bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
0860 Burst Suppression due to Diffuse Encephalopathy
Authors: Pandey Shilpa , Coorg Rohini , Mohan Sherrill , Kaplan Kevin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Burst suppression is a finding on electroencephalography (EEG) associated with a severe encephalopathy associated with coma, severe infantile-onset epilepsy syndromes, hypothermia, or may be medically induced by general anesthesia. It presents as a pattern of alternating high-voltage, 75-250µV, activity separated by periods of amplitude dampening, less than 5µV, of electrical brain activity1. The duration of the burst’s activity is 1-20 seconds while the suppression lasts longer than 10 seconds1. When not medically induced, burst suppression is a known marker of poor prognosis.
Report of Cases: An 18-year-old male with cerebral palsy, spastic quadriplegia, and static encephalopathy secondary to hypoxemia ischemic injury in the perinatal period presents with excessive sleepiness during therapy sessions. He was empirically placed on non-invasive ventilatory support with BPAP ST 8/4 cm H2O with a rate of 10 breaths per minute for chronic respiratory failure during sleep. While awake he shows no evidence of hypoxemia or hypercapnia on room air. A polysomnogram was ordered showing moderate obstructive sleep apnea (oAHI 9.73) and central sleep apnea (5.84 events per hour) without hypoxemia (SpO2 nadir 90%), or hypercapnia (TcCO2 max 48 mmHg). The study was scored as REM/NREM as specific sleep architecture was not identified. Diffuse burst suppression was observed. No epileptiform abnormalities were recorded. A MRI of the brain shows diffuse encephalomalacia involving the supratentorial brain parenchyma with volume loss of the cerebellum, the pons, and brain stem.

Conclusion
The abnormal brain activity noted in our patient is due to underlying encephalomalacia and diffuse brain injury secondary to his perinatal hypoxemic ischemic injury. Despite his significant underlying neurological abnormality, he can maintain adequate ventilation and oxygenation while awake. While asleep, he has moderate obstructive and central sleep apnea without hypoxemia or hypercapnia. This is likely due to the activity of control centers of respiration being spared despite the volume loss noted on the brain MRI.

Support (If Any)
References:1) Bhattacharyya, Sourya; Biswas, Arunava; Mukherjee, Jayanta; Majumdar, Arun Kumar; Majumdar, Bandana; Mukherjee, Suchandra; Singh, Arun Kumar (1 November 2013). "Detection of artifacts from high energy bursts in neonatal EEG". Computers in Biology and Medicine. 43 (11): 1804–1814.2) Lee, Jaeyun; Song, Woo-Jin; Lee, Hyang-Woon; Shin, Hyun-Chool (2016). "Novel Burst Suppression Segmentation in the Joint Time-Frequency Domain for EEG in Treatment of Status Epilepticus". Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine. 2016.
0863 A Unique case of sleep state misperception in an elderly patient
Authors: Aryal Shubekchha , Azzouz Mouhannad , Stansbury Robert , R Subapriya 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Insomnia is a widespread condition, especially in the elderly population. While the International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD) third edition appropriately removed primary insomnia subtypes from the classification, our case illustrates the importance of these factors in considering a chronic insomnia disorder diagnosis. We present a case of severe subjective insomnia with no apparent objective findings, instead with evidence of excellent sleep efficiency on the contrary.
Report of Cases: A 76-year-old male with a past medical history of anxiety and a recent diagnosis of early Parkinson's disease presented to the Sleep medicine clinic with two years of insomnia which started after his retirement. The patient felt difficulty with falling asleep every night. He underwent a sleep study and was found to have sleep-disordered breathing, which responded well to Bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) therapy. However, insomnia symptoms persisted and were resistant to multiple medications, including Mirtazapine, Melatonin, and Suvorexant. He was referred for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy with minimal to no improvement in his symptoms. Conversely, a one-week Actigraphy recording on Bipap therapy surprisingly revealed an excellent sleep efficiency with near-continuous seven to eight hours of sleep every night.
The etiology of chronic insomnia is poorly understood but is typically multifactorial, as
described in the second edition of ICSD. In this case, paradoxical insomnia played a significant
role in the patient's clinical presentation. Paradoxical insomnia is defined as thoughts or
perceptions of time asleep as wakefulness, with objective measures documenting normative
amounts of sleep. Previous work suggests that alterations in the sleep/arousal system may
contribute to this apparent mismatch between conventional objective sleep measures and
subjective reports.

Conclusion
This case demonstrates the challenge of effectively diagnosing and managing chronic insomnia. While the new classification guidelines from the ICSD appropriately remove insomnia subtypes from the diagnostic paradigm, familiarity with these previously described subtypes may aid clinical decisions. Crucial to this discussion is that previously described "secondary" or "subtypes" of primary insomnia may develop an independent clinical course that may require further attention.

Support (If Any)
ICSD 2nd,3rd editions.
PtoMYB142, a poplar R2R3-MYB transcription factor, contributes to drought tolerance by regulating wax biosynthesis
Authors: Song Qin , Kong Lingfei , Yang Xuerui , Jiao Bo , Hu Jian , Zhang Zhichao , Xu Changzheng , Luo Keming 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDrought is one of the main environmental factors that limit plant development and growth. Accordingly, plants have evolved strategies to prevent water loss under drought stress, such as stomatal closure, maintenance of root water uptake, enhancement of stem water transport, and synthesis and deposition of cuticular wax. However, the molecular evidence of cuticular wax biosynthesis regulation in response to drought is limited in woody plants. Here, we identified an MYB transcription factor, Populus tomentosa Carr. MYB transcription factor (PtoMYB142), in response to drought stress from P. tomentosa. Over-expression of PtoMYB142 (PtoMYB142-OE) resulted in increased wax accumulation in poplar leaves, and significantly enhanced drought resistance. We found that the expression of wax biosynthesis genes CER4 and 3-ketoacyl CoA synthase (KCS) were markedly induced under drought stress, and significantly up-regulated in PtoMYB142-OE lines. Biochemical analysis confirmed that PtoMYB142 could directly bind to the promoter of CER4 and KCS6, and regulate their expression in P. tomentosa. Taken together, this study reveals that PtoMYB142 regulates cuticular wax biosynthesis to adapt to water-deficient conditions.
Multimorbidity Confers Greater Risk for Older Patients in Emergency General Surgery Than the Presence of Multiple Comorbidities
Authors: Rosen Claire B. , Wirtalla Chris , Keele Luke J. , Roberts Sanford E. , Kaufman Elinore J. , Holena Daniel N. , Halpern Scott D. , Kelz Rachel R. 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Little is known about the impact of multimorbidity on outcomes for older emergency general surgery patients.

Objective:
The aim was to understand whether having multiple comorbidities confers the same amount of risk as specific combinations of comorbidities (multimorbidity) for a patient undergoing emergency general surgery.

Research Design:
Retrospective observational study using state discharge data.

Subjects:
Medicare beneficiaries who underwent an operation for an emergency general surgery condition in New York, Florida, or Pennsylvania (2012–2013).

Measures:
Patients were classified as multimorbid using Qualifying Comorbidity Sets (QCSs). Outcomes included in-hospital mortality, hospital length of stay and discharge status.

Results:
Of 312,160 patients, a large minority (37.4%) were multimorbid. Non-QCS patients did not have a specific combination of comorbidities to satisfy a QCS, but 64.1% of these patients had 3+ comorbid conditions. Multimorbidity was associated with increased in-hospital mortality (10.5% vs. 3.9%, P<0.001), decreased rates of discharge to home (16.2% vs. 37.1%, P<0.001), and longer length of stay (10.4 d±13.5 vs. 6.7 d±9.3, P<0.001) when compared with non-QCS patients. Risks varied between individual QCSs.

Conclusions:
Multimorbidity, defined by satisfying a specific QCS, is strongly associated with poor outcomes for older patients requiring emergency general surgery in the United States. Variation in risk of in-hospital mortality, discharge status, and length of stay between individual QCSs suggests that multimorbidity does not carry the same prognostic weight as having multiple comorbidities—the specifics of which are important in setting expectations for individual, complex patients.
Consumer-Based STI Screening among Young Adult Women: The Negative Influence of the Social System
Authors: Griner Stacey B. , Reeves Jaquetta M. , Webb Nathaniel J. , Johnson Kaeli C. , Kline Nolan , Thompson Erika L. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background
Young adults (ages 18-24) are disproportionately burdened by sexually transmitted infections (STIs), but STI screening rates are low among this age group. Negative social factors, such as stigma, influence STI screening behavior, but it is unknown if alternative methods such as consumer-based screening can reduce these barriers. This study examined how stigma impacts consumer-based STI testing among young adult women.

Methods
Qualitative data were collected via in-depth interviews with sexually active women, age 18-24, enrolled at a large public university in the South (n = 24). Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and analyzed thematically with a priori and emergent codes by two coders (Kappa = .83).

Results
Participants from this study perceived sexual activity was viewed positively for men, but negatively stigmatized for women. Further, lack of sexuality education in schools was another contributor to stigma since abstinence-only education is commonly provided in this region. Participants felt offering information on consumer-based STI screening methods may be beneficial to address these barriers.

Conclusions
Stigma and social influences must be accounted for in future research and interventions to meet the STI screening needs of young adult women. Findings from this research can inform the development of targeted interventions for women who may perceive heightened stigma to STI screening.
Sexual dysfunction among adolescent and young adult cancer patients: diagnostic and therapeutic approach
Authors: Peleg Nesher Sharon , Luria Mijal , Shachar Eliya , Percik Ruth , Shoshany Ohad , Wolf Ido 
Published: May 2022

Purpose of review
We present a review for healthcare professionals, formulated by a multidisciplinary team, for screening and interventions, describing common sexual impairments encountered by adolescent and young adult cancer patients (AYACP), and suggest a comprehensive evidence-based assessment approach and interventions for treatment of sexual dysfunction (SD).

Recent findings
We discuss the various aspects of SD in AYACP, including causes, challenges and etiologies, and then go on to recommend increased awareness and guidance in healthcare workers, in order to optimize diagnosis and treatment of SD.

Summary
Although the extent of SD among AYACP is widely recognized, oncological clinicians rarely address SD in their routine practice, lacking a clear approach of interdisciplinary diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. Here, we suggest guiding clinical management to optimize treatment quality.
Potent and pan-neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern by DARPins
Authors: Chonira Vikas , Kwon Young Do , Gorman Jason , Case James Brett , Ku Zhiqiang , Simeon Rudo , Casner Ryan G. , Harris Darcy R. , Olia Adam S. , Stephens Tyler , Shapiro Lawrence , Boyd Hannah , Tsybovsky Yaroslav , Krammer Florian , Diamond Michael S. , Kwong Peter D. , An Zhiqiang , Chen Zhilei 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTWe report the engineering and selection of two synthetic proteins – FSR16m and FSR22 – for possible treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection. FSR16m and FSR22 are trimeric proteins composed of DARPin SR16m or SR22 fused with a T4 foldon and exhibit broad spectrum neutralization of SARS-Cov-2 strains. The IC50 values of FSR16m against authentic B.1.351, B.1.617.2 and BA.1.1 variants are 3.4 ng/mL, 2.2 ng/mL and 7.4 ng/mL, respectively, comparable to currently used therapeutic antibodies. Despite the use of the spike protein from a now historical wild-type virus for design, FSR16m and FSR22 both exhibit increased neutralization against newly-emerged variants of concern (39- to 296-fold) in pseudovirus assays. Cryo-EM structures revealed that these DARPins recognize a region of the receptor binding domain (RBD, residues 455-456, 486-489) overlapping a critical portion of the ACE2-binding surface. K18-hACE2 transgenic mice inoculated with a B.1.617.2 variant and receiving intranasally-administered FSR16m were protected as judged by less weight loss and 10-100-fold reductions in viral burden in the upper and lower respiratory tracts. The strong and broad neutralization potency make FSR16m and FSR22 promising candidates for prevention and treatment of infection by current and potential future strains of SARS-CoV-2.
G protein βγ subunits bind to and inhibit the function of multiple Qa- and Qb,c-SNARE isoforms
Authors: Zurawski Zack , Huynh Spencer , Kaya Ali , Hyde Karren , Hamm Heidi E. , Alford Simon 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWhile the ability of G protein βγ subunits (Gβγ) to bind to and functionally inhibit the neuronal SNARE proteins Stx1A, SNAP25, and synaptobrevin in the presence of the calcium sensor synaptotagmin I is well documented, these three SNARE proteins, which form the core SNARE complex for synchronous evoked release in neurons, are but a subset of the larger family of SNARE proteins, which participate in many other exocytic processes within the cell and in other populations of secretory cells throughout the body, from which the release of neurotransmitters, hormones, and other factors is regulated by Gi/o-coupled GPCRs. The ability of Gβγ to regulate these processes is unknown. To investigate the feasibility of this mechanism to inhibit SNARE function more broadly, we utilized a series of biochemical assays of binding and function with four Qa-SNAREs (Stx1A, Stx2, Stx3, and Stx4) and four Qb,c-SNAREs (SNAP25, SNAP23, SNAP29, and SNAP47) in tandem with the R-SNARE synaptobrevin, synaptotagmin I, and Gβγ. Gβγ was found to bind to multiple Qa-SNARE isoforms as well as SNAP23, and inhibit the lipid mixing function of these SNAREs, as well as SNAP29. Together, this data suggests a more broad role for the Gβγ-SNARE pathway in the regulation of exocytosis beyond cells that express Stx1A or SNAP25.
Resource competition predicts assembly of in vitro gut bacterial communities
Authors: Ho Po-Yi , Nguyen Taylor H. , Sanchez Juan M. , DeFelice Brian C. , Huang Kerwyn Casey 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTMembers of microbial communities interact via a plethora of mechanisms, including resource competition, cross-feeding, and pH modulation. However, the relative contributions of these mechanisms to community dynamics remain uncharacterized. Here, we develop a framework to distinguish the effects of resource competition from other interaction mechanisms by integrating data from growth measurements in spent media, synthetic community assembly, and metabolomics with consumer-resource models. When applied to human gut commensals, our framework revealed that resource competition alone could explain most pairwise interactions. The resource-competition landscape inferred from metabolomic profiles of individual species predicted assembly compositions, demonstrating that resource competition is a dominant driver of in vitro community assembly. Moreover, the identification and incorporation of interactions other than resource competition, including pH-mediated effects and cross-feeding, improved model predictions. Our work provides an experimental and modeling framework to characterize and quantify interspecies interactions in vitro that should advance mechanistically principled engineering of microbial communities.
Rooftop rainwater harvesting for sustainable water usage in residential buildings for climate resilient city building: case study of Rajshahi, Bangladesh
Authors: Nipun Muhammad Waresul Hassan , Ashik-Ur-Rahman Md , Rikta Sharmin Yousuf , Parven Afshana , Pal Indrajit 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
The effects of population growth in the developing world and climate change have increased the stress on available water resources. The majority of Rajshahi city, Bangladesh, is facilitated with groundwater withdrawal. As Bangladesh is a country of monsoon climate, reserved rainwater can be contributed as an alternative to extracted groundwater. This study aims to develop a framework for rooftop rainwater harvesting (RRWH) for domestic purposes and estimate the appropriate size of the storage tanks and their costs required to fulfill the annual drinking and cooking water demands through RRWH in Rajshahi city of Bangladesh.

Design/methodology/approach
A total of 100 single-story residential dwellings with varying rooftop areas were surveyed for the projection of RRWH potential. The relationship between the size and cost of a water tank and the rooftop areas of different houses is expressed using a general mathematical equation. Cost estimates for the proposed RRWH system for all houses have been completed, and a cost model illustrating the relationship between rooftop or catchment area and associated cost of RRWH system has been developed.

Findings
This study reveals that a maximum of 110.75 m3/year rainwater can be collected from a 100 m2 rooftop area of Rajshahi city. Moreover, this study finds that such harvesting of rainwater can reduce municipal water supply to the extent of almost 75%. Water samples collected from rooftops also revealed that if germs were removed through bacteria treatment, the collected rainwater potentially can be used for drinking and cooking purposes.

Originality/value
The novelty of this study is that it focused mainly on how significant RRWH can be to meet people’s daily required amount of water for household purpose and ascertain the cost reduction using the RWH method. This paper also is unique as it assessed the volume of the storage tank that is sufficient to distribute the necessary amount of water for drinking and cooking purpose as a sustainable alternative source in the dry season.
Hedonic housing values in a transition economy: the case of Tashkent
Authors: Ozsoy Onur , Ahunov Muzaffarjon 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to scrutinize the value of houses explained by their location in Central Asia’s largest city – Tashkent, the capital of Uzbekistan. The city was completely rebuilt after a devastating earthquake of 1961 and since the country was under the centrally planned regime, houses followed a common standard and style. This allows minimizing the error from omitting possible intrinsic characteristics in a hedonic model, while measuring the impact of location on housing values.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses unique data on housing values and characteristics harvested from classified adverts. This study deliberately focused on data between 2013 and 2016, when Uzbekistan was characterized as hesitant in economic reforms. Therefore, residential buildings constructed during the Former Soviet Union dominated all parts of the city in the analysis period. The results are based on the hedonic pricing model.

Findings
The results suggest that locational characteristics are relatively more important than intrinsic characteristics. This study finds that proximity to the city center and access to subway stations significantly increase housing values. The opposite is true for the case of proximity to a wastewater treatment plant. Surprisingly, on the contrary to the authors’ expectations access to a park has no economically significant impact on housing values. The results, therefore, call for an integrated approach for city planning.

Originality/value
The first and most important contribution of this study to the field of housing economics is that it is the first study done for Uzbekistan, the most populated Central Asian country, and it is a case study for other Central Asian countries. The second contribution of the study is that, after a long and meticulous study, the determinants of housing prices were analyzed by taking into account all possible intrinsic and extrinsic properties of houses with the similar characteristics, over a unique data set created from approximately 18,000 observations from classified pages of a major newspaper published every Thursday in Tashkent City. The final contribution of the study is that it offers new perspectives and policy recommendations to the housing market actors in Uzbekistan.
We “like” to value the brand: a mixed-method study
Authors: Thai Trung Dam-Huy , Wang Tien , Nguyen Tin Trung 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
From the perspectives of service-dominant logic and social identity theory, this study aims to assess social networking site (SNS) users’ likes as a form of social endorsement as well as its effects on like-clicking behavior, perceived brand value, customer-brand identification and purchase intention. Furthermore, the different effects of social endorsement on the perceived functional, hedonic, social and monetary brand value were investigated so as to support SNS users’ role as value cocreators.

Design/methodology/approach
An online survey was administered as a pretest of customer perceptions regarding brands that are liked on SNSs. Next, an experiment was conducted to verify the effects of social endorsement. A mixed-method approach including partial least squares (PLS) and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) was adopted for the data analysis.

Findings
The results revealed that like-clicking behavior could be contagious because SNS users exposed to others’ likes were more likely to click the like button themselves. Like-clicking behavior positively influenced the perceived functional, hedonic, social and monetary value of the liked brand. Perceived brand value strengthened customer-brand identification, thereby increasing purchase intention.

Originality/value
Like-based social endorsements were confirmed as a type of value cocreation behavior that benefits the endorsed brand by spreading brand awareness, and increasing customer acquisition and retention. An fsQCA approach was developed to measure the moderating effect of users’ propensity to click the like button on perceived brand value, thus contributing to the advancement of fsQCA.