bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The NAD+ precursor NMN activates dSarm to trigger axon degeneration in Drosophila
Authors: Rosell Arnau Llobet , Paglione Maria , Gilley Jonathan , Kocia Magdalena , Gasparrini Massimiliano , Cialabrini Lucia , Raffaelli Nadia , Angeletti Carlo , Orsomando Giuseppe , Coleman Michael P. , Loreto Andrea , Neukomm Lukas J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAxon degeneration contributes to the disruption of neuronal circuit function in diseased and injured nervous systems. Severed axons degenerate following the activation of an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway, which culminates in the activation of SARM1 in mammals to execute the pathological depletion of the metabolite NAD+. SARM1 NADase activity is activated by the NAD+ precursor nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN). In mammals, keeping NMN levels low potently preserves axons after injury, however, it remains unclear whether NMN is also a key mediator of axon degeneration, and dSarm activation, in flies. Here, we demonstrate that lowering NMN levels in Drosophila through the expression of a newly generated prokaryotic NMN-Deamidase (NMN-D) preserves severed axons for months and keeps them circuit-integrated for weeks. NMN-D alters the NAD+ metabolic flux by lowering NMN, while NAD+ remains unchanged in vivo. Increased NMN synthesis, by the expression of mouse nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (mNAMPT), leads to faster axon degeneration after injury. We also show that NMN-induced activation of dSarm mediates axon degeneration in vivo. Finally, NMN-D delays neurodegeneration caused by loss of the sole NMN-consuming and NAD+-synthesizing enzyme dNmnat. Our results reveal a critical role for NMN in neurodegeneration in the fly, which extends beyond axonal injury. The potent neuroprotection by reducing NMN levels is similar or even stronger than the interference with other essential mediators of axon degeneration in Drosophila.
Single-cell genome-wide association reveals a nonsynonymous variant inERAP1confers increased susceptibility to influenza virus
Authors: Schott Benjamin H. , Wang Liuyang , Zhu Xinyu , Harding Alfred T. , Ko Emily R. , Bourgeois Jeffrey S. , Washington Erica J. , Burke Thomas W. , Anderson Jack , Bergstrom Emma , Gardener Zoe , Paterson Suzanna , Brennan Richard G. , Chiu Christopher , McClain Micah T. , Woods Christopher W. , Gregory Simon G. , Heaton Nicholas S. , Ko Dennis C. 
Published: January 2022

SummaryDiversity in the human genome is one factor that confers resistance and susceptibility to infectious diseases. This is observed most dramatically during pandemics, where individuals exhibit large differences in risk and clinical outcomes against a pathogen infecting large portions of the world’s populations. Here, we developed scHi-HOST (single cell High-throughput Human in vitrO Susceptibility Testing), a method for rapidly identifying genetic variants that confer resistance and susceptibility to pathogens. scHi-HOST leverages scRNA-seq (single-cell RNA-sequencing) to simultaneously assign genetic identity to individual cells in mixed infections of cell lines of European, African, and Asian origin, reveal associated genetic variants for viral entry and replication, and identify expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs). Applying scHi-HOST to influenza A virus (IAV), we identified eQTLs at baseline and in genes that are induced by IAV infection. Integration of scHi-HOST with a human IAV challenge study (Prometheus) revealed that a missense variant inERAP1(Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1;rs27895) was associated with IAV burden in cells and human volunteers. Functional studies using RNA interference, ERAP1 inhibitor, and overexpression of alternative alleles demonstrated that ERAP1 is exploited by IAV to promote infection. Specifically, the nonsynonymous substitution, which results in a glycine to aspartate substitution at ERAP1 residue 348, would disrupt the substrate binding pocket of ERAP1, likely resulting in a significantly altered preference for substrates, poorer catalytic efficiency, or both. Finally, rs27895 exhibits substantial population differentiation, with the higher frequency of the minor T allele in two African populations likely contributing to the greater permissivity of cells from these populations to IAV infection. scHi-HOST is an important resource for understanding susceptibility to influenza and is a broadly applicable method for decoding human genetics of infectious disease.
Aberrant mechanosensitive signaling underlies activation of vascular endothelial xanthine oxidoreductase that promotes aortic aneurysm formation in Marfan syndrome
Authors: Yagi Hiroki , Akazawa Hiroshi , Liu Qing , Yamamoto Kimiko , Nawata Kan , Saga-Kamo Akiko , Umei Masahiko , Kadowaki Hiroshi , Matsuoka Ryo , Shindo Akito , Toko Haruhiro , Takeda Norifumi , Ando Masahiko , Yamauchi Haruo , Takeda Norihiko , Fini Mehdi A. , Ono Minoru , Komuro Issei 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTMarfan syndrome (MFS) is an inherited connective tissue disorder caused by mutations in theFBN1gene encoding fibrillin-1, a matrix component of extracellular microfibrils. The main cause of morbidity and mortality in MFS is thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection, but the underlying mechanisms remain undetermined. We found a significant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in ascending aorta of MFS patients and MFS mice harboring theFbn1mutation (C1039G), which was associated with up-regulation of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) protein in aortic endothelial cells (ECs). Mechanosensitive signaling involving focal adhesion kinase (FAK)-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and early growth response-1 (Egr- 1) was aberrantly activated in ascending aorta ofFbn1C1039G/+mice, and mechanical stress on human aortic ECs up-regulated XOR expression through FAK-p38 MAPK activation and Egr-1 up-regulation. Inhibition of XOR function by ECs-specific disruption ofXdhgene or by systemic administration of XOR inhibitor febuxostat inFbn1C1039G/+mice suppressed ROS generation, FAK-p38 MAPK activation, and Egr-1 up-regulation, leading to attenuation of aortic aneurysm formation. These findings unveil aberrant mechanosensitive signaling in vascular ECs triggering endothelial XOR activation and ROS generation as a culprit underlying the pathogenesis of aortic aneurysm formation in MFS, and highlight a drug repositioning approach using a uric acid lowering drug febuxostat as a potential therapy for MFS.
mTOR-regulated Mitochondrial Metabolism Limits Mycobacterium-induced Cytotoxicity
Authors: Pagán Antonio J. , Lee Lauren J. , Edwards-Hicks Joy , Moens Cecilia B. , Tobin David M. , Busch-Nentwich Elisabeth M. , Pearce Erika L. , Ramakrishnan Lalita 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTNecrosis of macrophages in the tuberculous granuloma represents a major pathogenic event in tuberculosis. Through a zebrafish forward genetic screen, we identified the mTOR kinase, a master regulator of metabolism, as an early host resistance factor in tuberculosis. We found that mTOR complex 1 protects macrophages from mycobacterium-induced death by enabling infection-induced increases in mitochondrial energy metabolism fueled by glycolysis. These metabolic adaptations are required to prevent mitochondrial damage and death caused by the secreted mycobacterial virulence determinant ESAT-6. Thus, the host can effectively counter this early critical mycobacterial virulence mechanism simply by regulating energy metabolism, thereby allowing pathogen-specific immune mechanisms time to develop. Our findings may explain why Mycobacterium tuberculosis, albeit humanity’s most lethal pathogen, is successful in only a minority of infected individuals.
Distinct developmental phenotypes result from mutation of Set8/KMT5A and histone H4 lysine 20 in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Crain Aaron T. , Klusza Stephen , Armstrong Robin L. , Rosa Priscila Santa , Temple Brenda R. S. , Strahl Brian D. , McKay Daniel J. , Matera A. Gregory , Duronio Robert J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMono-methylation of histone H4 lysine 20 (H4K20me1) is catalyzed by Set8/KMT5A and regulates numerous aspects of genome organization and function. Loss-of-function mutations in Drosophila melanogaster Set8 or mammalian KMT5A prevent H4K20me1 and disrupt development. Set8/KMT5A also has non-histone substrates, making it difficult to determine which developmental functions of Set8/KMT5A are attributable to H4K20me1 and which to other substrates or to non-catalytic roles. Here, we show that human KMT5A can functionally substitute for Set8 during Drosophila development and that the catalytic SET domains of the two enzymes are fully interchangeable. We also uncovered a role in eye development for the N-terminal domain of Set8 that cannot be complemented by human KMT5A. Whereas Set8null mutants are inviable, we found that an R634G mutation in the SET domain predicted to ablate catalytic activity resulted in viable adults, suggesting important non-catalytic functions of Set8. Similarly, flies that were engineered to express only unmodifiable H4 histones (H4K20A) can also complete development, but they are phenotypically distinct from H4K20R, Set8null, and Set8R634G animals. Taken together, our results demonstrate functional conservation of KMT5A and Set8 enzymes, as well as distinct roles for Set8 and H4K20me1 in Drosophila development.
Matrix topology guides collective cell migration in vivo
Authors: Soans Karen G. , Ramos Ana Patricia , Sidhaye Jaydeep , Krishna Abhijeet , Solomatina Anastasia , Hoffmann Karl B. , Schlüßler Raimund , Guck Jochen , Sbalzarini Ivo F. , Modes Carl D. , Norden Caren 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDiverse modes of cell migration shape organisms in health and disease and much research has focused on the role of intracellular and extracellular components in different cell migration phenomena. What is less explored, however, is how the arrangement of the underlying extracellular matrix that many cells move upon in vivo influences migration.Combining novel transgenic lines and image analysis pipelines, reveals that during zebrafish optic cup formation cells use cryptopodia-like protrusions to migrate collectively and actively over a topologically changing matrix. These changing topologies correspond to different cell-matrix interactions. Interference with matrix topology results in loss of cryptopodia and inefficient migration. Thus, matrix topology influences the efficiency of directed collective cell migration during eye morphogenesis, a concept likely conserved in other developmental and disease contexts.One-Sentence SummaryDynamic cell-matrix interactions, crucial for successful collective rim cell migration, rely on extracellular matrix topologies during optic cup development in vivo.
Effect of Y2O3 mass fraction on electrochemical corrosion performances of laser cladded CrNi coatings in 3.5% NaCl solution
Authors: Wei Li , Dejun Kong 
Published: January 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Y2O3 mass fraction on the electrochemical corrosion performance of CrNi coating, which provided a foundation for the performance optimization of CrNi coatings.

Design/methodology/approach
CrNi coatings with the different Y2O3 mass fractions were fabricated on AISI H13 steel by laser cladding, and the effect of Y2O3 mass fraction on the electrochemical performance of CrNi coating in 3.5% NaCl solution was investigated using an electrochemical workstation.

Findings
The electrochemical corrosion performance of CrNi coating enhances with the increase of Y2O3 mass fraction, and the CrNi–15%Y2O3 coating has the largest polarization resistance and the lowest corrosion current density, which displays the best electrochemical performance among the CrNi–5%Y2O3, –10%Y2O3 and –15%Y2O3 coatings. The protective films are formed with the increase of Y2O3 mass fraction, which inhibits the occurrence of electrochemical corrosion.

Originality/value
The Y2O3 was first added to the CrNi coating to improve its electrochemical corrosion performance, and the influence of Y2O3 on the corrosion resistance of the CrNi coating was discussed by the corrosion model.
Roadmap to initial public offering (IPO): the case of UECSB
Authors: Ahmad-Zaluki Nurwati A. , Badru Bazeet Olayemi , Kaliappen Narentheren 
Published: January 2022

Learning outcomes
After studying this case, students must be able to explain the rationale for going public; identify the type of markets available for listing a company on Bursa Malaysia and explain the listing process; and analyse pre-IPO financial performance using trend analysis, comparative analysis and common-size analysis.

Case overview/synopsis
Uniutama Education and Consultancy Sdn. Bhd. (UECSB) in Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM) was a company with strong financial performance and growth opportunities. In 2020, UECSB was planning for an initial public offering (IPO), whereby the company could offer shares to the public. This would allow UECSB to raise capital from public investors, and increase UECSB’s credibility and exposure. Therefore, Halim, who was the General Manager of UECSB, needed to decide whether or not UECSB should go for an IPO.

Complexity academic level
This case is more appropriate for final-year undergraduate students, particularly those majoring in Finance. This case is also suitable for postgraduate students, especially those enrolling in Master of Business Administration (MBA), Master of Business Management (MBM) and Doctor of Business Administration (DBA) programmes, and Executive Education programmes in Management.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS 1: Accounting and Finance.
What is an ELA text set? Surveying and integrating cognitive, critical and disciplinary lenses
Authors: Reynolds Dan 
Published: January 2022

PurposeResearchers and teachers have noted the power of students reading text sets or multiple texts on the same topic, and numerous articles have been published with examples of and frameworks for text set construction. This study aims to traces the theoretical assumptions of these frameworks and explores their distinct implications and tensions for understanding disciplinary literacy in English language arts (ELA).Design/methodology/approachThe author draws on three frameworks, using a focal article for each: cognitive (Lupoet al., 2018), critical (Lechtenberg, 2018) and disciplinary (Levineet al., 2018), and connect those articles to other research studies in that tradition. Separately, the author describes each of the three text set frameworks’ design principles. Then, across frameworks, the author analyze the disciplinary assumptions around each framework’s centering texts, epistemological goals and trajectories.FindingsThe centering text, goals and trajectories of each framework reflect its underlying epistemological lens. All frameworks include a text that serves as its epistemological center and the cognitive and disciplinary frameworks, both rely on progressions of complexity (knowledge/linguistic and literary, respectively). The author traces additional alignments and tensions between the frameworks and offer suggestions for possible hybridities in reading modality and reading volume.Originality/valueMany articles have been written about models of text set construction, but few have compared the assumptions behind those models. Examining these assumptions may help English teachers and curriculum designers select texts and build curriculum that leverages the strengths of each model and informs researchers’ understanding of disciplinary literacy in ELA.
AI adoption in the hiring process – important criteria and extent of AI adoption
Authors: Bhatt Prachi 
Published: January 2022

Purpose
In the context of new workplace environment, this study aims to study and generate insights about artificial intelligence (AI) adoption in hiring process of firms. It is very relevant when AI is dramatically reshaping hiring function in the changing scenario.

Design/methodology/approach
The objectives are achieved with the help of three studies involving Delphi method to explore the criteria for AI adoption decision. Followed by two multi criteria decision-making techniques, i.e. analytic hierarchy process to identify weights of the criteria and fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution to assess the extent of AI adoption in hiring.

Findings
The findings reveal that information security and return on investment are considered two very important criteria by human resources managers while contemplating the adoption of AI in hiring process. It was found that AI adoption will be suitable at the sourcing and initial screening stages of hiring. And the suitability of the hiring stage where AI can be applied has been found to have changed from before and after the onset of COVID-19 pandemic situation. The findings and its discussion assist and enhance better decisions about AI adoption in hiring processes of firms amid changing scenario – external and internal to a firm.

Research limitations/implications
Findings also highlight research implications for future research studies in this emerging area.

Practical implications
Results act as a starting point for other human resources managers, who are still pondering over the idea of adopting AI in hiring in future.

Originality/value
This paper through a systematic approach contributes by identifying important evaluation criteria influencing AI adoption in firms and extent of its application in the stages of hiring. It makes a substantial contribution to the under-developed yet emerging paradigm of AI based hiring in practice and research.
The power of internet exposure: influence of online news coverage on restaurant survival
Authors: Li Hui , Chen Qian-Xia , Liang Sai , Yang Jing-Jing 
Published: January 2022

PurposeFew studies on hospitality firm survival consider the impact of online media exposure. This paper aims to investigate how the online news coverage of restaurants, characterized in terms of the number of articles, channel (Web page or mobile app), topic (operations or products) and consistency (mix of news tones), influences their survival.Design/methodology/approachA yearly panel data set covering 682 news-reported restaurants in Shanghai, China, over the period 2011–2019 is analyzed using a Cox model, and an extended cross-sectional data set containing 9,488 restaurants is used for robustness checks.FindingsA larger number of online news articles, regardless of channel or topic, significantly improves restaurants’ chances of survival, and this positive impact of online exposure is greater if that news is published by mobile apps (rather than on Web pages) or reports topics related to operations (rather than products). Although, generally, news inconsistency is not good for restaurant survival, when the number of online news items is eight or more, inconsistency becomes good for survival.Practical implicationsThis research guides restaurant operators to use news exposure in an online marketing environment to increase the firm’s chances of long-term survival.Originality/valueOnline media exposure has hitherto been ignored in the literature on the survival of hospitality firms. This paper provides a new perspective on hospitality firm survival and also contributes to the literature on media exposure by conceptualizing a unique factor, namely, the consistent online exposure.
Aerodynamic and structural performances of a single-stage transonic axial compressor with blade fillet radius
Authors: Chu Hoang-Quan , Dinh Cong-Truong 
Published: January 2022

PurposeThis study’s investigation aims to clarify the effect of an additional geometry, i.e. a fillet radius, to the blades of a single-stage transonic axial compressor, NASA Stage 37, on its aerodynamic and structural performances.Design/methodology/approachApplying the commercial simulation software and the one-way fluid–structure interaction (FSI) approach, this study first evaluated the simulation results with the experimental data for the aerodynamic performances. Second, this paper compared the structural performances between the models with and without fillets.FindingsThis research analyses the aerodynamic results (i.e. total pressure ratio, adiabatic efficiency, stall margin) and the structural outcomes (i.e. equivalent von Mises stress, total deformation) of the single-stage transonic axial compressor NASA Stage 37.Originality/valueThis paper mentions the influence of blade fillets (i.e. both rotor hub fillet and stator shroud fillet) on the compressor performances (i.e. the aerodynamic and structural performances).
Servant leadership, self-efficacy and life satisfaction in the public sector of Pakistan: exploratory, symmetric, and asymmetric analyses
Authors: Latif Khawaja Fawad , Ahmed Iftikhar , Aamir Suhaib 
Published: January 2022

PurposeThe objectives of the study are threefold. First, it offers the development and validation of a scale to measure public sector servant leadership. Second, the study assesses the mediating role of self-efficacy in the relationship of servant leadership with life satisfaction. Finally, based on the tenets of complexity theory, fsQCA was utilized to identify the causal recipes that could lead to improved self-efficacy and life satisfaction in public sector employees.Design/methodology/approachFollowing a cross-sectional research design, data were collected from 352 public sector employees in Pakistan. CB-SEM and fsQCA techniques were used for data analysis.FindingsResults revealed that leadership is a multidimensional construct having dimensions: authenticity, behaving ethically, development, emotional healing, humility and wisdom. Furthermore, the results showed a significant inter-relationship of servant leadership with self-efficacy and life satisfaction. Self-efficacy mediated the relationship between servant leadership and life satisfaction. The results showed various configurations of servant leadership dimensions leading to improved self-efficacy and life satisfaction.Originality/valueThis is one of the first studies to conceptualize the SL in the public sector and to develop a multidimensional scale for measuring and assessing its psychometric properties. The research contributes to existing knowledge by examining the role of servant leadership in promoting employee life satisfaction through self-efficacy. As a methodological contribution, the study is one of the first to use fsQCA in SL literature. Due to the greater emphasis on symmetric methods, there is a significant lack of research studies on causal configuration in public sector organizations.
Is virtual reality technology an effective tool for tourism destination marketing? A flow perspective
Authors: Chang Hsuan Hsuan , Chiang Chin Chung 
Published: January 2022

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the effect of virtual reality (VR) as a communication tool for advertising on tourism destination image and the changes in destination attitude, clarifying how flow experience affects destination image, and examining how destination image mediates the effect of flow experience on attitude changes.Design/methodology/approachA survey was administered to collect data from 342 study participants who watched a tourism destination marketing video through HTC VR vive gear. A research model tested data collected from participants using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling by using partial least squares structural equation modeling software.FindingsThe results found that two factors (friendliness and telepresence) of flow experience in VR can positively affect destination image. Destination image has a significant indirect effect on how flow experience influences attitude change.Originality/valueAs tourism destinations are faced with strategic decisions about investment in different VR platforms or some other technologies, understanding how individuals respond to various VR stimuli is of practical importance. Therefore, this study’s findings provide valuable information for tourism industry practitioners.