bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
International Exhibitions, Literary Capitalism, and the Emergence of Comparative Literature
Authors: T. Szabó Levente 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The invention of international fairs in the 19th century revolutionized both nationalism and modern thinking on global relationships since they showcased but also contested and negotiated national, imperial, and global identities. From the Great Exhibition at Crystal Palace to the 1900 Paris Exposition, the international fairs / expositions universelles were landmarks of histoire croisée of nationalism, global thinking, and capitalism. Even though they seem to be showcasing industrial progress, they also created a completely new frame for the self-fashioning, vindication, and negotiation of national arts and literatures, interpreted in a global setting and in capitalist terms. I propose to explore the pattern and experience of the 19th-century international fair / exposition universelle as an important frame for the emerging modern transnational literary scene, fueling major debates on the nature of nationalism, cosmopolitanism, and capitalism.
Escaping Prestige
Authors: Cheuk Michael Ka-chi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A year after receiving the 2000 Nobel Prize in Literature, Gao Xingjian, who had been exiled from China in 1987, remarked that he had to embark on a “second escape” from the “public’s halo, flowers, prizes, and crown.” In this paper, I argue that Gao’s “second escape” is not a literal rejection of fame, but rather the situating of the monumentalizing effects of the Nobel’s prestige as a subject of his transmedial reflection. In his first major post-Nobel project – l’année Gao (The Year of Gao, 2003–2005), Gao portrays death in five different expressions (paintings, poetry, theatre, opera, and cinema) that echo and respond to each other, thereby presenting a coherent attempt to restore his sense of fragility and autonomy as a Nobel laureate.
A New World Literature Canon
Authors: Holgate Ben 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Scholarly debate about world literature often relegates non-fiction as secondary to fiction. This article argues that non-fiction is as important as fiction, and uses the Financial Times Business Book of the Year Award as a case study. Although the FT award focuses on business, it has a wider cultural impact influencing academia, global media, and literature. After seventeen years, the award’s consistent quality of longlisted books has created a canon that has genuine literary value. My analysis of the award demonstrates that the finalists and winners have been concentrated in terms of author’s country of work, author’s profession, and primary subject. This concentration can be partly explained by the dominance of the US in the publishing of business books as well as by the mechanics of the award’s selection process. The FT award also prompts a discussion about the merits of a literary award that embraces both fiction and non-fiction.
La poesia degli eruditi e la competizione per l’autorità intellettuale e letteraria nel periodo mamelucco
Authors: Ismail Ahmed Nasser Ahmed 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This article aims to investigate the compositional “obsession” manifested by scholars of the Mamluk period and to bring back this phenomenon to a wider and more remote context of competition for the control of cultural and intellectual authority. We will also try to demonstrate how poetic ability constituted an important personal and professional requirement for contemporary ʿulamāʾ as an indispensable “medium of sociability” and a means of affirmation and social inclusion.
(Failed) Reform of the Arabic-Persian Alphabet and Literary Considerations in Tâlebof’s Ketâb-e Ahmad and Masâleko’l-mohsenin
Authors: Tornesello Natalia L. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Since the second half of the 19th century, proposals for modification of the Arabic-Persian alphabet have been the focus of debates among intellectuals and writers. Discussions have also extended to the more literary sphere, where the subject was addressed in works such as Tâlebof’s Ketâb-e Ahmad and Masâlekoʾl-mohsenin. The present article illustrates the first attempts to reform the script, by Âkhundzâde and Malkom Khân, then examines and translates passages on the subject from two significant works by Tâlebof.
Fund-raising: The Methods used in the Early Church compared with those used in English Churches Today
Authors: Norrington David C. 
Published: September 2022

First, this article provides a description of methods of collecting alms used by Jesus, Paul and the early church up to the fourth century AD, together with an analysis of the biblical principles involved.
Second, there is a critical discussion of collecting money in England today, using the collection plate as a typical example of current practice. This is examined in the light of biblical principles and found wanting. Current methods, like the collection plate, bring the church and the gospel into disrepute. The time has come for the church to rethink its methods of collecting money.
Patristic Views on Hell -Part 2
Authors: Keith Graham 
Published: September 2022

In his approach to the doctrine of Hell Augustine was influenced in part by a desire to address pagan doubts about the scientific possibility of a body being in a state of everlasting torment. But an even greater concern was prompted by various pleas within the church to tone down the Scriptural evidence for an eternal Hell. Augustine believed that if any of these pleas were accepted, dire pastoral consequences would be involved.
Alongside his response to the various critiques of Hell, Augustine laid much stress on the seriousness of Adam’s original sin. He also rejected the Platonist view, effectively endorsed by Origen, that all divine punishments are essentially corrective. Augustine felt no need to give a detailed rationale for God's justice, which he saw as a datum of revelation and a matter of faith for the believer. It was, however, a weakness in Augustine (and the patristic period generally) that he was content to work with a model of divine anger which stripped it of any passionate element. This foreclosed the possibility of tying God’s wrath more closely to the outworking of God’s justice.
The Maritime Continent Barrier Effect on the MJO Teleconnections during the Boreal Winter Seasons in the Northern Hemisphere
Authors: Zhou Yihao , Wang Shuguang , Fang Juan , Yang Da 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The Maritime Continent disrupts eastward propagation of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO). This study surveys the impact of the disruption—often known as the barrier effect—on the MJO teleconnections. The MJO propagation may be broadly categorized based on whether the MJO precipitation crosses the Maritime Continent (MC) during extended boreal winter seasons: successfully propagating across the MC (MJO-C) or being blocked by the MC (MJO-B). Compositing atmospheric circulation upon these two categories reveals that precipitation anomalies of MJO-C are stronger and more coherent than those of MJO-B, while their phase speed and lifetime are comparable. MJO-C and MJO-B excite distinct extratropical responses due to their diabatic heating in the deep tropics. Midlatitude circulation displays stronger and long-lasting negative geopotential anomalies in the northern Pacific Ocean 5–14 days after phase 7–8 of MJO-C, but significantly weaker anomalies from MJO-B. The extratropical water vapor transport during MJO-B and MJO-C differs markedly after phase 2. The Pacific–North American (PNA) pattern and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) both show significant response after phase 6 of MJO-C as its precipitation anomaly over the tropical Pacific during this period is stronger, while MJO-B has little impact on both. Surface air temperatures (SAT) at high latitudes during MJO-B and MJO-C are also significantly different. SAT is weaker and delayed in MJO-B in comparison to MJO-C, likely due to different meridional eddy heat fluxes.
The Andes Affect ENSO Statistics
Authors: Xu Weixuan , Lee Jung-Eun , Fox-Kemper Baylor , Planton Yann , McPhaden Michael J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Current coupled global climate models have biases in their simulations of the tropical Pacific mean-state conditions as well as the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon. Specifically, in the Community Earth System Model (CESM version 1.2.2), the tropical Pacific mean state has overly weak sea surface temperature (SST) gradients in both the zonal and meridional directions, ENSO is too strong and too regular, and El Niño and La Niña events are too symmetrical. A previous study with a slab-ocean model showed that a higher elevation of the Andes can improve the tropical Pacific mean-state simulation by adjusting the atmospheric circulation and increasing the east–west and north–south SST gradients. Motivated by the link between the mean tropical Pacific climate and ENSO variations shown in previous studies, here we explored the influence of the Andes on the simulation of ENSO using the CESM 1.2.2 under full atmosphere–ocean coupling. In addition to improving the simulated tropical Pacific mean state by increasing the strength of the surface easterly and cross-equatorial southerly winds, the Higher Andes experiment decreases the amplitude of ENSO, increases the phase asymmetry, and makes ENSO events less regular, resulting in a simulated ENSO that is more consistent with observations. The weaker ENSO cycle is related to stronger damping in the Higher Andes experiment according to an analysis of the Bjerknes index. Our overall results suggest that increasing the height of the Andes reduces biases in the mean state and improves the representation of ENSO in the tropical Pacific.
Generation of Extreme Precipitation over the Southeastern Tibetan Plateau Associated with TC Rashmi (2008)
Authors: Ye Wei , Li Ying , Zhang Da-Lin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this study, the development of an extreme precipitation event along the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) by the approach of Tropical Cyclone (TC) Rashmi (2008) from the Bay of Bengal is examined using a global reanalysis and all available observations. Results show the importance of an anomalous southerly flow, resulting from the merging of Rashmi into a meridionally deep trough at the western periphery of a subtropical high, in steering the storm and transporting tropical warm–moist air, thereby supplying necessary moisture for precipitation production over the TP. A mesoscale data analysis reveals that (i) the Rashmi vortex maintained its TC identity during its northward movement in the warm sector with weak-gradient flows; (ii) the extreme precipitation event occurred under potentially stable conditions; (iii) topographical uplifting of the southerly warm–moist air, enhanced by the approaching vortex with some degree of slantwise instability, led to the development of heavy to extreme precipitation along the southeastern margin of the TP; and (iv) the most influential uplifting of the intense vortex flows carrying ample moisture over steep topography favored the generation of the record-breaking daily snowfall of 98 mm (in water depth), and daily precipitation of 87 mm with rain–snow–rain changeovers at two high-elevation stations, respectively. The extreme precipitation and phase changeovers could be uncovered by an unusual upper-air sounding that shows a profound saturated layer from the surface to upper troposphere with a moist adiabatic upper 100-hPa layer and a bottom 100-hPa melting layer. The results appear to have important implications to the forecast of TC-related heavy precipitation over high mountains.

Significance Statement
This study attempts to gain insight into the multiscale dynamical processes leading to the development of an extreme precipitation event over the southeastern margin of the Tibet Plateau as a Bay of Bengal tropical cyclone (TC) approached. Results show (i) the importance of an anomalous southerly flow with a wide zonal span in steering the relatively large-sized TC and transporting necessary moisture into the region; and (ii) the subsequent uplifting of the warm and moist TC vortex by steep topography, producing the extreme precipitation event under potentially stable conditions, especially the record-breaking daily snowfall of 98 mm (in water depth). The results have important implications to the forecast of TC-related heavy precipitation over the Tibet Plateau and other high mountainous regions.
Integration of multi-omics data reveals cis-regulatory variants that are associated with phenotypic differentiation of eastern from western pigs
Authors: Liu Yuwen , Fu Yang , Yang Yalan , Yi Guoqiang , Lian Jinmin , Xie Bingkun , Yao Yilong , Chen Muya , Niu Yongchao , Liu Lei , Wang Liyuan , Zhang Yongsheng , Fan Xinhao , Tang Yijie , Yuan Pengxiang , Zhu Min , Li Qiaowei , Zhang Song , Chen Yun , Wang Binhu , He Jieyu , Lu Dan , Liachko Ivan , Sullivan Shawn T. , Pang Bin , Chen Yaoqing , He Xin , Li Kui , Tang Zhonglin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The genetic mechanisms that underlie phenotypic differentiation in breeding animals have important implications in evolutionary biology and agriculture. However, the contribution of cis-regulatory variants to pig phenotypes is poorly understood. Therefore, our aim was to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which non-coding variants cause phenotypic differences in pigs by combining evolutionary biology analyses and functional genomics.

Results
We obtained a high-resolution phased chromosome-scale reference genome with a contig N50 of 18.03 Mb for the Luchuan pig breed (a representative eastern breed) and profiled potential selective sweeps in eastern and western pigs by resequencing the genomes of 234 pigs. Multi-tissue transcriptome and chromatin accessibility analyses of these regions suggest that tissue-specific selection pressure is mediated by promoters and distal cis-regulatory elements. Promoter variants that are associated with increased expression of the lysozyme (LYZ) gene in the small intestine might enhance the immunity of the gastrointestinal tract and roughage tolerance in pigs. In skeletal muscle, an enhancer-modulating single-nucleotide polymorphism that is associated with up-regulation of the expression of the troponin C1, slow skeletal and cardiac type (TNNC1) gene might increase the proportion of slow muscle fibers and affect meat quality.

Conclusions
Our work sheds light on the molecular mechanisms by which non-coding variants shape phenotypic differences in pigs and provides valuable resources and novel perspectives to dissect the role of gene regulatory evolution in animal domestication and breeding.
Reversing BCG-mediated autophagy inhibition and mycobacterial survival to improve vaccine efficacy
Authors: Gonzalez-Orozco Maria , Strong Emily J. , Paroha Ruchi , Lee Sunhee 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Autophagy is an important mechanism for promoting Mycobacterium clearance from macrophages. Pathogenic and non-pathogenic mycobacterium can activate the mTOR pathway while simultaneously inducing autophagy. M. tuberculosis and M. bovis BCG inhibit autophagy and favor intracellular bacteria survival.

Results
We observed that pre-infection of live or heat-killed BCG could prevent autophagy induced by pharmacological activators or M. smegmatis, a strong autophagy-inducing mycobacterium. BCG-derived lipids are responsible for autophagy inhibition. However, post-infection with BCG could not stop the autophagy initiated by M. smegmatis, which increases further autophagy induction and mycobacteria clearance. Coinfection with BCG and heat killed M. smegmatis enhanced antigen specific CD4+ T cell responses and reduced mycobacterial survival.

Conclusion
These results suggest that autophagy-inducing M. smegmatis could be used to promote better innate and consequential adaptive immune responses, improving BCG vaccine efficacy.
Coordination of leaf functional traits under climatic warming in an arid ecosystem
Authors: Yu Hongying , Chen Yingting , Zhou Guangsheng , Xu Zhenzhu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Climatic warming is increasing regionally and globally, and results concerning warming and its consequent drought impacts have been reported extensively. However, due to a lack of quantitative analysis of warming severities, it is still unclear how warming and warming-induced drought influence leaf functional traits, particularly how the traits coordinate with each other to cope with climatic change. To address these uncertainties, we performed a field experiment with ambient, moderate and severe warming regimes in an arid ecosystem over 4 years.

Results
Severe warming significantly reduced the specific leaf area and net photosynthetic rate with a relatively stable change and even enhancement under moderate warming, especially showing species-specific performance. The current results largely indicate that a coordinated trade-off can exist between plant functional traits in plant communities in a dryland ecosystem under ambient temperature conditions, which is strongly amplified by moderate warming but diminished or even eliminated by severe warming. Based on the present findings and recent results in the relevant literature, we advance the ecological conceptual models (e.g., LES and CSR) in the response to climatic warming in arid grassland communities, where the few key species play a crucial role by balancing their functional performances to cope with environmental change.

Conclusion
Our results highlight the importance of coordination and/or trade-off between leaf functional traits for understanding patterns of climatic change-induced vegetation degradation and suggest that the plant community composition in these drylands could be shifted under future climate change.
Prediction of microvascular obstruction by coronary artery angiography score after acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a single-center retrospective observational study
Authors: Li Ziwen , Yin Hongbin , Wang Dehua , Zhang Yayun , Feng Yongli , Zhou Yi , Zhou Ying 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Some coronary artery angiography (CAG) scores are associated with the no-reflow phenomenon after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, quality evidence regarding the association between the CAG scores and microvascular injury is still needed. Our study aimed to validate the ability of the CAG scores in predicting microvascular obstruction (MVO) detected by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging.

Methods
From October 2020 to October 2021, 141 consecutive patients with acute STEMI who underwent primary PCI and CMR were retrospectively reviewed. CMR imaging was performed between 3 and 7 days after PCI. The patients were divided into MVO and non-MVO group based on the CMR results. Three CAG scores (SYNTAX score, SYNTAX II score and Gensini score) were used to assess the severity of coronary artery atherosclerotic burden.

Results
A total of 122 patients were included (mean age 60.6 ± 12.8 years). MVO occurred in 51 patients (41.8%). Patients with MVO had higher SYNTAX scores, SYNTAX II scores and Gensini scores than those without MVO (all p < 0.001). The Gensini score (r = 0.567, p < 0.001) showed the strongest correlation with infarction size than SYNTAX score (r = 0.521, p < 0.001) and SYNTAX II score (r = 0.509, p < 0.001). The areas under the receiver operator characteristic curves of SYNTAX score, SYNTAX II score and Gensini score for predicting MVO patients were 0.726, 0.774 and 0.807. In multivariable regression analysis, peak troponin I (odd ratio [OR] = 1.236, p = 0.001) and SYNTAX II score (OR = 11.636, p = 0.010) were identified as independent predictors of MVO.

Conclusions
In patients with acute STEMI undergoing primary PCI treatment, the peak troponin I and SYNTAX II score may be an independent predictor of MVO.
Association between usual alcohol consumption and risk of falls in middle-aged and older Chinese adults
Authors: Sun Yue , Zhang Baiyang , Yao Qiang , Ma Yao , Lin Yidie , Xu Minghan , Hu Meijing , Hao Jingjing , Jiang Min , Qiu Changjian , Zhu Cairong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies exploring usual alcohol consumption and falls risk were scarce in China. In addition, the dose–response relationship has not been explored so far. This study aims to estimate the association between usual alcohol consumption and risk of falls among middle-aged and older Chinese adults based on data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), which is representative of the population of the entire country.MethodsBaseline survey data in 2015 and follow-up data in 2018 in CHARLS were utilized. Alcohol consumption was calculated in grams per day (gr/day) according to self-reported drinking data and categorized accordingly to The Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents (DGC) 2016. Fall was obtained from self-reported information. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate the association of usual alcohol consumption with risk of falling. The dose–response relationship was also explored using restricted cubic splines.ResultsA total of 12,910 middle-aged and older participants were included from the CHARLS 2015, of which 11,667 were followed up in 2018. We found that former, moderate, and excessive drinkers were at higher fall risk compared to never drinkers (former: OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.05–1.46; moderate: OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.06–1.41; excessive: OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.15–1.61) in the longitudinal analysis. Similarly, individuals with moderate and excessive alcohol consumption were at increased risk of falling in the cross-sectional analysis (moderate: OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.02–1.37; excessive: OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.11,1.57). No significant increased risk of falls was found for former drinkers (former: OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.96–1.34). We observed a significant non-linear relationship.ConclusionsOur study suggests that usual alcohol consumption was associated with a higher risk of falls, highlighting the key role of alcohol intake on the fall risk, which needed consideration in developing intervention and prevention strategies for reducing falls among middle-aged and older Chinese adults.