bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends in American scientists’ political donations and implications for trust in science
Authors: Kaurov Alexander A. , Cologna Viktoria , Tyson Charlie , Oreskes Naomi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractScientists in the United States are more politically liberal than the general population. This fact has fed charges of political bias. To learn more about scientists’ political behavior, we analyze publicly available Federal Election Commission data. We find that scientists who donate to federal candidates and parties are far more likely to support Democrats than Republicans, with less than 10 percent of donations going to Republicans in recent years. The same pattern holds true for employees of the academic sector generally, and for scientists employed in the energy sector. This was not always the case: Before 2000, political contributions were more evenly divided between Democrats and Republicans. We argue that these observed changes are more readily explained by changes in Republican Party attitudes toward science than by changes in American scientists. We reason that greater public involvement by centrist and conservative scientists could help increase trust in science among Republicans.
Inhibition of FOXP3 by stapled alpha-helical peptides dampens regulatory T cell function
Authors: Hawley Katrina M. , Eclov Rachel J. , Schnorenberg Mathew R. , Tian Yu , Shah Rhea N. , Thomas-Toth Anika T. , Fefferman Marie , Bird Gregory H. , Walensky Loren D. , Tirrell Matthew V. , LaBelle James L. 
Published: October 2022

Despite continuing advances in the development of novel cellular-, antibody-, and chemotherapeutic-based strategies to enhance immune reactivity, the presence of regulatory T cells (Treg cells) remains a complicating factor for their clinical efficacy. To overcome dosing limitations and off-target effects from antibody-based Treg cell deletional strategies or small molecule drugging, we investigated the ability of hydrocarbon stapled alpha-helical (SAH) peptides to target FOXP3, the master transcription factor regulator of Treg cell development, maintenance, and suppressive function. Using the crystal structure of the FOXP3 homodimer as a guide, we developed SAHs in the likeness of a portion of the native FOXP3 antiparallel coiled-coil homodimerization domain (SAH-FOXP3) to block this key FOXP3 protein-protein interaction (PPI) through molecular mimicry. We describe the design, synthesis, and biochemical evaluation of single- and double-stapled SAHs covering the entire coiled-coil expanse. We show that lead SAH-FOXP3s bind FOXP3, are cell permeable and nontoxic to T cells, induce dose-dependent transcript and protein level alterations of FOXP3 target genes, impede Treg cell function, and lead to Treg cell gene expression changes in vivo consistent with FOXP3 dysfunction. These results demonstrate a proof of concept for rationally designed FOXP3-directed peptide therapeutics that could be used as approaches to amplify endogenous immune responsiveness.
Aberrant cortical spine dynamics after concussive injury are reversed by integrated stress response inhibition
Authors: Frias Elma S. , Hoseini Mahmood S. , Krukowski Karen , Paladini Maria Serena , Grue Katherine , Ureta Gonzalo , Rienecker Kira D. A. , Walter Peter , Stryker Michael P. , Rosi Susanna 
Published: October 2022

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of long-term neurological disability in the world and the strongest environmental risk factor for the development of dementia. Even mild TBI (resulting from concussive injuries) is associated with a greater than twofold increase in the risk of dementia onset. Little is known about the cellular mechanisms responsible for the progression of long-lasting cognitive deficits. The integrated stress response (ISR), a phylogenetically conserved pathway involved in the cellular response to stress, is activated after TBI, and inhibition of the ISR—even weeks after injury—can reverse behavioral and cognitive deficits. However, the cellular mechanisms by which ISR inhibition restores cognition are unknown. Here, we used longitudinal two-photon imaging in vivo after concussive injury in mice to study dendritic spine dynamics in the parietal cortex, a brain region involved in working memory. Concussive injury profoundly altered spine dynamics measured up to a month after injury. Strikingly, brief pharmacological treatment with the drug-like small-molecule ISR inhibitor ISRIB entirely reversed structural changes measured in the parietal cortex and the associated working memory deficits. Thus, both neural and cognitive consequences of concussive injury are mediated in part by activation of the ISR and can be corrected by its inhibition. These findings suggest that targeting ISR activation could serve as a promising approach to the clinical treatment of chronic cognitive deficits after TBI.
Władysław Strzemiński’s theory of vision and Ronald Langacker’s theory of language
Authors: Tabakowska Elżbieta 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The paper presents evidence in support of the claim that there are some obvious parallels between Ronald Langacker’s theory of grammar, with its emphasis on the role of imagery in language creation and use, and the theory of visual perception as proposed by the prominent Polish art historian and philosopher Władysław Strzemiński in his 1958 book Teoria widzenia (“A Theory of Vision” (2016/1958). Strzemiński argues that paintings are iconic representations of the world as an object of different types of visual perception. Significant similarities between particular types of vision and some fundamental properties of language as defined within the cognitivist framework suggest that linguistic structures are based, to a large extent, on visual perception and that the relation between visual and verbal representations is inherently iconic. It will be argued that the relation between vision and language is based upon principles of iconicity and that an analysis of visual perception may lead to relevant insights into the processes of language creation and development.
Iconicity in gesture
Authors: Fibigerová Kateřina , Guidetti Michèle 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Our paper contributes to the discussion about iconicity by bringing attention to iconic co-speech gestures. We investigate their role in situations where mental representation becomes difficult to fully express through words only. For instance, when Czech speakers describe Motion, the lexicon most often does not allow them to verbalize Path of Motion without indicating Manner of Motion at the same time.
In this context, we asked 72 Czech children and adults to watch and describe Motion video clips where Manner was visually backgrounded in favor of Path. Although adults found a way to verbalize Path without Manner more often than children, Czech participants altogether typically verbalized both Path and Manner but they preferred to gesture about Path only. Gesturing about both Path and Manner was generally marginal and more used by adults than by children. When it occurred, gesturally conveyed Manner tended to be different from spoken Manner and closer to actually viewed Manner. We discuss the ability of creative non-arbitrary iconic gesture to modulate verbal content so that the final polysemiotic message is more satisfactory than the verbal message alone would be.
The iconicity of emotive Hijazi non-lexical expressions of disgust
Authors: Assaadi Mashael 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This study examines the non-arbitrary relationship between Hijazi Arabic Non-Lexical Expressions (HNLEs) and their meanings of disgust based on a semiotic framework. I examine the meanings of the eight HNLEs [ɪf], [uf], [ɔf:u], [ɪf:i], [ɪx:i], [kɪx], [jɪʕ], and [ǀ], the last of which is produced with repetition and deceleration, and argue that this relationship is motivated. The data was elicited from Hijazi speakers by means of an open questionnaire, with the analysis revealing that the physical vocalizations of HNLEs bear similarities to the physical gestures signalling disgust, including how the speakers shape their mouths in a specific manner. The HNLEs stand as motivated representations for the emotion of disgust.
The rise of a concessive “category reassessment” construction
Authors: Traugott Elizabeth Closs 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In the Late Modern English period, several expressions arose with concessive ‘despite what might be expected’
meaning, among them anyway, nonetheless and all the same (Lenker 2010). The topic of this paper is the rise of the specialized concessive construction “but (be) X all
the same”. In the full rhetorical formula of which it is a part, X is initially represented as not having properties Y but
nevertheless as having sufficient other relevant properties to be classified as X, as in “…fear. It is not the eye-rolling,
quaking fear seen in police states, but it is fear all the same” (1963 coha). Here the writer concedes that there is fear
despite Y (see Horn [1991] on “redundant information”) and invites the addressee to
reinterpret the initial X retrospectively (see Haselow [2013] on functions of “final
particles”). Using data mainly from clmet3.0 and coha, I discuss the conventionalization of this construction in
terms of Diachronic Construction Grammar and argue alongside, for example, Goldberg
(2004); Cappelle (2017) and Finkbeiner
(2019) that pragmatics should be given a larger role in construction grammar than has often been the case in the
past.
Responding to thanks
Authors: Brinton Laurel J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A variety of forms serve as responses to thanks in Present-day English, albeit infrequently. Such responses
minimize the debt incurred by the thanker and serve purposes of negative politeness. The history of responses to thanks has
received only brief attention (Jacobsson 2002; Jucker 2020; Taavitsainen and Jucker 2020). Most of the contemporary
responses to thanks (e.g., no problem and you bet) are of quite recent origin. Those that
“express pleasure” (the pleasure was mine) appear in the late-nineteenth century, while those that express
“verbal acknowledgment” (all right, okay) appear in the twentieth century. The increase of minimizing responses
is consonant with a trend toward negative politeness, while the loss of the deferential forms found in Early Modern English
(your humble servant) reflects the rise of camaraderie politeness. Responses to thanks have also undergone
“attenuation” (Jucker 2019), evidenced by the appearance of short forms
(welcome), the rise of verbal acknowledgment types, and the increasing use of such responses as
conversational closers.
Looking for concepts in Early Modern English
Authors: Fitzmaurice Susan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The idea that conceptual meaning in discourse could be identified in constellations of lexical co-occurrences in a particular “universe” of discourse was key in guiding the computational historical semantic–pragmatic work conducted in the Linguistic dna project. The project mapped prominent lexical co-occurrences across the two hundred years of publications in Early English Books Online (eebo-tcp; Text Creation Partnership edition), yielding concept models – constellations of non-adjacent lemmas that consistently co-occur across spans of up to 100 tokens. The goal was to map meaning onto concept models as “discursive concepts”, using encyclopaedic knowledge, pragmatic analysis and context.
The first question concerns the effectiveness of making early hypotheses about the discursive meaning of concept models based on the inferred connections between the lemmas in a quad constellation. The second question is whether the meaning of frequent, apparently stable concept models changes upon their closer scrutiny in the discourses they lead us into. A reader familiar with the particular universe of discourse in which these quads occur, and with the social, historical, literary and philosophical traditions, and the context that they occupy, might be effectively primed by their encyclopaedic knowledge to hypothesise this discursive meaning. This paper demonstrates the efficacy of hypothesis building using encyclopaedic knowledge and pragmatic analysis to interpret optimally relevant concept models.
Translatability, modeling, otherness and the intersemiotic spaces of meaning
Authors: Petrilli Susan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
What comes to the attention immediately in translation is the relationship between the initial text and the
destination text. In interlingual translation these two texts belong to two different historical-natural languages, the transition
is from the verbal to the verbal. But the interpretive trajectory transits through multiple sign systems, never exclusively
verbal. Interlingual translation involves the verbal signs of historical-natural languages, but is also of the semiotic order.
Signs call for interpretants. In terms of Ogden and Richard’s meaning triangle, to reach from the sign to what it means without
passing through the apex representing the act of interpretation is not possible. Evoking authors who have contributed to
understanding the semiotic nature of interpretive work and signifying processes, implied in the simplest act of translation, my
task here is to evidence just how semiotically complex the work of translation is even in the case of interlingual
translation.
Fluorite-related iridate Pr3IrO7: crystal growth, structure, magnetism, thermodynamic, and optical properties
Authors: Kumar Harish , Köpf M , Ullrich A , Klinger M , Jesche A , Kuntscher C A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Spin–orbit coupling in heavy 5d metal oxides, in particular, iridates have received tremendous interest in recent years due to the realization of exotic electronic and magnetic phases. Here, we report the synthesis, structural, magnetic, thermodynamic, and optical properties of the ternary iridate Pr3IrO7. Single crystals of Pr3IrO7 have been grown by the KF flux method. Structural analysis shows that Pr3IrO7 crystallizes in an orthorhombic phase with Cmcm symmetry. The electron energy loss spectroscopy study indicates that Pr is in a 3+ valence state, which implies a 5+ oxidation state of Ir. Magnetization data measured at high and low magnetic fields do not exhibit any bifurcation between M

ZFC
and M

FC
, however, a weak hump in M(T) is observed at

T

∗

∼

10.4 K. The specific heat data reveal two maxima at ∼253 and ∼4.8 K. The optical conductivity

σ
1

(
ω
)

spectrum shows 24 infrared-active phonon modes and reveals an insulating behavior with an optical gap

Δ

O
P

of size ∼500 meV. During cooling down, the temperature-dependent reflectivity spectrum reveals eight extra phonon modes below the structural phase transition (∼253 K). An anomaly is observed at around

T

∗

in the temperature evolution of infrared-active mode frequencies suggesting the presence of significant spin–phonon coupling in the system.
Theoretical investigation of vibrational and electronic properties of HMX crystal under uniaxial compression
Authors: Fan Junyu , Gao Nan , Wang Pengju 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) is a typical energetic molecular crystal with excellent detonation performance and good thermal stability, has been widely used in military and civilian purposes. In this work, the vibrational properties of HMX combined with structure and electronic properties are studied to understand its pressure response against uniaxial compressions. The calculated eigenvalues of stress tensors show significant anisotropy of intermolecular interactions. Especially, the direction of shear stress τxy
and τxz
in [100] compression have an abrupt change near V/V
0 = 0.84. Further, Raman spectra under each uniaxial compression are simulated to inspect the molecular configuration of HMX. Compared to the blue shifts of [010] and [001] orientations, the discontinuous Raman shifts of at V/V
0 = 0.86–0.84 in [100] orientation suggest that HMX would undergoes a possible structural transformation at the pressure of 6.82–9.15 GPa. Structural analysis implies that the subtle rotation of NO2 group is changed by intermolecular interactions of HMX. Moreover, the abnormal evolution of band gap is observed at V/V
0 = 0.84 in [100] orientation, which is associated with the structure modification of HMX. Overall, the compression behaviors of HMX under uniaxial compressions would provide a useful insight for the actual shock compression conditions.
Exact results for the orbital angular momentum of magnons on honeycomb lattices
Authors: Fishman Randy S , Lindsay Lucas , Okamoto Satoshi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We obtain exact results for the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of magnons at the high symmetry points of ferromagnetic (FM) and antiferromagnetic (AF) honeycomb lattices in the presence of Dzyallonshinskii–Moriya (DM) interactions. For the FM honeycomb lattice in the absence of DM interactions, the values of the OAM at the corners of the Brillouin zone (BZ) (

k

1
∗

=
(
0
,
2

3

/

9
)
2
π

/

a

,

k

2
∗

=
(
1

/

3
,

3

/

9
)
2
π

/

a
,
…

) are alternately

±
3
ℏ

/

16

for both magnon bands. The presence of DM interactions dramatically changes those values by breaking the degeneracy of the two magnon bands. The OAM values are alternately

3
ℏ

/

8

and 0 for the lower magnon band and

−
3
ℏ

/

8

and 0 for the upper magnon band. For the AF honeycomb lattice, the values of the OAM at the corners of the BZ are

∓
(
3
ℏ

/

16
)
κ

on one of the degenerate magnon bands and

±
(
3
ℏ

/

8
)
(
1
+
κ

/

2
)

on the other, where κ measures the anisotropy and the result is independent of the DM interaction.
Crack mediated dislocation activities in Al/Ti nanolayered composites: an atomistic study
Authors: Maurya Sumit Kumar , Chandra Sagar , Nie Jian-Feng , Alankar Alankar 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this work, to understand crack propagation in Al/Ti nanolayered composites, a series of molecular dynamic simulations were performed with crack in different layers of the nanolayered composites and subjected to mode I loading. Nanolayered composite with a crack in Al layer, and monolithic Al show ductile fracture behavior that occurs by nucleation of Shockley partial dislocation at the crack tip. On the other hand, the fracture behavior in nanolayered composites with a crack in Ti shows crack bowing which is similar to the brittle fracture, and subsequent crack trapping at the interface. However, monolithic Ti shows typical cleavage fracture followed by activation of basal and pyramidal

⟨
c
+
a
⟩

slip that blunts the crack leading to ductile fracture. When the crack is in the Ti layer, the other Ti layers in a nanolayered composite deform by prismatic and pyramidal

⟨
c
+
a
⟩

slip. However, the Ti layer deforms only via slip on prismatic planes when the crack is in the Al layer. Critical strain energy release rate G

c
based continuum analysis predicts the fracture mode in monolithic Ti correctly, but it fails to predict the fracture mode in monolithic Al and nanolayered composites with crack in the Al layer. It is found that the G

c
determined based on external loading is marginally higher when the crack is in the Al layer as compared against the case when the crack is in the Ti layer. The G

c
value for the basal and pyramidal slip in Ti is higher than the G

c
value for cleavage. This poses an interesting phenomenon since the G

c
in monolithic Al is found to be much lower than that of monolithic Ti. The reason is attributed to the constrained plasticity in the presence of an Al/Ti interface.
Molecular beam epitaxial growth of multilayer 2D-boron nitride on Ni substrates from borazine and plasma-activated nitrogen
Authors: Hadid Jawad , Colambo Ivy , Avila Jose , Plaud Alexandre , Boyaval Christophe , Deresmes Dominique , Nuns Nicolas , Dudin Pavel , Loiseau Annick , Barjon Julien , Wallart Xavier , Vignaud Dominique 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
2D boron nitride (2D-BN) was synthesized by gas-source molecular beam epitaxy on polycrystalline and monocrystalline Ni substrates using gaseous borazine and active nitrogen generated by a remote plasma source. The excess of nitrogen atoms allows to overcome the thickness self-limitation active on Ni when using borazine alone. The nucleation density and the shape of the 2D-BN domains are clearly related to the Ni substrate preparation and to the growth parameters. Based on spatially-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and on the detection of the π plasmon peak, we discuss the origin of the N1s and B1s components and their relationship with an electronic coupling at the interface. After optimization of the growth parameters, a full 2D-BN coverage is obtained, although the material thickness is not evenly distributed. The 2D-BN presents a granular structure on (111) oriented Ni grains, showing a rather poor cristallographic quality. On the contrary, high quality 2D-BN is found on (101) and (001) Ni grains, where triangular islands are observed whose lateral size is limited to ∼20 μm.
Tuning electronic and optical properties of monolayer MoS2 by transition metal and nitrogen co-doping
Authors: Zhao Yafei , Nie Kuiying , He Liang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this work, using first principles study, we systematically studied the doping site, formation energy, electronic and optical properties of transition metal (TM), nitrogen (N) mono-doped and co-doped MoS2. It is found that TM and N atoms tend to settle at Mo and N sites, respectively. Both mono-doping and co-doping can reduce the band gap of MoS2. Mono-doping and co-doping can introduce impurity levels (ILs) within the band gap of MoS2. Especially, Sc-N co-doping positions the ILs in the middle of the band gap of MoS2, which can better assist the photogenerated electronic transitions. More importantly, the additionally added interband transitions can realize infrared light (IR) photoresponse through two-step optical absorption. This work has guiding significance for promoting the applications of MoS2 in the field of IR photodetectors and photovoltaic devices.
Optoelectronic and thermoelectric characteristics of lead-free halide based double perovskites Rb2GaInX6 (X = Cl, Br, I) for solar cell applications
Authors: Ejaz Ayesha , Mustafa Ghulam M , Amin Muhammad , Noor N A , Ullah Hamid , Neffati R 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
For the fabrication of thermoelectric and optoelectronic devices, metal halide perovskite materials are perfect applicants. In this work, first-principles computation is carried out to explore the structural, optical, electronic, and transport features of Rb2InGaX6(X = Cl, Br, I).In structural calculations, the obtained value of Paugh’s ratio(B/G) reveals the material’s brittleness. The acquired negative value of enthalpy of formation (∆Hf) exposes the studied materials are stable. The exploitation of band structure exhibits that the Rb2InGaX6(X = Cl, Br) compound possesses an indirect bandgap value of 2.20eV for Cl, which significantly decreases to 0.90 eV by substituting anion from Cl up to I. The materials under observation possess a remarkable absorption coefficient α (ω) in ultraviolet and visible region (2–8eV) of light spectra, which makes it practical for photocell and optical device fabrication. Furthermore, the transport features are estimated by utilizing the BoltzTrap code within the temperature range of 200–500 K. The calculated value of the figure of merit (ZT) indicates that Rb2GaInX6 (X = Cl, Br, I) compounds are a potential candidate for thermoelectric device applications.