bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The characteristics and clinical relevance of tumor fusion burden in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: He Lirui , Ren Dandan , Lv Guoqing , Mao Beibei , Wu Lijia , Liu Xiaoyu , Gong Longlong , Liu Ping 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundRecent studies suggest that tumor fusion burden (TFB) is a hallmark of immune infiltration in prostate cancer, the correlation of TFB with immune microenvironment, and genomic patterns in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSC) remain largely unclear.MethodsGene fusion, genomic, transcriptomic, and clinical data of HNSC patients from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database were collected to analyze the correlation of TFB with mutation patterns, tumor immune microenvironment, and survival time in HNSC patients.ResultsHuman papillomavirus (HPV) (−) patients with low TFB exhibited significantly enhanced CD8+ T cells infiltration and cytolysis activity and increased level of interferon‐gamma (IL‐γ), human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I, and chemokines. Moreover, TFB was positively correlated with TP53 mutation, score of gene copy number, and loss of heterozygosity (LOH), as well as the biological progress of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), metastasis, and stem cell characteristics. Further analysis revealed that HPV (−) HNSC patients with low TFB have a better prognosis.ConclusionsOur data revealed the correlation of TFB with tumor immune microenvironment and predictive features for immunotherapy, implying tumors with low TFB may be potential candidates for immunotherapeutic agents. Moreover, the TFB low group had prolonged overall survival (OS) in the HPV (−) HNSC cohort.
The Potential Involvement of SARS‐CoV‐2 in the Immuno‐Pathogenesis of a Type A Aortic Dissection Case
Authors: Alizadehasl Azin , Eslami Samira , Vakili Kimia , Habibi Khorasani Shirin , Pour Aliakbar Hamidreza , Nezhadbahram Hanieh , Haghazali Mehrdad 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) may represent different clinical manifestations with different severities, from mild to severe. Even though the respiratory system is the mainly involved organ, numerous reports have mentioned cardiovascular complications in COVID‐19. Herein, we report a case of type A aortic dissection in a COVID‐19 patient.
Cavernous hemangioma of mesentery involving the jejunum causing intestinal obstruction in an adult male
Authors: Thapa Srijana , Koirala Udaya , Joshi Bijendra Dhoj , Baniya Anish , Pokhrel Bidushi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe present a rare case of a 45‐year‐old man with abdominal pain and features suggestive of intestinal obstruction. The CT scan of the abdomen demonstrated a large mesenteric mass involving the distal segment of jejunum. Surgical excision of the lesion and histopathological examination revealed the diagnosis of cavernous hemangioma.
Dilemma of Tocilizumab therapy for a patient with critical COVID‐19 disease and neutropenia: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Al Bishawi Ahmad , Abdalla Shiema , Askar Marwa , Kanjo Wael , Sameer Amal , Mustafa Gihan , Abdel Hadi Hamad , Al Maslamani Muna , Abdelmajid Alaaeldin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractInfection following SARS‐Co V‐2 leading to COVID‐19 disease is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The clinical entity, COVID‐19 cytokine storm syndrome (CSS) is a severe immunological manifestation of the disease associated with ominous consequences. Tocilizumab is interleukin‐6 inhibitors that has been shown to hamper the catastrophic outcomes of CCS including the need for mechanical ventilation as well as reduce mortality, but the usage is limited by warnings of reactivation of potential latent infections or immune dysfunctions including severe neutropenia. We describe a case of 39‐year‐old Nepalese male patient with a background of scleritis maintained on azathioprine and rituximab therapy with normal baseline parameters including complete blood count who presented with acute COVID‐19 infection including associated leukopenia as well as severe neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count of 300 cells/µl), then progressed to critical disease culminating into CSS. Based on risks and benefits evaluation, the patient was treated with tocilizumab reinforced with granulocytes‐colony stimulating factor (G‐CSF, Filgrastim) to full recovery and safe outcome including reversal of neutropenia.
Alchemie im Alten China
Authors: Priesner Claus 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungFrancisci war zu seiner Zeit einer der meistgelesenen deutschen Schriftsteller und beeinflusste mit seinen Werken Gelehrte und Dichter. Er war auf der Höhe seiner Zeit, hochgebildet, sehr belesen und verstand es, viele Einzelthemen synoptisch zusammenzuführen. Damit hat er sein Hauptziel erreicht, nämlich das Wissen, das sich in diversen Einzelwerken fand, in barocker Manier zu systematisieren und so aufzubereiten, dass für eine gebildete Leserschaft ein Gesamtbild der weiten Welt außerhalb Europas entstand. Diese Darstellung soll dazu beitragen, Erasmus Francisci zumindest ein wenig aus der Vergessenheit zurückzuholen.
Evidence of Hot Charge Carrier Transfer in Hybrid CsPbBr3/Functionalized Graphene
Authors: Ghosh Goutam , Marjit Kritiman , Ghosh Srijon , Ghosh Debarati , Patra Amitava 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLead halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) are extremely important as an absorber material for hot carrier (HC) solar cells. The extraction of the above‐bandgap excess energy of HC is essential to improve the device‘s performance. The fundamental understanding of the HC transfer process at the perovskite interface remains challenging. We have investigated the hot‐electron transfer dynamics at hybrid CsPbBr3/ thiol functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGo−Ph−SH) using ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy. Analysis reveals the significant drop in HC carrier temperature (from 1040 to 700 K) and HC cooling time (from 530 to 250 fs) in hybrid CsPbBr3/rGO−Ph−SH, suggesting the efficient hot electron transfer from CsPbBr3 NCs to surface anchored rGo−Ph−SH. We examine the HC relaxation mechanism using the electron‐longitudinal optical (LO) phonon coupling model and confirm the hot electron transfer. Here, we found that the hot‐electron transfer is three times faster than band‐edge electron transfer, with a maximum transfer efficiency of 43%. These findings shed new light on the study of the HC dynamics that could be beneficial for optoelectronic devices.
Quality assessment for terrestrial digital video broadcast over optical wireless communication‐passive optical network under moderately turbulent regime with spatial diversity
Authors: Gill HarpuneetSingh , Singh Maninder Lal , Singh Mandeep , Priyanka  , Kaur Sehajpal 
Published: May 2022

SummaryThe preceding decade has seen successful rollout of 5G and convergence of broadcast broadband and telecom sector. The near future bandwidth demands for services such as advanced immersive multimedia are even more challenging. This has led to advent of 6G. The access technologies need to provide virtually unlimited data rates to support majority of applications in 6G. The optical wireless communication (OWC) with its inherent advantages is a potential enabler in this scenario. However, phenomenon such as atmospheric turbulence poses a serious degradation to performance of such systems. For multimedia services, end user perception is the ultimate quality indicator. To ascertain this quality in quantitative terms, full reference quality metrics are employed for communication purposes. In this paper, digital video broadcasting terrestrial (DVB‐T) videos with varying complexities are transmitted over OWC‐passive optical network (PON) architecture. For performance enhancement 2 × 2 repetitive coding MIMO is employed with maximal ratio combining receiver. A total of 6 video quality assessment (VQA) metrics are evaluated for the system w.r.t channel parameter as Rytov variance. For all the VQA metrics, an enhancement in the performance is observed by using MIMO technique. This performance improvement is more prominent for more complex video as compared to less complex video. As for the limiting case BER of 10−3 gives a limiting link distance of 1350 m; however with VQA metrics, the limiting case distance is 1280 m. By the use of 2 × 2 MIMO techniques, this distance enhances by 20–25 m.
Positive association of glucagon with bone turnover markers in type 2 diabetes: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Guo Hui , Sui Chunhua , Ge Shaohong , Cai Jian , Lin Dongping , Guo Yuyu , Wang Ningjian , Zhou Ying , Ying Rong , Zha Kexi , Gu Tao , Zhao Yan , Lu Yingli , An Zengmei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimsThe osteo‐metabolic changes in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients are intricate and have not been fully revealed. It is not clear whether glucagon is entirely harmful in the pathogenesis of diabetes or a possible endocrine counter‐regulation mechanism to reverse some abnormal bone metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the association between glucagon and bone turnover markers (BTMs) in T2D patients.MethodsA total of 3984 T2D participants were involved in a cross‐sectional study in Shanghai, China. Serum glucagon was measured to elucidate its associations with intact N‐terminal propeptide of type I collagen (P1NP), osteocalcin (OC), andβ‐C‐terminal telopeptide (β‐CTX). Glucagon was detected with a radioimmunoassay. Propeptide of type I collagen, OC, andβ‐CTX were detected using chemiluminescence. The diagnosis of T2D was based on American Diabetes Association criteria.ResultsThe concentration of glucagon was positively correlated with two BTMs [OC–β: 0.034, 95% CI: 0.004, 0.051,p = 0.024; CTX–β: 0.035, 95% CI: 0.004, 0.062,p = 0.024]. The result of P1NP was [P1NP–regression coefficient (β): 0.027, 95% CI: −0.003, 0.049,p = 0.083]. In the glucagon tertiles,Pfor trend of the BTMs is [P1NP: 0.031; OC: 0.038; CTX: 0.020], respectively.ConclusionsGlucagon had a positive effect on bone metabolism. The concentrations of the three BTMs increased as glucagon concentrations rose. This implied that glucagon might speed up skeletal remodelling, accelerate osteogenesis, and promote the formation of mature bone tissue. At the same time, the osteoclastic process was also accelerated, providing raw materials for osteogenesis to preserve the dynamic balance. In view of the successful use of single‐molecule as well as dual/triple agonists, it would be feasible to develop a preparation that would reduce osteoporosis in diabetic patients.
Assessing Myf5 and Lbx1 contribution to carapace development by reproducing their turtle‐specific signatures in mouse embryos
Authors: Tekko Triin , Lozovska Anastasiia , Nóvoa Ana , Mallo Moisés 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe turtle carapace is an evolutionary novelty resulting from changes in the processes that build ribs and their associated muscles in most tetrapod species. Turtle embryos have several unique features that might play a role in this process, including the carapacial ridge, a Myf5 gene with shorter coding region that generates an alternative splice variant lacking exon 2, and unusual expression patterns of Lbx1 and HGF.ResultsWe investigated these turtle‐specific expression differences using genetic approaches in mouse embryos. At mid‐gestation, mouse embryos producing Myf5 transcripts lacking exon 2 replicated some early properties of turtle somites, but still developed into viable and fertile mice. Extending Lbx1 expression into the hypaxial dermomyotomal lip of trunk somites to mimic the turtle Lbx1 expression pattern, produced fusions in the distal part of the ribs.ConclusionsTurtle‐like Myf5 activity might generate a plastic state in developing trunk somites under which they can either enter carapace morphogenetic routes, possibly triggered by signals from the carapacial ridge, or still engage in the development of a standard tetrapod ribcage in the absence of those signals. In addition, trunk Lbx1 expression might play a later role in the formation of the lateral border of the carapace.
How do geomorphic characteristics affect the source of tree water uptake in restored river floodplains?
Authors: Engel Michael , Frentress Jay , Penna Daniele , Andreoli Andrea , van Meerveld Ilja , Zerbe Stefan , Tagliavini Massimo , Comiti Francesco 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAlpine rivers and their floodplains have been highly modified by human activities during the last decades. River restoration projects aim to counteract these negative impacts and to restore ecosystem services provided by riparian habitats. We studied two recently restored river sites in the Ahr/Aurino and Mareit/Mareta Rivers (Italian Alps) to investigate how geomorphic conditions, soil moisture, and groundwater level affect the source of water used by grey alder (Alnus incana (L.) Moench). We compared the isotopic composition (δ2H) of tree sap at different locations (low terraces formed during bed incision and recent floodplains formed after restoration) with that of potential water sources, that is, groundwater, soil water, and rainfall. The monthly variation in the isotopic composition of rainfall was reflected in both shallow and deeper soil water, as well as in the isotopic composition of sap. The redistribution of precipitation and groundwater in the soil differed between the post‐restoration floodplain sites and the post‐incision terraces, leading to a different relation between the sap water, soil water, and groundwater isotopic composition. The results show that transpiration of A. incana trees growing on recent floodplains is mostly supported by stream‐fed soil water, whereas trees growing on terraces mainly use precipitation‐fed soil water. These marked, morphology‐related differences in the source of transpiration water of grey alder highlight how channel degradation still affects the ecohydrological processes in Alpine fluvial corridors. Nonetheless, large restoration interventions—in terms of channel widening—can enable the self‐formation of new floodplain areas characterized by stream water‐fed riparian ecosystems.
Synchronized diaphragmatic stimulation for heart failure using the VisONE system: a first‐in‐patient study
Authors: Jorbendaze Ana , Young Robin , Shaburishvili Tamaz , Demyanchuk Vitaly , Buriak Roman , Todurov Borys , Rudenko Kostyantyn , Zuber Michel , Stämpfli Simon F. , Tanner Felix C. , Erne Paul , Mirro Michael , Fudim Marat , Goldberg Lee R. , Cleland John G.F. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimsSynchronized diaphragmatic stimulation (SDS) modulates intrathoracic and intra‐abdominal pressures with favourable effects on cardiac function for patients with a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and heart failure (HFrEF). VisONE‐HF is a first‐in‐patient, observational study assessing the feasibility and 1 year effects of a novel, minimally invasive SDS device.Methods and resultsThe SDS system comprises a pulse generator and two laparoscopically delivered, bipolar, active‐fixation leads on the inferior diaphragmatic surface. Fifteen symptomatic men with HFrEF and ischaemic heart disease receiving guideline‐recommended therapy were enrolled (age 60 [56, 67] years, New York Heart Association class II [53%] /III [47%], LVEF 27 [23, 33] %, QRSd 117 [100, 125] ms, & N terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide [NT‐proBNP] 1779 [911, 2,072] pg/mL). Implant success was 100%. Patients were evaluated at 3, 6, and 12 months for device‐related or lead‐related complications, quality of life (SF‐36 QOL), 6 min hall walk distance (6MHWd), and by echocardiography. No implant procedure or SDS‐related adverse event occurred, and patients were unaware of diaphragmatic stimulation. By 12 months, left ventricular end‐systolic volume decreased (136 [123, 170] mL to 98 [89, 106] mL; P = 0.05), 6MHWd increased (315 [300, 330] m to 340 [315, 368] m; P = 0.004), and SF‐36 QOL improved (physical scale 0 [0, 0] to 25 [0, 50], P = 0.006; emotional scale 0 [0, 33] to 33 [33, 67], P = 0.001). Although neither reached statistical significance, LVEF decreased (28 [23, 40]% vs. 34 [29, 38]%; P = ns) and NT‐proBNP was lower (1784 [920, 2540] pg/mL vs. 1492 [879, 2028] pg/mL; P = ns).ConclusionsThese data demonstrate the feasibility of laparoscopic implantation and delivery of SDS without raising safety concerns. These encouraging findings should be investigated further in adequately powered randomized trials.
Role of depressive symptoms in the prognosis of heart failure and its potential clinical predictors
Authors: Duan Jiahao , Huang Kai , Zhang Xinying , Wang Ruting , Chen Zijun , Wu Zifeng , Huang Chaoli , Yang Chun , Yang Ling 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimsThis study aims to analyse the factors associated with prognosis in hospitalized patients with heart failure, particularly the role of depressive symptoms, and to develop a prediction model for depressive symptoms based on clinical characteristics in hospitalized patients with heart failure.Methods and resultsBaseline information was collected at admission, and patients were followed up after discharge. The endpoint events were being hospitalized for heart failure or all‐cause death. Depressive symptoms were evaluated and defined via the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)‐2 and PHQ‐9. The bidirectional elimination was used to screen independent predictors of heart failure with depression symptoms. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) optimized the predictor variables, and the prediction model was constructed. The model was internally validated by the bootstrap sampling method (Bootstrap), and its performance was assessed by discrimination and calibration. The mean age of patients with heart failure was 69.43 ± 12.15 years, and the proportion of males was 66.67%. The prevalence of depressive symptoms in hospitalized patients with heart failure was 46.83%, and the prevalence of moderate/severe depressive symptoms was 11.62%. Eighty cases (30.30%) were readmitted for heart failure, and 13 cases (4.92%) were all‐cause deaths. Depressive symptoms (HR = 2.43, 95% CI: 1.55–3.80) and the PHQ‐9 score (HR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.06–1.16) were both independent risk factors for endpoint events (P < 0.001). For heart failure patients combined with depressive symptoms, obesity (OR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.09–0.77, P = 0.015), N‐terminal brain natriuretic peptide precursor (NT‐proBNP) level (lnNT‐proBNP: OR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.20–2.01, P < 0.001) and red blood cell distribution width (RDW) (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.08–1.47, P = 0.004) were the independent factors. Six variables, including cardiovascular disease hospitalization history, obesity, renal insufficiency, NT‐proBNP level, neutrophil ratio and RDW, were included to construct the prediction model. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.730 in the original data, and the calibration curve was approximately distributed along the reference line in Bootstrap (500 resamplings), indicating the high level of discrimination and calibration of this model.ConclusionsDepressive symptoms and the PHQ‐9 score are both independent risk factors for the prognosis of hospitalized patients with heart failure. In hospitalized patients with heart failure, the risk prediction model developed in this study has good predictive power for depressive symptoms.
Distinct immune profiles of HIV‐infected subjects are linked to specific lipid mediator signature
Authors: Sips Magdalena , Gerlo Sarah , De Clercq Laura , Gomez Esteban A. , Colas Romain A. , Dalli Jesmond , Vandekerckhove Linos 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroduction:To date, with no prophylactic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine available, HIV incidence rates remain undefeated. Despite full virological suppression, HIV+ individuals exhibit a higher rate of cardiovascular disorders and cancers what is attributed to the residual, persistent levels of immune activation.Methods:We have established the Virological and Immunological Monitoring (VIM) platform and forty VIM samples that included treated immunological responders (IRs) or nonresponders (INRs), viremic untreated subjects and uninfected controls, were phenotyped by flow cytometry and plasma was used to quantify proinflammatory eicosanoids and the specialized proresolving mediators by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.Results:While HIV infection profoundly altered lipid mediator (LM) profile, differences were also seen in patients on viral suppressive therapy. IRs exhibited higher levels of proresolving mediators as compared to INRs and notable differences in plasma LM were also seen in early and late treated individuals.Conclusions:This study demonstrated distortions in proinflammatory/proresolution processes in infected patients including those with controlled viremia.
The effect of quantization at different resolutions on the classification of lesion texture in dermoscopic images using support vector machine
Authors: Mahmoud‐Ghoneim Doaa 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDermoscopic images have been recently used for automated diagnosis of skin lesions with successful results and a potential for widescale applications. Cooccurrence matrix (COM) is a statistical method of texture feature extraction that remains possibly the most interpretable and expandable method in its category. COM is investigated on four groups of dermoscopic images (high resolution ROI: HRR, medium resolution ROI: MRR, low resolution ROI: LRR, and mixed resolution: MixR), using three different gray level quantization values (b = 25, 15, and 8). Three skin regions were outlined: melanoma, common nevi, and normal skin. Texture features were extracted then Support Vector Machine (SVM) was used as a machine learning classification algorithm. Sensitivity, specificity, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC), were calculated and compared. In the classification processes that involved either melanoma or common nevi against normal skin, MRR at quantization value b = 15 showed an effective and a high‐performance choice. On the other hand, when classification involved the two lesions, melanoma, and common nevi, quantization value b = 25 showed best results at both HRR and MRR. A high quantization value at intermediate resolution shows to be an effective choice that balances performance with calculation cost. In all cases, quantization at b = 8 deteriorated the classification output even at high resolution. MixR showed good results when normal skin was classified against either type of lesion. In conclusion, selecting the appropriate quantization is a crucial factor that outweighs resolution effect by itself, and can significantly alter the SVM‐COM model performance in automated skin cancer diagnosis.
Serotonin transporter gene methylation and emotional regulation in preschool children born preterm: A longitudinal evaluation of the role of negative emotionality in infancy
Authors: Mascheroni Eleonora , Schiavolin Paola , Mariani Wigley Isabella Lucia Chiara , Giorda Roberto , Pozzoli Uberto , Morandi Francesco , Fontana Camilla , Mosca Fabio , Fumagalli Monica , Montirosso Rosario 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe aim of the study was to assess the contribution of negative emotionality at 3 months (T1) and serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) DNA methylation at 4.5 years of age (T2) to emotion regulation in pre‐schoolers born very preterm and full‐term. Forty one children (n = 21 born very preterm, n = 20 born full‐term) participated in the study. Fretful behavior was assessed at T1 in response to the Face‐to‐FaceStill‐Face (FFSF) paradigm. At T2, SLC6A4 DNA methylation was analyzed and emotion regulation was assessed using an observational procedure (i.e., the Pre‐schooler Regulation of Emotional Stress, PRES). The very preterm group displayed higher emotion dysregulation during the PRES Reactivity phase than the full‐term group. Higher levels of fretful behavior at 3 months were associated with greater emotional distress only for very preterm children with higher methylation at T2. No significant associations emerged in the full‐term group. Despite current findings cannot be generalized owing to the relatively small sample size, this work provides preliminary longitudinal evidence about the link between negative emotionality during infancy, stress‐linked epigenetic status at 4.5 years and emotion dysregulation in preschoolers born preterm.