bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Within-job gender pay inequality in 15 countries
Authors: Penner Andrew M. , Petersen Trond , Hermansen Are Skeie , Rainey Anthony , Boza István , Elvira Marta M. , Godechot Olivier , Hällsten Martin , Henriksen Lasse Folke , Hou Feng , Mrčela Aleksandra Kanjuo , King Joe , Kodama Naomi , Kristal Tali , Křížková Alena , Lippényi Zoltán , Melzer Silvia Maja , Mun Eunmi , Apascaritei Paula , Avent-Holt Dustin , Bandelj Nina , Hajdu Gergely , Jung Jiwook , Poje Andreja , Sabanci Halil , Safi Mirna , Soener Matthew , Tomaskovic-Devey Donald , Tufail Zaibu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractExtant research on the gender pay gap suggests that men and women who do the same work for the same employer receive similar pay, so that processes sorting people into jobs are thought to account for the vast majority of the pay gap. Data that can identify women and men who do the same work for the same employer are rare, and research informing this crucial aspect of gender differences in pay is several decades old and from a limited number of countries. Here, using recent linked employer–employee data from 15 countries, we show that the processes sorting people into different jobs account for substantially less of the gender pay differences than was previously believed and that within-job pay differences remain consequential.
AlphaFill: enriching AlphaFold models with ligands and cofactors
Authors: Hekkelman Maarten L. , de Vries Ida , Joosten Robbie P. , Perrakis Anastassis 
Published: November 2022

AbstractArtificial intelligence-based protein structure prediction approaches have had a transformative effect on biomolecular sciences. The predicted protein models in the AlphaFold protein structure database, however, all lack coordinates for small molecules, essential for molecular structure or function: hemoglobin lacks bound heme; zinc-finger motifs lack zinc ions essential for structural integrity and metalloproteases lack metal ions needed for catalysis. Ligands important for biological function are absent too; no ADP or ATP is bound to any of the ATPases or kinases. Here we present AlphaFill, an algorithm that uses sequence and structure similarity to ‘transplant’ such ‘missing’ small molecules and ions from experimentally determined structures to predicted protein models. The algorithm was successfully validated against experimental structures. A total of 12,029,789 transplants were performed on 995,411 AlphaFold models and are available together with associated validation metrics in the alphafill.eu databank, a resource to help scientists make new hypotheses and design targeted experiments.
Rhodiola pre-conditioning reduces exhaustive exercise-induced myocardial injury of insulin resistant mice
Authors: You Baiyang , Cheng Jing , Dun Yaoshan , Ripley-Gonzalez Jeffrey W. , Liu Jie , Li Dezhao , Fu Siqian , Hong Chuangxiong , Liu Suixin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMyocardial injury reduction and recovery under acute cardiac stress are adversely impacted by insulin resistance (IR). We previously demonstrated that Rhodiola improved cardiac anti-stress capacity in mice. Thus, this study focuses on the preventive efficacy of Rhodiola on exhaustive exercise (EE)-induced myocardial injury of IR mice. An 8-week high-fat diet (HFD) model of IR mice was established. Rhodiola was administrated by garaging. After the 8-week intervention, half of the mice performed EE to simulate acute cardiac stress, and determine myocardial injury; The remaining mice were sacrificed following fasting to assess metabolic disorder. We found myocardial injury induced by EE in IR mice was worse and was alleviated by Rhodiola pre-conditioning. Further, the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-related antioxidant system was impaired by HFD, while mitochondrial dynamic fusion and fission were activated by HFD as a physiological protective compensation. The Rhodiola administration rescued Nrf2 impairment and further facilitated mitochondrial fusion and fission. All these results indicate that Rhodiola is a potential treatment for the prevention of cardiac events in type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome patients, and the Nrf2-related antioxidant activity and mitochondrial dynamics are the proposed mechanisms.
Predicting the potential global distribution of an invasive alien pest Trioza erytreae (Del Guercio) (Hemiptera: Triozidae)
Authors: Aidoo Owusu Fordjour , Souza Philipe Guilherme Corcino , da Silva Ricardo Siqueira , Júnior Paulo Antonio Santana , Picanço Marcelo Coutinho , Kyerematen Rosina , Sétamou Mamoudou , Ekesi Sunday , Borgemeister Christian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe impact of invasive alien pests on agriculture, food security, and biodiversity conservation has been worsened by climate change caused by the rising earth’s atmospheric greenhouse gases. The African citrus triozid, Trioza erytreae (Del Guercio; Hemiptera: Triozidae), is an invasive pest of all citrus species. It vectors the phloem-limited bacterium “Candidatus Liberibacter africanus”, a causal agent of citrus greening disease or African Huanglongbing (HLB). Understanding the global distribution of T. erytreae is critical for surveillance, monitoring, and eradication programs. Therefore, we combined geospatial and physiological data of T. erytreae to predict its global distribution using the CLIMEX model. The model’s prediction matches T. erytreae present-day distribution and shows that parts of the Mediterranean region have moderate (0 < EI < 30) to high (EI > 30) suitability for the pest. The model predicts habitat suitability in the major citrus-producing countries, such as Mexico, Brazil, China, India, and the USA. In the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) A1B and A2 scenarios, the model predicts a reduction in habitat suitability from the current time to 2070. The findings show that global citrus production will continue to be threatened by T. erytreae. However, our study provides relevant information for biosecurity and risk assessment.
Proteomics reveals unique identities of human TGF-β-induced and thymus-derived CD4+ regulatory T cells
Authors: Mensink Mark , Schrama Ellen , Cuadrado Eloy , Amsen Derk , de Kivit Sander , Borst Jannie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe CD4+ regulatory T (Treg) cell lineage, defined by FOXP3 expression, comprises thymus-derived (t)Treg cells and peripherally induced (p)Treg cells. As a model for Treg cells, studies employ TGF-β-induced (i)Treg cells generated from CD4+ conventional T (Tconv) cells in vitro. Here, we describe how human iTreg cells relate to human blood-derived tTreg and Tconv cells according to proteomic analysis. Each of these cell populations had a unique protein expression pattern. iTreg cells had very limited overlap in protein expression with tTreg cells, regardless of cell activation status and instead shared signaling and metabolic proteins with Tconv cells. tTreg cells had a uniquely modest response to CD3/CD28-mediated stimulation. As a benchmark, we used a previously defined proteomic signature that discerns ex vivo naïve and effector Treg cells from Tconv cells and includes conserved Treg cell properties. iTreg cells largely lacked this Treg cell core signature and highly expressed e.g. STAT4 and NFATC2, which may contribute to inflammatory responses. We also used a proteomic signature that distinguishes ex vivo effector Treg cells from Tconv cells and naïve Treg cells. iTreg cells contained part of this effector Treg cell signature, suggesting acquisition of pTreg cell features. In conclusion, iTreg cells are distinct from tTreg cells and share limited features with ex vivo Treg cells at the proteomic level.
Development of a wearable belt with integrated sensors for measuring multiple physiological parameters related to heart failure
Authors: Iqbal Sheikh M. A. , Mahgoub Imadeldin , Du E , Leavitt Mary Ann , Asghar Waseem 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHeart failure is a chronic disease, the symptoms of which occur due to a lack of cardiac output. It can be better managed with continuous and real time monitoring. Some efforts have been made in the past for the management of heart failure. Most of these efforts were based on a single parameter for example thoracic impedance or heart rate alone. Herein, we report a wearable device that can provide monitoring of multiple physiological parameters related to heart failure. It is based on the sensing of multiple parameters simultaneously including thoracic impedance, heart rate, electrocardiogram and motion activity. These parameters are measured using different sensors which are embedded in a wearable belt for their continuous and real time monitoring. The healthcare wearable device has been tested in different conditions including sitting, standing, laying, and walking. Results demonstrate that the reported wearable device keeps track of the aforementioned parameters in all conditions.
Analysis of serum circulating MicroRNAs level in Malaysian patients with gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Jamalpour Sajad , Zain Shamsul Mohd , Vazifehmand Reza , Mohamed Zahurin , Pung Yuh Fen , Kamyab Hesam , Omar Siti Zawiah 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a severe global issue that requires immediate attention. MicroRNA expression abnormalities are possibly disease-specific and may contribute to GDM pathological processes. To date, there is limited data on miRNA profiling in GDM, especially that involves a longitudinal study. Here, we performed miRNA expression profiling in the entire duration of pregnancy (during pregnancy until parturition and postpartum) using a miRNA- polymerase chain reaction array (miRNA-PCRArray) and in-silico analysis to identify unique miRNAs expression and their anticipated target genes in Malay maternal serum. MiRNA expression levels and their unique potential as biomarkers were explored in this work. In GDM patients, the expression levels of hsa-miR-193a, hsa-miR-21, hsa-miR-23a, and hsa-miR-361 were significantly increased, but miR-130a was significantly downregulated. The area under the curve (AUC) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve study demonstrated that hsa-miR-193a (AUC = 0.89060 ± 04,470, P = 0.0001), hsa-miR-21 (AUC = 0.89500 ± 04,411, P = 0.0001), and miR-130a (AUC = 0.6939 ± 0.05845, P = 0.0025) had potential biomarker features in GDM. In-silico analysis also revealed that KLF (Kruppel-Like family of transcription factor), ZNF25 (Zinc finger protein 25), AFF4 (ALF transcription elongation factor 4), C1orf143 (long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 2869), SRSF2 (serine and arginine rich splicing factor 2), and ZNF655 (Zinc finger protein 655) were prominent genes targeted by the common nodes of miR23a, miR130, miR193a, miR21, and miR361.Our findings suggest that circulating microRNAs in the first trimester has the potential for GDM screening in the Malay population.
Non-destructive analysis of a mixed H2O–CO2 fluid in experimental noble-metal capsule by means of freezing and high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction
Authors: Tumiati Simone , Merlini Marco , Amalfa Andrea , Di Michiel Marco , Toffolo Luca 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHigh-pressure high-temperature syntheses that involve volatile-bearing aqueous fluids are typically accomplished by enclosing the samples in gas-tight welded shut noble-metal capsules, from which the bulk volatile content must be extracted to be analyzed with mass spectroscopy, hence making the analysis non-replicable. Here we describe a novel non-destructive method that ensures the identification and the quantitative estimate of the volatiles directly in the sealed capsule, focusing on fluid H2O–CO2 mixtures equilibrated with graphite at conditions of geological interest (1 GPa, 800 °C). We used a high-energy (77 keV) synchrotron X-ray radiation combined with a cryostat to produce X-ray diffraction patterns and X-ray diffraction microtomographic cross-sections of the volatile-bearing samples down to –180 °C, thus encompassing the conditions at which crystalline phases-solid CO2 and clathrate (CO2 hydrate)-form. The uncertainty of the method is < 15 mol%, which reflects the difference between the volatile proportion estimated by both Rietveld refinement of the diffraction data and by image analysis of the microtomograms, and the reference value measured by quadrupole mass spectrometry. Therefore, our method can be reliably applied to the analysis of frozen H2O–CO2 mixtures and, moreover, has the potential to be extended to experimental fluids of geological interest containing other volatiles, such as CH4, SO2 and H2S.
In silico and in vitro analysis of microRNAs with therapeutic potential in atherosclerosis
Authors: Mahjoubin-Tehran Maryam , Aghaee-Bakhtiari Seyed Hamid , Sahebkar Amirhossein , Butler Alexandra E. , Oskuee Reza Kazemi , Jalili Amin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAtherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease in which aberrant lipid metabolism plays a key role. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), micro-coordinators of gene expression, have been recently proposed as novel clinical biomarkers and potential therapeutic tools for a broad spectrum of diseases. This study aimed to identify miRNAs with therapeutic potential in atherosclerosis. Bioinformatic databases, including experimentally validated and computational prediction tools as well as a novel combination method, were used to identify miRNAs that are able to simultaneously inhibit key genes related to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Further validation of genes and miRNAs was conducted using the STRING online tool, KEGG pathway analysis and DIANA-miRPath. The inhibitory effects of the identified miRNAs in HepG2 and Huh7 cells were verified by real-time PCR. The MTT assay was utilized to evaluate cell cytotoxicity effects of miRNAs. Atherosclerotic drug-targeted genes were selected as key genes. Strong interactions between genes were confirmed using STRING. These genes were shown to be integral to critical pathological processes involved in atherosclerosis. A novel combined method of validated and predicted tools for the identification of effective miRNAs was defined as the combination score (C-Score). Bioinformatic analysis showed that hsa-miR-124-3p and hsa-miR-16-5p possessed the best C-Score (0.68 and 0.62, respectively). KEGG and DIANA-miRPath analysis showed that selected genes and identified miRNAs were involved in atherosclerosis-related pathways. Compared with the controls in both HepG2 and Huh7 cell lines, miR-124 significantly reduced the expression of CETP, PCSK9, MTTP, and APOB, and miR-16 significantly reduced the expression of APOCIII, CETP, HMGCR, PCSK9, MTTP, and APOB, respectively. The cytotoxicity assay showed that miR-124 reduced cell viability, especially after 72 h; however, miR-16 did not show any significant cytotoxicity in either cell line. Our findings indicate that hsa-miR-124 and miR-16 have potential for use as therapeutic candidates in the treatment of atherosclerosis.
Suppressing gain-of-function proteins via CRISPR/Cas9 system in SCA1 cells
Authors: Pappadà Mariangela , Bonuccelli Ottavia , Buratto Mattia , Fontana Riccardo , Sicurella Mariaconcetta , Caproni Anna , Fuselli Silvia , Benazzo Andrea , Bertorelli Roberto , De Sanctis Veronica , Cavallerio Paolo , Simioni Valentina , Tugnoli Valeria , Salvatori Francesca , Marconi Peggy 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSCAs are autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorders caused by a gain-of-function protein with toxic activities, containing an expanded polyQ tract in the coding region. There are no treatments available to delay the onset, stop or slow down the progression of these pathologies. In this work we focus our attention on SCA1 which is one of the most common genotypes circulating in Italy. Here, we develop a CRISPR/Cas9-based approach to reduce both forms of the ATXN1 protein, normal and mutated with expanded polyQ. We started with the screening of 10 different sgRNAs able to target Exon 8 of the ATXN1 gene. The two most promising sgRNAs were validated in fibroblasts isolated from SCA1 patients, following the identification of the best transfection method for this type of cell. Our silencing approach significantly downregulated the expression of ataxin1, due to large deletions and the introduction of small changes in the ATXN1 gene, evidenced by NGS analysis, without major effects on cell viability. Furthermore, very few significant guide RNA-dependent off-target effects were observed. These preliminary results not only allowed us to identify the best transfection method for SCA1 fibroblasts, but strongly support CRISPR/Cas9 as a promising approach for the treatment of expanded polyQ diseases. Further investigations will be needed to verify the efficacy of our silencing system in SCA1 neurons and animal models.
Effect of TX-100 pretreatment on carbon paste electrode for selective sensing of dopamine in presence of paracetamol
Authors: Kumara J. K. Shashi , Swamy B. E. Kumara , Jayaprakash G. K. , Sharma S. C. , Flores.-Moreno Roberto , Mohanty Kaustubha , Hariprasad S. A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDopamine (DA) is one of the chief neurotransmitters present in the central nervous system of mammals. Therefore detection of DA in presence of various analytes like paracetamol has great importance. In the current work, we are proposing that Triton X-100 (TX-100) pretreated carbon paste electrode (CPE) can be useful to detect the DA selectively in presence of PA. After the pretreatment CPE can detect DA in presence of PA effectively. Cyclic voltammetry was employed to observe the amplified electron transfer reaction between the modified CPE and DA. To understand electron transfer regioselectivity at the TX-100 pretreated CPE, a dual descriptor was used. The prepared electrode showed satisfactory stability when kept under ambient conditions. The proposed approach also showed excellent analytical applicability to identify DA and PA in commercial formulations. The scope of the work is limited to detecting DA in presence of PA. We will consider the other interferes for future works.
Dynamic monitoring and analysis of factors influencing ecological environment quality in northern Anhui, China, based on the Google Earth Engine
Authors: Wang Xia , Yao Xiaojie , Jiang Changzheng , Duan Wei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMonitoring the ecological environment quality is an important task that is often connected to achieving sustainable development. Timely and accurate monitoring can provide a scientific basis for regional land use planning and environmental protection. Based on the Google Earth Engine platform coupled with the greenness, humidity, heat, and dryness identified in remote sensing imagery, this paper constructed a remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) covering northern Anhui and quantitatively analyzed the characteristics of the spatiotemporal changes in the ecological environment quality from 2001 to 2020. Geodetector software was used to explore the mechanism driving the characteristics of spatial differentiation in the ecological environment quality. The main conclusions were as follows. First, the ecological environment quality in northern Anhui declined rapidly from 2001 to 2005, but the rate of decline slowed from 2005 to 2020 and a trend of improvement gradually emerged. The ecological environment quality of Huainan from 2001 to 2020 was better and more stable compared with other regional cities. Bengbu and Suzhou showed a trend of initially declining and then improving. Huaibei, Fuyang, and Bozhou demonstrated a trend of a fluctuating decline over time. Second, vegetation coverage was the main influencing factor of the RSEI, while rainfall was a secondary factor in northern Anhui from 2001 to 2020. Finally, interactions were observed between the factors, and the explanatory power of these factors increased significantly after the interaction. The most apparent interaction was between vegetation coverage and rainfall (q = 0.404). In addition, we found that vegetation abundance had a positive impact on ecological environment quality, while population density and urbanization had negative impacts, and the ecological environment quality of wetlands was the highest. Our research will provide a theoretical basis for environmental protection and support the high-quality development of northern Anhui.
Improvement of the cell viability of hepatocytes cultured in three-dimensional collagen gels using pump-free perfusion driven by water level difference
Authors: Ishida-Ishihara Sumire , Takada Ryota , Furusawa Kazuya , Ishihara Seiichiro , Haga Hisashi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCell-containing collagen gels are one of the materials employed in tissue engineering and drug testing. A collagen gel is a useful three-dimensional (3D) scaffold that improves various cell functions compared to traditional two-dimensional plastic substrates. However, owing to poor nutrient availability, cells are not viable in thick collagen gels. Perfusion is an effective method for supplying nutrients to the gel. In this study, we maintained hepatocytes embedded in a 3D collagen gel using a simple pump-free perfusion cell culture system with ordinary cell culture products. Flow was generated by the difference in water level in the culture medium. Hepatocytes were found to be viable in a collagen gel of thickness 3.26 (± 0.16 S.E.)-mm for 3 days. In addition, hepatocytes had improved proliferation and gene expression related to liver function in a 3D collagen gel compared to a 2D culture dish. These findings indicate that our perfusion method is useful for investigating the cellular functions of 3D hydrogels.
Development of an insilico model of eccrine sweat using molecular modelling techniques
Authors: Deshpande Parijat , Ravikumar Bharath , Tallur Siddharth , Paul Debjani , Rai Beena 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEccrine sweat is an ideal surrogate diagnostic biofluid for physiological and metabolic biomarkers for wearable biosensor design. Its periodic and non-invasive availability for candidate analytes such as glucose and cortisol along with limited correlation with blood plasma is of significant research interest. An insilico model of eccrine sweat can assist in the development of such wearable biosensors. In this regard, molecular modelling can be employed to observe the most fundamental interactions. Here, we determine a suitable molecular model for building eccrine sweat. The basic components of sweat are water and sodium chloride, in which glucose and other analytes are present in trace quantities. Given the wide range of water models available in the molecular dynamics space, in this study, we first validate the water models. We use three compounds to represent the base to build bulk sweat fluid and validate the force fields. We compare the self-diffusivity of water, glucose, sodium, and chloride ions as well as bulk viscosity values and present the results which are > 90% accurate as compared with the available literature. This validated insilico eccrine sweat model can serve as an aid to expedite the development de novo biosensors by addition of other analytes of interest e.g. cortisol, uric acid etc., simulate various temperatures and salt concentrations, expand search space for screening candidate target receptors by their binding affinity and assess the interference between competing species via simulations.