bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corrosion in the Geothermal Systems: A Review of Corrosion Resistance Alloy (CRA) Weld Overlay Cladding Applications
Authors: Tayactac RG , Basilia B 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The geothermal industry offers a big challenge during material selection. The engineering materials in this geothermal industry are exposed to brine, steam, and hydrogen sulfide at working temperatures ⩽370 degrees Celsius and pressure of ⩽17 MPa. The corrosion problem is a more complex issue to solve, but if material selection could be thoroughly evaluated, it can benefit the asset owner since uptime can be increased and maintenance costs and downtime will be minimized. A few Corrosion Resistant Alloys (CRA) are described in this paper chosen for their corrosion resistance and outstanding mechanical properties. They can either be solid but employing them as cladding material will prove to be more economical while maintaining its integrity during service. This research aims to review the suitability of CRA weld overlay cladding application and its benefits in enhancing corrosion resistance of acidic wellhead piping systems for geothermal applications. This paper also describes the technical and economic benefits of using CRA clad material in the present condition which savings can be made up to 80%. However, there is a lack of established guidelines specifically for geothermal use for the systematic selection and qualification of materials. CRA selection is often based on limited data from literature or empirical testing on a case-by-case basis, which is time-consuming, costly, and often leads to overly conservative solutions.
Study of the transformation of micromycetes of the genera Aspergillus, Fusarium and Chaetomium from soil into plants
Authors: Voronina E V , Balandina A V , Frolova N V , Dubrovina S S 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The article presents the results of a study of the number of pathogens in the soil and their transformation into the plant Oriental Goat’s Rue (Galéga orientalis Lam). It is shown that in the period from 2016 - 2017, the highest contamination of the studied soil samples and oriental goat with pathogenic micromycetes of the genera Aspergillus, Fusarium, Chaetomium was observed and reached from 108 to 1010 CFU/g. The results obtained allowed us to conclude that the suppressiveness and fertility of the studied soil samples decreased. In 2018-2020, the pathogen load on the soil decreased as a result of the use of biological plant protection products for the treatment of crops, as well as the implementation of agrotechnical measures and work to destroy weeds. It has been established that the measures taken against micromycetes of the genus Fusarium turned out to be the most effective. The number of fungi of this genus in the oriental goat decreased from 108 to 104 CFU/g. At the same time, the number of micromycetes of the genus Chaetomium both in the soil and in the oriental goat remained rather high, from 1010 to 108 CFU/g. The company is recommended to continue carrying out activities aimed at improving the soil.
Reasons for different environmental effects of technogenic nanoparticles
Authors: Polischuk S D , Churilov G I , Churilov D G , Churilova V V , Fadkin G N 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) of zinc, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, iron sized 20-90 nm at concentrations of 0.1-100 g of nanoparticles per ton of seeds were studied. The objects of environmental monitoring were bacterial populations and the family of earthworms (Lumbricina). The toxic effect of nanoparticles under natural conditions depended both on physical-chemical properties of NPs and the type of soil, and on the size, concentration of NPs, and pH of nanoparticle suspensions. When measuring the zeta potential of NPs in aqueous solutions, a decrease in pH of the suspensions due to their composition and size was recorded. There was a direct correlation between the energy produced in cells, which was necessary for the development of living systems, and the increase in the number of protons under the influence of nanoparticles. At NPs sizes less than 20 nm, nanoparticles were much more reactive. They exhibited high biological activity and were safe only at very low concentrations. At concentrations above 10 g/t, they inhibited the growth and development of plants and reduced the survival of microorganisms. It was noted that the ecological effect of NPs oxides was different from the behavior of metal NPs. They accumulated in a living organism, exhibited toxic properties, and were transported along trophic chains, which was not typical for metal nanoparticles. It should be noted that zinc oxide was more soluble than titanium dioxide and had a low aggregation value. Thus, such characteristics as solubility and the ability to aggregate in solutions are important for the environmental safety of NPs.
Functional and taxonomic changes in the domain Bacteria in response to phytomelioration of saline soils
Authors: Riksen V S , Korobova L N 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The article presents the results of a five-year study of plant-microbe interactions in a small medium sodium solonetz. The research was carried out in the Barabinsk lowland of Siberia, where Bromus inermis was cultivated for 33 years in the fodder crop rotation. Its phytomelioration effect was reflected in soil desalinization which was proved by decrease of EC in 0-20 cm layer by 11.3 times, decrease of its oligotrophy by 6.3 times, replenishment of solonetz nitrogen fund and intensification of microbiological processes of humus accumulation. The taxonomic structure of microbiome under the crop rotation impact with B. inermis altered towards increasing the representation of genera from alpha-, beta- and delta-proteobacteria classes, functionally associated with the improvement of soil fertility, Gemmatimonadetes as a dryness indicator and reducing the Acidobacteria groups Gp4 and Gp6, associated with the pH control.
Investigation of the influence of ultraviolet radiation on the strength characteristics of mineral-filled films during their disposal after the end of the life cycle
Authors: Myalenko D M , Fedotova O B 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This work presents data on the study of polymer filled films for dairy, food and agricultural products during their disposal after the end of their life cycle. One of the directions for solving the problem of accelerated degradation of packaging is considered, which in the future can have a positive effect on the environment. Hypothetical approaches to the initiation of the destruction processes of the objects of study have been implemented through the development of highly filled film materials and exposure to ultraviolet radiation. The physical and mechanical parameters of the samples were selected as a degradation criterion. The aging process under natural conditions lasts for years, so an attempt was made to accelerate it by forced photo-oxidation of samples by ultraviolet irradiation, for which a special experimental setup was developed. To simulate the natural conditions for the disposal/disposal of packaging at landfills, we used a laboratory stand consisting of vermicompost and a composting accelerator. As a result of the studies, the dynamics of the decrease in strength (indicator “breaking stress at break”) of samples of highly filled films after their irradiation and storage under composting conditions for 9 months is shown. The “elongation at break” indicator also undergoes significant changes. Taken together, this indicates the progress of the process of degradation of the objects of this study.
The choice of an environmentally oriented technology for water softening at water treatment facilities
Authors: Sambursky G A , Leont’eva S V , Molchanova Ya P , Krokhin G B 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The processes of softening drinking water have been studied quite widely, and the technologies used have a wide range of equipment used and aggregation capabilities. The development of membrane technologies provides virtually unlimited technological possibilities for water treatment [1], and classical ion exchange solutions are also widely used, more in industry [2]. Of course, the use of such solutions is associated with certain and considerable operating costs. At the same time, it is a well-known fact that modern softening systems require not only qualified and timely maintenance, but also form wastewater flows. Utilization of the generated wastewater can be a difficult task to solve, despite the advantages of membrane and ion exchange technologies in the processes of drinking water treatment, since water supply organizations are usually underfunded due to the social function of the water supply tariff [3]. This article shows the possibility of implementing environmental technology to reduce water hardness without the formation of associated wastewater. Softening in a suspended layer of sand refers to modern methods of reagent softening of water. These are the so-called devices of intensified softening.
Mechanisms for leveling the carbon footprint in the production of grain products
Authors: Amirova E F , Kirillova O V , Sadreeva A F , Nugumanova L F , Mukhametshina F A 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this study, an attempt was made to determine the mechanisms for leveling the carbon footprint in the production of grain based on the development of the concept of state regulation. The article considers the impact of grain production on the formation of a carbon footprint - greenhouse gas emissions (carbon dioxide, methane, nitrogen), which were produced both with human participation and without. The most important determinants of carbon emissions are nitrogen fertilizers (8-49%), straw combustion (0-70%), machine energy consumption (6-40%), irrigation energy consumption (0-44%) and CH4 emissions. from the fields (15-73%). The mechanisms for regulating the carbon footprint are described, an assessment of its economic impact on domestic agricultural production is given, the threats to the carbon footprint and ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions are identified.
Urban ecology: risks and priorities
Authors: Guschin I A 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The article considers the problem of urban pollution by industrial enterprises. The risks of exposure to harmful substances on the population of the urban environment are considered. A method for determining the list of priority substances for analysis is given and a methodology for assessing the risk of negative effects is proposed. When calculating the risk, possible failures of technological equipment and the appearance of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic substances in the environment with various mechanisms of spreading hazards to a given point in space are taken into account. The calculation takes into account the probability of changes in wind direction and speed (wind rose) for the last ten years. The probability of calculating the negative impact on people is represented by a threshold and threshold-free model. Principles and criteria of environmental pollution regulation have been developed to determine risk levels. The example shows the methodology for assessing exposure and the dose-effect relationship. The conclusion is made about the values of risk and measures to reduce it.
Energy evaluation of technologies of fallow lands restoration at high humidity depending on degree of weed infestation
Authors: Dzhabborov N I , Dobrinov A V , Shamonin V I 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The substantiation of a rational system for restoration of fallow lands is an actual task, because it speeds up their introducing into agricultural use which ultimately increases the volume of agricultural production. The aim of article is to determine the energy intensity of technological processes and technologies for restoration of abandoned lands at high humidity depending on the weed infestation of the fields. The subject of research is the evaluation of energy intensity of technological processes and technologies for the fallow lands restoration. The object of research is technological processes, methods of cultivation and technical means used in the technologies of fallow lands restoration. To substantiate the technological processes and technical means of fallow lands restoration, experimental research, analysis and compilation of experimental data were used. The scientific novelty of the work is formed by: the systems of criteria for the selection of technological processes; lands classification according to fertility, weed infestation and type of soil; the system of technological processes and the energy intensity of fallow lands restoration. It was found that the restoration of abandoned lands overgrown with young trees, small greens and perennial weeds needs an average of 7241.9 MJ per hectare. The abandoned fields overgrown with small shrubs, perennial weeds with a grass at a herbage height 40 cm need an average of 4572.6 MJ per hectare. The restoration of land with weeds up to 40 cm needs an average of 3818.8 MJ per hectare.
Seagrass of Enhalus Acoroides as a Traditional Body Scrubs in Preventing Malarial Bites by Pahawang Island Community in Indonesia
Authors: Noor N M , Febriani D , Ali M 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Finfish, mollusks, crustaceans, marine bacteria, and even sea plants are found in abundance in Indonesia’s oceans. The seagrass ecosystem is one of them, and it serves as a nursery or spawning site for aquatic animals. Despite the fact that functional qualities vary widely, there has been little research on the use of seagrass as a medicinal ingredient. The goal of this study is to investigate the usage of seagrass Enhalus acoroides as an anti-malarial chemical based on local knowledge from the ancient inhabitants of Pahawang Island, Lampung, Indonesia. The study was conducted using a survey, an interview, and a laboratory experiment. In the past, the ancient people of Pahawang Island utilized E. acoroides as a traditional scrub to avoid mosquito bites, according to the interview. Phytochemical research found that the active chemicals contained flavonoid, tannin, terpenoid, steroid, triterpenoid, and saponin, with yields ranging from 3.21 to 8.63 percent for ethanol solvents and 0.21-0.76 percent for n-hexane solvents.
Effects of Crop Rotation on Maize Soil Fertility in Alluvial Soil
Authors: Dang L V , Hung N N 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Crop rotation is a method for crop production diversification and soil fertility improvement. However, the effectiveness of crop rotation in improving soil quality may vary depending on soil types, climate, crops, and farming practices. This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of crop rotation on alluvial soil quality properties. Four crop rotation systems have been investigated, namely, maize-maize-maize (MMM), maize-mungbean-maize (MBM), maize-sesame-maize (MSM), and mungbean-chili-maize (BCM). The research was laid out in randomized complete block design with four replicates, and each plot area was 36 m2. The quality of the topsoil layer (0-20 cm) was assessed. Seven soil physicochemical parameters were selected: soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total nitrogen (Ntot), available phosphorus (Pavail), soil organic carbon (SOC), bulk density (BD), and cation exchange capacity (CEC). They were measured after the completion of the 1-year experiment. The results indicated that crop rotation did not affect the soil pH, EC, BD, and CEC but improved the SOC, Ntot, and Pavail. The SOC and Ntot contents in the MBM and BCM crop rotation systems were higher than those in MSM. Our results show that crop rotation systems improved maize soil fertility and are a beneficial option for a sustainable agriculture in alluvial soil.
The Potential of Bamboo Vinegar from PT. Bukit Asam Tbk-Pelabuhan Tarahan to Reduce Leaf Eating - Caterpillars of Caisim (Brassica Juncea L)
Authors: Novi Sesanti Rizka , Purnomo Ajis , Fahri AH , Mita Sari Reny 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The liquid smoke that potentially controls the attacks of leaf-eating caterpillars on caisim is bamboo liquid smoke. PT. Bukit Asam Tbk-Pelabuhan Tarahan, through their CSR program, produces liquid smoke from bamboo plant waste known as bamboo vinegar with the dominant compound component are 31.28% acetic acid; phenol 2-methoxy-guaiacol (12.95%); carbamic acid (11.23%); 2-heptanamine (6.75%) and phenol 4-methoxy-p-cresol (5.56%). This study aims to determine the effect of the application method and concentration of bamboo vinegar on the attack of leaf-eating caterpillars and plant yields of caisim (Brassica juncea L.). This study is a 2 x 4 factorial experiment using a randomized block design with three replications. The first factor is the method of application; pour and spray. The second factor was the concentration of bamboo vinegar; 0 (control); 5 ml/1; 10 ml/1 and 15 ml/1. Data analysis used the F test and LSD test at 5%. The results showed that applying bamboo vinegar by pouring it cannot reduce the level and intensity of attacks by leaf-eating caterpillars on caisim. While the application of bamboo vinegar by spraying can reduce the level and attack intensity of leaf-eating caterpillars on caisim. Bamboo vinegar which is sprayed in concentrations of 5, 10 and 15 ml/1, can reduce the attack rate of a leaf-eating caterpillars by 31.65%, 31.65% and 37.62%, respectively and reduce the intensity of leaf damage symptoms by 43.60%, 52.56% and 55.13% respectively. The application of bamboo vinegar with the concentration of 15 ml/1 either by pouring or spraying resulted in the highest wet weight and dry weight of the caisim crown, 114.67 g and 119.67 g, respectively. In comparison, the application of bamboo vinegar either by pouring or spraying with different concentrations did not affect the roots’ wet weight and the caisim roots’ dry weight.
Growth Response of Oil Palm Seedlings (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) at Several Intervals of KNO3 Fertilization in Main-Nursery
Authors: Utoyo B , Hartono JSS , Usodri KS , Yuliana W 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The objectives of this research to get the frequency and interval of potassium nitrate fertilizer suitable to optimize the growth of oil palm seedlings in the main-nursery. Research will be conducted at the Land Development Lampung State Polytechnic Campus 2 New City, South Lampung, Lampung or at Oil Palm Nursery Unit, Lampung State Polytechnic. The experimental design used a single treatment in a randomized block design (RAK) with 4 treatment levels with 6 repetitions. The treatments consisted of fertilizing KNO3 once a week (W1), fertilizing KNO3 every 2 weeks (W1), fertilizing KNO3 once every 3 weeks (W1), fertilizing KNO3 once every 4 weeks (W1). If the results of analysis of variance was significant it will proceed with the least significant difference test (LSD) at level α = 5%. The results showed that the difference in the frequency of kno3 fertilization resulted in significantly different growth of oil palm seedlings in the main nursery. The frequency of KNO3 fertilization once a week showed higher seedling growth in all observation variables when compared to other treatments and was not significantly different from KNO3 fertilization every 2 weeks.
Jajar Legowo Planting System on Peanut (Arachis Hypogaea, L)
Authors: Yuriansyah  , Sari E Y 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Peanut (Arachis hypogeae, L.) is the second most important food crop after soybean. The low production of peanuts in Indonesia is caused by various obstacles, namely the use of low seed production, poor land management, pest and disease attacks, suboptimal maintenance, and the influence of the season. These obstacles can be overcome by making efforts such as improving cropping methods and regulating plant populations. The purpose of this study was to obtain the best jajar legowo planting system for growth and yield. This study used a randomized block design, consisting of 4 treatments and four replications. The average test was carried out by the Tukey test at the 5% level. The results showed that the significance value of plant height parameters was 0.910; number of branches 0.313; number of filled pods 0.168; number of empty pods 0.974; pod fill weight 0.601; wet weight is 0.695. The results obtained showed that planting peanuts (Arachis hypogeae, L.) with the jajar legowo planting system in each treatment was not significantly different, so no further testing was carried out. So it can be said that the results of peanuts with the jajar legowo planting system are no different from other planting systems.
Growth and Yield of Patchouli (Pogostemon Cablin Benth) in Combination of Soil Améliorant and Fertilizer SP-36
Authors: Kusumastuti A , Indrawati W , Nurmayanti S , Afifah DA 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Patchouli cultivation requires a fairly high nutrient intake and requires intensive cultivation actions. Land that is still widely available for cultivation of plantation crops is marginal land, so that in patchouli cultivation it is necessary to have input in improving soil fertility. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of soil enhancer, P fertilizer (SP-36) and the interaction between soil enhancer and P fertilizer (SP-36) on the growth and yield of patchouli. The study used a completely randomized block design with a factorial pattern with two factors. First treatment of soil améliorant (100% soil); 25% soil improvement materials and 75% soil; 50% soil améliorant and 50% soil). The second factor was SP-36 fertilizer (without SP-36 fertilizer; 1.8 g SP-36; 3.6 g SP-36, and 5.4 g SP-36 per plant). Each treatment combination was repeated three times. The variables observed were plant height, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, ratio of shoot and root dry weight, and patchouli yield. The results showed that the application of soil amendments at a dose of 25% and 50% in the planting medium gave better results on plant height, crown dry weight, and root dry weight, as well as the ratio of shoot and root dry weight. The application of SP-36 fertilizer and interactions at various doses did not have an effect on plant height, shoot dry weight, and root dry weight. The highest patchouli yield was found in the combination treatment of 25% soil améliorant and 5.4 g SP-36 on planting media with a yield of 4.2%.
Yield Trial of Cassava Clones at Natar, South Lampung
Authors: Utomo S D , Kusuma A , Firdaus I , Edy A , Setiawan K , Karyanto A 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Preliminary yield trials (PYTs) are one of the steps in cultivar development of cassava by testing, characterizing, and selecting the promising clones. The objective of this study was to evaluate the yield of cassava clones in the University of Lampung Experimental Station, Natar, South Lampung. This study consisted of two experiments, Experiment A and B. A completely randomized block design was used for both experiments. Experiment A and B evaluated 17 clones with two replications and 13 clones with three replications respectively. Cultivar UJ 5 was used as the standard for both experiments. BL 100 produced starch weight per plant (0.21 kg), higher than the standard UJ 5 (0.11 kg). Nibung produced starch weight per plant (0.50 kg), higher than the standard UJ5 clone (0.37 kg). BL 100, Kasetsart Ungu, UJ 3 Kc and BL-01 were the promising clones selected from Experiment A. Nibung, Randu, Korem Gatam, and MU 111 were the promising clones selected from Experiment B.