bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between Extra-long Interpregnancy Interval and Adverse Perinatal Outcomes in Chinese Women
Authors: Zeng Miss Jinmei , Chen Riling , He Jieyun , Liang Dongmei , Zhao Xinyu , Lian Tingyu , Yin Mingjuan , Ma Xingyu , Luo Xiaowen , Pan Xueyan , Liao Jia , Zhang Lei , Pan Haiyan , Ni Jindong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background Since China implemented the one-child policy in September 1980 to the full opening of the two-child policy in January 2016, the 35 year one-child policy has made many women choose to have a second child after many years, resulting in a group of women with extra-long interpregnancy interval (IPI). Objective To investigate the association between extra-long interpregnancy interval and adverse perinatal outcomes stratified by maternal age at childbearing in the index pregnancy. Methods A retrospective cohort study on women experiencing their second delivery between 2017 and 2018 in a maternal and child health hospital was conducted. Maternal age at delivery was divided into women aged 20–34 years, women aged 35–39 years and women aged 40 and older. Interpregnancy interval (IPI) was defined as the interval between the date of a live birth and the start of the subsequent pregnancy. IPI ≥180 months was defined as extra-long IPI. Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the adverse perinatal outcomes in different IPI groups, and compared with the predicted risks at 24–59, 60–119, 120–179, and 180-month IPI, with the 12–23-month interval serving as a reference. Results After adjusting for age, occupation, marital status, educational level, multiple abortion history (3 times or more), history of spontaneous abortion and history of cesarean section, the rate of gestational diabetes mellitus increased with increasing IPI in all maternity groups, among them IPI 120-179 months (aRRs 1.52, 95% CI 1.10–2.10) and IPI ≥ 180 months (aRRs 1.58, 95% CI 1.06–2.34), but this phenomenon does not exist after stratification by age. With regard to premature rupture of membrane, an increased risk was reported for mothers with IPI of 24–59 months (aRRs 1.44, 95% CI 1.01–2.06), IPI of 60-119 months (aRRs 1.47, 95% CI 1.00–2.15), IPI of 120–179 months (aRRs 1.70, 95% CI 1.12–2.58), and IPI ≥ 180 months (aRRs 2.08, 95% CI 1.27–3.40) in all maternity groups. And an increased risk of premature rupture of membrane was reported for mothers with IPI of 60–119 months (aRRs 1.83, 95% CI 1.13–2.97) and IPI of 120–179 months (aRRs 3.30, 95% CI 1.40–7.74) in women aged 20-34. However, the effects of extra-long IPI on adverse perinatal outcomes did not significantly differ among women aged 35 years or older. Conclusions These results indicate that long IPI (60–179 month) is an independent risk factor for premature rupture of membranes. Extra-long IPI (≥180 months) was not associated with an increase in major morbidity, but extra-long IPI often coexists with advanced age, so we still need to pay attention to the maternal risk factors associated with extra-long IPI.
WITHDRAWN: Utility of MRI with QSM in Motor Neuron Disease
Authors: Warner DO Robin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Introduction: Currently, we use brain MRI quantitative susceptibility mapping analysis (QSM) to examine susceptibility in the motor cortex, correlating with iron deposition, which is typically increased in motor neuron disease. Familial ALS is most commonly due to the C9ORF72 and SOD1 genes. Pathology studies have demonstrated more protein aggregates in the cerebellum and temporal lobes in C9ORF72 ALS, and more protein aggregates in the frontal and temporal lobes in SOD1 ALS. Other means of looking for protein are not established. We designed a study to retrospectively assess the MRI/QSM correlation with motor neuron disease severity, as measured by MRC, FVC, El Escorial criteria and ALSFRS-R. We also looked for regional changes in genetic ALS patients.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of all motor neuron disease patients seen in Neurology at Hospital for Special Surgery from 2013 through 2018 who had MRI with QSM. One neuroradiologist examined the scans and quantified relative susceptibility. We collected values for ALSFRS-R, FVC, El Escorial diagnosis, and sum of MRC, where documented.Results: Although there is a significant difference between patients with Definite ALS by El Escorial criteria (43.8 ppb) and ‘normal,’ QSM failed to correlate with ALSFRS-R, FVC, or sum of MRC. Further, we found no distinguishing abnormalities in the brain MRIs of the genetic ALS patients reviewed. QSM of the motor cortices and corticospinal tracts showed qualitative increase in susceptibility, which is not unique to type of ALS.Discussion: MRI/QSM may not be useful in distinguishing ALS patients by severity or mutation. It may be useful to distinguish ALS from mimic syndromes. This could be because the amount of protein aggregation may not be directly related to axonal loss, or that it affects certain neurons/ tracts more than others.
Zur Bedeutung von Augmented Reality im Mathematikunterricht der Sekundarstufen
Authors: Beckmann Astrid 
Published: April 2022

Für den Mathematikunterricht der Sekundarstufen fehlt bisher eine detaillierte Einordnung von Augmented Reality (AR) aus mathematikdidaktischer Sicht. Das vorliegende Paper möchte einen Beitrag dazu leisten, diese Lücke zu schliessen. Zentrale unterrichtsrelevante Aspekte wie ein angemessenes Bild von Mathematik einschliesslich Modellieren, Begriffserwerb und das offene Aufgabenformat sind Ausgangspunkt der Untersuchung. Im Ergebnis zeigt sich, dass räumliches Veranschaulichen und die Einbindung von digitalen Inhalten in interaktive Arbeitsblätter wichtige Möglichkeiten darstellen. Darüber hinaus gibt es Chancen, insbesondere beim Thema Modellieren, aber auch Grenzen von AR im Mathematikunterricht.
Bacillus cereus for Controlling Bacterial Heart Rot in Pineapple var. MD2
Authors: Naimah Husin  , Zaiton Sapak  
Published: April 2022

Bacterial heart rot (BHR) disease caused by pathogenic bacteria, Dickeya zeae, is one of the destructive diseases of pineapple worldwide. This study explored the potential of Bacillus cereus against the BHR pathogen in vitro and in vivo. The BHR causal pathogen was isolated from symptomatic pineapple plants, demonstrating water-soaked and rotten basal tissues. Biological control agent (BCA) was isolated from asymptomatic pineapple leaves, later confirmed as B. cereus, and subsequently tested for the antagonistic activity against the BHR pathogen via disc diffusion assay and glasshouse trial. B. cereus showed the ability to inhibit the growth of BHR pathogen with 18.10 ± 0.36 mm of inhibition zone in diameter. The ability of B. cereus against the BHR pathogen was further confirmed via the glasshouse trial with five treatments. The results showed that treatments with B. cereus inoculation recorded lower disease severity index of 0.04 ± 0.01 than the positive control treatment with pathogen alone (0.53 ± 0.04). This finding indicated that B. cereus has a great potential as BCA against BHR disease in pineapple var. MD2, however, the effectiveness of this isolate needs to be further tested under actual field conditions.

Penyakit reput teras (BHR) yang disebabkan oleh bakteria patogen, Dickeya zeae, ialah salah satu penyakit yang merosakkan tanaman nanas di seluruh dunia. Kajian ini mengkaji potensi Bacillus cereus sebagai agen kawalan penyakit BHR secara in vitro dan in vivo. Patogen BHR dipencilkan daripada tumbuhan nanas yang mempunyai simptom penyakit seperti tisu daun menjadi lepuh, berair dan busuk. Ejen kawalan biologi diasingkan daripada daun nanas yang tidak mempunyai penyakit, dan dikenal pasti sebagai sebagai B. cereus, dan seterusnya diuji untuk aktiviti antagonis terhadap patogen BHR melalui melalui ujian disc diffusion dan penelitian di rumah kaca. B. cereus menunjukkan keupayaan untuk menghalang pertumbuhan patogen BHR dengan 18.10 ± 0.36 mm diameter zon perencatan. Keupayaan B. cereus terhadap patogen BHR telah disahkan lagi melalui penelitian di rumah kaca dengan lima rawatan. Keputusan menunjukkan rawatan dengan inokulasi B. cereus mencatatkan indeks keterukan penyakit yang lebih rendah sebanyak 0.04 ± 0.01 daripada rawatan kawalan positif dengan patogen sahaja (0.53 ± 0.04). Penemuan ini menunjukkan bahawa B. cereus mempunyai potensi yang besar sebagai BCA terhadap penyakit BHR dalam varian nanas MD2, bagaimanapun, keberkesanan pengasingan ini perlu diuji lagi di bawah keadaan lapangan sebenar.
Ruthenium Metallotherapeutics: Novel Approaches to Combatting Parasitic Infections
Authors: Britten Nicole S. , Butler Jonathan A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:Human parasitic infections cause a combined global mortality rate of over one million people per annum and represent some of the most challenging diseases for medical intervention. Current chemotherapeutic strategies often require prolonged treatment, coupled with subsequent drug-induced cytotoxic morbidity to the host, while resistance generation is also a major concern. Metals have been used extensively throughout the history of medicine, with more recent applications as anticancer and antimicrobial agents. Ruthenium metallotherapeutic antiparasitic agents are highly effective at targeting a range of key parasites, including the causative agents of malaria, trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, amoebiasis, toxoplasmosis and other orphan diseases, while demonstrating lower cytotoxicity profiles than current treatment strategies. Generally, such compounds also demonstrate activity against multiple cellular target sites within parasites, including inhibition of enzyme function, cell membrane perturbation, and alterations to metabolic pathways, therefore reducing the opportunity for resistance generation. This review provides a comprehensive and subjective analysis of the rapidly developing area of ruthenium metal- based antiparasitic chemotherapeutics, in the context of rational drug design and potential clinical approaches to combatting human parasitic infections.
The Influence of Mitochondrial Energy and 1C Metabolism on the
Efficacy of Anticancer Drugs: Exploring Potential Mechanisms of
Resistance
Authors: Franczak Marika , Toenshoff Isabel , Jansen Gerrit , Smolenski Ryszard T. , Giovannetti Elisa , Peters Godefridus J. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Mitochondria are the main energy factory in living cells. To rapidly proliferate
and metastasize, neoplastic cells increase their energy requirements. Thus, mitochondria
become one of the most important organelles for them. Indeed, much research shows the
interplay between cancer chemoresistance and altered mitochondrial function. In this review,
we focus on the differences in energy metabolism between cancer and normal cells
to better understand their resistance and how to develop drugs targeting energy metabolism
and nucleotide synthesis. One of the differences between cancer and normal cells is
the higher nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) level, a cofactor for the tricarboxylic
acid cycle (TCA), which enhances their proliferation and helps cancer cells survive
under hypoxic conditions. An important change is a metabolic switch called the Warburg
effect. This effect is based on the change of energy harvesting from oxygen-dependent
transformation to oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), adapting them to the tumor environment.
Another mechanism is the high expression of one-carbon (1C) metabolism enzymes.
Again, this allows cancer cells to increase proliferation by producing precursors
for the synthesis of nucleotides and amino acids. We reviewed drugs in clinical practice
and development targeting NAD+, OXPHOS, and 1C metabolism. Combining novel drugs
with conventional antineoplastic agents may prove to be a promising new way of anticancer
treatment.
Applications of Nanotechnology-based Approaches to Overcome Multi-drug
Resistance in Cancer
Authors: Kalave Sana , Hegde Namita , Juvale Kapil 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy are the
major treatments used for the management of cancer. Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major hindrance faced in
the treatment of cancer and is also responsible for cancer relapse. To date, several studies have been carried out
on strategies to overcome or reverse MDR in cancer. Unfortunately, the MDR reversing agents have been proven
to have minimal clinical benefits, and eventually, no improvement has been made in therapeutic efficacy to
date. Thus, several investigational studies have also focused on overcoming drug resistance rather than reversing
the MDR. In this review, we focus primarily on nanoformulations regarded as a novel approach to overcome
or bypass the MDR in cancer. The nanoformulation systems serve as an attractive strategy as these nanosized
materials selectively get accumulated in tumor tissues, thereby improving the clinical outcomes of patients
suffering from MDR cancer. In the current work, we present an overview of recent trends in the application
of various nano-formulations, belonging to different mechanistic classes and functionalization like carbon
nanotubes, carbon nanohorns, carbon nanospheres, liposomes, dendrimers, etc., to overcome MDR in cancer.
A detailed overview of these techniques will help researchers in exploring the applicability of nanotechnologybased
approaches to treat MDR.
Captopril and Spironolactone can Attenuate Diabetic Nephropathy in Wistar Rats
by Targeting ABCA1 and microRNA-33
Authors: Ghaffari Tina , Moradi Nariman , Chamani Elham , Ebadi Zahra , Fadaei Reza , Alizadeh-Fanalou Shahin , Yarahmadi Sahar , Fallah Soudabeh 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Nephropathy diabetes is one of the important causes of death and a more prevalent
cause of end-stage renal disease.

Objective:
The present study investigated the effect of applying spironolactone and captopril and their combination
on some renal performance indices and cholesterol-efflux-related gene expression in nephropathy diabetic
rats.

Methods:
Intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin was used to induce diabetes in rats. FBS, creatinine, and
BUN were assayed using the calorimetry technique; also, urine microalbumin was assayed by ELISA. Hepatic
gene expressions of ABCA1, ABCG1, and miR-33 were evaluated by the real-time PCR method.

Results:
FBS levels in the captopril-treated group were significantly decreased compared with the untreated diabetic
group. BUN levels of treated groups with captopril and a combination of captopril + spironolactone were
significantly increased. GFR of both treated diabetic groups with captopril and spironolactone was significantly
lower than an untreated diabetic group. ABCA1 gene expression in hepatic cells of the combination of spironolactone
+ captopril treated group was significantly increased compared to other treated and untreated diabetic
groups. The hepatic expression of the ABCG1 gene in the treated and untreated diabetic groups was significantly
lower than in the control group. Treatment of the diabetic group with only combination therapy decreased the
hepatic gene expression of miR-33 significantly.

Conclusion:
Obtained results suggest that S+C combination therapy can improve nephropathy and diabetes
disorders by targeting the ABCA1 and miR-33 gene expression. It is suggested that miR-33 and ABCA1 genes
evaluation could be a new therapeutic strategy for nephropathy diabetes remediation.
Impact of MiRNAs and LncRNAs on Multidrug Resistance of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Yang Xiaoyan , Wu Yiwen , Xie Zhizhong , Hu Haihong , Lei Xiaoyong , Niu Dun , Li Shiyan , Tuo Lu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Multi-drug resistance (MDR) is characterized by the resistance of tumor cells to some
antitumor drugs with different structures and mechanisms after the use of a single chemotherapy
drug or even the first use of the drug. Notably, MDR has become the largest obstacle to the success
of gastric cancer chemotherapies. Non-coding RNAs are defined as a class of RNAs that do not
have the ability to code proteins. They are widely involved in important biological functions in life
activities. Multiple lines of evidence demonstrated that ncRNAs are closely related to human cancers,
including gastric cancer. However, the relationship between ncRNAs and MDR in gastric
cancer has been reported, yet the mechanisms are not fully clarified. Therefore, in this review, we
systematically summarized the detailed molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs (long noncoding
RNAs) and miRNAs (microRNAs) associated with MDR in gastric cancer. Additionally, we
speculate that the abnormal expression of ncRNAs is likely to be a novel potential therapeutic target
reversing MDR for gastric cancer. Future therapeutics for gastric cancer will most likely be
based on noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) that regulate MDR-related genes.
A Comprehensive Review of the Pharmacologic Perspective on Loop Diuretic Drug
Interactions with Therapeutically Used Drugs
Authors: Maideen Naina Mohamed Pakkir , Balasubramanian Rajkapoor , Muthusamy Sudha 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Loop diuretics help to manage the patients with edema associated with congestive heart
failure, liver cirrhosis, and renal disease and hypertension. The patients taking loop diuretics may receive other medications
to treat comorbidities leading to drug interactions.

Methods:
The literature was searched in databases such as Medline/PMC/PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library,
Science Direct, EMBASE, Web of science, Ebsco, Directory of open access journals (DOAJ) and reference
lists were used to spot relevant articles using keywords Drug interactions, Pharmacodynamic interactions, Loop
diuretics, Bumetanide, Ethacrynic acid, Furosemide, and Torsemide.

Results:
Loop diuretics are associated with hypokalemia, ototoxicity and other adverse effects. The drugs affected by
hypokalemia and having the potential of inducing ototoxicity could interact with loop diuretics pharmacodynamically.
Loop diuretics can interact with drugs such as amphotericin B, digoxin, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
(ACE inhibitors), antidiabetic drugs, antifungal agents, dobutamine, gossypoland sotalol due to diuretic associated
hypokalemia. In addition, the risk of ototoxicity could be enhanced by the concomitant use of loop diuretics and
cisplatin, aminoglycoside antibiotics or phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE 5) inhibitors. Loop diuretics may also interact
pharmacodynamically with drugs like cephalosporins, ceritinib, levothyroxine, pixantrone, probenecid, lithium, nonsteroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), sulfonylureas and herbal drugs.

Conclusion:
Clinicians, pharmacists and other health care providers should take responsibility for the safe use of
medications. In addition, they are required to be aware of the drugs interacting with loop diuretics to prevent adverse
drug interactions.
Exploring Nose to Brain Nano Delivery for Effective Management of
Migraine
Authors: Tanna Vidhi , Sawarkar Sujata P. , Ravikumar Padmini 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Migraine is a disabling disease characterized by severe throbbing headaches. Patients demand
quick relief from this pain. The presence of the blood-brain barrier does not permit the drug to
penetrate the brain effectively. Administration of conventional anti-migraine medications via oral route
leads to erratic absorption of drugs. Delayed gastric emptying is also responsible for the ineffective
absorption of the drug. Migraine-induced nausea and vomiting further limit patient compliance to oral
medication. Other limitations associated with the oral route include extensive first-pass metabolism,
slow onset of action, inability to cross the blood-brain barrier, requirement of a large amount of
dose/dosage, and frequent administration. The anti-migraine drugs used in migraine, such as triptans,
are therapeutically effective but have low bioavailability on oral administration. Also, these drugs are
associated with several cardiovascular complications. The oral dose of most antimigraine drugs, oral
triptans, Ergotamine, NSAIDs, and CGRP antagonists is quite high because of their poor bioavailability.
As a result, these drugs are associated with several side effects. This aspect necessitates the need to
develop a dosage form that can deliver drugs directly to the brain, thereby reducing the dose. Invasive
techniques to deliver these therapeutics to the brain do exist. However, they are painful, require expert
assistance, and are not a cost-effective approach for migraine treatment. These limitations demand the
development of a novel non-invasive approach that is safe, efficacious, and has high patient compliance.
According to reports, it is possible to target the brain tissue by administering the drug intranasally using
the olfactory and the trigeminal pathway. This route is non-invasive, avoids first-pass metabolism, eliminates
nausea and vomiting, helps reduce dose, and thus helps achieve increased patient compliance.
Some factors like solubility, the lipophilicity of the drug, mucociliary clearance, and enzymatic degradation
hinder the bioavailability of the drug by nasal route. Therefore, there is a grave need to develop
novel nasal formulations with prolonged nasal residence time, which can modulate pharmacokinetics
for adequate therapeutic response and render efficient yet robust brain targeting. Considering these challenges,
developing an efficient intranasal dosage form is necessary. This review gives a brief overview
of all the novel carriers reported for improving the treatment of migraine. Nanocarrier-based delivery
systems like in-situ gels, microemulsion, nanoemulsion, nanoparticles, vesicular systems, micelles, and
microspheres used in nose to brain delivery of migraine therapeutics are also discussed in the article.
Curcumin and Paclitaxel Co-loaded Heparin and Poloxamer P403 Hybrid Nanocarrier for Improved Synergistic Efficacy in Breast Cancer
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc The , Nguyen Dinh Trung , Bui Quynh Anh , Huynh Phuong Duy , Nguyen Quang Huy , Tran Ngoc Quyen , Viet Nguyen Thanh 
Published: April 2022

Introduction:
Multi-drug nanosystem has been employed in several therapeutic models due
to the synergistic effect of the drugs and/or bioactive compounds, which help in tumor targeting and
limit the usual side effects of chemotherapy.

Methods:
In this research, we developed the amphiphilic Heparin-poloxamer P403 (HSP) nanogel that
could load curcumin (CUR) and Paclitaxel (PTX) through the hydrophobic core of Poloxamer P403.
The features of HSP nanogel were assessed through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR),
transmission electron microscopy (TEM), differential light scattering (DLS), and critical micelle concentration
(CMC). Nanogel and its dual drug-loaded platform showed high stability and spherical morphology.

Results:
The drug release profile indicated fast release at pH 5.5, suggesting effective drug distribution
at the tumor site. In vitro research confirms lower cytotoxicity of HSP@CUR@PTX compared to free
PTX and higher inhibition effect with MCF-7 than HSP@PTX. These results support the synergism
between PTX and CUR.

Conclusion,:
HSP@CUR@PTX suggests a prominent strategy for achieving the synergistic effect of
PTX and CUR to circumvent undesirable effects in breast cancer treatment.