bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘We are happy to tell you the sisimol stories (small stories)’: Reframing what counts as conservation work in the Arnavon Islands, Solomon Islands
Authors: Fidali Kristina L. , Larder Nicolette 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFunders and governments alike increasingly understand the importance of women's inclusion in environmental conservation and natural resource management across the Pacific region. Despite this recognition, the weight of evidence suggests that entrenched gender inequalities continue to create barriers for women's engagement in conservation management and related projects like those for climate change adaptation. Against the dominant narrative that women are always marginal in environmental management in the Pacific, we draw on the small stories provided by women in communities around the Arnavon Islands in the Solomon Islands to show that in fact women are deeply engaged in conservation efforts and environmental care. Building on the concept of emplaced sustainability, we reframe what counts as the work of environmental conservation to include the mundane, small and everyday activities undertaken by women. Rather than marginal, the collective mundane and everyday work of women takes place alongside the ‘important’ or ‘big’ work of conservation in the region and we argue that both kinds of labouring matter for sustaining ecological livelihoods.
mMrgprA3/mMrgprC11/hMrgprX1: Potential therapeutic targets for allergic contact dermatitis–induced pruritus in mice and humans
Authors: Li Fengxian , Wang Changming , Hu Danyou , Zhang Xinyu , Shen Ran , Zhou Yuan , Yang Yan , Zhu Chan , Tang Zongxiang , Yu Guang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the Mas‐related G‐protein–coupled receptors (Mrgprs) play essential roles in itch detection, their contribution to allergic contact dermatitis (ACD)–associated itch remains unclear.ObjectivesTo investigate whether Mrgprs are involved in ACD and whether Mrgprs can be identified as potential therapeutic targets.MethodsMrgpr‐clusterΔ–/– mice and human MrgprX1 (hMrgprX1) transgenic mice were used to evaluate the function of Mrgprs in oxazolone‐induced ACD.ResultsUtilizing an ACD model, we found that Mrgpr‐clusterΔ–/– mice display significantly reduced pruritus. Among 12 Mrgprs deleted in Mrgpr‐clusterΔ–/– mice, the expression of MrgprC11 and MrgprA3 was significantly increased in the ACD model, which also innervated the skin and spinal cord at higher‐than‐normal densities. The proportions of dorsal root ganglia neurons responding to bovine adrenal medulla peptide 8‐22 and chloroquine were also remarkably increased in the ACD model, resulting in enhanced itch behaviour. To study the function of human Mrgprs in ACD‐induced itch, we used hMrgprX1 transgenic mice, which rescued the severe itch defect of Mrgpr‐clusterΔ–/– mice in the ACD model. Remarkably, pharmacological blockade of hMrgprX1 significantly attenuates ACD itch in hMrgprX1 transgenic mouse.ConclusionsOur study provides the first evidence that Mrgprs are involved in ACD‐induced chronic itch, which provides new avenues for itch management in ACD.
When Unequals Compete: Where Do They Stand After the Competition?
Authors: Hart Einav , Avrahami Judith , Kareev Yaakov 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWhen two unequals compete, the stronger, more able, richer competitor commonly stands a better chance of winning. If the stronger competitor does win, this worsens the relative status of the weaker competitor even further. Does this result depend on the type of competition? Does it depend on the size of the reward to be won? In the present paper, we report an experimental study of how a very simple competitive mechanism can affect the relative standing of the weaker, poorer of two competitors. In a lab experiment with 208 participants, we employed competitions with different levels of uncertainty in how a winner was determined and with different sizes of rewards to be won, to explore effects on the relative standing of the weaker and stronger competitors. We used an investment game in which participants differing in their endowed budgets competed against one another, forfeiting their investment whether they won or lost. Two versions of the game were used: a simple all‐pay‐auction contest and a non‐constant‐sum Colonel Blotto contest (Roberson & Kvasov, 2012), both with players that were unequal in their budgets. Results revealed that, in line with published game‐theoretic solutions, the relative standing of the weaker agents worsened following competition, and increasingly so the higher the rewards. At the same time, the effect was mitigated in the variant of the Colonel Blotto game, which involved more uncertainty in how the winner was determined.
Dream Interpretation from a Cognitive and Cultural Evolutionary Perspective: The Case of Oneiromancy in Traditional China
Authors: Hong Ze 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWhy did people across the world and throughout history believe that dreams can foretell what will occur in the future? In this paper, I attempt to answer this question within a cultural evolutionary framework by emphasizing the cognitive aspect of dream interpretation; namely, the fact that dreams were often viewed as significant and interpretable has to do with various psychological and social factors that influence how people obtain and process information regarding the validity of dream interpretation as a technique. Through a comprehensive analysis of a large dataset of dream occurrences in the official Chinese historical records, I argue that the ubiquity and persistence of dream interpretation have a strong empirical component (predictively accurate dream cases), which is particularly vulnerable to transmission errors and biases. The overwhelmingly successful records of dream prediction in transmitted texts, I suggest, is largely due to the fabrication and retrospective inference of past dreams, as well as the under‐reporting of predictive failures. These “positive data” then reinforce individuals’ confidence in the predictive power of dreams. I finally show a potential decline of the popularity of dream interpretation in traditional China and offer a few suggestive explanations drawing on the unique characteristics of oneiromancy compared to other divination techniques.
Red blood cell distribution width and maximum left ventricular wall thickness predict poor outcomes in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Li Jia , Gao Weidong , Liu Jinxue , Zhang Xuefang , Tao Jun , Zhang Gaoxing 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimTo evaluate the prognostic utility of red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and maximum left ventricular wall thickness (MLVWT) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).Patients and methodsThis study is a retrospective cohort analysis. Patients diagnosed with HCM at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University from March 2014 to March 2019 were included. HCM patients were stratified into two groups based on the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were then constructed and Cox regression models were employed to gauge the prognostic relevance of RDW and MLVWT for HCM patients. Kaplan–Meier analysis evaluated the survival and MACE‐free rate in patients with different level of RDW and MLVWT.ResultsA total of 300 patients with HCM were enrolled in this study and followed up for 40.56±18.33 months. Among them, 117 MACE (39.00%), 40 all‐cause deaths (13.33%), and 29 cardiovascular deaths (9.67%). The level of RDW, MLVWT, creatinine (Cr), and B‐type pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐ProBNP) were statistically different between the MACE group and non‐MACE group (P < .05). Multivariate analysis showed that after adjusting for confounding factors, RDW and MLVWT were independent predictors of all‐cause mortality and MACE in HCM patients. ROC showed that RDW > .13 and MLVWT > 23 mm are the cut‐off value to predict all‐cause mortality and MACE. The area under the ROC curve AUC of the combination predicting the occurrence of all‐cause mortality and MACE are .823 and .820, respectively. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that the survival rate and MACE‐free survival rate of group 1 (RDW≦.13 and MLVWT≦23 mm) were significantly higher than group 2 (RDW > .13 or MLVWT > 23 mm), and group 3 (RDW > .13 and MLVWT > 23 mm) (P = .000).ConclusionWe determined that increased RDW and MLVWT was independently associated with MACE incidence and risk of mortality in HCM patients. Combined evaluation of RDW and MLVWT yielded a more accurate predictive model of HCM patient outcomes relative to the use of either of these metrics in isolation. Our research can provide a theoretical basis in the occurrence of MACE for the high‐risk HCM and intervene them properly and timely.
Ecophysiology of a small ectotherm tracks environmental variation along an elevational cline
Authors: Anderson Rodolfo O. , Alton Lesley A. , White Craig R. , Chapple David G. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimPhysiological responses to climate can be used to quantify the environmental limits that a species can tolerate and are, therefore, key to biogeographical studies. Several ecophysiological responses to climatic factors may shape the distribution of species, but our knowledge is mostly centred in thermal ecophysiology. We applied an integrative approach to investigate how ecophysiological responses of a small ectotherm are modulated by climatic variation across an elevational gradient.LocationVictoria, Australia.TaxonLampropholis guichenoti (Scincidae, Squamata).MethodsWe examined metabolic rate, evaporative water loss, thermal physiology and locomotor performance, of four populations of the skink Lampropholis guichenoti across an elevational gradient in Australia (17–1546 m). We applied biophysical modelling to test how behaviour impacts the survival and activity of these skinks.ResultsPopulations from the lowlands had lower metabolic rates and evaporative water loss, lower thermal preferences, higher optimal temperatures and increased locomotor performance compared populations from high elevations. Biophysical models revealed that behaviour allows skinks from high elevation to maintain their body temperatures above freezing and is key to determining activity patterns.Main conclusionsOur holistic study shows that a combination of physiological and behavioural responses allows ectotherms to survive in different climatic environments. The interplay between physiology and behaviour can help to explain how climate sets limits for the geographical range of ectotherms.
What should we evaluate when we use technology in education?
Authors: Lai Jennifer W. M. , Bower Matt , De Nobile John , Breyer Yvonne 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is a lack of critical or empirical work interrogating the nature and purpose of evaluating technology use in education.ObjectivesIn this study, we examine the values underpinning the evaluation of technology use in education through field specialist perceptions. The study also poses critical reflections about the rigour of evaluation instruments development in the educational technology field.MethodA total of 48 domain specialists were surveyed to investigate the face and content validity of 39 items under eight constructs, with both qualitative and quantitative data from the survey analysed.ResultsThere was an alignment between the constructs that the specialists felt were important and the constructs that have typically been the focus of empirical studies, with field specialists indicating high relevance scores for technology (M = 3.24/4), learning outcomes (M = 3.20/4), affective elements (M = 3.19/4), behaviour (M = 3.15/4), presence/community (M = 3.07/4), teaching/pedagogy (M = 3.01/4), design (M = 2.96/4), and institutional environment (M = 2.86/4). Only a minority of other studies were found to perform face and content validity checks and even then only with small samples of respondents (usually n ≤ 5).ImplicationsSpecialists in educational technology research confirm that all eight dimensions are important to consider when evaluating the use of technology in education. Thorough face and content validity processes should be adopted when developing educational technology evaluation instruments. Further work has validated an eight factor 28 item instrument for evaluating the use of technology in education using a large sample of students from a global open learning online course.
Association between left atrial appendage fibrosis and thrombus formation: A histological approach
Authors: Miyauchi Shunsuke , Tokuyama Takehito , Uotani Yukimi , Miyamoto Shogo , Ikeuchi Yoshihiro , Okamura Sho , Okubo Yousaku , Katayama Keijiro , Takasaki Taiichi , Nakatani Nobuhiro , Matsudaira Yorisato , Furusho Hisako , Miyauchi Mutsumi , Takahashi Shinya , Nakano Yukiko 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionAlthough recent echocardiographic studies have suggested that left atrial appendage (LAA) remodeling contributes to the development of LAA thrombus (LAAT), histological evidence is absent. The objective of this study was to examine clinical parameters and histological findings to clarify the factors involved in LAAT formation.MethodsA total of 64 patients (no atrial fibrillation [AF], N = 22; paroxysmal AF, N = 16; nonparoxysmal AF, N = 26) who underwent LAA excision during surgery were enrolled. Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography were performed before surgery. We evaluated the fibrosis burden (%) in the excised LAA sections with Azan–Mallory staining in patients with a LAAT compared with those without.ResultsPatients with paroxysmal and non‐paroxysmal AF had a higher LAA fibrosis burden than those without AF (p = .005 and p < .0001, respectively). Among the patients enrolled, 16 had a LAAT and 15 of them had nonparoxysmal AF. Among the nonparoxysmal AF patients, those with a LAAT had significantly higher LAA fibrosis burden than those without (23.8% [14.8%–40.3%] vs. 12.8% [7.4%–18.2%], p = .004) and echocardiographic parameters of the left atrial volume index (R = 0.543, p = .01), LAA depth (R = 0.452, p = .02), and LAA flow velocity (R = − 0.487, p = .01) were correlated with the LAA fibrosis burden.ConclusionThis study provided histological evidence that LAA fibrosis is related to LAAT formation. Echocardiographic parameters of LAA remodeling and function were correlated with the LAA fibrosis burden.
GNLY gene polymorphism: A potential role in understanding psoriasis pathogenesis
Authors: Khalid Hesham Nabil , Elghobashy Yasser Abd Elsattar , Elsayed Asmaa Nagy 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundPsoriasis is a chronic inflammatory illness that affects 2%–3% of the world's population. Granulysin (GNLY), along with granzyme and perforin, is a cytolytic antimicrobial peptide (AMP) released from the granules of both natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). By immunohistochemistry, it has been shown that GNLY expression increases in psoriasis lesions.AimsOur work aimed to reveal the potential effect of GNLY gene polymorphism and its association with psoriasis pathogenesis.MethodsThis case–control research included 25 patients with psoriasis vulgaris and 25 healthy people who were age and gender matched. History taking and medical examination were done for all patients. Venous blood samples were withdrawn, DNA was extracted, and real‐time PCR was done.ResultsThere was an insignificant difference between psoriasis cases and controls as regards gene sequence (p > 0.05). The polymorphism of GNLY gene regarding genotype distribution G/G was detected in seven patients with psoriasis (28%) and in only two controls (8%). This clarifies that GNLY rs 7908 G/G gene polymorphism may be a strong diagnostic tool for psoriasis.ConclusionsIn patients with psoriasis, the GNLY rs7908 CC genotype alongside with C allele played a preventative function and reduced disease severity (as shown by PASI score). Detection of GG genotype points out that a psoriatic case will run a progressive course, will have a severe pattern in the future, and will develop multiple site affection.
Exploring physiologic reactions to persuasive information
Authors: Spelt Hanne A. A. , Asta Luisa , Kersten‐van Dijk Els T. , Ham Jaap , IJsselsteijn Wijnand A. , Westerink Joyce H. D. M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPersuasion aims at changing peoples’ motivations and/or behaviors. This study explores how and when physiology reflects persuasion processes and specifically whether individual differences in motivations and behaviors affect psychophysiologic reactions to persuasive information. Participants (N = 70) with medium or high meat consumption patterns watched a persuasive video advocating limited meat consumption, while their electrodermal and cardiovascular physiology was measured. Results indicated that the video increased participants’ moral beliefs, perceived behavioral control, and reduction intentions. This study also found an increase in physiologic arousal during the persuasive video and that people with motivations less aligned to the persuasion objective had more physiologic arousal. The findings encourage further psychophysiologic persuasion research, especially as these insights can potentially be used to personalize persuasive messages of behavior change applications.
Food literacy in Pacific Island countries: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Horsey Bridget , Taylor Jane , Hayman Ann , Underhill Steven , Burkhart Sarah 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The aim of this scoping review is to identify how food literacy is characterized and measured in the context of the Pacific Islands, and describe food literacy initiatives that may inform future policy, practice, and research.

Introduction:
“Food literacy” is an emerging term used to describe the knowledge, skills, and behaviors required from individuals, households, communities, or nations to make healthy food choices. Given the complexity of changing food systems and the significant health challenges facing Pacific Island communities, understanding the evidence on food literacy in these communities may contribute to ensuring adequate nutrition for this population.

Inclusion criteria:
The scoping review will examine all evidence that broadly defines, describes, measures, or explores food literacy and/or its components in residents of Pacific Island countries and territories, of any age or gender. Evidence on initiatives implemented to improve food literacy within this population will also be considered. Countries will be limited to member countries of “the Pacific Community.”

Methods:
Key information sources to be searched for publications will include databases CABI, EBSCO, and Scopus, along with Google Scholar and Google for gray literature. Experts from relevant organizations and agencies will be contacted to locate additional sources. Results will be restricted to sources from the previous 30 years, available in English and French. Data will be extracted by two or more independent reviewers using a data extraction tool. Results will be presented with a narrative summary, accompanied by tabulated and/or charted results.
Electromagnetic form factors in noncommutative space time
Authors: Rafiei A. , Rezaei Z. , Mirjalili A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractElectric and magnetic moment distributions are presenting by form factors (FF)s. Noncommutative space-time (NCST) includes an additional Lorentz index which are effecting on FFs. In this content we investigate electron-proton elastic scattering to impose the noncommutative effect on FFs and to obtain their physical meaning. Two Rosenbluth and polarization methods are utilized in NCST. The second method is not affected by NCST. When we resort to polarization method, the ratio of electric form factor to magnetic form factor in NCST is identical to the one in normal space time. This indicates the priority of polarization method to measure experimentally the concerned ratio as is expecting. On the other hand, the pure NC effect makes to appear an extra ratio, denoted by $$R_{NC}$$

R

NC

. If we let the variation of this quantity to cover the difference between the experimental results for Resonbluth and polarization ratio then the accepted lower limit of $$\Lambda _{NC}$$

Λ

NC

as NC scale is achieved which is corresponding to 180$$^\circ $$

∘

for the scattering angle.
Universal inverse seesaw mechanism as a source of the SM fermion mass hierarchy
Authors: Hernández A. E. Cárcamo , Huong D. T. , Schmidt Ivan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe build a renormalizable theory where the inverse seesaw mechanism explains the pattern of SM fermion masses. To the best of our knowledge, our model corresponds to the first implementation of the inverse seesaw mechanism for the charged fermion sector. In our theory, the inverse seesaw mechanism is implemented at the tree and one-loop levels in order to generate the masses for the second and first families of the SM charged fermions, respectively. The third family of SM charged fermions obtain tree-level masses from the Higgs doublets$$\phi _{1}$$ϕ1(for the top quark) and$$\phi _{2}$$ϕ2(for the bottom quark and tau lepton). The masses of the active light neutrinos are generated from a two-loop level inverse seesaw mechanism. Our model successfully explains the observed SM fermion mass hierarchy, the tiny masses of the active light neutrinos, contains the necessary means for efficient leptogenesis and is in accordance with the constraints resulting from meson oscillations, as well as with the measured values of the observed dark matter relic density and of the muon and electron anomalous magnetic moments.
The Old Frisian Ten Signs in the Host
Authors: Cataldi Claudio 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Old Frisian religious texts are relatively scarce. In fact, several pastoral pieces survive amongst the large body of Old Frisian legal texts. In this context, the fifteenth-century legal collection known as Thet Autentica Riocht (‘The Authentic Law’) is of special interest because it includes a sequence of short didactic texts, dealing with Christian topics. The present study focuses on The Ten Signs in the Host, one of the catechetical texts of Thet Autentica Riocht. It presents a discussion of the text, its Latin sources, their manuscript tradition, and a Middle High German analogue of the Old Frisian text.
Genome-wide survey of the dehydrin genes in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and its relatives: identification, evolution and expression profiling under various abiotic stresses
Authors: Hao Yongchao , Hao Ming , Cui Yingjie , Kong Lingrang , Wang Hongwei 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) is an important staple cereal grain worldwide. The ever-increasing environmental stress makes it very important to mine stress-resistant genes for wheat breeding programs. Therefore, dehydrin (DHN) genes can be considered primary candidates for such programs, since they respond to multiple stressors.

Results
In this study, we performed a genome-wide analysis of the DHN gene family in the genomes of wheat and its three relatives. We found 55 DHN genes in T. aestivum, 31 in T. dicoccoides, 15 in T. urartu, and 16 in Aegilops tauschii. The phylogenetic, synteny, and sequence analyses showed we can divide the DHN genes into five groups. Genes in the same group shared similar conserved motifs and potential function. The tandem TaDHN genes responded strongly to drought, cold, and high salinity stresses, while the non-tandem genes respond poorly to all stress conditions. According to the interaction network analysis, the cooperation of multiple DHN proteins was vital for plants in combating abiotic stress.

Conclusions
Conserved, duplicated DHN genes may be important for wheat being adaptable to a different stress conditions, thus contributing to its worldwide distribution as a staple food. This study not only highlights the role of DHN genes help the Triticeae species against abiotic stresses, but also provides vital information for the future functional studies in these crops.