bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Dopaminergic Therapy on Impulse Control Disorders in Patients With a Prolactinoma
Authors: Ozdeniz Varan Esin , Gurvit Hakan 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Studies have reported an increase in the incidence of impulse control disorders (ICDs) in patient groups treated with dopamine agonists (DAAs), especially in Parkinson disease (PD). However, very few studies have reported on ICDs in individuals with a prolactinoma who were treated with DAAs.

Objective:
To see whether a DAA by itself causes ICDs in individuals with a prolactinoma by controlling the susceptibility to impulsivity by excluding individuals with other risk factors for ICDs.

Method:
We compared the performance of 31 individuals with a prolactinoma receiving DAA therapy (DAA+) on various behavioral scales and the Iowa gambling task (IGT), a neuropsychological instrument that measures risky decision-making, with the performance of 20 individuals with a prolactinoma who were not on DAA therapy (DAA−) and 30 healthy controls (HC).

Results:
There was no significant difference among the groups concerning performance on the Zuckerman Sensation Seeking Scale—V, Minnesota Impulse Disorders Interview, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale—11, or IGT. No correlation was found between the scores on these scales and the duration or dose of DAA in the DAA+ group. The incidence of ICDs was 25.8% in the DAA+ group, 15% in the DAA− group, and 16.7% in the HC. The differences among the groups did not reach statistical significance.

Conclusion:
Individuals who are under treatment with low-dose, D2-selective DAAs for a prolactinoma do not face an increased risk for ICDs, especially when they are carefully screened for any psychiatric comorbidity that may also display impulsivity.
Knowledge Mapping of Nigeria’s Scientific Contribution to Antimicrobial Resistance Research: A visualized investigation using VOS viewer and Cite Space
Authors: Adeiza Shuaibu Suleiman , Shuaibu Mohammed Gazali , Shuaibu Bello Abdulmalik 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTObjectiveA comprehensive overview of the research output, including conceptual and temporal trends, is required to address the growing AMR burden in Nigeria, which was previously lacking. This study uses bibliometric analysis to show this.MethodsData from a query of AMR articles in the Dimensions database (PubMed included) were subjected to bibliometric analysis (1972–2022). Bibliometric indicators, topic networks were established and topic trends were analysed by frequency, relevance scores, and trends over time.ResultsA total of 0.2% of the papers on AMR published worldwide were written by authors or institutions from Nigeria. In 2021, publications grew by 13.6%, highlighting the field’s increased vigour. The vast majority of publications (57.18%) were in the field of Medical and Health Sciences, with 2428 papers. The top journal for AMR papers with at least one Nigerian institution affiliation was African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology, which published 1.8% of these papers. Antimicrobial stewardship, Clinical and laboratory practices on AMR, Public health implications, Traditional and molecular methods, and Phytomedicine and drug discovery were prominent areas of focus for Nigerian researchers.ConclusionThis study provides a comprehensive overview of the AMR research output, highlighting the need of increased research capacity to address the burden of AMR in Nigeria. Because Nigeria is overly reliant on conventional methods of discovery and development, innovation is essential for the future of antibiotics.
SRF transcriptionally regulates the oligodendrocyte cytoskeleton during CNS myelination
Authors: Iram Tal , Garcia Miguel A. , Amand Jérémy , Kaur Achint , Iyer Manasi , Lam Mable , Ambiel Nicolas , Keller Andreas , Wyss-Coray Tony , Kern Fabian , Zuchero J. Bradley 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTMyelination of neuronal axons is essential for nervous system development. Myelination requires dramatic cytoskeletal dynamics in oligodendrocytes, but how actin is regulated during myelination is poorly understood. We recently identified serum response factor (SRF)—a transcription factor known to regulate expression of actin and actin regulators in other cell types—as a critical driver of myelination in the aged brain. Yet, a major gap remains in understanding the fundamental role of SRF in oligodendrocyte lineage cells. Here we show that SRF is required cell autonomously in oligodendrocytes for myelination during development. Combining ChIP-seq with RNA-seq identifies SRF-target genes in OPCs and oligodendrocytes that include actin and other key cytoskeletal genes. Accordingly, SRF knockout oligodendrocytes exhibit dramatically reduced actin filament levels early in differentiation, consistent with its role in actin-dependent myelin sheath initiation. Together, our findings identify SRF as a transcriptional regulator that controls the expression of cytoskeletal genes required in oligodendrocytes for myelination. This study identifies a novel pathway regulating oligodendrocyte biology with high relevance to brain development, aging, and disease.HighlightsDevelopmental CNS myelination requires the transcription factor SRF in oligodendrocytes.SRF targets actin and actin-regulatory but not myelin related genes.SRF drives oligodendrocyte actin cytoskeleton dynamics during early stages of myelination.
Parasite gene flow in riverine habitats: ascertaining the roles of stream drift, river bifurcations and host dispersal
Authors: Janecka Mary J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDetermining the factors that shape parasite gene flow across complex landscapes is central to understanding the coevolutionary process. In rivers, unidirectional currents, stream drift, may facilitate downstream parasite dispersal, while bifurcating branches may cause population subdivision among branches. The generative habitat processes in rivers can potentially interact with host dispersal to determine gene flow within the aquatic ecosystem. We examined the population genetic structure and gene flow of a trematode infecting semi-aquatic snakes to determine the relative contributions of stream drift, river bifurcations and host dispersal in shaping parasite gene flow in three connected riverine ecosystems. We found the strongest population structure immediately below a recently constructed reservoir at the confluence of the two rivers, with mild structure between one out the the three reaches of the river. Patterns of isolation by distance along linear pathways were not uniform, despite similar path network path lengths. We found the strongest evidence for isolation by distance associated with the river bifurcation. The comparison of terrestrial versus within river network dispersal indicates that parasite transmission between branches occurs along river networks. Short-distance terrestrial dispersal however may be important along some linear networks. Our results highlight the complexity of host-habitat interactions shaping parasite gene flow and the need for empirical data from natural systems to develop accurate models of parasite transmission in rivers.
Targeted Protein Degradation via Nanoparticles
Authors: Liu Yang , Liu Runhan , Dong Jiawei , Xia Xue , Yang Haoying , Wei Sijun , Fan Linlin , Fang Mengke , Zou Yan , Zheng Meng , Leong Kam W. , Shi Bingyang 
Published: September 2022

SUMMARYStrategies that hijack selective proteins of interest (POIs) to the intracellular protein recycling machinery for targeted protein degradation (TPD) have recently emerged as powerful tools for undruggable targets in biomedical research and the pharmaceutical industry. However, targeting any new POI with current TPD tools requires laborious case-by-case design for different diseases and cell types, especially for those extracellular targets. Here, we observed that nanoparticles (NPs) can mediate the receptor-free internalization of hijacked protein and further developed a generic paradigm for both intra- and extracellular POI degradation, by making full use of clinically approved components. The phenomenon is general, as we found nanostructures such as lipid nanoparticle (LNP), liposomes, exosomes, polymeric nanoparticles, inorganic nanoparticles and their hybrid nanoparticles modified with POI-recognizing moiety (antibody, peptides, small molecule drugs) can mediate TPD for a wide range of extracellular/membrane and intracellular targets. The super flexible and feasible-to-synthesize TPD-NPs paradigm may revolutionize the current TPD tools development landscape and it provides fundamental knowledge to receptor mediated drug therapies.HighlightsNanoparticle mediated targeted protein degradation (TPD-NP) can be constructed by “Mix-and-Match” and do not requirede novosynthesis or specific internalization design.TPD-NPs can be equipped with specific cell type targeting capacity, loading and controlled release of therapeutic cargos, as well as biological barrier penetration capacity.Assembling components can be clinical-approved or biodegradable for translational medicine.TPD-NP highly boosted current application platforms of nano-delivery and TPD.
Predicting Phenotypes From Novel Genomic Markers Using Deep Learning
Authors: Sehrawat Shivani , Najafian Keyhan , Jin Lingling 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGenomic selection models use Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) markers to predict phenotypes. However, these predictive models face challenges due to the high dimensionality of genome-wide SNP marker data. Thanks to recent breakthroughs in DNA sequencing and decreased sequencing cost, the study of novel genomic variants such as Structural Variations (SVs) and Transposable Elements (TEs) become increasingly prevalent. In this paper, we develop a deep convolutional neural network model,NovGMDeep, to predict phenotypes using SVs and TEs markers for genomic selection. The proposed model is trained and tested on samples ofA. thalianaandO. sativausingk-fold cross-validation. The prediction accuracy is evaluated using Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient (PCC), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Standard Deviation (SD) of MAE. The predicted results showed higher correlation when the model is trained with SVs and TEs than with SNPs.NovGMDeepalso has higher prediction accuracy when comparing with conventional statistical models. This work sheds light on the unrecognized function of SVs and TEs in genotype-to-phenotype associations, as well as their extensive significance and value in crop development.
Feature detecting columnar neurons mediate object tracking saccades in Drosophila
Authors: Frighetto Giovanni , Frye Mark A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTracking visual objects while stabilizing the visual background is complicated by the different computational requirements for object tracking and motion vision. In fruit fly, directionally selective motion detectors T4 and T5 cells supply wide-field neurons of the lobula plate, which control smooth gaze stabilization behavior. Here, we hypothesized that an anatomically parallel pathway supplied by T3, which encodes small moving objects and innervates the lobula, drives body saccades toward objects. We combined physiological and behavioral experiments to show that T3 neurons respond omnidirectionally to contrast changes induced by the visual stimuli that elicit tracking saccades, and silencing T3 reduced the frequency of tracking saccades. By contrast, optogenetic manipulation of T3 increased the number of tracking saccades. Our results represent the first evidence that parallel motion detection and feature detection pathways coordinate smooth gaze stabilization and saccadic object tracking behavior during flight.
Optical modulation of excitation-contraction coupling in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes
Authors: Vurro Vito , Federici Beatrice , Ronchi Carlotta , Florindi Chiara , Sesti Valentina , Crasto Silvia , Maniezzi Claudia , Galli Camilla , Antognazza Maria Rosa , Bertarelli Chiara , Di Pasquale Elisa , Lanzani Guglielmo , Lodola Francesco 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNon-genetic photostimulation is a novel and rapidly growing multidisciplinary field of research that aims to induce light sensitivity in living systems by exploiting exogeneous phototransducers.Here we propose a recently synthetized intramembrane photoswitch, based on an azobenzene derivative (Ziapin2), for optical pacing of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs).The light-mediated stimulation process has been studied by applying several characterization techniques to detect the effect on the cell properties. In particular, we recorded changes in membrane capacitance, in membrane potential (Vm), and modulation of intracellular Ca2+dynamics. Finally, cell contractility was analyzed using a custom MATLAB algorithm.Photostimulation of intramembrane Ziapin2 causes a transient Vmhyperpolarization followed by a delayed depolarization and action potential firing. The observed initial electrical modulation nicely correlates with changes in Ca2+dynamics and contraction rate.This work represents the proof of principle that Ziapin2 can modulate electrical activity and contractility in hiPSC-CMs, opening up a future development in cardiac physiology.
Biomechanics and neural circuits for vestibular-induced fine postural control in larval zebrafish
Authors: Sugioka Takumi , Tanimoto Masashi , Higashijima Shin-ichi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLand-walking vertebrates maintain a desirable posture by finely controlling muscles. It is unclear whether fish also finely control posture in the water. Here, we showed that larval zebrafish have fine posture control. When roll-tilted, fish recovered their upright posture using a reflex behavior, which was a slight body bend near the swim bladder. The vestibular-induced body bend produces a misalignment between gravity and buoyancy, generating a moment of force that recovers the upright posture. We identified the neural circuits for the reflex, including the vestibular nucleus (tangential nucleus) through reticulospinal neurons (neurons in the nucleus of the medial longitudinal fasciculus) to the spinal cord, and finally to the posterior hypaxial muscles, a special class of muscles near the swim bladder. These results suggest that fish maintain a dorsal-up posture by frequently performing the body bend reflex and demonstrate that the reticulospinal pathway plays a critical role in fine postural control.
The Mechanisms Underlying Colour Afterimages
Authors: Witzel Christoph 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNegative colour afterimages incorporate the most fundamental tenets of human colour perception (adaptation, opponency, complementary colours, context-dependence, dependence on the beholder), but despite their fundamental importance, the underlying mechanisms are controversial. The key question is whether the afterimages are attributable to adaptation in the cone photoreceptors, of colour-opponent neurons in the subcortical pathway, or require the assumption of yet unknown cortical mechanisms. The most common assumption in textbooks and contemporary research is that negative afterimages are cone-opponent. It has not previously been recognised that the role of those mechanisms can be distinguished because they make fundamentally different predictions about the hue and saturation of afterimages. To test these predictions, we developed experimental paradigms to measure the exact colours perceived in afterimages. The results reveal that afterimages do not align with cone-opponency but closely follow a well-founded model of cone adaptation (cone contrasts). Our findings establish that cone-adaptation is the sole origin of negative colour afterimages. The quantitative cone-contrast model provides a comprehensive, straight-forward explanation of the adaptive mechanisms underlying colour afterimages that resolves apparent contradictions and debunks wide-spread misconceptions. This model has far-reaching implications for longstanding mysteries about visual perception.
Normative models for neuroimaging markers: Impact of model selection, sample size and evaluation criteria
Authors: Bozek Jelena , Griffanti Ludovica , Lau Stephan , Jenkinson Mark 
Published: September 2022

AbstractModelling population reference curves or normative modelling is increasingly used with the advent of large neuroimaging studies. In this paper we assess the performance of fitting methods from the perspective of clinical applications and investigate the influence of the sample size. Further, we evaluate linear and nonlinear models for percentile curve estimation and highlight how the bias-variance trade-off manifests in typical neuroimaging data.We created plausible ground truth distributions of hippocampal volumes in the age range of 45 to 80 years, as an example application. Based on these distributions we repeatedly simulated samples for sizes between 50 and 50,000 data points, and for each simulated sample we fitted a range of normative models. We compared the fitted models and their variability across repetitions to the ground truth, with specific focus on the outer percentiles (1th, 5th, 10th) as these are the most clinically relevant.Our results quantify the expected decreasing trend in variance of the volume estimates with increasing sample size. However, bias in the volume estimates only decreases a modest amount, without much improvement at large sample sizes. The uncertainty of model performance is substantial for what would often be considered large samples in a neuroimaging context and rises dramatically at the ends of the age range, where fewer data points exist. Flexible models perform better across sample sizes, especially for nonlinear ground truth.Surprisingly large samples of several thousand data points are needed to accurately capture outlying percentiles across the age range for applications in research and clinical settings. Performance evaluation methods should assess both, bias and variance. Furthermore, extreme caution is needed when attempting to extrapolate beyond the age range included in the source dataset. To help with such evaluations of normative models we have made our code available to guide researchers developing or utilising normative models.
Yeast NDI1 expression prevents the unfolded protein response and reconfigures metabolism to restore neuronal function in mitochondrial complex I deficiency
Authors: Granat Lucy , Ranson Daniel , Hamer Emma , Chakrabarty Ram Prosad , Mattedi Francesca , Fort-Aznar Laura , Hirth Frank , Sweeney Sean T. , Vagnoni Alessio , Chandel Navdeep S. , Bateman Joseph M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMutations in mitochondrial complex I cause mitochondrial complex I deficiency, a group of severe neurological diseases that can result in death in infancy. The mechanisms underlying complex I deficiency pathogenesis remain poorly understood, and as a result there are currently no available treatments. To better understand the causes of neuronal dysfunction in complex I deficiency, we modelled complex I deficiency inDrosophilaby knocking down the mitochondrial complex I subunit ND-75 (NDUFS1) specifically in neurons. Neuronal complex I deficiency causes locomotor defects, seizures and reduced lifespan. At the cellular level, complex I deficiency leads to mitochondrial morphology defects, reduced endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria contacts and activation of the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response (UPR) in neurons. Remarkably, we find that expression of the yeast non-proton translocating NADH dehydrogenase NDI1 in neurons, which couples NADH oxidation to transfer of electrons into the respiratory chain, reinstates endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria contacts, prevents UPR activation and rescues the behavioural and lifespan phenotypes caused by complex I deficiency. Metabolomic analysis shows that NDI1 expression also reconfigures neuronal metabolism and implicates increased GABA levels as a contributor to the neurological manifestations of complex I deficiency. Together, these data indicate that NDI1 abrogates UPR signalling and reprogrammes metabolism to alleviate neuronal dysfunction caused by neuronal complex I deficiency.
In-silico and in-vitro evaluation of anti-oxidant and anti-hypertensive activities ofChenopodium ambrosoides LINN. ethanol leaf extract
Authors: Olaniyi Ayinde , Oluwatobi Oguntoye , Oluwabunmi Alabi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOxidative stress and free radicals have been implicated in ethno-pathogenesis of hypertension and cardiovascular disease.C. ambrosoidesLinn. is a popular plant used in the management of oxidative stress related diseases such as hypertension and obesity in Nigeria and West African countries; however, studies validating the antioxidant and antihypertensive potential of this plant is scanty in literature. Thus, this study was designed to investigate the antioxidant and antihypertensive activities ofC. ambrosoidesethanolic leaf extract usingin-vitro(vis-à-vis) DPPH free radical scavenging assay, nitric oxide radical inhibition assay, lipid peroxidation inhibition assay, ferric reducing power assay and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition assay) andin-silico(Molecular docking) techniques and results analyzed using GraphPad prism8 software and Multiple test as criteria for statistical comparison and significance. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis was employed to identify constituent bioactive compounds in the extract. The results of thein-vitroanti-oxidants assays show dose dependent inhibition with the highest activity observed at 2.5 mg/ml. The ferric reducing power activity of the extract significantly (P<0.05) shows higher activity than the ascorbic acid standard at all concentration with the highest activity observed at 2.5mg/ml (77.030% against 69.159%).The extract significantly scavenged DPPH radical than ascorbic acid standard at 2.5mg/ml (81.161% against 75.378%), however at low concentration (1.5mg/ml-0.5mg/ml) the standard shows higher activity than the extract, however dose dependence was maintained. Ascorbic acid standard significantly shows higher activity than the extracts lipid peroxidation inhibition and nitric oxide inhibition activity at all concentration.The extract exhibited high angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibited in a dose dependent manner with the highest activity at 2.5mg/ml (95.990%). The ACE inhibitory potential ofC. ambrosoidesextract was corroborated by in-silicostudies which revealed that 14 out of the 96 identified bioactive compounds through GCMS exhibited higher negative binding affinities than lisinopril (−6.8 Kcal/mol), with the compound 2,4-Diamino-6,8-bis[3,4-dichlorophenyl]-5,6-dihydro-8H-thiapyrano[4’,3’4,5]thieno[2,3d]pyrimidine having the highest binding affinity (−8.0Kcal/mol) In conclusion, it is suggested that the anti-hypertensive activity demonstrated by C.ambrosoidesmight be mediated via its anti-oxidant ability and ACE inhibitory potential.