bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incorporation of chlorine in nuclear waste glasses using high-pressure vitrification: Solubility, speciation, and local environment of chlorine
Authors: Jolivet Valentin , Morizet Yann , Trcera Nicolas , Fernandez Vincent , Suzuki-Muresan Tomo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The solubility, speciation, and local atomic environment of chlorine have been determined for aluminoborosilicate glasses equilibrated with various sources of chlorine (NaCl and PdCl2) at high pressure (0.5–1.5 GPa) and high temperature (1350–1400 °C). The Cl solubility reaches up to 11 mol% in borosilicate glass and appears to be strongly influenced by the concentration of network-modifying cations (Ca and Na) and increases with increasing CaO + Na2O content. The Cl solubility is enhanced in Ca-bearing rather than Na-bearing borosilicate glass, suggesting a higher affinity of chlorine for alkaline-earth cations. Cl K-edge XANES and Cl 2p XPS spectra reveal that chlorine dissolves in glasses only as chloride species (Cl–) and no evidence of oxidized species is observed. Using PdCl2 as a chlorine source leads to a pre-edge signal for PdCl2 in the XANES spectra. The EXAFS simulations show that the Cl– local environment is charge compensated by Na+ or Ca2+ at a distance to first neighbor on the order of 2.7 Å, which is comparable to the observed distances in crystalline chloride compounds. The coordination to charge compensating cation is lower in the case of Ca2+ (~1.1) than Na+ (~4.3).
Variation of Acehnese Monophthong /ʌ/ in Western Acehnese Dialect
Authors: Masykar Tanzir , Agusmaniza Roni , Masykar Tabsyir , Shan Huang , Nurrahmi Febri 
Published: August 2022

<p><em>Acehnese has many dialects, one of which is the western Acehnese dialect. Western Acehnese dialects considerably vary when compared to northern dialects. Many studies on Acehnese vowels focused on describing vowels in the Pase dialect. Little attention has been given to other dialects and let alone, vowel variation within those dialects. The current study aims </em><em>to investigate vowel variation produced by Acehnese in Aceh Barat for the words commonly produced as /ʌ/ in the northern dialect. Six language consultants are recorded reading five Acehnese words containing /ʌ/ vowel in a carrier sentence. Two phonetically trained Acehnese listeners identify the vowel produced based on APA symbols. Formant frequencies of F1 and F2 are generated using Praat software and projected into vowel plots. The findings show that the vowel /ʌ/ is realized as /ə/, /ɛ/, and /ɔ/ by the people in Aceh Barat. Both impression and instrumental analysis seem to agree in terms of vowels realized. The occurrence of the vowel seems to be word-specific instead of location-specific. The word göt is realized as /ə/, /ɛ/, and /ɔ/ while peugöt is only realized as /ə/ and /ɔ/ despite occurring between the same consonants. F2 frequencies are used to produce /ə/ and /ɔ/ in the word pöt, böh, and röt.</em><em> </em><em></em></p>
Vascular endothelial growth factor in breast milk
Authors: Dementieva Yu. N. , Cherdantsev A. P. , Dolgova D. R. , Stenyushkina M. A. , Bakhtogarimov I. R. , Epifanova E. G. 
Published: August 2022

Vascular endothelial growth factor is a consequence of angiogenesis links, while at the same time it exhibits different activity under changes in breast milk storage conditions.Purpose. To study the vascular endothelial growth factor (vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF) in breast milk and peripheral blood in women with different states of health in the dynamics of lactation, to assess the effect of physical exposure on this indicator.Material and methods. 96 lactating women were enrolled in the study. The sampling of breast milk and peripheral blood for the laboratory part of the study was carried out 3–5 days after birth, then after 1, 3, and 6 months of lactation. To assess the influence of physical factors on the level of VEGF in breast milk, different modes of temperature exposure were used: freezing and long-term (up to 6 months) storage, heating in a microwave oven up to +60°C.Conclusion. It has been shown that the VEGF level does not change in samples obtained from women with different states of health during pregnancy and lactation. Preservation of milk at a low temperature affects the reduction of this protein by more than 4 times. Rapid heating of samples by microwave exposure (up to +60°C) leads to partial inactivation of the protein.
Retrospecting the Indus Mediation through Waltz's levels of analysis
Authors: Mehsud Muhammad Imran 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This article presents a retrospection of India–Pakistan Indus Mediation (1951–1960) that culminated in the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) from the perspective of Waltz's levels of analysis. It argues that apart from the factors at the individual and domestic levels of India and Pakistan, it was the US–USSR Cold War rivalry coupled with the India–Pakistan security dilemma at the international level that goaded the Mediation to succeed. The US sought to resolve the India–Pakistan water dispute as a first step to resolve the Kashmir dispute before the USSR could intervene in the region in the pretext of the Kashmir dispute. The India–Pakistan security dilemma compelled India and Pakistan to accept the offices of the World Bank and sign the IWT in 1960.
Removal of Cr (III) from wastewater by using raw and chemically modified sawdust and corn husk
Authors: Afzaal Muhammad , Hameed Saman , Abbasi Naeem Akthar , Liaqat Iram , Rasheed Rizwan , Khan AamirAmanat Ali , Manan Hafiz abdul 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe contamination of water resources by heavy metals (HMs), mainly introduced by anthropogenic resources, has been considered as a serious environmental issue in the recent era. Therefore, the conventional methods for heavy metal removal have various drawbacks in terms of cost, toxicity, and efficiency. The novel study investigated the biosorption intensity of raw and chemically modified sawdust (SD) and corn husk (CH) to eliminate chromium (III) from the aqueous solutions. SD and CH were used as biosorbents and were treated chemically with sulfuric acid (H2SO4), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and detergent powder. The biosorption potential was estimated based on percentage removal efficiency (% RE) of chromium (III) and the adsorption intensity (qmax). The characterization of surface morphology and functional groups of biosorbents was studied by SEM and FTIR. Moreover, the adsorption isotherm models (Langmuir and Freundlich), kinetic models (pseudo-first-order kinetics and pseudo-second-order kinetics), and thermodynamic parameters (ΔG°, ΔH°, and ΔS°) were also assessed to predict the biosorption process. The results of % RE revealed that detergent-treated SD (DTSD) and detergent-treated CH (DTCH) showed highest % RE of 9.27 ± 0.15 (%) and 99.16 ± 0.08 (%) for elimination of chromium (III), respectively. Similarly, base-treated SD (BTSD) and base-treated CH (BTCH) exhibited 95.53 ± 0.18 (%) and 92.43 ± 0.22 (%) of % RE compared with 77.87 ± 1.64 (%) and 81.96 ± 0.34 (%) removal efficiency of acid-treated SD (ATSD) and acid-treated CH (ATCH), respectively. The raw SD (RSD) and raw CH (RCH) showed lower % RE of 23.68 ± 1.52 (%) and 35.52 ± 4.74 (%) for Cr (III) removal. Further, the porosity on the biosorbent's surface and attached functional groups increased after chemical treatment and this variation resulted in increased removal efficiency after chemical treatments. The Langmuir isotherm model and the Freundlich isotherm model were employed to predict the biosorption process, and both these models are best-fitted. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model was promising representative of the biosorption data. The process was endothermic and the parameters indicated that Cr (III) biosorbtion was thermodynamically favorable. Therefore, the obtained results highlighted that detergent-treatment enhanced the % RE, and DTSD and DTCH are highly efficient biosorbents for eliminating Cr (III) from aqueous solutions. Thus, detergent-treated biosorbents are proved to be a promising sustainable, eco-friendly, and cost-effective way to treat HMs from aqueous solutions as they utilize natural agriculture waste products and also handle issues related to excessive solid waste management.
Application of machine learning approaches in predicting estuarine dissolved oxygen (DO) under a limited data environment
Authors: Siddik Mohammad Abu Zafer 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The application of machine learning (ML) approaches to predict estuarine dissolved oxygen (DO) from a set of environmental covariates including nutrients remains unexplored due to nutrient data unavailability. Employing data from 12 southwest coastal Florida water quality stations, the applicability of four ML models – support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), decision tree, and Wang–Mendel – was examined in predicting DO under a limited nutrient data environment. Monthly water temperature, pH, salinity, total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) data were used for model development. The multiple linear regression model was trained as benchmarks to compare the ML model performances. The site-specific RF and SVM showed superior model efficiency (Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency &gt; 0.80) when all the predictor variables were used for model development. However, models trained without nutrients demonstrated reduced prediction accuracy. Modeling by synthesizing all site data under TN-limited, TP-limited, and TN- & TP-co-limited regimes illustrated a preferable performance of RF. Overall, the study rendered two crucial conclusions that could complement the existing approaches to estimate total daily loads for environmental management: (1) nutrients serve as a necessary predictor of estuarine DO dynamics and (2) RF performs better among the ML methods under a limited data environment.
Reverse Engineering of Medicinal and Nutritional Products - Approaches
Available for Generic Product Development
Authors: Gupta Sunil , Kaur Simran , Hamid Junaid Ul 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:
Pharmaceutical preparations contain at least one active pharmaceutical ingredient and a wide range of excipients, each with a defined pharmaceutical purpose. India is known as the pharmacy of the world [manufacturing of generic drug products]. The market demand of the generic products is increasing exponentially throughout the Asian and African regions. To satisfy the general population needs and competition in the market specific tools need to be there in the generic manufacturing unit that can fulfil the need of generic manufactures in cracking the branded medicinal and nutritional products. The aim of this review is to present reverse engineering techniques which have been found beneficial in the qualitative and quantitative analysis. The diversity of techniques and their uses in generic product development have been reviewed here. This was a supposed idea to provide the generic manufacturers an analytical tool set which can make generic product development easier and provides several examples of excipients which have been identified to crack the drug composition.
Cerebral Vasospasm: Practical Review of Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Romenskaya Tatsiana , Longhitano Yaroslava , Piccolella Fabio , Berger Jack Marshall , Artico Marco , Taurone Samanta , Maconi Antonio , Saviano Angela , Caramuta Michela , Savioli Gabriele , Zanza Christian 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Cerebral vasospasm is one of the frequent complications that can occur
following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). With new protocols in the management of SAH, the
combined risk of death and long-term disability have been reduced by about 10% compared with
the past.

Objective:
This work aims to report the latest updates on the vasospasm developing after the SAH
in patients in the ICU department. In this short review, we reviewed the latest scientific findings on
the mechanisms of vasospasm, and in addition, we considered it necessary to review the literature to
report the tools for early diagnosis of vasospasm and the best treatment strategies to prevent the
negative outcome in patients admitted to ICU.

Aim:
The aim of this narrative review is to report the main characteristics of vasospasm, new diagnostic
methods, and, especially, more effective treatment of vasospasm.

Materials and Methods:
The peer-reviewed articles analyzed were selected from PubMed, Google
scholar, Embase, and Scopus databases published in the previous 20 years using the keywords
"vasospasm", "vasospasm diagnosis", "vasospasm and SAH", "vasospasm treatment", and nontraumatic
brain injury. Among the 78 papers identified, 43 articles were selected; after the title - abstract
examination and removing the duplicates, only 31 articles were examined.

Results:
Vasospasm can be classified according to clinical (asymptomatic vs. symptomatic) and diagnostic
(angiographic vs. ultrasound) methods. Various procedures such as TCD and CT perfusion
are used for early diagnosis and close monitoring of this condition. The treatment of vasospasm
consists of both prevention (nimodipine, statitis, and magnesium sulphate) and active treatment
(mainly endovascular).

Conclusion:
As the review shows, vasospasm is a complication of SAH, a complication that is difficult
to recognize early and treat with the best outcome. However, with the equipment we have, it
has been possible to improve the outcome, even if it is still not ideal, in patients who develop vasospasm.
Several studies are in the final stages to improve the outcome of this unfortunately frequent
condition.
The Role of Photobiomodulation on Dental-Derived Stem Cells in Regenerative
Dentistry: A Comprehensive Systematic Review
Authors: Firoozi Parsa , Amiri Mohammad Amin , Soghli Negin , Farshidfar Nima , Hakimiha Neda , Fekrazad Reza 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Photobiomodulation therapy involves exposing tissues to light sources, including
light-emitting diodes or low-level lasers, which results in cellular function modulation. The molecular
mechanism of this treatment is revealed, demonstrating that depending on the light settings utilized, it has
the potential to elicit both stimulatory and inhibitory reactions.

Objective:
The current systematic review aimed to evaluate the impact of photobiomodulation therapy on
dental stem cells and provide an evidence-based conclusion in this regard.

Methods:
This systematic review was performed and reported based on the Preferred Reporting Items for
Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) revised guidelines. PICO(S) components were employed
to define the inclusion criteria. Web of Science, Scopus, Medline as well as grey literature, and
google scholar were searched up to September 2021 to retrieve relevant papers.

Results:
Photobiomodulation therapy showed promising effects on the proliferation, viability, and differentiation
of dental stem cells. This finding was based on reviewing related articles with a low risk of bias.

Conclusion:
Despite the positive benefits of photobiomodulation therapy on dental stem cells, the current
data do not provide a definitive conclusion on the best physical parameters for enhancing cell viability,
proliferation, and differentiation.
eHealth in Care Coordination for Older Adults Living at Home: Scoping Review
Authors: Fjellså Hilde Marie Hunsbedt , Husebø Anne Marie Lunde , Storm Marianne 
Published: August 2022

Background
The population of older adults is projected to increase, potentially resulting in more older adults living with chronic illnesses or multimorbidity. Living with chronic illnesses increases the need for coordinated health care services. Older adults want to manage their illnesses themselves, and many are positive about using eHealth for care coordination (CC). CC can help older adults navigate the health care system and improve information sharing.

Objective
This study aimed to map the research literature on eHealth used in CC for older adults living at home. This study assessed CC activities, outcomes, and factors influencing the use of eHealth in CC reported by older adults and health care professionals.

Methods
We used a scoping review methodology. We searched four databases—MEDLINE, CINAHL, Academic Scoping Premier, and Scopus—from 2009 to 2021 for research articles. We screened 630 records using the inclusion criteria (older adults aged >65 years, primary health care setting, description of an eHealth program or intervention or measure or experiences with the use of eHealth, and inclusion of CC or relevant activities as described in the Care Coordination Atlas). The analysis of the included articles consisted of both a descriptive and thematic analysis.

Results
A total of 16 studies were included in this scoping review. Of these 16 studies, 12 (75%) had a quantitative design, and the samples of the included studies varied in size. The categories of eHealth used for CC among older adults living at home were electronic health records and patient portals, telehealth monitoring solutions, and telephone only. The CC activity communication was evident in all studies (16/16, 100%). The results on patient- and system-level outcomes were mixed; however, most studies (7/16, 44%) reported improved mental and physical health and reduced rehospitalization and hospital admission rates. Observing changes in patients’ health was a facilitator for health care professionals using eHealth in CC. When using eHealth in CC, available support to the patient, personal continuity, and a sense of security and safety were facilitators for older adults. Individual characteristics and lack of experience, confidence, and knowledge were barriers to older adults’ use of eHealth. Health care professionals reported barriers such as increased workload and hampered communication.

Conclusions
We mapped the research literature on eHealth-enabled CC for older adults living at home. We did not map the gray literature as we aimed to map the research literature (peer-reviewed research articles published in academic journals). The study results showed that using eHealth to coordinate care for older adults who live at home is promising. To ensure the successful use of eHealth in CC, we recommend customized eHealth-enabled health care services for older adults, including individualized education and support.
Incidence and Risk Factors for Dialysis Reinitiation among Patients with a History of Dialysis Dependency
Authors: Ku Elaine , Hsu Raymond K. , McCulloch Charles E. , Lo Lowell , Copeland Timothy , Siyahian Salpi , Grimes Barbara , Johansen Kirsten L. 
Published: August 2022

Background and objectives
Recovery of kidney function after the start of maintenance dialysis can occur, but data on the incidence and risk factors for restarting dialysis after recovery of kidney function in this population are limited.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We conducted a retrospective study of adult Medicare beneficiaries who started dialysis between 2005 and 2015 according to the United States Renal Data System but who had recovery of kidney function (defined as a ≥90-day dialysis-free interval). We identified risk factors that were associated with the risk for the reinitiation of dialysis within a 3-year time frame following the recovery of kidney function and at any time during follow-up using Cox proportional hazards models.

Results
Of the 34,530 individuals previously on dialysis who had recovery of kidney function, 7217 (21%) restarted dialysis (absolute rate of 11.5 per 100 person-years) within 3 years of recovery of kidney function, and 9120 (26%) restarted dialysis during the entire follow-up period (absolute rate of 8.8 per 100 person-years). Among those with CKD stage 1 or 2 after recovery of kidney function, 10% of individuals restarted dialysis within 3 years of their recovery of kidney function, whereas among those with CKD stage 3, 4, or 5, 13%, 27%, and 36% of individuals restarted dialysis within 3 years of recovery of kidney function, respectively. Age at first dialysis, cause of kidney disease, history of CKD or nephrology care prior to starting dialysis, presence of heart failure, CKD stage following recovery of kidney function, and location of first dialysis initiation (inpatient versus outpatient) were some of the risk factors that were strongly associated with the risk of restarting dialysis after the recovery of kidney function.

Conclusions
Over one in five patients with recovery of kidney function after kidney failure restarted dialysis within 3 years.
Determination of anti-phage antibodies in calf sera following application of Escherichia coli and Mannheimia haemolytica-specific bacteriophages
Authors: Urban-Chmiel Renata , Nowaczek Anna , Chmiel Paulina , Wawrzykowski Jacek , Pyzik Ewelina , Marek Agnieszka , Stępien-Pyśniak Dagmara , Alomari Mohammed M.M. , Dec Marta 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Introduction
The widespread occurrence of drug-resistant bacteria has increased interest in alternatives to antibiotics for combatting bacterial infections, among which bacteriophages play an important role. The ability of phage proteins to induce an anti-phage immune response can significantly limit the effectiveness of treatment, which was the basis for the study described in this article. The aim of the study was to assess the effects of bacteriophages on the induction of an anti-phage humoral response in calves.

Material and Methods
The study was conducted using phage components of experimental preparations and sera from calves treated and not treated with phages. Levels of G, M and A immunoglobulins were analysed by ELISA. The assay plates were coated with whole Escherichia coli and Mannheimia haemolytica phages and selected phage proteins obtained in sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and two-dimensional electrophoresis. Neutralisation of phages by immunoglobulins was assessed by determining phage titres using double-layer plates.

Results
The results confirmed an increased anti-phage response affecting all immunoglobulin classes in the calf sera. The highest significant (P ≤ 0.05) level of antibodies was observed for IgG in the sera of calves receiving phages. The phage neutralisation test showed a significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) in the reduction of phage titres in comparison to untreated calves.

Conclusion
Despite the induction of an anti-phage response, no significant negative effect on the antibacterial activity of phages was observed in vitro.