bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A prospective cohort study of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in three sites of Western Kenya
Authors: Ondeto Benyl M. , Wang Xiaoming , Atieli Harrysone , Zhong Daibin , Zhou Guofa , Lee Ming-Chieh , Orondo Pauline Winnie , Ochwedo Kevin O. , Omondi Collince J. , Muriu Simon M. , Odongo David O. , Ochanda Horace , Kazura James , Githeko Andrew K. , Yan Guiyun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Malaria in western Kenya is currently characterized by sustained high Plasmodial transmission and infection resurgence, despite positive responses in some areas following intensified malaria control interventions since 2006. This study aimed to evaluate long-term changes in malaria transmission profiles and to assess patterns of asymptomatic malaria infections in school children aged 5–15 years at three sites in western Kenya with heterogeneous malaria transmission and simultaneous malaria control interventions.

Methods
The study was conducted from 2018 to 2019 and is based on data taken every third year from 2005 to 2014 during a longitudinal parasitological and mosquito adult surveillance and malaria control programme that was initiated in 2002 in the villages of Kombewa, Iguhu, and Marani. Plasmodium spp. infections were determined using microscopy. Mosquito samples were identified to species and host blood meal source and sporozoite infections were assayed using polymerase chain reaction.

Results
Plasmodium falciparum was the only malaria parasite evaluated during this study (2018–2019). Asymptomatic malaria parasite prevalence in school children decreased in all sites from 2005 to 2008. However, since 2011, parasite prevalence has resurged by > 40% in Kombewa and Marani. Malaria vector densities showed similar reductions from 2005 to 2008 in all sites, rose steadily until 2014, and decreased again. Overall, Kombewa had a higher risk of infection compared to Iguhu (χ2 = 552.52, df = 1, P < 0.0001) and Marani (χ2 = 1127.99, df = 1, P < 0.0001). There was a significant difference in probability of non-infection during malaria episodes (log-rank test, χ2 = 617.59, df = 2, P < 0.0001) in the study sites, with Kombewa having the least median time of non-infection during malaria episodes. Gender bias toward males in infection was observed (χ2 = 27.17, df = 1, P < 0.0001). The annual entomological inoculation rates were 5.12, 3.65, and 0.50 infective bites/person/year at Kombewa, Iguhu, and Marani, respectively, during 2018 to 2019.

Conclusions
Malaria prevalence in western Kenya remains high and has resurged in some sites despite continuous intervention efforts. Targeting malaria interventions to those with asymptomatic infections who serve as human reservoirs might decrease malaria transmission and prevent resurgences. Longitudinal monitoring enables detection of changes in parasitological and entomological profiles and provides core baseline data for the evaluation of vector interventions and guidance for future planning of malaria control.

Graphical abstract
Rural household perception and adaptation strategies to climate change and variability: in the case of Libo-kemkem Woreda, Ethiopia
Authors: Megabia Tesfa Tilahun , Amare Zerihun Yohannes , Asmare Abraham M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractStudying Libo-kemkem Woreda households’ perceptions and responses to climate change and variability was the primary focus of this study. A cross-sectional and primary data collection method was used in this study to address its main objective. Based on stratified and straightforward random selection methods, 216 rural households were selected for the study. Through the household survey, data was collected on perceptions of climate change, variability, and adaptation methods. To analyze the collected data, beta regression models, F-tests, and chi-squared tests were employed. The results showed that only 3.2% of respondents did not recognize the occurrence of climate change or variability, which means that 96.8% of respondents are aware of the phenomenon. According to the sample of respondents, temperatures grew by 91.9% and rainfall decreased by 88.8%. A total of 96.2% of the respondents noted that rainfall distribution was uneven in the study area. A survey revealed that almost 96.7% of respondents said climate change negatively impacts agriculture, animal output, water quality, and epidemic disease outbreaks. Additionally, the model showed that, rather than respondents’ ages, factors like educational attainment, income earned on and off the farm, farm size, access to extension services, and weather information impacted climate change adaptation measures statistically significantly and favorably. Policymakers, woreda agricultural offices, and development staff need to take statistically significant factors into account when developing and implementing adaptation plans for climate change and variability.
Advances in the design of a methodology for the identification, characterization, and assessment of and intervention in the industrial landscape
Authors: Alba Dorado María Isabel , Romero de Oliveira Eduardo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe process of degradation and abandonment to which many landscapes generated by industrial decay are currently exposed, together with the lack of conceptual and methodological means required for the study of and intervention in these landscapes, would suggest that the existing approach requires revision. In this context, the aim of this article is to detail the progress being made by a research project, the objective of which is to design a methodology for the analysis and enhancement of and intervention in these industrial heritage landscapes. The project proposes a series of methodological improvements and innovations that take into account, among other issues, the specificity and identity of these landscapes, their dynamic, highly anthropized nature, the diversity of scales involved, and so forth, using a method that integrates an interdisciplinary approach, emphasizes citizen participation and incorporates the use of digital tools.
Value of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) in differentiating orbital lymphoma from idiopathic orbital inflammatory pseudotumor
Authors: Abdelgawad Mohamed Saied , Mohamed Walid Mohamed Ahmed , Aly Rasha Abdelhafiz 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Diffusion-weighted MR imaging can provide physiological information complementing morphological findings from conventional MRI. It detects early tissue changes associated with changes in water content, such as changes in the permeability of cell membranes, cell swelling or cell lysis. Areas of diseased tissue are highlighted with increased signal intensity on diffusion-weighted MR imaging. A decrease in the ADC is expected with increased intracellular tissue caused by either cell swelling or increased cellular density. DWI can be performed without the need for the administration of exogenous contrast medium, so it may of use when contrast administration is contraindicated. It yields quantitative and qualitative information that reflects changes at the cellular level and indicates the integrity of cell membranes. The purpose of this study was mainly to assess the diagnostic value of DWI for the discrimination of orbital lymphoma from idiopathic orbital inflammatory pseudotumor.

Results
Of our 53 cases presented with proptosis or visual disturbances, 32 cases (60.4%) had found to be present with idiopathic orbital inflammatory pseudotumor and 21 cases (39.6%) had orbital lymphoma. On conventional MR imaging, ill-defined tumor margin and orbital preseptal space involvement had a significant association with orbital lymphoma, whereas intense post-contrast enhancement of lesion and radiologic evidence of sinusitis were associated with orbital inflammatory pseudotumor. The mean ADC value of orbital lymphoma was significantly lower than those of benign inflammatory pseudotumor, yielding 100% sensitivity, 99% specificity, and 90.5% accuracy for differentiating both entities.

Conclusions
Diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DWI) is valuable in discriminating orbital inflammatory pseudotumor from malignant orbital lymphoma that help patients to initial management.
Does shockwave therapy have a role on trigger thumb?—a single-case design
Authors: Verma Pankaj , Pradhan Deepak Kumar , Singh Sandeep 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The trigger thumb is a clinically unusual and rare phenomenon. The trigger finger is most observed on the ring or middle fingers. Clinical signs include reduced tendon excursion and the formation of nodules at the base of the metacarpals. As a result, grip strength may be reduced, making gripping tasks uncomfortable. Many treatments have been proposed to treat trigger finger symptoms; however, the effectiveness of shockwave therapy is still being contested. As a result, the purpose of this trigger thumb case study is to assess the effect of shockwave therapy on grip performance.

Case presentation
A 53-year-old housewife reported to the outpatient department with pain at the base of her right thumb, recurring locking episodes, morning pain and stiffness, and a 10-year history of diabetes. Based on the clinical presentation and physical examination of the patient, an orthopedic sports physician diagnosed it as a trigger thumb. Analgesics were initially administered, and the patient was then referred to physiotherapy for rehabilitation. All outcomes improved substantially during the follow-up after six sessions of physical therapy, which included shockwave therapy and an exercise program.

Conclusion
This study concluded that the protocol developed specifically for the treatment of the trigger thumb is efficacious. Therefore, future research with a larger number of participants is required to validate this approach.
Sex Differences in Renal Cell Carcinoma: The Importance of Body Composition
Authors: Dahlmann Sebastian , Bressem Keno , Bashian Behschad , Ulas Sevtap Tugce , Rattunde Maximilian , Busch Felix , Makowski Marcus R. , Ziegeler Katharina , Adams Lisa 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To examine sex-specific differences in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in relation to abdominal fat accumulation, psoas muscle density, tumor size, pathology, and survival, and to evaluate possible associations with RCC characteristics and outcome.

Methods
A total of 470 patients with RCC who underwent nephrectomy between 2006 and 2019 were included in this retrospective study. Specific characteristics of RCC patients were collected, including sex, height, tumor size, grade, and data on patient survival, if available. Abdominal fat measurements and psoas muscle area were determined at the level of L3 (cm2).

Results
Women had a higher subcutaneous (p < 0.001) and men had a higher visceral fat area, relative proportion of visceral fat area (p < 0.001), and psoas muscle index (p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed an association between higher psoas muscle index and lower grade tumors [women: odds ratio (OR) 0.94, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.89–0.99, p = 0.011; men: OR 0.97 (95% CI, 0.95–0.99, p = 0.012]. Univariate regression analysis demonstrated an association between psoas muscle index and overall survival (women: OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.03–1.93, p = 0.033; men: OR 1.62 (95% CI, 1.33–1.97, p < 0.001). In contrast, there were no associations between abdominal fat measurements and tumor size, grade, or survival. Also, there were no sex-specific differences in tumor size or tumor grades.

Conclusions
A higher preoperative psoas muscle index was independently associated with overall survival in RCC patients, with a stronger association in men compared with women. In addition, the psoas muscle index showed an inverse association with tumor grade, whereby this association was slightly more pronounced in women than in men.
Interrupted inferior vena cava with deep vein thrombosis
Authors: Kraus Matan , Tau Noam 
Published: November 2022

A 22-year-old healthy man presented to the emergency department with worsening left flank and testicular pain. Lower abdominal pain and lower urinary tract symptoms, were also noted.Contrast-enhanced CT demonstrated several vascular malformations: both common iliac veins converging to an infrarenal inferior vena cava (IVC) with an absent cephalad IVC. Multiple collateral veins were noted, and both the Azygos and Hemiazygos veins were seen dilated, serving as an alternative venous drainage path due to the interrupted IVC.The patient’s CT was also notable for several pathologies: bilateral iliac vein thrombosis and left-sided testicular vein thrombus with surrounding fat stranding, suggestive of testicular vein thrombophlebitis.The patient was admitted, and received antibiotic and anticoagulation treatment, with clinical improvement.Hypercoagulability work-up was obtained, and the patient was found to be heterozygous for Factor V Leiden.Interrupted IVC with azygos continuation is an uncommon, and mostly a benign vascular malformation, resulting from abnormal development of IVC-contributing segments during embryogenesis. It is associated with lower limb deep vein thombosis and hypercoagulable states. It is imperative for radiologists to be acquainted with this entity, in order to avoid misdiagnosis.Testicular vein thrombosis is uncommon, mostly associated with prothrombotic disorders, and it should be considered when coagulopathy is suspected.
Examining Quality, Use and Impact of Psychotropic (Use) in older adults with intellectual disabilities (EQUIP): study protocol
Authors: Gorman Ashleigh , Odalović Marina , McCallion Philip , Burke Éilish , MacLachlan Malcolm , McCarron Mary , Henman Martin , Moran Maeve , O'Connell Juliette , Walsh Mike , Shankar Rohit , O'Dwyer Máire 
Published: November 2022

Widespread, and sometimes inappropriate use of psychotropics in adults with intellectual disability has been an international concern. These medicines have been used to treat mental health conditions, but also, controversially, some types of behaviours not necessarily associated with the diagnosis or in the absence of a relevant diagnosis. Results from the Intellectual Disability Supplement to the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (IDS-TILDA) study of older adults with intellectual disability in Ireland revealed that 60% were taking psychotropics in 2010. In the intervening decade changes in regulations, policy, and increased decongregation of people with intellectual disability have taken place likely influencing the use of psychotropics. The HSE National Clinical Programme for People with Disability (NCPDD) established in the 2020 has medicines optimisation as a key priority. Existing multi-wave data from the IDS-TILDA study and the HSE national prescribing database offers an opportunity to better understand psychotropic use and prescribing patterns. This is a novel collaboration on lived experience, research, practice and policy. The aim of this research is to examine the quality and trends of psychotropic use of older adults with intellectual disability over a ten-year period in Ireland to evaluate the effects of and to inform both practice and policy to optimise medicines use and health outcomes. Health and medication data from ten years (four waves) of the IDS-TILDA study and corresponding medicines data from the HSE-PCRS prescribing database are available. Descriptive and longitudinal analysis will examine association between long-term psychotropic use, changes in trends of use, and the impact of decongregation on medicines use. This research will inform the development of national guidance on medicines optimisation for older people with intellectual disability and has the potential to change prescribing practices and improve health and wellbeing for older people with intellectual disability.
Piloting the adaptation of the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children—2nd edition (KABC-II) to assess school-age neurodevelopment in rural Zimbabwe
Authors: Piper Joseph D. , Mazhanga Clever , Mapako Gloria , Mapurisa Idah , Mashedze Tsitsi , Munyama Eunice , Mwapaura Marian , Chidhanguro Dzivaidzo , Gerema Grace , Tavengwa Naume V. , Ntozini Robert , Langhaug Lisa F. , Smuk Melanie , Rochat Tamsen , Kaufman Alan , Kaufman Nadeen , Gladstone Melissa , Allen Elizabeth , Prendergast Andrew J. 
Published: November 2022

Background: Neurodevelopment assessment tools for low-resource settings are urgently needed. However, most available tools were developed in high-income settings and may lack cross-cultural validity. Methods: We piloted and adapted two subtests (pattern reasoning and story completion) within the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children-2nd edition (KABC-II) for use in rural Zimbabwean children aged 7 years old, both within the planning domain. After initial assessments of face validity, we substituted and added items in the test battery through a co-design process with fieldworkers and child development experts. To assess how successful the changes were, T-tests adjusting for unequal variances were used to compare scores between the original and adapted versions of the same subtest. ANOVA and pairwise analysis was performed to compare the performance of KABC-II subtests across domains. Intraclass correlation coefficient was calculated to explore the variability between domains. Results: Initial test scores on the planning domain were significantly lower than the other three domains of learning, sequential memory and simultaneous reasoning (P<0.001) in 50 children. Modified subtests were administered to another 20 children, who showed story completion scores that were 0.7 marks higher (95% CI 0.0, 1.4; P=0.05) and pattern reasoning scores 1.8 marks higher (95% CI 0.5, 3.2; P=0.01). Overall, the planning domain mean score increased from 8.1 (SD 2.9) to 10.6 (SD 3.4). The intra class correlation coefficient between all four KABC-II domains was initially 0.43 (95% CI 0.13, 0.64) and after modification was 0.69 (95% CI 0.37, 0.87), suggesting an increase in the construct validity. Conclusions: The KABC-II planning domain was successfully adapted to improve cross-cultural validity. Construct validity was enhanced, based on increased inter-correlations among scales. This pilot has since been applied to the SHINE follow-up study. The process of co-design to modify tests for new settings may be beneficial for other commonly used neurodevelopmental tools.
Healthcare utilization by children with neurological impairments and disabilities in rural Kenya: a retrospective cohort study combined with secondary analysis of audit data
Authors: Abuga Jonathan , Mwangi Lucy , Ndolo Joyce , Kariuki Symon , Newton Charles 
Published: November 2022

Background: There is a paucity of data on healthcare utilization by children with neurological impairments (NI) in sub-Saharan Africa. We determined the rate, risk factors, causes, and outcomes of hospital admission and utilization patterns for rehabilitative care among children with NI in a defined rural area in Kenya. Methods: We designed two sub-studies to address the primary objectives. Firstly, we retrospectively observed 251 children aged 6–9 years with NI and 2162 age-matched controls to determine the rate, causes and outcomes of hospitalization in a local referral hospital. The two cohorts were identified from an epidemiological survey conducted in 2015 in a defined geographical area. Secondly, we reviewed hospital records to characterize utilization patterns for rehabilitative care. Results: Thirty-four in-patient admissions occurred in 8503 person-years of observation (PYO), yielding a crude rate of 400 admissions per 100 000 PYO (95% confidence interval (Cl): 286–560). The risk of admission was similar between cases and controls (rate ratio=0.70, 95%CI: 0.10–2.30, p = 0.31). The presence of electricity in the household was associated with reduced odds of admission (odds ratio=0.32, 95% Cl: 0.10–0.90, p < 0.01). Seizures and malaria were the main causes of admission. We confirmed six (0.3%) deaths during the follow-up period. Over 93% of outpatient paediatric visits for rehabilitative care were related to cerebral palsy and intellectual developmental delay. Health education (87%), rehabilitative exercises (79%) and assistive technology (64%) were the most common interventions. Conclusions: Surprisingly, the risk of hospitalization was not different between children with NI and those without, possibly because those with severe NI who died before this follow-up were under seclusion and restraint in the community. Evidence-based and tailored rehabilitative interventions are urgently required based on the existing secondary data.
Inflammation proteomics datasets in the ALSPAC cohort
Authors: Goulding Neil , Goudswaard Lucy J. , Hughes David A. , Corbin Laura J. , Groom Alix , Ring Susan , Timpson Nicholas J. , Fraser Abigail , Northstone Kate , Suderman Matthew 
Published: November 2022

Proteomics is the identification, detection and quantification of proteins within a biological sample. The complete set of proteins expressed by an organism is known as the proteome. The availability of new high-throughput proteomic technologies, such as Olink Proteomic Proximity Extension Assay (PEA) technology has enabled detailed investigation of the circulating proteome in large-scale epidemiological studies. In particular, the Olink® Target 96 inflammatory panel allows the measurement of 92 circulating inflammatory proteins. The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) is a prospective population-based cohort study which recruited pregnant women in 1991-1992 and has followed these women, their partners, and their offspring ever since. In this data note, we describe the proteomic data available in ALSPAC. Ninety-two proteins were analysed in 9000 blood plasma samples using the Olink® Target 96 inflammatory panel. Samples were derived from 2968 fasted mothers (mean age 47.5; Focus on Mothers 1 (FOM1)), 3005 non-fasted offspring at age 9 (Focus@9) and 3027 fasted offspring at age 24 (Focus@24). Post sample filtering, 1834 offspring have data at both timepoints and 1119 of those have data from their mother available. We performed quality control analyses using a standardised data processing workflow (metaboprep) to produce a filtered dataset of 8983 samples for researchers to use in future analyses. Initial validation analyses indicate that IL-6 measured using the Olink® Target 96 inflammatory panel is highly correlated with IL-6 previously measured by clinical chemistry (Pearson’s correlation = 0.77) and we are able to reproduce the reported positive correlation between body mass index (BMI) and IL-6. The pre-processing and validation analyses indicate a rich proteomic dataset to further characterise the role of inflammation in health and disease.
Romantyczny poemat dramatyczny. Europejska i polska linia rozwojowa gatunku. Próba szkicu problematyki
Authors: Samsel Karol 
Published: November 2022

Studium jest próbą wytyczenia linii rozwojowej gatunku poematu dramatycznego w jego wariancie europejskim i polskim. Autor wyraźnie kontrastuje różnice estetyczne oraz pragmatyczne towarzyszące rozumieniu pojęcia poematu zarówno jako gatunku pretekstowego, a wręcz etykietalnego (Lessing, Norwid), jak i programowego, a nawet rewolucyjnego (Schiller, Byron, Witwicki). Po 1830 roku istnieją – jak się wydaje – dwa sposoby zużytkowania gatunku poematu dramatycznego: na sposób „fragmentaryczny” (w czym celuje Musset) oraz na sposób „brulionowy” (w czym celują autorzy polscy minorum gentium, tacy jak m.in. Michał Chodźko). Za tzw. reprezentacje literatury założycielskiej gatunku autor uznaje (w kolejności chronologicznej) Don Carlosa i Wallensteina Schillera, Natana Mędrca Lessinga, Manfreda Byrona, Dziady cz. III Mickiewicza, Puchar i usta Musseta, Księdza Marka Słowackiego, a także Tragedię człowieka Madácha. Już samo powyższe wyliczenie może świadczyć o tym, jak skomplikowanym i osobliwym – nie tylko wewnętrznie zróżnicowanym, lecz także zantagonizowanym – gatunkiem może zdawać się poemat dramatyczny (co całkowicie potwierdzają również przypadki całkowicie indywidualnej praktyki artystycznej: pisarstwo poematowe Witwickiego, a także Norwida).