bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of organic farming on the restoration of soil quality, ecosystem services, and productivity in rice–wheat agro-ecosystems
Authors: Panwar Azad S. , Ansari Meraj A. , Ravisankar Natesan , Babu Subhash , Prusty Ashisa K. , Ghasal Prakash C. , Choudhary Jairam , Shamim Mohammad , Singh Raghuveer , Raghavendra K. J. , Dutta Debashis , Meena Amrit L. , Chauhan Gautam V. , Ansari Majhrool H. , Singh Raghavendra , Aulakh C. S. , Singh D. K. , Sharma P. B. 
Published: October 2022

Excess use of hazardous agrochemicals and inorganic fertilizers resulted negative impact on environmental outcomes and degraded soil function, biological diversity, and ecosystem services. A 15-year long-term (2004–05 to 2017–18) field experiment was conducted to improve the ecosystem services with soil quality restoration and stabilization of yield through agronomic manipulation in the rice (Oryza sativa)–wheat (Triticum aestivum) system under Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP). Three crop management practices (i) organic crop management, (ii) inorganic crop management, and (iii) integrated crop management were evaluated at four locations (i) Jabalpur, (ii) Ludhiana, (iii) Pantnagar, and (iv) Modipuram in a factorial randomized block design and replicated thrice at each location. Among the spatial variation, the highest soil quality indicators like soil microbial biomass carbon (0.52 mg g−1), fungal (46.2 CFU × 104 CFU), bacterial (54.2 CFU × 106 CFU), and actinomycetes viable cells (23.0 CFU × 106 CFU), and nutrients (available N and available P) were observed at Pantnagar than other location. The soilpH varied from 7.2 to 8.3, and the lowest bulk density (ρb) was recorded at Jabalpur and Modipuram. Subsequently, higher system productivity (8,196.7 kg ha−1) and net returns were obtained in Pantnagar &gt; Ludhiana, and it was 44.1–63.4% higher than in Modipuram and Jabalpur. Among the crop management, organic crop management significantly improved (p&lt; 0.05) ρb, soil organic carbon, available N, available P, and available K by 3.7%, 33.3%, 16.4%, 37.8%, and 20.3% over inorganic crop management, respectively. Similarly, the highest bacterial, fungal, and actinomycetes viable cell counts were found under the organic plots, followed by integrated plots. In terms of productivity, integrated crop management (ICM) had increased the system productivity by 4.7%–6.7% and net returns by 22.2% and 23.5% over inorganic and organic crop management. Similarly, the highest sustainability yield index (SYI) was recorded in integrated crop management (0.77) as compared to inorganic (0.74) and organic management (0.75). The soil quality index was estimated as 0.60, 0.53, and 0.54 in organic, inorganic, and ICM, respectively. Hence, the study indicated that the application of organic amendments under organic or integrated crop management improves the system’s resiliency and sustainability. Therefore, the study concludes that towards organic approach (integrated application of organic amendments with a gradual reduction in mineral fertilizers) is better suitable for keeping the rice–wheat system productivity and sustainable in the long term.
Construction of an immune-related signature for predicting the ischemic events in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy
Authors: Li Shifu , Zhang Qian , Weng Ling , Li Jian 
Published: October 2022

Background: Inflammatory responses have drawn more attention to atherosclerosis; however, the immune-related genes (IRGs) as a prognostic factor in atherosclerotic plaque remain to be fully elucidated. Here, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether the IRGs could be identified as a reliable biomarker for predicting ischemic events in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA).Methods: Two datasets GSE97210 and GSE21545 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The dataset GSE97210 was used to explore the significant pathways and differentially expressed IRGs (DEIRGs) between plaques and controls, which were further screened to identify the prognostic DEIRGs in the GSE21545 dataset. The identification of molecular subgroups with the prognostic gene expression patterns was achieved through nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) clustering. Functional analyses including GO, KEGG, GSVA, and GSEA analyses, and immune analyses including xCell and ssGSEA algorithms were conducted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. The prognostic risk model was constructed using the LASSO algorithm and multivariate Cox regression analysis.Results: A total of 796 DEIRGs (including 588 upregulated and 208 downregulated) were identified. Nine prognostic DEIRGs were further screened with univariate Cox regression analysis. Two clusters with different prognosis were grouped based on the prognostic DEIRGs. Immune infiltration analysis shows that cluster 2 with a better prognosis presented with a higher immune response than cluster 1. A prognostic model based on seven IRGs (IL2RA, NR4A2, DES, ERAP2, SLPI, RASGRP1, and AGTR2) was developed and verified. Consistent with the immune analysis of the cluster, the immune infiltration in the low-risk group with a better prognosis was also more active than that in the high-risk group. Finally, a nomogram based on the seven genes was constructed, which might have future implications in clinical care.Conclusion: The expression of immune-related genes is correlated with the immune microenvironment of atherosclerotic patients and could be applied to predict the ischemic events in patients undergoing CEA accurately.
Magnitude of episiotomy practice and associated factors among women who gave birth at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Bekele Habtamu , Tamiru Dawit , Debella Adera , Getachew Alemeshet , Yohannes Ephrem , Lami Magarsa , Negash Abraham , Asfaw Henock , Ketema Indeshaw , Eyeberu Addis , Habte Sisay , Eshetu Bajrond , Getachew Tamirat , Mesfin Sinetibeb , Birhanu Bekelu , Heluf Helina , Kibret Haregeweyn , Negash Belay , Alemu Adisu , Dessie Yadeta , Balis Bikila 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundEpisiotomy is an intentional surgical incision made on the perineum with the aim of enlarging the introits during the second stage of labor or just before delivery of the baby. It sometimes also interferes with the mother's comfort during the postpartum period and has associated complications especially when it is done without indication. However, there is limited information regarding episiotomy practice in the study area.ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the magnitude of episiotomy practice and associated factors among women who gave birth at the Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia, 2021.MethodsA facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 408 systematically selected mothers who gave birth at the Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, from 1 January to 30 December 2021. Datas were collected from delivery medical records using a pretested checklist. The extracted data were checked, coded, and entered into the Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to the STATA version 16 software for analysis. Binary logistic regression was fitted to identify factors associated with episiotomy practice.P-values &lt; 0.05 were considered to declare the presence of statistical significance.ResultsThe overall prevalence of episiotomy practice was found to be 43.4 % (95% CI: 38.7, 48.9), and mediolateral was the most commonly practiced episiotomy type (41.4%). Parity [AOR: 6.2; 95% CI (3.8–17.6)], 1st min Apgar score [AOR: 1.6; 95% CI (1.04–2.67)], presence of maternal medical disease [AOR: 3.3; 95% CI (1.09–6.9)], and induced labor [AOR: 1.6; 95%CI (1.12, 4.13)] were significantly associated with the episiotomy practice.ConclusionThe prevalence of episiotomy practice in the study area was high. Parity, presence of maternal medical disease, induction of labor, and 1st min APGAR score were significant factors associated with episiotomy practice. Considering the presence of appropriate indications or preventing unjustifiable indications, can help to reduce the current high practice rates.
Efficacy and safety profile of phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor in the treatment of psoriasis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Kang Qin , Chen Jing-si , Yang Huan 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundSystemic therapy is an important treatment for psoriasis. Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors are new candidates for psoriasis therapy.ObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of PDE4 inhibitors in psoriasis.MethodRandomized clinical trials with PDE4 inhibitors vs placebos in patients with psoriasis were identified from MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials, ClinicalTrials.gov, from inception to July 14, 2022. The study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022345700).Results18 studies were identified, 9 of which included moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis, 2 mild-to-moderate plaque psoriasis, and 7 psoriatic arthritis. A total of 6036 patients were included. Only one oral PDE4 inhibitor, apremilast, met the inclusion criteria. Overall, compared with the placebo, apremilast was associated with higher response rates in PASI-75 (RR, 3.22; 95% CI, 2.59-4.01), ScPGA of 0 or 1 (RR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.69-2.91), PPPGA of 0 or 1 (RR 2.33; 95%CI, 1.16-4.66), and a significant decrease in NPASI (SMD, -0.46; 95% CI, -0.58 to -0.33). There were no significant differences in serious adverse events. Subgroup analyses showed that significantly more patients achieved PASI-75 after 16 weeks of therapy with apremilast of 20 mg bid (RR, 2.82; 95% CI, 2.01-3.95) and 30 mg bid (RR, 4.08; 95% CI, 3.12-5.33). Heterogeneity was not significant across studies.ConclusionApremilast is a safe and effective treatment for plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, especially for difficult-to-treat sites.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero, identifier (CRD42022345700).
Intraoperative cell salvage as an effective intervention for postpartum hemorrhage—Evidence from a prospective randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lei Bo , Guo Min , Deng Xin , He Shujun , Lu Xin , Wang Yunjuan , Wang Lei 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundPostpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality. Promptly recovering blood loss is critical for PPH. Intraoperative cell salvage (ICS) is a method to collect and process red blood cells (RBCs) from the blood lost during surgery and transfuse them to the patient’s circulation during or immediately after surgery. Its effectiveness in reducing the demand for allogeneic blood transfusion has been proven, but its effectiveness and safety as a sole treatment for PPH during Cesarean sections are unclear. This is particularly important for patients who cannot or do not want to accept allogeneic blood transfusion.Materials and methodsIn this prospective randomized controlled study, patients with high risks of PPH were randomized into the ICS group or the control group, receiving ICS or allogeneic RBC transfusion if their hemoglobin level was less than 80 g/L during operation. Data collected include clinical examination, blood cell count, hemoglobin level, coagulation function, and plasma levels of fetal hemoglobin, tissue factor, and alpha-fetoprotein before and after fetal delivery and 0, 2, and 12 h after treatment. Adverse events were recorded.ResultsA total of 130 patients were enrolled, aged 33 ± 1 years with a mean gestation period of 37 ± 1 week. The most common cause of Cesarean section was placenta previa, followed by twin pregnancy, scarred uterus, preeclampsia, placental abruption, fetal distress, and placenta accreta spectrum. Bleeding amount was similar between the two groups. The ICS group, compared to controls, had more efficient increases in levels of hemoglobin, RBC, and hematocrit (all p &lt; 0.05). Coagulation function was maintained in the ICS group but reduced in controls 24 h after transfusion, indicated by significantly reduced fibrinogen level and prolonged prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT), and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) (all p &lt; 0.05). There was a transient but significant decrease in plasma tissue factor and alpha-fetoprotein levels and an increase in plasma fetal hemoglobin level with ICS treatment in the postpartum period. No adverse event occurred with ICS intervention.ConclusionICS is an effective and safe intervention for patients with a high risk of PPH during elective or emergency Cesarean section. It can effectively clear tissue factors and alpha-fetoprotein but not fetal hemoglobin.
Identification of N7-methylguanosine related subtypes and construction of prognostic model in gastric cancer
Authors: Li Xiaoxiao , Dong Hao , Chen Ling , Wang Yujie , Hao Zhibin , Zhang Yingyi , Jiao Yuan , Zhao Zhiyue , Peng Xiaobo , Zhan Xianbao 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundN7-methylguanosine (m7G), one of the most common post-transcriptional modifications, can be present in tRNA, mRNA, and miRNA to mediate the progression of various tumors. However, the possible role of m7G in gastric cancer (GC) is still unknown.Materials and MethodsIn this study, SNVs (single nucleotide variations), CNVs (copy number variations), and methylation of m7G-related genes (m7GRGs) were analyzed. The relationship between them and the expression of m7GRGs and prognosis of GC patients was explored. Based on 13 prognostic-related m7GRGs, 567 GC samples were classified into three subtypes using the ConsensusClusterPlus package. we compared survival status, clinical traits, immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoints, tumor microenvironment (TME), tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE), and potential biological pathways among the three subtypes. Then, patients were again grouped into different genetic subtypes based on the DEGs among the three subtypes. In addition, a prognostic m7GRG_Score was constructed using five risk genes applicable to patients of any age, gender and stage. We also assessed tumor mutational burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), cancer stem cell (CSC) index, sensitivity of antineoplastic drugs, efficacy of anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA4 immunotherapy between high and low m7GRG_Score groups. Finally, we established a nomogram based on m7GRG_Score and tumor stage to enhance the clinical application of the model. miRNAs and lncRNAs that could regulate expression of risk genes were searched.ResultsSNVs, CNVs, and methylation of m7GRGs were associated with m7GRGs expression. However, they did not significantly affect the survival of GC patients. Our results also confirmed that patients in subtypes B and C and low m7GRG_Score groups had longer survival time, better clinical stage, more immune cell infiltration, fewer immune escape and dysfunction compared to subtype A and high m7GRG_Score groups. A low m7GRG_score was featured with increased microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H), TMB, and efficacy of immunotherapy.ConclusionThe m7GRG_Score model may become a beneficial tool for predicting prognosis and guiding personalized treatment in GC patients. These findings will improve our knowledge of m7G in GC and provide new methods for more effective treatment strategies.
Sorption behavior and mechanisms of thallium to microplastics
Authors: Liu Min , Song Xiaocheng , Wang Qian , Li Shilei , Kou Siwang , Gao Zhenhui , Zhuang Wen 
Published: October 2022

Thallium (Tl) is a metal of high toxicity, and the problem of Tl pollution is being faced globally. However, environmental data on Tl are still scarce and its biogeochemical behaviors remain mostly unclear. Studies have revealed the potential transport of other heavy metal by microplastics (MPs), but there is no report on the interactions between Tl and MPs yet. Therefore, we studied the adsorption of Tl by the three most commonly detected MPs, i.e., polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), and polypropylene (PP) in fresh and seawater. We considered the effects of particle size, pH and competitive cations on adsorption capacity. The results showed PS has the highest adsorption capacity for Tl which was mainly through surface complexation. PS showed the lowest crystallinity and had the most oxygen-containing functional groups among the studied MPs. The adsorption of Tl on PE and PP was dominated by physical adsorption. The adsorptions exhibited significant salinity and pH dependence. Dominant cations in seawater competed with Tl ions for adsorption sites on MPs. With the increase in pH, the deprotonation of the carboxyl functional groups on MPs was enhanced, which increased the effective adsorption sites and promoted the adsorption of Tl. However, the adsorption capacity of the studied MPs for Tl was much lower than the corresponding capacity of natural minerals (clay, iron and manganese oxides) previously reported. Therefore, MPs may not be the main factors affecting the environmental behavior of Tl. This study provides valuable information for the study of thallium’s environmental behavior and ecological risk assessment.
Siliceous Rhizaria abundances and diversity in the Mediterranean Sea assessed by combined imaging and metabarcoding approaches
Authors: Llopis Monferrer Natalia , Biard Tristan , Sandin Miguel M. , Lombard Fabien , Picheral Marc , Elineau Amanda , Guidi Lionel , Leynaert Aude , Tréguer Paul J. , Not Fabrice 
Published: October 2022

Siliceous Rhizaria (polycystine radiolarians and phaeodarians) are significant contributors to carbon and silicon biogeochemical cycles. Considering their broad taxonomic diversity and their wide size range (from a few micrometres up to several millimetres), a comprehensive evaluation of the entire community to carbon and silicon cycles is challenging. Here, we assess the diversity and contribution of silicified Rhizaria to the global biogenic silica stocks in the upper 500 m of the oligotrophic North-Western Mediterranean Sea using both imaging (FlowCAM, Zooscan and Underwater Vision Profiler) and molecular tools and data. While imaging data (cells m-3) revealed that the most abundant organisms were the smallest, molecular results (number of reads) showed that the largest Rhizaria had the highest relative abundances. While this seems contradictory, relative abundance data obtained with molecular methods appear to be closer to the total biovolume data than to the total abundance data of the organisms. This result reflects a potential link between gene copies number and the volume of a given cell allowing reconciling molecular and imaging data. Using abundance data from imaging methods we estimate that siliceous Rhizaria accounted for up to 6% of the total biogenic silica biomass of the siliceous planktonic community in the upper 500m of the water column.
A novel solar desalination system based on an evacuated tube collective condenser heat pipe solar collector: A thermo-economic and environmental analysis
Authors: Nema Garima , Karunamurthy K 
Published: October 2022

Solar desalination has captivated consideration to overcome the problem of the scarcity of freshwater, with simple-design, economic, and environment-friendly solutions. This study navigates a novel solar-evacuated glass tube collector integrated with a collective condenser heat pipe system for solar desalination. A newly designed heat pipe array was represented in this work by affixing all the evaporator tube units of the heat pipes to a single condenser unit and was attached to the evacuated tube solar collector. The innovative assembly of the heat pipe provided uniform heating of water and rapid steam generation. The present system acts as a solar collector and as a stand-alone basin for freshwater formation. The performance assessment of the neoteric system was conducted based on half-filled and three-fourth-filled conditions of the water flow pipe kept within the collective condenser heat pipe. The maximum heat pipe temperature recorded during the half-filled state was 156.9°C and 151.48°C in the three-fourth-filled state. The half-filled state of the water flow pipe delivered a total distilled water content of 8,050 ml/day, whereas the three-fourth-filled state delivered 5,925 ml/day of distilled water. The maximum energy and exergy efficiency of the presented system was 19.27% and 3.92%, respectively. The economic minimum unit cost of freshwater by the present system is 4.27 INR, and the payback period is 2.9 years. The present eco-friendly energy system saves 4.25 kWh of electricity and 4.16 × 10−3 tons of CO2 equivalent per year.
Case report: Atypical patterns of nystagmus suggest posterior canal cupulolithiasis and short-arm canalithiasis
Authors: Helminski Janet O. 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundAtypical posterior canal (PC) positional nystagmus may be due to the changes in cupular response dynamics from cupulolithiasis (cu), canalithiasis of the short arm (ca-sa), or a partial/complete obstruction—jam. Factors that change the dynamics are the position of the head in the pitch plane, individual variability in the location of the PC attachment to the utricle and the position of the cupula within the ampulla, and the location of debris within the short arm and on the cupula. The clinical presentation of PC-BPPV-cu is DBN with torsion towards the contralateral side in the DH positions and SHHP or no nystagmus in the ipsilateral DH position and no nystagmus upon return to sitting from each position. The clinical presentation of PC-BPPV-ca-sa is no nystagmus in the DH position and upbeat nystagmus (UBN) with torsion lateralized to the involved side upon return to sitting from each position.Case descriptionA 68-year-old woman, diagnosed with BPPV, presented with DBN associated with vertigo in both DH positions and without nystagmus or symptoms on sitting up. In the straight head hanging position (SHHP), the findings of a transient burst of UBN with left torsion associated with vertigo suggested ipsicanal conversion from the left PC-BPPV-cu to canalithiasis. Treatment included a modified canalith repositioning procedure (CRP), which resulted in complete resolution. BPPV recurred 17 days later. Clinical presentation of BPPV included no nystagmus/symptoms in both the contralateral DH position and SHHP, DBN in the ipsilateral DH position without symptoms, and UBN with left torsion associated with severe truncal retropulsion and nausea on sitting up from provoking position. The findings suggested the left PC-BPPV-cu-sa and PC-BPPV-ca-sa. Treatment included neck extension, a modified CRP, and demi-Semont before complete resolution.ConclusionAn understanding of the biomechanics of the vestibular system is necessary to differentially diagnose atypical PC-BPPV. DH test (DHT) findings suggest that PC-BPPV-cu presents with DBN or no nystagmus in one or two DH positions and sometimes SHHP and without nystagmus or no reversal/reversal of nystagmus on sitting up. The findings suggest PC-BPPV-ca-sa has no nystagmus in DH positions or DBN in the ipsilateral DH position and UBN with torsion lateralized to the involved side on sitting up.