bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A blood-based miRNA signature with prognostic value for overall survival in advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer treated with immunotherapy
Authors: Rajakumar Timothy , Horos Rastislav , Jehn Julia , Schenz Judith , Muley Thomas , Pelea Oana , Hofmann Sarah , Kittner Paul , Kahraman Mustafa , Heuvelman Marco , Sikosek Tobias , Feufel Jennifer , Skottke Jasmin , Nötzel Dennis , Hinkfoth Franziska , Tikk Kaja , Daniel-Moreno Alberto , Ceiler Jessika , Mercaldo Nathaniel , Uhle Florian , Uhle Sandra , Weigand Markus A. , Elshiaty Mariam , Lusky Fabienne , Schindler Hannah , Ferry Quentin , Sauka-Spengler Tatjana , Wu Qianxin , Rabe Klaus F. , Reck Martin , Thomas Michael , Christopoulos Petros , Steinkraus Bruno R. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractImmunotherapies have recently gained traction as highly effective therapies in a subset of late-stage cancers. Unfortunately, only a minority of patients experience the remarkable benefits of immunotherapies, whilst others fail to respond or even come to harm through immune-related adverse events. For immunotherapies within the PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor class, patient stratification is currently performed using tumor (tissue-based) PD-L1 expression. However, PD-L1 is an accurate predictor of response in only ~30% of cases. There is pressing need for more accurate biomarkers for immunotherapy response prediction. We sought to identify peripheral blood biomarkers, predictive of response to immunotherapies against lung cancer, based on whole blood microRNA profiling. Using three well-characterized cohorts consisting of a total of 334 stage IV NSCLC patients, we have defined a 5 microRNA risk score (miRisk) that is predictive of overall survival following immunotherapy in training and independent validation (HR 2.40, 95% CI 1.37–4.19; P < 0.01) cohorts. We have traced the signature to a myeloid origin and performed miRNA target prediction to make a direct mechanistic link to the PD-L1 signaling pathway and PD-L1 itself. The miRisk score offers a potential blood-based companion diagnostic for immunotherapy that outperforms tissue-based PD-L1 staining.
Crystalline sulfur-functionalized poly(α-olefin) synthesized by scandium-catalyzed coordination polymerization
Authors: Liu Zhao-Xuan , Xu Tie-Qi 
Published: March 2022

Combined with organoborate, the scandium complex catalyzed monomers to produce a series of syndiotactic sulfur-functionalized poly(α-olefin)s (rrrr of up to 0.95) which formed crystalline materials with a Tm of up to 91 °C.
Uptake of formative feedback: perspective from a transnational education cohort
Authors: Menon Sabita , Clyne Rosemary K. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
An important aspect of teaching and learning is the student’s response to and enaction of formative feedback. Few studies have examined how students interpret the formative feedback provided by tutors and translate these into action. In order to understand this better, we carried out a retrospective analysis of student responses to iterative formative feedback. The context of the present study is an extracurricular project where undergraduate biomedical science students on a transnational education programme competed in an extracurricular, cross-disciplinary video competition. Based on detailed analysis of provided feedback and subsequent enaction of the feedback, we found that students were active participants in the feedback process, engaged with the meaningful feedback critically, and incorporated the relevant changes to improve the final output. In this article, we will give our perspectives on how students understand, process and act on feedback, and also examine the features of the feedback that elicited these responses from students.
Sentence Production in a Discourse Context in Latent Aphasia: A Real-Time Study
Authors: Salis Christos , DeDe Gayle 
Published: April 2022

Purpose:The purpose of this study was to improve our understanding as to which factors determine online, spoken sentence production abilities of adults with latent aphasia in a discourse context.Method:Discourse samples of the story of Cinderella elicited from AphasiaBank were analyzed with speech analysis software. Participants comprised people with latent and anomic aphasia as well as neurotypical controls (10 per group). Durations of pauses (silent and filled) were analyzed according to (a) the location they occurred (between or within sentences), (b) the syntactic complexity of sentences (simple, complex), and (c) sentence length (number of words). Statistical comparisons were conducted using mixed-effect models.Results:The two clinical groups (latent and anomic) differed from controls in the duration of pauses, both between and within sentences. Syntactic complexity did not exert an effect on either of the two clinical groups as compared with controls. As compared with controls, both clinical groups paused more before long in comparison with short sentences.Conclusion:Reduction in processing speed, which affects the ability to simultaneously maintain multiple linguistic and other cognitive demands associated with planning and monitoring of utterances, is a major factor that compromises sentence production in spoken discourse in latent aphasia.Supplemental Material:https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.19448726
Histologic Investigation of the Salpingopharyngeus
Authors: Perta Karen , Sewell Leslie , Cray James , Bae Youkyung , Kalmar Eileen 
Published: April 2022

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to characterize the histologic contents of the salpingopharyngeal fold. The primary objective was to observe the presence of salpingopharyngeus (SP) muscle fibers, particularly at the section near the muscle origin at the torus tubarius (TT).

Method:
Histologic samples of the salpingopharyngeal fold from 10 cadavers (six females and four males) were analyzed. Following a head bisection, a tissue sample measuring 5 mm in length along the course of the salpingopharyngeal fold was collected from one side (i.e., right or left). The tissue sample was taken from the estimated base of the TT to a point 5 mm inferiorly. Slides were prepared using a standard histological approach and basic pathological staining and analyzed via bright-field microscopy.

Results:
Skeletal muscle fibers were identified in eight of the 10 tissue blocks of the salpingopharyngeal fold, with dense connective tissue identified in the remaining two tissue blocks. Glandular material was also identified in all 10 tissue blocks.

Conclusions:
Skeletal muscle fibers and/or dense connective tissue can be consistently identified in the section of the salpingopharyngeal fold near the TT. Glandular material is also consistently present in this same region of the salpingopharyngeal fold. These findings are discussed in relation to possible functional roles of the salpingopharyngeal fold contents, including the SP muscle.
A new hough transform operated in a bounded cartesian coordinate parameter space
Authors: Yang Gen , Hu Junping , Hou Zhicheng , Zhang Gong , Wang Weijun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a new Hough transform is proposed to detect lines with geometric meanings. In the standard Hough transform, lines are parameterized by the length and orientation of the normal vector from the origin to the line. The parameter space of the standard Hough transform is presented in a polar coordinate system. Geometric measurements such as distance and angle are not suitable in polar coordinate space due to the inconsistency of the axes. To deal with this problem, a Hough transform which is carried out in a bounded Cartesian coordinate parameter space is developed. The lines are represented by their perpendicular feet with respect to a fixed point. Since the parameter space is in Cartesian coordinate space, it is intuitive to the researchers. When detecting the peaks in the parameter space, distance and angle constraints can be applied. The effectiveness of the proposed method has been illustrated by two applications, that is, lane line detection and convex polygon extraction. The results show that the proposed Cartesian coordinate Hough transform is suitable for detecting meaningful lines.
Therapeutic Potential of Isorhamnetin following Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity through Targeting NLRP3/NF-κB/Nrf2
Authors: Rousta Ali-Mohammad , Mirahmadi Seyed-Mohamad-Sadegh , Shahmohammadi Alireza , Mehrabi Zhila , Fallah Soudabeh , Baluchnejadmojarad Tourandokht , Roghani Mehrdad 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAcetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute liver injury (ALI) is the principal cause of acute liver failure (ALF) in some countries including the United States and with few available treatments. Isorhamnetin is a bioflavonoid that is found in medicinal plants like Hippophae rhamnoides L. and Ginkgo biloba L. with promising potential to regulate inflammatory responses. In this study, we evaluated the possible effect of isorhamnetin in prevention of APAP-induced ALI and analyzed further the involvement of oxidative stress and inflammation-associated factors. Male C57BL/6 mice were given isorhamnetin (25 or 100 mg/kg b.w., p.o.) three times at 48, 24, and 1 h before APAP administration (300 mg/kg b.w., i.p.). Functional indicators of liver injury were measured as well as analysis of oxidative stress- and inflammation-associated indices and liver histopathology was also conducted. Isorhamnetin at the higher dose of 100 mg/kg significantly lowered serum levels of ALT, ALP, and AST in addition to reduction of ROS, TBARS, IL-6, TNFα, NF-kB, NLRP3, caspase 1, and MPO and significantly prevented reduction of GSH, SOD activity, sirtuin 1, and Nrf2. Additionally, isorhamnetin alleviated pathological changes of the liver tissue and suitably reversed NF-kB and Nrf2 immunoreactivity. These findings show protective effect of isorhamnetin against acetaminophen-induced liver injury through reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and pyroptosis which is attributed to its regulation of NF-kB, Nrf2, NLRP3, and sirtuin 1.
Case Series for Gamma Knife Surgery for Arteriovenous Malformation Associated Intracranial Aneurysms
Authors: Baek Jungwook , Kim Mooseong , Pyo Seyoung , Heo Youngjin , Kim Seong Ho , Ahn Cheol , Kim Jeongeun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective The incidence of aneurysms coexisting with arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) ranges between 2.7% and 16.7%. The anatomical relationship between AVM and aneurysm is critical in deciding the best management.
Methods Between October 1994 and August 2017, gamma knife surgery (GKS) was performed in six patients with AVMs and associated aneurysms. The patients consisted of four men and two women with a mean age of 37.8 years (range, 18−57 years). The mean follow-up was 34.2 months (range, 13−84 months). The mean maximal dose was 35.9 Gy and the mean margin dose to AVM was 18 Gy. Coil embolization was performed in one of the aneurysms prior to GKS. In our study, GKS was performed in six AVM-associated aneurysms. Of the six aneurysms, four were intranidal and two were pedicular. The mean volume of AVMs was 3.6 cm3 (range, 1.6−6.5 cm3).
Results The locations of aneurysms are as follows: four on posterior cerebral artery (PCA), one on posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA), and one on middle cerebral artery (MCA). Sublocation sites were MCA M3 above, PCA P3 above, and PICA distal. There were no GKS-related complications. Complete obliteration of AVM and aneurysm was documented in all four patients with intranidal aneurysm-associated AVMs. Both the aneurysm and AVM were completely obliterated in the two patients with proximal pedicular aneurysms.
Conclusion GKS is a possible treatment for AVM with associated intranidal or pedicular aneurysms located above P3 or M3, etc., in which there is less turbulent flow and jet flow.
Information structure and Jespersen’s cycle
Authors: Magistro Giuseppe , Crocco Claudia , Breitbarth Anne 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this paper we report the results of an exploratory experiment aiming to examine the division of labour between syntax, phonology, and information structure in linguistic change, in particular, Jespersen’s cycle. According to previous literature, new expressions of negation start out from narrow focus contexts and lose this restriction when they become reanalysed as neutral negators. This leads to the expectation that prosodic correlates of (narrow) focus should be lost in the syntactic reanalysis of emerging negative markers. Looking at a group of North Italian dialects that are currently at different stages of (incipient) Jespersen’s cycle, we show that in more advanced varieties, we find a reduction of the new negator in pitch, duration and spectral organization, confirming our hypothesis.
On the role of information structure in the licensing of null subjects in Old High German
Authors: Cognola Federica 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper focuses on the distribution of null subjects in inti coordinated clauses in the Old High German translation of Tatian’s Diatessaron and shows that the presence of null referential subjects in this construction should not be analysed as a case of Topic drop of the same type of present-day German, but as a case of pure pro-drop of Romance type, involving the presence of a silent category pro licensed via a matching relation with a null Topic in CP (cf. Frascarelli 2007, 2018). The analysis will be shown to be able to also account for the presence of V1 main clauses with free-inversion (Inversion nach inti sentences, cf. Coniglio & Schlachter 2013) and to offer a novel scenario on the loss of both the Inversion nach inti construction and pro-drop in the history of German.
Africa’s lion economies and their gendered impacts: lessons from Asia
Authors: Gaynor Niamh 
Published: April 2022

SUMMARY
This Debate addresses the ‘Eastern turn’ in policy and direction among Africa’s fast growing lion economies. It focuses in particular on recent recommendations in the African political economy literature for a reorientation in investment towards low-wage, labour-intensive manufacturing industries. Drawing on relevant empirical studies from Asia, it argues that there are significant gendered implications to this Eastern turn which, to date, have largely been ignored in the mainstream African literature. A widening of discourse and policy in ways that move beyond ‘add women and stir’ approaches, to address broader structural constraints to women’s economic participation, is recommended.
Efficient stitching method of tiled scanned microelectronic images
Authors: Zhu Huabo , Han Xu , Tao Yourui 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Sparse features and repetitive textures are frequently presented in microelectronic microscopic images. Therefore, it is challenging for image stitching to meet the requirements of high-speed precision manufacturing. A novel image stitching method for tiled images is proposed to generate panoramic images of microelectronics quickly and accurately. According to the preset scan trajectory, grids were established between adjacent images for feature matching. The clustering algorithm was used to screen reasonable and multiple sets of registrations. Then, all registrations were used as connecting edges, and images were used as nodes, to create a multigraph. The unique registration in multigraph was solved by a non-linear minimization problem with linear constraints. Finally, image transformations were computed in global optimization for rendering panoramic images via image warping. The experimental results show that the proposed method improves the stability and efficiency of image stitching, furthermore, it maintains an equivalent level of precision as the Fiji and microscopy image stitching tool methods.
Underwater turbulence effect on optical imaging
Authors: Ata Yalçın , Gökçe Muhsin Caner , Baykal Yahya 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Modulation transfer function (MTF) of oceanic turbulence plays an essential role in the design and quality of underwater image sensing systems capturing optical signals. MTF gives clues about the characteristics of turbulence which can help image reconstruction where the image resolution can be increased in this way. In the paper, under the conditions of weak turbulence and Gaussian beam propagation, we derive the modulation transfer function for short-exposure and long-exposure images based on the recently developed turbulence spectrum model: Oceanic turbulence optical power spectrum (OTOPS). With the aid of the OTOPS model, the effect of measurable turbulence parameters, namely average temperature, average salinity concentration, and temperature-salinity gradient ratios, as well as imaging system parameters, namely receiver aperture radius and wavelength of the laser source on the MTF are reported. Obtained results indicate that MTF rapidly decreases with increasing relative spatial frequency and turbulence strength. Turbulence becomes stronger with the increase in the average temperature, average salinity concentration, energy dissipation rate, temperature-salinity gradient ratio and with the decrease in the temperature dissipation rate, wavelength.
Microwave signal generation with discrete mode laser diode
Authors: Yao Cheng-Kai , Chen Ying-Huan , Manie Yibeltal Chanie , Bitew Mekuanint Agegnehu , Peng Peng-Chun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Microwave signals with low phase noise can be broadly used in communication systems, satellite communications, and radar systems. Discrete mode laser diode (DM-LD) has the capacity to generate signals that meet the above requirements. Moreover, it has the following advantages such as stable operation over a wide temperature range, very high side mode suppression ratio, low sensitivity to optical feedback, and narrow linewidth. In this paper, we proposed and experimentally demonstrated DM-LD for generating the second harmonic signal in the self-starting microwave generation system. The results show that DM-LD effectively reduces the single sideband (SSB) phase noise of the fundamental signals and its second harmonic signals better than the same designed experimental system using a distributed feedback LD, which reduces the SSB noise of the fundamental signal/its second harmonic signal by over 16/22 dB, 18/22 dB, 13/19 dB at a frequency offset of 10 kHz, 100 kHz, and 1 MHz, respectively.
The optical-mechanical analogy for wave mechanics: a new hope
Authors: Delphenich D H 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The continuum-mechanical formulation of wave mechanics suggests that there is an intermediate stage of theoretical generality between wave mechanics and point mechanics, namely, continuum mechanics. When that argument is applied to the corresponding transition from wave optics to geometrical optics, the corresponding intermediate stage is essentially the geometrical theory of diffraction, i.e., the theory of diffracted geodesics.
Generalized equations and their solutions in the (S, 0) + (0, S) representations of the Lorentz group
Authors: Dvoeglazov Valeriy V. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
I present explicit examples of generalizations in relativistic quantum mechanics. First of all, I discuss the generalized spin-1/2 equations for neutrinos. They have been obtained by means of the Gersten-Sakurai method for derivations of arbitrary-spin relativistic equations. Possible physical consequences are discussed. Next, it is easy to check that both Dirac algebraic equation Det(

p
^

– m) = 0 and Det(

p
^

+ m) = 0 for u – and υ – 4-spinors have solutions with

p
0

=

±

E
p

=

±

p
2

+

m
2

. The same is true for higher-spin equations. Meanwhile, every book considers the equality p0 = Ep for both u – and υ – spinors of the (1/2, 0) ⊕ (0, 1/2) representation, thus applying the Dirac-Feynman-Stueckelberg procedure for elimination of the negative-energy solutions. The recent Ziino works (and, independently, the articles of several others) show that the Fock space can be doubled. We re-consider this possibility on the quantum field level for both S = 1/2 and higher spin particles. The third example is: we postulate the non-commutativity of 4-momenta, and we derive the mass splitting in the Dirac equation. The applications are discussed.
Michelson’s analysis of errors in his 1881/87 experiments of the two swimmers contest; Necessity of correcting college textbooks
Authors: Has Ioan , Miclaus Simona , Has Aurelian 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The Paper highlights discovery from 2000 of two Errors (ERM81/87) by Michelson in analysis of his experiments ME81/87. ERM81/87 has also been addressed in series of previous articles by the authors. ERM81/87 consisted of assuming the transverse path of light ray 2 or of SW2 swimmer, to be an isosceles triangle (Error 1) inclined with angle β’ in referential frame (RF) ether/water (E/W), or a double orthogonal path (in RF device/bank (D/B)), thus calculating the wrong result, t2 < t1, or Δt = t1-t2 > 0, (Error 2), states SW2 wins the contest. In ERM81/87 it is proven firstly, by Demonstration 1, based on logic, starting from the non-observance in Michelson’s analysis, of rules of correctness and fair play, in development of the two swimmers contest (TSC). Rresulted in correct transversal path as a right triangle, with t2 = t1 (in RF, E/W), the correct contest result is a draw. Demonstration 2 consists, in correction of SW2 route, resulting under fair play conditions, for transversal path, a right triangle with hypotenuse inclined at angle 2β (in RF, E/W) and t2 = t1 or Δt = 0, with the contest result in a tie. Demonstration 3 is based on a new Generalised Case (GC) of the TSC where the orientation of the starting path of SW1 can be inclined at any angle α, always one obtains, t1 = t2, the correct result. Evidence provided shows Michelson designed his interferometer by analogy with TSC, Michelson considered SW2 the winner. Evidence provided in 1892 by Lorenz expressed doubts about the correctness of Michelson’s analysis of ME81/87, without finding errors. We show, an initial error (ERM81) was committed by Michelson in ME81analysis, erroneously superposing paths for SW2 (in RF, D/B), and in incorrect calculations of t2 and Δt obtaining t2 < t1, an error communicated to him by Potier, which also mentioned the correct result Δt = 0, without any demonstration. In analysis of ME87, Michelson acknowledged the error, modified the path of SW2 to isosceles triangle (in RF, E/W), and made new t2 calculation. But he reduced by only half, the Δt compared to Δt in ME81, meaning the basic error in Δt (ERM87) has persisted, until today. We emphasize that errors ERM81/87 in TSC are repeatedly printed, and appear in all college physics textbooks around the world, exemplifying by presenting four such excerpts from college textbooks from the US and Canada. Thus, a correction of ERM81/87 is required, starting with the correction of the TSC, by admitting the correct result of equality of SW1 and SW2, in all college physics textbooks. As result the ether can be reintroduced into physics with multiple consequences including re-evaluation of the Special Relativity Theory.