bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How statutory duties shape the decision making of an economic regulator: insights from the energy regulatory community, past and present
Authors: HARKER MICHAEL , READER DAVID 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis article is concerned with how statutory duties structure regulatory decisions. Rather than focusing on the role of the courts, we explore statutory interpretation by a regulator as a quasi‐autonomous exercise, with external influences and internal norms and customs. To investigate this further, we conducted a series of semi‐structured elite interviews with senior members of the energy ‘regulatory community’, past and present. Energy regulation has been selected as a case study due to the controversies in recent years over the legitimate limits of economic regulation, as successive governments have imposed broader public interest goals on the regulator, resulting in a proliferation of statutory objectives. This increased complexity has arguably obscured the appropriate contours and rationales of economic regulation. Nevertheless, it is unrealistic to completely separate regulatory policy and politics.
Time cannot heal all wounds: Wealth trajectories of divorcees and the married
Authors: Kapelle Nicole 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo explore disparities in wealth trajectories between divorcees and continuously married individuals including moderation effects of remarriage and gender.BackgroundAmid concerns of long‐term economic consequences of divorce, research illustrated that ever‐divorced individuals hold less wealth than the married preretirement. However, it remains unclear whether this is a direct result of immediate, lasting divorce‐related wealth penalties or whether divorce also leads to long‐term wealth accumulation disparities.MethodUsing personal‐level, longitudinal wealth data from the Socio‐Economic Panel Study, I applied propensity score and exact matching with random‐effects growth models to compare wealth trajectories of divorcees and the married. The matching allowed (1) married controls to be assigned a theoretical divorce date for ease of comparability to the treatment group (i.e., divorcees) and (2) the account of a wide range of baseline differences.ResultsWealth differences between ever‐divorce and continuously married individuals stem from lasting disadvantage—particularly for housing wealth—generated immediately around divorce rather than a scarring of divorcees' wealth accumulation. Remarriage but particularly gender is relevant moderators. Whereas remarriage moderates net wealth trajectories through housing wealth, gender moderates trajectories through financial wealth.ConclusionDivorce importantly contributes to wealth stratification. Mitigation of divorce‐related wealth penalties for both men and women needs to focus on immediate, but lasting costs of divorce particularly regarding homeownership.
Diagnostic accuracy of immunohistochemistry compared with molecular tests for detection of BRAF V600E mutation in ameloblastomas: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Martins‐de‐Barros Allan Vinícius , Anjos Raíssa Soares dos , Silva Caio César Gonçalves , Silva Emanuel Dias de Oliveira e , Araújo Fábio Andrey da Costa , Carvalho Marianne de Vasconcelos 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this systematic review with meta‐analysis was to critically evaluate the available data on sensitivity and specificity of IHC compared with molecular tests in the detection of BRAF V600E mutation in ameloblastomas.Materials and methodsThis systematic review was performed based on the PRISMA statement and registered in Prospero (CRD42021259117). PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for observational studies to answer the question “What is the diagnostic accuracy of immunohistochemistry compared with molecular tests for the diagnosis of BRAF V600E mutation in ameloblastomas?”. Methodological quality and risk of bias assessment of the selected studies were based on the QUADAS‐2. Meta‐analysis based on hierarchical SROC curve model and summary measures for sensitivity and specificity were computed.ResultsA total of 226 records were found, but only 05 articles met the inclusion criteria, with 277 FFPE specimens of ameloblastoma included in the quantitative analysis. The sensitivity of the IHC compared to molecular tests ranged from 0.71 to 1.00, while all of the included studies showed perfect specificity (1.00). Pooled measures for sensitivity and specificity were 0.95 [95% CI 0.89, 1.00] and 1.00 [95% CI 0.95, 1.00], respectively. The diagnostic odds ratio was 4.05, and the AUC for SROC curve was calculated as 0.979.ConclusionsBRAF V600E‐specific IHC using VE1 antibody showed extremely high sensitivity and specificity when compared with molecular tests in the detection of the mutation in ameloblastomas.
Clinical and immunological features of chronic ulcerative stomatitis: A systematic review
Authors: Schroeder Franciane Maria Machado , Palma Victor de Mello , Rados Pantelis Varvaki , Visioli Fernanda 
Published: January 2022

AbstractChronic ulcerative stomatitis (CUS) is a rare disease of the mucous membranes with characteristics similar to other autoimmune diseases. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the literature to recover all reported cases of CUS in order to summarize what are the clinical, demographic, microscopic, immunological features of CUS and its therapeutic response to different drugs. A systematic review of the literature was carried out following the statements of preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses (PRISMA). The searches were performed in the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, LILACS, Opengrey, and Google scholar. Inclusion criteria were articles or abstracts reporting at least one case with a final diagnosis of CUS. A total of 696 records were identified through databases, and 25 studies were selected reporting 81 cases. CUS affects more females (92%), and a greater number of cases are reported in Caucasian patients (53%). The age of patients ranged from 20 to 86 years with a mean age of 60 years (±13.86), and 15% of cases reported concomitantly skin lesions. The clinical and histopathological characteristics of CUS are very similar to those of oral lichen planus. The direct immunofluorescence (DIF) remains the gold‐standard diagnostic resource and was performed in 69 cases, revealing a dotted pattern of deposition of stratified epithelium‐specific antibodies (SES‐ANA). The serum of 38 patients was collected for the performance of the indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), and the use of epithelial substrates such as monkey and guinea pig esophagus often resulted in positive SES‐ANA IgG. Most patients were treated with antimalarials, and the treatment of choice that proved to be effective is hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). This entity must be considered in the differential diagnosis of other autoimmune diseases, as it may be underreported.
Migration of older persons seeking care in Thailand
Authors: Bhula‐or Ruttiya , Chimmamee Montakarn , Osatis Chadatan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDominant cultural views and norms in Asia indicate that elder care should be met within the family. However, little is known about the migratory patterns of older adults seeking care in non‐institutional settings. This study investigates older adults' migration patterns and factors that affect their decisions to seek care in home‐based facilities. We employed an explanatory‐sequential approach, using two data sets: (1) Thai National Migration Surveys in Thailand for 2016, 2017, and 2018, and (2) in‐depth interviews with 20 older adults who migrated for care. Our findings indicate that elderly migration for care in home‐based settings is a strategy used by households to meet the care needs of older individuals. Age group, marital status, education, gender, health, family structure, family attachments, and the capacity of destination caregivers to provide care were significant factors influencing the likelihood of moving for care. The findings support the new economics of labor migration paradigm in minimizing the risk of households. Additionally, they demonstrate that an ecological framework can be expanded beyond their geographical boundaries through familial connections and the concept of aging in place.
Making asylum work? Civic stratification and labor‐related regularization among rejected asylum seekers in Germany
Authors: Jonitz Elina , Leerkes Arjen 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRejected asylum seekers often do not return to their countries of origin and face precarious living conditions in destination countries. Taking Germany as a strategic case, we investigate whether labor‐related regularization, or “laborization,” may serve as a solution for such migrants. We analyze the factors determining access to such regularization and how labor‐related regularization relates to migrants' needs and aspirations. Based on extensive desk research and interviews with stakeholders, including (rejected) asylum seekers in Stuttgart, we find that laborization provides resourceful and “deserving” individuals with valuable opportunities to realize their aspirations, but it is insufficient to fully address non‐deportability.
Clinical features of detrusor underactivity in elderly men without neurological disorders
Authors: Kiba Keisuke , Akashi Yasunori , Yamamoto Yutaka , Hirayama Akihide , Fujimoto Kiyohide , Uemura Hirotsugu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the clinical features of detrusor underactivity (DU) in elderly men without neurological disorders.MethodsA total of 336 men aged ≥50 years without neurogenic disorders who underwent pressure flow studies and who had DU or bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) were reviewed retrospectively. According to the bladder contractility index (BCI) and the BOO index (BOOI), the subjects were classified into the following three groups: (a) pure DU group, BCI < 100 and BOOI < 40; (b) DU + BOO group, BCI < 100 and BOOI ≥ 40; and (c) pure BOO group, BCI ≥ 100 and BOOI ≥ 40. Subjective and objective parameters were compared among the three groups, and the predictors for pure DU were evaluated by multivariate analysis.ResultsOf the 336 patients, 205 who met the study criteria were included in the analysis: 63 (30.7%) with pure DU, 48 (23.4%) with DU + BOO, and 94 (45.9%) with pure BOO. The proportion of the pure DU group increased with increasing age. Prostate volume was the lowest in the pure DU group. Frequency, urgency on the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and the IPSS storage subscore were the lowest in the pure DU group. Multivariate analysis showed that age (odds ratio [OR] 1.114 [95% CI, 1.032‐1.203], P = .005), prostate volume (OR 0.968 [95% CI, 0.949‐0.987], P = .001), and urgency (OR 0.623 [95% CI, 0.431‐0.900], P = .012) were predictors of pure DU.ConclusionOlder age, smaller prostate volume, and less urgency may be clinical features of pure DU.
Vmeasur: A software package for experimental and clinical measurement of mesenteric lymphatic contractile function over an extended vessel length
Authors: Russell Peter S. , Hucklesby James J. W. , Hong Jiwon , Cao Enyuan , Trevaskis Natalie L. , Angel Catherine E. , Windsor John A. , Phillips Anthony R. J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveConventionally, in vivo mesenteric lymphatic contractile function is measured using a high magnification transmission microscope (field of view 0.3–1.5 mm), which precludes visualization of extended lengths of vessels embedded in mesenteric fat. Existing software is not optimized for imaging at a low magnification using a contrast agent. We aimed to develop a simple and clinically transferable method for in situ visualization, image analysis, and quantitative assessment of mesenteric lymphatic contractile function over an extended area.MethodsSubserosal injection of various blue dyes was taken up by mesenteric lymphatics and visualized under a stereomicroscope (25×), allowing for video recording of 1.4 × 1.1 cm of intact mesentery. A new R package (“vmeasur”) that combines multiple high‐performance image analyses into a single workflow was developed. The edges of each vessel were determined by applying an automated threshold to each frame (with real‐time manual verification). The vessel width at every point in each frame was plotted to provide contractile parameters over time and along the lymphatic vessel length.ResultsContractile parameters and their differences along the length of the vessel were accurately calculated in a rodent model. In a human mesenteric lymphatic, the algorithm was also able to measure changes in diameter over length.ConclusionThis software offers a low cost, rapid, and accessible method to measure lymphatic contractile function over a wide area, showing differences in contractility along the length of a vessel. Because the presence of mesenteric fat has less of an impact on imaging, due to the use of an exogenous contrast agent, there is potential for clinical application.
Disposition: An Approachable Ontology
Authors: Prelock Aaron R 
Published: January 2022

AbstractReformed Scholastic John Owen's appropriation and adaptation of Thomas Aquinas’ development of the classical ‘disposition’ (Latin: habitus) concept offers practical insight into seventeenth century faculty psychology. This article argues that Owen not only borrows deliberately from Aquinas, he also attempts to simplify and even improve upon Aquinas’ more complicated theological, philosophical, and psychological insights in this important area. While he deals with dispositions of the mind, will, and affections in a way that is broadly similar to Aquinas’ ontological understanding, Owen's most significant contribution to seventeenth century faculty psychology and its theological use is a sustained and consistent emphasis on the necessity of virtuous affections in the pursuit of communion with God. Examining this concept also provides greater context for how the Reformed Scholastics were able to interact with their medieval counterparts. In this we see the Reformed Scholastics’ continuity with the Christian tradition and their depth of understanding regarding human nature.
Epigenomic and structural events preclude recombination in Brassica napus
Authors: Boideau Franz , Richard Gautier , Coriton Olivier , Huteau Virginie , Belser Caroline , Deniot Gwenaelle , Eber Frédérique , Falentin Cyril , Ferreira de Carvalho Julie , Gilet Marie , Lodé‐Taburel Maryse , Maillet Loeiz , Morice Jérôme , Trotoux Gwenn , Aury Jean‐Marc , Chèvre Anne‐Marie , Rousseau‐Gueutin Mathieu 
Published: January 2022

Summary

Meiotic recombination is a major evolutionary process generating genetic diversity at each generation in sexual organisms. However, this process is highly regulated, with the majority of crossovers lying in the distal chromosomal regions that harbor low DNA methylation levels. Even in these regions, some islands without recombination remain, for which we investigated the underlying causes.

Genetic maps were established in two Brassica napus hybrids to detect the presence of such large nonrecombinant islands. The role played by DNA methylation and structural variations in this local absence of recombination was determined by performing bisulfite sequencing and whole genome comparisons. Inferred structural variations were validated using either optical mapping or oligo fluorescence in situ hybridization.

Hypermethylated or inverted regions between Brassica genomes were associated with the absence of recombination. Pairwise comparisons of nine B. napus genome assemblies revealed that such inversions occur frequently and may contain key agronomic genes such as resistance to biotic stresses.

We conclude that such islands without recombination can have different origins, such as DNA methylation or structural variations in B. napus. It is thus essential to take into account these features in breeding programs as they may hamper the efficient combination of favorable alleles in elite varieties.
A systematic scoping review of the literacy literature to develop a digital food and nutrition literacy model for low‐income adults to make healthy choices in the online food retail ecosystem to reduce obesity risk
Authors: Consavage Stanley Katherine , Harrigan Paige B. , Serrano Elena L. , Kraak Vivica I. 
Published: January 2022

SummaryAdults with lower incomes are disproportionately affected by poverty, food insecurity, obesity, and diet‐related non‐communicable diseases (NCDs). In 2020–2021 amid the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) expanded the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Online Purchasing Pilot program to enable eligible participants to purchase groceries online in 47 states. This expansion underscores the need for SNAP adults to have digital literacy skills to make healthy dietary choices online. Currently, a digital literacy model does not exist to help guide USDA nutrition assistance policies and programs, such as SNAP. We conducted a systematic scoping review of the academic and gray literature to identify food, nutrition, health, media, financial, and digital literacy models. The search yielded 40 literacy models and frameworks that we analyzed to develop a Multi‐dimensional Digital Food and Nutrition Literacy (MDFNL) model with five literacy levels (i.e., functional, interactive, communicative, critical, and translational) and a cross‐cutting digital literacy component. Utilization of the MDFNL model within nutrition assistance policies and programs may improve cognitive, behavioral, food security, and health outcomes and support equity, well‐being, digital inclusion, and healthy communities to reduce obesity and NCD risks.
Quantification of Helicobacter pylori and its oncoproteins in the oral cavity: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Sekar Ramya , Murali Preethi , Junaid Mohammed 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo identify Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and related oncogenic and virulent proteins (CagA and VacA) in patients with gingivitis, periodontitis, oral cancer and gastric cancer.MethodsSubgingival plaque samples were collected from 90 individuals with either gingivitis/periodontitis (group A, n = 30), oral cancer (group B, n = 30) and gastric cancer (group C, n = 30). H. pylori was identified by real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). The virulent organisms were detected by identification of proteins CagA and VacA through Enzyme Linked Immuno‐Sorbent Assay (ELISA).ResultsWe identified the presence of H. pylori in subgingival plaque samples among a large majority (76/90) of our study cohort. The proportions of CagA and VacA identified among H. pylori individuals with periodontal inflammation and oral cancer were lower than those diagnosed with gastric cancer. Furthermore, the relative risk of oral cancer based on the presence of the organism was no different to those with gingivitis/periodontitis.ConclusionThe findings of our study do not indicate significant association between the organism and oral cancer, but preludes that the oral cavity could act as a potential niche for H. pylori. The possibility for CagA and VacA proteins to be pathogenic in oral cavity is highly possible and must be researched extensively.
Immune mechanisms in oral lichen planus
Authors: El‐Howati Asma , Thornhill Martin H. , Colley Helen E. , Murdoch Craig 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOral lichen planus (OLP) is a T cell‐mediated inflammatory disease of the oral mucosa that has been extensively researched over many years but as yet the mechanisms of pathogenesis are still not fully understood. Whilst the specific aetiological factors driving OLP remain ambiguous, evidence points to the development of a chronic, dysregulated immune response to OLP‐mediating antigens presented by innate immune cells and oral keratinocytes leading to increased cytokine, chemokine and adhesion molecule expression. These molecules recruit T cells and mast cells to the diseased site and orchestrate a complex interplay between cells that culminates in keratinocyte cell death, mucosal basement membrane destruction and long‐term chronicity of the disease. The main lymphocytes involved are thought to be CD8+ cytotoxic and CD4+ Th1 polarised T cells although recent evidence indicates the involvement of other Th subsets such as Th9, Th17 and Tregs, suggesting that a more complex immune cell relationship exists during the disease process. This review provides an overview of the immune mechanisms at play in OLP pathogenesis with particular emphasis on the role of the different Th subsets and how these recent discoveries may guide research towards identifying potential therapeutic targets.
Genome survey sequencing of wild cotton (Gossypium robinsonii) reveals insights into proteomic responses of pollen to extreme heat
Authors: Masoomi‐Aladizgeh Farhad , Kamath Karthik Shantharam , Haynes Paul A. , Atwell Brian J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHeat stress specifically affects fertility by impairing pollen viability but cotton wild relatives successfully reproduce in hot savannas where they evolved. An Australian arid‐zone cotton (Gossypium robinsonii) was exposed to heat events during pollen development then mature pollen was subjected to deep proteomic analysis using 57 023 predicted genes from a genomic database we assembled for the same species. Three stages of pollen development, including tetrads (TEs), uninucleate microspores (UNs) and binucleate microspores (BNs) were exposed to 36°C or 40°C for 5 days and the resulting mature pollen was collected at anthesis (p‐TE, p‐UN and p‐BN, respectively). Using the sequential windowed acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra proteomic analysis, 2704 proteins were identified and quantified across all pollen samples analysed. Proteins predominantly decreased in abundance at all stages in response to heat, particularly after exposure of TEs to 40°C. Functional enrichment analyses demonstrated that extreme heat increased the abundance of proteins that contributed to increased messenger RNA splicing via spliceosome, initiation of cytoplasmic translation and protein refolding in p‐TE40. However, other functional categories that contributed to intercellular transport were inhibited in p‐TE40, linked potentially to Rab proteins. We ascribe the resilience of reproductive processes in G. robinsonii at temperatures up to 40°C, relative to commercial cotton, to a targeted reduction in protein transport.
Alternative societal models of peace education and innovation in the knowledge society1
Authors: Vorkunova Olga A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis article, a work in progress at the time of the author’s passing in 2021, seeks to explain how knowledge, organizational forms, and societal institutions interact to shape peace education and innovative learning capabilities. It focuses on peace education and training systems, and types of organizations as key societal institutions shaping work organization and the knowledge base of the universities. Its central premise is that tacit knowledge, which is difficult to create and transfer in the absence of social interaction and people’s mobility during pandemic circumstances, constitutes a most important source of learning and sustainable competitive advantage in the knowledge society. Institutions that can harness tacit knowledge as a source of learning are more likely to produce strong innovative capabilities. The analysis suggests that there are two alternative models of competence‐building which are especially favorable to learning and innovation, and examines cases of peace education as illustrative examples. It argues that societies with different institutional arrangements will continue to develop a variety of organizational forms and learning strategies that privilege some sectors and discourage others. Institutionalized variation in patterns of learning and innovation therefore reproduces distinctive regional or national patterns of specialization.