bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scalable two-terminal all-perovskite tandem solar modules with a 19.1% efficiency
Authors: Abdollahi Nejand Bahram , Ritzer David B. , Hu Hang , Schackmar Fabian , Moghadamzadeh Somayeh , Feeney Thomas , Singh Roja , Laufer Felix , Schmager Raphael , Azmi Raheleh , Kaiser Milian , Abzieher Tobias , Gharibzadeh Saba , Ahlswede Erik , Lemmer Uli , Richards Bryce S. , Paetzold Ulrich W. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMonolithic all-perovskite tandem photovoltaics promise to combine low-cost and high-efficiency solar energy harvesting with the advantages of all-thin-film technologies. To date, laboratory-scale all-perovskite tandem solar cells have only been fabricated using non-scalable fabrication techniques. In response, this work reports on laser-scribed all-perovskite tandem modules processed exclusively with scalable fabrication methods (blade coating and vacuum deposition), demonstrating power conversion efficiencies up to 19.1% (aperture area, 12.25 cm2; geometric fill factor, 94.7%) and stable power output. Compared to the performance of our spin-coated reference tandem solar cells (efficiency, 23.5%; area, 0.1 cm2), our prototypes demonstrate substantial advances in the technological readiness of all-perovskite tandem photovoltaics. By means of electroluminescence imaging and laser-beam-induced current mapping, we demonstrate the homogeneous current collection in both subcells over the entire module area, which explains low losses (<5%rel) in open-circuit voltage and fill factor for our scalable modules.
The evolutionary origin of host association in the Rickettsiales
Authors: Schön Max E. , Martijn Joran , Vosseberg Julian , Köstlbacher Stephan , Ettema Thijs J. G. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe evolution of obligate host-association of bacterial symbionts and pathogens remains poorly understood. The Rickettsiales are an alphaproteobacterial order of obligate endosymbionts and parasites that infect a wide variety of eukaryotic hosts, including humans, livestock, insects and protists. Induced by their host-associated lifestyle, Rickettsiales genomes have undergone reductive evolution, leading to small, AT-rich genomes with limited metabolic capacities. Here we uncover eleven deep-branching alphaproteobacterial metagenome assembled genomes from aquatic environments, including data from the Tara Oceans initiative and other publicly available datasets, distributed over three previously undescribed Rickettsiales-related clades. Phylogenomic analyses reveal that two of these clades, Mitibacteraceae and Athabascaceae, branch sister to all previously sampled Rickettsiales. The third clade, Gamibacteraceae, branch sister to the recently identified ectosymbiotic ‘Candidatus Deianiraea vastatrix’. Comparative analyses indicate that the gene complement of Mitibacteraceae and Athabascaceae is reminiscent of that of free-living and biofilm-associated bacteria. Ancestral genome content reconstruction across the Rickettsiales species tree further suggests that the evolution of host association in Rickettsiales was a gradual process that may have involved the repurposing of a type IV secretion system.
Investigating the mechanisms of peritoneal metastasis in gastric adenocarcinoma using a novel ex vivo peritoneal explant model
Authors: Ng Deanna , Ali Aiman , Lee Kiera , Eymael Denise , Abe Kento , Luu Shelly , Kazazian Karineh , Lu Yi Qing , Brar Savtaj , Conner James , Magalhaes Marco , Swallow Carol J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGastric adenocarcinoma, commonly known as stomach cancer, has a predilection for metastasis to the peritoneum, which portends limited survival. The peritoneal metastatic cascade remains poorly understood, and existing models fail to recapitulate key elements of the interaction between cancer cells and the peritoneal layer. To explore the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of peritoneal metastasis, we developed an ex vivo human peritoneal explant model. Fresh peritoneal tissue samples were suspended, mesothelial layer down but without direct contact, above a monolayer of red-fluorescent dye stained AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells for 24 h, then washed thoroughly. Implantation of AGS cells within the explanted peritoneum and invasion beyond the mesothelial layer were examined serially using real-time confocal fluorescence microscopy. Histoarchitecture of the explanted peritoneum was preserved over 5 days ex vivo. Both implantation and invasion were suppressed by restoration of functional E-cadherin through stable transfection of AGS cells, demonstrating sensitivity of the model to molecular manipulation. Thus, our ex vivo human peritoneal explant model permits meaningful investigation of the pathways and mechanism that contribute to peritoneal metastasis. The model will facilitate screening of new therapies that target peritoneal dissemination of gastric, ovarian and colorectal cancer.
Identification of early biomarkers in saliva in genetically engineered mouse model C(3)1-TAg of breast cancer
Authors: Gilson Sena Isadora Fernandes , Fernandes Larissa Lessi , Lorandi Leonardo Lima , Santana Thais Viggiani , Cintra Luciana , Lima Ismael Feitosa , Iwai Leo Kei , Kramer Jill M. , Birbrair Alexander , Heller Débora 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBreast cancer is one of leading causes of death worldwide in the female population. Deaths from breast cancer could be reduced significantly through earlier and more efficient detection of the disease. Saliva, an oral fluid that contains an abundance of protein biomarkers, has been recognized as a promising diagnostic biofluid that is easy to isolate through non-invasive techniques. Assays on saliva can be performed rapidly and are cost-effective. Therefore, our work aimed to identify salivary biomarkers present in the initial stages of breast cancer, where cell alterations are not yet detectable by histopathological analysis. Using state-of-the-art techniques, we employed a transgenic mouse model of mammary cancer to identify molecular changes in precancerous stage breast cancer through protein analysis in saliva. Through corroborative molecular approaches, we established that proteins related to metabolic changes, inflammatory process and cell matrix degradation are detected in saliva at the onset of tumor development. Our work demonstrated that salivary protein profiles can be used to identify cellular changes associated with precancerous stage breast cancer through non-invasive means even prior to biopsy-evident disease.
A deep learning based approach for automated plant disease classification using vision transformer
Authors: Borhani Yasamin , Khoramdel Javad , Najafi Esmaeil 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPlant disease can diminish a considerable portion of the agricultural products on each farm. The main goal of this work is to provide visual information for the farmers to enable them to take the necessary preventive measures. A lightweight deep learning approach is proposed based on the Vision Transformer (ViT) for real-time automated plant disease classification. In addition to the ViT, the classical convolutional neural network (CNN) methods and the combination of CNN and ViT have been implemented for the plant disease classification. The models have been trained and evaluated on multiple datasets. Based on the comparison between the obtained results, it is concluded that although attention blocks increase the accuracy, they decelerate the prediction. Combining attention blocks with CNN blocks can compensate for the speed.
Salt and surfactant coated filters with antiviral properties and low pressure drop for prospective SARS-CoV2 applications
Authors: Ebadi Milad , McCague Claire , Vallee Ophelia , Taylor Patrick K. , Lee Amy H. Y. , Bahrami Majid 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic motivated research on antiviral filtration used in personal protective equipment and HVAC systems. In this research, three coating compositions of NaCl, Tween 20 surfactant, and NaCl-Tween 20 were examined on polypropylene spun-bond filters. The pressure drop, coverage, and crystal size of the coating methods and compositions were measured. Also, in vitro plaque assays of the Phi6 Bacteriophage on Pseudomonas syringae as a simulation of an enveloped respiratory virus was performed to investigate the antiviral properties of the coating. NaCl and NaCl-Tween 20 increased the pressure drop in the range of 40–50 Pa for a loading of 5 mg/cm2. Tween 20 has shown an impact on the pressure drop as low as 10 Pa and made the filter surface more hydrophilic which kept the virus droplets on the surface. The NaCl-Tween 20 coated samples could inactivate 108 plaque forming units (PFU) of virus in two hours of incubation. Tween 20 coated filters with loading as low as 0.2 mg/cm2 reduced the activity of 108 PFU of virus from 109 to 102 PFU/mL after 2 h of incubation. NaCl-coated samples with a salt loading of 15 mg/cm2 could not have antiviral properties higher than reducing the viral activity from 109 to 105 PFU/mL in 4 h of incubation.
Synthetic MRI for stroke: a qualitative and quantitative pilot study
Authors: André Joachim , Barrit Sami , Jissendi Patrice 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSynthetic MR provides qualitative and quantitative multi-parametric data about tissue properties in a single acquisition. Its use in stroke imaging is not yet established. We compared synthetic and conventional image quality and studied synthetic relaxometry of acute and chronic ischemic lesions to investigate its interest for stroke imaging. We prospectively acquired synthetic and conventional brain MR of 43 consecutive adult patients with suspected stroke. We studied a total of 136 lesions, of which 46 DWI-positive with restricted ADC (DWI + /rADC), 90 white matter T2/FLAIR hyperintensities (WMH) showing no diffusion restriction, and 430 normal brain regions (NBR). We assessed image quality for lesion definition according to a 3-level score by two readers of different experiences. We compared relaxometry of lesions and regions of interest. Synthetic images were superior to their paired conventional images for lesion definition except for sFLAIR (sT1 or sPSIR vs. cT1 and sT2 vs. cT2 for DWI + /rADC and WMH definition; p values < .001) with substantial to almost perfect inter-rater reliability (κ ranging from 0.711 to 0.932, p values < .001). We found significant differences in relaxometry between lesions and NBR and between acute and chronic lesions (T1, T2, and PD of DWI + /rADC or WMH vs. mirror NBR; p values < .001; T1 and PD of DWI + /rADC vs. WMH; p values of 0.034 and 0.008). Synthetic MR may contribute to stroke imaging by fast generating accessible weighted images for visual inspection derived from rapidly acquired relaxometry data. Moreover, this synthetic relaxometry could differentiate acute and chronic ischemic lesions.
Injection-induced fault slip assessment in Montney Formation in Western Canada
Authors: Yaghoubi A. , Dusseault M. B. , Leonenko Y. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHydraulic stimulation to enhance energy extraction from geothermal and unconventional resources is typically accompanied by seismicity because injection changes pore pressures and temperatures, facilitating slippage of fractures and faults. Induced seismicity carries potential risk if events are large enough to damage infrastructure. The uncertainty invariably associated with the state of stress measurements and subsurface geomechanics parameters affects the analysis of fault slip and seismicity induced resulting from hydraulic fracturing. In this study, a probabilistic approach is used to assess the slip tendency of known faults crossing the compartmentalized Montney Formation of western Alberta and northeastern British Columbia. We first divide the formation into four different stress areas based on pore pressure deviations from hydrostatic. In each stress area, geomechanics parameters are expressed as probability distributions using multivariable datasets from borehole petrophysical data to injection-induced focal mechanisms. Monte Carlo simulations are applied to assess the potential slip tendency of local faults. We display the cumulative distribution function of critical pore pressure to cause slip on each fault by using analyses of the parameters of the Mohr–Coulomb shear failure criterion and local tectonic stress state. The results provide useful input for seismic hazard assessment and risk mitigation for local faults affected by high-rate fluid injection.
The impact of spontaneous cough on pleural pressure changes during therapeutic thoracentesis
Authors: Stecka Anna M. , Grabczak Elżbieta M. , Michnikowski Marcin , Zielińska-Krawczyk Monika , Krenke Rafał , Gólczewski Tomasz 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCough during therapeutic thoracentesis (TT) is considered an adverse effect. The study was aimed to evaluate the relationship between cough during TT and pleural pressure (Ppl) changes (∆P). Instantaneous Ppl was measured after withdrawal of predetermined volumes of pleural fluid. Fluid withdrawal (FW) and Ppl measurement (PplM) periods were analyzed separately using the two sample Kolmogorov–Smirnov test and the nonparametric skew to assess differences between ∆P distributions in periods with and without cough. The study involved 59 patients, median age 66 years, median withdrawn fluid volume 1800 mL (1330 ÷ 2400 mL). In total, 1265 cough episodes were recorded in 52 patients, in 24% of FW and 19% of PplM periods, respectively. Cough was associated with significant changes in ∆P distribution (p < 0.001), decreasing the left tail of ∆P distribution for FW periods (the skew =  − 0.033 vs. − 0.182) and increasing the right tail for PplM periods (the skew = 0.182 vs. 0.088). Although cough was more frequent in 46 patients with normal pleural elastance (p < 0.0001), it was associated with significantly higher ∆P in patients with elevated elastance (median Ppl increase 2.9 vs. 0.2 cmH2O, respectively). Cough during TT is associated with small but beneficial trend in Ppl changes, particularly in patients with elevated pleural elastance, and should not be considered solely as an adverse event.
Bus queue time estimation model for a curbside bus stop considering the blocking effect
Authors: Luo Tian , Liu Xiaobin , Jin Hui 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBus queue time estimation of a curbside bus stop is essential to evaluate the operation, reliability and performance of a bus system. Arriving buses and served buses on upstream berths form an overflow queue considering the no overtaking principle and limited overtaking principle. The bus dwelling time at the downstream berth may directly influence the capacity at bus stop. This study aims to estimate the queue time attributed to downstream berth blocking effect. The queue delay is modeled as a function of dwell time which is fitting by normal and lognormal distributions. Hence, the queue time should be evaluated by bus dwell time and joint probability density to quantify the negative influence on queue delay. The result indicate that probability distribution versus the queue time in the blocking effect. An illustrative example is presented to reflect the effectiveness of the estimation method. The fitting results further support our theoretical analyses.
Using the Kriging Correlation for unsupervised feature selection problems
Authors: Chua Cheng-Han , Guo Meihui , Huang Shih-Feng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a KC Score to measure feature importance in clustering analysis of high-dimensional data. The KC Score evaluates the contribution of features based on the correlation between the original features and the reconstructed features in the low dimensional latent space. A KC Score-based feature selection strategy is further developed for clustering analysis. We investigate the performance of the proposed strategy by conducting a study of four single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets. The results show that our strategy effectively selects important features for clustering. In particular, in three datasets, our proposed strategy selected less than 5% of the features and achieved the same or better clustering performance than when using all of the features.
Spatial variation and risk factors of malaria and anaemia among children aged 0 to 59 months: a cross-sectional study of 2010 and 2015 datasets
Authors: Ibeji Jecinta U. , Mwambi Henry , Iddrisu Abdul-Karim 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMalaria and anaemia are common diseases that affect children, particularly in Africa. Studies on the risk associated with these diseases and their synergy are scanty. This work aims to study the spatial pattern of malaria and anaemia in Nigeria and adjust for their risk factors using separate models for malaria and anaemia. This study used Bayesian spatial models within the Integrated Nested Laplace Approach (INLA) to establish the relationship between malaria and anaemia. We also adjust for risk factors of malaria and anaemia and map the estimated relative risks of these diseases to identify regions with a relatively high risk of the diseases under consideration. We used data obtained from the Nigeria malaria indicator survey (NMIS) of 2010 and 2015. The spatial variability distribution of both diseases was investigated using the convolution model, Conditional Auto-Regressive (CAR) model, generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) and generalized linear model (GLM) for each year. The convolution and generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) showed the least Deviance Information Criteria (DIC) in 2010 for malaria and anaemia, respectively. The Conditional Auto-Regressive (CAR) and convolution models had the least DIC in 2015 for malaria and anaemia, respectively. This study revealed that children in rural areas had strong and significant odds of malaria and anaemia infection [2010; malaria: AOR = 1.348, 95% CI = (1.117, 1.627), anaemia: AOR = 1.455, 95% CI = (1.201, 1.7623). 2015; malaria: AOR = 1.889, 95% CI = (1.568, 2.277), anaemia: AOR = 1.440, 95% CI = (1.205, 1.719)]. Controlling the prevalence of malaria and anaemia in Nigeria requires the identification of a child’s location and proper confrontation of some socio-economic factors which may lead to the reduction of childhood malaria and anaemia infection.
Assessment of the TGFB1 gene expression and methylation status of the promoter region in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Wodziński Damian , Wosiak Agnieszka , Pietrzak Jacek , Świechowski Rafał , Kordek Radzisław , Balcerczak Ewa 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of the TGFB1 gene encoding the TGF-β1 cytokine in 64 patients, and then to compare it with clinico-pathological features. The study also investigated whether the regulation of the gene expression is caused by methylation of the promoter region between − 235 and + 22 nucleotide from the start of transcription. The dependence of the relative level of the TGFB1 gene expression on the clinical advancement according to the TNM classifications was shown. Additionally, the individual grades of the T and M features of the TNM classification differed in the relative transcript levels of the TGFB1 gene. Moreover, the higher relative expression level of the studied gene was associated with a lack of vascular invasion by cancer cells and presence of lymphocytes in the neoplastic tissue. The obtained results may indicate a possible impact of the gene on the process of carcinogenesis in colorectal cancer and reduction of its expression level may be one of the factors contributing to progression of the disease.
The shortest innovative process for enhancing the S-allylcysteine content and antioxidant activity of black and golden garlic
Authors: Pakakaew Peeraporn , Phimolsiripol Yuthana , Taesuwan Siraphat , Kumphune Sarawut , Klangpetch Wannaporn , Utama-ang Niramon 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBlack garlic is a type of heat-treated garlic for which the traditional process is extremely simple yet time-consuming, taking more than one month. The purpose of this research was to reduce the processing time of black garlic while maintaining a high level of S-allylcysteine (SAC), a black garlic quality indicator. The fresh garlic was pre-treated with CaCl2 and frozen before being further incubated at two different temperatures (60 and 80 °C) with a relative humidity of 65% and 80% RH. Results showed that sequential pre-treatment and incubation at 80 °C and 80% RH for 1 week yielded 874.26 mg of SAC/100 g dry weight with an antioxidant activity of 5390 and 25,421 mg Trolox/100 g for DPPH and ABTS assays, respectively. This process shortened the processing time of black garlic by about 4-times. The batch processed at 60 °C and 65% RH for 1 week provided the highest SAC content of about 1772 mg/100 g dry weight, which was 2-times higher than in incubation at 80 °C and 80% RH for 1 week. The colour of this garlic was golden, so we call this new processed garlic product “golden garlic”.
Comparison study of reconstruction algorithms for volumetric necrosis maps from 2D multi-slice GRE thermometry images
Authors: Alpers Julian , Hensen Bennet , Rötzer Maximilian , Reimert Daniel L. , Gerlach Thomas , Vick Ralf , Gutberlet Marcel , Wacker Frank , Hansen Christian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCancer is a disease which requires a significant amount of careful medical attention. For minimally-invasive thermal ablation procedures, the monitoring of heat distribution is one of the biggest challenges. In this work, three approaches for volumetric heat map reconstruction (Delauney triangulation, minimum volume enclosing ellipsoids (MVEE) and splines) are presented based on uniformly distributed 2D MRI phase images rotated around the applicator’s main axis. We compare them with our previous temperature interpolation method with respect to accuracy, robustness and adaptability. All approaches are evaluated during MWA treatment on the same data sets consisting of 13 ex vivo bio protein phantoms, including six phantoms with simulated heat sink effects. Regarding accuracy, the DSC similarity results show a strong trend towards the MVEE ($$0.80\pm 0.03$$

0.80
±
0.03

) and the splines ($$0.77\pm 0.04$$

0.77
±
0.04

) method compared to the Delauney triangulation ($$0.75\pm 0.02$$

0.75
±
0.02

) or the temperature interpolation ($$0.73\pm 0.07$$

0.73
±
0.07

). Robustness is increased for all three approaches and the adaptability shows a significant trend towards the initial interpolation method and the splines. To overcome local inhomogeneities in the acquired data, the use of adaptive simulations should be considered in the future. In addition, the transfer to in vivo animal experiments should be considered to test for clinical applicability.