bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphological processing of complex and simple pseudo-words in adults and older adults
Authors: Lázaro Miguel , Illera Víctor , García Seila , Ruíz Sánchez de León José María 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe role of morphemes in lexical recognition has been extensively explored in recent years, although the evidence from older adults is extremely scarce. In this study, we carry out a lexical decision task to assess the interference generated by morphological composition of pseudo-words (i.e., the longer and more error prone decisions on pseudo-words made up of morphemes in comparison to pseudo-words without morphological appearance) in a group of young and older adults (mean = 74 years). The results show the expected effect on both response latencies and error rates for both groups. The effect of imageability is also significant. The specific results for the older adults show an interaction between the morphological effect and cognitive reserve: older adults with higher levels of cognitive reserve are more sensitive to morphological interference than older adults with lower cognitive reserve. The overall results are interpreted based on current models of morphological processing and aging.
Private Funds for Ordinary People: Fees, Flows, and Performance
Authors: Riddiough Timothy J. , Wiley Jonathan A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe study private funds available to retail investors of modest wealth. Our sample covers unlisted real estate investment trusts (REITs) for superior cash flow and fee data. Fee structures are skewed toward performance-insensitive components of the compensation contract, particularly front-end loads. The average unlisted REIT underperforms the listed benchmark by 6.5% per year, 5% of which is attributable to fees. Unlisted REITs underperform institutional-grade private equity real estate funds. Fees paid to investment advisors also explain fundraising success, while past performance does not. The underperformance is consistent with the consequences of managerial conflicts of interest, inadequate governance mechanisms, opaque disclosure, and poor investment advice.
Genotyping of Theileria parva populations in vaccinated and non-vaccinated cattle in Malawi
Authors: Chatanga Elisha , Ohari Yuma , Muleya Walter , Hayashida Kyoko , Sugimoto Chihiro , Katakura Ken , Nonaka Nariaki , Nakao Ryo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTheileria parva is an apicomplexan protozoan parasite that causes bovine theileriosis (East Coast Fever; ECF) in central, eastern and southern Africa. In Malawi, ECF is endemic in the northern and central regions where it has negatively affected the development of dairy industry. Despite its endemic status the genetic population structure of T. parva in Malawi is currently unknown. To obtain an understanding of T. parva in Malawi, we performed population genetics analysis of T. parva populations in cattle vaccinated with the Muguga cocktail live vaccine and non-vaccinated cattle using mini- and microsatellite markers covering all the four T. parva chromosomes. The T. parva Muguga strain was included in this study as a reference strain. Linkage disequilibrium was observed when all samples were treated as a single population. There was sub-structuring among the samples as shown by the principal coordinate analysis. Majority of the samples clustered with the T. parva Muguga reference strain suggesting that the isolates in Malawi are closely related to the vaccine component, which support the current use of Muguga cocktail vaccine to control ECF. The clustering of samples from non-endemic southern region with those from endemic central region suggests expansion of the distribution of T. parva in Malawi.
Explaining Out-Group Bias in Weak States
Authors: Charnysh Volha 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTwo dominant explanations for ethnic bias in distributional outcomes are electoral incentives and out-group prejudice. This article proposes a novel and complementary explanation for the phenomenon: variation in legibility across ethnic groups. The author argues that states will allocate fewer resources to groups from which they cannot gather accurate information or collect taxes. The argument is supported by original data on state aid from the 1891/1892 famine in the Russian Empire. Qualitative and quantitative analyses show that districts with a larger Muslim population experienced higher famine mortality and received less generous public assistance. The Muslims, historically ruled via religious intermediaries, were less legible to state officials and generated lower fiscal revenues. State officials could not count on the repayment of food loans or collect tax arrears from Muslim communes, so they were more likely to withhold aid. State relief did not vary with the presence of other minorities that were more legible and generated more revenue.
Fabrication-aware design for furniture with planar pieces
Authors: Yan Wenzhong , Zhao Dawei , Mehta Ankur 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe propose a computational design tool to enable casual end-users to easily design, fabricate, and assemble flat-pack furniture with guaranteed manufacturability. Using our system, users select parameterized components from a library and constrain their dimensions. Then they abstractly specify connections among components to define the furniture. Once fabrication specifications (e.g., materials) designated, the mechanical implementation of the furniture is automatically handled by leveraging encoded domain expertise. Afterwards, the system outputs three-dimensional models for visualization and mechanical drawings for fabrication. We demonstrate the validity of our approach by designing, fabricating, and assembling a variety of flat-pack (scaled) furniture on demand.
Pronominal demonstratives in homeland and heritage Scandinavian
Authors: Kinn Kari , Larsson Ida 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper discusses pronominal demonstratives (PDs) in homeland and heritage (American) Norwegian and Swedish. We establish a baseline approximating the language of the early emigrants, based on 19th/20th century Norwegian dialect recordings and Swedish texts. Baseline Norwegian had a fully established PD expressing psychological distance (see Johannessen 2008a). In Swedish, however, PDs do not quite behave like (distal) demonstratives: they can combine with a definite determiner or a regular demonstrative, and they do not fully have the pragmatic functions that demonstratives have. We propose that the Swedish PD is a pronoun rather than a demonstrative, without the full set of regular pronominal features, but with logophoric features that activate knowledge shared between the speaker and addressee. Data from AmNo show that PDs are preserved in this heritage language, across several generations. On the assumption that PDs are indexical and that speech act participants are represented in narrow syntax, it comes as no surprise that they are retained (Polinsky 2018:63–65), although this may, on the face of it, appear to be at odds with the Interface Hypothesis (e.g. Sorace & Filiaci 2006, Sorace 2011).
Low rate of performance validity failures among individuals with bipolar disorder
Authors: Tart-Zelvin Ariana , Navis Bethany A. , Lamping Elena M. , Langenecker Scott A. , Ryan Kelly A. , McInnis Melvin G. , Marshall David F. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjective:Assessing performance validity is imperative in both clinical and research contexts as data interpretation presupposes adequate participation from examinees. Performance validity tests (PVTs) are utilized to identify instances in which results cannot be interpreted at face value. This study explored the hit rates for two frequently used PVTs in a research sample of individuals with and without histories of bipolar disorder (BD).Method:As part of an ongoing longitudinal study of individuals with BD, we examined the performance of 736 individuals with BD and 255 individuals with no history of mental health disorder on the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM) and the California Verbal Learning Test forced choice trial (CVLT-FC) at three time points.Results:Undiagnosed individuals demonstrated 100% pass rate on PVTs and individuals with BD passed over 98% of the time. A mixed effects model adjusting for relevant demographic variables revealed no significant difference in TOMM scores between the groups, a = .07, SE = .07, p = .31. On the CVLT-FC, no clinically significant differences were observed (ps < .001).Conclusions:Perfect PVT scores were obtained by the majority of individuals, with no differences in failure rates between groups. The tests have approximately >98% specificity in BD and 100% specificity among non-diagnosed individuals. Further, nearly 90% of individuals with BD obtained perfect scores on both measures, a trend observed at each time point.
Amino acid dipeptide formation induced by experimental irradiance of a solar flare power
Authors: Mejsnar Jiří A. , Proks Vladimír , Hezký Petr , Černá Marie 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe experimental study aimed to select the spectrometric results of the solar flare that meet the mathematical conditions for integration, to measure the power of this integrated flux, and to test the integrated power, whether it is able to form a peptide bond between two molecules of selected amino acids on the Earth's surface. Results show that the radiation power of the X17 solar flare scanned by the SOLSTICE and SIM spectrometers aboard the NASA SORCE spacecraft, when used for experimental irradiance of the same parameters, is sufficient to form methionine, alanine, glutamine and proline dipeptides in aqueous solution with pyrophosphate or carbonyl sulphide at laboratory temperature. The experiments, with their successful outcome, provide insight into the biological significance of the narrowband solar flare anchored in the broadband UV solar radiation.
The Effects of Race and the Prosperity Gospel on Politics in the Trump Era
Authors: Gaskins Ben , Jacobs JahAsia 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe Prosperity Gospel (PG) has gotten an increasing amount of attention recently as a major theological force driving Americans' political attitudes and identity. A number of studies have also examined how the PG affects racial minorities, especially Black Protestants, for whom it works counter to Social Gospel theology that is commonly associated with Black religious leaders and believers. This paper employs a unique data set that shows the prevalence of PG identity and beliefs across racial and religious categories, comparing the political outputs of the confluence of race, theology, and religious identity.
The Politics of Bicameral Agreement: Why and When Do State Lawmakers Go to Conference?
Authors: Emrich Colin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe power of conference committees is well documented and studied by scholars of the US Congress. But little is known about politics of bicameral agreement within state legislatures. Leveraging variation across states, I explore the conditions under which legislative leaders prefer formal bicameral conference negotiations to informal talks to reach final legislative agreements. Deploying an original dataset of state legislative decisions between 2005 and 2018, I find that ideologically cohesive majority parties favor the use of conferences, disproportionately relying on them to reconcile bicameral differences on salient measures. Majority parties, however, refrain from going to conference in those assemblies that empower the minority party to select its preferred conferees. The interaction of chamber rules and partisan dynamics thus shapes the contours of legislative agreements in systematic ways across the states.
Advanced Practice – wohin?
Authors: Wolfensberger Peter , Fischer Susan , Laimbacher Sabrina 
Published: April 2022

Was ist zu diesem Thema bereits bekannt? Die psychiatrische Pflege ist im Umbruch und der Versorgungsbedarf wächst. Gleichzeitig ist auch die Psychiatrie vom Fachkräftemangel betroffen, weshalb neue Ansätze erforderlich sind. Wie wird eine neue Perspektive eingebracht? Mit der Rolle Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP) wird ein im deutschsprachigen Raum neues Rollenprofil initiiert, welches Bestehendes aufnimmt und Neues schafft. Was sind die Auswirkungen für die Praxis? Mit der Implementierung von PMHNPs in der psychiatrischen Praxis wird die Pflege in interprofessionellen Teams an Profil gewinnen und sich weiterentwickeln.
A Dual Heterogeneous Domain Model for Upscaling Anomalous Transport With Multi‐Peaks in Heterogeneous Aquifers
Authors: Yin Maosheng , Ma Rui , Zhang Yong , Chen Kewei , Guo Zhilin , Zheng Chunmiao 
Published: April 2022

AbstractNatural aquifers are often characterized by multiscale heterogeneity and complex flow networks, challenging the reliable simulation and prediction of contaminant transport. Classic stochastic transport models usually assume independent, identically distributed probability density functions when upscaling solute dynamics, but this assumption is not valid for media with multiscale heterogeneity. To address this issue, a dual heterogeneous domain model (DHDM) was proposed to quantify solute transport in heterogeneous aquifers where solute breakthrough curves (BTCs) exhibit multiple peaks and transient tailing behaviors. To efficiently solve the resultant DHDM, a Lagrangian solver was developed by combining the renewal‐reward process (to capture solute dynamics in each domain) and the state transition probability (to capture solute particle transfer between the two heterogeneous domains). The DHDM and its Lagrangian solver were then applied to simulate solute transport in three different aquifer settings (alluvial, fractured, and karst). Analyses showed that in the alluvial aquifer, early arrivals and bi‐peaks of the observed solute BTC might be caused by interconnected preferential flow paths consisting of high conductivity sediments, while the front edge or long tails of local peaks might be a result of small‐scale heterogeneity. Fracture networks and karst conduits also resulted in anomalous transport with multiple peaks, and mass transfer between the preferential flow channels and matrix led to solute retention. All these complex, coexisting anomalous transport characteristics can be simultaneously and accurately captured by the unifying DHDM approach, significantly expanding the capability of nonlocal transport models.
Revealing the nature of optical activity in carbon dots produced from different chiral precursor molecules
Authors: Das Ananya , Kundelev Evgeny V. , Vedernikova Anna A. , Cherevkov Sergei A. , Danilov Denis V. , Koroleva Aleksandra V. , Zhizhin Evgeniy V. , Tsypkin Anton N. , Litvin Aleksandr P. , Baranov Alexander V. , Fedorov Anatoly V. , Ushakova Elena V. , Rogach Andrey L. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCarbon dots (CDs) are light-emitting nanoparticles that show great promise for applications in biology and medicine due to the ease of fabrication, biocompatibility, and attractive optical properties. Optical chirality, on the other hand, is an intrinsic feature inherent in many objects in nature, and it can play an important role in the formation of artificial complexes based on CDs that are implemented for enantiomer recognition, site-specific bonding, etc. We employed a one-step hydrothermal synthesis to produce chiral CDs from the commonly used precursors citric acid and ethylenediamine together with a set of different chiral precursors, namely, L-isomers of cysteine, glutathione, phenylglycine, and tryptophan. The resulting CDs consisted of O,N-doped (and also S-doped, in some cases) carbonized cores with surfaces rich in amide and hydroxyl groups; they exhibited high photoluminescence quantum yields reaching 57%, chiral optical signals in the UV and visible spectral regions, and two-photon absorption. Chiral signals of CDs were rather complex and originated from a combination of the chiral precursors attached to the CD surface, hybridization of lower-energy levels of chiral chromophores formed within CDs, and intrinsic chirality of the CD cores. Using DFT analysis, we showed how incorporation of the chiral precursors at the optical centers induced a strong response in their circular dichroism spectra. The optical characteristics of these CDs, which can easily be dispersed in solvents of different polarities, remained stable during pH changes in the environment and after UV exposure for more than 400 min, which opens a wide range of bio-applications.
Outcome of aggressive B-cell lymphoma with TP53 alterations administered with CAR T-cell cocktail alone or in combination with ASCT
Authors: Wei Jia , Xiao Min , Mao Zekai , Wang Na , Cao Yang , Xiao Yi , Meng Fankai , Sun Weimin , Wang Ying , Yang Xingcheng , Chen Liting , Zhang Yicheng , Zhu Haichuan , Zhang Shangkun , Zhang Tongcun , Zhou Jianfeng , Huang Liang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTP53gene alteration confers inferior prognosis in refractory/relapse aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (r/r B-NHL). From September 2016 to September 2020, 257 r/r B-NHL patients were assessed for eligibility for two trials in our center, assessing anti-CD19 and anti-CD22 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR19/22) T-cell cocktail treatment alone or in combination with autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT).TP53alterations were screened in 123 enrolled patients and confirmed in 60. CAR19/22 T-cell administration resulted in best objective (ORR) and complete (CRR) response rate of 87.1% and 45.2% in patients withTP53alterations, respectively. Following a median follow-up of 16.7 months, median progression-free survival (PFS) was 14.8 months, and 24-month overall survival (OS) was estimated at 56.3%. Comparable ORR, PFS, and OS were determined in individuals with or withoutTP53alterations, and in individuals at different risk levels based on functional stratification ofTP53alterations. CAR19/22 T-cell treatment in combination with ASCT resulted in higher ORR, CRR, PFS, and OS, but reduced occurrence of severe CRS in this patient population, even in individuals showing stable or progressive disease before transplantation. The best ORR and CRR in patients withTP53alterations were 92.9% and 82.1%, respectively. Following a median follow-up of 21.2 months, 24-month PFS and OS rates in patients withTP53alterations were estimated at 77.5% and 89.3%, respectively. In multivariable analysis, this combination strategy predicted improved OS. In conclusion, CAR19/22 T-cell therapy is efficacious in r/r aggressive B-NHL withTP53alterations. Combining CAR-T cell administration with ASCT further improves long-term outcome of these patients.
Borderline personality disorder and the big five: molecular genetic analyses indicate shared genetic architecture with neuroticism and openness
Authors: Streit Fabian , Witt Stephanie H. , Awasthi Swapnil , Foo Jerome C. , Jungkunz Martin , Frank Josef , Colodro-Conde Lucía , Hindley Guy , Smeland Olav B. , Maslahati Tolou , Schwarze Cornelia E. , Dahmen Norbert , Schott Björn H. , Kleindienst Nikolaus , Hartmann Annette , Giegling Ina , Zillich Lea , Sirignano Lea , Poisel Eric , Chen Chi-Hua , Nöthen Markus M. , Mobascher Arian , Rujescu Dan , Lieb Klaus , Roepke Stefan , Schmahl Christian , Bohus Martin , Ripke Stephan , Rietschel Marcella , Andreassen Ole A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBoth environmental (e.g. interpersonal traumatization during childhood and adolescence) and genetic factors may contribute to the development of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). Twin studies assessing borderline personality symptoms/features in the general population indicate that genetic factors underlying these symptoms/features are shared in part with the personality traits of the Five Factor Model (FFM) of personality—the “Big Five”. In the present study, the genetic overlap of BPD with the Big Five -Openness to Experience, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism- was assessed. Linkage disequilibrium score regression was used to calculate genetic correlations between a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in central European populations on BPD (N = 2543) and GWAS on the Big Five (N = 76,551–122,886, NeuroticismN = 390,278). Polygenic scores (PGS) were calculated to test the association of the genetic disposition for the personality traits with BPD case-control status. Significant positive genetic correlations of BPD were found with Neuroticism (rg = 0.34,p = 6.3*10−5) and Openness (rg = 0.24,p = 0.036), but not with the other personality traits (all | rg | <0.14, allp > 0.30). A cluster and item-level analysis showed positive genetic correlations of BPD with the Neuroticism clusters “Depressed Affect” and “Worry”, and with a broad range of Neuroticism items (N = 348,219–376,352). PGS analyses confirmed the genetic correlations, and found an independent contribution of the personality traits to BPD risk. The observed associations indicate a partially shared genetic background of BPD and the personality traits Neuroticism and Openness. Larger GWAS of BPD and the “Big Five” are needed to further explore the role of personality traits in the etiology of BPD.
Structural and mechanical properties of biodegradable poly(lactic acid) and pectin composites: using bionucleating agent to improve crystallization behavior
Authors: Satsum Apiwat , Busayaporn Wutthikrai , Rungswang Wonchalerm , Soontaranon Siriwat , Thumanu Kanjana , Wanapu Chokchai 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBiocomposites of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and pectin, which are low-cost organic materials, were prepared using an internal mixing machine in various pectin contents, i.e., 2, 4, 6 and 8% w/w. When pectin was added as a nucleating agent, the mechanical properties of the biocomposites, such as tensile and impact testing, were considerably improved, particularly following the annealing process. In addition, the PLA–pectin annealed at 4% w/w showed the highest strength and thermal stability. This can be explained by the fact that PLA containing 4% pectin by weight had the best dispersion, as indicated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and synchrotron-based 2D chemical mapping FT-IR. Moreover, pectin not only serves as a reinforcing material to improve mechanical characteristics but also aids in the crystallization of PLA, which was confirmed by in situ synchrotron-based wide-angle X-ray scattering (SR-WAXS). The crystallization rate and crystallinity were maximum at 8% w/w pectin addition according to the SR-WAXS results. This shows that pectin dispersion is the most important factor in determining the mechanical and thermal properties of biocomposites.