bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biases in Retrospective Perceptions of Changes in Well-Being Associated With Aging Attitudes
Authors: Hess Thomas M , Park Jeongsoo , Fung Helene H , Rothermund Klaus 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Aging attitudes have important consequences on functioning in later life. A critical question concerns whether such attitudes may bias perceptions of one’s own aging, with potentially negative effects on important outcomes.

Methods
Using data from adults aged 30–85 years in Germany (n = 623), Hong Kong (n = 317), and the United States (n = 313), we examined the impact of age and aging attitudes on accuracy of perceptions of change in well-being over 5 years in different domains of functioning.

Results
Across contexts, comparisons revealed good correspondence between retrospective reports and actual change. However, older adults and those with negative attitudes retrospectively reported less positive change over this period. Inconsistent with expectations, attitudes did not consistently bias accuracy of retrospective reports over cultures and domains of functioning, nor did age have a consistent moderating effect on the impact of attitudes on accuracy.

Discussion
The results highlight the complex relationship between various personal characteristics and perceptions of change in well-being, as well as the potentially insidious effects of attitudes on the accuracy of these perceptions.
Tectonic evolution of the Liupan Shan fold-and-thrust belt, NE Tibetan Plateau during the late Cenozoic: numerical simulations
Authors: Zhou Shuhong , Hu Caibo , Zhang Kai-Jun , Orellana-Rovirosa Felipe , Shi Yaolin 
Published: July 2022

SUMMARY
The propagation of Tibetan Plateau high-elevation towards the Asian interior remains poorly understood. We conduct a series of 2-D viscoelastic plastic finite element models addressing the development of the Liupan Shan fold-and-thrust belt with multiple detachments in the NE Tibetan Plateau. We focus on the spatio–temporal relations of the Liupan Shan fold-and-thrust belt and dynamic mechanisms of growth in the NE margin of Tibetan Plateau during the late Cenozoic. Our models, consisting of a seismically-constrained two-layer-crust (of variable thicknesses) plus lithospheric mantle consider tectonic horizontal contraction and the influence of elastoplastic materials, including Model 1 (only the upper crust is elastoplastic), Model 2 (both the upper crust and the middle part of the lower crust are elastoplastic) and Model 3 (the whole lithosphere is elastoplastic). The results show that Model 1 can only reflect the properties of shallow detachment layer. Models 2 and 3 can better reflect the properties of multidetachment layers and approximately represent the process of fold-and-thrust belt formation and evolution; thus suggesting the importance of plastic rheology in the deep crust. In addition, Model 3 suggests that the pre-existing fault near the Moho below Liupan Shan is activated during the evolution process of ∼8 Ma. In summary, the results embody that the initiation and evolution of the fold-and-thrust belt depend on detachment structures: the deep and shallow detachments control the evolution of surface deformation and fold-and-thrust belt altogether. The simulated surface deformation is generally consistent with actual surface elevation distribution. Moreover, the growth of the Liupan Shan range may represent an expansion of the NE Tibetan Plateau toward the Ordos basin vicinity. Additionally, the tectonically driven uplift of Liupan Shan area supports the general crustal shortening tectonic mechanism of the Tibetan Plateau.
The C4 protein of tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia virus primes drought tolerance in tomato through morphological adjustments
Authors: Pagliarani Chiara , Moine Amedeo , Chitarra Walter , Nerva Luca , Catoni Marco , Tavazza Raffaela , Matić Slavica , Vallino Marta , Secchi Francesca , Noris Emanuela 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Viruses can interfere with the ability of plants to overcome abiotic stresses, indicating the existence of common molecular networks that regulate stress responses. A begomovirus causing the tomato yellow leaf curl disease was recently shown to enhance heat tolerance in tomato and drought tolerance in tomato and Nicotiana benthamiana and experimental evidence suggested that the virus-encoded protein C4 is the main trigger of drought responses. However, the physiological and molecular events underlying C4-induced drought tolerance need further elucidation. In this study, transgenic tomato plants expressing the tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia virus (TYLCSV) C4 protein were subjected to severe drought stress, followed by recovery. Morphometric parameters, water potential, gas exchanges, and hormone contents in leaves were measured, in combination with molecular analysis of candidate genes involved in stress response and hormone metabolism. Collected data proved that the expression of TYLCSV C4 positively affected the ability of transgenic plants to tolerate water stress, by delaying the onset of stress-related features, improving the plant water use efficiency and facilitating a rapid post-rehydration recovery. In addition, we demonstrated that specific anatomical and hydraulic traits, rather than biochemical signals, are the keynote of the C4-associated stress resilience. Our results provide novel insights into the biology underpinning drought tolerance in TYLCSV C4-expressing tomato plants, paving the way for further deepening the mechanism through which such proteins tune the plant-virus interaction.
Modular regulation of floral traits by aPRE1homolog inMimulus verbenaceus: implications for the role of pleiotropy in floral integration
Authors: Chen Hongfei , Xiao Zheng , Ding Baoqing , Diggle Pamela K , Yuan Yao-Wu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFloral traits often show correlated variation within and among species. For species with fused petals, strong correlations among corolla tube, stamen, and pistil length are particularly prevalent, and these three traits are considered an intra-floral functional module. Pleiotropy has long been implicated in such modular integration of floral traits, but empirical evidence based on actual gene function is scarce. We tested the role of pleiotropy in the expression of intra-floral modularity in the monkeyflower species Mimulus verbenaceus by transgenic manipulation of a homolog of Arabidopsis PRE1. Downregulation of MvPRE1 by RNA interference resulted in simultaneous decreases in the lengths of corolla tube, petal lobe, stamen, and pistil, but little change in calyx and leaf lengths or organ width. Overexpression of MvPRE1 caused increased corolla tube and stamen lengths, with little effect on other floral traits. Our results suggest that genes like MvPRE1 can indeed regulate multiple floral traits in a functional module but meanwhile have little effect on other modules, and that pleiotropic effects of these genes may have played an important role in the evolution of floral integration and intra-floral modularity.
Hospitalization Experiences and Post-traumatic Stress in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Opportunities for Change
Authors: Taft Tiffany H , McGarva Josie , Omprakash Tina A , Tomasino Kathryn , Pandit Anjali , Mutlu Ece A , Hanauer Stephen B 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Medical trauma related to IBD (IBD-PTS) affects approximately 25% of patients and is associated with poor outcomes. Prior studies identify common hospitalization experiences as potentially traumatic but have not measured risk relationships for the development of IBD-PTS. We aim to investigate what aspects of hospitalizations may increase the chance of medical trauma and IBD-PTS development.

Methods
Adult patients with IBD enrolled in the IBD Partners database were recruited. Study specific questionnaires included PTSD checklist, 5th edition (PCL-5), patient experience questionnaire, and items about the patient’s most stressful hospitalization and nonhospital sources of medical trauma. Established criteria for the PCL-5 identified significant IBD-PTS symptoms (re-experiencing, avoidance, mood change, hyperarousal, global diagnosis). Select disease and treatment information was obtained from the main IBD Partners dataset. Univariate and multivariate statistics evaluated the relationships between hospitalization data and IBD-PTS.

Results
There were 639 participants with at least 1 hospitalization for IBD included. Approximately two-thirds had Crohn’s disease; most were White, non-Hispanic, female, middle-aged, and reported their IBD as being in remission. Forty percent of patients stated a hospitalization was a source of IBD-PTS. Frequent anxiety while hospitalized increased the odds of IBD-PTS 2 to 4 times; similar relationships existed for pain/pain control. Higher quality communication, information, and listening skills reduced the odds of IBD-PTS, albeit marginally.

Conclusions
Patients with IBD consistently cite hospitalizations as potential sources of medical trauma. Poorly managed anxiety and pain demonstrate the greatest chance for IBD-PTS development. Gender and racial/ethnic differences emerged for these risks. Positive interactions with the medical team may help mitigate in-hospital IBD-PTS development.
Complete resolution of paraneoplastic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion following thymic small-cell carcinoma thoracoscopic resection
Authors: Hemmati Pouya , Cassivi Stephen D 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Thymic neuroendocrine tumours are rare anterior mediastinal neoplasms often associated with paraneoplastic syndromes. A patient presented with intractable hyponatraemia and a DOTATATE-avid mediastinal mass. Following medical optimization, she underwent thoracoscopic thymectomy with en bloc thymic small-cell carcinoma resection. Her symptoms resolved and her sodium levels normalized. In localized disease, curative-intent, minimally invasive thymic neuroendocrine tumour resection is safe and effective following preoperative staging and paraneoplastic syndrome management.
Risk factors for early adverse outcomes after bovine jugular vein conduit implantation: influence of oversized conduit on the outcomes
Authors: Kim Dong-Hee , Kwon Young Kern , Choi Eun Seok , Kwon Bo Sang , Park Chun Soo , Yun Tae-Jin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
We investigated potential risk factors for early failure of bovine jugular vein conduit (Contegra®) implantation for right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) reconstruction.

METHODS
A single-centre retrospective review of 115 consecutive patients (54 males) who underwent RVOT reconstruction with Contegra between 2016 and 2019 was performed. Overall survival, explantation-free survival and freedom from significant RVOT lesions (valve regurgitation ≥ moderate or flow velocity ≥3.5 m/s) were investigated.

RESULTS
Median age, body weight and Contegra diameter were 10.3 months [interquartile range (IQR) 5.7–26.9 months], 7.8 kg (IQR 6.3–12.4 kg) and 14 mm (IQR 12–16 mm), respectively. During the median follow-up duration of 25.1 months, there were 7 deaths, 34 significant RVOT lesions, 10 endocarditis episodes and 15 explantations. Overall survival and explantation-free survival at 3 years were 94.8% and 78.4%, respectively. Significant RVOT lesions (n = 34) comprised 20 stenoses, 8 regurgitations and 6 combined lesions. Freedom from significant RVOT lesions at 3 years was 62.6%. Cox regression identified higher indexed Contegra size (Contegra diameter/body weight, mm/kg) as the only risk factor for decreased time to explantation or death (hazard ratio 2.32, P &lt; 0.001) and time to significant RVOT lesions development (hazard ratio 2.75, P &lt; 0.001). The cut-off value of indexed Contegra size for significant RVOT lesions at 12 months was 1.905 mm/kg (sensitivity, 0.75; specificity, 0.78; area under the curve, 0.82).

CONCLUSIONS
Outcomes of RVOT reconstruction using Contegra were acceptable. However, oversized Contegra should be avoided when possible.

IRB APPROVAL DATE
26 October 2020.

IRB REGISTRATION NUMBER
S2020-2505-0001
Ex vivo evaluation of the Ozaki procedure in comparison with the native aortic valve and prosthetic valves
Authors: Saisho Hiroyuki , Scharfschwerdt Michael , Schaller Tim , Sadat Najla , Aboud Anas , Ensminger Stephan , Fujita Buntaro 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
We investigated the hydrodynamic performance and cusp kinematics of the Ozaki neocuspidized aortic valve in comparison with the native aortic and prosthetic valves in an ex vivo study.

METHODS
Native aortic valves of swine hearts were replaced by aortic valve substitutes, and their hydrodynamic performance (effective orifice area and mean pressure gradient) was evaluated in a mock circulation under defined conditions. The following aortic valve substitutes were investigated: native aortic valve, Ozaki valve, Perimount Magna Ease, Trifecta and St. Jude Medical Masters. All prosthetic valves had a labelled size of 21 mm.

RESULTS
The Ozaki valve and native aortic valve showed a similar and significantly larger orifice area than all investigated prosthetic valves particularly at high flow rates. There was no significant difference between the Ozaki valve and the native aortic valve. The native aortic valve and Ozaki valve showed a similar increase in orifice area with increasing flow through the valve while prosthetic valves showed a markedly weaker increase. Similarly, the native and Ozaki valve showed a similar increase in mPG with forward flow which was weaker than prosthetic valves. Cusp kinematics were similar between the native and Ozaki valve, whilst prosthetic valves were clearly distinguishable from them.

CONCLUSIONS
The Ozaki procedure showed excellent hydrodynamic performance compared to prosthetic valves and showed similar cusp motion characteristics to the native aortic valve. Our results suggest that the Ozaki neocuspidized valve behaves physiologically in many aspects, which may contribute to beneficial clinical outcomes.
Aripiprazole vs Risperidone Head-to-Head Effectiveness in First-Episode Non-Affective-Psychosis: A 3-Month Randomized, Flexible-Dose, Open-Label Clinical Trial
Authors: Garrido-Sánchez Lucía , Gómez-Revuelta Marcos , Ortiz-García de la Foz Víctor , Pelayo-Terán José María , Juncal-Ruiz María , Ruiz-Veguilla Miguel , Mayoral-Van Son Jacqueline , Ayesa-Arriola Rosa , Vázquez-Bourgon Javier , Crespo-Facorro Benedicto 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
Antipsychotic choice for the acute phase of a first episode of psychosis (FEP) is of the utmost importance since it may influence long-term outcome. However, head-to-head comparisons between second-generation antipsychotics remain scarce. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness in the short term of aripiprazole and risperidone after FEP outbreak.

Methods
From February 2011 to October 2018, a prospective, randomized, open-label study was undertaken. Two hundred-sixty-six first-episode drug-naïve patients were randomly assigned to aripiprazole (n = 136) or risperidone (n = 130) and followed-up for 12 weeks. The primary effectiveness measure was all-cause treatment discontinuation. In addition, an analysis based on intention-to-treat principle was conducted to assess clinical efficacy.

Results
The overall dropout rate at 12 weeks was small (6.39%). Effectiveness measures were similar between treatment arms as treatment discontinuation rates (χ 2 = 0,409; P = .522), and mean time to all-cause discontinuation (log rank χ 2 = −1.009; P = .316) showed no statistically significant differences. Despite no statistically significant differences between groups regarding clinical efficacy, aripiprazole required higher chlorpromazine equivalent dosage (χ 2 = 2.160; P = .032) and extended mean time (W = 8183.5; P = .008) to reach clinical response. Sex-related adverse events and rigidity were more frequent in the risperidone group, whereas sialorrhea was on the aripiprazole group.

Conclusions
No differences regarding effectiveness were found between aripiprazole and risperidone for the short-phase treatment of FEP. Despite the importance of efficacy during this phase, differences in side effect profiles and patient’s preferences are essential factors that may lead clinical decisions for these patients.

Clinicaltrials.gov
NCT02532491. Effectiveness of Second-Generation Antipsychotics in First Episode Psychosis Patients: 1-year Follow-up (PAFIP3_1Y).
A second-order accurate numerical scheme for a time-fractional Fokker–Planck equation
Authors: Mustapha Kassem , Knio Omar M , Le Maître Olivier P 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A second-order accurate time-stepping scheme for solving a time-fractional Fokker–Planck equation of order $\alpha \in (0, 1)$, with a general driving force, is investigated. A stability bound for the semidiscrete solution is obtained for $\alpha \in (1/2,1)$ via a novel and concise approach. Our stability estimate is $\alpha $-robust in the sense that it remains valid in the limiting case where $\alpha $ approaches $1$ (when the model reduces to the classical Fokker–Planck equation), a limit that presents practical importance. Concerning the error analysis, we obtain an optimal second-order accurate estimate for $\alpha \in (1/2,1)$. A time-graded mesh is used to compensate for the singular behavior of the continuous solution near the origin. The time-stepping scheme scheme is associated with a standard spatial Galerkin finite element discretization to numerically support our theoretical contributions. We employ the resulting fully discrete computable numerical scheme to perform some numerical tests. These tests suggest that the imposed time-graded meshes assumption could be further relaxed, and we observe second-order accuracy even for the case $\alpha \in (0,1/2]$, that is, outside the range covered by the theory.
From the Myth ofSelf-Governmentto the Rise ofHoloptism: Another Genealogy of Liberal Governmentality
Authors: Jacob Théo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA long-standing critique of liberalism is that it is both amoral and anti-communitarian. Bound to the totemic figures of the Law and the Market, the “liberal art of governing” is unable to conceive of social regulations outside this twin rational framework. However, the 1990s saw the international dissemination of State managerial reform—embodied by the slogan “doing better with less”—where entrepreneurial practices coexist with participatory and decentralizing policies. In the context of State redeployment, an emerging strategy is evolving as economic neoliberalism merges with cooperative liberalism inspired by the American myth of self-government. By establishing a genealogy for this other side of liberal governmentality, this paper demonstrates how contemporary neo-progressivism emphasizes “holoptic” technologies. By encouraging a “proactive citizenship” through moral and community coercion, holoptic technologies can provide new resources to resurgent authoritarianism. Thus, the study of governmentality within the field of international political sociology should take into account a power architecture that is based on the local scale and implemented by States in a context of convergence of global political orders.
New Xyleborine (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) Genus With an Afrotropical-Neotropical Distribution
Authors: Osborn Rachel K , Smith Sarah M , Cognato Anthony I 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Plant-associated arthropods have been shown to cross large oceanic distances on floating plant material and to establish themselves on distant landmasses. Xyleborini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) ambrosia beetles occur in forests worldwide and are likely capable of long range dispersal. In less than 20 million years, this group dispersed from Asia to tropical regions of Africa and South America. The phylogeny, taxonomy, and biogeography of one Xyleborus species group which occurs on both continents are reviewed for this study. Based on a well-resolved molecular phylogeny resulting from parsimony, likelihood, and Bayesian analyses of four gene loci, we describe a new monophyletic genus, Xenoxylebora Osborn, Smith & Cognato, gen. nov., for this bicontinental Xyleborus species group with seven Afrotropical and six Neotropical species. Six new species are described: Xenoxylebora pilosa Osborn, Smith & Cognato, sp. nov. from Africa, and Xenoxylebora addenda Osborn, Smith & Cognato, sp. nov., Xenoxylebora calculosa Osborn, Smith & Cognato, sp. nov., Xenoxylebora hystricosa Osborn, Smith & Cognato, sp. nov., Xenoxylebora serrata Osborn, Smith & Cognato, sp. nov., and Xenoxylebora sulcata Osborn, Smith & Cognato, sp. nov., from South America. Seven new combinations from Xyleborus are proposed: Xenoxylebora caudata (Schedl 1957) comb. nov., Xenoxylebora collarti (Eggers 1932) comb. nov., Xenoxylebora perdiligens (Schedl 1937) comb. nov., Xenoxylebora sphenos (Sampson 1912) comb. nov., Xenoxylebora subcrenulata (Eggers 1932) comb. nov., and Xenoxylebora syzygii (Nunberg 1959) comb. nov. from Africa, and Xenoxylebora neosphenos (Schedl 1976) comb. nov. from South America. One new synonym is proposed: Xenoxylebora sphenos (Sampson 1912) = Xyleborus tenellusSchedl 1957 syn. nov. Descriptions, diagnoses, images, and a key to the identification of all 13 species are provided. The sequence of colonization between Africa and South America is uncertain for Xenoxylebora. Prevailing ocean currents and predominant locality patterns observed for other organisms suggest an African Xenoxylebora origin. However, the phylogeny, biogeographical analyses, and a calibrated divergence time suggest a possible South American origin for African Xenoxylebora (2.3 Ma, 95% HDP 4.5–0.6 Ma), which is supported by the occurrence of ocean counter currents between the continents and evidence of dispersal from South America to Africa among some plant and arthropod taxa.
When Do Diplomatic Protests Boomerang? Foreign Protests against US Arms Sales and Domestic Public Support in Taiwan
Authors: Kagotani Koji , Wu Wen-Chin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Diplomatic protests convey one government's displeasure with the policies of another government. Yet, public support for their own government's policies can be influenced by the actions of others, so diplomatic protests have the potential to increase domestic support for the policy within the target country. A rally-’round-the-flag effect has been found to be associated with wars, crises, and sanctions. Here, we assess the existence of such an effect in relation to diplomatic protests by foreign governments. Using a survey experiment, we assess the impact of foreign government protests—specifically protests by China—against US arms sales to Taiwan on public support for Taiwan's government and its policies. We find that who lodges the protest, whether it is an adversary or a supporter, is more important than the language of the protest itself. We argue that diplomatic protests create a dilemma—lodging complaints about the behavior of other governments can increase public support for those very policies in the target country.