bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Situaciones estresantes y estrategias de afrontamiento en comunidad LGB
Authors: Muñoz Maldonado Sandra Ivonne , Sánchez Medina Ricardo , Rosales Piña Consuelo Rubi , Enríquez Negrete David Javier 
Published: May 2022

Introducción: El estrés en la comunidad LGB está asociada a su orientación sexual, violencia o discriminación, eventos estresantes los cuales son distintos a los reportados por personas heterosexuales. La literatura reporta relación del nivel de estrés con problemáticas de salud mental, de mayor intensidad y frecuencia en la población LGB.
Objetivo: El propósito fue identificar las situaciones estresantes, estrategias de afrontamiento y emociones asociadas en la comunidad LGB.
Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo con un diseño no experimental de tipo transversal, mediante un muestreo no probabilístico; participaron 272 hombres y mujeres de 14 a 56 años. Se empleó el Cuestionario de Emociones, Estrés y Afrontamiento de Vega et al. (2012).
Resultados: Los participantes homosexuales, bisexuales y lesbianas coinciden en reportar en primer lugar situaciones de comunicar su orientación sexual, las situaciones restantes son escolares, laborales y de discriminación por pertenecer a la comunidad LGB. Los participantes usan estrategias de afrontamiento centradas en la acción y en la emoción en proporciones similares (48 % - 50 %). Las emociones asociadas a situaciones estresantes son ansiedad, temor, vergüenza, culpa. En situaciones placenteras reportan también emociones negativas.
Conclusiones: El tipo de situaciones estresantes son distintas en estas poblaciones, debido a que enfrentan con mayor frecuencia eventos relacionados con discriminación o confrontación por su orientación sexual. Se aporta información sobre qué y cómo se afrontan las situaciones que generan estrés en población LGB. Se sugiere generar intervenciones cognitivoconductuales de regulación emocional y afrontamiento efectivo.
Análisis de correlación entre la audición y la flexibilidad cognitiva en una población adulta mayor de Sincelejo, Colombia
Authors: Lastre Meza Karina Sofía , Guardo Marchán María Emma , Gutiérrez Meza Yoselín 
Published: May 2022

Introducción: La presente investigación estudió el sistema auditivo y las habilidades ejecutivas, específicamente la flexibilidad cognitiva, en población longeva y buscó aportar a la evidencia científica existente, el impacto que pueden tener ambas en la calidad de vida de la población adulta mayor.
objetivo: Se determinó la relación entre la función auditiva y la flexibilidad cognitiva de una población adulta mayor del municipio de Sincelejo, Colombia.
Método: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, no experimental, correlacional, transversal, a una población de 140 adultos mayores. Para la selección de la muestra se aplicó un muestreo intencional por criterios de inclusión (pertenecientes a la institución, que firmarán el consentimiento informado) y de exclusión (déficit cognitivo, diabetes, enfermedades neurológicas diagnosticadas, alteraciones visuales o auditivas, sobrepasar la edad del test), la muestra quedó conformada por 49 adultos mayores. Se empleó como instrumentos de recolección de la información para la audición, pruebas audiológicas de audiometría tonal y logoaudiometría; y para la medición de la función ejecutiva, Test de clasificación de tarjetas de Wisconsin.
Resultados: Se demostraron diferencias entre la variable respuesta de nivel conceptual del test entre los grupos de edad (p: 0,037), pérdidas auditivas de alta frecuencia entre leve y moderado (25-40DbBHL; 40-60DBHL), buen nivel de discriminación del habla, y una asociación estadística entre sensibilidad auditiva y número total de errores (0,336, 0,357 p=0,05); la sensibilidad auditiva y las respuestas perseverativas y errores perseverativos (0,343, 0,301 p=0,05), discriminación del habla, respuesta a nivel conceptual (-0,375; -0,397 p=0.0) y fallos para mantener actitud (0,441; 0,456 p=0,01).
Conclusión: Cuanto mayor deterioro en el procesamiento periférico y central auditivo exista, mayor es la tendencia perseverativa, la dificultad para abstracción y formación de conceptos, así como el cambio de estrategias de un adulto mayor en tareas que impliquen funcionamiento ejecutivo.
Pattern of infertility among infertile couples in a tertiary health institution in Bayelsa State, South-South Nigeria
Authors: Oriji Peter Chibuzor , Kiridi Enefia Kelvin , Ubom Akaninyene Eseme , Okoye Chukwunonso Nnamdi , Oriji Victoria Komonibo , Awotundun Benjamin 
Published: May 2022

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Infertility is a socially distressing medical condition that remains a public health concern in many developing countries, including Nigeria. The objective of the study was to evaluate the pattern of infertility among infertile couples in a tertiary hospital in South-South Nigeria.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study of infertile couples evaluated at the Infertility Clinic of the Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, South-South Nigeria, between January and December, 2021, was conducted. Case records of all the infertile couples evaluated during the study period were retrieved, and relevant data were extracted from the case records using a pre-designed proforma. Data obtained was analysed using Statistical Product and Service Solutions for Windows® version 25 (SPSS Inc.; Chicago, USA).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence rate of infertility was 18.2%. Tubal factor was the most common (104, 55.6%) cause of infertility, with tubal blockage being the commonest (92, 49.2%) tubal pathology. Male factor was implicated in 81, 43.3%, of the cases, a combination of male and female factors in 45, 24.1%, while 5, 2.7%, of the cases were unexplained. Female factor alone was responsible for infertility in 101, 54.0%, of the cases, while male factor alone was identified in 36, 19.2%, of the cases.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Our study’s incidence rate for infertility was similar to those reported in other studies in our region. To reduce the incidence of infertility, social reorientation to improve sociocultural practices and poor health-seeking behaviour of couples, should be pursued vigorously.</p><p> </p>
Improving Depression Screening in Primary Care
Authors: Lindsay Marlene , Decker Veronica B. 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundDepression is a serious problem in the United States. It not only impacts chronic illness and healthcare utilization, but it can also result in death, intentional or unintentional.Despite the seriousness associated with depression, it continues to be underdiagnosed and undertreated. The primary care setting provides an ideal location to screen and initiate treatment for depression in individuals who would otherwise not be screened.ObjectiveThe objective of this evidence-based practice project was to improve the diagnosis and treatment of depression in an adult primary care office.MethodAn intervention consisting of a HealthWatcher reminder for depression screening, the administration of the PHQ-9 instrument, and a treatment algorithm was incorporated into the office workflow. The charts of a pre-intervention random sample were compared to a post-intervention random sample to test for significant differences in depression screening and treatment rates.ResultsUsing the chi-squared test, the post-intervention sample screening rate was significantly higher than pre-intervention sample rate (90% vs 23.3%; χ2 = 54.3, df = 1, P < .000).Conclusion/ImplicationsIt is feasible to improve the diagnosis and treatment of depression for adult primary care patients by modifying office protocols and using the PHQ-9 screening instrument and a treatment algorithm.
Erica Ollmann Saphire: How the Study of HIV and Other Viruses Informed the Rapid Development of Vaccines and Therapeutic Antibodies Against COVID-19
Authors: Greenspan Neil S. 
Published: May 2022

Neil Greenspan, professor of pathology at Case Western Reserve University and senior editor at Pathogens and Immunity talks with Erica Ollmann Saphire, President and Chief Executive Officer of the La Jolla Institute for Immunology, about her work on hemorrhagic fever viruses and SARS-CoV-2. She'll be speaking about these topics at the Keystone Symposium, Lessons from the Pandemic: Responding to Emerging Zoonotic Viral Diseases. Dr. Sapphire is an eminent structural biologist devoted to understanding viral pathogens and pathogenesis.
Théorie de la circonvolution : le corpus comme un dispositif
Authors: Vaillancourt Daniel 
Published: May 2022

L’enjeu de cet article, dans un premier temps, est d’esquisser les contours théoriques de la notion de circonvolution telle qu’elle est conçue dans ce numéro. La circonvolution est un dispositif qui organise un certain nombre de trajectoires dans nos bibliothèques mentales. Pour ce faire, elle doit se donner comme point d’appui un opérateur de lisibilité, ici l’œuvre aquinienne, une ou des figures, et un acte de mémoire puisque la mémoire est ce qui permet de tracer des axes dans le territoire des livres lus. Ce dispositif se met en scène selon trois manières de « faire corpus », l’anthologie, la série et la généalogie. Dans un deuxième temps, on a mis à l’épreuve ce corps notionnel en faisant de Trou de mémoire un opérateur de lisibilité par rapport à un corpus anthologique (les romans primés par le Gouverneur Général entre 1970 et 1985), éclairé par une figure, celle du sorcier-shaman-pharmacien qui réverbère sur la décennie 70.
Simplifying Well Abandonments Using Shale as a Barrier
Authors: van Oort Eric , Juenger Maria , Aldin Munir , Thombare Akshay , McDonald Michael , Lucas Alexander , Ditlevsen Frederik 
Published: May 2022

Summary
Well abandonment is one of the biggest challenges in the oil and gas industry, both in terms of cost and effort as well as the technical hurdles associated with wellbore sealing for an indefinite term. A mechanism that may be exploited to simplify well abandonments is using natural shale or salt formations for the creation of annular barriers. Currently, uncemented annuli often require casing cutting and pulling or milling before abandonment plugs can be set, which necessitates the use of a drilling rig. This is an expensive, time- and labor-intensive process, particularly offshore. However, shale or salt creep may naturally form a barrier behind uncemented casing sections. With a qualified annular shale barrier in place, the well may only require the setting of abandonment plugs within the existing casing string(s), a task that can often be done rigless and with significantly less effort.
The work described in this paper presents the results of a rock mechanical investigation into the creep behavior of North Sea shales and their ability to form effective annular barriers. Field core from the Lark shale, a member of the Hordaland Group, was used to conduct dedicated, customized experiments that simulated the behavior of shale confined under downhole effective stress, pressure, and temperature conditions to fill in an annular space behind a simulated casing string. Full-scale triaxial rock mechanics equipment was used for testing cylindrical shale samples obtained from a well-preserved field core in a setup that mimicked an uncemented casing section of a well. The deformation behavior of the shale was monitored for days to weeks, and the formation of the annular barrier was characterized using dedicated strain measurements and pressure pulse decay probing of the annular space.
The large-scale laboratory results clearly show that the Lark shale will form competent low permeability annular barriers when left uncemented, as confirmed using pressure-pulse decay measurements. They also show that experimental conditions influence the rate of barrier formation; higher effective stress, higher temperature, and beneficial manipulation of the annular fluid chemistry all have a significant effect. This then opens up the possibility of activating shale formations that do not naturally create barriers by themselves into forming them (e.g., by exposing them to low annular pressure, elevated temperature, different annular fluid chemistry, or a combination of these). The results are in very good agreement with field observations reported earlier by several North Sea operators.
Surgical outcomes associated with partial upper sternotomy in obese aortic disease patients
Authors: Luo Zeng-Rong , Chen Yi-Xing , Chen Liang-wan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Excellent partial upper sternotomy (PUS) outcomes have been reported for patients with aortic surgery, but whether this approach is particularly beneficial to obese patients remains to be established. This study was to explore the outcomes of aortic surgery conducted via a PUS or a full median sternotomy (FMS) approach in obese patients. Methods: Records for 493 patients that had undergone aortic surgery were retrospectively reviewed, leading to the identification of 158 consecutive obese patients and 335 non-obese patients. PUS and FMS group outcomes were compared within and between these two body mass index (BMI) groups. Results: In total, 88 and 70 obese patients compared to 180 and 155 non-obese patients underwent FMS and PUS, respectively. There were no differences between the FMS and PUS groups within either BMI cohort with respect to preoperative baseline indicators and postoperative complications. Among non-obese individuals, the PUS approach was linked to reduced ventilation time (P = 0.003), shorter intensive care unit (ICU) stay (P = 0.017), shorter hospital duration (P = 0.001), and decreased transfusion requirements (Packed red blood cells: P < 0.001; Fresh frozen plasma: P < 0.001). Comparable findings were also evident among obese patients. Conclusions: Obese aortic disease patients exhibited beneficial outcomes similar to those achieved for non-obese patients via a PUS approach which was associated with significant reductions in length of ICU residency, duration of hospitalization, ventilator use, and transfusion requirements. This surgical approach should be offered to aortic patients irrespective of their BMI.
An enzyme moonlights as a chaperone to control virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Blankenfeldt Wulf , Borgert Sebastian , Henke Steffi , Witzgall Florian , Schmelz Stefan , Hotop Sven-Kevin , Stephen Steffi , Lübken Dennis , Krüger Jonas , Gomez Nicolas , Kalesse Markus , Pich Andreas , Broenstrup Mark , Häussler Susanne 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major cause of nosocomial infections and also leads to severe exacerbations in cystic fibrosis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Three intertwined quorum sensing systems control virulence of P. aeruginosa, with the rhl circuit playing the leading role in late and chronic infections. The majority of traits controlled by rhl transcription factor RhlR depend on PqsE, a dispensable thioesterase in Pseudomonas Quinolone Signal (PQS) biosynthesis4 that interferes with RhlR through an enigmatic mechanism likely involving direct interaction of both proteins.
Here we show that PqsE and RhlR form a weakly interacting, probably transient 2:2 protein complex that, together with the RhlR agonist N-butanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C4-HSL), stabilizes RhlR to a soluble form, thereby rendering the otherwise unstable transcription factor active. By using a PqsE-RhlR fusion protein first, we determined a crystal structure of the complex that allows us to identify residues essential for the interaction. To corroborate our hypothesis of chaperone-like activity of PqsE, we designed stability-optimized variants of RhlR that bypass the need for C4-HSL and PqsE in activating PqsE/RhlR-controlled processes of P. aeruginosa. Together, our data provide insight into the unique regulatory role of PqsE and lay groundwork for developing new P. aeruginosa-specific pharmaceuticals.
A predictive model for successfully inducing active labor among pregnant women: Combining cervical status assessment and clinical characteristics
Authors: Leelarujijaroen Chutinun , Pruksanusak Ninlapa , Geater Alan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background: To develop a predictive model for successfully inducing active labor by using a combination of cervical status and maternal and fetal characteristics. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among pregnant women who underwent labor induction between January 2015 and December 2019. Successfully inducing active labor was defined as achieving a cervical dilation >4 cm within 10 hours after adequate uterine contractions. The medical data were extracted from the hospital database; statistical analyses were performed using R software, and a logistic regression model was used to identify the predictors associated with the successful induction of labor. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC) were used to assess the accuracy of the model. Results: In total, 1448 pregnant women were enrolled; 960 (66.3%) achieved successful induction of active labor. Multivariate analysis revealed that maternal age, parity, body mass index, oligohydramnios, premature rupture of membrane, fetal sex, dilatation, station, and consistency were significant factors associated with successful labor induction. The ROC curve of the logistic regression model had an AUC of 0.7728. For the validated score system to predict probability of success, we found that a total score > 60 has 73.0 % (95% CI 59.0-83.5) probability of successful induction of labor into the active phase stage within 10 hours.Conclusions: The predictive model for successfully achieving active labor using the combination of cervical status and maternal and fetal characteristics had good predictive ability and was easy to use in clinical practice.
Determination of settled dust sources by analytical techniques and chemical mass balance receptor model
Authors: Costa José Gustavo , de Albuquerque Adriana , Ardisson José Domingos , Fernandez-Outon Luis , de Queiroz Rogério , Morimoto Tsutomu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The identification of sources that produce particulate atmospheric matter (PM) can be of paramount importance for the reduction of air pollution and the development of environmental policies. Chemical mass balance receptor models (CMB) are generally applied to PM source apportionment studies. The successful application of CMB models requires all source profiles to be well resolved in order to reduce their collinearity. This work presents the application of chemical mass balance receptor model EPA-CMB8.2 supported by characterization techniques that allowed to obtain split source profiles based on the identification of organic and elemental carbon proportions, as well as the identification of iron phases. 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy (MS) allowed to further resolve source profiles, allowing to distinguish highly crystalline (HC) hematite, typically found in iron ores or after thermo-chemical processes, from soil hematite, which exhibits primarily low crystallization (LC). The application of proton beam-induced X-ray emission (PIXE), X-ray diffraction (XRD), IMPROVE_A protocol for thermal optical transmittance (TOT) and MS to characterize raw materials, intermediate and final products, provided substantial improvement in the application of the CMB model to study source partition in areas under the influence of steel industries. This analytical approach is valid for factor analysis models, such as positive matrix factorization (PMF) and principal component analysis (PCA), aimed to study the contribution of PM sources in regions where there is a predominance of ferrous PM. The elaboration of a chemical profile for ArcelorMittal Tubarão (CP-AMT), which is located nearby the city of Vitória (ES, Brazil), allowed to estimate the contributions of this source to the particulate atmospheric matter present in environmental samples collected in that region and to differentiate CP-AMT from other industrial sources located in the same area.
An alternative splicing modulator decreases mutant HTT and improves the molecular fingerprint in Huntington’s disease patient neurons
Authors: Krach Florian , Stemick Judith , Boerstler Tom , Weiss Alexander , Lingos Ioannis , Meixner Holger , Plötz Sonja , Farrell Michaela , Hehr Ute , Kohl Zacharias , Winner Beate , Winkler Jürgen 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by poly-Q expansion in the Huntingtin (HTT) protein. Here, we delineate elevated mutant HTT (mHTT) levels in patient-derived cells including fibroblasts and iPSC derived cortical neurons using a GLP approved HTT assay. HD patients’ fibroblasts and cortical neurons recapitulate aberrant alternative splicing as a molecular fingerprint of HD. Branaplam is a splicing modulator currently tested in a phase II study in HD (NCT05111249). The drug lowers total HTT (tHTT) and mHTT levels in fibroblasts, iPSC, cortical progenitors, and neurons in a dose dependent manner at an IC50 consistently below 10nm without inducing cellular toxicity. Branaplam promotes inclusion of non-annotated novel exons. Amongst, a 115bp frameshift-inducing exon in the HTT transcript in Branaplam treated cells from Ctrl and HD patients leading to a profound reduction of HTT RNA and protein levels. Importantly, Branaplam ameliorates aberrant alternative splicing in HD patients’ fibroblasts and cortical neurons. These findings highlight the applicability of splicing modulators in the treatment of CAG repeat disorders and decipher their molecular effects associated with the pharmacokinetic and -dynamic properties in patient-derived cellular models.
The establishment of human embryonic stem cell lines demonstrated that chimeric embryos can self-correct
Authors: Li Chuyu , Xie Jiazi , Dong Juan , Gao Chao , Xia Meng , Lin Yuting , Cui Yugui , Qin Lianju , Wu Wei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background：Low-level mosaicism is a common trait of early human development. Although mosaic embryos may lead to healthy live births, the direct effects of mosaicism are unknown. While embryo self-correction was demonstrated in mouse models, humans can only study the effects of chromosomal aberrations and blastocyst mosaicism on the early peri-implantation period by extended in vitro embryo culture up to 12 days post-fertilization.Methods：The established culture protocols were followed to generate embryonic stem cells. The 24 high-quality mosaicism / aneuploid mosaicism blastocysts were detected by PGT-A. The isolated ICMs were seeded onto feeder-free dishes, and after 10-12 days of culture, there were six blastocyst ICM-generated stem cell clones. Cells shed during stem cell growth were harvested, and next-generation sequencing was performed on stem cells and the shed. To test pluripotency, a small number of stem cells were isolated and subcultured.Results：The PGD status was confirmed from the results of next-generation sequencing of stem cell exfoliated cells and stem cells, the chimeras in five blastocysts were fully repaired while the chimera in one blastocyst was partially repaired. Simultaneously the cells were verified to have pluripotency and the ability to differentiate into three germ layers by immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and in vitro differentiation analyses.Conclusions：Human mosaicism/aneuploid mosaicism blastocysts can self-correction by eliminating chimeric cells.