bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Infiltrating natural killer cells bind, lyse and increase chemotherapy efficacy in glioblastoma stem-like tumorospheres
Authors: Breznik Barbara , Ko Meng-Wei , Tse Christopher , Chen Po-Chun , Senjor Emanuela , Majc Bernarda , Habič Anamarija , Angelillis Nicolas , Novak Metka , Župunski Vera , Mlakar Jernej , Nathanson David , Jewett Anahid 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGlioblastomas remain the most lethal primary brain tumors. Natural killer (NK) cell-based therapy is a promising immunotherapeutic strategy in the treatment of glioblastomas, since these cells can select and lyse therapy-resistant glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSLCs). Immunotherapy with super-charged NK cells has a potential as antitumor approach since we found their efficiency to kill patient-derived GSLCs in 2D and 3D models, potentially reversing the immunosuppression also seen in the patients. In addition to their potent cytotoxicity, NK cells secrete IFN-γ, upregulate GSLC surface expression of CD54 and MHC class I and increase sensitivity of GSLCs to chemotherapeutic drugs. Moreover, NK cell localization in peri-vascular regions in glioblastoma tissues and their close contact with GSLCs in tumorospheres suggests their ability to infiltrate glioblastoma tumors and target GSLCs. Due to GSLC heterogeneity and plasticity in regards to their stage of differentiation personalized immunotherapeutic strategies should be designed to effectively target glioblastomas.
The dynamical complexity of seasonal soundscapes is governed by fish chorusing
Authors: Siddagangaiah Shashidhar , Chen Chi-Fang , Hu Wei-Chun , Farina Almo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPassive acoustic monitoring technology can depict underwater soundscapes, yet phenological and seasonal patterns and shifts in soundscapes are still poorly understood. Here we analyse the seasonal soundscape in the Eastern Taiwan Strait in 2017 using nonlinear dynamical complexity modelling. We find an annual phenology of fish chorusing that begins in spring, and peaks in summer before beginning to subside in autumn and becoming silent in winter. During spring and summer, the soundscape exhibited significantly higher complexity and predictability than in autumn and winter, due to the presence of regular fish chorusing. Soundscape dynamics shifted from being nonlinear in spring and summer to being linear and stochastic in autumn and winter. Our findings suggest that soundscapes could be used to measure phenological patterns and seasonal shifts in marine species behaviour. We propose that monitoring soundscapes could help assess the long-term health of marine ecosystems under environmental and climatic change.
Is It Okay to Use Compressed NU-6 Files for Clinical Word Recognition Testing?
Authors: Mueller H. Gustav , Rokuson Jodi , Ricketts Todd , Dietrich Mary S. , Hornsby Benjamin W. Y. 
Published: May 2022

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of file compression on clinically measured word recognition scores obtained using the Northwestern University Test Number Six (NU-6; Auditec recording) materials.

Method:

Participants were 86 adults (
N
= 170 ears;
M
age
= 65.5). The 25 most difficult words from each of four NU-6 test lists were used to measure word recognition. Two lists were compressed using a freely available Advanced Audio Coding compression algorithm and two were not. Word recognition was measured in each ear using one compressed file and one uncompressed file. Percent correct scores were calculated in each test condition and log transformed for analyses. Clinically meaningful differences between uncompressed and compressed scores were examined using 95% critical difference ranges. The effects of file compression on word recognition scores were examined in the context of multiple potential confounding effects, including age and degree of hearing loss, using linear mixed-effects models (LMMs).

Results:
Differences between compressed and uncompressed scores in a given ear exceeded the 95% critical difference range in about 7% of cases, approximating the 5% of expected cases occurring due to chance. Likewise, LMM results revealed no significant effect of file compression on clinically measured NU-6 word recognition scores and no significant interactions between compression effects and age or degree of hearing loss.

Conclusions:
While the original uncompressed audio files are clearly the most appropriate stimuli for clinical purposes, our study results suggest that file compression, even at an aggressive 64 kilobits per second, does not have a statistically significant, or clinically meaningful, effect on word recognition scores when measured using these Auditec materials.
Effect of Electrode Montage on 500-Hz Tone Burst Evoked Masseter Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential
Authors: Thirusangu Vinayagar Pazhani , Sinha Sujeet Kumar 
Published: May 2022

Purpose:
Masseter vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) are short-latency myogenic responses obtained in response to electric or acoustic stimulation. It is a relatively newer test that helps assess the vestibulo-trigeminal pathway, thereby gaining more interest in brainstem pathologies like Parkinsonism, multiple sclerosis, and idiopathic random eye movement disorders. The purpose of the study was to compare the effect of zygomatic versus mandibular reference montage on the latency and amplitude of masseter VEMP (mVEMP) using a 500-Hz tone burst stimulus.

Method:
Twenty healthy participants in the age range of 18–29 years, with no complaints of vestibular signs and symptoms, were recruited for the study. VEMP was recorded for all the participants using 500-Hz tone burst stimuli in zygomatic electrode montage and mandibular electrode montage. mVEMP was recorded in both ipsilateral and contralateral modes.

Results:

The Wilcoxon signed-ranks test revealed no significant difference between the zygomatic and mandibular montage for both the latency and amplitude parameters (
p
> .05).

Conclusions:
This study revealed no significant difference in p11 and n21 latencies as well as p11-n21 rectified amplitude between zygomatic and mandibular montage using a 500-Hz tone burst stimulus in young adults. Hence, utilizing a 500-Hz tone burst, mVEMP can be recorded in zygomatic and mandibular electrode montage.
A census of young stellar objects in two line-of-sight star-forming regions toward IRAS 22147+5948 in the outer Galaxy
Authors: Karska Agata , Koprowski Maciej , Solarz Aleksandra , Szczerba Ryszard , Sewiło Marta , Siódmiak Natasza , Elia Davide , Gawroński Marcin , Grzesiak Konrad , Yung Bosco H. K. , Fischer William J. , Kristensen Lars E. 
Published: May 2022

Context. Star formation in the outer Galaxy, namely, outside of the Solar circle, has not been extensively studied in part due to the low CO brightness of the molecular clouds linked with the negative metallicity gradient. Recent infrared surveys provide an overview of dust emission in large sections of the Galaxy, but they suffer from cloud confusion and poor spatial resolution at far-infrared wavelengths.
Aims. We aim to develop a methodology to identify and classify young stellar objects (YSOs) in star-forming regions in the outer Galaxy and use it to resolve a long-standing disparity in terms of the distance and evolutionary status of IRAS 22147+5948.
Methods. We used a support vector machine learning algorithm to complement standard color–color and color–magnitude diagrams in our search for YSOs in the IRAS 22147 region, based on publicly available data from the Spitzer Mapping of the Outer Galaxy survey. The agglomerative hierarchical clustering algorithm was used to identify clusters. Then the physical properties of individual YSOs were calculated. The distances were determined using CO 1–0 from the Five College Radio Astronomy Observatory survey.
Results. We identified 13 Class I and 13 Class II YSO candidates using the color-color diagrams, along with an additional 2 and 21 sources, respectively, using the applied machine learning techniques. The spectral energy distributions of 23 sources were modeled with a star and a passive disk, corresponding to Class II objects. The models of three sources include envelopes that are typical for Class I objects. The objects were grouped into two clusters located at a distance of ~2.2 kpc and 5 clusters at ~5.6 kpc. The spatial extent of CO, radio continuum, and dust emission confirms the origin of YSOs in two distinct star-forming regions along a similar line of sight.
Conclusions. The outer Galaxy may serve as a unique laboratory for exploring star formation across environments, on the condition that complementary methods and ancillary data are used to properly account for cloud confusion and distance uncertainties.
Methanol masers in NGC 253 with ALCHEMI
Authors: Humire P. K. , Henkel C. , Hernández-Gómez A. , Martín S. , Mangum J. , Harada N. , Muller S. , Sakamoto K. , Tanaka K. , Yoshimura Y. , Nakanishi K. , Mühle S. , Herrero-Illana R. , Meier D. S. , Caux E. , Aladro R. , Mauersberger R. , Viti S. , Colzi L. , Rivilla V. M. , Gorski M. , Menten K. M. , Huang K.-Y. , Aalto S. , van der Werf P. P. , Emig K. L. 
Published: May 2022

Context. Methanol masers of Class I (collisionally pumped) and Class II (radiatively pumped) have been studied in great detail in our Galaxy in a variety of astrophysical environments such as shocks and star-forming regions and are they are helpful to analyze the properties of the dense interstellar medium. However, the study of methanol masers in external galaxies is still in its infancy.
Aims. Our main goal is to search for methanol masers in the central molecular zone (CMZ; inner 500 pc) of the nearby starburst galaxy NGC 253.
Methods. Covering a frequency range between 84 and 373 GHz (λ = 3.6–0.8 mm) at high angular (1.″6 ∼ 27 pc) and spectral (∼8–9 km s−1) resolution with ALCHEMI (ALMA Comprehensive High-resolution Extragalactic Molecular Inventory), we have probed different regions across the CMZ of NGC 253. In order to look for methanol maser candidates, we employed the rotation diagram method and a set of radiative transfer models.
Results. We detect for the first time masers above 84 GHz in NGC 253, covering an ample portion of the J−1 → (J − 1)0 − E line series (at 84, 132, 229, and 278 GHz) and the J0 → (J − 1)1 − A series (at 95, 146, and 198 GHz). This confirms the presence of the Class I maser line at 84 GHz, which was already reported, but now being detected in more than one location. For the J−1 → (J− 1)0 − E line series, we observe a lack of Class I maser candidates in the central star-forming disk.
Conclusions. The physical conditions for maser excitation in the J−1 → (J − 1)0 − E line series can be weak shocks and cloud-cloud collisions as suggested by shock tracers (SiO and HNCO) in bi-symmetric shock regions located in the outskirts of the CMZ. On the other hand, the presence of photodissociation regions due to a high star-formation rate would be needed to explain the lack of Class I masers in the very central regions.
Modelling O-star astrospheres with different relative speeds between the ISM and the star: 2D and 3D MHD model comparison
Authors: Baalmann L. R. , Scherer K. , Kleimann J. , Fichtner H. , Bomans D. J. , Weis K. 
Published: May 2022

Context. State of the art simulations of astrospheres are modelled using three-dimensional (3D) magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). An astrospheric interaction of a stellar wind (SW) with its surrounding interstellar medium (ISM) can only generate a bow shock if the speed of the interstellar inflow is higher than the fast magnetosonic speed.
Aims. The differences of astrospheres at differing speeds of the ISM inflow are investigated, and the necessity of the third dimension in modelling is evaluated.
Methods. The model astrosphere of the runaway O-star λ Cephei is computed in both two- and three-dimensional MHD at four different ISM inflow speeds, one of which is barely faster (superfast) and one of which is slower (subfast) than the fast magnetosonic speed.
Results. The two-dimensional (2D) and 3D models of astrospheres with ISM inflow speeds considerably higher than the fast magnetosonic speed are in good agreement. However, in 2D models, where no realistic SW magnetic field can be modelled, the downwind structures of the astrospheres vacillate. Models where hydrodynamic effects are not clearly dominant over the magnetic field show asymmetries, thus necessitating a 3D approach. The physical times of simulations of astrospheres with slow ISM inflows can swiftly exceed the lifetime of the corresponding star. A hitherto unobserved structure has been found downwind of the astrotail in the subfast 3D model.
Reproducibility of 20-min Time-trial Performance on a Virtual Cycling
Platform
Authors: Matta Guilherme , Edwards Andrew , Roelands Bart , Hettinga Florentina , Hurst Philip 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to analyse the reproducibility of mean power output during
20-min cycling time-trials, in a remote home-based setting, using the
virtual-reality cycling software, Zwift. Forty-four cyclists (11 women, 33 men;
37±8 years old, 180±8 cm, 80.1±13.2 kg)
performed 3×20-min time-trials on Zwift, using their own setup.
Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), coefficient of variation (CV) and
typical error (TE) were calculated for the overall sample, split into 4
performance groups based on mean relative power output (25% quartiles)
and sex. Mean ICC, TE and CV of mean power output between time-trials were 0.97
[0.95–0.98], 9.4 W [8.0–11.3 W], and 3.7%
[3.2–4.5], respectively. Women and men had similar outcomes (ICC: 0.96
[0.89–0.99] vs. 0.96 [0.92–0.98]; TE: 8.3 W [6.3–13.1]
vs. 9.7 W [8.2–12.2]; CV: 3.8% [2.9–6.1] vs.
3.7% [3.1–4.7], respectively), although cyclists from the first
quartile showed a lower CV in comparison to the overall sample (Q1: 2.6%
[1.9–4.1] vs. overall: 3.7% [3.2–4.5]). Our results
indicate that power output during 20-min cycling time-trials on Zwift are
reproducible and provide sports scientists, coaches and athletes, benchmark
values for future interventions in a virtual-reality environment.
Growth, metal partitioning and antioxidant enzyme activities of mung beans as influenced by zinc oxide nanoparticles under cadmium stress
Authors: Rashid Md Harunur , Rahman Mohammad Mahmudur , Halim Md Abdul , Naidu Ravi 
Published: May 2022

Context Cadmium (Cd) toxicity and zinc (Zn) deficiency are of major concerns for crop growth and quality. Moreover, their interactive effects exert some controversial reports. Aims The effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and Cd on growth, physiology, and metal distribution in mung beans (Vigna radiata L.) was investigated. Methods Seven-day-old seedlings were treated with Zn (0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 μM) and Cd (0, 0.5, 1 μM) for 14 days. Key results Photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzyme activities, dry matter yield and metal concentration in tissues were significantly influenced by ZnO NPs and Cd. Considered on its own as a main effect, Zn application (16 μM) enhanced its accumulation in roots, stem and leaf by about 33-fold (314 mg kg−1), 10-fold (60.6 mg kg−1) and 17-fold (110.8 mg kg−1), respectively, compared to control. However, accumulation was slower for interactions with Cd. While leaf Zn increased approximately 27 times (180 mg kg−1) at 32 μM Zn, its interactions with lower and higher Cd increased only 6-fold (41.2 mg kg−1) and 3-fold (21.4 mg kg−1), respectively. Added ZnO NPs up to 4 μM under Cd contamination elevated the leaf Cd, which was restricted by higher supply. However, Cd accumulation in stem and root consistently rose, indicating a synergistic effect. ZnO NPs induced an upregulation of antioxidant enzymes to avert oxidative stress and maintain growth performance. Implications These findings may be suitable for formulating nanomaterials of desired particle sizes and testing on other crop to remediate Cd.
Associations between impulsive personality traits and HIV-related knowledge, beliefs and behaviours among college students in Chengdu, China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Yu Bin , Huang Yuling , Pei Rong , Han Jiayu , Yang Shujuan 
Published: May 2022

Background Impulsive personality traits (IPTs) are key predictors of individuals’ engagement in sexual risk behaviours. This study investigated the associations between IPTs and HIV-related knowledge, beliefs and behaviours among Chinese college students. Methods A sample of 1062 freshmen (first year) and sophomore (second year) students was obtained through stratified random sampling from 11 universities and colleges in Chengdu, China. The sociodemographic information, and HIV-related knowledge, beliefs and behaviours were investigated. A 20-item Short UPPS-P Impulsive Behaviour Scale (S-UPPS-P) was employed to estimate IPTs. Contingency table analyses (χ2) and adjusted logistic regression were used to analyse the association between IPTs and HIV-related knowledge, beliefs and behaviours. Results The S-UPPS-P scale measure of IPTs yielded scores among college students ranging from 26 to 70. Students with a greater level of IPTs were more likely to have a high level of HIV stigma (aOR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.13–1.89), and a low level of HIV knowledge (aOR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.11–1.80) and HIV prevention beliefs (aOR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.09–1.80). All variables of HIV-related behaviours were not significantly associated with IPTs (all P > 0.05). Conclusions Future campus health education should provide HIV education without neglect of early identification of students’ IPTs.
α1B/D-adrenoceptors regulate chemokine receptor–mediated leukocyte migration via formation of heteromeric receptor complexes
Authors: Enten Garrett A. , Gao Xianlong , Strzelinski Hannah R. , Weche McWayne , Liggett Stephen B. , Majetschak Matthias 
Published: May 2022

SignificanceHere we show that most chemokine receptors (CRs) form heteromeric complexes with α1-adrenergic receptors (ARs) in recombinant systems and that such heteromers are detectable in human monocytes and in the human monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1. Furthermore, we provide evidence that α1B/D-ARs control the function of their CR heteromerization partners. Our findings suggest that heteromeric complexes between α1B/D-ARs and CRs are necessary for normal function of CR heteromerization partners, indicate receptor heteromerization as a molecular mechanism by which stress hormones regulate leukocyte trafficking in health and disease, and offer opportunities to modulate leukocyte and/or cancer cell trafficking in disease processes.
On question words in Czech Sign Language
Authors: Strachoňová Hana 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This paper investigates content questions and the paradigm of question words in Czech Sign Language (český znakový jazyk – ČZJ). While this topic has been investigated for a fair number of other sign languages, a comprehensive study for ČZJ is still missing. Our aim is to fill this gap. In the absence of a representative corpus for ČZJ, we use data from the most extensive electronic dictionary database (Dictio), developed at the Masaryk University in Brno. We offer a basic description of the ČZJ interrogative strategies for content questions. In doing so, we also situate the language within the typology of sign language interrogatives: we classify ČZJ as a language with a rich paradigm of question words, and we identify the basic syntactic position of question words as sentence-final. Furthermore, we outline three morphological types of ČZJ question words: simple, complex, and derived.
Effect of uneven temperature distribution on underwater computational ghost imaging
Authors: Wang Mengqian , Bai Yanfeng , Zou Xuanpengfan , Peng Mingda , Zhou Liyu , Fu Qin , Jiang Tongji , Fu Xiquan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The influence of uneven temperature distribution on imaging quality of computational ghost imaging (CGI) in the underwater environment is investigated experimentally. It is shown that as the water temperature increases, imaging quality presents a trend from deterioration to improvement. The results can be explained by the changes of the temperature difference between the upper and lower layers of underwater environment and laser spot travelling through the underwater environment. Moreover, the effect from different positions of the underwater environment with the same water temperature on CGI is also discussed.
A Detailed Study of Mode Changing and Modulation of PSR B1237+25 with FAST
Authors: Wang Zheng-Wu , Yuan Mao , Wang Lin , Zhang Cheng-Min , Peng Bo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
PSR B1237+25, whose mean pulse profile has five components, is a well-known star to study pulsar emission geometries. We conducted mode changing and modulation analysis on this pulsar using FAST data at 1.25 GHz with a bandwidth of 400 MHz. We observed and identified three emission modes of this pulsar: a quiet normal mode that has little or no core activity with distinctive 2.8-period subpulse modulation on its outer cone, a flare normal mode in which the core is highly active and an abnormal mode in which the core is active and the last component is weak. We found that the core activity cuts off the position angle traverse in flare normal mode and leads to a position angle jumping in abnormal mode. We also found that there exists a quasi-periodical modulation on the outer conal components. Such modulation shows an irregular wave-like pattern, and has a weak correlation with the core component. We discuss the likely origin of such a modulation, and argue that this modulation can be interpreted as precession of the emission cones around the magnetic axis.
LTE-based passive forward scattering radar for drone detection and classification
Authors: Abdul Aziz N H , Mohd Fodzi M H , Mohd Shariff K K , Haron M A 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Passive forward scattering radar is a system that consists of a transmitter that generates microwaves domain, and at the receiver part, receives LTE-based signal from the transmitter, which will result in the Doppler signature of any object. This system can actually be used for detecting the presence of guided missiles, human, aircraft and drone that pass through between the transmitter and receiver. For this study, the main objective is to detect a drone, which are mainly used by humans to trespass or enter secure and private areas. Recently, there have been a few cases of burglary in several states where they have made use of drones to monitor the owner of the house before entering that house. For that reason, this study can help to increase the security and protection against drone trespassing. Specifically, the detection of a drone was carried out by determining the Doppler signature of the drone at two different heights, which are 2 meters (lower) and 3 meters (upper) from the ground by using passive scattering radar. All of the experimental data collected from this study were processed using the MATLAB software to compare the result of drone detection at different heights through Principal Component Analysis (PCA) results. This analysis, from the upper and lower heights, shows a good detection and classification of the drone, however lower height indicated better performance in PCA and confusion matrices analysis. This is due to the bigger cross-sectional area for lower height compared to the upper height of drone that passed through the forward scatter region. This is useful for border protection and monitoring.