bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of different strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for ethanol production from high-amylopectin BRS AG rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Almeida Isabela C. , Pacheco Thályta F. , Machado Fabricio , Gonçalves Sílvia B. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEthanol is the main biofuel produced by fermentation route and the search for new feedstocks to produce fuel ethanol is still a great challenge. This work aims to compare the ethanol production from a new irrigated rice cultivar BRS AG to the conventional cultivar BRS PAMPA applied in Brazil. Six different commercial strains ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae(BG-1, CAT-1, FT-858, JP-1, PE-2, and SA-1) were applied in fermentation reactions. Fermentations performed with BRS PAMPA rice revealed that the highest yields were achieved with strain SA-1, corresponding to 93.0% of the theoretical maximum and final ethanol concentration of 58.92 g L−1, and with CAT-1, a yield of 92.7% and final ethanol concentration of 58.93 g L−1. For the fermentations with BRS AG rice, the highest yields were obtained with strain FT-858, exhibiting a 89.6% yield and final ethanol concentration of 62.45 g L−1, and with CAT-1, 87.9% yield and final ethanol concentration of 61.25 g L−1were achieved. The most appropriate microorganism for ethanol production using BRS PAMPA rice and BRS AG rice was CAT-1. Comparatively, the ethanol yield and productivity using BRS AG were higher than those observed for BRS PAMPA for all strains, except for PE-2 and SA-1 that led to very similar results. The experimental results showed that the giant rice BRS AG is an excellent feedstock for fuel ethanol production in lowland fields.
A global perspective on western Mediterranean precipitation extremes
Authors: Insua-Costa Damián , Senande-Rivera Martín , Llasat María Carmen , Miguez-Macho Gonzalo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe Mediterranean region has been declared a climate change hotspot due, among other reasons, to an expected increase in the torrential rains that frequently affect this densely populated area. However, the extent to which these torrential rains are connected to other regions outside the Mediterranean remains uncertain. Here we simulate 160 extreme precipitation events with an atmospheric model enabled for state-of-the-art moisture tracking and demonstrate that large scale moisture transport is a more important factor than evaporation over local sources. We find that the average precipitation fraction with source in the Mediterranean is only 35%, while 10% is from evapotranspiration over nearby land in continental Europe and 25% originates in the North Atlantic. The remaining 30% comes from several more distant source regions, sometimes as remote as the tropical Pacific or the Southern Hemisphere, indicating direct connections with multiple locations on the planet and a global scale energy redistribution. Our results point to the importance of approaching these extreme episodes from a more global rather than purely regional perspective, especially when attempting to attribute them to climate change.
Understanding Caregiver Satisfaction With a Telediagnostic Assessment of Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Jones Maranda K. , Zellner Matthew A. , Hobson Amanda N. , Levin Amy , Roberts Megan Y. 
Published: February 2022

Purpose:
In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is critical to understand the feasibility and acceptability of the use of telediagnostic assessments in clinical settings. This study aimed to characterize caregiver satisfaction with a telediagnostic assessment of autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Method:
Twelve families completed a telediagnostic assessment of ASD through Illinois' Early Intervention program including a caregiver interview, administration of the TELE-ASD-PEDS, and a feedback visit. Following the evaluation, caregivers rated their satisfaction with the telediagnostic assessment.

Results:
Caregivers reported that the evaluation met their expectations, and they were satisfied with the assessment and feedback visit. However, caregiver satisfaction with the telehealth platform varied, and the majority of caregivers reported a preference for in-person visits. Qualitative analysis of caregiver responses noted the benefits and areas of improvement of telediagnostic assessment. Thematic analysis revealed the strengths of the telediagnostic assessment, including the logistical convenience of the teleassessment, ease of administration, rapport with and expertise of the clinicians, and qualification for intervention services. Although caregivers' perspectives varied, diagnostic accuracy and the amount of information provided about the diagnosis were reported areas of improvement.

Conclusions:
Overall, telediagnostic assessments were well received by families. Caregivers' preference for in-person visits highlights the need to incorporate caregiver-reported areas of improvement in the development and administration of telediagnostic assessments.
Opacity effect on core-shift and the spectral properties of jets
Authors: Sharma R. , Massi M. , Torricelli-Ciamponi G. 
Published: February 2022

Context. There is theoretical and observational evidence that the jet core position changes with frequency. However, the core position for a given frequency may vary with time in the case of flares or for a precessing jet.
Aims. In this work, we want to explore the changes in core position as a function of frequency, magnetic field alignment, relativistic electron density, and jet inclination angle.
Methods. We use a physical model of a synchrotron-emitting jet. Two cases of the jet are analysed, namely with magnetic field parallel and perpendicular to the jet axis. The evolution of the related spectrum is monitored over the radio band.
Results. We find that a smaller jet inclination angle or a higher electron density causes the jet core position to move downstream of the jet and we demonstrate that this displacement of the core along the jet gives rise to a spectral flattening.
Traumatic Brain Injury in Pregnancy
Authors: Santos Letícia Adrielle dos , Pereira Carlos Umberto , Paula Maycon Cristian Gomes de , Kalkmann Gabriela Ferreira , Rabelo Nicollas Nunes 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective The present paper aims to provide a review on the main complications involving traumatic brain injury (TBI) during pregnancy and on the vegetative state after TBI.
Methods A systematic review was performed in concordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria checklist.
Results Seven studies were included, of which four were case reports, one was a follow-up, one was a comparative study, and one was a literature review.
Discussion Presence of neurological deficits such as hemiparesis, neonatal seizures, cerebral palsy, hemorrhage or hydrocephalus was observed in children of mothers who suffered trauma during pregnancy. The prolongation of a pregnancy in these victims, even in brain death, is within the reach of current medicine. Ethical issues must be considered when deciding to prolong a pregnancy of a woman in brain death.
Conclusion For the evaluation of pregnant women with TBI, there is a protocol that can be followed in the emergency care service. The cases reported in the literature suggest that there is no clear limit to restrict support to a pregnant patient in a vegetative state. Further studies should be done to elucidate this matter.
Prostatic Artery Embolization for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia—A Primer for Interventional Radiologists
Authors: Bilhim Tiago , Costa Nuno V. , Torres Daniel 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMale patients over 50 years with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are potential candidates for prostatic artery embolization (PAE). PAE is not a perfect fit for all BPH patients. Careful pre- and postpostprocedural evaluation/consultation with correct selection of patients should be tailored on an individual basis. Evaluated parameters include the following: LUTS severity quantification with validated questionnaires as the international prostate symptom score (IPSS) and quality of life (QoL), erectile and ejaculatory evaluation with validated questionnaires, blood tests including full blood count, coagulation profile, renal function and total/free prostate-specific antigen (PSA), prostate volume measured by multiparametric magnetic resonance (mpMR) of the prostate and/or transrectal ultrasound, uroflowmetry measuring the peak urinary flowrate (Qmax), and postvoid residual urine (PVR). Correct arterial anatomy identification with either computed tomography (CT) angiography, MR angiography, or intraprocedural cone-beam CT (CBCT) are suggested for a confident procedure and avoiding potential complications. The minimally invasive nature of PAE with a faster recovery, preserving the sexual function, and comparable results to standard prostatic surgery make the procedure an attractive choice for many male patients suffering with this condition. Patients should be informed about the potential for higher retreatment rates and shorter duration of treatment effect when compared with standard prostatic surgery. In this comprehensive review, we provide an updated toolbox for all interventional radiologists interested in the PAE practice for patients with BPH. We explain how to evaluate patients during consultation before and after PAE, describe the preprocedural imaging required, explain the technique, and narrate how to optimize outcomes. Finally, we review the level of evidence of PAE for BPH.
Speech-Language Pathology Incorporating Horses
Authors: Macauley Beth L. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIncorporating horses into speech-language pathology services is a valid treatment strategy that can be used to help the client achieve their communication and/or swallowing goals. The purpose of this article is to discuss the history and terminology of incorporating horses into rehabilitation, explain theories for why incorporating horses works, and provide clinical applications to the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association's nine areas of practice with clinical reports.
Strategic alliances in container shipping: A review of the literature and future research agenda
Authors: Ghorbani Mohammad , Acciaro Michele , Transchel Sandra , Cariou Pierre 
Published: February 2022

AbstractStrategic alliances are the most common type of collaboration agreement used by shipping lines to provide worldwide maritime container transport services. Since their first appearance just before the mid-1990s, they have progressed to account for 90% of global container shipping capacity with the top eight container operators organizing today their East/West route services through one of the main three strategic alliances. This paper reviews comprehensively and critically the literature on the subject, over 25 years of research on this topic. This includes 85 articles published in peer-reviewed journals between 1994 and 2019, and analyzed and grouped into three main research areas: formation, management, and optimization of strategic alliances. The output of the analysis is then used to provide a future research agenda.
Silent shields: international humanitarian law at the limits of audibility
Authors: Gregory Thomas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn my contribution to this forum, I want to focus on the silencing of human shields within the prevailing frames of war/law. Focusing on the destruction of al-Jalaa tower by the Israeli Defence Forces (IDF), I argue that Human Shields: A History of People in the Line of Fire enables us to see how the figure of the human shield was invoked to legitimize this violence whilst denying the victims a voice within debates about the harm inflicted upon them. Although the book enables us to trace how the discourse on human shielding works to dehumanize and depoliticize the victims, I encourage the authors to think about the silences and omissions in their own work and to think about what could be done to contest these silences. I draw on the work of Gayatri Spivak, Jacques Rancière, and Banu Bargu to illustrate my concerns about the problem and potential solutions to this problem.
Heats of formation and stress–strain relationship of Fe–Cr solid solutions from a constructed Fe–Cr potential
Authors: Peng D K , Jiang Y C , Gong H R , Liang C P 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A new Fe–Cr interatomic potential is constructed under the framework of the embedded-atom method and has better performances in predicting heats of formation and stress–strain relationship of Fe–Cr solid solutions than the Fe–Cr potentials already published in the literature. Based on the constructed Fe–Cr potential, molecular dynamics simulation reveals that the heats of formation of BCC Fe–Cr solid solutions at 1600 K are positive within the entire composition range, and the calculated values are in good agreement with corresponding experimental measurements in the literature. In addition, it is also found that the tensile strengths of BCC Fe–Cr solid solutions increase with the increase of the Cr composition, and that BCC Fe–Cr solid solutions are less ductile with smaller critical strains than both Fe and Cr. The simulated results are discussed and compared with the corresponding experimental and calculated evidence in the literature to validate the relevance of the newly constructed Fe–Cr potential.
Active quasi-BIC optical vortex generators for ultrafast switching
Authors: Wu Yuhao , Kang Lei , Werner Douglas H 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The Pancharatnam–Berry phase induced by the winding topology of polarization around a vortex singularity at bound states in the continuum (BIC) provides a unique approach to optical vortex (OV) generation. The BIC-based OV generators have the potential to outperform their counterparts that rely on spatial variations in terms of design feasibility, fabrication complexity, and robustness. However, given the fact that this class of OV generators originates from the topological property of the photonic bands, their responses are generally fixed and cannot be dynamically altered, which limits their applications to photonic systems. Here, we numerically demonstrate that a silicon photonic crystal slab can be used to realize optically switchable OV generation by simultaneously exploiting the vortex topology in momentum space in conjunction with silicon’s nonlinear dynamics. Picosecond switching of OV beams at near-infrared wavelengths are observed. The demonstrated nontrivial topological nature of the active generators can significantly expand the application of BIC toward ultrafast vortex beam generation, high-capacity optical communication, and mode-division multiplexing.
Design of hexa-wheel sectored photonic crystal fiber for soybean biodiesel sensing
Authors: Asaduzzaman Sayed , Rehana Hasin , Aziz M D Tanzil , Ahmed Ashour M , Elsayed Hussein A , Mehaney Ahmed 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this research, a novel wheel-shaped hexa sectored photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with an elliptical hole at the center of the core has been proposed as a soybean biodiesel sensor. The finite element method (FEM) method and perfectly matched layer (PML) have been used for the analysis of the proposed sensor. The designed PCF is suitable to operate through a wide operating frequency from 0.5 to 2 THz. The mainstay of the numerical investigations is significantly based on the concentration of soybean biodiesel, the ellipticity of the core and the change of temperature as well. The proposed hexa-wheel PCF sensor shows a high relative sensitivity of 89.03%, lower confinement loss of 2.3 × 10−10, high birefringence of 3.5 × 10−4 (dB/m) and low material loss (EML) of 0.207 cm−1. The presented sensor is very simple and easy to fabricate. In this regard, the designed structure could be of a wide interest through the detection of different biodiesels and liquids as well.
Performance improvement of an ultra-thin amorphous silicon solar cell using multilayers chirped diffraction back gratings
Authors: Shahamat Mehran Abdolrahimi , Heidarzadeh Hamid , Bahador Hamid 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a systematic design of a novel back reflector using chirped grating structures is investigated for thin-film amorphous silicon (a-Si) solar cells. At first, a cell with an optimum ITO antireflecting layer is simulated and a photocurrent of 17.67 mA cm−2 is obtained. Then a conventional grating from SiO2 is evaluated and the maximum photocurrent of 18.97 mA cm−2 is calculated. Then a thin-film solar cell based on the chirped back grating is designed and the photocurrent is increased to 19.30 mA cm−2. Also, their integrated optical absorption is compared for better understanding. To give a numerical comparison of the cells with a different number of chirped grating layers, a short circuit current for different numbers of grating layers is analyzed. It is shown that maximum current density is obtained for 5 layers grating with the chirped coefficient length of near 20 nm. It is believed that chirped back grating can be used to design higher performance thin film a-Si solar cells and the results are helpful for photovoltaic applications.
Constraints from high-precision measurements of the cosmic microwave background: the case of disintegrating dark matter with Λ or dynamical dark energy
Authors: Liu Wenzhong , Anchordoqui Luis A. , Valentino Eleonora Di , Pan Supriya , Wu Yabo , Yang Weiqiang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In recent years discrepancies have emerged in measurements of the present-day rate of expansion of the universe H
0 and in estimates of the clustering of matter S
8. Using the most recent cosmological observations we reexamine a novel model proposed to address these tensions, in which cold dark matter disintegrates into dark radiation. The disintegration process is controlled by its rate Q = αℋρddm, where α is a (constant) dimensionless parameter quantifying the strength of the disintegration mechanism and ℋ is the conformal Hubble rate in the spatially flat Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker universe and ρddm is the energy density of the disintegrating cold dark matter. We constrain this model with the latest 2018 Planck temperature and polarization data, showing that there is no evidence for α≠ 0 and that it cannot solve the H
0 tension below 3σ, clashing with the result obtained by analyzing the Planck 2015 temperature data. We also investigate two possible extensions of the model in which the dark energy equation-of-state parameter w ≠ -1. In this case it is possible to combine Planck data with the SH0ES measurement, and we demonstrate that in both these models the H
0 tension is resolved at the 1σ level, but the condition w ≠ -1 exacerbates the S
8 tension. We also demonstrate that the addition of intermediate-redshift data (from the Pantheon supernova type Ia dataset and baryon acoustic oscillations) weakens the effectiveness of all these models to address the H
0 and S
8 tensions.
Traceable dosimetry for MeV ion beams
Authors: Garty G. , Harken A.D. , Brenner D.J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Standard dosimetry protocols exist for highly penetrating
photon and particle beams used in the clinic and in
research. However, these protocols cannot be directly applied to
shallow penetration MeV-range ion beams. The Radiological Research
Accelerator Facility has been using such beams for almost 50 years
to irradiate cell monolayers, using self-developed dosimetry, based
on tissue equivalent ionization chambers.

To better align with the internationally accepted standards, we
describe implementation of a commercial, NIST-traceable, air-filled
ionization chamber for measurement of absorbed dose to water from
low energy ions, using radiation quality correction factors
calculated using TRS-398 recommendations. The reported dose does not
depend on the ionization density in the range of
10–150 keV/μm.
On the effect of reference periods on trends in percentile-based extreme temperature indices
Authors: Dunn Robert J H , Morice Colin P 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A number of studies have noted that the use of distinct reference periods when comparing indices measuring the frequency of days exceeding a particular temperature percentile threshold leads to apparently different behaviour. We show that these differences arise because of the interplay between the increasing temperatures and the choice of reference period. The time series of the indicators calculated using the different reference periods are offset, as expected, but also diverge. Linear trends calculated over the same period from the same underlying data but where different reference periods have been used are substantially different if a change in climatological conditions has occurred between the two reference periods. We show this not only occurs in our simple empirical approach, but also for the averages of gridded observational and reanalysis datasets and also at a station level. This has implications for data set comparisons using trends in temperature percentile indices that are based on different reference periods. It also has implications for updates to standard reference periods used to monitor the climate.
Community structure of dragonfly (insecta: Odonata) in pond habitat at Sumur Panguripan Cultural Reserve, Surabaya, Indonesia
Authors: Susanto M A D , Zulaikha S , Bahri S , Firdhausi N F , Tyastirin E 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe Sumur Penguripan Cultural Reserve is an area of clean water wells in which there are two types of ponds, namely Canopied and Non-Canopied, with unspoiled environmental conditions. So, this area has potential as a natural habitat for the dragonfly community. The community of dragonflies at a location can be an environmental indicator, especially in waters, and also be used as a biological control for the terrestrial environment. This study aimed to report differences in the dragonfly’s structure community from the two types of canopy in the pond area of the Sumur Panguripan Cultural Reserve. This study uses the Visual Encounter Survey (VES) method was modified using the Belt Transect method. The results of a study conducted in this location found that there were 20 species from 4 families, with 294 individuals. The value of species diversity of dragonflies at non-canopied locations is H’= 2.26, highest than the value of species diversity of dragonflies at locations with canopied that is H’= 1.87. At the canopied pond location, there were eight species with 48 individuals from 3 families. Meanwhile, at the Non-canopied pond location, there were 18 species with 246 individuals from 3 families.
A termite attack on rubber plantation on peat soil: Level of damage and identification of pest species
Authors: Indrayani Y , Setyawati D , Maryani Y , Simangunsong B 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A study was carried out to evaluate the incidence of a termite attack on a rubber plantation at Kubu Raya Regency, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. The peat plantation area was surveyed to determine the level of damage and diversity of termite species attacks on the rubber tree. A total of 816 rubber trees were inspected for evidence of a termite attack. The level of damage caused by termite attack was done by looking at physical changes in the tree, mainly the presence of termite’s gallery/mud on the trunk that covers half of the trunk diameter or the entire trunk. Each tree is observed, and the value of damage (Score) is based on the condition of the tree attacked by termites. For pest identification purposes, termite’s specimens were collected from the attacked-standing tree, fallen logs, and above ground. Seven species of termites were found from four sub-families: Termes laticornis, Schedorhinotermes sarawakensis, Schedorhinotermes malaccensis, Coptotermes curvignathus, Coptotermes havilandi, Lacessititermes laborator, and Prorhinotermes flavus. Approximately 13.97% of all rubber trees on the plantation at Kubu Raya Regency, West Kalimantan, were infested by termites.