bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SARS-CoV-2 causes periodontal fibrosis by deregulating mitochondrial β-oxidation
Authors: Gao Yan , Kok Wai Ling , Sharma Vikram , Illsley Charlotte Sara , Hanks Sally , Tredwin Christopher , Hu Bing 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe global high prevalence of COVID-19 is a major challenge for health professionals and patients. SARS-CoV-2 virus mutate predominantly in the spike proteins, whilst the other key viral components remain stable. Previous studies have shown that the human oral cavity can potentially act as reservoir of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. COVID-19 can cause severe oral mucosa lesions and is likely to be connected with poor periodontal conditions. However, the consequence of SARS-CoV-2 viral infection on human oral health has not been systematically examined. In this research, we aimed to study the pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 viral components on human periodontal tissues and cells. We found that by exposing to SARS-CoV-2, especially to the viral envelope and membrane proteins, the human periodontal fibroblasts could develop fibrotic pathogenic phenotypes, including hyperproliferation that was concomitant induced together with increased apoptosis and senescence. The fibrotic degeneration was mediated by a down-regulation of mitochondrial β-oxidation in the fibroblasts. Fatty acid β-oxidation inhibitor, etomoxir treatment could mirror the same pathological consequence on the cells, similar to SARS- CoV-2 infection. Our results therefore provide novel mechanistic insights into how SARS- CoV-2 infection can affect human periodontal health at the cell and molecular level with potential new therapeutic targets for COVID-19 induced fibrosis.
The FMRF-NH2Gated Sodium Channel ofBiomphalaria glabrata: Localization and Expression Following Infection bySchistosoma mansoni
Authors: Vicente-Rodríguez Laura , Torres Amanda , Hernández-Vázquez Anthony , Rosa-Casillas Mariela , Bracho-Rincón Dina P. , de Jesús Paola Méndez , Behra Martine , Rosenthal Joshua J.C. , Miller Mark W. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe neglected tropical disease schistosomiasis impacts the lives of over 700 million people globally.Schistosoma mansoni, the trematode parasite that causes the most common type of schistosomiasis, requires planorbid pond snails of the genusBiomphalariato support its larval development and transformation to the form that can infect humans. A greater understanding of neural signaling systems that are specific to theBiomphalariaintermediate host could lead to novel strategies for parasite or snail control. This study characterized aBiomphalaria glabrataneural receptor that is gated by the molluscan neuropeptide FMRF-NH2. TheBiomphalaria glabrataFMRF-NH2gated sodium channel (Bgl-FaNaC) amino acid sequence was highly conserved with FaNaCs found in related gastropods, especially the planorbidPlanorbella trivolvis(91% sequence identity). In common with theP. trivolvisFaNaC, theB. glabratareceptor exhibited a low affinity (EC50: 3 × 10−4M) and high specificity for the FMRF-NH2agonist. Its expression in the central nervous system, detected by immunohistochemistry andin situhybridization, was widespread, with the protein localized mainly to neuronal fibers and the mRNA confined to cell bodies. Colocalization was observed with the FMRF-NH2tetrapeptide precursor in some neurons associated with male mating behavior. At the mRNA level,Bgl-FaNaC expression in the visceral and left parietal ganglia decreased at 20 days post infection byS. mansoniand in the shedding phase. Altered FMRF-NH2signaling could be vital for parasite survival and proliferation in its snail intermediate host.
Cell migration CRISPRi screens in human neutrophils reveal regulators of context-dependent migration and differentiation state
Authors: Belliveau Nathan M. , Footer Matthew J. , Akdogan Emel , van Loon Aaron P. , Collins Sean R. , Theriot Julie A. 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTNeutrophils are the most abundant leukocyte in humans and provide a critical early line of defense as part of our innate immune system. Their exquisite sensitivity to chemical gradients and ability to rapidly migrate make them especially suited to protect against infection. However, their terminal differentiation status and short lifetime (on the order of days) have hindered their study. Furthermore, while modern CRISPR-based gene perturbation strategies now allow comprehensive, genome-scale screens in human cells, their application to complex and dynamic processes like cell migration remain limited. Using HL-60 cells, a leukemia cell line that can be differentiated into neutrophil-like cells, we have developed multiple cell migration screen strategies that provide comprehensive, genome-wide discovery of molecular factors that are critical for directed (chemotaxis), undirected (chemokinesis), and 3D amoeboid cell migration in these fast-moving cells. Combining these assays with additional, pooled, genome-wide CRISPR interference dropout screens of cell proliferation and neutrophil differentiation, we have identified a comprehensive set of genes that are important across the processes of cellular growth, differentiation, and migration. This combined dataset highlights a particular reliance upon mTORC1 signaling that alters neutrophil lifetime, migration phenotype, and sensitivity to chemotactic cues. Across our cell migration screens, we identified several hundred genes important for migration including those with specific roles only in particular migratory contexts. This genome-wide screening strategy, therefore, provides an invaluable approach to the study of neutrophils and provides a resource that will inform future studies of cell migration in these and other rapidly migrating cells.
Natural and low‐caloric rebaudioside A as a substitute for dietary sugars: A comprehensive review
Authors: Wang Yang , Luo Xiang , Chen Li , Mustapha Abdullateef Taiye , Yu Xiaojie , Zhou Cunshan , Okonkwo Clinton Emeka 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFor health and safety concerns, traditional high‐calorie sweeteners and artificial sweeteners are gradually replaced in food industries by natural and low‐calorie sweeteners. As a natural and high‐quality sugar substitute, steviol glycosides (SvGls) are continually scrutinized regarding their safety and application. Recently, the cultivation of organic stevia has been increasing in many parts of Europe and Asia, and it is obvious that there is a vast market for sugar substitutes in the future. Rebaudioside A, the main component of SvGls, is gradually accepted by consumers due to its safe, zero calories, clear, and sweet taste with no significant undesirable characteristics. Hence, it can be used in various foods or dietary supplements as a sweetener. In addition, rebaudioside A has been demonstrated to have many physiological functions, such as antihypertension, anti‐diabetes, and anticaries. But so far, there are few comprehensive reviews of rebaudioside A. In this review article, we discuss the physicochemical properties, metabolic process, safety, regulatory, health benefits, and biosynthetic pathway of rebaudioside A and summarize the modification methods and state‐of‐the‐art production and purification techniques of rebaudioside A. Furthermore, the current problems hindering the future production and application of rebaudioside A are analyzed, and suggestions are provided.
FBP1 induced by β‐elemene enhances the sensitivity of gefitinib in lung cancer
Authors: Li Jian , Dai Ping , Sun Jing , Yu Wenyan , Han Wei , Li Kaichun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundβ‐elemene is known to play a critical role in tumorigenesis as well as tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) resistance in lung cancer. However, the biological function and molecular mechanism remain largely unknown.MethodsIn this study, the common genes involved in gefitinib resistance and β‐elemene were identified using bioinformatic analysis. The expression of FBP1 was examined by qRT–PCR and Western blot analysis. Cell proliferation, flow cytometry, clone formation and IC50 assays were performed to assess the effects of β‐elemene and FBP1. Western blot analysis was used to evaluate apoptosis‐related gene expression. Finally, in vivo experiments were conducted to assess the crucial role of FBP1 in gefitinib‐resistant HCC827/GR cells in nude mice.ResultsScreening analysis demonstrated that fructose‐1,6‐bisphosphatase (FBP1) was induced by β‐elemene and downregulated in gefitinib‐resistant lung cells. Functionally, overexpression of FBP1 inhibited proliferation and gefitinib resistance and promoted apoptosis of PC9/GR and HCC827/GR cells in vitro. Mechanistically, FBP1 impeded the nuclear translocation of p‐STAT3. The FBP1/STAT3 axis was required for FBP1‐mediated apoptosis‐related gene expression. In vivo experiments further confirmed the enhanced effects of FBP1 on lung cancer cell sensitivity to gefitinib.ConclusionOur research indicated that β‐elemene suppressed proliferation and enhanced sensitivity to gefitinib by inducing apoptosis through the FBP1/STAT3 axis in gefitinib‐resistant lung cancer cells.
How do firms learn? Evidence from corporate cash holdings during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: BC Bishal , Simpson Thuy 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe examine the impact of COVID‐19 on US corporate cash holdings. Our findings suggest that greater pandemic exposure is associated with higher corporate cash holdings and that firms learn from prior experiences as they manage their cash policies. More specifically, the level of cash holdings in firms that experienced severe financial constraints during the 2008 credit crisis and firms with prior severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and H1N1 exposure is significantly lower than that of firms with no prior epidemic or financial constraints experience. Overall, our findings support the learning behaviour of cash and contribute to corporate cash holdings literature by providing insights on the extent to which firms learn from prior experiences to manage their liquidity.
Long‐term recovery from opioid use disorder: recovery subgroups, transition states and their association with substance use, treatment and quality of life
Authors: Craft William H. , Shin Hwasoo , Tegge Allison N. , Keith Diana R. , Athamneh Liqa N. , Stein Jeffrey S. , Ferreira Marco A. R. , Chilcoat Howard D. , Le Moigne Anne , DeVeaugh‐Geiss Angela , Bickel Warren K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsLimited information exists regarding individual subgroups of recovery from opioid use disorder (OUD) following treatment and how these subgroups may relate to recovery trajectories. We used multi‐dimensional criteria to identify OUD recovery subgroups and longitudinal transitions across subgroups.Design, Setting and ParticipantsIn a national longitudinal observational study in the United States, individuals who previously participated in a clinical trial for subcutaneous buprenorphine injections for treatment of OUD were enrolled and followed for an average of 4.2 years after participation in the clinical trial.MeasurementsWe identified recovery subgroups based on psychosocial outcomes including depression, opioid withdrawal and pain. We compared opioid use, treatment utilization and quality of life among these subgroups.FindingsThree dimensions of the recovery process were identified: depression, opioid withdrawal and pain. Using these three dimensions, participants were classified into four recovery subgroups: high‐functioning (minimal depression, mild withdrawal and no/mild pain), pain/physical health (minimal depression, mild withdrawal and moderate pain), depression (moderate depression, mild withdrawal and mild/moderate pain) and low‐functioning (moderate/severe withdrawal, moderate depression and moderate/severe pain). Significant differences among subgroups were observed for DSM‐5 criteria (P < 0.001) and remission status (P < 0.001), as well as with opioid use (P < 0.001), treatment utilization (P < 0.001) and quality of life domains (physical health, psychological, environment and social relationships; Ps < 0.001, Cohen’s fs ≥ 0.62). Recovery subgroup assignments were dynamic, with individuals transitioning across subgroups during the observational period. Moreover, the initial recovery subgroup assignment was minimally predictive of long‐term outcomes.ConclusionsThere appear to be four distinct subgroups among individuals in recovery from OUD. Recovery subgroup assignments are dynamic and predictive of contemporaneous, but not long‐term, substance use, substance use treatment utilization or quality of life outcomes.
Effectiveness of probiotics in apical periodontitis progression: A scoping review and implications for research
Authors: La Rosa Giusy Rita Maria , Pedullà Eugenio 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo synthesise the current knowledge on the effects of probiotics in apical periodontitis progression by a scoping review of animal and human studies. Reporting was based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) Extension for Scoping Reviews. The literature search and screening was performed on PubMed and Scopus databases by two independent reviewers selecting human and animal studies that evaluated the effectiveness of probiotics in reducing the severity of apical periodontitis. Two animal studies with 3 publications met the eligibility criteria for qualitative synthesis. The most common probiotics were Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus acidophilus orally administered for gavage in Wistar rats with induced apical periodontitis. Overall, probiotics significantly reduced inflammation and bone resorption with an improvement in the apical periodontitis progression. Although results in animal studies are promising, the use of probiotics in apical periodontitis progression requires caution due to the insufficient available evidence.
Channel impeller design for centrifugal blood pump in hybrid pediatric total artificial heart: Modeling, magnet integration, and hydraulic experiments
Authors: Hirschhorn Matthew , Catucci Nicholas , Day Steven W. , Stevens Randy M. , Tchantchaleishvili Vakhtang , Throckmorton Amy L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this research is to address ongoing device shortfalls for pediatric patients by developing a novel pediatric hybrid total artificial heart (TAH). The valveless magnetically‐levitated MCS device (Dragon Heart) has only two moving parts, integrates an axial and centrifugal blood pump into a single device, and will occupy a compact footprint within the chest for the pediatric patient population.MethodsPrior work on the Dragon Heart focused on the development of pump designs to achieve hemodynamic requirements. The impeller of these pumps was shaft‐driven and thus could not be integrated for testing. The presented research leverages an existing magnetically levitated axial flow pump and focuses on centrifugal pump development. Using the axial pump diameter as a geometric constraint, a shaftless, magnetically supported centrifugal pump was designed for placement circumferentially around the axial pump domain. The new design process included the computational analysis of more than 50 potential centrifugal impeller geometries. The resulting centrifugal pump designs were prototyped and tested for levitation and no‐load rotation, followed by in vitro testing using a blood analog. To meet physiologic demands, target performance goals were pressure rises exceeding 90 mm Hg for flow rates of 1–5 L/min with operating speeds of less than 5000 RPM.ResultsThree puck‐shaped, channel impellers for the centrifugal blood pump were selected based on achieving performance and space requirements for magnetic integration. A quasi‐steady flow analysis revealed that the impeller rotational position led to a pulsatile component in the pressure generation. After prototyping, the centrifugal prototypes (3, 4, and 5 channeled designs) demonstrated levitation and no‐load rotation. Hydraulic experiments established pressure generation capabilities beyond target requirements. The pressure‐flow performance of the prototypes followed expected trends with a dependence on rotational speed. Pulsatile blood flow was observed without pump‐speed modulation due to rotating channel passage frequency.ConclusionThe results are promising in the advancement of this pediatric TAH. The channeled impeller design creates pressure‐flow curves that are decoupled from the flow rate, a benefit that could reduce the required controller inputs and improve treatment of hypertensive patients.
Adolescent sleep, distress, and technology use: weekday versus weekend
Authors: Reardon Alexander , Lushington Kurt , Agostini Alex 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundIn adolescents, technology use at bedtime is linked to disrupted sleep and psychological distress. Adolescents are known to sleep later on weekends compared to weekdays but whether this leads to greater technology use, and, hence, additional psychological distress is not known. At greater risk maybe adolescents with a late compared to early chronotype, that is a preference for late versus early sleep onset and offset times.MethodSelf‐reported measures of sleep timing, chronotype (early, neither early nor late, late), technology medium (social media/texting, TV/streaming, and gaming), and psychological distress (DASS‐21) were collected from 462 students attending one Australian high school.ResultsTechnology use at bedtime was greater on weekends and especially in adolescents with a late chronotype. Social media/texting on weekends was predictive of delayed sleep onset times (β = .120), and shorter sleep (β = −.172). Shorter sleep on weekdays but not on weekends was associated with greater psychological distress. Technology medium and chronotype were not predictive of psychological distress.ConclusionsThis study confirmed that technology use and its impact on sleep differed on weekdays compared to weekends and that a late chronotype was associated with greater technology use. However, neither technology medium nor chronotype was found to affect psychological distress. While greater autonomy may be granted to adolescents over the weekend regarding sleep behaviour, young people, parents, and clinicians should be mindful of the link between technology use and sleep.
Health and social characteristics of clients reporting amphetamine type substance use at entry to public alcohol and other drug services in New South Wales, Australia, 2016–2019
Authors: Black Emma , Mammen Kristie , Deacon Rachel M. , Ezard Nadine , Mills Llewellyn , Dunlop Adrian J. , Montebello Mark , Reid David , Childs Steven , Bruno Raimondo , Shakeshaft Anthony , Siefried Krista J. , Farrell Michael , Holmes Jennifer , Lintzeris Nicholas 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionAmphetamine type substances (ATS) are commonly used by Australian alcohol and other drug service entrants. We describe demographic characteristics, patterns of ATS and other substance use, health and social conditions among clients entering New South Wales (NSW) public alcohol and other drug services.MethodsRetrospective cohort of 13,864 records across six health districts (2016–2019) for clients seeking substance use treatment. These districts service approximately 44% of the NSW population aged 15 years and over. Multivariate analysis was conducted on a subsample for whom full data were available (N = 9981). Data included NSW Minimum Data Set for drug and alcohol treatment services and Australian Treatment Outcomes Profile items.ResultsOver the preceding 4 weeks, 77% (n = 10,610) of clients (N = 13,864) reported no recent ATS use, 15% (n = 2109) reported ‘low frequency’ (1–12 days) and 8% (n = 1145) ‘high frequency’ (13–28 days) use. ATS use was most common among people attending for ATS or opioids as primary drug of concern. A multinomial regression (N = 9981) identified that clients reporting recent arrest (aOR 1.74, 95% CI 1.36, 2.24), higher cannabis use frequency (aOR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00, 1.02), lower opioid use frequency (aOR 0.98, 95% CI 0.97, 0.99) and poorer quality of life (aOR 0.91, 95% CI 0.86, 0.97) were more likely to report ‘high frequency’ rather than ‘low frequency’ ATS use.Discussion and ConclusionsPeople who use ATS experience health and social issues that may require targeted responses. These should be integrated across all services, not only for clients with ATS as principal drug of concern.
Ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm with dynamic aortic regurgitation
Authors: Pollak Angela L. , Vega Eleanor , Whitacre Meredith , Nicoara Alina 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm (SVA) can present with dynamic aortic regurgitation (AR). Hemodynamic changes elicited by induction of general anesthesia can lead to dynamic AR in setting of ruptured SVA. Perioperative echocardiography is critical in understanding the etiology of AR and in guiding surgical decision‐making. If the aortic valve is structurally normal, AR may resolve following patch repair of the SVA rupture defect. Conventional measures of assessing AR severity are not accurate with continuous left‐to‐right flow across a ruptured SVA.
Correlates of Latina college students' dyadic coping with sisters
Authors: Killoren Sarah E. , Randall Ashley K. , Kline Gabrielle C. , Alfaro Edna C. , Campione‐Barr Nicole 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study examined Latina college students' perceptions of sisters' dyadic coping behaviors following stress disclosure, and how dyadic coping behaviors were associated with sibling relationship characteristics and familism values.BackgroundSibling relationships are protective when college students experience adversity.MethodThe sample included 195 Latina college students (Mage = 23.25 years, SD = 1.93) and path analysis was conducted to address the study goals.ResultsLatina college students perceived high levels of supportive, delegated, and common dyadic coping behaviors and moderate levels of negative dyadic coping behaviors from their sisters. Latina college students who lived with their sisters perceived more delegated dyadic coping behaviors than those who lived apart. Sibling intimacy was positively associated with perceptions of sisters' supportive, delegated, and common dyadic coping, but was not associated with negative dyadic coping behaviors. Sibling negativity was negatively associated with perceptions of sisters' supportive and common dyadic coping behaviors and positively associated with perceptions of sisters' negative dyadic coping behaviors. Further, Latina college students' stronger endorsement of familism values was associated with greater perceptions of sisters' supportive, delegated, and common dyadic coping behaviors.ConclusionOverall, our study showed that Latina college students perceived dyadic coping behaviors from their sisters, which were associated with aspects of their sibling relationship and their endorsement of familism values.ImplicationsContinuing to examine dyadic coping in siblings is important as it may have implications for family‐focused prevention and intervention programs.