bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of a dividing line in a product assortment on perceived quantity, willingness to buy, and choice satisfaction
Authors: Ouyang Jun , Jia Yanli , Guo Zhaoyang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMany retailers use seemingly innocuous dividing lines to separate product alternatives on their websites or product catalogs. Although previous research on advertising design has focused on the impact of dividing lines on symbolic meanings or perceived categorization, the present research argues that, beyond symbolic or categorical functions, a dividing line can influence consumers' perceived quantity of the product alternatives displayed. Across 10 studies (including an eye‐tracking study and three additional studies reported in the Supporting Information Appendix), our results show that consumers perceive a smaller number of products displayed on a page when these products are separated by a dividing line compared to when they are not. This effect occurs because the dividing line separates the products into top versus bottom (or left vs. right) segments, such that participants' visual attention is largely drawn to the top (or the left) where their eyes first fixate. Consequently, participants tend to estimate the total number of items based on the subset they pay attention to. In addition, the effect is attenuated when participants' attention is directly drawn to the segment they have previously neglected and can hold regardless of line orientation. Finally, it can have several marketing outcomes, such as higher willingness to buy and lower post‐choice satisfaction.
Monte Carlo characterization of high atomic number inorganic scintillators for in vivo dosimetry in 192Ir brachytherapy
Authors: Kaveckyte Vaiva , Jørgensen Erik B. , Kertzscher Gustavo , Johansen Jacob G. , Carlsson Tedgren Åsa 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is increased interest in in vivo dosimetry for 192Ir brachytherapy (BT) treatments using high atomic number (Z) inorganic scintillators. Their high light output enables construction of small detectors with negligible stem effect and simple readout electronics. Experimental determination of absorbed‐dose energy dependence of detectors relative to water is prevalent, but it can be prone to high detector positioning uncertainties and does not allow for decoupling of absorbed‐dose energy dependence from other factors affecting detector response .PurposeTo investigate which measurement conditions and detector properties could affect their absorbed‐dose energy dependence in BT in vivo dosimetry.MethodsWe used a general‐purpose Monte Carlo (MC) code PENELOPE for the characterization of high‐Z inorganic scintillators with the focus on ZnSe () Z. Two other promising media CsI () and Al2O3 () were included for comparison in selected scenarios. We determined absorbed‐dose energy dependence of crystals relative to water under different scatter conditions (calibration phantom 12 × 12 × 30 cm3, characterization phantoms 20 × 20 × 20 cm3, 30 × 30 × 30 cm3, 40 × 40 × 40 cm3, and patient‐like elliptic phantom 40 × 30 × 25 cm3). To mimic irradiation conditions during prostate treatments, we evaluated whether the presence of pelvic bones and calcifications affect ZnSe response. ZnSe detector design influence was also investigated.ResultsIn contrast to low‐Z organic and medium‐Z inorganic scintillators, ZnSe and CsI media have substantially greater absorbed‐dose energy dependence relative to water. The response was phantom‐size dependent and changed by 11% between limited‐ and full‐scatter conditions for ZnSe, but not for Al2O3. For a given phantom size, a part of the absorbed‐dose energy dependence of ZnSe is caused not due to in‐phantom scatter but due to source anisotropy. Thus, the absorbed‐dose energy dependence of high‐Z scintillators is a function of not only the radial distance but also the polar angle. Pelvic bones did not affect ZnSe response, whereas large and intermediate size calcifications reduced it by 9% and 5%, respectively, when placed midway between the source and the detector.ConclusionsUnlike currently prevalent low‐ and medium‐Z scintillators, high‐Z crystals are sensitive to characterization and in vivo measurement conditions. However, good agreement between MC data for ZnSe in the present study and experimental data for ZnSe:O by Jørgensen et al. (2021) suggests that detector signal is proportional to the average absorbed dose to the detector cavity. This enables an easy correction for non‐TG43‐like scenarios (e.g., patient sizes and calcifications) through MC simulations. Such information should be provided to the clinic by the detector vendors.
Multi‐eXpert fusion: An ensemble learning framework to segment 3D TRUS prostate images
Authors: Beitone Clément , Troccaz Jocelyne 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPurposeProstate segmentation of 3D TRUS images is a prerequisite for several diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Unfortunately, this difficult task suffers from high intra and interobserver variability, even for experienced urologists/radiologists. This is why automatic segmentation algorithms could have a significant clinical added‐value.MethodsThis paper introduces a new deep segmentation architecture consisting of two main phases: view‐specific segmentations of 2D slices and their fusion. The segmentation phase is based on three segmentation networks trained in parallel on specific slice viewing directions: axial, coronal, and sagittal. The proposed fusion network is then fed with the output of the segmentation networks and trained to produce three confidence maps. These maps correspond to the local trust granted by the fusion network to each view‐specific segmentation network. Finally, for a given slice, the segmentation is computed by combining these confidence maps with their corresponding segmentations. The 3D segmentation of the prostate is obtained by restacking all the segmented slices to form a volume.ResultsThis approach was evaluated on a database of 100 patients with several combinations of network architectures (for both the segmentation phase and the fusion phase) to show the flexibility and reliability of the framework. The proposed approach was also compared to STAPLE, to the majority voting strategy, and to a direct 3D approach tested on the same database. The new method outperforms these three approaches on all evaluation criteria. Finally, the results of the multi‐eXpert fusion (MXF) framework compare favorably with other state‐of‐the‐art methods, while these methods typically work on smaller databases.ConclusionsWe proposed a novel MXF framework to segment 3D TRUS images of the prostate. The main feature of this approach is the fusion of expert network results at the pixel level using computed confidence maps. Experiments conducted on a clinical database have shown the robustness and flexibility of this approach and its superiority over state‐of‐the‐art approaches. Finally, the MXF framework demonstrated its ability to capture and preserve the underlying gland structures, particularly in the base and apex regions.
Effect of heat treatment with alternating tension on microstructure and elastic recovery of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) fibers
Authors: Sun Jun , Zhang Weiwei , Li Fengyu , Zhuo Qiqi , Qin Chuanxiang , Wang Jianjun , Dai Lixing 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPoly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) fibers have drawn much attention due to their excellent elastic recovery. Currently, PTT fibers with higher elasticity are in high demand in some special applications. In this article, in order to further improve the elasticity of PTT fibers, heat treatment with alternating tension and relaxation (AlterTR) was carried out, and as a comparison, heat treatments under the conditions of tension or relaxation were performed simultaneously. The relationships of conformation transition, crystallinity, and orientation with elastic recovery of heat treated PTT fibers were investigated. With the increase of crystallinity during the treatment, part of the higher‐energy trans conformation of the heat treated PTT fibers was converted to a lower‐energy gauche conformation, which is a primary cause of elastic recovery. AlterTR heat treated PTT fibers had both high crystallinity and high orientation, which resulted in a high elastic recovery of 79% at 30% fixed elongation after 5 cycles of stretching testing, 7% higher than untreated PTT fibers. The elastic recovery was also obviously higher than the PTT fibers heat treated under the conditions of tension or relaxation.
Survey of the use of traditional and complementary medicine among children with cancer at three hospitals in Cameroon
Authors: Afungchwi Glenn M. , Kruger Mariana , Hesseling Peter , van Elsland Sabine , Ladas Elena J. , Marjerrison Stacey 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionThere is lack of diagnostic and treatment resources with variable access to childhood cancer treatment in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMIC), which may lead to subsequent poor survival. The primary aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and types of traditional and complementary medicine (T&CM) used in Cameroon. Secondarily, we explored determinants of T&CM use, associated costs, perceived benefits and harm, and disclosure of T&CM use to medical team.MethodsA prospective, cross‐sectional survey among parents and carers of children younger than 15 years of age who had a cancer diagnosis and received cancer treatment at three Baptist Mission hospitals between November 2017 and February 2019.ResultsEighty participants completed the survey. Median patient age was 8.1 years (IQR4.1‐11.1). There was significant availability (90%) and use (67.5%) of T&CM, whereas 24% thought T&CM would be good for cancer treatment. Common T&CM remedies included herbs and other plant remedies or teas taken by mouth, prayer for healing purposes and skin cutting. Living more than five hours away from the treatment center (P = 0.030), anticipated costs (0.028), and a habit of consulting a traditional healer when sick (P = 0.006) were associated with the use of T&CM. T&CM was mostly paid for in cash (53.7%) or provided free of charge (29.6%). Of importance was the fact that nearly half (44%) did not want to disclose the use of TM to their doctor.ConclusionPediatric oncology patients used T&CM before and during treatment but were unlikely to disclose its use to the child's health care team.
A 5‐year‐old child presenting with tumor‐like primary angiitis of the central nervous system
Authors: Zhuo Xiuwei , Feng Weixing , Zhou Ji , Zhang Weihua , Gong Shuai , Fang Fang , Li Jiuwei 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTIntroductionPrimary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS) is a vasculitis confined to the CNS. A small proportion of the lesions may present as a tumor‐like mass, which is rarely seen in children.Case presentationA 5‐year‐old girl was admitted to our hospital because of an intermittent headache. Brain imaging suggested a space‐occupying lesion in the right cerebral hemisphere. The final diagnosis was PACNS with a lymphocytic pattern by stereotactic brain biopsy. Her condition improved after immunotherapy.ConclusionPediatricians should consider the possibility of PACNS when encountering intracranial tumor‐like lesions. Early diagnosis of tumor‐like PACNS and prompt immunotherapy could improve the long‐term prognosis and avoid surgery.
Development of efficient RNAi methods in the corn leafhopper Dalbulus maidis, a promising application for pest control
Authors: Dalaisón‐Fuentes Lucía Inés , Pascual Agustina , Gazza Elías , Welchen Elina , Rivera‐Pomar Rolando , Catalano María Inés 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe corn leafhopper Dalbulus maidis is the main vector of important stunting pathogens that affect maize production. Currently, there are no effective methods available to manage this pest without adverse impact on the environment. In this context, genomic‐based technologies such as RNA interference (RNAi) provide a more environmentally friendly pest control strategy. Therefore, we aimed to assess the application of RNAi in D. maidis and determine the function of a candidate gene related to insect reproduction and propagation.RESULTSWe have characterized the core RNAi genes and evaluated the functionality of the RNAi machinery. We assessed the potential of RNAi technology in D. maidis via injection or ingestion of double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) to adult females. We chose Bicaudal C (BicC) as a target gene due to its important role during insect oogenesis. Administration of dsRNABicC caused significant reductions in the transcript levels (fold changes up to 170 times) and ovipositions. Phenotypic analysis of the ovaries revealed alterations in oocyte development, providing additional confirmation for our results and supporting the idea that Dmai‐BicC is a key player of D. maidis oogenesis.CONCLUSIONThis is, to our knowledge, the first report of efficient RNAi in D. maidis. We believe our findings provide a starting point for future control strategies against one of the most important maize pests in the Americas. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Sensing properties of nonmetal doped blue phosphorene toward NO and NO2 molecules: A first‐principles study
Authors: Chen Guo‐Xiang , Wang Rui‐Xue , Li Han‐Xiao , Chen Xiao‐Na , An Guo , Zhang Jian‐Min 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFirst‐principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT‐D2 method) are adopted to systematically investigate the structure stability and sensing properties of NO and NO2 adsorbed on single nonmetals (B, C, and Si) and double nonmetals (1B1C, 1C1Si, and 1B1Si) doped blue phosphorene. The results show the chemisorption of the gas molecules absorbed on single nonmetal doped blue phosphorene with large adsorption energy, charge transfer, and small adsorption distance. Similarly, for gas molecules absorbed on double nonmetal doped blue phosphorene, while NO interaction with 1C1Si co‐doped blue phosphorene is weak. There is a strong hybridization between gas molecules and doped substrates due to the enhancing interaction, resulting in an increasing adsorption ability for gas molecules. We find that the conductivity and work function change caused by nonmetal doping is the main reason for improving the sensitivity of gas molecules, which shows more possibilities for practical gas sensor applications. Therefore, nonmetal doped blue phosphorene provides a new direction for detecting NO and NO2 in the gas sensing field.
Biological conservation measures are better than engineering conservation measures in improving soil quality of eroded orchards in southern China
Authors: Qin Xin , Zhang Yan , Yu Ronggang , Chang Xingchen , Yao Yuefei , Qiu Quan , Li Haiqiang , Wei Xiaorong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBoth biological and engineering measures have proven to be effective soil and water conservation practices for eroded environments, whereas how the soil quality varies with them remains unclear. In this study, we measured soil properties in the 0‐to‐100‐cm soil layer of eroded orchards in southern China after 17‐yr of application of different conservation measures. The purpose of the experiment was to examine the effect of biological (grass planting, intercropping) and engineering measures (terrace) on the soil quality of eroded orchards. We selected an orchard plot with traditional clean‐tillage as control. In comparison, soil pH, organic carbon, total phosphorus, microbial carbon, available potassium, and available micro‐elements contents increased significantly in orchards with biological measures, and the improvements were more dramatic in orchards planting grass in strips. However, biological measures significantly reduced the mean weight diameter of aggregates. Engineering measures significantly increased the soil pH of orchards but decreased the contents of available iron and available manganese. The soil quality index (SQI) was 4–55% higher in the biological treatment than in the control. Moreover, higher SQIs were found in the orchards with grass planting than that with intercropping, and this effect was greater in the topsoil than in deeper soils. On the contrary, engineering measures had similar SQI with clean tillage. These results suggest that biological measures are more effective than engineering measures in maintaining soil quality and nutrient content in eroded orchards in southern China.
Theoretical Study of Two‐Dimensional ZrO2/g‐C3N4 Sandwich Structure Loaded Noble‐Metal Rh Single‐Atom Catalysts
Authors: Dong Shizhi , Li Yanshuai , Liu Xuhua , Li Ruichuan , Zhao Hewei , Guo Lin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHydrogen production by photocatalysis will be an important means of obtaining hydrogen energy in the future. In this paper, a novel single‐atom catalysts structure was designed to improve the conversion efficiency of the reaction. A novel single‐atom catalysts was designed by using two‐dimensional crystalline and amorphous ZrO2 and Graphitic Carbon Nitride g‐C3N4 to form a sandwich single‐atom structure. Rh single‐atoms load was carried on the interlayer ZrO2 surface. The electronic structure and catalytic performance of the catalyst were calculated and analyzed by density functional theory. It has been shown that the electron concentration induced by the unsaturated coordination bond on the surface of the amorphous state has an excellent effect on the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction. The local surface plasmon resonance effect of noble metal reduces the work function of catalyst and improves the electron transition ability. This paper proves that amorphous interlayer photocatalyst has a wide research prospect. It provides new ideas for the design of new catalysts and green energy in the future.
Conversion of N‐Acetyl‐D‐glucosamine into 3‐Acetamido‐5‐acetylfuran Using Cheap Ammonium Chloride as Catalyst
Authors: Wang Chengyong , Wu Chaoqiang , Zhang Alei , Chen Kequan , Cao Fei , Ouyang Pingkai 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHerein, we propose a facile method for converting N‐acetyl‐D‐glucosamine (NAG) into the N‐containing chemical 3‐acetamido‐5‐acetylfuran (3A5AF) using chloride salt as a catalyst. Screening of various chloride salts showed that NH4Cl possessed the optimal catalytic performance. The catalyst NH4Cl led to a 3A5AF yield of 43 mol % with LiCl as an additive in N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent at 160 °C for 5 min. Moreover, the solvent, catalyst and additive could be reused at least five times with residual catalytic activity of 94.42 %. Additionally, scaling up of the 3A5AF preparation could be easily realized and the purity of the product 3A5AF reached >99 % purity with 45 mol % isolated yield after a simple isolation procedure. This work provides an environmentally friendly and mild method for converting NAG into 3A5AF.
Screening and Specificity Analysis of Aptamer in Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma of Breast
Authors: Guo Yuanbin , Gao Yue , Liu Xiujuan , Sun Huaqing , Shi Ming , Li Jian , Liu Zhiwei , Li Kun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBreast cancer is a common malignant tumor disease in women, and early diagnosis has a better preventive effect on cancer. Aptamers, which are mainly screened by the exponential enrichment ligand phylogenetic technique, play an important role in the early diagnosis of cancer as early diagnostic molecules. In this study, aptamers identified specifically infiltrating ductal carcinoma of breast were obtained and their specificity was investigated. The aptamers of invasive ductal carcinoma of breast were screened based on Serum‐SELEX (Ser‐SELEX) technology, and sequences that specific binding were obtained by high‐throughput sequencing. The secondary structure of the aptamers was predicted by online software, the affinity and specificity of the aptamers were determined by q‐PCR and ELASA. After 13 rounds of screening, the aptamer IDC31 was obtained, and its secondary structure was predicted to have a stem ring structure. The q‐PCR results showed that the aptamer IDC31 had strong affinity and specificity for infiltrating ductal carcinoma of breast, and the dissociation constants were within the nanomolar range. The ELASA test showed that IDC31 had great specificity for breast invasive ductal carcinoma, and the detection rate was over 80 %. Therefore, the aptamer IDC31 could be used as an early diagnosis tool for breast invasive ductal carcinoma, which provided a possibility for the early diagnosis of breast invasive ductal carcinoma.
Research on the Catalytic Hydrolysis of COS by Fe−Cu/AC Catalyst and Its Inactivation Mechanism at Low Temperature**
Authors: Han Hehe , Zhang Zhihong , Zhang Yaolei 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFor removing carbonyl sulfide (COS) from industrial waste gas at low temperatures, the critical approach is to prepare an efficient and cheap catalyst. In this paper, Fe/Cu modified coal‐based activated carbon (AC) was prepared by co‐precipitation method and tested for the catalytic hydrolysis of carbonyl sulfide (COS) at low temperatures in a fixed‐bed reactor. The results showed that the best mole ratio of Fe/Cu was 1 : 1 and the best content of metal oxides was 50 %. BET, XRD, XPS, FTIR, and SEM investigated the structure and surface properties. COS was hydrolyzed on Fe2O3 to produce H2S and CO2, and H2S reacted with CuO to have CuS. At the same time, H2S reacted with Fe2O3 to produce FeS and elementary sulfur. Oxidized elemental sulfur was to form sulfuric acid, which responded with Fe2O3 to form sulfates. The sulfates would be deposited on the catalysts’ surface and block the pore structure. Deactivation of metal oxides and blockage of pore structures were the main reason for catalyst deactivation.
Facile Preparation of MgO Nanoparticles by Microwave‐Assisted Sol‐Gel Hydrothermal Method towards the Paraoxon Pollutants Degradation
Authors: Liu Shisheng , Cai Meijie , Wei Xiaohui , Guo Minjie , Liu Shengjun , Lin Song 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe nanosized MgO (Mw‐MgO) was synthesized from Mg(OH)2 gel precursor via a microwave‐assisted sol‐gel hydrothermal method. Compared with the commercial MgO, the optimum Mw‐MgO was obtained by the calcining temperature at 500 °C, and the grain size was about 8.31 nm with a higher surface area of 213.5 m2/g. Meanwhile, such as‐prepared Mw‐MgO showed an excellent performance towards paraoxon degradation, and the maximum degradation amount was up to 43.62 mg/g@90 min at room temperature. The kinetic degradation trend was consistent with the pseudo‐second‐order model (R2>0.99). The degradation mechanism of such Mw‐MgO was also revealed by using nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) as a probe.
Hierarchically Ordered Porous Solid Acid: Preparation and Application as a Biodiesel Catalyst
Authors: Cheng Yongli , Wang Xiaomei , Feng Lei , Zhang Xu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAcid‐catalyzed esterification of high fatty acid content feedstocks with methanol is an efficient way to prepare biodiesel. In this work, using the dual template method combining the colloidal crystal template and the porogen, a series of hierarchical ordered porous weak cross‐linked polystyrene solid acid catalysts with high mass transfer efficiency and high acid density were successfully prepared. This catalyst displayed stronger acid strength and better swelling properties. The specific surface area of the obtained catalyst is 32 m2 ⋅ g−1, and its acid value reaches 4.11 mmol ⋅ g−1. The effect of the hierarchical porous structure and swelling on the access to the catalytic sites were illuminated. Acid‐catalyzed reactions showed that hierarchically ordered porous cross‐linked polystyrene solid acid catalyst was more active (the efficiency of the esterification of oleic acid and methanol was up to 93.67 %) than Amberlyst‐15 catalyst.