bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revisiting electricity consumption-led growth hypothesis: Why is the rule defied in France?
Authors: RAFINDADI Abdulkadir Abdulrashid , ALIYU Isah Buhari , Usman Ojonugwa 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Recent economics literature emphasises the inextricable link between economic prosperity and efficient energy supply and consumption, arguing vehemently that much of today's prosperity is predicated on secure and reliable energy use and that modern industry would grind to a halt without the necessary energy infrastructure. France is an example of an advanced country with enormous energy infrastructure, the world's second largest behind the United States. France's economic growth has been rather sluggish in recent years, despite its robust and efficient energy production and consumption. The current study analyses empirically whether France's current sustainable energy use defies the theoretical and empirical frameworks made by top energy economists. To achieve robust results, the extended Cobb-Douglas production model was applied to a time series data spanning the years 1961–2015. The Zivot-Andrews trended and de-trended structural break tests, as well as Autoregressive Distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing were employed to analyse the data. The findings of this study demonstrate that France's economic growth is stimulated by financial development, electricity usage, capital, import, and export. The study sheds light on the feedback impact between economic growth and power usage as well as capital and economic growth. With these findings, we argue that it is not electricity that has ceased to serve a functional purpose in France, but a lack of entrepreneurial innovative capacity to create factors that require an infinite horizon for the continued use of electricity energy seems to be impeding the country's economic growth potential, among other things.
Multi-target position servo control of hydractive suspension based on extended state observer
Authors: Liu Shuang , Zou Xubin , Zheng Tian , Wang Wenbo , Yang Zhihang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a sliding mode adaptive controller is designed for the half-vehicle active suspension model , which can ensure the safety of the vehicle and effectively improve the driving comfort.The nonlinear hydraulic cylinder actuator is added to the established model. The uncertainty of the model includes the mass parameters of the vehicle body, the unknown friction between the system components and the unmodeled dynamics of the suspension system. The control law combines the sliding mode and adaptive algorithm to estimate the uncertain parameters of the vehicle body model. The design of the extended state observer can effectively approach the unmeasurable states such as the vertical acceleration of the wheel and the pressure in the rod cavities on both sides, so that the control method is more practical.The simulation results show that the designed sliding mode adaptive controller can effectively suppress the nonlinear interference signal, which can not only ensure the safety performance , but also greatly improve the ride comfort of the vehicle. Compared with the traditional backstepping adaptive control, the control effect of this control strategy is better when there is large external interference.
Amyloid-beta and tau pathologies act synergistically to induce novel disease stage-specific microglia subtypes
Authors: Kim Dong Won , Tu Kevin , Wei Alice , Lau Ashley , Gonzalez-Gil Anabel , Cao Tiaoyu , Braunstein Kerstin , Ling Jonathan , Troncoso Juan , Wong Philip , Blackshaw Seth , Schnaar Ronald , Li Tong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Amongst risk alleles associated with late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD), those that converged on the regulation of microglia activity have emerged as central to disease progression. Yet, how canonical amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau pathologies regulate microglia subtypes during the progression of AD remains poorly understood.
Methods
We use single-cell RNA-sequencing to profile microglia subtypes from mice exhibiting both Aβ and tau pathologies across disease progression. We identify novel microglia subtypes that are induced in response to both Aβ and tau pathologies in a disease stage-specific manner. To validate the observation in AD mouse models, we also generated snRNA-Seq dataset from the human superior frontal gyrus (SFG) and entorhinal cortex (ERC) at different Braak stages.
Results
We show that during early-stage disease, interferon signalling induces a subtype of microglia termed Early-stage AD-Associated Microglia (EADAM) in response to both Aβ and tau pathologies. During late-stage disease, a second microglia subtype termed Late-stage AD-Associated Microglia (LADAM) is detected. While similar microglia subtypes are observed in other models of neurodegenerative disease, the magnitude and composition of gene signatures found in EADAM and LADAM are distinct, suggesting the necessity of both Aβ and tau pathologies to elicit their emergence. Importantly, the pattern of EADAM- and LADAM-associated gene expression is observed in microglia from AD brains, during the early (Braak II)- or late (Braak VI/V)- stage of the disease, respectively. Furthermore, we show that several Siglec genes are selectively expressed in either EADAM or LADAM. Siglecg is expressed in white-matter-associated LADAM, and expression of Siglec-10, the human orthologue of Siglecg, is progressively elevated in an AD-stage-dependent manner but not shown in non-AD tauopathy.
Conclusions
Using scRNA-Seq in mouse models bearing amyloid-β and/or tau pathologies, we identify novel microglia subtypes induced by the combination of Aβ and tau pathologies in a disease stage-specific manner. Our findings suggest that both Aβ and tau pathologies are required for the disease stage-specific induction of EADAM and LADAM. In addition, we revealed Siglecs as biomarkers of AD progression, and potential therapeutic targets.
Association between the epidemiological situation of COVID-19 and the armed conflict in Ukraine: a mathematical modeling approach
Authors: Atchadé Mintodê Nicodème , Agossou Onésime 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This paper investigates a mathematical model for the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the context of the Ukrainian crisis by considering a population of six (06) compartments: Susceptible, Exposed, Known Infected, Unknown Infected, Recovered, Deaths. This model is used to simulate the propagation of COVID-19 in Ukraine during and after the Ukrainian conflict. The findings revealed that during the conflict the number of infected in Ukraine will increase significantly more than if the world had no known that conflict. The infected for most will not be detected in the period of the conflict. An increase of infected people will occur in undetected infected group while in known infected compartment, this will not be observed. Furthermore, at the end of the conflict, the unknown infected will be tested leading to a brutal increasing of number of infected detected in the population.
Estimation of Energy Consumption by Theoretical Calculations and Iot Based Approach in Machining Process
Authors: Hasabnis Aditya , Kulkarni Harshal , Marimuthu Boopathi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The machining process plays an integral role in the manufacturing and machining industry. A considerable amount of energy is consumed by the machine shops for material removal processes. Through a digital twin-based experimentation approach using Thing Worx, we have focused on determining a theoretical calculation to determine the exact amount of energy consumption during the material removal process. We have considered three models for machining operations i.e., Turning, Facing and grooving (undercut operation). We are calculating the power consumption by considering two variable parameters a) Cutting speed and b) Material Removal rate (MRR). Adding to that, we have also demonstrated a simulation using Autodesk Fusion 360 for the energy estimation for different cases. This IoT-based approach will convert conventional shop floors into smart shop floors as per Industry 4.0. This IoT-based prediction will help machine shops develop potential ways to save energy costs. We have considered different machining parameters (tools, material, geometry of the job, etc.) for better and more accurate results.
Terahertz cyclotron emission of two-dimensional Dirac fermions
Authors: Gebert Sebastian , Consejo Christophe , Krishtopenko Sergey , Ruffenach Sandra , Szola Maria , Torres Jeremie , Bray Cedric , Jouault Benoit , Orlita Milan , Baudry Xavier , Ballet Philippe , Morozov Sergey , Gavrilenko Vladimir , Mikhailov Nikolai , Dvoretskii Sergei , Teppe Frederic 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Since the emergence of graphene, we have seen several proposals for the realization of Landau lasers tunable over the terahertz frequency range. The hope was that the non-equidistance of the Landau levels from Dirac fermions would suppress the harmful non-radiative Auger recombination. Unfortunately, even with this non-equidistance an unfavorable non-radiative process persists in Landau-quantized graphene, and so far no cyclotron emission from Dirac fermions has been reported. One way to eliminate this last non-radiative process is to sufficiently modify the dispersion of the Landau levels by opening a small gap in the linear band structure. A proven example of such gapped graphene-like materials are HgTe quantum wells close to the topological phase transition. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate Landau emission from Dirac fermions in such HgTe quantum wells, where the emission is tunable by both the magnetic field and the carrier concentration. Consequently, these results represent an advance in the realization of terahertz Landau lasers tunable by magnetic field and gate-voltage.
Metabolomics and transcriptomics reveal the effect of hetero-chitooligosaccharides in promoting growth of Brassica napus
Authors: TANG Chao , ZHAI Yang , WANG Zhuo , ZHAO Xing , YANG Chen , ZHAO Yong , ZENG Liang-bin , ZHANG De-yong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The hetero-chitooligosaccharide (HTCOS) are a naturally occurring biopolymer in the exoskeleton of crustaceans and insects. Although some studies have been carried out on HTCOS in inducing plant resistance and promoting growth, the molecular regulated of HTCOS in plant is not clear. In this study, an integrated analysis of metabolomics and transcriptomics was performed to analyze the response of Brassica napus to hetero-chitooligosaccharides treatment. The levels of 26 metabolites in B. napus were significantly changed under the HTCOS treatment. Amongst these metabolites, 9 metabolites were significantly up-regulated, such as pentonic acid, indole-3-acetate, and γ-aminobutyricacid. Transcriptome data showed that there were 817 significantly up-regulated genes and 1064 significantly down-regulated genes in B. napus under heterotypic chitosan treatment. Interestingly, the content of indole-3-acetate (IAA) under the HTCOS treatment was about five times higher than that under the control condition. Moreover, four genes related to plant hormone signal transduction, three AUX/IAA genes, and one ARF gene, were significantly up-regulated under the HTCOS treatment. Furthermore, the plant height, branching number, and biomass of B. napus under the HTCOS treatment were significantly increased compared to that in the control condition. This evidence indicated that the HTCOS treatment contributed to accumulating the content of plant hormone IAA in the B. napus, up-regulating the expression of key genes in the signaling pathway of plant growth, and improving the agronomic traits of B. napus.
Correlation between Earnings Management and Financial Distress among Selected Firms in Kenya
Authors: Kamau Charles Guandaru , Banafa Abdulkadir Ali , Kariuki Samuel Nduati 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
This paper evaluates the link between earnings management and financial distress among listed firms in Kenya. Earnings management is the use of accounting practices to prepare financial statements that portray a company's business activity and financial status in an unrealistically favorable manner. On the other hand, financial distress is when an organization's revenues or income no longer satisfy its financial obligations, resulting in bankruptcy and possible dissolution.
Results
The assessment compares the modified Jones score, which is commonly used to measure discretionary accruals, with Altman’s Z score, which measures the degree of financial distress. The earnings management and financial distress. The selected firms under this study are known to be financially distressed as per the publicly available information. The hypothesis tests express whether a correlation exists between earnings management and financial distress. The result also highlights the level of significance of the effect of earnings management on financial distress.
Conclusion
The study concludes that there is some moderate probability that a financially distressed firm is likely to practice earnings management. On the other hand, there is a moderate likelihood that firms that practice earnings management may face financial distress at some point. Earnings management is not necessarily practiced to camouflage financial distress, but that does not mean that it cannot happen. On the other hand, financial distress is not an indicator of earnings management and vice versa.
Urban agglomerations and innovation in developing economies
Authors: Estrin Saul , Shapiro Daniel , Hu Yuan , Zhang Peng 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Theory and evidence from developed economies suggests that innovation activities benefit from agglomeration economies in cities. However, whether the same is true of developing countries has not been investigated by large-scale cross-country analysis, despite the fact that eighteen of the world’s top twenty cities by population are in developing countries. We argue that the development path followed by developing countries creates agglomeration costs that may offset the benefits. Hence innovative activity may eventually decline as urban density increases. We build a unique cross-country database where for the first time both urban density and innovation are measured consistently across a large set of developing countries. We find that in developing countries, innovation first increases and then begins to decrease beyond a certain point. The declining part is the most prominent in largest cities. Thus, cities in developing countries follow very different patterns of agglomeration from those in developed countries. Policies based on the experience of developed countries might not adequately reduce agglomeration costs in developing countries, and therefore new policies are required to support innovation.
Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging of the coronary sinus: a retrospective analysis of mid-esophageal views and a novel transgastric view
Authors: Chen Tzonghuei H , Hayward Geoffrey , Apruzzese Patricia , Maslow Andrew 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Transesophageal echocardiographic imaging plays an important role in assessing coronary sinus anatomy prior to placement of a retrograde cardioplegia cannula. The coronary sinus can be imaged in the long axis by advancing the TEE probe from the mid-esophageal 4-chamber view or using a modified mid-esophageal bicaval view, while a short axis view can be obtained in the mid-esophageal 2-chamber view. While use of a transgastric view is only briefly mentioned in the literature as an alternative to mid-esophageal views, the authors commonly include it in our comprehensive transesophageal echocardiographic exam of the coronary sinus. This study examines the various imaging strategies. We hypothesize that the transgastric view offers comparable coronary sinus imaging to the mid-esophageal views.
Methods
After approval by our institutional review board, the intraoperative transesophageal echocardiographic exams for 50 consecutive elective cardiac surgical patients with a comprehensive echocardiographic assessment of the coronary sinus were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed to evaluate imaging of the coronary sinus in the various views. For each view, we noted and recorded if the coronary sinus and coronary sinus cannula were visualized. Statistical analysis required pairwise comparisons between each of the 4 views. P values were calculated using McNemar’s Exact test.
Results
Both the coronary sinus and coronary sinus cannula were visualized a majority of the time for each view. There was no statistically significant difference between each view in its ability to visualize the coronary sinus, nor was there a statistically significant difference between each view in its ability to visualize the coronary sinus cannula.
Conclusions
Use of a transgastric window provides the echocardiographer with an effective alternate modality for imaging the coronary sinus when mid-esophageal views are limited.
Global warming may significantly increase anemia burden among children under five years in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Zhu Yixiang , He Cheng , Gasparrini Antonio , Vicedo-Cabrera Ana , Bachwenkizi Jovine , Liu Cong , Zhou Lu , Kan Lena , Chen Renjie , Kan Haidong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
It remains unknown whether global warming may have impact on childhood anemia, especially in low-income and middle-income countries (LMIC). We projected childhood anemia cases attributable to climate change in sub-Saharan Africa using anthropometric data of children under 5 years from 26 countries and an ensemble of high-resolution climate change simulations. Compared with the baseline period, the childhood anemia cases attributable to climate change would increase 6,754 cases per 100,000 person-year under the SSP5-8.5 scenario in 2090s, which would be almost 2-fold and over 3-fold more than those in SSP2-4.5 and SSP1-2.6 scenarios. This multi-country study presented the first-hand evidence on significantly increased burden of childhood anemia attributable to global warming in sub-Saharan Africa. The result revealed the vulnerabilities and inequalities of children in climate-sensitive regions, and highlighted the importance of mitigation and adaptation strategies to reduce the impact of global warming, especially among vulnerable subgroups.
Quantum positioning and ranging via a distributed sensor network
Authors: Sun Xiaocong , Li Wei , Tian Yuhang , Li Fan , Tian Long , Wang Yajun , Zheng Yaohui , Peng Kunchi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Quantum sensor network with multipartite entanglement offers a sensitivity advantage in optical phase estimation over classical scheme. In order to tackle richer sensing problems, we construct a distributed sensor network with four nodes via four partite entanglements, unveil the estimation of the higher order derivative of radio-frequency signal phase, and unlock the potential of quantum target ranging and space positioning. Therefore, taking phased-array radar as an example, we demonstrate the optimal quantum advantages for space positioning and target ranging missions. Without doubt, the demonstration that endows innovative physical conception opens up a widespread application of quantum sensor network.
Shared binding modes of M3 muscarinic agonists and antagonists may incentivize development of novel IOP-reducing drugs: findings from in-silico assays
Authors: Kim Minjae J. , Jablonski Monica M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (M3R) are G-protein-coupled receptors expressed in the ciliary muscle. Pilocarpine, an M3R agonist, reduces intraocular pressure (IOP) by causing contraction of the ciliary muscle, which leads to widening of the spaces in the trabecular meshwork and facilitates aqueous humor flow out of the eye. Despite their IOP-reducing potentials, there are only four M3R agonists that have been FDA-approved, and the chemical features that differentiate agonists from antagonists are poorly understood. In this study, we created a homology model of human M3R (hM3R) to analyze the binding modes that differentiate M3R agonists from antagonists, using such in-silico assays as high-throughput virtual screening and molecular dynamics. Our in-silico results suggest that a nitrogen ring with a positive charge is crucial for forming cation-π exchange with hM3R, regardless of agonism or antagonism. However, we discovered π-π stacking exchange that is exclusively found among M3R antagonists. Structural analysis suggests that this π-π stacking exchange leads to structural changes in one of the α-helices and causes instability in the cytoplasmic domain, where G protein interactions occur. Together, these finding may prove useful in developing drugs that not only target but also selectively agonize hM3R to reduce IOP in glaucoma patients.
Enhanced therapeutic effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles within Chitosan Hydrogel in the treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Authors: Yang Shuangshuang , Chen Siyu , Lin Chunyuan , Zhao Xiaohui , Tan Yi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) have emerged as promising cell-free therapy candidates in various diseases, including chronic cutaneous wounds. The goal of this study was to create a safe and efficient method for large-scale production of MSC-derived EVs and establish an EVs identification protocol to advance the clinical application of EVs in wound therapy. Methods: Polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation and ultracentrifugation were used to isolate EVs from the culture supernatant of UC-MSCs. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Western blot, and a high-sensitivity flow cytometer (HSFCM) were used to examine the size distribution, particle concentration, and phenotype of EVs. Chitosan hydrogel-EVs were created to improve the use of EVs in wound treatment by incorporating EVs into chitosan hydrogel (CS-EVs). The Transwell method was used to assess the release behavior and uptake dynamics of EVs from chitosan hydrogel in vitro. The scratch wound assay and tube formation assay were used to determine whether EVs altered the migration and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Every five days, CS-EVs were transplanted onto the wound site of a diabetic rat model. On days 0, 5, 10, and 20 following surgery, wound healing processes were graphically recorded and evaluated. Finally, after 15 days of surgery, all rats were sacrificed, and the wound skin was collected for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Results: The majority of the EVs obtained in our protocol had a cup-shaped or round-shaped morphology with a diameter of about 80 nm. CD9, CD63, and CD81 were all found. In the experiment, the chitosan hydrogel was liquid at 4 °C and was gelatinized for 10 minutes at 37 °C. The CS-EVs continuously released EVs into the environment, and the EVs released by the CS-EVs were internalized by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), resulting in significant cell migration and angiogenesis promotion. Furthermore, we discovered that CS-EVs have a good therapeutic function in the promotion of wound healing in a rat model of diabetic foot ulcers. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that PEG precipitation and ultracentrifugation can be used to isolate EVs on a large scale. Chitosan hydrogel-EVs (CS-EVs) were formed by incorporating EVs into chitosan hydrogels, which is an effective application scheme for EVs in wound therapy. Overall, our research could help with the purification, characterization, and application of EVs in wound care.