bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Songbirds of the Americas show uniform morphological evolution despite heterogeneous diversification
Authors: Imfeld Tyler S. , Barker F. Keith 
Published: September 2022

AbstractStudying the relationship between diversification and functional trait evolution among broadly co‐occurring clades can shed light on interactions between ecology and evolutionary history. However, evidence from many studies is compromised because of their focus on overly broad geographic or narrow phylogenetic scales. We addressed these limitations by studying 46 independent, biogeographically delimited clades of songbirds that dispersed from the Eastern Hemisphere into the Americas and assessed (1) whether diversification has varied through time and/or among clades within this assemblage, (2) the extent of heterogeneity in clade‐specific morphological trait disparity and (3) whether morphological disparity among these clades is consistent with a uniform diversification model. We found equivalent support for constant rates birth–death and density‐dependent speciation processes, with notable outliers having significantly fewer or more species than expected given their age. We also found substantial variation in morphological disparity among these clades, but that variation was broadly consistent with uniform evolutionary rates, despite the existence of diversification outliers. These findings indicate relatively continuous, ongoing morphological diversification, arguing against conceptual models of adaptive radiation in these continental clades. Additionally, they suggest surprisingly consistent diversification among the majority of these clades, despite tremendous variance in colonization history, habitat valences and trophic specializations that exist among continental clades of birds.
Translucency, color stability, and biaxial flexural strength of advanced lithium disilicate ceramic after coffee thermocycling
Authors: Demirel Münir , Diken Türksayar Almira Ada , Donmez Mustafa Borga 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the color stability, translucency, and biaxial flexural strength (BFS) of differently glazed advanced lithium disilicate (ALDS) with those of lithium disilicate (LDS) and zirconia‐reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS) after coffee thermocycling.Materials and methodsForty disk‐shaped specimens were prepared from three lithium silicate based materials (CEREC Tessera, ALDS; IPS e.max CAD, LDS; Vita Suprinity, ZLS). ALDS specimens were divided into two subgroups according to glazing procedures (reduced glaze duration, ALDS‐S and normal glaze duration, ALDS‐N), while LDS and ZLS specimens were crystallized and glazed. Color coordinate measurements were performed before and after coffee thermocycling. Color differences (ΔE00) and relative translucency parameters (RTP) were calculated. Specimens were then subjected to BFS test. Statistical analysis was performed by using 1‐ (ΔE00 and BFS) and 2‐way (RTP) ANOVA tests (α = 0.05).ResultsΔE00 values of tested materials were similar (df = 3, F = 0.150, p = 0.929). Two‐way ANOVA showed the significant effect of material type, coffee thermocycling, and the interaction between these parameters on RTP values (p < 0.001). Both before and after thermocycling, LDS had the highest (p ≤ 0.001) and ZLS had the lowest (p < 0.001) RTP values, while ALDS‐N had higher RTP than ALDS‐S (p ≤ 0.001). Among tested materials, only LDS had similar RTP values before and after thermocycling (p = 0.865) as the other materials had lower RTP values after thermocycling (p < 0.001). ALDS‐N had higher BFS values than ALDS‐S (p = 0.005), while LDS had similar values to ALDS specimens (p ≥ 0.201). ZLS had the highest BFS (p ≤ 0.007).ConclusionsALDS had comparable values to those of other materials. However, reduced glazing duration resulted in decreased translucency and BFS of ALDS.Clinical significanceALDS may be an appropriate restorative material for those patients with increased coffee consumption considering its color stability and ability to maintain translucency, particularly when glazed by using a conventional porcelain furnace.
Genetic characterization and antimicrobial profiling of bacterial isolates collected from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) affected by summer mortality syndrome
Authors: Ali Shimaa E. , Mahana Osama , Mohan Chadag Vishnumurthy , Delamare‐Deboutteville Jerome , Elgendy Mamdouh Y. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn recent years, Egyptian tilapia aquaculture has experienced mortality episodes during the summer months. The causative agents responsible for such mortalities have not been clearly identified. A total of 400 fish specimens were collected from affected tilapia farms within five Egyptian governorates. A total of 344 bacterial isolates were identified from the examined fish specimens. Bacterial isolates were grouped into seven genera based on API 20E results. The most prevalent pathogens were Aeromonas spp. (42%), Vibrio spp. (21%), and Streptococcus agalactiae (14.5%). Other emerging infections like, Plesiomonas shigelloides (10%), Staphyloccocus spp. (8%), Pseudomonas oryzihabitans, and Acinetobacter lwoffii (2.3%) were also detected. Sequence analysis of the 16S ribosomal RNA bacterial gene of some isolates, confirmed the phenotypic identification results. The analysis of antibiotic resistance genes revealed the presence of aac(6′)‐Ib‐cr (35.7%), blaCTX gene (23.8%), qnrS (19%), ampC (16.7%), floR (14.3%), sul1, tetA, and van.C1 (2.4%) genes in some isolates. The antimicrobia resistance gene, qac was reported in 46% of screened isolates. Bacterial strains showed variable virulence genes profiles. Aeromonas spp. harboured (act, gcat, aerA, lip, fla, and ser) genes. All Vibrio spp. possessed the hlyA gene, while cylE, hylB, and lmb genes, were detected in S. agalactiae strains. Our findings point to the possible role of the identified bacterial pathogens in tilapia summer mortality syndrome and highlight the risk of the irresponsible use of antibiotics on antimicrobial resistance in aquaculture.
Contracaecum nematode parasites in hillstream loaches of the Western Ghats, India
Authors: Verma Chandani R. , Kumkar Pradeep , Khare Tushar , Pise Manoj , Kalous Lukáš , Dahanukar Neelesh 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNematode parasites of the family Anisakidae infect definitive hosts, such as fish‐eating birds and mammals, through primary intermediate hosts like copepods and secondary intermediate hosts like fishes. However, consumption of raw or undercooked fish can lead to nematode infection called anisakidosis in humans. We observed the presence of nematode infection in hillstream loaches of families Cobitidae and Nemacheilidae available for human consumption in the local markets in the northern parts of Western Ghats, India. Scanning electron micrograph and genetic identification employing mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit II, identified the nematode to the genus Contracaecum. Histology of infected host revealed the presence of the parasite in muscles. Antioxidant enzyme analysis of host liver suggested that infection leads to oxidative stress in the fish. We suspect that a gradual increase in parasite infection of the loaches in the last decade could be attributed to various anthropogenic stressors that are altering riverine habitats. Since loaches are consumed by tribal people who often prepare the fish without degutting and possibly undercooked, there is a potential threat of human infection.
Adult‐onset Krabbe disease presenting as isolated sensorimotor demyelinating polyneuropathy: A case report
Authors: Forbes Emily , Smith Kaitlin , Petluru Monica , Nystrom Jered , Fridman Vera 
Published: September 2022

AbstractKrabbe disease is a rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disease, caused by mutations in the GALC gene, which encodes for the lysosomal enzyme galactocerebrosidase. Typical clinical manifestations of Krabbe include psychomotor deterioration, visual loss, seizures, and spasticity, that result from central nervous system demyelination. We report a case of a 35‐year‐old male with Krabbe who presented in adulthood with isolated severe, upper extremity predominant demyelinating sensorimotor polyneuropathy and did not develop other distinguishing clinical or radiological features of Krabbe until the later stages of the disease. The patient's diagnostic odyssey lasted 13 years from presentation to diagnosis, which was ultimately determined with the use of whole exome sequencing (WES) at the age of 48 years. The expanding phenotypic spectrum of adult‐onset Krabbe Disease (AOKD) presents a diagnostic challenge that can lead to diagnostic delays and potentially affect treatment options. Our patient's case underscores the importance of pursuing WES in those with undiagnosed progressive neuromuscular disorders.
Metabolic syndrome and dyslipidemia in xanthelasma palpebrarum and associated risk–2 factors–A case‐control study
Authors: Agarwal Komal , Saikia Padmaja , Podder Indrashis 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAbstractBackgroundXanthelasma palpebrarum (XP) primarily causes cosmetic disfigurement. However, systemic associations like metabolic syndrome (MetS) and dyslipidemia need consideration.ObjectiveDetermining the prevalence of MetS and dyslipidemia in XP patients and explore risk factors.MethodsOur case–control study included 106 XP patients(cases) and 106 age‐and‐sex matched healthy controls. All subjects underwent detailed history taking, physical examination, and biochemical investigations. MetS and obesity were diagnosed by NCEP‐ATP III criteria and modified BMI classification for Asian‐Indians, respectively.ResultsThe odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI for XP patients vs. non‐XP controls were 1.6 (95% CI 0.8–3.2, p = 0.1) for MetS, 1.4 (95% CI 0.6–3.1, p = 0.4) for dyslipidemia and 0.2 (95% CI 0.07–0.4, p < 0.0001) for overweight/obesity. Extensive disease, DM, and low serum HDL‐C were significantly associated with MetS in XP patients (vs. controls). Normal waist circumference (AOR 21.3, 95% CI 3.5–127.6, p = 0.0008), normal blood glucose (AOR 21.4, 95% CI 3.1–145.1, p = 0.002), and normal blood pressure (AOR 22.3, 95% CI 3.9–124.9, p = 0.0004) significantly reduced the risk of MetS, while bilateral ocular involvement (AOR 4.3, 95% CI 1.1–18.7, p = 0.04) significantly increased the risk of dyslipidemia in XP patients.ConclusionXanthelasma palpebrarum patients are more prone to develop MetS and dyslipidemia and need evaluation, despite being a primarily cosmetic concern. Extensive disease and bilateral ocular involvement are significant risk factors. Adequate counseling and healthy life‐style measures are crucial to minimize systemic complications.
Protective role of Caesalpinia sappan extract and its main component brazilin against blue light–induced damage in human fibroblasts
Authors: Park Jong Il , Kim Sung Jae , Kim Yong Jae , Lee Seung Ji 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundUltraviolet (UV) radiation is a well‐known factor that causes skin aging. Recently, with the development of technology, the skin has been exposed to not only the UV radiation but also the blue light from electronic devices. Blue light is a high‐energy visible light that penetrates deep into the dermal layer, producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and resulting in skin aging. In this study, we searched for candidate materials that can inhibit blue light–induced skin aging and found Caesalpinia sappan extract (CSE) to be effective.MethodsHuman dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) were treated with various concentrations of CSE and brazilin and exposed to blue light. We measured that antioxidant activity, MMP‐1 levels using MMP‐1 ELISA, changes in collagen type 1, collagen type 3, MMP‐1, and MMP‐3 mRNA expressions, and ROS generation.ResultsWe confirmed that CSE has high absorption of blue light and antioxidant activity. Blue light irradiation at 30 J/cm2 decreased the expression of collagen types 1 and 3, increased the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐1 and 3, and decreased the production of ROS in human dermal fibroblasts as compared to those of the nonirradiated group. However, pretreatment with CSE protected against the damage caused by the blue light. Brazilin, a major constituent of C. sappan, had high absorbance in the blue light region and antioxidant activities. Pretreatment with brazilin also inhibited the damage caused by the blue light in the cells.ConclusionCSE and brazilin are potential agents for inhibiting skin aging caused by blue light–induced damage.
Asset Pricing and Machine Learning: A critical review
Authors: Bagnara Matteo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe latest development in empirical Asset Pricing is the use of Machine Learning methods to address the problem of the factor zoo. These techniques offer great flexibility and prediction accuracy but require special care as they strongly depart from traditional Econometrics. We review and critically assess the most recent and relevant contributions in the literature grouping them into five categories defined by the Machine Learning (ML) approach they employ: regularization, dimension reduction, regression trees/random forest (RF), neural networks (NNs), and comparative analyses. We summarize the empirical findings with particular attention to their economic interpretation providing hints for future developments.
Implants in the pterygoid region: An updated systematic review of modern roughened surface implants
Authors: Bidra Avinash S. , Peña‐Cardelles Juan‐Francisco , Iverson Marissa 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeTo determine the survival rates of modern roughened surface dental implants in the pterygoid region.MethodsThis systematic review was an update from a previously published systematic review in 2011, which largely reported data on older machined surface dental implants. An electronic search for articles in the English language literature published from January 1, 2010 to December 8, 2021 was performed using PubMed, Scopus, and CENTRAL search engines. After applying a systematic search process in three stages, the final list of selected articles on roughened surface pterygoid implants was obtained. Data from the selected articles were collated with data from pertinent articles on roughened implant surface from the previous systematic review. The combined data were then used for calculating the interval survival rate and cumulative survival rate (CSR) of pterygoid implants.ResultsThe initial electronic search resulted in 1263 titles. The systematic search process eventually resulted in 10 clinical studies reporting on modern roughened surface pterygoid implants. These 10 studies reported on a total of 911 pterygoid implants with 39 reported failures over a 6‐year period. The majority of failures (37) were reported during the first year time interval and a majority of them (30) occurred before loading of the pterygoid implants. Only two late failures were reported after loading, during the sixth‐year time interval. The majority of implants were used for rehabilitation of full‐arch fixed implant‐supported prosthesis. At the maximum follow‐up interval of 6 years, the CSR of pterygoid implants with roughened surfaces was 95.5%, which was 5% higher than reported in the previous systematic review which combined machined and roughed surface pterygoid implants.ConclusionsThe survival rate of modern roughened surface dental implants in the pterygoid region is favorable at 95.5% over a 6‐year period, and comparable to the existing evidence on survival of implants in other regions of the maxilla and mandible.
Access to capital markets and the geography of productivity leaders and laggards
Authors: Navaretti Giorgio Barba , Rosso Anna Cecilia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper examines whether access to the capital market of convertible and nonconvertible bonds affects total factor productivity (TFP) for the population of Italian joint stock manufacturing companies, based in highly segmented local financial markets, between 2007 and 2017. The hypothesis, well grounded in the literature, is that long‐term capital favors investment in intangibles and other risky assets necessary for productivity growth. To identify this effect, we exploit the exogenous shock of the Italian banking deregulation of the mid‐1990s as an instrument for firm‐level access to capital, interacted with distance from logistic networks. These reforms changed the distribution of the type of branches at the local level, increasing the share of joint stock banks, which have high connections to international capital markets. This geographical reallocation of banking activities ultimately affected firms' financial structure, favouring their access to capital, even when based in peripheral financial areas. Firms which issued instruments of market debt achieved higher levels of productivity and a higher probability to reach top percentiles of productivity distribution.
A novel transdermal ketoprofen formulation for analgesia in cattle
Authors: Mills Paul C. , Owens Jane G. , Reinbold James B. , McGowan Michael , Ellenbergner Claudia , Woldeyohannes Solomon , Satake Nana 
Published: September 2022

AbstractKetoprofen is registered in many countries for injectable administration in cattle. Because it is soluble in a wide range of excipients, development of a novel transdermal (TD) ketoprofen formulation was pursued to provide a convenient and pain‐free route of administration in cattle. One hundred and six excipient combinations were screened using in vitro techniques (Franz diffusion cells), with a 20%(w/v) ketoprofen formulation dissolved in a combination of 45%:45%(v/v) ethanol and isopropyl myristate (IPM) and 10%(v/v) eucalyptus oil achieving maximal penetration of ketoprofen through bovine skin. A bioavailability study was then conducted using a randomized cross‐over design (n = 12), including IV, IM (both 3 mg/kg) and TD (10 mg/kg) ketoprofen formulations administered with a one‐week washout period between administrations. The IV and IM formulation pharmacokinetic results were as expected. The CMAX, Tmax and AUC0‐Last were significantly higher (arithmetic mean ± SD) after TD administration (20.0 ± 6.5 μg/ml, 115 ± 17 min and 3940 ± 1324 μg*min/ml, respectively), compared to IM (11.0 ± 4.0 μg/ml, 74 ± 43 min and 2376 ± 738 μg*min/ml, respectively), although there were no significant differences for T½β. However, dose corrected values CMAX and AUCinf were significantly higher for IM compared to TD. The arithmetic mean bioavailability (F) of the transdermal formulation was 50%. The plasma concentration of the TD formulation at a dose of 10 mg/kg was similar to the IM formulation at 3 mg/kg by 30 min post‐dosing with an arithmetic mean ± SD of 7.97 ± 4.38 vs. 8.02 ± 3.55 μg/ml, respectively. The TD formulation was generally well tolerated by cattle, although some local irritation along the site of application was noted after 12 h of exposure during the bioavailability study. Results indicate that this novel TD formulation provides a substantial improvement in administration convenience, may improve animal welfare and end‐user safety through needle‐free administration, and achieves similar plasma pharmacokinetics to the IM product when administered at 10 mg/kg.
Does exposure to different menstrual products affect the vaginal environment?
Authors: Tessandier Nicolas , Uysal Ilkay Başak , Elie Baptiste , Selinger Christian , Bernat Claire , Boué Vanina , Grasset Sophie , Groc Soraya , Rahmoun Massilva , Reyné Bastien , Bender Noemi , Bonneau Marine , Graf Christelle , Tribout Vincent , Foulongne Vincent , Ravel Jacques , Waterboer Tim , Hirtz Christophe , Bravo Ignacio G. , Reynes Jacques , Segondy Michel , Murall Carmen Lia , Boulle Nathalie , Kamiya Tsukushi , Alizon Samuel 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe vaginal ecosystem is a key component of women's health. It also represents an ideal system for ecologists to investigate the consequence of perturbations on species diversity and emerging properties between organizational levels. Here, we study how exposure to different types of menstrual products is linked to microbial, immunological, demographic, and behavioural measurements in a cohort of young adult women who reported using more often tampons (n = 107) or menstrual cups (n = 31). We first found that cup users were older and smoked less than tampon users. When analysing health indicators, we detected potential associations between cups use reporting and fungal genital infection. A multivariate analysis confirmed that in our cohort, reporting using cups over tampons was associated with the higher odds ratio to report a fungal genital infection diagnosis by a medical doctor within the last 3 months. We did not detect significant differences between groups in terms of their bacterial vaginal microbiota composition and found marginal differences in the level of expression of 20 cytokines. However, a multivariate analysis of these biological data identified some level of clustering based on the menstrual product type preferred (cups or tampons). These results suggest that exposure to different types of menstrual products could influence menstrual health. Larger studies and studies with a more powered setting are needed to assess the robustness of these associations and identify causal mechanisms.
Satellite observation to assess dengue risk due toAedes aegyptiandAedes albopictusin a subtropical city of Argentina
Authors: Martín Mía Elisa , Alonso Ana Carolina , Faraone Janinna , Stein Marina , Estallo Elizabet Lilia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEarth observation environmental features measured through remote sensing and models of vector mosquitoes speciesAedes aegyptiandAe. albopictusprovide an advancement with regards to dengue risk in urban environments of subtropical areas of Argentina. The authors aim to estimate the effect of landscape coverage and spectral indices (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index [NDVI], Normalized Difference Water Index [NDWI] and Normalized Difference Built‐up Index [NDBI]) on the larvae abundance ofAe. aegyptiandAe. albopictusin Eldorado, Misiones, Argentina using remote satellite sensors. Larvae of these species were collected monthly (June 2016 to April 2018), in four environments: tire repair shops, cemeteries, dwellings and an urban natural park. The proportion of landscape coverage (water, urban areas, bare soil, low vegetation and high vegetation) was determined from the supervised classification of Sentinel‐2 images and spectral indices, calculated. The authors developed spatial models of both vector species by generalized linear mixed models. The model's results showed thatAe. aegyptilarvae abundance was better modelled by NDVI minimum values, NDBI maximum values and the interaction between them. ForAe. albopictusproportion of bare soil, low vegetation and the interaction between both variables explained better the abundance.