bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Ordovician of the Korean Peninsula: a synthesis
Authors: Lee Jeong-Hyun , Hyun Cho Se , Choh Suk-Joo , Hong Jongsun , Lee Byung-Su , Lee Dong-Chan , Lee Dong-Jin , Lee Seung-Bae , Park Jino , Woo Jusun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The Ordovician succession of the Korean Peninsula is part of the Cambro-Ordovician Joseon Supergroup exposed in the Taebaeksan Basin of South Korea and the Pyeongnam Basin of North Korea. This review summarizes the advances made on these successions over the past two decades, focusing on the Taebaeksan Basin. The Ordovician succession in the Taebaeksan Basin comprises the Taebaek, Yeongwol, Yongtan, Pyeongchang and Mungyeong groups, of which the Taebaek and Yeongwol groups have been studied in detail. These strata are mixed carbonate–siliciclastic deposits formed in peritidal to deep-subtidal environments. Sedimentological and palaeontological studies show that the Korean Ordovician succession represents local variations of the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event, exemplified by reef evolution, changes in sedimentary systems and changes in invertebrate fossil assemblages. Recent studies of the Yongtan, Pyeongchang and Mungyeong groups have demonstrated that these units are important for understanding the tectonic evolution of the Taebaeksan Basin. The Ordovician strata in the Taebaek Group are generally similar to those of the Pyeongnam Basin and North China; however, the Upper Ordovician–Devonian strata between the two Korean basins show palaeontological affinities to those of South China, perhaps recording the Permo-Triassic collision between the Sino-Korean (North China) and South China blocks.
The Ordovician System in the Levant region (Middle East) and southern Turkey: review of depositional facies, fauna and stratigraphy
Authors: Elicki Olaf , Meischner Tim , Gürsu Semih , Ghienne Jean-François , Masri Ahmad , Moumani Khaled Ali , Demircan Huriye 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This contribution addresses the current state of knowledge of the mainly siliciclastic Ordovician rocks in Jordan, Syria and southern Turkey, including advances in palaeontology, stratigraphy, depositional facies analysis and supra-regional correlation.
The extensive and excellent exposures of the sedimentary succession in southern Jordan represent the regional reference for the Ordovician System in the southern Levant. We discuss the sedimentological and faunal characteristics as well as the stratigraphy and correlation of the succession. For the northern Levant (especially southeastern Turkey) and the western and eastern Taurides, the Ordovician succession and an updated sedimentary architecture is explained, and a comprehensive correlation for the region is presented. Increased knowledge on the fossil content from these regions enables correlation across the southern parts of the Arabian Plate to southern Turkey, and with the greater Gondwanan regions, far field as southwestern Europe and northern Africa. The depositional environments in the southern and northern Levant and southern Turkey encompass non-marine to shallow-marine areas in the lower part of the Ordovician that are followed upsection by shelf deposits of variable proximity up to the glacial episode in the Late Ordovician that is traceable in each of the areas. Characteristic signals in the Ordovician succession are represented by the trans-regional early Darriwilian unconformity and by the base of the Hirnantian glacial-related deposits followed by lower Silurian strata, visible across the entire region. New data from zircon-based provenance analysis clearly implicate the Arabian Shield as the main source of a huge amount of the clastic detritus within the Ordovician succession. In the course of the entire Cambrian–Ordovician interval, progressive deeper erosion of the Arabian Shield occurred. Sediment sources from regions farther away indicate long time of exposure and resedimentation, and some long-distance transportation, but their sedimentary influence was only of minor extent. The excellent outcrops mainly in southern Jordan, in southeastern Turkey and in the Taurides represent potential regions for further research.
Precise Subtyping for Asynchronous Multiparty Sessions
Authors: Ghilezan Silvia , Pantović Jovanka , Prokić Ivan , Scalas Alceste , Yoshida Nobuko 
Published: October 2022

Session subtyping is a cornerstone of refinement of communicating processes: A process implementing a session type (i.e., a communication protocol)
T
can be safely used whenever a process implementing one of its supertypes
T
′ is expected, in any context, without introducing deadlocks nor other communication errors. As a consequence, whenever
T
≤
T
′ holds, it is safe to replace an implementation of
T
′ with an implementation of the subtype
T
, which may allow for more optimised communication patterns. We present the first formalisation of the
precise
subtyping relation for
asynchronous multiparty
sessions. We show that our subtyping relation is
sound
(i.e., guarantees safe process replacement, as outlined above) and also
complete
: Any extension of the relation is unsound. To achieve our results, we develop a novel
session decomposition
technique, from
full
session types (including internal/external choices) into
single input/output session trees
(without choices). We cover
multiparty
sessions with
asynchronous
interaction, where messages are transmitted via FIFO queues (as in the TCP/IP protocol), and prove that our subtyping is both operationally and denotationally precise. Our session decomposition technique expresses the subtyping relation as a composition of refinement relations between single input/output trees and provides a simple reasoning principle for asynchronous message optimisations.
XEngine: Optimal Tensor Rematerialization for Neural Networks in Heterogeneous Environments
Authors: Schuler Manuela , Membarth Richard , Slusallek Philipp 
Published: October 2022

Memory efficiency is crucial in training deep learning networks on resource-restricted devices. During backpropagation, forward tensors are used to calculate gradients. Despite the option of keeping those dependencies in memory until they are reused in backpropagation, some forward tensors can be discarded and recomputed later from saved tensors, so-called
checkpoints
. This allows, in particular, for resource-constrained heterogeneous environments to make use of all available compute devices. Unfortunately, the definition of these checkpoints is a non-trivial problem and poses a challenge to the programmer—improper or excessive recomputations negate the benefit of checkpointing.

In this article, we present XEngine, an approach that schedules network operators to heterogeneous devices in low memory environments by determining checkpoints and recomputations of tensors. Our approach selects suitable resources per timestep and operator and optimizes the end-to-end time for neural networks taking the memory limitation of each device into account. For this, we formulate a mixed-integer quadratic program (MIQP) to schedule operators of deep learning networks on heterogeneous systems. We compare our MIQP solver XEngine against Checkmate [
12
], a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) approach that solves recomputation on a single device. Our solver finds solutions that are up to 22.5% faster than the fastest Checkmate schedule in which the network is computed exclusively on a single device. We also find valid schedules for networks making use of both central processing units and graphics processing units if memory limitations do not allow scheduling exclusively to the graphics processing unit.
Reimagining Cancer: Moving from the Cellular to the Tissue Level
Authors: Demicheli Romano , Hrushesky William J.M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe current universally accepted explanation of cancer origin and behavior, the somatic mutation theory, is cell-centered and rooted in perturbation of gene function independent of the external environmental context. However, tumors consist of various epithelial and stromal cell populations temporally and spatially organized into an integrated neoplastic community, and they can have properties similar to normal tissues. Accordingly, we review specific normal cellular and tissue traits and behaviors with adaptive temporal and spatial self-organization that result in ordered patterns and structures. A few recent theories have described these tissue-level cancer behaviors, invoking a conceptual shift from the cellular level and highlighting the need for methodologic approaches based on the analysis of complex systems. We propose extending the analytical approach of regulatory networks to the tissue level and introduce the concept of "cancer attractors." These concepts require reevaluation of cancer imaging and investigational approaches and challenge the traditional reductionist approach of cancer molecular biology.
Targeting the Siglec–Sialic Acid Immune Axis in Cancer: Current and Future Approaches
Authors: Läubli Heinz , Nalle Sam C. , Maslyar Daniel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe sialic acid–binding immunoglobulin-like lectin (Siglec)–sialic acid immune axis is an evolutionarily conserved immunoregulatory pathway that provides a mechanism for establishing self-recognition and combatting invasive pathogens. Perturbations in the pathway lead to many immune dysregulated diseases, including autoimmunity, neurodegeneration, allergic conditions, and cancer. The purpose of this review is to provide a brief overview of the relationship between Siglecs and sialic acid as they relate to human health and disease, to consider current Siglec-based therapeutics, and to discuss new therapeutic approaches targeting the Siglec–sialic acid immune axis, with a focus on cancer.
GATA4 Regulates Developing Endocardium Through Interaction With ETS1
Authors: Zhou Pingzhu , Zhang Yan , Sethi Isha , Ye Lincai , Trembley Michael A. , Cao Yangpo , Akerberg Brynn N. , Xiao Feng , Zhang Xiaoran , Li Kai , Jardin Blake D. , Mazumdar Neil , Ma Qing , He Aibin , Zhou Bin , Pu William T. 
Published: October 2022

Background:
The pioneer transcription factor (TF) GATA4 (GATA Binding Protein 4) is expressed in multiple cardiovascular lineages and is essential for heart development. GATA4 lineage-specific occupancy in the developing heart underlies its lineage specific activities. Here, we characterized GATA4 chromatin occupancy in cardiomyocyte and endocardial lineages, dissected mechanisms that control lineage specific occupancy, and analyzed GATA4 regulation of endocardial gene expression.

Methods:
We mapped GATA4 chromatin occupancy in cardiomyocyte and endocardial cells of embryonic day 12.5 (E12.5) mouse heart using lineage specific, Cre-activated biotinylation of GATA4. Regulation of GATA4 pioneering activity was studied in cell lines stably overexpressing GATA4. GATA4 regulation of endocardial gene expression was analyzed using single cell RNA sequencing and luciferase reporter assays.

Results:

Cardiomyocyte-selective and endothelial-selective GATA4 occupied genomic regions had features of lineage specific enhancers. Footprints within cardiomyocyte- and endothelial-selective GATA4 regions were enriched for NKX2-5 (NK2 homeobox 5) and ETS1 (ETS Proto-Oncogene 1) motifs, respectively, and both of these TFs interacted with GATA4 in co-immunoprecipitation assays. In stable NIH3T3 cell lines expressing GATA4 with or without NKX2-5 or ETS1, the partner TFs re-directed GATA4 pioneer binding and augmented its ability to open previously inaccessible regions, with ETS1 displaying greater potency as a pioneer partner than NKX2-5. Single-cell RNA sequencing of embryonic hearts with endothelial cell–specific
Gata4
inactivation identified
Gata4
-regulated endocardial genes, which were adjacent to GATA4-bound, endothelial regions enriched for both GATA4 and ETS1 motifs. In reporter assays, GATA4 and ETS1 cooperatively stimulated endothelial cell enhancer activity.

Conclusions:
Lineage selective non-pioneer TFs NKX2-5 and ETS1 guide the activity of pioneer TF GATA4 to bind and open chromatin and create active enhancers and mechanistically link ETS1 interaction to GATA4 regulation of endocardial development.
Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin 9 (PCSK9) Promotes Macrophage Activation via LDL Receptor-Independent Mechanisms
Authors: Katsuki Shunsuke , K. Jha Prabhash , Lupieri Adrien , Nakano Toshiaki , Passos Livia S.A. , Rogers Maximillian A. , Becker-Greene Dakota , Le Thanh-Dat , Decano Julius L. , Ho Lee Lang , Guimaraes Gabriel C. , Abdelhamid Ilyes , Halu Arda , Muscoloni Alessandro , V. Cannistraci Carlo , Higashi Hideyuki , Zhang Hengmin , Vromman Amélie , Libby Peter , Keith Ozaki C. , Sharma Amitabh , Singh Sasha A. , Aikawa Elena , Aikawa Masanori 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Activated macrophages contribute to the pathogenesis of vascular disease. Vein graft failure is a major clinical problem with limited therapeutic options. PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9) increases low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol levels via LDL receptor (LDLR) degradation. The role of PCSK9 in macrophage activation and vein graft failure is largely unknown, especially through LDLR-independent mechanisms. This study aimed to explore a novel mechanism of macrophage activation and vein graft disease induced by circulating PCSK9 in an LDLR-independent fashion.

Methods:

We used
Ldlr
-/-
mice to examine the LDLR-independent roles of circulating PCSK9 in experimental vein grafts. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector encoding a gain-of-function mutant of PCSK9 (rAAV8/D377Y-mPCSK9) induced hepatic PCSK9 overproduction. To explore novel inflammatory targets of PCSK9, we used systems biology in
Ldlr
-/-
mouse macrophages.

Results:

In
Ldlr
-/-
mice, AAV-PCSK9 increased circulating PCSK9, but did not change serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels. AAV-PCSK9 promoted vein graft lesion development when compared with control AAV. In vivo molecular imaging revealed that AAV-PCSK9 increased macrophage accumulation and matrix metalloproteinase activity associated with decreased fibrillar collagen, a molecular determinant of atherosclerotic plaque stability. AAV-PCSK9 induced mRNA expression of the pro-inflammatory mediators IL-1β (interleukin-1 beta), TNFα (tumor necrosis factor alpha), and MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) in peritoneal macrophages underpinned by an in vitro analysis of
Ldlr
-/-
mouse macrophages stimulated with endotoxin-free recombinant PCSK9. A combination of unbiased global transcriptomics and new network-based hyperedge entanglement prediction analysis identified the NF-κB (nuclear factor-kappa B) signaling molecules, lectin-like oxidized LOX-1 (LDL receptor-1), and SDC4 (syndecan-4) as potential PCSK9 targets mediating pro-inflammatory responses in macrophages.

Conclusions:
Circulating PCSK9 induces macrophage activation and vein graft lesion development via LDLR-independent mechanisms. PCSK9 may be a potential target for pharmacologic treatment for this unmet medical need.
Unburnable Fossil Fuels and Climate Finance: Compensation for Rights Holders
Authors: Orta-Martínez Martí , Pellegrini Lorenzo , Arsel Murat , Mena Carlos , Muñoa Gorka 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
To limit the increase in global mean temperature to 1.5°C, CO2 emissions should be capped at 440 gigatons. To achieve this, about 89 percent, 59 percent, and 58 percent of existing coal and conventional gas and oil reserves, respectively, need to remain unburned. This implies an economic cost for fossil fuel rights owners, and any successful climate policy will rely on resolving the distributional challenge of how to allocate the right to use the remaining burnable reserves. We discuss the possibility of compensating rights holders of unburnable oil and gas reserves, producing the first estimates of the financial resources needed to secure full compensation. We estimate that approximately US$ 5,400 billion (109) would be needed. Despite the vast amounts required, compensation is nevertheless economically feasible. We suggest a Keynesian “whatever it takes” approach for climate action, combining partial compensation for unburnable fuels and investment in low-carbon technologies to drastically reduce emissions in the rapidly closing window of opportunity before 2030.
Victims and Ex-Combatants in Colombia: The Aulas de Paz Model of Truth, Forgiveness, and Reconciliation
Authors: Gaviria Juan Camilo , Baron Mendoza Laura , Meernik James 
Published: October 2022

In recent years there has been increasing interest in the interactions and relationships between victims of armed conflict and former members of armed nonstate actors. For many survivors, a critical element of restoration and repair is coming to terms with the violence that was visited upon them. At the same time, many of those who took part in acts of violence have sought to account for and apologize for their behavior—to unburden themselves of their knowledge, recover their own lost humanity, and be reconciled with those whom they victimized. The victim and the perpetrator are both vital elements in any effort at truth telling and reconciliation and ultimately the successful reincorporation of ex-combatants into the population. The method used by Aulas de Paz (Classrooms of Peace) in Colombia is effective in fostering interaction between ex-combatants and victims that can contribute to truth, forgiveness, and reconciliation. It is a theoretically grounded strategy of individual and collective healing that can help advance restorative justice in states affected by armed conflict. Los últimos años han visto un creciente interés en las interacciones y relaciones entre víctimas de conflictos armados y antiguos miembros de actores armados no estatales. Para muchos sobrevivientes, aceptar la violencia que se les impuso resulta un elemento crítico para la restauración y reparación. Al mismo tiempo, muchos de quienes participaron en actos de violencia han buscado rendir cuentas y disculparse por su comportamiento con el objeto de librarse de su conocimiento, recuperar la propia humanidad perdida y reconciliarse con aquellos a quienes victimizaron. La víctima y el perpetrador son elementos vitales en cualquier esfuerzo por hablar la verdad, fomentar la reconciliación y, en última instancia, reincorporarar exitosamente a los excombatientes a la población. El método utilizado por Aulas de Paz en Colombia fomenta de manera efectiva la interacción entre excombatientes y víctimas, asunto que puede contribuir a la verdad, el perdón y la reconciliación. Se trata de una estrategia teóricamente fundamentada de sanación individual y colectiva que puede promover la justicia restaurativa en los estados afectados por conflictos armados.
Is telehealth an effective and feasible option for improving falls-related outcomes in community-dwelling adults with neurological conditions? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Thwaites Claire , Nayyar Rohini , Blennerhassett Jannette , Egerton Thorlene , Tan Jasmine , Bower Kelly 
Published: October 2022

Objective To determine the effectiveness of telehealth interventions in reducing community falls risk or rates compared to equivalent in-person interventions in adults with neurological conditions. Data Sources Eight electronic databases, trial registries and search engines were searched for the concepts ‘falls’, ‘neurological conditions’, and ‘telehealth’, limited to English language, from inception until August 2022. Review methods Search for original research where the intervention was delivered via synchronous videoconferencing with the aim of reducing falls and falls-related outcomes. Screening and risk of bias assessment were completed by two independent researchers. Outcome data included falls rates, falls-related outcomes, safety, feasibility, and acceptability. Risk of bias was assessed using the ROB-2 and ROBINS-I tools. Quality of evidence was rated with the grading of recommendations, assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE) approach. Results Seventeen studies with 581 participants were included; six were randomised controlled trials. Risk of bias ranged from low to high. Only one study ( n = 76) reported falls and did not find differences between telehealth and in-person physiotherapy. There was low-quality evidence that telehealth interventions improve balance outcomes more than face-to-face interventions (pooled between-group mean difference 2.48 Berg Balance Scale units, 95%CI 0.77 to 4.20). Fear of falling was not different between intervention delivery modes. Conclusion Findings suggest that telehealth delivered falls prevention interventions are safe, feasible and acceptable in community-dwelling adults with neurological conditions, however, data related to effectiveness in reducing falls is limited. Low-quality evidence suggests that telehealth may deliver similar or better outcomes for standing balance in this population. PROSPERO Registration: (CRD42021240167).
Exercise therapy improves pain and mouth opening in temporomandibular disorders: A systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Idáñez-Robles Ana M , Obrero-Gaitán Esteban , Lomas-Vega Rafael , Osuna-Pérez María C , Cortés-Pérez Irene , Zagalaz-Anula Noelia 
Published: October 2022

Objective To analyse the effectiveness of exercise therapy in improving pain and active or passive maximum mouth opening in patients with temporomandibular disorders. Data sources PubMed Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL Complete and Physiotherapy Evidence Database, until April 2022, in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Review methods We included randomized controlled trials evaluating the effect of exercise therapy on pain and on active and passive maximum mouth opening in patients with temporomandibular disorders. Effect size was calculated using Cohen's standardized mean difference (SMD) and their 95% confidence interval (95% CI) in a random-effects model. Results A total of 16 studies with 812 participants were included. Exercise therapy is effective in reducing pain (SMD: −0.58; 95% CI: −1.01 to −0.12) and increasing the pain pressure threshold (SMD: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.14–0.76), active and passive maximum mouth opening (SMD: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.14–0.71 and SMD: 0.4; 95% CI: 0.06–0.75, respectively). Subgroup analyses showed more effect of exercise therapy more splints versus splints on pain (SMD: −0.5; 95% CI: −0.73 to −0.26), active and passive maximum mouth opening (SMD: 1.14; 95% CI: 0.22–2.07 and SMD: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.06–1.06, respectively). On pain pressure threshold, exercise therapy was better than physiotherapy approach (manual therapy and electrotherapy) (SMD: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.09–0.87). Conclusions Therapeutic exercise is an effective therapy to reduce pain and increase pain pressure threshold and active and passive maximum mouth opening in patients with temporomandibular disorders.