bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of Online Detection System of Boiler Water Quality Based on STM32
Authors: Hu Weipeng , Wei Zhenshun , Shi Qiulin , Miao Xueyan , Li Shenghao , Liang Jintao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Industrial boilers have strict requirements for water quality. It is necessary to adjust water treatment measures and regular blowdown according to the monitoring of phosphate and soluble silica content in boiler water to avoid boiler scaling, corrosion, and deterioration of steam quality, and prevent major accidents. The traditional boiler water quality detection technology has a strong lag and long detection time, which cannot meet real-time online detection. Aiming at the requirement of detection of phosphate radical and soluble silica content in boiler water quality, a portable and low-cost online detection system of boiler water quality based on STM32 was studied. The pump valve flow path is constructed with a syringe pump equipped with a syringe and a distribution valve, LED and silicon photocell are used for the light source and detector of the system respectively, and the photoelectric detection part is composed of a designed Z-shaped flow cell, which reduces the experimental cost; Design a data acquisition circuit based on STM32 microcontroller and a 16-bit high-precision analogy-to-digital converter, as well as a constant-current drive circuit for driving LED light sources, to improve the stability and high precision of the automatic measuring instrument. The system test results show that the boiler water quality online detection system based on STM32 can accurately detect the phosphate and soluble silica concentrations in boiler water quality.
Effect of Low Temperature on Electrochemical Performance of Polyanion Battery Material
Authors: He Rui , Wei Aijia , Bai Xue , Li Xiaohui , Mu Jinping , Liu Peng , Liu Zhenfa , Zhang Lihui 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we prepared LiFePO4/C by the solid-state method. For the sake of discussing the function of low temperature on material performance, we analyzed the microstructure of materials using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Also, we conducted charge/discharge tests, rate performance, and electrochemical impedance performance to study the electrochemical performances. Our conclusion revealed that the charge transfer impedance increases obviously when the temperature drops, this will leads to a sharp decline in the electrochemical performance of the material.
Umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cell-GelMA microspheres for accelerated wound healing
Authors: Li Yanqun , Liu Dongyu , Tan Fengming , Yin Wenling , Li Zhihuan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an ideal seed cell for tissue engineering and stem cell transplantation. MSCs combined with biological scaffolds play an important role in promoting the repair of cutaneous wound. However, direct administration of MSCs is challenging for MSCs survival and integration into tissues. Providing MSCs with a biocompatible scaffold can improve MSCs survival, but the effect of gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) loaded MSCs from umbilical cord MSCs (UC-MSCs) in wound healing remains unknown. Here, we investigated the ability of GelMA with UC-MSCs complexes to promote migration and proliferation and the effect on wound healing in mouse models. We discovered that UC-MSCs attached to GelMA and promoted the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts. Both UC-MSCs and UC-MSCs-derived extracellular vesicles accelerated wound healing. MSC + Gelatin methacrylate microspheres (GMs) application decreased expression of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and Type III collagen (Col3) in vivo, leading to new collagen deposition and angiogenesis, and accelerate wound healing and skin tissue regeneration. Taken together, these findings indicate MSC + GMs can promote wound healing by regulating wound healing-related factors in the paracrine. Therefore, our research proves that GelMA is an ideal scaffold for the top management of UC-MSCs in wound healing medical practice.
Uncertainty relations for the support of quantum states
Authors: Fiorentino Vincenzo , Weigert Stefan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Given a narrow signal over the real line, there is a limit to the localisation of its Fourier transform. In spaces of prime dimensions, Tao derived a sharp state-independent uncertainty relation which holds for the support sizes of a pure qudit state in two bases related by a discrete Fourier transform. We generalise Tao’s uncertainty relation to complete sets of mutually unbiased (MU) bases in spaces of prime dimensions. The bound we obtain appears to be sharp for dimension three only. Analytic and numerical results for prime dimensions up to nineteen suggest that the bound cannot be saturated in general. For prime dimensions two to seven we construct sharp bounds on the support sizes in

(
d
+
1
)

MU bases and identify some of the states achieving them.
Preface: CIB World Building Congress 2022
Authors: Behm Michael , Aranda-Mena Guillermo , Wakefield Ron , Mellencamp Erin 
Published: December 2022

1. World Building Congress 2022 Overview

The International Council for Research and Innovation in Building and Construction (CIB) World Building Congress (WBC) 2022 ‘Building Our Future: Informing Practice to Enhance the Lives of Current and Future Generations’ was held from 27 to 30 June 2022 at RMIT University in Melbourne, Australia and online. The WBC is a triennial event bringing together the global scientific community to share ideas about cutting-edge research affecting the built environment. The inaugural WBC was held in Rotterdam, The Netherlands in 1959. CIB (Conseil International du Bâtiment) is a member-driven platform to provide a network for international collaboration in building and construction research and innovation.
List of WBC 2022 Scientific Committee, W078 Scientific Committee are available in this pdf.
An artificial neural network analysis of rework in sustainable buildings
Authors: Olanrewaju Abdul Lateef 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Sustainable buildings were introduced to lessen the negative impact of buildings on their users, occupants, communities, and the environment, and to increase contractors’ productivity and profit margins. However, despite the prospects and benefits of sustainable buildings, instances of reworking in buildings have been recorded by construction companies. This research developed a questionnaire instrument that included 20 determinants of rework in sustainable buildings, measured on a 5-point Likert scale. An artificial neural network model was used to predict the determinants of rework in sustainable buildings. The data revealed that sustainable buildings are delayed by more than 15% and cost overrun by more than 20%. Rework in sustainable buildings is about 15%. The correlation results revealed that rework will increase project costs by up to 29% and completion time by about 27%. The model revealed that lack of performance specification; lack of skilled workers with green materials and components; poor application of industrialised building systems; lack of project governance; absence of sustainable construction managers; poor welfare; and poor adoption of building information modelling are the main predictors of reworks. The research will provide references for all stakeholders involved in the procurement of sustainable buildings. This study is foremost to examine reworks in sustainable buildings, as its findings hold critical theoretical and practical implications for future research on the sustainable building market.
Urban resilience actions in the built environment: an analysis of the city of Salvador – Bahia - Brazil
Authors: Rodrigues Prado Angélica Fabíola , Varela Alberte Elaine Pinto , Ventura Andréa Cardoso , Iglesias Ventin Jadi Tosta 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Urban resilience is the ability of a city to return or maintain its full functioning in the face of some unexpected or usual disruption. Several cities around the world have sought to achieve urban resilience considering a scenario of several challenges related to climate change and the growing population demand. The built environment needs to adapt and innovate its way of building in order to absorb the concepts of resilience and to produce changes in the current production model of construction. In addition, it is important to evaluate the urban context of each city, since urban resilience strategies adopted in a given place do not necessarily meet the needs of other places. Therefore, this work aims to analyse urban resilience actions applied and applicable to the built environment of the city of Salvador - Bahia - Brazil, in view of studies and practices identified in the world. To this end, a systematic literature review, a documental analysis, and semi-structured interviews with agents of academia, industry, and local government were carried out. As a result, actions at the local and global levels were identified and categorized. Then, these actions were analysed based on the perception and experience of the interviewees. Finally, a current overview of particularities, difficulties, and opportunities for improvement on the urban resilience actions applied and applicable to the built environment of the city of Salvador was obtained, to better direct the actions of the regional construction industry.
Urban biodiversity and carbon sinks – do they overlap? Case study of Helsinki Metropolitan Area, Finland.
Authors: Kinnunen A , Lampinen J 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Amongst the greatest global environmental challenges of our time are climate change and biodiversity loss. Feedback mechanisms associated with warming climate could also lead to large-scale biodiversity losses worldwide and it would therefore be logical to seek mitigation methods beneficial for both impact categories. However, research on the topic remains relatively scarce. Our study focuses on two key aspects of environmental sustainability, carbon storage capacity and species biodiversity, to determine whether these correlate at different levels of urban density. GIS-datasets are utilized to estimate the carbon storage potential and species diversity across the urban landscape as well as their association at different levels of urban land use intensity. The results highlight the importance of small green spaces at dense urban cores, indicating that in environments where green infrastructure is limited high species diversity and carbon storage are more likely to overlap, whereas at urban fringe the observed relationship is weaker and divergence of the two impact categories becomes more probable. The study draws attention to the role fragmented, limited green spaces play at establishing functioning ecosystems at local scale and provides new information to support the development of sustainable planning and management practices across the urban land use gradient.
Energy-as-a-service: A new business model for the built environment?
Authors: Muthumala H S , Eves C , Oswald D , Halvitigala D 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The energy landscape in Australian built environment is becoming more complex, with traditional utility consumption declines and the rise of renewable energy sources, meaning buildings are able to generate, monitor and store their own energy. These energy transitions are impacting upon the stability of traditional business models. Energy-as-a-service (EaaS) as an emerging business model has shown potential under this complex energy transition. However, with limited studies into this business model, there is a research gap in understanding of how EaaS can facilitate a successful energy transition. In addressing such research gap, this study investigates about potential pathways to establish EaaS from an industry perspective. A generic qualitative research design within a constructivist paradigm was adopted in this exploratory study with twenty-nine semi-structured interviews. The study revealed four recommended directions EaaS could be practically established for improving energy transition within the built environment. This study contributes by providing research-based evidence into new, emerging, and innovative business models within the built environment.
A Holistic Framework for Determining the Trade-off between Embodied and Operational Carbon Emissions of High-rise Residential Buildings
Authors: Pan Wei , Teng Yue , Bai Yefei , Yu Cong , Xu Jiayi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Buildings’ carbon emissions consist of embodied carbon (EC) associated with the production and transportation of materials and operational carbon (OC) generated from consumed energy during daily use. However, previous studies concentrated on either EC or OC but ignored an integrated analysis of their relationships. Therefore, this paper aims to explore appropriate building envelope design solutions by examining the trade-off between EC and OC of high-rise residential buildings. To achieve this aim, the life cycle assessment method was used to evaluate the EC and OC of the residential buildings using SimaPro and DesignBuilder software. A building information modelling (BIM) model was developed to extract the geometric data and material consumption. A typical 30-story public residential building in Hong Kong was examined. The EC and OC of the case building were calculated as 561 kg CO2e/m2 and 50.18 kg CO2e/m2/yr, respectively. Different low carbon design scenarios were identified from the literature review and the semi-structured interviews with designers and contractors. Results indicate that low carbon concrete is an effective approach for not only reducing the EC by 5%-15%, but saving a mild percentage of OC, and is therefore encouraged. However, changing the thickness of external walls leads to a very limited life cycle carbon reduction (0.99%). Lower U-value of envelopes is recommended as 2.84% and 2.89% life cycle carbon is reduced when adopting insulations for external walls and triple-glazing windows. The findings are valuable for examining the relationships between EC and OC and can support low carbon building decision-making.
Evaluating the impact of building material selection on the life cycle carbon emissions of South African affordable housing
Authors: Moghayedi A , Massyn M , Le Jeune K , Michell K 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study evaluated the life cycle carbon emissions of the two most common affordable housing designs primarily used in South Africa. It examined the impact of conventional, alternative and green building materials on life cycle carbon emissions of five main building components: building envelope, internal walls, flooring, windows, and roof systems. The EDGE application modelling software was used to estimate the life cycle carbon emissions of the various building materials and the overall houses. The comparison between the resulting carbon emissions of the three scenarios proved that modifying the building materials from conventional to alternative and green materials is able to reduce ~55% and ~75% of carbon emission of the construction phase, respectively and overall ~10% of life cycle carbon emission of the house. The findings, however, indicated that a change in building material has a more significant impact on the carbon emission in the construction phase than the operational phase. The results, therefore, confirmed the critical role of material selection in affordable housing as the main contributor to the life cycle carbon emissions, given the absence of heating and cooling systems in these housing types. Finally, the finding led to the conclusion that a change in material used for affordable housing alters the method of construction for the proposed materials and consequently lowers the lifecycle carbon emissions produced by the construction industry and improves the sustainability of houses and the housing sector in general.
Bio-concretes and GHG emissions reduction: what the scientific literature says?
Authors: Siqueira T P L , Sá T S W , Caldas L R , Hasparyk N P , Toledo Filho R D 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Bio-concretes incorporates several types of biomaterials, and they emerge as a sustainable alternative to traditional concrete. In this context, the use of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to evaluate the environmental performance of these materials becomes fundamental in order to identify the main points for improvement. Therefore, this study performed a Systematic Literature Review, analysing the published works about LCA of the different types of bio-concretes, identifying the limitations and possible improvements for future studies. Because bio-concrete is a relatively new material, only 16 articles were found about this topic; however, it was observed a trend towards awareness of the relevance of performing LCA to evaluate the material’s performance. Furthermore, there is no standardisation about the functional unit studied and the possibilities of bio-concretes end-of-life, showing the need of evaluating these variables in future studies. The hempcrete was the type of bio-concrete most evaluated. Moreover, the Global warming potential was the most studied impact category, and binder production was the main contributor for the CO2 emissions. When compared with conventional building materials, bio-concretes can have great GHG emissions reduction. It was verified that the biogenic carbon has a big influence in the GWP results of bio-concretes and must be addressed correctly.
Climate-adaptive housing for the elderly: A preliminary study in New Zealand
Authors: Rañeses M K , Chang-Richards A , Wang K I-K , Dirks K N 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A changing climate requires our built environment to be adaptable to better serve the communities for which it was intended. However, little is known about how climate change, especially rising temperatures, will impact housing and thus affect at-risk populations. This study was conducted as a preliminary study to develop and validate a research instrument (questionnaire survey) to be used in investigating the potential effects of rising temperatures on the elderly in Auckland, the largest city of New Zealand, and the role they perceive housing plays in reducing these effects. Prior to conducting more comprehensive full-scale research, the development and validation of the questionnaire survey was deemed vital to ensure the quality of the research instrument to be used. Assessment from experts and participants were used to revise the questionnaire. From this phase, the authors were able to execute the following: 1) made improvements to the research instrument such as modification of questions for better understanding of the participants, addition of relevant items, removal of unnecessary items, revision of terms to accommodate common understanding, and enhancement of question presentation (e.g., from tick box or open-ended to Likert scale); 2) checked the viability of the data collection process; and (3) planned for data coding scheme, processing, and analysis techniques. This study demonstrated that the proposed research instrument to be used in conducting the comprehensive research is feasible.
Impact of technology developments on multicriteria performances of BIPV in non-domestic buildings
Authors: Weerasinghe R P N P , Yang R J 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) which can be applied to various parts of the building envelope such as walls, roofs, windows, and facades provides untapped opportunities to produce green energy even to meet total building’s energy need. Although, there are buildings with successful applications, the growth of the BIPV among both PV and building industries is inadequate due to various reasons particularly technical complexities. However, currently, many technological advancements have been emerged meeting market expectations, eliminating the current obstacles. System performances always lead to the decision of BIPV adoption are varied continuously. This paper aims to investigate the impact of technology developments on the multiple performances: economic; structural substitutable; environmental of 46 BIPV projects in non-domestic buildings in western countries using levelised cost of energy, net present value, material offset and greenhouse gas emission savings. Sensitivity analysis identifies generate four scenarios i) capital cost, 2) electricity conversion efficiency, 3) share of grid supply and 4) lifetime. The results revealed that capital cost has substantial influence than others to uplift the performances. It is significant to optimise the share of grid supply and onsite consumption for favourable performances. The outcome empowers stakeholders to explore the significance of technology deployment.
Policy interventions for disaster-related internal displacement in Australia
Authors: Mortimer Anastasia , Egbelakin Temitope , Sher Willy 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
It is projected that internal displacement of populations in the aftermath of natural hazards will occur more frequently due to climate change [1]. However, to date, 35 nations have implemented policy or legal protections at a national level to plan for displacement or to protect the rights of internally displaced people (IDPs) [2]. While no cohesive national strategy for internal displacement has been developed in Australia, a thematic analysis of climate change, disasters, and emergency management policies was conducted to determine if Australian policy acknowledges the issue of internal displacement or plans for its effects. The study found that Australian policy fails to recognise the needs of IDPs and the threat of displacement risk. The failure of national governments to implement policy and legislation on internal displacement has the potential to undermine the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and stifle the progression of international initiatives such as the Sendai Framework and the Paris Climate Agreement. Furthermore, the lack of recognition for the issue at the governmental level contributes to disaster displacement risk creation, placing vulnerable populations at risk of displacement and associated stressors. As displacement governance is an integral part of addressing the human impacts of climate change and natural hazards [3], this research suggests how displacement risk could be reduced in Australia through national-level policy interventions.
Sustainability Indicators in Building Construction Projects through the Lens of Project Delivery Elements
Authors: Moradi Sina , Kähkönen Kalle 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Sustainability indicators have been developed since 1990s to be utilized in construction projects as tools and instruments for achieving higher level sustainability. Achieving sustainability goals in construction projects can be affected by the delivery model in place in a positive or negative manner, as it accounts for accomplishing project definition, design, planning, and execution phases. With any construction project we can recognize three main delivery elements which are project organization, contractual relationships, and operational system. This study aims to address the role of these project delivery elements in the application of sustainability indicators in building construction projects. To do so, a literature study was carried out and qualitative analysis of the relevant studies led to the identification of sustainability indicators, barriers, and enablers in building construction. Then, these indicators, barriers, and enablers were analysed and structured within a model based on their relation to the elements of construction project delivery. The findings present a sustainability model for building construction, revealing the connection between the project delivery elements and the identified barriers and enablers for the application of the sustainability indicators. These findings contribute toward facilitating sustainable construction through project delivery and provide a frame of reference for the future studies.