bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Adjuvant Chemotherapy on Survival of Patients With 8th Edition Stage IB Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Xu Yangyang , Wan Bing , Zhu Suhua , Zhang Tianli , Xie Jingyuan , Liu Hongbing , Zhan Ping , Lv Tangfeng , Song Yong 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundThe efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with 8th edition stage IB (tumor size ≤4 cm) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear.MethodsWe identified 9757 eligible patients (non-chemotherapy group: n=8303; chemotherapy group: n=1454) between 2004 and 2016 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. Log-rank test was used to compare overall survival (OS) between the chemotherapy and non-chemotherapy groups. Cox regression model was applied to investigate the independent prognosis factors of all surgically treated stage IB patients, and then the nomogram was constructed. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to reduce the confounding bias, and subgroup analyses of the matched cohort were also performed. Finally, we reviewed 184 patients with stage IB NSCLC from July 2008 to December 2016 in Jinling Hospital as a validation cohort, and compared disease-free survival (DFS) and OS between the two groups.ResultsIn the SEER database cohort, adjuvant chemotherapy was associated with improved OS in both unmatched and matched (1417 pairs) cohorts (all P &lt;0.05). The survival benefit (both OS and DFS) was confirmed in the validation cohort (P &lt;0.05). Multivariate analysis showed age, race, sex, marital status, histology, tumor location, tumor size, differentiation, surgical method, lymph nodes (LNs) examined, radiotherapy and chemotherapy were prognostic factors for resected stage IB NSCLC (all P &lt;0.05). The concordance index and calibration curves demonstrated good prediction effect. Subgroup analyses showed patients with the following characteristics benefited from chemotherapy: old age, poor differentiation to undifferentiation, 0-15 LNs examined, visceral pleural invasion (VPI), lobectomy and no radiotherapy (all P &lt;0.05).ConclusionsAdjuvant chemotherapy is associated with improved survival in 8th edition stage IB NSCLC patients, especially in those with old age, poorly differentiated to undifferentiated tumors, 0-15 LNs examined, VPI, lobotomy and no radiotherapy. Further prospective trials are needed to confirm these conclusions. Besides, the nomogram provides relatively accurate prediction for the prognosis of resected stage IB NSCLC patients.
Novel and Specific MRI Features Indicate the Clinical Features of Patients With Rare Hepatic Tumor Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma
Authors: Zhang Wei , Zhang Hongtao , Zhong Yanwei , Zhang Keming , Kong Huifang , Yu Linxiang , Chen Yan , Bai Yili , Zhu Zhenyu , Yang Yongping , Gao Xudong 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the MRI features and clinical significance of hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (HEHE).MethodsClinical records and MRI findings were retrospectively evaluated in nine HEHE patients from May 2010 to January 2020.ResultThere were 121 lesions in nine patients with a predominantly peripheral distribution. Five lesions (4.13%) in two patients (22.22%) had evidence of capsular retraction, and three patients had lung metastasis (33.33%). Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI showed progressive enhancement, mainly in two ways: ring enhancement with hypovascularity in four patients (44.44%) and ring enhancement with hypervascularity in five patients (55.56%). Imaging demonstrated a multilayer ring appearance, which was typically observed on T2-weighted imaging (T2WI). The most common appearance consisted of two layers of varying signal, with some images displaying up to four layers. There were significant differences in the size of lesions between different layers of multilayer ring appearance (p &lt; 0.001). All lesions exhibited a two-layer appearance on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), with hyperintensity at the periphery and a slightly high signal at the center (except for those with a single layer on T2WI). The “vascular penetration sign” was observed in most lesions, and the blood vessels of 112 lesions (92.56%) were portal vein branches, and five (4.13%) were hepatic vein branches. Pulmonary metastasis was found in three patients with the “vascular penetration sign” of hepatic vein branches.ConclusionThe multilayer ring appearance on T2WI, the “vascular penetration sign”, and the two enhancement patterns may be of great significance in the diagnosis and treatment of HEHE. The “vascular penetration sign” of hepatic vein branches may indicate extrahepatic metastasis.
Predictive Values of Pathological and Clinical Risk Factors for Positivity of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Thin Melanoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Huang Hanzi , Fu Ziyao , Ji Jiang , Huang Jiuzuo , Long Xiao 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundThe indications for sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) for thin melanoma are still unclear. This meta-analysis aims to determine the positive rate of SLNB in thin melanoma and to summarize the predictive value of different high-risk features for positive results of SLNB.MethodsFour databases were searched for literature on SLNB performed in patients with thin melanoma published between January 2000 and December 2020. The overall positive rate and positive rate of each high-risk feature were calculated and obtained with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Both unadjusted odds ratios (ORs) and adjusted ORs (AORs) of high-risk features were analyzed. Pooled effects were estimated using random-effects model meta-analyses.ResultsSixty-six studies reporting 38,844 patients with thin melanoma who underwent SLNB met the inclusion criteria. The pooled positive rate of SLNB was 5.1% [95% confidence interval (CI) 4.9%-5.3%]. Features significantly predicted a positive result of SLNB were thickness≥0.8 mm [AOR 1.94 (95%CI 1.28-2.95); positive rate 7.0% (95%CI 6.0-8.0%)]; ulceration [AOR 3.09 (95%CI 1.75-5.44); positive rate 4.2% (95%CI 1.8-7.2%)]; mitosis rate &gt;0/mm2 [AOR 1.63 (95%CI 1.13-2.36); positive rate 7.7% (95%CI 6.3-9.1%)]; microsatellites [OR 3.8 (95%CI 1.38-10.47); positive rate 16.6% (95%CI 2.4-36.6%)]; and vertical growth phase [OR 2.76 (95%CI 1.72-4.43); positive rate 8.1% (95%CI 6.3-10.1%)].ConclusionsThe overall positive rate of SLNB in thin melanoma was 5.1%. The strongest predictor for SLN positivity identified was microsatellites on unadjusted analysis and ulceration on adjusted analysis. Breslow thickness ≥0.8 mm and mitosis rate &gt;0/mm2 both predict SLN positivity in adjusted analysis and increase the positive rate to 7.0% and 7.7%. We suggest patients with thin melanoma with the above high-risk features should be considered for giving an SLNB.
Case Report: Successful Avatrombopag Treatment for Two Cases of Anti-PD-1 Antibody-Induced Acquired Amegakaryocytic Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Tu Xiaofang , Xue Ali , Wu Suye , Jin Mengmeng , Zhao Pu , Zhang Hao 
Published: January 2022

Background: Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy has achieved impressive responses in multiple types of malignancies in recent years. However, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) occur and limit their continuous clinical use. Among these irAEs, acquired amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia (AAT) is rare but often clinically serious, life-threatening and refractory to multiple treatment approaches.Case summary: We reported for the first time the successful treatment of avatrombopag in two cases of anti-PD1 antibody-induced AAT (in particular, one case had progressed to aplastic anemia), which was refractory or intolerant to glucocorticoids, ciclosporin, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), recombinant human thrombopoietin (rh-TPO) and even TPO receptor agonist (TPO-RA) eltrombopag. To date, the two cases manifested as normal platelet counts and are independent of transfusion.Conclusion: Anti-PD1 antibody-induced AAT occurs with low frequency but is often serious and difficult to manage, for which this study proposed vatrombopag as a potential curative and safe approach.
Social Engagement and Urban–Rural Disparity in Self-Management Behaviors: Study of Middle-Aged and Older Chinese Hypertension Patients
Authors: Lu Jiao , Liu Linhui , Wang Yuan , Zhou Zhongliang 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundThis study examines the effect of social engagement on urban–rural disparities in self-management behaviors (medication use, self-monitoring, physical activity, and tobacco and alcohol avoidance) among middle-aged and older Chinese patients with hypertension.MethodsData from 2011 to 2018 were extracted from the four latest waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Chi-square tests and t-tests were performed to examine urban–rural gaps in self-management behaviors. Random-effects panel logit regression models were adopted to confirm the effect of social engagement on urban–rural disparity in self-management behaviors and to explore whether this effect has narrowed or widened with “bilateral flow” between urban and rural residents. A Fairlie decomposition technique was also used to calculate the extent to which social engagement reflects urban–rural disparities.ResultsThere was significant urban–rural disparity in medication use and tobacco avoidance behaviors among the sampled patients. Medication use behavior (p &lt; 0.001) among urban middle-aged and older patients was significantly better, whereas tobacco avoidance behavior (p &lt; 0.05) was significantly lower compared with the rural population. Social engagement significantly enlarged the urban–rural gap in tobacco avoidance behavior (p &lt; 0.01), but significantly narrowed the urban–rural gap in medication use behavior (p &lt; 0.001). The Fairlie decomposition revealed that ~75.000% and 29.412% of the explained urban–rural gap in tobacco avoidance and medication use, respectively, could be attributed to social engagement. The negative effect of social engagement on urban–rural disparity in medication use increased when urban residents moved to rural areas (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionsThe urban–rural disparities in self-management behaviors of middle-aged and older Chinese hypertensive patients were mainly manifested in medication use and tobacco avoidance behaviors. The gaps in these two behaviors partly changed with social engagement, while the migration of urban population to rural areas weakens the positive role of social engagement in narrowing the urban–rural gap in medication use behavior. The insights of this paper on social engagement and urban–rural disparity in self-management behaviors, and the effect of urban–rural migration thereof, deserve the attention of health policymakers and researchers.
Engineered Fungus Thermothelomyces thermophilus Producing Plant Storage Proteins
Authors: Balabanova Larissa , Seitkalieva Aleksandra , Yugay Yulia , Rusapetova Tatiana , Slepchenko Lubov , Podvolotskaya Anna , Yatsunskaya Margarita , Vasyutkina Elena , Son Oksana , Tekutyeva Liudmila , Shkryl Yury 
Published: January 2022

An efficient Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation based on the plant binary vector pPZP-RCS2 was carried out for the multiple heterologous protein production in filamentous fungus Thermothelomyces thermophilus F-859 (formerly Myceliophthora thermophila F-859). The engineered fungus Th. thermophilus was able to produce plant storage proteins of Zea mays (α-zein Z19) and Amaranthus hypochondriacus (albumin A1) to enrich fungal biomass by valuable nutritional proteins and improved amino acid content. The mRNA levels of z19 and a1 genes were significantly dependent on their driving promoters: the promoter of tryptophan synthase (PtrpC) was more efficient to express a1, while the promoter of translation elongation factor (Ptef) provided much higher levels of z19 transcript abundance. In general, the total recombinant proteins and amino acid contents were higher in the Ptef-containing clones. This work describes a new strategy to improve mycoprotein nutritive value by overexpression of plant storage proteins.