bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanohybridization of CoS2/MoS2 Heterostructure with Polyoxometalate on Functionalized Reduced Graphene Oxide for High‐Performance LIBs
Authors: Li Qian , Xu Mingqi , Wang Tong , Wang Haijun , Sun Jingwen , Sha Jingquan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTo address the poor cycling stability and low rate capability of MoS2 as electrode materials for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), herein, the CoS2/MoS2/PDDA‐rGO/PMo12 nanocomposites are constructed via a simple hydrothermal process, combining the advantages of all three, namely, CoS2/MoS2 heterojunction and polyoxometalates (POMs) provide abundant catalytically active sites and increase the multi‐electron transfer ability, and the positively charged poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) modified reduced graphene oxide (PDDA‐rGO) improve electronic conductivity and effectively prevent the aggregation of MoS2, meanwhile stabilize the negatively charged [PMo12O40]3−. After the electrochemical testing, the resulting CoS2/MoS2/PDDA‐rGO/PMo12 nanocomposite achieved 1055 mA h g−1 initial specific capacities and stabilized at 740 mA h g−1 after 150 cycles at 100 mA g−1 current density. And the specific capacities of MoS2, MoS2/PDDA‐rGO, CoS2/MoS2, and CoS2/MoS2/PDDA‐rGO were 201, 421, 518, and 589 at 100 mA g−1 after 150 cycles, respectively. The fact of the greatly improving capacity of MoS2‐based nanocomposites suggests its potential for high performance electrode materials of LIBs. Moreover, the lithium storage mechanism of CoS2/MoS2/PDDA‐rGO/PMo12 has been discussed on the basis of cyclic voltammetry with different scan rates.
Mesurer la valeur publique des radiodiffuseurs publics: création d’un modèle pour le contexte canadien
Authors: Lamargot Eve , Lavoie Joanie G. , Dantas Danilo C. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article presents a rare empirical study on the measurement of public value. Public value is a multidimensional concept of the impact of a public organization on its audiences. Using action research at Radio‐Canada, we hybridize conceptual models of public values from the literature with four practical models from public broadcasters, then we triangulate these results with our analyses of the Canadian public broadcaster's internal data to propose a new measurement model for Radio‐Canada’s public value. This model illustrates and communicates the dynamic yet imperfect alignment between the public values served and the public value created. Our main contribution is the reconciliation of public value management with the public values perspective.
Geology, geochronology and geochemistry of the Saishitang Cu deposit in the East Kunlun Orogenic Belt, NW China
Authors: Ma Xiaoping , Zhao Yun , Xue Chunji , Wang Xiongfei , Chen Jia , Yan Yu , Li Xuguang , Qiu Mingfeng 
Published: March 2022

The Saishitang deposit, located in the eastern part of the Eastern Kunlun Orogenic Belt, NW China, hosts important Cu mineralization. The ore occurs as stratiform bodies in Lower–Middle Triassic siltstone and siliceous rock and as lenticular bodies at the contacts between quartz diorite and marble. The whole‐rock geochemistry and Si–O isotopic compositions of the siliceous rocks suggest a sedimentary origin. The quartz diorite has a weighted mean zircon U–Pb age of 215.5 ± 0.9 Ma. The quartz diorite exhibits high SiO2 (63.91–69.48 wt%), Al2O3 (14.98–17.11 wt%) and Na2O (2.17–4.58 wt%) contents, with A/CNK values of 0.79–1.10, similar to those of calc‐alkaline I‐type granites. The quartz diorite exhibits weak negative Eu anomalies (δEu = 0.80–0.99), enrichment in light rare earth elements, Rb, Ba, K and Pb and depletion in heavy rare earth elements, Nb, Ta, P and Ti. The Pb isotopic compositions suggest that the skarn ore, quartz diorite and host rocks are closely correlated, reflecting a common source. By contrast, the Pb isotopic compositions of sulphide ores hosted within siltstone are heterogeneous, suggesting multiple lower‐crustal and upper‐mantle sources. By integrating our geological and geochemical data, we propose that the Saishitang deposit was formed by exhalative sedimentary mineralization in a back‐arc basin and overprinted by Indosinian skarn mineralization in a post‐collision extensional environment.
“Us” and “them”: Corporate strategic activism, horizontal inequalities, and society's capacity to address its grand challenges
Authors: Ganson Brian , He Tony L. , Henisz Witold J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractResearch SummaryDivisions into an “us” and a “them” across racial, ethnic, economic, geographic, and other demographic divides impede society's capacity to address grand challenges. Firms have an impact on such divisions—whether positively or negatively, intentionally or not—through the dual mechanisms of rents and relationships. Firms may contribute to horizontal inequalities that underlie intergroup conflict through the distribution of the benefits, costs, and risks of firm activities. Through their relational strategies, firms also shape the willingness and ability of different groups to work together for positive change. Firm behaviors emerging from their daily operations can thus change society's capacity to address its grand challenges, necessitating corporate activism that encompasses market and nonmarket strategies, as well as a broader understanding of the strategy‐setting process itself.Managerial SummaryThis paper examines how firms inevitably shape conflict and cooperation in society through their impact on relationships between groups across racial, ethnic, economic, geographic, and other demographic boundaries. Managers distribute the gains and losses of business activities in ways that differently impact identity groups attentive to their relative inequalities. Strategies regarding how stakeholder relationships are built or broken can also change the ability of groups to build consensus on issues of broad social concern. We explain how these managerial decisions can thus affect the capacity of broader society to address collective challenges. We further explore how managers can design and implement inclusive market and nonmarket strategies that strengthen the cooperative potential of different groups to advance important social goals.
Mapping between EQ‐5D‐3L and EQ‐5D‐5L: A survey experiment on the validity of multi‐instrument data
Authors: Hernández‐Alava Mónica , Pudney Stephen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEQ‐5D is a 5‐item questionnaire instrument designed to measure health‐related quality of life. It is extremely important, since it is used to measure health benefits in many studies providing evidence for reimbursement decisions by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence in England and similar policy bodies in other countries. EQ‐5D has been redesigned in a more detailed form (EQ‐5D‐5L), but much existing cost‐effectiveness evidence is based on the older version (EQ‐5D‐3L). Statistical mapping from one version to another is widely used, exploiting data from multi‐instrument surveys incorporating both variants. However, little is known about the robustness of data from such multi‐instrument surveys. We design a randomized experiment to investigate whether inclusion of both versions at different stages in a single interview gives a reliable picture of the relationship between health measures from the two instruments and embed it in individual interviews from the UK Understanding Society household panel. We find that sequencing of the two versions of EQ‐5D within an interview has a significant impact not only on the resulting data but also on the estimated mapping models. We illustrate the non‐negligible effects in two real‐world cost‐effectiveness examples and discuss the implications for future multi‐instrument survey design.
Dedifferentiation‐associated inflammatory factors of long‐term expanded human hepatocytes exacerbate their elimination by macrophages during liver engraftment
Authors: Wang Chenhua , Zhang Ludi , Sun Zhen , Yuan Xiang , Wu Baihua , Cen Jin , Cui Lei , Zhang Kun , Li Chun , Wu Jingqi , Shu Yajing , Sun Wenbin , Wang Jing , Hui Lijian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background and Aims
Hepatocyte transplantation has been demonstrated to be effective to treat liver metabolic disease and acute liver failure. Nevertheless, the shortage of donor hepatocytes restrained its application in clinics. To expand human hepatocytes at a large scale, several dedifferentiation‐based protocols have been established, including proliferating human hepatocytes (ProliHH). However, the decreased transplantation efficiency of these cells after long‐term expansion largely impedes their application.

Approach and Results
We found that accompanied with dedifferentiation, long‐term cultured ProliHH (lc‐ProliHH) up‐regulated a panel of chemokines and cytokines related to innate immunity, which were referred to as dedifferentiation‐associated inflammatory factors (DAIF). DAIF elicited excessive macrophage responses, accounting for the elimination of lc‐ProliHH specifically during engraftment. Two possible strategies to increase ProliHH transplantation were then characterized. Blockage of innate immune response by dexamethasone reverted the engraftment and repopulation of lc‐ProliHH to a level comparable to primary hepatocytes, resulting in improved liver function and a better survival of fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase–deficient mice. Alternatively, rematuration of lc‐ProliHH as organoids reduced the expression of DAIF and led to markedly improved engraftment.

Conclusions
These results revealed that lc‐ProliHH triggers exacerbated macrophage activation by DAIF and provided potential solutions for clinical transplantation of lc‐ProliHH.
Properties and hemispheric differences of theta oscillations in the human hippocampus
Authors: Penner Cooper , Minxha Juri , Chandravadia Nand , Mamelak Adam N. , Rutishauser Ueli 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe left and right primate hippocampi (LH and RH) are thought to support distinct functions, but little is known about differences between the hemispheres at the neuronal level. We recorded single‐neuron and local field potentials from the human hippocampus in epilepsy patients implanted with depth electrodes. We detected theta‐frequency bouts of oscillatory activity while patients performed a visual recognition memory task. Theta appeared in bouts of 3.16 cycles, with sawtooth‐shaped oscillations that had a prolonged downswing period. Outside the seizure onset zone, the average frequency of theta bouts was higher in the RH compared to the LH (6.0 vs. 5.3 Hz). LH theta bouts had lower amplitudes and a higher prevalence compared to the RH (26% vs. 21% of total time). Additionally, the RH contained a population of thin spiking visually tuned neurons that were not present in the LH. These data show that human theta appears in short oscillatory bouts whose properties vary between hemispheres, thereby revealing neurophysiological properties of the hippocampus that differ between the hemispheres.
Purchasing medicines for the public sector: Evaluation of the performance of centralised procurement in Portugal
Authors: Vogler Sabine , Habimana Katharina , Haasis Manuel Alexander 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe study aimed to evaluate centralised procurement of medicines (CPM) in Portugal.MethodsData were collected through different methods, including a review of the literature and (procurement) documents and an analysis of selected bids. Thirty‐seven face‐to‐face interviews with representatives of public authorities, users (hospitals and regional health administrations), patient associations and pharmaceutical industry were held in Portugal in Q1/2020.ResultsCPM has contributed to improved transparency in processes and governance, to increased equity in access to medicines across the country and to lower workload for some users. The findings of the impact on medicine prices and availability are mixed. The benefits of CPM are undermined by some gaps: Lengthy, bureaucratic processes have resulted in delayed availability of medicines at the beginning of a year and in coping strategies of hospitals such as parallel individual procurements. The list of active ingredients under CPM has not been updated since 2016. The procurement agency does not routinely perform market consultations. Key performance indicators for CPM are lacking.ConclusionsPortuguese policy‐makers are urged to develop an updated procurement strategy to provide guidance and clarity on the objectives of CPM, the role of the procurement agency and further authorities and key performance indicators.
Incidence of Antiseizure Medication–Induced Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions in Malaysia
Authors: Fong Si‐Lei , Lim Kheng‐Seang , Hariraj Vidhya , Lee Sing‐Chet , Wo Wee‐Kee , Ramli Azuana , Ho Jun‐Hui , Lai Pauline Siew Mei , Ng Wei‐Leik 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAntiseizure medication can potentially cause severe cutaneous adverse reactions, and certain antiseizure medication‐induced severe cutaneous adverse reactions are associated with specific human leukocyte antigen alleles. This caused a change in antiseizure medication prescribing patterns, which may influence the incidence of antiseizure medication‐induced severe cutaneous adverse reactions. Thus, we aimed to determine the incidence of antiseizure medication‐induced severe cutaneous adverse reactions and its change over 15 years (2006‐2019) in Malaysia. This retrospective analysis combined antiseizure medication‐induced SCAR cases from the national adverse drug reaction database in the National Pharmaceutical Regulatory Agency, antiseizure medication usage data from the Malaysian Statistics of Medicine, and prescribing data from University Malaya Medical Centre, a national‐level tertiary hospital to calculate antiseizure medication‐induced SCAR incidence in Malaysia. We observed an upward trend in reported antiseizure medication‐induced SCAR cases from 28 cases in 2006 to 92 in 2016. The incidence of carbamazepine (CBZ)‐induced severe cutaneous adverse reactions increased from 7.5 per 1000 person‐years (2006) to 17.8 per 1000 person‐years (2016) but dropped to 7.2 per 1000 person‐years subsequently (2019). Concurrently, there was an increase in the incidence of severe cutaneous adverse reactions secondary to phenytoin and lamotrigine. The prevalent users of CBZ had reduced from 22.8% (2006) to 14.1% (2016), whereas the levetiracetam and sodium valproate users increased by 5.5% and 4.8%, respectively. The incidence of CBZ‐induced severe cutaneous adverse reactions had reduced since 2016, probably related to the implementation of human leukocyte antigen‐B*1502 screening in Malaysia or substitution of CBZ with other antiseizure medications. However, this was accompanied by an increase in SCAR incidence related to phenytoin and lamotrigine.
Spectroscopic evidence of the effect of hydrogen peroxide excess on the coproheme decarboxylase from actinobacterial Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Authors: Sebastiani Federico , Niccoli Chiara , Michlits Hanna , Risorti Riccardo , Becucci Maurizio , Hofbauer Stefan , Smulevich Giulietta 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe actinobacterial coproheme decarboxylase from Corynebacterium diphtheriae catalyzes the final reaction to generate heme b via the “coproporphyrin‐dependent” heme biosynthesis pathway in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. The enzyme has a high reactivity toward H2O2 used for the catalytic reaction and in the presence of an excess of H2O2 new species are generated. Resonance Raman data, together with electronic absorption spectroscopy and mass spectrometry, indicate that an excess of hydrogen peroxide for both the substrate (coproheme) and product (heme b) complexes of this enzyme causes a porphyrin hydroxylation of ring C or D, which is compatible with the formation of an iron chlorin‐type heme d species. A similar effect has been previously observed for other heme‐containing proteins, but this is the first time that a similar mechanism is reported for a coproheme enzyme. The hydroxylation determines a symmetry lowering of the porphyrin macrocycle, which causes the activation of A2g modes upon Soret excitation with a significant change in their polarization ratios, the enhancement and splitting into two components of many Eu bands, and an intensity decrease of the non‐totally symmetric modes B1g, which become polarized. This latter effect is clearly observed for the isolated ν10 mode upon either Soret or Q‐band excitations. The distal His118 is shown to be an absolute requirement for the conversion to heme d. This residue also plays an important role in the oxidative decarboxylation, because it acts as a base for deprotonation and subsequent heterolytic cleavage of hydrogen peroxide.
Preconcentration and determination of five antidepressants from human milk and urine samples by stir bar filled magnetic ionic liquids using liquid–liquid–liquid microextraction‐high‐performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Taghizadeh Mohabat , Ebrahimi Mahmoud , Fooladi Ebrahim , Yoosefian Mehdi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA sensitive and straightforward liquid–liquid–liquid microextraction method was developed to preconcentrate and cleanup antidepressants, including mirtazapine, venlafaxine, escitalopram, fluoxetine, and fluvoxamine, from biological samples before analyzing with high‐performance liquid chromatography. The essential novelty of this study is using magnetic ionic liquids as the extraction phase in the lumen of hollow fiber and preparing a liquid magnetic stir bar. In this method, polypropylene hollow fiber was utilized as the permeable membrane for the analyte extraction. Six magnetic ionic liquids consisting of the transition metal and rare earth compounds were synthesized and then hollow fiber lumen was injected as acceptor phase to extract the antidepressants. Besides, 3‐pentanol as a water‐immiscible solvent was impregnated in the hollow fiber wall pores. The effective factors in the method were optimized with the central composition design. The resultant calibration curves were linear over the concentration range of 0.8–400.0 ng mL−1 (R2 ≥ 0.996). The method displayed the proper detection limit (0.11–0.24 ng mL−1), the reasonable limit of quantification (≤0.79 ng mL−1), wide linear ranges, high preconcentration factors (≥294.3), and suitable relative standard deviation (2.31–5.47%) for measuring antidepressant medications. Analysis of human milk and urine samples showed acceptable recoveries of 96.5–103.8% with excellent relative standard deviations lower than 5.95%.
Dough rheology and physicochemical and sensory properties of wheat–peanut composite flour bread
Authors: Shongwe Sihle G. , Kidane Solomon Worku , Shelembe Jeremiah S. , Nkambule Thabile P. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe effect of inclusion of peanut flour from 0% to 20% on dough rheology and physicochemical and sensory properties of wheat–peanut composite flour bread was studied. Farinograph water absorption, dough development time (DDT), and stability increased from 57.7% to 60.1%, from 2.5 min to 6 min, and from 5.5 min to 8.5 min, respectively, for white bread flour dough with increase in peanut flour proportion from 0% to 20%. Similarly, an increase from 62.7% to 64.9%, from 6 min to 7 min, and from 8.5 to 13 min was observed for farinograph water absorption, dough development time (DDT), and stability, respectively, for brown bread dough. The alveograph dough properties including dough strength, pressure (tenacity), extensibility, and extensibility ratio also increased from 31.0 KJ to 37.4 KJ, from 75.1 mmH2O to 91.3 mmH2O, from 68.3 mm to 83 mm, and from 0.78 to 1.11, respectively. Increase in peanut flour proportion significantly (p < 0.05) increased the loaf weight but decreased loaf volume and specific volume. Moreover, increase in peanut flour proportion resulted in an increase in protein and fat content whereas the moisture content decreased. Bread from all the formulations were found to be acceptable by the consumer panel with an overall hedonic acceptability rate of “like” without much significant difference. The results of the study revealed that it is possible to incorporate peanut flour up to 20% for acceptable bread. Further study on the optimization of the blend proportions and on the possibility of blending peanut with other cereals for bread would reveal more insight to diversify the utilization of peanuts.
Head and neck synthetic CT generated from ultra‐low‐dose cone‐beam CT following Image Gently Protocol using deep neural network
Authors: Yuan Nimu , Rao Shyam , Chen Quan , Sensoy Levent , Qi Jinyi , Rong Yi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposeImage guidance is used to improve the accuracy of radiation therapy delivery but results in increased dose to patients. This is of particular concern in children who need be treated per Pediatric Image Gently Protocols due to long‐term risks from radiation exposure. The purpose of this study is to design a deep neural network architecture and loss function for improving soft‐tissue contrast and preserving small anatomical features in ultra‐low‐dose cone‐beam CTs (CBCT) of head and neck cancer (HNC) imaging.MethodsA 2D compound U‐Net architecture (modified U‐Net++) with different depths was proposed to enhance the network capability of capturing small‐volume structures. A mask weighted loss function (Mask‐Loss) was applied to enhance soft‐tissue contrast. Fifty‐five paired CBCT and CT images of HNC patients were retrospectively collected for network training and testing. The output enhanced CBCT images from the present study were evaluated with quantitative metrics including mean absolute error (MAE), signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR), and structural similarity (SSIM), and compared with those from the previously proposed network architectures (U‐Net and wide U‐Net) using MAE loss functions. A visual assessment of ten selected structures in the enhanced CBCT images of each patient was performed to evaluate image quality improvement, blindly scored by an experienced radiation oncologist specialized in HN cancer.ResultsAll the enhanced CBCT images showed reduced artifactual distortion and image noise. U‐Net++ outperformed the U‐Net and wide U‐Net in terms of MAE, contrast near structure boundaries, and small structures. The proposed Mask‐Loss improved image contrast and accuracy of the soft‐tissue regions. The enhanced CBCT images predicted by U‐Net++ and Mask‐Loss demonstrated improvement compared to the U‐Net in terms of average MAE (52.41 vs 42.85 HU), SNR (14.14 vs 15.07 dB), and SSIM (0.84 vs 0.87), respectively (, in all paired t‐tests). The visual assessment showed that the proposed U‐Net++ and Mask‐Loss significantly improved original CBCTs (), compared to the U‐Net and MAE loss.ConclusionsThe proposed network architecture and loss function effectively improved image quality in soft‐tissue contrast, organ boundary, and small structure preservation for ultra‐low‐dose CBCT following Image Gently Protocol. This method has potential to provide sufficient anatomical representation on the enhanced CBCT images for accurate treatment delivery and potentially fast online‐adaptive re‐planning for HN cancer patients.