bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disturbance observer‐based robust motor control enhanced by adaptive neural network in the absence of velocity measurement
Authors: Piao Minnan , Tan Panlong , Wang Ying , Sun Mingwei , Lu Biao , Chen Zengqiang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHigh‐precision servo motor control has been a challenging problem due to the multiple disturbances such as the friction, the load variation and the wide/narrow‐band torque disturbances. Particularly, the discontinuous and fast time‐varying friction is very difficult to be compensated, which tends to trigger the undesirable limit cycle. In addition, the friction is a function of the angular velocity, which makes the online compensation extremely hard in the absence of velocity measurement. To make the matter worse, the nonvanishing narrow‐band torque disturbances in some applications often cause residual vibrations if they are not sufficiently rejected. To address these problems, a robust motor control method, which can effectively reject the multiple disturbances without velocity measurement, is proposed in this article. To be specific, an adaptive hybrid model, which includes an adaptive neural network and a sign function, is employed to compensate the discontinuous and fast time‐varying friction dynamics. Furthermore, by incorporating the internal models of the narrow‐band disturbances into the plant, a resonant extended state observer is designed to estimate the remaining lumped disturbance. To derive the high‐order derivatives of the angular position, a fixed‐time‐convergent differentiator is employed. Different from the previous studies, elaborately designed filters are introduced in the adaptive laws. In this way, the possible degradation of transient performance and stability robustness caused by the adaptive control can be effectively avoided. The closed‐loop stability can be rigorously proved by using the Lyapunov theory. Finally, extensive experiments are performed on a servo motor to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Mainstreaming remotely sensed ecosystem functioning in ecological niche models
Authors: Regos Adrián , Gonçalves João , Arenas‐Castro Salvador , Alcaraz‐Segura Domingo , Guisan Antoine , Honrado João P. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBiodiversity is declining globally at unprecedented rates. Ecological niche models (ENMs) are one of the most widely used toolsets to appraise global change impacts on biodiversity. Here, we identify a variety of advantages of incorporating remotely sensed ecosystem functioning attributes (EFAs) into ENMs. The development of ENMs that explicitly incorporate ecosystem functioning will allow a more holistic and integrative perspective of the habitat dynamics. The synergies between the increasingly available open‐access satellite images and cloud‐based platforms for planetary‐scale geospatial analysis offer an unprecedented opportunity to incorporate ecosystem processes and disturbances (such as fires, insect outbreaks or droughts) that have been so far largely neglected in ecological niche characterization and modelling. The most paradigmatic example of EFAs is the application of time series of spectral vegetation indices related to primary productivity and carbon cycle. EFAs related to surface energy balance and water cycles derived from remote sensing products such as land surface temperature or soil moisture enable a fine‐scale characterization of the species' niche—eventually improving the predictive performance of ENMs. All these advantages confirm that a new generation of ENMs based on such EFAs would offer great perspectives to increase our ability to monitor habitat suitability trends and population dynamics. However, despite the technical advances and increasing effort of remote sensing community to develop integrative EFAs, ENMs have yet to make full profit of the most recent developments by integrating them in ENMs. A coordinated agenda for remote sensing experts and ecological modellers will be essential over the coming years to bridge the gap between remote sensing and ecology disciplines and to take full (and timely) advantage of the fast‐growing body of Earth observation data and remote sensing technologies—with special emphasis on the development and testing of new variables related to key processes driving ecosystem functioning.
Fully Printed Stretchable and Multifunctional E‐Textiles for Aesthetic Wearable Electronic Systems
Authors: Tian Bin , Fang Yuhui , Liang Jing , Zheng Ke , Guo Panwang , Zhang Xinyu , Wu Youfusheng , Liu Qun , Huang Zhida , Cao Changyong , Wu Wei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractElectronic textiles (e‐textiles) that combine the wearing comfort of textiles and the functionality of soft electronics are highly demanded in wearable applications. However, fabricating robust high‐performance stretchable e‐textiles with good abrasion resistance and high‐resolution aesthetic patterns for high‐throughput manufacturing and practical applications remains challenging. Herein, the authors report a new multifunctional e‐textile fabricated via screen printing of the water‐based silver fractal dendrites conductive ink. The as‐fabricated e‐textiles spray‐coated with the invisible waterproofing agent exhibit superior flexibility, water resistance, wearing comfort, air permeability, and abrasion resistance, achieving a low sheet resistance of 0.088 Ω sq−1, high stretchability of up to 154%, and excellent dynamic stability for over 1000 cyclic testing (ε = 100%). The printed e‐textiles can be explored as strain sensors and ultralow voltage‐driven Joule heaters driven for personalized thermal management. They finally demonstrate an integrated aesthetic smart clothing made of their multifunctional e‐textiles for human motion detection and body‐temperature management. The printed e‐textiles provide new opportunities for developing novel wearable electronics and smart clothing for future commercial applications.
Fluctuations in the chemical constituents of Panax ginseng subterranean tissues with cultivation duration
Authors: Nishidono Yuto , Yahata Hina , Niwa Kotaro , Kitajima Aoi , Tezuka Yasuhiro , Watanabe Shiro , Tanaka Ken 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTAimThe subterranean tissues of Panax ginseng, especially the root, have long been used in traditional Asian medicine. In traditional medicine, various formulas contain ginseng to relieve fatigue, improve splenic function, and strengthen immunity, while recent studies have reported many additional benefits, including improvement of Alzheimer's dementia. Multiple ginsenosides, polyacetylenes, and polysaccharides in ginseng root and rhizome contribute to these therapeutic activities. Most ginseng used today is cultivated and takes a long time to mature, so changes in the bioactive constituent profile with age could alter the potential health benefits. However, most studies on such age‐dependent changes in chemical composition have focused on ginsenosides. To examine the full spectrum of age‐dependent changes, the current study analyzed the contents of multiple secondary metabolites and primary metabolites in samples cultivated from one to five years.MethodsThe contents of multiple secondary metabolites such as polyacetylenes and primary metabolites such as fatty acids, sugars, and phospholipids as well as ginsenosides were determined by liquid or gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (LC/MS or GC/MS).ResultsGinsenoside Ro and 1,2‐dilinoleoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine increased substantially and progressively with number of years of cultivation. Other ginsenosides and sugars also increased with age, but with greater variability. Conversely, concentrations of falcarinol, fatty acids, and phosphatidic acid decreased with cultivation time.ConclusionCultivation years may influence the specific medicinal properties and other health benefits of ginseng preparations.
Anomaly of the sixth cervical vertebra accompanied by atypical course of the vertebral artery in a dog
Authors: Korim Filip , Kuricová Mária , Lipták Tomáš , Vilhanová Zuzana , Eberlová Lada 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe vertebral arteries, as the first branches from the subclavian arteries, normally enter into the transverse foramen of the sixth cervical vertebra in dogs. This case report presents the non‐standard course of the left vertebral artery and unilateral asymmetry of the sixth cervical vertebra in a 14‐year‐old female mixed breed dog. The anomaly was an incidental finding during the preparation of a corrosion cast prepared for educational and scientific purposes. The left sixth cervical vertebra transverse foramen and the ventral lamina were not developed. The left vertebral artery originated normally from the left subclavian artery, but atypically entered into the transverse foramen of the fifth cervical vertebra. On the right side, the anatomical structures of the sixth cervical vertebra and the course of the right vertebral artery were normally developed. To our knowledge, this is the first case of such an anomaly described in a dog.
Humeral intracondylar fissure in a boxer breed dog
Authors: Almeida Mariana , Yeadon Russell 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA 6‐year‐old, male, boxer breed dog presented with a 1‐month history of severe, gradually progressive right thoracic limb lameness without history of trauma. Previous medication included oclacitinib for management of atopic skin disease. The dog was diagnosed with humeral intracondylar fissure (HIF) on computed tomography. Therefore, HIF should be considered as a differential diagnosis for thoracic limb lameness in this breed. Surgical stabilisation of HIF with a 4.5 mm titanium transcondylar screw placed from medial to lateral resulted in resolution of visible lameness.
Inside the Japanese Seed Industry: Its Characteristics and Implications for Agroecology
Authors: Kawai Ayako 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe nature of small-scale seed companies and their role in sustaining genetic diversity are understudied in developed countries—not least Japan, which has nearly 1000 of them. In this in-depth survey, Ayako Kawai analyses findings derived from interviews with the heads of, and breeders in, three such firms. Historically, she notes, Japanese seed companies operate within close-knit networks and follow customary practices, which has helped to foster cooperation: they function as “diverse economies”, collectively agreeing on seed prices and trading as equal partners. Many of them also contribute to agrobiodiversity by maintaining open pollinated varieties, and in some rare cases, by developing new non-hybrid ones. Inevitably, these practices can put them at odds with market constraints such as the demand for mainstream traits. Kawai concludes that if free-market principles were applied wholesale to Japan’s seed industry, its predominantly value-led approach would suffer, with negative impacts on national crop diversity.
Integration of Endogenous Development Theory into the Study of Seed Governance
Authors: Nishikawa Yoshiaki 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn the 1970s, the Japanese sociologist Kazuko Tsurumi developed endogenous development theory—the idea of ‘development from within’, which frames human wellbeing, ecological viability and community agency as central to sustainable modernisation. In this study of Tsurumi’s ideas vis-à-vis seed governance, Yoshiaki Nishikawa first traces the broader debate over seed systems, from polarised stances such as traditional vs modern to more nuanced mixed approaches. Nishikawa shows how Tsurumi’s thinking on values, communication, local autonomy and tradition can illuminate understanding of humanity’s relationship with seeds across cultures and regions. Many farmers, for instance, consider crop diversity and seed production as naturally integral to their stewardship of local ecologies, rather than politicised acts of sovereignty. Wise governance is based on an understanding of seeds as a biocultural legacy, and ensures that autonomy and respect are interwoven in the concept and practice of seed sovereignty.
Outer automorphism anomalies
Authors: Henning Brian , Lu Xiaochuan , Melia Tom , Murayama Hitoshi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We discuss anomalies associated with outer automorphisms in gauge theories based on classical groups, namely charge conjugations for SU(N ) and parities for SO(2r). We emphasize the inequivalence (yet related by a flavor transformation) between two versions of charge conjugation for SU(2k), SO(2r), and E6 symmetries. The subgroups that commute with the outer automorphisms are identified. Some charge conjugations can lead to a paradox, which is resolved by the observation that they are anomalous and hence not symmetries. We then discuss anomaly matching conditions that involve the charge conjugations or parities. Interesting examples are given where the charge conjugation is spontaneously broken.
No difference in patient-reported satisfaction after 12 months between customised individually made and off-the-shelf total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Wendelspiess Séverin , Kaelin Raphael , Vogel Nicole , Rychen Thomas , Arnold Markus P. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
A subset of patients is usually not satisfied after a total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Customised individually made (CIM) TKA are deemed to overcome drawbacks of classical off-the-shelf (OTS) TKA, but evidence is still sparse. The aim of this study was to compare satisfaction of patients with CIM and OTS TKA.

Methods
This prospective cohort study compared clinical and patient-reported outcome measures (PROM) between patients with CIM and OTS TKA. The primary outcome was patient satisfaction after 12 months. Secondary outcomes were the Knee Society Score (KSS), the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), the Forgotten Joint Score (FJS-12) and the EQ-5D-3L after 4 and 12 months.

Results
Data were analysed from 74 CIM TKA and 169 OTS TKA between January 2017 and September 2020. Patients with CIM TKA were slightly younger, more often male, had a lower body mass index, a lower KSS and partially higher preoperative PROMs.
Patient satisfaction after 12 months was high and comparable (CIM 87%, OTS 89%). All PROMs improved for both groups (p < 0.001) and did not differ after 12 months (p > 0.063). The majority of patients improved above the minimal important difference (range 65 to 89%) and reported a clear overall improvement (CIM 86%, OTS 87%). The postoperative KSS, notably regarding knee stability, was higher for CIM TKA (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
No difference was found in patient satisfaction between CIM and OTS TKA after 12 months. In both groups, patient satisfaction was high and PROMs improved considerably.

Level of evidence
II, prospective cohort study.
Efficient sequential screening with informational externalities
Authors: Zik Boaz 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA seller of an item faces a potential buyer whose valuation of the item depends on two private signals. It is well known that when there are informational externalities and the buyer’s private signals arrive all at once, it is impossible to implement an efficient sale. I show that if the buyer’s private signals arrive over time, then the seller can implement an efficient sale even in the presence of informational externalities. Specifically, I present a novel condition on the relationship between the buyer’s valuation and the social welfare that is necessary and sufficient for efficient sequential implementation.
Adverse drug reaction management in hospital settings: review on practice variations, quality indicators and education focus
Authors: Aung Ar Kar , Walker Steven , Khu Yin Li , Tang Mei Jie , Lee Jennifer I. , Graudins Linda Velta 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) contribute significantly to healthcare burden. However, they are largely preventable through appropriate management processes. This narrative review aims to identify the quality indicators that should be considered for routine monitoring of processes within hospital ADR management systems. It also examines the potential reasons behind variation in ADR management practices amongst HCPs, and explores possible solutions, focusing on targeted education programmes, to improve both the quality and quantity indicators of ADR management processes.

Methods
A comprehensive literature review was conducted to explore relevant themes and topics concerning ADR management, quality indicators and educational interventions.

Results
Substantial variability exists in ADR management amongst healthcare professionals (HCPs) with regard to reporting rates, characteristics of ADRs reported, quality of assessment, completeness of reports and, most importantly, risk communication practices. These variable practices not only threaten patient safety but also undermine pharmacovigilance processes. To date, quality indicators to monitor ADR management practices within hospital settings remain ill-defined. Furthermore, evidence behind effective interventions, especially in the form of targeted education strategies, to improve the quality of ADR management remains limited.

Conclusions
The focus of ADR management in hospitals should be to promote patient safety through comprehensive assessment, risk communication and safe prescribing. There is a need to develop a system to define, measure and monitor the quality of ADR management. Educational strategies may help improve the quality of ADR management processes.
Paleomagnetism and rock magnetism as tools for volcanology
Authors: Lerner Geoffrey A. , Piispa Elisa J. , Bowles Julie A. , Ort Michael H. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPaleomagnetic and rock magnetic methods for studying volcanoes and their products have been developed since the second half of the twentieth century. These methods have been used to find tephra in sediment cores, date volcanic eruptions and deposits, determine emplacement temperatures of volcanic deposits, and estimate flow directions of dikes, lava flows, and pyroclastic flow deposits. In the twenty-first century, these techniques have steadily improved and expanded, resulting in more probing and precise studies of volcanoes using paleomagnetism. We believe that continual improvement of existing techniques and the increased awareness and interest in paleomagnetic methods should allow more studies to enhance the understanding of volcanic processes.
How annulus defects can act as initiation sites for herniation
Authors: Wade K. , Berger-Roscher N. , Saggese T. , Rasche V. , Wilke H. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Both posture and loading rate are key factors in the herniation process and can determine the mechanism of disc failure. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that disruption visible with HR-MRI post-testing corresponds with microstructural features and further elucidate the mechanism by which this disruption weakens the disc. This will enable us to gain new insights into the herniation process.

Methods
Thirty ovine lumbar spinal segments were subjected to combinations of four loading conditions (0–12° flexion, 0–9° lateral bending, 0–4° axial rotation, 0–1500 N axial compression) for 1000 loading cycles at 2 Hz in a dynamic disc loading simulator. The discs were scanned in an ultra-high field MRI (11.7 T) then examined using brightfield microscopy to examine their microstructure.

Results
Four discs herniated and seven discs suffered nucleus displacement. These discs contained pre-existing defects in the central posterior annulus. Generally, following testing discs contained more posterior annulus disruption, Microstructural investigation revealed there was clear correspondence between HR-MRI and microstructural observations, and that the mid-outer annular-endplate junction had failed in all discs examined in this study.

Conclusions
While all discs suffered outer annulus damage, only the discs containing pre-existing defects herniated. These pre-existing defects weakened the inner and mid annulus, allowing herniation to occur once the mid and outer annular wall was compromised. We propose this can occur during the degenerative cascade.
The influence of maternal psychological distress on the mode of birth and duration of labor: findings from the FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study
Authors: Sanni Kuuri-Riutta , Eeva Ekholm , Noora Scheinin M. , Laura Korhonen S. , Linnea Karlsson , Hasse Karlsson 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAntepartum depression, general anxiety symptoms, and pregnancy-related anxiety have been recognized to affect pregnancy outcomes. Systematic reviews on these associations lack consistent findings, which is why further research is required. We examined the associations between psychological distress, mode of birth, epidural analgesia, and duration of labor. Data from 3619 women with singleton pregnancies, from the population-based FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study were analyzed. Maternal psychological distress was measured during pregnancy at 24 and 34 weeks, using the Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire-Revised 2 (PRAQ-R2) and its subscale “Fear of Giving Birth” (FOC), the anxiety subscale of the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Mode of birth, epidural analgesia, and labor duration were obtained from the Finnish Medical Birth Register. Maternal psychological distress, when captured with PRAQ-R2, FOC, and SCL-90, increased the likelihood of women having an elective cesarean section (OR: 1.04, 95%CI1.01–1.06,p = .003;OR: 1.13, 95%CI1.07–1.20,p < .001;OR: 1.06, 95%CI1.03–1.10,p = .001), but no association was detected for instrumental delivery or emergency cesarean section. A rise in both the PRAQ-R2, and FOC measurements increased the likelihood of an epidural analgesia (OR: 1.02, 95%CI1.01–1.03,p = .003;OR: 1.09, 95%CI1.05–1.12,p < .001) and predicted longer second stage of labor (OR: 1.01, 95%CI1.00–1.01,p = .023;OR: 1.03, 95%CI1.02–1.05,p < .001). EPDS did not predict any of the analyzed outcomes. The results indicate that maternal anxiety symptoms (measured using PRAQ-R2, FOC, and SCL-90) are associated with elective cesarean section. Psychological distress increases the use of epidural analgesia, but is not associated with complicated vaginal birth.
Effect of ruxolitinib on the oral mucosa of patients with steroid-refractory chronic Graft-versus-Host disease and oral involvement
Authors: Kaurinovic Martina , Delli Konstantina , Jonk Ana-Mae E. , Biswana Anouschka , Hazenberg Carin L. E. , Choi Goda , de Groot Marco R. , Morsink Linde M. , Vissink Arjan , Bellido Mar 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background
Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease (cGVHD) can impact quality of life, especially in patients with oral involvement. Half of the patients with cGVHD do not respond to first-line therapy with corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors. Ruxolitinib is effective in steroid-refractory (SR)-cGVHD cases, but the long-term effects of ruxolitinib on the oral mucosa are unknown.

Objective(s)
This study aims to assess the effect of ruxolitinib on the oral mucosa of SR-cGVHD patients with oral involvement.

Materials and methods
An observational longitudinal patient study was conducted in 53 patients with SR-cGVHD and oral involvement who were treated with ruxolitinib. The baseline condition of the oral mucosa was compared to its condition at 4 and 12 weeks after starting ruxolitinib.

Results
The overall response was 81% (43/53), with a complete response in 53% (28/53) and partial response in 28% (15/53) after 12 weeks (p < 0.001). Men and patients concurrently using immunosuppressive therapy responded better than women (p = 0.005) and patients with ruxolitinib monotherapy (p = 0.02), respectively. At a longer follow-up (median 20 months), oral symptoms were comparable to the 12-week symptoms (p = 0.78), regardless of ruxolitinib use (p = 0.83).

Conclusion
Ruxolitinib treatment of SR-cGVHD patients with oral involvement was associated with a significant response of the oral manifestations at 12 weeks.

Clinical relevance
The oral mucosa of SR-cGVHD patients is likely to improve after 4 and 12 weeks of ruxolitinib treatment. Symptom severity at baseline does not affect the response of the oral mucosa.