bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On possible quantization of the fundamental tensor in the relativistic regime
Authors: Tawfik Abdel Nasser 
Published: November 2022

AbstractInspired by the quantum gravity prescriptions, for instance, string theory, doubly‐special relativity, and quantum loop gravity, we apply the generalized relativistic noncommutative Heisenberg algebra on the eight‐dimensional Finsler manifold, the natural generalization of the four‐dimensional Riemann manifold. The Finsler manifold is conjectured to relax the quadratic restriction on the length measure, especially in the relativistic regime. The additional curvature coupled with the Finsler manifold is assumed to mimic the quantization on the Riemann manifold. The second ingredient we suggest is the existence of a minimum measurable length, whose value is determined from the relativistic generalized uncertainty principle, and then applying in to the coordinates of the Finsler manifold. The quantum‐induced corrections to the fundamental tensor are determined under extreme conditions of a relativistic energy. Whether this proposal is adequate for a full quantization, the various limitations of the proposed theory are elaborated and discussed, especially the limitations of the curved spacetime model assumed for the line element measure. We have conservatively formulated our conclusion that the quantization of the fundamental tensor might be conditioned to an adequate quantization of the line element measure, at least the one on the eight‐dimensional Finsler manifold.
Platelet‐activating factor and microvesicle particles as potential mediators for the toxicity associated with intoxicated thermal burn injury
Authors: Rohan Carson J. , Lohade Rushabh P. , Brewer Chad , Travers Jeffrey B. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThermal burn injuries (TBIs) in patients who are alcohol‐intoxicated result in greater morbidity and mortality. The systemic toxicity found in human patients, which includes both immediate systemic cytokine generation with multiple organ failure and a delayed systemic immunosuppression, has previously been replicated in mouse models combining ethanol and localized TBI. Though considerable insights have been provided with these models, the exact mechanisms for these pathologic effects are unclear. In this review, we highlight the roles of the lipid mediator platelet‐activating factor (PAF) and subcellular microvesicle particle (MVP) release in response to intoxicated thermal burn injury (ITBI) as effectors in the pathology. Particularly, MVP is released from keratinocytes in response to PAF receptor (PAFR) activation due to excess PAF produced by ITBI. These subcellular particles carry and thus protect the metabolically labile PAF which enable binding of this potent lipid mediator to several key sites. We hypothesize that PAF carried by MVP can bind to PAFR within the gut, activating myosin light chain kinase (MLCK). The subsequent gut barrier dysfunction in response to MLCK activation then allows bacteria to invade the lymphatic system and, eventually, the bloodstream, resulting in sepsis and resultant dysregulated inflammation in multiple organs. PAF in MVP also activate the skin mast cell PAFR resulting in migration of this key effector cell to the lymph nodes to induce immunosuppression. This review thus provides a mechanism and potential therapeutic approaches for the increased toxicity and immunosuppressive outcomes of TBI in the presence of acute ethanol exposure.
A recommendation on the teaching of Michaelis–Menten kinetics in biochemistry courses
Authors: Howard Andrew J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMost textbooks and lecturers present Michaelis–Menten kinetics using the equation v = Vmax[S]/(Km + [S]). There are advantages to presenting this relationship in a slightly different form, namely v = Vmax/{1 + (Km/[S])}. We articulate advantages for single‐substrate reactions and extend the formalism to include the three classes of bi‐substrate reactions.
What is a superior labial frenulum? An anatomical and histological study
Authors: Iwanaga Joe , He Puhan , Fukino Keiko , Hur Mi‐Sun , Kim Hee‐Jin , Han Aya , Watanabe Koichi , Ibaragi Soichiro , Kitagawa Norio , Tubbs R. Shane 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAnatomy of the superior labial frenulum (SLF), at first glance, seems to be well established. However, existing studies on the SLF lack description of the incisivus labii superioris (ILS), which cannot be ignored when discussing the SLF. We believe that thorough understanding of the SLF necessitates the anatomical knowledge of the ILS. This study aimed to elucidate the anatomical relationship between the orbicularis oris (OO), ILS, and SLF. A total of 20 formalin fixed human cadaveric specimens were used for gross anatomical and/or histological observation. For histological observation, all specimens were stained with Masson‐trichrome. The SLF was a mucosal fold between the gingival mucosa and alveolar mucosa with connective tissue deep to it. The connective tissue attached to the alveolar bone in the junction between the right and left ILS. Skeletal muscle fibers other than orbicularis oris was found in one specimen, which were considered the ILS. During a frenulectomy, removal of the connective tissue bundle is required to prevent recurrence of the high SLF insertion.
Thyroid hormone resistance syndrome caused by a novel mutation in the thyroid hormone receptor‐beta gene (THRB, GLU457LYS) treated with methimazole
Authors: Rezgani Imen , Chihaoui Melika , Oueslati Ibtissem , Chaker Fatma , Nagi Sonia , Yazidi Meriem 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA 15‐year‐old girl presented with hyperactivity and behavior disorders. She had tachycardia and no goiter. Thyroid hormones were high and TSH normal. A novel mutation GLU457LYS in THRB gene was observed. Methimazole and propranolol improved clinical symptoms but increased TSH level.
Strangulated internal hernia caused by an iatrogenic peritoneal band after total laparoscopic hysterectomy—A caveat to consider retroperitoneum closure
Authors: Sakurai Shizuka , Suzuki Yukio , Nagai Koichi , Ishidera Yumi , Nakagawa Kazuya , Miyagi Etsuko 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSuturing the retroperitoneum is a common technique in laparoscopic hysterectomy, which is reported to reduce vaginal cuff infection and organ evisceration in case vaginal cuff dehiscence occurs. However, physicians should take into account that it may cause internal hernia.
Rapid progression of hepatocellular carcinoma in a pregnant woman: A case report
Authors: Iijima Takayoshi , Obata Soichiro , Chuma Makoto , Miyagi Etsuko , Aoki Shigeru 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in pregnant women is rare; however, a recurrence of the disease is followed by rapid lesion progression during pregnancy. We experienced a case in which HCC recurred during pregnancy and rapidly worsened. After delivery at 33 weeks, she underwent chemotherapy and made a good progress.
The new normal – Zurück in die Normalität
Authors: Woppowa Ljuba 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAuf dem 13. Jahrestreffen der Betriebsingenieure am 11. November 2022 stehen wieder aktuelle Themen aus der Praxis auf dem Programm. Darunter die Betreiberpflichten und die neue TA Luft im betrieblichen Alltag sowie “BIM für BING”: Building Information Modelling – vom Modell in die Praxis. Außerdem werden zentrale Themen aus dem betrieblichen Alltag wie Inbetriebnahme, Turnaround Management sowie Remote Unterstützung und digitale Tools diskutiert.
Recycling‐Konzept für Phosphor überzeugt
Authors: Woppowa Ljuba 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDie Gewinner des Studierenden‐Wettbewerbs ChemPLANT der kreativen jungen Verfahrensingenieure (KJVI) der VDI‐Gesellschaft Verfahrenstechnik und Chemieingenieurwesen (GVC) kommen wie im Vorjahr auch diesmal vom Karlsruher Institut für Technologie KIT.
“Glorious Blue” macht das Rennen
Authors: Woppowa Ljuba 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDen ersten Platz beim diesjährigen ChemCar‐Wettbewerb sicherte sich das Team “Spectronics” der ITS Universität Surabaya, Indonesien, mit ihrem ChemCar “Glorious Blue”, gefolgt von Team “LAMA” der TU Berlin und Team “CARpagner” der RWTH Aachen auf den Plätzen zwei und drei.
Prozessanalytik für mehr Produktionseffizienz
Authors: Hakelberg Sabrina 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUm die Produktionseffizienz zu steigern, können, gemäß der NAMUR‐Roadmap Prozess‐Sensoren 2027+, Sensoren und PAT‐Messgeräte, wie das NIR‐Spektrometer von Metrohm Process Analytics dafür mehr als nur Messdaten, sondern auch Vitaldaten zur Zustandsüberwachung liefern.
Brownfield sicher vernetzen
Authors: Ullrich Steffen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHäufig gilt es, Bestandsanlagen (Brownfield) in der Fertigungs‐ und Prozessindustrie zu erweitern. Mit einem ganzheitlichen Ansatz können solche Umgebungen effizient gegen Risiken wie Cyberangriffe geschützt werden. Eine gute IT‐OT‐Security‐Strategie legt außerdem den Grundstein, um Security Incidents frühzeitig zu identifizieren und hilft, die Verfügbarkeit und Effizienz von Anlagen zu steigern.
Das Ökosystem für modulare Produktion wächst
Authors: Wetterau Jörg 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUnter dem Motto “Process Industry: Future Production is Modular & Open” zeigten Automatisierer und Anlagenbauer wie ABB, Copa‐Data, Emerson, Endress+Hauser, Festo, Hans Turck, Hima, Knick, Krohne, Pepperl + Fuchs, Phoenix Contact, R. Stahl, Samson, Schneider Electric, Semodia, Siemens, Wago und Yokogawa, Universitäten (TU Dresden, Uni Hamburg, TU Ingolstadt, Fraunhofer IFF) sowie Anwender wie BASF, Bayer, Covestro, Evonik, Colorants und Dow, was aktuell in der modularen Produktion möglich ist. Im Mittelpunkt stand die Kerntechnologie der modularen Automation: das Module Type Package (MTP), das den einzelnen Modulen eine digitale Beschreibung gibt.
Prozessdaten sinnvoll nutzen
Authors: Brügel Silke 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFür eine nutzbringende Digitalisierung kommt es nicht nur darauf an, Daten zu erzeugen und zu sammeln, sondern diese auch vernünftig zu verarbeiten und daraus die richtigen Schlüsse zu ziehen. Dafür braucht es technische Kompetenz in Hard‐ und Software sowie im Datenmanagement, aber auch Erfahrung in Prozessindustrie.
Vernetzt vom Silo bis ins Lager
Authors: Imberg Rafael 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMaschinen in petrochemischen Betrieben müssen außerordentlich zuverlässig und robust sein. Denn kommt es zu Ausfällen, können auf den Betreiber Kosten in Millionenhöhe zukommen. Die Beumer Group liefert von der Absackung bis zur Verpackung komplette Verpackungslinien inklusive Service. Der Anwender profitiert von der modularen Bauweise der Maschinen und weiteren Vorteilen durch die zunehmende Vernetzung und Digitalisierung.
RFID sorgt für mehr Sicherheit in der Prozessindustrie
Authors: Päschel Sascha 
Published: November 2022

Abstract"Die übergabe pumpfähiger Prozessmedien bei der Anlieferung oder Zuführung in verfahrenstechnischen Anlagen erfolgt oftmals über sogenannte Schlauchbahnhöfe. Aufgrund der Vielzahl von Kopplungsstellen, müssen nicht korrekt hergestellte Verbindungen erkannt werden, um hohe Folgekosten und Unfälle zu vermeiden. RFID hilft die hergestellten Verbindungen automatisch und zuverlässig zu überprüfen.	"
Industriearmaturen mit digitalem Ausweis
Authors: Hasselbach Michael 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDer digitale Ausweis sorgt für eindeutig identifizierbare Geräte und stellt standardisierte Produktdaten digital zur Verfügung. Dabei unterstützen die Normen DIN SPEC 91406/IEC 61406 und VDI 2770, die der Armaturenhersteller AS‐Schneider in der Kennzeichnung seiner Artikel mit einem QR‐Code umgesetzt hat. Die Daten sollen auch zum cloudbasierten Informationsaustausch genutzt werden. Geprüft werden vom Industrieausschuss Digital Data Chain Consortium (DDCC) die Plattformen Asset Intelligence Network von SAP und Netilion von Endress+Hauser.
Synthesis and Growth of Green Graphene from Biochar Revealed by Magnetic Properties of Iron Catalyst
Authors: Ghogia Amel C. , Romero Millán Lina M. , White Claire E. , Nzihou Ange 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the mechanism of iron‐catalyzed graphitization of biomass is an important step for the large‐scale synthesis of green graphene. Although iron is known to be the most active transition metal for the catalytic graphitization of cellulose‐derived biochar, the direct effect of the iron molecular structure on the formation of highly graphitic carbon remains elusive. Here, biochar was produced from pyrolysis of iron‐impregnated cellulose at three different temperatures (1000, 1400, and 1800 °C). X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and magnetic measurements were used to probe changes in biochar nanostructure catalyzed by the inclusion of iron. An increase of pyrolysis temperature led to an increase in the iron particle size and the degree of iron reduction, as well as the formation of larger graphitic carbon crystallite sizes, and these two attributes of iron were seen to positively affect the biochar graphitization usually challenging under 2000 °C.
Novel insights into the origin and development of CNS macrophage subsets
Authors: Masuda Takahiro , Amann Lukas , Prinz Marco 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe central nervous system (CNS) hosts a variety of immune cells, including two distinct macrophage populations: microglia are found in the parenchyma, whereas CNS‐associated macrophages (CAMs) cover the CNS interfaces, such as the perivascular spaces, the meninges and the choroid plexus. Recent studies have given novel insights into the nature of CAMs as compared to microglia. In this mini‐review, we summarise the current knowledge about the ontogenetic relationship and the underlying mechanism for the establishment of CNS macrophages during development.
Blockade of the pentraxin 3/CD44 interaction attenuates lung injury‐induced fibrosis
Authors: Chi Jhih‐Ying , Hsiao Yu‐Wei , Liang Hsin‐Yin , Huang Tang‐Hsiu , Chen Feng‐Wei , Chen Chen‐Yang , Ko Chiung‐Yuan , Cheng Chao‐Chun , Wang Ju‐Ming 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundFibrosing interstitial lung diseases (fILD) are potentially fatal with limited therapeutic options and no effective strategies to reverse fibrogenesis. Myofibroblasts are chief effector cells in fibrosis that excessively deposit collagen in the pulmonary interstitium and lead to progressive impairment of gaseous exchange.MethodsPlasma and lung specimens from patients with fILD were applied for detecting pentraxin 3 (PTX3) abundance by ELISA and Immunohistochemistry. Masson's trichrome and Sirius red stains and hydroxyproline assay were performed for assessing collagen accumulation in the lungs of bleomycin‐exposed conditional Ptx3‐deficient and PTX3‐neutralizing antibody (αPTX3i)‐treated mice. Downstream effectors including signaling pathways and fibrotic genes were examined for assessing CD44‐involved PTX3‐induced fibrosis in HFL1 and primary mouse fibroblasts.
ResultsPTX3 was upregulated in the lungs and plasma of bleomycin‐exposed mice and correlated with disease severity and adverse outcomes in fILD patients. Decreased collagen accumulation, attenuation of alveolar fibrosis and fibrotic markers, and improved lung function were observed in bleomycin‐exposed conditional Ptx3‐deficient mice. PTX3 activates lung fibroblasts to differentiate towards migrative and highly collagen‐expressing myofibroblasts. Lung fibroblasts with CD44 inactivation attenuated the PI3K‐AKT1, NF‐κB, and JNK signaling pathways and fibrotic markers. αPTX3i mimic‐based therapeutic studies demonstrated abrogation of the migrative fibroblast phenotype and myofibroblast activation in vitro. Notably, αPTX3i inhibited lung fibrosis, reduced collagen deposition, increased mouse survival, and improved lung function in bleomycin‐induced pulmonary fibrosis.ConclusionsThe present study reveals new insights into the involvement of the PTX3/CD44 axis in fibrosis and suggests PTX3 as a promising therapeutic target in fILD patients.
On the shape and origins of the freshwater species–area relationship
Authors: Passy Sophia I. , Mruzek Joseph L. , Budnick William R. , Leboucher Thibault , Jamoneau Aurélien , Chase Jonathan M. , Soininen Janne , Sokol Eric R. , Tison‐Rosebery Juliette , Vilmi Annika , Wang Jianjun , Larson Chad A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe species–area relationship (SAR) has over a 150‐year‐long history in ecology, but how its shape and origins vary across scales and organisms remains incompletely understood. This is the first subcontinental freshwater study to examine both these properties of the SAR in a spatially explicit way across major organismal groups (diatoms, insects, and fish) that differ in body size and dispersal capacity. First, to describe the SAR shape, we evaluated the fit of three commonly used models, logarithmic, power, and Michaelis–Menten. Second, we proposed a hierarchical framework to explain the variability in the SAR shape, captured by the parameters of the SAR model. According to this framework, scale and species group were the top predictors of the SAR shape, climatic factors (heterogeneity and median conditions) represented the second predictor level, and metacommunity properties (intraspecific spatial aggregation, γ‐diversity, and species abundance distribution) the third predictor level. We calculated the SAR as a sample‐based rarefaction curve using 60 streams within landscape windows (scales) in the United States, ranging from 160,000 to 6,760,000 km2. First, we found that all models provided good fits (R2 ≥ 0.93), but the frequency of the best‐fitting model was strongly dependent on organism, scale, and metacommunity properties. The Michaelis–Menten model was most common in fish, at the largest scales, and at the highest levels of intraspecific spatial aggregation. The power model was most frequent in diatoms and insects, at smaller scales, and in metacommunities with the lowest evenness. The logarithmic model fit best exclusively at the smallest scales and in species‐poor metacommunities, primarily fish. Second, we tested our framework with the parameters of the most broadly used SAR model, the log–log form of the power model, using a structural equation model. This model supported our framework and revealed that the SAR slope was best predicted by scale‐ and organism‐dependent metacommunity properties, particularly spatial aggregation, whereas the intercept responded most strongly to species group and γ‐diversity. Future research should investigate from the perspective of our framework how shifts in metacommunity properties due to climate change may alter the SAR.
Meta‐analysed numbers needed to treat of novel antidiabetic drugs for cardiovascular outcomes
Authors: Wolff Georg , Lin Yingfeng , Akbulut Cihan , Brockmeyer Maximilian , Parco Claudio , Hoss Alexander , Sokolowski Alexander , Westenfeld Ralf , Kelm Malte , Roden Michael , Schlesinger Sabrina , Kuss Oliver 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimsAbsolute treatment effects—i.e. numbers needed to treat (NNTs)—of novel antidiabetic drugs for cardiovascular outcomes have not been comprehensively evaluated. We aimed to perform a meta‐analysis of digitalized individual patient outcomes to display and compare absolute treatment effects.Methods and resultsIndividual patient time‐to‐event information from Kaplan–Meier plots of cardiovascular mortality (CM) and/or hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) endpoints from cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs) evaluating dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4) inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) receptor agonists, and sodium glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors vs. placebo were digitalized using WebPlotDigitizer 4.2 and the R code of Guyot et al.; Weibull regression models were generated, validated, and used to estimate NNT for individual trials; random‐effects meta‐analysis generated Meta‐NNT with 95% confidence intervals. Sixteen CVOTs reported time‐to‐event information (14 in primary diabetes and 2 in primary heart failure populations). Thirteen studies including 96 860 patients were meta‐analysed for CM: At the median follow‐up of 30 months, Meta‐NNTs were 178 (64 to ∞ to −223) for DPP‐4 inhibitors, 261 (158 to 745) for GLP‐1 receptor agonists, and 118 (68 to 435) for SGLT2 inhibitors. Ten studies including 96 128 patients were meta‐analysed for HHF: At the median follow‐up of 29 months, estimated Meta‐NNTs were −644 (229 to ∞ to −134) for DPP‐4 inhibitors, 441 (184 to ∞ to −1100) for GLP‐1 receptor agonists, and 126 (91 to 208) for SGLT2 inhibitors. SGLT2 inhibitors were especially effective for HHF in primary heart failure populations [Meta‐NNT 25 (19 to 39)] vs. primary diabetes populations [Meta‐NNT 233 (167 to 385)] at 16 months of follow‐up.ConclusionsWe found only modest treatment benefits of GLP‐1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors for CM and HHF in primary type 2 diabetes mellitus populations. In primary heart failure populations, SGLT2 inhibitor benefits were substantial and comparable in efficacy to established heart failure medication.
A Lacunary Polyoxometalate Anion Tightly Sealed in a ZIF‐8 Polyhedron with Ultrafast Cationic Dye Adsorption
Authors: Zhang Chun‐Hui , Zhang Jia‐Yuan , Feng Yi , Qi Xin‐Hua , Gao Guang‐Gang , Fan Lin‐Lin , Liu Hong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFinding efficient materials for treatment of dye wastewater is a hot research topic in the field of environmental science. In this paper, the mono‐lacunary polyoxometalate anion (SiW11) is completely sealed in a zeolitic imidazolate (ZIF‐8) polyhedron, forming a new polyhedral absorbent, SiW11@ZIF‐8, with an intact surface and a negative charge center. Unlike saturated Keggin type polyoxoanions, SiW11is only stable under neutral conditions and does not release any protons in solutions. Therefore, SiW11@ZIF‐8 does not display the usually observed acid‐induced etching and shows effective and ultrafast adsorption for the cationic dye methylene blue. This work not only indicates that the neutral polyoxoanion is a more suitable candidate to be sealed in ZIF‐8 to form a stable unpunched composite, but also provides a new concept for the design of stable polyoxometalate@ZIF adsorbents to be potentially used in the treatment of cationic dyes in wastewater.