bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metal Atom Desorption from Organofluorine Surfaces: What Factors Govern Desorption?
Authors: Tsujioka Tsuyoshi , Kusaka Hatsuka 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMetal pattern formation using vacuum evaporation is an essential technology in various fields such as electronics, photonics, and industrial mass production. An application of selective metal deposition, in which a metal pattern can be prepared by maskless vacuum evaporation, based on the phenomenon of metal atom desorption from the organic surface, is expected as a promising method. However, the surface physical properties that govern the desorption of metals have not been fully clarified. In this study, the metal desorption phenomenon in various organofluorine films with a low surface energy is investigated in detail, and the factors governing the desorption are clarified. It is revealed that metal desorption requires not a low total surface energy but rather the London dispersion component of surface energy as small as 20 mJ m−2, and, moreover, that the surface should have fluidity or high molecular mobility. As typical materials having such physical properties, commercially available mold release agents show efficient desorption with respect to many metals having a low intrinsic vapor pressure such as Au, Ag, Cr, and In. Furthermore, 3D integrated deposition is performed as a demonstration of efficient metal desorption. This highly efficient metal desorption phenomenon is applicable to various fields including electronics.
Multifunctional surface coating using chitosan and its chemical functionalization
Authors: Ko Sangwon 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBiologically active surfaces with spatio‐selective binding capabilities minimize nonspecific adsorption and are essential to fabricate biomedical devices. Chitosan is a potential material for such a functional surface because of its good biocompatibility. In this study, a chitosan‐based bioactive surface was prepared using a facile drop‐casting method. Nonbiofouling properties of the bare chitosan film were observed against fluorescent‐tagged proteins (streptavidin and bovine serum albumin). The interaction of streptavidin with biotin was used to assess the specific binding capabilities. Biotin was spatially and selectively immobilized onto the film through surface organic reactions. Fluorescence intensities of the streptavidin‐treated chitosan film proportionally changed with the biotin concentration, suggesting a good specific binding. Furthermore, the intrinsic amine groups in the chitosan coating provided antibacterial properties, which could be further enhanced by introducing quaternary ammonium cations. The combination of nonbiofouling, specific binding, and antibacterial properties renders chitosan a viable candidate for biomedical and analytical applications.
A recent update on new synthetic chiral compounds with antileishmanial activity
Authors: Verboni Michele , Olivieri Diego , Lucarini Simone 
Published: August 2022

AbstractParasitic diseases, including malaria, leishmaniasis, and trypanosomiasis, affect billions of people and are responsible for almost 500,000 deaths/year. In particular, leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease, is considered a global public health problem because current drugs have several drawbacks including to toxicity, high cost, and drug resistance, which result in a lack of effective and readily available therapies. Therefore, the synthesis of new, safe, and effective molecules still requires the attention of the scientific community. Moreover, it is well known that chirality plays a crucial role in the antiparasitic activity of molecules, driving the design of their synthesis. Therefore, in this review we report a recent update on new chiral compounds with promising antileishmanial activity, focusing on synthetic approaches. Where reported, in most cases the enantiopure compound has shown better potency against the protozoa than its enantiomer or corresponding racemic mixture.
Assessing Edible Composite Film Polymer from Potato Industry Effluent under High Hydrostatic Pressure and Its Antimicrobial Properties
Authors: Akdemir Evrendilek Gulsun , Bulut Nurullah , Uzuner Sibel 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDevelopment of edible film from potato industry effluent having antimicrobial properties against Salmonella enteritidis and Escherichia coli O157:H7 by addition of Citrus sinensis volatile oil (VO), and changes of its textural properties under high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) are investigated. The optimum operational conditions are determined as 500 MPa pressure, 36.97 µL VO, and 15 min processing time with the minimum force value of 372.33 × g. Textural properties are also modeled through empirical modeling, best fit Box‐Behnken design, and artificial neuron network. Inhibition zones for Salmonella enteritidis and E. coli O157:H7 at the optimum HHP conditions are 1.50 ± 0.11 and 2.18 ± 0.07 cm, respectively. Textural properties of force and elongation at break of the HHP‐processed films range from 2.27 ± 0.52 to 5.23 ± 0.38 N, and from 8.57 ± 1.31 to 13.36 ± 1.36 mm, respectively. Thermal transition of the edible film is observed at 87.42 °C for 7.36 min. Addition of C. sinensis VO improves the antimicrobial properties, whereas HHP improves the textural properties of the film. It is suggested that the developed film has potential to be used as an edible food packaging material.
Transoral robotic surgery for parapharyngeal carcinoma ex‐pleomorphic adenoma: A case report
Authors: Cadena‐Piñeros Enrique , Moreno‐Torres Andrey , Correa‐Marin Jessica , Melo‐Uribe Mario A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundCarcinoma ex‐pleomorphic adenoma (Ca ex‐PA) comprises 0.5% of head and neck neoplasms. Transoral robotic surgery (TORS) is an approach being used to treat a variety of benign and malignant head and neck neoplasms. Recently, this technique has gained popularity as an alternative for parapharyngeal space (PPS) tumor resection. To our knowledge, this is the first case of Ca ex‐PA managed successfully by TORS of the PPS.CaseFifty‐nine‐year‐old male with incidental mass in PPS, initial diagnosis of pleomorphic adenoma, who underwent transoral robotic resection. The histopathology diagnosis with minimally invasive Ca ex‐PA findings and malignant component of high‐grade epithelial/myoepithelial carcinoma and salivary duct carcinoma. Patient discharged on the fifth post‐operative day without complications.ConclusionBased on our findings, TORS may be a safe procedure to remove selected Ca ex‐PA from the PPS; however, further research is needed.
Identification of the α2 chain of interleukin‐13 receptor as a potential biomarker for predicting castration resistance of prostate cancer using patient‐derived xenograft models
Authors: Nagai Takahiro , Terada Naoki , Fujii Masato , Nagata Yasuhisa , Nakahara Kozue , Mukai Shoichiro , Okasho Kosuke , Kamiyama Yuki , Akamatsu Shusuke , Kobayashi Takashi , Iida Kei , Denawa Masatsugu , Hagiwara Masatoshi , Inoue Takahiro , Ogawa Osamu , Kamoto Toshiyuki 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundSeveral treatment strategies use upfront chemotherapy or androgen receptor axis‐targeting therapies for metastatic prostate cancer. However, there are no useful biomarkers for selecting appropriate patients who urgently require these treatments.MethodsNovel patient‐derived xenograft (PDX) castration‐sensitive and ‐resistant models were established and gene expression patterns were comprehensively compared. The function of a gene highly expressed in the castration‐resistant models was evaluated by its overexpression in LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Protein expression in the tumors and serum of patients was examined by immunohistochemistry and ELISA, and correlations with castration resistance were analyzed.ResultsExpression of the α2 chain of interleukin‐13 receptor (IL13Rα2) was higher in castration‐resistant PDX tumors. LNCaP cells overexpressing IL13Rα2 acquired castration resistance in vitro and in vivo. In tissue samples, IL13Rα2 expression levels were significantly associated with castration‐resistant progression (p < 0.05). In serum samples, IL13Rα2 levels could be measured in 5 of 28 (18%) castration‐resistant prostate cancer patients.ConclusionIL13Rα2 was highly expressed in castration‐resistant prostate cancer PDX models and was associated with the castration resistance of prostate cancer cells. It might be a potential tissue and serum biomarker for predicting castration resistance in prostate cancer patients.
Object detection and multi‐object tracking based on optimized deep convolutional neural network and unscented Kalman filtering
Authors: Jaganathan Thirumalai , Panneerselvam Anandan , Kumaraswamy Senthil Kumar 
Published: August 2022

SummaryThe tracking of multiple objects has gained immense interest in several applications that ranges from video surveillance and robotics. The goal of tracking multiple objects is to discover correspondences and perform matching among various objects in frames. However, occlusion is a major issue in several classical techniques, which fail to track multiple moving objects. Here, the extraction of frames is done to obtain information about an action. Thereafter, the segmentation of objects is done using the entropy weighting K‐means (EWKM) algorithm to generate optimum segments from the frame. After that, the detection of the object is done using a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) to obtain objects from segments. Proposed Jaya‐political optimizer (Jaya‐PO) is used to train DCNN, which is devised by collaborating political optimizer (PO) and Jaya optimization algorithm. After detecting the object, the tracking of multiple objects is done using the proposed Henry gas solubility optimized unscented Kalman filtering (HGSO‐based UKF), wherein the UKF is modified with HGSO. The proposed Jaya‐PO‐based DCNN and HGSO‐based UKF outperformed other methods with high accuracy of 92%, high multiple object tracking precision (MOTP) of 87.6%, high sensitivity of 91.7%, and high specificity of 92%.
Insights on α‐Glucose Biosensors/Carriers Based on Boron‐Nitride Nanomaterials from an Atomistic and Electronic Point of View
Authors: Palomino‐Asencio Luz , Chigo‐Anota Ernesto , García‐Hernández Erwin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe interaction of α‐glucose with a BN‐nanosheet, BN‐nanotube, and BN‐fullerene, was analyzed from an atomistic and electronic point of view, to evaluate such nanostructures as possible carriers and/or biosensors of the α‐glucose molecule. Adsorption energies are in the range of physisorption (−0.79 eV to −0.91 eV) for the BN‐nanosheet and ‐nanotube, and chemisorption (−2.24 eV to −2.35 eV), for the BN‐fullerene. All systems, exhibit semiconductor‐like behavior and great stability according to |LUMO‐HOMO| energy gap [GapLH] and chemical potential values, respectively. For the BN‐nanosheet and ‐nanotube, the stabilization of the complexes is through hydrogen bonds, while for BN‐fullerene is through a covalent bond and charge transfer. Furthermore, the BN‐fullerene is able to dissociate the α‐glucose molecule, which could help to decomposer such a compound, and be used for biological applications. The data taking into consideration solvent effects have no significant impact with respect to gas phase, except in the dipole moment (Md) where we noticed an increase up to ∼45 %. Our results suggest that BN‐nanosheet and ‐nanotube, may act as biosensors, while BN‐fullerene, may serve as a carrier or degrader of the α‐glucose molecule.
Unravelling the Structure of Peroxides with Antiparasitic Activity: The Relative Impact of a Trioxolane or a Tetraoxane Pharmacophore on the Overall Molecular Structure
Authors: Amado Patrícia S. M. , Jesus A. J. Lopes , Paixão José A. , Fausto Rui , Cristiano Maria L. S. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPlasmodium falciparum artemisinin‐resistance boosted the quest for novel plasmodial “fast killers,” uncovering antimalarial candidates OZ439 and E209, whose peroxide precursors are 1,2,4‐trioxolane (1) and 1,2,4,5‐tetraoxane (2), differing solely in the pharmacophore (trioxolane or tetraoxane). Combining X‐ray crystallography and vibrational spectroscopy, along with Hirshfeld surface analysis and calculations (CE‐B3LYP/6‐31G(d,p)) of pairwise interaction energies of intermolecular contacts existing in the crystal structure, may deepen the understanding of relative reactivity and properties of these endoperoxides classes. In the crystal, the tetraoxane ring in 2 and the trioxolane‐adamantyl fragment in 1 are disordered, with molecules 1 and 2 existing as two distinct, stable conformations. Whereas the dominant C−H⋅⋅⋅O H‐bonds in 1 connect an adamantyl C−H and O1 or O2 of the trioxolane ring, in 2 they involve the carbonyl oxygen, acting as a double acceptor from phenyl ring C−H groups. C−H⋅⋅⋅O and C−H⋅⋅⋅π H‐bonds define the molecular packing of 2, while C−H⋅⋅⋅H−C van der Waals interactions determine the packing of 1. The dispersive component dominates the interaction energies calculated for the most representative molecular pairs.
Rapid determination of NSAIDs by capillary and microchip electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection in wastewater
Authors: Alatawi Hanan , Hogan Anna , Albalawi Ibtihaj , O'Sullivan‐Carroll Emma , Alsefri Samia , Wang Yineng , Moore Eric 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA simple, rapid method using CE and microchip electrophoresis with C4D has been developed for the separation of four nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the environmental sample. The investigated compounds were ibuprofen (IB), ketoprofen (KET), acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), and diclofenac sodium (DIC). In the present study, we applied for the first time microchip electrophoresis with C4D detection to the separation and detection of ASA, IB, DIC, and KET in the wastewater matrix. Under optimum conditions, the four NSAIDs compounds could be well separated in less than 1 min in a BGE composed of 20 mM His/15 mM Tris, pH 8.6, 2 mM hydroxypropyl‐beta‐cyclodextrin, and 10% methanol (v/v) at a separation voltage of 1000–1200 V. The proposed method showed excellent repeatability, good sensitivity (LODs ranging between 0.156 and 0.6 mg/L), low cost, high sample throughputs, portable instrumentation for mobile deployment, and extremely lower reagent and sample consumption. The developed method was applied to the analysis of pharmaceuticals in wastewater samples with satisfactory recoveries ranging from 62.5% to 118%.
Photovoltaic potential estimation for various surface components of urban residential buildings based on Industry Foundation Classes data
Authors: Lu Xiu , Li Guannan , Zhou Liangchen , Hao Lisha , Lv Guonian , Lin Bingxian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInstalling photovoltaic (PV) equipment on the building's surface reduces greenhouse gas emissions and additional land acquisition. However, existing methods for estimating PV potential primarily focus on roofs and the assessment of facades and windows is not detailed. This study proposes a method based on the Building Information Model and its standard Industry Foundation Classes to effectively estimate the potential area and location of PV modules on the building's surface and explore the PV potential in detail. The method was applied to residential buildings in Xinyi County, China, and the results show that the annual average energy generated through windows (47,589.793 kWh/year), roofs (141,126.304 kWh), and facades (284,060.393 kWh) constitute a significant amount, particularly the facades, which show significant potential as sources of solar electricity even under the influence of shadows. The rationality and feasibility of this method were verified by comparing it with ArcGIS and other relevant studies available in the literature. Next, we assessed whether the installation of PV panels on the building's surface still has certain operability under the serious shadows. For this purpose, a building with serious shadow shading was selected to analyze the demand and supply of energy. The electricity consumption of the selected building was found to be 131,785.898 kWh/year, which is significantly lower than PV potential (310,632.775 kWh/year), as calculated in this study. Thus, the efficient use of the building's surface for PV generation can meet not only the local electrical energy demand but also the excess energy generated can be sold for economic gain. The method proposed can provide new insights to energy software designers and developers, and the results can provide a reference for energy investors, building owners, and engineers to focus on the installation of PV panels on facades and windows, and formulate complex schemes of PV modules on different building components.
A combined flux reconstruction and lattice Boltzmann flux solver for inviscid compressible flow simulation
Authors: Qin Jian , Wu Jie , Gu Xiangyu , Ma Chao 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA numerical method, which combines the high order flux reconstruction (FR) and the lattice Boltzmann flux solver (LBFS), has been developed to solve inviscid compressible flows in this article. Extensive research has shown that LBFS has absorbed the advantages of both finite volume method (FVM) and lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). On one hand, compared with FVM, FR can achieve arbitrary high order accuracy and is compact for parallel computing by avoiding wide stencils on meshes, which shows FR is a better choice than FVM. On the other hand, different from the discrete velocity Boltzmann equation based methods, the present method, that is, FR‐LBFS, solves the Euler equations essentially, and then the calculation efficiency can be improved. In FR‐LBFS, the common inviscid flux at the cell interface is evaluated by the local reconstruction of the lattice Boltzmann equation (LBE) solution from macroscopic flow variables at solution points. Unlike the traditional flux solution at the interface where the nonlinear convective terms have to be considered in the computation, the feature of linear convection term in LBE can make it easier to calculate flux in the current method. Furthermore, by considering real physical effects in LBM, the positive density and pressure can be achieved in the case of strong shocks and discontinuities. Some typical inviscid problems, including the advection of density perturbation, sod shock tube, Riemann problem for two‐dimensional gas dynamics, supersonic flow in a convergent nozzle with a ramp, subsonic flow around a cylinder, and transonic flow over a NACA0012 airfoil, are simulated to demonstrate the accuracies and robustness of the proposed FR‐LBFS.
Nutrient and popping characteristics of Wyoming‐grown Peruvian popping beans
Authors: Bolak Justin , Gifford Cody , Rule Dan , Heitholt Jim , Keith Jill F. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAmerican consumers fall short of dietary fiber intake recommended by dietary guidelines. Beans provide protein and fiber, however, less than 14% of adults include them in their daily diets. Nuña beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), a class of common beans originated in South America and cultivated for growth in North America, possess a unique set of characteristics including flavor profile, popping ability, and nutrient content that may appeal to consumers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a unique line of Wyoming‐grown popping beans to (1) determine nutrient characteristics and (2) assess popping percentage and shelf stability. Crude protein content was determined for five lines grown in Wyoming utilizing the Dumas method for nitrogen quantification. Total fatty acid content and a fatty acid profile for one line (CO49957) was determined by gas–liquid chromatography. Popping percentage was assessed by heating beans in canola oil in a cast iron pan to induce popping. Storage duration impact on popping was evaluated on CO49957 at 6, 12, and 15 months after harvest. Crude protein content was significantly different between all five lines. Total fatty acid content of CO49957 averaged 2.90 g/100 g wet weight. Average fatty acid profile of CO49957 popped in canola oil comprised oleic acid (41.4%), linoleic acid (20.4%), α‐linolenic acid (18.6%), palmitic acid (10.4%), and stearic acid (2.23%). Popping percentage was 90% (baseline), 100% (6 months), 87% (12 months), and 80% (15 months). Popping beans provide plant‐based protein and fiber while maintaining adequate levels of popping percentage with prolonged storage.
Comparison of a multitarget blood test to ultrasound and alpha‐fetoprotein for hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance: Results of a network meta‐analysis
Authors: Singal Amit G. , Haaland Benjamin , Parikh Neehar D. , Ozbay A. Burak , Kirshner Carol , Chakankar Shubham , Porter Kyle , Chhatwal Jagpreet , Ayer Turgay 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Ultrasound‐based surveillance has suboptimal sensitivity for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with cirrhosis. There are several emerging alternatives, including a novel multitarget HCC blood test (Mt‐HBT). We compared performance of mt‐HBT against ultrasound with or without alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) for early HCC detection in patients with cirrhosis. Per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, two reviewers searched PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and clinicaltrials.gov databases from January 1990 through December 2020 to identify studies reporting sensitivity and/or specificity of ultrasound and AFP for overall and early stage HCC detection in patients with cirrhosis. Mt‐HBT diagnostic performance was derived from a clinical validation study. A network meta‐analysis model was built for comparative assessment, and pooled estimates of sensitivity at a fixed specificity were estimated based on Bayesian binormal receiver operating characteristic models for each modality. Forty‐one studies (comprising 62,517 patients with cirrhosis) met inclusion criteria. Ultrasound‐alone sensitivity was 51.6% (95% credible interval [CrI], 43.3%–60.5%) for early stage HCC detection, which increased with the addition of AFP to 74.1% (95% CrI, 62.6%–82.4%); however, this was offset by decreased specificity (87.9% vs. 83.9%, respectively). With specificity fixed at 90%, mt‐HBT sensitivity for early stage HCC detection was higher than ultrasound alone (18.2%; 95% CrI, 0.2%–37.7%) and similar to ultrasound with AFP (−3.3%; 95% CrI, −22.3%–17.4%). Pairwise posterior probabilities suggested a preference for mt‐HBT over ultrasound alone in 97.4% of cases but only 36.3% of cases versus ultrasound with AFP. Conclusion: A blood‐based mt‐HBT has higher sensitivity than ultrasound alone for early stage HCC detection but similar sensitivity compared to ultrasound and AFP. Mt‐HBT could be a comparable alternative to existing methods for HCC surveillance in patients who are at risk.