bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving τf and thermal conductivity of Ba(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 microwave dielectric ceramics by ordered domain engineering
Authors: Shi Rui Da , Liu Lu , Zhu Xiao Li , Chen Xiang Ming 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe effects of B‐site 1:2 ordering and ordered domain structure upon temperature coefficient of resonant frequency and thermal conductivity were systematically investigated for Ba(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 microwave dielectric ceramics. These characteristics could be significantly improved by the means of ordered domain engineering. The temperature coefficient of resonant frequency apparently reduced with increasing ordering degree (from 32.07 ppm/°C for disordered samples to 28.03 ppm/°C for samples with ordering degree of 0.886), while the thermal conductivity significantly increased (from 3.23 W m−1 K−1 to 3.72 W m−1 K−1) at room temperature. The increased thermal conductivity resulted from the reduced phonon scattering, while the improved temperature coefficient of resonant frequency was due to the increased bond covalency, which contributed to the decreased . The present results will provide an efficient way to improve the performance of microwave dielectric ceramics for resonator applications for 5G mobile communication system.
The influence of the processing parameters on the reactive flash sintering of ZrO2‐CeO2
Authors: Ingraci Neto Rubens Roberto , Kardoulaki Erofili , Valdez James Anthony 
Published: February 2022

AbstractReactive flash sintering (RFS) is a method that was recently developed to produce dense single‐phase bulk ceramic parts through solid‐state reactions in a single‐step that only takes a few minutes. The influence of the RFS parameters on the phase purity of a simple mixed oxide, (Zr0.8,Ce0.2)O2, was investigated. Parameters such as furnace temperature, furnace atmosphere, electric current density, and alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC) were examined. It was found that (Zr0.8,Ce0.2)O2 pellets with high densities, above 90% of its theoretical density, can be produced by RFS in a few minutes when RFS occurs under oxidizing atmospheres, AC fields with current densities of 100 mA·mm−2, and at a furnace temperature of 1200°C. Reducing conditions such as Ar‐H2 atmosphere and DC fields, low furnace temperatures, and low current densities resulted in phase impurities and poor reactions between the ZrO2 and the CeO2 powders. These results show that RFS is a useful method to produce mixed oxides, but it is very sensitive to the processing parameters. This is the first time that the influence of most of the RFS processing parameters has been studied systematically. Thus, the present work aims to provide guidelines on selecting the right processing parameters when exploring RFS.
‘Closer to the Market’: EU Research Governance and Symbolic Power
Authors: Gengnagel Vincent , Zimmermann Katharina , Büttner Sebastian M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAdding to vital debates in EU Studies about the executive power of European governance, this article analyses the influence of EU research funding in the social sciences. The standardization and enforcement of norms, principles, and language codes, we argue, play a crucial role in EU governance. Applying a mixed‐method approach, we show that mastery of the ‘EU language game’ does more than help scholars obtain EU funding; it also generates individual and disciplinary frictions, since it requires a subtle re‐orientation of social‐scientific research towards political goals. Our study sheds light on strategies used by scientists who find themselves enmeshed in this language game, from euphoric adaptation to reluctant lip service. Since these academic strategies play out in the relative autonomy of liberal EU governance, the explicit focus on market integration is accompanied by a less explicit interest in matters of political representation and identity formation.
Prosthetic and orthodontic rehabilitation of a patient with severe maxillary central incisor root resorption associated with impacted maxillary canines
Authors: Takaoka Ryota , Ikeda Rieko , Isogai Yukako , Ishigaki Shoichi , Kibayashi Hiroyuki , Yamashiro Takashi , Yatani Hirofumi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis case report describes the orthodontic and prosthetic rehabilitation of a patient with resorption of the roots of the maxillary central incisors due to the ectopic maxillary canines.Clinical ConsiderationsA 16‐year‐old woman presented with severe resorption of the roots of the maxillary central incisors due to the ectopic maxillary canines. The impacted canines were orthodontically tracted with a lingual arch‐supporting temporary central incisors and vertical elastics, and, undesirable root proximity was later corrected by moving the canines distally 1.5 mm apart. Gingival replacement cords were placed into the gingival sulcus of the canines, and tooth preparation was performed along with rotary gingival curettage of the interdental papilla. Convex form was provided for the mesial and labio‐distal subgingival contour of the restorations.ConclusionsThe creeping attachment of the interdental papilla was successfully achieved by the orthodontic arrangement of interdental distance and the prosthetic stimulus via the retraction cord, rotary curettage, and convex mesial subgingival contours. In addition, selective retraction of the labio‐distal gingiva by overcontoured restorations moved the gingival zenith position (GZP) distally. Finally, the canine crown morphology and gingival level mimicked the central incisors.Clinical SignificanceThis clinical report introduces a treatment workflow of to recover the esthetic disturbance due to severe root resorption of the maxillary central incisors associated with impacted maxillary canines. The present orthodontic and prosthetic procedure can improve both hard and soft tissue esthetics and could be used in similar cases, such as malformed teeth and tooth autotransplantation or transposition with disturbances in the interdental papilla height or the GZP.
Gluteal subcutaneous adipose tissue in women of different ages and body mass index observed by magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Hexsel Doris , Dal’Forno Dini Taciana , Belem Luciana , Tanure Correa Isabella , Brandão Alice 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a recognized method to assess the morphological characteristics of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). This study aimed to assess objectively different characteristics of SAT of women with different ages and body mass index (BMI) using MRI.Materials and MethodsRetrospective, observational study. Pelvic‐MRI exams of 133 women aged between 15 and 80 years, with BMI 16–30 kg/m2 were assessed.ResultsThere was a moderate positive correlation between the total fat thickness and the BMI (r = 0.64; p < 0.0001) considering the entire sample. Within the different age groups, strong positive correlation was observed for age groups 15 to 30 years (r = 0.76; p < 0.0001) and 46 to 60 years (r = 0.75; p < 0.0001), and moderate positive correlation in the others (r = 0.61; p < 0.0001 [31–45 years] and r = 0.53; p < 0.0001 [>61 years‐old]). There was no correlation between age and fat layer thickness. Correlation between deep fat layer thickness and BMI showed similar pattern to that of the total fat layer. Within the different BMI groups, SAT thickness tends to decrease with aging in patients with low BMI.ConclusionInside each age group, the average thickness of the total fat layer increases according to BMI. The results suggest that BMI influences the thickness of SAT throughout life and how SAT changes with age in patients with different BMI. In patients with moderate BMI, the thickness of SAT remains stable.
Does omalizumab use in chronic spontaneous urticaria results in improvement in sexual functions?
Authors: Durmaz Koray , Ataseven Arzu , Temiz Selami Aykut , Isik Begum , Dursun Recep 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundChronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a disease that can affect the patient's quality of life (QoL), sexual functions, and mood.ObjectiveWe planned a retrospective study to investigate the effects of omalizumab use in CSU patients on sexual function. We also aimed to evaluate the sexual function, quality of life (QoL), and mood of CSU patients compared to the control group consisting of idiopathic pruritus patients.MethodsA review of patients’ records with CSU attending the dermatology outpatient clinic from January 2020 to June 2020 was done. Urticaria activation score (UAS7), Beck depression inventory (BDI), Dermatology life quality index (DLQI), female sexual function index (FSFI) to female participants, and the international index of erectile function (IIEF) to male participants were used to assess the impact of the disease on patients’ life. The obtained data were analyzed by using SPSS software.ResultsEach one of the mean UAS, BDI, and DLQI score values decreased significantly in weeks in omalizumab group patients. IIEF score in male patients and FSFI score in female patients also increased in weeks in omalizumab group patients.ConclusionsOmalizumab can play an effective role in enhancing the sexual function of CSU patients in addition to improving their DLQI.
Dissecting Conglomerate Valuations
Authors: BOGUTH OLIVER , DUCHIN RAN , SIMUTIN MIKHAIL 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTWe develop a new method to estimate Tobin's Qs of conglomerate divisions without relying on standalone firms. Divisional Qs differ considerably from those of standalone firms across industries, over time, and in their sensitivity to economic shocks. The differences are explained by intraconglomerate covariance structures and access to internal capital markets that mitigate external financing frictions. Consequently, the Qs capture variation in the allocation of assets in the economy: within firms through internal capital markets and across focused and diversified firms through diversifying acquisitions. Overall, our method provides opportunities to study the economic mechanisms that explain corporate diversification.
Place‐based investment and neighborhood change: The impacts of New Markets Tax Credits on jobs, poverty, and neighborhood composition
Authors: Theodos Brett , Stacy Christina , Teles Daniel , Davis Chris , Hariharan Ananya 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe undertake the first study of the New Markets Tax Credit (NMTC) program that estimates the impacts of different types of projects on expected outcomes. We also explore an enhanced set of outcome measures that allows us to understand the mechanisms behind the impacts of the program and how it affects the composition of neighborhoods. To do so, we first create a typology of NMTC project types and then use a difference in differences approach to estimate the impact of NMTC projects on their expected outcomes, including firms, jobs, residents with jobs, median income, poverty rate, population, population with a bachelor's degree, and turnover rate. For each project that we expect would lead to an increase in the number of firms in a neighborhood, we find that an average of 18 new firms enter. Similarly, for projects with anticipated job and income effects, we find 101 new jobs in the community and 27 more residents in the neighborhood with jobs, along with modestly higher incomes and a decline in neighborhood poverty rate of 0.7%. However, we cannot determine whether there are economic gains for pre‐existing residents since we also find an increase in the number of adults with a college degree large enough to account for the increases in residents with jobs and wages and for much of the estimated decline in poverty. An event study analysis shows that for firms, pre‐existing trends might threaten a causal interpretation of the estimates, but these pre‐trends do not exist for new jobs in the community or residents in the neighborhood with jobs.
The NAFLD‐MAFLD debate: Is there a Consensus‐on‐Consensus methodology?
Authors: Fouad Yasser , Dufour Jean‐François , Zheng Ming‐Hua , Bollipo Steven , Desalegn Hailemichael , Grønbaek Henning , Gish Robert G. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPolarizing opinions have recently arisen in hepatology on the name and redefinition of fatty liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction. In spite of growing and robust evidence of the superior utility of the term metabolic (dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) definition for clinical and academic practice, controversy abounds. It should therefore come, as no surprise that the most common arguments used in contrarian op‐eds is that there are no consensus on any name change. In this context, we suggest that discourse on an accurate understanding of what scientific consensus means, the various methods of achieving consensus, as well as other alternative models for reaching agreement is pivotal for the field. In this opinion piece, we provide an overview of these aspects as it applies to the case of fatty liver disease. We provide evidence that consensus on a change from non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to MAFLD has already been achieved. We believe that the time has come for redirecting stakeholder focus and energy on capitalizing on the momentum generated by the debate to improve the lives of people at its centre, our patients.
Impact of calcineurin inhibitor‐free immunosuppression on de novo donor‐specific antibody formation in liver transplant recipients
Authors: Meszaros Magdalena , Dubois Valérie , Congy‐Jolivet Nicolas , Hamada Sarah , Thevenin Céline , Faure Stephanie , Boillot Olivier , Kamar Nassim , Pageaux Georges‐Philippe , Del Bello Arnaud , Dumortier Jérôme 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackground & AimsLow calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) levels expose liver transplant recipients to rejection episodes and potentially to antibody‐mediated rejection. There are little data on the impact of CNI‐free immunosuppression on de novo donor‐specific HLA antibody (dnDSA) development. Here we evaluated the prevalence of dnDSA in liver transplant recipients on CNI‐free maintenance regimens and their associations with histopathological abnormalities of allografts.MethodsSeven hundred and twenty‐seven liver transplant recipients underwent a first liver transplant between 2000 and 2018 in three French transplant centres and had protocolized follow‐up with dnDSA screening and allograft biopsy 1, 5 and 10 years after transplantation.ResultsCNIs were withdrawn in 166 (22.8%) patients with or without conversion to mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors and/or maintenance with mycophenolic acid. DSA were present after withdrawal in 30.1% (50/166) patients on CNI‐free immunosuppression compared with 16% (90/561) on CNI maintenance therapy (p < 0.001). The cumulative incidence of dnDSA 10 years after transplant was 20% in the CNI group versus 28% in the CNI‐free group (p < 0.01). dnDSAs were associated with histological graft abnormalities (significant allograft fibrosis or rejection) (HR 2.24, 95% CI 1.2–4.1; p = 0.01). In univariate Cox regression analysis, being on a CNI‐free regimen did not impact graft histology.ConclusionsPatients on a CNI‐free IS regimen have a higher prevalence of dnDSA than patients on a standard IS regimen. dnDSAs but not CNI‐free immunosuppression were associated with abnormal allograft histology.
Longitudinal extensive transverse myelitis: A presentation of IgG4‐related disease
Authors: Oliveira Vanessa , Moura João , Pinto Eduarda , Santos Ernestina 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe neurological involvement by IgG4‐related disease is not completely understood. We report the case of a patient that developed progressive paraparesis and urinary retention. The spinal MRI revealed a longitudinal extensive transverse myelitis, and the CSF was inflammatory. Anti‐AQP4 and anti‐MOG antibodies were negative in a live cell‐based assay. IgG4 level was 231 mg/dL in serum, twice the upper limit of normal. Later, mediastinal lymphadenopathies and intermediate uveitis were discovered, which are features of IgG4‐related disease leading to the diagnosis. This case highlights that IgG4‐related disease should be included in the differential diagnosis of spinal cord syndromes.
SnRK2 subfamily I protein kinases regulate ethylene biosynthesis by phosphorylating HB transcription factors to induce ACO1 expression in apple
Authors: Jia Meiru , Li Xingliang , Wang Wei , Li Tianyu , Dai Zhengrong , Chen Yating , Zhang Kaikai , Zhu Haocheng , Mao Wenwen , Feng Qianqian , Liu Liping , Yan Jiaqi , Zhong Silin , Li Bingbing , Jia Wensuo 
Published: February 2022

Summary

Ethylene (ETH) controls climacteric fruit ripening and can be triggered by osmotic stress. However, the mechanism regulating ETH biosynthesis during fruit ripening and under osmotic stress is largely unknown in apple (Malus domestica).

Here, we explored the roles of SnRK2 protein kinases in ETH biosynthesis related to fruit ripening and osmoregulation. We identified the substrates of MdSnRK2‐I using phosphorylation analysis techniques. Finally, we identified the MdSnRK2‐I‐mediated signaling pathway for ETH biosynthesis related to fruit ripening and osmoregulation.

The activity of two MdSnRK2‐I members, MdSnRK2.4 and MdSnRK2.9, was significantly upregulated during ripening or following mannitol treatment. Overexpression of MdSnRK2‐I increased ETH biosynthesis under normal and osmotic conditions in apple fruit. MdSnRK2‐I phosphorylated the transcription factors MdHB1 and MdHB2 to enhance their protein stability and transcriptional activity on MdACO1. MdSnRK2‐I also interacted with MdACS1 and increased its protein stability through two phosphorylation sites. The increased MdACO1 expression and MdACS1 protein stability resulted in higher ETH production in apple fruit. In addition, heterologous expression of MdSnRK2‐I or manipulation of SlSnRK2‐I expression in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit altered fruit ripening and ETH biosynthesis.

We established that MdSnRK2‐I functions in fruit ripening and osmoregulation, and identified the MdSnRK2‐I‐mediated signaling pathway controlling ETH biosynthesis.
Meta‐Skepticism
Authors: Risberg Olle 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe epistemological debate about radical skepticism has focused on whether our beliefs in apparently obvious claims, such as the claim that we have hands, amount to knowledge. Arguably, however, our concept of knowledge is only one of many knowledge‐like concepts that there are. If this is correct, it follows that even if our beliefs satisfy our concept of knowledge, there are many other relevantly similar concepts that they fail to satisfy. And this might give us pause. After all, we might wonder: What is so great about the concept of knowledge that we happen to have? Might it be more important, epistemically speaking, to investigate whether our beliefs satisfy some other relevantly similar concept instead? And how should questions such as these even be understood? This paper discusses the epistemological significance of these issues. In particular, a novel skeptical stance called ‘meta‐skepticism’ is introduced, which is a kind of skepticism about the idea that some knowledge‐like concepts are epistemically more important than others. It suggested that it is unclear whether this form of skepticism can be avoided.
Education level is associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with amnestic‐mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Inamura Keisuke , Shinagawa Shunichiro , Nagata Tomoyuki , Tagai Kenji , Nukariya Kazutaka , Shigeta Masahiro 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe examined differences in the severity of neuropsychiatric symptom (NPS) subsyndromes according to education level among patients with amnestic‐mild cognitive impairment (a‐MCI) with the aim of identifying patient demographics related to NPS subsyndromes.MethodsOverall, 140 patients with a‐MCI were included. We divided the patients into three groups according to their educational level (primary education, middle education, and high education) and compared their demographics. To explore the severity of NPS subsyndromes according to educational level, we used the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) after adjustments for the Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) score. Finally, NPS subsyndromes that were identified as being related to educational level were further explored using a general linear model (GLM).ResultsSignificant differences in several demographics were observed among the three groups. Among the NPS subsyndromes, the scores for aggressiveness were significantly higher in the primary and high education groups than in the middle education group, while the apathy/eating problem scores were significantly higher in the primary education group than in the other groups. The GLM analyses showed that aggressiveness was related to marital status and the Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview (ZBI‐J) score, while apathy/eating problems were related to the instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) percentage, the ZBI‐J score, and the education level in years.ConclusionsAmong NPS subsyndromes, aggressiveness and apathy/eating problems differed according to education level in patients with a‐MCI. A GLM analysis suggested that not only education level, but also various other factors should be considered when determining the need for NPS interventions.
Comparing impacts of meditation training in focused attention, open monitoring, and mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy on emotion reactivity and regulation: Neural and subjective evidence from a dismantling study
Authors: Brown Kirk Warren , Berry Daniel , Eichel Kristina , Beloborodova Polina , Rahrig Hadley , Britton Willoughby B. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCommonly conducted mindfulness‐based trainings such as Mindfulness‐based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and Mindfulness‐based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) highlight training in two key forms of meditation: focused attention (FA) and open monitoring (OM). Largely unknown is what each of these mindfulness practices contributes to emotional and other important training outcomes. This dismantling trial compared the effects of structurally equivalent trainings in MBCT, FA, and OM on neural and subjective markers of emotional reactivity and regulation among community adults, with the aim to better understand which forms of training represent active ingredients in mindfulness trainings. Participants with varying levels of depressive symptoms were randomized to one of the three trainings. Before and after each 8‐week training, N = 89 participants completed a modified version of the Emotional Reactivity and Regulation Task while electroencephalographic (EEG) and self‐reported emotional responses to negative, positive, and neutral photographic images were collected. Examination of EEG‐based frontal alpha band asymmetry during passive viewing (reactivity) and active regulation phases of the task showed that FA and MBCT trainings produced significant leftward hemispheric shifts in frontal alpha asymmetry, commonly associated with a shift toward approach‐based positive affect. Self‐reported emotional responses to negative images corroborated these results, suggesting salutary changes in both emotional reactivity and regulation. OM training had limited beneficial effects, restricted to the subjective outcomes. The findings suggest that MBCT may derive its greatest benefit from training in FA rather than OM. Discussion highlights the potential value of FA training for emotional health.