bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The faint companion in 56 UMa unmasked as a neutron star
Authors: Escorza Ana , Karinkuzhi Drisya , Jorissen Alain , Eck Sophie Van , Schmelz Joan , Verschuur Gerrit , Boffin Henri , De Rosa Robert , Winckel Hans Van 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Neutron stars are possible end products of massive star evolution (M ≥ 8 Msun). They are exotic astronomical objects observed with masses between 1.2 and 2.35 Msun and typically emitting at radio and X-ray wavelengths, especially when being young and rapidly rotating. As they age, their rotation slows down, their emission fades, and they become ‘quiet’, unless they are fuelled by mass transfer from a binary companion. Neutron stars not powered by accretion are difficult to detect and, therefore, very rarely observed. Here, we propose that the giant star in 56 UMa has a neutron star companion in a 46-yr orbit. Combining radial-velocity with HIPPARCOS and Gaia astrometric data, we derived its mass to be 1.31 Msun. Our claim is supported by the discovery of a cavity in the HI interstellar gas around the star, providing evidence of a supernova explosion. The heavy-element abundance profile of the giant bears imprints from the s-process and seemingly as well from the r-process of nucleosynthesis, making it the first known star with a combined rs-pattern at solar metallicity. Our finding opens an opportunity to explore evolutionary scenarios that could lead to such a system and to derive properties related to the progenitor of this supernova that exploded ~100 000 years ago only 170 pc away from Earth.
Estrogen antagonizes ASIC1a-induced chondrocyte Mitochondrial stress in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Zai Zhuoyan , Xu Yayun , Qian Xuewen , Li Zihan , Ou Ziyao , Zhang Tao , Wang Longfei , Ling Yian , Peng Xiaoqing , Zhang Yihao , Chen Feihu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Destruction of articular cartilage and bone is the main cause of joint dysfunction in rheumatoid arthritis. Estrogen has been proven to have a protective effect against articular cartilage damage, however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we found that acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a) mediates intracellular Ca2+ overload in response to extracellular acidification, which leads to mitochondrial stress in rat chondrocytes. Estrogen antagonizes Ca2+ overload-induced mitochondrial stress by inhibiting the activity of ASIC1a, thereby protecting articular chondrocytes in vivo and in vitro . These findings suggest that extracellular acidification induces mitochondrial stress by activating ASIC1a, leading to the death of rat articular chondrocytes. Estrogen is a beneficial factor that antagonizes acidosis-induced joint damage by inhibiting ASIC1a activity. In summary, our study provides new insights into the protective effect and mechanism of action of estrogen in rheumatoid arthritis.
Transanal down-to-up dissection of the distal rectum as a viable approach to achieve total mesorectal excision in laparoscopic sphincter-preserving surgery for rectal cancer near the anus: a study of short- and long-term outcomes of 127 consecutive patients from a single Japanese institution
Authors: Kagami Satoru , Funahashi Kimihiko , Koda Takamaru , Ushigome Toshimitsu , Kaneko Tomoaki , Suzuki Takayuki , Miura Yasuyuki , Nagashima Yasuo , Yoshida Kimihiko , Kurihara Akiharu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
In laparoscopic sphincter-preserving surgery (lap-SPS) for rectal cancer (RC), total mesorectal excision (TME) in low RC patients is difficult. This study aimed to evaluate the short- and long-term outcomes of transanal down-to-up dissection of the distal rectum to achieve TME in lap-SPS for RC near the anus.
Methods
A total of 137 consecutive patients with RC near the anus underwent lap-SPS, with either transanal rectal dissection under direct vision (TARD), which mobilized the most difficult portion of TME via the anus, or trans-anal TME (TaTME), which used an endoscopic system, between January 2006 and February 2021.
Results
A total of 127 consecutive patients (87 men), with a median age of 66 years (range: 33–86 years), were included. TARD and TaTME were performed in 51 (40.2%) and 76 (59.8%) patients, respectively. Preoperative treatment was performed in 41 (32.3%) patients. Although operative time in the transanal portion in the TaTME group was longer (p < 0.001), total operative time was unaffected. Median blood loss was lower in the TaTME group (p < 0.001). Postoperative complications developed in 56 (44.1%) patients. TME quality was good for almost all the patients and recurrence occurred in 18 patients (14.2%). The five-year overall survival and disease-free survival rates in the 127 patients were 90.4% and 83.2%, respectively.
Conclusion
Our data suggest that a transanal down-to-up dissection of the distal rectum might be a viable approach in lap-SPS for RC near the anus. Further studies are needed to examine the differences between TARD and TaTME.
Synergic combination of calcareous algae and cyanobacteria stimulate metabolic alterations improving plant growth and yield
Authors: Amatussi Juliana Oliveira , Mógor Átila Francisco , Cordeiro Ely Cristina Negrelli , Mógor Gilda , Marques Harielly Marianne Costa , Lara Gabriel Bocchetti 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The use of natural bioactive sources to promote plant growth and crop yield gains, such as those obtained from algae, are in evidence as a sustainable agriculture practice. In this sense, recently the calcareous alga Lithothamnium sp. had its bioactive plant growth promoting effect related to the presence of high degree of humification humic acid with pronounced auxin-like effects, while the cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina plantensis) has the plant growth promoting effect attributed to a pool of bioactive molecules, such as the free L-amino acids and polyamines. To explore the effect of algae sources combinations as plant biostimulants, the aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of foliar application of micronized Lithothamnium (Lm) associated with A. platensis (Ap) dried biomass in onion (Allium cepa) metabolism, growth and yield. For that, adopting an step by step approach three experiments were conducted: (i) foliar application to onion plants grown in pots in greenhouse comparing algae sources alone and combined, (ii) foliar application to onion plants in the field under organic system testing algae sources combinations (first season), and (iii) foliar application in the field comparing doses and frequencies of selected combinations (second season). The association of algae sources promoted growth and biochemical changes, thus pigment contents, total sugars, amino acids and nitrate reductase enzyme activity were improved, increasing the onion yield by two seasons in a nature friendly way.
Comparison of ALC, LMR and IPS in predicting Prognosis in Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Khalil Hasan , Hussein Firas , Samra Suzan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Hodgkin lymphoma is a highly treatable malignancy. However, there are many patients who relapse or are refractory to treatment. This explains the amount of studies and attention focused on determining prognosis and predicting the response to the treatment. This study aims to compare between absolute lymphocyte count, lymphocyte/monocyte ratio and international prognostic score in terms of their effectiveness in predicting prognosis of HL in the modern era.
Methods
A prospective cohort study of 84 patients with HL was carried out. Complete blood count and serum Albumin assay were performed at the time of diagnosis and before treatment given. The end points were Response to treatment, Progression Free Survival (PFS) and Overall Survival (OS).
Results
There was a difference in terms of therapeutic response between patients with LMR < 2.9 and LMR ≥ 2.9 when studying the entire patients. When examining the advanced disease group, a difference was found between patients with IPS < 3 and IPS ≥ 3 in terms of their response to treatment. There was a difference in progression-free survival between the high and low LMR group when studying the early disease group and the whole sample. By studying the entire cohort, we found a difference in overall survival between the two groups: LMR < 2.9 and LMR ≥ 2.9.
Conclusions
LMR has efficacy in predicting therapeutic response, 18-month PFS and 18-month OS in the state of the entire cohort. IPS can be used as an effective predictor of therapeutic response in advanced disease.
Andrographolide Protects Against Doxorubicin- and Arsenic Trioxide-Induced Toxicity in Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Safaeian Leila , Shafiee Fatemeh , Haghighatnazar Samira 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Andrographolide (AG) is a lactone diterpene with valuable biological activities. This in vitro study evaluated whether AG can protect cardiomyocytes under toxicities triggered with anti-cancer chemotherapeutic agents, doxorubicin (DOX) and arsenic trioxide (ATO). Methods and results: H9C2 cells were pretreated with AG (0.5-10 µM) for 24 h and then exposed to DOX (1 μM) or ATO (35 μM) for another 24 h period. For determination of cell viability or cytotoxicity, MTT and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay were used. Total oxidant and antioxidant capacities were estimated by determining hydroperoxides and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) levels. Real time-polymerase chain reaction was also used for quantitative evaluation of TLR4 gene expression. AG inhibited cardiomyocytes proliferation at the concentrations of more than 20 μM. However, it considerably enhanced cell viability and decreased cytotoxicity of DOX and ATO at the concentration range of 2.5-10 μM in MTT and LDH assays. AG significantly declined hydroperoxides concentration in ATO-treated cardiomyocytes and raised FRAP value in DOX- and ATO-treated cells. Furthermore, AG notably lessened TLR4 expression in H9C2 cells after exposure to DOX- and ATO. Conclusion: In conclusion, these data presented that AG was able to reverse DOX- and ATO-induced cardiotoxicity in vitro. The cardiomyocyte protective activities of AG may be due to the decrease in TLR4 expression and total oxidant capacity and increase in total antioxidant capacity.
A deep Second generation Wavelet Autoencoders based Curvelet Pooling to Brain Classification Pathology
Authors: TAKROUNI WIEM , Douik Ali 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Neurological disorders represent the anomalies relevant to the human nervous system. They also contain biochemical, anatomical or electrical modifications in the central nervous system, the spinal cord or the brain. These disorders provoke different symptoms. Early diagnosis of such changes is necessary for treatment, with the aim of limiting disease progression. An accurate and CAD system is introduced in this paper to classify brain MRI, which overcomes crucial problems in pattern classification, such as extracting certain features in the training phase. Our contribution is to merge second-generation wavelet (SGW) networks and deep learning architectures, hence suggesting novel supervised feature extraction approaches for pattern classification. Our novel architecture allows classifying the dataset classes by reconstructing a deep stacked second-generation wavelet autoencoder. Combining curvelet pooling (CP) with the Adam gradient calculation method can enhance the accuracy of the autoencoder. We build CP with Adam in this work utilizing both a Haar curvelet (CurvPool-AH) and a Shannon Curvelet (CurvPool-AS). This network can be attained following many SGW autoencoders ending up with one Softmax classifier at the final layer. We also find CurvPool carried out fairly well on all datasets. However, overfitting is a problem with all the approaches we consider. CP, particularly when merged with an adaptive gradient and curvelets chosen specifically for the data, has the potential to surpass the present methods. Our architecture is tested with various image datasets. These latter can be as follows: DS-66, DS-90, DS-160, and DS-255. Based on 5×5 cross-validation, our suggested approach can outperform the state-of-the-art methods as regards the classification accuracy.
Sub-10 fJ/bit Radiation-hard Nanoelectromechanical Non-volatile Memory
Authors: Lee Yong-Bok , Kang Min-Ho , Choi Pan-Kyu , Kim Su-Hyun , Kim Tae-Su ,   So-Young Lee1 Lee, Yoon Jun-Bo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

With the exponential growth of the semiconductor industry, radiation-hardness has become an indispensable property of memory devices. However, implementation of radiation-hardened semiconductor memory devices inevitably requires various radiation-hardening technologies from the layout level to the system level, and such technologies incur a significant energy overhead. Thus, there is a growing demand for emerging memory devices that are energy-efficient and intrinsically radiation-hard. Here, we report a nanoelectromechanical non-volatile memory (NEM-NVM) with an ultra-low energy consumption and radiation-hardness. To achieve an ultra-low operating energy of less than 10 fJ/bit, we introduce an out-of-plane electrode configuration and electrothermal erase operation. These approaches enable the NEM-NVM to operate with an ultra-low energy consumption of 2.83 fJ/bit. Furthermore, due to its mechanically operating mechanisms and radiation-robust structural material, the NEM-NVM retains its superb characteristics without radiation-induced degradation such as increased leakage current, threshold voltage shift, and unintended bit-flip even after 1 Mrad irradiation.
On the role of wave climate temporal variability in bias correction of wave climate projections
Authors: Loarca Andrea Lira , Berg Peter , Baquerizo Asuncion , Besio Giovanni 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This work presents the performance analysis of a multi-model ensembleof wave climate projections in the Mediterranean Sea against hindcastdata. The wave projections were developed with the numerical modelWavewatch III forced by surface wind fields of 17 EURO-CORDEXGCM-RCMs providing time series of the main wave parameters on a 3-hour and 10-km resolution. The performance of the wave GCM-RCMsimulations during the baseline period (1979 − 2005) was assessed bymeans of the deterministic metrics RM SE and Bias. Different biascorrection methodologies were analyzed by means of the application ofthe widespread Empirical Quantile Mapping method considering differ-ent temporal periods of significant wave height in order to analyze theability of the bias-correcting methods to capture the different wave cli-mate temporal scales ranging from storm events, monthly, seasonal andinterannual variability. The results show that the use of the EQM methodfor the full time series without taking into account other timescales,can lead to increased biases in some regions and seasons and that theuse of time-dependent bias-correction techniques leads to an improved accurate characterization of biases considering the interannual tempo-ral variability of significant wave height. More specifically the use of theEQM method for monthly data provides a good performance in capturingthe correlation and interannual temporal variability of wave climate.
Wide-field swept-source OCTA in the assessment of retinal microvasculature in early stage diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Wang Xiang-ning , Cai Xuan , Li Shi-wei , Li Tingting , Long Da , Wu Qiang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: To perform a quantitative analysis of retinal microvasculature in patients with early stage diabetic retinopathy (DR) using wide-field swept-source OCTA (SS-OCTA).Methods: 119 eyes of 119 patents (67 eyes with no DR and 52 eyes with mild-moderate NPDR) were enrolled in this observational and cross-sectional cohort study, and an age-matched group consisting of 39 eyes of 39 non-diabetic subjects were set as the control. Each participant underwent a full ophthalmic examination, including wide-field SS-OCTA imaging. On OCTA scans (12mm * 12mm), the mean perfusion area (PA) and vessel density (VD) were independently measured in all 16 Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) sectors. Linear regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the influences of PA.Results: In the central ring, there were no significant differences in the average PA and VD among the groups. In the 3 mm radius, the PA and VD of the no DR and mild-moderate NPDR were significant decreased compared with the control group in superior and inferior quadrants. In the wide-field scans (9 and 12mm radius), there was no significant difference in average PA and VD between the groups in each sectors (p>0.05). Regression analysis found that the effect of VD on PA was statistically different (p<0.001).Conclusion: Wide-field SS-OCTA allows for a more thorough assessment of retinal changes in patients with early-stage DR. Decrease in PA and VD was greater in the S3 and I3 sectors, and reductions in PA and VD were uneven in wide-filed sectors (9 and 12mm radius).
Performance Evaluation of Opportunistic Schedulers based on Fairness and Throughput in New Generation Mobile Networks
Authors: Ouwais Kabaou Mohamed , Nesrine Zoghlami , Hassen Hamouda , Fatma Baabou 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper is focused on the study of the allocation of radio resources using the scheduling and opportunistic techniques. This allows us to compare the quality of service afforded to each user when the types of traffic transmitted are highly heterogeneous and efficiently evaluate the performance of resource allocation algorithms and schedulers. Many scheduling algorithms are used for resource allocation and scheduling: Round Robin, MaxSNR and PF. The main objective of this research work is to analyze and develop the main performances relating to schedulers deployed by telecommunication operators. It should be noted that scheduling is a pri-modridial phase preceding the phase of allocation and allocation of radio resources in a mobile radio telecommunications system. We will focus in this paper on the major advantages and the contribution of opportunistic 1 Springer Nature 2021 L A T E X template M. Ouwais KABAOU et al. scheduling techniques in conjunction with classical approaches. This will further enable us to present recommendations allowing a notable gain in terms of resources for telecommunication operators for evaluation and improvement performances based on throughput and fairness.
Cyber-bullying among Sri Lankan children: Socio-demographic profile, psychosocial behavior pattern and impact of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Vadysinghe Amal Nishantha , Perera Isuru , Wickramasinghe Chathula , Darshika Sachinthani , Ekanayake Kasun Bandara , Thilakarathne Isuruni , Jayasooriya Dasun , Wijesiriwardena Yomal 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Cyber-bullying is a global issue in the current era. The main objective of this study was to identify the prevalence and determinants of cyber-bully victimization and to analyze the impact of COVID-19 pandemic. A self-reported questionnaire collected data from students aged 14–17 years in Sri Lanka in September 2020. Prevalence of any form of bullying in the cohort of 970 subjects was 4.3%, with 3.5% being subjected to cyber-bullying. While females (57.1%) were more frequently victimized than males, the main perpetrators were males (61.9%). Victims experienced bullying mainly through embarrassing or abusive media circulated via social media and majority was cyber-bullied outside school hours. Although the majority was in the opinion that incidents of cyber-bullying should be reported to adults, most of them divulged only to their friends. Despite the increase in online activity during COVID-19 pandemic, only 10.7% believed that there is a rise in cyber-bullying during this period.
Venomics of the scorpion Tityus ocelote (Scorpiones, Buthidae): Understanding venom evolution in the subgenus Archaeotityus
Authors: Díaz Cecilia , Chang-Castillo Arturo , Lomonte Bruno , Bonilla Fabián , Víquez Carlos , Alfaro-Chinchilla Adriana , Triana Felipe , Sasa Mahmood 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

The subgenusTityus (Archaeotityus)includes small variegated species considered until recently, a basal group withinTityus, one of the most diverse and medically relevant genera of scorpions in the New World.Archaeotityusspecies are distributed in the humid forests of Lower Central America and the Choco, Guiana Shield, and Amazon regions. Due to their size and habits,Archaeotityusspecies are not usually considered dangerous, however, there are some clinical reports that show otherwise. To contribute to the toxinological knowledge of these poorly explored species, we characterized the venom ofTityus ocelotefrom three localities in Costa Rica. In addition, we assessed the evolutionary relationships of putative sodium channel modulating peptides found in this species with those reported for other members of the genus, through a maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis based on their amino acid sequences. We observed the presence of homologs of previously identified NaTx from the speciesT. (Archaeotityus) clathratusand some other putative Na + and K + channel modulating peptides related to theT. bahiensisgroup. In addition, we sequenced some peptides related to toxins present in the venom of the subgenusAtreus, such as those reportedT. obscurus, T. pachyurus, and the Costa Rican endemic speciesT. dedoslargos. Our phylogenetic analysis suggests that the venom of thisArchaeotityusspecies is very complex and that some of the ion channel toxins expressed in it are related to distinct lineages within the genusTityus, which could represent a plesiomorphic condition conserved in this group of scorpions of the New World.
Early initiation of antiviral therapy improves cure of chronic hepatitis B in immune tolerant children: a real-world study
Authors: Li Jing , Fan Peiyao , Xu Zhiqiang , Dong Yi , Wang Fuchuan , Hong Weiguo , Zhao Jinfang , Gao Yinjie , Yan Jianguo , Cao Lili , Zhang Chao , Zhu Shishu , Zhong Yanwei , Wang Fu-sheng , Zhang Min 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
There has been a lack of reliable data to support that antiviral treatment can cure the immune tolerant (IT) children with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Therefore, this real-world observation study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of IT children with CHB on early initiation of antiviral treatment.
Methods
This study enrolled 48 patients with CHB who were divided into treated group (n = 32) and untreated group (n = 16), all of them completed a 36-month follow-up check. Patients in treated group received either interferon-α (IFN-α) monotherapy or IFN-α add-on NAs, or IFN-α combined with NAs therapy.
Results
There were 18 cured cases (56.25%) and 14 uncured cases (43.75%) according to the criterion of HBsAg loss at the end of 36 months on antiviral treatment. Simultaneously, there was a rapid dynamic reduction in viral load and almost complete viral suppression in the cured IT cases at the end of month 6 from baseline compared to uncured cases. Accordingly, the rates of HBeAg or HBsAg loss and seroconversion were significantly higher in cured children than those in uncured cases. Statistical analyses indicated that there was a close correlation of HBsAg loss with younger age and a higher number of peripheral lymphocytes in IT children with antiviral treatment.
Conclusion
Early initiation of antiviral therapy for IT children under 6 years of age may effectively improve the cure of them. In particular, the age of 1–3 years may represent a unique and rare window for optimized response to antiviral treatment among IT children with CHB.