bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiotherapy in combination with CD47 blockade elicits a macrophage-mediated abscopal effect
Authors: Nishiga Yoko , Drainas Alexandros P. , Baron Maya , Bhattacharya Debadrita , Barkal Amira A. , Ahrari Yasaman , Mancusi Rebecca , Ross Jason B. , Takahashi Nobuyuki , Thomas Anish , Diehn Maximilian , Weissman Irving L. , Graves Edward E. , Sage Julien 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRadiation therapy is a mainstay of cancer treatment but does not always lead to complete tumor regression. Here we combine radiotherapy with blockade of the ‘don’t-eat-me’ cell-surface molecule CD47 in small cell lung cancer (SCLC), a highly metastatic form of lung cancer. CD47 blockade potently enhances the local antitumor effects of radiotherapy in preclinical models of SCLC. Notably, CD47 blockade also stimulates off-target ‘abscopal’ effects inhibiting non-irradiated SCLC tumors in mice receiving radiation. These abscopal effects are independent of T cells but require macrophages that migrate into non-irradiated tumor sites in response to inflammatory signals produced by radiation and are locally activated by CD47 blockade to phagocytose cancer cells. Similar abscopal antitumor effects were observed in other cancer models treated with radiation and CD47 blockade. The systemic activation of antitumor macrophages following radiotherapy and CD47 blockade may be particularly important in patients with cancer who suffer from metastatic disease.
Root uptake dominates mercury accumulation in permafrost plants of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors: Wang Xun , Yuan Wei , Lin Che-Jen , Wang Dingyong , Luo Ji , Xia Jicheng , Zhang Wei , Wang Feiyue , Feng Xinbin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUptake of atmospheric elemental mercury via foliage is thought to be the dominant pathway of mercury accumulation in terrestrial ecosystems, including those in the Arctic permafrost regions. Whether a similar process operates in alpine permafrost regions remains unknown. Here we report mercury concentrations and stable isotopic signatures in a large cluster alpine permafrost regions of mid-latitude Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. We find a transition from foliage to root uptake of mercury as elevation increases. In alpine permafrost regions, we find that root uptake of mercury from the surrounding soil is the dominant accumulation pathway. We estimate that root uptake accounts for 70 ± 19% of plant mercury in permafrost regions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and propose that this may be related to the harsh climate conditions suppressing foliage growth and promoting lateral root growth.
A decline in atmospheric CO2 levels under negative emissions may enhance carbon retention in the terrestrial biosphere
Authors: Park So-Won , Kug Jong-Seong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNegative emissions are a key mitigation measure in emission scenarios consistent with Paris agreement targets. The terrestrial biosphere is a carbon sink that regulates atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration and climate, but its role under negative emissions is highly uncertain. Here, we investigate the reversibility of the terrestrial carbon cycle to idealized CO2 ramp-up and ramp-down forcing using an ensemble of CMIP6 Earth system models. We find a strong lag in the response of the terrestrial carbon cycle to CO2 forcing. The terrestrial biosphere retains more carbon after CO2 removal starts, even at equivalent CO2 levels. This lagged response is greatest at high latitudes due to long carbon residence time and enhanced vegetation productivity. However, in the pan-Arctic region, terrestrial carbon dynamics under negative emissions are highly dependent on permafrost processes. We suggest that irreversible carbon emissions may occur in permafrost even after achieving net-zero emissions, which offsets ~30% of enhanced land C retention and could hinder climate mitigation.
Vocabulary Outcomes With Third Graders in a Teacher and Speech-Language Pathologist Collaboration
Authors: Mitchell Mary P. , Ehren Barbara J. , Towson Jacqueline A. 
Published: November 2022

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a vocabulary intervention delivered by teachers collaborating with speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in the classroom as compared with teachers in a noncollaborating condition.

Method:

This quasi-experimental study employed a collaboration treatment condition (
n
= 2 collaborative pairs,
n
= 34 students) and a comparison condition (
n
= 2 noncollaborating teachers,
n
= 34 students). In both conditions, versions of the Vocabulary Scenario Technique were implemented. Third-grade students completed vocabulary assessments for three vocabulary tasks. Results on each of the measures were analyzed using a two-factor split-plot analysis of variance.

Results:

A significant interaction effect on the Words-in-Context (WIC) task, with a medium effect size (
f
= .28), supported the value-added impact of having the SLP collaborate directly with the teacher in implementing the approach. Gains on the Synonyms and Non-Example measures were not significantly different between the conditions, but large effects were found for all three tasks within the collaboration condition, whereas gains in the comparison condition showed large effects for the Synonyms task only and medium effects for the WIC and Non-Example tasks.

Conclusions:
SLPs' contributions within their collaborations were associated with gains that were larger than those made by students in classrooms where teachers did not collaborate with SLPs on a vocabulary task requiring application of word meanings in sentences. Clinical implications and areas for future research are discussed.
On the third relative greedy weight of 4‐dimensional codes
Authors: Wei Yao , Liu Zihui 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMotivated by the concepts of the relative generalized Hamming weight and the greedy weight, the relative greedy weight is introduced, and then it is shown that the codes achieving the upper bounds on the relative greedy weight are optimal on the security of the transmitted data symbols in the wire‐tap channel. Based on such applications, the finite geometry method is generalized, and by using the generalized finite geometry method, certain upper bounds on the third relative greedy weight of 4‐dimensional codes with respect to 1‐dimensional subcodes are first determined, and then optimal codes are constructed with respect to these obtained upper bounds.
Preparation of a novel cross‐linked polyetherimide with enhanced breakdown strength and high‐temperature energy storage performance
Authors: Duan Guangyu , Hu Fengying , Zhang Ruina , Hu Zuming 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPolymer dielectrics with excellent energy storage performance at high temperature are urgently needed in advanced applications, such as hybrid electric vehicles, smart grid and pulsed power sources. Polyetherimide (PEI), which is supposed to be the most promising candidate among polymer dielectric materials, displays a limitation for high‐temperature polymer dielectrics owing to the rapidly decreasing discharged energy density (Ud) and charge‐discharge efficiency (η). Herein, a novel PEI with cross‐linked networks was firstly prepared by utilising 2,4,6‐Triaminopyrimidine (TAP) as a cross‐linker. The results showed that the breakdown strength of the cross‐linked PEI (c‐PEI) with 2 wt% TAP increased to 399.4 MV/m, showing an increment of 23.3% in comparison with non‐cross‐linked PEI. Additionally, owing to the restrained polarisation loss and relaxation loss by cross‐linked networks, the dielectric loss of c‐PEI dielectric gradually decreased with the increasing content of TAP. Of particular significance was the c‐PEI dielectrics exhibiting improved Ud and η at high temperature. The maximum Ud of c‐PEI with 2 wt% TAP was 2.53 J/cm3 at 150°C, which was 24.8% higher than non‐cross‐linked PEI (2.11 J/cm3 at 150°C). This research provides an innovative strategy to achieve novel PEI dielectrics with improved Ud and η at high temperature.
Bi‐level deep mutual learning assisted multi‐task network for occluded person re‐identification
Authors: Wang Yi , Wang Liangbo , Zhou Yu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAn occluded person re‐identification (ReID) approach is presented by constructing a Bi‐level deep Mutual learning assisted Multi‐task network (BMM), where the holistic and occluded person ReID tasks are treated as two related but not identical tasks. This is inspired by the human perception characteristic that there exist both similarities and differences when human views a holistic image and the occluded one. Specifically, a multi‐task network with two branches is designed, where the convolutional neural network based feature representation part shares the weights by two tasks for commonality extraction, while the following output layers have respective weights for difference representation. Furthermore, as the non‐occluded regions convey discriminative information, a bi‐level mutual learning strategy is proposed and applied mutually on two branches to obtain more effective information from the non‐occluded regions in the occluded images for better identity recognition. This is achieved by both feature‐level and output‐level mutual loss functions. Extensive experiments prove the advantages of the BMM for person ReID.
Parametric design method of building structured cabling system oriented to data mining
Authors: Wang Bing , Yue Wei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWith the rapid development of the construction industry, structured cabling systems (SCSs) have been widely used in the construction industry. However, the design of structured cabling projects is basically done by hand by designers, it then draws using general‐purpose drawing software such as Autocomputer‐aided design, and this traditional design method can no longer cope with the rapid development of SCS construction technology. Data mining techniques can filter and extract useful information from large amounts of data and create an intelligent analysis system, it draws valuable conclusions. Among them, parametric design is widely used in the field of construction. In order to promote the development of building structured cabling industry, this paper will use data mining technology to study the parametric design method of SCS. This paper puts forward the method of secondary development and design software through the research of building SCS, and uses data mining technology to carry out parametric design of building SCS. Then, the feasibility of the design is tested by comparing the data of the traditional design and the parametric design. Experimental data show that the use of parametric design system for building construction drawing design can shorten the time to 0.29 times the original, greatly reducing the design time and improving work efficiency.
Evolution of smart grids towards the Internet of energy: Concept and essential components for deep decarbonisation
Authors: Ghiasi Mohammad , Wang Zhanle , Mehrandezh Mehran , Jalilian Shayan , Ghadimi Noradin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo achieve low‐carbon sustainable energy development, new technologies such as Internet of Energy (IoE), intelligent systems and Internet of Things (IoT) as well as distributed energy generations via smart grids (SG) are gaining attention. The interoperability between intelligent energy systems, realised through the web, enables automatic consumption optimisation and increases network efficiency and intelligent management. IoE is an intriguing topic in close connection with the IoT, communication systems, SG and electrical mobility that contributes to energy efficiency to achieve zero‐carbon technologies and green environments. Furthermore, nowadays, the widespread growth and utilisation of processors for mining digital currency in homes and small warehouses are some other factors to be considered in terms of electric energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission. However, research on the use of the Internet for evaluating the misallocation of energy and the effect it can have on CO2 emissions is often neglected. In this study, the authors present a detailed overview regarding the evolution of SG in conjunction with the employment of IoE systems as well as the essential components of IoE for decarbonisation. Also, mathematical models with simulation are provided to evaluate the role of IoE in reducing CO2 emission.
Smart automatic synchronization system based on coherence algorithm for power grids
Authors: Mahmoud Ragab Abd Allah 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAn automatic synchronizing system is useful to reconnect two separated segments of a power system. This article describes a smart synchronizer based on coherence indices computed for voltage and current waves to value the synchronization level during normal operating conditions. The coherence index is a measure of the similarity degree between two time‐series waves taken from the two subsystems. Thus, it can be used to detect any system disturbance, and to identify the synchronous operation. To investigate the technique performance, a power system with real parameters' data is simulated on Alternative Transient Program (ATP) platform, and the algorithm procedure is implemented in MATLAB software. The simulation results indicate the possibility of the method application practically, and it can operate online and automatically for various networks. Besides, it can select only one coherence setting for the synchronization assessment, and alter the setting according to the prevailed conditions of the networks. In addition, it is considered an integrated scheme which combines both synchronizing and protection functions. Moreover, it offers a new design of relay operating characteristics to differentiate between the synchronization and non‐synchronization operation. Consequently, the synchronizer transmits a closing command to the intended CB, yet stays idle under contingency events.
Standing Flexion Test: A Manual Diagnostic Test as First Indication
of Sacroiliac Dysfunction – Study from Practice
Authors: Loudovici-Krug Dana , Lemhöfer Christina , Best Norman 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background The standing flexion test (SFT) is an orienting test,
supporting to diagnose a sacroiliac joint dysfunction (SIJ-D) in manual
medicine. However, the literature research for this term shows the paucity of
according investigations. The aim is to investigate the importance of the SFT
with regard to possible functional disorder of the SIJ.
Method Teachers of the Medical Association for Manual Medicine
(physiotherapists and physicians) were asked to fill in a documentation sheet
considering different exsmination procedures belonging to routine manual
medicine anamnestic findings. The only inclusion criterion was the positive SFT.
The results are presented descriptive with according percentages.
Results From January to August 2019, a total of 366 SIJ data sheets with
positive SFTs were completed by 20 ÄMM-teachers, involving six
imcomplete ones. 263 of the 360 patients enrolled actually had a SIJ-D
(73.06%).Further relevant results refer to pain oft he SIJ region (205 of 360; 173 with
SIJ-D), the Patrick-Kubis-Test (246 of 360; 201 with SIJ-D), the pelvic tilt
(134 of 360; 134 with SIJ-D), the pelvic torsion (209 of 360; 164 with SIJ-D)
and the increased iliac muscle tone (282 of 360; 216 with SIJ-D).
Discussion After a positive SFT, the Patrick-Kubis-test, the tonus check
of the iliac muscle and the indication of pain in the SIJ-region can be used for
the diagnosis of a SIJ-D. If at least two of the three aspects are conspicuous,
SIJ-D is very likely to be present.
Structure of Neurosurgical Care in Germany in Comparison to Countries Organized in the European Association of Neurosurgical Societies: A Need to Reorganize Neurosurgical Training and Care in Germany
Authors: Ringel Florian , Stoffel Michael , Krieg Sandro M. , Schöller Karsten , Gerlach Rüdiger , Conzen Michael , Schuss Patrick , Kreutzer Jürgen , Beck Jürgen ,   and,   on behalf of Ressort 1 of the Neurosurgical Academy (NCA) of the German Society of Neurosurgery (DGNC) the Berufsverband Deutscher Neurochirurgen (BDNC)
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background Although the world is experiencing a deficit in the neurosurgical workforce, the number of neurosurgeons in Germany has increased within the last two decades. The aim of the present study was to assess the neurosurgical workforce in Germany, compare it to European countries, and assess structures in neurosurgical departments in Germany.
Methods Data regarding the number of neurosurgeons in Germany as well as the number of departments, beds, cases, and neurosurgical procedures were gathered. A survey among German neurosurgical departments was performed to assess the structure of neurosurgical care. Furthermore, another survey among European countries was performed to acquire information regarding the number of surgeons and the regulation of training.
Results From 2000 to 2019, the number of board-certified neurosurgeons in Germany increased by 151% from 973 to 2,446. During the same period, the German population increased by only 1% from 82.26 million to 83.17 million. Thus, the number of neurosurgeons per 100,000 inhabitants increased from 1.18 to 2.94. The increase of neurosurgeons is not paralleled by an increase in departments or an increase in neurosurgical procedures within the active neurosurgical departments. In comparison to the participating European countries, where the number of neurosurgeons per 100,000 inhabitants ranged from 0.45 to 2.94, with Germany shows the highest number.
Conclusions German institutions of medical administration urgently need to consider regulation of neurosurgical specialist training to prevent a further uncontrolled increase in neurosurgeons in a manner that is not adapted to the needs of neurosurgical care for the German population. Actions might include a regulation of entry to the training and of the number of training sites. Furthermore, an integration of non-physician assistant health care professionals and delegation of non-surgical workload from neurosurgeons is necessary. A further increase in neurosurgeons would be associated with a decrease in the surgical caseload per surgeons during training and after board certification, which might compromise the quality of neurosurgical care.
N-Tosyl-1,2,3-triazoles as Scaffolds for Morpholines: The Total Synthesis of (–)-Chelonin A
Authors: Bissember Alex C. , Smith Jason A. , Stewart Scott G. , Gunawan Nina , Nutt Michael J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSubstituted morpholine derivatives appear frequently in biologically active compounds and thus novel routes towards such structures are of great synthetic interest. Herein, we report the total syntheses of chelonin A, a morpholine-derived marine natural product with reported antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity. The key step in this process was a rhodium carbenoid 1,3-insertion into a bromohydrin O–H bond, followed by annulation, leading to a 2,6-disubstituted-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-oxazine core. This work was then extended to deliver the first asymmetric total synthesis of (–)-chelonin A using an enantioenriched bromohydrin, prepared in turn via asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of an α-bromoketone.
Comparison of Outcomes of Scapholunate Ligament Reconstruction Techniques
Authors: Wu Meagan , Ilyas Asif 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction Injury to the scapholunate interosseous ligament (SLIL) is a common cause of carpal instability, yet surgical management of chronic SLIL disruption remains challenging with no optimal technique identified.
Purpose The purpose of this meta-analysis was to comparatively review the available evidence of clinical, radiographic, and patient-reported outcome measures among popular techniques of SLIL reconstruction (capsulodesis, tenodesis, and bone-tissue-bone graft) to better guide management of SLIL injuries.
Methods A total of 1,172 patients from 42 included studies were assessed. Standardized data extraction and analysis were performed. The mean of postoperative outcome assessments with standard deviation was used to calculate pooled standardized mean difference with 95% confidence interval.
Results Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score for postoperative pain was lowest in bone-tissue-bone patients at 0.9 (p = 0.0360). Bone-tissue-bone patients had the highest percentage of “excellent” functional outcomes at 64.5% (p < 0.0001). Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH)/QuickDASH score was best in bone-tissue-bone patients at 9.7 (p < 0.0001). Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE) score was best in tenodesis patients at 37.8 (p = 0.0255). There were no statistically significant differences in grip strength, range of motion, or radiographic outcomes among the techniques.
Conclusion Existing data demonstrate some benefit of bone-tissue-bone reconstruction over capsulodesis and tenodesis in pain reduction and functional improvement of the injured wrist. No statistically significant differences among radiographic outcomes could be ascertained, possibly attributable to the heterogeneity of procedures. This review provides an updated reference and highlights the need for multicenter trials with longer term follow-up and more standardized outcome measures.
The Lateral-W Construct: An Anatomical Variant of the Dorsal Wrist Ligaments
Authors: Fermín Theodorakys Marín , Zampeli Frantzeska , Hagert Elisabet 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background The dorsal intercarpal ligament (DIC) is an elegant dorsal stabilizer of the proximal carpal row, including the scaphoid's proximal pole and scapholunate joint. Along with the dorsal radiocarpal (DRC) ligament, it acts as a dorsal radioscaphoid stabilizer, with dynamism due to its ability to modify its length up to threefold by changing the angles between its V-shaped bundle morphology. The DIC ligament consistently originates from the dorsal tubercle of the triquetrum on the ulnar side. It spans transversely, attaching to the dorsal groove of the scaphoid (97–100%), lunate (75–90%), and proximal rim of the trapezium (12.5–50%), and overlapping the lunotriquetral interosseous ligament and the scapholunate interosseous ligament. Together with the DRC, Viegas et al (Viegas SF, Yamaguchi S, Boyd NL, Patterson RM. The dorsal ligaments of the wrist: anatomy, mechanical properties, and function. J Hand Surg Am 1999;24(3):456–468) proposed that this ligament complex should be called the “lateral-V construct.”
Anatomical Variant The authors present a unique type C variant of the DIC ligament, showing a distinct thick bundle directed at the dorsal aspect of the second metacarpal base that thus creates a “lateral-W construct.” This dorsal triquetro-metacarpal 2 (dTqMC2) ligament acts as restraint to the body of the capitate and will provide enhanced stability of the dorsal midcarpal joint by limiting dorsal translation of the capitate in relation to the lunate.
Clinical Relevance Our finding may contribute to the increasing knowledge of the dorsal ligament complex and its role in dorsal midcarpal instability, as well as surgical repair techniques.
Prevention of Adverse Outcomes and Treatment Side Effects in Patients with Neuromuscular Disorders
Authors: Grover Kavita M. , Sripathi Naganand 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this article, we review prevention of serious adverse clinical outcomes and treatment side effects in patients with neuromuscular disorders including myopathies and myasthenia gravis. While neither of these entities is preventable, their course can often be modified, and severe sequelae may be prevented, with the identification of risk factors and proactive attention toward treatment planning.