bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Oscillatory Brain Activity during the Observation of Actions and Interactions between Point-light Agents
Authors: Friedrich Elisabeth V. C. , Zillekens Imme C. , Biel Anna Lena , O’Leary Dariusz , Singer Johannes , Seegenschmiedt Eva Victoria , Sauseng Paul , Schilbach Leonhard 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPredicting actions from nonverbal cues and using them to optimize one’s response behavior (i.e., interpersonal predictive coding) is essential in everyday social interactions. We aimed to investigate the neural correlates of different cognitive processes evolving over time during interpersonal predictive coding. Thirty-nine participants watched two agents depicted by moving point-light stimuli while an electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded. One well-recognizable agent performed either a ‘communicative’ or an ‘individual’ action. The second agent either was blended into a cluster of noise dots (i.e., present), or was entirely replaced by noise dots (i.e., absent), which participants had to differentiate. EEG amplitude and coherence analyses for theta, alpha and beta frequency bands revealed a dynamic pattern unfolding over time: Watching communicative actions was associated with enhanced coupling within medial anterior regions involved in social and mentalizing processes and with dorsolateral prefrontal activation indicating a higher deployment of cognitive resources. Trying to detect the agent in the cluster of noise dots without having seen communicative cues was related to enhanced coupling in posterior regions for social perception and visual processing. Observing an expected outcome was modulated by motor system activation. Finally, when the agent was detected correctly, activation in posterior areas for visual processing of socially-relevant features was increased. Taken together, our results demonstrate that it is crucial to consider the temporal dynamics of social interactions and of their neural correlates to better understand interpersonal predictive coding. This could lead to optimized treatment approaches for individuals with problems in social interactions.
Piezo1 mechanosensing regulates integrin-dependent chemotactic migration in human T cells
Authors: Liu Chinky Shiu Chen , Mandal Tithi , Biswas Parijat , Hoque Md. Asmaul , Bandopadhyay Purbita , Sinha Bishnu Prasad , Sarif Jafar , D’Rozario Ranit , Sinha Deepak Kumar , Sinha Bidisha , Ganguly Dipyaman 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTT cells are crucial for efficient antigen-specific immune responses and thus their migration within the body, to inflamed tissues from circulating blood or to secondary lymphoid organs, play a very critical role. T cell extravasation in inflamed tissues depends on chemotactic cues and interaction between endothelial adhesion molecules and cellular integrins. A migrating T cell is expected to sense diverse external and membrane-intrinsic mechano-physical cues, but molecular mechanisms of such mechanosensing in cell migration are not established. We explored if the professional mechanosensor Piezo1 play any role during integrin-dependent chemotaxis of human T cells. We found that deficiency of Piezo1 in human T cells interfered with integrin-dependent cellular motility on ICAM-1-coated surface. Piezo1 recruitment at the leading edge of moving T cells is dependent on and follows focal adhesion formation at the leading edge and local increase in membrane tension on chemokine receptor activation. Piezo1 recruitment and activation, followed by calcium influx and calpain activation, in turn are crucial for the integrin LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18) recruitment at the leading edge of the chemotactic human T cells. Thus, we find that Piezo1 activation in response to local mechanical cues constitutes a membrane-intrinsic component of the ‘outside-in’ signaling in human T cells, migrating in response to chemokines, that mediates integrin recruitment to the leading edge.
Intrahost SARS-CoV-2 k-mer identification method (iSKIM) for rapid detection of mutations of concern reveals emergence of global mutation patterns
Authors: Thommana Ashley , Shakya Migun , Gandhi Jaykumar , Fung Christian K. , Chain Patrick S.G. , Berry Irina Maljkovic , Conte Matthew A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDespite unprecedented global sequencing and surveillance of SARS-CoV-2, timely identification of the emergence and spread of novel variants of concern (VoCs) remains a challenge. Several million raw genome sequencing runs are now publicly available. We sought to survey these datasets for intrahost variation to study emerging mutations of concern. We developed iSKIM (“intrahost SARS-CoV-2 k-mer identification method”) to relatively quickly and efficiently screen the many SARS-CoV-2 datasets to identify intrahost mutations belonging to lineages of concern. Certain mutations surged in frequency as intrahost minor variants just prior to, or while lineages of concern arose. The Spike N501Y change common to several VoCs was found as a minor variant in 834 samples as early as October 2020. This coincides with the timing of the first detected samples with this mutation in the Alpha/B.1.1.7 and Beta/B.1.351 lineages. Using iSKIM, we also found that Spike L452R was detected as an intrahost minor variant as early as September 2020, prior to the observed rise of the Epsilon/B.1.429/B.1.427 lineages in late 2020. iSKIM rapidly screens for mutations of interest in raw data, prior to genome assembly, and can be used to detect increases in intrahost variants, potentially providing an early indication of novel variant spread.
Are family firms really reluctant to innovate? Evidence from IPOs
Authors: Ossorio Mario 
Published: August 2022

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to explore the family firms' propensity to undertake R&D investments after going public, showing how it varies due to the ownership structure.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis is based on a sample of 132 French and Italian family and nonfamily IPOs in the period 2013–2018.FindingsThe empirical findings show a positive relationship between the quantity of post-IPO shares retained by family owners and R&D investments. Furthermore, the abovementioned relationship is negatively affected by the generational stage and positively by the presence of a lone founder.Practical implicationsOutside investors of family firms may be assured in buying shares of founding family firms after going public because they are stimulated to undertake R&D investments and therefore create overall value in the long term. Furthermore, external managers of lone-founder and first-generation family firms can adopt innovation investments without fear of being replaced as a consequence of a hostile takeover. Lastly, private equity should support later generation family IPOs, providing them with capital and managerial skills in order to generate value for shareholders.Originality/valuePast studies have mostly shown family firms' reluctance to undertake R&D investments; however, scholars have focused on private or public family firms, ruling out the analysis of family firms' innovation behaviour within the setting of an IPO. To the best of the author's knowledge, this study represents the first empirical attempt to investigate the relationship between family firms and post-IPO innovation investments, when the capital infusion relaxes the financial constraints of family firms.
Partial least squares as a tool for scientific inquiry: comments on Cadogan and Lee
Authors: Henseler Jörg , Schuberth Florian 
Published: August 2022

Purpose
In their paper titled “A Miracle of Measurement or Accidental Constructivism? How PLS Subverts the Realist Search for Truth,” Cadogan and Lee (2022) cast serious doubt on PLS’s suitability for scientific studies. The purpose of this commentary is to discuss the claims of Cadogan and Lee, correct some inaccuracies, and derive recommendations for researchers using structural equation models.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses scenario analysis to show which estimators are appropriate for reflective measurement models and composite models, and formulates the statistical model that underlies PLS Mode A. It also contrasts two different perspectives: PLS as an estimator for structural equation models vs. PLS-SEM as an overarching framework with a sui generis logic.

Findings
There are different variants of PLS, which include PLS, consistent PLS, PLSe1, PLSe2, proposed ordinal PLS and robust PLS, each of which serves a particular purpose. All of these are appropriate for scientific inquiry if applied properly. It is not PLS that subverts the realist search for truth, but some proponents of a framework called “PLS-SEM.” These proponents redefine the term “reflective measurement,” argue against the assessment of model fit and suggest that researchers could obtain “confirmation” for their model.

Research limitations/implications
Researchers should be more conscious, open and respectful regarding different research paradigms.

Practical implications
Researchers should select a statistical model that adequately represents their theory, not necessarily a common factor model, and formulate their model explicitly. Particularly for instrumentalists, pragmatists and constructivists, the composite model appears promising. Researchers should be concerned about their estimator’s properties, not about whether it is called “PLS.” Further, researchers should critically evaluate their model, not seek confirmation or blindly believe in its value.

Originality/value
This paper critically appraises Cadogan and Lee (2022) and reminds researchers who wish to use structural equation modeling, particularly PLS, for their statistical analysis, of some important scientific principles.
Pre-owned fashion as sustainable consumerism? Opportunities and challenges in the Vietnam market
Authors: Hong Lan Lam , Watkins Jerry 
Published: August 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify opportunities and challenges for small- to medium-sized pre-owned fashion enterprises (SMEs) in Vietnam. While recent studies have identified the growth of pre-owned fashion in developed economies, pre-owned clothing remains negatively associated by some consumers with overseas charity donations of second-hand clothes to Vietnam, following the economic upheaval of the 1980s.Design/methodology/approachQualitative data were collected via semi-structured in-depth interviews with founders and/or owners of pre-owned fashion SMEs (n = 5, aged 25–40 years) with physical stores located in Ho Chi Minh City alongside online retail platforms. All interviewees are significant industry and consumer influencers.FindingsYounger Vietnamese consumers are motivated by (1) pre-owned fashion's value for money compared to buying new western branded luxury items and (2) the ability of pre-owned and vintage fashion to allow the wearer to create a unique personal style. While Vietnamese consumers and retailers associate “sustainable fashion” with various, often unrelated concepts, the impact of global and local discourse around sustainable fashion in the last five years has generally supported wider interest in pre-owned fashion.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the relatively modest pool of English-language research on the fashion and textiles industry in Vietnam, a global fast-fashion manufacturing hub. The findings advance understanding of how pre-owned fashion is growing as a high-end niche market despite significant supply chain restrictions as well as a lingering perception of pre-owned fashion as charitable donations.
The impacts of knowledge-oriented leadership on employees' knowledge management behaviors in Chinese based organizations: a qualitative study
Authors: Liu Yi , Zheng Haitao , Ghosh Koustab , Zheng Yaozhou , Liu Chao 
Published: August 2022

PurposeThis study aims to minimize the research gap by finding out what are the current state of knowledge management (KM) in the Chinese private science and technology organizations, the essential factors for promoting KM behaviors and the role of knowledge-oriented leadership in determining employees’ KM behaviors. Specifically, this research attempts to create a theoretical framework, which can be used to facilitate KM implementation in general, in the Chinese context in particular.Design/methodology/approachSemi-structured interviews with executives, senior managers and specialists were used to capture interviewees’ responses to the research question. The responses were analyzed with Nvivo to detect the obstacles of KM behaviors within Chinese private science and technology organizations.FindingsThis study highlights that poor KM behaviors are caused by knowledge-oriented leaders’ weak awareness of the KM values, and also these leaders are not equipped with the necessary knowledge-oriented leadership skills. As a result, there is a lack of knowledge sharing and knowledge inheritance. To respond to the identified KM related issues, while maximizing the KM values, some effective countermeasures focusing on the strategic, managerial as well as operational levels are proposed.Practical implicationsThere is a need for knowledge-oriented leaders to recognize the growing significance of KM practices, and to increase the level of awareness of KM values. To achieve such ambition, they need to build a corporate knowledge culture, which promotes knowledge development, application, preservation, sharing and inheritance.Originality/valueThis study contributes to deepening the understandings of the linkage between knowledge-oriented leadership and KM behaviors, which is of great significance to promote the soft power of KM on employees’ attitudes and behaviors.
Capecitabine and temozolomide (CAPTEM) is effective in metastatic well‐differentiated gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Dogan Izzet , Tastekin Didem , Karabulut Senem , Sakar Burak 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the outcomes and prognostic factors of patients with metastatic gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumor (mGI‐NET) who were treated with capecitabine and temozolomide (CAPTEM) and somatostatin receptor ligand (octreotide or lanreotide).MethodsClinicopathological characteristics and treatment outcomes of 43 patients with mGI‐NET were retrospectively evaluated. Overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) were evaluated using Kaplan–Meier curve. Cox‐regression analysis was used to assess prognostic variables.ResultsThere were 23 (53.5%) men and 20 women (46.5%) with a median age of 59 years (range 27–85 y). Patients were given octreotide (86.0%) or lanreotide (14.0%) with CAPTEM. In patients with well‐differentiated mGI‐NET, median PFS was 17.4 months, and the disease control rate was 71.1%. Patients with poorly differentiated mGI‐NET showed no response, and the median PFS was 4.5 months. Four (9.3%) discontinued the medication due to toxicity. Anemia (37.2%), thrombocytopenia (25.6%), and fatigue (16.3%) were the most prevalent adverse events. The 5‐year OS rate was 61.0% in all patients during a median follow‐up of 33.8 months. In multivariate analysis, age (P = 0.014) and tumor differentiation (P < 0.001) were statistically significant factors for OS.ConclusionsCAPTEM plus somatostatin receptor ligands were efficacious and well tolerated in individuals with well‐differentiated mGI‐NET. However, it was ineffective for those with poorly differentiated tumors. Age of 60 years or elder and poorly differentiated tumors were related to a poor patient prognosis.
Toward an ontology of tobacco, nicotine and vaping products
Authors: Cox Sharon , West Robert , Notley Caitlin , Soar Kirstie , Hastings Janna 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground and aimsOntologies are ways of representing information that improve clarity and the ability to connect different data sources. This paper proposes an initial version of an ontology of tobacco, nicotine and vaping products with the aim of reducing ambiguity and confusion in the field.MethodsTerms related to tobacco, nicotine and vaping products were identified in the research literature and their usage characterised. Basic Formal Ontology was used as a unifying upper‐level ontology to describe the domain, and classes with definitions and labels were developed linking them to this ontology. Labels, definitions and properties were reviewed and revised in an iterative manner until a coherent set of classes was agreed by the authors.ResultsOverlapping, but distinct classes were developed: ‘tobacco‐containing product’, ‘nicotine‐containing product’ and ‘vaping device’. Subclasses of tobacco‐containing products are ‘combustible tobacco‐containing product’, ‘heated tobacco product’ and ‘smokeless tobacco‐containing product’. Subclasses of combustible tobacco‐containing product include ‘cigar’, ‘cigarillo’, ‘bidi’ and ‘cigarette’ with further subclasses including ‘manufactured cigarette’. Manufactured cigarettes have properties that include ‘machine‐smoked nicotine yield’ and ‘machine‐smoked tar yield’. Subclasses of smokeless tobacco product include ‘nasal snuff’, ‘chewing tobacco product’, and ‘oral snuff’ with its subclass ‘snus’. Subclasses of nicotine‐containing product include ‘nicotine lozenge’ and ‘nicotine transdermal patch’. Subclasses of vaping device included ‘electronic vaping device’ with a further subclass, ‘e‐cigarette’. E‐cigarettes have evolved with a complex range of properties including atomiser resistance, battery power, properties of consumables including e‐liquid nicotine concentration and flavourings, and the ontology characterises classes of product accordingly.ConclusionsUse of an ontology of tobacco, nicotine and vaping products should help reduce ambiguity and confusion in tobacco control research and practice.
Durable scalable 3D SLA‐printed cuff electrodes with high performance carbon + PEDOT:PSS‐based contacts
Authors: Doering Onna Marie , Vetter Christian , Alhawwash Awadh , Horn M. Ryne , Yoshida Ken 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe stimulation and recording performance of implanted neural interfaces are functions of the physical and electrical characteristics of the neural interface, its electrode material and structure. Therefore, rapid optimization of such characteristics is becoming critical in most clinical and research studies. This paper describes the development of an upgraded 3D printed cuff electrode shell design containing a novel intrinsically conductive polymer (ICP) for stimulation and recording of peripheral nerve fibers.MethodsA 3D stereolithography (SLA) printer was used to print a scalable, custom designed, C‐cuff electrode and I‐beam closure for accurate, rapid implementation. A novel contact consisting of a percolated carbon graphite base electrodeposited with an intrinsically conductive polymer (ICP), poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) produced a PEDOT:PSS + carbon black (CB) matrix that was used to form the electrochemical interface on the structure. Prototype device performance was tested both in‐vitro and in‐vivo for electrical chemical capacity, electrochemical interfacial impedance, surgical handling, and implantability. The in‐vivo work was performed on the sciatic nerve of 25 anesthetized Sprague Dawley rats to demonstrate recording and stimulating ability.ResultsPrototypes of different spatial geometries and number of contacts (bipolar, tripolar, and tetrapolar) were designed. The design was successfully printed with inner diameters down to 500 μm. Standard bipolar and tripolar cuffs, with a 1.3 mm inner diameter (ID), 0.5 mm contact width, 1.0 mm pitch, and a 1.5 mm end distance were used for the functional tests. This geometry was appropriate for placement on the rat sciatic nerve and enabled in‐vivo testing in anesthetized rats. The contacts on the standard bipolar electrode had an area of 2.1 × 10−2 cm2. Cyclic voltammetry on ICP coated and uncoated graphite contacts showed that the ICP increased the average charge storage capacity (CSC) by a factor of 30. The corresponding impedance at 1 Hz was slightly above 1 kΩ, a 99.99% decrease from 100 kΩ in the uncoated state. The statistical comparison of the pre‐ versus post‐stimulation impedance measurements were not significantly different (p‐value > 0.05).ConclusionsThe new cuff electrode enables rapid development of cost‐effective functional stimulation devices targeting nerve bundles less than 1.0 mm in diameter. This allows for recording and modulation of a low‐frequency current targeted within the peripheral nervous system.
An empirical perspective on moral expertise: Evidence from a global study of philosophers
Authors: Niv Yarden , Sulitzeanu‐Kenan Raanan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractConsiderable attention in bioethics has been devoted to moral expertise and its implications for handling applied moral problems. The existence and nature of moral expertise has been a contested topic, and particularly, whether philosophers are moral experts. In this study, we put the question of philosophers’ moral expertise in a wider context, utilizing a novel and global study among 4,087 philosophers from 96 countries. We find that despite the skepticism in recent literature, the vast majority of philosophers do believe in moral expertise and in the contribution of philosophical training and experience to its acquisition. Yet, they still differ on what philosophers’ moral expertise consists of. While they widely accept that philosophers possess superior analytic abilities regarding moral matters, they diverge on whether they also possess improved ability to judge moral problems. Nonetheless, most philosophers in our sample believe that philosophers possess an improved ability to both analyze and judge moral problems and that they commonly see these two capacities as going hand in hand. We also point at significant associations between personal and professional attributes and philosophers’ beliefs, such as age, working in the field of moral philosophy, public involvement, and association with the analytic tradition. We discuss the implications of these findings for the debate about moral expertise.
Dynamics of initial carbon allocation after drought release in mature Norway spruce—Increased belowground allocation of current photoassimilates covers only half of the carbon used for fine‐root growth
Authors: Hikino Kyohsuke , Danzberger Jasmin , Riedel Vincent P. , Hesse Benjamin D. , Hafner Benjamin D. , Gebhardt Timo , Rehschuh Romy , Ruehr Nadine K. , Brunn Melanie , Bauerle Taryn L. , Landhäusser Simon M. , Lehmann Marco M. , Rötzer Thomas , Pretzsch Hans , Buegger Franz , Weikl Fabian , Pritsch Karin , Grams Thorsten E. E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAfter drought events, tree recovery depends on sufficient carbon (C) allocation to the sink organs. The present study aimed to elucidate dynamics of tree‐level C sink activity and allocation of recent photoassimilates (Cnew) and stored C in c. 70‐year‐old Norway spruce (Picea abies) trees during a 4‐week period after drought release. We conducted a continuous, whole‐tree 13C labeling in parallel with controlled watering after 5 years of experimental summer drought. The fate of Cnew to growth and CO2 efflux was tracked along branches, stems, coarse‐ and fine roots, ectomycorrhizae and root exudates to soil CO2 efflux after drought release. Compared with control trees, drought recovering trees showed an overall 6% lower C sink activity and 19% less allocation of Cnew to aboveground sinks, indicating a low priority for aboveground sinks during recovery. In contrast, fine‐root growth in recovering trees was seven times greater than that of controls. However, only half of the C used for new fine‐root growth was comprised of Cnew while the other half was supplied by stored C. For drought recovery of mature spruce trees, in addition to Cnew, stored C appears to be critical for the regeneration of the fine‐root system and the associated water uptake capacity.