bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pentixafor as a theranostic agent in rectal and pancreatic adenocarcinoma: outcomes from a pilot study
Authors: Ahern Elizabeth , Thomas Paul , Campbell Louise , Latter Melissa , Eastgate Melissa , Wyld David , Clark David A , Stevenson Andrew R.L , O’Rourke Nicholas , Cavallucci David , Bryant Richard , Burge Matthew 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Accurate staging is essential in the management of pancreatic and rectal adenocarcinomas, and where prognosis after management of advanced, unresectable disease remains poor, further treatment options are urgently needed. CXCR4 is the receptor for chemokine CXCL12, with enriched expression in malignant compared with normal tissue, and putative tumorigenic signalling functions. Pentixafor, a peptide targeting CXCR4, is a theranostic agent capable of being labelled with gallium-68 (Ga-68) for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, and lutetium-177 (Lu-177) for therapy. Using PET scanning, we sought to explore the potential utility of pentixafor as a theranostic agent by examining avidity of Ga-68-pentixafor uptake in a pilot study of patients diagnosed with rectal or pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).Methods: We performed a single-arm, prospective, single-institution pilot study. Patients with newly diagnosed pancreatic or rectal adenocarcinoma received Ga-68-pentixafor-PET in addition to the usual clinical and radiologic workup for their disease. Suitability for peptide receptor radionucleotide therapy (PRRT) was judged using the Thera-P trial criteria[1]. Using binomial probability, a target of 12 patients was set for recruitment for each cancer cohort, given that if more than seven patients demonstrated insufficient uptake, there would be 95% confidence that a sensitivity threshold which would be deemed to warrant further investigation in a larger study (85%) would not be met.Results: Pentixafor-PET was administered to 8 rectal cancer patients and 9 PDAC patients and no adverse events were noted. Low-to-moderate levels of pentixafor tracer avidity was demonstrated at all sites of primary disease, most sites of nodal metastatic disease and some distant metastases in each cohort, although less uptake relative to Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET/CT was noted suggesting that use of pentixafor is inferior to FDG in staging. No patients satisfied PRRT suitability criteria and further recruitment was terminated.Conclusion: In this small pilot study, insufficient pentixafor avidity was demonstrated in cases of rectal cancer and PDAC to warrant further exploration as a potential candidate for radionuclide therapy.Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry. ACTRN12617000596303 (rectal). ACTRN12617000595314 (pancreatic). Registered on 27th April 2017. https://www.anzctr.org.au/TrialSearch.aspx.First patient was enrolled on 2nd May 2017
Gastric metastasis of hpeatic sarcomatoid carcinoma: a case report and literature review
Authors: Ma ShuoShuo , Zhang DengYong , Zhao GuanRu , Ding Sheng , Wu Qiong , Zhang XueLi , Lu Zheng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Hepatic sarcomatoid carcinoma (HSC), an extremely rare malignant tumor in clinical practice, mostly occurs in the right lobe and rarely in the left lobe of the liver. This paper reports a case of sarcomatoid carcinoma that occurred in the left outer lobe of the liver, accompanied by gastric stromal tumors (GSTs) of the greater curvature of the stomach, and the patient developed gastric metastasis of liver sarcomatoid carcinoma in the later stage.
Case presentation:
A 63-year-old male patient was diagnosed with both HSC and GST. With fever as the main clinical manifestation, the liver malignant tumor was detected after he underwent abdominal computer tomography (CT) and ultrasound-guided percutaneous liver biopsy at the local hospital. The patient came to our hospital for further treatment. During the next electronic gastroscopy, we found multiple submucosal tumors (SMT) in the stomach. Without multiple metastases in other parts, we performed left hepatic lobe resection with gastric partial resection, and the postoperative pathology determined the presence of HSC and GST. One month after surgery, the patient felt well, and the imaging examination found no obvious space-occupying lesions in other areas. Unfortunately, four months later, the patient showed pain in the upper left abdomen and found metastases in the stomach. We performed the operation on him again, and the patient recovered well after the operation. The patient was still alive at the time of writing this paper.
Conclusion
Hepatic sarcomatoid carcinoma lacks characteristic clinical manifestations and is highly malignant. Surgery is the first choice for the treatment of patients with HSC. For sarcomatoid cancer that occurs in the left lobe of the liver, we need to be highly vigilant against the tumor's invasion of the stomach tissue, especially when the tumor breaks through the capsule of the liver. In addition, during the operation, doctors need to perform delicate operations to avoid dissemination and metastasis of the gastrointestinal tract.
Effect of Human Platelet Lysate as Cultivation Nutrient Supplement on the Expansion of Human Natal Dental Pulp Stem Cells In Vitro
Authors: Pilbauerova Nela , Schmidt Jan , Kleplova Tereza Suchankova , Soukup Tomas , Suchanek Jakub 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Despite scientific and ethical issues, fetal bovine serum (FBS) remains the standard nutrient supplement in the mesenchymal stem cell cultivation medium. Given that cell amplification plays an important role in human stem cell therapies, there is an increasing interest in finding suitable human alternatives to FBS for in vitro cell propagation. One such alternative is human platelet lysate (hPL).
Methods
Our study aimed at evaluating the influence of 2% hPL in growth medium for in vitro expansion of human natal dental pulp stem cells (hNDP-SCs). We determined the effect this medium had on proliferation rate, viability, phenotype profile, expression of several markers, relative telomere length change, and differentiation potential of four lineages of hNDP-SCs. As a control, hNDP-SCs were simultaneously cultivated in 2% FBS.
Results
hNDP-SCs cultivated in hPL showed a statistically significantly higher proliferation rate in initial passages. We did not observe a statistically significant effect on mesenchymal stem cells marker (CD29, CD44, CD73, CD90) or stromal-associated marker (CD13, CD166) expression. The cell viability, relative telomere length, and multipotency remained unaffected in hNDP-SCs cultivated in hPL-medium.
Conclusions
In conclusion, hPL produced under controlled and standardized conditions has demonstrated to be an efficient serum supplement for in vitro expansion of hNDP-SCs.
Clinical and microbiological characteristics of and risk factors for bloodstream infections among patients with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A single-center retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lee Eun Hwa , Lee Ki Hyun , Lee Se Ju , Kim Jinnam , Baek Yae Jee , Ahn Jin Young , Jeong Su Jin , Ku Nam Su , Choi Jun Yong , Yeom Joon-Sup , Song Young Goo , Kim Jung Ho 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) provides hemodynamic and oxygenation support to critically ill patients. Due to multiple catheter cannulations, patients on ECMO are vulnerable to bloodstream infections (BSIs). We aimed to investigate the incidence, clinical characteristics, risk factors, and microorganisms associated with BSIs during ECMO. MethodsThis single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted between January 2015 and May 2021. Patients aged 18 years or older with an ECMO duration of >48 hours for cardiogenic or respiratory support were included in the study. Patients who developed bacteremia or candidemia from 12 h after ECMO cannulation to 7 days after de-cannulation were included. The clinical factors between non-BSI and BSI were compared, along with an analysis of the risk factors associated with BSI during ECMO. Results A total of 480 patients underwent ECMO for cardiogenic shock (n=267, 55.6%) or respiratory failure (n=213, 44.4%) during the study period. The incidence was 20.0 episodes per 1,000 ECMO-days. Approximately 20.2% (97/480) and 5.4% (26/480) of the patients developed bacteremia and candidemia, respectively. The median numbers of days of BSI development were 8.00 days for bacteremia and 11.0 days for candidemia. The most common pathogens were methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (n=24), followed by vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (n=21). Multivariable logistic analysis demonstrated that hemodialysis (odds ratio [OR]=2.647, p<0.001), veno-arterial-venous mode (OR=1.911, p=0.030), and total ECMO duration (OR=1.030, p=0.007) were significant risk factors for bacteremia. The total ECMO duration was the only risk factor associated with candidemia (OR=1.035, p=0.010). The mortality rate was significantly higher in the bacteremia (57.7 %) and candidemia (69.2 %) groups than that in the non-BSI group (43.6%). ConclusionBSI is a common complication of patients receiving ECMO support and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Determining the type of frequently isolated organisms and the median onset time of BSI would help in the selection of appropriate prophylactic antibiotics or antifungal agents.
A new treatment option for stage IIIB lung squamous cell carcinoma-Hypofractionated brachytherapy combined with ICIs: A Case Report
Authors: WEI CHUN , Cui Ran , Li Yixian , Jiang Ou 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Here, we present a case of a patient with stage IIIB squamous lung cancer with mediastinal and cervical lymph node metastases in the left lung with peripheral squamous lung cancer, who was selected for simultaneous immunotherapy with insertional radiotherapy at the primary site in the left lung, followed by intensity-modulated radiotherapy for mediastinal and cervical lymph node metastases and maintenance immunotherapy every 3 weeks. There was no treatment-related toxicity above grade 2 during the treatment. The response was PR, and PFS was more than 12 months. That provides a new therapeutic idea for treating advanced squamous lung cancer.
Increased level of Complement C3 in patients with osteoporosis and enhanced osteogenic ability in osteoblasts with Complement component 3 knockdown
Authors: Liu Kang , Yu Yang , Tong Minghao , Tang Binbin , Shi Xiaolin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective(s):Complement C3 has the potential to impact bone homeostasis. The purpose of this study is to determine the difference in serum Complement C3 levels between osteoporosis patients and non-osteoporosis patients, as well as how Complement C3 silencing impacts and works on osteoblast osteogenesis.Materials and Methods: 58 people who underwent dual energy X-ray bone mineral densit(BMD) measurement in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University from June to September 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. According to the classification of BMD t value, the subjects were divided into 31 cases in osteoporosis group and 27 cases in non- osteoporosis group. Complement C3 levels were recorded. and compared between the two groups. Then, the Complement C3 knockdown lentivirus was used to transfect Raji. The Raji-osteoblast line MG63 co-culture system was constructed after the stable strain was screened. CCK-8 and flow cytometry were used to assess the proliferation and apoptosis of MG63, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was used to evaluate the osteogenic ability of MG63, and RT-PCR was used to assess the expression level of osteoprotegerin（OPG）of MG63.Results:Complement C3 levels in osteoporosis patients' serum are elevated，the proliferation level and osteogenic ability of MG63 were improved in Complement C3 knockdown Raji-osteoblast MG63 co-culture system. Furthermore, OPG expression in MG63 was enhanced.Conclusion:To sum it up, the level of Complement C3 in the serum of osteoporosis patients is elevated.Knocking down Complement C3 boost osteoblast osteogenic ability, which may be achieved by controlling OPG / RANKL / RANK system.
Association of potassium concentration and variability with mortality among patients requiring continuous renal replacement therapy in intensive care units: a hospital-based retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kor Chew-Teng , Mao I-Chieh , Lin Pei-Ru , Wu Shin-Hwar , Hsu Hsin-Hui , Hung Pei-Shan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Serum potassium between 3.5 to 5.0 mmol/L is known to be a safe range for patients. The optimal serum potassium level for critically-ill patients with acute kidney injury undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) remains uncertain. This retrospective analysis investigated the association between ICU mortality and potassium concentrations and variability. Methods: ICU patients aged 20 or older, with a minimum of two serum potassium values during received CRRT, treated in ICU in a tertiary hospital in central Taiwan between 1 January 2010 and 30 April 2021 were eligible for inclusion. Patients were categorized into groups of mean potassium: <3.0, 3.0 to <3.5, 3.5 to <4.0, 4.0 to <4.5, 4.5 to <5.0, and ³5.0 mmol/L; potassium variability was divided by quartiles of the average real variation. We analyzed the association between potassium concentration and variability with mortality and performed Cox’s proportional hazard models.Results: We studied 1991 CRRT patients with 9891 serum potassium values within 24 hours after receiving CRRT. There was a J-shaped association between serum potassium and mortality, with the lowest mortality observed in patients with mean potassium concentrations between 3.0 and 4.0 mmol/L. The risk of in-hospital death was also significantly increased in those with the highest variability [HR and 95% CI=1.31(1.03-1.65) for in-hospital mortality; 1.39(1.06-1.82) for 28-day mortality and 1.43(1.11-1.83) for 90-day mortality, respectively].Conclusions: Patients receiving CRRT may benefit from a lower and tighter serum potassium control. During CRRT, progressively increased mortality was noted in patients with higher potassium variability. Thus, careful and timely correction of dyskalemia among these patients is particularly important.
Prediction model of ischemic stroke based on machine learning
Authors: Zhang Zhijie , Zou Zhihong , Yang Junjie , Guan Xin , Chen Xialan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background Existing research focuses on the identification of key risk factors for stroke, improves the accuracy of stroke risk prediction, and provides more evidence for the scientific diagnosis, treatment and intervention of stroke. Methods We included 4785 cases, stratified by sex (men: n=3156; women: n=1629) and age (18-40 years; 41-54 years; 55-69 years; 70+ years), the survey data of stroke patients conducted by Cooperative Hospital from 2019 to 2020. After data preprocessing, an extreme learning machine was used to construct a stroke risk prediction model.Results The stroke risk prediction model was identified that total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein were the 10 most important risk factors affecting the onset of stroke. The prediction accuracy rate of the risk prediction model is 97%.Conclusion The method in this paper can quickly and effectively dig out the key risk factors affecting the onset of stroke from the data, and predict the risk of the onset, which has high application value.
Effect of flunixin meglumine on pain associated with cautery disbudding on dairy goat kids
Authors: Martínez Gabriela Marcela , Suárez Víctor Humberto , Hempstead Melissa , Alfaro Emilio , Caro Luis Colque , Alfaro José 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
At 7 days of age, 30 goat kids were randomly allocated to three groups: Sham (Sh) control, (i.e., simulating disbudding); Disbudding (Di), using thermal cauterization; Disbudding + Flunixin (DiFl), thermal cauterization + flunixin meglumine (2.2 mg/kg body weight). Each kid was video-recorded for 30 min before and after treatment to evaluate the frequency of head shaking, head scratching, body shaking, grooming, head rubbing, jumping, running, and bleating. Blood samples were taken 30 minutes after disbudding to evaluate serum cortisol concentrations and white blood cell count. Heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR) were measured using a stethoscope. Liveweight of goat kids was recorded at birth, the day before and 7 days after treatment, and at 25 days of age. The mean frequency of behaviors, such as head shaking (Sh: 3.42 ± 3.58; Di: 37.5 ± 47.8; DiFl: 4.02 ± 2.76) and head scratching (Sh: 2.2 ± 1.8; Di: 33.32 ± 31.2; DiFl: 4.42 ± 3.72) after treatment (corrected by pre-treatment values) were higher (p = 0.0001) in Di than in Sh and DiFl, and the frequency of jumping was higher (p = 0.022) for Di (3.74 ± 2.24) than that of DiFl (0.39 ± 0.92). The remaining behaviors did not show differences (p > 0.05). HR and RR were higher (HR: p < 0.0048; RR: p < 0.035) in group Di (HR: 156 ± 13.6; RR: 66 ± 14.8) than in Sh (HR: 138 ± 8.48; RR: 55.6 ± 5.4) and in DiFl (HR: 136 ± 6.38; RR: 52.8 ± 4.13). No differences were detected between liveweight, white blood cell count data (p > 0.05). Based on the results, it appears that flunixin meglumine reduced pain associated with disbudding and improves animal welfare.
Increased ACL impacts maternal diabetes induced neural tube defects by promoting modification of H3K27ac through Gadd45g pathway
Authors: Bai Baoling , Xiao Zonghui , Zhou Zhenzhen , Wan Chunlei , Li Dan , Liu Lingyun , Sun Chunrong , Bao Yihua , Li Huili , Zhang Qin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) in early pregnancy increases the risk of offspring neural tube defects (NTDs). Enzymes regulated histone acetylation has been reported lin ked to this pathogenic process. While few studies focus on the intermediate acetyl-CoA, a substrate source of histone acetylation modification to maternal DM induced NTDs. Here, by using HPLC-MS/MS, western blot (WB) et al., technologies, we report that ATP citrate lyase (Acl), metabolic enzyme of glucose related tricarboxylic acid cycle, increased expressed in human and mice DM related NTDs, which further induced acetyl-CoA accumulation, and subsequently upregulated histone 3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27ac). Elevated H3K27ac reduce to target the neural tube closure genes: Gadd45g, Ddit3. Once inhibition of Acl, the glucose- induced suppression of Gadd45g can be alleviated by downregulation of the level of H3K27ac both in vivo and in vitro, which is a possible mechanism leading to NTDs. Our results indicated that high glucose regulates NTDs related genes by increasing Acl and up-regulating the level of H3K27ac, provide a new pathogenic mechanism for DM related NTDs.
The Effects of Childhood Experience on Later-Life Physical Activity
Authors: Leith Chayse 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Metabolic illnesses are currently a worldwide pandemic. Physical activity is a widely accepted method to improve metabolic health. Identifying aspects of childhood experience that positively affect a person's life-long physical activity levels is vital to reducing the effects of metabolic illness. Objective: To gain perspective of child-parent relationship qualities that correlate with positive metabolic health and physical activity levels into adulthood. Methodology: 233 participants participated in a survey gathering information on self-reported physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and familial background. Five subjects then participated in interviews, building in-depth insight into the information provided in the survey. Results: Subjects belonging to families with a lack of perceived support for sports participation were significantly more likely to be classified as sedentary adults. Discussion: Correlations between physical activity's ubiquity align with positive health outcomes. Parental support plays an instrumental role in a person's motivation and continuation of healthy lifestyle choices. Conclusion: Parental support and fulfillment of basic needs within childhood have strong predictability power over a person's adult metabolic health.
Risk factors of frailty and functional disability in community-dwelling older adults: A cross-sectional analysis of the FREEDOM-LNA Cohort Study
Authors: Tchalla Achille , Laubarie-Mouret Cécile , Cardinaud Noëlle , Gayot Caroline , Rebiere Marion , Dumoitier Nathalie , Rudelle Karen , Druet-Cabanac Michel , Laroche Marie-Laure , Boyer Sophie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Frailty is a geriatric syndrome associated with disability and negative health outcome. To determine the factors associated with frailty and functional disability in older subjects living in community in France. We included 753 community-dwelling old subjects with available frailty data at baseline.RESULTS: Overall, 31.9% were frail, 58.3% were prefrail, and 9.8% were robust. The SMAF score was significantly lower (mean ± standard deviation: -25.8±11.2) in frail participants compared to prefrail (-14.3±9.7) or robust participants (-8.1±7.0); 82% of frail older participants had limitation in at least one ADL and 97.5% in at least one IADL compared to 54.2% and 76.8%, respectively of pre-frail and 29.7% and 47.3% of robust participants. Age, depression, impaired cognition and diabetes were significantly associated with higher odds of frailty. These variables were also strongly associated with functional disability. Female gender, polymedication, and smoking were additional variables significantly associated with degraded SMAF and/or ADL/IADL. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that functional disability increased proportionally to frailty, and depression, cognitive decline and diabetes are modifiable risk factors significantly associated with frailty and functional disability.
The causal relationship between HIV-1 infection and the spectrum of Coronavirus disease 2019: a Mendelian randomisation study
Authors: Ma Ziyan , Chen Qiaosen , He Jingwen , Feinstein Matthew J , Mimiaga Matthew J , Jiang Hongbo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
There is currently little available evidence about the causal relationship between HIV infection and Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and these relationships may differ across populations and socioeconomic contexts. In this study, two-sample Mendelian randomisation analyses were conducted using summary-level data from genome-wide association studies of the European ancestry population. We initially examined the causality from HIV-1 infection to the spectrum of COVID-19 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, COVID-19 hospitalisation, and very severe respiratory disease]. Then we additionally tested the causality from socioeconomic-position (SEP) indicators (educational attainment and household income) to HIV-1 infection, and from educational attainment and household income to the spectrum of COVID-19. We also tested the causality from HIV-1 infection to body height as a negative control. Null causality from HIV-1 infection to the spectrum of COVID-19 was found. The risk of HIV-1 infection significantly decreased as educational attainment and household income increased. Higher educational attainment was causally associated with lower odds of the spectrum of COVID-19. Higher household income was causally associated with lower odds of COVID-19 hospitalisation and very severe respiratory disease. Negative control shared a similar result with the estimates between HIV-1 infection and the spectrum of COVID-19. We concluded that HIV-1 infection was not causally associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19 hospitalisation, and very severe respiratory disease. Reduction in socioeconomic inequality could potentially ameliorate COVID-19-related and HIV-related health inequities.