bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Projektbericht zur Förderung wissenschaftlicher Kompetenzen im Fach Schmerzmedizin im Rahmen der curricularen Lehre
Authors: Dusch Martin , Mayer Manfred , Treede Rolf-Detlef , Fischer Martin R. , Berndt Markus 
Published: March 2022

Zusammenfassung
Zielsetzung
Die Vermittlung von Wissenschaftskompetenzen ist ein unverzichtbares Charakteristikum eines akademischen Medizinstudiums. Im Rahmen des Modellstudiengangs Mannheimer Reformiertes Curriculum für Medizin (MaReCuM) wurde die Lehrveranstaltung Wissenschaftliches Arbeiten im Fach Schmerzmedizin in das 5. Studienjahr implementiert. Die Ziele der Arbeit umfassen die Beschreibung dieser kompetenzorientierten Lehrveranstaltung sowie eine Evaluation der Lerneffekte der Lehrveranstaltung.

Methodik
114 Studierende haben sich an einer Fragebogenerhebung beteiligt. Die historische Kontrollgruppe absolvierte das 5. Studienjahr vor Einführung der Lehrveranstaltung. Die Interventionsgruppe nahm verpflichtend an der Lehrveranstaltung sowie an der realen Versorgungsforschungsstudie Case-Management-Programm Kreuzschmerzteil. In beiden Gruppen erfolgte eine Fragebogenerhebung zu schmerzmedizinischem Vorwissen und Interesse sowie zur Akzeptanz der Lehrveranstaltung und dem subjektiv wahrgenommenen Lernerfolg.

Ergebnisse
Die innovative und kompetenzorientierte Lehrveranstaltung konnte erfolgreich in das Curriculum des Modellstudiengangs implementiert und mit den Partnern in der Allgemeinmedizin und dem Mannheim Institute of Public Health wie geplant durchgeführt werden. Die Lehrveranstaltung wurde von den teilnehmenden Studierenden akzeptiert. In der begleitenden Evaluation hatte die Teilnahme an der Lehrintervention an und für sich keinen messbaren Einfluss auf den subjektiven Lernerfolg.

Diskussion
Unseres Wissens nach wurde dieser didaktische Ansatz in der curricularen Lehre bislang noch nicht verfolgt. Die vorgestellte Lehrveranstaltung eröffnet eine weitere Option zur Vermittlung von Wissenschaftskompetenzen im Rahmen des Medizinstudiums. Ein Effekt der Lehrveranstaltung auf den subjektiven Lernerfolg war in der untersuchten Form und am Ende des Moduls nicht messbar. Gründe dafür könnten in den vielfältigen und umfangreichen Vorerfahrungen der Studierenden des Modellstudiengangs MaReCuM sowie in Limitationen bei der Teilnahme an der realen Versorgungsforschungsstudie liegen. Durch die Verknüpfung der Lehrintervention mit anderen Lehrveranstaltungen zu einem longitudinalen Wissenschaftsmodul kann eine zusätzliche Lerngelegenheit im Bereich der Arztrolle des Gelehrten geschaffen werden. Die Implementierung der Lehrveranstaltung bietet darüber hinaus die Gelegenheit für vergleichende Untersuchungen zum Erwerb von Wissenschaftskompetenzen der Studierenden im Fach Humanmedizin.
Evidences of emerging pain consciousness during prenatal development: a narrative review
Authors: Falsaperla Raffaele , Collotta Ausilia Desiree , Spatuzza Michela , Familiari Maria , Vitaliti Giovanna , Ruggieri Martino 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The study of consciousness has always been considered a challenge for neonatologists, even more when considering the uterine period. Our review aimed to individuate at what gestational age the fetus, which later became a premature infant, can feel the perception of external stimuli. Therefore, the aim of our review was to study the onset of consciousness during the fetal life.

Materials and methods
A literature search was performed in Medline-PubMed database. We included all papers found with the following MeSH words: “consciousness or cognition or awareness or comprehension or cognitive or consciousness of pain” in combination with “embryo or fetus or fetal life or newborn.” Studies were selected if titles and/or abstracts suggested an association between formation of consciousness (the basics of neurodevelopment) and preterm infant or fetus. Titles and abstracts were first screened by three independent reviewers according to Cochrane Collaboration’s recommendations.

Results
From the literature review, we found only 8 papers describing the onset of consciousness in the transition period from fetus to premature newborn. Therefore, according to these papers, we temporally analyzed the formation of the thalamocortical connections that are the basis of consciousness.

Conclusions
We can conclude that from a neuroanatomical point of view, it is rather unlikely that the infant can be seen as a conscious human before 24 weeks of gestational age, thus before all the thalamocortical connections are established. Further literature data have to confirm this hypothesis.
Large-arena field cage releases of a candidate classical biological control agent for spotted wing drosophila suggest low risk to non-target species
Authors: Seehausen M. Lukas , Valenti Riccardo , Fontes João , Meier Michela , Marazzi Cristina , Mazzi Dominique , Kenis Marc 
Published: March 2022

AbstractClassical biological control, i.e., the introduction of natural enemies from an invasive pest’s area of origin, has been proposed repeatedly to control the spotted wing drosophila Drosophila suzukii in the Americas and in Europe. Results from surveys in Asia and laboratory experiments suggest the parasitoid G1 Ganaspis cf. brasiliensis as a suitable biological control agent. To study the host specificity of the parasitoid under semi-field conditions, we conducted large-arena field cage releases. Parasitoids were released into cages at three dates in August 2021 in two regions of Switzerland. Released parasitoids had the choice to parasitize either D. suzukii larvae in fresh fruits (blueberries or elderberries) or the non-target native species D. melanogaster in decomposing fruits. The results were unequivocal in that apparent parasitism of D. suzukii larvae feeding in fresh fruits was on average 15%, whereas only one parasitoid emerged from D. melanogaster feeding on decomposing fruits (0.02% parasitism). Thus, the results support findings from previous laboratory experiments that G1 G. cf. brasiliensis is highly specific to D. suzukii larvae feeding in fresh fruits and parasitism of the closely related D. melanogaster feeding on decomposing fruits is very rare. Because in its invaded range, D. suzukii is the only Drosophila species that can attack and develop in undamaged fresh fruits, we conclude that open field releases of the parasitoid G1 G. cf. brasiliensis should not pose significant risks to non-targets.
Reuse and maintenance practices among divergent forks in three software ecosystems
Authors: Businge John , Openja Moses , Nadi Sarah , Berger Thorsten 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWith the rise of social coding platforms that rely on distributed version control systems, software reuse is also on the rise. Many software developers leverage this reuse by creating variants through forking, to account for different customer needs, markets, or environments. Forked variants then form a so-called software family; they share a common code base and are maintained in parallel by same or different developers. As such, software families can easily arise within software ecosystems, which are large collections of interdependent software components maintained by communities of collaborating contributors. However, little is known about the existence and characteristics of such families within ecosystems, especially about their maintenance practices. Improving our empirical understanding of such families will help build better tools for maintaining and evolving such families. We empirically explore maintenance practices in such fork-based software families within ecosystems of open-source software. Our focus is on three of the largest software ecosystems existence today: , , and . We identify and analyze software families that are maintained together and that exist both on the official distribution platform (Google play, , and ) as well as on GitHub , allowing us to analyze reuse practices in depth. We mine and identify 38 software families, 526 software families, and 8,837 software families from the ecosystems of , , and , to study their characteristics and code-propagation practices. We provide scripts for analyzing code integration within our families. Interestingly, our results show that there is little code integration across the studied software families from the three ecosystems. Our studied families also show that techniques of direct integration using git outside of GitHub is more commonly used than GitHub pull requests. Overall, we hope to raise awareness about the existence of software families within larger ecosystems of software, calling for further research and better tools support to effectively maintain and evolve them.
Rethinking Explicit Consent and Intimate Data: The Case of Menstruapps
Authors: Alaattinoğlu Daniela 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPeriod-tracking software applications or ‘menstruapps’ have witnessed a surge in popularity in recent years. At the same time, many of them are a part of the adtech industry, using business models that create revenue by selling users’ personal and intimate data. This exploratory article brings menstruapps into a feminist legal debate. It investigates the supranational European legal standards on intimate and sensitive data processing, particularly the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Scrutinising explicit consent according to GDPR Article 9, this paper, through empirical examples, claims that current legal standards are not enforced. The standards are, furthermore, theoretically insufficient to fully safeguard data subjects’ integrity and autonomy. Instead of abandoning the concept, the article reimagines consent, using a contextual and communicative model where power relations are taken into consideration, building on the feminist concept of freedom to negotiate.
Effect of the particle size evolution on the hydrogen storage performance of KH doped Mg(NH2)2 + 2LiH
Authors: Gizer Gökhan , Karimi Fahim , Pistidda Claudio , Cao Hujun , Puszkiel Julian A. , Shang Yuanyuan , Gericke Eike , Hoell Armin , Pranzas P. Klaus , Klassen Thomas , Dornheim Martin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn recent years, many solid-state hydride-based materials have been considered as hydrogen storage systems for mobile and stationary applications. Due to a gravimetric hydrogen capacity of 5.6 wt% and a dehydrogenation enthalpy of 38.9 kJ/mol H2, Mg(NH2)2 + 2LiH is considered a potential hydrogen storage material for solid-state storage systems to be coupled with PEM fuel cell devices. One of the main challenges is the reduction of dehydrogenation temperature since this system requires high dehydrogenation temperatures (~ 200 °C). The addition of KH to this system significantly decreases the dehydrogenation onset temperature to 130 °C. On the one hand, the addition of KH stabilizes the hydrogen storage capacity. On the other hand, the capacity is reduced by 50% (from 4.1 to 2%) after the first 25 cycles. In this work, the particle sizes of the overall hydride matrix and the potassium-containing species are investigated during hydrogen cycling. Relation between particle size evolution of the additive and hydrogen storage kinetics is described by using an advanced synchrotron-based technique: Anomalous small-angle X-ray scattering, which was applied for the first time at the potassium K-edge for amide-hydride hydrogen storage systems. The outcomes from this investigation show that, the nanometric potassium-containing phases might be located at the reaction interfaces, limiting the particle coarsening. Average diameters of potassium-containing nanoparticles double after 25 cycles (from 10 to 20 nm). Therefore, reaction kinetics at subsequent cycles degrade. The deterioration of the reaction kinetics can be minimized by selecting lower absorption temperatures, which mitigates the particle size growth, resulting in two times faster reaction kinetics.
Reconstructing Social Relationships in a Post-Lockdown Suburban Area of Southern Italy Using Pastoral Counselling
Authors: Stizzi Antonio , Negrola Ester , Iacona Erika , Naglieri Maria , Scalici Giorgio , Testoni Ines 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The growing interest in spirituality has enabled numerous avenues of pastoral counselling support, which can be a useful resource for improving quality of life in the context of significant social deprivation. The aim of this research was to investigate the role of the spiritual dimension of pastoral support interventions created to help the inhabitants of a strongly deprived territory in Southern Italy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Eight people between the ages of 28 and 67 took part in the study. A qualitative research design was applied via online interviews with the participants, who were operators of a pastoral counselling service located on the outskirts of a suburban town. The main emergent themes were the importance of religiosity and spirituality in the lives of the participants, the role that these two aspects play in the lives of those who carry out activities devoted to helping others, and the ways in which these dimensions are used within support programmes responding to the needs of an area characterized by socioeconomic and psychosocial problems. The interviews revealed how pastoral counselling can be useful in situations of stress in highly deprived areas.
Multi-player electoral engineering and COVID-19 in the polish presidential elections in 2020
Authors: Flis Jarosław , Kaminski Marek 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe uniqueness of Poland’s experience with the 2020 coronavirus lays in the interplay of two factors: the decisive governmental response to the pandemic, and the overlap of the pandemic with the country’s presidential election scheduled on May 10, 2020. The government’s fast reaction, combined with the citizens’ discipline, resulted in the suppression of the virus’s spread. The ratings of the current President Duda skyrocketed well above 50% needed for re-election in the first round. However, the expectation was that they would be going down with the pandemic and lockdown fatigue. For almost two months, the government tried to organize the elections under the normal schedule while the opposition tried to block them. Finally, the opposition won, and the elections were rescheduled on June 28, with the President Duda’s ratings substantially lower. Nevertheless, in the runoff on July 11, Duda won. Our conclusion goes against the common opinion that electoral engineering is always one-sided. The reconstruction of the pre-electoral political maneuvers shows that many independent players were simultaneously involved in complex engineering, and that the final outcome was hard to predict until almost the very end.
Formal verification and validation of run-to-completion style state charts using Event-B
Authors: Morris K. , Snook C. , Hoang T. S. , Hulette G. , Armstrong R. , Butler M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractState chart notations with ‘run to completion’ semantics are popular with engineers for designing controllers that react to environment events with a sequence of state transitions but lack formal refinement and rigorous verification methods. State chart models are typically used to design complex control systems that respond to environmental triggers with a sequential process. The model is usually constructed at a concrete level and verified and validated using animation techniques relying on human judgement. Event-B, on the other hand, is based on refinement from an initial abstraction and is designed to make formal verification by automatic theorem provers feasible. Abstraction and formal verification provide greater assurance that critical (e.g. safety or security) properties are not violated by the control system. In this paper, we introduce a notion of refinement into a ‘run to completion’ state chart modelling notation and leverage Event-B’s tool support for theorem proving. We describe the difficulties in translating ‘run to completion’ semantics into Event-B refinements and suggest a solution. We illustrate our approach and show how models can be validated at different refinement levels using our scenario checker animation tools. We show how critical invariant properties can be verified by proof despite the reactive nature of the system and how behavioural aspects of the system can be verified by testing the expected reactions using a temporal logic, model checking approach. To verify liveness, we outline a proof that the run to completion is deadlock-free and converges to complete the run.
Robotic-assisted abdominal aortic surgery: evidence and techniques
Authors: Rusch René , Hoffmann Grischa , Rusch Melanie , Cremer Jochen , Berndt Rouven 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn various disciplines, robotic-assisted surgery is a well-proven routine procedure, but have never been established in vascular surgery so far. This review summarizes the results to date of robotic-assisted abdominal aortic surgery (RAAS) in the treatment of aorto-iliac occlusive disease (AIOD) and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Web-based literature search of robotic-assisted surgical procedures on the abdominal aorta and iliac arteries between 1990 and 2020 including the Cochrane Library, OVID Medline, Embase, and PubMed medical databases. All studies conducting Robotic-assisted surgery were included in the quantitative analysis regarding operative and cross-clamping times, conversion rates, mortality and morbidity within the first 30 days, and in-hospital stay. Case reports and case studies (< 5 patients) were not included. Twenty-four studies were deemed thematically eligible for inclusion; after exclusion of duplicate publications, nine met the inclusion criteria for further analysis. A total of 850 patients who had either abdominal aortic aneurysm or aorto-iliac occlusive disease underwent RAAS. One study of abdominal aortic aneurysm, three of aorto-iliac occlusive disease, and five studies of both disease entities were analyzed quantitatively. For AAA, conversion rates ranged from 13.1 to 20% and perioperative mortality ranged from 0 to 1.6% with in-hospital stay of 7 days. For aorto-iliac occlusive disease, conversion rates ranged from 0 to 20%, and perioperative mortality ranged from 0 to 3.6% with in-hospital stay of 5–8 days. RAAS has been shown to be technically feasible with acceptable short-term outcomes and questionable benefits in terms of in-hospital stay and complication rates. RAAS is currently considered only an outsider procedure. Randomized-controlled trials are indispensable for regular use in vascular surgery as well as a clear approval situation for the vascular sector.
Managerial overconfidence: promoter of or obstacle to organizational resilience?
Authors: Kunz Jennifer , Sonnenholzner Lara 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOrganizational resilience provides firms with the capability to face adverse circumstances successfully. Therefore, it constitutes an indispensable capability for each company. As indicated by Upper Echelon Theory, particularly executives and their personal traits exert a major impact on organizational capabilities, decision-making as well as action taking. Thus, they also should play an important role in promoting organizational resilience. However, so far literature lacks a comprehensive understanding regarding these relations. Accordingly, the present paper strives to add to such a comprehensive understanding with a particular focus on managerial overconfidence, one of the most widely and controversially discussed personality trait of executives. To pursue this goal, we develop a model comprising the relevant components of organizational resilience in terms of important resources, conduct a systematic literature review to identify the major corporate areas that are affected by managerial overconfidence and draw conclusions for the identified findings on the relation between organizational resilience and overconfidence. The analysis indicates a positive impact on social resources, a rather negative impact on procedural resources and a mixed impact on financial resources, where e.g. the effect on takeover activities is negative while the impact on financing preferences is at least partly positive. Moreover, the identified literature in large parts provides evidence regarding material resources, while social and procedural resources are covered to a lesser extent, indicating a need for further research.
Enhanced Recombinant Protein Production of Soluble, Highly Active and Immobilizable PNGase F
Authors: Kovács Noémi , Farsang Róbert , Szigeti Márton , Vonderviszt Ferenc , Jankovics Hajnalka 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHigh resolution analysis of N-glycans can be performed after their endoglycosidase mediated removal from proteins. N-glycosidase F peptide (PNGase F) is one the most frequently used enzyme for this purpose. Because of the significant demand for PNGase F both in basic and applied research, rapid and inexpensive methods are of great demand for its large-scale production, preferably in immobilizable form to solid supports or surfaces. In this paper, we report on the high-yield production of N-terminal 6His-PNGase F enzyme in a bacterial Escherichia coli SHuffle expression system. The activity profile of the generated enzyme was compared to commercially available PNGase F enzymes, featuring higher activity for the former. The method described here is thus suitable for the cost-effective production of PNGase F in an active, immobilizable form.
T-Type Calcium Channel Inhibitors Induce Apoptosis in Medulloblastoma Cells Associated with Altered Metabolic Activity
Authors: Sedeeq Mohammed , Maklad Ahmed , Dutta Taush , Feng Zikai , Wilson Richard , Gueven Nuri , Azimi Iman 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMedulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant paediatric brain tumour. In our previous studies, we developed a novel 3D assay for MB cells that was used to screen a panel of plasma membrane calcium channel modulators for their effect on the 3D growth of D341 MB cells. These studies identified T-type (CaV3) channel inhibitors, mibefradil and NNC-55–0396 (NNC) as selective inhibitors of MB cell growth. Mibefradil was originally approved for the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris, and recently successfully completed a phase I trial for recurrent high-grade glioma. NNC is an analogue of mibefradil with multiple advantages compared to mibefradil that makes it attractive for potential future clinical trials. T-type channels have a unique low voltage-dependent activation/inactivation, and many studies suggest that they have a direct regulatory role in controlling Ca2+ signalling in non-excitable tissues, including cancers. In our previous study, we also identified overexpression of CaV3.2 gene in MB tissues compared to normal brain tissues. In this study, we aimed to characterise the effect of mibefradil and NNC on MB cells and elucidate their mechanism of action. This study demonstrates that the induction of toxicity in MB cells is selective to T-type but not to L-type Ca2+ channel inhibitors. Addition of CaV3 inhibitors to vincristine sensitised MB cells to this MB chemotherapeutic agent, suggesting an additive effect. Furthermore, CaV3 inhibitors induced cell death in MB cells via apoptosis. Supported by proteomics data and cellular assays, apoptotic cell death was associated with reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and reduced ATP levels, which suggests that both compounds alter the metabolism of MB cells. This study offers new insights into the action of mibefradil and NNC and will pave the way to test these molecules or their analogues in pre-clinical MB models alone and in combination with vincristine to assess their suitability as a potential MB therapy.