bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postbiotic muramyl dipeptide alleviates colitis via activating autophagy in intestinal epithelial cells
Authors: You Yaying , Xiao Yongtao , Lu Ying , Du Jun , Cai Hui , Cai Wei , Yan Weihui 
Published: November 2022

The pathogenesis of IBD is complicated and still unclear. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2) plays a significant role in regulating gut inflammation under the activation of muramyl dipeptide (MDP), which is used as a postbiotic. The study aimed to investigate the effect of MDP on the intestinal barrier in colitis and the mechanism involved. In this study, C57BL/6 mice were challenged with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) for establishing a colitis model with the pre-treatment of MDP in vivo. Intestinal permeability was reflected by detecting the serum concentration of 4 kDa Fluorescein Isothiocyanate-Dextran. The expression of inflammation, barrier-related proteins, and autophagy was tested by Western Blotting. Proliferation and apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells were detected by immunohistochemistry. Caco-2 cells were exposed to lipopolysaccharide for imitating inflammation in vitro. The findings showed that administration of MDP ameliorated losses of body weight loss, gross injury, and histology score of the colon in the DSS-induced colitis mice. MDP significantly ameliorated the condition of gut permeability, and promoted intestinal barrier repair by increasing the expression of Zonula occludens-1 and E-cadherin. Meanwhile, MDP promoted proliferation and reduced apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells. In the experiment group treated with MDP, LC3 was upregulated, and p62 was downregulated, respectively. These results suggested that MDP stimulation attenuates intestinal inflammation both in vivo and in vitro. Potentially, MDP reduced the intestinal barrier damage by regulating autophagy in intestinal epithelial cells. Future trials investigating the effects of MDP-based postbiotics on IBD may be promising.
Metals-triggered compound CDPDP exhibits anti-arthritic behavior by downregulating the inflammatory cytokines, and modulating the oxidative storm in mice models with extensive ADMET, docking and simulation studies
Authors: Hassan Syed Shams ul , Abbas Syed Qamar , Muhammad Ishaq , Wu Jia-Jia , Yan Shi-Kai , Ali Fawad , Majid Muhammad , Jin Hui-Zi , Bungau Simona 
Published: November 2022

Triggering through abiotic stress, including chemical triggers like heavy metals, is a new technique for drug discovery. In this research, the effect of heavy metal Nickel on actinobacteria Streptomyces sp. SH-1327 to obtain a stress-derived compound was firstly investigated. A new compound cyclo-(D)-Pro-(D)-Phe (CDPDP) was triggered from the actinobacteria strain SH-1327 with the addition of nickel ions 1 mM. The stress compound was further evaluated for its anti-oxidant, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activity against rheumatoid arthritis through in-vitro and in-vivo assays in albino mice. A remarkable in-vitro anti-oxidant potential of CDPDP was recorded with the IC50 value of 30.06 ± 5.11 μg/ml in DPPH, IC50 of 18.98 ± 2.91 against NO free radicals, the IC50 value of 27.15 ± 3.12 against scavenging ability and IC50 value of 28.40 ± 3.14 μg/ml for iron chelation capacity. Downregulation of pro-inflammatory mediators (NO and MDA), suppressed levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-Iβ) and upregulation of expressions of anti-oxidant enzymes (GSH, catalase, and GST) unveiled its anti-inflammatory potential. CDPDP was analyzed in human chondrocyte cell line CHON-001 and the results demonstrated that CDPDP significantly increased cell survival, and inhibited apoptosis of IL-1β treated chondrocytes and IL-1β induced matrix degrading markers. In addition, to evaluate the mitochondrial fitness of CHON-001 cells, CDPDP significantly upregulated pgc1-α, the master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis, indicating that CDPDP provides protective effects in CHON-001 cells. The absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) profile of the CDPDP showed that CDPDP is safe in cases of hepatotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, and cytochrome inhibition. Furthermore, docking results showed good binding of CDPDP with IL-6–17.4 kcal/mol, and the simulation studies proved the stability between ligand and protein. Therefore, the findings of the current study prospect CDPDP as a potent anti-oxidant and a plausible anti-arthritic agent with a strong pharmacokinetic and pharmacological profile.
A symmetric prior knowledge based deep learning model for intracerebral hemorrhage lesion segmentation
Authors: Nijiati Mayidili , Tuersun Abudouresuli , Zhang Yue , Yuan Qing , Gong Ping , Abulizi Abudoukeyoumujiang , Tuoheti Awanisa , Abulaiti Adili , Zou Xiaoguang 
Published: November 2022

Background: Accurate localization and classification of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) lesions are of great significance for the treatment and prognosis of patients with ICH. The purpose of this study is to develop a symmetric prior knowledge based deep learning model to segment ICH lesions in computed tomography (CT).Methods: A novel symmetric Transformer network (Sym-TransNet) is designed to segment ICH lesions in CT images. A cohort of 1,157 patients diagnosed with ICH is established to train (n = 857), validate (n = 100), and test (n = 200) the Sym-TransNet. A healthy cohort of 200 subjects is added, establishing a test set with balanced positive and negative cases (n = 400), to further evaluate the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the diagnosis of ICH. The segmentation results are obtained after data pre-processing and Sym-TransNet. The DICE coefficient is used to evaluate the similarity between the segmentation results and the segmentation gold standard. Furthermore, some recent deep learning methods are reproduced to compare with Sym-TransNet, and statistical analysis is performed to prove the statistical significance of the proposed method. Ablation experiments are conducted to prove that each component in Sym-TransNet could effectively improve the DICE coefficient of ICH lesions.Results: For the segmentation of ICH lesions, the DICE coefficient of Sym-TransNet is 0.716 ± 0.031 in the test set which contains 200 CT images of ICH. The DICE coefficients of five subtypes of ICH, including intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), extradural hemorrhage (EDH), subdural hemorrhage (SDH), and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), are 0.784 ± 0.039, 0.680 ± 0.049, 0.359 ± 0.186, 0.534 ± 0.455, and 0.337 ± 0.044, respectively. Statistical results show that the proposed Sym-TransNet can significantly improve the DICE coefficient of ICH lesions in most cases. In addition, the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of Sym-TransNet in the diagnosis of ICH in 400 CT images are 91.25%, 98.50%, and 84.00%, respectively.Conclusion: Compared with recent mainstream deep learning methods, the proposed Sym-TransNet can segment and identify different types of lesions from CT images of ICH patients more effectively. Moreover, the Sym-TransNet can diagnose ICH more stably and efficiently, which has clinical application prospects.
Silicon supplementation enhances productivity, water use efficiency and salinity tolerance in maize
Authors: Alayafi Abdullah H. , Al-Solaimani Samir G. M. , Abd El-Wahed Mohamed H. , Alghabari Fahad M. , Sabagh Ayman El 
Published: November 2022

Drought and salinity stress severely inhibits the growth and productivity of crop plants by limiting their physiological processes. Silicon (Si) supplementation is considerd as one of the promising approaches to alleviate abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity. In the present study, a field experiment was conducted over two successive growth seasons (2019-20) to investigate the effect of foliar application of Si at two concentrations (1 and 2 kg Si ha-1) on the growth, yield and physiological parameters of three maize cultivars (ES81, ES83, and ES90) under three levels of irrigation salinity) [1000 (WS1), 2000 (WS2) and 3000 (WS3) mg L-1NaCl]. In this study, A trickle irrigation system was used. Si application significantly mitigated the harsh effects of salinity on growth and yield components of maize, which increased at all concentrations of Si. In irrigation with S3 salinity treatment, grain yield was decreased by 32.53%, however, this reduction was alleviated (36.19%) with the exogenous foliar application of Si at 2 kg Si ha-1. At salinity levels, Si application significantly increased maize grain yield (t ha-1) to its maximum level under WS of 1000 mg L-1, and its minimum level (Add value) under WS of 3000 mg L-1. Accordingly, the highest grain yield increased under Si application of 2 kg Si ha-1, regardless of salinity level and the cultivar ES81 achieved the highest level of tolerance against water salinity treatments. In conclusion, Application of Si at 2 kg Si ha-1 as foliar treatment worked best as a supplement for alleviating the adverse impacts of irrigation water salinity on the growth, physiological and yield parameters of maize.
School attendance problems in adolescent with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Niemi Sofia , Lagerström Martin , Alanko Katarina 
Published: November 2022

Introduction: A link between having a neurodevelopmental disorder, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and school absenteeism, has been found in previous studies. Why ADHD poses a risk for absenteeism remains unclear, and insight into the mechanisms of the association is needed. The aim of the present study was to investigate school attendance problems (SAP) and both the symptoms related and the perceived reasons for them, as reported by adolescents with ADHD (n = 95), compared with neurotypical adolescents (n = 1,474).Method: The current study (N = 1,569) was part of the School absence in Finland-project. SAPs were measured with the Inventory of School Attendance Problems (ISAP). The ISAP questionnaire contains a symptom scale (ISAP S) and a function scale (ISAP F), which shows if and how the symptoms impacts school attendance. A linear mixed effects model was used to analyze outcomes on the ISAP factors, controlling for background variables living status, gender, other diagnoses, highest level of education for the parent and age.Results: Results show that adolescents with ADHD had been more absent from school compared to neurotypical adolescents during the prior 12-weeks. Adolescents with ADHD showed significantly more symptoms of agoraphobia/panic, problems within the family and problems with parents than neurotypical peers. The symptoms separation anxiety, agoraphobia/panic, aggression, problems within the family and problems with parents more often were perceived as the reason for SAP (ISAP F).Discussion: The results are in line with our initial hypotheses and previous studies. Because of the low response rate on the ISAP F scale, the results regarding reasons for SAPs should be interpreted with caution. Future research could examine specific preventive actions of SAPs for adolescents with ADHD, and different subtypes of ADHD.
Knowledge mapping of students’ mental health status in the COVID-19 pandemic: A bibliometric study
Authors: Yang Yang , Cao Qingtai , Zhao Mingyi , Zhuang Quan 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate the international scientific output on mental health of students during COVID-19 from 2020 to 2022 through a bibliometric analysis and to explore trend and research hotspots in this field.MethodsWe searched the Web of Science Core Collection for publications and used a variety of software to analyze and visualize the data such as R, CiteSpace, VOSviewer and Scimago.ResultsA total of 2,734 publications were retrieved as of June 4, 2022, published by 3,894 institutions from 120 countries/regions. China and the United States lead in the quantity and quality of publications in this field. According to Bradford’s Law, 16 journals are considered core journals in the field. Co-cited references indicate the main psychological problems of students under the epidemic revolve around anxiety, poor sleep and financial difficulty. Their behavior might also be influenced by increased internet and alcohol use.ConclusionMental health of students during COVID-19 is attracting increasing attention. It is identified that the research hotspots in this field continue to revolve around emotional anxiety and unhealthy behaviors. Due to the different troubles faced by different groups under COVID-19, further exploration of the relevant factors specific for students are needed, with a hopeful view to providing ideas for intervention measures.
Evaluating the impact of a new educational tool on understanding of polygenic risk scores for alcohol use disorder
Authors: Driver Morgan N. , Kuo Sally I-Chun , Petronio Lia , Brockman Deanna , Dron Jacqueline S. , Austin Jehannine , Dick Danielle M. 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionAs gene identification efforts have advanced in psychiatry, so have aspirations to use genome-wide polygenic information for prevention and intervention. Although polygenic risk scores (PRS) for substance use and psychiatric outcomes are not yet available in clinical settings, individuals can access their PRS through online direct-to-consumer resources. One of these widely used websites reports that alcohol use disorder is the third most requested PRS out of &gt;1,000 conditions. However, data indicate that there are misunderstandings about complex genetic concepts, with a lower understanding of PRS being associated with a more negative impact of receiving polygenic risk information. There is a need to develop and evaluate educational tools to increase understanding of PRS.MethodsWe conducted a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the impact of web-based educational information on understanding of PRS for alcohol use disorder. A total of 325 college students (70.4% female; 43.6% White; mean age = 18.9 years) from an urban, diverse university completed the study.ResultsOverall, participants were highly satisfied with the educational information. Results from a one-way ANOVA indicated that there was a significant increase in overall understanding of PRS for alcohol use disorder (p-value &lt; 0.001), among individuals who received educational information about PRS and alcohol use disorder, as compared to receiving no accompanying information (adj. p-value &lt; 0.001), or educational information about alcohol use disorder only (adj. p-value &lt; 0.001).DiscussionThese findings suggest that the web-based educational tool could be provided alongside polygenic risk information in order to enhance understanding and interpretation of the information.Clinical trial registration[ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT05143073].
Suubi4StrongerFamilies: A study protocol for a clustered randomized clinical trial addressing child behavioral health by strengthening financial stability and parenting among families in Uganda
Authors: Ssewamala Fred M. , McKay Mary M. , Sensoy Bahar Ozge , Nabunya Proscovia , Neilands Torsten , Kiyingi Joshua , Namatovu Phionah , Guo Shenyang , Nakasujja Noeline , Mwebembezi Abel 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundChildren in Sub-Saharan Africa are burdened by significant unmet mental health needs. Across the region, high rates of poverty, HIV/AIDS, food insecurity, stigma, and an inadequate health safety net system exacerbate serious child behavioral health needs and impede an effective response. Disruptive behavioral disorders are particularly concerning as they persist through adolescence and adulthood. Hence, addressing the context-specific social influences on child behavioral health is critical given that children in the region comprise more than half of the total regional population. Against this backdrop, this study protocol describes a randomized clinical trial that will examine the mechanisms by which economic empowerment and family strengthening interventions targeting social, familial, and context-specific drivers affect the mental health of children in Uganda.MethodsThe study uses an experimental, longitudinal design across 30 cluster-randomized primary schools to compare single and combination intervention options; influences of economic empowerment and family strengthening on economic, perceptual, and functioning mediators; and context-specific moderators. The study will be conducted with 900 Ugandan children in mid-upper primary school (10–14 years). The three study conditions (n= 300 each) are: (1) economic empowerment only (EE only), (2) multiple family group-based family strengthening only (MFG-based FS only), and (3) combined EE + MFG-based FS. The interventions will be provided for 12 months; and assessments will occur at baseline, 12, 24, and 36 months.ConclusionChildren in Sub-Saharan Africa are burdened by significant unmet mental health needs, including disruptive behavior disorders that persist through adolescence and adulthood if left untreated. The proposed study will examine the mechanisms by which economic empowerment and family strengthening interventions targeting social, familial and context-specific drivers affect the mental health of children in mid-upper primary schools in Uganda. Findings from this study can inform group, community, and population approaches that are needed for scalable solutions to address the social drivers negatively impacting child behavioral health in low-resource settings, including in Sub-Saharan Africa.Clinical trial registration[https://clinicaltrials.gov/], identifier [NCT053 68714].
Prevalence status and associated factors of wrist postural injury in the Chinese occupational population
Authors: Chen Nengzhou , Li Guanlin , Sun Xin , Zhang Meibian , Zhang Huadong , Ling Ruijie , Liu Yiming , Li Gang , Ren Zaoliang , Yin Yan , Shao Hua , Zhang Hengdong , Li Jiajie , Qiu Bing , Wang Dayu , Zeng Qiang , Liang Zhanhui , Wang Rugang , Chen Jianchao , Zhang Danying , Mei Liangying , Liu Yongquan , Liu Jixiang , Zhang Chengyun , Li Tianlai , Wang Zhongxu , Chen Qingsong , Jia Ning 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveThis study investigated the prevalence of wrist injuries in 15 industries and different types of work in China. Study on the associated factors of wrist injuries provides a scientific basis for prevention and treatment of wrist diseases in occupational workers.MethodsA cross-sectional study of musculoskeletal symptoms of related practitioners in 15 industries, including automobile manufacturing, was conducted to retrieve worker demographic information, working wrist posture, and pain conditions. Multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs).ResultsThe prevalence of wrist injuries among the study population was 13.2%. Toy manufacturing, animal husbandry, automobile manufacturing, shoe manufacturing, and biopharmaceutical manufacturing had the highest wrist injury rates at 29.1, 19.1, 14.9, 14.9, and 14.0%, respectively. Among the types of jobs, enamel workers (63.0%), butchers (43.6%), combers (32.5%), welders (31.3%), and scaffolders (26.5%) had the highest prevalence rates. Based on the final multivariate logistic regression analysis: female [odds ratios (OR) = 1.24; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.15–1.35], 6–10 years of service (OR = 1.11; 95% CI, 1.03–1.18), &gt;10 years of service (OR = 1.15; 95% CI, 1.06–1.25), frequent upward and downward flexion in wrist posture at work (OR = 1.81; 95% CI, 1.84–2.11), and frequent wrist placement on the edge of angular objects increased the OR of injury (OR = 1.52; 95% CI, 1.44–1.61). Need to squeeze objects tightly while working (OR = 1.72; 95% CI, 1.57–1.89), prolonged wrist flexion (OR = 1.86; 95% CI, 1.75–1.97), and work hand position above the shoulder for prolonged periods (OR = 1.11; 95% CI, 1.04–1.19) also suggested the relationship between these factors and the higher prevalence of wrist injury in the workers. The associated factor was physical activity (OR = 0.86; 95% CI, 0.80–0.94).ConclusionThis study suggested the relationship between these factors and the higher prevalence of wrist injury in the toy manufacturing, animal husbandry, automobile manufacturing, and shoe-making industries, enamel workers, butchers, and combers. And are work types that require special attention. Females, working age, physical activity, and abnormal posture of the wrist were factors significantly associated with WMSDs.
Family experiences and attitudes toward care of ICU patients with delirium: A scoping review
Authors: Lange Sandra , Mȩdrzycka-Da̧browska Wioletta , Friganović Adriano , Religa Dorota , Krupa Sabina 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionThe family has an important role in the care of the ICU patient. Research shows that the implementation of non-pharmacological interventions to prevent delirium, including interventions with the family, can reduce the incidence of delirium. The aim of this review was to search the available literature about the experiences and attitudes of family/carers of ICU patients diagnosed with delirium during hospitalization.MethodsA scoping review method was used to map terms relevant to the involvement of relatives in the care of critically ill patients with delirium. To identify studies, the following databases were searched: PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. The database search was ongoing from 15 July 2022, with a final search on 4 August 2022.ResultsThirteen articles reporting on the experiences and attitudes of family/carers of ICU patients who developed delirium during hospitalization were included in the scoping review. Of the included studies, eight were qualitative studies, three were quantitative studies and two were reviews (systematic review and integrative review). The studies were conducted in North America, Europe, South Africa, and Asia. Our findings show that carers experienced adverse effects associated with delirium in ICU patients such as stress, anxiety, embarrassment, uncertainty, anger, shock. Families/relatives need both emotional and informational support from medical staff.ConclusionRelatives want to be involved in the care of the delirium patient, although this needs improvement in some aspects of care such as: lack of awareness, family/relatives knowledge of delirium, improved education, and communication with medical staff. Recognition of delirium by families is acceptable and feasible. Family involvement may induce an increased anxiety, but this aspect needs further research.