bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge is Power? Pap Testing Habits of Female OB/GYNs Compared To Other Female Physicians
Authors: Hershkovitz Gal , Ochshorn Yifat , Michaan Nadav , Fiszer Elisheva , Grisaru Dan , Raz Yael 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background. To investigate whether knowledge regarding cervical cancer risk factors and Pap testing influence OB/GYN physicians’ compliance to cervical cancer screening and prevention.Methods. Female physicians working in the Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center were asked to complete an anonymous questionnaire assessing their knowledge of cervical cancer related factors, Pap testing and compliance with screening guidelines. Reported data was compared between resident and senior OB/GYN physicians and physicians from non-OB/GYN specialties.Results. 42 female OB/GYNs ( residents – 18, seniors- 24) and 80 female physicians of other specialties (“non-OB/GYNs”, residents -48, seniors -32) volunteered to participate in our study, with similar proportions of resident and senior participents between the two groups (p=0.0865). Generally, OB/GYNs were more knowledgable about cervical cancer prevention and risk factors compared to non-OB/GYNs. OB/GYN residents knew less about world health organization (WHO) recommendations for age at last Pap compared to senior OB/GYNs (answered correctly – 50% vs. 83%, respectively, p=0.04). They also knew less about the upper age for vaccine administration (answered correctly – 11% vs 50%, respectively, p=0.01). Even so, the majority of physician recommended Human Papillomavirus vaccination, in all groups compared. A similar proportion of OB/GYNs and non-OB/GYNs had performed a Pap smear in the last 3 years (OB/GYN – 75% non-OB/GYN – 83%, p=0.3). Of note, a higher percentage of residents, both OB/GYNs and non- OBGYNs were vaccinated against Human Papillomavirus compared to their senior counterparts (OB/GYNs -38.89% vs. 4.17%, p=0.013, non-OB/GYNs 50% vs. 12.5%, p=0.0007). Only half of OB/GYNs (residents – 50%, seniors –66.67%, p>0.99) initiated their Pap testing, similar to non-OB/GYNs. Human Papillomavirus vaccination was more prevalent among residents than among seniors, regardless of their specialty (OB/GYNs – 38.89% vs. 4.17%, p=0.013, non OB/GYN – 50% vs. 12.5%, p=0.0007) with a trend toward higher porportions of vaccinated physicians in non-OBGYNs.Conclusion. Female OB/GYNs’ knowledge of the importance of Pap test and their accessibility to Pap smear services, do not improve their compliance for Pap smear performance or Human Papillomavirus vaccination. Residents tend to have better general personal health habits out of their field of specialty.
Gold Nanoclusters Eliminate Obesity Induced by Antipsychotics
Authors: He Meng , Yao Jing , Zhang Zijun , Zhang Ying , Chen Rui , Gu Zhenhua , Huang XuFeng , Deng Chao , Zhou Ruqin , Fan Jun , Zhang Baohua , Xie Yanqian , Gao Guanbin , Sun Taolei 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Obesity induced by antipsychotics have plagued more than 20 million people worldwide. However, no drug is available to eliminate the obesity induced by antipsychotics. Here we examined the effect and potential mechanisms of a gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) modified by N-isobutyryl-L-cysteine on the obesity induced by olanzapine, the most prescribed but obesogenic antipsychotics, in a rat model. Our results showed that AuNCs completely prevented and reversed the obesity induced by olanzapine and improved glucose metabolism profile in rats. Further mechanism investigations revealed that AuNCs exert its anti-obesity function through inhibition of olanzapine-induced dysfunction of histamine H1 receptor and proopiomelanocortin signaling therefore reducing hyperphagia, and reversing olanzapine-induced inhibition of uncoupling-protein-1 signaling which increases thermogenesis. Together with AuNCs’ good biocompatibility, these findings not only provide AuNCs as a promising nanodrug candidate for treating obesity induced by antipsychotics, but also open an avenue for the potential application of AuNCs-based nanodrugs in treating general obesity
Factors Associated with Medical Students’ Career Choices Regarding Internal Medicine in Uganda
Authors: Bongomin Felix , Olum Ronald , Kajjimu Jonathan , Kanyike Andrew Marvin , Atulinda Linda , Ninsiima Daphine , Wamala Nicholas Kisaakye , Byakika-Kibwika Pauline 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
There is an unmet need for internal medicine physicians in Uganda owing to the growing burden of diseases. This study aimed at evaluating the factors associated with career choices of undergraduate medical students regarding internal medicine in Uganda.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study in the first 3 weeks of October 2021 via WhatsApp messenger. Medical students in the 3rd to 5th year of study who had completed internal medicine clinical rotations and pursuing a Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBChB) degree at 7 Ugandan universities (4 public and 3 private) were enrolled. Multivariable logistic regression model was constructed to determine factors associated with a career choice in internal medicine.
Results
We enrolled 418 participants, median age 24 (interquartile range (IQR): 23 – 26) years, 67.7% were male, and 36.1% had a family member or relative who was a doctor. Most of the students (84.0%) were interested in research. The top three most preferred specialties were internal medicine (52.6%), surgery (51.2%), and obstetrics & gynaecology (51.0%). Overall, 186 (44.5%) participants reported plans to pursue a Master of Medicine degree in internal medicine. Interest in research was the only factor independently associated with 2.5-fold higher odds of pursuing a career in internal medicine (adjusted odds ratio: 2.5, 95% CI: 1.4 — 4.6, p=0.003). About 73% of the participants strongly agreed that internal medicine requires wide reading.
Conclusions
There is strong interest to pursue a career in internal medicine among Ugandan medical students. We recommend increase in training opportunities in Internal Medicine especially in view of the growing disease burden and increasing population growth.
Point Cloud Semantic Segmentation with Cross-Correction Features
Authors: Zhao Yuehua , Jie Ma , Nannan Chong , Junjie Wen 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Real time large scale point cloud segmentation is an important but challenging task for practical application like autonomous driving. Existing real time methods have achieved acceptance performance by aggregating local information. However, most of them only exploit local spatial information or local semantic information dependently, few considering the complementarity of both. In this paper, we propose a model named Spatial-Semantic Incorporation Network (SSI-Net) for real time large scale point cloud segmentation. A Spatial-Semantic Cross-correction (SSC) module is introduced in SSI-Net as a basic unit. High quality contextual features can be learned through SSC by correct and update semantic features using spatial cues, and vice verse. Adopting the plug-and-play SSC module, we design SSI-Net as an encoder-decoder architecture. To ensure efficiency, it also adopts a random sample based hierarchical network structure. Extensive experiments on several prevalent datasets demonstrate that our method can achieve state-of-the-art performance.
Compartmentalization and Interaction of Pax5 and Pax6 in Brain of Mice
Authors: Maurya Shashank Kumar , Mishra Rajnikant 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Many transcription factors play important roles to maintain the microenvironment, integrity of the blood-brain barrier, the neurons-glia interaction, activities of microglia, composition of cerebrospinal fluid, metabolic activities, concentration of neurotransmitters, presence of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, ischemia, stress, aging, neurological disorders, and diseases. The Paired box transcription factors and multifunctional proteins, Pax6 and Pax5 are expressed in brain. They regulate several regulators from cell cycle to cell death. The Pax5, a B-cell lineage-specific activator protein (BSAP), is expressed in the cerebellum, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, olfactory bulb, third ventricles, and choroid plexus. The Pax5 has been observed down-regulated in autism, mental retardation, and Glioblastoma multiforme. The Pax6 affects genes of neurodegeneration, immunological surveillance, and energy homeostasis in brain of mice. The Pax5 and Pax6 recognize several similar DNA sequences and regulate the expression of genes in a tissue-specific manner. Therefore, it is presumed that Pax5 and Pax6, are compartmentalized in brain of mice. Results indicate interactions, cell and tissue-specific compartmentalization, and co-localization of Pax5 and Pax6 in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and hippocampus in brain of mice.
Numerical Study of a Wide-angle Near-Perfect Absorber for the Visible Regime Incorporating Metal-Dielectric-Metal Subwavelength Grating Structure
Authors: Zou Wenlong , Zhang Heng , Zhou Yun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A near-perfect absorber for the visible regime based on metal-dielectric-metal subwavelength grating structure with the refractory metals is designed and demonstrated numerically. The absorber presents an average absorption over 98.4% in the visible regime at normal incidence. Angle-relative analysis shows that the proposed structure has good angle-tolerance. The high average absorption (86.6%) in the visible region can be maintained with the incident angles up to 60°. Through the analysis of the magnetic field, the physical origin is verified that this excellent absorption performance mainly stems from the cooperative effect of surface plasmonic resonances and the intrinsic broadband spectral responses by the refractory metals. In addition, the dependence of the absorption spectrum of the proposed absorber on the structural parameters is analyzed. This work provides an idea for the design of high-performance absorbers and has potential applications in advanced light energy capture and integration systems.
Predicting Parkinson’s Disease Related Genes Based on PyFeat and Gradient Boosted Decision Tree (GBDT)
Authors: Helmy Marwa , Eldaydamony Eman , Mekky Nagham , Elmogy Mohammed , Soliman Hassan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Identifying genes related to Parkinson's disease (PD) is an active and effective research topic in biomedical analysis, which plays a critical role in diagnosis and treatment. In recent years, many studies have proposed different techniques for predicting disease-related genes. However, a few of these techniques are designed or developed for PD gene prediction. Most of these PD techniques are developed to identify only protein genes and discard long non-coding (lncRNA) genes, which play an essential role in biological processes and the Transformation and development of diseases. This paper proposes a novel prediction system to identify protein and lncRNA genes related to PD that can aid in an early diagnosis. First, we preprocessed the genes into DNA FASTA sequences from the UCSC genome browser and removed the redundancies. Second, we extracted some significant features of DNA FASTA sequences using five numerical mapping techniques with Fourier transform and PyFeat method with Adaboost technique as feature selection. Finally, the features were fed to the gradient boosted decision tree (GBDT) to diagnose different tested cases. Seven performance metrics are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed system. The proposed system achieved an average accuracy (ACC) equals 78.1%, the area under the curve (AUC) equals 84.9%, the area under precision-recall (AUPR) equals 85.0%, F1-score equals 78.2%, Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) equals 0.564, Sensitivity (SEN) equals 79.1%, and specificity (SPC) equals 77.1%. The experiments demonstrate promising results compared with other systems. The predicted top-rank protein and lncRNA genes are verified based on a literature review.
Transition Readiness in Adolescents and Young Adults With Chronic Rheumatic Disease in Oman: Today’s Needs and Future Challenges
Authors: Abdwani Reem , Sabri Rumaitha Al , Alhasni Zawan Zawan , Rizvi Seyad , Wahshi Humaid Al , Lawati Batool Al , Abrawi Safiya Al , Wali Yasser , Sadoon Mona Al 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction:In Oman, the “transfer” healthcare rather than the “transition” of health care of adolescents to adult care occurs at a young age, like many other GCC countries for cultural reasons. In order to address this concern, this study was conducted to determine the transition readiness skills of adolescents and young adults with childhood onset rheumatic diseases using a cross-cultural adaptation of the UNC TRxANSITION scale.Methods: We used a professionally translated/back translated, provider-administered UNC TRxANSITION Scale. This 32-question scale measures HCT in ten domains including knowledge about diagnosis or treatment, diet, reproductive health, school/work, insurance, ability to self-manage and looking for new health providers. The maximum transitional score of 10, was categorized as low (1-4), moderate (4 - 7) and high (7 -10) transitional readiness scores.Results:We enrolled 81 Omani adolescents and young adults (AYA) with chronic childhood onset rheumatic diseases. The cohort consisted of 79% females, with mean age of 15.8 years (± 3.53) and mean disease duration of 6.95 years (± 4.83). Our cohort's overall mean score is low 5.22 (±1.68). Only 14.8% of the cohort achieved a high transition score ≥7). Significant direct relationship was observed between age and the mean transition readiness score (r = .533, P < .001). The mean transition readiness score in the younger age group (10-13 years) was 4.07 (±1.29), the middle age group (14-18 years) was 5.43 ( ±1.27), while the older age group (19-21 year), was 6.12 ( ±1.81), Mean transition score of youngest age group was found to be significantly lower than the other two age groups (p =.003).Conclusion:Overall, the transition readiness of AYA in Oman is low compared to other western countries indicating the need to initiate a health care transition preparation program for patients with chronic diseases across the country. In addition, we need to establish regional guidelines to address the transitional age policy to be in line to international recommendations.
Evaluation Index System of Surgical Tourism Service Organizations in China: An Empirical Research
Authors: Zhang Dan , Yue Yan , Liao Meixia , Liu Ting-Fang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Healthcare tourism is an emerging economy with the most potential in China's health industry before the COVID-19 pandemic. Surgical medical health tourism accounts for a large part of medical tourism services in China, which has higher requirements for quality and safety. By contrast, measurement tools and theoretical research are insufficient in China. The aim of this study was to develop a set of reliable and feasible indicators by augmenting the original Donabedian’s quality model to evaluate surgical tourism services’ quality.Methods: Literature review and focus group interview were used to generate indicators for surgical tourism services’ quality. The basic framework of the evaluation system was based on the structure-process-outcome Donabedian model. The screening and weight setting were conducted through analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and a two-round Delphi consultation with 13 panelists. Validity and reliability of experts were tested by the experts' positive coefficient, authority coefficient, and coordination coefficient. Reliability of the questionnaire was assessed by a pretest distributed within an international medical department of a public hospital in China.Results: Based on the Donabedian’s quality theory, the novel evaluation system of surgical tourism service institutions with 3 dimensions, 9 first-level items and 39 second-level items was constructed. The three dimensions consist of structure (0.315), process (0.287), and outcome (0.398), with each dimension set several indicators and each indicator given a weight. Of the two rounds of Delphi consultation, the response rates were 86.67% and 100%. The coordination coefficient of expert opinions in the two rounds of consultation were 0.49 and 0.65 (p<0.05). For the empirical study, the self-evaluation score of a public hospital was 86, which could obtain a rating of two stars.Conclusions: The established evaluation system identified three different dimensions of surgical tourism services’ quality which fit for practical healthcare improvement in safety and quality. It can reflect the access criterion of surgical tourism institutions, provide references on better choices of surgical services for tourists, and can be applied by healthcare managers and policy makers to allocate resources more efficiently and promote more surgical tourism services to international standards.
Coupling Effects of Goat Manure and Water Management on Immobilization of Cadmium and Improvement of Bacterial Community
Authors: Liu Yiyun , Xu Yingming , Huang Qingqing , Qin Xu , Zhao Lijie , Liang Xuefeng , Wang Lin , Sun Yuebing 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The objective of this study was to expound possible effect of fertilization and water management in the remediation process of hazardous substance using sepiolite(SP). Meanwhile, Illumina high-throughput sequencing was performed to investigate how the composition of the rhizosphere bacterial community responded to a series of soil remediation process. The results showed that application of SP increased pH, decreased DOM under different water condition, but goat manure (GM) increased pH and DOM at the same time. Under water-saturated condition (FWHC), the application of GM increased the content of available Cd (DTPA-Cd) by 42.0-68.9%, 13.1%-30.3% of unamended and SP-amended soil, respectively. Under normal water condition (NWHC), the application of GM increased DTPA-Cd by 0.7%-5.8%, 73.7%-115.5% of unamended and SP-amended soil, respectively. Consequently, coupling effect of FWHC and GM decreased Cd content in shoots of pak choi. We also found that the application of GM increased the abundance of soil microbial communities. Abundance of proteobacteria reached a peak when applied GM in SP-amended soil under FWHC. RDA analysis showed that soil microbes such as bacteroidetes, patescibacteria, and proteobacteria were correlated positively with pH, DOM, and DTPA-Cd. Acidobacteria was correlated positively with DTPA-Cd, and negatively with pH and DOM. The relationship of soil physicochemical properties and the bacterial community variation indicated that GM and SP mixed additives may indirectly affect the soil microbial community by changing soil physicochemical properties and available Cd content.
Scrambler Therapy for the Treatment of Pain in Schwannomatosis
Authors: Smith Thomas J , Erdek Michael , Murphy Tyler 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Schwannomatosis patients (SP) suffer from chronic nerve pain that is often inadequately relieved. Scrambler Therapy (ST) can relieve neuropathic pain quickly, safely, and inexpensively. We successfully treated a patient with Scrambler Therapy, adding another tool to the methods used to treat SP pain.Methods: We treated her with 5 daily sessions of ST, each for 40 minutes.Results: Complete relief of pain and hyperalgesia, with return to normal function, by day 5, that has persisted.Conclusion: Scrambler Therapy may be an effective way to treat schwannomatosis pain, and deserves further research.
Wave Energy Flux Variability in the Caribbean Sea
Authors: Orejarena Andrés Fernando , Sayol Juan Manuel , Hernández-carrasco Ismael , Cáceres Alejandro , Restrepo Juan Camilo , Orfila Alejandro 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Wave energy flux (WEF) is assessed in the Caribbean Sea from a 60-year (1958--2017) wave hindcast. We use a novel approach, based on neural networks, to identify coherent regions of similar WEF and their association with different climate patterns. This method allows for a better evaluation of the underlying dynamics behind seasonal and inter-annual WEF variability, including the effect induced by the latitudinal migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), and the influence of El Ni\~no-Southern Oscillation events. Results show clear regional differences of the WEF variability likely due to both a clear regionalization of the WEF due to both the intensification and migration of the ITCZ. WEF exhibits a strong semiseasonal signal in areas of the continental shelf, with maximums in January and June, in agreement with the sea surface temperature and sea level pressure variability. At larger scales, WEF shows a significant correlation with the Oceanic Ni\~no Index depicting positive values in the central and western basin and negative ones at the eastern side.
Prenatal and Early Postnatal Exposure to A Natural Disaster and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in Indian Children
Authors: Hanć Tomasz , Gomula Aleksandra , Nowak-Szczepanska Natalia , Chakraborty Raja , Kozieł Sławomir 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the relation between early exposure to stressful event and a level of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children, based on outcomes from a natural experiment. It was hypothesized that children pre- and postnatally exposed to cyclone Aila have a higher level of ADHD symptoms compared to the controls, and the effect depends on timing of exposure. Indian children (8-11y) prenatally (N=336) and early postnatally (N=216) exposed to Aila were compared to non-exposed control group of their peers (N=285). ADHD symptoms were assessed using the Conner’s Teacher Rating Scale Revised. The main effect of exposure to the cyclone on total ADHD symptoms’ score, ADHD index, Hyperactivity and Oppositional symptoms was significant and independent of covariates. Both prenatally and postnatally exposed girls, and only postnatally exposed boys, showed significantly higher level of Oppositional symptoms compared to the controls. Cognitive problems/Inattention symptoms were increased in both prenatally and postnatally exposed boys, but not girls, compared to non-exposed children. The timing of programming the later behavior characteristics by stressful experiences due to natural disaster is not limited to fetal life but extends at least into infancy. Sex is a significant modulator of the early stress-ADHD symptoms association.
Climate Change Scenarios and the Dragon Fruit Climatic Zoning in Brazil
Authors: OLIVEIRA-APARECIDO LUCAS Eduardo , Dutra Alexson Filgueiras , de Lima Rafael Fausto , Neto Francisco de Alcântara , Torsoni Guilherme Botega , Leite Marcos Renan Lima 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND:The presente paper aims to compute climatological zones apt for the cultivation of pitaya based on trends in the occurrence of climate change events from the IPCC in Brazil. We used temperature and precipitation data from 4,942 cities collected on the NASA / POWER platform from 1990 to 2020 to elaborate on the current scenario. The climate change scenarios were obtained using the CHELSA platform (Climatologies at high resolution for the earth's land surface areas) and corresponded to the periods 2041-2060 and 2061-2080 associated with four IPCC climate change scenarios. The spatialization and interpolation of data occurred according to the aptitude classes designed to meet the thermal and water needs of the crop. RESULTS: Forecasts of increase in temperature indices and reduction in accumulated rainfall were found in all Brazil, but with greater impact in the North and Northeast regions, which had the greatest reduction in areas at low risk for the cultivation of pitaya. In the South and Southeast regions, a large part of the areas remained suitable for the production of this fruit until 2080. CONCLUSION:The results suggest that climate change does not benefit the cultivation of pitaya in some regions of Brazil because the dimensions of the areas apt for economic production be restricted.