bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence factors for upper respiratory tract infection in Chinese rural children: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Wu Bichen , Luo Shujuan , Xu Chang , Yang Ting , Chen Yanping 
Published: December 2022

AimThe prevalence rate of upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is high in children. Influencing factors for URTI have been reported in Chinese urban children, but those have not been explored in rural children. In China, children in the rural areas are a disadvantaged group. Therefore, this study aims to explore influencing factors for URTI in Chinese rural children.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study based on the 1991–2015 China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). In total, 5,289 children were eligible for the analysis, including 3,684 rural children and 1,605 urban children. The generalized estimating equation was used to determine the influencing factors, and results were expressed as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).ResultsThe results showed that rural children aged 7–12 and 13–17 years had lower odds of URTI than those aged 0–1 year, with OR value of 0.17 (95% CI, 0.11–0.27) and 0.12 (95% CI, 0.08–0.19), respectively. Compared with uneducated mothers, those with education level of primary school (OR: 0.59, 95% CI, 0.42–0.84), lower middle school (OR: 0.53, 95% CI, 0.38–0.73), and upper middle school and technical school (OR: 0.62, 95% CI, 0.40–0.95) were associated with the lower odds of URTI in rural children. Children, whose mothers were office workers, had 46% lower odds of URTI than those with farmer mothers (OR: 0.54, 95% CI, 0.34–0.84).ConclusionsThis study found that mother's education level, children's age, and mother's occupation were significant influencing factors for URTI, which suggested the importance to improve mother's health-related knowledge and working conditions in Chinese rural areas.
Survival and care practices of periviable births of <24 weeks’ gestation—a single center retrospective study in China, 2015–2021
Authors: Chen Chun , Xiong Xiaoyun , Zhao Jie , Wang Meiqi , Huang Zhifeng , Yang Chuanzhong 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundData from the China Neonatal Network currently shows that the survival rate of very preterm infants in China has improved in recent years. However, due to the unequal economic and medical development of each city in China, the national data do not completely represent the level of neonatal care in the metropolitan areas. Though many studies have published their short- or long-term survival, very few have described the care practices and the course of stay of these neonates in detail. Our objective was to examine the survival and clinical practices among preterm infants born at &lt;24 weeks’ gestational age (GA) in a high-income city in China, from 2015 to 2021.MethodsRetrospective study of preterm infants &lt;24 weeks GA in a level 3 neonatal intensive care unit in China, over a period of 7 years (2015–2021). Care practices in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) and short- and long-term survival were measured.ResultsA total of 32 periviable infants were included, with a median GA of 23.0 weeks and mean (SD) birth weight of 497 (94) g; 17 infants (53.1%) were female. While none of the infants born at 21 weeks of gestation survived until discharge, the survival rates were 25.0% (3 of 12) for infants born at 22 weeks and 58.8% (10 of 17) at 23 weeks. Antenatal corticosteroids were used in 56.3%, and 100% were vaginal birth. In the delivery room, surfactant was prescribed for 46.9% of the infants, and postnatal dexamethasone (≥2 courses) was prescribed to 61.5% of the infants. Logistic regression analysis showed that Apgar score at 5 minutes (OR = 2.007, 95% CI, 1.031 to 3.906, P &lt; 0.05) increased the risk of death, while the increase in gestational age (OR = 0.238, 95% CI, 0.060–0.936, P &lt; 0.05), antenatal use of steroids (OR = 0.287, 95% CI, 0.106–0.778, P &lt; 0.01), and premature rupture of membranes (OR = 0.141, 95% CI, 0.024 −0.847, P = 0.032) could decrease the risk. No or mild neurodevelopmental impairment in surviving infants was 76.9% (10 of 13).ConclusionsAlthough the survival rate of periviable infants was shown to be improved in our study, there is still much room for improvement, and active follow-up information should be conducted.
A tailored passive driver for liver MRE in pediatric patients
Authors: Lorton Orane , Toso Seema , El-Begri Talbi Hayat , Anooshiravani Mehrak , Poletti Pierre-Alexandre , Hanquinet Sylviane , Salomir Rares 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesMagnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is increasingly used in the pediatric population for diagnosis and staging of liver fibrosis. However, the MR-compatible driver and sequences are usually those used for adult patients. Our feasibility study aimed to adapt the standardized adult MRE passive driver and vibrational parameters to a pediatric population.MethodsWe designed an elliptic passive driver shaped on a torus equipped with an elastic membrane and adapted to children's morphologies. As a first step, eight children (aged 8–18 years) were enrolled in a prospective pilot study aiming to determine the threshold vibrational amplitude for MRE using a custom passive driver, based on phase aliasing assessment and the occurrence of signal void artifacts on magnitude MR images. In the second step, the practicality and the consistency of the custom driver were assessed in a further 11 pediatric patients (aged 7–18 years). In the third step, we compared our custom driver vs. the commercial driver on six adult volunteers, in terms of the reliable region of interest area within the acquired MRE slices, the shear wave maps’ quality, and measured stiffness values obtained.ResultsBased on pediatric patient data, the threshold vibrational amplitude expressed as percentage of maximum output was found to be 0.4 and 1.1 times the body weight (kg) at 40 and 60 Hz frequencies, respectively. In comparison to the commercial passive driver, the custom driver improved threefold the contact with the body surface, also enabling a more comfortable examination as self-assessed by the volunteers.ConclusionsOur custom driver was more comfortable for the volunteers and was able to generate more homogenous shear waves, yielding larger usable hepatic area, and more reliable stiffness values.
Standardised Sonneratia apetala Buch.-Ham. fruit extract inhibits human neutrophil elastase and attenuates elastase-induced lung injury in mice
Authors: Sengupta Sayantan , Abhinav Nipun , Singh Sabita , Dutta Joytri , Mabalirajan Ulaganathan , Kaliyamurthy Karthigeyan , Mukherjee Pulok Kumar , Jaisankar Parasuraman , Bandyopadhyay Arun 
Published: December 2022

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) along with asthma is a major and increasing global health problem. Smoking contributes to about 80%–90% of total COPD cases in the world. COPD leads to the narrowing of small airways and destruction of lung tissue leading to emphysema primarily caused by neutrophil elastase. Neutrophil elastase plays an important role in disease progression in COPD patients and has emerged as an important target for drug discovery. Sonneratia apetala Buch.-Ham. is a mangrove plant belonging to family Sonneratiaceae. It is widely found in the Sundarban regions of India. While the fruits of this plant have antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant and astringent activities, fruit and leaf extracts have been shown to reduce the symptoms of asthma and cough. The aim of this study is to find whether hydro alcoholic fruit extracts of S. apetala inhibit neutrophil elastase and thus prevent the progression of neutrophil elastase-driven lung emphysema. The hydroalcoholic extract, ethanol: water (90:10), of the S. apetala Buch.-Ham. fresh fruits (SAM) were used for neutrophil elastase enzyme kinetic assay and IC50 of the extract was determined. The novel HPLC method has been developed and the extract was standardized with gallic acid and ellagic acid as standards. The extract was further subjected to LC-MS2 profiling to identify key phytochemicals. The standardized SAM extract contains 53 μg/mg of gallic acid and 95 μg/mg of ellagic acid, based on the HPLC calibration curve. SAM also reversed the elastase-induced morphological change of human epithelial cells and prevented the release of ICAM-1 in vitro and an MTT assay was conducted to assess the viability. Further, 10 mg/kg SAM had reduced alveolar collapse induced by neutrophil elastase in the mice model. Thus, in this study, we reported for the first time that S. apetala fruit extract has the potential to inhibit human neutrophil elastase in vitro and in vivo.
Efficacy and safety of total glucosides of paeony in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gong Xiaohong , Li Huan , Guo Hongtao , Wu Shangwen , Lu Chaoqun , Chen Yiming , Li Songwei 
Published: December 2022

Background: Total glucosides of paeony (TGP), extracted from the Chinese medicine Paeonia lactiflora Pall., have been proven to be effective in various autoimmune diseases. We aim to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of TGP combined with different conventional therapeutic agents in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods: Eight databases were searched for randomized controlled studies of TGP for SLE. The search time was set from the establishment of the databases to March 2022. The risk of bias was assessed by the Cochrane Evaluation Manual (5.1.0), RevMan 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis, and the certainty of the evidence was assessed by the GRADE methodology.Results: A total of 23 articles were included, including 792 patients overall in the treatment group and 781 patients overall in the control group. The meta-analysis results showed that TGP combined with conventional treatments was superior to the conventional treatments in reducing the SLE disease activity and the incidence of adverse reactions (SMDTGP+GC+CTX = −1.98, 95% Cl = [−2.50, −1.46], p &lt; 0.001; SMDTGP+GC+HCQ = −0.65, 95% Cl = [−1.04, −0.26], p &lt;0.001; SMDTGP+GC+TAC = −0.94, 95% Cl = [−1.53, -0.34], p &lt; 0.05; SMDTGP+GC = −1.00, 95% Cl = [−1.64, −0.36], p &lt; 0.05; and RRTGP+GC+CTX = 0.37, 95% Cl = [0.21, 0.64], p &lt; 0.001). The results also showed that TGP helped improve other outcomes related to SLE disease activity, such as complement proteins (C3 and C4), immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM and, IgG), ESR, CRP, 24 h urine protein, and recurrence rate. In addition, TGP may also be effective in reducing the average daily dosage of glucocorticoids (GCs) and the cumulative dosage of cyclophosphamide (CTX). The certainty of the evidence was assessed as moderate to low.Conclusion: TGP is more effective and safer when used in combination with different conventional therapeutic agents. It helped reduce the disease activity of SLE and the incidence of adverse reactions. However, we should be cautious about these conclusions as the quality of the evidence is poor. Future studies should focus on improving the methodology. High-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) will be necessary to provide strong evidence for the efficacy of TGP for SLE.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, identifier CRD42021272481
Team leadership assessment after advanced life support courses comparing real teams vs. simulated teams
Authors: Nabecker Sabine , Huwendiek Sören , Roten Fredy-Michel , Theiler Lorenz , Greif Robert 
Published: December 2022

AimEffective team leadership is essential during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and is taught during international advanced life support (ALS) courses. This study compared the judgement of team leadership during summative assessments after those courses using different validated assessment tools while comparing two different summative assessment methods.MethodsAfter ALS courses, twenty videos of simulated team assessments and 20 videos of real team assessments were evaluated and compared. Simulated team assessment used an instructor miming a whole team, whereas real team assessment used course participants as a team that acted on the team leader's commands. Three examiners individually evaluated each video on four different validated team leadership assessment tools and on the original European Resuscitation Council's (ERC) scenario test assessment form which does not assess leadership. The primary outcome was the average performance summary score between all three examiners for each assessment method.ResultsThe average performance summary score for each of the four assessment tools was significantly higher for real team assessments compared to simulated team assessments (all p-values &lt; 0.01). The summary score of the ERC's scenario test assessment form was comparable between both assessment methods (p = 0.569), meaning that participants of both assessments performed equally.ConclusionTeam leadership performance is rated significantly higher in real team summative assessments after ALS courses compared to simulated team assessments by four leadership assessment tools but not by the standard ERC's scenario test assessment form. These results suggest that summative assessments in ALS courses should integrate real team assessments, and a new assessment tool including an assessment of leadership skills needs to be developed.
One more step in the study of children’s daily stress: The spillover effect as the transfer of tension in family and school environments
Authors: Infante-Cañete Lidia , Arias-Calero Lidia , Wallace-Ruiz Agustin , Sánchez-Sánchez Ana María , Muñoz-Sánchez Ángela 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionThe spillover effect is the psychological overflow due to daily stress in one context and the transfer of its consequences to another close environment. The aim is to explore the spillover effect in conflicts within the family, on the one hand, and school with peers on the other hand, as an inferred measure of daily stress according to the literature.MethodThe study consisted of a sample of 208 6-year-old students and their families. A methodology based on daily report records was used, by means of two ad hoc checklists with simultaneous measurements, for 2 consecutive weeks and 3 academic years, for both family and school contexts. A repeated measures design, together with a nonparametric statistical data analysis with Friedman’s test and contrast measures, was used.ResultsDaily stress shows significant differences in the family setting throughout the week (χ 2 = 32.44; p = 0.000) and at different times of the day (χ 2 = 29.65; p = 0.000). In the school setting, differences were found across the different days of the week (χ 2 = 36.96; p = 0.000). Spillover effect has been discovered between conflicts at home in the evening and conflicts at school. At the same time, conflicts at school are related to conflicts at home from Wednesday onward.DiscussionThe results suggest further research on daily stress through the interrelation of the different contexts, as well as the impact that moments of conflict may have on the psychological and emotional development of the child.
Targeting resources efficiently and justifiably by combining causal machine learning and theory
Authors: Gur Ali Ozden 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionEfficient allocation of limited resources relies on accurate estimates of potential incremental benefits for each candidate. These heterogeneous treatment effects (HTE) can be estimated with properly specified theory-driven models and observational data that contain all confounders. Using causal machine learning to estimate HTE from big data offers higher benefits with limited resources by identifying additional heterogeneity dimensions and fitting arbitrary functional forms and interactions, but decisions based on black-box models are not justifiable.MethodsOur solution is designed to increase resource allocation efficiency, enhance the understanding of the treatment effects, and increase the acceptance of the resulting decisions with a rationale that is in line with existing theory. The case study identifies the right individuals to incentivize for increasing their physical activity to maximize the population's health benefits due to reduced diabetes and heart disease prevalence. We leverage large-scale data from multi-wave nationally representative health surveys and theory from the published global meta-analysis results. We train causal machine learning ensembles, extract the heterogeneity dimensions of the treatment effect, sign, and monotonicity of its moderators with explainable AI, and incorporate them into the theory-driven model with our generalized linear model with the qualitative constraint (GLM_QC) method.ResultsThe results show that the proposed methodology improves the expected health benefits for diabetes by 11% and for heart disease by 9% compared to the traditional approach of using the model specification from the literature and estimating the model with large-scale data. Qualitative constraints not only prevent counter-intuitive effects but also improve achieved benefits by regularizing the model.
GAMBARAN KADAR ASAM URAT PADA PETANI DAN BURUH TANI RT. 30 RW. 07 DESA SANANREJO KECAMATAN TUREN
Authors: Shiyama Dewi Lailatus 
Published: December 2022

Salah satu faktor yang bisa mempengaruhi kadar asam urat adalah aktivitas fisik, petani di RT 30 RW 07 Desa Sananrejo Kecamatan Turen Kabupaten Malang sebagian besar masih menggunakan cara tradisional dalam melakukan pekerjaannya, artinya masih banyak menggunakan tenaga fisik dibandingkan menggunakan alat-alat modern. Penelitian ini bertujuan Mengetahui gambaran kadar asam urat pada petani RT 30 RW 07 Desa Sananrejo Kecamatan Turen Kabupaten Malang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif Observasional dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Sampel terdiri dari 30 responden, populasi sebanyak 42 petani RT. 30 RW. 07 Desa Sananrejo Kecamatan Turen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik responden berdasarkan jenis kelamin responden yang Asam Urat tidak normal sebagian besar berjenis kelamin Laki- laki sebanyak 6 orang , Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Usia responden yang Asam Urat tidak normal sebagian besar berusia 40 – 50 tahun sebanyak 6 responden, Karakteristik Responden Berdasarkan Makanan Tinggi Purin bahwa responden yang Mengonsumsi makanan tinggi purin kadar Asam Urat tinggi sebanyak 11 responden sedangkan yang rendah sebanyak 3 responden. Saran penelitian ini adalah perlu melakukan pola hidup sehat dengan istirahan yang cukup, mengonsumsi makanan yang sehat dan bergizi serta olahraga yang teratur. Kata kunci : Asam Urat, Petani, Buruh
CUSTOMER SATISFACTION ANALYSIS OF LABORATORY SERVICE QUALITY WITH IMPORTANCE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS METHOD IN UPTD. ABIANSEMAL PUSKESMAS I
Authors: Sutrisna Agus Ferry 
Published: December 2022

Measuring the level of patient satisfaction is absolutely necessary in an effort to improve the quality of health services. Through these measurements, it can be seen to what extent the dimensions of the quality of health services that have been implemented can meet patient expectations. The existence of complaints from consumers regarding laboratory services can result in a decrease in consumer confidence to use laboratory services. The UPTD Laboratory of the Abiansemal I Public health center is required to always maintain consumer confidence by improving the quality of service so that customer satisfaction increases. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of conformity between expectations and reality received by patients at the UPTD Laboratory of the Abiansemal I Public health center in 2022 and to find out which services should be a priority for improvement for improving the quality of laboratory services. This research is a non-experimental research with an exploratory qualitative research design using questionnaires and in-depth interviews. The study was conducted in January 2022 by taking samples of outside patients, aged 17-60 years. The level of satisfaction of outpatients with services at the UPTD Clinical Laboratory of the Abiansemal I Public health center is quite high, however, there are services that have not been carried out properly and optimally so that they have not provided satisfaction to laboratory customers.
From weak to strong coupling with enhanced dualband magnetoplasmonic Kerr sensing in the dimer-grating metamaterial
Authors: Zhu Ruxian , Zhang Xiaoming , Xu Wei , Chen Leyi , Tang Shaolong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We investigate the evolution of plasmonic spectral features from weak to strong coupling regime, with a large Rabi splitting of 210 meV, in the designed dimer-grating metamaterial. The two-driven coupled oscillator model has been proposed to quantitatively analyze the evolution, where the two oscillators are directly excited by the external driving light wave, demonstrating that the evolution is caused by not only aligning the resonance wavelength of related SP modes, but also low-loss. The proposed metamaterial is of high magnetoplasmonic refractive index sensitivity of 280.05 nm RIU−1 and figure of merit of 3*104 RIU−1, suggesting promising applications in biochemical sensing.
Multisensed Emotions as Adaptation Controllers in Human-to-Serious NeuroGames Communication
Authors: Dias Sofia , Jelinek Herbert , Hadjileontiadis Leontios 
Published: December 2022

<p>Emotion is defined (from Britannica) as a complex combination of experiences of consciousness, bodily sensation and behavior, reflecting personal significance of externally and/or internally triggered changes. As an indispensable part of human communication, emotions could be represented within the digital world as means that could control the human interaction with the digital artifacts. When this is combined with gamification, a more engaging communication for the player could be established. In this article, we explore how multisensed emotions of players could be used as adaptation controllers within the emotion-aware serious neurogames (SNGs). We first briefly describe the emotion sensing and recognition landscape, examining the emotion-source sensing and emotion inferring approaches. We then discuss the SNGs design framework and the way human-to-SNG communication is set. Additionally, we describe the way the adaptation of the SNG characteristics can be driven by the inferred emotions, towards the achievement of the desired SNG goals. In addition, we demonstrate the feasibility and design characteristics of such multisensed emotion-aware SNGs, by presenting a related application case, namely EmoSense, and evaluate its acceptance as a technological solution in the field of neurofeedback. Finally, we discuss challenges and opportunities in the field. </p>