bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artificial Intelligence Approaches in Drug Discovery: Towards the Laboratory
of the Future
Authors: Frusciante Luisa , Visibelli Anna , Geminiani Michela , Santucci Annalisa , Spiga Ottavia 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
The role of computational tools in the drug discovery and development process is becoming central, thanks to the possibility to analyze large amounts of data. The high throughput and affordability of current omics technologies, allowing quantitative measurements of many putative targets, has exponentially increased the volume of scientific data available. The quality of the data and
the speed with which in silico predictions can be validated in vitro is instrumental in accelerating
clinical laboratory medicine, significantly and substantially impacting Precision Medicine (PM).
PM affords the basis to develop new drugs by providing a wide knowledge of the patient as an essential step towards individualized medicine. It is, therefore, essential to collect as much information and data as possible on each patient to identify the causes of the different responses to drugs
from a pharmacogenomics perspective and to identify biological biomarkers capable of accurately
describing the risk signals to develop specific diseases. Furthermore, the role of biomarkers in early
drug discovery is increasing, as they can significantly reduce the time it takes to develop new drugs.
This review article will discuss how Artificial Intelligence fits in the drug discovery pipeline, covering the benefits of an automated, integrated laboratory framework where the application of Machine
Learning methodologies to interpret omics-based data can avail the future perspective of Translational Precision Medicine.
The Role of Cartilage Stem/Progenitor Cells in Cartilage Repair in
Osteoarthritis
Authors: Hu Ning , Qiu Jingwen , Xu Bo , Zhang Shunhao , Guo Zijian , Xie Jing , Yang Wenbin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by the loss of cartilage, which
seriously affects the quality of patient's life and may even cause permanent sequelae. The treatment of OA
is diversified, mostly limited to relieving clinical symptoms. Less invasive treatments that can cure OA
are still lacking. With the rise of tissue-cell engineering, stem cell therapy has gradually aroused great
interest in treating OA. Cartilage stem/progenitor cells (CSPCs), a type of stem cell found on the surface
of articular cartilage, have many similarities with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). These cells can be
isolated and cultured from animals and humans and exist in articular cartilage over the body, such as the
knee joint, patellofemoral joint, and temporomandibular joint. Due to their strong proliferative and chondrogenic
differentiation abilities, CSPCs may contribute a lot to cartilage regeneration and repair in OA.
We will provide an overview of the biological characteristics of CSPCs and their role in OA in combination
with the research progress. Despite some existing limitations, CSPCs still offer an innovative idea for
OA treatment with great advantages.
Cognitive Remediation Virtual Reality Tool a Recovery-Oriented Project for People with Bipolar Disorder: Protocol of a Feasibility Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Perra Alessandra , De Lorenzo Valerio , Zaccheddu Rosanna , Locci Aurora , Piludu Federica , Preti Antonio , Di Natale Lorenzo , Galetti Alessia , Nardi Antonio Egidio , Cossu Giulia , Sancassiani Federica , Barbato Simone , Cesaretti Ottavio , Kurotshka Peter Konstantin , Carta Mauro G. 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
Cognitive deficits are considered a fundamental component of bipolar disorder due to the fact that they negatively impact personal/social functioning. Cognitive remediation interventions are effective in the treatment of various psychosocial disorders, including bipolar disorder. The use of Virtual reality as a rehabilitation tool has produced scientific evidence in recent years, especially in cardiovascular, neurological, and musculoskeletal rehabilitation. This study aims at evaluating the feasibility of a Cognitive Remediation Virtual Reality Program (CEREBRUM) for people with bipolar disorder in psychiatric rehabilitation.

Material and Methods:
Feasibility randomized controlled cross-over clinical study; we randomized 50 people from the Consultation and Psychosomatic Psychiatry Center of the University Hospital of Cagliari (San Giovanni di Dio Civil Hospital) with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder. We propose a cognitive remediation program in virtual reality (CEREBRUM), 3 months with 2 weekly sessions, for the experimental group and a usual care program for the control group (psychiatric visit and/or psychotherapy).

Results:
The results of the trial will be published in international peer-reviewed journals and will be disseminated at international meetings and congress.

Discussion:
This RCT aims, with regards to its feasibility and design, to provide information about a confirmatory trial that evaluates the effectiveness of a Virtual Reality Cognitive Remediation program in psychiatric rehabilitation for the treatment of cognitive dysfunction in people with bipolar disorder.

Conclusion:
The results that we analyzed at the end of the RCT will have an impact on psychiatric rehabilitation research with a focus on improving the application of technologies for mental health.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrialsgov NCT05070065, registered on September 2021.
Atorvastatin's Reduction of Alzheimer's Disease and Possible Alteration
of Cognitive Function in Midlife as well as its Treatment
Authors: Shah Umang , Shah Aneri , Patel Sandip , Patel Alkesh , Patel Mehul , Solanki Nilay , Patel Swayamprakash , Patel Ashish , Patel Veena , Patel Bhavesh 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Over the past 20 years, advances in the field of pathogenesis have inspired researchers to
look into novel pharmacological therapeutics that are more focused on the pathophysiological events
of the disease (AD). This review article discussed the prior use of statins for the prevention of Alzheimer's
disease, which can help prevent the disease. Other drugs, such as memantine and donepezil, are
available, but they cannot prevent the onset of AD in middle age. Based on available clinical data, the
valuable effects of statins are mediated by alteration of β-amyloid (Aβ) and tau metabolism, genetic
and lifestyle risk factors, along with other clinical aspects of AD. These findings suggested that using
statins in middle age may help to prevent Alzheimer's disease by modifying genetic and non-genetic
risk factors in later stages of life. In the present review, we elaborated upon the modification of risk
factors and amyloid metabolism in the development and progression of AD and their modulation
through atorvastatin. Future directions in the research and treatment of Alzheimer's disease patients
include the use of antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) to change target expression, and researchers discovered
decreased markers of oxidative stress in tissues affected by tau pathology in response to RNA
interference treatment.
A Review of Thermal Effect of Hydrostatic Bearing
Authors: Yang Xiaodong , Zhang Jian , Liu Hongbo , Liu Xianli , Liu Feilin , Liu Wei Feng 
Published: October 2022

Background:
With the continuous development of the modern machinery industry, the technical level of rotating machinery is increasing. As a key component of the bearing system and power transmission system in rotating machinery, the hydrostatic bearing has higher performance requirements in all aspects. When the system is working normally, due to the shearing effect of the lubricating oil driven by the spindle rotation, a large amount of heat will be generated. The system will generate thermal effects on the bearing through heat accumulation and heat conduction. The thermal effect will directly reduce the viscosity of the hydraulic oil, affecting the bearing capacity. Seriously, it will cause thermal deformation of the parts, which will affect the normal operation of the bearing, and even cause an accident.

Objective:
Analysis and discussion on the thermal effect of hydrostatic bearing in recent years

Method:
More than 70 recently published patents were reviewed, as well as journal and conference papers on hydrostatic bearings. The results of temperature fields, pressure fields, deformation, lubrication, bearing capacity and friction were studied.

Results:
This review summarizes the research results from three aspects: the influencing factor of temperature rise, the influence of temperature rise on bearing structure and performance, and the effective control of temperature rise.

Conclusion:
The relevant research methods are analyzed. The problem of thermal effect of hydrostatic bearing is summarized and prospected, and the future development can be expected.
Magnitude of Multidrug-resistant Bacterial Uropathogens and Associated Factors in Urinary Tract Infection Suspected Adult HIV-Positive Patients in Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Simeneh Elias , Gezimu Tigist , Woldemariam Melat , Alelign Dagninet 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Due to the reduction of their immunity, people living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are more susceptible to acquiring urinary tract infections (UTI). Moreover, the emergence of drug-resistant bacterial uropathogens has grown widely and now constitutes a severe clinical problem among HIV-positive patients.

Methods:
An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the ART clinic of Arba Minch General Hospital from 1st January to 30th May, 2021. A total of 251 adult HIV-positive patients clinically suspected of having UTIs were systematically recruited. Socio-demographic and other factors were collected by a pre-tested structured questionnaire. A clean-catch mid-stream urine sample was collected and inoculated onto blood agar, MacConkey agar, and cysteine lactose electrolyte deficient agar (CLED). The inoculated culture media were incubated aerobically at 37°C for 24 hrs. After overnight incubation, significant bacteriuria, 105 CFU/ml, was considered. Bacterial identification was made by standard protocols. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by Kirby Bauer’s disk diffusion method. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 25. A P-value less than 0.05 was used as statistical significance.

Results:
The overall magnitude of multidrug-resistant (MDR) uropathogens was found to be 14.3%, with a 95% CI (10-19.1). Gram-negative bacteria (83.3%) were the predominant MDR isolates, with E. coli (41.7%) followed by K. pneumoniae (22.2%). All isolates of S. aureus and two-thirds of the isolated CoNS were MDR. A total of 30% and 16.7% of Gram-negative isolates were ESBL and carbapenemase producers, respectively, whereas 50% and 33.3% of isolated S. aureus and CoNS were methicillin-resistant, respectively. Antibiotic use in the previous 6 months [AOR = 6.7, 95% CI: (2.53-17.6)], presence of chronic underlying disease [AOR = 7.03, 95% CI: (1.72-28.73)], antibiotic use without a prescription [AOR = 9.7, 95% CI: (3.53-26.675)], CD4+ counts less than 250 cells/mm3 [AOR = 8.05, 95% CI: (2.078–31.154)], and CD4+ count in between 250-500 cells/mm3 [AOR = 2.49, 95% CI: (1.05-5.923)] were found to be statistically significant associated with MDR uropathogens.

Conclusion:
This study found a significant number of multidrug-resistant uropathogens, indicating that healthcare providers should be aware of this and take urgent action to minimize resistance spread, as well as consider current empirical antibiotic therapy for UTI in HIV-positive patients.
Fathoming the Role of mTOR in Diabetes Mellitus and its Complications
Authors: Faheem  , Sivasubrmanian Shanthi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Mechanistic/Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) orchestrates cellular homeostasis
by controlling cell growth, proliferation, metabolism, and survival by integrating various growth
factors, nutrients and amino acids. Eccentric synchronization of mTOR has been incriminated in
various diseases/disorders like cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and diabetes mellitus and its
complications. Recent reports also highlight the role of mTOR in diabetes and its associated complications.
This review tries to fathom the role of mTOR signaling in diabetes mellitus and its
complications- diabetic cardiomyopathy, diabetic nephropathy, and diabetic retinopathy and highlights
mTOR as a putative target for the development of novel anti-diabetic drug candidates.
Pulses as Sustainable Protein Sources: Benefits, Drawbacks, and Gaps
Authors: Karakaya Sibel 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Pulses have redeemed the interest in terms of a sustainable and healthy diet due to their
high protein content. Furthermore, the vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals they contain also make
them more valuable nutritionally. A sustainable diet should improve public health and food security
and has a low environmental footprint. Pulses have been considered one of the emerging plant food
proteins. Although they have beneficial components such as vitamins, minerals, phytochemicals, and
antioxidants, many drawbacks limit their use to consumers and the food industry. One of the drawbacks
is their incomplete proteins due to the lack of sulfur-containing amino acids in their protein profile.
Furthermore, the protein digestibility of pulses is low due to the antinutritional compounds they
contain. The other drawback of pulses is their beany flavor and bitter taste that limits the acceptability
of consumers. From the consumer's point of view, the other disadvantage is the laborious and timeconsuming
preparation period.

:
This article provides a concise overview of the current state of knowledge on pulses as sustainable
protein sources, underlining the gaps that limit their extensive application in the food industry. Based
on the available scientific facts on pulses, finding an efficient method for removing beany flavor and
overall sensorial acceptability and antinutritional factors, thus increasing protein digestibility is crucial.
The most promising option to increase pulse protein digestibility seems to combine conventional
and novel technologies that can modulate digestibility by different mechanisms, such as the removal
of antinutritional factors, protein denaturation, and the design of the food matrix.
Food Delivery Drivers’ Health Literacy Regarding COVID-19 Prevention and Protective Behaviors During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-sectional Survey in Southern Thailand
Authors: Jandee Kasemsak , Thanapop Chamnong 
Published: October 2022

Background
In 2019, COVID-19 spread worldwide, causing a pandemic that has posed unprecedented challenges and pressure for health systems and economies. Food delivery services have become an important medium for consumer food purchases to limit human-to-human contact. Thus, delivery drivers are at high risk of exposure to COVID-19 infection at work. To the best of our knowledge, no studies have analyzed the dimensions of health literacy (HL) regarding COVID-19 prevention in this population.

Objective
This study aims to explore the HL status toward COVID-19 prevention and its associated factors among food delivery drivers in southern Thailand.

Methods
Following a cross-sectional survey from July to August 2021, Thai food delivery drivers in the upper-south and lower-south regions of southern Thailand were recruited to participate during the compulsory COVID-19 lockdown. An online structured questionnaire was administered verbally and recorded by the interviewer. Univariate and multivariate linear regressions were used to explore independently associated factors.

Results
Of 401 drivers, 291 (72.6%) were men. The median age was 31 years (range 19-64 years). The median number of months working as a driver was 12 months, and the median number of working hours was 9 hours per day. The median number of daily food orders was 20, while the median daily income was Thai baht (THB) 600 (US $15.90). Social media (Facebook and Line) was a common source of health information. The most common information required was about the COVID-19 vaccine, medications, and treatment. Most drivers (285/401, 71.1%) had excellent HL levels regarding COVID-19 prevention. Only the practical application of information was statistically correlated with behavior (r=0.38, P<.001). Drivers in the lower south of Thailand were more likely to have excellent HL than other drivers (β=7.03, P<.001). Those who frequently accessed information through YouTube (β=–2.17, P=.01) and relatives (β=–4.19, P<.001) were less likely to have excellent HL levels.

Conclusions
Understanding HL among food delivery drivers would be useful for planning effective interventions that target this population. Conventional health education through social media alone may not be effective at educating people about COVID-19 prevention. Information literacy skills could determine individuals’ HL and drivers’ behaviors.
Effects of dietary avocado meal on production performance, carcass traits, muscle fatty acid composition and gene expression of pigs
Authors: Lemus-Flores Clemente , Bugarín Prado Job Oswaldo , Grageola Núñez Fernando , Mejía Martínez Karina , Valdivia Bernal Roberto , Segura Correa José Candelario 
Published: October 2022

Dietary avocado meal (AM) may improve growth and muscle fatty acid composition in pigs due to the expression of genes. Transcriptome analysis of Longissimus dorsi muscle and liver and the effect of 0, 5 and 10 % AM in the feed of Landrace-Yorkshire pigs on growth, carcass, muscle fatty acid composition and blood metabolites were evaluated. Twenty-four castrated males with an initial weight of 55 ± 3 kg were distributed under a completely random design. Transcriptome analysis was carried out with massive sequencing, with EdgeR and DESeq2 methods for differentially gene expression (DGE; P ≤ 0.01, log2 fold change ≤ 1.5). We observed higher DGE in both tissues, with down log2 fold change, by including 5 or 10 % AM in the diet against AM0. Genes associated with lipid metabolism (down ANO3; up GOS2, MYLIP, PLIN4), growth (down FOS, MT1A, MT1D, PHGDH; up ARNTL) circadian clock (down DBP, NOCT, PER1, PER2, PER3, SIK1; up ARNTL), immune system (down CD163, CRP, OTUD1; up C1QTNF7, NFIL3) and antioxidative activity (up HP and NCF4) were observed. The inclusion of AM in the diets increased daily gain, feed intake, slaughtered body weight, carcass weight and ham (P < 0.05). Back fat was greater for AM10 (P < 0.001). AM in the diet decreased intramuscular fat and had less triglycerides in the blood (P < 0.05). AM10 in the diet modified the gene expression and quality of the IMF, had more linoleic acid, total fatty acids Ω6, ∑polyunsaturated fatty acids, PUFA/SFA, and PUFA/MUFA (P < 0.001)
Recognition of mRNA Splice Variant and Secretory Granule Epitopes by CD4+ T Cells in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Guyer Perrin , Arribas-Layton David , Manganaro Anthony , Speake Cate , Lord Sandra , Eizirik Decio L. , Kent Sally C. , Mallone Roberto , James Eddie A. 
Published: October 2022

A recent discovery effort resulted in identification of novel splice variant and secretory granule antigens within the HLA class I peptidome of human islets and documentation of their recognition by CD8+ T cells from peripheral blood and human islets. In the current study, we applied a systematic discovery process to identify novel CD4+ T cell epitopes derived from these candidate antigens. We predicted 145 potential epitopes spanning unique splice junctions and within conventional secretory granule antigens and measured their in vitro binding to DRB1*04:01. We generated HLA class II tetramers for the 35 peptides with detectable binding and used these to assess immunogenicity and isolate T cell clones. Tetramers corresponding to peptides with verified immunogenicity were then used to label T cells specific for these putative epitopes in peripheral blood. T cells that recognize distinct epitopes derived from a cyclin I splice variant, neuroendocrine convertase 2, and urocortin-3 were detected at frequencies that were similar to those of an immunodominant proinsulin epitope. Cells specific for these novel epitopes predominantly exhibited a Th1-like surface phenotype. Among the three epitopes, responses to the cyclin I peptide exhibited a distinct memory profile. Responses to neuroendocrine convertase 2 were detected among pancreatic infiltrating T cells. These results further establish the contribution of unconventional antigens to the loss of tolerance in autoimmune diabetes.
Oleosin Expression Patterns and Size of Oil Bodies as a Factor in Determining Oil Content in Safflower (Carthamus Tinctorius L.) Genotypes
Authors: Mosupiemang Marang , Malambane Goitseone , Mathapa Baghali G. , Emongor Vallantino E. 
Published: October 2022

The climate crisis and the Ukraine war have shown the vulnerability of various crop commodities. One of those badly affected is cooking oil, leading to a shortage in several countries. This coupled with the need for healthier cooking oil, increases proportionally with the world population and has resulted in escalated cooking oil prices. Thus, continued evaluation of alternative oil crops that can do well in marginal lands becomes a vital practice to undertake. Safflower is one of the marginalized oil crops with high-quality oil containing essential fatty acids beneficial to human health. Screening safflower genotypes for oil content is critical for its breeding and adoption in non-native areas. Therefore, this study delineates the relationship between oleosin genes and oil bodies in regulating the oil content of safflower seeds. Oleosin genes and oil bodies from the seeds of five safflower genotypes were isolated and quantified using qPCR and fluorescence microscope respectively, and evaluated against the seed oil content. The results showed an inverse relationship where smaller oil bodies were displayed by genotypes with high oil content. A high relative expression of oleosin genes was observed in genotypes with high oil content (Kenya-9819 and Gila). Of the eight Ctoleosin genes that were studied, it was observed that Ctoleosin genes (1, 4, 6, 7, and 8) were highly reliable in characterizing safflower genotypes based on the oil content. Kenya-9819 and Gila genotypes were found to have high oil potential and this was confirmed by a higher accumulation of the oleosin gene. A high correlation coefficient between oleosin, oil content, and oil body was also observed in this study. The findings suggest that selected oleosin genes and oil bodies are important traits to consider when characterizing oil seed crops for oil content.
PARADIGMA GURU DAN ORANGTUA TERHADAP PENERAPAN UNDANG-UNDANG PERLINDUNGAN ANAK DI SEKOLAH
Authors: Munawir Ahmad 
Published: October 2022

Acts of violence involving students in schools have an impact on the pattern of teacher education and the mindset of parents of students on the education system with the child protection law. Therefore, this study aims at describing the pattern of teacher education and the mindset of students’ parents towards the application of child protection laws in schools. The research used descriptive qualitative research with library research. The results of the study shows that the child protection law has changed the pattern of teacher education and the mindset of parents of students towards the educational process that occurs in schools. The child protection law does not give the freedom for teachers to take decisive action and to give punishment to students; and it is used by the parents of students as a tool to criminalize teachers