bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparison of multiple statistically downscaled climate change datasets for the conterminous USA
Authors: Kim John B , Jiang Yueyang , Hawkins Linnia R , Still Christopher J 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Climate change projections provided by global climate models (GCM) are generally too coarse for local and regional applications. Local and regional climate change impact studies therefore use downscaled datasets. While there are studies that evaluate downscaling methodologies, there is no study comparing the downscaled datasets that are actually distributed and used in climate change impact studies, and there is no guidance for selecting a published downscaled dataset. We compare five widely used statistically downscaled climate change projection datasets that cover the conterminous USA (CONUS): ClimateNA, LOCA, MACAv2-LIVNEH, MACAv2-METDATA, and NEX-DCP30. All of the datasets are derived from CMIP5 GCMs and are publicly distributed. The five datasets generally have good agreement across CONUS for Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 4.5 and 8.5, although the agreement among the datasets vary greatly depending on the GCM, and there are many localized areas of sharp disagreements. Areas of higher dataset disagreement emerge over time, and their importance relative to differences among GCMs is comparable between RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. Dataset disagreement displays distinct regional patterns, with greater disagreement in △Tmax and △Tmin in the interior West and in the North, and disagreement in △P in California and the Southeast. LOCA and ClimateNA are often the outlier dataset, while the seasonal timing of ClimateNA is somewhat shifted from the others. To easily identify regional study areas with high disagreement, we generated maps of dataset disagreement aggregated to states, ecoregions, watersheds, and forests. Climate change assessment studies can use the maps to evaluate and select one or more downscaled datasets for their study area.
Reading Private Photography
Authors: Ashkenazi Ofer 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Private photography is one of the types of source material most readily available to historians of the past century. Yet scholars rarely exploit this vast reservoir of visual documents. This article proposes a path toward a more systematic reading of private photography in historical inquiry, which highlights the modes of expression established in the photographs and in the albums. Regardless of the (undocumented) intentions of the photographers—and of the compilers of the albums—these modes disclose their position vis-à-vis the reality they captured, preserved, and arranged in the album. Rather than presenting an obstacle, the “banality” of the scenes is central to my reading of the photographs’ value to historians. As a case study, I consider here private photographs of Jews in Germany of the 1930s. While the Jewish experience in the face of Nazism is hardly an overlooked topic, I argue that analysis of private photography discloses intricacies that have been disregarded or marginalized by historians. In particular, Jewish photographers’ recurrent use of the two modes, pathos and irony, reveals a plethora of understudied reactions both to their growing exclusion from German society and to major trends in the German-Jewish identity discourse of the time.
The Well That Wept Blood
Authors: de la Torre Oscar 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This article uses the oral myth of a blood-weeping water well from a small city in the Amazon River to discuss the origins and the significance of haunted waterscapes for Black Amazonians. According to this myth, a well that still exists on the lands of an ancient sugar plantation weeps blood to mourn the slaves whose bodies were carelessly thrown there after a life of exploitation and abuse. The article tracks the history of the myth by interrogating its Indigenous substrate, its arrival to Amazonia in the nineteenth century thanks to Bantu-speaking enslaved Africans, and its additional twenty-first-century changes in a context of post–military dictatorship Black rural mobilization. It points to the centrality of haunted waterscapes and slave ghostlore in present-day processes of identity building and Black mobilization in Amazonia (Brazil), and highlights the necessity to study analog processes across the African diaspora in the Americas.
Is More Better? Benefits of Hyaluronic Acid Soft Tissue Filler on the Psychological- and Social-Related Quality of Life Dimensions
Authors: Michon Alain , Hassan Haidar 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Hyaluronic acid (HA) soft tissue fillers are popular for volumizing, sculpting, or rejuvenating the face. Their effect beyond these cosmetic benefits remains poorly defined, especially the changes in the psychological and social dimensions of health following cosmetic HA filler injections.

Objectives
To determine whether injecting more facial aesthetic units with HA soft tissue filler will improve the health-related quality of life dimension of patients.

Methods
A prospective study was conducted to assess the psychological and social benefits of treating multiple facial aesthetic units with HA soft tissue filler using 3 validated FACE-Q scales at baseline and 4 weeks posttreatment between January and August 2022.

Results
Data for 28 participants (n = 26 females [93%]; mean age: 49.7 ± 10.1 years) are available and reveal significant improvements on the psychological (+24.5; P &lt; .001) and social functioning (+18.5; P &lt; .001) FACE-Q scales and a reduction in the appearance-related distress score (−17.8; P &lt; .001) posttreatment compared to baseline. A mean volume of 4.7 mL (range 1.0-15.2 mL) was injected. However, patients who had &gt;2 facial aesthetic units injected did not statistically score better on the FACE-Q scales.

Conclusions
Facial treatment with HA fillers was associated with a marked improvement in the health-related quality of life dimension. While understanding patients’ aims and motivation, an individualized treatment approach is strongly encouraged instead of a “whole-face” approach.

Level of Evidence: 3
Gene set proximity analysis: expanding gene set enrichment analysis through learned geometric embeddings, with drug-repurposing applications in COVID-19
Authors: Cousins Henry , Hall Taryn , Guo Yinglong , Tso Luke , Tzeng Kathy T H , Cong Le , Altman Russ B 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Motivation
Gene set analysis methods rely on knowledge-based representations of genetic interactions in the form of both gene set collections and protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks. However, explicit representations of genetic interactions often fail to capture complex interdependencies among genes, limiting the analytic power of such methods.

Results
We propose an extension of gene set enrichment analysis to a latent embedding space reflecting PPI network topology, called gene set proximity analysis (GSPA). Compared with existing methods, GSPA provides improved ability to identify disease-associated pathways in disease-matched gene expression datasets, while improving reproducibility of enrichment statistics for similar gene sets. GSPA is statistically straightforward, reducing to a version of traditional gene set enrichment analysis through a single user-defined parameter. We apply our method to identify novel drug associations with SARS-CoV-2 viral entry. Finally, we validate our drug association predictions through retrospective clinical analysis of claims data from 8 million patients, supporting a role for gabapentin as a risk factor and metformin as a protective factor for severe COVID-19.

Availability and implementation
GSPA is available for download as a command-line Python package at https://github.com/henrycousins/gspa.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Impact of biomarker type on periprocedural myocardial infarction in patients undergoing elective PCI
Authors: Piccolo Raffaele , Leone Attilio , Avvedimento Marisa , Simonetti Fiorenzo , Ippolito Domenico , Angellotti Domenico , Verde Nicola , Manzi Lina , Cirillo Plinio , Serafino Luigi Di , Fortunato Giuliana , Franzone Anna , Esposito Giovanni 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Periprocedural myocardial infarction (MI) according to the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (SCAI) criteria has prognostic relevance among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, it is unclear whether the type of cardiac biomarker used for the diagnosis of periprocedural MI plays a role in terms of event frequency and outcomes.

Objectives
To compare the characteristics of SCAI periprocedural MI based on creatine kinase-myocardial band fraction (CK-MB) vs. high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) in patients undergoing elective PCI.

Methods and results
Between 2017 and 2021, periprocedural MI was assessed in a prospective study. The primary clinical outcome of interest was all-cause death at 1-year follow-up. A total of 1010 patients undergoing elective PCI were included. SCAI periprocedural MI based on CK-MB vs. hs-cTnI occurred in 1.8 and 13.5% of patients, respectively. hs-cTnI periprocedural MI in the absence of concomitant CK-MB criteria was associated with lower rates of ancillary criteria, including angiographic, ECG, and cardiac imaging criteria. At 1-year follow-up, periprocedural MI defined by CK-MB (adjusted hazard ratio, HR, 4.27, 95% confidence intervals, CI, 1.23–14.8; P = 0.022) but not hs-cTnI (adjusted HR 2.04, 95% CI 0.94–4.45; P = 0.072) was associated with a higher risk of all-cause death. Hs-cTnI periprocedural MI was not predictive of death unless accompanied by CK-MB criteria (adjusted HR 4.64, 95% CI 1.32–16.31; P = 0.017).

Conclusion
In the setting of elective PCI, using hs-cTn instead of CK-MB resulted in a substantial increase in SCAI periprocedural MI events, which were not prognostically relevant in the absence of concurrent CK-MB elevations.
Neighborhood Environment and Mental Well-Being Among Chinese Older Adults: The Mediating Role of Social Capital
Authors: Lu Shiyu , Guo Yingqi , Chui Cheryl , Liu Yuqi , Chan On Fung , Chan Samuel W , Lum Terry Y S 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Neighborhood environments are increasingly recognized as associated with mental well-being among older adults. However, their underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated mediating effects of cognitive and structural social capital (SC) in relationships between neighborhood environments and mental well-being among older adults.

Research Design and Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 1,277 community-dwellers aged 60 years and older in Hong Kong in 2021. The Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale assessed mental well-being. Perceived age-friendly environment was assessed. Objective neighborhood environment was measured by the number of neighborhood facilities (e.g., transportation, community centers, leisure facilities) within 200-m and 500-m buffer areas from respondents’ residences. Structural equational modeling was used.

Results
Perceived age-friendly environment regarding community and health support had a protective role on mental well-being. More community centers were directly associated with better affective-emotional well-being, while more passive leisure facilities directly lowered psychological-functioning well-being. Cognitive SC outweighed structural SC in mediating relationships of neighborhood environment on mental well-being.

Discussion and Implications
Our findings advance the ecological model of aging by providing evidence for cognitive and structural SC as mediators to explain the relationship between neighborhood environment and mental well-being. Policy implications for optimizing mental well-being in aging societies are discussed.
Effect of PCM material and vibration on the performance of evacuated tube solar collector
Authors: Eidan Adel A , Ali Sarah H , Al Sahlani Assaad , Alshukri Mohammed J , Ahmed Ali Mahmood , AL-bonsrulah Hussein A Z , Raja Vijayanandh , Al-Bahrani Mohammed 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
It can be considered that the solar collector is an essential thermal device, and it can be used to utilize solar energy via collecting and concentrating solar radiation. This system has many applications, such as water heating, building heating and other industrial applications. In this work, two new systems of heat pipe evacuated tube solar collector (HP-ETSC) were built. The first one was integrated with phase change material (PCM) and the second one without PCM. The first part investigated the effect of integrating PCM on the behavior and performance of HP-ETSC. While in the second part, the influence of applying vibration with different frequencies on the system to enhance the system’s overall performance and efficiency was studied. All executed tests were done in Iraq and during the winter season. It selected four cases, (1) system without integrated PCM, without applying vibration; (2) system without integrated PCM, with applying vibration; (3) system with integrated PCM, without applying vibration; (4) a system with integrated PCM, with applying vibration, to find the optimal system of them. The results proved that the system’s performance was enhanced.
The performance increase of the wind-induced rotation VAWT by application of the passive variable pitching blade
Authors: Sun Xuejing , Hao Tianwei , Zhang Jintao , Dong Lu , Zhu Jianyang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The variable pitching of the blade has a great effect on the power extraction of the vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT). In the present study, a gear-linkage mechanism is incorporated into the design of the VAWT to achieve the passive variable pitching of the turbine blade, and the effect of the passive pitching amplitude and phase difference, on the power extraction performance, are analyzed by combining numerical analysis and experimental testing. The numerical results show that passive variable pitching can effectively improve the VAWT’s performance. The power extraction efficiencies of the turbine, with the optimized variable passive pitching blade, are 39.01, 25.83 and 15.78 times higher than those of the turbine with fixed blade, at the wind speeds of 3, 6 and 9 m/s, respectively. Further analysis of the vortex structure, around the turbine, reveals that variable passive pitching can suppress the vortex separated from the blade surface and weaken the dynamic interaction between the windward-separated vortex and leeward blade. Furthermore, the experimental test results, of the prototype with passive variable pitching and fixed blade, endorse the numerical conclusion viz. the average power of the prototype with variable pitching blade is 4.6 folds that of the prototype with fixed blade, under identical experimental conditions.
Disparities in patient portal access and the role of providers in encouraging access and use
Authors: Richwine Chelsea , Johnson Christian , Patel Vaishali 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to identify racial and ethnic disparities in patient portal offers, access, and use and to examine the role of providers in facilitating access to electronic health information (EHI) by offering patient portals and encouraging their use.

Materials and Methods
Using nationally representative survey data from 2019 and 2020 (N = 8028), we examined disparities in patients being offered access to a portal by their provider and differences in subsequent access and use. Using multivariable models, we estimated the effect of race and ethnicity on the likelihood of being offered, accessing or using a portal. Among those offered, we examined the relationship between provider encouragement and portal access; and for those who did not access their portal, we explored reasons for nonuse.

Results
Black and Hispanic individuals were offered and accessed patient portals at significantly lower rates than White individuals. Compared to Whites, Black and Hispanic individuals were 5.2 percentage-points less likely to be offered a portal (P &lt; .05) and, among those offered, 7.9 percentage-points less likely to access their portal (P &lt; .05). Black and Hispanic individuals who were offered and accessed a portal were 12 percentage-points more likely than Whites to use it to download or transmit information (P &lt; .01). Individuals who were offered a portal and encouraged to use it were 21 percentage-points more likely to access it.

Discussion
Differences in patient portal access and use are likely driven by disparities in which groups of patients reported being offered a portal.

Conclusions
Providers play an important role in increasing access to EHI by facilitating access to patient portals.
Modular orders on defaults in formal argumentation
Authors: Pardo Pere , Straßer Christian 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Default logic and formal argumentation are paradigmatic methods in the study of nonmonotonic inference. Defeasible information often comes in different strengths stemming from different degrees of reliability in epistemic applications or from varying strengths of authorities issuing norms in deontic applications. In both paradigms, methods have been developed to deal with prioritized knowledge bases and normative systems. Questions of comparability of these methods therefore naturally arise. Argumentation theory has been developed with a strong emphasis on unification. It is therefore a desideratum to obtain natural representations of various approaches to (prioritized) default logic within frameworks of structured argumentation, such as ASPIC. Important steps in this direction have been presented in Liao et al. (2016, 2018). In this work, we identify and address some problems in earlier translations, we broaden the focus from total to modular orderings of defaults and we consider non-normal defaults.
Nonlinearity-enabled higher-order exceptional singularities with ultra-enhanced signal-to-noise ratio
Authors: Bai Kai , Fang Liang , Liu Tian-Rui , Li Jia-Zheng , Wan Duanduan , Xiao Meng 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Higher-order exceptional points (HOEPs) with extraordinary responsivity are expected to exhibit a vastly improved performance in detection-related applications. However, over the past few years, such an approach has been questioned due to several potential drawbacks, including the stringent parameter requirements, fundamental resolution limits and noise. Here, exploring the consequence of nonlinear gain saturation in exceptional singularities of non-Hermitian systems, we offer a feasible scheme to overcome all the above difficulties. We provide a simple and intuitive example by demonstrating with both theory and circuit experiments an ‘exceptional nexus’ (‘EX’), a HOEP with an ultra-enhanced signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), in only two coupled resonators with the aid of nonlinear gain. The tedious parameter tuning in a six-dimensional hyper-dimensional space is reduced to two dimensions. The feedback mechanism of nonlinear saturable gain can give a solution to the ongoing debate on the SNR of EPs in other linear systems. Our findings advance the fundamental understanding of the peculiar topology of nonlinear non-Hermitian systems, significantly reduce the practical difficulty in EP sensing and possibly open new avenues for applications.
Pity
Authors: Nolan Cathal J. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter discusses European cultural views prior to World War I, where elites believed that their civilization was superior to all others and that science and trade and enlightened rationalism would be victorious over barbarism, including bringing an end to war. Europeans did not yet know that by mid-century the “heart of darkness” would beat all along the Rhine, Danube, Volga, and Thames, more than it ever did down the Congo. It explores romanticized first encounters of British and German troops in 1914, and of Austrian and Russian troops, noting how early chivalry and even humor devolved into murder and indifference as the war dragged on. It presents stories of small, personalized moral encounters that led to spared lives and moments of mercy. It explains how even the most successful killers on both sides would sometimes abstain from violence because of a flash of recognition that cut through rage and combat exhaustion to terrified, trembling humanity.
Conclusions
Authors: Nolan Cathal J. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Merciful sensibility, alongside cruelty and criminality, is found in war at the start and end more than in the middle. The shift back to restraint is rooted in recall of prewar perceptions of shared humanity that stir natural feelings of mercy. The concluding chapter focuses on virtue and honor that may be alternately inspired or discouraged by military codes and cultures as they reveal themselves under fire, in trauma-inducing dilemmas where choices made shock the chooser. It considers wars not as faceless forces or tectonic plates that move history below a surface unengaged by flesh-and-blood people. It stresses the individual character of soldiers and a psychology of personal standards that more often trumps reliance on military law, social mores, and any abstract moral philosophy.
Public Relations and Neoliberalism
Authors: Demetrious Kristin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This book is about public relations. But it is also about how an entire generation has learned to think, speak, and live within a market-driven neoliberal logic, using the distinctive language practices and vocabularies of “PR.” To chart this cultural shift, a detailed historical analysis of the little-known Mont Pèlerin Society and its followers in the twentieth century shows how the relationships that joined money, power, and an ideological agenda impelled a partnership with public relations that led to its wider propagation and proliferation in society. Today, these conditions not only determine what or whose voices are heard, but they form an iron grip on the public imagination, deafening the public to the cries of those marginalized individuals and groups entrapped by circumstance and subject to fear, vulnerability, and hardship, or to the science that is critical to the planet’s survival. The book focuses on two of the most pressing global issues of the present: climate change denial and the elision of the human rights of people seeking to become members of a nation-state through refugee status, political asylum, and immigration. Public debate determines politics, but all too often politics lags, or stumbles and falls, as the many voices jostling for attention in the contest of ideas become caught up in conflict and language games and fail to make any real mark at all. The distinctive language practices of public relations, organized around an all-encompassing, free-market-based view of the world, make this new reality happen in ways that are sometimes counterintuitive.
The Poets of Tin Pan Alley
Authors: Furia Philip , Patterson Laurie J. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This book explores the impact of Great American Songbook lyricists on the music of the early 1900s and the connections between what was happening in the country (depression, racism, war) and the music. Included in the exploration is an examination of how the music was used in Broadway shows and Hollywood musical movies. Each chapter is dedicated to either a specific lyricist and the people they collaborated with or to a group of lyricists of an era (swing or jazz) or to how the music was implemented (Tin Pan Alley or Hollywood). Within the book are snippets of how the lyrics were applied to the music.