bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short tandem repeat polymorphism analysis for primary peritoneal choriocarcinoma: A case report and literature review
Authors: Yamauchi Kota , Sato Yukiyasu , Usui Hirokazu , Sakurai Azusa , Harada Ryusuke , Goto Masaki 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe peritoneum is an extremely rare site for primary choriocarcinoma development. Primary peritoneal choriocarcinoma could be either gestational or nongestational, whereas it is straightforward to ascribe uterine or tubal choriocarcinoma to the gestational origin. Herein, we report a case of primary peritoneal choriocarcinoma that is genetically diagnosed as a gestational subtype originating from an occult complete hydatidiform mole. A 46‐year‐old female patient with two‐time induced abortion histories underwent emergency laparotomy under clinical suspicion of ruptured tubal pregnancy. Laparotomy revealed a hemorrhagic tumor in the left mesosalpinx with apparently intact left ovary and fallopian tube. The excised tumor was pathologically diagnosed as choriocarcinoma. Multiplex short tandem repeat polymorphism analysis revealed an androgenetic/homozygous genotype tumor, identifying its origin as a complete hydatidiform mole. Our literature review of nine primary peritoneal choriocarcinoma cases, including ours, highlighted the importance of tumor genotyping in differentiating between gestational and non‐gestational subtypes and identifying the causative pregnancy.
Prevalence of exposure to benzodiazepines among pregnant women in Taiwan: A nationwide longitudinal study
Authors: Lin Yu‐Hsuan , Chen Mei‐Huei , Chang Ya‐Chen , Chen Likwang , Hsiung Chao A. , Wu Shiow‐Ing 
Published: July 2022

SummaryAlthough more than one hundred studies have examined the prevalence of the use of benzodiazepines and benzodiazepine‐like Z‐hypnotics (BZDs) among pregnancy events, further analysis of the effects of dosage or type of BZDs is needed. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence rate of BZDs use in pregnancy events, stratified by trimester over time, with characteristics of the dosage and type of BZDs. This is a retrospective population study based on linking three national databases. We examined the prevalence rates from 2004 to 2017, and contrasted the results based on >0 defined daily dose (DDD) and ≥0.5 DDD. We identified 2,630,944 pregnancy events with live births; 89,897 (3.4%) of the associated pregnancy events had used some form of BZD during pregnancy. The prevalence of BZDs use, as defined by >0 DDD, decreased from 4.1% in 2004 to 2.9% in 2017, indicating a decrease in sporadic use and an increase in stable use within therapeutic doses. Meanwhile, BZDs use defined by ≥0.5 DDD increased from 0.1% in 2004 to 0.4% in 2017. Zolpidem was the most frequently prescribed BZDs, as defined by >0 DDD or ≥0.5 DDD. This national cohort study demonstrates the importance of average dosage in the definition of BZDs use in pregnancy events, and it found opposite trends in the prevalence of use between different dosages.
Prevalence, genetic diversity and antifungal susceptibility profiles of F. fujikuroi, F. solani and Fusarium incarnatum‐equiseti species complexes from onychomycosis in north of Iran
Authors: Haghani Iman , Shams‐Ghahfarokhi Masoomeh , Dalimi Asl Abdolhossein , Shokohi Tahereh , Hedayati Mohammad Taghi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOnychomycosis, a nail fungal infection, is normally caused by dermatophytes. However, yeasts and non‐dermatophyte moulds (NDM) are among pathogens that cause nail disease. Regarding, this study aimed to describe the molecular epidemiology of Fusarium onychomycosis in the North of Iran. Two hundred and fifty seven nail samples collected from the patients clinically suspected of onychomycosis were subjected to direct microscopy, calcofluor white staining and culture. Fusarium isolates were identified at a species level through determination of multi‐locus sequences for internal transcribed spacer and translation elongation factor 1 alpha. Based on the findings, Fusarium species were isolated from onychomycosis patients (n = 27). According to a previous partial genes analysis, the species in the recent study belonged to the members of F. fujikuroi species complex (n = 14), Fusarium incarnatum‐equiseti species complex (n = 1) and F. solani species complex (n = 12). In this study, F. proliferatum was the dominant Fusarium species collected from the samples. The correct identification of Fusarium species is essential regarding the increased prevalence of Fusarium onychomycosis and the inherent resistance of these agents to a wide spectrum of antifungals. The obtained results indicated variation in the epidemiology of Fusarium species isolated from onychomycosis. Moreover, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of luliconazole and lanoconazole was in the range of 0.001–1 μg/ml, with the geometric mean of MICs obtained at 0.0103 and 0.0343 μg/ml against Fusarium species, respectively. These findings can increase researchers' knowledge regarding diversity of species, distribution of onychomycosis and the choice of a proper treatment.
Four‐repeat tauopathies and late‐onset psychiatric disorders: Etiological relevance or incidental findings?
Authors: Yokota Osamu , Miki Tomoko , Ishizu Hideki , Haraguchi Takashi , Kishimoto Yuki , Takenoshita Shintaro , Hara Norikazu , Miyashita Akinori , Ikeuchi Takeshi , Terada Seishi , Yamada Norihito 
Published: July 2022

Argyrophilic grain disease (AGD), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and corticobasal degeneration are four‐repeat (4R) tauopathies that develop in the presenium or later. Whether these diseases are associated with the occurrence of late‐onset psychiatric disorders remains unclear. To facilitate the accumulation of clinicopathological findings regarding this issue, we here present a selected series of 11 cases that clinically developed psychotic disorder (n = 7; age at onset: 41–75 years), depressive disorder (n = 1; 49 years), bipolar disorder (n = 2; 32 and 37 years) and somatoform disorder (n = 1; 88 years), and had at least one pathological hallmark of these tauopathies. The mean age at death was 74.3 years. No case showed dementia, at least in the early stage of the course. Nine cases had AGD. Granular fuzzy astrocytes in the amygdala were noted in all AGD cases and one non‐AGD case. Two AGD cases had tufted astrocytes (TAs) in the amygdala but not in the frontal cortex and striatum. Three AGD and two non‐AGD cases had TAs in the frontal cortex and/or striatum but not in the amygdala. One AGD case had a small number of astrocytic plaques in the frontal cortex, striatum and globus pallidus. Only one case was diagnosed as atypical PSP according to the NINDS‐PSP neuropathological criteria. No case had high‐level Alzheimer's disease pathology, Lewy body disease or limbic‐predominant age‐related TDP‐43 encephalopathy. Two cases had mild neuronal loss in the hippocampus and substantia nigra, respectively. Clinicopathological studies focusing especially on early changes of 4R tauopathies, as well as the development of surrogate markers of these diseases, may be necessary for better understanding of the pathogenic backgrounds of late‐onset psychiatric disorders.
MS1/MMD1 homologues in the moss Physcomitrium patens are required for male and female gametogenesis
Authors: Landberg Katarina , Lopez‐Obando Mauricio , Sanchez Vera Victoria , Sundberg Eva , Thelander Mattias 
Published: July 2022

Summary

The Arabidopsis Plant HomeoDomain (PHD) proteins AtMS1 and AtMMD1 provide chromatin‐mediated transcriptional regulation essential for tapetum‐dependent pollen formation. This pollen‐based male gametogenesis is a derived trait of seed plants. Male gametogenesis in the common ancestors of land plants is instead likely to have been reminiscent of that in extant bryophytes where flagellated sperms are produced by an elaborate gametophyte generation. Still, also bryophytes possess MS1/MMD1‐related PHD proteins.

We addressed the function of two MS1/MMD1‐homologues in the bryophyte model moss Physcomitrium patens by the generation and analysis of reporter and loss‐of‐function lines.

The two genes are together essential for both male and female fertility by providing functions in the gamete‐producing inner cells of antheridia and archegonia. They are furthermore expressed in the diploid sporophyte generation suggesting a function during sporogenesis, a process proposed related by descent to pollen formation in angiosperms.

We propose that the moss MS1/MMD1‐related regulatory network required for completion of male and female gametogenesis, and possibly for sporogenesis, represent a heritage from ancestral land plants.
Enhanced lignin synthesis and ecotypic variation in defense‐related gene expression in response to shade in Norway spruce
Authors: Ranade Sonali Sachin , Seipel George , Gorzsás András , García‐Gil María Rosario 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDuring the growth season, northern forests in Sweden daily receive more hours of far‐red (FR)‐enriched light or twilight (shade) as compared to southern forests. Norway spruce (shade‐tolerant) are adapted to latitudinal variation in twilight characterized by a northward increase in FR requirement to maintain growth. Shade is a stressful condition that affects plant growth and increases plant's susceptibility to pathogen attack. Lignin plays a central role in plant defense and its metabolism is regulated by light wavelength composition (light quality). In the current work, we studied regulation of lignin synthesis and defense‐related genes (growth‐defense trade‐offs) in response to shade in Norway spruce. In most angiosperms, light promotes lignin synthesis, whereas shade decreases lignin production leading to weaker stem, which may make plants more disease susceptible. In contrast, enhanced lignin synthesis was detected in response to shade in Norway spruce. We detected a higher number of immunity/defense‐related genes up‐regulated in northern populations as compared to south ones in response to shade. Enhanced lignin synthesis coupled with higher defense‐related gene expression can be interpreted as an adaptive strategy for better survival in northern populations. Findings will contribute to ensuring deployment of well‐adapted genetic material and identifying tree families with enhanced disease resistance.
Specific CBF transcription factors and cold‐responsive genes fine‐tune the early triggering response after acquisition of cold priming and memory
Authors: Vyse Kora , Schaarschmidt Stephanie , Erban Alexander , Kopka Joachim , Zuther Ellen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPlants need to adapt to fluctuating temperatures throughout their lifetime. Previous research showed that Arabidopsis memorizes a first cold stress (priming) and improves its primed freezing tolerance further when subjected to a second similar stress after a lag phase. This study investigates primary metabolomic and transcriptomic changes during early cold priming or triggering after 3 days at 4°C interrupted by a memory phase. DREB1 family transcription factors DREB1C/CBF2, DREB1D/CBF4, DREB1E/DDF2, and DREB1F/DDF1 were strongly significantly induced throughout the entire triggering. During triggering, genes encoding Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA), antifreeze proteins or detoxifiers of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were higher expressed compared with priming. Examples of early triggering responders were xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase genes encoding proteins involved in cell wall remodeling, while late responders were identified to act in fine‐tuning the stress response and developmental regulation. Induction of non‐typical members of the DREB subfamily of ERF/AP2 transcription factors, the relatively small number of induced CBF regulon genes and a slower accumulation of selected cold stress associated metabolites indicate that a cold triggering stimulus might be sensed as milder stress in plants compared with priming. Further, strong induction of CBF4 throughout triggering suggests a unique function of this gene for the response to alternating temperatures.
Reduced P300 amplitude is consistently associated with trait anhedonia across repeated assessments
Authors: Santopetro Nicholas J. , Mulligan Elizabeth M. , Brush Christopher J. , Hajcak Greg 
Published: July 2022

AbstractUnderstanding how event‐related potentials (ERPs) change following repeated assessments is critical to advance our understanding of neural mechanisms implicated in psychopathology. Specifically, it is unclear if associations between ERPs and individual differences can be reproduced when repeatedly measured within the same participants, or if clinical characteristics impact ERP trajectories over repeated assessments. The present study assessed P300 amplitude and latency from a flanker task at four time points over one month (M = 7.24 days between assessments [SD = 1.02]) in 79 female undergraduates to examine how P300 amplitude/latency changes across repeated assessments, the presence of associations between within‐ and between‐subjects measures of current depressive symptoms and the P300, and if between‐subjects depressive symptoms moderated change in P300 over repeated assessment. Results using multilevel modeling indicated a significant reduction in P300 amplitude and latency across assessments. Individuals with increased trait anhedonia (i.e., between‐subjects) exhibited reduced P300 amplitudes across assessments; there were no associations of within‐subjects fluctuations in anhedonia symptoms and P300 amplitude across assessments. There was also no interaction between number of assessments and between‐subjects anhedonia in relation to P300 amplitude. Unlike anhedonia, between‐subjects dysphoria was unrelated to P300. These results demonstrate a relatively specific and consistent association between an attenuated P300 amplitude and trait anhedonia across repeated assessments – data that may further suggest that flanker P300 amplitude reflects hedonic and motivational processes.
C1 gas protein: A potential protein substitute for advancing aquaculture sustainability
Authors: Wang Jie , Chen Limei , Xu Jian , Ma Shifeng , Liang Xiaofang , Wei Zuoxi , Li Demao , Xue Min 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAquaculture has been the fastest‐growing food production sector and is considered to be so in the future. However, aquaculture feed is heavily dependent on wild‐captured forage fish, which is unsustainable, costly and non‐ecofriendly. Hence, the development of sustainable, eco‐friendly, cost‐effective and nutrient‐balanced novel fishmeal alternatives is critical to satisfying the forecasted expansion of aquaculture. Among fishmeal alternatives, attention to one‐carbon gas protein (C1GP) has reached an unprecedented level recently. The C1GP is produced through the fermentation of certain unique microorganisms by utilizing the substrates from C1‐related industrial exhaust gases, such as CH4, CO and CO2, which take much less time, land, water and resources, remove greenhouse gases and waste materials, and offer sustainable protein sources. These C1GP products, either as fishmeal or soybean meal alternatives, have been successfully used in fish and shrimp diets. This review introduces the latest research progress on microorganisms, protein production technology, nutrition and products using C1 gases as substrate, as well as their application in aquafeed. With the rapid development of synthetic biotechnology and engineering technology, it will become an important development field in the future in the construction of new strains and gas fermentation technology with high transformation efficiency, wide adaptation and abundant nutrients for the development of new ingredients for aquaculture.
Effect of dihydrotestosterone on melatonin secretion and the expression of melatonin receptors and apoptosis‐related factors in sheep epididymides
Authors: Zeng Jianlin , Ge Wenbo , Duan Hongwei , Lv Jianshu , Ding Ziqiang , Wang Wenjuan , Zhang Yong , Zhao Xingxu , Hu Junjie 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMelatonin (MEL) is involved in homeostasis of the epididymis lumen environment. Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) partakes in the development of gonads and organs in male animals. However, whether MEL secretion, the expression of its receptors, MT1 and MT2, and sheep epididymal epithelial cell apoptosis is regulated by DHT remains unclear. In this study, we used immunohistochemical staining to detect the distribution patterns of DHT synthetases [5α‐reductase (5α‐red)] and its androgen receptor (AR) in sheep epididymides. 5α‐red1, 5α‐red2 and AR were positively expressed in sperm, epididymal epithelial cells, and the smooth muscle cells of the caput, corpus and cauda regions of the epididymis. DHT concentration and the expression levels of 5α‐red and AR in the caput, corpus and cauda regions were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry, real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. DHT concentration in the caput was significantly higher than those in corpus and cauda, probably because of the high expression of 5α‐red2 in the caput and secretion and transport of DHT by the testicles. DHT inhibited MEL secretion, the expression of its membrane receptors and MEL synthetases in cultured sheep epididymal epithelial cells in vitro. In addition, the Bax/Bcl‐2 ratio, ACT CASP3 and caspase‐3 mRNA expression were also decreased. The decreasing effect was partially reversed after flutamide treatment. Therefore, DHT regulates sheep epididymal function by influencing MEL expression and apoptosis‐related factors. This study provides basic data for further research on the reproductive physiology of male animals.
Machinability Research With J&L Tool Dynamometer on Titanium 150A
Authors: Fersing Leif , Smith D. N. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A broad definition of machinability would be the relative cost per square inch of machined surface when all cutting conditions are at an optimum for most economical production. For several years the J&L tool dynamometer (1, 2) has been used successfully for evaluating a number of factors affecting machinability such as grades of carbides, types of coolants, methods of applying coolants, tool geometry, tool finish, cutting speeds, feeds, and materials. With knowledge of these factors, it is possible to approximate a most economical rate of production. In this paper the relation between changes in loads on tools and tool wear is shown through test results and how, in a short time, with the help of a tool dynamometer, reliable information for successfully machining titanium 150A was obtained.
Testing Large Steam Turbines With Weighing Tanks
Authors: Pollock W. A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Forty-three years of favorable experience with weighed water testing of steam turbines influenced a decision to install scale tanks at Wisconsin Electric Power Company’s new Oak Creek Power Plant to permit testing the 120,000kw cross-compound reheat turbines. At a total cost of less than ten cents per kilowatt installed capacity, the weighing tanks serve the dual purpose of providing a means for testing turbines and their auxiliaries accurately and a needed facility for storage of cold condensate. Manufacturer’s guarantees of turbine heat rates can be checked more reliably and closely than with flowmeters, and with assurance of accurate reliable tests the manufacturer frequently can improve his guarantee. Once favorable guarantee commitments are made, experience shows that the manufacturer makes special efforts to provide the very best design. He also encourages operation at closer clearances to attain the better heat rates. Other advantages are the help in evaluating turbine internal condition which may or may not require overhaul, and in learning the effects of changes in clearance adjustments and in design changes. Routine tests are conducted with a minimum of preparation time and a relatively small test crew. Accurate measurement of all values of steam flow, electrical output, pressure, and temperature are required for reliable results, but the major emphasis on accuracy is placed on the input and output quantities which have the greatest effect on the result. The paper concludes that weighing tanks can well be considered a definite requirement whenever it is possible to fit them into the flow cycle.
A Novel Cooling Method for Gas Turbines
Authors: Burke Edward , Kemeny G. A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Water (or possibly some other liquid coolant) is sprayed directly onto the rotor blades of a gas turbine from orifices in tubes located near the trailing edge of the turbine-nozzle guide vanes. The liquid impinges on the rotor blades forming a layer which serves both to insulate the blade from the hot-gas stream and to extract heat from the blade. Results of experiments on a supercharger, with gas temperatures between 1150 and 2350 F, and theoretical studies of the effect of spray cooling on cycle efficiency indicate that spray cooling, by permitting higher gas temperatures, should increase both output and efficiency of a gas-turbine power plant. Heat transfer in a spray-cooled blade is discussed.
Maintenance and Effect on Manpower and Power-Production Costs
Authors: Williamson G. V. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Maintenance of steam-electric power generating plants has received little attention from the technical societies or associations. Yet, as all powerhouse engineers know, it is a vital part of his operations, and one which affects not only manpower and cost results but station dependability and productivity. This is a short outline of these problems, as seen by one whose company has given intensive study to the problem in the past few years.
Separation of Immiscible Liquids by Means of Porous Membranes
Authors: Jordan G. V. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In the process industry, porous media are generally associated with filtration and diffusion. However, porous membranes also can be utilized for the separation of immiscible fluids—liquids from gases—gases from liquids—liquids from liquids. The phenomenon of interfacial tension separation as applied to liquid-liquid separatory systems is explained, together with a description of the porous membranes employed. Basic design data and operational features of liquid separatory units and systems are presented. Interesting applications and installations in the process industries are included.
Contribution to the Knowledge of Pressure Measurements During Metal Deformation
Authors: Frisch J. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Two pressure-measuring devices using SR-4 strain gages and steel pins of ⅛ in. and ¼ in. diam, respectively, were inserted in the wall of an extrusion cylinder. During the extrusion of commercially pure lead the mean pressure and radial wall stresses were measured and found to be in close agreement with the calculated values. The calibration of the instruments showed considerable difference between the curves obtained from dead-weight calibration and those found from a simulation of the extrusion process.
British Naval Gas Turbines
Authors: Trewby G. F. A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
During the past ten years six different designs of naval gas turbine have been developed and tested under Admiralty contract and two additional designs have been brought directly from manufacturers for evaluation and testing. Taking each of these eight gas-turbine projects in turn, the paper gives a brief history of development and manufacture, describes the special features of the design, and gives details of the operating experience to date, both ashore and afloat. The lessons learned from this operating experience are discussed. The author concludes that the greatest single advantage that the gas turbine can offer for warship applications is its ability to pack more power in less weight and space than any other prime mover. To achieve this, naval gas turbines must be of the open-cycle type and constructed on lightweight lines. The various factors likely to influence the use of gas turbines for naval applications are mentioned and the future role of the gas turbine in the Royal Navy is discussed.