bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping como herramienta de pensamiento visual para la toma de decisiones proyectuales
Authors: Fonseca Alvarado Maritza Carolina , Vodanovic Undurraga Drago , Gutierrez Astete Gonzalo 
Published: November 2022

From a reflection on the importance of visual thinking (VP) and critical observation in the architect’s education, this paper investigates mapping as a mechanism of graphic facilitation that allows an approach to the architectural context with a look filtered by the previous inquiry and guided in two main stages. A divergent stage, in which different elements of the context are explored and a convergent stage, in which critical observations are focused to generate a project purpose. The mapping experience developed in the Project Workshop, its foundations, methodology and results over several years of implementation are described. The methodology is based on seven criteria: Study, Contextualization, Verification, Co-construction, Concretion, Planning and Proposal, seeks to enhance the PV as a fundamental tool of the architect and shows how to generate elements of collective work that integrate diverse views on the living environment.
A partir de una reflexión sobre la importancia del pensamiento visual (PV) y la observación crítica en la formación del arquitecto, este trabajo indaga sobre el mapeo, o mapping en inglés, como mecanismo de facilitación gráfica que permite realizar una aproximación al contexto arquitectónico con una mirada filtrada por la indagación previa y guiada en dos grandes etapas una divergente en la que se exploran distintos elementos del contexto y una convergente en donde se focalizan las observaciones críticas para generar un propósito de proyecto. Se describe la experiencia de mapping desarrollada en el Taller de Proyectos, sus fundamentos, metodología y resultados a lo largo de varios años de implementación. La metodología basada en siete criterios: Estudio, Contextualización, Constatación, Co-construcción, Concreción, Planificación y Proposición, busca potenciar el PV como herramienta fundamental del arquitecto y muestra cómo generar elementos de trabajo colectivo que integran diversas miradas sobre el entorno habitable.
Mejora de las destrezas profesionales en el proyecto de estructuras del Máster habilitante
Authors: Perez-Garcia Agustin 
Published: November 2022

Among the competencies set out in Section 5 of the Annex to Orden EDU/2075/2010 on the university degree that officially qualifies for the practice of the profession of architect, express mention is made of "CE01(E). Aptitude to conceive, calculate, design and integrate into buildings and urban ensembles and execute: building structures". This is a core and specific competence whose didactic development differs from one Spanish School of Architecture to another. This paper provides a critical review of the learning outcomes achieved by students over the last seven years that has been taught the Master in Architecture degree. It also describes the Educational Innovation and Improvement Project launched in the current academic year (2021-22) that constitutes the second itinerary of the course. Finally, a comparative analysis of the learning outcomes observed in the two itineraries is made.
Entre las competencias fijadas en el Apartado 5 del Anexo a la Orden EDU/2075/2010 sobre el título universitario que habilita oficialmente para el ejercicio de la profesión de arquitecto, se menciona expresamente la “CE01(E). Aptitud para concebir, calcular, diseñar e integrar en edificios y conjuntos urbanos y ejecutar: Estructuras de edificación”. Se trata de una competencia troncal y específica cuyo desarrollo didáctico difiere de unas a otras Escuelas de Arquitectura españolas. La presente comunicación aporta una revisión crítica de los resultados del aprendizaje alcanzados por los estudiantes a lo largo de los siete cursos que lleva implantado el Máster. También se describe el Proyecto de Innovación y Mejora Educativa puesto en marcha el presente curso (2021-22) y que constituye el segundo itinerario de la asignatura. Por último, se realiza un análisis comparado de los resultados del aprendizaje constatados en cada uno de los dos itinerarios.
La investigación narrativa como forma de investigación del taller de proyectos
Authors: Uribe Lemarie Natalia 
Published: November 2022

The following text is part of the results of a dissertation in Education about teaching and learning in the design studio. It is taken as a dynamic structure that links tradition, normative and institutional provisions, the design process, and the study of some educational models, but, above all, it focuses on the relationship between its main actors: students and teachers. Narrative inquiry is taken as the methodological path to acquire these experiences through conversations that focused on relational issues, ways of teaching and learning, the architectonic space as a learning scenario, institutional conditions, and satellite experiences. The findings allow us to establish a current and future overview of the successes and issues to be improved in the learning experience and the design studio become meaningful.
La siguiente comunicación es parte de los resultados de una tesis doctoral en Educación sobre la enseñanza y el aprendizaje en el taller de proyectos de arquitectura. En ella el taller se toma como una estructura dinámica que vincula la tradición, las disposiciones normativas e institucionales, la proyectación y materialización de algunos modelos educativos, pero, sobre todo, se centra en la relación entre sus actores: profesores y estudiantes. La investigación narrativa fue la base metodológica para el registro de dichas experiencias por medio de conversaciones que se centraron sobre aspectos de tipo vincular, maneras de enseñar y aprender, el espacio como escenario de aprendizaje, las condiciones institucionales y vivencias satelitales. Los hallazgos permiten establecer un panorama actual y futuro sobre los aciertos y asuntos por mejorar para que la experiencia de aprendizaje del taller de proyectos sea significativa.
Superorganismo: mutaciones en el proceso proyectual
Authors: Lopez Frasca Stella , Soriano Pelaez Federico , Castillo Ana Laura 
Published: November 2022

The year 2020 was marked by virtuality, a situation derived from the pandemic caused by the Covid-19 virus. This situation brought with it an infinity of structural problems in terms of the digital and spatial divide. From the shared experience, it was sought to achieve a dynamic collaborative activity where the differences and cultural coincidences of two academic units from two continents (Europe and South America) were able to achieve a synergy that would enhance critical thinking. During this linking experience, the question arose if information technology produces mutations in the Design Process. This new paradigm has had implications not only in the practice of architecture, but also in its teaching. In this way, mixed work cells were created, presenting a unique architectural project. The interchangeable corrections were closed with qualifications through the disappearance of limits and borders, and the combination in a single teaching entity.
El año 2020 estuvo marcado por la virtualidad, situación derivada por la pandemia originada por el virus Covid-19. Esta situación trajo aparejados infinidad de problemas estructurales en cuanto a la brecha digital y espacial. De la experiencia compartida se buscó lograr una actividad dinámica colaborativa donde las diferencias y coincidencias culturales de dos unidades académicas de dos continentes (Europa y América del Sur) pudieron lograr una sinergia que potenciara el pensamiento crítico. Durante esta experiencia de vinculación surgió la pregunta si la tecnología de la información produce mutaciones en el Proceso Proyectual. Este nuevo paradigma ha tenido implicancia no sólo en la práctica de la arquitectura, sino también en su enseñanza. De esta manera se constituyeron células de trabajo mixtas presentando un proyecto arquitectónico único. Las correcciones intercambiables se cerraron con calificaciones a través de la desaparición de límites y fronteras, y de la combinación en una sola entidad docente.
Forces on Individual Blade of a Propeller and Pressure Variations in Systematically Varied Wake Fields
Authors: Blaurock Jorg 
Published: November 2022

In an experimental investigation in a cavitation tunnel blade force measurements, cavitation observations, and measurements of hull pressure fluctuations have been performed in 4 systematically-varied wake fields. The primary difference in the wake fields lies in the velocity gradients of the circumferential inflow in the upper half of the propeller disc. The tests were performed on 2 propellers having different amounts of skew.
The most important result proved to be that small velocity gradients had an extremely beneficial effect on the hull pressure fluctuations induced on the shell plating of the propeller. The alternating loads on the individual blades, on the other hand, increased with increasing velocity gradient. A larger amount of skew proved to have a favorable effect on both cavitations cavitation and hull pressure fluctuations.
Analysis of Ramadan Effect on Indonesian Islamic Stock Market: Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) (2016-2020)
Authors: Sejati Hiro , Lihan Irham , Hendrawaty Ernie 
Published: November 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of Ramadan on the Indonesian Islamic stock market: Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) (2016-2020) which by looking at the difference in return and trading volume activity between Ramadan and non-Ramadan months, this study also aims to determine the difference between the beginning, middle and end of Ramadan. The sample in this study were thirty companies listed on the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) during Sha'ban, Ramadan and Shawwal from 2016-2020. The data used in this study is secondary data, and the data analysis technique used is the one-way ANOVA test and the Kruskall-Wallis test.
The results of this study indicate that Ramadan does not have a positive effect on the Indonesian Islamic stock market: Jakarta Islamic Index (JII), which is indicated by no significant difference in returns and trading volume activity between Ramadan and non-Ramadan. Furthermore, there is no significant difference in return and trading volume activity at the beginning, middle and end of Ramadan.
Above-ground Carbon Stocks of Tectona grandis and Gmelina arborea Plantations in Njala University, Southern Sierra Leone
Authors: Kainyande Aruna , Otesile Adegboyega A. , Kyaw Hsu Y. 
Published: November 2022

The unprecedented increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration has attracted global research attention on the potential role of tree plantations in climate change mitigation. There is an urgent need to estimate the above-ground biomass (AGB) and carbon stock in forest plantations. This is particularly essential for Sierra Leone, where above-ground biomass (AGB) and carbon stock data are presently lacking. This study estimated the above-ground biomass accumulation and carbon stock of Tectona grandis Linn.f. and Gmelina arborea Roxb. in the spacing and plantation trials at Njala University, Southern Sierra Leone. The assessment was based on a total inventory of trees having a diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 5 cm and tree height. Above-ground biomass (AGB) was estimated using the allometric equation by Chave et al. (2005), and above-ground carbon (AGC) stock was calculated by multiplying the biomass with a conversion factor of 0.5. The result showed that the mean above-ground carbon stock for Gmelina arborea was higher in the plantation trial (25.2 t ha-1) than in the spacing trial (7.5 t ha-1). For Tectona grandis, the mean above-ground carbon stock was similarly higher in the plantation trial (6.6 t ha-1) than in the spacing trial (1.5 t ha-1). The results further suggest that the variation in the means of above-ground carbon stock is not dependent on the tree species type and experimental site because there were no significant differences (P>0.05) between the tree species and experimental sites.
An Overview of COVID-19 Vaccines: Challenges of the Discovery and Development by the Pharmaceutical Industries
Authors: Tembe-Fokunang Estella Achick , Banin Andrew Nyuyki , Fokam Joseph , Fonmboh Dobgima John , Kaba Kristen Nubia , Fokunang Lovet Benyella , Ehigiator Ben Enoluomen , Igweze Zelinjo N. , Tishkoff Sarah , Duerr Ralf , Fokunang Charles Ntungwen 
Published: November 2022

The coronavirus (COVID-19) took the world by storm and triggered intensive research mobilization and action towards vaccines and drug repurposing. This pandemic triggered an emergence therapy intervention of which the development of new vaccine and drug repurposing were good options that was to be validated by regulatory authorities for potential use for enhancing acquired immunity for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2). Prior to the outbreak that led to the global health emergency intervention, an understanding of the viral architecture, pathophysiology and mechanism of action and functions were well established. The global health disaster caused by COVID-19 has generated significant interest globally for research in vaccine discovery and development by many research institutions and Pharmaceutical sectors since 2019. So far, the approval of many clinical trials tested vaccines by the regulatory authorities have led to the need for post approval concerns of efficacy, safety and quality of these approved vaccines. This review paper attempts to explore the vaccines approved for global access to the population discovery and development process, the potential safety implications. An insight into other therapy options such as the convalescence plasma treatment and management for the global COVID-19 pandemic has been reviewed.
Design and Development of a Low Cost Laterite Sieving Machine
Authors: Adejugbe I. T. , Olowonubi J. A. , Aigbovbiosa J. O. , Komolafe O. , Ogunkoya A. K. , Alasoluyi J. O. , Olusunle S. O. O. 
Published: November 2022

Sieving has been an essential process in the use of laterite for building, agriculture, etc. However, manual laterite sieving results to drudgery, fatigue, and time wastage during the processing. The method of laterite sieving is still being done manually in some parts of the country and therefore labour intensive. This is because a lot of Small and Medium Scale Entrepreneurs cannot afford the existing sieving machines because of their cost implications and availability. The simple aim of this paper is to develop a laterite sieving machine that will enhance the efficient sieving of laterite sand to be used in the construction/housing sector and also to reduce drudgery. This paper presents the design of an efficient laterite sieving machine that was developed with locally sourced materials with ease of maintenance amongst other advantages. The machine motion was designed with the concept of crank and slider mechanism. The machine is powered with a 2.43kW, 2600 RPM diesel engine and with the appropriate pulley ratio, the machine operated at a speed of 440RPM with an operating rate of 300kg/hour. The machine component parts include prime mover, Hopper, driving/driven pulley, belt guard, sieving unit and the machine frame. Several fabrication techniques such as welding, machining, etc. are adopted for the fabrication of the machine. Dry laterite sample was tested with the machine for operational effectiveness and the result shows that the machine has a sieving capacity of 300kg/hr and sieving efficiency ranging from 92 - 97%. The fabricated laterite sieving machine performed well with high sieving efficiency, reliability, durability with an estimated cost of 646, 684.00 Nigerian Naira.
The study was carried out in Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. A performance evaluation was carried out on the machine and the sieving efficiency is 96% was achieved.
Association of Quality and Technology With Patient Mobility for Colorectal Cancer Surgery
Authors: Aggarwal Ajay , Han Lu , Boyle Jemma , Lewis Daniel , Kuyruba Angela , Braun Michael , Walker Kate , Fearnhead Nicola , Sullivan Richard , van der Meulen Jan 
Published: November 2022

ImportanceMany health care systems publish hospital-level quality measures as a driver of hospital performance and to support patient choice, but it is not known if patients with cancer respond to them.ObjectiveTo investigate hospital quality and patient factors associated with treatment location.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis choice modeling study used national administrative hospital data. Patients with colon and rectal cancer treated in all 163 English National Health Service (NHS) hospitals delivering colorectal cancer surgery between April 2016 and March 2019 were included. The extent to which patients chose to bypass their nearest surgery center was investigated, and conditional logistic regression was used to estimate the association of additional travel time, hospital quality measures, and patient characteristics with treatment location.ExposuresAdditional travel time in minutes, hospital characteristics, and patient characteristics: age, sex, cancer T stage, socioeconomic status, comorbidity, and rural or urban residence.Main Outcomes and MeasuresTreatment location.ResultsOverall, 44 299 patients were included in the final cohort (mean [SD] age, 68.9 [11.6] years; 18 829 [42.5%] female). A total of 8550 of 31 258 patients with colon cancer (27.4%) and 3933 of 13 041 patients with rectal cancer (30.2%) bypassed their nearest surgical center. Travel time was strongly associated with treatment location. The association was less strong for younger, more affluent patients and those from rural areas. For rectal cancer, patients were more likely to travel to a hospital designated as a specialist colorectal cancer surgery center (odds ratio, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.13-1.87; P = .004) and to a hospital performing robotic surgery for rectal cancer (odds ratio, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.11-1.86; P = .007). Patients were less likely to travel to hospitals deemed to have inadequate care by the national quality regulator (odds ratio, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.50-0.97; P = .03). Patients were not more likely to travel to hospitals with better 2-year bowel cancer mortality outcomes.Conclusions and RelevancePatients appear responsive to hospital characteristics that reflect overall hospital quality and the availability of robotic surgery but not to specific disease-related outcome measures. Policies allowing patients to choose where they have colorectal cancer surgery may not result in better outcomes but could drive inequities in the health care system.
ZipperCells Exhibit Enhanced Accumulation and Retention at the Site of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Jasiewicz Natalie E. , Mei Kuo‐Ching , Oh Hannah M. , Chansoria Parth , Hendy Dylan A. , Bonacquisti Emily E. , Bachelder Eric M. , Ainslie Kristy M. , Yin Haifeng , Qian Li , Jensen Brian C. , Nguyen Juliane 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThere has been extensive interest in cellular therapies for the treatment of myocardial infarction, but bottlenecks concerning cellular accumulation and retention remain. Here, a novel system of in situ crosslinking mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for the formation of a living depot at the infarct site is reported. Bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells that are surface decorated with heterodimerizing leucine zippers, termed ZipperCells, are engineered. When delivered intravenously in sequential doses, it is demonstrated that ZipperCells can migrate to the infarct site, crosslink, and show ≈500% enhanced accumulation and ≈600% improvement in prolonged retention at 10 days after injection compared to unmodified MSCs. This study introduces an advanced approach to creating noninvasive therapeutics depots using cellular crosslinking and provides the framework for future scaffold‐free delivery methods for cardiac repair.
Recent Progress in Carrier‐Free Nanomedicine for Tumor Phototherapy
Authors: Zhong Ying‐Tao , Cen Yi , Xu Lin , Li Shi‐Ying , Cheng Hong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSafe and effective strategies are urgently needed to fight against the life‐threatening diseases of various cancers. However, traditional therapeutic modalities, such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery, exhibit suboptimal efficacy for malignant tumors owing to the serious side effects, drug resistance and even relapse. Phototherapies, including photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), are emerging therapeutic strategies for localized tumor inhibition, which can produce a large amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or elevate the temperature to initiate cell death by non‐invasive irradiation. In consideration of the poor bioavailability of phototherapy agents (PTAs), lots of drug delivery systems have been developed to enhance the tumor targeted delivery. Nevertheless, the carriers of drug delivery systems inevitably bring biosafety concerns on account of their metabolism, degradation, and accumulation. Of note, carrier‐free nanomedicine attracts great attention for clinical translation with synergistic antitumor effect, which is characterized by high drug loading, simplified synthetic method and good biocompatibility. In this review, the latest advances of phototherapy with various carrier‐free nanomedicines are summarized, which may provide a new paradigm for the future development of nanomedicine and tumor precision therapy.
Role of Bicontinuous Structure in Elastomeric Electrolytes for High‐Energy Solid‐State Lithium‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Han Junghun , Lee Michael J. , Lee Kyungbin , Lee Young Jun , Kwon Seung Ho , Min Ju Hong , Lee Eunji , Lee Wonho , Lee Seung Woo , Kim Bumjoon J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSolid‐state lithium (Li)‐metal batteries (LMBs) are garnering attention as a next‐generation battery technology that can surpass conventional Li‐ion batteries in terms of energy density and operational safety under the condition that the issue of uncontrolled Li dendrite is resolved. In this study, various plastic crystal‐embedded elastomer electrolytes (PCEEs) are investigated with different phase‐separated structures, prepared by systematically adjusting the volume ratio of the phases, to elucidate the structure‐property‐electrochemical performance relationship of the PCEE in the LMBs. At an optimal volume ratio of elastomer phase to plastic‐crystal phase (i.e., 1:1), bicontinuous‐structured PCEE, consisting of efficient ion‐conducting, plastic‐crystal pathways with long‐range connectivity within a crosslinked elastomer matrix, exhibits exceptionally high ionic conductivity (≈10−3 S cm−1) at 20 °C and excellent mechanical resilience (elongation at break ≈ 300%). A full cell featuring this optimized PCEE, a 35 µm thick Li anode, and a high loading LiNi0.83Mn0.06Co0.11O2 (NMC‐83) cathode delivers a high energy density of 437 Wh kganode+cathode+electrolyte−1. The established structure–property–electrochemical performance relationship of the PCEE for solid‐state LMBs is expected to inform the development of the elastomeric electrolytes for various electrochemical energy systems.
Nanoscale TEM Imaging of Hydrogel Network Architecture
Authors: Kiyama Ryuji , Yoshida Masahiro , Nonoyama Takayuki , Sedlačík Tomáš , Jinnai Hiroshi , Kurokawa Takayuki , Nakajima Tasuku , Gong Jian Ping 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this work, the authors succeed in direct visualization of the network structure of synthetic hydrogels with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) by developing a novel staining and network fixation method. Such a direct visualization is not carried out because sample preparation and obtaining sufficient contrast are challenging for these soft materials. TEM images reveal robust heterogeneous network architectures at mesh size scale and defects at micro‐scale. TEM images also reveal the presence of abundant dangling chains on the surface of the hydrogel network. The real space structural information provides a comprehensive perspective that links bulk properties with a nanoscale network structure, including fracture, adhesion, sliding friction, and lubrication. The presented method has the potential to advance the field.