bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of heparin cofactor ii
specificity for thrombin
Authors: Ciaccia Angelina V. , Church Frank C. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Hemostasis is a critical element of the host defense system. The "balance" in hemostasis is achieved by the tight regulation of both procoagulant and anticoagulant proteins. The focus of this short review is on one particular anticoagulant protein, heparin cofactor II (HCII), a member of the serine proteinase (serpin) superfarnily of proteins. A brief overview of serpins and the mechanism by which HCII specifically regulates the activity of the most critical procoagulant proteinase thrombin are addressed.
Binding of mutant hiv-i proteases with junction b peptides containing methyleneamino isostere replacements
Authors: Dunn B.M. , Zbang L. , Pennington M.W. , Baur P. , Byrnes M.E. , de Cbastonay J. , Wilson S. I. , Kay J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
A series ofpeptidomimetics (with a -CH2-NH- replacing the scissile peptide bond) based on one of the CA/NC cleavage junctions in the gag region of l-IlV-1 has been prepared and shown to provide effective inhibitors of l-IlV-1 PR. Furthermore, these compounds retain much of their potency when tested against mutant forms of HIV- I PR in which residues 45, 48, and 82 have been changed. In contrast, when Ile 84 is changed to Val, binding is reduced and when Asp 30 is changed to Phe, binding is weakened substantially. To provide an independent measure of interaction, the binding of a fluorescent form of the methylenearnino-substituted inhibitors has been studied by kinetics and spectroscopy. A series of substrates of analogous structures was also prepared and evaluated by determining kcai, Km and kc.rlKm values for cleavage by l-IlV-1 PR
Additivity of lytic activities for mutant lysozymes
Authors: Imoto Taiji , Hashimoto Yo hio , Tokuyama Kazuhide , Ito Yuji 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
We constructed various Iysozyme mutants and their addition mutants. Each mutation, Asn27Asp (activity 84%), Lys33Asn (130%), Ser36Thr (175%), SerS0Thr (140%) and Trp62Tyr (130%) was respectively added to the double mutant Aspl01Gly/Gly102Pro (225%). As the result of the additive mutations, activities of these triple mutants were 217%, 318%, 367%, 273% and 264% of wild type, respectively. These results show that the additivity is held in lytic activity whose mechanism is complex.
In vitro characterization of peptides interfering with the hiv-1 nucleocapsid protein (ncp7) functions
Authors: Lener Daniela , Antico Giovanni , Andre Alessandra , Aulicino Anna , Bucci Enrico , Darlix Jean-Luc , Calogero Raffaele A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
In HIV-I, the nucleocapsid protein (NCp7) play essential roles in several steps of HIV-I replication. Since NCp7 is required for virion formation and proviral DNA synthesis and is highly conserved, identification of compounds able to inhibit NCp7 activities and functions may lead to the discovery of new anti-HIV drugs. Here we present data showing that peptides derived from the first and second NCp7 zinc finger interfere, in vitro, with NCp7 functions during the early stage of HIV- I reverse transcription.
Crystallization	and	X-ray analysis	of oxyhemoglobin-i
liposarcus anisitsi (pisces)
Authors: Smarra A.L.S. , Arni R.K. , De Azevedo W.F , Colombo M.F , Bonilla-Rodriguez G.O. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Hemoglobin remains, despite the enormous amount of research involving this molecule, as a prototype for allosteric models and new conformations. Functional studies carried out on Hemoglobin-I from the South­ American Catfish Liposarcus anisitsi [1] suggest the existence of conformational states beyond those already described for human hemoglobin, which could be confirmed crystallographically. The present work represents the initial steps towards that goal.
Bactericidal properties of hiv-1 vpr c-terminal sequences
Authors: Macreadie I. G. , Failla P. , Castelli L. A. , Azad A. A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Vpr is a virion-associated protein of human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV- I). Vpr is toxic to human and yeast cells when produced in the cell or when added externally, due to the presence of the sequence HFRIGCRHSRIG, which represent Vpr residues 71-82. Here we show that the C-terminal sequence of Vpr also causes toxicity in E. coli. The intracellular but not the extracellular toxicity can be partially overcome with the selection of a .s,uppressor of Ypr 1oxicity (svt) mutant E. coli strain.
Dopamine- -Hydroxylase Inhibition: A Novel Sympatho-Modulatory Approach for the Treatment of Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: Hegde S.S. , Friday K F. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Pre-clinical and clinical studies suggest that chronic sympathetic activation in congestive heart failure (CHF) is a maladaptive response which accelerates the progressive worsening of the disease. Consequently, therapeutic interventions which inhibit sympathetic nerve function are likely to favorably alter the natural course of the disease. Indeed, recent clinical studies have shown that treatment with carvedilol, a P­ blocker, reduces mortality and the risk of death and hospitalization. The therapeutic value of P-blockers, however, may be limited by their propensity to cause acute hemodynamic
deterioration which results from abrupt withdrawal of sympathetic support. Thus, although the intrnuuction or P- blockers represents an important advance in the treatment of CHF, a better tolerated means of modulating the sympathetic nervous system would be highly desirable.
An alternative strategy for directly modulating sympathetic nerve function is to inhibit the biosynthesis of norepinephrine (NE) via inhibition of dopamine-P-hydroxylase (DBH), the enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of dopamine (DA) to NE in sympathetic nerves. This approach may have the following three merits over P-blockade. First, this class of drugs would be expected to produce gradual modulation, as opposed to abrupt blockade, of sympathetic nerve function and, consequently, would not be associated with acute hemodynamic worsening thereby obviating the need for dose-titration. Second, from a theoretical standpoint, DBH inhibitors, at low doses, would preferentially inhibit NE release in the heart £ince the storage pool of NE in this organ is selectively depleted in CHF. Lastly, inhibition of DBH would augment the levels of DA which, via agonism of dopamine receptors, could have beneficial effects on renal function. Nepicastat is a novel, selective and potent
(IC50 = 9 nM) inhibitor of DBH. Preclinical studies have shown that nepicastat produces gradual modulation of catecholamine levels (reduction in NE and elevation of DA and• DA/NE ratio) in cardiovascular tissues and plasma,
attenuates sympathetically-mediated cardiovascular responses and also has salutary effects on renal function. In a canine heart failure model, normalization of transmyocardial norepinephrine balance with nepicastat retards the process of ventricular dilation and prevents progressive worsening of cardiac functiun. Early short-term clinical studies in CHF patients have shown that nepicastat is well tolerated and produces significant and dose-dependent increases in plasma DA/NE concentrations.
In conclusion, DBH inhibition, with drugs such as nepicastat, may be a better-tolerated mechanism for producing sympatho-inhibition and thus represents a promising therapy for CHF.
Performance of Bridge Envelope During Earthquake Using Finite Element and Artificial Neural Network Techniques
Authors: Naji Maryam , Firoozi Ali Akbar 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Bridges are one of the most critical parts of a transportation network that may be damaged during earthquakes and it is necessary to have a prediction model for bridge responses under seismic loads that can be extended to other situations. Soil stiffness significantly affects load distribution when soil, piles, abutment, and superstructure all act as a combined system to resist lateral loading on a bridge.

Methods:
A two-dimensional (2D) model of integral abutment bridge (IAB) with soil springs around piles and behind the abutments for 18.3m, 35.4m, and 64.5m spans respectively, was developed with finite element (FE). The input variables were bridge span, backfill height, soil stiffness behind abutment, and soil stiffness around piles. Also, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was examined for pile lateral force, pile displacement, pile head moment, girder axial force, and abutment moment.

Results:
Using FE the prediction of critical response for medium span (i.e., 123.6m) and large span (i.e., 249m) by ANN was performed. Findings show that backfill stiffness has an important effect on lateral displacement. The best performance was related to high stiffness backfill with intermediate clay around the pile.

Conclusion:
Stiffness of clay around the pile has an important effect on lateral displacement, pile lateral force, pile bending moment, girder axial force, and girder bending moment at the abutment.
Identifying Patterns of Clinical Interest in Clinicians’ Treatment Preferences: Hypothesis-free Data Science Approach to Prioritizing Prescribing Outliers for Clinical Review
Authors: MacKenna Brian , Curtis Helen J , Hopcroft Lisa E M , Walker Alex J , Croker Richard , Macdonald Orla , Evans Stephen J W , Inglesby Peter , Evans David , Morley Jessica , Bacon Sebastian C J , Goldacre Ben 
Published: October 2022

Background
Data analysis is used to identify signals suggestive of variation in treatment choice or clinical outcome. Analyses to date have generally focused on a hypothesis-driven approach.

Objective
This study aimed to develop a hypothesis-free approach to identify unusual prescribing behavior in primary care data. We aimed to apply this methodology to a national data set in a cross-sectional study to identify chemicals with significant variation in use across Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs) for further clinical review, thereby demonstrating proof of concept for prioritization approaches.

Methods
Here we report a new data-driven approach to identify unusual prescribing behaviour in primary care data. This approach first applies a set of filtering steps to identify chemicals with prescribing rate distributions likely to contain outliers, then applies two ranking approaches to identify the most extreme outliers amongst those candidates. This methodology has been applied to three months of national prescribing data (June-August 2017).

Results
Our methodology provides rankings for all chemicals by administrative region. We provide illustrative results for 2 antipsychotic drugs of particular clinical interest: promazine hydrochloride and pericyazine, which rank highly by outlier metrics. Specifically, our method identifies that, while promazine hydrochloride and pericyazine are barely used by most clinicians (with national prescribing rates of 11.1 and 6.2 per 1000 antipsychotic prescriptions, respectively), they make up a substantial proportion of antipsychotic prescribing in 2 small geographic regions in England during the study period (with maximum regional prescribing rates of 298.7 and 241.1 per 1000 antipsychotic prescriptions, respectively).

Conclusions
Our hypothesis-free approach is able to identify candidates for audit and review in clinical practice. To illustrate this, we provide 2 examples of 2 very unusual antipsychotics used disproportionately in 2 small geographic areas of England.
«Прежде по Вашей милости я жил спокойно. Как быть? Рассудите, Ваше Светлейшество». Начало внутриполитического кризиса в Калмыцком ханстве в 1723 г.
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., Elista 358000, Russian Federation), Tepkeev Vladimir T. 
Published: October 2022

Introduction. The article publishes one of the last letters submitted by Khan Ayuka of the Kalmyks to the Russian Emperor Peter the Great. Goals. The work aims at introducing newly discovered correspondence dealing with Russian-Kalmyk relations in the first quarter of the 18th century. Materials. The document analyzed is contained in Collection 119 (‘Kalmyk Affairs’) of Imperial Russia’s Foreign Policy Archive that houses quite a number of written sources in Kalmyk history. The never-published document is the first Kalmyk letter from the mentioned archive to be made available to the public. Results. The paper provides a brief historical review of the events described in Khan Ayuka’s letter. The most precious document sheds light on multiple circumstances to have preceded the outburst of the internal Kalmyk conflict in 1723. Conclusions. The examined 1724 letter is an invaluable source in the history of Kalmyk Khanate that shall essentially add to further understanding of 18th-century Russian-Kalmyk relations. So, the text clarifies Khan Ayuka’s stance on the emerging internal crisis. Having been one of those who wrecked the negotiation process between Chakdorjab’s sons, Ayuka turns to the Russian Emperor for assistance in his letter. The domestic conflict not only significantly weakened his positions as Khan but also resulted in external threats to Kalmyk Khanate at large.
Economic burden of complicated ureteral stent removal in patients with kidney stone disease in the USA
Authors: Ghani Khurshid R , Rojanasarot Sirikan , Cutone Ben , Bhattacharyya Samir K , Krambeck Amy E 
Published: October 2022

Aim:
To examine the medical costs of simple versus complicated ureteral stent removal.
Materials & methods:
We included adults with kidney stones undergoing simple or complicated cystoscopy-based stent removal (CBSR) post ureteroscopy from the 2014 to 2018 Merative™ MarketScan
®
Commercial Database. The medical costs of patients with complicated and simple CBSR were compared.
Results:
Among 16,682 patients, 2.8% had complicated CBSR. Medical costs for patients with complicated CBSR were higher than for simple CBSR ($2182 [USD] vs $1162; p < 0.0001). Increased stenting time, increased age, southern US geography and encrusted stent diagnoses were significantly associated with complicated CBSR.
Conclusion:
Complicated ureteral stent removal doubled the medical costs associated with CBSR. Ureteral stents with anti-encrustation qualities may reduce the need for complicated CBSR and associated costs.
Predictive value of complete blood count for early diagnosis of mixed infection of the non-erythema migrans form of Lyme borreliosis and tick-borne encephalitis
Authors: Ilyinskikh E. N. , Filatova E. N. , Bulankov Yu. I. , Nekrasov V. N. , Reshetova A. V. , Portnyagina E. V. , Aksyonov S. V. , Voronkova O. V. , Motlokhova E. A. , Ilyanova I. N. 
Published: October 2022

Objective: is to develop a model for early diagnosis of mixed infection of the non-erythema migrans form of Lyme borreliosis and tick-borne encephalitis using the assessment of the complete blood count and the blood leukocyte indices of patients in the first week of the disease.Materials and methods. The retrospective clinical study involved Group 1 of 27 patients with the mixed infection of the non-erythema migrans form of Lyme borreliosis and the febrile form of tick-borne encephalitis and Group 2 of 29 patients with the monoinfection of the non-erythema migrans form of Lyme borreliosis, who were hospitalized no later than in the 7th day of the disease. The average age of patients in Groups 1 and 2 was 50.6±3.4 and 49.9±2.3. We analyzed 14 parameters of the complete blood count as well as calculated the leukocyte intoxication index and the body resistance index. Statistical significance assessment was carried out using the chi-square test and ROC analysis. Logistic regression model was developed using STATISTICA 12.0 modules.Results. The levels of the band and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (<0,001 и p=0,002) and the leukocyte intoxication index (p<0,001) were significantly higher and the levels of the body resistance index (p<0.001), lymphocytes (p<0.001) and platelets (p=0.004) were lower in Group 1 than in Group 2. Informative predictors of mixed infection included the body resistance index (AUC=0.77), leukocyte intoxication index (AUC=0.75), the band and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (AUC=0.74), lymphocytes (AUC=0.77), and platelets (AUC=0.70). Logistic regression model has a “very good” predictive value (AUC=0.85) and include two parameters: body resistance index and platelets (×109/L).Conclusion. The developed model has a “very good” predictive value for early diagnosis of the mixed infection of the non-erythema migrans form of Lyme borreliosis and tickborne encephalitis before laboratory diagnosis confirmation.
Potensi Pengolahan Limbah Kulit Ketela Pohon Menjadi Makanan Gatot Untuk Peningkatan Ekonomi Desa Nglipar
Authors: Dewangga Dismas Persada 
Published: October 2022

Penulisan makalah ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi kepada penduduk Desa Nglipar mengenai sumber daya alam yang dimiliki desa dan juga potensi desa yang dapat dimanfaatkan menjadi sumber bahan pangan. Ketela Pohon menjadi sumber daya alam yang melimpah di Desa Nglipar dan dapat diolah menjadi sumber bahan pangan berupa gatot. Pengolahan ketela singkong menjadi gatot membutuhakn bantuan alam dan juga bantuan sederhana dari manusia. Alam dan manusia dapat memanfaatkan ketela singkong menjadi bahan pangan tanpa adanya dampak pencemaran lingkungan. Kemudian dalam penulisan makalah ini juga memberikan infromasi kepada penduduk Desa Nglipar bahwa ketela pohon juga dapat diolah menjadi keripik singkong yang diperoleh dari kulit singkong. Sehingga memanfaatkan ketela pohon tanpa meninggalkan sedikitpun limbah makanan. Tidak hanya ketela pohon yang dimili Desa Nglipar, termasuk palawija, jagung, padi, kacang tanah, kedelai yang termasusk sumber daya alam di Desa. Pemanfaatan sumber daya alam dengan baik dapat memberikan potensi penjualn yang baik dan membantu perkenonomian Desa dan masyarakat Desa Nglipar.
Kata Kunci— Ketela Pohon, Sumber Daya Alam
FAKTOR PENYEBAB TERJADINYA PERNIKAHAN DINI PADA PEREMPUAN
Authors: Hardianti Rima , Nurwati Nunung 
Published: October 2022

Manusia merupakan mahkluk yang setiap saat berinteraksi dengan manusia maupun makhluk lainnya. Dalam menjalani kehidupannya manusia akan selalu membutuhkan orang lain, manusia tidak dapat mencapai keinginannya oleh dirinya sendiri. Maka dari itu, disebutlah manusia sebagai makhluk sosial yang membutuhkan orang lain dan dibutuhkan oleh orang lain.Manusia saling membutuhkan dengan manusia lainnya tentunya dalam hal yang posistif. Salah satu manusia membutuhkan orang lain yaitu untuk menjadi pendamping hidupnya. Untuk mendukung keinginan mengembangkan keturunannya itu, tentunya melalui proses Pernikahan atau Perkawinan. Pernikahan adalah sebuah peristiwa hidup dimana terucapnya janji suci antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Di Indonesia, syarat seseorang bisa melakukan pernikahan yaitu apabila wanita sudah mencapai usia 16 (enam belas) tahun, sedangkan bagi laki-laki 19 (sembilan belas) tahun hal ini tercantum dalam undang-undang tentang Pernikahan. Pernikahan dini merupakan pernikahan yang dilakukan oleh sepasang remaja (laki-laki dan perempuan) yang masih berumur kurang dari 20 tahun dan belum matang secara fisik, fisiologis maupun psikologis. Pernikahan dini yang terjadi umunya dilakukan oleh remaja perempuan . Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Metode Kualitatif Studi Pustaka. Pernikahan dini yang terjadi pada perempuan disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, yaitu faktor budaya dan adat istiadat, faktor orangtua, faktor ekonomi, faktor pendidikan, dan faktor dari dalam diri individu. Pernikahan dini juga memberikan dampak, yakni dampak bagi individu yang melakukannya, dampak bagi keluarganya dan bagi masyarakat atau negara
PENANGANAN KEBIASAAN MEROKOK DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Salsabil Arik Anfasa , Santoso Meilanny Budiarti , Zainudiin Moch. 
Published: October 2022

Merokok dipandang sebagai kebiasaan yang sudah banyak dilakukan dan menjadi wajar untuk dilakukan terutama di kalangan remaja Indonesia. Ditengah pandemi ini merokok merupakan kebiasaan yang sangat berbahaya karena bisa memperburuk sistem kerja paru-paru dan membuat paru-paru menjadi lebih lemah untuk beroprasi. Kondisi tersebut dapat menurunkan fungsi paru-paru untuk mengambil oksigen dari udara. Hal ini dapat melemahkan sistem imun sehingga tubuh sulit untuk melawan virus Corona yang masuk. Dengan berhenti merokok orang bisa meningkatkan imunitas tubuh untuk memerangi Covid-19 ini. Dengan dilakukanya metode-metode seperti token ekonomi dan behavioral therapy yang efektif, diharapkan mampu untuk bisa membuat seseorang mengurangi bahkan berhenti dari kebiasaan merokok tersebut. Teknik pengambilan data tersebut diambil dari catatan deskriptif.
PENYALAHGUNAAN NAPZA DALAM DUNIA ENTERTAINMENT
Authors: Zahara Sofia , Fabiani Raden Roro Michelle , Zahra Y.W Tsaniya , Humaedi Sahadi 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRAKSaat ini, penyalahgunaan NAPZA di Indonesia meningkat dan menimbulkan permasalahan yang kompleks. Salah satunya, kalangan yang sedang disorot oleh masyarakat adalah selebriti. Hal tersebut disebabkan oleh adanya peningkatan pengguna narkotika di kalangan selebriti sebanyak 9% pada tahun 2019. Selebritis yang merupaka role model bagi masyarakat, tentunya harus dapat menjaga sikap dan nama baiknya dan harus memberikan contoh yang baik kepada masyarakat bukan memberikan contoh yan buruk yang dapat ditiru oleh masyarakat sehingga menyebabkan permasalahan sosial. Peredaran narkotika yang terjadi di kalangan selebriti dimulai dari golongan tertinggi hingga terendah dan harga narkotika tersebut bervariasi dimulai dari harga yang mahal dan murah. Maka dari itu, masyarakat maupun selebriti dapat dengan mudah mendapatkan dan mengkonsumsi obat-obatan terlarang tersebut. Tujuan dari penggunaan narkotika di kalangan selebriti tersebut adalah mengurangi rasa stress, kesedihan, kesepian, meningkatkan stamina dan meredakan emosi. Tetapi, penggunaan tersebut dapat menimbulkan adanya kecanduan. Dampak yang terjadi dalam penyalahgunaan narkotika dalam kalangan selebriti dapat memunculkan adanya stigma negative dan hilangnya pekerjaan pada selebriti tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan edukasi dan informasi bagi pembaca agar dapat mencerna informasi sebaik-baiknya untuk menentukan mana yang baik dan mana yang buruk dan mana yang patut untuk dicontoh sehingga tidak mnimbulkan permasalahan sosial di masyarakat. ABSTRACTCurrently, drug abuse in Indonesia is increasing and it creates complex problems. One of them, the circles that are being highlighted by the public are celebrities. This is due to an increase in drug users among celebrities by 9% in 2019. Celebrities who are role models for society, of course, must be able to maintain their attitudes and good names and must provide a good example to society, not provide bad examples that can be imitated. by society causing social problems. The circulation of narcotics that occurs among celebrities starts from the highest to the lowest classes and the prices of these narcotics vary from high to low. Therefore, people and celebrities can easily get and consume these illegal drugs. The purpose of using narcotics among these celebrities is to reduce stress, sadness, loneliness, increase stamina and reduce emotions. However, its use can lead to addiction. The impact that occurs in narcotics abuse among celebrities can lead to negative stigma and job losses for these celebrities. This study aims to provide education and information for readers in order to digest the information as well as possible to determine what is good and what is bad and which ones should be emulated so as not to cause social problems in society.