bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanism investigation and experiment validation of capsaicin on uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma
Authors: Lin Zhiheng , Sui Xiaohui , Jiao Wenjian , Chen Chong , Zhang Xiaodan , Zhao Junde 
Published: September 2022

Background:Using bioinformatics analysis and experimental operations, we intend to analyze the potential mechanism of action of capsaicin target gene GATA1 in the treatment of uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) and develop a prognostic model for the disease to validate this model.Methods:By obtaining capsaicin and UCEC-related DR-DEGs, the prognosis-related gene GATA1 was screened. The survival analysis was conducted via establishing high and low expression groups of GATA1. Whether the GATA1 could be an independent prognostic factor for UCEC, it was also validated. The therapeutic mechanism of capsaicin-related genes in UCEC was further investigated using enrichment analysis and immune methods as well as in combination with single-cell sequencing data. Finally, it was validated by cell experiments.Results:GATA1, a high-risk gene associated with prognosis, was obtained by screening. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the survival of the high expression group was lower than that of low expression group. ROC curves showed that the prediction effect of the model was good and stable (1-year area under curve (AUC): 0.601; 2-years AUC: 0.575; 3-years AUC: 0.610). Independent prognosis analysis showed that the GATA1 can serve as an independent prognostic factor for UCEC. Enrichment analysis showed that “neuroactive Ligand - receptor interaction and TYPE I DIABETES MELLITUS” had a significant enrichment effect. Single-cell sequencing showed that the GATA1 was significantly expressed in mast cells. Cell experiments showed that the capsaicin significantly reduced the UCEC cell activity and migration ability, as well as inhibited the expression of GATA1.Conclusion:This study suggests that the capsaicin has potential value and application prospect in the treatment of UCEC. It provides new genetic markers for the prognosis of UCEC patients.
Community pharmacists’ perceived value on precision medicine, desired training components, and exposure during pharmacy education: Malaysia’s experience
Authors: Naimat Faiza , Fahrni Mathumalar Loganathan , Purushothaman Shankar , Abdul Ghani Mohamad Nizam , Chumnumwat Supatat , Babar Zaheer-Ud-Din 
Published: September 2022

Background: Precision medicine beckons new horizons for therapy geared to one’s genetics, lifestyle, and environmental determinants. Molecular, pathology, and clinical diagnostics can be integrated to provide pharmaceutical care.Aims: The value and appeal of precision medicine to community pharmacists, knowledge attained, and training programmes perceived as necessary were evaluated.Methods: Over 10 months, a published questionnaire, which was also digitally accessible during the COVID-19 outbreak, was distributed by hand, via email and social media. 300 community pharmacists across 9 districts in an urban state in Malaysia, self-administered and returned completed versions (response rate 75%). Three- or five-point Likert scale and multiple-choice responses were analysed using SPSS to assess whether or not exposure through the pharmacy curricula impacted current knowledge, perception and willingness to pursue precision medicine.Results: Respondents were largely: females (N = 196, 65.3%) and practicing for up to 10 years (N = 190, 66.3%). Although knowledge levels were moderate (76%), positive perceptions were showcased (94%), and 80% were willing to integrate precision medicine into their daily practice. Although 61% did not or do not recall having had prior exposure to pharmacogenomics as part of their pharmacy school curricula, many (93%) were willing to attain knowledge by undergoing additional training. Desired training included current pharmacogenetic testing available (17%), interpretation of the test results (15%), and ethical considerations (13%). Community pharmacists who had 0.5–10 years’ work experience possessed greater knowledge (μ = 1.48, CI 1.35–1.61, p = 0.017), than the pharmacists who had 21–40 years of work experience (μ = 1.28, CI 1.05–1.51, p = 0.021). Exposure to the subject during pharmacy education positively impacted the willingness to integrate precision medicine in daily practice (p = 0.035).Conclusion: Community pharmacists were receptive to and valued precision medicine. A relatively high number had prior exposure to concepts of precision medicine through the pharmacy curriculum, and were therefore willing to adopt the practice in their day-to-day provision of healthcare. With adequate training centred on bioethics, utilising pharmacogenetic testing, and interpretation of the results, community pharmacists will be equipped for the provision of precision medicine services in the foreseeable future.
Mechanisms of lymphoid depletion in bowel obstruction
Authors: Lin You-Min , Hegde Shrilakshmi , Cong Yingzi , Shi Xuan-Zheng 
Published: September 2022

Background and aims: Bowel obstruction (BO) causes not only gastrointestinal dysfunctions but also systemic responses such as sepsis, infections, and immune impairments. The mechanisms involved are not well understood. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that BO leads to lymphoid depletion in primary and peripheral lymphoid organs, which may contribute to systemic responses. We also sought to uncover mechanisms of lymphoid depletion in BO.Methods: Partial colon obstruction was induced with a band in the distal colon of Sprague-Dawley rats, and wild-type and osteopontin knockout (OPN−/−) mice. Obstruction was maintained for 7 days in rats and 4 days in mice. Thymus, bone marrow, spleen, and mesenteric lymph node (MLN) were taken for flow cytometry analysis.Results: The weight of thymus, spleen, and MLN was significantly decreased in BO rats, compared to sham. B and T lymphopoiesis in the bone marrow and thymus was suppressed, and numbers of lymphocytes, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells in the spleen and MLN were all decreased in BO. Depletion of gut microbiota blocked BO-associated lymphopenia in the MLN. Corticosterone antagonism partially attenuated BO-associated reduction of lymphocytes in the thymus and bone marrow. Plasma OPN levels and OPN expression in the distended colon were increased in BO. Deletion of the OPN gene did not affect splenic lymphopenia, but attenuated suppression of lymphopoiesis in the bone marrow and thymus in BO.Conclusions: BO suppresses lymphocyte generation and maintenance in lymphoid organs. Mechanical distention-induced OPN, corticosterone, and gut microbiota are involved in the immune phenotype in BO.
A machine learning-based diagnostic model for children with autism spectrum disorders complicated with intellectual disability
Authors: Song Chao , Jiang Zhong-Quan , Hu Li-Fei , Li Wen-Hao , Liu Xiao-Lin , Wang Yan-Yan , Jin Wen-Yuan , Zhu Zhi-Wei 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundEarly detection of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and comorbid intellectual disability (ID) can help in individualized intervention. Appropriate assessment and diagnostic tools are lacking in primary care. This study aims to explore the applicability of machine learning (ML) methods in diagnosing ASD comorbid ID compared with traditional regression models.MethodFrom January 2017 to December 2021, 241 children with ASD, with an average age of 6.41 ± 1.96, diagnosed in the Developmental Behavior Department of the Children’s Hospital Affiliated with the Medical College of Zhejiang University were included in the analysis. This study trained the traditional diagnostic models of Logistic regression (LR), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and two ensemble learning algorithms [Random Forest (RF) and XGBoost]. Socio-demographic and behavioral observation data were used to distinguish whether autistic children had combined ID. The hyperparameters adjustment uses grid search and 10-fold validation. The Boruta method is used to select variables. The model’s performance was evaluated using discrimination, calibration, and decision curve analysis (DCA).ResultAmong 241 autistic children, 98 (40.66%) were ASD comorbid ID. The four diagnostic models can better distinguish whether autistic children are complicated with ID, and the accuracy of SVM is the highest (0.836); SVM and XGBoost have better accuracy (0.800, 0.838); LR has the best sensitivity (0.939), followed by SVM (0.952). Regarding specificity, SVM, RF, and XGBoost performed significantly higher than LR (0.355). The AUC of ML (SVM, 0.835 [95% CI: 0.747–0.944]; RF, 0.829 [95% CI: 0.738–0.920]; XGBoost, 0.845 [95% CI: 0.734–0.937]) is not different from traditional LR (0.858 [95% CI: 0.770–0.944]). Only SVM observed a good calibration degree. Regarding DCA, LR, and SVM have higher benefits in a wider threshold range.ConclusionCompared to the traditional regression model, ML model based on socio-demographic and behavioral observation data, especially SVM, has a better ability to distinguish whether autistic children are combined with ID.
Effectiveness of Pfizer/BioNTech and Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccines in reducing hospital admissions in prince Hamza hospital, Jordan
Authors: Al-Momani Hafez , Aldajah Khawla , Alda'ajah Ebtisam , ALjafar Yousef , Abushawer Zainab 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundThere is a need to establish the effectiveness of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines in reducing COVID-19-related hopitalization of patients in Jordan. As the vaccination program accelerates, it is important to determine whether the vaccines' effectiveness (VE) has successfully reduced the number of acute cases admitted to hospital.MethodsTo determine the efficacy of Pfizer-BioNTech and Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccines among Jordanian patients admitted to Prince Hamza hospital, a single center case-control study was performed. The study analyzed the hospitalization rates of vaccinated (n = 536) and unvaccinated (n = 585) individuals across the 2-month period from February 6 to April 6, 2022. The cases were patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (“case-patients”), whilst the control group were hospital patients who did not test positive for SARS-CoV-2 (“control-patients”).ResultsThis study found that among 1,121 total participants (561 cases and 560 control), the overall vaccine effectiveness (VE) among the participants was 84% (95% Cl 79–88%). VE was higher in females (88%, 95% Cl 84–93%) than in males (77%, 95% Cl 67–84%) (p &lt; 0.001), and it was highest in those between the ages of 18 and 28-years-old (95%, 95% CI 86–98%). For patients with pre-existing conditions, including chronic heart disease, chronic lung disease, and diabetes, VE was higher compared to patients with no comorbidities, though the difference was not statistically significant. Finally, in comparing all vaccinated participants, VE was higher for those who received the Pfizer vaccine (VE = 92%, 95% CI 88–94%) (OR 0.08, 95% CI 0.06–0.12) than for those who received the Sinopharm vaccine (VE = 67%, 95% CI 52–78%) (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.22–0.48); (p = 0.011).ConclusionOverall, Pfizer and Sinopharm vaccines were found to be effective in limiting hospitalizations for acute cases of coronavirus among Jordanian adult's patient's cohort between February 6 and April 6, 2022, especially among patients with comorbidities.
Effectiveness of using e-government platform “Absher” as a tool for noncommunicable diseases survey in Saudi Arabia 2019–2020: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Alluhidan Mohammed , Alsukait Reem F. , Alghaith Taghred , Saber Rana , Alamri Adwa , Al-Muhsen Saleh , Alhowaitan Fahad , Alqarni Abdulmohsen , Herbst Christopher H. , Alazemi Nahar , Hersi Ahmad S. 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundE-government platforms provide an opportunity to use a novel data source for population health surveillance (also known as e-health). Absher is a Saudi e-government platform with 23 million authenticated users, including residents and citizens in Saudi Arabia. All Absher users were invited to participate in a web-based survey to estimate the prevalence of noncommunicable diseases and their risk factors in Saudi Arabia.ObjectiveTo assess the potential of using an e-government platform (Absher) to administer web-based health surveys.MethodsA cross-sectional, web-based health survey was administered to Absher users between April 2019 and March 2020. The survey instrument included eight items and took &lt;5 min to complete. The respondents' data were compared to Saudi Arabia's 2016 census. Descriptive summary statistics of the prevalence of major noncommuncable diseases are presented and compared to population-based prevalence data from Saudi Arabia's World Health Survey (WHS) 2019. All analysis was conducted using Stata 13.0.ResultsOverall, the Absher health survey had a 24.6% response rate, with most respondents being male (84%), Saudi (67%), and between 30 and 44 years of age (49%). Overall, the prevalence of noncommunicable diseases and risk factors among respondents was high for overweight (35%) and obesity (30%) and low for asthma (6%). The prevalence of diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension was between 15 and 17% on average, and 26.5% were smokers. In comparison to population-based World Health Survey estimates, the Absher survey overestimated obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and smoking rates, and underestimated overweight, whereas asthma prevalence was similar for Absher and the WHS.ConclusionsWith improvements in the study design, the use of e-government platforms can provide a useful and potentially low-cost data source for public health research.
Stand-alone anterior cervical decompression and fusion surgery: A cohort study evaluating a shaped cage without plates or screws
Authors: Chen Xiaolong , Sial Alisha , Stewart Charmian , Vargas Castillo Jose , Diwan Ashish D. 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundThe anterior approach to the cervical spine is the most commonly used surgery with effective decompression and less surgical trauma. Anterior plate construct (APC) is considered a standard technique. However, it appears to cause implant failure and postoperative dysphagia. Due to these reasons, locking stand-alone cages (LSCs) without the addition of an anterior plate have been developed and gained popularity in the past decade. In theory, an LSC could provide immediate load-bearing support to the anterior column of the cervical spine and may enhance the rate of arthrodesis. However, screw skiving and backing off are known complications of LSC. Given the characteristic shape of cervical discs, we wondered whether there may be a role for a shape-conforming cage without screws and plates to achieve desired outcomes, i.e., a true stand-alone cage (TSC). A single surgeon cohort using the cage in a heterogenic set of indications was evaluated.MethodsA total of 45 patients with degenerative cervical conditions who underwent surgery using TSC using CoRoent Small Contoured peek cage (Nuvasive, San Diego, CA) and Orthoblend™ (Medtronics, Memphis, TN) were retrospectively reviewed. Comparisons between preoperative and postoperative Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), the modified AAOS-Modems disability outcome, Neck Disability Index (NDI) scores, and Short Form 36 were evaluated. Operative time, the occurrence rate of fusion, lordosis change of cervical spine, and occurrence rate of complications were evaluated.ResultsThere were one-level (n = 15), two-level (n = 24), and three-level (n = 6) cases making a total of 81 cages implanted and studied. The mean operative time was 132.7 min. The group demonstrated significant improvements in NRS, AAOS-Modems disability outcome, and NDI scores after surgery (mean follow-up 12 months). The cervical lordosis at pre- and last follow-up period was 8.7 ± 2.2° and 8.3 ± 3.2°, respectively. The complication rate was 21.2%.ConclusionsTSC yielded satisfactory long-term clinical and radiological outcomes; this preliminary report can form the basis of a cost–benefit analysis study either prospectively or by way of meta-modeling comparing APC, LSC to TSC.
Nation-Wide Routinely Collected Health Datasets in China: A Scoping Review
Authors: Liu Yishu , Xiao Shaoming , Yin Xuejun , Gao Pei , Wu Jing , Xiong Shangzhi , Hockham Carinna , Hone Thomas , Wu Jason H. Y. , Pearson Sallie Anne , Neal Bruce , Tian Maoyi 
Published: September 2022

Objectives: The potential for using routinely collected data for medical research in China remains unclear. We sought to conduct a scoping review to systematically characterise nation-wide routinely collected datasets in China that may be of value for clinical research.Methods: We searched public databases and the websites of government agencies, and non-government organizations. We included nation-wide routinely collected databases related to communicable diseases, non-communicable diseases, injuries, and maternal and child health. Database characteristics, including disease area, data custodianship, data volume, frequency of update and accessibility were extracted and summarised.Results: There were 70 databases identified, of which 46 related to communicable diseases, 20 to non-communicable diseases, 1 to injury and 3 to maternal and child health. The data volume varied from below 1000 to over 100,000 records. Over half (64%) of the databases were accessible for medical research mostly comprising communicable diseases.Conclusion: There are large quantities of routinely collected data in China. Challenges to using such data in medical research remain with various accessibility. The potential of routinely collected data may also be applicable to other low- and middle-income countries.
Gestasyonel Trofoblastik Hastalık Tanısı Alan Olguların Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ALEMDAR Tuğba , GÜLÜCÜ Selim 
Published: September 2022

Giriş ve Amaç: Çalışmamızın amacı, gestasyonel trofoblastik hastalık (GTH) tanısı alan hastalarımızın insidansını, demografik özelliklerini, komplikasyonlarını, takip ve tedavi yaklaşımlarını güncel literatür bilgileriyle tartışılmasıdır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kliniğimizde 2005- 2020 tarihleri arasında histopatolojik olarak GTH tanısı alan 134 hasta geriye dönük olarak çalışmaya alındı. Bu hastaların başvuru şikâyetleri, demografik verileri, laboratuvar tahlilleri, uygulanan tedaviler, eşlik eden diğer hastalıkların varlığı, GTH histolojik alt tipi, transfüzyon ve kemoterapi ihtiyaçları değerlendirildi. Parsiyel ve komplet mol hidatiform gebelikler birbirleriyle karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: Hastalarda ortalama yaş 29,9±7,49 olarak bulundu. Histopatolojik sonuçlara göre parsiyel mol tanılı 91 hasta (%67,9), komplet mol tanılı 37 hasta (%27,6) bulundu. İnvaziv mol bir hastada (%0,7), koryokarsinom bir hastada (%0,7), plasental yerleşimli trofoblastik tümör (PSTT) bir hastada (%0.7) tespit edildi. GTH tanısı ortalama 8. haftada konuldu. GTH hastalarında en çok A Rh (+) kan grubu, en az B Rh (-) ve AB Rh (-) kan grupları izlendi.
Sonuç: Bölgesel olarak farklı insidans gösteren GTH’de erken teşhis ve uygun takip-tedavinin yapılması bu hastalıkla ilişkili morbidite ve mortalitenin önlenmesinde önemli rol oynamaktadır.
Covid-19 Hastalarında Gelişen Solunum Yetmezliğinde Veno-venöz Ekstrakorporeal Membran Oksijenasyonu; Güney Marmara Bölgesi Tek Merkez Deneyimi
Authors: BADEM Serdar , KAHRAMAN Nail , TANER Temmuz 
Published: September 2022

Giriş ve Amaç: Covid-19 hastalığında gelişen Akut Respiratuar Distres Sendromu (ARDS) sonucunda mekanik ventilasyon ihtiyacı ve mortalite oranları artmaktadır. Covid-19 pandemisinde, Ekstrakorporeal Membran Oksijenasyon (ECMO) destek tedavisinin rolü hala tam olarak bilinmemektedir. Bu retroprespektif çalışmada, Covid-19 nedeniyle ARDS gelişen hastalarda uyguladığımız ECMO destek tedavisinin etkinliğini değerlendirmeyi amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bursa Şehir Hastanesi Anestezi ve Reanimasyon Yoğun Bakım ünitesinde Mart 2021-Eylül 2021 tarihleri arasında ECMO desteği alan hastalar geriye dönük olarak değerlendirildi. Çalışma süresinde 12 hastada ARDS nedeniyle ECMO destek tedavisi uygulandı.
Bulgular: 12 hastaya veno-venöz ECMO (vv-ECMO) uygulandı. Hastaların dokuzu (%75) erkek, üçü (%25) kadın ve ortalama yaş 49.4 (35-70) olarak bulundu. Hastaların hastaneye yatışından entübasyon için geçen süre ortalama 8.08 (1-23) gündü. Entübasyon gününden ECMO desteğinin başlangıcına kadar geçen süre ortalama 3.08 (1-7) gün ve ECMO desteğinin ortalama süresi 12.3 (1-23) gün olarak bulundu. Sadece 1 hasta (%8,3) dekanüle edildikten sonra taburcu oldu.
Sonuç: ECMO destek tedavisi, Covid-19 hastalığına sekonder gelişen ARDS hastalarında yüksek mortalite ile ilişkilidir. Ancak Covid-19 hastalığında ECMO, erken dönemde uygulandığı zaman hayat kurtarıcı bir destek yöntemidir. ECMO'nun Covid-19 nedeniyle ARDS tablosundaki kritik hastalarda kurtarma tedavisi olarak faydası şu ana kadar sınırlıdır ve bu hasta grubunda kullanımını için daha çok çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Immunity benefits of yoga and physical exercises in the era of COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Govindasamy Karuppasamy , Suresh Chandrababu , Anand Mithin , KS Saran , Pramanik Mou , Kaur Dilpreet , Achouri Imen , Boughanmi Hiba 
Published: September 2022

Purpose. The novel coronavirus is the recently emerged disease of the respiratory system for which various national and international research agencies are putting joint efforts towards finding a permanent cure. Recently, the vaccine against coronavirus has been designed by various pharmaceutical agencies that are currently undergoing clinical trials. Since vaccines prevent infection by strengthening the defense system of the body, we proposed that yoga and physical exercises could act as an integrative approach to synergize the immunogenic response of the coronavirus vaccine. Yoga and physical exercises are already known to boost immunity against several other infections.
Materials and Methods. In the present review article, we aimed towards exploring the role of yoga and physical exercise as an immunity booster against coronavirus infection. Being India is a low-income country, yoga and physical exercises could be an excellent cost-effective strategy that could be administrated along with vaccine trials to enhance immunity against virus infection.
Results. In the present review, we analyze the studies conducted to date focusing on finding the role of yoga and physical exercises to prevent coronavirus infection. We also described the potential exercises, which are already known to enhance the immunity of the body by particularly targeting respiratory disease.
Conclusion. The present review article will help in providing the health agencies potential targets, which could further be explored to established a standard exercise module to enhance the vaccine-mediated immunity against coronavirus infection.