bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection and Enumeration of Coliforms in Drinking Water Sources in the Selected Barangay in Santa Maria, Davao Occidental Philippines
Authors: Cambarihan Shaira D. , Patricio Emylle Ruth P. , Lumogdang Leonel P. 
Published: May 2022

The study aimed to determine the presence of fecal and nonfecal coliforms in selected drinking water sources of Santa Maria, Davao Occidental. Three (3) barangays were purposively identified as sampling sites, namely: Barangay Pongpong, Barangay San Isidro, and Barangay San Roque, where spring water, Jetmatic, and manual water pump are the sources of drinking water.
The study was conducted at Sta Maria, Davao Occidental Philippines from August 2021 to December 2021.The water samples were collected aseptically from the identified reservoir in the drinking water of the selected barangay of Sta Maria, Davao Occidental. The collected samples were brought to the SPAMAST Microbiology Laboratory. One (1) mL of sample was plated aseptically in the coliform Petrifilm. The plated water samples were incubated at 35-37 degrees Celcius for 24 hours. Colonies in the Petrifilm were counted manually and recorded as colony-forming units (CFU).
Microbial analysis detected the presence of total coliforms on the drinking water reservoir from the spring water source from barangay Pongpong, manual water pump and spring water source from barangay San Isidro and the manual water pump from barangay San Roque. Meanwhile, noOccidental, Philippines. Generally, the drinking water sources of the three (3) barangays exceeded the national standard set by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) and the World Health Organization (WHO). Periodic monitoring on the drinking water sources in the identified barangays is highly recommended.
Proximate and Mineral Composition of Aerial Potato (Dioscorea bulbifera Linn) after using Different Fermentation Methods
Authors: Bukola D. A. , Akinyosoye F. A. , Akinyele B. J. 
Published: May 2022

This study evaluated the nutritional value of aerial yam potato fermented with different methods and other food processing. Aerial potato was subjected to different treatments (peeled, unpeeled, peeled and blanched, unpeeled and blanched, peeled and boiled, unpeeled and boiled) before fermentation with different methods like submerged fermentation and back slope (BS) fermentation. The proximate and mineral compositions were monitored using standard methods.
Crude Protein (%) of the peeled aerial potato significantly increased from 4.12 ±0.13 at the initial to 10.11±0.85 at the end of the fermentation while unpeeled aerial potato slightly increased from 3.66a±0.04 at the initial to 4.19±0.03 at the end of the fermentation. Peeled and blanched; unpeeled and blanched as well as the unpeeled and boiled samples had the highest iron (0.143±0.01 ppm), magnesium (6.40±0.02 ppm) and calcium (6.32±0.03 ppm) contents in fermented aerial potato sample. Generally, the different of methods of fermentation employed improved the nutrient contents of fermented aerial potato.
Determination of Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids under Agro-climatic Conditions of Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Jose Prince , Singh Vikram , George Shruti Grace , Singh A. C. 
Published: May 2022

Worldwide Maize (Zea mays L.) is referred to as the “Miracle Crop” due to its high genetic yield potential compared to other Gramineae family members. Hybridization plays a vital role in boosting the production and productivity of maize, which is crucial for mitigating food insecurity in developing countries. To find out the best hybrid among the maize hybrids, a field experiment was conducted during the kharif season of 2021 at the experimental field of the Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India. The study was conducted for “Evaluation of Maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids under agro-climatic conditions of Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh”. The experiment was done on 10 maize Hybrids. It was carried out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. The report of the study indicates that among different maize Hybrids, UM-12 produced significantly higher plant height (217.05 cm), number of leaves per plant (12.80), dry weight per plant (151.25 g), cob length (16.62 cm), number of rows per cob (14.80), number of grains per row (31.73), seed yield (8.27 t/ha) and stover yield (20.50 t/ha). Hence, it can be concluded that the Maize hybrid UM-12 was found to be the most suitable, productive and economical for the agroclimatic conditions of Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh.
Efficacy of Hysteroscopy in Management of Premenopausal Uterine Bleeding at Tanta University Hospitals
Authors: Hegazy Dina Hegazy Mohamed , Elshwaikh Shereef Lotfy , Shoeir Hassan Tahsin , Freikha Ahmed Hussein Abou 
Published: May 2022

Background: Hysteroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure that may be used to analyse data and treat a variety of intrauterine and endocervical issues. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the hysteroscopic diagnostic findings and therapeutic efficacy of hysteroscopy in females with premenopausal uterine bleeding at Tanta University Hospitals.
Methods: This was a prospective cohort observational research enrolled 60 premenopausal females aged from 40 to 52 years and presented with abnormal uterine bleeding. All patients were subjugated full history taking, clinical examination (general examination, pelvic examination and abdominal examination) and investigations (laboratory tests including full blood count, thyroid, iron studies, hemostasis disorders, transvaginal ultrasound to evaluate any organic lesion and hysteroscopy).
Results: The success rate of hysteroscope was 100% in in grade I fibroid uterus and was 30% and 0% in grade II and grade III fibroid uterus. 75% of atrophic endometrium, 71% of secretory endometrium, 50% of proliferative endometrium, 100% of hyperplastic endometrium and 100% of endometrial polyp.
Conclusions: The gold standard for diagnosing and treating abnormal uterine bleeding is hysteroscopy in the premenopausal period especially of fibroid uterus and endometrial polyp.
Design and Fabrication of a Speed Breaker Mechanism for Power Generation: A Case Study of Ikpoba Hill Benin City, Nigeria
Authors: Enobakhare Golden , Ogunbor S. E. , Imasuen Peter 
Published: May 2022

To meet the ever rising demand for power, innovative measures has to been put into place as convention power sources are fast depreciating. In light of the above, this study opines the distinctive design and fabrication of a small scale model speed breaker electric power generator by harnessing the kinetic energy from vehicles with goal of generating electric power. The model was developed utilizing available electrical and mechanical components such as flywheel (FW), battery, inverter, spring, rack and pinion, and DC motor. To this end, the aim of this paper is accomplished by demonstrating the process of conversion of kinetic energy to electrical energy using a movable speed breaker mechanism and show that it can produce adequate amount of power for streets lights and traffic lights. In light of the above, methodology employed to achieve the above includes the construction of a small scale model of the speed breaker generator; using adequate power calculations, design specification with proper review of related works. In conclusion, the proposed model was developed and constructed in such a way that little applied pressure manually (by hand) on the speed breaker caused generation of electrical power. The technical feasibility of this model is illustrated in real case scenario at Ikpoba hill in upper mission extension in Uteh community employed as a case study.
Frequency of Hypophosphatemia in Children Presenting with Sepsis in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Qadri Kashif Habib , Raza Muhammad Saad , Yahya Yousuf , Kumar Suneet , Sangi Rumana , Ahsan Aliya Kemal , Chohan Muhammad Nadeem 
Published: May 2022

Aim: To determine the frequency of hypophosphatemia in the children presenting with sepsis in a tertiary care hospital.
Study Design: A cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration: Department of paediatric, civil hospital, Karachi, Pakistan from october 2020 to april 2021.
Methodology: A total of 190 children with clinical sepsis were included in the study. Serum phosphate level, CBC, CRP, and blood culture of all children were sent within 24 hours of admission. Serum phosphate level less than 2.5mg/dL was labeled hypophosphatemia. It was categorized as mild, moderate and severe at level of 2-2.5 mg/dL), 1-2 mg/dL), and < 1 mg/dL respectively.
Results: Mean ± SD age of study participants was 2.69±3.19 years. Out of 190 patients 106 (55.8%) were male while 84 (44.2%) were female. Hypophosphatemia was found in 36 (18.9%) patients among them. Mild and moderate hypophosphatemia was noted in 18 (50%) of the children from each category of patients.
Conclusion: This study concluded that hypophosphatemia was documented in considerable number of children who presented with clinical sepsis. Serum phosphate levels should be checked in children who present with sepsis. To avoid the issues of a double burden of disease in these patients, strategies to prevent these diseases should be supported.
Automatic treatment planning for cervical cancer radiation therapy using direct three‐dimensional patient anatomy match
Authors: Zhang Duoer , Yuan Zengtai , Hu Panpan , Yang Yidong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPurposeCurrent knowledge‐based planning methods for radiation therapy mainly use low‐dimensional features extracted from contoured structures to identify geometrically similar patients. Here, we propose a knowledge‐based treatment planning method where the anatomical similarity is quantified by the rigid registration of the three‐dimensional (3D) planning target volume (PTV) and organs at risks (OARs) between an incoming patient and database patients.MethodsA database that contains PTV and OARs contours from 81 cervical cancer radiation therapy patients was established. To identify the anatomically similar patients, the PTV of the new patient was registered to each PTV in the database and the Dice similarity coefficients were calculated for the PTV, rectum, and bladder between the new patient and database patients. Then the top 20 patients in the PTV match and top 3 patients in the subsequent bladder or rectum match were selected. The best dose–volume histogram parameters from the top three patients were applied as the dose constraints to the automatic plan optimization. A fast Fourier transform algorithm was developed to accelerate the 3D PTV registration process run through the database. The entire treatment planning process was automated using in‐house customized Pinnacle scripts. The automatic plans were generated for 20 patients using leave‐one‐out scheme and were evaluated against the corresponding clinical plans.ResultsThe automatic plans significantly reduced rectum and bladder by 11.79% ± 5.2% (p < 0.01) and 2.85% ± 3.16% (p < 0.01), respectively. The dose parameters achieved for the PTV and other OARs were comparable to those in the clinical plans. The entire planning process, including both dose prediction and inverse optimization, costs about 6 min.ConclusionsThe direct 3D contour match method utilizes the full spatial information of the PTV and OARs of interest and provides an intuitive measurement for patient plan anatomy similarity. The proposed automatic planning method can generate plans with better quality and higher efficiency.
Pressure Dependence on the Thermal Conductivity of H‐ and J‐type Nanocomposites
Authors: Hong Younggi , Goh Munju 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe dependence of thermal conductivity on molding pressure in composites containing H‐ and J‐type aggregation molecules is investigated for the first time. When mixed with hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN), small molecules capable of H‐ and J‐aggregation significantly affect the orientation of h‐BN under pressure, resulting in a substantial pressure dependence. For demonstration, 4′,4′′′‐(1,2‐diphenylethylene‐1,2‐diyl)bis{(1,1′‐biphenyl)‐4‐carbonitrile} (TPE‐2CP) and 4′,4′′′,4′′′′′,4′′′′′′′‐(ethene‐1,1,2,2‐tetrayl)tetrakis[{(1,1′‐biphenyl)‐4‐carbonitrile}] (TPE‐4CP) are synthesized, which exhibit H‐ and J‐aggregation, respectively. Furthermore, epoxy (EP) composites containing TPE‐2CP or TPE‐4CP are prepared, which show different aggregation states with changing pressure. As the pressure increases, the thermal conductivity gradually increases in the radial direction and decreases in the axial direction for TPE‐4CP/EP (and vice versa for TPE‐2CP/EP, but to a lesser extent). Consequently, the pressure dependence of composites with h‐BN as a filler to TPE‐4CP/EP is also examined. The radial thermal conductivity of this h‐BN/TPE‐4CP/EP composite increases from 0.8888 W mK−1 at 10 MPa to 1.0062 W mK−1 at 50 MPa. The reasons for the appearance of aggregation states and changes in the thermal conductivity with increasing pressure are then discussed. These findings will contribute to advancing heat dissipation materials by adding TPEs‐based fillers that are biased in one direction using conventional pressure processing techniques.
Laser Photochemical Nanostructuring of Silicon for Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Akbıyık Alp , Avishan Nardin , Demirtaş Özge , Demir Ahmet Kemal , Yüce Emre , Bek Alpan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this work, a novel method of fabricating large‐area, low‐cost surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates is explained which yields nanostructured surface utilizing laser‐induced chemical etching of crystalline silicon (Si) in an hydrofluoric acid solution. Nanostructuring of Si surface is followed by deposition of a thin noble metal layer to complete the fabrication procedure. A 50 nm thick silver (Ag) layer is shown to maximize the SERS performance. The SERS effect is attributed to the electromagnetic field enhancement originating from the nanoscale surface roughness of Si that can be controlled by the illumination power, etch duration, and the spot size of the laser beam. The SERS substrates are found to be capable of detecting a Raman analyte dye molecule down to 10−11 m. SERS performance of the Ag deposited substrates are compared to gold (Au) deposited substrates at 660 and 532 nm excitation. Nanostructured Si surface with Ag exhibits stronger SERS than with Au under 532 nm excitation exhibiting an enhancement factor as high as 109. Raman enhancement factor is calculated both by SERS spectra experimentally, and using finite‐elements simulation of the electric field enhancement. The applicability of the fabricated substrates is examined by adsorbing different analytes.
Photon‐Correlation Studies on Multichromophore Macrocycles of Perylene Dyes
Authors: Müller Ulrich , Spenst Peter , Kagerer Philipp , Stolte Matthias , Würthner Frank , Pflaum Jens 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOrganic dyes offer unique properties for their application as room temperature single photon emitters. By means of photon‐correlation, the emission characteristics of macrocyclic para‐xylylene linked perylene bisimide (PBI) trimers and tetramers dispersed in polymethyl methacrylate matrices are analyzed. The optical data indicate that, despite of the strong emission enhancement of PBI trimers and tetramers according to their larger number of chromophores, the photon‐correlation statistics still obeys that of single photon emitters. Moreover, driving PBI trimers and tetramers at higher excitation powers, saturated emission behavior for monomers is found while macrocycle emission is still far‐off saturation but shows enhanced fluctuations. This observation is attributed to fast singlet–singlet annihilation, i.e., faster than the radiative lifetime of the excited S1 state, and the enlarged number of conformational arrangements of multichromophores in the polymeric host. Finally, embedding trimeric PBI macrocycles in active organic light‐emitting diode matrices, electrically driven bright fluorescence together with an indication for antibunching at room temperature can be detected. This, so far, has only been observed for phosphorescent emitters that feature much longer lifetimes of the excited states and, thus, smaller radiative recombination rates. The results are discussed in the context of possible effects on the g(2) behavior of molecular emitters.
ApoBandNon‐HDLCholesterol VersusLDLCholesterol for Ischemic Stroke Risk
Authors: Johannesen Camilla D. L. , Mortensen Martin B. , Langsted Anne , Nordestgaard Børge G. 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveConflicting results have been reported on the association between lipids and risk of ischemic stroke. We tested the hypothesis that the burden of ischemic stroke attributable to either elevated apolipoprotein B (apoB) or non‐high‐density lipoprotein (non‐HDL) cholesterol is higher than that attributable to elevated low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol.MethodsWe included 104,618 individuals from an ongoing cohort study, the Copenhagen General Population Study. The associations of quintiles of apoB, non‐HDL cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol with risk of ischemic stroke were estimated by Cox proportional hazards regressions with 95% confidence intervals. With 1stquintile as reference, the proportion of ischemic stroke attributable to the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5thquintiles of apoB, non‐HDL cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol were estimated by population attributable fractions.ResultsHigher quintiles of apoB and non‐HDL cholesterol were associated with increased risk of ischemic stroke (both trends:p < 0.0001), whereas for LDL cholesterol this association was somewhat attenuated (trend:p = 0.0005). A similar pattern was seen for population attributable fraction values. Compared to individuals in the 1stquintile, the combined proportion of ischemic stroke attributable to individuals in the 2ndto 5thquintiles was 16.3% for apoB (levels >82 mg/dL), 14.7% for non‐HDL cholesterol (>3.0 mmol/L; >117 mg/dL), and 6.8% for LDL cholesterol (>2.4 mmol/L; >94 mg/dL).InterpretationThe proportion of ischemic stroke attributable to either elevated apoB or non‐HDL cholesterol was double that attributable to elevated LDL cholesterol. ANN NEUROL 2022;92:379–389
Pd(II)–PPh3 complexes of halogen substituted acylthiourea ligands: Biomolecular interactions and in vitro anti‐proliferative activity
Authors: Dorairaj Dorothy Priyanka , Haribabu Jebiti , Chang Yu‐Lun , Echeverria Cesar , Hsu Sodio C. N. , Karvembu Ramasamy 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHerein, we report the synthesis of four new Pd(II) acylthiourea complexes (C1–C4) to study the effect of halogen substituted acylthiourea ligands on the biological applications of their Pd(II)–PPh3 complexes. The complexes were characterized by various spectroscopic and analytical methods. The distorted square planar geometry of complexes was confirmed by single crystal X‐ray diffraction study, which also revealed the bidentate (N, S) coordination of the ligands with Pd(II). Interactions of the complexes with biomolecules (DNA/BSA) were investigated by spectroscopic and docking tools. All the complexes showed good binding ability with the targeted biomolecules. Further, in vitro anti‐proliferative activity of the complexes was investigated by performing MTT assay on cancer (HeLa‐cervical, HCT116‐colorectal, and HepG2‐hepatic) and normal (HEK293‐embryonic kidney) cell lines. All the complexes displayed remarkable activity on the three cancer cells, and among them, complex C2 bearing chlorine substituted acylthiourea showed superior activity on HeLa cells with an IC50 value of 6.5 μM, which was higher than that of cisplatin. Apoptosis induced by C2 on HeLa cells was assessed by AO/EB, DAPI and DNA laddering assays, and flow cytometry. Finally, the apoptotic efficiency of C2 was tested by cell cycle analysis, wherein the complex induced the cell cycle arrest in HeLa cells at G0/G1 phase.
Enhancements in damping properties and thermal conductivity of acrylonitrile‐butadiene rubber by using hindered phenol modified alumina
Authors: Dong Huanhuan , Jiang Yang , Zhang Yong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHighly integrated electronic components used under mechanical vibration usually require the vibration‐reduction and heat‐dissipation protection from rubber composites. But it is still a challenge to simultaneously improving damping properties and thermal conductivity of rubber. Herein, hindered phenol modified alumina is prepared and filled to acrylonitrile‐butadiene rubber (NBR), leading to NBR/modified alumina composites with strong interfacial interaction. The composites exhibit superior damping properties. They have higher hysteresis ratio, damping coefficient, damping factor at 25°C, and effective damping temperature ranges than NBR and its unmodified alumina composites. The NBR/modified alumina composites also have higher thermal conductivity and lower relaxation rate than NBR and its alumina composites. The modification of alumina by the hindered phenol is an effective method for preparing NBR composites with extraordinary combination of good damping properties and high thermal conductivity. The composites have a great application potential for vibration‐reduction and heat‐dissipation protection of electronic components.
Fabrication of zinc oxide‐coated microcrystalline cellulose and its application in truck tire tread compounds
Authors: Boopasiri Supparoek , Thaptong Puchong , Sae‐Oui Pongdhorn , Siriwong Chomsri 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe severe threat to aquatic environment from zinc oxide (ZnO) in tread debris has become a serious issue for tire manufacturers. Various attempts including the utilization of composite ZnO have therefore been made to reduce ZnO content in tread compounds. In this study, a new composite ZnO was prepared by depositing ZnO nanoparticles on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) through hydrothermal reactions, called M‐ZnO. After characterization by various techniques, cure activation efficiency of M‐ZnO in truck tire tread compound was investigated and compared with that of active ZnO (A‐ZnO). The results showed that M‐ZnO contained approximately 66.7% w/w of ZnO and had comparable specific surface area to A‐ZnO. Regardless of the ZnO type, crosslink density increased with increasing ZnO content up to 3 phr leading to the improved mechanical properties of the rubber vulcanizates, that is, hardness, modulus, and abrasion resistance. Tensile and tear strengths, however, were found maximum at 2 phr of both A‐ZnO and M‐ZnO. Although wet grip index was independent of ZnO content, rolling resistance tended to reduce with increasing ZnO content. The results clearly show the great potential of utilizing M‐ZnO to replace conventional A‐ZnO in tread compounds when more stringent environmental regulations are imposed.