bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multimodal combination of neuroimaging methods for localizing the epileptogenic zone in MR-negative epilepsy
Authors: Říha Pavel , Doležalová Irena , Mareček Radek , Lamoš Martin , Bartoňová Michaela , Kojan Martin , Mikl Michal , Gajdoš Martin , Vojtíšek Lubomír , Bartoň Marek , Strýček Ondřej , Pail Martin , Brázdil Milan , Rektor Ivan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe objective was to determine the optimal combination of multimodal imaging methods (IMs) for localizing the epileptogenic zone (EZ) in patients with MR-negative drug-resistant epilepsy. Data from 25 patients with MR-negative focal epilepsy (age 30 ± 10 years, 16M/9F) who underwent surgical resection of the EZ and from 110 healthy controls (age 31 ± 9 years; 56M/54F) were used to evaluate IMs based on 3T MRI, FDG-PET, HD-EEG, and SPECT. Patients with successful outcomes and/or positive histological findings were evaluated. From 38 IMs calculated per patient, 13 methods were selected by evaluating the mutual similarity of the methods and the accuracy of the EZ localization. The best results in postsurgical patients for EZ localization were found for ictal/ interictal SPECT (SISCOM), FDG-PET, arterial spin labeling (ASL), functional regional homogeneity (ReHo), gray matter volume (GMV), cortical thickness, HD electrical source imaging (ESI-HD), amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), diffusion tensor imaging, and kurtosis imaging. Combining IMs provides the method with the most accurate EZ identification in MR-negative epilepsy. The PET, SISCOM, and selected MRI-post-processing techniques are useful for EZ localization for surgical tailoring.
Sub-retinal pigment epithelium tubules in non-neovascular age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Fragiotta Serena , Parravano Mariacristina , Sacconi Riccardo , Costanzo Eliana , De Geronimo Daniele , Prascina Francesco , Capuano Vittorio , Souied Eric H. , Han Ian C. , Mullins Robert , Querques Giuseppe 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTo describe a novel optical coherence tomography (OCT) signature resembling sub-retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) tubules (SRT) in non-neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Patients suffering from non-neovascular AMD with complete medical records and multimodal imaging were retrospectively revised in three different tertiary care centers. Multimodal imaging included color fundus photograph, spectral-domain OCT (Spectralis, Heidelberg Engineering, Germany), fundus autofluorescence, OCT angiography (RTVue XR Avanti, Optovue, Inc., Fremont, CA). A total of 7 eyes of 7 patients with drusenoid pigment epithelium detachment (PED) were consecutively analyzed. The sub-RPE tubules appeared as ovoidal structures with a hyperreflective contour and hyporeflective interior appreciable in the sub-RPE-basal lamina (BL) space on OCT B-scan. The anatomical location of the sub-RPE formations was lying above the Bruch’s membrane in 5/7 cases (71.4%) or floating in the sub-RPE-BL space in 2/7 cases (28.6%). En-face OCTA revealed a curvilinear tubulation-like structure corresponding to SRT without flow signal. Sub-RPE tubules represent a newly identified OCT signature observed in eyes with drusenoid PED. The presumed origin may include a variant of calcified structure or alternatively activated RPE cells with some residual BL or basal laminar deposits attracted to BrM for craving oxygen.
Using a graph-based image segmentation algorithm for remote vital sign estimation and monitoring
Authors: Yang Xingyu , Zhang Zijian , Huang Yi , Zheng Yalin , Shen Yaochun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractReliable and contactless measurements of vital signs, such as respiration and heart rate, are still unmet needs in clinical and home settings. Mm-wave radar and video-based technologies are promising, but currently, the signal processing-based vital sign extraction methods are prone to body motion disruptions or illumination variations in the surrounding environment. Here we propose an image segmentation-based method to extract vital signs from the recorded video and mm-wave radar signals. The proposed method analyses time–frequency spectrograms obtained from Short-Time Fourier Transform rather than individual time-domain signals. This leads to much-improved robustness and accuracy of the heart rate and respiration rate extraction over existing methods. The experiments were conducted under pre- and post-exercise conditions and were repeated on multiple individuals. The results are evaluated by using four metrics against the gold standard contact-based measurements. Significant improvements were observed in terms of precision, accuracy, and stability. The performance was reflected by achieving an averaged Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) of 93.8% on multiple subjects. We believe that the proposed estimation method will help address the needs for the increasingly popular remote cardiovascular sensing and diagnosing posed by Covid-19.
Electron-acoustic solitary potential in nonextensive streaming plasma
Authors: Khan Khalid , Algahtani Obaid , Irfan Muhammad , Ali Amir 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe linear/nonlinear propagation characteristics of electron-acoustic (EA) solitons are examined in an electron-ion (EI) plasma that contains negative superthermal (dynamical) electrons as well as positively charged ions. By employing the magnetic hydrodynamic (MHD) equations and with the aid of the reductive perturbation technique, a Korteweg-de-Vries (KdV) equation is deduced. The latter admits soliton solution suffering from the superthermal electrons and the streaming flow. The utility of the modified double Laplace decomposition method (MDLDM) leads to approximate wave solutions associated with higher-order perturbation. By imposing finite perturbation on the stationary solution, and with the aid of MDLDM, we have deduced series solution for the electron-acoustic excitations. The latter admits instability and subsequent deformation of the wave profile and can’t be noticed in the KdV theory. Numerical analysis reveals that thermal correction due to superthermal electrons reduces the dimensionless phase speed $$(\bar{U}_{ph})$$

(

U

¯

ph

)

for EA wave. Moreover, a random motion spread out the dynamical electron fluid and therefore, gives rise to $$\bar{U}_{ph}$$

U

¯

ph

. A degree enhancement in temperature of superthermal (dynamical) electrons tappers of (increase) the wave steeping and the wave dispersion, enhancing (reducing) the pulse amplitude and the spatial extension of the EA solitons. Interestingly, the approximate wave solution suffers oscillation that grows in time. Our results are important for understanding the coherent EA excitation, associated with the streaming effect of electrons in the EI plasma being relevant to the earth’s magnetosphere, the ionosphere, the laboratory facilities, etc.
Advantage of endoscopic papillectomy for ampullary tumors as an alternative treatment for pancreatoduodenectomy
Authors: Abe Shohei , Sakai Arata , Masuda Atsuhiro , Miki Mika , Harada Yoshiyuki , Nagao Kae , Inomata Noriko , Kohashi Shinya , Uemura Hisahiro , Masuda Shigeto , Ashina Shigeto , Gonda Masanori , Yamakawa Kohei , Tsujimae Masahiro , Yamada Yasutaka , Tanaka Takeshi , Kobayashi Takashi , Nakano Ryota , Shiomi Hideyuki , Tsugawa Daisuke , Yanagimoto Hiroaki , Ajiki Tetsuo , Kanzawa Maki , Fukumoto Takumi , Itoh Tomoo , Kodama Yuzo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEndoscopic papillectomy for early ampullary tumors is considered a minimally invasive and useful alternative to pancreatoduodenectomy; however, its indications remain unclear. This study aimed to clarify the advantages of endoscopic papillectomy by investigating the clinical outcomes of patients who underwent endoscopic papillectomy or pancreatoduodenectomy for early ampullary tumors. Patients diagnosed with early ampullary tumors (adenoma, Tis, T1a) who underwent endoscopic papillectomy or pancreatoduodenectomy between June 2008 and October 2019 were included, and their clinical outcomes were analyzed. Seventy-four patients (34 patients with adenomas and 40 patients with adenocarcinomas) were divided into two groups, namely endoscopic papillectomy (n = 43) and pancreatoduodenectomy (n = 31). The estimated 5-year overall survival rate of all early ampullary tumors was 92%. Complete resection rate was significantly lower for endoscopic papillectomy patients versus pancreatoduodenectomy patients (48.8% vs. 100%; p < 0.001). Recurrence was more common in the endoscopic papillectomy group compared to the pancreatoduodenectomy group (16.3% vs. 3.2%; p = 0.128), but all recurrences were controllable by endoscopic treatment. The median length of hospital stay for the endoscopic papillectomy group was significantly shorter compared to the endoscopic papillectomy group (11 days vs. 42 days; p < 0.001). The Comprehensive Complication Index was significantly lower in the endoscopic papillectomy group compared to the pancreatoduodenectomy group (14.8 vs 22.6%; p = 0.002). Endoscopic papillectomy for early ampullary tumors is useful and may be an alternative treatment for pancreatoduodenectomy in selected cases.
The near-field tsunami generated by the 15 January 2022 eruption of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcano and its impact on Tongatapu, Tonga
Authors: Pakoksung Kwanchai , Suppasri Anawat , Imamura Fumihiko 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOn 15 January 2022 at 04:15 UTC, the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai (HTHH) volcano in Tonga produced a massive eruption that triggered a transoceanic tsunami generated by the coupled ocean and atmospheric shock wave produced during the explosion. The tsunami first reached the coast of Tonga and eventually reached many coasts around the world. This volcano previously underwent a massive eruption in 1100 AD, and an eruption occurs approximately every 1000 years. The 2022 HTHH event provides an opportunity to study a major volcanically generated tsunami that caused substantial damage. In this study, we present a numerical simulation of a tsunami with a state-of-the-art numerical model based on a submarine explosion scenario. We constrain the geometry and magnitude of the explosion energy source based on analyses of pre- and post-event satellite images, which demonstrate that the explosion magnitude varied from 1 to 90 megatons of trinitrotoluene (Mt). Estimated submarine explosion geometries result in a suitable explosion magnitude of approximately 25 Mt, as determined with the waveform from the tide gauge in the time and frequency domains. The tsunami wave first reached the northwestern part of Tonga’s Tongatapu within 10 min, with a maximum runup height of approximately 15 m, and covered the whole of Tongatapu within 30 min. Finally, the numerical simulation provides deep insights into the physical volcanic explosion processes and improves our understanding and forecasting capabilities of frequent and catastrophic tsunamis caused by submarine volcanic explosions.
Lumbar spine localisation method based on feature fusion
Authors: Zhang Yonghong , Hu Ning , Li Zhuofu , Ji Xuquan , Liu Shanshan , Sha Youyang , Song Xiongkang , Zhang Jian , Hu Lei , Li Weishi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTo eliminate unnecessary background information, such as soft tissues in original CT images and the adverse impact of the similarity of adjacent spines on lumbar image segmentation and surgical path planning, a two‐stage approach for localising lumbar segments is proposed. First, based on the multi‐scale feature fusion technology, a non‐linear regression method is used to achieve accurate localisation of the overall spatial region of the lumbar spine, effectively eliminating useless background information, such as soft tissues. In the second stage, we directly realised the precise positioning of each segment in the lumbar spine space region based on the non‐linear regression method, thus effectively eliminating the interference caused by the adjacent spine. The 3D Intersection over Union (3D_IOU) is used as the main evaluation indicator for the positioning accuracy. On an open dataset, 3D_IOU values of 0.8339 ± 0.0990 and 0.8559 ± 0.0332 in the first and second stages, respectively is achieved. In addition, the average time required for the proposed method in the two stages is 0.3274 and 0.2105 s respectively. Therefore, the proposed method performs very well in terms of both precision and speed and can effectively improve the accuracy of lumbar image segmentation and the effect of surgical path planning.
An inertia‐emulation‐based cooperative control strategy and parameters design for multi‐parallel energy storage system in islanded DC microgrids
Authors: Lin Gang , Liu Jiayan , Zhou Yang , Li Yong , Rehtanz Christian , Wang Shaoyang , Wang Pengcheng , Zuo Wei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes an inertia‐emulation‐based cooperative control strategy for the multi‐parallel energy storage system (ESS) to meet the requirements of state‐of‐charge (SoC) balance, inertia enhancement and zero‐steady‐state voltage deviation. The inertia emulation loop (IEL) is constructed by analogy with DC motors to dampen voltage oscillation, while the secondary voltage recovery loop is derived from the circuit equivalence of an inductor to indicate the system stiffness. Moreover, to equalize SoCs of energy storage units (ESUs) dynamically, a SoC self‐balance algorithm is developed. The redefined SoC mismatch degree and balance speed adjustment factor k are introduced into the droop resistance, adjusting the SoC self‐balance rate and eliminating the SoC deviation among ESUs. The dynamic performance of the SoC self‐balance algorithm is analyzed and the small signal model of the DC microgrid (DC‐MG) with proposed strategy is established. Based on eigenvalue analysis and step response, the system stability is assessed, and the influence of control parameters on transient characteristics and stability margin is investigated. Considering power constraint, voltage deviation constraint and dynamic stability constraint, the optimal design method of k is given. Finally, simulation and experiment verify that the proposed control, without modifying hardware, performs better dynamic and static characteristics and can equalize SoC among ESUs in charge and discharge mode.
Typ-1-Interferonopathien
Authors: Weidler Sophia , Lee-Kirsch Min Ae 
Published: September 2022

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Typ-1-Interferonopathien umfassen eine Gruppe seltener, genetisch und phänotypisch heterogener Erkrankungen, die durch eine chronische Typ-1-IFN-Aktivierung gekennzeichnet sind und denen eine Fehlfunktion des angeborenen Immunsystems zugrunde liegt. Das breite und variable klinische Spektrum ist durch das gemeinsame Auftreten von Autoinflammation und Autoimmunität, aber auch einer möglichen Immundefizienz charakterisiert. Ursächlich sind meist Störungen im Metabolismus oder Sensing von Nukleinsäuren, welche zu einer pathologischen, konstitutiven Aktivierung der Typ-1-IFN-Achse mit schädlichen Folgen für den Wirtsorganismus führen. Januskinase-Inhibitoren können eine effektive Therapieoption darstellen.
Antisynthetase-Syndrome
Authors: Bauhammer Jutta 
Published: September 2022

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Antisynthetase-Syndrome bilden eine Untergruppe der idiopathischen inflammatorischen Myopathien. Sie zeichnen sich aus durch mindestens eines der 3 Hauptsymptome Myositis, interstitielle Lungenerkrankung (ILD) und Arthritis in Kombination mit dem serologischen Nachweis eines Antikörpers gegen Aminoacyl-tRNA-Synthetasen. Zusätzlich können die Nebensymptome Mechanikerhände/-füße, Raynaud-Syndrom und/oder Fieber auftreten. Eine ILD ist häufig und bestimmt maßgeblich die Morbidität und Mortalität. 8 Antisynthetase-Antikörper sind bekannt. Häufigkeit und Schwere der Haupt- und Nebensymptome unterscheiden sich zwischen den einzelnen Antikörpern, an denen der anti-Jo-1-Antikörper den größten Anteil ausmacht. Die Wahl der immunsuppressiven Therapie richtet sich nach der Organbeteiligung. Die beste Prognose hat das Jo-1-Syndrom mit einer 5-Jahres-Überlebensrate von ca. 90 %.
Kinderrheumatologie in Äthiopien
Authors: Weißbarth-Riedel Elisabeth 
Published: September 2022

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGIm Rahmen einer ehrenamtlichen Tätigkeit in einem tertiären Krankenhaus/Medical School in Addis Abeba konnten Einblicke in das Gesundheitssystem und die ärztliche Ausbildung in Äthiopien und in die Situation von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit rheumatischen Erkrankungen in diesem Land gewonnen werden. Kinder und Jugendliche sind vermutlich mit ähnlicher Frequenz wie in westlichen Ländern von diesen Erkrankungen betroffen, werden aber zu spät oder gar nicht diagnostiziert, was zu irreversiblen Schäden führt. Ursachen hierfür sind neben einer noch nicht flächendeckenden ärztlichen Versorgung eine bisher nicht ausreichende Ausbildung der Ärzte in nicht übertragbaren Krankheiten sowie ein mangelnder Zugang zu diagnostischen und therapeutischen Möglichkeiten. Eine Unterstützung der einheimischen Ärzte in der Ausbildung ist daher dringend erforderlich. Ein strukturiertes und den verfügbaren Mitteln angepasstes Diagnostik- und Therapiekonzept sollte in Zusammenarbeit mit internationalen Organisationen angestrebt werden.
The Digital Analytic Patient Reviewer (DAPR) for COVID-19 Data Mart Validation
Authors: Park Heekyong , Wang Taowei David , Wattanasin Nich , Castro Victor M. , Gainer Vivian , Goryachev Sergey , Murphy Shawn 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective To provide high-quality data for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) research, we validated derived COVID-19 clinical indicators and 22 associated machine learning phenotypes, in the Mass General Brigham (MGB) COVID-19 Data Mart.
Methods Fifteen reviewers performed a retrospective manual chart review for 150 COVID-19-positive patients in the data mart. To support rapid chart review for a wide range of target data, we offered a natural language processing (NLP)-based chart review tool, the Digital Analytic Patient Reviewer (DAPR). For this work, we designed a dedicated patient summary view and developed new 127 NLP logics to extract COVID-19 relevant medical concepts and target phenotypes. Moreover, we transformed DAPR for research purposes so that patient information is used for an approved research purpose only and enabled fast access to the integrated patient information. Lastly, we performed a survey to evaluate the validation difficulty and usefulness of the DAPR.
Results The concepts for COVID-19-positive cohort, COVID-19 index date, COVID-19-related admission, and the admission date were shown to have high values in all evaluation metrics. However, three phenotypes showed notable performance degradation than the positive predictive value in the prepandemic population. Based on these results, we removed the three phenotypes from our data mart. In the survey about using the tool, participants expressed positive attitudes toward using DAPR for chart review. They assessed that the validation was easy and DAPR helped find relevant information. Some validation difficulties were also discussed.
Conclusion Use of NLP technology in the chart review helped to cope with the challenges of the COVID-19 data validation task and accelerated the process. As a result, we could provide more reliable research data promptly and respond to the COVID-19 crisis. DAPR's benefit can be expanded to other domains. We plan to operationalize it for wider research groups.
Stretchable and tough tannic acid-modified graphene oxide/ polyvinyl alcohol conductive hydrogels for strain and pressure sensors
Authors: Du Bin , Chao Yi , Yang Kenan , Li Bin , Luo Rubai , Zhou Shisheng , Li Huailin 
Published: September 2022

With the rise of new fields such as wearable devices, human health monitoring, and artificial intelligence, flexible sensors have received extensive attention. Conductive hydrogels combine conductive fillers with the excellent properties of hydrogels, making them ideal materials for building flexible sensors. However, conductive hydrogels suffer from poor mechanical properties and low sensitivity, and designing hydrogels with high electrical conductivity and excellent mechanical properties remains a challenge. In this work, a conductive TA-RGO/PVA hydrogel was developed by incorporating TA-RGO nanocomposites into a PVA matrix. The prepared TA-RGO/PVA hydrogel exhibited excellent electrical conductivity, good elastic strain, and excellent mechanical stress. TA-RGO/PVA hydrogels can be used for stretchable strain and pressure sensors. The strain sensor based on the TA-RGO/PVA hydrogel exhibits excellent tensile strain sensitivity (1.936 78 gage factor in the 1%–280% strain region) with excellent stability. The sensor also maintains high sensitivity when used as a pressure sensor (2.2695 kPa−1 in the 0–9 kPa pressure range). These characteristics offer the TA-RGO/PVA hydrogel great potential in the application of wearable flexible strain/pressure sensors and bioelectrodes.
Occurrence of veterinary antibiotics in arable soil with different fertilisation modes: a field study
Authors: Xie Xiaona , Li Yutong , Wang Jun , Zhou Ye , Yang Zhengzhou , Zhu Zhengjie 
Published: September 2022

Context Antibiotics contained in animal manure can contaminate arable soils and even groundwater. Systematic studies on the presence of veterinary antibiotics (VAs) in soils under different fertilisation modes are urgently needed to provide ample evidence for preventing and controlling VAs pollution. Aims This study tried to illustrate the effect of different fertilisation modes on the occurrence of soil VAs in a long-term field experiment. Methods Soil samples were collected from a 30-year fertilisation experiment with four fertiliser application modes: (1) no fertiliser (CK); (2) chemical fertiliser (TR1); (3) cattle manure (TR2); and (4) combination of chemical fertiliser and cattle manure (TR3). Key results Results showed that tetracyclines and sulfonamides were ubiquitously detected in soil samples with the concentration from not detectable (ND) to 6.95 μg kg−1 and ND to 3.85 μg kg−1, respectively, which were significantly lower than those of cattle manure (5.13–1628 μg kg−1). In addition, the long-term fertilisation generally improved soil properties and increased levels of VAs. The combined application of chemical fertiliser and cattle manure could significantly improve contents of soil nutrients. The correlation coefficient showed that the concentration of antibiotics and soil properties, such as soil organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorus, had positive correlation (P < 0.05). Conclusions This study indicated that different fertilisation methods had significant effects on the occurrence of antibiotics in arable soil. Implications The combination of inorganic and organic fertiliser application was a reasonable fertilisation mode to improve the soil fertility and control antibiotics contamination.
Multi-object surface roughness grade detection based on Faster R-CNN
Authors: Su Jinzhao , Yi Huaian , Ling Lin , Shu Aihua , Lu Enhui , Jiao Yanming , Wang Shuai 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In a realistic scenario where a large number of workpieces need to be measured, any measurement method that can detect roughness only for a single workpiece is very limited in terms of measurement efficiency. To address this problem, a multi-object surface roughness detection model based on Faster R-CNN is proposed in this paper. The model features milled workpiece images with a convolutional neural network. And the obtained features will feed into a Region Proposal Network for inferring those regions where workpieces may be present. The regions and features go through a ROI pooling layer and a predictor to get more accurate target regions and measure the roughness of the workpieces in the regions. The experimental results show that the model proposed in this paper can accurately detect those regions where workpieces are present in the image and detect the corresponding roughness grade of the workpieces. A mean average precision of 97.80% and a detection speed of 5.82 fps for the test set of milled workpieces were achieved by the model under different placement angles and variable light conditions.