bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Potential on the Electrical Conductivity of a Solution within a Crevice of Stainless Steel in High-Temperature Water
Authors: Soma Y. , Komatsu A. , Kato C. 
Published: April 2022

This study investigates the effects of potential [electrochemical corrosion potential (ECP)] on the water chemistry within a crevice of stainless steel in 288°C water containing Cl− major anionic impurities. In situ measurements of the electrical conductivity of a solution within a 15-μm-gap crevice (σcrev) were conducted using small sensors installed at different crevice depths. The ECP at the external surface of the crevice specimen (Eext) was controlled by the dissolved oxygen concentration in the bulk water. An increase in Eext from approximately −0.49 VSHE (vs. a standard hydrogen electrode at 288°C) to −0.12 V resulted in an increase in σcrev from 12 μS/cm to 160.3 μS/cm at 21 mm from the crevice mouth. Finite element model analysis taking into account the electrochemical reaction quantitatively reproduced this behavior. Cl− was considered to be the major anionic species transported into the crevice in this potential range. A further increase in Eext up to 0.3 V led to a decline in σcrev. An increase in the flux of oxidizing (O2 and and alkalizing species (OH−) into the crevice was considered the cause of this behavior.
How often the right-power ablation is equal to the high-power ablation during the pulmonary veins isolation under temperature control. Does the learning curve matter?
Authors: Koźluk Edward , Rogala Karolina , Rodkiewicz Dariusz , Piątkowska Agnieszka , Walczewski Michał , Opolski Grzegorz 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionThe energy applied under temperature control(TC) has more predictable effect than the one applied under power control. The currently introduced cooled-tip DiamondTemp catheter(DT) restores the ability to adjust RF-power to the temperature at the electrode-tissue interface. It also enables high-power(HP) ablation procedures.
Our aim: to assess how often ablation with TC at 50W nominal setting meets HP ablation criteria. We analyzed the influence of the learning curve on the results.Material and methodsThe course of 3350 applications performed using DT in 20pts (14M, age 55+13years) with atrial fibrillation/left atrial flutter were analyzed. 24 applications with 1-2sec duration were excluded. Average (Pavg), minimal (Pmin), maximal (Pmax) power were evaluated. The percentage of applications >45 and >50W(Pmin >49W) was assessed.ResultsFrom 3326 applications with the duration >2s only 1430(43%) were between 3-10sec (excellent catheter/muscle contact). There is insignificant trend to increase the percentage of short applications during the learning curve (p=0,054). Pmin >45, >49 or >50W was recorded during 3130(94.1%), 2963(89,1%) and 98(1,1%) applications, respectively. Pavg 45 or 50W was recorded during 3230(97.1%) and 2700 (81.2%) applications, Pmax during 3296 (99.1%) and 3269 (98.3%) applications. The percentage of applications with Pavg and Pmin >45/>50(49)W (but not Pmax) significantly decreased during the procedures in the second subgroup of patients.ConclusionsPmax seems to not be a good criterion for classification of application as HP. Most TC applications performed with the DT meet the criteria for HP ablation. The learning curve impacts on the percentage of HP applications.
Small prenatal diameter of the ascending aorta is associated with increased mortality risk in neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
Authors: Krekora Michał , Sokołowski Łukasz , Murlewska Julia , Zych-Krekora Katarzyna , Słodki Maciej , Grzesiak Mariusz , Gulczyńska Ewa , Maroszyńska Iwona , Respondek-Liberska Maria 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionThe aim of this study was to evaluate if selected prenatal markers obtainded from fetal echocardiography can predict postnatal outcome in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) patients. We also aimed to verify the prognostic value of lung-to-head ratio (LHR).Material and methodsThe study group included 29 fetuses with CDH. We analyzed potentially prognostic parameters measured using fetal echocardiography and fetal ultrasound. The assessed parameters were compared between the group of patients with CDH who survived to discharge (n=21) and the subset of patients who died before discharge from hospital (n=8).ResultsIn survivors, mean z-score for ascending aorta (AAo) diameter was 0.23 ± 0.98 vs – 1.82 ± 1.04 in patients who died (t-test, p=0.0015).
In survivors, the main pulmonary artery/ascending aorta ratio was 1.22 ± 0.17 vs 1.46 ± 0.21 in patients who died (t-test, p=0.017).
In survivors, the LHR was 1.81 ± 0.96 vs 0.95 ± 0.6 in patients who died (t-test, p=0.019).
In survivors, the observed to expected LHR was 57% ± 30% vs 30% ± 18% in patients who died (t-test, p=0.018).ConclusionsNarrowing of the ascending aorta in CDH fetuses is a poor prognostic factor associated with increased mortality in neonates. Our study also confirmed the prognostic value of LHR.
A sinalização da Universidade CEUMA: Um estudo e análise a partir dos princípios do design de sinalização
Authors: Guilhon David , Costa Valbert Moraes 
Published: April 2022

O propósito desse trabalho, voltado para a área do Design de Sinalização, foi a realização da análise da sinalização da Universidade CEUMA do campus Renascença, da cidade de São Luís no estado do Maranhão. Adotou-se a metodologia de D’Agostini (2010), que identifica os problemas por meio da construção e aplicação de uma análise da tarefa, conforme Moraes e Mont’Alvão (2009), com os frequentadores do local. Assim, os 30 participantes apontaram problemas graves na sinalização da universidade, realçando a dificuldade de encontrar o destino desejado (83,33%), o baixo nível de clareza das informações (56,37%), da qualidade das placas (63,33%) e do entendimento da informação fornecida pela sinalização (60%); além do esforço para ler as placas (86,67%), ausência de símbolos (40%) e baixa qualidade da sinalização (53,33%). Tais resultados apontam a necessidade de um redesign na sinalização que considere os pressupostos do wayfinding, pautados nos usuários e no ambiente construído.
Experiência do usuário e design de interação:
Authors: Marques Paes Vanessa , Polimeno Claudia , Soares Souza Cora , Priscila de Sousa Costa Jessica , Maciel de Andrade Renata , Gaspar Ricardo 
Published: April 2022

Com os avanços da era digital, entre os quais a internet das coisas e inteligência artificial, os termos experiência do usuário e design de interação têm sido muito utilizados. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar as tendências de uso das terminologias “experiência do usuário” e “design de interação” por autores acadêmicos, analisando os elementos mais relevantes, como quantidades, tendências, origens, autores e palavras-chave, na elaboração de artigos acadêmicos nas áreas de inovação e design. Este artigo apresenta uma análise bibliométrica dos termos: experiência do usuário (UX – sigla em inglês) e design de interação (IxD – sigla em inglês) usadas em áreas de estudos como: Design, Inteligência Artificial e Ciências Sociais Aplicadas. O termo “experiência do usuário” reúne os elementos conceituais da experiência do usuário em produto-funcionalidade e produto-informação, enquanto o termo “design de interação” abrange de forma mais específica as interações entre ser humano e produto. A coleta de dados contempla artigos publicados entre 2010 e 2020 e para a realização do estudo foi utilizado o software Bibliometrix. Por meio desta análise foram identificadas as tendências de publicações ao longo dos últimos dez anos, a ocorrência e relação entre as palavras-chave, as publicações mais citadas e os países que mais utilizaram tais terminologias em publicações acadêmicas.
Utilización de recursos educativos en ambientes virtuales de aprendizaje, en las unidades educativas del norte del Cantón Puerto - Quito
Authors: Hurtado Sotalín Diego Mauricio , Nazareno Arteaga Ilci Monserrate , Leyva-Méndez Alan Eduardo 
Published: April 2022

Mediante Acuerdo Ministerial Nro. MINEDUC-MINEDUC-2020-00020-A en el que se dispone que durante el periodo de suspensión de clase, las instituciones educativas podrán utilizar las plataformas virtuales de aprendizaje gratuitas, con el fin de mejorar la calidad de educación y como estrategias complementarias, pone a disposición, recursos educativos virtuales, que permitan a los estudiantes de los diferentes niveles educativos, mejorar la calidad de los aprendizajes, conocer la efectividad del uso de recursos educativos, en ambientes virtuales de aprendizaje como apoyo en el momento de desarrollar sus clases, para mejorar la calidad de los procesos pedagógicos, es el propósito del presente trabajo de investigación, para esto partimos de un diagnóstico del sector motivo de estudio, para continuar con la obtención de información tanto bibliográficos como de la fuente, por medio de la aplicación de una encuesta, esta información fue analizada y comparada con los datos de Organismos Nacionales e Internacionales. Lo cual nos permitió llegar a la conclusión de que el uso de ambientes virtuales de aprendizaje, fue una estrategia efectiva, que logro minimizar, la suspensión de clases presenciales, estrategia que dependió en gran medida del grado de conocimiento y manejo de los docentes, una de las principales ventajas que brindan estas plataformas educativas son los recursos que dispone y que sirvió de apoyo para desarrollar los procesos pedagógicos, recursos que se encuentran disponibles en los ambientes virtuales de aprendizaje, tanto para docentes y estudiantes, convirtiéndose en una fortaleza en el momento de dinamizar sus clases, más del 88% de docentes conocen y utilizan los recursos educativos.
Brief communication: Introducing rainfall thresholds for landslide triggering based on artificial neural networks
Authors: Distefano Pierpaolo , Peres David J. , Scandura Pietro , Cancelliere Antonino 
Published: April 2022

Abstract. In this communication we show how the use of artificial neural networks (ANNs) can improve the performance of the rainfall thresholds for landslide early warning. Results for Sicily (Italy) show how performance of a traditional rainfall event duration and depth power law threshold, yielding a true skill statistic (TSS) of 0.50, can be improved by ANNs (TSS = 0.59). Then we show how ANNs allow other variables to be easily added, like peak rainfall intensity, with a further performance
improvement (TSS = 0.66). This may stimulate more research on the use of this powerful tool for deriving landslide early warning thresholds.
Seismic physics-based characterization of permafrost sites using surface waves
Authors: Liu Hongwei , Maghoul Pooneh , Shalaby Ahmed 
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The adverse effects of climate warming on the built environment in (sub-)arctic regions are unprecedented and accelerating. The planning and design of climate-resilient northern infrastructure, as well as predicting deterioration of permafrost from climate model simulations, require characterizing permafrost sites accurately and efficiently. Here, we propose a novel algorithm for the analysis of surface waves to quantitatively estimate the physical and mechanical properties of a permafrost site. We show the existence of two types of Rayleigh waves (R1 and R2; R1 travels faster than R2). The R2 wave velocity is highly sensitive to the physical properties (e.g., unfrozen water content, ice content, and porosity) of active and frozen permafrost layers, while it is less sensitive to their mechanical properties (e.g., shear modulus and bulk modulus). The R1 wave velocity, on the other hand, depends strongly on the soil type and mechanical properties of permafrost or soil layers. In situ surface wave measurements revealed the experimental dispersion relations of both types of Rayleigh waves from which relevant properties of a permafrost site can be derived by means of our proposed hybrid inverse and multiphase poromechanical approach. Our study demonstrates the potential of surface wave techniques coupled with our proposed data-processing algorithm to characterize a permafrost site more accurately. Our proposed technique can be used in early detection and warning systems to monitor infrastructure impacted by permafrost-related geohazards and to detect the presence of layers vulnerable to permafrost carbon feedback and emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.
RANS modeling of a single wind turbine wake in the unstable surface layer
Authors: Baungaard Mads , van der Laan Maarten Paul , Kelly Mark 
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Unstable atmospheric conditions are often observed during the daytime over land and for significant periods offshore and are hence relevant for wake studies. A simple k–ε RANS turbulence model for simulation of wind turbine wakes in the unstable surface layer is presented, which is based on Monin–Obukhov similarity theory (MOST). The turbulence model parametrizes buoyant production of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) without the use of an active temperature equation, and flow balance is ensured throughout the domain by modifications of the turbulence transport equations. Large eddy simulations and experimental data from the literature are used for validation of the model.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM KONSUMEN E- COMMERCE DALAM JASA LAYANAN PENGANGKUTAN BARANG
Authors: Safitri Wahyuni , Izziyana Wafda Vivid 
Published: April 2022

Perlindungan hukum pada konsumen e-commerce dalam jasa layanan pengangkutan barang diatur pada Undang-Undang No. 8 Tahun 1999 Tentang Perlindungan Konsumen atas kewajiban dan tanggung jawabnya. Jika terdapat konsumen e-commerce mengalami kerugian atau kehilangan barang maka sebagai bentuk perlindungan hukumnya bisa menempuh upaya hukum melalui Badan Penyelesaian Sengketa Konsumen. Kejadian yang tidak diharapkan dalam pelaksanaan e- commerce dalam jasa layanan pengangkutan barang itu bisa terjadi karena kesengajaan dan ketidaksengajaan. Upaya ini mampu menyelesaikan permasalahan dengan waktu yang relatif cepat, hemat, serta kerahasiaan konsumen terjamin. Jika dalam upaya tersebut melalui jalur non litigasi tidak berhasil diselesaikan, maka dapat dilakukan upaya penyelesaian melalui litigasi atau melalui pengadilan.
empirical investigation in analysing the critical factors of performance appraisal system in enhancing employee capability in select ITES companies in India using structural equation model (SEM) analysis
Authors: Rahman J Abdul , Krishnapriya V. , Guru P 
Published: April 2022

This study is mainly related in analysing the main determinants of performance appraisal system in enhancing the capabilities of the employees. In India, the ITES industries employ nearly 4.4 million and it accounts for 8% of India’s GDP. Hence, it is highly critical for the management to apprehend the overall performance of the employees so that they can contribute effectively of organisational growth and nation development. The performance appraisal system is stated as the systematic analysis of the progress of the employees based on the agreed objectives. Companies uses many appraisal methods like Management by objectives, 360-degree feedback etc. so as to understand the progress of the employees on different parameters. Through the effective performance appraisal system, the employees can focus on their key skills, harness their fullest potential and thereby enhance their capabilities.
The study uses both primary and secondary data sources, the researchers has used questionnaire method in order to collect the data from the respondents, the major analysis used are demographic analysis, correlation analysis, T test and Structural equation model. The analysis reveals that the critical determinants considered in the study possess stronger influence in enhancing employee capabilities in the ITES industry.
GC-MS analysis of bioactive phytochemicals of gum exudates of Mangifera indica. linn.
Authors: Mercija J. , Nevaditha N. T. 
Published: April 2022

The aim of this study was to verify the potential of Mangifera indica gum (MIG) as a bioactive agent. Plant gum was collected from the bark of Mangifera indica and was, purified and characterized with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography (GC) analyses. Purified gum was tested for its antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory. IR and GC analyses of gum showed the presence of several types of bioactive components in Mangifera indica gum. The gum showed potent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (63%) and Enterococcus faecalis (58%). The antioxidant activity of MOG was investigated by 2,2- diphenyl 2- picryl hydrazyl hydrate (DPPH) radical scavenging and the MIG shows good activity when compared with the standard ascorbic acid. The anti-inflammatory activity of the MIG was estimated by the bovine serum albumin denaturation (BSA)method and showed significant activity against the standard drug. The anti-diabetic activity of the MIG was determined by the dinitro salicylic acid (DNSA)method displayed significant anti-diabetic activity. These findings confirmed that MIG has a potential source for the formulation of new therapeutic drugs.
The Catholic Way: The Catholic Diocese of Dallas and Desegregation, 1945–1971
Authors: Newman Mark 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Neglected in the many studies of Dallas, Bishop Thomas K. Gorman and Catholic religious orders that staffed schools and churches in the Diocese of Dallas led the way in desegregation and achieved peaceful change ahead of secular institutions. Gorman and religious orders formulated, supported, and implemented desegregation policies without fanfare or publicity that might divide Catholics and arouse segregationist opposition from within and/or outside the Church's ranks. Black Catholics were far from quiescent and made important contributions to secular desegregation. In September 1955, two African American Catholics enrolled in Jesuit High, a boys’ school, making it the only desegregated school in Dallas. George Allen, the father of one of the boys, subsequently worked behind the scenes to negotiate desegregation of the city's buses and other public accommodations. Another African American lay Catholic, Clarence A. Laws, organized and led civil rights protests in the city as the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People's Southwest regional director. White sisters also contributed to racial change. Even before the US Supreme Court ruled public school segregation unconstitutional in Brown v. Board of Education in May 1954, the Sisters of St. Mary of Namur, without publicity, admitted African Americans to a white girls’ school, Our Lady of Victory, in Fort Worth, making it the first desegregated school in the city. However, residential segregation and white flight limited integration of Catholic schools and churches, and Catholic school desegregation largely involved the closure of black schools.
In Pursuit of “Equality of Opportunity”: Ernesto and Karla Galarza Challenge School Segregation, Washington, DC, 1947
Authors: García David G. , Yosso Tara J. , Santos Ryan E. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This article examines the case of Karla Galarza v. Washington, DC Board of Education. On April 3, 1947, Karla Galarza refused to accept the board's directive to withdraw from the Black segregated Margaret Murray Washington Vocational School. Her father, Dr. Ernesto Galarza, supported her decision and worked to challenge the expulsion, and the system of segregation, as unconstitutional. The authors analyze materials from regional and national archives, oral accounts, legal documents, and personal collections, focusing on Dr. Galarza's voice in over one hundred pages of correspondence. Dr. Galarza brought together an interracial legal team, including Charles Hamilton Houston, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, the American Civil Liberties Union, the American Jewish Congress, and the National Lawyers Guild. Dr. Galarza lauded the pedagogy of a Black teacher and the pluralism cultivated in a Black school community as evidence of democracy in action. The legal team proposed that Karla's expulsion constituted a violation of the Fifth Amendment, naming education as a property right. However, after extensive research and discussion across ten months, the organizations determined they should not pursue the case in court. The authors assert that this attempted legal intervention is an unnamed forerunner in the attack on Plessy v. Ferguson and complicates previous narratives of the long struggle to end school segregation.
Ethnic Student Radicalism and Activism: The Chicana/o Studies Movement at the University of Washington, 1968–1980
Authors: Moreno José G. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This article examines the historical and political rise and decline of the University of Washington (UW) Chicana/o Studies Movement (CSM) between the years of 1968 and 1980. It argues that the CSM emerged in part due to the growth of local Chicana / o community radicalism and activism throughout the Pacific Northwest. Section one investigates student activism and radicalism on the UW campus. The second section critically analyzes the political struggles and academic landscape of the CSM on the Seattle campus. Finally, it examines the political and ideological struggles that forced UW's Chicana/o studies and other ethnic studies disciplines to merge into a single American ethnic studies department.
A Community Divided: The Ho Lawsuit and Chinese San Franciscans’ Search for Education Equality and Racial Inclusion
Authors: Zou Hao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The Brian Ho lawsuit in the 1990s, brought about by several school children of Chinese descent in the San Francisco United School District against the school district, state defendants, and the San Francisco NAACP, signified a shift in the understanding of education equality that spotlighted divergent views, motivations, and actions concerning race-conscious education policies among Chinese San Franciscans. This article examines the intra-community dynamics and conflicts in Chinese San Franciscans’ pursuit of education rights and racial equality in the 1980s and 1990s by reconstructing their various claims to education equality. These divergent yet analogous struggles for equal educational opportunities reflected varied racial attitudes and conceptions of Chinese American racial identity. What these disparate racial perceptions and identity conceptions embodied fundamentally was a range of arguments for racial inclusion and equality. The contrast and contradictions between these distinct views persisted, reemerging in Chinese Americans’ continued apprehension of their racial identity in the wake of the renewed debate about race-based education policies that was juxtaposed with the rising racial hatred toward Asian Americans during the COVID-19 pandemic.
عزل واختبار كفاءة كل من بكتيريا Azotobacter وبكتيريا Burkholderia المعزولتين محلياً من الترب الليبية في تثبيت النتروجين الجوي
Authors: بن محمود ميرفت الطاهر , الفرجاني إيمان علي 
Published: April 2022

أجريت هذه التجربة في معمل الأحياء الدقيقة، قسم التربة، كلية الزراعة ، جامعة طرابلس لغرض اختبار كفاءة بكتيريا Azotobacter وBurkholderia المعزولة محلياً من الترب الليبية في تثبيت النتروجين الجوي، وتضمنت التجربة عزل، واختبار بكتيريا Azotobacter وBurkholderia من ترب منطقة جذور لنباتات مختلفة جلبت من مدينة طرابلس وضواحيها إذ تم الحصول على 10عزلات نتيجة لعمل تخافيف لهذه الترب، وُدرست الصفات الكيموحيوية، والمورفولوجية، والمجهرية لهما، بينت النتائج أن جميع العزلات تعود للنوعين من AzotobacterوBurkholderia وأن أعداد بكتيرياAzotobacter توجد بوفرة في منطقة جذور(منطقة رايزوسفير) بعض النباتات المستخدمة في البحث، وقد تراوحت أعدادها ما بين×6.1 - 310 ×1.95 ) 1010) /cfuجم تربة، كذلك تراوحت كمية النتروجين المثبتة من قبل بكتيريا Azotobacter ما بين ( 18.50 - 6.8( ملجم/ لتر،أما بكتيريا Burkholderia فقد تراوحت أعدادها ما بين (9.4 × 810 - 1.5 × 310)/cfu جم تربة، وتراوحت كمية النتروجين المثبتة ما بين ( 15.50 -5.38( ملجم/ لتر، وتبين أيضا أن هناك فروقا معنوية بين بكتيريا Azotobacter، وBurkholderia من حيث أعدادها، وقدرتها على تثبيت النيتروجين الجوي، وبهذا يمكن استخدام الجنسين في برامج التسميد الحيوي في الترب الليبية.