bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of water-conducting fractured zone development law and assessment method in longwall mining of shallow coal seam
Authors: Li Xiaobin , Ji Dongliang , Han Penghua , Li Quansheng , Zhao Hongbao , He Fulian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractStarting from the source of mining, scientific understanding of surface damage law and assessment method in longwall mining of shallow coal seam is conducive to solving the problems of geological hazards and deterioration of the ecological environment, and promoting the coordinated development of efficient coal mining and environmental protection. Based on numerical simulation and theoretical analysis, the surface damage process and spatiotemporal evolution of fracture field are discussed. The influencing factors and assessment method of surface damage are clarified. The results show that surface damage undergone the immediate roof caving stage, the fracture and instability stage of main roof, the spatial amplification stage of separation layer, the instability stage of surface damage control layer and the mining damage stability stage. Under the critical extraction condition, the cracks above the goaf are divided into the crack area outside the cut, the crack area inside the cut, the re-compaction area in the middle goaf, the crack area behind the longwall face, and the crack area in front of the longwall face. The overburden reaches critical failure ahead of surface critical mining. The sensitivity of loose layer thickness to surface subsidence coefficient is greater than that of mining thickness to surface subsidence coefficient. Surface damage control should be adjusted to local conditions, and finally realize zoning treatment and zoning repair. Through the three-step method of "longwall face rapid advancing method, local grouting reinforcement overburden method and zoning treatment ground fissures method", the surface damage control of 12,401 longwall face is realized. This research provides theoretical guidance and application value for surface ecological restoration in similar mining area.
Variational autoencoder provides proof of concept that compressing CDT to extremely low-dimensional space retains its ability of distinguishing dementia
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Sabyasachi , Dion Catherine , Libon David J. , Price Catherine , Tighe Patrick , Rashidi Parisa 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe clock drawing test (CDT) is an inexpensive tool to screen for dementia. In this study, we examined if a variational autoencoder (VAE) with only two latent variables can capture and encode clock drawing anomalies from a large dataset of unannotated CDTs (n = 13,580) using self-supervised pre-training and use them to classify dementia CDTs (n = 18) from non-dementia CDTs (n = 20). The model was independently validated using a larger cohort consisting of 41 dementia and 50 non-dementia clocks. The classification model built with the parsimonious VAE latent space adequately classified dementia from non-dementia (0.78 area under receiver operating characteristics (AUROC) in the original test dataset and 0.77 AUROC in the secondary validation dataset). The VAE-identified atypical clock features were then reviewed by domain experts and compared with existing literature on clock drawing errors. This study shows that a very small number of latent variables are sufficient to encode important clock drawing anomalies that are predictive of dementia.
The functional and structural neural correlates of dynamic balance impairment and recovery in persons with acquired brain injury
Authors: Joubran Katherin , Bar-Haim Simona , Shmuelof Lior 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDynamic balance control is associated with the function of multiple brain networks and is impaired following Acquired Brain Injury (ABI). This study aims to characterize the functional and structural correlates of ABI-induced dynamic balance impairments and recovery following a rehabilitation treatment. Thirty-one chronic participants with ABI participated in a novel rehabilitation treatment composed of 22 sessions of a perturbation-based rehabilitation training. Dynamic balance was assessed using the Community Balance and Mobility scale (CB&M) and the 10-Meter Walking Test (10MWT). Brain function was estimated using resting-state fMRI imaging that was analysed using independent component analysis (ICA), and regions-of-interest analyses. Brain morphology was also assessed using structural MRI. ICA revealed a reduction in component-related activation within the sensorimotor and cerebellar networks post-intervention. Improvement in CB&M scale was associated with a reduction in FC within the cerebellar network and with baseline FC within the cerebellar-putamen and cerebellar-thalamic networks. Improvement in 10MWT was associated with baseline FC within the cerebellar-putamen and cerebellar-cortical networks. Brain volume analysis did not reveal structural correlates of dynamic balance, but dynamic balance was correlated with time since injury. Our results show that dynamic balance recovery is associated with FC reduction within and between the cerebellar and sensorimotor networks. The lack of global structural correlates of dynamic balance may point to the involvement of specific networks in balance control.
A biodegradable chipless sensor for wireless subsoil health monitoring
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Sarath , Waimin Jose , Zareei Amin , Sedaghat Sotoudeh , Raghunathan Nithin , Shakouri Ali , Rahimi Rahim 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPrecision Agriculture (PA) is an integral component of the contemporary agricultural revolution that focuses on enhancing food productivity in proportion to the increasing global population while minimizing resource waste. While the recent advancements in PA, such as the integration of IoT (Internet of Things) sensors, have significantly improved the surveillance of field conditions to achieve high yields, the presence of batteries and electronic chips makes them expensive and non-biodegradable. To address these limitations, for the first time, we have developed a fully Degradable Intelligent Radio Transmitting Sensor (DIRTS) that allows remote sensing of subsoil volumetric water using drone-assisted wireless monitoring. The device consists of a simple miniaturized resonating antenna encapsulated in a biodegradable polymer material such that the resonant frequency of the device is dependent on the dielectric properties of the soil surrounding the encapsulated structure. The simple structure of DIRTS enables scalable additive manufacturing processes using cost-effective, biodegradable materials to fabricate them in a miniaturized size, thereby facilitating their automated distribution in the soil. As a proof-of-concept, we present the use of DIRTS in lab and field conditions where the sensors demonstrate the capability to detect volumetric water content within the range of 3.7–23.5% with a minimum sensitivity of 9.07 MHz/%. Remote sensing of DIRTS can be achieved from an elevation of 40 cm using drones to provide comparable performance to lab measurements. A systematic biodegradation study reveals that DIRTS can provide stable readings within the expected duration of 1 year with less than 4% change in sensitivity before signs of degradation. DIRTS provides a new steppingstone toward advancing precision agriculture while minimizing the environmental footprint.
Neural network dynamic surface position control of n‐joint robot driven by PMSM with unknown load observer
Authors: Yang Qing , Yu Haisheng , Meng Xiangxiang , Shang Yuliang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTo solve the problems of low accuracy and poor stability due to modeling error, external disturbance and unknown load, which exist in the position servo control of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) driven joint robot, this article is to propose the radial basis function (RBF) neural networks dynamic surface control strategy with the Sage‐Husa adaptive Kalman filter load torque observer. For the unknown load torque of the robot, the PMSM load torque observer is established by using the Sage‐Huga adaptive Kalman filter. The RBF neural network dynamic surface controller is designed using the online approximation capability of the neural network, which is used to approximate the modeling error, external interference and filtering error generated by the dynamic surface control of the joint robot online. Combining the above strategies, the n‐joint robot position controller is designed. The stability of this control strategy is demonstrated by stability analysis. Simulations and experiments on the two‐joint robot show that the control strategy ensures the accuracy and stability of the joint robot position control.
A fabrication method for adaptive dielectric gradient insulating components
Authors: Shen Zikui , Jia Zhidong , Hao Yanpeng , Xin Zhenyu , Wang Xilin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDielectric gradient components have advantages in electric field mitigation and insulation improvement. In this paper, we propose a fabrication method for adaptive dielectric gradient components using in situ AC electric field, including the mechanism and the corresponding operational procedures for industrial applications. Based on the electric polarisation and self‐assembly effect of the filler particles in the liquid matrix, the chain‐like structure in the high field strength region is constructed to enhance the local permittivity and mitigate the maximum of the spatial electric field. The dielectric gradient basin insulator is prepared by this method, and its flashover voltage is increased by 12.8% compared with that of a homogeneous dielectric basin insulator, and the improvement is 20.8% when metal particles are present on the surface. The more non‐uniform the initial electric field is, the greater the improvement in flashover voltage. This method is expected to promote the industrial application of dielectric gradient insulating components.
VLBI observations of VIK J2318−3113, a quasar atz = 6.44
Authors: Zhang Y. , An T. , Wang A. , Frey S. , Gurvits L. I. , Gabányi K. É. , Perger K. , Paragi Z. 
Published: May 2022

Context.The nature of jets in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the early Universe and their feedback to the host galaxy remains a highly topical question. Observations of the radio structure of high-redshift AGNs enabled by very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) provide indispensable input into studies of their properties and role in the galaxies’ evolution. To date, only five AGNs at redshiftz > 6 have been studied with the VLBI technique.Aims.VIK J2318−3113 is a recently discovered quasar atz = 6.44 that had not been imaged with VLBI before the current work. Here we present the first VLBI imaging results of this high-redshift quasar, with the aim of corroborating its high-resolution appearance with the physical model of the object.Methods.We carried out VLBI phase-referencing observations of VIK J2318−3113 using the Very Long Baseline Array at two frequencies, 1.6 and 4.7 GHz, and obtained the first view at the radio structure on the milliarcsecond scale.Results.The source was clearly detected at 1.6 GHz. We found that almost all of its radio emission comes from the parsec-scale core region. Our dual-frequency observations constrain the spectral index and brightness temperature of the radio core. Its properties are similar to those of other known high-redshift radio-loud AGNs.
Thermodynamics of Graphene beyond the Linear Approximation
Authors: Mir Showkat Ahmad , Shah M. Ashraf 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we study the thermodynamic correction due to the deformed Dirac equation in a homogeneous magnetic field. We study the deformation of both the massive and massless Dirac equation. The deformation will occur from generalized uncertainty principle, which occurs due to a minimal length. As the massless Dirac equation in (2+1) gives the behaviour of electrons in systems like sheet of graphene, this deformed Dirac equation will be used to analyze the thermal properties of graphene in a magnetic eld. Due to the existence of minimal length the degeneracy of systems gets modied, as there exist states which vanish when minimal length considerations are ignored. Thus, we will also analyze the implication of this additional degeneracy due to these states to the thermodynamics of the systems. In the case of graphene the minimal length or zero point length is the inter-atomic distance, which occurs by going beyond the linear regime of graphene.
Anisotropic and valley-resolved beam-splitter based on a tilted Dirac system
Authors: Zhou Xixuan , Zheng Jianlong , Zhai Feng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We investigate theoretically valley-resolved lateral shift of electrons traversing an n–p–n junction bulit on a typical tilted Dirac system (8-Pmmn borophene). A gauge-invariant formula on Goos–Hänchen (GH) shift of transmitted beams is derived, which holds for any anisotropic isoenergy surface. The tilt term brings valley dependence of relative position between the isoenergy surface in n region and that in the p region. Consequently, valley double refraction can occur at the n–p interface. The exiting positions of two valley-polarized beams depend on the incident angle and energy of incident beam and barrier parameters. Their spatial distance D can be enhanced to be ten to a hundred times larger than the barrier width. Due to tilting-induced high anisotropy of the isoenergy surface, D depends strongly on the barrier orientation. It is always zero when the junction is along the tilt direction of Dirac cones. Thus GH effect of transmitted beams in tilted Dirac systems can be utilized to design anisotropic and valley-resolved beam-splitter.
A new effective potential for deuteron
Authors: Koohrokhi Taha , Kartal Sehban 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We calculate for the first time the static properties of the deuteron, within the framework of supersymmetric quantum mechanics, analytically. A new effective potential and its partner are derived from a superpotential so that all parameters are fitted by the experimental data. An analytical expression is obtained for the deuteron wave function and contributions of the orthogonal 13
S
1 and 13
D
1 states are determined, explicitly. Compared to one pion exchange, the superpotential produces an electrostatic as well as two pion exchange terms for the potential. The saddle point radius of the potential and the maximum of the wave function are linearly proportional. In comparison with other methods, the approach presented in this paper is a new and extensible symmetry-based approach that, despite its straightforward calculations and explicit analytical expressions, provides a good explanation for two-body effective interactions such as two-nucleon systems and diatomic molecules.
Multiple aspects of the maternal reproductive investment in a polytocous species: What do mothers really control?
Authors: Brogi Rudy , Chirichella Roberta , Merli Enrico , Apollonio Marco 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
One of the factors facilitating the expansion and proliferation of wild boar Sus scrofa is the plasticity of its reproductive biology. Nevertheless, the real influence of maternal and environmental factors on number and sex of the offspring is still controversial. While the litter size was shown to be related with the maternal condition, the strength of this relation remains to be understood, together with the possible role played by environmental conditions. Analogously, it is unclear whether wild boar females can adjust their offspring sex. We investigated multiple aspects of wild boar maternal investment by means of a 10-year dataset of female reproductive traits and a set of biologically meaningful environmental variables. The maternal condition slightly affected the litter size but not the offspring sex, and environment did not affect the litter size or the offspring sex. Moreover, mothers did not cope with the higher costs entailed by producing sons by placing them in the most advantageous intrauterine position, nor by allocating less resources on daughters. Our set of results showed that the female reproductive investment is quite rigid in comparison with other aspects of wild boar reproductive biology. Wild boar females seem to adopt a typical r-strategy, producing constantly large litters and allocating resources on both sexes regardless of internal and external conditions. Such strategy may be adaptive to cope with environmental unpredictability and an intense human harvest, contributing to explain the extreme success of wild boar within human-dominated landscapes.
Evolution of parthenogenetic reproduction in Caucasian rock lizards: A review
Authors: Arakelyan Marine , Spangenberg Victor , Petrosyan Varos , Ryskov Alexey , Kolomiets Oksana , Galoyan Eduard 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDespite numerous works devoted to hybrid origin of parthenogenesis in reptiles, the causes of hybridization between different species, resulting in the origin of parthenogenetic forms, remain uncertain. Recent studies demonstrate that sexual species considered parental to parthenogenetic rock lizards (Darevskia spp.) avoid interspecific mating in the secondary overlap areas. A specific combination of environmental factors during last glaciation period was critical for ectotherms, which led to a change in their distribution and sex ratio. Biased population structure (e.g., male bias) and limited available distributional range favored the deviation of reproductive behavior when species switched to interspecific mates. To date, at least 7 diploid parthenogenetic species of rock lizards (Darevskia, Lacertidae) originated through interspecific hybridization in the past. The cytogenetic specifics of meiosis, in particular the weak checkpoints of prophase I, may have allowed the formation of hybrid karyotypes in rock lizards. Hybridization and polyploidization are 2 important evolutionary forces in the genus Darevskia. At present, throughout backcrossing between parthenogenetic and parental species, the triploid and tetraploid hybrid individuals appear annually, but no triploid species found among Darevskia spp. on current stage of evolution. The speciation by hybridization with the long-term stage of diploid parthenogenetic species, non-distorted meiosis, together with the high ecological plasticity of Caucasian rock lizards provide us with a new model for considering the pathways and persistence of the evolution of parthenogenesis in vertebrates.
Determinants of RPA megafoci localization to the nuclear periphery in response to replication stress
Authors: Kim Seong Min , Forsburg Susan L 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Upon replication stress, ssDNA, coated by the ssDNA-binding protein RPA, accumulates and generates a signal to activate the replication stress response. Severe replication stress induced by the loss of minichromosome maintenance helicase subunit Mcm4 in the temperature-sensitive Schizosaccharomyces pombe degron mutant (mcm4-dg) results in the formation of a large RPA focus that is translocated to the nuclear periphery. We show that resection and repair processes and chromatin remodeler Swr1/Ino80 are involved in the large RPA foci formation and its relocalization to nuclear periphery. This concentrated accumulation of RPA increases the recruitment of Cds1 to chromatin and results in an aberrant cell cycle that lacks MBF-mediated G1/S accumulation of Tos4. These findings reveal a distinct replication stress response mediated by localized accumulation of RPA that allows the evasion of cell cycle arrest.
A Saccharomyces cerevisiae model and screen to define the functional consequences of oncogenic histone missense mutations
Authors: Lemon Laramie D , Kannan Sneha , Mo Kim Wai , Adams Miranda , Choi Haley G , Gulka Alexander O D , Withers Elise S , Nurelegne Hasset T , Gomez Valeria , Ambrocio Reina E , Tumminkatti Rhea , Lee Richard S , Wan Morris , Fasken Milo B , Spangle Jennifer M , Corbett Anita H 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Somatic missense mutations in histone genes turn these essential proteins into oncohistones, which can drive oncogenesis. Understanding how missense mutations alter histone function is challenging in mammals as mutations occur in a single histone gene. For example, described oncohistone mutations predominantly occur in the histone H3.3 gene, despite the human genome encoding 15 H3 genes. To understand how oncogenic histone missense mutations alter histone function, we leveraged the budding yeast model, which contains only 2 H3 genes, to explore the functional consequences of oncohistones H3K36M, H3G34W, H3G34L, H3G34R, and H3G34V. Analysis of cells that express each of these variants as the sole copy of H3 reveals that H3K36 mutants show different drug sensitivities compared to H3G34 mutants. This finding suggests that changes to proximal amino acids in the H3 N-terminal tail alter distinct biological pathways. We exploited the caffeine-sensitive growth of H3K36-mutant cells to perform a high copy suppressor screen. This screen identified genes linked to histone function and transcriptional regulation, including Esa1, a histone H4/H2A acetyltransferase; Tos4, a forkhead-associated domain-containing gene expression regulator; Pho92, an N6-methyladenosine RNA-binding protein; and Sgv1/Bur1, a cyclin-dependent kinase. We show that the Esa1 lysine acetyltransferase activity is critical for suppression of the caffeine-sensitive growth of H3K36R-mutant cells while the previously characterized binding interactions of Tos4 and Pho92 are not required for suppression. This screen identifies pathways that could be altered by oncohistone mutations and highlights the value of yeast genetics to identify pathways altered by such mutations.
A haploid pseudo-chromosome genome assembly for a keystone sagebrush species of western North American rangelands
Authors: Melton Anthony E , Child Andrew W , Beard Richard S , Dumaguit Carlos Dave C , Forbey Jennifer S , Germino Matthew , de Graaff Marie-Anne , Kliskey Andrew , Leitch Ilia J , Martinez Peggy , Novak Stephen J , Pellicer Jaume , Richardson Bryce A , Self Desiree , Serpe Marcelo , Buerki Sven 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Increased ecological disturbances, species invasions, and climate change are creating severe conservation problems for several plant species that are widespread and foundational. Understanding the genetic diversity of these species and how it relates to adaptation to these stressors are necessary for guiding conservation and restoration efforts. This need is particularly acute for big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata; Asteraceae), which was once the dominant shrub over 1,000,000 km2 in western North America but has since retracted by half and thus has become the target of one of the largest restoration seeding efforts globally. Here, we present the first reference-quality genome assembly for an ecologically important subspecies of big sagebrush (A. tridentata subsp. tridentata) based on short and long reads, as well as chromatin proximity ligation data analyzed using the HiRise pipeline. The final 4.2-Gb assembly consists of 5,492 scaffolds, with nine pseudo-chromosomal scaffolds (nine scaffolds comprising at least 90% of the assembled genome; n = 9). The assembly contains an estimated 43,377 genes based on ab initio gene discovery and transcriptional data analyzed using the MAKER pipeline, with 91.37% of BUSCOs being completely assembled. The final assembly was highly repetitive, with repeat elements comprising 77.99% of the genome, making the Artemisia tridentata subsp. tridentata genome one of the most highly repetitive plant genomes to be sequenced and assembled. This genome assembly advances studies on plant adaptation to drought and heat stress and provides a valuable tool for future genomic research.