bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Connectivity-preserving distributed algorithms for removing links in directed networks
Authors: Gusrialdi Azwirman 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article considers the link removal problem in a strongly connected directed network with the goal of minimizing the dominant eigenvalue of the network’s adjacency matrix while maintaining its strong connectivity. Due to the complexity of the problem, this article focuses on computing a suboptimal solution. Furthermore, it is assumed that the knowledge of the overall network topology is not available. This calls for distributed algorithms which rely solely on the local information available to each individual node and information exchange between each node and its neighbors. Two different strategies based on matrix perturbation analysis are presented, namely simultaneous and iterative link removal strategies. Key ingredients in implementing both strategies include novel distributed algorithms for estimating the dominant eigenvectors of an adjacency matrix and for verifying strong connectivity of a directed network under link removal. It is shown via numerical simulations on different type of networks that in general the iterative link removal strategy yields a better suboptimal solution. However, it comes at a price of higher communication cost in comparison to the simultaneous link removal strategy.
PELOPS AND MYRTILOS: REASSESSING THE EKPHRASIS IN STATIUS, THEBAID 6.283–5
Authors: Tang Henry Ka Chun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article argues for an alternative interpretation of the ekphrasis of Pelops and Myrtilos among Adrastus’ parade of ancestral images in lines 6.283–5 of Statius’ Thebaid. The majority of scholarly readings believe that the scene described in these lines alludes to the mythical chariot-race between Pelops and Oenomaus. Using a combination of visual, intertextual and intratextual evidence, this article suggests that these lines more likely refer to a later part of the myth—Pelops’ murder of Myrtilos, as the former hurls the latter into the Myrtoan sea from a flying chariot. This paper concludes by exploring what implications this alternative reading has for our understanding of Statius’ use of ekphrasis as a narrative technique and, more specifically, its significance on our reading of the ekphrasis of Adrastus’ ancestral images.
Armenians, Jews, and Humanitarianism in the ‘Age of Questions’, 1830–1900
Authors: Johnston Jean-Michel , Steinberg Oded Y. 
Published: September 2022

Go to Armenia, and you will not find an Armenian. They, too, are an expatriated nation, like the Hebrews…The Armenian has a proverb: ‘In every city of the East I find a home.’ They are everywhere; the rivals of my people, for they are one of the great races, and little degenerated: with all our industry, and much of our energy…Benjamin Disraeli, Tancred; or, The new crusade (1847)
Understanding guilt-related interpersonal dysfunction in obsessive-compulsive personality disorder through computational modeling of two social interaction tasks
Authors: Xiao Fan , Zhao Jiahui , Fan Lejia , Ji Xinlei , Fang Shulin , Zhang Panwen , Kong Xinyuan , Liu Qinyu , Yu Hongbo , Zhou Xiaolin , Gao Xiaoxue , Wang Xiang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundObsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) is a high-prevalence personality disorder characterized by subtle but stable interpersonal dysfunction. There have been only limited studies addressing the behavioral patterns and cognitive features of OCPD in interpersonal contexts. The purpose of this study was to investigate how behaviors differ between OCPD individuals and healthy controls (HCs) in the context of guilt-related interpersonal responses.MethodA total of 113 participants were recruited, including 46 who were identified as having OCPD and 67 HCs. Guilt-related interpersonal responses were manipulated and measured with two social interactive tasks: the Guilt Aversion Task, to assess how anticipatory guilt motivates cooperation; and the Guilt Compensation Task, to assess how experienced guilt induces compensation behaviors. The guilt aversion model and Fehr–Schmidt inequity aversion model were adopted to analyze decision-making in the Guilt Aversion Task and the Guilt Compensation Task, respectively.ResultsComputational model-based results demonstrated that, compared with HCs, the OCPD group exhibited less guilt aversion when making cooperative decisions as well as less guilt-induced compensation after harming others.ConclusionOur findings indicate that individuals with OCPD tend to be less affected by guilt than HCs. These impairments in guilt-related responses may prevent adjustments in behaviors toward compliance with social norms and thus result in interpersonal dysfunctions.
From Laslett to Waldmann: The Case for Reconsidering Strauss on Locke
Authors: Behnegar Nasser , Stauffer Devin , Major Rafael , Nadon Christopher 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe denial of Locke's debt to Hobbes has long been characteristic of many scholars of Locke influenced by the Cambridge School. Peter Laslett was the first to argue for this view, and he did so in conscious opposition to Leo Strauss and his interpretation of Locke. The recent discovery by Felix Waldmann of a memoir that confirms Locke's deep interest in Hobbes as well as his prudent concealment of that interest has undermined Laslett's case against Strauss. Waldmann's discovery, moreover, comes in the wake of other historical work, by Jeffrey Collins and others, that has provided further grounds for abandoning the Cambridge view of Locke. These developments have yet to lead to a serious reengagement with Strauss's interpretation of Locke, but they should, because his controversial claim about Locke's debt to Hobbes has been vindicated.
In vivo study of a reserved atrial septal puncture area patent foramen ovale occluder
Authors: Jiang Haibin , Cao Suyan , Wang Renrong , Wang Shuya , He Ziqian , Xu Xin , Yang Chengjian , Liu Xiaoxiao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurpose:After patent foramen ovale interventional closure, puncture of the interatrial septum through the occluder is difficult but sometimes needed for further interventional treatment. This paper presents findings from an in vivo experimental study of a reserved atrial septal puncture area patent foramen ovale occluder.Materials and methods:A patent foramen ovale model was established in canines using trans-septal puncture of the fossa ovale and high-pressure balloon dilation. Then, patent foramen ovale closure was performed with a reserved atrial septal puncture area and all canines were raised for 3 months. Then, the occluder was crossed and left atrial angiography was performed on the septal area with the occluder. Finally, DSA angiography, echocardiography, and histology were used to evaluate the performance and feasibility of the reserved atrial septal puncture area.Results:A patent foramen ovale model was successfully established in 10 canines using the atrial septal puncture method. The average diameter of the patent foramen ovale was 3.77 ±0.19 mm, and the patent foramen ovale was successfully closed in all canines using a reserved atrial septal puncture area. As assessed using transoesophageal echocardiography, the new occluder exhibited an ideal position and was occluded entirely without a residual shunt intraoperatively and postoperatively. A 100% success rate of atrial septum puncture was achieved across the new occluder. The occluders were completely endothelialised 3 months post-implantation.Conclusions:The reserved atrial septal puncture area was effective in patent foramen ovale closure and exhibited positive sealing performance and biological compatibility. Trans-septal puncture was feasible and effective after reserved atrial septal puncture area patent foramen ovale closure.
Lasting impact on health from natural disasters, potential mechanisms and mitigating effects
Authors: Dhamija Gaurav , Sen Gitanjali 
Published: September 2022

AbstractExposure to extreme shocks in early life is found to have a lasting impact in adulthood. Exploiting the variation in exposure measured by age and intensity of an earthquake, we evaluate the impact of a 7.7 MW earthquake in Gujarat, India, on the health stock of children who were in utero or below three years. Using the India Human Development Survey data from 2004–05 and earthquake intensity data, we find an affected girl child to be shorter by at least 2.5 cm at the age of 3–6 years. The earthquake seems to have destroyed the household infrastructures and health facilities, affecting the expecting mothers and newborn children. The households using services to meet nutritional needs of children and pregnant women seem to be least affected. Our findings recommend faster reconstruction activities and highlight the importance of universal healthcare and nutritional delivery services to mitigate the impacts of early-life shocks.
Child, would you sacrifice yourself? A study on the Foreign Language Effect in children
Authors: Fernández-Sanz Celia , Romero-Rivas Carlos , Rodriguez-Cuadrado Sara 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe moral foreign-language effect (M-FLE) translates into more utilitarian choices, even when given the option of self-sacrifice. We explore the M-FLE in 85 children, who were presented with seven moral dilemmas varying in utilitarianism, aversiveness, and whether they allowed the option of self-sacrifice; 42 answered to the dilemmas in their native language (Spanish), and 43 in a foreign language (English). Participants were more utilitarian and willing to sacrifice themselves when using their foreign language. Educational and developmental implications are discussed, especially in the context of bilingual education.
With status decline in sight, voters turn radical right: how do experience and expectation of status decline shape electoral behaviour?
Authors: Im Zhen Jie , Wass Hanna , Kantola Anu , Kauppinen Timo M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe distinguish between the experience and expectation of subjective status decline in relation to electoral behaviour. Studies often link support for radical parties, especially radical right ones, to voters’ experience of status decline. A few other studies argue that voters’ expectation of status decline also triggers radical right support. Without precise measures of both perceptions, it has been difficult to distinguish which (or both) is most relevant for radical right support in Western Europe and the USA. Using survey data from 2018 (n = 4,076) and 2020 (n = 2,106) in Finland, we could precisely measure and distinguish between voters’ experience and expectation of status decline. Descriptively, voters who have experienced status decline have low income, whereas voters who expect status decline have (lower)middle income. Using multivariate analyses, we find that voters who expect status decline consistently prefer radical right parties more than voters who expect status improvement. However, there is no robust evidence of radical right support among voters who have experienced status decline. These findings suggest that the expectation, not experience, of status decline drives radical right support. If these expectations trigger radical right support in Nordic welfare states, they may be even more pertinent in less comprehensive welfare states.
Case Studies on the Day‐to‐Day Variability in the Occurrence of Post‐Sunset Equatorial Spread F
Authors: Olugbon B. , Oyeyemi E. O. , Kashcheyev A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe occurrence of post‐sunset equatorial spread F (ESF) is well understood to be associated with the evening pre‐reversal enhancement (PRE). Earlier studies have shown that when large datasets are examined, there is a significant correlation between the occurrence of post‐sunset ESF and the evening PRE. However, this correlation is much lower when the events are examined on a day‐to‐day basis. This has led to the emergence of suggestions that the PRE may not be a necessary condition for the occurrence of post‐sunset ESF. This study presents the results of the occurrence of post‐sunset ESF using data obtained from the Lowell Digisonde at Ilorin, Nigeria (ILR; 4.68°E, 8.50°N; Dip latitude −1.25°), spanning May–September 2019. In this interval, data was available on 124 days and, of this number, post‐sunset ESF occurred on 99 days (79.8%). Of the 99 days for which post‐sunset ESF was observed, two events for which the evening PRE was absent were investigated in detail. Analysis of Digisonde data for these two selected events showed modulation of the bottomside F‐layer plasma in the evening sector by wave structures. Spectral analysis of Global Positioning System Total Electron Content from multiple ground stations across Nigeria showed the appearance of wave structures, consistent with standing waves, in the ionosphere. The results presented show that standing waves are a possible mechanism for the generation of post‐sunset ESF, even in the absence of the PRE.
Holocene Marine Tephra Offshore Ecuador and Southern Colombia: First Trench‐to‐Arc Correlations and Implication for Magnitude of Major Eruptions
Authors: Bablon Mathilde , Ratzov Gueorgui , Nauret François , Samaniego Pablo , Michaud François , Saillard Marianne , Proust Jean‐Noël , Le Pennec Jean‐Luc , Collot Jean‐Yves , Devidal Jean‐Luc , Orange François , Liorzou Céline , Migeon Sébastien , Vallejo Silvia , Hidalgo Silvana , Mothes Patricia , Gonzalez Miguel 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTephra layers preserved in marine sediments are strong tools to study the frequency, magnitude and source of past major explosive eruptions. Thirty‐seven volcanoes from the Ecuadorian and Colombian arc, in the northern Andes, experienced at least one eruption during the Holocene. The volcanic hazard is therefore particularly high for the populated areas of the Andes and in particular cases for the coastal region, and it is crucial to document such events to improve hazard assessment. The age and distribution of deposits from major Holocene eruptions have been studied in the Cordillera, but no descriptions of distal fallouts have been published. In this study, we focused on 28 Holocene tephra layers recorded in marine sediment cores collected along the northern Ecuador—Southern Colombia margin. New lithological, geochemical and isotope data together with 14C datings on foraminifers allow us to determine the age and volcanic source of marine tephra, and to propose a first land‐sea correlation of distal tephra fallouts. We show that at least seven explosive eruptions from Guagua Pichincha, Atacazo‐Ninahuilca, Cotopaxi, and Cerro Machín volcanoes left tephra deposits recorded in marine cores over 250 km away from their source. Volume estimates of emitted tephra range between 1.3 and 6.0 km3 for the tenth century Guagua Pichincha, ∼5 ka Atacazo‐Ninahuilca, ∼6.7 and ∼7.9 ka Cotopaxi events, suggesting that they were eruptions of Volcanic Explosivity Index of 5. The distribution of these deposits also brings new constraints for a better evaluation of the volcanic hazard in Ecuador.
Evaluation of the Proton Contamination to MeV Electrons by Solar Proton Events Based on CSES Observations
Authors: Zhang Zhenxia , Li Xinqiao , Wang Lu , Zhima Zeren , Shen Xuhui , Yuan Shigeng , An Zhenghua , Xu Yanbing , Liang Xiaohua , Zhang Dali , Wang Ping , Wen Xiangyang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe high energy particle package (HEPP) onboard the China Seismo‐Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES) consists of three subsystems: HEPP‐H, HEPP‐L, and HEPP‐X. HEPP‐H and HEPP‐L detect 0.1–55 MeV electrons and 2–230 MeV protons. HEPP‐X is used to monitor 0.9–35 keV solar X‐rays. The primary objective of this study is to present the measurement techniques and instrument parameters, show the main features of particle observations recorded by these instruments and evaluate the proton contamination to MeV electrons. Based on CSES observation, we report a typical solar X‐ray and solar proton event and compare with observations from Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellites (POES) and Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) satellite. Based on the observations of solar proton events, we put forward one method to evaluate the proton contamination level using comparatively pure proton samples on high L‐shells where the proton flux is near zero at quiet time. The percentage of protons that are mistakenly identified to be electrons by HEPP‐H is estimated to be approximately 0.022%. The proton contaminations only contribute no more than 10% of the total observed electron populations at L = 4 with energy range 8–9 MeV in the outer radiation belt region. Therefore, we conclude that the on‐orbit performance of HEPP instrument has satisfyingly met the design expectations by providing plenty of high‐quality high energy particle observation data and reference for scientific uses in the fields of space weather research and natural hazard monitoring.
Long‐Term Variation of Lunar Semidiurnal Tides in the MLT Region Revealed by a Meteor Radar Chain
Authors: Luo Jiahui , Gong Yun , Ma Zheng , Zhang Shaodong , Zhou Qihou , Huang Chunming , Huang Kaiming , Li Guozhu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe present a study on the long‐term variation of lunar semidiurnal (LSD) tides in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT). The study is based on a meteor radar chain along ∼120°E meridian, which consists of five stations located at Mohe (MH, 53.5°N, 122.3°E), Beijing (BJ, 40.3°N, 116.2°E), Wuhan (WH, 30.5°N, 114.6°E), Sanya (SY, 18.3°N, 109.6°E), and Ledong (LD, 18.4°N, 109.0°E), respectively. Using the Lomb‐Scargle spectral analysis and least squares fitting method, strong quarter‐annual oscillations in the LSD are found at the three midlatitude stations and their magnitudes are comparable. The LSD magnitudes exhibit clear seasonal and latitudinal differences. The monthly mean magnitudes of LSD reach the maximum in January at all five stations but in other seasons they behave differently at different stations. Besides, the effects of polar vortex weakening (PVW) and quasi‐biennial oscillation (QBO) phases on the LSD are discussed. Based on the 12 PVW events, our study observes that the enhancement of the LSD is not always related to the commencements of PVW events. The enhancements of the LSD during the easterly QBO phase are generally stronger than those enhancements during the westerly QBO phase in the MLT region. The easterly QBO phase could modulate the mesospheric zonal mean zonal winds at low latitudes during the PVWs, which is in favor of amplifying the LSD. Our results suggest that the QBO phase is an important factor in enhancing the LSD in the MLT region during PVW events.
Near‐Surface Hydrology and Soil Properties Drive Heterogeneity in Permafrost Distribution, Vegetation Dynamics, and Carbon Cycling in a Sub‐Arctic Watershed
Authors: Shirley Ian A. , Mekonnen Zelalem A. , Wainwright Haruko , Romanovsky Vladimir E. , Grant Robert F. , Hubbard Susan S. , Riley William J. , Dafflon Baptiste 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDiscontinuous permafrost environments exhibit strong spatial heterogeneity at scales too small to be driven by weather forcing or captured by Earth System Models. Here we analyze effects of observed spatial heterogeneity in soil and vegetation properties, hydrology, and thermal dynamics on ecosystem carbon dynamics in a watershed on the Seward Peninsula in Alaska. We apply a Morris global sensitivity analysis to a process‐rich, successfully tested terrestrial ecosystem model (TEM), ecosys, varying soil properties, boundary conditions, and weather forcing. We show that landscape heterogeneity strongly impacts soil temperatures and vegetation composition. Snow depth, O‐horizon thickness, and near‐surface water content, which vary at scales of O(m), control the soil thermal regime more than an air temperature gradient corresponding to a 140 km north–south distance. High shrub productivity is simulated only in talik (perennially unfrozen) soils with high nitrogen availability. Through these effects on plant and permafrost dynamics, landscape heterogeneity impacts ecosystem productivity. Simulations with near‐surface taliks have higher microbial respiration (by 78.0 gC m−2 yr−1) and higher net primary productivity (by 104.9 gC m−2 yr−1) compared to runs with near‐surface permafrost, and simulations with high shrub productivity have outlying values of net carbon uptake. We explored the prediction uncertainty associated with ignoring observed landscape heterogeneity, and found that watershed net carbon uptake is 60% larger when heterogeneity is accounted for. Our results highlight the complexity inherent in discontinuous permafrost environments and demonstrate that missing representation of subgrid heterogeneity in TEMs could bias predictions of high‐latitude carbon budget.
Association between Interleukin-17F 7488A/G and 7383A/G polymorphisms and susceptibility to juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Authors: Abd Almonaem Eman Rateb , Shaheen Ashraf Mohamed , Abdelrahman Amira M. N. , Hassan Waleed A. , Daay El Khair Noha Mohamed , Abdel Haie Omima Mohamed 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Interleukin-17F (IL-17F), one of the cytokines, is crucial in the pathophysiology of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Therefore, we aimed to determine the relation between IL17F 7488A/G and IL17F 7383A/G single-nucleotide polymorphisms and JIA susceptibility and to explain their impact on the disease activity.

Methods
Genomic DNA of 70 patients with JIA and 70 age and sex-matched controls were extracted and typed for IL17F 7488A/G and IL17F 7383A/G single-nucleotide polymorphisms, using polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers method, and compared between patients and controls.

Results
When compared to AA participants, children with the AG genotype of the IL17F 7488A/G and IL17F 7383A/G polymorphisms showed a substantially greater risk of JIA. Furthermore, children with the G allele were 2.8 folds more likely to have JIA than the A allele for IL17F 7488A/G polymorphism and 3.72 folds for IL17F 7383A/G polymorphism. Children with AG genotype of IL17F 7383A/G polymorphism were far more likely to have high activity JIA.

Conclusions
The G allele of both IL17F 7488A/G and IL17F7383 A/G polymorphisms is associated with increased JIA susceptibility, and JIA at High Disease Activity was more likely to develop in AG subjects of the IL17F 7383 A/G polymorphism.

Impact

The relationship between Interleukin-17F 7488A/G and 7383A/G polymorphisms and risk for JIA has not been recognized before.

Impact of Interleukin-17F 7488A/G and 7383A/G genotypes on JIA disease activity.

The G allele of both IL17F 7488A/G and IL17F7383 A/G polymorphisms are associated with increased JIA susceptibility.

AG genotype of Interleukin-17F 7383 A/G polymorphism compared to AA patients, had a higher probability of developing JIA at a High Disease Activity (HDA) level.