bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Migration is associated with baseline severity and progress over time in autism spectrum disorder: Evidence from a French prospective longitudinal study
Authors: Bettencourt Carlotta , Garret-Gloanec Nicole , Pellerin Hugues , Péré Morgane , Squillante Maria , Roos-Weil Fabienne , Ferrand Léa , Pernel Anne-Sophie , Apter Gisèle , Cohen David 
Published: October 2022

Background
The prevalence of autism-spectrum disorder (ASD) has been shown to be higher in migrant families, but it is also a challenge for health care professionals to offer adequate services to families that face multiple challenges. In the context of the EPIGRAM study (a French prospective, multisite, longitudinal observational study implementing integrative care practices (ICPs) for children with ASD), we aimed to assess the impact of migration on children with ASD.

Method and findings
89 children with ASD aged 3 to 6 years old (92% males) were recruited and followed up for 12 months. The children were clinically assessed using several instruments. At baseline, children had severe autism on average on the Children Autism Rating Scale (CARS, mean = 44; SD = 6.51) and moderate autism on the PsychoEducational profile-3-R (PEP-3-R) maladaptive behavior category (mean = 30; SD = 29.89). Thirty percent of the families had a low socio-economic status, and 56% were first-generation immigrants. For all clinical variables, children of immigrant parents had more severe autism and developmental delays at baseline. A linear mixed model established an improvement in all clinical characteristics over the 12 months of the study. This trend may be attributed to ICPs or any naturally occurring event during that period. Families shared this positive view over time. However, the improvements were slower for two clinical dimensions of the PEP-3-R in children from migrant families. For the inappropriate behavior category, the time effect diminished by an average of 0.83 percentile/month for children whose parents were migrants vs. children whose parents were non-migrants. Similarly, for verbal behavior characteristics, the time effect diminished by an average of 1.32 percentile/month for children whose parents were migrants vs. children whose parents were non-migrants.

Conclusion
Despite an overall positive improvement, we found that migration is associated baseline severity and progress over time in children with ASD. There is an urgent need to target the migrant population with specific research and understand the avenues that carry such higher severity.

Clinical trial registration
Study registration on clinicaltrials.gov under the number NCT02154828.
In-person training on COVID-19 case management and infection prevention and control: Evaluation of healthcare professionals in Bangladesh
Authors: Shahrin Lubaba , Parvin Irin , Sarmin Monira , Abbassi Nayem Akhter , Ackhter Mst. Mahmuda , Alam Tahmina , Mamun Gazi Md. Salahuddin , Rahman Aninda , Shaima Shamsun Nahar , Shikha Shamima Sharmin , Jeorge Didarul Haque , Nahar Mst. Arifun , Sharifuzzaman  , Saha Haimanti , Rahman Abu Sayem Mirza Md Hasibur , Shahid Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayeem Bin , Faruque A. S. G. , Ahmed Tahmeed , Chisti Mohammod Jobayer 
Published: October 2022

Background
As COVID-19 was declared a global pandemic, the major focus of healthcare organizations shifted towards preparing healthcare systems to handle the inevitable COVID-19 burden at different phases and levels. A series of in-person training programs were operated in collaboration with government and partner organizations for the healthcare workers (HCW) of Bangladesh. This study aimed to assess the knowledge of HCWs regarding SARS-CoV-2 infection, their case management, infection prevention and control to fight against the ongoing pandemic.

Methods
As a part of the National Preparedness and Response Plan for COVID-19 in Bangladesh, the training program was conducted at four district-level hospitals and one specialized hospital in Bangladesh from July 1, 2020 to June 30, 2021. A total of 755 HCWs participated in the training sessions. Among them, 357 (47%) were enrolled for the evaluation upon completion of the data, collected from one district hospital (Feni) and one specialized hospital (National Institute of Mental Health).

Results
The mean percentage of pre-test and post-test scores of all the participants were found to be 57% (95% CI 8.34–8.91; p 0.01) and 65% (95% CI 9.56–10.15; p <0.001) respectively. The difference of score (mean) between the groups was significant (p<0.001). After categorizing participants’ knowledge levels as poor, average and fair, doctors’ group has shown to have significant enhancement from level of average to fair compared to that of the nurses. Factors associated with knowledge augmentation of doctors were working in primary health care centers (aOR: 4.22; 95% CI: 1.80, 9.88), job experience less than 5 years (aOR: 4.10; 95% CI: 1.01, 16.63) and experience in caring of family member with COVID-19 morbidity (aOR: 2.06; 95% CI: 1.03, 4.10), after adjusting for relevant covariates such as age, sex and prior COVID-19 illness.

Conclusion
Considering the series of waves of COVID-19 pandemic with newer variants, the present paper underscores the importance of implementing the structured in-person training program on case management, infection prevention and control for the HCWs that may help for successful readiness prior to future pandemics that may further help to minimize the pandemic related fatal consequences.
Evolution of antithrombotic therapy for patients with atrial fibrillation: The prospective global GLORIA-AF registry program
Authors: Beier Lea , Lu Shihai , França Lionel Riou , Marler Sabrina , Lip Gregory Y. H. , Huisman Menno V. , Teutsch Christine , Halperin Jonathan L. , Zint Kristina , Diener Hans-Christoph , Baker Laurie , Ma Chang-Sheng , Paquette Miney , Bartels Dorothee B. , Dubner Sergio J. , Lyrer Philippe , Senges Jochen , Rothman Kenneth J. 
Published: October 2022

Objective
To assess baseline characteristics and antithrombotic treatment (ATT) prescription patterns in patients enrolled in the third phase of the GLORIA-AF Registry Program, evaluate predictors of treatment prescription, and compare results with phase II.

Methods
GLORIA-AF is a large, global, prospective registry program, enrolling patients with newly diagnosed nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) at risk of stroke. Patients receiving dabigatran were followed for two years in phase II, and all patients were followed for 3 years in phase III. Phase II started when dabigatran became available; phase III started when the characteristics of patients receiving dabigatran became roughly comparable with those receiving vitamin K antagonists (VKAs).

Results
Between 2014 and 2016, 21,241 patients were enrolled in phase III. In total, 82% of patients were prescribed oral anticoagulation ([OAC]; 59.5% novel/nonvitamin K oral anticoagulants [NOACs], 22.7% VKAs). A further 11% of patients were prescribed antiplatelets without OAC and 7% were prescribed no ATT. A high stroke risk was the main driver of OAC prescription. Factors associated with prescription of VKA over NOAC included type of site, region, physician specialty, and impaired kidney function.

Conclusion
Over the past few years, data from phase III of GLORIA-AF show that OACs have become the standard treatment option, with most newly diagnosed AF patients prescribed a NOAC. However, in some regions a remarkable proportion of patients remain undertreated. In comparison with phase II, more patients received NOACs in phase III while the prescription of VKA decreased. VKAs were preferred over NOACs in patients with impaired kidney function.
Feasibility of a novel non-invasive swab technique for serial whole-exome sequencing of cervical tumors during chemoradiation therapy
Authors: Bronk Julianna K. , Kapadia Chiraag , Wu Xiaogang , Chapman Bhavana V. , Wang Rui , Karpinets Tatiana V. , Song Xingzhi , Futreal Andrew M. , Zhang Jianhua , Klopp Ann H. , Colbert Lauren E. 
Published: October 2022

Background
Clinically relevant genetic predictors of radiation response for cervical cancer are understudied due to the morbidity of repeat invasive biopsies required to obtain genetic material. Thus, we aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of a novel noninvasive cervical swab technique to (1) collect tumor DNA with adequate throughput to (2) perform whole-exome sequencing (WES) at serial time points over the course of chemoradiation therapy (CRT).

Methods
Cervical cancer tumor samples from patients undergoing chemoradiation were collected at baseline, at week 1, week 3, and at the completion of CRT (week 5) using a noninvasive swab-based biopsy technique. Swab samples were analyzed with whole-exome sequencing (WES) with mutation calling using a custom pipeline optimized for shallow whole-exome sequencing with low tumor purity (TP). Tumor mutation changes over the course of treatment were profiled.

Results
216 samples were collected and successfully sequenced for 70 patients (94% of total number of tumor samples collected). A total of 33 patients had a complete set of samples at all four time points. The mean mapping rate was 98% for all samples, and the mean target coverage was 180. Estimated TP was greater than 5% for all samples. Overall mutation frequency decreased during CRT but mapping rate and mean target coverage remained at >98% and >180 reads at week 5.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates the feasibility and application of a noninvasive swab-based technique for WES analysis which may be applied to investigate dynamic tumor mutational changes during treatment to identify novel genes which confer radiation resistance.
Health system cost of breast cancer treatment in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Demeke Tamiru , Ayele Wondimu , Haile Mariam Damen , Wienke Andreas , Assefa Mathewos , Addissie Adamu , Mikolajczyk Rafael , Unverzagt Susanne , Kantelhardt Eva Johanna 
Published: October 2022

Background
Breast cancer is the leading cancer among women with an annual crude incidence of 27.4 per 100,000 in Ethiopia. The aims of this study were to (a) estimate the unit cost of breast cancer treatment for the standard Ethiopian patient, (b) identify the cost drivers, (c) project the total cost of breast cancer treatment for the next five years, and (d) estimate the economic burden of the disease in the main specialized tertiary hospital—Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH) Addis Ababa.

Methods
Primary data were collected from health and non-health professionals. Secondary data were collected from patient`s charts and official reports from various national and international organisations including data from TASH. To establish work-time estimates, we asked professionals on their time usage.

Result
A total of US$ 33,261 was incurred to treat 52 Addis Ababa resident female breast cancer patients in TASH between July 2017 and June 2019. The unit cost of treatment for a hypothetical breast cancer patient to complete her treatment was US$ 536 for stage I and US$ 705 for stage II and III using the existing infrastructure. This cost increased to US$ 955 for stage I and US$ 1157 for stage II and III when infrastructure amortization was considered. The projected total costs of breast cancer treatment in TASH is between US$ 540,000 and US$ 1.48million. However, this will increase to US$ 870,000 and US$ 2.29 million when the existing fixed assets are changed.

Conclusion
The economic burden of breast cancer treatment is high compared to the economic status of the country. Thus, it is recommended that TASH should revise its charges and breast cancer should be included in the Social and Community based health insurance scheme.
JEL classification: H51, H75, I18, P46
Prevalence and associated factors of inappropriate hospital admissions and days of children in a secondary hospital in Shanghai, China
Authors: Liu Wenwei , Zhang Huimin , Zhang Haichen , Lyu Tongzhou , Yuan Suwei 
Published: October 2022

Background
Although the appropriateness of hospital utilization of adults and the elderly in China was audited by several studies, the appropriateness of hospital use by children in Shanghai remains to be determined. This study aims to assess the level of inappropriate hospital admissions and hospital days, to detect factors associated with inappropriateness, and to elucidate reasons for inappropriateness.

Methods
A retrospective review of the records of 291 admissions and 1449 hospital days of children inpatients from a secondary hospital in Shanghai was performed by two reviewers using the Chinese version Pediatric Appropriateness Evaluation Protocol (C-PAEP). Demographics, socio-economic characteristics, and other admission- or hospital stay-related information were collected and analyzed to determine factors associated with inappropriateness utilizing multivariate regression models.

Results
38.5% (n = 112) of admissions and 9.5% (n = 137) of hospital days were categorized as inappropriate, according to the C-PAEP. Children who were non-Shanghai residents (p < 0.001), admitted through the emergency sector (p = 0.030), and/or received services in a surgical ward (p < 0.001) had a higher risk of being admitted inappropriately. Payment method (p = 0.006), service type (p < 0.001), comorbidity (p = 0.016), length of stay (p = 0.007), and appropriateness of admission (p < 0.001) were found to be associated with prevalence of inappropriate hospital days. Approximately three-fourths of the inappropriate admissions were premature admissions (75.9%, n = 85). The most frequent reasons for inappropriate hospital days were awaiting test results (34.3%, n = 47), awaiting surgery (19.7%, n = 27), awaiting test execution (10.9%, n = 15), and family unprepared for home care (10.9%, n = 15).

Conclusions
Although the extent of inappropriate hospital days was moderate compared with that found by previous investigations, the prevalence of inappropriateness of admission was considerable. To enhance the appropriateness of hospital care for children, interventions could be implemented according to the associated factors and identified causes.
Ustekinumab-Associated Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in a Patient With Crohn's Disease
Authors: Jordan Ariel , Kinnucan Jami 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Ustekinumab is a common biologic therapy for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is an uncommon condition consisting of a constellation of neurologic findings and characteristic findings on imaging. The association between ustekinumab and PRES is not well defined. We present a case of PRES in a patient with Crohn's disease on ustekinumab and a brief review of the literature. Clinicians should be aware of this rare complication with high morbidity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease on ustekinumab and be able to recognize clinical symptoms.
The effects of breastfeeding and formula feeding on the metabolic factors and the expression level of obesity and diabetes‐predisposing genes in healthy infants
Authors: Cheshmeh Sahar , Nachvak Seyed Mostafa , Hojati Niloofar , Elahi Negin , Heidarzadeh‐Esfahani Neda , Saber Amir 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDiabetes mellitus (DM) and obesity are common illnesses characterized by glucose metabolism issues and excessive weight gain. Breastfeeding is the best way to feed a newborn up to 6 months old and it has been shown to reduce the risk of diabetes and obesity later in life due to its nutritional properties. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of breastfeeding, formula feeding, and formula‐plus breastfeeding (mix‐feeding) on the anthropometric indices, metabolic variables, and the expression level of obesity and diabetes‐predisposing genes of healthy infants. A total of 150 healthy infants were enrolled in this cross‐sectional study. All infants (aged 24 months) were divided into three groups based on the type of feeding, breastfeeding, formula feeding, and mix‐feeding. The anthropometric indices, glycemic indexes, lipid profile, and the expression levels of acetyl‐coenzyme A carboxylase beta (ACACB), brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), liver X receptor α (LXR‐α), peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ (PPAR‐γ), and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) genes were measured in all infants using reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) method. The anthropometric indices including weight, height, head circumference, insulin, total cholesterol (TC), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) were lower in the breastfeeding infants in comparison to other groups. As well, the expression level of the ACACB gene was significantly downregulated in breastfeeding infants, while the PPAR‐γ gene was significantly upregulated, but the expression levels of LXR‐ α, PTEN and BDNF did not change significantly across groups. Breastfeeding compared to formula feeding had positive effects on anthropometric indices, metabolic variables, and diabetes‐predisposing genes.
Assessment of cerebrovascular function in patients with sickle cell disease using transfer function analysis
Authors: Sayin Ece Su , Sobczyk Olivia , Poublanc Julien , Mikulis David J. , Fisher Joseph A. , Kuo Kevin H. M. , Duffin James 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn patients with sickle cell disease (SCD), the delivery of oxygen to the brain is compromised by anemia, abnormal rheology, and steno‐occlusive vascular disease. Successful compensation depends on an increase in oxygen supply such as that provided by an increase in cerebral blood flow (CBF). We used magnetic resonance imaging to provide a high‐resolution assessment of the ability of SCD patients to respond to a vasoactive stimulus in middle, anterior, and posterior cerebral artery territories for both white and gray matter. Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) was measured as the blood oxygen level dependent signal (a surrogate for CBF) response to an increase in the end tidal partial pressure of CO2 (PETCO2). The dynamic aspect of the response was measured as the time constant of the first order response kinetics (tau). To confirm and support these findings we used an alternative examination of the response, transfer function analysis (TFA), to measure the responsiveness (gain), the speed of response (phase), and the consistency of the response over time (coherence). We tested 34 patients with SCD and compared the results to those of 24 healthy controls participants. The results from a three‐way ANOVA showed that patients with SCD have reduced CVR (p < 0.001) and lower coherence (p < 0.001) in gray matter and white matter and reduced gain in gray matter only (p < 0.001). In terms of the speed of the response to CO2, tau (p < 0.001) and TFA phase (p < 0.001) were increased in SCD patients compared to healthy control subjects. These findings show that the cerebrovascular responsiveness to CO2 in patients with SCD is both decreased and slowed compared to healthy controls.
Independent effects of sex and stress on fructose‐induced salt‐sensitive hypertension
Authors: Brostek Autumn , Hong Nancy J. , Zhang Ronghao , Forester Beau R. , Barmore Lauren E. , Kaydo Lindsey , Kluge Nicholas , Smith Corey , Garvin Jeffrey L. , Gonzalez‐Vicente Agustin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractProximal tubule fructose metabolism is key to fructose‐induced hypertension, but the roles of sex and stress are unclear. We hypothesized that females are resistant to the salt‐sensitive hypertension caused by low amounts of dietary fructose compared to males and that the magnitude of the increase in blood pressure (BP) depends, in part, on amplification of the stress response of renal sympathetic nerves. We measured systolic BP (SBP) in rats fed high salt with either no sugar (HS), 20% glucose (GHS) or 20% fructose (FHS) in the drinking water for 7–8 days. FHS increased SBP in both males (Δ22 ± 9 mmHg; p < 0.046) and females (Δ16 ± 3 mmHg; p < 0.0007), while neither GHS nor HS alone induced changes in SBP in either sex. The FHS‐induced increase in SBP as measured by telemetry in the absence of added stress (8 ± 2 mmHg) was significantly lower than that measured by plethysmography (24 ± 5 mmHg) (p < 0.014). However, when BP was measured by telemetry simulating the stress of plethysmography, the increase in SBP was significantly greater (15 ± 3 mmHg) than under low stress (8 ± 1 mmHg) (p < 0.014). Moderate‐stress also increased telemetric diastolic (p < 0.006) and mean BP (p < 0.006) compared to low‐stress in FHS‐fed animals. Norepinephrine excretion was greater in FHS‐fed rats than HS‐fed animals (Male: 6.4 ± 1.7 vs.1.8 ± 0.4 nmole/kg/day; p < 0.02. Female 54 ± 18 vs. 1.2 ± 0.6; p < 0.02). We conclude that fructose‐induced salt‐sensitive hypertension is similar in males and females unlike other forms of hypertension, and the increase in blood pressure depends in part on an augmented response of the sympathetic nervous system to stress.
On-board BDS dynamic filtering ballistic determination and precision evaluation
Authors: Zhao Shu-Qiang , Chang Jia-Yu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
BeiDou navigation satellite system (BDS) receivers on-board cannot give real-time positioning precision in tracking missile and carrier rocket. In this article, the dynamic filtered optimal estimation theory is applied to the highly dynamic on-board BDS ballistic parameter solution, an optimally constrained geometric dilution precision (GDOP) constellation selection strategy is proposed, a mathematical model based on dynamic filtered estimation for the ballistic determination and precision estimation of the on-board BDS is established, and an analysis of the on-board BDS positioning precision is carried out using the observed data. The calculation results show that the dynamic filter positioning algorithm is simple, practical, and reliable, which can effectively suppress and reduce the random errors of ballistic parameters and significantly improve the positioning precision, fully satisfying the needs of high dynamic and high precision navigation and positioning users, and has good application prospects.
The ZEW Financial Market Survey Panel
Authors: Brückbauer Frank , Schröder Michael 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The ZEW Financial Market Survey is a monthly panel survey among financial market experts that was launched in December 1991. The survey focuses on the experts’ expectations about international financial markets and macroeconomic developments. We describe the ZEW Financial Market Survey and the resulting research dataset, which is available for free for academic researchers, is large and includes long individual time series (99,001 responses by 2002 respondents, as of September 2021), and contains rich information on the financial market experts collected over the years and which can be combined with the data on expectations.