bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Birdsongs recognition based on ensemble ELM with multi-strategy differential evolution
Authors: Xie Shanshan , Zhang Yan , Lv Danjv , Xu Haifeng , Liu Jiang , Yin Yue 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBirds are a kind of environmental indicator organism, which can reflect the changes in the ecological environment and biodiversity, and recognition of birdsongs can further help understand and protect birds and natural environment. Extreme learning machine (ELM) has the advantages of fast learning speed and good generalization ability, which is widely used in classification and recognition problems. Input layer weights and hidden layer thresholds are two key factors affecting ELM performance. As one of swarm intelligence optimization methods, differential evolution (DE) can be used to optimize the parameters of ELM. In order to enhance the diversity, convergence speed and global search ability of the DE population, and improve the accuracy and stability of the classification model, this paper proposes a multi-strategy differential evolution method (M-SDE) to optimize the parameters of the ELM. And the differential MFCC feature parameters, extracted from birdsongs, are applied to build classification models of M-SDE_ELM and an ensemble M-SDE_EnELM with optimized ELM for bird species recognition. In the experiments, the ELM models optimized by the swarm intelligence algorithms PSO and GOA are compared and analyzed by hypothesis tests with the M-SDE_ELM and M-SDE_EnELM. Results show that the M-SDE_ELM and M-SDE_EnELM can achieve a classification accuracy of 86.70% and 89.05% in the classification of nine species of birds respectively, and the recognition effect and stability of the M-SDE_EnELM model outperform other models.
Proteomic analysis of adipose tissue revealing differentially abundant proteins in highly efficient mid-lactating dairy cows
Authors: Ben Meir Yehoshav A. , Daddam Jayasimha R. , Kra Gitit , Kamer Hadar , Portnick Yuri , Levin Yishai , Zachut Maya 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe improvement of nutrient utilization efficiency in dairy cows represents an important task in view of the current rising demand for animal products and sustainable resource usage. In this perspective, the identification of appropriate markers to identify the most efficient animals for dairy production becomes a crucial factor. Residual feed intake (RFI), which represents the difference between predicted and actual intake, is used to define the efficiency of cows. In this study, subcutaneous adipose tissue (AT) was collected from five high efficient (HEF) and five low efficient (LEF) mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows, that represented subgroups of the 20% lowest RFI values (HEF) and highest 20% RFI values (LEF), out of a cohort of 155 cows that were examined for feed efficiency at the individual dairy barn at Volcani Institute, Israel. Adipose samples were examined for proteomic analysis by nano-LC/MS–MS and gene expression by RT-PCR. A total of 101 differential proteins (P ≤ 0.05 and fold change ± 1.5) and two protein networks related to feed efficiency were found between HEF and LEF cows. Among the enriched top canonical pathways, FAT10 signaling, EIF2 signaling, Sirtuin signaling, Acute phase response signaling, Protein ubiquitination and mTOR signaling pathways were related to feed efficiency in AT. Furthermore, abundance of transferrin (TF; FC = 78.35, P = 0.02) enriched pathways, including mTOR signaling, LXR/RXR and FXR/RXR activation was found in AT of HEF cows. Relative mRNA expression of RBM39, which is involved in energy metabolism, was decreased in AT of HEF versus LEF. The relationship found between the AT proteins and/or metabolic pathways and the feed efficiency demonstrates that AT may reflect metabolic adaptations to high efficiency, and suggests that these proteins together with their metabolic mechanisms are suitable candidates as biomarkers to identify efficient cows for dairy production.
A cross-sectional multicenter linkage study of hospital admissions and mortality due to methanol poisoning in Iranian adults during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Mahdavi Seyed Amirhosein , Zamani Nasim , McDonald Rebecca , Akhgari Maryam , Kolahi Ali-Asghar , Gheshlaghi Farzad , Ostadi Ali , Dehghan Ahmad , Moshiri Mohammad , Rahbar-Taramsari Morteza , Delirrad Mohammad , Mohtasham Neda , Afzali Saeed , Ebrahimi Sara , Ziaeefar Pardis , Khosravi Navid , Kazemifar Amir Mohammad , Ghadirzadeh Mohammadreza , Farajidana Hoorvash , Barghemadi Tahereh , Sadeghi Farangis , Hadeiy Seyed Kaveh , Hadipourzadeh Mehdi , Mesbahi Javad , Malekpour Mohammad-Reza , Arabi Mohsen , Jamshidi Farkhondeh , Dadpour Bita , Hovda Knut Erik , Hassanian-Moghaddam Hossein 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA methanol poisoning outbreak occurred in Iran during the initial months of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We aimed to evaluate the epidemiology of the outbreak in terms of hospitalizations and deaths. A cross-sectional linkage study was conducted based on the hospitalization data collected from thirteen referral toxicology centers throughout Iran as well as mortality data obtained from the Iranian Legal Medicine Organization (LMO). Patient data were extracted for all cases aged > 19 years with toxic alcohol poisoning during the study period from February until June 2020. A total of 795 patients were hospitalized due to methanol poisoning, of whom 84 died. Median [interquartile ratio; IQR] age was 32 [26, 40] years (range 19–91 years). Patients had generally ingested alcohol for recreational motives (653, 82.1%) while 3.1% (n = 25) had consumed alcohol-based hand sanitizers to prevent or cure COVID-19 infection. Age was significantly lower in survivors than in non-survivors (P < 0.001) and in patients without sequelae vs. with sequelae (P = 0.026). Twenty non-survivors presented with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score > 8, six of whom were completely alert on presentation to the emergency departments. The time from alcohol ingestion to hospital admission was not significantly different between provinces. In East Azerbaijan province, where hemodialysis was started within on average 60 min of admission, the rate of sequelae was 11.4% (compared to 19.6% average of other provinces)—equivalent to a reduction of the odds of sequelae by 2.1 times [95% CI 1.2, 3.7; p = 0.009]. Older patients were more prone to fatal outcome and sequelae, including visual disturbances. Early arrival at the hospital can facilitate timely diagnosis and treatment and may reduce long-term morbidity from methanol poisoning. Our data thus suggest the importance of raising public awareness of the risks and early symptoms of methanol intoxication.
Post-translational modifications to hemidesmosomes in human airway epithelial cells following diacetyl exposure
Authors: Kim So-Young , McGraw Matthew D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDiacetyl (DA; 2,3-butanedione) is a highly reactive alpha (α)-diketone. Inhalation exposure to DA can cause significant airway epithelial cell injury, however, the mechanisms of toxicity remain poorly understood. The purpose of these experiments was to assess for changes in abundance and distribution of hemidesmosome-associated proteins following DA exposure that contribute to DA-induced epithelial toxicity. Human bronchial epithelial cells were grown in submerged cultures and exposed to three occupationally-relevant concentrations of DA (5.7, 8.6, or 11.4 mM) for 1 h. Following DA exposure, epithelial cells were cultured for 4 days to monitor for cell viability by MTT and WST-1 assays as well as for changes in cellular distribution and relative abundance of multiple hemidesmosome-associated proteins, including keratin 5 (KRT5), plectin (PLEC), integrin alpha 6 (ITGα6) and integrin beta 4 (ITGβ4). Significant toxicity developed in airway epithelial cells exposed to DA at concentrations ≥ 8.6 mM. DA exposure resulted in post-translational modifications to hemidesmosome-associated proteins with KRT5 crosslinking and ITGβ4 cleavage. Following DA exposure at 5.7 mM, these post-translational modifications to KRT5 resolved with time. Conversely, at DA concentrations ≥ 8.6 mM, modifications to KRT5 persisted in culture with decreased total abundance and perinuclear aggregation of hemidesmosome-associated proteins. Significant post-translational modifications to hemidesmosome-associated proteins develop in airway epithelial cells exposed to DA. At DA concentrations ≥ 8.6 mM, these hemidesmosome modifications persist in culture. Future work targeting hemidesmosome-associated protein modifications may prevent the development of lung disease following DA exposure.
A proof-of-concept study to construct Bayesian network decision models for supporting the categorization of sudden unexpected infant death
Authors: Hamayasu Hideki , Miyao Masashi , Kawai Chihiro , Osamura Toshio , Yamamoto Akira , Minami Hirozo , Abiru Hitoshi , Tamaki Keiji , Kotani Hirokazu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) remains a leading cause of infant death in high-income countries. Supporting models for categorization of sudden unexpected infant death into SIDS/non-SIDS could reduce mortality. Therefore, we aimed to develop such a tool utilizing forensic data, but the reduced number of SIDS cases renders this task inherently difficult. To overcome this, we constructed Bayesian network models according to diagnoses performed by expert pathologists and created conditional probability tables in a proof-of-concept study. In the diagnostic support model, the data of 64 sudden unexpected infant death cases was employed as the training dataset, and 16 known-risk factors, including age at death and co-sleeping, were added. In the validation study, which included 8 new cases, the models reproduced experts’ diagnoses in 4 or 5 of the 6 SIDS cases. Next, to confirm the effectiveness of this approach for onset prediction, the data from 41 SIDS cases was employed. The model predicted that the risk of SIDS in 0- to 2-month-old infants exposed to passive smoking and co-sleeping is eightfold higher than that in the general infant population, which is comparable with previously published findings. The Bayesian approach could be a promising tool for constructing SIDS prevention models.
Effects of chitosan nanoparticles loaded with mesenchymal stem cell conditioned media on gene expression in Vibrio cholerae and Caco-2 cells
Authors: Saberpour Masoumeh , Najar-peeraye Shahin , Shams Saeed , Bakhshi Bita 
Published: June 2022

AbstractVibrio (V.) cholerae forms a pellicle for self-defense in the pathological conditions in the intestine, which protects it against antibiotics and adverse conditions. Targeting biofilm genes and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) is one of the new strategies to combat multidrug-resistant bacteria. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of mesenchymal stem cell conditioned media (MSC CM; 1000 µg), chitosan nanoparticles incorporated with mesenchymal stem cell conditioned media (MSC CM-CS NPs; 1000 µg + 0.05%), and chitosan nanoparticles (CS NPs; 0.05%) on the expression of bap1 and rbmC biofilm genes in V. cholerae and TLR2 and TLR4 genes in Caco-2 cells. The bacteria were inoculated in the presence or absence of MSC CM, MSC CM-CS NPs, and CS NPs for 24 h at 37 °C to evaluate the expression of biofilm genes. The Caco-2 cells were also exposed to V. cholerae for 1 h and then MSC CM, MSC CM-CS NPs, and CS NPs for 18 h at 37 °C. After these times, RNA was extracted from Caco-2 cells and bacteria exposed to the compounds, and the expression of target genes was evaluated using real-time PCR. Caco-2 cell viability was also assessed by MTT assay. After adding MSC CM, MSC CM-CS NPs, and CS NPs to V. cholerae medium, the percentage reduction in gene expression of bap1 was 96, 91, and 39%, and rbmC was 93, 92, and 32%, respectively. After adding MSC CM, MSC CM-CS NPs, and CS NPs to the Caco-2 cell medium, the percentage reduction in the gene expression of TLR4 was 89, 90, and 82%, and TLR2 was 41, 43, and 32%, respectively. MTT showed that Caco-2 cell viability was high and the compounds had little toxicity on these cells. Finally, it suggests that MSC CM-CS NPs designed may be a therapeutic agent to combat inflammation and biofilm formation in multidrug-resistant V. cholerae. However, further studies in vivo are also recommended.
Magnetic NiFe thin films composing MoS2 nanostructures for spintronic application
Authors: Yousef Vand Mahdi , Jamilpanah Loghman , Zare Mohammad , Mohseni Seyed Majid 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe demonstrate a nanostructure layer made of Ni80Fe20 (permalloy:Py) thin film conjugated MoS2 nano-flakes. Layers are made based on a single-step co-deposition of Py and MoS2 from a single solution where ionic Ni and Fe and MoS2 flakes co-exist. Synthesized thin films with MoS2 flakes show increasing coercivity and enhancement in magneto-optical Kerr effect. Ferromagnetic resonance linewidth as well as the damping parameter increaseed significantly compared to that of the Py layer due to the presence of MoS2. Raman spectroscopy and elemental mapping is used to show the quality of MoS2 within the Py thin film. Our synthesis method promises new opportunities for electrochemical production of functional spintronic-based devices.
Numerical renormalization group study of the Loschmidt echo in Kondo systems
Authors: Ślusarski Tomasz , Wrześniewski Kacper , Weymann Ireneusz 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe study the dynamical properties of the one-channel and two-channel spin-1/2 Kondo models after quenching in Hamiltonian variables. Eigen spectrum of the initial and final Hamiltonians is calculated by using the numerical renormalization group method implemented within the matrix product states formalism. We consider multiple quench protocols in the considered Kondo systems, also in the presence of external magnetic field of different intensities. The main emphasis is put on the analysis of the behavior of the Loschmidt echo L(t), which measures the ability of the system’s revival to its initial state after a quench. We show that the decay of the Loschmidt echo strongly depends on the type of quench and the ground state of the system. For the one-channel Kondo model, we show that L(t) decays as, $$L(t)\sim (t\cdot T_K)^{-1.4}$$

L

(
t
)

∼

(
t
·

T
K

)

-
1.4

, where $$T_K$$

T
K

is the Kondo temperature, while for the two-channel Kondo model, we demonstrate that the decay is slower and given by $$L(t)\sim (t\cdot T_K)^{-0.7}$$

L

(
t
)

∼

(
t
·

T
K

)

-
0.7

. In addition, we also determine the dynamical behavior of the impurity’s magnetization, which sheds light on identification of the relevant time scales in the system’s dynamics.
Micro-particle entrainment from density mismatched liquid carrier system
Authors: Shovon S. M. Naser , Alam Adeeb , Gramlich William , Khoda Bashir 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMicro-scale inorganic particles (d > 1 µm) have reduced surface area and higher density, making them negatively buoyant in most dip-coating mixtures. Their controlled delivery in hard-to-reach places through entrainment is possible but challenging due to the density mismatch between them and the liquid matrix called liquid carrier system (LCS). In this work, the particle transfer mechanism from the complex density mismatching mixture was investigated. The LCS solution was prepared and optimized using a polymer binder and an evaporating solvent. The inorganic particles were dispersed in the LCS by stirring at the just suspending speed to maintain the pseudo suspension characteristics for the heterogeneous mixture. The effect of solid loading and the binder volume fraction on solid transfer has been reported at room temperature. Two coating regimes are observed (i) heterogeneous coating where particle clusters are formed at a low capillary number and (ii) effective viscous regime, where full coverage can be observed on the substrate. ‘Zero’ particle entrainment was not observed even at a low capillary number of the mixture, which can be attributed to the presence of the binder and hydrodynamic flow of the particles due to the stirring of the mixture. The critical film thickness for particle entrainment is $${h}^{*}=0.16a$$

h

∗

=
0.16
a

for 6.5% binder and $${h}^{*}=0.26a$$

h

∗

=
0.26
a

for 10.5% binder, which are smaller than previously reported in literature. Furthermore, the transferred particle matrices closely follow the analytical expression (modified LLD) of density matching suspension which demonstrate that the density mismatch effect can be neutralized with the stirring energy. The findings of this research will help to understand this high-volume solid transfer technique and develop novel manufacturing processes.
A simple and universal measurement method for the pulsed IV characteristics of high‐power amplifiers
Authors: Fu Chao , He Tian‐Wei , Fang Wen‐Rao , Huang Wen‐Hua , Guo Le‐Tian , Wang Lu‐Lu , Li Jia‐Wei , Zhong Sheng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis letter proposes a simple and universal method to measure the current within the pulse of pulsed power amplifiers. Pulsed high‐power amplifiers have large current within the pulse and the current changes very quickly when the pulse turns on or turns off. The conventional method of using a current clamp to measure the current within the pulse needs a large current clamp, which will increase the parasitic inductance of power path and result in a large voltage overshoot that can damage the amplifier. The proposed method measures the average current under several different pulse widths; thus, the current can be concluded with these average currents. Since current clamp is avoided, the proposed method can significantly reduce the parasitic inductance and voltage overshoot. Experiment shows that the voltage overshoot is significantly reduced by the proposed method. The result of the current value calculated by the proposed method is consistent with that measured by the conventional method, and the difference is within 2%.
Investigation of using dynamic phasors for improving the speed of distance protection
Authors: Wijekoon Jagannath , Rajapakse Athula D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe application of dynamic phasors (DPs) in overhead line protection was investigated. Equations to estimate the fault loop inductance and resistance were derived using the principles of DPs. A systematic amplitude comparator‐based line distance protection scheme was developed using the equations derived to estimate the fault loop inductance and resistance. A least‐squares‐based DP extraction method that mitigates the effect of decaying dc components was used to extract the DPs and their derivatives from time‐domain signals. The performance of the algorithm was investigated using a power system simulated in PSCAD/EMTDC. Testing under different fault scenarios with different fault locations, fault resistance, and fault inception angles showed that the proposed line distance protection scheme is capable of operating successfully for forward and reverse faults, short circuits and high impedance faults, evolving fault conditions, and under a wide range of source impedance ratios. The operating time of the proposed scheme was compared with the standard quadrilateral relay, and the results showed that the operating times of the proposed scheme are faster for close‐in phase‐to‐ground faults but not significantly improved for phase‐to‐phase and three‐phase faults compared to the standard quadrilateral distance relay.
Real‐time low/high‐voltage ride‐through capability improvement of micro‐grid based on coordinated robust grid‐following control
Authors: Kordkandi Reza Deihimi , Hagh Mehrdad Tarafdar , Roozbehani Sam 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a coordinated control strategy to enhance the low/high‐voltage ride‐through (L/HVRT) capability of grid‐tied micro‐grids (MGs). The novel control scheme, which is based on grid‐following concepts, contains two layers for each power source of MG. The former, known as the primary layer, has reverse‐droop and non‐linear robust sliding mode control. Furthermore, the secondary layer detects voltage perturbations based on L/HVRT curves. Then, the reactive power required for supporting the main grid is determined through the dynamic‐voltage‐support requirement of the grid codes. Finally, coordinated reactive power‐sharing among the sources is performed based on the presented method and free capacity of the power sources. Several case studies are carried out to assess the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme, which points out that the aims of this study, such as compliance with the grid codes, sharing reactive power among the sources, tracking the reactive power precisely and feeding local loads, are achieved. The superiority of the presented strategy against its grid‐forming counterparts is demonstrated in comparison tests for the studied grid‐tied MG. Simulations are performed in an offline MATLAB/Simulink environment and then validated by experimental real‐time results.
Design of a current controller for symmetrical six‐phase fault‐tolerant PMSM under fault conditions
Authors: Feng Yixiao , Liao Yong , Ye Fan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTo achieve the fault‐tolerant operation of motor drives, many control algorithms have been proposed. Among them, it is more flexible and intuitive to find solutions to phase current at phase coordinate. Then it is necessary to track the given phase current. Up to now, several current controllers have been proposed. A hysteresis controller suffers from the drawback of the variable switching frequency. Proportional–integral control cannot track ac signals with zero error. As to the proportional resonant controller, its performance is highly dependent on the accuracy of motor speed detection. Considering this, a current controller is based on the adaptive filter. The adaptive filer is worked as the current controller by adjusting its structure, in which the motor model is extra introduced. The controller updates the tap weight in each control cycle until it outputs the optimal voltage to track the given phase current. Besides, the adaptive algorithm is improved by adding a feedforward term to gain a higher dynamic response. Moreover, to ensure the stability of the controller, the control parameter selection principles are analysed and acquired accordingly. Finally, several groups of experiments are conducted. The experiment results coincide with the analysis.
Upper Extremity Monoplegia following Prone Surrender Position for Spinal Surgery
Authors: Rahmathulla Gazanfar , Lara-Velazquez Montserrat , Pafford Ryan , Hoefnagel Amie , Rao Dinesh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background Secondary peripheral nerve injuries remain a significant perioperative problem due to patient positioning and contribute to reduced patient quality of life and exacerbated professional liability. Comorbidities and concomitant lesions can further elicit these injuries in patients undergoing spinal surgeries.

Case Presentation We report a case of a 70-year-old male polytrauma patient presenting with a left first-rib fracture and an adjacent hematoma around the brachial plexus without preoperative deficits. Subsequent to a lumbar spinal fusion in the prone position, he developed a postoperative left upper extremity monoplegia. The postoperative magnetic resonance imaging revealed an enhanced asymmetric signal in the trunks and cords of the left brachial plexus. He progressively improved with rehabilitation, a year after the initial presentation, with a residual wrist drop.

Conclusions Pan brachial plexus monoplegia, following spine surgery, is rare and under-reported pathology. To minimize the occurrence of this rare morbidity, appropriate considerations in preoperative evaluation and counseling, patient positioning, intraoperative anesthetic, and electrophysiological monitoring should be performed. We emphasize an unreported risk factor in polytrauma patients, predisposing this rare injury that is associated with prone spinal surgery positioning, SEPs being an extremely sensitive test intraoperatively and highlight the importance of counseling patients and families to the possibility of this rare occurrence.