bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental health status among non-medical college students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Zhanjiang city
Authors: Deng Xiaojun , Zhang Huiting 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objectives: The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has brought great changes to people's lifestyles. Previous reports implied that college students are more vulnerable to mental disorders. We aimed to evaluate the mental status of non-medical college students during the outbreak of COVID-19 in Zhanjiang city. Methods: 1083 non-medical college students aged 18-25 years old were enrolled in this study. An online survey was applied to collect demographic data. Sleep quality, anxiety and depression symptoms were analyzed by pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), hamilton depression rating scale-17 (HDRS-17) and self rating anxiety scale (SAS), respectively. Results: There are 93.2% students had good sleep quality, 6.8% students had poor sleep quality. There are 97.4% students had no anxiety, 1.86%, 0.37% and 0.37% students had mild, moderate and severe anxiety, respectively. 66.9% students had no depression, 26.7%, 4.7% and 1.7% students had minimal, mild-moderate and severe depression. The sleep quality of students in different grades showed no statistical significance. Female students had higher proportions of anxiety (p=0.02) and depression (p>0.0001) than male students. No statistical difference was found in different educational levels regarding to anxiety and depression. The students whose household income that lower than 3000 RMB were more vulnerable to anxiety (p=0.017) and depression (p=0.004). Conclusions: During the COVID-19 pandemic, a majority of students remain good sleep quality and positive mental health and a small number of students showed depression. Female students and lower household income were positively related to the prevalence of anxiety and depression. To our knowledge, this is the novel study revealing the mental health of non-medical college students concerning COVID-19 in Zhanjiang.
Graphene-enhanced van der Waals contacts between three-dimensional metals and two-dimensional semiconductors
Authors: Qi Dianyu , Li Peng , Ou Haohui , Wu Di , Lian Weiguang , Wang Zhuo , Ouyang Fangping , Chai Yang , Zhang Wenjing 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors have shown great potentials for ultra-short channel field-effect transistors (FETs) in next-generation electronics. However, because of intractable surface states and interface barriers, it is challenging to realize high-quality contacts with low contact resistances for both p- and n- 2D FETs. Here, we demonstrate a graphene-enhanced van der Waals (vdWs) integration approach, which is a multi-scale (nanometer to centimeter scale) and reliable (~ 100% yield) metal transfer strategy applicable to various metals and 2D semiconductors. Scanning transmission electron microscopy imaging shows that 2D/2D/3D semiconductor/graphene/metal interfaces are atomically flat, ultraclean and defect-free. First principles calculations indicate that the sandwiched graphene monolayer can eliminate gap states induced by 3D metals in 2D semiconductors. Through this approach, we realized Schottky barrier-free contacts on both p- and n-type 2D FETs, achieving p-type MoTe2, p-type black phosphorus and n-type MoS2 FETs with on-state current densities of 404, 1520 and 761 µA µm-1, respectively, which are among the highest values reported in literatures.
Turning copper into gold: cost-effective positive electrodes for high-performance perovskite solar cells
Authors: Cheng Fangwen , Zhan Shaoqi , Cai Yuanting , Cao Fang , Dai Xinfeng , Xu Ruchao , Yin Jun , Li Jing , Wu Binghui , Zheng Nanfeng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The development of cost-effective metal electrodes is essential to reduce the overall cost of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Copper stands out as a highly conductive and cost-effective material, but has been seldomly used as positive electrodes in efficient n-i-p PSCs due to its small work function and low oxidation threshold. We report herein that surface engineering with mercaptopyridine-based molecules readily endows copper with gold-like electronic and chemical properties. Appropriate electronic structure of copper can be achieved by fine-tuning the substituents of mercaptopyridines, making the modified copper electrodes applicable in PSCs with different hole transport materials. The resulting PSCs with copper electrodes display high power conversion efficiency, excellent long-term stability, and dramatically enhanced oxidation resistance, comparable to the gold counterparts. The cost-effective copper electrodes show great potential in manufacture and commercialization of PSCs.
Therapeutic efficacy trial for different treatment regimens due to induced ruminal acidosis in sheep in Addis zemen Town, Ethiopia
Authors: Abebaw Balemual* , Melaku Achenef , Dagnachew Shimelis 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: In ruminants, ruminal acidosis is defined as the biochemical and physiological stresses caused by the overconsumption of easily fermentable carbohydrate-rich feed materials. An experimental trial was conducted from January to May 2018 in Addis Zemen town to assess clinical, ruminal fluid, and hematological changes in sheep associated with ruminal acidosis and to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of different treatment regimens in local breed sheep. A total of 32 sheep in Addis Zemen town were selected randomly. For the therapeutic study, all animals were randomly divided into 4 groups of 8 animals, and the group I, II, and III were given 80 g of wheat flour per kg of body weight then treatment was allocated randomly, and group IV was maintained as negative control sheep. Results: The experimental trial showed that all ruminal acidotic sheep had significantly (p<0.05) lower rectal temperature, rumen motility, protozoa activity, and ruminal fluid pH before treatment as compared to the negative control group. However, there were significant (p<0.05) increments in hematological and some clinical parameters before treatment in ruminal acidotic sheep as compared to the negative control. The current experimental trial revealed that digestion powder was the most effective therapy since 100% of animals recovered on day 3, followed by magnesium hydroxide with which all animals recovered on day 4, followed by sodium bicarbonate in which 87.5% of animals recovered on day 4. Conclusion: The therapeutic efficacy indicated that all treatment regimens were able to correct the acidotic condition, which was evident from the increment in ruminal and blood pH as a result of alkalizing and buffering activity of the treatments. However, digestion powder has different compositions which are absorbed into the body and balance the disturbed clinical and hematological parameters. Therefore, digestion powder could be used as a treatment choice for ruminal acidosis.
Effects of feeding patterns during the first 6 months on weight development of infants ages 0–12 months: a longitudinal study
Authors: ZHANG CHUNYING , ZHAO WEI , PAN XIAOPING , HUANG AIQUN 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of feeding patterns during the first 6 months on weight development of infants ages 0–12 months. Methods: Using monitoring data from the Maternal and Child Health Project conducted by the National Center for Women and Children’s Health of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention from September 2015 to June 2019, we categorized feeding patterns during the first 6 months as exclusive breastfeeding, formula feeding, or mixed feeding. We calculated weight-for-age Z scores (WAZ) according to the World Health Organization’s (WHO) 2006 Child Growth Standard using WHO Anthro version 3.2.2. A multilevel model was used to analyze the effect of feeding patterns during the first 6 months on the WAZ of infants ages 0–12 months in monitoring regions. Length of follow-up (age of infants) was assigned to level 1, and infants was assigned to level 2. Characteristics of infants, mothers, and families and region of the country were adjusted for in the model. Results: The average weight of infants ages 0–12 months in our study (except the birth weights of boys who were formula fed or mixed fed) was greater than the WHO growth standard. After we adjusted for confounding factors, the multilevel model showed that the WAZ of exclusively breastfed and mixed-fed infants were statistically significantly higher than those of formula-fed infants (coefficients = 0.329 and 0.159, respectively; P < 0.05), and there was a negative interaction between feeding patterns and age (both coefficients = –0.020; P < 0.05). Infants who were exclusively breastfed were heavier than formula-fed infants from birth until 12 months of age. Mixed-fed infants were heavier than formula-fed infants before 8 months, after which the latter overtook the former.Conclusions: Infants’ weight development may be influenced by feeding patterns during the first 6 months. Exclusive breastfeeding during the first 6 months may be beneficial for weight development of infants in infancy.
Carrot genotypes differentially alter soil microbial communities and organic matter priming
Authors: Trivino Narda , Rodriguez-Sanchez Alejandro , Filley Timothy , Camberato James , Colley Micaela , Simon Phillip , Hoagland Lori 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Purpose Farmers need alternative approaches to manage nitrogen (N) that meet crop needs while reducing loss to the environment. Identifying crop genotypes that promote positive priming of organic matter in soil could help address this challenge. We aimed to 1) determine whether carrot genotypes differ in their potential to facilitate organic matter decomposition to scavenge N in soil, and 2) identify microbial taxa that are stimulated by carrot roots and thus could play a role in these processes. Methods We grew five genotypes expected to differ in N use efficiency in a nutrient-poor soil amended with15N-enriched corn residue, tracked changes in carbon (C) and N pools, quantified microbial activity and bacterial community composition, and predicted the potential expression of microbial genes involved in soil C and N cycles. Results Experimental genotypes 8503 and 3999 had the greatest capacity to promote priming. Distinct bacterial communities from the familiesMicromonosporaceae,Chromatiaceae, andRhodospirillaceaewere enriched in the soils of genotypes most effective in scavenging N and this was correlated with genes responsible for β-glucosidase and nitrification activity. Conclusions Carrot genotypes do differ in the potential to stimulate microbially-mediated decomposition of organic materials indicating that it may be possible to begin selecting for this important trait.
Fine mapping and identification of SmAPRR2 regulating rind color in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)
Authors: Fang Huarong , Wang Peng , Peng Jiechun , Huang Shishi , Jiang Qingwei , Zheng Jieming , Wang Wanhao , Zhong Chuan , Yu Wenjin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Rind color is an economically important agronomic trait in eggplant that impacts consumer preferences. However, the gene(s) regulating eggplant rind color have not been characterized. In this study, bulked segregant analysis (BSA) and kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) were employed to identify a candidate gene for eggplant rind color through constructing an F2 population generated from a cross between 'BL01' (green pericarp) and 'B1' (white pericarp). Genetic analysis of rind color revealed that a single dominant gene controls green color of eggplant peel. Pigment content measurement and cytological observations demonstrated that chlorophyll and carotenoid content and the number of chloroplasts and thylakoids in BL01 were higher than in B1. Using a BSA-seq method and a recombinant mapping strategy in F2 plants, a candidate gene (EGP19168.1) was fine-mapped to a 20.36 Kb interval on chromosome 8. The gene is predicted to encode the two-component response regulator-like protein Arabidopsis pseudo-response regulator2 (APRR2). Subsequently, allelic sequence analysis revealed that a single-base deletion in white-skinned eggplant led to a premature termination codon. A credible molecular marker closely linked to the candidate gene was developed to genotype 45 diverse eggplant germplasms, which could predict the trait of rind color (green and white) with a 91.1% accuracy rate. This study will be valuable for molecular marker-assisted selection in eggplant breeding and provides theoretical foundation for analyzing the formation mechanism of eggplant peel color.
Measuring intervention strategies to reduce the exposure of urban population to extreme heat
Authors: Massaro Emanuele , Schifanella Rossano , Piccardo Matteo , Caporaso Luca , Taubenböck Hannes , Cescatti Alessandro , Duveiller Gregory 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Extreme urban heat exposure due to anthropogenic climate change and population growth is rising. Yet, efficient tools to evaluate potential intervention strategies to reduce heat exposure are still lacking. Here we implement a spatial regression model that is able to predict with high accuracy the Land Surface Temperature (LST) of urban environments across 190 cities based on land surface properties like vegetation, built-up areas, and distance to water bodies, without any additional climate information. By coupling the model information with the population layer, we show that by increasing the overall urban vegetation by 3%, it would be possible to reduce by 50% the exposure of the urban population to extreme heat, while an increment of 11% could reduce LST over the most populated areas of the city by 1K. We finally discuss the challenges and the limitations of greening interventions in the context of available surfaces in urban areas
Perinatal outcomes of singletons following double vitrification-warming procedures: a retrospective study using propensity score analysis
Authors: Shen Xiaoyue , Ding Min , Yan Yuan , Huang Chenyang , Wang Shanshan , Zhou Jianjun , Xing Jun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Despite repeated cryopreservation is an occasional occurrence, the effect on perinatal outcomes was unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the perinatal outcomes of singletons after embryo re-cryopreservation.Methods: In total, 647 live born singletons after blastocyst frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles were investigated in this retrospective study.They were divided into two groups: the vitrified-warmed blastocysts were derived from vitrified-warmed cleavage embryos (revitrified group) or fresh cleavage embryos (once-vitrified group). Propensity score matching was used to control for potential confounding factors.Results: A total of 592 babies from once-vitrified group and 55 babies from the revitrified group. After PSM, 108 cases were generated for comparison. The median gestational age was 38 weeks for both groups and the birthweights were comparable (3390.6 ± 601.5g vs. 3412.8 ± 672.6g, P>0.05). The incidence of preterm birth (PTB) (20.4% vs. 16.7%), low birthweight (LBW) (3.7% vs. 7.4%), macrosomia (11.1% vs. 16.7%) or large for gestational age (LGA) (29.6% vs. 22.2%) was not significantly different between two groups. Logistic regression analysis indicated that double vitrification-warming procedures did not affect the occurrence of PTB (OR, 2.58 [95% CI, 0.77, 8.63]), LBW (OR, 0. 83 [0.08,8.29]), macrosomia (OR, 0.60 [0.13,2.69]), LGA (OR, 1.51 [0.53,4.27]), P>0.05. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that compared with once-vitrified，double vitrification-warming procedures does not increase the risk of adverse neonatal outcomes.
Understanding The Lived Experience of Pregnancy and Birth for Survivors of Rape and Sexual Assault
Authors: Lissmann Rebecca , Lokot Michelle , Marston Cicely 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
20% of women in the UK are survivors of rape and sexual assault, and 82% of all UK women will give birth. This implies that a substantial number of women have experienced rape and sexual assault before pregnancy. The impact on their experience of pregnancy and birth should be examined.
Methods
This qualitative research took an intersectional feminist approach. We conducted in-depth interviews in the UK with fourteen women who self-identified as survivors of rape or sexual assault, and who had experienced pregnancy and birth after the assault.
Results
We identified three main themes from the interview narratives: control, safety, and trauma. Maintaining a sense of control was important to survivors but they often reported objectification by healthcare staff and lack of consent or choice about healthcare decisions. Participants’ preferences for giving birth were often motivated by their desire to feel in control and avoid triggers. Survivors felt safer when they trusted staff. Many participants said it was important for staff to know they were survivors but none were asked about this. Maternity care and birth were triggering when they mirrored the assault. Many of our interviewees reported having unmet mental health care needs before, during or after pregnancy.
Conclusions
Our interviewees had specific maternity care needs related to their status as survivors. For many, these needs were not met, leading to negative or traumatic experiences of pregnancy and birth. Systemic biases and poor birth experience negatively impact pregnant people’s psychological safety and physical safety. Pregnancy and birth services should introduce trauma-informed models of care, and funding for maternity and mental health services must be improved, so that they meet minimum staffing and waiting time standards.
Efficacy of Dual Task Training on Ankle Stability in Chronic Ankle Sprain
Authors: Jaiswal Shallu , Rishi Priyanka , Sen Siddhartha 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Ankle sprain are among the common injuries in the physically active population. Majority of those who suffer ankle sprains have residual symptoms including pain, episodes of giving way, compromised proprioception and neuromuscular control, and re-injury leading to chronic ankle instability.
Objective
The objective of the present study was to find the effect of dual task training on ankle stability in chronic ankle sprain.
Method
A total of 42 participants with chronic ankle sprain were randomly allocated in 2 groups which contains 21 participants in each group. Group A received Dual Task Training with conventional treatment and Group B received Conventional Treatment only. Both group received treatment for 3 days a week for 4 weeks. All participants were assessed pre intervention (baseline) and post intervention (end of 4th week) for pain via NPRS, static balance via single leg stance test, dynamic balance via functional reach test, ankle muscle strength via Micro FET2 dynamometer, ROM assessed via goniometer, proprioception via degree of foot position sense.
Result
Statistical analysis showed significant improvement (P < 0.05) in Pain, Muscle strength and ROM within the groups as well as between the groups. With reference to static balance with one’s eyes open and eyes closed, dynamic balance and proprioception showed significant difference within Group A as well as between the groups (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
This study found that dual task training effectively improves pain, static balance, dynamic balance, muscle strength, ankle ROM and proprioception.
Subjective Social Status and Health among Older Adults in China: The Longitudinal Mediating Role of Social Trust
Authors: Zhou Jingjing , Guo Wei , Ren Hang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
From a developmental perspective, this study explored the interplays between subjective social status (SSS), social trust (ST), and health status measured by self-rated health (SRH) among the elderly in the context of China. It also tested the longitudinal mediation of ST between SSS and SRH.
Methods
After excluding samples with missing values, we analyzed 4,536 individual responses from those aged 60 years or older, extracted from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) data in 2014, 2016, and 2018. We used latent growth modeling to test the hypothesized relationships among their SSS, ST, and SRH.
Results
Latent growth modeling based on bootstrapping showed that the SSS, ST, and SRH of the elderly all increased linearly and that the mechanism of SSS acted on the SRH as follows: The initial level of SSS indirectly influenced the initial level and the growth rate of the SRH, respectively, through the initial level of ST, and the initial level and growth rate of SSS played an indirect role in the growth rate of the SRH through the growth rate of ST.
Conclusion
The findings have practical implications for promoting health for the elderly and realizing active aging in China. Therefore, we recommend establishing a family-centered and community-supported social support system for those with lower social status among the elderly and a friendly community environment with various social, cultural, and recreational activities to improve the ST among the elderly, thereby improving their health.
The Prevalence and Correlates of Depression among Senior Citizens in Greater Kumasi of the Ashanti Region
Authors: Nakua Emmanuel K. , Amissah John , Tawiah Phyllis , Barnie Bernard , Donkor Peter , Mock Charles 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background: Approximately two million Ghanaians suffer from mental disorders; however, the burden of depression on the aged population is fairly unknown. A better appreciation of depression and its predictors is necessary to design appropriate policy interventions. Therefore, this study aims to assess the prevalence and correlates of depression among senior citizens in the Greater Kumasi of the Ashanti region. Methods: A cross-sectional study design with a multi-stage sampling approach was employed to recruit and collect data from adults 60 years and above at the household level in four enumeration areas (EAs) within the Asokore Mampong Municipality. Households within each EAs were mapped and listed by trained resident enumerators to create a sampling frame. Data was collected electronically with Open Data Kit application over 30 days through face-to-face interaction using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and summarized using descriptive and inferential statistics. A multivariate logistics regression using a backward stepwise approach was employed to identify the predictors of depression in the study sample. All analyses were performed using STATA software version 16, and the significance level was maintained at a p-value<0.05 and presented at a 95% confidence interval.Results: The mean age was 69.9 (SD=8.8), and the distribution was similar for both sexes (p=0.25). The prevalence of depression was estimated to be 42.1% and dominated by females, older adults (>80 years) and lower economic class respondents. The rate was 43.4% for both consumers of alcohol and smokers with a history of stroke (41.2%) and taking medication for chronic conditions (44.2%). The predictors of depression in our study were being single, low class [aOR=1.97; 95% CI=1.18-3.27], hypertensive [aOR=1.45; 95% CI=0.96-2.20], and having other chronic conditions [aOR=1.86; 95% CI=0.95-4.62], and the inability to manage ones’ own affairs [aOR=0.56; 95% CI=0.32-0.97]Conclusion: The study provides data that can inform policy decisions on the care of the elderly with depression in Ghana and other similar countries, confirming the need to provide support efforts towards high-risk groups such as single people, people with chronic health conditions, and lower-income people. Additionally, the evidence provided in this study could serve as baseline data for larger and longitudinal studies.