bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the prevalence and characteristics of adverse drug events among older adults in South Korea using a national health insurance database
Authors: Choi Eunkyeong , Kim Siin , Suh Hae Sun 
Published: December 2022

Background: Adverse drug events (ADEs) in the elderly frequently occur because of their multiple chronic diseases and complexity of drug therapy. To better understand adverse drug events, the prevalence and characteristics of adverse drug events in elderly South Korean patients were assessed.Methods: The National Health Insurance databases for 2015 and 2016 were used for the analysis. We included patients aged ≥65 years that had at least one claim with the diagnosis codes ‘drug-induced,’ ‘poisoning by drug,’ and ‘vaccine-associated’ each year for the base-case analysis. To minimize the underestimation of adverse drug event prevalence, we also used an extended definition analysis by adding the ‘adverse drug event very likely’ codes. We estimated the prevalence of adverse drug events by sex, age group, and type of insurance and examined the frequent types of adverse drug events in 2015 and 2016.Results: In the base-case analysis, adverse drug event prevalence in individuals aged 65 years and older was 2.75% in 2015 and 2.77% in 2016. With advanced age, the prevalence of adverse drug event tended to increase, peaking in the age group of 75–79 years. In addition, the adverse drug event prevalence was higher in females and Medical Aid enrollees. The most frequently occurring adverse drug event was ‘allergy, unspecified,’ followed by ‘other drug-induced secondary parkinsonism,’ and ‘generalized skin eruption due to drugs and medicaments.’ When we examined the extended definition analysis, the prevalence of adverse drug events was 4.47% in 2015 and 4.52% in 2016, which significantly increased from those estimated in the base-case analysis.Conclusion: Among the older adults, the prevalence of adverse drug event was higher in advanced age, females, and Medical Aid enrollees. In particular, allergy and drug-induced secondary parkinsonism frequently occurred. This study provides evidence that health policies addressing the prevention and management of adverse drug events should be a priority for the most vulnerable elderly patients.
Inhibition of calpain9 attenuates peritoneal dialysis-related peritoneal fibrosis
Authors: Li Fang , Wang Yu , Tian Jianwei , Zhou Zhanmei , Yin Wei , Qin Xianhui , Wang Huizhen , Zeng Tao , Li Aiqing , Jiang Jianping 
Published: December 2022

Aim: Peritoneal dialysis is a common renal replacement method for end-stage renal disease. Long-term peritoneal dialysis leads to peritoneal dialysis-related peritoneal fibrosis, which leads to a cessation of treatment. Calpain is a protein belonging to calcium-dependent endopeptidase family and plays an important role in extracellular matrix remodeling. Here, we evaluated the effect of calpain in peritoneal dialysis-related peritoneal fibrosis.Methods: We established two animal models of peritoneal fibrosis and inhibited the activity of Calpain, and then collected peritoneal tissue to evaluate the progress of fibrosis and the changes of Calpain and β-catenin. We obtained Rat peritoneal mesothelial cells and Human peritoneal mesothelial cell line and stimulated with TGF-β to produce extracellular matrix. Next we inhibited Calpain activity or reduced Calpain9 expression, and then assessed changes in extracellular matrix and β-catenin.Results: Inhibition of calpain activity attenuated chlorhexidine glucose and peritoneal dialysis-induced peritoneal thickening and β-catenin expression in mice. In addition, compared with the control group, when primary rat peritoneal mesothelial cells or human peritoneal mesothelial cells were treated with transforming growth factor beta, down-regulation of calpain activity inhibited the expression of Fibronectin and Collagen I, and increased the expression of E-cadherin. These changes could be adjusted after silencing calpain9. Finally, calpain9 deficiency was associated with down-regulation of Fibronectin and β-catenin in human peritoneal mesothelial cells.Conclusion: Our results suggest that calpain9 may be a key molecule in mediating peritoneal dialysis-related peritoneal fibrosis.
Transcriptome expression profile of compound-K-enriched red ginseng extract (DDK-401) in Korean volunteers and its apoptotic properties
Authors: Ahn Jong Chan , Mathiyalagan Ramya , Nahar Jinnatun , Ramadhania Zelika Mega , Kong Byoung Man , Lee Dong-Wook , Choi Sung Keun , Lee Chang Soon , Boopathi Vinothini , Yang Dong Uk , Kim Bo Yeon , Park Hyon , Yang Deok Chun , Kang Se Chan 
Published: December 2022

Ginseng and ginsenosides have been reported to have various pharmacological effects, but their efficacies depend on intestinal absorption. Compound K (CK) is gaining prominence for its biological and pharmaceutical properties. In this study, CK-enriched fermented red ginseng extract (DDK-401) was prepared by enzymatic reactions. To examine its pharmacokinetics, a randomized, single-dose, two-sequence, crossover study was performed with eleven healthy Korean male and female volunteers. The volunteers were assigned to take a single oral dose of one of two extracts, DDK-401 or common red ginseng extract (DDK-204), during the initial period. After a 7-day washout, they received the other extract. The pharmacokinetics of DDK-401 showed that its maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) occurred at 184.8 ± 39.64 ng/mL, Tmax was at 2.4 h, and AUC0–12h was 920.3 ± 194.70 ng h/mL, which were all better than those of DDK-204. The maximum CK absorption in the female volunteers was higher than that in the male volunteers. The differentially expressed genes from the male and female groups were subjected to a KEGG pathway analysis, which showed results in the cell death pathway, such as apoptosis and necroptosis. In cytotoxicity tests, DDK-401 and DDK-204 were not particularly toxic to normal (HaCaT) cells, but at a concentration of 250 μg/mL, DDK-401 had a much higher toxicity to human lung cancer (A549) cells than DDK-204. DDK-401 also showed a stronger antioxidant capacity than DDK-204 in both the DPPH and potassium ferricyanide reducing power assays. DDK-401 reduced the reactive oxygen species production in HaCaT cells with induced oxidative stress and led to apoptosis in the A549 cells. In the mRNA sequence analysis, a signaling pathway with selected marker genes was assessed by RT-PCR. In the HaCaT cells, DDK-401 and DDK-204 did not regulate FOXO3, TLR4, MMP-9, or p38 expression; however, in the A549 cells, DDK-401 downregulated the expressions of MMP9 and TLR4 as well as upregulated the expressions of the p38 and caspase-8 genes compared to DDK-204. These results suggest that DDK-401 could act as a molecular switch for these two cellular processes in response to cell damage signaling and that it could be a potential candidate for further evaluations in health promotion studies.
MIL-68(Al) and MIL-68(Fe) as broadband optical modulators for Q-switching fiber lasers operating at 2 and 2.9 μm
Authors: Zheng Le , Sun Fanxi , Zhou Hongrong , Gao Ang , Liu Wenshu , Wang Dongsheng , Wei Chen , Liu Yong 
Published: December 2022

We investigated 2 and 2.9 μm mid-infrared fiber lasers passively Q-switched by MIL-68(Al) and MIL-68(Fe), which were fabricated via the hydrothermal method. The modulation depth of MIL-68(Al) was found to be 9.12% at 1.99 μm. And the modulation depths of MIL-68(Fe) were found to be 18.89% and 15.79% at 1.99 μm and 2.87 μm, respectively. We report Q-switching pulse generation in both Tm3+-doped and Ho3+/Pr3+ co-doped fiber lasers by using the as-prepared MIL-68 (M, M = Al3+, Fe3+) as SAs. The center wavelengths were at 1.99 μm and 2.87 μm, respectively. These results indicate that MIL-68(M) has wideband nonlinear optical properties and promising application prospects in the field of optical modulators at 2- and 2.9-μm mid-infrared waveband. Work clearly accessible to a broad readership.
Exercise alleviates diabetic complications by inhibiting oxidative stress-mediated signaling cascade and mitochondrial metabolic stress in GK diabetic rat tissues
Authors: John Annie , Howarth Frank Christopher , Raza Haider 
Published: December 2022

Type 2 diabetes, obesity (referred to as “diabesity”), and metabolic syndrome associated with increased insulin resistance and/or decreased insulin sensitivity have been implicated with increased oxidative stress and inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and alterations in energy metabolism. The precise molecular mechanisms of these complications, however, remain to be clarified. Owing to the limitations and off-target side effects of antidiabetic drugs, exercise-induced control of hyperglycemia and increased insulin sensitivity is a preferred strategy to manage “diabesity” associated complications. In this study, we have investigated the effects of moderate exercise (1 h/day, 5 days a week for 60 days) on mitochondrial, metabolic, and oxidative stress-related changes in the liver and kidney of type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats. Our previous study, using the same exercise regimen, demonstrated improved energy metabolism and mitochondrial function in the pancreas of GK diabetic rats. Our current study demonstrates exercise-induced inhibition of ROS production and NADPH oxidase enzyme activity, as well as lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation in the liver and kidney of GK rats. Interestingly, glutathione (GSH) content and GSH-peroxidase and GSH reductase enzymes as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were profoundly altered in diabetic rat tissues. Exercise helped in restoring the altered GSH metabolism and antioxidant homeostasis. An increase in cytosolic glycolytic enzyme, hexokinase, and a decrease in mitochondrial Kreb’s cycle enzyme was observed in GK diabetic rat tissues. Exercise helped restore the altered energy metabolism. A significant decrease in the activities of mitochondrial complexes and ATP content was also observed in the GK rats and exercise regulated the activities of the respiratory complexes and improved energy utilization. Activation of cytochrome P450s, CYP 2E1, and CYP 3A4 was observed in the tissues of GK rats, which recovered after exercise. Altered expression of redox-responsive proteins and translocation of transcription factor NFκB-p65, accompanied by activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), SIRT-1, Glut-4, and PPAR-γ suggests the induction of antioxidant defense responses and increased energy metabolism in GK diabetic rats after exercise.
My general manager is warmer than department manager: Stereotypes about senior and junior high-power individuals and their influences on spontaneous trait inference
Authors: Yang Feng , Li Minyan , Han Yang , Fan Xinru , Zhang Qing 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionPrevious research suggests that high-power (HP) individuals are stereotyped as positive competence but negative warmth.ObjectBy subdividing HP individuals into junior and senior HP individuals, the current research conducted five studies to examine the warmth perception differences toward senior and junior HP individuals in Confucian culture and the downstream effects on spontaneous trait inference (STI).Method and resultsBy using different paradigms, Study 1 and 2 found that participants tended to perceive junior HP individuals as negative on the warmth dimension and perceive senior HP individuals as positive on the warmth dimension. The following Study 3 and 4 further found that the warmth perception difference toward senior and junior HP individuals had an influence on STI. Specifically, participants were inclined to make STI from behaviors implying negative warmth traits when behavioral actors were junior HP individuals while they were inclined to make STI from behaviors implying positive warmth traits when behavioral actors were senior HP individuals. Additionally, Study 4 found that perceived social responsibility about HP individuals accounted for the power stereotype effects in STI, the more social responsibility participants perceived about senior HP individuals, the stronger power stereotype effects they showed in STI. The final Study 5 revealed that the different power stereotype effects in STI induced by senior and junior HP actors were observed only in Confucian culture, but not in non-Confucian culture.ConclusionThe present research firstly demonstrated that the warmth perceptions about senior and junior produced different influences on STI in Confucian culture, and also enriched the understanding about the culture-specificity of the stereotype content model.
The Chinese University stakeholder satisfaction survey: Developing a customer-centered self-assessment tool for higher education quality management
Authors: Pan Feng , Liu Liu , Wang Zhen 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionCustomer-centered management theory has considerable potential for increasing the quality of higher education (HE) in China and promoting its sustainable development.MethodsThis study applied customer-centered enterprise management theory to develop an HE stakeholder satisfaction scale based on data from 1,654 students, teachers, and other staff members, including human resources personnel.ResultsThe three-part stakeholder satisfaction survey consists of the China University Student Satisfaction Scale, the China University Teacher and Staff Satisfaction Scale, and the China University Graduate Human Resources Department Satisfaction Scale. All three subscales were valid, reliable, and can be used to foster management innovation, although they require adjustments to improve their coverage of different HE environments.DiscussionOrganizational self-assessment based on customer-centered corporate management theory has much to contribute to the quality and sustainability of China’s HE systems.
The Saudi-Arabic adaptation of the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ34): Psychometrics and norms of the full version and the short version (BSQ8C)
Authors: Melisse Bernou , van Furth Eric F. , de Beurs Edwin 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionSaudi Arabia experiences elevated levels of body-shape dissatisfaction which might be related to the increased thin ideal. Studies on body-shape dissatisfaction are scarce, mainly because adapted assessment tools are unavailable. This study describes the Saudi-Arabic adaptation of the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ34), preliminary examines the psychometric properties and provides normative data.MethodsThe BSQ34 was administered in a convenience community sample (N = 867) between April 2017 and May 2018. Receiver-operating-characteristic curve analysis was used to establish discriminant validity, in a subsample (N = 602) in which the Eating Disorder Examination-Shape concern, was administered, the factor structure investigated with confirmatory-factor analyses and T-scores and percentile scores were determined.ResultsThe BSQ34 discriminated well between low and high levels of body-shape dissatisfaction (area-under-the-curve value = 0.93), had high internal consistency and a unidimensional factor structure, and 23.9% appeared at risk for body-shape dissatisfaction. Analyses were repeated for the shortened BSQ8C, which yielded similar results.DiscussionThe results indicated that the BSQ34 and BSQ8C appeared suitable measurement tools to screen for body-shape dissatisfaction in a Saudi convenience community sample, mainly comprised young, unmarried, and highly educated women. The BSQ34 supplies more information on the type of concerns respondents have, which is worthwhile when the measure is used in a clinical setting; the BSQ8C is recommended as a short screener. As body-shape dissatisfaction is viewed as a risk factor for the development of eating disorder symptoms, screening for body-shape dissatisfaction with reliable tools is important to detect individuals at risk for eating disorder symptoms and may suggest subsequent preventive steps.
The dark side of leadership: How ineffective training and poor ethics education trigger unethical behavior?
Authors: Benlahcene Abderrahmane , Saoula Oussama , Jaganathan Mathivannan , Ramdani Abbas , AlQershi Nagwan Abdulwahab 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionThe challenge of restricting unethical behavior requires public companies to reinforce ethical practices among leaders through various instruments. Previous research suggests that the (un)ethical behavior of leaders can be influenced by many situational factors. This study aimed to investigate the influence of ethics training and education on unethical leadership behavior in the Algerian public companies.MethodsData were collected through semi-structured interviews with 15 leaders from public companies in Algeria. Data analysis was facilitated using ATLAS. ti 8 qualitative analysis software.ResultsThe findings show that public companies in Algeria suffer from several issues related to leaders’ ethics training and education. The findings also indicate that some of these unethical leadership behaviors are the result of ineffective training programs and poor ethics education within public companies.DiscussionThe absence or ineffectiveness of ethics training and education within and outside organizational settings has a detrimental impact on leaders’ ethical character. This study is the first to explore how public companies in Algeria engage in ethical training and leadership education. The different sectors of the Algerian business can use the findings as a point of reference to embed the appropriate ethical climate in their respective organizations.
Revealing underlying factors of absenteeism: A machine learning approach
Authors: Bowen Francis , Gentle-Genitty Carolyn , Siegler Janaina , Jackson Marlin 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionThe basis of support is understanding. In machine learning, understanding happens through assimilated knowledge and is centered on six pillars: big data, data volume, value, variety, velocity, and veracity. This study analyzes school attendance problems (SAP), which encompasses its legal statutes, school codes, students’ attendance behaviors, and interventions in a school environment. The support pillars include attention to the physical classroom, school climate, and personal underlying factors impeding engagement, from which socio-emotional factors are often the primary drivers.MethodsThis study asked the following research question: What can we learn about specific underlying factors of absenteeism using machine learning approaches? Data were retrieved from one school system available through the proprietary Building Dreams (BD) platform, owned by the Fight for Life Foundation (FFLF), whose mission is to support youth in underserved communities. The BD platform, licensed to K-12 schools, collects student-level data reported by educators on core values associated with in-class participation (a reported—negative or positive—behavior relative to the core values) based on Social–Emotional Learning (SEL) principles. We used a multi-phased approach leveraging several machine learning techniques (clustering, qualitative analysis, classification, and refinement of supervised and unsupervised learning). Unsupervised technique was employed to explore strong boundaries separating students using unlabeled data.ResultsFrom over 20,000 recorded behaviors, we were able to train a classifier with 90.2% accuracy and uncovered a major underlying factor directly affecting absenteeism: the importance of peer relationships. This is an important finding and provides data-driven support for the fundamental idea that peer relationships are a critical factor affecting absenteeism.DiscussionThe reported results provide a clear evidence that implementing socio-emotional learning components within a curriculum can improve absenteeism by targeting a root cause. Such knowledge can drive impactful policy and programming changes necessary for supporting the youth in communities overwhelmed with adversities.
Narcissism on interpersonal circumplex model: Reactions to imaginary abandonment and rejection
Authors: Şen-Pakyürek Gamze , Barışkın Elif 
Published: December 2022

AimNarcissism is a direct result of the lack of self-expression. Thus, this trait is enshrined in cycles of strategies to protect self-worth in interpersonal relationships. The aim of the present study was to understand in what way narcissistic individuals understand their interactions with themselves and others.MethodThe study included two groups comprising high grandiose narcissism (GN,n= 43) and high vulnerable narcissism (VN,n= 44). The participants who received scores that were one standard deviation (SD) above the mean, either on the PNI-grandiosity or on the PNI-vulnerable dimensions, constituted the GN and VN groups among 518 students (Age:M= 23.57,Sd= 2.13).ResultsThe chi-square test was performed to evaluate the dimensions of narcissism with respect to responses of the participants and their partners (behavioral, cognitive, and emotional). The Pathological Narcissism Inventory (PNI) was administered to evaluate narcissistic characteristics. The “Criticism Story” of the Story Completion Inventory in Romantic Relationships (SCIRR) was used for criticism. The circular pattern between the responses of the participants and their partners was examined using the Interpersonal Schemas Scale (ISS). The results revealed that the vulnerable group gave more complementary responses emotionally and made more complementary predictions in terms of the expected reactions from the romantic partner than the grandiose group.DiscussionThe results were discussed in reference to the basic self-esteem-protecting motivations of the groups.
Screen time and associated risks in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders during a discrete COVID-19 lockdown period
Authors: Berard Mathilde , Peries Marianne , Loubersac Julie , Picot Marie-Christine , Bernard Jonathan Y. , Munir Kerim , Baghdadli Amaria 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic may affect the screen time of children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). This study aimed to examine the screen time of children and adolescents with ASD during a discrete lockdown period in France and identify risk factors for excessive screen time.MethodsThe study sample consisted of 249 ASD subjects, 3–17 years of age, enrolled in the ELENA cohort. Information about the screen time was collected using the COVID-19 questionnaire specially created for this study. The clinical, socio-demographic and familial characteristics were collected from the last ELENA follow-up visit.ResultsMore than one third of subjects exceeded recommended levels of screen time and almost half of parents reported that their child spent more time using screen since COVID-19 pandemic beginning. Excessive screen time was significantly related to age with higher screen time in adolescents. Risk factors for excessive screen time were high withdrawn behaviors and low socioeconomic status for children, and older age and male gender for adolescents.ConclusionThese results imply to adapt the recommendations already formulated in general population concerning the good use of screens in youth with ASD. Specific recommendations and suitable guidance are needed to help children and adolescents with ASD and their parents implement the more optimal use of screen time activities for educational, therapeutic and social goals.Trial registration numberNCT02625116.