bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of lipid on formation of Maillard and lipid‐Maillard meaty flavour compounds in heated cysteine‐xylose‐methyl linoleate system
Authors: Wang Yutong , Xie Jianchun , Zhang Chenping , Xu Yuxia , Yang Xuelian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe effect of lipid level and reaction temperature and time on the heated cysteine‐xylose reaction to form meaty flavours was investigated. The presence of 1% or 2% methyl linoleate inhibited the formation of volatile sulfur‐containing compounds and heterocyclic compounds via the Maillard reaction, that is Maillard compounds. However, the former was better because of the moderate inhibition and more compounds generated from the lipid‐Maillard interaction, that is lipid‐Maillard compounds. Partial least squares‐discriminant analysis suggested the lipid‐Maillard compounds were the main markers during varying dosage of methyl linoleate, reaction temperature (100–140°C) and reaction time (30–180 min). Lower temperatures increased formation of the Maillard compounds (eg, 2‐furfurylthiol) or lipid‐Maillard compounds (eg, 2‐pentylpyridine) with reaction time. However, high temperatures caused their amounts changed in a curve or irregularly due to the complications from the Maillard and lipid oxidization reactions. By comparing time‐courses of the levels of cysteine and Cys‐Amadori compounds, and 294 and 420 nm UV absorbance values in the reaction systems under 120°C with or without 2% methyl linoleate, it was revealed that the underlying lipid effect mechanism was to initially inhibit and later attend the Maillard reaction, leading to less formation of the Maillard compounds and generation of the lipid‐Maillard compounds.
A comparison of intracranial volume estimation methods and their cross‐sectional and longitudinal associations with age
Authors: Nerland Stener , Stokkan Therese S. , Jørgensen Kjetil N. , Wortinger Laura A. , Richard Geneviève , Beck Dani , van der Meer Dennis , Westlye Lars T. , Andreassen Ole A. , Agartz Ingrid , Barth Claudia 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntracranial volume (ICV) is frequently used in volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies, both as a covariate and as a variable of interest. Findings of associations between ICV and age have varied, potentially due to differences in ICV estimation methods. Here, we compared five commonly used ICV estimation methods and their associations with age. T1‐weighted cross‐sectional MRI data was included for 651 healthy individuals recruited through the NORMENT Centre (mean age = 46.1 years, range = 12.0–85.8 years) and 2410 healthy individuals recruited through the UK Biobank study (UKB, mean age = 63.2 years, range = 47.0–80.3 years), where longitudinal data was also available. ICV was estimated with FreeSurfer (eTIV and sbTIV), SPM12, CAT12, and FSL. We found overall high correlations across ICV estimation method, with the lowest observed correlations between FSL and eTIV (r = .87) and between FSL and CAT12 (r = .89). Widespread proportional bias was found, indicating that the agreement between methods varied as a function of head size. Body weight, age, sex, and mean ICV across methods explained the most variance in the differences between ICV estimation methods, indicating possible confounding for some estimation methods. We found both positive and negative cross‐sectional associations with age, depending on dataset and ICV estimation method. Longitudinal ICV reductions were found for all ICV estimation methods, with annual percentage change ranging from −0.293% to −0.416%. This convergence of longitudinal results across ICV estimation methods offers strong evidence for age‐related ICV reductions in mid‐ to late adulthood.
Single Entity Electrochemistry and Its Application to Nanomaterial Synthesis
Authors: Park Joon Ho , Ahn Hyokyum , Ahn Hyun S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSingle entity analysis is an important research topic in electrochemistry. Thus far, collisions of nanomaterials and subsequent interaction between electrodes and particles have been studied. Single entity electrochemistry exhibited inherent heterogeneity distinct from that of ensembles. By showing various current responses, single entity electrochemistry allows us to investigate the adsorbed chemical species on the electrode surface (dielectrics, hard nanoparticles, soft nanoparticles), enabling analysis of electrode‐particle interaction at the nanoscale. Electrochemical analysis of soft nanoparticles enabled the detection of biological materials and was applied to the synthesis of nanoparticles to be used as electrocatalysts. It shows great promise as a synthetic method for various structures of nanoparticles by reducing metal ions volume confined emulsion nanodroplets.
Negative regulation of miR‐1288‐3p/KRT4 axis through a circular RNA in oral cancer
Authors: Wang Lu , Ma Xin , Yu Jie , Lou Ying 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCircular RNA (circRNA) has been widely reported to be involved in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), while the way in which hsa_circ_0096042 affects OSCC remains unclear. The hsa_circ_0096042, miR‐1288‐3p, and KRT4 expression in OSCC tissues and cell lines were detected by quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction. Based on the overexpression of hsa_circ_0096042, miR‐1288‐3p, or KRT4, the viability and proliferation of OSCC cells were analyzed by cell counting kit‐8 and colony formation assay, and the protein levels of Bax and Bcl‐2 were detected by western blot, and the growth of cancer cells in vivo was analyzed by xenograft experiment. In addition, the database was used to predict the binding of hsa_circ_0096042, miR‐1288‐3p, and KRT4, and the interaction was confirmed by luciferase, RIP, and RNA pull‐down assay. Hsa_circ_0096042 and KRT4 were abnormally downregulated and miR‐1288‐3p was upregulated in OSCC. Hsa_circ_0096042 overexpression restrained the proliferation and viability of OSCC cells, facilitated apoptosis, and inhibited the growth of cancer cells in vivo. Hsa_circ_0096042 bound to miR‐1288‐3p, whose upregulation promoted OSCC progression and eliminated the effects of overexpression of hsa_circ_0096042 on OSCC cells. KRT4 was the target gene for miR‐1288‐3p. Hsa_circ_0096042 plays an antitumor role in OSCC via miR‐1288‐3p/KRT4 axis.
Increased level of free‐circulating MtDNA in maintenance hemodialysis patients: Possible role in systemic inflammation
Authors: Zhong Xiao‐Yi , Guo Yi , Fan Zhen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundMitochondrial DNA (MtDNA) exposed to the extracellular space due to cell death and stress has immunostimulatory properties. However, the clinical significance of circulating MtDNA in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients and the precise mechanism of its emergence have yet to be investigated.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study consisted of 52 MHD patients and 32 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls. MHD patients were further categorized into high and low circulating cell‐free MtDNA (ccf‐MtDNA) groups based on the median value. Copy number of MtDNA was quantified using TaqMan‐based qPCR. Plasma cytokines were measured using ELISA kits. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were detected using DCFH‐DA or JC‐1 staining.ResultsThe copy numbers of ccf‐MtDNA in patients with MHD were higher than those in healthy controls, and these alterations were correlated with changes of cytokines TNF‐α and IL‐6. Adjusted model in multivariate analysis showed that the presence of anuria and longer dialysis vintage were independently associated with higher levels of ccf‐MtDNA. Meanwhile, although not statistically significant, an inverse correlative trend between urinary MtDNA and ccf‐MtDNA was observed in patients with residual urine. Afterward, using PBMCs as surrogates for mitochondria‐rich cells, we found that patients in the high ccf‐MtDNA group exhibited a significantly higher ROS production and lower Δψm in cells.ConclusionsOur data suggested that changes in ccf‐MtDNA correlate with the degree of inflammatory status in MHD patients, and that the excessive MtDNA may be caused by mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced urinary MtDNA excretion.
Validation of the Italian version of the 25‐item Hikikomori Questionnaire (HQ‐25‐I)
Authors: Fino Emanuele , Iliceto Paolo , Carcione Antonino , Giovani Eleni , Candilera Gabriella 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe present study aimed to adapt the 25‐item Hikikomori Questionnaire to the Italian context (HQ‐25‐I) and to test its psychometric properties in two samples, particularly a sample of residents with psychiatric conditions (n = 117) and a sample of individuals from the community (n = 209).MethodsWe tested the fit of the original three‐factor structure (Socialization, Isolation, and Emotional Support) and measurement invariance across the two groups, and the reliability, convergent, and criterion (concurrent) validity of the HQ‐25‐I.ResultsThe results showed that the original measurement model fitted the data well and that it was invariant across the two groups. The measure was reliable and positively correlated with some maladaptive personality trait domains (PID‐5‐BF), Depression (BDI‐II), and Hopelessness (BHS) in both groups, with higher scores observed in the clinical sample. However, low correlations were found between the HQ‐25‐I and the PID‐5‐BF Detachment and Negative Affectivity.ConclusionsThe results from the study showed that the HQ‐25‐I is reliable, but further examination of its validity is warranted. Implications for theory and future research are discussed.
Parental stress and life satisfaction: A comparative study of social services users and nonusers from a gender perspective
Authors: Gómez‐Ortiz Olga , Rubio Ana , Roldán‐Barrios Andrea , Ridao Pilar , López‐Verdugo e Isabel 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Parental Stress Scale (PSS) scale have not been verified on the Spanish population. Similarly, the literature on gender differences and parental stress is inconclusive, and there is little evidence of their relationship with life satisfaction. To analyze the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the PSS scale, (2) to examine possible gender differences, and (3) to study the relationship between parental stress (PS) and parental rewards (PR) and satisfaction with life (SWL) attending to the possible moderating effect of gender. These objectives were examined in samples comprising Social Services Users (SSU) (N = 525; 78.3% female; Mage = 38.3) and non‐SSU users (N = 421; 41.1% male; Mage = 37.08). A CFA corroborated a two‐factor structure: PS and PR. In the SSU sample, mothers showed higher PS and lower PR. However, PR was also higher in mothers from the non‐SSU sample compared to fathers. PR and PS were directly related to SWL in the SSU sample. However, gender moderated the relationship between PR and SWL in the non‐SSU sample in the case of mothers. The results are discussed considering gender roles and the characteristics of both samples.
Fixed‐bed column adsorption of methyl orange by poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)‐functionalized manganese oxide
Authors: Khan Afsar , Naeem Abdul , Mahmood Tahira , Muhammad Nisar , Hussain Shafqat 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDFixed‐bed column adsorption provides a practical approach for decontamination of wastewater from toxic azo dyes. A novel water‐stable poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)‐functionalized manganese oxide hydrothermally prepared for methyl orange azo dye adsorption is reported.RESULTSSurface studies of the composite were conducted using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction and surface area analysis. The surface area of the composite (113 m2 g−1) was greater than that of plain metal oxide (108 m2 g−1). The point of zero charge was calculated using the salt addition method. A continuous flow of methyl orange was carried out in a 40 cm long glass column under different operating conditions determining the breakthrough curve and the breakthrough point time. Experiments were carried out as a function of initial dye concentration (10–30 mg L−1), bed height (0.6–1.5 cm) and rate of flow (5–20 mL min−1) from the column at constant temperature and pH.CONCLUSIONSThe saturation time increases from 700 to 3500 min with increase in bed length. The saturation time decreases from 2000 to 400 min with an increase in initial dye concentration. Similarly, when the flow rate is increased the saturation time and dye adsorption are reduced and the breakthrough curve becomes steeper. The adsorption data were evaluated using the Thomas model to calculate maximum adsorption at various flow rates and the Yoon–Nelson model to identify exactly the saturation point, confirming that the rate of reaction increases with increasing flow rate. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Immunolocalization of tumor suppressors arhgap28 and retinoblastoma in the lizard Podarcis muralis suggests that they contribute to the regulated regeneration of the tail
Authors: Alibardi Lorenzo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTail regeneration in lizards is an outstanding and unique postembryonic morphogenetic process. This developmental process is regulated by poorly known factors, but recent studies have suggested that it derives from a balanced activity between oncoproteins and tumor suppressors. Transcriptome and expression data have indicated that arhgap28 and retinoblastoma proteins are among the main tumor suppressors activated during tail regeneration. However, their cellular localization is not known. Therefore, in the present immunohistochemical study, two proteins have been detected in various tissues at the beginning of their differentiation. Both proteins are present especially in the new scales, axial cartilage, and muscle bundles of the regenerating tail, the main tissues forming the new tail. Sparse or occasionally labeled cells are observed in the blastema, but intense labeling is seen in the basal layers of the wound (regenerating) epidermis and in external differentiating epidermal layers. Numerous keratinocytes also show a nuclear localization for both proteins, suggesting that the latter may activate a gene program for tissue differentiation after the inhibition of cell multiplication. Based on microscopic, molecular, experimental, and in vitro studies, a hypothesis on the “inhibition of contact” among the apical cells of the blastema and those of proximal differentiating tissues is proposed to explain the permanence of an active blastema only at the apex of the regenerating tail without tail growth can degenerate into a tumorigenic outgrowth.
Infection with adenovirus, rotavirus, and coinfection among hospitalized children with gastroenteritis in an Egyptian university hospital
Authors: Montasser Karim Abdelfattah , Youssef Manar Ibrahim , Ghandour Ahmed A. , Kamal Mostafa 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAcute gastroenteritis is the main cause of mortality and morbidity in children worldwide. Studies stated that rotavirus and human adenovirus (HAdV) are common causes of nonbacterial gastroenteritis in children aged 0−5 years. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and the distribution of rotavirus, HAdV, and coinfections among hospitalized children with gastroenteritis below 7 years old and determine the prevalence of enteric HAdV among all HAdV gastroenteritis. The study was conducted on 150 children below 7 years old. Antigen detection for rotavirus and HAdV by ELISA and determination of enteric HAdV (serotype 40 and 41) by nested PCR and restriction endonucleases study were performed. Detection of rotavirus and HAdV antigens in 150 stool specimens from patients with gastroenteritis were 58% (87), 6.7% (10), and 8% (12) positive for rotavirus, HAdV, and coinfection, respectively. Out of 22 HAdV antigen‐positive cases, 15 cases were positive by PCR for enteric HAdV, with the prevalence rate of enteric HAdV gastroenteritis among all HAdV gastroenteritis cases of 68%, a serotyping study by PCR detected serotype 40 in 46.7% of cases (7/15) and serotype 41 in 53.3% of cases (8/15) with no statistically significant difference between them. The study confirmed that rotavirus and HAdV are prevalent etiological agents of diarrhea in children below the school‐age group, highlighting the necessity of the rotavirus vaccine in addition to the obligatory schedule of vaccines in Egypt. Also, it determined that the enteric HAdV gastroenteritis prevalence rate was 68% among all HAdV gastroenteritis.
Safety and efficacy of COVID‐19 vaccines in children and adolescents: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Tian Fangyuan , Yang Ruonan , Chen Zhaoyan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTo systematically review and synthesize the safety and efficacy of coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) vaccines in children and adolescents. PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library databases, the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP), the Chinese Clinical Trials Registry (ChiCTR), and ClinicalTrials.gov website were searched to collect accessible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about the safety and efficacy of human COVID‐19 vaccines in children and adolescents until May 1, 2022. Three steps, including duplicate removal, title and abstract screening, and full‐text review, were used to screen the studies. The Cochrane risk‐of‐bias tool for RCTs was used to assess the bias risk of the included studies. Microsoft Excel 16.57 (2021) software was used for data extraction and analysis. (PROSPERO Code No: CRD42021295422). COVID‐19 vaccines were evaluated in a total of 10 950 children and adolescents in seven published studies and over 49 530 participants in 26 ongoing randomized controlled trials. Descriptive findings of the included published studies were reported stratified by vaccine type. The overall, local, and systemic adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) reported in most trials were similar between the vaccine and placebo groups. Most of the reactions reported were mild to moderate, whereas a few were severe. The common adverse events were injection‐site pain, fever, headache, cough, fatigue, and muscle pain. Few clinical trials reported serious adverse events, but most of them were unrelated to vaccination. In terms of efficacy, the investigated messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine was found to be 90.7%–100% efficacious in preventing COVID‐19 among children and adolescents, revealing good efficacy profiles in this age group. Among children and adolescents, the safety of current COVID‐19 vaccines is acceptable, and studies have suggested that mRNA vaccines can provide high protection against COVID‐19 infection in pediatric age groups.
Characterization of nitrogen isotope fractionation during nitrification based on a coastal time series
Authors: Haas Sebastian , Rakshit Subhadeep , Kalvelage Tim , Buchwald Carolyn , Algar Christopher K. , Wallace Douglas W.R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIsotopic enrichment factors are key to using stable isotope signatures in biogeochemical studies. However, these are typically determined in laboratory experiments and their applicability to environmental conditions is difficult to test. Here, we analyzed nitrogen stable isotope changes associated with nitrification in a coastal basin using weekly time‐series measurements of δ15N in particulate nitrogen, ammonium, nitrite, and nitrate. Two year‐long time series were selected as contrasting natural experiments in the ammonium‐rich, aphotic bottom water of Bedford Basin, Nova Scotia, Canada. In 2014, ammonia oxidation (AO) was associated with Thaumarchaeota and nitrite concentrations remained low (< 0.5 μmol kg−1). In contrast, transient nitrite accumulation (~ 8 μmol kg−1) and a more rapid δ15NNH4 increase in the fall of 2017 were likely caused by ammonia‐oxidizing bacteria, associated with higher AO rates and, possibly, stronger nitrogen‐isotope enrichment (15εAO). Estimates of 15εAO (21.8 ± 2.2‰, 24.1 ± 1.1‰) were derived empirically using Rayleigh models applied to field data from restricted periods during which the bottom waters approximated a closed system and influence on 15εAO from other processes was demonstrably insignificant. Using a numerical reactive‐transport model, we found that the best fit for the δ15N data was obtained with 15εAO values (18.9‰, 25.1‰) close to those determined by the Rayleigh models. The time series also revealed substantial (~ 7‰) 15N‐enrichment of the particulate nitrogen due to light‐independent assimilation of partially nitrified ammonium. Consistent with previous studies, these field‐based nitrogen isotope fractionation experiments suggest that the range of 15εAO values relevant for marine systems may be narrower than determined in laboratory studies.
Chemistry and biological activity of resin glycosides from Convolvulaceae species
Authors: Fan Bo‐Yi , Jiang Xing , Li Yu‐Xin , Wang Wen‐Li , Yang Min , Li Jian‐Lin , Wang An‐Dong , Chen Guang‐Tong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCarbohydrate‐based drug discovery has gained more and more attention during the last few decades. Resin glycoside is a kind of novel and complex glycolipids mainly distributed in plants of the family Convolvulaceae. Over the last decade, a number of natural resin glycosides and derivatives have been isolated and identified, and exhibited a broad spectrum of biological activities, such as cytotoxic, multidrug‐resistant reversal on both microbial pathogens and mammalian cancer cells, antivirus, anticonvulsant, antidepressant, sedative, vasorelaxant, laxative, and α‐glucosidase inhibitory effects, indicating their potential as lead compounds for drug discovery. A systematic review of the literature studies was carried out to summarize the chemistry and biological activity of resin glycosides from Convolvulaceae species, based on various data sources such as PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google scholar. The keyword “Convolvulaceae” was paired with “resin glycoside,” “glycosidic acid,” “glycolipid,” or “oligosaccharide,” and the references published between 2009 and June 2021 were covered. In this article, we comprehensively reviewed the structures of 288 natural resin glycoside and derivatives newly reported in the last decade. Moreover, we summarized the biological activities and mechanisms of action of the resin glycosides with pharmaceutical potential. Taken together, great progress has been made on the chemistry and biological activity of resin glycosides from Convolvulaceae species, however, more exploratory research is still needed, especially on the mechanism of action of the biological activities.
A novel four port reconfigurable filtering MIMO antenna
Authors: Palanisamy Rangasamy , Muthusamy Suganthi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper presents the design and implementation of a novel four‐port multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna with reconfigurable filtering characteristics. The proposed filtering MIMO antenna is constructed using a super wideband (SWB) monopole. The feedline of the monopole radiator is integrated with a microstrip filter network. Reconfigurable filtering characteristics are realized using a feed selection network making the antenna work at two modes viz. SWB mode (2.2 to over 20 GHz) and dual narrow‐band (d‐NB) mode (2.45 and 5.8 GHz). The feed selection is accomplished using a PIN diode. An interlocked four‐port MIMO antenna is then constructed using the proposed reconfigurable filtering monopole antenna. The proposed antenna exhibits an average gain greater than 5.2 dBi in both operating modes and has total efficiency greater than 80%. The MIMO parameters such as envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), diversity gain (DG), and mean effective gain (MEG) are evaluated and presented. The prototype MIMO antenna is fabricated and the experimental results are validated in real‐time. The proposed reconfigurable MIMO antenna is suitable for wireless local area network (WLAN), Internet of things (IoT), dedicated short‐range communication (DSRC), ultra‐wideband (UWB), and SWB applications in the automotive scenario.