bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of acute pancreatitis complications using routine blood parameters during early admission
Authors: Chen Xiubing , Ning Jing , Li Qing , Kuang Wenxi , Jiang Haixing , Qin Shanyu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere have been many reports on biomarkers for predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis (AP), but few studies on biomarkers for predicting complications; some simple and inexpensive indicators, in particular, are worth exploring.MethodsWe retrospectively collected clinical data of 809 AP patients, including medical history and results of routine blood tests, and grouped them according to the occurrence of complications. Differences in clinical characteristics between groups with and without complications were compared using t‐test or χ2 test. Receiver operating curve (ROC) and area under the curve were calculated to evaluate the ability of predicting the occurrence of complications for the routine blood parameters with statistical differences. Then, through univariate and multivariate analyses, independent risk factors closely associated with complications were identified. Finally, we built a three‐parameter prediction system and evaluated its ability to predict AP complications.ResultsCompared with the group without complications, the patients in the complication group had higher white blood cells, neutrophils, C‐reactive protein, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and lower red blood cells and hemoglobin (Hb) (all p < .05), and most of them had severe pancreatitis. In addition, pseudocysts were more common in patients with alcoholic etiology, recurrence, low BMI, and high platelet (PLT) and plateletocrit. Acute respiratory failure was more common in patients with first onset and high mean PLT volume (MPV). Sepsis was more common in patients with lipogenic etiology, high MPV, and low lymphocytes. Infectious pancreatic necrosis was more common in patients with alcoholic etiology. Acute renal failure was more common in patients with monocytes and high MPV and low PLT. Multivariate analysis showed that PLT and ESR were risk factors for pseudocyst development. The ROC showed that the combination of Hb, PLT and ESR had a significantly higher predictive ability for pseudocyst than the single parameter.ConclusionRoutine blood parameters can be used to predict the complications of AP. A predictive model combining ESR, PLT, and Hb may be an effective tool for identifying pseudocysts in AP patients.
Construction and analysis of expression profile of exosomal lncRNAs in pleural effusion in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Huang Xiaolu , Zhou Huixin , Yang Xiang , Shi Wenjing , Hu Lijuan , Wang Junjun , Zhang Fan , Shao Fanggui , Zhang Meijuan , Jiang Feng , Wang Yumin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundLung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a highly malignant tumor with a very low five‐year survival rate. In this study, we aimed to identify differentially expressed long‐chain non‐coding RNA (lncRNAs) and mRNAs from benign and malignant pleural effusion exosomes.MethodsWe used gene microassay and quantitative real‐time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) to detect and verify differentially expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs in benign and malignant pleural effusion exosomes. Gene Ontology (GO) functional significance and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway significance enrichment analyses were performed to identify the difference in biological processes and functions between different mRNAs. We selected the lncRNA ZBED5‐AS1 with an upregulated differential fold of 3.003 and conducted a preliminary study on its cellular function.ResultsGene microassay results revealed that 177 differentially expressed lncRNAs were upregulated, and 215 were downregulated. The top 10 upregulated were FMN1, AL118505.1, LINC00452, AL109811.2, CATG00000040683.1, AC137932.1, AC008619.1, AL450344.1, AC092718.6, and ZBED5‐AS1. The top 10 downregulated were TEX41, G067726, JAZF1‐AS1, AC027328.1, AL445645.1, AL022345.4, AC008572.1, AC123777.1, AC093714.1, and PHKG1. For the mRNAs, 79 were upregulated, and 123 were notably downregulated. GO analysis revealed that the upregulated differential mRNAs were mainly involved in “cellular response to acidic pH” (biological processes), “endoplasmic reticulum part” (cellular components), and “at DNA binding, cyclase activity” (molecular functions). KEGG pathways were found to be related to V. cholerae infection, Parkinson's disease, and cell adhesion molecules. RT‐qPCR showed that ZBED5‐AS1 was highly expressed in LUAD tissues, cells, and benign and malignant pleural fluid exosomes. Overexpression of ZBED5‐AS1 could significantly promote the proliferation, migration, invasion, and colony formation of LUAD cells, and knockdown had the opposite consequence.ConclusionThe pleural effusion exosomes from patients with LUAD include several improperly expressed genes, and lncRNA‐ZBED5‐AS1 is a new biomarker that aids in our understanding of the occurrence and progression of LUAD.
High‐pitch, high temporal resolution, multi‐energy cardiac imaging on a dual‐source photon‐counting‐detector CT
Authors: Ahmed Zaki , Campeau David , Gong Hao , Rajendran Kishore , Rajiah Prabhakar , McCollough Cynthia , Leng Shuai 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo measure the accuracy of material decomposition using a dual‐source photon‐counting‐detector (DS‐PCD) CT operated in the high‐pitch helical scanning mode and compare the results against dual‐source energy‐integrating‐detector (DS‐EID) CT, which requires use of a low‐pitch value in dual‐energy mode.MethodsA DS‐PCD CT and a DS‐EID CT were used to scan a cardiac motion phantom consisting of a 3‐mm diameter iodine cylinder. Iodine maps were reconstructed using DS‐PCD in high‐pitch mode and DS‐EID in low‐pitch mode. Image‐based circularity, diameter, and iodine concentration of the iodine cylinder were calculated and compared between the two scanners. With institutional review board approval, in vivo exams were performed with the DS‐PCD CT in high‐pitch mode. Images were qualitatively compared against patients with similar heart rates that were scanned with DS‐EID CT in low‐pitch dual‐energy mode.ResultsOn iodine maps, the mean circularity was 0.97 ± 0.02 with DS‐PCD in high‐pitch mode and 0.95 ± 0.06 with DS‐EID in low‐pitch mode. The mean diameter was 2.9 ± 0.2 mm with DS‐PCD and 3.1 ± 0.2 mm with DS‐EID, both of which are close to the 3 mm ground truth. For DS‐PCD, the mean iodine concentration was 9.6 ± 0.8 mg/ml and this was consistent with the 9.4 ± 0.6 mg/ml value obtained with the cardiac motion disabled. For DS‐EID, the concentration was 12.7 ± 1.2 mg/ml with motion enabled and 11.7 ± 0.5 mg/ml disabled. The background noise in the iodine maps was 15.1 HU with DS‐PCD and 14.4 HU with DS‐EID, whereas the volume CT dose index (CTDIvol) was 3 mGy with DS‐PCD and 11 mGy with DS‐EID. On comparison of six patients (three on PCD, three on EID) with similar heart rates, DS‐PCD provided iodine maps with well‐defined coronaries even at a high heart rate of 86 beats per minute. Meanwhile, there were substantial motion artifacts in iodine maps obtained with DS‐EID for patients with similar heart rates.ConclusionIn a cardiac motion phantom, DS‐PCD CT can perform accurate material decomposition in high‐pitch mode, providing iodine maps with excellent geometric accuracy and robustness to motion at approximately 38% of the dose for similar noise as DS‐EID CT.
Dedicated cone‐beam breast CT: Data acquisition strategies based on projection angle‐dependent normalized glandular dose coefficients
Authors: Tseng Hsin Wu , Karellas Andrew , Vedantham Srinivasan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundDedicated cone‐beam breast computed tomography (CBBCT) using short‐scan acquisition is being actively investigated to potentially reduce the radiation dose to the breast. This would require determining the optimal x‐ray source trajectory for such short‐scan acquisition.PurposeTo quantify the projection angle‐dependent normalized glandular dose coefficient () in CBBCT, referred to as angular , so that the x‐ray ray source trajectory that minimizes the radiation dose to the breast for short‐scan acquisition can be determined.Materials and MethodsA cohort of 75 CBBCT clinical datasets was segmented and used to generate three breast models – (I) patient‐specific breast with heterogeneous fibroglandular tissue distribution and real breast shape, (II) patient‐specific breast shape with homogeneous tissue distribution and matched fibroglandular weight fraction, and (III) homogeneous semi‐ellipsoidal breast with patient‐specific breast dimensions and matched fibroglandular weight fraction, which corresponds to the breast model used in current radiation dosimetry protocols. For each clinical dataset, the angular was obtained at 10 discrete angles, spaced 36° apart, for full‐scan, circular, x‐ray source trajectory from Monte Carlo simulations. Model III is used for validating the Monte Carlo simulation results. Models II and III are used to determine if breast shape contributes to the observed trends in angular . A geometry‐based theory in conjunction with center‐of‐mass () based distribution analysis is used to explain the projection angle‐dependent variation in angular .ResultsThe theoretical model predicted that the angular will follow a sinusoidal pattern and the amplitude of the sinusoid increases when the center‐of‐mass of fibroglandular tissue () is farther from the center‐of‐mass of the breast (). It also predicted that the angular will be minimized at x‐ray source positions complementary to the . The was superior to the in 80% (60/75) of the breasts. From Monte Carlo simulations and for homogeneous breasts (models II and III), the deviation in breast shape from a semi‐ellipsoid had minimal effect on angular and showed less than 4% variation. From Monte Carlo simulations and for model I, as predicted by our theory, the angular followed a sinusoidal pattern with maxima and minima at x‐ray source positions superior and inferior to the breast, respectively. For model I, the projection angle‐dependent variation in angular was 16.4%.ConclusionThe heterogeneous tissue distribution affected the angular more than the breast shape. For model I, the angular was lowest when the x‐ray source was inferior to the breast. Hence, for short‐scan CBBCT acquisition with aligned with axis‐of‐rotation, an x‐ray source trajectory inferior to the breast is preferable and such an acquisition spanning 205° can potentially reduce the mean glandular dose by up to 52%.
Microstructure‐based effective stress for unsaturated frozen soils
Authors: Yin Xiao , Lai Yuanming , Liu Enlong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCurrent knowledge on unsaturated soils suggests that the effective stress should be related to soil microstructures, by which the immobile water attached to the soil solid in micropores and the free water mainly governed by capillary effects in relatively large pores can be distinguished. Paying attention to this knowledge, the micro‐ and macroscopic degrees of saturation to separate micro‐ and macropores occupied by the equivalent water (ice and liquid water) are used and the microstructurally based effective stress for unsaturated frozen soils is proposed using the first law of thermodynamics and the mixture theory. The formulated effective stress considers morphological and mechanical differences of ice in two porosity scales, and can reduce to familiar forms under various assumptions for both frozen–unfrozen and saturated–unsaturated states. Regarding the mixture of microscopic ice and soil particles as the solid skeleton, the elastic bulk modulus of the solid matrix for frozen soils in the regime of compressible solids has also been derived. In addition, other emerging energy‐conjugate pairs have been identified and the second law of thermodynamics is employed to obtain the dissipation inequality in the regime of inelastic deformation for unsaturated frozen soils. The theoretical work presented in this paper could provide an important insight into mechanical constitutive study for unsaturated (saturated) frozen soils in cold regions engineering.
Lymphoma‐associated mutations in autoreactive memory B cells of patients with Sjögren's syndrome
Authors: Bende Richard J , Slot Linda M , Kwakkenbos Mark J , Wormhoudt Thera AM , Jongejan Aldo , Verstappen Gwenny M , van Kampen Antoine CM , Guikema Jeroen EJ , Kroese Frans GM , van Noesel Carel JM 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe recently demonstrated that normal memory B lymphocytes carry a substantial number of de novo mutations in the genome. Here, we performed exome‐wide somatic mutation analyses of bona fide autoreactive rheumatoid factor (RF)‐expressing memory B cells retrieved from patients with Sjӧgren's syndrome (SS). The amount and repertoire of the de novo exome mutations of RF B cells were found to be essentially different from those detected in healthy donor memory B cells. In contrast to the mutation spectra of normal B cells, which appeared random and non‐selected, the mutations of the RF B cells were greater in number and enriched for mutations in genes also found mutated in B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphomas. During the study, one of the SS patients developed a diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) out of an RF clone that was identified 2 years earlier in an inflamed salivary gland biopsy. The successive oncogenic events in the RF precursor clone and the DLBCL were assessed. In conclusion, our findings of enhanced and selected genomic damage in growth‐regulating genes in RF memory B cells of SS patients together with the documented transformation of an RF‐precursor clone into DLBCL provide unique novel insight into the earliest stages of B‐cell derailment and lymphomagenesis. © 2022 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Crosslinking modification of poly(arylene ether nitriles) (PEN) based on the synergistic polymerization of aromatic methylene and mono‐cyano
Authors: Hong Jinlang , He Xian , Zhu Zhengzhu , Pu Yu , Zeng Ke , Yang Gang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn order to improve the heat‐resistance of poly(arylene ether nitriles) (PEN), a novel mono‐cyano crosslinking strategy—heat‐induced synergistic polymerization of aromatic methylene and mono‐cyano is proposed and applied in the PEN system. A self‐crosslinkable PEN containing aromatic methylene moieties (PEN‐F) is synthesized by a simple solution polycondensation. PEN‐F can significantly crosslink during relatively mild heat treatment at 300–325°C without any catalyst, transferring from thermoplastic polymers to thermosetting polymers. XRD, FTIR, TGA, DSC and DMA are applied to evaluate the crystallinity, structural evolution and thermal properties of PEN‐F before and after crosslinking. The results suggest that the uncured PEN‐F is amorphous and soluble in some common solvents (THF, DMAc, NMP, etc.). After curing, the heat and solvent resistance of PEN‐F improve remarkably. Especially, the resulting crosslinked product PEN‐F‐325 exhibits a high glass transition temperature (Tg) value of 320°C measured by DMA, increased by 148°C compared to uncured PEN‐F (Tg = 172°C), potentially applicable for high temperature services.
Structural, electronic, and nonlinear optical properties of small silver clusters doped graphyne and pyrazine‐modified graphyne: A computational and comparative study
Authors: Hou Na , Fang Xiao‐Hui , Liu Ting‐Ting 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe electronic and second‐order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of small Agnclusters (n = 1 to 3) doped graphyne (GY) and pyrazine‐modified graphyne (pyGY) have been investigated employing (time‐dependent) density functional theory calculations. A large triangular hole of GY provides an efficient site to accommodate the Agncluster, and an Ag atom prefers to be located in the center of the pyGY, interacting with the two pyridine N atoms. The silver clusters have strong interactions with GY/pyGY, and the intramolecular charge transfer is significant for determining NLO properties. The first hyperpolarizability (β0) values can be modulated by the introduction of silver clusters. The results show that the second‐order NLO response of Ag2/Ag3doped pyGY complex is stronger than that of corresponding Ag2/Ag3doped GY complex, while theβ0for single Ag doped GY is significantly higher than that of Ag@pyGY. Hence, the NLO responses of these complexes depend on the size of the clusters and the type of nanosheets. All complexes exhibit excellent transparency in the deep ultraviolet region, especially Ag3@GY/pyGY. These results suggest that these Agnclusters doped GY/pyGY are excellent candidates for potential applications in optical devices.
Secondary Anti‐Solvent Treatment for Efficient 2D Dion–Jacobson Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Jin Lu , Ren Ningyu , Wang Pengyang , Li Renjie , Xue Qifan , Huang Fei , Zhang Xiaobo , Zhao Ying , Zhang Xiaodan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSurface defects‐mediated nonradiative recombination plays a critical role in the performance and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and surface post‐treatment is widely used for efficient PSCs. However, the commonly used surface passivation strategies are one‐off and the passivation defect ability is limited, which can only solve part of the defects in the topmost surface area. Here, a secondary anti‐solvent strategy is proposed to further reduce surface defects based on conventional surface passivation for the first time. Based on this, the crystallization quality of 2D Dion–Jacobson perovskite is enhanced and the surface defects density is further reduced by nearly two orders. In addition, a gradient structure of perovskite with n = 2 phases located at the top of the film and 3D‐like phases located at the bottom of the film can also be obtained. The modulated perovskite film boosts the efficiency of 2D perovskites (n = 5) up to 19.55%. This strategy is also very useful in other anti‐solvent processed perovskite dipping systems, which paves a promising avenue for minimizing surface defects toward highly efficient perovskite devices.
Celestial amplitudes as AdS-Witten diagrams
Authors: Casali Eduardo , Melton Walker , Strominger Andrew 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Both celestial and momentum space amplitudes in four dimensions are beset by divergences resulting from spacetime translation and sometimes scale invariance. In this paper we consider a (linearized) marginal deformation of the celestial CFT for Yang-Mills theory which preserves 2D conformal invariance but breaks both spacetime translation and scale invariance and involves a chirally coupled massive scalar. The resulting MHV celestial amplitudes are completely finite (apart from the usual soft and collinear divergences and isolated poles in the sum of the weights) and take the canonical CFT form. Moreover, we show they can be simply rewritten in terms of AdS3-Witten contact diagrams which evaluate to the well-known D-functions, thereby forging a direct connection between flat and AdS holography.
Superpotentials from singular divisors
Authors: Gendler Naomi , Kim Manki , McAllister Liam , Moritz Jakob , Stillman Mike 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We study Euclidean D3-branes wrapping divisors D in Calabi-Yau orientifold compactifications of type IIB string theory. Witten’s counting of fermion zero modes in terms of the cohomology of the structure sheaf $$ {\mathcal{O}}_D $$

O
D

applies when D is smooth, but we argue that effective divisors of Calabi-Yau threefolds typically have singularities along rational curves. We generalize the counting of fermion zero modes to such singular divisors, in terms of the cohomology of the structure sheaf $$ {\mathcal{O}}_{\overline{D}} $$

O

D
¯

of the normalization$$ \overline{D} $$

D
¯

of D. We establish this by detailing compactifications in which the singularities can be unwound by passing through flop transitions, giving a physical incarnation of the normalization process. Analytically continuing the superpotential through the flops, we find that singular divisors whose normalizations are rigid can contribute to the superpotential: specifically, $$ {h}_{+}^{\bullet}\left({\mathcal{O}}_{\overline{D}}\right)=\left(1,0,0\right) $$

h
+
•

O

D
¯

=

1
0
0

and $$ {h}_{-}^{\bullet}\left({\mathcal{O}}_{\overline{D}}\right)=\left(0,0,0\right) $$

h
−
•

O

D
¯

=

0
0
0

give a sufficient condition for a contribution. The examples that we present feature infinitely many isomorphic geometric phases, with corresponding infinite-order monodromy groups Γ. We use the action of Γ on effective divisors to determine the exact effective cones, which have infinitely many generators. The resulting nonperturbative superpotentials are Jacobi theta functions, whose modular symmetries suggest the existence of strong-weak coupling dualities involving inversion of divisor volumes.
Deformation behavior in tube bending: a comparative study of compression bending and rotary draw bending
Authors: Tronvoll Sigmund A. , Ma Jun , Welo Torgeir 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAs the first study in the field regarding CB, this paper investigates the implications of interchanging between RDB and CB through manufacturing bends with various angles and investigates the difference between the two methods in form of springback, cross section compression and widening, cross section shape and wall thinning/thickening. The experiments conducted consists of aluminum alloy 6060-T4 round tubes of 60 mm diameter and 3 mm wall thickness, bent around 222 mm radius tooling with various bend angles. In this case, we have found that CB is capable of manufacturing bends with quality near those manufactured by RDB with less springback, however with a dimensional penalty regarding increased deformation of the cross section.