bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling exotic fraction to predict regions with high potential of plant invasion.
Authors: Tyler R. Kirsten , Galford Gillian , Wallin Kimberly 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Invasive plant species contribute to alteration of ecosystem functioning, reduction of native diversity, and have negative effects on numerous ecosystem services. Increases in anthropogenic regional connectivity is effectively intensifying establishment of self-sustaining populations of invasive plants around the globe. However, some ecosystems are disproportionately susceptible to incoming species. In this study, we used a recently compiled global data set of invasive plant distributions to calculate exotic fraction and estimate regional invasibility on a global scale. We found islands in Australasia to have the highest potential for future plant invasions. An appropriate invasibility metric, as the one developed here, has been largely lacking from invasive species studies despite its potential to guide effective, pre-emptive strategies for invasion prevention. We suggest that this tool is used as an efficient method to determine regions of greatest priority and opportunity for successful mitigation of threats from invasion.
Should commercial diagnostic testing be stimulated or discouraged? Analyzing willingness-to-pay and market externalities using three case studies from the Netherlands
Authors: Stadhouders Niek , Vliet Ella van , Brabers Anne , Dijk Wieteke van , Onstwedder Suzanne 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Introduction -
Consumers may purchase commercial diagnostic tests (CDT) without prior doctor consultation. This paper analyzes three CDT markets - commercial cholesterol tests (CCT), direct-to-consumer genetic health tests (DGT) and total body scans (TBS) - in the context of the universal, collectively financed healthcare system of the Netherlands.
Methods -
An online willingness-to-pay (WTP)-questionnaire was sent to a representative sample of 1500 Dutch consumers. Using contingent valuation (CV) methodology, an array of bids for three self-tests were presented to the respondents. The results were extrapolated to the Dutch population and compared to current prices and follow-up medical utilization, allowing analysis from a societal perspective.
Results -
Overall, 880 of 1500 respondents completed the questionnaire (response rate 59%). Of the respondents, 26%-44% was willing to pay a positive amount for the CDT. WTP was correlated to gender and household income, but not to health status or prior experience with these tests. At mean current prices of €29 for CCT, €229 for DGT and €1650 for TBS, 3.3%, 2.5%, and 1.1%, was willing to purchase a CCT, DGT, and TBS, respectively. All three CDT resulted in net costs to the health system, estimated at €5, €16, and €44 per test, respectively. Reducing volumes by 90,000 CCTs (19%), 19,000 DGTs (5%) and 4,000 TBSs (2.5%) in 2019 would optimize welfare.
Conclusion -
Most respondents were unwilling to consume CDT at any price or only if the CDT were provided for free. However, for a small group of consumers, societal cost exceed private benefits. Therefore, CDT regulation could provide small welfare gains.
Evaluation of non-invasive markers of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B patients in a sub- saharan African setting: Transient elastography Versus APRI, FIB4, GTT/ Platelet scores
Authors: Eloumou Servais Albert Fiacre Bagnaka , Nga Tatiana Winnie Bekolo , Ndam Antonin Ndjitoyap , Shang Cynthia Kila , Malongue Agnes , Noah Dominique Noah , Andoulo Firmin Ankouane , Tzeuton Christian , Luma Henry Namme , Gouajio Gael Gilles Aghoagni , Djapa Guy Roger Nsenga 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Non-invasive markers which use routine laboratory tests are less expensive and highly needed to assess and stage liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B patients in Sub Saharan Africa. We aimed at evaluating liver fibrosis, using Aspartate aminotransferase to Platelet Ratio Index (APRI), Fibrosis Index Based on 4 factors (FIB4), and Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase to Platelet Ratio (GPR) in chronic hepatitis B patients with transient elastography as the reference so as to choose an alternative to transient elastography.
Method: We carried out a cross-sectional study using the records of patients who attended the Douala General Hospital and Marie O Polyclinic Douala between 2012 to 2017. Non-invasive tests were compared with Transient Elastography. The spearman coefficient was used to determine correlation. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values and negative predictive values were used to get the optimal cut off values. The diagnostic accuracy was estimated by calculating the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (ROC). P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Of the 243 patient records studied, the median age or inter quartile range (IQR) was 35(29-42) years with a male predominance of 73.7%. More than 60% of the study population had normal transaminases. Significant fibrosis was found in 88(36.2%) patient and 32(13.7%) patient had cirrhosis. APRI had the best cut off values and highest area under the ROC Curve, for significant fibrosis and cirrhosis with 0.55(0.823 95% CI [0.769-0.869], P<0.001) and 0.65(0.84 95% CI [0.788-0.884], P<0.005) respectively.
Conclusion: APRI, had the best diagnostic properties to detect liver fibrosis and cirrhosis in patients with Chronic Hepatitis B in Douala. The cut off values are 0.55 and 0.65 for significant fibrosis and cirrhosis respectively.
Generating a novel chaotic system by coupling (Rossler-Chen) systems
Authors: Ibraheem Mustafa Khalil , Jamal Raied K. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this work, a novel chaotic system with a new chaotic behavior is proposed when two chaotic systems (Rossler and Chen) with two different behaviors are combined. The x1, y1 and z1 dynamics of the Rӧssler system was coupled with x2,y2 and z2 dynamics of the Chen system respectively. The Berkeley Madonna program was used to implement and analyze the behavior of the novel chaotic system. The novel chaotic system presented a fundamental difference in the time series of the three dynamics and also a difference in the attractors compared to the time series and the attractors of the two original systems, where the output behavior of a novel chaotic system was almost double scrolling and hyper chaotic behavior. When examining the fast Fourier transformation spectra, it was found that the behavior of the novel chaotic system has a wider bandwidth than the initial state, which means that the Chen system affected the Rossler system significantly and increased the efficiency of the work of the Rossler system in a number of applications, most importantly in secure communications.
The Power Spectrum Of Primordial Gravitational Waves Generated by Anisotropic Metric
Authors: Mohammadi Taimur , Malekolkalami Behrooz 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
One of the predictions from simple inflation models is stochastic background of gravitational waves (or literally what is called Primordial Gravitational Waves (PGW)) with a nearly scale– invariant spectrum. To discuss a possible direct detection of PGW, the quantity so–called Spectral Energy Density (SED) has crucial role. In this work, we consider PGW amplified by inflation and generated by perturbing the Anisotropic (Bianchi type–I) metric. We focus on the SED quantity of these gravity waves. The intended frameworks are the Einstein’s and modified (pure quadratic Ricci scalar) gravities. The spectral graphs for SED shows that in Einstein’s gravity, the anisotropic model has the ability to adapt to the observational data (BBN bounds) and in the modified gravity, in addition to observational constraint adaptation, the scale–invariant character of the spectrum is much more pronounced.
Thermal performance enhancement of the wick-type solar still using Titanium dioxide nanoparticles embedded in paraffin wax as a phase change storage material
Authors: Ibrahim Ali , El-Sebaii Ahmed , Aboul-Enein Saad , Hegazy Mohamed , Fleafl Assem , Khallaf A.M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this study, the performance of the wick-type solar still was investigated using phase change storage material (PCM) with titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Therefore, two solar stills were fabricated one of which was operated with pure PCM and the other one was operated with PCM incorporated with Tio2 nanoparticles. The use of the nanoparticles was to enhance the thermal conductivity of the PCM and hence improve the productivity and the efficiency of the studied solar still. The proposed design was investigated with jute and cotton as wick materials. The results revealed that the addition of the nanoparticles boosted the thermal conductivity of the PCM by 9.6%. Moreover, the daily productivity was found to be 1058 and 1226 ml/m2hr for cotton and jute, respectively in case of the presence of the PCM-nanocomposite.
BNP protects against diabetic cardiomyopathy by promoting Opa1-mediated mitochondrial fusion via activating the PKG-STAT3 pathway
Authors: Fu Feng , Chang Pan , Zhang Xiaomeng , Zhang Jing , Wang Jianbang , Wang Xihui , Li Man , Wang Rui , Yu Jun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) belongs to the family of natriuretic peptides, which are responsible for a wide range of actions. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is often associated with increased BNP levels. This present research intends to explore the role of BNP in the development of DCM and the underlying mechanisms. Diabetes was induced in mice using streptozotocin (STZ). Primary neonatal cardiomyocytes were treated with high glucose. It was found that the levels of plasma BNP started to increase at 8 weeks after diabetes, which preceded the development of DCM. Addition of exogenous BNP promoted Opa1-mediated mitochondrial fusion, inhibited mitochondrial oxidative stress, preserved mitochondrial respiratory capacity and prevent the development of DCM, while knockdown of endogenous BNP exacerbated mitochondrial dysfunction and accelerated DCM. Opa1 knockdown attenuated the aforementioned protective action of BNP both in vivo and in vitro. BNP-induced mitochondrial fusion requires the activation of STAT3, which facilitated Opa1 transcription by binding to its promoter regions. PKG, a crucial signaling biomolecule in the BNP signaling pathway, interacted with STAT3 and induced its activation. Knockdown of NPRA (the receptor of BNP) or PKG blunted the promoting effect of BNP on STAT3 phosphorylation and Opa1-mediated mitochondrial fusion. The result of this study demonstrated for the first time that there is a rise in BNP during the early stages of DCM as a compensatory protection mechanism. BNP is a novel mitochondrial fusion activator in protecting against hyperglycemia-induced mitochondrial oxidative injury and DCM through the activation of NPRA-PKG-STAT3-Opa1 signaling pathway.
A Rare Case of Invasive Ductal Carcinoma and Ductal Carcinoma In Situ Found Within Borderline Phyllodes Tumor
Authors: Shin Stephanie E. , Lee Margaret , Greenwalt Ian , Sogunro Olutayo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Phyllodes tumor (PT) of the breast is a fibroepithelial neoplasm with incidence of around 1%. In 1-2% of PTs, a concomitant breast carcinoma is incidentally found encapsulated within the PT. Here, we present a rare case of an infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) found within a borderline phyllodes tumor (bPT).
Methods: Medical records were queried for this patient who received care at our facility in 2022.
Results: A 32-year-old Asian female presented to our breast surgery center for bilateral masses present for 2 years. She denied any remarkable family history, use of hormonal therapy, and had no history of breast or ovarian cancers. Multiple initial core needle biopsies (CNB) revealed non-concerning fibroadenomas in both breasts. Eighteen months later, she noted a rapid increase in her left breast, prompting biopsy which revealed a borderline phyllodes tumor, removed intraoperatively shortly after. Surgical pathology reported an incidentally found IDC and DCIS, both encapsulated within the bPTand a positive superior margin. Re-excision and sentinel lymph node biopsy was performed and pathology was without any residual tumors and all lymph nodes were negative. Closure was achieved by plastic surgery with local tissue rearrangement in both surgeries. To our knowledge, the patient has not had any complications and her right breast lesions are stable.
Conclusions: There are currently no treatment guidelines for encapsulated IDC and DCIS. While these cases are exceedingly rare, breast surgeons should be aware of the possible PT disease course and how to counsel their patient if an encapsulated breast carcinoma is found.
Structure optimization of liquid-cooled lithium-ion batteries based on particle swarm algorithm
Authors: Song Zhihao , Liu Xintian , Qian Kangfeng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
If lithium-ion batteries are used under high temperature conditions for a long time, it will accelerate the aging of the battery, and the excessive temperature difference will also affect the consistency of the battery. The cooling system of the battery can make the battery work more safely, and it is important to optimize the heat dissipation of the Lithium-ion battery. It is difficult for batteries to improve the overall performance by optimizing only a single factor. Based on orthogonal analysis and response surface, the thermal performance of the cell was analyzed with five factors, such as runner thickness, runner width, inlet temperature, inlet flow rate, and ambient temperature. A particle swarm algorithm was used to optimize the parameters of the variables, and the best cooling performance can be obtained with the optimized parameters. Using this optimization method, the overall temperature of the cell can be reduced and the uniformity of temperature distribution can be improved. The strategy can be widely applied to improve the structure of the cell and reduce the analysis time.
Modified Proximal Point Algorithms for Variational Inclusion Problems on Hadamard Manifolds
Authors: Ansari Qamrul Hasan , Uddin Moin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this article, we propose two modified proximal point algorithms for computing the solutions of theinclusion problems in the setting of Hadamard manifolds.In the first algorithm, we use line search method, whereas in second algorithm,we use simple self adaptive stepsize rule.We study the convergence analysis for both the algorithms under mild assumptions.We present a numerical example to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithms.
MSC Classification: 47J22 , 47H05 , 58A05
Structures of LIG1 uncover a lack of sugar discrimination against a ribonucleotide
at the 3'-end of nick DNA
Authors: CAGLAYAN MELIKE , Tang Qun , Gulkis Mitchell 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Ribonucleotides can be incorporated by DNA polymerases and the subsequent joining of 3'-OH and 5'-P ends in the phosphodiester backbone at the nick by DNA ligase during DNA replication and repair is critical for maintaining genome stability. Although it has been extensively studied for DNA polymerases across families, the sugar discrimination mechanism of a human DNA ligase at atomic resolution is entirely missing. Here, for the first time, we determine X-ray structure of DNA ligase I (LIG1) in complex with nick DNA containing rG:C at the 3'-end and capture the ligase at the final phosphodiester bond formation step of the ligation reaction involving an adenylate (AMP) release. Moreover, we show mutagenic end joining of the nick DNA substrate with preinserted 3'-rG:C by LIG1 in vitro. Our findings reveal an important source of ribonucleotides embedded in genomic DNA, which could come from the failure of LIG1 to discriminate against a ribonucleotide at the 3'-end during nick sealing step of DNA replication and repair.
A Smartphone-Based Disposable Hemoglobin Biosensor Based on Colorimetric Analysis
Authors: Meng Zhuolun , Tayyab Muhammad , Lin Zhongtian , Raji Hassan , Javanmard Mehdi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Hemoglobin is a biomarker of interest for the diagnosis and prognosis of various diseases such as anemia, sickle cell disease, and thalassemia. In this paper, we present a disposable biosensor that has the potential of being used in a setting for accurately quantifying hemoglobin levels in whole blood based on colorimetric analysis using a smartphone camera. Our biosensor employs a disposable microfluidic chip which is made using medical-grade tapes and filter paper on a glass slide in conjunction with a custom-made PolyDimethylSiloaxane (PDMS) micropump for enhancing capillary flow. Once the blood flows through the device, the glass slide is imaged using a smartphone equipped with a custom 3D printed attachment. The attachment has a Light Emitting Diode (LED) that functions as an independent light source to reduce the noise caused by background illumination and external light sources. We then use the RGB values obtained from the image to quantify the hemoglobin levels. We demonstrated the capability of our device for quantifying hemoglobin in Bovine Hemoglobin Powder, Frozen Beef Blood, and human blood. We present a linear model that specifies the relationship between the Red channel of the RGB values and Hemoglobin concentration.
Inclusion of sun dried brewer’s spent yeast to improves nutritive value, in vitro digestibility and rumen degradability of wheat straw
Authors: Terefe Geberemariyam , Walelgne Mulugeta , Fekadu Dereje , Kitaw Getu , Dejene Mesfin , Kehaliu Aeimro , Mekonne Bethlehem , Habteyesus Yohannse 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Dry brewery spent yeast has high protein (43.5% CP) and metabolizable (14.3 MJ/kg DM) contents and it is an effective animal feed. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the chemical composition, invitro digestibility, and in situ degradability of sun-dried brewer’s yeast and wheat straw. Liquid brewer's waste yeast (BSY) and water were mixed at ratios of 1:5 each, respectively. The mixed debris was immersed for 7 hours in a 200-litter plastic bucket. The material was placed in a fixed location and given time to allow the biomass (residues) to settle in the foundation of the materials. Water accumulated above the biomass was easily removed by tilting the container after the BSY had been soaked with water. After washing the floor to get rid of any dust, the biomass was poured over the area to dry. After three days of sun drying, the dried brewery yeast was collected and removed by using a scraper. The dry spent yeast (DY) and wheat straw (WS) was milled (1-2mm) and mixed uniformly. Six treatments were made with different rates (DY0, DY10, DY20, DY30, DY40, and DY50 for DY: WS at 0:100, 10:90, 20:80, 30:70, 40:60 and 50:50, respectively) on a dry matter (DM) basis. Three cannulated Boran-Friesian steers with average body weight (480 kg) and age(42 months) were used to incubate samples for 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours. The nylon bags were 6.5 by 14 cm and had a 50 µm pore. Ash, crude protein (CP), digestible organic matter in the dry matter, estimated digestible protein, and metabolizable energy contents were increased in proportion to dry yeast inclusion increased, while all fiber fractions were declined (P < 0.01). Chemical composition of wheat straw is improved by the addition of dry yeast (50%) and raising the concentrations of Ca, P, Cu, and Zn (P < 0.01) while lowering the other minerals (K and Fe). As dry yeast inclusion increased, the kinetics of DM, CP, and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) breakdown similarly accelerated (P < 0.01). Therefore, we advise limiting the use of wheat straw can be improved with the inclusion of dry brewery spent yeast. However, feeding experiments are needed to verify the context of animal performances and economic returns.
Transcriptome analysis of the potential mechanisms regulating autophagy in matrine- treated IMCD3 cells
Authors: Yan Chenghua , Li Yanzhen , Kuang Wendong , Wang Rongliang , Niu Ling , Liao Yongcui , Ma Guangqiang , Jin Liang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a genetic disorder characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of renal cells, with the consequent formation of cysts and loss of renal function. Matrine has the effect of regulating autophagy, and is considered to regulate inflammatory responses and cyst formation. Therefore, in this study we focused on the pathological mechanism of matrine-regulated autophagy in polycystic kidney disease, and identified some autophagy-regulated genes. We also performed transcriptome sequencing of matrine-treated mouse renal epithelial cells (IMCD3). The pathway analysis results showed that signal transduction, including adrenergic signaling in cardiomyocytes, Hippo signaling pathway, and calcium signaling pathway, which are closely related to autophagy, comprises the main pathological changes of IMCD3 cells treated with matrine. These results indicate that exaggerated autophagy participates in the pathological process of polycystic kidney disease, and may provide new insight for further basic research on PKD.
Is it acceptable to have a child? Revealing Chinese household carbon footprints from a demographic perspective using the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) model
Authors: Wang Shuo , Dai Yuqi , Jin Wenli , Yang Fenglin , Liu Xiaoyu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Calculating personal household carbon footprints is crucial to achieve carbon neutrality while accounting for the age transition and urban-rural and gender structures. However, such a calculation is rarely performed from a demographic perspective due to the need for elaborate consumption surveys and frequent population censuses. Here, we present an integrated framework coupled input-output analysis with a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) model to determine the personal household carbon footprint from a demographic perspective in China. We found that personal household carbon footprints in urban and rural China have grown continuously from 1997 to 2017. The urban and rural household carbon footprints increased from 1.58 and 0.63 tons/a·person to 2.43 and 1.41 tons/a·person, respectively. In 2017, the household carbon footprints of 15- and 65-year-olds were the highest, while those of 0- and 40-year-olds were the lowest. The indirect household carbon footprint of men was greater than that of women in all age groups, with the greatest difference between men and women observed in 2017 (0.075 tons/a·person). The total household carbon footprint of a 24-year-old individual (born in 1997) was 60.9 and 27.2 tCO2in urban and rural areas, respectively, which requires an equivalent of 71 and 32 trees to achieve carbon neutrality. Herein, we highlight that a range of policies that take consider different demographic characteristics are needed to effectively reduce the carbon footprint. The data and results presented in the paper provide policymakers with useful information for the formation of appropriate policies aimed at carbon footprint reduction from a demographic perspective.