bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of intraoperative use of tropicamide 0.02%/phenylephrine0.31%/lidocaine1% intracameral combination during pediatric cataract surgery
Authors: Nucci Paolo , Lembo Andrea , Caputo Roberto , Dellavalle Andrea , Serafino Massimiliano , Schiavetti Irene , Pichi Francesco 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of the intracameral use of tropicamide 0.02%/phenylephrine 0.31%/lidocaine 1% in pediatric cataract surgery, a combination widely used in adult patients but still off-label in childrenMethods: Design: two-center, prospective, observational studySetting: San Giuseppe Hospital, Milan and Meyer Children's Hospital, FlorenceStudy population: children from 0 to 4 years of age undergoing cataract surgery with or without intraocular IOL implantation, in the absence of clinically significant systemic conditions, history of ocular surgery, concurrent ocular medication, hypersensitivity to any of the substances and post-traumatic cataracts. During the surgery, patients received the combination drug after the primary access to the anterior chamber. Efficacy was evaluated by achieving an adequate mydriasis in order to perform capsulorhexis, while safety was assessed by recording vital signs (heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, temperature) pre and post administration of the substance.Results: this study included 53 surgical procedures of 36 patients: 41 eyes were left aphakic while 12 eyes received primary IOL implantation. The pupil size was adequate to safely perform capsulorhexis in 52 procedures of 53. The difference in pupil enlargement was significant (6.0 ± 1.14mm, P = < 0.001). There were no notable changes in vital parameters. Conclusions: the administration of intracameral tropicamide 0.02%/phenylephrine 0.31%/lidocaine 1% in pediatric cataract surgery is effective for obtaining an adequate mydriasis without any vital parameters changes throughout the procedure.
Theoretical design on the characteristics of a hexagon quasi- zero stiffness vibration isolator
Authors: Li Yingli , Zhou Wenxi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A novel hexagon quasi-zero stiffness (QZS) platform using link-spring mechanism is proposed with load adjustable to seek for low-frequency vibration isolation. First, the key static characteristics, such as the elastic potential energy, restoring force and effective stiffness are obtained by mechanical modeling for different configurations of the platform. It indicates that the proposed structure could achieve dynamic zero stiffness for different designed loading capacity, even a full band vibration isolation. Then, the nonlinear properties of inertia, stiffness and damping are systematically studied and it is proven to be beneficial for dynamic stabilization and vibration isolation. An analytical expression for the effective stiffness is derived to obtain parameter condition for QZS characteristic. Finally, the displacement transmissibility of the structure is solved by the harmonic balance method. The results demonstrate that the hexagon QZS vibration isolator has low and tunable frequency for vibration isolation and outperforms the linear isolators. Comparing to the classical QZS vibration isolator, the proposed one has a wider zero stiffness plateau and the starting frequency of vibration isolation can be as low as 1/4 that of the classical one. Consequently, the hexagon QZS isolator should be a feasible design for vibration isolation in ultralow frequency range.
FastAAI: Efficient Estimation of Genome Average Amino Acid Identity and Phylum-level relationships using Tetramers of Universal Proteins
Authors: Konstantinidis Konstantinos , Ruiz-Perez Carlos , Gerhardt Kenji , Rodriguez-R Luis , Jain Chirag , Tiedje James , Cole James 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Estimation of whole-genome relatedness and taxonomic identification are two important bioinformatics tasks in describing environmental or clinical microbiomes. The genome-aggregate Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI) is routinely used to derive the relatedness of closely related (species level) microbial and viral genomes, but it is not appropriate for more divergent genomes. Average Amino Acid Identity (AAI) can be used in the latter cases, but no current AAI implementation can efficiently compare thousands of genomes. Here we present FastAAI, a tool that estimates whole-genome pairwise relatedness using shared tetramers of universal proteins in a matter of microseconds, providing a speedup of up to 5 orders of magnitude when compared with current methods of calculating AAI or alternative whole-genome metrics. Further, FastAAI resolves distantly related genomes related at the phylum level with comparable accuracy to the phylogeny of ribosomal rRNA genes, substantially improving on a known limitation of current AAI implementations. Therefore, Fast AAI uniquely expands the toolbox for microbiome analysis and allows it to scale to millions of genomes.
Refractory flare-up of severe bronchial asthma controlled with mepolizumab due to Pneumocystis pneumonia: A case report
Authors: Takeda Kazuya , Sumi Toshiyuki , Nagahisa Yuta , Matsuura Keigo , Sekikawa Motoki , Watanabe Hiroki , Yamada Yuichi , Chiba Hirofumi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundBiologics dramatically improve symptoms of severe asthma; however, various exacerbating factors may induce flare-up. Pneumocystis sp. shave not been reported as a cause of asthma exacerbation during biologic use, although patients with severe asthma have high levels of antibodies against Pneumocystis spp.Case presentationAn 87-year-old woman with severe asthma that was well-controlled with mepolizumab, who developed a steroid-resistant refractory flare-up. Chest computed tomography showed bilateral ground glass opacities, and results of polymerase chain reaction tests on induced sputum were positive for Pneumocystis DNA. Therefore, a diagnosis of Pneumocystis pneumonia was made. The clinical symptoms improved after treatment with sulfamethoxazole–trimethoprim.ConclusionClinicians should be aware of Pneumocystis pneumonia as a cause of refractory exacerbation of bronchial asthma during use of interleukin-5 inhibitors.
The Role Of Hepatic And Renal Functions In The Development Of Retinopathy Of Prematurity: Is Proteinuria A New Risk Factor?
Authors: Eroglu Sayime Aydin , Unsal Ayse Ipek Akyuz , Abdullayev Ozge Key , Guler Duygu , Turkmen Munevver , Ozkan Seyhan Bahar , Demirci Buket , Omurlu Imran Kurt 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the association of hepatic and renal parameters with the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in premature infants with a gestational age ≤ 32 weeks.Methods: Medical records of 240 preterm infants were reviewed retrospectively, 85 of them were grouped as type 1, type 2 ROP and control group. These groups test results of first-month hepatic and renal function were compared for the risk of development of ROP and the development of type 1 ROP.Results: In this study, 12, 35 and 38 infants were enrolled in the type 1, type 2 ROP and control group, respectively. The average gestational age and birth weight were higher; however, the duration of oxygen treatment was lower in the control group (p<0.001). The blood glucose level was significantly higher in the type 1 ROP group than in the other groups (p=0.023). The mean of total serum bilirubin of the type 1 ROP group was significantly lower than those of the type 2 ROP and control group (p=0.032). Proteinuria was present in 85.7% of preterms with treatment-requiring ROP and proteinuria increased the risk of ROP by 3.9 times (OR with 95% CI: 3.9 (1.19-12.75), p=0.042).Conclusion: We found significantly higher blood glucose and lower total bilirubin level in the type 1 ROP group. Moreover, our findings suggest that proteinuria seems to be a new and important risk factor for both ROP and type 1 ROP in preterm infants.
Effects of sugammadex versus neostigmine on postoperative nausea and vomiting in adult patients after general anesthesia: A single-center retrospective study
Authors: Ju Jae-Woo , Hwang In Eob , Cho Hye-Yeon , Yang Seong Mi , Kim Won Ho , Lee Ho-Jin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: We aimed to compare the use of sugammadex to that of neostigmine in association with the occurrence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) during the first 24 h following general anesthesia.Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 10,912 patients who underwent elective surgery under general anesthesia in 2020 at an academic medical center in Seoul, South Korea. The exposure groups were determined according to whether the patient received sugammadex or neostigmine as a reversal agent. Demographic and perioperative variables, including PONV occurrence, were collected from the electronic medical records. The primary outcome was PONV occurrence during the first 24 h postoperatively (overall). Secondary outcomes were PONV occurrence during 0–2 h (early) and 2–24 h (delayed) postoperatively, and antiemetic use during the first 24 h postoperatively. The associations between the type of reversal agent and primary and secondary outcomes were investigated using logistic regression, while adjusting for confounding variables using stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting (sIPTW). An interaction analysis was also performed to investigate whether the type of general anesthesia influenced the association between sugammadex use and PONV occurrence.Results: Of the 10,912 patients included in this study, 5,918 (54.2%) received sugammadex. Sugammadex (vs. neostigmine) was found to be significantly associated with the occurrence of overall PONV (15.8 vs. 17.7%; odds ratio [OR], 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.79–0.97; P = 0.010), the occurrence of early PONV (7.6 vs. 9.7%; OR, 0.77; 98.7% CI, 0.65–0.91; P < 0.001), and antiemetic use within 24 h postoperatively (11.8 vs. 14.3%, OR, 0.80; 98.3% CI, 0.70–0.92; P < 0.001) after sIPTW. There was no evidence of interactions between sugammadex use and type of anesthesia for the primary and secondary outcomes.Conclusions: Compared with neostigmine/glycopyrrolate, sugammadex use was associated with a lower occurrence of PONV during the first 24 h following general anesthesia. Additionally, there was no significant interaction between the type of reversal agent and type of general anesthesia related to overall PONV occurrence. However, our retrospective study design precludes a firm conclusion regarding the effect of sugammadex on PONV after general anesthesia.Trial registration: not applicable
Eco-friendly cement-less concrete from hazardous iron ore tailing and waste of cellulose-pulp, concrete demolition and lime production.
Authors: Mymrin Vsevolod , Pedroso Cleber L. , Pedroso Daniela E. , Rolim Paulo H.B. , Catai Rodrigo E. , Carvalho Karina Q. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The rapid deterioration of the environmental situation comes mainly from environmental pollution by industrial and municipal wastes in the form of industrial and landfilled industrial and municipal wastes. The only way out of this threatening situation is the urgent utilization of all these wastes as valuable raw materials alternative to traditional natural materials. This article describes in detail the result of the complete replacement of natural materials with four industrial wastes – from iron ore processing, cellulose and pulp production, concrete production and demolition, and lime production - without changing the technological process nor creating new residues. The samples' axial resistance values reached up to 4.94 MPa after 3 curing days, 5.75 MPa after 7 days, and 11.47 MPa on the 720th day of outdoor curing. The XRD, SEM, EDS, and LAMMA methods demonstrated the sol-gel solutions' chemical interaction process and their gradual densification to a stone-like state. The developed materials have high mechanical and environmental properties and can be used to produce construction materials, such as bases of road and airfield runways, levee cores, industrial and municipal dumps, building foundations, bricks, and blocks.
Integrated tumor genomic and immune microenvironment analysis identifies predictive biomarkers associated with the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy for triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Liu Xiaoan , Zhu Yanhui , Zhang Hongfei , Pan Chaohu , He Gao , Cui Xiaoli , Yu Xiafei , Zhang Xiaoqiang , Wu Dongfang , Yang Junzhe , Wu Xian , Luo Haitao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Although neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is currently the best therapy for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), resistance still occurs in a considerable proportion of TNBC patients, making it crucial to understand resistance mechanisms and identify predictive biomarkers for patient selection.Methods: Biopsy samples were collected from 21 patients with TNBC who underwent NAC. Whole-exome sequencing, targeted sequencing, and multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) were carried out on the all clinical samples and used to identify and validate potential biomarkers associated with response to NAC. In addition, data on 190 TNBC patients who had undergone chemotherapy were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and analyzed to further validate our findings.Results: Both the tumor mutational burden (TMB) and tumor neoantigen burden (TNB) were significantly higher in responders than in non-responders. Higher response rates and longer survival rates were observed in patients with higher TMB. Patients with higher ratios of CD8 to M2 macrophages had higher response rates and improved survival rates. Finally, integrated analysis demonstrated that the combination of TMB and the ratio of CD8 T cells to M2 macrophages could further distinguish responders from non-responders in both enrolled patients and from public data.Conclusions: The findings of this study indicated that the combination of TMB and the ratio of CD8 T cells to M2 macrophages may be a potential biomarker for improving the recognition of NAT responders, thereby providing a basis for developing precision NAT regimens.
Comparison of three-dimensional navigation-guided percutaneous screw and minimally invasive percutaneous plate for ZoneⅡsacral fractures
Authors: Liu Ximing , Pei Xuan , Zhou Wei , Qian Shenglong , Ke Xi , Wang Guodong , Cai Xianhua 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purposes The aim of surgical treatment for ZoneⅡsacral fractures is to rebuild the stability of the pelvis and prevent complications. Iliosacral screw and minimally invasive percutaneous plate all can used in ZoneⅡsacral fractures. Screw fixation under 3D navigation was increasingly adopted to improve surgical accuracy and safety. 3D Navigation is more accurate, has shorter surgical time, and has less radiation exposure than conventional X-ray in sacral fractures fixation. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the efficacy of percutaneous iliosacral screw fixation under 3D navigation with minimally invasive percutaneous plate fixation in the treatment of ZoneⅡsacral fractures.Methods Records of patients with ZoneⅡsacral fractures were extracted from the case system. Patients with 3D-navigation-guided percutaneous screw fixation (A fixation group) and minimally invasive percutaneous plate (B fixation group) were included. Patients' injury severity score (ISS), operative time, intra-operative blood loss, length of hospital stay, follow-up time, time to weight bearing, time to clinical healing, and complications were recorded. Matta criteria were used to assess fracture reduction outcomes. Functional outcomes were assessed using the Majeed grading system. X-rays were used to assess fracture displacement and healing. Results Thirty-five patients in group A and twenty-nine patients in group B were included in this study. Operative time, intra-operative blood loss, length of hospital stay were lower in the A fixation group than in the B fixation group. No significant differences were found between the two groups in ISS, time from admission to operation, time to weight bearing, time to clinical healing, Matta scores, or Majeed scores at follow-up.Conclusions Based on the results of this study, we conclude that these two methods can achieve satisfactory clinical results in the treatment of ZoneⅡsacral fractures. 3D-navigation-guided percutaneous screw fixation has a faster operative time, less blood loss, and shorter hospital stay. In clinical work, we suggest a good option for the treatment of ZoneⅡsacral fractures with percutaneous iliosacral screws under 3D-navigation. It is also suitable for patients with vertical displacement and dysmorphic sacral, with careful and adequate preoperative evaluation preplanning.
CXCL12 drives pericyte accumulation and airway remodeling in allergic airway disease
Authors: Bignold Rebecca , Shammout Bushra , Rowley Jessica E. , Repici Mariaelena , Simms John , Johnson Jill R. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Airway remodeling is a significant contributor to impaired lung function in chronic allergic airway disease. Currently, no therapy exists that is capable of targeting these structural changes and the consequent loss of function. In the context of chronic allergic inflammation, pericytes have been shown to uncouple from the pulmonary microvasculature, migrate to areas of inflammation, and significantly contribute to airway wall remodeling and lung dysfunction. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which pulmonary pericytes accumulate in the airway wall in a model of chronic allergic airway inflammation.
Methods
Mice were subjected to a protocol of chronic airway inflammation driven by the common environmental aeroallergen house dust mite. Phenotypic changes to lung pericytes were assessed by flow cytometry and immunostaining, and the functional capacity of these cells was evaluated using in vitro migration assays. The molecular mechanisms driving these processes were targeted pharmacologically in vivo and in vitro.
Results
Pericytes demonstrated increased CXCR4 expression in response to chronic allergic inflammation and migrated more readily to its cognate chemokine, CXCL12. This increase in migratory capacity was accompanied by pericyte accumulation in the airway wall, increased smooth muscle thickness, and symptoms of dyspnea. Pericyte uncoupling from pulmonary vessels and subsequent migration to the airway wall were abrogated following topical treatment with the CXCL12 neutraligand LIT-927.
Conclusion
These results provide new insight into the role of the CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling axis in promoting pulmonary pericyte accumulation and airway remodeling and validate a novel target to address tissue remodeling associated with chronic inflammation.
Targeting MDC1 promotes apoptosis and sensitizes Imatinib resistance in CML cells by mainly disrupting non-homologous end-joining repair
Authors: Liang Yang , Qin Yuefeng , Jiang Guoyun , Feng Wenli , Yuan Ying 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The first-line drug Imatinib (IM) has achieved a curative effect in most chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients, but drug resistance remains a problem. More alternative therapeutic strategies need to explore. In recent years, targeting dysregulated DNA repair mechanisms provided promising options for CML treatment.
Methods
The Co-IP assay was used to analyze the proteins that interact with Mediator of DNA Damage Checkpoint 1 (MDC1). The repair assays were based on the reporter plasmids to study the repair ability of cells. We detected DNA damage mainly through the comet assay and immunofluorescence assays. RT-qPCR and western blot were performed to measure the expression of MDC1 in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) from CML patients and cell lines. Clone formation assays were used to test the proliferation ability of CML cells. Flow cytometry and western blot were used to analyze cell apoptosis.
Results
In this study, we discovered the versatile MDC1 interacted with γ-H2AX and 53BP1 in the early stage of the DNA damage response of cells. MDC1 was over-expressed in CML cell lines and patients’ BMMCs. By knocking down MDC1, non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathways were mainly inhibited, leading to an intense accumulation of unrepaired intracellular DNA damage and an apparent cell apoptosis promotion. Notably, targeting MDC1 further enhanced drug sensitivity in IM-resistant CML cells.
Conclusions
Our work demonstrated that MDC1 is a prospective target for CML treatment through regulating DNA damage repair mechanism, and also an alternative option to cope with the current IM resistance dilemma. This study extends the understanding of regulating dysfunctional DNA repair mechanisms for cancer treatment.
Flexible assertive community treatment in rural contexts: a qualitative study on the challenges and adaptions of the model
Authors: Trane Kristin , Aasbrenn Kristian , Rønningen Martin , Odden Sigrun , Lexén Annika , Landheim Anne Signe 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Flexible assertive community treatment (FACT) is an innovative model for providing long-term treatment to people with severe mental illness. This model was developed in the Netherlands but is now used in other countries, including Norway, which has a complex and fragmented service system and geography different from the Netherlands, with many rural areas. Implementation of innovations is context-dependent. The FACT model’s potential in rural areas, such as those in Norway, has not been studied. Therefore, we aimed to gain knowledge regarding the challenges and modifications of the model in rural contexts and discuss how they can affect the model’s potential in such areas. This knowledge can improve the understanding of how FACT teams or similar services can be adapted to function most optimally in rural conditions. We sought to address the following questions: Which elements of the FACT model do team leaders of the rural FACT teams find particularly challenging due to the context, and what modifications have the teams made to the model? Methods: Digital interviews were conducted with five team leaders from five rural FACT teams in different parts of Norway. They were selected using purposive sampling to include team leaders from some of the most rural teams in Norway. The interviews were analysed using thematic text analysis.Results: The following three themes described the elements of the FACT model that were experienced as particularly challenging in the rural context: multidisciplinary shared caseload approach, intensive outreach and crisis management. The following eight themes described the modifications that the teams had made to the model: intermunicipal collaboration, context-adaptive planning, delegation of tasks to municipal services, part-time employment, different geographical locations of staff, use of digital tools, fewer FACT board meetings and reduced caseload.Conclusions: Rural contexts appear to challenge the FACT model’s potential. However, modifications can be made, some of which can be considered innovative modifications that can increase the model’s potential in rural areas, while others might move the teams further away from the model. There appears to be a limit to the length of travel distances and sparsity of population for the FACT model to function.