bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One-step synthesis of n-CdO/n-SnO2 heterojunction nanofibers for high-performance 3-hydroxy-2-butanone gas sensing
Authors: Jiang Ziqiao , Wang Ce , Yang Zhenglong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Listeria monocytogenes (LM) is a pathogenic bacterium which can release 3-hydroxy-2-butanone (3H-2B) as a biological indicator. We report a high-performance 3H-2B gas sensing strategy for the selective detection of LM. This strategy is realized by n-CdO/n-SnO2 hetero-nanofibers with controllable compositions, synthesized via a facile one-step electrospinning method. The tailored morphologies and microstructures of CdO/SnO2 nanofibers were systematically characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). With the introduction of CdO into SnO2 nanofibers, x-ray diffraction (XRD) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were performed to investigate the effects of crystal phases and elemental states on the 3H-2B sensing properties. According to the gas sensing results, the variation of Cd/Sn molar ratios has a great influence on the 3H-2B sensing properties of CdO/SnO2 nanofibers. The maximum response (45) to 5 ppm 3H-2B is found for 5 mol% CdO/SnO2 nanofibers at 260 °C. Meanwhile, 5 mol% CdO/SnO2 nanofibers exhibit a short response/recovery time (9 s/5 s), outstanding stability, and discriminative selectivity to 3H-2B. The enhanced sensing performance is mainly attributed to the synergy between the resistance modulation of n-CdO/n-SnO2 heterojunctions and the doping effect of Cd2+ ions.
Adaptive energy-preserving algorithms for guiding center system
Authors: ZHU Beibei , LIU Jian , ZHANG Jiawei , ZHU Aiqing , TANG Yifa 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We develop two types of adaptive energy preserving algorithms based on the averaged vector field for the guiding center dynamics, which plays a key role in magnetized plasmas. The adaptive scheme is applied to the Gauss Legendre’s quadrature rules and time stepsize respectively to overcome the energy drift problem in traditional energy-preserving algorithms. These new adaptive algorithms are second order, and their algebraic order is carefully studied. Numerical results show that the global energy errors are bounded to the machine precision over long time using these adaptive algorithms without massive extra computation cost.
Impact of a subcutaneous casirivimab and imdevimab clinic in outpatients with symptomatic COVID-19: A single-center, propensity-matched cohort study
Authors: Rhudy Christian , Bochenek Samantha , Thomas Justin , St. James Gerald , Zeltner Matthew , Platt Thom 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the success of a clinic for subcutaneous administration of casirivmab and imdevimab (REGEN-COV; Regeneron) for treatment of patients with symptomatic mild to moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in terms of preventing disease progression and healthcare utilization.MethodsThis retrospective single-center, propensity-matched cohort study examined healthcare utilization outcomes for patients who received subcutaneous casirivimab and imdevimab at a pharmacist-led clinic of an academic health system. Eligible patients were treated between August 1, 2021, and January 5, 2022, and were at high risk for COVID-19 disease progression. Treatment patients were propensity matched with high-risk control patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19 in the same timeframe who did not receive casirivimab and imdevimab. Patients were followed for 30 days for collection of data on inpatient admissions, emergency department visits, and mortality. Risk of a 30-day healthcare utilization event was assessed and tested for statistical significance utilizing McNemar’s test.ResultsA total of 585 patients who received treatment with subcutaneous casirivimab and imdevimab were matched with 585 patients who did not receive casirivimab and imdevimab therapy. Patients who received casirivimab and imdevimab had significantly lower risk of a 30-day all-cause inpatient admission event than untreated patients (relative risk reduction, 62.4%; P &lt; 0.0001). Treated patients also had a significantly lower risk of 30-day all-cause emergency department visit than untreated subjects (relative risk reduction, 36.5%; P = 0.0021). There were 6 mortality events in the untreated group and no mortality events in the treatment group.ConclusionThis study provides evidence for the effectiveness of a subcutaneous casirivimab and imdevimab clinic in preventing progression of symptomatic mild to moderate COVID-19.
Regional Pain Blocks and Perioperative Pain Control in Patients Undergoing Breast Implant Removal with Capsulectomy
Authors: Katsnelson Jacob Y , Goodman David A , Paterson Casey K , Buinewicz Brian R 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
Demand for breast implant removal with capsulectomy is on the rise, with more than 36,000 explants performed in 2020, an increase of nearly 7.5% from previous years. Postoperative analgesia is an important consideration in this patient group due to scar tissue surrounding the implant and the potential for extensive dissection during capsulectomy.

Objectives
We sought to compare perioperative pain control between several different types of ultrasound-guided regional anesthetic techniques in patients undergoing implant removal with capsulectomy.

Methods
We reviewed all patients who received an ultrasound-guided block and underwent breast implant removal with capsulectomy at our outpatient surgical center over a two-year period. We compared intraoperative, postoperative opioid requirement, and patient-reported pain on the first postoperative day (POD1) between three different block techniques using chi-square analysis. A p-value &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
352 patients met inclusion criteria. 26 patients (7.4%) underwent a serratus plane block (SP), 13 (3.7%) underwent an erector spinae combined with pectointercostal fascial plane block (ES+PIFP), and 313 (88.9%) underwent an erector spinae combined with pectoral nerve block (ES+PECS1). ES+PECS1 was associated with less intraoperative and postoperative opioid use compared with SP and ES+PIFP (1.9% vs 19.2% vs 61.5%, p&lt;0.001 for intraoperative, 26.8% vs 34.6% vs 38.5% postoperative, p&lt;0.001). ES+PECS1 block was associated with mild pain on POD1 compared with the other two regional block techniques (p=0.001).

Conclusions
Regional pain blocks, and specifically the ES block offer effective pain control for patients undergoing breast implant removal with capsulectomy, demonstrating high patient satisfaction in the postoperative period with low opioid requirements.
Improving and evaluating deep learning models of cellular organization
Authors: Sun Huangqingbo , Fu Xuecong , Abraham Serena , Jin Shen , Murphy Robert F 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Motivation
Cells contain dozens of major organelles and thousands of other structures, many of which vary extensively in their number, size, shape and spatial distribution. This complexity and variation dramatically complicates the use of both traditional and deep learning methods to build accurate models of cell organization. Most cellular organelles are distinct objects with defined boundaries that do not overlap, while the pixel resolution of most imaging methods is n sufficient to resolve these boundaries. Thus while cell organization is conceptually object-based, most current methods are pixel-based. Using extensive image collections in which particular organelles were fluorescently labeled, deep learning methods can be used to build conditional autoencoder models for particular organelles. A major advance occurred with the use of a U-net approach to make multiple models all conditional upon a common reference, unlabeled image, allowing the relationships between different organelles to be at least partially inferred.

Results
We have developed improved Generative Adversarial Networks-based approaches for learning these models and have also developed novel criteria for evaluating how well synthetic cell images reflect the properties of real images. The first set of criteria measure how well models preserve the expected property that organelles do not overlap. We also developed a modified loss function that allows retraining of the models to minimize that overlap. The second set of criteria uses object-based modeling to compare object shape and spatial distribution between synthetic and real images. Our work provides the first demonstration that, at least for some organelles, deep learning models can capture object-level properties of cell images.

Availability and implementation
http://murphylab.cbd.cmu.edu/Software/2022_insilico.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Critical Reflective Learning in Social Work Graduate Research: Learnings from an Australian Study in Child Protection Service Delivery
Authors: Modderman Corina , McMahon Mishel , McPherson Lynne , Threlkeld Guinever 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Assumptions and worldviews shape social work research, particularly when influenced by settler colonialism in contemporary Australia. This article explores experiences from graduate research drawing on Ruch’s model of reflective learning and Fook and Gardner’s action-orientated approach to critical reflection. Written following PhD completion, it investigates significant learnings by reviewing reflective journal entries, feedback on draft manuscripts and supervision notes that were made during the time of the study. Deconstructing and reconstructing assumptions across all phases of graduate research show the trajectory from experienced social worker to novice researcher and the context within which this learning takes place. This process foregrounds graduate research influenced by Australia’s demographic, historical and political context in which the impact of colonisation continues to reverberate. Critical interrogation is required for socially just change. Currently, there remains a risk that graduate research produces knowledge that is founded on and shared through white perspectives, maintaining the status quo. Critical reflective learning needs a stimulating and safe learning environment that encourages hidden assumptions to surface and be openly questioned. This study concludes that personal and professional biases unconsciously influence graduate research and need to be identified in a constructive and supportive learning environment.
Clinically Adjudicated Reference Standards for Evaluation of Infectious Diseases Diagnostics
Authors: Patel Robin , Tsalik Ephraim L , Evans Scott , Fowler Vance G , Doernberg Sarah B ,   for The Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Lack of a gold standard can present a challenge for evaluation of diagnostic test accuracy of some infectious diseases tests, particularly when the test's accuracy potentially exceeds that of its predecessors. This approach may measure agreement with an imperfect reference, rather than correctness, because the right answer is unknown. Solutions consist of multitest comparators, including those that involve a test under evaluation if multiple new tests are being evaluated together, using latent class modeling, and clinically adjudicated reference standards. Clinically adjudicated reference standards may be considered as comparator methods when no predefined test or composite of tests is sufficiently accurate; they emulate clinical practice in that multiple data pieces are clinically assessed together.
A Modified Firefly Deep Ensemble for Microarray Data Classification
Authors: S Arul Antran Vijay , V Jothi Prakash 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Many researchers are using microarray technology to examine and investigate the levels of gene expression in a specific organism, which is an emerging trend in the field of genetic research. Microarray studies have a wide range of applications in the health sector, including disease prediction and diagnostics, as well as cancer research. Due to the existence of irrelevant or duplicated data in microarray datasets, it is difficult to correctly and immediately capture possible patterns using existing algorithms. Feature selection (FS) has evolved into a critical approach for identifying and eliminating the most pertinent qualities. The enormous dimensionality of microarray datasets, on the other hand, presents a significant barrier to the majority of available FS techniques. In this research, we propose a Modified Firefly Feature Selection (MFFS) algorithm that will reduce the irrelevant attributes needed for classification and a Deep Learning Model for classifying the microarray data. The experimental outcomes show that the proposed MFFS algorithm combined with a Hybrid Deep Learning Algorithm outperforms the existing methods in terms of feature set size, accuracy, precision, recall, F-measure and AUC for a dataset with larger number of features.
Prognostic implication of premature ventricular contractions in patients without structural heart disease
Authors: Scorza Raffaele , Jonsson Martin , Friberg Leif , Rosenqvist Mårten , Frykman Viveka 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimsPremature ventricular contractions (PVCs) are a common form of arrhythmia associated with an unfavourable prognosis in patients with structural heart disease. However, the prognostic significance in absence of heart disease is debated. With this study, we aim to investigate whether subjects with PVC, without structural heart disease, have a worse prognosis than the general population.Methods and resultsPatients evaluated for PVC at a secondary care centre in Stockholm County from January 2010 to December 2016 were identified. We included patients without history of previous heart disease who had undergone echocardiography and exercise test with normal findings. Based on sex and age, we matched the PVC cohort to a four times bigger control group from the general population and compared the outcome in terms of mortality and cardiovascular morbidity during a median follow-up time of 5.2 years. We included 820 patients and 3,264 controls. Based on a non-inferiority analysis, the PVC group did not have a higher mortality than the control group (0.44, CI 0.27–0.72). Sensitivity analysis with propensity score matching confirmed this result.ConclusionsPVC patients, who after thorough evaluation showed no signs of structural heart disease, did not have a worse prognosis when compared to an age- and sex- control group based on the general population.
On the Three-dimensionality of Flow in the Neo-sinus and its Implications for Subclinical Leaflet Thrombosis
Authors: Qiu Dong , Azadani Ali N 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Subclinical leaflet thrombosis is a silent phenomenon commonly observed following transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Leaflet thrombosis is associated with ischaemic complications and structural valve deterioration. Prior studies have shown that blood stasis in neo-sinus contributes to the initiation and growth of subclinical leaflet thrombosis. This study aimed to quantify temporal and spatial characteristics of the flow field from a fundamental perspective.

METHODS
in vitro experimental analysis and fluid-solid interaction simulations were employed to characterize the flow field of a transcatheter aortic valve (TAV) with an intra-annular design in a pulse duplicator. Blood residence time (BRT) and flow-induced viscous shear stress were measured in the neo-sinus and on the surface of TAV leaflets.

RESULTS
Temporal and spatial velocity variations were observed in neo-sinus, indicating that the flow is time-dependent and fully three-dimensional. The degree of blood stasis in the neo-sinus (bulk fluid) and on the surface of the TAV leaflets highly depends on the local flow characteristics. Regional flow variation in the neo-sinus resulted in substantial variations in BRT magnitude in the neo-sinus and on the surface of the TAV leaflet. Areas with a high degree of blood stasis were observed near the fixed boundary edge of the leaflets.

CONCLUSIONS
The study indicated that leaflet motion is a primary driver of flow in neo-sinus. Considering the substantial variations in BRT magnitude in the neo-sinus (bulk fluid), blood stasis should be quantified locally on the surface of foreign (valve) materials to avoid errors in forecasting the risk of subclinical leaflet thrombosis in patients undergoing TAVI.
Integrating real-world data from Brazil and Pakistan into the OMOP common data model and standardized health analytics framework to characterize COVID-19 in the Global South
Authors: Junior Elzo Pereira Pinto , Normando Priscilla , Flores-Ortiz Renzo , Afzal Muhammad Usman , Jamil Muhammad Asaad , Bertolin Sergio Fernandez , Oliveira Vinícius de Araújo , Martufi Valentina , de Sousa Fernanda , Bashir Amir , Burn Edward , Ichihara Maria Yury , Barreto Maurício L , Salles Talita Duarte , Prieto-Alhambra Daniel , Hafeez Haroon , Khalid Sara 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this work is to demonstrate the use of a standardized health informatics framework to generate reliable and reproducible real-world evidence from Latin America and South Asia towards characterizing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the Global South.Materials and MethodsPatient-level COVID-19 records collected in a patient self-reported notification system, hospital in-patient and out-patient records, and community diagnostic labs were harmonized to the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership common data model and analyzed using a federated network analytics framework. Clinical characteristics of individuals tested for, diagnosed with or tested positive for, hospitalized with, admitted to intensive care unit with, or dying with COVID-19 were estimated.ResultsTwo COVID-19 databases covering 8.3 million people from Pakistan and 2.6 million people from Bahia, Brazil were analyzed. 109 504 (Pakistan) and 921 (Brazil) medical concepts were harmonized to Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership common data model. In total, 341 505 (4.1%) people in the Pakistan dataset and 1 312 832 (49.2%) people in the Brazilian dataset were tested for COVID-19 between January 1, 2020 and April 20, 2022, with a median [IQR] age of 36 [25, 76] and 38 (27, 50); 40.3% and 56.5% were female in Pakistan and Brazil, respectively. 1.2% percent individuals in the Pakistan dataset had Afghan ethnicity. In Brazil, 52.3% had mixed ethnicity. In agreement with international findings, COVID-19 outcomes were more severe in men, elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.ConclusionsCOVID-19 data from 2 large countries in the Global South were harmonized and analyzed using a standardized health informatics framework developed by an international community of health informaticians. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates a potential open science framework for global knowledge mobilization and clinical translation for timely response to healthcare needs in pandemics and beyond.
A Unified Protocol for CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Gene Knockout in Tephritid Fruit Flies Led to the Recreation of White Eye and White Puparium Phenotypes in the Melon Fly
Authors: Paulo Daniel F , Cha Alex Y , Kauwe Angela N , Curbelo Keena , Corpuz Renee L , Simmonds Tyler J , Sim Sheina B , Geib Scott M 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTephritid fruit flies are among the most invasive and destructive agricultural pests worldwide. Over recent years, many studies have implemented the CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing technology to dissect gene functions in tephritids and create new strains to facilitate their genetics, management, and control. This growing literature allows us to compare diverse strategies for delivering CRISPR/Cas9 components into tephritid embryos, optimize procedures, and advance the technology to systems outside the most thoroughly studied species within the family. Here, we revisit five years of CRISPR research in Tephritidae and propose a unified protocol for candidate gene knockout in fruit flies using CRISPR/Cas9. We demonstrated the efficiency of our protocol by disrupting the eye pigmentation gene white eye (we) in the melon fly, Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae). High rates of somatic and germline mutagenesis were induced by microinjecting pre-assembled Cas9-sgRNA complexes through the chorion of embryos at early embryogenesis, leading to the rapid development of new mutant lines. We achieved comparable results when targeting the we orthologue in the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), illustrating the reliability of our methods when transferred to other related species. Finally, we functionally validated the recently discovered white pupae (wp) loci in the melon fly, successfully recreating the white puparium phenotype used in suppression programs of this and other major economically important tephritids. This is the first demonstration of CRISPR-based genome-editing in the genus Zeugodacus, and we anticipate that the procedures described here will contribute to advancing genome-editing in other non-model tephritid fruit flies.
A New Species of the GenusPeriglischrus(Acari: Spinturnicidae) onLeptonycteris nivalis(Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) From Mexico, Including a Key to Species of thevargasiSpecies Group
Authors: Morales-Malacara Juan B , López-Ortega Gerardo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPeriglischrus calcariflexus new species, was found on the Greater Long-tongued bat Leptonycteris nivalis (Saussure) in Mexico. The female, male, deutonymphs, and protonymph are described and illustrated. Additionally, we evaluate the morphological variability of this species based on its geographical distribution. Considering this new species, the number of species in the vargasi species group within the genus Periglischrus increases to five; therefore, herein we include a key for the known species in the vargasi species group for the Neotropics.
Neutron stars colliding with binary companions: formation of hypervelocity stars, pulsar planets, bumpy superluminous supernovae and Thorne–Żytkow objects
Authors: Hirai Ryosuke , Podsiadlowski Philipp 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
We perform three-dimensional (3D) hydrodynamical simulations of new-born neutron stars (NSs) colliding with main-sequence binary companions after a supernova explosion. Based on those hydrodynamical models, we construct a semi-analytical formula that describes the drag force inside stars with steep density gradients. We then compute the outcome of NS–companion collisions over a wide range of parameters using the semi-analytical formula. Depending on the direction and magnitude of the natal kick, we find that the collision may lead to various outcomes. For relatively fast kicks and high impact parameters, the NS may penetrate the companion star envelope without merging. By allowing the NS to plunge through their companions, the companion can be accelerated to have runaway velocities up to ∼10 per cent above the theoretical upper limit considered in classical binary disruption scenarios. The NS can capture and carry away up to a few per cent of the companion envelope as it escapes, which may form pulsar planets or cause outflows through accretion to heat the ejecta from inside and power the supernova light curve. For lower impact parameters, the NS will directly merge with the companion and form a Thorne–Żytkow object. In intermediate cases, the NS penetrates the companion envelope several times before merging, possibly causing multiple bumps in the supernova light curve like in SN2015bn and SN2019stc.