bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How debris‐flow composition affects bed erosion quantity and mechanisms: An experimental assessment
Authors: Roelofs Lonneke , Colucci Pauline , de Haas Tjalling 
Published: April 2022

AbstractUnderstanding erosion and entrainment of material by debris flows is essential for predicting and modelling debris‐flow volume growth and hazard potential. Recent advances in field, laboratory and modelling studies have distilled two driving forces behind debris‐flow erosion: impact and shear forces. How erosion and these forces depend on debris‐flow composition and interact remains unclear. Here, we experimentally investigate the effects of debris‐flow composition and volume on erosion processes in a small‐scale flume with a loosely packed bed. We quantify the effects of gravel, clay and solid fraction in the debris flow on bed erosion. Erosion increased linearly with gravel fraction and volume, and decreased with increasing solid fraction. Erosion was maximal around a volumetric clay fraction of 0.075 (fraction of the total solid volume). Under varying gravel fractions and flow volumes erosion was positively related to both impact and shear forces, while these forces themselves are also correlated. Results further show that internal dynamics driving the debris flows, quantified by Bagnold and Savage numbers, correlate with erosional processes and quantity. Impact forces became increasingly important for bed erosion with increasing grain size. The experiments with varying clay and solid fractions showed that the abundance and viscosity of the interstitial fluid affect debris‐flow dynamics, erosional mechanisms and erosion magnitude. High viscosity of the interstitial fluid inhibits the mobility of the debris flow, the movement of the individual grains and the transfer of momentum to the bed by impacts, and therefore inhibits erosion. High solid content possibly decreases the pore pressures in the debris flow and the transport capacity, inhibiting erosion, despite high shear stresses and impact forces. Our results show that bed erosion quantities and mechanisms may vary between debris flows with contrasting composition, and stress that entrainment models and volume‐growth predictions may be substantially improved by including compositional effects.
Effectiveness of hospital transfer payments under a prospective payment system: An analysis of a policy change in New Zealand
Authors: Schumacher Christoph 
Published: April 2022

AbstractProspective payment systems reimburse hospitals based on diagnosis‐specific flat fees, which are generally based on average costs. While this encourages cost‐consciousness on the part of hospitals, it introduces undesirable incentives for patient transfers. Hospitals might feel encouraged to transfer patients if the expected treatment costs exceed the diagnosis‐related flat fee. A transfer fee would discourage such behavior and, therefore, could be welfare enhancing. In 2003, New Zealand introduced a fee to cover situations of patient transfers between hospitals. We investigate the effects of this fee by analyzing 4,020,796 healthcare events from 2000 to 2007 and find a significant reduction in overall transfers after the policy change. Looking at transfer types, we observe a relative reduction in transfers to non‐specialist hospitals but a relative increase in transfers to specialist facilities. It suggests that the policy change created a focusing effect that encourages public health care providers to transfer patients only when necessary to specialized providers and retain those patients they can treat. We also find no evidence that the transfer fee harmed the quality of care, measured by mortality, readmission and length of stay. The broader policy recommendation of this research is the introduction or reassessment of transfer payments to improve funding efficiency.
Increased risk of nonrelapse mortality post T‐cell‐replete haploidentical stem cell transplantation in patients with recurrence of acute graft‐versus‐host disease
Authors: Peng Bo , Dou Liping , Yang Jingjing , Wang Lili , Li Fei , Gao Xiaoning , Wang Shuhong , Jin Xiangshu , Wang Lu , Jia Mingyu , Wang Shenyu , Li Yan , Liu Daihong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAcute graft‐versus‐host disease (aGVHD) causes significant morbidity and mortality. While most studies focus on classic or late aGVHD, some patients with previous aGVHD achieve complete remission and later develop another episode of aGVHD. Data on recurrence of aGVHD (RaGVHD) are lacking. This study aimed to identify the incidence, risk factors, and impacts of RaGVHD after T‐cell‐replete haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation (haplo‐HCT) without posttransplantation cyclophosphamide. We evaluated patients with RaGVHD after haplo‐HCT between 2017 and 2019 and compared their outcomes to those of patients with no aGVHD and those of patients with one episode of de novo aGVHD. Of 199 patients included in the analysis, 45 experienced 50 cases of RaGVHD with a 1‐year cumulative incidence of 19.0% (95% CI: 14.5–24.6). Grade III–IV aGVHD was more common in RaGVHD than in previous aGVHD (22.2% vs. 4.4%, p = 0.01). Female donor to male recipient was strongly associated with RaGVHD (HR: 2.5, p = 0.009). The most common death in patients with RaGVHD was GVHD‐related, which was different from controls who mostly died from relapse (p = 0.008). RaGVHD was an independent risk factor for chronic GVHD (HR: 2.6, p = 0.006) and nonrelapse mortality (HR: 2.4, p = 0.019) and a significant predictor of lower GVHD relapse‐free survival (HR: 1.9, p = 0.020) and cGVHD relapse‐free survival (HR: 2.1, p = 0.007). In conclusion, clinical manifestations and negative impacts of RaGVHD needs to be recognized independently.
An outcome of quaternary fuel blended Fe3O4‐doped reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite on the diesel engine
Authors: Dhanasekaran Yogaraj , Sriramulu Jaichandar 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe study includes the use of alcohols in conjunction with diesel as a binary fuel and biodiesel. In addition, this study was conducted on quaternary fuels (premium diesel, waste cooking biodiesel,n‐butanol, and bioethanol), including Fe3O4(iron(III) oxide)‐doped reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposite to reduce the use of fossil fuels, their cost, and energy demand. It includes 10% bioethanol, 5%–20%n‐butanol, 25 ppm Fe3O4‐doped rGO nanocomposite, and 20% and 100% waste cooking biodiesel, all of which have been tested in a diesel engine to ensure that they are suitable for use. The findings were compared to those obtained with premium diesel, ranging from 50% to 100% at full engine load conditions. In comparison to 100% premium diesel fuel, the fuel blend (Blend G) had 37.50% brake thermal efficiency and 0.46% (brake‐specific energy consumption), as well as lower rates of 316.2% carbon monoxide, 198.80% hydrocarbon, and 80.01% smoke with 28.10% higher oxides of nitrogen (NOx). Adding 20%n‐butanol to premium diesel, as well as waste cooking biodiesel, bioethanol, and Fe3O4‐doped rGO nanocomposite fuel blends, was used in this study to improve the performance of the diesel engine and reduce some of the NOx emissions. In the near future, these fuel blends may be a viable alternative combination for the diesel engine.
Understanding the relationship between distress intolerance and problematic Internet use: The mediating role of coping motives and the moderating role of need frustration
Authors: Gu Minmin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionThere is emerging research interest in exploring the relationship between distress intolerance and problematic Internet use, yet most of the existing studies are limited by cross‐sectional design, convenience sampling method, and poor understanding of the potential mediating and moderating factors involved. Based on the distress intolerance theory of addictive behavior and the theory of compensatory internet use, this study investigated a moderated mediation model to explain the impact of distress intolerance on problematic Internet use in adolescents.MethodsA three‐wave longitudinal survey was conducted with 709 adolescents in Shanghai, China. The gender distribution was even, 50.2% were boys and 49.8% were girls. The mean age at T1 was 14.79 years (SD = 2.87).ResultsDistress intolerance at Time 1 was found to positively predict problematic Internet use at Time 3. This prospective relation was mediated by adolescents' coping motives for Internet use at Time 2. Further, the mediation effect of coping motives for Internet use was moderated by need frustration at Time 2. The moderated mediation model was statistically equivalent for both genders.ConclusionsFindings of this study contribute to new knowledge and have practical implications for prevention and intervention of adolescent problematic Internet use.
RNA‐binding proteins in diabetic microangiopathy
Authors: Tu Chao , Wang Liangzhi , Wei Lan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundAs the most common complication of diabetes, the diabetic microangiopathy characterizes diabetic retinopathy (DR) and nephropathy (DN). Diabetic microangiopathy has always been a serious clinical problem. A wide variety of nucleic acid interacting factors called the RNA binding proteins (RBPS) take part in several crucial cellular processes.MethodsOver the past decade, studies have shown that RBPs have crucial part in both malignant tumors and diabetes, especially in diabetic microangiopathy. This review examined the research history of RBPS in DR and DN.ResultsWe reviewed the literature and found that RBPS is potentially useful as therapeutic targets, diagnostic markers, or predict disease progression.ConclusionHuR acts as a vital therapeutic targeting protein in diabetic microangiopathy. IGF2BP2, P311, TTP, YBX1, and MBNL1 have a potential role in the treatment of DN.
On the flexibility of self‐repair: How holistic versus analytic thinking style impacts fluid compensatory consumption
Authors: Wang Qin , Lisjak Monika , Mandel Naomi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractConsumers often respond to a self‐discrepancy in a certain domain by engaging in consumption that may restore their perceived standing in that domain. However, less is known about when and why consumers seek products that affirm the self in domains that are important to their self‐worth, yet unrelated to the discrepancy (known as fluid compensation). We address this gap by identifying an important factor that influences fluid compensation: thinking style. Across five studies and three follow‐up studies, we find that people with a temporarily activated or dispositional holistic thinking style are more likely to engage in fluid compensation than people with an analytic thinking style. This phenomenon occurs because, by perceiving parts as more functionally related to a larger whole, holistic (vs. analytic) thinkers are more likely to view fluid compensation as instrumental to enhancing global self‐worth. Holistic (vs. analytic) thinkers' greater propensity to engage in fluid compensation, in turn, better enables them to restore their global self‐worth. These findings contribute to the literature on compensatory consumption, thinking style, and consumer wellbeing.
Enhancing the physical and structural properties of poly(glycolide‐co‐trimethylene carbonate‐co‐ε‐caprolactone) copolymer fibers
Authors: M. Ali Afaf , Amin Ali H. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractNowadays, due to the methodological needs in the application of internal surgery new methods evolving novel design for surgical suture are recommended. In this work, the effect of cold drawing process and the thermal annealing process on the different optical and structural properties of surgical suture fibers were studied. For the thermal annealing process, samples of Monosyn monofilaments suture fibers were thermally annealed at temperatures ranging from 50 to 100 for annealing time = 120 min. The thermal treatment was carried out under free end condition. For the cold drawing process, an Instron was used to mechanically draw and measures the tensile stress strain curve of Monosyn samples. Using differential scanning calorimetry, X‐ray diffraction techniques, and optical polarizing microscope the different properties of the tested sutures, such as the crystallinity, sample radius, birefringence, molecular orientation, and tensile properties were measured. From the resulting data, there was a marked increase in the physical and structural properties during the thermal annealing and cold drawing processes. This means that a new reorientation of Monosyn suture molecular chains were performed and approved by calculating the different orientations f(θ) and fc. This is an important improvement for these biodegradable materials to widen their medical use and improve their clinical results.Research Highlights
The stress–strain curve for Monosyn surgical fiber is J shape and identical to the human tissue stress‐stain curve.
The different orientation calculated improve that the drawing process affect directly on the fiber chain orientations.
The fiber chains orientation due to the cold drawing process causes strain induced crystallinity.
Unusual cause of a polypoid lesion in the extrahepatic bile duct
Authors: Tan Yu Bin , Wang Lai Mun , Kwek Andrew B E 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAdenomyomas are benign lesions that are most frequently found in the gallbladder but can also be rarely found in the biliary tract. Although benign, they present close similarity to malignant lesions and thus deserve important clinical consideration. We present a case of a 74‐year‐old Chinese man who presented acutely with fever and painless obstructive jaundice. CT imaging showed a large calculus within a dilated common bile duct (CBD) and, despite undergoing an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with stone clearance, there was a persistent filling defect that was adherent to the wall of the proximal common bile duct. His CA 19–9 was also significantly raised. Intraductal ultrasonography (IDUS) showed a polypoid mass with papillary‐like projections, and ERCP forcep biopsies were unable to exclude a lesion with neoplastic potential. The patient subsequently underwent cholecystectomy with open CBD excision and Roux‐en‐Y hepaticojejunostomy, and histology showed features consistent with a biliary adenomyoma.
A review of the incidence of tumor lysis syndrome in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia treated with venetoclax and debulking strategies
Authors: Sharman Jeffrey P. , Biondo Juliana M. L. , Boyer Michelle , Fischer Kirsten , Hallek Michael , Jiang Dingfeng , Kater Arnon P. , Porro Lurà Michele , Wierda William G. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe reviewed the literature (January 2010–June 2021) on the effectiveness of debulking strategies before venetoclax initiation in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia to reduce tumor burden, downgrade tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) risk, and avoid hospitalization. Low TLS incidence and reduced TLS risk based on tumor burden were reported following debulking in clinical trials. Real‐world observational studies reporting debulking regimens recorded no TLS events, and those without debulking strategies had greater TLS incidence. Debulking prior to venetoclax considerably reduces TLS incidence. Further clinical trials and real‐world studies may provide additional evidence on effectiveness of debulking in reducing TLS incidence and hospitalization need.
Examining the impact of a Diversity Dinner Dialogue led by school counselors on student and faculty multicultural attitudes
Authors: Merlin‐Knoblich Clare , Moore C. Missy , Dameron Merry Leigh 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFindings from a case study of participants’ (N = 27) multicultural (MC) attitudes before and after a Diversity Dinner Dialogue indicated increased but nonstatistically significant differences in MC attitudes and reactions across time (F(1.30, 27.30) = 3.58, p = 0.059). Results revealed a medium effect (g = 0.433, 95% CI = −0.004, 0.870) on improvement in participants’ MC attitudes and reactions from Data Collections #1 to #3 and a medium effect (g = 0.393, 95% CI = 0.055, 0.941) from Data Collections #1 to #2.
Investigation of immune response induction by Japanese encephalitis live‐attenuated and chimeric vaccines in mice
Authors: Fang Enyue , Liu Xinyu , Liu Xiaohui , Li Ming , Wang Ling , Li Miao , Zhang Zelun , Li Yuhua , Yu Yongxin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe Japanese encephalitis (JE) live‐attenuated vaccine SA14‐14‐2 and the chimeric vaccine IMOJEV (JE‐CV) are two kinds of vaccines available for use worldwide. JE‐CV was previously known as ChimeriVax‐JE, that consists of yellow fever vaccine 17D (YFV‐17D) from which the structural genes (prM/E) have been replaced with those of SA14‐14‐2. This study aimed to investigate the neutralizing antibody, protection efficacy, and specific T‐cell response elicited by both vaccines in mice. The neutralizing antibodies produced by JE‐CV were slightly lower than those produced by SA14‐14‐2, but the protection conferred by JE‐CV was considerably lower in the low vaccine dose immunization group. Furthermore, the JE‐CV did not induce a specific T‐cell response against JEV NS3, while it did induce a potent antigen‐specific T‐cell response against the viral backbone vaccine YFV. In conclusion, this study is the first detailed investigation of the cellular immune response to the two vaccines. Enzyme‐linked immunospot (ELISPOT) and flow staining suggest a more potent specific T‐cell response against the JEV antigen was elicited in mice immunized with SA14‐14‐2 but not JE‐CV. Using heterologous flaviviruses as a live‐attenuated vaccine backbone may unlikely generate an optimal T‐cell response against the vaccine strain virus and might affect the protective efficacy.
Novel insights into conceptus–maternal signaling during pregnancy establishment in pigs
Authors: Kaczynski Piotr , Goryszewska‐Szczurek Ewelina , Baryla Monika , Waclawik Agnieszka 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPregnancy establishment in mammals, including pigs, requires coordinated communication between developing conceptuses (embryos with associated membranes) and the maternal organism. Porcine conceptuses signalize their presence by secreting multiple factors, of which estradiol‐17β (E2) is considered the major embryonic signal initiating the maternal recognition of pregnancy. During this time, a limited supply of prostaglandin (PGF2α) to the corpora lutea and an increased secretion of luteoprotective factors (e.g., E2 and prostaglandin E2 [PGE2]) lead to the corpus luteum's maintained function of secreting progesterone, which in turn primes the uterus for implantation. Further, embryo implantation is related to establishing an appropriate proinflammatory environment coordinated by the secretion of proinflammatory mediators including cytokines, growth factors, and lipid mediators of both endometrial and conceptus origin. The novel, dual role of PGF2α has been underlined. Recent studies involving high‐throughput technologies and sophisticated experimental models identified a number of novel factors and revealed complex relationships between these factors and those already established. Hence, it seems that early pregnancy should be regarded as a sequence of processes orchestrated by pleiotropic factors that are involved in redundancy and compensatory mechanisms that preserve the essential functions critical for implantation and placenta formation. Therefore, establishing the hierarchy between all molecules present at the embryo–maternal interface is now even more challenging
The association between intolerance of uncertainty and Internet addiction during the second wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: A multiple mediation model considering depression and risk perception
Authors: Luo Ronglei , Li Qi , Meng Guangteng , Zheng Ya , Hu Kesong , Zhang Xiaoya , Dai Bibing , Liu Xun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRepeated outbreaks of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) have forced people to shift most of their work and life activities from offline to online, leading to a growing problem of Internet dependence and even Internet addiction. However, the mechanism of the association between COVID‐19‐related intolerance of uncertainty (COVID‐19 IU) and Internet addiction during the second wave of COVID‐19 is still unclear. The current study explored the association between COVID‐19 IU and Internet addiction as mediated by depression and risk perception based on the Uncertainty‐Depression‐Perception‐Addiction model (UDPA). A total of 1,137 adult participants were recruited, and COVID‐19 IU, depression, risk perception, Internet addiction, and demographic variables were analyzed. The results showed that COVID‐19 IU was significantly and positively associated with Internet addiction and that this relationship was mediated in parallel by depression and risk perception. Our findings further extend the Interaction of Person‐Affect‐Cognition‐Execution (I‐PACE) model from the perspective of applicability in the unique context of COVID‐19. Furthermore, the study suggests that individuals could decrease their dependence on the Internet to prevent Internet addiction during the second wave of the pandemic through effective interventions that include lowering COVID‐19 IU, improving emotion regulation, and developing reasonable perceptions of risk.
TX‐BHS berseem clover germplasm
Authors: Smith Gerald Ray , Rouquette Monte 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTX‐BHS (Reg. no. GP‐312, PI 699627) is a germplasm line of berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinumL.) selected for increased cold tolerance and hard seed production. This germplasm line was developed by Texas A&M AgriLife Research at Overton and is intended to extend the range and utility of this annual clover species. Berseem is well adapted to wet and waterlogged soils and has potential for expanded use in both pasture and cover crop systems. Improved hard seed production would allow expanded use of berseem in reseeding pasture and cropping systems. Three cycles of recurrent half‐sib selection and two cycles of recurrent phenotypic selection were applied to the variable base population (Mississippi Winter Hardy Berseem) at Overton, TX, from 1982 to 1988. Selection was successful in improving hard seed levels of TX‐BHS relative to ‘Bigbee’ berseem. Selection for winter survival and reduced cold damage caused a reduction in winter growth of TX‐BHS berseem relative to Bigbee berseem. This growth pattern shift was only observed in only one trial. The actual impact of selection on winter survival and cold tolerance of TX‐BHS berseem needs further study.
Proteomics‐driven identification of short open reading frame‐encoded peptides
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Li Yujie , Yuan Wenqian , Wang Zhiwei , Wan Cuihong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAccumulating evidence has shown that a large number of short open reading frames (sORFs) also have the ability to encode proteins. The discovery of sORFs opens up a new research area, leading to the identification and functional study of sORF encoded peptides (SEPs) at the omics level. Besides bioinformatics prediction and ribosomal profiling, mass spectrometry (MS) has become a significant tool as it directly detects the sequence of SEPs. Though MS‐based proteomics methods have proved to be effective for qualitative and quantitative analysis of SEPs, the detection of SEPs is still a great challenge due to their low abundance and short sequence. To illustrate the progress in method development, we described and discussed the main steps of large‐scale proteomics identification of SEPs, including SEP extraction and enrichment, MS detection, data processing and quality control, quantification, and function prediction and validation methods.