bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of airflow limitation, dyspnoea, and both in the general population: the Nagahama study
Authors: Kogo Mariko , Sato Susumu , Muro Shigeo , Matsumoto Hisako , Nomura Natsuko , Tashima Noriyuki , Oguma Tsuyoshi , Sunadome Hironobu , Nagasaki Tadao , Murase Kimihiko , Kawaguchi Takahisa , Tabara Yasuharu , Matsuda Fumihiko , Chin Kazuo , Hirai Toyohiro 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSubjects with subclinical respiratory dysfunction who do not meet the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) criteria have attracted attention with regard to early COPD intervention. Our aim was to longitudinally investigate the risks for the development of airflow limitation (AFL) and dyspnoea, the main characteristics of COPD, in a large-scale community-based general population study. The Nagahama study included 9789 inhabitants, and a follow-up evaluation was conducted after 5 years. AFL was diagnosed using a fixed ratio (forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) < 0.7). We enrolled normal subjects aged 40–75 years with no AFL, dyspnoea or prior diagnosis of asthma or COPD at baseline. In total, 5865 subjects were analysed, 310 subjects had subclinical respiratory dysfunction (FEV1/FVC < the lower limit of normal; n = 57, and FEV1 < 80% of the predicted value (preserved ratio impaired spirometry); n = 256). A total of 5086 subjects attended the follow-up assessment, and 449 and 1021 subjects developed AFL and dyspnoea, respectively. Of these, 100 subjects developed AFL with dyspnoea. Baseline subclinical respiratory dysfunction was independently and significantly associated with AFL with dyspnoea development within 5 years. Subjects with subclinical respiratory dysfunction are at risk of developing COPD-like features and require careful monitoring.
Cross-sectional association of equol producing status with aortic calcification in Japanese men aged 40–79 years
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Fujiyoshi Akira , Kadota Aya , Kondo Keiko , Torii Sayuki , Okami Yukiko , Hisamatsu Takashi , Yano Yuichiro , Barinas-Mitchell Emma , Magnani Jared , Miura Katsuyuki , Ueshima Hirotsugu , Sekikawa Akira 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEquol is an isoflavone (ISF)-derived metabolite by the gut microbiome in certain individuals termed equol-producers (EP). Equol might be the critical anti-atherogenic component of ISFs. In a population-based study of 979 Japanese men aged 40–79 without cardiovascular (CVD) or chronic kidney disease, we measured the urinary levels of equol and ISFs. Aortic calcification (AC) in the entire aorta was assessed by electron-beam or multi-detector-row computed tomography. Subjects with log10 (urinary equol to daidzein concentration) > − 1.5 were classified as EP. EP was further classified as person with low- and high-equol. We analyzed the association between equol-producing status and AC presence, defined as AC score > 0, by the logistic regressions. We found that EP (50% of the sample) had significantly lower odds of AC presence (odds ratio (OR): 0.62, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.39, 0.98) compared to non-EP. This association was independent of CVD risk factors. For the dose–response association, compared to non-EP, subjects with low and high levels of equol had ORs of 0.51 (95% CI 0.30, 0.84) and 0.67 (95% CI 0.39, 1.14) after adjusting for major CVD risk factors (p for trend = 0.06). ISFs concentrations were not significantly associated with AC presence (OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 0.82, 1.69). In conclusion, EP had a significantly lower burden of AC than non-EP, while ISFs were not associated with AC presence in Japanese men aged 40–79 years.
Antagonist muscle torque at the ankle interfere with maximal voluntary contraction under isometric and anisometric conditions
Authors: Billot Maxime , Duclay Julien , Rigoard Philippe , David Romain , Martin Alain 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWhile resultant maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) is commonly used to assess muscular performance, the simultaneous activation of antagonist muscles may dramatically underestimate the strength of the agonist muscles. Although quantification of antagonist torque has been performed in isometric conditions, it has yet to be determined in anisometric conditions. The aim of the study was to compare the mechanical impact of antagonist torque between eccentric, isometric and concentric contractions in PF and DF MVCs. The MVCs in dorsiflexion (DF) and plantar-flexion (PF) were measured in isometric, concentric and eccentric conditions (10° s-1) in nine healthy men (26.1 ± 2.7 years; 1.78 ± 0.05 m; 73.4 ± 6.5 kg) through two sessions. Electromyographic (EMG) activities from the soleus, gastrocnemius medialis and lateralis, and tibialis anterior muscles were simultaneously recorded. The EMG biofeedback method was used to quantify antagonist torque. Resultant torque significantly underestimated agonist torque in DF MVC (30–65%) and to a lesser extent in PF MVC (3%). Triceps surae antagonist torque was significantly modified with muscle contraction type, showing higher antagonist torque in isometric (29 Nm) than in eccentric (23 Nm, p < 0.001) and concentric (14 Nm, p < 0.001) conditions and resulting in modification of the DF MVC torque-velocity shape. Estimation of the antagonist torque in isometric or anisometric conditions provides new relevant insights to improve neuromuscular performance assessment and to better design strength training and rehabilitation programs related to the torque applied by agonist and antagonist muscles.
Preprogrammed assembly of supramolecular polymer networks via the controlled disassembly of a metastable rotaxane
Authors: Washino Gosuke , Soto Miguel A. , Wolff Siad , MacLachlan Mark J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn our daily life, some of the most valuable commodities are preprogrammed or preassembled by a manufacturer; the end-user puts together the final product and gathers properties or function as desired. Here, we present a chemical approach to preassembled materials, namely supramolecular polymer networks (SPNs), which wait for an operator’s command to organize autonomously. In this prototypical system, the controlled disassembly of a metastable interlocked molecule (rotaxane) liberates an active species to the medium. This species crosslinks a ring-containing polymer and assembles with a reporting macrocycle to produce colorful SPNs. We demonstrate that by using identical preprogrammed systems, one can access multiple supramolecular polymer networks with different degrees of fluidity (μ* = 2.5 to 624 Pa s-1) and color, all as desired by the end-user.
Mitigating the impact of biased artificial intelligence in emergency decision-making
Authors: Adam Hammaad , Balagopalan Aparna , Alsentzer Emily , Christia Fotini , Ghassemi Marzyeh 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Prior research has shown that artificial intelligence (AI) systems often encode biases against minority subgroups. However, little work has focused on ways to mitigate the harm discriminatory algorithms can cause in high-stakes settings such as medicine.

Methods
In this study, we experimentally evaluated the impact biased AI recommendations have on emergency decisions, where participants respond to mental health crises by calling for either medical or police assistance. We recruited 438 clinicians and 516 non-experts to participate in our web-based experiment. We evaluated participant decision-making with and without advice from biased and unbiased AI systems. We also varied the style of the AI advice, framing it either as prescriptive recommendations or descriptive flags.

Results
Participant decisions are unbiased without AI advice. However, both clinicians and non-experts are influenced by prescriptive recommendations from a biased algorithm, choosing police help more often in emergencies involving African-American or Muslim men. Crucially, using descriptive flags rather than prescriptive recommendations allows respondents to retain their original, unbiased decision-making.

Conclusions
Our work demonstrates the practical danger of using biased models in health contexts, and suggests that appropriately framing decision support can mitigate the effects of AI bias. These findings must be carefully considered in the many real-world clinical scenarios where inaccurate or biased models may be used to inform important decisions.
Electricity theft detection method based on multi‐domain feature fusion
Authors: Zhao Hong‐shan , Sun Cheng‐yan , Ma Li‐bo , Xue Yang , Guo Xiao‐mei , Chang Jie‐ying 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo solve the problem of low accuracy of the previous electricity theft detection methods, the authors propose a multi‐domain feature (MDF) fusion electricity theft detection method based on improved tensor fusion (ITF). Firstly, the original electricity consumption series is transformed by gram angle field (GAF) to obtain the time‐domain matrix. The original electricity consumption series is converted into frequency‐domain by Maximal Overlap Discrete Wavelet Transform (MODWT) to obtain the frequency‐domain matrix. Then, the convolutional neural networks (CNN) are used to extract features of the time‐domain matrix and frequency‐domain matrix, respectively. Next, in order to fuse single‐domain feature information and MDF interaction information while reducing redundant information, the authors propose an ITF method to obtain a multi‐domain fusion tensor. Finally, the multi‐domain fusion tensor is input into the electricity theft inference module to judge whether the user implements electricity theft behaviour. The authors simulate six electricity theft types and evaluate the method's performance separately for each electricity theft type. The results show that the proposed method outperforms other methods.
Study on the effects of nitro-based fuel additive on diesel engine performance and emissions
Authors: Yin Zenghui , Jing Xiaojun , Zhang Lin , Zhang Enxing , Wu Mingding 
Published: November 2022

Through adding nitro-based fuel additive into diesel fuel,the influences of additive on engine performance, gaseous emission, particle number concentration and exhaust smoke were studied on a test bench. Meanwhile, the functioning mechanism and combustion characteristics were studied through constant volume combustion vessel. The system is composed of high pressure common rail fuel injection system, high pressure constant volume combustion vessel, high speed camera, data synchronization and acquisition system. The maximum diesel injection pressure is 160 MPa, and it can be heated to 1000 K under the back pressure of 3 MPa.
According to the research results, adding fuel additive can decrease both exhaust smoke and exhaust temperature of engine for european steady state cycle(ESC). Moreover, The fuel additive improved the engine’s power slightly and expanded the economic fuel consumption working area. The minimum fuel consumption rate was reduced from 204.6g/kWh to 202.2g/kWh, and the highest fuel saving rate was about 2%. After adding MAZ, the mass of the recycled particles can be reduced by about 15%,and the average smoke intensity of most operating points showed a downward trend, with a maximum drop of 55%, the NOx weighted emissions of the whole cycle decreased by more than 2%. After adding nitro-based fuel additive, the ignition delay and flame lift-off length became longer in the combustion process, but the duration of combustion was shorter, which are in accordance with chemical reaction kinetics analysis.
Le stellarator, en mode Renaissance Fusion
Authors: Le Gros Gaïc 
Published: November 2022

Renaissance Fusion porte, comme son nom l’indique, un projet innovant de fusion nucléaire. Parmi les différentes technologies étudiées dans le monde, l’entreprise mise sur le stellarator pour construire à terme un « petit » réacteur compact de 1000 MWe.
Classifiers in nDrapa
Authors: Huang Yang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper introduces noun categorization devices in nDrapa. It argues that nDrapa usually requires both numeral classifiers and verbal action classifiers to express classificatory techniques. Morphologically, classifiers are fused with numerals; without the involvement of classifiers, numerals cannot be directly associated with nouns. Classifiers can derive from the pragmatic function, in which a considerable number of classifier-derived quantifiers and adverbs reveal the adverbial function with respect to the softening voice and politeness. Historically, the majority of classifiers can trace their etyma back to nouns. This paper’s five sections explore the grammatical properties of classifiers in nDrapa. InSection 2andSection 3, I provide background information on numerals and numeral classifiers, and describe the characteristics of verbal action classifiers in nDrapa.Section 4explores expressions relevant to classifier-related grammatical categories. InSection 5, I summarize the pragmatic and functional properties of classifiers in nDrapa. InSection 6, I introduce the origin and development of classifiers in this language. To conclude this paper, I propose that the limited number of classifiers in nDrapa may exhibit an infant development of classificatory devices in this language.
Nominal classification in Zhuang
Authors: Luo Yongxian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Zhuang language employs a system of nominal classification, including numeral classifiers, modifier classifiers, class terms, kin prefixes, gender markers, prefixable morphemes for topographic names, among others. Quite often, the same set of morphemes is used as numeral classifiers and with demonstratives. The numeral classifier system is particularly salient, comprising numeral terms and noun classifiers, with dozens of classifiers featuring fine semantic distinctions. The modifier classifier system involves the use of classifiers in nominal modification of all kinds. The kinship system consists of kinship terms which take prefixes and other human terms as prefixes to personal names. Gender markers are found for human nouns, some kinship terms and animal nouns or plant names. Toponyms or place names are headed by morphemes describing the topographic or geographic features of the places or locations in question. Discourse contexts may also help to differentiate different types of Classifier Phrase.
An explanation of causal-noncausal verb alternations in terms of frequency of use
Authors: Inoue Kazuko 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
To account for the cross-linguistic trends in the coding of causal-noncausal verb pairs, such as break (tr.)/break (intr.), Haspelmath et al. (2014) proposed, and provided corpus-based support for, an explanation in terms of usage frequency (Prediction 1, hereafter P1). However, this explanation cannot be applied to English causal-noncausal verb pairs. Since English mostly uses the same verb form for the causal and noncausal verb use, the explanation does not follow the form–frequency correspondence principle (hereafter FFCP) that Prediction 1 (hereafter P1) is based upon. In this article I argue, by using causative-affixed verbs, that for a linguistic pair there is a strong correlation in terms of frequency between form and earlier occurrence. Therefore, in place of the FFCP and P1, I propose the earlier occurrence – frequency correspondence principle (hereafter EOFCP) and the Revised Prediction 1 (hereafter RP1) based on it. This study tests the validity of the EOFCP and RP1 by applying them to 20 English verb pairs of sound emission. The investigation of frequency was made not only in present-day English but also at the time when the intransitive or transitive use came to be paired with its counterpart. The analysis shows that by applying the RP1 to the frequency data at the two time periods, we can obtain considerably high scores of matching rate, with a significant Spearman rank order correlation between the two groups.
Stance-taking towards chronotopes as a window into people’s reactions to societal crises
Authors: De Fina Anna 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The focus of this article is the analysis of stance taking vis-à-vis a chronotope born during the Covid-19
pandemic as a window into how people react to global crises and into the kinds of values that get an uptake and become widely
shared in periods of unrest. I focus on Twitter users’ reactions in relation to a “chronotope of the balcony performances” that
developed in Italy during the national lockdown. I analyze the stances that participants express towards the chronotope itself and
a variety of objects related to it, and the semiotic resources that they recruit to do so. I show how a general positive reaction
to the chronotope is related to the balcony performances being seen as expressing solidarity. Data for the paper come from 110 top
tweets resulting from a search based on the presence of chronotope-related words and 95 tweets responding to one of the original
tweets.
When invoked voices blame real politicians
Authors: Gruber Helmut 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This case study analyses the socio-pragmatic effects of invoked multiple voices in a commemorative speech delivered by Austrian writer Michael Köhlmeier on the occasion of the 2018 Austrian commemoration day against violence and fascism. Köhlmeier uses different forms of discourse representation to blame politicians of the then Austrian government for their political statements and actions. The focus of this article is on the speaker’s combination of (imagined and real) sources and forms of discourse representation, resulting in strategically deployed perspective shifts to express opposition and blame. Furthermore, the sociopragmatic functions of these rhetorical and textual strategies in the context of situation, as well as in the wider context of the Austrian culture of collective remembrance are explored, in particular by showing that by blaming actual Austrian politicians for their political statements and actions, the traditional consensual commemorative discourse is breached. This latter effect is probably responsible for the huge public attention the speech attracted in 2018.
Resemblance in comments/posts interaction
Authors: Weizman Elda , Kohn Ayelet 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper studies dialogicity in posts and their comments. Focusing on political slogans in the Facebook page of Israel PM Binyamin Netanyahu, we examine the ways comments meta-represent the posts in various degrees of resemblance. Starting with the premise that comments/post interactions are dialogic in the Bakhtinian sense, we argue that comments are dialogic in yet another way, which is related to the form and degree of resemblance between them. The conceptualization draws on the notion of meta-representation supplemented by insights gained from accommodation theory and Bakhtin’s dialogism. We argue that through resemblance, the propositional content, ideology and viewpoint conveyed by the initiating slogan are incorporated in the comment, and a tacit dialogue is constructed between them. An additional layer of polyphony is added to the multiplicity of ratified voices otherwise manifest in the interaction between separate posts and comments.
Polemic polyphony
Authors: Noy Chaim 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Bakhtin famously argued that language-as-used is essentially dialogic. One pragmatic implication concerns how dialogicity is established in various contexts. In political discourse, polemic polyphony emerges from the juxtaposition of adversarial voices of political actors: a dialogue in which different voices index different ideological orientations. Polyphonic ensembles establish discoursal scenes and make them recognizable, enabling distinctions such as those between ‘us’ and ‘them’, and between heroes and villains. Overall, they assist speakers in the semiotic mediation of political relations.
The corpus includes eighteen speeches delivered during a dissent event that takes place after the Sheikh Jarrah weekly anti-occupation demonstration in East Jerusalem. The speeches are given in Hebrew by a Palestinian neighborhood resident and activist, to a small audience of regular Jewish-Israeli protestors. Through studying noninstitutionalized political discourse, dialogicity and polemic polyphony are illuminated in an on-the-ground, context-rich, and marginalized setting.
Dialogic language and meta-language in a conflictual discourse
Authors: Spokoiny Ohala , Livnat Zohar 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Based on Buber’s dialogic philosophy, ideas from the ethics of dialogue and politeness theory, we analyze letters
written by members of an Israeli organization named Besod Siach – who come from both the left and right wings,
are both religious and secular, who decided to broaden and deepen the dialogue between different groups in Israeli society against
the backdrop of the polarization, alienation and violence threatening the state’s integrity and democratic foundations.
Our analysis has three focal points: the language of the letters themselves, meta-linguistic utterances that
appear in the letters and explicitly refer to the language the writers choose to use or refrain from using, and meta-textual
utterances that relate more generally to the dialogic approach guiding the members of the group. Harmony is evinced among these
three perspectives, thus exemplifying the conditions needed in order to hold an argumentative discourse that promotes
dialogue.
Doing things with discourse in the mediated political arena
Authors: Fetzer Anita 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper examines the contextual constraints and requirements of discursive action in question-answer-sequences
based discourse genres (interviews, Prime Minister’s Questions, People’s Prime Minister’s Questions) in mediated political
discourse. It considers the multilayeredness of participation and pluralism of discursive action on the one hand, and the
delimiting frame of the dialogic discourse genres on the other. It shows that both have a decisive impact on the participants’
meaning-making processes in context: the inherently unbounded participation framework contributes to pluralism of discursive
action, while genre- and media constraints narrow down the scope of production and interpretation. This does not only hold for the
stage at which a discursive action occurs in the discourse, but also for its degree of explicitness with regard to presuppositions
and felicity conditions.
Virtual dialogues in monologic political discourse
Authors: Cap Piotr 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper describes ways in which political speakers define and legitimize future policies by construing different policy options in terms of ‘privileged’ and ‘oppositional’ futures. Privileged and oppositional futures are conceptual projections of alternative policy visions occurring in quasi-dialogic chunks of speech, revealing specific evidential, mood, and modality patterns. Privileged future involves the speaker’s preferred, or at least acknowledged vision and is articulated through absolute modality and evidential markers which derive from factual evidence, history, and reason. Oppositional future involves an antagonistic and plainly threatening vision, expressed by probabilistic modality and (usually) the interrogative mood. Following the principle of psychological consistency in belief, oppositional future is normally communicated first, allowing for a swift and strong response from the privileged future expressed in the speaker-preferred vision.