bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral health professionals and child abuse and neglect: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Han Heuiwon , Morse Zac , Koziol-McLain Jane , Lees Amanda B 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTIntroductionChild abuse and neglect can seriously impair social development, learning, physical, and psychological health. Oral health practitioners can recognize the orofacial manifestations of maltreatment in a dental setting, provide necessary support, and refer concern to child protection agencies to prevent further harm. There is a need to understand the responsiveness of oral health practitioners to a child protection concern. This protocol outlines the systematic processes to map evidence in the field of child protection in oral health.Methods and analysisThis review will be guided by the PRISMA-ScR and the JBI guidelines. Primary and secondary studies, reviews, guidelines, and editorial articles written in English will be included in the review. A three-step search will be implemented. An initial search is conducted to finalised the search terms and eligbility criteria followed by a second search involving sensitive searches of databases (Scopus, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Dentistry & Oral Science Source, and Cochrane Library). A third search will involve grey literature searching for unpublished materials. Government and international health organization websites will be searched during the third search. Eligible studies will be screened based on the participants (oral health practitioners), the concept (child protection) and the context (dental setting) and data extracted by two reviewers. Outcomes from the data extraction chart will be synthesized through exploratory narratives.Ethics and disseminationThis study involves neither human participants nor unpublished secondary data. As such, ethics approval is not required. Findings will be disseminated through publication in a peer-reviewed journals, professional networks, and conferences.Strengths and limitations of this studyThis study will systemically identify literature from a broad range of databases and map evidence in the field of child protection in oral health.The review will take a rigorous approach adhering to the PRISMA-ScR and and the JBI guidelines.Multiple reviewers will conduct screening and data extraction independently to facilitate reliability.A limitation is that only sources in English will be reviewed.
Use of therapeutic play in nursing care for school-age children: a scoping review
Authors: da Silva Luanna Gomes , de Oliveira Célida Juliana , de Oliveira Joseph Dimas , Bandeira Paulo Felipe Ribeiro , de Matos José Hiago Feitosa , Gomes Emiliana Bezerra , de Beltrão Izabel Cristina Santiago Lemos , Martins Álissan Karine Lima 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundTherapeutic play is an important strategy in nursing care to relieve emotional discomfort of school-age children. The aim of this scoping review was to map the use of therapeutic play in nursing care for school-age children.MethodsSearches in the databases: MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, BDENF, LILACS and CAPES theses and dissertations portal. A total of 1,486 records were identified and 32 included in the review. Eligibility criteria: The literature on children aged 6 to 12 participating in therapeutic play sessions in nursing care in any place, in the form of original articles, theses and dissertations, in English, Spanish or Portuguese. There was no time limit.ResultsThe focus theme has been described since 1987 in the national and international scientific literature. There is consensus on the benefits of therapeutic play in nursing care for school-age children in various situations, especially in the hospital context, with proven efficacy in research that encourages the application of this strategy in nursing practice, but there are barriers for its implementation.ConclusionThe review identified the settings, situations, benefits, barriers and gaps regarding the use of therapeutic play in nursing care for school-age children.ImplicationsThe positive results reported in the studies can be used to enrich discussions about the use of therapeutic play in nursing practice for school-age children and encourage awareness of the importance of this strategy. The gaps identified contribute to future research.
Modifications to student quarantine policies in K–12 schools implementing multiple COVID-19 prevention strategies restores in-person education without increasing SARS-CoV-2 transmission risk, January-March 2021
Authors: Dawson Patrick , Worrell Mary Claire , Malone Sara , Fritz Stephanie A. , McLaughlin Heather P. , Montgomery Brock K. , Boyle Mary , Gomel Ashley , Hayes Samantha , Maricque Brett , Lai Albert M. , Neidich Julie A. , Tinker Sarah C. , Lee Justin S. , Tong Suxiang ,   COVID-19 Response Fieldwork and Laboratory Teams, Orscheln Rachel C. , Charney Rachel , Rebmann Terri ,   Missouri School District Data and Coordination Group, Mooney Jon , Rains Catherine , Yoon Nancy , Petit Machelle , Towns Katie , Goddard Clay , Schmidt Spring , Barrios Lisa C. , Neatherlin John C. , Salzer Johanna S. , Newland Jason G. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether modified K–12 student quarantine policies that allow some students to continue in-person education during their quarantine period increase schoolwide SARS-CoV-2 transmission risk following the increase in cases in winter 2020-2021.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study of COVID-19 cases and exposures among students and staff (n=65,621) in 103 Missouri public schools. Participants were offered free, saliva-based RT-PCR testing. An adjusted Cox regression model compared hazard rates of school-based SARS-CoV-2 infections between schools with a modified versus standard quarantine policy.ResultsFrom January–March 2021, a projected 23 (1%) school-based transmission events occurred among 1,636 school close contacts. There was no difference in the adjusted hazard rates of school-based SARS-CoV-2 infections between schools with a modified versus standard quarantine policy (hazard ratio=1.00; 95% confidence interval: 0.97–1.03).DiscussionSchool-based SARS-CoV-2 transmission was rare in 103 K–12 schools implementing multiple COVID-19 prevention strategies. Modified student quarantine policies were not associated with increased school incidence of COVID-19. Modifications to student quarantine policies may be a useful strategy for K–12 schools to safely reduce disruptions to in-person education during times of increased COVID-19 community incidence.
Structural connectivity gradient associated with a dichotomy reveals the topographic organization of the macaque insular cortex
Authors: Cao Long , Du Zongchang , Cui Yue , Zhang Yuanchao , Lu Yuheng , Zhang Baogui , Liu Yanyan , Hou Xiaoxiao , Liu Xinyi , Cheng Luqi , Li Kaixin , Yang Zhengyi , Fan Lingzhong , Jiang Tianzi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHistology studies revealed that the macaque insular cortex was characterized by the gradual organizations containing agranular, dysgranular and granular insula. However, no consensus has been reached on the elaborate subdivisions of macaque insula. Until now, no neuroimaging study to our knowledge combining connectivity-based gradients and parcellation has been performed to investigate the topographic organization of the macaque insular cortex. In this study, we used high-resolution ex vivo diffusion-weighted imaging data to explore the macaque insular cortex’s global gradient organization and subdivisions. We found a rostrocaudal organization of the dominant gradient in the macaque insula using a diffusion map embedding. Meanwhile, extracting the 25% top and bottom components from the dominant and second gradient, which explained variance over 60% in total within ten gradients, the connectivity-based parcellation method was performed to subdivide each component into two subregions confirmed by the cross-validation analysis. Furthermore, permutations tests identified that two subregions from each component showed significant differences between their connectivity fingerprints. Finally, we found that the dominant and second gradients were significantly correlated with the T1w/T2w and cortical thickness maps in the macaque insula. Taken together, the global gradients combining the subdivisions examined the topographic organization of the macaque insular cortex based on the structural connectivity, which may contribute to a better understanding of the intricate insular cortex anatomy.
Shared and distinct brain regions targeted for immediate early gene expression by ketamine and psilocybin
Authors: Davoudian Pasha A. , Shao Ling-Xiao , Kwan Alex C. 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTPsilocybin is a psychedelic with therapeutic potential. While there is growing evidence that psilocybin exerts its beneficial effects through enhancing neural plasticity, the exact brain regions involved are not completely understood. Determining the impact of psilocybin on plasticity-related gene expression throughout the brain can broaden our understanding of the neural circuits involved in psychedelic-evoked neural plasticity. In this study, whole-brain serial two-photon microscopy and light sheet microscopy were employed to map the expression of the immediate early gene, c-Fos, in male and female mice. The drug-induced c-Fos expression following psilocybin administration was compared to that of subanesthetic ketamine and saline control. Psilocybin and ketamine produced acutely comparable elevations in c-Fos expression in numerous brain regions, including anterior cingulate cortex, locus coeruleus, primary visual cortex, central and basolateral amygdala, medial and lateral habenula, and claustrum. Select regions exhibited drug-preferential differences, such as dorsal raphe and insular cortex for psilocybin and the CA1 subfield of hippocampus for ketamine. To gain insights into the contributions of receptors and cell types, the c-Fos expression maps were related to brain-widein situhybridization data. The transcript analyses showed that the endogenous levels ofGrin2aandGrin2bare predictive of whether a cortical region is sensitive to drug-evoked neural plasticity for both ketamine and psilocybin. Collectively, the systematic mapping approach produced an unbiased list of brain regions impacted by psilocybin and ketamine. The data are a resource that highlights previously underappreciated regions for future investigations. Furthermore, the robust relationships between drug-evoked c-Fos expression and endogenous transcript distributions suggest glutamatergic receptors as a potential convergent target for how psilocybin and ketamine produce their rapid-acting and long-lasting therapeutic effects.
Enteroendocrine cell lineages that differentially control feeding and gut motility
Authors: Hayashi Marito , Kaye Judith A. , Douglas Ella R. , Joshi Narendra R. , Gribble Fiona , Reimann Frank , Liberles Stephen D. 
Published: March 2022

SUMMARYEnteroendocrine cells are specialized sensory cells of the gut-brain axis that are sparsely distributed along the intestinal epithelium. The functions of enteroendocrine cells have classically been inferred by the gut hormones they release. However, individual enteroendocrine cells typically produce multiple, sometimes apparently opposing, gut hormones in combination, and some gut hormones are also produced elsewhere in the body. Here, we developed approaches involving intersectional genetics to enable selective access to enteroendocrine cells in vivo. We constructed Villin1-p2a-FlpO knock-in mice to restrict reporter expression to intestinal epithelium and through combined use of Cre and Flp alleles, effectively targeted major transcriptome-defined enteroendocrine cell lineages that produce serotonin, glucagon-like peptide 1, cholecystokinin, somatostatin, or glucose insulinotropic peptide. Chemogenetic activation of different enteroendocrine cell types variably impacted feeding behavior, nausea-associated behaviors (conditioned flavor avoidance), and gut motility. Defining the physiological roles of different enteroendocrine cell types provides an essential framework for understanding sensory biology of the intestine.
The miR-15a/16-1 and miR-15b/16-2 clusters regulate early B cell development by limiting IL-7 receptor expression
Authors: Hutter Katharina , Rülicke Thomas , Szabo Tamas G. , Andersen Lill , Villunger Andreas , Herzog Sebastian 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPleiotropic functions of miRNAs as transcriptional repressors have been reported for multiple biological processes. One prominent miRNA family is the miR-15 family, which is a well-established tumor-suppressor in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The miR-15 family consists of three bicistronic clusters, miR-15a/16-1, miR-15b/16-2 and miR-497/195, all sharing the same seed sequence suggesting that loss one cluster can be functionally compensated by the remaining miR-15 family members. Thus, a combined deletion may be necessary to reveal its physiological functionin vivo.A combined knockout of the most prominent miR-15 clusters, miR-15a/16-1 and miR-15b/16-2 in the hematopoietic system reveals a novel role of the miR-15 family in early B cell development highlighted by an increase of the pro-B cell compartment. Mechanistically, this effect is mediated by enhanced IL-7 receptor expression, which we identified as direct miR-15 target gene. Notably, elevated IL-7 receptor levels were sufficient to trigger increased activation of the STAT5 and PI3K/AKT pathways. Moreover, derepression of directly targeted cell cycle regulators such asCcne1, Chek1andWee1further facilitates G-to-S transition.Thus, by deregulating a target gene network of cell cycle and signaling mediators, loss of the miR-15 family establishes a pro-proliferative milieu manifesting in an enlarged pro-B cell pool.
CNETML: Maximum likelihood inference of phylogeny from copy number profiles of spatio-temporal samples
Authors: Lu Bingxin , Curtius Kit , Graham Trevor A. , Yang Ziheng , Barnes Chris P. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPhylogenetic trees based on copy number alterations (CNAs) for multi-region samples of a single cancer patient are helpful to understand the spatio-temporal evolution of cancers, especially in tumours driven by chromosomal instability. Due to the high cost of deep sequencing data, low-coverage data are more accessible in practice, which only allow the calling of (relative) total copy numbers due to the lower resolution. However, methods to reconstruct sample phylogenies from CNAs often use allele-specific copy numbers and those using total copy number are mostly distance matrix or maximum parsimony methods which do not handle temporal data or estimate mutation rates. In this work, we developed a new maximum likelihood method based on a novel evolutionary model of CNAs, CNETML, to infer phylogenies from spatio-temporal samples taken within a single patient. CNETML is the first program to jointly infer the tree topology, node ages, and mutation rates from total copy numbers when samples were taken at different time points. Our extensive simulations suggest CNETML performed well even on relative copy numbers with subclonal whole genome doubling events and under slight violation of model assumptions. The application of CNETML to real data from Barrett’s esophagus patients also generated consistent results with previous discoveries and novel early CNAs for further investigations.
Evaluation of the Panbio™ COVID-19 Antigen Rapid Diagnostic Test in subjects infected with Omicron using different specimens
Authors: Galliez Rafael Mello , Bomfim Larissa , Mariani Diana , de Carvalho Leitão Isabela , Pinto Castiñeiras Anna Carla , Alves Gonçalves Cassia Cristina , da Silva Bianca Ortiz , Cardoso Pedro Henrique , Arruda Monica Barcelos , Alvarez Patricia , Ota Victor Akira , Marins Rodrigues Débora Gomes , da Costa Luciana Jesus , Costa Ferreira Orlando da , Pinto Castiñeiras Terezinha Marta Pereira , Faffe Debora Souza , Tanuri Amilcar 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCommunity testing is a crucial tool for the early identification of SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission control. The emergence of the highly mutated Omicron variant (B.1.1.259) raised concerns about its primary site of replication, impacting sample collection, and its detectability by rapid antigens tests. We tested the Antigen Rapid Diagnostic Test (Ag-RDT) performance using nasal, oral, and saliva specimens for COVID-19 diagnosis in 192 symptomatic individuals, using RT-qPCR from nasopharyngeal samples as control. Variant of Concern (VOC) investigation was determined by the 4Plex SARS-CoV-2 screening kit. SARS-CoV-2 positivity rate was 66.2%, with 99% of the positive samples showing an amplification profile consistent with that of the Omicron variant. Nasal Ag-RDT showed higher sensitivity (89%) than oral (12.6%) and saliva (22.1%) Ag-RDTs. Our data showed the good performance of the Ag-RDT in a pandemic scenario dominated by the Omicron VOC. Furthermore, our data also demonstrated that nasal specimens perform better than oral and saliva ones for Omicron Ag-RDT detection.
Impact of diabetes mellitus on the stabilization and osseointegration of dental implants: a retrospective study in Greece
Authors: Katsiroumpa Aglaia , Galanis Petros , Diamantis Ioannis , Georgikopoulou Sofia , Katsoulas Theodoros , Konstantakopoulou Olympia , Katsimperi Elissavet , Konstantinou Evangelos 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionAdequate dental restoration including the use of implants is critical in healthy eating habits of diabetic patients and appropriate metabolic control.AimTo investigate the relationship between diabetes mellitus and dental implants stabilization and osseointegration.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted in a private dental clinic in Athens. Data collection referred to the period between January 2016 and August 2021. During this time period, all cases related to implant placement in diabetic patients at the clinic were recorded. In particular, 93 implants were recorded in 36 diabetic patients. During the same time period, 93 implant cases involving non-diabetics at the clinic were randomly taken from the clinic records to provide the comparison group. The implant stability quotient was measured immediately after implant placement and after four months.ResultsThe mean value of the implant stability quotient immediately after implant placement was 75.97 in non-diabetics and 76.85 in diabetics (p=0.42). The mean value of the implant stability quotient after four months was 78.92 in non-diabetics and 78.44 in diabetics (p=0.58). The mean value of the implant stability quotient in non-diabetics increased statistically significantly in the first four months from 75.97 to 78.92 (p<0.001). The mean value of the implant stability quotient in diabetics increased statistically significantly in the first four months from 76.85 to 78.44 (p=0.011). No implant loss was recorded in both diabetics and non-diabetics (p=1). According to multivariate analysis, patients who did not have bio-materials placed during implantation, patients who had not undergone previous surgical procedures and patients who had implants placed in the mandible had better implant stability.ConclusionsThe stability of the implants increased statistically significant in the first four months of implant placement. No relationship was found between diabetes mellitus and dental implants stabilization and osseointegration. However, studies with a larger sample size and longer follow-up of patients are needed to better clarify the risks and benefits of dental implants in diabetic patients.
Reversible edema following electric drilling of macaque craniotomy
Authors: Boshra Rober , Eradath Manoj , Dougherty Kacie , Wu Bichan , Morea Britney M. , Pinsk Mark , Kastner Sabine 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn-vivo electrophysiology requires direct access to brain tissue, necessitating the development and refinement of surgical procedures and techniques that promote the health and well-being of the animal subjects. Here, we report a series of findings noted on structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans in monkeys with MRI-compatible implants following small craniotomies that provide access for intracranial electrophysiology. We found distinct brain regions exhibiting hyperintensities in T2-weighted scans that were prominent underneath the sites at which craniotomies had been performed. We interpreted these hyperintensities as edema of the neural tissue and found that they were predominantly present following electric drilling, but not when manual, hand-operated drills were used. Further, the anomalies subsided within 2-3 weeks following surgery. Our report highlights the utility of MRI-compatible implants that promote clinical examination of the animal’s brain, sometimes revealing findings that may go unnoticed when incompatible implants are used. We show replicable differences in outcome when using electric vs. mechanical devices, both ubiquitous in the field. If electric drills are used, our report cautions electrophysiological recordings from tissue directly underneath the craniotomy for the first 2-3 weeks following the procedure due to putative edema.
The effect of auditory stimulation on the nonlinear dynamics of heart rate: the impact of emotional valence and arousal
Authors: Dimitriev Dmitri , Indeykina Olga , Dimitriev Aleksey 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough it is known that sound exposure evokes changes in autonomic activity, the effects of noise and music on the nonlinear behavior of heart rate fluctuations remain poorly understood and controversial. This study aims to assess the influence of sound subjective emotional valence and arousal on the nonlinear characteristics of the autonomic nervous system during passive listening.MethodsIn this study, forty-two subjects listened to four sounds: (1) white noise, (2) road traffic noise, (3) excitatory music, and (4) a lullaby. The experiment consisted of two consecutive sessions: five minutes of rest, followed by five minutes of listening. RR intervals were recorded during both sessions. The following linear and nonlinear heart rate variability indices were computed: SDNN, RMSSD, F, HF, approximate (ApEn) and sample entropy (SampEn), correlation dimension (D2), Poincare plot indices (SD1, SD2), fractal scaling exponents (alpha1, alpha2), and recurrence plot indices (Lmean, Lmax, DET, LAM, Vmax, TT, ShanEn).ResultsExcitatory music was associated with significant decrease in SDNN and RMSSD, diminished HF, and a substantial reduction in LF. Excitatory music exposure induced significant increases in DET, SD1 and SD2, but changes in DFA, SampEn, and D2 were nonsignificant. Traffic noise, white noise, and the lullaby did not cause significant changes in the measures of heart rate variability.ConclusionPresentation of music evoking strong negative emotions elicits a prominent decrease in respiratory sinus arrhythmia. Poincare plot and recurrence plot measures possess high sensitivity to high arousal and unpleasant music. Contrary to previous studies, we did not find the effects of relaxing music on heart rate variability.