bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Permafrost Degradation on Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Cycling in Permafrost Wetlands
Authors: Wang Di , Zang Shuying , Wang Lingyan , Ma Dalong , Li Miao 
Published: June 2022

Climate change is one of the greatest threats to high-latitude permafrost and leads to serious permafrost degradation. However, few attention has been paid to whether peat soil carbon or nitrogen is sensitive to permafrost degradation. This study has selected three typical sample areas (MoHe-continuous permafrost, TaHe-Island-shaped melting permafrost, Jagdaqi-Island-shaped melting permafrost) as research object to compare the response rate and degree of peat soil carbon and nitrogen under permafrost degradation. The results show that soil organic carbon and nitrogen contents are the highest in 0–10 cm soil and permafrost regions show obvious surface aggregation. The carbon content of different types of frozen soil decreases with the depth of soil layer, and the differences are significant (p &lt; 0.01). The distribution pattern of total nitrogen content in each soil layer among different permafrost types is Mohe &lt; Tahe &lt; Jagedaqi. And when it is getting vertically deeper than the surface layer, there is no significant difference between the soil layers in soil profile. The study also focuses on the variations of carbon and nitrogen content in different soil layers of peatland in typical permafrost regions. The results show that soil carbon responds faster to the degradation of frozen soil than soil nitrogen. Moreover, the accumulation degree of soil carbon is also significantly higher than soil nitrogen. Under climate change and for better permafrost conservation, it is necessary to study how the peatland’s soil carbon and the nitrogen are influenced by the permafrost degradation in high latitude.
Multi-Phases Fluid Activity Characteristics of Longmaxi Formation and Its Impact on Resistivity in the Changning Area, Southern Sichuan Basin, Southwest China
Authors: Cui Yue , Li Xizhe , Han Lingling , Feng Yong , Guo Wei , Lin Wei , Qian Chao , Feng Tao 
Published: June 2022

Wells with low gas content and low resistivity in the Changning area, southern Sichuan Basin were selected for this study. The burial-thermal history was reconstructed and the characteristics of multi-phase fluid activity were clarified using microscopic observation and testing of fluid inclusions in the Longmaxi shale fracture veins. Compared with wells with a high gas content and high resistivity, the influence of fluid activity on resistivity was analyzed. The results showed that the thermal evolution of the bituminous inclusions trapped in the veins has reached the stage of carbonaceous-metamorphic bitumen, and the organic matter is fully cracked for gas generation, with some organic matter exhibiting the phenomenon of “graphitization.” The synchronous fluid with bitumen was existed due to shallow burial with a middle-low maturity stage of about 280 and 292 Ma. Two phases of fluids existed in the deep burial stage, thus maturing for about 103 Ma, and the uplift stage at about 28 and 32 Ma, with high homogenization temperatures (Th) (varying from 185 to 195°C and 165–180°C). The corresponding pressure coefficients varied between 1.67 and 2.09, 1.56 and 1.92 in a moderate-strong high-pressure state. The last two phases of fluid formation in the late uplift stage for about 4 to 19 Ma and 6 to 10 Ma were characterized by low salinity at medium-low Th (varied from 140 to 155°C and 120–135°C), with pressures of 57.47–74.50 MPa and 51.44–59.41 MPa (pressure coefficients of 1.09–1.41 and 1.18–1.37), in an atmospheric-weak overpressure state. In the initial uplift stage after deep burial, the fluid closure in the Changning area was good. In contrast, the wells are filled with low gas content because of the strong tectonic forces causing the shale gas to be released and the multi-phase fluid activity that happens during the late uplift stage. New evidence indicates that the emergence of low resistance in the localized Changning area is not only related to the high degree of evolution of organic matter but is also affected by the multi-phase fluid modification in the late uplift stage.
Dyslipidemia Risk in Thyroid Cancer Patients: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Song Youhyun , Lee Hye Sun , Park Goeun , Kang Sang-Wook , Lee Ji Won 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveThyroid cancer (TC) prevalence has been rapidly increasing. While the relationship between thyroid hormones and lipids has been widely investigated, studies regarding dyslipidemia in patients with TC have been scarce and controversial. We aimed to investigate dyslipidemia risk after TC diagnosis compared to the general population without TC.MethodA population-based prospective study was conducted using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort Database 2.0 (NHIS-NSC DB 2.0), with health insurance claim data of 1,108,369 subjects between 2002 and 2015. The final study sample comprised 466,735 adult subjects without TC or dyslipidemia diagnoses before the index year, 2009. Bidirectional analyses were performed using prospective and retrospective concepts. In the prospective analysis, Kaplan-Meier estimates were calculated and log-rank tests and univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses were performed to determine the relationship between TC and dyslipidemia. The retrospective analysis involved 1:5 nested case-control matching based on dyslipidemia status and conditional logistic regression analysis.ResultsNo significant difference in dyslipidemia incidence was observed between TC patients and the control group, in either the prospective matched (log-rank P = 0.483) or non-matched (log-rank P = 0.424) analyses, or the retrospective analysis (P = 0.3724). In the prospective analysis, 193 patients after TC diagnosis showed similar risk of developing dyslipidemia with the 466,542 controls during the median 7 years of follow-up (unadjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.102; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.878-1.383; adjusted HR, 0.932; 95% CI, 0.707-1.230). Multiple propensity score-adjusted models showed similar results, and 114 patients and 570 matched controls showed an HR of 0.818 (95% CI, 0.598-1.120). In the retrospective comparison of dyslipidemia risk in 170 patients and 277,864 controls, the odds ratio was 0.822 (95% CI, 0.534-1.266).ConclusionsDyslipidemia risk was not significantly different between patients with TC and the general population, in both prospective and retrospective analyses.
Ultrasonography-Guided Thermal Ablation for Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis of Recurrent Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Is it Superior to Surgical Resection?
Authors: Zhang Xu , Ni Tu , Zhang Wenzhi 
Published: June 2022

AimThe study aimed to systematically evaluate the safety and efficacy of ultrasonography-guided percutaneous thermal ablation in the treatment of cervical lymph node metastasis (LNM) of recurrent papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).MethodsPubMed, PubMed Central (PMC), Embase, and Cochrane were examined. The inclusion and exclusion criteria were determined and the relevant data were extracted from the library and other databases for LNM thermal ablation of recurrent PTC. The data were analyzed using Stata15.1, Revman5.3 software, and the standard errors of 95% confidence intervals were estimated using fixed or random effects models. Volume reduction rate (VRR), Serum thyroglobulin (Tg) level before and after thermal ablation, the total complications and major complications incidence were analyzed.ResultsA total of 18 literature articles were included, namely, 10 radiofrequency ablation (RFA), 4 laser ablation (LA), and 4 microwave ablation (MWA). A total of 321 patients had 498 LNM. LNM volume changes before and at the last follow-up of thermal ablation (SMD = 1.04, I2 = 8%, 95% CI 0.86–1.21, P &lt;0.0001). The postoperative lymph node VRR was 88.4% (95% CI 77.8–97.3%, I2 = 34%, P = 0.14). Tg measurements before and after thermal ablation (SMD = 1.15, 95% CI 0.69–1.60, I2 = 84%, P &lt;0.0001). The incidence of total complications was 5.0% (95% CI 3.0–7.0%, I2 = 0.0%, P = 0.915), and the incidence of major complications was 4.0% (95% CI 2.0–6.0%, I2 = 0.0%, P = 0.888). A total of 131 LNM were located in the central region, and the major complication rate was 12.0% (95% CI 6.0–18.0%, I2 = 0.0%, P = 0.653).ConclusionUltrasonography-guided thermal ablation is safe and effective in the treatment of LNM of recurrent PTC. The ablation strategy of central LNM needs to be further explored and improved. It can be used as an alternative to surgery for patients with high surgical risk or who refuse resurgery.Systematic Review Registration10.37766/inplasy2022.6.0004, identifier INPLASY202260004.
Baseline Severity of Sacroiliitis and Extensive Fat Metaplasia Predicts the Progression of Backfill at the Sacroiliac Joint in Patients With Axial Spondyloarthritis
Authors: Zhang Yimeng , Guo Zikang , Wang Lisong , Zhan Ying , Qu Jin , Lei Xinwei 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesFat metaplasia in an erosion cavity, also known as backfill, is an essential intermediary in new bone formation in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) patients; however, the predictors of backfill progression are unknown. This longitudinal study aimed to assess the predictors of backfill progression in axSpA patients on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).MethodsClinical and MRI data were collected at baseline and follow-up in 52 axSpA patients. Backfill progression was defined as the new or increased T1 hyperintensity within the SI joint space. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the predictors of the backfill progression.ResultsA total of 19 patients had “backfill” at baseline and 30 patients exhibited the backfill progression after follow-up. The mean disease duration and SPARCC scores at baseline were significantly different between patients with and without backfill progression (P&lt;0.001, P=0.003, respectively). Patients with backfill progression had a higher frequency of backfill at baseline, a higher SSS score of fat metaplasia, and a higher SSS score of backfill than those without (P=0.001, P&lt;0.001, and P=0.002, respectively). A higher fat fraction value in the fat metaplasia area at the baseline was more frequent in patients with, than without, backfill progression (P=0.019). In the univariate logistic regression analyses, a higher SPARCC score for inflammation and a higher SSS score for fat metaplasia at baseline were associated with backfill progression.ConclusionsSeverity of sacroiliitis and extensive fat metaplasia at baseline are predictors of the backfill progression in axSpA patients.
High-Dimensional Immune Profiling by Mass Cytometry Revealed the Circulating Immune Cell Landscape in Patients With Intracranial Aneurysm
Authors: Ge Peicong , Liu Chenglong , Chan Liujia , Pang Yuheng , Li Hao , Zhang Qian , Ye Xun , Wang Jia , Wang Rong , Zhang Yan , Wang Wenjing , Zhang Dong , Zhao Jizong 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundIncreasing evidence supports a critical role of chronic inflammation in intracranial aneurysm (IA). Understanding how the immunological alterations in IA provides opportunities for targeted treatment. However, there is a lack of comprehensive and detailed characterization of the changes in circulating immune cells in IA.ObjectiveTo perform a comprehensive and detailed characterization of the changes in circulating immune cells in patients with IA.MethodsPeripheral blood mononuclear cell samples from IA patients (n = 26) and age-and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs, n = 20) were analyzed using high dimensional mass cytometry, and the frequency and phenotype of immune cell subtypes were assessed.ResultsWe identified 28 cell clusters and found that the immune signature of IA consists of cluster changes. IA patients exhibited dysfunction of immunity, with dysregulation of CD4+ T-cell clusters, increased B cells and monocytes, and decreased CD8+ T cells, DNT cells, and DPT cells. Moreover, compared with findings in HC, IA was associated with enhanced lymphocyte and monocyte immune activation, with a higher expression of HLA-DR, CXCR3, and CX3CR1. In addition, the expression of TLR4, p-STAT3, and the exhaustion marker PD1 was increased in T cells, B cells, and NK cells in IA patients.ConclusionsOur data provide an overview of the circulating immune cell landscape of IA patients, and reveal that the dysfunction of circulating immunity may play a potential role in the development of IA.
Global Research Trends in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Bibliometric and Visualized Study
Authors: Zhang Tai , Ma Xiangxue , Tian Wende , Zhang Jiaqi , Wei Yuchen , Zhang Beihua , Wang Fengyun , Tang Xudong 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundThere are about 10–23% of adults worldwide suffering from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Over the past few decades, there are many aspects of uncertainty regarding IBS leading to an ongoing interest in the topic as reflected by a vast number of publications, whose heterogeneity and variable quality may challenge researchers to measure their scientific impact, to identify collaborative networks, and to grasp actively researched themes. Accordingly, with help from bibliometric approaches, our goal is to assess the structure, evolution, and trends of IBS research between 2007 and 2022.MethodsThe documents exclusively focusing on IBS from 2007 to 2022 were retrieved from the Science Citation Index Expanded of the Web of Science Core Collection. The annual productivity of IBS research, and the most prolific countries or regions, authors, journals and resource-, intellectual- and knowledge-sharing in IBS research, as well as co-citation analysis of references and keywords were analyzed through Microsoft Office Excel 2019, CiteSpace, and VOSviewer.ResultsIn total, 4,092 publications were reviewed. The USA led the list of countries with the most publications (1,226, 29.96%). Mayo Clinic contributed more publications than any other institution (193, 4.71%). MAGNUS SIMREN stood out as the most active and impactful scholar with the highest number of publications and the greatest betweenness centrality value. The most high-yield journal in this field was Neurogastroenterology and motility: the official journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society (275, 6.72%). Gastroenterology had the most co-citations (3,721, 3.60%). Keywords with the ongoing strong citation bursts were chromogranin A, rat model, peptide YY, gut microbiota, and low-FODMAP diet, etc.ConclusionThrough bibliometric analysis, we gleaned deep insight into the current status of literature investigating IBS for the first time. These findings will be useful to scholars interested in understanding the key information in the field, as well as identifying possible research frontiers.
Parkinsonian Syndromes in Motor Neuron Disease: A Clinical Study
Authors: Pasquini Jacopo , Trogu Francesca , Morelli Claudia , Poletti Barbara , Girotti Floriano , Peverelli Silvia , Brusati Alberto , Ratti Antonia , Ciammola Andrea , Silani Vincenzo , Ticozzi Nicola 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundParkinsonian syndromes may rarely occur in motor neuron disease (MND). However, previous studies are heterogeneous and mostly case reports or small case series. Therefore, we aimed to identify and characterize patients with concurrent parkinsonian syndromes extracted from a cohort of 1,042 consecutive cases diagnosed with MND at a tertiary Italian Center.MethodsDiagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and corticobasal syndrome (CBS) was made according to current criteria. Clinical characterization included: upper and lower motor neuron disease features, typical and atypical parkinsonian features, oculomotor disorders, cognitive testing, MRI features, and, when available molecular neuroimaging. Genetic testing was carried out for major MND and PD-associated genes.ResultsParkinsonian syndromes were diagnosed in 18/1042 (1.7%) of MND patients (7 PD, 6 PSP, 3 CBS, 2 other parkinsonisms). Based on phenotype, patients could be categorized into amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)-parkinsonism and primary lateral sclerosis (PLS)-parkinsonism clusters. Across the whole database, parkinsonism was significantly more common in PLS than in other MND phenotypes (12.1 vs. 1.1%, p = 5.0 × 10−10). MND patients with parkinsonian features had older age of onset, higher frequency of oculomotor disorders, cognitive impairment, and family history of parkinsonism or dementia. Two patients showed pathogenic mutations in TARDBP and C9orf72 genes.ConclusionSpecific patterns in MND-parkinsonism were observed, with PLS patients often showing atypical parkinsonian syndromes and ALS patients more frequently showing typical PD. Systematic clinical, genetic, and neuropathologic characterization may provide a better understanding of these phenotypes.
Visually Perceived Negative Emotion Enhances Mismatch Negativity but Fails to Compensate for Age-Related Impairments
Authors: Chen Jiali , Huang Xiaomin , Wang Xianglong , Zhang Xuefei , Liu Sishi , Ma Junqin , Huang Yuanqiu , Tang Anli , Wu Wen 
Published: June 2022

Objective: Automatic detection of auditory stimuli, represented by the mismatch negativity (MMN), facilitates rapid processing of salient stimuli in the environment. The amplitude of MMN declines with ageing. However, whether automatic detection of auditory stimuli is affected by visually perceived negative emotions with normal ageing remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate how fearful facial expressions affect the MMN amplitude under ageing.Methods: We used a modified oddball paradigm to analyze the amplitude of N100 (N1) and MMN in 22 young adults and 21 middle-aged adults.Results: We found that the amplitude of N1 elicited by standard tones was smaller under fearful facial expressions than neutral facial expressions and was more negative for young adults than middle-aged adults. The MMN amplitude under fearful facial expressions was greater than neutral facial expressions, but the amplitude in middle-aged adults was smaller than in young adults.Conclusion: Visually perceived negative emotion promotes the extraction of auditory features. Additionally, it enhances the effect of auditory change detection in middle-aged adults but fails to compensate for this decline with normal ageing.Significance: The study may help to understand how visually perceived emotion affects the early stage of auditory information processing from an event process perspective.
Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and Risk of Renal Cell Cancer: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Du Wurong , Guo Kaibo , Jin Huimin , Sun Leitao , Ruan Shanming , Song Qiaoling 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) has been related to increased risks of a variety of cancers. However, the association between MetS and the risk of renal cell cancer (RCC) remains not fully determined. This meta-analysis was conducted to investigate whether MetS is independently associated with the risk of RCC in adults.MethodsRelevant observational studies were obtained by searching PubMed, Embase, Cochrane’s Library, and Web of Science databases. Study characteristics and outcome data were extracted independently by two authors. The random-effect model was used for meta-analysis considering the possible influence of between-study heterogeneity. Predefined subgroup analyses were used to evaluate the possible influences of study characteristics on the outcome.ResultsEight studies involving 10,601,006 participants contributed to the meta-analysis. Results showed that MetS was independently associated with a higher risk of RCC in adult population (risk ratio [RR]: 1.62, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.41 to 1.87, p&lt;0.001; I2 = 85%). Subgroup analyses showed consistent association in men (RR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.23 to 1.89, p&lt;0.001) and in women (RR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.28 to 2.27, p&lt;0.001), in Asians (RR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.25 to 1.83, p&lt;0.001) and in Caucasians (RR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.46 to 2.12, p&lt;0.001), and in community derived (RR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.34 to 1.82, p&lt;0.001) and non-community derived population (RR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.71 to 2.04, p&lt;0.001). Differences in study design or quality score also did not significantly affect the association (p for subgroup difference both &gt;0.05).ConclusionsMetS may be independently associated with RCC in adult population.
Lesson Learned From Hospital Palliative Care Service in a Cancer Research Center in Italy: Results of 5 Years of Experience
Authors: Alquati Sara , Peruselli Carlo , Turrà Caterina , Tanzi Silvia 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundInternational studies have documented that over a third of all hospital beds are occupied by patients with palliative care needs in their last year of life. Experiences of Palliative Care Services that take place prevalently or exclusively in hospital settings are very few in Italy.ObjectiveDescribe clinical, educational and research activities performed by a hospital PCS and discussing opportunities and critical issues encountered in an Italian Cancer Center.MethodRetrospective data regarding adults with advanced stage diseases referred from January 2015 to December 2019.ResultsClinical activity - The PCS performed 2422 initial consultations with an average of 484 initial consultations per year. A majority of patients had advanced cancer, from 85% to 72%, with an average of 2583 total consultations per year and an average of 4.63 consultations per patient. The penetrance has increased over time from 6.3% to 15.75%. Educational and research activity - Since 2015, PCS has provided training to health professionals (HPs) of different departments of our hospital. Most of the educational projects for HPs were part of research projects, for example the communication training program, management of pain and end-of-life symptoms and the training program for PC-based skills.ConclusionOur data suggests that a PCS able to provide palliative care to inpatients and outpatient and continuous training support to other hospital specialists can relatively quickly improve the level of its penetrance in hospital activities.
Dexmedetomidine in Children on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Pharmacokinetic Data Exploration Using Previously Published Models
Authors: Thibault Céline , Zuppa Athena F. 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundDexmedetomidine is a sedative and analgesic increasingly used in children supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). No data is available to describe the pharmacokinetics (PK) of dexmedetomidine in this population.MethodsWe performed a single-center prospective PK study. Children &lt;18 years old, supported with ECMO, and on a dexmedetomidine infusion as part of their management were prospectively included. PK samples were collected. Dexmedetomidine dosing remained at the discretion of the clinical team. Six population PK models built in pediatrics were selected. Observed concentrations were compared with population predicted concentrations using the PK models.ResultsEight children contributed 30 PK samples. None of the PK models evaluated predicted the concentrations with acceptable precision and bias. Four of the six evaluated models overpredicted the concentrations. The addition of a correction factor on clearance improved models' fit. Two of the evaluated models were not applicable to our whole population age range because of their structure.ConclusionMost of the evaluated PK models overpredicted the concentrations, potentially indicating increased clearance on ECMO. Population PK models applicable to a broad spectrum of ages and pathologies are more practical in pediatric critical care settings but challenging to develop.