bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Family function, self‐efficacy, care hours per day, closeness and benefit finding among stroke caregivers in China: A moderated mediation model
Authors: Mei Yong‐xia , Xiang Dan‐dan , Zhang Zhen‐xiang , Twumwaah Budu Jemima , Lin Bei‐lei , Chen Su‐yan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAims and objectivesThe aim of this study was to explore the moderated mediation mechanism of the relationships among family function, self‐efficacy, care hours per day, closeness and benefit finding in family caregivers of patients with stroke in China.BackgroundBenefit finding can provide a new means of resolving depression among family members caring for an ill loved one. However, current research has paid little attention to the benefit finding of family caregivers of stroke patients in China.DesignA cross‐sectional study.MethodsThree hundred fifty family caregivers of patients with stroke were recruited from community service centres and hospitals in Zhengzhou, China. The participants completed the family APGAR index, caregiver benefit finding scale and Chinese general self‐efficacy scale during a study conducted in 2017. Descriptive analyses and a moderated mediation model were computed. Reporting adhered to the STROBE checklist.ResultsA total of 311 family caregivers completed this study. Closeness between family caregivers and patients with stroke moderated the relationship between family function and caregiver benefit finding. Self‐efficacy partially mediated the relationship between family function and caregiver benefit finding; moreover, care hours per day moderated the mediation.ConclusionThis study shows important factors associated with benefit finding in family caregivers of patients with stroke. This indicates elements that could help improve benefit finding intervention programmes for family caregivers of patients with stroke.Relevance to clinical practiceThe findings in our study provide valuable information on benefit finding and indicate some interventions to improve the mental health of family caregivers of stroke patients.
An extremely prolonged second stage of labor increases maternal complications but has no adverse effect on neonatal outcomes
Authors: Hagiwara Mayumi , Nakanishi Sayuri , Shindo Ryosuke , Obata Soichiro , Miyagi Etsuko , Aoki Shigeru 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimTo investigate how an extremely prolonged second stage of labor of 12 h or more affects maternal and neonatal outcomes.Material and methodsThis retrospective cohort study included nulliparous, pregnant women with 37 + 0 to 41 + 6 weeks of gestation whom vaginal delivery was attempted at the Yokohama City University Medical Center between 2014 and 2018.ResultsIn 446 cases of the prolonged second stage of labor, there were 296 women (66%) in the 2‐ to 6‐h second stage of labor group, 112 women (25%) in the 6‐ to 12‐h group, and 38 women (8.5%) in the 12‐h or longer group. The longer the second stage of labor, the more significant was the increase in the rates of augmentation of the delivery, emergency cesarean delivery, and operative vaginal delivery. Even in the 12 h or longer group, 82% were able to have vaginal delivery. The 6‐ to 12‐h group had a significant increase in third‐ or fourth‐degree perineal lacerations compared to the 2‐ to 6‐h group (aOR 8.12 [95% CI 1.55–42.6]). Clinical chorioamnionitis was significantly increased in the 12 h or longer group (aOR 4.88 [95% CI 1.62–14.8]). In terms of neonatal outcomes, comparison between the three groups showed no significant difference.ConclusionWith an extremely prolonged second stage of labor, maternal complications involved a significant increase in severe perineal lacerations and chorioamnionitis; however, there was no increase in adverse outcomes for neonates. It was not possible to conclusively determine if the duration of the second stage is acceptable.
Lighten the darkness: Personality interventions targeting agreeableness also reduce participants' levels of the dark triad
Authors: Hudson Nathan W. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivePrevious research suggests that people want to change their big five traits—and moreover, they may be able to do so. This paper extends these findings in three ways. First, I examined the extent to which people want to change their levels of the dark triad—Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy. Second, I tested whether desires to change the dark triad predicted actual changes in the corresponding traits across approximately four months. Finally, participants received an intervention designed to change their big five personality traits. Consequently, I tested whether this intervention could also facilitate changes in the dark triad.MethodThe present study was a 16‐wave, weekly, intensive longitudinal design (N = 467).ResultsResults revealed that participants generally did not want to change their levels of the dark triad. Nevertheless, individual variance in desires to change the dark triad did predict actual changes in the dark triad across four months. Moreover, interventions targeting agreeableness spurred changes in all three dark triad traits.ConclusionsThis research suggests that taking small steps to become more agreeable may also reduce individuals' levels of the dark triad. These findings may have implications for future research, as well as therapeutic treatments.
Water quality and ecology of Lake Kanyaboli, Kenya: Current status and historical changes
Authors: Kondowe Benjamin N. , Masese Frank O. , Raburu Philip O. , Singini Wales , Walumona Riziki Jacques 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSmall waterbodies are the most threatened freshwater habitats because of the large ratio between their size and the catchment they drain. The present study assessed the current and historical changes in the physical, chemical and biological variables of Lake Kanyaboli, a satellite lake on the northern shores of Lake Victoria in western Kenya. Primary and secondary data on pH, electrical conductivity (EC), dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration, temperature, Secchi depth (SD), and nitrate (), nitrite (), ammonium (), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) and chlorophyll‐a (Chl‐a) concentrations were utilized in the present study. The results indicated Secchi depth and chlorophyll‐a were the most erratic of all the analyzed environmental variables studied, exhibiting a range of 0.69 ± 0.29–0.87 ± 0.34 m and 9.03 ± 0.81–34.97 ± 3.36 µg/L respectively. Two‐way ANOVA yielded no significant interactions between sampling sites and seasons for all the variables. Except chlorophyll‐a, there also were no significant differences among the sampling sites for the studied variables. Seasonality yielded significant differences for Secchi depth, dissolved oxygen and chlorophyll‐a. The Carlson Trophic Index for Chl‐a and SD indicated Lake Kanyaboli is currently eutrophic, while the TP concentration indicated hypereutrophic conditions. The lake, however, has fluctuated between eutrophic and hypereutrophic conditions over the past years. Although historical water quality data for the lake is scanty and infrequent, most physical and chemical variables reflected anthropogenic effects on a temporal scale. Interestingly, despite its eutrophic status, the general lake condition is still relatively good, attributable to the buffering effect from the extensive macrophytes fringing it. The present study identified nutrient loading, wetland reclamation and connectivity with the Yala River through a feeder canal as the management issues of critical concern. Accordingly continuous monitoring of the lake's water quality to detect anthropogenic effects is recommended for management intervention purposes.
Modeling the pressure–temperature–time evolution of in situ shock veins: A terrestrial case study from Vredefort
Authors: Hopkins Randy G. , Spray John G. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNumerical computing software (via MathWorks MATLAB) has been developed to understand the relationship between shock wave passage in geological targets (i.e., heterogeneous media) and the formation of shock veins and associated high‐pressure/temperature polymorphs. This approach takes into consideration the pressure due to the passage of the shock front, subsequent rarefaction unloading pressures, and associated heating and cooling rates. The model is applied to calculate pressure–temperature–time conditions for coesite‐ and stishovite‐bearing shock veins within metaquartzites of the Vredefort impact structure of South Africa. To constrain the model, the position of the host metaquartzites at the time of impact is first reconstructed. The developed code then passes the appropriate shock conditions through the target to re‐create the shock wave, while simultaneously forming and cooling the shock veins via 2‐D steady‐state conduction. We have found that (1) at the time of shock vein formation (2.4 s following the initial contact of the projectile), the shock front pressure was 13.8 GPa and the width of the shock wave was of 27 km; (2) the melt within the shock veins initially reached ~3000 °C, which corresponds to the melting temperature of the target rock at 13.8 GPa. Simulation results indicate that conditions reach the stishovite stability field within 2 ms of vein formation (~10–14 GPa; 2000–3000 °C), followed by coesite within 1.29 s (~3–10 GPa; 600–2000 °C). The dwell time of the modeled shock vein system is 4.35 s. The shock vein system is completely solidified 33.4 s after the initial shock front passage. The calculated P–T–t path of the model indicates that the polymorphs within the shock veins of the metaquartzites at Vredefort formed under their normal stability field conditions following rarefaction wave decompression.
Can catchment groups fill the democratic deficit? Catchment groups as a hydrosocial phenomenon in Waikaka, Southland
Authors: McIntyre Jessica , Mager Sarah , Connelly Sean 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNew Zealand's freshwater management has traditionally operated under effects‐based legislation which neglects socio‐political dimensions and a ‘democratic deficit’ persists between government organisations and individual landowners. Frustrated communities have formed catchment management groups to readdress this democratic deficit. We investigated catchment group aspirations to understand their motivation and potential and contribution to water governance. We found disparity between scientific water quality indicators and perceptions of water quality from the community. The resultant tension and distrust between stakeholders can be best understood through a hydrosocial lens, as freshwater challenges are the product of both biophysical and social dynamics of the catchment.
Ventricular tachycardia incidence and erythrocyte membranes β‐adrenoreactivity in patients with implanted cardioverter‐defibrillator
Authors: Atabekov Tariel A. , Batalov Roman E. , Rebrova Tatiana Yu. , Krivolapov Sergey N. , Muslimova Elvira F. , Khlynin Mikhail S. , Afanasiev Sergey A. , Popov Sergey V. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn patients with high risk of ventricular tachycardia (VT) the proven beneficial therapy is the implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). It has been shown that the coronary artery disease (CAD) and VT development are accompanied by a persistent change of the sympathoadrenal system activity. This leads to a decrease in the total density of the erythrocyte membrane β‐adrenergic receptors. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship of the erythrocyte membranes β‐adrenoreactivity (EMA) with VT development in patients with CAD and ICD.MethodSixty‐three patients (male ‐ 53, age ‐ 66.6 ± 9.2 years) with CAD and ICD were included to the study. EMA was studied using a method for assessing erythrocyte osmoresistance increase as a result of β‐adrenergic receptors blockade by a selective β‐adrenergic blocker. VT and ventricular fibrillation (VF) events recorded by ICD were evaluated.ResultsThe 1stgroup consist of 23 patients with VT/VF events recorded by ICD during 27.0 [14.0; 53.0] months follow‐up period. EMA indicator in this group was 41.54% [27.15; 51.26]. The 2ndgroup consist of 40 patients without VT/VF events and the same indicator was significantly higher ‐ 55.42% [35.67; 62.33] (p = .04). The ROC‐analysis (AUC = 0.657; Sen = 78.26; Spe = 55.00;p = .031) and binary logistic regression (OR = 0.9679; 95% CI: 0.9384–0.9983;p = .038) showed that EMA indicator 51.26% or lower was the independent predictor of VT events.ConclusionsIn patients with CAD and ICD erythrocyte membranes β‐adrenoreactivity indicator 51.26% or lower is the predictor of VT episodes.
NbJAZ3 is required for jasmonate‐meditated glandular trichome development in Nicotiana benthamiana
Authors: Yan Xiaoxiao , Cui Lipeng , Liu Xiangyang , Cui Yuchao , Wang Zhaojun , Zhang Hongying , Chen Liang , Cui Hong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractExogenous methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment induces glandular trichome development in Nicotiana benthamiana, but the function of JAZ proteins, acting as core repressors, and their downstream genes have not been clearly shown in plants. Here, a bioinformatics analysis of 71 JAZ genes from tobacco, Arabidopsis thaliana, and tomato was carried out and shown to share highly conserved domains. Then, the expression profile of 17 NbJAZs in different tissues was analyzed, and NbJAZ3 was highly expressed in trichome. Through transgenic technology, we demonstrated that the glandular trichome density of NbJAZ3‐overexpression lines significantly decreased with lower expression levels of NbWo, NbCycB2, and NbMIXTA. In contrast, the trichome density of NbJAZ3 RNAi lines slightly increased with higher expression level of NbWo. Given the negative protein feedback regulation relationship between NbCycB2 and NbWo, we verified that MeJA induced NbWo expression. NbWo was a direct target gene of NbJAZ3 and further demonstrated that NbJAZ3 inhibited the transcriptional activation of NbCycB2 by NbWo. Together, our findings outline a novel JA‐meditated glandular trichome development model consisting of the NbJAZ3‐NbWo‐NbCycB2 axis.
Decision support architectures for the recovery of interdependent infrastructure with large‐scale damage and socially vulnerable populations
Authors: Rand Krista , Sun Minghui , Fleming Cody H. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractInfrastructure damage has household‐level consequences after a major disaster. Losses are experienced due to factors such as unavailable services and impaired mobility. Socially vulnerable residents, in particular, have few resources with which to adapt. Decision support tools for making justifiable, transparent, repeatable decisions that center the needs of users during recovery are currently nonexistent. In part, this is because infrastructure recovery is a complex process, often involving the coordination of multiple entities. The recovery problem can be rendered more tractable by applying tools suitable for modeling complex systems and processes. System theoretic process analysis (STPA) can be used for goalsetting in a complex, dynamic system such as community civil infrastructure. STPA is used here to devise a decision support tool architecture suitable for coordinated multiagency recovery efforts. The example application is a long‐term recovery process with widespread infrastructure damage, population displacement, and other disruptions in system use due to a major disaster. In the example, losses and hazards are defined to reflect recovery challenges commonly faced by vulnerable populations experiencing partial or total displacement. This extension of STPA then reverses these hazards, starting with the most hazardous system states and progressing sequentially to less hazardous states until recovery is complete.
Relation between nighttime sleep duration and executive functioning in a nonclinical sample of preschool children
Authors: Nieto Marta , Motos Beatriz , Navarro Beatriz , Jimeno María V. , Fernández‐Aguilar Luz , Ros Laura , Ricarte Jorge J. , Latorre Jose M. 
Published: March 2022

Sleep is a support for cognitive development in childhood. Most of the studies in the field have focused on school‐age children and sleep problems, but less research focuses on the relation between the normative course of sleep and executive functions in preschoolers. Thus, the aim of the present study was to analyze the association between nighttime sleep duration and executive functioning in a 158 non‐clinical sample of Spanish participants (Mage = 56.35 months, SD = 11.24; ages 38–78 months; 48.1% girls). Sleep habits were measured by parents' self‐reports; Shape School task was applied to assess inhibition and cognitive flexibility; Word Span task was used to assess working memory; and Vocabulary subtest from the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence‐III was used to assess verbal ability. The findings revealed that the relation between sleep and executive functioning was only significant in the cases of inhibition and working memory. Further, age and verbal ability were related and were predictors of inhibition, working memory, and cognitive flexibility. We consider it necessary to continue researching in this area given the importance of forming a correct sleep habit during the preschool age and its impact on health, cognition, and well‐being in childhood. In short, our results represent the first approach to the subject under study, which should be completed with objective sleep measures.
The electoral behaviour of voters with migration backgrounds and natives at the 2015 and 2019 Swiss National Elections. Two completely different stories?
Authors: Camatarri Stefano , Favero Adrian , Gallina Marta , Luartz Lewis 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThere is emerging understanding in the literature that voters who have a migration background across Western countries tend to vote for left leaning parties. Yet little is known about whether this implies different drivers of vote choice for citizens with migration background in comparison to natives. This article intends to respond to this question by studying the impact of specific policy issue considerations on the vote of citizens with both migration and non‐migration background. To do so, we focus on the 2015 and 2019 Swiss National elections, relying on data from the SELECTS post‐electoral studies. Our analyses show that, while Swiss natives' voting choices are consistently affected by key political issues (i.e., foreigners' job market integration and the environment respectively), non‐native voters are generally less driven by the main topics discussed at each election, although relevant differences emerge across different migrant backgrounds.
“They’re Either Going to Find Ways to Include You or They’re Just Kind of Not”: Experiences of Students With Orthopedic Impairments in Integrated Physical Education
Authors: Holland Katherine , Haegele Justin A. , Zhu Xihe , Bobzien Jonna 
Published: March 2022

This study explored the experiences of students with orthopedic impairments in integrated physical education (PE) classes. An interpretative phenomenological analysis research approach was used, and six students with orthopedic impairments (age = 10–14 years) served as participants. Data sources were semistructured, audiotaped interviews and reflective interview notes. Based on data analysis, three themes were developed—“Without it, they probably would like, just treat me normal,” visibility, disclosure, and expectations; “I sit out,” limited participation and a lack of modifications/accommodations; and “PE doesn’t feel great,” social interactions and perception of self. The experiences portrayed throughout these themes highlight the marginalization and lack of access that the participants encountered in their integrated PE classes. The findings indicated that PE professionals working with students with orthopedic impairments may benefit from reflecting on personal biases and their instructional practices in an effort to improve the quality of PE experiences for these students.
Mutation of theMYL3gene in a patient with mid-ventricular obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Mavilakandy Akash , Ahamed Hisham 
Published: March 2022

In this study, we discuss a female patient referred to cardiology with left ventricular hypertrophy at mid-ventricular segments resulting in a mid-cavitary obstruction and a left ventricular apical aneurysm. The patient had normal epicardial coronary arteries, but presented with recurrent cerebrovascular events. The patient had a positive family history for sudden cardiac death. Cardiac MRI detected positive features of left ventricular mid-cavity obstruction, left ventricular apical aneurysm and delayed gadolinium enhancement, with Holter monitoring assessment displaying segments of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia. Genetic analysis detected an myosin light chain 3 (MYL3) gene mutation. The patient will be referred to receive an implantable cardioverter defibrillator.TheMYL3gene mutation is a rare variant in patients with familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. To our knowledge, the presence of a left ventricular apical aneurysm has not been previously reported in literature concerning theMYL3gene mutation. The presence of this abnormality further increases the risk of sudden cardiac death.
Infraumbilical surgical retrieval of transected umbilical artery catheter in an 840 g newborn
Authors: Maggioni Alessandra , Sattar Sarah , Thakkar Hemanshoo , Milan Anna 
Published: March 2022

An 840 g female baby born at 25 weeks gestation suffered a rare complication of umbilical arterial catheter (UAC) insertion, involving an accidental transection resulting in 11 cm of retained catheter inside the baby. Investigations revealed migration of the proximal tip of the catheter within 10 hours into the left subclavian artery.This complication is rare and has not frequently been described in the literature. Given the size and gestation of the patient, the risks and benefits of both conservative and non-conservative management were discussed in detail prior to any treatment decision being made. Effective multidisciplinary teamwork contributed to the successful removal of the UAC, done via a minimally invasive infraumbilical approach, associated with no further complications.