bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Literature Review: Effectiveness of Chest CT for Triage in the Emergency Departmet (ED) in Patients with Suspected COVID-19
Authors: Lutfiyah Aniq , Purnawan Iwan , Kamaluddin Ridlwan 
Published: April 2022

Background: COVID-19 is caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. The spread of this virus is very fast, so patients come to the Emergency Department (ED) for examination. The initial examination was carried out by triage the patient using the RT-PCR method. Then, there are recent studies that Computed Tomography (CT) can be used as a triage tool and help in the early diagnosis of patients with suspected COVID-19.
Objectives: To determine chest CT for triage in the Emergency Department (ED) in patients with suspected COVID-19.
Method:Search for articles was conducted electronically using Google Scholar, Sience Direct, and PubMed databases. Article used from March 2020 to January 2021. Keywords in this article search used the keywords "chest CT" for "triage" and "emergency department" for "COVID-19" and "chest x-ray" for "triage" and "emergency department" for "COVID-19", thus getting 5 research articles reviewed.
Results: A chest CT that can be used as a triage tool based on the speed at which the chest CT results can be released depicting a confirmed COVID-19 patient in 60 minutes. Second, based on the sensitivity of chest CT there was 90.2% and according to chest CT instructions there was 89%.
Conclusion: Chest CT examination is very effective as the first triage in diagnosing patients with suspected COVID-19.
Mekanisme Koping pada Ibu Menyusui yang Mengalami Covid-19 di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang
Authors: Hidayati Sri , Kusumaningtyas Daniati 
Published: April 2022

Latar belakang - Penyakit coronavirus (COVID-19) adalah penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh virus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2). Penyakit ini ditularkan melalui manusia ke manusia dimana sebagian besar orang yang terinfeksi (COVID-19) akan mengalami gangguan pernapasan ringan hingga sedang dan pada umumnya sembuh tanpa memerlukan perawatan khusus. Infeksi virus corona baru ini dapat dengan mudah menyebar dan menular pada orang lain. Bahkan siapa saja dapat terinfeksi COVID-19, tidak terkecuali ibu yang sedang menyusui. Hal ini menyebabkan munculnya kekhawatiran mengenai dampak virus corona terhadap ibu menyusui dan bayi yang disusuinya. Padahal dari berbagai studi yang telah dilakukan, tidak ditemukan jejak virus dalam ASI Ibu yang telah terinfeksi.
Tujuan – Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui mekanisme koping pada ibu menyusui yang mengalami Covid-19 di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang.
Metoda – Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi, karena penelitian ini ingin mendapatkan data dengan cara memahami pengalaman hidup manusia sebagai individu yang mengalami keadaan yang sebenarnya yaitu pengalaman pasien menyusui yang mengalami COVID-19, dilakukan pada 6 responden.
Hasil – Ibu menyusui yang mengalami covid-19 merespon secara emosional akibat covid-19 yang dideritanya. Ibu menyusui melakukan koping mekanisme terhadap penyakit yang dideritanya melalui sumber koping baik yang bersifat internal maupun eksternal, keyakinan agama, keyakinan untuk sembuh, dan motivasi untuk sembuh dari covid-19. Bentuk dukungan yang diperoleh ibu adalah dukungan internal dari sekitar orang-orang yang ada di sekelilingnya seperti suami dan dukungan eksternal. Ibu menyusui melakukan strategi koping baik yang bersifat adaptif ataupun yang maladaftif. Disarankan untuk optimalisai dukungan dari orang sekitar klien seperti suami untuk mencegah terjadinya respon emosional negative dan strategi koping yang bersifat maladaftif.

Kata Kunci: mekanisme koping, ibu menyusui, covid-19
Assessment of Seroprevalence to SARS-CoV-2 in Various Population Cohorts Using Logit Regression Models During Initial Period of Herd Immunity Formation
Authors: Mishchenko V. A. , Pitersky M. V. , Platonova Т. A. , Smirnova S. S. , Vyalykh I. V. , Bykov I. P. , Vyatkina L. G. , Makhorina T. V. , Orlov A. M. , Popkova N. G. , Semenov A. V. 
Published: April 2022

The aim of the study was to assess the dynamics of seroprevalence to SARS-CoV-2 in various population groups during the initial period of herd immunity formation based on multivariate analysis using logit regression models.Materials and methods. The study involved 1561 individuals divided into three population cohorts: people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA), healthy blood donors, medical workers. The presence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 was determined in blood serum through ELISA using commercial reagent kits. Multivariate analysis of the dynamics of seroprevalence to SARS-CoV-2 was carried out using logistic regression models.Results and discussion. It has been revealed that probability of detecting IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 significantly increased among the donors and medical workers in the spring-autumn 2020 series (p=0.005 и p<0.001, respectively), which corresponds to seroprevalence shift in the general population. Groups of donors and medical workers can be considered as indicator groups that characterize the herd immunity in reference to SARS-CoV-2, as well as the intensity of COVID-19 epidemic process. Seroprevalence to SARS-CoV-2 in PLHA group was at a consistently high level throughout the observation period. The generated logistic regression models made it possible to determine the trends in the development of the epidemic situation based on multifactorial analysis of the dynamics of seroprevalence to SARS-CoV-2.
Design and modeling of a D–shaped PCF refractive index sensor based on SPR effect
Authors: Tondro Amin Sayyad , sadeghi mojtaba , Kamaly Abbas , Adelpour Zahra , Emamghorashi Seyyed Ali 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this article, we propose and study a D–shaped plasmonic refractive index (RI) sensor. The numerical simulation is performed by the finite–element method (FEM). Results indicate that the proposed RI sensor is particularly proper for sensing in the wavelength range of 0.5 to 0.7 μm. When the analyte RI varies from 1.33 to 1.36, the highest wavelength sensitivity of 9500 nm/RIU and RI resolution of 6.5 ×10–6 RIU are obtained. Besides, the highest amplitude sensitivity of 215 RIU–1 is achieved with a high linearity of 0.99862. These results confirm the capability of the proposed sensor for rapid and accurate detection of RI change in biological and industrial applications.
Copper supported on cellulosic beads as a potential catalyst for environmental remediation reactions
Authors: Devard Alejandra , Taleb María Claudia , Olmos Graciela V. , Marchesini Fernanda Albana , Gutierrez Laura 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Regenerated cellulose beads were synthesized for supporting copper as the catalytic active site for environmental remediation reactions. Starting from a commercial dissolving pulp, RC beads were prepared from direct dissolution and both solutions of carbamate and viscose. Copper was added to the supports by a simple green method. The material characterization by FTIR, TGA, SEM and XPS confirmed the successful incorporation of copper in all the prepared supports. The degradation of emerging contaminants (ECs) in water by catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO) was selected as a reaction test. Phenol was adopted as the EC test molecule in the CWPO reaction at 70°C. The results evidenced that the cellulose regeneration route directly affects catalytic yields. The catalysts containing lower than 1 wt.% of copper converted more than 90% of phenol with almost 30% of total mineralization. The novelty and importance of preparing bead-shape catalysts with cellulose reside in the use of an economical, renewable and biodegradable support, and the simple separation of the structured catalyst from the heterogeneous solid/liquid reaction media.
Review of samples sizes used in agreement studies published in the PubMed database
Authors: Han Oscar , Tan Hao Wei , Julious Steven , Sutton Laura , Jacques Richard , Lee Ellen , Lewis Jen , Walters Stephen 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction: A sample size justification is required for all studies and should give the minimum number of subjects to be recruited for the study to achieve its primary objective. This aim of this review is to describe sample sizes from agreement studies with continuous or categorical endpoints published within the PubMed database, and determine whether sample size justification was provided.Methods: Data were gathered from the PubMed database with a time interval of 28th September 2018 to 28th September 2020. The search returned 5257 studies of which 82 studies were eligible for final assessment after duplicates and ineligible studies were excluded.Results: We observed a wide range of sample sizes. Of the 82 studies assessed, only 27 (32.9%) gave justification for their sample size. Forty-six studies (56.1%) used a continuous outcome measure, 28 (34.1%) used categorical and eight (9.8%) used both. Median sample sizes were 50 for continuous endpoints and 119 for categorical endpoints. Bland-Altman limits of agreement were the most common method of statistical analysis for continuous variables and Kappa coefficients for categorical variables.Conclusions: All studies need a sample size justification. Not all studies need a sample size calculation. Despite the importance of a sample size justification we found that two-thirds of agreement studies did not provide one. We recommend that all agreement studies provide rationale for their sample size even if they do not include a formal sample size calculation.
Study on soft tissue symmetry of patients with cleft lip and palate based on stereoscopic photography
Authors: Zhou Lijuan , Cao Yang , Wang Meichao , Guo Ziyuan , Zhang Ximeng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective: In this retrospective study, three-dimensional photography (3dMD) was used to evaluate the facial soft tissue symmetry of unilateral cleft lip with alveolar cleft (UCLA) and unilateral complete cleft lip and palate (UCLP). The differences between the cleft side and non-cleft side were compared, and symmetrical mirror image analysis was performed.Methods: The study comprised 39 patients including 21 patients with UCLA and 18 patients with UCLP. All subjects were scanned by facial stereo photogrammetry to obtain facial soft tissue data and construct a three-dimensional digital model. The characteristic line distance in the three-dimensional direction of facial soft tissue was selected, and 3dMD Vultus software was used to measure the three-dimensional digital model of the maxillofacial soft tissue. The data were statistically analyzed with SPSS 23.0. The measurement indices of bilateral facial symmetry in each group were tested by paired t-test. One patient was selected from each of the two groups for symmetrical mirror image analysis to evaluate the distribution and severity of asymmetry.Results: There were significant differences in nostril, nasal alar and upper lip measurement indices between the two sides in both patient groups. These included the base of the nostril width (Sbal-Sni), nasal alar projection length (Ac-Prn), depth of midface (T-Sn) and all of the lip indices in both UCLA and UCLP groups. The nasal lateral length (En-Ac) was different in the UCLA group whereas the axial length of the nostril (Sbal-C) was different in the UCLP group. According to the mirror image analysis, the facial asymmetry of UCLA patients was identified principally in the ala, nostril and cheilion which was considered as mild asymmetry. Patients with UCLP showed severe asymmetry, including the entire midface. Conclusion: Patients in both study groups continued to show facial soft tissue deformity in three-dimensional evaluation in prepuberty. It was principally manifested, but not limited to, the nasolabial area. The range of asymmetry in patients with UCLP was wider and the degree of asymmetry was greater than in patients with UCLA. The facial malformation of patients in both groups would still require additional improvement with subsequent treatment.
Secondary attack rates of SARS-CoV-2 alpha and delta variants in Japan
Authors: Miyahara Reiko , Tamura Kosuke , Kato Tomoko , Otani Kanako , Ko Yura K , Arima Yuzo , Tani Hideki , Oishi Kazunori , Suzuki Motoi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BackgroundsThis study analysed secondary attack rates (SARs), comparing alpha variants, delta variants and non-variants of concern (non-VOCs), using clinical and close-contact tracing data.MethodsWe analysed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) case data from a database and contact tracing data between July and October 2020 (Cohort 1) and April 2021 (Cohort 2) and between July and August 2021 (Cohort 3) in a city in Toyama prefecture, Japan. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the N501Y (alpha variant) and L452R (delta variant) mutations. We calculated the SARs considering close contact, index case and contact setting characteristics. Relative risks (RRs) of secondary attack were analysed using Poisson regression models.ResultsAmong 123 index cases and 530 close contacts in Cohort 1, 246 index cases and 988 close contacts in Cohort 2, and 304 index cases and 984 close contacts in Cohort 3, the SARs associated with alpha and delta variant index cases were 1.47 times and 1.89 times higher than those associated with non-VOC index cases. Delta variant index cases were associated with the highest SAR (29.2%) in the same household and a 2.40-fold (95% CI: 1.62-3.56) higher risk of transmission than non-VOC index cases. The age and symptoms of index cases were associated with the SAR.ConclusionsWe confirmed that VOC index cases were associated with increased transmissibility. Population longitudinal surveillance data linked with contact-tracing data provide valuable information for elucidation of the characteristics of newly emerging variants.
Teaching to transform surgical culture: An educational programme and thematic analysis in a general surgery department
Authors: Dave Madhav Sanatkumar , Mobarak Ms Shahd , Tarazi Munir , Macutkiewicz Christian 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
IntroductionGeneral surgery departments are busy, meaning educational opportunities may be sporadic. Clinical priorities can sometimes supersede teaching and trainees may feel alienated at the periphery of the working community. In this study, we demonstrate how a reflective, multidisciplinary general surgery teaching programme was established and use this to assess the impact of structured teaching on surgical doctors of all grades in the department. MethodsTwelve semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with participants of varying grades. Transcripts were analysed using a grounded theory thematic analysis, revealing four themes: the value of teaching; learning as a community; barriers to successful training; and culture of surgery. DiscussionTeaching helped juniors construct healthy narratives around general surgery and encouraged a process of professional identity formation. Pairing junior and senior colleagues allowed both to develop their skills, and reflective learning revealed new learning opportunities. Transparency across the ‘community of practice’ was achieved and the programme helped juniors overcome negative stereotypes of intimidation embedded in the hidden surgical curriculum.Conclusion Reflective, multidisciplinary learning can challenge the hidden curriculum and encourage team cohesion. A commitment to critical reflective teaching will be vital in cultivating surgeons of the future.
Are bubbles the future of dysphagia rehabilitation: A systematic review analysing evidence on the use of carbonated liquids in dysphagia rehabilitation.
Authors: Price Kathryn , Isbister Grace , Long Susannah , Mirams John , Smithard David 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
IntroductionDysphagia poses a huge health issue in our ageing population, impacting patients psychologically and through risk of aspiration, malnutrition and airway obstruction. The use of carbonated liquids to provide sensory enhancement as a tool to stimulate neuromuscular activity in dysphagia rehabilitation remains an area with limited research. This article reviews current evidence.MethodA data search of PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE and Cochrane was undertaken with set search terms. Abstracts were reviewed and selected by two clinicians according to inclusion criteria and papers were assessed using PRISMA methodology8 listed in Fig. 1.ResultsSelected publications (1992–2019) involved a median of 29 participants with predominantly neurogenic dysphagia. Despite the differences in study designs all used videofluroscopy (VF) to assess outcome measures. Majority of studies were small scale but showed encouraging results. However, there was heterogeneity between specific outcome measures. One study surveyed taste which was overall positively received.DiscussionThere continues to remain limited evidence to direct the use of carbonated liquids in rehabilitation of dysphagia, however its role in head and neck tumor recovery shows some promise. The heterogeneity of not just study designs but also study participants seems to be a primary barrier. Whilst evidence is encouraging, further prospective studies standardising patient cohorts, methodologies and standarised quantitative outcome measures must be carried out. Longitudinal studies to look at the role of carbonated liquids in secretion management is another area of potential interest. In conclusion the use of carbonated liquid in dysphagia rehabilitation may have a potential role but without firm evidence based research, successful use in clinical practice cannot be implemented.
Ethnobotanical Survey of Plants Used in Magico- Religious Practices in Kullu District of Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Thakur Smriti , Jamwal Radhika , Negi Subodh 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Worshipping of plants is an age old tradition of ancient India, which has taken a deep-root in believes, tradition and culture of India. This has provided the natives a need to undertake the traditional conservation practices, in the form of sacred grooves, which are forest areas protected by the rural communities since they believe that area to be the abode of their deities. This encourages interdependence between the forest and the local people for their livelihood. At the same time, it protects the delicate ecological balance, which has a key role to play in the sustainable development of mankind, but due to urbanization and modernization we are losing the sacred and valuable knowledge at a rapid pace, hence the need to document and preserve this diminishing sacred knowledge. The present study was done in and around Kullu region, of district Kullu (H.P.) India, lying between 31.2432°N and 32.2432°N latitude and 77.1455°E and 77.1892°E longitude covering an area of around 3,561 km² area. The study area Kullu, is also known as “Devbhoomi'' the land of Gods. Local inhabitants show hugh reverence and belief in their local deities which they consider supreme. For pleasing and worshipping these local ‘devats’, these people use various plants which are considered sacred hence utilized in various religious ceremonies. Thus, contribute immensely in the conserve of many plants while fulfilling their values in magico-religious beliefs. To maintain these age-old faiths, people of these areas harvest plants, sustainably and economically. The paper includes the list of around 75 species of 46 families that have been reported from three tehsils of Kullu region. These plants are used for Magico-religious beliefs along with their medicinal value, thus helping in ex-situ conservation of plants and sustainable development of the area.
Impact of Rapid Molecular Testing on Diagnosis, Treatment and Management of Community Acquired Pneumonia in Norway: a pragmatic randomised controlled trial
Authors: Serigstad Sondre , Ritz Christian , Faurholt-Jepsen Daniel , Markussen Dagfinn , Ebbesen Marit Helen , Kommedal Øyvind , Bjørneklett Rune Oskar , Heggelund Lars , Clark Tristan W. , Werkhoven Cornelis Henri van , Knoop Siri Tandberg , Ulvestad Elling , Grewal Harleen M.S. , Group . CAPNOR Study 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) causes a large burden of disease. Due to difficulties in obtaining representative respiratory samples and insensitive standard microbiological methods, the microbiological aetiology of CAP is difficult to ascertain. With a few exceptions, standard of care diagnostics are too slow to influence initial decisions on antimicrobial therapy. The management of CAP is therefore largely based on empirical treatment guidelines. Empiric antimicrobial therapy is often initiated in the primary care setting, affecting diagnostic tests based on conventional bacterial culture in hospitalized patients. Implementing rapid molecular testing may improve both the proportion of positive tests and the time it takes to obtain test results. Both measures are important for initiation of pathogen-targeted antibiotics, involving rapid de-escalation or escalation of treatment, which may improve antimicrobial stewardship and potentially, patient outcome.
Methods
Patients presenting to the emergency department of Haukeland University Hospital (HUH) in Bergen, Norway will be screened for inclusion into a pragmatic randomised controlled trial (RCT). Eligible patients with a suspicion of CAP will be included and randomised to receive either standard of care methods (standard microbiological testing), or standard of care methods in addition to testing by the rapid and comprehensive real-time multiplex PCR panel, the BioFire® FilmArray® Pneumonia panel plus (FAP plus) (bioMérieux S.A., Marcy-l’Etoile, France). The results of the FAP plus will be communicated directly to the treating staff within ~ 2 hours of sampling.
Discussion
We will examine if rapid use of FAP plus panel in hospitalized patients with suspected CAP, can improve both the time to and the proportion of patients receiving pathogen-directed treatment, thereby shortening the exposure to unnecessary antibiotics and the length of hospital admission, compared to the standard of care arm. The pragmatic design together with broad inclusion criteria and a straightforward intervention could make our results generalizable to other similar centres.
Trial registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier number: NCT04660084). Registered on December 9, 2020. URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04660084