bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A MRI-based nomogram to preoperatively predict histologic grades in stage I endometrial carcinoma
Authors: Jiang Xiran , Fu Langyuan , Zhao Mingli , Zhao Jiaqi , Song Jing , Hu Yue , Dong Yue , Wen Feng 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: This study aims to develop and externally validate a multi-sequence MRI-based radiomics nomogram for preoperatively differentiating low-grade and high-grade tumors in FIGO stage I endometrial carcinoma (EMC).Methods: A primary cohort was established with a total of 100 patients enrolled from our hospital between Jan. 2017 and Apr. 2021. A consecutively enrolled internal validation cohort (n=41) and an external validation cohort (n=50) were used to test the models. Radiomics features were extracted from T1-weighted contrast-enhanced (T1-CE) and T2-weighted (T2W) MRI and selected with the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) to build the radiomics signature (RS). Clinical factors were analyzed with Mann-Whitney U test and Chi-square test. A radiomics nomogram model was constructed incorporating the RS and the most discriminative clinical parameter. Performance of the RS, clinical parameter and nomogram were validated with receiver operating characteristic (ROC), calibration and decision curve analysis (DCA).Results: The multi-sequence MRI-based RS was built integrating 3 selected features, all from T1-CE MRI. The deep myometrial invasion was considered as the most important clinical parameter (P<0.05). The nomogram model incorporates RS and deep myometrial invasion yielded the best discriminative performance with AUCs of 0.845 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.759-0.910, SEN=0.900, SPE =0.650), 0.756 (95% CI 0.597-0.876, SEN=0.818, SPE =0.632) and 0.779 (95% CI 0.639-0.884, SEN=0.800, SPE =0.720) in the primary, internal validation and external validation cohorts, respectively. Calibration curves and DCA suggested good potential of our nomogram in clinical uses.Conclusions: The developed radiomics nomogram can be used as a potential non-invasive tool for preoperatively differentiating low- and high-grade tumors in stage I EMC patients.
WITHDRAWN: Effects of grass pulp mulch film and compound microbial agent on the growth and yield of soybeans
Authors: Ma Wei , Guan Fachun , Liang Zhengwei , Ma Dianrong , Hou Ligang , Shi Junyou , Lin Lin , Lu Guanru 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Most of farmland cover is non-degradable polyethylene film, and although it can promote the yield of plants, it also causes serious pollution to the environment. There are also various limiting factors in degradable mulching films. In order to solve this problem, straw and weeds are used as raw materials in this study, which are crushed into pulp and sprayed onto the soil to form a sustainable grass pulp mulchfilm that is beneficial to the environment. Soybean seeds were then sowed, a compound microbial agent was added, plant growth was observed, and the yield was calculated. The experimental design was composed of four treatments: treatment CK had no added microbial compoundagent, and no grass pulp was sprayed; treatment A had no addedmicrobial compoundagent, but grass pulp was sprayed; treatment B had added microbial compoundagent, but grass pulp was not sprayed; and treatment C had added microbial compoundagent,and grass pulp was sprayed. The results showed that when compared with the control, the soybean yield per plant under A, B, and C treatments significantly increased by 41.98%, 46.53%, and 133.46%, respectively, and the weed density significantly decreased by 37.44%, 32.52%, and 37.39%, respectively. The number of seeds per plant, single effective pod number, and stem weight per plant were the highest under C treatment; the weed biomass was also the lowest under C treatment, which had significant differences with CK, A, and B treatments ( P < 0.05). The results showed that the combined treatment of grass mulching and the addition of a compound microbial agent was an effective measure to increase soybean yield and inhibit weeds.
Developing Spatio-Temporal Approach to Predict Economic Dynamics Based on Online News
Authors: zhang yuzhou , Sun Hua , Gao Guang , Shou Lidan , Wu Dun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Economic forecasting is a scientific decision-making tool, and it is one of the important basis for the government to formulate economic plans, predict the implementation of the plan, and guide the implementation of the plan. Current knowledge about the use of online news in the prediction of economic patterns in China is limited, especially considering the spatio-temporal dynamics over time. This study explored the spatio-temporal patterns of economic output values in Yinzhou, Ningbo, China, and proposed Generalized linear model (GLM) and Geographically weighted regression (GWR) model to predict the dynamics. The results indicated that there was a great potential to predict economic dynamics using online news, with better performance in the GWR model. The findings suggested online news combining with spatio-temporal approach can better forecast economic dynamics, which can be seen as a pre-requisite for developing a surveillance system to enhance the traditional one. The proposed model may be extended to greater geographic area to validate such approach.
Business – process for investment activity
Authors: Darchia Samson 
Published: June 2022

Authors:
Samson Darchia,
PhD, Operational Support Department Bank, Tbilisi, Georgia

Pages: 46-49

Language: English

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21272/fmir.6(1).46-49.2022

Received: 14.01.2022

Accepted: 17.02.2022

Published: 29.03.2022

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Abstract

This paper summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on the issue about the activity of financial director in the sphere of investment. The main purpose is to сonduct research about investment activities, the design of business processes, to evaluate and find improvements that help to organize business process. Business-process is based on the circumstances, that the financial director is responsible for the company’s money and investments one of the important components of the mentioned cash flow. In the given article the high-level business process of investment activity is offered, also there are given pre-investment and investment budgeting sub-processes. The author proposes to distinguish three phases: Pre-investment, investment, exploitation. Improvements in business process are perceived by members of companies and directors, finance departments as one of the main factors in improving the quality of investment activity. The results of the study can be useful for business managers in the context of developing improvement measures in investment activity, identifying key areas for improving the business process, which will improve profitability, transparency of financial activities, and trust and willingness to cooperate with investors in the future.
Chemical weathering and CO2 consumption in the source of the alpine catchment
Authors: Wang Lei , Yang Jian , Wang Zhaohan , Zhao Zeyang , Han Yuping 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The chemical composition of the river indicates chemical weathering, which is the main source of ions and the most important avenue for carbon sink in the river. The hydrochemical characteristics of alpine catchment can provide the basis for clarifying the chemical weathering process and CO2 consumption, which is meaningful for the chemical weathering evolution law of the alpine catchment and even the Third Pole. The Yarlung Tsangpo River is the most typical river in the alpine catchment and the biggest river of the Third Pole. In this study, the river water samples were collected in March and September 2019 from the main stream at the upper reaches of Yarlung Tsangpo River above Lhatse County, as well as main tributaries Dogxung Tsangpo and Damqog Tsangpo. Based on the comparative analysis of the water samples in different seasons, the following conclusions are reached: precipitation contributes little to the ion content of rivers, and ions mainly come from chemical weathering, the main type of water body is HCO3−-SO42−-Ca2+; carbonate rock weathering in the main stream of Yarlung Tsangpo River contributes more to the ions of river than that in other tributaries; the CO2 consumption is mainly caused by silicate rock weathering and carbonate rock weathering, and the carbon weathering rate increases faster than that of silicate weathering rate from March to September 2019; the consumption rate of CO2 in the wet season is higher than that in the dry season.
An experimental study of air-demand ratio in free-surface gated circular conduits
Authors: Demirel I. H. , Ozkan F. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Aeration is the process by which the area of contact between water and air is increased, either by natural methods or by mechanical devices. This study investigated the most suitable design to provide a maximum air-demand ratio in the case of free surface flow in gated circular conduits. In the experiments performed for this purpose, as the parameters affecting the air demand ratio, the air inlet of each air vent was measured by opening air vents at regular intervals downstream for different conduit openings and different lengths of conduits for air-demand ratio depending on flow rates. In the study, it was observed that the air-demand ratios increased with the increase of the Froude number in all air vents. Although the Qa/Qw value was found to be 0.28 in.the 6 m conduits for the best air demand rate of 2.5% gate opening, the location of the air vent did not have a significant effect on the air-demand ratio. As a result, it has been understood that the suction downstream of the gated conduit flows does not show a local change. It is thought that the air sucked from the air vents is formed by the drag effect of the water.
The pH-Dependent, Atp-Independent Interaction of Collagen Specific Serpin/Stress' Protein HSP47
Authors: EI-Thaher Taial S. H. , Drake Alex F. , Yokota Shinichi , Nakai Akira , Nagata Kazuhiro , Miller Andrew D. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Heat Shock Protein 47 (HSP47) is a procollagen/collagen specific stress protein which belongs to the Serpin superfamily and which binds to procollagen/collagen in an unusual pH-dependent, ATP-independent manner. Here we show, by means of circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy, that HSP47 undergoes reversible pH-induced conformational changes which could account for the pH-dependent binding behaviour.
Proteolytic Activity against the Distal Polybasic Tract of the Gamma
Subunit of the Epithelial Sodium Channel ENaC in Nephrotic Urine
Authors: Wörn Matthias , Kalbacher Hubert , Artunc Ferruh 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Experimental nephrotic syndrome in mice leads to proteolytic activation of the epithelial sodium channel ENaC, possibly involving the distal polybasic tract of its γ-subunit (183RKRK).

Objective:
We sought to determine if urine samples from both nephrotic mice and a cohort of patients with acute nephrotic syndrome contain a specific proteolytic activity against this region of γ-ENaC.

Method:
A peptide substrate consisting of amino acids 180-194 of murine γ-ENaC was N-terminally coupled to a fluorophore, yielding AMCA-FTGRKRKISGKIIHK. The substrate was incubated with nephrotic urine samples from mice as well as patients and with or without the serine protease inhibitor aprotinin. The digested peptides were separated on a reverse phase HPLC and detected with a fluorescence detector (350/450 nm). Peptide masses of the peaks were determined with a MALDI-TOF mass spectrometer. In addition, urinary proteolytic activity was quantitated using AMC-coupled substrates reflecting different cleavage sites within the polybasic tract.

Results:
No significant proteolytic activity against the substrate was found in the urine of healthy humans or mice. Incubation with urine samples of nephrotic patients (n=8) or mice subjected to three different models of experimental nephrotic syndrome (n=4 each) led to cleavage of the substrate within the polybasic tract which was prevented by the serine protease inhibitor aprotinin. The most dominant cleavage product was FTGRKR in both species which was confirmed using quantitative measurements with FTGRKR-AMC.

Conclusion:
Nephrotic urine from both humans and mice contains aprotinin-sensitive proteolytic activity against the distal polybasic tract of γ-ENaC, reflecting excretion of active proteases in the urine or proteasuria.
Nanotechnological Approaches for the Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer:
A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Guha Lahanya , Bhat Ishfaq Ahmad , Bashir Aasiya , Rahman Jawad Ur , Pottoo Faheem Hyder 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women around the world, having a sudden spread nowadays
because of the poor sedentary lifestyle of people. Comprising several subtypes, one of the most dangerous and aggressive
ones is triple-negative breast cancer or TNBC. Even though conventional surgical approaches like single and
double mastectomy and preventive chemotherapeutic approaches are available, they are not selective to cancer cells
and are only for symptomatic treatment. A new branch called nanotechnology has emerged in the last few decades
that offers various novel characteristics, such as size in nanometric scale, enhanced adherence to multiple targeting
moieties, active and passive targeting, controlled release, and site-specific targeting. Among various nanotherapeutic
approaches like dendrimers, lipid-structured nanocarriers, carbon nanotubes, etc., nanoparticle targeted therapeutics
can be termed the best among all for their specific cytotoxicity to cancer cells and increased bioavailability to a target
site. This review focuses on the types and molecular pathways involving TNBC, existing treatment strategies, various
nanotechnological approaches like exosomes, carbon nanotubes, dendrimers, lipid, and carbon-based nanocarriers,
and especially various nanoparticles (NPs) like polymeric, photodynamic, peptide conjugated, antibody-conjugated,
metallic, inorganic, natural product capped, and CRISPR based nanoparticles already approved for treatment or are
under clinical and pre-clinical trials for TNBC.
In-silico Approach for Evaluation of Antimalarial Potential of Costunolide
Synthase Enzyme and Sesquiterpene Lactones from Cichorium intybus
Authors: Taj Gohar , Pathak Abhishek , Arora Sunita , Tiwari Apoorv , Krishna Kurma Dev , Singh S.P. 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Cichorium intybus is a perennial herb in the Asteraceae family that has significant ethano-medical properties and is utilized in Ayurveda and Unani therapy. The enzyme costunolide synthase contributes in the biosynthesis pathway of sesquiterpene lactones, which is thought to give the plant antimalarial action.

Methods:
This work uses several in-silico techniques along with docking experiments to show the structural and physiochemical characteristics of the enzyme costunolide synthase. Costunolide synthase protein interacts with lactucin and lactucopicrin with lower energy interactions of -4.99 kcal/mol for total 3 hydrogen bonds and -6.55 kcal/mol for total 2 hydrogen bonds, respectively. One domain named CYP 450 has been found which catalyzes a variety of oxidative reactions of a large number of structurally different compounds that are both endogenous and exogenous from all major domains of life. The mitochondrial cellular localization of protein was revealed with a maximum score of 1.833.

Results:
The phylogenetic study revealed that the enzyme costunolide synthase from Cichorium intybus has a greater resemblance to Cichorium endivia and Lactuca sativa of costunolide synthase. Molecular docking findings of sesquiterpene lactones (lactucin and lactucopicrin) with Plasmepsin II protein of P. falciparum parasites after clinical trials with sesquiterpene lactones may give the more evidences and explanations for the active involvement of lactucin and lactucopicrin as an antimalarial compound.

Conclusion:
This research will be used in future wet lab studies to figure out how the costunolide synthase enzyme regulates sesquiterpene lactones and to investigate additional regulatory enzyme involved in the synthesis of sesquiterpene lactones.
Assessing the Risk of Nephrotoxicity Associated with Aminoglycosides in
Brucellosis Patients: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Ataei Sara , Ghodsipour Zeinab , Keramat Fariba , Derakhshandeh Katayoun , Mohammadi Younes , Majzoobi Mohammad Mahdi , Kord Masoumeh , Mohammadi Mojdeh , Nili-Ahmadabadi Amir 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to investigate renal function in patients with
brucellosis before and at the end of gentamicin therapy. To ensure the safety of therapeutic doses
of gentamicin, renal functions in brucellosis patients were monitored regarding drug serum levels
and check for early detection biomarkers of nephrotoxicity.

Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, 41 patients (25 men and 16 women, aged over 15 years)
were included, with confirmed acute brucellosis that referred to Brucellosis Research Center in
Hamadan, west of Iran between March 2018 to February 2019. At baseline before treatment (first
step) and 7 days after gentamicin administration (second step), serum uric acid, blood urea nitrogen
(BUN), serum and urine creatinine, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), quantitative C-reactive
protein (CRP) and urinary β2-microglobulin (β2M) were measured. Gentamycin serum level due to
the highest risk of nephrotoxicity with this drug in aminoglycoside class was also checked by
HPLC method. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.

Results:
The mean urinary β2M level, serum and urinary creatinine, uric acid, BUN, and
quantitative CRP levels in the first step and second step, there were no statistical differences between
the two steps. There was a correlation between urinary creatinine and ESR. In addition, a
positive correlation was found between urinary β2M and serum gentamicin level. ESR levels have
been significantly reduced in the patients after the treatment compared to before it.

Conclusion:
Our findings confirm that gentamicin is safe at the dose of 5 mg/kg/day for one week
intravenously in brucellosis patients.
Feature-scML: An Open-source Python Package for the Feature Importance
Visualization of Single-Cell Omics with Machine Learning
Authors: Liang Pengfei , Wang Hao , Liang Yuchao , Zhou Jian , Li Haicheng , Zuo Yongchun 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Inferring feature importance is both a promise and challenge in bioinformatics and computational biology. While multiple biological computation methods exist to identify decisive factors of single cell subpopulation, there is a need for a comprehensive toolkit that presents an intuitive and custom view of the feature importance.

Objective:
We developed a Feature-scML, a scalable and friendly toolkit that allows the users to visualize and reveal decisive factors for single cell omics analysis.

Method:
Feature-scML incorporates the following main three functions: (i) There are seven feature selection algorithms to comprehensively score and rank every feature. (ii) Four machine learning approaches and increment feature selection (IFS) strategy jointly determine the number of selected features. (iii) The Feature-scML supports the visualized feature importance, model performance evaluation, and model interpretation. The source code is available at https://github.com/liameihao/Feature-scML.

Results:
We systematically compared the performance of seven feature selection algorithms from Feature-scML on two single cell transcriptome datasets. It demonstrates the effectiveness and power of the Feature-scML.

Conclusion:
Feature-scML is effective for analyzing single-cell RNA omics datasets to automate the machine learning process and customize the visual analysis from the results.
Bad Days at New Day Products
Authors: Picard Robert R. , Burger Marcus , Kraut Marla 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
This instructional case describes an embezzlement committed by the former executive director of a Southeast Idaho nonprofit organization, New Day Products. The case, based on an organization that helps people with disabilities, provides a rich context for students to learn about the important roles and responsibilities of nonprofit organizations' boards of directors. Highlighting the challenges faced by nonprofit boards of directors, the case asks students to consider how New Day Products' board of directors' governance decisions, including choosing financial statement reviews rather than audits, increased the executive director's opportunities to commit fraud.
The Pitch: Managers’ Disclosure Choice during Initial Public Offering Roadshows
Authors: Blankespoor Elizabeth , Hendricks Bradley E. , Miller Gregory S. 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
We examine firm disclosure choice during the initial public offering (IPO) roadshow presentation to understand the informativeness of a management presentation designed to attract investors. Although firms submit a comprehensive registration filing during the IPO, managers also prepare a roadshow presentation, which is shorter and typically allows managers more autonomy to select the information released and how it is discussed. We find that IPO roadshows have significantly more positive, less negative, and less uncertain language than the SEC filing. Using machine learning to classify roadshow sentences into five major topics from the registration statement, we find that roadshows differ in both the topics selected and the language used within each topic. We then examine the predictive ability of the roadshow language, finding that roadshow language predicts future accounting performance, whereas filing language does not. These results highlight the informational role of management presentations, despite the flexibility they grant managers.
JEL Classifications: M41; G10; M13.
When Does the Internal Audit Function Enhance Audit Committee Effectiveness?
Authors: Jaggi Jacob 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
I examine whether audit committees (ACs) improve financial reporting reliability by utilizing an internal audit function (IAF) as a resource and use semistructured interviews with chief audit executives and AC chairs to develop an understanding of the nature of AC-IAF relations. Using AC charters, I measure AC interaction with IAFs, finding improvement in financial reporting reliability for firms that introduce a new IAF under a New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) mandate. This improvement is limited to firms with significant interaction between ACs and new IAFs. Using detailed hand-coded data, I investigate the different kinds of interactions between ACs and IAFs, finding evidence of the importance of private meetings to review the IAF's scope, findings, and recommendations. The value of the IAF as a resource to the AC is greater when the AC ensures free and open communication, promotes IAF independence, and stands in greater ex ante need of monitoring assistance.
JEL Classifications: G39; M40; M41.