bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated UPLC-MS and Network Pharmacology Approach to Explore the Active Components and the Potential Mechanism of Yiqi Huoxue Decoction for Treating Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: Feng Dan , Li Xiang-Ri , Wang Zhao-Yi , Gu Nian-Nian , Zhang Shuang-Xi , Li Chao-Feng , Chen Yang , Ma Zhi-Qiang , Lin Rui-Chao , Zhang Hong-Gui , Zhao Chongjun 
Published: February 2022

Background: Yiqi Huoxue Decoction (YQHXD) is a traditional Chinese medicine that promotes blood circulation, removes blood stasis, facilitates diuresis, and alleviates edema. It is composed of 10 herbal medicines and has extensive application in treating nephrotic syndrome (NS). However, the active components and the potential mechanism of YQHXD for treating NS remain unclear.Methods: We set up a sensitive and rapid method based on Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatograph-Mass (UPLC-MS) to identify the compounds in YQHXD and constituents absorbed into the blood. Disease genes were collected through GeneCards, DisGeNET, and OMIM database. Genes of compounds absorbed into blood were predicted by the TCMSP database. We constructed Disease-Drug-Ingredient-Gene (DDIG) network using Cytoscape, established a Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network using String, Gene biological process (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis was performed using DAVID. Cellular experiments were performed to validate the results of network pharmacology.Result: A total of 233 compounds in YQHXD and 50 constituents absorbed into the blood of rats were identified. The 36 core targets in the PPI network were clustered in the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase-RAC serine/threonine-protein kinase (PI3K-AKT) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathways. Luteolin, Wogonin, Formononetin, and Calycosin were top-ranking components as potentially active compounds.Conclusion: The results of our studies show that YQHXD is able to enhance renal function, alleviate podocyte injury, and improve adriamycin nephrotic syndrome.
A Questionnaire on Relative Deprivation of University Students and Its Application in Measuring Mental Health
Authors: Jia Liuzhan 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveRelative deprivation is associated with collective and individual variables in psychology. However, so far, there are few studies on measuring the relative deprivation of university students. Therefore, this study designs the University Students’ Relative Deprivation Questionnaire (USRDQ), verifies its validity and reliability, and then uses it to measure the mental health of students.MethodsAfter reviewing the relevant studies and conducting a theoretical analysis and an open questionnaire survey, this article determined the structural dimension of USRDQ. A total of 103 university students were selected to take the open questionnaire survey, 200 were selected to engage in the item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and internal consistency reliability test, 257 were selected to engage in the confirmatory factor analysis, and 287 were selected to take the retest reliability.ResultsThe USRDQ includes 19 items under the three dimensions, namely, social comparison, cognitive evaluation, and emotional experience. Factor loads range from 0.49 to 0.87, which accounted for 63.39% of the total variation. The questionnaire has good fitting indicators (χ2/df = 2.64, NFI = 0.89, CFI = 0.93, GFI = 0.91, RMSEA = 0.08). The Cronbach’s α coefficient of the questionnaire is 0.916, and the coefficients of the three factors range from 0.805 to 0.934. The results of the survey show that the relative deprivation of students is quite high with a mean of 76.78 and a standard deviation of 16.96.
Childhood Maltreatment, Mental Well-Being, and Healthy Lifestyle in Patients With Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Lepsy Nicole , Dering Madelaine-Rachel , Fuge Jan , Meltendorf Tanja , Hoeper Marius M. , Heitland Ivo , Kamp Jan C. , Park Da-Hee , Richter Manuel J. , Gall Henning , Ghofrani Hossein A. , Ellermeier Dietmar , Kulla Hans-Dieter , Olsson Karen M. , Kahl Kai G. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionChronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a potentially life-threatening condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. However, advances in medical, surgical and interventional treatment have markedly improved the outcome of patients with CTEPH. Additional factors potentially influencing quality of life (QoL) and outcome in CTEPH are yet to be defined. Child maltreatment is a major risk factor for unfavorable behavioral, mental as well as physical health outcomes and has been associated with decreased QoL. To date, no study assessed the impact of childhood trauma in patients with CTEPH.MethodsPatients with CTEPH were invited to complete the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Data were compared to prevalence data from the German population. Mental well-being was assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and quality of life was measured using the WHO Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL). Furthermore, lifestyle factors and physical health parameters were studied.Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate a possible impact of child maltreatment on markers of disease severity.ResultsOne-hundred and seven patients with CTEPH completed the CTQ. These patients reported higher rates of emotional abuse and physical abuse and emotional neglect compared to the German population while rates of physical neglect and sexual abuse did not differ between patients and German population with prevalence of 20.6% for emotional abuse, 20% for physical abuse, 22% for emotional neglect, 46% for physical neglect, and 6% for sexual abuse in patients with CTEPH. Higher CTQ scores were associated with anxiety symptoms as well as negatively associated with QoL. No direct impact of childhood trauma on CTEPH severity was found.ConclusionWe found a higher rate of child maltreatment in patients with CTEPH in comparison to the German population. Correlations suggest moderate associations between CTQ scores and mental health and QoL. Child maltreatment had no significant impact on disease severity. Further investigation on proper interventions to support affected patients is needed.
A Qualitative Assessment of Studies Evaluating the Classification Accuracy of Personnel Using START in Disaster Triage: A Scoping Review
Authors: Wisnesky Uirá Duarte , Kirkland Scott W. , Rowe Brian H. , Campbell Sandra , Franc Jeffrey Michael 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundMass casualty incidents (MCIs) can occur as a consequence of a wide variety of events and often require overwhelming prehospital and emergency support and coordinated emergency response. A variety of disaster triage systems have been developed to assist health care providers in making difficult choices with regards to prioritization of victim treatment. The simple triage and rapid treatment (START) triage system is one of the most widely used triage algorithms; however, the research literature addressing real-world or simulation studies documenting the classification accuracy of personnel using START is lacking.Aims and ObjectivesTo explore the existing literature related to the current state of knowledge about studies assessing the classification accuracy of the START triage system.DesignScoping review based on Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework and narrative synthesis based on methods described by Popay and colleagues were performed.ResultsThe literature search identified 1,820 citations, of which 32 studies met the inclusion criteria. Thirty were peer-reviewed articles and 28 published in the last 10 years (i.e., 2010 and onward). Primary research studies originated in 13 countries and included 3,706 participants conducting triaging assessments involving 2,950 victims. Included studies consisted of five randomized controlled trials, 17 non-randomized controlled studies, eight descriptive studies, and two mixed-method studies. Simulation techniques, mode of delivery, contextual features, and participants' required skills varied among studies. Overall, there was no consistent reporting of outcomes across studies and results were heterogeneous. Data were extracted from the included studies and categorized into two themes: (1) typology of simulations and (2) START system in MCIs simulations. Each theme contains sub-themes regarding the development of simulation employing START as a system for improving individuals' preparedness. These include types of simulation training, settings, and technologies. Other sub-themes include outcome measures and reference standards.ConclusionThis review demonstrates a variety of factors impacting the development and implementation of simulation to assess characteristics of the START system. To further improve simulation-based assessment of triage systems, we recommend the use of reporting guidelines specifically designed for health care simulation research. In particular, reporting of reference standards and test characteristics need to improve in future studies.
Self-Reported Patient Compliance With Physician Advised Lifestyle Behavior Changes Among Adults With Musculoskeletal Conditions
Authors: Chen Jason N. , Dennis Jeff A. , St. John Julie A. , Shen Chwan-Li 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionApproximately half of adult Americans suffer from musculoskeletal disorders (MSD). Significant risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders include poor diet, obesity, and insufficient physical activity. Studies show that lifestyle change education and interventions reduce MSD risk factors. However, little is known about the relationship between physician advice for behavior change and reported behavior change by MSD patients. This study explored the association between physician advice for lifestyle change and reported change in MSD patients, as well as the effects that patient education levels have on compliance.MethodsThis study used data from the 2017 National Health Interview Survey, a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of non-institutionalized US adults. The research team limited analysis to adults who reported a limitation due to musculoskeletal problems (n = 2,672). Outcomes included physician recommendations to increase physical activity, reduce fat/calories, or lose weight, and whether they enacted these behavioral changes. Adjusted logistic regression models examined whether compliance with doctor's instructions differed by education level.ResultsAdjusted models show patients advised to change physical activity, diet, and weight were more likely to report attempted behavior change. Education was positively associated with likelihood of complying with physician advice to increase physical activity. Among patients not advised to change behaviors by a physician, education was positively associated with current behavior change attempts.ConclusionThis study suggests that physician recommendations are relevant predictors of reported behavior change in individuals with MSD. Although education plays an important role in this association, the relationship is complex and multifaceted. Future studies should explore how compliance may be impacted by other factors, such as physician message type.
Lung Cancer in a Patient With Pulmonary Artery Sling: A Case Report
Authors: Mi Jiahui , Wang Xun , Li Xiao , Liu Yanguo , Jiang Guanchao , Yang Feng 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionPulmonary artery sling (PAS) is a rare congenital vascular anomaly that results when the left pulmonary artery arises from the right pulmonary artery. There is little relevant literature on lobectomy for the treatment of lung cancer in patients with PAS, and the prognosis is unknown.Case DescriptionA 54-year-old asymptomatic man was found to have a nodule on the left lower lobe of the lung, which measured 2.5 cm. The patient also had PAS. Three-dimensional computed tomography angiography confirmed that the left pulmonary artery arose from the right pulmonary artery and passed between the main trachea and the esophagus toward the left thorax. No obvious contraindication was found in the preoperative examination, and the patient successfully underwent lobectomy of the left lower lobe by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. Histological examination of the lesion revealed invasive adenocarcinoma. The postoperative course was uneventful, and no complications occurred in the subsequent 3 years of follow-up.ConclusionsLobectomy in a lung cancer patient with PAS did not increase perioperative risk and had no significant effect on prognosis.
Asymptotic Analysis of Low Energy Extremals with Γ-Convergence in Variable Exponent Lebesgue Spaces
Authors: Siddique Adil , Shekhovtsov Andrii , Bashir Zia , Sałabun Wojciech 
Published: February 2022

In many physical models, internal energy will run out without external energy sources. Therefore, finding optimal energy sources and studying their behavior are essential issues. In this article, we study the following variational problem: Gϵ∗=sup∫ΩG(u)ϵq(x)dx:∥∇u∥Lp(.)≤ϵ,u=0 on ∂Ω, with the help of Γ-convergence, where G:R→R is upper semicontinuous, non zero in the L1 sense, 0≤G(u)≤c|u|q(.), Ω is a bounded open subset of Rn, n≥3, 1<p(.)<n, and p(.)≤q(.)≤p∗(.). For special choices of G, we can study Bernoulli’s free-boundary and plasma problems in variable exponent Lebesgue spaces.
Endometriosis and Isthmocele: Common or Rare?
Authors: Gulz Marietta , Imboden Sara , Nirgianakis Konstantinos , Siegenthaler Franziska , Rau Tilman T. , Mueller Michael D. 
Published: February 2022

Higher cesarean section rates and better ultrasound diagnostics have led to a more frequent diagnosis of isthmocele, a cesarean scar defect. Sometimes, endometriosis is found in the isthmocele, but simultaneous extrauterine endometriosis and endometriosis in the isthmocele have not yet been reported. Additionally, the surgical technique to repair the isthmocele is the subject of ongoing controversy. The aim of this study is to analyze a possible correlation between uterine scar (isthmocele) endometriosis and extrauterine endometriosis and to investigate the outcome of laparoscopic isthmocele resection in the rendezvous technique. In this single-center retrospective study, we included 83 women of reproductive age with symptomatic isthmocele undergoing laparoscopic isthmocele repair in rendezvous technique from 2004 to 2020 at the University of Bern. We collected data on patient and surgical characteristics as well as on postoperative outcomes (symptoms, further pregnancy, and pregnancy outcomes) retrospectively. We analyzed and compared these data for patients with and without endometriosis. Endometriosis was diagnosed during surgery in 22 out of 83 operated patients (26.5%). Diagnosis of isthmocele endometriosis (n = 9, 11%) was significantly higher in patients with extrauterine endometriosis (n = 6, p = 0.004). While the duration of surgery was significantly longer for patients with endometriosis (p = 0.006), the groups did not differ with regard to blood loss or complications. In addition, both groups showed similar indications for isthmocele repair (infertility, abnormal uterine bleeding, or dysmenorrhea). Surgery significantly improved abnormal uterine bleeding (χ2 p < 0.001), dysmenorrhea (χ2, p = 0.03), and infertility (χ2, p < 0.001). Regardless of the presence of endometriosis, 25 of 40 (63%) infertile patients became pregnant after surgery. In one out of eight pregnancies, however, we observed scar complications during pregnancy such as uterine scar pregnancy (n = 3), uterine scar dehiscence (n = 3), and placenta previa (n = 1). Endometriosis is a non-negligible intraoperative finding in patients with symptomatic isthmocele. The laparoscopic approach in the rendezvous technique is safe and effective. Therefore, this method should be recommended, especially in women with secondary infertility, and preoperatively simultaneous endometriosis resection should be discussed with the patient. In follow-up, postoperative pregnancies have to be monitored with care.
Undergraduate medical teaching with remote consultations in general practice: a realist evaluation
Authors: Al-bedaery Roaa , Chaudhry Umar Ahmed Riaz , Jones Melvyn , Noble Lorraine , Ibison Judith 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundSupervisors historically educated students in primary care in face-to-face contexts; as a result of COVID-19, students now experience patient consultations predominantly remotely. There is a paucity of evidence regarding the facilitators and barriers to supervising students for excellent educational impact in the remote consultation environment.AimTo understand the facilitators and barriers to educating medical students using remote consultations in primary care, and the consequences for students in terms of educational impact.Design & settingA realist evaluation methodology was adopted to identify causal chains of contexts, mechanisms, and outcomes, describing how the teaching and learning functioned on a sample of medical students and GP tutors from two medical schools in London, UK.MethodAn initial programme theory was developed from the literature and a scoping exercise informed the data collection tools. Qualitative data were collected through online questionnaires (49 students, 19 tutors) and/or a semi-structured interview (eight students, two tutors). The data were coded to generate context–mechanisms–outcome configurations outlining how the teaching and learning operated.ResultsThe results demonstrated a sequential style of supervision can positively impact student engagement and confidence, and highlighted a need to address student preparation for remote patient examinations. Students found passive observation of remote patient encounters disengaging, and, in addition, reported isolation that impacted negatively on their experiences and perceptions of primary care.ConclusionStudent and tutor experiences may improve through considering the supervision style adopted by tutors, and through interventions to reduce student isolation and disengagement when using remote patient consultations in primary care.
The Association Between Abdominal Fat, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Clinical Markers of Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: J Moncada-Jiménez , F Araya-Ramírez , J. K Taylor , P.W Grandjean 
Published: February 2022

Our purpose was to determine the association between abdominal fat and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) on markers of metabolic syndrome (MetS) total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), glucose, and blood pressure. We conducted a retrospective study on 165 adults (108 men) in which correlations between waist girth (WG), CRF and blood variables were determined. The cohort was partitioned by gender into quartiles and again by WG and differences in markers of MetS were compared across quartiles by ANOVA and by ANCOVA to determine the influence of CRF. Males in the lowest WG quartile exhibited greater HDL-C and lower diastolic blood pressure vs. the highest quartile (p < 0.05). TG were lower in the lowest vs. the third and highest quartile (p < 0.05), and glucose was greater in the highest vs. the first and second quartiles (p < 0.05). Females in the second WG quartile exhibited higher HDL-C vs. the highest quartile, and TG, glucose, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were lower in the lowest vs. the highest quartile (p < 0.05). After adjusting for CRF, diastolic blood pressure across WG in males were no longer significant, and HLD-C and TG quartile differences were no longer significant in females. We confirm WG as an important correlate of clinical markers of MetS in adults. CRF mitigates relationships between WG and clinical markers of cardio-metabolic risk in men and women.
Botulism or Stroke: Difficulties in Differential Diagnosis. Clinical Cases
Authors: Шостакович-Корецкая Л.Р. , Шевченко-Макаренко О.П. , Галущенко С.А. , Росицкая О.А. , Ляхова Е.Ю. 
Published: February 2022

Заболеваемость ботулизмом остается актуальной проблемой в инфектологии. Дифференциальная диагностика ботулизма и неврологических нарушений, в частности инсульта у возрастных пациентов, является одним из злободневных вопросов, и связанная с этим последующая тактика лечебных мероприятий служит фактором прогноза выживаемости и смертности от этих нозологических форм у пациентов. Представлены клинические случаи таких заболеваний, как ботулизм и инсульт в Днепропетровской области Украины. Отмечены сложности иошибки диагностического алгоритма, оценки данных дополнительных исследований у пациентов при постановке диагнозов врачами первичного звена и специалистами вторичного итретичного уровней медицинской помощи. Проведен анализ уровня заболеваемости ботулизмом в регионе и в Украине за последние годы. Изучен алгоритм оказания медицинской помощи пациентам с ботулизмом. Приведенные клинические случаи помогут врачам-практикам (семейным врачам, неврологам, инфекционистам) в повседневной деятельности и позволят иметь настороженность в плане проведения дифференциальной диагностики пациентов с инсультом или ботулизмом, помогут в выборе правильной лечебной тактики и предотвращении неблагоприятного исхода и негативных отдаленных последствий заболевания. В период пандемии COVID-19 мы видим, что владение знаниями клинических проявлений многих инфекционных нозологических форм необходимо врачам любых специальностей для эффективного менеджмента пациентов.
The incidence of botulism remains an urgent problem in infectious diseases. Differential diagnosis of botulism and neurological disorders, in particular, stroke in elderly patients, is one of the burning issues and the associated subsequent tactics of therapeutic measures serves as a predictor of survival and mortality from these nosological forms in patients. Clinical cases of diseases such as botulism and stroke in the Dnipropetrovsk region in Ukraine are presented. The difficulties and errors of the diagnostic algorithm, the assessment of additional research data in patients when making diagnoses by primary care physicians and specialists of the secondary and tertiary levels of medical care are noted. The analysis of the incidence rate of botulism in the region and in Ukraine in recent years has been carried out. The algorithm for providing medical care to patients with botulism has been studied. These clinical cases will help practitioners (family doctors, neurologists, infectious disease specialists) in their daily activities and will allow them to be alert in terms of differential diagnosis of patients with stroke or botulism, to choose the correct treatment tactics and prevent an unfavorable outcome and negative long-term consequences of the disease. During the COVID-19 pandemic, we see that knowledge of the clinical manifestations of many infectious nosological forms is necessary for doctors of all specialties for effective patient management.
Hormonal Contraception: to Prohibit or Not when Venous Thromboembolic Complications Occur (Literary Review)
Authors: Зуховицкая Е.В. , Кажина М.В. , Курстак И.А. 
Published: February 2022

Гормональная контрацепция (ГК) является ведущим надежным методом контроля за рождаемостью во всем мире. Несмотря на длительный опыт клинических и лабораторных наблюдений, актуальным остается вопрос индуцированных осложнений и побочных эффектов ГК. Наименее предсказуемым событием является риск и реализация венозных тромбоэмболических осложнений (ВТЭО), что может привести к серьезным осложнениям здоровья, потребовать оперативного лечения или даже привести к летальному исходу. В статье приведен обзорнаиболее авторитетных научных источников, касающихся возможности применения ГК у пациентов с риском ВТЭО.
Hormonal contraception (HC) is the leading evident birth control method in the world. Despite the great experience of clinical and laboratory observations, the induced complications and side effects of HC are the point of actual scientific research. The least predictable event is the risk and realization of venous thrombotic complications (VTC), which can provoke health disturbances, lead to surgical procedures and even cause death. The article represents an overview of the most authoritative scientific sources concerning possibilities of HC usage in patients with the risk of VTC.