bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of mobile technology usage on cognitive, affective, and behavioural learning outcomes in primary and secondary education: A systematic review with meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Jingxian , Tigelaar Dineke E. H. , Zhou Tian , Admiraal Wilfried 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe impact of mobile technology usage on student learning in various educational stages has been the subject of ongoing empirical and review research. The most recent meta‐analyses on various types of mobile technology use for potential benefits of learning covered the empirical studies up to about nine years ago. Since then, the use of mobile technology in primary and secondary education has increased tremendously, and numerous empirical studies have been conducted on this topic, but their conclusions were inconsistent.ObjectivesThe purpose of this systematic review is to re‐examine this issue by meta‐analyzing the empirical research studies from the last nine years, with a focus on cognitive, affective, and behavioral learning outcomes in primary and secondary education, and to examine the potential moderators that may have contributed to the heterogeneity across findings.MethodsBased on our inclusion and exclusion criteria, we found 85 studies of 78 peer‐reviewed papers (N = 9157) from electronic databases and major journals in educational technology and mobile learning between 2014 and 2022. We then examined 15 moderators that were expected to affect student learning outcomes.Results and ConclusionsCompared with traditional technology and non‐technology groups, using mobile technology produced medium positive and statistically significant effects on primary and secondary students' learning, in terms of cognitive (g = 0.498, 95% CI [0.382, 0.614]), affective (g = 0.449, 95% CI [0.301, 0.598]) and behavioural (g = 0.339, 95% CI [0.051, 0.627]) learning outcomes. Further moderator analyses revealed that student factors (i.e., community type, students’ socioeconomic status), learning process (i.e., hardware used, student‐to‐hardware ratio, teaching method) and study quality (i.e., learning topic/content equivalence, degree of technology use in the control group) were among the variables that moderated the summary effect sizes for at least one learning outcome dimension significantly. The findings and their implications for researchers, policymakers and practitioners are discussed.
Systematic review and network meta‐analysis of different types of emollient for the prevention of atopic dermatitis in infants
Authors: Liang Junqin , Hu Fengxia , Tang Hongbo , Jiang Fanhe , Sang Yingbing , Hong Yongzhen , Wang Qian , Nuer Kalibi , Kang Xiaojing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractProphylactic application of emollients has been an effective strategy against infant atopic dermatitis (AD); however, the difference of different emollients is unknown. We performed this network meta‐analysis to compare different emollients in preventing infant AD. A systematic search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane library to identify relevant studies from their inception through 28 February, 2022. We evaluated the quality of eligible studies using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool. Data analysis was performed using STATA 14.0. Eleven studies were included for data analysis. Direct meta‐analysis suggested that early application of emollients effectively prevented AD development in high‐risk infants (risk ratio [RR], 0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.47 to 0.88). Network meta‐analysis suggested that emollient emulsion might the better option for preventing infant AD development, with a surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) of 82.6% for all populations, 78.0% for high‐risk populations and 79.2% for populations with food sensitization. Moreover, subjects receiving emollients more frequently experienced adverse events. Overall, early application of emollients is an effective strategy for preventing AD development in high‐risk infants and emollient emulsion may be the optimal type. Future study with well‐designed and large scale are warranted to validate our findings.
Mapping access to care and identification of barriers for traumatic brain injury in a South African township
Authors: Owolabi Eyitayo O. , Nyamathe Samukelisiwe , Joseph Conran , Khuabi Lee‐Ann Jacobs‐Nzuzi , English Rene G. , Vlok Adriaan , Erasmus Elaine , Geduld Heike I. , Lategan Hendrick J. , Chu Kathryn M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRationaleSouth Africa has a high traumatic injury burden resulting in a significant number of persons suffering from traumatic brain injury (TBI). TBI is a time‐sensitive condition requiring a responsive and organized health system to minimize morbidity and mortality. This study outlined the barriers to accessing TBI care in a South African township.MethodsThis was a multimethod study. A facility survey was carried out on health facilities offering trauma care in Khayelitsha township, Cape Town, South Africa. Perceived barriers to accessing TBI care were explored using qualitative interviews and focus group discussions. The four‐delay framework that describes delays in four phases was used: seeking, reaching, receiving, and remaining in care. We purposively recruited individuals with a history of TBI (n = 6) and 15 healthcare professionals working with persons with TBI (seven individuals representing each of the five facilities, the heads of neurosurgery and emergency medical services and eight additional healthcare providers who participated in the focus group discussions). Quantitative data were analysed descriptively while qualitative data were analysed thematically, following inductive and deductive approaches.FindingsFive healthcare facilities (three community health centres, one district hospital and one tertiary hospital) were surveyed. We conducted 13 individual interviews (six with persons with TBI history, seven with healthcare providers from each of the five facilities, neurosurgery department and emergency medical service heads and two focus group discussions involving eight additional healthcare providers. Participants mentioned that alcohol abuse and high neighbourhood crime could lead to delays in seeking and reaching care. The most significant barriers reported were related to receiving definitive care, mostly due to a lack of diagnostic imaging at community health centres and the district hospital, delays in interfacility transfers due to ambulance delays and human and infrastructural limitations. A barrier to remaining in care was the lack of clear communication between persons with TBI and health facilities regarding follow‐up care.ConclusionOur study revealed that various individual‐level, community and health system factors impacted TBI care. Efforts to improve TBI care and reduce injury‐related morbidity and mortality must put in place more community‐level security measures, institute alcohol regulatory policies, improve access to diagnostics and invest in hospital infrastructures.
Oligodendrocyte lineage cells: Advances in development, disease, and heterogeneity
Authors: Wang Jia‐Qi , Gao Meng‐Yuan , Gao Rui , Zhao Ke‐Han , Zhang Yuan , Li Xing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) originate in the ventricular zone (VZ) of the brain and spinal cord, and their primary function is to differentiate into oligodendrocytes (OLs). Studies have shown that OPCs and OLs are pathologically and physiologically heterogeneous. Previous transcriptome analyses used Bulk RNA‐seq, which compares average gene expression in cells and does not allow for heterogeneity. In recent years, the development of single‐cell sequencing (scRNA‐seq) and single‐cell nuclear sequencing (snRNA‐seq) has allowed us to study an individual cell. In this review, sc/snRNA‐seq was used to study the different subpopulations of OL lineage cells, their developmental trajectories, and their applications in related diseases. These techniques can distinguish different subpopulations of cells, and identify differentially expressed genes in particular cell types under certain conditions, such as treatment or disease. It is of great significance to the study of the occurrence, prevention, and treatment of various diseases.image
Milk fatty acids as covariates in multiple regression analysis is a robust approach to model the decrease in milk fat concentration and yield in small ruminants
Authors: Padilha Charline G. , Ribeiro Claudio V. D. M. , Oliveira Dimas E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMilk fat depression (MFD) syndrome has been associated with the antilipogenic effects of trans‐10 fatty acids (FA), such as t10, c12‐CLA (CLA) and t10‐18:1 (T10). However, these FA alone cannot completely explain the changes in milk fat in small ruminants. Thus, the aim of this study was to use multiple regression analysis to evaluate other FA that may be related to shifts in milk fat, as well as to improve model accuracy when different milk FA are used as covariates in the models. Previously published data were used in multiple regression analysis for goats (n = 106) and ewes (n = 68). Body weight (BW), vaccenic acid (t11‐18:1), both trans‐10 FA and the major milk FA were tested as covariates to model four response variables associated with MFD: fat concentration (FC), percentage change in milk fat concentration (CFC; %), fat yield (FY; g/d) and percentage change in milk fat yield (CFY; %). All four multiple regression models were significant for both species. When compared with simple regression models, all multiple regression models improved accuracy when estimating MFD. The improvements in model accuracy (lower RMSE) for FC, CFC, FY and CFY were 60.6%, 43.3%, 35.6% and 44.4% for ewes, and 52.1%, 60.1%, 33.6% and 14.9% for goats respectively. Linolenic acid and t11‐18:1 were covariates in all models for goats, and palmitic acid and CLA were covariates in all ewe models. These FA should be investigated regarding their direct effect on gene expression associated with milk fat metabolism in the mammary gland of small ruminants. Multiple regression analysis is the most robust approach to account for the variation of milk fat and yield in goats and ewes.
Probing dual harm and non‐violent misconduct among imprisoned adult men in Northern Ireland
Authors: Butler Michelle , Kelly Dominic , McNamee Catherine B. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPurposeThis study examines the prevalence of dual harm (i.e. self‐harm and violence) among imprisoned adult men in Northern Ireland, the relationship between dual harm and non‐violent misconduct, while controlling for other known risk factors for misconduct, as well as how those who engage in dual harm may differ from other groups.MethodsUsing the administrative records of 892 adult men, descriptive statistics assessed the prevalence of dual harm. A negative binominal regression followed by predicted margins examined the relationship between dual harm and non‐violent misconduct accounting for controls. Additionally, a multinomial logistic regression was utilised to identify if those engaged in dual harm differed from others in terms of their characteristics and in‐prison experiences.ResultsThe findings indicate that 1‐in‐5 adult men were engaged in dual harm, with these men accounting for 72% of all non‐violent misconduct incidents examined. Dual harm was significantly related to an increased involvement in non‐violent misconduct compared to other harm histories (self‐harm only, violence only, or no harm) even when other known risk factors were considered. Those engaged in dual harm were also discovered to possess a number of characteristics that differ significantly from other groups.ConclusionThese findings strengthen emerging research indicating those who engage in dual harm are a distinct group that can be challenging to manage due to their increased involvement in misconduct and their multiple needs, which existing services and supports may be ill suited to address.
Research progress of odontogenic extracellular vesicles in regeneration of dental pulp
Authors: Li Yanan , Liu Chaoran , Han Guanghong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIt is well understood that maintaining viable pulp is critical for tooth retention. This review focused on cell‐free therapy based on extracellular vesicles (EVs), a novel minimally invasive treatment strategy for endodontic restoration. This study was conducted by searching mainstream electronic databases such as Web of Science and PubMed for relevant studies on the therapeutic role of odontogenic EVs in pulp healing published in the last five years. We selected 89 relevant articles and discovered that dental stem cells (DSCs) derived EVs (DSC‐EVs) have become a research hotspot in oral regenerative medicine, with significant advantages over cell transplantation in terms of low immunogenicity, ease of isolation, preservation, and management. Here, we introduce in detail the therapeutic effects of DSC‐EVs for pulp restoration from three perspectives: excellent odontogenic properties, clinical applications, and possible molecular mechanisms. This article contributes a new viewpoint to the field of regenerative endodontics.
Developmental trajectories at a high risk for childhood overweight/obesity
Authors: Yoshinaga Masao , Takahashi Hideto , Ito Yoshiya , Aoki Machiko , Miyazaki Ayumi , Kubo Toshihide , Shinomiya Masaki , Horigome Hitoshi , Tokuda Masakuni , Lin Lisheng , Ogata Hiromitsu , Nagashima Masami 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe associations between developmental patterns (trajectories) in children and maternal factors have been widely investigated, but paternal effects on these trajectories are unclear. This study aimed to determine child and parental factors involved in developmental trajectories at high risk for causing adverse cardiovascular (CV) profiles in children.MethodsWe analyzed longitudinal anthropometric data from birth to the present and CV profiles of 1,832 healthy volunteers (51% girls) aged 3–15 years who participated in a nationwide study between July 2012 and January 2014. Six trajectory latent class growth models were developed using body mass index z‐ scores. Predictors for being in developmental trajectories at high risk for causing adverse CV profiles were determined by multivariate regression analysis.ResultsThe mean±standard deviation number of anthropometric data points was 12±3 for both boys and girls. Among the six trajectories, the infantile onset and continual increase groups had significantly worse levels of many CV profiles than those in the remaining groups. Paternal overweight/obesity was an independent predictor for boys being in the infantile onset group and for girls being in the continual increase group. Additionally, maternal pre‐pregnancy overweight/obesity in boys and maternal excessive gestational weight gain in girls were independent predictors for being in the infantile onset group. Having no sibling in boys and an older maternal age were independent predictors for being in the continual increase group.ConclusionsInterventions to prevent childhood obesity should include strategies that focus on fathers and mothers as well as those that focus on children with certain types of familial background.
Internal but not external locus of control predicts acute stress response
Authors: Zhan Lei , Lin Li , Wang Xiaoyu , Zhang Jingyu , Zhang Liang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFluctuation patterns of physiological response after acute stress might indicate one's coping potential with stress, yet this relationship has not been widely examined. The present study investigated how Locus of Control (LOC) can influence cortisol and HR responses in an uncontrollable stressful situation. Seventy‐three participants were exposed to acute stress through the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) after finishing the LOC measures. Multilevel regression results suggested that a curvilinear function best captured the shape of the cortisol trajectories which was further moderated by the level of internal LOC. Moreover, higher internality was associated with greater cortisol reactivity and faster recovery. Our study reveals the link between internal control and endocrine stress response. Finally, cortisol upregulation was discussed, as well as the internality‐related accelerated recovery of cortisol, which may be involved in the effect of motivation arousal for better adaptation.
Multinational production and intra‐firm trade
Authors: Alviarez Vanessa , Saad Ayhab F. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntra‐firm trade, from parents to affiliates, has been combined with standard models of multinational production (MP) to deliver gravity‐style predictions for foreign affiliates sales. Nonetheless, the evidence shows that intra‐firm trade is concentrated among a small set of large multinational firms. Using firm level data from 35 countries, we document that only firms belonging to multinational corporations (MNCs) in the upper tail of the firm's size distribution are significantly affected by the distance to their parents. We present a simple framework featuring MNCs selection into intra‐firm trade and derive the analytical gravity equations that are consistent with the empirical findings.
Bayesian Spatio-Temporal Modeling for the Inpatient Hospital Costs of Alcohol-Related Disorders
Authors: Yu Zhen , Yu Keming , Härdle Wolfgang K. , Zhang Xueliang , Wang Kai , Tian Maozai 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUnderstanding how health care costs vary across different demographics and health conditions is essential to developing policies for health care cost reduction. It may not be optimal to apply the conventional mean regression due to its sensitivity to the high level of skewness and spatio-temporal heterogeneity presented in the cost data. To find an alternative method for spatio-temporal analysis with robustness and high estimation efficiency, we combine information across multiple quantiles and propose a Bayesian spatio-temporal weighted composite quantile regression (ST-WCQR) model. An easy-to-implement Gibbs sampling algorithm is provided based on the asymmetric Laplace mixture representation of the error term. Extensive simulation studies show that ST-WCQR outperforms existing methods for skewed error distributions. We apply ST-WCQR to investigate how patients’ characteristics affected the inpatient hospital costs for alcohol-related disorders and identify areas that could be targeted for cost reduction in New York State from 2015 to 2017.
Physical, chemical and microbiological soil attributes influence soil greenhouse gases fluxes in Atlantic Forest and pine (Pinus taeda) plantations in Brazil
Authors: Tulio Rafael Hennel , Rachwal Marcos Fernando Glück , Zanatta Josiléia Acordi , da Silva Krisle , Kaschuk Glaciela 
Published: November 2022

AbstractForest soils can be sources or sinks of greenhouse gases (GHGs) depending on soil attributes that affect biomass and activity of soil micro‐organisms involved in GHGs fluxes. In this work, we tested the hypothesis that soil physical, chemical and microbiological attributes, under different forests ecosystems, affect the soil GHGs [nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4)] fluxes. The study was carried out in two locations in southern Brazil in 2019, with three experimental plots of 900 m2 in native forests of the Atlantic Forest biome and in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) plantations. Air samples released from the soil surface were analysed for concentration and flux of CO2, N2O and CH4. Soil samples were analysed for chemical attributes, density (Ds), soil microporosity (MiPs), soil macroporosity (MaPs), total porosity (TP), water‐filled pore space (WFPS), microbial biomass carbon (MB‐C), basal respiration (BR), microbial (qMic) and metabolic (qCO2) quotient and activities of soil urease and β‐glucosidase enzymes. The seasons influenced the CO2 and N2O emissions, probably because of the changes in seasonal conditions. However, native forests consumed more CH4 than pine plantations. Meanwhile, the native forests presented soils with lower Ds (average 21.5% lower), more TP (average 12.5% higher) and more moisture (average 33% higher), which improved the microbiological attributes of the soil (20% to 60% more MB‐C, 67% higher urease activity and 30% higher β‐glucosidase activity) compared with pine plantations. Native forests contributed more intensely to CH4 consumption than pine plantations because they present better physical, chemical and microbiological soil conditions. Therefore, it is possible that forestry practices that improve soil physical attributes are likely to contribute to increase CH4 consumption, and to reduce GHGs emissions in forest ecosystems.
Identity Cards, Semiotic Instability, and Signs of State Recognition for Indonesian Warias
Authors: HEGARTY BENJAMIN 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTFollowing the authoritarian New Order in Indonesia (1965–1998) the state‐issued identity card was transformed into a symbol available for reproduction by ordinary citizens. One Indonesian transgender population known as warias used the card to engage with the terms of recognition offered by the state. In 2014, warias in Yogyakarta made organizational membership cards that closely mimicked but did not copy the visual form of the original. Warias efforts to expand the state's bureaucratic form through the manipulation of the symbolic and material qualities of cards raised the possibility that the state did not hold a monopoly over powers of recognition.
Comparing attitudes toward Caribbean, British, and American accents in Trinidad and Tobago, the United Kingdom, and the United States
Authors: Hänsel Eva Canan , Meer Philipp 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article compares the attitudes of respondents from Trinidad and Tobago, the United Kingdom, and the United States toward speakers from these countries and from Grenada. Analyses of mean values on the attitude dimensions of status and solidarity reveal striking similarities between the rankings of the stimuli by the three respondent groups, especially regarding the British and American stimuli and a Creole‐influenced Grenadian stimulus. Only the rankings by the Trinbagonian respondents differ slightly regarding the Caribbean stimuli. The results suggest that similar stereotypes might have influenced the evaluations of the British, American, and Creole‐influenced Grenadian speakers across all respondent groups, while the rankings by the Trinbagonian respondents might reflect the social connotations of the fine‐grained nuances of Caribbean (standardized) accents.