bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of implementing a preventive urinary catheter care bundle in hip fracture patients
Authors: Frödin Maria , Ahlstrom Linda , Gillespie Brigid M. , Rogmark Cecilia , Nellgård Bengt , Wikström Ewa , Erichsen Andersson Annette 
Published: February 2022

Background Urinary catheter (UC)–associated infections are one of the most common preventable healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and they frequently occur in older, frail populations. Aim The study aim was to describe the incidence of UC-associated infection in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery after implementing a preventive care bundle. Methods A longitudinal prospective study using a before-and-after design. The bundle was theory driven and involved the co-creation of a standard operational procedure, education and practical training sessions. Prospectively collected registry data were analysed. Univariable statistics and multivariable logistic regressions were used for analyses. Results 2,408 patients with an acute hip fracture were included into the study. There was an overall reduction in UC catheter associated-associated urinary tract infections, from 18.5% ( n = 75/406) over time to 4.2% ( n = 27/647). When adjusting for all identified confounders, patients in phase 4 were 74% less likely to contract an UC-associated infection (OR, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.15–0.45, p < 0.0001). Discussion Bundled interventions can reduce UC-associated infections substantially, even in elderly frail patients. Partnership and co-creation as implementation strategies appear to be promising in the fight against HAI.
Durable outcomes of double cord blood transplantation in adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: high-risk features for early and long-term mortality
Authors: Yoon Jae-Ho , Min Gi June , Park Sung-Soo , Park Silvia , Lee Sung-Eun , Cho Byung-Sik , Eom Ki-Seong , Kim Yoo-Jin , Kim Hee-Je , Min Chang-Ki , Cho Seok-Goo , Lee Jong Wook , Lee Seok 
Published: February 2022

Background: Cord blood transplantation (CBT) has been reported as an acceptable option with comparable outcomes to conventional donors in adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We aimed to analyze the long-term CBT outcomes and risk factors for early and long-term mortalities. Methods: Between 2006 and 2020, 112 patients (median age: 35 years; 62 Ph-negative ALL and 50 Ph-positive ALL) were treated with double CBT. Conditioning regimen consisted of total body irradiation (12 Gy) plus cytarabine (9.0 g/m2) plus fludarabine (150 mg/ m2), and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis was attempted by administering tacrolimus plus mycophenolate mofetil. Results: The median time for neutrophil and platelet recovery was 25 days (range: 5–59 days) and 34 days (range: 7–185 days), respectively. The cumulative incidence of acute GVHD at 1 year was 43.8%, and the incidence of acute GVHD with grades III–IV was 8.9%. The overall cumulative incidence of chronic GVHD was 22.0%, and the incidence of moderate to severe chronic GVHD was 8.5%. After a median follow-up of 60.1 months (range: 5.7–181.3 months), the 5-year cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) and nonrelapse mortality (NRM) were 15.9% and 28.5% (9.7% and 27.2% for CR1), respectively, and the 5-year overall survival (OS) was 57.9% (66.5% for CR1). In multivariate analysis of 88 patients receiving double CBT in CR1, delayed CR1 was related to high CIR, and age older than 40 years was associated with high NRM and early mortality. Unexpectedly, Ph-positive ALL with MRD had a higher NRM and early mortality than Ph-negative ALL and Ph-positive ALL without MRD subgroups, possibly due to delayed neutrophil and platelet recovery. Conclusion: Our data suggest that double CBT for adult ALL in CR1 has a greater benefit in younger patients and in patients with Ph-positive ALL without MRD or Ph-negative ALL.
A thrombopoietin receptor agonist to rescue an unusual platelet transfusion-induced reaction in a p.V1316M-associated von Willebrand disease type 2B patient
Authors: Casari Caterina , Favier Remi , Legendre Paulette , Kauskot Alexandre , Adam Frederic , Picard Veronique , Lenting Peter J. , Denis Cecile V. , Proulle Valerie 
Published: February 2022

This report describes the first case of splenic injury in a patient with p.V1316M-associated von Willebrand disease type 2B (VWD2B) with chronic thrombocytopenia, successfully treated with nonoperative management including von Willebrand factor (VWF) replacement therapy, and platelet transfusions relayed by a thrombopoietin receptor agonist (TPO-RA, Eltrombopag). Eltrombopag was initially introduced to rescue an unusual post-platelet-transfusion reaction exacerbating the thrombocytopenia. In-depth analysis of the dramatic platelet count drop and VWF measurements timeline ruled out an allo-immune reaction and supported an alternative hypothesis of a sudden platelet clearance as a consequence of stress-induced release of abnormal VWF. One year later, a second life-threatening bleeding episode required urgent surgery successfully managed with VWF replacement therapy and platelet transfusions. Eltrombopag was further introduced in the post-surgery period to allow bleeding-free and platelet-transfusion-free successful recovery. Treatment decisions are particularly challenging in patients with VWD2B, and this case highlights how such decisions can benefit from understanding the molecular origin of platelet count fluctuations observed in these patients. Here, we successfully used a new therapeutic approach combining VWF-replacement therapy and initial platelet-transfusion relayed by TPO-RA to optimize patient management. Plain language summary A combination of von Willebrand factor replacement and thrombopoietin receptor agonist in thrombocytopenic patients with von Willebrand disease type 2B: a new therapy approach to optimize patient management? Therapeutic management of patients with von Willebrand disease type 2B are particularly challenging in case of severe thrombocytopenia. Treatment includes von Willebrands factor replacement therapy and iterative platelet transfusions. We describe the first case of splenic injury in a patient with p.V1316M-associated von Willebrand disease type 2B successfully treated with nonoperative management including von Willebrand factor replacement therapy and platelet transfusions relayed by a thrombopoietin receptor agonist. We showed that the unusual post-platelet-transfusion reaction associated with a dramatic platelet count drop was a consequence of stress-induced release of abnormal von Willebrand factor. The combination of von Willebrand factor replacement therapy and thrombopoietin receptor agonist may offer a new therapeutic approach to optimize patient management.
Psychometric properties of Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test screening tool among medical outpatients in Dilla University Referral Hospital, southern Ethiopia, 2020
Authors: Habtamu Endashaw , Madoro Derebe 
Published: February 2022

Objective: A quick, efficient, and flexible screening tool is essential for identifying alcohol use disorder in a busy clinical context. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test is the most widely used and validated screening tool in the outpatient context. The psychometric features of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test have yet to be confirmed for Ethiopians. As a result, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test screening tool’s reliability and validity among medically ill patients in Ethiopia. Method: A total of 325 patients who visited the internal medicine outpatient department were included in this study. To diagnose alcohol use disorder based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.), the psychometric features of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test were compared to the gold standard of Mini International Neuropsychiatry Interview. The reliability was determined by examining internal consistency. The receiver operating characteristic curve was established to calculate sensitivity and specificity of the screening tool. Construct validity was determined using confirmatory factor analysis. Result: The translated version of Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test showed language clarity. Internal consistency was excellent (Cronbach’s α = 0.9). The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test provides an excellent receiver operating curve with cut-off point ⩾8 for females (sensitivity = 0.92, specificity = 0.87, positive predictive value = 70.2, negative predictive value = 96.9, likelihood ratio+ = 7.16, and likelihood ratio− = 0.1) and ⩾10 for males (sensitivity = 0.91, specificity = 0.84, positive predictive value = 72.6%, negative predictive value = 95.3%, likelihood ratio+ = 5.57, and likelihood ratio− = 0.10). Confirmatory factor analysis yielded good model fit indices for the two- and three-factor models, with the two-factor model outperforming the others. Conclusion: The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test has been proven to be a reliable tool for detecting alcohol use in gedofa-speaking medical outpatients.
The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on acute urology admissions in a busy district general hospital in the United Kingdom
Authors: Bheenick Divya , Young Matthew J , Elmussareh Muhammad , Ali Ased 
Published: February 2022

Objective: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had unprecedented effects on the healthcare system in the United Kingdom. The pandemic has impacted every service within secondary care, including urology. Our objective is to determine how COVID-19 has influenced acute urology admissions in a busy district general hospital in the United Kingdom. Patient and methods: Retrospective data of patients presenting acutely to the urology department were collected between 13 January to 22 March 2020 (pre-lockdown period) and 23 March to 31 May 2020 (lockdown period). The nature of referrals, types of admission encountered and management required in accordance with the new set of protocols established during the lockdown period were analysed and compared to the same data prior to UK lockdown. Results: Overall, 1092 patients were included in the study. An overall reduction of 32.5% was seen in the total number of admissions. A marked decrease was seen in non-urological pathology as compared to other categories. Urolithiasis showed the highest proportional increase. Treatment varied proportionately to the diagnosis, with conservative management accounting for the most likely treatment during lockdown. However, the proportion of patients requiring interventions during the lockdown period increased overall. No comparative differences were observed during the two periods in terms of source of referral, length of stay and patient age. Conclusion: The admission rate showed a decrease, with no significant difference in the nature and timing of presentation. Our department was able to continue providing effective management to patients presenting acutely during the COVID-19 outbreak.
Sex differences in the efficacy of omalizumab in the treatment of chronic spontaneous urticaria
Authors: Sirufo Maria Maddalena , Bassino Enrica Maria , De Pietro Francesca , Ginaldi Lia , De Martinis Massimo 
Published: February 2022

Background Omalizumab is shown to be effective in the treatment of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), a disease with high personal and social impact. Sex differences in CSU are recognized with women more frequently affected. Scarce is the knowledge about response to omalizumab between sex groups. We sought to identify any differences based on the sex of patients receiving omalizumab. Methods We evaluated data of patients diagnosed with CSU refractory to high-dose second-generation H1 antihistamines and treated with 300 mg omalizumab every 4 weeks for 6 months and then at relapse. Results Discussion: All patients, regardless of sex, age, or any other factor, achieved the clinical remission of the disease after the first 3 doses with a reduction of the disease activity indices and impact on the quality of life. Recurrences predominate in men, two months after the suspension of the drug. Respect to sex and recurrence we did not find any correlation with age, body mass index, peripheral eosinophil counts, total IgE levels, D-dimer, plasma prothrombine level or C-reactive protein. We found no sex differences in tolerability and safety. CSU in girls may persist longer and have worse prognosis, but no one has so far noted sex differences in response to omalizumab. Conclusions Although there are no certainties on the mechanism of action of omalizumab in CSU, the noticeable difference in response between males and females lead us to suppose a role of the hormonal balance both on the pathogenesis of the CSU and on the efficacy of OmAb.
Balanced Funds in India Amid COVID-19 Crisis: Spreader of Financial Contagion?
Authors: Malhotra Priya , Sinha Pankaj 
Published: February 2022

In its latest financial stability report, dated 11 January 2021, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) emphasised the significance of balanced mutual funds in risk transmission. We investigate the transmission of volatility and contagion effect from Indian balanced funds to representative indices—Bank, PSU Bank, Private Bank, Financial Services, Broader Market, Services Sector and Fixed Income—using three established models: Diagonal BEKK (1995), Dynamic Conditional Correlation (DCC GARCH (2002)) and network model. In analyses of financial time series data, the COVID-19 pandemic has been widely regarded as a structural break. We may better understand the dynamism and scale of spillover before and during a crisis by dividing the study into two periods: pre-COVID-19 (January 2011–29 December 2019) and during COVID-19 (30 December 2019–20 April 2021). The results of all three models support our hypothesis of statistically significant spillover from balanced funds to chosen indices, with strong persistence and a marked increase in long-term volatility spillover, showing the presence of contagion effects. The findings of this paper can assist fund managers in diversifying their portfolios while also benefiting investors educationally. JEL Classification: C23, G12, G23
Veterans Health Administration Staff Perceptions of Overseeing Care in Community Nursing Homes During COVID-19
Authors: Haverhals Leah M. , Magid Kate H. , Blanchard Kelly N. , Levy Cari R. 
Published: February 2022

Introduction The Veterans Health Administration (VA) contracts with non-VA owned and operated community nursing homes (CNHs) to provide Veterans nursing home care. This study explored VA staffs’ experiences coordinating care with CNH staff during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Qualitative study interviewing VA staff overseeing and coordinating care for CNH Veterans. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using inductive and deductive thematic analysis. Results Three themes influenced care coordination. (1) Pre-established working relationships strengthened trust in CNH staff and remote access to CNH electronic medical records (EMRs). (2) Remote oversight proved challenging as virtual visits did not fully capture Veterans’ needs and Veterans experienced challenges due to cognitive status, hearing impairment, and discomfort with technology. (3) Partnerships strengthened as VA staff provided CNHs personal protective equipment, COVID-19 testing, infection control education, and emotional support. Discussion Despite pre-existing relationships and improved partnerships, most VA staff felt uncertain about the quality of oversight provided through remote monitoring and preferred in-person interactions. However, they found benefit in remote access to CNH EMRs and shared optimism with expanding virtual care. Conclusions Fostering strong partnerships between VAs and CNHs improve care coordination during crises like the COVID-19 pandemic and for daily care.
Reflections of family caregivers and health professionals on the everyday challenges of caring for persons with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and cognitive impairments: a qualitative study
Authors: Olesen Lene Klem , Cour Karen la , With Heidi , Handberg Charlotte 
Published: February 2022

Aims and objectives: To explore reflections of family caregivers and health professionals regarding the challenges involved in caring for persons with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and cognitive and/or behavioral impairments (PALS/CIs). Background: Family caregivers of PALS/CIs are highly burdened and at great risk of psychological sequela. Professionals working with these families can be negatively affected on their well-being and are at risk of burnout. Design: The design was a qualitative interview study. Methods: One focus group and 10 individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven family caregivers and nine professionals after the death of a PALS/CIs. The analysis was guided by the interpretive description methodology and the theory of sense of coherence. This study adheres to the COREQ guidelines and the ICMJE recommendations. Results: The family caregivers’ challenges regarding coping with everyday needs related to the sick person were associated with ‘Accepting that nothing else matters’, ‘Adjusting to new roles while balancing’, and ‘Realizing different values in relationships’; whereas the professionals’ challenges were related to ‘Collaboration a balancing act’, ‘Working in a home of sorrow’, and ‘Coordinating threads to tie’. Conclusion: Family caregivers found coping with the complexity of the diseases a challenge, and their everyday life needed constant adjustment to new roles, coping with inappropriate behavior, and navigating through the progression of the diseases of their sick relatives while collaborating with numerous professionals. The professionals struggled with coordinating and collaborating with the families and with other colleagues due to the severeness and complexity of diseases. Relevance to clinical practice: Findings point to the importance of relationships for caregivers and professionals and a need to provide support through an online palliative rehabilitation program that encompass coping strategies in relation to the diseases. Trial registration details: Id no. NCT 04638608.
Primary plasma cell leukemias displaying t(11;14) have specific genomic, transcriptional, and clinical features
Authors: Cazaubiel Titouan , Leleu Xavier , Perrot Aurore , Manier Salomon , Buisson Laure , Maheo Sabrina , Do Souto Ferreira Laura , Lannes Romain , Pavageau Luka , Hulin Cyrille , Marolleau Jean-Pierre , Voillat Laurent , Belhadj Karim , Divoux Marion , Slama Borhane , Brechignac Sabine , Macro Margaret , Stoppa Anne-Marie , Sanhes Laurence , Orsini-Piocelle Frédérique , Fontan Jean , Chretien Marie-Lorraine , Demarquette Hélène , Mohty Mohamad , Schavgoulidze Anais , Avet-Loiseau Herve , Corre Jill 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Primary plasma cell leukemia (pPCL) is an aggressive form of multiple myeloma (MM) that has not benefited from recent therapeutic advances in the field. Because it is very rare and heterogeneous, it remains poorly understood at the molecular level. To address this issue, we performed DNA and RNA sequencing of sorted plasma cells from a large cohort of 90 newly diagnosed pPCL and compared with MM. We observed that pPCL presents a specific genomic landscape with a high prevalence of t(11;14) (about half) and high-risk genomic features such as del(17p), gain 1q, and del(1p32). In addition, pPCL displays a specific transcriptome when compared with MM. We then wanted to characterize specifically pPCL with t(11;14). We observed that this subentity displayed significantly fewer adverse cytogenetic abnormalities. This translated into better overall survival when compared with pPCL without t(11;14) (39.2 months vs 17.9 months, P = .002). Finally, pPCL with t(11;14) displayed a specific transcriptome, including differential expression of BCL2 family members. This study is the largest series of patients with pPCL reported so far.
Unfavorable genetic correlations between fecal egg count and milk production traits in the French blond-faced Manech dairy sheep breed
Authors: Aguerre Sophie , Astruc Jean-Michel , Legarra Andrés , Bordes Léa , Prevot Françoise , Grisez Christelle , Vial Novella Corinne , Fidelle Francis , Jacquiet Philippe , Moreno-Romieux Carole 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Genetic selection has proven to be a successful strategy for the sustainable control of gastrointestinal parasitism in sheep. However, little is known on the relationship between resistance to parasites and production traits in dairy breeds. In this study, we estimated the heritabilities and genetic correlations for resistance to parasites and milk production traits in the blond-faced Manech breed. The resistance to parasites of 951 rams from the selection scheme was measured through fecal egg counts (FEC) at 30 days post-infection under experimental conditions. Six milk production traits [milk yield (MY), fat yield (FY), protein yield (PY), fat content (FC), protein content (PC) and somatic cell score (LSCS)], were used in this study and were collected on 140,127 dairy ewes in first lactation, as part of the official milk recording. These ewes were related to the 951 rams (65% of the ewes were daughters of the rams).

Results
Fecal egg counts at the end of the first and second infections were moderately heritable (0.19 and 0.37, respectively) and highly correlated (0.93). Heritabilities were moderate for milk yields (ranging from 0.24 to 0.29 for MY, FY and PY) and high for FC (0.35) and PC (0.48). MY was negatively correlated with FC and PC (− 0.39 and − 0.45, respectively). FEC at the end of the second infection were positively correlated with MY, FY and PY (0.28, 0.29 and 0.24, respectively with standard errors of ~ 0.10). These slightly unfavorable correlations indicate that the animals with a high production potential are genetically more susceptible to gastrointestinal parasite infections. A low negative correlation (− 0.17) was also found between FEC after the second infection and LSCS, which suggests that there is a small genetic antagonism between resistance to gastrointestinal parasites and resistance to mastitis, which is another important health trait in dairy sheep.

Conclusions
Our results indicate an unfavorable but low genetic relationship between resistance to gastrointestinal parasites and milk production traits in the blond-faced Manech breed. These results will help the breeders’ association make decisions about how to include resistance to parasites in the selection objective.