bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mouse model of selective cryolipolysis
Authors: Salma Nunciada , Wang‐Evers Michael , Casper Malte Johannes , Karasik Daniel , Andrade Yanek Jiménez , Tannous Zeina , Manstein Dieter 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundCryolipolysis is a noninvasive method of destroying adipocytes using controlled cooling, thereby enabling localized and targeted fat reduction. Due to their greater vulnerability to cold injury, adipocytes are selectively targeted, while other cell types are spared.ObjectivesThis study aims to develop a mouse model of cryolipolysis to offer a reliable and convenient alternative to human models, providing a methodology to validate clinical hypotheses in‐depth with relative ease, low cost, and efficiency. This further facilitates comprehensive studies of the molecular mechanisms involved in cryolipolysis.Materials and MethodsMice (C57BL/6J) were placed under general anesthesia and were treated using our custom, miniaturized cryolipolysis system. A thermoelectric cooling probe was applied to the inguinal (ING) area for either a cold exposure of −10°C, or for a room temperature exposure for 10 minutes. The thickness of the subcutaneous fat of the mice was quantified using an optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging system before and after the treatment. Histological analyses were performed before and after cryolipolysis at multiple time points.ResultsOCT analysis showed that mice that underwent cold cryolipolysis treatment induced a significantly greater reduction of subcutaneous fat thickness 1 month after treatment than the control mice. The mice that received cold treatment had no skin injuries. The selective damage of adipocytes stimulated cold panniculitis that was characterized histologically by infiltration of immune cells 2 and 3 days after treatment.ConclusionThis study shows that cryolipolysis performed in mice yields reproducible and measurable subcutaneous fat reduction, consistent with previous studies conducted in humans and pigs. Future studies can utilize the model of selective cryolipolysis developed by our group to further elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms of fat cell loss and improve clinical outcomes in humans.
Velocity‐selective arterial spin labeling perfusion MRI: A review of the state of the art and recommendations for clinical implementation
Authors: Qin Qin , Alsop David C. , Bolar Divya S. , Hernandez‐Garcia Luis , Meakin James , Liu Dapeng , Nayak Krishna S. , Schmid Sophie , van Osch Matthias J. P. , Wong Eric C. , Woods Joseph G. , Zaharchuk Greg , Zhao Moss Y. , Zun Zungho , Guo Jia ,   the ISMRMPerfusion Study Group
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis review article provides an overview of the current status of velocity‐selective arterial spin labeling (VSASL) perfusion MRI and is part of a wider effort arising from the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM) Perfusion Study Group. Since publication of the 2015 consensus paper on arterial spin labeling (ASL) for cerebral perfusion imaging, important advancements have been made in the field. The ASL community has, therefore, decided to provide an extended perspective on various aspects of technical development and application. Because VSASL has the potential to become a principal ASL method because of its unique advantages over traditional approaches, an in‐depth discussion was warranted. VSASL labels blood based on its velocity and creates a magnetic bolus immediately proximal to the microvasculature within the imaging volume. VSASL is, therefore, insensitive to transit delay effects, in contrast to spatially selective pulsed and (pseudo‐) continuous ASL approaches. Recent technical developments have improved the robustness and the labeling efficiency of VSASL, making it a potentially more favorable ASL approach in a wide range of applications where transit delay effects are of concern. In this review article, we (1) describe the concepts and theoretical basis of VSASL; (2) describe different variants of VSASL and their implementation; (3) provide recommended parameters and practices for clinical adoption; (4) describe challenges in developing and implementing VSASL; and (5) describe its current applications. As VSASL continues to undergo rapid development, the focus of this review is to summarize the fundamental concepts of VSASL, describe existing VSASL techniques and applications, and provide recommendations to help the clinical community adopt VSASL.
Trout Responses to Stocking Rates and River Discharge within a Southeastern U.S. Hydropeaking Tailwater
Authors: Spurgeon Jonathan , Kaiser Joseph , Graham Christy , Lochmann Steve 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Freshwater fish populations often exist in systems characterized by novel ecological processes resulting from human alteration. Salmonid populations embedded within coldwater sections of warmwater rivers are spatially constrained by habitat availability. Tailwater fish contend with fluctuating river discharges and density-dependent processes associated with fish stocking and exploitation. Salmonid populations sustained through stocking versus natural reproduction may respond differently to changes in hydrologic patterns (e.g., hydropeaking) as well as declines in fish abundance. We assessed differences between stocked (Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss) and naturalized (Brown Trout Salmo trutta) trout populations in Greers Ferry tailwater, Arkansas, regarding (1) spatial and temporal patterns of mean length, electrofishing catch rates, and relative condition following reduced number of stocked Rainbow Trout and (2) evidence that hydrologic characteristics and fish stocking intensity influenced relative condition. A 56% reduction in Rainbow Trout stocking did not result in systemwide change in mean length or relative abundance for Rainbow Trout or Brown Trout over the 16-year study period. Hydrologic variability, where river discharge spanned both reduced and elevated levels, positively influenced condition of both Rainbow Trout and Brown Trout. Assessment of survival of stocked Rainbow Trout may aid in further refining the timing and amount of stocking needed to sustain the population at a desired abundance. Further, assessing the influence of stocking fewer but perhaps larger (in terms of mean length) fish to meet management goals may be warranted. The persistent differences in relative abundance among river sections can inform management actions directed at Brown Trout, including harvest regulations. Such regulations may aid in reaching desired management goals, including abundance and mean length targets not observed after reduced stocking.
A multisite focus group study of US adult women's beliefs and assumptions about bladder health and function
Authors: Williams Beverly Rosa , Burgio Kathryn L. , Hebert‐Beirne Jeni , James Aimee , Kenton Kimberly , LaCoursiere Daphne Yvette , Rickey Leslie , Brady Sonya S. , Kane Low Lisa , Newman Diane K. ,   Prevention of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (PLUS) Research Consortium
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimsThis analysis explored and characterized the ideas adult women have about how the bladder works, the assumptions guiding their bladder‐related behaviors, and the beliefs they hold about how their behaviors affect bladder health.MethodsThis was a directed content analysis of qualitative data from the Study of Habits, Attitudes, Realities, and Experiences, a focus group study conducted at seven United States research centers (July 2017 to April 2018). Participants were 316 adult women organized by four age categories (age range: 18−93 years). Analysis and interpretation focused on the “bladder assumptions and beliefs” code using a transdisciplinary lens and inductive approach.ResultsDuring their focus group discourse, participants exhibited a speculative mode of thinking about bladder health and function characterized by uncertainty about how the bladder works. They described the bladder as a mechanism for cleansing the body of impurities, viewing it as part of a larger interconnected bodily system to enable the body to stay healthy. They saw it as susceptible to anatomical changes, such as those related to pregnancy and aging. The women also postulated perceived relationships between bladder function and several health behaviors, including eating healthy foods, staying hydrated, engaging in physical activity and exercise, and adopting specific toileting and hygiene practices.ConclusionsThe findings underscore the importance of guidance from healthcare professionals and systematic community based educational programs for promoting women's understanding about bladder health and empowering them to exert agency to engage in healthy bladder behaviors.
The links among relative financial scarcity, thinking style, fatalism, and well‐being
Authors: Caballero Amparo , Fernández Itziar , Aguilar Pilar , Carrera Pilar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn the present research, we examined the links among relative financial scarcity, thinking style, fatalism, and well‐being and their roles in predicting protective behaviors against COVID‐19. Study 1 (N = 120) revealed that after an experimental manipulation to induce the perception of relative financial scarcity (versus financial abundance), people who perceived higher relative financial scarcity changed their thinking style to a more concrete mindset. In Study 2 (N = 873), the relative financial abundance–scarcity situation was measured, and the results showed that the greater the perceived relative financial scarcity was, the more concrete the mindset and the lower the sense of well‐being. Importantly, we found that individuals who felt poorer but maintained an abstract thinking style reported higher well‐being. Study 3 (N = 501) examined the influence of a concrete thinking style in people who perceived that their economic situation had worsened with the pandemic. The results showed that when this vulnerable population presented a more concrete mindset, they reported lower well‐being, higher fatalism, and lower protective behavior against COVID‐19. Thus, maintaining an abstract mindset promotes higher well‐being, lower fatalism, and greater protective behaviors against COVID‐19, even under economic difficulties. Because thinking style can be modified, our results encourage the development of new social intervention programs to promote an abstract mindset when people face important challenges.
Simulation‐based sequential design
Authors: Müller Peter , Duan Yunshan , Garcia Tec Mauricio 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe review some simulation‐based methods to implement optimal decisions in sequential design problems as they naturally arise in clinical trial design. As a motivating example we use a stylized version of a dose‐ranging design in the ASTIN trial. The approach can be characterized as constrained backward induction. The nature of the constraint is a restriction of the decisions to a set of actions that are functions of the current history only implicitly through a low‐dimensional summary statistic. In addition, the action set is restricted to time‐invariant policies. Time‐dependence is only introduced indirectly through the change of the chosen summary statistic over time. This restriction allows computationally efficient solutions to the sequential decision problem. A further simplification is achieved by restricting optimal actions to be described by decision boundaries on the space of such summary statistics.
The cross‐over of statistical thinking and practices: A pandemic catalyst
Authors: Garrett Andrew D. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWritten during the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic, and in recognition of Andy Grieve, the polymath, this article looks at an eclectic mix of topics where statistical thinking and practices should transcend typical dividing lines—with a particular focus on the areas of drug development, public health and social science. The case is made for embedding an experimental (or quasi‐experimental) framework within clinical practice for vaccines and treatments following their marketing authorisation. A similar case is made for public health interventions—facilitated by pre‐specification of effect size and by the greater use of data standards. A number of recommendations are made whilst noting that progress is being made in some areas.
From innovative thinking to pharmaceutical industry implementation: Some success stories
Authors: Walley Rosalind , Brayshaw Nigel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn industry, successful innovation involves not only developing new statistical methodology, but also ensuring that this methodology is implemented successfully. This includes enabling applied statisticians to understand the method, its benefits and limitations and empowering them to implement the new method. This will include advocacy, influencing in‐house and external stakeholders, such that these stakeholders are receptive to the new methodology. In this paper, we describe some industry successes and focus on our colleague, Andy Grieve's role in these.
Rationale for the update algorithm of the graphical approach to sequentially rejective multiple test procedures
Authors: Maurer Willi , Bretz Frank , Posch Martin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe graphical approach by Bretz et al. is a convenient tool to construct, visualize and perform multiple test procedures that are tailored to structured families of hypotheses while controlling the familywise error rate. A critical step is to update the transition weights following a pre‐specified algorithm. In their original publication, however, the authors did not provide a detailed rationale for the update formula. This paper closes the gap and provides three alternative arguments for the update of the transition weights of the graphical approach. It is a legacy of the first author, based on an unpublished technical report from 2014, and after his untimely death reconstructed by the other two authors as a tribute to Willi Maurer's collaboration with Andy Grieve and contributions to biostatistics over many years.
Domain adaptation metric learning method embedded with structural information for person re‐identification in internet of autonomous unmanned vehicles
Authors: Ni Tongguang , Zhu Chunyan , Qian Pengjiang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractInternet of autonomous unmanned vehicles (IAUV) is a global network of sensors, robots, and autonomous vehicles. Person re‐identification (Re‐ID) is an important intelligent transportation application in IAUV, which needs to be solved using artificial intelligence algorithms. In this study, a domain adaptation metric learning method embedded with structural information (called DAML‐ESI) is designed for person Re‐ID in IAUV. Due to the lack of labeling information in the target domain, DAML‐ESI realizes person Re‐ID with the help of the discriminative and structural information of pedestrian images of related domains. DAML‐ESI projects pedestrian images selected from different domains into a common metric space and establishes a discriminative metric learning model, which requires that the positive sample pair be mapped to a point, and the distance distribution of the negative sample pair be mapped to a fixed value. The projection matrix learned by DAML‐ESI is used to eliminate the distribution differences between different domains, and the distance metric is used to ensure that the learned metric learning model has strong discriminative ability in the metric space. To verify the effectiveness of DAML‐ESI, experimental comparisons are conducted on three person Re‐ID datasets, and DAML‐ESI achieves satisfactory recognition performance.
Environmental factors have a major effect in shaping the gene expression of Siberian larch in the Altai Mountains of China
Authors: Liu Min , Liu Xiaobin , Zhou Peng , Jiang Shaowei , Huang Jian‐Guo , Dong Zhicheng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe differentiation of gene expression is an important link between genotype and phenotype and has important contributions to species adaptation and ecosystem evolution. As a major component of the world's forests, boreal forests play an important role in regulating the global climate, and the phenology of tree species has been and is undergoing changes during global warming. Here, to understand the impact of global warming on gene expression in boreal forest species, we used PacBio and Illumina sequencing methods to study the transcriptome of natural populations of Siberian larch (Larix sibirica Ledeb.) from the Altai Mountains in Xinjiang, China. We found that populations in this area had low genetic differentiation, but individuals were genetically clustered together when they had close geographic distance. Environmental factors, especially temperature, dominated differential gene expression of Siberian larch, while the contribution of genetic variation is relatively small. We speculate that Siberian larch adapts to changes in temperature and precipitation by altering its own gene expression. These results not only predict the tolerance of boreal forests to higher temperatures in the future, but also inform forest management strategies under global climate change.
Datum Problem Handling in Local Tie Surveys at Wettzell and Metsähovi
Authors: Kallio Ulla , Klügel Thomas , Marila Simo , Mähler Swetlana , Poutanen Markku , Saari Timo , Schüler Torben , Suurmäki Heli 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The datum problem is a fundamental issue in the network adjustment when connecting a local measurement network to an external reference frame. Datum elements in 3D networks are scale, translation, and orientation. We consider here the local tie network at geodetic core stations, where the external reference frame is the latest ITRF realization, ITRF2014, in the mean epoch of terrestrial observations.
Accurate distance measurements are used for the determination of the network scale. Thus the improvement of its accuracy and the inclusion of weather measurements to account for refraction errors are essential. For rotation and translation of the network, we need external information. Angle observations are related to the coordinate system of the instrument (e.g. a tachymeter) which is usually aligned to the plumb line. Instruments have different vertical orientation at every station point and the direction of the plumb line does not coincide with the normal vector of the reference ellipsoid. Horizontally the observed set of angles are oriented in arbitrary or approximately oriented directions.
External information which is needed for solving the absolute orientation are datum points, providing the link to the global coordinate system, and correction terms for the vertical orientation (deflection of the vertical), which can be derived from combined terrestrial/GNSS observations, from a gravity based geoid model, or from astronomical observations.
In this article, we present the solutions/options for the datum problem in the framework of the EMPIR GeoMetre project using the example of the ITRF core stations Metsähovi and Wettzell using transformation-free approaches. The inclusion of distant targets is promising, since in small networks even a millimeter change in the coordinates of a datum point can significantly affect a local tie vector. It is shown that at both stations the determination of the deflection of the vertical using different techniques yield the same results within the measurement error.
Local Ties at SLR Station Riga
Authors: Salmins Kalvis , Sproģis Viesturs , Biļinskis Imants , del Pino Jorge 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The SLR station Riga operates a SLR system within ILRS (Riga 18844401, DOMES number 12302S002) and a collocated GNSS system (RIGA00LVA, DOMES number 12302M002) within IGS and EUREF networks. The reference geodetic mark (DOMES number 12302M001) was used for the mobile SLR system MTLRS operation in 1991. Domes 12302M002 is situated on top of an historical time service building which sits directly on the bedrock. Both other points are placed on concrete foundations built more than 50 years ago. All these points are included in the ITRF database. The first full local ties set was determined in 1995 using a 6 h GPS session run using three GPS receivers. In 2018 three geodetic pillars were installed to improve the local geodetic network at the site. In January 2021, a multitechnique survey campaign produced a new set of local ties and reported to the ITRF and related services. The obtained results show that the local tie stability is at the subcentimeter level over a 25 years period. The true stability may be better, taking into account the measurement technology used in the first survey 25 years ago. But to verify it we need to do more surveys.
Multivariate Passenger Flow Forecast Based on ACLB Model
Authors: Zheng Lin , Qi Chaowei , Zhao Shibo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWith the rapid increase in urban population, urban traffic problems are becoming severe. Passenger flow forecasting is critical to improving the ability of urban buses to meet the travel needs of urban residents and alleviating urban traffic pressure. However, the factors affecting passenger flow have complex non-linear characteristics, which creates a bottleneck in passenger flow prediction. Deep learning models CNN, LSTM, BISTM and the gradually emerging attention mechanism are the key points to solve the above problems. Based on summarizing the characteristics of various models, this paper proposes a multivariate prediction model ACLB to extract the nonlinear spatio-temporal characteristics of passenger flow data. We compare the performance of ACLB model with CNN, LSTM, BILSTM, CNN-LSTM, FCN-ALSTM through experiments. ACLB performance is better than other models.
The Research on Fishery Metadata in Bohai Sea Based on Semantic Web
Authors: Du Meifang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a data sharing and management mechanism suitable for the characteristics of fishery industry was established to clarify the phenomenon of heterogeneous Web data and Information Island based on Semantic Web technology, and unified interface specification information platform was established. Form the specification of metadata from the physical and chemical database, developing and publishing the corresponding metadata management tool, assisting, assisting and guiding a specialized database centre, completing the construction of metadata from the professional database.
Design of Portable Intelligent Traffic Light Alarm System for the Blind
Authors: Tang Lili 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe system is composed of STC single chip microcomputer, color signal recognizer and sensor control module, wireless communication control module, voice and video synthesizer and broadcast control module. STC MCU adopts STC89C52; color recognition sensor module uses gy-33 color recognition sensor, which can identify the current traffic light conditions; wireless communication module uses nRF24L01 made by Nordic company, which needs to be installed at the sending end and the receiving end to send the current traffic light information; the speech synthesis broadcasting module uses the TTS speech synthesis broadcasting module xfs5152ce of iFLYTEK, after data recognition and analysis, it finally sends voice alarm about traffic lights to the blind, so as to effectively guide the blind whether it can pass through, so as to ensure the safety of the blind. This design combines artificial intelligence with daily life, which not only meets the development trend of the information age, but also meets the needs of the current society. It has a broad market prospect in the application of intelligent travel.