bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the effect of manganese oxides on the reduction of Hexavalent chromium by sodium alginate dispersed nano zero-valent iron and the mechanism
Authors: Ling Caiyuan , Qin Xingzi , Jiang Linjiang , Lu Dingtian , Chai Xingle , Gu Xinyi , Zhou Zirui , Zhang Chaolan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
One of the most typical pollutants in soil is chromium (Cr). The remediation of Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] contaminated soils by sodium alginate modified nano zero-valent iron (SA-NZVI) has been extensively studied, while naturally occurring oxidants (manganese oxides) have been found to affect its effectiveness. Therefore, in this paper, by exploring the effect of manganese minerals on chromium reduction, it was found that acid birnessite (A-Bir) has the greatest effect on the oxidation of Cr(III) and also finds that A-Bir affects the stability of SA-NZVI and Cr(VI) reduction products. In the remediation of Cr(VI)-contaminated soils, A-Bir significantly promoted the removal of Cr(VI) by SA-NZVI in the first 7 d and inhibited the reduction of Cr(VI) or re-oxidizes the reduced Cr(VI) and releases it into the environment after 14 d. This process caused a rise in soil pH, which in turn led to a decreased in the effectiveness of Fe in the soil and a significant increased in the effective state of Mn. The investigation also revealed that the re-rise in Cr(VI) content could be due to a reaction between dissolved Cr(III) in the reduction products and the solid A-Bir surface, or it could be due to a reaction between the Mn dissolved out of the A-Bir in the soil and the reduction products. This study shows that A-Bir is a key factor influencing the remediation of Cr(VI)-contaminated soils by SA-NZVI.
In(OTf)3-Catalyzed Reorganization/Cycloaddition of Two Imine Units and Subsequently Modular Assembly of Acridinium Photocatalysts
Authors: Nan Jiang , Huang Guanjie , Liu Shilei , Wang Jing , Ma Yangmin , Luan Xinjun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Reorganization of unsaturated chemical bonds is one of the most promising strategies to generate architecturally diversified and innovative molecular library. Herein, we disclose a novel reorganization/cycloaddition between two imine units catalyzed by In(OTf)3 Lewis acid, which is sharply distinguished from the well-recognized [4+2] cycloaddition version with Povarov reaction. By means of this unprecedented imine chemistry, a collection of synthetically useful dihydroacridines have been synthesized with high functional group compatibility under concise reaction conditions. Preliminary mechanistic studies unravel that α，β-unsaturated imine likely serves as a pivotal intermediate. Notably, handing products give rise to a series of structurally novel and fine-tuneable acridinium photocatalysts, which offers a heuristic paradigm for synthesizing these ones and is also highlighted by facilitating several encouraging dihydrogen coupling reactions efficiently.
Landslide Susceptibility Zonation along NH 1D from Sonamarg to Kargil, North Western Himalaya
Authors: Nanda Aadil M. , Ul Zahoor , Ahmed Pervez , Kanth Tasawoor A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

The National Highway 1D from Sonamarg to Kargil is known as one of the most landslide susceptible areas in Kashmir and Ladakh divisions. The aim of the present study is to delineate landslide susceptibility zones along National Highway 1D from Sonamarg to Kargil, north western (NH) Himalaya. Based on landslide influencing geo-environmental factors such as slope angle, landuse/landcover, distance to faults, precipitation, soil, slope aspect, lithology, altitude, distance to streams, and distance to road a detailed landslide susceptible map is prepared. A weighted pair wise comparison matrix is generated using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The geo-environmental factors and their derived weights through AHP were then overlaid using the index overlay module in ArcGIS 10.2 supplemented by MS Excel and MATLAB. The relationships between the conditional and trigger factors was carried out by analyzing landslide events. The results show that the area of 913.55 Km2 is covered by very high and high landslide susceptibility zones constituting 55% of the study area. These are the most tortuous and rugged zones with high occurrence and impact of landslides. The study also identified and mapped a total of 317 landslides along National Highway 1D through rigorous multiple field surveys and secondary sources. There is a frequent incidence of traffic disruptions along the road. Thus there is an urgent need to mitigate the landslide hazard particularly to avert the disruption from Sonamarg to Leh road, which causes huge inconvenience in terms of human and economic losses.
Consistency of Serial Ultrasonographic Joint Tissue Measurements by the Joint tissueActivity and Damage Exam (JADE) protocol in Relation to Hemophilic Joint Health Parameters
Authors: Barnes Richard F.W. , Aguero Peter , Hanacek Cris , Flores Andres , Steiner Bruno , Bailey Cindy , Quon Doris V. , Kruse-Jarres Rebecca , von Drygalski Annette 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objectives
The Joint tissueActivity and Damage Exam (JADE) is a point-of-care (POC) musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSKUS) protocol for non-radiologists to evaluate hemophilic arthopathy. Our aim was to determine the consistency of cross-sectional analyses of direct tissue measurements (JADE protocol) and clinical and functional joint assessments at three clinic visits.
Methods
We prospectively studied adults (n = 44) with hemophilia (A or B) of any severity and arthropathy at 3 North American sites. We assessed Hemophilia Joint Health Score (HJHS), total arc, and JADE parameters (bilateral elbows, ankles, and knees) at study entry, at ~ 12–18 months, and at ~ 24–36 months. JADE measurements included osteochondral alterations, cartilage thickness, and soft tissue expansion at sentinel positions. Associations between joint HJHS and total arc with each JADE variable were examined with random intercept models.
Results
At each visit increasing HJHS and decreasing total arc were associated in the expected direction with increasing length of OAs and soft tissue expansion in all joints, and decreasing cartilage thickness in the knee. However, HJHS associations with cartilage thickness were U-shaped for elbow and ankle (i.e. cartilage thinning and thickening). Associations between total arc and cartilage thickness followed a similar curve. (Near)normal levels of both joint parameters (HJHS and total arc) were associated with normal ranges of cartilage thickness.
Conclusions
POC MSKUS applying direct tissue measurements using the JADE protocol provided reproducible cross-sectional associations with joint health outcomes on three visits. These findings advance protocol validation and enable iterative adaptations resulting in JADE protocol version 2.
Assessment of Aerosol Persistence in ICUs via Low-cost Sensor Network and Zonal Models
Authors: Glenn K , He J , Rochlin R , Teng S , Hecker JG , Novosselov I 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic heightened public awareness about airborne particulate matter (PM) due to the spread of infectious diseases via aerosols. The persistence of potentially infectious aerosols in public spaces, particularly medical settings, deserves immediate investigation; however, a systematic approach to characterize the fate of aerosols in most clinical environments has not been reported. This paper presents a methodology for mapping aerosol propagation using a low-cost PM sensor network in ICU and adjacent environments and the subsequent development of the data-driven zonal model. Mimicking aerosol generation by a patient, we generated trace NaCl aerosols and monitored their propagation in the environment. In positive (closed door) and neutral-pressure (open door) ICUs, up to 6% or 19% respectively of all PM escaped through the door gaps, however, the outside sensors did not register an aerosol spike in negative-pressure ICUs. The K-means clustering analysis of temporospatial aerosol concentration data suggests that ICU can be represented by three distinct zones: (1) near the aerosol source, (2) room periphery, and (3) the outside region. These zones inform two-phase aerosol plume behavior: dispersion of the original aerosol spike throughout the room and an evacuation phase where "well-mixed" aerosol concentration in the ICU decayed uniformly. Decay rates were calculated in positive, neutral, and negative modes, with negative-pressure rooms clearing out nearly twice as fast. The aerosol concentration decay followed the trends in the air exchange rates. This research demonstrates the methodology for aerosol persistence monitoring in medical settings; however, it is limited by a relatively small data set and is specific to small-size ICU rooms. Future studies need to evaluate medical settings with high risks of infectious disease transmission and optimize hospital infrastructure.
A study on the relationship between perceived stress, self-efficacy and emotional intelligence of rehabilitation therapy students in China
Authors: Zheng Yan-xue , Tao Huan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
AimTo understand the overall levels of stress perception, self-efficacy, and emotional intelligence among Chinese rehabilitation therapy students and to explore the relationship between the three.
Methods From October to November 2022, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 145 cases of rehabilitation therapy students at a medical school in Gansu, China, using the Stress Perception Scale, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Emotional Intelligence Scale.
Results The total score of perceived stress was (44.33±7.05), the total score of emotional intelligence was (48.06±6.40), and the total score of general self-efficacy was (25.8±6.04), and there was a significant positive correlation between all three (r>0.490,P<0.01). Emotional intelligence had a significant mediating effect phenomenon between stress perception and general self-efficacy.
Conclusion Students in rehabilitation therapy had moderate levels of stress perception, emotional intelligence, and general self-efficacy, and emotional intelligence partially mediated the effect between general self-efficacy and stress perception. It is suggested that educators should actively assess the level of stress in rehabilitation therapy majors, pay more attention to students' emotional intelligence, improve self-efficacy, and prepare for the development of targeted intervention programs later.
Influence of rootstock on endogenous hormones and color change in Cabernet Sauvignon grapes
Authors: Liu Zhiyu , Zhu Chunmei , Sun Junli , Zhang Zhijun , Zhao Shucheng , Shi Wenchao , Wang Wei , Zhao Baolong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Different rootstocks for grapes can significantly affect fruit color and quality, possibly by affecting hormone contents, related genetic pathways, and fruit coloring mechanisms in peels. ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ were grafted to ‘5BB’, ‘SO4’, ‘140R’, ‘CS’, ‘3309M’ and ‘Vitis riparia’ rootstocks, with self-rooting seedlings as the control (CS/CS), and sampled from the early stage of color transformation to the ripening stage. The effects of rootstock on the contents of gibberellin (GA3), auxin (IAA), and abscisic acid (ABA) in grape peels were determined alongside the expression levels of eight anthocyanin synthesis related genes using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR methods. The rootstock cultivars exhibited accelerated fruit color change, and the CS/140R cultivar had much greater color change than the control group in the same period. With the development of fruit, the IAA and GA3 contents in the peels of different rootstock combinations showed trends of increasing initially, then decreasing, while the ABA content decreased initially and then increased. During the fruit color change period (28 July), the various ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ rootstock combinations exhibited varying degrees of increases in GA3, ABA, and IAA contents; correlation analysis showed that, at the start of veraison, the expression levels of the anthocyanin synthesis-related genes VvCHS, VvDFR, and VvUFGT had strong positive correlations with hormone contents, which indicated they are key genes involved in the endogenous hormone responsive anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway. The results of this study showed that rootstock grafting regulates the fruit coloring process by influencing the metabolism level of peel hormones in the ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ grape.
Institutions, Capital control Policy, and Liquidity Creation in Sub- Saharan Africa
Authors: Bawuah Isaac Bawuah 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The paper examines the role of institutional quality in the relationship between capital control policy and bank liquidity creation in Sub-Saharan Africa. The paper uses international dataset of 63 banks in twenty (20) Sub-Saharan Africa countries from 2007–2019. The paper adopts panel fixed effect regression model for the estimation. The results indicate that institutional quality and capital control policy have direct positive impact on banks liquidity creation. The results further indicate that institutional quality plays positive and significant role in the relationship between capital control policy and bank liquidity creation. Regulatory capital, bank capital and bank size increase banks liquidity creation. However, floating exchange rate regime, bank risk and inflation do not increase bank liquidity creation.
Caspase-8 promotes scramblase-mediated phosphatidylserine exposure and fusion of osteoclast precursors
Authors: Kronke Gerhard , Krishnacoumar Brenda , Stenzel Martin , Garibagaoglu Hilal , Omata Yasunori , Sworn Rachel , Ipseiz Natacha , Czubala Magdalena , Stoll Cornelia , Böhm Christina , Herrmann Martin , Uderhardt Stefan , Steffen Ulrike , Jenkins Robert , Taylor Philip , Zaiss Mario , Grüneboom Anika , Schett Georg , Scholtysek Carina 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Efficient cellular fusion of mononuclear precursors is the prerequisite for the generation of fully functional multinucleated bone-resorbing osteoclasts. However, the exact molecular factors and mechanisms controlling osteoclast fusion remain incompletely understood. Here we identify RANKL-mediated activation of caspase-8 as early key event during osteoclast fusion. Single cell RNA sequencing-based analyses suggested that activation of parts of the apoptotic machinery accompanied the differentiation of osteoclast precursors into mature multinucleated osteoclasts. A subsequent characterization of osteoclast precursors confirmed that RANKL-mediated activation of caspase-8 promoted the non-apoptotic cleavage and activation of downstream effector caspases that translocated to the plasma membrane where they triggered activation of the phospholipid scramblase Xkr8. Xkr8-mediated exposure of phosphatidylserine, in turn, aided cellular fusion of osteoclast precursors and thereby allowed generation of functional multinucleated osteoclast syncytia and initiation of bone resorption. Pharmacological blockage or genetic deletion of caspase-8 accordingly interfered with fusion of osteoclasts and bone resorption resulting in increased bone mass in mice carrying a conditional deletion of caspase-8 in mononuclear osteoclast precursors. These data identify a novel pathway controlling osteoclast biology and bone turnover with the potential to serve as target for therapeutic intervention during diseases characterized by pathologic osteoclast-mediated bone loss.
Intrinsic Mechanical Effects on the Activation of Carbon Catalysts
Authors: Wang Bin , Liu Bowen , Xu Shuaishuai , Luo Xinying , Xiong Junjie , Li Huihui , Yu Zhongliang , Gao Yang , Zhang Lipeng , Zhang Qinghua , Zhao Shenlong , Zhang Bin-Wei , Xia Zhenhai , Dai Liming 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The mechanical effects on carbon-based metal-free catalysts (C-MFCs) have rarely been explored although the C-MFCs have attracted worldwide interest as alternatives to the noble metal catalysts. Stress is everywhere, but a specialized study is strongly limited because the stress usually intermingles with other structural variables, including the dopants, defects, and interfaces in catalysis. Herein, we report a proof-of-concept study by establishing a platform to apply strain to a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) lamina continuously and collecting the electrochemical signals simultaneously. For the first time, the correlation between the surface strain of a graphitic carbon and its oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activation effect is established. Results show that the in-plane and edge carbon sites in HOPG could not be further activated by applying tensile strain, but when the in-plane defects were involved in the structure, a strong and repeatable dependence of the catalytic activity on the tensile strain was observed, wherein ~ 35.0% improvement in ORR current density was realized by applying ~ 0.6% tensile strain. The density function theory (DFT) simulation shows that appropriate strain on the specific defect can optimize the adsorption of reaction intermediates, and the Stone-Wales defect on graphene correlates with the mechanical effect. Moreover, the effect was further authenticated by preparing a powdered graphene-based catalyst with varied strain-involved, which showed an apparent improvement of the ORR activity with ~ 0.4% surface strain. This work clarifies some basic principles of strain effects on graphitic carbon’s catalytic activities towards ORR, and may lay the foundation for developing carbon-based mechanoelectrocatalysis.
TRNSYS optimization of control strategy and equipment parameters of a geothermal solar heating system
Authors: Sun Chang , Zhang Guangyu , Ju Xiaolei , Lu Yongfei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this research, a typical building and four heating strategies were simulated in the TRNSYS environment to choose the optimized control strategy and equipment parameters of the geothermal solar coupled system to recover soil temperature in one year. The final optimized strategy and the original strategy of the GSHP heating system were compared. Research results show that the optimized control strategy of coupled system is transforming solar hot water from the storage tank to heating terminals in heating seasons and transforming solar hot water to the ground heat exchanger in non-heating seasons. The optimized operation strategy of the solar heating soil cycle is that the cycle starts when tank temperature is higher than 40°C and stops when tank temperature is lower than 20°C. Furthermore, the best pump flow at the heat exchanger collector side of the tank is 6.6 m3/h. The optimum length of the water tank heat exchanger is 120 m. The optimum collector area, tank volume, and heat exchanger area are 86 m2, 3.9 m3 and 0.4 m2, respectively. This study provides a solution for solving soil temperature reduction in one year during GSHP applications.
Measurement of Static and Dynamic Pupillary Characteristics after Implantable Collamer Lens with a Central Hole (ICL V4c) by Sirius Anterior Segment Analysis System
Authors: Yang Jing , Zhang Xiaodi , Zhong Mei , Wang Weiqun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
To investigate the static and dynamic pupillometry characteristics before and after ICL V4c implantation under different light conditions.
Methods
This prospective study involved 210 consecutive high myopia patients undergoing implantation of a V4c ICL. Sirius anterior eye segment analysis system (CSO, Florence, Italy) was used for pupillometry preoperatively and 2 weeks, 1 month, and 3 months after surgery. Static pupillometry measurements (pupil diameter at 3 standardized illumination levels) and dynamic parameters (including initial pupil diameter, minimum pupil diameter after light stimulation, and velocity of dilation) were measured.
Results
Under the scotopic, mesopic and photopic conditions, PD decreased significantly after ICL implantation and restored to the preoperative level 1–3 months after surgery. Initial PD and minimum PD after light stimulation at all time points after surgery had no statistical differences, and the velocity of pupil dilation showed no significant changes at the observed time points. Under three light conditions, all pupil center coordinates shifted toward infra-temporal sites after surgery, and pupil center coordinates gradually approached cornea center after surgery. The scotopic and photopic vaults at the observed time points after ICL implantation were positively correlated with scotopic, mesopic, and photopic PD, while they were not correlated with initial pupil, minimum PD after light stimulation, the velocity of pupil dilation within 1 second, 2 seconds and 1–2 seconds after light stimulation.
Conclusions
ICL V4C implantation has an effect on pupil diameter in the early postoperative period, pupil diameter became smaller under the photopic, mesopic and scotopic conditions, but restored to the preoperative level about 1–3 months after surgery under the three conditions.
Trial registration:
The ethics committee of Zhengzhou University’s First Affiliated Hospital gave its approval to this study (2021-KY-0872-002).
Microstructural and functional plasticity following repeated brain stimulation during cognitive training in non-demented older adults
Authors: Antonenko Daria , Fromm Anna , Thams Friederike , Grittner Ulrike , Meinzer Marcus , Flöel Agnes 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe combination of repeated behavioral training with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) holds promise to exert benefial effects on brain function beyond the trained task. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms. This was adressed by multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before and after a three-week executive function training with prefrontal excitatory tDCS in 48 older adults. Results demonstrate that training combined with active tDCS enhanced prefrontal white matter microstructure which predicted individual performance gain. Training-plus-tDCS also resulted in microstructural grey matter reductions at the stimulation site, and increased prefrontal functional connectivity. We provide insight into the mechanisms underlying neuromodulatory interventions, suggesting tDCS-induced changes in fiber organization and myelin formation, glia-related and synaptic processes in the target region, and synchronization within targeted functional networks. These findings advance the mechanistic understanding of neural tDCS effects, thereby contributing to more targeted neural network modulation in future experimental and translation tDCS applications.