bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Cutibacterium acnes Infection on Nerve Penetration in the Annulus Fibrosus of Lumbar Intervertebral Discs via Suppressing Oxidative Stress
Authors: Shan Zhi , Wang Xianjun , Zong Wentian , Li Jie , Zheng Bingjie , Huang Bao , Zhang Xuyang , Chen Jian , Huang Yue 
Published: February 2022

Modic changes (MCs) and low back pain are highly correlated and an economic burden to the society. Previous studies have shown that Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) infection can lead to MCs. The purpose of this study was to clarify whether and how C. acnes contributes to oxidative stress and nerve growth that potentially leads to low back pain. Neurons from the hippocampus or dorsal root ganglion (DRG) of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were cocultured with annulus fibrosus cells (AFCs) with or without the presence of the C. acnes supernatant in vitro. Cell viability, neurite length, oxidative stress, and neuro-related gene expression were examined. Furthermore, samples from the patients with MCs and SD rat model of MCs were used to validate the nerve growth results. Neurons from both the hippocampus and DRG showed neurites when cocultured with AFCs in the environment with/without the C. acnes supernatant. The average neurite length was significantly longer when exposed to the C. acnes supernatant in the hippocampal neuron (

217.1
±
90.0

μ
m

versus

150.1
±
68.1

μ
m

in the control group) and in the DRG neuron (

229.1
±
91.3

μ
m

versus

149.2
±
64.8

μ
m

in the control group). Hippocampal neurons showed upregulated expression levels of NeuN, Map2, and Psd95, while upregulation was only seen in Tuj-1 in DRG neurons. Suppressed oxidative stress could be observed using axon growth symbols. Degenerated disc structures and abnormal bone remodelling were found in animal models and clinical samples of MCs, with astrocytes, microglia, and neurons in the disc. Therefore, C. acnes infection was found to cause back pain in the presence of MCs by promoting nerve penetration into the annulus fibrosus by suppressing oxidative stress.
A Space for the Subject: Tracing Garden Culture in Muslim Russia
Authors: Bustanov Alfrid K. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This article examines the place occupied by garden culture in the mental landscape of Russia’s Muslims from the early nineteenth century to the late Socialist era. First taken from the Qur’an as a symbol of eternal salvation, the idea that gardens might embody both aesthetic and metaphysical values was further articulated by traveling missionaries with Sufi affiliations. This idea was afterwards absorbed by the generation of students graduated from Central Asian madrasas who, in the first half of the nineteenth century, brought the fashion for having gardens back to their home villages in European Russia. Gardens built or imagined by Muslims in European Russia had a history of their own, developing from the classical vision of heavenly gardens in Qur’anic exegesis into what became a central spatial category in Sufi tradition. In post-war Soviet Russia a place of piety was rethought as dacha—the entire process reflecting the evolution of Muslim subjectivity over the last few centuries.
Pavilions to Celebrate Honest Officials: An Authenticity Dilemma in Fifteenth-Century China
Authors: Schneewind Sarah 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The article centers on the celebration of Wenzhou Prefect He Wenyuan (1385–1457)’s moral integrity in a building called the “Lodge of Spurned Gold.” Building on historian Ying Zhang’s conception of late-Ming Confucian image politics, in which gentrymen and officials faced an “authenticity crisis,” the article introduces a new concept, the “authenticity dilemma.” A person faces an authenticity dilemma when his or her virtue is questioned precisely because it has been celebrated. The article shows that He rejected an illegal gift intended as a bribe, in a way that may have gone against social norms. The monument to his act accorded with orthodox encouragement of honesty in others, being based on celebrations of Han and Tang exemplars. Despite having clashed with bureaucratic colleagues and emperors, He won state recognition for his excellent service to the people of Wenzhou prefecture and until he was promoted to high office at court there was no question about his honesty. Yet his biographer worked hard to argue that He deserved the honors he won in Wenzhou, because changes in personnel policies and factional fighting meant that He was impeached at court for having “stolen a reputation,” based on the building of the Lodge. On the model of the Lodge, a number of other officials, beginning with envoys sent overseas, were honored for their honesty with “Spurned-Gold Pavilions” (que jin ting 卻金亭). Their multiplication and painter Wen Zhengming’s involvement further undermined He’s reputation, sharpening the authenticity dilemma. As a result, earlier stories of He’s life were reshaped to insist on his deep honesty, at the expense of historical details of the incident.
Capitalism in Khiva: Cash Waqf or Cash Loan?
Authors: Khaliyarov Alisher 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This article examines the sharp increase of cash waqf endowments in the Khivan Khanate and the circumstances of their usage during the final decades of the nineteenth century. This research supports the conclusion that the rise of monetization in the economy prompted the rapid emergence of cash waqf endowments and led the administrators of such pious institutions to become personally involved in moneylending activities. Through an investigation of Khivan qāżī records, this article shows how cash waqf capital was utilized through bay‘-i jāʾiz, a type of moneylending agreement that became popular across much of the 19th-century Islamic world. It argues that the emergence of cash waqf and bayʿ-i jāʾiz agreements during this period is indicative of the influences of global industrial capitalism on the Khivan economy.
God as a Printer: On the Theological Status of Printing in the Kabbalistic Tradition of Israel Sarug
Authors: Baumgarten Eliezer 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Recent decades have witnessed a broad scholarly discussion of the cultural influences of the printing press Invention. The core of this revolved around the new technological influence on the concept of knowledge, its methods of dispersion, and on social changes that it engendered in the 16th century, when it became an affordable widespread technology. This article presents the way in which the spread of the printing press influenced conceptual paradigms of Kabbalists in general, and Lurianic Kabbalists from Sarug’s tradition in particular. These Kabbalists exchanged the traditional conception of creation as an act of writing, within the conception of the world as a written text, for conceptions of creation as a printing act and the world as a printed text. I show how the professional term ‘letterpress printing’ entered these Kabbalists’ descriptions of divine emanation, alongside their conceptualization of printing as a divine activity, as writing had been conceptualized previously.
Survivor of Right Atrial Appendage Rupture Following Blunt Chest Trauma
Authors: Read Meagan D. , Sunderland Michaelia S. , Laface Angela 
Published: February 2022

A 20-year-old woman presented to our trauma center with cardiac rupture after a motor vehicle collision. Our patient was the restrained driver in a high-speed collision. She arrived without external evidence of trauma but in obvious distress with tachycardia, tachypnea, and hypotension. Initial FAST was negative and chest x-ray; however, second FAST was equivocal for pericardial fluid. Computed tomography demonstrated a large hemopericardium, suspicious for cardiac injury. She underwent emergent operative exploration with a median sternotomy. A 1 cm right atrial appendage avulsion was identified and repaired primarily. She recovered uneventfully and was discharged home. Survival of blunt cardiac rupture is extremely rare and can occur in the absence of any external signs of trauma. Surgeons should maintain clinical suspicion for blunt cardiac injury in unstable trauma patients with deceleration injuries. Injury to the low-pressure right atrium likely contributed to her ability to survive transport to a trauma center.
Managing Vascular Trauma: Trauma Surgeons versus Vascular Surgeons
Authors: Harfouche Melike N , Kauvar David S , Feliciano David V , Dubose Joseph J 
Published: February 2022

Objectives Changes in vascular trauma care and trainee exposure to vascular surgery have raised questions regarding who should take care of vascular trauma patients. This study aimed to determine nationwide trends and perceptions regarding the management of vascular trauma amongst vascular and trauma surgeons. Material and Methods Online surveys were administered to trauma surgeons through the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) and to vascular surgeons through the Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Society (VESS) and Western Vascular Society (WVS) in February 2021. Demographics, practice-related information, and interest in, experience and comfort level with vascular trauma were queried. Trainees and those practicing outside the United States were excluded. Results were analyzed using Stata/BE v16.1. Results 247 surgeons were included in the final study population, of which 163 (66%) were trauma surgeons (T) and 84 (34%) were vascular surgeons (V). Vascular surgeons were younger (46 v 51y, P < .001) and had fewer years in practice (10 v 17y, P < .001). Vascular surgeons had greater experience and comfort with managing vascular trauma, but less interest in both vascular and endovascular trauma care when compared to trauma surgeons. Inability to maintain skillset (27%) and unfamiliarity with techniques (32%) were the most common barriers to practicing vascular trauma cited by trauma surgeons. Discussion Despite significant interest in practicing vascular trauma amongst trauma surgeons compared to vascular surgeons, most feel unprepared to do so. Collaboration between vascular and trauma surgeons could close the experience gap and appeal to the interests of both groups.
Reference intervals for thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyroxine, free triiodothyronine, and total triiodothyronine in the Lebanese adult population
Authors: Salameh Christy , Al Achkar Anis , El Boustany Joelle , Sleilaty Ghassan , Gannagé-Yared Marie-Hélène 
Published: February 2022

Background For a better assessment of thyroid function, each laboratory should establish its own reference intervals (RI). In Lebanon, no previous study has been conducted to establish the reference values for thyroid function tests. Methods This cross-sectional study included 301 volunteers aged between 18 and 65 years (65.8% women, 34.2% men), free from any thyroid pathology and any condition that could affect thyroid function tests. The reference intervals of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free T4 (FT4), free T3 (FT3), and total T3 (TT3) were measured on the Roche Cobas e411 machine. 39 subjects tested positive for thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) and/or thyroglobulin antibodies (TGAb), were excluded from the study. Results There was an increase in the 2.5th percentile for the TSH compared to the value provided by the manufacturer (from 0.27 to 0.53 mlU/L) as well as a decrease in the 97.5th percentile for the FT4, TT3, and FT3 (respectively, from 22 to 19.78 pmol/L for FT4, from 3.1 to 2.71 nmol/L for TT3, and from 6.80 to 6.10 pmol/L for FT3). Higher TT3 and FT3 values were noted in men compared to women (respectively, p = 0.068 and p < 0.0001). An age decrease in FT4 and FT3 was also observed (respectively, p = 0.045 and p < 0.0001). Conclusion The established RI of thyroid function tests for the Lebanese population were significantly different from the values recommended by the manufacturer (Roche Diagnostics). Changing our RI values will allow a more accurate diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction.
The Relationship Among Chronotype, Hardiness, Affect, and Talent and Their Effects on Performance in a Military Context
Authors: Burrell Lolita M. , Kelly Collette J. , Kelly Dennis R. , Matthews Michael D. 
Published: March 2022

Individual preference for morning or evening activities (chronotype), affect, hardiness, and talent are associated with a variety of performance outcomes. This longitudinal study was designed to investigate the degree to which these variables are associated with academic, physical, and military performance. Self-reported measures of chronotype, affect, and hardiness were collected from 1149 cadets from the Class of 2016 upon entry to the United States Military Academy. Talent, a composite of academic, leadership, and physical fitness scores were drawn from cadet records. Academic, military, and physical performance measures were collected at graduation 4 years later. The results indicated that a morning orientation was associated with better physical and military performance. Higher talent scores, as well as lower levels of negative affect, were associated with better performance across all three performance measures. Hardiness was only associated with military performance. The findings suggest that a morning orientation and less negative affect may result in better performance overall within a challenging and structured military environment. Future studies of chronotype shifts may provide further insight into associated performance benefits.
Prevalence of Burnout, Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and Hopelessness Among Healthcare Workers in COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey
Authors: Akova İrem , Kiliç Esma , Özdemir Mehmet Emin 
Published: March 2022

Background This study’s aim was to reveal the burnout, depression, anxiety, stress, and hopelessness levels of HCWs in the pandemic period. Methods The cross-sectional study was carried out with 1015 HCWs, between September 1 and October 1, 2021, in Turkey. Maslach Burnout Inventory, Beck Hopelessness Scale, and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) were used. Results Of the HCWs, 56.7% had moderate/high emotional exhaustion (EE), 35.8% had moderate/high depersonalization (D), 58.0% had low personal accomplishment (PA), 34.9% had high depression, 31.9% had high anxiety, 15.4% had high stress, and 33.3% had moderate/severe hopelessness. Risk factors for EE were working in a public hospital, increased workload intensity, decreased income, and difficulty in procuring personal protective equipment (PPE). Risk factors for D were having a male gender, being under the age of 40, being a physician, working in a public hospital, and difficulty in procuring PPE. Risk factors for depression were being under the age of 40, having contact with COVID-19 patients, and decreased income. Risk factors for anxiety were having a female gender, being under the age of 40, working in a public hospital, having a chronic disease, having contact with COVID-19 patients, and having individuals at high risk for COVID-19 at home. Risk factors for hopelessness were having a female gender, being a physician, and increased income. Conclusion The negative effects of the pandemic, which has been going on for over a year and a half, on the mental health of HCWs were high.
Brazilian Subimperialism? Empirical Evidence against Ruy Mauro Marini’s Explanatory Scheme
Authors: Silva Rodrigo Luiz Medeiros da 
Published: March 2022

With the postulate of “subimperialism,” Ruy Mauro Marini proposed that Brazilian industrialization was structurally limited by scarcity of demand but its deceleration could be avoided by exporting to neighboring nonindustrialized countries. This amounted to a sort of imperialist offensive that was useful to the foreign multinationals operating in Brazil—a “ subimperialist” solution. Data on Brazil’s foreign trade and productive structure effectively contradict Marini’s perspective. Segundo seu postulado do “subimperialismo,” Ruy Mauro Marini propôs que a industrialização brasileira seria estruturalmente limitada por escassez de demanda mas sua tendência a desacelerar-se teria sido evitada pela exportação a países vizinhos não industrializados. Isso conformaria uma sorte de ofensiva imperialista, ainda que útil às multinacionais estrangeiras instaladas no Brasil—uma saída “ subimperialista.” Dados do comércio externo e da estrutura produtiva do Brasil contradizem a proposição de Marini.
Extent of Nasal Irrigation in Non-operated Sinuses: A Cadaveric Trial
Authors: Sumaily Ibrahim , Jomaah Mohammad , Alarifi Ibrahim , Alromaih Saud , Aloulah Mohammad , Ajlan Abdulrazag , Alroqi Ahmad , Alsaleh Saad 
Published: February 2022

Background Nasal irrigation is among the most widely used treatment modalities for sinonasal diseases. The extent of irrigation is well studied in operated sinuses but not for non-operated sinuses. Moreover, the preferred head positioning during irrigation is not known. Herein, we studied the extent of nasal irrigation in cadaveric heads with non-operated sinuses. Methods Nine cadaveric heads were used. Normal saline solution mixed with radiological contrast material was used to irrigate the nasal cavities with the heads in 2 different positions: standing-leaning-forward (SLF) and Head-down forward (HDF). After each irrigation, computed tomography images of the head were acquired. The extent of irrigation was assessed for each subunit of the sinonasal cavity. Results Irrigation was performed twice on a total of 18 sides, each time in 1 position. Nine subunits were evaluated: inferior, middle, and superior meati; the olfactory cleft; and the frontal, maxillary, anterior, and posterior ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses. The extent of irrigation was significantly better in the HDF position for the olfactory cleft (100% vs 33%), P-value=.001, frontal sinus (33% vs 11%), P-value=.002, maxillary sinus (78% vs 17%), P-value=.001, and anterior ethmoid sinus (89% vs 17%), P-value=.001. There was no significant difference in the extent of irrigation between the 2 positions for the other evaluated subunits. The overall extent of irrigation was 70.37% of the subunits in HDF position and 45.06% of the subunits for SLF position, P-value= .001 Conclusions Nasal irrigation reached the cavities of non-operated paranasal sinuses. However, while the extent of irrigation was limited in the SLF, it was well achieved in the HDF position. Studies on the clinical efficacy of irrigation in this position are recommended.
Concern About Falling, Confidence in Balance, Quality of Life, and Depression Symptoms in Community-Dwelling Older Adults After a 24-week Dual-Task Training With Variable and Fixed Priority: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Trombini-Souza Francis , Nogueira Renata Taysa de Souza Azevedo , Serafim Ana Cícera Batista , Lima Thamires Medeiros Mendes de , Xavier Michelle Katherine Andrade , Perracini Monica Rodrigues , de Araújo Rodrigo Cappato , Sacco Isabel CN , Nascimento Marcelo de Maio 
Published: February 2022

Objective To evaluate the effect of a 24-week dual-task training with progression from variable to fixed priority on the concern about falling, confidence in balance, quality of life, and depression symptoms in community-dwelling older adults. Methods A total of 60 participants (60–80 y.o.) were randomly allocated into a dual-task training group with progression from variable to fixed priority (experimental group) or into a dual-task training group with variable priority (control group). Results No between-group difference was observed after the intervention. A significant time effect showed a reduction in concern about falling [mean difference (MD) = -2.91)] and depression symptoms (MD = −1.66), an increase in the physical function (MD = 7.86), overall mental health (MD = 5.82), perception of vitality, energy, and less fatigue (MD = 10.45), general perception of overall health (MD = 6.81), and their health compared to the last year (MD = 11.89). Conclusion The experimental protocol was not superior to the control one. However, both protocols improved these outcomes.
Supporting the social-emotional needs of children and young people with developmental coordination disorder: Occupational therapists’ perceptions of practice in England
Authors: Rihtman Tanya , Gadsby Nichola , Porter Joanne 
Published: February 2022

Introduction The social-emotional impacts of Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) for children and young people (CYP) are often the most disabling. Occupational therapists (OTs) have a central role in facilitating holistic service provision for this population. There is a need to understand OTs’ perceptions regarding provision of support for the social-emotional needs of CYP with DCD. Method A focus group ( n = 9) explored issues pertaining to OT support for the social-emotional needs of this population. Qualitative data were analysed through collaborative coding, organization and reorganization following the classic analysis strategy. Results Findings suggest that social-emotional support is not explicitly addressed in service provision for CYP with DCD. It appears that OTs know what needs to happen to improve social-emotional outcomes, and have made some progress, but more remains to be done. Holistic service provision depends upon varied factors, many of which are outside individual therapists’ control. Conclusion In England, OTs working with CYP with DCD may be providing services in settings not geared to supporting social-emotional needs. This raises concerns as to whether practitioners are enabled to stay true to holistic principles, as well as concerns related to delivering evidence-based practice in light of growing evidence regarding this population’s social-emotional risks.