bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dissemination and Use of Point-of-Care Ultrasound by Pediatricians in Europe
Authors: Parri Niccolò , Berant Ron , Giacalone Martina , Jones Sarah Dianne , Friedman Nir ,   the REPEM POCUS collaboration
Published: May 2022

Objective
We surveyed the dissemination and use of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS), physician training levels, and barriers and limitations to use of POCUS among pediatricians and pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) physicians across Europe and Israel.

Methods
A questionnaire was distributed through the PEM section of the European Society for Emergency Medicine and the Research in European Pediatric Emergency Medicine Network.

Results
A total of 581 physicians from 22 countries fully completed the questionnaire. Participants were primarily pediatric attending physicians (34.9% [203 of 581]) and PEM attending physicians (28.6% [166 of 581]). Most of the respondents, 58.5% (340 of 581), reported using POCUS in their practice, and 61.9% (359/581) had undergone POCUS training. Point-of-care ultrasound courses represented the most common method of becoming proficient in POCUS. Overall, the Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma scan was the mostly taught application, with 76.3% (274 of 359). Resuscitative, diagnostic, and procedural POCUS were rated as very useful or useful by the most of respondents.
The lack of qualified personnel to train (76.9% [447 of 581]), and the insufficient time for physicians to learn, POCUS (63.7% [370 of 581]) were identified as the main limitations to POCUS implementation.

Conclusions
The dissemination of pediatric POCUS in the European and Israeli centers we surveyed is limited, and its applications are largely restricted to the Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma examination. This is likely related to lack of training programs. In contrast, the potential value of use of POCUS in PEM practice is recognized by the majority of respondents.
Single photon kilohertz frame rate imaging of neural activity
Authors: Tian Tian , Yuan Yifang , Mitra Srinjoy , Gyongy Istvan , Nolan Matthew F 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEstablishing the biological basis of cognition and its disorders will require high precision spatiotemporal measurements of neural activity. Recently developed genetically encoded voltage indicators (GEVIs) report both spiking and subthreshold activity of identified neurons. However, maximally capitalising on the potential of GEVIs will require imaging at the millisecond time scales, which remains challenging with standard camera systems. Here we report application of single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) sensors to imaging neural activity at kilohertz frame rates. SPADs are electronic devices that when activated by a single photon cause an avalanche of electrons and a large electric current. We use an array of SPAD sensors to image individual neurons expressing genetically encoded voltage indicators. We show that subthreshold and spiking activity can be resolved with shot noise limited signals at frame rates of up to 10 kHz. SPAD imaging was able to reveal millisecond scale synchronisation of neural activity in an ex-vivo seizure model. SPAD sensors may have widespread applications for investigation of millisecond timescale neural dynamics.Table of contentsThe high temporal precision of single photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) is leveraged to record neural activity reported by genetically encoded voltage indicators. Sub-threshold and spiking activity of single neurons was resolved with shot noise limited signals at frame rates of up to 10 kHz. SPAD sensors may have widespread applications for neural imaging at high frame rates.
Are competitiveness rankings and institutional measures helping emerging economies to improve?
Authors: Buitrago R. Ricardo E. , Torralba Barreto Daniel Ricardo , Reyes Giovanni E. 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
Based on the rankings of the global competitiveness index and the fragile states index, this paper aims to suggest alternative approaches to shed some light on the effectiveness of rankings in helping emerging economies improve their competitiveness from an institutional standpoint.

Design/methodology/approach
The statistical analysis consisted of a two-stage analysis; the first stage consisted of constructing an updated Alternative Institutional Quality Index (AIQI), intending to design a comparative measure between dimensions over time. The second stage consisted of evidencing the structure of each of the observed dimensions' variance to evidence the existing changes or gaps of the AIQI and its components. The authors incorporated the Kruskas–Wallis (KW) model to test the results.

Findings
This paper demonstrates that the analyzed countries generally maintain their competitive position, even though changes in their scores are reflected. This makes invisible the development and progress factors generated by the countries that are mainly found with low scores and only reflect stable structures that allow them to maintain their position.

Research limitations/implications
The current study has a limitation because it concentrated on a few selected indicators based on the literature review. The limitations of this research may be overlooked in the future by adding additional variables and observations. The paper could be improved by including intra- and inter-regional approaches to control based on the occurrence of specific circumstances (i.e. informal institutions, economic development or factor endowments).

Practical implications
The paper contributes to the applicable measurement of competitiveness and its structural change over time.

Originality/value
This paper proposed an alternative and simple methodology to assess the evolution of the competitiveness indicators; this methodology could be used to measure structural changes at different levels, which may be an input for the design and implementation of policies to foster competitiveness.
Putting head-worn displays to use for order picking: a most-similar comparative case study
Authors: Bal Michiel , Vermeerbergen Lander , Benders Jos 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThis paper aims to identify why warehouses do or do not succeed in putting to use digital technologies for order picking.Design/methodology/approachBuilding on structuration theory, the authors investigate the situated use of one such a digital technology, more particularly the head-worn display (HWD). Based on a most-similar comparative case study of two Belgian warehouses pioneering HWDs, the authors focus on whether and how order pickers and their manager interact to modify the properties, functionalities, and the context in which the HWD is used.FindingsIn one warehouse, using the HWD was discontinued after implementation. In the other, order pickers and the order pickers' manager succeeded in implementing the HWD into their work. The authors find that the prime explanation for these opposite findings lies in the extent to which order pickers were given room to improve the properties and functionalities of the HWD as well as the conditions that unfold in the HWD's use context. In the latter warehouse, pressing issues were overcome and improvement suggestions were implemented, both regarding the HWD itself as well as regarding the job-related and person-related conditions.Originality/valueTheoretically, the authors contribute to the situated use of technology stating that (1) giving room to alter the use of digital technologies, and (2) fostering continuous employee participation regarding conditions stemming from the use context are necessary to realize the promising and unexploited potential of digital technology in practice. Empirically, this paper exposes distinct types of interactions that explain whether and how digital technologies, in particular HWDs, are put to use for order picking practices.
Occupant trust in indoor air quality in a large office building after an emergent wildfire
Authors: Kim Amy , Wang Shuoqi , McCunn Lindsay , Bramono Novi T.I. 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to establish a reliable scale measuring occupants’ levels of environmental trust in their work settings’ indoor air quality and explore the relationship between occupants’ levels of environmental trust and their perceived control over the air quality in their workspace.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors conducted occupant surveys concerning indoor air quality in an office building, and collected corresponding indoor air quality measurements. Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis results are reported to reveal occupants’ levels of environmental trust and perceived control.

Findings
Results reveal that psychological perceptions of indoor air quality can be quite neutral, even shortly after an extreme wildfire event resulting in very poor air quality in an urban area. Occupants’ sense of trust that their office building could protect them from harmful air outside, and their belief that the building could protect them from seasonal smoky conditions, each correlated positively with employees’ sense of control over the indoor air quality in their personal workspace.

Originality/value
This case study adds to an interdisciplinary understanding for facility managers and organizational leaders concerning a way to measure occupants’ sense of control over the indoor air quality in their building, as well as their environmental trust in terms of how protected they feel from harmful air quality conditions.
Non-dyadic human–robot interactions and online brand communities
Authors: Lima Vitor , Zanini Marco Tulio , Reis Irigaray Hélio Arthur 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThis research investigates and conceptualizes non-dyadic human–robot interactions (HRI).Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted a netnographic study of the Facebook group called “iRobot – Roomba,” an online brand community dedicated to Roomba vacuums. Their data analysis employed an abductive approach, which extended the grounded theory method.FindingsDyadic portrayals of human–robot interactions can be expanded to consider other actants that are relevant to the consumption experiences of consumer robots. Not only humans but also nonhumans, such as an online brand community, have a meaningful role to play in shaping interactions between humans and robots.Research limitations/implicationsThe present study moves theoretical discussions on HRI from the individual level grounded in a purely psychological approach to a more collective and sociocultural approach.Practical implicationsIf managers do not have a proper assessment of human–robot interactions that considers different actants and their role in the socio-technical arrangement, they will find it more challenging to design and suggest new consumption experiences.Originality/valueUnlike most previous marketing and consumer research on human–robot interactions, we show that different actants exert agency in different ways, at different times and with different socio-technical arrangements.
The evolution of privacy in contemporary houses in Iran using space syntax techniques: a case study of Kerman
Authors: Zabihi Ali , Mirzaei Reza 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThe house not only provides shelter and security but also is a reflection of human privacy. One of the important factors involved in house design is privacy. The current research is a case study that examines privacy's evolution in contemporary houses in Kerman using space syntax techniques.Design/methodology/approachThis study is based on the quantitative approach of space syntax. A total number of 15 houses in Kerman built in three periods of Qajar, Pahlavi and the Islamic Republic, were examined for the space syntax indices using UCL DepthMap. The DepthMap outputs were also analyzed using one-way ANOVA.FindingsThe findings indicated that the arrangement of spaces in houses has altered over time from the 1920s onwards. There is a significant difference between houses of the Qajar, Pahlavi and the Islamic Republic eras, indicating a reduction in the hierarchy of access and reduced privacy in houses in the Islamic Republic.Research limitations/implicationsNumerous factors affect privacy (e.g. confidentiality, interface spaces, quality of openings and visibility). Nevertheless, this study focused on the impact of spatial configuration on privacy. It can be stated that the design of houses from the Pahlavi period was gradually associated with changes in culture and modern architecture, leading to a decrease in privacy.Originality/valueThis study used space syntax to examine the evolution of privacy in contemporary Iranian houses. Since privacy is a substantial issue in the middle east communities, the findings can help designers and relevant organizations consider privacy as much as other comfort factors in the early stages of design.
New out-performing structured pigments for anticorrosive practical applications
Authors: Ahmed Nivin M. , Mohamed Mostafa G. , Abd El-Gawad Walaa M. 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
Long time ago, multistructured materials showed great interest being considered as the bridge between bulk and atomic materials. Core-shell particles are kind of composite materials that refer to multilayered structures with a core totally surrounded by shell(s) (onion-like structure). These new structures can offer an advantage of applying new adjustable parameters like shape, stoichiometry and chemical ordering, in addition to the opportunity of tailoring more complexed structures for different applications. Recently it was found that these structures can be tuned and taken for more advanced path with novel structures formed of core surrounded by multishells. The purpose of this study is to study the effect of the new anticorrosive pigments with its mutual shells and how each shell affects the performance of the pigment in protecting the metal and which shell will be more relevant in its effect.

Design/methodology/approach
The prepared pigments were characterized using X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, TEM and SEM/EDX to prove their core-shell structure, and then they were integrated in coating formulations to evaluate their anticorrosive activity using immersion test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).

Findings
The results showed that the prepared core-shell pigments possess a lot of unique characteristics and can offer improved anticorrosive performance in the generated coatings.

Originality/value
Core-mutual shells structured pigments were prepared for improving the corrosion resistivity of the organic coatings as a new trend in anticorrosive pigments.
The evolution and future of lean Six Sigma 4.0
Authors: Antony Jiju , McDermott Olivia , Powell Daryl , Sony Michael 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThis purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the current state of research on Lean Six Sigma (LSS) and Industry 4.0 and the key aspects of the relationships between them. The research analyses LSS's evolution and discusses the future role of LSS 4.0 in an increasingly digitalized world. We present the benefits and motivations of integrating LSS and Industry 4.0 as well as the critical success factors and challenges within this emerging area of research.Design/methodology/approachA systematic literature review methodology was established to identify, select and evaluate published research.FindingsThere is a synergistic nature between LSS and Industry 4.0. Companies having a strong LSS culture can ease the transition to Industry 4.0 while Industry 4.0 technologies can provide superior performance for companies who are using LSS methodology.Research limitations/implicationsOne limitation of this research was that as this area is a nascent area, the researchers were limited in their literature review and research. A more comprehensive longitudinal study would yield more data. There is an opportunity for further study and analysis.Practical implicationsThis study reviews the evolution of LSS and its integration with Industry 4.0. Organisations can use this study to understand the benefits and motivating factors for integrating LSS and Industry 4.0, the Critical Success Factors and challenges to such integration.Originality/valueThis is the first systematic literature review on LSS 4.0 and can provide insight for practitioners, organisations and future research directions.
Dermoscopic features of eyelid margin tumors: A single‐center retrospective study
Authors: Jaworska Karolina , Sławińska Martyna , Wyszomirski Adam , Lakomy Joanna , Sobjanek Michał 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDespite rapid growth in the significance of dermoscopy in dermatological oncology, relatively little is yet known about the dermoscopic patterns of eyelid margin tumors. The aim of the study was to analyze the dermoscopic features of eyelid margin tumors. This was a retrospective, single‐center, consecutive study which included clinical and dermoscopic analysis of eyelid margin tumors diagnosed at the Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology at the Medical University of Gdańsk from 1 June 2016 to 31 December 2020. Dermoscopic features significantly more prevalent in malignant non‐melanocytic lesions compared to benign ones were alteration in eyelash growth, structureless pink areas, starry milia‐like cysts, and perpendicular vessels. In contrast, there were no dermoscopic features that occurred significantly more frequently in malignant melanocytic lesions when compared to benign ones. Basal cell carcinoma, in comparison to hidrocystoma, more commonly presented with ulceration and structureless pink areas. The main features differentiating basal cell carcinoma from dermal nevus were the presence of ulceration, alteration in eyelash growth, structureless pink and structureless white areas, and perpendicular vessels within the tumor with each of these features observed more commonly in basal cell carcinoma. Blue nevus, hemangioma, or pigmented hidrocystoma presenting exclusively with blue structureless areas may be difficult to differentiate based on dermoscopy. The study offers additional dermoscopic clues in the assessment of eyelid margin tumors. Some observations reported previously to be typical of basal cell carcinoma (e.g., linear vessels arranged perpendicularly to the eyelid margin) were documented also within the normal eyelid margin accompanying other cases, and according to our study, cannot be useful as a pathognomonic feature. In contrast, it seems that yellow structures (half‐moon sign, starry milia‐like cysts) may be important dermoscopic features, though further studies are needed to confirm our observations.
Angiotensin receptor‐neprilysin inhibitor attenuates cardiac hypertrophy and improves diastolic dysfunction in a mouse model of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Zhang Yue , Yuan Meng , Suo Ya , Yang Qian , Shao Shuai , Li Ying , Wang Yuanyuan , Bao Qiankun , Liu Tong , Li Guangping 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLCZ696, an angiotensin receptor–neprilysin inhibitor, has shown promising clinical efficacy in patients with heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction. However, its potential effects on heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) are still not fully understood. We evaluated the effect of LCZ696 on HFpEF in transverse aortic constriction mice and compared it with the effect of the angiotensin receptor blocker, valsartan. We found that LCZ696 improved cardiac diastolic function by reducing ventricular hypertrophy and fibrosis in mice with overload‐induced diastolic dysfunction. In addition, there was superior inhibition of LCZ696 than stand‐alone valsartan. As a potential underlying mechanism, we demonstrated that LCZ696 behaves as a potent suppressor of calcium‐mediated calcineurin‐nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) signalling transduction pathways. Hence, we demonstrated the protective effects of LCZ696 in overload‐induced HFpEF and provided a pharmaceutical therapeutic strategy for related diseases.
A risk calculator for postoperative urinary retention (POUR) following vaginal pelvic floor surgery: multivariable prediction modelling
Authors: Anglim Breffini C. , Tomlinson George , Paquette Joalee , McDermott Colleen D. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the perioperative characteristics associated with an increased risk of postoperative urinary retention (POUR) following vaginal pelvic floor surgery.DesignA retrospective cohort study using multivariable prediction modelling.SettingA tertiary referral urogynaecology unit.PopulationPatients undergoing vaginal pelvic floor surgery from January 2015 to February 2020.MethodsEighteen variables (24 parameters) were compared between those with and without POUR and then included as potential predictors in statistical models to predict POUR. The final model was chosen as the model with the largest concordance index (c‐index) from internal cross‐validation. This was then externally validated using a separate data set (n = 94) from another surgical centre.Main outcome measureDiagnosis of POUR following surgery while the patient was in hospital.ResultsAmong the 700 women undergoing surgery, 301 (43%) experienced POUR. Preoperative variables with statistically significant univariate relationships with POUR included age, menopausal status, prolapse stage and uroflowmetry parameters. Significant perioperative factors included estimated blood loss, volume of intravenous fluid administered, operative time, length of stay and specific procedures, including vaginal hysterectomy with intraperitoneal vault suspension, anterior colporrhaphy, posterior colporrhaphy and colpocleisis. The lasso logistic regression model had the best combination of internally cross‐validated c‐index (0.73, 95% CI 0.71–0.74) and a calibration curve that showed good alignment between observed and predicted risks. Using this data, a POUR risk calculator was developed (https://pourrisk.shinyapps.io/POUR/).ConclusionsThis POUR risk calculator will allow physicians to counsel patients preoperatively on their risk of developing POUR after vaginal pelvic surgery and help focus discussion around potential management options.
Increased risk of obstetric anal sphincter injury in women undergoing vaginal delivery after caesarean section: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Perslev Kathrine , Mørch Ella‐Josephine , Jangö Hanna 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is increased focus on obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI) and there are several well‐established risk factors such as birthweight, instrumental delivery and median episiotomy. Some studies have found increased risk of OASI in women delivering vaginally after a previous caesarean section (VBAC).ObjectiveTo evaluate whether there is increased prevalence of OASI in VBAC compared with primiparous women.Search strategyLiterature search using PubMed, Embase and Cochrane databases.Selection criteriaAll studies with data on both primiparous women and women undergoing VBAC were included. All included studies were evaluated using the “SIGN – methodology checklist” to verify if the quality was acceptable.Data collection and analysisThis systematic review included 23 articles conducted in 11 countries over 19 years. Included studies were analysed using RevMan version 5.4.Main resultsWe found increased prevalence of OASI in the VBAC group; 8.18% (95% confidence interval [CI] 8.07–8.29) compared with 6.59% (95% CI 6.56–6.62) in primiparous women. Correspondingly, the meta‐analysis revealed increased prevalence for OASI in the VBAC group (odds ratio 1.27, 95% CI 1.10–1.47). We found a high level of heterogeneity (I2 = 98%).ConclusionWomen undergoing VBAC had a higher prevalence of OASI compared with primiparous women.