bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Locking Versus Non-Locking Miniplates in the Treatment of Mandibular Fractures in Above 35 Years Age Patients
Authors: Faheem Ahmed Pirwani  , Hamza Hassan Mirza  , Maria Tahir  , Muhammad Umar Farooq  , Zahoor Ahmed Rana  , Wajeeha Walayat  
Published: July 2022

Objective: To compare the frequency of short term post-operative infection of locking plates versus non-locking plate in mandibular fractures in patients above 35 years of age.
Methodology: A randomized controlled study was conducted at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad from January 2018 to January 2019, involving a 100 patients (50 patients in each group). On the basis of history, clinical features, orthopantomogram (OPG) and intraoperative findings, the diagnosis of mandibular fractures was established. Group A patients were treated with reduction and fixation of fracture with locking miniplates and miniscrews following champyâ€™s principle of osteosynthesis. Whereas in group B patients, fractures were reduced and fixed with non-locking miniplates and miniscrews following champyâ€™s principle of osteosynthesis.
Results: Effect modifiers such as age, gender, and type of fracture were controlled by stratification. A post-stratification chi-square test was applied. The 1 patient that had infection in group A had an age range 50- 65 years (53 years) (P value: 0.197) while the 2 patients that had infection in group B were younger in age range of 35-50 years (36 years and 38 years) (P value: 0.322). The 1 patient who had infection in group A was female (P value: 0.043) while the 2 patients of group B who had infection were also females (P value: 0.027). In group A, only 1 patient had infection at the para-symphysis of mandible according to site (P value: 0.494). In group B, 1 patient had infection at para-symphysis of mandible and 1 at the body of the mandible site (P value: 0.599).Â The results were not statistically significant in terms of infection by the end of 3rd week.
Conclusion: The study concludes that insignificant post-operative infection rates while managing mandibular fractures either by locking plates or non-locking plates.Â
Association of Skeletal Muscle Strength and Body Fat Distribution on Pulmonary Functions
Authors: Abdul Rahman Mohammed Alhowikan  
Published: July 2022

Objectives: The body's muscle strength and fat distribution are essential for a normal, healthy life.Â This study aimed to assess a link between pulmonary function tests, upper and lower extremity muscular strength, and body fat distribution in Saudi males.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of physiology at the College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A total of 106 participants were invited, ranging from 20-47 years old. The participants were divided into three groups, with ages ranging from 20-29 years old, 30-39 years old, and 40â€“47 years old. The handgrip and thigh muscle strength was assessed using isometric dynamometry. Pulmonary function tests were performed according to the American Thoracic Society's guidelines and recommendations.
Results: There was no significant difference between the three age groups in upper and lower limb muscle strength. The handgrip strength was stable from 20 to 47 years, ranging from 37 to 39. The thigh muscle strength was not affected by age among the three age groups. Skinfold measurement of the upper body showed no significant differences in biceps and triceps. However, skinfold measurements of subscapular and supra iliac were different significantly.
Conclusion: There was no association between the age groups in upper and lower limbs muscle strength. Itâ€™s suggested that further large studies will be conducted to explore the findings and reach better conclusions.
Preservation of a Large Chinese Banyan on a Construction Site
Authors: Jim C.Y. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTrees on buildings sites are routinely damaged or felled in Hong Kong due to negligence and lax control. In an unprecidented move, the government required the developer of a large well-wooded lot to retain one large Chinese Banyan(Fiscus microcarpa)tree and take necessary measures to ensure its long-term survival. The size, fine condition, species rarity, longevity and setting justify its preservation. Great costs (about US$120,000) was needed mainly to construct a 18 m diameter and 10m deep reinforced concrete planter in site above five stories of shops and carparks. Routine arboricultural inputs, such as phased pruning of crown and roots, installation of aeration and irrigation facilities, and fertilization, are prescribed. Special precautions, including regular monitoring of watering and fertilization to minimize risks of physiological stresses, are justified in view of the costly preservation.
Effect of Environment, Tree Size and Presence of Wetwood Symptoms on Injectability of American Elm
Authors: Stack Robert W. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDuring 1981 and 1982, 134 large elm trees growing on a college campus in Fargo, ND were injected with Arbotect for protection against Dutch Elm Disease. Chemical was applied at the “Minnesota 3X” rate using standard Elm Research Institute injection apparatus. Records were kept for tree size, condition, and wetwood symptoms and for amount of chemical applied and time required for uptake. Weather records were also compared. Findings for both years were similar. Time per tree for a full dose wasnearly constant fortrees of all sizes (25 cm to 95 cm diam). Individual trees were quite variable, the extreme cases differing six-fold. Injections on cool, cloudy or rainy days took longest and those on warm sunny days took least time. Presence of wetwood symptoms on the tree did not correlate with injectability.
MANAGING BOUNDARIES AND MULTIPLE RELATIONSHIPS IN COUNSELLING AND PSYCHOTHERAPY
Authors: Amaglo Dr Emmanuel 
Published: July 2022

This paper discusses boundaries and multiple relationships in Counselling and Psychotherapy. Boundary- crossing is a departure from commonly accepted practices that could potentially benefit clients; a boundary violation is a serious breach that results in harm to clients and is therefore unethical. In addition the paper illustrates the unique ethics of multiple relationships, differing Perspectives on multiple relationships. Legal perspective on multiple relationships and factors to Consider before entering into a multiple relationship. The legal implications pertaining to dual relationships depend on the nature of the relationship and whether the client suffers harm. The terms dual relationships and multiple relationships are used interchangeably in various professional codes of ethics, codes provide some general guidelines, good judgment, the willingness to reflect on one's practices, and being aware of one's motivations are critical dimensions of an ethical practitioner. The ACA (2005) uses the term nonprofessional relationships. In this article the broader term of multiple relationships was used to encompass both dual relationships and nonprofessional relationships. To promote the well-being of clients, clinicians are challenged with balancing their own values and life experiences with ethics codes as they make choices regarding how to best help their clients.
Keywords: Managing Boundaries, Multiple Relationships, and Boundary violation, Boundary Crossing, Counselling and Psychotherapy.
Moderasi Beragama Pada Masa Pandemi Covid 19
Authors: Waroh Muna 
Published: July 2022

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk melihat urgensi moderasi umat beragama untuk dipelajari dan disampaikan kepada masyarakat Indonesia. Mengingat mayoritas masyarakat Indonesia beragama Islam, selain itu masyarakat muslim juga berdampingan dengan non muslim. Tentu hal ini sangat diperlukan tentang ilmu moderasi beragama, guna memberikan pemahaman kepada masyarakat. Adapun metode yang digunakan yakni pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini akan menunjukkan upaya dari pemerintah dalam meningkatkan moderasi umat beragama di Indonesia dengan mencari sebuah solusi dalam mencegah adanya konflik dan perpecahan di masyarakat pada masa pandemi saat ini, sehingga diharapkan masyarakat Indonesia dapat saling bertoleransi antar umat beragama.
Kata Kunci: Moderasi Beragama, Covid 19
Statistical approach to assess radon-222 long-range atmospheric transport modelling and its associated gamma dose rate peaks
Authors: Quérel Arnaud , Meddouni Khadija , Quélo Denis , Doursout Thierry , Chuzel Sonia 
Published: July 2022

Abstract. There is a need for a validation framework for long-range atmospheric transport modelling dedicated to radionuclides. For distances greater than 50 km, the modelling of radionuclide deposition and ambient gamma dose rate evaluation are particularly difficult to validate, since it has been mainly only observed after the accidents of Chernobyl and Fukushima. There is however a natural wet deposition phenomenon leading to numerous well-observed gamma dose rate events: the scavenging of radon-222 progeny by rain. Radon-222 exhalation from the soil to the atmosphere, its decay, its progeny, its own transport, the transport of its progeny, their deposition, and the consequent ambient gamma dose rate are then modelled at the European scale. This whole atmospheric radon model from soil (exhalation) to soil (deposition) needs to be validated by comparison with observations. The biggest benefit of this case study is the number of events that serve as a comparison. For a statistical evaluation of the performance of the model, we compared its results with gamma dose rate observations over a period of two years, gathering more than 15 000 peaks greater than 10 nSv h−1 above the background radiation. Two sets of metrics were used to assess the agreement between the model and observations: on a case by case basis (peak to peak) and continuously (whole time series of gamma dose rates and air concentrations). Particular attention was paid to defining the metrics in order to remove the background radiation level and to exclude outlier stations. We found that 48 % of the gamma dose rate peaks are well modelled, a fraction of which can rise up to 89 % by being more tolerant with the success criteria. The model has proven to be of the correct magnitude, with room for substantial improvement. Overall, the modelling shows better recall than precision: i.e. a tendency to produce more false positives than false negatives. It is also less effective in reproducing the highest peaks. Exhalation, vertical mixing and deposition have been identified as the three main features which could improve this model. Now validated, with all its limitations, the atmospheric radon model may serve for its primary purpose, the validation of atmospheric transport modelling and its input data. It also may serve as a framework to test any exhalation model on a national or continental scale. Moreover, it is useful to learn how to properly use the data of an ambient gamma dose rate network, and how to compare this data to modelled data. Finally, some interesting features concerning the assessment of outdoor concentrations of radon-222 became apparent.
A quadcopter unmanned aerial system (UAS)-based methodology for measuring biomass burning emission factors
Authors: Vernooij Roland , Winiger Patrik , Wooster Martin , Strydom Tercia , Poulain Laurent , Dusek Ulrike , Grosvenor Mark , Roberts Gareth J. , Schutgens Nick , van der Werf Guido R. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Biomass burning (BB) emits large quantities of greenhouse gases (GHG) and aerosols that impact the climate and adversely affect human health. Although much research has focused on quantifying BB emissions on regional to global scales, field measurements of BB emission factors (EFs) are sparse, clustered and indicate high spatio-temporal variability. EFs are generally calculated from ground or aeroplane measurements with respective potential biases towards smouldering or flaming combustion products. Unmanned aerial systems (UAS) have the potential to measure BB EFs in fresh smoke, targeting different parts of the plume at
relatively low cost. We propose a light-weight UAS-based method to measure
EFs for carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4),
and nitrous oxide (N2O) as well as PM2.5 (TSI Sidepak AM520) and
equivalent black carbon (eBC, microAeth AE51) using a combination of a
sampling system with Tedlar bags which can be analysed on the ground and
with airborne aerosol sensors. In this study, we address the main challenges
associated with this approach: (1) the degree to which a limited number of
samples is representative for the integral smoke plume and (2) the performance of the lightweight aerosol sensors. While aerosol measurements
can be made continuously in a UAS set-up thanks to the lightweight
analysers, the representativeness of our Tedlar bag filling approach was
tested during prescribed burning experiments in the Kruger National Park,
South Africa. We compared fire-averaged EFs from UAS-sampled bags for
savanna fires with integrated EFs from co-located mast measurements. Both
measurements matched reasonably well with linear R2 ranging from 0.81
to 0.94. Both aerosol sensors are not factory calibrated for BB particles
and therefore require additional calibration. In a series of smoke chamber
experiments, we compared the lightweight sensors with high-fidelity equipment
to empirically determine specific calibration factors (CF) for measuring BB
particles. For the PM mass concentration from a TSI Sidepak AM520, we found
an optimal CF of 0.27, using a scanning mobility particle sizer and
gravimetric reference methods, although the CF varied for different
vegetation fuel types. Measurements of eBC from the Aethlabs AE51
aethalometer agreed well with the multi-wavelength aethalometer (AE33)
(linear R2 of 0.95 at λ=880 nm) and the wavelength
corrected multi-angle absorption photometer (MAAP, R2 of 0.83 measuring at λ=637 nm). However, the high variability in observed BB mass absorption cross-section (MAC) values (5.2±5.1 m2 g−1) suggested re-calibration may be required for individual fires. Overall, our results indicate that the proposed UAS set-up can obtain representative BB
EFs for individual savanna fires if proper correction factors are applied
and operating limitations are well understood.
A morphotectonic approach to the study of earthquakes in Rome
Authors: Marra Fabrizio , Frepoli Alberto , Gioia Dario , Schiattarella Marcello , Tertulliani Andrea , Bini Monica , De Luca Gaetano , Luppichini Marco 
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Rome has the world's longest historical record of felt earthquakes, with
more than 100 events during the last 2600 years. However, no destructive
earthquake has been reported in the sources, and all of the greatest damage
suffered in the past has been attributed to far-field events. While this
fact suggests that a moderate seismotectonic regime characterizes the Roman
area, no study has provided a comprehensive explanation for the lack of
strong earthquakes in the region. Through the analysis of the focal
mechanism and the morphostructural setting of the epicentral area of a
“typical” moderate earthquake (Ml= 3.3) that recently occurred in the
northern urban area of Rome, we demonstrate that this event reactivated a
buried segment of an ancient fault generated under both a different and a
stronger tectonic regime than that which is presently active. We also show
that the evident structural control over the drainage network in this area
reflects an extreme degree of fragmentation of a set of buried faults
generated under two competing stress fields throughout the Pleistocene.
Small faults and a present-day weaker tectonic regime with respect to that
acting during the Pleistocene might explain the lack of strong seismicity in
the long historical record, suggesting that a large earthquake is not likely
to occur.
Pemeriksaan Trombosit dengan Teknik Homogenisasi Sekunder 4 kali, 8 kali dan Tanpa Homogenisasi Sekunder
Authors: Christyawardani Lidwina Septie Christyawardani , Margareta Haiti  , Ummi Rizky Ramadani  
Published: July 2022

Pemeriksaan trombosit sering dilakukan di laboratotium dalam mendukung diagnosis suatu penyaklit. Pemeriksaan trombosit menggunakan sampel darah yang telah dicampurkan dengan antikoagulan EDTA. Teknik homohgenisasi dilakukann secara inversi dengan membolak balikkan tabung sebanyak 8- 10 kali. Akan tetapi ketika sampel telah diambil dan dilakukan homogenisasi primer sampel darah belum langsung dilakukaun pemeriksaan dikarenakan petugas sampling masih akan keliling untuk mengambil darah pasien lainnya sehingga ketika darah sampai dilaboratorium harus dilakukan homogenisasi kembali. Homogenisasi sekunder ini yang sampai dengan saat ini belum ada ketentuan dan penelitian lebih lanjut. Homogenisasi sekunder yang berbeda beda inilah yang menjadi dasar peneliti untuk dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui hasil pemeriksaan trombosit yang diperlakukan dengan cara tanpa dilakukan homogenisasi sekunder, dilakukan homogenisasi sekunder sebanyak 4 kali dan 8 kali. Penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa untuk pemeriksaan trombosit didapatkan bahwa ada perbedaan pada sampel darah yang dilakukan homogenisasi primer, homogenisasi sekunder tehnik inversi 4 kali, 8 kali dan yang tidak dilakukan homogenisasi. Namun penelitian ini terdapat keterbatasan dalam penelitian yaitu tidak melakukan penelitian teknik homogenisasi dengan cara angka 8.
FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEBERHASILAN ASI EKSKLUSIF PADA IBU BEKERJA
Authors: Janah Nur , Bela Purnama Dewi  
Published: July 2022

The increasing number of working mothers is one of the factors not achieving exclusive breastfeeding. The factors that influence the success of exclusive breastfeeding in working mothers are divided into 3, namely, predisposing factors, enabling factors, and driving factors. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship of factors that influence the success of exclusive breastfeeding in working mothers. The research method used is observational analytic with cross sectional design. The sample in this study was working mothers who had babies aged 6-24 months as many as 40 people who were taken using a total sampling technique. The results of the Chi-Square statistical test showed that the support of work superiors had no relationship to the success of exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.225), the availability of facilities had a relationship with the success of exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.033) and the support of colleagues had no relationship to the success of exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.726) on the success of exclusive breastfeeding. Suggestions for hospitals are expected to increase the support of health workers and work superiors related to the implementation of exclusive breastfeeding so that the success of exclusive breastfeeding for working mothers will increase.
Keywords: Workplace Support, Success of Exclusive Breastfeeding
Reading Materials : 15 (2018-2021)
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP TERHADAP PERILAKU IBU DALAM MENGHADAPI MENOPAUSE
Authors: Pratiwi Suprianto  , Lisda Maria  
Published: July 2022

Latar belakang: Menopause merupakan tahapan yang tak terhindarkan dalam kehidupan reproduksi setiap wanita. Tahapan ini terkadang membuat wanita menjadi tidak siap dan memiliki perilaku negative karena pengetahuan dan sikap yang belum menerima. Survey di kelurahan 23 ilir Palembang menunjukkan sebagian besar perilaku menghadapi menopause masih kurang baik. Tujuan: untuk mengetahui hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Terhadap Perilaku Ibu dalam Menghadapi Menopause di Puskesmas 23 Ilir Palembang Tahun 2022. Metode: Design penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasional analitik dengan pendekatan crossectional. Populasi yang diambil pada penelitian ini adalah semua wanita yang mengalami premenopause, jumlah keseluruhan 887 wanita premenopause di Puskesmas 23 Ilir dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 81 orang. Analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi product moment yang dilanjutkan regresi linear sederhana. Hasil: didapatkan ada hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap dengan perilaku ibu dalam menghadapi menopause di Puskesmas 23 Ilir Palembang Tahun 2022 (p value < 0,05). Model persamaan regresi pada pengetahuan yaitu Y= 34,628 + 0,314 Pengetahuan. Model persamaan regresi pada sikap yaitu Y= 4,135 + 0,911 sikap. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa pengetahuan memiliki pengaruh 9,8% terhadap variable perilaku dan sikap memiliki pengaruh 55,0% terhadap variable perilaku. Saran: disarankan untuk mengembangkan model pendidikan kesehatan bagi wanita premenopause dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap sehingga dapat menangani masalah menopause.
Kata kunci : Pengetahuan, Sikap, Perilaku, menopause
KARAKTERISTIK KEJADIAN HIPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM (HEG) DI RUMAH SAKIT PALEMBANG TAHUN 2021
Authors: Sri Handayani  
Published: July 2022

Kematian Ibu menurut WHO (World Health Organization, 2014) sekitar yaitu 830 wanita meninggal karena komplikasi kehamilan atau persalinan di seluruh dunia setiap hari. Hiperemesis Gravidarum adalah mual dan muntah yang berlebihan pada wanita hamil sampai mengganggu pekerjaan sehari-hari karena pada umumnya menjadi buruk karena terjadi dehidrasi. Tujuan mengetahui karakteristik Kejadian Hiperemesis Gravidarum di Rumah Sakit Muhammadiyah Palembang Tahun 2021. Metode penelitian menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif yang bersifat deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan Retrospektif. Populasi adalah ibu hamil yang dirawat di ruang kebidanan sebanyak 828 orang dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 270 orang yang diambil dengan cara Simple Random Sampling. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan Uji chi-square didapatlkan hasil bahwa terdapat hubungan antara kejadian hiperemesis dengan umur ibu (p value = 0,041), paritas (p value = 0,043), pendidikan (p value = 0,022), dan pekerjaan (p value = 0,001). Saran bagi RS Muhammadiyah Palembang agar meningkatkan penyuluhan mengenai hiperemesis gravidarum pada ibu hamil sehingga ibu hamil bisa dengan mudah mengenal tanda dan gejala HEG.
Transmission Lags of Monetary Policy: Probing into Pakistan's Untamed Inflation
Authors: Rehman Muhammad Atiq-ur- , Nasim Ismat , Ayub Muahammad , Hussain Altaf 
Published: July 2022

Monetary policy has been frequently used by many developing countries including Pakistan to curb inflation and smoothen macroeconomic fluctuations. In the near past, it has been observed that monetary tightening has been futile in curbing inflation in many developing economies including Pakistan especially after COVID-19. There is always a time lag before the money supply affects price level or other macroeconomic variables. This study focuses on the transmission mechanism of monetary policy in Pakistan by using monthly data on money supply and inflation for the period 2014:M01 to 2022:M05. After checking stationarity of the series, distributive lag model is estimated using least square method. It is found that there exists a sluggishness in the effectiveness of monetary policy in Pakistan and 4 to 5 months lag exists before the monetary policy exhibits its influence on inflation. It is also noticeable that the lag structure of monetary policy has been changed over time in Pakistan.