bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Effective Microorganisms on Some Biological and Biochemical Aspects of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Zayed Mohamed S. , Taha El-Kazafy A. , Hegazy Fatma H. , Albogami Bander , Noureldeen Ahmed , Elnabawy El-Said M. 
Published: October 2022

The cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Bosid.), is a major pest in African and Asian nations that attacks a wide variety of host plants. This study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of effective microorganisms (EMs) on the biological and physiological features of S. littoralis larvae. Five concentrations (100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 ppm) of EMs were tested. Antifeedant activity, food consumption index, the efficiency of converting digested food, the efficiency of converting ingested food, relative growth rate, and approximate body tissue of the fourth larval instar of S. littoralis were determined. Moreover, carbohydrate enzyme activities (amylase, trehalose, and invertase), total protein, and total lipids of S. littoralis larvae were measured to elucidate the mode of action of the tested agent in the S. littoralis’s larval stage. The EMs at 500 ppm had a substantial impact on antifeedant activity, nutritional indices, egg deposit reduction, and hatchability in S. littoralis during the five days. All concentrations interrupted S. littoralis’s life cycle and developmental phases. Furthermore, all concentrations were quite useful in lengthening the developmental stages of S. littoralis. In addition, Ems affected the biochemical activities of larvae, leading to disturbances in carbohydrate, lipid, and protein levels. From this study, EMs can be used as a bioinsecticide alternative to traditional insecticides against S. littoralis and may be compatible with integrated pest management approaches.
Robust Porous TiN Layer for Improved Oxygen Evolution Reaction Performance
Authors: Liu Gaoyang , Hou Faguo , Wang Xindong , Fang Baizeng 
Published: October 2022

The poor reversibility and slow reaction kinetics of catalytic materials seriously hinder the industrialization process of proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolysis. It is necessary to develop high-performance and low-cost electrocatalysts to reduce the loss of reaction kinetics. In this study, a novel catalyst support featured with porous surface structure and good electronic conductivity was successfully prepared by surface modification via a thermal nitriding method under ammonia atmosphere. The morphology and composition characterization-confirmed that a TiN layer with granular porous structure and internal pore-like defects was established on the Ti sheet. Meanwhile, the conductivity measurements showed that the in-plane electronic conductivity of the as-developed material increased significantly to 120.8 S cm−1. After IrOx was loaded on the prepared TiN-Ti support, better dispersion of the active phase IrOx, lower ohmic resistance, and faster charge transfer resistance were verified, and accordingly, more accessible catalytic active sites on the catalytic interface were developed as revealed by the electrochemical characterizations. Compared with the IrOx/Ti, the as-obtained IrOx/TiN-Ti catalyst demonstrated remarkable electrocatalytic activity (η10 mA cm−2 = 302 mV) and superior stability (overpotential degradation rate: 0.067 mV h−1) probably due to the enhanced mass adsorption and transport, good dispersion of the supported active phase IrOx, increased electronic conductivity and improved corrosion resistance provided by the TiN-Ti support.
MALDI-TOF MS Limits for the Identification of Mediterranean Sandflies of the Subgenus Larroussius, with a Special Focus on the Phlebotomus perniciosus Complex
Authors: Huguenin Antoine , Pesson Bernard , Kaltenbach Matthieu L. , Diarra Adama Zan , Parola Philippe , Depaquit Jérôme , Randrianambinintsoa Fano José 
Published: October 2022

Leishmania infantum is the agent of visceral leishmaniasis in the Mediterranean basin. It is transmitted by sandflies of the subgenus Larroussius. Although Phlebotomus perniciosus is the most important vector in this area, an atypical Ph. perniciosus easily confused with Ph. longicuspis has been observed in North Africa. MALDI-TOF MS, an important tool for vector identification, has recently been applied for the identification of sandflies. Spectral databases presented in the literature, however, include only a limited number of Larroussius species. Our objective was to create an in-house database to identify Mediterranean sandflies and to evaluate the ability of MALDI-TOF MS to discriminate close species or atypical forms within the Larroussius subgenus. Field-caught specimens (n = 94) were identified morphologically as typical Ph. perniciosus (PN; n = 55), atypical Ph. perniciosus (PNA; n = 9), Ph. longicuspis (n = 9), Ph. ariasi (n = 9), Ph. mascittii (n = 3), Ph. neglectus (n = 5), Ph. perfiliewi (n = 1), Ph. similis (n = 9) and Ph. papatasi (n = 2). Identifications were confirmed by sequencing of the mtDNA CytB region and sixteen specimens were included in the in-house database. Blind assessment on 73 specimens (representing 1073 good quality spectra) showed a good agreement (98.5%) between MALDI-TOF MS and molecular identification. Discrepancies concerned confusions between Ph. perfiliewi and Ph. perniciosus. Hierarchical clustering did not allow classification of PN and PNA. The use of machine learning, however, allowed discernment between PN and PNA and between the lcus and lcx haplotypes of Ph. longicuspis (accuracy: 0.8938 with partial-least-square regression and random forest models). MALDI-TOF MS is a promising tool for the rapid and accurate identification of field-caught sandflies. The use of machine learning could allow to discriminate similar species.
Microbial Communities of Artisanal Fermented Milk Products from Russia
Authors: Kochetkova Tatiana V. , Grabarnik Ilya P. , Klyukina Alexandra A. , Zayulina Kseniya S. , Elizarov Ivan M. , Shestakova Oksana O. , Gavirova Liliya A. , Malysheva Anastasia D. , Shcherbakova Polina A. , Barkhutova Darima D. , Karnachuk Olga V. , Shestakov Andrey I. , Elcheninov Alexander G. , Kublanov Ilya V. 
Published: October 2022

Fermented milk products (FMPs) have numerous health properties, making them an important part of our nutrient budget. Based on traditions, history and geography, there are different preferences and recipes for FMP preparation in distinct regions of the world and Russia in particular. A number of dairy products, both widely occurring and region-specific, were sampled in the households and local markets of the Caucasus republics, Buryatia, Altai, and the Far East and European regions of Russia. The examined FMPs were produced from cow, camel, mare’s or mixed milk, in the traditional way, without adding commercial starter cultures. Lactate and acetate were the major volatile fatty acids (VFA) of the studied FMPs, while succinate, formate, propionate and n-butyrate were present in lower concentrations. Bacterial communities analyzed by 16S rRNA gene V4 fragment amplicon sequencing showed that Firmicutes (Lactococcus, Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Lentilactobacillus and Leuconostoc) was the predominant phylum in all analyzed FMPs, followed by Proteobacteria (Acetobacter, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas and Citrobacter). Lactobacillus (mainly in beverages) or Lactococcus (mainly in creamy and solid products) were the most abundant community-forming genera in FMPs where raw milk was used and fermentation took place at (or below) room temperature. In turn, representatives of Streptococcus genus dominated the FMPs made from melted or pasteurized milk and fermented at elevated temperatures (such as ryazhenka, cottage cheese and matsoni-like products). It was revealed that the microbial diversity of koumiss, shubat, ryazhenka, matsoni-like products, chegen, sour cream and bryndza varied slightly within each type and correlated well with the same products from other regions and countries. On the other hand, the microbiomes of kefir, prostokvasha, ayran, cottage cheese and suluguni-like cheese were more variable and were shaped by the influence of particular factors linked with regional differences and traditions expressed in specificities in the production process. The microbial diversity of aarts, khurunga, khuruud, tan, ayran and suluguni-like cheese was studied here, to our knowledge, for the first time. The results of this study emphasize the overall similarity of the microbial communities of various FMPs on the one hand, and specificities of regional products on the other. The latter are of particular value in the age of globalization when people have begun searching for new and unusual products and properties. Speaking more specifically, these novel products, with their characteristic communities, might be used for the development of novel microbial associations (i.e., starters) to produce novel products with improved or unique properties.
Biocontrol Ability and Action Mechanism of Meyerozyma guilliermondii 37 on Soft Rot Control of Postharvest Kiwifruit
Authors: Pan Hui , Zhong Caihong , Wang Zupeng , Deng Lei , Li Wenyi , Zhao Juan , Long Chao-an , Li Li 
Published: October 2022

Postharvest soft rot of kiwifruit has resulted in substantial market losses, yet there were few antagonistic yeasts reported to control the disease. This study screened 1113 yeast strains for potential antagonistic yeast to control soft rot of kiwifruit caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea and Diaporthe actinidiae, and strain 37 was selected to evaluate the control efficacy and mechanisms, which was identified as Meyerozyma guilliermondii via molecular biological identification. Our results showed that M. guilliermondii 37 effectively reduced pathogen spore germination rate to 28.52% and decay incidence of inoculated kiwifruit to 42.11% maximumly, whereas cell-free supernatant lacked antifungal activity, implying that M. guilliermondii 37 didn’t produce direct antifungal compounds against the two pathogens. In addition, M. guilliermondii 37 adhered tenaciously to the pathogens’ mycelium and colonized rapidly in kiwifruit flesh. Moreover, yeast strain 37 induced kiwifruit resistance by elevating the defense-related enzyme activity, increasing the antioxidant substances content, and suppressing the cell wall-degrading enzyme activity. Gene expression was consistent with the corresponding enzyme activity. Further postharvest yeast immersion treatment significantly reduced natural decay to 35.69% while maintaining soft-ripe quality. These results indicated that M. guilliermondii 37 might serve as a biocontrol agent against postharvest soft rot in kiwifruit.
Removal of Hydrogen Sulfide from Swine-Waste Biogas on a Pilot Scale Using Immobilized Paracoccus versutus CM1
Authors: Kumdhitiahutsawakul Ladapa , Jirachaisakdeacha Dolruedee , Kantha Uthen , Pholchan Patiroop , Sattayawat Pachara , Chitov Thararat , Tragoolpua Yingmanee , Bovonsombut Sakunnee 
Published: October 2022

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a toxic and corrosive component that commonly occurs in biogas. In this study, H2S removal from swine-waste biogas using sulfur-oxidizing Paracoccus versutus CM1 immobilized in porous glass (PG) and polyurethane foam (PUF) biofilters was investigated. Bacterial compositions in the biofilters were also determined using polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). The biofilters were first tested on a laboratory scale under three space velocities (SV): 20, 30, and 40 h−1. Within 24 h, at an SV of 20 h−1, PG and PUF biofilters immobilized with P. versutus CM1 removed 99.5% and 99.7% of H2S, respectively, corresponding to the elimination capacities (EC) of 83.5 and 86.2 gm−3 h−1. On a pilot scale, with the horizontal PG-P. versutus CM1 biofilter operated at an SV of 30 h−1, a removal efficiency of 99.7% and a maximum EC of 113.7 gm−3 h−1 were achieved. No reduction in methane content in the outlet biogas was observed under these conditions. The PCR-DGGE analysis revealed that Paracoccus, Acidithiobacillus, and Thiomonas were the predominant bacterial genera in the biofilters, which might play important roles in H2S removal. This PG–P. versutus CM1 biofiltration system is highly efficient for H2S removal from swine-waste biogas.
Comparison of Weighted Mean Temperature in Greenland Calculated by Four Reanalysis Data
Authors: Luo Chengcheng , Xiao Feng , Gong Li , Lei Jintao , Li Wenhao , Zhang Shengkai 
Published: October 2022

The weighted mean temperature ( Tm) is a critical parameter for precipitable water vapor (PWV) retrieval in global navigation satellite system (GNSS) meteorology. Reanalysis data are an important data source for Tm calculation and Tm empirical model establishment. This study uses radiosonde data to evaluate the accuracy and the spatiotemporal variation of Tm that is derived from four reanalysis data, namely, the release of the fifth-generation accurate global atmospheric reanalysis (ERA5), the modern-era retrospective analysis for research and applications version 2 (MERRA-2), the NCEP/DOE, and the NCEP/NCAR, from 2005 to 2019 in Greenland, due to the paucity of research on the performance of Tm in the polar region that is derived from reanalysis data, particularly on a long temporal scale. The results were as follows: (1) The 15-year mean bias errors (MBEs) and root mean square errors (RMSEs) of Tm that were obtained from the four reanalysis data are 0.267 and 0.691 K for the ERA5, −0.247 and 0.962 K for the MERRA-2, 0.192 and 1.148 K for the NCEP/DOE, and −0.069 and 1.37 K for the NCEP/NCAR. The Tm that was derived from the ERA5 (ERA5 Tm) has the highest accuracy, followed by the MERRA-2 Tm, the NCEP/DOE Tm, and the NCEP/NCAR Tm. (2) In the inter-annual stability of the Tm precision compared with the radiosonde data, the results of the ERA5 are the most stable, followed by the NCEP/DOE Tm, the NCEP/NCAR Tm, and the MERRA-2 Tm. The ERA5 Tm have improved from 2005 to 2019. (3) The Tm accuracy that was computed by the four reanalysis data exhibits significant seasonal variation characteristics in Greenland, as follows: the summer and the autumn accuracy is higher than that in the winter and the spring, which may be related to the variation of the surface temperature (Ts) accuracy. (4) The Tm that was estimated from the four reanalysis data exhibits a consistent spatial distribution, as follows: the Tm is smaller in the middle region of Greenland and is greater at the island’s edge. The comparative study of Tm that is obtained from the four reanalysis data can serve as a reference for future research on Tm model development and water vapor retrieval in polar regions by utilizing reanalysis data.
Spatio-Temporal Pattern and Meteo-Climatic Determinants of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Italy
Authors: Moirano Giovenale , Ellena Marta , Mercogliano Paola , Richiardi Lorenzo , Maule Milena 
Published: October 2022

Historically, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Italy was constrained to Mediterranean areas. However, in the last 20 years, sand fly vectors and human cases of VL have been detected in northern Italy, traditionally classified as a cold area unsuitable for sand fly survival. We aim to study the spatio-temporal pattern and climatic determinants of VL incidence in Italy. National Hospital Discharge Register records were used to identify incident cases of VL between 2009 and 2016. Incident rates were computed for each year (N = 8) and for each province (N = 110). Data on mean temperature and cumulative precipitation were obtained from the ERA5-Land re-analysis. Age- and sex-standardized incidence rates were modeled with Bayesian spatial and spatio-temporal conditional autoregressive Poisson models in relation to the meteo-climatic parameters. Statistical inference was based on Monte Carlo–Markov chains. We identified 1123 VL cases (incidence rate: 2.4 cases/1,000,000 person-years). The highest incidence rates were observed in southern Italy, even though some areas of northern Italy experienced high incidence rates. Overall, in the spatial analysis, VL incidence rates were positively associated with average air temperatures (β for 1 °C increase in average mean average temperature: 0.14; 95% credible intervals (CrI): 0.01, 0.27) and inversely associated with average precipitation (β for 20 mm increase in average summer cumulative precipitation: −0.28, 95% CrI: −0.42, −0.13). In the spatio-temporal analysis, no association between VL cases and season-year specific temperature and precipitation anomalies was detected. Our findings indicate that VL is endemic in the whole Italian peninsula and that climatic factors, such as air temperature and precipitation, might play a relevant role in shaping the geographical distribution of VL cases. These results support that climate change might affect leishmaniasis distribution in the future.
Characterization of porous biomaterials of 316L stainless steel made from polyethylene waxes as pore-forming agents
Authors: Lourenço Rayana Fernanda Ribeiro , Lopes Toni Jefferson , Silva Gilbert , Fernandes Gerson Avelino 
Published: October 2022

For biomedical purposes, the 316L stainless steel has been used due to its high mechanical strength and its biotolerability by the human body. Its porosity allows the growth of living tissue within the implant, which improves fixation to hard tissues. Porous 316L stainless steel specimens were produced by powder metallurgy with controlled porosity by the addition of different polyethylene waxes granulometries (50 and 100 mm) and concentrations (0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0%). The elastic modulus, porous morphologies and densities of the steel samples were determined. Thus, the densities and the elastic modulus were evaluated statistically through Tukey’s test. The results showed that the porosity increases proportionally to polyethylene wax concentration, but the elastic modulus decreases. The Tukey’s Test showed that there are no significant differences in most samples using the two waxes at most concentrations. Range values of 1.89 to 1.51 GPa using wax with 50 mm, and 1.72 to 1.19 GPa were respectively obtained using 100 mm particle size. The highest pore size (45 mm) and the lowest elastic modulus (1.19 GPa) were obtained by use of 4.0% of wax.
Uso de branchonetas (<em>Dendrocephalus brasiliensis</em>) no tratamento de água proveniente da piscicultura
Authors: Pereira Rodrigo Martins , Souza Erivelto Oliveira de , Santos Paola de Oliveira , Silva Saulo Abreu Almeida da , Santos David Carvalho dos , Pierro Priscilla Cortizo Costa , Souza Thiago Bernardo de , Mendonça Pedro Pierro 
Published: October 2022

O objetivo deste estudo e avaliar a utilização do microcrustáceo Dendrocephalus brasiliensis, popularmente conhecido como branchoneta no tratamento de água residuária da piscicultura do IFES – Campus de Alegre. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado - DIC, composto por 6 tratamentos, T1 = Sem náuplios branchonetas/Litro (SBL); 2T = 60 náuplios de branchonetas/Litro (60BL); T3 = 120 náuplios de branchonetas /Litro (120BL); T 4 = 240 náuplios de branchonetas /Litro (240BL); T5 = 480 náuplios de branchonetas/Litro (480BL) e T 6 = 960 náuplios de branchonetas /Litro (960BL). Os resultados demonstram uma relação inversa entre o aumento da densidade em relação a turbidez da água. Com isso, a branchoneta diminui a turbidez da água residuária de aquicultura em até aproximadamente 80% nas condições testadas.
Iniquidades no acesso aos serviços de saúde para o diagnóstico e tratamento do Câncer de mama
Authors: Claro Ariane Maria Cantagallo , Mazzoni Gabriela de Oliveira , Santos Aliny de Lima 
Published: October 2022

O presente estudo teve como objetivo compreender as motivações que dificultam o acesso aos serviços de saúde das pacientes portadoras de câncer de mama, nos âmbitos de rastreio, diagnóstico e tratamento. Para atingir tal objetivo, a metodologia adotada consistiu em uma revisão integrativa com base em trabalhos científicos pesquisados nas bases de dados SciELO, PubMed, DOAJ, LILACS e Web of Science, utilizando-se como descritores “Acesso à saúde no câncer de mama”, “Rastreamento no câncer de mama”, “Diagnóstico no câncer de mama”, “Tratamento do câncer de mama”, “Acesso aos serviços de saúde no Brasil”. Diretrizes, relatos de caso, artigos duplicados, de revisão, que não abordaram o tema proposto, que abordaram o assunto “mortalidade” ou que não responderam à pergunta-guia do estudo não foram incluídos. A análise dos resultados se deu por meio de semelhança destes respondendo a seguinte pergunta de pesquisa: “Quais os motivos que dificultam o acesso à assistência em saúde, do rastreio ao tratamento, no câncer de mama?”. Foi demonstrado, portanto, que fatores sociodemográficos como escolaridade, renda, cor, estado civil e idade, localização das pacientes e da oferta de serviços, fatores relacionados à gestão do serviço, ao tipo de tratamento e às políticas públicas, apresentam-se como fatores causadores de iniquidades em saúde. Espera-se que a pesquisa sirva como ponto de partida para aprofundamentos e mudanças resolutivas passíveis de aplicação prática, no intuito de impactar positivamente a revisão de políticas públicas, garantindo o pleno acesso aos serviços de saúde às pacientes portadoras da doença e usuárias do SUS.
O impacto dos agentes biológicos nas intervenções cirúrgicas pela Doença de Crohn: números do estado de Goiás
Authors: Lucas Junior Carlito José , Vieira Thiago dos Santos , Dos Santos Júlia Rodrigues , Santana João Paulo de Almeida , Cordeiro Elisa Raquel Vieira Gratão , Da Silva Luana Martins , Soares Marilia Junqueira Silva , Assuncao Gilcilene Vieira 
Published: October 2022

A doença de Crohn (DC) é uma doença crônica gastrointestinal que acomete principalmente os intestinos. Sua etiologia exata é desconhecida, e as teorias atualmente disponíveis apontam causalidade multifatorial, com predomínio imunológico e ambiental. Caracteriza-se por inflamação transmural crônica, com desenvolvimento de lesões ulceradas e salteadas, as quais podem acometer qualquer porção do tubo digestivo, e gerar vários sintomas, desde diarréia crônica até obstrução e perfuração intestinal. Desde a sua descoberta e indicação como entidade nosológica, na década de 1930, muito se avançou no tratamento da DC, tanto pela inclusão de vários fármacos no rol terapêutico, quanto pelo avanço das técnicas cirúrgicas. A descoberta das tecnologias necessárias para produção de agentes biológicos, sobretudo os anticorpos monoclonais, foi verdadeiramente revolucionária no tratamento da DC e possibilitou sensível melhora na qualidade de vida desses pacientes. No Brasil, desde 2012, com a modificação da RENAME - Relação Nacional de Medicamentos Essenciais, vários fármacos de alto custo, como são os agentes imunobiológicos, estão disponíveis para utilização gratuita. No entanto, apesar dessa evolução, estimativas indicam que de 30 a 90% dos pacientes com essa doença passarão por pelo menos uma intervenção cirúrgica em suas vidas e que cerca de um terço dos pacientes serão refratários às medicações disponíveis. Por isso, o objetivo do presente trabalho é comparar os dados oficiais, disponíveis no DATASUS, para antes e depois da modificação da RENAME, isto é, antes e depois de 2012, quanto à redução nas cirurgias intestinais mais frequentes na DC, verificando se os dados do estado de Goiás são representativos dos econtrados na literatura atual sobre o assunto.