bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Content and comprehensiveness in the nursing documentation for residents in long-term dementia care: a retrospective chart review
Authors: Laukvik Lene Baagøe , Lyngstad Merete , Rotegård Ann Kristin , Slettebø Åshild , Fossum Mariann 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Insight into and understanding of content and comprehensiveness in nursing documentation is important to secure continuity and high-quality care planning in long-term dementia care. The accuracy of nursing documentation is vital in areas where residents have difficulties in communicating needs and preferences. This study described the content and comprehensiveness of nursing documentation for residents living with dementia in nursing homes.

Methods
We used a retrospective chart review to describe content and comprehensiveness in the nursing documentation. Person-centered content related to identity, comfort, inclusion, attachment, and occupation was identified, using an extraction tool derived from person-centered care literature. The five-point Comprehensiveness in the Nursing Documentation scale was used to describe the comprehensiveness of the nursing documentation in relation to the nursing process.

Results
The residents’ life stories were identified in 16% of the reviewed records. There were variations in the identified nursing diagnoses related to person-centered information, across all the five categories. There were variations in comprehensiveness within all five categories, and inclusion and occupation had the least comprehensive information.

Conclusion
Findings from this study highlights challenges in documenting person-centered information in a comprehensive way. To improve nursing documentation of residents living with dementia in nursing homes, nurses need to include residents’ perspectives and experiences in their planning and evaluation of care.
Exploring factors associated with hepatitis B screening in a multilingual and diverse population
Authors: Chu Janet N. , Nguyen Tung T. , Rivadeneira Natalie A. , Hiatt Robert A. , Sarkar Urmimala 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Racial/ethnic minorities bear a disproportionate burden of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and disease. Disparities in HBV screening contribute to worse outcomes for communities of color. We examined the impact of race/ethnicity, language preference, and having a usual place of care on HBV screening in a multilingual, urban cohort.

Methods
We used questions from the Health Information National Trends Survey and added validated questions about healthcare access and health literacy. We administered this survey in English, Spanish, and Chinese to a selected convenience sample of San Francisco city/county residents in 2017, with pre-specified targets for populations with known cancer disparities: 25% Spanish-speaking, 25% Chinese-speaking, and 25% Black Americans. Using weighted multivariable logistic regression analyses, we assessed how race/ethnicity, language preference, and having a usual place of care impacts self-report of HBV screening.

Results
Overall, 1027 participants completed the survey (50% of surveys administered in English, 25% in Spanish, and 25% in Chinese). Only 50% of participants reported HBV screening. In multivariable analysis, Black (OR = 0.20, 95% CI 0.08–0.49), Latinx (OR = 0.33, 95% CI 0.13–0.85), Asian (OR = 0.31, 95% CI 0.10, 0.94), and ‘Other’ race/ethnicity (OR = 0.17, 95% CI 0.05–0.53) respondents had lower odds of HBV screening compared to non-Hispanic White respondents. Participants who had insurance had increased odds of HBV screening (OR = 2.70, 95% CI 1.48–4.93).

Conclusions
HBV screening disparities persist for Black Americans, Asian Americans, Latinx, and the uninsured. Future studies should explore reasons why current strategies have not been implemented or are not successful, particularly in addressing racial/ethnic and insurance disparities.
Disparities in expected driving time to opioid treatment and treatment completion: findings from an exploratory study
Authors: Alibrahim Abdullah , Marsh Jeanne C. , Amaro Hortensia , Kong Yinfei , Khachikian Tenie , Guerrero Erick 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Commuting time to treatment has been shown to affect healthcare outcomes such as engagement and initiation. The purpose of this study is to extend this line of research to investigate the effects of driving time to opioid programs on treatment outcomes.

Methods
We analyzed discharge survey data from 22,587 outpatient opioid use disorder treatment episodes (mainly methadone) in Los Angeles County and estimated the associated driving time to each episode using Google Maps. We used multivariable logistic regressions to examine the association between estimated driving time and odds of treatment completion after adjusting for possible confounders.

Results
Findings show an average driving time of 11.32 min and an average distance of 11.18 km. We observed differences in estimated driving time across age, gender, and socioeconomic status. Young, male, more formally educated, and Medi-Cal-ineligible clients drove longer to treatment. A 10-min drive was associated with a 33% reduction in the completion of methadone treatment plans (p < .01).

Conclusion
This systemwide analysis provides novel time estimates of driving-based experiences and a strong relationship with completion rates in methadone treatment. Specifically, the result showing reduced treatment completion rates for drive times longer than 10 min may inform policies regarding the ideal geographic placement of methadone-based treatment programs and service expansion initiatives.
PTH2R is related to cell proliferation and migration in ovarian cancer: a multi-omics analysis of bioinformatics and experiments
Authors: Xiaowei Wang , Tong Lu , Yanjun Qu , Lili Fan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundOvarian cancer is a common gynecological disease and seriously endangers women's health. Currently, there is still a lack of effective molecular markers for the diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the molecular markers associated with ovarian cancer.MethodsThe molecular and gene related to ovarian cancer were extracted from GEO database and TCGA database by bioinformatics, and the related genes and functions were further analyzed. The results were verified by qPCR, WB, CCK-8 and Transwell experiments.ResultsData analysis showed that PTH2R gene was highly expressed in tumors, and 51 HUB genes were obtained. Finally, experimental verification showed that PTH2R gene was highly expressed in ovarian cancer, and PTH2R gene was involved in the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancer cells.ConclusionsAfter experimental verification, we found that knocking down the expression of PTH2R can inhibit the proliferation, invasion and migration of tumor cells.PTH2R is expected to become a new molecular marker for ovarian cancer.
Fast detection and quantification of Plasmodium species infected erythrocytes in a non-endemic region by using the Sysmex XN-31 analyzer
Authors: Khartabil Tania A. , de Rijke Yolanda B. , Koelewijn Rob , van Hellemond Jaap J. , Russcher Henk 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Due to increased travel from endemic countries, malaria occurs more frequently in non-endemic regions. It is a challenge for diagnostic laboratories in non-endemic countries to provide reliable results, as experience of staff is often limited to only a few cases per year. This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of the fully automated Sysmex XN-31 malaria analyzer in a routine diagnostic setting in a non-endemic region was evaluated.

Methods
Samples from 112 patients suspected for malaria were examined by the Sysmex XN-31 analyzer to determine the absolute count of malaria-infected red blood cells count (MI-RBC/µL). Microscopic examination of both Quantitative Buffy Coat capillary tubes and thick and thin blood films were used as reference methods. Limits of blank (LoB), detection (LoD) and quantification (LoQ) were investigated using an in vitro Plasmodium falciparum culture. Nine hundred twenty samples of patients with RBC abnormalities were included to determine which RBC abnormalities trigger indeterminate or false positive results.

Results
No false positive nor false negative results were obtained for the examined patient samples suspected for malaria. For 3% of samples an indeterminate result by the XN-31 was obtained. The Passing-Bablok regression line for diagnostic accuracy of the parasitaemia was y = 39.75 + 0.7892 × showing a positive bias of about 21% when comparing the MI-RBC results to microscopy. The LoB, LoD and LoQ were calculated to be 4.7, 5.9, and 19.0 infected RBC/μL, respectively. From the 920 abnormal RBC samples collected, 4.6% resulted in a false positive MI-RBC result and almost half of the samples produced indeterminate results. These results were related to increases in nucleated red blood cells, reticulocytes and other abnormal RBC morphologies such as sickle cells.

Conclusions
Based on the results, the XN-31 is a fast and reliable screening method in the detection and quantification of Plasmodium species in patients However, if an abnormal red blood cell morphology is present, the results of the XN-31 should be interpreted with caution as false positive results can be caused by interfering abnormal erythrocytes.
Micro/nanostructural properties of peri-implant jaw bones: a human cadaver study
Authors: Koresawa Kazuto , Matsunaga Satoru , Hikita Atsuhiko , Okudera Hajime , Yamaguchi Akira , Yajima Yasutomo , Abe Shinichi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Many points concerning the structure of osseointegration and the surrounding jaw bone remain unclear, and its optimal histological form has yet to be identified. The aim of this study was to clarify the structural characteristics of peri-implant jaw bone on the micro- and nano-scales by quantitatively evaluating bone quality.

Methods
Five samples of human mandibular bone containing dental implants and one dentate sample that had been in place for some years while the donors were still alive were collected. Bulk staining was performed, and 100-μm-thick polished specimens were prepared. The osteon distributions in peri-implant bone and mandibular cortical bone were measured, after which alignment analysis of biological apatite (BAp) crystallites and anisotropy analysis of collagen fiber orientation using second-harmonic generation imaging were carried out.

Results
Osteons in the vicinity of the implant body ran parallel to it. In the cortical bone at the base of the mandible, however, most osteons were oriented mesiodistally. The preferential alignment of BAp crystallites was generally consistent with osteon orientation. The orientation of collagen fibers in peri-implant jaw bone resembled the concentric rings seen in normal cortical bone, but there were also fibers that ran orthogonally across these concentric fibers.

Conclusions
These results suggest that the mechanical strain imposed by implants causes the growth of cortical bone-like bone in areas that would normally consist of cancellous bone around the implants, and that its structural characteristics are optimized for the load environment of the peri-implant jaw bone.
Some tests criteria for the covariance matrix with fewer observations than the dimension
Authors: Srivastava Muni S. 
Published: April 2022

We consider testing certain hypotheses concerning the covariance matrix Σ when the number of observations N=n+1 on the p-dimensional random vector x, distributed as normal, is less than p, n<p, and n/p goes to zero. Specifically, we consider testing Σ=σ2Ip, Σ=Ip, Σ=Λ, a diagonal matrix, and Σ=σ2[(1−ρ)Ip+ρ1p1′p], an intraclass correlation structure, where 1′p=(1,1,…,1), is a p-row vector of ones, and Ip is the p×p identity matrix. The first two tests are the adapted versions of the likelihood ratio tests when n>p, p-fixed, and p/n goes to zero, to the case when n<p, n-fixed, and n/p goes to zero. The third test is the normalized version of Fisher’s z-transformation which is shown to be asymptotically normally distributed as n and p go to infinity (irrespective of the manner). A test for the fourth hypothesis is constructed using the spherecity test for a (p−1)-dimensional vector but this test can only reject the hypothesis, that is, if the hypothesis is not rejected, it may not imply that the hypothesis is true. The first three tests are compared with some recently proposed tests.
Development of a Monitoring System to Assess the Internal Environment of Bagged Grain in Storage
Authors: Omodara Michael A. , Montross Michael D. , McNeill Samuel G. , Sama Michael P. , Carr Doug E. 
Published: April 2022

HighlightsA temperature and relative humidity monitoring system for bagged grain was developed.Continuous monitoring of condition of bagged corn and paddy was done for four months.Temperature and relative humidity within bagged grain followed the ambient conditions.Equilibrium moisture content of the stored grain increased by 1.2% during storage.Abstract.Most farmers in African countries produce small amounts of grain per season and use polypropylene bags for grain storage. Little published information is available on the temperature and moisture change of bagged grain even though high losses are observed. Commercially available moisture meters are expensive and not suitable for providing real-time information on the condition of bagged grain. A monitoring system was developed to assess the internal environment of bagged grain stored in warehouses. The system has eight on-board integrated temperature and relative humidity sensors connected to a custom Arduino-based data acquisition system which recorded a time stamp, temperature, and relative humidity onto a microSD card. Four units were deployed in two warehouses in Nigeria from 3 May 2019 to 9 September 2019. There were 54 bags of corn in Ilorin, and 4000 bags of paddy rice in Tede. Average monthly temperatures recorded at various locations in the warehouse were significantly different (p&lt;0.05). The errors in temperature and relative humidity measurement were 0.2°C and 3.7%, respectively. Equilibrium moisture content of bagged corn and paddy increased by 1.1 and 1.2 percentage points (wet basis), respectively. Data acquired by the system can be used to monitor the condition of bagged grain and detect potential spoilage. This system would help warehouse managers make informed decisions to reduce storage losses. Keywords: EMC, Grain bag storage, Loss management, Moisture, Resilience, Temperature.
Effects of Pressure and Moisture Content on Bulk Density of Triticale Grain under Compaction
Authors: Chiputula Jonathan , Khedher Agha Mahmoud Kamal Ahmed , Saber Mazin , Yang Ling , Bucklin Ray , Thompson Sidney A. , Blount Ann R. 
Published: April 2022

HighlightsCompaction of triticale grain with three moisture contents (8%, 12%, and 16% wet basis) was measured at five applied pressures (0, 7, 14, 34, and 55 kPa).Bulk density increased with increasing pressure for all moisture contents and was significantly (p &lt; 0.0001) dependent on both moisture content and applied pressure.A Verhulst logistic equation was found to model the changes in bulk density of triticale grain with R2 of 0.986.The model showed similar behavior to that of wheat and rye, indicating that the results of this study can be used with the methods of ASABE Standard S413 to predict the quantity of triticale grain stored in bins.Abstract. The objective of this study was to determine the combined effects of moisture content (MC) and pressure on the changes in bulk density of triticale grain under compaction at conditions typical of those seen in storage structures and to develop mathematical models to describe the compression behavior. Triticale compaction was measured at three MCs (8%, 12%, and 16% wet basis) and four compaction pressures (7, 14, 34, and 55 kPa) using a square metal box based on the design used in an earlier study by Thompson and Ross. Data from the compaction tests were used to calculate bulk densities for the three MCs and four pressures. Bulk densities were found to be significantly (p &lt; 0.0001) dependent on both MC and pressure. Bulk densities varied with increasing MC, as has been observed in similar studies for other agricultural grains such as rye and wheat. These results provide guidance for estimating the bulk density of triticale in bins and other storage structures. The Verhulst logistic equation was found to best describe the changes in bulk density of triticale caused by rearrangement of the grain kernels at lower pressures for the three MCs. At higher pressures, the grain was observed to be more compliant, and Hooke’s law was used to accurately describe the observed changes. Data from the compaction tests were used to estimate the model parameters, with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.986. The model was then used in WPACKING to compare the results of this study to pack factor predictions for triticale and wheat. WPACKING is a computer program that is the basis for ASABE Standard S413. The results of this comparison showed that this method can be used with the methods of ASABE Standard S413 to predict the quantity of triticale grain stored in bins. Keywords: Bulk density, Interaction, Moisture content, Pressure, Triticale, Verhulst logistic equation.
Frontier: Beyond Productivity—Recreating the Circles of Life to Deliver Multiple Benefits with Circular Systems
Authors: Morton Lois Wright , Shea Ernie 
Published: April 2022

HighlightsThe challenge to agriculture is to adapt the circularity observed in complex natural systems into practical applications for producers and their value chains.Diversification and complexity can enable agricultural input and output processes that mimic natural circles of life that make, use, recycle, and reuse resources.Producers must find their own circular systems that work in a particular time, geography, and set of conditions and establish feedback loops that enable continuous adjustment and adaptation as situations change.Investments in foundational and applied sciences, technologies, and innovations are needed to expand knowledge of agricultural systems and the tools and strategies that will enable continuous adaptative management over time.Abstract. Circularity in agriculture and food systems holds promise for recovering lost resources and addressing the unintended consequences of linear production. The challenge to agriculture is to adapt the circularity observed in complex natural ecosystems into practical applications for producers and their value chains, thereby shifting intensive linear systems away from the single goal of optimizing monoculture productivity toward circles of life capable of producing multiple benefits concurrently. Mixed multi-plant and animal agricultural systems that leverage integrated land management and biodiversity have potential to deliver multiple benefits, including increased productivity, pest and disease control, water quality, soil health, and economic profitability. Replacing linear “take, make, and dispose” systems with circular “make, use, recycle, and reuse” systems offers solutions for managing input costs and gaining income and ecosystem benefits from wastes that are otherwise lost and can harm agro-ecosystems. Technologies, innovations, and practices that reinforce and expand whole-system management, build on local conditions and knowledge, and that deliver multiple benefits beyond optimum production will be necessary for circular systems to emerge. This article provides several examples of current farm applications and experimentation with circular systems as practical solutions at different scales relevant to a range of production systems in developed, developing, and underdeveloped countries. Keywords: Agriculture, Biodiversity, Circles of life, Circular systems, Complexity, Farmers, Food systems, Innovations, Linear treadmills of production, Mixing species, Multi-benefit production, Technologies.
Development of Planar Orientation in Polymer Processing
Authors: Horio Masao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A critical discussion is presented of the development of planar orientations in various polymer processing operations. These include tubular blown film and subsequently drawn and multiply stretched blown films. The response of polyethylene, various nylons, poly(ethylene ter ephthalate), cellulose and poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) are discussed.
Polymer Compounding Process for Controlled Peroxide-Degradation of PP
Authors: Fritz H.-G. , Stöhrer B. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A process control concept for peroxide-initiated degradation of polypropylene was presented. The link-up of a twin-screw extruder to an on-line Rheometer and a computer system using a newly developed program package can be used to form a process control system unaffected by external disturbing influences and leading to a long-term constant product quality. Work is still to be done concerning development and optimization in the area of layout and design of adapter systems and concerning the measures for lowering the controllability ratio Z1. Special attention should be given to a processing concept to enable changes in M
w and MWD independently of one another.
The Processing Science of Thermoplastic Structural Composites
Authors: Cogswell F. N. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A sound scientific basis for understanding what happens during the processing of materials, and how that stage affects the service performance of the structure, is an essential prerequisite to the development of efficient low cost fabrication technology. This paper considers the phenomena – chemical, thermal, thermodynamic and rheological – which occur during processing and reviews the information which we have available today as a basis on which to build a more comprehensive study and data base.
Effect of High Molecular Mass Tail in the Mol Mass Distribution of Polypropylene on Injection Molding
Authors: Qian R. , Guo M. , Li S. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The effect of high molecular mass (MM) tail in the molecular mass distribution (MMD) of polypropylene (PP) on injection molding has been studied using injection molded tensile bars from a commercial PP resin and two samples of the above resin deprived of the high MM tail in different degrees by controlled degradation during extruder reaction with an added processing aid named Promax. The central portions of the tensile bars were studied by polarizing microscopy of microtomed sections parallel and perpendicular to the melt flow direction, and by density and birefringence profiles across the thickness of the bar. Mechanical properties and acoustic emission behavior in stretching of these injection molded tensile bars are also discussed. The experimental results show that by stripping off the high MM tail in the MMD the injection molded tensile bar has smaller degree of crystallization, less frozen orientation, improved uniformity across the thickness and the thickness of the skin part is greatly reduced. Better quality of the fabricated articles is to be expected by using Promax with PP for injection molding.
Flow Visualization Parallel and Perpendicular to the Rotor Axes for Elastomers and Molten Plastics in an Internal Mixer*
Authors: Min K. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Basic studies of flow visualization for elastomers and plastics in an internal mixer are described. A modified laboratory mixer with transparent front and trasverse windows was used to observe parallel and perpendicular motions. Shearing, stretching and tearing motions were observed especially for elastomers. Various rotor designs were used. These indicate different flow fields along the rotor axes, and the interchange of materials between rotors. We describe the different flow fields observed for elastomers and plastics creasted by various rotor designs.