bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence of peri‐implant mucositis and peri‐implantitis in patients with a maxillary overdenture: A sub‐analysis of two prospective studies with a 10‐year follow‐up period
Authors: Onclin Pieter , Slot Wim , Vissink Arjan , Raghoebar Gerry M. , Meijer Henny J. A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThough studies on maxillary overdentures show satisfying results on implant survival, patient‐related outcomes and prosthetic complications, the epidemiology of peri‐implant diseases in this specific group of patients has hardly been reported. While the general patient‐level prevalence of peri‐implant mucositis and peri‐implantitis are estimated at ~45% and ~20%, respectively, the risk of developing these diseases within a specific period is less clear. To fully appreciate the epidemiology of peri‐implant diseases, more long‐term data on incidence of peri‐implant diseases are needed.PurposeThe purpose of this sub‐analysis of two prospective studies was to assess the incidence of peri‐implant mucositis and peri‐implantitis in fully edentulous patients with implant‐retained maxillary overdentures during a 10‐year follow‐up period.Materials and MethodsOne hundred and sixteen patients treated with implant‐supported maxillary overdentures were available from two clinical trials. Data on biological complications, clinical and radiographical parameters were collected for 106 patients at 5‐year, for 82 patients at 10‐year follow‐up. The incidence was calculated following the consensus of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri‐Implant Diseases and Conditions. Extent and severity then were calculated to enable an appropriate epidemiological description of peri‐implantitis.ResultsThe patient‐level incidence of peri‐implant mucositis was 37.7% after 5 years and 64.6% after 10 years whereas the patient‐level incidence of peri‐implantitis was 10.4% after 5 years and 19.5% after 10 years. After 10 years, the extent of peri‐implant mucositis and peri‐implantitis is 52.8% and 43.8%, respectively. In terms of severity, 26.5% of all affected implants suffered from >3 mm bone loss and 17.6% of all affected implants was lost.ConclusionThree of five fully edentulous patients with implant‐supported maxillary overdentures experience peri‐implant mucositis after 10 years. Peri‐implantitis occurs in one of five patients after 10 years. In spite of these incidence rates, implant survival remains high.
Influence of different zirconia surface treatments on biofilm formation in vitro and in situ
Authors: Jaeggi Marco , Gyr Sharon , Astasov‐Frauenhoffer Monika , Zitzmann Nicola U. , Fischer Jens , Rohr Nadja 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo determine whether the surface treatment of zirconia affects biofilm formation in an in vitro three‐species biofilm model and in situ.Material and methodsZirconia surfaces considered for the transmucosal portion of a zirconia implant were compared with polished pure titanium grade 4 (Tp). Disks 13 mm in diameter of either polished (Zp), polished and heat‐treated (Zpt), machined (Zm), machined and heat‐treated (Zmt) and sandblasted, etched and heat‐treated (Z14) zirconia were fabricated. Surface roughness and wettability of specimens was measured. Biofilm formation was evaluated by safranin staining and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) using a three‐species model, and intraorally with 16 volunteers carrying oral splints in two independent experiments. Relative biofilm formation was compared with Kruskal–Wallis followed by Bonferroni post hoc test (α = 0.05).ResultsIn vitro biofilm formation with optical density values on Zp (0.14 ± 0.01), Zpt (0.14 ± 0.02), Zm (0.13 ± 0.01) and Zmt (0.13 ± 0.01) was significantly lower than on Tp (0.21 ± 0.05) and Z14 (0.20 ± 0.04) (p < .05). In situ biofilm formation was significantly higher on Z14 (0.56 ± 0.45) (p < .05), while no significant differences in optical density were observed among Zp (0.25 ± 0.20), Zm (0.36 ± 0.34) and Tp (0.28 ± 0.22). SEM analysis supported quantitative findings.ConclusionsIn the in vitro, three‐species biofilm model differences in material and surface roughness affected biofilm formation. In situ biofilm formation was mainly affected by the surface roughness of the specimens. Polishing of zirconia is recommended to reduce biofilm formation, while heat treatment has no significant effect.
Obesity augments the disease burden in COVID‐19: Updated data from an umbrella review
Authors: Kristensen Nickolai M. , Gribsholt Sigrid B. , Andersen Anton L. , Richelsen Bjørn , Bruun Jens M. 
Published: February 2022

SummaryThe ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic calls for identification of risk factors, which may help to identify people at enhanced risk for severe disease outcomes to improve treatment and, if possible, establish prophylactic measures. This study aimed to determine whether individuals with obesity compared to individuals with normal weight have an increased risk for severe COVID‐19. We conducted a systematic literature search of PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library and critically reviewed the secondary literature using AMSTAR‐2. We explored 27 studies. Findings indicate that individuals with obesity (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2), as compared to individuals without obesity, experience an increased risk for hospitalization (odds ratio [OR]: 1.40–2.45), admission to the intensive care unit (OR: 1.30–2.32), invasive mechanical ventilation (OR: 1.47–2.63), and the composite outcome ‘severe outcome’ (OR or risk ratio: 1.62–4.31). We found diverging results concerning death to COVID‐19, but data trended towards increased mortality. Comparing individuals with obesity to individuals without obesity, findings suggested younger individuals (<60 years) experience a higher risk of severe disease compared to older individuals (≥60 years). Obesity augments the severity of COVID‐19 including a tendency to increased mortality and, thus, contributes to an increased disease burden, especially among younger individuals.
Effects of elagolix on the pharmacokinetics of omeprazole and its metabolites in healthy premenopausal women
Authors: Nader Ahmed , Mostafa Nael M. , Kim Elaine , Shebley Mohamad 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study evaluated the effect of repeated doses of elagolix on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of omeprazole and its metabolites in healthy premenopausal female subjects. Adult premenopausal female subjects (N = 20) received a single oral dose of omeprazole (40 mg) on day 1 and day 11 and oral doses of elagolix (300 mg) twice‐daily on days 3–11. Serial blood samples for assay of omeprazole and its metabolites were collected for 24 h after dosing on days 1 and 11. PK parameters were calculated for omeprazole, 5‐hydroxyomeprazole and omeprazole sulfone; and were compared between day 1 and day 11. Pharmacogenetic testing was performed for CYP2C19 variant alleles and the results were used to compare the magnitude of elagolix–omeprazole drug–drug interaction (DDI) between the different genotype subgroups. Administration of elagolix 300 mg twice‐daily for 9 days increased omeprazole exposure by 1.8‐fold and decreased the metabolite‐to‐parent ratio for 5‐hydroxyomeprazole by ~60%. Conversely, there was an increase in the metabolite‐to‐parent ratio for omeprazole sulfone by 25%. Elagolix increased omeprazole exposures by 2‐ to 2.5‐fold in CYP2C19 extensive (EM) and intermediate (IM) metabolizer subjects, but decreased omeprazole exposures by 40% in poor metabolizer subjects. Exposures of 5‐hydroxyomeprazole decreased by 20%–30% in all genotype subgroups, and omeprazole sulfone exposures increased by ~3‐fold in EM and IM subjects. Elagolix is a weak inhibitor of CYP2C19 and exposure of CYP2C19 substrates may be increased upon coadministration with elagolix. Omeprazole may exhibit drug interactions due to multiple mechanisms other than CYP2C19‐mediated metabolism; complicating the interpretation of results from omeprazole DDI studies.
Long‐term seizure and psychiatric outcomes following laser ablation of mesial temporal structures
Authors: Kanner Andres M. , Irving Le Treice , Cajigas Iahn , Saporta Anita , Cordeiro Joacir Graciolli , Ribot Ramses , Velez‐Ruiz Naymee , Detyniecki Kamil , Melo‐Bicchi Manuel , Rey Gustavo , Palomeque Maru , King‐Aponte Tricia , Theodotou Christian , Ivan Michael E. , Jagid Jonathan R. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectivePostsurgical seizure outcome following laser interstitial thermal therapy (LiTT) for the management of drug‐resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) has been limited to 2 years. Furthermore, its impact on presurgical mood and anxiety disorders has not been investigated. The objectives of this study were (1) to identify seizure outcome changes over a period ranging from 18 to 81 months; (2) to investigate the seizure‐free rate in the last follow‐up year; (3) to identify the variables associated with seizure freedom; and (4) to identify the impact of LiTT on presurgical mood and anxiety disorders.MethodsMedical records of all patients who underwent LiTT for MTLE from 2013 to 2019 at the University of Miami Comprehensive Epilepsy Center were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic, epilepsy‐related, cognitive, psychiatric, and LiTT‐related data were compared between seizure‐free (Engel Class I) and non‐seizure‐free (Engel Class II + III + IV) patients. Statistical analyses included univariate and multivariate stepwise logistic regression analyses.ResultsForty‐eight patients (mean age = 43 ± 14.2 years, range = 21–78) were followed for a mean period of 50 ± 20.7 months (range = 18–81); 29 (60.4%) achieved an Engel Class I outcome, whereas 11 (22.9%) had one to three seizures/year. Seizure‐freedom rate decreased from 77.8% to 50% among patients with 24‐ and >61‐month follow‐up periods, respectively. In the last follow‐up year, 83% of all patients were seizure‐free. Seizure freedom was associated with having mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS), no presurgical focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures, and no psychopathology in the last follow‐up year. Presurgical mood and/or anxiety disorder were identified in 30 patients (62.5%) and remitted after LiTT in 19 (62%).SignificanceLiTT appears to be a safe and effective surgical option for treatment‐resistant MTLE, particularly among patients with MTS. Remission of presurgical mood and anxiety disorders can also result from LiTT.
Vessel‐wall MRI in primary headaches: The role of neurogenic inflammation
Authors: Merli Elena , Rustici Arianna , Gramegna Laura Ludovica , Di Donato Marco , Agati Raffaele , Tonon Caterina , Lodi Raffaele , Favoni Valentina , Pierangeli Giulia , Cortelli Pietro , Cevoli Sabina , Cirillo Luigi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate if vessel‐wall magnetic resonance imaging (VW‐MRI) could differentiate among primary headaches disorders, such as migraine and cluster headache (CH), and detect the presence of neurogenic inflammation.BackgroundThe pathophysiology of primary headaches disorders is complex and not completely clarified. The activation of nociceptive trigeminal afferents through the release of vasoactive neuropeptides, termed “neurogenic inflammation,” has been hypothesized. VW‐MRI can identify vessel wall changes, reflecting the inflammatory remodeling of the vessel walls despite different etiologies.MethodsIn this case series, we enrolled seven patients with migraine and eight patients with CH. They underwent a VW‐MRI study before and after the intravenous administration of contrast medium, during and outside a migraine attack or cluster period. Two expert neuroradiologists analyzed the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies to identify the presence of vessel wall enhancement or other vascular abnormalities.ResultsFourteen out of 15 patients had no enhancement. One out of 15, with migraine, showed a focal parietal enhancement in the intracranial portion of a vertebral artery, unmodified during and outside the attack, thus attributable to atherosclerosis. No contrast enhancement attributable to neurogenic inflammation was observed in VW‐MRI, both during and outside the attack/cluster in all patients. Moreover, MRI angiography registered slight diffuse vasoconstriction in one of seven patients with migraine during the attack and in one of eight patients with cluster headache during the cluster period; both patients had taken triptans as symptomatic therapy for pain.ConclusionsThese preliminary results suggest that VW‐MRI studies are negative in patients with primary headache disorders even during migraine attacks or cluster periods. The VW‐MRI studies did not detect signs of neurogenic inflammation in the intracranial intradural vessels of patients with migraine or CH.
Erenumab dosage for migraine prevention: An evidence‐based narrative review with recommendations
Authors: Tepper Stewart J. , Sheikh Huma U. , Dougherty Carrie O. , Nahas Stephanie J. , Winner Paul K. , Karanam Ananda Krishna , Blumenfeld Andrew M. , Abdrabboh Ahmad , Rasmussen Soeren , Weiss Jamie L. , Ailani Jessica 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundTherapeutic monoclonal antibodies against the calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) receptor or its ligand have changed the landscape of treatment options for migraine. Erenumab is the first and only fully human monoclonal antibody designed to target and block the CGRP receptor. It is approved by the Food and Drug Administration for preventive treatment of migraine in adults. The recommended dose of erenumab is 70 mg monthly, with guidance that some patients may benefit from the 140 mg monthly dose. There is a need for information to guide clinical practice on the comparative efficacy and safety of these two dosing options.ObjectiveTo evaluate therapeutic and tolerability differences between erenumab 70 and 140 mg based on evidence from published literature.MethodsThis narrative review evaluates therapeutic and tolerability differences between erenumab 70 and 140 mg based on a literature search using PubMed interface, Embase and Ovid MEDLINE(R) databases. The key search terms included migraine, AMG 334, AMG334, erenumab, erenumab‐aooe, and Aimovig. The search was limited to English language articles or conference abstracts published up to May 2021.ResultsFrom the literature search, we retrieved 23 relevant articles/conference abstracts (19 articles [5 randomized, double‐blind studies] and 4 conference abstracts) for inclusion in this narrative review. Although the recommended starting dosage of erenumab is 70 mg, this narrative review of the literature indicates that some patients may benefit from a dosage of 140 mg erenumab once monthly—especially those with difficult‐to‐treat disease and prior treatment failures. The evidence indicates that erenumab at 140 mg has a numerically better efficacy than 70 mg across a broad spectrum of migraine outcomes, including preventing progression to chronic migraine.ConclusionCumulative data from the literature support a therapeutic gain with an increase from erenumab 70 to 140 mg and a rationale for initiating 140 mg in selected patients.
High entropy oxide nanofiber by electrospun method and its application for lithium battery anode material
Authors: Su Jingyao , Cao Zhenzhu , Jiang Zhipeng , Chen Guohua , Zhu Yuxuan , Wang Liying , Li Guorong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMg0.2Co0.2Ni0.2Cu0.2Zn0.2O high entropy oxide (HEO) with outstanding cycling stability and high capacity retention indicates it is a promising anode material for rechargeable lithium‐ion batteries. Rock salt HEO nanofiber has been prepared by electrospinning method. Polyacrylonitrile polymer facilitates the formation of nanowire morphology. The effect of calcination temperature on the phase composition and microstructure evolutions has been investigated. Pure rock salt phase can be obtained after firing at 850°C for 2 min. Calcination at higher temperature than 850°C will break the fiber into short segments and lead to the growth of grain. A reversible capacity of 365 mAh g−1 was achieved after 300 cycles at .2 A·g−1.
A review on the porous geopolymer preparation for structural and functional materials applications
Authors: Yu Haoyang , Xu Meng‐xue , Chen Chaoni , He Yan , Cui Xue‐min 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGeopolymer (also called inorganic polymers) is a kind of amorphous gel material with a 3D structure consisting of SiO4 and AlO4 tetrahedra. It has drawn international attention due to its environmental friendliness and excellent performance. This review covers raw materials, preparation methods, and applications of porous geopolymer materials with micropore, mesopore, or macropore. The preparation methods can be divided into five categories: (i) self‐forming method, (ii) direct foaming method, (iii) adding filler method, (iv) particles stacking method, and (v) other methods. In this paper, different raw materials and applications were combined with the preparation methods, and some general conclusions of porous geopolymer were summarized. The applications of porous geopolymer materials in building materials, adsorbents, porous ceramics, membrane separation, catalyst, pH regulator, and other fields were introduced as well.
Relative timing of respiratory syncytial virus epidemics in summer 2021 across the United States was similar to a typical winter season
Authors: Zheng Zhe , Warren Joshua L. , Artin Iris , Pitzer Virginia E. , Weinberger Daniel M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe used a validated proxy of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) activity in the United States (Google search data) to evaluate the onsets of RSV epidemics in 2021 and 2016–2019. Despite the unusual out‐of‐season summer timing, the relative timing of RSV epidemics between states in 2021 shared a similar spatial pattern with typical winter RSV seasons. Our results suggest that the onset of RSV epidemics in Florida can serve as a baseline to adjust the initiation of prophylaxis administration and clinical trials in other states regardless of the seasonality of RSV epidemics.
Efficacy of an alcohol-based surface disinfectant formulation against human norovirus
Authors: Escudero-Abarca Blanca I. , Goulter Rebecca M. , Bradshaw Justin , Faircloth Jeremy , Leslie Rachel A. , Manuel Clyde S. , Arbogast James W. , Jaykus Lee-Ann 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Aim
To evaluate the anti-noroviral efficacy of PURELL® surface sanitizer and disinfectant spray (PSS, an alcohol-based formulation) using human norovirus GII.4 Sydney [hNoV, by RT-qPCR and human intestinal enteroid (HIE) infectivity assay] and its cultivable surrogate, Tulane virus (TuV, infectivity assay), compared to sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solutions.

Methods and Results
PSS efficacy was evaluated in suspension and on surfaces [stainless steel (SS)] using ASTM methods. Results were expressed as log10 reduction (LR) of genome equivalent copy number (GEC, for hNoV, assayed by RT-qPCR) and plaque forming units (PFU, for TuV, per infectivity assay). In suspension, PSS achieved a 2.9 ± 0.04 LR hNoV GEC irrespective of contact time (30 or 60 s) and soil load (2.5% or 5%). Under all treatment conditions, infectious TuV could not be recovered following exposure to PSS, corresponding to the assay limit of detection (3.1–5.2 log10 PFU). Infectious hNoV could not be detected in the HIE model after exposure to PSS. On SS and 2.5% soil, PSS produced a 3.1 ± 0.1 LR hNoV GEC, comparable to 500 ppm NaOCl for 60 s. With 5.0% soil, PSS produced a 2.5 ± 0.2 LR hNoV GEC, which was similar to 1000–5000 ppm NaOCl for 60 s.

Conclusions
PSS showed high anti-hNoV efficacy by RT-qPCR and in in vitro (TuV) and ex vivo (HIE) infectivity assays and performed similar to 1000–5000 ppm NaOCl for a 60-s contact time on SS with added soil.

Significance and Impact of Study
hNoV remains a significant cause of morbidity globally, partly due to its resistance to numerous surface disinfectants. RT-qPCR results from this study indicate PSS efficacy against hNoV is comparable to NaOCl efficacy. Infectivity assays leveraging TuV and the HIE model for hNoV support and confirm loss of virus infectivity. Collectively, these results indicate the product’s ability to inactivate hNoV quickly, which could be beneficial in settings having elevated risk for hNoV transmission.
Bacillus subtilisimpact on plant growth, soil health and environment: Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde
Authors: Mahapatra Subhasmita , Yadav Radheshyam , Ramakrishna Wusirika 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe increased dependence of farmers on chemical fertilizers poses a risk to soil fertility and ecosystem stability. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are at the forefront of sustainable agriculture, providing multiple benefits for the enhancement of crop production and soil health. Bacillus subtilis is a common PGPR in soil that plays a key role in conferring biotic and abiotic stress tolerance to plants by induced systemic resistance (ISR), biofilm formation and lipopeptide production. As a part of bioremediating technologies, Bacillus spp. can purify metal contaminated soil. It acts as a potent denitrifying agent in agroecosystems while improving the carbon sequestration process when applied in a regulated concentration. Although it harbours several antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), it can reduce the horizontal transfer of ARGs during manure composting by modifying the genetic makeup of existing microbiota. In some instances, it affects the beneficial microbes of the rhizosphere. External inoculation of B. subtilis has both positive and negative impacts on the endophytic and semi-synthetic microbial community. Soil texture, type, pH and bacterial concentration play a crucial role in the regulation of all these processes. Soil amendments and microbial consortia of Bacillus produced by microbial engineering could be used to lessen the negative effect on soil microbial diversity. The complex plant–microbe interactions could be decoded using transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and epigenomics strategies which would be beneficial for both crop productivity and the well-being of soil microbiota. Bacillus subtilis has more positive attributes similar to the character of Dr. Jekyll and some negative attributes on plant growth, soil health and the environment akin to the character of Mr. Hyde.
Genomic characterization of high-risk Escherichia coli and Enterobacter hormaechei clones recovered from a single tertiary-care hospital in Pakistan
Authors: Mohsin Mashkoor , Hassan Brekhna , Khan Ali Usman , Ali Arslan , Swedberg Göte , Hasan Badrul 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Aims
Spread of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales have become a global problem. We characterized extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales from urinary tract infections cases from Allied Hospital Faisalabad, Pakistan.

Methods and Results
Eleven (22%, 11/50) ESBL-producing Enterobacterales (Escherichia coli; n = 10 and Enterobacter hormaechei; n = 1) were recovered and processed through VITEK-2, PCR, rep-PCR followed by whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of ESBL-producing Ent. hormaechei and carbapenem-resistant E. coli isolates. Plasmid transferability of blaNDM-1-producers was assayed by conjugation experiments. All ESBL strains carried the blaCTX-M-15 gene. Of these blaCTX-M-15 producing E. coli, four also carried blaNDM-1 located on transferable plasmids. All E. coli strains belonged to ST448 and displayed similar genetic features including genes for antimicrobial resistance, heavy metal, biocides and virulence. Genomic features of a multidrug-resistant (MDR) Ent. hormaechei were also reported for the first time in Pakistan.

Conclusion
Our findings indicate that blaNDM-1 producing E. coli ST448 is a multidrug, heavy metals and biocides-resistant strain. Therefore, the screening of these isolates may be effective in limiting the MDR bacteria spread in hospitalized patients and within the community.

Significance and Impact of this Study
Spread of multi-drug-resistant ESBL-producing bacteria in the clinical settings of Pakistan is a serious challenge and further limiting treatment options in the country. WGS could be used as a tool in the nationwide antibiotic surveillance programme to explore insights of spread and outbreak.