bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALÍTICA DA APRENDIZAGEM EM UM CURSO TÉCNICO INTEGRADO: COMPREENDER PARA MELHORAR
Authors: Silva de Lemos Santos Sylvana Karla da 
Published: June 2022

Este trabalho tem como finalidade realizar a Analítica da Aprendizagem no contexto dos estudantes do curso Técnico em Informática integrado ao ensino médio no Instituto Federal de Brasília (IFB), Campus Brasília. A pesquisa considerou o cenário de Ensino Remoto Emergencial, decretado em virtude da pandemia da Covid-19 nas escolas públicas e privadas do Distrito Federal e a permanência dos cursos do IFB nesse modelo até o término do ano letivo de 2021. Foi adotada a metodologia exploratória e a obtenção dos dados se deu pela aplicação de um questionário online, elaborado com o recurso Enquete que é incorporado ao Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem Moodle. A abordagem foi realizada para o componente curricular Redes de Computadores, teve a participação de 42 estudantes matriculados no primeiro ano do curso e distribuídos em três turmas. A análise quantitativa e qualitativa dos dados forneceu indícios de dificuldades na compreensão de alguns conteúdos da disciplina, o que permite identificar gargalos e buscar melhorias para a próxima oferta na retomada do ensino presencial.
Pengaruh Aktivitas Menghafal Doa Harian Terhadap Nilai Agama Dan Moral Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun di RA Tarbiyatul Aulad Karangtanjung Sidoarjo
Authors: Sulichah Nesyatus , Khotimah Nurul 
Published: June 2022

Penelitian di latar belakangi oleh adanya kegiatan di RA. Tarbiyatul Aulad Karangtanjung Sidoarjo, yang mana anak tersebut menghafal doa harian. Sehubungan dengan kegiatan tersebut memunculkan pertanyaan apakah dengan aktivitas menghafal doa harian di RA. Tarbiyatul Aulad Karangtanjung Sidoarjo mampu berpengaruh terhadap nilai agama dan moral anak? Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survey. Subjek penelitian ini adalah anak usia 5-6 tahun di RA.
Tarbiyatul Aulad Karangtanjung Sidoarjo sebanyak 28 responden. Karena jumlah siswa < 100, dan penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian populasi. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket tertutup. Data terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan analisis Product Moment dan regresi sederhana dengan bantuan Software Program SPSS versi 25 for windows.
Hasil dari penelitian adalah : (1) Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara menghafal Do’a harian terhadap Nilai Agama dan Moral Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun di RA. Tarbiyatul Aulad Karangtanjung Sidoarjo, hal ini ditunjukkan oleh hasil r= 0,845, dengan p= 0,000 < 0,05 dan berada pada tingkat tinggi. (2) Besarnya pengaruh menghafal Do’a Harian terhadap Nilai Agamandan Moral anak Usia 5-6 Tahun di RA. Tarbiyatul Aulad Karangtanjung Sidoarjo adalah sebesar 71,5% yang ditunjukkan harga p = 0.000 < 0.05 dan sisanya sebesar 28,5% dipengaruhi oleh factor lain yang belum diketahui oleh peneliti.
Emoji-SP, the Spanish emoji database: Visual complexity, familiarity, frequency of use, clarity, and emotional valence and arousal norms for 1031 emojis
Authors: Ferré Pilar , Haro Juan , Pérez-Sánchez Miguel Ángel , Moreno Irene , Hinojosa José Antonio 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article presents subjective norms for 1031 emojis in six dimensions: visual complexity, familiarity, frequency of use, clarity, emotional valence, and emotional arousal. This is the largest normative study conducted so far that relies on subjective ratings. Unlike the few existing normative studies, which mainly comprise face emojis, here we present a wide range of emoji categories. We also examine the correlations between the dimensions assessed. Our results show that, in terms of their affective properties, emojis are analogous to other stimuli, such as words, showing the expected U-shaped relationship between valence and arousal. The relationship between affective properties and other dimensions (e.g., between valence and familiarity) is also similar to the relationship observed in words, in the sense that positively valenced emojis are more familiar than negative ones. These findings suggest that emojis are suitable stimuli for studying affective processing. Emoji-SP will be highly valuable for researchers of various fields interested in emojis, including computer science, communication, linguistics, and psychology. The full set of norms is available at: https://osf.io/dtfjv/.
FIRE SITUATION IN RESIDENTIAL AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES CAUSED BY DIFFERENT KINDS OF ELECTRICAL DEVICES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN 2016-2020
Authors: Сибирко Виталий Иванович , Малёмина Екатерина Николаевна , Гончаренко Валентина Сергеевна , Мартынов Владимир Алексеевич 
Published: June 2022

Проанализированы число пожаров, погибших и травмированных на них людей, прямой материальный ущерб от пожаров, возникших в Российской Федерации в 2016-2020 гг. от различных видов электрических изделий и устройств в зданиях, сооружениях жилого сектора и общественных зданиях, сооружениях. По результатам исследования установлено, что примерно две трети рассматриваемых пожаров произошло от кабелей и проводов. Среди кабелей и проводов различных видов наибольшее число пожаров произошло от открытых медных проводов, открытых алюминиевых проводов, скрытых медных проводов, открытых медных кабелей. Наибольшее число погибших и травмированных людей, прямой ущерб также соответствуют пожарам от кабелей и проводов.
There was analyzed the number of fires, fire deaths and fire injures as well as material loss from fires caused by different kinds of electrical devices in residential and public buildings and structures in the Russian Federation in 2016-2020. As a result of the study it was found that approximately two-thirds of the considered fires were caused by cables and wires. Among cables and wires of different kinds, the largest number of fires was caused by open copper wires, open aluminum wires, hidden copper wires and open copper cables. The largest number of fire deaths and injuries, direct material loss also corresponds to fires caused by cables and wires.
PSP/WISPR Observations of Dust Density Depletion near the Sun. II. New Insights from within the Depletion Zone
Authors: Stenborg Guillermo , Howard Russell A. , Vourlidas Angelos , Gallagher Brendan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Visible light observations from the Wide-field Imager for Solar PRobe (WISPR) aboard the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) mission offer a unique opportunity to study the dust environment near the Sun. The existence of a dust-free zone (DFZ) around stars was postulated almost a century ago. Despite numerous attempts to detect it from as close as 0.3 au, observational evidence of a circumsolar DFZ has remained elusive. Analysis of WISPR images obtained from heliocentric distances between 13.3–53.7 R
⊙ over multiple PSP orbits shows a gradually decreasing brightness gradient along the symmetry axis of the F-corona for coronal heights between 19 and 9 R
⊙. Below 9 R
⊙, the gradient reverses its trend, approaching the radial dependence exhibited at heights above 19 R
⊙. After taking into account the effects of both the electron corona background and the nonresolved starlight, the WISPR observations down to 4 R
⊙ are consistent with forward-modeling simulations of the F-corona brightness within [−6, 5]% if a circumsolar region of depleted dust density between 19 and 5 R
⊙ enclosing a DFZ is considered. In addition, we show, for the first time, that the F-corona brightness inward of about 15 R
⊙ depends on the observer’s location for observing distances below 35 R
⊙.
Luminous Fast Blue Optical Transients and Type Ibn/Icn SNe from Wolf-Rayet/Black Hole Mergers
Authors: Metzger Brian D. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Progenitor models for the “luminous” subclass of Fast Blue Optical Transients (LFBOTs; prototype: AT2018cow) are challenged to simultaneously explain all of their observed properties: fast optical rise times of days or less; peak luminosities ≳1044 erg s−1; low yields ≲0.1M
⊙ of 56Ni; aspherical ejecta with a wide velocity range (≲3000 km s−1 to ≳0.1–0.5c with increasing polar latitude); presence of hydrogen-depleted-but-not-free dense circumstellar material (CSM) on radial scales from ∼1014 cm to ∼3 × 1016 cm; embedded variable source of non-thermal X-ray/γ-rays, suggestive of a compact object. We show that all of these properties are consistent with the tidal disruption and hyper-accretion of a Wolf-Rayet (WR) star by a black hole or neutron star binary companion. In contrast with related previous models, the merger occurs with a long delay (≳100 yr) following the common envelope (CE) event responsible for birthing the binary, as a result of gradual angular momentum loss to a relic circumbinary disk. Disk-wind outflows from the merger-generated accretion flow generate the 56Ni-poor aspherical ejecta with the requisite velocity range. The optical light curve is powered primarily by reprocessing X-rays from the inner accretion flow/jet, though CSM shock interaction also contributes. Primary CSM sources include WR mass loss from the earliest stages of the merger (≲1014 cm) and the relic CE disk and its photoevaporation-driven wind (≳1016 cm). Longer delayed mergers may instead give rise to supernovae Type Ibn/Icn (depending on the WR evolutionary state), connecting these transient classes with LFBOTs.
The Cooling of the Central Compact Object in Cas A from 2006 to 2020
Authors: Posselt B. , Pavlov G. G. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We report on the study of six Chandra observations (four epochs) of the Central Compact Object (CCO) in the Cassiopeia A supernova remnant with the ACIS instrument in the subarray mode. This mode minimizes spectrum-distorting instrumental effects such as pileup. The data were taken over a time span of ∼14 yr. If a non-magnetic carbon atmosphere is assumed for this youngest known CCO, then the temperature change is constrained to be

T

̇

=
−
2900
±
600

K yr−1 or

T

̇

=
−
4500
±
800

K yr−1 (1σ uncertainties) for constant or varying absorbing hydrogen column density. These values correspond to cooling rates of −1.5% ± 0.3% per 10 yr and −2.3% ± 0.4% per 10 yr, respectively. We discuss an apparent increase in the cooling rate in the last five years and the variations of the inferred absorbing hydrogen column densities between epochs. Considered together, these changes could indicate systematic effects such as caused by, e.g., an imperfect calibration of the increasing contamination of the ACIS filter.
Depletion of Moderately Volatile Elements by Open-system Loss in the Early Solar Nebula
Authors: Sengupta Debanjan , Estrada Paul R. , Cuzzi Jeffrey N. , Humayun Munir 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Rocky bodies of the inner solar system display a systematic depletion of “moderately volatile elements” (MVEs) that correlates with the expected condensation temperature of their likely host materials under protoplanetary nebula conditions. In this paper, we present and test a new hypothesis in which open-system loss processes irreversibly remove vaporized MVEs from high nebula altitudes, leaving behind the more refractory solids residing much closer to the midplane. The MVEs irreversibly lost from the nebula through these open-system loss processes are then simply unavailable for condensation onto planetesimals forming even much later, after the nebula has cooled, overcoming a critical difficulty encountered by previous models of this type. We model open-system loss processes operating at high nebula altitudes, such as resulting from disk winds flowing out of the system entirely, or layered accretion directly onto the young Sun. We find that mass-loss rates higher than those found in typical T-Tauri disk winds, lasting short periods of time, are most satisfactory, pointing to multiple intense early outburst stages. Using our global nebula model, incorporating realistic particle growth and inward drift for solids, we constrain how much the MVE-depletion signature in the inner region is diluted by the drift of undepleted material from the outer nebula. We also find that a significant irreversible loss of the common rock-forming elements (Fe, Mg, Si) can occur, leading to a new explanation of another long-standing puzzle of the apparent “enhancement” in the relative abundance of highly refractory elements in chondrites.
Searching for Broadband Pulsed Beacons from 1883 Stars Using Neural Networks
Authors: Gajjar Vishal , LeDuc Dominic , Chen Jiani , Siemion Andrew P. V. , Sheikh Sofia Z. , Brzycki Bryan , Croft Steve , Czech Daniel , DeBoer David , DeMarines Julia , Drew Jamie , Isaacson Howard , Lacki Brian C. , Lebofsky Matt , MacMahon David H. E. , Ng Cherry , de Pater Imke , Perez Karen I. , Price Danny C. , Suresh Akshay , Webb Claire , Worden S. Pete 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The search for extraterrestrial intelligence at radio frequencies has largely been focused on continuous-wave narrowband signals. We demonstrate that broadband pulsed beacons are energetically efficient compared to narrowband beacons over longer operational timescales. Here, we report the first extensive survey searching for such broadband pulsed beacons toward 1883 stars as a part of the Breakthrough Listen’s search for advanced intelligent life. We conducted 233 hr of deep observations across 4–8 GHz using the Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope and searched for three different classes of signals with artificial (or negative) dispersion. We report a detailed search—leveraging a convolutional neural network classifier on high-performance GPUs—deployed for the very first time in a large-scale search for signals from extraterrestrial intelligence. Due to the absence of any signal-of-interest from our survey, we place a constraint on the existence of broadband pulsed beacons in our solar neighborhood: ≲1 in 1000 stars have transmitter power densities ≳105 W Hz−1 repeating ≤500 s at these frequencies.
Long Dark Gaps in the Lyβ Forest at z < 6: Evidence of Ultra-late Reionization from XQR-30 Spectra
Authors: Zhu Yongda , Becker George D. , Bosman Sarah E. I. , Keating Laura C. , D’Odorico Valentina , Davies Rebecca L. , Christenson Holly M. , Bañados Eduardo , Bian Fuyan , Bischetti Manuela , Chen Huanqing , Davies Frederick B. , Eilers Anna-Christina , Fan Xiaohui , Gaikwad Prakash , Greig Bradley , Haehnelt Martin G. , Kulkarni Girish , Lai Samuel , Pallottini Andrea , Qin Yuxiang , Ryan-Weber Emma V. , Walter Fabian , Wang Feige , Yang Jinyi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We present a new investigation of the intergalactic medium near reionization using dark gaps in the Lyβ forest. With its lower optical depth, Lyβ offers a potentially more sensitive probe to any remaining neutral gas compared to the commonly used Lyα line. We identify dark gaps in the Lyβ forest using spectra of 42 QSOs at z
em > 5.5, including new data from the XQR-30 VLT Large Programme. Approximately 40% of these QSO spectra exhibit dark gaps longer than 10 h
−1 Mpc at z ≃ 5.8. By comparing the results to predictions from simulations, we find that the data are broadly consistent both with models where fluctuations in the Lyα forest are caused solely by ionizing ultraviolet background fluctuations and with models that include large neutral hydrogen patches at z < 6 due to a late end to reionization. Of particular interest is a very long (L = 28 h
−1 Mpc) and dark (τ
eff ≳ 6) gap persisting down to z ≃ 5.5 in the Lyβ forest of the z = 5.85 QSO PSO J025−11. This gap may support late reionization models with a volume-weighted average neutral hydrogen fraction of 〈x
H I〉 ≳ 5% by z = 5.6. Finally, we infer constraints on 〈x
H I〉 over 5.5 ≲ z ≲ 6.0 based on the observed Lyβ dark gap length distribution and a conservative relationship between gap length and neutral fraction derived from simulations. We find 〈x
H I〉 ≤ 0.05, 0.17, and 0.29 at z ≃ 5.55, 5.75, and 5.95, respectively. These constraints are consistent with models where reionization ends significantly later than z = 6.
Variability of the Sun’s Luminosity Places Constraints on the Thermal Equilibrium of the Convection Zone
Authors: Vieira L. E. A. , Kopp G. , Dudok de Wit T. , da Silva L. A. , Carlesso F. , Barbosa A. R. , Muralikrishna A. , Santos R. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Luminosity, which is the total amount of radiant energy emitted by an object, is one of the most critical quantities in astrophysics for characterizing stars. Equally important is the temporal evolution of a star’s luminosity because of its intimate connection with the stellar energy budget, large-scale convective motion, and heat storage in the stellar interior. The Sun’s luminosity and its variation have not been measured to date because current observations of the solar radiative output have been restricted to vantage points near the Earth. Here, we model the solar luminosity by extending a semiempirical total solar irradiance (TSI) model that uses solar-surface magnetism to reconstruct solar irradiance over the entire 4π solid angle around the Sun. This model was constrained by comparing its output to the irradiance in the Earth’s direction with the measured TSI. Comparing the solar luminosity to the TSI on timescales from days to solar cycles for cycles 23 and 24, we find poor agreement on short timescales (<solar rotation). This is not unexpected due to the Earth-centric viewing geometry and short-term irradiance dependence on surface features on the Earth-facing solar disk. On longer timescales, however, we find good agreement between the luminosity model and the TSI, which suggests that the extrapolation of luminosities to multicycle timescales based on TSI reconstructions may be possible. We show that the solar luminosity is not constant but varies in phase with the solar cycle. This variation has an amplitude of 0.14% from minimum to maximum for Solar Cycle 23. Considering the energetics in the solar convection zone, it is therefore obvious that a steady-state input from the radiative zone at the solar minimum level would lead to a gradual reduction in the energy content in the convection zone over multicentury timescales. We show that the luminosity at the base of the convection zone should be approximately 0.032% higher than that at the solar surface during solar minimum to maintain net energy equilibrium through the solar cycle. These different energy-input scenarios place constraints on the long-term evolution of the TSI and its impact on the solar forcing of climate variability. These results highlight the convection zone’s role as an energy reservoir on solar-cycle timescales and set constraints for dynamo models intending to understand the long-term evolution of the Sun and solar analogs.
Dynamical Friction in Globular Cluster-rich Ultra-diffuse Galaxies: The Case of NGC5846-UDG1
Authors: Bar Nitsan , Danieli Shany , Blum Kfir 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Ultra-diffuse galaxies that contain a large sample of globular clusters (GCs) offer an opportunity to test the predictions of galactic dynamics theory. NGC5846-UDG1 is an excellent example, with a high-quality sample of dozens of GC candidates. We show that the observed distribution of GCs in NGC5846-UDG1 is suggestive of mass segregation induced by gravitational dynamical friction. We present simple analytic calculations, backed by a series of numerical simulations, that naturally explain the observed present-day pattern of GC masses and radial positions. Subject to some assumptions on the GC population at birth, the analysis supports the possibility that NGC5846-UDG1 resides in a massive dark matter halo. This is an example for the use of GC-rich systems as dynamical (in addition to kinematical) tracers of dark matter.
No Evolution in the Half-mass Radius of Milky Way–type Galaxies over the Last 10 Gyr
Authors: Hasheminia Maryam , Mosleh Moein , Tacchella Sandro , Hosseini-ShahiSavandi S. Zahra , Park Minjung , Naidu Rohan P. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The Milky Way (MW) galaxy is in focus, thanks to new observational data. Here we shed new light on the MW’s past by studying the structural evolution of MW progenitors, which we identify from extragalactic surveys. Specifically, we constrain the stellar-mass growth history (SMGH) of the MW with two methods: (i) direct measurement of the MW’s star formation history, and (ii) assuming the MW is a typical star-forming galaxy that remains on the star-forming main sequence. We select MW progenitors based on these two SMGHs at z = 0.2–2.0 from the CANDELS/3D-HST data. We estimate the structural parameters (including half-mass radius r
50 and Sérsic index) from the stellar-mass profiles. Our key finding is that the progenitors of the MW galaxy grow self-similarly on spatially resolved scales with roughly a constant half-mass radius (∼2–3 kpc) over the past 10 Gyr, while their stellar masses increase by about 1 dex, implying little-to-no inside-out growth. We discover that the radius containing 20% of the stellar mass (r
20) decreases by 60% between redshifts of z = 2.0 and z = 0.7, while the central stellar-mass density (Σ1) increases by a factor of 1.3 dex over the same time and the Sérsic index changes as

n
∝

1
+
z

−
1.41
±
0.19

. This is consistent with an early (z > 1) formation of a thick disk, followed by the formation of a bar that led to an increase in the mass in the core. The formation and evolution of the thin disk had only little impact on the overall half-mass size. We also show that the constant-size evolution of the MW progenitors challenges semiempirical approaches and numerical simulations.
Identification of fungal taxa with pathogenic potential in soil samples from Perunika Glacier’s newly formed forefields - Livingston Island, Antarctica
Authors: Hodzhev Yordan , Tsafarova Borislava , Tolchkov Vladimir , Stoev Pavel , Bekchiev Rostislav , Langourov Mario , Toshkova Niya , Deleva Stanimira , Nedyalkov Nedko , Mikov Ognyan , Slavov Gancho , Nenova Rumyana , Dochev Docho , Tsviatkov Miroslav , Simov Nikolay , Panaiotov Stefan 
Published: June 2022

Antarctica peninsula periphery islands undergo one of the most dramatic ecological changes due to ongoing global warming. The front fields of the Antarctic glaciers are extreme environments and pioneering sites for ecological succession. Rising temperatures lead to deglaciation in the Antarctic habitats, and the new terrain is subjected to the process of soil formation and microbial colonization. In the present study, we investigated the formation of pathogenic fungal soil microbiomes as an effect of forefield deglaciation. Soil samples were taken from two different forefields, one formed several years ago and the other freshly uncovered. Both habitats were in the vicinity of the Perunika Glacier situated in the northeastern direction of Hurd Peninsula, Livingston Island, the second largest island from the South Shetland Archipelago, about 100 km north of the Antarctic Peninsula. Total DNA was extracted and targeted ITS amplicon sequencing was applied. The ITS marker sequences were then taxonomically identified. The abundance of the fungal taxa was calculated. Alpha and Beta diversity analyses to obtain fungal richness in samples were performed. Our results showed that soil habitat formation, initiated by deglaciation, was such that:

In the newly deglaciated forefield, there was almost no fungal DNA, which prevented further analysis;

At older drier fields metagenome content was much higher;

Further analysis showed that the most abundant genera were Pseudogymnoascus, Simplicillium, Hanseniaspora, Mycothermus, and Malassezia.

In the newly deglaciated forefield, there was almost no fungal DNA, which prevented further analysis;
At older drier fields metagenome content was much higher;
Further analysis showed that the most abundant genera were Pseudogymnoascus, Simplicillium, Hanseniaspora, Mycothermus, and Malassezia.
It is known that Pseudogymnoascus and Malassezia species have pathogenic keratinolytic activity. In conclusion, the phylum Ascomycota, which dominated the core microbiome showed much higher ecological diversity and abundance, i.e. potential for colonization of the glacier forefields. In contrast, the phylum Basidiomycota appeared to be less fit for these conditions.