bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dlaczego digitalizacja może stać się przyczyną anarchizacji
Authors: Siewierska-Chmaj Anna , Kłodkowski Piotr , Kossowska Małgorzata 
Published: November 2022

Artykuł traktuje o fenomenie anarchizacji społeczno-politycznej powiązanym z dynamicznym procesem digitalizacji, głównie związanym z funkcjonowaniem mediów cyfrowych. Całość problematyki analizowana jest z kilku perspektyw: politologicznej, socjologicznej i psychologicznej. Zdaniem Autorów wiele mechanizmów sieci internetowych, które opisano w artykule sprzyja nie tylko rosnącej społecznej i politycznej polaryzacji, ale także prowadzić może do recesji demokracji liberalnej i najważniejszych instytucji państwa. Autorzy stawiają tezę, że specyficzny sposób funkcjonowania mediów cyfrowych oraz możliwości ich wykorzystania mogą wzmacniać stopniowe procesy anarchizacyjne, oznaczające tworzenie społecznych podmiotów różnego rodzaju o wyraźnych tożsamościach, coraz mniej zależnych od centralistycznego państwa, a zarazem przyczyniających się (czy raczej mogących się przyczynić) do faktycznej atrofii dotychczasowych struktur państwowych, jak również reguł i procedur dotychczas obecnych w społeczeństwie.
IMPLEMENTASI PAJAK PERTAMBAHAN NILAI DAN PAJAK PENJUALAN ATAS BARANG MEWAH DALAM PERSPEKTIF UU NO.7 TAHUN 2021
Authors: Darmansyah Darmansyah 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRAK
Dengan diberlakukannya Undang-undang Nomor 7 tahun 2021 tentang Harmonisasi Peraturan Perpajakan, salah satunya mengatur tentang Pajak Pertambahan Nilai dan Pajak Penjualan atas Barang Mewah, menjelaskan bahwa barang kebutuhan pokok, jasa pendidikan, dan jasa kesehatan yang sebelumnya merupakan barang dan jasa tidak kena Pajak Pertambahan Nilai, terhitung mulai diberlakukannya Undang-undang ini menjadi barang dan jasa yang dibebaskan dari pengenaan Pajak Pertambahan Nilai dengan tujuan agar masyarakat berpenghasilan kecil dan menengah tetap terlindungi dari kenaikan harga karena perubahan Undang-Undang Pajak Pertambahan Nilai. Selain itu, Pemberian fasilitas Pajak Pertambahan Nilai kepada masyarakat lebih tepat sasaran dan mencerminkan keadilan. Kenaikan tarif Pajak Pertambahan Nilai dari tarif 10% dinaikkan menjadi 11% yang mulai berlaku 1 April 2022, dan tarif akan berubah menjadi 12% selambat-lambatnya pada tanggal 1 Januari 2025. Untuk kemudahan dan kesederhanaan penerapan Pajak Pertambahan Nilai diterapkan tarif pajak bersifat final untuk barang atau jasa kena pajak tertentu.
Kata Kunci: Pajak Pertambahan Nilai, Pajak Penjualan Barang Mewah
ABSTRACT
With the enactment of Law Number 7 of 2021 concerning Harmonization of Tax Regulations, one of which regulates Value Added Tax and Sales Tax on Luxury Goods, explaining that basic necessities, education services, and health services which were previously goods and services are not subject to Added Tax. Value, as from the enactment of this Law, becomes goods and services that are exempt from the imposition of Value Added Tax with the aim that small and middle income people are protected from price increases due to changes in the Value Added Tax Law. In addition, the provision of Value Added Tax facilities to the community is more targeted and reflects justice. The increase in the rate of Value Added Tax from 10% is increased to 11% which comes into effect April 1, 2022, and the rate will be changed to 12% no later than January 1, 2025. For the convenience and simplicity of applying the Value Added Tax, the final tax rate is applied for certain taxable goods or services.
Keywords: Value Added Tax, Luxury Goods Sales Tax
Formation of NiO films by reactive sputtering and application to BaSi2 heterojunction solar cells as hole-selective interlayer material
Authors: Takenaka Haruki , Hasebe Hayato , Kido Kazuki , Koitabashi Ryota , Mesuda Masami , Toko Kaoru , Suemasu Takashi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Semiconducting BaSi2 has attractive features for thin-film solar cell applications. In this study, we investigated the potential of NiO as a hole transport layer in NiO/BaSi2 heterojunction solar cells both by simulation and by experiment. To find deposition conditions to form NiO layers, a NiO target was sputtered on glass substrates under various O2-to-Ar gas flow ratios. The hole concentration of the NiO films was controlled in the range 1017–1021 cm−3 mainly by the substrate temperature during deposition. After that, NiO/BaSi2 heterojunction solar cells were designed using a one-dimensional simulation software (AFORS-HET v2.5). The conversion efficiency exceeded 16% for 400 nm thick n-BaSi2 absorption layers. We actually formed NiO/BaSi2 heterojunction solar cells on glass substrates by radio-frequency sputtering, and demonstrated that the carriers photogenerated in the BaSi2 films contributed to the internal quantum efficiency spectrum at wavelengths shorter than approximately 900 nm, corresponding to the band gap of BaSi2.
Robust and fast auto-focusing using convolutional neural networks for off-axis digital holography
Authors: Lee Jaesung , Son Kyungchan , Bamshad Hamid , Yang Hyunseok 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a robust and accurate estimation method for the distance required for digital holography (DH) reconstruction using convolutional neural networks (CNN) in off-axis DH (off-axis DH). This method applies adaptive spectral pooling to reflect distance-related optical characteristics and minimize information loss during the training phase. Simulations and experiments have confirmed that the proposed method is more robust and accurate than search-based or CNN-based distance estimation methods.
On modules over the mod 2 Steenrod algebra and hit problems
Authors: Võ Phúc Đặng 
Published: November 2022

<p>Let us consider the prime field of two elements, $\mathbb F_2\equiv \mathbb Z_2.$ It is well-known that the classical "hit problem" for a module over the mod 2 Steenrod algebra A is an interesting and important open problem of Algebraic topology, which asks a minimal set of generators for the polynomial algebra $\mathcal P_m:=\mathbb F_2[x_1, x_2, \ldots, x_m]$ on $m$ variables $x_1, \ldots, x_m,$ each of degree one, regarded as a connected unstable $\mathscr A$-module The algebra $\mathcal P_m$ is the cohomology with $\mathbb F_2$-coefficients of the product of $m$ copies of the Eilenberg-MacLan complex $K(\mathbb F_2, 1).$ Although the hit problem has been thoroughly studied for more than 3 decades, solving it remains a mystery for any $m\geq 5.$ In this article, we develop our previous work [Commun. Korean Math. Soc. 35 (2020), 371-399] on the hit problem for $\mathscr A$-module $\mathcal P_5$ in generic degree $n:=n_s = 5(2^{s}-1) + 18.2^{s}$ with $s\geq 0.$ As an immediate consequence, a local version of Kameko's conjecture for the dimension of the cohit space $\mathbb F_2\otimes_{\mathscr A}\mathcal P_m$ associated with weight vectors is true for $m = 5$ and degree $n_s.$ Also, we show that this conjecture also holds for any $m\geq 1$ and degrees $\leq 12.$ Two applications of this study are to establish the dimension result for the cohit space $\mathbb F_2\otimes_{\mathscr A}\mathcal P_m$ for $m = 6$ in generic degree $5(2^{s+4}-1) + n_1.2^{s+4}$ with $s > 0$ and to describe the modular representations of the general linear group of rank $5$ over $\mathbb F_2.$ Our results then show that the algebraic transfer, defined by W. Singer [Math. Z. 202 (1989), 493-523], is an isomorphism in bidegrees $(5, 5+n_s)$ with $s\geq 0.$ Also, we prove that Singer's transfer is a trivial isomorphism in bidegrees $(m, m+12)$ with $m\geq 1.$</p>
Nonuniform Transmission Line Model for Electromagnetic Radiation in Free Space
Authors: Xiao Gaobiao 
Published: November 2022

<p>An equivalent nonuniform transmission line model for electromagnetic radiation in free space is developed. By properly defining a voltage and a current associated with the transverse component of the mode fields, a kind of Telegraphers’ equation is derived for each spherical harmonic mode. Based on the equivalent distribution inductance and capacitance, the local characteristic impedance and phase velocity are derived. For each spherical mode, a cutoff spherical surface and an associated cutoff radius are introduced to separate the space into an evanescent region and a propagating region. A spherical mode field will decay approximately exponentially in the evanescent region and experience local reflection in the propagating region. The proposed model may provide an intuitive illustration for the radiation process in free space. </p>
<p>This work is also part of my efforts in revisiting the issue of electromagnetic radiation and mutual coupling. Although the concepts I proposed, like the macroscopic Schott energy and this NTL model, may look strange and different from the conventional formulations, I believe they can provide intuitive and insightful interpretattion to the issue of EM radiation. </p>
CSI-based NOMA for Integrated Sensing and Communication
Authors: Memisoglu Ebubekir , Türkmen Halise , Ak Özbakış Başak , Arslan Hüseyin 
Published: November 2022

<p>Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is a key enabler of fifth-generation and beyond networks and a multitude of futuristic applications. However, the coexistence, scheduling and scarcity issues due to additional sensing signals are valid concerns. If a communicating device also requires sensing, it can use its communication signal for sensing. But if a non-communicating device requires sensing, the additional sensing signals will cause extra traffic in the network. Thus, in this letter, a novel integrated sensing and communication with iterative channel estimation (ISAC-ICE) method is proposed to provide spectral efficiency while maintaining sensing and communication performance. The simulation results and complexity analysis demonstrate that the proposed method with a linearithmic complexity enables non-orthogonal multiple accessing (NOMA) of ISAC.</p>
Performance and carcass yield of silver catfish raised in monosex and mixed-sex systems
Authors: Dos Santos Hanna Karolyna , Balen Rafael Ernesto , Dias Patricia da Silva , Matos Émerson José Alves , Meurer Fábio 
Published: November 2022

Abstract - An experiment lasting 180 days was carried out to evaluate the influence of sex on the performance and production of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) when reared in closed recirculation systems using only males, only females, or with both genders. A total of 300 fish (41.49 ± 6.82 g and 16.53 ± 0.95 cm) were used, comprising 150 females and 150 males distributed in an experimental structure consisting of three closed water recirculation systems coupled to a 20,000 L culture tank and a 20,000 L biofiltration tank connected by a 3,500 L h-1 water pump. The first system contained 100 females, the second, 100 males, and the third, 50 females and 50 males. High fish weight variations were observed regardless of sex. Female weight gains and specific growth rates were 41.51 % and 28.94 % higher compared to males, respectively, exhibiting greater growth than males raised monosexually or in mixed rearing systems, with no effect on chemical composition or trunk yield. The findings thus indicate that both male and female silver catfish exhibit wide weight variations and females that gain more biomass than males reared monosexually or in mixed-sex systems.
Formulation and evaluation of microsphere of glipizide
Authors: V Vasu Naik , M Nagavani 
Published: November 2022

The present study aims to carried out to prepare and evaluate the floating microsphere Glipizide using Eudragit RS 100 in a combination with Polyethylene Oxide in various proportions. The following experimental protocol was therefore designed to allow a systemic approach to the study and we concludes that Drug absorption in the GIT is a highly variable process, prolonging gastric retention of the dosage forms and extends the time of drug absorption. Floating hollow microspheres are prepared with enteric coated polymer (Eudragit RS 100) successfully by the solvent evaporation technique. Upon incorporation of the hydrophilic polymer such as polyethylene oxide in the shell of microballoons, the amount of drug released from microspheres could be enhanced.
Pengaruh Perendaman Benih dalam Ekstrak Daun Tapak Dara terhadap Fenotipe Kedelai (Glycine max (L) Merril)
Authors: Amilin Amir , Suhardjadinata Suhardjadinata , Guntari Liring 
Published: November 2022

Produktivitas kedelai dalam negeri masih tergolong rendah karena potensi hasil dari varietas-varietas kedelai di dalam negeri masih rendah. Salah satu usaha yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan potensi hasil kedelai yaitu dengan meningkatkan potensi genetiknya melalui poliploidisasi menggunakan senyawa antimitotik dari ekstrak daun tapak dara (Catharanthus roseus L.). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi dan lama perendaman benih kedelai terhadap fenotif kedelai. Pelaksanaan penelitian di rumah kaca Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Siliwangi pada bulan Januari sampai Juni 2021. Metode penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap untuk menguji 10 perlakuan kombinasi ekstrak daun tapak dara serta lama perendaman dengan pengulangan sebanyak 3 kali. Parameter pengamatan dianalisis dengan analisis varians. Perbedaan antara perlakuan diuji denganÂ Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada a 5%. Hasil percobaan memperlihatkan bahwa perendaman benih kedelai dalam larutan ekstrak daun tapak dara dengan konsentrasi dan lama perendaman yang berbeda berpengaruh terhadap fenotif kedelai. Perendaman benih kedelai dalam larutan ekstrak daun tapak dara 1% selama 6 jam menunjukkan tinggi tanaman, panjang akar dan panjang polong lebih baik dari perlakuan lainnya.Â Â Soybean productivity in Indonesia is relatively low due to the slight yield potential of domestic soybean varieties. Increasing its genetic potential through polyploidization using antimitotic compounds from leaf extract of tapak dara (Catharanthus roseus L.) should be made to increase soybean yield potential. This study aimed to determine the effect of concentration and duration of soaking soybean seeds on soybean phenotype. The experiment was carried out at greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Siliwangi from January to June 2021. A completely randomized design was applied to examine 10 combination treatments of tapak dara leaf extract and soaking time repeated 3 times. An analysis of variance (F test) was utilized by observational parameters, if there was a difference between treatments, Duncan's multiple range test was carried out at a 5% significance level. The results showed that soaking soybean seeds in a solution of tapak dara leaf extract with different concentrations and soaking time affecting the soybean phenotype. Soybean seed soaking in 1% tapak dara leaf extract solution for 6 hours showed that plant height, root length and pod length were better than other treatments.Â Â Â
Produksi Asap Cair Cangkang Kelapa Muda sebagai Pengawet Nira Aren, Briket sebagai Bahan Bakar
Authors: Rahmat Budy , Suhardjadinata Suhardjadinata , Nawangsari Yuli Ratna 
Published: November 2022

Gula aren yang baik merupakan hasil dari nira yang tidak mengalami kerusakan. Beberapa penelitian yang telah dilakukan diantaranya untuk memperpanjang umur simpan nira, salah satunya bisa menggunakan pengawet alami. Bahan pengawet alami yang dapat digunakan untuk memperpanjang umur simpan nira adalah asap cair. Beberapa senyawa kimia yang disinyalir berpotensi sebagai bahan pengawet terkandung dalam asap cair, diantaranya adalah antioksidan, desinfektan, ataupun sebagai biopestisida. Salah satu bahan yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk menghasilkan asap cair adalah cangkang kelapa muda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi asap cair cangkang kelapa muda sebagai bahan pengawet nira aren, serta untuk mengetahui kualitas briket arangnya sebagai bahan bakar. Percobaan ini menggunakan rancangan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial untuk mencoba konsentrasi asap cair dalam nira aren yaitu K0 = 0% (Kontrol), K1 = 3 % K2 =4 %, K3 = 5 % dan faktor kedua lama penyimpanan nira aren : T1 = 3 jam, T2 = 6 jam, T3 = 9 jam, T4 = 12 jam, setiap perlakuan diulang 3 kali. Cangkang kelapa muda seberat 4 kg dapat dipirolisis menjadi asap cair sebanyak 1088 mL dan didistilasi 2 kali sehingga dihasilkan asap cair grade 1 sebanyak 850 mL dengan kuantitas dan kualitas yang baik. Asap cair dari cangkang kelapa muda bisa dijadikan sebagai pengawet nira aren pada konsentrasi 3 sampai 4 %. Asap cair dari cangkang kelapa muda bisa dijadikan sebagai pengawet nira aren pada konsentrasi 3% sampai 4% (v/v). Briket arang dari cangkang kelapa muda memiliki kualitas yang baik sesuai SNI dengan kadar air 7,34% dan kerapatan 0,81 g/cm3.Â Â Good palm sugarÂ is the result of undamaged sap. Some studies that have been carried out include to extend the shelfÂ life of the sap, one of which can use natural preservatives. Natural preservatives that can be used to extend the shelfÂ life of sap is liquid smoke. This study aims to determine the effect of liquid smoke concentration of young coconut shells as a preservative for palm sap, and to determine the quality of charcoal briquettes as fuel. This experiment uses a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) to try the concentration of liquid smoke in palm sap, namely K0 = 0% (Control), K1 = 3% K2 = 4%, K3 = 5% and the second factor is the storage time of palm sap: T1 = 3 hours, T2 = 6 hours, T3 = 9 hours, T4 = 12 hours, each treatment was repeated 3 times. 4 kg of young coconut shells can be pyrolyzed into 1088 mL of liquid smoke and distilled 2 times to produce 850 mL of grade 1 liquid smoke with good quantity and quality. Liquid smoke from young coconut shells can be used as a preservative for palm sap at a concentration ofÂ 3 to 4%. Liquid smoke from young coconut shells can be used as a preservative for palm sap at a concentration ofÂ 3% to 4% (v/v). Charcoal briquettes from young coconut shells have good quality according to SNI with a moisture content of 7.34% and a density of 0.81 g/cm3.
Keanekaragaman dan Kekerabatan Morfologi Tanaman Kemili (Solanostemon rotundifolius) di Kabupaten Bangka
Authors: Anjani Nabila Fharellia , Prayoga Gigih Ibnu , Lestari Tri 
Published: November 2022

Tanaman kemili merupakan tanaman pangan alternatif yang tumbuh subur di negara Indonesia. Namun, tanaman kemili sampai saat ini belum populer di kalangan masyarakat Bangka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman aksesi kemili (Solanostemon rotundifolius) di Kabupaten Bangka berdasarkan karakter morfologi dan mengetahui hubungan kekerabatan antar plasma nutfah kemili berdasarkan morfologi di Kabupaten Bangka. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Januari sampai Juni 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara eksplorasi di Kabupaten Bangka dan dikarakterisasi secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ditemukan ada 3 aksesi yang terdapat di Kabupaten Bangka, yaitu aksesi Balunijuk, Kimak, dan Batu Rusa. Terdapat 2 kelompok hubungan kekerabatan berdasarkan morfologi dengan koefisien 0,65 atau 65%. Aksesi kemili yang diteliti memiliki variabilitas genetik dan variabilitas fenotipik yang sempit.Â Â Kemili plants are an alternative food commodities that thrive in Indonesia. Kemili plants arenâ€™t yet popular among the people of Bangka. The aim of the study was to determine the diversity of accessions of the kemili (Solanostemon rotundifolius) in Bangka Regency based on morphological characteristics and to determine the relationship between the germplasm of the Kemili (Solanostemon rotundifolius) based on morphology in Bangka Regency. The research was conducted from January to June 2021. The study used an experimental method. Sampling was taken by exploration in Bangka Regency and characterized by qualitative and quantitative characters. The results of the study found that there were 3 accessions found in Bangka Regency, namely Balunijuk, Kimak, and Batu Rusa. There are 2 groups of morphological relationships with qualitative characters with a coefficient of 0.65 or 65%. Kemili accession have narrow genetic variability, and phenotypic variability.Â
Pengaruh Inokulasi Rhizobium spp. dan Vermikompos terhadap Pembentukan Bintil Akar dan Hasil Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: Hodiyah Ida , Milati Putri Ainul 
Published: November 2022

Pemupukan merupakan salah satu usaha intensifikasi untuk meningkatkan hasil kacang tanah. Kacang tanah kurang responsif terhadap pupuk nitrogen karena adanya Rhizobium yang dapat menyediakan kebutuhan nitrogen tanaman dengan cara menambat N2 dari atmosfer. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui interaksi antara dosis inokulum Rhizobium dengan dosis vermikompos terhadap pembentukan bintil akar dan hasil kacang tanah. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Siliwangi Kampus Mugarsari Kecamatan Tamansari Kota Tasikmalaya pada bulan April sampai Juli 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dua faktor yang diulang sebanyak 3 kali dengan dosis inokulum Rhizobium sebagai faktor pertama yaitu (i0 = kontrol, i1 = 10 g kg-1 dan i2 = 15 g kg-1), dan faktor kedua dosis vermikompos yaitu (v0 = kontrol, v1 = 10 t ha-1 dan v3 = 20 t ha-1). Analisis data menggunakan variansi dengan uji F dan uji lanjut menggunakan uji jarak berganda Duncan pada taraf signifikansi 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada interaksi antara inokulasi Rhizobium spp. dan vermikompos pada pembentukan bintil akar dan hasil kacang tanah. Secara mandiri inokulasi Rhizobium spp. berpengaruh terhadap semua parameter, sedangkan vermikompos berpengaruh terhadap jumlah polong, jumlah polong bernas, bobot polong bernas basah, bobot polong bernas kering per tanaman, dan hasil polong per petak.Â Â Fertilization is one of the intensification efforts to increase peanut yields. Peanut are less responsive to nitrogen fertilizer due to existence of Rhizobium. It provides nitrogen for plant by fixing N2 from the atmosphere. The aims of this study is to determine the interaction between the doses of Rhizobium inoculum and vermicompost on the root nodules formation and peanut yield. This study was conducted at the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Siliwangi, Mugarsari Campus, Tamansari District, Tasikmalaya on April to July 2022. This study used 2 factors randomized block design which was repeated 3 times with the dose of Rhizobium inoculum as the main factor (i0 = control, i1 = 10 g kg-1 and i2 = 15 g kg-1), and the second factor was the dose of vermicompost (v0 = control, v1 = 10 t ha-1 and v3 = 20 t ha-1). Data analysis used variance with the F test and follow-up test using Duncan's Multiple Range Test at a significance level of 5%. The results showed that there was no interaction between Rhizobium spp. inoculations and vermicompost on the root nodules formation and peanut yields. Independently inoculated Rhizobium spp. affected all the parameters. Meanwhile vermicompost affected the number of pods, the number of pithy pods, the weight of the wet pithy pods, the weight of the dry pithy pods per plant, and the yield of pods per plot.