bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time to Rehospitalization for Different Oral Risperidone Dosing Frequencies in Patients With Schizophrenia
Authors: Wang Xi-Yu , Chan Hung-Yu , Lin Ching-Hua 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Purpose
This retrospective cohort study aimed at determining whether the daily administration pattern of risperidone influences time to rehospitalization in patients with schizophrenia. Previous studies have related more frequent dosing to poor medication adherence. This causes suboptimal disease control, which entails shorter times between hospital admissions.

Methods
We investigated admission records from 1 tertiary psychiatric hospital in Taiwan. Patients were included if they had a main diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and were receiving oral risperidone. The enrollment period was July 2001 to December 2016; we observed whether rehospitalization would occur in subsequent periods of 3-month, 6-month, and 1-year follow-ups.

Results
There were 1504 patients grouped by daily dosing frequency of oral risperidone. Most patients (95.9%) received 6 mg or less of risperidone per day. After adjustment for covariates, including daily total dosages of risperidone, it showed an independent association that more frequent dosing frequency of risperidone had higher hazard ratios (HRs) of rehospitalizations (in 1-year follow-up: 2 vs 1 dosing a day: HR, 1.566; 3 vs 1 dosing a day: HR, 3.010; 4 vs 1 dosing a day: HR, 4.305) and a significant trend of more possible rehospitalizations (Cochran-Armitage test for trend: P < 0.001) in 3-month, 6-month, and 1-year follow-up.

Conclusions
Patients receiving more doses of risperidone per day are more likely to be readmitted within 1 year following last discharge, indicating poorer treatment outcomes for patients who receive more frequent doses.
Sexual Assault Forensic Examiner Recruitment and Retention
Authors: Nathan Sarah , Moret Jessica Draughon 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
Traditionally, sexual assault nurse examiner training focuses on examination skills and evidence collection. Gathering history and supporting the patient in a trauma-informed approach are equally important components of postassault care. Simulation is an established tool in healthcare education; however, there is limited research on applying simulation to the training of sexual assault nurse examiners. The Sexual Assault Forensic Examiner Recruitment and Retention program developed and delivered standardized patient-simulated scenarios to teach elements of trauma-informed sexual assault interviews. Simulation allowed trainees the opportunity to practice interviews and receive direct feedback from the standardized patient actor and experienced examiners. Evaluation results showed that learners valued this opportunity, endorsing that it improved their ability to conduct a forensic interview. This innovative program introduced a framework for training new examiners on trauma-informed interview techniques, using standardized patients.
Reducing Secondary Traumatic Stress and Fueling Knowledge of Child Maltreatment Among Health Care Providers
Authors: Cain Cary M. , Gautreaux Katherine 
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND:
Child maltreatment is widespread, and its victims are frequently treated by trauma providers. However, providers across disciplines report feeling ill-equipped to identify and treat victims of child maltreatment and also report high levels of burnout and secondary traumatic stress.

OBJECTIVE:
This study aims to evaluate an intervention to improve health care provider knowledge, recognition, and reporting of child maltreatment and promote provider resilience as they care for victims of child maltreatment.

METHODS:
This is a single-group pre/posttest study design conducted from April to October 2019 of an educational intervention addressing child maltreatment knowledge, recognition, and self-care strategies for providers. Baseline and 6-month post-event questionnaires evaluated child maltreatment recognition and reporting, and the Professional Quality of Life instrument was used to measure compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress. Statistical analyses were conducted to evaluate the impact of the intervention on participants' self-reported knowledge, compassion, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress.

RESULTS:
A total of 164 health care providers participated in the study; the majority were nurses (69.5%). There was a 51.2% response rate for the 6-month post-event questionnaire (n = 84). Health care providers' knowledge of child maltreatment recognition and reporting significantly improved from pre-event (Mdn = 24.0) to post-event (Mdn = 27.0), z =−6.4, p < .001, and significantly decreased in secondary traumatic stress pre-event (Mdn = 20.0) to post-event (Mdn = 17.5), z =−2.11, p = .035. No changes were noted in compassion satisfaction or burnout.

CONCLUSIONS:
Educational activities can improve provider knowledge and recognition of child maltreatment and facilitate secondary traumatic stress reduction.
Case Report: An Isolated Abducens Palsy Secondary to Lyme Disease
Authors: Mashburn Callie J. , Greene Alicia M. , DePoe Scott A. 
Published: January 2022

SIGNIFICANCE
Lyme disease can have widespread and long-lasting systemic implications, and ocular manifestations of Lyme disease may be the only presenting symptoms of infection. As such, eye care providers can play a critical role in facilitating the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.

PURPOSE
This case report describes an isolated sixth nerve palsy secondary to Lyme disease, which is a rare neuro-ophthalmic presentation. This report emphasizes the importance of considering Lyme disease in the setting of atypical nerve palsies to allow for appropriate treatment and prevent long-term complications of untreated disease.

CASE REPORT
A 63-year-old man presented with new-onset, painful diplopia for 1 day and was diagnosed with a right sixth nerve palsy. His medical history was significant for relapsing polychondritis with associated ocular complications, so his nerve palsy was presumed secondary to a flare of his systemic disease. However, secondary to complaints of new night sweats, infectious etiologies were also considered. The patient was initially treated with oral steroids with no improvement in his diplopia after being admitted to the hospital for further workup. Approximately 1 week after presentation, Lyme titers returned positive, and the diagnosis was revised to abducens palsy secondary to Lyme disease. The patient's nerve palsy rapidly resolved after oral therapy with doxycycline.

CONCLUSIONS
Lyme disease is a systemic illness that can have widely varying manifestations, including ocular findings. Eye involvement may be the only presenting symptom, allowing eye care providers to serve an important role in disease recognition and management.
Comparing Outcomes after Oncoplastic Breast Reduction and Breast Reduction for Benign Macromastia
Authors: Marano Andrew A. , Grover Karan , Peysakhovich Anya , Lin Alexandra J. , Castillo Wendy , Rohde Christine H. 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Oncoplastic breast reconstruction improves cosmetic outcomes when compared to standard breast conservation therapy alone. The authors studied whether tailoring a breast reduction to a cancer resection affects complication rates by comparing (1) outcomes between oncoplastic and benign macromastia patients and (2) complication rates between the cancer side and the symmetrizing side of an oncoplastic reduction.

Methods:
A retrospective chart review was performed on female patients who underwent either oncoplastic or benign breast reduction over 9 years by a single surgeon. Patient demographics, intraoperative data, and postoperative outcomes were gathered from the electronic medical record. Chi-square and t tests were performed when appropriate to determine significance.

Results:
Of the 211 patients included in the study, 62 (29.4 percent) underwent oncoplastic breast reduction and 149 (70.6 percent) underwent breast reduction for benign macromastia. Total resection weight was greater in the benign group (p = 0.00). There was a higher rate of loss of nipple sensation in the oncoplastic group (p = 0.005) but no differences in any other complication. There was a higher complication rate in the oncologic breast when compared to the symmetrizing breast within the oncoplastic cohort (p = 0.039), but no differences in the rates of individual complications.

Conclusions:
Although the loss of nipple sensation was increased in patients undergoing oncoplastic breast reduction, all other outcomes were not significantly different between the two groups. The authors’ findings indicate that oncoplastic breast reduction can be performed with a safety profile similar to that of a standard breast reduction.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, III.
American Society of Plastic Surgeons Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guideline Revision: Reduction Mammaplasty
Authors: Perdikis Galen , Dillingham Claire , Boukovalas Stefanos , Ogunleye Adeyemi A. , Casambre Francisco , Dal Cin Arianna , Davidson Caryn , Davies Claire C. , Donnelly Katelyn C. , Fischer John P. , Johnson Debra J. , Labow Brian I. , Maasarani Samantha , Mullen Kyle , Reiland Juliann , Rohde Christine , Slezak Sheri , Taylor Anne , Visvabharathy Vidya , Yoon-Schwartz Diana 
Published: January 2022

Summary:
A multidisciplinary work group involving stakeholders from various backgrounds and societies convened to revise the guideline for reduction mammaplasty. The goal was to develop evidence-based patient care recommendations using the new American Society of Plastic Surgeons guideline methodology. The work group prioritized reviewing the evidence around the need for surgery as first-line treatment, regardless of resection weight or volume. Other factors evaluated included the need for drains, the need for postoperative oral antibiotics, risk factors that increase complications, a comparison in outcomes between the two most popular techniques (inferior and superomedial), the impact of local anesthetic on narcotic use and other nonnarcotic pain management strategies, the use of epinephrine, and the need for specimen pathology. A systematic literature review was performed, and an established appraisal process was used to rate the quality of relevant scientific research (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology). Evidence-based recommendations were made and strength was determined based on the level of evidence and the assessment of benefits and harms.
Impact of Heroin and HIV on Gut Integrity and Immune Activation
Authors: Hileman Corrilynn O. , Bowman Emily R. , Gabriel Janelle , Kettelhut Aaren , Labbato Danielle , Smith Cheryl , Avery Ann , Parran Theodore , Funderburg Nicholas , McComsey Grace A. 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Altered gut integrity is central to HIV-related immune activation. Opioids may promote similar changes in gut permeability and/or increase systemic inflammation, potentially augmenting processes already occurring in people with HIV (PWH).

Setting:
Urban hospital systems in Cleveland, Ohio, and surrounding communities.

Methods:
This is a prospectively enrolled, cross-sectional study including people with and without HIV using heroin and people with and without HIV who have never used heroin, matched by age, sex, and CD4+ T-cell count (PWH only) to compare markers of gut integrity, microbial translocation, systemic inflammation, and immune activation.

Results:
A total of 100 participants were enrolled. Active heroin use was associated with higher concentrations of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), beta-D-glucan (BDG), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), soluble tumor necrosis factor-α-receptors I and II, soluble CD163, inflammatory monocytes, and activated CD4+ lymphocytes in adjusted models. HIV status tended to modify the effect between heroin use and LBP, BDG, hsCRP, patrolling monocytes, and activated CD4+ lymphocytes (P < 0.15 for interactions); however, it was not as expected. The effect of heroin on these markers (except patrolling monocytes) was greatest among those without HIV rather than among those with HIV.

Conclusions:
Heroin use is associated with heightened microbial translocation, systemic inflammation, and immune activation. Concurrent HIV infection in virologically suppressed individuals does not seem to substantially worsen the effects heroin has on these markers.
Reproducibility of Automated Breast Ultrasonography and Handheld Ultrasonography for Breast Lesion Size Measurement
Authors: Park Ko Woon , Ko Eun Young , Park Surin , Han Boo-Kyung , Ko Eun Sook , Choi Ji Soo , Kwon Mi-ri 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The purpose of our study was to evaluate the reproducibility of size measurement of breast lesions using automated breast ultrasonography (ABUS) compared with that with handheld ultrasonography (HHUS). Three breast radiologists performed HHUS and measured the lesions size in 2 different phantoms: lesions with various shape, size, and same stiffness (phantom 1) and lesions with same shape, size, and various stiffness (phantom 2). After 1 month, the same radiologists measured the lesion size of the same breast phantoms in the images obtained using ABUS. We evaluated interobserver variability between 3 radiologists in ABUS and HHUS, and intraobserver variability of radiologists between ABUS and HHUS. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used in statistical analysis. The measured size of lesions on HHUS was slightly larger than that on ABUS in both phantom 1 and 2, although not statistically significant (P = 0.314, P = 0.858). There were no significant differences in size measurements between the radiologists' measurements and the reference size in phantom 2 (P = 0.862). The ICCs for the interobserver agreement between the 3 radiologists were 0.98 to 0.99 on ABUS and 0.99 to 1.00 on HHUS, respectively. The ICCs for the intraobserver agreement between ABUS and HHUS were 0.97 to 0.97 in phantom 1 and 0.98 to 0.99 in phantom 2. In conclusion, ABUS showed excellent interobserver and intraobserver agreement with HHUS in measuring size of the lesions, regardless of shape, size, and stiffness. Therefore, ABUS mixed with HHUS can be used reliably in following up breast lesions size.
Polyorchidism
Authors: Aitharaju Varun , Drevna David W. , Barr Richard G. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Polyorchidism, a very rare congenital anomaly, refers to the presence of more than 2 testes. It is often associated with many other pathologies including cryptorchidism, varicocele, testicular malignancy, and inguinal hernias.
In this report, we describe a 40-year-old man who presented with an intermittently painful left groin, initially appearing as inguinal hernia. On ultrasound examination, a supernumerary testes and epididymis were found in the inguinal canal. The testes appeared sonographically normal with no evidence of associated pathologies. There was no evidence of an inguinal hernia containing fat or bowel.
Ultrasound is essential in first-line diagnosis and classification of polyorchidism. Color Doppler ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging can be used to clarify findings if sonographic images are inconclusive. We also review relevant literature as it pertains to classification, embryology, and treatment options. Patient treatment is based on imaging findings; if associated pathologies or malignancy is suspected, aggressive treatment such as surgical excision may be necessary. Otherwise, conservative treatment may be all that is needed.
Evaluation of Diaphragm Thickness and Stiffness Using Ultrasound and Shear-Wave Elastography
Authors: Şendur Halit Nahit , Cerit Mahi Nur , Şendur Aylin Billur , Özhan Oktar Suna , Yücel Cem 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The purposes of this study are to measure the thickness and stiffness of diaphragm in association with the respiratory cyclus and to assess the reproducibility of these measurements. Forty individuals who are volunteered for participating diaphragm evaluation were included in the study. Two radiologists with 14 and 15 years of experiences in abdominal ultrasound performed all examinations independently. Furthermore, 8 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients were examined by only the first radiologist. Gray scale and shear-wave elastography imaging of only the right hemidiaphragm of all participants were performed. Thickness and stiffness of diaphragm were measured at the peak inspiration and end expiration phases. Intraclass correlation coefficients test was used to assess the interobserver agreement. The thickness and stiffness of diaphragm significantly increased with inspiration (P < 0.001). The mean ± SD stiffness of diaphragm in peak inspiration and end expiration phases was 51.84 ± 16.83 kPa and 38.49 ± 9.42 kPa, respectively, for the first radiologist and 49.61 ± 13.83 kPa and 37.52 ± 10.71 kPa, respectively, for the second radiologist. Intraclass correlation coefficient values for diaphragm stiffness were 0.667 and 0.736 in peak inspiration and end expiration phases, respectively. In COPD patients, there was no significant difference between stiffness measurements of respiratory phases. In conclusion, the current study revealed that diaphragm thickness and stiffness increase at inspiration, and these measurements are slightly more reproducible at the end of expiration. However, diaphragm stiffness changes between respiratory phases may not be valid for COPD patients, and this may be related to loss of force-generating capacity of diaphragm in COPD patients.
Role of Apolipoprotein E in the Clinical Profile of Atypical Parkinsonian Syndromes
Authors: Nasri Amina , Sghaier Ikram , Gharbi Alya , Mrabet Saloua , Ben Djebara Mouna , Gargouri Amina , Kacem Imen , Gouider Riadh 
Published: January 2022

Introduction:
Atypical Parkinsonian syndromes (APS) encompass a spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases including dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), multiple system atrophy (MSA), and corticobasal syndrome (CBS). The effects of the Apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene on APS clinical features are controversial and understudied in several populations. We aimed to explore the influence of APOE genotype on clinical features in an APS Tunisian cohort.

Methods:
We included clinically diagnosed APS patients genotyped for APOE, and analyzed the clinical and APOE genotype associations.

Results:
A total of 328 APS patients were included, comprising 184 DLB, 58 PSP, 49 MSA, and 37 CBS. Significant differences in initial Mini-Mental State Examination and Frontal Assessment Battery scores according to APOE genotypes (P=0.05 and 0.0048) were found. Executive dysfunction (P=0.026) disorientation (P=0.025), and hallucinations (P<0.001) were more pronounced among APOE-ɛ4 carriers particularly in DLB. Memory disorders were also correlated to APOE-ɛ4 allele (P=0.048) and were more frequent among DLB and PSP carriers. Depression was associated to APOE-ε4 (P=0.042), more markedly in APOE-ε4-CBS and MSA carriers.

Conclusions:
Our findings suggested a role of APOE-ε4 in defining a more altered cognitive phenotype with variable degrees across subgroups in APS patients, especially in DLB carriers. This effect mainly concerned executive, memory and orientation functions as well as hallucinations.
Quantifying the dynamics of nearly 100 years of dominance hierarchy research
Authors: Hobson Elizabeth A. 
Published: January 2022

Dominance hierarchies have been studied for almost 100 years. The science of science approach used here provides high-level insight into how the dynamics of dominance hierarchy research have shifted over this long timescale. To summarize these patterns, I extracted publication metadata using a Google Scholar search for the phrase ‘dominance hierarchy’, resulting in over 26 000 publications. I used text mining approaches to assess patterns in three areas: (1) general patterns in publication frequency and rate, (2) dynamics of term usage and (3) term co-occurrence in publications across the history of the field. While the overall number of publications per decade continues to rise, the percent growth rate has fallen in recent years, demonstrating that although there is sustained interest in dominance hierarchies, the field is no longer experiencing the explosive growth it showed in earlier decades. Results from title term co-occurrence networks and community structure show that the different subfields of dominance hierarchy research were most strongly separated early in the field’s history while modern research shows more evidence for cohesion and a lack of distinct term community boundaries. These methods provide a general view of the history of research on dominance hierarchies and can be applied to other fields or search terms to gain broad synthetic insight into patterns of interest, especially in fields with large bodies of literature.This article is part of the theme issue ‘The centennial of the pecking order: current state and future prospects for the study of dominance hierarchies’.
DomArchive: a century of published dominance data
Authors: Strauss Eli D. , DeCasien Alex R. , Galindo Gabriela , Hobson Elizabeth A. , Shizuka Daizaburo , Curley James P. 
Published: January 2022

Dominance behaviours have been collected for many groups of animals since 1922 and serve as a foundation for research on social behaviour and social structure. Despite a wealth of data from the last century of research on dominance hierarchies, these data are only rarely used for comparative insight. Here, we aim to facilitate comparative studies of the structure and function of dominance hierarchies by compiling published dominance interaction datasets from the last 100 years of work. This compiled archive includes 436 datasets from 190 studies of 367 unique groups (mean group size 13.8, s.d. = 13.4) of 135 different species, totalling over 243 000 interactions. These data are presented in an R package alongside relevant metadata and a tool for subsetting the archive based on biological or methodological criteria. In this paper, we explain how to use the archive, discuss potential limitations of the data, and reflect on best practices in publishing dominance data based on our experience in assembling this dataset. This archive will serve as an important resource for future comparative studies and will promote the development of general unifying theories of dominance in behavioural ecology that can be grounded in testing with empirical data.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘The centennial of the pecking order: current state and future prospects for the study of dominance hierarchies’.