bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plant communities in veredas: distribution of native tree/shrubby regeneration and of the invasive species Pinus caribaea Morelet
Authors: Soares Danúbia Magalhães , Nascimento André R. Terra , Silva Lorena Cunha , Oliveira Cláudio Henrique Eurípedes de , Morais Isa Lucia de 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis work aimed to identify: (1) heterogeneity patterns in veredas, considering tree/shrubby regeneration and chemical and physical characteristics of the soil; (2) how the vereda zones (edge, intermediate and core) can influence the tree/shrubby regeneration and (3) which microenvironmental characteristics determine the distribution of native tree/shrubby regenerants and of the invasive species Pinus caribaea Morelet. For this, we collected environmental and biophysical data and sampled the regeneration of tree/shrubby species in 30 plots in two different veredas. The moisture and chemical characteristics of the soil, and regeneration composition were similar among the vereda zones, but showed important variations among sample units. In addition to soil moisture, soil chemical elements and canopy coverage characteristics also formed environmental gradients. The native tree/shrubby species occupied different positions along the environmental gradient of the veredas. The invasive species P. caribaea was more concentrated in less declined sites, in more basic and more humid soils, together with most native species. In general, the results demonstrate the absence of clear zoning, as well as the importance of environmental heterogeneity and the control of biological invasion for the maintenance of native tree/shrub regeneration.
Implementation of routine first‐trimester combined screening for preeclampsia based on the Gaussian algorithm: A clinical effectiveness study
Authors: Mendoza Manel , Bonacina Erika , Serrano Berta , Ricart Marta , Martin Lourdes , Lopez‐Quesada Eva , Vives Angels , Maroto Anna , Garcia‐Manau Pablo , De Antonio Clementina , Tusquets Cristina , Moreano Gabriela , Armengol‐Alsina Mireia , Carreras Elena 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the routine first‐trimester screening for preeclampsia (PE) after being implemented in six Catalan maternities.MethodsParticipants in the reference group were recruited prospectively between October 2015 and September 2017. Participants in the study group were recruited retrospectively between November 2018 and May 2019, after implementing the screening program. PE risk was assessed between 11 + 0 and 13 + 6 weeks of gestation using the Gaussian algorithm combining maternal characteristics, mean arterial blood pressure, uterine artery pulsatility index, and maternal serum pregnancy‐associated plasma protein‐A. Women with a risk ≥1/137 were prescribed daily salicylic acid (150 mg) until 36 weeks of gestation.ResultsPreterm PE occurred in 30 of 2641 participants (1.14%) in the reference group, as compared with 18 of 2848 participants (0.63%) in the study group (OR: 0.55; 95% CI, 0.31–0.99; P = 0.045). In the reference group, 37 participants (1.40%) were admitted to ICU, as compared with 23 participants (0.81%) in the study group (OR: 0.57; 95% CI, 0.34–0.96; P = 0.035).ConclusionThe routine first‐trimester PE screening can be implemented in a public healthcare setting, leading to a significant reduction in the incidence of preterm PE and of maternal ICU admission.
Average maternal hemoglobin decline after first elective cesarean section compared to higher order cesarean sections
Authors: Michaan Nadav , Madar Dotan , Kern Guy , Cohen Aviad , Many Ariel , Yogev Yariv , Grisaru Dan , Laskov Ido 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionLower uterine segment scarring after cesarean section can decrease intraoperative bleeding during subsequent surgery. We examined whether first elective cesarean section is associated with greater average blood loss compared to repeated surgery.MethodsDecrease in maternal hemoglobin and hematocrit after surgery was retrospectively compared between three study groups, women in their first, second and third or more cesarean section. Surgery length and need for blood transfusion were also compared.ResultsOut of 9401 cases reviewed between January 2010 November 2020, 3917 had a first cesarean section, 3159 s cesarean section and 2325 had a third or more cesarean section. Hemoglobin and hematocrit drops were highest after first cesarean section (1.1 vs 1.0 vs 1.0 mg/dL, P < 0.001 and 3.3 vs 3.0, vs 2.9%, P < 0.001, respectively). Surgery length was significantly longer and more patients after third cesarean section required blood transfusions (2.5% vs 1.4% vs. 0.8%, P < 0.001). First cesarean section, younger age and BMI >35 were associated with increased hemoglobin drop in univariate and multivariate analysis.ConclusionsAlthough repeated cesarean section is associated with longer surgery and higher need for blood transfusion, average hemoglobin drop after first cesarean section is higher. Scarring of the lower uterine segment can explain this paradoxical finding.
Domesticating native grasses in New Zealand
Authors: Stewart Alan V. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNew Zealand produces no commercial seed of any native grass species. All grasses used in agriculture and turf have evolved on other continents, and most natives fail to compete in mown turf or grazed pasture. Is this simply because of a lack of research or the lack of native grazing animals, or is there something fundamentally different about the New Zealand flora? New Zealand has many indigenous species within genera containing known turf species such as Festuca, Poa, Agrostis, Deschampsia, and Zoysia, but most are rare in the modern landscape. After collecting and screening over 50 native species for potential use in turf or pasture, it was apparent that most lacked vigor; were unable to form a turf; had slow establishment, extended flowering periods, poor seed yields, seeds with long awns, or seed that shattered readily; or had other difficulties with harvesting. One of the native grasses that showed promise was Poa imbecilla Spreng., which formed a very fine turf and had seed production characteristics suitable for development as a commercial species. It established readily but was usually dominated by introduced species within a few years. A cultivar was developed from local material, ‘Stewarts’, which is suitable for fine turf and for native grass revegetation and is now in limited commercial production.
Diagnostic accuracy of glycogen phosphorylase BB for myocardial infarction: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Ghimire Anup , Giri Subarna , Khanal Niharika , Rayamajhi Shivani , Thapa Anjila , Bist Anil , Devkota Surya 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposeWe tried to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of glycogen phosphorylase BB as a cardiac marker for myocardial infarction.MethodsWe searched through different electronic databases (PubMed, Google‐scholar, Embase, and Cochrane Library) to locate relevant articles. Studies, with sufficient data to reconstruct a 2 × 2 contingency table, met our inclusion criteria were included. Three reviewers independently screened the articles. Discrepancies were resolved by other reviewers. Unpublished data were requested from the authors of the study via email. Subsequently, data extraction was done using a standardized form and quality assessment of studies using the QUADAS‐2 tool. Meta‐analysis was done using a bivariate model using R software.ResultsFourteen studies were selected for the final evaluation, which yielded the summary points: pooled sensitivity 87.77% (77.52%–93.72%, I2 = 86%), pooled specificity 88.45% (75.59%–94.99%, I2 = 88%), pooled DOR 49.37(14.53–167.72, I2 = 89%), and AUC of SROC was 0.923. The lambda value of the HSROC curve was 3.670. The Fagan plot showed that GPBB increases the pretest probability of myocardial infarction from 46% to 81% when positive, and it lowers the same probability to 12% when negative.ConclusionWith these results, we can conclude that GPBB has modest accuracy in screening myocardial infarction, but the limitations of the study warrant further high‐quality studies to confirm its usefulness in predicting myocardial infarction (MI).
Patient experiences and reported effectiveness of a multimodal short‐term pilot therapy group for veteran men with military sexual trauma
Authors: Yahalom Jonathan , Yarns Brandon C. , Clair Kimberly , Cloitre Marylene , Lang Ariel J. , Hamilton Alison B. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveDespite recognition of its prevalence and impact, little is known about treatment for veteran men with a history of military sexual trauma (MST). While research suggests that such veterans may suffer from gender‐based distress that poses unique treatment challenges, MST‐focused treatment draws upon contemporary PTSD best practices that may overlook gender. The current initial pilot study evaluated a multimodal, time‐limited men's MST group therapy that integrated exposure‐ and mindfulness‐based, psychoeducational, and psychodynamic group interventions.MethodThis study examined pre‐ and posttreatment data from patients who completed group treatment (n = 24). Three‐fourths of patients were 60 years or older, over 80% Black, Indigenous, People of Color. Assessment data were collected using the PTSD Checklist (PCL‐5), an adaptation of the Recovery Assessment Scale, and open‐ended written responses. Paired‐samples t tests and effect sizes (Hedge's g) were calculated. Indictive thematic analysis was used for qualitative analysis.ResultsQualitative and quantitative data showed improvements in shame, self‐forgiveness, and belonginess. There were significant reductions from pre‐ to posttreatment in total PCL‐5 score (g = −0.69) and all 4 symptom clusters (g = −0.51–−0.71), and significant improvements in 8 out of 10 recovery items (g = 0.44–2.46).ConclusionsMore research is needed to assess whether veteran men with a history of MST benefit from treatment that provides multimodal, multitheoretical interventions that address gender‐based symptoms in addition to PTSD. The results of this study support future research in a randomized controlled study.
Dental student's perceptions and experience treating adults with developmental disabilities
Authors: Cassim Nashat , Mylopoulos Maria , Campbell Karen , Dempster Laura 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of this study was to investigate the perceptions and experiences of dental students with regards to treating adults with developmental disabilities (AWDDs).MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with three groups of participants: experts who extensively work with AWDDs (n = 3), students who had no clinical training to treat AWDDs (n = 3), and students who had completed their clinical training to treat AWDDs (n = 8). One‐on‐one interviews were conducted in‐person or via video call with each participant. Interviews were transcribed, coded, and analyzed for themes.ResultsExperts described their motivations for working with AWDDs. Students in both groups identified the challenges of working with AWDDs and highlighted the impact of the informal curriculum as well as the increased importance of clinical training. Students who had received clinical training described the clinical rotation as a transformative learning experience that instilled a sense of health advocacy. There was alignment of themes between all three groups in terms of skills desired, acquired, and required to work with AWDDs; however, the students who had received clinical training and the experts differed on their opinion of the relative importance of the skills they developed.ConclusionsThe alignment of perceptions between students and experts is promising and demonstrates the successes of the existing curriculum. The misalignment between students and experts highlights areas in the curriculum that can be improved through adjustments and augmentation.
Effect of the response to preoperative treatment for hepatorenal syndrome on the outcome of recipients of living‐donor liver transplantation
Authors: Takahashi Ryugen , Akamatsu Nobuhisa , Nakazawa Akiko , Nagata Rihito , Ichida Akihiko , Kawaguchi Yoshikuni , Ishizawa Takeaki , Kaneko Junichi , Arita Junichi , Hasegawa Kiyoshi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe effect of pretransplant hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) on the outcomes of living‐donor liver transplantation (LDLT) recipients with special reference to the recovery of HRS before LDLT was investigated.MethodsThe rate of HRS was 43.9% (125/285) among the cohort, and the subjects were divided into three groups: those without HRS (No‐HRS group, n = 160), those with HRS but recovered following pretransplant renal function restoration treatment (Responders group, n = 55), and those with persistent HRS (Non‐responders group, n = 70).ResultsWhile the 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year patient survival rates were comparable between those with and without HRS (89.6%, 84.7%, and 84.7% vs 95.6%, 92.2%, and 87.5%), the cumulative incidence of the development of posttransplant chronic kidney disease (CKD) was significantly higher in those with HRS (P < .001). In addition, there was a significant difference between Responders and Non‐responders in the development of CKD (P = .01). In the Cox regression model, Non‐responders (P = .032, HR 1.79 [95% C.I. 1.05‐3.03]) and recipient age (P = .014, HR 1.62 [95% C.I. 1.10‐2.37]) were independent predictors for the development of CKD after LDLT.ConclusionLiving‐donor liver transplantation is safe and effective for patients with HRS, and CKD progression could be reduced among those with HRS who responded to renal restoration treatment.
Comparative analyses of small molecule and antibody inhibition on glycoprotein‐mediated entry of Měnglà virus with other filoviruses
Authors: Cooper Laura , Galvan Achi Jazmin , Rong Lijun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe ability of viruses in the Filoviridae family (Ebola virus [EBOV] and Marburg virus [MARV]) to cause severe human disease and their pandemic potential makes all emerging filoviral pathogens a concern to humanity. Měnglà virus (MLAV) belonging to the new genus Dianlovirus was recently discovered in the liver of bats from Měnglà County, Yunnan Province, China. The capacity of MLAV to utilize NPC1 as an endosomal receptor, to transduce mammalian cells, and suppress IFN response suggests that this potential pathogen could cause human illness. Despite great effort by researchers, only the viral genome has been recovered and isolation of live MLAV had been unsuccessful. Here using a pseudovirus model baring the MLAV glycoprotein (GP), we studied the protease dependence of the MLAV‐GP, and the ability of small molecules and antibodies to inhibit MLAV viral entry. Like EBOV and MARV, the MLAV‐GP requires proteolytic processing but like MARV it does not depend on cathepsin B activity for viral entry. Furthermore, previously discovered small‐molecule inhibitors and antibodies are MLAV inhibitors and show the possibility of developing these inhibitors as broad‐spectrum filovirus antivirals. Overall, the findings in the study confirmed that MLAV viral entry is biologically distinct but has similarities to MARV.
KRAS mutation allele frequency threshold alters prognosis in right‐sided resected pancreatic cancer
Authors: Nauheim David , Moskal David , Renslo Bryan , Chadwick Matthew , Jiang Wei , Yeo Charles J. , Nevler Avinoam , Bowne Wilbur , Lavu Harish 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundNext‐generation sequencing (NGS) provides information on genetic mutations and mutant allele frequency in tumor specimens. We investigated the prognostic significance of KRAS mutant allele frequency in patients with right‐sided pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) treated with surgical resection.MethodsA retrospective study reviewed patients who underwent surgical resection for PDAC and analyzed tumors with an in‐house mutational panel. Microdissected samples were studied using an NGS‐based assay to detect over 200 hotspot mutations in 42 genes (Pan42) commonly involved in PDAC.ResultsA total of 144 PDAC right‐sided surgical patients with a Pan42 panel were evaluated between 2015 and 2020; 121 patients (84%) harbored a KRAS mutation. Detected mutant allele frequencies were categorized as less than 20% (low mKRAS, n = 92) or greater than or equal to 20% (high mKRAS, n = 29). High mKRAS (KRAS ≥ 20%) patients were noted to have shorter disease‐free survival after surgery (11.5 ± 2.1 vs. 19.5 ± 3.5 months, p = 0.03), more advanced tumor stage (p = 0.02), larger tumors (3.6 vs. 2.7 cm, p = 0.001), greater tumor cellularity (26% vs. 18%, p = 0.001), and higher rate of distant recurrence (p = 0.03) than low mKRAS patients.ConclusionThis study demonstrates the importance of KRAS mutant allele frequency on pathological characteristics and prognosis in right‐sided PDAC treated with surgery.
“Looking sharp”: Price typeface influences awareness of spending in mobile payment
Authors: Park Jaewoo , Velasco Carlos , Spence Charles 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe investigate whether the typeface used to display the purchase amount in the context of mobile payment influences consumers' awareness of spending. The evidence suggests that prices displayed in angular (vs. round) typeface increase the awareness of spending in the context of mobile payment via the perceived harshness of the typeface and the experienced pain of payment (Studies 1–3, 5, and 6). Angular (vs. round) typeface also has downstream consequences for payment behavior, indicating that the amount displayed with the angular typeface increases the hesitation to press the “pay” button (Studies 2 and 6). Our results also demonstrate that the typeface effect on the awareness of spending is moderated by the purchase amount (Study 3). The robust typeface effect documented for Japanese participants (Studies 1–3) is not observed in North Americans (Studies 4 and 5), highlighting the role of culture. Finally, we replicate the price typeface effect (Studies 1–3) in a situation that is closer to the context of real mobile shopping and demonstrate that price typeface impact people's willingness to spend on the next grocery shop (Study 6). Our research contributes to the scarce literature on addressing the profligacy issues associated with mobile payments and broadly cashless payments.
A picture says more than a thousand words: Using consumer neuroscience to study instagram users' responses to influencer advertising
Authors: Pozharliev Rumen , Rossi Dario , De Angelis Matteo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCompanies are increasingly relying on influencer marketing as a relevant pillar of their marketing communication strategy. It is therefore of vital importance to practitioners to understand better under what conditions a larger number of followers can trigger more positive responses in consumers than a smaller number and vice versa. Through a laboratory study, the authors recorded simultaneously eye‐tracking and electroencephalogram data from 109 participants to test the research question with a 2 (type of influencer: micro vs. meso) × 2 (argument quality: weak vs. strong) between‐subject design using mediated moderated linear regression analysis. The results highlight that the photo of the influencer using the product attracts more attention (i.e., fixation percentage) in the weak (vs. strong) argument quality only for micro‐ and not for meso‐influencers. Moreover, we found a statistically significant index of moderated mediation through the level of attention, which suggests that the percentage of fixations on the photo mediates the joint effect of influencer type and argument quality on behavioral activation system (BAS). Specifically, we found that when the advertising post presents weak argument quality the enhanced attention to the photo of the micro‐influencer leads to an increase in the BAS, with possible implications on advertising effectiveness and online message design. Our findings offer important theoretical and practical contributions to the influencer marketing domain by showing how the different verbal and visual elements of influencer posts affect Instagram users' responses to such posts.
Regulating datafication and platformization: Policy silos and tradeoffs in international platform inquiries
Authors: Popiel Pawel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA key concern in international policy debates about articulating oversight of digital platform markets involves policy silos, arising from the scope of platformization and datafication, and the challenges in defining their policy boundaries and coordinating a comprehensive policy response. This article examines how policymakers grapple with the problem by looking at a growing number of expert inquiries on digital platforms—a proxy for the international policy debate—that focus on policy problems ranging from market dominance and privacy risks to the spread of disinformation. Specifically, the article develops a schema of related policy silos and tradeoffs that arise in these debates: (1) policy area silos, (2) market/sectoral silos, (3) temporal silos, and (4) normative tradeoffs. Then, it critically examines the implications of these silos and tradeoffs for policy interventions aimed at addressing concerns related to datafication and platformization, raising key questions about the scope of and assumptions underlying platform regulation internationally and noting the way they constrain policy design and thwart more holistic policy solutions.
Greener extraction‐chemical modification‐polymerization pipeline of vernolic acid from Ethiopian ironweed plant
Authors: d'Almeida Gameiro Mariana , Jacob Philippa L. , Kortsen Kristoffer , Ward Thomas , Taresco Vincenzo , Stockman Robert A. , Chebude Yonas , Howdle Steven M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEpoxidized oils are commonly used in the plastics industry as additives in the formulation of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and as monomers in the coating industry. They are produced from petrochemical feedstocks or by chemical epoxidation of natural oils. Currently, the synthesis processes of these materials are expensive, utilize volatile organic solvents and hazardous oxidants, which are unfavorable for the environment. There is a need to find natural epoxidized oils. Vernonia galamensis (ironweed) is a plant found in abundance in Ethiopia with no commercial value, but its seeds contain 40 wt% epoxide rich triglycerides. V. galamensis oil contains up to 80 wt% of vernolic acid (VA), a mono‐unsaturated fatty acid with an additional epoxide functionality. The presence of alkene and epoxide(oxirane) groups offers excellent opportunities to synthesize new building blocks for polymerisations. Here, we report a green and efficient extraction methodology (up to 80% of extraction‐efficiency) of the triglyceride vernonia oil from V. galamensis using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2). We then report the synthesis of a series of polymerisable monomers (conversion in monomers 64%–99%) based on the VA obtained from the saponification process. Finally, the novel monomers are polymerized into different polymers through polycondensation using a mixture of metal‐based and enzyme catalysts.