bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Patients Decision Aids on Shared Decision‐Making and Patient Satisfaction Prior to Pelvic Floor Surgery
Authors: Athey Ruth , Bugeja Roberta , Jones Georgina , Jha Swati 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveEvaluate usability and utility of National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) Patient Decision Aid's (PtDA's) for pelvic floor surgery. PtDA's reviewed were uterine prolapse, vault prolapse and stress urinary incontinence (SUI).DesignTen women given the PtDA's during routine clinical care were recruited from each cohort and underwent a semi‐structured interview with a clinical researcher.SettingUrogynaecology outpatients in an NHS tertiary teaching hospital.Population or SampleWomen considering surgical management of uterine/vault prolapse or SUI. Exclusion criteria included those under 18, unable to communicate in English or not eligible for all surgical options discussed in the PtDA's.MethodsA qualitative, semi‐structured interview evaluating women's opinions of the decision aid and the way in which they utilised the PtDA was conducted. The interviews were recorded and transcribed prior to undertaking thematic analysis utilising NVivo software.Main Outcome MeasureThe outcomes of interest were feedback for content, language, format and usage of the PtDA's and women's usage of PtDA's in decision‐making.ResultsAmendments suggested included removal of mesh from the SUI PtDA as this is not routinely available on the NHS and addition of a statement regarding the use of mesh in prolapse surgery. Additional anatomical diagrams were suggested. The need for a robust and regular update system was highlighted as was the provision of foreign language, audio and electronic versions.ConclusionsPtDA's need updating to ensure relevant content. Clear, detailed and relevant information is required alongside active clinician engagement to reach a mutually agreeable treatment plan.
Description and provider perspectives on a school‐based speech/mental health co‐therapy model for students with intellectual/developmental disabilities
Authors: Müller Eve , Offutt Kelly , Kern Ann , Oginz Jessica , Stromberg Michael 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to (a) provide a detailed description of how one school in the United States developed decision‐making guidelines for implementing a speech‐language/mental health (SLP/MHP) co‐therapy service delivery model, and (b) summarize study findings based on interviews conducted with school‐based speech‐language pathologists (SLPs), school‐based licensed mental health providers (MHPs), and administrators about their perceptions of using this co‐therapy model to provide services to students with intellectual/developmental disabilities (e.g., autism) and co‐occurring language and mental health support needs. We used qualitative analysis to identify key themes from the 19 interviews we conducted with school‐based staff, including SLPs, MHPs and administrators. Thematic analysis indicated that: (a) students demonstrated progress during co‐therapy and benefited from its more holistic approach to complex, interdisciplinary content and skills; (b) SLPs felt more confident handling their students' emotional regulation needs, challenging behaviours and/or other mental health support needs; and (c) MHPs felt more confident adapting language to make therapeutic content accessible to their students with language support needs. Interviewees also discussed logistical challenges and recommendations for further guidance/training. Findings from interviews indicate that SLP/MHP co‐therapy may offer a promising service delivery option for students with intellectual/developmental disabilities receiving both speech‐language and mental health services through their individualized education programs (IEPs).
The role of Hox genes in shaping embryonic external morphology of the primitive insect Thermobia domestica (Zygentoma)
Authors: Lu Hu‐Na , Zhang Peiyan , Wang Yifan , Luo Kai , Yan Ziyu , Zeng Mei , Lv Ya‐Nan , Bai Shali , Zeng Jiaming , Li Sheng , Bai Yu , Luan Yun‐Xia 
Published: February 2025

AbstractInsects represent one of the most evolutionarily successful groups, with their diversity hypothesized to be related to the regulatory roles of Hox genes, a set of related genes encoding homeodomain transcription factors determining the identity of segments along the anterior‐posterior axis of the embryo. However, functional insights into the roles of Hox genes in primitive ametabolous insects, which represent the critical transition from aquatic crustaceans to winged insects, have been limited. In this study, we identified complete protein‐coding sequences of 10 Hox genes in the Zygentoma Thermobia domestica, and applied clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) / CRISPR‐associated nuclease 9 (Cas 9) mediated gene knockout (KO) to decipher their functions. We found that the roles of pb, Dfd, and Scr are vital in specifying the appendages of the head in T. domestica, and these roles are relatively conserved in crustaceans and winged insects. Antp is essential for the development of the prothorax segment and the first pair of legs in T. domestica. Ubx and abd‐A fully repress appendage development in the abdomen of T. domestica, which implies a functional switch from crustaceans to insects. Additionally, the role of ftz in segmenting the abdomen of T. domestica suggests it has acquired new functions in primitive insects, beyond its traditional Hox‐like roles. Although KOs of lab, Hox3, and Abd‐B did not result in obvious external phenotypic changes, they led to a significant decrease in hatching rates and substantial deviations in daily survival numbers compared to the negative control. These findings underscore the indispensable roles of all Hox genes during the embryonic development of T. domestica. Our study sheds new light on the functional evolution of Hox genes in ametabolous insects and enhances our understanding of the genetic underpinnings of insect development and diversification.
Ergonomics in Dermatological Surgery: An International Survey Among Dermatologists
Authors: Lim Puo Nen , Kelly Aine Sinead , Lawrence Marc , Hunt William Thomas Nicholas 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThere is a high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain among dermatological surgeons, particularly in the neck, upper and lower back, and shoulders. We performed an international survey which revealed a lack of ergonomic education and use of ergonomic tools in dermatological surgery. Most respondents were aware of bad posture during surgery, but few regularly checked their posture. Behavioural interventions, such as alternating between standing and sitting, and taking frequent breaks, are recommended to reduce pain. Ergonomic workstation adaptations, including the use of surgical loupes, good lighting and adjustable stools, are crucial for reducing strain.
Less trash, more treasure. Waste production and reduction in Orthopaedic surgery
Authors: Drobetz Nikolas , Xu Joshua , Chang David , Hazan Daniel , Collins William , Drobetz Herwig 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundThe operating theatre generates substantial waste, raising environmental concerns. This study quantified the waste generated during four common orthopaedic procedures and identified recyclable materials. It also assessed the associated carbon footprint to highlight opportunities for sustainable waste management.MethodsThis prospective study was conducted at a single regional hospital in New South Wales, Australia, from July to September 2024. Sixty procedures were analysed: 15 total knee arthroplasties (TKA), 15 total hip arthroplasties (THA), 15 ankle fracture fixations, and 15 hand injury surgeries. Waste was categorized as landfill, recyclable, or biohazardous. Landfill waste was further analysed for potentially recyclable components, with data extrapolated to nationwide operation numbers. Carbon dioxide emissions were calculated using the formula tCO2‐e = Q × EF, where Q is waste weight, EF is the emission factor (0.879), and tCO2‐e is tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions.ResultsAcross 60 procedures, 425.7 kg of waste was generated, averaging 8.2 kg per case. TKA produced the most waste (11.7 kg per case), while hand injury surgeries generated the least (3.9 kg per case). Potentially recyclable waste constituted 12% of landfill waste, with TKA having the highest recyclable proportion (13%). Recyclable materials comprised 44% of total waste. Proper segregation could reduce up to 75 t of CO2‐emissions annually from TKA alone in Australia.ConclusionsA significant portion of orthopaedic theatre waste is recyclable, offering opportunities to reduce the carbon footprint of surgeries. Improved staff training and recycling facilities are crucial for optimizing waste management in healthcare.
Robot‐assisted resection of oesophageal leiomyoma: a single‐centre retrospective analysis of 57 cases
Authors: Wang Ruizhen , Guo Yuhang , Duan Xiaofeng , Jiang Hongjing 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundsOesophageal leiomyoma is the most common benign tumour of the oesophagus, and complete tumour enucleation is the preferred treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical application and technical advantages of Robotic‐assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (RATS) during the resection of oesophageal leiomyoma.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on patients who underwent robotic surgery for oesophageal diseases at our hospital from September 2017 to December 2023. Demographic statistics and clinical pathological characteristics, intraoperative and postoperative outcomes, immune histopathological staining, tumour pathology diagnosis and follow‐up were analyzed.ResultsA total of 57 patients were enrolled in the study, including 42 males and 15 females with an average age of 49 years All patients received surgical treatment, with 54 patients undergoing robot‐assisted resection of oesophageal tumour, one patient undergoing conversion to thoracotomy, and two patients undergoing exploratory surgery. The mean surgical time was 130 minutes, and the mean blood loss was 50 mL. Of the 55 patients who underwent tumour resection, 54 were pathologically diagnosed as oesophageal leiomyoma and one as atypical leiomyoma. Only one patient developed pulmonary infection after surgery, and there was no perioperative mortality. The average postoperative hospital stay was 9 days. All patients were followed up for a median time of 16 months (range: 1 to 70 months), and there was no recurrence or long‐term complications after surgery.ConclusionRobot‐assisted resection of oesophageal leiomyoma is safe and feasible, and can provide ideal short‐and medium‐term results.
Reframing spontaneous preterm birth as a preventable adverse outcome—A clinical audit of a preventative toolbox
Authors: Ramachandran Aparna , Perez Darazel , Gordon Adrienne , Hyett Jon 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIntroductionSpontaneous preterm birth is a major cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality and has traditionally been viewed as an inevitable event affecting a small proportion of pregnancies. Clinical practice guidelines recommend measures to predict pregnancies at risk of spontaneous preterm birth and prophylactic treatments. We performed this study to assess adherence to current guidelines for prediction and prevention of spontaneous preterm birth and to evaluate the effectiveness of current predictive tools.Material and MethodsRetrospective audit of all spontaneous preterm birth in singleton pregnancies preceded by spontaneous labor or preterm prelabor rupture of membranes less than 37 weeks at an Australian metropolitan hospital from January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2020. Termination of pregnancy and fetal abnormalities were excluded. Electronic medical record data was collected for maternal demographic information, antenatal care and use of current predictive measures, use of prophylactic treatments, and pregnancy and newborn outcomes.ResultsTwo hundred sixty‐seven spontaneous preterm births were included, comprising 3.5% of all births over the study period. Seventy‐eight percent of these were in women defined as low‐risk for preterm birth. Screening for bacteriuria was performed in 59.1% and 65.9% of low‐ and high‐risk women, respectively. Cervical length measurement was performed in 65% and 72% of low‐ and high‐risk women; only 10.7% of low‐risk and 11.4% of high‐risk women with sPTB had a short cervix prior to 24+6 weeks gestation. The mean gestational age at birth was 34+0 and 35+0 weeks for low‐ and high‐risk women (p = 0.38); the rate of perinatal death was 9.6% in low‐risk pregnancies and 4.2% in high‐risk pregnancies (p = 0.39).ConclusionsAdherence to clinical guideline recommendations for prediction and prevention of sPTB was suboptimal in this cohort. The majority of spontaneous preterm births occur in women without risk factors and most women with sPTB in this cohort were not identified as having a short cervix in the early second trimester; these preterm births are therefore not identified by current predictive tools. Preterm birth continues to be associated with an increased risk of perinatal death despite the use of current predictive and preventative measures.
Insect Meal (Tenebrio molitor) Has High Nutrient Digestibility for Newly Weaned Piglets
Authors: Pereira Juliana Carolina , da Silva Alan Roberto Alves , Rossiti Bernardetti Cajaíba Oliveira , da Silva Eduardo Rodrigues , da Silva Letícia Garbin Ribeiro , Evangelista Mariane Zabotto , dos Santos Ruiz Urbano , Tse Marcos Livio Panhoza 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to evaluate the inclusion of insect larvae meal (Tenebrio molitor) on the apparent total digestibility of dry matter (DM), gross energy (GE), ether extract (EE), crude protein (CP), neutral and acid detergent fiber (NDF and FDA), and the apparent and standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids (Exp.1) and to evaluate the inclusion of insect meal with iron and manganese supplementation on growth performance and serum hemoglobin concentration by collecting blood (day zero), on the 14th and 32nd days of the experiment (Exp.2). The standardized ileal digestibility values for amino acids and crude protein of insect meal were similar to those found for soybean meal, with high metabolizable energy values (Exp.1), and there was no difference in performance for any of the variables analyzed (p ≥ 0.05) in any of the periods (Exp.2). For serum hemoglobin values, there was no interaction (p ≥ 0.05) between the treatments used and the collection days; however, hemoglobin values increased (p < 0.05) at each collection time. It can therefore be concluded that insect meal for pigs can be considered an alternative ingredient to soybean meal as a source of protein in piglet nutrition due to high digestibility of amino acids without deleterious effect on productive performance.
Imagining Futures: Evaluation of a blended programme of dialectical behaviour therapy and the creative arts for young women with a history of self‐harm
Authors: Smith L. M. , Barrett B. , Barnes S. , Oltean B. , Ige L. , Day C. , Tranah T. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate an arts‐enhanced dialectical behavioural therapy skills group for managing emotions and self‐harm, implemented via an innovative public sector/third sector partnership to increase access to care.DesignThis is a pilot mixed‐methods study.MethodsTo assess participant experience in the ‘Imagining Futures’ programme, we examined self‐report questionnaires and qualitative focus group interviews using framework analysis. We collected recruitment, session attendance and programme completion rates. To explore impact, we also report on quantitative psychological outcome measures, including self‐harm frequency and overall well‐being.ResultsWe recruited 45 young women (mean age: 15.9, s.d. = 1.24, range 13.9–18.0 years) with a history of emotional dysregulation, self‐harm and other contextual risks who were not receiving support from statutory child and adolescent mental health services in the United Kingdom. Participants were 22% not in education, employment or training and 77% were from United Kingdom racially minoritized backgrounds. The overall completion rate was 62% (n = 28/45). Qualitative data analysed from respondents (n = 25/28 young people and n = 12 parents) suggested high levels of satisfaction with the project. Thirteen themes were identified which described service elements perceived to support engagement and observed impact. There was an important role for relationships and the creative components. Quantitative clinical data indicated reductions in the frequency of self‐harming, significant reductions in the perceived impact of difficulties and increased perceived social support.ConclusionsThis novel delivery of a DBT skills group, incorporating blended psychology arts activities, has the potential to support engagement with psychological supports that improve mental well‐being.
Novel drugs approved by the EMA, the FDA and the MHRA in 2024: A year in review
Authors: Topouzis Stavros , Papapetropoulos Andreas , Alexander Steve P. H. , Cortese‐Krott Miriam , Kendall Dave A. , Martemyanov Kirill , Mauro Claudio , Nagercoil Nithyanandan , Panettieri Reynold A. , Patel Hemal H. , Schulz Rainer , Stefanska Barbara , Stephens Gary J. , Teixeira Mauro M. , Vergnolle Nathalie , Wang Xin , Ferdinandy Péter 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn the past year, the European Medicines Agency (EMA), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) authorised 53 novel drugs. While the 2024 harvest is not as rich as in 2023, when 70 new chemical entities were approved, the number of ‘orphan’ drug authorisations in 2024 (21) is similar to that of 2023 (24), illustrating the dynamic development of therapeutics in areas of unmet need. The 2024 approvals of novel protein therapeutics (15) and advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs, 6) indicate a sustained trend also noticeable in the 2023 new drugs reviewed in this journal last year (16 and 11, respectively). Clearly, the most striking characteristic of the 2024 drug yield is the creative pharmacological design, which allows these medicines to employ a novel approach to target a disease. Some notable examples are the first drug successfully using a ‘dock‐and‐block’ mechanism of inhibition (zenocutuzumab), the first approved drug for schizophrenia designed as an agonist of M1/M4 muscarinic receptors (xanomeline), the first biparatopic antibody (zanidatamab), binding two distinct epitopes of the same molecule, the first haemophilia therapy that instead of relying on external supplementation of clotting factors, restores Factor Xa activity by inhibiting TFPI (marstacimab), or the first ever authorised direct telomerase inhibitor (imetelstat) that reprogrammes the oncogenic drive of tumour cells. In addition, an impressive percentage of novel drugs were first in class (28 out of 53 or 53% of the total) and a substantial number can be considered disease agnostic, indicating the possibility of future approved extensions of their use for additional indications. The 2024 harvest demonstrates the therapeutic potential of innovative pharmacological design, which allows the effective targeting of intractable disorders and addresses crucial, unmet therapeutic needs.
The Natural Course of Bosch‐Boonstra‐Schaaf Optic Atrophy Syndrome
Authors: Valentin Ilia , Caro Martin Maria del Pilar , Fischer Christine , Brennenstuhl Heiko , Schaaf Christian P. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT(Likely) pathogenic variants in NR2F1 are associated with Bosch‐Boonstra‐Schaaf optic atrophy syndrome (BBSOAS, OMIM #615722), a rare neurodevelopmental disorder. Patients present with a variety of symptoms, including intellectual disability, developmental delay, visual impairment, muscular hypotonia, seizures, and/or autistic features. Since it was first described in 2014, the phenotype has steadily expanded. However, there is limited information regarding the natural course of the disorder. Here, we present data on genetic variants and phenotype development of 47 individuals who responded to our questionnaire. A questionnaire was developed to assess the phenotype more comprehensively and to better understand the course of symptoms. In addition, families sent medical documents and photographs. To investigate the genotype‐phenotype correlation in our cohort, we compared clinical features of two genotypically distinct groups (variants in the DNA‐binding domain (DBD, n = 17) versus variants elsewhere in the gene (n = 30)). We observed a range of common symptoms including developmental delay, muscular hypotonia, optic atrophy, nystagmus, strabismus, autistic features, and thin corpus callosum on brain MRI. Overall, more improvement than worsening was reported. Individuals with variants in the DBD showed a higher prevalence of severe clinical features, such as infantile spasms (46.7% vs. 3.8%, p = 0.002) or nonverbality (50% vs. 3.4%, p = 0.0004), age at diagnosis was statistically significantly different between the two genotypic groups (mean 4.7 years vs. 8.9 years, p = 0.048). Our study confirms characteristic clinical features of BBSOAS. Variants in the DBD are associated with a more severe clinical phenotype. We found no evidence that the disease progresses; rather, several symptoms are reported to improve over time. However, prospective longitudinal studies are needed to further investigate disease progression.
From Conflict to Counsel: The Interplay of Board‐TMT Cognitive Conflict, TMT Tenure, and Board Tenure on Board Advice Giving
Authors: Veltrop Dennis B. , Mostert Irene , Dirks Paula M. G. , de Haan Jakob 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTResearch Question/IssueWe recognize the collaborative nature of board advice giving and investigate (1) how the level of cognitive conflict between boards and top management teams (TMTs) is associated with board advice giving and (2) how this relation is shaped by TMT tenure and board tenure.Research Findings/InsightsUsing insights from a unique multi‐source dataset from 285 board members of 102 Dutch financial firms, we find that TMT tenure and board tenure both moderate the relation between board‐TMT cognitive conflict and board advice giving. In addition, when considering the combined moderating effect of TMT tenure and board tenure, we find that board‐TMT cognitive conflict is most positively (negatively) associated with board advice giving when TMT tenure is low (high), while board tenure is high (low).Theoretical/Academic ImplicationsOur work complements prior work by integrating insights from group research and resource dependence theory. It provides a nuanced view on the link between board‐TMT cognitive conflict and board advice giving. We highlight that the way cognitive conflict translates into board advice depends not only on the TMT's receptiveness to board challenge but also on the board's in‐depth understanding of organizational affairs.Practitioner/Policy ImplicationsOur work points out that boards taking a critical stance may backfire if boards do not “measure up” to TMTs' organizational experience. We contest that longer‐tenured boards are ill‐equipped to provide critical advice and highlight the crucial role of TMT tenure therein. As such, policymakers and organizations should consider the combined impact of TMT tenure and board tenure when trying to stimulate that boards effectively challenge management.