bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FAMILY PERCEPTIONS ABOUT ENGAGING IN PALLIATIVE CARE CONFERENCES FOR THEIR LOVED ONES WHO LIVE IN LONG-TERM CARE
Authors: Kaasalainen Sharon , Thompson Genevieve , Wickson-Griffiths Abigail , Hunter Paulette , McCleary Lynn , Sussman Tamara 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Despite the high mortality rates in long term care (LTC), most LTC homes do not have a formalized palliative program. Communication with family members or care partners is critical to prepare them for end-of-life and promotes shared decision-making. The aim of this study was to explore family perceptions about engaging in Palliative Care Conferences (PCCs) which were held for their loved one who was dying in LTC. This study was conducted in four provinces in Canada (Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta) and utilized a qualitative description design. Of the 36 family members who were interviewed, 12 were bereaved and 24 were non-bereaved. Overall, they felt that PCCs provided a venue for learning and appreciated the interdisciplinary approach. It gave them some time and space to develop stronger, more caring relationships with staff that sometimes was difficult to do during normal day-to-day activities. Family stated the PCCs were informative and promoted quality communication. They also described how the timing of PCCs and other discussions is important so they don’t feel rushed and can ‘go at their own pace’, allowing them to receive the information that they need when they are ready for it. PCCs appear to feasible and support a family-centered approach to care, which relies on strong communication. Future work needs to include a more rigorous evaluation that builds PCCs into everyday practice.
HOW DO HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS VIEW HOSPICE CARE IN BINZHOU, CHINA?: A QUALITATIVE INQUIRY
Authors: Yu Heshuo , de Medeiros Kate 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Although many large Chinese cities have begun hospice services, it is still a relatively new concept in many parts of the country, especially in smaller cities. The purpose of this study was to gain a better understanding of health care providers’ (physicians and nurses) attitudes toward hospice care, to include perceptions of barriers and facilitators of implementation in a fourth-tier city. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, semi-structured, open-ended interviews were conducted with 15 health care providers. Two major themes were identified: 1) barriers to developing hospice care and 2) prospective facilitators to develop hospice care. There is currently much ambiguity regarding what governmental agency would oversee hospice care if implemented, who would be responsible for payment, the importance of developing interdisciplinary care teams, and concerns about worker shortages. Future research is encouraged to investigate hospice attitudes across different local healthcare systems and to encourage the development of local hospice support.
WHAT MATTERS IN HEALTH CARE TO OLDER NATIVE HAWAIIANS?
Authors: Ibrao Miquela , Burrage Rachel , Muneoka Shelley , Kawakami Keilyn , Tanji Tarin , Tanoue Leslie , Braun Kathryn 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The formal assessment of What Matters for older adults is often done in a medical setting through the acquisition of legal forms to prepare for end-of-life care. For many indigenous elders, however, these forms may appear impersonal or culturally insensitive. What Matters should go beyond end-of-life planning and include preferences for how older adults live their daily lives, which may include preferences for dwelling status and relationships, in addition to medical care. For Native Hawaiian elders, cultural differences exist that impact their aging values and priorities. A secondary qualitative analysis of 20 interviews was conducted in partnership with Hā Kūpuna National Resource Center for Native Hawaiian Elders using a transformative lens to explore themes on What Matters to Native Hawaiian kūpuna as they age. Deductive coding was informed by guidelines on What Matters according to the Institute of Healthcare Improvement’s 4Ms Framework. Inductive codes identified themes specific to Native Hawaiian kūpuna as part of their culture. NVIVO software was used. Themes identified on What Matters to Native Hawaiian older adults included: 1) incorporation of cultural traditions into healthcare routines; 2) a strong sense of family as part of the decision-making process; 3) a preference for home-based care at the end-of-life; and 4) the importance of provider relationship building. An infographic with education and recommendations for healthcare providers was developed using findings from the study. Our interview, coding, and dissemination processes may be of interest to researchers working with other minority groups.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN WITHIN-DAY CALORIE INTAKE PATTERNS AND MORTALITY RISK AMONG US ADULTS
Authors: Mao Ziling , Newman Anne , Farsijani Samaneh 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Nutritional research on longevity has historically prioritized quantity of intake, with low-calorie diets as a prime example. Yet the crucial effects of intake timing and distribution on circadian rhythm and health are largely unexplored. Here, we determined the association between 24-hour calorie intake patterns and all-cause mortality.

Methods
We included 33,094 nationally representative US adults (47.6±0.2y; 52.4% women) from NHANES. First, we calculated calorie intake at 6-hour intervals within a day via 24-hour food recalls. Then, group-based trajectory analysis was performed, and four distinct temporal patterns of daily calorie intake were identified: “Skewed-to-Morning”, “Skewed-to-Midday”, “Skewed-to-Evening”, and “Midday-Evening-Balance”. Mortality was ascertained through December 2019 using the National Death Index. Survey-weighted Cox hazard regression was used to determine the association between calorie intake patterns and all-cause mortality, adjusting for demographics, income, BMI, physical activity, smoking, alcohol, calorie intake, and diet quality.

Results
Among participants, 18% had morning-skewed, 22% midday-skewed, 22% evening-skewed calorie intake, and 38% had equal intake between midday and evening. During a median follow-up of 96 months, 4,162 participants died. In the unadjusted model, all skewed calorie intake patterns were associated with higher all-cause mortality compared to the Midday-Evening-Balance group (P&lt; 0.05). After multivariable adjustment, Skewed-to-Morning (HR=1.18; 95%CI, 1.04-1.35) and Skewed-to-Evening (HR=1.20; 1.02-1.39) patterns remained significantly associated with higher mortality.

Conclusion
Calorie intake patterns skewed toward morning or evening may be associated with a higher mortality risk, independent of amount and quality of diet. This underscores the importance of considering both the quantity and the timing of daily calorie consumption.
RESILIENCE IN DIVERSE SOLO OLDER GRANDMOTHERS RAISING ADOLESCENT GRANDCHILDREN
Authors: Peterson Tina 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Grandfamilies scholars often focus on shared caregiving responsibilities supported by a spouse or partner when parenting younger grandchildren. Less attention has been given to solo older grandparents raising adolescent grandchildren. This research will apply Dannison and colleagues’ (2011) framework of the 5 P’s (proud, positive, persistent, protective, problem-solvers) of Resilient Grandparent Caregivers to explore resiliency in solo older grandparents raising adolescent grandchildren. Solo grandparent caregivers (n=8) participated in a phenomenological study to examine Caregiving in Later Life by Grandparents Raising Adolescent Grandchildren. Participants were primary caregiver for a grandchild 12 or older; grandchild in home at least 3 days weekly; and grandparent 40 or older. Data collection via semi-structured interviews occurred across three states between March 2015 and June 2015. Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using conventional content analysis. Racially and ethnically diverse grandmothers (100%) reported an average age of 61 years (range 56 to 67) with caregiving responsibility for grandchildren with a median age of 14 years. These solo older grandmothers described being proud (e.g. joy, energy, grandchildren’s talent, liveliness, etc.); positive (e.g. telling jokes, picking battles, reframing behavior, music, etc.); persistent (e.g. kinship foster care placement, most challenging role, navigating multiple responsibilities, etc.) protective (e.g. setting boundaries, honoring holiday celebrations, structure, etc.) and problem-solvers (e.g. seeking therapy, advocating within schools, generational gifts, resolving purchasing for multiple kids, instilling time management, etc.). Reflections on resilience from diverse solo older grandmothers raising adolescent grandchildren can promote strategies to support and advocate for underserved grandfamilies.
THE TROUBLE WITH FORGETTING: PROSPECTIVE AND RETROSPECTIVE MEMORY FAILURES AMONG CAREGIVERS
Authors: Turner Rachael , Sharma Anisha , Reese-Melancon Celinda 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Caregivers serve a critical role in assisting their loved ones, though providing care can be associated with physical and cognitive decline. We investigated disparities in memory lapses and their perceived impact on daily functioning among caregivers and non-caregivers. We focused on lapses in prospective memory (PM; i.e., memory for future actions) and retrospective memory (RM; i.e., remembering information from the past). Participants included respondents of the Midlife in the United States Refresher 1: Daily Diary Project dataset (Ryff & Almeida, 2020). Individuals were identified as caregivers if they indicated assisting a spouse or parent with a disability or health condition throughout the week (n = 75). Self-report questionnaires measured instances of PM and RM forgetting, interference with daily routine resulting from forgetting, how bothered one is by forgetting, positive and negative affect, and time spent on caregiving tasks. Contrary to expectations, caregivers did not differ from non-caregivers on frequency of forgetting PM or RM tasks (ps &gt;.05). Additional analyses investigated relationships between key variables and everyday forgetting and indicated that greater PM or RM forgetting among caregivers was associated with being more bothered by forgetting and more interference with daily routine (ps &lt;.001). Further, negative affect and time spent caregiving significantly predicted caregivers’ PM forgetting with caregivers who reported greater negative affect and more time spent caregiving reporting more instances of PM forgetting. The present study highlights the subjective experiences of caregivers in managing their daily memory tasks.
THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT AND LIFE SATISFACTION: RACE/ETHNICITY DISPARITIES
Authors: Mbam Kingsley , Su Yan-Jhu , Dong Wuyi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective
Studies have shown an association between perceived social support and life satisfaction. However, fewer studies covered the racial/ethnic disparities in this association. This study looks to address this gap by assessing how perceived social support differs across racial and ethnic groups and their life satisfaction.

Methods
This cross-sectional study used data from the 2020 Health and Retirement Study (HRS). The respondents include individuals 55 and older without any missing survey responses (n=1,901). The perceived social support was assessed using the summary score of social integration, which included spousal/partner support, children support, friend support, and non-nuclear family support. Life satisfaction was assessed using Diener’s measure of life satisfaction. Control variables, including demographic characteristics, household income, and self-rated health, were added to this analysis. Ordinary least squared (OLS) regression was implemented to examine whether race/ethnicity moderates the association between perceived social support and life satisfaction.

Results
Adjusted models show results disclosing that people with more perceived social support had significantly higher life satisfaction (b = 0.32, p &lt; 0.001), and interaction effects showed that the association among Hispanic people is significantly stronger compared to non-Hispanic Whites (b = 0.17, p = 0.03).

Discussion
These results suggest that improving social support for individuals age 55 and older across racial groups can enhance their life satisfaction, which is essential to improving their overall health and well-being. Furthermore, this study widens the understanding of the demographic factors that influence the association between perceived social support and life satisfaction.
THE EFFECT OF DIGITAL INTERACTION WITH FRIENDS AND FAMILY ON OLDER ADULTS’ WELL-BEING: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: He Ranran , Ogle Destiny , Ren Jinnan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Contacting friends and family using digital technologies has grown in popularity among older adults. Given the importance of social interaction across the life course, this novel form of interaction may substantially shape their well-being. Existing studies reviewing the effects of technology use on older adults’ well-being were mostly broad in scope, without specifying the age group or the relationships between interactants. This study aims to fill a gap in the literature by systematically reviewing how digital interaction with friends or family shapes older adults’ well-being. We sourced articles from six databases, and the last search was performed in February 2024. Studies were synthesized and analyzed using the narrative approach. All 21 qualifying studies were quantitative in their design. Most studies (10 articles) found positive impacts of digital interaction with family members on well-being, whereas some found negative (4), mixed (3), or null effects (2). Even more conflicting results were found in studies examining the effects of digital interaction with friends; four found positive benefits, five found adverse impacts, and two found no effects. Communication with family members was typically more predictive of well-being than communication with friends. The aggregated measurement of digital contact, the types of digital technology examined, the age range of survey respondents, the sociocultural context, and whether the studies were undertaken during the COVID-19 pandemic may explain these inconsistent findings. Therefore, we suggest that future research incorporate more precise measures of digital interaction with friends and family, more diverse study designs, and explore socio-structural and relational moderators.
THE MORE, THE MERRIER? OLDER ADULTS’ LEISURE WITH OTHERS AND ASSOCIATIONS WITH WELL-BEING OVER TIME
Authors: Rauer Amy , Stewart Meagan , Fiori Katherine , Marini Christina , Kanter Jeremy 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The benefits of leisure for older adults are well-documented, as is the key role that social networks play in facilitating more opportunities for leisure. However, it is unclear if these opportunities are uniformly beneficial over time or if engaging in leisure with certain social ties (or alone) are more advantageous, particularly when barriers to social activities are greater (i.e., COVID-19 pandemic). Thus, we examined older adults’ leisure alone and with others and its links to well-being using a sample of 136 older adults in the U.S. (Mage = 68, range: 50-91; 69% females; 93% White; 72% partnered; 61% retired). Participants reported on leisure at three time points (Summer 2021/Fall 2021/Winter 2022) using a modified version of the Pittsburgh Enjoyable Activities Scale (Pressman et al., 2009). Older adults were most likely to do activities with romantic partners, followed by activities alone, with leisure with friends and family least likely. Although more leisure engagement overall was associated with better well-being (depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, loneliness, life satisfaction, perceived mattering), it was primarily leisure with others that appeared beneficial (romantic partner, friends, family). In fact, greater solitary leisure was linked to feeling less important (perceived mattering). Given that leisure with a romantic partner and with family declined when COVID-19 cases peaked (in contrast to the stability of overall leisure, solitary leisure, and leisure with friends), it appears that older adults were still able to do things they enjoyed, but the limitations on with whom they could engage in leisure were not without consequence.
EFFECTS OF A USER-CENTRED TECH-SUPPORTED TRANSITIONAL CARE MODEL ON REDUCING DEPENDENCY AMONG DISCHARGED PATIENTS
Authors: Xia Nan , Cheng Clio Yuen Man , Lou Vivian Weiqun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Many patients, especially those aged above 60, continue to have care needs after discharge. However, the existing professional-led services do not meet the growing service needs in Hong Kong, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. To fulfil the needs of discharged patients, a standardised transitional care service delivery model was established through a user-centred approach. A comprehensive one-stop online platform was developed to empower patients and their carers by enabling a better understanding of their conditions. The tech-supported solution also enabled service providers to deliver high-quality services through data-informed service plans without contact. The current study aims to evaluate the effects of the novel service delivery model on reducing dependency among discharged patients dwelling in the community. The interRAI-Home Care v9.3 was applied to collect information on patients’ dependency by evaluating their care needs before and after receiving the services. 431 subjects were recruited from three local NGOs between July 2021 and June 2023, and 286 (66.4%) participants completed both pre- and post-evaluations. The overall mean number of Clinical Assessment Protocols (CAPs) decreased significantly, from 7.4 to 5.5 (p &lt; 0.001). Patients’ care needs were reduced significantly (p &lt; 0.001) in each of the three institutions after receiving services, with no significant differences observed across institutions. The current study provides evidence of the effects of a user-centered tech-supported transitional care model for discharged patients and their carers, which ensures that such a model could effectively provide remote services to patients and their carers, and can facilitate alleviating manpower shortages while facing unexpected obstacles.
EXPLORING REFERRAL PATTERNS AND PATIENT PROFILES IN A CLINICAL EXERCISE PROGRAM FOR OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Jennings Stephen , Giffuni Jamie , Gregor Neil , Mason Tyara , Pepin Marc , Hall Katherine 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Gerofit is a supervised, outpatient clinical exercise program offered to Veterans aged ≥65 enrolled in Veterans Health Administration. Enrollment in the program is contingent on health care provider referral. This analysis seeks to examine the sources and characteristics of referrals, aiming to inform strategies to enhance accessibility and optimize program efficiency. Referrals (N=2511) to the program from 2014-24 across 3 of the largest Gerofit sites were assessed, and came from a multitude of providers (primary care-44%; nutrition & dietetics-14%; physical therapy-11%; mental health-5%; etc.). Referrals from specialty clinics and physical medicine & rehabilitation physicians had the lowest enrollment rate (22% and 10%, respectively), while referrals from physical therapy and nutrition & dietetics had the highest enrollment rate (51% and 46%, respectively). Compared to all Veterans enrolled at these sites during this timeframe, those referred by nutrition & dietetics and mental health tended to be younger and have better physical performance, while specialty clinics & geriatrics tended to refer older and more frail adults. Examination of participation rates at 1 year post-enrollment by referring provider type showed that nutrition & dietetics referrals had the highest 1-year attrition levels (21%). Increased recruitment from high performing providers, and education to providers on program eligibility targeting those with lower enrollment rates (&lt; 25%), will result in improved staff efficiency and enhance timely enrollment of eligible Veterans by reducing bottlenecks in the referral stage.
FORMATIVE FACTORS INFLUENCING SOCIAL CARE SERVICES DEMAND AMONG OLDER ADULTS: A FORTITUDE PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Zhang Hengyuan , Li Xuena 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
There is a serious mismatch between the supply and demand of social care services for older adults in China. The imprecise identification of formative factors leads to challenges for service providers in targeting the appropriate groups.

Methods
Adopting a fortitude perspective, a theoretical framework to analyze the formative factors of social care services demand was developed. Based on survey data from three cities and six counties, the impact of these formative factors was examined through binary logistic regression analysis.

Results
The demand for social care services among older adults is significantly influenced by their physical, familial and resource fortitude, following an overflow pattern of “individual-family-market-government”. Conclusions: Demand for social care services emerges only when the challenges faced surpass the physical, familial, and resource fortitude of older adults. Overprovision to those with high fortitude and overlooking individuals with low fortitude results in a supply-demand imbalance.
HEALTH CARE COSTS OF MEDICARE BENEFICIARIES WITH FRAILTY AND/OR DEMENTIA
Authors: Sison Stephanie Denise , Shi Sandra , Oh Gahee , Olivieri-Mui Brianne , Park Chan Mi , McCarthy Ellen , Kim Dae Hyun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Frailty and dementia predispose older adults to adverse health outcomes, resulting in increased health care utilization. In this study, we examined healthcare costs in a 5% sample of Medicare fee-for-service (FFS) beneficiaries using Medicare part A and B claims from 2016-2019. Using validated claims-based algorithms, we identified the presence of dementia and frailty (claims-based frailty index ≥0.25) in community-dwelling beneficiaries, 65 years or older, with continuous FFS enrollment 12 months prior to the start of each calendar year. Annual costs per beneficiary were calculated across 4 groups: a) those having dementia alone, b) frailty alone, c) both frailty and dementia, and d) neither. Having frailty alone incurred the highest total annual cost ($38,119), followed by frailty and dementia ($33,098) and then dementia alone ($16,622). The breakdown of costs revealed that inpatient costs (highest proportion of total costs) and carrier costs (e.g., provider fees, labs, imaging, procedures; second-highest proportion of total costs), followed a similar pattern as the total costs. This pattern persisted when examining preventable inpatient costs, with the frailty alone group having the highest costs ($2,517), followed by the frailty and dementia group ($1,610). SNF costs were highest in the frailty and dementia group ($5,338), followed by the frailty only group ($4,044), and then the dementia only group ($2,208). Our findings suggest that the presence of frailty, regardless of dementia status, drives healthcare cost. This highlights the need for a holistic patient-centered approach to optimize and reduce costs for frail older adults.