bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phytoextraction of heavy metals from tannery sludge: A cleaner approach
Authors: Juel Md. Ariful Islam , Noyon Md. Ashikur Rahaman , Mizan Al , Hashem Md. Abul , Azam Md. Golam 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWorldwide, tannery sludge management has become a big challenge due to containing heavy metals, especially chromium. In this study, phytoextraction of heavy metals from tannery sludge by Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) is presented. Heavy metals‐chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and lead (Pb) in tannery sludge were found at 12686, 371, 265, and 66 mg/kg, respectively. Separately, Napier grass was harvested on raw tannery sludge and garden soil and examined for 16 and 20 weeks after the sowing of seeds. Metal extraction from tannery sludge in Napier grass was found in a series of Cr > Zn > Cu > Pb; the most accumulation was reported in shoot parts of plants in the order of shoots > roots > leaves. Accumulation of Cr in Napier grass at 16 and 20 weeks was 37% and 66%, respectively. An increasing trend of heavy metal gathering in the plant was found significantly by extending the harvesting period from 16 to 20 weeks. Translocation of Cr and Pb was greater than unity (1.623 and 1.339) indicating the suitability of phytoextraction. Further, Napier grass is a rapid‐yielding tropical grass, which showed a high degree of growth tolerance that could be used for treating heavy metals contaminated tannery sludge.
Use of mucoactive agents in cystic fibrosis: A consensus survey of Italian specialists
Authors: Volpi Sonia , Carnovale Vincenzo , Colombo Carla , Raia Valeria , Blasi Francesco , Pappagallo Giovanni ,   PULMOCARE TEAM
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe goal of mucoactive therapies in cystic fibrosis (CF) is to enhance sputum clearance and to reduce a progressive decline in lung function over the patient's lifetime. We aimed to investigate the level of consensus among specialists from Italian CF Centers on appropriateness of therapeutic use of dornase alfa (rhDNase) for CF patients.MethodA consensus on appropriate prescribing in CF mucoactive agents was appraised by an online Delphi method, based on a panel of 27 pulmonologists, coordinated by a Scientific Committee of six experts in medical care of patients with CF.ResultsFull or very high consensus was reached on several issues related to therapeutic use of dornase alfa for CF patients in clinical practice.ConclusionsThe consensus reached on a number of topics regarding use of mucoactive agents in patients with CF can help guide clinicians in daily practice based on expert experience and define the most appropriate therapeutic strategy for the individual patient.
Inducible nitric oxide synthase regulates macrophage polarization via the MAPK signals in concanavalin A‐induced hepatitis
Authors: Yao Xiaoying , Jin Guiyuan , Liu Dong , Zhang Xiaobei , Yang Yonghong , chen Yu , Duan Zhongping , Bi Yanzhen , Yan Fenglian , Yang Yanli , Zhang Hui , Dong Guanjun , Li Shanshan , Cheng Shumin , Tang Huixin , Hong Feng , Si Chuanping 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionAcute liver inflammatory reactions contribute to many health problems; thus, it is critical to understand the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of acute hepatitis. In this study, an experimental in vivo model of concanavalin A (ConA)‐induced hepatitis was used.Materials and MethodsC57BL/6 (wild‐type, WT) or inducible nitric oxide synthase‐deficient (iNOS−/−) mice were injected with PBS or 15 mg/kg ConA via tail vein. Detection of liver injury by histological examination and apoptosis, and flow cytometry to detect the effect of immune cells on liver injury.ResultsiNOS−/− mice had lower levels of the liver enzymes aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, suggesting that they were protected against ConA‐induced pathological liver injury and that iNOS participated in the regulation of hepatitis. Furthermore, iNOS deficiency was found to lower CD86 expression and suppressed the messenger RNA levels of inflammatory factors in the liver. In vitro experiments also demonstrated that iNOS deficiency suppressed the sequential phosphorylation of the mitogen‐activated protein kinase pathway cascade, thereby inhibiting the M1 polarization of macrophages and consequently suppressing the transcription of inflammation factors.ConclusioniNOS may contribute to ConA‐induced inflammation by promoting the activation of proinflammatory macrophages.
Racial and ethnic disparities in nasopharyngeal cancer with an emphasis among Asian Americans
Authors: Wang Qian , Xie Hui , Li Yannan , Theodoropoulos Nicholas , Zhang Yaning , Jiang Changchuan , Wen Chi , Rozek Laura S. , Boffetta Paolo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDespite the overall decreasing incidence, nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) continues to cause a significant health burden among Asian Americans (AAs), who are a fast‐growing but understudied heterogeneous racial group in the United States. We aimed to examine the racial/ethnic disparities in NPC incidence, treatment, and mortality with a specific focus on AA subgroups. NPC patients aged ≥15 years were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 18 (1975‐2018). AAs were divided into Chinese, Filipino, Vietnamese, Hawaiian, Japanese, Laotian, Korean, Cambodian, Indian/Pakistani and other Asian/Pacific Islanders (APIs). Age‐adjusted incidence was calculated using the SEER*Stat software. Cox proportional and Fine‐Gray subdistribution hazard models were used to calculate overall and cause‐specific mortalities after adjusting for confounders. Among the total 11 964 NPC cases, 18.4% were Chinese, 7.7% Filipino, 5.0% Vietnamese, 1.2% Hawaiian, 1.0% Japanese, 0.8% Laotian, 0.8% Korean, 0.6% Cambodian, 0.5% Indian/Pakistani and 4.4% other APIs. Laotians had the highest age‐adjusted NPC incidence (9.21 per 100 000), which was 18.04 times higher than it in non‐Hispanic Whites (NHWs). Chinese and Filipinos observed lower overall mortalities, however, Chinese saw increased NPC‐specific mortality than NHWs. Disparities in mortality were also found across different histology subtypes. This is the first and largest study examining the NPC incidence and outcomes in AA subgroups. The significant disparities of NPC within AAs underline the importance of adequate AA‐subgroup sample size in future studies to understand the prognostic role of ethnicity in NPC and advocate more ethnically and culturally tailored cancer prevention and care delivery.
miR‐548d‐3p inhibits the invasion and migration of gastric cancer cells by targeting GKN1
Authors: Yu Senlong , Meng Hongjie , Shi Shengguang , Cao Shenghui , Bian Tianhua , Zhao Haifeng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to explore the function and mechanism of GKN1 in gastric cancer (GC) progression.MethodsFirstly, we used GEO2R to perform differential gene analysis on GSE26942 and GSE79973 and constructed the protein–protein interaction network of differential genes by STRING. Next, the cytoHubba, Mcode plugins, and GEPIA were used to obtain our follow‐up research object GKN1. Then, the function of GKN1 in GC was verified by scratch and transwell assay in GC cells. We further analyzed the genes related to GKN1 through LinkedOmics, and exported top 100 genes positively or negatively correlated with GKN1. Meanwhile, Metascape was performed on these genes. Finally, we analyzed the miRNAs that bind to GKN1 through the miRDB and verified the correlation between miR‐548d‐3p and GKN1 using dual‐fluorescence and quantitative PCR experiments.ResultsBioinformatics analysis showed that there were 52 differential genes on GSE26942 and GSE79973. In addition, the results of functional assays indicated that overexpressed GKN1 can inhibit GC cell migration and invasion, while GKN1 knockdown demonstrated the opposite effect. Additionally, Metascape analysis results showed that the 3′‐UTR region of mRNA is rich in AU sequences, based on which we infer that mRNA may be regulated by miRNA. Dual‐fluorescence and quantitative PCR assays clarified that miR‐548d‐3p may be one of the target miRNAs of GKN1, which was up‐regulated in GC tissues.ConclusionsIn summary, we clarified that miR‐548d‐3p regulates GKN1 to participate in GC cell migration and invasion, and provides a possible target for the prognostic diagnosis and treatment of GC.
Preanalytical DNA assessment for downstream applications: How to optimize the management of human biospecimens to support molecular diagnosis—An experimental study
Authors: Mordenti Marina , Capicchioni Valentina , Corsini Serena , Locatelli Manuela , Abelli Elisabetta , Banchelli Federico , Boarini Manila , Sangiorgi Luca 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe development of next‐generation sequencing approaches has accelerated the diagnostic process, although at present, there is a lack of a clear consensus on efficient management of human samples for downstream applications. This study aims to investigate timeframe (in terms of short preservation), temperature, and additional preservation procedures (i.e., freeze and thaw cycles) for human biospecimens to implement the reliability and reproducibility of molecular investigations.MethodsOverall, 45 whole peripheral bloods, 22 peripheral blood mononuclear cells samples, 15 saliva, and 15 buccal swab biospecimens (through the extracted DNA) were investigated, assessing yield, integrity, amplifiability, and sizing accuracy via the most common molecular techniques.ResultsBased on the overall evaluation criteria, the results indicate that DNA extracted from all samples, shortly preserved, have suitable quality and reliable reproducibility to be used in diagnostic activities and biomedical research, even if DNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells is more affected by the experimental conditions.ConclusionOur findings confirm the reliability of peripheral blood samples in almost all the experimental conditions. Saliva and buccal swabs are efficient almost as well, while peripheral blood mononuclear cells, albeit remain a primary source of DNA for molecular screenings, represent a less efficient source.
Frequency of serological markers of rheumatoid arthritis in patients with IgA anti‐β2 glycoprotein I antibodies
Authors: Melayah Sarra , Ghozzi Mariem , Mankaï Amani , Mechi Fatma , Ghedira Ibtissem 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimTo determine the frequency of serological markers of RA in patients with anti‐β2 glycoprotein I antibodies (aβ2GPI) of IgA isotype.Material and MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on 67 patients with aβ2GPI‐IgA. Ninety healthy blood donors (HBD) were used as a control group. IgG anti‐cyclic citrullinated peptides antibodies (CCP‐Ab) and rheumatoid factors (RF) IgG, IgA, and IgM were detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsSeventeen patients and eight HBD had CCP‐Ab and/or RF (25.4% vs. 8.9%, p = 0.005, CI 95% [14.95; 35.79], odds ratio = 3.5). The frequency of CCP‐Ab was significantly higher in patients than in healthy subjects (14.9% vs. 3.3%, p = 0.009). IgA isotype of RF was significantly higher in patients than in controls (7.5% vs. 0%, p = 0.02). In male patients, CCP‐Ab and/or RF were more frequent than in healthy male subjects (37.5% vs. 11.8%, p = 0.02). In patients, no correlation was found between the levels of aβ2GPI‐IgA and CCP‐Ab (r = 0.082, p = 0.51). There was no correlation between the level aβ2GPI‐IgA and the level of the isotypes of RF (IgG, IgA, and IgM) in patients (r = 0.1, p = 0.37; r = 0.17, p = 0.17 and r = 0.07, p = 0.59 respectively).ConclusionFrequencies of CCP‐Ab and RF are high in patients with aβ2GPI‐IgA suggesting that these patients are susceptible to developing RA.
Characteristics and impact of bedside procedure services in the United States: A systematic review
Authors: Nandan Anirudh , Wang David , Bosinski Cameron , Tahir Peggy , Wang Sally , Sonenthal Paul D. , Shafiq Majid 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundBedside procedure services are increasingly employed within internal medicine departments to meet clinical needs and improve trainee education. Published literature on these largely comprises single‐center studies; an updated systematic review is needed to synthesize available data.PurposeThis review examined published literature on the structure and function of bedside procedure services and their impact on clinical and educational outcomes (PROSPERO ID: 192466).Data SourcesUsing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses framework, multiple databases were searched for publications from 2000 to 2021.Study Selection, Data Extraction, and Data SynthesisThirteen single‐center studies were identified, including 12 observational studies and 1 randomized trial. Data were synthesized in tabular and narrative format. Services were typically staffed by hospitalists or pulmonologists. At a minimum, each offered paracentesis, thoracentesis, and lumbar puncture. While there was considerable heterogeneity in service structures, these broadly fit either Model A (service performing the procedure) or Model B (service supervising the primary team). Procedure services led to increases in procedure volumes and self‐efficacy among medical residents. Assessment of clinical outcomes was limited by heterogeneous definitions of complication rates and by sparse head‐to‐head data involving suitable comparators. Published data pointed to high success rates, low complication rates, and high patient satisfaction, with a recent study also demonstrating a decreased length of stay.ConclusionsThere are relatively few published studies describing the characteristics of bedside procedure services and their impact on clinical and educational outcomes. Limited data point to considerable heterogeneity in service design, a positive impact on medical trainees, and a positive impact on patient‐related outcomes.
Evaluating the efficacy of capture as aversive conditioning for American alligators in human‐dominated landscapes
Authors: Kidd‐Weaver Anjelika D. , Rainwater Thomas R. , Murphy Thomas M. , Bodinof Jachowski Catherine M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAs anthropogenic impacts on ecosystems increase, novel solutions are needed to mitigate increasing human–wildlife conflict. Aversive conditioning is one strategy that can reduce the risks of humans living alongside wildlife by modifying the behavior of animals through their experiences with humans. Although considered rare, American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) attacks on humans most often occur in human‐dominated landscapes and can be fatal. Our goal was to determine if capture and release protocols might serve as a form of aversive conditioning to reduce alligator tolerance of humans. Specifically, we compared the behavioral response of alligators in South Carolina, USA, in 2009–2018 to an approaching human for animals with 3 different levels of capture experience: alligators from a reference site where no captures occurred, alligators from a site where captures occurred that directly experienced capture and release, and alligators from the site where captures occurred that indirectly experienced capture and release (never captured but likely observed capture of others). We used a hurdle model and information‐theoretic approach to evaluate support for 8 hypotheses regarding factors that influence alligator probability of flight in response to an approaching human and the flight initiation distance (FID) of alligators that did flee. Our hypotheses considered the effects of capture experience, exposure to non‐capture (visual) surveys, alligator size, ambient temperature, and season. The best‐supported models provided strong evidence that capture experience increased the probability of flight and, to a lesser extent, increased FID of alligators that did flee, but that the strength of the effect varied with alligator size or some correlate. Furthermore, the effect of capture may extend beyond animals with direct experience. Capture and release protocols can result in an aversive conditioning response in alligators, effectively reducing habituation to humans. Given the geographic limitations of our study, more work is necessary to determine whether the utility of aversive conditioning may be site‐dependent, or similarly effective across a wider selection of developed landscapes.
Sedge replacement by grasses accelerates litter decomposition and decreases organic matter formation in alpine meadow soils
Authors: Mou Xiao Ming , Yu Ying Wen , Zhao Chuanyan , Soromotin Andrey , Kuzyakov Yakov , Li Xiao Gang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe dominance of sedges in Tibetan meadows is decreasing with the increasing abundance of grasses, mainly due to anthropogenic activities, nitrogen deposition, and climate warming. We investigated the effects of this vegetation shift on litter decomposition (in the field), mineralization to CO2,and litter carbon (C) incorporation into microorganisms (under laboratory conditions) under sedges and grasses at community and species levels. Litter C incorporation into soil organic carbon (SOC) was estimated using13C labelling of the vegetation community. After one year of field incubation, a smaller proportion of shoot litter C was lost in sedges than in grasses at the species level and smaller proportions of root C were lost under sedges at community and species levels. Roots decomposed markedly slower than shoots across communities or species under sedges and grasses. Smaller proportions of the shoot and root C from sedges were incorporated into SOC than from grasses, and root C was less incorporated into the SOC than shoot C across communities. Over the 38‐day laboratory incubation, total microbial respiration and assimilation of litter C changed similarly to the C loss between litter types under the field condition. Across community and species levels, litter C loss in the field and incorporation of litter C into microorganisms under laboratory conditions all increased with initial phosphorus content in the litter and decreased with lignin content. Considering greater allocation of photosynthates belowground by sedges than grasses, we demonstrated that the ongoing replacement of sedges by grasses in the vast Tibetan alpine meadows is unfavorable for the maintenance of SOC storage.
Maximal regularity for the Cauchy problem of the heat equation in BMO
Authors: Ogawa Takayoshi , Shimizu Senjo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe consider maximal regularity for the Cauchy problem of the heat equation in a class of bounded mean oscillations (). Maximal regularity for non‐reflexive Banach spaces is not obtained by the established abstract theory. Based on the symmetric characterization of ‐expression, we obtain maximal regularity for the heat equation in and its sharp trace estimate. Our result shows that the homogeneous initial estimate obtained by Stein [50] and Koch–Tataru [32] can be strengthened up to the inhomogeneous estimate for the external forces and the obtained estimates can be applicable to quasilinear problems. Our method is based on integration by parts and can also be applicable to other type of parabolic problems.
Design of a broadband bandpass filtering power amplifier for 5G communication
Authors: Jian Yelong , Liu Guohua , Cheng Zhiqun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a broadband power amplifier (PA) based on a bandpass filtering (BPF) matching network. Terminated coupled line structure (TCLS) is employed to realize the broadband BPF matching network and ensure high selectivity, which also can achieve impedance transformation for PA. In addition, a harmonic control network is added in front of the TCLS to improve the efficiency of PA. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, a broadband bandpass filtering PA is designed and fabricated. The measured results show that the output power is from 39.5 to 41.6 dBm and the drain efficiency is between 58.8% and 72% in 3.3–3.7 GHz. These superior performances illustrate that the implemented filtering power amplifier can be applied well in 5G communication.
The relative importance of different consequences of nocturnal enuresis among older women: A conjoint analysis experiment
Authors: Welk Blayne , Kennelly Michael 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionAdult nocturnal enuresis (NE) is an understudied and bothersome condition. Our objective was to conduct a conjoint analysis experiment to better understand the relative importance of NE consequences in older women.MethodsWe developed a conjoint analysis survey that included four attributes related to NE (awakening at night, feeling rested in the morning, restricting fluid before bed, and wet perineal skin). We performed a prospective cross‐sectional online study of women >62 years of age with NE using Sawtooth Software. Patients completed baseline questions, the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire‐nocturia Quality of Life (ICIQ‐NqoL), and the conjoint analysis experiment. Hierarchical Bayes random effects regression analysis was used to determine the relative importance of the four attributes.ResultsA total of 200 women with a mean age of 71 years completed the study. The most common management of NE was diapers/pads (132/200). Approximately half of the participants experienced NE several times a week or nightly (101/200). The most important attribute was the frequency of being awakened at night (34, standard deviation [SD]: 16) and the frequency of feeling rested in the morning (32, SD: 15). Limiting drinking before bed (18, SD: 12) and wet groin skin (16, SD: 10) had significantly lower importance scores (p < 0.05). Age, sleeping with a partner in bed, body mass index, NE severity score, and the ICIQ‐NqOL score were not significantly associated with any of the importance scores.ConclusionsOlder women with NE place significantly more importance on the frequency of awakening at night, and feeling rested in the morning and lesser importance on associated lifestyle or physical manifestations of NE.
To support self‐management for people with long‐term conditions – The effect on shared decision‐making, empowerment and coping after participating in group‐learning sessions
Authors: Petersson Christina , Nygårdh Annette , Hedberg Berith 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionInterventions that support patients to handle the emotional and medical aspects of a long‐term health condition is important. One way is to use peer‐support groups, to help patients solving problems, increasing their knowledge and making decisions.Aimwas to investigate the impact on shared decision‐making, empowerment and coping after participation in group‐learning sessions for patients with long‐term conditions (N = 42).DesignAn intervention following a health education programme based on group‐learning sessions was established. Eight different programmes were held in five different departments at a regional county hospital in Sweden.MethodsQuestionnaires were analysed using paired‐sample t‐test.ResultsResults showed that patients might have better opportunities to be more active during their patient encounter after attending the group learning sessions. Interventions directed to patient activation may be one key in future healthcare management, especially concerning long‐term conditions. Empowering patients is central in healthcare, and using different approaches is important.