bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immersive Tuning the Guided Waves for Multifunctional On‐Chip Metaoptics
Authors: Yang Rui , Wan Shuai , Shi Yangyang , Wang Zejing , Tang Jiao , Li Zhongyang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWith the great promise to reshape the landscape of photonic integrated circuits (PIC), the introduction of metasurface onto optical waveguide integration gives rise to tremendous potential functionalities via converting the guided waves to free‐space, including directional beam‐steering, mode‐conversion, optical on‐chip router, etc. Despite these endeavors, on‐chip metaoptics still faces critical challenges to achieve multifunctionalities with dynamic switchable ability between arbitrary‐encoding channels. Here, a series of novel on‐chip metaoptics functionalities are originally proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Through utilizing a serial optimization algorithm of computer‐generated hologram (CGH), a 3D hologram with multiple sliced information channels is successfully enabled to project above the on‐chip space. Moreover, by strategically exploring water immersive tuning scheme, on‐chip dynamic tuning in real‐time is realized for dual‐channel arbitrary‐encoded hologram, practically verified as a large‐scale easy‐accessible switch method. Eventually, the encoding freedom is further expanded by breaking the degeneracy of forward/backward guided propagations, beyond the state‐of‐art of multiplexing and information storage capacity. This study can easily find paths to numerous practical applications in the next generation of AR display, 3D vision, optical storage, and photonics integrated devices.
Fully Printed Flexible Piezoelectric Nanogenerators with Triethoxyvinylsilane (TEVS) Coated Barium Titanate (BTO) Nanoparticles for Energy Harvesting and Self‐Powered Sensing
Authors: Li Hai , Song Young‐Seok , Kim Tae‐Wook , Lee Myong‐Hoon , Lim Sooman 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe improvement of wearable electronics is making energy harvesters appealing, as they lessen the requirement for regular recharge of wearable gadgets. In this work, fully printed, flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) with excellent performance are created using a 3D printing technology. This fully‐printing method is based on triethoxyvinylsilane (TEVS) coated barium titanate (BTO) nanoparticles, polyvinylidene fluoride‐co‐trifluoroethylene (PVDF–TrFE), and silver electrode for additive manufacturing. The organic vinyl silane (VS) functional groups, which form a strong bond between inorganic nanoparticles and polymer, contribute to the homogeneous dispersion of BTO nanoparticles in the matrix. Consquently, these fully printed VS–BTO/PVDF–TrFE PENGs outperform their untreated counterpart in terms of output voltage and power density, with a higher output voltage of 54 V even after 13 500 cycles and a higher power density of 28.5 µW cm−2. In practice, as‐printed devices may actively adapt to human movement and detect the pulse from multipoint mechanical activity identification. The fully printed PENGs developed in this work show excellent potential to be used in wearable electronics for a new generation of sensing applications.
The role of social projection in consumers' commonness fallacy
Authors: Basu Shankha , Zhu Jingyu , Savani Krishna 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRecent research suggests that consumers often exhibit the “commonness fallacy” by overestimating the likelihood of others choosing a frequently consumed item (e.g., vanilla ice cream) rather than a less frequently consumed item (e.g., tiramisu). This research tests whether the extent to which consumers perceive their choices as similar to others—their social projection tendency—explains the commonness fallacy. Two preregistered studies (N = 605) found that consumers with a higher social projection tendency overestimated the extent to which others would choose commonly consumed options if they themselves chose such options over less commonly consumed options. However, social projection cannot fully explain the commonness fallacy as participants with lower social projection tendencies also displayed the commonness fallacy in both studies. The findings delineate the commonness fallacy from consumers' well‐documented tendency to view others' choices as similar to their own.
New xylose transporters support the simultaneous consumption of glucose and xylose in Escherichia coli
Authors: Zhu Xinna , Fan Feiyu , Qiu Huanna , Shao Mengyao , Li Di , Yu Yong , Bi Changhao , Zhang Xueli 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGlucose and xylose are two major components of lignocellulose. Simultaneous consumption of glucose and xylose is critical for engineered microorganisms to produce fuels and chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass. Although many production limitations have been resolved, glucose‐induced inhibition of xylose transport remains a challenge. In this study, a cell growth‐based screening strategy was designed to identify xylose transporters uninhibited by glucose. The glucose pathway was genetically blocked in Escherichia coli so that glucose functions only as an inhibitor and cells need xylose as the carbon source for survival. Through adaptive evolution, omics analysis and reverse metabolic engineering, a new phosphoenolpyruvate: carbohydrate phosphotransferase system (PTS) galactitol transporter (GalABC, encoded by EcolC_1640, EcolC_1641, and EcolC_1642 genes) that is not inhibited by glucose was identified. Inactivation of adenylate cyclase led to increased expression of the EcolC_1642 gene, and a point mutation in gene EcolC_1642 (N13S) further enhanced xylose transport. During the second round of gene mining, AraE and a new ABC transporter (AraFGH) of xylose were identified. A point mutation in the transcription regulator araC (L156I) caused increased expression of araE and araFGH genes without arabinose induction, and a point mutation in araE (D223Y) further enhanced xylose transport. These newly identified xylose transporters can support the simultaneous consumption of glucose and xylose and have potential use in producing chemicals from lignocellulose.
Accelerated 3D myelin water imaging using joint spatio‐temporal reconstruction
Authors: Lee Jae‐Hun , Yi Jaeuk , Kim Jun‐Hyeong , Ryu Kanghyun , Han Dongyeob , Kim Sewook , Lee Seul , Kim Deog Young , Kim Dong‐Hyun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPurposeTo enable acceleration in 3D multi‐echo gradient echo (mGRE) acquisition for myelin water imaging (MWI) by combining joint parallel imaging (JPI) and joint deep learning (JDL).MethodsWe implemented a multistep reconstruction process using both advanced parallel imaging and deep learning network which can utilize joint spatiotemporal components between the multi‐echo images to further accelerate 3D mGRE acquisition for MWI. In the first step, JPI was performed to estimate missing k‐space lines. Next, JDL was implemented to reduce residual artifacts and produce high‐fidelity reconstruction by using variable splitting optimization consisting of spatiotemporal denoiser block, data consistency block, and weighted average block. The proposed method was evaluated for MWI with 2D Cartesian uniform under‐sampling for each echo, enabling scan times of up to approximately 2 min for 3D coverage.ResultsThe proposed method showed acceptable MWI quality with improved quantitative values compared to both JPI and JDL methods individually. The improved performance of the proposed method was demonstrated by the low normalized mean‐square error and high‐frequency error norm values of the reconstruction with high similarity to the fully sampled MWI.ConclusionJoint spatiotemporal reconstruction approach by combining JPI and JDL can achieve high acceleration factors for 3D mGRE‐based MWI.
Modeling the Effect of Hyperoxia on the Spin–Lattice Relaxation Rate R1 of Tissues
Authors: Bluemke Emma , Stride Eleanor , Bulte Daniel Peter 
Published: June 2022

PurposeInducing hyperoxia in tissues is common practice in several areas of research, including oxygen‐enhanced MRI (OE‐MRI), which attempts to use the resulting signal changes to detect regions of tumor hypoxia or pulmonary disease. The linear relationship between PO2 and R1 has been reproduced in phantom solutions and body fluids such as vitreous fluid; however, in tissue and blood experiments, factors such as changes in deoxyhemoglobin levels can also affect the ΔR1.Theory and MethodsThis manuscript proposes a three‐compartment model for estimating the hyperoxia‐induced changes in R1 of tissues depending on B0, SO2, blood volume, hematocrit, oxygen extraction fraction, and changes in blood and tissue PO2. The model contains two blood compartments (arterial and venous) and a tissue compartment. This model has been designed to be easy for researchers to tailor to their tissue of interest by substituting their preferred model for tissue oxygen diffusion and consumption. A specific application of the model is demonstrated by calculating the resulting ΔR1 expected in healthy, hypoxic and necrotic tumor tissues. In addition, the effect of sex‐based hematocrit differences on ΔR1 is assessed.ResultsThe ΔR1 values predicted by the model are consistent with reported literature OE‐MRI results: with larger positive changes in the vascular periphery than hypoxic and necrotic regions. The observed sex‐based differences in ΔR1 agree with findings by Kindvall et al. suggesting that differences in hematocrit levels may sometimes be a confounding factor in ΔR1.ConclusionThis model can be used to estimate the expected tissue ΔR1 in oxygen‐enhanced MRI experiments.
Incidence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in older adults
Authors: Camacho‐Soto Alejandra , Searles Nielsen Susan , Faust Irene M. , Bucelli Robert C. , Miller Timothy M. , Racette Brad A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroduction/AimsWe investigated the age‐ and sex‐specific incidence and survival of Medicare beneficiaries with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in patients 66 to 90 years of age.MethodsWe identified all incident ALS cases within a population‐based sample of Medicare beneficiaries in 2009 (total: 22 000 177 person‐years at risk for ALS). We calculated age‐ and sex‐specific incidence in 2009 according to multiple, progressively more stringent case definitions. Our most inclusive definition required one ALS code, whereas the most restrictive definition required at least one additional ALS code more than 6 months after the first code, including one from a neurologist. We identified associated imaging studies and electrodiagnostic testing and followed all cases through the end of 2014 to determine survival.ResultsThe overall incidence for our most inclusive definition was 22.84 per 100 000 person‐years for men and 16.05 per 100 000 person‐years for women. The overall incidence was 5.72 per 100 000 person‐years for men and 3.99 per 100 000 person‐years for women for our most restrictive definition. For our most inclusive definition, fewer than 39.7% of cases ever had an ALS diagnosis from a neurologist, more than 50% had an electrodiagnostic test or imaging study, and 40.1% survived less than 1 year after diagnosis, with 25.5% of these cases surviving no more than 6 months. Cases not meeting the most restrictive definition were more likely than those who did meet the restrictive definition to be older, black, or Asian.DiscussionThe oldest and marginalized Medicare beneficiaries diagnosed with ALS are less likely to be included in epidemiological studies with restrictive definitions, but future studies will need to assess the accuracy of diagnosis.
Nursing students' attitudes and associated factors towards older people in Heilongjiang Province, northern China: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Fu Yang , Zhang Jiarui , Cao Lei , Ma Junling , Zhu Hong , Dong Yan , Yin Mei , Shi Lei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimAttitudes toward older persons could affect services that are provided to them and change the value of the care they receive. The attitude of nursing students toward older persons is very important as it will affect their care of older patients in future. However, in China, the attitude of higher vocational nursing students toward older persons has not been widely studied. The purpose of this study is to explore the attitudes and factors toward older people among nursing students in higher vocational colleges in Heilongjiang Province.DesignA cross‐sectional study.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted using cluster sampling. A total of 1106 nursing students from two higher vocational colleges in Heilongjiang Province participated. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to identify the factors influencing nursing students’ attitudes toward older people.ConclusionThis study showed that the vocational college nursing students have a positive attitude towardolder persons. However, the proportion of respondents taking care of older persons as their first choice in their future career needs to be increased. Advanced vocational colleges should pay attention to the attitudes of nursing students toward older persons, and strengthen the education of career development planning, which has practical significance in meeting the diversified health needs of older persons and ensuring healthy aging.
Effect of alkali surface treatment and compatibilizer agent on tensile and morphological properties of date palm fibers‐based high density polyethylene biocomposites
Authors: Hachaichi Amina , Nekkaa Sorya , Amroune Salah , Jawaid Mohammad , Alothman Othman Y. , Dufresne Alain 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe objective of the present study is to develop an environment friendly alternative material based on available and local bio‐source from the wastes of Algerian date palm trees, date palm twigs fiber (DPF) was selected as an effective reinforcing material for high density polyethylene (HDPE) biocomposite. Two types of treatments have been used including sodium hydroxide (NaOH) treatment to obtain DPF1 followed by potassium permanganate (KMnO4) treatment to obtain DPF2 for aim to improve fiber‐matrix compatibility, HDPE biocomposite reinforced with different ratios of DPF1 and DPF2 varying from 10 to 30 wt% were elaborated, characterized, and compared to select the preferred treatment and percent of DPF which can be used with high properties. The results obtained indicates that the incorporating of 30 wt% of DPF2 in HDPE biocomposite led to an improve in the mechanical and morphological properties. In fact, the improvement in interfacial properties improve ultimate biocomposite performance, and thus qualified its use in different industrial application. The maleic anhydride grafted high‐density polyethylene (HDPE‐g‐MA) was incorporated as a coupling agent to the reinforced biocomposite of 30 wt% DPF2/HDPE with two different loading (7 and 10 wt%), Also, the treatments were seen to enhance the tensile strength and elastic modulus. Additionally, the biocomposites observation by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed more intimate contact between the fibers and HDEP matrix after surface modification. The results suggested that the successful sample with best characteristics which can be advised is 30 wt% DPF2/HDPE/10 wt% HDPE‐g‐MA, that offer their use in many applications particularly in the automotive industry.
Effect of cyclic tests on the shape memory performance of GO‐CF hybrid‐reinforced SMPC
Authors: Guo Haiyin , Ma Yuqin , Wang Gangfeng , Xu Wei , Zhao Tingting , Li Fei , Xu Yi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study investigated the effect of cyclic tests on the shape memory performance of graphene oxide‐carbon fiber (GO‐CF) hybrid‐reinforced shape memory polymer composite (SMPC). The shape memory performance was evaluated by four indexes: shape fixation rate, shape recovery rate, recovery time, and maximum recovery force. The results showed that the service life of the GO‐CF hybrid‐reinforced SMPC prepared by the vacuum infiltration hot‐press forming experimental system process (VIHPS) was 16 cycles. After 16 repetitions, the shape fixation rate decreased by approximately 6.6% and the shape recovery rate decreased by approximately 14.0%. At this time, the shape recovery rate was lower than 90%. The recovery time increased by 62.2% and the maximum recovery force decreased by 70.1%. The maximum recovery force exhibited the highest performance attenuation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to photograph and analyze the microstructures of the samples under various cyclic tests. It was concluded that the main factor affecting the shape memory performance of GO‐CF hybrid‐reinforced SMPC is the life of fiber bundle. During cyclic testing, the fiber was prone to kinks, tensile damage and other defects, which increased the probability of reducing the length of the fiber bundle. Therefore, the probability of fiber fracture was improved, and the shape memory performance of the GO‐CF hybrid‐reinforced SMPC was attenuated.
Development of approach for flavonoid profiling of biotechnological raw materials Iris sibirica L. by HPLC with high‐resolution tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Karpitskiy Dmitriy A. , Bessonova Elena A. , Kartsova Liudmila A. , Tikhomirova Liudmila I. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionIris L. are promising in medicine due to the biological activity of extracts. Iris sibirica L. is spread in Russia but its phytochemical composition has not been studied in detail though it is included in the Red Book. For this reason, I. sibirica L. biotechnology is in high demand. One of the key points in biotechnology is the regulation of plant metabolism using phytohormones. Obtaining of chromatographic metabolite profiles allows to control this process.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to develop an approach for effective control of biotechnological raw materials of I. sibirica L. by flavonoid profiles using high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS) and to investigate the influence of phytohormones in nutrient media on content of flavonoids.MethodologyIris sibirica L. regenerated plants were grown on Murashige–Skoog media with 6‐benzylaminopurine (6‐BAP) and α‐naphtylacetic acid (NAA) additives. To optimise extraction conditions, the design of the experiment was used. Profiles of polyphenols were obtained by HPLC–MS/MS in the positive and negative ionisation modes.ResultsThe process for efficient extraction from leaves of I. sibirica L. were developed. The factors influencing the extraction efficiency of flavonoids have been determined. A total of 36 compounds were identified by HPLC–MS/MS. Among them isoflavones and their glycosides are the main classes. Addition of an auxin‐like hormone increased the non‐polar flavonoid levels, but decreased the polar ones. The variation in concentration of cytokinin (6‐BAP) affected almost all of the analytes.ConclusionThe methodology for effective control of I. sibirica L. raw plant material biotechnology was developed by analysing obtained chromatographic polyphenol profiles.
surfaltr: An R/Bioconductor package to benchmark surface protein isoforms by rapid prediction and visualization of transmembrane topologies
Authors: Gangras Pooja , Merchant Aditi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCell surface proteins form a major fraction of the druggable proteome and can be used for tissue‐specific delivery of oligonucleotide/cell‐based therapeutics. Surface protein isoforms are regulated by alternative splicing, which drives subcellular localization and transmembrane (TM) topology thereby shaping cell type specific signatures. Current advances in multiomic approaches have developed interest in discovery of tissue‐specific alternatively spliced or novel surface protein isoforms. However, there exists a need for bioinformatic approaches for rapidly benchmarking the large number of isoforms identified by these approaches. To address this gap, we have developed, surfaltr, an R package which takes user input isoforms, pairs them with the known principal isoform of the gene, predicts TM topologies, and generates a customizable graphical output. Further, surfaltr facilitates prioritization of topologically diverse isoform pairs through incorporation of three different ranking metrics and through protein alignment functions. Here, we demonstrate the utility of our R package by evaluating the mouse retina‐specific novel surface protein isoforms identified in Ray et al. 2020. surfaltr is freely available through Bioconductor (https://bioconductor.org/packages/surfaltr) and the vignette provides extensive instructions for implementation.
The effect of probiotic administration on metabolomics and glucose metabolism in CF patients
Authors: Gur Michal , Zuckerman‐Levin Nehama , Masarweh Kamal , Hanna Moneera , Laghi Luca , Marazzato Massimiliano , Levanon Shir , Hakim Fahed , Bar–Yoseph Ronen , Wilschanski Michael , Bentur Lea 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground and objectivesCystic fibrosis (CF)‐related diabetes (CFRD) affects 50% of CF adults. Gut microbial imbalance (dysbiosis) aggravates their inflammatory response and contributes to insulin resistance (IR). We hypothesized that probiotics may improve glucose tolerance by correcting dysbiosis.MethodsA single‐center prospective pilot study assessing the effect of Vivomixx® probiotic (450 billion/sachet) on clinical status, spirometry, lung clearance index (LCI), and quality of life (QOL) questionnaires; inflammatory parameters (urine and stool metabolomics, blood cytokines); and glucose metabolism (oral glucose tolerance test [OGTT]), continuous glucose monitoring [CGM], and homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA‐IR) in CF patients.ResultsTwenty‐three CF patients (six CFRD), mean age 17.7 ± 8.2 years. After 4 months of probiotic administration, urinary cysteine (p = 0.018), lactulose (p = 0.028), arabinose (p = 0.036), mannitol (p = 0.041), and indole 3‐lactate (p = 0.046) significantly increased, while 3‐methylhistidine (p = 0.046) and N‐acetyl glutamine (p = 0.047) decreased. Stool 2‐Hydroxyisobutyrate (p = 0.022) and 3‐methyl‐2‐oxovalerate (p = 0.034) decreased. Principal component analysis, based on urine metabolites, found significant partitions between subjects at the end of treatment compared to baseline (p = 0.004). After 2 months of probiotics, the digestive symptoms domain of Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire‐Revised improved (p = 0.007). In the nondiabetic patients, a slight decrease in HOMA‐IR, from 2.28 to 1.86, was observed. There was no significant change in spirometry results, LCI, blood cytokines and CGM.ConclusionsChanges in urine and stool metabolic profiles, following the administration of probiotics, may suggest a positive effect on glucose metabolism in CF. Larger long‐term studies are needed to confirm our findings. Understanding the interplay between dysbiosis, inflammation, and glucose metabolism may help preventing CFRD.
Automatic vocabulary and graph verification for accurate loop closure detection
Authors: Yue Haosong , Miao Jinyu , Chen Weihai , Wang Wei , Guo Fanghong , Li Zhengguo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLocalizing previously visited places during long‐term localization and mapping, that is, loop closure detection (LCD), is a crucial technique to correct accumulated inconsistencies. In common bag‐of‐words (BoW) model, a visual vocabulary is built to associate features for detecting loops. Currently, methods that build vocabularies off‐line determine scales of the vocabulary by trial‐and‐error, which results in unreasonable feature association. Moreover, the detection precision of the algorithm declines due to perceptual aliasing given that the BoW‐based method ignores the positions of visual features. To build the optimal vocabulary automatically and eliminate human heuristics, we propose a natural convergence criterion based on the comparison between the radii of nodes and the drifts of feature descriptors in vocabulary construction. Furthermore, a novel topological graph verification method is proposed for validating loop candidates, which can effectively distinguish visual ambiguities by involving geometrical position of features and thus improve the precision of LCD. Experiments on various public datasets verify the effectiveness of our proposed approach.