bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low-temperature optical constants of amorphous silicate dust analogues
Authors: Demyk K. , Gromov V. , Meny C. , Ysard N. , Paradis D. , Jones A. P. , Petitprez D. , Hubert P. , Leroux H. , Nayral C. , Delpech F. 
Published: September 2022

Context. Cosmic dust models are key ingredients in advancing our understanding of astronomical environments as diverse as interstellar clouds in galaxies, circumstellar envelopes around evolved and young stars, and protoplanetary disks. Such models consist of several dust populations, each with different compositions and size distributions. They may also consider different grain shapes, although most models assume spherical grains. All include a component of silicate dust. The absorption and emission properties of these dust components are calculated from the optical constants of each dust material which have various experimental, phenomenological, and theoretical origins depending on the model.
Aims. We aim to provide the community with new sets of optical constants for amorphous silicate dust analogues at low temperatures. The analogues consist of four Mg-rich silicate samples of stoichiometry ranging from enstatite to olivine, and of eight samples of Mg- and Fe-rich silicates with a pyroxene stoichiometry and differing magnesium and iron content.
Methods. We calculated the optical constants from transmission measurements using the Kramers-Kronig relations, assuming that the grains are small compared to the wavelength and prolate in shape with axis ratios of 1.5 and 2 for the Mg- and Fe-rich samples, respectively.
Results. New optical constants for silicate dust analogues of various compositions were calculated over the wavelength range from 5 to 800 µm or 1000 µm, depending on the sample, and at temperatures of 10, 30, 100, 200, and 300 K. We determined the uncertainties on the derived optical constants based on the assumptions used to calculate them. To facilitate the use of these data in cosmic dust models, we provide optical constants extrapolated outside the measured spectral range into the ultraviolet(UV)/visual(VIS)/near-infrared(NIR) and millimetre and centimetre wavelength ranges, as well as formulae that can be used to interpolate the optical constants at any temperature in the range 10–300 K.
Nucleosynthetic yields of intermediate-mass primordial to extremely metal-poor stars
Authors: Gil-Pons P. , Doherty C. L. , Campbell S. W. , Gutiérrez J. 
Published: September 2022

Context.Stellar models and nucleosynthetic yields of primordial to extremely metal-poor (EMP) stars are crucial to interpret the surface abundances of the most metal-poor stars observed and, ultimately, to better understand the earliest stellar populations. In addition, they are key ingredients of Galactic chemical evolution models.Aims.We aim to better characterise the evolution and fates, and determine updated nucleosynthetic yields of intermediate-mass stars between primordial and EMP metallicity (Z = 10−10, 10−8, 10−7, 10−6, and 10−5). We also probed uncertainties in the nucleosynthesis of the oldest intermediate-mass stars, namely those related to the treatment of convection and convective boundaries and those related to wind prescriptions during the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) phase.Methods.We analyse the evolution of models from their main sequence, through the thermally pulsing AGB (TP-AGB), to the latest stages of their evolution, using the Monash-Mount Stromlo stellar evolution codeMONSTAR. The results were post-processed with the codeMONSOON, which allowed for the determination of the nucleosynthetic yields of 77 species up to62Ni. By comparing them to similar calculations existing in the literature, we inspected the effects of input physics on the nucleosynthesis of EMP models.Results.From the evolutionary point of view, as reported in former works, we identified proton ingestion episodes (PIEs) in our lowest-mass lowest-metallicity models. Models ofZ = 10−10andZ = 10−8in a narrow initial mass range around 5M⊙experience the cessation of thermal pulses, and their final fates as type-I1/2 supernovae cannot be discarded. However, the initial mass range of models eventually leading to the formation of type-I1/2 and electron-capture supernovae is considerably reduced compared to former works. All the models of initial mass ≳6–7M⊙experience a corrosive second dredge-up and, analogously to those experiencing PIEs, undergo significant metal enrichment in their envelopes. The associated increase in their opacities allows them to develop a solar-like TP-AGB or TP-super-AGB, ultimately becoming white dwarfs. Except for those undergoing the cessation of thermal pulses, all of our models show the nucleosynthetic signatures of both efficient third dredge-up and hot-bottom burning, with the activation of the NeNa cycle and the MgAlSi chains. This leads to the creation of vast amounts of CNO, with typical [N/Fe] > 4), and the characteristic abundance signature [N/Fe] > [C/Fe] > [O/Fe]. Our nucleosynthetic yields present dramatic differences with respect to recent results existing in the literature for intermediate-mass models of similar metallicities. The reason for these discrepancies lay in the poorly known input physics related to stellar winds and, above all, the treatment of convection and convective boundaries.
Schistosoma mansoni phosphoglycerate mutase: a glycolytic ectoenzyme with thrombolytic potential
Authors: Pirovich David B. , Da’dara Akram A. , Skelly Patrick J. 
Published: September 2022

Schistosomiasis is a debilitating parasitic disease caused by intravascular flatworms called schistosomes (blood flukes) that affects >200 million people worldwide. Proteomic analysis has revealed the surprising presence of classical glycolytic enzymes – typically cytosolic proteins – located on the extracellular surface of the parasite tegument (skin). Immunolocalization experiments show that phosphoglycerate mutase (PGM) is widely expressed in parasite tissues and is highly expressed in the tegument. We demonstrate that live Schistosoma mansoni parasites express enzymatically active PGM on their tegumental surface. Suppression of PGM using RNA interference (RNAi) diminishes S. mansoni PGM (SmPGM) gene expression, protein levels, and surface enzyme activity. Sequence comparisons place SmPGM in the cofactor (2,3-bisphosphoglycerate)-dependent PGM (dPGM) family. We have produced recombinant SmPGM (rSmPGM) in an enzymatically active form in Escherichia coli. The Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) of rSmPGM for its glycolytic substrate (3-phosphoglycerate) is 0.85 mM ± 0.02. rSmPGM activity is inhibited by the dPGM-specific inhibitor vanadate. Here, we show that rSmPGM not only binds to plasminogen but also promotes its conversion to an active form (plasmin) in vitro. This supports the hypothesis that host-interactive tegumental proteins (such as SmPGM), by enhancing plasmin formation, may help degrade blood clots around the worms in the vascular microenvironment and thus promote parasite survival in vivo.
An Efficient One-Pot Synthesis of 1-Aminophosphonates
Authors: Kaboudin Babak , Faghih Samaneh , Alavi Sajedeh , Naimi-Jamal Mohammad Reza , Fattahi Alireza 
Published: September 2022

Abstract1-Aminophosphonates are valuable compounds with wide range of applications in biological and industry. Various reaction conditions and catalysts have been reported for the synthesis of 1-aminophosphonates via three-component (dialkyl phosphite + aldehyde + amine) or two-component reaction (dialkyl phosphite + imine). Here a solvent-free synthesis of 1-aminophosphonates under very mild reaction conditions is reported. The three-component condensation reactions of dialkyl phosphite, carbonyl compound, and an amine gave 1-aminophosphonates in good to excellent yields under solvent- and catalyst-free conditions at ambient temperature. Hydrophosphorylation of imines in the presence of dialkyl phosphite under the same conditions gave also 1-aminophosphonates in good to excellent yields. These results showed that the reaction needs no catalyst or solvent for activation. It seems a tautomeric form of dialkyl phosphite (as one of the components) catalyzed the reaction. The reaction yield decreased using any solvent. In addition, a novel method is reported for the synthesis of N-deprotected 1-aminophosphonates (analogues of 1-amino acids) from N-PMP 1-aminophosphonate in the presence of TCCA. To understand the activity of the dialkyl phosphite under solvent-free conditions, the DFT calculations have provided insight into the basis of this activity.
The Efficacy of Curcumin Patch as an Adjuvant Therapeutic Agent in Managing Acute Orofacial Pain on the Post-Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate Surgery Patients: A Pragmatic Trial
Authors: Maulina Tantry , Purnomo Yohanes Yoppy , Tasman Salshabia Gabrielle Raissa , Sjamsudin Endang , Amaliya Amaliya 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective Acute pain is one of the most common pains experienced by post-cleft lip or cleft surgery patients regardless of the administration of analgesic agents. This current study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a curcumin patch as an adjuvant analgesic agent on the post-cleft lip and cleft palate surgery patients.
Materials and Methods Fifty-five (33 male; 22 female) participants aged 36 months or less are recruited in this pragmatic trial and randomly assigned to a control group, where no curcumin patch was applied; or the experimental group, where the participants wore a curcumin patch with a dosage of 100 mg. All participants (regardless of the group) received a standardized postsurgery analgesic agent immediately after the surgery was completed. A face, leg, activity, cry, and consolability (FLACC) scale was used to evaluate pain levels for three subsequent time points.
Statistical Analysis All data were then analyzed by using the Mann–Whitney U test to compare the mean differences between the two groups.
Results The results of the current study revealed that there was no significant difference found between the control and the experimental group when mean pain scores were compared for the first evaluation time. Yet, there was a significant difference (p < 0.01) between the two groups' mean pain scores on the second evaluation time.
Conclusion Curcumin patch was found to be effective when used as an adjuvant analgesic agent to reduce acute-orofacial postsurgery pain in cleft lip and cleft surgery patients.
Continuous versus Bolus Gastric Tube Feeding in Very Low Birth Weight Infants Supported with Noninvasive Respiratory Support: A Randomized, Pilot Study
Authors: Borenstein-Levin Liron , Riskin Arieh , Hochwald Ori , Timstut Fanny , Sendler Sofia , Shoris Irit , Littner Yoav , Dinur Gil , Kugelman Amir 
Published: September 2022

Objectives This study aimed to compare time to full feeding (TFF) between continuous gastric feeding (CGF) and bolus feeding (BF) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants supported with noninvasive ventilation (NIV) and to evaluate feasibility and identify methodological pitfalls for future large-scale studies.
Study Design This study is a randomized controlled, prospective, pilot study. VLBW premature infants, supported with NIV, were randomized while still on trophic feeding <20 mL/kg/day to receive feeding over 2 hours of CGF or over 15- to 30-minute BF. The primary outcome was TFF. Analysis was done by intention to treat.
Results Overall, 32 infants were included in this analysis, 17 in the CGF group and 15 in the BF group. Infants in the CGF group were significantly younger than the BF group (mean ± standard deviation [SD] gestational age [GA] 26.9 ± 1.2 vs. 28.9 ± 1.5 weeks, respectively). TFF was comparable with median (interquartile range [IQR]) for the two groups, 10.0 (10.0, 19.0) days in the BF group versus 12.0 (9.0, 13.0) days in the CGF group (p = 0.59). Feeding length was not found to significantly affect TFF in multivariate analysis correcting for GA. Groups were comparable in weight gain, gastrointestinal complications, length of NIV, bronchopulmonary dysplasia incidence, and age at discharge. Most infants from both groups (60% of BF and 70% of CGF) required changes in feeding length.
Conclusion In this pilot study, among VLBW infants supported with NIV, TFF was comparable between the BF and CGF groups. These results should be interpreted with caution due to the small sample size and despite the multivariate analysis correcting for the different GA. Interestingly, most infants required changes in feeding length regardless of their allocation. This feasibility study emphasizes the need for careful attention to randomization and strict feeding protocols including criteria for switching allocation in future large-scale studies aimed at determining the preferred feeding length during NIV in VLBW infants.
Key Points
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Adolescence
Authors: Joham Anju E. , Peña Alexia S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common, complex, and chronic condition that presents many diagnostic and management challenges for managing clinicians. PCOS diagnosis in adolescents presents a particular challenge for treating clinicians due to the overlap of diagnostic features with normal physiological changes during adolescence. Adolescent diagnostic criteria include well-defined menstrual irregularity according to time postmenarche and hyperandrogenism, but does not require the use of pelvic ultrasound. Adolescents with only one criterion should be considered at risk of PCOS and be followed up around transition to adult care. While PCOS was traditionally considered to be a reproductive disorder, PCOS is now recognized to have major metabolic and cardiovascular health consequences and psychological sequelae that can be present from adolescence. Management of PCOS includes healthy lifestyle, metformin, combined oral contraceptive pill, and/or antiandrogens according to symptoms of concern even in adolescents at risk of PCOS.
Probing intra- and inter-molecular interactions through rotational spectroscopy: The case of the odorant 2′-aminoacetophenone and its 1:1 water and neon complexes
Authors: Salvitti G. , Blanco S. , Lòpez J. C. , Melandri S. , Evangelisti L. , Maris A. 
Published: September 2022

The chirped-pulse Fourier transform microwave spectrum of 2′-aminoacetophenone, an aromatic chemical species with odorant properties, has been recorded in the 2–8 GHz frequency range and analyzed, obtaining precise information on the structure of the monomer and its neon and water complexes. The conformation of the monomer is determined by the formation of a resonance-assisted hydrogen bond (RAHB) between the carbonyl and amino groups, which leads to the formation of a bicyclic-like aromatic structure. Accordingly, the cycle formed by the non-covalent bond is preferred to the phenyl ring as the interaction site for neon. In the 1:1 complex, water lies in the molecular plane and forms a strong hydrogen bond with the carbonyl group coupled to an ancillary interaction with the methyl group, leaving the intramolecular RAHB unchanged. The experimental findings are supported by atoms in molecules and symmetry-adapted perturbation theory, which allowed for determining the hydrogen bond and intermolecular interaction energies, respectively.
Uptake of Team Care Arrangements for adults newly diagnosed with cancer
Authors: Perez-Concha Oscar , Goldstein David , Harris Mark F. , Laaksonen Maarit A. , Hanly Mark , Suchy Sue , Vajdic Claire M. 
Published: September 2022

Background Medicare-subsidised Team Care Arrangements (TCAs) support Australian general practitioners to implement shared care between collaborating health professionals for patients with chronic medical conditions and complex needs. We assessed the prevalence of TCAs, factors associated with TCA uptake and visits to TCA-subsidised allied health practitioners, for adults newly diagnosed with cancer in New South Wales, Australia. Methods We carried out a retrospective individual patient data linkage study with 13 951 45 and Up Study participants diagnosed with incident cancer during 2006–16. We used a proportional hazards model to estimate the factors associated with receipt of a TCA after cancer diagnosis. Results In total, 6630 patients had a TCA plan initiated (47.5%). A TCA was more likely for patients aged ≥65 years, those with higher service utilisation 4–15 months prior to cancer diagnosis, a higher number of comorbidities, lower self-rated overall health status, living in areas of greater socio-economic disadvantage, lower educational attainment and those with no private health insurance. A total of 4084 (61.6%) patients with a TCA had at least one TCA-subsidised allied health visit within 24 months of the TCA. Conclusions TCAs appear to be well targeted at cancer patients with chronic health conditions and lower socioeconomic status. Nevertheless, not all patients with a TCA subsequently attended a TCA-subsidised allied healthcare professional. This suggests either a misunderstanding of the plan, the receipt of allied health via other public schemes, a low prioritisation of the plan compared to other health care, or suboptimal availability of these services.
Spatiotemporal kinetics of the SRP pathway in live
E. coli
cells
Authors: Volkov Ivan L. , Lundin Erik , Kipper Kalle , Metelev Mikhail , Zikrin Spartak , Johansson Magnus 
Published: September 2022

Mechanistic details of the signal recognition particle (SRP)-mediated insertion of membrane proteins have been described from decades of in vitro biochemical studies. However, the dynamics of the pathway inside the living cell remain obscure. By combining in vivo single-molecule tracking with numerical modeling and simulated microscopy, we have constructed a quantitative reaction–diffusion model of the SRP cycle. Our results suggest that the SRP–ribosome complex finds its target, the membrane-bound translocon, through a combination of three-dimensional (3D) and 2D diffusional search, together taking on average 750 ms. During this time, the nascent peptide is expected to be elongated only 12 or 13 amino acids, which explains why, in
Escherichia coli
, no translation arrest is needed to prevent incorrect folding of the polypeptide in the cytosol. We also found that a remarkably high proportion (75%) of SRP bindings to ribosomes occur in the cytosol, suggesting that the majority of target ribosomes bind SRP before reaching the membrane. In combination with the average SRP cycling time, 2.2 s, this result further shows that the SRP pathway is capable of targeting all substrate ribosomes to translocons.
The ambiguity withpa-nominalization in Lhasa Tibetan
Authors: Cheng Jie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA tensed clause that undergoes nominalization marked withpa(pa-phrase) in Lhasa Tibetan can give either an event reading or a participant reading. A syntactic analysis of thepa-phrase is conducted by proposing the Differential Nominalizer Hypothesis (DNH). Specifically,paselects an AspP as its complement and projects an NP;paenters the derivation either as a grammatical item that shifts an AspP to an NP or as a lexical item that binds an empty category in thethemeposition within the AspP. This categorial difference ofpaand the consequent derivational difference of thepa-phrase provide a plausible account of the semantic ambiguity ofpa-nominalization. The idea that the nominalizerpahas a double category is supported with an assumption of grammaticalization, as is evidenced by the functional multiplicity ofpain Lhasa Tibetan: it is a productive grammatical marker but still bears lexical content of a lexical formative. The assumption of grammaticalization lends support to the DNH.
Exploring interindividual differences in fasting and postprandial insulin sensitivity adaptations in response to sprint interval exercise training
Authors: Metcalfe Richard S. , Gurd Brendon J. , Vollaard Niels B. J. 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTPrevious studies have concluded that wide variance in changes in insulin sensitivity markers following exercise training demonstrates heterogeneity in individual trainability. However, these studies frequently don't account for technical, biological, and random within‐subject measurement error. We used the standard deviation of individual responses (SDIR) to determine whether interindividual variability in trainability exists for fasting and postprandial insulin sensitivity outcomes following low‐volume sprint interval training (SIT). We pooled data from 63 untrained participants who completed 6 weeks of SIT (n = 49; VO2max: 35 (7) mL⋅kg−1⋅min−1) or acted as no‐intervention controls (n = 14; VO2max: 34 (6) mL⋅kg−1⋅min−1). Fasting and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)‐derived measures of insulin sensitivity were measured pre‐ and post‐intervention. SDIR values were positive and exceeded a small effect size threshold for changes in fasting glucose (SDIR = 0.27 [95%CI 0.07,0.38] mmol⋅L−1), 2‐h OGTT glucose (SDIR = 0.89 [0.22,1.23] mmol⋅L−1), glucose area‐under‐the‐curve (SDIR = 66.4 [−81.5,124.3] mmol⋅L−1⋅120min−1) and The Cederholm Index (SDIR = 7.2 [−16.0,19.0] mg⋅l2⋅mmol−1⋅mU−1⋅min−1), suggesting meaningful individual responses to SIT, whilst SDIR values were negative for fasting insulin, fasting insulin resistance and insulin AUC. For all variables, the 95% CIs were wide and/or crossed zero, highlighting uncertainty about the existence of true interindividual differences in exercise trainability. Only 2–22% of participants could be classified as responders or non‐responders with more than 95% certainty. Our findings demonstrate it cannot be assumed that variation in changes in insulin sensitivity following SIT is attributable to inherent differences in trainability, and reiterate the importance of accounting for technical, biological, and random error when examining heterogeneity in health‐related training adaptations.
Current transport dynamics and stability characteristics of the NiO
x
based gate structure for normally-off GaN HEMTs
Authors: Du Yonghao , Xu Weizong , Gong Hehe , Ye Jiandong , Zhou Feng , Ren Fangfang , Zhou Dong , Chen Dunjun , Zhang Rong , Zheng Youdou , Lu Hai 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The application of p-type oxide typified with NiO
x
as cap layer in AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor for normally-off operation has specific benefits, including etching free fabrication process, high hole density and elimination of Mg dopants diffusion effects. This work presents a device configuration exploration combining the p-NiO
x
gate cap layer and a thin AlGaN barrier layer. Calculation method for the threshold voltage has been discussed, which obtains good consistence with the experimental measurements. In addition, a nitrogen based post-annealing process was developed to improve the film stoichiometry for elevated gate controllability, realizing normally-off operation with enhanced channel conduction capability. The current transport dynamics in the gate stack as coupled with the NiO
x
/AlGaN interface states have also been studied, where a deep level trap was recognized in dominating the gate current characteristics and the gate stability performance under different forward gate bias conditions.