bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dachshund acts with Abdominal‐B to trigger programmed cell death in the Drosophila central nervous system at the frontiers of Abd‐B expression
Authors: Clarembaux‐Badell Luis , Baladrón‐de‐Juan Pablo , Gabilondo Hugo , Rubio‐Ferrera Irene , Millán Irene , Estella Carlos , Valverde‐Ortega Félix S. , Cobeta Ignacio Monedero , Thor Stefan , Benito‐Sipos Jonathan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA striking feature of the nervous system pertains to the appearance of different neural cell subtypes at different axial levels. Studies in theDrosophilacentral nervous system reveal that one mechanism underlying such segmental differences pertains to the segment‐specific removal of cells by programmed cell death (PCD). One group of genes involved in segment‐specific PCD is the Hox homeotic genes. However, while segment‐specific PCD is highly precise, Hox gene expression is evident in gradients, raising the issue of how the Hox gene function is precisely gated to trigger PCD in specific segments at the outer limits of Hox expression. TheDrosophilaVa neurons are initially generated in all nerve cord segments but removed by PCD in posterior segments. Va PCD is triggered by the posteriorly expressed Hox geneAbdominal‐B(Abd‐B). However, Va PCD is highly reproducible despite exceedingly weak Abd‐B expression in the anterior frontiers of its expression. Here, we found that the transcriptional cofactor Dachshund supports Abd‐B‐mediated PCD in its anterior domain. In vivo bimolecular fluorescence complementation analysis lends support to the idea that the Dachshund/Abd‐B interplay may involve physical interactions. These findings provide an example of how combinatorial codes of transcription factors ensure precision in Hox‐mediated PCD in specific segments at the outer limits of Hox expression.
Functional and phylogenetic diversity of an agricultural matrix avifauna: The role of habitat heterogeneity in Afrotropical farmland
Authors: Rurangwa Marie Laure , Niyigaba Protais , Tobias Joseph A. , Whittaker Robert J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractVaried strategies to alleviate the loss of farmland biodiversity have been tested, yet there is still insufficient evidence supporting their effectiveness, especially when considering phylogenetic and functional diversity alongside traditional taxonomic diversity metrics. This conservation challenge is accentuated in the Afrotropics by the rapid agricultural expansion and intensification for the production of cash crops and by a comparative lack of research. In this study, we assessed how farming practices influence avian phylogenetic and functional diversity. We conducted point‐count surveys to assess avian diversity in monocultures of tea and mixed crop farming systems surrounding the Nyungwe rainforest in south‐west Rwanda, allowing us to investigate the drivers of avian diversity at farm level. Species composition was found to be moderately different between farm types, with mixed crop farms supporting higher phylogenetic diversity than tea plantations. There were no significant seasonal differences in species composition, functional or phylogenetic diversity. Overall, functional diversity did not differ between farm types, but the dispersion of trophic‐related traits was significantly higher in mixed crop farms. Both functional and phylogenetic diversity were influenced by floristic diversity, vegetation height, tree number, and elevation to varying degrees. Our results also (i) highlight the role of farmland heterogeneity (e.g., crop species composition, height, and tree cover extent) in encouraging avian functional and phylogenetic diversity in the Afrotropics and (ii) indicate that the generally negative biodiversity impacts of monoculture agriculture can be partially alleviated by extensive agroforestry with an emphasis on indigenous tree species.
Structure – Bioactivity Relationship in Cyclic Peptoids: An Overview
Authors: D'Amato Assunta 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCyclic N‐substituted glycines oligomers, also known as cyclic peptoids, constitute a promising class of novel peptidomimetics, capable of simulating bioactive effectors with enhanced proteolytical stability and cell permeability as crucial bonuses. The macrocyclic constraint, essential for the induction of stable secondary structures, determines the biomimetic potential of such molecules, which act as antimicrobials, cytotoxic agents, siderophores, glycosidases inhibitors and so on. The bioactivity can be either attributed to the macrocyclic core (especially chelation) or to the side‐chains (when endowed with specific groups or pharmacophores). The structure‐bioactivity correlations emerging for this class of peptidomimetics, based on the study of conformational order and morphology of the backbone architecture, unravel interesting avenues for the rational design of more effective cyclooligomeric biomimics.
Phenotypic but no genetic adaptation in zooplankton 24 years after an abrupt +10°C climate change
Authors: Pais-Costa Antónia Juliana , Lievens Eva J. P. , Redón Stella , Sánchez Marta I. , Jabbour-Zahab Roula , Joncour Pauline , Van Hoa Nguyen , Van Stappen Gilbert , Lenormand Thomas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe climate is currently warming fast, threatening biodiversity all over the globe. Populations often adapt rapidly to environmental change, but for climate warming very little evidence is available. Here, we investigate the pattern of adaptation to an extreme +10°C climate change in the wild, following the introduction of brine shrimp Artemia franciscana from San Francisco Bay, USA, to Vinh Chau saltern in Vietnam. We use a resurrection ecology approach, hatching diapause eggs from the ancestral population and the introduced population after 13 and 24 years (∼54 and ∼100 generations, respectively). In a series of coordinated experiments, we determined whether the introduced Artemia show increased tolerance to higher temperatures, and the extent to which genetic adaptation, developmental plasticity, transgenerational effects, and local microbiome differences contributed to this tolerance. We find that introduced brine shrimp do show increased phenotypic tolerance to warming. Yet strikingly, these changes do not have a detectable additive genetic component, are not caused by mitochondrial genetic variation, and do not seem to be caused by epigenetic marks set by adult parents exposed to warming. Further, we do not find any developmental plasticity that would help cope with warming, nor any protective effect of heat-tolerant local microbiota. The evolved thermal tolerance might therefore be entirely due to transgenerational (great)grandparental effects, possibly epigenetic marks set by parents who were exposed to high temperatures as juveniles. This study is a striking example of “missing heritability,” where a large adaptive phenotypic change is not accompanied by additive genetic effects.
Memory retrieval brain–behavior disconnection in mild traumatic brain injury: A magnetoencephalography and diffusion tensor imaging study
Authors: Hung Yuwen , Vandewouw Marlee , Emami Zahra , Bells Sonya , Rudberg Nicole , da Costa Leodante , Dunkley Benjamin T. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMild traumatic brain (mTBI) injury is often associated with long‐term cognitive and behavioral complications, including an increased risk of memory impairment. Current research challenges include a lack of cross‐modal convergence regarding the underlying neural–behavioral mechanisms of mTBI, which hinders therapeutics and outcome management for this frequently under‐treated and vulnerable population. We used multi‐modality imaging methods including magnetoencephalography (MEG) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to investigate brain–behavior impairment in mTBI related to working memory. A total of 41 participants were recruited, including 23 patients with a first‐time mTBI imaged within 3 months of injury (all male, age = 29.9, SD = 6.9), and 18 control participants (all male, age = 27.3, SD = 5.3). Whole‐brain statistics revealed spatially concomitant functional–structural disruptions in brain–behavior interactions in working memory in the mTBI group compared with the control group. These disruptions are located in the hippocampal–prefrontal region and, additionally, in the amygdala (measured by MEG neural activation and DTI measures of fractional anisotropy in relation to working memory performance; p < .05, two‐way ANCOVA, nonparametric permutations, corrected). Impaired brain–behavior connections found in the hippocampal–prefrontal and amygdala circuits indicate brain dysregulation of memory, which may leave mTBI patients vulnerable to increased environmental demands exerting memory resources, leading to related cognitive and emotional psychopathologies. The findings yield clinical implications and highlight a need for early rehabilitation after mTBI, including attention‐ and sensory‐based behavioral exercises.
Implementation of maternal and neonatal death surveillance and response in Cameroon
Authors: Ouedraogo Charlemagne M.R. , Ouedraogo Olivia M.A.A. , Conombo Kafando Sibdou Ghislaine , Roungou Jean‐Baptiste , Moluh Seidou , Emah Irene Y. , Kouanda Seni 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo analyze implementation of maternal and neonatal death surveillance and response (MNDSR) in Cameroon to determine to what extent monitoring objectives are being met and highlight the main obstacles and facilitating factors.MethodsSecondary analysis of a cross‐sectional study using a qualitative method and routine data on maternal health. Semistructured interviews were conducted with participants involved in MNDSR at the central, regional, and district levels.ResultsNotification of maternal deaths has been incorporated into the Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) system since January 2014. However, maternal deaths are underreported in most hospitals and neonatal and community deaths are not recorded. Comprehensive review of maternal deaths does not occur in all hospitals despite training of providers in 2013 on how to conduct reviews.ConclusionImplementation of MNDSR in Cameroon is insufficient. More commitment from the Ministry of Health is needed to develop an action plan and secure funding.
A qualitative study exploring parent–daughter approaches for communicating about sex and transactional sex in Central Uganda: Implications for comprehensive sexuality education interventions
Authors: Pichon Marjorie , Howard‐Merrill Lottie , Wamoyi Joyce , Buller Ana Maria , Kyegombe Nambusi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionUgandan adolescent girls and young women are disproportionately impacted by human immunodeficiency virus, and this is largely driven by their engagement in transactional sex. Globally, parent–daughter communication about sex is associated with increased contraceptive use and delayed/decreased sexual activity, but research on parent–daughter communication about transactional sex is lacking. This paper elucidates local perspectives on, and experiences of parent–daughter communication about sex and transactional sex, to inform family‐level comprehensive sexuality education interventions.MethodsWe conducted a secondary, thematic analysis of 13 focus group discussions (n = 119) and 30 in‐depth interviews collected between 2014 and 2015 with adolescent girls and young women aged 14+, and men and women in Kampala and Masaka.ResultsWe found that parents used three approaches to discuss sex and transactional sex with their daughters: (1) frightening their daughters into avoiding sex; (2) being “strict”; and (3) relying on mothers rather than fathers to “counsel” daughters. Mother–daughter communication about transactional sex was common, but frequently unidirectional. Adolescent girls and young women bringing home gifts sparked conversations about the risks of transactional sex, although less in poorer households. Mothers felt they lacked control over their daughters' sexual behaviors and thus restricted their movements and friendships to try to prevent them from having sex. In contrast to previous research, we found some evidence of mothers encouraging condom use and father–daughter communication about sex.ConclusionsFamily‐level comprehensive sexuality education interventions targeting parent–daughter communication about sex could further highlight the role that fathers might play, and emphasize communication about the inequitable power dynamics in transactional sex and condom negotiation skills, while reducing fear surrounding parent–daughter communication.
Anaphylaxis and Related Events Following COVID‐19 Vaccination: A Systematic Review
Authors: Paul Pradipta , Janjua Emmad , AlSubaie Mai , Ramadorai Vinutha , Mushannen Beshr , Vattoth Ahamed Lazim , Khan Wafa , Bshesh Khalifa , Nauman Areej , Mohammed Ibrahim , Bouhali Imane , Khalid Mohammed , Zakaria Dalia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), induced by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, is responsible for a global pandemic following widespread transmission and death. Several vaccines have been developed to counter this public health crisis using both novel and conventional methods. Following approval based on promising efficacy and safety data, the AstraZeneca, Janssen, Moderna, Pfizer/BioNTech, and Sinovac vaccines have been administered globally among different populations with various reported side effects. Reports of life‐threatening anaphylaxis following administration were of particular concern for both health care providers and the public. A systematic literature search using PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, MedRxiv, and Lens.org databases identified relevant studies reporting anaphylaxis following vaccine administration. This systematic review includes 41 studies reporting anaphylaxis. A total of 7942 cases, including 43 deaths, were reported across 14 countries. Most cases occurred following the administration of the first dose. Importantly, the benefits of vaccination outweigh the risks of anaphylaxis. Subsequently, as populations continue to get vaccinated, it is important for health care providers to be able to recognize individuals at risk of developing anaphylaxis. Furthermore, they must be familiar with both the clinical hallmarks and treatment of anaphylactic reactions to minimize long‐term sequalae and prevent death in vaccinated individuals.
Cloud macrophysical characteristics in China mainland and east coast from 2006 to 2017 using satellite active remote sensing observations
Authors: Chi Yulei , Zhao Chuanfeng , Yang Yikun , Ma Zhanshan , Yang Jie 
Published: July 2022

AbstractUsing the CloudSat and CALIPSO active remote sensing dataset from 2006 to 2017, this study investigates the spatial and temporal distribution along with vertical distribution of cloud macrophysical characteristics in six study areas over China mainland and east coast (15°–55°N, 70°–140°E). The results show that the cloud top height and cloud base height have significant regional, seasonal and zonal variations. The regional differences in the seasonal average vertical distribution of cloud cover are especially large, which are particularly reflected by the differences of heights with peak value of cloud cover, the curve characteristics of cloud cover with height, and the standard deviation of cloud cover. The cloud spacing, which is the distance between two cloud layers for cloud system with layers no less than 2, is found greater in the ocean area than in the land area and is greater in the low‐latitude area than in the high‐latitude area. Moreover, with the increase of the number of cloud layers in the cloud system, the cloud spacing decreases gradually. It is worth noting that the frequency distribution of cloud layers is the same as that of cloud spacing. By dividing clouds into eight types according to CloudSat data, the occurrence frequency of different cloud types shows great differences, ranking from high to low as high cloud > altostratus > altocumulus > stratus > stratocumulus > cumulus > nimbostratus > deep convective cloud. Altostratus mainly occurs in northern regions, and high cloud mostly occurs in Tibetan Plateau, southern China mainland and eastern ocean. The vertical distributions of cloud macrophysical characteristics over the six typical study areas have been further demonstrated by constructing Pc‐τ diagram.
Impairment of perioperative activities of daily living is associated with poor prognosis following hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Mima Kosuke , Imai Katsunori , Kaida Takayoshi , Matsumoto Takashi , Nakagawa Shigeki , Sawayama Hiroshi , Hayashi Hiromitsu , Yamashita Yo‐ichi , Baba Hideo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe number of cancer patients with impairment of activities of daily living (ADLs) has increased. This study aimed to examine associations of perioperative Barthel index score, a validated measure of ADLs, with survival outcomes following hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsWe analyzed data of 492 consecutive patients who underwent hepatectomy for HCC between 2010 and 2018. Pre‐ and postoperative ADLs were assessed using the Barthel index (range, 0–100; higher scores indicate greater independence). Preoperative Barthel index score ≤85 or postoperative Barthel index score ≤85 was defined as impairment of perioperative ADLs. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) after adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsAmong the 492 patients, 26 (5.2%) had a preoperative Barthel index score ≤85 and 95 (19%) had a postoperative Barthel index score ≤85. Impairment of perioperative ADLs was independently associated with shorter overall survival (multivariable HR: 1.75, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06–2.81, p = 0.028). The association of impairment of perioperative ADLs with recurrence‐free survival was not statistically significant.ConclusionImpairment of perioperative ADLs is associated with poor prognosis following hepatectomy for HCC. Maintenance and improvement of perioperative ADLs would be important to provide favorable long‐term outcomes in patients with HCC.
“Immediate versus delayed autologous breast reconstruction in patients undergoing post‐mastectomy radiation therapy: A paradigm shift”
Authors: Wu Young Mimi Y. , Garza Rebecca M. , Chang David W. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundWhile negative impacts of radiation on breast reconstruction have been well accepted, timing of autologous breast reconstruction in the setting of postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) is still evolving. This study aims to address the dilemma of breast reconstruction timing in patients receiving PMRT.MethodsA retrospective chart review was performed evaluating patients who underwent PMRT and autologous breast reconstruction. Postoperative complication and revision rates were compared.ResultsThirty‐six immediate (immediate breast reconstruction [IBR]) and 89 delayed reconstructions (delayed breast reconstruction [DBR]) were included with comparable patient characteristics between groups. Overall complication rates were not significantly different, or when separately assessing for surgical site infections, wound dehiscence, fat necrosis, or substantial volume loss. No free flaps were lost in either group. Revision rates were significantly lower in the IBR group (p = 0.02). DBR resulted in appreciably larger volumes of fat grafting to the therapeutically reconstructed breast (p = 0.01) and more contralateral mastopexies (p = 0.02). No significant difference was observed in fat necrosis excision, breast reduction, or need for secondary flap reconstruction or prosthetic use for volume loss.ConclusionsIBR in the setting of PMRT does not result in higher rates of complications and requires fewer overall revisions, making it a compelling option for patients undergoing PMRT.
EORTC‐QLQ‐C30 and SKINDEX‐29 measurement of health‐related quality of life in patients with mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome: Real‐world data in Spanish patients (MICADOS Study)
Authors: Navarro Matilla Belén , Onteniente Gomis Mª del Mar , Pujol Vallverdú Ramon M. , Combalia Escudero Andrea , Zapata Paz Irma , Muniesa Montserrat Cristina , González Barca Eva , Morillo Andújar Mercedes , Pérez Ferriols Amparo , Román Curto Mª Concepción , Fernández de Misa Cabrera Ricardo , Hospital Gil Mercedes , Marín Niebla Ana , Rios Rull Pablo J. , de la Cruz Vicente Fátima , Izu Belloso Rosa M. , Martín García‐Sancho Alejandro , Parera Amer M. Elisabet , Córdoba Mascuñano Raúl , Ramón Quiles María Dolores , Saus Carreres Ana , del Campo García Raquel , Machan Salma , Viguera Ester Pablo , Blanco Garnelo Julia , Soler López Begoña , Ortiz Romero Pablo L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundFew studies have explored the impact of cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (CTCL) on health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) and compared it to other patients with cancer.ObjectivesThe primary objective of the study was to assess the QoL of patients diagnosed with the mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS) types of CTCL in Spain.MethodsA cross‐sectional observational study was completed recruiting adult patients with MF and SS, exploring the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer‐Core Quality of Life Questionnaire, version 3 (EORTC‐QLQ‐C30v3) and Skindex‐29 HRQoL and itching intensity.ResultsA total of 141 patients [81 males (57.4%) and mean age of 63.6 years (95% CI: 61.4–65.7)], were included. EORTC‐QLQ‐C30 global health status showed worse scores in CTCL patients compared to healthy population (p < 0.05) and did not differ from other patients with cancer. The physical and role functioning of CTCL patients were better than other patients with cancer (p < 0.05) but worse than healthy population (p < 0.05). The social functioning was similar to other patients with cancer but worse than healthy (p < 0.05). In the global health status, better scores were observed with aging (p = 0.023) and worse scores in patients with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG)‐1 versus ECOG‐0 (p = 0.01). The Skindex‐29 global score was 28.5 (95% CI: 24.8–32.3), being worst at higher clinical stage (p < 0.05) and at higher pruritus intensity (p < 0.001) and better for older patients (p < 0.001). More itching was related to female sex (p = 0.016), younger patients (p = 0.035), higher ECOG (p < 0.05) and higher m‐SWAT scores (p = 0.006).ConclusionsThese results allow mapping HRQoL affectation in CTCL patients. Global health status in MF/SS was like other patients with cancer and worse than the age‐matched healthy population. The highest impact in Skindex‐29 and EORTC‐QLQ‐C30 was associated with young age, ECOG, pruritus and disease stage.