bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilization of cytologic cell blocks for targeted sequencing of solid tumors
Authors: Vormittag‐Nocito Erica , Kumar Ravindra , Narayan Kunwar Digvijay , Chen Zhengjia , David Odile , Behm Frederick , Mohapatra Gayatry 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundTargeted sequencing of cytologic samples has significantly increased in recent years. With increasing numbers of clinical trials for variant specific therapeutics, validating a comprehensive assay for cytologic samples has become clinically important.AimFor this study, a retrospective review of cytologic cell blocks from fine needle aspirations and fluid specimens was performed.MethodsTwo hundred twenty six total cases of solid tumor malignancies were identified, of which 120 cases and 20 lymph node negative controls were sequenced for the Oncomine Comprehensive Assay. Cytology and surgical specimen correlation was performed in a subset of cases. Statistical analysis to determine variant concordance was performed.ResultsWithin the 117 cases sequenced, a total of 347 pathogenic variants were detected. Of the 117 cases, 32 cases (27.4%) would qualify for FDA approved targeted therapy according to the current guidelines, and an additional 23 cases (19.7%) would qualify for clinical trial based on pathogenic variants detected.DiscussionWith over 27% of cases in our cohort qualifying for some form of targeted therapy, our study shows the importance of providing comprehensive molecular diagnostic options. Despite only half of the cytology cases in the review period having enough material to be sequenced, overall approximately 27% of patients in this cohort would have benefitted from this service.
Non‐coagulopathic hemothorax in a dog: A case report
Authors: LaVine Danielle , Conner Bobbi , Daniel Gregory B. , Freeman Mark 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAn 8‐year‐old, female‐spayed, Blue Heeler presented with suspected non‐coagulopathic spontaneous, hemothorax with neoplasia as the most likely differential as coagulation parameters were normal and no obvious history of trauma was reported. Computed tomography scan was crucial for diagnosis of a traumatic partial vascular avulsion injury that was successfully managed supportively.
An Optimized Ni‐catalyzed Chan‐Lam Type Coupling: Enantioretentive Access to Chiral N‐Aryl Sulfinamides
Authors: Li Chen , Zhang Kun , Ma Hongrui , Wu Shuang , Huang Yilei , Duan Yafei , Luo Yunhao , Yan Jun , Yang Guang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractC−N bond formation takes on a critical significance in reactions of organic synthesis, material production and pharmaceutical manufactory. Chan‐Lam has proposed a useful methodology to furnish secondary arylamides under mild conditions. However, when chiral sulfinamides serve as the coupling precursors, the Cu‐catalyzed coupling reaction is found with low efficacy. Complex side‐products are generated under classic conditions. Moreover, it led to the racemization of the coupling product. In this study, an optimized Ni‐catalyzed Chan‐Lam type coupling conditions were proposed, which resulted in clean conversion from chiral sulfinamides and arylboronic acids to offer N‐aryl sulfinamides efficiently and enantioretentively. The trans‐N1,N2‐dimethylcyclohexane‐1,2‐diamine was proven as the most efficient ligand. Under the optimized conditions, a series of chiral N‐aryl sulfinamides was prepared with high chemical yield without racemization. Furthermore, a plausible and novel mechanism was proposed. Interestingly, the method could efficiently furnish a wide variety of C−X bonds by coupling arylboronic acids with different nucleophiles.
A framework for developing digital health applications with efficiency and reuse principles: DHLink case study
Authors: Li Wenhao , Bidargaddi Niranjan , Fouyaxis John , Thorpe Dan 
Published: September 2022

SummaryA common issue among digital health applications is that they are based on project‐specific solutions and are developed from scratch, which results in redundant development and lack of data and technology reuse. This can be seen in, for example, building study specific websites and mobile frontends, deploying customized infrastructures, and collecting data that may have been collected in other studies and projects. However, existing data and technology are not easily shareable between projects due to large investment required to address data exchanging mechanism, data and technology sovereignty, data security and resource discovery, while the benefit for the resource owners is uncertain. In this article, we present a supporting framework, named DHLink, to address this issue on two fronts. First, the DHLink framework securely connects multiple digital health applications, facilitates real‐time data sharing, and supports rapid application development by reusing data and technology. Second, to aid in rapid development of new digital health applications, a set of highly generic and reusable microservices has been developed as the initial resources available in the DHLink ecosystem. Two proof‐of‐concept use cases outlined show the effectiveness of DHLink for both data sharing between existing applications, and rapid development of a new application.
Molecular‐level Manipulation of Interface Charge Transfer on Plasmonic Metal/MOF Heterostructures
Authors: Wang Shuobo , Tang Daojian , Zhang Yuchao , Zhao Jincai 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPlasmon‐excited hot carriers have drawn great attention for driving various chemical reactions, but the short lifetimes of hot carriers seriously restrict the performance of plasmonic photocatalysis. Constructing plasmonic metal/metal‐organic framework (MOF) heterostructures has been proved as an effective strategy to extend the lifetimes of hot carriers. Due to the high molecular tunability of MOFs, the MOF substrate in plasmonic metal/MOF heterostructures is able to capture hot electrons on the conduction band of MOF and hot holes on its valence band, and thus offers an ideal platform to separately study the detailed mechanism of hot electron and hole transfer processes. This review focuses on a molecular‐level understanding of both hot‐electron and hot‐hole transfer at plasmonic metal/MOF interfaces. The enhanced stability and photocatalytic performance by introducing MOF substrates are discussed for plasmonic metal/MOF heterostructures. Additionally, typical characterization technologies are also proposed as powerful tools for tracking hot carrier transfer process.
Genome‐wide analysis of bivalent histone modifications during Drosophila embryogenesis
Authors: Cheng Qian , Xie Hao 
Published: September 2022

SummaryIn eukaryotes, histone modifications are key epigenetic regulators that are associated with distinct chromatin features. Bivalent histone modifications describe a situation where a subset of promoters have with both activating (H3K4me3) and repressive (H3K27me3) markers in pluripotent cells (e.g., ESCs). However, it remains to be understood whether bivalent histone modifications are stable throughout developmental stages. Here, by systematically analyzing ChIP‐seq data of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3, we provided the first panoramic view of bivalent histone modifications in Drosophila from embryonic 0–4 to 20–24 hr. In our study, we found that bivalent histone modifications occur at other locations in the genome in addition to the promoter region. Additionally, the different genomic regions occupied by bivalent histone modifications exhibit spatiotemporal specificity at each stage. Furthermore, gene ontology and motif analysis reflected continuous and gradual changes of target genes during different developmental process. In summary, we suggest that bivalent histone modifications have potential regulatory functions throughout Drosophila embryonic stage.
Effects of nondiscretionary trading on futures prices
Authors: O'Neill Michael J. , Whaley Robert E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper examines the effects of the nondiscretionary trading demands of volatility index (VIX) exchange‐traded products (ETPs) issuers on the prices and volumes in the VIX futures. We find that the ETPs' informationless, mechanical rebalancing of futures positions to maintain the constant maturity of the index and the promised leverage ratios of the VIX ETPs have significantly positive predictive power for end‐of‐day futures returns. We also show that the impact on price has diminished through time from increased liquidity provided by hedge funds, and the “natural” hedging of the issuers' inverse products.
FOXO1 is downregulated in obese mice subjected to short‐term strength training
Authors: Pereira Rodrigo M. , da Cruz Rodrigues Kellen C. , Sant'Ana Marcella R. , da Rocha Alisson L. , Morelli Ana P. , Veras Allice S. C. , Gaspar Rodrigo S. , da Costa Fernandes Célio J. , Teixeira Giovana R. , Simabuco Fernando M. , da Silva Adelino S. R. , Cintra Dennys E. , Ropelle Eduardo R. , Pauli José R. , de Moura Leandro P. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObesity is a worldwide health problem and is directly associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The liver is an important organ for the control of healthy glycemic levels, since insulin resistance in this organ reduces phosphorylation of forkhead box protein 1 (FOXO1) protein, leading to higher hepatic glucose production (HGP) and fasting hyperglycemia. Aerobic physical training is known as an important strategy in increasing the insulin action in the liver by increasing FOXO1 phosphorylation and reducing gluconeogenesis. However, little is known about the effects of strength training in this context. This study aimed to investigate the effects of short‐term strength training on hepatic insulin sensitivity and glycogen synthase kinase‐3β (GSK3β) and FOXO1 phosphorylation in obese (OB) mice. To achieve this goal, OB Swiss mice performed the strength training protocol (one daily session for 15 days). Short‐term strength training increased the phosphorylation of protein kinase B and GSK3β in the liver after insulin stimulus and improved the control of HGP during the pyruvate tolerance test. On the other hand, sedentary OB animals reduced FOXO1 phosphorylation and increased the levels of nuclear FOXO1 in the liver, increasing the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and glucose‐6‐phosphatase (G6Pase) content. The bioinformatics analysis also showed positive correlations between hepatic FOXO1 levels and gluconeogenic genes, reinforcing our findings. However, strength‐trained animals reverted to this scenario, regardless of body adiposity changes. In conclusion, short‐term strength training is an efficient strategy to enhance the insulin action in the liver of OB mice, contributing to glycemic control by reducing the activity of hepatic FOXO1 and lowering PEPCK and G6Pase contents.
Changing attitudes about workplace violence: Improving safety in an acute care environment
Authors: Hendrickson Susan W. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe United States Department of Labor's Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) defines workplace violence (WPV) as any act or threat of physical violence, harassment, intimidation, or other threatening disruptive behavior that occurs at the work site. OSHA recognizes that WPV ranges from threats and verbal abuse to physical assaults and even homicide. There are no OSHA standards specifically related to WPV however the General Duty Clause, Section 5(a)(1) of the OSHA Act of 1970, requires employers to provide a workplace that is free of conditions that could cause death or serious harm to employees. The Joint Commission published standards in 2022 related to WPV. The standards require a proactive analysis of the organization relative to WPV. Monitoring of events and training of staff are also required. This article will explore one hospital's journey to understand the frequency and types of violence experienced by nurses in the facility; implement evidence‐based strategies to mitigate violence in the hospital; maintain compliance with regulatory and accrediting bodies; and most importantly, to protect our staff from harm.
A free account or not? Its effect upon information yield in strategic interviews with suspects
Authors: van Beek Martijn L. J. , Bull Ray , Mijalkovic Suzana 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAsking suspects for a free account (FA) at the start of an interview is considered good practice in a growing number of police organisations, whereas in others it still is not commonplace. This study explored whether interviews with or without such an invitation yielded more information from guilty suspects. Students in safety and security committed a mock crime and were then interviewed using a strategy of gradual disclosure of evidence, in the experimental condition preceded with an FA invitation (n = 20) and without such an invitation in the control condition (n = 17). On average, relatively little information was collected in the FA phase and far more in the subsequent gradual disclosure phase. However, the FA condition yielded seven confessions, four of which were given already in the FA phase. The No FA condition yielded only two confessions. Other differences in yield were not found. These findings indicate that an FA invitation could lead to some relevant and important information, such as a confession, being gathered already at an early stage of an interview, and that such an invitation does not hamper the gathering of further information later in the interview.
Short‐term forecasts of Monkeypox cases in multiple countries: keep calm and don't panic
Authors: Mingione Marco , Ciccozzi Massimo , Falcone Marco , Maruotti Antonello 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe propose a parametric regression model for incidence indicators based on the use of the Richards' curve (a generalized logistic function) to analyse the current Monkeypox epidemic data for the most 10 affected countries worldwide. At present, results show that the outbreak is under control in most countries.
Single‐cell transcriptome atlas reveals protective characteristics of COVID‐19 mRNA vaccine
Authors: Tan Yong , Lu Shuaiyao , Wang Bo , Duan Xuewen , Zhang Yunkai , Peng Xiaozhong , Li Hangwen , Lin Ang , Zhan Zhenzhen , Liu Xingguang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMessenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines are promising alternatives to conventional vaccines in many aspects. We previously developed a lipopolyplex (LPP)‐based mRNA vaccine (SW0123) that demonstrated robust immunogenicity and strong protective capacity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection in mice and rhesus macaques. However, the immune profiles and mechanisms of pulmonary protection induced by SW0123 remain unclear. Through high‐resolution single‐cell analysis, we found that SW0123 vaccination effectively suppressed SARS‐CoV‐2‐induced inflammatory responses by inhibiting the recruitment of proinflammatory macrophages and increasing the frequency of polymorphonuclear myeloid‐derived suppressor cells. In addition, the apoptotic process in both lung epithelial and endothelial cells was significantly inhibited, which was proposed to be one major mechanism contributing to vaccine‐induced lung protection. Cell−cell interaction in the lung compartment was also altered by vaccination. These data collectively unravel the mechanisms by which the SW0123 protects against lung damage caused by SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.
Raman hyperspectral imaging detects novel and combinations of crystals in synovial fluids of patients with a swollen joint
Authors: Niessink Tom , Kuipers Charline , de Jong Brighton Z. , Lenferink Aufried T. M. , Janssen Matthijs , Jansen Tim L. , Otto Cees 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe identification of synovial crystals is important for diagnosing rheumatic diseases. Currently, rheumatologists worldwide use compensated polarized light microscopy (CPLM) for crystal identification, but this technique is flawed. Raman spectroscopy might offer an objective, accurate alternative. We have tested Raman hyperspectral imaging on synovial fluid samples of 28 patients with swollen joints, measuring 5–10 crystals in each of these. Reference spectra for identification were measured using patient material, synthetic compounds, and oxalate kidney stones. Additionally, RRUFF and PANGAEA Raman databases were used to identify spectra. We identified the classical pathological crystals monosodium urate for gout and calcium pyrophosphate for calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease (CPPD). Hydroxyapatite, lipid spherules, and calcium oxalate monohydrate have also been observed and had been previously identified in synovial fluids. Other crystals, which were not previously observed in synovial fluid using CPLM, have been identified as well: calcite, aragonite, anatase, rutile, thenardite, dolomite, and a carotenoid. In addition, we found combinations of crystals in 13 out of 28 patients. We propose that the observed large variation of detectable crystals from a small population of patients and a small number of crystals per patient has significant ramifications for the use of compensated polarized light microscopy for the diagnosis of gout and CPPD. Further studies are required to learn the clinical significance of these crystals in human arthritis.
Moral decision‐making in pettism: The influence of animal type, pet ownership status, and social distance
Authors: Xu Kepeng , Ou Qianqian , Luo Dongli , Shi Xiaoting , Li Kang , Xue Hong , Huang Yinghua , Turel Ofir , Zhang Shuyue , He Qinghua 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSpeciesism prioritizes humans over animals and pets. Nevertheless, pet owners have a strong attachment bond with their pets, which makes their hierarchical view of pets less clear. Aiming to examine this issue, we present a dilemma involving animals and humans that allowed us to investigate whether animal type, social distance, and pet ownership status can affect moral decision‐making related to pets. Save‐willingness results showed that in the moral dilemmas of pets versus livestock versus wild animals (Studies 1a and 2a) and their own pets versus strangers (Studies 1b and 2b), pet owners prioritize pets whereas non‐owners prioritize pets (Studies 1a and 2a) and strangers (Studies 1b and 2b). Pet owners prefer to save pets more than do non‐owners (Study 1a), and this effect was only observed in females (Study 2a). Save‐decision results showed that in the moral dilemmas of pets versus livestock versus wild animals (Study 2a), pet owners prioritize pets whereas in the dilemmas of pets versus strangers (Study 2b), pet owners prioritize strangers. The same result was found in non‐owners. Pet owners prefer more than do non‐owners to save pets (Study 2). Overall, the separation of save‐willingness and save‐decision results revealed that pet owners show special speciesism (i.e., pettism).
Characteristics of emotional disturbance of female and male students in elementary, middle, and high school
Authors: Cullinan Douglas , Lambert Matthew C. , Epstein Michael H. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractProvide data on the five characteristics of emotional disturbance (ED). For 503 students with ED and 2016 without disabilities, teachers rated the characteristics (Inability to Learn;Relationship Problems;Inappropriate Behavior;Unhappiness or Depression;Physical Symptoms or Fears), plusSocially Maladjusted. We applied a 2 (ED, without disabilities) × 2 (female, male) × 3 (elementary, middle, high school) covariance analysis, with follow‐up comparisons. Students with ED showed greater problems than students without disabilities on all five characteristics, andSocially Maladjusted. OnInability to Learn, among students with ED genders did not differ at elementary but males had greater problems at middle school. OnInappropriate BehaviorandPhysical Symptoms or Fears, students with ED varied across school levels but students without disabilities did not. All five characteristics discriminated students with ED from those without disabilities. Differences between genders and school levels varied across characteristics.
Real‐world feasibility of short‐term, unsupervised home spirometry in CF
Authors: Davis Jaclyn , Ryan Morgan , Marchetti Peter , Dahlberg Suzanne E. , Greenberg Jonathan , Bacon Callie , Kaur Ravneet , Scalia Sarah , Sawicki Gregory S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of this study was to study the performance of two available home spirometers used by people with Cystic Fibrosis (PwCF) over a short‐term period and to assess user experience.Study designThis was a prospective observational study. Participants age 6 years and older were recruited to participate if they could complete acceptable spirometry in the clinic setting.MethodsParticipants used either the NuvoAir Air Next or the ZEPHYRx MIR Spirobank Smart spirometer. They underwent a one‐time virtual training session, then completed 2 weeks of daily spirometry followed by 2 months of weekly spirometry. Participants responded to surveys and completed a debrief interview to understand user experience. Statistical analyses examined feasibility, reliability, and accuracy of each spirometer in an unsupervised, real‐world setting.ResultsWe report high adherence (80% [95% CI 61%–92%]) to our study protocol in all session attempts, but lower rates of adherence after discarding sessions performed with inadequate technique (47% [95% CI 28%–66%] to 63% [95% CI 44%–80%]). We found high reliability of each device by analyzing day‐to‐day variability and good concordance to recent in‐clinic testing (NuvoAir r = 0.91 [0.82–0.93]; ZEPHYRx r = 0.70 [0.45–0.84]). Patient experience in this cohort was favorable with most reporting ease of use and reassurance knowing lung function was being tracked over time.ConclusionsThis real‐world study showed good performance of two different available home spirometers used by children and adults with CF. While overall adherence was high, suboptimal technique reduced the total interpretable data, possibly limiting feasibility. Future work should focus on developing sustainable training and coaching programs to support the success of home spirometry in a CF chronic care model.
Prescribing cascades in community‐dwelling adults: A systematic review
Authors: Doherty Ann S. , Shahid Faiza , Moriarty Frank , Boland Fiona , Clyne Barbara , Dreischulte Tobias , Fahey Tom , Kennelly Seán P. , Wallace Emma 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe misattribution of an adverse drug reaction (ADR) as a symptom or illness can lead to the prescribing of additional medication, referred to as a prescribing cascade. The aim of this systematic review is to identify published prescribing cascades in community‐dwelling adults. A systematic review was reported in line with the PRISMA guidelines and pre‐registered with PROSPERO. Electronic databases (Medline [Ovid], EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Cochrane Library) and grey literature sources were searched. Inclusion criteria: community‐dwelling adults; risk‐prescription medication; outcomes‐initiation of new medicine to “treat” or reduce ADR risk; study type‐cohort, cross‐sectional, case‐control, and case‐series studies. Title/abstract screening, full‐text screening, data extraction, and methodological quality assessment were conducted independently in duplicate. A narrative synthesis was conducted. A total of 101 studies (reported in 103 publications) were included. Study sample sizes ranged from 126 to 11 593 989 participants and 15 studies examined older adults specifically (≥60 years). Seventy‐eight of 101 studies reported a potential prescribing cascade including calcium channel blockers to loop diuretic (n = 5), amiodarone to levothyroxine (n = 5), inhaled corticosteroid to topical antifungal (n = 4), antipsychotic to anti‐Parkinson drug (n = 4), and acetylcholinesterase inhibitor to urinary incontinence drugs (n = 4). Identified prescribing cascades occurred within three months to one year following initial medication. Methodological quality varied across included studies. Prescribing cascades occur for a broad range of medications. ADRs should be included in the differential diagnosis for patients presenting with new symptoms, particularly older adults and those who started a new medication in the preceding 12 months.