bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preference of Orthopedic Practitioners Toward the Use of Topical Medicine for Musculoskeletal Pain Management in China: A National Survey
Authors: Mei Fengyao , Li Jiaojiao , Zhang Liyi , Gao Jiaxiang , Wang Bin , Zhou Qi , Xu Yuankun , Zhou Chi , Zhao Jiaguo , Li Pei , Zhao Yu , Yuan Ting , Fu Weili , Li Chuan , Jin Yinghui , Yang Pei , Xing Dan , Lin Jianhao 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveMusculoskeletal pain is having growing impacts worldwide with clinical challenge in pain management. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the preferences of orthopedic surgeons of China for using medicine in musculoskeletal pain.MethodsA questionnaire was developed, including the following domains, personal information, medication preference for pain treatment, and perceptions of topical medicine. Ten participants were selected to confirm the consistency of questionnaire. A cross‐sectional survey was conducted in orthopedic physicians with different specialties in different regions of China via the online survey platform. The participants' survey results were analyzed one‐way and multi‐way using chi‐square test and logistic regression.ResultsThe pre‐survey analysis results of 10 randomly selected investigators were a mean weighted kappa coefficient of 0.76 (range 0.61–0.89), which indicated the substantial consistency of the present questionnaire. A total of 1099 orthopedic surgeons (mean age, 41.67 ± 8.31 years) responded to our survey, most of whom were male (90.72%), and most of whom worked in level III hospitals (63.24%) and trained in modern medicine (71.43%). Most surgeons who participated in the survey had used topical analgesics in their clinical work (95.81%), and most preferred to use topical analgesics (39.50%) or a combination of oral analgesics (28.87%). Primary reasons for preferring topical analgesics were as follows: less adverse reactions (68.01%); ease of use (60.90%); and not interfering with other oral medications (49.60%). The preference for prescribing topical analgesics increased with the education level of the respondent, where statistically significant differences were seen (P < 0.05). In addition, the level of the respondent's hospital, type of hospital, the respondent's profession, and their participation in surgical work influenced their preferences for topical analgesics (P < 0.05).ConclusionOrthopedic surgeons across China have different medication preferences in the treatment of musculoskeletal pain. The educational background of the physician largely influences the preference when selecting medications. To better improve the treatment of musculoskeletal pain, there is a need to improve the overall medical education of practitioners and to disseminate clinical practice guidelines.
The Effects of COVID‐19 on Geriatric Hip Fracture Management and 1‐Year Mortality in Beijing
Authors: Liu Gang , Yang Minghui , Li Ning , Li Shaoliang , Zhu Shiwen , Wu Xinbao 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesConcerns about the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic resulted in unprecedented challenges to the management of geriatric hip fractures. We aimed to evaluate the effects of the COVID‐19 surge on the time to surgery and 1 year mortality in geriatric patients with hip fracture at a large, urban Level 1 trauma center in Beijing, and to guide the management of geriatric hip fracture patients throughout the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsThis single‐center retrospective study included consecutive patients aged ≥65 years and injured 3 weeks prior to admission. Demographic and surgical data were collected between January 20 and May 31, 2020, and from the same period in 2019. Mortality data and functional status were collected at follow‐up of 1‐year after surgery. The primary outcomes were time to surgery and 1 year mortality.ResultsThere were no significant differences in sex, fracture type, and surgical pattern between the 2020 (n = 261) and 2019 time‐matched (n = 307) cohorts. The time from admission to surgery was significantly delayed in the 2020 cohort compared with that in the 2019 cohort (48.9 h vs 20.5 h, p < 0.001). Fewer patients underwent surgery within 48 h in the 2020 cohort (65.5% vs 87.6%, p < 0.001). Surgical delay was also associated with an increased risk of inpatient complications (30.2% vs 20.8%, p = 0.010), however there was no significant difference in the 1‐year mortality rate, nor between pre‐injury and 1 year follow‐up mobility as assessed by Parker score. Only approximately half of the patients in both groups completely returned to their pre‐injury mobility levels.ConclusionsThe COVID‐19 pandemic has significantly increased the surgery waiting time for geriatric patients with hip fractures, which resulted in increased inpatient complications without a higher mortality rate within 1 year. This reinforces the importance of maintaining timely and protocolized care for geriatric hip fractures throughout any subsequent waves of the pandemic.
Quality improvement and patient safety in China, present and future
Authors: Xu Wenyan , Zheng Jijian , Huang Yue , Zhang Mazhong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWith continued political support and increased health financing, China has achieved great progress in medical and health quality during the two decades. The strategy to improve health in China is built on reliable cross‐sectoral information and data sharing along with quality improvement science and safety analytics balancing equitability, accessibility, quality outcomes, and safety in healthcare for everyone. As part of the healthcare system, pediatric anesthesiology has made great efforts to align with the China healthcare strategy to achieve quality outcomes, accessibility, and patient safety, but it still faces many problems such as unbalanced regional development, lack of awareness and relevant knowledge, and increased workload due to insufficient number of anesthesiologists. To address these problems, the Chinese Society of Anesthesiology and Chinese Society for Pediatric Anesthesiology supported by the Chinese hospital associations are strengthening interregional cooperation and international collaboration. In our experience, quality improvement can be successfully implemented at major centers through collaboration with experienced international institutions. In turn, the major centers educate and collaborate with the district hospitals to empower local improvements in safety and quality. Since the science in QI and patient safety is relatively new to anesthesiology in China, such collaborations must be greatly scaled up to reach the large geography and patient population in China. While the future is promising, there is still a long way to go.
The fern economics spectrum is unaffected by the environment
Authors: Li Jinlong , Chen Xiaoping , Wu Panpan , Niklas Karl J. , Lu Yimiao , Zhong Quanlin , Hu Dandan , Cheng Lin , Cheng Dongliang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe plant economics spectrum describes the trade‐off between plant resource acquisition and storage, and sheds light on plant responses to environmental changes. However, the data used to construct the plant economics spectrum comes mainly from seed plants, thereby neglecting vascular non‐seed plant lineages such as the ferns. To address this omission, we evaluated whether a fern economics spectrum exists using leaf and root traits of 23 fern species living under three subtropical forest conditions differing in light intensity and nutrient gradients. The fern leaf and root traits were found to be highly correlated and formed a plant economics spectrum. Specific leaf mass and root tissue density were found to be on one side of the spectrum (conservative strategy), whereas photosynthesis rate, specific root area, and specific root length were on the other side of the spectrum (acquisitive strategy). Ferns had higher photosynthesis and respiration rates, and photosynthetic nitrogen‐use efficiency under high light conditions and higher specific root area and lower root tissue density in high nutrient environments. However, environmental changes did not significantly affect their resource acquisition strategies. Thus, the plant economics spectrum can be broadened to include ferns, which expands its phylogenetic and ecological implications and utility.
Questionnaire survey on donor human milk programs targeting NICUs in Japan
Authors: Oda Ayaka , Mizuno Katsumi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundSince 2019, neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) with access to human milk banks (HMBs) have increased in Japan. In this study, using a questionnaire survey, we explored an understanding of the purpose, status, and problems of donor human milk (DHM) use and the status of enteral nutrition (EN) in very‐low‐birthweight infants (VLBWIs) in NICUs with access to HMBs.MethodsA questionnaire was sent to 47 NICUs that had access to HMBs. Participants were surveyed from the begining of January to the end of February 2022.ResultsIn total, 37 of 47 (78.9%) NICUs responded to the questionnaire. The most common indications for DHM were gestational age of less than 28 weeks (78.3%) and birthweight of less than 1500 g (100%). Informed consent was obtained from the physicians and most parents accepted DHM. All NICUs responded that EN for VLBWIs should start ideally within 24 h of birth, but in reality, nine NICUs (25%) and 18 NICUs (50%) began EN within 12 and 24 h of birth, respectively. Additionally, seven of the nine NICUs that started EN within 12 h after birth routinely used DHM for VLBWIs. For infants with birthweights of 1000–1499 g, it was not uncommon to start EN within 24 h of birth with formula milk.ConclusionAll NICUs responded that the indication for DHM was very‐low birthweight and that such infants would receive health benefits from DHM. In Japan, there is a trend of starting EN early in VLBWIs. Accessibility to HMB may be important for starting EN within 24 h of birth.
Pricing on‐demand services: Alternative ways of combining usage and access fees
Authors: Gangwar Manish , Bhargava Hemant K. 
Published: August 2022

Many firms are adopting an “everything or anything” as a service—“XaaS”—model to sell goods and value‐added services. Buyers for such goods are heterogeneous both in the number of units they desire and the valuations for each unit. Suppliers designing such revenue models can offer either a usage‐based per‐unit fee or an access‐based per‐period fee, often combining them both as a nonlinear two‐part tariff plan that imposes both types of fees on all buyers or let buyers self‐select from a menu of per‐unit and per‐period plans. We develop a theoretical model to analyze the economic implications of alternative designs for mixing per‐unit and per‐period fees. Our analysis produces the following practical insights on these plans' profitability and market coverage. First, the menu is generally a better way of combining access and usage fees for a firm selling digital goods with zero variable costs. Second, the preferred design switches to a two‐part tariff if the firm's production environment resells or runs on top of a back‐end infrastructure or data service provider that imposes nonnegligible variable costs. Third, we show that the revenue advantage of these two designs (which employ both fees) over a simple plan that employs only one fee (best of per unit and per period) is most significant when the rate of change in marginal valuation is relatively similar across buyers.
Bid price controls for car rental network revenue management
Authors: Li Dong , Pang Zhan , Qian Lixian 
Published: August 2022

We consider a car rental network revenue management (RM) problem, accounting for the key operational characteristics of car rental services such as the varying length of rentals and mobility of inventories, which imply the intertemporal and spatial correlations of rental demands for inventories across different locations and days. The problem is formulated as an infinite‐horizon cyclic stochastic dynamic program to account for the time‐varying and cyclic nature of car rental businesses. To tackle the curse of dimensionality, we propose a Lagrangian relaxation (LR) approach with product‐ and time‐dependent Lagrangian multipliers to decomposing the dynamic network problem into multiple single‐station single‐day subproblems. We show that the Lagrangian dual problem is a convex program and then develop a subgradient‐based algorithm to solve the dual problem and derive an LR‐based bid price policy. To improve the scalability of the LR approach, we further propose three simpler LR‐based bid price policy variants with either location‐dependent or leadtime‐dependent Lagrangian multipliers, or both. Our numerical study indicates that the LR‐based bid price policies can outperform some commonly used heuristics. Using a set of real‐world booking data, we provide a case study in which we empirically demonstrate the operational characteristics of car rental services, calibrate the arrival process of booking requests using a Poisson regression model, and demonstrate that the LR‐based bid price policies indeed outperform other heuristics consistently in both in‐sample and out‐of‐sample horizons.
Longitudinal mediation by perceived burden of the pathway from thwarted belonging to suicidal ideation
Authors: Lin Chao‐Cheng , Linscott Richard J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionWhereas the interpersonal theory of suicide entails the assumption that thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness are equally important, mutually moderating, proximal causes of active ideation, evidence suggests these may not be co‐moderating processes. We tested an alternative perspective, hypothesizing that burden mediates the longitudinal relationship of thwarted belonging with active ideation.MethodsA 6‐week, four‐wave prospective online survey was completed by 298 undergraduates. We tested cross‐sectional and cross‐lagged panel models (CLPM, with and without random effects) with belonging, burden, and ideation at 2‐week lags, and post hoc models with burden as a concurrent mediator of ideation.ResultsApproximately 28% of undergraduates reported active ideation at baseline. Cross‐sectionally, thwarted belonging had no direct influence on ideation but indirectly affected ideation via burden. This result was not confirmed in the 2‐week CLPM analyses. In post hoc analyses, we found belonging operated indirectly via later burden to influence contemporaneous ideation.ConclusionsFindings suggest thwarted belonging influences active ideation indirectly via perceived burden. The effect of burden as a mediator appears to depend on its temporal proximity to ideation. Future research should delimit the period during which perceived burden is an active mediator, accommodate dual‐process approaches, and explore other mediation alternatives to co‐moderation.
Validations of the Farsi versions of the depressive symptom inventory suicidality subscale (F‐DSI‐SS) and suicide rumination scale (F‐SRS) among Iranian college students
Authors: Sahlan Reza N. , Grunewald William , Smith April R. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionSuicidal thoughts are relatively common among college students in Iran. However, measures frequently used to assess suicidality or specific aspects of suicidal ideation in the United States have yet to be validated in Iran. Thus, the present study validated Farsi versions of the Depressive Symptom Inventory Suicidality Subscale (F‐DSI‐SS) and Suicide Rumination Scale (F‐SRS) among Iranian college students.MethodsCollege students (N = 1043; 88.1% women) completed the F‐DSI‐SS. Forty‐six percent (n = 481) of participants reported the presence of suicidal thoughts and were eligible to fill out the F‐SRS. Analyses focused on validating the factor structure, construct, and convergent validity of the F‐DSI‐SS and F‐SRS among college students, as well as testing measurement invariance by gender of the F‐DSI‐SS.ResultsConfirmatory factor analysis (CFA) indicated that the F‐DSI‐SS and F‐SRS had good fit to the data and each displayed a one‐factor structure. Furthermore, the F‐DSI‐SS showed strong measurement invariance across genders. Internal consistency of the F‐DSI‐SS and F‐SRS was good. Lastly, the F‐DSI‐SS and F‐SRS's items and their total scores were intercorrelated and demonstrated good convergent validity.ConclusionFindings suggest that the F‐DSI‐SS and F‐SRS will enable researchers to examine suicidal thoughts and suicide‐specific rumination in Iran.
Risk factors of suicidal behaviors in ahigh‐risklongitudinal veteran sample: A network analysis
Authors: Saulnier Kevin G. , Volarov Marija , Velimirović Mina , Bauer Brian W. , Kolnogorova Kateryna , Ashrafioun Lisham , Stecker Tracy , Allan Nicholas P. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionSuicide is a substantial public health burden, particularly among veterans. Risk factors have been delineated for suicide; however, the dynamic interrelations between risk factors have not been fully examined. Such research has the potential to elucidate processes that contribute to suicide risk between individuals with a past suicide attempt (attempters) and those without a past suicide attempt (nonattempters).MethodsIn the current study, network analysis was used to compare networks between attempters and nonattempters in a high‐risk veteran sample (N = 770;Mage = 32.3 years, SD = 6.8; 326 with a past suicide attempt) who were followed over 1 year. Networks were estimated to examine (1) concurrent relations of suicide risk factors at baseline and (2) predictability of prospective suicidal behavior (SB).ResultsThere were no differences in the overall connectivity of attempter and nonattempter networks. Perceived burdensomeness and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms were most central in the attempters' network, whereas PTSD symptoms and insomnia were most central in the nonattempters' network. The risk factors prospective SB in either network. However, attempters were more likely to engage in SB over the course of the study.ConclusionThese findings highlight the difficulty in predicting who will attempt suicide.
A LRRK2/dLRRK‐mediated lysosomal pathway that contributes to glial cell death and DA neuron survival
Authors: Wang Linfang , Wang Honglei , Yi Shuanglong , Zhang Shiping , Ho Margaret S. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMutations in leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are the most common cause of familial and sporadic Parkinson's disease. A plethora of evidence has indicated a role for LRRK2 in endolysosomal trafficking in neurons, while LRRK2 function in glia, although highly expressed, remains largely unknown. Here, we present evidence that LRRK2/dLRRK mediates a lysosomal pathway that contributes to glial cell death and the survival of dopaminergic (DA) neurons. LRRK2/dLRRK knockdown in the immortalized microglia or flies results in enlarged and swelling lysosomes fewer in number. These lysosomes are less mobile, wrongly acidified, exhibit defective membrane permeability and reduced activity of the lysosome hydrolase cathepsin B. In addition, LRRK2/dLRRK depletion causes glial apoptosis, DA neurodegeneration, and locomotor deficits in an age‐dependent manner. Taken together, these findings demonstrate a functional role of LRRK2/dLRRK in regulating the glial lysosomal pathway; deficits in lysosomal biogenesis and function linking to glial apoptosis potentially underlie the mechanism of DA neurodegeneration, providing insights on LRRK2/dLRRK function in normal and pathological brains.
Impairment in maximal lactate steady state after carbon monoxide inhalation is related to training status
Authors: Kontro Hilkka , Bertagnolli Craig , Murias Juan M. , MacInnis Martin J. 
Published: August 2022

New Findings
What is the central question of this study?
What is the effect of an elevated carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb) concentration following carbon monoxide inhalation on the maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) in humans and is this effect dependent on aerobic fitness?

What is the main finding and its importance?
An elevated COHb concentration intensified physiological responses to exercise at the MLSS – including heart rate, ventilation and peripheral fatigue – in general and reduced the MLSS (i.e., destabilized the blood lactate concentration) in trained but not untrained males and females.

AbstractThis study investigated whether a lower effective [Hb], induced by carbon monoxide (CO) inhalation, reduces the peak oxygen uptake () and the maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) and whether training status explains individual variation in these impairments. Healthy young participants completed two ramp incremental tests (n = 20, 10 female) and two trials at MLSS (n = 16, eight female) following CO rebreathe tests and sham procedures (SHAM) in random orders. All fitness variables were normalized to fat‐free mass (FFM) to account for sex‐related differences in body composition, and males and females were matched for aerobic fitness. The (mean (SD): −4.2 (3.7)%), peak power output (PPO) (−3.3 (2.2)%) and respiratory compensation point (RCP) (−6.3 (4.5)%) were reduced in CO compared with SHAM (P < 0.001 for all), but the gas exchange threshold (−3.3 (7.1)%) was not (P = 0.077). Decreases in (r = −0.45; P = 0.047) and PPO (r = −0.49; P = 0.029) in CO were correlated with baseline aerobic fitness. Compared to SHAM, physiological and perceptual indicators of exercise‐related stress were exacerbated by CO while cycling at MLSS. Notably, the mean blood lactate concentration ([La]) increased (i.e., Δ[La] >1.0 mM) between 10 min (5.5 (1.4) mM) and 30 min (6.8 (1.3) mM; P = 0.026) in CO, with 9/16 participants classified as unstable. These unstable participants had a higher (66.2 (8.5) vs. 56.4 (8.8) ml kg FFM−1 min−1, P = 0.042) and at MLSS (55.8 (7.0) vs. 44.3 (7.0) ml kg FFM−1 min−1, P = 0.006) compared to the stable group. In conclusion, a reduced O2‐carrying capacity decreased maximal and submaximal exercise performance, with higher aerobic fitness associated with greater impairments in both.
V-Containing Heteropoly Acids with Keggin Structure as Precursors of Sulfide Catalysts: Regularities of the Convertion of Dibenzothiophene and Naphthalene on Nonpromoted Mo–V Catalysts
Authors: Timoshkina V. V. , Yudintsev S. V. , Frenkel’ E. D. , Pimerzin A. A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Mixed PMoV heteropoly acids with Keggin structures H3+xPMo12–xVxO40 (x = 1–6) and modified sulfide catalysts on their basis were synthesized, their physicochemical characteristics were determined, and their performance in the reactions of hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of dibenzothiophene (DBT) and hydrogenation of naphthalene was evaluated. Modification of the Mo-containing catalysts with vanadium by impregnation with a solution of mixed heteropoly acids was found to enhance their catalytic activity in the studied reactions, as well as to increase the selectivity for the direct hydrodesulfurization route of the DBT HDS reaction.
Quantum effects in an expanded Black–Scholes model
Authors: Bhatnagar Anantya , Vvedensky Dimitri D. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The limitations of the classical Black–Scholes model are examined by comparing calculated and actual historical prices of European call options on stocks from several sectors of the S &P 500. Persistent differences between the two prices point to an expanded model proposed by Segal and Segal (PNAS 95:4072–4075, 1988) in which information not simultaneously observable or actionable with public information can be represented by an additional pseudo-Wiener process. A real linear combination of the original and added processes leads to a commutation relation analogous to that between a boson field and its canonical momentum in quantum field theory. The resulting pricing formula for a European call option replaces the classical volatility with the norm of a complex quantity, whose imaginary part is shown to compensate for the disparity between prices obtained from the classical Black–Scholes model and actual prices of the test call options. This provides market evidence for the influence of a non-classical process on the price of a security based on non-commuting operators.

Graphic Abstract