bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zebrafish Patient‐Derived Avatars from Digestive Cancers for Anti‐cancer Therapy Screening
Authors: Costa Bruna , Estrada Marta F. , Barroso Mariana Tavares , Fior Rita 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPatient‐derived xenografts (PDXs), also called “avatars,” are generated by the implantation of human primary tumor cells or tissues into a host animal. Given the complexity and unique characteristics of each tumor, PDXs are models of choice in cancer research and precision medicine. In this context, the zebrafish PDX model (zPDX or zAvatar) has been recognized as a promising in vivo model to directly challenge patient cells with anti‐cancer therapies in a personalized manner. The assay relies on the injection of tumor cells from patients into zebrafish embryos to then test and identify the best available drug combination for a particular patient. Compared to mouse PDXs, zAvatar assays take less time and do not require in vitro or in vivo cell expansion. The present article describes how to generate zAvatars from resected digestive cancer from surgeries and how to then use them for anti‐cancer therapy screening. We describe the steps for tumor sample collection and cryopreservation, sample preparation and fluorescent labeling for microinjection into zebrafish embryos, drug administration, and analysis of tumor behavior by single‐cell confocal imaging. We provide detailed protocols and helpful tips for performing this assay, and we address the technical challenges associated with the workflow. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Patient tumor sample collection and cryopreservationBasic Protocol 2: Generation of zAvatars and anti‐cancer treatmentBasic Protocol 3: Whole‐mount immunofluorescenceBasic Protocol 4: Confocal imaging and analysis
Long short‐term memory‐based power‐aware algorithm for prompt heterogenous activity
Authors: Ayeesha Nasreen M , Ravindran Selvi 
Published: April 2022

SummaryHuman–computer interaction plays a vital role in wireless body area networks, internet of things, and big data. Wearables are low‐power devices with minimal battery capacity. In general, wearables suffer from energy losses due to changes in the user's body posture, diffraction, reflection, and shadowing of the human body. As a result, many control packets are needed to ensure proper communication in wireless body area network. Hence, this research proposes a long short‐term memory‐based power‐aware (LSTM‐PA) algorithm to ensure burst data transmission during prompt heterogeneous activities in the presence and absence of inter‐WBAN interference. The proposed algorithm predicts the best quality time (BQT) for data transmission by activity classification and robust R2 similarity (RRS) metric. The minimum transmission power is estimated by the critical point classification technique. The activity classification accuracy is 92% in the LSTM‐PA algorithm. The energy consumption in the node is reduced by up to 46.34% compared to benchmark algorithms.
Recent developments on seismic safety evaluation of concrete dams
Authors: Zhang Chuhan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe Tsinghua Group of Earthquake Resistance on Dams has conducted seismic analysis and safety evaluation of concrete dams since the early 1980s. This paper reviews the recent developments achieved by the group, including source–media–structure simulation, dynamic experimental tests and mesoscale numerical simulation of concrete, and seismic response analysis and risk evaluation. In the end, the development trends of seismic safety evaluation are summarized, and the earthquake disaster chain of cascade dams is introduced.
Diastereoselective Functionalization of Chiral N‐Acyl‐1,3‐oxazolidines and Their Applications in the Synthesis of Bioactive Molecules
Authors: Morales‐Monarca Gerardo H. , Gnecco Dino , Terán Joel L. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract1,3‐Oxazolidines, derived from widely available enantiomerically pure 1,2‐aminoalcohols, are versatile chiral auxiliaries for several key transformations, often serving as a platform for inquiries into new and complex reactivity. This Review focuses on the chemistry of N‐acyl‐1,3‐oxazolidines in which the stereoselective transformation is carried out on the N‐acyl attached side chain of the molecule, covering reports from late 1980s to 2020 across several fields of asymmetric synthesis of bioactive molecules, and in particular of natural products.
Discussion on “A combined estimate of global temperature”
Authors: Thorne Peter W. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWhile the real‐world has warmed in one unique way, the available data, which is spatio‐temporally incomplete and contains biases of unknown nature and timing, means this quantity can only ever be estimated. Craigmile and Guttorp (2022) propose an approach that optimally combines the range of existing products to gain a refined estimate. Implicit in this or, indeed, any similar approach, are assumptions about the available estimates representing both an unbiased and representative draw from the population of potential plausible estimates that could have been created. There are well‐founded reasons to doubt that this is the case. An alternative approach, used in the IPCC report, is to employ much simpler approaches which, in particular, hedge against underestimation of the true uncertainty in the evolution of global surface temperatures, and thus serve to future‐proof current estimates against subsequent dataset innovations arising from future improvements in our understanding.
Estimation of the methanol loss in the gas hydrate prevention unit using the artificial neural networks: Investigating the effect of training algorithm on the model accuracy
Authors: Xu Haitao , Wu Xiangwei , Khandakar Amith 
Published: April 2022

AbstractArtificial neural networks (ANNs) can understand the behavior of a given system from the historical measurements of its associated variables. Adjusting the weight and bias of the ANN model using an optimization algorithm is known as the training process. The ANN reliability is directly related to the success of the training process. Therefore, this study investigates the effect of optimization algorithms on the prediction accuracy of the multilayer perceptron neural networks (MLPNNs). The complex gas hydrate prevention unit is simulated using the MLPNN model trained by 20 different optimization algorithms. This study investigates the gradient‐based, evolutionary, and Bayesian‐based optimization algorithms. Combining statistical and ranking analyses confirms that the Levenberg–Marquardt (LM) is the most efficient optimization technique for training the MLPNN model. This training algorithm adjusts the weight and bis parameters of the MLPNN so that the highest accurate predictions have been achieved. On the other hand, the trained MLPNN by imperialist competitive algorithm shows the lowest accuracy for the considered task. The trained MLPNN by the LM algorithm predicts 239 laboratory‐measured data sets about the methanol (MeOH) loss with the absolute average relative deviation of 6.4% and regression coefficient of 0.9643. Coupling the developed MLPNN and differential evolution optimization algorithm shows that temperature = 263 K and pressure = 6.92 MPa are the optimum condition for minimizing the MeOH loss in the gas hydrate prevention unit. Economic analysis confirms that the annual cost of methanol loss for the daily processing of 100 × 106 m3 of gas is ~17 million US dollars.
The physics informed neural networks for the unsteady Stokes problems
Authors: Yue Jing , Li Jian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this article, we develop the physics informed neural networks (PINNs) coupled with small sample learning for solving the transient Stokes equations. Specifically, the governing equations are encoded into the networks to construct the loss function, which involves the residual of differential equations, the initial/boundary conditions, and the residual of a handful of observations. The approximate solution was obtained by optimizing the loss function. Few sample data can rectify the network effectively and improve predictive accuracy. Moreover, the method can simultaneously solve each variable of the equations separately in a parallel framework. The information of the numerical data is compiled into the networks to enhance efficiency and accuracy in practice. Therefore, this method is a meshfree and fusion method that combined data‐driven with model‐driven. Inspired by the Galerkin method, the paper proves the convergence of the loss function and the capability of neural networks. Furthermore, numerical experiments are performed and discussed to demonstrate the performance of the method.
Analyses on the pigment composition of different seed coat colors in adzuki bean
Authors: Zhao Pu , Chu Liwei , Wang Kaili , Zhao Bo , Li Yisong , Yang Kai , Wan Ping 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSeed coat color is an important quality and domestication trait. The adzuki bean has more than a dozen seed coat colors closely associated with the anthocyanin and flavonoid metabolism pathways. In this study, we explored the pigment composition of 10 different seed coat color adzuki beans including red, black mottle on red, black mottle on gray, golden, green, black, ivory, brown, and light brown. The results showed that anthocyanins are the main pigment in adzuki bean seed coat. There were no carotenoid or pelargonidin derivatives in the seed coats of any accessions. Different colors of adzuki bean seed coat have different pigment compositions and the combination of procyanidins and anthocyanins affected seed coat color. The ivory seed coat had an extremely low proanthocyanidin and anthocyanin content. Only the green adzuki bean seed coats contained chlorophyll. Our results explain the pigment composition of the different seed coat colors and the combination of proanthocyanidins and anthocyanins affected seed coat color in adzuki bean. These results can provide a theoretical basis for the study of adzuki bean coloring mechanism.
Distinct neural signatures of schizotypy and psychopathy during visual word‐nonword recognition
Authors: Vanova Martina , Aldridge‐Waddon Luke , Norbury Ray , Jennings Ben , Puzzo Ignazio , Kumari Veena 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPrevious behavioural data indicate lower word‐nonword recognition accuracy in association with a high level of positive schizotypy, psychopathy, or motor impulsivity traits, each with some unique contribution, in the general population. This study aimed to examine the neural underpinnings of these associations using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in a volunteer sample. Twenty‐two healthy English‐speaking adults completed self‐report measures of schizotypy (Oxford‐Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences [O‐LIFE]), psychopathy (Triarchic Psychopathy Measure [TriPM]), and impulsivity (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale [BIS‐11]) and underwent whole‐brain fMRI while performing a lexical decision task (LDT) featuring high and low‐frequency words, real nonwords, and pseudohomophones. Higher positive schizotypy (Unusual Experiences) was associated with lower cerebellum activity during identification of low‐frequency words (over real nonwords). Higher Boldness (fearless dominance) and Meanness (callous aggression) facets of psychopathy were associated with lower striatal and posterior cingulate activity when identifying nonwords over words. Higher Motor Impulsivity was associated with lower activity in the fusiform (bilaterally), inferior frontal (right‐sided), and temporal gyri (bilaterally) across all stimuli‐types over resting baseline. Positive schizotypy, psychopathy, and impulsivity traits influence word‐nonword recognition through distinct neurocognitive mechanisms. Positive schizotypy and psychopathy appear to influence LDT performance through brain areas that play only a supportive (cerebellum) or indirect role in reading‐related skills. The negative association between Motor Impulsivity and activations typically found for phonological processing and automatic word identification indicates a reduced bilateral integration of the meaning and sound of mental word representations, and inability to select the appropriate outputs, in impulsive individuals.
Effect of high‐flow nasal oxygen on postoperative oxygenation in obese patients: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Rosén Jacob , Frykholm Peter , Fors Diddi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackground and AimPostoperative hypoxemia is common after general anesthesia in obese patients. We investigated if early application of high‐flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) improved postoperative oxygenation in obese patients compared with standard oxygen therapy following general anesthesia for laparoscopic bariatric surgery.MethodsThis was an open labeled randomized controlled trial conducted at a university hospital in Sweden between October 23, 2018 and February 11, 2020. The study was performed as a substudy within a previously published trial. After ethics committee approval and written informed consent, 40 obese patients (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 35 kg m−2) scheduled for laparoscopic bariatric surgery were randomized to receive oxygen using a standard low‐flow nasal cannula (NC group) or HFNO at 40 L min−1 (HF group) immediately upon arrival to the post‐anesthesia care unit. Flow rate (NC group) or FiO2 (HF group) was titrated to reach an initial SpO2 of 95%–98% after which settings were left unchanged. The primary outcome was PaO2 at 60 min following postoperative baseline values. Secondary outcomes included PaCO2, SpO2, hemodynamic variables, and patient self‐assessed discomfort.ResultsThirty‐four patients were available for analysis. PaO2 was similar between groups at postoperative baseline. After 60 min, PaO2 had increased to 12.6 ± 2.8 kPa in the NC group (n = 15) and 14.0 ± 2.7 kPa in the HF group (n = 19); (mean difference 1.4 kPa, 95% confidence interval −0.6 to 3.3; p = 0.16). There were no differences in PaCO2, hemodynamic variables, or self‐assessed discomfort between groups after 60 min.ConclusionIn obese patients, HFNO did not improve postoperative short‐term oxygenation compared with standard low‐flow oxygen following general anesthesia for laparoscopic bariatric surgery.
Numerical simulation of the effect of electrode insertion depth on melting process of self‐supporting lining electric furnace
Authors: Wang Zhanhui , Su Fuyong , Kang Zhen , Zhu Haojun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis research is on the melting process of slag in non‐inner lining furnaces. In this electric furnace, slag is solidified into the lining of the inner wall during the melting process by means of water cooling of the outer wall. It is a self‐supporting lining electric furnace. In this study, the slag melting process was simulated using ANSYS software, and the electromagnetic field, temperature field, and furnace lining thickness of the self‐supporting lining were analyzed at different electrode insertion depths. The results show that the self‐supporting lining can be formed under the three insertion depth of the electrodes, and the thickness of the lining increases with the insertion depth of the electrode.
Timing of intra‐fetal laser therapy for twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence: Retrospective series and systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Vitucci Annachiara , Fratelli Nicola , Fichera Anna , Sartori Enrico , Prefumo Federico 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the neonatal survival rate after intra‐fetal laser (IFL) treatment for twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence, and to investigate the effect of gestational age at the time of procedure.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of TRAP sequences followed at our institution from 2013–2020. Systematic review and meta‐analysis of the neonatal survival rate after IFL was conducted. Both diamniotic and monoamniotic monochorionic pregnancies were included. A subgroup analysis to compare outcomes according to gestational age at procedure (<16+0 weeks or ≥16+0 weeks) was planned.ResultsThirteen pregnancies were followed at our center and seven were treated with IFL: the survival rate was 57%. Ten studies published between 2008 and 2020 for a total of 156 cases were included in the meta‐analysis. The overall neonatal survival after IFL was 79% (95% CI 0.72–0.86, I2 22%). A random‐effects model comparing neonatal survival for IFL performed <16+0 weeks versus ≥16+0 weeks showed no significant difference between the two groups (OR = 0.93; 95% CI 0.37–2.33).ConclusionIFL is a safe and minimally invasive technique for the treatment of TRAP sequence, with a survival rate of 79%. Gestational age at treatment (before or after 16 weeks) does not seem to affect neonatal survival rate.
VGLL3 increases the dependency of cancer cells on de novo nucleotide synthesis through GART expression
Authors: Kawamura Tomohiro , Takehora Yuki , Hori Naoto , Takakura Yuki , Yamaguchi Naoto , Takano Hiroyuki , Yamaguchi Noritaka 
Published: April 2022

AbstractVestigial‐like family member 3 (VGLL3) is a member of the VGLL family that serves as cofactors for TEA‐domain transcription factors. Although VGLL3 is involved in the proliferation of cancer cells, the molecular mechanisms underlying VGLL3‐mediated cell proliferation remain largely unknown. In this study, we found that stable expression of VGLL3 in human lung cancer A549 cells affects glutamine metabolism and increases their dependency on de novo nucleotide synthesis for proliferation. Mechanistically, VGLL3 was found to induce the expression ofGART, which encodes a trifunctional enzyme that catalyzes de novo purine synthesis from glutamine.GARTknockdown and the glycinamide ribonucleotide synthase, aminoimidazole ribonucleotide synthase, and glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase trifunctional protein (GART) inhibitor lometrexol repressed the proliferation and survival of A549 cells stably expressing VGLL3. Mesenchymal breast cancer BT549 cells and MDA‐MB‐231 cells showed high expression ofVGLL3, andVGLL3knockdown was found to reduce GART expression. Lometrexol also repressed the proliferation of these breast cancer cells, whereas addition of inosine monophosphate, an important metabolite downstream of GART, rescued this repression. Taken together, these results suggest that VGLL3 induces GART expression and thereby confers de novo nucleotide‐dependent cell proliferation in cancer cells.
Identification of potential pathogenic genes for severe aplastic anemia by whole‐exome sequencing
Authors: Zhang Yang , Zhang Yu , Ge Hongyu , Li Nianbin , Liu Chunyan , Wang Ting , Fu Rong , Shao Zonghong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundSevere aplastic anemia (SAA) is a syndrome of severe bone marrow failure due to hyperfunction of CD8+ T cells. While, the genetic background of SAA is still unknown. In this study, we tried to explore the possible genetic variants in CD8+ T cells of SAA patients.MethodsWe performed whole‐exome sequencing (WES) in CD8+ T cells of 4 SAA patients and 7 normal controls. The mutations that existed in SAA but not in NCs were identified as candidate genes. Then, we compared them with genes in the enriched KEGG pathway of differently expressed genes (DEGs) from previous RNA‐seq. After analyzing the types of mutations, we identified possible pathogenic genes and validated them by RT‐PCR. Finally, we compared them with the autoimmune disease‐related genes in DisGeNET database to select the most possible pathogenic genes.ResultsWe found 95 candidate mutant genes in which, 4 possible pathogenic genes were identified: PRSS1, KCNJ18, PRSS2, and DGKK. RT‐PCR results showed that compared with NCs, PRSS1 and KCNJ18 mRNA expression was significantly increased in SAA patients (p < 0.05), PRSS2 was also increased in SAA patients but without statistical difference, and DGKK gene could not be detected by RT‐PCR in SAA patients. In addition, PRSS1 was associated with autoimmune diseases from the DisGeNET database.ConclusionThe mutations of PRSS1, KCNJ18, PRSS2, and DGKK, especially PRSS1 in CD8+T cells, may be involved in the immune pathogenesis of SAA.
The Trier Treatment Navigator (TTN) in action: Clinical case study on data‐informed psychological therapy
Authors: Schaffrath Jana , Weinmann‐Lutz Birgit , Lutz Wolfgang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough psychotherapy has shown to be effective for most patients, about one‐third of patients do not benefit or deteriorate during treatment. Technical progress has allowed the integration of routine outcome monitoring (ROM) into treatment, helping therapists detect patients at risk for a nonresponse or poor outcome early on. Psychological therapy can be enhanced by providing therapists with individual treatment recommendations for these at‐risk patients. One example of such a comprehensive feedback system is the Trier Treatment Navigator (TTN).Objective/MethodThis clinical case study aims to illustrate the implementation of the TTN in a cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) outpatient clinic in the treatment of a 30‐year‐old patient called Ms. Daun, who has a recurrent depressive disorder. Based on this case, the benefits of applying information from ROM in psychotherapy, important context factors, and possible implementation issues are discussed.Results/ConclusionWe conclude by encouraging practitioners to integrate ROM into their clinical thinking and daily practice.
SARS‐CoV‐2 specific antibody responses in healthcare workers after a third booster dose of CoronaVac or BNT162b2 vaccine
Authors: Yavuz Erdinç , Günal Özgür , Başbulut Eşe , Şen Ahmet 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe first SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination campaign in Turkey has started in mid‐January for the healthcare workers (HCWs) with the inactive virus vaccine CoronaVac (Sinovac). After four and a half months, the Turkish Ministry of Health rolled out a booster‐dose vaccination campaign for HCWs and all people over 50 years old beginning in July 2021. The individuals eligible were given the choice of either CoronaVac or mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 for the third booster‐dose vaccination. This study aimed to evaluate SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG antibody titers against the S1 subunit of the spike protein as a marker of the humoral response in 179 HCWs who received a third booster dose of either CoronaVac or BNT162b2. A total of 136 HCWs, 71 female (52.2%) and 65 male (47.8%), completed both serum collections on Days 0 and 28. The median SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG S Protein (SP) titer in all participants before the vaccination was 175.7 AU/ml. Of 136 HCWs, 103 (75.73%) chose BNT162b2 vaccine and 33 (24.26%) chose CoronaVac as the third booster dose. There was a significant difference between the BNT162b2 group and the CoronaVac group in terms of SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG SP titers (p < 0.001). The median SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG SP titers in BNT162b2 group (n = 103) and in CoronaVac group (n = 33) were 17619.3 AU/ml and 1153.0 AU/ml, respectively. The third booster dose with BNT162b2 and CoronaVac increased antibody titers in each participant a mean of 162‐fold and 9‐fold, respectively. HCWs in the BNT162b2 group reported more frequent adverse events than HCWs in the CoronaVac group (p < 0.001).