bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organizational safety climate and workplace violence among primary healthcare workers in Malaysia
Authors: Rajakrishnan Sudeash , Abdullah Victor Hoe Chee Wai , Aghamohammadi Nasrin 
Published: February 2022

Workplace violence (WPV) has become a global safety and health concern in recent times particularly in the healthcare sector. In addition, low levels of organisational safety climate (OSC) have been associated with higher occurrence of occupational related health outcomes. Hence, the objective of this study was to determine the association between organisational safety climate and workplace violence among government primary healthcare workers. A cross-sectional study among a stratified random sample of 838 primary healthcare workers (HCW) from the nine district health offices under the Selangor state health department. Two standardized self-administered questionnaires were used to obtain data on WPV and OSC. Logistic regression models used to estimate the association between OSC and WPV. Prevalence of WPV was 68.5% whereby verbal abuse was the most common type (65%) followed by bullying (27%), physical violence (6%) and sexual harassment (2%). Nurses (29.7%) were the most affected by WPV. The main perpetrators were relatives of patients (38%). Low level of OSC was also associated with WPV (OR=3.04, 95% CI=1.45-6.41). The results of this study confirmed that safety climate is associated with WPV. Hence, interventions and efforts to prevent WPV among HCW should also include improving organizational safety factors.
Island on a Pendulum: Naxos Between Isolation and Connectivity
Authors: Sfyroera Alexandra S. 
Published: February 2022

Naxos, the largest island of the Cyclades, in the center of the Archipelago, swayed over time between the two ends of the pendulum of insularity, namely between isolation and connectivity, in almost every aspect of human life (society, politics, economy, art, worship etc.). The article examines the position and importance of the island in the Archipelago but also its interaction with the neighboring mainland. It seeks the identity of its inhabitants and whether it differed from that of neighboring islands. It is a diachronic study based on the methods of Historical Archaeology, extending from the Early Iron Age to the end of the Roman period. In this respect, the limitations imposed by the material remains of the past can be overcome by the exploitation of textual evidence in conjunction with evidence found in the landscape and the natural resources.
The starting point is the image of Naxos in myth and literature as a place chosen for the upbringing of gods (i.e., Zeus’ and Dionysus’) or as a deserted landscape of abandonment and pain (in the case of Ariadne). The article specifies which of these traditions are of local origin and which are panhellenic. Subsequently, local history issues related to the aspect of insularity are examined, such as: the trade of Naxian goods, the spread of Naxian coins, the mobility of Naxians as individuals (artists, professionals, pilgrims, etc.), products imports, the participation in alliances (i.e. Delian League, Second Athenian League, Nesiotic League), issues of colonization and mobility of Naxians in general etc.
LE COLLECTIF DE TRAVAIL : ENTRE POSSIBLES ET IMPOSSIBLES
Authors: Menezes Marcos da Costa 
Published: February 2022

Cet article a pour but de mettre en discussion la formation d’un collectif de travail lors d’une intervention faite au sein d’un Centre d’Étude de Langues et d’un cours extra-universitaire à São Paulo. Cette intervention fait partie de la troisième étape d’une recherche développée dans ces deux contextes. L’un des objectifs de cette recherche est de vérifier quel est le regard des professeurs de français langue étrangère (FLE) à propos de leur propre travail. Dans cet article nous présenterons la justificative de la discussion que nous proposons, ainsi que sa pertinence dans les études de l’ergonomie de l’activité. Après, nous soulignerons le cadre théorique sur lequel cette discussion est basée – l’ergonomie de l’activité (Amigues, 2002, 2004 ; Saujat, 2002, 2004 ; Faïta, 2004). Nous expliciterons également les contextes où la recherche est développée et nous mettrons enfin en discussion la formation du collectif de travail, suivi de nos considérations finales.
ADELINE WRONA : « LE PHÉNOMÈNE CONTEMPORAIN DU NOUVEL INDIVIDUALISME EST RELATIF »
Authors: Galeti Mauro Fillipe Augusto 
Published: February 2022

Adeline Wrona est responsable de la formation en Journalisme de l’Université Paris Sorbonne (Celsa, Paris 4). Depuis des années, elle a consacré ses recherches aux relations entre littérature et communication. L’un des plus importants de ses nombreux travaux est le livre Face au Portrait : de Sainte-Beuve à Facebook. Paru en 2012, il a touché une bonne partie des intelectuels français en se confrontant à la question des écrivains journalistes et leurs modes de médiation. Selon la professeure Fiona McIntosh, de l’Université Lille, en surmontant l’approche historique et en analysant la méthode de construction des portraits, Adeline Wrona a été capable d’établir un lien original entre les portraits en littérature, dans les Arts plastiques, la photographie et, plus récemment, l’univers numérique. Dans cet entretien avec Non Plus, Adeline Wrona a discuté les concepts qu’elle a employé pour analyser l’évolution des portraits et nous offre une conclusion inquiétante : ce qu’on appele un nouvel individualisme n’est qu’un concept relatif face aux portraits littéraires parus dans les premiers médias modernes.
Crise de signe - Le symbole dans le théâtre de Maeterlinck
Authors: Dessons Gérard 
Published: February 2022

L’œuvre de Maurice Maeterlinck présente cette caractéristique paradoxale d’être considérée comme l’une des plus importantes du mouvement symboliste alors que, dans le même temps, elle participe à l’invention d’un type de symbole – le symbole de l’œuvre – qui se révèle critique du symbolisme en général. Contrairement au symbole du dictionnaire, qui fonde sa valeur sur l’universalité, le symbole de l’œuvre tire sa valeur de sa spécificité. Ainsi, dans La Mort de Tintagiles, la porte, objet symbolique par excellence, perd sa valeur universelle de passage entre deux mondes, pour gagner une fonction : faire du langage, dans son phrasé même, le lieu dramatique d’une communication impossible.
Retratos de múltiplas Índias
Authors: Conceição Willian Luiz 
Published: February 2022

Com uma população de cerca de 1,324 bilhão de pessoas, a Índia é um país de dimensões continentais e múltiplas culturas. As diferenças geográficas e ecológicas, os conflitos étnicos e religiosos históricos, as situações das castas, as múltiplas línguas faladas no território, tornam as distintas Índias um ambiente propicio aos estudos etnográficos contemporâneos. Por outro lado, nos força a um retorno necessário às obras clássicas da antropologia que buscaram descrever a diversidade e a heterogeneidade do país. Esse ensaio fotográfico buscou diferentes aspectos de cidades, vilas, paisagens humanas e ambientais, sensível às cores das roupas, dos veículos, motorizados ou não, os cheiros das comidas, das especiarias e dos perfumes usados, o momento de lazer, do descanso e do trabalho, as práticas litúrgicas e as expressões políticas apresentam Índias complexas e encantadoras. As cidades aqui fotografadas em março de 2014 e apresentadas de forma inédita nesse ensaio são: Mumbai, Varanasi, Délhi/Nova Délhi e Cochim.
mundo do comércio, um mundo das mulheres: Pensando práticas comerciais em Mindelo, Cabo Verde
Authors: Venancio Vinícius 
Published: February 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho, realizado em Mindelo, Cabo Verde, é compreender o papel do comércio transnacional nas vidas das mulheres que tecem as redes que dão vida a ele. Meu interesse é refletir sobre o contexto social em que a mulher é figura central tanto no âmbito doméstico – enquanto mulher-mãe - quanto no domínio do público – como comerciante com papel central nas ruas, mercados e lojas, além de traçarem rotas transnacionais. Para realizar tal análise, apresentarei as rotas mais comuns utilizadas por essas mulheres para adquirir os produtos que abastecem as suas lojas, destinos esses que muitas vezes confluem com os migratórios. Por ser desempenhado majoritariamente por mulheres, investigo também como se dá a congruência entre dois mundos que rotineiramente são colocados enquanto opostos, a casa e a rua, a partir da noção de centralidade feminina no âmbito doméstico, tão presente nos estudos sobre o arquipélago.
Palavras-chave: comércio transnacional; mulheres; Cabo Verde; fluxos; casa e rua.
Canine: Pre-training an Efficient Tokenization-Free Encoder for Language Representation
Authors: Clark Jonathan H. , Garrette Dan , Turc Iulia , Wieting John 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPipelined NLP systems have largely been superseded by end-to-end neural modeling, yet nearly all commonly used models still require an explicit tokenization step. While recent tokenization approaches based on data-derived subword lexicons are less brittle than manually engineered tokenizers, these techniques are not equally suited to all languages, and the use of any fixed vocabulary may limit a model’s ability to adapt. In this paper, we present Canine, a neural encoder that operates directly on character sequences—without explicit tokenization or vocabulary—and a pre-training strategy that operates either directly on characters or optionally uses subwords as a soft inductive bias. To use its finer-grained input effectively and efficiently, Canine combines downsampling, which reduces the input sequence length, with a deep transformer stack, which encodes context. Canine outperforms a comparable mBert model by 5.7 F1 on TyDi QA, a challenging multilingual benchmark, despite having fewer model parameters.
Samanantar: The Largest Publicly Available Parallel Corpora Collection for 11 Indic Languages
Authors: Ramesh Gowtham , Doddapaneni Sumanth , Bheemaraj Aravinth , Jobanputra Mayank , AK Raghavan , Sharma Ajitesh , Sahoo Sujit , Diddee Harshita , J Mahalakshmi , Kakwani Divyanshu , Kumar Navneet , Pradeep Aswin , Nagaraj Srihari , Deepak Kumar , Raghavan Vivek , Kunchukuttan Anoop , Kumar Pratyush , Khapra Mitesh Shantadevi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We present Samanantar, the largest publicly available parallel corpora collection for Indic languages. The collection contains a total of 49.7 million sentence pairs between English and 11 Indic languages (from two language families). Specifically, we compile 12.4 million sentence pairs from existing, publicly available parallel corpora, and additionally mine 37.4 million sentence pairs from the Web, resulting in a 4× increase. We mine the parallel sentences from the Web by combining many corpora, tools, and methods: (a) Web-crawled monolingual corpora, (b) document OCR for extracting sentences from scanned documents, (c) multilingual representation models for aligning sentences, and (d) approximate nearest neighbor search for searching in a large collection of sentences. Human evaluation of samples from the newly mined corpora validate the high quality of the parallel sentences across 11 languages. Further, we extract 83.4 million sentence pairs between all 55 Indic language pairs from the English-centric parallel corpus using English as the pivot language. We trained multilingual NMT models spanning all these languages on Samanantar which outperform existing models and baselines on publicly available benchmarks, such as FLORES, establishing the utility of Samanantar. Our data and models are available publicly at Samanantar and we hope they will help advance research in NMT and multilingual NLP for Indic languages.
SummaC: Re-Visiting NLI-based Models for Inconsistency Detection in Summarization
Authors: Laban Philippe , Schnabel Tobias , Bennett Paul N. , Hearst Marti A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In the summarization domain, a key requirement for summaries is to be factually consistent with the input document. Previous work has found that natural language inference (NLI) models do not perform competitively when applied to inconsistency detection. In this work, we revisit the use of NLI for inconsistency detection, finding that past work suffered from a mismatch in input granularity between NLI datasets (sentence-level), and inconsistency detection (document level). We provide a highly effective and light-weight method called SummaCConv that enables NLI models to be successfully used for this task by segmenting documents into sentence units and aggregating scores between pairs of sentences. We furthermore introduce a new benchmark called SummaC (Summary Consistency) which consists of six large inconsistency detection datasets. On this dataset, SummaCConv obtains state-of-the-art results with a balanced accuracy of 74.4%, a 5% improvement compared with prior work.
Long-term Return to Sports After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: Reconstruction vs No Reconstruction—A Comparison of 2 Case Series
Authors: Keays Susan L. , Mellifont Daniel B. , Keays Anthony C. , Stuelcken Max C. , Lovell Dale I. , Sayers Mark G.L. 
Published: February 2022

Background: Reconstruction is considered to provide the best opportunity for return to sports (RTS) after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture. However, recent studies report that <50% of athletes return to preinjury sporting levels and that RTS rates at 1 year after injury are the same for athletes undergoing reconstruction and nonoperative management. Long-term studies are essential to confirm these findings and guide decisions regarding surgery. Purpose: First, to compare long-term sports participation after ACL reconstruction and nonreconstruction and, second, to relate RTS level to strength and stability. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Method: Patients with ACL deficiency (n = 101) who were referred for physical therapy at the time of diagnosis were followed long term: 56 were treated surgically 2.5 years (interquartile range [IQR], 1-4) after injury and 45 were treated nonoperatively. At long-term follow-up, the reconstructed group was at 9 years (IQR, 7-11) after injury and aged 33.3 ± 6.2 years (mean ± SD, 70% male; 61% meniscal injury), and the nonreconstructed group was at 11 years (IQR, 7-14) after injury and aged 38.7 ± 8.3 years (67% male; 58% meniscal injury). Measures of objective stability, subjective stability, and quadriceps/hamstring strength were compared between groups using independent-samples t tests. Current RTS level, scored on a 6-point scale, was compared between groups using chi-square tests. Spearman rho correlated RTS with outcome measures. Results: Of the total group of patients, 96% with reconstruction and 93% without continued to play sports. In the reconstructed and nonreconstructed groups, 4% and 7% did not RTS, and 8% and 17% returned to safe sports, respectively: 13% and 12% to running, 20% and 26% to sports involving limited twisting, 12% and 24% to recreational pivoting sports, and 43% and 14% to competitive pivoting sports. The only significant difference was in return to competitive pivoting sports ( P = .003). Five patients with reconstruction ruptured the contralateral ACL, and 1 ruptured his graft. Most patients treated nonoperatively modified their sports participation. Their RTS levels correlated significantly with quadriceps strength ( r = 0.65; P < .001), hamstring strength ( r = 0.721; P < .001), and subjective stability ( r = 0.405; P = .01). Conclusion: Surgically treated patients returned to competitive pivoting sports at 3 times the rate of those managed nonoperatively, confirming that reconstruction provides the best opportunity for continued participation in competitive pivoting sports. Regardless of grouping, RTS correlated with modifiable factors, including strength and stability. Higher rates of subsequent injuries observed after reconstruction may result from increased participation in competitive pivoting sports.
Performance and Return to Sports After Meniscectomy in Professional Baseball Players
Authors: Erickson Brandon J. , Chalmers Peter N. , D’Angelo John , Ma Kevin , Rowe Dana , Ciccotti Michael G. , Dugas Jeffrey R. 
Published: February 2022

Background: Meniscal injuries are common in athletes across many sports. How professional baseball players respond to partial meniscectomy is not well documented. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose was to determine the performance and return-to-sports (RTS) rate in professional baseball players after arthroscopic partial knee meniscectomy and compare the results of partial medial meniscectomy versus partial lateral meniscectomy. The hypothesis was that there would be a high RTS rate in professional baseball players after partial meniscectomy with no difference in the RTS rate or timing of RTS between players who underwent partial medial meniscectomy versus partial lateral meniscectomy. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: All professional baseball players who underwent arthroscopic partial meniscectomy between 2010 and 2017 were identified using the Major League Baseball Health and Injury Tracking System database. Demographic and performance data (before and after injury) for each player were recorded. The RTS rate and timing of RTS were then compared between players who underwent partial medial meniscectomy versus partial lateral meniscectomy. Results: A total of 168 knees (168 players) underwent arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (mean age, 25 ± 5 years; 46% medial meniscectomy, 45% lateral meniscectomy, and 9% both medial and lateral meniscectomy). The most common mechanism of injury was fielding in the infield on natural grass. Injuries were spread evenly across positions: 18% catchers, 24% infielders, 20% outfielders, and 38% pitchers. The overall RTS rate was 80% (76% returned to the same or a higher level, and 4% returned to a lower level). For performance, pitchers saw significant decreases in usage but significant improvements in performance using the advanced statistics of fielding independent pitching ( P < .001) and wins above replacement ( P = .011). Hitters saw significant decreases in usage but increases in efficiency as seen by improvements in wins above replacement ( P = .003). Of the 79 athletes who returned during the same season, the median time to return to play was 42 days. Conclusion: The RTS rate after meniscectomy in professional baseball players was 80%. Player efficiency improved after surgery in pitchers and position players. No difference in the RTS rate or timing of RTS existed between players who underwent partial medial meniscectomy versus partial lateral meniscectomy.
Adverse events induced by nivolumab and ipilimumab combination regimens
Authors: Somekawa Kohei , Horita Nobuyuki , Kaneko Ayami , Tagami Yoichi , Fukuda Nobuhiko , Matsumoto Hiromi , Namkoong Ho , Fujiwara Yu , Minegishi Kaoru , Fukumoto Takeshi , Watanabe Keisuke , Hara Yu , Kobayashi Nobuaki , Kaneko Takeshi 
Published: February 2022

Background: No meta-analysis has assessed the pooled frequencies of adverse events (AEs) induced by concomitant nivolumab plus ipilimumab regimen for anticancer-medications-naïve malignancies. Furthermore, no meta-analysis has compared detailed safety profiles between four doses of nivolumab 3 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 1 mg/kg every 3 weeks (N3I1) and four doses of nivolumab 1 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 3 mg/kg every 3 weeks (N1I3). Objectives of this study was estimating AE frequencies, and comparison of AE frequencies between N3I1 and N1I3 regimens. Methods: Four major electronic databases were searched; both interventional and observational studies were included. All primary cancer types were permitted. Patients should not have been previously treated with any anti-cancer medications. The frequency of AEs was pooled using a random-model meta-analysis using the generic inverse variance method. Protocol registration: UMIN000044090. Results: Forty articles representing 48 populations with 4,677 patients were included in the study. The pooled frequencies for key indicators were as follows: any AE, 81.3% (95% confidence interval (CI) 77.5-85.1); grade 3 or higher AE, 40.6% (95% CI: 35.7–45.5); serious AE, 32.7% (95% CI: 22.4–43.1); AE leading to discontinuation, 28.3% (95% CI: 23.7–32.8); and treatment-related death, 0.7% (95% CI: 0.4–1.1). AEs with the highest incidence were fatigue (27.9%, 95% CI: 22.6–33.3), followed by diarrhea (26.0%, 95% CI: 21.5–30.5), pruritus (24.6%, 95% CI: 20.3–28.8), rash (24.0% 95% CI: 19.3–28.7), and elevated aspartate aminotransferase (21.2%, 95% CI: 14.9–27.5). Subgroup analyses demonstrated that N3I1, compared to N1I3, less frequently induced any AE (N1I3 95.7%, N3I1 84.5%, p = 0.003), grade 3 or higher AE (N1I3 64.3%, N3I1 35.7%, p < 0.001), and serious AE (N1I3 61.4%, N3I1 47.8%, p = 0.004). Conclusions: Approximately 40% of patients had grade 3 or higher AE. The N3I1 regimen was substantiated to trigger fewer any AEs, high grade AEs, and serious AE than the N1I3 regimen.
Treatment Challenges in a Severe Case of Syphilitic Myelitis With a Longitudinally Extensive Spinal Cord Lesion
Authors: Safadi Amy Li , Day Derek , Nagle Brian , Di Maria Gianluca , Malla Prerna 
Published: February 2022

Syphilitic myelitis is an unusual manifestation of neurosyphilis, rarely reported in the literature. The best management approach remains unclear in severe cases with longitudinally extensive spinal cord lesions. We describe a 29-year-old man with a history of incompletely treated syphilis after a high-risk sexual encounter, who presented two years later with several weeks of progressive numbness and weakness in both legs. MRI spine showed significant cord expansion from the craniocervical junction to T6 with patchy cord enhancement. He was diagnosed with syphilitic myelitis given his history of inadequately treated syphilis, positive serum rapid plasma reagin at a high titer, and CSF pleocytosis with elevated protein along with a reactive CSF Venereal Disease Research Laboratory test. Alternative infectious or immunological etiologies were excluded. He was treated with IV penicillin and pulse steroid therapy with IV methylprednisolone 1 g daily for 3 days with improvement. However, he was soon readmitted with recurrent weakness requiring an additional course of pulse steroid therapy followed by a short prednisone taper. Afterward, his symptoms recurred with worsened cord expansion on imaging. He was re-treated with IV penicillin and pulse steroid therapy with a more prolonged prednisone taper. The patient subsequently improved and had no further recurrent symptoms on extended outpatient follow-up. This report illustrates the importance of keeping syphilitic myelitis on the differential as a treatable cause of longitudinally extensive myelopathy. The patient may have benefited from high-dose IV steroids with a prolonged taper while waiting for the full treatment effect of antibiotics.