bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adults with unilateral lower-limb amputation: greater spatial extent of pain is associated with worse adjustment, greater activity restrictions, and less prosthesis satisfaction
Authors: Sions Jaclyn Megan , Beisheim-Ryan Emma Haldane , Pohlig Ryan Todd , Seth Mayank 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objectives
This study’s primary purpose was to determine if the extent of bodily pain, as evaluated with pain body diagrams, is associated with prosthetic-related activity restrictions, adjustment, and satisfaction among adults with a major unilateral lower-limb amputation. A secondary objective was to evaluate between-days, test-retest reliability for pain body diagrams among adults with lower-limb amputation.

Methods
Adults with a lower-limb amputation that occurred ≥1 year prior participated in an online, cross-sectional research study. Outcome measures included pain body diagrams and the Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scales-Revised, which evaluates post-amputation activity restrictions, psychosocial adjustment, and prosthesis satisfaction. Linear regression modeling was used to evaluate associations between the number of painful body regions and prosthetic outcomes, after considering covariates (alpha ≤ 0.010). A subset of participants recompleted pain body diagrams to evaluate between-days, test-retest reliability.

Results
Data from 74 participants (n = 32 female; n = 42 transtibial-level; n = 27 traumatic etiology) were available. Beyond covariates (i.e., age, sex, amputation level), the total number of painful body regions was significantly associated with all Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scales-Revised subscales (p < 0.001–0.006), with the exception of Social Adjustment (p = 0.764). The total number of painful body regions explained 14.5, 11.8, 11.6, and 7.4% of the variance in Functional Satisfaction with the Prosthesis, Adjustment to Limitation, General Adjustment, and Activity Restriction, respectively. In a subset (n = 54), test-retest reliability for total number of painful body regions per body diagrams was good [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC)3,1 = 0.84].

Conclusions
A greater number of painful body regions is associated with greater activity restriction, worse adjustment, and lower prosthesis satisfaction, supporting the need to enhance post-amputation pain management and both amputated- and secondary-site pain prevention.

Ethical committee number
IRB #1611862.
Employing political persuasion to manage rapport: qualitative analysis of campaign leaflets in Sheffield Central constituency
Authors: Zhu Wuhan , Zhu Yangfei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Rapport management is argued to be a critical antecedent of voter support in election campaigns, as it can motivate cooperation. However, little research has been conducted exploring how rapport is managed in such practice. In the present study, the campaign leaflets of four political parties in Sheffield Central constituency for the 2017 UK general election were analysed in relation to rapport-management strategies. Three domains of discourse were identified and classified in terms of one or more of the six principles of persuasion: Reciprocity, Consistency and Commitment, Social Proof, Authority, Liking, and Scarcity. The findings showed that Reciprocity and Liking were the commonly employed principles in the rapport-management strategies. These two principles were established in the leaflets by justifying and explaining credentials. Authority played a major role in influencing the functioning of the other principles in the rapport-management strategies. Specifically, the more authority a party had, the stronger the commitment made to act as rapport-management strategies. In contrast, the less authority a party had, the greater social proof and scarcity were involved in the strategies.
The composition of the gut microbiome in patients with sarcopenia
Authors: Wu Yue , Xia Yanting , Huang Shunmei , Liu Shiyu , Yang Ji , Yang Yunmei , Zhu Xuan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The purpose of this study is to predict sarcopenia by analyzing the composition of the gut microbiota.

Methods
We collected fecal samples for 16S rRNA sequencing, then we used the data results to analyze the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota and calculated the relationship between biochemical indexes and the microbiota.

Results
According to PCA and heatmap analysis, the characteristics of patients could be divided into two categories. Moreover, the P/B (Prevotella/Bacteroides) ratio of the sarcopenia group was higher than that of the control group in terms of relative abundance. A box plot based on the Chao1 and observed OTU values indicated both the relative abundance and diversity of the gut microbiota in sarcopenia patients were lower than those in the control group. After we applied binary logistic regression and ROC curve analysis to the data, we confirmed that three indexes (P/B value, Coprococcus, and Lachnospiraceae) could be used to predict sarcopenia.

Conclusions
We can distinguish sarcopenia patients through the gut microbiota P/B index (over 1.7), the relative amount of Coprococcus (1.00–3.70%), and the relative amount of Lachnospiraceae (0.00–1.68%). Sarcopenia can be predicted with the help of the gut micro-community, which provides an improvement in methodology.
Particle resolved numerical modeling of unsteady forced convection of nanofluid around a porous cuboid with sinusoidal inlet velocity
Authors: Mohammadi Mahsa , Massoudifarid Milad , Hojaji Mohammad , Karimipour Arash , Hwang Jungho , Massoudi Farid Massoud 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this research, the laminar, incompressible, unsteady oscillatory flow and convective heat transfer of nanofluid around a porous cuboid were studied two-dimensionally using particle resolved calculations. Several cuboids of different sizes and porosities and with a constant temperature were subjected to a nanofluid flow with a sinusoidal velocity profile. The effects of the Reynolds number (Re = 100–900), the volume fraction of nanoparticles, the aspect ratio of the porous cuboid, the Darcy number and the amplitude and frequency of the inlet velocity on the flow field and heat transfer were investigated. To evaluate the system’s optimal performance, performance evaluation criteria (PEC) were also investigated. The results showed that increasing the Reynolds number improved thermal performance. Increasing the volume fraction of nanoparticles increased the Nusselt number; however, the pressure drop coefficient increased more strongly. The heat transfer and pressure drop coefficient increased in line with the growth of the porous cuboid aspect ratio. When the Darcy number was increased, the Nusselt number first increased and then decreased and the pressure drop coefficient continuously decreased. A higher amplitude of the inlet velocity profile augmented the heat transfer and pressure drop coefficient. An increase in the amplitude and frequency of the inlet velocity profile widened the range of drag and lift coefficients. Furthermore, flow at different inlet velocity frequencies (f
* = 0–10) behaved differently; as a result, the maximum rate of heat transfer and pressure drop was obtained at f
*=5. However, considering the ratio of the Nusselt number to the pressure drop coefficient and PEC parameter, the optimum frequency was f
*=9.
Chronic Behavioral Manipulation via Orally Delivered Chemogenetic Actuator in Macaques
Authors: Oyama Kei , Hori Yukiko , Nagai Yuji , Miyakawa Naohisa , Mimura Koki , Hirabayashi Toshiyuki , Inoue Ken-ichi , Takada Masahiko , Higuchi Makoto , Minamimoto Takafumi 
Published: February 2022

The chemogenetic technology referred to as designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) offers reversible means to control neuronal activity for investigating its functional correlation with behavioral action. Deschloroclozapine (DCZ), a recently developed highly potent and selective DREADD actuator, displays a capacity to expand the utility of DREADDs for chronic manipulation without side effects in nonhuman primates, which has not yet been validated. Here we investigated the pharmacokinetics and behavioral effects of orally administered DCZ in female and male macaque monkeys. Pharmacokinetic analysis and PET occupancy examination demonstrated that oral administration of DCZ yielded slower and prolonged kinetics, and that its bioavailability was 10%-20% of that in the case of systemic injection. Oral DCZ (300-1000 μg/kg) induced significant working memory impairments for at least 4 h in monkeys with hM4Di expressed in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (Brodmann's area 46). Repeated daily oral doses of DCZ consistently caused similar impairments over two weeks without discernible desensitization. Our results indicate that orally delivered DCZ affords a less invasive strategy for chronic but reversible chemogenetic manipulation of neuronal activity in nonhuman primates, and this has potential for clinical application.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe use of designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) for chronic manipulation of neuronal activity for days to weeks may be feasible for investigating brain functions and behavior on a long time-scale, and thereby for developing therapeutics for brain disorders, such as epilepsy. Here we performed pharmacokinetics andin vivooccupancy study of orally administered deschloroclozapine to determine a dose range suitable for DREADDs studies. In monkeys expressing hM4Di in the prefrontal cortex, single and repeated daily doses significantly induced working-memory impairments for hours and over two weeks, respectively, without discernible desensitization. These results indicate that orally delivered deschloroclozapine produces long-term stable chemogenetic effects, and holds great promise for the translational use of DREADDs technology.
KINERJA SEKOLAH DIPREDIKSI DARI BIAYA PENDIDIKAN, KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH, PERAN KOMITE SEKOLAH, DAN IKLIM SEKOLAH
Authors: Amaliah Afifah Nur , Kardoyo Kardoyo , Santoso Jarot Tri Bowo 
Published: February 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh langsung biaya pendidikan, kepemimpinan kepala sekolah, peran komite sekolah, dan iklim sekolah secara parsial terhadap mutu lulusan, dan pengaruh tidak langsung melalui mutu proses. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif ex-post facto dengan sampel 28 SMA Negeri yang dipilih menggunakan menggunakan teknik cluster sampling. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode dokumentasi dan angket. Metode analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif, analisis jalur dan uji sobel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Secara parsial biaya pendidikan, iklim sekolah, peran komite sekolah, dan mutu proses berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap mutu lulusan. (2) Kepemimpinan kepala sekolah tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap mutu lulusan. (3) Biaya pendidikan dan iklim sekolah berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap mutu proses. (4) Mutu proses dapat memediasi biaya pendidikan dan iklim sekolah terhadap mutu lulusan secara parsial, dan tidak dapat memediasi kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dan peran komite sekolah terhadap mutu lulusan. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian menunjukan bahwa mutu proses hanya berperan sebagai mediator pada biaya pendidikan dan iklim sekolah.
Potential of Ginger (Zingiber officinale), as anti-hypercholesterolemia to prevent metabolic syndrome: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Melani Beta , Vikasari Suci Nar 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: One of the symptoms of metabolic syndrome is an increase in cholesterol levels in the blood. Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is a herbal plant that has several active compounds that can help improve lipid levels in the blood.
Aim: This systematic study was conducted to examine the potential of ginger as an anti-hypercholesterolemia to prevent metabolic syndrome.
Methods: The study was conducted on Indonesian-language articles through the Google Scholar Indonesia database. The inclusion criteria used were articles in Indonesian, preclinical and clinical experimental research, and complete articles that were accessible free of charge.
Results: The results of the study show that the anti-cholesterol effect of ginger has been proven both preclinically and clinically. To reduce blood cholesterol levels, ginger can be used combined with other herbs. Some of the active ingredients in ginger are phenolic compounds, including gingerols and shogaols. The suspected mechanism of action is to affect the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme by inhibiting the oxidation pathway and as antiinflammation.
Conclusion: Ginger has the potential to prevent metabolic syndrome by reducing cholesterol levels in the blood
Keywords: Ginger, Zingiber officinale, hypercholesterolemia, metabolic syndrome
The Antibacterial Activity of Acanthus ilicifolius L. n-Hexane Fraction
Authors: Warsinah Warsinah , Wijaya Triyadi Hendra , Ekowati Nuraeni 
Published: February 2022

Background: Recently, with the high prevalence of diarrhoea caused by bacterial infection, the usage of antibiotics has increased. Antibiotic overuse might lead to several side effects and resistance, suggesting the development of an alternate antibacterial agent. A mangrove plant, Acanthus Illinois, contained triterpenoid, which has antibacterial properties.
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial effect of the Acanthus Illinois n-hexane fraction against Escherichia coli and Shigella dysenteriae.
Method: The Acanthus Illinois was fraction using n-Hexane, identification of secondary metabolite compound using GC-MS, and evaluation of antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Shigella dysenteriae under paper disc methods. This study was designed using a fully randomized design (CRD) with concentrations of fractions 1%, 2%, and 4%. The GC-MS results were compared to the WILEY 9 library and analysed. A prism graph was used to measure the inhibition zone of antibacterial activity.
Result: The n-hexane fraction yield is 3.3% and contains sesquiterpene compounds (trans (beta.)-caryophyllene, alpha humulene, naphthalene decahedron-4A-methyl), terpenoid alcohol (3,7,11,15-tetramethyl -2-hexadecane-1-ol), and fatty acids (hexadecanoic acid methyl ester. Acanthus Illinois n-hexane fraction has antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Shigella dysenteriae in a dose-dependent manner.
Conclusion: The n-hexane fraction of leaves Acanthus ilicifolius contains sesquiterpene, alcohol terpenoids, and fatty, and has antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Shigella dysenteriae
Contesting Legal Borderlands: Policing Insubordinate Spaces in Imperial County’s Farm Worker Communities, 1933–1940
Authors: Ruiz Stevie 
Published: February 2022

In this article, I analyze the ways in which Mexican farm worker activists inhabited spaces that placed them in a state of legal ambiguity. Indeed, landowners possessed legal authority to punish labor protesters who organized in public space. At the same time, farm workers’ privacy rights were undermined by the tactics that police used to spy on organizing activities. Historians covering this time period have focused on the punitive measures used to silence farm workers. One blind spot in the historiography about farm worker social movements are the quasi-publics that activists created in order to challenge corporate spatial relations in Southern California’s Imperial County. To rely on binaries that neatly package private and public spheres hides the transgressive actions taken by protesters to blur corporate boundaries.
A comparative analysis of occupational stress coping strategies in education specialists’
Authors: Alifanovienė Daiva , Gerulaitis Darius , Kepalaitė Albina , Šapelytė Odeta , Vaitkevičienė Asta 
Published: February 2022

The article deals with the occupational stress strategies of education support specialists. Teachers are expected not only to work with students in the classroom but also to perform their duties as an administrator, to rally various resources for meeting the needs of the students and their parents as well as other community members; also to be an innovator, advisor and mediator etc., which creates a high level of (occupational) stress. The main objective of the article is to identify how education specialists’ develop stress coping strategies and to attempt to answer the following problem questions: What is the focus of Lithuanian education specialists’ in stress coping support strategies? What are the links between the stress coping strategies used and socio-demographic characteristics? A quantitative research design was conducted to identify the stress coping strategies used by the specialists working in the education system. (N= 478). Occupational stress experienced by education specialists becomes a serious test not only to the physical and mental health of the professional and his / her family, the potential loss of working capacity and also to the quality of work of the educational institution and the internal culture of the organisation.
Macroparticle Movement Velocity in Dusty Structures of Various Compositions
Authors: Khakhaev A.D. , Piskunov A.A. , Podryadchikov S.F. 
Published: February 2022

The results of experimental investigations of the movement velocity of a macroparticle in the dusty structures of various physical-chemical compositions formed in a stratified column of a dc glow discharge, are presented. The macroparticle substances are alumina (r = 10–35 μm), polydisperse Zn (r = 1–20 μm) and Zn' (r = 20–35 μm). Plasma-forming gases are inert gases (Ne, Ar). The inverse relation between the velocity and the gas pressure (in the range 40–400 Pa) is found and, for the same material of macroparticles in different gas plasmas, is confirmed by theory and does not contradict observations. But, to explain a difference of quantitative data for macroparticles made from different materials in Ar plasma, the additional research is required.
Glutamine solution in the parenteral nutrition for children with critical conditions
Authors: Erpuleva Yulia V. 
Published: February 2022

Nutritional support for children with critical conditions is currently considered as the most important factor in the complex of therapy, which can prevent catabolism and risk of postoperative complications. Underestimation of the nutritional factor can lead to poor outcomes, such as a decrease in immunological resistance and the occurrence of postoperative complications.
Acute trauma in critically ill patients is characterized by metabolic and systemic responses, including an immune-inflammatory response that leads to immunosuppression and nosocomial infections. Parenteral nutrition is prescribed for patients in the intensive care unit who cannot be fed naturally to provide protein and energy substrates because of impaired homeostasis. The active use of arginine, glutamine, and omega-3 fatty acids is mainly indicated for patients with injuries and burns. Moreover, the discussion about the use of immune nutrition (arginine, glutamine, and omega-3 fatty acids) continues given the need for active use in intensive care. The article provides a review of the literature on the use of glutamine solution in parenteral nutrition for children. The article discusses modern approaches to prescribing parenteral nutrition with the additional use of glutamine solution, which has beneficial effects on the childs body increases the absorption function of the intestine, increases the thickness of the intestinal mucosa, helps maintain the morphological integrity of the intestine, and reduces intestinal permeability. Recent meta-analyses have shown the effect of glutamine-rich diets especially in patients with critical conditions. The addition of glutamine improves cellular processes and functioning of organs and systems. This leads to an improvement in immune competence, barrier function, and cessation of the inflammatory process. It is also a substrate for the formation of nitrite oxide and improves the formation of adenosine triphosphate in cells. Glutamine is an energy substrate for proliferative cells, including lymphocytes. In general, glutamine has a positive effect on many organs and systems, including the gastrointestinal systems, kidneys, lungs, heart, and liver. Immune nutrition has an anti-inflammatory effect, which helps prevent the development of acute phase response. In addition, it restores the indicators of protein metabolism in the early stages of parenteral nutrition. Therefore, the use of glutamine solution in total or complementary parenteral nutrition programs can optimize the quality of treatment for children.
An Appraisal of Ground Failure and Hydrogeological Changes Associated with the 28 April 2021 Mw 6 Sonitpur Earthquake, Assam, India, Using Field Evidences and InSAR Measurements
Authors: Bhadran Arun , Sreejith K. M. , Girishbai Drishya , Duarah Bhagawat Pran , Agrawal Ritesh , Gopinath Girish 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Widespread damage and coseismic ground disturbances are generally associated with large magnitude and/or shallow focus earthquakes. Surprisingly, a deep focus (34 km), moderate magnitude earthquake (Mw 6) occurred near the Kopili fault zone in Sonitpur district, Assam, India, on 28 April 2021 and created intense ground shaking and extensive damage along the Brahmaputra Valley. We undertook a field survey within a day after the earthquake and carried out Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) analysis to map any coseismic ground deformation features. Our field survey revealed extensive liquefaction features and several coseismic secondary ground cracks along the alluvial tracts of the Brahmaputra River system. InSAR analysis revealed a sinistral slip up to ∼60 mm along a north-northwest–south-southeast-oriented previously unmapped lineament or fault. Field investigations revealed coseismic hydrological changes including a sudden rise and fall in the water level by 0.3–0.5 m followed by the injection of sand materials up to a thickness of 1.25 m in dug wells and the appearance of water in seasonally dried river channels and ponds. Interferometric coherence analysis during pre-, co-, and postseismic periods further confirmed the coseismic surge in water at five major tributary rivers of the Brahmaputra River. We speculate that the pressure difference at the shallow unconfined aquifer system of the mountain-front alluvial fan induced by coseismic stresses must have caused channeling of groundwater to the rivers and the contemporaneous water level fluctuations in wells. Amplification of seismic waves at the thick, unconsolidated sedimentary strata of the Brahmaputra Valley could have enhanced the extensive damage due to the 2021 Sonitpur earthquake. The present study has implications in estimating damage potential along the Brahmaputra Valley for future earthquakes.