bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of long-term dietary zinc oxide nanoparticle on liver function, deposition and absorption of trace minerals in intrauterine growth retardation pigs
Authors: Zhou Binbin , Li Jian , Zhang Jiaqi , Liu huijuan , Chen Shun , He Yudan , Wang Tian , Wang Chao 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
To investigate the long-term effects of dietary zinc oxide nanoparticle (Nano-ZnO) on the relative organ weight, liver function, deposition and absorption of trace minerals in intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) pigs, piglets were allocated to NBW (6 normal birth weight piglets fed basal diets), IUGR (6 IUGR piglets fed basal diets) and IUGR + NZ (6 IUGR piglets fed basal diets + 600 mg Zn/kg from Nano-ZnO) groups at weaning (21 days of age), which were sampled at 163 days of age. There were no noteworthy changes in the relative weight of organs, hepatic histomorphology, serum alkaline phosphatase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase and glutamic oxalacetic transaminase activities, and Mn, Cu and Fe concentrations in leg muscle, liver, tibia and feces among the IUGR, NBW and IUGR + ZN groups (P > 0.05), and no intact Nano-ZnO in the jejunum, liver and muscle were observed, while dietary Nano-ZnO increased the Zn concentrations in tibia, liver, serum and feces (P < 0.05), and mRNA expression of metallothionein (MT) 1A, MT2A, solute carrier family 39 member (ZIP) 4, ZIP14, ZIP8, divalent metal transporter 1, solute carrier family 30 member (ZnT) 1, ZnT4 and metal regulatory transcription factor 1, and ZIP8 protein expression in jejunal mucosa (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemistry showed that dietary Nano-ZnO increased the relative optical density intensity of ZIP8 (mainly expressed in cells of brush border) and MT2A (mainly expressed in villus lamina propria and glands/crypt) (P < 0.05). In conclusion, long-term dietary Nano-ZnO showed no obvious side-effects on the development of the major organs, liver function and metabolism of Cu, Fe and Mn in IUGR pigs, while it increased the Zn absorption and deposition via enhancing the expression of transporters (MT, ZIP and ZnT families) in jejunum, rather than via endocytosis as the form of intact nanoparticles.
Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of bacterial pathogens in two tertiary care hospitals in Damascus, Syria: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Abdelwahed Rawan N. K. , Jassem Manaf , Kakaje Ameer , Kharat Mohammed , Alkhoury Michael , Kanaan Mohammad 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Antibiotics resistance is a major concern as it renders antibiotics ineffective, which would have disastrous effects on patient care. The contribution of the Middle Eastern countries in limiting antimicrobial resistance is diminished due to instability and deteriorating healthcare infrastructure. This study aims to report on the antimicrobial resistance pattern in two tertiary care hospitals in Damascus, the capital of Syria in bloods, sputum, urine and others.
Methods
A cross-sectional study based on reports of bacterial cultures was performed between April and November in 2020 in microbiology labs of Damascus Hospital and Al-Razi Hospital. Identification of bacteria was performed using standard microbiological procedures. Susceptibility testing was performed using disk diffusion method. Interpretation of the results was done according to the guidelines of the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute. Data were analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences version 26.
Results
412 cultures were positive for pathogens. Most frequently isolated pathogens were Enterobacter, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli. Enterobacter was completely sensitive to doripenem and cefoperazone-sulbactam. The resistance rates of Staphylococcus aureus to vancomycin and linezolid were 23.5% and 24.5%, respectively. Escherichia coli was resistant to ciprofloxacin in 72.4% of samples. Klebsiella pneumonia had shown various resistance rates to all used antibiotics. Females had significantly higher frequency of Escherichia coli, Enterobacter, and Klebsiella pneumoniae in urine samples, while males had significantly higher frequency of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis.
Conclusions
This study highlighted the high prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in Damascus Hospital and Al-Razi Hospital, two of major hospitals in Damascus. The decreasing potency of antimicrobials is concerning and may require urgent interventions, such as effective surveillance, development of national guidelines for prescribing antibiotics to treat common infections, and awareness campaigns in the community.
Residual malaria transmission in central-western Senegal: role and bionomics of the local populations of Anopheles arabiensis and Anopheles melas
Authors: SY Ousmane , Sarr Pape , Assogba Benoit , Nourdine Mouhamed , Ndiaye Assane , Konaté Lassana , Faye Ousmane , Donnelly Martin Jemes , Gaye Oumar , Weatman David , Niang Elhadji Amadou 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Understanding the behavior and ecology of local malaria vectors is essential for the effectiveness of the commonly used vector-targeted malaria control tools in areas of low malaria transmission. This study was conducted to determine species composition, biting behavior and infectivity of the major Anophelesvectors of Plasmodium falciparum in low transmission settings in central western Senegal.
Methods
Adult mosquitoes were collected using human landing catches (HLCs) during two consecutive nights and Pyrethrum Spray Catches (PSCs) in 30 to 40 randomly selected rooms, from July 2017 to December 2018 in three villages. Anopheline mosquitoes were morphologically identified using conventional keys; their reproductive status assessed by ovary dissections, and a sub-sample of An. gambiae s.l. were identified to species level using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Plasmodium sporozoite infections were detected using real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR).
Results
During this study 3684 Anopheles were collected of which 97% were An. gambiae s.l., 0.6% were Anopheles funestus and 2.4% were Anopheles pharoensis. Molecular identification of 1877 An. gambiae s.l. revealed a predominance of An. arabiensis (68.7%), followed by An. melas (28.8%) and An. coluzzii (2.1%). The overall human biting rate of An. gambiae s.l. was highest in the inland site of Keur Martin with 4.92 bites per person per night, while it was similar in the deltaic site, Diofior (0.51) and the coastal site, Mbine Coly (0.67). Parity rates were similar in An. arabiensis (45%) and An. melas (42%). Sporozoite infections were detected in both An. arabiensis and An. melas with the respective infection rates of 1.39% (N=8) and 0.41% (N=1).
Conclusion
Results suggest that low residual malaria in central western Senegal is transmitted by An. arabiensis and An. melas. Consequently, both vectors will need to be targeted as part of malaria elimination efforts in this area of Senegal.
Sentiment Analysis On Current Political Topics In Pakistan’s Twitter User Bases
Authors: Ibupoto Naeem Ahmed , Rasheed Zeeshan , Ashraf Shahzad 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A micro-blogging social media offers a way to the people around the world to show their sentiments about any political, social and cultural issue of the time. In this paper, sentimental analysis approach has been used to analyse the positive and negative comments of Pakistani people about some top trending political issues of Pakistan between Januarys to July 2018. The collected data was processed by using Python program with the help of SQL query and database. We have used graphs and tables to present the data, collected under five hashtags; which were top trending political topics of that time. Results were analysed and compared with the present situation and the results were then presented with outcomes after analysis. It is clear from the results and comparison that social media has a strong influence in the present era and can be used as a predictor of any political situation prevailing in the country.
Analysis of Surrogate-Assisted Information-Geometric Optimization Algorithms
Authors: Akimoto Youhei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Surrogate functions are often employed to reduce the number of objective function evaluations in a continuous optimization. However, their effects have seldom been investigated theoretically. This paper analyzes the effect of a surrogate function in the information-geometric optimization (IGO) framework, which includes as an algorithm instance a variant of the covariance matrix adaptation evolution strategy---a state-of-the-art solver for black-box continuous optimization. We derive a sufficient condition on the surrogate function for the parameter update in the IGO algorithms to point to a descent direction of the objective function expected over the search distribution. The condition is expressed in terms of three measures of correlation between the objective function and the surrogate function. Our result constitutes a partial justification for the use of a surrogate function in IGO algorithms.
COVID-19: Clinical Assessment, And Prognosis
Authors: Obeid Alaa , Jib Iman Abou , Daher Nizar 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
When COVID-19 first appeared in December 2019, it quickly spread to become a pandemic. It is a member of the coronavirus family of viruses, which has previously been responsible for a few attacks. The development of preventative and management methods during the early phases of this pandemic was greatly aided by information derived from earlier studies on the etiology and epidemiology of other viruses belonging to this family. Additionally, the general Syrian population already has a number of comorbidities as a result of a poor healthcare system and difficult economic situations, which might have a negative impact on the treatment of COVID-19-infected individuals.
Methods
A retrospective study was conducted at Damascus Hospital to assess the most important clinical symptoms and prognostic markers for COVID-19 patients between the middle and end of 2021. The chi-square test was employed to investigate the association between illness outcome and research factors. The threshold for statistical significance was set at P 0.05.
Results
The gender split among the 127 COVID-19 patients was 54% men and 46% women. 31% of patients were between the ages of 61 and 70, making up the majority. Diabetes and high blood pressure were present in 41% and 60% of the patients, respectively. Dyspnea, tiredness, coughing, and severe heat were all experienced by 86% of the patients. Acute respiratory failure caused 64% of deaths, whereas 23% of deaths were due to cardiac and respiratory arrest. A statistically significant correlation between COVID-19 results and clinical symptoms and laboratory results was found (P 0.05).
Conclusion
The results of the study indicated that the main cause of death in Covid 19 is either due to acute respiratory failure or to cardiac and respiratory arrest. Patients with comorbidities were more likely to develop disease, and some laboratory tests could predict disease progression and death: creatinine, urea, and hepatic parameters could be used as indicators of disease progression.
CitoLIMS: a tool for managing laboratory data for academic laboratory
Authors: Damasceno Jullian Gabriel , Carvalho Gleyson Francisco da Silva , Nascimento Amom Mendes do , Vieira Lucas Liro , Almeida Vanessa Tavares , de Oliveira Yanca Gasparini , Kulikowski Leslie Domenici 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The diversity of techniques used in an academic research laboratory generates a range of raw data with different formats and information that can exceed 1 gigabyte or terabyte per processing performed. Thus, laboratories need to seek efficient solutions for the management, analysis and curation of your data. The CitoLIMS tool was developed in-house to meet this specific demand and facilitate the secure management of data or analytics published within the scope of academic research in the healthcare field.
The effect of Shoulder Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation with Scapular Stability Exercises on pain, range of motion and function in Adhesive capsulitis –A case study
Authors: Malpani Kalyani , Mungikar Sanket , Katage Goutami 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
-Adhesive capsulitis is a nonspecific chronic inflammatory reaction of tissues in the Glenohumeral joint which causes synovial thickening. This Thickening results in limited range of motion (ROM) most commonly seen in Shoulder abduction and external rotation. The onset can be insidious or occur after an injury.
Aim
-The purpose of this case report is to describe proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation with scapular stabilization exercise Interventions on pain, range and function for a patient with adhesive capsulitis. Case Description:-The patient was a 50-year-old right-handed male who presented with left Shoulder pain and limited range of motion (ROM) The diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis was determined following mechanism of Injury, past medical history, and physical therapy examination and evaluation. Intervention:-The patient was seen for a total of 12 physical therapy sessions over the Span of 3 weeks. Interventions included a proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation, Scapular stabilization exercise including Scapular clock exercise,shoulder sling exercise and Lawnmower exercise .Outcome measures included ROM measurements, pain Ratings, the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI)
Conclusion
-Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation with Scapular stability exercise were found to be effective interventions for a patient with adhesive capsulitis.
A Shortcut in Bayesian Application
Authors: Wang Jin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
For a well-established class of medical products, when a similar or improved version of a product in the class has been developed, to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the new product, the Bayesian approach is gaining popularity to save resource and reduce trial duration by leveraging highly relevant external data. However, the Bayesian approach can appear daunting to practitioners, including statisticians without sufficient exposure to the Bayesian methodology. Instead of using the typical modeling approach to borrow evidence from external data, this paper proposes to quantify the effective sample size from the external data first and then combine the effective portion of the external data with the current trial data through a Bayesian scheme. Guided by the fundamental principles of the central limit theorem and sufficient statistics, the proposed method provides a shortcut to assess and implement the Bayesian methodology in a transparent and generalized fashion. For two selected case studies, the proposed method generates comparable analysis results with those from the typical modeling approaches.
The relationship between Lipoprotein(a) and risk of cardiovascular disease: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Authors: Wang Shiyue , Zha Li , Chen Jian , Du Dongjie , Liu Danyang , Zhong Ming , Shang Rongfang , Sun Dongxue , Sun Chang , Jin Enze 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Lipoprotein(a)[ Lp(a) ] is one of the residual risk factors for cardiovascular disease(CVD) in the setting of optimal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). The association between Lp(a) and CVD is still in the exploratory phase, with few studies indicating a causal connection between Lp(a) and various CVD.
Methods: Lp(a) (n=377590) was a genome-wide association study(GWAS) based on European populations from Neale Lab. Large GWAS datasets for CVD, including aortic aneurysm(AA)(n=209,366), atrial fibrillation(AF) (n=1,030,836), coronary heart disease(CHD) (n=361,194), secondary hypertension(HBP) (n=164,147), heart failure(HF) (n=208,178), ischemic stroke (IS) (n=218,792), large artery atherosclerosis stroke(ISL) (n=150, 765), small vessel stroke(ISS) (n=198048), lacunar stroke(LIS) (n=225419), and pulmonary embolism(PE) (n=218413) were also based on European populations. We performed separate univariate two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR) analysis for Lp(a) andCVD as described above. We evaluated this connection mainly using the random-effects inverse-variance weighted technique(IVW1) with a 95% confidence interval(CI) for the odds ratio (OR). This was supplemented by MR-Egger, Weighted median, Maximum likelihood, Penalised weighted median, and fixed-effects Inverse variance weighted methods. MR-PRESSO offers another means of statistical detection.
Results: Our two-sample MR, which was predominately based on IVW1, revealed a causal relationship between Lp(a) and AA (OR=1.005,95%CI: 1.001-1.010, P=0.009), CHD (OR= 1.003,95%CI: 1.001-1.004, P=0.010), and ISL (OR= 1.003,9 5%CI: 1.002-1.004, P=9.50E-11), in addition, there is no causal association with AF, HBP, HF, IS, ISS, LIS, or PE. Similar conclusions were reached by the MR-PRESSO method.
Conclusion: This MR study suggested a causal relationship between Lp(a) and CHD, AA, and ISL, but not associated with AF, HF, IS, LIS, ISS, HBP, or PE. Our work further verifies the association between Lp(a) and various CVD, resulting in improved Lp(a) management and a reduction in the prevalence of CVD.
De lluvias y desastres
Authors: García López Jhosiel Manuel 
Published: September 2022

Reseña del libro: Rodríguez Esteves, Juan Manuel. (2021). De lluvias y desastres: un modelo para manejar el riesgo en Tijuana, Baja California. El Colegio de la Frontera Norte.
La obra aborda la construcción social del riesgo de desastres en Tijuana, Baja California, a través de un análisis transversal sobre los principales factores que han generado escenarios de riesgo ante lluvias e inundaciones en la ciudad. El autor realiza un recuento sobre los enfoques y modelos explicativos para entender el riesgo y los principales desastres en la ciudad derivados por las lluvias extremas e inundaciones, recabando información empírica proveniente del testimonio de actores locales. Finaliza la obra con algunas recomendaciones por parte del autor para la gestión del riesgo de desastre en Tijuana.
Code-Switching Automatic Speech Recognition for Nursing Record Documentation: System Development and Evaluation
Authors: Hou Shih-Yen , Wu Ya-Lun , Chen Kai-Ching , Chang Ting-An , Hsu Yi-Min , Chuang Su-Jung , Chang Ying , Hsu Kai-Cheng 
Published: September 2022

Background
Taiwan has insufficient nursing resources due to the high turnover rate of health care providers. Therefore, reducing the heavy workload of these employees is essential. Herein, speech transcription, which has various potential clinical applications, was employed for the documentation of nursing records. The requirement of including only one speaker per transcription facilitated data collection and system development. Moreover, authorization from patients was unnecessary.

Objective
The aim of this study was to construct a speech recognition system for nursing records such that health care providers can complete nursing records without typing or with only a few edits.

Methods
Nursing records in Taiwan are mainly written in Mandarin, with technical terms and abbreviations presented in both Mandarin and English. Therefore, the training set consisted of English code-switching information. Next, transfer learning (TL) and meta-TL (MTL) methods, which perform favorably in code-switching scenarios, were applied.

Results
As of September 2021, the China Medical University Hospital Artificial Intelligence Speech (CMaiSpeech) data set was established by manually annotating approximately 100 hours of recordings from 525 speakers. The word error rate (WER) of the benchmark model of syllable-based TL was 29.54% in code-switching. The WER of the proposed model of syllable-based MTL was 22.20% in code-switching. The test set comprised 17,247 words. Moreover, in a clinical case, the proposed model of syllable-based MTL yielded a WER of 31.06% in code-switching. The clinical test set contained 1159 words.

Conclusions
This paper has two main contributions. First, the CMaiSpeech data set—a Mandarin-English corpus—has been established. Health care providers in Taiwan are often compelled to use a mixture of Mandarin and English in nursing records. Second, an automatic speech recognition system for nursing record document conversion was proposed. The proposed system can shorten the work handover time and further reduce the workload of health care providers.
The Benefits of an Open-Science Approach in Student Research Projects
Authors: MacKenzie Emma , Anderson Felicity 
Published: September 2022

Student projects can sometimes be overlooked when considering open science methods. This is perhaps because of the limited time available to complete the project, a lack of confidence in their open research skills by supervision staff or students, and lower expectations of publications resulting from student project work (particularly at undergraduate level). However, open science methods add value to student projects and provide benefits on several levels.
This talk describes from both the student and supervisor perspectives how open science can benefit student projects - from methods to management - using recent undergraduate projects as an example. We give a brief description of the concept of open science as we understand it and discuss the general benefits of an open science approach to research.
The Edward Wallace lab (School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh) has run several student projects working with and extending the open source software tool 'riboviz' to process and analyse ribosome profiling sequencing datasets. This collaborative project worked with experts in the UK and USA and aimed to add new features and capabilities to riboviz, thoroughly documenting the software, and successfully using it to analyse a diverse range of datasets from organisms across the tree of life.
Student projects recreated existing published results using riboviz, developed new visualisation scripts, and added new optional features to the codebase to address specific research questions.
This talk discusses how both the student project and the riboviz project fit into open science research, covering how open science tools were used to plan, manage and carry out an open science project and the challenges these presented. For example, as this was a computer-based project, we discuss the tools and skills needed by the students to successfully complete the project, including programming skills (Unix command-line, R, Python) and version control (using Git and GitHub) and the open resources used to learn and develop these skills.
Open software tools such as version control are also explained in the context of student supervision and project management (for example how to use GitHub issue tickets for identifying and quickly solving project problems remotely), and for writing collaborative manuscripts (such as the recently published riboviz 2 paper and open science article).
Our experiences provide a strong case study for successful open science approaches in student projects and clear evidence of their long-term benefits to students, supervisors and wider lab groups. We highlight our "top takeaways" aimed at students, day-to-day supervisors, and PIs and demonstrate how others can take the same approach.