bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Multiplex Conversion of a Historical Cinema
Authors: Cascardi Alessio , Verre Salvatore , Sportillo Alessandra , Giorgio Gaetano 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The cultural Heritage building is a valuable trace of the past social life for a city. One peculiar typology of building is the theatre or, more recently, the cinema. Within this indoor space, the community of people actively live an emotional feeling over the time causing memories linked to not only the show itself, but also to the place. Furthermore, cinemas are often located in city centers where buildings are historical-oriented form the architectural point of view and for this reason an added-value needs to be recognized. Nowadays, the introduction of pay-TVs has dramatically compromised the cinema business and so-making the turnout of clients more limited. In addition, the recent COVID-19 pandemic situation has further and severally damaged the economy linked to cinema. In this scenario, the modernization and the improvement of old cinemas is becoming an interesting topic in the field of civil engineering. In fact, the new technologies make the experience more comfortable and enthusiastic because of the modern video and audio tools. On the other hand, the expectation of the clients is full-filled when the cinema is able to provide a large choice of views; which means arranging many projection rooms. In order to empathize this aspect, the structural strengthening for a multiplex conversion of an historical cinema is herein reported. The structure required a seismic joint (separating the masonry to the reinforced concrete structural bodies) and a deep strengthening of a very long span beam due to a relevant overloading (in seismic loads combination) caused by the new architectonical project. The numerical simulations demonstrated the validity of different bending strengthening systems (i.e. FRP-plate and Beton Plaquè) in terms of both load bearing capacity and maximum deflection. This overview is a part of a larger study in the way of a global structural interventions which will also involve the masonry members.
EXPERIMENTAL MODELING OF A PLUME FORMING IN AN INCLINED FLAT CRUSTAL LAYER OF A SUBDUCTING OCEANIC PLATE
Authors:   V. S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Мinerаlоgу SB RAS, Kirdyashkin A. , Kirdyashkin A. ,   V. S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Мinerаlоgу SB RAS, Gladkov I. ,   V. S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Мinerаlоgу SB RAS, Distanov V. ,   V. S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Мinerаlоgу SB RAS, Borodin A. ,   V. S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Мinerаlоgу SB RAS
Published: January 2022

The results of experimental studies of the thermal and hydrodynamic structure of the plume conduit melted out in a flat inclined layer above a local heat source are presented. For different thermal powers on the plume base, the evolution of the plume conduit structure and the plume breakthrough on the surface are presented. It was found that for heater power N = 5.6 W and N = 6.4 W and relative power Ka = 1.18, the plume does not reach the surface of the inclined layer. For N = 7.9 W (Ka = 1.42) and N = 8.9 W (Ka = 1.53), the plume reaches the surface, and the first plume cell (plume head) has a mushroom shape. Depending on the value of the Ka criterion (relative thermal power), the upper cell structure and the regime of plume breakthrough on the surface change. There is an ascending flow at the upper bounding surface of the inclined layer and a descending flow along the rest of the perimeter of the plume conduit. Longitudinal roll flows are also observed. The roll axes are oriented in the direction of the ascending flow. The roll flows transfer heat from the ascending flow to the descending one and hence reduce the unstable stratification existing in the layer. Due to these flows, the turbulent viscosity of the melt increases, which also reduces unstable stratification. In the conduit portion, where the rolls are weak, unstable stratification is additionally compensated by the plume conduit widening. Laboratory experiments have shown that the regime of plume breakthrough on the surface of an inclined flat layer depends on the Ka criterion, and this dependence differs from that of plume breakthrough on the surface in an unbroken solid massif
Digitale Lerntherapie
Authors: Maurer Jenny , Hilkenmeier Johanna , Becker Angelika , Daseking Monika 
Published: January 2022

Das schulische Leben und Lernen von Kindern und Jugendlichen hat sich in Deutschland seit März 2020 aufgrund der Corona-Pandemie über einen längeren Zeitraum stark verändert. Ebenso konnte durch die Kontaktbeschränkungen Lerntherapie nicht wie gewohnt stattfinden. In der Lerntherapie werden Kinder und Jugendliche, die Schwierigkeiten im Erwerb von Lesen, Schreiben und/oder Rechnen haben, unterstützt. Ziel dieser Studie ist es herauszufinden, wie Lerntherapie seit Beginn der Corona-Pandemie stattfand und wie dabei die Medienkompetenz sowie die lerntherapeutische Kompetenz auf Distanz von Lerntherapeutinnen und -therapeuten eingeschätzt wurde. Die bundesweite Studie wurde zwischen Juni und November 2020 mittels einer Online-Umfrage durchgeführt. Es nahmen 69 Lerntherapeutinnen und -therapeuten teil (weiblich = 60; 87 %; Alter: M = 50.18; SD = 8.76). Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Zahl der geförderten Schülerinnen und Schüler seit dem Beginn der Pandemie niedriger ist als davor. Ein grosser Teil der Schülerinnen und Schüler wurde zwischenzeitlich ausschliesslich auf Distanz gefördert. Fast alle Lerntherapeutinnen und -therapeuten können Arbeitsblätter und Präsentationen digital herstellen, jedoch werden digitale diagnostische Werkzeuge kaum oder gar nicht genutzt. Ebenso möchte nur die Hälfte der Befragten Lerntherapie auf Distanz auch in Zukunft einsetzen. Weiterhin konnten Zusammenhänge zwischen der Medien- und lerntherapeutischen Kompetenz auf Distanz festgestellt werden. In diesem Bereich ist weitere Forschung notwendig und sollte weitere Faktoren bei Lerntherapeutinnen und -therapeuten, Schülerinnen und Schülern sowie Eltern berücksichtigen.
Neuroinflammation: The Role of Anthocyanins as Neuroprotectants
Authors: Banji Otilia J.F. , Banji David , Makeen Hafiz A. , Alqahtani Saad S. , Alshahrani Saeed 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
Neuroinflammation is a trigger for several neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. Exposure to noxious external stimuli induces homeostatic disturbances resulting in morphological changes in microglia, their activation, and elaboration of pro-inflammatory mediators. This leads to neuroinflammation with the progressive loss of neurons. Nutraceuticals such as anthocyanins are a class of brightly colored bioactive compounds present in fruits and vegetables with purported health benefits. They interfere with the activation of several signaling cascades that have a prominent role in preventing neuroinflammation. More importantly, anthocyanins can cross the blood-brain barrier and are safe. Hence, the current review focuses on the bioavailability of anthocyanins, clinical and in vitro evidence on their role in impeding the activation of transcription factors, modulating the immune milieu within the central nervous system, preventing the activation of microglia, and averting neuroinflammation.
Potential Therapeutic Application of Local Anesthetics in Cancer Treatment
Authors: Jin Zhaosheng , Zhang William , Liu Hengrui , Ding Arianna , Lin Yongjian , Wu Shao-Xiong , Lin Jun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
Local anesthetics are voltage-gated sodium channel blockers primarily administered locally
or to the innervating nerves for anesthetic or analgesic purposes. In vitro studies have found
direct effects of local anesthetics on cancer cells, such as impact on cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis,
migration, invasion, and chemosensitivity, by multiple mechanisms. So far, in vivo evidence
regarding the effect of local anesthetics on cancer cell lines is relatively lacking. Local and regional
anesthesia administration has been reported to reduce postoperative pain and opioid use in cancer
treatment. Additionally, regional anesthesia may reduce the perioperative stress response. However,
the clinical therapeutic application of local anesthetics in cancer remains exploratory. In this review,
we will discuss the direct and indirect effects of local anesthetics on cancer cells, and discuss
the current evidence related to the use of local anesthetics in the treatment of cancer.
Organoantimony (III) Derivative Induces Necroptosis in Human Breast Cancer MDA-MB-231 Cells
Authors: Liu Yong-ping , Lei Jian , Yin Ming-Ming , Chen Yi 
Published: January 2022

Aim:
This study aimed to investigate the anticancer effect and the underlying mechanisms of organoantimony
(III) fluoride on MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells.

Methods:
Five cancer and one normal cell line were treated with an organoantimony (III) compound 6-cyclohexyl-12-
fluoro-5,6,7,12-tetrahydrodibenzo[c,f][1,5]azastibocine (denoted as C4). The cell viability was detected by MTT assay.
Induction of cell death was determined by Hoechst 33342/PI staining and Annexin-V/PI staining. The effect of C4 on
the necroptotic relative protein was determined by Western blot analysis.

Results:
Among the five cancer cell lines, C4 decreased the viability of MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 and A2780/cisR, and
showed less toxicity on normal human embryonic kidney cells. In breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, the C4 treatment
induced necrotic cell death as well as LDH release in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Moreover, C4 could
increase the expression of phosphorylated RIPK3 and MLKL proteins. Overall, the C4 treatment resulted in the reduction
of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and accumulation of ROS in MDA-MB-231 cells.

Conclusion:
C4-induced necroptosis could be ascribed to glutathione depletion and ROS elevation in MDA-MB-231
cells. Our findings illustrate C4 to be a potential necroptosis inducer for breast cancer treatment.
An Updated Review of Epigenetic-Related Mechanisms and their Contribution
to Multiple Sclerosis Disease
Authors: Safaralizadeh Reza , Eslahi Maedeh , Nematbakhsh Negin , Dastmalchi Narges , Teimourian Shahram 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a multifactorial, neurodegenerative, and inflammatory demyelination
disease with incomplete remyelination in the CNS. It would be more informative to reveal
the underlying molecular mechanisms of MS. Molecular mechanisms involving epigenetic
changes play a pivotal role in this disease. Epigenetic changes impact gene expression without altering
the underlying DNA sequence. The main epigenetic modifications that play a key role in the
regulation of gene expression principally include DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNA-
associated post-transcriptional gene silencing. In this review, we summarize the dynamics
of epigenetic changes and their relation to environmental risk factors in MS pathogenesis. Studies
suggest that epigenetic changes have a role in the development of MS and environmental risk factors,
such as vitamin D, smoking, and Epstein-Barr virus infection seem to influence the development
and susceptibility to MS. Investigating epigenetic and environmental factors can provide new
opportunities for the molecular basis of the diseases, which shows complicated pathogenesis. Epigenetic
research has the potential to complete our understanding of MS initiation and progression. Increased
understanding of MS molecular pathways leads to new insights into potential MS therapies.
However, there is a need for in vivo evaluation of the role of epigenetic factors in MS therapy.
It would be more valuable to indicate the role of various epigenetic factors in MS.
Neurological Disorders in an Elderly Cohort Experienced Past Stressful
Events: A Retrospective-prospective Study
Authors: Domínguez Raúl O. , Marschoff Enrique R. , Oudkerk Liliana M. , de la Ossa Angulo Luis E. , Pérez Susana Villamizar , Bianchi Graciela A. , Repetto Marisa G. , Serra Jorge A. 
Published: January 2022

Objective:
Psychological stress may be a risk factor for dementia, but the association
between exposure to stressful life events and the development of cognitive dysfunction has not
been conclusively demonstrated. We hypothesize that if a stressful event has an impact on the subjects,
its effects would be different in the three diseases.

Background:
This study aims to assess the effects of stressful events in senior patients who later developed
ischemic stroke, Alzheimer's, or Parkinson's disease.

Material and Methods:
Together with demographic variables (age, sex, race, socioeconomic and
cultural levels), five types of past stressful events, such as death or serious illness of close relatives,
job dismissal, change of financial status, retirement, and change of residence, were recorded in
1024 patients with Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and ischemic stroke. Time-todiagnosis
(months from the event to the first symptoms: retrospective study) and evolution time
(years of follow-up of each patient: prospective study) were recorded. The variance and nonparametric
methods were analyzed to the variables time-to-diagnosis and evolution time to analyze
differences between these diseases.

Results:
The demographic variables, such as age, sex, race, economic and cultural levels, were found
to be statistically non-significant; differences in the economic level were significant (P<0.05). Significant
differences (P<0.001) were found in the mean time-to-diagnosis between diseases (Alzheimer’s
disease>Parkinson’s disease >Stroke), and minor differences (P<0.05) in evolution time.

Conclusion:
Differences in time-to-diagnosis between the diseases indicate that the stressful effect
of having experienced the death or serious illness of a close relative has an impact on their emergence.
The measurement of time-to-diagnosis and evolution time proves useful in detecting differences
between diseases.
Surface Engineered Nanomaterials: An Emerging Trend for Futuristic
Forensic Science
Authors: Pandey Gaurav , Tharmavaram Maithri , Rawtani Deepak 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
Nanomaterials due to their small size have high surface area and catalytic activity, and
therefore, have found applications in forensic sample analysis. Surface engineering of these nanomaterials
enhances their stability, chemical reactivity, specificity and sensitivity towards other analytes.
Covalent bonds, hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interaction play a major role in attaching
functional groups on the surface of various nanomaterials. Over the years, several SENMs have
been developed for the analysis of forensic science samples, such as fingerprints, unlawful drugs,
explosives, doping agents, chemical and biological warfare agents. These SENMs have been functionalized
with a myriad of functionalization agents, such as polymers, organosilanes, acids or alkalis,
and compounds of biological origin with different strategies. In this paper, the different surface
engineering strategies of nanomaterials, the applications of these nanomaterials in forensic science,
and the mechanism behind their detection of forensic analytes have been discussed. The challenges
for using SENMs for forensic applications have also been elaborated.
Accuracy of Heart Rate Measurement by the Fitbit Charge 2 During Wheelchair Activities in People With Spinal Cord Injury: Instrument Validation Study
Authors: Hoevenaars Dirk , Yocarini Iris E , Paraschiakos Stylianos , Holla Jasmijn F M , de Groot Sonja , Kraaij Wessel , Janssen Thomas W J 
Published: January 2022

Background
Heart rate (HR) is an important and commonly measured physiological parameter in wearables. HR is often measured at the wrist with the photoplethysmography (PPG) technique, which determines HR based on blood volume changes, and is therefore influenced by blood pressure. In individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI), blood pressure control is often altered and could therefore influence HR accuracy measured by the PPG technique.

Objective
The objective of this study is to investigate the HR accuracy measured with the PPG technique with a Fitbit Charge 2 (Fitbit Inc) in wheelchair users with SCI, how the activity intensity affects the HR accuracy, and whether this HR accuracy is affected by lesion level.

Methods
The HR of participants with (38/48, 79%) and without (10/48, 21%) SCI was measured during 11 wheelchair activities and a 30-minute strength exercise block. In addition, a 5-minute seated rest period was measured in people with SCI. HR was measured with a Fitbit Charge 2, which was compared with the HR measured by a Polar H7 HR monitor used as a reference device. Participants were grouped into 4 groups—the no SCI group and based on lesion level into the <T5 (midthoracic and lower) group, T5-T1 (high-thoracic) group, and >T1 (cervical) group. Mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and concordance correlation coefficient were determined for each group for each activity type, that is, rest, wheelchair activities, and strength exercise.

Results
With an overall MAPEall lesions of 12.99%, the accuracy fell below the standard acceptable MAPE of –10% to +10% with a moderate agreement (concordance correlation coefficient=0.577). The HR accuracy of Fitbit Charge 2 seems to be reduced in those with cervical lesion level in all activities (MAPEno SCI=8.09%; MAPE<T5=11.16%; MAPET1−T5=10.5%; and MAPE>T1=20.43%). The accuracy of the Fitbit Charge 2 decreased with increasing intensity in all lesions (MAPErest=6.5%, MAPEactivity=12.97%, and MAPEstrength=14.2%).

Conclusions
HR measured with the PPG technique showed lower accuracy in people with SCI than in those without SCI. The accuracy was just above the acceptable level in people with paraplegia, whereas in people with tetraplegia, a worse accuracy was found. The accuracy seemed to worsen with increasing intensities. Therefore, high-intensity HR data, especially in people with cervical lesions, should be used with caution.
COVID-19 and Pregnancy: Citation Network Analysis and Evidence Synthesis
Authors: Ruiz-Roman Rebeca , Martinez-Perez Clara , Gil Prados Inés , Cristóbal Ignacio , Sánchez-Tena Miguel Ángel 
Published: January 2022

Background
COVID-19 spread quickly around the world shortly after the first outbreaks of the new coronavirus disease at the end of December 2019, affecting all populations, including pregnant women.

Objective
The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between different publications on COVID-19 in pregnancy and their authors through citation networks, as well as to identify the research areas and to determine the publication that has been the most highly cited.

Methods
The search for publications was carried out through the Web of Science database using terms such as “pregnancy,” “SARS-CoV-2,” “pregnant,” and “COVID-19” for the period between January and December 2020. Citation Network Explorer software was used for publication analysis and VOSviewer software was used to construct the figures. This approach enabled an in-depth network analysis to visualize the connections between the related elements and explain their network structure.

Results
A total of 1330 publications and 5531 citation networks were identified in the search, with July being the month with the largest number of publications, and the United States, China, and England as the countries with the greatest number of publications. The most cited publication was “Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records” by Chen and colleagues, which was published in March 2020. Six groups identified as being close in the citation network reflect multidisciplinary research, including clinical characteristics and outcomes in pregnancy, vertical transmission, delivery mode, and psychological impacts of the pandemic on pregnant women.

Conclusions
Thousands of articles on COVID-19 have been published in several journals since the disease first emerged. Identifying relevant publications and obtaining a global view of the main papers published on COVID-19 and pregnancy can lead to a better understanding of the topic. With the accumulation of scientific knowledge, we now know that the clinical features of COVID-19 during pregnancy are generally similar to those of infected nonpregnant women. There is a small increase in frequency of preterm birth and cesarean birth, related to severe maternal illness. Vaccination for all pregnant women is recommended. Several agents are being evaluated for the treatment of COVID-19, but with minimal or no information on safety in pregnancy. These results could form the basis for further research. Future bibliometric and scientometric studies on COVID-19 should provide updated information to analyze other relevant indicators in this field.
The Effect of Artificial Intelligence on the Nutritional Status of Children After Cardiac Surgery: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Zahid Maryam , Sughra Ume 
Published: January 2022

Background
Malnutrition is the most common problem in congenital heart disease patients. Health-based mobile apps play an important role in the planning and tracking of diet for better nutritional status.

Objective
The aim of this paper was to assess the effect of artificial intelligence on the nutritional status of children after cardiac surgery in comparison to the usual care group. We also aimed to assess the usefulness of a diet-related mobile app in comparison to the usual care group.

Methods
This is a two-arm randomized controlled trial, which was conducted at a tertiary care hospital, Rawalpindi. The study duration was 6 months from February 2021 until July 2021. The sample size was calculated to be 88. The intervention group was given a diet-related mobile app, and the usual care group was handed a pamphlet with diet instructions on discharge.

Results
The mean weight of all participants was 15 (SD 5.7) kg at the time of discharge. However, at the end of the 8th week, the mean weight of the participants in the usual care group was 16.5 (SD 7.2) kg and that of the intervention group was 17.1 (SD 5) kg. The average calories consumed by the usual care group was 972 (SD 252) kcal and 1000.75 (SD 210) kcal by the intervention group after 8 weeks of discharge. The average proteins consumed by the usual care group was 34.3 (SD 12.5) grams and 39 (SD 6.4) grams by the intervention group after 8 weeks of discharge. At the end of the intervention, the preferred diet planning tool for 79% of the participants was mobile app. At the 8th week, 93% of the participants considered the visual cues useful, 80% thought that the mobile app’s language was understandable, 79% thought nutritional goal setting is a useful feature in the mobile app, and 55% thought the recipes provided in the app were useful.

Conclusions
This study showed strength for the future of scalable modern technology for self-nutrition monitoring. There was a slight increase in the weight and nutritional intake of both groups, as the intervention period was limited.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04782635; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04782635