bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Clinical Study on the Use of Methotrexate in Rheumatoid Arthritis Based on CDAI Score
Authors: Anjali K , Radhika P , Devanshi P , Vivek T , Bhavy K 
Published: November 2022

Methotrexate (MTX) has been used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis for more than 2 decades. It has proven its efficacy in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in numerous randomized controlled trials. Compared with other second-line drugs, a higher percentage of patients can continue therapy with MTX over a prolonged period. However, its long-term effectiveness in RA remains unclear. Therefore, a retrospective observational study was performed from the period of 2016-21.
Objectives: To evaluate the treatment plan and use of MTX in RA patients and to determine the efficacy of MTX therapy in Rheumatoid arthritis based on the CDAI score.
Methodology: A retrospective multicentric observational study was performed for 5 years on patients who were diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis & were on methotrexate therapy. The statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 20.
Results and Discussion: A total of 763 patients were enrolled in the study, out of which 84.53% were females and 15.46% were males. Among the subjects, 11.8 % presented with low disease activity, 50.2 % presented with moderate disease activity, and 37.7% presented with high disease activity. 14.15% of patients were put on methotrexate monotherapy while the remaining 85.85% of patients were given MTX in combination with other synthetic DMARDs. Out of the total patients that were given combination therapy, 87.94% were on MTX+HCQ treatment.
Conclusion: Methotrexate has been proven to be efficacious in the treatment of the Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Keywords: Methotrexate, Rheumatoid Arthritis, CDAI Score
Nanoparticle applications in intracellular infections
Authors: Torres Judith , Lara Tatiana , Grijalva Marcelo 
Published: November 2022

Objective: To review selected recent studies on the therapeutic applications of nanoparticles and nanoparticle-conjugated antimicrobials as new therapeutic alternatives for a variety of intracellular infections.
Data Sources: Recent published papers on nanoparticles and intracellular infections, including bacterial, viral, and parasitic diseases in humans. The PubMed database was used as the main source. Publicly available papers were retrieved.
Summary of Contents: Therapeutic failure in intracellular infections is a challenging clinical problem. Antibiotics, anti-parasitics, antivirals, and other drugs might not reach effective levels in intracellular compartments; these agents in high doses might become toxic and may show undesirable effects. Researchers have been looking for alternative strategies for antimicrobials to reach intracellular spaces. The development of novel drugs and release mechanisms is currently a research priority in infectious diseases. With this background, new approaches such as those based on nanotechnology, including the fabrication of drug nanocarriers, are of increasing interest to researchers and clinicians. The goal for nanocarriers is to provide controlled release of drugs into cellular compartments with high selectivity, higher efficiency, better therapeutic outcomes, less toxicity, and more rational dosing schemes compared to traditional ones. Biocompatibility of nanocarriers may ensure affinity to the reticuloendothelial and immunological systems, which might facilitate drug delivery into intracellular compartments.
Conclusion: Nanoparticle systems have great potential in infectious diseases, particularly in difficult-to-treat infections, such as those caused by intracellular pathogens. These systems have been tested with several drugs, enzymes, genes, and peptides, showing long half-lives due to their hydrophilic coatings. The optimization of nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems has improved our understanding of the different mechanisms underlying biological interactions and the engineering of even more complex nanoparticles.
Keywords: Nanoparticles, intracellular infections, novel therapeutics.
Formulation Development and Evaluation of Nanoparticulate Systems of Levofloxacin
Authors: Kumar Nitesh , Tiwari Dilip Kumar , Mehta Parul Ben D 
Published: November 2022

An emerging advancement in pharmaceutical sciences and perturbing limitation of conventional drug delivery systems have triggered extensive research in novel carrier systems. There has been extensive research on novel carriers that promise patient compliance, but toxicological part is still the biggest challenge to any drug delivery systems. In the present research, we have develop levofloxacin nanopartulate systems with chitosan and sodium triphosphte which offer safer dosage form with increased bioavailability as well as better patient compliance. In all formulation the minimum percentage yield shows in formulation F8 (70.23%) and maximum in formulation F6 (89.23%). The highest % cumulative drug release after 8 hrs was found to be 92.658 and first order release kinetics; the r2 value for first order was found to be 0.988
Keywords: Nanoparticulate systems, Chitosan, Levofloxacin, Compliance, Bioavailability.
HIV and HIV/TB coinfection: cluster distribution of regions in the Northwestern Federal District of Russia
Authors: Zagdyn Z. M. , Nechaeva O. B. , Sterlikov S. A. , Vasilyeva T. P. , Alexandrova O. Yu. 
Published: November 2022

Introduction. One of the main factors affecting TB burden is HIV progression and, in turn, PLWH predominantly die of TB.The study purpose was to identify high risk regions of HIV, HIV/TB coinfection in NWFD of Russia between years of 2007 to 2018.Materials and methods. K-means method was applied to identify HIV, HIV/TB incidence, prevalence and mortality rates, as well as share of heterosexual HIV transmission route clusters in 10 regions of NWFD. The need data were extracted from relevant forms of federal statistical observation between 2007 to 2018. NAO was excluded from cluster analysis due to absence of HIV/TB coinfection cases in study period. For holistic understanding of HIV/TB coinfection trends, TB incidence, prevalence and mortality rates were estimated too without including them in cluster analysis.Results. Along with significant reduce in TB cases there was increase in HIV case data in most regions, especially in Arkhangelsk oblast where HIV incidence raised by 617.8% in period analyzed. Meanwhile Kaliningrad oblast became the only region where HIV incidence (–21.5%) and mortality (–65.6%), also HIV/TB incidence (–55.0%) is failed in 2007–2018. Heterosexual HIV transmission risk was high in almost all regions, especially in NAO (100.0%), Pskov (89.2%), Novgorod (78.8%) oblasts. K-means method detected the highest HIV spread in Arkhangelsk oblast (first cluster), lowest — in Kaliningrad, Leningrad, Murmansk oblasts and St. Petersburg (third cluster). Other regions with intermediate HIV case data formed second cluster. HIV/TB coinfection most rapidly spreads in Arkhangelsk, Pskov and Novgorod oblasts (first cluster), most slowly — in Kaliningrad, Leningrad oblasts and in St. Petersburg (third cluster). In other regions, spread of HIV/TB coinfection has average rate, forming second intermediate cluster.Conclusion. Along with significant improvement in TB epidemic, spread of HIV and HIV/TB coinfection in regions of NWFD considered as uneven. In regions with high concentration of HIV cases, HIV and HIV/TB coinfection rates are slowed down. Conversely, highest rates of HIV cases, as well as of HIV/TB coinfection case data, are observed in regions with low HIV accumulation, indicating the need to strengthen TB measures in PLWH in regions with a low spread of HIV.
Sustained Low Income, Income Changes, and Risk of All-Cause Mortality in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Lee Hong Seok , Park Jimin Clara , Chung Inkwan , Liu Junxiu , Lee Seong-Su , Han Kyungdo 
Published: November 2022

OBJECTIVE
There is limited evidence on the association of sustained low-income status, income changes, and all-cause mortality risk in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Using the Korean Health Insurance Service database, we studied 1,923,854 adults with T2D (aged ≥30 years) without cardiovascular disease and cancer, who were enrolled from 2009 through 2012 and followed to the end of 2020 (median 10.8 years of follow-up). We defined income levels based on the amount of health insurance premiums and categorized them into quartiles, the first being the low-income group, and assessed the income status annually in the preceding 5 years. Cox proportional hazards models were used to quantify the association of low-income status and income changes with mortality, with adjustment for sociodemographic factors, comorbidities, and diabetes duration and treatment.

RESULTS
Participants who consecutively had low income showed a higher risk of mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 1.19; 95% CI 1.16–1.22), compared with those who had never been in the low-income group. This association was much stronger for consecutive recipients of Medical Aid, reflecting very-low-income status (HR 2.26; 95% CI 2.16–2.36), compared with those who had never been Medical Aid beneficiaries. Sustained low- and very-low-income status was associated with increased risk of mortality, specifically for younger adults (aged &lt;40 years) and males. Those who experienced declines in income between the first (preceding 5 years) and the last (baseline) time points had an increased risk of mortality, regardless of baseline income status.

CONCLUSIONS
Among Korean adults with T2D, sustained low-income status and declines in income were associated with increased risk of mortality.
PENGARUH E-SERVQUAL TERHADAP LOYALITAS PELANGGAN ONLINE GARUDA INDONESIA AIRLINES
Authors: Christina Christina 
Published: November 2022

Tingkat persaingan yang ada di dalam industri penerbangan yang cukup ketat tersebut membuat setiap perusahaan yang bermain di dalamnya berlomba untuk menciptakan value yang terbaik bagi pelanggannya. Pertumbuhan pasar yang potensial ini ternyata ditanggapi secara serius oleh perusahaan-perusahaan penerbangan yang ada Indonesia dengan memberikan added value kepada para konsumen jasa penerbangan. Peningkatan kepuasan pelanggan, minat beli dan loyalitas pelanggan,dapat dilakukan melalui peningkatan kualitas pelayanan. Kualitas layanan Garuda Indonesia Airlines sudah tidak perlu diteliti lagi karena sudah banyak penelitian yang menyatakan tingginya tingkat kualitas layanan serta banyaknya penghargaan yang didapat oleh perusahaan penerbangan ini. Garuda Indonesia Airlines merupakan suatu perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang jasa penerbangan yang juga memiliki pelanggan yang sangat loyal diantara penumpang premium di pasar domestik. Tetapi kualitas layanan elektronik masih harus dianalisis karena electronic service quality merupakan salah satu strategi saat ini bagi perusahaan untuk meningkatkan daya saing.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh electronic service quality terhadap loyalitas pelanggan online Penerbangan Garuda Indonesia. Data dikumpulkan melalui survei denganmenggunakan 200 kuesioner kepada pelanggan Penerbangan Garuda Indonesia yang pernah bertransaksi pada situs Garuda Indonesia pada tahun 2013. Teknik analisis yang di gunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah SEM atau Structural Equation Modeling yang dioperasikan melalui program AMOS. Kata Kunci : e-service quality, kepuasan online, minat beli online, loyalitas pelanggan online.
PENGARUH KUALITAS PRODUK DAN HARGA TERHADAP KEPUASAN PELANGGAN YANG BERDAMPAK PADA VOLUME PENJUALAN
Authors: Sudarsono Agus , Ariyanto Aris , Akbar Mada Faisal 
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh secara parsial kualitas produk dan harga terhadap kepuasan pelanggan, pengaruh kepuasan pelanggan terhadap volume penjualan serta pengaruh simultan kualitas produk dan harga terhadap kepuasan pelanggan Cireng Salju Pada PT. Bonju Indonesia Mas. Metode penelitian bersifat Asosiatif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pelanggan Cireng Salju PT. Bonju Indonesia Mas, sedangkan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 110 responden. Tehnik pengumpulan data dengan cara kuesioner, dan Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji instrument, uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi, koefisien korelasi, koefisien determinasi, uji t hitung dan uji f hitung. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa secara parsial kualitas produk berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan, hal ini dapat dibuktikan dari nilai regresi linier sederhana Y=25,009+0,229X, Nilai t hitung 3,311 > t tabel 1,982 dengan signifikan 0,001 < 0,05, dan besarnya kontribusi kualitas produk terhadap kepuasan pelanggan sebesar 9,2%. Secara parsial harga berpengaruh negatif terhadap kepuasan pelanggan, ini dapat dibuktikan dari nilai regresi linier sederhana Y= 39,204 – 0,394X, Nilai t hitung – 6,232 > t tabel - 1,982 dengan signifikan 0,000 < 0,05, dan besarnya kontribusi harga terhadap kepuasan pelanggan sebesar 26,4%. Secara parsial kepuasan pelanggan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap volume penjualan, hal ini dapat dibuktikan dari nilai regresi linier sederhana Y=3,174+0,594X, Nilai t hitung 5,855 > t tabel 1,982 dengan signifikan 0,000 < 0,05 dan besarnya kontribusi kepuasan pelanggan terhadap volume penjualan sebesar 24,1%. Secara simultan kualitas produk dan harga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan, hal ini dapat dibuktikan dari nilai F hitung 23,504 > F tabel 3,08 dengan siginifikan 0,000 < 0,05, dan besarnya kontribusi kualitas produk dan harga terhadap kepuasan pelanggan sebesar 30,5%.
PENGARUH BEBAN WORK FROM HOME DAN KEMAMPUAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA GURU SMA NEGERI 5 KEJURUAN MUDA
Authors: Zati Muhammad Rizqi 
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh beban work from home dan kemampuan kerja terhadap kinerja guru SMA Negeri 5 Kejuruan Muda. Metode yang diimplementasikan yaitu metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Populasi seluruh guru SMA Negeri 5 Kejuruan Muda berjumlah 32 orang guru, dan pengambilan sampel dengan metode sampling jenuh. Metode wawancara dan kuesioner digunakan sebagai pengumpulan data dengan uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas sebagai alat ukur. Analisis regresi linear berganda digunakan sebagai metode analisis dengan menggunakan uji parsial dan uji simultan. Hasil analisis regresi dengan persamaan Y = 8,526 + 0,413 X1 + 0,263 X2. Hasil uji t untuk pengaruh beban wfh (X1) terhadap kinerja guru (Y) adalah sebesar 4,132 dan nilai t-sig lebih kecil dari nilai alpha yaitu sebesar 0,000 < 0,05, untuk pengaruh kemampuan kerja (X2) terhadap kinerja guru (Y) adalah sebesar 2,346 dan nilai t-sig lebih kecil dari nilai alpha yaitu sebesar 0,026 < 0,05. Dan hasil uji F adalah sebesar 12,874 dan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000 < 0,05.
PENGARUH DESAIN INTERIOR RESTORAN TERHADAP KEPUASAN TAMU DI RESTORAN SUTOMO CAFÉ PADA PUTRA MULIA HOTEL
Authors: Sitorus Olga Theolina 
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui desain interior restoran, kepuasan tamu dan pengaruh desain interior restoran terhadap kepuasan tamu di restoran sutomo cafe pada Hotel Putra Mulia. Beberapa metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif, skala likert dan pengujian validitas instrument. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pengaruh desain interior restoran terhadap kepuasan tamu di restoran Sutomo Café pada Putra Mulia Hotel adalah tinggi ( kolerasi tinggi ) dimana rhitung lebih besar dari rtabel(0,688>0,218). Desain interior restoran berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan tamu dimana nilai thitung lebih besar dari nilai ttabel ( 11,668 > 1,990 ). Pengaruh desain interior restoran terhadap kepuasan tamu sebesar 47,33% terhadap kepuasan tamu dan selebihnya sebanyak 52,66% dipengaruhi oleh faktor yang lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini. Dengan demikian hipotesis penelitian ini yang menyatakan bahwa desain interior restoran berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan tamu di restoran Sutomo Café pada Hotel Putra Mulia dapat diterima. Kata kunci : desain interior restoran, kepuasan tamu
PERAN GURU DALAM PERKEMBANGAN KOGNITIF ANAK USIA DINI MELALUI PENDEKATAN DEVELOPMENTALLY APPROPRIATE PRACTICE (DAP) DI TK PERMATA HIDAYAH LOLI SALURAN KABUPATEN DONGGALA
Authors: Suhardina  , Marwany  , Kasmiati  
Published: November 2022

Pendidikan anak usia dini (PAUD) pada hakikatnya adalah pendidikan yang diselenggarakan dengan untuk memfasilitasi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak secara menyeluruh atau menekankan pada perkembangan seluruh aspek keperibadian anak, oleh karena itu, paud memberikan kesempatan bagi anak untuk mengembangkan keperibadian dan pontesi secara maksimal.Penelitian ini membahas tentang peran guru dalam perkembangan kognitif anak usia dini melalui pendekatan developmentally appropriate practice (DAP). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan empat peran guru dalam perkembangan kognitif dan anak mampu belajar, memecahkan masalah, berpikir logis, dan berpikir simbolik melalui kegiatan tanya jawab, bernyanyi, bermain dan berhitung.
A New Attribute-Based Access Control Model for RDBMS
Authors: Al-Saraireh Jaafer , Hassan Majid 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
One of the challenges in Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) implementation is acquiring sufficient metadata against entities and attributes. Intelligent mining and extracting ABAC policies and attributes make ABAC implementation more feasible and cost-effective. This research paper focuses on attribute extraction from an existing enterprise relational database management system – RDBMS. The proposed approach tends to first classify entities according to some aspects of RDBMS systems. By reverse engineering, some metadata elements and ranking values are calculated for each part. Then entities and attributes are assigned a final rank that helps to decide what attribute subset is a candidate to be an optimal input for ABAC implementation. The proposed approach has been tested and implemented against an existing enterprise RDBMS, and the results are then evaluated. The approach enables the choice to trade-off between accuracy and overhead. The results score an accuracy of up to 80% with no overhead or 88% of accuracy with 65% overhead.
A Robust Feature Construction for Fish Classification Using Grey Wolf Optimizer
Authors: Santosa Paulus Insap , Pramunendar Ricardus Anggi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The low quality of the collected fish image data directly from its habitat affects its feature qualities. Previous studies tended to be more concerned with finding the best method rather than the feature quality. This article proposes a new fish classification workflow using a combination of Contrast-Adaptive Color Correction (NCACC) image enhancement and optimization-based feature construction called Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO). This approach improves the image feature extraction results to obtain new and more meaningful features. This article compares the GWO-based and other optimization method-based fish classification on the newly generated features. The comparison results show that GWO-based classification had 0.22% lower accuracy than GA-based but 1.13 % higher than PSO. Based on ANOVA tests, the accuracy of GA and GWO were statistically indifferent, and GWO and PSO were statistically different. On the other hand, GWO-based performed 0.61 times faster than GA-based classification and 1.36 minutes faster than the other.
Another Ambiguous Expression by Leonardo da Vinci
Authors: Soranzo Alessandro 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Mona Lisa (1503–6) is probably the most celebrated example of ambiguous expression in art. Soranzo and Newberry (2015) demonstrated that a similar ambiguity can be perceived also in La Bella Principessa (1495–6), another portrait credited to Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519) by many. The paper aims to show that an ambiguous expression can be perceived in a further painting attributed (although not unanimously) to Leonardo: The Lady with Dishevelled Hair, or La Scapigliata. An experiment was conducted whereby participants rated on a 7-point Likert scale the perceived level of contentment of La Scapigliata and that of a comparable painting created by Andrea di Cione, alias Il Verrocchio. The two artworks were presented in random order to two groups of participants. One group could see the artworks from Close (0.6m) whilst the other group from Far (6m) from a Close (0.6 m) or Far (6 m) condition. Results show that the change of distance affected the perceived level of contentment of Leonardo’s figure but not that of Verrocchio’s. Specifically, whilst both artworks received similar ratings of contentment from the close-up condition, La Scapigliata was perceived to be more content from afar. It is concluded that La Scapigliata exhibits an ambiguous expression, and that this ambiguity is similar to the one observed in the Mona Lisa and La Bella Principessa. This result can be only partially interpreted within the spatial frequency hypothesis advanced by Livingstone (2000) and shows that a phenomenological account of Leonardo’s work might be more suited to capture the full extent of the phenomenon. Specifically, it is suggested that the principles of perceptual belongingness (Wertheimer, 1923) may need to be considered to fully capture the extent of the ambiguity depicted by Leonardo.
When Absence Comes to Matter: The Old Calendarist Church’s Strive for Survival in 20th Century Romania
Authors: Nagy Iuliana Cindrea 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Absence is made present through objects, images, texts, or thoughts and, through various practices, absence also has agency. Absence was often a reality which Old Calendarists had to endure due to the intrusive character of the secret police: their churches were destroyed, they were deprived of their religious books, photographs, icons, and even religious leaders. These actions created an absence which, in turn, I argue in this article, inspired the Old Calendarist’s strive for survival. Today, the secret police archives in Romania store many of these absences, be they objects, images or life stories, that could become presences and continue, complete, or simply end some chapters in the histories of the Old Calendarist Church. In this study I will offer examples that convey the manners in which the Old Calendarist Church managed to navigate through and make use of these absences in order to survive persecution, highlighting the value of the secret police archives as sites or spaces of recovery from absence and loss.
Settlement Analysis of a Sandy Clay Soil Reinforced with Stone Columns
Authors: Boru Yada Tesfaye , Negesa Adamu Beyene , Scaringi Gianvito , Puła Wojciech 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Mat foundations are most typically used in locations featuring weak soils such as soft clays and silts, particularly when building in demanding geotechnical conditions. Because of their poor engineering characteristics and significant difficulties associated with workability, these soils are often removed or avoided by excavating down to a specific depth. However, if thick layers are present, their removal becomes unpractical, costly, and creates inconvenience during construction. To overcome this issue, various reinforcement strategies can be adopted. In this study, the use of stone columns under mat foundations was investigated via numerical modeling. Two scenarios were compared: one in which stone columns were installed without any soil removal and another in which a layer of soft ground was removed and the foundation was installed without any ground treatment. Numerical results showed the clear beneficial effect of stone columns, which can significantly reduce settlements even in the presence of a thick deformable soil layer.