bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Factor Analysis of Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula After Distal Pancreatectomy, with A Focus on Pancreas-Visceral Fat CT Value Ratio and Serrated Pancreatic Contour, Evaluated Using Preoperative CT Images: A Retrospective Single Center Study
Authors: Maeda Koki , Kuriyama Naohisa , Yuge Takuya , Ito Takahiro , Gyoten Kazuyuki , Hayasaki Aoi , Fujii Takehiro , Iizawa Yusuke , Murata Yasuhiro , Tanemura Akihiro , Kishiwada Masashi , Sakurai Hiroyuki , Mizuno Shugo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: In pancreaticoduodenectomy, the pancreas-visceral fat CT value ratio and serrated pancreatic contour on preoperative CT have been revealed as risk factors for postoperative pancreatic fistulas. We aimed to evaluate whether they could also serve as risk factors for postoperative pancreatic fistulas after distal pancreatectomy. Methods: A total of 251 patients that underwent distal pancreatectomy at our department from 2006 to 2020 were enrolled for the study. We retrospectively analyzed risk factors for postoperative pancreatic fistulas after distal pancreatectomy using various pre and intraoperative factors, including preoperative CT findings, such as pancreas-visceral fat CT value ratio and serrated pancreatic contour. Results: The study population included 147 male and 104 female participants (median age, 68 years; median body mass index, 21.4 kg/m2), including 64 patients with diabetes mellitus (25.5%). Preoperative CT evaluation showed a serrated pancreatic contour in 80 patients (31.9%), a pancreatic thickness of 9.3 mm (4.0–22.0 mm), pancreatic parenchymal CT value of 41.8 HU (4.3–22.0 HU), and pancreas-visceral fat CT value ratio of -0.41 (-4.88 to -0.04). Postoperative pancreatic fistulas were developed in 34.2% of the patients. Univariate analysis of risk factors for postoperative pancreatic fistulas showed that younger age (P = 0.005), high body mass index (P = 0.001), absence of diabetes mellitus (P = 0.002), high preoperative C-reactive protein level (P = 0.024), pancreatic thickness (P < 0.001), and high pancreatic parenchymal CT value (P = 0.018) were significant risk factors; however, pancreas-visceral fat CT value ratio (P = 0.337) and a serrated pancreatic contour (P = 0.122) did not serve as risk factors. Multivariate analysis showed that high body mass index (P = 0.032), absence of diabetes mellitus (P = 0.001), and pancreatic thickness (P < 0.001) were independent risk factors. Conclusion: The pancreas-visceral fat CT value ratio and serrated pancreatic contour evaluated using preoperative CT were not risk factors for postoperative pancreatic fistulas after distal pancreatectomy. High body mass index, absence of diabetes mellitus, and pancreatic thickness were independent risk factors, and a close-to-normal pancreas with minimal fat deposition or atrophy is thought to indicate a higher risk of postoperative pancreatic fistulas after distal pancreatectomy.
Short Communication: Ligase Detection Reaction as a genotyping technique to identify cats carrying the c.1024G&gt;T mutation on TRPV4 gene
Authors: Sartore Stefano , Moretti Riccardo , Iamone Giulia , Piras Lisa Adele , Chessa Stefania , Sacchi Paola 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
One of the major issues in Scottish and Highland Fold cats is osteochondrodysplasia, a bone and cartilage development disorder. A point mutation in TRPV4 gene, associated to the ear-folded phenotype, is responsible of osteochondrodysplasia in those cat breeds. DNA amplification and genotyping by sequencing are currently the standard techniques to identify carrier animals. We developed a Ligase Detection Reaction technique, which is cheaper, more affordable and time saving analysis, obtaining 100% of correct genotyping and identification of all the fold animals as heterozygous for the c.1024G > T mutation. Ligase Detection Reaction can be used to determine the genotype of kittens even before the manifestation of the folded ears character. Despite the presence of the mutation, none of the fold animals presented clinical or radiographic signs of the disease. Thus, the association between the c.1024G > T genotype and osteochondrodysplasia, at least in young animals, is not evident. Further studies are required to fully evaluate this association.
Pineal cysts without hydrocephalus: Microsurgical resection via an infratentorial-supracerebellar approach – Surgical strategies, complications and their avoidance – How we do it.
Authors: Fleck Steffen , Damaty Ahmed El , Lange Ina , Matthes Marc , Marx Sascha , Rafaee Ehab El , Baldauf Jörg , Schroeder Henry WS 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction Indications for surgery of pineal cysts without ventriculomegaly are still under debate. In view of the limited data for pineal cyst resection in the absence of hydrocephalus, and the potential risk of this approach, we have analysed our patient cohort focussing on strategies to avoid complications according to our experience in a series of 73 pineal cyst patients. MethodsFrom 2003 to 2015, we reviewed our database retrospectively for all patients operated on a pineal cyst. Furthermore, we prospectively collected patients from 2016 to 2020. In summary, 73 patients with a pineal cyst were treated surgically between 2003 and 2020. All patients were operated on via a microscopic supracerebellar-infratentorial (SCIT) approach. The mean follow-up period was 26.6 months (range: 6-139 months).Results73 patients underwent surgery for a pineal cyst. An absence of enlarged ventricles was documented in 62 patients (51 female, 11 male, mean age 27.67 yrs). Main presenting symptoms included headache, visual disturbances, dizziness/vertigo, nausea/emesis, sleep disturbances. Complete cyst resection was achieved in 59/62 patients. 55 of 62 (89%) patients improved after surgery with good or even excellent results according to the Chicago Chiari Outcome Scale, with complete or partial resolution of the leading symptoms.ConclusionPineal cysts resection might be an indication in certain patients for surgery even in the absence of ventriculomegaly. The high percentage of postoperative resolution of quality-of-life impairing symptoms in our series seems to justify surgery. Preoperatively, other causes of the leading symptoms have to be excluded.
Synthesis And Characterization Of Fe0@Chitosan/Cellulose Green Nanocomposite As Advanced Carrier For Ibuprofen Drug; Loading And Release Properties
Authors: Abukhadra Mostafa , Kashief Fatma A. El , Khim Jong Seong , Ajarem Jamaan S. , Allam Ahmed A. , Abu-Taweel Gasem M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Green nanocomposite of Fe0@chitosan/cellulose (Fe0@CH/CS) was synthesized utilizing the green extract of khaya senegalensis leaves and sugarcane bagasse as cellulose precursor. The composite was evaluated as an effective carrier for ibuprofen drug (IBF) considering its release and loading properties. The Fe0@CH/CS is of significant IBF loading capacity (553 mg/g) and the loading behavior can be directed by the values of the experimental variables. The loading of IBF into Fe0@CH/CS is in agreement with the classic Langmuir isotherm (R2> 0.95) and Pseudo-first order kinetic (R2> 0.97). This displays homogenous, physisorption, and a monolayer loading of IBF into Fe0@CH/CS. Based on the findings of the Monolayer model with one energy as advanced isotherm model, the Fe0@CH/CS structure is of 252.6 mg/g active receptors density and each rector was occupied by two or three IBF ions (n=2.18) by multi-molecular mechanism. The determined IBF loading energy (4.81 kJ/mol) demonstrates the physical loading of the drug by Van-der Waals forces and/or hydrogen bonding. The Fe0@CH/CS structure is of significant release profiles as carrier for IBF which continued up to 260 h (gastric buffer) and 180 h (intestinal buffer). The studied release kinetics and the obtained diffusion exponent (0.58 (pH 1.2) and 0.48 (pH 7.4)) reflect the release of IBF from Fe0@CH/CS by complex diffusion and erosion mechanisms. The cytotoxicity tests declared the safe and biocompatible value of both Fe0@CH/CS and IBF loaded Fe0@CH/CS on the human bronchial epithelial cells.
Rfd1, A Restorer to the Aegilops Juvenalis Cytoplasm, Functions in Fertility Restoration of Wheat Cytoplasmic Male Sterility
Authors: Niu Fuqiang , Bu Yaning , Yang Xuetong , Wu Yongfeng , He Mengting , Zhang Lingli , song xiyue 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a crucial means for the utilization of heterosis, which is of great significance for improving the yield and quality of hybrids. Currently, fertility restorationhas been extensively investigated in crops, but fertility restoration of CMS wheat with Aegilops Juvenalis cytoplasm are poorly understood.Here, a backcross population BC1F1derived from a cross between male sterile line Ju706A, its maintainer line 706B, and restorer line LK783, was used to map Rfd1locus by bulked segregant analysis and wheat 660K SNP genotyping.In which Ju706A displayedcomplete male sterility,and its fertility can be restored by LK783 with a pair of dominant genes Rfd1Rfd1. The locus was located to 2.4-Mb region on chromosome 1BS by markersAX-174254104 and AX-111201011.Combined with transcriptomic analysis and quantitative real-time PCR assay,TraesCS1B02G197400LC, the most likely candidate gene for Rfd1, encoded a pectinesterase which was localized in the cell wall, and was highly expressed in fertile anthers.The silencing of Rfd1 resulted in decreased fertility and heterogeneous expression of Rfd1 promoted pollen germination and affected the vegetative growth.It implies that Rfd1 is required for anther or pollen development and male fertility in CMS wheat with Aegilops Juvenalis cytoplasm. Further, a 7 bp deletion in Ju706A was employed to develop specific marker Xnwafu1 for molecular marker-assisted selection of restorers. Thestudy providesa new understanding for exploring the fertility restoration mechanism of CMS.
MYB3 Plays an Important Role in Lignin and Anthocyanin Biosynthesis Under Salt Stress Condition in Arabidopsis
Authors: Kim Daewon , Jeon Su Jeong , Yanders Samantha , Park Sung‑Chul , Kim Ho Soo , Kim Sewon 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Salinity stress is one of the major factors in the reduction of plant growth and crop yield worldwide. To improve our ability to grow crops in high-salinity environments, plant responses to salinity stress must be tightly controlled. Here, in order to further understand the precise regulation of plant responses under high salinity conditions, the function of the MYB3 transcription factor was studied as a repressor to control excessive accumulation of lignin and anthocyanin under salt stress conditions. Nuclear-localized MYB3 forms a homodimer. It is ubiquitously expressed, especially in vascular tissues, and its expression is highly induced by NaCl in various tissues such as roots, leaves, stems, and flowers. myb3 mutant plants exhibited longer root growth in high NaCl conditions than wild-type plants. However, several NaCl responsive or signaling genes were not significantly altered in myb3 compared to wild-type. Interestingly, high accumulation of lignin and anthocyanin was displayed in myb3, and the expression of genes involved in lignin and anthocyanin biosynthesis, such as PAL1, C4H, COMT, 4CL3, DFR and LDOX, sharply increased in myb3 compared to those of wild-type plants under NaCl treatment. According to yeast-two hybrid screenings, various transcription factors, including anthocyanin regulators TT8 and EGL3, were isolated as MYB3 interacting proteins. MYB3 was characterized as a transcriptional repressor and its repressor domain is located in the C-terminus of MYB3. Overall, these results suggest that nuclear-localized MYB3 functions as a transcriptional repressor for the control of lignin and anthocyanin accumulation under salinity stress conditions.
Can’t see the forest for the trees? Investigating attentional scope as a novel indicator of emotional state in animals
Authors: Hamlaoui Anne , Keeling Linda , Burman Oliver , Verbeek Else 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In humans, contrasting emotional states can lead to a broadening or narrowing of attentional scope. Whether this is also the case in animals has yet to be investigated. If confirmed, measurement of attentional scope has potential as a novel cognitive method of welfare assessment. In this study, we therefore aimed to validate a test of attentional scope as a measure of emotional state in animals. We did this by inducing four putatively different emotional states in dogs (N = 10), varying in valence (positive, negative) and arousal (high, low), in two different reward contexts (food rewards in Experiment 1, social rewards in Experiment 2) and then assessing dogs’ behavioural responses in a test of attentional scope. We also recorded heart rate variability (HRV) parameters as additional confirmatory affective indicators. In Experiment 1, the dogs showed a narrowing of attentional scope after the induction of both positively valenced emotional states. That dogs were in a positive state was supported by the reduced Standard Deviation of normal-to-normal R-R intervals (SDNN) and the reduced Low Frequency (LF) and Very Low Frequency (VLF) HRV. In Experiment 2, when responses to social rewards were examined, the dogs showed attentional narrowing only in the low arousal negative treatment, while the LF and VLF were reduced in the high arousal positive treatment. In conclusion, our study provides the first indication that emotional states can also alter attentional scope in animals. The results justify further investigation of this approach for use in animal welfare assessment, although further studies are needed to refine predictions.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hernia surgery in a Swedish healthcare region: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Kollatos Christos , Hanna Sarmad , Sandblom Gabriel 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundSwedish healthcare has been reorganised during the COVID-19 pandemic, affecting the availability of surgery for benign conditions. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of COVID-19 on emergency and elective hernia surgery in a Swedish healthcare region.MethodsUsing procedure codes, data from inguinal and ventral hernia procedures performed at the three hospitals in Jönköping Region, Sweden, from March 1st 2019 to January 31st 2021, were retrieved from a medical database. The cohort was divided into two groups: the COVID-19 group (March 1st 2020 - January 31st 2021) and the control group (March 1st 2019 - January 31st 2020). Demographic and preoperative data, hernia type, perioperative findings, and type of surgery were analysed.ResultsA total 1329 patients underwent hernia surgery during the study period; 579 were operated during the COVID-19 period and 750 during the control period. The number of emergency ventral hernia repairs increased during the COVID-19 period, but no difference in inguinal hernia repair rate was seen. The characteristics of patients that underwent hernia repair were similar in the two groups. Moreover, the decrease in elective ventral hernia repair rate during the COVID-19 period did not result in a higher risk for strangulation.ConclusionThere is no evidence to suggest that the decrease in the number of elective ventral hernia repairs during the COVID-19 period had any impact on the risk for strangulation. Indications for surgery in patients with a symptomatic ventral or inguinal hernia should be carefully evaluated. Studies with greater power and longer follow-up are needed to gain a full understanding of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on hernia surgery.
Process Optimization of Automotive Brake Material in Dry Sliding using Taguchi and ANOVA Techniques for Wear Control
Authors: Saurabh Ashish , Joshi Kartik , Abhinav Manoj , Verma Piyush Chandra 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Semi-metallic brake pads are more durable, fade-resistant, and long-lasting; thus, their tribological qualities are further studied. Taguchi's experimental technique is crucial for determining the impact of various braking limitations on semi-metallic brake pad performance. Taguchi's approach was utilized to create an experimental design using an L9 orthogonal array to examine the output. The effect of multiple parameter interactions and the relative contributions of each studied control is determined using ANOVA. At room temperature and humidity, tests were done under dry sliding circumstances with changing sliding velocity (1.047 m/s, 2.094 m/s, and 3.141 m/s), applied weight (40 N, 50 N, and 60 N), and sliding distance (1500 m, 3000 m, and 4500 m). ANOVA was used to determine the impact of the test constraints on the wear rate throughout the run. A multiple linear regression formula was established. The dry sliding wear resistance was investigated utilizing the 'smaller is better' criteria. In this study, the normal load has the maximum impact (71.02%), followed by sliding velocity (28.13%) and sliding distance (1.14%). The optimal functioning settings found after analysis, include a 40 N applied weight, a 1500 rpm sliding velocity, and a 1500 m sliding distance. This was also confirmed by SEM analysis. Lastly, validation tests were performed to double-check the experiment's results. The difference between calculated and actual values was discovered to be less than 10% which is in agreement with the methodology followed.
Prediction of Mechanical Behaviors of Additively Manufactured SS 316L via Machine Learning
Authors: Era Israt Zarin , Grandhi Manikanta , Liu Zhichao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Directed energy deposition (DED) is a rising field in the arena of metal additive manufacturing and has extensive applications in aerospace, medical and rapid prototyping. The process parameters, such as laser power, scanning speed, and layer thickness, play an important role in controlling and affecting the properties of DED fabricated parts. Nevertheless, both experimental and simulation methods have shown constraints and limited ability to generate accurate and efficient computational predictions on the correlations between the process parameters and the final part quality. In this work, data-driven machine learning models using XGBoost and Random Forest have been built and applied to predict the tensile behaviors of the stainless steel 316L parts by DED with variation in process parameters. The results suggest that both models can predict the tensile properties, e.g., yield strength, elongation, and ultimate tensile strength, of the fabricated parts and compute the significance of the factors affecting the quality of the part. The performance of the models was then compared with the Ridge Regression. XGBoost outperformed both Ridge Regression and Random Forest.
Perception of providers on use of the WHO mental health Gap Action Programme- Intervention Guide (mhGAP-IG) and smartphone-based clinical guidance in Nigerian primary care settings
Authors: Ojagbemi Akin , Daley Stephanie , Kola Lola , Taylor-Salisbury Tatiana , Feeney Yvonne , Makhmud Akerke , Lempp Heidi , Thornicroft Graham , Gureje Oye 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Taking advantage of the rapidly increasing access to digital technology in low- and middle-income countries, the World Health Organization has launched an electronic version of the mental health Gap Action Programme intervention guide (emhGAP-IG). This is suitable for use on smartphones or tablets by non-specialist primary healthcare providers (PHCWs) to deliver evidence-based intervention for priority mental, neurological and substance use disorders. We assessed the perceptions of PHCWs on the feasibility, acceptability, and benefits of using smartphone-based clinical guidance and the emhGAP-IG in the management of people with mental health conditions in Nigeria.
Methods
Exploration of the views of PHCWs from 12 rural and urban primary health clinics (PHCs) in South-Western Nigeria were carried out using 34 in-depth key informant qualitative interviews with nurses (n = 10), community health officers (n = 13) and community health extension workers (n = 11). An additional two focus group discussions, each comprising eight participants drawn from across the range of characteristics of PHCWs, were also conducted. Thematic analysis was conducted using a three-staged constant comparison technique to refine and categorise the data.
Results
Three overall themes were identified around the use of clinical guidance and mobile applications (apps) in PHCs. Apps were deployed for purposes other than clinical consultation and decision making. Although paper-based guidance was the expected practice, its utilization is not fully embedded in routine care. An app-based decision-making tool was preferred to paper by PHCWs. Future usage of the emhGAP-IG would be facilitated by training and re-training of staff, helpful design features, and obtaining patients’ buy-in.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that the emhGAP-IG could be a viable way to embed clinical guidance and decision-making tools in the management of people with mental health conditions in Nigerian PHCs.
A holistic approach for evaluating the contribution of system performance on resilience against earthquake in historic-commercial urban fabrics
Authors: Moaddab Rezvan , Hosseini Kambod Amini , Seyedrezaei Mirmahhdi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The occurrence of earthquakes in historical urban fabrics with commercial value, such as traditional bazaars may have far-reaching cultural and socio-economic consequences. However, few comprehensive studies have been conducted so far on assessing their risk and resilience to earthquakes. Among the parameters affecting the resilience of such urban fabrics, system performance plays a key role, which has been addressed in this paper to evaluate its contribution on resilience of historical bazaars to earthquakes. To this end, a novel index-based model is developed by integrating resilience-related dimensions, indicators and sub-indicators. For this purpose, the cultural, historical, physical, socio-economic and organizational dimensions of resilience have been considered. Then, the effective indicators and sub-indicators amongst these five dimensions are determined and their importance is calculated by using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Moreover, the qualitative parameters are quantified using fuzzy logic and included in the model. The proposed model can be used to estimate the system performance in traditional bazaars based on 5 dimensions, 17 indicators and 50 sub-indicators. In addition, by utilizing this model, the effective interventions to improve the resilience of different parts of bazaars can be assessed. The proposed model is applied in Tabriz traditional bazaar, as a world heritage, to determine the system performance and its impacts on seismic resilience. The results depicted the applicability of the model for assessment the system performance in traditional bazaars. This approach can be used in similar urban fabrics worldwide, by calibrating relevant parameters based on local conditions.