bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scientific data from precipitation driver response model intercomparison project
Authors: Myhre Gunnar , Samset Bjørn , Forster Piers M. , Hodnebrog Øivind , Sandstad Marit , Mohr Christian W. , Sillmann Jana , Stjern Camilla W. , Andrews Timothy , Boucher Olivier , Faluvegi Gregory , Iversen Trond , Lamarque Jean-Francois , Kasoar Matthew , Kirkevåg Alf , Kramer Ryan , Liu Longbo , Mülmenstädt Johannes , Olivié Dirk , Quaas Johannes , Richardson Thomas B. , Shawki Dilshad , Shindell Drew , Smith Chris , Stier Philip , Tang Tao , Takemura Toshihiko , Voulgarakis Apostolos , Watson-Parris Duncan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis data descriptor reports the main scientific values from General Circulation Models (GCMs) in the Precipitation Driver and Response Model Intercomparison Project (PDRMIP). The purpose of the GCM simulations has been to enhance the scientific understanding of how changes in greenhouse gases, aerosols, and incoming solar radiation perturb the Earth’s radiation balance and its climate response in terms of changes in temperature and precipitation. Here we provide global and annual mean results for a large set of coupled atmospheric-ocean GCM simulations and a description of how to easily extract files from the dataset. The simulations consist of single idealized perturbations to the climate system and have been shown to achieve important insight in complex climate simulations. We therefore expect this data set to be valuable and highly used to understand simulations from complex GCMs and Earth System Models for various phases of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project.
Categorized contrast enhanced mammography dataset for diagnostic and artificial intelligence research
Authors: Khaled Rana , Helal Maha , Alfarghaly Omar , Mokhtar Omnia , Elkorany Abeer , El Kassas Hebatalla , Fahmy Aly 
Published: March 2022

AbstractContrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) is a relatively recent imaging modality with increased diagnostic accuracy compared to digital mammography (DM). New deep learning (DL) models were developed that have accuracies equal to that of an average radiologist. However, most studies trained the DL models on DM images as no datasets exist for CESM images. We aim to resolve this limitation by releasing a Categorized Digital Database for Low energy and Subtracted Contrast Enhanced Spectral Mammography images (CDD-CESM) to evaluate decision support systems. The dataset includes 2006 images, with an average resolution of 2355 × 1315, consisting of 310 mass images, 48 architectural distortion images, 222 asymmetry images, 238 calcifications images, 334 mass enhancement images, 184 non-mass enhancement images, 159 postoperative images, 8 post neoadjuvant chemotherapy images, and 751 normal images, with 248 images having more than one finding. This is the first dataset to incorporate data selection, segmentation annotation, medical reports, and pathological diagnosis for all cases. Moreover, we propose and evaluate a DL-based technique to automatically segment abnormal findings in images.
Cattaneo–Christov heat flow model for copper–water nanofluid heat transfer under Marangoni convection and slip conditions
Authors: Alharbi Khalid Abdulkhaliq M. , Alshahrani Mohammed Nasser , Ullah Naeem , Khan Naseer M. , Marek Krawczuk , Mousa Abd Allah A. , Ali Sajid 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis report is devoted to the study of the flow of MHD nanofluids through a vertical porous plate with a temperature-dependent surface tension using the Cattaneo–Christov heat flow model. The energy equation was formulated using the Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model instead of Fourier’s law of heat conduction. The Tiwari–Das model was used to take into account the concentration of nanoparticles when constructing the momentum equation. The problem is described mathematically using the boundary layer approach as a PDE, which is then converted into an ODE with the help of the transformation process. The solution finding process was completed by running the bvp4c code in MATLAB. A quantitative analysis of the influence of some newly occurring parameters on physical quantities was carried out using graphics. The addition of nanoparticles to the base fluid leads to an increase in both skin friction and thermal conductivity. The increase in thermal conductivity is the advantage, while the increase in skin friction is the disadvantage of the nanoparticle concentration. Marangoni convection has proven to be one of the most cost-effective tools available that can reduce skin friction. Marangoni convection improves the heat transfer coefficient during suction but decreases the heat transfer coefficient during the injection.
Automated lesion segmentation and quantification for prediction of paradoxical worsening in patients with tubercular serpiginous-like choroiditis
Authors: Kalra Gagan , Agarwal Aniruddha , Marchese Alessandro , Agrawal Rupesh , Bansal Reema , Gupta Vishali 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTo develop and evaluate a fully automated pipeline that analyzes color fundus images in patients with tubercular serpiginous-like choroiditis (TB SLC) for prediction of paradoxical worsening (PW). In this retrospective study, patients with TB SLC with a follow-up of 9 months after initiation of anti-tubercular therapy were included. A fully automated custom-designed pipeline was developed which was initially tested using 12 baseline color fundus photographs for assessment of repeatability. After confirming reliability using Bland–Altman plots and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), the pipeline was deployed for all patients. The images were preprocessed to exclude the optic nerve from the fundus photo using a single-shot trainable WEKA segmentation algorithm. Two automatic thresholding algorithms were applied, and quantitative metrics were generated. These metrics were compared between PW + and PW- groups using non-parametric tests. A logistic regression model was used to predict probability of PW for assessing binary classification performance and receiver operator curves were generated to choose a sensitivity-optimized threshold. The study included 139 patients (139 eyes; 92 males and 47 females; mean age: 44.8 ± 11.3 years) with TB SLC. Pilot analysis of 12 images showed an excellent ICC for measuring the mean area, intensity, and integrated pixel intensity (all ICC > 0.89). The PW + group had significantly higher mean lesion area (p = 0.0152), mean pixel intensity (p = 0.0181), and integrated pixel intensity (p < 0.0001) compared to the PW- group. Using a sensitivity optimized threshold cut-off for mean pixel intensity, an area under the curve of 0.87 was achieved (sensitivity: 96.80% and specificity: 72.09%). Automated calculation of lesion metrics such as mean pixel intensity and segmented area in TB SLC is a novel approach with good repeatability in predicting PW during the follow-up.
'Not in my stairway': how do neighbours cope with peer-to-peer rentals in housing cooperatives?
Authors: Gyimóthy Szilvia 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

This chapter approaches resilience as a problem-solving practice in neighbourhood communities, by discussing how peer-to-peer (P2P)-accommodation platform rentals have been embraced in a Nordic context. I review the evolution and cultural history of Danish housing cooperative movements as mundane hotbeds of participatory democracy and argue that everyday Nordic practices of cohabitation are signifcant for building resilience. Departing from the notion of the community as performatively constituted, I provide a brief illustration of how neighbourhoods are enacted in residents' images or notions of cohesion as well as of shared values, practices and spaces. Based on empirical illustrations from disputes concerning P2P rentals and construction of private balconies in Copenhagen, my position is that neighbourhood conficts challenge, but may also enhance, societal cohesion, because they revive discussions about the rights and duties of community members.
In-situ CLSM characterization of deformation and fracture behavior of (Cu, Cr) metal thin films on flexible substrates
Authors: Xue Xiuli , Zeng Chaofeng , Wang Shibin , Li Linan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Magnetron sputter deposited Cu thin films on an insulating polymer substrate such as polyimide are frequently used as flexible printed circuits. Understanding the tensile behavior of films deposited on polymer substrates is critical to optimize them for applications requiring flexibility. In this study, single layer copper, chromium (Cu, Cr) films, and Cu/Cr bilayer films were deposited on flexible polyimide substrates by magnetron sputtering. The mechanical behavior of these systems was investigated under tensile loading using the advanced in situ confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) technique. The results demonstrate that the buckled shapes, crack density and crack spacing are closely related to the film material and film thickness. The Cr interlayer greatly influences the cracking behavior of the overlying ductile Cu film. Moreover, the in situ tensile experiments indicate that the crack density of the film is obviously related to the loading rate. The findings in this work provide a qualitative guidance for the material selection and structural optimization of metal-based single layer and bilayer flexible electronics.
Sensitivity enhancement of the tactile sensor based on hydrothermally grown ZnO nanorods modified by catalytic Au nanoparticles
Authors: Liu Yurong , Zhu Lin , Xiang Yinxue , Li Ming 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Flexible piezoelectric tactile sensor with transverse planar electrodes based on hydrothermally grown ZnO nanorods (ZnO NRs) was presented by using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as flexible substrate and packaging material. The effects of the content of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) added into the precursor solution on the structural morphology of ZnO NRs and on the piezoelectric properties of the ZnO NRs tactile sensor were investigated. Tactile sensors show a linear piezoelectric response in the pressure range of 0–1 N, and the sensor for the precursor solution with AuNPs of 100 μl shows a high sensitivity of 1.42 V N−1 due to the large aspect ratio of the ZnO NRs, indicating that a small amount of AuNPs addition can optimize the structural morphology of ZnO NRs and thus improve the piezoelectric response of the sensor. Meanwhile, the sensor is employed to monitor human information in real-time such as bending/stretching motion of finger and distinguish various objects.
Effect of powder lubrication on wear characteristics of silicon nitride during sliding at high temperature
Authors: Wang Zhishuang , Li Songhua , Sun Jian , Wang Junhai , Zhang Lixiu , Wei Chao , Xia Zhongxian , Zhang Xinyi , Yang Jiaxing 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In order to improve the tribological characteristics of Si3N4 friction pairs at high temperature, graphite powder, h-BN powder and MoS2 powder with excellent lubricating properties were added between the friction pairs. The friction and wear experiments of different powder adding stages (initial adding stage and stable friction stage) and different temperature gradients (25 °C, 100 °C, 200 °C, 300 °C, 400 °C) were carried out on the friction and wear tester. After the experiment, the worn surface was observed by SEM and ultra-depth microscope, and the lubricating powder before and after friction was analyzed by XRD. Combined with the friction coefficient recorded during the experiment, the friction reduction mechanism of powder lubrication under different conditions was analyzed and summarized. The results show that the three kinds of powder all have the best lubrication effect at the initial stage of addition. With the increase of temperature, the film-forming ability of graphite powder and h-BN powder decreases, and MoS2 powder is little affected. Therefore, the key to lubrication and wear reduction is to form a dense, stable and not easily damaged lubricating film during friction. How to form the lubricating film more easily and how to improve the performance of the lubricating film will become the next research focus.
Long term dynamics of surface fluctuation in a peat swamp forest in Sarawak, Malaysia
Authors: Imran Yazid , Melling Lulie , Wong Guan Xhuan , Hatano Ryusuke , Inoue Takashi , Aeries Edward Baran , Goh Kah Joo , Mah Darrien Yau Seng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Tropical peatland is a complex and globally important wetland ecosystem, storing an enormous amount of the Earth’s terrestrial carbon from centuries of organic material accumulation. In this ecosystem, peat swamp forests developed over an ombrogenous peat where hydrology influences its physico-chemical properties, one of which is fluctuation of the peat surface. While several studies of tropical peatland surface fluctuation have been reported, most are based on relatively short measurement periods or focused on drained areas. Hence, the objective of this study is to determine the long-term dynamics of peat surface fluctuation from an undrained peat swamp forest in relation to its water table depth. Peat surface level, water table, and rainfall were measured monthly at three experimental sites in a peat swamp forest in Sarawak, Malaysia over a period of about 10 years (2011–2020). The sites were different in soil structure and vegetation community; namely mixed peat swamp, Alan Batu, and Alan Bunga forests. Throughout the measurement period the peat surface in all sites exhibited consistent oscillating movement that generally follow the fluctuation of water table, with swelling and subsidence occurring after water table increase following high rainfall and receding water during dry spells respectively. Positive linear relationships were also found between peat surface level and water table (p < 0.05). Both the surface level and water table at all sites fell to their lowest during an intense dry period in 2019. Surface fluctuation at the Alan Batu site was most affected by seasonal changes in water table, which may be due to presence of vacant zones in the peat profile.
Three-Dimensional Perioral Assessment Following Subnasal Lip Lift
Authors: Patel Anmol A , Schreiber Jillian E , Gordon Alexandra R , Mehta Karan , Mikolasko Brian D , Levine Jonathan B , Tepper Oren M 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
The subnasal lip lift is a surgical technique that elevates the “lip line” (interface between vertical maxillary incisor height and upper lip) to achieve a more youthful aesthetic.

Objectives
The authors sought to offer the first ever definition, to their knowledge, of 3-dimensional (3D) changes to the upper lip due to subnasal lip lift.

Methods
A lip lift procedure was performed (on cadaveric samples) in a sequential manner from 2.5- to 5.0-mm intervals (n = 13). 3D photographs were taken with the VECTRA H1 system (Canfield Scientific, Fairfield, NJ), and 3D analysis was performed including vermillion height and width, philtral height, sagittal lip projection, vermillion surface area, and incisor show. A subset of samples (n = 9) underwent a modification of the technique by undermining the upper lip subcutaneous tissue off the underlying muscular fascia.

Results
Vermillion surface area (baseline range, 1.45-5.52 cm2) increased by an average of 20.5% and 43.1% with 2.5-mm and 5.0-mm lip lift, respectively. Anterior projection of the vermillion increased in all cases by an average of 2.13 and 4.07 mm at 2.5 and 5.0 mm, respectively. Philtral height decreased in all cases by an average of 3.37 and 7.23 mm at 2.5 and 5.0 mm, whereas incisal show increased on average of 1.9 and 4.09 mm, respectively.

Conclusions
This study is the first to our knowledge to define the 3D morphometric changes to the upper lip following subnasal lip lift. Quantifying these changes aids the surgeon in preoperative planning and guiding patient expectations.
PSSMCOOL: a comprehensive R package for generating evolutionary-based descriptors of protein sequences from PSSM profiles
Authors: Mohammadi Alireza , Zahiri Javad , Mohammadi Saber , Khodarahmi Mohsen , Arab Seyed Shahriar 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPosition-specific scoring matrix (PSSM), also called profile, is broadly used for representing the evolutionary history of a given protein sequence. Several investigations reported that the PSSM-based feature descriptors can improve the prediction of various protein attributes such as interaction, function, subcellular localization, secondary structure, disorder regions, and accessible surface area. While plenty of algorithms have been suggested for extracting evolutionary features from PSSM in recent years, there is not any integrated standalone tool for providing these descriptors. Here, we introduce PSSMCOOL, a flexible comprehensive R package that generates 38 PSSM-based feature vectors. To our best knowledge, PSSMCOOL is the first PSSM-based feature extraction tool implemented in R. With the growing demand for exploiting machine-learning algorithms in computational biology, this package would be a practical tool for machine-learning predictions.
Identification and Functional Characterization of Metabolites for Skeletal Muscle Mass in Early Postmenopausal Chinese Women
Authors: Liu Huimin , Lin Xu , Gong Rui , Shen Hui , Qu Zhihao , Zhao Qi , Shen Jie , Xiao Hongmei , Deng Hongwen 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Low skeletal muscle mass (SMM) is a crucial component of the sarcopenia phenotypes. In the present study, we aim to identify the specific metabolites associated with SMM variation and their functional mechanisms of decreased SMM in early postmenopausal women. We performed an untargeted metabolomics analysis in 430 early postmenopausal women to identify specific metabolite associated with skeletal muscle mass indexes (SMIes). Then, the potential causal effect of specific metabolite on SMM variation was accessed by one-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Finally, in vitro experiments and transcriptomics bioinformatics analysis were conducted to explore the impact and potential functional mechanisms of specific metabolite on SMM variation. We detected 65 metabolites significantly associated with at least one SMI (variable importance in projection &gt; 1.5 by partial least squares regression and p &lt; .05 in multiple linear regression analysis). Remarkably, stearic acid (SA) was negatively associated with all SMIes, and subsequent MR analyses showed that increased serum SA level had a causal effect on decreased SMM (p &lt; .05). Further in vitro experiments showed that SA could repress myoblast’s differentiation at mRNA, protein, and phenotype levels. By combining transcriptome bioinformatics analysis, our study supports that SA may inhibit myoblast differentiation and myotube development by regulating the migration, adhesion, and fusion of myoblasts. This metabolomics study revealed specific metabolic profiles associated with decreased SMM in postmenopausal women, first highlighted the importance of SA in regulating SMM variation, and illustrated its potential mechanism on decreased SMM.
Anterolateral Thigh Flap for Low-Voltage Fourth-Degree Electrical Burn Injury With Immediate Radial Nerve Palsy at the Elbow: A Case Report
Authors: Lai Yen-Shuo , Lee Yao-Chou 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
While high-voltage electrical injuries usually cause severe burn wounds and axonal polyneuropathy, low-voltage electrical injuries cause limited cutaneous wounds and demyelinating mononeuropathy, of which the median and ulnar nerves are the most commonly involved. We present the case of a 42-year-old man who suffered a 480-voltage electrical injury at his right elbow, resulting in a 24 × 10 cm fourth-degree burn wound and immediate radial nerve palsy. The burn wound was debrided with confirmation and preservation of radial nerve continuity. The wound was covered with a free anterolateral thigh flap and it healed uneventfully. The Tinel’s sign continued to advance at follow-up, and electrodiagnostic studies showed progressive reinnervation. His radial nerve function recovered completely in 9 months. This is a rare case of low-voltage electrical injury with a fourth-degree burn wound and immediate radial nerve palsy. We treated the wound aggressively with early debridement and prompt flap coverage, but conservatively treated the radial nerve injury. The nerve recovery course indicates that it had a “shocked-cooked” injury and served itself as a well-placed nerve graft for the subsequent regeneration. We believe that our successful outcome in this case can provide more insights into the management of such injuries.
Decoupling the impact of biodiversity and environmental factors on the biomass and biomass growth of trees in subtropical forests
Authors: Tiwari Ravi Mohan , Liu Jinliang , Xie Yuchu , Yao Shenhao , Liu Shenglong , Wu Sumei , Liu Julian , Qian Haiyuan , Lei Zupei , Zhang Hongwei , Zhong Lei , Wei Boliang , Yu Mingjian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning has become a central issue in any forest ecosystem. However, there are few studies on the interaction of environmental factors based on the history of subtropical forest disturbance. In this study, we intended to disentangle the relationship between different aspects of biodiversity and biomass or biomass change when considering the environmental factors of 34 subtropical forest plots in Zhejiang Province, eastern China. We used linear models to analyze the effects of taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity at the plot level of tree biomass and its growth with or without environmental factors. Taxonomic diversity and functional diversity, rather than phylogenetic diversity, showed significant correlations with biomass and biomass growth. We further found that there was a positive linear relationship between biomass or biomass growth and mean annual temperature and altitude. In addition, the relationship between biomass growth and functional diversity was significantly stronger than the relationship between biomass growth and phylogenetic diversity or taxonomic diversity when environmental factors and stand developmental stages were considered. Our results suggested that the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning is dependent upon the selection of diversity index and environmental conditions.