bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of the environment and indoor residual spraying on malaria risk in a cohort of children in Uganda
Authors: Sadoine Margaux L. , Smargiassi Audrey , Liu Ying , Gachon Philippe , Dueymes Guillaume , Dorsey Grant , Fournier Michel , Nankabirwa Joaniter I. , Rek John , Zinszer Kate 
Published: July 2022

AbstractStudies have estimated the impact of the environment on malaria incidence although few have explored the differential impact due to malaria control interventions. Therefore, the objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of indoor residual spraying (IRS) on the relationship between malaria and environment (i.e. rainfall, temperatures, humidity, and vegetation) using data from a dynamic cohort of children from three sub-counties in Uganda. Environmental variables were extracted from remote sensing sources and averaged over different time periods. General linear mixed models were constructed for each sub-counties based on a log-binomial distribution. The influence of IRS was analysed by comparing marginal effects of environment in models adjusted and unadjusted for IRS. Great regional variability in the shape (linear and non-linear), direction, and magnitude of environmental associations with malaria risk were observed between sub-counties. IRS was significantly associated with malaria risk reduction (risk ratios vary from RR = 0.03, CI 95% [0.03–0.08] to RR = 0.35, CI95% [0.28–0.42]). Model adjustment for this intervention changed the magnitude and/or direction of environment-malaria associations, suggesting an interaction effect. This study evaluated the potential influence of IRS in the malaria-environment association and highlighted the necessity to control for interventions when they are performed to properly estimate the environmental influence on malaria. Local models are more informative to guide intervention program compared to national models.
Spautin-1 inhibits mitochondrial complex I and leads to suppression of the unfolded protein response and cell survival during glucose starvation
Authors: Kunimasa Kazuhiro , Ikeda-Ishikawa Chika , Tani Yuri , Tsukahara Satomi , Sakurai Junko , Okamoto Yuka , Koido Masaru , Dan Shingo , Tomida Akihiro 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe unfolded protein response (UPR) is an adaptive stress response pathway that is essential for cancer cell survival under endoplasmic reticulum stress such as during glucose starvation. In this study, we identified spautin-1, an autophagy inhibitor that suppresses ubiquitin-specific peptidase 10 (USP10) and USP13, as a novel UPR inhibitor under glucose starvation conditions. Spautin-1 prevented the induction of UPR-associated proteins, including glucose-regulated protein 78, activating transcription factor 4, and a splicing variant of x-box-binding protein-1, and showed preferential cytotoxicity in glucose-starved cancer cells. However, USP10 and USP13 silencing and treatment with other autophagy inhibitors failed to result in UPR inhibition and preferential cytotoxicity during glucose starvation. Using transcriptome and chemosensitivity-based COMPARE analyses, we identified a similarity between spautin-1 and mitochondrial complex I inhibitors and found that spautin-1 suppressed the activity of complex I extracted from isolated mitochondria. Our results indicated that spautin-1 may represent an attractive mitochondria-targeted seed compound that inhibits the UPR and cancer cell survival during glucose starvation.
Longitudinal changes in auditory and reward systems following receptive music-based intervention in older adults
Authors: Quinci Milena Aiello , Belden Alexander , Goutama Valerie , Gong Dayang , Hanser Suzanne , Donovan Nancy J. , Geddes Maiya , Loui Psyche 
Published: July 2022

AbstractListening to pleasurable music is known to engage the brain’s reward system. This has motivated many cognitive-behavioral interventions for healthy aging, but little is known about the effects of music-based intervention (MBI) on activity and connectivity of the brain’s auditory and reward systems. Here we show preliminary evidence that brain network connectivity can change after receptive MBI in cognitively unimpaired older adults. Using a combination of whole-brain regression, seed-based connectivity analysis, and representational similarity analysis (RSA), we examined fMRI responses during music listening in older adults before and after an 8-week personalized MBI. Participants rated self-selected and researcher-selected musical excerpts on liking and familiarity. Parametric effects of liking, familiarity, and selection showed simultaneous activation in auditory, reward, and default mode network (DMN) areas. Functional connectivity within and between auditory and reward networks was modulated by participant liking and familiarity ratings. RSA showed significant representations of selection and novelty at both time-points, and an increase in striatal representation of musical stimuli following intervention. An exploratory seed-based connectivity analysis comparing pre- and post-intervention showed significant increase in functional connectivity between auditory regions and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Taken together, results show how regular music listening can provide an auditory channel towards the mPFC, thus offering a potential neural mechanism for MBI supporting healthy aging.
An investigation of gecko attachment on wet and rough substrates leads to the application of surface roughness power spectral density analysis
Authors: Palecek Amanda M. , Garner Austin M. , Klittich Mena R. , Stark Alyssa Y. , Scherger Jacob D. , Bernard Craig , Niewiarowski Peter H. , Dhinojwala Ali 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe roughness and wettability of surfaces exploited by free-ranging geckos can be highly variable and attachment to these substrates is context dependent (e.g., presence or absence of surface water). Although previous studies focus on the effect of these variables on attachment independently, geckos encounter a variety of conditions in their natural environment simultaneously. Here, we measured maximum shear load of geckos in air and when their toes were submerged underwater on substrates that varied in both surface roughness and wettability. Gecko attachment was greater in water than in air on smooth and rough hydrophobic substrates, and attachment to rough hydrophilic substrates did not differ when tested in air or water. Attachment varied considerably with surface roughness and characterization revealed that routine measurements of root mean square height can misrepresent the complexity of roughness, especially when measured with single instruments. We used surface roughness power spectra to characterize substrate surface roughness and examined the relationship between gecko attachment performance across the power spectra. This comparison suggests that roughness wavelengths less than 70 nm predominantly dictate gecko attachment. This study highlights the complexity of attachment in natural conditions and the need for comprehensive surface characterization when studying biological adhesive system performance.
Modeling the impact of indoor relative humidity on the infection risk of five respiratory airborne viruses
Authors: Aganovic Amar , Bi Yang , Cao Guangyu , Kurnitski Jarek , Wargocki Pawel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWith a modified version of the Wells-Riley model, we simulated the size distribution and dynamics of five airborne viruses (measles, influenza, SARS-CoV-2, human rhinovirus, and adenovirus) emitted from a speaking person in a typical residential setting over a relative humidity (RH) range of 20–80% and air temperature of 20–25 °C. Besides the size transformation of virus-containing droplets due to evaporation, respiratory absorption, and then removal by gravitational settling, the modified model also considered the removal mechanism by ventilation. The trend and magnitude of RH impact depended on the respiratory virus. For rhinovirus and adenovirus humidifying the indoor air from 20/30 to 50% will be increasing the relative infection risk, however, this relative infection risk increase will be negligible for rhinovirus and weak for adenovirus. Humidification will have a potential benefit in decreasing the infection risk only for influenza when there is a large infection risk decrease for humidifying from 20 to 50%. Regardless of the dry solution composition, humidification will overall increase the infection risk via long-range airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Compared to humidification at a constant ventilation rate, increasing the ventilation rate to moderate levels 0.5 → 2.0 h−1 will have a more beneficial infection risk decrease for all viruses except for influenza. Increasing the ventilation rate from low values of 0.5 h−1 to higher levels of 6 h−1 will have a dominating effect on reducing the infection risk regardless of virus type.
Roles of IGFBP-3 in cell migration and growth in an endophytic tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell line
Authors: Ng Esther Feng Ying , Kaida Atsushi , Nojima Hitomi , Miura Masahiko 
Published: July 2022

AbstractInsulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) is a member of the IGFBP family that has high affinity for IGFs and functions as either an oncogene or tumor suppressor in various types of cancer. We previously found that IGFBP3 mRNA levels are higher in endophytic-type human tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) that is more invasive and more prone to metastasis than exophytic and superficial types. This finding prompted us to investigate the roles of IGFBP-3 in TSCC using SAS cells, which were originally derived from endophytic-type TSCC. Specifically, we used SAS cells that express a fluorescent ubiquitination-based cell-cycle indicator (Fucci). RNA-sequencing analysis indicated that IGFBP-3 is associated with cell migration and cell growth. In fact, IGFBP-3 knockdown downregulates cell migration and causes cells to arrest in G1. This migratory potential appears to be cell cycle–independent. IGFBP-3 knockdown also reduced levels of secreted IGFBP-3; however, decreased migratory potential was not rescued by exogenous recombinant human IGFBP-3. Furthermore, ERK activity was downregulated by IGFBP-3 depletion, which suggests that MEK/ERK signaling may be involved in IGFBP-3-mediated cell migration. We therefore conclude that intracellular IGFBP-3 enhances cell migration independently of the cell cycle in TSCC with a higher metastatic potential.
Research on Control Method of Waste Heat Utilization System Based on Multi-parameter Coupling
Authors: Xiao Yanjun , Zhang Kun , Zhang Yameng , Zhou Wei , Liu Weiling , Wan Feng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe recovery of low-quality waste heat is a major problem in energy utilization. In order to solve this problem and improve energy utilization, the research group designed a low-quality waste heat power generation device with Roots power machine as the core. However, the device has poor ability to adjust the rotation speed and it is difficult to generate electricity stably. The fundamental reason is that the system has many variables and strong coupling. According to the actual working conditions, the power of the device is 10 kW, and the fluctuation range should be within ± 7%. On the one hand, it can be improved by hardware, on the other hand, the design of software is also very critical. At present, through the investigation of domestic and foreign researches on the control system, it is found that the stability of the system is gradually improved, but the problem of strong coupling between variables has not been effectively solved. Therefore, the research group modeled the variables in the system and obtained a coupled model. Based on the couple model, the research group introduced nonlinear multi-model adaptive closed-loop decoupling control and designed a control system. The simulation results show that the maximum overshoot of the control system is 3.9%, the adjustment time is also reduced, and it is stable in low quality waste heat recovery device. Experimental results show that under the control of the system, the rotational speed of roots motor can keep stable, the maximum deviation is not more than 21.4 r/min, and the fluctuation range is within ± 7%, which meets the requirements of the index. This has laid the foundation for the follow-up research of grid-connected power generation.
Dynamic response of a coal rock caving impact tail beam for hydraulic support
Authors: Zhao Lijuan , Han Liguo , Zhang Haining , Jin Xin , Wu Tiangu , Yang Shijie 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBased on the two-way coupling technology of Discrete Element Method-Multi Flexible Body Dynamics (EDM-FMBD), a virtual caving coal wall is established by using the discrete element software, EDEM. The rigid flexible coupling model of the tail beam of caving supports is established by using multibody dynamics software, RecurDyn. The stiffness of the oil cylinder is calculated by using the solid–liquid spring coupling theory and is replaced by a spring. By simulating the process of a coal rock collapse impacting the tail beam, the dynamic signal from the coal rock collapse impacting the tail beam to crushing in the coal caving stage of the comprehensive caving working face is studied, and the test is carried out underground. The angular acceleration at the hinge point of the tail beam is the largest and shows a variation pattern of "large at both ends and small in the middle". The definition of a "low amplitude band" on the surface of the tail beam is proposed. The force signal at the hinge point of the front link is the strongest and is the best measurement point for the force sensor; the angular acceleration signal at the hinge point of the tail beam is the strongest and it is the best measurement point for the angular acceleration sensor. The results have practical implications for the identification of the coal gangue and the adaptive control of support for integrated top coal mining.
Lipid absorption and overall intestinal lymphatic transport are impaired following partial small bowel resection in mice
Authors: Onufer Emily J. , Czepielewski Rafael S. , Han Yong-Hyun , Courtney Cathleen M. , Sutton Stephanie , Sescleifer Anne , Randolph Gwendalyn J. , Warner Brad W. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractShort bowel syndrome (SBS) is associated with diminished levels of serum fats caused by unknown mechanisms. We have shown that mesenteric lymphatics remodel to a more primitive state one week after small bowel resection (SBR); therefore, this study focuses on the effect of chronic lymphatic remodeling and magnitude of resection on intestinal lipid uptake and transport. C57BL6 and Prox1 creER-Rosa26LSLTdTomato (lymphatic reporter) mice underwent 50% or 75% proximal SBR or sham operations. Functional transport of lipids and fecal fat content was measured and lymphatic vasculature was compared via imaging. There was a significant reduction in functional transport of cholesterol and triglyceride after SBR with increasing loss of bowel, mirrored by a progressive increase in fecal fat content. We also describe significant morphological changes in the lymphatic vasculature in both the lamina propria and mesentery. Intestinal lymphatic drainage assay in vivo demonstrated a marked reduction of systemic absorption after resection. Intestinal lymphatic vessels significantly remodel in the setting of chronic SBS. This remodeling may account at least in part for impaired intestinal uptake and transport of fat via the compromised lymphatic architecture. We believe that these changes may contribute to the development of intestinal failure associated liver disease (IFALD), a major morbidity in patients with SBS.
Metformin use and the risk of total knee replacement among diabetic patients: a propensity-score-matched retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lai Francisco T. T. , Yip Benjamin H. K. , Hunter David J. , Rabago David P. , Mallen Christian D. , Yeoh Eng-Kiong , Wong Samuel Y. S. , Sit Regina WS. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMetformin has been shown to modulate meta-inflammation, an important pathogenesis in knee osteoarthritis (OA). The study aimed to test the association between regular metformin use with total knee replacement (TKR) in patients with diabetes. This is a retrospective study with electronic records retrieved in Hong Kong public primary care. Patients with diabetes aged ≥ 45 who visited during 2007 to 2010, were followed up for a four-year period from 2011 to 2014 to determine the incidence of TKR. Propensity score matching based on age, sex, co-medications and chronic conditions was conducted to adjust for confounding. Cox regression was implemented to examine the association between metformin use and TKR. In total, 196,930 patients were eligible and 93,330 regular metformin users (defined as ≥ 4 prescriptions over the previous year) and non-users were matched. Among 46,665 regular users, 184 TKRs were conducted, 17.1% fewer than that among non-users. Cox regression showed that regular metformin users had a 19%-lower hazard of TKR [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.81, 95% confidence interval: 0.67 to 0.98, P = 0.033], with a dose–response relationship. Findings suggest a potential protective effect of metformin on knee OA progression and later TKR incidence among diabetic patients.
Shortcuts to adiabatic population inversion via time-rescaling: stability and thermodynamic cost
Authors: da Silva Andrade Jair , da Silva França Ângelo F. , de Lima Bernardo Bertúlio 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA shortcut to adiabaticity is concerned with the fast and robust manipulation of the dynamics of a quantum system which reproduces the effect of an adiabatic process. In this work, we use the time-rescaling method to study the problem of speeding up the population inversion of a two-level quantum system, and the fidelity of the fast dynamics versus systematic errors in the control parameters. This approach enables the generation of shortcuts from a prescribed slow dynamics by simply rescaling the time variable of the quantum evolution operator. It requires no knowledge of the eigenvalues and eigenstates of the Hamiltonian and, in principle, no additional coupling fields. From a quantum thermodynamic viewpoint, we also demonstrate that the main properties of the distribution of work required to drive the system along the shortcuts are unchanged with respect to the reference (slow) protocol.
Metastable ferroelectricity driven by depolarization fields in ultrathin Hf0.5Zr0.5O2
Authors: Siannas Nikitas , Zacharaki Christina , Tsipas Polychronis , Chaitoglou Stefanos , Bégon-Lours Laura , Istrate Cosmin , Pintilie Lucian , Dimoulas Athanasios 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAs ferroelectric Hf0.5Zr0.5O2(HZO) thickness scales below 10 nm, the switching characteristics are severely distorted typically showing an antiferroelectric-like behavior (pinched hysteresis) with reduced remanent polarization. Using Landau-Ginsburg-Devonshire (LGD) theory for the analysis of the experimental results, it is shown here that, in thin (5 nm) HZO, depolarization fields drive the system in a stable paraelectric phase coexisting with a metastable ferroelectric one, which explains the pinched hysteresis. This state of matter resembles a first order ferroelectric above the Curie temperature which is known to result in similar double-loop behavior. Here, based on the analysis of experimental data in the framework of LGD theory, it is reported that charge injection and trapping at pre-existing interface defects during field cycling (“wake-up”) screens the depolarization field stabilizing ferroelectricity. It is found in particular that a sufficiently large energy density of interface states is beneficial for the recovery of fully open ferroelectric loops.
A current transformer energy harvester with stable output based on the saturable magnetic core
Authors: Cao Jianan , Jiao Yuanliang , Meng Gefei , Peng Jia , Stassi Stefano , Pirri Fabrizio , Li Yunjia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOne of the major bottlenecks of the traditional current transformer energy harvester (CTEH) is the instable output induced by the wide‐range variations of the current in transmission lines. In this work, a novel CTEH capable of generating a stable output is demonstrated by using a core fabricated with saturable magnetic material. The stable output of the CTEH is enabled by the constant voltage‐time product in its saturable characteristic. The proposed CTEH is implemented with a resistive load representing the load of electronic devices. When the current in the primary side of the CTEH's increases from 1 to 1000 A, the maximum power on the load can reach about 0.5 W, demonstrating the feasibility of using the CTEH with the saturable magnetic core as a quasi‐stable power supply.
Formation of ultrafine grains in magnesium alloy during dynamic extrusion at room temperature
Authors: Wang Tao , Zhu Yikun , Xie Jinhong , Zhao Feng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMagnesium alloy is a class of lightweight structural materials with promise for many applications. Here, the authors report a significant grain refinement, high deformation twin density and obvious nanograined structures in magnesium alloy through a novel high strain rate plastic deformation method—dynamic extrusion. By using finite element simulation and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the authors find that the stain rate during plastic deformation affects the microstructure evolution process, which results in the dynamic deformation mechanisms transition. The results are of interests not only for understanding the deformation mechanisms under dynamic plastic deformation but also for nanostructures formation of the magnesium alloy.
Welche Vorteile bieten die Zucker Galactose und Tagatose?
Authors: Coy Johannes 
Published: July 2022

SummaryZucker wird als ungesundes Lebensmittel angesehen, das es zu meiden gilt. Ob und welcher Zucker schlecht oder gut ist, hängt von der konsumierten Menge, aber auch von seinen Eigenschaften und seiner Wirkung auf den menschlichen Stoffwechsel ab.
Gezielt vorgehen
Authors: Richter Michaela 
Published: July 2022

SummaryOb in der Drogerie oder in der Apotheke: Die Fülle von Nahrungsergänzungsmitteln ist enorm. Hinzu kommen neu erscheinende Studien sowie zahlreiche Werbebotschaften. Dadurch ist es oft schwierig, den Überblick über relevante Mittel und ihre validen Anwendungsmöglichkeiten zu behalten. Im Gespräch mit Dr. med. Volker Schmiedel erfahren wir mehr über verschiedene Zusammenhänge und sinnvolle sowie womöglich weniger sinnvolle Anwendungen von Nahrungsergänzungsmitteln.
Statement of the DGGG – Recommendations on the Care and Support of Female Minors Suspected of Having Been Subjected to Acute Sexual Violence or Rape
Authors: Balint Nicole , David Matthias , Fegert Jörg M. , Fryszer Lina Ana , Helling-Bakki Astrid , Herrmann Bernd , Hirchenhain Christine , Schmidt Ulrike , Winter Sibylle Maria 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungZiele Die vorgelegten Empfehlungen sollen zur weiteren Verbesserung und Standardisierung der ärztlichen Versorgung von Betroffenen sexualisierter Gewalt, insbes. von einer Vergewaltigung betroffenen weiblichen Minderjährigen in Deutschland beitragen. Sie wendet sich vor allem an Frauenärztinnen und Frauenärzte in der Klinik und in der Niederlassung und ergänzt die umfangreiche Kinderschutzleitlinie der Bundesrepublik Deutschland.Methoden Unter Einbeziehung der Ergebnisse einer umfassenden selektiven Literaturrecherche wurden von einer interdisziplinär besetzten Gruppe von Expertinnen und Experten in einem 3-stufigen Verfahren im Auftrag des Vorstands der DGGG diese Empfehlungen erarbeitet und im Konsens verabschiedet.Zusammenfassung Diese DGGG-Stellungnahme ist entsprechend dem Alter der Betroffenen (ca. 14 bis 17 Jahre/pubertär; 0 bis ca. 13 Jahre/präpubertär) zweigeteilt. Dies hat medizinische, strukturelle und forensische Gründe. Es werden zahlreiche Empfehlungen zum Umgang mit den mutmaßlich von akuter sexualisierter Gewalt bzw. einer Vergewaltigung betroffenen Minderjährigen, zur Erstversorgung, zu Versorgungsformen (z. B. Vertrauliche Spurensicherung), zur Anamneseerhebung, zur medizinisch-forensischen Untersuchung, zur medizinischen, psychischen und psychosozialen Versorgung sowie zur Nachbetreuung gegeben.