bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human capital futures: an educational perspective
Authors: Bottrill Chris 
Published: May 2022

PurposeEducation institutions can be slow to react to the changes that are happening in human capital development content and delivery. This article highlights some of the shifts that robotics, artificial intelligence (AI) and access to information are having on jobs in tourism and the future of work. It explores the ways in which the tourism education sector can respond.Design/methodology/approachThis paper draws upon content shared at several conferences and webinars addressing the future of work and the education delivery methods from experts and commentators on the subject. This was augmented by research conducted by global tourism associations, the World Economic Forum and other global associations and supported with secondary data from recent media and online content providers.FindingsBy highlighting emerging trends in the sector and skills to thrive in the fourth industrial revolution, we can identify what education should focus on during this period of transition and uncertainty. We need to capitalize on the digital delivery skills we have developed due to COVID-19 and build new content and accessible learning approaches.Originality/valueThere are many uncertainties about the future of work and the way that a rapidly digitized education delivery approach has and will affect tourism education in the future. This article is aimed to generate further thought and dialogue by identifying changes and raising points about what we are effective at in public post-secondary education and what we need to capitalize on and adapt to in the future. The core question posed is that if the tourism and hospitality workforce and work environment has changed, has, or can, tourism and hospitality training and education change as well?
PhD students as boundary spanning agents: an exploration of student values, goals, and agency in the era of cross-sector permeation
Authors: Mars Matthew M. , Moravec Bryan G. 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
Market forces and other external pressures have significantly transformed higher education over the past four decades. Research on the influence of cross-sector permeation on doctoral education has primarily focused on preparing and socializing students for academic careers that involve entrepreneurial activity. Conversely, PhD student agency involving cross-sector engagement and the pursuit of individual values and goals in ways that span the boundaries of academia have been overlooked. The purpose of this study is to qualitatively explore how a sample of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) students in Science, Technology, Mathematics and Engineering (STEM) programs recognized, made sense of and navigated cross-sector permeation relevant to their individual passions and commitments to climate change alleviation.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors conducted an embedded case study that qualitatively explored how 16 STEM PhD students recognized, made sense of and navigated cross-sector permeation relevant to their individual values and goals and commitments to climate change alleviation. Data were collected through individual interviews that probed the participants’ engagement and agency in cross-sector permeation.

Findings
The authors identified three themes that frame the role of PhD students as boundary spanning agents. The themes involve students placing their values and goals over specific positions and career paths, aligning their values and goals with cross-sector conditions and creating opportunities through cross-sector engagement.

Practical implications
Recommendations are provided for fostering and enhancing the agency PhD students have over the pursuit of their individual values and goals and their engagement in boundary spanning activities and strategies.

Originality/value
Cross-sector permeation is framed relevant to PhD student agency and boundary spanning. The findings introduce the role of PhD students as boundary spanning agents who intentionally pursue their individual values and goals in ways that extend beyond traditional academic career pathways.
Luckin Coffee Inc.: brewing fraud
Authors: Mehta Anupam 
Published: May 2022

Theoretical basis
This case is based on using the fraud triangle, theoretical aspects like rationalization and motivation for understanding the financial pressures and corporate greed lead to accounting fraud. Building on the corporate governance’s weakness, the case explores the challenges and the changes that the company has to make to survive.

Research methodology
The case study has been entirely based on published resources. The case explores out the reasons why the companies commit accounting fraud using the motivations, financial pressures and the opportunities exploited due to a weak governance system.

Case overview/synopsis
The case deals with a RMB 2.2bn accounting fraud at Luckin Coffee Inc. (L.K.), a US-listed Chinese company, which led to a steep fall in its share price by more than 80% in April 2020. The company’s CEO had to resign in light of the accounting fraud, which involved fabricating the transactions in 2019, the same year it got listed on the NASDAQ stock exchange. The case is a classic example of greed, corporate ambition and flaws in the corporate governance that led to the fraud while framing a course of action for the company moving forward. The case allows the learners to dive deep into the facts to find out why the fraud happened and its repercussions for the company and its various stakeholders. The case can be useful in Accounting, Corporate governance or Ethics modules for both undergraduate and postgraduate students.

Complexity academic level
The case can be used for both postgraduate and undergraduate financial accounting or corporate governance modules or the executive development programmes explicitly dealing with ethical challenges and accounting fraud.
Non‐destructive analysis of hollow‐shaped single fibers using X‐ray computed tomography
Authors: Tadano Wataru , Takeuchi Masaru , Tanabe Eishi , Stellhorn Jens R. , Komaguchi Kenji , Nakamoto Akihiro , Honda Sadao , Hayakawa Shinjiro 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA commercial high‐resolution X‐ray computed tomography (CT) was utilized for non‐destructive analysis of single fibers. The micro‐CT apparatus was employed because it is applicable to both colored and colorless fibers. A sample preparation using adhesive sheets was demonstrated, and the method is similar to typical tape‐lift sample collection method in crime cases. Different cross‐sectional shapes of nylon and polyester single fibers were non‐destructively distinguished, and the method is applicable to all types of fibers. Cross‐sectional areas, aperture ratios, and volumes of individual fibers were directly and automatically measured using the open‐source software. The observed parameters were within a coefficient of variation of 3%. In addition, a mass of a single fragment of a fiber can be estimated when the local density is given.
Point‐of‐use carbon‐block drinking water filters change gut microbiome of larval zebrafish
Authors: Wu Chia‐Chen , Connell Mackenzie , Zarb Audrey , Akemann Camille , Morgan Stephanie , McElmurry Shawn P. , Love Nancy G. , Baker Tracie R. 
Published: May 2022

SummaryActivated carbon block (ACB) point‐of‐use (PoU) drinking water filters can change the bacterial composition in drinking water. Consuming ACB PoU filtered water may also influence gut microbiomes. This study uses the zebrafish model to evaluate how the ACB PoU filter affects the gut microbiomes and phenotypic responses in larvae and adulthood. An ACB PoU filter manifold system was constructed to feed larval and adult zebrafish tap and filtered water at the early and late stages of the filter operation period. Adult zebrafish gut microbiomes were not affected by exposure to water types and filter stages. Unlike the adult, gut microbiomes of the larvae exposed to filtered water at the late stage of filter operation were dominated by more filter‐relevant bacterial taxa, including Comamonadaceae and Brevundimonas, than the early stage‐filtered‐water‐ and tap water‐exposed larvae. We also found some fish that were either exposed to filtered water at early and late stages or tap water supplied to the filter toward the end of the experiment showed hyperactive locomotion behaviour, and had significantly lower relative abundances of a Pseudomonas spp. (OTU3) than the normally behaved fish. Our findings indicate that ACB PoU filtered water can alter gut microbiomes and affect the behaviour patterns in larval zebrafish.
The microfluidic artificial lung: Mimicking nature's blood path design to solve the biocompatibility paradox
Authors: Astor Todd L. , Borenstein Jeffrey T. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe increasing prevalence of chronic lung disease worldwide, combined with the emergence of multiple pandemics arising from respiratory viruses over the past century, highlights the need for safer and efficacious means for providing artificial lung support. Mechanical ventilation is currently used for the vast majority of patients suffering from acute and chronic lung failure, but risks further injury or infection to the patient's already compromised lung function. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has emerged as a means of providing direct gas exchange with the blood, but limited access to the technology and the complexity of the blood circuit have prevented the broader expansion of its use. A promising avenue toward simplifying and minimizing complications arising from the blood circuit, microfluidics‐based artificial organ support, has emerged over the past decade as an opportunity to overcome many of the fundamental limitations of the current standard for ECMO cartridges, hollow fiber membrane oxygenators. The power of microfluidics technology for this application stems from its ability to recapitulate key aspects of physiological microcirculation, including the small dimensions of blood vessel structures and gas transfer membranes. An even greater advantage of microfluidics, the ability to configure blood flow patterns that mimic the smooth, branching nature of vascular networks, holds the potential to reduce the incidence of clotting and bleeding and to minimize reliance on anticoagulants. Here, we summarize recent progress and address future directions and goals for this potentially transformative approach to artificial lung support.
Experimental assessment of obsidian versus chert lanceolate projectile point durability and robusticity: Semi‐static fracture strength and dynamic impact
Authors: Gala Nicholas , Mika Anna , Wilson Michael , Williams Jeremy , Buchanan Briggs , Walker Robert S. , Bebber Michelle R. , Eren Metin I. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractStone‐tipped weaponry was important for the survival of past peoples, and many functional and non‐functional factors likely influenced their design. Two functional factors that past peoples likely considered in the design of their stone tips are durability (whether or not a stone tip breaks) and robusticity (how much damage is incurred upon breakage). Many factors have been shown experimentally to influence stone tip influence durability and robusticity, including stone raw material. Here, we further explore the relationship between stone raw material and stone tip durability and robusticity via controlled experiments comparing chert and obsidian. We first demonstrate with semi‐static fracture strength analyses that obsidian stone tips require less force to break than do chert stone tips. We then show with dynamic ballistics impact testing that obsidian stone tips are less durable and robust than chert stone tips. Our results are entirely consistent with previous experimental comparisons of chert versus obsidian stone tips, and support the hypothesis that past peoples, when presented with multiple raw materials, likely weighed their costs and benefits in the process of selection.
“I'm not batman” and other factors impacting bystander intervention against sexual violence in Australian nightlife settings
Authors: Wrightson‐Hester Aimee‐Rose , Allan Alfred , Allan Maria M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractUnsolicited sexual behaviors that constitute sexual violence appear to be commonplace in nightlife settings in many countries and bystander intervention might be a way to eliminate them. However, few researchers have investigated the barriers and facilitators that affect Australian bystanders’ likelihood to help, and these should be considered in the planning of bystander intervention programs. Using a grounded theory approach, we interviewed fourteen men and women about their perceptions of factors that might influence bystander behavior in Australian nightlife settings. The categories identified suggest that it is difficult for nightlife patrons to notice and identify sexual violence occurring around them. Further, nightlife patrons respect other patrons’ right to engage in sexual behavior and will not intervene unless the recipient has been harmed by the behavior. Patrons are, also, much more likely to help when the recipient is a friend or a woman. Traditional bystander intervention programs on their own might not sufficiently address these barriers. Programs will also need to address patrons’ perceptions of sexual violence and the prevailing social and gender norms in nightlife settings regarding sexual behavior.
A qualitative review of misinformation and conspiracy theories in skin cancer
Authors: O'Connor Cathal , Rafferty Siobhán , Murphy Michelle 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Misinformation on diseases and treatments is a worldwide threat and can lead to worse outcomes for patients with skin cancer. The aim of this study was to qualitatively assess the content of online misinformation related to skin cancer. Searches were performed via PubMed and Google using the terms ‘skin cancer’ OR ‘melanoma’ OR ‘non-melanoma skin cancer’ OR ‘SCC’ OR ‘BCC’ AND ‘misinformation’ OR ‘disinformation’ OR ‘conspiracy theories’. The most common themes of misinformation related to skin cancer included assertions of the ‘dangers’ of using sunscreen and alternative sunscreen practices; promotion of tanning and Melanotan (an unlicensed and untested form of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone) as safe practices; claims that risk of skin cancer are limited to people who are older or have fair skin; and assertions of alternative ‘causes’ and alternative ‘cures’ for skin cancer. Sunscreen was particularly vilified as being an ineffective prophylactic measure and a cause of skin cancer. Dermatologists should be aware of misinformation available online relating to skin cancer, and refute and rebut misleading health information.
Knowing things and going places
Authors: Kukla Quill R 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWhen I say “I know Sarah,” or “I know Berlin,” what sort of knowledge am I claiming? Such knowledge of a particular is, I claim, not reducible to either propositional knowledge‐that or to traditional physical know‐how. Mere, bare knowledge by acquaintance also does not capture the kind of knowledge being claimed here. Using knowledge of a place as my central example, I argue that this kind of knowledge‐of, or “objectual knowledge” as it is sometimes called, is of a distinctive epistemological sort. It is a genre of inherently first‐personal aesthetic knowledge, but it also, like know‐how, involves active skill. I end by exploring a couple of classic problems in aesthetic epistemology, applied to the case of knowledge‐of as active aesthetic knowledge.
Low dose prophylaxis and antifibrinolytics: Options to consider with proven benefits for persons with haemophilia
Authors: Carcao Manuel , Gouider Emna , Wu Runhui 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionProphylaxis has become standard of care for persons with severe phenotype haemophilia (PWsH). However, ‘standard prophylaxis’ with either factor or non‐factor therapies (emicizumab) is prohibitively expensive for much of the world. We sought to evaluate whether haemophilia care can be provided at a lower cost yet achieve good results using Lower dose/Lower frequency prophylaxis (LDP) and with increasing use of antifibrinolytics (Tranexamic acid and Epsilon amino caproic acid).MethodsWe identified 12 studies that collectively included 335 PWsH using LDP. Additionally, we undertook a literature search regarding the benefits of antifibrinolytics in haemophilia care.ResultsIdentified studies show that LDP is far superior to no prophylaxis (On demand [OD] therapy) resulting in significant patient benefits. Patients on LDP showed (in comparison to patients OD) on average: 72% less total bleeds; 75% less joint bleeds; 91% less days lost from school; 77% less hospital admission days; and improved quality of life measures. These benefits come at similar or only slightly higher (< 2‐fold greater) costs than OD therapy. Antifibrinolytics are effective adjunctive agents in managing bleeds (oral, nasal, intracranial, possibly other) and providing haemostasis for surgeries (particularly oral surgeries). Antifibrinolytics can substitute for more expensive factor concentrates or can reduce the use of such concentrates. There is evidence to show that antifibrinolytics may be used in conjunction with factor concentrates/emicizumab for more effective/less costly prophylaxis.ConclusionsThe use of LDP along with appropriate and increased use of antifibrinolytics offers less resourced countries good options for managing patients with haemophilia.
The lived experiences of women exploring a healthy lifestyle, gestational weight gain and physical activity throughout pregnancy
Authors: Newson Lisa , Bould Kathryn , Aspin‐Wood Bronte , Sinclair Lauren , Ikramullah Zainab , Abayomi Julie 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundWeight gain is inevitable during pregnancy. However, high prepregnancy body mass index and excessive gestational weight gain are associated with poor pregnancy outcomes. Understanding the experiences, social influences and decisions women make to maintain a healthy lifestyle during pregnancy are essential to consider how to improve services and interventions to help women engage in a healthy diet and physical activity (PA) behaviours.ObjectiveThe study investigated women's opinions and lived experiences of engaging in a healthy diet, promoting optimal gestational weight gain and PA during and after pregnancy.Design and MethodsTwenty‐two pregnant women contributed to qualitative data collection for this Grounded Theory (GT) study. Nineteen women completed semi‐structured interviews and three patient and public involvement (PPI) representatives sought to validate the analysis and GT framework.ResultsTwo substantive categories were constructed: (1) Evolving from ‘I’ to ‘we’, as informed by two subcategories and (2) the power of information and guidance, as informed by three subcategories. These categories informed the core category, ‘A navigational journey and evolution of the pregnant self’. The navigational journey involves constantly searching for knowledge and information to support and balance the interests of personal beliefs, the health of their unborn baby, their social circle and the wider world. A woman's psychological capability (e.g., their knowledge of a healthy lifestyle and confidence to implement such knowledge) is continuously tested.ConclusionsPregnancy may create a ‘teachable moment’ but there is a need for appropriate guidance from professionals to assist with lifestyle choices during pregnancy. The findings showed a significant influence of online resources, and lack of guidance on behaviour during pregnancy and may highlight areas of focus for future research and intervention.Public ContributionThree pregnant women were recruited to act as PPI representatives to assist with the validation of the analytical findings and aid the final theoretical saturation of the GT framework. Commentary from these PPI representatives was used to validate the analysis and support the interpretation of the data. In addition, these PPI representatives were also invited to provide commentary on the draft manuscript and those involved in this later process have been included as coauthors.
If and how do 360° videos fit into education settings? Results from a scoping review of empirical research
Authors: Ranieri Maria , Luzzi Damiana , Cuomo Stefano , Bruni Isabella 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundOver recent years, interest towards the use of immersive technologies has grown in parallel with the lowering of equipment costs: educators have started embedding them into their teaching practices at different levels of the educational system, from primary school to higher education. In general, immersive technologies are seen as suitable tools to live vicarious experiences, when the reality is hardly accessible, for instance due to safety issues.ObjectivesIn this paper, we focus on 360° videos with the aim of developing a more systematic and evidence informed approach to the understanding of the educational uses of 360° in different educational contexts.MethodsA scoping literature review approach has been adopted in order to obtain a comprehensive insight based on objective, replicable and transparent procedures.Results and conclusionsThe review includes studies published from 2016 onwards. According to the findings, 360° videos are more suitable for disciplines requiring careful observation of how knowledge is transferred into practice and where practical scenarios are involved: 360° videos have positive effects on learning, especially referring to motivation, attentiveness, information retention and transfer of knowledge. However, as for learners' reactions, physical discomfort is reported, mainly associated with the use of HMD. In addition, challenges, and barriers to the educational use of 360° video should be further analysed, since up to now logistical constraints have limited the studies to a very small sample population, without the possibility of providing suggestions for a wider adoption at organisation and institution level.ImplicationsAs 360° videos are reported to be promising in fostering learning processes, students' engagement, and information retention, further studies are recommend to cover the current gaps in the literature, particularly focusing on drawbacks and organizational challenges.
Caste, diversification, and the contemporary agrarian question in India: A field perspective
Authors: Yadav Srishti 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper seeks to analyse agrarian class relations in Sangli, a village in Rewari district, southern Haryana, in light of the linkages of agricultural households with non‐agricultural economic activities. I find that better‐off households that are primarily dependent on agriculture are the most likely to re‐invest in agriculture. Agricultural surpluses allow upper caste landowning households to diversify into businesses or formal employment; alternatively, landownership provides a failsafe against precarious daily wage work, which is the only type of work available to lower caste landless households who lack economic and social capital. This segmentation of diversification opportunities is understood as conjugated oppression resting on caste and land ownership.