bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-invasive blood pressure estimation combining deep neural networks with pre-training and partial fine-tuning
Authors: Meng Ziyan , Yang Xuezhi , Liu Xuenan , Wang Dingliang , Han Xuesong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objective. Daily blood pressure (BP) monitoring is essential since BP levels can reflect the functions of heart pumping and vasoconstriction. Although various neural network-based BP estimate approaches have been proposed, they have certain practical shortcomings, such as low estimation accuracy and poor model generalization. Based on the strategy of pre-training and partial fine-tuning, this work proposes a non-invasive method for BP estimation using the photoplethysmography (PPG) signal. Approach. To learn the PPG-BP relationship, the deep convolutional bidirectional recurrent neural network (DC-Bi-RNN) was pre-trained with data from the public medical information mark for intensive care (MIMIC III) database. A tiny quantity of data from the target subject was used to fine-tune the specific layers of the pre-trained model to learn more individual-specific information to achieve highly accurate BP estimation. Main results. The mean absolute error and the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) of the proposed algorithm are 3.21 mmHg and 0.919 for systolic BP, and 1.80 mmHg and 0.898 for diastolic BP (DBP). The experimental results show that our method outperforms other methods and meets the requirements of the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation standard, and received an A grade according to the British Hypertension Society standard. Significance. The proposed method applies the strategy of pre-training and partial fine-tuning to BP estimation and verifies its effectiveness in improving the accuracy of non-invasive BP estimation.
Engineering the insulator-to-metal transition by tuning the population of dopant defects: first principles simulations of Se hyperdoped Si
Authors: Debernardi Alberto 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Chalcogens are extremely promising for hyperdoping Si because of their superior electronic properties with respect to group V elements of the periodic table traditionally employed as dopants. Within the framework of plane-wave pseudopotential techniques we computed the formation energy of different types of defects formed by dopants in Se-hyperdoped Si, as a function of the dopant concentration. Moreover, we studied the possibility of tailoring the electronic properties of the system, by tuning the probability that each type of defect can form. In particular, by using supercells exceeding thousands of atoms we characterized the double impurity band (IB) structure of

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complex, formed by a Si vacancy surrounded by three Se, which presents a shallow metallic IB and a deep insulating IB in the Si band gap, thus allowing sub-threshold photon absorption, and suggesting that a significant improvement in the performance of Se-hyperdoped Si as an infrared detector, can be achieved by increasing the population of

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complexes. Our findings relate the range of microscopic sizes in which dopants can diffuse to the population of different types of complexes, revealing the possibility of engineering the critical concentration at which the insulator-to-metal transition occurs by varying the diffusion length of the dopant. These results pave the way for the exploitation of Se-hyperdoped Si as a building block in newly conceived ultra-scaled nano-electronic devices, infra-red detectors and intermediate-band photovoltaic applications.
A semi-active toroidal TLCD for multidirectional vibration reduction of structures
Authors: Zhang Jian , Ding Hao , Wang Jin-Ting 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The toroidal tuned liquid column damper (TTLCD) is a recently developed device to mitigate multidirectional vibrations of structures. In this paper, a semi-active TTLCD (S-TTLCD), which can automatically identify the frequency change of structures and tune its natural frequency correctly by adjusting the liquid level, is proposed. The feasibility of the S-TTLCD is proved experimentally. The impacts of several important parameters, such as the multi-stage stiffness variation of structure, the pump flow rate, the mass ratio, and the damping ratio, on the performance of the S-TTLCD are evaluated numerically. The results confirm that the S-TTLCD is well adaptive and reduces the structural response more significantly when the structural natural frequency changes, compared to the passive TTLCD.
Superconductivity, generalized random phase approximation and linear scaling methods
Authors: Peotta Sebastiano 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The superfluid weight is an important observable of superconducting materials since it is related to the London penetration depth of the Meissner effect. It can be computed from the change in the grand potential (or free energy) in response to twisted boundary conditions in a torus geometry. Here we review the Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer mean-field theory emphasizing its origin as a variational approximation for the grand potential. The variational parameters are the effective fields that enter in the mean-field Hamiltonian, namely the Hartree–Fock potential and the pairing potential. The superfluid weight is usually computed by ignoring the dependence of the effective fields on the twisted boundary conditions. However, it has been pointed out in recent works that this can lead to unphysical results, particularly in the case of lattice models with flat bands. As a first result, we show that taking into account the dependence of the effective fields on the twisted boundary conditions leads in fact to the generalized random phase approximation. Our second result is providing the mean-field grand potential as an explicit function of the one-particle density matrix. This allows us to derive the expression for the superfluid weight within the generalized random phase approximation in a transparent manner. Moreover, reformulating mean-field theory as a well-posed minimization problem in terms of the one-particle density matrix is a first step towards the application to superconducting systems of the linear scaling methods developed in the context of electronic structure theory.
Strong surface termination dependence of the electronic structure of polar superconductor LaFeAsO revealed by nano-ARPES
Authors: Jung Sung Won , Rhodes Luke C , Watson Matthew D , Evtushinsky Daniil V , Cacho Cephise , Aswartham Saicharan , Kappenberger Rhea , Wurmehl Sabine , Büchner Bernd , Kim Timur K 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The electronic structures of the iron-based superconductors have been intensively studied by using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). A considerable amount of research has been focused on the LaFeAsO family, showing the highest transition temperatures, where previous ARPES studies have found much larger Fermi surfaces than bulk theoretical calculations would predict. The discrepancy has been attributed to the presence of termination-dependent surface states. Here, using photoemission spectroscopy with a sub-micron focused beam spot (nano-ARPES) we have successfully measured the electronic structures of both the LaO and FeAs terminations in LaFeAsO. Our data reveal very different band dispersions and core-level spectra for different surface terminations, showing that previous macro-focus ARPES measurements were incomplete. Our results give direct evidence for the surface-driven electronic structure reconstruction in LaFeAsO, including formation of the termination-dependent surface states at the Fermi level. This experimental technique, which we have shown to be very powerful when applied to this prototypical compound, can now be used to study various materials with different surface terminations.
Spatially resolved spectroscopy of alkali metal vapour diffusing inside hollow-core photonic crystal fibres
Authors: Häupl Daniel R , Weller Daniel , Löw Robert , Joly Nicolas Y 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We present a new type of compact and all-glass based vapour cell integrating hollow-core photonic crystal fibres. The absence of metals, as in a traditional vacuum chamber and the much more compact geometry allows for fast and homogeneous heating. As a consequence we can fill the fibres on much faster timescales, ranging from minutes to hours. Additionally the all-glass design ensures optical access along the fibre. This allows live monitoring of the diffusion of rubidium atoms inside the hollow-core by measuring the frequency-dependent fluorescence from the atoms. The atomic density is numerically retrieved using a five-level system of Bloch-equations.
High photon detection efficiency InGaAs/InP single photon avalanche diode at 250 K
Authors: He Tingting , Yang Xiaohong , Tang Yongsheng , Wang Rui , Liu Yijun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Planar semiconductor InGaAs/InP single photon avalanche diodes with high responsivity and low dark count rate are preferred single photon detectors in near-infrared communication. However, even with well-designed structures and well-controlled operational conditions, the performance of InGaAs/InP SPADs is limited by the inherent characteristics of avalanche process and the growth quality of InGaAs/InP materials. It is difficult to ensure high detection efficiency while the dark count rate is controlled within a certain range at present. In this paper, we fabricated a device with a thick InGaAs absorption region and an anti-reflection layer. The quantum efficiency of this device reaches 83.2%. We characterized the single-photon performance of the device by a quenching circuit consisting of parallel-balanced InGaAs/InP single photon detectors and single-period sinusoidal pulse gating. The spike pulse caused by the capacitance effect of the device is eliminated by using the characteristics of parallel balanced common mode signal elimination, and the detection of small avalanche pulse amplitude signal is realized. The maximum detection efficiency is 55.4% with a dark count rate of 43.8 kHz and a noise equivalent power of 6.96 × 10−17 W/Hz1/2 at 247 K. Compared with other reported detectors, this SPAD exhibits higher SPDE and lower noise-equivalent power at a higher cooling temperature.
Evaluating photosynthetic activity across Arctic-Boreal land cover types using solar-induced fluorescence
Authors: Cheng Rui , Magney Troy S , Orcutt Erica L , Pierrat Zoe , Köhler Philipp , Bowling David R , Bret-Harte M Syndonia , Euskirchen Eugénie S , Jung Martin , Kobayashi Hideki , Rocha Adrian V , Sonnentag Oliver , Stutz Jochen , Walther Sophia , Zona Donatella , Frankenberg Christian 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Photosynthesis of terrestrial ecosystems in the Arctic-Boreal region is a critical part of the global carbon cycle. Solar-induced chlorophyll Fluorescence (SIF), a promising proxy for photosynthesis with physiological insight, has been used to track gross primary production (GPP) at regional scales. Recent studies have constructed empirical relationships between SIF and eddy covariance-derived GPP as a first step to predicting global GPP. However, high latitudes pose two specific challenges: (a) Unique plant species and land cover types in the Arctic–Boreal region are not included in the generalized SIF-GPP relationship from lower latitudes, and (b) the complex terrain and sub-pixel land cover further complicate the interpretation of the SIF-GPP relationship. In this study, we focused on the Arctic-Boreal vulnerability experiment (ABoVE) domain and evaluated the empirical relationships between SIF for high latitudes from the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) and a state-of-the-art machine learning GPP product (FluxCom). For the first time, we report the regression slope, linear correlation coefficient, and the goodness of the fit of SIF-GPP relationships for Arctic-Boreal land cover types with extensive spatial coverage. We found several potential issues specific to the Arctic-Boreal region that should be considered: (a) unrealistically high FluxCom GPP due to the presence of snow and water at the subpixel scale; (b) changing biomass distribution and SIF-GPP relationship along elevational gradients, and (c) limited perspective and misrepresentation of heterogeneous land cover across spatial resolutions. Taken together, our results will help improve the estimation of GPP using SIF in terrestrial biosphere models and cope with model-data uncertainties in the Arctic-Boreal region.
Quantum-jump vs stochastic Schrödinger dynamics for Gaussian states with quadratic Hamiltonians and linear Lindbladians
Authors: Christie Robson , Eastman Jessica , Schubert Roman , Graefe Eva-Maria 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The dynamics of Gaussian states for open quantum systems described by Lindblad equations can be solved analytically for systems with quadratic Hamiltonians and linear Lindbladians, showing the familiar phenomena of dissipation and decoherence. It is well known that the Lindblad dynamics can be expressed as an ensemble average over stochastic pure-state dynamics, which can be interpreted as individual experimental implementations, where the form of the stochastic dynamics depends on the measurement setup. Here we consider quantum-jump and stochastic Schrödinger dynamics for initially Gaussian states. While both unravellings converge to the same Lindblad dynamics when averaged, the individual dynamics can differ qualitatively. For the stochastic Schrödinger equation, Gaussian states remain Gaussian during the evolution, with stochastic differential equations governing the evolution of the phase-space centre and a deterministic evolution of the covariance matrix. In contrast to this, individual pure-state dynamics arising from the quantum-jump evolution do not remain Gaussian in general. Applying results developed in the non-Hermitian context for Hagedorn wavepackets, we formulate a method to generate quantum-jump trajectories that is described entirely in terms of the evolution of an underlying Gaussian state. To illustrate the behaviours of the different unravellings in comparison to the Lindblad dynamics, we consider two examples in detail, which can be largely treated analytically, a harmonic oscillator subject to position measurement and a damped harmonic oscillator. In both cases, we highlight the differences as well as the similarities of the stochastic Schrödinger and the quantum-jump dynamics.
Effects of Bifidobacterium lactis HN019 and Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM on volatile sulfur compounds produced by oral anaerobes
Authors: Huang Peiqing , Yuan Shaotang , Xu Xin , Peng Xian 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Halitosis is a term that refers to an unpleasant or foul odor originating from oral cavity, which is mainly caused by volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) produced by oral anaerobes such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Treponema denticola and Prevotella intermedia. General therapies, such as tooth and tongue brushing or usage of bacteriostat can hardly provide a harmless and continuous therapeutic effect on halitosis. Recent evidence has suggested the potential clinical application value of probiotics in the treatment of halitosis. In this study, Bifidobacterium lactis HN019 and Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM were identified from four kinds of probiotics and the antimicrobial activities against pathogens related to halitosis and inhibitory effects on VSCs were investigated. The results showed that B. lactis HN019 and L. acidophilus NCFM exhibited superior bacteriostatic action against pathogens related to halitosis and showed remarkable inhibitory effect on the production and emission of VSCs. These findings suggest that B. lactis HN019 and L. acidophilus NCFM may serve as promising parts of a successful halitosis manage plan.
Sungai Subang Rehabilitation Methods towards a Liveable and Integrated Environment Approach
Authors: Malek Nurhayati Abdul , Ani Fairouz Che , Othman Noriah 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Ensure the availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all nations aim to the Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG) formed under the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The current United Nations (UN) report release stated that the UN targets all people to enjoy access to freshwater in its quality and quantity. Hence, achieving the goal is one of the significant challenges to all governments by 2030. In tandem with vast industrial development and an increase in its population, Malaysia is one of the developed countries facing water sufficiency issues regarding its quality and management. This study believes that poor water management, lack of public awareness, vast development, urbanisation, lack of integration, and a holistic approach are the leading causes of water quality depletion in Malaysia. Responding to the issues mentioned above, water sustainability approaches are believed to be one of the solutions to tackle the problems in this study. The data were gathered using qualitative methods of i) Document analysis and ii) Site inventory. It has taken place in Sg. Subang, one of the polluted rivers, and this project applied sustainable water approaches in its design to overcome the existing river issues. Hence, the river becomes part of the open spaces to serve the nearby residence.
Assessment for Local Road Scenic Routes Conservation - Tanjung Karang to Sabak Bernam
Authors: Ismail Junairiza , Misni Alamah 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Nowadays, many people are interested in using the highway rather than using the local road to go to their destination. The roads have many interesting points that can attract road users to use the road. Still, the road user did not consider the existing natural and cultural landscape as one of the attractions in the area. It can make the loss of the value of the natural and artistic at the location. This study was conducted to identify the scenic view observable along the scenic route and the influence on the road user along the Tanjung Karang to Sabak Bernam road. The study had used the mixed-method, which is qualitative and quantitative. The scenic routes provided access to people to go to the natural and cultural features. Besides that, it also identifies the road that will intrigue the road user according to the uniqueness, naturalness, vividness, attractiveness and unity of the study area.
Understanding local community and the cultural heritage values at a World Heritage City: a grounded theory approach
Authors: Bakri Aidatul Fazlin , Zaman Nurulhusna Qamaruz , Kamarudin Hikmah 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The nomination of a World Heritage site generally focuses on the tangible heritage assets, and intangible heritage is given less attention in the site management. There is also a lack of awareness of the complicated relationship between tangible and intangible heritage assets, the meanings and values of the site to its local community, and the complexity of space in the World Heritage Site in the management of cultural heritage sites. This paper discusses grounded theory to investigate the relationship between local communities and their cultural heritage in George Town World Heritage Site, Malaysia. The methodology employed an ethnographic approach for the observational work and semi-structured interviews. The findings demonstrate a deep and rich knowledge of the links between the World Heritage designation and its local communities, including how local people interact and contribute meaning to the site. This study may encourage other researchers to apply grounded theory to understand social phenomena on other World Heritage Sites of similar context for heritage management purposes.
A Study on the indoor air quality (IAQ) at primary school in Industrial Area: A case study to Sekolah Kebangsaan Pasir Gudang 3(SKPG3)
Authors: Mohamad Nor Zaki Natasya Kamilia , Ahmad Bari Nor Azmi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractExisting research has shown that numerous air contaminants are present in classrooms, sometimes in high concentrations, which may have an impact on children’s health and academic performance. In order to create a safe, healthy, productive, and comfortable atmosphere for students, instructors, and other school personnel, schools must have good indoor air quality. This study has assessed the current IAQ’s level at selected school in one of the industrial areas in Johor Bahru, which is Pasir Gudang. To measure the quality of the indoor air parameters, three chemical substances which are Formaldehyde (HCHO), Total Volatile Organic Compound (TVOC) and Particulate Matter (PM) in the classroom were assessed. Besides that, this study also analyzed the temperature and relative humidity of the classroom surrounding. Furthermore, the students’ insight on the impact of IAQ parameters towards their class performances were also explored using questionnaire survey. It was found that physical parameters of the classroom were in good state, but the relative humidity percentage range was too high. Meanwhile, on the chemical contaminants, the measurement shows that the concentration of PM, HCHO and TVOC for the classroom are still in the permissible exposure range. In the end, some suggestions have been made to provide good indoor quality in the classroom by emphasizing proper design, construction, and ongoing maintenance procedures.
Successful Park Characteristics and Users’ Behavior: An Experience of Perdana Botanical Garden, Kuala Lumpur
Authors: Hashim Nur Idzhainee , Mohd Hashim Nor Hanisah , MohdNasir Nurul Akmaniza , Mohd Soliheen Siti Syahirah 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A successful park characteristic includes four crucial indicators; access and linkages, comfort, and image, users and activities and sociability. Good accessibility and well connected are important factors that urban park should have in order to expand its values and encourage social interaction among visitors. The result of this study proved that urban park characteristics such as adequate accessibility, be able to foster good sociability, offers comfort while being in the park and variety of uses and activities contributes to the successful of an urban park.
Preferred green home features by potential buyers in Sibu Sarawak
Authors: Wong Shi Yee , Wong Sing Sing , Palis Prescilla Anak 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Green concept was gaining attention since 1960s, with research and development initiatives been allocated to ensure its evolvement, for enhancing the minimization on the impact of global warming and greenhouse gases emissions. Enormous green home features be introduced worldwide, but such features were not collated into a single piece of information, and the preference of home buyers varies according to the culture, living environment, and personal preferences. This research aims to examine the relative importance of green home features to potential home buyers in Sibu, Sarawak. Purposive and random sampling methods were adopted as the participants need to meet the requirement of having intention to purchase a house in Sibu in the next five years. Quantitative online questionnaire survey was distributed to the potential home buyers with 118 valid responses returned (response rate 29.57%). The results indicated that air quality, energy saving lighting, and energy efficient air conditioner were the three most preferred features by the respondents. This research could contribute to the knowledge gap of the preferred green home features by the potential home buyers in Sibu, and hence, serve as a piece of supporting document to the developers, to meet buyers’ demand and further increase the supply of green home in Sibu.