bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alexander Rüstow
Authors: Kolev Stefan , Goldschmidt Nils 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This chapter reconstructs the life and work of Alexander Rüstow (1885–1963), a key member of the first Ordoliberal generation. As a gifted networker in Berlin during the 1920s and early 1930s, he connected political economists of various ideological backgrounds. As a public intellectual, he suggested reforms for the ailing Weimar Republic, a testimony of which is his address to the Verein für Socialpolitik in September 1932. After his emigration to Istanbul in 1933, Rüstow focused on a historical diagnosis of the civilisation which was on the brink of extinction, and Das Versagen des Wirtschaftsliberalismus (The Failure of Economic Liberalism) is a key document in this regard. After returning to Germany in 1949, he finished his monumental Ortsbestimmung der Gegenwart (The Coordinates of the Present Times) and resumed his role as a vocal public intellectual in the young Federal Republic.
Can Internet-Delivered Pain Management Programs Reduce Psychological Distress in Chronic Pain? Exploring Relationships Between Anxiety and Depression, Pain Intensity, and Disability
Authors: Bisby Madelyne A , Chandra Shianika S , Dudeney Joanne , Scott Amelia J , Titov Nickolai , Dear Blake F 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Adults with chronic pain who also report high pain intensity and disability are more likely to experience depression and anxiety symptoms. The present study examined changes in anxiety and depression symptoms after an Internet-delivered pain management program based on baseline pain intensity and disability severity categories.

Methods
We conducted a secondary analysis of data from four randomized controlled trials (N = 1,333).

Results
Greater pain intensity and disability were associated with increased odds of elevated anxiety or depression symptoms at baseline. Treatment led to greater reductions in anxiety and depression symptoms compared with a waitlist control, and these improvements occurred irrespective of baseline pain intensity or disability severity. Those individuals who reported ≥30% improvements in pain intensity or disability after treatment were more likely to also report ≥30% improvements in psychological symptoms. Importantly, most participants who achieved ≥30% improvements in depression and anxiety had not experienced such improvements in pain intensity or disability.

Conclusion
These findings suggest that emerging Internet-delivered pain management programs can lead to reductions in psychological distress even when pain intensity and disability are severe or do not improve with treatment. This indicates the value of such treatments in treating distress and improving mental health in people with chronic pain.
Size Reduction of the Right Amygdala in Chronic Pain Patients with Emotional Stress: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chen Meng-Hsiang , Sun Cheuk-Kwan , Lin I-Mei , Suen Mein-Woei , Sue Yu-Ru , Chen I-Ling , Lin Chih-Lung , Yeh Pin-Yang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The structural impact of chronic pain on amygdala in chronic pain (CP) patients remains unclear, although major depression and anxiety are known to be associated with its increase and decrease in size, respectively. This study aimed at examining the relationship between emotional stress and amygdala size in CP patients. The effects of mediating and moderating variables were also examined. The PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched for English clinical trials from inception to February 2022 using the appropriate keyword strings. We compared the differences in amygdala size assessed with magnetic resonance imaging between CP patients with emotional stress and healthy counterparts. Of the 49 full-text articles identified, 13 studies enrolling 1,551 participants including 738 CP patients with emotional stress and 813 controls were analyzed. Emotional stress evaluated with questionnaires based on Beck depression inventory, Hamilton depression/anxiety scale, state-trait anxiety inventory, and hospital anxiety and depression scale revealed significant differences between CP patients with emotional stress and controls, indicating a subclinical but significant level of emotional stress in CP patients. The results demonstrated an amygdala shrinkage among CP patients with emotional stress compared to the controls, especially the right side (P = .02). Besides, pain from a single body region was more likely to impact the amygdala size compared to diffuse pain (P = .02). Regression analysis revealed no significant association between continuous variables (age, gender, pain duration/intensity) and amygdala size. Our findings demonstrated that emotional stress was associated with a reduced right amygdala size in CP patients.
Biomechanical Phenotyping of Chronic Low Back Pain: Protocol for BACPAC
Authors: Quirk D Adam , Johnson Marit E , Anderson Dennis E , Smuck Matthew , Sun Ruopeng , Matthew Robert , Bailey Jeannie , Marras William S , Bell Kevin M , Darwin Jessa , Bowden Anton E 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objective
Biomechanics represents the common final output through which all biopsychosocial constructs of back pain must pass, making it a rich target for phenotyping. To exploit this feature, several sites within the NIH Back Pain Consortium (BACPAC) have developed biomechanics measurement and phenotyping tools. The overall aims of this article were to: 1) provide a narrative review of biomechanics as a phenotyping tool; 2) describe the diverse array of tools and outcome measures that exist within BACPAC; and 3) highlight how leveraging these technologies with the other data collected within BACPAC could elucidate the relationship between biomechanics and other metrics used to characterize low back pain (LBP).

Methods
The narrative review highlights how biomechanical outcomes can discriminate between those with and without LBP, as well as among levels of severity of LBP. It also addresses how biomechanical outcomes track with functional improvements in LBP. Additionally, we present the clinical use case for biomechanical outcome measures that can be met via emerging technologies.

Results
To answer the need for measuring biomechanical performance, our “Results” section describes the spectrum of technologies that have been developed and are being used within BACPAC.

Conclusion and Future Directions
The outcome measures collected by these technologies will be an integral part of longitudinal and cross-sectional studies conducted in BACPAC. Linking these measures with other biopsychosocial data collected within BACPAC increases our potential to use biomechanics as a tool for understanding the mechanisms of LBP, phenotyping unique LBP subgroups, and matching these individuals with an appropriate treatment paradigm.
Fetal blockade of nicotinic acetylcholine transmission causes autism-like impairment of biological motion preference in the neonatal chick
Authors: Matsushima Toshiya , Miura Momoko , Patzke Nina , Toji Noriyuki , Wada Kazuhiro , Ogura Yukiko , Homma Koichi J , Sgadò Paola , Vallortigara Giorgio 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Several environmental chemicals are suspected risk factors for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), including valproic acid (VPA) and pesticides acting on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), if administered during pregnancy. However, their target processes in fetal neuro-development are unknown. We report that the injection of VPA into the fetus impaired imprinting to an artificial object in neonatal chicks, while a predisposed preference for biological motion (BM) remained intact. Blockade of nAChRs acted oppositely, sparing imprinting and impairing BM preference. Beside ketamine and tubocurarine, significant effects of imidacloprid (a neonicotinoid insecticide) appeared at a dose ≤1 ppm. In accord with the behavioral dissociations, VPA enhanced histone acetylation in the primary cell culture of fetal telencephalon, whereas ketamine did not. VPA reduced the brain weight and the ratio of NeuN-positive cells (matured neurons) in the telencephalon of hatchlings, whereas ketamine/tubocurarine did not. Despite the distinct underlying mechanisms, both VPA and nAChR blockade similarly impaired imprinting to biological image composed of point-light animations. Furthermore, both impairments were abolished by postnatal bumetanide treatment, suggesting a common pathology underlying the social attachment malformation. Neurotransmission via nAChR is thus critical for the early social bond formation, which is hindered by ambient neonicotinoids through impaired visual predispositions for animate objects.
Temporal and Spatial Dynamics of Bacterial and Fungal Microbiomes in Nursery Soils Post-Steaming
Authors: Crandall Sharifa G. , Miles Asha M. , Chung Taejung , Cloutier Mara L. , García-Rodríguez Raymond , Schweigkofler Wolfgang , Couradeau Estelle 
Published: October 2022

A major concern for plant nurseries and land stewards is managing pathogens that induce soilborne diseases. Plant diseases cost nurseries millions of dollars in lost revenue and plant pathogens spread into the environment from nursery soil used for out-plantings. Recent research shows that steaming soil at high temperatures can effectively kill plant pathogens; however, few studies have investigated the influence of steaming on the soil microbiome, an essential component of plant health. We conducted a controlled experiment where nursery soil underwent a steaming event within a rectangular mesocosm (2.04 × 3.55 × 0.25 m) located at the National Ornamentals Research Site at Dominican University (NORS-DUC) (San Rafael, CA, U.S.A.). Soil samples were collected at four time points post-steaming. Thirty-two soil samples were used for DNA extraction and 18 for chemical analysis. The 16S rRNA gene and ITS genetic markers were used for amplicon-based sequencing to identify the bacterial and fungal soil communities. Results indicate that microbial diversity and composition shifted over time but that soil depth was not an important factor. Important bacterial taxa were the Firmicutes, especially 1 day post-steaming, and common fungal taxa included Aspergillus sp., Cladosporium sp., and Pseudallescheria sp. Plant nutrients such as B, C, Cl, K, Mg, SO4, and Zn, in addition to essential soil properties such as CEC, gypsum, moisture, and SAR, changed significantly with soil recovery. These results can help nursery practitioners make informed decisions for biotic and nutrient amendments post-steaming to promote soil and plant health. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Lipid Lowering in “Very High Risk” Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery and Its Projected Reduction in Risk for Recurrent Vascular Events: A Monte Carlo Stepwise Simulation Approach
Authors: Deo Salil , Ueda Peter , Sheikh Adil Muhammad , Altarabsheh Salah , Elgudin Yakov , Rubelowsky Joseph , Cmolik Brian , Hawkins Neil , McAllister David , Ruel Marc , Sattar Naveed , Pell Jill 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
2018 AHA guidelines provide criteria to identify patients at very high risk (VHR) for adverse vascular events and recommend an low density lipoprotein-C (LDL-C) level <1.8 mmol/L. Data regarding the 10-year risk for adverse vascular events in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients at VHR and the need for nonstatin therapies in the VHR cohort are limited. We queried a national cohort of CABG patients to answer these questions. The projected reduction of LDL-C from stepwise escalation of lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) was simulated; Monte Carlo methods were used to account for patient-level heterogeneity in treatment effects. Data on preoperative statin therapy and LDL-C levels were obtained. In the first scenario, all eligible patients not at target LDL-C received high-intensity statins, followed by ezetimibe and then alirocumab; alternatively, bempedoic acid was also used. The 10-year risk for an adverse vascular event was estimated using a validated risk score. Potential risk reduction was estimated after simulating maximal LLT. Before CABG, 8948 of 27,443 patients (median LDL-C 85 mg/dL) were at VHR. In the whole cohort, 31% were receiving high-intensity statins. With stepwise LLT escalation, the proportion of patients at target were 60%, 78%, 86%, and 97% after high-intensity statins, ezetimibe, bempedoic acid, and alirocumab, respectively. The projected 10-year risk to suffer a vascular event reduced by 4.6%. A large proportion of CABG patients who are at VHR for vascular events fail to meet 2018 AHA LDL-C targets. A stepwise approach, particularly with the use of bempedoic acid, can significantly reduce the need for more expensive proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin 9 inhibitors.
Intraoperative “Spare Parts”: A Novel High-fidelity Suturing Model for Trainees
Authors: Pardell Noah , Dumestre Danielle 
Published: October 2022

Summary:
Many models exist to help the medical student learn how to suture at a competency level required to progress to suturing on patients. However, these models do not readily simulate the qualities of live human tissue. We propose a simple intraoperative high-fidelity model that places the excised autologous patient tissue (eg, panniculectomy and breast reduction) on a sterile side table to allow the trainee to practice their skills alongside the staff surgeon on comparable tissue for the remainder of the case. We believe that the adoption of this practice allows a unique opportunity for medical students to advance their suturing techniques in a low-stress environment with staff surgeon guidance, further preparing them to perform high-quality closures on live patients.
Cytokine Profiling in Influenza A Virus and Staphylococcal (Co-)Infections
Authors: Tölken Lea A. , Paulikat Antje D. , Cuypers Fabian , Skorka Sebastian B. , Hammerschmidt Sven , Siemens Nikolai 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Influenza A virus and Staphylococcus aureus are common causative agents of pneumonia. Co-infections with these two pathogens frequently occur and are characterized, among others, by higher morbidity and mortality due to hyper-inflammation of the lungs. Here, we aimed to profile systemic and local cytokine composition at early acute stages of pneumonia in a murine model. All mice recovered from single influenza A virus and/or staphylococcal infections. In contrast, co-infections led to a severe clinical outcome. While distinct cytokine patterns were detected in lungs of single-pathogen-infected animals, co-infections combined both virus- and bacteria-driven responses. However, analyses of infected human primary monocytic cells as well as bronchial epithelial cells did not reflect murine profiles. Based on infectious dose, mainly bacteria-driven responses were noted. The impact of single cells to cytokine composition of the lungs and translation of murine studies to humans remains uncertain and warrants further studies.
Sleep disruption and activation of cellular inflammation mediate heightened pain sensitivity: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Irwin Michael R. , Olmstead Richard , Bjurstrom Martin F. , Finan Patrick H. , Smith Michael T. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Sleep loss heightens pain sensitivity, but the pathways underlying this association are not known. Given that experimental sleep disruption induces increases in cellular inflammation as well as selective loss of slow wave, N3 sleep, this study examined whether these mechanisms contribute to pain sensitivity following sleep loss in healthy adults. This assessor-blinded, cross-over sleep condition, single-site, randomized clinical trial enrolled 95 healthy adults (mean [SD] age, 27.8 [6.4]; female, 44 [53.7%]). The 2 sleep conditions were 2 nights of undisturbed sleep (US) and 2 nights of sleep disruption or forced awakening (FA, 8 pseudorandomly distributed awakenings and 200 minutes wake time during the 8-hour sleep opportunity), administered in a cross-over design after 2 weeks of washout and in a random order (FA-US; US-FA). Primary outcome was heat pain threshold (hPTH). Sleep architecture was assessed by polysomnography, and morning levels of cellular inflammation were evaluated by Toll-like receptor-4 stimulated monocyte intracellular proinflammatory cytokine production. As compared with US, FA was associated with decreases in the amount of slow wave or N3 sleep (P < 0.001), increases in Toll-like receptor-4 stimulated production of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (P = 0.03), and decreases in hPTH (P = 0.02). A comprehensive causal mediation analysis found that FA had an indirect effect on hPTH by decreases in N3 sleep and subsequent increases in inflammation (estimate=−0.15; 95% confidence interval, −0.30 to −0.03; P < 0.05) with the proportion mediated 34.9%. Differential loss of slow wave, N3 sleep, and increases in cellular inflammation are important drivers of pain sensitivity after sleep disruption.
Clinical Trials Registration: NCT01794689.
Endoscopic Ischial Tuberosity Osteophyte Resection for Treatment of Ischiofemoral Impingement: A Case Report
Authors: Ge Xingtao , Cheng Kai , Cao Fangfang , Wang Bin , Wang Xishan , Wang Chen , Li Changhui , Chen Longgang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Ischiofemoral impingement is a distinct pathologic finding with abnormal osseous contact between the ischium and the lesser trochanter of the femur. Lesser trochanter excision has been recommended for recalcitrant ischiofemoral impingement through an open or endoscopic approach; however, no study has included ischial tuberosity osteophyte resection and refixation of the hamstring tendon. We report an endoscopic procedure involving ischial tuberosity osteophyte resection with refixation of the partially detached hamstring insertion through a posterior approach in the prone position. Using this technique, it is easier to reach the lesion and less likely to injure the sciatic nerve. The postoperative pain score (visual analogy score) was significantly decreased, the modified Harris hip score increased from 39 preoperatively to 86 postoperatively, and there was no adverse effect on the hamstring tendon.
Anatomical structures and needling method of the back-shu points BL18, BL20, and BL22 related to gastrointestinal organs: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review of acupoints and exploratory mechanism analysis
Authors: Cho Yeonwoo , Han Yaejin , Kim Yeji , Han Sihyun , Oh Kichang , Chae Hyocheong , Hongmin Chu , Ryu Myungseok 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Acupuncture treatment on back-shu points (BSPs) has received attention owing its ability to control the function of visceral organs. We aimed to conduct a systematic review to provide detailed information on the effectiveness and safety of BL18, BL20, and BL22 on the digestive system in terms of soft tissue and anatomical structure and assist in the appropriate application.

Methods:
Medline, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, OASIS, RISS, and CNKI were searched from their inception to July 2021. This systematic review included randomized controlled trials, controlled clinical trials, case series, and case reports that addressed anatomical structures or needling methods of BL18, BL20, and BL22.

Results:
In total, 115 articles were included from the 7 electronic databases. One hundred eight articles described the depth and method. A total of 96 articles described depth, 86 articles described the angle, and 74 articles described both. Seventy-nine articles described the target muscles and anatomical structure. Acupuncture on BSP is effective in gastrointestinal diseases because of compression of the spinal nerve, sympathetic nerve hyperactivity, and connection of the diaphragm. By reviewing each study’s acupuncture method and target muscles, we analyzed the angle and depth of the needle that effectively leads to therapeutic response.

Conclusions:
This study provides guidance on applying needles in terms of anatomical structures to yield therapeutic responses. However, few studies have assessed how to effectively stimulate BSP to trigger digestive effects and their mechanisms. Additional studies on the relationship between BSP and the digestive system are needed to use these acupoints for digestive diseases.
The effect of probiotics on functional constipation in adults: A randomized, double-blind controlled trial
Authors: Mitelmão Fabiana Cristina Rosa , Häckel Karin , Bergamaschi Cristiane de Cássia , Gerenutti Marli , Silva Marcus Tolentino , Balcão Victor Manuel , Vila Marta Maria Duarte Carvalho 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Two formulations were developed in the form of an oral sachet containing probiotics, and their efficacy and safety were evaluated in adults with functional constipation.

Methods:
One formulation with Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus rhamnosus (3 billion Colony Forming Units - CFU); and another with Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus paracasei, Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium lactis, Lactobacillus casei, Bifidobacterium animallis (8 billion CFU). The participants were randomized in a 3-arm parallel study and one oral sachet was auto-administered once a day for 30 days.

Results:
Primary outcomes were improvement in increasing the frequency of weekly bowel movements and improvement in stool quality. Secondary outcomes were number of adverse events. In the first week one observed an increase in stool frequency and in the quality of stools, showing an improvement in constipation. No statistically significant differences were observed between the three treatment groups in relation to these outcomes (P ≥ .05). Only one adverse event was observed in a patient of group 2, related to abdominal pain.

Conclusion:
The two probiotic cocktails were effective in improving the symptoms of functional constipation, by increasing both the weekly frequency of evacuation and stool quality, and were deemed safe. Clinicaltrials.gov number: NCT04437147.