bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Human Immunodeficiency Virus on Postoperative Outcomes following Osteonecrosis-Indicated Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Agarwal Amil R. , Mortman Ryan J. , Gu Alex , Fuller Samuel I. , Pollard Tom G. , Campbell Joshua C. , Golladay Gregory J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOsteonecrosis (ON) of the femoral head in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients is often treated with total hip arthroplasty (THA). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect that HIV positive status and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have on postoperative complication rates and outcomes in patients with ON treated with THA. Patients who underwent primary ON-indicated THA with a minimum of 2-year follow-up were identified in a national database (PearlDiver Technologies) using Current Procedural Terminology and International Classification of Diseases codes. These patients were stratified into two cohorts: those who were HIV-positive and those who were HIV-negative (control). The HIV-positive cohort was further stratified into those with AIDS and those with asymptomatic HIV at the time of THA. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to determine associations between the three cohorts and their 90-day, and 2-year outcomes were each compared with HIV-negative patients. In this study, 1,163 patients were in the HIV-positive cohort and 34,288 were in the HIV-negative cohort. In the HIV-positive cohort, there were significantly higher 90-day rates of renal failure (odds ratio [OR] = 1.874; p < 0.001), pneumonia (OR = 1.682; p = 0.002), and sepsis (OR = 1.975; p < 0.001). The asymptomatic HIV cohort and AIDS cohort followed similar associations as the HIV cohort; however, the AIDS cohort also had significantly higher rate of blood transfusion (OR = 1.692; p = 0.012) and deep vein thrombosis (OR = 1.765; p = 0.036). HIV infection, whether symptomatic or not, and AIDS are associated with a higher risk of short-term complications after THA. Physicians must consider this risk and discuss with their patients to reduce future complications.
Avulsion of the Lateral Head of the Gastrocnemius in a Dog: Surgical Treatment and an Ex Vivo Study on Pathomechanisms
Authors: Roses Leonor , Arnott Davinia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA 6-year-old Border Collie presented with a 4-month history of progressive plantigrade stance of the right hindlimb, following a jump when chasing a ball. Avulsion of the lateral head of the gastrocnemius and tearing of the medial muscular belly were confirmed radiographically and ultrasonographically. Surgical repair of the lateral head was performed using two nylon mattress sutures placed around the fabella and through femoral condylar bone tunnels, followed by the application of a cranial half cast for 5 weeks. No complications were reported and follow-up owner's questionnaire at 18 months postoperatively revealed excellent results with the dog returning to normal activity.Avulsion of the lateral fabella was induced in a cadaveric limb and hyperflexion of the tarsus was simulated. Extreme hyperflexion of the tarsus only occurred once a subsequent tear of the medial belly of the gastrocnemius had developed, but without avulsion of the medial fabella.
Knowledge Assessment of Biomedical Waste Management of Dental Materials in Dakshina Kannada
Authors: Tatiya S Vishal , Dandekeri Shilpa 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Aims and Objective The present survey was done to assess the knowledge, awareness, and practice of undergraduate students, postgraduate students, and practitioners about disposal of common biomedical wastes and materials used in dentistry regularly.
Materials and Methods The survey (23 questions) was conducted on 162 participants categorized as undergraduates (n = 54), postgraduates (n = 54), and practitioners (n = 54) to assess their knowledge, awareness, and practice.
Results When questioned whether they were aware of disposal of waste according to color categories, 69.8% were aware of it, 2.5% were not, and 27.8% were not sure of the color-coded categories. When subjected to statistical analysis, the data were found to be statistically significant (p = 0.017). Only 58% were aware that the number of categories of biomedical waste management is divided into four categories based on new regulations. There was statistical significance between the scores of undergraduates and practitioners (p = 0.046).
Conclusion There is a gap between knowledge and implementation of segregation of waste at source; certified carrier service should make sure all the wastes are segregated from the dental practitioner's premise with an update on dental materials segregation for dental clinics and laboratories. Frequent updates of biomedical management of waste rules should be performed by the certified carrier.
Effects of age at first breeding and dietary energy levels during the rearing period of replacement gilts on reproductive performance
Authors: Moturi Joseph , Hosseindoust Abdolreza , Ha Sang Hun , Tajudeen Habeeb , Mun Jun Young , Kim Jin Soo 
Published: July 2022

Context The occurrence of second parity syndrome is a major reason for culling sows depending on the bodyweight and energy level balance during the first lactation. Equally, the nutrition of gilts during the rearing period influences the age of first oestrus, longevity and reproductive performance. Aims The experiment investigated: (1) the influence of gilt mating age (early [EL], middle [MD] and late [LT]) at the first parity on reproductive performance, and (2) the interaction between dietary energy levels (high, 3320 kcal/kg; low, 3120 kcal/kg) and mating age. Methods A total of 120 crossbred (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) gilts were allotted to six treatments according to a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement based on mating age (EL [222 days], MD [244 days] and LT [264 days]) at the first parity and dietary energy levels (high, 3320 kcal/kg; low, 3120 kcal/kg). The average weight of gilts were 141 ± 3, 153 ± 3 and 164 ± 3 for the EL, MD and LT groups, respectively. Results High-energy diets tended to increase the growth rate of gilts (P = 0.083). At insemination, bodyweight and back-fat thickness were higher (P < 0.05) in the LT group. Back-fat thickness at farrowing was lower (P < 0.05) in the EL group. The back-fat thickness loss during lactation was highest in the LT group (P < 0.05) during parity one and two. Feed intake during lactation was significantly reduced (P < 0.05) in the LT gilts in parity one. Insemination age and dietary energy levels had no significant effects on, litter size, litter weight and weaning to oestrus interval. A higher blood insulin-like growth factor (P < 0.05) was observed in the EL gilts during the first service and weaning. Conclusion Based on these findings, early inseminated gilts had a lower bodyweight loss during lactation without affecting litter size or growth, which in the long term may positively impact culling age. Implication This information may guide swine farmers on the most appropriate age to breed gilts at first service for increased reproductive life. The provision of high-energy feeds did not translate into any meaningful interaction towards improving reproductive performance in gilts.
Recovery of nitrogen fertiliser by drill-sown rice crops using best management practice: a
Authors: Rose Terry J. , Kearney Lee J. , Dunn Brian W. , Dunn Tina S. 
Published: July 2022

Context Optimising nitrogen (N) management strategies for drill-sown rice crops is essential for minimising input costs for growers and reducing the environmental impact of rice production. Aims The study aimed to determine the recovery of fertiliser-N in drill-sown Australian rice crops, following current N fertiliser recommendations where two-thirds of the N is applied at sowing (pre-flood) and one-third at panicle initiation. Methods 15N-labelled urea was used to quantify N recovery by field-grown rice crops on a Sodosol and a Vertosol, and to determine the contributions of fertiliser-N applied pre-flood vs that applied at panicle initiation to total N fertiliser recovery on the Vertosol. Results Recovery of 15N fertiliser in grain + straw was ∼50% of applied N on both soils, with a further 20% recovered from roots and soil to a depth of 30 cm. Recovery of N fertiliser applied at panicle initiation (59%) was significantly higher than of N fertiliser applied pre-flood (43%), likely due to the presence of actively growing roots and higher plant N demand. Crops that received N fertiliser took up more native soil N than unfertilised crops on the Vertosol; hence, apparent fertiliser N recoveries were 10–15% higher than N fertiliser recovery determined using 15N-labelled urea. Conclusions The recovery of 50% of fertiliser-N in aboveground plant material indicates that N fertiliser use efficiency in drill-sown rice is similar to that of dryland cereal crops in Australia when best management practice guidelines for N fertiliser use are followed.
DNA damage reduces heterogeneity and coherence of chromatin motions
Authors: Locatelli Maëlle , Lawrimore Josh , Lin Hua , Sanaullah Sarvath , Seitz Clayton , Segall Dave , Kefer Paul , Salvador Moreno Naike , Lietz Benton , Anderson Rebecca , Holmes Julia , Yuan Chongli , Holzwarth George , Bloom Kerry S. , Liu Jing , Bonin Keith , Vidi Pierre-Alexandre 
Published: July 2022

Chromatin motions depend on and may regulate genome functions, in particular the DNA damage response. In yeast, DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) globally increase chromatin diffusion, whereas in higher eukaryotes the impact of DSBs on chromatin dynamics is more nuanced. We mapped the motions of chromatin microdomains in mammalian cells using diffractive optics and photoactivatable chromatin probes and found a high level of spatial heterogeneity. DNA damage reduces heterogeneity and imposes spatially defined shifts in motions: Distal to DNA breaks, chromatin motions are globally reduced, whereas chromatin retains higher mobility at break sites. These effects are driven by context-dependent changes in chromatin compaction. Photoactivated lattices of chromatin microdomains are ideal to quantify microscale coupling of chromatin motion. We measured correlation distances up to 2 µm in the cell nucleus, spanning chromosome territories, and speculate that this correlation distance between chromatin microdomains corresponds to the physical separation of A and B compartments identified in chromosome conformation capture experiments. After DNA damage, chromatin motions become less correlated, a phenomenon driven by phase separation at DSBs. Our data indicate tight spatial control of chromatin motions after genomic insults, which may facilitate repair at the break sites and prevent deleterious contacts of DSBs, thereby reducing the risk of genomic rearrangements.
Triceps brachii hypertrophy is substantially greater after elbow extension training performed in the overhead versus neutral arm position
Authors: Maeo Sumiaki , Wu Yuhang , Huang Meng , Sakurai Hikaru , Kusagawa Yuki , Sugiyama Takashi , Kanehisa Hiroaki , Isaka Tadao 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTThe biarticular triceps brachii long head (TBLong) is lengthened more in the overhead than neutral arm position. We compared triceps brachii hypertrophy after elbow extension training performed in the overhead vs. neutral arm position. Using a cable machine, 21 adults conducted elbow extensions (90−0°) with one arm in the overhead (Overhead‐Arm) and the other arm in the neutral (Neutral‐Arm) position at 70% one‐repetition maximum (1RM), 10 reps/set, 5 sets/session, 2 sessions/week for 12 weeks. Training load was gradually increased (+5% 1RM/session) when the preceding session was completed without repetition failure. 1RM of the assigned condition and MRI‐measured muscle volume of the TBLong, monoarticular lateral and medial heads (TBLat+Med), and whole triceps brachii (Whole‐TB) were assessed pre‐ and post‐training. Training load and 1RM increased in both arms similarly (+62−71% at post, P = 0.285), while their absolute values/weights were always lower in Overhead‐Arm (‐34−39%, P < 0.001). Changes in muscle volume in Overhead‐Arm compared to Neutral‐Arm were 1.5‐fold greater for the TBLong (+28.5% vs. +19.6%, Cohen's d = 0.61, P < 0.001), 1.4‐fold greater for the TBLat+Med (+14.6% vs. +10.5%, d = 0.39, P = 0.002), and 1.4‐fold greater for the Whole‐TB (+19.9% vs. +13.9%, d = 0.54, P < 0.001). In conclusion, triceps brachii hypertrophy was substantially greater after elbow extension training performed in the overhead versus neutral arm position, even with lower absolute loads used during the training.
Nanohybrids of oxides nanoparticles-chitosan and their antimicrobial properties
Authors: Matyjasik Wiktoria , Długosz Olga , Lis Kinga , Banach Marcin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Growing international problem with pathogens acquiring resistance to antibiotics is the reason for the search for bactericidal substances against which microorganisms cannot become resistant. The aim of this study was to synthesize inorganic–organic nanohybrids and obtain materials with antimicrobial effects. Chitosan (CS) was deposited on nanocomposite carriers such as calcium oxide with titanium dioxide (CaO-TiO2), magnesium oxide with titanium dioxide (MgO-TiO2) and copper(II) oxide with titanium dioxide (CuO-TiO2). The efficiency of the process was examined at varying concentrations of chitosan and temperature. The parameters for nanohybrids synthesis were selected based on the highest amount of nano-chitosan deposited on the nanohybrids—for each carrier, the process conditions were as follows: chitosan solution at 5 g l−1 and 20 °C. The materials were obtained using these parameters and were used for microbiological tests against E. coli ATCC 25922, S. aureus ATCC 25923 and C. albicans ATCC 10231. The growth inhibitory activity of the obtained materials was qualitatively defined. These results suggest that the synthesized nanohybrids and nanocomposites exhibit biostatic action. The material with the broadest effect was the CuO-TiO2-CS hybrid, which had biostatic properties against all tested strains at a minimal concentration of 1250 μg ml−1. Further research is required to find eco-friendly, non-toxic, and more effective antimicrobials with a broad action to prevent the acquisition of resistance.
Highly sensitive fluorescent detection of EDIL3 overexpressed exosomes for the diagnosis of triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Wei Ying-xiang , Han Jia-hao , Shen Hui-ming , Wang Ying-yan , Qi Min , Wang Ling , Li Jia 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
EDIL3 is a strong and highly accurate diagnostic marker for breast cancer, meanwhile, EDIL3 overexpressed exosomes are novel biomarkers for the early diagnosis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Here, we proposed a fluorescent detection method for EDIL3 overexpressed exosomes, which is simple and sensitive. Basically, we utilized a magnetic nanospheres (MNS) based liquid sandwich immunoassay strategy. MNS were modified with CD63 aptamers, which can immunologically bound to the CD63 protein on the surface of exosomes. Alexa Fluor 647 labeled anti-EDIL3 antibodies (Anti-EDIL3/AF647) were used as the fluorescent probes to recognize the EDIL3 on exosomes derived from a TNBC cell line (MDA-MB-231). With the target TNBC exosomes present, sandwich structures containing MNS, exosomes and fluorescent probes were formed. After magnetic purification, optical super resolution imaging of the products was conducted to check the specificity of the assay. In addition, fluorescence signals of the products were detected to quantitatively analyze the EDIL3 overexpressed exosomes. The linear range was found to be 7.78 × 101 to 7.78× 106 particles μl−1. The detection limit was approximately 10 particles μl−1. The feasibility of the method for the detection of exosomes in complex biological samples was also demonstrated. Such a simple and sensitive detection method for EDIL3 overexpressed exosomes holds a great potential in clinical diagnosis of TNBC.
Direct laser cooling of calcium monohydride molecules
Authors: Vázquez-Carson S F , Sun Q , Dai J , Mitra D , Zelevinsky T 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We demonstrate optical cycling and laser cooling of a cryogenic buffer-gas beam of calcium monohydride (CaH) molecules. We measure vibrational branching ratios for laser cooling transitions for both excited electronic states A and B. Furthermore, we measure that repeated photon scattering via the A ← X transition is achievable at a rate of

∼
1.6
×
1

0

6

photons s−1 and demonstrate interaction-time limited scattering of

∼
200

photons by repumping the largest vibrational decay channel. We also demonstrate a sub-Doppler cooling technique, namely the magnetically assisted Sisyphus effect, and use it to cool the transverse temperature of a molecular beam of CaH. Using a standing wave of light, we lower the transverse temperature from 12.2(1.2) mK to 5.7(1.1) mK. We compare these results to a model that uses optical Bloch equations and Monte Carlo simulations of the molecular beam trajectories. This work establishes a clear pathway for creating a magneto-optical trap (MOT) of CaH molecules. Such a MOT could serve as a starting point for production of ultracold hydrogen gas via dissociation of a trapped CaH cloud.
Performance comparison and analysis of dimers metasurface structures under different materials based on fano resonance
Authors: Chen Ying , Ding Zhixin , Zhou Jian , Zhang Min 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The selection of material type has great influence on the characteristics of optical metasurface. In this paper, a dimer metasurface structure is proposed, and the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method is used to study the transmission characteristics of metasurface structure of different dimer materials under the same structural parameters, and Fano resonance peak appears in the transmission spectrum. The formation mechanism of each Fano resonance is analyzed based on multipole theory, and the spectral characteristics and sensing characteristics of the metasurface structure of each material type are compared and analyzed. The results show that the proposed metasurface structure has high sensing sensitivity under the materials selection of metal/dielectric materials, but the Fano resonance spectrum performance is poor due to the ohmic loss of metal materials. Under the choice of all-dielectric material, Fano resonance has nearly 100% modulation depth, high Q factor and FOM value. This study can provide a theoretical reference for the design of metasurface and the design of optical micro-nano structures based on Fano resonance.
Spontaneous Lorentz symmetry breaking and one-loop effective action in the metric-affine bumblebee gravity
Authors: Delhom Adrià , Mariz T. , Nascimento J.R. , Olmo Gonzalo J. , Petrov A.Yu. , Porfírio Paulo J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe metric-affine bumblebee model in the presence of fermionic matter minimally coupled to the connection is studied. We show that the model admits an Einstein frame representation in which the matter sector is described by a non-minimal Dirac action without any analogy in the literature. Such non-minimal terms involve unconventional couplings between the bumblebee and the fermion field. We then rewrite the quadratic fermion action in the Einstein frame in the basis of 16 Dirac matrices in order to identify the coefficients for Lorentz/CPT violation in all orders of the non-minimal couplingξ. The exact result for the fermionic determinant in the Einstein frame, including all orders inξ, is also provided. We demonstrate that the axial contributions are at least of second order in the perturbative expansion ofξ. Furthermore, we compute the one-loop effective potential within the weak field approximation.
Ultraviolet freeze-in with a time-dependent inflaton decay
Authors: Barman Basabendu , Bernal Nicolás , Xu Yong , Zapata Óscar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIt is typically assumed that during reheating the inflaton decays with a constant decay width. However, this is not guaranteed and can have a strong impact on the dark matter (DM) genesis. In the context of the ultraviolet (UV) freeze-in mechanism, if the operators connecting the dark and visible sectors are of sufficiently high mass dimension, the bulk of the DM abundance is produced during and not after reheating. We study here the impact of a time-dependent decay width of the inflaton on the DM abundance, emphasizing the differences with respect to the cases where the decay is either instantaneous or constant. We also provide concrete examples for DM production via UV freeze-in, e.g., from 2-to-2 scatterings of standard model particles, or from inflaton scatterings or decays, elucidating how the time-dependence influences the DM yield.
In vivo neural spike detection with adaptive noise estimation
Authors: Valencia Daniel , Mercier Patrick P , Alimohammad Amir 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objective. The ability to reliably detect neural spikes from a relatively large population of neurons contaminated with noise is imperative for reliable decoding of recorded neural information. Approach. This article first analyzes the accuracy and feasibility of various potential spike detection techniques for in vivo realizations. Then an accurate and computationally-efficient spike detection module that can autonomously adapt to variations in recording channels’ statistics is presented. Main results. The accuracy of the chosen candidate spike detection technique is evaluated using both synthetic and real neural recordings. The designed detector also offers the highest decoding performance over two animal behavioral datasets among alternative detection methods. Significance. The implementation results of the designed 128-channel spike detection module in a standard 180 nm CMOS process is among the most area and power-efficient spike detection ASICs and operates within the tissue-safe constraints for brain implants, while offering adaptive noise estimation.
Micromegas sectors for the ATLAS muon upgrade, towards the installation of the New Small Wheel in 2021
Authors: Martinelli L. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The ATLAS experiment is currently upgrading the first muon station in the high-rapidity region with the construction of new detector structures, named New Small Wheels (NSW), based on large-size multi-gap resistive strip Micromegas (MM) technology and small-strip Thin Gap Chambers (sTGC). The NSW is being installed in the ATLAS underground cavern during the on-going LHC long shutdown 2 to enter operation for run 3. 128 Micromegas quadruplets, each of which provides four measurements of a particle track, are needed to build the two New Small Wheels, covering a total active area of about 1280 m2. The construction of all MM modules, carried out in France, Germany, Italy, Russia and Greece, is completed. Their mechanical integration into sectors, and the installation of on-detector services and electronics for the first NSW is also completed, along with all validation and acceptance tests. The preparation of the second NSW is well advanced. The advanced status of the project, in view of the imminent installation of the two NSW in ATLAS by the 2021 is reported. The integration workflow of Micromegas detectors into sectors is described with focus on cosmic rays results of the final validation tests.
Precision tracking micro-pattern gaseous detectors at Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics
Authors: Bobrovnikov V.S. , Fedotovich G.V. , Kaminskiy V.V. , Kudryavtsev V.N. , Maltsev T.V. , Nikolaev I.B. , Nikolenko D.M. , Rachek I.A. , Shekhtman L.I. , Shestakov Yu.V. , Sokolov A.V. , Zakharov S.A. , Zhilich V.N. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this article a short overview of current micro-pattern gaseous detectors development and applications at Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics is presented. The triple-GEM detector for the Laser Polarimeter facility and the end-cap discs for the upgrade of the CMD-3 detector are considered in more details.