bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Symplectic Flatness and Twisted Primitive Cohomology
Authors: Tseng Li-Sheng , Zhou Jiawei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe introduce the notion of symplectic flatness for connections and fibre bundles over symplectic manifolds. Given an $$A_\infty $$

A
∞

-algebra, we present a flatness condition that enables the twisting of the differential complex associated with the $$A_\infty $$

A
∞

-algebra. The symplectic flatness condition arises from twisting the $$A_\infty $$

A
∞

-algebra of differential forms constructed by Tsai, Tseng and Yau. When the symplectic manifold is equipped with a compatible metric, the symplectic flat connections represent a special subclass of Yang–Mills connections. We further study the cohomologies of the twisted differential complex and give a simple vanishing theorem for them.
Distributional learning in multi-objective optimization of recommender systems
Authors: Candelieri Antonio , Ponti Andrea , Giordani Ilaria , Bosio Anna , Archetti Francesco 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMetrics such as diversity and novelty have become important, beside accuracy, in the design of Recommender Systems (RSs), in response the increasing users' heterogeneity. Therefore, the design of RSs is now increasingly modelled as a multi-objective optimization problem (MOP) for whose solution Multi-objective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs) have been increasingly considered. In this paper we focus on the k-top recommendation problem in which a solution is encoded as a matrix whose rows correspond to customers and column to items. The value of accuracy, novelty, and coverage for each candidate list, is evaluated as a sample and can be represented as a 3-d histogram which encodes the knowledge obtained from function evaluations. This enables to map the solution space into a space, whose elements are histograms, structured by the Wasserstein (WST) distance between histograms. The similarity between 2 users in this probabilistic space is given by the Wasserstein distance between their histograms. This enables the construction of the WST graph whose nodes are the users and the weights of the edges are the WST distance between users. The clustering of users takes then place in the WST-graph. In the optimization phase the difference between two top-k lists can be encoded as the WST distance between their 3-dimensional histograms. This enables to derive new selection operators which provide a better diversification (exploration). The new algorithm Multi-objective evolutionary optimization/Wasserstein (MOEA/WST), compared with the benchmark NSGA-II, yields better hypervolume and coverage, in particular at low generation counts.
Multidimensional racism classification during COVID-19: stigmatization, offensiveness, blame, and exclusion
Authors: Pei Xin , Mehta Deval 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTranscending the binary categorization of racist texts, our study takes cues from social science theories to develop a multidimensional model for racism detection, namely stigmatization, offensiveness, blame, and exclusion. With the aid of BERT and topic modelling, this categorical detection enables insights into the underlying subtlety of racist discussion on digital platforms during COVID-19. Our study contributes to enriching the scholarly discussion on deviant racist behaviours on social media. First, a stage-wise analysis is applied to capture the dynamics of the topic changes across the early stages of COVID-19 which transformed from a domestic epidemic to an international public health emergency and later to a global pandemic. Furthermore, mapping this trend enables a more accurate prediction of public opinion evolvement concerning racism in the offline world, and meanwhile, the enactment of specified intervention strategies to combat the upsurge of racism during the global public health crisis like COVID-19. In addition, this interdisciplinary research also points out a direction for future studies on social network analysis and mining. Integration of social science perspectives into the development of computational methods provides insights into more accurate data detection and analytics.
Analysis and optimization of energy flow in the full chain of carbon dioxide capture and oil recovery
Authors: Zhang Fu-Zhen , Xu Rui-Na , He Ying-Fu , Fang Xin , Jiang Pei-Xue 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCO2 capture is a process with a high energy consumption, and its large-scale implementation should be based on comprehensive analysis of its impact on the energy, economy, and environment. The process of injecting CO2 into existing oil fields is a well-known enhanced oil recovery (CO2-EOR) technique. Using CO2 as a working fluid to recover oil can compensate for the energy consumption of the capture and transport processes, increasing the feasibility of CO2 capture while achieving carbon sequestration. In this study, a full-chain CO2 capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) system based on the post-combustion capture method is deconstructed and coupled. A full-chain energy consumption calculation software is developed, and optimization analysis of the energy consumption system is conducted. The energy budget of the oil displacement utilization is deconstructed, and the advantages of the water alternating gas (WAG) method are clarified from an energy budget point of view. The analysis reveals that the benefits of CO2-EOR are far greater than the energy consumption of other CCUS processes, and CCUS-EOR is a CO2 utilization method with positive energy benefits. Based on the simulation of the effects of N2 and CH4 on the recovery factor, a multi-well combined injection-production method is proposed, and the reasons for increasing profit are analyzed.
A case study approach to understanding the pathway to individualised funded supports under the National Disability Insurance Scheme for community-dwelling individuals with acquired brain injury
Authors: Skinner Michael , Quinn Ray , Nance Judith , Wright Suzanne , Kendall Melissa 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground:The National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) offers opportunity against a historical background of underfunded and fragmented services for people with disability. For people with acquired brain injury (ABI), concerns have been raised about how they access NDIS individualised funded supports. The aim of this research was to explore how community-dwelling individuals with ABI in Queensland navigate the NDIS participant pathway to individualised funded supports.Methods:This study used a multiple case study design within a policy implementation framework. Twelve people with ABI, nine family members and eight NDIS funded and mainstream service providers participated. Data was collected from relevant NDIS documentation, health records and semi-structured interviews with individuals with ABI, family members, and service providers.Results:The current study highlighted the complexity of navigating the NDIS participant pathway of access, planning, implementation and review for people with ABI, their family and service providers. The NDIS pathway was impacted by the insurance and market based NDIS model itself, time, communication, and the requirement for external supports. Equally, the process was affected by environmental factors, individual person and injury factors as well as service providers, with a range of outcomes evident at the individual, family and system level.Conclusions:Findings suggest that the NDIS has struggled to make specific allowance for people with ABI and the complexity of their disabilities. Providing people with ABI access to the NDIS Complex Support Needs Pathway may redress many of the difficulties people with ABI experience accessing and using NDIS funded supports.
OPPOSITION TO BUDDHISM AND THE HAN LEGACY
Authors: Barrett T. H. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMichael Loewe has repeatedly and as recently as 2021 looked at how Confucius appears in Han sources and has drawn attention to his lack of prominence, at least to the degree one might expect. Here, a preliminary assessment of the sources of opposition to Buddhism in one key sixth-century c.e. collection of polemics further demonstrates that adherence to mingjiao 名教 (Teaching of a Good Name) or to lijiao 禮教 (teaching on ritual) appears there as the main identifiers of opponents; rujiao, the term often later translated as “Confucianism,” is mentioned but once. While the commitment to values such as filial piety promoted by opponents of Buddhism is clear; their institutional coherence and self-awareness as a group does not seem to have been at all on a par with that of the Buddhist community. That situation did not start to shift until the Tang dynasty.
Amyloid-like Hfq interaction with single-stranded DNA: involvement in recombination and replication inEscherichia coli
Authors: Kubiak Krzysztof , Wien Frank , Yadav Indresh , Jones Nykola C. , Vrønning Hoffmann Søren , Le Cam Eric , Cossa Antoine , Geinguenaud Frederic , van der Maarel Johan R. C. , Węgrzyn Grzegorz , Arluison Véronique 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInteractions between proteins and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) are crucial for many fundamental biological processes, including DNA replication and genetic recombination. Thus, understanding detailed mechanisms of these interactions is necessary to uncover regulatory rules occurring in all living cells. The RNA-binding Hfq is a pleiotropic bacterial regulator that mediates many aspects of nucleic acid metabolism. The protein notably mediates mRNA stability and translation efficiency by using stress-related small regulatory RNA as cofactors. In addition, Hfq helps to compact double-stranded DNA. In this paper, we focused on the action of Hfq on ssDNA. A combination of experimental methodologies, including spectroscopy and molecular imaging, has been used to probe the interactions of Hfq and its amyloid C-terminal region with ssDNA. Our analysis revealed that Hfq binds to ssDNA. Moreover, we demonstrate for the first time that Hfq drastically changes the structure and helical parameters of ssDNA, mainly due to its C-terminal amyloid-like domain. The formation of the nucleoprotein complexes between Hfq and ssDNA unveils important implications for DNA replication and recombination.
Do You Use Love to Make it Lovely? The Role of Meaning Overlap across Morphological Relatives in the Development of Morphological Representations
Authors: QUEMART Pauline , WOLTER Julie A. , CHEN Xi , DEACON S. Hélène 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe examined whether and how the degree of meaning overlap between morphologically related words influences sentence plausibility judgment in children. In two separate studies with kindergarten and second-graders, English-speaking and French-speaking children judged the plausibility of sentences that included two paired target words. Some of these word pairs were morphologically related, across three conditions with differing levels of meaning overlap: low (wait-waiter), moderate (fold-folder) and high (farm-farmer). In another two conditions, word pairs were related only by phonology (rock-rocket) or semantics (car-automobile). Children in both ages and languages demonstrated higher plausibility scores as meaning overlap increased between morphologically related words. Further, kindergarten children rated sentences that included word pairs with phonological overlap as more plausible than second-grade children, while second-grade children rated those with high meaning overlap as more plausible than kindergarten children. We interpret these findings in light of current models of morphological development.
The role of National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies in the development of international humanitarian law: Lessons learned and perspectives based on the Belgian Red Cross experience
Authors: Casier Frédéric , De Grève Laura 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNational Societies can assist their authorities in the development of international humanitarian law (IHL). This role has been consolidated in their mandate, especially through their auxiliary role in support of public authorities in the humanitarian field. This article recalls the main legal bases from which this role is derived. Based on the Belgian Red Cross experience, it demonstrates how the National Societies’ support to the promotion and national implementation measures of IHL can constitute an incentive for further elaboration of IHL treaties and policies. It also highlights their humanitarian diplomacy work to assist the International Committee of the Red Cross's approach at the international level. Finally, the article shares some thoughts to increase the Movement's collective impact in IHL development.
Development of a Multi‐Region Power System Risk Management Model for Supporting China's Carbon Neutrality Ambition in 2060s
Authors: Li J. Z. , Huang G. H. , Li Y. P. , Chen J. P. , He C. Y. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn order to peak emissions before 2030 and to achieve the net‐zero ambition around 2060, China urgently needs to accelerate low‐carbon transition, especially in the power system. Previous studies were mainly focused on deterministic optimization, with some of them being followed by sensitivity analyses. To tackle the gaps and to support the net‐zero ambition, this study develops a multi‐region power system risk management (MPRM) model to analyze composite effects of renewable energy development and inter‐regional electricity transmission under uncertainties, and their combinations to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060. In detail, MPRM can (a) reveal the downward trend in costs of renewable energy and the increasing in inter‐regional electricity transmission; (b) tackle the uncertainties expressed as intervals; (c) support the low‐carbon transition of the power system. Under the renewable‐dominated power structure, 90% of China's electricity demands can be derived from non‐fossil sources by 2060. Inter‐regional electricity transmission will continue to expand due to the dramatic decreases in the costs of renewables and fast‐growing demands for electricity. Northwest and east regions will be the main exporter and importer of renewable electricity. Carbon emissions from power system will peak in 2030 (about 6.21% above the 2020 level) and be eliminated by 96% (of 2030 levels) by 2060. These results can provide support for expansion of renewable capacities, acceleration of low‐carbon transition in power structure, elimination of barriers in electricity trading across regions, and exploration of the trade‐off between system costs and risk.
The Effect of Compression Induced Chorus Waves on 10–100 s eV Electron Precipitation
Authors: Halford A. J. , Garcia‐Sage K. , Mann I. R. , Turner D. L. , Breneman A. W. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOn 7 January 2014, a solar storm erupted, which eventually compressed the Earth's magnetosphere leading to the generation of chorus waves. These waves enhanced local wave‐particle interactions and led to the precipitation of electrons from 10 s eV to 100 s keV. This paper shows observations of a low energy cutoff in the precipitation spectrum from Van Allen Probe B Helium Oxygen Proton Electron measurements. This low energy cutoff is well replicated by the predicted loss calculated from pitch angle diffusion coefficients from wave and plasma observations on Probe B. To our knowledge, this is the first time a single spacecraft has been used to demonstrate an accurate theoretical prediction for chorus wave‐induced precipitation and its low energy cutoff. The specific properties of the precipitating soft electron spectrum have implications for ionospheric activity, with the lowest energies mainly contributing to thermospheric and ionospheric upwelling, which influences satellite drag and ionospheric outflow.
Derivation and validation of an epigenetic frailty risk score in population-based cohorts of older adults
Authors: Li Xiangwei , Delerue Thomas , Schöttker Ben , Holleczek Bernd , Grill Eva , Peters Annette , Waldenberger Melanie , Thorand Barbara , Brenner Hermann 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDNA methylation (DNAm) patterns in peripheral blood have been shown to be associated with aging related health outcomes. We perform an epigenome-wide screening to identify CpGs related to frailty, defined by a frailty index (FI), in a large population-based cohort of older adults from Germany, the ESTHER study. Sixty-five CpGs are identified as frailty related methylation loci. Using LASSO regression, 20 CpGs are selected to derive a DNAm based algorithm for predicting frailty, the epigenetic frailty risk score (eFRS). The eFRS exhibits strong associations with frailty at baseline and after up to five-years of follow-up independently of established frailty risk factors. These associations are confirmed in another independent population-based cohort study, the KORA-Age study, conducted in older adults. In conclusion, we identify 65 CpGs as frailty-related loci, of which 20 CpGs are used to calculate the eFRS with predictive performance for frailty over long-term follow-up.
Systematic analysis of low-affinity transcription factor binding site clusters in vitro and in vivo establishes their functional relevance
Authors: Shahein Amir , López-Malo Maria , Istomin Ivan , Olson Evan J. , Cheng Shiyu , Maerkl Sebastian J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBinding to binding site clusters has yet to be characterized in depth, and the functional relevance of low-affinity clusters remains uncertain. We characterized transcription factor binding to low-affinity clusters in vitro and found that transcription factors can bind concurrently to overlapping sites, challenging the notion of binding exclusivity. Furthermore, small clusters with binding sites an order of magnitude lower in affinity give rise to high mean occupancies at physiologically-relevant transcription factor concentrations. To assess whether the observed in vitro occupancies translate to transcriptional activation in vivo, we tested low-affinity binding site clusters in a synthetic and native gene regulatory network in S. cerevisiae. In both systems, clusters of low-affinity binding sites generated transcriptional output comparable to single or even multiple consensus sites. This systematic characterization demonstrates that clusters of low-affinity binding sites achieve substantial occupancies, and that this occupancy can drive expression in eukaryotic promoters.
Recovery of chloroplast genomes from medieval millet grains excavated from the Areni-1 cave in southern Armenia
Authors: Richards Stephen M. , Li Leiting , Breen James , Hovhannisyan Nelli , Estrada Oscar , Gasparyan Boris , Gilliham Matthew , Smith Alexia , Cooper Alan , Zhang Heng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPanicum miliaceum L. was domesticated in northern China at least 7000 years ago and was subsequentially adopted in many areas throughout Eurasia. One such locale is Areni-1 an archaeological cave site in Southern Armenia, where vast quantities archaeobotanical material were well preserved via desiccation. The rich botanical material found at Areni-1 includes P. miliaceum grains that were identified morphologically and14C dated to the medieval period (873 ± 36 CE and 1118 ± 35 CE). To investigate the demographic and evolutionary history of the Areni-1 millet, we used ancient DNA extraction, hybridization capture enrichment, and high throughput sequencing to assemble three chloroplast genomes from the medieval grains and then compared these sequences to 50 modern P. miliaceum chloroplast genomes. Overall, the chloroplast genomes contained a low amount of diversity with domesticated accessions separated by a maximum of 5 SNPs and little inference on demography could be made. However, in phylogenies the chloroplast genomes separated into two clades, similar to what has been reported for nuclear DNA from P. miliaceum. The chloroplast genomes of two wild (undomesticated) accessions of P. miliaceum contained a relatively large number of variants, 11 SNPs, not found in the domesticated accessions. These results demonstrate that P. miliaceum grains from archaeological sites can preserve DNA for at least 1000 years and serve as a genetic resource to study the domestication of this cereal crop.
Increased terrigenous input from North America to the northern Mendeleev Ridge (western Arctic Ocean) since the mid-Brunhes Event
Authors: Park Kwangkyu , Wang Rujian , Xiao Wenshen , Polyak Leonid , Cho Hyen Goo , Khim Boo-Keun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMid-Brunhes Event (MBE) occurred at approximately 420 ka between Marine Isotope Stage 11 and 12, and is considered the most pronounced climatic shift during the last ~ 800 kyrs. On the other hand, it is unclear if the MBE was global, despite being observed in the high-latitude Northern Hemispheric cryosphere in terms of climate systems. A 5.35-m long gravity core ARC5-MA01 was obtained from the northern Mendeleev Ridge in the western Arctic Ocean to track the paleoenvironmental changes in terms of the terrigenous sedimentation in response to the glacial-interglacial climate changes across the MBE. Geochemical proxies (biogenic opal, total organic carbon, C/N ratio, carbon isotope of organic matter, and calcium carbonate) of MA01 suggest that the terrigenous input was generally higher during the interglacial periods. Based on a mineralogical examination, most of the terrigenous input was attributed to the abundance of dolomite and the increased kaolinite content from North America. In particular, most paleoceanographic proxies showed that the terrigenous input from North America was enhanced distinctly during the post-MBE interglacial periods. These results suggest that the MBE in the western Arctic Ocean was a global climatic shift closely linked to cryospheric development in North America during the middle Pleistocene.
Feasibility and sensitivity study of radiomic features in photoacoustic imaging of patient-derived xenografts
Authors: Escudero Sanchez Lorena , Brown Emma , Rundo Leonardo , Ursprung Stephan , Sala Evis , Bohndiek Sarah E. , Partarrieu Ignacio Xavier 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPhotoacoustic imaging is an increasingly popular method of exploring the tumour microenvironment, which can provide insight into tumour oxygenation status and potentially treatment response assessment. Currently, the measurements most commonly performed on such images are the mean and median of the pixel values of the tumour volumes of interest. We investigated expanding the set of measurements that can be extracted from these images by adding radiomic features. In particular, we found thatSkewnesswas sensitive to differences between basal and luminal patient derived xenograft cancer models with an$$\eta ^2$$η2of 0.86, and that it was robust to variations in confounding factors such as reconstruction type and wavelength. We also built discriminant models with radiomic features that were correlated with the underlying tumour model and were independent from each other. We then ranked features by their importance in the model.Skewnesswas again found to be an important feature, as were10th Percentile, Root Mean Squared, and several other texture-based features. In summary, this paper proposes a methodology to select radiomic features extracted from photoacoustic images that are robust to changes in acquisition and reconstruction parameters, and discusses features found to have discriminating power between the underlying tumour models in a pre-clinical dataset.