bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Us-Versus-Them’: Othering in COVID-19 public health behavior compliance
Authors: Van Scoy Lauren Jodi , Snyder Bethany , Miller Erin L. , Toyobo Olubukola , Grewal Ashmita , Ha Giang , Gillespie Sarah , Patel Megha , Zgierska Aleksandra E. , Lennon Robert P. 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveWe explored public perceptions about the COVID-19 pandemic to learn how those attitudes may affect compliance with health behaviors.MethodsParticipants were Central Pennsylvania adults from diverse backgrounds purposively sampled (based on race, gender, educational attainment, and healthcare worker status) who responded to a mixed methods survey, completed between March 25–31, 2020. Four open-ended questions were analyzed, including: “What worries you most about the COVID-19 pandemic?” We applied a pragmatic, inductive coding process to conduct a qualitative, descriptive content analysis of responses.ResultsOf the 5,948 respondents, 538 were sampled for this qualitative analysis. Participants were 58% female, 56% with ≥ bachelor’s degree, and 50% from minority racial backgrounds. Qualitative descriptive analysis revealed four themes related to respondents’ health and societal concerns: lack of faith in others; fears of illness or death; frustration at perceived slow societal response; and a desire for transparency in communicating local COVID-19 information. An “us-versus-them” subtext emerged; participants attributed non-compliance with COVID-19 behaviors to other groups, setting themselves apart from those Others.ConclusionOur study uncovered Othering undertones in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, occurring between groups of like-minded individuals with behavioral differences in ‘compliance’ versus ‘non-compliance’ with public health recommendations. Addressing the ‘us-versus-them’ mentality may be important for boosting compliance with recommended health behaviors.
Knowledge, attitude, prevention practice, and associated factors toward COVID-19 among preparatory school students in Southwest Ethiopia, 2021
Authors: Yesuf Mohammed , Abdu Mehd 
Published: January 2022

Introduction
As of February 2021 COVID-19 report in 57 African countries, there were 3,761,512 confirmed cases and 98,088 deaths. Ethiopia reported the highest number of cases in East Africa with a total of 147,092 cases and 2,194 deaths. Over 1.5 billion students from 195 countries across the world separated from school as a consequence of the closure of schools related to the pandemic. This study aimed to determine the level of knowledge, attitude, prevention practices, and determinant factors regarding COVID-19 among preparatory school students in southwest Ethiopia.

Methods
An institution-based cross-sectional study design was used for 422 samples. Each respondent was selected using simple random sampling. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. The collected data were entered and analyzed using Statistical Package for social science software version 25.0. Multivariable binary logistic regression was used to identify factors that were significantly associated with the practice of COVID-19 prevention.

Results
The response rate in this study was 96.2%. A higher proportion of the respondents were female (53.9%), Bench (43.6%), and protestant (47.3%). The level of good knowledge, positive attitude, and good practice were 81.8%, 70.9%, and 47.0% respectively. Using social media [AOR: 1.801, 95% CI: 1.005, 3.226], watching television [AOR: 1.884 95% CI: 1.093, 3.247], being knowledgeable [AOR: 5.173 95% CI: 2.276, 11.755], and having a positive attitude [AOR: 4.300 95% CI: 2.351, 7.868] were positively associated with COVID-19 prevention practice.

Conclusion
Despite the high level of knowledge and a moderate level of positive attitude, the practice of COVID-19 prevention measures was low. Using social media, watching television, being knowledgeable, and having positive attitudes towards COVID-19 increases the tendency to practice COVID-19 prevention measures. School directors and teachers should strictly monitor students for their adherence to COVID-19 prevention measures as directed by the local and national health care departments.
EDUCAÇÃO (FÍSICA) INFANTIL: ENTRE “PARMÉNIDES E HERÁCLITO” - ALGUMAS PERGUNTAS PEDAGÓGICAS
Authors: Cunha António Camilo , Galvão Zenaide 
Published: January 2022

A problemática da Educação (Física) Infantil é sempre uma questão em aberto para reflexões e olhares diferenciados. Neste contexto, o ensaio, apoiando-se em dois filósofos da antiguidade - Parménides e Heráclito - vai encimar as duas representações iniciáticas destes autores sobre o mundo – o sentido estático e o sentido dinâmico. Depois, através deles, far-se-á um exercício teórico/especulativo e analógico sobre as dinâmicas curriculares e formativas no campo da Educação (Física) Infantil, que, nas suas essências também se apresentam ora estáticos, ora dinámicos. No final, são deixadas algumas perguntas pedagógicas com o intuito de contribuir (uma tomada de consciência) para esta problemática.
Flare energy release and avalanche ionization of plasma by runaway electrons in lower solar atmosphere
Authors: Tsap Yuriy , Kopylova Yulia , Karlický Marian 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The analysis of the electron acceleration by the quasi-stationary sub-Dreiser electric fields in the lower solar atmosphere has been done. It has been shown that the Dreiser electric field turned out to be several orders of magnitude larger than coronal values due to the inelastic collisions between electrons and hydrogen atoms. The ionization of hydrogen atoms gives rise to the resulting secondary electrons, which become runaway under the action of sub-Dreiser electric fields. This causes an further avalanche-like ionization of the plasma and leads to the acceleration of the large number of fast electrons up to relativistic energies at small (≲ 100 km) distances.
Biomechanical influence of thread form on stress distribution over short implants (≤6 mm) using finite element analysis
Authors: Liu Fan , Mao Zhi-Hong , Peng Wujie , Wen Sheng 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The macro and micro design is essential to the biomechanical performance of a short implant. In this study, the implant thread parameters of short implants used in edentulous maxillae will be discussed. The aim of the study is to analyse biomechanical distinctions in different thread parameters over short implants by applying the vertical or oblique load of 130 N on dental prosthesis. A 6*5 mm implant will be used in posterior maxillae arch, where the molar region locates. The CAD model has been assembled by three parts, a crown, an implant system and a jaw. By applying the vertical or oblique load to the crown, the Von-Mises stresses of cortical bone and trabecular bone will be evaluated in pairs along the lines v1–v2 & a1–a2. The results showed that the reverse buttress thread would induce more stresses in cancellous bone whereas the buttress did the opposite. The trapezoidal thread (V-thread) is more favourable than the reverse buttress thread in accordance to the FEA result. The rectangle threads will induce more uneven stresses in cancellous bones.
Introduction of BD Vacutainer® Barricor™ tubes in clinical biobanking and application of amino acid and cytokine quality indicators to Barricor plasma
Authors: Knutti Nadine , Neugebauer Sophie , Scherr Franziska , Mathay Conny , Marchese Monica , Henry Estelle , Palm Julia , Betsou Fay , Kiehntopf Michael 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The use of BD Vacutainer® Barricor™ tubes (BAR) can reduce turnaround time (TAT) and improve separation of plasma from cellular components using a specific mechanical separator. Concentrations of amino acids (AAs) and cytokines, known to be labile during pre-analytical time delays, were compared in heparin (BAR, BD Heparin standard tube [PST]), EDTA and serum gel tubes (SER) to validate previously identified quality indicators (QIs) in BAR.

Methods
Samples of healthy individuals (n=10) were collected in heparin, EDTA and SER tubes and exposed to varying pre- and post-centrifugation delays at room temperature (RT). Cytokines (interleukin [IL]-8, IL-16 and sCD40L) were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and AAs were characterized by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Results
All QIs, AAs/AA ratio and cytokines increased during prolonged blood storage in heparin plasma (PST, BAR) and SER tubes. Comparison of 53 h/1 h pre-centrifugation delay resulted in an increase in taurine (Tau) and glutamic acid (Glu) concentrations by more than three times, soluble CD40L increased by 13.6, 9.2 and 4.3 fold in PST, BAR-CTRL and BAR-FAST, and IL-8 increased even more by 112.8 (PST), 266.1 (BAR-CTRL), 268.1 (BAR-FAST) and 70.0 (SER) fold, respectively. Overall, compared to prolonged blood storage, effects of post-centrifugation delays were less pronounced in all tested materials.

Conclusions
BAR tubes are compatible with the use of several established QIs and can therefore be used in clinical biobanking to reduce pre-analytical TAT without compromising QIs and thus pre-analytical sample quality analysis.
The inertial Jacquet–Langlands correspondence
Authors: Dotto Andrea 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We give a parametrization of the simple Bernstein components of inner forms of a general linear group over a local field by two invariants constructed from type theory, and explicitly describe its behaviour under the Jacquet–Langlands correspondence. Along the way, we prove a conjecture of Broussous, Sécherre and Stevens on preservation of endo-classes.
Dynamical zeta functions for geodesic flows
and the higher-dimensional Reidemeister torsion
for Fuchsian groups
Authors: Yamaguchi Yoshikazu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We show that the absolute value at zero of
the Ruelle zeta function defined by the geodesic flow
coincides with the higher-dimensional Reidemeister torsion
for the unit tangent bundle over a 2-dimensional hyperbolic orbifold
and a non-unitary representation of the fundamental group.
Our proof is based on the integral expression of the Ruelle zeta function.
This integral expression is derived from the functional equation of the Selberg zeta function for
a discrete subgroup with elliptic elements in

PSL
2

⁢

(
ℝ
)

{{\mathrm{PSL}_{2}(\mathbb{R})}}

.
We also show that the asymptotic behavior of the higher-dimensional Reidemeister torsion
is determined by the contribution of the identity element
to the integral expression of the Ruelle zeta function.
On homotopy braids
Authors: Bardakov Valeriy G. , Vershinin Vladimir V. , Wu Jie 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The homotopy braid group

B
^

n

{\widehat{B}_{n}}

is the subject of the paper. First, the linearity
of

B
^

n

{\widehat{B}_{n}}

over the integers is proved. Then we prove that the group

B
^

3

{\widehat{B}_{3}}

is torsion free.
A dual version of Huppert's ρ-σ conjecture for character codegrees
Authors: Moretó Alexander 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We classify the finite groups with the property that any two different character codegrees are coprime. In general,
we conjecture that if k is a positive integer such that for any prime p the number of character codegrees of a finite group G that are divisible by p is at most k, then the number of prime divisors of

|
G
|

{|G|}

is bounded in terms of k. We prove this conjecture for solvable groups.
Significant cognitive impairment likely associated with COVID-19 infection with relatively nonsevere symptoms
Authors: Reeves Roy R. , Willoughby Scott G. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
COVID-19 infection may involve the nervous system and has been associated with a number of neuropsychiatric complications, including impairment of cognition and dementia. Such complications are more likely to occur in (but are not limited to) patients with severe COVID-19 infections and those with concomitant risk factors. In this case report, the authors describe a normally functioning 51-year-old woman who developed cognitive impairment of a degree that rendered her unable to care for herself most likely related to a relatively nonsevere infection with COVID-19 about 2 months earlier. A detailed report of her deficits of different areas of cognitive functioning is provided. This report aims to make clinicians more aware of the potential for cognitive impairment in patients who have suffered from COVID-19, including those with infections that were not severe.
Reference intervals of homocysteine in apparently healthy Chinese Han ethnic adults
Authors: Si Tingwei , Zhang Wenqian , Fu Xia , Wang Yuping , Liu Daoqin , Wu Qiwen 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of this study was to establish reference intervals (RIs) of homocysteine (Hcy) in healthy Chinese Han ethnic adults according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) CA28-A3.

Methods
After filtering, serum Hcy values in 20,810 healthy subjects from a middle area of China (Wuhu, Anhui province) were measured. The non-parametrical percentile method was used to establish RIs and the 90% confidence intervals of lower and upper limits were calculated. The relationship between Hcy and age was analyzed by using Spearman’s approach. Besides, the risk of HHcy in males and females was examined by logistic regression analysis.

Results
The RIs of Hcy were 9.10–20.20 μmol/L for males, 6.10–15.90 μmol/L for females and 8.00–19.80 μmol/L for total subjects from 20 to 90 years old. The serum Hcy level was significantly correlated with age both in males (r=0.2159, p<0.0001) and females (r=0.2955, p<0.0001). In males, the prevalence and the risk of HHcy were higher than females of all ages (p<0.001).

Conclusions
Through the analysis of a large dataset from healthy population, it showed that the variations in different age- and sex-related RIs of Hcy were significant. It suggested that establishing more specific age- and sex-related RIs for Hcy in China is necessary.
What the mouth says matters to multicultural learners in general and special education
Authors: Obiakor Festus E. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The mouth has naturally been an important tool for human existence. For example, the food we eat goes through the mouth to venture into our digestive system and the words we say come out of our mouths as we communicate with others. To elucidate my discourse, I focus on the latter as a tool that matters in most of our human activities, especially in education and human interactions. As a result, what comes out of the mouth of people, in this case educators, can uplift and hurt students, parents, colleagues, and stakeholders, to mention a few. It now behooves general and special educators to be careful and/or be educated on how to effectively use what the mouth says to light the candles in others instead of cursing the darkness in them. This is the thrust of this article.
A review on heterogeneous oxidation of acetaminophen based on micro and nanoparticles catalyzed by different activators
Authors: Qutob Mohammad , Rafatullah Mohd , Qamar Mohammad , Alorfi Hajer S. , Al-Romaizan Abeer N. , Hussein Mahmoud A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Emerging contaminants are the contaminants that newly identified their adverse effects on the environment. Pharmaceutical compounds have gained researchers’ attention among developing organic pollutants as the demand for pharmaceutical compounds has increased, implying their continuing release into the environment. Acetaminophen (ACT) is a popular drug that is wildly used without prescription for the relief of headaches and rheumatic pains. In some places, the detected values of ACT are more than the natural values, which may seriously threaten the environment. Many methods have been applied to remove ACT from water. The advanced oxidation process (AOP) based on micro and nanoparticles has shown promising results to remove ACT from an aqueous medium. This review provides a summary and an organization of the scattered available information related to studies that investigated the removal of ACT from water by an AOP based on micro and nanoparticles. Many topics investigated in this review include the influence of temperature, pH, catalyst concentration, pollutant concentration, the effects of scavengers and oxidants, the stability of the catalyst, and doping ratio. The main results obtained for the removal of ACT by using micro and nanoparticles have been discussed in this review.
Effect of bonding time on the microstructure and mechanical properties of graphite/Cu-bonded joints
Authors: Chen Bin , Zhu Haitao , Zhao Kehan , Song Yanyu , Liu Duo , Song Xiaoguo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The increasing serious heat dissipation problem faced by electronic equipment used in airplanes makes studies on new heat dissipation components urgent. The diffusion bonding of graphite and Cu was successfully realized by a Ti/Ag/Nb interlayer at the bonding conditions applied (850°C, 4 MPa with bonding time varying from 30 to 90 min). The influence of bonding time on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the joints was studied. When the bonding time was 30 min, the typical microstructure of the joints was as follows: graphite/TiC reaction layer/residual Ti layer/Ti2Ag layer/TiAg/Ti[Ag,Nb]/Cu. As the bonding time increased, the thickness of the residual Ti layer decreased, whereas the thickness of the Ti[Ag,Cu] layer increased. When the bonding time was extended to 90 min, Ti–Cu intermetallic compounds were detected adjacent to the Cu. The shear strength showed an increasing trend with the extension of the bonding time. When the bonding time was 90 min, the maximum shear strength of the joints was 13.4 MPa.
Improved synthesis of sophorolipid biosurfactants using industrial by-products and their practical application
Authors: Sivagiri Sri Dharini , Mali Suraj N. , Pratap Amit P. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Surfactants are amphipathic molecules that are generally chemically derived. Compared to these surfactants, biosurfactants have a better environmental profile and are derived from microorganisms. Among the biosurfactants, sophorolipids (SLs) are probably the most promising biosurfactants. In general, the costs of raw materials in the synthesis of biosurfactants accounts for about 10–30% of the total costs. These costs can be reduced to some extent by using industrial by-products as substrates for the synthesis of SLs. In this study, sunflower acid oil (SAO), a by-product of sunflower oil refining, and crude glycerol (so-called “sweetwater”), which is the glycerol-rich solution from the mixed fat hydrolysis reaction, also an industrial by-product, are used for the synthesis of SLs. We obtained comparable yields (0.8/50 mL) to previous reports using a combination of treated SAO (10% w/v) and sweetwater (19% w/v). For the bleaching process, we used 1% and 3% activated earth for normal and heavy treatments over a period of 1 h and 3 h, respectively. Glycerol is inexpensively available in the form of sweetwater from fat-splitting plants and was used as the hydrophilic source. The purification of the SL can be achieved by crystallization at pH 7. The purified SL is analyzed by thin layer chromatography (TLC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Then, it was incorporated into different liposomal formulations for the encapsulation of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) ibuprofen. The ratio of drug to cholesterol and SL was 1:1:0.5. The liposomal structures were examined for their size of 2 µ by direct light scattering.
Anomalous skin effects and energy transfer of R-L waves in relativistic partially degenerate plasma
Authors: Noureen Syeda 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
On utilizing the kinetic model for transverse permittivity in a weakly magnetized electron plasma, the two particular phenomena of wave-particle interaction i.e., anomalous skin depth and energy transfer are examined in circularly polarized R- and L-waves within relativistic Fermi–Dirac distributed plasmas. Further, the non-trivial influential roles by some salient parameters i.e., relativistic thermal

T

m

0

c

2

>
0

$\left(\frac{T}{{m}_{0}{c}^{2}} > 0\right)$

, γ (from bulk flow such that γ > 1), degeneracy (due to

μ

T

$\frac{\mu }{T}$

) and weak ambient magnetic field (B
0), on above mentioned wave phenomena, are also analyzed. The derived results, in the form of polylog function, delineate the inverse relation between spatial damping and energy flux transportation regarding the variation in above mentioned dominant parameters. It is noticed that the relativistic thermal parameter serve as a penetration depth elevator for R- and L-waves and so they transfer energy slowly, whereas the degeneracy and relativistic γ parameters submerse the depth and cause upraise in energy transfer. Moreover, the increase in weak ambient magnetic field reduces the penetration depth of R-wave that delivers its energy rapidly, whereas it enlarges the penetration depth of L-wave which causes slow delivery of its energy. The results discussed (both analytically and graphically) are justifiably confirmed with previous illustrative reports. Applicability of the analysis relevant in partially degenerate regions both in space (e.g., in white dwarfs and young brown dwarf) and laboratory (e.g., in laser plasma interaction, liquid metals, inertial confinement fusion (ICF) and Fermi gas of metals) plasmas.
Lectura simbólica de ciertas adaptaciones del mito: de Orfeu da Conceição a Orfeu Negro
Authors: Morales Campos Arturo , Pardo Fernández Rodrigo 
Published: January 2022

En la adaptación, o el paso de un texto cifrado en un código a otro en un código diferente, suele entenderse como una especie de traducción sin más. No obstante, las circunstancias sociohistóricas en las que se da esa “traducción” son altamente determinantes; es decir, algunas de las condiciones sociales bajo las que emerge el nuevo texto “adaptado” pueden integrarse y darle un sentido un tanto diferente, ya sea transcribiendo o criticando dichas circunstancias.
El presente trabajo aborda el filme Orfeu Negro (1959), de Marcel Camus, con la finalidad de analizar determinados elementos textuales: signos, símbolos, mitos, etc., comunes en el contexto que emerge dicho texto. Estos elementos le imprimen una especificidad y, en adición, una serie de referencias ideológicas que, en gran medida, se opone a la percepción tradicional de la adaptación.