bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cranioplasty Outcomes From 500 Consecutive Neuroplastic Surgery Patients
Authors: Belzberg Micah , Mitchell Kerry-Ann , Ben-Shalom Netanel , Asemota Anthony O. , Wolff Amir Y. , Santiago Gabriel F. , Shay Tamir , Huang Judy , Manson Paul N. , Brem Henry , Gordon Chad R. 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Cranioplasty is critical to cerebral protection and restoring intracranial physiology, yet this procedure is fraught with a high risk of complications. The field of neuroplastic surgery was created to improve skull and scalp reconstruction outcomes in adult neurosurgical patients, with the hypothesis that a multidisciplinary team approach could help decrease complications.

Objective:
To determine outcomes from a cohort of cranioplasty surgeries performed by a neuroplastic surgery team using a consistent surgical technique and approach.

Methods:
The authors reviewed 500 consecutive adult neuroplastic surgery cranioplasties that were performed between January 2012 and September 2020. Data were abstracted from a prospectively maintained database. Univariate analysis was performed to determine association between demographic, medical, and surgical factors and odds of revision surgery.

Results:
Patients were followed for an average of 24 months. Overall, there was a reoperation rate of 15.2% (n = 76), with the most frequent complications being infection (7.8%, n = 39), epidural hematoma (2.2%, n = 11), and wound dehiscence (1.8%, n = 9). New onset seizures occurred in 6 (1.2%) patients.
Several variables were associated with increased odds of revision surgery, including lower body mass ratio, 2 or more cranial surgeries, presence of hydrocephalus shunts, scalp tissue defects, large-sized skull defect, and autologous bone flaps. importantly, implants with embedded neurotechnology were not associated with increased odds of reoperation.

Conclusions:
These results allow for comparison of multiple factors that impact risk of complications after cranioplasty and lay the foundation for development of a cranioplasty risk stratification scheme. Further research in neuroplastic surgery is warranted to examine how designated centers concentrating on adult neuro-cranial reconstruction and multidisciplinary collaboration may lead to improved cranioplasty outcomes and decreased risks of complications in neurosurgical patients.
National Network of Depression Centers' Recommendations on Harmonizing Clinical Documentation of Electroconvulsive Therapy
Authors: Zandi Peter P. , Morreale Michael , Reti Irving M. , Maixner Daniel F. , McDonald William M. , Patel Paresh D. , Achtyes Eric , Bhati Mahendra T. , Carr Brent R. , Conroy Susan K. , Cristancho Mario , Dubin Marc J. , Francis Andrew , Glazer Kara , Ingram Wendy , Khurshid Khurshid , McClintock Shawn M. , Pinjari Omar F. , Reeves Kevin , Rodriguez Nelson F. , Sampson Shirlene , Seiner Stephen J. , Selek Salih , Sheline Yvette , Smetana Roy W. , Soda Takahiro , Trapp Nicholas T. , Wright Jesse H. , Husain Mustafa , Weiner Richard D. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a highly therapeutic and cost-effective treatment for severe and/or treatment-resistant major depression. However, because of the varied clinical practices, there is a great deal of heterogeneity in how ECT is delivered and documented. This represents both an opportunity to study how differences in implementation influence clinical outcomes and a challenge for carrying out coordinated quality improvement and research efforts across multiple ECT centers. The National Network of Depression Centers, a consortium of 26+ US academic medical centers of excellence providing care for patients with mood disorders, formed a task group with the goals of promoting best clinical practices for the delivery of ECT and to facilitate large-scale, multisite quality improvement and research to advance more effective and safe use of this treatment modality. The National Network of Depression Centers Task Group on ECT set out to define best practices for harmonizing the clinical documentation of ECT across treatment centers to promote clinical interoperability and facilitate a nationwide collaboration that would enable multisite quality improvement and longitudinal research in real-world settings. This article reports on the work of this effort. It focuses on the use of ECT for major depressive disorder, which accounts for the majority of ECT referrals in most countries. However, most of the recommendations on clinical documentation proposed herein will be applicable to the use of ECT for any of its indications.
Analyzing county-wide trends in Tennessee Covid-19 rates, Median Household Income, and Presence of Hospital
Authors: Brahmbhatt Viraj 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe Covid-19 pandemic has caused millions of deaths and infections worldwide. Recent studies suggest that Covid-19 may be disproportionately affecting certain groups. The Tennessee Department of Health regularly publishes data on Covid infections and vaccinations. This data alongside data published from the 2010 census was used to analyze trends in Covid-19 rates for the State of Tennessee. The census data for the average household income of each county was cross-referenced with the covid data. A positive correlation between population of the county and the number of new cases reported on January 3rd, 2022, appeared when observing the data. A regression analysis (ANOVA) revealed that the data on population and covid rate was significant (P-value: 2.69E-10). The results from comparing the covid rates in a county with a hospital and a county without a hospital seemed to be the most significant. The data reported by the Sycamore institute on the Tennessee counties without a hospital was used to identify trends unique to these counties. The counties lacking a hospital were compared with counties with a similar population. 7 hospital-less counties were used for comparison, 6 counties (Fayette, Grainger, Haywood, Chester, Sequatchie, Clay) reported a greater number of cases than counties of a similar population. Of the 20 counties lacking a hospital, 16 fell within the bottom 50% of median household incomes, with 9 in the bottom 25% and 4 in the bottom 10%. Healthcare sites in rural areas may lack fundamental infrastructure. These areas may require unique interventions to address the healthcare concerns present.
SARS-CoV-2 IgG seroprevalence in the Okinawa Main Island and remote islands in Okinawa, Japan, 2020-2021
Authors: Mizumoto Kenji , Shimakawa Yusuke , Aizawa Yoshiaki , Butcher Christian , Chibana Naomi , Collins Mary , Kameya Kohei , Kim Tae Gyun , Koyama Satoshi , Matsuyama Ryota , Matthews Melissa M. , Mori Tomoari , Nagamoto Tetsuharu , Narita Masashi , Omori Ryosuke , Shibata Noriko , Shibata Satoshi , Shiiki Souichi , Takakura Syunichi , Toyozato Naoki , Tsuchiya Hiroyuki , Wolf Matthias , Yokoyama Shuhei , Yonaha Sho , Takayama Yoshihiro 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe estimated the seroprevalence of anti-SARS-COV-2 IgG in different island groups in Okinawa and described its changes over time. A cross-sectional sero-survey was repeated in three distinct periods between July 2020 and February 2021. A total of 2683 serum samples were collected from six referral medical centers, each covering a separate region in Okinawa. Patients who visited the emergency department for any reason and underwent blood collection were eligible for the study. Samples were analyzed using an FDA-authorized two-step enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) protocol. The case detection ratio was computed by dividing the seroprevalence by the attack rate obtained from publicly available surveillance data. In the main island, the seroprevalence was 0.0% (0/392, 95% CI: 0.0-0.9), 0.6% (8/1448, 0.2-1.1), and 1.4% (8/582, 0.6-2.7) at the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd sero-survey, respectively. In the remote islands, the seroprevalence was 0.0% (0/144, 95% CI: 0.0-2.5) and 1.6% (2/123, 0.2-5.8) at the 2nd and 3rd survey, respectively. The overall case detection ratios at the 3rd survey were 2.7 (95% CI: 1.3-5.3) in the main island and 2.8 (0.7-11.1) in the remote islands. The highest age-specific case detection ratio was observed in people aged 20-29 years (8.3, 95% CI: 3.3-21.4) in the main island and in those aged 50-59 years (14.1, 2.1-92.7) in the remote islands. The low seroprevalence at the latest survey suggested that a large-scale epidemic had not yet occurred in Okinawa by February 2021. The case detection ratios imply that the cumulative number of incident cases in Okinawa should be 2-3 times higher than that reported by routine surveillance. The ratio was particularly high in young people probably due to a frequent asymptomatic/mild COVID-19 disease in this age group. To accurately measure the scale of the COVID-19 epidemic, it is crucially important to conduct a sero-survey targeting the young.
Development and validation of a modified Cambridge Multimorbidity Score for use with internationally recognized electronic health record clinical terms (SNOMED CT)
Authors: Tsang Ruby S. M. , Joy Mark , Whitaker Heather , Sheppard James P. , Williams John , Sherlock Julian , Mayor Nikhil , Meza-Torres Bernardo , Button Elizabeth , Williams Alice J. , Kar Debasish , Delanerolle Gayathri , McManus Richard , Hobbs F. D. Richard , de Lusignan Simon 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundPeople with multiple health conditions are more likely to have poorer health outcomes and greater care and service needs; a reliable measure of multimorbidity would inform management strategies and resource allocation. This study aims to develop and validate a modified version of the Cambridge Multimorbidity Score in an extended age range, using clinical terms which are routinely used in electronic health records across the world (SNOMED CT).Methods and FindingsWe curated new variables describing 37 health conditions and modelled the associations between these and 1-year mortality risk using the Cox proportional hazard model in a development dataset (n=300,000). We then developed two simplified models – a 20-condition model as per the original Cambridge Multimorbidity Score, and a variable reduction model using backward elimination with Akaike information criterion as the stopping criterion. The results were compared and validated for 1-year mortality in a synchronous validation dataset (n=150,000), and for 1-year and 5-year mortality in an asynchronous validation dataset (n=150,000).Our final variable reduction model retained 21 conditions, and the conditions mostly overlapped with those in the 20-condition model. The model performed similarly to the 37- and 20-condition models, showing high discrimination and good calibration following recalibration.ConclusionsThis modified version of the Cambridge Multimorbidity Score allows reliable estimation using clinical terms which can be applied internationally across multiple healthcare settings.
Investigating neurophysiological effects of a short course of tDCS for cognition in schizophrenia: a target engagement study
Authors: Hoy Kate E , Coyle Hannah , Gainsford Kirsten , Hill Aron T , Bailey Neil W , Fitzgerald Paul B 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundCognitive impairment is highly prevalent in schizophrenia and treatment options are severely limited. Development of effective treatments will rely on successful engagement of biological targets. There is growing evidence that the cognitive impairments in schizophrenia are related to impairments in prefrontal cortical inhibition and dysfunctional cortical oscillations.MethodsIn the current study we sought to investigate whether a short course of transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) could modulate these pathophysiological targets. Thirty participants with schizophrenia were recruited and underwent neurobiological assessment (Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation combined with EEG [TMS-EEG] and task-related EEG) and assessment of cognitive functioning (n-back task and the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery). Participants were then randomized to receive 5 sessions of either active or sham anodal tDCS to the left prefrontal cortex. Twenty-four hours after the last tDCS session participants repeated the neurobiological and cognitive assessments. Neurobiological outcome measures were TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs), TMS-related oscillations and oscillatory power during a 2-back task. Cognitive outcome measures were d prime and accurate reaction time on the 2-back and MATRICS scores.ResultsFollowing active tDCS there was a significant reduction in the N40 TEP amplitude in the left parietal occipital region. There were no other significant changes.ConclusionsFuture interrogation of evidence based therapeutic targets in large scale RCTs is required.
The mitochondrial genome of Oryza sativa L. cv. Taichung 65 (Poaceae)
Authors: Ichida Hiroyuki , Kazama Tomohiko , Arimura Shin-ichi , Toriyama Kinya 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA complete mitochondrial genome sequence was determined by a hybrid approach with long- and short-read sequences in a japonica rice cultivar Taichung 65. The assembled mitochondrial genome was 401,060 bases in length and an overall GC content of 43.88% and predicted to harbor 57 protein-encoding, 18 transfer RNA, and 3 ribosomal RNA genes. Phylogenetic and sequence polymorphism analysis indicated that Taichung 65 is classified as typical japonica. The mitochondrial genome resource would serve as a fundamental tool to investigate cytoplasmic male sterility in rice.
Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptability in Mozambique: The Role of Institutional Trust
Authors: Hu Bo , Yang Wei , Bouanchaud Paul , Chongo Yolanda , Wheeler Jennifer , Chicumbe Sergio , Chissano Marcos 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundVaccination plays an imperative role in protecting public health and preventing avoidable mortality. Yet, the reasons for vaccine hesitancy are not well understood. This study investigates the factors associated with the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccine in Mozambique.MethodsThe data came from the three waves of the COVID-19 Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) survey which followed a cohort of 1,371 adults in Mozambique over three months (N=3,809). Data collection was through a structured questionnaire using telephone interviewing (CAPI). Multilevel regression analysis was conducted to identify the trajectories of, and the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptability.ResultsThere was great volatility in COVID-19 vaccine acceptability over time. Institutional trust was consistently and strongly correlated with different measures of vaccine acceptability. There was a greater decline in vaccine acceptability in people with lower institutional trust. The positive correlation between institutional trust and vaccine acceptability was stronger in younger than older adults. Vaccine acceptability also varied by gender and marital status.ConclusionsVaccine acceptability is sensitive to news and information circulated in the public domain. Institutional trust is a central driver of vaccine acceptability and contributes to the resilience of the health system. Our study highlights the importance of health communication and building a trustful relationship between the general public and public institutions in the context of a global pandemic.
Emx1-Cre is expressed in peripheral autonomic ganglia that regulate central cardiorespiratory functions
Authors: Ning Yao , Noebels Jeffrey L. , Aiba Isamu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe Emx1-IRES-Cre transgenic mouse is commonly used to direct genetic recombination in forebrain excitatory neurons. However, the original study reported that Emx1-Cre is also expressed embryonically in peripheral autonomic ganglia, which could potentially affect the interpretation of targeted circuitry contributing to systemic phenotypes. Here, we report that Emx1-Cre is expressed in the afferent vagus nerve system involved in autonomic cardiorespiratory regulatory pathways. Our imaging studies revealed expression of Emx1-Cre driven tdtomato fluorescence in the afferent vagus nerve innervating the dorsal medulla of brainstem, cell bodies in the nodose ganglion, and their potential target structures at the carotid bifurcation such as the carotid sinus and the superior cervical ganglion. Photostimulation of the afferent terminals in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) in vitro using Emx1-Cre driven ChR2 reliably evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents in the postsynaptic neurons with electrophysiological characteristics consistent with the vagus afferent nerves. In addition, optogenetic stimulation targeting the Emx1-Cre expressing structures identified in this study, such as vagus nerve, carotid bifurcation, and the dorsal medulla surface transiently depressed cardiorespiratory rate in urethane anesthetized mice in vivo. Together, our study demonstrates that Emx1-IRES-Cre is expressed in the key peripheral autonomic nerve system and can modulate the cardiorespiratory function independently of forebrain expression. These results raise caution when interpreting the systemic phenotypes of Emx1-IRES-Cre conditional recombinant mice, and also suggest the utility of this line to investigate the modulators of afferent vagal system.Significance StatementEmx1-IRES-Cre mice are widely used to dissect critical circuitry underlying neurological disorders such as epilepsy. These studies often assume the Cre is expressed selectively in forebrain excitatory neurons. However, earlier work reported that Emx1 is expressed in several peripheral tissues of the developing embryo and thus gene recombination may affect these peripheral structures. In this study, we characterized the expression and physiological functions of Emx1-Cre expressed in the vagus nerve, the critical peripheral autonomic component. Optogenetic stimulation of these Emx1-Cre+ neurons activates the nucleus tractus solitarius neurons within the brainstem in vitro and induces complex cardiorespiratory reflex in vivo. This study confirmed that peripheral Emx1-Cre+ cells are involved in autonomic regulation and potentially affect transgenic mouse phenotypes.
Periodic solutions for a class of fifth-order differential equations
Authors: Berrehail Chems Eddine , Bouslah Zineb 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThis study aims to provide sufficient conditions for the existence of periodic solutions of the fifth-order differential equation.Design/methodology/approachThe authors shall use the averaging theory, more precisely Theorem $6$.FindingsThe main results on the periodic solutions of the fifth-order differential equation (equation (1)) are given in the statement of Theorem 1 and 2.Originality/valueIn this article, the authors provide sufficient conditions for the existence of periodic solutions of the fifth-order differential equation.
Unsteady numerical investigation of nanofluid mixed convection within a cubic cavity with periodic motion of double oscillatory walls
Authors: Nouari Soufiane , Bara Elhafad , Lafdaili Zakaria , EI-Hamdani Sakina , Bendou Abdelaziz , Doghmi Hicham 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of the oscillatory movement on heat transfer within a double periodic lid-driven cubic enclosure filled with copper-water nanofluid and to figure out how the oscillations impact the fluid flow and thermal behavior inside the enclosure. The authors asserted that this study will help to improve the heat transfer efficiency and the thermal performance of various technical engineering equipments.Design/methodology/approachThe cubic enclosure is heated differentially; the left side is cold, the right one is warm and the remaining walls are insulated. Based on the movement directions of the upper and bottom lids, two cases for lid-driven walls are examined (Case 1: same movement for both lids; Case 2: opposite movement for the lids). The finite volume approach was implemented to solve the time-dependent three-dimensional momentum and energy equations, adopting the power low as a scheme of resolution. The numerical study was carried out for a range of parameters: volume fraction (0 ≤φ≤ 0.06), Richardson number (0.1 ≤ Ri ≤ 10), non-dimensional lid frequency (2π/50 ≤Ω≤ 2π/10) and fixed Grashof number 105.FindingsThe numerical simulations were executed for two different cases of the direction of the motion of the oscillatory lids. Based on the findings obtained, decreasing the Richardson number with low lids frequency gives the best heat transfer enhancement for both cases. Furthermore, in the same conditions, swapping from Case 2 to Case 1 leads to enhancing the maximum average Nusselt number obtained by 29.74%. At a high Richardson number, using high lids frequency increases the heat transfer rate compared to using low lids frequency (an enhancement of 4.32% for Case 1 and 3.63% for Case 2). The best heat transfer rate was established for Case 1 when the lids move positively, transporting the cold flow to the hot side. In all cases, increasing the concentration of nanoparticles improves the heat transfer.Originality/valueThe current study gives an understanding of the problem of mixed convection in a cubic enclosure with oscillatory walls, which has received little attention. And also, there has been no study published on unsteady mixed convection within a double oscillatory lid-driven cavity.
“Think entrepreneur – think male”: the effect of reduced gender stereotype threat on women's entrepreneurial intention and opportunity motivation
Authors: Laguía Ana , Wach Dominika , Garcia-Ael Cristina , Moriano Juan A. 
Published: March 2022

PurposeEntrepreneurship, which traditionally has been a male occupation, still attracts fewer women than men. Challenging gender stereotypes within entrepreneurship is one avenue to increase women's entrepreneurial intention and promote women entrepreneurship. This study adapts the “think manager – think male” leadership perspective to the entrepreneurship context and explores gender stereotype's implications for both entrepreneurial intention and motivation to become an entrepreneur.Design/methodology/approachA total of 902 Spanish non-entrepreneurs, both male and female, were randomly asked about the representation of successful entrepreneurs (no-gender-mention), successful men entrepreneurs or successful women entrepreneurs (reduced stereotype threat condition vs no-gender-mention or men entrepreneurs' conditions). Then, female participants' entrepreneurial intention, its antecedents (i.e. attitudes toward entrepreneurship, subjective norms and entrepreneurial self-efficacy) and necessity vs opportunity motivation were measured and compared to their male counterparts' scores in those three conditions.FindingsFemale participants reported higher entrepreneurial intention, self-efficacy and opportunity motivation when assigned to the successful women entrepreneurs' condition. Younger participants – compared to older ones – also exhibited higher entrepreneurial intention and opportunity motivation, more positive attitudes toward entrepreneurship and higher scores in subjective norms. Furthermore, findings suggest a woman entrepreneur seems to be less accessible (or more counter-stereotypical) to male participants than to female participants and, thus, the “think entrepreneur – think male” bias is more noticeable in male participants. Therefore, reducing negative stereotype threat for women in entrepreneurship may increase women's entrepreneurial career aspirations. This is of utmost importance to optimize training courses and mentoring programs to strengthen women's self-efficacy in their entrepreneurial skills and capabilities.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature about gender, entrepreneurial intention and motivation by adapting a leadership paradigm (“think manager – think male”) to entrepreneurship (“think entrepreneur – think male”). These findings shed new light on the antecedents of entrepreneurial intention and motivation and have implications for policy measures. Acknowledging that exposure to successful women entrepreneurs as role models potentially facilitates entrepreneurship among women, governments should provide tailor-made incentives and support for women entrepreneurs in the form of awareness raising, networking and in the mass media.