bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Charged compact objects by e–MGD approach
Authors: Azmat Hina , Tello-Ortiz Francisco , Zubair M , Alvarez A 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this work, we analyze the incidence of gravitational decoupling through the extended minimal geometric deformation (e–MGD) approach in the framework of f(R, T) gravity theory, applying it on a spherically symmetric and static charged isotropic matter distribution. Specifically, the well–known Krori–Barua toy model is translated to an anisotropic domain by deforming the complete space–time. To do so, the so–called θ–sector has been solved by using the mimic constraint for the radial pressure and a general equation of state relating the components of the θ

μ
ν
source. A thoroughly study on the main salient features of the output such as density, radial pressure, transverse pressure and anisotropy factor is performed to check the feasibility of the model, in order to determine whether this structure can represent real celestial bodies such as neutron stars. Furthermore, the consequences of e–MGD on some relevant astrophysical parameters, that is, the total mass M, gravitational redshift z and time dilation d
τ around the object are explored. It is found that the maximum mass provided by this toy model is M = 2.506M
⊙, corresponding to the massive neutron stars.
Radio-frequency plasma to clean ITER front-end diagnostic mirrors in geometry of Edge Thomson Scattering system
Authors: Ushakov Andrey , van Veldhoven Jacqueline , Rijnsent Corné , Yatsuka Eiichi , Verlaan Ad , Stephan Ulf , Steinke Olaff , Maniscalco Matthew , Moser Lucas , Bassan Michele , Yokoyama Masahito , van Beekum Erik , Takaki Hatae 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The ITER Edge Thomson scattering (ETS) system provides electron temperature and density profile measurements in the ITER tokamak. In collection optics, the front-end metallic first and second mirrors are expected to experience contamination with beryllium, tungsten and construction materials. Plasma cleaning based on a low-pressure radiofrequency discharge is expected to sputter contaminants. In the plasma cleaning system, a water-cooled first mirror is combined with a powered electrode. Water cooling was realized as a notch filter for the driving frequency with the electrode grounded for a DC-voltage. To understand plasma cleaning effects, a new test model reproducing the ETS First and the Second mirror geometries in a vacuum chamber was developed. Ion energies and fluxes were measured for 40–50 MHz discharges in argon and helium at 1–10 Pa with and without the notch filter for various power transmission schemes. Powers in plasma were increased to 300–400 W to achieve ion fluxes suitable for cleaning. 40 MHz discharges were used for cleaning as being more stable. In helium at 5 Pa the ion flux of 1.3·1019 ions·m−2 s−1 and the ion energies of 120–140 eV were considered for cleaning. Sputtering rates of metal layers were measured at 4–5 nm h−1 for W/WO3 films. Sputtering rates were non-uniform over the electrode and were lower than 0.5 nm h−1 at the edges. At 40–50 MHz, two independent discharges could be ignited at the First and the Second mirrors in argon and helium, and were maintained with minimum interference. Redeposition rate on the walls was estimated as 1–1.5 nm h−1, mainly consisting of the chamber construction materials. Parasitic discharges were observed at powers above 200 W in plasma and influenced plasma stability at pressures 1–2 Pa. The results are important for a number of ITER optical diagnostics where plasma cleaning of front-end water-cooled diagnostic mirrors shall be used.
Compact and efficient wire grid reflecting polarizersat 121.6 nm
Authors: Zhao Zhuan , Ma Teng , Xiao Jinrui , Xu Zhihao , Zhang Bingzhi , Pan Shusheng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this work, two structures of wire grid reflecting polarizers have been proposed and optimized through simulation at the target wavelength of 121.6 nm (H Lyman-α), which aims to realize compact and efficient polarizers for measuring the magnetic field vector of the solar corona. Both structures are based on a high reflective patterned Al/MgF2 bi-layer on top of an absorbent substrate, and a layer of MgF2 is sandwiched in the Al gaps to prevent it from being oxidized. Two promising solutions were selected, exhibiting a polarization degree of more than 99.99% and a TE-reflectance over 0.3. Their sensitivity to nanowire parameters has been carried out to evaluate manufacturing feasibility. The angular and spectral performance demonstrated that such polarizers have the large potential to significantly contribute to the future far-ultraviolet (FUV) instruments.
Correlation between structures and atomic transport properties of compound forming liquid Cu-In alloys
Authors: Lalnuntluanga C , Lalneihpuii R , Pachuau Zodinpuia , Mishra Raj Kumar 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Lebowitz solution of the Percus-Yevick hard-sphere mixture is invoked with the square-well potential function to determine Ashcroft-Langreth type three partial correlation functions in binary Cu-In liquid alloys. These computed partial correlation functions have been employed to generate Bhatia-Thornton fluctuations in the considered melts. Using these structural parameters we investigate the temperature and composition-dependent diffusion coefficients of considered melts. The computed values of concentration-concentration fluctuations,

S

C
C

(
0
)

in the long-wavelength limit, and the Warren-Cowley short-range order parameter,

α
'

show the formation of chemical compounds between unlike atoms in the In-rich region of Cu-In melts. We find a very good agreement between theoretically formulated and computed data of

S

C
C

(
0
)

with the corresponding experimental values. Computed results of

S

C
C

(
0
)

and

α
'

suggest that hetero coordination is favorable over homo coordination in the investigated melts. The validity of the Stokes-Einstein relation was observed over a wide range of temperatures and compositions in the investigated melts. Further, a new correlation between two body pair excess entropy and the Stoke-Einstein relation has been formulated for square-well binary liquid alloys. Surface tension and compressibility as a function of In composition have been computed through microscopic structural functions of the alloys. Computed

S

C
C

(
0
)

,

α
'
,

surface tension and ratio of mutual to intrinsic diffusion (D

m

/D

id
) are found comparable to available simulated data. The computed values of shear viscosity are in good agreement with the experimental data. Calculated results suggest that the combination of hard sphere potential with square-well tail under mean spherical model approximation is one of the good method for determining the structures and transport coefficients of compound forming binary liquid alloys.
Spectral analysis and line strengths of Tm2O3 doped ZrF4-BaF2-LaF3-AlF3-NaF glass under upconversion excitation at a pumping wavelength of 1064 nm
Authors: El-Agmy R M , El-Maaref A A 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In the visible range at blue 455 nm, 482 nm, and red 670 nm under upconversion pumping at a wavelength of 1064 nm, spectroscopic characteristics, and transition rates in Tm3+ doped 0.53 ZrF4, 0.2 BaF2, 0.04 LaF3, and 0.03 AlF3 and 0.2 NaF (ZBLAN) glass matrix are described. The Judd-Ofelt theory is applied to calculate the contributions from electric and magnetic dipoles to the optical intensity parameters (Ωt), which are found to be as follows: Ω2 = 1.4703 ± 0.0675, Ω4 = 0.7477 ± 0.0536, Ω6 = 0.6202 ± 0.0212. For transitions originating from the 1D2, 1G4, 2F2, 3F3, and 3F4 levels, branching ratios (β), radiative lifetimes (τ
rad in ms units), and transition probabilities (in s−1) have been calculated. Additionally, we evaluated the optical gain at 455 nm, 467 nm, and 670 nm, as well as the absorption/emission cross sections for the three visible transitions. According to the obtained results, the transition at 455 nm (1D2 → 3F4) had the largest emission cross section values compared to transitions at 482 nm (1G4 → 3H6) and 670 nm (3F2 → 3H6). Furthermore, the transition probability.is theoretically calculated for the ultraviolet (UV) range 172–283.8 nm. A good agreement is found between the calculations and the measurements for the visible range.
Explaining the W boson mass anomaly and dark matter with a U(1) dark sector*
Authors: Zhang Kai-Yu , Feng Wan-Zhe 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The W boson mass recently reported by the CDF collaboration shows a deviation from the standard model prediction with an excess at the

level. We investigate two simple extensions of the standard model with an extra

dark sector. One is the

extension, where the

gauge field mixes with the standard model through gauge kinetic terms. The other is a general

extension of the standard model. Fitting various experimental constraints, we find that the

extension with only kinetic mixing can enhance the W boson mass by 10 MeV at most. The

extension can easily generate a 77 MeV enhancement of the W boson mass and also offer a viable dark matter candidate with a mass ranging from several hundred GeV to TeV, which may be detected by future dark matter direct detection experiments with improved sensitivities.
Locality defeats the curse of dimensionality in convolutional teacher–student scenarios*
Authors: Favero Alessandro , Cagnetta Francesco , Wyart Matthieu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Convolutional neural networks perform a local and translationally-invariant treatment of the data: quantifying which of these two aspects is central to their success remains a challenge. We study this problem within a teacher–student framework for kernel regression, using ‘convolutional’ kernels inspired by the neural tangent kernel of simple convolutional architectures of given filter size. Using heuristic methods from physics, we find in the ridgeless case that locality is key in determining the learning curve exponent β (that relates the test error ϵ

t
∼ P
−β
to the size of the training set P), whereas translational invariance is not. In particular, if the filter size of the teacher t is smaller than that of the student s, β is a function of s only and does not depend on the input dimension. We confirm our predictions on β empirically. We conclude by proving, under a natural universality assumption, that performing kernel regression with a ridge that decreases with the size of the training set leads to similar learning curve exponents to those we obtain in the ridgeless case.
On the partition function of the Sp(4) integrable vertex model
Authors: Ribeiro G A P , Klümper A , Pearce P A 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this paper we investigate certain fusion relations associated to an integrable vertex model on the square lattice which is invariant under Sp(4) symmetry. We establish a set of functional relations which include a transfer matrix inversion identity. The solution of these relations in the thermodynamic limit allows us to compute the partition function per site of the fundamental Sp(4) representation of the vertex model. As a byproduct we also obtain the partition function per site of a vertex model mixing the four and five dimensional representations of the Sp(4) symmetry.
Reproduction of the spatial brightness on a high-luminance large screen display
Authors: Ishiwata Y , Kage H , Harimoto K , Yoshizawa N 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to verify whether the spatial brightness of the real space can be reproduced using the high-luminance large screen display. Firstly, we conducted the subjective experiment in the real space. Next, the linear scaling images to present on the high-luminance large screen display were made from luminance and chromaticity data measured in the real space. The maximum value presentable by the display was 1,200cd/m2, therefore, luminance above 1,200cd/m2 were blown out. Then, the subjective experiment was conducted using those images displayed on the large screen display. The spatial brightness was memorized and answered by adjusting the luminance inside the reference space, called “adjustment box”, so that the brightness in the box became the same as the one in the real space. From comparing the logarithmic values of the brightness evaluation of the real space and the one of the linear scaling images on the display, we found that the spatial brightness evaluation on the display roughly matched to the one of the real space. It was also suggested that there is a possibility that the effects of windows on the spatial brightness evaluation may be different between the real space and the two-dimensional display.
Strategies for achieving circular economy goals in the lighting industry through design for disassembly-based methodologies
Authors: Hickcox K S , Smith A 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The significance of circular economy and its integration into core strategies for smart, sustainable, and inclusive growth, is increasingly being recognized by individuals, organisations, and nations in recent times. The term ‘Design for Disassembly’ may conjure up images about the end-of-life of a product or its disposal. However, design for disassembly connects to numerous circularity and sustainability goals over the lifetime of a product or project and can have a large impact on the carbon footprint of the product. ‘Design for Disassembly’ is a product development methodology which is in line with the vision of a circular economy, and supports increase in material efficiency, extends product lifetimes and improves recycling efficiency. Reduction of the imposed environmental risks and impact on the climate, by utilising circularity approaches such as remanufacturing, are tied to lowering of carbon footprint. This paper describes specific and actionable approaches that can be applied by luminaire manufacturers, specifiers, and other players in the lighting industry. The readers will learn about current tools and methodologies that can be used to improve iterative design, as well as measure, assess, and compare products or materials.
Lighting inequality in an urban context: design approach and case studies
Authors: Martinez Luciana , Bordonaro Elettra 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Over the past years, the focus on public spaces and the need for well-designed outdoor environments has been a key focus for those professions working in the sector. There is increasingly a push for more pedestrian-oriented spaces which support movement and activity and also have an extended use after dark. It is increasingly more apparent, however, where the divide exists between areas that are in well-off areas than those in more deprived areas. This is particularly apparent after dark where the lighting design more often than not, creates the most apparent social divides. Lighting becomes cooler, glare is abound, playgrounds are unlit and any sense of human scale is lost with a blanket lighting, or lack of lighting, approach becoming dominant. These spaces of course are not those featured in magazines, blogs or awards ceremonies. These are the spaces that continuously fly under the radar and hinder a bigger positive change. And although, in some cases, best practice guidelines are followed, the end result does not create inviting spaces after dark. We still regularly encounter pedestrian and residential spaces that are lit primarily with bulkheads or streetlights or where the only play areas are dark at 3pm in winter in Northern Europe. These spaces lack atmosphere and character, the very things pedestrian spaces require. With this in mind, we question how lighting design as a profession can evaluate a successfully lit outdoor space. Is it time to develop a new approach that takes into consideration the everyday user experience, not just the technical successes? And can this approach/methodology better inform best practice guidelines for the future and begin to close the gap of lighting inequality by raising the bar? Through our studio’s work we have been exploring new methods to engage with the public on topics of lighting both in the UK and in Europe. A number of cities and municipalities are also increasingly working towards a more engagement-oriented approach that demonstrates lighting design in easy to understand terms and installations in situ which in turn helps us as designers better design outdoor spaces for the end users by creating a common language and understanding.
Urban lighting: an innovative solution, eco-sustainable and resistant to corrosion
Authors: Deodati A , Petrachi E , Vendramin G , Cosma L , Bene P 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Salt fog and atmospheric agents are two of the main causes of the corrosion affecting urban lighting luminaires. This research starts right from the study of this phenomenon. After a short analysis of the corrosion process occurring in traditional aluminum lighting bodies, it highlights the advantages of using an eco-sustainable polymeric material to produce highly resistant luminaires, a perfect example of the application of the circular economy model on products. The study focuses on the choice of green materials and low environmental impact production techniques, which lead to the production of efficient and durable urban lighting luminaires. Besides being eco-sustainable and recyclable, these materials make it possible to obtain highly customized designs, which can be molded in any geometric shape thanks to the production technique. Moreover, remote control devices can be fully integrated within the lighting fixtures, so they do not affect products’ aesthetics adversely. In support of this thesis, the research shows examples of installations where the design of these innovative luminaires met both aesthetic and functional needs of Municipalities and it focuses on the benefits deriving from the combination of green materials and LED technology, which guarantees innovative luminaires in the public lighting sector, completely environment-friendly and future-oriented.
Creating an architectural experience in terms of spatial and lighting composition
Authors: Tomková Zuzana 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The light plays crucial role in forming the architectural experience and my interest is to examine how architects create bridges between the poetic and practical potential of light. A critical discussion about this topic is relevant especially in relation to the perceived lighting environment and role of light in today’s architecture. How was the role of light changing in our society during historical periods? What is the role of light in architecture nowadays? Which architectural experience supports this role and what are the tools to capture it? Different ideas about light, linked to the aesthetic sense of successive historical periods lead to differently configured spaces. Understanding the enjoyment of the experience of spaces in history, but also today and determining its aesthetic value requires attention to details. Architecture can shape our daily experiences in material and detail and together with light form the basis of complete perception. I believe that consistent work with daylight in architecture is a catalyst for change and can significantly help us rediscover the relationship with nature. I believe, that by raising awareness about experiential approaches of working with a daylight will help us to find our way back to nature, origins and rise quality of architectural objects.
Evaluating an integrative lighting design for elderly homes – a mixed methods approach
Authors: Bochnia Anna-Kristin , Ruohonen Senja Maarit , Pajuste Mihkel , Hansen Ellen Kathrine 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The experience of light in a space and the physiological effect of light combined is complex to study. Methods which combine parameters from the fields of the biological, visual and atmospheric effects of light through a combination of both qualitative and quantitative data collection on site, seem more important than ever to validate the potentials of integrative lighting. A case study, conducted in two elderly homes in Copenhagen and Aarhus, in Denmark, is used to evaluate a mixed methods approach, assessing an integrative lighting design solution. Luminaires with circadian settings are implemented as a supplementary lighting with the aim of supporting various objectives, including biological stimulation and a homely atmosphere in the elderly homes. To evaluate the implementation of the lighting, a convergent mixed methods approach is used, collecting quantitative and qualitative data. In parallel to collecting quantitative measurements, such as melanopic equivalent daylight illuminance (mEDI) and photopic lux, semi-structured interviews based on questionnaires and card-sorting, on the same subjects, are carried out. To evaluate the approach for evaluating the implementation of this integrative lighting design, three criteria are introduced: a) integration, b) flexibility and c) validity. The integration of results enabled to compare the different methods and findings to identify and study correlations, differences or contradictions. That was conducted across the three topics: biological, visual, and atmospheric effects of the integrative lighting design solution. A framework for a holistic approach for evaluating lighting in elderly homes was defined, with an indication of the need for further development in an iterative process.
Designing Natural Atmosphere in Office Environment Through Daylight Responsive Dynamic Lighting
Authors: Sigura Verda , Hansen Ellen Kathrine , Clausen Henrik 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Often the criteria for designing office lighting is to increase efficiency through a bright and evenly distributed lighting. Yet, research has found that this static lighting leads to an unstimulating, boring, and dull luminous environment that supports neither task focus, nor a pleasant atmosphere. The goal of this paper is to create a closer connection to a natural light environment by designing an office lighting that inspired by light as natural phenomenon creates a lively and more nature-based atmosphere. We developed a lighting design with focus on analysing the perceived atmosphere as a metric for a dynamic lighting design for a meeting room of a real estate company in Denmark. Through a mixed method approach, we explore the design factors that determine the desired natural atmosphere. Our design aims at enhancing the function of the meeting room as a formal space where negotiations are held by 1) presenting the identity of the company to the business partners; and 2) supporting employees’ sense of belonging to the company culture. As a result, our lighting design creates a lighting hierarchy in line with the architectural elements of the space, complementing daylight through electric lighting in a dynamic way, accounting for both sky-type and daylight inflow.