bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbiome Analysis of Malacopathogenic Nematodes Suggests No Evidence of a Single Bacterial Symbiont Responsible for Gastropod Mortality
Authors: Sheehy Laura , Cutler James , Weedall Gareth D. , Rae Robbie 
Published: April 2022

Nematodes and bacteria are prevalent in soil ecosystems, and some have evolved symbiotic relationships. In some cases, symbionts carry out highly specialized functions: a prime example being entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs), which vector bacteria (Xenorhabdus or Photorhabdus) into insect hosts, killing them to provide a food source for the nematodes. It is thought that the commercially available malacopathogenic (kills slugs and snails) biocontrol nematode Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita vectors a bacterium (Moraxella osloensis) into slugs to kill them. To investigate this further we used a metagenomic approach to profile the bacteria present in the commercial strain of P. hermaphrodita, a wild strain of P. hermaphrodita and two other Phasmarhabditis species (P. californica and P. neopapillosa), after they had killed their slug host (Deroceras invadens). We show that these nematodes do not exclusively associate with one bacterium but a range of species, with members of the phyla Pseudomonadota, Bacillota, Actinobacteriota and Bacteroidota the most prevalent. The commercial strain of P. hermaphrodita had the least diverse bacterial community. Furthermore, we found that the bacterium P. hermaphrodita has been cultured on for 25 years is not the expected species M. osloensis but is Psychrobacter spp. and the only strain of the Phasmarhabditis species to associate with Psychrobacter spp. was the commercial strain of P. hermaphrodita. In summary, we found no evidence to show that P. hermaphrodita rely exclusively on one bacterium to cause host mortality but found variable and diverse bacterial communities associated with these nematodes in their slug hosts.
Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Lymph Node Metastasis Among Osteosarcoma Patients
Authors: Li Wenle , Liu Yafeng , Liu Wencai , Tang Zhi-Ri , Dong Shengtao , Li Wanying , Zhang Kai , Xu Chan , Hu Zhaohui , Wang Haosheng , Lei Zhi , Liu Qiang , Guo Chunxue , Yin Chengliang 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundRegional lymph node metastasis is a contributor for poor prognosis in osteosarcoma. However, studies on risk factors for predicting regional lymph node metastasis in osteosarcoma are scarce. This study aimed to develop and validate a model based on machine learning (ML) algorithms.MethodsA total of 1201 patients, with 1094 cases from the surveillance epidemiology and end results (SEER) (the training set) and 107 cases (the external validation set) admitted from four medical centers in China, was included in this study. Independent risk factors for the risk of lymph node metastasis were screened by the multifactorial logistic regression models. Six ML algorithms, including the logistic regression (LR), the gradient boosting machine (GBM), the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), the random forest (RF), the decision tree (DT), and the multilayer perceptron (MLP), were used to evaluate the risk of lymph node metastasis. The prediction model was developed based on the bestpredictive performance of ML algorithm and the performance of the model was evaluatedby the area under curve (AUC), prediction accuracy, sensitivity and specificity. A homemade online calculator was capable of estimating the probability of lymph node metastasis in individuals.ResultsOf all included patients, 9.41% (113/1201) patients developed regional lymph node metastasis. ML prediction models were developed based on nine variables: age, tumor (T) stage, metastasis (M) stage, laterality, surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, bone metastases, and lung metastases. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, T and M stage, surgery, and chemotherapy were significantly associated with lymph node metastasis. In the six ML algorithms, XGB had the highest AUC (0.882) and was utilized to develop as prediction model. A homemade online calculator was capable of estimating the probability of CLNM in individuals.ConclusionsT and M stage, surgery and Chemotherapy are independent risk factors for predicting lymph node metastasis among osteosarcoma patients. XGB algorithm has the best predictive performance, and the online risk calculator can help clinicians to identify the risk probability of lymph node metastasis among osteosarcoma patients.
New Studies of the Aberrant Alterations in Fibrillin-1 Methylation During Colorectal Cancer Development
Authors: Lv Ling , Ma Jianzhong , Wu Lina , Zhang Chao , Wang Yueping , Wang Guang 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundFibrillin-1 (FBN1) methylation risk from control to colorectal cancer (CRC), the variation regularities of FBN1 methylation, and DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) catalyzed with FBN1 methylation had not been reported yet; these were all studied in this paper.MethodsFBN1 methylation roles were investigated with big data and meta-analysis.ResultsThe 6 independent studies were searched including 702 tissue and 448 feces. FBN1 methylation frequencies of CRC, adenoma or polyp, and control in tissue were 79.1%, 69.4%, and 2.7%, respectively; those in feces were 74.6%, 50.7%, and 10.8%, respectively. FBN1 methylation of control samples was used as a standard reference; this study showed that ORs (95% CI) of FBN1 methylation in CRC and control tissues were 124.79 (62.86–248.35); those in feces were detected to be 30.87 (16.48–57.85). FBN1 methylation risk in tissue was higher than that in feces; there was a quadratic equation between the methylation rate of tissue and that of feces. There was another quadratic curve in the variation process of FBN1 methylation; this curve reflected the overall metabolism regularity of DNMT.ConclusionsThe transcriptional inactivation of FBN1 gene might start from normal colonic epithelium; the quadratic curve of FBN1 methylation catalyzed by DNMT can gradually produce powerful strength, accelerate expansion, and eventually lead to CRC. The overall metabolism regularity of DNMT maintains the changing process of FBN1 methylation; it has the changing feature of the same quadratic curve. FBN1 methylation is a promising biomarker. FBN1 methylation risk size in feces reflects that in tissue in non-invasive detection.
Treatment Resistance in Severe Asthma Patients With a Combination of High Fraction of Exhaled Nitric Oxide and Low Blood Eosinophil Counts
Authors: Hoshino Yuki , Soma Tomoyuki , Uchida Yoshitaka , Shiko Yuki , Nakagome Kazuyuki , Nagata Makoto 
Published: April 2022

Background: Combining a fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and blood eosinophil count (B-EOS) may be a useful strategy for administration of biologics such as anti-IgE or anti-IL-5 to patients with type 2 inflammatory-predominant severe asthma and is important to be elucidated considering the increasing use of biologics.Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed the clinical data from 114 adult patients with severe asthma, who were treated at Saitama Medical University Hospital. The eligible patients were stratified into four subgroups defined by thresholds of FeNO and blood eosinophil (B-EOS) counts to detect sputum eosinophilia, using the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. A total of 75 patients with optimal samples were stratified into four subtypes defined by thresholds of sputum eosinophilia and neutrophilia. Clinical characteristics, pattern of biologics, and distribution of sputum subtypes were analyzed in the stratified subclasses according to the FeNO and B-EOS thresholds. The asthma exacerbation (AE)-free time of the FeNO/B-EOS subgroups and any biologics treatment including anti-IgE or anti-IL-5 use were examined using the Kaplan–Meier method. The hazard ratios (HRs) for AE-free time were examined using the Cox proportional hazard model.Results: The optimal cutoff values for prediction of sputum eosinophilia were defined as ≥2.7% wherein for FeNO as ≥27 ppb and B-EOS as ≥265/µL were considered. The high-FeNO subgroups showed significant high total IgE, compared with the low FeNO. The high-FeNO/high-B-EOS and the high-FeNO/low-B-EOS subgroups showed the largest prevalence of mepolizumab and benralizumab use among the other FeNO/B-EOS, respectively. The high-FeNO/low-B-EOS showed the largest frequency of AEs, high HR, and the shortest AE-free time, among the other FeNO/B-EOS. The sputum eosinophil-predominant subtype was the great majority in the high FeNO/high B-EOS. A diverse distribution of sputum leukocyte-predominant subtype was observed in the other FeNO/B-EOS. The subsequent AE-free time and its HR were comparable among the biologics use groups.Conclusion: The strategy of classifying severe asthma based on the combination of FeNO and B-EOS proposes particular refractory type 2 severe asthma and underlying airway inflammation as a feasible trait for optimal biologics use.
Activation of the PPARγ Prevents Ferroptosis-Induced Neuronal Loss in Response to Intracerebral Hemorrhage Through Synergistic Actions With the Nrf2
Authors: Duan Chenyang , Jiao Dian , Wang Hanbin , Wu Qiaoli , Men Weidong , Yan Hua , Li Chunhui 
Published: April 2022

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a subtype of stroke characterized by high mortality and disability rates. The long-term effects of ICH-induced intracranial hematoma on patients’ neurological function are unclear. Currently, an effective treatment that significantly reduces the rates of death and disability in patients with ICH is not available. Based on accumulating evidence, ferroptosis may be the leading factor contributing to the neurological impairment caused by ICH injury. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a ligand-activated receptor in the nuclear hormone receptor family that synergistically interacts with the nuclear factor erythrocyte 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway to promote the expression of related genes and inhibit ferroptosis. Primary rat hippocampal neurons were treated with heme (50 μM) and erastin (50 μM) to induce ferroptosis, followed by the PPARγ agonist pioglitazone (PDZ, 10 μM) to verify the inhibitory effect of PPARγ activation on ferroptosis. ML385 (2 μM), a novel and specific NRF2 inhibitor, was administered to the inhibitor group, followed by an analysis of cellular activity and immunofluorescence staining. In vivo Assays, ICH rats injected with autologous striatum were treated with 30 mg/kg/d pioglitazone, and the inhibitor group was injected with ML385 (30 mg/kg). The results showed that PDZ inhibited ferroptosis in neurons by increasing the expression of PPARγ, Nrf2 and Gpx4 in vitro, while PDZ reduced ferroptosis in neurons after ICH and promoted the recovery of neural function in vivo. Our results suggest that PDZ, a PPARγ agonist, promotes Gpx4 expression through the interaction between PPARγ and the Nrf2 pathway, inhibits ferroptosis of neurons after ICH, and promotes the recovery of neural function.
Improvement of Sympathovagal Balance by Regular Exercise May Counteract the Ageing Process. A Study by the Analysis of QT Variability
Authors: De Maria Beatrice , Lucini Daniela , Gois Mariana de Oliveira , Catai Aparecida Maria , Perego Francesca , Malacarne Mara , Pagani Massimo , Porta Alberto , Dalla Vecchia Laura Adelaide 
Published: April 2022

QT interval (QT) variability analysis provides pathophysiological and prognostic information utilized in cardiac and non-cardiac diseases, complementary to those obtained from the analysis of heart period (HP) variability. An increased QT variability has been associated to a higher risk for cardiac events and poorest prognosis. Autonomic cardiovascular adaptation to internal and external challenges, such those occurring in athletes exposed to high levels of physical stress and in ageing could also be deepen by analyzing QT variability, searching for early prognostic signatures. The aim of the study was to analyze the QT variability and cardiac control complexity in a group of middle-aged half-marathon runners at baseline (B) and at a 10-year follow-up (FU). We found that the overall QT variability decreased at FU, despite the inescapable increase in age (52.3 ± 8.0 years at FU). This change was accompanied by an increase of the HP variability complexity without changes of the QT variability complexity. Of notice, over the years, the group of athletes maintained their regular physical activity by switching to a moderate intensity rather than strenuous. In conclusion, regular and moderate exercise over the years was beneficial for this group of athletes, as reflected by the decreased overall QT variability that is known to be associated to lower cardiovascular risk. The concomitant enhanced cardiac control complexity also suggests a trend opposite to what usually occurs with ageing, resulting in a more flexible cardiac control, typical of younger people.
Comparison of Students' Mental Wellbeing, Anxiety, Depression, and Quality of Life During COVID-19's Full and Partial (Smart) Lockdowns: A Follow-Up Study at a 5-Month Interval
Authors: Aqeel Muhammad , Rehna Tasnim , Shuja Kanwar Hamza , Abbas Jaffar 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveScholars have debated the COVID-19's full and partial lockdowns' effectivity to control the transmission of the new case. They emphasized the provision of required economic and social resources worldwide. Past literature related to COVID-19 has contributed little evidence to examine the efficacy of full and partial lockdown measures with experimental perspectives at different intervals. This study bridges this literature gap and explores the full and smart lockdowns' impacts on Pakistani students' mental health, depression, quality of life, and anxiety symptoms, during the various waves of the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodThis pretest and posttest experimental designed web-based survey recruited 40 students from March 23 to August 23, 2020, and recorded their responses. The study incorporated four standardized psychological instruments to receive the desired datasets related to students' mental health, quality of life, anxiety, and depression. Researchers shared data links with the participants via social media, WhatsApp. The study applied one-way and multivariate ANOVA tests (analysis of variance) to draw the desired results.ResultsThis study's findings suggest that both full and partial COVID-19 lockdowns effectively improve students' mental health and quality of life. These measures help reduce anxiety and depressive symptoms among university students. The study results exhibit that partial lockdown (PL) is more effective in improving quality of life. Besides, PL helps reduce anxiety symptoms than complete lockdown among Pakistani students.ConclusionThe present study's findings suggest that students are vulnerable. They need particular interventions and preventive measures to protect and improve their mental health and quality of life during a global pandemic. As the stressful experience of the epidemic persists in Pakistan. It will also be interesting to examine the psychological impact of the successive waves of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Arthroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Repair Versus Autograft Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Meta-Analysis of Comparative Studies
Authors: Pang Long , Li Pengcheng , Li Tao , Li Yinghao , Zhu Jing , Tang Xin 
Published: April 2022

PurposeTo compare the clinical outcomes of arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) repair and autograft ACL reconstruction for ACL ruptures.MethodsPubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science and The Cochrane Library were searched for relevant studies from 1 January 1990 to 21 March 2022. Two evaluators independently screened the literature, extracted data and assessed the methodological quality of the enrolled studies. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4 software.ResultsTen studies with mean follow-up periods from 12 to 36 months were included. For 638 patients with ACL ruptures, arthroscopic ACL repair showed statistically comparable outcomes of failure (p = 0.18), complications (p = 0.29), reoperation other than revision (p = 0.78), Lysholm score (p = 0.78), Tegner score (p = 0.70), and satisfaction (p = 0.45) when compared with autograft ACL reconstruction. A significantly higher rate of hardware removal (p = 0.0008) but greater International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score (p = 0.009) were found in the ACL repair group. The heterogeneity of the side-to-side difference of anterior tibial translation (ΔATT) was high (I2 = 80%). After the sensitivity analysis, the I2 decreased dramatically (I2 = 32%), and the knees with ACL repair showed significantly greater ΔATT (P = 0.04).ConclusionFor proximal ACL ruptures, arthroscopic ACL repair showed similar clinical outcomes, and even better functional performance when compared to autograft ACL reconstruction. ACL repair has a higher rate of hardware removal, and might be related to greater asymptomatic knee laxity. More high-quality prospective trials are needed to confirm our findings.
Relative bioavailability study of a generic effervescent tablet formulation of dexketoprofen and thiocolchicoside versus the originator 25 mg film coated tablet (dexketoprofen) and 8 mg capsule (thiocolchicoside)
Authors: Hincal A. Atilla , Özseven Cemre , van der Meer Mike , Erenmemişoğlu Aydin , Bilgiç Mahmut , Martin Wolfgang 
Published: April 2022

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetic profiles and the relative bioavailability of dexketoprofen and thiocolchicoside of the test preparation (dexketoprofen / thiocolchicoside 25 mg / 8 mg effervescent tablet) in comparison with the reference preparations (Keral 25 mg film coated tablet, containing dexketoprofen trometamol equivalent to 25 mg dexketoprofen (Menarini International Operations Luxembourg S.A.) (R1) and Muscoril 8 mg capsule, containing 8 mg thiocolchicoside (Sanofi Aventis İlaçları Ltd. Şti.) (R2) under fasting conditions. Methods: 25 healthy male subjects were enrolled in the study. Volunteers were hospitalised from the evening before drug administration (Day 0) until after the 24-hour blood sampling time on Day 2. Results: 24 subjects completed the study. Relative bioavailability (AUCT/AUCR1) of dexketoprofen from the test preparation was 100.99 %; (AUCT/AUCR2) of 3-O-glucuronide of thiocolchicoside (aglycone) from the test preparation was 100.47 %; (Cmax,T/Cmax,R1) of dexketoprofen from the test preparation was 122.59 %; (Cmax,T/Cmax,R2) of 3-O-glucuronide of thiocolchicoside (aglycone) from the test preparation was 111.43 %. Conclusions: The relative bioavailability AUCT /AUCR of the test preparation compared with both reference preparations is comparable, as shown by the geometric mean ratios of 100.59 % (dexketoprofen) and of 98.20 % (3-O-glucuronide of thiocolchicoside (aglycone).
Molecular Evidence on the Inhibitory Potential of Metformin against Chlorpyrifos-Induced Neurotoxicity
Authors: Daniali Marzieh , Baeeri Maryam , Farhadi Ramtin , Gholami Mahdi , Hassani Shokoufeh , Navaei-Nigjeh Mona , Rahimifard Mahban , Abdollahi Mohammad 
Published: April 2022

Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is an organophosphorus (OP) pesticide, resulting in various health complications as the result of ingestion, inhalation, or skin absorption, and leads to DNA damage and increased oxidative stress. Metformin, derived from Galega officinalis, is reported to have anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties; thus, this study aimed to investigate the beneficial role of metformin in neurotoxicity induced by sub-acute exposure to CPF in Wistar rats. In this study, animals were divided into nine groups and were treated with different combinations of metformin and CPF. Following the 28 days of CPF and metformin administration, brain tissues were separated. The levels of inflammatory biomarkers such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β), as well as the expression of 5HT1 and 5HT2 genes, were analyzed. Moreover, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the ADP/ATP ratio, in addition to the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were tested through in vitro experiments. This study demonstrated the potential role of metformin in alleviating the mentioned biomarkers, which can be altered negatively as a result of CPF toxicity. Moreover, metformin showed protective potential in modulating inflammation, as well as oxidative stress, the expression of genes, and histological analysis, in a concentration-dependent manner.
PENINGKATAN KUALITAS HIDUP LANSIA MELALUI PEMBERDAYAAN LANSIA PRODUKTIF, GAYA HIDUP SEHAT DAN AKTIF
Authors: Indrayogi Indrayogi , Priyono Ali , Asyisya Padila 
Published: April 2022

In nation building, health is one of the basic and important elements. Poor health conditions cause humans to be unable to regulate their own lifestyle and development in their area. As an emerging physiological syndrome in public health, frailty is a predictive factor of negative health outcomes, such as increased risk of death, decreased activities of daily living. So, in this Community Service activity, it aims to form a community that has knowledge and abilities, especially the elderly, especially in the health sector. The village that will be assisted by Community Service is Banjaransari Village, Cikijing District, Majalengka Regency, this village has more than 50 people (residents aged over 65 years) and is one of the villages with a large elderly population. The method used in this service is quantitative descriptive. The service is carried out in the form of implementing a healthy and active lifestyle: Elderly gymnastics, memory exercises and games, health education for the elderly. through how to form a healthy soul, improve the abilities and skills of the elderly, especially in Majalengka, namely Banjaransari village. The conclusion is that elderly parents have a productive spirit by doing activities to fill their spare time with physical activities such as elderly gymnastics, and making Family Medicinal Plants (Toga) in flower pots or in the yard. and set an example for the surrounding community to build their village for a better future for the nation and state.
Key words: Quality of Life; Productive Old Age; Healthy and Active Lifestyle
Pemodelan CNN Untuk Deteksi Emosi Berbasis Speech Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Aini Yulistia Khoirotul , Santoso Tri Budi , Dutono Titon 
Published: April 2022

Perkembangan teknologi menunjukkan semakin banyak kebutuhan perangkat yang mampu menjalankan interaksi antara manusia dengan computer secara cerdas. Satu contohnya adalah sistem pengenalan emosi dengan computer. Di dalamnya diperlukan kemampuan untuk melakukan pengenalan, penafsiran, dan memberikan respons emosi yang diekspresikan dalam ucapan. Tetapi sampai saat ini penelilitan speech emotion recognition (SER) yang berbasis bahasa Indonesia masih sangat sedikit. Hal ini disebabkan keterbatasan korpus data berbahasa Indonesia untuk SER. Pada penelitian ini dibuat sistem SER dengan mengambil dataset dari TV series berbahasa Indonesia. Sistem dirancang dengan kemampuan untuk melakukan proses klasifikasi emosi, yaitu empat kelas label emosi marah, senang, netral dan sedih. Untuk implementasinya digunakan metode deep learning, yang dalam hal ini dipilih metode CNN. Pada sistem ini input berupa kombinasi dari tiga fitur, yaitu MFCC, frekuensi fundamental, dan RMSE. Dari eksperimen yang telah dijalankan telah diperoleh hasil terbaik untuk sistem SER berbahasa Indonesia dengan menggunakan input MFCC + frekuensi fundamental, yang menunjukkan tingkat akurasi sebesar 85%. Sedangkan ketika hanya menggunakan input MFCC memiliki tingkat akurasi sampai 83%. Sementara itu ketika dipaksakan dengan kombinasi ketiga input MFCC+ F0+ RMSE mengalami penurunan kinerja dan hanya mencapai akurasi 78% ,dan akurasi terendah menggunakan fitur MFCC + RMSE yaitu 72%. Dari study awal ini diharapkan mampu memberikan gambaran bagi para peneliti di bidang SER, tentang bagaimana memilih fitur sinyal wicara sebagai input di dalam pengujian dan mempermudah untuk langkah pengembangan penelitiannya.