bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analytic genericity of diffusing orbits in a priori unstable Hamiltonian systems
Authors: Chen Qinbo , de la Llave Rafael 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The genericity of Arnold diffusion in the analytic category is an open problem. In this paper, we study this problem in the following a priori unstable Hamiltonian system with a time-periodic perturbation

H

ε

(

p
,
q
,
I
,
φ
,
t

)

=
h

(

I

)

+

∑

i
=
1

n

±

1

2

p

i

2

+

V

i

(

q

i

)

+
ε

H

1

(

p
,
q
,
I
,
φ
,
t

)

,

where

(

p
,
q

)

∈

R

n

×

T

n

,

(

I
,
φ

)

∈

R

d

×

T

d

with n, d ⩾ 1, V

i
are Morse potentials, and ɛ is a small non-zero parameter. The unperturbed Hamiltonian is not necessarily convex, and the induced inner dynamics does not need to satisfy a twist condition. Using geometric methods we prove that Arnold diffusion occurs for generic analytic perturbations H
1. Indeed, the set of admissible H
1 is C

ω
dense and C
3 open (a fortiori, C

ω
open). Our perturbative technique for the genericity is valid in the C

k
topology for all k ∈ [3, ∞) ∪ {∞, ω}.
A 1.5D fluid—Monte Carlo model of a hydrogen helicon plasma
Authors: Agnello R , Fubiani G , Furno I , Guittienne Ph , Howling A , Jacquier R , Taccogna F 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Helicon plasma sources operating with hydrogen or deuterium might be attractive for fusion applications due to their higher power efficiency compared to inductive radiofrequency plasma sources. In recent years, the resonant antenna ion device (RAID) has been investigating the physics of helicon plasmas and the possibility of employing them to produce negative ions for heating neutral beam injectors (HNBs). Herein, we present a fluid Monte Carlo (MC) model that describes plasma species transport in a typical helicon hydrogen plasma discharge. This work is motivated by an interest in better understanding the basic physics of helicon plasma devices operating in hydrogen and, in particular, the volume production of negative ions. This model is based on the synergy between two separate self-consistent approaches: a plasma fluid model that calculates ion transport and an MC model that determines the neutral and rovibrational density profiles of

H
2

. By introducing the electron density and the temperature profiles measured by Langmuir probes as model constraints, the densities of ion species (

H
+

,

H

2
+

,

H

3
+

,

H

−

) are computed in a 1.5D (dimensional) geometry. The estimate of the negative ion density profile represents a useful benchmark that is comparable with dedicated diagnostics, such as cavity ring-down spectroscopy and Langmuir probe laser photodetachment. Neutral gas particles (atoms and molecules) are calculated assuming a fixed plasma background. This gas–plasma decoupling is necessary due to the different timescales of plasma (microseconds) and gas kinetics (milliseconds).
Edge fluctuations and third-order phase transition in harmonically confined long-range systems
Authors: Kethepalli Jitendra , Kulkarni Manas , Kundu Anupam , Majumdar Satya N , Mukamel David , Schehr Grégory 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We study the distribution of the position of the rightmost particle x
max in a N-particle Riesz gas in one dimension confined in a harmonic trap. The particles interact via long-range repulsive potential, of the form r
−k
with −2 < k < ∞ where r is the inter-particle distance. In equilibrium at temperature O(1), the gas settles on a finite length scale L

N
that depends on N and k. We numerically observe that the typical fluctuation of y
max = x
max/L

N
around its mean is of

O

(

N

−

η

k

)

. Over this length scale, the distribution of the typical fluctuations has a N independent scaling form. We show that the exponent η

k
obtained from the Hessian theory predicts the scale of typical fluctuations remarkably well. The distribution of atypical fluctuations to the left and right of the mean ⟨y
max⟩ are governed by the left and right large deviation functions (LDFs), respectively. We compute these LDFs explicitly ∀ k > −2. We also find that these LDFs describe a pulled to pushed type phase transition as observed in Dyson’s log-gas (k → 0) and 1d one component plasma (k = −1). Remarkably, we find that the phase transition remains third order for the entire regime. Our results demonstrate the striking universality of the third order transition even in models that fall outside the paradigm of Coulomb systems and the random matrix theory. We numerically verify our analytical expressions of the LDFs via Monte Carlo simulation using an importance sampling algorithm.
Approximation parameters of mining area curvatures induced by an operation of the 338/2 seam of hard coal
Authors: Orwat J 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Article presents a method of determination of an approximation parameters of average graphs of mining terrain curvatures caused by an exploitation of the 338/2 hard coal seam in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin in Poland. Approximation by the use of the higher orders polynomials has been done. An order of polynomial and a number of its segments belong to the parameters of approximation. Both values on the basis of minimization of a variability coefficient of random dispersion of observed curvatures have been determined. Parameters of approximation for the average graphs of curvatures measured after the end of an operation of one, two, three and four longwalls in the 338/2 seam have been calculated.
Modelling of influential machining parameters to the surface quality of wood
Authors: Ramić D , Hodžić D , Hodžić A 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The micro-roughness represents the basic structure of the roughness of the treated surfaces and they are mainly a consequence of the machining during the production. The microgeometry of treated surfaces has a significant impact on the contact conditions of surfaces, which is reflected in the quality of gluing, pressing, and surface treatment and assembly, ie the interchangeability of structural details of the product, and thus the product quality. The roughness of treated wood surfaces is almost impossible to reliably determine theoretically using analytical models, and the application of experimental analysis of the investigated influential parameters is essential to improve the treatment regime, while maintaining the cost and quality of treatment at a satisfactory level. The aim of this paper is to examine the significance of the influential parameters of roughness of the treated surface, ie wood density, feed rate and cutting depth when turning solid wood elements, and analysis of experimental data for achieving lower roughness of the treated surface, without compromising the quality and total production costs. The purpose of the experimental plan is to generate a mathematical model that describes the process.
Modern approach in a car accident with PC Crash Program
Authors: Dascăl A , Popa M , Rodic V 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper presents the reconstruction of a road accident, in the absence of very thorough measurements and judicial research, by analysing the physical possibilities of the accident, the causes of its occurrence, based on the laws of physics and the constructive technical characteristics of the vehicle as well as the configuration and characteristics of the road. A modern tool used in the implementation of judicial and extrajudicial technical expertise is the program specialized in simulating road traffic accidents PC-Crash, which covers a multitude of different situations, as it benefits from the latest achievements in hardware and software.
Modeling the synchronous permanent magnet generator with RLC load
Authors: Rat C L , Ichim-Burlacu C I , Panoiu C 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper is concerned with the modeling of the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) and its load in the dq0 reference system. The generator was considered to be directly connected to a balanced three-phase load. The loads under consideration were R and RLC type loads. The connection to the R load can be simulated using the standard PMSG dq model and Park transformations, but the connection to the RLC load requires the modeling of the system as a whole. LabVIEW simulations of these models were used in order to study the behavior of the PMSG under various load conditions (R, RL and RC). These models can be used to simulate the behavior of the PMSG in a conventional (natural gas, coal, etc.) or renewable (wind energy, hydropower, etc.) energy conversion system. They can also be used in designing the control of the energy conversion system (MPPT control, Droop control, etc.).
Application of used engine oil in the asphalt pavement industry
Authors: Raţiu S , Benea L , Armioni M 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The automotive industry presents a number of significant problems at the moment, including the waste it produces. Used engine oil is an eloquent example in this regard, as significant amounts of spent lubricant are generated annually, with a high pollutant potential. If conventional recycling measures cannot be applied, it is necessary to find alternative management solutions that do not allow the used oil to reach the environment. This article aims to present a review of the recovery of used engine oil in the asphalt pavement production and rejuvenation industry, as well as to emphasize the improvements brought by the used engine oil on the reclaimed asphalt pavement.
Analysis of the strength of an innovative design of an organic farming potato harvester
Authors: Gierz Ł , Marciniak A , Przybyl K , Koszela K , Duda A , Szychta M 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Small organic farms still use potato lifters for harvesting. This harvesting technology involves a lot of work because potatoes need to be picked manually. The aim of this study was to design an innovative organic farming potato harvester aggregated with a 38 kW tractor and to analyse its strength with the finite element method (FEM). The research assumption was to fit the innovative construction with a potato basket in order to minimise the labour consumption of organic potato cultivation. The project involved analytical calculations of the strength, which were followed by the design of a CAD model and a detailed strength analysis with the FEM. Autodesk Inventor and Femap were the programs used to aid the design of the machine. The designed model had no nodes where stresses would be greater than 32% of the maximum allowable stress in the material structure and 43% of the maximum allowable stress in the structure of welds. The innovative design of the potato harvester developed in this study can be used with all tractors (farm and orchard tractors) equipped with a three-point linkage.
Effects of electrical aging on the structural and physicochemical properties of crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) cable insulation material
Authors: Hedir Abdallah , Slimani Ferhat , Moudoud Mustapha , Lamrous Omar , Durmus Ali , Fofana Issouf 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The aim of this work is to highlight the evolution of physico-chemical properties of peroxide crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation material exposed to electrical aging. Specific analysis and characterization studies were carried out to determine the effect of electrical aging on different samples at micro and macro levels. Based on the analytical investigations, it was shown that electrical aging yielded significant changes in the chemical and thermal characteristics of XLPE. It was also showed that property loss increased with the aging time.
Potential Influence of Skin Hydration and Transepidermal Water Loss on the Dermal Transfer and Loading of Elemental Metallic Lead
Authors: Sahmel Jennifer , Ramachandran Gurumurthy 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The factors influencing transfer of chemicals or other contaminants to and from the surface of the skin are often poorly understood. Previous research has indicated that environmental conditions, skin hydration, and repeated contacts may all influence the quantity of dermal transfer. The aim of this analysis was to evaluate the influence of skin hydration and condition on quantitative chemical transfer in a series of systematic measurements using human subjects for 5 and 10 repeated contacts. Elemental metallic lead was used as the exemplar test substance for the measurements collected. Skin hydration index (HI) was assessed using a corneometer and skin condition and barrier function were measured using an open-chamber transepidermal water loss (TEWL) instrument. Results indicated that for the palmar surface of the index finger where sampling was conducted, the relative hydration level of the skin was higher for males (n = 6) versus females (n = 4) (mean HI = 4.0 for females; mean HI = 5.5 for males) but this difference was not statistically significant. Overall, the skin hydration level was not significantly associated with dermal loading for either the 5 contact scenario (Pearson correlation = 0.27; R2 = 0.07; P = 0.45) or the 10 contact scenario (Pearson correlation = 0.26; R2 = 0.07; P = 0.47). When the results were stratified by higher versus lower hydration levels (HI = 1–5 versus HI = 5–10), for the higher hydration levels (HI = 5–10; mean HI = 7), there was a moderately positive association between skin hydration and loading, but this was not statistically significant for either the 5 contact scenario (Pearson correlation = 0.75; R2 = 0.56; P = 0.15) or the 10 contact scenario (Pearson correlation = 0.6; R2 = 0.36; P = 0.28). No clear relationship was observed between the lower hydration levels (HI = 1–5) and dermal loading. For the palmar index finger, there was a negative correlation between the TEWL measurements and both the 5 contact (Pearson correlation = −0.45; R2 = 0.2; P = 0.19) and 10 contact (Pearson correlation = −0.3; R2 = 0.09; P = 0.4) scenarios, but this was not statistically significant. The results of this study are consistent with the limited results of other analyses, which have suggested that there may be nuances with respect to the effects of skin hydration on the quantitative dermal transfer to and from the skin, although additional data are needed to better understand these potential differences.
HiCARN: resolution enhancement of Hi-C data using cascading residual networks
Authors: Hicks Parker , Oluwadare Oluwatosin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMotivationHigh throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) contact matrices are used to predict 3D chromatin structures in eukaryotic cells. High-resolution Hi-C data are less available than low-resolution Hi-C data due to sequencing costs but provide greater insight into the intricate details of 3D chromatin structures such as enhancer–promoter interactions and sub-domains. To provide a cost-effective solution to high-resolution Hi-C data collection, deep learning models are used to predict high-resolution Hi-C matrices from existing low-resolution matrices across multiple cell types.ResultsHere, we present two Cascading Residual Networks called HiCARN-1 and HiCARN-2, a convolutional neural network and a generative adversarial network, that use a novel framework of cascading connections throughout the network for Hi-C contact matrix prediction from low-resolution data. Shown by image evaluation and Hi-C reproducibility metrics, both HiCARN models, overall, outperform state-of-the-art Hi-C resolution enhancement algorithms in predictive accuracy for both human and mouse 1/16, 1/32, 1/64 and 1/100 downsampled high-resolution Hi-C data. Also, validation by extracting topologically associating domains, chromosome 3D structure and chromatin loop predictions from the enhanced data shows that HiCARN can proficiently reconstruct biologically significant regions.Availability and implementationHiCARN can be accessed and utilized as an open-sourced software at: https://github.com/OluwadareLab/HiCARN and is also available as a containerized application that can be run on any platform.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Defective lipid signalling caused by mutations inPIK3C2Bunderlies focal epilepsy
Authors: Gozzelino Luca , Kochlamazashvili Gaga , Baldassari Sara , Mackintosh Albert Ian , Licchetta Laura , Iovino Emanuela , Liu Yu Chi , Bennett Caitlin A , Bennett Mark F , Damiano John A , Zsurka Gábor , Marconi Caterina , Giangregorio Tania , Magini Pamela , Kuijpers Marijn , Maritzen Tanja , Norata Giuseppe Danilo , Baulac Stéphanie , Canafoglia Laura , Seri Marco , Tinuper Paolo , Scheffer Ingrid E , Bahlo Melanie , Berkovic Samuel F , Hildebrand Michael S , Kunz Wolfram S , Giordano Lucio , Bisulli Francesca , Martini Miriam , Haucke Volker , Hirsch Emilio , Pippucci Tommaso 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEpilepsy is one of the most frequent neurological diseases, with focal epilepsy accounting for the largest number of cases. The genetic alterations involved in focal epilepsy are far from being fully elucidated.Here, we show that defective lipid signalling caused by heterozygous ultra-rare variants in PIK3C2B, encoding for the class II phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase PI3K-C2β, underlie focal epilepsy in humans. We demonstrate that patients’ variants act as loss-of-function alleles, leading to impaired synthesis of the rare signalling lipid phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate, resulting in mTORC1 hyperactivation. In vivo, mutant Pik3c2b alleles caused dose-dependent neuronal hyperexcitability and increased seizure susceptibility, indicating haploinsufficiency as a key driver of disease. Moreover, acute mTORC1 inhibition in mutant mice prevented experimentally induced seizures, providing a potential therapeutic option for a selective group of patients with focal epilepsy.Our findings reveal an unexpected role for class II PI3K-mediated lipid signalling in regulating mTORC1-dependent neuronal excitability in mice and humans.
The geometrical shapes of violence: predicting and explaining terrorist operations through graph embeddings
Authors: Campedelli Gian Maria , Layne Janet , Herzoff Jack , Serra Edoardo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBehaviours across terrorist groups differ based on a variety of factors, such as groups’ resources or objectives. We here show that organizations can also be distinguished by network representations of their operations. We provide evidence in this direction in the frame of a computational methodology organized in two steps, exploiting data on attacks plotted by Al Shabaab, Boko Haram, the Islamic State and the Taliban in the 2013–2018 period. First, we present $\textsf{LabeledSparseStruct}$, a graph embedding approach, to predict the group associated with each operational meta-graph. Second, we introduce $\textsf{SparseStructExplanation}$, an algorithmic explainer based on $\textsf{LabeledSparseStruct}$, that disentangles characterizing features for each organization, enhancing interpretability at the dyadic level. We demonstrate that groups can be discriminated according to the structure and topology of their operational meta-graphs, and that each organization is characterized by the recurrence of specific dyadic interactions among event features.
“Peace and Friendship”: Overcoming the Cold War in the Children’s World of the Pioneer Camp Artek*
Authors: Neumann Matthias 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The famous Pioneer camp ‘Artek’ was used by the Soviet Union to showcase socialism to upcoming generations. It was an iconic space where each summer 5,000 children from over 60 nations met to promote transnational cooperation and Soviet-led world peace. The article reconstructs American children’s experiences who dared to break through the iron curtain to participate. It will examine how, and with what success, the participants’ encounters challenged and shaped their perceptions of East and West, and how their actions fed into the upsurgence of citizen diplomacy that played a crucial role in ending the Cold War.
Prognostic value of left atrial reservoir function in patients with severe primary mitral regurgitation undergoing mitral valve repair
Authors: Stassen Jan , van Wijngaarden Aniek L , Butcher Steele C , Palmen Meindert , Herbots Lieven , Bax Jeroen J , Delgado Victoria , Ajmone Marsan Nina 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Aims
Mitral regurgitation (MR) has a significant haemodynamic impact on the left atrium. Assessment of left atrial reservoir strain (LARS) may have important prognostic implications, incremental to left atrial (LA) volume, and conventional parameters of left ventricular (LV) structure and function. This study investigated whether preoperative assessment of LARS by speckle tracking echocardiography is associated with long-term outcomes in patients undergoing mitral valve repair for severe primary MR.

Methods and results
Echocardiography was performed prior to mitral valve surgery in 566 patients (age 64 ± 12years, 66% men) with severe primary MR. The study population was subdivided based on a LARS value of 22%, using a spline curve analysis. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality. During a median follow-up of 7 (4–12) years, 129 (22.8%) patients died. Patients with LARS ≤22% showed significantly higher mortality rates at 1-, 3-, and 5-year follow-up (6%, 12%, and 15%, respectively) when compared with patients with LARS &gt;22% (2%, 3% and 5%, respectively, P &lt; 0.001). Age [hazard ratio (HR): 1.06; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03–1.09; P &lt; 0.001], LV global longitudinal strain (HR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.87–0.98; P = 0.014), and LARS (HR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.93–0.99; P = 0.014) were independently associated with all-cause mortality.

Conclusion
Preoperative LARS is independently associated with all-cause mortality in patients undergoing mitral valve repair for primary MR and provides incremental prognostic value over LA volume. LARS might be helpful to guide timing of mitral valve surgery in patients with severe primary MR.
Speculative Metaphysics and the Culture of Ideas in Early Victorian Britain: The Case of Francis Foster Barham
Authors: Vandrei Martha 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This article focuses on the social and intellectual world of Francis Foster Barham (1808–1871) from the late 1830s to the mid-1850s. Barham was a prolific polymathic writer and lecturer whose oeuvre ranged from the classics to theology to esotericism, contemporary drama and literature. Based on wide reading and his interactions with fellow transcendentalists and idealists, he elaborated his own philosophy, ‘syncretism’, a universalising system of thought with applications to political, religious and social reform. This article uses the example of Barham, his philosophical speculations, and the small groups with which he was affiliated in London and the West Country, to illuminate the trajectory of a humanistic discourse—in this case speculative metaphysical philosophy—in the life of relatively obscure people who, outside of academic and scholarly circles, interpreted ‘high’ ideas in their own way. The article suggests that there is much more to be done to understand fully the cultural and intellectual history of the humanities in modern Britain, especially in the thought and experience of lesser-known people and associations. Recovering the history of ideas through such figures, their networks, and their own terminologies can point the way to fresh understandings of the history, nature and processes of intellectual development, including its ‘freaks’ and dead-ends, as well as its manifestation in and as culture.