bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BANKER TO THE POOR AND ITS URGENCY BASED ON INDONESIAN CONTEXT (PERCEIVING THE TOUGHTS AND EXPERIENCES OF MUHAMMAD YUNUS)
Authors: Arifa Laily Nur 
Published: February 2022

Poverty is not welcome in all types of society. There are many efforts made to overcome this issue. Nevertheless, Muhammad Yunus has made inspirational efforts. His efforts to overcome poverty issues in Bangladesh have escorted him to receive the Nobel award. His model in overcoming the issue by establishing Grameen Bank for the poor has become a role model worldwide, including Indonesia. According to Islamic regulation, bank interest applied by the Grameen Bank is not against Islamic regulation (riba) since the interest will be distributed to its customers. Poverty has become a significant issue for Indonesia and other poor and developing countries worldwide. Therefore, the adaptation of the Grameen Bank model to overcome poverty issues in Indonesia is in urgent demand.
There are three may key to adopt the Grameen Bank concept according to the Indonesian context. The first key is to give priority to women for economic development. This policy is that women are less selfish and have more concern towards their children and family. The second key is to establish a group of creditors. This group is expected to encourage each other to repay the loan and support each other under hardship. The third key is to provide unsecured debt. This type of loan is the answer to help the poor to improve their condition. Adequate capital provision will enable the poor to improve their creativity; they can develop their business and improve life quality.
STUDI KASUS IMPLEMENTASI LATAR BELAKANG DAN RUMUSAN MASALAH DALAM BUKU WAWASAN AL-QUR’AN TENTANG AL-BALA’ KARYA MARDAN
Authors: Tammulis Tammulis , Abubakar Achmad , Mahfudz Muhsin 
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi metode penulisan latar belakang dan rumusan masalah dalam buku Wawasan al-Qur’an tentang al-Bala’ karya Mardan. Rumusan masalahnya ada dua yaitu bagaimana epistimologi latar belakang dan rumusan masalah? Bagaimana implementasi “Latar Belakang dan Rumusan Masalah” dalam buku Wawasan al-Qur’an Terhadap al-Bala’ karya Mardan? Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dengan sumber data primernya adalah buku Wawasan al-Qur’an tentang al-Bala’ karya Mardan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyusunan latar belakang dalam buku Wawasan al-Qur’an tentang al-Bala’ karya Mardan telah memenuhi tiga unsur yaitu adanya gambaran kondisi ril , kondisi ideal dan pentingnya penelitian. Namun pentingnya penelitian tidak disebutkan secara langsung dalam latar belakang akan tetapi tersirat pada pemaparan kondisi problematika. Adapun perumusan rumusan masalahnya, telah terpenuhi 3 unsur filosofisnya yaitu ontologi, epistemologi dan aksiologi
Penggunaan Media Beruang Antik Berbasis STEAM pada Materi Bangun Ruang Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Khoir Ani Kholifatul 
Published: February 2022

Kondisi pada wabah Pandemi Covid -19 yang sedang mewabah di Indonesia ini sangat berpengaruh di segala eknik, salah satunya di bidang pendidikan. Dunia pendidikan merasakan dampak yang sangat luar biasa terutama guru dalam proses belajar, agar pembelajaran tetap menyenangkan meskipun belajar di rumah. Sehingga guru diminta dan dipaksa untuk menbuat perangkat pembelajaran sebagai solusi dan inovasi melalui pemanfaatan berbagai perangkat pembelajaran serta aplikasi daring (online). Media pembelajaran Beruang Antik berbasis STEAM diantaranya disiplin sains, teknologi, Teknik, seni, dan matematika ini peserta didik diajak untuk dapat berpikir secara kritis dengan metode belajar memecahkan masalah serta dapat menggunakan kecanggihan alat teknologi dan strategi belajar yang aktif dan kreatif. Media Beruang Antik dapat membantu peserta didik meningkatkan keterampilan perpikir kreatif dan keterampilan berkomunikasi. Dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran, media Beruang Antik memberdayakan keterlibatan orang tua, untuk mengarahkan peserta didik menyelesaikan masalah, mendorong peserta didik berekplorasi, menemukan cara-cara baru. Keterlibatan Orang tua inilah yang akan membuat pembelajaran secara daring menggunakan Media Berung Antik ini dapat berjalan maksimal.
Kata kunci : Pandemi Covid-19, Media Beruang Antik, STEAM
Pengaruh Persepsi Siswa atas Kreativitas Guru dan Minat Belajar terhadap Hasil Belajar IPA
Authors: Mursabdo Wisnu 
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur besarnya pengaruh langsung dan tak langsung persepsi siswa atas kreativitas guru dan minat belajar terhadap hasil belajar IPA di SMP Kristen Kanaan Jakarta. Penelitian ini memiliki hipotesis : (1) terdapat pengaruh langsung signifikan persepsi siswa atas kreativitas guru terhadap minat belajar, (2) terdapat pengaruh langsung signifikan persepsi siswa atas kreativitas guru terhadap hasil belajar IPA; (3) terdapat pengaruh langsung signifikan minat belajar terhadap hasil belajar IPA. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei dengan analisis jalur (path analysis). Populasi adalah siswa SMP Kristen Kanaan Jakarta TA 2020/2021 yang berjumlah 140 siswa . Jumlah sampel adalah 50 siswa yang dipilih melalui teknik simple random sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan kuisioner daring dan hasil belajar IPA yang diambil dari nilai semester 2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan persepsi siswa atas kreativitas guru dan minat belajar memberi pengaruh besar terhadap hasil belajar IPA. Persepsi siswa atas kreativitas guru memberi pengaruh 55,5% terhadap hasil belajar IPA, sedangkan minat belajar memberi pengaruh 30,3% terhadap hasil belajar IPA. Besarnya pengaruh tak langsung persepsi siswa atas kreativitas guru terhadap hasil belajar IPA adalah sebesar 25,1%. Pengaruh total persepsi siswa terhadap kreativitas guru dan minat belajar terhadap hasil belajar IPA adalah sebesar 76,9%. Sedangkan hasil pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan : (1) terdapat pengaruh langsung persepsi siswa atas kreativitas guru terhadap minat belajar siswa; (2) terdapat pengaruh langsung persepsi siswa atas kreativitas guru terhadap hasil belajar IPA; (3) terdapat pengaruh langsung minat belajar terhadap hasil belajar IPA. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar IPA bisa ditingkatkan dari persepsi siswa atas kreativitas guru dan minat belajar.
obtención de la prueba con torturas, a través de la policía judicial, en el proceso penal
Authors: Rivera-Enríquez Carlos 
Published: February 2022

El presente trabajo de investigación se enmarca dentro del campo jurídico penal, en el cual se describe a la tortura como medio para obtener la prueba a través de la policía judicial; esta prueba adquirida contraviene disposiciones legales establecidas en la Constitución de la República, leyes penales y tratados internacionales que describen a la tortura como un trato inhumano, cruel o degradante y que al realizarse se dispondrá la libertad inmediata de la víctima, su atención integral y especializada; en los casos descritos se observa la aplicación de la tortura para adquirir indicios de responsabilidad del agresor y aplicar una sanción respectiva, pero, desgraciadamente la policía hace uso de estas acciones que violan los derechos humanos de las personas y son declarados culpables por el trato inhumano dado a los agresores y son encarcelados y recobrando la libertad los agresores que luego siguen delinquiendo volviéndose un peligro para sociedad. En países como Estados Unidos, México y otros del continente europeo han visto la necesidad de aplicar la tortura para adquirir información de las acciones a realizarse por grupo subversivos, de narcotráfico y terrorismo, de esta manera evitan grandes masacres de los pueblos donde están incrustados estos grupos que vienen amenazando a personas, familiares, aplican la violencia física, el secuestro y por ende aplican la tortura en sus víctimas. Por tanto se hace necesario implementar legislación adecuada, reglamentos y capacitaciones a personal especializado a nivel nacional e internacional para que, en casos de crímenes y desaparición de víctimas, secuestros se aplique la tortura para adquirir información y salvar vidas.
Diagnostic Performance of Seven Commercial COVID-19 Serology Tests Available in South America
Authors: Rivera-Olivero Ismar A. , Henríquez-Trujillo Aquiles R. , Kyriakidis Nikolaos C. , Ortiz-Prado Esteban , Laglaguano Juan Carlos , Vallejo-Janeta Alexander Paolo , Lozada Tannya , Garcia-Bereguiain Miguel Angel ,   UDLA COVID-19 team
Published: February 2022

BackgroundAlthough RT-qPCR remains the gold-standard for COVID-19 diagnosis, anti-SARS-CoV-2 serology-based assays have been widely used during 2020 as an alternative for individual and mass testing, and are currently used for seroprevalence studies.ObjectiveTo study the clinical performance of seven commercial serological tests for COVID-19 diagnosis available in South America.MethodsWe conducted a blind evaluation of five lateral-flow immunoassays (LFIA) and two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for detecting anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.ResultsWe found no statistically significant differences among ELISA kits and LFIAs for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG sensitivity (values ranging from 76.4% to 83.5%) and specificity (100% for the seven serological assays). For anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM, the five LFIAs have a significantly higher sensitivity for samples collected 15 days after the first time RT-qPCR positive test, with values ranging from 47.1% to 88.2%; moreover, the specificity varied from 85% to 100%, but the only LFIA brand with a 100% specificity had the lowest sensitivity.ConclusionThe diagnostic performance of the seven serological tests was acceptable for the seven brands tested for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG detection for seroprevalence screening purposes. On the other hand, our results show the lack of accuracy of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM detection in LFIAs as a tool for SARS-CoV-2 acute-phase infection diagnosis.
Presence of Cytomegalovirus Infection Is Associated With an Unfavorable Outcome in Immunocompetent Infants With Pertussis
Authors: Jiang Wujun , Chen Sainan , Xu Lina , Xu Xueyun , Huang Li , Wang Yuqing , Hao Chuangli 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundWe aimed to examine cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in immunocompetent infants with pertussis, based on polymerase chain reaction in plasma and broncho alveolar lavage (BAL), and to assess the clinical characteristics and outcomes for these patients.MethodsWe performed a prospective observational cohort study of consecutive infants with pertussis in Children’s Hospital of Soochow University between Jan 2017 and Jan 2020. We report the burden of CMV PCR in plasma and BAL within this patient group, and evaluate associations between CMV infection and pertussis in these hospitalized infants.ResultsDuring the study period, 1,867 infants &lt;1 years were evaluated for pertussis, 190 infants were diagnosed as pertussis. For the 190 pertussis patients, 38 (20.0%) patients had positive CMV PCR in plasma. CMV PCR in plasma had high sensitivity and specificity for CMV PCR in BAL (81.3% and 94.4%, respectively). Children with positive CMV PCR in plasma were 3.67 times more likely to present with severe disease (OR 3.67; CI 1.61-8.36). Comparisons of duration of hospital stay curves using the log-rank test statistic demonstrated that the relative risk of longer hospital stay of positive CMV PCR relative to negative CMV was 1.51 (95% CI: 1.05 to 2.14, P = 0.01).ConclusionsOur study reported a high prevalence of CMV reactivation in immunocompetent infants with lower respiratory tract infection. The presence of CMV in plasma may be associated with an unfavorable outcome in infants with pertussis.
Heart-Rate Recovery at 1 Min After Exercise Predicts Response to Balloon Pulmonary Angioplasty in Patients With Inoperable Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Zhang Yi , Li Xin , Luo Qin , Zhao Qing , Zeng Qixian , Yang Tao , Jin Qi , Yan Lu , Duan Anqi , Ma Xiuping , An Chenhong , Xiong Changming , Zhao Zhihui , Liu Zhihong 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundDysfunction of autonomic nervous system plays an important role in the development of pulmonary hypertension. The present study aimed to investigate the interaction between balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) and cardiac autonomic function by using heart-rate recovery at 1 min (HRR1) after exercise as a surrogate marker.Methods and ResultsWe retrospectively enrolled 89 consecutive patients with inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension who underwent BPA from May, 2018 to Jan, 2021. According to hemodynamics at follow-up, patients were categorized as BPA responders if they met one or both of the following criteria: (1) mean pulmonary arterial pressure ≤ 30 mmHg and (2) a reduction of pulmonary vascular resistance ≥ 30%. Compared with baseline, HRR1 tended to increase within 7 days after the first BPA session, and this improvement persisted at follow-up. HRR1 at baseline and at follow-up were associated with well-validated markers of CTEPH severity, including N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, mean pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance. Furthermore, the change of HRR1 from baseline to follow-up was also associated with the change of those variables. After adjustment for confounders, baseline HRR1 was still a strong independent predictor of BPA outcome. Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis showed that the cutoff value for HRR1 in predicting BPA outcome was 19 beats.ConclusionsBPA could significantly improve HRR1, suggesting the alleviation of sympathovagal imbalance. Easily available and non-invasive HRR1 seems to be a useful tool in predicting outcome of BPA and dynamically monitoring the efficacy of BPA.
Distribution and Dynamics of Radiatively Active Gas (RAG) Emissions From Major Estuaries of the Sundarbans Mangrove, India
Authors: Acharya Avanti , Sanyal Prasun , Paul Madhusudan , Gupta Vandana Kumari , Bakshi Sneha , Mukhopadhyay Sandip Kumar 
Published: February 2022

The world’s largest mangroves ecosystem, the Sundarbans, being highly productive and a place for extensive organic matter cycling, is considered to be the hotspot for biogeochemical studies in the tropical estuarine environment. Hence, the spatial and temporal dynamics of the biogenic gases (CO2, CH4, and N2O), also known as radiatively active gases, were measured in mangrove-dominated estuaries of the system. In addition to spatial and seasonal observation, three full tidal cycles were observed at one site. Results showed that the air/water gas saturations were widely distributed and highly variable along the stretch. The gas saturations showed varying responses to salinity and tidal fluctuations. This indicated that localized biogeochemical processes may be more influential than simple mixing and dilution processes in controlling the variability of these gases. The surface waters were always supersaturated with CH4 (Up to 13,133%) relative to the atmosphere. However, N2O ranged from 8 to 1,286% and CO2 from 30 to 2075%. N2O fluxes were ∼4.8 times higher in the pre-monsoon than the post-monsoon. CH4 fluxes were ∼3.6 times higher in the pre-monsoon than both the monsoon and the post-monsoon. CO2 fluxes were ∼10 times higher in the monsoon than both the pre-monsoon and the post-monsoon. The seasonality in the gas saturation could be linked more to the availability of substrates than physicochemical parameters. Overall, air/water CH4 fluxes varied maximally (0.4–18.4 μmol m−2 d−1), followed by CO2 fluxes (−0.6–10.9 mmol m−2 d−1), and N2O fluxes varied the least of all (−0.6–5.4 μmol m−2 d−1). Interestingly, CH4 and N2O fluxes were positively correlated to each other (p &lt; 0.05), suggesting organic matter decomposition as the key factor in the production of these two gases. Finally, these water–air CO2, CH4, and N2O flux estimates show that the estuaries are a modest source of CH4 but fluctuate between sources and sinks for CO2 and N2O gases.
Trophectoderm Biopsy Differentially Influences the Level of Serum β-Human Chorionic Gonadotropin With Different Embryonic Trophectoderm Scores in Early Pregnancy From 7847 Single-Blastocyst Transfer Cycles
Authors: Li Yuan , Wen Quan , Liao Jingnan , Ma Shujuan , Zhang Shuoping , Gu Yifan , Tang Yi , Luo Keli , Yang Xiaoyi , Lu Guang-Xiu , Lin Ge , Gong Fei 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate whether trophectoderm (TE) biopsy differentially influence the level of serum β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) with different TE-scored blastocysts transferred in early pregnancy.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study contained 7847 single-blastocyst transfer cycles executed between January 2019 and June 2020, including 2657 preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) cycles and 5190 in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. All cycles were classified into biopsy and control groups, and further stratified based on the TE morphological scores into three subgroups: grades A, B, and C for TE scores, respectively. Intra-group and inter-group analyses were performed on serum β-hCG levels on the 12th day after blastocyst transfer (HCG12), and obstetric and neonatal outcomes.ResultsFor cycles with a live birth, in grade A TE score subgroups, the HCG12 level did not exhibit statistical significance between the control and biopsy groups after adjustment (769 mIU/mL vs. 753 mIU/mL, P=0.631). In contrast, in grade B and C TE score subgroups, the control group showed a significantly higher level of HCG12 relative to the biopsy group (690 mIU/mL vs. 649 mIU/mL, P=0.001; 586 mIU/mL vs. 509 mIU/mL, P&lt;0.001, respectively). We observed no statistically significant differences in obvious adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes between the same TE-score subgroups of the biopsy group and control group.ConclusionsWhile blastocysts with higher TE grades produced higher serum β-hCG levels in early pregnancy, TE biopsy might exert a negative impact on serum β-hCG levels by blastocysts with a grade-B TE score and below. TE biopsy did not increase the risk for adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes.
Techno-Economic Evaluation of Novel Hybrid Biomass and Electricity-Based Ethanol Fuel Production
Authors: Melin Kristian , Nieminen Harri , Klüh Daniel , Laari Arto , Koiranen Tuomas , Gaderer Matthias 
Published: February 2022

In order to limit climate change, fast greenhouse gas reductions are required already before 2030. Ethanol commonly produced by fermentation of sugars derived either from starch-based raw material such as corn, or lignocellulosic biomass is an established fuel decarbonizing the transport sector. We present a novel selective and flexible process concept for the production of ethanol with electricity and lignocellulosic biomass as main inputs. The process consists of several consecutive steps. First synthesis gas from gasification of biomass is purified by filtration and reforming and fed to methanol synthesis. The produced methanol is fed to acetic acid synthesis, together with a carbon monoxide-rich stream separated from the synthesis gas by membranes. Finally, acetic acid is hydrogenated to yield ethanol. With the exception of acetic acid hydrogenation, the overall process consists of technically mature subprocesses. Each process step was modelled in Aspen Plus to generate the mass and energy balances for the overall process. Additionally, the CO2emissions and economic feasibility were assessed. Three separate cases were investigated. In the first two cases, the syngas carbon (CO and CO2) was split between methanol and acetic acid synthesis. The cases included either allothermal (case A) or electrically heated reforming (case B). In case C, maximum amount of CO was sent to acetic acid synthesis to maximize the acetic acid output, requiring a small additional carbon dioxide input to methanol synthesis. In all cases, additional hydrogen to methanol synthesis was provided by water electrolysis. Each case was designed at biomass input of 27.9 MW and the electrolyzer electricity requirement between 36 and 43.5 MW, depending on the case. The overall energy efficiency was calculated at 53–57%, and carbon efficiencies were above 90%. The lowest levelized cost of ethanol was 0.65 €/l, at biomass cost of 20 €/MWh and electricity cost of 45 €/MWh and production scale of approximately 42 kt ethanol per year. The levelized cost is competitive with the current biological route for lignocellulosic ethanol production. The ethanol price is very sensitive to the electricity cost, varying from 0.56 to 0.74 €/l at ±30% variation in electricity cost.
Microwave-Assisted Camellia oleifera Abel Shell Biochar Catalyzed Fast Pyrolysis of Waste Vegetable Oil to Produce Aromatic-Rich Bio-Oil
Authors: Xia Meiling , Wang Yunpu , Wu Qiuhao , Zeng Yuan , Zhang Shumei , Dai Leilei , Zou Rongge , Liu Yuhuan , Ruan Roger 
Published: February 2022

In this work, Camellia oleifera Abel shell was used as a feedstock to prepare biochar by HNO3 impregnation and pyrolysis. The biochar was used for the catalytic pyrolysis of waste vegetable oil to prepare bio-oil. Experimental results showed that HNO3 solution treatment had an important effect on the groups and structure of the biochar catalyst. When the solid/liquid ratio of pretreatment was 1:3, the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller specific surface area of the 1:3–600°C biochar is 392.65 m2/g, which is approximately 677 times higher than that of untreated biochar. Moreover, the biochar catalyst had a remarkable catalytic performance. The selectivity of the monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in the bio-oil was up to 78.82%, and the oxy-compound could be completely removed at the catalytic temperature of 600°C. However, the increase of the catalyst-to-waste vegetable oil ratio and catalytic temperature decreased the bio-oil yield.