bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and radiographic evaluation of low-speed platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) for the treatment of intra-osseous defects of stage-III periodontitis patients: a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Abdulrahman Yasser Ali , Hosny Manal Mohamed , Elfana Ahmed , Fawzy El-Sayed Karim Mohamed 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimThe current randomized controlled trial assessed for the first time the effect of a low-speed platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) with open flap debridement (OFD) versus OFD alone in the treatment of periodontal intra-osseous defects of stage-III periodontitis patients.MethodsTwenty-two periodontitis patients with ≥ 6 mm probing depth (PD) and ≥ 3 mm intra-osseous defects were randomized into test (PRF + OFD;n = 11) and control (OFD;n = 11) groups. Clinical attachment level (CAL)–gain (primary outcome), PD-reduction, gingival recession depth (GRD), full-mouth bleeding scores (FMBS), full-mouth plaque scores (FMPS), radiographic linear defect depth (RLDD), and radiographic bone fill (secondary-outcomes) were examined over 9 months post-surgically.ResultsLow-speed PRF + OFD and OFD demonstrated significant intra-group CAL-gain and PD- and RLDD-reduction at 3, 6, and 9 months (p < 0.01). Low-speed PRF + OFD exhibited a significant CAL-gain of 3.36 ± 1.12 mm at 6 months (2.36 ± 0.81 mm for the control group;p < 0.05), and a significantly greater PD-reduction of 3.36 ± 1.12 mm at 3 months, of 3.64 ± 1.12 mm at 6 months and of 3.73 ± 1.19 mm at 9 months (2.00 ± 0.89 mm, 2.09 ± 1.04 mm, and 2.18 ± 1.17 mm in the control group respectively;p < 0.05). No significant differences were notable regarding GRD, FMPS, FMBS, RLDD, or bone fill between both groups (p > 0.05).ConclusionsWithin the current clinical trial’s limitations, the use of low-speed PRF in conjunction with OFD improved CAL and PD post-surgically, and could provide a cost-effective modality to augment surgical periodontal therapy of intra-osseous defects of stage-III periodontitis patients.Clinical relevanceLow-speed PRF could provide a cost-effective modality to improve clinical attachment gain and periodontal probing depth reduction with open flap debridement approaches.
Parent, child, and situational factors associated with parenting stress: a systematic review
Authors: Fang Yuan , Luo Jie , Boele Marloes , Windhorst Dafna , van Grieken Amy , Raat Hein 
Published: July 2022

AbstractParenting stress has been related to adverse health outcomes in parents, children, and their families. This systematic review aimed to provide an overview of parental, child, and situational factors related to parenting stress in mothers and fathers. We searched Embase, Medline Epub (Ovid), PsychInfo (Ovid), Web of Science, and Google scholar for studies published between January 1980 and May 2021 evaluating the association between at least one factor and parenting stress. Studies were included only if they reported the association in a general population sample of mothers and fathers with children aged 0–12 years. The parent–child relationship model by Abidin guided the data synthesis. Quality of the evidence was assessed using the Standard Quality Assessment Criteria for Evaluating Primary Research Papers from a variety of fields. In total, 29 studies were included with excellent quality (55%), good (31%), and adequate (14%) methodological quality. There was evidence of an association between maternal depression, child overall problems, child externalizing and internalizing problems, social support, maternal educational level and maternal parenting stress. Evidence was inconsistent for an association between maternal anxiety, family income and maternal parenting stress. There was no evidence of an association for maternal age, child sex and maternal parenting stress. Several modifiable factors (i.e., parental depression and social support) were identified that might guide the development of preventive interventions. Future research should employ longitudinal study designs evaluating protective and risk factors and the pathways that lead to parenting stress, among both fathers and mothers.
The added value of advance demand information for the planning of a repair kit
Authors: Rippe Christoph , Kiesmüller Gudrun P. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this paper the repair kit problem is studied, where technicians have to visit several customers to repair broken appliances (such as copiers or heating systems) and they can only take a limited set of parts with them (called the repair kit). In this problem, it has to be decided which spare parts to include in the repair kit. We consider a version of this problem in which partial advance demand information is available. That means we divide the set of parts into two subsets, where the condition of parts in one subset is monitored by sensors. In case an appliance fails and a repair job is requested by a customer the service provider is able to access this sensor data before a technician visits the customer. For this setting, we derive an expression for the job fill rate, which is used as a constraint in the optimization model, where holding and replenishment costs are minimized. We use a greedy heuristic to determine near-optimal repair kits. In a numerical study, we find that integrating advance demand information yields substantial cost savings. In order to find out for which parts having advance demand information is most valuable, we examine the effect of parts’ demand probabilities and their prices. We find that monitoring parts that are expensive and likely to fail leads to the largest cost savings. In particular, the price of the monitored parts and the achievable cost savings are strongly correlated.
Semi-discrete optimal transport: hardness, regularization and numerical solution
Authors: Taşkesen Bahar , Shafieezadeh-Abadeh Soroosh , Kuhn Daniel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSemi-discrete optimal transport problems, which evaluate the Wasserstein distance between a discrete and a generic (possibly non-discrete) probability measure, are believed to be computationally hard. Even though such problems are ubiquitous in statistics, machine learning and computer vision, however, this perception has not yet received a theoretical justification. To fill this gap, we prove that computing the Wasserstein distance between a discrete probability measure supported on two points and the Lebesgue measure on the standard hypercube is already$$\#$$#P-hard. This insight prompts us to seekapproximatesolutions for semi-discrete optimal transport problems. We thus perturb the underlying transportation cost with an additive disturbance governed by an ambiguous probability distribution, and we introduce a distributionally robustdualoptimal transport problem whose objective function is smoothed with the most adverse disturbance distributions from within a given ambiguity set. We further show that smoothing the dual objective function is equivalent to regularizing the primal objective function, and we identify several ambiguity sets that give rise to several known and new regularization schemes. As a byproduct, we discover an intimate relation between semi-discrete optimal transport problems and discrete choice models traditionally studied in psychology and economics. To solve the regularized optimal transport problems efficiently, we use a stochastic gradient descent algorithm with imprecise stochastic gradient oracles. A new convergence analysis reveals that this algorithm improves the best known convergence guarantee for semi-discrete optimal transport problems with entropic regularizers.
Iodine Images in Dual-energy CT: Detection of Hepatic Steatosis by Quantitative Iodine Concentration Values
Authors: Beck Stefanie , Jahn Laurenz , Deniffel Dominik , Riederer Isabelle , Sauter Andreas , Makowski Marcus R. , Pfeiffer Daniela 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Hepatic steatosis is a common condition and an early manifestation of a systemic metabolic syndrome. As of today, there is no broadly accepted method for the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis in contrast-enhanced CT images. This retrospective study evaluates the potential of quantitative iodine values in portal venous phase iodine images in dual-energy CT (DECT) by measuring iodine concentrations in regions of interest (ROI) and analyzing the absolute iodine concentration of the liver parenchyma as well as three different blood-normalized iodine concentrations in a study cohort of 251 patients. An independent two sample t-test (p < 0.05) was used to compare the iodine concentrations of healthy and fatty liver. Diagnostic performance was assessed by ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve analysis. The results showed significant differences between the average iodine concentration of healthy and fatty liver parenchyma for the absolute and for the blood-normalized iodine concentrations. The study concludes that the iodine uptake of the liver parenchyma is impaired by hepatic steatosis, and that the measurement of iodine concentration can provide a suitable method for the detection of hepatic steatosis in quantitative iodine images. Suitable thresholds of quantitative iodine concentration values for the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis are provided.
Role of neopterin as an inflammatory biomarker in congestive heart failure with insights on effect of drug therapies on its level
Authors: Dogheim Gaidaa M. , Amralla Mohamed T. , Werida Rehab H. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractInflammation has a major role in the pathogenesis of heart failure (HF). It triggers a cascade that leads to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines which in turn cause cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, apoptosis, negative inotorpy and leukocyte recruitment which worsen the condition. Neopterin is an inflammatory biomarker which is released as a response to macrophage activation. Levels of neopterin are elevated in conditions which has an immunological component such as autoimmune disease, viral and bacterial infections and malignancy. Neopterin levels were found to be elevated in patients with HF. This is due to the fact that inflammation takes place during the development of the condition. Studies demonstrated that neopterin can be used as a biomarker for diagnosing HF, determining severity of the disease and monitoring its progression. Neopterin levels were higher in patients with New York Heart Association classification (NYHA) III–IV more than class I–II. Moreover, neopterin levels correlated well with morbidity and mortality. It has been suggested that neopterin be monitored levels to determine effectiveness of HF treatment options.
Graphical abstract
Biased survival expectations and behaviours: Does domain specific information matter?
Authors: Costa-Font Joan , Vilaplana-Prieto Cristina 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe study the formation of biased expectations across domains and examine whether they have a unique influence on health and financial behaviors. Combining individual-level longitudinal, retrospective, and end of life data from several European countries for more than a decade, we estimate the time-varying individual level bias in ‘survival expectations' (BSE) and compare it to a similar type of bias in the formation of ‘meteorological expectations' (BME). We exploit the variation across individual's family history (parental age at death) to evaluate the causal effect of BSE on health and financial behaviors, and we compare it to the effect of BME. This allows to investigate whether the BSE effect is due to private information, or another mechanism.We find that BSE increases the likelihood of engaging in less risky health and financial behaviors. We estimate that a one standard deviation increase in BSE reduces the average individual probability of smoking by 48% (and increase the probability of holding retirement accounts by 69%). In contrast, BME has little effect on healthy behaviors, and is only associated with a change in some financial behaviors.
Clinical and imaging features of melanotic neuro-ectodermal tumor of infancy of the maxillary bone: report of four cases and review of the literature
Authors: Guo Yujiao , Liu Ying , Wang Xingang , Li Gang , Yu Guoxia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMelanotic neuro-ectodermal tumor of infancy (MNTI) is an extremely rare tumor. The purpose of this study was to describe the imaging features of maxillary bone MNTIs and introduce the key points for clinical diagnosis of MNTI. We retrospectively reviewed four patients with histology-proven MNTIs arising from the maxillary bone. All patients underwent ultrasonic inspections, CT and/or MR scanning. Combined with previously literature, the imaging features were comprehensively evaluated and analyzed. All MNTIs showed a firm, non-ulcerated rapidly-growing soft-tissue swelling with pigmented (blue-colored or black-colored or gray-colored) mucosa. The onset ages were younger than 6 month-old. CT images showed osteolytic or expansive bone destruction of the involved maxillae, fragmentary cortical bone, “free-floating” tooth germs, with or without spiculated/sunburst periosteal reaction. The tumor appeared lightly hyper-intense on T2-weighted sequences, while isointense or lightly hypo-intense or lightly hyper-intense signal on T1-weighted sequences. Enhanced images all displayed heterogeneous enhancement. No metastasis features of lymph nodes or abdominal organs were demonstrated by cervical and abdominal ultrasonic inspections. As a conclusion, accurate recognition of the imaging features of MNTI combined with history and clinical manifestations (early infancy, painless, firm, pigmented mucosa, non-ulcerating lesion) can provide clues for diagnosis of this rare entity.
Evaluation of the local decoupling of livestock and cropland in the Huang-Huai-Hai region
Authors: Du Zhiwei , Liu Yuexian , Ding Jingtao , Zou Guoyuan , Hu Zhengyi , Zhang Ruili 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDecoupling livestock and cropland production at regional scale have poor resource-use efficiency and detrimental effects on environment in China. It is therefore necessary to identify the decoupled livestock and cropland production system and make recommendations to recouple livestock and cropland. This study used the indexes of land carrying capacity (LCC), animal manure absorption capacity (AMAC), and risk warning value (R) to evaluate the coupling between cropland and livestock at the local scale in the Huang-Huai-Hai region. The decoupling of cropland and livestock in the case of Beijing (SY_BJ) was found assessed with lower theoretical value of LCC and higher theoretical value of AMAC compared with local actual situation, categorized as grade IV with a high R value (above 1). Contrary results were found that the livestock and cropland production systems were coupled at the local scale in the cases located in Hebei and Shandong Provinces, categorized as grade I or II. Two measures were used to optimize the decoupled case by adjusting the ratio of manure to fertilization or reducing breeding quantity. The decoupled case of SY_BJ could be optimized by adjusting the ratio of manure to fertilization (95.34% based on nitrogen and 81.97% based on phosphorus, respectively). The breeding quantity in this case should be reduced by at least 46% to recouple the livestock and cropland at the local level to manage nutrient surpluses from livestock and poultry breeding.
Uptake and photoinduced degradation of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in Ulva lactuca highlight its potential application in environmental bioremediation
Authors: Savoca Dario , Lo Coco Riccardo , Melfi Raffaella , Pace Andrea 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The bioaccumulation of phthalates was studied in fragments of Ulva lactuca exposed for a maximum of 31 days at different concentrations of a solution of six phthalic acid esters (PAEs). The algal matrix showed rapid uptake since the first sampling, which increased over the time of the experimental period, at the end of which seaweed’s bioaccumulation potential was also evaluated. After the uptake, the algal matrix was subjected to UV irradiation in order to verify the removal of the phthalates. PAEs with higher octanol–water partition coefficients (logKow) and molecular weights were preferentially uptaken by U. lactuca in all the exposure experiments. It was observed that both accumulation (biota-sediment accumulation factor (log10BSAF) ranging from 3.75 to 4.02) and photodegradation (higher than 70% removal for all phthalates in 8 h) are more efficient at lower concentration levels. These results suggest the potential use of the algal matrices for environmental bioremediation, in order to mitigate the impact of pollution from ubiquitous pollutants such as PAEs.
Influence of plastic fines content on the liquefaction susceptibility of sands: cyclic loading
Authors: Goudarzy Meisam , Sarkar Debdeep , Wichtmann Torsten 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe paper presents an experimental study on the effect of plastic fines content on the undrained behavior and liquefaction susceptibility of sand-fines mixtures under cyclic loading. The results of undrained cyclic triaxial tests conducted on mixtures of Hostun sand with varying amounts (0–20%) and types (kaolin and calcigel bentonite) of plastic fines are presented. The specimens were prepared with different initial densities using the moist tamping method, consolidated at the same isotropic effective stress of 100 kPa and subjected to different deviatoric stress amplitudes. From the experimental observations, it was found that sand-clay mixtures with 10% or 20% clay content showed a lower cyclic liquefaction resistance than pure sand. Furthermore, the reduction in the cyclic stress ratio resulting in liquefaction after twenty cycles was found larger for sand-kaolin mixtures than for the sand-calcigel ones. Possible explanations are provided.
Health-Economic Evaluation of the German Osteoporotic Fracture Prevention Program in Rural Areas (OFRA): Mobility and Falls Prevention Classes, Examination of Bone Health, and Consultation on Safety in the Living Environment
Authors: Konnopka Claudia , Büchele Gisela , Rothenbacher Dietrich , Roigk Patrick , Rapp Kilian , König Hans-Helmut 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Fragility fractures are one of the leading causes of disability in older adults. Yet, evidence for effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of preventive approaches combining bone health and fall prevention is rare.

Objective
To conduct a health-economic evaluation of the German osteoporotic fracture prevention program in rural areas (OFRA).

Design
Secondary cluster–randomized intervention study based on routine data.

Participants
All districts in five federal states in Germany were cluster-randomized as intervention or control districts. OFRA was offered to community-living (a) women aged 75–79 years or (b) women and men aged 70–84 years with a prior fragility fracture in the intervention districts. Individuals who meet these criteria in the control districts were assigned to the control group.

Intervention
OFRA comprised mobility and falls prevention classes, examination of bone health by bone density measurement, and consultation on safety in the home living environment.

Main Measures
We measured health-care costs and effectiveness in terms of time to fragility fracture or death within 1 year after initial contact, based on health insurance claims data. Implementation costs were recorded by the intervention performers. We calculated an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) and employed the net-benefit approach to construct a cost-effectiveness acceptability curve (CEAC).

Key Results
There were 9408 individuals in the intervention group and 27,318 in the control group. Mean time to fragility fracture or death (difference: 0.82 days) and health-care costs (difference: 111.73€, p < .01) were reduced, but mean intervention costs (difference: 260.10€) increased total costs (difference: 148.37€, p < .001) in the intervention group. The ICER per fracture-free year of survival was 66,094.63€. The CEAC showed no acceptable probability of cost-effectiveness at a reasonable willingness to pay.

Conclusion
OFRA showed reduced rates of fragility fractures, but had high implementation costs, resulting in an unfavorable ICER. The cost-effectiveness of OFRA may improve with a longer follow-up.
Tunnel-structured willemite Zn2SiO4: Electronic structure, elastic, and thermal properties
Authors: Dai Ruqiao , Cheng Renfei , Wang Jiemin , Zhang Chao , Li Cuiyu , Wang Hailong , Wang Xiaohui , Zhou Yanchun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWillemite Zn2SiO4 crystallizes in such a way that Zn and Si are tetrahedrally coordinated with O in an ionic-covalent manner to form ZnO4 and SiO4 tetrahedra as the building units. The tetrahedra are corner-sharing, of which one SiO4 tetrahedron connects eight ZnO4 tetrahedra, and one ZnO4 tetrahedron links four ZnO4 tetrahedra and four SiO4 tetrahedra. The unique crystallographic configuration gives rise to parallel tunnels with a diameter of 5.7 Å along the c-axis direction. The tunnel structure of Zn2SiO4 definitely correlates with its interesting elastic and thermal properties. On the one hand, the elastic modulus, coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), and thermal conductivity are low. Zn2SiO4 has low Vickers hardness of 6.6 GPa at 10 N and low thermal conductivity of 2.34 W/(m·K) at 1073 K. On the other hand, the elastic modulus and CTE along the c-axis are significantly larger than those along the a- and b-axes, showing obvious elastic and thermal expansion anisotropy. Specifically, the Young’s modulus along the z direction (Ez = 179 GPa) is almost twice those in the x and y directions (Ex = Ey = 93 GPa). The high thermal expansion anisotropy is ascribed to the empty tunnels along the c-axis, which are capable of more accommodating the thermal expansion along the a- and b-axes. The striking properties of Zn2SiO4 in elastic modulus, hardness, CTE, and thermal conductivity make it much useful in various fields of ceramics, such as low thermal expansion, thermal insulation, and machining tools.
Online Communities and Gambling Behaviors — a Systematic Review
Authors: Savolainen Iina , Sirola Anu , Vuorinen Ilkka , Mantere Eerik , Oksanen Atte 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Purpose of Review
The internet and virtual environments have enabled the formation of online communities around a variety of interests. Online communities focused on gambling are increasingly popular and attract users to interact and share ideas and experiences with likeminded others. This study reviews evidence from the latest research examining the role of online communities in gambling behaviors and gambling problems.

Recent Findings
A systematic literature search resulted in 17 studies. Research shows that online communities are used for diverse reasons like discussing gambling experiences and problems, sharing tips, and celebrating winnings with others. These reasons of online community use can have both adaptive and maladaptive implications. Online gambling communities often grow through social means by inviting friends or social media contacts to join. Active users of online gambling communities are more likely at-risk or problem gamblers.

Summary
Online communities have an increasingly central role in learning about gambling, continuing, and spreading of gambling behaviors. Participation in communities that support harmful gambling habits involves risks for problem gambling.