bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of a school-based nutrition education program on waist circumference and dietary behavior among overweight adolescents in Puducherry, India
Authors: Ponnambalam Sumathy , Palanisamy Soundararajan , Singaravelu Rajeswari , Arambakkam Janardhanan Hemamalini 
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND:
The influence of western lifestyle such as high-caloric dense food and sedentary lifestyle has a great influence on Indian children, and the current prevalence of childhood overweight in India ranges between 4% and 22%. The primary aim of the study was to determine the change in growth parameters (waist circumference) as well as dietary behaviors at baseline and at the end of first, third, sixth, and ninth months among overweight adolescent girls and boys following a school-based nutritional education program.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The study was conducted in 2019 in four urban schools at Puducherry which were randomly assigned to study and control groups by lottery method, and 140 overweight children aged 11–14 years were in the study group and 140 children were in the control group. Simple random sampling method was used to select the samples A nutrition education program highlighting the importance of balanced nutrition and the ill effects of obesity was imparted to students in the study group through a PowerPoint presentation. As a means of reinforcement, posters and pamphlets were distributed. The waist circumference and the mean calorie, protein, and fat intake were assessed at baseline and at the first, third, sixth, and ninth months and compared between groups using independent t test.

RESULTS:
There was a statistically significant reduction in waist circumference in the study group when compared to the control group at P < 0.05. A significant decrease in the calorie intake at P < 0.001 and fat intake at P < 0.01 was observed in the study group. The protein intake in the study group increased at the end of 9 months, which was significant at P < 0.001.

CONCLUSION:
School-based nutritional education program has been found to be a successful intervention in controlling unnecessary weight gain among overweight adolescents.
Psychometric evaluation of the Arabic version of the Perceived Stress Scale in clinical practicum
Authors: Ksiksou Jamal , Maskour Lhoussaine , Sfendla Anis , Alaoui Moulay Smail 
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND:
During clinical practicum, nursing students are subjected to stressors that can affect their well-being, academic performance, and technical skills. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the Perceived Stress Scale of Clinical Practicum (PSS-CP) in a sample of Moroccan nursing students.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
In this study, a translation and back-translation method and comparisons were made with the original version. The study population consisted of 215 nursing students. The construct validity of PSS-CP was measured using exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Convergent validity was demonstrated by correlation with the Arabic version of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). For reliability, Cronbach's alpha and test–re-test reliability (with a 10-day interval) were used. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics V. 23.0 (SPSS) and AMOS V.21.0 (SPSS) software.

RESULTS:
The results showed that the PSS-CP is a reliable and valid scale with good internal consistency and test–re-test reliability. In terms of convergent validity, the PSS-CP showed a positive and significant correlation with the DASS-21 scale items. The results of this study led to a two-factor model consisting of 29 items.

CONCLUSION:
The PSS-CP is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing clinical stressors among nursing students in Morocco.
A comparative study of the effects of multimedia training materials on mini CEX scores of internal medicine residents in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Shokrollahi Soheila , Ashrafi Farzaneh , Iraj Bijan , Omid Athar , Mansouri Vahid 
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND:Role of multimedia training materials on Mini-CEX scores of internal medicine residents. We aimed to assess the effect of multi multimedia training materials on Mini-CEX scores of internal medicine residents of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences.SETTINGS AND DESIGN:A quasi-experimental action research study on 1st, 2nd, and 3rd-year internal medicine residents were implemented.MATERIALS AND METHODS:The Mini-CEX test measures students' performance in six core skills necessary for medical practice. Mini-CEX scores of 135 internal medicine residents in 2017–2018 were compared before and after the training with prepared multimedia materials. We used repeated measured ANOVA and Mann–Whitney U test to compare the distribution of Mini-CEX scores across corresponding groups. Analysis was done using the SPSS software version 23 (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows. Armonk, NY, USA: IBM Corp).RESULTS:The median Mini-CEX score (IQR) of students in preintervention and postintervention groups were 16.14 (5.19) and 19.62 (3.13), respectively. Findings of this study showed a significant increase in mini-CEX scores of the groups who used the multimedia learning material compared to those who did not use it (P< 0.001).CONCLUSIONS:Multimedia learning resources demonstrated a promising influence on internal residents' mini-CEX scores in this study. They demonstrate significantly greater performance after using multimedia learning materials compared to their same-year residents who did not benefit from it. This demonstrates the favorable effect of multimedia on the acquisition of practical skills such as obtaining a history or performing a physical examination.
Study of Comparison of Acute Toxicities between Sequential Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy and Simultaneous Integrated Boost Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy in Head-and-Neck Cancers
Authors: Sequeira Lanisha Jolitha , Shankar Sharaschandra , Rao Sandesh B , Fernandes Donald , Jacob Tony , Krishnaraj H 
Published: November 2022

Purpose:
The purpose of this study is to assess and compare the acute toxicities between sequential intensity-modulated radiation therapy and simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) intensity-modulated radiation therapy in head-and-neck cancers using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 4.03.

Materials and Methods:
Patients with histologically proven squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck at the department of radiotherapy (RT), from December 2018 to July 2020, were taken up for this study. Patients were divided into sequential intensity-modulated RT (IMRT) arm and SIB-IMRT arm. Patients treated with sequential IMRT were treated so as to receive a total dose of 70 Gy in 35 fractions, 2 Gy/fractions, 5 fractions per week – 70 Gy in 35 fractions to the primary tumor, 66 Gy in 33 fractions to high-risk clinical target volume (CTV1), 60 Gy in 30 fractions to high-risk CTV2 and 50 Gy in 25 fractions to elective nodes/low-risk CTV3. Patients treated with SIB-IMRT were treated so as to receive a total dose of 66 Gy in 30 fractions – 2.2 Gy/fraction to gross tumor volume/PTV 66, 60 Gy in 30 fractions – 2.0 Gy/fraction to high-risk nodes (PTV 60), 54 Gy in 30 fractions – 1.8 Gy/fraction to elective nodes (PTV 54), respectively. Patients received concurrent chemotherapy with weekly injections cisplatin (35mg/m2) or injection carboplatin (AUC 2). Toxicities were assessed using CTCAE v 4.03.

Results:
Higher grades of radiation-induced dermatitis and mucositis were observed in patients in SIB-IMRT. No patients experienced Grade 4 toxicity. The results confirm that irradiation according to our SIB-IMRT protocol is a treatment option with acceptable toxicity.

Conclusion:
SIB-IMRT is feasible, although associated with increased rates of skin and mucosal toxicity.
Comparative efficacy and safety of glycopyrronium/formoterol fixed-dose combination versus glycopyrronium monotherapy in patients with moderate-to–severe COPD
Authors: Salvi Sundeep , Jain Manish K. , Krishnamurthy Srikanth , Balki Akash , Kodgule Rahul , Tandon Monika , Bhagat Sagar , Panchal Sagar , Khatri Nishtha , Wu Wen , Pendse Amol , Patil Saiprasad , Barkate Hanmant 
Published: November 2022

Background:
The safety and efficacy of fixed-dose combination (FDC) of glycopyrronium bromide 12.5 mg/formoterol fumarate 12 mg (GB/FF) twice daily as dry powder inhalers (DPIs) compared to glycopyrronium 50 mg monotherapy (GLY) once daily as DPI in subjects with moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were evaluated.

Methods:
This was a phase-3, randomized, double-blind, active-controlled, parallel-group, superiority study conducted in India. COPD patients aged ≥40 to ≤65 years, current or ex-smokers with FEV1/FVC <0.70, using ICS, LAMA, or LABA for ≥1 month were included. Subjects were randomized (1:1) to GB/FF or GLY for 12 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was the change from baseline in peak FEV1 at the end of 12 weeks. The study is registered with the Clinical Trials Registry of India (CTRI/2017/02/007814).

Results:
Between March 2017 and July 2018, 331 patients were enrolled and randomized into GB/FF FDC (165 patients) and GLY monotherapy (166 patients) groups. At week 12, the difference in change from baseline in the peak FEV1 for GB/FF DPI versus GLY was 0.115 L (SE = 0.02; 95% CI = 0.061, 0.170; P < 0.0001). Trough FEV1 increased significantly in the GB/FF group compared to the GLY group with a treatment difference of 0.078 L (SE = 0.02; 95% CI = 0.015, 0.14; P = 0.01). There were no significant differences in adverse events between the groups.

Conclusion:
FDC of GB/FF (12.5/12 mg twice daily) as a DPI provides superior bronchodilation and lung function improvement over GLY (50 mg once daily) monotherapy. It is safe and well tolerated in symptomatic COPD patients.
The diagnostic utility of ultrasound elastography to differentiate tuberculosis and sarcoidosis during endobronchial ultrasound–guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA)
Authors: Madan Manu , Mittal Saurabh , Tiwari Pawan , Hadda Vijay , Mohan Anant , Guleria Randeep , Pandey Ravindra M , Madan Karan 
Published: November 2022

Introduction:
Elastography is a non-invasive tool that may allow differentiation between benign and malignant lymph nodes during endobronchial ultrasound–guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA). In tuberculosis (TB) endemic areas, clinicoradiological features of mediastinal TB and sarcoidosis often overlap, rendering an accurate diagnosis challenging. There is interest in the identification of modalities to aid in this differentiation. There are currently no published data on the utility of EBUS-elastography in differentiating between TB and sarcoidosis.

Methods:
Subjects undergoing EBUS-TBNA were prospectively enrolled, and elastography features were observed. Subjects with definitive diagnosis of TB or sarcoidosis were enrolled. The elastography features recorded included the three-colour classification patterns and strain ratio.

Results:
We enrolled 96 subjects with a definitive diagnosis (53 with TB and 43 with sarcoidosis). Of the 27 patients in whom the lymph nodes were classified as type 1 on endobronchial ultrasound elastography colour pattern, 17 had a diagnosis of TB (62.9%), while 10 were sarcoidosis (37%). For type 2 lymph nodes, 20/45 (44.4%) were TB and 25/45 (55.6%) were sarcoidosis. Type 3 lymph nodes were TB in 16/24 (66.7%) and sarcoidosis in 8/24 (33.3%). In classifying type 1 as ‘sarcoidosis’ and Type 3 as ‘tubercular’, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and diagnostic accuracy were 48.5%, 55.6%, 66.7%, 37%, and 0.51, respectively. The strain ratio (Median [IQR]) was 1.29 (0.37–5.98) in TB and 2.10 (0.83–4.52) in sarcoidosis group (P = 0.48).

Conclusion:
Ultrasound elastographic lymph node characteristics have a poor diagnostic utility to differentiate between TB and sarcoidosis during EBUS-TBNA.
Prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among rural population
Authors: Haque Md Atiqul , Salwa Marium , Islam Mohammad Tanvir , Sultana Sarmin , Rahman Farhana , Ahmed Shamim , Khan Md Maruf Haque , Hossain AKM Mosharraf , Mamun Mohammad Abdullah Al , Bhuiyan Mahfuzur Rahman , Choudhury Sohel Reza 
Published: November 2022

Background:
In Bangladesh, there is a scarcity of nationally representative data on the burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods:
To estimate the COPD prevalence in rural settings, this cross-sectional, population-based study was conducted in all eight administrative divisions of Bangladesh, and involved adults aged 40 years and above. By using multi-stage random sampling, 2,458 individuals were enrolled. The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines were used to diagnose COPD based on post-bronchodilator lung function, while additional participant data was gathered through computer-assisted personal interviews.

Results:
A 2% COPD prevalence (95% CI: 1.45, 2.55) was found in the study sample with a statistically significant difference between males (2.7%; 95% CI: 1.8, 3.6) and females (1.2%; 95% CI: 0.59, 1.81). Increasing age significantly inflated the odds of having COPD irrespective of sex (OR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.05; P value < 0.05). Furthermore, prevalence of COPD was higher among manual workers, cigarette smokers, and those that used the indoor kitchen and did not have a primary education. Sex-based analysis showed that smokeless tobacco consumption was significantly associated with COPD occurrence among males (OR: 2.14; 95% CI: 1.05, 4.37; P value < 0.05), but not females. Further, using an indoor kitchen increased the odds of developing COPD by 400% among female participants (OR: 4.39; 95% CI: 1.37, 14.10; P value < 0.05).

Conclusion:
This study provides a comprehensive sex-based estimation of COPD prevalence among rural population and imparts significant contribution to the growing database on COPD prevalence in Bangladesh.
Aetiology, management, and outcome of lower respiratory tract infection in renal allograft recipients – A report from a tropical country
Authors: Jain Sakshi , Bhadauria Dharmendra , Prasad Raghunandan , Gurjar Mohan , Yaccha Monika , Shanmugham Sabrinath , Kaul Anupma , SK Rungmei Marak , Nath Alok , Prasad Narayan 
Published: November 2022

Introduction:
Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) among renal transplant recipients (RTRs) are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to analyse the aetiology, outcome, and risk factors associated with mortality.

Methods:
We analysed baseline transplant characteristics, symptoms, hospital course, laboratory, serological and microbial results, and their association with the outcome of all RTRs between January 2011 and December 2019.

Results:
A total of 206 LRTI patients out of 1051 RTRs were analysed. The incidence proportion was nearly 22 episodes per 1000 patients per year. The mean age was 39.3 years, with male predominance. Bacterial was the most common aetiology (53%), and staphylococcus was the most common species. Among the fungal causes (14%), 68% had aspergillus infection. More than one-third RTRs died during the hospital course mainly because of bacterial causes (42.6%). The aspergillus infection was the most common fungus associated with 50% mortality. On multi-variate analysis, sepsis, septic shock, and the need for mechanical ventilation independently predicted mortality.

Conclusion:
Bacterial aetiology was the most common cause; though the fungal aetiology was seen less, it was associated with higher mortality. Mortality in RTR with LRTI was associated with sepsis, septic shock, and the need for mechanical ventilation.
Epidemiology of Hypertension in the Prefecture of Figuig, Morocco
Authors: Rida E. , Soulaymani A. , Hami H. , Abdelrhani M. 
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND: Hypertension continues to be a public health problem with devastating consequences globally, particularly in developing countries where there is an acute paucity of hypertension data.The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, and treatment characteristics of hypertensive patients in the prefecture of Figuig, Morocco.
METHODS: Retrospective analysis of hypertensive patients’ medical records from 2010 to 2020. The diagnosis, treatments, and complications were reported by physicians and cardiologists. Data analysis was made according to epidemiological, clinical complications, and treatments. RESULTS: Hypertension progressed from 871 cases in 2010 to 1785 cases in 2020 with an average annual incidence rate of 105.56/100,000 person-year, affecting more women than men (68% vs 32%). Hypertension was higher among rural residents compared to urban residents (54.0%vs 46%). Hypertension was noted in 65.4 % of patients aged 60+, and in 30.49% of patients aged 40-59. The incidence proportion of clinical complications is Ipcomplications=18.35/1000 person- year, principally cardiovascular diseases (45.42%), stroke (25.55%), retinopathy (17.98%) and nephropathy (10.41%). The most antihypertensive drugs used were Calcium channel blockers (33.39%), Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (21.13%), Angiotensin receptors blockers (21.21%), diuretics (19.4%), beta-blockers (5.38%) and central antihypertensive (10.46%) with an average coverage needs of treatments in the prefecture as (47.29%).
CONCLUSION: Hypertension progresses gradually in the prefecture, higher among older individuals, women and rural residents. Large proportion of patients cannot find their treatments in health care structures which lead to poor blood pressure control, accelerating the appearance of complications.
MỐI QUAN HỆ GIỮA VỐN CON NGƯỜI, TIÊU THỤ NĂNG LƯỢNG, PHÁT THẢI KHÍ CO2 VÀ TĂNG TRƯỞNG KINH TẾ Ở VIỆT NAM.
Authors: Hiễn Nguyễn Đăng 
Published: November 2022

Nghiên cứu này nhằm tìm hiểu mối quan hệ giữa vốn con người, tiêu thụ năng lượng, phát thải khí CO2 và tăng trưởng kinh tế ở Việt Nam. Dữ liệu của nghiên cứu được thu thập từ Ngân hàng thế giới (World Bank), chương trình phát triển liên hợp quốc (UNDP) và cơ quan năng lượng quốc tế (IEA) trong giai đoạn 1990 – 2018. Nghiên cứu sử dụng phương pháp véc tơ hiệu chỉnh sai số (VECM) cùng với kiểm định nhân quả Granger. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy vốn con người có quan hệ nhân quả trong ngắn hạn và dài hạn đối với tiêu thụ năng lượng và tăng trưởng kinh tế ở Việt Nam. Tăng trưởng kinh tế có quan hệ nhân quả tích cực trong cả ngắn hạn và dài hạn với tiêu thụ năng lượng và quan hệ tiêu cực với phát thải CO2 ở Việt Nam. Cuối cùng, nghiên cứu không đủ bằng chứng để kết luận tác động nhân quả trong ngắn hạn và dài hạn giữa phát thải CO2, tiêu thụ năng lượng và tăng trưởng kinh tế ở Việt Nam.
Abstract: This study aims to understand the relationship between human capital, energy consumption, CO2 emissions, and economic growth in Vietnam. The data of the study were collected from the World Bank, the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), and the International Energy Agency (IEA) in the period 1990 – 2018. The study uses the methodology vector error correction model (VECM) with Granger causality test. Research results show that human capital has a short- and long-term causal relationship to energy consumption and economic growth in Vietnam. Economic growth has a positive causal relationship in both the short and long term with energy consumption and a negative relationship with CO2 emissions in Vietnam. Finally, the study does not have enough evidence to conclude short- and long-term causality between CO2 emissions, energy consumption and economic growth in Vietnam.
Tác động của trách nhiệm xã hội nội bộ (iCSR) đến cam kết của nhân viên: Nghiên cứu tại các chuỗi bán lẻ khu vực phía Nam
Authors: Loan Vân Thị Hồng , Trọng Ngô Liêm Phước , Linh Phạm Trần Tuấn 
Published: November 2022

Tóm tắt: Bài báo này trình bày nghiên cứu tác động của trách nhiệm xã hội nội bộ (iCSR) đến niềm tin và cam kết của nhân viên tại các chuỗi bán lẻ ở khu vực phía Nam. Nghiên cứu sử dụng phương pháp định tính và định lượng. Nghiên cứu định tính bằng cách thảo luận trực tiếp với 5 chuyên gia trong ngành kinh doanh chuỗi bán lẻ tại thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, Cần Thơ và An Giang. Kết quả nghiên cứu định tính xác nhận 48 thang đo được điều chỉnh từ ngữ và 3 thang đo được bổ sung vào. Nghiên cứu định lượng được thực hiện bằng cách khảo sát trực tiếp và trực tuyến 338 người lao động ở 10 doanh nghiệp kinh doanh chuỗi bán lẻ khu vực phía Nam. Nghiên cứu sử dụng thống kê mô tả, kiểm định thang đo, phân tích EFA, kiểm định CFA, kiểm định SEM bằng phần mềm SPSS và AMOS. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy iCSR tác động cùng chiều đến niềm tin và niềm tin tác động cùng chiều đến cam kết của nhân viên.
ABSTRACT
The paper presents a study of the impact of internal corporate social responsibility (iCSR) on employees’ trust and commitment in Southern regional retail chains. The research used qualitative and quantitative methods. In terms of qualitative one, the research used discussions of 5 experts in retail chains to adjust the model and scale. Quantitative research was conducted by using on-site and online surveys of 338 employees in 10 retail companies in the South of Vietnam. The research used descriptive statistics, scale test, EFA analysis, CFA test, SEM test through SPSS and AMOS software. Research results show that iCSR has a positive impact on organizational trust, and then on employees’ commitment.
PHÁP LUẬT VỀ NGOẠI LỆ QUYỀN TÁC GIẢ QUA SAO CHÉP, TRÍCH DẪN VÀ GỢI Ý CHO VIỆT NAM
Authors: Phúc Phạm Hoàng 
Published: November 2022

TÓM TẮT: Luật sửa đổi, bổ sung một số điều của Luật sở hữu trí tuệ năm 2022 vừa được thông qua. Có nhiều quy định mới phù hợp với bối cảnh hội nhập thế giới và thực tiễn xã hội Việt Nam. Trong đó, các trường hợp ngoại lệ không xâm phạm quyền tác giả đối với hành vi sao chép, trích dẫn tác phẩm có nhiều thay đổi dành cho học viên, sinh viên. Bài viết này sử dụng các phương pháp: lịch sử, so sánh luật học, phân tích tổng hợp nhằm khái quát về hành vi sao chép, trích dẫn và các trường hợp ngoại lệ quyền tác giả qua hành vi sao chép, trích dẫn tác phẩm; đối chiếu các quy định của pháp luật quốc tế và đưa ra kinh nghiệm cho Việt Nam; phân tích một số bất cập trong thực tiễn áp dụng pháp luật ở Việt Nam đã qua; từ đó đưa ra một số giải pháp gợi ý cho pháp luật Việt Nam.
ABSTRACT: The Law amending and supplementing a number of articles of the Law on Intellectual Property in 2022 has just been passed. There are many new regulations suitable for the context of world integration and Vietnamese social practices. In particular, exceptions do not infringe copyright for the act of copying and citing works with many changes for graduate students, students. This article uses the following methods: history, comparative jurisprudence, meta-analysis to generalize about the act of copying, quoting and copyright exceptions on copying, quoting works; collating the provisions of international law and give experience for Vietnam; analyze some inadequacies in the practice of applying law in Vietnam in the past; then give some suggested solutions for Vietnamese law.