bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Slimmer’s palsy following an intermittent fasting diet
Authors: Baharin Janudin , Yusof Khan Abdul Hanif Khan , Abdul Rashid Anna Misyail , Loh Wei Chao , Ibrahim Azliza , Inche Mat Liyana Najwa , Wan Sulaiman Wan Aliaa , Hoo Fan Kee , Basri Hamidon 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Isolated common peroneal neuropathy (CPN) is the most common lower extremity mononeuropathy and the third most common mononeuropathy overall in adults. It often associated with multiple aetiologies, such as trauma, hereditary neuropathies and iatrogenic causes. We report a rare case of acute bilateral foot drop in a late adolescent female following a rapid weight loss attributable to intermittent fasting diet.

Case presentation
A 19-year-old female presented with worsening bilateral foot drop following a rapid intentional weight loss by intermittent fasting diet. She lost 20% of her baseline bodyweight within a period of 4 months. Systemic disease and metabolic screenings for neuropathy differentials were unremarkable. Electrophysiological studies revealed severe entrapment neuropathy involving bilateral common peroneal nerves (CPN). Her confounding risk factors for CPN injury include contact sport activities and habitual leg crossing during sitting. Following a dietary modification and physical therapy she achieved complete recovery of weakness and function on follow-up.

Conclusions
In a patient with bilateral PN rapid weight loss, prognosis is good and complete neurologic recovery can be attained through combination of cessation of extreme diet and physical therapy.
Catheter-related atrial thrombosis: prevalence and risk factors in the pediatric age group—a retrospective study
Authors: Nassereldine Hasan , Hajj-Ali Adel , Hassanieh Joelle , Hamideh Dima , Jaafar Rola F. , Akel Samir , Zaghal Ahmad 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Catheter-related right atrial thrombosis (CRAT) is an under-studied complication of a long-term implantable venous access devices (IVAD), particularly in children with incidence rates extrapolated from the adult literature ranging between 2 and 29%. This is a single-center retrospective review of electronic medical records of children who underwent insertion of IVADs and had at least one echocardiogram performed prior to catheter removal between 2008 and 2018. Data collection included demographic information, development of CRAT, systemic infection, and administration of thrombogenic chemotherapeutic agents. We identified six patients who developed CRAT and compared them to 120 control patients. We also performed a detailed chart review for the patients who developed CRAT. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS.

Results
A total of 764 patients underwent IVAD placement between 2008 and 2018. Six (0.79%) patients developed CRAT, and 120 patients were identified as controls that match the CRAT patients based on definitive criteria that include age, gender, chemotherapy type, steroid therapy, reason of line insertion, site of catheter insertion, tip-location at insertion, and history of systemic infections. In the CRAT group, 3 (50%) patients had their catheter tips placed in the superior vena cava-right atrial junction and 3 (50%) in the right atrium, whereas in the control group, all patients had their catheter tips placed in the superior vena cava-right atrial junction (p=0.000). Five (83.3%) patients in the CRAT group received L-asparaginase as compared to 75 (62.5%) patients in the control group (p=0.301). In the CRAT group, all patients had a history of systemic infection compared to 47 (39.2%) in the control group (p=0.180).

Conclusion
We identified 6 (0.79%) children with CRAT. Catheter-tip location within the right atrium is a potential risk factor for CRAT development in children.
A case of AORPA in an adult presenting as secondary polycythemia
Authors: Krishnamurthy Premapassan , Blah Garyll Ryan Tariang , Negi Madhu Bala , Lalwani Gunjan , Shah Harshil C. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Polycythemia refers to a condition of an abnormal increase in the red blood cell (RBC) mass. In men with a hematocrit > 60% or women with a hematocrit > 55%, there is 99% likelihood that the RBC mass is elevated. WHO uses a hemoglobin concentration > 16.5 g/dl in men or 16.0 g/dl in women to define an elevated RBC mass, in its criteria for the diagnosis of polycythemia vera. Congenital cardiac anomalies presenting as polycythemia are very rare in adults.

Case presentation
In this case report, the patient presented with non-specific complaint and had an incidental finding of secondary polycythemia, ultimately diagnosed as secondary to AORPA. Our patient, a 43-year-old male, presented to our emergency with focal onset seizures without impairment of consciousness involving left upper and lower limbs. On routine investigations, the patient was found to have grade III clubbing and hemoglobin of 19.8 g/dl with elevated Erythropoietin levels. Further workup of secondary polycythemia revealed anomalous origin of the right pulmonary artery (AORPA) from the ascending aorta with tortuous patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and pulmonary hypertension. Secondary polycythemia, in our patient, was due to right to left shunt causing Eisenmenger phenomenon, following pulmonary hypertension, making it one of the rarest presentation in adults.

Conclusion
In the evaluation of secondary polycythemia, possibility of underlying asymptomatic cardiopulmonary shunt must be considered, though rare.
Machine learning model for the optimization and kinetics of petroleum industry effluent treatment using aluminum sulfate
Authors: Ugonabo Victor Ifeanyi , Ovuoraye Prosper Eguono , Chowdhury Ahmad , Fetahi Endrit 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Small-scale preliminary studies are necessary to determine the feasibility of the machine learning (ML) algorithm and time-evolution kinetics to meet the design specification of the treatment unit. The train and test datasets were obtained from jar test experimentation on the petroleum industry effluent (PIE) sample using aluminum sulfate (AS) as the coagulant. The ML algorithm from scikit-learn was employed to determine the optimum operating condition for the removal of colloidal particles, causing turbidity in the PIE. The predictive capacity of four ML models was compared based on their statistical metrics for clean discharge. The predicted optimum condition corresponds to pH (10), dosage (0.1 g/L), and settling time (30 min) which transcends to residual turbidity ≤ 10 NTU and translates to 95% removal efficiency. The second-order AS-sweep flocculation kinetic showed that at the predicted optimum conditions, modeled rate constant of 1.33 × 10−3 L/g.min and flocculation period of 1.2 min reduced the combination of the monomer, dimmer, and trimmer class colloids from an initial 570 mg/L concentration to the residual counts of 24 mg/L corresponding to residual turbidity ≤ 10 NTU under the mixing regime 14 s−1 ≤ G ≤ 164 s−1 satisfied the EPA standard for clean effluent discharge. It incorporated the selected ML output with time-evolution and aggregation kinetics to define sedimentation tank geometry for cleaner discharge. The findings from the design-driven optimization recommended a flow rate (1000 m3s−1), coefficient of kinematic viscosity (0.841 mm/s), and the required detention time (30–60 min) to define the sedimentation tank geometry.
Evaluation of cement stabilised residual soil on macro- and micro-scale for road construction
Authors: Roshan Mohammad Jawed , Rashid Ahmad Safuan Bin A. , Hezmi Muhammad Azril Bin , Nejabi Mohammad Nazir , Bt.Jusoh Siti Norafida , Tamassoki Sakina , Razali Roslizayati 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLateritic soil is a kind of residual soil widespread in tropical countries. This soil usually possesses acceptable engineering properties to be laid under the construction projects. However, it needs treatment for transportation infrastructure such as railway and road subgrade and embankment, particularly when it is in fine-grained form. Thus, cement, one of the very common stabiliser agents in soil stabilisation, was selected to study its influence on lateritic soil at macro- and micro-levels. In order to achieve this goal, UCS, durability, FESEM and EDX tests were conducted. The results obtained indicate that the UCS increase occurs with an increase in cement content and curing time. It was also found that the shear modulus increases with cement content and curing time. The durability test results disclosed that 3% cement is not enough for soil stabilisation when used for projects in the areas subjected to cyclic wetting-drying cycles. The durability test results revealed that the UCS decreased for specimens treated with 6% cement, while on the other hand, the UCS increased for samples treated with 9% and 12% cement. The FESEM results revealed that the soil micro-structure changed with the addition of cement and curing time. The EDX results presented the chemical elements change upon adding cement and increasing curing time. Overall, it was found that cement-stabilised residual soil can be used for road construction. However, the cement percentage needed to stabilise residual soil differs depending on the standards.
The nonlinear effects and applications of gain doped whispering-gallery mode cavities
Authors: Wu Xing-Yu , Wang Kai , Wang Heng , Lu Bo , Gao Yong-Pan , Wang Chuan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Whispering-gallery mode (WGM) cavities formed by dielectric structures have attracted intensive interest in various fields. The high-quality factor and smaller mode volume associated with the optical modes have inspired experiments in nonlinear optics, nanophotonics, and quantum information science. Moreover, they are also used in optical biosensors and other significant applications. To further reduce the material loss of the resonator, optical gain materials, such as erbium and ytterbium, are doped into the dielectric structure to increase the nonlinear effect and enhance the interaction between light and matter. Here in this review, we outline the most recent advancements in gain-doped optical WGM microcavities. Moreover, we introduce the dynamics of the gain in WGM resonators, the integration of gain media into WGM microcavities with various shapes, and the fabrication and applications of the gain microcavities. Also, the applications of the gain cavity based on the whispering-gallery mode have been introduced, e.g., ultra-sensitive sensors, low-threshold lasers, and high-performance optical systems.
Αξιοποίηση του διδακτικού μοντ΄έλου της ανεστραμμένης τάξης στη διδασκαλία των βιοεπιστημών στην τριτοβάθμια εκπαίδευση
Authors: Μπουμπόναρη Θεοδώρα , Κεδράκα Κατερίνα , Γρηγορίου Mαρία , Λαμπροπούλου Μαρία , Σκάβδης Γεώργιος , Κωνσταντόπουλος Χρήστος 
Published: December 2022

Η ανεστραμμένη τάξη αναδεικνύεται σε ένα πολύ ενδιαφέρον πεδίο επιστημονικής έρευνας, ωστόσο, στην Τριτοβάθμια Εκπαίδευση, η μετωπική διδασκαλία στις πανεπιστημιακές αίθουσες, είναι ακόμη η κυρίαρχη μέθοδος διδασκαλίας. Στόχος της παρούσας έρευνας είναι να αναδείξει τα πλεονεκτήματα και μειονεκτήματα της εφαρμογής του μοντέλου της ανεστραμμένης τάξης στην Τριτοβάθμια Εκπαίδευση. Για την αξιολόγηση της εφαρμογής της ανεστραμμένης τάξης από τους φοιτητές αξιοποιήθηκε ερωτηματολόγιο, το οποίο διανεμήθηκε ηλεκτρονικά στους φοιτητές μετά το τέλος των δια ζώσης μαθημάτων, στο εαρινό εξάμηνο 2021-22. Από τα αποτελέσματα προέκυψε ότι οι φοιτητές της παρούσας έρευνας έκριναν θετική την εφαρμογή του μοντέλου, αξιολογώντας υψηλά τόσο τις δραστηριότητες πριν την τάξη, δηλώνοντας ότι τους επέτρεψαν να μάθουν καλύτερα το νέο αντικείμενο στο δικό τους ρυθμό, όσο και τις δραστηριότητες στην τάξη, καθώς αυτές συνέβαλαν στην έμπρακτη εφαρμογή της νέας γνώσης και στην αλληλεπίδραση με τους συμφοιτητές τους αλλά και τον εκπαιδευτικό, γεγονός που συνέβαλε σημαντικά στη βαθύτερη κατανόηση του αντικειμένου. Παρόλα αυτά δεν είναι έτοιμοι να μπουν σε ένα σύστημα πλήρους εφαρμογής του μοντέλου αυτού, καθώς προτιμούν τις δια ζώσης διαλέξεις, υποδηλώνοντας ότι δεν είναι έτοιμοι να αναλάβουν σε ικανοποιητικό βαθμό την ευθύνη της προσωπικής τους μελέτης μόνοι στο σπίτι και έχουν ανάγκη την αλληλεπίδραση με τον διδάσκοντα. Συμπερασματικά, το μοντέλο της ανεστραμμένης τάξης θα μπορούσε να αξιοποιηθεί για να μειώσει σημαντικά τη χρήση της παραδοσιακής διάλεξης, να υπερβεί πολλούς από τους περιορισμούς των παραδοσιακών προσεγγίσεων της πανεπιστημιακής διδασκαλίας και μάθησης και εν τέλει να υπηρετήσει την προσέγγιση της μαθητοκεντρικής μάθησης.
Ultra-long quantum walks via spin–orbit photonics
Authors: Di Colandrea Francesco , Babazadeh Amin , Dauphin Alexandre , Massignan Pietro , Marrucci Lorenzo , Cardano Filippo 
Published: December 2022

The possibility of fine-tuning the couplings between optical modes is a key requirement in photonic circuits for quantum simulations. In these architectures, emulating the long-time evolution of particles across large lattices requires sophisticated setups that are often intrinsically lossy. Here we report ultra-long photonic quantum walks across several hundred optical modes, obtained by propagating a light beam through very few closely stacked liquid-crystal metasurfaces. By exploiting spin–orbit effects, these implement space-dependent polarization transformations that mix circularly polarized optical modes carrying quantized transverse momentum. As each metasurface implements long-range couplings between distant modes, by using only a few of them we simulate quantum walks up to 320 discrete steps without any optical amplification, far beyond state-of-the-art experiments. To showcase the potential of this method, we experimentally demonstrate that in the long time limit a quantum walk affected by dynamical disorder generates maximal entanglement between two system partitions. Our platform grants experimental access to large-scale unitary evolutions while keeping optical losses at a minimum, thereby paving the way to massive multi-photon multi-mode quantum simulations.
Algorithmic identification of atypical diabetes in electronic health record (EHR) systems
Authors: Cromer Sara J. , Chen Victoria , Han Christopher , Marshall William , Emongo Shekina , Greaux Evelyn , Majarian Tim , Florez Jose C. , Mercader Josep , Udler Miriam S. 
Published: December 2022

Aims
Understanding atypical forms of diabetes (AD) may advance precision medicine, but methods to identify such patients are needed. We propose an electronic health record (EHR)-based algorithmic approach to identify patients who may have AD, specifically those with insulin-sufficient, non-metabolic diabetes, in order to improve feasibility of identifying these patients through detailed chart review.

Methods
Patients with likely T2D were selected using a validated machine-learning (ML) algorithm applied to EHR data. “Typical” T2D cases were removed by excluding individuals with obesity, evidence of dyslipidemia, antibody-positive diabetes, or cystic fibrosis. To filter out likely type 1 diabetes (T1D) cases, we applied six additional “branch algorithms,” relying on various clinical characteristics, which resulted in six overlapping cohorts. Diabetes type was classified by manual chart review as atypical, not atypical, or indeterminate due to missing information.

Results
Of 114,975 biobank participants, the algorithms collectively identified 119 (0.1%) potential AD cases, of which 16 (0.014%) were confirmed after expert review. The branch algorithm that excluded T1D based on outpatient insulin use had the highest percentage yield of AD (13 of 27; 48.2% yield). Together, the 16 AD cases had significantly lower BMI and higher HDL than either unselected T1D or T2D cases identified by ML algorithms (P<0.05). Compared to the ML T1D group, the AD group had a significantly higher T2D polygenic score (P<0.01) and lower hemoglobin A1c (P<0.01).

Conclusion
Our EHR-based algorithms followed by manual chart review identified collectively 16 individuals with AD, representing 0.22% of biobank enrollees with T2D. With a maximum yield of 48% cases after manual chart review, our algorithms have the potential to drastically improve efficiency of AD identification. Recognizing patients with AD may inform on the heterogeneity of T2D and facilitate enrollment in studies like the Rare and Atypical Diabetes Network (RADIANT).
Employee perceptions of non-communicable diseases health risks, absenteeism and the role of organisational support in a South African pharmaceutical manufacturing company
Authors: Gradidge Philippe Jean-Luc , Casteleijn Daleen , Palmeira António , Maddison Ralph , Draper Catherine E. 
Published: December 2022

Background
The growing prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in South African workers has been shown to be associated with absenteeism and increased risk of morbidity. Low-income workers living in urban settings are particularly vulnerable. Consultation with workers is crucial for understanding risks and identifying opportunities for intervention to promote health in the workplace. The purpose of this study was to examine South African pharmaceutical manufacturing workers’ perspectives of health risk factors and absenteeism, and to identify how they perceived a role for the organisation to initiate interventions to improve their health.

Materials and methods
Five focus groups were conducted to capture 27 employees’ perspectives. The semi-structured focus group discussions were recorded and analysed using a thematic content analysis approach.

Results
Participants indicated that they were aware of behavioural health risks such as prolonged sitting. They showed insight into strategies to prevent injuries and stay healthy, but also expressed dissatisfaction about the lack of organisational support, leading to stress and consequently absenteeism. Participants emphasized the responsibility of the organisation to support a range of health promoting strategies

Conclusions
The findings of this study are important for cultivating a tailored workplace intervention to reduce NCD risk factors in the pharmaceutical manufacturing workforce. It is vital that these be supported by leadership of the company through the provision of funding and the development of internal healthcare services.
Lembrando dois amigos, revisitando dois livros
Authors: Dayan Daniel 
Published: December 2022

Este ensaio é sobre dois amigos próximos, Elihu Katz e Todd Gitlin, e consiste numa reexploração de dois livros: Personal influence e Media events. Começando com Media events (1992), questiono se este prolonga o impulso que esteve na base de Personal influence ou se, pelo contrário, o desvaloriza ao ponto de, por vezes, o contradizer. Passo depois para Personal influence (1955) e olho para as circunstâncias da sua escrita e receção. Como eu era criança quando o livro saiu, confio no impressionante volume que, em 2006, The Annals of American Political and Social Science dedicou à sua génese. Este volume inclui fortes críticas, e discuto muitas delas, incluindo as mais radicais. No entanto, há muitas razões pelas quais acredito que o livro Personal influence não é menos importante hoje do que quando foi publicado. Também sugiro que, apesar da sua famosa contenda, os meus dois amigos por vezes concordaram entre si.
CRESCIMENTO ECONÔMICO E SUSTENTABILIDADE
Authors: Montibeller-Filho Gilberto 
Published: December 2022

O tema "crescimento e sustentabilidade" refere-se, de fato, Ã relação entre o crescimento
econômico, o reflexo positivo deste na qualidade de vida da população e o cuidado com o
meio ambiente. Trata-se, portanto, da sustentabilidade econômica, conjuntamente à social e Ã
ambiental, isto é, da essência do paradigma do desenvolvimento sustentável. Para uma
compreensão das razões do surgimento deste novo paradigma sócio-político e científico fazse,
inicialmente, uma necessária digressão histórica. Toma-se desde o momento em que a
economia foi mais fortemente vista como a vilã do meio ambiente, até chegar-se à construção
do novo paradigma do desenvolvimento sustentável ou ecodesenvolvimento. Depois, são
abordadas as formas atuais e mais importantes segundo as quais se desdobra uma série de
procedimentos públicos e privados que buscam conduzir as atividades econômicas guiadas
por esse paradigma, enfatizando-se o caso brasileiro.
COBERTURA VEGETAL NATURAL E USO ANTRÓPICO NAS UPGRH'S E BACIAS HIDROGRÁFICAS FEDERAIS DO BIOMA CERRADO-MG
Authors: Silva Mirna Karla Amorim , Rosa Roberto 
Published: December 2022

O objetivo geral deste trabalho é analisar a distribuição da cobertura vegetal natural e uso
antrópico nas Unidades de Planejamento e Gestão de Recursos Hídricos (UPGRH's) e bacias
hidrográficas federais do Bioma Cerrado-MG. O Cerrado mineiro localiza-se entre as coordenadas
geográficas de 14º09' e 21º32' de latitude sul e 41º39' e 51º06' de longitude a oeste de Greenwich.
Para a realização deste trabalho foram utilizados os dados vetoriais georreferenciados de limite,
hidrografia e malha viária da área de estudo, as imagens do sensor ETM+/Landsat e os dados
A partir das análises realizadas, verificou-se que cerca de 52.51% da área de estudo apresentamse
ainda cobertos por vegetação natural, enquanto que 46.24% já perderam sua cobertura vegetal
natural, sendo ocupada por diferentes paisagens antrópicas. As UPGRH's mais preservadas são
a JQ3 e a SF4 e as menos preservadas são a GD3, GD6, GD8 e PN3. As bacias hidrográficas
federais mais preservadas são a bacia do rio Jequitinhonha e bacia do rio Pardo e as menos
preservadas são a bacia do rio Grande e bacia do rio Paranaíba. A metodologia utilizada foi
satisfatória e os resultados obtidos permitiram uma pequena contribuição ao conhecimento das
características ambientais do Cerrado mineiro.
ISLAM DAN CIVIL SOCIETY PERSPEKTIF USHUL FIKIH
Authors: Abbas Mustafid 
Published: December 2022

Term atau konsep civil society merupakan konsep yang berasal dari Barat sehingga konsep tersebut tentu tidak akan pernah bisa ditemukan dalam khazanah pemikiran Islam. Oleh karena itu, beberapak kalangan menolak konsep civil society, namun sebagian yang lain justru ikut memperjuangkan terwujudnya civil society dalam masyarakat muslim. Penolakan dan penerimaan terhadap konsep civil society ini tidak terlepas dari pemahaman yang berbeda atas konsep tersebut. Kalangan yang menolak konsep civil society pada umumnya berpandangan bahwa konsep tersebut bukanlah konsep yang baik untuk diterapkan di negara- negara muslim. Selain itu, kalangan yang menolak konsep civil society juga melihat bahwa Islam memiliki konsep bermasyarakat yang jauh lebih baik, yakni masyarakat ideal (khair al-ummah), sebagaimana telah dicontohkan oleh rasul dalam kehidupan bersama di Madinah. Di sisi lain, kalangan yang menerima konsep civil society dan bahkan berusaha untuk mewujudkan konsep tersebut dalam masyarakat muslim berpandangan bahwa prinsip dasar yang terdapat pada konsep civil society sebenarnya sama, atau paling tidak memiliki kemiripan, dengan konsep masyarakat idel (khair al-ummah). Artikel ini hendak mendiskusikan konsep civil society yang berkembang dalam dunia muslim. Artikel ini akan difokuskan pada bagaimana para ilmuan Islam memandang dan menyikapi venomena maraknya gerakan civil society di berbagai negara Islam. Selain itu, artikel ini juga ingin menyoroti kemungkinan dilakukannya qanunisasi hukum Islam dalam sebuah masyarakat yang menganut konsep civil society.