bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computer-aided craniofacial superimposition validation study: the identification of the leaders and participants of the Polish-Lithuanian January Uprising (1863–1864)
Authors: Martos Rubén , Guerra Rosario , Navarro Fernando , Peruch Michela , Neuwirth Kevin , Valsecchi Andrea , Jankauskas Rimantas , Ibáñez Oscar 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn 2017, a series of human remains corresponding to the executed leaders of the “January Uprising” of 1863–1864 were uncovered at the Upper Castle of Vilnius (Lithuania). During the archeological excavations, 14 inhumation pits with the human remains of 21 individuals were found at the site. The subsequent identification process was carried out, including the analysis and cross-comparison of post-mortem data obtained in situ and in the lab with ante-mortem data obtained from historical archives. In parallel, three anthropologists with diverse backgrounds in craniofacial identification and two students without previous experience attempted to identify 11 of these 21 individuals using the craniofacial superimposition technique. To do this, the five participants had access to 18 3D scanned skulls and 14 photographs of 11 different candidates. The participants faced a cross-comparison problem involving 252 skull-face overlay scenarios. The methodology follows the main agreements of the European project MEPROCS and uses the software Skeleton-ID™. Based on MEPROCS standard, a final decision was provided within a scale, assigning a value in terms of strong, moderate, or limited support to the claim that the skull and the facial image belonged (or not) to the same person for each case. The problem of binary classification, positive/negative, with an identification rate for each participant was revealed. The results obtained in this study make the authors think that both the quality of the materials used and the previous experience of the analyst play a fundamental role when reaching conclusions using the CFS technique.
Future perspectives for treating patients with geographic atrophy
Authors: Loewenstein Anat , Trivizki Omer 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Geographic atrophy (GA) is a late-stage form of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) characterized by the expansion of atrophic lesions in the outer retina. There are currently no approved pharmacological treatments to prevent or slow the progression of GA. This review describes the progression and assessment of GA, predictive imaging features, and complement-targeting investigational drugs for GA.

Methods
A literature search on GA was conducted.

Results
Expansion of atrophic lesions in patients with GA is associated with a decline in several measures of visual function. GA lesion size has been moderately associated with measures obtained through microperimetry, whereas GA lesion size in the 1-mm diameter area centered on the fovea has been associated with visual acuity. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) can provide 3-dimensional quantitative assessment of atrophy and is useful for identifying early atrophy in GA. Features that have been found to predict the development of GA include certain drusen characteristics and pigmentary abnormalities. Specific OCT features, including hyper-reflective foci and OCT-reflective drusen substructures, have been associated with AMD disease progression. Lesion characteristics, including focality, regularity of shape, location, and perilesional fundus autofluorescence patterns, have been identified as predictors of faster GA lesion growth. Certain investigational complement-targeting drugs have shown efficacy in slowing the progression of GA.

Conclusion
GA is a progressive disease associated with irreversible vision loss. Therefore, the lack of treatment options presents a significant unmet need. OCT and drugs under investigation for GA are promising future tools for disease management.
The use of electronic conductivity devices can effectively reduce radiation exposure in vertebral body tethering
Authors: Da Paz Stephanie , Trobisch Per , Baroncini Alice 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Vertebral body tethering (VBT) presents new challenges in respect to radiation exposure, as screws cannot be placed free-hand and the lateral positioning of the patients increases scattered radiation. To reduce radiation exposure, we introduced the use of electronic conductivity device (ECD). These are drilling probes send an audio signal when cortical bone is breached. Thus, anterior, bicortical screws can be placed without multiple fluoroscopic controls. ECD has been used for all VBT procedures at our institution starting April 2020. The aim of this study was to test the safety of ECD and its efficacy in radiation reduction in comparison with the current standard, the fluoroscopic guidance.

Materials and methods
All patients who underwent VBT between August 2019 and December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed and divided into two groups according to whether ECD had been used or not. The radiation exposure per procedure and per screw was compared among the two groups, overall and separately for thoracic, lumbar and bilateral procedures. The rate of misplaced screws was calculated.

Results
Data from 62 patients and 825 screws were obtained (397 with ECD). No screw misplacement was observed. Radiation reduction with ECD reached up to 41%. A significant reduction was observed in the radiation per procedure in bilateral instrumentation (from 9.16 to 5.52 mGy*m2), and in the analysis per screw overall (from 9.16 to 5.52 mGy*m2) and for lumbar curves (from 0.54 to 0.32 mGy*m2).

Conclusion
ECD can safely and effectively reduce the radiation exposure for VBT procedures.
A 1-week sleep and light intervention improves mood in premenstrual dysphoric disorder in association with shifting melatonin offset time earlier
Authors: Parry Barbara L. , Meliska Charles J. , Martinez L. Fernando , Lopez Ana M. , Sorenson Diane L. , Dawes Sharron E. , Elliott Jeffrey A. , Hauger Richard L. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
To test the hypothesis that 1 week of combined sleep and light interventions (SALI), which phase-advance (shift earlier) melatonin circadian rhythms, improves mood significantly more than phase-delay (shift later) SALI. After a 2-month diagnostic evaluation for premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD per DSM-5 criteria) in a university clinical research setting, 44 participants enrolled in baseline studies were randomized in the luteal phase at home to (A) a phase-advance intervention (PAI): 1 night of late-night wake therapy (LWT: sleep 9 pm–1 am) followed by 7 days of the morning (AM) bright white light (BWL), or (B) a phase-delay intervention (PDI): 1 night of early-night wake therapy (EWT: sleep 3–7 am) plus 7 days of the evening (PM) BWL. After a month of no intervention, participants underwent the alternate intervention. Outcome measures were mood, the melatonin metabolite, 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (6-SMT), and actigraphy (to assess protocol compliance). At baseline, atypical depression correlated positively with phase delay in 6-SMT offset time (r = .456, p = .038). PAI advanced 6-SMT offset from baseline more than PDI (p < .05), and improved raw mood scores more than PDI (p < .05). As hypothesized, percent improvement in mood correlated positively with a phase advance from baseline in 6-SMT offset time (p < .001). Treatment with 1 night of advanced/restricted sleep followed by 7 days of AM BWL (PAI) was more efficacious in reducing PMDD depression symptoms than a PDI; mood improvement occurred in association with phase advance in 6-SMT offset time. Combined SALIs offer safe, efficacious, rapid-acting, well-tolerated, non-pharmacological, non-hormonal, affordable, repeatable home interventions for PMDD. Clinical Trials.gov NCT # NCT01799733.
Engineering geological 3D modeling and geotechnical characterization in the framework of technical rules for geotechnical design: the case study of the Nola’s logistic plant (southern Italy)
Authors: Petrone P. , Allocca V. , Fusco F. , Incontri P. , De Vita P. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the design and construction of buildings and infrastructures, the reconstruction of a reliable 3D engineering geological model is an essential step to optimize costs of the construction and limit risks from failure or damage due to unforeseen ground conditions. The modeling of ground conditions is a challenging issue to be tackled especially in the case of geological units with complex geometries and spatially variable geotechnical properties. In such a direction, coupled geological and geotechnical criteria are usually adopted to define engineering geological units.These concepts are considered by the current technical rules for geotechnical design such as the Eurocode 7 and in the national regulations which have followed it, known in Italy as “Norme Tecniche per le Costruzioni (NTC).” Notwithstanding this advanced regulatory framework, no comprehensive indications on methodological approaches were given for the 3D engineering geological modeling and geotechnical characterization of a design and construction site. In this paper, the case study of the highly heterogeneous and heteropic pyroclastic-alluvial stratigraphic setting of the Nola plain (Campania, southern Italy) characterizing the site of the Nola’s logistic plant is dealt with. The approaches are based on the engineering geological modeling analysis of a high number of stratigraphic, laboratory and in situ geotechnical data, collected for the design of the plant, and the use of a specialized modeling software providing advanced capabilities in spatial modeling of geological and geotechnical information, as well as in their visual representation. The results obtained, including also the analysis of statistical variability of geotechnical properties and the identification of representative geotechnical values, can be potentially considered a methodological approach, consistent with the current technical rules for geotechnical design as well as with fundamental concepts of engineering geological modeling and mapping.
Autonomous learning for fuzzy systems: a review
Authors: Gu Xiaowei , Han Jungong , Shen Qiang , Angelov Plamen P. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAs one of the three pillars in computational intelligence, fuzzy systems are a powerful mathematical tool widely used for modelling nonlinear problems with uncertainties. Fuzzy systems take the form of linguistic IF-THEN fuzzy rules that are easy to understand for human. In this sense, fuzzy inference mechanisms have been developed to mimic human reasoning and decision-making. From a data analytic perspective, fuzzy systems provide an effective solution to build precise predictive models from imprecise data with great transparency and interpretability, thus facilitating a wide range of real-world applications. This paper presents a systematic review of modern methods for autonomously learning fuzzy systems from data, with an emphasis on the structure and parameter learning schemes of mainstream evolving, evolutionary, reinforcement learning-based fuzzy systems. The main purpose of this paper is to introduce the underlying concepts, underpinning methodologies, as well as outstanding performances of the state-of-the-art methods. It serves as a one-stop guide for readers learning the representative methodologies and foundations of fuzzy systems or who desire to apply fuzzy-based autonomous learning in other scientific disciplines and applied fields.
Variability of Single Pulse Electrical Stimulation Responses Recorded with Intracranial Electroencephalography in Epileptic Patients
Authors: Jedynak Maciej , Boyer Anthony , Chanteloup-Forêt Blandine , Bhattacharjee Manik , Saubat Carole , Tadel François , Kahane Philippe , David Olivier ,   F-TRACT Consortium
Published: December 2022

AbstractCohort studies of brain stimulations performed with stereo-electroencephalographic (SEEG) electrodes in epileptic patients allow to derive large scale functional connectivity. It is known, however, that brain responses to electrical or magnetic stimulation techniques are not always reproducible. Here, we study variability of responses to single pulse SEEG electrical stimulation. We introduce a second-order probability analysis, i.e. we extend estimation of connection probabilities, defined as the proportion of responses trespassing a statistical threshold (determined in terms of Z-score with respect to spontaneous neuronal activity before stimulation) over all responses and derived from a number of individual measurements, to an analysis of pairs of measurements.Data from 445 patients were processed. We found that variability between two equivalent measurements is substantial in particular conditions. For long ( > ~ 90 mm) distances between stimulating and recording sites, and threshold value Z = 3, correlation between measurements drops almost to zero. In general, it remains below 0.5 when the threshold is smaller than Z = 4 or the stimulating current intensity is 1 mA. It grows with an increase of either of these factors. Variability is independent of interictal spiking rates in the stimulating and recording sites.We conclude that responses to SEEG stimulation in the human brain are variable, i.e. in a subject at rest, two stimulation trains performed at the same electrode contacts and with the same protocol can give discrepant results. Our findings highlight an advantage of probabilistic interpretation of such results even in the context of a single individual.
Large subsets of $$\mathbb {Z}_m^n$$ without arithmetic progressions
Authors: Elsholtz Christian , Klahn Benjamin , Lipnik Gabriel F. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFor integers m and n, we study the problem of finding good lower bounds for the size of progression-free sets in $$(\mathbb {Z}_{m}^{n},+)$$

(

Z

m

n

,
+
)

. Let $$r_{k}(\mathbb {Z}_{m}^{n})$$

r
k

(

Z

m

n

)

denote the maximal size of a subset of $$\mathbb {Z}_{m}^{n}$$

Z

m

n

without arithmetic progressions of length k and let $$P^{-}(m)$$

P
-

(
m
)

denote the least prime factor of m. We construct explicit progression-free sets and obtain the following improved lower bounds for $$r_{k}(\mathbb {Z}_{m}^{n})$$

r
k

(

Z

m

n

)

:

If $$k\ge 5$$

k
≥
5

is odd and $$P^{-}(m)\ge (k+2)/2$$

P
-

(
m
)

≥

(
k
+
2
)

/
2

, then $$\begin{aligned} r_k(\mathbb {Z}_m^n) \gg _{m,k} \frac{\bigl \lfloor \frac{k-1}{k+1}m +1\bigr \rfloor ^{n}}{n^{\lfloor \frac{k-1}{k+1}m \rfloor /2}}. \end{aligned}$$

r
k

(

Z
m
n

)

≫

m
,
k

⌊

k
-
1

k
+
1

m
+
1

⌋

n

n

⌊

k
-
1

k
+
1

m
⌋
/
2

.

If $$k\ge 4$$

k
≥
4

is even, $$P^{-}(m) \ge k$$

P
-

(
m
)

≥
k

and $$m \equiv -1 \bmod k$$

m
≡
-
1

mod

k

, then $$\begin{aligned} r_{k}(\mathbb {Z}_{m}^{n}) \gg _{m,k} \frac{\bigl \lfloor \frac{k-2}{k}m + 2\bigr \rfloor ^{n}}{n^{\lfloor \frac{k-2}{k}m + 1\rfloor /2}}. \end{aligned}$$

r
k

(

Z

m

n

)

≫

m
,
k

⌊

k
-
2

k

m
+
2

⌋

n

n

⌊

k
-
2

k

m
+
1
⌋
/
2

.

Moreover, we give some further improved lower bounds on $$r_k(\mathbb {Z}_p^n)$$

r
k

(

Z
p
n

)

for primes $$p \le 31$$

p
≤
31

and progression lengths $$4 \le k \le 8$$

4
≤
k
≤
8

.
Another Brick in the Wall? Moral Education, Social Learning, and Moral Progress
Authors: Rehren Paul , Sauer Hanno 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMany believe that moral education can cause moral progress. At first glance, this makes sense. A major goal of moral education is the improvement of the moral beliefs, values and behaviors of young people. Most would also consider all of these improvements to be important instances of moral progress. Moreover, moral education is a form of social learning, and there are good reasons to think that social learning processes shape episodes of progressive moral change. Despite this, we argue that instead of being a cause of moral change, the main effect of moral education is often to provide stability or continuity. In addition, we will argue that even when the conditions are right for moral education to contribute to moral change, it is far from clear that the resulting changes will always, or even most of the time, end up being progressive.
Flood Modeling and Prediction Using Earth Observation Data
Authors: Schumann Guy , Giustarini Laura , Tarpanelli Angelica , Jarihani Ben , Martinis Sandro 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The ability to map floods from satellites has been known for over 40 years. Early images of floods were rather difficult to obtain, and flood mapping from satellites was thus rather opportunistic and limited to only a few case studies. However, over the last decade, with a proliferation of open-access EO data, there has been much progress in the development of Earth Observation products and services tailored to various end-user needs, as well as its integration with flood modeling and prediction efforts. This article provides an overview of the use of satellite remote sensing of floods and outlines recent advances in its application for flood mapping, monitoring and its integration with flood models. Strengths and limitations are discussed throughput, and the article concludes by looking at new developments.
An efficient algorithm combining an optimized hybrid block method and the differential quadrature method for solving Hunter–Saxton equation
Authors: Kaur Anurag , Kanwar V. , Ramos Higinio 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this paper, the numerical solution of a mixed derivative type Hunter–Saxton equation is addressed. A given equation is discretized transforming it into a system of ODEs with the use of a cubic trigonometric B-splines based differential quadrature method. The system is further solved using a fifth-order optimized one-step hybrid block method. Three numerical illustrations validate the efficiency of the proposed scheme and show its better performance through very accurate results. Stability and convergence analysis are also performed.
Predicting Supramolecular Structure from the Statistics of Individual Molecular Events
Authors: Pilkiewicz Kevin R. , Rana Pratip , Mayo Michael L. , Ghosh Preetam 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAs manipulating the self-assembly of supramolecular and nanoscale constructs at the single-molecule level increasingly becomes the norm, new theoretical scaffolds must be erected to replace the thermodynamic and kinetics based models used to describe traditional bulk phase syntheses. Like the statistical mechanics underpinning these latter theories, the framework we propose uses state probabilities as its fundamental objects; but, contrary to the Gibbsian paradigm, our theory directly models the transition probabilities between the initial and final states of a trajectory, foregoing the need to assume ergodicity. We leverage these probabilities in the context of molecular self-assembly to compute the overall likelihood that a specified experimental condition leads to a desired structural outcome. We demonstrate the application of this framework to a toy model in whichNidentical molecules can assemble into oligomers of different lengths and conclude with a discussion of how the high computational cost of such a fine-grained model can be overcome through approximation when extending it to larger, more complex systems.
Fundamental competition of smooth and non-smooth bifurcations and their ghosts in vibro-impact pairs
Authors: Serdukova Larissa , Kuske Rachel , Yurchenko Daniil 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA combined analysis of smooth and non-smooth bifurcations captures the interplay of different qualitative transitions in a canonical model of an impact pair, a forced capsule in which a ball moves freely between impacts on either end of the capsule. The analysis, generic for the impact pair context, is also relevant for applications. It is applied to a model of an inclined vibro-impact energy harvester device, where the energy is generated via impacts of the ball with a dielectric polymer on the capsule ends. While sequences of bifurcations have been studied extensively in single- degree-of-freedom impacting models, there are limited results for two-degree-of-freedom impacting systems such as the impact pair. Using an analytical characterization of impacting solutions and their stability based on the maps between impacts, we obtain sequences of period doubling and fold bifurcations together with grazing bifurcations, a particular focus here. Grazing occurs when a sequence of impacts on either end of the capsule are augmented by a zero-velocity impact, a transition that is fundamentally different from the smooth bifurcations that are instead characterized by eigenvalues of the local behavior. The combined analyses allow identification of bifurcations also on unstable or unphysical solutions branches, which we term ghost bifurcations. While these ghost bifurcations are not observed experimentally or via simple numerical integration of the model, nevertheless they can influence the birth or death of complex behaviors and additional grazing transitions, as confirmed by comparisons with the numerical results. The competition between the different bifurcations and their ghosts influences the parameter ranges for favorable energy output; thus, the analyses of bifurcation sequences yield important design information.
Financial reporting for cryptocurrency
Authors: Luo Mei , Yu Shuangchen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study compares and contrasts US and international accounting and financial reporting practices for cryptocurrency. We analyze the financial statements of 40 global companies that have exposure to cryptocurrencies, including cryptocurrency purchases, mining, payments, trading, and investments in ICOs and early-stage blockchain ventures. We document inconsistency between Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), as well as distortions that can mislead users in assessing asset value, liquidity, profitability, and cash-generating abilities across firms. In particular, firms receiving cryptocurrencies in revenue-generating activities account for cryptocurrencies as intangibles using different measurement bases and classify the associated cash inflows differently. Some firms place cryptocurrencies in the usual long-term location of intangibles, while others consider intangibles as liquid, short-term assets. Limited guidance about crypto-assets from both IFRS and GAAP lets companies choose which existing standard to apply and how to apply it. Understanding the financial and valuation implications of these new virtual assets is vital for future accounting research and professional practice.
Thermal Sintering and Phosphorus Poisoning of a Layered Diesel Oxidation Catalyst
Authors: Agote-Arán Miren , Jacobsen Vilde V. , Elsener Martin , Schütze Frank W. , Schilling Christian M. , Sridhar Manasa , Katsaounis Evangelos , Kröcher Oliver , Alxneit Ivo , Ferri Davide 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe tightening emission regulations have led to the development of commercial DOCs with zoned or layered formulations allowing to cover a wide range of functionalities (i.e. CO, HC and NO oxidation as well as HC or NOx trap). Aging phenomena in such complex formulations are not well understood. To shed light on material deactivation, this study compares phosphorus poisoning and thermal sintering of two DOC monoliths with related formulations: (1) a commercial monolith comprising two catalytic layers where the top layer is rich in Pt, and (2) a model monolith containing only the top layer of the commercial monolith. The activity and characterisation (elemental analysis, microscopy and N2-physisorption) results are used to deconvolute the deactivation process of the two layers and should serve to rationalize the aging in layered catalyst formulations.