bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Giving and going: US congregational participation in disaster response
Authors: Gazley Beth , Fulton Brad R. , Zebrowski Wesley Mlsna , King David P. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWith the increase in the severity of natural disasters linked to climate change, the role religious congregations play in response is not well known, despite their substantial involvement in general charitable activity. Most disaster response research is event‐based, ex post, and not focused on religious institutions or donor capacity considerations. Data from the National Study of Congregational Economic Practices fill this gap. The findings indicate that in 2017, a substantial percentage of US congregations participated in disaster‐related charitable giving and volunteering. However, the profiles of participating congregations are nuanced and do not always follow prior theory. A congregation's religious tradition is less predictive than some might expect in the context of disasters. Consistent with open systems theory, we find that congregations' interorganizational networks and their proximity to disaster areas are better predictors of participating in disaster relief efforts. Based on our finding of robust congregational participation in disasters, we call for more integration of religious institutions in nonprofit disaster response research.
Theoretical study on excited state intramolecular proton transfer mechanism of thiazole complex in different kinds of solvents
Authors: Liu Xiumin , Li Qingyue , Wang Conggang , Tian Jing , Fei Xu , Wang Yi , Wang Nan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) processes of 3‐(benzo[d]‐ thiazol‐2‐yl)‐2‐hydroxy‐5‐methoxybenzaldehyde (BTHMB) in four kinds of solvents were studied using density functional theory (DFT) and time‐dependent DFT (TDDFT) method. As the solvent dielectric constant decreases, the strength of hydrogen bonds (H‐bonds) in the excited state decreases. After photoexciation, the electron density rearrangement could be affected by the solvents, while the degree of charge transfer and the hydrogen bond interaction in the excited state became lower as the solvent dielectric constant decreased. The potential energy curves displayed the complete process of ESIPT, indicating that the ESIPT process of BTHMB was affected by the solvent polarity. When the solvent dielectric constant decreased, the tendency of proton transfer followed the trend: acetonitrile (ACN) > dichloromethane (DCM) > chloroform (CHCl3) > 1,4‐dioxane (DOX). Therefore, the ESIPT process was affected by the solvent polarity and became more difficult to occur as the solvent dielectric constant decreased.
Synthesis and evaluation of novel xanthine‐acrylamides and xanthine‐acrylates as insecticidal agents
Authors: Zhang Shuyun , Liu Hang , Yang Na , Xiong Lixia , Wang Baolei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe design and discovery of novel pesticidal agents according to bioactive natural products is an important aspect of agrochemical innovation. New xanthine derivatives derived from natural xanthine or methylxanthines are rich resources that possess great potential to afford new active pesticidal molecules. Herein novel xanthine derivatives were designed through a strategy of combining the methylxanthine caffeine skeleton with the acrylamide or acrylate motif of cinnamic acid derivatives.RESULTSA series of novel (E)‐3‐(1,3,7‐trimethyl‐2,6‐dioxo‐2,3,6,7‐tetrahydro‐1H‐purin‐8‐yl)acrylic acid derivatives, caffeine‐(E)‐acrylamides and caffeine‐(E)‐acrylates, were synthesized and confirmed via melting points, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and high‐resolution mass spectrometry. A single crystal of compound I12 was obtained to illustrate the trans‐configuration of the vinyl double bond. Preliminary insecticidal evaluations showed that some of the compounds had favorable insecticidal potentials against Mythimna separata Walker at 200 mg L−1. Some of the compounds exhibited excellent insecticidal activity against Plutella xylostella L. at low test concentrations, e.g. I18 and I24 with LC50 values of 0.0435 and 0.0133 mg L−1, respectively, were found to be more potent than the insecticide control triflumuron. The structure–activity relationship (SAR) analysis is also given in detail.CONCLUSIONCompounds I12, I18, I24 and I26 generated from the integration of natural methylxanthine (caffeine) and acrylate moieties could be novel insecticidal leading compounds for further structural optimization. The SAR analysis may bring a new inspiration to the extensive and deep investigations on new xanthine derivatives in the agrochemical area.
Cardamonin attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by activating the HIF‐1α/VEGFA pathway
Authors: Ni Hongzao , Li Jinxiao , Zheng Jinyu , Zhou Botao 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCardamonin is a chalcone with neuroprotective activity. The aim of our study was to explore the functions and mechanism of action of cardamonin in ischemic stroke. Oxygen–glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R)‐induced human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) and middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mouse model were utilized to mimic ischemic stroke. Cell viability was analyzed by 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐2H‐tetrazolium bromide. Permeability was investigated via fluorescein isothiocyanate‐dextran assay. Apoptosis was detected by TdT‐Mediated dUTP Nick End Labeling staining. Hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF)‐1α and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) protein levels were measured using Western blotting. Brain injury was evaluated by 2,3,5‐triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining, neurological score and brain water content. The 37 overlapping targets of ischemic stroke and cardamonin were predicted to be associated with the HIF‐1/VEGFA signaling. Cardamonin alleviated OGD/R‐induced viability reduction and increase of permeability and apoptosis in HBMECs. Cardamonin increased OGD/R‐induced activation of the HIF‐1α/VEGFA pathway. Inhibition of the HIF‐1α/VEGFA signaling using inhibitor relieved the effect of cardamonin on cell viability, permeability and apoptosis in HBMECs under OGD/R. Cardamonin mitigated brain injury and promoted activation of the HIF‐1α/VEGFA signaling in MCAO‐treated mice. Overall, cardamonin protected against OGD/R‐induced HBMEC damage and MACO‐induced brain injury through activating the HIF‐1α/VEGFA pathway.
Chromone‐Appended Zn(II) tRNA‐Targeted Potential Anticancer Chemotherapeutic Agent: Structural Details, in vitro ct‐DNA/tRNA Binding, Cytotoxicity Studies And Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Khursheed Salman , Zehra Siffeen , Riosnel Theirry , Tabassum Sartaj , Arjmand Farukh 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA 3‐formyl‐chromone‐appended zinc(II) intercalator drug candidate of the formulation [bis(chromone)(H 2 O)2 Zn(II)] was prepared as a potent anticancer agent and thoroughly characterized by multi‐spectroscopic and single X‐ray crystallographic studies. Preliminary binding studies of complex 1 with ct‐DNA/tRNA were carried out employing various complementary biophysical techniques and the corroborative results of these experiments suggested strong binding propensity via intercalation binding mode towards ct‐DNA/tRNA therapeutic targets, with higher preference for tRNA as quantified by binding constant { K b , K and K sv } parameters. The cleavage studies with pBR322 DNA were performed which implied that 1 cleaved the DNA by hydrolytic cleavage pathway which was further validated by T4 religation assay. Moreover, 1 was found to exhibit the tRNA cleavage behavior in a concentration and time‐dependent manner. The cytotoxicity of complex 1 was evaluated against Huh‐7, DU‐145 and the PNT2 cell lines by MTT assay. A dose‐dependent growth inhibition of the Huh‐7 and DU‐145 cells at low micromolar concentrations was observed and in another set of experiments, lipid peroxidation & glutathione (GSH) depletion were induced in the presence of the tested drug candidate. Interestingly, drug candidate 1 demonstrated selective cytotoxic activity for the DU‐145 cancer cell line with LC50 value of 3.2 μM which was further visualized by confocal microscopy.
In‐Situ Stabilizing Nano‐Ag onto Nonwoven Fabrics via a Mussel‐Inspired Approach for Continuous‐Flow Catalysis Reduction of Organic Dyes
Authors: Sha Zhou , Fan Jiahui , Lu Jian , He Huan , Hong Bo , Fei Xiang , Zhu Meifang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA novel nonwoven‐fabric‐supported‐nano‐Ag (NWF/Ag) reactor was obtained via a mussel‐inspired in‐situ fabrication method. The resulting NWF/Ag features a high catalytic activity for the reduction reaction of organic dyes in the presence of sodium borohydride. More importantly, it is also feasible for the scale‐up catalysis in NWF/Ag‐assembled continuous‐flow reactors. Such a NWF/Ag catalyst preserves the fiber‐based three‐dimensional architecture to effectively drive the continuous‐flow catalysis reactions at unprecedented efficiency, benefiting from it the easy diffusion of dye molecules to access the active catalytic sites of nano‐Ag. Moreover, the resulting NWF/Ag composites can serve as versatile platforms to assemble continuous‐flow reactors in different shapes, sizes, and configurations to extend the catalysis applications. In this study, the catalytic reduction conversion of methylene blue can reach more than 98 % in 270 seconds using the NWF/Ag‐based channel‐type continuous‐flow reactor. It also preserves good catalytic reduction performance to other organic dyes, including methyl orange and acid orange 7. The NWF‐based platforms, combined with a rational designed approach of surface functionalization and hybridization, probably provide new insights into the catalytic reduction of organic dyes in a continuous‐flow way.
Electrochemical Synthesis of Tungstate Bimetallic Nanoparticles with Application in Electrocatalytic Determination of Paracetamol
Authors: Azizi Somayeh , Asadpour‐Zeynali Karim 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this work binary, cobalt‐nickel tungstate nanoparticles (CoNiWO4‐NPs) were electrochemically synthesized on glassy carbon electrode. The electrochemically synthesized nanoparticles have been characterized using different techniques such as X‐ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X‐ray spectrometer (EDX), and elemental distribution maps. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) has also been used to determine the electrocatalytic properties of CoNiWO4 nanoparticles. The electrochemical behaviour of paracetamol was studied on a glassy carbon electrode modified with CoNiWO4‐NPs. This sensor exhibits excellent electrocatalytic properties for the oxidation of paracetamol and can be successfully used to determine paracetamol in various samples, including paracetamol tablets and syrup.
Copper Azide Nanoparticle‐Encapsulating MOF‐Derived Porous Carbon: Electrochemical Preparation for High‐Performance Primary Explosive Film
Authors: Yu Chunpei , Zhang Wenchao , Xian Mingchun , Wang Jiaxin , Chen Junhong , Chen Yajie , Shi Wei , Yang Gexing , Ye Jiahai , Ma Kefeng , Zhu Junwu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIt is highly desired but still remains challenging to design a primary explosive‐based nanoparticle‐encapsulated conductive skeleton for the development of powerful yet safe energetic films employed in miniaturized explosive systems. Herein, a proof‐of‐concept electrochemical preparation of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) derived porous carbon embedding copper‐based azide (Cu(N3)2 or CuN3, CA) nanoparticles on copper substrate is described. A Cu‐based MOF, i.e., Cu‐BTC is fabricated based on anodized Cu(OH)2 nanorods, as a template, to achieve CA/C film through pyrolysis and electrochemical azidation. Such a CA/C film, which is woven by numerous ultrafine nanofibers, favorably demonstrates excellent energy release (945–2090 J g‐1), tunable electrostatic sensitivity (0.22–1.39 mJ), and considerable initiation ability. The performance is superior to most reported primary explosives, since the CA nanoparticles contribute to high brisance and the protection of the porous carbon network. Notably, the growth mechanism of the CA/C film is further disclosed by detailed experimental investigation and density functional theory (DFT) calculation. This work will offer new insight to design and develop a CA‐based primary explosive film for applications in advanced explosive systems.
Understanding software architecture erosion: A systematic mapping study
Authors: Li Ruiyin , Liang Peng , Soliman Mohamed , Avgeriou Paris 
Published: February 2022

AbstractArchitecture erosion (AEr) can adversely affect software development and has received significant attention in the last decade. However, there is an absence of a comprehensive understanding of the state of research about the reasons and consequences of AEr, and the countermeasures to address AEr. This work aims at systematically investigating, identifying, and analyzing the reasons, consequences, and ways of detecting and handling AEr. With 73 studies included, the main results are as follows: (1) AEr manifests not only through architectural violations and structural issues but also causing problems in software quality and during software evolution; (2) non‐technical reasons that cause AEr should receive the same attention as technical reasons, and practitioners should raise awareness of the grave consequences of AEr, thereby taking actions to tackle AEr‐related issues; (3) a spectrum of approaches, tools, and measures has been proposed and employed to detect and tackle AEr; and (4) three categories of difficulties and five categories of lessons learned on tackling AEr were identified. The results can provide researchers a comprehensive understanding of AEr and help practitioners handle AEr and improve the sustainability of their architecture. More empirical studies are required to investigate the practices of detecting and addressing AEr in industrial settings.
Treatment of an aneurysmal bone cyst in a young dog: A case report
Authors: Olimpo Matteo , Del Magno Sara , Morello Emanuela , Lenarduzzi Giulio , Buracco Paolo , Piras Lisa Adele 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundAn aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a rare benign lytic lesion affecting the medullary canal of long bones. It has been widely reported in human medicine, but rarely described in domestic animals.ObjectiveTo report the surgical treatment and long term follow‐up of a dog affected by ABC.MethodsAn 8‐month‐old, intact female Weimaraner was presented with lameness affecting the left front limb and progressive swelling of the mid‐distal radius. Survey radiographs revealed a mid‐distal diaphyseal radial lesion. Fine needle aspirates, biopsy, CT scan and histopathology results supported the diagnosis of ABC. Treatment consisted of partial corticotomy of the affected radius, filling of the cystic cavity with demineralised bone matrix and autologous bone graft and stabilisation using lag screws and a neutralisation plate.ResultsThe long‐term follow‐up, at 36 post‐operative months, showed no recurrence of the cyst and bone modelling. Comparing preoperative radiographs with those at 36 months, bone modelling reduced the radial area by 23.3% in the craniocaudal radiographic view and 30% in the mediolateral projection.ConclusionsThis treatment was sucessful in the case here described, with a 3 years follow‐up.
Infectious coryza in a grey crowned crane (Balearica regulorum) recovered from captivity
Authors: Nsengimana Olivier , Habarugira Gervais , Ojok Lonzy , Ruhagazi Deo , Kayitare Albert , Shyaka Anselme 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe report Avibacterium paragallinarum and Klebsiella pneumoniae coinfection in a grey crowned crane (Balearica regulorum). The crane was recovered from illegal captivity and released at a grey crowned crane (GCC) rehabilitation facility located at Akagera National Park in Rwanda. One year after being transferred, the bird presented with clinical signs suggesting a respiratory disease. Those signs included severe dyspnoea with mouth breathing, sneezing and nasal discharge. The crane was put on a 3‐day treatment with antibiotics (ceftiofur 200 mg/ml at 50 mg/kg intramuscularly) and anti‐inflammatory drug (meloxicam, intramuscular injection at a dose of 2 mg/kg), after which the crane seemed to have recovered. A month later, the same crane presented similar clinical signs and was treated with enrofloxacin at 10 mg/kg intramuscularly. Despite the treatment, the crane died 19 h later. At necropsy, adhesive air sacculitis and hydroperitoneum were observed, and a reddish fluid in air sacs and in the abdominal cavity was found. Also, a marked hepatomegaly and splenomegaly were observed. Samples were collected for laboratory examination. Molecular tests done on the tracheal and cloacal swabs revealed A. paragallinarum and K. pneumoniae, respectively. This is the first case of A. paragallinarum and K. pneumoniae coinfection reported in a grey crowned crane. Our study contributes to knowledge on the ecological distribution of both these pathogens in wild birds. It provides an opportunity to investigate further the clinical significance of infectious coryza in Rwanda's wild and domestic birds.
Spin structures and AdS4 holography
Authors: Bobev Nikolay , Bomans Pieter 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We study the importance of spin structures as defining data for 11d supergravity backgrounds of the form AdS4 × S7/Zk with a free orbifold action. For a generic choice of the orbifold action, there is only one spin structure that preserves invariant Killing spinors. There are, however, orbifold actions that allow for more than one spin structure with preserved Killing spinors. In these cases the two different spin structures should lead to distinct holographically dual 3d SCFTs with different amounts of supersymmetry. We illustrate this phenomenon by studying the KK spectrum of 11d supergravity on AdS4 × S7/Z4. For one choice of spin structure this background is dual to the 3d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 6 ABJM theory at level k = 4. For the alternative choice of spin structure our results suggest that the holographic dual is a different 3d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 SCFT and we discuss some of its properties.
Holevo information and ensemble theory of gravity
Authors: Qi Xiao-Liang , Shangnan Zhou , Yang Zhenbin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Holevo information is an upper bound for the accessible classical information of an ensemble of quantum states. In this work, we use Holevo information to investigate the ensemble theory interpretation of quantum gravity. We study the Holevo information in random tensor network states, where the random parameters are the random tensors at each vertex. Based on the results in random tensor network models, we propose a conjecture on the holographic bulk formula of the Holevo information in the gravity case. As concrete examples of holographic systems, we compute the Holevo information in the ensemble of thermal states and thermo-field double states in the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model. The results are consistent with our conjecture.
Inhibition of neurogenic contractions in renal arteries and of cholinergic contractions in coronary arteries by the presumed inhibitor of ADP-ribosylation factor 6, NAV2729
Authors: Huang Ru , Li Bingsheng , Tamalunas Alexander , Waidelich Raphaela , Stief Christian G. , Hennenberg Martin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNAV2729 is a presumed inhibitor of the monomeric GTPase ADP ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6) and inhibits smooth muscle contraction outside the cardiovascular system. Its effects on vascular smooth muscle contraction or a possible role of ARF6 in vasocontraction have not yet been examined. Here, we report effects of NAV2729 on neurogenic and agonist-induced contractions in renal interlobar and coronary arteries. Contractions of pig interlobar and coronary arteries were induced in an organ bath by agonists or by electric field stimulation (EFS). Owing to divergent characteristics of both vessel types, EFS-induced contractions were only examined in interlobar arteries, and contractions by agonists acting on muscarinic receptors only in coronary arteries. NAV2729 inhibited frequency-dependent EFS-induced contractions of interlobar arteries. The degree of inhibition was similar using 5 µM and 10 µM NAV2729. Inhibition of EFS-induced contractions was resistant to a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor and to diclofenac. The neurogenic and adrenergic character of EFS-induced contractions was confirmed by inhibition by tetrodotoxin and prazosin. In coronary arteries, NAV2729 (5 µM) inhibited concentration-dependent contractions induced by carbachol and methacholine. Contractions induced by α1-adrenergic agonists, endothelin-1, the thromboxane receptor agonist U46619, or serotonin remained unchanged by NAV2729 in both vessel types. NAV2729 inhibits neurogenic contractions in interlobar arteries and contractions induced by cholinergic agonists in coronary arteries. In both vessel types, NAV2729 does not inhibit contractions induced by receptor agonists other than those acting on muscarinic receptors. Addressing effects in other vessels and in other smooth muscle–rich organs merits further attention.
Ambidexterity in chromatic homotopy theory
Authors: Carmeli Shachar , Schlank Tomer M. , Yanovski Lior 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe extend the theory of ambidexterity developed by M. J. Hopkins and J. Lurie and show that the $$\infty $$
∞
-categories of $$T\!\left( n\right) $$

T

n

-local spectra are $$\infty $$
∞
-semiadditive for all n, where $$T\!\left( n\right) $$

T

n

is the telescope on a $$v_{n}$$

v
n

-self map of a type n spectrum. This generalizes and provides a new proof for the analogous result of Hopkins–Lurie on $$K\!\left( n\right) $$

K

n

-local spectra. Moreover, we show that $$K\!\left( n\right) $$

K

n

-local and $$T\!\left( n\right) $$

T

n

-local spectra are respectively, the minimal and maximal 1-semiadditive localizations of spectra with respect to a homotopy ring, and that all such localizations are in fact $$\infty $$
∞
-semiadditive. As a consequence, we deduce that several different notions of “bounded chromatic height” for homotopy rings are equivalent, and in particular, that $$T\!\left( n\right) $$

T

n

-homology of $$\pi $$
π
-finite spaces depends only on the nth Postnikov truncation. A key ingredient in the proof of the main result is a construction of a certain power operation for commutative ring objects in stable 1-semiadditive $$\infty $$
∞
-categories. This is closely related to some known constructions for Morava E-theory and is of independent interest. Using this power operation we also give a new proof, and a generalization, of a nilpotence conjecture of J. P. May, which was proved by A. Mathew, N. Naumann, and J. Noel.