bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between guilt and shame and depressive symptoms in normal population and patients with personality disorders
Authors: Khokhlova O. , Vinogradova M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionShame and guilt are often discussed in their association with depression. However, there is a need in deeper understanding of relationship between these emotions and depressive symptoms in personality disorders, where affective patterns do not reach the level of clinical depression.ObjectivesTo examine the differences in shame and guilt levels in normal subjects and patients with personality disorders and their association with depressive symptoms.MethodsIn total, 28 patients (M=36.07, SD=11.87) diagnosed with personality disorders and 76 (M=29.67, SD=8.87) healthy individuals were recruited to take part in this study. Patients and healthy controls had equivalent educational level. Participants were given two standardized tests: Beck Depression Inventory and Test of Self-Conscious Affect (TOSCA) – 3.ResultsThere were significant differences in levels of guilt between patients with personality disorders (M=64.79, SD=6.78) and healthy individuals (M = 59.92, SD = 11.86), t (102) = 2.603, p = .011. Patients also demonstrated higher levels of shame (M=47.86, SD=9.70) than the participants without diagnoses (M = 43.38, SD = 14.96), however, these differences were not significant t (102) = 1.47, p > .05. It was found that depressive symptoms in normal population but not in patients significantly correlated with levels of guilt (r(76) = .124, p <.01) and shame (r(76)=.188, p<.01).ConclusionsIt might be assumed that shame and guilt play different roles in emotional sphere of healthy individuals and patients with personality disorders, being associated with depressive symptoms in norm and unrelated to depressive symptoms in personality disorders.
The relationship between risk, the dark triad traits, and empathy
Authors: Kornilova T. , Pavlova E. , Krasavtseva Y. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionEmpathy is generally viewed as a “positive” trait, while the Dark Triad traits are regarded as a “negative” side of a Dark personality. The perception of Risk is less univocal, as it plays a role in both courage and questionable behavior.ObjectivesWe posed the following research questions: 1. Is risk linked to empathy and the Dark Triad traits? 2. Which traits help distinguish between participants with contrasting latent profiles (determined cumulatively for the specified personality variables)?MethodsParticipants (n=250) completed three questionnaires: the Dirty Dozen, Personality Factors of Decision-making and the Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy (QCAE). Correlation and Latent profile analysis (LPA) were performed.ResultsRisk was linked to Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and decentration (positively) and to emotion contagion and affective empathy (negatively). Rationality was positively correlated with cognitive empathy. Machiavellianism correlated negatively with rationality and online simulation (a cognitive empathy subscale). Empathy subscales were linked to psychopathy (negatively) and to narcissism (positively). LPA established two latent profiles: the smallest BIC value was obtained for the model with two profiles (log-likelihood: -3204.013, df=77, BIC=-6833; VEE). Analysis of means revealed that Class 1 was characterized by significantly higher Dark Triad values and higher Risk, whereas Class 2 was characterized by lower Dark Triad traits, lower Risk, and higher Rationality (see Figure 1).Figure 1. Latent profile analysisConclusionsThe Dark Triad traits and Risk are the more discriminative variables, while Empathy subscales do not help distinguish between the two classes of participants. The study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project 19-29-07069.
Early findings from periscope (Pan-European response to the impacts of COVID-19 and future pandemics and epidemics)
Authors: Osika W. , Dalman C. , Niemi M. , Flodin P. , Sörberg Wallin A. , Asper M. , Hollander A.-C. , Pöllänen E. , Simonsson O. , Sörman K. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract BodyThe H2020/PERISCOPE project, including 32 partners from European universities & agencies, began 1st November 2020 and will last 36 months. The overarching objectives of PERISCOPE are to map and analyse the unintended impacts of the COVID-19 outbreak; develop solutions and guidance for policymakers and health authorities on how to mitigate the impact of the outbreak; enhance Europe’s preparedness for future similar events; and reflect on the future multi-level governance in the health as well as other domains affected by the outbreak. During this session we will report about early lessons learnt from the mapping and assessments of the impacts of the COVID-19 outbreak on mental health at national and subnational level in the EU with respect to individuals, communities and societies. Further, we will comment on their comparability. The aim is to explore differences between countries regarding the occurrence of mental ill health, and especially the impact on vulnerable groups, and how this is related to exposure to SARS-CoV-2, differences in policies over time, and effects on the economy. We will reflect on the short- and long-term consequences on mental health and health inequalities, report on the ongoing development of holistic policy guidelines for health authorities & other authorities, and from the analysis of multilevel governance, at local, regional and national level, memberstate – EU-level, and EU - global governance level. PERISCOPE will continue collecting data and updating a common data ”Atlas”, which would lead the consortium to engage in modelling and experiments to provide “continuous nowcasting” of the outbreak.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Personality risk factors in assessing the reliability of the performance of operating personnel
Authors: Zlokazova T. , Kachina A. , Kuznetsova A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe development of complex human-machine systems has led to greater demands on operators’ skills, and has increased the importance of human error (Pribytkova et al, 2012; Vondráčková et al, 2017; Jian Ai Yeow, 2014). For this reason performance reliability, defined as operators’ capacity to conduct essential work processes in a high-quality and timely manner (Bodrov, Orlov, 1998) has become a topical subject.ObjectivesThis study concerns an investigation of subjective predictors of operators’ reliability, namely personality risk factors (supported by the RFBR #19-013-00799).MethodsSubjects: 67 operators and 69 engineers at a hydro-power station. Personality traits were assessed using Sobchik’s verbatim Russian translation of the MMPI (Sobchik, 1990). Performance reliability was assessed using simple and complex sensorimotor reaction tests as standard procedures for the pre-shift assessment of operators.ResultsIn the operators’ group significant correlations (Spearman’s test) were found between the level of quality of complex sensorimotor reactions and the level of such personal traits as impulsiveness and individualism: a higher manifestation of these traits was associated with a higher level of mistakes in conducting the pre-shift psychophysiological test (p<0,05). With the engineers there was a significant link between the higher speed of simple sensorimotor reactions and higher optimism scores.ConclusionsThe results suggest that a tendency to behave spontaneously, and orientation to one’s own needs, could be risk factors in terms of operator reliability. They also reveal the specifics of reliability predictors in different professions at the power plant.
Specifics of professional deformations of personality in military personnel
Authors: Boyarinov D. , Novikova Y. , Gubaidulina L. , Kachina A. , Barabanshchikova V. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionWork experience develops not only professional skills, but also affects people’s personal characteristics. A long period of intensive work usually promotes the development of professional deformations. Prolonged exposure in stressful conditions is a risk factor for developing professional deformations. Military service is intense and stressful. Armed forces personnel work is related to unquestioning execution of orders and extreme working conditions (Kozlova, 2013). These risk factors may cause professional deformations of personality. The study was supported by the RFBR #19-013-00799 А.ObjectivesInfluence of working activity on professional deformations development in military personnel.MethodsThe research involved 708 participants, the sample consisted only of men. Average age 20.3 years (min – 18, max – 32). They fulfilled 2 standardized questionnaires: Managerial stress survey — MSS (Leonova, 2007), The Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (ed. Kapustina, 2001).ResultsBased on the findings the following outcome can be seen: the high scores of the Acute stress (M=45,7; SD=5,2), medium level of Chronic stress (M=43,6; SD=6,5), and Professional deformations (M=43,4; SD=7,1). In particular it turned out that burnout syndrome (M=46,1; SD=6,9), neurotic reactions (M=45,4; SD=7,0) and behavioral risk factors (M=46,7; SD=8,7) are high.ConclusionsIn that way, we can assume that Professional deformations aren’t developed by military personnel in our research. That point of view confirms on Acute and Chronic stress level. Despite the fact that there are some behavioral risk factors. That can cause a reduction of work efficiency and a decline in the health level of military personnel.
Poetic representations of post-traumatic stress disorder in cinema - example of ivan’s childhood by andriei tarkovsky
Authors: Szejko N. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionCinema constitutes an artistic presentation of the spectrum of human emotions and offers a number of examples of artistic vision of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Cinema of the Russian director, Andriei Tarkovsky, alludes to the complexity of human psycho through poetic narration and cinematography. Particularly, Tarkovsky makes reference to such topics as trauma, depression, melancholy, and madness.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to analyze Tarkovsky’s film “Ivan’s Childhood” from the perspective of psychiatry and psychology with the special attention to the topic of PTSD.MethodsWe identified elements of trauma and PTSD in line with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Furthermore, we analyzed manifestations of trauma in “Ivan’s Childhood” according to the trauma complex in Jungian perspective.ResultsThe main protagonist of the movie, Ivan, is treated as an archetype of a person exposed to trauma. The traumatic circumstance is the war in which he lost his loved ones. “Ivan’s Childhood” is a poetic presentation of this boy’s struggling to overcome his fears and his personal fight for dignity. Tarkovsky accomplishes it through a series of poetic images in which the director demonstrates flashbacks from Ivan’s life. Based on comparisons to Jung’s model of generic complexes, it is possible to define Ivan’s trauma complex as a set of psychological processes that are archaic and typical, i.e., “archetypal.”Conclusions“Ivan’s Childhood” is a moving portrait of a destroyed childhood and subsequent trauma as well as coping mechanisms such as rebellion, alienation, and transference.
Tokophobia or post-traumatic stress disorder ? about a tunisian case
Authors: Cherif E. , Meddouri L.S. , Hajri A. , Maamri A. , Zalila H. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionPregnancy and delivery are considered to be an important transition stage in a woman’s life. Although this experience is emotionally rich, it varies from one person to another and each woman goes through it in her own way.Objectivesdiscuss the psychiatric outcomes after a childbirth with somatic complications.Methodscase reportResultsMrs X is a 32 years old woman, she has no particular history of illness until she gave birth to her son. He is now three and a half years old and he is an outpatient at the child and teen psychiatry department in a Tunisian hospital. After her delivery, Mrs X had several physical and psychological complications. She was hospitalized in the cardiology department for cardiomyopathy of Meadows for three weeks among it one week in the medical reanimation ward because she needed respiratory assistance. Furthermore, she suffered of left femoral head’s necrosis for which she was operated, and a total hip prosthesis replacement was done. Psychologically, Mrs X. presented a postpartum depression which resolved in its own after 9 months. Ever Since the childbirth, the patient presents symptoms concording with post-traumatic stress disorder and symptoms that may be linked to a specific phobia (fear of birthchild or tokophobia).ConclusionsIn addition to the usual health care provided to women during pregnancy and after childbirth, looking for mental health disturbances and eventually referring them for psychiatric assessment is important specially for women who have experienced traumatic events during the pregnancy or the deliveryConflict of interestNo significant relationships.
The influence of concentration of micro-rna hsa-mir-370-3p and CYP2D6*4 on equilibrium concentration of mirtazapine in patients with major depressive disorder
Authors: Zastrozhin M. , Skryabin V. , Sychev D. , Bryun E. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionMirtazapine is commonly prescribed to patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder.Some proportion of these patients do not show adequate response to treatment regimen containing mirtazapine, whereas many of them experience dose-dependent adverse drug reactions.ObjectivesThe objective of our study was to investigate the influence of 1846G>A polymorphism of the CYP2D6 gene on the concentration/dose indicator of mirtazapine, using findings on enzymatic activity of CYP2D6 and on CYP2D6 expression level obtained by measuring the hsa-miR-370-3p plasma levels in patients suffering from recurrent depressive disorder.MethodsOur study included 192 patients with major depressive disorder. Treatment efficacy was evaluated using the international psychometric scales. For genotyping and estimation of the microRNA plasma levels we performed the real-time polymerase chain reaction. The activity of CYP2D6 was assessed with HPLC-MS/MS method by the content of the endogenous substrate of given isoenzyme and its metabolite in urine. Therapeutic drug monitoring has been performed using HPLC-MS/MS.ResultsWe didn’t reveal a statistical significance for concentration/dose indicator of mirtazapine in patients with different genotypes: (GG) 0.229 [0.158; 0.468] and (GA) 0.290 [0.174; 0.526], p = 0.196). We revealed the relationship between the CYP2D6 enzymatic activity and the hsa-miR-370-3p plasma concentration: rs = -0.32, p < 0.001. At the same time, correlation analysis revealed a statistically significant relationship between the mirtazapine concentration and the hsa-miR-370-3p plasma concentration: rs = 0.31, p<0.001.ConclusionsThus, the effect of genetic polymorphism of the CYP2D6 gene on the efficacy and safety profiles of mirtazapine was demonstrated in a group of 192 patients with recurrent depressive disorder.Conflict of interestAuthors do not have any conflict of interests.
Clozapine point of care testing in acute psychiatry: A precision approach to treatment resistant psychosis
Authors: Boland X. , Dratcu L. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionClozapine, the antipsychotic of choice for treatment-resistant schizophrenia, has a narrow therapeutic range and high interpatient variability in the dose-response relationship. Serum clozapine levels are essential both for therapeutic dosing and to monitor adherence. Use of venepuncture and prolonged result turnaround times with standard laboratory based methods for drug monitoring together contribute to the suboptimal use of clozapine.ObjectivesA novel portable point-of-care (POC) device has been developed to measure whole blood clozapine concentrations using an automated homogenous immunoassay. It is as accurate and reliable as standard laboratory methods but only requires a drop of blood obtained by finger prick and can produce a result in minutes. We pioneered clozapine POC testing in the acute inpatient setting during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsWe report on the use of POC clozapine testing in the management of 4 acutely psychotic patients with treatment resistant schizophrenia.ResultsPOC testing offered a more practical, less invasive and quicker alternative to conventional methods for monitoring of clozapine levels. Near immediate availability of clozapine levels expedited clinical decisions and helped ensure safe clozapine prescribing to severely unwell patients in a time of crisis. By facilitating patients’ early safe discharge from hospital, clozapine point of care testing also reduced length of hospitalisation.ConclusionsPoint of care monitoring of other psychotropic medications in addition to clozapine brings about the prospect of personalised precision medicine for patients with severe mental illness, both in the acute setting and in the community.
Professional stress-related disorders in first-line responders- how far are we from real prevention strategies?
Authors: Vasiliu O. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionIn the context of COVID-19 pandemic, first-line responders (FLR) are exposed to multiple stress factors, ranging from lack of adequate protective equipment to worries about family health due to work-related exposure to the new coronavirus. Therefore, FLR became themselves a vulnerable population that need prevention strategies for professional stress-related disorders (PSRD).ObjectivesTo explore the literature in order to find evidence-based prevention strategies for PSRD in FLR, strategies resulted from other epidemiological crisis situations (MERS-CoV, H1N1, SARS-CoV) that may be applied in the current pandemic.MethodsA literature review was performed through the main electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, SCOPUS, EMBASE) using the search paradigm “professional stress-related disorders” AND “first line responders” AND “prevention”. All papers published between January 2000 and June 2020 were included.ResultsReported prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder in FLR involved in epidemiological crises was between 10% and 33%. Evidence-based recommendations for PSRD prevention are lacking, and only general advices have been detected. These suggestions were clustered on institutional level (e.g., involving of medical personnel in administrative decisions, encouraging personal initiatives, longer pauses between shifts) and individual level (e.g., training of coping abilities, relaxation techniques, and peer-focused group support). Several guidelines for prevention of mental disorders in workplace exist, but they are not focused on FLR.ConclusionsThe need to elaborate guidelines for prevention of PSRD in FLR can not be overemphasized, especially in the pandemic period, in order to avoid the onset of stress-related complications, and to preserve a good quality of the medical activity.
The clinical relevance of childhood manic symptoms
Authors: Frangou S. 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundThe Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, a US population-based sample of 10 year-olds, offers a unique opportunity to examine the neural correlates of manic-like symptoms presenting in children about to enter adolescence.MethodsThe study will avail of the rich dataset of over 11,000 children aged 9-10 years at enrolment using data from the baseline and 2-year follow-up assessment. The analyses aim to track the evolution of manic-like symptoms between the two follow-up waves and test their sensitivity of their association with brain correlates.ResultsData analyses are ongoing and will focus on changes in manic-like symptoms, focusing on youth with remitting, persistent and emerging symptoms and examine their associations with brain structure and resting-state functional connectivity.ConclusionsThe results will inform about the early trajectory of manic-like symptoms and offer new insights into their brain-related correlates.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Prediction of drop-out and functional impairment in recent-onset schizophrenia spectrum disorders
Authors: Mucci A. , Bucci P. , Winter Van Rossum I. , Arango C. , Baandrup L. , Glenthøj B. , Dazzan P. , Demjaha A. , Mcguire P. , Díaz-Caneja C. Martínez , Leucht S. , Rodriguez-Jimenez R. , Kahn R. , Galderisi S. 
Published: February 2022

Persistent negative symptoms are associated with worse outcome in both first-episode and chronic subjects with schizophrenia. The identification of these symptoms in recent-onset subjects is still controversial as retrospective data are often unavailable. The prospective assessment of persistence of negative symptoms might represent a valid alternative but the length of the persistence is still to be established. The present study investigated the prevalence of negative symptoms of moderate severity, unconfounded by depression and extrapyramidal symptoms at baseline in a large cohort of patients in the early stage of a schizophrenia-spectrum disorder, recruited to the OPTiMiSE trial. Persistent unconfounded negative symptoms were assessed at 4, 10 and 22 weeks of treatment. Symptomatic remission, attrition rate and psychosocial functioning was evaluated in subjects with short-term (4 weeks) persistent negative symptoms (PNS) and in those with negative symptoms that did not persist at follow-up and/or were confounded at baseline (N-PNS). Negative symptoms of moderate severity were observed in 59% of subjects at baseline and were associated to worse global functioning. PNS were observed in 7.9% of the cohort, unconfounded at both baseline and end of 4-week treatment. PNS subjects showed lower remission and higher attrition rates at the end of all treatment phases. Fifty-six percent of subjects completing phase 3 (clozapine treatment) had PNS, and 60% of them were non-remitters at the end of this phase. The presence of short-term PNS during the first phases of psychosis was associated with poor clinical outcome and resistance to antipsychotic treatment, including clozapine.DisclosureProf Mucci has been a consultant and/or advisor to or has received honoraria from Gedeon Richter Bulgaria, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Lundbeck, Otsuka, Pfizer and Pierre Fabre.