bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Specifics of teaching chinese in russian universities
Authors: Аньжань И 
Published: May 2022

Введение. Стремительное развитие разностороннего сотрудничества между Российской Федерацией и Китайской Народной Республикой актуализирует потребность в подготовке профессиональных кадров, которые полноценно владеют китайским языком на высоком уровне. В том числе актуализируется проблематика методической организации процесса преподавания китайского языка в российских вузах. В связи с этим, в данной статье рассматриваются особенности преподавания китайского языка в российских вузах. Сделан акцент на использовании инновационных педагогических технологий при обучении студентов китайскому языку в вузах России. Цель: исследование современных представлений о преподавании китайского языка в российских вузах и практического опыта образовательных учреждений в рамках учебного процесса. Материалы и методы: современные научные публикации по теме статьи, практические наработки преподавателей российских вузов в сфере обучения студентов китайскому языку на основе использования инновационных технологий. Используется метод сравнения, анализа научных публикаций, системно-логический метод. Результаты исследования, обсуждения. Систематизированы современные особенности преподавания китайского языка в российских вузах. Сделан вывод о соотношении традиционных и инновационных технологий, используемых в учебном процессе. Охарактеризованы наиболее существенные проблемы преподавания китайского языка.
The rapid development of diversified cooperation between the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China actualizes the need for the training of professional personnel who fully speak the Chinese language at a high level. In particular, the problem of the methodological organization of the process of teaching the Chinese language in Russian universities is being actualized. In this regard, this article examines the features of teaching the Chinese language in Russian universities. The emphasis is made on the use of innovative pedagogical technologies in teaching students the Chinese language in Russian universities. Purpose: to study modern ideas about teaching the Chinese language in Russian universities and the practical experience of educational institutions in the framework of the educational process. Materials and methods: modern scientific publications on the topic of the article, practical developments of teachers of Russian universities in the field of teaching students the Chinese language based on the use of innovative technologies. The method of comparison, analysis of scientific publications, system-logical method is used. Research results, discussion. The modern features of teaching the Chinese language in Russian universities are systematized. The conclusion is made about the ratio of traditional and innovative technologies used in the educational process.
Calculation of heavy liquid flows by the multidimensional nodal method of characteristics
Authors: Суров Виктор Сергеевич 
Published: May 2022

С использованием ранее предложенной автором гиперболической обобщенноравновесной модели газожидкостной смеси, которая в работе применяется в рамках многожидкостной гидродинамики для совместного расчета движения жидкости и газа с автоматической локализацией контактных поверхностей, рассчитан ряд таких модельных задач, как растекание столба жидкости под действием сил гравитации, падение водяного столба на слой жидкости, колебание жидкости в бассейне. В численных расчетах использован узловой метод характеристик, обобщенный на многомерный случай, который базируется на расщеплении исходной системы уравнений по пространственным переменным на ряд одномерных подсистем с последующим интегрированием их с помощью одномерного узлового метода характеристик.
Gravity forces are included in the hyperbolic generalized-equilibrium model of the medium. This model, which describes the flow of a single-velocity binary mixture of an ideal gas with a second incompressible fraction, is used in multi-fluid hydrodynamics to calculate the combined movement of liquid and gas with automatic localization of contact surfaces. Numerical solution of the model equations adapts a simple but effective multidimensional node method of characteristics. The method was designed to integrate hyperbolic systems and it is based on splitting the original system of equations into a number of one-dimensional subsystems. To do this a one-dimensional node method of characteristics is employed. Using the described method, a number of model problems were solved including the flow of a column of liquid under the influence of gravity, the fall of a water column on a layer of liquid as well as the free oscillation of liquid in the basin.
GANGGUAN LAJU PERNAPASAN BERDASARKAN PENGGUNAAN MASKER DAN LAMA PAPARAN PADA SISWA TEKNIK GIGI POLITEKNIK KESEHATAN TANJUNGKARANG
Authors: Murwaningsih Sri , Wahyuni Sri 
Published: May 2022

<p><strong>Latar belakang:</strong> Penggunaan akrilik dalam kegiatan praktikum teknik gigi dapat menimbulkan risiko gangguan pernapasan. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui gangguan laju pernapasan berdasarkan penggunaan masker dan lama paparan.</p><p><strong>Metode: </strong>Penelitian menggunakan rancangan potong lintang, dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Teknik Gigi Politeknik Kesehatan Tanjungkarang. Sebanyak 98 orang siswa diikutkan dalam penelitian<em>.</em> Laju pernapasan diukur menggunakan <em>spirometer</em>, dan observasi dilakukan terhadap penggunaan masker dan lama paparan. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji <em>Chi-square</em> dan <em>Odds Ratio</em> pada tingkat kepercayaan 95%.</p><p><strong>Hasil: </strong>Ditemukan sebanyak<strong> </strong>10,2% siswa mengalami gangguan laju pernapasan, dan 24,5% tidak menggunakan masker selama kegiatan praktikum. Penilaian paparan mendapatkan 62,2% siswa terpapar dalam waktu yang lama. Pada penelitian ini, hasil analisis statistik tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan antara gangguan laju pernapasan dengan penggunaan masker (p-value=0,968) dan lama paparan (p-value=0,849).</p><strong>Simpulan:</strong> Walaupun secara statistik seluruh variabel tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna, namun bukti awal telah menunjukkan adanya gangguan pernapasan pada siswa. Perlu perbaikan sistem ventilasi dengan jenis <em>local exhauster ventilation, </em>selain ketegasan dalam penggunaan masker selama kegiatan praktikum.<p> </p>
Una década de estudios de desarrollo en clave iberoamericana
Authors: Gutiérrez-Nieto Begoña , Larrú-Ramos José María , Marcuello-Servós Chaime 
Published: May 2022

La Revista Iberoamericana de Estudios de Desarrollo cumple diez años. Es momento de reconocer quién la sostiene, las características que la han llevado a avanzar en el conocimiento del Desarrollo, además de conseguir el reconocimiento internacional, y de dar gracias a las personas que la han apoyado y a quienes hoy aportan su gran valía en equipo.
Analisis Belanja Daerah pada Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Jepara
Authors: Sholikhah Agustiyana Lailatus , Priyono Nuwun 
Published: May 2022

This study aims to determine the magnitude of variance ratio analysis and regional spending compatibility ratio analysis in Jepara Regency Regional Government for the period 2017 to 2020. In addition, we also want to know the level of regional spending efficiency in Jepara Regency Regional Government. The research method used is quantitative descriptive by using the analysis of variance ratio analysis, compatibility ratio analysis, and spending efficiency ratio analysis. The results show that from 2017 to 2020 Jepara Regency Regional Government falls into the category of favorable variance performance because the realization of expenditure does not exceed the total budgeted, almost 70% of total regional expenditure is used for operating expenditure, while the proportion of capital expenditure is far from operating expenditure, and the performance of the Jepara Regency Regional Government are included in the efficient category. This shows that the Regional Government of Jepara regency has succeeded in spending efficiency. The Regional Finance and Assets Management Agency should pay more attention to the situation and conditions in the hope that the budget can be realized well.

Keywords: Regional Expenditure, Variance Ratio, Harmony Ratio, and Efficiency Ratio
Optimalisasi Strategi Kinerja UMKM Pasca Pandemi dengan Pemanfaatan Media Informasi Pencatatan Keuangan
Authors: Mahaini Muhammad Fitrah , Faadihilah M Rizky , Sapari Altia Paradila 
Published: May 2022

This study aims to determine strategies for increasing the profitability of MSMEs through the use of financial recording information media. This study uses a qualitative method, namely a case study of one of the MSMEs engaged in the food sector in Palembang City with a sample of Ojisan Korean Street Food SMEs. The implementation is divided into several stages, namely the activity planning stage in the form of observations and interviews, training, stress testing analysis to determine the strategy for the business, and finally, evaluating the design's success. The owner of MSME Ojisan Korean Street Food said that the use of Excel as a financial recording medium for his business had a positive impact. Apart from more regular administration and finances, the resulting financial data can also provide forecasts and directions for determining the right strategy for the business. That way, the targeted profit will be easier to achieve.
Keywords: SMEs, Microsoft Excel, Stress Testing, and Financial Recording
Flexural Behavior of One-Way Slabs Reinforced with Welded Wire Mesh under Vertical Loads
Authors: Ewida El-Sayed S. , Mabrouk Rasha T. S. , El-Shafey Nasser , Torkey Akram M. 
Published: May 2022

This paper aims to study the behavior of one-way concrete solid slabs reinforced with welded wire mesh to investigate the efficiency of using welded wire mesh in the construction of structural slabs as a replacement for ordinary steel bars. This research included experimental and analytical programs. Nine 700×1050 mm one-way simple specimens and six 525×1050 mm continuous one-way slabs with two equal spans were tested under point, line, and uniform static loads. The experimental program studied the use of welded mesh and the number of layers utilized. Numerical analysis was conducted using finite element modeling developed using the ABAQUS 6.13 software package. Experimental and analytical results showed good correlation: the number of layers of welded metal mesh and load type significantly affected the peak vertical load capacity of simple and continuous slabs, with slabs showing higher values with welded mesh than those of ordinary reinforcing bars. In addition, using welded metal mesh to reinforce solid slabs enhanced their cracking behavior as well as their ductility. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-04-03 Full Text: PDF
Combined education course on nutrition, hand-washing and dental care in primary schools in Yaoundé, Cameroon
Authors: Fankam Yamgai Philomina , Pouokam Guy B. , Saha Foudjo Brice U. , Mazzanti Francesca , Sando Joel T. , Samuel Chi , Kamda Silapeux Aristide G. , Fokou Elie , Frazzoli Chiara 
Published: May 2022

Background Poor nutritional habits and related hygiene and sanitation practices impair food and nutrition security, and increase the risk of foodborne diseases and related school absenteeism. While the WASH program promoted by the UNICEF boosts water, sanitation, and hygiene, only a few studies thus far encouraged healthy eating habits and safe and nutritious meals at school. This study aimed at combining education of schoolchildren on nutrition and hygiene (nutrition knowledge, attitudes, practices; food choices; nutrient sources; dental care; handwashing), and at boosting the engagement of parents and teachers in the promotion of nutrition-related behaviors conducive to health and well-being. Methods Four primary schools in different Yaoundé Urban Councils and 71 schoolchildren aged 7-12 years enrolled in the study. In this paper we report on the i) administrative and ethical clearance, ii) sensitisation and demonstration activities, iii) donation of WASH equipment, disposable materials for hand and teeth hygiene, toolkit policy, and guidebook, iv) baseline assessment by structured questionnaire, v) combined course (1 hour/week, 6 weeks), and vi) measured impact. Scores were analysed using paired z- and t-tests with SPSS 23.0 for windows. Results In the four schools, handwashing showed the best improvement. Older children benefited more from the whole course, while the improvement in younger children focused more on practices. The school that scored lowest at baseline obtained marked general improvement. Interestingly, general improvement in food choices coupled with persistent difficulty in recognising nutrient sources. Although sociocultural and socioeconomic parameters were not included in the questionnaire, these emerged as possible modifiers. Despite limited hours of direct training and limited resources invested, this short-term intervention significantly changed habits of children and the school community. Availability of hand and teeth hygiene materials facilitated and motivated the proactivity of the school community to boost good nutrition and hygiene practices sustainably. Conclusions Preventive medicine is a balance of awareness and affordability. Having this in mind, more coordinated efforts (WASH, food safety, food security) will enforce proper nutrition and hygiene of children at school in the different Cameroonian sociocultural and socioeconomic settings.
Implementasi Kebijakan SD-SMP Negeri Satu Atap: Mengapa dan Bagaimana
Authors: Lilianti Lilianti , Asrul Asrul , Adenisatrawan Adenisatrawan , Said Hasmira 
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menggambarkan implementasi kebijakan sekolah satu atap dari segi pelaksanaan di Kabupaten Konawe Selatan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan mengumpulkan data melalui wawancara, observasi dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil analisis isi dan kedalaman pelaksanaan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam implementasi kebijakan sekolah satu atap dilaksanakan sesuai dengan rencana dan secara garis besar implementasi kebijakan program dipengaruhi oleh isi kebijakan dan konteks implementasinya. Keseluruhan implementasi kebijakan dievaluasi dengan cara mengukur luaran program berdasarkan tujuan kebijakan penyelenggaraan sekolah satu atap yaitu wajib belajar 9 tahun. Luaran program dilihat melalui dampaknya terhadap masyarakat. Namun impelementasi kebijakan ini masih mengalami beberapa hambatan yakni sarana dan prasarana belum memadai, jumlah tenaga pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan belum cukup, masih terdapat sebagian masyarakat yang rendah pemahamannya terhadap pentingnya pendidikan. Meskipun demikian, sekolah berusaha mengatasi hambatan dalam pelaksanaan kebijakan diantaranya adalah melakukan sosialisasi kepada masyarakat dan memberdayakan guru-guru untuk melakukan pembelajaran lebih efektif.
Manajemen Kurikulum dan Implementasi Education For Sustainable Development Pada Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Ningrum Michelia , Hasanah Enung 
Published: May 2022

Pendidikan dan pembelajaran berkualitas yang bertujuan untuk pembangunan berkelanjutan tidak dapat diraih hanya dengan solusi teknologi, regulasi politik atau pengembangan finansial. Lebih dari itu, akademisi memerlukan kurikulum kusus yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas daya pendidikan yang mengarah pada pembangunan berkelanjutan. Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) adalah upaya mendorong masyarakat untuk secara konstruktif dan kreatif dalam menghadapi tantangan global serta menciptakan masyarakat yang tangguh dan berkelanjutan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui seperangkat kriteria kurikulum pendidikan untuk pembangunan berkelanjutan dalam kurikulum pendidikan tinggi. Penelitian ini mengungkapkan urgensi terhadap pola jalannya sistem pendidikan yang kurang memperhatikan pendidikan berkelanjutan secara intens. Penelitian ini mencari literatur untuk bukti langsung dan tidak langsung tentang pentingnya managemen kurikulum yang berbasis education for sustainable development beserta implementasinya. Penilaian kepastian ini menggunakan pendekatan garding of recommendations, assessment, development and evaluation yang nantinya akan menghasilkan rekomendasi berdasarkan hasil implikasi yang sudah ada, antara manfaat dan kerugiannya.
Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Teams Accelerated Instruction Sebagai Solusi Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Pada Materi Teorema Pythagoras
Authors: Setiawati Dewi , Yuni Yatha 
Published: May 2022

Meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika peserta didik SMP Negeri di Kabupaten Bekasi melalui penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Teams Accelerated Instruction (TAI) merupakan tujuan penelitian ini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas dalam tiga siklus. Subjek yang diteliti 40 peserta didik kelas VIII ketika mempelajari materi teorema pythagoras. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan lembar observasi, tes bentuk uraian, dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menemukan pada siklus I, rata-rata aktivitas peserta didik pada seluruh aspek yang diteliti baru mencapai 2,0, pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 2,8 dan pada siklus III menjadi 3,6 dari skor maksimal 4,0. Rata-rata hasil tes pada siklus I yang mencapai KKM baru 35%, pada siklus II meningkat 62,5%, dan pada siklus III menjadi 87,5%. Peningkatan ketuntasan belajar dari siklus I ke siklus II 27,5% dan dari siklus II ke siklus III 25%. Karena indikator keberhasilan penelitian sudah tercapai, maka penelitian dihentikan pada siklus III. Berdasarkan temuan penelitian dapat disimpulkan, upaya meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa pada materi teorema pythagoras melalui model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TAI berhasil mencapai target penelitian dengan pencapaian ketuntasan pada siklus III sebesar 87,5%.
Pendidikan Karakter Berbasis Nilai Filosofi Tongkonan Pada Era New Normal di SD Kristen Makale 1
Authors: Hakpantria Hakpantria , Shilfani Shilfani , Tulaktondok Linerda 
Published: May 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi tentang pendidikan karakter berbasis nilai filosofi Tongkonan yang berlaku di SD Kristen Makale 1 di Tana Toraja. Metode yang di gunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh bahwa (1) pelaksanaan pendidikan karakter pada era new normal dilaksanakan secara online dan tatap muka yang dibagi dalam 2 sesi. (2) Terdapat pendidikan karakter berbasis filosofi Tongkonan yaitu karakter religius, jujur, tekun, disiplin, peduli, karapasan, kerja keras, kasianggaran, kasiuluran. Pendidikan karakter dilaksanakan melalui morning devision dan ibadah rutin secara virtual. Melakukan tongkon bagi yang berduka kemudian adanya bentuk kepedulian melalui carring Piggy Bank dan Penanaman karakter khusus yang di berikan pada siswa melalui petua. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa di sekolah tersebut menerapkan pendidikan karakter yang berbasis nilai-nilai filosofi Tongkonan yang terdapat dalam kearifan lokal Toraja. Sehingga pentingnya pendidikan karakter pada era new normal di sekolah dasar yang dapat dikaitkan dengan budaya lokal.
Manifestations of the Epidemic Process of Community-Acquired Pneumonia among HIV-Infected Patients and Dependence of Incidence of Infection on the Level of Immunodeficiency and Viral Load
Authors: Sergevnin V. I. , Ovchinnikov К. V. 
Published: May 2022

Relevance. One of the most common opportunistic infections among HIV-infected people is community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).Aim. To determine the features of the epidemic process of CAP in HIV-infected patients and to study the incidence of infection depending on the level of immunodeficiency and viral load.Materials and methods. The epidemiological manifestations of the incidence of CAP among HIV-positive and HIV-negative population of Perm Region in 2014–2019 were studied. The incidence of CAP in HIV-infected patients was determined in dependence on the level of immunodeficiency (230 patients) and viral load (132 patients). Results. The incidence of CAP among HIV-infected in some years exceeds the incidence of HIV-negative residents in 3.9–9.3 times. Other manifestations of the epidemic process of CAP among HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients are similar. The risk group for CAP morbidity among HIV-positive and HIV-negative people are children in their earliest years and people over the age of 60. Urban residents and men become ill more frequently. The subannual dynamics of the epidemic process is characterized by moderate seasonality during the cold period of the year. CAP is most often recorded when CD4 + lymphocytes are less than 200 cells/μl and viral load of 10,000–100,000 copies/ml.Conclusion. HIV-infected people are at risk group of CAP morbidity. The incidence of CAP in HIV-infected people expands with an increase in immunodeficiency and viral load.
Vaccination against COVID-19 Patients with Allergic Diseases. The Position of the Allergologist-Immunologist. Literature review
Authors: Markelova E. V. , Knysh S. V. , Kostinov M. P. 
Published: May 2022

Relevance. Currently, the development of vaccines against COVID-19, their clinical trials are actively continuing, and the effectiveness of the vaccines used is being analyzed. A very important issue will be how and when to vaccinate patients with various chronic diseases, what are the relative and absolute contraindications for vaccination, how various diseases can affect the effectiveness of vaccination.Aims. To present an overview of the most significant published materials on the issue of vaccination against COVID19 patients with allergic diseases, as well as the likelihood of developing adverse events of an allergic nature in response to the introduction of the vaccine. Conclusions. An active study of vaccines, their effectiveness and safety, demonstrates to us the high reliability of these drugs and the absence of high risks of adverse events in comparison with other vaccines. Anaphylactic reactions to the introduction of COVID-19 vaccines are not more common than for any other vaccines used in international medical practice.