bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Jade material in vitro and in vivo: A study on the anti‐inflammatory and repair efficacy of jade material on the skin
Authors: Shu Xiaohong , Wang Ling , Qu Ruina , Li Li , Wang Xi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe biological safety of natural jade materials and assembled jade‐activated materials on cells and their anti‐inflammatory and damage repair functions, as well as the repair function on sensitive skin, were studied utilizing in vitro cell biology and in vivo.MethodsHuman skin fibroblasts were used as model cells to conduct cytotoxicity experiments in vitro, and the effects on the expression of inflammatory factors and growth factor‐related genes in fibroblasts were explored. The gene expression values of inflammatory factors IL‐1, IL‐6, TNF‐α and cytokines epidermal growth factors, fibroblast growth factors and COL1A1 in fibroblasts were measured by polymerase chain reaction test. Thirty women with sensitive skin were selected to apply a mask containing jade extract three times a week. After two weeks, non‐invasive measures related to skin sensitivity were tested.ResultsWe confirmed the presence of anti‐inflammatory effects in both jade materials, with the effects of the assembled activated jade material being superior to that of the natural jade material. Jade extracts significantly increased the gene expressions of EGF, FGF and COL1A1 in HDF. The results of the in vivo study showed that the mask containing jade extract could significantly increase the skin hydration and decrease the rate of transepidermal water loss and skin lactic acid sting test scores after two weeks of use. Subjective evaluations confirmed improvements in skin dryness, smoothness and fineness. No new sensitization occurred in subjects, and the product was non‐irritating. No adverse skin reactions were observed during the test.ConclusionsThe jade materials were able to downregulate the expression of inflammatory factor genes, up‐regulate the expression of growth factor genes, and improve the anti‐inflammation and repair ability of skin. Furthermore, the test results of participants with sensitive skin after using the mask containing jade extract showed that the mask has repairing ability.
Development of stabilized zirconia–alkali salts dual membranes for carbon dioxide capture
Authors: Muccillo Reginaldo , Carvalho Sabrina G. M. , Denaldi Rafael L. , Muccillo Eliana N. S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMolten Na2CO3–K2CO3 (NKC, 56–44 mol%) eutectic compositions were vacuum‐impregnated, at the eutectic temperature, into two porous ZrO2:8.6 mol% MgO (magnesium‐partially stabilized zirconia, MgPSZ) and ZrO2:8 mol% Y2O2 (yttria‐fully stabilized zirconia, 8YSZ) ceramics. Thermogravimetric analyses were performed in mixtures of that composition with MgPSZ and 8YSZ ceramic powders. Before impregnation, porosity was achieved in the two compounds by addition and thermal removal of 30 vol.% NKC. To ascertain the carbonates had filled up through the ceramic body, both sides of the parallel and fracture surfaces of the disk‐shaped impregnated compositions were observed in a scanning electron microscope and analyzed by energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. The electrical conductivity of the two ceramics, before and after impregnation, was evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in the 5 Hz–13 MHz frequency range from approximately 530 to 740°C. The permeation of the carbonate ions through the membranes via the eutectic composition was assessed by the threshold temperatures of the onset of the carbonate ion percolation. The objectives were to prepare dual‐phase membranes for the separation of carbon dioxide and for the development of carbon dioxide sensors.
Investigation of microstructure evolution and properties in silica‐based ceramic cores with alumina as a mineralizer
Authors: Pan Zhiping , Guo Jianzheng , Li Shuangming , Xiong Jiangying 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this work, silica‐based ceramic cores with alumina as a mineralizer were prepared via an injection molding method, and the effects of alumina on the microstructural evolution and properties at 1450°C (simulating the process of equiaxed castings) and 1550°C (simulating the process of columnar/single crystal castings) were investigated. It was found that alumina promoted the cristobalite crystallization of fused silica refractory during sintering but inhibited the devitrification rate in the subsequent heating. The flexural strength of silica‐based ceramic cores at an ambient temperature and 1450°C improved with an increasing alumina content, whereas the opposite trend appeared at 1550°C. The creep resistances of silica‐based cores were improved significantly and then slightly deteriorated with an increasing alumina content from 5% to 20%, depending on the competition effects of alumina hindering the viscous flow of liquid silica (favorable), but suppressing the devitrification rate (unfavorable). The results of this work show that silica‐based cores need to follow different compositional design principles for equiaxed and columnar/single‐crystal turbine blade castings.
Phase transformation and growth mechanism of RF sputtered ferroelectric lead scandium tantalate (PbSc0.5Ta0.5O3) films
Authors: Gupta Sanju 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLead scandium tantalate (PbSc0.5Ta0.5O3, PST), an order/disorder ferroelectric, is a potential candidate for electrocaloric cooling and pyroelectric infrared (IR) detector. In this work, we report the phase transformation kinetics from two series of samples containing pure amorphous and mixture of amorphous and pyrochlore to desired perovskite phase using postdeposition rapid thermal processing (RTP) as well as growth mechanism of RF sputtered PST thin films using excess lead target on platinized silicon (Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si) substrates. We find that small changes in the temperature ramp have a large effect on the degree of perovskite conversion (ferroelectric phase), orientation (crystallographic texture), and long‐range order parameter (< S111 >). Through isothermal annealing, we obtained optimal perovskite phase at ≥700°C temperature. The phase transformation is characterized by spontaneous formation of center‐type in‐plane radial rosette‐like structures revealed by scanning electron microscopy. The PST perovskite crystallites were found to coexist with pyrochlore in RTP annealed films. The volume fractions for perovskite and pyrochlore phase were obtained from the analysis of “rosettes” and respective X‐ray diffraction intensities which helped to determine various parameters associated with phase kinetics (n, k, and activation energy, Ea) and accompanying growth. The effective activation energies of perovskite transition and growth were found to be 332 ± 11 kJ/mol (345 ± 11 kJ/mol) and 114 ± 10 kJ/mol (122 ± 10 kJ/mol), respectively, for pure amorphous only (and mixed amorphous and pyrochlore) phase following nucleation‐growth controlled Avrami's equation. A linear growth rate (n∼1) for the perovskite phase indicates predominant interface‐controlled process and diffusion‐limited phenomena thus inhibiting rosette size owing to reactant depletion and soft impingement at the grain boundary. However, the growth behavior is isotropic in two‐dimension parallel to the plane of the substrates for both sample series. Lead loss was severe for in‐situ growth and RTP combined with conventional furnace annealing than those of RTP only films, which were closer to stoichiometric albeit with excess lead and marginal oxygen vacancies (Vo).
Evaluation of psychometric properties of Turkish version of assessment of work performance among adults with mild intellectual disabilities
Authors: Davutoğlu Ceren , Temizkan Ege , Özberk Eren Halil , Aran Orkun Tahir 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundAssessment of work performance (AWP) is a test for assessing work performance and can be utilised in matching person‐work and applying effective interventions. It was aimed to adjust and to evaluate the validity and reliability of AWP in Turkish with individuals with mild intellectual disability (ID).MethodsThe study was conducted with 243 individuals with mild ID. Of the 243 participants, data gathered from 105 individuals was used to conduct exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and remaining data (138 individuals) was used to conduct confirmatory factor analysis. Internal consistency, construct validity, test–retest reliability, criterion‐related validity and inter‐rater reliability were analyzed.ResultsThe AWP showed average to good reliability for individuals with mild ID. The construct validity and internal consistency of the AWP were confirmed with satisfying results; test–retest reliability (ICC >0.92) and inter‐rater reliability (ICC >0.90) were excellent for all domains. The EFA resulted three factors, explaining 66.46% variance; and CFA resulted average fit.ConclusionAWP is valid and reliable for evaluating the working performances of individuals with mild ID.
Flood adaptation decision‐making for vulnerable locations using expectation–quantile–investment analysis
Authors: Teixeira Rui , Martinez‐Pastor Beatriz , Vucinic Luka , O'Connor Alan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFloods represent one of the major challenges facing human societies. The impacts caused by them are extensive, and efficient flood adaptation will play a key role in the current century. The present work proposes a new approach to decision‐making in flood adaptation aimed at achieving robust adaptation decisions. It consists in evaluating decisions on a triaxial basis that considers expectation, probability quantile and investment in a so‐called expectation–quantile–investment (EQI) evaluation. With such approach it is possible to understand the influence of uncertainties in the probabilistic response of adaptation. While adaptation should minimise expected total costs, it needs also to be robust for competitive levels of investment. Transfer curves that relate events with outcomes are used to infer on the probabilistic character of decisions in a case study of a vulnerable location. Results show that EQI‐informed decisions can distinguish optimality in apparently competitive measures. It is shown that decisions based on one‐dimensional or two‐dimensional aspects of this triaxial rationale may fail to identify important probabilistic outcomes of adaptation, such as, the possibility of large losses with relevant probability of occurrence; and that are of high relevance when uncertainty considerations need to be enclosed in the analysis of adaptation.
Efficacy of oral sulfate tablets for bowel preparation and adenoma detection rate
Authors: Song Ji Hyun , Bae Jung Ho , Yim Jeong Yoon 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and AimThe adenoma detection rate (ADR), which is closely related to bowel preparation, is the most important factor for colonoscopy quality assessment. New oral sulfate tablets (OSTs) have been developed to improve bowel preparation compliance. This study evaluated the efficacy of OSTs in terms of the ADR and bowel preparation status.MethodsMedical records of subjects under the age of 65 who underwent colonoscopy from March 2019 to February 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Polyethylene glycol with ascorbic acid (PEG‐A) was used as a bowel preparation for the first half of the study period, and OSTs were used for the second half. In total, 16 971 subjects were included in the study: 9199 (54.2%) used PEG‐A, and 7772 (45.8%) used OSTs. Bowel cleansing quality was assessed by the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS).ResultsThe average age was 50 years. The rate of adequate bowel preparation was higher in the OST group than in the PEG‐A group (97.2% vs 95.0%, P < 0.001). The mean BBPS was also higher in the OST group (8.02 vs 7.75, P < 0.001). The adenomas per colonoscopy (APC), the ADR and the sessile serrated polyp detection rate (SSPDR) were higher in the OST group than in the PEG‐A group (APC 0.56 ± 1.01 vs 0.48 ± 0.91, P < 0.001; ADR 34.5% vs 30.7%, P < 0.001; SSPDR 5.2% vs 3.3%, P < 0.001).ConclusionsCompared with PEG‐A, OSTs yielded superior APC, ADRs, SSPDRs, and better bowel cleanliness. Therefore, OSTs are a good alternative for patients who have difficulty taking large‐volume bowel preparation formulations.
A photo‐based communication intervention to promote diet‐related discussions among older adults with multi‐morbidity
Authors: Jih Jane , Nguyen Antony , Woo Jasmin , Tran Wen‐Ching , Wang Abby , Gonzales Nikko , Fung Jennifer , Callejas Jackeline , Nguyen Tung T. , Ritchie Christine S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about how to best communicate with older adults about dietary behaviors and related factors in complex chronic disease care. Photo‐based communication could promote efficient information exchange and activate patients to effectively communicate their lived experiences. We conducted a pilot study to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a photo‐based patient‐clinician communication intervention to promote dietary discussions in geriatric primary care.MethodsOlder adult patients with 2+ concurrent chronic conditions received in‐person training on photo‐taking with a smartphone before taking photos in response to the prompt, “What aspects of your everyday life affect what you eat and how much you have to eat?” Patients then shared photos and their narratives with their primary care clinician during a clinic visit. Patients and clinicians completed separate audio‐recorded post‐visit interviews to assess perspectives on the intervention. Interview transcripts were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach.ResultsFourteen patient‐clinician dyads completed the study. All except one patient‐clinician dyad (93%) completed the intervention as trained. 93% of patients and 86% of clinicians reported that they would “definitely” or “probably” be willing to engage in a future visit with photo‐sharing. Patients and clinicians shared similar perspectives on how sharing of photos during the visit enhanced communication and information exchange about dietary practices and other health‐related factors, influenced clinical recommendations made during the visits, and strengthened the patient‐clinician relationship.ConclusionIncorporation of a photo‐based patient‐clinician communication intervention to promote discussions regarding diet and other health‐related factors could be a patient‐centered strategy to help deliver comprehensive geriatric primary care.
Exploring the experiences of pregnant women in the U.S. during the first year of the Covid‐19 pandemic
Authors: Williams Courtney E. , Berkowitz Dana , Rackin Heather M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we integrate the stress process model with symbolic interactionism to frame our analysis of interviews with 35 women who were pregnant and/or gave birth during the first year of the Covid‐19 pandemic. We detail three stressors, highlight their variation, and discuss how they coped with these stressors. Women reported having to navigate contradictory information about the public health crisis, but Black participants simultaneously endured added strain from a heightened awareness of racialized violence. To cope with an overabundance of precarious and contradictory messages, some women sought out information (i.e., information gatherers), others eschewed information (i.e., information avoiders), and most established protective “bubbles.” Next, women experienced disruptions in pregnancy rituals but coped by reframing their expectations. This stressor, however, was less acute for women with a prior birth. Third, women shared feelings of social isolation and reduced social support, which were intensified if pregnancy complications occurred. Women coped by relying on telecommunication and at‐home monitoring devices. Our study shows how pregnant women experienced and coped through adversity to mitigate stressors amid pandemonium.
Morpho‐molecular identification, characterization and management of Pythium catenulatum, the causative agent of root rot disease in Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)
Authors: Dubey Manish Kumar , Aamir Mohd , Zehra Andleeb , Yadav Mukesh , Kumari Punam , Gajbhiye Milind H. , Upadhyay Ram Sanmukh 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this study, we identified and characterize a plant pathogenic isolate, collected from naturally infested bean (Phaseolus vulgaris var. Anupama) seedlings presenting root rot symptoms from an agricultural land of the Prayagraj district, Uttar Pradesh, India. Based on morphological features, growth characteristics and the ITS sequencing‐based molecular data, the isolate was assumed very closed to the species of the Pythium genera. However, ITS sequencing data and the BLAST results for gene annotation clustered the identified isolate more closely to the Pythium catenulatum (p‐value e‐value), and therefore, confirmed as P. catenulatum. The pathogenicity assay confirmed the role of the isolate as a root rot causing pathogen. Furthermore, the isolate was tested for its growth under in‐vitro conditions against several environmental parameters including temperature, pH, salt, drought and metals. The Biolog FF MicroPlate method assessed the carbon utilization profile and reported the ability of the isolate in utilizing both carbohydrates and amino acids as a primary energy source. Moreover, in‐vitro colony growth inhibition assay performed with different agrochemicals (fungicides and insecticides) and the dyes determined their efficacy in suppressing the growth and development of the isolated pathogen. The dual culture assay of the isolate along with several fungal and bacterial strains confirmed the antagonistic potential of some tested microbes in delimiting the growth of the pathogen. Overall, the study provides a new sustainable, effective and eco‐friendly solution for controlling the root rot pathogen.
Tonic REM sleep muscle activity is the strongest predictor of phenoconversion risk to neurodegenerative disease in isolated REM sleep behaviour disorder
Authors: Singh Ankur , Williams Stevie , Calabrese Angela , Riha Renata 
Published: December 2022

SummaryPrevious studies have shown that rapid eye movement sleep without atonia during polysomnography can predict the risk of phenoconversion to neurodegenerative disease in patients with isolated rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. Discrepancy remains with regards to the morphology of rapid eye movement sleep without atonia that best predicts phenoconversion risk. This study aimed to ascertain the predictive value of tonic, phasic and mixed rapid eye movement sleep without atonia in patients with isolated rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder, at time of diagnosis. Sixty‐four patients with polysomnography‐confirmed isolated rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder, including 19 who phenoconverted during follow‐up, were identified from an existing database. Tonic, phasic, mixed and “any” rapid eye movement sleep without atonia activity from the mentalis, tibialis anterior and flexor digitorum superficialis muscles was analysed blind to status using the diagnostic polysomnography. Rapid eye movement sleep without atonia variables were compared between converters and non‐converters. Rapid eye movement sleep without atonia cut‐offs predicting phenoconversion were established using receiver‐operating characteristic analysis. The mean follow‐up duration was 5.50 ± 4.73 years. Phenoconverters (n = 19) had significantly higher amounts of tonic (22.2 ± 19.1%, p = 0.0014), mixed (18.1 ± 14.1%, p = 0.0074) and “any” (mentalis muscle; 58.7 ± 28.0%, p = 0.0009) and all muscles (68.0 ± 20.8%, p = 0.0049) rapid eye movement sleep without atonia at diagnosis than non‐converters. Optimal rapid eye movement sleep without atonia cut‐off values predicting phenoconversion were 5.8% for tonic (73.7% sensitivity; 75.6% specificity), 7.3% for mixed (68.4% sensitivity; 73.3% specificity) and 43.6% for “any” (mentalis muscle; 68.4% sensitivity; 80.0% specificity) activity. “Any” (mentalis muscle) rapid eye movement sleep without atonia had the highest area under the curve (0.809) followed by tonic (0.799). The percentage of tonic rapid eye movement sleep without atonia was the strongest biomarker of phenoconversion in this cohort of patients with isolated rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder.
Effects of thermal processing on the texture and collagen characteristics of ready‐to‐eat chicken claw
Authors: Tang Cheng , Zhou Kai , Xie Yong , Ma Yunhao , Zhu Yichen , Zhang Wendi , Wang Zhaoming , Zhou Hui , Xu Baocai 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe effects of thermal processing on the texture and collagen properties of ready‐to‐eat chicken claws were investigated and the relationship between the texture of chicken claws and the collagen properties of connective tissue was further discussed. The texture, sensory and collagen characteristics (content, solubility, and structure), and the degradation of insoluble collagen of chicken claws underwent thermal processing at 90°C/30 min, 100°C/30 min, 115°C/15 min, and 121°C/10 min were measured. The results showed that thermal processing significantly reduced the textural parameters (hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, chewiness, and resilience) of chicken claws, and the textural deterioration intensified with the increase in temperature. Thermal processing aggravated the degradation of collagen fibers in cooked chicken claws, resulting in decreased insoluble collagen content and increased collagen solubility. Moreover, higher thermal processing temperature produced more soluble collagen components composed of low‐molecular weight peptides. The textural deterioration of chicken claws caused by thermal processing was related to the decrease of insoluble collagen content and the increase of content of soluble collagen composed of low‐molecular weight peptides. On the one hand, the decreased of insoluble collagen content led to the weakening of connective tissue. On the other hand, low‐molecular weight peptides hindered the cooling renaturation of soluble collagen, leading to the formation of gels with poor mechanical properties.