bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of left bundle branch pacing on mechanical synchrony and myocardial work in bradycardia patients
Authors: Wang PeiWei , Yang Li , Zheng ShaoXin , Mai JingTing , Wei YuLing , Liu YingMei , Deng BingQing , Lv HanLu , Chen YangXin , Qiu Qiong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) has emerged as a novel physiological pacing method to produce narrower QRS duration, but whether it could restore mechanical synchronization and improve myocardial work still lacks sufficient evidence. Therefore, the goal of this study was to evaluate mechanical synchrony and myocardial work in LBBP. We collected 32 patients with LBBP due to symptomatic bradycardia in Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from December 2018 to July 2020. Another 29 matched patients with right ventricular pacing (RVP) during the same period were also included as a control group. In the LBBP group, cardiac electro-mechanical synchrony and myocardial work were measured at baseline and 7 days after implantation, and compared with the RVP group. In the LBBP group, paced QRS duration, peak strain dispersion (PSD), and inter-ventricular mechanical delay (IVMD) were not significantly different from baseline(all P>0.05), but significantly smaller than that in the RVP group (all P＜0.05). Meanwhile, GLS was greater in LBBP than in the RVP group (17.6±3.4% vs. 14.8±3.1%, P<0.05). Global myocardial work index and global constructive work were also better than that in the RVP group(all P＜0.05). Global work efficiency was 92.5±3.0%, which was greater when compared with RVP ( 88.6±4.3 %, P<0.05). LBBP provides better cardiac electro-mechanical synchrony and more effective myocardial work than that in RVP, thus improving global heart function.
Investigating the potential role of USP18 in atherosclerosis by regulating cholesterol efflux based on bioinformatics analysis
Authors: An Yang , Zhang Qiaojun , Liu Jiangjin , Zhou Hongmei , Xia Bing , Wan Chanwu , Lu Yanlin , Yu Yanni , Wang Jie , Dai Jialin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Ubiquitin-specific protease 18 (USP18), also known as UBP43, is a member of the ubiquitin-specific protease family involved in suppressing viral activity and promoting tumor migration. Previous studies have shown that USP18 expression is upregulated in the patients with heart failure and USP18 is considered as a novel target for the treatment of heart failure. However, the role of USP18 in atherosclerosis remains unclear. In this study, we sought to explore the role of USP18 on ATP-binding cassette transporter protein G1 (ABCG1)-dependent cholesterol efflux.
Methods
GSE6054 dataset was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed by using the "limma" package in R (version 4.1.3). H-DOCK was applied to perform protein-protein docking for predicting the interaction between USP18 and ABCG1. Immunohistochemistry(IHC), immunofluorescence(IF), and Western blot were used to assess the protein expression of USP18 and ABCG1 in human coronary arteries. Dual immunofluorescence was performed for co-localization analysis of USP18 and ABCG1
Results
Bioinformatics analysis identified 462 differentially expressed genes including 239 upregulated and 223 downregulated genes in familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) patients, of which USP18 was upregulated in monocytes. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis indicated that the biological functions of USP18 were mainly enriched in endopeptidase activity and cytokine-mediated signaling. Protein-protein docking by H-DOCK showed that USP18 and ABCG1 interacted at a free energy of -20 kcal/mol (free energy < 0 was considered meaningful). IHC, IF and Western blot analyses revealed an increased expression level of USP18 in coronary arteries from patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD) , but Western blot analyses revealed a decreased expression level of USP18 in coronary arteries from patients with sudden cardiac death (SCD) compared with controls. At the same time, ABCG1 expression was decreased in coronary arteries from both CHD and SCD patients with a higher significance in SCD patients. In addition, double immunofluorescence assay showed no significant co-localization of USP18 and ABCG1.
Conclusions
USP18 may contribute to the development of atherogenesis through regulating ABCG1-dependent cholesterol efflux from macrophages.
Neuroprotective Effect of Vesatolimod in an Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Mice Model
Authors: Jiang Xian , Song Yifan , Fang Jie , Yang Xiaosheng , Mu Shuhua , Zhang Jian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, demyelinating autoimmune disease accompanied by inflammation and loss of axons and neurons. Vesatolimod (VES, GS-9620) is a safe and well-tolerated agonist of toll-like receptor 7 with antiviral properties. To further develop possible therapeutic uses of VES, we assessed the effect of VES on MS using an Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model which was induced in mice by MOG35–55 injection. Mice were monitored for clinical symptoms daily, and the treatment group was given VES at the onset of illness. The therapeutic effect of VES on EAE inflammation, demyelination, macrophage and T cells infiltration, and microglia activation was evaluated. Autophagy within the spinal cords of EAE mice was also preliminarily assessed. Treatment with VES significantly alleviated clinical symptoms of EAE from day 18 post-immunization and decreased the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines, particularly IL-12 (P40) and Eotaxin, in peripheral blood. It also inhibited demyelination in spinal cords, observed by immunofluorescent staining. Moreover, VES treatment reduced infiltration of CD3 + T cells and CD107b + macrophages, activation of microglia, as well as inhibited the expression of autophagy-related proteins (ATG5, ATG7 and ATG12) in the spinal cords of EAE mice. Our results suggest that VES exhibits protective effects on EAE mice and has the potential to be a novel drug for the treatment of MS.
Changes in photosynthetic parameters and lipid classes of N-limited freshwater microalga under cadmium exposure
Authors: Rocha Giseli Swerts , Parrish Christopher C. , Espíndola Evaldo L.G. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In the environment, algae are exposed to non-optimal conditions and adapt their physiology to cope with adverse conditions, such as limiting nutrients or excess contaminants. The present study evaluated the changes in photosynthetic parameters and lipid classes of the freshwater green microalga Ankistrodesmus densus exposed to nitrogen (N) limitation and cadmium (Cd) exposure. While N is required for the algal metabolism, Cd does not present known functions in freshwater microalgae. Our results indicate that the growth rate was more affected by metal than by the nutrient. At the same time, the quenchings, i.e., fractions of light energy driven to photochemical or non-photochemical processes of photosynthesis, were not affected under the N limitation. However, in the combination of the two stressors, the changes were more pronounced, suggesting a synergism in the growth rate, chlorophyll a production, photochemical quenching (qP), and effective quantum yield ((Y(II)). While Cd did not affect any lipid classes, the percentage of storage lipids (triacylglycerol) was increased under N limitation and in some of the combinations of N limitation and Cd. However, in the combination of the stressors, there were some non-linear changes in structural lipids (phospholipids) and a decrease in acetone mobile polar lipids. Our data indicate that the combination of the two stressors affected algal physiology with synergism in several parameters. However, the algal photoprotective mechanisms effectively avoided photodamage, as indicated by non-photochemical quenchings (qN and NPQ) and in the quantum yield related to regulated energy loss Y (NPQ) values.
Barriers to seeking professional mental health support among older adults with chronic diseases
Authors: Adams Claire , Gringart Eyal , Strobel Natalie 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective: Help-seeking for mental health problems among older adults is often delayed. This is particularly concerning among older adults with chronic diseases, who are at risk of mental health declines. This study explored barriers to help-seeking among older adults with chronic diseases and identified factors that influence older adults’ perceptions of such barriers.
Method: This was a cross-sectional study with 107 adults ≥65 years, diagnosed with cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, and/or type 2 diabetes. Demographic variables and barriers to help-seeking were measured using self-report questionnaires.
Results: The most common barriers to help-seeking were wondering whether the mental health problem is significant enough to warrant treatment (51.9%) and not having a regular primary health care provider to speak with (39.6%). Participants who had sought help in the past had less endorsement of these barriers than those who had never sought help.
Conclusions: Many older adults with chronic diseases have difficulties knowing when to seek help, and apprehensions about disclosing mental health concerns. Integrated intervention is needed involving the community (e.g., reduce stigma), older adults with chronic diseases (e.g., increase mental health literacy), and physicians (e.g., increase training in ageing and mental health) to alleviate common barriers to help-seeking in this population.
Maintaining social and emotional wellbeing among older adults during periods of increased social isolation: Lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Scarfe Brigitta , Adams Claire , Gringart Eyal , McAullay Daniel , Sim Moira , Strobel Natalie 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective: Older adults are vulnerable to isolation and poor mental health during COVID-19, however, their access to appropriate supports is unknown. The aim of this study was to explore older adults’ experiences accessing mental health and social support during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia.
Method: Ten older adults aged 68 to 78 years participated in individual semi-structured interviews between December 2020 and January 2021. Responses were investigated using thematic analysis.
Results: Three key themes emerged: adaptability and self-sufficiency; informal support-seeking; and digital and online technologies. Older adults were adaptable to COVID-19 restrictions; however, some were anxious about reconnecting with their social networks once restrictions had eased. Older adults relied on their informal support networks to maintain their social and emotional wellbeing during lockdown. Digital platforms (e.g., Zoom, social media) enabled older adults to stay connected with others, yet some older people were unable or reluctant to use technology, leaving them vulnerable to social isolation.
Conclusions: Older adults are resilient to the challenges of COVID-19. Informal supports and digital technologies are important to maintaining social and emotional wellbeing during lockdown. Local governments and community groups may benefit from increased funding to deliver services that promote social connectedness during times of crisis.
An integrated firefly algorithm for the optimization of constrained engineering design problems
Authors: Tao Ran , Zhou Huanlin , Meng Zeng , Liu Zhaotao 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
As a nature-inspired metaheuristic method, the firefly algorithm (FA) arises more attentions in academic and engineering fields. However, the computational efficiency and accuracy of FA still need improvement to deal with complex engineering problems. Thus, an integrated firefly algorithm (IFA) that combines two novel attractive models with a new stochastic model is proposed to improve the standard FA. Firstly, the attractive model and stochastic model of standard FA are investigated through theoretical analysis and numerical experiments. And the factors that affect the computational efficiency and accuracy of FA are revealed. Then, a fitness-based virtual attractive model and a fitness-based global best attractive model are constructed to reduce the computation complexity and enhance the exploitation ability. Moreover, an adaptive strategy is presented for the stochastic model to achieve a better balance between exploitation and exploration. Additionally, an adaptive penalty function method is developed to handle the constraints effectively. Then, the initial parameters are tested, and the best initial parameters corresponding to the optimal performance of IFA are obtained. Finally, IFA and other metaheuristic algorithms are applied to solve five engineering design optimization problems with mixed variables and multiple constraint conditions. The results indicate that IFA with adaptive penalty function needs fewer fitness evaluations and costs less computational time to obtain the optimal solutions. Furthermore, it exhibits better accuracy and robustness than other algorithms.
constitucionalización de los derechos fundamentales laborales en Chile
Authors: Franchi Muñoz Andrés 
Published: September 2022

En la actualidad se concibe a los trabajadores como titulares de derechos fundamentales inespecíficos, oponibles a su empleador al interior de la relación de trabajo, pasando en definitiva a constituir un límite a los poderes del empleador, dejando de tener una concepción meramente vertical frente al Estado. Ello obedece a un proceso de relectura de la Constitución 1980, lo que unido al trabajo doctrinal y jurisprudencial en la materia ha permitido estar en frente de lo que hemos denominado “La Constitucionalización de los derechos fundamentales laborales” en nuestro país. Este reconocimiento resulta insuficiente, sino se le otorgaban a dichos derechos mecanismos de tutela judicial efectiva, lo que se hizo mediante la creación y la incorporación del Procedimiento de Tutela Laboral por Vulneración de Derechos Fundamentales.
Two-year Follow-up of Avulsed Teeth Submittted to Laser Therapies: A Case Report
Authors: Belmonte Flavia Monari , Azevedo Luciane Hiramatsu , Paschoal Emilio Carlos , Caldeira Celso Luiz , de Freitas Patricia Moreira 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Replanted teeth can lead to critical biological conditions involving ankylosis and external root resorption. To prevent these occurrences, antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) and Photobiomodulation Therapy (PBMT) can be used during the postoperative phase.

Case Report:
The present report described the clinical case of a patient, an adult male with the avulsion of teeth #11 and #21. Teeth were stored under dry conditions and replanted 18h after trauma. The pulp was removed before replantation and aPDT was performed using a low power laser (660 nm,100 mW, 9 J) in direct irradiation of the root canal. A passive flexible splint was fixed in place from tooth #13 to #23 for 4 weeks. The PBMT was applied three times a week, for the first 2 months, using the same laser device but with an infrared wavelength (808 nm, 100 mW, 3J). Clinical and radiographic examination supported the assessment of inflammatory/infectious resorption.

Conclusion:
The combination of laser therapy with endodontic procedures for treating traumatized teeth ensured successful clinical and radiographic outcomes at a 2-year follow-up examination.
Comparing Transactional eHealth Literacy of Individuals With Cancer and Surrogate Information Seekers: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Vasquez Taylor S , Bylund Carma L , Alpert Jordan , Close Julia , Le Tien , Markham Merry Jennifer , Taylor Greenberry B , Paige Samantha R 
Published: September 2022

Background
The number of adults entering higher-risk age groups for receiving a cancer diagnosis is rising, with predicted numbers of cancer cases expected to increase by nearly 50% by 2050. Living with cancer puts exceptional burdens on individuals and families during treatment and survivorship, including how they navigate their relationships with one another. One role that a member of a support network may enact is that of a surrogate seeker, who seeks information in an informal capacity on behalf of others. Individuals with cancer and surrogate seekers often use the internet to learn about cancer, but differences in their skills and strategies have received little empirical attention.

Objective
This study aimed to examine the eHealth literacy of individuals with cancer and surrogate information seekers, including an investigation of how each group evaluates the credibility of web-based cancer information. As a secondary aim, we sought to explore the differences that exist between individuals with cancer and surrogate seekers pertaining to eHealth literacies and sociodemographic contexts.

Methods
Between October 2019 and January 2020, we conducted a web-based survey of 282 individuals with cancer (n=185) and surrogate seekers (n=97). We used hierarchical linear regression analyses to explore differences in functional, communicative, critical, and translational eHealth literacy between individuals with cancer and surrogate seekers using the Transactional eHealth Literacy Instrument. Using a convergent, parallel mixed methods design, we also conducted a thematic content analysis of an open-ended survey response to qualitatively examine how each group evaluates web-based cancer information.

Results
eHealth literacy scores did not differ between individuals with cancer and surrogate seekers, even after adjusting for sociodemographic variables. Individuals with cancer and surrogate seekers consider the credibility of web-based cancer information based on its channel (eg, National Institutes of Health). However, in evaluating web-based information, surrogate seekers were more likely than individuals with cancer to consider the presence and quality of scientific references supporting the information. Individuals with cancer were more likely than surrogate seekers to cross-reference other websites and web-based sources to establish consensus.

Conclusions
Web-based cancer information accessibility and evaluation procedures differ among individuals with cancer and surrogate seekers and should be considered in future efforts to design web-based cancer education interventions. Future studies may also benefit from more stratified recruitment approaches and account for additional contextual factors to better understand the unique circumstances experienced within this population.
Physical Therapists’ Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Artificial Intelligence Applications in Health Care and Rehabilitation: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Alsobhi Mashael , Khan Fayaz , Chevidikunnan Mohamed Faisal , Basuodan Reem , Shawli Lama , Neamatallah Ziyad 
Published: September 2022

Background
The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of rehabilitation is growing rapidly. Therefore, there is a need to understand how physical therapists (PTs) perceive AI technologies in clinical practice.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the knowledge and attitude of PTs regarding AI applications in rehabilitation based on multiple explanatory factors.

Methods
A web-based Google Form survey, which was divided into 4 sections, was used to collect the data. A total of 317 PTs participated voluntarily in the study.

Results
The PTs’ knowledge about AI applications in rehabilitation was lower than their knowledge about AI in general. We found a statistically significant difference in the PTs’ knowledge regarding AI applications in the rehabilitation field based on sex (odds ratio [OR] 2.43, 95% CI 1.53-3.87; P<.001). In addition, experience (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.11-2.87; P=.02) and educational qualification (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.05-2.70; P=.03) were found to be significant predictors of knowledge about AI applications. PTs who work in the nonacademic sector and who had <10 years of experience had positive attitudes regarding AI.

Conclusions
AI technologies have been integrated into many physical therapy practices through the automation of clinical tasks. Therefore, PTs are encouraged to take advantage of the widespread development of AI technologies and enrich their knowledge about, and enhance their practice with, AI applications.
The societal impact of early intensified treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Tsotra Foteini , Kappel Mathias , Peristeris Platon , Bader Giovanni , Levi Eva , Lister Nicola , Malhotra Ankur , Ostwald Dennis A 
Published: September 2022

Aim:The current study estimates the societal impact of early intensified treatment compared with initial monotherapy with subsequent treatment intensification in newly diagnosed adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Mexico.Methods:An individual patient-level simulation and a static cohort model were employed to simulate the treatment pathway and the probability of experiencing complications of diabetes. The avoided number of events was translated into avoided productivity losses, which were monetized using wages.Results:Patients on early intensified treatment experienced approximately 13,000 fewer complication events over 10 years. This was translated into a societal impact of $54 million (USD).Conclusion:Early treatment intensification is likely to be of particular benefit to health outcomes and productivity losses.
OPA1 Regulates Lipid Metabolism and Cold-Induced Browning of White Adipose Tissue in Mice
Authors: Pereira Renata O. , Olvera Angela C. , Marti Alex , Fang Shi , White Jeffrey R. , Westphal Michael , Hewezi Rana , AshShareef Salma T. , Pena Luis Miguel Garcia , Koneru Jivan , Potthoff Matthew J. , Abel E. Dale 
Published: September 2022

<p>Mitochondria play a vital role in white adipose tissue homeostasis including adipogenesis, fatty acid synthesis, and lipolysis. We recently reported that the mitochondrial fusion protein optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) is required for induction of fatty acid oxidation and thermogenic activation in brown adipocytes. The present study investigated the role of OPA1 in white adipose tissue (WAT) function <em>in vivo</em>. We generated mice with constitutive or inducible knockout of OPA1 selectively in adipocytes. Studies were conducted under baseline conditions, at thermoneutrality, following high-fat feeding or during cold exposure. OPA1 deficiency reduced mitochondrial respiratory capacity in white adipocytes, impaired lipolytic signaling, repressed expression of <em>de novo</em> lipogenesis and triglyceride synthesis pathways and promoted adipose tissue senescence and inflammation. Reduced WAT mass was associated with hepatic triglycerides accumulation and glucose intolerance. Moreover, mice deficient for OPA1 in adipocytes had impaired adaptive thermogenesis, reduced cold-induced browning of sub-cutaneous WAT, and were completely resistant to diet-induced obesity. In conclusion, OPA1 expression and function in adipocytes is essential for adipose tissue expansion, lipid biosynthesis and fatty acid mobilization of WAT and brown adipocytes, and for thermogenic activation of brown and beige adipocytes. </p>