bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The potential of emerging bio-based products to reduce environmental impacts
Authors: Zuiderveen Emma , Kuipers Koen , Caldeira Carla , Hanssen Steef , Hulst Mitchell van der , de Jonge Melinda , Vlysidis Anestis , Zelm Rosalie van , Sala Serenella , Huijbregts Mark 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The current debate on the sustainability of bio-based products questions the environmental benefits of replacing fossil- by bio-resources. Here, we systematically analyzed the environmental trade-offs of 86 emerging bio-based materials compared to their fossil counterparts. Although greenhouse gas (GHG) life cycle emissions for emerging bio-based products are on average 47% lower (38-54%; 95% confidence interval), we found a large variation between individual bio-based products with none of them reaching net-zero emissions. Grouped in product-categories, our findings indicate that biorefinery products may have the highest predicted GHG reduction of 73% (50, 85%) and biofibers the lowest (29%; -61, 30%). Only for eutrophication we found statistical evidence for an increase in footprint (359%; 109-906%), indicating that environmental trade-offs should not be overlooked. Our findings imply that the environmental sustainability of bio-based products should be evaluated on an individual product basis and that more radical product developments are required to reach climate-neutral targets.
Real-world observational experience with direct-acting antivirals for hepatitis C virus: a multicenter retrospective cohort study of treatment outcomes, mortality, and loss-to-follow up in Eritrea
Authors: Ghebrekidan Ghirmay , Berhe Michael , Achila Oliver Okoth , Tekle Samuel , Frezgi Rahel , Berhane Araia , Elfatih Mohammed 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Reliable real-world data on direct acting anti-retroviral (DAA) uptake and treatment outcomes are lacking for patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This study provides data on HCV DAA-based treatment outcomes, mortality, loss-to-follow up, and associated factors among patients in Eritrea.
Methodology:
A multicenter retrospective observational cohort study was conducted in two tertiary hospitals in Asmara, Eritrea. A structured checklist was used to collect data from patients’ cards. Descriptive and inferential statistics used included means, medians, chi-squire, Kaplan–Meier estimates, and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models.
Results
Out of 238 patients enrolled in the study, 227 were initiated on treatment. 125 patients had viral load at 12 weeks EOT whereas 102 patients had no viral load at 12 weeks EOT. Out of these patients with HCV RNA data post EOT, 116 (92.8%) had SVR12. The prevalence of death and lost-to-follow up (LTFU) were (7.5%, 95% CI: 1.7–4.1) and 67 (28.1%, 95% CI: 22.3–33.9) and 1.1 (95%CI: 0.8–1.5) per 10,000 person days, respectively. Independent predictors of LTFU included the enrollment year (2020: aHR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1-4.7; p-value = 0.04); Hospital (Hospital B: aHR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1-4.7; p-value = 0.03) and the FIB-4 score (FIB-Score < 1.45: aHR = 3.7, 95% CI: 1.2–11.5; p-value = 0.02).
Conclusion
The SVR rates achieved in this cohort were high. However, high mortality, late presentation and suboptimal population screening/case finding were uncovered. These challenges can be addressed by test-and-treat programs that simultaneously prioritize programmatic screening, decentralization of care, and better patient tracking in the HCV care cascade.
Development of a smart pH-responsive nano-polymer drug, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol conjugate against the intestinal pathogen, Vibrio cholerae
Authors: Sarveswari Hema Bhagavathi , Gupta Krishna Kant , Devi Ramya , solomon adline princy 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
V. cholerae causes cholera, an acute diarrhoeal disease. The virulence in V. cholerae is regulated by the quorum-sensing mechanism and response regulator LuxO positively regulates the expression of significant virulence determinants adhesion, biofilm formation, and cholera toxin production. Previous in-silico studies revealed that 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol could bind to the ATP binding site of LuxO and the complex was compact and stable in pHs like intestinal pHs. Here, we have explored the polymeric nano-formulation of 2-methoxy 4-vinyl phenol using cellulose acetate phthalate for controlled drug release and their effectiveness in attenuating the expression of V. cholerae virulence. Physio-chemical characterization of the formulation showed particles with a mean size of 91.8 + 14 nm diameter and surface charge of -14.7+0.07 mV. The uniform round polymeric nanoparticles formed displayed a 51% burst release of the drug at pH 7 within 3 hours, followed by a controlled linear release in alkaline pH. The polymeric nanoparticles demonstrated a 10-fold increase in intestinal membrane permeability ex-vivo. At lower concentrations, the 2-methoxy 4-vinyl phenol polymeric nanoparticles were non-cytotoxic to Int 407 cells. In-vitro analysis at pH 6, pH 7, pH 8, and pH 9 revealed that cellulose acetate phthalate - 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol nanoparticles were non-bactericidal at concentrations up to 500 μg/mL. At 31.25 μg/mL the nanoparticles inhibited about 50% of biofilm formation of V. cholerae MTCC 3905 and HYR14 strains. At this concentration, the adherence of V. cholerae MTCC 3905 and HYR14 to Int 407 cells were also significantly affected. Gene expression analysis revealed that the expression of tcp, qrr, and ct at pH 6, 7, 8, and 9 has reduced. The CAP-2M4VP nanoparticles have demonstrated the potential to effectively reduce the virulence of V. cholerae in-vitro.
Are Flexible Metaphyseal Femoral Cones Stable and Effective? A Biomechanical Study on Hinged Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Innocenti Bernardo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Nowadays, cones currently available in the market are rigid and, unless they are custom-specific designed, are unable to correctly adapt to the shape of the patient’s bone. Therefore, flexible metaphyseal cones have been recently introduced to reduce potential bone trauma during implantation. Even if a preliminary clinical study on the use of such devices has shown promising results, no biomechanical study evaluates and quantifies their mechanical efficacy and safety.
Methods
Two commercial versions of flexible cones were analyzed in this study using finite element analysis, based on a previously validated model. Each cone geometry was modeled both as flexible and as rigid and implanted following surgical guidelines. Three activities were simulated in this study: surgical impaction, walking, and chair rise; the output was compared among configurations.
Results
During impaction, results show that the stress has been considerably reduced in flexible cones in comparison with rigid ones; the stress resulted also better distributed and more homogenous all over the cortical bone, with lower bone peaks. Considering the two different daily activities, the analysis didn’t show any remarkable differences between flexible and rigid cones both in terms of bone stress and implant micromotions.
Conclusions
Our findings demonstrate that metaphyseal flexible metal cones allow macro-deformation during impaction thanks to their flexibility, and therefore they are safer in comparison with rigid cones. However, for the daily tasks investigated results showed no major differences between rigid and flexible cones in terms of bone stress, implant stability, and micromotions. Therefore, the mechanical performances of the flexible cone can be considered similar to the rigid cone.
Intra-muscular botulinum toxin A in chronic athletic pubalgia: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Orhan Julien , Garofoli Romain , Alperin Émilie , Ladauge Fabien , Zauderer Jennifer , Paris Guillaume , Rören Alexandra , Drapé Jean-Luc , Segretin François , Rannou François , Nguyen Christelle , Lefevre-Colau Marie-Martine 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Chronic athletic pubalgia is a frequent sport condition in which the effectiveness of medical treatment has not been proven. Intra-muscular injection of botulinum toxin A may have positive effects on pain in some chronic tendinitis. We aimed to describe the short-term evolution of pain, activity limitations and quality of life, after an injection of the adductor longus with botulinum toxin A, in individuals with chronic athletic pubalgia, for whom medical and/or surgical treatments have failed.Method: We conducted a retrospective observational single-centered study. We included consecutive individuals with chronic athletic pubalgia for whom medical and/or surgical treatments have failed and who were treated with an intra-muscular injection of botulinum toxin A injection (100 International Unit (IU) of botulinum toxin A in the adductor longus) under ultrasound guidance. Participants were assessed 50 days after injection for pain using a numerical rating scale (NRS) (0, no pain, and 100, maximal pain) and for activity limitations and quality of life using the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) (0, worse outcome, and 100, most favorable outcome). Participants were also asked to self-report adverse events.Results: We included 20 participants. Mean age was 34.3 (11.7) years and mean symptom duration was 48.9 (61.6) months. Mean pain decreased from 55.3 (SD [22.4] before injection to 38.3 [21.7], 50 days after injection (p=0.027). Mean HAGOS total score increased from 47.0 (12.1) to 58.6 (10.7). No adverse events were self-reported in participants included in analyses. Serious adverse events were reported in 3 individuals who were not included in analyses because of missing data.Conclusion: We observed a numerical decrease in pain intensity in individuals with chronic athletic pubalgia 50 days after intra-muscular botulinum toxin A injection in the adductor longus. Trial registration number: Clinical Trial: NCT05430893 (24/06/2022)
Synthesis and cytotoxic evaluation of F16 derivatives pentacyclic triterpenoid acids possessing a polyhydroxylated ring A
Authors: Spivak Anna , Nedopekina Darya , Davletshin Eldar , Shuvalov Oleg , Kirdeeva Yuilia , Belsky Yuri 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Pentacyclic triterpenoid acids bearing a polyhydroxylated A ring have been found in many plants and are of interest for their biological properties, including antitumor activity. The present article reports on the design and synthesis of a series of conjugates of a cationic mitochondria-targeted compound, 4-(1-H-indol-3-ylvinyl)-N-methylpyridinium iodide (F16), with maslinic, corosolic, and asiatic acids and with a tri-hydroxylated analogue of betulinic acid. In the new hybrid compounds, the triterpenoids bearing a polyhydroxylated ring A were linked to the cationic fragment F16 in the C-28 side chain through a butyl spacer. The results of in vitro bioscreening in two human tumor cell lines (H1299 and A549) and noncancer fibroblasts (MEFs) revealed that all the studied conjugates demonstrated a significantly stronger antitumor effect than the original natural triterpenoid acids. In particular, the antitumor activity of the corosolic acid conjugate against A549 and H1299 cell lines was 36 and 24 times higher than the activity of ursolic acid. Conjugates of oxygenated triterpenoids containing hydroxyl or acetyl groups at the C-2 atom or C-1/C-2 atoms of the triterpene core exhibited a slight decrease in antitumor activity compared to the corresponding F16-derivatives of betulinic, ursolic and oleanolic acids. Among the studied compounds, acceptable selectivity in relation to tumor and non-malignant cell lines was shown only by the F16 derivatives of the maslinic and asiatic acids, since they were not the active agents against fibroblasts MEFs within the assay.
Identifying QTLs involved in hybrid performance and heterotic group complementarity: new GWAS models applied to factorial and admixed diallel maize hybrid panels
Authors: Beugnot Aurelien , Mary-huard Tristan , Bauland Cyril , Combes Valerie , Madur Delphine , Lagardère Bernard , Palaffre Carine , Charcosset Alain , Moreau Laurence , Fievet Julie B. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Maize genetic diversity is structured into genetic groups selected and improved relative to each other. This process increases group complementarity and differentiation over time and ensures that the hybrids produced from intergroup crosses exhibit high performances and heterosis. To identify loci involved in hybrid performance and heterotic group complementarity, we introduced an original association study model that disentangles allelic effects from the heterotic group origin of the alleles and compared it with a conventional additive/dominance model. This new model was applied on a factorial between Dent and Flint lines and a diallel between Dent-Flint admixed lines with two different layers of analysis: within each environment and in a multiple environment context. We identified several strong additive QTLs for all traits, including some well-known additive QTLs for flowering time (in the region of Vgt1/2 on chromosome 8). Yield trait displayed significant non-additive effects in the diallel panel. Most of the detected Yield QTLs exhibit overdominance or, more likely, pseudo-overdominance effects. Apparent overdominance at these QTLs explains part of the genetic group complementarity. The comparison between environments revealed a higher stability of additive QTL effects than non-additive ones. Several QTLs showed variations of effects according to the local heterotic group origin. We also revealed large chromosomic regions that display genetic group origin effects. Altogether, our results illustrated the interest of admixed panels and our GWAS model to reveal new QTLs involved in group differentiation that were inaccessible in classical factorial hybrid panels with traditional modelling.
Is the African Great Green Wall greening? Some positive signs from a 20-years’ time-series of satellite observations
Authors: Giuliani Gregory , Lucas Descombes , Sy Bocar 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Land degradation has been recognized as a critical issue requiring urgent actions to cope with climate change and biodiversity loss impacts. The Sahel is probably among the most severely affected region in the World by land degradation, impacting many ecosystem services that are critical for wellbeing and livelihoods. In response to this issue, 11 countries have decided, in 2007, to create the Great Green Wall (GGW) initiative, an ambitious land-restoration program to mitigate the effects of land degradation as well as reducing poverty and improving population livelihoods. Despite initial positive results, the project has difficulties to reach its key objectives. Among the primary obstacles, effective and efficient monitoring, reporting, and verification mechanism has been identified. Here, we used a 20-year satellite derived annual time-series of vegetation biomass estimates to investigate the evolution of the entire GGW. Findings suggest that vegetation biomass has increased of about 22% in the region between 2007 and 2020; almost all countries have significative positive trends in above-ground biomass with noticeable differences between countries; however, precipitation patterns have not yet significantly changed. Results indicate that using satellite EO data can be a valid complement to provide consistent, reliable, timely and continuous information on the GGW.
Lateral dorsal infundibular approach: an alternative option for the safe completion of difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Song Juxian. , Chen Jian. , Zheng Shuguo. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) due to acute cholecystitis (AC) increases the risk of bile duct injuries and postoperative complications. Here, we added the lateral dorsal infundibular approach as an initial surgical maneuver during LC to improve outcomes.
Methods
We describe the detailed technical procedure of the lateral dorsal infundibular approach in patients with AC resulting in difficult LC. This technique was developed after nearly 10 years of experience in laparoscopic surgery, and has been routinely used in the past 5 years. We also retrospectively analyzed the perioperative data for 469 patients with difficult LC.
Results
A total of 469 patients with AC received difficult LC between July 2016 and June 2021, of which 438 (93.4%) performed a lateral dorsal infundibular approach. Sixty-four patients (13.6%) had variations of the hepatic bile duct and cystic duct according to preoperative magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, 438 patients (93.4%) received elective surgery, 31 (6.6%) received emergency surgery, and 10 (2.1%) underwent conversion. There was no postoperative bile leaks and no bile duct injuries in the described technique.
Conclusion
During difficult LC, the critical view of safety can be gradually achieved by changing the surgical approach to achieve cholecystectomy. The improved postoperative outcomes highlights the benefits of minimally invasive surgery.
A case of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis developed after dupilumab administration in patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis and asthma
Authors: Suzaki Isao , Tanaka Akihiko , Yanai Ryo , Maruyama Yuki , Kamimura Sawa , Hirano Kojiro , Kobayashi Hitome 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background:Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a form of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) associated vasculitis characterized by eosinophil-rich granulomatous inflammation and small-to-medium vessel vasculitis associated with asthma, rhinosinusitis and eosinophilia. EGPA is often difficult to distinguish from severe asthma and eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis in cases when there are no findings that clearly suggest vasculitis. Dupilumab, an anti-IL-4Rα monoclonal antibody, is expected to be effective in eosinophilic airway inflammatory diseases, such as severe asthma and refractory chronic rhinosinusitis. Although transient eosinophilia and eosinophilic pneumoniae have been reported in patients with severe asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps after the administration of dupilumab, few studies have examined the development of EGPA.Case presentation:We report a case of 61-year-old woman treated with dupilumab for refractory eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis and eosinophilic otitis media complicated by severe asthma. Although she had a previous history of eosinophilic pneumoniae and myeloperoxidase (MPO) ANCA positivity, there were no apparent findings of vasculitis suggesting EGPA before the initiation of dupilumab therapy. After the second administration of dupilumab, several adverse events developed, including worsening of ECRS, EOM and asthma, and neuropathy. Blood test showed an increase in the levels of eosinophils and re-elevation of MPO-ANCA levels after the administration of dupilumab therapy. Therefore, dupilumab therapy was discontinued owing to the development of EGPA, and prednisolone and azathioprine administration was initiated for a remission induction therapy. Conclusion:To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report that suggests that dupilumab may directly trigger the manifestation of vasculitis in patients who were previously MPO-ANCA-positive. Although the precise mechanism of how dupilumab could trigger the development of EGPA requires further elucidation, to measure MPO-ANCA in patients with multiple eosinophilic disorders prior to the initiation of dupilumab might be helpful when considering the possibility of a latent EGPA. When administering dupilumab to patients with previous history of MPO-ANCA positivity, clinicians must carefully monitor and collaborate with other specialists in the pertinent fields of study for appropriate usage.
WITHDRAWN: Strengthening our understanding of enablers and barriers for breastfeeding to the WHO recommended guidelines of two years and beyond – a global sample using a cross-sectional design
Authors: Jackson Jessica , Hallam Jenny , Safari Reza 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
There are major global disparities for women breastfeeding to the WHO recommendations of two years and beyond for optimal health benefits. This could be explained by multifaceted enablers and barriers within diverse cultural and social spheres. However, the majority of research examining continued breastfeeding is conducted with women breastfeeding under one year. Research which has explored the experiences of women breastfeeding longer is limited to a small homogenous sample. Therefore, this study aimed to strengthen the knowledge, specifically for women breastfeeding beyond one year, of enablers and barriers for continuing to breastfeed to the recommended age of two years and beyond.
Methods
A cross-sectional online questionnaire recruited 19,006 participants using social media. The statistical analysis and null hypothesis testing were conducted using non-parametric statistics and a multivariate logistical regression to explore relationships between the independent variables (enablers and barriers) against the dependent variable (duration of breastfeeding).
Results
The results indicated that mothers with multiple children appeared to be breastfeeding for a longer duration. Where the participants resided globally did not make a significant difference, participants belonging to different ethnic groups did. Those participants who identified as Asian, First Nation, Indigenous or Pacific Islander or were from the religious group Hindu were more likely to breastfeed to the recommend age. Participants who identified as Black (African or Caribbean decent) or were from the religious group Jewish were less likely to breastfeed to the recommend age. Age, level of education, geographic location, initial breastfeeding experience, multiple births, partner, family, social support, healthcare support and experience of breastfeeding in public were not significant when all other variables were considered. Those tandem feeding, Muslim ethnic group and views on specific health support where retained as covariates and confounders due to sensitivity to the other variables.
Conclusions
This study is the first to look at variables across different demographic groups and geographical location specifically of those breastfeeding beyond one year. It highlights that different ethnic and religious groups continue to have different outcomes for breastfeeding duration. These differences cannot be ignored when planning in national policy and intervention design.