bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural Health Monitoring of Electro-Mechanical Actuators in Aviation: Recent Breakthroughs and Further Challenges
Authors: Memmolo Vittorio , Vaselli Carmine , Cimminiello Nicola , Salvato Pasquale , Monaco Ernesto , Ricci Fabrizio 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Electrical actuation systems have recently been introduced in aviation pursuing the concepts of More Electric Aircraft. Instead of employing hydraulic pipelines, Electro-Mechanical Actuator (EMA) transfers the power by “wires” with a consequent improvement of the aircraft actuation performance. However, the integration of linear electromechanical actuators is promising yet challenging in safety critical systems. Within this context, this work critically reviews electromechanical actuators currently available for aerospace application, the limits for their upcoming deployment and the different solutions to achieve an on-condition maintenance to reduce any safety risk during lifetime. First of all, the typical conversion mechanism adopted so far are briefly described with emphasis on the most suited for aerospace applications. A further insight is given to failure modes of these systems, which dramatically contrast the countless inherent advantages thereof. A particular attention is given to the jamming of the driven load, which is a critical mechanical transmission failure in many applications such as primary flight controls or landing gears extension and steering. Finally, the focus is moved to possible strategies to avoid any hazard induced by this failure. In particular, any structural alteration which is prone to induce jamming can be monitored towards the establishment of a predictive maintenance. Different possibilities are available in the way to timely assess the bearing of inner EMA surfaces where screwing is enabled.
Accurate Thickness Inversion of Corrosion Using A1 Lamb Wave
Authors: Lin Min , Liu Yang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Corrosion is one of the most critical issues in the oil and gas industry, leading to severe environmental and economic problems. Due to the high cost and serious safety risk of corrosion, it is essential to improve current corrosion testing techniques to detect corrosion damages at an early stage. Guided wave tomography (GWT) demonstrates its great potential to inspect and quantify the corrosion damage. GWT is capable of determining the residual life of corrosion structures by quantifying the remaining wall thickness. In this paper, an accurate guided wave tomography technique incorporating full waveform inversion (FWI) and higher-order Lamb waves (A1 mode) is presented for plate-like structures, which is able to get high-resolution reconstruction results. The technique consists of three steps: forward modeling, velocity inversion and thickness reconstruction. The forward modeling is computed by solving the elastic full-wave equations in 2-D time domain by using the finite difference method. High-resolution phase velocity inversion can then be obtained by minimizing the waveform misfit function between simulated and recorded data using a second order optimization method, which updates the velocity model from low to high frequencies iteratively. Finally, the velocity variations can be transformed into depth profiles by using the dispersive characteristics of ultrasonic guided waves; therefore, the thickness reconstruction can be obtained. The numerical simulations are performed on an aluminum plate with a complicated corrosion defect. By comparing the thickness reconstruction maps using both A1 and A0 modes, the results demonstrate that FWI with A1 mode can achieve significantly better resolution of corrosion imaging than that with A0 mode.
FEM Simulation of Waves Excited by Array Probe Propagating in Centrifugally Cast Stainless Steel With Hexagonal Column
Authors: Lin Shan , Ikegami Yasushi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Centrifugally cast stainless steel (CCSS) is widely used in PWR primary coolant systems. However, ultrasonic testing for such material is very challenging because its coarse grains and anisotropic property. The phased array ultrasonic technology (PAUT) is considered the most promising solution to the problem mentioned. To improve the accuracy of PAUT for CCSS with columnar grains, we used the voxel-based finite element method to perform simulation of wave propagation in CCSS, where waves were excited by a linear array. We modeled columnar grains in CCSS with hexagonal columns and introduced a side-drilled hole. It was easily to have different inclined columnar grains by rotating the crystal axes. All column crystals were considered cubic crystals while CCSS with columnar grains was macroscopically transversely isotropic. Wave propagations were computed for different focal laws and their results were compared. Waves exactly propagated toward and focused at the targeted SDH when focal laws were calculated according to the anisotropic property of CCSS, but deviated the target for focal laws based on isotropy.
Benefit of Neural Network for the Optimization of Defect Detection on Composite Material Using Ultrasonic Non Destructive Testing
Authors: Trouvé-Peloux P. , Abeloos B. , Ben Fekih A. , Trottier C. , Roche J.-M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This paper is dedicated to out-of-plane waviness defect detection within composite materials by ultrasonic testing. We present here an in-house experimental database of ultrasonic data built on composite pieces with/without elaborated defects. Using this dataset, we have developed several defect detection methods using the C-scan representation, where the defect is clearly observable. We compare here the defect detection performance of unsupervised, classical machine learning methods and deep learning approaches. In particular, we have investigated the use of semantic segmentation networks that provides a classification of the data at the “pixel level”, hence at each C-scan measure. This technique is used to classify if a defect is detected, and to produce a precise localization of the defect within the material. The results we obtained with the various detection methods are compared, and we discuss the drawbacks and advantages of each method.
Does recruitment trigger negative density-dependent feedback loops in stream-dwelling salmonids?
Authors: Lobón-Cerviá Javier 
Published: January 2022

I explored the hypothesis that recruitment may stabilize the numerical dynamics of stream-dwelling salmonids by triggering density-dependent feedback loops through the operation of recruitment dependence on individual growth, mortality, life span and maximum size and their effects on fecundity. I examined 98 cohorts of two Salmo trutta populations of northern Spain and a population of Jutland (Denmark) located 2400 km apart. Recruitment, growth, mortality, life span and maximum size were inter-related, were recruitment-dependent and described negative power trajectories. In the Spanish populations, faster-growing individuals of weakly recruited cohorts with lower mortality attain longer life span and larger size. Hence, larger females spawning more abundant, larger eggs that, in turn, induce stronger cohorts of higher spawners’ abundance, recruitment and mortality. The mortality patterns match the self-thinning patterns, an ultimate expression of competition. Significant relationships among self-thinning slopes and mortalities rates with increasing recruitment demonstrate that the rate at which density-driven mortality is higher, the stronger the intensity of intraspecific competition. Space-limited habitat and size-dependent resource availability underpinning site-specific carrying capacities suggest that interference competition is the primary mechanism underpinning population regulation.
Radial growth decline of white spruce (Picea glauca) during hot summers without drought: preliminary results from a study site south of a boreal forest border
Authors: Lapenis Andrei , Robinson George , Lawrence Gregory 
Published: January 2022

If the modern climate trend continues for an additional 20–40 years, forests along the southern border of Canadian taiga may shift into new ranges of annual temperature and precipitation that are similar to the modern climate of central New York State, United States. Here we investigate the possible future response of white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) to a warmer climate by studying trees planted 90 years ago near the southern limit of their climate tolerance in central New York, 300 km south of the boreal forest where this species is prevalent. We employed high-frequency recording dendrometers to determine radial growth phenology of six mature white spruce trees during 2013–2017. The results demonstrate significant reductions in the length of radial growth periods inversely proportional to the number of hot days with air temperature exceeding 30 °C. During years with very hot summers, the start of radial growth began about 3 days earlier than the 2013–2017 average. However, in those same years, the end of radial growth was also about 17 days earlier resulting in a shorter (70 days versus 100 days) radial growth season. Abundant (350–500 mm) summer precipitation, which resulted in soil moisture values of 20%–30%, allowed us to dismiss drought as a factor. Instead, a likely cause of reduced radial growth was mean temperature that exceeded optimal growth ranges, exacerbated by temperature extremes in ranges that lead to photoinhibition. The latter case was evident in the two warmest growing seasons (2013 and 2017), marked by extended periods of high daytime temperature (>30 °C) followed by early cessation of radial growth independent of seasonal precipitation.
Physecology: A Conceptual Framework to Describe Data Physicalizations in their Real-World Context
Authors: Sauvé Kim , Sturdee Miriam , Houben Steven 
Published: January 2022

The standard definition for “physicalizations” is
“a physical artifact whose geometry or material properties encode data”
[
47
]. While this working definition provides the fundamental groundwork for conceptualizing physicalization, in practice many physicalization systems go beyond the scope of this definition as they consist of distributed physical and digital elements that involve complex interaction mechanisms. In this article, we examine how “physicalization” is part of a broader ecology—the “physecology”—with properties that go beyond the scope of the working definition. Through analyzing 60 representative physicalization papers, we derived six design dimensions of a physecology: (i) represented data type, (ii) way of information communication, (iii) interaction mechanisms, (iv) spatial input–output coupling, (v) physical setup, and (vi) audiences involved. Our contribution is the extension of the definition of physicalization to the broader concept of “physecology,” to provide conceptual clarity on the design of physicalizations for future work.
How do Depth of Discharge, C-rate and Calendar Age Affect Capacity Retention, Impedance Growth, the Electrodes, and the Electrolyte in Li-Ion Cells?
Authors: Gauthier Roby , Luscombe Aidan , Bond Toby , Bauer Michael , Johnson Michel , Harlow Jessie , Louli Alex , Dahn Jeff R 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Lithium-ion cells testing under different state of charge ranges, C-rates and cycling temperature have different degrees of lithium inventory loss, impedance growth and active mass loss. Here, a large matrix of polycrystalline NMC622/natural graphite Li-ion pouch cells were tested with seven different state of charge ranges (0-25, 0-50, 0-75, 0-100, 75-100, 50-100 and 25-100%), three different C-rates and at two temperatures. First, capacity fade was compared to a model developed by Deshpande and Bernardi. Second, after 2.5 years of cycling, detailed analysis by dV/dQ analysis, lithium-ion differential thermal analysis, volume expansion by Archimedes’ principle, electrode stack growth, ultrasonic transmissivity and x-ray computed tomography were undertaken. These measurements enabled us to develop a complete picture of cell aging for these cells. This then led to an empirical predictive model for cell capacity loss versus SOC range and calendar age. Although these particular cells exhibited substantial positive electrode active mass loss, this did not play a role in capacity retention because the cells were anode limited during full discharge under all the tests carried out here. However, the positive electrode mass loss was strongly coupled to positive electrode swelling and electrolyte “unwetting” that would eventually cause dramatic failure.
Use of Antibiotics and Risk of Psychiatric Disorders in Newly Diagnosed Cancer Patients: A Population-Based Cohort Study in Sweden
Authors: Hu Kejia , Smedby Karin E. , Sjölander Arvid , Montgomery Scott , Valdimarsdóttir Unnur , Engstrand Lars , Fang Fang , Fall Katja 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background:
Antibiotic-induced dysbiosis is associated with an increased risk of depression and anxiety in the general population. A diagnosis of cancer is associated with an immediately and dramatically elevated risk of psychiatric disorders, but the potential influence of prediagnostic antibiotic-induced dysbiosis is unknown.

Methods:
Based on a national cohort of cancer patients in Sweden, we included 309,419 patients who were diagnosed with a first primary malignancy between July 2006 and December 2013. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of first-onset psychosis, depression, anxiety, or stress-related disorders during the first year after cancer diagnosis for antibiotic use during the year before cancer diagnosis.

Results:
Compared with no antibiotic use, use of antibiotics was associated with a higher rate of the aforementioned psychiatric disorders (HR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.16–1.30) after adjustment for sociodemographic factors, comorbidity, potential indications for antibiotics, and cancer stage and type. The magnitude of the association was higher for broad-spectrum antibiotics (HR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.18–1.37), higher doses (HR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.22–1.44), more frequent use (HR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.21–1.46), and recent use (HR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.17–1.35).

Conclusions:
Use of antibiotics, especially of broad-spectrum type, of high dose and frequency, with recent use, was associated with an aggravated risk of psychiatric disorders, compared with no antibiotic use.

Impact:
A better understanding of the microbiota–gut–brain axis may open up a wide avenue for the prevention and treatment of psychiatric disorders in cancer patients.
Targeting Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 Suppresses Radiation-induced Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Sensitizes Prostate Cancer Cells to Radiation
Authors: Owens Jake L. , Beketova Elena , Liu Sheng , Shen Qi , Pawar Jogendra Singh , Asberry Andrew M. , Yang Jie , Deng Xuehong , Elzey Bennett D. , Ratliff Timothy L. , Cheng Liang , Choo Richard , Citrin Deborah E. , Polascik Thomas J. , Wang Bangchen , Huang Jiaoti , Li Chenglong , Wan Jun , Hu Chang-Deng 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Prostate cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer death among American men. Radiotherapy is a potentially curative treatment for localized prostate cancer, and failure to control localized disease contributes to the majority of prostate cancer deaths. Neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) in prostate cancer, a process by which prostate adenocarcinoma cells transdifferentiate into neuroendocrine-like (NE-like) cells, is an emerging mechanism of resistance to cancer therapies and contributes to disease progression. NED also occurs in response to treatment to promote the development of treatment-induced neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC), a highly aggressive and terminal stage disease. We previously demonstrated that by mimicking clinical radiotherapy protocol, fractionated ionizing radiation (FIR) induces prostate cancer cells to undergo NED in vitro and in vivo. Here, we performed transcriptomic analysis and confirmed that FIR-induced NE-like cells share some features of clinical NEPC, suggesting that FIR-induced NED represents a clinically relevant model. Furthermore, we demonstrated that protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), a master epigenetic regulator of the DNA damage response and a putative oncogene in prostate cancer, along with its cofactors pICln and MEP50, mediate FIR-induced NED. Knockdown of PRMT5, pICln, or MEP50 during FIR-induced NED and sensitized prostate cancer cells to radiation. Significantly, PRMT5 knockdown in prostate cancer xenograft tumors in mice during FIR prevented NED, enhanced tumor killing, significantly reduced and delayed tumor recurrence, and prolonged overall survival. Collectively, our results demonstrate that PRMT5 promotes FIR-induced NED and suggests that targeting PRMT5 may be a novel and effective radiosensitization approach for prostate cancer radiotherapy.
[89Zr]ZrDFO-CR011 PET Correlates with Response to Glycoprotein Nonmetastatic Melanoma B–targeted Therapy in Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Lee Supum , Cavaliere Alessandra , Gallezot Jean-Dominique , Keler Tibor , Michelhaugh Sharon K. , Belitzky Erika , Liu Michael , Mulnix Tim , Maher Stephen E. , Bothwell Alfred L.M. , Li Fangyong , Phadke Manali , Mittal Sandeep , Marquez-Nostra Bernadette 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThere is a need for prognostic markers to select patients most likely to benefit from antibody–drug conjugate (ADC) therapy. We quantified the relationship between pretreatment PET imaging of glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma B (gpNMB) with 89Zr-labeled anti-gpNMB antibody ([89Zr]ZrDFO-CR011) and response to ADC therapy (CDX-011) in triple-negative breast cancer. First, we compared different PET imaging metrics and found that standardized uptake values (SUV) and tumor-to-heart SUV ratios were sufficient to delineate differences in radiotracer uptake in the tumor of four different cell- and patient-derived tumor models and achieved high standardized effect sizes. These tumor models with varying levels of gpNMB expression were imaged with [89Zr]ZrDFO-CR011 followed by treatment with a single bolus injection of CDX-011. The percent change in tumor volume relative to baseline (% CTV) was then correlated with SUVmean of [89Zr]ZrDFO-CR011 uptake in the tumor. All gpNMB-positive tumor models responded to CDX-011 over 6 weeks of treatment, except one patient-derived tumor regrew after 4 weeks of treatment. As expected, the gpNMB-negative tumor increased in volume by 130 ± 59% at endpoint. The magnitude of pretreatment SUV had the strongest inverse correlation with the % CTV at 2–4 weeks after treatment with CDX-011 (Spearman ρ = −0.8). However, pretreatment PET imaging with [89Zr]ZrDFO-CR011 did not inform on which tumor types will regrow over time. Other methods will be needed to predict resistance to treatment.
Stereoscopic Views Improve Spatial Presence but Not Spatial Learning in VR Games
Authors: Uz-Bilgin Cigdem , Thompson Meredith , Klopfer Eric 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A key affordance of virtual reality is the capability of immersive VR to prompt spatial presence resulting from the stereoscopic lenses in the head-mounted display (HMD). We investigated the effect of a stereoscopic view of a game, Cellverse, on users’ perceived spatial presence, knowledge of cells, and learning in three levels of spatial knowledge: route, landmark, and survey knowledge. Fifty-one participants played the game using the same game controllers but with different views; 28 had a stereoscopic view (HMD), and 23 had a non-stereoscopic view (computer monitor). Participants explored a diseased cell for clues to diagnose the disease type and recommend a therapy. We gathered surveys, drawings, and spatial tasks conducted in the game environment to gauge learning. Participants’ spatial knowledge of the cell environment and knowledge of cell concepts improved after gameplay in both conditions. Spatial presence scores in the stereoscopic condition were higher than the non-stereoscopic condition with a large effect size; however, there was no significant difference in levels of spatial knowledge between the two groups. Most drawings showed a change in cell knowledge; yet some participants only changed in spatial knowledge of the cell, and some changed in both cell knowledge and spatial knowledge. Evidence suggests that a stereoscopic view has a significant effect on users’ experience of spatial presence, but that increased presence does not directly translate into spatial learning.
Place Names in Colophons and Notes of Yemeni Manuscripts
Authors: Rauch Christoph 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This article points to some geographical and historical conditions of scholarship and manuscript culture in Zaydi Yemen. The place of copying is only sporadically given in the colophons of Arabic manuscripts. This is confirmed by a systematic investigation into the catalogues of the Berlin collection presented here. In particular, this article discusses the presence of place names in the colophons and notes of Yemeni manuscripts, based on an examination of 750 volumes held in the Österreichische Nationalbibliothek in Vienna, the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek in Munich, and the Staatsbibliothek in Berlin. It reveals that manuscripts from the Zaydi tradition were copied in numerous locations, but also shows the relevance of other places with respect to the transmission of knowledge. The wide range of fifty villages and smaller towns that appear in the colophons is significant for Yemen and can be explained by the long tradition of Zaydi scholars settling in the tribal territory in villages (qarya) or settlements called hijra (pl. hijar). The result remains surprising in so far as older catalogues of Yemeni manuscripts seem to be erratic and inconsistent in providing information on places of copying.
The Determinants of Vietnam’s Information and Communication Technologies Exports to the European Union
Authors: Hoan Phan Thanh , My Duong Thi Dieu 
Published: January 2022

Vietnam is one of the top information and communication technologies (ICT) exporters globally, and the ICT products constitute nearly one-fifth of Vietnam’s total exports to the European Union (EU). This study empirically investigates the determinants of Vietnam’s ICT exports to the EU by applying the gravity model for trade with panel data from 2000 to 2019. Besides the traditional variables of the gravity model, we added gross capital formation, patent application and exchange rates as explanatory variables. The results show that among factors affecting Vietnam’s ICT export to the EU, market size, patent applications, and exchange rate are the most significant determinants. The article also suggests some policy implications for the development of ICT exports between the two parties. JEL Codes: F14, C2