bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The alga Bracteacoccus bullatus (Chlorophyceae) isolated from snow, as a source of oil comprising essential unsaturated fatty acids and carotenoids
Authors: Lukavský J. , Kopecký J. , Kubáč D. , Kvíderová J. , Procházková L. , Řezanka T. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A unicellular alga isolated from snow in the Sierra Nevada Mountains (Spain) was characterised using a polyphasic approach. Comparative analysis of ITS2 rDNA secondary structures identified the new culture (CCALA 1120 Cepák and Lukavský 2011/13) as being conspecific with Bracteacoccus bullatus (Chlorophyceae). For the first time this study documented sexual reproduction as the pairing of zoospores and also an-isogamy. Authentic strain SAG 2032. CCALA 1120 had a temperature optimum of about 21°C and an irradiance optimum above 160 µmol m− 2 s− 1. It was cultivated in pilot-plant scale over three winter-to-spring periods from 2016 to 2019, using an open thin-layer photobioreactor in a greenhouse with only partial temperature control. After harvest, a high proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) was found (53% of dry mass) with linoleic (18:2ω-6) 18.3% and α-linolenic acids (18:3ω-3) 17.4% being the most abundant. Monounsaturated fatty acids accounted for about 30% with oleic (18:1ω-9) and vaccenic acids (18:1 ω-7) as the most prominent. The ratio of PUFA ω-6/ω-3 was 1:1.16, i.e. near to the ideal ratio of 1:1, as recommended by the World Health Organization. Biomass production was 2.67 g m–2 d− 1 of dry weight, i.e. 0.2 g L− 1 d− 1. At the end of growth phase, total carotenoids made up 10.1 mg L− 1. These results indicate that B. bullatus is suitable for production of a vegetable oil at lower temperatures (12–18°C) and comprising a high content of unsaturated fatty acids.
Development and validation of a nomogram to estimate future risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults with metabolic syndrome: prospective cohort study
Authors: Yang Tongyue , Wang Jiao , Wu Lina , Guo Feng , Huang Fengjuan , Song Yi , Jing Na , Pan Mengxing , Ding Xiaoxu , Cao Zhe , Liu Shiyu , Qin Guijun , Zhao Yanyan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objectives: To develop and validate the 4-year risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus among adults with metabolic syndrome.
Design: Retrospective cohort study of a large multicenter cohort with broad validation.
Settings: The derivation cohort was from 32 sites in China and the geographic validation cohort was from Henan population-based cohort study.
Results: 568(17.63%) and 53(18.67%) participants diagnosed diabetes during 4-year follow- up in the developing and validation cohort, separately. Age, gender, body mass index, diastolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose and alanine aminotransferase were included in the final model. The area under curve for the training and external validation cohort was 0.824(95%CI, 0.759-0.889) and 0.732(95%CI, 0.594-0.871), respectively. Both the internal and external validation have good calibration plot. A nomogram was constructed to predict the probability of diabetes during 4-year follow-up, and on online calculator is also available for a more convenient usage (https://lucky0708.shinyapps.io/dynnomapp/).
Conclusion: We developed a simple diagnostic model to predict 4-year risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus among adults with metabolic syndrome, which is also available as web-based tools (https://lucky0708.shinyapps.io/dynnomapp/).
The Importance of Psychosociological Variables in Frailty Syndrome: A Study on Heart Failure Patients Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Pasieczna Aleksandra , Szczepanowski Remigiusz , Sobecki Janusz , Katarzyniak Radosław , Uchmanowicz Izabella , Gobbens Robbert J.J. , Kahsin Aleksander , Dixit Anant 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Prevention and diagnosis of frailty syndrome (FS) in cardiac patients require innovative systems supporting medical personnel and patient adherence and self-care behavior. Modern medicine uses artificial intelligence (AI) to study the psychosocial domains of frailty in cardiac patients with heart failure (HF). This study aimed to determine the absolute and relative diagnostic importance of individual components of the Tilburg frailty Indicator (TFI) syndrome questionnaire in patients with HF. An exploratory analysis was performed using machine learning algorithms and permutation method to determine the absolute importance of frailty components in HF. Based on the TFI data, which contains physical and psychosocial components, machine learning models were built based on three algorithms: a decision tree, a random decision forest, and the AdaBoost Models classifier. The absolute weights were used to make pairwise comparisons between the variables and obtain relative diagnostic importance. The analysis of HF patients’ responses showed that the psychological variable TFI20 diagnosing mood was more diagnostically important than the variables from the physical domain: lack of strength in the hands and physical fatigue. The psychological variable TFI21 linked with agitation and irritability was diagnostically more important than all three physical variables considered: difficulty walking, lack of strength in the hands and physical fatigue. In the case of the two remaining variables from the psychological domain (TFI19, TFI22), and for all variables from the social domain, the obtained results do not allow for the rejection of the null hypothesis. Our study justified the AI based approach for developing and improving existing frailty measurements in patients with HF. In long-term perspective, the AI based frailty approach can support healthcare professionals, including psychologists and social workers in drawing their attention to non-physical origins of HF.
Identifying and validating a minimum panel of important features for allergic diseases by machine-learning and deep-learning algorithms in school children aged 6-14 years
Authors: Wang Qiong , Pang Bo , Zhang Xiaoqian , Xue Mei , Zhang Yicheng , Deng Xiangling , Zhang Zhixin , Niu Wenquan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objectives: We aimed to identify and validate a minimum panel of important features for allergic diseases by machine-learning and deep-learning algorithms in school children aged 6-14 years.
Methods: We performed a cross-sectional survey in 8 primary schools and 16 middle schools using a clustering sample strategy. Features were gleaned by questionnaires. Machine/deep learning algorithms were implemented using the IDE PyCharm and Python (v3.7.6).
Results: Of 11308 eligible children, 4375 had allergic diseases. The prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema was 6.31% (713/11308), 25.36% (2868/11308) and 21.38% (2418/11308), respectively. Out of 12 machine-learning algorithms, Gaussian naive Bayes (NB) was the optimal for asthma, Bernoulli NB for rhinitis and multinomial NB for eczema. By comparison, a minimum panel of six, five and five important features was ascertained for asthma (episodes of upper and lower respiratory infection, age, gender, family history of diabetes and dental caries), rhinitis (episodes of upper respiratory infection, age, gender, maternal education and family history of diabetes) and eczema (episodes of upper respiratory infection, age, maternal education, outdoor activities and dental caries), respectively. The prediction performance of these features was further validated by deep-learning sequential model, with accuracy reaching 94.01%, 75.51% and 78.29% for asthma, rhinitis and eczema, respectively.
Conclusions: We identified three minimum panels of important features that can capture the majority of information in the whole set and accurately predict the risk of asthma, rhinitis and eczema in children aged 6-14 years of age.
Preliminary analysis of H3K4me3 in the gonads during gonadal differentiation in the olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus
Authors: Liu Yan , Wang Lijuan , Zou Yuxia , Li Ze , Wu Zhihao , Zou Congcong , Shu Chang , Wang Wenxiang , Liang Shaoshuai , You Feng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Histone methylation is one of the most important epigenetic modifications. However, there are few studies on its role in fish gonadal differentiation. In this study, we analyzed the patterns of H3K4me3 and the expression of modifying- and de-modifying enzymes in the gonads of the juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus during the gonadal differentiation process. Histological analysis showed that phenotypic female or male flounder were obtained by treatment with 17β-estradiol (E2) or testosterone (T), respectively. Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) results presented that the expression of kmt2b at 2 and 6 cm total length (TL) was higher in the T group than in the E2 group. The expression of kdm5a and kdm5c was higher in the E2 group at 10 cm TL. The results of in situ hybridization (ISH) indicated that kmt2b was mainly distributed in oocytes of the ovary at 10 cm TL. Western blot analysis showed that, H3K4me3 levels were higher in the T group than in the E2 group at 2 and 6 cm TL. As shown with Immunohistochemistry analysis, H3K4me3 was mainly located in oocytes in the ovaries. The signal in spermatogonia was weak in the testes at 10 cm TL. After incubation with an H3K4 methylase inhibitor (5’-deoxy-5’-methylthioadenosine, MTA), the levels of H3K4me3 in the gonads were significantly decreased. The qPCR results indicated that in the MTA group, the expression of sox9a and dmrt1 was significantly decreased in the testis. These results provide the basic data that H3K4me3 may be involved in fish gonadal differentiation.
Green synthesis of ferrocenyl chalcones against triple negative breast cancer
Authors: Tang Wenqiang , Gao Yanrong , Tong Hongjuan , Xu Xiaona , Zhu Zhoujing , Liu Bin , Liu Bin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Without using any solvents, a green and highly efficient protocol for the preparation of ferrocenyl chalcones has been achieved by grinding between acetylferrocene and aldehyde. In addition, their in vitro antiproliferative activity against two breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 (estrogen receptor-positive) and MDA-MB-231 (triple negative breast cancer, TNBC) was also evaluated. Most of them exhibited excellent antiproliferative activity against MDA-MB-231 cells. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) study indicated that the aldehydes unit of ferrocenyl chalcones with halogens or dimethyl substitutions were favorable for anti-TNBC activity. Among them, compound 1d exhibited the best anti-tumor effect on MDA-MB-231 cells.
WITHDRAWN: Isonicotinoylhydrazonobutanoic acidderivatives as anti-tubercular agents: In-silico studies, synthesis, spectral characterization and biological evaluation.
Authors: Lone Mehak Saba , Mubarak Mohamad Mosa , Nabi Syed Ayaz , Wani Farhat Ramzan , Amin Shaista , Nabi Sayima , Kantroo Hadiya yousuf , Ahmad Shamim , Shafi Syed , Rizvi Syed Ovais , Shamim M. , Ahmad Zahoor , Javed Kalim 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A series of novel 4-(2-isonicotinoylhydrazono) butanoic acid derivatives (3a-n) were designed, synthesized and evaluated for anti-tubercular activity. The synthesized compounds were characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, FT-IR, and Mass Spectroscopic analyses. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for anti-mycobacterial activity against avirulent (H37Ra), virulent (H37Rv) as well as INH-Resistant strains that showed good to moderate activity. The MIC and MBC values observed were found identical for both H37Ra and H37Rv. 3a, 3c, 3e and 3i were found as the most potent in the series with a MIC and MBC = 1µg/ml. The compounds showed moderate activity against the INH-resistant clinical isolates as well. The potent compounds 3a, 3c and 3i showed least cytotoxicity towards normal human cell lines (HEK-293, AML12 and RAW-264). Molecular docking studies of the synthesized compounds performed with the protein target M. tuberculosis InhA in complex with NADH (PDB ID: 4DRE) revealed that compound 3c showed the best dock score of -7.798. The compound 3c forms two hydrogen bonds with Valine (VAL 65) and Serine (SER 20) whereas INH forms two hydrogen bonds with Valine (VAL 65) and Glycine (GLY 96). Both the benzene ring and pyridine ring of the compound 3c displayed the π-π interactions with Phenylalanine (PHE 41). Physicochemical properties and pharmacokinetic profiling assessed for the synthesized compounds were found to follow Lipinski’s rule using Swiss ADME online prediction tools. These findings make them promising candidates for the future development of new anti-tubercular agents.
From RGB camera to Hyperspectral imaging: a breakthrough in Neolithic Rock Painting analysis
Authors: Schmitt Bernard , Souidi Zahira , Duquesnoy Frédérique , Donzé Frédéric-Victor 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Rock paintings undergo physical, chemical, biological and/or anthropic alterations that alter their visibility. Cameras and image enhancement tools (DStretch® plug-in) are commonly used to help identify and record images that have become invisible to the naked eye. HyperSpectral imaging (HSI) which is strongly developing in many research and application fields, is tested in this study to analyze Neolithic rock paintings. We particularly address the question of what kind of additional information can Visible Near InfraRed HSI instruments, coupled to mathematical transformations to reduce the dimensionality of the data, bring for rock paintings, compared to standard RGB cameras. From the analysis of a selection of panels painted on yellow-reddish altered sandstone walls and measured in Saharan shaded shelters we show that HSI can reveal new images by capitalizing both on its ability to extract the different pigment types with a greater contrast and on the new discriminating information contained in the very near infrared part of the spectrum. Despite their much smaller image format, HSI can provide up to 5–7 contrasted images of the spatial distribution of the different types of pigments in the figures. It thus appears to be a promising non-invasive and efficient methodology to both reveal disappeared paintings and to study image juxtapositions and painted layer superimpositions.
Automatic transparency evaluation for open knowledge extraction systems
Authors: Basereh Maryam , Caputo Annalina , Brennan Rob 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: In this paper a new transparency evaluation framework, Cyrus, is proposed for Open Knowledge Extraction (OKE) systems. Cyrus is based on the state-of-the-art AI and data transparency methods and a well-accepted framework for linked data quality evaluation. Then, the transparency of the outputs of three state-of-the-art OKE systems are automatically evaluated using a combination of three state-of-the-art FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) tools and the Luzzu linked data quality evaluation framework.
OKE systems extract structured knowledge from unstructured or semi-structured text and publish that as linked data. These systems can be used as the fundamental component of advanced knowledge services. However, due to the transition from rule-based to black-box machine learning approaches, most OKE systems are not transparent. This means that their processes and outcomes are not understandable and interpretable for humans. As a result, the transparency problem has been identified as critical by European Union Trustworthy AI guidelines. Automatic transparency evaluation helps with scalability and gives a transparency score that allows comparing different systems' transparencies. It also gives insight into the transparency weaknesses of the system and how to enhance the transparency of the system. Accordingly, being able to evaluate the transparency can be the first step of an effective transparency enhancement process.
Results: In Cyrus, data transparency includes 27 dimensions which are grouped in two categories. In this paper, Six of these dimensions, i.e., provenance, interpretability, understandability, licensing, availability, interlinking have been evaluated automatically for three state-of-the-art OKE systems, using the state-of-the-art metrics and tools. The highest mean transparency has been approx. 31\%.
Conclusions: This is the first research to study automated transparency evaluation for OKE systems. We show that state-of-the-art FAIR assessment tools and linked data quality evaluation techniques are capable of identifying some transparency weaknesses of OKE systems.\end{abstract}
Risk factors of intraocular hypertension after phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation in normal eyes
Authors: Wang Yong , Qin Liang , Li Ling , Wang Binyin , Ortega-Usobiaga Julio 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for high intraocular pressure (IOP) after phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation (PEI).
Setting: Wuhan Aier Eye Hospital, China.
Design: Retrospective case series.
Methods: The medical recordsof consecutive patients who underwent uneventful PEI from December 1, 2020, to April 1, 2021, by the same surgeon were reviewed.
Results:A total of 548 eyes of 416 patients were analyzed. The younger the age, the longer the axial length (AXL)and the larger the CDE; patients with diabetes were more likely to have high IOP after the surgery.For every 0.1-mm increase in the AXL, the likelihood of a 5-mm Hg increase in early postoperative IOP increased 1.167-fold and that of a 10-mm Hg increase in IOP increased 1.227-fold. The IOP increased by 0.1 mmHg for each 0.1 increase in CDE(P<0.001).
Conclusions: Age is an independent protective factor for early high IOP after PEI. High myopia, anterior chamber distance >4 mm, diabetes mellitus, and high CDE are risk factors for postoperative high IOP. AL and CDE could predict the peak IOP of 5 mm Hg and 10 mm Hg after the surgery.
Association between Striatal/Pancreatic Dopaminergic Ratio and Glycated Hemoglobin
Authors: Nazerani-Zemann Tina , Kalmar Peter , Gstettner Christian , Pernthaler Birgit , Schwantzer Gerold , Aigner Reingard M 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Context: 18F-FDOPA-based PET/CT imaging is used routinely in the management of various pancreatic diseases. It enters β-cells via the neutral amino acid transporter (LAT1/4F2hc). In patients with diabetes, an increase in blood glucose levels leads to a decrease in LAT1 expression. There is great interest in finding an association between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level and pancreatic dopaminergic activity.
Objective, Patients and Design: This study investigates the in vivo association between pancreatic dopaminergic activity and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients. For this purpose, we defined the mean Striatal/Pancreatic Dopaminergic Ratio (SPDRmean) and conducted a retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent 18F-FDOPA-PET/CT of the head and body trunk from 01/01/2010 to 01/31/2021. HbA1c level at examination date was obtained. Pancreatic SUVmean, striatal SUVmean and pancreatic volume were computed. SPDRmean was calculated to correct for interpatient variability. Diabetic and non-diabetic patient groups were compared. In a linear regression model we determined the relationship between SPDRmean and HbA1c adjusted for age and sex.
Results: We included 76 patients: 22 diabetics (29%), and 54 non-diabetics (71%). Between the diabetic and non-diabetic group there was a significant difference in age (p=0.006), pancreatic SUVmean (p =0.001) and SPDRmean (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in sex, striatal SUVmean, and pancreatic volume. For each SPDRmean unit increment HbA1c increases by 11.78 mmol/mol (95.0% CI 4.46-19.08).
Conclusions: SPDRmean is highly associated with HbA1c in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients.
Analysis of Predictive Occlusal Stability in Amazon Patients and Candidates for “Surgery First” Orthognathic. Occlusal Predictive Model for “Surgery First”
Authors: Cruz Eduardo Luis de Souza , Alves Ana Cristina , Oliveira Douglas Voss , Carneiro José Thiers 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the trend of predictive occlusal stability in 36 Amazonian patients and candidates for orthognathic "Surgery First". The variables gender, age, etiology, existence of orthodontic intervention, number of teeth, surgical movements, number of total contacts, their distribution by segment and intensity were considered. For this, medical records and virtual models made available by the Arch Vertical Collision Map tool of the Dolphin Imaging software were analyzed after the virtual planning was completed. Data were tabulated and processed in Bioestat 5.0 software (Mamirauá Intitute). The sample consisted of individuals with a mean age of 36 years and a mean number of teeth of 28 elements; 81% did not undergo any orthodontic intervention prior to surgery. It was not possible to predict the number and intensity of occlusal contacts according to the type of surgical movement and etiology. Orthodontic intervention in the mandible, even if minimal, has the potential to influence postoperative stability and provide less intense contacts; the number of teeth is not an isolated predictor of stability.
IL-18 and CD14 variants in chronic HBV predisposition: an experimental–bioinformatics study focused on transcription and splicing
Authors: Sarhadi Mohammad , Pahlavani Elham , Razavi Niloufar Hosseini , Ghadyani Fatemeh , Abdollahi Zahra , Sarhadi Somayeh , Majidpour Mahdi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Hepatitis B virus (HBV), a vaccine-avoidable infection, is a health concern worldwide, leading to liver disorders such as acute self-constraint and chronic hepatitis, liver failure, hepatic cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma if untreated. ‘Immunogeneticprofiling,’ genetic variations of the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines responsible for regulating the immune responses, cause person-to-person differences and impact the clinical manifestation of the disease. The current experimental–bioinformatics research was conducted to examine whether promoteric IL-18–rs187238 C > G and –rs1946518 T > G and intronic CD14–rs2569190 A > G variations are associated with chronic HBV.
Methods
A total of 400 individuals (200 in each case and control group) participated in the study and were genotyped using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique. The data was also assessed bioinformatics-wise for conservation, genomic transcription and splicing, and protein interactions.
Results
Findings proposed that unlike the IL-18–rs1946518 T > G and CD14–rs2569190 A > G, the IL-18–rs187238 C > G is a protector against chronic HBV (odds ratio [OR] = 0.62, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.46–0.83, and p = 0.002). The TG/CC/AA, TG/CC/AG, TT/CC/AG, and GG/CC/AA combined genotypes significantly increased chronic HBV risk (p < 0.05), while the IL-18 G/T and G/G haplotypes lessened it (p < 0.05). Moreover, in contrast to the IL-18–rs1946518 T > G, IL-18–rs187238 C > G is likely to create novel binding sites for transcription factors, and the CD14–rs2569190 A > G presumably changed the ribonucleic acid splicing pattern.
Conclusions
The IL-18–rs187238 C > G might protect against chronic HBV and is likely to generate novel binding sites for transcription factors.