bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Intraocular Pressure Measurements With Goldmann Applanation Tonometry, Tonopen XL, and Pascal Dynamic Contour Tonometry in Patients With Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty
Authors: Yildiz Izlem , Altan Cigdem , Çakmak Semih , Genc Selim , Yildirim Yusuf , Agca Alper 
Published: August 2022

Précis:
IOP measured with Tonopen and DCT was higher than GAT in eyes that underwent DMEK.

Purpose/Aim of the study:
To compare intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements measured based on Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT), Tonopen XL, and Pascal Dynamic Contour Tonometry (DCT) in patients who had undergone descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) and to appraise the influence of central corneal thickness (CCT) on IOP measurements.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty-four eyes (from 34 patients) who underwent DMEK at least 1 month before the study were included. We performed Tonopen XL, GAT, and DCT IOP measurements at 10 min intervals. Bland-Altman plots were used to assess agreement between GAT, Tonopen XL, and DCT. Spearman rank correlation was used to calculate the deviation from GAT readings by each device and correlate the readings with the CCT variable.

Results:
The mean IOP values with GAT, Tonopen XL, and DCT were 14.9±5.8, 16.2±5.5, and 19.2±5.0, respectively. Statistically significant differences between GAT and Tonopen XL and between GAT and DCT were noted (r=0.942 [0.885–0.971]; P=0.0001 and r=0.942 [0.885–0.971]; P=0.0001, respectively). DCT tended to return a higher IOP relative to GAT and Tonopen XL. CCT and IOP readings obtained by GAT, Tonopen XL, and DCT did not show a statistically significant correlation with each other.

Conclusion:
IOP as measured with both Tonopen and DCT was found to be higher than GAT in eyes that underwent DMEK surgery although the techniques showed a good correlation. After DMEK surgery, all 3 measurement techniques can be practical in routine postoperative examinations, however it is recommended to measure IOP with the same device during patient follow-up.
Short Nose Lengthening in Primary and Revision Rhinoplasty in Asians
Authors: Li Jie , Liang Xuebing , Yu Lu , Yang Xiaoning , Li Xin , Wang Chunhu , Ma Jiguang , Wang Keming 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Surgical techniques and graft materials are important factors for short nose lengthening in both primary and revision rhinoplasty in Asian patients. Other subunit of the nose need to be improved as well to achieve aesthetic perfection.

Materials and Methods:
A cohort of 98 patients who underwent primary and revision rhinoplasty for moderate to severe short nose deformity from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2020, were enrolled. Nasal elongation was achieved via an open rhinoplasty approach using autologous costal cartilage exclusively for grafting. Aesthetic outcomes were evaluated by anthropometric measurement and satisfaction assessment from patients and physicians.

Results:
The mean duration of follow-up was 10.6 months. In both primary and revision cases, nasal length relative to preoperative measurements increased significantly, while nasal tip projection did not differ significantly. Columellar-facial angle and nasofrontal angle decreased significantly in both groups. Both physicians and patients reported improvement in aesthetic outcomes.

Conclusions:
Aesthetic satisfaction was reported from both patients and physicians. Autologous costal cartilage is an ideal graft material that offers strong structural support. Caudal septal extension graft using autologous costal cartilage sandwiched by extended spreader grafts achieve satisfactory lengthening of the central compartment and also increase nasal tip projection and rotation.
Targeting of the Mon1-Ccz1 Rab guanine nucleotide exchange factor to distinct organelles by a synergistic protein and lipid code
Authors: Herrmann Eric , Langemeyer Lars , Auffarth Kathrin , Ungermann Christian , Kümmel Daniel 
Published: August 2022

AbstractActivation of the small GTPase Rab7 by its cognate guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) Mon1-Ccz1 (MC1) is a key step in the maturation of endosomes and autophagosomes. This process is tightly regulated and subject to precise spatiotemporal control of MC1 localization. We here identify and characterize an amphipathic helix in Ccz1, which is required for the function of Mon-Ccz1 in autophagy, but not endosomal maturation. Furthermore, our data show that the interaction of the Ccz1 amphipathic helix with lipid packing defects, binding of Mon1 basic patches to positively charged lipids and association of MC1 with recruiter proteins collectively govern membrane recruitment of the complex in a synergistic and redundant manner. The data demonstrate that specific protein and lipid cues convey the differential targeting of MC1 to endosomes and autophagosomes. We reveal the molecular mechanism how MC1 is adapted to recognizes distinct target compartments by exploiting the unique biophysical properties of organelle membranes and thus provide a model how the complex is regulated and activated independently in different functional contexts.
Microevolutionary system identification and climate response predictions
Authors: Ergon Rolf 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMicroevolutionary system identification was introduced in Ergon (2022), with the specific purpose to show that predictions of genetic adaptations to climate change require that environmental reference values are properly defined. The theoretical development was then limited to single-input single-output (SISO) systems, and the simulations used a toy example with spring temperature as input and mean breeding date as output. Generations were assumed to be non-overlapping. Here, the theory is extended to cover multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, while the simulation example uses two environmental inputs (spring temperature and rainfall) and two adaptive phenotypic outputs (breeding date and breeding habitat). These extended simulations reveal difficulties involved in predictions of genetic adaptations for complex systems based on short data, where the reference environment values are not included.
Technical reporting in digital forensics
Authors: Horsman Graeme 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOne of the primary roles of a practitioner in the field of digital forensics (DF) is to conduct the examination of any lawfully seized digital device content and report upon any findings that may support an inquiry being conducted. While there are many intricacies to this task, in some cases, an inquiry will commence with a practitioner carrying out the necessary examination work required to report any findings at a “technical level.” Such technical reports are often used for intelligence gathering purposes in an attempt to establish the potential evidential value of a device or data set and are often a precursor to, and catalyst for, further and often more extensive forensic work being commissioned. Therefore, the ability to report at a technical level should be considered a fundamental skill required of all practitioners in this discipline and any attempts to provide guidance and support for conducting this task effectively should be encouraged. This work explores the role of technical reporting, where a series of reporting examples are presented that explore the intricacies involved with conveying digital forensic findings at a technical level. Procedural and linguistic challenges are investigated and evaluated in order to acknowledge the pitfalls that practitioners may encounter and to identify potential technical reporting best practices.
Tectonics of the Solomon Sea Basin from Vertical Gravity Gradient and Seismic Data
Authors: GONG Wei , XING Junhui , MENG Qingwei , XING Lei , XU Chong , ZHANG Hao 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe Solomon Sea Basin is a Cenozoic back‐arc spreading basin within the convergence system of the Pacific and Indo‐Australian plates. Against the background of subduction polarity reversal, the current Solomon Sea Basin gradually formed a rhombic morphology with the subduction of the basin along the New Britain Trench and the Trobriand Trough. By analyzing the vertical gravity gradient, natural earthquake and seismic reflection data, this study determines the structural characteristics of the Solomon Sea Basin. It was found that the tectonics of the basin are characterized by the original expansion structure within the central part in addition to the structure induced by the latest subduction along the basin margin. The original spreading structure of the basin presented an east–west linear graben and horst controlled by normal faults during the basin expansion period. As a result of the subduction and slab‐pull of the Solomon Sea Basin, extensional structure belts parallel to the New Britain Trench formed along the basin margin.
6‐nitrodopamine is a major endogenous modulator of human vas deferens contractility
Authors: Britto‐Júnior José , da Silva‐Filho Walter Pinto , Amorim Amanda Consulin , Campos Rafael , Moraes Manoel Odorico , Moraes Maria Elisabete A. , Fregonesi Adriano , Monica Fabiola Z. , Antunes Edson , De Nucci Gilberto 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundRat isolated vas deferens releases 6‐nitrodopamine (6‐ND), and the spasmogenic activity of this novel catecholamine is significantly reduced by tricyclic compounds such as amitriptyline, desipramine, and carbamazepine and by antagonists of the α1‐adrenergic receptors such as doxazosin, tamsulosin, and prazosin.ObjectivesTo investigate the liberation of 6‐ND by human epididymal vas deferens (HEVDs) and its pharmacological actions.MethodsThe in vitro liberation of 6‐ND, dopamine, noradrenaline, and adrenaline from human vas deferens was evaluated by LC‐MS/MS. The contractile effect of the catecholamines in HEVDs was investigated in vitro. The action of tricyclic antidepressants was evaluated on the spasmogenic activity ellicited by the catecholamines and by the electric‐field stimulation (EFS). The tissue was also incubated with the inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) synthase L‐NAME and the release of catecholamines and the contractile response to EFS were assessed.Results6‐ND is the major catecholamine released from human vas deferens and its synthesis/release is inhibited by NO inhibition. The spasmogenic activity elicited by EFS in the human vas deferens was blocked by tricyclic antidepressants only at concentrations that selectively antagonize 6‐ND induced contractions of the human vas deferens, without affecting the spasmogenic activity induced by dopamine, noradrenaline, and adrenaline in this tissue. Incubation of the vas deferens with L‐NAME reduced both the 6‐ND release and the contractions induced by EFS.Discussion and conclusion6‐ND should be considered a major endogenous modulator of human vas deferens contractility and possibly plays a pivotal role in the emission process of ejaculation. It offers a novel and shared mechanism of action for tricyclic antidepressants and α1‐adrenergic receptor antagonists.
Wor(l)ds struggle against wor(l)ds: Public discourse around children's removal from families in Lithuania
Authors: Šumskienė Eglė , Charenkova Jūratė , Gvaldaitė Lijana , Seniutis Miroslavas , Gevorgianienė Violeta , Petružytė Donata , Žalimienė Laimutė 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis article aims to identify the different truths perceived and experienced by the four main parties involved in the process of removing children from families. Furthermore, the article examines the potential implications of these individuals' “versions of the truth” on the public discourse.BackgroundThis article offers a unique lens for analyzing situations when children are removed from their homes by employing the principles of the sociology of knowledge and the concept of the Rashomon effect. This combination reveals the different truths, reasons, and motives of all parties involved in situations of removing children from their homes in Lithuania.MethodSeventy‐one semistructured interviews were undertaken with the parties who have direct experience of the process of child removal from families: children, parents, child protection workers (CPWs), and the police.ResultsThe interviews with parents reveal the unexpectedness and unfairness of the removal situation, and lack of institutional support in their efforts to recover the child. Similarly, for children the removal experience was traumatizing, resulting in losing trust in their parents and CPWs. However, in some cases they were glad to be taken away from the neglecting and violent environment. Child protection workers experience strong emotions and face ethical dilemmas during the removal. Nevertheless, they perceive themselves as life‐saving professionals who meet children's best interests.ConclusionsThe research revealed that all four involved parties have their own diverse and competing truths. These truths do not have equal chances to be told, listened to, or to shape the general discourse. They are limited by privacy, professionalism requirements, and feelings of shame and guilt.ImplicationsThe research results have implications for further research, practice, and policy. They offer a methodological approach, combining competing truths, which can guide the daily work of child protection workers. On the policy level, the results of this study might be helpful for professionals in other countries developing or reforming their child protection systems.The ability to openly express one's truth can be seen as a crucial factor, serve as a means of parents' attempts to publicly prove one's suitability to care for children, or CPWs' professionalism in making appropriate decisions.
Change in long‐term care service usage in Japan following the COVID‐19 pandemic: A survey using a nationwide statistical summary in 2018–2021
Authors: Sato Kenichiro , Niimi Yoshiki , Iwatsubo Takeshi , Ishii Shinya 
Published: August 2022

AimSocial restrictions due to the coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic forced many long‐term care (LTC) service‐users to refrain from using services. We aimed to evaluate the degree of change in the use of LTC services.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed data from the publicly distributed nationwide statistics summarizing the monthly number of public LTC insurance users in Japan between April 2018 and March 2021. The degree of decline was quantified as a ratio, where the ratio of a certain month to the reference month was divided by the ratio in the previous year.ResultsThe use of LTC services started to decline in March 2020 and reached its largest decline in May 2020. Thereafter, it recovered but insufficiently, even as of late 2020. The degree of decline was particularly large for services provided in facilities for community‐dwelling elderly individuals [Ratio to the previous year = 0.717 (95% CI: 0.645–0.796) in short‐stay services, and Ratio = 0.876 (95% CI: 0.802–0.957) in outpatient services], but was non‐significant in other types of services, including those provided for elderly individuals living in nursing homes.ConclusionsCommunity‐dwelling elderly individuals who had used outpatient or short‐stay services were especially affected by the COVID‐19 pandemic in 2020. This underlines the need for further investigation of the medium‐ or long‐term influence of the decline in service usage on the mental and physical health of the LTC service‐users and their caregivers. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; 22: 803–809.
Robot‐assisted laparoscopic versus open partial nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma in patients with severe chronic kidney disease
Authors: Yoshida Kazuhiko , Kobari Yuki , Iizuka Junpei , Kondo Tsunenori , Ishida Hideki , Tanabe Kazunari , Takagi Toshio 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo compare surgical and functional outcomes between robot‐assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy and open partial nephrectomy in patients with renal cell carcinoma with stage 4 chronic kidney disease.MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of 60 patients with stage 4 chronic kidney disease (estimated glomerular filtration rate 15–30 ml/min/1.73 m2) who underwent partial nephrectomy for T1 renal cell carcinoma between April 2004 and April 2020. We compared perioperative outcomes according to the surgical approach. Multivariable analysis was performed to identify predictive factors for end‐stage renal disease.ResultsRobot‐assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy and open partial nephrectomy were performed in 31 and 29 patients, respectively. The median age was 68 years and 17% of all patients were women. Patient and tumor characteristics did not differ between groups. The operative time (155.2 vs. 221.0 min, p < 0.0001) and the postoperative length of hospital stay (5.2 vs. 10.6 days, p = 0.0083) were significantly shorter, and the estimated blood loss was lower (53.4 vs. 363.2 ml, p = 0.0003) in the robot‐assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy group than in the open partial nephrectomy group. Preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate was the only significant predictor of end‐stage renal disease after partial nephrectomy on multivariable analysis.ConclusionsBoth procedures preserved renal function in this patient cohort, delaying the requirement for postoperative dialysis. Furthermore, robot‐assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy was associated with shorter operative time and postoperative length of hospital stay, as well as lesser estimated blood loss than open partial nephrectomy.
Participatory Stakeholder Engagement in Design Studio Education
Authors: Dhadphale Tejas , Wicks Brad 
Published: August 2022

AbstractResearchers have highlighted the need for ongoing design pedagogy reform in order to reflect worldwide transformations, changing socio‐cultural contexts and the expanding scope of design practice. New pedagogical models have emerged in architectural education that incorporate stakeholder perspectives and encourage community engagement. Participatory Design (PD) methodology has become a promising pedagogical approach to engage diverse stakeholders and communities in the design process. The twofold goal of this article is to describe and categorise student learning experiences in an architecture studio and to delineate the benefits of applying PD methodology to architecture studio pedagogy. Students from a graduate level integrated architectural studio participated in the study and led a series of three participatory co‐creation activities with diverse stakeholders who were planned for the front, middle and backend of the design process. Observations, questionnaires and interviews were used to describe and categorise student learning experiences as well as determine the benefits of integrating PD methodology into a design studio. The study results demonstrate that participatory activities positively impact student learning experiences as well as greatly enhance student empathy for stakeholders, thus integrating the social and technical aspects of their experience and demonstrating the importance of stakeholder engagement in collective and creative experimentation.
Cardiac sympathetic afferent ablation to prevent ventricular arrhythmia complicating acute myocardial infarction by inhibiting activated astrocytes
Authors: Chen Jugang , Chu Yingjie , Gao Meng , Dai Xin , Li Bin , Qu Xiufen , Yin Dechun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEnhanced cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex (CSAR) contributes to ventricular arrhythmia (VA) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, central regulation mechanisms remain unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate whether local cardiac sympathetic afferent ablation (LCSAA) could reduce VA by inhibiting activated astrocytes in the hypothalamus paraventricular (PVN) in an AMI rat model. The rats were randomly divided into AMI, AMI + BD (baroreceptor denervation), AMI + LCSAA and AMI + BD+ LCSAA groups. Before the generation of AMI, BD and (or) LCSAA were performed. At 24 h after AMI, the incidence and duration of VA in AMI + LCSAA group and AMI + BD + LCSAA group were significantly reduced than AMI group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, LCSAA significantly reduced GFAP (a marker for activated astrocytes) positive cells and their projections as well as the level of TNF‐α and IL‐6 in the PVN of AMI + LCSAA group and AMI + BD+ LCSAA group, along with the decrease of neuronal activation in PVN and sympathetic nerve activity (P < 0.05). but BD had no obvious difference between AMI + LCSAA and AMI + BD + LCSAA group (P > 0.05). Therefore, LCSAA could decrease sympathoexcitation and VA occurrence in AMI rats by inhibiting astrocyte and neuronal activation in the PVN. Our study demonstrates that activated astrocytes may play an important role on CSAR in AMI.
Engage, understand, listen and act: evaluation of Community Panels to privilege First Nations voices in pandemic planning and response in Australia
Authors: Crooks Kristy , Taylor Kylie , Law Charlee , Campbell Sandra , Miller Adrian 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionFirst Nations Peoples of Australia have not been included in the development nor prioritised in pre-2009 pandemic plans despite being a priority population in Australian health policy. Marginalised groups experience amplified barriers and systemic disadvantage in emergencies, however, their voices have not been heard in past pandemic responses. Through effective engagement with disadvantaged and oppressed groups, health authorities can gain a deeper understanding of how to design and implement pandemic control strategies. There have been limited studies with First Nations Peoples that has focused on pandemic planning and response strategies. Deliberative inclusive approaches such as citizens juries have been a way to uncover public perceptions.MethodsQualitative thematic research methods were used to conduct the study. We convened five First Nations Community Panels in three locations in Australia between 2019 and 2020. We used an Indigenist research approach, community-based Participatory Action Research framework and ‘yarning’ to understand whether Community Panels were an acceptable and appropriate way of engaging First Nations Peoples. Forty First Nations participants were purposively recruited through local and cultural networks. Panels heard evidence supporting various pandemic response strategies, and cross-questioned public health experts.ResultsAll 40 participants from the 5 panels verbally indicated strong support of the Community Panels approach as an effective way of engaging First Nations Peoples in making decisions about pandemic planning and response strategies. The main theme of ‘respect’ centred on the overarching principle that First Nations Peoples are important in the context of continuation of culture and ongoing political resistance.ConclusionFirst Nations Community Panels are a way of enabling active participation of First Nations peoples, increasing knowledge and understanding, and a way for government and policymakers to respectfully listen to First Nations opinions and values.