bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of polarization modulator using MXene thin film
Authors: Tiu Zian Cheak , Tan Sin Jin , Yusoff N. , Ahmad Harith 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this work, polarization modulator utilizing MXene material, namely Nb2C is demonstrated. S band signal is injected into Nb2C thin film and is modulated by 1400 nm laser diode. A total of 39.81° of polarization rotation is attained when the pump power is increased to 223 mW. The rotation of light is due to thermo-optic effect. The efficiency of polarization modulator is calculated at 0.1974°/mW.
Identification of vaginal microbiome associated with IVF pregnancy
Authors: Lledo B. , Fuentes A. , Lozano F. M. , Cascales A. , Morales R. , Hortal M. , Sellers F. , Palacios-Marques A. , Bermejo R. , Quereda F. , Martínez-Escoriza J. C. , Bernabeu R. , Bernabeu A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe factors that cause a preterm birth (PTB) are not completely understood up to date. Moreover, PTB is more common in pregnancies achieved by in-vitro fertilization (IVF) than in spontaneous pregnancies. Our aim was to compare the composition of vaginal microbiome at 12 weeks of gestation between women who conceived naturally or through IVF in order to study whether IVF PTB-risk could be related to vaginal microbiome composition. We performed an observational, prospective and multicentre study among two public hospitals and a fertility private clinic in Spain. Vaginal swabs from 64 pregnant women at 12 weeks of gestation were collected to analyse the microbiome composition by sequencing the V3–V4 region of the 16S rRNA. Our results showed that the vaginal microbiome signature at 12 weeks of pregnancy was different from women who conceived naturally or through IVF. The beta diversity and the genus composition were different between both cohorts. Gardnerella, Neisseria, Prevotella, and Staphylococcus genus were enriched genus in the vaginal microbiome from the IVF group, allowing us to create a balance model to predict both cohorts. Moreover, at species level the L. iners abundance was higher and L. gasseri was lower in the IVF group. As a conclusion, our findings were consistent with a proposed framework in which IVF pregnancy are related to risk for preterm birth (PTB) suggesting vaginal microbiome could be the reason to the relation between IVF pregnancy and risk for PTB.
Data‐model driven rescheduling considering both rotor angle stability and transient voltage stability constraints
Authors: Wang Tianjing , Tang Yong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFacing the problem of workforce and time costs caused by the rescheduling of large‐scale power grids with renewable energy penetration, and the lack of parallel control research on rotor angle instability and transient voltage instability, a rescheduling method based on trajectory sensitivity and deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is proposed to meet the requirements of rotor angle stability and transient voltage stability at the same time. By introducing the process of rescheduling to meet the transient stability constraint, the Markov decision‐making process of rescheduling is first constructed. Then, a simple dominant instability type identification method is proposed according to the occurrence time, location, voltage pattern, and position of the oscillation centre. Moreover, a rescheduling strategy is formulated based on the dominant instability mode identification, trajectory sensitivity calculation, actionable device selection, action amount computation, and action of the device. Next, according to the improved distributed distributive deep deterministic policy gradients (D4PG), a DRL model is established to map the action to actionable generator pairs and capacitors/reactors, so as to realize parallel rescheduling of rotor angle instability and transient voltage instability. Finally, the improved New England 39‐bus system and an actual power grid are used to verify the effectiveness and advantages of the method.
Robust control for techno‐economic efficient energy management of fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles
Authors: Ramadan Haitham S. , Hassan Islam A. , Alhelou Hassan Haes 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe design of an efficient techno‐economic autonomous fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle (FCHEV) is a crucial challenge. This paper investigates the design of a near optimal PI controller for an automated FCHEV, where autonomy is expressed as efficient and robust tracking of a given reference speed trajectory without driver's intervention. An impartial comparison is introduced to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed metaheuristic‐based optimal controllers in enhancing the system dynamic performance. The comprehensive optimization performance indicator is considered as a function of the vehicle dynamic characteristics while determining the optimal controller gains. In this paper, the proposed effective up‐to‐date metaheuristic techniques are the grey wolf optimization (GWO) as well as the artificial bee colony (ABC). Using MATLABTM/Simulink, numerical simulations clearly illustrate the efficiency of near‐optimal gains in the optimized tuning methodologies and the fixed manual one in realizing adequate velocity tracking. The simulation results demonstrate the superiority of both ABC and GWO rather than the manual controller for driving cycles of high acceleration and deceleration levels. In absence of these latter, the manual defined gain controller is considered sufficient. Through a comprehensive sensitivity analysis, the robustness of both metaheuristic‐based controllers is verified under diverse driving cycles of different operation features and nature. Despite GWO results in better dynamic characteristics, the ABC provides more economical feature with about 1.5% compared to manual system in extra urban driving cycle. However, manual‐controller has the minimum fuel cost under the United States driving cycle developed by the environmental protection agency as a New York city cycle (US EPA NYCC) and urban driving cycle (ECE). Ecologically, electric vehicles have an environmentally friendly effect especially when driven with green hydrogen. Autonomous vehicles, involving velocity control systems, would raise car share and provide more comfort.
KMT-2021-BLG-0240: Microlensing event with a deformed planetary signal
Authors: Han Cheongho , Kim Doeon , Yang Hongjing , Gould Andrew , Jung Youn Kil , Albrow Michael D. , Chung Sun-Ju , Hwang Kyu-Ha , Lee Chung-Uk , Ryu Yoon-Hyun , Shin In-Gu , Shvartzvald Yossi , Yee Jennifer C. , Zang Weicheng , Cha Sang-Mok , Kim Dong-Jin , Kim Seung-Lee , Lee Dong-Joo , Lee Yongseok , Park Byeong-Gon , Pogge Richard W. ,   (The KMTNet Collaboration)
Published: April 2022

Aims. The light curve of the microlensing event KMT-2021-BLG-0240 exhibits a short-lasting anomaly with complex features near the peak at the 0.1 mag level from a single-lens single-source model. We conducted modeling of the lensing light curve under various interpretations to reveal the nature of the anomaly.
Methods. It is found that the anomaly cannot be explained with the usual model based on a binary-lens (2L1S) or a binary-source (1L2S) interpretation. However, a 2L1S model with a planet companion can describe part of the anomaly, suggesting that the anomaly may be deformed by a tertiary lens component or a close companion to the source. From the additional modeling, we find that all the features of the anomaly can be explained with either a triple-lens (3L1S) model or a binary-lens binary-source (2L2S) model. However, it is difficult to validate the 2L2S model because the light curve does not exhibit signatures induced by the source orbital motion and the ellipsoidal variations expected by the close separation between the source stars according to the model. We, therefore, conclude that the two interpretations cannot be distinguished with the available data, and either can be correct.
Results. According to the 3L1S solution, the lens is a planetary system with two sub-Jovian-mass planets in which the planets have masses of 0.32–0.47 MJ and 0.44–0.93 MJ, and they orbit an M dwarf host. According to the 2L2S solution, on the other hand, the lens is a single planet system with a mass of ~0.21 MJ orbiting a late K-dwarf host, and the source is a binary composed of a primary of a subgiant or a turnoff star and a secondary of a late G dwarf. The distance to the planetary system varies depending on the solution: ~7.0 kpc according to the 3L1S solution and ~6.6 kpc according to the 2L2S solution.
Patientsʼ Perception of COVID-19 Preventive Measures in Ophthalmology: Satisfaction and Impact on Glaucoma Care and Follow-up
Authors: Gillmann Kevin , Greppi Cécilia 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose In response to the spread of COVID-19 in Switzerland, ophthalmology practices implemented a variety of preventive measures in order to minimise the risk of contamination to
their patients and staff. Yet, some studies suggested that over a quarter of all glaucoma patients never returned to the clinic after the first lockdown eased. This raises the question of
the factors influencing Patientsʼ likelihood to keep their appointments in this COVID-19 era. The aim of this study was therefore to assess ophthalmology Patientsʼ perception of COVID-19
preventive measures, as well as their impact on glaucoma Patientsʼ clinic attendance and follow-up.
Methods This was a prospective study based on primary data collected from 12 private ophthalmology clinics in French-speaking Switzerland. A web-based patient experience
questionnaire was designed to assess Patientsʼ appreciation of the preventive measures in place at their eye care provider as well as their intention to attend further follow-up
appointments. These measures were made on modified 10-point Likert scales. Every patient who attended an appointment at one of the participating clinics on randomly selected dates in October
2020 was offered voluntary enrolment into the study.
Results In all, 118 surveys were completed and analysed. The mean age of respondents was 57.8 ± 18.0 years, 59.3% were female, and 71.2% were Swiss nationals. Fifty-four (45.8%) of
them suffered from glaucoma. Overall, patients were highly satisfied with the measures in place to safeguard them from COVID-19 infection, with a mean score of 9.29 ± 1.35. This was higher
amongst Swiss nationals (9.55 ± 0.77) than foreigners (8.65 ± 2.09). On average, responders expressed a 90.2 ± 17.5 percent likelihood to keep their follow-up appointment. The figure went
down to 88.5 ± 19.9 percent amongst glaucoma patients (p = 0.58), and 86.3 ± 22.1 percent amongst glaucoma patients aged 65 and over (p = 0.29). Interestingly, older glaucoma Patientsʼ
satisfaction with preventive measures in place strongly correlated with their likelihood to keep follow-up appointments (r = 0.72). The correlation was moderate amongst all glaucoma patients
(r = 0.46) and weak amongst all respondents (r = 0.38) and those over 65 (r = 0.44).
Conclusions The present research highlights the importance of Patientsʼ perception on COVID-19 preventive measures in place in ophthalmology clinics, which was directly associated
with their likelihood to keep follow-up appointments. Vulnerable subgroups of patients were more likely to miss their follow-up appointments altogether, and their decision to attend was more
strongly influenced by their perceived risk of contracting COVID-19. This suggests a role for telemedicine in more vulnerable patients suffering from progressive diseases such as
glaucoma.
Simultaneous Management of Retinal Detachment and Aphakia with Pars Plana Vitrectomy, Silicone Oil Tamponade and Retropupillary Iris-Claw Intraocular Lens Implantation in
Patients with Marfan Syndrome
Authors: Hsin Safia , Stappler Theodor , Potic Jelena , Wolfensberger Thomas J. , Konstantinidis Lazaros 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background Marfan Syndrome is an autosomal dominant disease with multiple ocular abnormalities including ectopia lentis and a high incidence of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment
(RRD). The management of RRD may be challenging in cases of aphakic patients with Marfan.
Purpose To report on the management of four cases of simultaneous RRD and aphakia with vitrectomy, silicone oil tamponade, and retropupillary iris-claw intraocular lens (IOL)
implantation in patients with Marfan that have been operated at the Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital between 2019 and 2020.
History and Signs Ages at presentation were 20, 30, 32, and 31 years, respectively. All patients had a history of extraction of a dislocated lens. None of the patients had a previous
posterior vitrectomy. Two patients had records of previous measurements for IOL calculation by optical biometry (IOL Master, Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, Jena, Germany) about 1 year prior to the
RRD development. In two cases, measurements for IOL calculation by optical biometry were based on the contralateral eye.
Therapy and Outcome All patients underwent 23 G vitrectomy, peripheral iridotomy, and retropupillary iris-claw IOL. No intraoperative complications were encountered. All patients had
silicone oil tamponade, one of which required heavy silicone oil. Silicone oil was removed 3 months following primary surgery. Minimum follow-up was 1 year. The single surgery anatomic
success rate was 100%. All patients had visual acuity of at least 0.8 at the last follow-up (1.25, 1.0, 0.8, and 0.8 respectively). The targeted refractive results were accurately achieved
in all four cases postoperatively. One patient presented ocular hypertension 2 weeks after surgery due to presumed steroid response and was managed conservatively. None of the patients had
silicone oil migration into the anterior chamber.
Conclusion Retropupillary iris-claw IOL implantation in cases of RRD and aphakia creates a barrier to tamponades from the posterior segment, effectively preventing them from entering
the anterior segment of the eye. Therefore, the management of aphakia and retinal detachment with simultaneous vitrectomy and a retropupillary iris-claw IOL may be a successful strategy in
reducing postoperative complications in patients with Marfan syndrome.
Intraocular Pressure in Eyes with Intraocular Lens Dislocation and Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome
Authors: Schuknecht Angelika , Wachtl Josephine , Fleischhauer Johannes , Kniestedt Christoph 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose To investigate intraocular pressure in eyes with intraocular lens subluxation and pseudoexfoliation syndrome.
Methods In this retrospective study conducted at one eye centre (tazz) in Zurich, Switzerland, we reviewed 85 eyes with intraocular lens subluxation and pseudoexfoliation syndrome.
Intraocular lens exchange was carried out by two surgeons between 03/2016 and 12/2019 (45 months). Information on baseline characteristics and diagnosis of glaucoma was recorded. Intraocular
pressure and best-corrected visual acuity were analysed preoperatively and at five time points up to 12 months after lens exchange. Data on antiglaucomatous medication was collected before
surgery and at two different time points after surgery. Postoperative pressure lowering procedures and complications were further analysed.
Results This study includes 85 pseudoexfoliation eyes with intraocular lens subluxation. The mean interval between cataract surgery and lens exchange was 8.9 ± 5.2 years. Intraocular
pressure elevation in the event of intraocular lens subluxation was found in 54% (46/85) of eyes. Mean intraocular pressure decreased from 22.9 ± 9.4 mmHg preoperatively to 15.2 ± 3.4 mmHg
at follow-up 12 months after lens exchange (p < 0.001). Postoperative topical antiglaucomatous drug requirements were comparable to preoperative levels (p = 0.520). Less systemic
acetazolamide was required 12 months postoperatively (p = 0.018). A pressure lowering procedure was required in seven (8%) eyes in the postoperative period due to persistence of high
intraocular pressure. Intermittent increase or persistence of high intraocular pressure occurred in 13 (15%) eyes.
Conclusion This study emphasises the connection between acute pressure elevation and intraocular lens subluxation in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome. Intraocular pressure
decreases after lens exchange and decrease sustains for a postoperative period of 12 months. Postoperative pressure lowering procedures were not required in the majority of eyes. We
therefore conclude that intraocular lens exchange is efficient in the management of lens subluxation and pressure elevation in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome.
Structural, Microvascular, and Functional Findings Associated with Fovea Plana
Authors: Jung Sascha Mathias , Valmaggia Christophe , Türksever Cengiz , Todorova Margarita G. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose To analyse structural (OCT), microvascular (OCTA), and functional changes (BCVA, mfERG) associated with fovea plana and to compare it to healthy controls.
Methods A retrospective observational study was performed on 13 patients (26 eyes; aged 34.46 y ± 20.26) with a clinical picture of fovea plana and 15 controls (30 eyes; aged:
41.47 y ± 14.03).
Results In fovea plana, BCVA ranged from 0.25 to 1.0, with a spherical error of − 5.5 to + 18.0 dpt. Posterior segment changes included elevated papillomacular retinal fold, uveal
effusion syndrome, crowded optic discs, and hypopigmented fundus. OCTA imaging of the superficial (FAZ-S), intermediate (FAZ-I), and deep foveal avascular zone (FAZ-D) confirmed absence of
foveal avascular zone (FAZ-S in 13 eyes, FAZ-I in 21 eyes, and FAZ-D in 10 eyes). Fovea plana patients had a significantly smaller FAZ-S, FAZ-I, and FAZ-D than controls (p < 0.001).
Within the fovea plana group, a smaller FAZ-S correlated with reduced BCVA (p = 0.004) and with reduced mfERGs in zones 1 and 2 (p = 0.001 and p = 0.017). Also, a smaller FAZ-D showed
positive correlations with the mfERG, with statistically significant values in zones 1 and 2 (p = 0.003 and p = 0.017).
Conclusion In conclusion, our results confirm an altered structural, microvascular, and functional pattern in patients with a clinical picture of fovea plana. As documented by the
functional microvascular interactions in our study, the developmental arrest in foveation reflects the functional maturation by means of visual acuity and central retinal function.
Nicht organische Sehstörungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen
Authors: Sisera Lorena , Patzelt Sarah , Gerth-Kahlert Christina 
Published: April 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Funktionelle Sehstörungen stellen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen eine wichtige, aber auch herausfordernde Differenzialdiagnose dar. Charakteristisch ist die Diskrepanz
zwischen der Symptomatik und den objektiven Befunden. Ziel unserer Arbeit war die Datenanalyse der Patienten, die aufgrund der Diagnose „funktionelle Sehstörungen“ an unserer Klinik betreut
wurden.
Patienten und Methoden Es erfolgte eine retrospektive Datenanalyse: Alter < 18 Jahre, Diagnose „funktionelle Sehstörung“ 2011 bis 2020. Anamnestische und klinische Daten wurden
aus der Patientenakte extrahiert. Zusätzlich wurden die Eltern bzw. die Patienten mittels eines Fragebogens nach den aktuellen Beschwerdebildern kontaktiert. Die Studie wurde von der
kantonalen Ethikkommission Zürich (KEK Nr. 2020-01268) bewilligt.
Resultate Es wurden insgesamt 92 Patienten identifiziert, wobei eine Analyse bei 53% (49/92; 32 weiblich, 17 männlich) bei vorliegendem Consent erfolgen konnte. Das Alter betrug
3 bis 18 Jahre (median 10,5 Jahre) mit einem Follow-up von 1 bis 58 Monaten (median 7 Monate). Die häufigsten Symptome waren bilaterale Visusminderung (55%) und/oder Verschwommensehen (18%)
mit Kopfschmerzen (35%), Motilitätsschmerz (14%), Photophobie (4%), Schwindel (4%) und Unwohlsein (2%). Eine Reduktion des Fern- (22/49 bilateral, 9/49 unilateral) und Nahvisus (24/49
bilateral, 3/49 unilateral) wurde dokumentiert. Die subjektive Visusminderung war in 20% der Patienten bei der Testung nicht mehr nachweisbar. Eine psychologische Belastung war in 13/49
Patienten dokumentiert. Befeuchtende Augentropfen (18/49), Brillenordination (15/49) oder keine Therapie (20/49) wurde empfohlen. Eine subjektive und/oder objektive Besserung bestand beim
Follow-up in 49% (24/49). Der Fragebogen wurde in 86% beantwortet: keine vollständige Remission der visuellen Symptomatik (10/42), Remission innerhalb 1 Woche (14/41), 1 Monat (3/41), 2 – 6
Monate (8/41), 1 Jahr (6/41). Es lag keine Korrelation zwischen der Dauer der visuellen Symptome und dem Alter bei Beginn oder dem Geschlecht vor. Die Beratung an unserer Klinik wurde als
„unterstützend und hilfreich“ in 31/42 Patienten angegeben.
Fazit Die psychosoziale und psychologische Komponente sollte trotz geringem Vorkommen bei der Anamneseerhebung nicht vernachlässigt werden.
Acute Serous Retinal Detachment after the Same Operating Session of Uncomplicated Cataract Surgeries: A Case Series
Authors: Bravetti Giorgio Enrico , Fraboni Emanuela , Bravetti Giacomo Edoardo , Bravetti Giorgio Oddo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose To report four cases of acute serous retinal detachment (ASRD) after the same operating session of uncomplicated cataract surgeries.
Methods In this case series, data of patients who developed ASRD after uncomplicated phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation during the same operating session were
collected. Diagnosis was made on the first postoperative day, when all patients had a very low best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), despite a good aspect of the anterior segment, without
significant keratopathy and with only trace cells in the anterior chamber. Spectral-domain optic coherence tomography (SD-OCT) revealed serous retinal detachment with subretinal fluid
accumulation in the macular area. Patients received a parabulbar injection of 40 mg/mL triamquinolone in addition to usual the postoperative topical treatment of 0.1% dexamethasone and 0.3%
netilmicin eye drops. Patients were examined postoperatively on days 1, 3, 7, and 1 month. BCVA and central foveal thickness (CFT) measured by SD-OCT were evaluated at each visit. A
relationship between demographics, preoperative ocular conditions, systemic diseases, parameters of surgery, and the development of ASRD was analyzed.
Results After a single operating session of 10 uneventful cataract surgeries, operated by the same expert surgeon, on postoperative day 1, ASRD was detected in 4 patients (3 male, 1
female; mean age 71 ± 4.1 years). Preoperatively, the mean BCVA was 0.6 ± 0.1 decimals and mean CFT was 191.3 ± 13.7 µm. On the first postoperative day, mean BCVA was 0.01 ± 0.1 decimals,
and all eyes had serous retinal detachment, with a mean CFT of 682.0 ± 97.4 µm. On the following visits, BCVA improved and CFT reduced significantly. On day 7, BCVA was at least 0.7 decimals
in all eyes, with complete reabsorption of subretinal fluid. At 1 month, mean BCVA was 1.0 ± 0.0 decimals and no eye had recurrence of serous retinal detachment, with a mean CFT of
202.3 ± 26.7 µm. No relevant data were found on other parameters investigated.
Conclusion Acute serous retinal detachment is a rare event that can occur after uncomplicated phacoemulsification, which in our cases, resolved in a few days without recurrence.