bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of nitrosamine contaminants in drug samples: Has the crisis been overcome?
Authors: Schmidtsdorff Sebastian , Neumann Jonas , Schmidt Alexander H. , Parr Maria K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractVarious drug samples (N = 249; drug substances, tablets, capsules, solutions, crèmes, and more) from the European pharmaceutical market were collected since 2019 and analyzed for 16 nitrosamines (NAs). In 2.0% of the cases, NAs were detected. These findings included four active pharmaceutical ingredients already known for potential NA contamination: losartan (N‐nitrosodimethylamine [NDMA] and N‐nitrosodiethylamine, simultaneously), valsartan (NDMA), metformin (NDMA) and ranitidine (NDMA). The fifth new finding, which has not been reported yet, discovered contamination of a molsidomine tablet sample with N‐nitrosomorpholine (NMor). The tablet contained 144% of the toxicological allowable intake for NMor. NMor was included in our screening from the beginning and is currently the focus of regulatory authorities, but was added to the guidelines only last year. Thus, it may not have been the focus of regulatory investigations for too long. Our results indicate that the majority of drug products in the market are nonhazardous in terms of patient safety and drug purity. Unfortunately, the list of individual affected products keeps growing constantly and new NA cases, such as molsidomine or nitrosated drug substances (nitrosamine drug substance‐related impurities [NDSRI]), continue to emerge. We therefore expect nitrosamine screenings to remain a high priority.
N‐Substituted piperidine‐3‐carbohydrazide‐hydrazones against Alzheimer's disease: Synthesis and evaluation of cholinesterase, beta‐amyloid inhibitory activity, and antioxidant capacity
Authors: Parlar Sulunay , Sayar Gozde , Tarikogullari Ayse H. , Karadagli Sumru Sozer , Alan Elif , Sevin Gulnur , Erciyas Ercin , Holzgrabe Ulrike , Alptuzun Vildan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA series of piperidine‐3‐carbohydrazide‐hydrazones bearing phenylethyl, phenylpropyl, and phenylbutyl substituents on piperidine nitrogen were designed and synthesized as cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitors. The title compounds were screened for acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibitory activities and antioxidant capacities, and the active ones for Aβ42 self‐aggregation inhibition, in vitro. The chemiluminescence method was used to determine the effect of the selected compounds on the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in brain tissue. Physicochemical properties were calculated by the MOE program. Kinetic analysis and molecular modeling studies were also carried out for the most active compounds. Generally, the final compounds exhibited moderate to good AChE or BuChE inhibitory activity. Among them, 3g and 3j showed the most potent activity against AChE (IC50 = 4.32 µM) and BuChE (IC50 = 1.27 µM), respectively. The kinetic results showed that both compounds exhibited mixed‐type inhibition. Among the selected compounds, nitro derivatives (3g, 4g, and 5g) provided better Aβ42 inhibition. According to the chemiluminescence assay, 4i exhibited the most active superoxide free‐radical scavenger activity and 3g, 3j, and 4i showed similar scavenger activity on other ROS. All results suggested that 3g, 3j, and 4i have good AChE/BuChE, Aβ42 inhibitory potentials and antioxidant capacities and can therefore be suggested as promising multifunctional agents to combat Alzheimer's disease.
Surface and Interface Engineering for the Catalysts of Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction
Authors: Hu Yiping , Kang Yijin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe massive use of fossil fuels releases a great amount of CO2, which substantially contributes to the global warming. For the global goal of putting CO2 emission under control, effective utilization of CO2 is particularly meaningful. Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (eCO2RR) has great potential in CO2 utilization, because it can convert CO2 into valuable carbon‐containing chemicals and feedstock using renewable electricity. The catalyst design for eCO2RR is a key challenge to achieving efficient conversion of CO2 to fuels and useful chemicals. For a typical heterogeneous catalyst, surface and interface engineering is an effective approach to enhance reaction activity. Herein, the development and research progress in CO2 catalysts with focus on surface and interface engineering are reviewed. First, the fundaments of eCO2RR is briefly discussed from the reaction mechanism to performance evaluation methods, introducing the role of the surface and interface engineering of electrocatalyst in eCO2RR. Then, several routes to optimize the surface and interface of CO2 electrocatalysts, including morphology, dopants, atomic vacancies, grain boundaries, surface modification, etc., are reviewed and representative examples are given. At the end of this review, we share our personal views in future research of eCO2RR.
Adapting to a Changing Climate: EPA's Climate Resilience Evaluation and Awareness Tool
Authors: Wiggins John Wesley , Zimmerman Klara , Baranowski Curt , Fries Steve , Horansky Alex 
Published: December 2022

Key TakeawaysThe US Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) Creating Resilient Water Utilities program has advanced water sector climate preparedness for more than a decade.EPA's Climate Resilience Evaluation and Awareness Tool (CREAT) assists drinking water and wastewater utilities in their efforts to strengthen climate resilience.CREAT provides access to climate model projections, libraries of utility assets, and adaptive measures that reduce risk.The results of CREAT assessments help utilities understand the potential financial consequences of a changing climate and assess effective adaptation strategies.
Amplifying organisational discourses to the public: Media narratives of Teach For Australia, 2008–2020
Authors: Chan Stefanie Sze Wing , Thomas Matthew A. M. , Mockler Nicole 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAlternative teacher education programmes have emerged in many countries as a new approach to recruiting, educating and placing teachers in underperforming schools. The media plays an important role in framing perceptions of these programmes and their teachers, including in Australia, but this has not been the subject of significant research to date. This study examines how one alternative teacher education programme—Teach For Australia (TFAus)—has been positioned and framed within the news media since its inception. It critically analyses the portrayal of TFAus and concomitant educational discourses to explore their connection to larger issues surrounding teacher education and teaching quality. Drawing on an analysis of 122 print/online media articles, we identify narratives related to prestige, benevolence and the ‘alternative’ nature of the programme, alongside a narrative critical of TFAus. Despite this critical narrative, in investigating and opening up a dialogue on the perceptions and depictions of TFAus, we posit that the programme—although controversial in nature—has generally benefited from print media coverage, advancing its reputation as a major contributor to education reform and champion of educational equity.
Mechanistic modeling of viral particle production
Authors: Canova Christopher T. , Inguva Pavan K. , Braatz Richard D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractViral systems such as wild‐type viruses, viral vectors, and virus‐like particles are essential components of modern biotechnology and medicine. Despite their importance, the commercial‐scale production of viral systems remains highly inefficient for multiple reasons. Computational strategies are a promising avenue for improving process development, optimization, and control, but require a mathematical description of the system. This article reviews mechanistic modeling strategies for the production of viral particles, both at the cellular and bioreactor scales. In many cases, techniques and models from adjacent fields such as epidemiology and wild‐type viral infection kinetics can be adapted to construct a suitable process model. These process models can then be employed for various purposes such as in‐silico testing of novel process operating strategies and/or advanced process control.
Does maxillary sinus size affect the risk for zygomatic complex fractures?
Authors: Buller Johannes , Bömelburg Christoph , Kruse Teresa , Zirk Matthias 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe purpose of the study was to measure the maxillary sinus sizes in patients with and without zygomatic bone fractures. In this cross‐sectional study computed tomography data of a case group of consecutive treated patients with displaced zygomatic bone fractures were compared to a control group with mandibular fractures. Maxillary sinus sizes were measured in width, height, depth, and volume. We compared sinus sizes between the case and control group, followed by a subgroup analysis of slightly and severely displaced fractures using T‐tests. We identified 89 cases, thereof 46 with slightly and 43 with severely displaced fractures. The control group consisted of 110 patients. The mean sinus volume of the case group (19,313 mm3 ± 5237) was significantly larger than in the control group (17,645 mm3 ± 4760; p = 0.02). Subgroup analyses revealed that this difference in volume was more pronounced between patients with severely displaced fractures (20,354 mm3 ± 5416; p = 0.003) and the control group. In two‐dimensional measures, only sinus height was significantly greater in the case group (37.41 mm ± 4.25 vs. 35.33 mm ± 4.88; p = 0.002). The same holds for the subgroup with severely displaced fractures (38.27 mm ± 3.91; p = 0.001). Sinus width and depth showed no significant differences between the groups. A maxillary sinus volume larger than 20,000 mm3 is a predictive risk factor for a displaced zygomatic bone fracture. Greater sinus height indicates a larger surface area of the zygomaticomaxillary buttress that decreases the resistance to facial trauma.
Design, Synthesis, Calculation and Biological Activity Studies Based on Privileged Coumarin Derivatives as Multifunctional Anti‐AD Lead Compound
Authors: Wang Huiyan , Su Mengyang , Shi Xuli , Li Xiangyu , Zhang Xinyu , Yang Aihong , Shen Rui 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCoumarins and their derivatives possessed a variety of biological activities and some of coumarin‐based drugs have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Alzheimer's disease (AD) has caused great losses to human society. However, due to its complex pathogenesis, the ideal therapeutic approach has not been found yet. Free radical scavenging activity which is one of the main activities of coumarin core structure is closely related to other anti‐AD activities. Therefore, in this work coumarins were chosen as privileged lead compounds for the development of anti‐AD drugs based on strategy of multi‐target directed ligands (MTDLs). Derivatives 1–3 which could modulate multiple targets simultaneously, including ROS, cholinesterase, βamyloid (Aβ) aggregation, and metal dyshomeostasis were designed and for the first time synthesized. Their anti‐AD activities were studied both in vitro and in silico. Results showed that 1–3 possessed potent antioxidant activities and 7‐OH group did change the electron distribution of the molecule and enhance the antioxidant activities. They also have good inhibition activities on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Aβ aggregation and compound 1 had the strongest AChE inhibitory effect among the three compounds (AChE IC50=11.15 μM). Compound 1–3 could also selectively chelate with Cu2+ and Al3+ to regulate the metal homeostasis. In silico simulations, including molecular docking and prediction of ADMET performance, indicated that 1–3 could interact with target proteins and cross the blood brain barrier. In conclusion, 1–3 could be promising MTDLs applied as anti‐AD candidate drugs.
Cardiac amyloidosis—An underdiagnosed cause of heart failure: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Parmar Kanak , Benjanuwattra Juthipong , Sethi Pooja , Tijani Lukman , Hurst Philip , Pertuz Gaspar Del‐Rio , Argueta‐Sosa Erwin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRestrictive cardiomyopathy secondary to cardiac amyloidosis is an underdiagnosed, but treatable, cause of heart failure involving an extracellular deposition of misfolded protein. Hereby, we report a case of a female patient with history of nephrotic syndrome for 1 year who subsequently presented with symptoms of heart failure. The findings on cardiac imaging supported the suspicion of cardiac amyloidosis. Further laboratory workup for amyloidosis was pursued along with endomyocardial biopsy which confirmed amyloidosis‐AL type. Patient was started on chemotherapy. The case underscores the importance of a timely diagnosis with the help of symptomatology and imaging along with a multidisciplinary approach for patient care.
Diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis complex in adulthood: A case report
Authors: Cruz‐Zuniga Rubén D. , Alas‐Pineda César , Pineda‐Vijil Héctor O. , Gaitán‐Zambrano Kristhel , Flores‐Reyes Diana L. , Pineda‐Villeda Reenie H. , Quiñonez‐Sánchez Marco A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder. TSC consists of a wide variety of clinical manifestations, with neurological and dermatological symptoms being the most frequent. This study aims to describe the clinical characteristics and management of a pregnant patient incidentally diagnosed with TSC.
Hypertonic saline versus fluid restriction: The pitfalls in managing acute hyponatremia in a patient with long‐standing spinal cord injury
Authors: Koutroukas Vaios , Pavlou Panagiotis , Smith Emilia Imogen , Ciutac Andra Maria , Redford Christopher , Smith Jamie C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSpinal cord injury‐induced hyponatremia is an under‐recognized entity, without a mention in the European hyponatremia guidelines. We present a case of a 56‐year‐old female quadraplegic patient with cervical cord injury, presenting with severe hyponatremia and tonic–clonic seizures. This case highlights the challenges in medical management; action mechanisms are further discussed.
Tracheal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor presenting as an obstructive pediatric foreign body
Authors: Liu Alice Q. , Kotadia Naima , Tobia Amjad , Rayment Jonathan H. , Whyte Simon , Felton Mark 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe describe an unusual presentation of a suspected pediatric foreign body (FB) aspiration which was found to be an occlusive inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) of the distal trachea. These are rarely reported entities, with the potential for significant airway bleeds. Multidisciplinary discussion and involvement allowed for a safe patient outcome.
A case of accidental local pulmonary 99mTc‐MDP uptake on bone SPECT/CT
Authors: Chen Yao , Ning Yu , Liu Xiaoji , Cai Min , Li Sijin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe report a case of accidental local 99mTc‐MDP uptake in left lung on bone scan without pulmonary parenchymal abnormality on SPECT/CT. The abnormal uptake disappeared on repeated bone scan and SPECT/CT after 3 days. It is speculated that the high radioactivity focus is a microthrombus in pulmonary artery.
Technique innovation of endoscopic ultrasound portal pressure gradient measurement using standard manometer set for portal hypertension assessment
Authors: Lesmana Cosmas Rinaldi Adithya 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPortal hypertension (PH) is still a major challenge to be managed in clinical practice. However, hepatic vein pressure gradient (HVPG) measurement is not always reliable for portal hypertension (PH) diagnosis. This study showed the impact of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) as a promising tool for diagnosis and management PH condition.
2D/2D Transition‐Metal‐Sulfide Self‐Assembly Enables a Huge Tolerance to High Concentration Cr(VI) and a Prominent Photocatalytic Reduction Performance
Authors: Zhang Qian , Shao Jingze , Geng Zhibin , Liu Chang , Li Liping , Li Guangshe 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) transition‐metal‐sulfides always suffer from poor optical absorption ability, serious photogenerated carrier recombination, and lack of tolerance to high concentration Cr(VI), which limit their wide applications. Herein, 2D MoS2 nanosheets are in situ grown on 2D 5 % Cu‐doped ZnIn2S4 nanosheets to fabricate self‐assembly via a two‐step solvothermal method. The incorporation of Cu broadens the optical response range of self‐assembly and introduces an acceptor trap level that changes the valence band allocation of ZnIn2S4 nanocrystals, which improves the separation and migration of photogenerated electron‐hole pairs. As a result, complete photoreduction of Cr(VI) is surprisingly achieved for 2D/2D self‐assembly MoS2/Cu−ZnIn2S4 in 4 min under visible light irradiation (λ≥400 nm) without sacrificing any agents. Moreover, this self‐assembly is further indicated to have a strikingly huge tolerance to high concentration Cr(VI) (250 mg ⋅ L−1), and the photoreduction activity of Cr(VI) is almost not disturbed by high concentration inorganic ions in wastewater. All these merits demonstrate that 2D/2D transition‐metal‐sulfide self‐assembly may find many practical applications in water cleaning and environmental remediation.
Benzothioxanthene Dicarboximide as a Tuneable Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence Dye
Authors: Dauphin Alice L. , Andrés Castán José María , Yu Jing , Blanchard Philippe , Sojic Neso , Ahn Hyun S. , Walker Bright , Cabanetos Clément , Bouffier Laurent 
Published: December 2022

AbstractInvited for this issue's Front Cover are Dr. Laurent Bouffier and Prof. Neso Sojic of the Institute of Molecular Sciences (ISM, Bordeaux) in collaboration with Dr. Clément Cabanetos (MOLTECH‐Anjou & 2BFUEL, Seoul). The cover picture shows the colour‐tuneable electrogenerated chemiluminescence collected from benzothioxanthene dicarboximide dyes. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/celc.202200967.
Development of Low‐Molecular‐Weight Organogelators from Cyclic β‐Amino Acid: Effect of Stereochemistry and their Application on Visual Chiral Recognition of Amines
Authors: Kodama Koichi , Obata Masato , Sugimura Sho , Yuhara Hiroki , Hirose Takuji 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study reports the formation of low‐molecular‐weight gelators based on carboxylic acids derived from chiral cyclicβ‐amino acids. The effect of their stereochemistry on the gelation of organic solvents was investigated, and their assemblies with the intermolecular interactions in the xerogels were proposed via infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and crystallographic details of the related model compounds. The effect of the alkyl chain length on the gelators was studied, and they were applied to the chiral recognition of amines. Only one diastereomeric salt with amines afforded gels, whereas the others resulted in precipitates. Chiral recognition was also achieved in the gel state, and the appearance of the as‐prepared gel changed upon the addition of each amine enantiomer, thus enabling the visual detection of their chirality.
Structures and Supramolecular Properties of Inclusion Complexes of Anthracene‐Triptycene Nanocages with Fullerene Guests and Their Dynamic Motion as Molecular Gyroscopes
Authors: Mitani Takuji , Tsurumaki Eiji , Toyota Shinji 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThree derivatives of macrocyclic cage compounds consisting of diarylanthracene and triptycene units were synthesized. These nanocages formed host‐guest complexes with C60 and other fullerene guests as confirmed by 1H NMR and fluorescence spectroscopy. The association constant of the mesityl and 2,4,6‐tributoxyphenyl derivatives with C60 was determined to be 2.2 × 104 L mol−1, which was larger than that of the pentafluorophenyl derivative. Direct experimental evidence of the complexation was obtained by X‐ray diffraction analysis: the guest C60 molecule was included in the cavity via multipoint CH⋅⋅⋅π interactions. Dynamic disorders of the included C60 molecule in variable‐temperature X‐ray analysis indicated uniaxial motion, such as gyroscopic motion. The unique dynamic behavior of the spherical C60 rotor anchored by the cage stator via CH⋅⋅⋅π interactions in the crystal, as well as substituent effects on the association properties, are discussed with the aid of DFT calculations.
Studies on the effect of solvent for the synthesis of low‐cost and efficient Pt‐Co/CAB cathode electrocatalyst to enhance the performance of a hydrogen‐based PEMFC
Authors: Singh Abhay Pratap , Sharma Sweta , Pramanik Hiralal 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHighly efficient and low‐cost Pt‐Co/CAB bimetallic cathode electrocatalysts were synthesized for hydrogen‐based proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) using three different types of solvent, namely, dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), dimethylformamide (DMF), and ethylene glycol (EG). The physical characterization of synthesized cathode electrocatalysts Pt‐Co/CAB‐DMSO, Pt‐Co/CAB‐DMF and Pt‐Co/CAB‐EG was performed by scanning electron microscope–energy‐dispersive X‐ray (SEM–EDX), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques, whereas the electrochemical investigation of all three Pt‐Co/CAB electrocatalysts was performed by CV and EIS studies. The synthesized Pt‐Co/C‐EG electrocatalyst produced the highest power density of 19.61 mW/cm2 at a room temperature of 33°C. The power density increased to 26.11 mW/cm2, that is, 133%, when the cell operating temperature was raised from 33 to 70°C. The excellent performance of the Pt‐Co/CAB‐EG cathode electrode proves that it can be recommended as a commercial electrocatalyst for PEMFC cathode. In addition, the EG/EG was identified as the best solvent for the synthesis of Pt‐Co/CAB cathode electrocatalysts.
Click Chemistry Protocol for 3D Bioprintable Elastin−Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels
Authors: Cadamuro Francesca , Sampaolesi Susanna , Bertolini Giulia , Roz Luca , Nicotra Francesco , Russo Laura 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe generation of 3D‐bioprintable and biocompatible hydrogels based on elastin and hyaluronic acid is described. The procedure is based on a biocompatible click reaction between maleimide and thiol for the final crosslinking, employable with living cells due to fast kinetics and absence of side products. To this end, both α‐elastin and hyaluronic acid were functionalized with linkers ending with maleimide groups, at controlled functionalization intensities, and crosslinked with a dithiol−PEG linker. Varying the equivalents of the three reagents, four different hydrogels were obtained and their biocompatibility, swelling capacity and printability were tested. Biological experiments were performed with human lung fibroblast, human bronchial epithelial and human endothelial cell lines cultured in the hydrogels. Fibroblasts and epithelial cells can survive and proliferate. Epithelial cells showed an increased expression of CD44 and integrin αvβ3. Gene expression analysis revealed up‐regulation of metalloproteinases both in normal fibroblast and epithelial cells.