bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate change affects bird nesting phenology: Comparing contemporary field and historical museum nesting records
Authors: Bates John M. , Fidino Mason , Nowak‐Boyd Laurel , Strausberger Bill M. , Schmidt Kenneth A. , Whelan Christopher J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGlobal climate change impacts species and ecosystems in potentially harmful ways. For migratory bird species, earlier spring warm‐up could lead to a mismatch between nesting activities and food availability. CO2provides a useful proxy for temperature and an environmental indicator of climate change when temperature data are not available for an entire time series.Our objectives were to (a) examine nesting phenology over time; (b) determine how nesting phenology relates to changes in atmospheric CO2concentration; and (c) demonstrate the usefulness of historical museum collections combined with modern observations for trend analyses.We assessed changes in nesting dates of 72 bird species in the Upper Midwest of the United States by comparing contemporary lay dates with those obtained from archived, historical museum nest records over a 143‐year period (1872–2015).Species‐specific changes in lay date per one unit change in the CO2residual ranged from −0.75 (95% CI: −1.57 to −0.10) to 0.45 (95% CI: −0.29 to 1.43). Overall, lay dates advanced ~10 days over the 143‐year period. Resident, short‐distance migrants and long‐distance migrants lay dates advanced by ~15, 18 and 16 days on average respectively. Twenty‐four species (33.3%) significantly advanced, one (1.4%) significantly delayed and we failed to detect an advance or delay in lay date for 47 species (65.3%). Overall mean advance in first lay date (for the species that have significantly advanced laying date) was 25.1 days (min: 10.7, max: 49.9).Our study highlights the scientific importance of both data gathering and archiving through time to understand phenological change. The detailed archived information reported by egg collectors provide the early data of our study. As with studies of egg‐shell thinning and pesticide exposure, our use of these data illustrates another scientific utility of egg collections that these pioneer naturalists never imagined. As museums archive historical data, these locations are also ideal candidates to store contemporary field data as it is collected. Together, such information will provide the ability to track, understand and perhaps predict responses to human‐driven environmental change.
The significance of building behavior in the evolution of animal architecture
Authors: Sugasawa Shoko , Pritchard David J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAnimals make a diverse array of architectures including nests, bowers, roosts, traps, and tools. Much of the research into animal architecture has focused on the analysis of physical properties such as the dimensions and material of the architectures, rather than the behavior responsible for creating these architectures. However, the relationship between the architecture itself and the construction behavior that built it is not straightforward, and overlooking behavior risks obtaining an incomplete or even misleading picture of how animal architecture evolves. Here we review data about animal architectures broadly, with a particular focus on building by birds and social insects. We then highlight three ways in which a better understanding of building behavior could benefit the study of animal architecture: by clarifying how behavior leads to physical properties; by examining the costs and benefits of building behavior; and by determining the role of learning and how this interacts with selection on behavior. To integrate questions about building behavior alongside those about architectures, we propose a framework inspired by Niko Tinbergen's four questions, examining the mechanistic, ontogenetic, phylogenetic, and functional basis of animal building. By integrating the study of behavior and architecture across levels of analysis, we can gain a more holistic view of the behavior‐architecture interactions, and a better understanding of how behavior, cognition, and evolution interact to produce the diversity seen in animal architecture.
The Face of the Firm: The Impact of Employer Branding on Diversity
Authors: Kele Juliet E. , Cassell Catherine M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDrawing upon an employer branding lens to help explore and inform our understanding of the marketing of workforce diversity, here we argue that diversity is understood and used in an aesthetic and commercialized way, rather than with a focus upon the inclusion of disadvantaged groups. Our analysis of the marketing and diversity practices of four small and medium‐sized law firms demonstrates a continued access‐and‐legitimacy approach to diversity: that a desire for successful employer branding still supersedes organizational commitment to equal opportunities and diversity management in practice. We argue that this commercialized approach leads to several contradictions, which in turn reproduce the market‐based perspective of diversity, relegating employees primarily to the aesthetics of race and gender and the affiliated skills and resources. In theorizing the processes by which diversity is undermined and functions solely to enhance business image and increase organizational performance, we highlight how an employer branding lens enables us to identify and understand contradictions between diversity policy and practice in a different way, by linking aesthetics with the marketing of the brand.
Revisiting the World Order Models Project: A Case for Renewal?
Authors: McKeil Aaron 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn a context of crisis in global order today, this article proposes revisiting the World Order Models Project (WOMP), towards an evaluation of its relevance and potential contributions to contemporary debates and challenges. From this revisiting, this article argues that WOMP suffered from problematic methodological limitations and does not constitute a substitute for conventional contemporary approaches to global order today, but some of its proposals nevertheless retain relevance, and as a mode of global order research it still offers the potential for providing an important supplement to contemporary approaches, if sufficiently modified to address its methodological limitations. The knowledge this kind of project produces is argued to offer integrative alternative non‐great power‐centric global order policy options that are increasingly in demand, especially from the Global South, as well as from Europe. This article proceeds to revisit WOMP’s research design and outputs, evaluates the arguments of its critics, and outlines the modifying methodological options for a World Order Models Project 2.0.
The Karolinska NeuroCOVID study protocol: Neurocognitive impairment, biomarkers and advanced imaging in critical care survivors
Authors: Nelson David W. , Granberg Tobias , Andersen Pia , Jokhadar Elias , Kåhlin Jessica , Granström Anna , Hallinder Helena , Schening Anna , Thunborg Charlotta , Walles Håkan , Hagman Göran , Shams‐Latifi Roya , Yu Jimmy , Petersson Sven , Tzortzakakis Antonios , Levak Nicholas , Aspö Malin , Piehl Fredrik , Zetterberg Henrik , Kivipelto Miia , Eriksson Lars I. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis is the study plan of the Karolinska NeuroCOVID study, a study of neurocognitive impairment after severe COVID‐19, relating post‐intensive care unit (ICU) cognitive and neurological deficits to biofluid markers and MRI. The COVID‐19 pandemic has posed enormous health challenges to individuals and health‐care systems worldwide. An emerging feature of severe COVID‐19 is that of temporary and extended neurocognitive impairment, exhibiting a myriad of symptoms and signs. The causes of this symptomatology have not yet been fully elucidated.MethodsIn this study, we aim to investigate patients treated for severe COVID‐19 in the ICU, as to describe and relate serum‐, plasma‐ and cerebrospinal fluid‐borne molecular and cellular biomarkers of immune activity, coagulopathy, cerebral damage, neuronal inflammation, and degeneration, to the temporal development of structural and functional changes within the brain as evident by serial MRI and extensive cognitive assessments at 3–12 months after ICU discharge.ResultsTo date, we have performed 51 3‐month follow‐up MRIs in the ICU survivors. Of these, two patients (~4%) have had incidental findings on brain MRI findings requiring activation of the Incidental Findings Management Plan. Furthermore, the neuropsychological and neurological examinations have so far revealed varying and mixed patterns. Several patients expressed cognitive and/or mental concerns and fatigue, complaints closely related to brain fog.ConclusionThe study goal is to gain a better understanding of the pathological mechanisms and neurological consequences of this new disease, with a special emphasis on neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory processes, in order to identify targets of intervention and rehabilitation.
Combining offtake and participatory data to assess the sustainability of a hunting system in northern Congo
Authors: Riddell Michael , Maisels Fiona , Lawrence Anna , Stokes Emma , Schulte‐Herbrüggen Björn , Ingram Daniel J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractResearch suggests that bushmeat is hunted at unsustainable rates throughout much of the Congo basin, although accurately measuring hunting sustainability is challenging. Offtake data can contribute towards sustainability assessments, and when incorporated with information on hunters' strategies, can be used to monitor changes in hunting dynamics. We used a combination of (1) a long‐term, quantitative yet low‐resolution hunting offtake data set, (2) qualitative data acquired through participatory methods, and (3) a high‐resolution offtake survey, to examine the changes in a hunting system undergoing change due to new roads and associated socio‐economic developments in northern Republic of the Congo. Our results indicated that while the conclusions drawn from the different data sets were broadly the same (indicating wildlife depletion, particularly in one hunting zone), the results of the analysis of the participatory and the high‐resolution offtake data set provided an explanation for trends in the long‐term low‐resolution offtake data set, including the degree to which long‐term trends are due to changes in hunting strategy, or in underlying wildlife populations. We discuss how participatory hunter surveys can be used to distinguish between changes in prey populations and changes in hunting strategy in long‐term low‐resolution hunting offtake data sets, therefore, improving the effectiveness of long‐term offtake data sets to assess sustainability of hunting.
Longitudinal follow‐up of a novel classification system for irritable bowel syndrome: natural history and prognostic value
Authors: Black Christopher J. , Yiannakou Yan , Guthrie Elspeth , West Robert , Houghton Lesley A. , Ford Alexander C. 
Published: March 2022

SummaryBackgroundConventionally, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is subgrouped using predominant stool form, yet it is a complex disorder, with multiple biopsychosocial contributors. We previously derived and validated a latent class model subgrouping people with IBS into seven clusters based on gastrointestinal and extraintestinal symptoms and psychological profile.AimsTo conduct longitudinal follow‐up examining the natural history and prognostic value of these clusters.MethodsParticipants completed a 12‐month follow‐up questionnaire. We applied our model to these data, comparing cluster membership between the two time points in those still meeting Rome IV criteria at follow‐up, including stratifying the analysis by predominant stool pattern, and level of psychological burden, at baseline. We examined whether baseline cluster predicted the course of IBS, and whether starting new treatment was associated with changing cluster.ResultsEight hundred and eleven participants met Rome IV criteria for IBS at baseline, of whom 452 (55.7%) responded, and 319 (70.6%) still met Rome IV criteria for IBS at follow‐up. Of these, 172 (53.9%) remained in the same IBS cluster as at baseline and 147 changed cluster. Cluster membership stratified according to psychological comorbidity was more stable; 84% of those in a cluster with high psychological burden at baseline remained in such a cluster at follow‐up. People in clusters with high psychological burden at baseline had more severe symptoms (P < 0.001), received a higher mean number of subsequent treatments (P < 0.001), and were more likely to consult a doctor than people in clusters with low psychological burden (P < 0.001). There was no significant association between starting a new treatment and changing cluster at follow‐up.ConclusionsLongitudinal follow‐up demonstrated little transition between clusters with respect to psychological burden, and these appeared to predict disease course. Directing treatment according to cluster, including earlier use of psychological therapies, and exploring how this approach influences outcomes in IBS, should be examined.
Childhood trauma in children at familial high risk of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder: A longitudinal study. The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study – VIA 7 and VIA 11
Authors: Brandt Julie Marie , Hemager Nicoline , Gregersen Maja , Søndergaard Anne , Falkenberg Krantz Mette , Ohland Jessica , Wilms Martin , Birkehøj Rohd Sinnika , Hjorthøj Carsten , Veddum Lotte , Bruun Knudsen Christina , Krogh Andreassen Anna , Greve Aja , Spang Katrine Søborg , Christiani Camilla Austa , Ellersgaard Ditte , Klee Burton Birgitte , Gantriis Ditte Lou , Bliksted Vibeke , Mors Ole , Plessen Kerstin Jessica , Møllegaard Jepsen Jens Richardt , Nordentoft Merete , Elgaard Thorup Anne Amalie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivesChildhood trauma increases the risk of developing mental illness as does being born to parents with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. We aimed to compare prevalence of lifetime childhood trauma among 11‐year‐old children at familial high risk of schizophrenia (FHR‐SZ) or bipolar disorder (FHR‐BP) compared with population‐based controls (PBCs).DesignThe study is a longitudinal, prospective cohort study of children at FHR‐SZ, FHR‐BP, and PBCs.MethodsA cohort of 512 children at FHR‐SZ (N = 199), FHR‐BP (N = 118), and PBCs (N = 195) were examined at baseline (mean age 7.8, SD 0.2) and 451 children at FHR‐SZ (N = 172), FHR‐BP (N = 104), and PBCs (N = 175) were examined at four‐year follow‐up (mean age 11.9, SD 0.2, retention rate 87.3%). Childhood trauma was measured with a semi‐structured interview.ResultsChildren at FHR‐BP had an elevated risk of exposure to any lifetime trauma (age 0–11 years) compared with PBCs (OR 2.082, 95%CI 1.223–3.545, p = .007) measured with binary logistic regression. One‐way ANOVA revealed that both FHR‐groups had a higher lifetime prevalence of exposure to a greater number of types of trauma compared with PBCs (FHR‐SZ: observed mean: 1.53, 95%CI 1.29–1.77; FHR‐BP: observed mean: 1.56, 95%CI 1.26–1.85; PBCs: observed mean: 0.99, 95%CI 0.82–1.17; p < .001). Binary logistic regression showed that the lifetime risk of exposure to interpersonal trauma (age 0–11 years) was elevated for both FHR‐groups (FHR‐SZ: OR 3.773, 95%CI 2.122–6.710, p < .001; FHR‐BP: OR 3.602, 95%CI 1.913–6.783, p < .001).ConclusionsChildren at FHR‐SZ and FHR‐BP are at increased risk for being exposed to childhood trauma compared with PBCs. This study underscores the need for early detection, support, and prevention of childhood trauma in children at FHR‐SZ and FHR‐BP.
TopoNet: Topology Learning for 3D Reconstruction of Objects of Arbitrary Genus
Authors: Ben Charrada Tarek , Tabia Hedi , Chetouani Aladine , Laga Hamid 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe propose a deep reinforcement learning‐based solution for the 3D reconstruction of objects of complex topologies from a single RGB image. We use a template‐based approach. However, unlike previous template‐based methods, which are limited to the reconstruction of 3D objects of fixed topology, our approach learns simultaneously the geometry and topology of the target 3D shape in the input image. To this end, we propose a neural network that learns to deform a template to fit the geometry of the target object. Our key contribution is a novel reinforcement learning framework that enables the network to also learn how to adjust, using pruning operations, the topology of the template to best fit the topology of the target object. We train the network in a supervised manner using a loss function that enforces smoothness and penalizes long edges in order to ensure high visual plausibility of the reconstructed 3D meshes. We evaluate the proposed approach on standard benchmarks such as ShapeNet, and in‐the‐wild using unseen real‐world images. We show that the proposed approach outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art in terms of the visual quality of the reconstructed 3D meshes, and also generalizes well to out‐of‐category images.
POSITIVE SKILL CLUSTERING IN ROLE‐ASSIGNMENT MATCHING MODELS
Authors: Anderson Axel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractKremer and Maskin (1996, NBER Working Paper) explore matching when production involves defined roles. Despite underlying Cobb–Douglas production functions, the induced maximum production function is not supermodular (SPM), and positive sorting does not arise. This article introduces and solves a general class of role‐assignment matching models with general SPM production functions. The unique equilibrium entails a novel blend of positive sorting in the large, and locally negative sorting that I call positive clustering. I show how the equilibrium matching changes as the production function changes. In a dynamic extension, sorting, mobility, and wage inequality positively covary with changes in production across matching markets.
Characterization of the mitochondrial genomes ofBradysia hygida,Phytosciara flavipesandTrichosia splendens(Diptera: Sciaridae) and novel insights on the control region of sciarid mitogenomes
Authors: Trinca Vitor , Uliana João Vitor Cardoso , Ribeiro Geyza Katrinny Sousa , Torres Tatiana Teixeira , Monesi Nadia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSciarids, also called “fungus gnats” are small, almost entirely dark‐coloured insects. Sciarid larvae feed on different substrates and can infest agricultural crops and mushroom nurseries, causing economic losses. Of the 2174 Diptera mitogenome sequences currently available in GenBank, only eight are from the Sciaridae family, none of which are complete circular molecules. Here we describe the mitogenome sequences of three sciarid species:Phytosciara flavipes,Trichosia splendensandBradysia hygidaand provide novel insights on the control region of sciarid mitogenomes. The assembled mitogenomes range from 16,062 bp inP. flavipesto 17,095 bp inB. hygida. All 13 protein coding genes, 22 tRNAs and 2 rRNAs characteristic of insect mitogenomes were identified, but the sequence of the control region could not be determined. Experimental results suggest that theB. hygidacontrol region is about 21 kb long resulting in a 37 kb long mitogenome which constitutes the largest insect mitochondrial genome described so far. Phylogenetic analysis using all Bibionomorpha mitogenome sequences available in GenBank strongly supports the Sciaridae monophyly and led to the identification of species and subfamily specific gene rearrangements. Our study extends the knowledge of this large and diverse insect family that includes agricultural pest species.
Effects of dietary fibre on intestinal microbiota in geese evaluated by 16SrRNA gene sequencing
Authors: Jia Fangyuan , Guo Wei , Liu Yingkun , Zhang Tao , Xu Bo , Teng Zhanwei , Tao Dapeng , Zhou Haizhu , Zhang Di , Gao Yunhang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Aims
The purpose of the research is to study the effects of different fibre types and sources on the intestinal flora of geese.

Methods and Results
A total of 48 geese (males: 35 days old) were divided into four groups, each of which included three replicates of four geese. Groups 1–4 were fed a diet containing 5% corn stover Crude fibre (CF, the LJ group), 8% corn stover CF (the HJ group), 5% alfalfa CF (the LM group) or 8% alfalfa CF (the HM group), respectively. After 42 days of feeding, the intestinal flora of each group was determined by 16SrRNA gene sequencing. In the duodenum, the diet supplemented with corn stover meal increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Euryarchaeota, and with alfalfa as fibre source increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Tenericutes and Chloroflexi. In the jejunum, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Planctomycetes, Acidobacteria, Tenericutes and Spirochetes were significantly more abundant in the corn stover group. There were no significant differences among the results for the other two fibre sources, which were fibre level in their influence where in ileum. Firmicutes, Deferribacteres and Euryarchaeota with corn stover as fibre source in the cecum were higher than the alfalfa group.

Conclusions
Different fibre sources have significant effects on goose gut microbiota. The same flora has the same trend of change in different intestinal segments. The relative fibre source in the ileum makes the gut microbiota more sensitive to differences in fibre levels.

Significance and Impact of the Study
This study proved that the dietary fibre affects the intestinal flora. At the same time, different groups of dietary fibre may be used to provide the possibility to study functional roles of specific bacteria in host physiology.
Multiplex PCR assay for correct identification of the fish pathogenic species of Edwardsiella genus reveals the presence of E. anguillarum in South America in strains previously characterized as E. tarda
Authors: da Costa Arthur Roberto , Chideroli Roberta Torres , Lanes Gabriel Chagas , Ferrari Natália Amoroso , Chicoski Larissa Melo , Batista Catiane Estefani , Pandolfi Victor César Freitas , Ware Cynthia , Griffin Matt J. , dos Santos Anderson Rodrigues , de Carvalho Azevedo Vasco Ariston , da Costa Mateus Matiuzzi , de Pádua Pereira Ulisses 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Aims
Develop a species-specific multiplex PCR to correctly identify Edwardsiella species in routine diagnostic for fish bacterial diseases.

Methods and Results
The genomes of 62 Edwardsiella spp. isolates available from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database were subjected to taxonomic and pan-genomic analyses to identify unique regions that could be exploited by species-specific PCR. The designed primers were tested against isolated Edwardsiella spp. strains, revealing errors in commercial biochemical tests for bacterial classification regarding Edwardsiella species.

Conclusion
Some of the genomes of Edwardsiella spp. in the NCBI platform were incorrectly classified, which can lead to errors in some research. A functional mPCR was developed to differentiate between phenotypically and genetically ambiguous Edwardsiella, with which, we detected the presence of Edwardsiella anguillarum affecting fish in Brazil.

Significance and Impact of the Study
This study shows that the misclassification of Edwardsiella spp in Brazil concealed the presence of E. anguillarum in South America. Also, this review of the taxonomic classification of the Edwardsiella genus is a contribution to the field to help researchers with their sequencing and identification of genomes, showing some misclassifications in online databases that must be corrected, as well as developing an easy assay to characterize Edwardsiella species in an end-point mPCR.