bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SASSIER22: Full‐Waveform Tomography of the Eastern Indonesian Region That Includes Topography, Bathymetry, and the Fluid Ocean
Authors: Wehner Deborah , Rawlinson Nicholas , Greenfield Tim , Daryono  , Miller Meghan S. , Supendi Pepen , Lü ChuanChuan , Widiyantoro Sri 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe present a new 3‐D seismic structural model of the eastern Indonesian region and its surroundings from full‐waveform inversion (FWI) that exploits seismic data filtered at periods between 15–150 s. SASSY21—a recent 3‐D FWI tomographic model of Southeast Asia—is used as a starting model, and our study region is characterized by particularly good data coverage, which facilitates a more refined image. We use the spectral‐element solver Salvus to determine the full 3‐D wavefield, accounting for the fluid ocean explicitly by solving a coupled system of acoustic and elastic wave equations. This is computationally more expensive but allows seismic waves within the water layer to be simulated, which becomes important for periods ≤20 s. We investigate path‐dependent effects of surface elevation (topography and bathymetry) and the fluid ocean on synthetic waveforms, and compare our final model to the tomographic result obtained with the frequently used ocean loading approximation. Furthermore, we highlight some of the key features of our final model—SASSIER22—after 34 L‐BFGS iterations, which reveals detailed anomalies down to the mantle transition zone, including a convergent double‐subduction zone along the southern segment of the Philippine Trench, which was not evident in the starting model. A more detailed illumination of the slab beneath the North Sulawesi Trench reveals a pronounced positive wavespeed anomaly down to 200 km depth, consistent with the maximum depth of seismicity, and a more diffuse but aseismic positive wavespeed anomaly that continues to the 410 km discontinuity.
Seismic Induced Ground Deformation and Ionospheric Perturbations of the 29 July 2021, Mw 8.2 Chignik Earthquake, Alaska
Authors: Sunil A. S. , Sunil P. S. , Shrivastava M. N. , Maurya A. K. , Thomas D. , Gonzalez G. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe subsurface, surface, and ionospheric characteristics associated with the 29 July 2021 Mw 8.2 Chignik Earthquake are studied in detail using continuous Global Positioning System (cGPS) data over Alaska. The cGPS‐inverted coseismic displacements demonstrate that the slip is distributed along the rupture area northeast of the epicenter with a maximum coseismic slip of ∼3.85 m occurring at a depth of ∼24.25 km. The vertical surface displacement estimated from the coseismic slip exhibits a similar deformation pattern with a maximum uplift of ∼1.0 m over the highly slip area. The ionospheric electron density perturbations associated with the Chignik earthquake were investigated using cGPS‐derived Total Electron Content (TEC) data. Unlike the northeast‐directed coseismic rupture and surface uplift, the ionospheric imprints of this event are more dominant southwest of the epicenter. This study reveals that the Earth's magnetic field and the ionospheric background electron density significantly controlled the TEC perturbation orientation and amplitudes rather than the rupture propagation and coseismic uplift pattern.
Histone methyltransferase Smyd2 drives adipogenesis via regulating STAT3 phosphorylation
Authors: Su Haibi , Meng Chen , Xu Jie , Su Zhenghua , Xiao Chenxi , Yang Di 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAdipogenesis is a complex cascade involved with the preadipocytes differentiation towards mature adipocytes, accelerating the onset of obesity. Histone methyltransferase SET and MYND domain-containing protein 2 (Smyd2), is involved in a variety of cellular biological functions but the epigenetic regulation of Smyd2 in adipogenesis and adipocyte differentiation remains unclear. BothSmyd2siRNA and LLY-507, an inhibitor of Smyd2, were used to examine the effect of Smyd2 on adipogenesis and adipocyte differentiation in vitro. Smyd2 heterozygous knockout (Smyd2+/−) mice were also constructed to validate the relationship between Smyd2 and adipogenesis in vivo. We found that Smyd2 is abundant in white adipose tissue and closely correlated with adipocyte differentiation. Knockdown or inhibition of Smyd2 restrained adipocyte differentiation in vitro, which requires the phosphorylation of STAT3. In vivo functional validation,Smyd2+/−mice exert significant fat loss but not susceptible to HFD-induced obesity. Taken together, our findings revealed that Smyd2 is a novel regulator of adipocyte differentiation by regulating the phosphorylation of STAT3, which provides insights into the effects of epigenetic regulation in adipogenesis. Inhibition of Smyd2 might represent a viable strategy for anti-adipogenesis and maybe further alleviate obesity-related diseases in humans.
Long-term whole blood DNA preservation by cost-efficient cryosilicification
Authors: Zhou Liang , Lei Qi , Guo Jimin , Gao Yuanyuan , Shi Jianjun , Yu Hong , Yin Wenxiang , Cao Jiangfan , Xiao Botao , Andreo Jacopo , Ettlinger Romy , Jeffrey Brinker C. , Wuttke Stefan , Zhu Wei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDeoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the blueprint of life, and cost-effective methods for its long-term storage could have many potential benefits to society. Here we present the method of in situ cryosilicification of whole blood cells, which allows long-term preservation of DNA. Importantly, our straightforward approach is inexpensive, reliable, and yields cryosilicified samples that fulfill the essential criteria for safe, long-term DNA preservation, namely robustness against external stressors, such as radical oxygen species or ultraviolet radiation, and long-term stability in humid conditions at elevated temperatures. Our approach could enable the room temperature storage of genomic information in book-size format for more than one thousand years (thermally equivalent), costing only 0.5 $/person. Additionally, our demonstration of 3D-printed DNA banking artefacts, could potentially allow ‘artificial fossilization’.
Wnt4 is heterogeneously activated in maturing β-cells to control calcium signaling, metabolism and function
Authors: Katsumoto Keiichi , Yennek Siham , Chen Chunguang , Silva Luis Fernando Delgadillo , Traikov Sofia , Sever Dror , Azad Ajuna , Shan Jingdong , Vainio Seppo , Ninov Nikolay , Speier Stephan , Grapin-Botton Anne 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDiabetes is a multifactorial disorder characterized by loss or dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells. β-cells are heterogeneous, exhibiting different glucose sensing, insulin secretion and gene expression. They communicate with other endocrine cell types via paracrine signals and between β-cells via gap junctions. Here, we identify the importance of signaling between β-cells via the extracellular signal WNT4. We show heterogeneity in Wnt4 expression, most strikingly in the postnatal maturation period, Wnt4-positive cells, being more mature while Wnt4-negative cells are more proliferative. Knock-out in adult β-cells shows that WNT4 controls the activation of calcium signaling in response to a glucose challenge, as well as metabolic pathways converging to lower ATP/ADP ratios, thereby reducing insulin secretion. These results reveal that paracrine signaling between β-cells is important in addition to gap junctions in controling insulin secretion. Together with previous reports of WNT4 up-regulation in obesity our observations suggest an adaptive insulin response coordinating β-cells.
Single-shot quantum error correction with the three-dimensional subsystem toric code
Authors: Kubica Aleksander , Vasmer Michael 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFault-tolerant protocols and quantum error correction (QEC) are essential to building reliable quantum computers from imperfect components that are vulnerable to errors. Optimizing the resource and time overheads needed to implement QEC is one of the most pressing challenges. Here, we introduce a new topological quantum error-correcting code, the three-dimensional subsystem toric code (3D STC). The 3D STC can be realized with geometrically-local parity checks of weight at most three on the cubic lattice with open boundary conditions. We prove that one round of parity-check measurements suffices to perform reliable QEC with the 3D STC even in the presence of measurement errors. We also propose an efficient single-shot QEC decoding strategy for the 3D STC and numerically estimate the resulting storage threshold against independent bit-flip, phase-flip and measurement errors to bepSTC ≈ 1.045%. Such a high threshold together with local parity-check measurements make the 3D STC particularly appealing for realizing fault-tolerant quantum computing.
Investigating lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase-assisted wood cell wall degradation with microsensors
Authors: Chang Hucheng , Gacias Amengual Neus , Botz Alexander , Schwaiger Lorenz , Kracher Daniel , Scheiblbrandner Stefan , Csarman Florian , Ludwig Roland 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLytic polysaccharide monooxygenase (LPMO) supports biomass hydrolysis by increasing saccharification efficiency and rate. Recent studies demonstrate that H2O2 rather than O2 is the cosubstrate of the LPMO-catalyzed depolymerization of polysaccharides. Some studies have questioned the physiological relevance of the H2O2-based mechanism for plant cell wall degradation. This study reports the localized and time-resolved determination of LPMO activity on poplar wood cell walls by measuring the H2O2 concentration in their vicinity with a piezo-controlled H2O2 microsensor. The investigated Neurospora crassa LPMO binds to the inner cell wall layer and consumes enzymatically generated H2O2. The results point towards a high catalytic efficiency of LPMO at a low H2O2 concentration that auxiliary oxidoreductases in fungal secretomes can easily generate. Measurements with a glucose microbiosensor additionally demonstrate that LPMO promotes cellobiohydrolase activity on wood cell walls and plays a synergistic role in the fungal extracellular catabolism and in industrial biomass degradation.
The retaining β-Kdo glycosyltransferase WbbB uses a double-displacement mechanism with an intermediate adduct rearrangement step
Authors: Forrester Taylor J. B. , Ovchinnikova Olga G. , Li Zhixiong , Kitova Elena N. , Nothof Jeremy T. , Koizumi Akihiko , Klassen John S. , Lowary Todd L. , Whitfield Chris , Kimber Matthew S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWbbB, a lipopolysaccharide O-antigen synthesis enzyme from Raoultella terrigena, contains an N-terminal glycosyltransferase domain with a highly modified architecture that adds a terminal β-Kdo (3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid) residue to the O-antigen saccharide, with retention of stereochemistry. We show, using mass spectrometry, that WbbB forms a covalent adduct between the catalytic nucleophile, Asp232, and Kdo. We also determine X-ray structures for the CMP-β-Kdo donor complex, for Kdo-adducts with D232N and D232C WbbB variants, for a synthetic disaccharide acceptor complex, and for a ternary complex with both a Kdo-adduct and the acceptor. Together, these structures show that the enzyme-linked Asp232-Kdo adduct rotates to reposition the Kdo into a second sub-site, which then transfers Kdo to the acceptor. Retaining glycosyltransferases were thought to use only the front-side SNi substitution mechanism; here we show that retaining glycosyltransferases can also potentially use double-displacement mechanisms, but incorporating an additional catalytic subsite requires rearrangement of the protein’s architecture.
Molecular insights into the distinct signaling duration for the peptide-induced PTH1R activation
Authors: Zhai Xiuwen , Mao Chunyou , Shen Qingya , Zang Shaokun , Shen Dan-Dan , Zhang Huibing , Chen Zhaohong , Wang Gang , Zhang Changming , Zhang Yan , Liu Zhihong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe parathyroid hormone type 1 receptor (PTH1R), a class B1 G protein-coupled receptor, plays critical roles in bone turnover and Ca2+ homeostasis. Teriparatide (PTH) and Abaloparatide (ABL) are terms as long-acting and short-acting peptide, respectively, regarding their marked duration distinctions of the downstream signaling. However, the mechanistic details remain obscure. Here, we report the cryo-electron microscopy structures of PTH– and ABL–bound PTH1R-Gs complexes, adapting similar overall conformations yet with notable differences in the receptor ECD regions and the peptide C-terminal portions. 3D variability analysis and site-directed mutagenesis studies uncovered that PTH–bound PTH1R–Gs complexes display less motions and are more tolerant of mutations in affecting the receptor signaling than ABL–bound complexes. Furthermore, we combined the structural analysis and signaling assays to delineate the molecular basis of the differential signaling durations induced by these peptides. Our study deepens the mechanistic understanding of ligand-mediated prolonged or transient signaling.
Neuromelanin and T2*-MRI for the assessment of genetically at-risk, prodromal, and symptomatic Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Ben Bashat Dafna , Thaler Avner , Lerman Shacham Hedva , Even-Sapir Einat , Hutchison Matthew , Evans Karleyton C. , Orr-Urterger Avi , Cedarbaum Jesse M. , Droby Amgad , Giladi Nir , Mirelman Anat , Artzi Moran 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMRI was suggested as a promising method for the diagnosis and assessment of Parkinson’s Disease (PD). We aimed to assess the sensitivity of neuromelanin-MRI and T2* with radiomics analysis for detecting PD, identifying individuals at risk, and evaluating genotype-related differences. Patients with PD and non-manifesting (NM) participants [NM-carriers (NMC) and NM-non-carriers (NMNC)], underwent MRI and DAT-SPECT. Imaging-based metrics included 48 neuromelanin and T2* radiomics features and DAT-SPECT specific-binding-ratios (SBR), were extracted from several brain regions. Imaging values were assessed for their correlations with age, differences between groups, and correlations with the MDS-likelihood-ratio (LR) score. Several machine learning classifiers were evaluated for group classification. A total of 127 participants were included: 46 patients with PD (62.3 ± 10.0 years) [15:LRRK2-PD, 16:GBA-PD, and 15:idiopathic-PD (iPD)], 47 NMC (51.5 ± 8.3 years) [24:LRRK2-NMC and 23:GBA-NMC], and 34 NMNC (53.5 ± 10.6 years). No significant correlations were detected between imaging parameters and age. Thirteen MRI-based parameters and radiomics features demonstrated significant differences between PD and NMNC groups. Support-Vector-Machine (SVM) classifier achieved the highest performance (AUC = 0.77). Significant correlations were detected between LR scores and two radiomic features. The classifier successfully identified two out of three NMC who converted to PD. Genotype-related differences were detected based on radiomic features. SBR values showed high sensitivity in all analyses. In conclusion, neuromelanin and T2* MRI demonstrated differences between groups and can be used for the assessment of individuals at-risk in cases when DAT-SPECT can’t be performed. Combining neuromelanin and T2*-MRI provides insights into the pathophysiology underlying PD, and suggests that iron accumulation precedes neuromelanin depletion during the prodromal phase.
CMTM4 is a subunit of the IL-17 receptor and mediates autoimmune pathology
Authors: Knizkova Daniela , Pribikova Michaela , Draberova Helena , Semberova Tereza , Trivic Tijana , Synackova Alzbeta , Ujevic Andrea , Stefanovic Jana , Drobek Ales , Huranova Martina , Niederlova Veronika , Tsyklauri Oksana , Neuwirth Ales , Tureckova Jolana , Stepanek Ondrej , Draber Peter 
Published: October 2022

AbstractInterleukin-17A (IL-17A) is a key mediator of protective immunity to yeast and bacterial infections but also drives the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases, such as psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis. Here we show that the tetra-transmembrane protein CMTM4 is a subunit of the IL-17 receptor (IL-17R). CMTM4 constitutively associated with IL-17R subunit C to mediate its stability, glycosylation and plasma membrane localization. Both mouse and human cell lines deficient in CMTM4 were largely unresponsive to IL-17A, due to their inability to assemble the IL-17R signaling complex. Accordingly, CMTM4-deficient mice had a severe defect in the recruitment of immune cells following IL-17A administration and were largely resistant to experimental psoriasis, but not to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Collectively, our data identified CMTM4 as an essential component of IL-17R and a potential therapeutic target for treating IL-17-mediated autoimmune diseases.
A ten-year (2009–2018) database of cancer mortality rates in Italy
Authors: Cazzolla Gatti Roberto , Di Paola Arianna , Monaco Alfonso , Velichevskaya Alena , Amoroso Nicola , Bellotti Roberto 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn Italy, approximately 400.000 new cases of malignant tumors are recorded every year. The average of annual deaths caused by tumors, according to the Italian Cancer Registers, is about 3.5 deaths and about 2.5 per 1,000 men and women respectively, for a total of about 3 deaths every 1,000 people. Long-term (at least a decade) and spatially detailed data (up to the municipality scale) are neither easily accessible nor fully available for public consultation by the citizens, scientists, research groups, and associations. Therefore, here we present a ten-year (2009–2018) database on cancer mortality rates (in the form of Standardized Mortality Ratios, SMR) for 23 cancer macro-types in Italy on municipal, provincial, and regional scales. We aim to make easily accessible a comprehensive, ready-to-use, and openly accessible source of data on the most updated status of cancer mortality in Italy for local and national stakeholders, researchers, and policymakers and to provide researchers with ready-to-use data to perform specific studies.
A data set of distributed global population and water withdrawal from 1960 to 2020
Authors: Yan Denghua , Zhang Xin , Qin Tianling , Li Chenhao , Zhang Jianyun , Wang Hao , Weng Baisha , Wang Kun , Liu Shanshan , Li Xiangnan , Yang Yuheng , Li Weizhi , Lv Zhenyu , Wang Jianwei , Li Meng , He Shan , Liu Fang , Bi Wuxia , Xu Ting , Shi Xiaoqing , Man Zihao , Sun Congwu , Liu Meiyu , Wang Mengke , Huang Yinghou , Long Haoyu , Niu Yongzhen , Dorjsuren Batsuren , Gedefaw Mohammed , Li Yizhe , Tian Zihao , Mu Shizhou , Wang Wenyu , Zhou Xiaoxiang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPopulation and water withdrawal data sets are currently faced with difficulties in collecting, processing and verifying multi-source time series, and the spatial distribution characteristics of long series are also relatively lacking. Time series is the basic guarantee for the accuracy of data sets, and the production of long series spatial distribution is a realistic requirement to expand the application scope of data sets. Through the time-consuming and laborious basic processing work, this research focuses on the population and water intake time series, and interpolates and extends them to specific land uses to ensure the accuracy of the time series and the demand of spatially distributed data sets. This research provides a set of population density and water intensity products from 1960 to 2020 distributed to the administrative units or the corresponding regions. The data set fills the gaps in the multi-year data set for the accuracy of population density and the intensity of water withdrawal.
Development and cross-national investigation of a model explaining participation in WHO-recommended and placebo behaviours to prevent COVID-19 infection
Authors: Kłosowska Joanna , Bajcar Elżbieta A. , Bieniek Helena , Brączyk Justyna , Joshanloo Mohsen , Mattarozzi Katia , Bagnis Arianna , Pontén Moa , Lalouni Maria , Geers Andrew L. , Clemens Kelly S. , Park Joonha , Choi Gahee , Choi Yun-Kyeung , Jung Wookyoung , Son Eunjung , Yoon Hyae Young , Bąbel Przemysław 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTo protect themselves from COVID-19, people follow the recommendations of the authorities, but they also resort to placebos. To stop the virus, it is important to understand the factors underlying both types of preventive behaviour. This study examined whether our model (developed based on the Health Belief Model and the Transactional Model of Stress) can explain participation in WHO-recommended and placebo actions during the pandemic. Model was tested on a sample of 3346 participants from Italy, Japan, Poland, Korea, Sweden, and the US. It was broadly supported: objective risk and cues to action showed both direct and indirect (through perceived threat) associations with preventive behaviours. Moreover, locus of control, decision balance, health anxiety and preventive coping moderated these relationships. Numerous differences were also found between countries. We conclude that beliefs about control over health and perceived benefits of actions are critical to the development of interventions to improve adherence to recommendations.
Reference genes for the developing mouse lung under consideration of biological, technical and experimental confounders
Authors: Shin H. , Morty R. E. , Sucre J. M. , Negretti N. M. , Markmann M. , Hossain H. , Krauss-Etschmann S. , Dehmel S. , Hilgendorff A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFor gene expression analysis, the raw data obtained from RT-qPCR are preferably normalized to reference genes, which should be constantly expressed regardless of experimental conditions. Selection of reference genes is particularly challenging for the developing lung because of the complex transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of genes during organ maturation and injury repair. To date, there are only limited experimental data addressing reliable reference genes for this biological circumstance. In this study, we evaluated reference genes for the lung in neonatal C57BL/6 mice under consideration of biological, technical and experimental conditions. For that, we thoroughly selected candidates from commonly used reference genes side-by-side with novel ones by analyzing publicly available microarray datasets. We performed RT-qPCR of the selected candidate genes and analyzed their expression variability using GeNorm and Normfinder. Cell-specific expression of the candidate genes was analyzed using our own single-cell RNA-sequencing data from the developing mouse lung. Depending on the investigated conditions, i.e., developmental stages, sex, RNA quality, experimental condition (hyperoxia) and cell types, distinct candidate genes demonstrated stable expression confirming their eligibility as reliable reference genes. Our results provide valuable information for the selection of proper reference genes in studies investigating the neonatal mouse lung.