bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The term bridewealth – A contribution to the terminology of matrimonial gift giving
Authors: Stanimirović Vojislav 
Published: February 2022

This essay attempts to bring more order to terminology of matrimonial gift giving – the ever more complicated area in the past couple of decades. Furthermore, it reaffirms the idea of the evolution of matrimonial gift giving, and after many decades in which historians of law and ethnologists focused their research on particularities of matrimonial gift giving in certain cultures and epochs, points out the need of their systematization.
Connecting history of law with ethnology, the author offers more precise references of the term brideprice, giving it back its usability, linking it with all the matrimonial gift givings the groom’s side presents to the bride’s father who possesses the exclusive authority to handle it as he pleases.
On the other hand, the paper emphasizes the unjust disregard and neglect of another type of matrimonial gift giving in science, or perhaps its erroneous definitions by some authors. Namely, all those matrimonial gift giving from the groom’s side directly or indirectly intended for the girl herself. Girl’s father no longer controls the matrimonial gift giving and he bestows most or all of it to the girl on the wedding. It is what girl brings into marriage under the veil of trousseau, and later partially of dowry. Later on, these symbolic matrimonial gift givings were no longer given to girl’s father not even symbolically, but rather went straight into her hands. These new matrimonial gift givings can no longer be assigned to a category of buying the bride, while the term indirect dowry proposed by Goody is inappropriate for it creates a false picture of these matrimonial gift givings. That is why, in the absence of an appropriate name, the author took the liberty of coining the term nevestnina to cover both aspects of these matrimonial gift-giving. The term bridewealth used in the English speaking areas to replace the politically incorrect term brideprice is proper for the term nevestnina. For the later variation of this matrimonial gift-giving author suggested the expression farewell gift.
The author illustrated the evolution of this matrimonial offering by Arabic mehr. It is by this example that the importance of theoretical framework of any matrimonial gift-giving analysis is pointed out, because mehr had three forms throughout its history keeping its name in the process. In addition, the necessity of an extensive cooperation between ethnology and history of law is also underlined, for only by exchange and synchronization of the results achieved, by respecting both views of the history of marriage more quality abstractions can be done, so a more gradual and a more precise picture of the evolution of matrimonial gift-giving can be presented.
The Amyloid Precursor Protein Plays Differential Roles in the UVA
Resistance and Proliferation of Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells
Authors: Sultan Fatima , Parkin Edward T. 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) can be characterised by
degeneration of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and the accumulation, in retinal drusen
deposits, of amyloid beta-peptides proteolytically derived, by secretases, from the amyloid precursor
protein (APP). Ultraviolet (UV) light exposure is a risk factor for the development of AMD.

Objectives:
In the current study, we investigated whether APP and/or its proteolysis are linked to the
UVA resistance or proliferation of ARPE-19 human RPE cells.

Methods:
Cell viability was determined, following UVA exposure, with prior small interfering
RNA-mediated APP depletion or secretase inhibitor treatments. APP levels/proteolysis were
analysed by immunoblotting. Cells were also grown in the presence/absence of secretase inhibitors
to assess their effects on longer-term culture growth. Finally, the effects of APP proteolytic
fragments on ARPE-19 cell proliferation were monitored following co-culture with human
embryonic kidney cells stably over-expressing these fragments.

Results:
Endogenous APP was depleted following UVA irradiation and β-secretase, but not α-
secretase, and the processing of the protein was reduced. Experimental APP depletion or γ-secretase
(but not α- or β-secretase) inhibition ablated the detrimental effect of UVA on cell viability. In
contrast, α-secretase, and possibly γ-secretase but not β-secretase activity, appeared to promote the
longer-term proliferation of ARPE-19 cells in the absence of UVA irradiation.

Conclusions:
There are clear but differential links between APP expression/proteolysis and the
proliferation and UVA resistance of ARPE-19 cells indicating that the protein should be
investigated further in relation to the identification of possible drug targets for the treatment of
AMD.
The Biochemical Disposition of Methylenedioxyphenyl Compounds
Authors: Kumagait Y. , Fukuto J.M. , Cho A.K. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
This review summarizes the interactions of the methylene­ dioxyphenyl or benzodioxole function with cytochrome P450 and their toxicological and pharmacokinetic implications. The methylenedioxy group is a common group in natural and synth,etic medicinal compounds and
provides an electronegative function that •is relatively unreactive and non
polar. The function is oxidized by cytochrome P450 to form a catechol and T
formate or carbon monooxide or alternatively, forms a complex with the heme iron of cytochrome
P450. This complex, characterized by its absorption in the 455 nm range, can be very stable and inhibits the catalytic cycle of the enzyme. This inhibitory action has been used to enhance the actions of insecticides and has been the basis for pharmacokinetic drug interactions, The catechol product of benzodioxole ring cleavage is redox active and can participate in quinone­ reactive oxygen based toxicity. The chemical basis for these interactions are proposed together with experimental ob ervations reported in the recent literature. Examples of pharmacokinetic drug interactions are also included.
Cholecystokinin Receptor Antagonists: Current Status
Authors: Trivedi Bharat K. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
Cholecystokinin (CCK), an endogenous peptide hormone, has been shown to have a wide range of physiological responses which has simulated a significant interest in identifying agonists and antagonists for CCK. Efforts, primarily led by the pharmaceutical industry, have led to the identification and development of CCK-A selective agents such as Loxiglumide and Devazepide. Both of these compounds have been evaluated in the clinic. More recently, due to the potential therapeutic utility of CCK-B antagonist in the treatment of anxiety, a large number of CCK-B receptor selective antagonists, such as L-365260 and Cl-988, have been
identified and developed. This has resulted in extensive structure activity relationship studies on a wide-range of templates. This article will focus on the medicinal chemistry approaches, and
SAR studies utilized by various laboratories to define the optimal template for both CCK-A and
CCK-8 receptor selective antagonists.
Protein-Protein Interactions as Therapeutic Targets for Cancer
Authors: Huber Hans E. , Koblan Kenneth S. , Heimbrook David C. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
The recent elucidation of many of the pathways involved in the regulation of cellular proliferation provides new opportunities for therapeutic intervention in the treatment of cancer. The inherent specificity of many of these protein-protein interactions should provide great selectivity, and emerging models of cell cycle control suggest that disrupting growth factor signalling pathways might selective_ly induce programmed cell death in cancer cells. However, many of these protein-protein interactions appear to occur over fairly large surfaces, suggesting that the identification of small molecules with the necessary affinity and specificity to disrupt these interactions in vivo represents
a challenging undertaking. In the current review, we highlight three particular targets in the growth factor
signalling pathways : growth factor - receptor binding, using Gastrin Releasing Peptide as a specific example; SH2 I SH3 domain interactions; and viral oncoprotein interaction with cellular proteins in the nucleus, focusing on the binding of Human Papillomavirus proteins with cellular growth suppressor gene products. These studies highlight both the promise and the pitfalls of selectively targeting protein-protein interactions for the treatment of cancer.
The Medicinal Chemistry of Nonsteroidal Antiestrogens: A Review
Authors: Magarian R.A. , Overacre L.B. , Singh S. , Meyert K.L. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
The inhibition of estrogen is a particularly useful strategy for the treatment of hormone-dependent breast tumors in postmenopausal females and possibly in premenopausal women and as a chemosuppressive in women at high risk of developing breast cancer. Nonsteroidal antiestrogens which exhibit potent antitumor effects represent a major advance in the management of breast cancer. Considerable effort by many research groups has been devoted to the search for novel pure nonsteroidal antiestrogens with the hope of finding antitumor agents that would be useful in estrogen receptor (ER) positive
or estrogen receptor (ER) negative disease. The reasoning behind the search for pure antiestrogens is based on the recognition that antiestrogens generally possess the partial estrogenic activity and a complete blockade of estrogen action cannot be achieved by agents like tamoxifen. Novel pure antiestrogens should be more effective than partial agonist in reducing the mitogenic action of estrogen on the growth of breast tumors and complete ablation of hormonal-dependent tumor growth is very desirable since it could provide a more rapid and longer-lasting remission. In addition, pure antiestrogens could be more effective in patients who experience a relapse during tamoxifen therapy, serving as a second-line treatment, and have the potential of demonstrating greater efficacy in first-line treatment of advanced breast cancer. This review covers the chemistry of the experimental and potentially useful nonsteroidal antiestrogens and the only agent, tamoxifen, used in the therapy of breast cancer with special emphasis on structure-activity relationships. Special attention was paid to the structural classes [1,2-bis(hydroxyphenyl)ethane; 2-phenylindoles; indolo[2,1-a] isoquinolines; 2-phenylbenzo[b] thiophenes; dibenzo[a,g]quinolizinones; triarylpropenones (TAPs); 3,4-dihydro-1-naphthalenyl­ methanones; 3-aroyl-2-arylbenzo[b]thiophenes; 2,3-diaryi-2H-1-benzopyrans; triphenyl­ ethylenes (TPEs); dichlorodiarylcyclopropanes (DDACs) and the 1,1-dichloro-2,2,3-triarylcyclo­ propanes (DTACs)] whose agents demonstrated particular activity in the in vitro receptor binding affinity assay and the in vivo uterotrophic and antiuterotrophic assays. Where possible, the in vitro antiproliferative properties of these agents in cell culture assays also were discussed.
Glucagon-Like Peptide-2 in the Control of Gastrointestinal Motility: Physiological Implications
Authors: Baccari Maria Caterina , Vannucchi Maria Giuliana , Idrizaj Eglantina 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
Glucagon-Like Peptide-2 (GLP-2) is a pleiotropic hormone that plays several roles in different organs and tissues, so being involved in many physiological processes. Among these, it regulates gastrointestinal (GI) tract function binding to a specific G-protein coupled receptor (GLP-2R). Of note, GLP-2R is widely expressed in different cells of the GI tract, including excitatory and inhibitory neurons of the enteric nervous system. In the gut, GLP-2 has been reported to play numerous actions, among which the modulation of motility. Nevertheless, most of the GLP-2 effects and its role in physiological processes are still debated. The aim of this minireview is to summarize the data present in the literature on the control of GI motility by GLP-2, the mechanism through which it occurs, and to discuss the physiological implications of such effects. A better understanding of the role of GLP-2 on GI motor responses may be of importance for the development of new therapeutic approaches in GI dysmotility.
Involvement of Terminase Complex in Herpes Simplex Virus Mature Virion Egress
Authors: Rao Archana Mahadev , Balireddy Sridevi , Mohammad Fayaz Shaik , Somashekara Divyashree M. , Hariharapura Raghu Chandrashekar 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
The life cycle of Herpes simplex virus starts with attachment to the host cell, injection of nucleocapsid into the cytoplasm, replication, transcription and viral protein production, and finally the assembly of the mature virion nucleopcapsid. The assembled nucleocapsid exits the host nucleus and gains a tegument layer bound within a bilayer of membrane phospholipid. The packaged virion particle then exits the host cell. The interaction of the (Deoxyribonucleic acid) DNA packaging complex- terminase, present on the mature viral nucleocapsid, with other proteins involved in nuclear egress and cytoplasmic tegumentation has led to the proposal of the model by which the terminase complex may be involved in these two events. The role of terminase complex in Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) genomic DNA encapsidation into the capsid is previously established, but the role of the terminase subunits post DNA packaging remains unclear. The current review provides a model by which the terminase complex may have a role to play in the events of nuclear egress and secondary envelopment.
Current Perspective of Synthesis of Medicinally Relevant Benzothiazole based Molecules: Potential for Antimicrobial and Anti-Inflammatory Activities
Authors: Gupta Kamini , Sirbaiya Anup Kumar , Kumar Vishal , Rahman Mohammad Azizur 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
The therapeutic potential of the majority of the marketed drugs is due to the presence of a heterocyclic nucleus, which constitutes a huge role in the field of medicinal chemistry. These heterocyclic scaffolds could act as a template in order to design potential therapeutic agents against several diseases. Benzothiazole scaffold is one of the influential heteroaromatic rings in the field of medicinal chemistry owing to its extensive pharmacological features. Herein, we have focused on the synthesis of benzothiazole-based medicinal molecules, which possess antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. This review covers a systematic description of synthetic routes for biologically relevant benzothiazole derivatives in the last five years. The main aim of this study is to show the diversification of benzothiazole-based molecules into their pharmacologically more active derivatives. This review's synthetic protocols include metal-free, metal-catalyzed, and metal precursor azo dyes strategies for the development of benzothiazole derived bioactive compounds. The discussion under the various headings covers synthetic schemes and biological activities of the most potent molecules in the form of minimum inhibitory concentration.
Melatonin as a Chronobiotic with Sleep-promoting Properties
Authors: Cruz-Sanabria Francy , Carmassi Claudia , Bruno Simone , Bazzani Andrea , Carli Marco , Scarselli Marco , Faraguna Ugo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:The use of exogenous melatonin (exo-MEL) as a sleep-promoting drug has been under extensive debate due to the lack of consistency of its described effects. In this study, we conduct a systematic and comprehensive review of the literature on the chronobiotic, sleep-inducing, and overall sleep-promoting properties of exo-MEL. To this aim, we first describe the possible pharmacological mechanisms involved in the sleep-promoting properties and then report the corresponding effects of exo-MEL administration on clinical outcomes in: a) healthy subjects, b) circadian rhythm sleep disorders, c) primary insomnia. Timing of administration and doses of exo-MEL received particular attention in this work. The exo-MEL pharmacological effects are hereby interpreted in view of changes in the physiological properties and rhythmicity of endogenous melatonin. Finally, we discuss some translational implications for the personalized use of exo-MEL in the clinical practice.
Determination of Quality of Green Chili Sauce Served by Street Food
Venders (SFVs) in Delhi (India)
Authors: Suri Sukhneet , Jain Arushi , Lohia Meenaxi 
Published: February 2022

Background:
India is enriched with local culture and street food vending practices.
Street food joints (SFJs) cater to the demands of the economic and on-the-go needs of the consumers.
In view of its increasing popularity, the quality and safety aspects of street foods need
continuous evaluation.

Objectives:
There are few studies in our country focusing on the quality determination of sauces
being served as an accompaniment to street foods by local vendors. Therefore, this study was
undertaken to assess the quality of commonly served green chili sauce.

Methods:
A total of 100 samples in duplicate of green chili sauce were collected from street food
joints in five geographical zones of Delhi. The pH, titratable acidity, and total soluble solids
(TSS) content on a salt-free basis were assessed for all samples using standardized estimation
techniques given by the national regulator (Food Safety and Standards Authority of India-
FSSAI).

Results:
The pH of the samples was in the range of 3.1-5.1. The average titratable acidity expressed
as acetic acid was 0.67± 0.25 %, which is below the limit of 1% given by FSSAI. The
average TSS content (salt-free basis) was found to be 6.23 ± 3.75 %, which is well below the
regulatory limit of 8%. Only 25% of samples conformed to the national regulatory limits for all
parameters.

Conclusion:
Stringent surveillance system which lays emphasis on the training of microentrepreneurs
needs to be framed to ensure regulatory compliance amongst small-scale manufacturers
of street foods such as green chili sauce.
Role of Plant-Derived Products Through Exhilarating Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ (ppar-γ) in the Amelioration of Obesity Induced Insulin Resistance
Authors: Choudhary Manjusha , Singh Devender , Sharma Sachin , Kaur Prabhjeet , Budhwar Vikas 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:Insulin resistance is an elemental facet of the etiology of diabetes mellitus and the principal relating factor between obesity and diabetes. Oxidative stress, lipotoxicity, inflammation and receptor dysfunction are the underlying determinants of insulin resistance commencement in metabolic illnesses. ppar-γ is a nuclear transcription factor whose activation or inhibition directly influences insulin resistance and controls glucose and lipid homeostasis by modulating gene expression. Synthetic ligands of ppar-γ are therapeutically employed to counter the hyper-glycaemia associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes, but they possess severe side effects. In the modern era, bioactive phytochemicals have been employed in the drug development process and a considerable investigation has recently been initiated to analyze the ppar-γ activating ability of diverse phytochemicals. In this review, we outlined the role of phytochemicals in insulin resistance treatment through ppar-γ activation.
Educação, Ensino Remoto Emergencial e Tecnologias
Authors: Nonato Emanuel do Rosário Santos , Contreras-Espinosa Ruth Sofia 
Published: February 2022

A emergência das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação e sua inserção em praticamente todas as dimensões da vida humana, notadamente em sua expressão mais atual no formato de tecnologias digitais conectadas e em rede, colocaram um desafio à Educação que está no centro do campo de estudos Educação e Tecnologias há cerca de trinta anos: como melhor articular as tecnologias e os processos educativos de modo a otimizá -los – tecnologias a serviço da Educação – e a preparar os educandos para um mundo crescentemente digital e conectado – Educação a serviço do melhor uso das tecnologias – nesta quadra histórica? Uma grande comunidade científica formouse em torno do binômio Educação e Tecnologias e produziu um aparato teórico robusto. Todavia, no Brasil, não obstante a qualidade dos pesquisadores e das pesquisas produzidas, não houve uma plena apropriação dessa produção científica pelos profissionais da Educação – sejam eles docentes stricto sensu ou gestores – das redes escolares públicas e privadas, da Educação Básica e da Educação Superior – o chão da escola – que preparasse as instituições educacionais para o que estava por vir. Assim, as abruptas restrições às práticas educativas presenciais em março de 2020 em virtude da crise sanitária global provocada pela pandemia da COVID-19 surpreenderam as instituições educacionais no sentido de encontrá-las, em sua grande maioria, despreparadas para a utilização massiva de práticas pedagógicas não presenciais, seja do ponto de vista da infraestrutura tecnológica necessária – hardware, software e conectividade –, seja do ponto de vista da formação e da experiência necessárias. Este dossiê temático "Educação, Ensino Remoto Emergencial e Tecnologias" da Revista da FAEEBA - Educação e Contemporaneidade apresenta artigos que abordam esse grande desafio sob diversos ângulos na investigação científica em Educação e Tecnologias.
Literatura digital infantil
Authors: Vilela Rafaela , Corsino Patrícia 
Published: February 2022

O artigo apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa de doutorado e tem como objetivos divulgar a produção de literatura infantil digital no Brasil e discutir esse novo modo de fazer e de ler literatura. Para isso foram realizadas: i) pesquisas em sites de editoras, livrarias virtuais e na categoria ‘infantil digital’ do Prêmio Jabuti (2015-2017) e ii) análises de três aplicativos literários: “Pequenos grandes contos de verdade”, “Quanto bumbum!” e “Mãos mágicas” em diálogo com ações propositivas de leitura realizadas com um grupo de crianças de 5 e 6 anos de uma escola pública federal do Rio de Janeiro. Apesar do pouco espaço no mercado editorial brasileiro, a pesquisa evidenciou a literatura infantil digital como uma produção artística potente, cujo o acesso coletivo planejado foi capaz de amplificar as ações de leitura na escola e de contribuir para a formação literária de crianças e professores.