places tremendously complex pressures on a fragile system to adapt and evolve. Successful fathering relies on balancing a father’s feelings and thoughts in relationship with those of his child(ren). A serious or terminal illness compromises this balance. A process of rebalancing during this mortal time can become the foundation for creating new lasting moments to add to both a father’s life and their child(ren)’s. Using Building the Complete Father, a cognitive-behavioral legacy planning activity, social workers can facilitate fathers to consider who they are as fathers and what they may still wish to be; and what they do as fathers and what they may still desire to do with their children.
Bereavement in the Beginning Phase of Life
Authors: Cincotta Nancy F. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This chapter addresses developmental and emotional issues experienced by children and their families in understanding and anticipating the loss of a significant person in their lives and their subsequent grief response. Changes imposed by illness and death create an altered framework which can have a major impact on children’s growth and development. Family memory is introduced as a particular component of the emotional structure shared by family members, part of the emotional adhesive that enables a sacred connection within families, a shared and valued memory bank. Memories are forever a part of the child’s internal knowledge base, and they are greatly influenced by illness and death experiences. Rituals and therapeutic activities which can assist children who have a loved one facing the end of life and those who have experienced a loss are identified.
Practice Considerations: Group Work
Authors: Cincotta Nancy F. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Group work, as a therapeutic modality, allows social workers the opportunity to bring individuals in similar situations together to offer each other support and inspiration. Group programs can range in number and age of participants (with distinct benefits to each group size, large or small) and in the situations they are facing. Groups provide forums for information/education, emotional support, and resource sharing. In many cases they can provide a feeling of community that is unequalled. The dynamic nature of group intervention makes them a valued addition to the other types of programming available to adults, adolescents, and children living with life-limiting illnesses.
Medical Crisis Counseling
Authors: Van Gerven Clara 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Medical crisis counseling (MCC) is a structured, brief intervention created by a social worker aimed at supporting patients and their families as they adjust to and cope with chronic or progressive illness. It is typically delivered in collaboration with a medical team and is focused on the impact of the patient’s medical situation on their lives. MCC takes place with the patient and/or the members of their support system and can take anywhere from one to eight sessions. It focuses on eight key concerns: control, self-image, dependency, stigma, abandonment, anger, isolation, and death. It is ideally initiated at diagnosis, exacerbation, or discharge after hospitalization. MCC aims to mitigate the effects of the illness through the accomplishment of specific goals set by the patient and/or their support system.