bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EFFECTIVENESS OF A WEB-BASED INTERVENTION FOR LEWY BODY DEMENTIA CAREGIVERS: IMPACT BY DEPRESSION STATUS
Authors: Su Yan , Chen Annie T , Zaslavsky Oleg 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Lewy Body Dementia (LBD) affects 1.4 million Americans, with 80% of care provided by family members who often face significant mental health challenges. Few digital interventions are tailored specifically for LBD or offer a fully remote, asynchronous format. This pilot study evaluated the effectiveness of an 8-week web-based intervention among 39 LBD caregivers, comparing its impact on those with and without depression. The intervention included online discussions on caregiving and problem-solving skills, moderated by a trained facilitator, with participants required to post at least twice weekly. Measurements were taken at baseline, post-intervention, and one month later. Of the 39 caregivers, 21 were classified as having depression, and 18 as without depression. Among those with depression, the intervention significantly reduced depressive scores from baseline to post-intervention (𝑑 = −1.35, 95% CI: −3.36, −0.61) and to follow-up (𝑑 = −2.01, 95% CI: −3.36, −1.25). Reductions in burden (𝑑 = −0.47, 95% CI: −1.04, −0.02) and perceived stress (𝑑 = −1.12, 95% CI: −2.05, −0.54) were also observed, with sustained stress reduction at follow-up (𝑑 = −1.33, 95% CI: −3.17, −0.36). Improvements in self-efficacy (𝑑 = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.00, 1.32) and social support (𝑑 = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.08, 1.38) were noted from baseline to follow-up. In contrast, caregivers without depression showed no significant improvements in these areas, except for a modest increase in social support at follow-up (𝑑 = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.10, 0.57). This study highlights the potential of the intervention to effectively support LBD caregivers, particularly those with depression.
EFFECTIVENESS OF INTERVENTIONS FOR CHRONIC DISEASE MANAGEMENT AMONG OLDER ADULTS IN THAILAND: A META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Piaseu Noppawan , Whaikid Phatcharaphon 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study aims to assess effectiveness of interventions in managing chronic diseases in older Thais. We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Thai-Journal Citation Index Centre databases. This systematic review included articles published between 2018 and 2023, focusing on randomized controlled trials or quasi-experimental designs. Research quality was assessed using JBI critical appraisal tools. Meta-analysis employed JBI-SUMARI software. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO under identification code CRD42023475031. Thirty-seven articles met inclusion criteria, showing a significant effect favoring interventions. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) decreased by -12.27 mmHg (MD), 95% CI: -16.06, -8.47), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) by -7.53 mmHg (95% CI: -9.72, -5.34). Subgroup analyses indicated a significant decrease in SBP due to self-management (MD -16.79 mmHg, 95% CI: -25.21, -8.38), lifestyle modification (MD -16.40 mmHg, 95% CI: -22.24, -10.56), physical and exercise (MD -8.77 mmHg, 95% CI: -13.02, -4.51), and application use (MD -3.49 mmHg, 95% CI: -5.73, -1.25). DBP decreased with self-management (MD -9.34 mmHg, 95% CI: -10.95, -7.72), lifestyle modification (MD -9.88 mmHg, 95% CI: -15.29, -4.47), physical and exercise (MD -4.65 mmHg, 95% CI: -6.51, -2.78), and application use (MD -4.09 mmHg, 95% CI: -5.92, -2.25). T2DM management decreased fasting blood sugar (SMD -0.78, 95% CI: -1.27, -0.311) and HbA1c (SMD -0.56, 95% CI: -0.81, -0.311). Lifestyle modification (SMD -0.70, 95% CI: -1.17, -0.24) and physical and exercise (SMD -0.46, 95% CI: -0.80, -0.13) decreased HbA1c. Self-management is effective in reducing BP in older Thais with hypertension, while lifestyle modification proves optimal for those with T2DM.
EFFECTS OF AN IMMERSIVE VIRTUAL REALITY TAI CHI INTERVENTION ON THE MENTAL HEALTH OF OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Kim Jaehyun , Lobos Marcos Ardon , Park Serim , Kim Richard , Seo Jinsil , Kim Junhyoung 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A significant proportion of the older population (approximately 1 in 5) suffers from diagnosed and sub-clinical mental health conditions. However, evidence indicates that older adults are less likely to seek mental health services than younger adults, primarily due to stigma and limited mental health literacy. As researchers have highlighted the urgent need for innovative solutions in geriatric mental health care, we explored the effectiveness of the use of an immersive virtual reality Tai Chi intervention (IVTC) as a potential solution. Eighteen older adults from senior centers in North Carolina, United States participated in eight 15-minute IVTC sessions over a month and completed surveys at the start (T1) and end (T2) of the program. Analysis using two-tailed paired t-tests revealed significant reductions in depressive symptoms following participation in the IVTC (t(17) = 4.594; p &lt;.001; SE =.12), with a large effect size (d = 1.10). Additionally, perceived stress levels were significantly decreased after participation (t(17) = 2.541; p &lt;.001; SE =.09), showing a moderate effect size (d =.60). Participants also reported high usability scores, indicating a favorable response to use of the IVTC program. These findings suggest that the IVTC program effectively reduces the stress and depressive symptoms of older adults, highlighting its potential as an innovative, technology-based intervention for those at higher risk of developing mental disorders. Study findings also provide important implications for future research and emphasize the need for further exploration of IVTC as a promising approach to geriatric mental health care.
EFFECTS OF IZUMIOTSU CITY’S COGNITIVE DECLINE PREVENTION DANCE AS A STRUCTURED ACTIVITY IN ADULT DAY SERVICES
Authors: Miyazaki Atsuko , Ueki Kaori , Hiyama Atsushi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study examined the effects of an innovative cognitive decline prevention dance program in adult day services. Developed through a community co-creation living lab in Izumiotsu City, Japan, this Hip-Hop-inspired dance is specifically designed for individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), who often struggle with imitation tasks. The program replaced 40 minutes of a 2-hour high-intensity circuit training session in day services. Twenty-six day service users (3 males, 23 females; mean age 82.62 years, SD=4.09) participated in a 4-month intervention study, divided into a dance group (n=14) and a fitness group (n=12, continuing full circuit training). Results showed significant improvements in the dance group compared to the fitness group in cognitive function tasks, including arithmetic operations (F(1,21) = 5.65, p = 0.018, η2 = 0.205) and spatial memory accuracy (F(1,21) = 4.23, p = 0.036, η2 = 0.168). Postural assessments revealed significant improvements in the dance group, including increased shoulder height symmetry (F(1,21) = 3.53, p = 0.046, η2 = 0.143) and reduced left knee hyperflexion in standing position (F(1,21) = 19.19, p = 0.001, η2 = 0.477), indicating better postural alignment. This dance program is a product of industry-academia-government-civil collaboration, combining university research, municipal policy-making, corporate development, and citizen participation. As a result of this collaborative approach, an effective program tailored to the needs of older adults was created. The significant improvements observed suggest that innovating structured activities in adult day services, through such collaborative efforts, offers a promising approach to addressing health challenges in super-aged societies.
ENHANCING VISUOMOTOR INTEGRATION IN OLDER ADULTS: INSIGHTS FROM A MULTI-FACETED TRAINING PROTOCOL
Authors: Ofori Edward , Foster Justin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This investigation rigorously assessed the impact of an 8-week training regimen on visual-motor integration and balance in older adults, particularly focusing on individuals diagnosed with Parkinson’s Disease (PD). Seven participants over the age of 50 years (mean age: 62.4 ± 8.6 years for Control, 73.0 ± 5.7 years for PD) underwent pre- and post-intervention evaluations using the Senaptec Sensory Station and Sway Medical systems. The assessments targeted Eye-Hand Coordination (EHC), Multiple Object Tracking (MOT), and balance metrics. Participants engaged in weekly in-person training sessions and bi-weekly at-home exercises designed to enhance dynamic balance, visual-motor integration, and cognitive function. Each at-home session included activation (saccades, brisk walk, dynamic balance), dynamic vision (customized Senaptec app exercises), and a final phase tailored to individual needs, focusing on either eye-hand coordination or parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) activation. Results indicated no statistically significant improvements in balance assessments (p&gt;0.10); however, significant improvements were observed in Central EHC within the PD group (t = 14.35, p = 0.04), with combined analysis across groups also showing significance (t = 2.73, p = 0.03). For peripheral EHC, the Control group exhibited significant task time improvements (t = 3.61, p = 0.02), with combined group analysis confirming significance (t = 3.14, p = 0.02). MOT scores showed the Control group outperforming the PD group (p &lt; 0.02, 1712±605°/s vs 893±220°/s). The findings suggest that targeted visual-motor training can mitigate cognitive and motor declines in aging and neurodegenerative conditions, warranting further large-scale studies.
EVALUATING FRAILTY INDEX INTEGRITY: INSIGHTS FROM AN INTERNATIONAL NETWORK STUDY
Authors: Cavanaugh Robert , Yanover Chen , Wong Chelsea , El-Hay Tal , Orkaby Ariela , Bivas-Benita Maytal , Akiva Pinchas , Olivieri-Mui Brianne 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Deficit-accumulation Frailty indices (FIs) are a key tool in population-level translational geroscience approaches to understanding function, health, and aging. International applications of Fis have been enabled by the uptake of common data models (CDMs) but the validity of such applications is not guaranteed. We compared frailty prevalence using two validated electronic health record based FIs - the United States (US)-based Veterans Affairs FI (VAFI) and United Kingdom (UK)-based electronic FI (eFI) across 5 Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership CDM databases. Frailty was calculated by age for patient-records 40+ years old with 1+ years of data in the 1) US All of Us database (n=211,568), 2) US IQVIA Pharmetrics+ (n=5,292,854), 3) UK IMRD-THIN (n=3,080,557), 4) UK IMRD-EMIS (n=843,928), 5) UK BioBank (n=209,566). Code and results are available in an open-source R package and interactive website. The VAFI identified higher prevalence of frailty in US databases (All of US: VAFI 10.3% v eFI 2.5%, Pharmetrics+: 9.6% v 2%) while the eFI identified higher prevalence in UK databases (IMRD-THIN: &lt; 0.003% v 0.08%, IMRD-EMIS: 0.09% v 0.4%, UK BioBank: 0.03% v 0.1%). eFI prevalence was lower than previously reported (2.2% v 15-20%, &gt;65 years old; Clegg et al., 2016). FIs appear to be dependent on their development context, limiting external validity for international network studies. FIs must be vetted for consistency and validity when used across CDM sources if they are to contribute to the study of health and aging at scale. Future work will extend this comparison to additional international data sources.
EXPLORING DIET’S IMPACT ON CARDIOMETABOLIC AND COGNITIVE HEALTH IN AMERICAN INDIANS
Authors: Chanti-Ketterl Marianne , Jones-Locklear Jennifer , Brooks Jada , Williams Cierra , Locklear Jessica , Strickland-Yanick Leslie , Whitson Heather 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective
This study explores the link between cardiometabolic biomarkers and neurocognition in older American Indians, focusing on diet quality as measured by the Healthy Eating Index (HEI).

Methods
Participants provided biological specimens and completed health, diet, and exposome questionnaires in a mobile clinic. Cardiometabolic biomarkers (lipids, glucose) were measured with a Cholestech LDX Analyzer and log-transformed. Neurocognition was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). OLS regressions, adjusted for age and education, examined the association between biomarkers and neurocognition across HEI tertiles to assess effect modification.

Results
Across three months, we enrolled 41 participants, predominantly women (76%), with a mean age of 72 years (SD 7.8) and an average of 12.6 years of education (SD 3.2). HDL-Cholesterol levels were higher in women than in men (n=39, p=0.008). The mean HEI score was 64.3(SD 11.4), with varied diet quality among participants; lowest HEI tertile (44.2-58.1), highest HEI tertile (71.4-84). In the lowest HEI-tertile, higher MoCA scores were associated with higher LDL-C, lower triglycerides, and higher glucose. In contrast, the mid-HEI-tertile showed higher MoCA scores associated with lower TC and lower glucose, but higher LDL-C and triglycerides. For the highest HEI-tertile, higher MoCA scores were associated only with lower triglycerides.

Discussion
These preliminary findings suggest the relationship between cardiometabolic markers and cognitive function may depend on diet quality. Understanding the role of nutrition on brain and cardiometabolic health among older American Indians may lead to culturally tailored nutritional interventions to promote brain health in aging. Further analysis of specific nutrients, the microbiome, and the metabolome are forthcoming.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH OBJECTIVELY MEASURED LIFE-SPACE AND GREEN SPACE IN AGING ADULTS
Authors: Odden Michelle , Tan Annabel , Lai Sylvie Dobrota , Mwanda Sheila , Rhodes David , Judd Suzanne , Ravi Vishnu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Life-space is an important aging health outcome, and measurement of the life space allows for a better characterization of participants’ environments than their home address. We developed a mobile phone application to passively capture life-space in older adults and sampled Google street view images from participants’ life-space to characterize the environments where they spent their time. We recruited 82 participants aged 65 and older from the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study. They were followed for 2 weeks and invited to complete nightly mobile questionnaires. We measured features of the built environment that capture walkability (sidewalks, benches, streetlights), neighborhoods (houses), and green space. Among 82 participants, 76 completed all 14 days of data collection. Median daily maximum distance from home was 6.6 km (IQR: 1.3 to 15.5, range: 0 to 5074.9 km). Median distance traveled over two weeks was 477.1 km (IQR: 234.4, 817.13; range: 39.1 to 31,743.1 km). Adults younger than 70 years, women, Black participants, and those with income &gt;$75,000 per year had larger life-space and traveled further from home. Engagement in exercise, number of chronic conditions, and depressive symptoms were not associated with life-space metrics. Participants with 2 or more chronic conditions spent less time in green space, although the effect sizes did not reach statistical significance after multivariable adjustment (standardized effect sizes -0.61 (95% CI: -1.35, 0.14) and -0.05 (95% CI:-0.11, 0.01), respectively). In summary, there was wide variation in objectively-measured life-space and we found sociodemographic patterning of life-space movement.
FACTORS IN ABDOMINAL OBESITY, SARCOPENIA, AND SARCOPENIC OBESITY AMONG KOREAN ELDERLY: KNHANES 2022
Authors: Huyen Do Thi Thu , Gao Xianqi , Park Moonkyoung 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Abdominal obesity, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity are prevalent among the elderly, contributing to significant health risks. Understanding the nutritional, lifestyle, and biomarker profiles associated with these conditions is crucial for developing targeted interventions.

Purpose
This study explores the associations between nutritional intake, lifestyle factors, and biomarkers with abdominal obesity, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity among Korean elderly individuals, using data from the 2022 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).

Methods
The analysis included 845 participants (293 normal, 360 with abdominal obesity, 160 with sarcopenia, and 32 with sarcopenic obesity). Variables analyzed included hand grip strength, body composition, dietary habits (e.g., caloric intake, protein intake, supplement use), lifestyle factors (e.g., physical activity, sedentary behavior, smoking), psychological factors (e.g., depression, anxiety, stress), and biomarkers (e.g., hsCRP, cholesterol, triglycerides, blood pressure). Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS 29.0, applying descriptive statistics and logistic regression within a complex sampling design.

Results
The prevalence of abdominal obesity, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity was 34.7%, 43.6%, 18.0%, and 3.8%, respectively. Sarcopenia was more prevalent among males, those aged 75 and older, and those living alone. Abdominal obesity was more common among those with hypertension or diabetes. Sarcopenic obesity was associated with living alone, high hsCRP, stress, and low physical activity.

Conclusion
Comprehensive nutritional and lifestyle assessments are essential in managing abdominal obesity, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity among the elderly. Public health strategies that improve diet quality and promote physical activity may mitigate these conditions.
FALLS PREDICT FASTER PROGRESSION OF ALZHEIMER DEMENTIA
Authors: Keleman Audrey , Li Melody , Bollinger Rebecca , Krauss Melissa , Grant Elizabeth , Morris John , Stark Susan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Preclinical Alzheimer disease (AD) is a decades-long period in which pathological changes accumulate in the brain (e.g., amyloid plaques) but individuals remain cognitively unimpaired (CU; Clinical Dementia Rating®[CDR®]=0). Motor impairments such as falls have been associated with preclinical AD and may offer early intervention opportunities. However, as aging affects cognition, motor function, and falls, differentiating between trajectories of healthy aging and preclinical AD is complex. This longitudinal cohort study investigated the impact of falls and preclinical AD on dementia symptom onset. We prospectively monitored falls for 1 year among 124 CU older adults and assessed preclinical AD status using amyloid positron emission tomography. We followed this cohort for 12 years and evaluated CDR annually. The cohort was grouped by baseline preclinical AD and faller status: 34 Preclinical AD-/Fall- (“healthy agers”), 53 Preclinical AD-/Fall+, 15 Preclinical AD+/Fall-, and 22 Preclinical AD+/Fall+. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis examined time to progression to CDR 1 (mild dementia) by group. Participants were on average 74 years old at baseline, 78% female, and 96% White with no significant demographic differences between groups. Preclinical AD+/Fall+ individuals progressed to CDR 1 most rapidly, while Preclinical AD-/Fall- (“healthy agers”) progressed least quickly. Preclinical AD+/Fall- and Preclinical AD-/Fall+ groups had similar progression rates. Each group’s proportional hazard of dementia progression differed significantly from healthy agers, unadjusted and controlling for age and gender (ps&lt; 0.5). These findings suggest falls associate with faster progression of AD dementia, warranting further research to disentangle motor function and falls in healthy agers and those with preclinical AD.
FEASIBILITY AND ACCEPTABILITY OF A TELEHEALTH-BASED GROUP INTERVENTION FOR VETERANS WITH MCI
Authors: Luci Katherine , Pilkinton Patricia , Dragan Deanna , Jacobs M Lindsey , Apostolou Hannah , Hinton Allyshia , Tedder Jamie , Granger Teresa 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
MInds Navigating the Diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MiND-MCI) is a nine-session telehealth intervention developed for older Veterans experiencing stress related to MCI. MIND-MCI targets memory and thinking abilities, stress/coping, and lifestyle risk factors through peer support, education, and skills training. This DoD-funded study aims to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of MIND-MCI to improve QoL among Veterans with MCI. At baseline, participants (n = 16) in this pilot study were ages 61-79 years old and scored in the mild cognitive impairment range (M = 22.8) on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Retention rates (88%) and attendance (M = 7/9 sessions) of study completers suggest feasibility and acceptability of the intervention. Eleven participants demonstrated high engagement (attended ≥ 75% of sessions). Participants reported a high level of acceptability (120/147 total score possible) on the Telehealth Usability Questionnaire, and a majority of participants indicated that they agree or completely agree with the acceptability of the intervention on two additional measures (Acceptability of Intervention Measure and the Intervention Appropriateness Measure). Preliminary feedback was obtained from study interventionists to identify barriers and facilitators for delivering this treatment over telehealth. Themes included: range of severity of MCI across participants, session interruptions and delays related to troubleshooting technological issues, strategies used to support older adults’ use of a telehealth platform, and the importance of peer support. Preliminary results support strong engagement with and acceptability of telehealth modalities in this older adult population, a population often presumed to lack telehealth capability and proficiency.
FEASIBILITY AND ACCEPTABILITY OF GAMIFIED CYCLING EXERCISE IN A LONG-TERM CARE HOME: A QUALITATIVE STUDY
Authors: Hung Lillian , Zhao Yong , Lam Michelle , lam Jamie , Fong Arwen , Wu Tiffany , Xiao Michelle , Ren Haopu (Lily) 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Gamification can motivate older adults to exercise by transforming physical activities into enjoyable experiences. Incorporating gaming elements in cycling exercises can foster a sense of interest and achievement, potentially improving health outcomes. This study investigated the acceptability and feasibility of motivating residents living in long-term care homes with a gamified cycling exercise. Fourteen residents (13 living with dementia) completed a 4-week gamified cycling exercise twice a week. Safety during exercise was addressed by monitoring heart rate and symptom observation. With an interpretive description approach, we conducted interviews with residents and family members and focus groups with staff and leadership. The thematic analysis identifies three themes representing the feasibility and acceptability of gamified cycling exercise among LTC residents: ease of use and accessibility, physical and mental health benefits, fun engagement and community building. Future research should explore dementia-friendly design, culture-related game content, family orientation and engagement, group exercise and organization support. This study showed promising acceptability and feasibility of gamified cycling exercise in a long-term care home. Successful implementation relies on tailoring interventions to meet residents’ specific needs and preferences while acquiring rapport with interdisciplinary staff in the care home.