bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of volatiles in highly explosive basaltic eruptions
Authors: La Spina Giuseppe , Arzilli Fabio , Burton Mike R. , Polacci Margherita , Clarke Amanda B. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWater and carbon dioxide are the most abundant volatile components in terrestrial magmas. As they exsolve into magmatic vapour, they promote magma buoyancy, accelerating ascent and modulating eruptive dynamics. It is commonly thought that an increase in pre-eruptive volatile content produces an increase in eruption intensity. Using a conduit model for basaltic eruptions, covering the upper 6 km of conduit, we show that for the same chamber conditions mass eruption rate is not affected by CO2 content, whereas an increase in H2O up to 10 wt.% produces an increase in eruption rate of an order of magnitude. It is only when CO2 is injected in the magma reservoir from an external source that the resulting pressurisation will generate a strong increase in eruption rate. Results also show that ascent velocity and fragmentation depth are strongly affected by pre-eruptive volatile contents demonstrating a link between volatile content and eruptive style.
An adaptive cubature Kalman filtering algorithm based on variational mode decomposition for pulsar navigation
Authors: Yang Jiahui , Gao Shesheng , Li Guo , Gao Zhaohui 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAiming at the problem of X‐ray pulsar navigation system with uncertain measurement noise, an adaptive cubature Kalman filter (CKF) algorithm is proposed based on variational mode decomposition (VMD). Firstly, the multi‐step measurements are predicted by CKF to extend the measurement sequence. Then, the high‐frequency noise, which is separated from the extended measurement sequence by VMD, is used to reconstruct the measurement noise. Finally, the measurement noise covariance is estimated based on the reconstructed measurement noise to update the CKF parameters. The simulation results show that the proposed method can adaptively track the change of measurement noise and improve the positioning accuracy of X‐ray pulsars navigation system (XPNAV).
A regularized method of fundamental solution for solving the 2D PEC cylinder electromagnetic scattering problem
Authors: Yan Tingting , Hu ShengBo , Ye Lv , Zhao WenHao , Meng Xin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this letter, using subtraction and adding‐back (SAB), the authors propose a regularized method of fundamental solution (RMPS) for solving the electromagnetic (EM) scattering problem of 2D perfect electric conductor (PEC) cylinder. The proposed RMPS avoids the problem of choosing the auxiliary boundary in the method of fundamental solution. Two numerical examples are given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method after comparing with the result of method of fundamental solution. In addition, the results show that the proposed method has a better stability performance than the method of fundamental solution.
ECCNet: Efficient chained centre network for real‐time multi‐category vehicle tracking and vehicle speed estimation
Authors: Yu Chaoshun , Yang Jianxi , Jiang Shixin , Zhang Yufan , Li Hao , Du Lifang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTo achieve the intelligent perception of traffic video and overcome the dispersion of computing modules and the separation processing of multiple tasks, efficient chained centre network (ECCNet) is proposed as a unified framework, accomplishing detection, vehicle classification, tracking, and vehicle speed estimation simultaneously. First, for the speed‐accuracy trade‐off, CA‐CenterNet is presented, which can detect vehicles and classify vehicle types to serve cross‐frame tasks more accurately by embedding coordinate attention. Second, 3D convolution is employed to construct a self‐adaptive branch for data association and speed estimation, respectively. This self‐adaptive approach leverages the power of deep learning to enhance tracking performance and avoid camera calibration via capturing motion information across frames. Moreover, a chained structure is adopted to reuse the backbone feature map. The spatio‐temporal information of adjacent frames can be extracted at almost no additional cost. Finally, the above single‐frame and cross‐frame tasks are integrated into a unified multi‐task collaborative optimization model. The effectiveness of ECCNet is verified with experiments on the UA‐DETRAC dataset. ECCNet achieves 55.5% MOTA, 0.76 F1 value, and 3.10 MAE with an inference speed of 32.5 Hz in the tracking, classification, and speed estimation tasks, respectively.
Fingergrundgelenk und mittleres Fingergelenk
Authors: Corts Magga 
Published: July 2022

SummaryDas Fingergrundgelenk und das mittlere Fingergelenk liegen in direkter Nachbarschaft eines jeden Fingers. Zusammen mit dem Fingerendgelenk (distales Interphalangealgelenk) bilden sie ein Team, um die Fingerbewegung möglich zu machen. Insbesondere die kraftvolle Flexionsbewegung der Finger erfordert ihr Zusammenspiel.
Vorbeugen ist besser als behandeln
Authors: Wagener Michael 
Published: July 2022

SummaryIm Fokus der orthomolekularen Medizin steht die individuelle bedarfsgerechte Versorgung mit lebensnotwendigen Mikronährstoffen. Messungen im Serum erlauben bei einigen Nährstoffen nicht notwendigerweise exakte Rückschlüsse auf die tatsächlich vorliegende Versorgungssituation im Körper. Häufig müssen mehrere Mikronährstoffe gleichzeitig verordnet werden. Sinnvolle Kombinationen von Mikronährstoffen fördern die Compliance.
Mit Nährstoffen Stimmung machen
Authors: Binder Sybille 
Published: July 2022

SummaryMikronährstoff- und Ernährungsdefizite können wesentlich an psychischen Beeinträchtigungen beteiligt sein, da sich viele Mikronährstoffe auf die zentralen Nervenfunktionen auswirken oder direkt an der Synthese von Neurotransmittern beteiligt sind; auch allergene Nahrung wirkt nach den Modellen der Gut-Brain-Achse, des 3-Stadien-Anpassungssyndroms und der zerebralen Allergie auf die Psyche. Zu den wichtigsten psychotropen Nährstoffen zählen B-Vitamine, Vitamin D, Magnesium, Zink und Aminosäuren wie 5 HTP, Tryptophan, Methionin, Phenylalanin, Tyrosin oder Glutamin. Im vorgestellten Fall gingen Schlafstörungen, Unruhe und Darmbeschwerden nach Ernährungsumstellung und Supplementierung von B-Vitaminen, Magnesium, Kalzium, Antioxidanzien und Aminosäuren innerhalb
Gemeinsamer Nenner, individueller Ansatz
Authors: Kupferschmid Jürgen 
Published: July 2022

SummaryMehrere Hundert Erkrankungen zählen zum rheumatischen Formenkreis. Einen gemeinsamen Nenner zu finden, fällt schwer. Während die Ursachen nur individuell herausgefunden werden können, gibt es bei der Behandlung außerhalb eines akuten Rheumaschubs einen verbindenden methodischen Ansatz – die orthomolekulare Medizin. Erfahrene Praktiker berichten von Erfolgen, die sich bei einer langfristigen bedarfsgerechten Versorgung mit Mikronährstoffen einstellen.
Effects of Gancao Nourish-Yin Decoction on Liver Metabolic Profiles in hTNF-α Transgenic Arthritic Model Mice
Authors: Pan Rongbin , Cheng Kok Suen , Chen Yanjuan , Zhu Xingwang , Zhao Wenting , Xiao Changhong , Chen Yong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective Gancao Nourish-Yin Decoction (GNYD) has been applied to clinical rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, and it had shown effectiveness not only in disease activity controlling but also in improving patients' physical status. However, its mechanism of function has not been investigated. Metabolic perturbations have been associated with RA, and targeting the metabolic profile is one of the ways to manage the disease. The aim of this study is to observe the effect of GNYD on metabolic changes of human tumor necrosis factor α (hTNF-α) transgenic arthritic model mice.
Methods hTNF-α transgenic arthritic model mice were divided into the control group and the GNYD group with six mice in each group. After 8 weeks of treatment, liver tissues of mice in both groups were obtained for liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Significantly regulated metabolites by GNYD treatment were first identified, followed by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway and network analysis.
Results A total of 126 metabolites were detected in the liver. Compared with the control group, 17 metabolites in the GNYD group were significantly altered. Specifically, thiamine, gamma-L-glutamyl-L-valine, pantothenic acid, pyridoxal (vitamin B6), succinic acid, uridine 5′-diphospho-glucuronic acid, uridine, allantoic acid, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, nicotinamide ribotide, and N2, N2-dimethylguanosine were down-regulated by GNYD treatment, whereas isobutyrylglycine, N-acetylcadaverine, N-carbamoyl-L-aspartic acid, L-anserine, creatinine, and cis-4-hydroxy-D-proline were up-regulated. Six metabolic pathways were significantly altered including the alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism; pyrimidine metabolism; thiamine metabolism; amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism; pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis; and citrate cycle. Integrative metabolic network analysis suggested the possibility of GNYD having both positive and negative effects on RA through the suppression of angiogenesis and the promotion of leukocyte extravasation into the synovium, respectively.
Conclusions GNYD can modulate the hepatic metabolism of hTNF-α transgenic arthritic model mice. Further optimization of this decoction may lead to better therapeutic effects on RA patients.
Comparison of Arthroscopic versus Open Placement of the Fibular Tunnel in Posterolateral Corner Reconstruction
Authors: Krause Matthias , Weiss Sebastian , Kolb Jan Philipp , Schwartzkopf Ben , Frings Jannik , Püschel Klaus , Cavaignac Etienne , Sonnery-Cottet Bertrand , Frosch Karl-Heinz 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction Precise fibular tunnel placement in posterolateral corner (PLC) reconstruction is crucial in restoring rotational and lateral stability. Despite the recent progress of arthroscopic PLC reconstruction techniques, landmarks for arthroscopic fibular tunnel placement and a comparison to open tunnel placement have not yet been described. This study aimed to (1) identify reasonable soft-tissue and bony landmarks, which can be identified by either arthroscopy, fluoroscopy, or open surgery in anatomic fibular tunnel placement and (2) to compare accuracy and reliability of arthroscopic fibular tunnel placement with open surgery.
Materials and Methods In a retrospective study, 41 magnetic resonance images (MRIs) of the knee were analyzed with emphasis on distances of an ideal anatomic fibular tunnel to 11 soft-tissue and bony landmarks. Subsequently, in eight cadaver knees, the ideal fibular tunnel was created arthroscopically and with a standard open technique from antero-latero-inferior to postero-medio-superior with a 2-mm K-wire. Positions of both tunnels were compared on postinterventional computed tomography scans.
Results Based on MRI measurements, the anatomic tunnel entry should be 14.50 (±2.18) mm distal to the tip of the fibular styloid and 10.76 (±1.37) mm posterior to the anterior edge of the fibula. The anatomic fibular tunnel exit was located 12.89 (±2.35) mm below the tip of the fibular head. Arthroscopic fibular tunnel placement was reliable in all cases. Instead, in five out of the eight cases with open surgery, the fibular tunnel crossed the defined safety distance to the closest cortical edge/tibiofibular joint (distance < 8 mm).
Conclusions Reliable soft-tissue and bony landmarks of the fibular head allow arthroscopic anatomic fibular tunnel placement in PLC surgery, which shows a lower risk of tunnel malposition compared with open surgical techniques. Future studies will have to show whether clinical results of arthroscopic PLC reconstruction are in line with this study's technical results.
Level of Evidence Level III.
Rates of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rerupture in Adolescent Patients with and without Patella Alta
Authors: Rider Danielle , Gowd Anirudh K. , Torres LeeAnne F. , Kaplin Lisa W. , Waterman Brian R. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe objective of this study was to compare rates of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) failure among adolescent patients to evaluate patella alta as a high-risk variable. Demographic and surgical data were retrospectively queried for patients ≤18 years of age with primary ACL reconstruction performed at a single academic center between 2011 and 2016 and minimum of 2-year clinical surveillance. Patellar height indices, including Caton–Deschamps index (CDI) and Insall–Salvati index (ISI), were retrospectively calculated from preoperative imaging to assess the presence of patella alta. Failure was defined as (1) ACL graft rerupture, (2) Lachman's grade 2 + , (3) presence of pivot shift, and (4) side-to-side difference of 3 mm on KT-1000 arthrometer. A total of 184 patients (84 females and 100 males) and 192 knees were identified, with an average age of 16.2 ± 1.8 years. Of these, 30 (15.63%) experienced ACL failure. Male sex was the only significant risk factor for rerupture (p = 0.026). The mean CDI was 1.06 ± 0.17 and mean ISI was 1.04 ± 0.15. Of the 49 knees that met criteria for patella alta on radiographic evaluation, rerupture occurred in seven (14.29%). Patella alta was not a significant risk factor for ACL failure among adolescent patients (p = 0.359 and 0.277). Only male sex was associated with increased rates of ACL failure. Age, graft selection technique, fixation construct, and presence of patella alta were not risk factors for reinjury. This study is a therapeutic case series and reflects level of evidence IV.
Reintroducing Flap Reconstruction: One Institution's Safe Return to Flap Surgery during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Cooney Carisa M. , Broderick Kristen P. , Chen Jonlin , Chow Amanda , Lee Erica , Wesson Tristan , Karius Alexander , Wallam Sara , Generoso Matthew , Fadavi Darya , He Waverley , Yesantharao Pooja , Long Chao 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background Prevention of nosocomial coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection for patients undergoing flap-based reconstructive surgery is crucial to providing care and maintaining operative volume and income to support plastic surgery programs. We conducted this study to (1) determine the postoperative incidence of COVID-19 among patients undergoing flap reconstruction from December 1, 2019 to November 1, 2020 and (2) compare 30-day outcomes between patients who underwent surgery before and during the early pandemic.
Methods We conducted an 11-month retrospective cohort study of all patients who underwent flap reconstruction across our institution. We abstracted patient demographics, intraoperative management, COVID-19 testing history, and 30-day postoperative complications from electronic health records. Nosocomial COVID-19 infection was defined as reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) viral ribonucleic acid detection within 30 days of patients' postoperative course or during initial surgical admission. We used chi-squared tests to compare postoperative outcomes between patients who underwent surgery before (prior to March 12, 2021, when our institution admitted its first COVID-19 patient) versus during (on/after March 12, 2021) the pandemic.
Results Among the 220 patients (mean [standard deviation] age = 53.8 [18.1] years; female = 54.8%) who underwent flap reconstruction, none had nosocomial COVID-19 infection. Five (2%) patients eventually tested COVID-19 positive (median time from surgery to diagnosis: 9 months, range: 1.5–11 months) with one developing partial flap loss while infected. Between patients who underwent free flap surgery before and during the pandemic, there were no significant differences in 30-day takebacks (15.6% vs. 16.6%, respectively; p > 0.999), readmissions (9.4% vs. 12.6%, respectively; p = 0.53), and surgical complications (e.g., total flap loss 1.6% vs. 2.1%, p = 0.81).
Conclusion Robust precautions can ensure the safety of patients undergoing flap surgeries across an academic medical institution, even during periods of high COVID-19 admission rates. Further studies are needed to generate evidence-based guidelines that optimize infection control and flap survival for patients undergoing reconstruction.
Outcomes of Displaced Tibial Tubercle Fractures in Adolescents
Authors: Yang Ally A. , Erdman Marcus , Kwok Ellius , Updegrove Gary , Hennrikus William L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTibial tubercle fractures are uncommon injuries. The purpose of this study is to report the outcomes of surgical treatment of displaced tibial tubercle fractures in adolescents. This study was approved by the College of Medicine Institutional Review Board. A retrospective review was performed at our institution for patients who underwent surgical treatment of tibial tubercle fractures. Patient demographics, injury characteristics, and outcomes were recorded. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Nineteen male patients were identified. The average age was 14.6 years, and the average body mass index was 25.8. Basketball (63%) was the most common mechanism of injury. No patient was treated with bicortical screws. Two patients had preoperative computed tomography. One patient presented with acute compartment syndrome (ACS), and fasciotomy was performed. Twelve patients (63%) without clinical signs of ACS received anterior compartment fasciotomy on a case-by-case basis according to surgeon's preference. No growth injury, including growth arrest, angulation, or shortening occurred. All patients returned to preinjury activities at an average of 18.5 weeks. Displaced tibial tubercle fractures in this series occurred in male adolescents during athletic activity. Unicortical screws/pins were used with no loss of fixation. Routine use of advanced imaging was unnecessary. One patient (5%) underwent fasciotomy. No growth arrest occurred. All patients returned to preinjury athletic activities.
Therapy of Suppressing Yang and Astringing Yin for the Treatment of Cancer-Related Insomnia
Authors: Zhu Ranpei , Sun Xu , Zheng Yuling 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe pathogenesis of cancer-related insomnia (CRI) mainly includes, first, the flow of cancerous toxin leading to the disorder of visceral qi; second, cancer-related radiotherapy and chemotherapy belonging to “exogenous pathogenic factors” to a certain extent, which can further aggravate visceral disorders. The therapeutic principle of Chinese medicine is to tranquilize the mind on the basis of regulating viscera, suppressing yang, and astringing yin. On this theoretical basis, Professor Zheng Yuling created a representative prescription of Zhenjing Anshen Granules which can achieve the co-regulation of the heart, liver, and kidney, tranquilizing the mind and nourishing the blood. Clinically, the selection of prescriptions and medicines needs to be considered due to factors such as different treatment stages and differences in patients' constitutions.
Design, construction, and operation of a 2 T 240 mm conduction-cooled defect-irrelevant winding (RE) Ba2Cu3O7−x magnet
Authors: Bong Uijong , Choi Kibum , Kim Jaemin , Bang Jeseok , Lee Jung Tae , Im Chaemin , Park Jeonghwan , Yoon Jonghoon , Kim Geonyoung , Ku Hwanmo , Kang Wonkook , Hahn Seungyong 
Published: July 2022

In order to explore the applicability of superconducting magnets in a magnetic field range of 3 T or less, where superconducting magnets have not been much used so far, a prototype magnet development project has been launched in collaboration with Hanmi Techwin Corporation and Seoul National University. As a result of the project, here we report the design, construction, and operation results of a 2 T 240 mm defect-irrelevant winding (DIW) (RE) Ba2Cu3O7−x (REBCO) magnet. First, design goals were set considering its potential usage in industrial fields, and a 2 T 240 mm-bore multi-width no-insulation high-temperature superconductor magnet was designed accordingly. Based on the design, a total of 15 double pancake (DP) coils were wound, regardless of defects in REBCO tapes, and assembled together. After being installed in a conduction cooling system, the magnet was tested at a temperature of &lt;20 K, and a magnetic field of 2 T at the magnet center was successfully generated with a total of four DP coils containing multiple defects. Based on the experimental results, the additional considerations required for the DIW approach at the magnet level are discussed.
Tailoring the electronic properties of nickel silicide by interfacial modification
Authors: Xu Xiulan , Huang Yiya , Guo Risi , Yu Guanghua 
Published: July 2022

Tailoring the microstructures to obtain metal silicide with low resistance and silicide monophase structure is a critical issue in integrated circuits manufacturing. In this work, the effect of introducing Pt insertion on the electronic properties and microstructure of the 9 nm NiPt thin film deposited by magnetron sputtering was studied. By introducing a thin Pt interlayer between the NiPt film and the substrate Si, the sheet resistance of the film can be effectively tuned. The results show that the sheet resistance of the film decreased from 27.6 to 14 Ω/sq, indicating that electrical performance has been enhanced about 1 times with Pt insertion introduced. The results show that the sheet resistance of the NiPt film with Pt insertion was lower and the phase composition of NiPt and Si presents a lower resistance NiSi phase than that of the NiPt without Pt insertion, and the sheet resistance of the film can be further reduced and the NiSi phase structure can be optimized. X-ray diffraction result shows that the phase composition of the NiPt film with Pt insertion presents a lower resistance NiSi phase than that of the NiPt without Pt insertion. Moreover, x-ray electron spectroscopy reveals that Pt insertion can reduce the diffusion of Ni into silicon effectively, which is beneficial to the formation of the monophase structure. In addition, x-ray reflectivity analysis showed that the Pt insertion further improved and modified the interface structure of nickel silicide, resulting in a smoother interface and improved electrical properties. These findings provide useful guidance for tuning the properties of the nickel silicide and also clarify the interface effect in the metal silicide materials.
A novel method for determining murine skeletal muscle fiber type using autofluorescence lifetimes
Authors: Manno Carlo , Tammineni Eshwar , Figueroa Lourdes , Oropeza-Almazán Yuriana , Rios Eduardo 
Published: July 2022

This work describes a simple way to identify fiber types in living muscles by fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM). We quantified the mean values of lifetimes τ1 and τ2 derived from a two-exponential fit in freshly dissected mouse flexor digitorum brevis (FDB) and soleus muscles. While τ1 values changed following a bimodal behavior between muscles, the distribution of τ2 is shifted to higher values in FDB. To understand the origin of this difference, we obtained maps of autofluorescence lifetimes of flavin mononucleotide and dinucleotide (FMN/FAD) in cryosections, where excitation was set at 440 nm and emission at a bandwidth of between 500 and 570 nm, and paired them with immunofluorescence images of myosin heavy chain isoforms, which allowed identification of fiber types. In soleus, τ2 was 3.16 ns for type I (SD 0.11, 97 fibers), 3.45 ns for IIA (0.10, 69), and 3.46 ns for IIX (0.12, 65). In FDB muscle, τ2 was 3.17 ns for type I (0.08, 22), 3.46 ns for IIA (0.16, 48), and 3.66 ns for IIX (0.15, 43). From τ2 distributions, it follows that an FDB fiber with τ2 &gt; 3.3 ns is expected to be of type II, and of type I otherwise. This simple classification method has first and second kind errors estimated at 0.02 and 0.10, which can be lowered by reducing the threshold for identification of type I and increasing it for type II. Lifetime maps of autofluorescence, therefore, constitute a tool to identify fiber types that, for being practical, fast, and noninvasive, can be applied in living tissue without compromising other experimental interventions.