bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Electronic Health Record for Cancer Research and Patient Care Through a Scoping Review of Cancer Natural Language Processing
Authors: Wang Liwei , Fu Sunyang , Wen Andrew , Ruan Xiaoyang , He Huan , Liu Sijia , Moon Sungrim , Mai Michelle , Riaz Irbaz B. , Wang Nan , Yang Ping , Xu Hua , Warner Jeremy L. , Liu Hongfang 
Published: August 2022

PURPOSEThe advancement of natural language processing (NLP) has promoted the use of detailed textual data in electronic health records (EHRs) to support cancer research and to facilitate patient care. In this review, we aim to assess EHR for cancer research and patient care by using the Minimal Common Oncology Data Elements (mCODE), which is a community-driven effort to define a minimal set of data elements for cancer research and practice. Specifically, we aim to assess the alignment of NLP-extracted data elements with mCODE and review existing NLP methodologies for extracting said data elements.METHODSPublished literature studies were searched to retrieve cancer-related NLP articles that were written in English and published between January 2010 and September 2020 from main literature databases. After the retrieval, articles with EHRs as the data source were manually identified. A charting form was developed for relevant study analysis and used to categorize data including four main topics: metadata, EHR data and targeted cancer types, NLP methodology, and oncology data elements and standards.RESULTSA total of 123 publications were selected finally and included in our analysis. We found that cancer research and patient care require some data elements beyond mCODE as expected. Transparency and reproductivity are not sufficient in NLP methods, and inconsistency in NLP evaluation exists.CONCLUSIONWe conducted a comprehensive review of cancer NLP for research and patient care using EHRs data. Issues and barriers for wide adoption of cancer NLP were identified and discussed.
Disjointed Times in “Climate-Smart” Amazonia
Authors: Rojas David 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
What does it mean to resort to neoliberal environmental approaches to heal the socio-ecological devastation wrought by fascistic forces? In Brazil extremist right-wing efforts to impose sovereign state rule over Amazonia have resulted in rampant deforestation, violence against forest peoples, and a catastrophic COVID-19 pandemic. Some environmentalists suggest that escaping such devastation means returning to previous neoliberal policies such as “climate-smart agriculture” (CSA) that were promoted as a way to open a future of endless economic expansion and forest preservation. Rejecting the choice between fascistic and neoliberal environmental approaches, this article examines the future-oriented work of Amazonian environmentalists who grapple with “disjointed times” in which economic and ecological trends resist harmonization. Attentive to multispecies and multi-temporal dynamics, they suggest ways to avoid a temporal trap wherein the catastrophic failure of anthropocentric future-making projects always calls for yet another anthropocentric future-making project.
Forest Forms and Ethical Life
Authors: Kohn Eduardo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
What kind of guidance can the world Eduardo Kohn calls “forest” provide for living well on Earth in times of planetary anthropogenic ecological fragmentation? How, that is, can humans learn to ecologize their ethics? Reflecting on his ongoing ethnographic research in and around Indigenous communities of Ecuador’s Upper Amazon, Kohn uses what he learned to help find a path that can orient humans in their attempts to live well in relation to the many kinds of others that make and hold them. Ecologizing ethics, this article argues, turns on understanding the living world as a “thinking forest,” one that is mind manifesting or psychedelic in nature and as such requires a mode of attention that is itself psychedelic. Ethical guidance comes from finding ways to appreciate the “shape” of the larger mind of which people are a part, and in this way, to find direction from that form as it becomes manifest to them. This article discusses, thus, the ways in which an ecologized ethics is linked to the aesthetic ground from which it emerges.
Protein storage and reproduction increase in grasshoppers on a diet matched to the amino acids of egg yolk protein
Authors: Hatle John D. , Maslikova Victoriya , Short Clancy A. , Bracey Donald , Darmanjian Margaret , Morningstar Sarah , Reams Brooke , Mashanov Vladimir S. , Jahan-Mihan Alireza , Hahn Daniel A. 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
The diets of animals are essential to support development, and protein is key. Accumulation of stored nutrients can support developmental events such as molting and initiation of reproduction. Agricultural studies have addressed how dietary protein quality affects growth, but few studies have addressed the effects of dietary protein quality on developmental transitions. Studies on how dietary quality may affect protein storage and development are possible in arthropods, which store proteins in the hemolymph. We hypothesized that diets with a composition of amino acids that matches the precursor of egg yolk protein (vitellogenin, Vg) will be high quality and support both egg production and accumulation of storage proteins. Grasshoppers were fed one of two isonitrogenous solutions of amino acids daily: Vg-balanced (matched to Vg) or Unbalanced (same total moles of amino acids, but not matched to egg yolk). We measured reproduction and storage protein levels in serial hemolymph samples from individuals. The Vg-balanced group had greater reproduction and greater cumulative levels of storage proteins than did the Unbalanced group. This occurred even though amino acids fed to the Vg-balanced group were not a better match to storage protein than were the amino acids fed to the Unbalanced group. Further, oviposition timing was best explained by a combination of diet, age at the maximum level of storage protein hexamerin-270 and accumulation of hexamerin-90. Our study tightens the link between storage proteins and commitment to reproduction, and shows that dietary protein quality is vital for protein storage and reproduction.
Polyiodide Production Triggered by Acidic Phase of Aqueous Solution Confined in Carbon Nanospace
Authors: Ohkubo Takahiro , Hirano Yuri , Nakayasu Hiroki , Kuroda Yasushige 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Polyiodide species were synthesized by the acceleration of an acidic environment in the nanospace of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) with light irradiation. Raman and EXAFS results strongly support the production of polyiodide species after the adsorption of CsI on SWCNT from aqueous solution. Interestingly, the reaction was initiated by the nano-confined acidic phase formed in a basic environment. The acidic phase plays an essential role as an oxidant for the production of the diiodine that is a source of polyiodide.
Another landmark achievement by Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences and the future challenges
Authors: Jawaid Shaukat Ali , Jawaid Masood 
Published: August 2022

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.7.6880
How to cite this:Jawaid SA, Jawaid M. Another landmark achievement by Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences and the future challenges. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(7):1727-1729. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.7.6880
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
MEDIA CULTURE AND A MAN IN CYBERSPACE: THE ROLE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PROCESS OF TRANSFORMATION OF PERSONALITY AND CULTURE
Authors: Burda E. , Solgi Tahereh 
Published: August 2022

The article examines the impact of the transition to the digital space on people and media culture.
The introduction gives a brief description of the modern world in the era of globalism and digital transformation. The aim of the work is to analyze media culture and cyberspace, to trace the communicative aspect of the influence of virtual reality on personality. To do this, an analysis of scientific papers on this issue has been carried out, and trends based on the processes taking place in society are being investigated. The issues of the "digital divide" between countries, the "culture of cancellation", the problems of falsification of information on the Internet, including in the media, are highlighted.
The authors propose to rely on cultural heritage, including media, as a factor preventing the unification of personality in the new reality.
A Reexamination of the Impact of Decision Conflict on Choice Deferral
Authors: Evangelidis Ioannis , Levav Jonathan , Simonson Itamar 
Published: August 2022

In this research we reexamine and update prior research on the association between decision conflict and choice deferral. Decision conflict has featured prominently in psychology literature, going back to the seminal work of Lewin (1933) , Miller (1944) , and Janis and Mann (1977) . Building on this earlier work and the assumption of conflict as an inhibitor of choice, Tversky and Shafir (1992 ; see also Dhar 1997 ) argued that the tendency to defer a decision can increase when decision makers experience conflict because of the need to make trade-offs between options in a set. Tversky and Shafir (1992) showed that decision makers may defer choice more when faced with two options presenting trade-offs compared with when they are offered either a single option (see also Dhar 1997 ) or two options where one alternative dominates the other. Relatedly, Luce (1998) showed that decision makers may be more likely to defer choice when faced with multiple options presenting relatively difficult (versus easy) trade-offs. We reexamine published data and report the results of 40 well-powered direct and conceptual replications of these effects (total n = 26,703) that cast doubt on the replicability of prior research. Our data suggest that additional research is needed in order to reveal a robust association between experimental manipulations of decision conflict and choice deferral. We conclude our investigation by delineating a set of directions for future research on this topic. This paper was accepted by Yuval Rottenstreich, behavioral economics and decision analysis. Supplemental Material: The data and e-companion are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4484 .
The Value of Transitioning from the Lap Shear to an Internal Bond for Testing Plywood*
Authors: Breyer Robert , Cannon Melissa , Jennings Jessica , Ashley Steve 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The lap shear test has been the standard for bond strength testing in plywood for years. Its goal is to predict the long-term durability of the plywood panels. This test has also been used for root cause analysis by mill quality management teams to identify issues. There are several problems with the test, two significant problems being, (1) the only bond tested is the one that is next to the veneer tested, and (2) the test is highly subjective to the accuracy of the kerfing. This paper will address the first problem, which is the larger issue. During the long-term exposure of the panel, the bond lines most likely to fail are the exposed surface or, more likely, the weakest bond. The lap shear test does not test all the bonds simultaneously, so there is no way to ensure the weakest bond is tested on each sample. The data included in this article clearly showed that there was a difference between the bond lines that would be missed in the standard lap shear test. Lastly, the main bonds tested are in the center of the panel; therefore, the result would be biased and may not be an accurate representation of how the panel would perform in the field. These deficiencies are remedied by shifting to the standard internal bond testing common in other wood products.
High-order harmonic generation in an x-ray range from laser-induced multivalent ions of noble gas
Authors: Gao Jixing , Wu Jiaqi , Lou Zhiyuan , Yang Fan , Qian Junyu , Peng Yujie , Leng Yuxin , Zheng Yinghui , Zeng Zhinan , Li Ruxin 
Published: August 2022

Tabletop coherent x-ray sources extending to multi-keV or higher photon energies have versatile applications, including in 4D imaging and semiconductor detectors. However, these sources can be realized only via high-order harmonic generation (HHG) with an

∼

10

µ

m

laser interacting with neutral atoms. As shown in previous work by Popmintchev et al. [Science 350, 1225 (2015)10.1126/science.aac9755SCIEAS0036-8075], multiply ionized plasmas can efficiently produce hundred-eV harmonics with an ultraviolet laser. Here, we experimentally investigate multi-keV x-ray sources up to

∼

5.2

k
e
V

, the highest photon energy generated via HHG to date, to our knowledge, using a 1.45-µm driving laser that interacts with multivalent ions. Both the angular distribution and the ellipticity dependence of the signal are strong evidence of the HHG mechanism.
3D waveguide device for few-mode multi-core fiber optical communications
Authors: Fang Juncheng , Hu Jingbo , Zhong Yanan , Kong Aru , Ren Jianxin , Wei Shibiao , Xie Zhenwei , Lei Ting , Liu Bo , Yuan Xiaocong 
Published: August 2022

Space-division multiplexing based on few-mode multi-core fiber (FM-MCF) technology is expected to break the Shannon limit of a single-mode fiber. However, an FM-MCF is compact, and it is difficult to couple the beam to each fiber core. 3D waveguide devices have the advantages of low insertion loss and low cross talk in separating various spatial paths of multi-core fibers. Designing a 3D waveguide device for an FM-MCF requires considering not only higher-order modes transmission, but also waveguide bending. We propose and demonstrate a 3D waveguide device fabricated by femtosecond laser direct writing for various spatial path separations in an FM-MCF. The 3D waveguide device couples the LP01 and LP11a modes to the FM-MCF with an insertion loss below 3 dB and cross talk between waveguides below

−
36

dB

. To test the performance of the 3D waveguide device, we demonstrate four-channel multiplexing communication with two LP modes and two cores in a 1-km few-mode seven-core fiber. The bit error rate curves show that the different degrees of bending of the waveguides result in a difference of approximately 1 dB in the power penalty. Femtosecond laser direct writing fabrication enables 3D waveguide devices to support high-order LP modes transmission and further improves FM-MCF communication.
Spectrally tunable high-power Yb:fiber chirped-pulse amplifier
Authors: Shumakova Valentina , Pecile Vito F. , Fellinger Jakob , Leskowschek Michael , Aldia P. E. Collin , Mayer Aline S. , Perner Lukas W. , Salman Sarper , Fan Mingqi , Balla Prannay , Schilt Stéphane , Heyl Christoph M. , Hartl Ingmar , Porat Gil , Heckl Oliver H. 
Published: August 2022

Tailoring the properties of the driving laser to the need of applications often requires compromises among laser stability, high peak and average power levels, pulse duration, and spectral bandwidth. For instance, spectroscopy with optical frequency combs in the extreme/visible ultraviolet spectral region requires a high peak power of the near-IR driving laser, and therefore high average power, pulse duration of a few tens of fs, and maximal available spectral bandwidth. Contrarily, the parametric conversion efficiency is higher for pulses with a duration in the 100-fs range due to temporal walk-off and coating limitations. Here we suggest an approach to adjust the spectral characteristics of high-power chirped-pulse amplification (CPA) to the requirements of different nonlinear frequency converters while preserving the low-phase-noise (PN) properties of the system. To achieve spectral tunability, we installed a mechanical spectral shaper in a free-space section of the stretcher of an in-house-developed ytterbium-fiber-based CPA system. The CPA system delivers 100 W of average power at a repetition rate of 132.4 MHz. While gaining control over the spectral properties, we preserve the relative-intensity-noise and PN properties of the system. The high-power CPA can easily be adjusted to deliver either a spectrum ideal for mid-IR light generation (full width at half maximum of

∼
11

nm

, compressed pulse duration of 230 fs) or a spectrum ideal for highly nonlinear processes such as high-harmonic generation (

-
10

dB

level of

>
50

nm

, transform-limited pulse duration of

∼
65

fs

).
Prevalence of sarcopenia among Saudis and its association with lifestyle behaviors: Protocol for cross-sectional study
Authors: Alghannam Abdullah F. , Almasud Alaa A. , Alghnam Suliman A. , Alharbi Dalal S. , Aljubairi Mohanad S. , Altalhi Arwa S. , Jan Azad M. , Alothman Shaima A. 
Published: August 2022

Background
Sarcopenia is an age-related muscular disease manifesting as a loss of muscle function and mass–leads to detrimental consequences at both individual and community levels. Modifiable lifestyle factors (such as physical behaviors and nutritional habits) may be involved in sarcopenia etiology. European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older Population (EWGOSP2) established a cut-off point for sarcopenia diagnosis based on the European population and they recommend the use of a regional normative population. However, no sufficient data on sarcopenia prevalence is presently available in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, this project aims to define appropriate reference values from healthy Saudi young adults (Phase I) and to investigate the prevalence of sarcopenia in Saudi Arabia (Phase II) and examine selected modifiable lifestyle correlates of sarcopenia (Phase I, II).

Methods
The project will involve two phases. Phase I will include 1532 healthy Saudi young adults aged between 20–40 years. While, Phase II will include 1532 Saudi older adults aged ≥50 years. The study will measure vital signs, anthropometrics, muscle mass using bioelectrical impedance analysis and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, muscle strength using handgrip strength and maximal isometric strength, physical function using short physical performance battery, and 6-minute walk test to measure aerobic endurance. To explore the associations between lifestyle behaviors with sarcopenia indices, physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep will be evaluated subjectively using Global Physical Activity Questionnaire and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and objectively via ActivPAL accelerometers. A three-day dietary food record will also be used to evaluate dietary intake. Additionally, EuroQOL five-dimension questionnaire will be utilized to assess health-related quality of life.

Discussion
The study will have significant implications in recognizing the prevalence of sarcopenia in Saudi population, which will guide our future interventional studies aimed at early prevention and treatment of this disease.
Real sweating in a virtual stress environment: Investigation of the stress reactivity in people with primary focal hyperhidrosis
Authors: Schote Andrea B. , Dietrich Katharina , Linden Adrian E. , Dzionsko Inga , Molano Moreno Laura De Los Angeles , Winnikes Ulrike , Zimmer Patrick , Domes Gregor , Meyer Jobst 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundHyperhidrosis (excessive sweating, OMIM %114110) is a complex disorder with multifactorial causes. Emotional strains and social stress increase symptoms and lead to a vicious circle. Previously, we showed significantly higher depression scores, and normal cortisol awakening responses in patients with primary focal hyperhidrosis (PFH). Stress reactivity in response to a (virtual) Trier Social Stress Test (TSST-VR) has not been studied so far. Therefore, we measured sweat secretion, salivary cortisol and alpha amylase (sAA) concentrations, and subjective stress ratings in affected and non-affected subjects in response to a TSST-VR.MethodIn this pilot study, we conducted TSST-VRs and performed general linear models with repeated measurements for salivary cortisol and sAA levels, heart rate, axillary sweat and subjective stress ratings for two groups (diagnosed PFH (n = 11), healthy controls (n = 16)).ResultsPFH patients showed significantly heightened sweat secretion over time compared to controls (p= 0.006), with highest quantities during the TSST-VR. In both groups, sweating (p< 0.001), maximum cortisol levels (p= 0.002), feelings of stress (p< 0.001), and heart rate (p< 0.001) but not sAA (p= 0.068) increased significantly in response to the TSST-VR. However, no differences were detected in subjective ratings, cortisol concentrations and heart rate between PFH patients and controls (pall> 0.131).ConclusionPatients with diagnosed PFH showed stress-induced higher sweat secretion compared to healthy controls but did not differ in the stress reactivity with regard to endocrine or subjective markers. This pilot study is in need of replication to elucidate the role of the sympathetic nervous system as a potential pathway involved in the stress-induced emotional sweating of PFH patients.
Heterogeneity in Center Practices in Liver Transplantation for Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease in the United States
Authors: Lim Nicholas , Kwong Allison J. , Jafri Syed-Mohammed , Jesse Michelle T. , Kriss Michael , Nair Kavitha , Pillai Anjana , Shingina Alexandra , Tang Qing , Desai Archita P. 
Published: August 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) is now the leading indication for liver transplantation (LT) in the United States (US). It remains unclear how centers are managing the medical and psychosocial issues associated with these patients.

METHODS:
We conducted a web-based survey of LT centers in the United States to identify center-level details on peri-LT management of ALD and related issues.

RESULTS:
Of the 117 adult LT centers, 100 responses (85.5%) were collected, representing all Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network regions. For alcohol-associated cirrhosis, 70.0% of the centers reported no minimum sobriety requirement while 21.0% required 6 months of sobriety. LT for severe alcohol-associated hepatitis was performed at 85.0% of the centers. Monitoring protocols for pre-LT and post-LT alcohol use varied among centers.

DISCUSSION:
Our findings highlight a change in center attitudes toward LT for ALD, particularly for severe alcohol-associated hepatitis.
Charge-offs, Defaults and the Financial Accelerator
Authors: Gunn Christopher M. , Johri Alok , Letendre Marc-André 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
U.S. banks countercyclically vary the ratio of charge-offs to defaulted loans (COD) and the standard deviation of COD is roughly 15 times that of GDP. We show that canonical financial accelerator models cannot explain these facts, but introducing stochastic default costs and stochastic risk can potentially resolve the discrepancy. Estimating the augmented model and including both surprise and news shocks reveals that default cost news shocks account for most of the variance of COD. Also, in the many model specifications we work with, default cost news shocks always account for at least 20 percent of the variance of investment, while risk news shocks account for a significant portion of the variation in the credit spread, and around 10 percent of the variation in investment growth. Both news shocks also account for a material amount of the variance of hours and output growth.