bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between blood transfusion and infections after spinal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Liu Yuting , Tang Xiaoming , Dai Jian , Jiang Haitao , You Jianguo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background

Blood transfusion is a crucial replacement therapy in surgery as its side effects on the human immune system may cause postoperative infections. Infections after spinal surgery include surgical site infection (SSI), urinary tract infection (UTI), pneumonia, and sepsis, which have a significant impact on mortality. Whether blood transfusion is a risk factor for postoperative infections in spinal surgery remains unclear. Hence, this meta-analysis aimed to reveal the association between infection after spinal surgery and blood transfusion in clinical trials.

Methods

PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were explored up to January 31, 2020, for studies related to postoperative infection and spinal surgery. Stata 14.0 was used to pool the estimates with a random-effects model and relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) in each study and I-square test to evaluate the heterogeneity.

Results

Eight cohort studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising a total of 100,989 patients. We found that blood transfusion was significantly associated with postoperative infection (RR = 3.01; 95% CI, 2.74–3.31; p < 0.001) and played a critical role in different types of infections such as SSI, pneumonia, UTI, and sepsis.

Conclusion

Blood transfusion was a risk factor for postoperative infection in spinal surgery. Hence, efforts should be made to reduce bleeding during the operation, and more restrictive transfusion policies should be followed in the perioperative period.

Trial registration

This systematic review has been registered in PROSPERO. The registration number is CRD42020193853.
Family Hypercholesterolemia Revealed by Myocardial Infarction: Case Report and Literature Data.
Authors: mackonia Noel maschell Mahoungou 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Familial hypercholesterolemia is a monogenetic, autosomal dominant, predominantly heterozygous disease that affects 1/500 births and only 20% of cases are diagnosed. Diagnosis is based on family history, clinical manifestations and complications, hypercholesterolemia on biological tests with genetic confirmation of the mutation by the MedPed score. Complications occur early, before the age of 55 in men and 60 in women, and are even more virulent in the homozygous form
Case presentation
We report the case of a 36-year-old, nonobese patient with a history of HF in the mother at age 52 years, complicated by stroke, and acute coronary syndrome on two occasions at age 44 years in the older brother. He was admitted to the hospital for a revascularized myocardial infarction in the right coronary artery by primary angioplasty. Clinical examination was normal, lipid profile showed hypercholesterolemia (HCT) with LDL-CT = 3.64 g/L, HDL-CT = 0.32 g/L and TG = 2.1g/L. The MedPed score was 12 points with a copy of the LDL receptor gene on the genetic sample. The patient received a high-dose statin combined with adherence to healthy dietary measures. Genetic screening of the rest of the family was performed.
Conclusion
HF is a common but not well understood disease. Diagnosis should be made very early when the disease is suspected using the MedPed score of possible(3–5 points), probable(6–8 points) and certain(> 8 points) with genetic confirmation. Screening should be done very early in the family with drug treatment from the age of 8 years if the diagnosis is confirmed.
Impacts of Model Resolution on Responses of Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclones to ENSO in the HighResMIP-PRIMAVERA Ensemble
Authors: Liu Jingchan , Yuan Chaoxia , Luo Jing-Jia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the major driver of interannual variations in the western North Pacific (WNP) tropical cyclones (TCs). Realistic reproduction of ENSO-WNPTC teleconnection in coupled models (CGCMs) is thus crucial for improved seasonal-to-interannual prediction of WNPTC activity. Here, basing on the outputs of six pairs of high-resolution (HR) and low-resolution (LR) CGCMs participating the HighResMIP-PRIMAVERA project, we showed that both HR and LR models can reproduce well the increased/decreased TC genesis and track in the southeastern WNP but the decreased/increased in the northwestern WNP in the developing years of El Niño/La Niña, but the HR models outperform the LR by simulating higher anomalous amplitudes closer to the observed. The better performance of HR than LR models is on one hand due to the generally increased frequency and variability of TCs in the HR models. On the other hand, the teleconnection of El Niño/La Niña to the WNP shows a dipole circulation difference between the HR and LR models with an anomalous cyclone/anticyclone in the southeastern WNP and anticyclone/cyclone in the northwestern WNP, which enhances the dipole TC genesis and track anomalies in the HR compared to the LR models. The teleconnection difference stems from the location differences in the ENSO-related SST and convection anomalies in the tropical Pacific, which may be ultimately linked to the reduced cold tongue biases in the HR compared to the LR models.
Experience with Apixaban Versus Acenocumarol in Usual Clinical Practice in Patients with Persistent Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation Treated with Electric Cardioversion Ambulatory
Authors: Velasquez Eddi , Dominguez Eduardo , Fernandez Paloma , Cardinal Pablo , Perez Elena , Medina Juan , Rodriguez Francisco , Parra Javier , CASTELLANO JOSE M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The present work was carried out with the objective of evaluating the effects on inflammatory factors and on the consumption of resources in health care, in anti-coagulated patients with apixaban or acenocoumarol, treated with electric cardioversion ambulatory (ECV).
Methods
236 patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF), who underwent ambulatory CVE between April 2017 and October 2020, were prospectively analyzed. The levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10 and TGF-β were measured before cardioversion and one month after cardioversion.
Results
The mean age of the study population was 71 years, 52% with a history of NVAF prior to the index event. The procedure was successful in 90% of the patients (n = 210). The average number of shocks per patient was 1.39 joules. A transesophageal echocardiogram was performed in 236 patients (100%), which revealed thrombus in the left atrium in 2 of them. Among the anticoagulated patients with acenocoumarol (N 50), 7 patients (14%) with sub-optimal INR were registered, who were reprogrammed for ECV. The delay time until performing the CVE was 30 ± 7, with an impact on the waiting list of 2 months. A statistically significant decrease in the apixaban treatment arm was recorded in the assessment of pro-inflammatory cytokine levels.
Conclusions
Ambulatory ECV is a safe and effective method for the treatment of NVAF in patients anticoagulated with apixaban or acenocoumarol. An advantage of the use of DOAC (Direct Oral Anticoagulant) in the context of peri-cardioversion is to avoid inadequate control of the INR, a frequent reason for suspending scheduled electrical cardioversions, increased of waiting lists and healthcare costs. Apixaban showed a decrease in levels of pro-inflammatory factors (IL6 - TNF-α). This effect could be related with prediction of mortality risk as other studies have shown.
A study on locomotion characteristics according to the level of cardiorespiratory endurance in adolescents
Authors: Choi Sanghyup , Son Minji , Jeon Jeanhong , Song Yonggwan , Lee Yongho 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This study aims to investigate the differences in locomotion characteristics according to cardiorespiratory endurance in adolescents. The subjects were 51 students in the third grade of middle school, divided into the EG group (excellent group) and NEG group (non-excellent group) according to the cardiorespiratory endurance level. This study investigates the differences in locomotion characteristics according to cardiorespiratory endurance in adolescents. We used a 20-shuttle-run for cardiorespiratory endurance level, and a 1-minute walking test was performed for each speed by applying a differential speed. Cardiorespiratory endurance variables were based on VO2 Max, and locomotion variables were analyzed by spatial-temporal parameters and foot range of motion parameters. Regarding the locomotion spatial-temporal parameters, adolescents with excellent cardiorespiratory endurance showed a more regular pattern, while foot inversion showed a more abnormal pattern. In particular, when the locomotion speed was slow, these characteristics were more clearly distinguishable. Our results confirm the characteristics of locomotion according to the growth of adolescents and can mediate the difference in walking speed to use as a primary database for the locomotion of adolescents.
The extent of windfarm infrastructures on recognised European blanket bogs
Authors: Chico Guaduneth , Clewer Thomas , Midgley Nicholas , Gallego-Anex Pablo , Ramil-Rego Pablo , Ferreiro Javier , Whayman Eleanor , Goeckeritz Saskia , Stanton Thomas 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Peatland environments are the Earth’s largest terrestrial carbon store1 and have the potential to act as carbon sinks2. However, the development of windfarms on peatlands is affecting their morphology3–6, hydrology6, ground-level climate conditions7, carbon functions8 and vegetation9–11. Blanket bogs are a rare type of ombrotrophic peatland that are typical of oceanic areas with high precipitation and low temperatures12. Their distribution has been mapped across Europe, where they are mainly located on hill summits where wind energy potential is higher, making them attractive sites for windfarm developments3,13. The promotion of renewable energy is currently a priority given the environmental and economic drive to increase low-carbon energy production14–16. Establishing windfarms on peatland in pursuit of greener energy therefore risks compromising and undermining the green-energy transition. Despite this, the extent of windfarm infrastructures on blanket bogs have not yet been reported at the European scale. Here we show the extent of windfarm infrastructures on recognised blanket bogs, with a geographical focus on Europe, where blanket bogs have been defined systematically. Under the EU Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC) there are 36 European regions NUTS level 2 with recognised blanket bogs. Of these 12 have windfarm developments, including 644 wind turbines, 253.4 km of vehicular access tracks and an affected area of 207.6 ha, mainly in Ireland and Scotland where the extent of blanket bogs is also higher. However, despite Spain having under 0.2% of Europe’s recognised blanket bogs area, this was the most affected country. In Scotland comparison of the Habitats Directive with blanket bogs recorded in national inventories indicates that the extent of windfarm developments was higher, with 1,063 wind turbines and 634.5 km of vehicular access tracks. Our results highlight the extent of windfarm developments on blanket bog habitat, both in areas where peatlands are broadly distributed across the landscape, and also in areas where this recognised habitat is particularly rare. There is a pressing need to assess the impacts of windfarms on peatlands to ensure that efforts to meet energy targets result only in carbon sequestration, and do not jeopardise ecosystem services. Blanket bogs represent a particularly vulnerable habitat, the study of which should be prioritised updating national and international inventories to protect and restore this habitat.
Theoretical estimation of longitudinal flexoelectric response in polar perovskite oxides
Authors: Shin Young-Han , Ali Asad , Kim Hye Jung , Kim Tae Heon 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The quest for pure flexoelectricity has brought about various theoretical and experimental approaches to eliminate piezoelectric contributions from the flexoelectric measurements. Herein, we propose a first-principles approach to measure flexoelectricity. We compute the corresponding piezoelectric contribution and subtract it from the total local polarization rather than devising the system having the inversion symmetry to acquire the pure flexoelectric contribution. This approach is applied to experimentally accessible strain gradients in the order of ∼107 m−1 with sufficient structural relaxation and the precise Born effective charge tensors, which play a dominant role in probing the correct strain gradient and polarization responses. We validate the proposed approach by calculating the longitudinal flexoelectric coefficient μ3333 (−0.513±0.004 nC/m) for SrTiO3 (Pm-3m), which is comparatively closer (irrespective of their signs) to its experimental value of 0.2 nC/m with a smaller uncertainty than previous works. Its application is extended to other ABO3 perovskites in cubic (Pm-3m) phases and perovskite BaTiO3 in its tetragonal (P4mm) phase. The analysis of obtained results enables us to comment on the possible origin of flexoelectricity and its additive interaction with piezoelectricity in the local polarization response.
On the Economic Determinants of Prostitution: Marriage Compensation and Unilateral Divorce in U.S. States *
Authors: Ciacci Riccardo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Understanding the determinants of prostitution is key to regulate it. This paper studies the hypothesis that marriage conditions are an economic determinant of female prostitution. I exploit differences in the timing of entry into force of divorce laws across U.S. states to explore the effect of such laws on arrests of female prostitutes. Using a difference-indifference design, I find that unilateral divorce leads to a reduction of female arrested prostitutes between 5%-10%. Results are consistent with the notion that improving marriage opportunities can be a powerful force to deter entry into prostitution for a subset of the population who is inframarginal. Lack of alternatives are key to explain the choice to conduct this activity. To this extent, this work is part of a broader research agenda hinting at improvements in gender equality as a mean for tapering off female prostitution.
JEL codes: J12, J16, K14, K15, K36
Upregulation of tandem duplicated BoFLC1 genes is associated with the non-flowering trait in Brassica oleracea var. capitata
Authors: Kinoshita Yu , Motoki Ko , Hosokawa Munetaka 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The non-flowering natural cabbage mutant ‘nfc’ was discovered from the breeding line ‘T15’ with normal flowering characteristics. In this study, we investigated the molecular basis underlying the non-flowering trait of ‘nfc’. First, the ‘nfc’ was induced to flower using the grafting floral induction method, and three F2 populations were generated. The flowering phenotype of each F2 population was widely distributed with non-flowering individuals appearing in two populations. QTL-seq analysis detected a genomic region associated with flowering date at approximately 51 Mb on chromosome 9 in two of the three F2 populations. Subsequent validation and fine mapping of the candidate genomic region using QTL analysis identified the quantitative trait loci (QTL) at 50,177,696–51,474,818 bp on chromosome 9 covering 241 genes. Additionally, RNA-seq analysis of ‘nfc’ and ‘T15’ plants identified 36 differentially expressed genes related to flowering. Based on these results, we identified tandem duplicated BoFLC1 genes, which are homologs of floral repressor FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC), as the candidate genes responsible for the non-flowering trait of ‘nfc’. We designated the tandem duplicated BoFLC1 genes as BoFLC1a and BoFLC1b. Expression analysis revealed that the expression levels of BoFLC1a and BoFLC1b were downregulated during winter in ‘T15’ but were upregulated and maintained during winter in ‘nfc’. Additionally, the expression level of the floral integrator BoFT was upregulated in the spring in ‘T15’ but hardly upregulated in ‘nfc’. These results suggest that the upregulated levels of BoFLC1a and BoFLC1b contributed to the non-flowering trait of ‘nfc’.
Optimizing drug combination and detecting mechanism of drug combination based on pathway crosstalk in pan-cancer
Authors: Hu Congxue , Mi Wanqi , Li Feng , Zhu Lun , Ou Qi , Li Maohao , Li Tengyue , Ma Yuheng , Zhang Yunpeng , Xu Yingqi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The occurrence and development of cancer is a complex process involving multi-factor crosstalk. The low efficiency of drugs is an important problem for clinical treatment. Combination therapy is currently the most effective way to improve cancer treatment, but currently approved drug combinations result mainly from empirical clinical experience. Therefore, it is meaningful to present an approach to discover new drug combinations for cancer treatment. In this work, we integrated the pan-cancer and drugs high-throughput data to construct the miRNA-mediated crosstalk network between pathways of cancer and further construct the therapeutic networks for drug. Totally, 15416 crosstalks between 268 pathways in 21 cancers were identified. Base on the crosstalk inhibition, we developed a computational network biological approach to identify the effective drug which inhibition risk pathway crosstalk of cancer, and then filtrated and optimized the drug combination for cancer treatment. Ultimately, we obtained 687 optimized drug combinations of 83 first-line anticancer drugs in pan-cancers. Next, we analyzed the mechanism of drug combination, and confirmed that the targets of cancer-specific crosstalk network in drug combination were closely related to cancer prognosis by survival analysis. In addition, we developed a user-friendly web interface ODrugCP (http://bio-bigdata.hrbmu.edu.cn/oDrugCP/) that can be used to explore 687 optimized drug combination strategies related to 21 cancers. In conclusion, our study mined the key cascade pathways of drug action and analyzed the mechanism of drug combination. It can provide an effective method for screening precise drug combinations for various cancer treatments, which may have important scientific significance and clinical application value for revealing the regulatory mechanism of tumor pathogenesis and exploring new tumor treatment strategies.
Pro-resolving and pro-inflammatory fatty acid-derived mediators in sputum of stable state bronchiectasis patients
Authors: Terranova Leonardo , Risé Patrizia , Gramegna Andrea , Pinna Christian , Agostoni Carlo , Syrén Marie-Louise , Turolo Stefano , Marchisio Paola , Amati Francesco , Aliberti Stefano , Sala Angelo , Blasi Francesco 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Bronchiectasis is characterized by neutrophilic inflammation and frequent exacerbations often associated with infections. Lipid mediators play critical roles in the inflammatory response, the balance between anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory mediators could drive to chronic inflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the metabolite of docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid in sputum of adults with bronchiectasis defining their associations with clinical data, bacterial load and neutrophil elastase.
Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted at the bronchiectasis program of the Policlinico Hospital in Milan, Italy, where patients were enrolled. Active neutrophil elastase was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, pro-resolving and pro-inflammatory fatty acid-derived mediators were evaluated by mass spectrometry and respiratory pathogens were carried out through real-time PCR. Analysis were performed on sputum collected during stable state and clinical data were also collected.
Results: Levels of pro-inflammatory mediators derived from arachidonic acid metabolism showed association with neutrophil elastase, were proportional to Pseudomonas aeruginosa identifications and were linked with radiological gravity index, while the concentrations of pro-resolution mediators derived from docosahexaenoic acidwere associated with a better health status highlighted by the inverse correlation with radiological gravity index, bacterial infections and sputum volume production.
Conclusion: Taking into account the clinical need to identify treatable traits in bronchiectasis useful to reduce exacerbation, lung infections and inflammatory reactions, could be helpful understand the role of pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving mediators derived from FA metabolisms in the modulation of these reaction. These information could be used to plan a personalized approach to try to reduce the symptoms of the disease.
Fermi liquid-like behaviour of cuprates in the pseudogap phase simulated via T-dependent electron-boson spectral density
Authors: Hwang Jungseek , Park Hwiwoo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We investigated the temperature- and frequency-dependent optical scattering rates in the pseudogap phase of cuprates using model pseudogap and electron-boson spectral density (EBSD) functions. We obtained the scattering rates at various temperatures below and above a given pseudogap temperature using a generalized Allen’s (or Sharapov’s) formula, which has been used to analyze the measured optical spectra of correlated electron systems with a non-constant density of states at finite temperatures. The pseudogap and EBSD functions should be temperature dependent to simulate the Fermi liquid-like behaviour of underdoped cuprate systems observed in optical studies. Therefore, the observed Fermi liquid-like behaviour can be understood by considering the combined contribution from the T-dependent EBSD function and the T-dependent pseudogap. We expect that our results will aid in understanding the Fermi liquid-like optical response in the pseudogap phase and in revealing the microscopic pairing mechanism for superconductivity in cuprates.