bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbon Stock And Spatial Dynamics In Natural Forests Of Awi Zone, Amhara Region, Northwestern Ethiopia: Implication For Climate Change Mitigation And Adaptation
Authors: Kassaye Melkamu , Derebe Yonas , Kibrie Wondwosson , Debebe Fekadu , Gedamu Bahiru 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: As a mitigation measure of climate change, the natural forest plays a key role in controlling the carbon cycle and ecosystem stability through sequestrating the carbon dioxide. However, there have been limited scientific investigation and communication of the potential carbon stock potential of natural forest resources with the global community. Therefore, inventory and estimation of stocks and fluxes of carbon from natural vegetation under different forest communities and different environmental patterns should be done and communicated to the global community for conservation and to get appropriate credit. To do this, 9 forest communities in different agroecology were selected areas of Awi Zone, Northwest Ethiopia. To this end, 76 quadrates with 20meter*20meter quadrate size 200meter distance within quadrates and transect lines Diameter, height, and environmental gradient data were collected and analyzed with R Ver.3.1, XLSTAT, and SPSS Ver.25. Result: There was a significant difference (p < 0.029) of above and belowground biomass, carbon stock, carbon dioxide sequestration potential, and soil organic carbon across forests communities, slope, altitude, aspect, and agro-ecologies. ‘Saharakani’ forest has the highest carbon stock as the overall pool. Highland forest communities had a better overall carbon pool. In terms of slop gradient, low slope gradient has recorded the highest allover carbon pool followed by a steep slope and lower slope. In altitude gradient all over carbon, the pool has in decreasing order with increasing of altitude. South facing had the highest carbon stock as overall pools followed by east-facing and west-facing and the least is north facing. Lowland forests had better Soil organic carbon followed by highland and mid-altitude forests. Carbon stock as an overall pool is especially dynamics within environmental patterns. Conclusion: There is a huge amount of carbon stock in the natural forest in the study area which has a great potential in carbon dioxide sequestration which mitigates the crisis of climate change. However, appropriate credit was not given yet for this natural forest and the resources are continuously declining. Thus, first of all, urgent conservation is required, and then further plan-based sustainable conservation should work should be done for successfully ecologically climate change mitigation.
Phase separation modulates the assembly and dynamics of a polarity related scaffold-signaling hub
Authors: TAN Wei , Cheng Sihua , Li Yingying , Lu Ning , Sun Jingxian , Tang Guiyue , Yang Yujiao , Cai Kezhu , li xuefei , Ou Xijun , Gao Xiang , Zhao Guo-Ping , Childers William , Zhao Wei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Asymmetric cell division (ACD) produces morphologically and behaviorally distinct cells and is the primary way to generate cell diversity. In the model bacterium Caulobacter crescentus, the polarization of distinct scaffold-signaling hubs at the swarmer and staked cell poles constitutes the basis of ACD. However, mechanisms involved in the formation of these hubs remain elusive. Here, we show that a swarmer-cell-pole scaffold, PodJ, forms biomolecular condensates both in vitro and in living cells via phase separation. The intrinsically disordered and coiled-coil 4-6 regions of PodJ mediate biomolecular condensate generation and its signaling protein recruitment. Moreover, a negative regulation of PodJ phase separation by the staked-cell-pole scaffold protein SpmX is revealed and SpmX disturbs PodJ subcellular accumulation and affects its recruitment ability. Together, by modulating the assembly and dynamics of scaffold-signaling hubs, phase separation may serves as a general biophysical mechanism that underlies the regulation of ACD in bacteria and other organisms.
Which Organism is More Suitable As A Toxic Metal Accumulation Bioindicator – Fishes Or Diatoms: A Case Study Of An A Class Wetland In Northwest Türkiye Under Effect Of An Intensive Paddy Cultivation Stress?
Authors: Tokatlı Cem 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this research, “diatoms” as the first step and “fishes” as the last step of the food chain were compared as the toxic metal accumulation bioindicator in an A Class wetland in Turkey. Toxicant bioaccumulations were determined in liver, gill and muscle tissues of 2 commercially consumed fish species "Carassius gibelio" and "Cyyprinus carpio" and in frustules of epiphytic diatom communities living on submerged macrophytes. Samples were collected from the Gala Lake, which is among the best stopover habitats of birds migrating between Europe and Africa, seasonally considering the paddy harvest period, which is a major stress factor for the ecosystem. Also potential human health risks associated with the consumption of fishes and consumption – dermal contact of diatoms were evaluated both for summer – before paddy harvest (BPH) and autumn – after paddy harvest (APH) periods. As a result of this research, the investigated toxic metal bioaccumulation levels were increased significantly in diatoms in the APH period, while less significant exchanges were recorded in fish tissues, in general. The data showed that the diatoms are much more sensitive to changes in the environmental conditions than fishes and they are more effective biological tools as toxic metal accumulation bioindicators than fishes.
Relationship pain management and women´s satisfaction during labour. A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Báez-Suárez Aníbal , Martín-Castillo Estela , García-Andújar Josué , García-Hernández José Ángel , Quintana-Montesdeoca María P. , Loro-Ferrer Juan Francisco 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: The factors related to the satisfaction of women during labour vary widely. Pain relief is one of the fundamental weaknesses, so it could influence the rating of the rest of the satisfaction items. The use of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS), like a non-pharmacologic pain relief approach, is a safe and effective technique used during childbirth. Measure for Testing Satisfaction (COMFORTS) scale is a specific questionnaire that includes the most important factors associated with the relation between mother satisfaction and the childbirth experienceAim: to analyse factors influencing satisfaction in pregnant women during labour and its relationship with pain management. Design: A randomized and double-blind controlled trial was conducted. All participants completed the satisfaction scale immediately after childbirth. Methods: A total of 63 participants were randomly assigned to one Transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) device to relieve the pain, with different dose in each patients group. This was measured with two scales; the satisfaction level was measured with the COMFORTS scale and pain was measured with the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Results: the total satisfaction scale mean score was 171.03 (SD 19.69) with an individual item mean of 4.28. Women who expressed a low level of satisfaction had experienced severe pain. A lower degree of satisfaction was observed in women with severe pain (3.03 ± 1.1) than in women with moderate pain (4.53 ± 0.7). Women who have had more than one delivery presented the highest level of satisfaction, followed by nulliparous and those who have had a previous pregnancy. Conclusions: Overall, high level of satisfaction during labour was obtained; we recommend the use of Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for pain relief to improve general satisfaction.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03137251.First registration: 02/05/2017Protocol: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03137251?term=baez+suarez&draw=2&rank=9
Comparison of Microleakage of Class V Composite Restorations in Primary Teeth prepared with Er,Cr:YSGG Laser and High Speed Diamond Bur associated with Three adhesive system
Authors: Pordel Edris , Sabeti Arghavan Kamali , Rezaei-Soufi Loghman , Roshanayi Gholamreza 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction
: Composite restorations have a high technical sensitivity and a high failure rate of them has been reported. The purposes of this study were to evaluate microleakage of cavity preparation in primary teeth made with an Er;Cr:YSGG and high-speed handpiece rotary, and also compare three types of bonding generations in class V composite resin restoration.
Methods
Ninety freshly extracted sound human primary posterior teeth were used in this study. The teeth were randomly divided into 6 groups with 15 teeth in each. The preparations were performed in groups 1, 2 and 3 with Er;Cr:YSGG laser, in groups 4 ,5 and 6 with a high-speed drill. Dye penetration associated with the occlusal and cervical margins of each restoration was then assessed by stereomicroscope at 40 magnifications. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests at a P < 0.05 level of significance.
Results
A higher degree of occlusal and gingival microleakage values was obtained for the group with bur preparation, compared to the group with laser preparation, and there were statistically significant differences in microleakage (P < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in microleakage of three types of bondings (P > 0.05). Overall, microleakage scores of gingival margins were significantly higher than those of occlusal margins (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
According to the results of this study, laser preparation of cavity in primary teeth by Er,Cr:YSGG, gives less microleakage of class V composite restorations compared to the conventional methods of bur preparation. There were no significant differences in microleakage of three types of bondings.
Comparative Transcriptomics Reveal Highly Conserved Regional Programs Between Porcine and Human Colonic Enteric Nervous System
Authors: Li Tao , Morselli Marco , Su Trent , Mulugeta Million , Larauche Muriel , Pellegrini Matteo , Taché Yvette , Yuan Pu-Qing 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The porcine gut is increasingly regarded as a useful translational model. The enteric nerve system (ENS) in the colon coordinates diverse functions. However, knowledge of the molecular profiling of porcine ENS and its similarity to that of human is limited. We identified the distinct transcriptional programs associated with functional characteristics between inner submucosal and myenteric ganglia (ISG, MG) in porcine proximal and distal colon (p-pC, p-dC) using bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and single-cell RNA-seq. Comparative transcriptomics of MG in corresponding colonic regions of porcine and human revealed highly conserved programs existing in p-pC and p-dC, which explained >90% of their transcriptomic responses to vagal nerve stimulation (VNS), suggesting that p-pC and p-dC could serve as predictors in translational studies. The conserved programs specific for inflammatory modulation were displayed in porcine with VNS. This study provides a valuable transcriptomic resource for understanding of human colonic functions and neuromodulation using porcine model.
Prioritizing the Selection of CMIP6 Model Ensemble Members for DownscalingProjections of CONUS Temperature and Precipitation
Authors: Longmate Julia M. , Risser Mark D. , Feldman Daniel R. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Given the mismatch between the large volume of data archived for the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) and limited personnel and computational resources, only a small fraction of the CMIP6 archive can be downscaled. In this work, we develop an approach to robustly sample projected hydroclimate states in CMIP6 for downscaling to test whether the selection of a single initial condition (IC) ensemble member from each CMIP6 model is sufficient to span the range of models over the conterminous United States (CONUS) and CONUS sub-regions. We calculate the pattern-centered root mean square difference of IC ensemble members relative to multi-model ensemble averages for shared socioeconomic pathway (SSP) projections over 30-year time periods and compare the ratio of inter-model to intra-model variability for this metric. Regardless of SSP, inter-model variability is much greater than intra-model variability at both the scales of the CONUS as a whole and CONUS sub-regions, indicating that selecting a single IC ensemble member per model is sufficient to sample the range of projected hydroclimate states in the 21st Century. Regionally-resolved Taylor diagrams identify where more IC ensemble member downscaling efforts should be focused. Our results suggest that, with parsimonious sampling, the cost of downscaling temperature and precipitation fields over the CONUS for CMIP6 may have increased only marginally over previous CMIP activities in spite of greatly increased data volumes.
Detection and description of a novel Psychrobacter glacincola infection in some Red Sea marine fishes, Hurghada, Egypt
Authors: El-Sayed Mohamed Raafat , Emam Arafah M. , Osman Ahmed Elsayed , El-Galil Mohamed Abd El-Aziz Abd , Sayed Haitham Helmy 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Aquaculture is an important food-producing sector in Egypt, but several pathogenic microorganisms lead to high mortalities and significate economic losses, challenge this sector. The present study investigated the occurrence of Psychrobacter glacincola infection among 180 wild Snubnose emperor (Lethrinus borbonicus), Blackspot snapper (Lutjanus ehrenbergii), Marbled spinefoot (Siganus rivulatus), Haffara seabream (Rhabdosargus haffara), Blue-barred parrotfish (Scarus ghobban) and Broomtail wrasse (Cheilinus lunulatus) marine fishes collected from the Red sea at Hurghada, Egypt. The prevalence rate of disease was 6.7%. The recovered isolates were then subjected to bacteriological, biochemical, and molecular identification. The study also investigated pathogenicity and the antibiogram profile of the recovered isolates. Results: The clinical examination of the infected fish revealed various signs that included lethargy and sluggish movement, hemorrhages and ulcers on the body and the operculum, scale loss, fin congestion and rot, especially at the tail fin. In addition to, congestion of the liver, spleen, and kidney was observed during postmortem examination. Interestingly, 12 isolates were recovered and were homogenous bacteriologically and biochemically. Alongside the biochemical and bacteriological tests, the phylogenetic analysis based on 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene fragment confirmed that the MRB62 identified strain was closely related to members of the genus Psychrobacter and identified as P. glacincola. Furthermore, the recovered Ps. glacincola (MRB62) strain was pathogenic to Rhabdosargus haffara fish, causing 23.3% mortality combined with reporting a series of clinical signs similar to that found in naturally infected fishes. In addition, the recovered strain was sensitive to amikacin, streptomycin, ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, chloramphenicol, tobramycin, and ofloxacin. Conclusions: Our findings add to the body of knowledge about the occurrence of pathogenic P. glacincola infection in Egyptian marine fishes and its potential effects on fish. The study also suggests future large-scale surveys for exploring this bacterium among other freshwater and marine fishes in Egypt that would be helpful for the implementation of effective strategies for prevention and control of this infection.
Common anti-cancer therapies induce somatic mutations in stem cells of healthy tissue
Authors: Kuijk Ewart , Kranenburg Onno , Cuppen Edwin , Hoeck Arne van 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Comprehensive analyses of genome-wide mutation profiles has revealed that specific anti-cancer drugs, such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), are highly mutagenic to cancer cells and cultured cells. The systemic administration of these chemotherapies presents a potential genotoxic hazard to healthy tissues, however, the true mutational impact on normal cells of patients is not known. Here, we examined genome-wide somatic mutation patterns in healthy adult stem cells (ASCs) of the colon or the liver from 14 colorectal cancer patients that received first-line systemic chemotherapy and/or local radiotherapy. The platinum-based chemo-drug Oxaliplatin induced 500-1000 mutations in each colon ASC of all treated patients. The effects of 5-FU treatment were more variable between cells and patients, ranging from a complete absence of 5-FU mutagenesis to the accumulation of up to 500 mutations in individual colon ASCs. In contrast with the colon, normal ASCs from the liver escaped platinum and 5-FU mutagenesis after systemic treatment. Local radiation therapy resulted in the accumulation of 50-100 deletions between 5bp to 10kbp and structural rearrangements in colon ASCs. Thus, while 5-FU and platinum drugs are highly effective at killing cancer cells, their systemic use does also lead to a concomitant increase of the mutational burden in long-lived normal stem cells responsible for tissue renewal and thus pose a potential source for developing second cancers.
Habitat Quality Assessment, Optimization of Habitat Structure through Ecological Network Analysis and Graph Theory and Estimating Spatiotemprol Changes
Authors: Salehi Esmail , Sadat Mahdis , Amiri Mohammad Javad , Ehsani Amir Houshang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Context. Recently, the land use changes in Northern provinces of Iran have led to great damages to ecological systems and services provided by these areas. These changes effect on interconnectedness of green patches and habitats which enables animal movement and gene transfer.Objectives. This study aimed to provide a model for planning to increase habitat quality and to improve the structure and function and conservation of biodiversity by applying the principles of landscape ecology, graph theory, and ecological network. Methods. This study was performed on Phasianus colchicus in the part of north of Iran, where is the main habitat of this species. For this purpose, after extracting the ecological network of the highest quality habitats and the most important cores, corridors were determined to increase their function and structure. Finally, the habitats changes and corridors were anticipated in the future.Results. The results show that the foothill regions of studied where link Hyrcanian forests, farmlands, and tea farmlands are among the highest priorities for pheasant habitat in this region. However, the small number of bridges as corridors connecting habitats in this ecological network, the large number of main components and the extremely high percentage of isolated patches indicates the high disintegration of these habitats and therefore the poor condition of the habitat of this species.Conclusions. The methodology of this study can be used in different scale to identify potential corridors and manage them by taking long-term view and considering the continuation of the past trend.
Simulations of rate of genetic gain in dry bean breeding programs
Authors: Lin Jennifer , Arief Vivi , Jahufer Zulfi , Osorno Juan , McClean Phil , Jarquin Diego , Hoyos-Villegas Valerio 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are a nutrient dense legume that is consumed by developed and developing nations around the world. The progress to improve this crop has been quite steady. However, with the continued rise in global populations, there are demands to expedite genetic gains. Plant breeders have been at the forefront at increasing yields in the common bean. As breeding programs are both time consuming and resource intensive, resource allocation must be carefully considered. To assist plant breeders, computer simulations can provide useful information that may then be applied to the real world. This study evaluated multiple breeding scenarios in the common bean and involved five breeding strategies, three breeding frameworks, and four different parental population sizes. In addition, the breeding scenarios were implemented in three different traits: days to flowering, white mold tolerance, and seed yield. Results from the study reflect the complexity of breeding programs, with the optimal breeding scenario varying based on trait being selected. Relative genetic gains per cycle of up to 8.69% for seed yield could be obtained under the use of the optimal breeding scenario. Principal component analyses revealed similarity between strategies, where single seed descent and the modified pedigree method would often aggregate. As well, clusters in the direction of the Hamming distance eigenvector are a good indicator of poor performance in a strategy.
An Angioimmunoblastic T-cell Lymphoma Patient Presented as Persistent Hypereosinophilia With a Novel RHOA Mutation Encoding p. Ala161Glu
Authors: Cao Lihong , Tong Hongyan , Liu Xing , Xu Yingqing , Wang Zhaoming , Yu Fang , Pan Qi , Lai Jin , Zheng Wenjun , Fan Cuihua , Fu Gongli , Wu Hao , Huang Jian , Yu Wenjuan , Jin Jie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma (AITL) is a unique subtype of peripheral T cell lymphoma (PTCL). Studies have shown that RHOA p. Gly17Val mutations contribute to the specific pathogenesis of AITL. Here we reported a case of AITL with a novel RHOA mutation encoding p. Ala161Glu. This case presented with persistent hypereosinophilia for more than 3 years prior to diagnosis. At the time of diagnosis, the patient manifested with B symptoms, multiple lymphadenopathies, liver and spleen involvement. A retrospective analysis of whole exome sequencing and digital PCR of previous pathological specimens at different periods showed that RHOA p. Ala161Glu mutation and TP53 mutation occurred simultaneously. RHOA p. Ala161Glu mutation was found to be less frequent or undetectable in early gastrointestinal tract and lymph nodes. In the intestine, lymph nodes and other involved tissues, it increased with the progression of the disease. Notably, it was significantly elevated at the time of diagnosis. We presumed that the RHOA p. Ala161Glu mutation might be related to AITL pathogenesis. However, it needs further study to identify the specificity of RHOA p. Ala161Glu mutation in AITL.
Case Report: Alopecia Areata And Cannabis Use
Authors: AL-Lihabi Abeer 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease of the hair follicles that cause an unpredictable hair loss. The disease prevalence is estimated about 2% in general population though the lifetime. The disease is associated with various other concurrent disorders such as depression, thyroid diseases, and anxiety. Cannabis receptors especially (CB2Rs) are found on immune cells, including lymphocytes, macrophages, mast cells, natural killer cells, peripheral mononuclear cells, and microglia. In this Case, a 15 year-old girl had Alopecia Universalis and multiple psychiatric diagnoses. She was self-medicated for her symptoms by using Cannabis and as coincident her hair stated to grow back. In this case, I would like to grab attention for cannabis as a possible cure with eliminating its side effect