bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of Hamamatsu VUV4 SiPMs for detecting liquid argon scintillation
Authors: Pershing T. , Xu J. , Bernard E. , Kingston J. , Mizrachi E. , Brodsky J. , Razeto A. , Kachru P. , Bernstein A. , Pantic E. , Jovanovic I. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Detection of light signals is crucial to a wide range of
particle detectors. In particular, efficient detection of vacuum
ultraviolet (VUV) light will provide new opportunities for some
novel detectors currently being developed, but is technically
challenging. In this article, we characterized the performance of
Hamamatsu VUV4 silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) for detecting VUV
argon scintillation light without wavelength shifting. Using a
customized cryogenic amplifier design, we operated two models of
VUV4 SiPMs inside liquid argon and thoroughly examined their direct
sensitivities to liquid argon scintillation. In addition to
describing their cryogenic performance, we measured a photon
detection efficiency of 14.7+1.1
-2.4% and
17.2+1.6
-3.0% at 128 nm for these two VUV4 models for
operation at 4 V of overvoltage, with the main uncertainty arising
from the SiPM reflectivity for VUV light.
Exosomes derived from magnesium ion—stimulated macrophages inhibit angiogenesis
Authors: Hang Ruiqiang , Tian Xue , Qu Guangping , Zhao Yuyu , Yao Runhua , Zhang Yi , Wei Wenfa , Yao Xiaohong , Chu Paul K 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Angiogenesis, an essential prerequisite to osteogenesis in bone repair and regeneration, can be mediated by immunoregulation of macrophages. Magnesium and its alloys are promising biodegradable bone implant materials and can affect immunoregulation of macrophages by the degradation products (magnesium ions). Nevertheless, the mechanism of macrophage-derived exosomes stimulated by Mg ions in immunoregulation is still not well understood. Herein, 10–50 mM magnesium ions are shown to inhibit the macrophage viability and proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, but a high concentration results in macrophage apoptosis. The exosomes secreted by macrophages from magnesium ion stimulation inhibit angiogenesis of endothelial cells, as manifested by the suppressed cell viability, proliferation, migration, and tube formation, which arise at least partially from exosome-mediated downregulation of endothelial nitric oxide and the vascular endothelial growth factor. The findings reported in this paper suggest that the bio-functionality of biodegradable magnesium alloys must be considered from the perspective of immunoregulation of macrophage-derived exosomes. Our results also suggest potential cancer therapy by inhibiting tumor-associated angiogenesis.
Coupled forest zoning and agricultural intervention yields conflicting outcomes for tropical forest conservation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)
Authors: Nackoney J , Demol M , Akpona H A , Bauters M , Boeckx P , Dupain J , Facheux C , Hansen M C , Kalemba J-C , Kehbila A G , Potapov P , Tabu Senga A , Six J , Turubanova S , Williams D , Vanlauwe B 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Agricultural intensification and forest conservation are often seen as incompatible. Agricultural interventions can help boost food security for poor rural communities but in certain cases can exacerbate deforestation, known as the rebound effect. We tested whether coupling agricultural interventions with participatory forest zoning could improve food security and promote forest conservation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Simple agricultural interventions led to a >60% increase in cassava yields and a spill-over effect of improved cassava variety uptake in non-intervention zones. Household surveys conducted at the end of the 8 year project implementation period revealed that households that received agricultural interventions had more favorable attitudes toward forest zoning and conservation. The surveys also showed that farmers in the intervention domain practiced less land-intensive field and fallow management strategies compared to those practiced in the non-intervention domain. However, an 18 year time series analysis of Landsat satellite data revealed that agricultural expansion persisted in areas both with and without intervention assistance, and there is risk of a rebound effect. Approximately 70% of the tree cover loss that occurred outside of the agricultural areas was located within a 3 km buffer zone surrounding the outermost edges of the agricultural areas, which suggested that the majority of tree cover loss was caused by agricultural expansion. Within that 3 km buffer, average annual tree cover loss during the post-intervention period was higher in the intervention domain compared to the non-intervention domain (0.17% yr−1 compared to 0.11% yr−1 respectively, p < 0.001), suggesting risk of a rebound effect. The disconnection between household perceptions of zoning adherence and actual behavior indicates the importance of strengthening governance structures for community-based monitoring and enforcement.
Loschmidt echo and Poincaré recurrences of entanglement
Authors: Ermann Leonardo , Frahm Klaus M , Shepelyansky Dima L 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We study numerically the properties of entanglement of two interacting, or noninteracting, particles evolving in a regime of quantum chaos in the quantum Chirikov standard map. Such pairs can be viewed as interacting, on noninteracting, Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen pairs in a regime of quantum chaos. The analysis is done with such tools as the Loschmidt echo of entanglement and the Poincaré recurrences of entanglement in presence of absorption. The obtained results show unusual features of the entropy of entanglement and the spectrum of Schmidt decomposition with their dependence on interactions at different quantum chaos regimes.
A new Android Application Framework (AAF) for API PM2.5 data management system
Authors: Sadun A S , Rosli M A , Hashim N H , Sukor J A , Othman N , Cheng N K , Si T C , Ning C Y 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Air Pollution Index (API) is used in Malaysia to measure the ambient air quality and PM2.5 is one of its parameters for ambient air quality monitoring. However, most of the PM2.5 samplers available for research and monitoring by universities and monitoring providers are in manual mode in which the data was logged into the equipment data logger and was manually extracted to the personal computer before analysis. Therefore, this project is aimed to propose an Android Application Framework (AAF) containing IoT devices to monitor the real-time ambient air quality and disseminate computed API information through the social media platform. In this study, mobile apps which are Blynk was used and enabled the user to control remotely desirable outcomes at any time. E-sampler IoT interface, mobile application, data management, data management system, API judgment and information dissemination are proposed to make AAF succeed. As a result, the proposed AAF has been fully utilized in obtaining real-time pollutants data and finally analyzing PM2.5 to obtain real-time API information. IoT device has successfully interface with E-Sampler, to obtain raw data and be able to be downloaded for further analysis. In conclusion, AAF has functioned great and information was disseminated to the public through social media.
Indoor air quality (IAQ) in a naval ship after refit program: a time variation analysis
Authors: Zahaba Maryam , Sarah Fatihah Tamsi Nur , Engliman Sakinah , Faiz Kamaruddin Amirul , Artika Hassan Noor , Ariffin Arman 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Refurbishments of the ship’s external and internal structures are the main scopes of a refit program. These activities may affect the indoor air quality (IAQ) inside ships and increase the indoor air pollutants (IAP) concentrations onboard. Therefore, continuous IAQ monitoring is needed to determine IAP exposure to the ship’s crew. This study evaluates the changes in IAQ conditions inside a naval ship over a two-time interval to determine the effect of compliance with the recommended engineering control measures proposed in the first assessment. Following the standard of the Industry Code of Practice on Indoor Air Quality 2010 (ICOP on IAQ 2010), seven IAQ parameters (temperature, relative humidity (RH), carbon dioxide (CO2), respirable particulates/particulate matter (PM10), total volatile organic compounds (TVOC), bacterial count, and fungal count) were measured in two assessment phases. The first phase was conducted after the ship completed the refit program, and the second phase began three months later, following the execution of the recommended engineering control measures. According to the findings of this study, all IAQ parameters improved when compared to the first phase assessment. However, some of the readings were still non-compliance with the standards of ICOP on IAQ 2010. In conclusion, the ship’s IAQ parameters were improved following the recommended engineering control measures, although more enhanced approaches were required to ensure all parameters complied with the ICOP on IAQ 2010.
The Analysis of Pollutant Concentrations Before and During Movement Control at Quarry Areas Using an Artificial Intelligent Technique
Authors: Yahaya N Z , Jalaludin J , Rais I A I , Mohamad Hussin U S , Yahaya J , Rahman E S A 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper investigated the influence and interactions of air pollution concentrations by using the stochastic boosted regression trees between variables for each station and the impact of the COVID-19 Movement Control Order at Ipoh City air quality station. The one-hour data were gathered from the Department of Environment from January until June 2019 and 2020. Two thousand two hundred thirty-one data of particles, gases (Nitrogen oxides, Sulphur Dioxide, Ozone, Carbon Monoxide) concentrations and meteorological data (wind speed, wind directions, temperature, and relative humidity) were captured. The BRT model development process with an algorithm using a comprehensive package, R Software and its packages to understand the variability and trends. It was found that the relationship between the number of samples and number of trees (nt) of 4372 for oob were found the best iterations obtained. The performance of the boosting model was assessed and found that the FAC2 was 0.91, the R2 values were above 0.56 (R = 0.74), and the Index of Agreements (IOA) was 0.67, which fall ranges are within an acceptable for model performance. The Relative Variable Importance (RVI) that influenced PM2.5 for non-MCO data was CO (18.9% ), SO2 (14.6 %), O3 (12.9 %), and wd (10.66 %) while CO (22.6%), RH (13.4%), 14.7% and O3 (12.1%) were RVI factors influenced to PM2.5 concentrations during MCO periods. Estimating the strength of interaction effects (SIE) between variables was 0.24 for CO-wind directions, followed by 0.19 for ozone-wind speeds and 0.15 for NO2-CO. Results showed that the model developed was within the acceptable range and could be used to understand particles and identify important parameters that influence particle concentrations.
Analysis of the Characteristics of Heavy Metal Elements in Soil Around the Smelting Area of Pasuruan Industrial Estate, Indonesia
Authors: Ammar A G A , Syafei A D , Santoso M , Tangahu B V , Assomadi A F , Hermana J 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Smelting plant is an activity that produces emissions in the form of heavy metal particulates that can cause pollution and are harmful to human health in excessive concentrations. This research was conducted to determine the heavy metals’ characteristics in the soil around the metal smelting area of Beji industrial area, Pasuruan, Indonesia. A total of 33 soil samples were collected at 200 m, 500 m, 2km and 5km from the metal smelting area. The concentrations of heavy metals Zn (669.47 - 63.25 mg/kg), Cd (94.88 - 40.30 mg/kg) and V (198.98 - 108.19 mg/kg) in the soil were determined by using EDXRF Spectrometer Minipal 4. The concentration of zinc reduces with distance from an industrial region. The amounts of cadmium and vanadium did not change considerably with distance. Then the potential pollution risks of heavy metal in the soil were evaluated by method of assessment of heavy metal contaminations in soil. These Cf values indicated that the assessment of heavy metal contamination in soils from smelters was category: Indicates no contamination, suspected contamination, slight contamination and extreme contamination.
Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation of Two Rice Varieties with Atmyb61 Gene for Lignin Content Manipulation Toward Biomass Refinery
Authors: Rahmawati S , Pantouw C F , Estiati A , Satrio B , Widyajayantie D , Astuti D , Windiastri V E , Rachmat A , Nurhasanah A N , Sulistyowati Y , Nugroho S 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The Atmyb61 gene is essential for lignin biosynthesis. Lignin has the promise that would be used to make renewable chemicals and biomaterials. The goal of this work was to alter the lignin content of two rice varieties: Nipponbare (Oryza sativa subsp. japonica) and Rojolele (O. sativa subsp. javanica). The AtMyb61 gene regulated by a strong constitutive CaMV 35S promoter was transformed into these rice varieties mediated by the Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA 4404. Positive transgenic plants were identified using HPT leave assay and PCR analysis. A total of 192 putative transgenic plants were obtained, of which 85 and 18 putative transgenic plants for Nipponbare and Rojolele, respectively. Regeneration (57.73%) and transformation (10.20%) efficiency of Nipponbare was higher than that of regeneration (28.93%) and transformation (2.25%) efficiency of Rojolele. In planta HPT leave assay showed that 85 (68.55%) plants of Nipponbare cultivar and 18 (26.47%) plants of Rojolele cultivar expressed hygromycin phosphotransferase (hpt) indicated that the rice plants positive contained inserted genes. The results of PCR analysis using a specific primer for the hpt gene on 39 HPT-positive plants showed that all plants had transgenes. Rice genes expression involved in lignin biosynthesis, lignin content, and other physiological and agronomical characteristics will be examined in greater detail.
Optimization of Delignification Process of Reeds as Raw Materials for Making Art Paper
Authors: Ihwah A , Dewi I A , Sari A P , Utami A F R , Mumpuni A P 
Published: April 2022

AbstractArt paper is a handicraft product made from fibers derived from plants. Plants that are used as the basic material for making art paper are plants that contain cellulose. One of plants that can be used as the basis for art paper are reeds. Reeds is one type of grass plant that can grow on land that has moist or dry characteristics. The aim of this research is making best-quality art paper from reed waste in order to tackle the environmental problem aftermath production process in reed drink industry. The laboratory activity of this research was carried out in August 2021 in laboratory of Universitas Brawijaya. For analysis, Design Expert 10 software with Response Surface method was used to get the optimum treatment in the process of delignification of reeds. There were two factors used in the Response Surface method, namely the raw material of reeds is the concentration of acetic acid with 85%, 90%, and 95% and cooking time of 30 minutes, 60 minutes, and 90 minutes. The optimum point of reeds delignification was the treatment with a 92.50% of acetic acid concentration and cooking time of 65.87 minutes which obtained cellulose and lignin of 77.501% and 7.352% respectively.
Abundance and biomass of earthworm as affected by long-term different types of soil tillage and fertilization on mungbean plantation at Ultisols
Authors: Niswati A , Liyana  , Prasetyo D , Lumbanraja J 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Long-term tillage and fertilization system have a strong impact on earthworms biomass and abundance in agriculture soils, however, enumerating their influence on mungbean plantation remains little studied. The purpose of this research was to study the effect of continous tillage and fertilization and their interaction on earthworms biomass and abundance under mungbean plantations. Two factors of treatments consisted of tillage system (minimum tillage and intensive tillage) and fertilization (without fertilization and fertilization by NPK (15:15:15) + chicken manure) what has been done since the first (2017) to sixth planting season (2020). The handsorting method was conducted at vegetative maximum and harvest time of mungbeans. The results show that the abundance and biomass of earthworms are significantly higher in minimum tillage compared to intensive tillage as well as fertilization compare to without fertilization. The greatest earthworms biomass and abundance were found in the maximum vegetative of mungbean. The interaction effect occurred at the maximum vegetative observation, namely in intensive tillage, there was no effect of fertilization, on the contrary, at minimum tillage, fertilization increased the abundance and biomass of earthworms. As a consequence, our results indicate that minimum tillage and fertilization significantly improve soil biological quality.
Morphologically Diversity of Colletotrichum sp. Conidia Associated With Anthracnose on Chili
Authors: Wicaksono D , Kafiya M 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The research conducted to observe the diversity of Colletotrichum sp. associated with anthracnose on chili. The diversity was observed from morphology of conidia. Colletotrichum sp. was isolated from Capsicum frustescens, C. annum (big chili variety and red curly chili) with anthracnose symptoms. In the isolation process, two isolates were obtained from C. annum big chili variety (BA and BB), 5 isolates were isolated from C. annum red curly chili (DPTK1, DPTK2, KA, KC, and KD), and 7 isolates from C. frustescens (DPTR1, DPTR2, RA, RB, RC, RD, and UPN4). Conidia length, shape, and color were observed. Isolate BA from C. annum big chili variety has the longest conidia than other isolate in average (16.10). Isolate RA from C. frustescens has the shortest conidia than other isolates (10.05). All isolates have hyaline color. Isolate BA, DPT K-1, RC, RD, and UPN4 have Fusiform shape. Isolate with cylindrical with rounded apices is BB, DPT K-2, KA, KD, DPT R-1, DPT R-2, RA, and RB. Conidia of Colletotrichum sp. isolated from Capsicum frustescens and C. annum have hyaline colour and diversity on the length and shape.
The Growth and Yield Responses of Shallot (Allium Ascalonicum L.) to Plant Spacing and Tuber Cutting by NFT Hydroponic
Authors: Siagian T E N , Sasmita E R , Irawati E B 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) is a kind of horticultural commodity, which has good development potential in Indonesia. In order to overcome the uncertainty of climatic conditions and demand that continues to increase as the population of Indonesia increases, it is necessary to develop shallot cultivation techniques using the NFT hydroponic system. This study aimed to determine the effect of the interaction between plant spacing and tuber cutting on the growth and yield of shallots. The study was conducted in February-April 2021 at Hidroponikpedia, Pandowoharjo, Kab. Sleman, Special Region of Yogyakarta 55512. The study used a two-factor split-plot design replicated 3 times. The main plot used plant spacing consisting of 3 levels (10x10 cm, 10x15 cm, and 10x20 cm) and the subplot used the tuber cutting consisting of 3 levels (without cutting, cutting 1/3 parts, and cutting 1/4 parts). Record data on growth and yield parameters, and perform analysis of variance (ANOVA) at the 5% level of significance. The results showed that there was no interaction between plant spacing and tuber cutting on the growth and yield of shallot. The tuber cutting treatment has obvious growth and yield, but the difference in plant spacing between the kinds of plant spacing is not significant.
Effectiveness of K-fertilizer residue and soil water availability on growth, soil properties and yield of soybeans (Glycine max L.) in Inceptisols
Authors: Nurlaeny N , Herdiyantoro D , Laili S T , Shafira M P , Cahya A P , Baihera H N , Mulyani S , Putra R M 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This research aimed to study the effectiveness of K-fertilizer residue and percentages of soil water availability on growth, the yield of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr) cv. Anjasmoro and soil properties of Inceptisols. The experiment was carried out in a plastic house of the controlled culture laboratory, Agriculture Faculty of Universitas Padjadjaran. The randomized factorial block pattern was used which the first factor was the residue of soil K-fertilizer from the previous crop which consisted of four levels (k0 = control given N, P and K fertilizers; k1 = residue of 1x; k2 = residue of 1%x, and k3 = residue of 1/x of the recommended dose and given N, P fertilizers only). The second factor was the percentage of available water consisted of four levels (100%, 80%, 60% and 40% of available water). The results showed that interaction of 1-1/x K-fertilizer residues on 80-100% of available water significantly affected growth components, higher plant K-uptake was produced only by the interaction of 1/x K-fertilizer residue on 100% of available water. The residue of 1/x K-fertilizer on 100% of available water produced a higher weight of 100 seeds. Compared to control, residues of 1-1/x K-fertilizer were still effective in providing soybean yields (0.93 – 1.40%). Independently, higher soil exchangeable-K at 6 WAP was found on 100% of available water; whereas soil organic matter and CEC were not different.
Coffee plantation characteristics of migrant farmers: a case study in Tanggamus, Lampung, Indonesia
Authors: Evizal R , Prasmatiwi F E 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTanggamus District is the second-largest coffee producer in Lampung Province after West Lampung District. The main production region is located at the highland of the northern side of Tanggamus namely the Sub-district of Air Naningan, Pulau Panggung, and Ulu Belu which border with protected forest area. This research was conducted in the Sumberejo Sub-district of Tanggamus Regency using survey and Focused Group Discussion method, considering that Sumberejo was the population center and the main coffee producer among Talang Padang ex-subdistrict region. The study involved 3 villages that were chosen purposely with 71 respondents of coffee farmers that were determined using a simple random sampling method and 3 series of FGD from April 2019 until September 2020. Data were analyzed using both descriptive and quantitative methods. The results show that 49% of sample farmers grow coffee located at medium (5-19 km) or long distances (⩾20 km) from home. There are 25-76% of sample farmers who work as a seasonal migrant usually (76.5% farmers) come to the garden once a month or once in two months. About 38% of sample farmers have coffee plantations outside Sumberejo Sub-district mainly at the Sub-district of Air Naningan and Ulu Belu. Long-distance coffee plantations are characterized by larger landholdings (1.5 ha on average), higher coffee stands per hectare (2,456 trees on average), and are dominated by mature coffee trees (41% farmers) and younger coffee trees (29% farmers). The more distance from home the lower shade trees population is. However more divers of MPTS are found in the coffee plantation that is located close to home residency. The yield of coffee plantations that are in a close or medium distance from home ranges 0.75-0.77 tons per hectare per year. Meanwhile, coffee plantations that are located a far distance from home get a yield of 0.94 tons per hectare.