bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing and pilot testing an oral health screening tool for diabetes care providers
Authors: George Ajesh , Poudel Prakash , Kong Ariana , Villarosa Amy , Calache Hanny , Arora Amit , Griffiths Rhonda , Wong Vincent W. , Gussy Mark , Martin Rachel E. , Lau Phyllis 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
People with poorly managed diabetes are at greater risk of periodontal disease. Periodontal disease that is not effectively managed can affect glycaemic levels. Diabetes care providers, including general practitioners and diabetes educators, are encouraged to promote oral health of their clients. However, valid and reliable oral health screening tools that assess the risk of poor oral health, that are easy to administer among non-dental professionals, currently do not exist. Existing screening tools are difficult to incorporate into routine diabetes consultations due to their length. Thus, this study aimed to develop and pilot a short oral health screening tool that would identify risk of existing oral diseases and encourage appropriate referrals to the dental service.

Methods
A three-item screening tool was developed after a comprehensive review of the literature and consensus from an expert panel. The tool was then piloted as part of a larger cross-sectional survey of 260 adults with diabetes who were accessing public diabetes clinics at two locations in Sydney, Australia. As part of the survey, participants completed the three-item screening tool and a 14-item validated tool, the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14), which has been used previously in the preliminary validation of screening tools. Sensitivity and specificity analyses were then undertaken comparing the results of the two tools.

Results
A statistically significant correlation was found between the shorter screening tool and the OHIP-14 (rho = 0.453, p < 0.001), indicating adequate validity. The three-item tool had high sensitivity (90.5%, 95% CI 84.9%, 94.7%), with a specificity of 46.3% (95% CI 37.7%, 55.2%). The negative predictive value was 81.4% (95% CI 71.3, 89.3). No single item performed as well regarding sensitivity and negative predictive value when compared to the three items collectively.

Conclusions
The three-item screening tool developed was found to be valid and sensitive in identifying risk of poor oral health, requiring oral health referrals, among people with diabetes in this pilot. This is a simple, accessible tool that diabetes care providers could incorporate into their routine consultations. Further validation against comprehensive dental assessments is needed to reassess the tool’s specificity and sensitivity in diverse settings.
Assessing the impact of MRI based diagnostics on pre-treatment disease classification and prognostic model performance in men diagnosed with new prostate cancer from an unscreened population
Authors: Lophatananon Artitaya , Byrne Matthew H. V. , Barrett Tristan , Warren Anne , Muir Kenneth , Dokubo Ibifuro , Georgiades Fanos , Sheba Mostafa , Bibby Lisa , Gnanapragasam Vincent J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Pre-treatment risk and prognostic groups are the cornerstone for deciding management in non-metastatic prostate cancer. All however, were developed in the pre-MRI era. Here we compared categorisation of cancers using either only clinical parameters or with MRI enhanced information in men referred for suspected prostate cancer from an unscreened population.

Patient and methods
Data from men referred from primary care to our diagnostic service and with both clinical (digital rectal examination [DRE] and systematic biopsies) and MRI enhanced attributes (MRI stage and combined systematic/targeted biopsies) were used for this study. Clinical vs MRI data were contrasted for clinico-pathological and risk group re-distribution using the European Association of Urology (EAU), American Urological Association (AUA) and UK National Institute for Health Care Excellence (NICE) Cambridge Prognostic Group (CPG) models. Differences were retrofitted to a population cohort with long-term prostate cancer mortality (PCM) outcomes to simulate impact on model performance. We further contrasted individualised overall survival (OS) predictions using the Predict Prostate algorithm.

Results
Data from 370 men were included (median age 66y). Pre-biopsy MRI stage reassignments occurred in 7.8% (versus DRE). Image-guided biopsies increased Grade Group 2 and ≥ Grade Group 3 assignments in 2.7% and 2.9% respectively. The main change in risk groups was more high-risk cancers (6.2% increase in the EAU and AUA system, 4.3% increase in CPG4 and 1.9% CPG5). When extrapolated to a historical population-based cohort (n = 10,139) the redistribution resulted in generally lower concordance indices for PCM. The 5-tier NICE-CPG system outperformed the 4-tier AUA and 3-tier EAU models (C Index 0.70 versus 0.65 and 0.64). Using an individualised prognostic model, changes in predicted OS were small (median difference 1% and 2% at 10- and 15-years’ respectively). Similarly, estimated treatment survival benefit changes were minimal (1% at both 10- and 15-years’ time frame).

Conclusion
MRI guided diagnostics does change pre-treatment risk groups assignments but the overall prognostic impact appears modest in men referred from unscreened populations. Particularly, when using more granular tiers or individualised prognostic models. Existing risk and prognostic models can continue to be used to counsel men about treatment option until long term survival outcomes are available.
Perceptions of a family-based lifestyle intervention for children with overweight and obesity: a qualitative study on sustainability, self-regulation, and program optimization
Authors: Putter Kaila C. , Jackson Ben , Thornton Ashleigh L. , Willis Claire E. , Goh Kong Min Bryce , Beauchamp Mark R. , Benjanuvatra Nat , Dimmock James A. , Budden Timothy 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Family-based lifestyle interventions (FBLIs) are an important method for treating childhood weight problems. Despite being recognized as an effective intervention method, the optimal structure of these interventions for children’s overweight and obesity has yet to be determined. Our aim was to better understand participants’ (a) implementation of behaviour strategies and long-term outcomes, (b) perceptions regarding the optimal structure of FBLIs, and (c) insights into psychological concepts that may explain the success of these programs.

Methods
Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants. We conducted focus groups as well as one-to-one interviews with parents (n = 53) and children (n = 50; aged 7–13, M = 9.4 yr, SD = 3.1) three months following their involvement in a 10-week, multi-component, FBLI involving education and activities relating to healthy nutrition, physical activity, and behavior modification. Using an interpretivist approach, a qualitative study design was employed to examine participant experiences.

Results
We identified three higher-order categories: (a) participants’ program experiences and perceptions (b) lifestyle changes post-program, and (c) recommendations for optimizing family-based programs. Themes identified within these categories included (a) support and structure & content, (b) diet and physical activity, and (c) in-program recommendations and post-program recommendations.

Conclusions
We identified several challenges that can impair lasting behavior change (e.g., physical activity participation) following involvement in a FBLI. On optimizing these programs, participants emphasized fun, interactive content, interpersonal support, appropriate educational content, and behavior change techniques. Concepts rooted in motivational theory could help address calls for greater theoretical and mechanistic insight in FBLIs. Findings may support research advancement and assist health professionals to more consistently realize the potential of these interventions.
Thigh-length graduated compression stocking cannot increase blood velocity of the common femoral vein in patients awaiting total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Jiang Tao , Song Kai , Yao Yao , Zhuang Zaikai , Shen Ying , Li Xinhua , Xu Zhihong , Jiang Qing 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Graduated compression stocking (GCS) is one of the mechanical prophylaxes commonly used for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The present study was designed to observe the effects of graduated compression stockings on the vein deformation and hemodynamics of lower limbs in patients awaiting total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Methods
The lower extremity veins of 22 patients awaiting THA were examined by ultrasound, when they rested in supine position with or without thigh-length GCS. The deformation parameters we measured included antero-posterior (AP) diameters, latero-medial (LM) diameters, and cross-sectional area (CSA) of great saphenous vein (GSV), posterior tibial vein (PTV), popliteal vein (PV), gastrocnemius vein (GV), and superficial femoral vein (SFV). We measured peak velocity and mean velocity of GSV, common femoral vein (CFV), junction of GSV and CFV to represent for hemodynamics of veins.

Results
Significant compression was observed in almost all measured veins with the use of thigh-length GCS, while it was unable to significantly compress GSV in latero-medial diameter. The mean latero-medial diameter reductions for GSV, PTV, GV, PV and SFV were 19.4, 30.2, 43.2, 29.7 and 20.4%, respectively. GCS significantly compressed antero-posterior diameter of GSV, PTV, GV, PV and SFV by 43.4, 33.3, 42.1, 37.5, and 27.8%, respectively. The mean reduction of cross-section area was 44.8% for GSV, 49.6% for PTV, 60.0% for GV, 57.4% for PV, and 36.2% for FV. No significant changes were observed in the mean blood velocity of GSV, CFV, and junction. GCS was able to significantly reduce peak velocity of CFV (17.6 ± 5.6 cm/s to 16.1 ± 6.0 cm/s) and junction (23.3 ± 9.5 cm/s to 21.3 ± 9.7 cm/s), while it did not change the peak velocity of GSV.

Conclusion
Thigh-length GCS is sufficient to compress lower extremity veins in patients awaiting THA in supine position with the greatest compression in GV, while it was unable to significantly increase blood velocity of common femoral vein or GSV. GCS may prevent DVT through more than simply increasing blood flow. Further studies are needed to determine the specific effects of GCS.
Development and psychometric evaluation of an instrument to assess Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Family Caregivers at Preventing Pressure Injuries (KAP-PI) in Indonesian community-dwelling older adults
Authors: Sari Sheizi Prista , Everink Irma H. J. , Lohrmann Christa , Amir Yufitriana , Sari Eka Afrima , Halfens Ruud J. G. , Beeckman Dimitri , Schols Jos M. G. A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of pressure injuries among community-dwelling older adults in countries worldwide is still a serious problem. In Indonesia, older adults mostly rely on family members for (medical) care. Therefore, involving family members in the prevention and treatment of pressure injuries (PIs) could potentially decrease its prevalence rates. However, family members are usually not trained for such tasks. Hence, it is essential to first get more insight into the current state of affairs on family members’ knowledge, attitude and actual practice of preventing PIs. Due to the lack of an existing instrument to measure knowledge, attitude and practice of family caregivers in preventing PIs, this study focuses on the development and evaluation of psychometric properties of such an instrument.MethodsThree phases of instrument development and evaluation were used, including item generation, instrument construction and psychometric testing of the instrument. A total of 372 family caregivers of community-dwelling older adults who randomly selected participated in this study. Principal factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach’s alpha were performed to evaluate factor structure and internal consistency of the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Family Caregivers at Preventing Pressure Injuries (KAP-PI) instrument.ResultsThe final version of the KAP-PI-instrument consists of a 12-item knowledge domain, a 9-item attitude domain, and a 12-item practice domain with Cronbach’s Alpha values of 0.83, 0.93 and 0.89, respectively. The instrument appeared to be both reliable and valid.ConclusionThe KAP-PI instrument can be used in family nursing or community nursing practice, education, and research to assess knowledge, attitude and practice of pressure injury prevention of family caregivers.
Modular reconstruction and optimization of the trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline synthesis pathway in Escherichia coli
Authors: Zhang Zhenyu , Su Weike , Bao Yunyun , Huang Qianqian , Ye Kai , Liu Pengfu , Chu Xiaohe 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
In recent years, there has been a growing demand for microbial production of trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline (t4Hyp), which is a value-added amino acid and has been widely used in the fields of medicine, food, and cosmetics. In this study, a multivariate modular metabolic engineering approach was used to remove the bottleneck in the synthesis pathway of t4Hyp.

Results
Escherichia coli t4Hyp synthesis was performed using two modules: a α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) synthesis module (K module) and L-proline synthesis with hydroxylation module (H module). First, α-KG attrition was reduced, and then, L-proline consumption was inhibited. Subsequently, to improve the contribution to proline synthesis with hydroxylation, optimization of gene overexpression, promotor, copy number, and the fusion system was performed. Finally, optimization of the H and K modules was performed in combination to balance metabolic flow. Using the final module H1K4 in a shaking flask culture, 8.80 g/L t4Hyp was produced, which was threefold higher than that produced by the W0 strain.

Conclusions
These strategies demonstrate that a microbial cell factory can be systematically optimized by modular engineering for efficient production of t4Hyp.
Lymphocyte antigen 6G6D-mediated modulation through p38α MAPK and DNA methylation in colorectal cancer
Authors: Caruso Francesca Pia , D’Andrea Mario Rosario , Coppola Luigi , Landriscina Matteo , Condelli Valentina , Cerulo Luigi , Giordano Guido , Porras Almudena , Pancione Massimo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn addition to being novel biomarkers for poor cancer prognosis, members of Lymphocyte antigen-6 (Ly6) gene family also play a crucial role in avoiding immune responses to tumors. However, it has not been possible to identify the underlying mechanism of how Ly6 gene regulation operates in human cancers. Transcriptome, epigenome and proteomic data from independent cancer databases were analyzed in silico and validated independently in 334 colorectal cancer tissues (CRC). RNA mediated gene silencing of regulatory genes, and treatment with MEK and p38 MAPK inhibitors were also tested in vitro. We report here that the Lymphocyte antigen 6G6D is universally downregulated in mucinous CRC, while its activation progresses through the classical adenoma-carcinoma sequence. The DNA methylation changes in LY6G6D promoter are intimately related to its transcript regulation, epigenomic and histological subtypes. Depletion of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), which maintains DNA methylation, results in the derepression of LY6G6D expression. RNA-mediated gene silencing of p38α MAPK or its selective chemical inhibition, however, reduces LY6G6D expression, reducing trametinib’s anti-inflammatory effects. Patients treated with FOLFOX-based first-line therapy experienced decreased survival due to hypermethylation of the LY6G6D promoter and decreased p38α MAPK signaling. We found that cancer-specific immunodominant epitopes are controlled by p38α MAPKs signaling and suppressed by DNA methylation in histological variants with Mucinous differentiation. This work provides a promising prospective for clinical application in diagnosis and personalized therapeutic strategies of colorectal cancer.
Improved gliotransmission by increasing intracellular Ca2+ via TRPV1 on multi-walled carbon nanotube platforms
Authors: Lee Won-Seok , Kang Ji-Hye , Lee Jung-Hwan , Kim Yoo Sung , Kim Jongmin Joseph , Kim Han-Sem , Kim Hae-Won , Shin Ueon Sang , Yoon Bo-Eun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Astrocyte is a key regulator of neuronal activity and excitatory/inhibitory balance via gliotransmission. Recently, gliotransmission has been identified as a novel target for neurological diseases. However, using the properties of nanomaterials to modulate gliotransmission has not been uncovered.

Results
We prepared non-invasive CNT platforms for cells with different nanotopography and properties such as hydrophilicity and conductivity. Using CNT platforms, we investigated the effect of CNT on astrocyte functions participating in synaptic transmission by releasing gliotransmitters. Astrocytes on CNT platforms showed improved cell adhesion and proliferation with upregulated integrin and GFAP expression. In addition, intracellular GABA and glutamate in astrocytes were augmented on CNT platforms. We also demonstrated that gliotransmitters in brain slices were increased by ex vivo incubation with CNT. Additionally, intracellular resting Ca2+ level, which is important for gliotransmission, was also increased via TRPV1 on CNT platforms.

Conclusion
CNT can improve astrocyte function including adhesion, proliferation and gliotransmission by increasing resting Ca2+ level. Therefore, our study suggests that CNT would be utilized as a new therapeutic platform for central nervous system diseases by modulating gliotransmission.

Graphical Abstract
Biomaterials and advanced technologies for the evaluation and treatment of ovarian aging
Authors: Wu Meng , Guo Yican , Wei Simin , Xue Liru , Tang Weicheng , Chen Dan , Xiong Jiaqiang , Huang Yibao , Fu Fangfang , Wu Chuqing , Chen Ying , Zhou Su , Zhang Jinjin , Li Yan , Wang Wenwen , Dai Jun , Wang Shixuan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOvarian aging is characterized by a progressive decline in ovarian function. With the increase in life expectancy worldwide, ovarian aging has gradually become a key health problem among women. Over the years, various strategies have been developed to preserve fertility in women, while there are currently no clinical treatments to delay ovarian aging. Recently, advances in biomaterials and technologies, such as three-dimensional (3D) printing and microfluidics for the encapsulation of follicles and nanoparticles as delivery systems for drugs, have shown potential to be translational strategies for ovarian aging. This review introduces the research progress on the mechanisms underlying ovarian aging, and summarizes the current state of biomaterials in the evaluation and treatment of ovarian aging, including safety, potential applications, future directions and difficulties in translation.Graphical Abstract
Ryanodine receptor 1-mediated Ca2+ signaling and mitochondrial reprogramming modulate uterine serous cancer malignant phenotypes
Authors: Zhang Li , Au-Yeung Chi-Lam , Huang Chunxian , Yeung Tsz-Lun , Ferri-Borgogno Sammy , Lawson Barrett C. , Kwan Suet-Ying , Yin Zheng , Wong Stephen T. , Thomas Vienna , Lu Karen H. , Yip Kay-Pong , Sham James S. K. , Mok Samuel C. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Uterine serous cancer (USC) is the most common non-endometrioid subtype of uterine cancer, and is also the most aggressive. Most patients will die of progressively chemotherapy-resistant disease, and the development of new therapies that can target USC remains a major unmet clinical need. This study sought to determine the molecular mechanism by which a novel unfavorable prognostic biomarker ryanodine receptor 1 (RYR1) identified in advanced USC confers their malignant phenotypes, and demonstrated the efficacy of targeting RYR1 by repositioned FDA-approved compounds in USC treatment.

Methods
TCGA USC dataset was analyzed to identify top genes that are associated with patient survival or disease stage, and can be targeted by FDA-approved compounds. The top gene RYR1 was selected and the functional role of RYR1 in USC progression was determined by silencing and over-expressing RYR1 in USC cells in vitro and in vivo. The molecular mechanism and signaling networks associated with the functional role of RYR1 in USC progression were determined by reverse phase protein arrays (RPPA), Western blot, and transcriptomic profiling analyses. The efficacy of the repositioned compound dantrolene on USC progression was determined using both in vitro and in vivo models.

Results
High expression level of RYR1 in the tumors is associated with advanced stage of the disease. Inhibition of RYR1 suppressed proliferation, migration and enhanced apoptosis through Ca2+-dependent activation of AKT/CREB/PGC-1α and AKT/HK1/2 signaling pathways, which modulate mitochondrial bioenergetics properties, including oxidative phosphorylation, ATP production, mitochondrial membrane potential, ROS production and TCA metabolites, and glycolytic activities in USC cells. Repositioned compound dantrolene suppressed USC progression and survival in mouse models.

Conclusions
These findings provided insight into the mechanism by which RYR1 modulates the malignant phenotypes of USC and could aid in the development of dantrolene as a repurposed therapeutic agent for the treatment of USC to improve patient survival.
Antibiotic prophylaxis for percutaneous renal biopsy: study protocol for a prospective randomized trial
Authors: Yahata Kensei , Yoshimoto Akihiro , Kinoshita Chiharu , Seta Koichi , Tsukamoto Tatsuo , Yanagita Motoko , Hata Hiroaki , Sakane Naoki 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The major complication of renal biopsy is bleeding. Infection is an extremely rare complication of percutaneous renal biopsy, providing sterile techniques are used and bowel perforation does not occur. However, the questionnaire included in the Kidney Biopsy Guidebook 2020 in Japan reported that antibiotic prophylaxis was administered to patients undergoing percutaneous renal biopsy at 61% of 170 adult institutions and 57% of 54 pediatric institutions. The objective of this study is to show the non-inferiority of not administering antibiotic prophylaxis for percutaneous renal biopsy.

Methods
Patients aged ≥15 years who are scheduled to undergo percutaneous renal biopsy are eligible for inclusion in the study. Three hundred and sixty-four patients will be recruited at 6 hospitals. The patients will be randomly assigned at a 1:1 ratio to receive either a single dose of intravenous cefazolin (1 g) or no antibiotic prophylaxis. The primary outcome is the number of patients that exhibit positive urine cultures (>105 colony-forming units/ml) 3 or 4 days after the renal biopsy, or at which point the patients are diagnosed with pyelonephritis until 3 or 4 days after the renal biopsy. The secondary outcomes are the number of patients who are diagnosed with pyelonephritis within 30 days after the renal biopsy, the number of patients who are diagnosed with puncture site infections within 30 days after the renal biopsy, the number of patients who are diagnosed with an infection other than pyelonephritis or a puncture site infection within 30 days after the renal biopsy, and the number of patients who experience cefazolin-induced side effects.

Discussion
This randomized controlled trial aims to show the non-inferiority of not administering antibiotic prophylaxis for percutaneous renal biopsy. If this study shows that antibiotic prophylaxis is not needed, it would help to ensure patient safety and prevent the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

Trial registration
UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN-CTR) UMIN000042378. Registered on 7 Nov 2020.