bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of dermatomyositis patients amidst the COVID-19 pandemic: Two case reports
Authors: Cao Yumeng , Zhou Jingrun , Cao Tingting , Zhang Guqin , Pan Huaqin 
Published: September 2022

Rationale:
In December 2019, a new epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) appeared in Wuhan, Hubei Province, and spread rapidly to other parts of China and worldwide. Although established methods exist for the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 infection, the management of dermatomyositis (DM) patients with COVID-19 is unknown.

Patient concerns:
In this article, we describe case reports of 2 patients with DM. The first case was a 67-year-old patient with DM and infected with COVID-19 who was admitted to Leishenshan Hospital for a 1-month history of fever, cough, and expectoration. The second case was a 51-year-old male patient who was admitted to Leishenshan Hospital due to fever with cough, expectoration and shortness of breath for 1 month.

Diagnoses:
The first patient was diagnosed with COVID-19 secondary to DM based on repeated SARS-CoV-2 real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) test, detailed medical history and chest computed tomography; The second patient was diagnosed with interstitial lung disease associated with anti-MDA5 DM based on the results of antirheumatic and anti-inflammatory therapy and the above 3 methods.

Interventions and outcomes:
The first patient received supportive and empirical treatment, including antiviral treatment, anti-inflammatory treatment, oxygen therapy and prophylactic anticoagulation therapy. The symptoms and laboratory results got improved after the treatments. He was discharged with thrice negative PCR tests for the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The second patient received a comprehensive treatment, including glucocorticoid and plasma exchange; his symptoms were relieved and improved.

Lessons:
These cases suggest that repeated new pathogenic test results for the coronavirus and a detailed diagnosis of the medical history are important means to distinguish these diseases. Increased attention to the individual characteristics of different cases may allow for more effective diagnosis and treatment.
Identification of potential biomarkers and pathogenesis in neutrophil-predominant severe asthma: A comprehensive bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Xu Shuanglan , Chen Zi , Ge Linyang , Ma Chenhui , He Quan , Liu Weihua , Zhang Liuchao , Zhou Linfu 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Airway neutrophilia has been associated with asthma severity and asthma exacerbations. This study attempted to identify biomarkers, pathogenesis, and therapeutic molecular targets for severe asthma in neutrophils using bioinformatics analysis.

Methods:
Fifteen healthy controls and 3 patients with neutrophilic severe asthma were screened from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Based on the analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), functional and pathway enrichment analyses, gene set enrichment analysis, protein–protein interaction network construction, and analysis were performed. Moreover, small-molecule drug candidates have also been identified.

Results:
Three hundred and three upregulated and 59 downregulated genes were identified. Gene ontology function enrichment analyses were primarily related to inflammatory response, immune response, leukocyte migration, neutrophil chemotaxis, mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade, Jun N-terminal kinase cascade, I-kappaB kinase/nuclear factor-κB, and MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway. Pathway enrichment analyses and gene set enrichment analysis were mainly involved in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, the TNF signaling pathway, leukocyte transendothelial migration, and the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. Furthermore, 1 important module and 10 hub genes (CXCL8, TLR2, CXCL1, ICAM1, CXCR4, FPR2, SELL, PTEN, TREM1, and LEP) were identified in the protein–protein interaction network. Moreover, indoprofen, mimosine, STOCK1N-35874, trapidil, iloprost, aminoglutethimide, ajmaline, levobunolol, ethionamide, cefaclor, dimenhydrinate, and bethanechol are potential drugs for the treatment of neutrophil-predominant severe asthma.

Conclusion:
This study identified potential biomarkers, pathogenesis, and therapeutic molecular targets for neutrophil-predominant severe asthma.
Squamous cell carcinoma in mature cystic teratoma of the ovary induced by human papillomavirus 16 infection: A case report and literature review
Authors: Shi Zhixian , Yang Lingyun , Bian Ce 
Published: September 2022

Rationale:
Mature cystic teratoma is the most common ovarian germ cell tumor. The malignant transformation of ovarian mature cystic teratoma (MCT) is very rare, but the prognosis is poor. We present a case of ovarian mature cystic teratoma with human papillomavirus infection and malignant transformation into ovarian squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The occurrence of this case may prove that high-risk human papillomavirus infection is a pathogenic factor inducing malignant transformation of mature cystic teratoma to SCC.

Patient concerns:
A 38-year-old woman with a solid cystic mass of 8 cm on the right ovary, and human papillomavirus (HPV) test of her cervix showed HPV-16 infection.

Diagnosis:
The transvaginal ultrasound was performed, and there was a cystic solid mass of 5.9 × 4.5 × 5.5 cm in the right adnexal area with unclear cystic fluid and rich blood flow signals in the capsule wall. HPV test of cervix showed HPV-16 infection. Diagnostic suspicion: cystic teratoma.

Intervention:
The patient signed an laparoendoscopic surgery was performed to remove the right ovarian mass. Intraoperative pathology consultation revealed the malignant transformation of mature teratoma of the right ovary and the formation of squamous or adeno-SCC. We performed laparoscopic comprehensive surgical staging (hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, omentectomy, appendectomy, pelvic and para-aortic lymph node dissection) were made.

Outcomes:
The operation was successful and the postoperative recovery was smooth, was discharged 7 days after operation. Now the patient is recovering well and is continuing chemotherapy as planned.

Conclusion:
HR-HPV infection might be a causal factor for inducing malignant transformation of ovarian MCT to SCC, and the Jumping metastasis of lymph nodes may be the characteristic of SCC-MCT, but further verification is still needed.
Effects of quarter heel raising exercise on balance and ankle strength in functional ankle instability subjects
Authors: Seo Joon Ho , Lee Mi Young 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Functional ankle instability (FAI) is defined as the subjective sensation of instability or “giving way” after an ankle sprain and occurs in approximately 40% of patients with lateral ankle instability. As an ankle joint rehabilitation intervention, heel raising exercises, toe jumping exercises, ankle joint proprioceptive exercises, as well as orthosis and taping are commonly applied to prevent the recurrence of an ankle joint injury. So this study was evaluated effect of quarter heel raising exercise (QHR) on balance and peroneus longus muscle strength in FAI subjects.

Methods:
Among 26 FAI subjects, 13 with FAI were assigned to the QHR group, and 13 with FAI were assigned to the control group which was no intervention. All of 30 subjects were evaluated Teskscan included static balance ability, Y balance test included dynamic balance ability with three directions which is anterior, posterolateral, posteromedial direction. Commander muscle testing included eversion/inversion strength ratio at pre- and post-intervention.

Results:
There was a significant interaction between group and time in static, dynamic balance, and strength. In QHR group, there was simple effect on static, dynamic balance, and strength. But control group showed no simple effect on static, dynamic balance, and strength. In the pre- and post-intervention differences between the groups. There was a significant difference in pre-intervention condition between the groups, but no significant difference between the groups in post-intervention in all conditions.

Conclusions:
QHR exercise is useful for improving the balance ability and muscle strength of the peroneus longus muscle in FAI subjects.
Developing Sentinel Surveillance for Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Using Test Results From Routine Screening During Pregnancy
Authors: Lazenby Gweneth B. , Korte Jeffrey E. , Pekar Ekaterina , Peterman Thomas A. , Cope Anna B. 
Published: September 2022

Background
Interpretation of case-based surveillance of chlamydia and gonorrhea is limited by the lack of negative tests for comparison. We sought to develop a sustainable electronic health record (EHR)-based approach to disease surveillance in a sentinel population of pregnant persons.

Methods
We conducted a 1-year assessment of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in persons receiving at least 1 pregnancy-related visit within our university medical center. Data were obtained using EHR analytic structured query language code. Patients were categorized by whether they had an STI test during pregnancy and if screened, by the STI test results (positive or negative). We assessed screening and positivity by demographic using bivariate analyses. Predictors of a positive STI test were determined using logistic regression.

Results
We identified 4553 persons who received pregnancy care from January 1 to December 31, 2021. Seventy-six percent (n = 3483) of persons were screened for an STI during pregnancy. Those who identified as white or had private insurance were less likely to have a chlamydia test. Among persons screened, Trichomonas was the most commonly detected STI (5%, 141/2698) followed by chlamydia (4%, 135/3456), and gonorrhea (0.7% 24/3468). Predictors of a positive STI test during pregnancy were Black race (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 6.0; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 4.2–8.7), 25 years or younger (aOR, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.9–3.3), and public insurance (aOR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.2–2.1).

Conclusions
We demonstrated that EHRs can be used to assess gonorrhea and chlamydia positivity. These methods could potentially be applied in other jurisdictions to improve the understanding of national STI surveillance.
Efficacy of prehabilitation prior to cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Steinmetz Carolin , Bjarnason-Wehrens Birna , Walther Thomas , Schaffland Tim Fabian , Walther Claudia 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objective
Patients awaiting cardiac surgery seem to benefit from exercise-based-prehabilitation (EBPrehab) but the impact on different perioperative outcomes compared to standard care is still unclear.

Design
Eligible non-/randomized controlled studies investigating the impact of EBPrehab in adults scheduled for elective cardiac surgery were searched on 16th december 2020 from electronic databases, including MEDLINE, CENTRAL and CINAHL. The data were pooled and a meta-analysis was conducted.

Results
Out of 1.490 abstracts six studies (n = 665) were included into the review and meta-analysis. At post-intervention-interval and at post-surgery-interval, 6-minute-walking-distance (6MWD) improved significantly in EBPrehab-group compared to controls (mean difference (MD) = 75.4 m, 95% CI, 13.7–137.1 m; p = 0.02 and 30.5 m, 95% CI, 8.5–52.6 m; p = 0.007, respectively). Length of hospital stay (LOS) was significantly shorter in EBPrehab-group (MD = -1.00 day, 95% CI, -1.78 to -0.23; p = 0.01). Participation in EBPrehab revealed a significant decrease in the risk of postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients ≤65 years (risk ratio = 0.34, 95% CI, 0.14–0.83; p = 0.02).

Conclusion
The participation in EBPrehab significantly improves post-intervention and post-surgery 6MWD, LOS and decreases the risk of postoperative AF in patients ≤65 years compared to controls.
Long-term Outcomes After Gender-Affirming Surgery
Authors: Park Rachel H. , Liu Yi-Ting , Samuel Ankhita , Gurganus Margot , Gampper Thomas J. , Corbett Sean T. , Shahane Amit , Stranix John T. 
Published: September 2022

Background
Gender dysphoria is a condition that often leads to significant patient morbidity and mortality. Although gender-affirming surgery (GAS) has been offered for more than half a century with clear significant short-term improvement in patient well-being, few studies have evaluated the long-term durability of these outcomes.

Methods
Chart review identified 97 patients who were seen for gender dysphoria at a tertiary care center from 1970 to 1990 with comprehensive preoperative evaluations. These evaluations were used to generate a matched follow-up survey regarding their GAS, appearance, and mental/social health for standardized outcome measures. Of 97 patients, 15 agreed to participate in the phone interview and survey. Preoperative and postoperative body congruency score, mental health status, surgical outcomes, and patient satisfaction were compared.

Results
Both transmasculine and transfeminine groups were more satisfied with their body postoperatively with significantly less dysphoria. Body congruency score for chest, body hair, and voice improved significantly in 40 years' postoperative settings, with average scores ranging from 84.2 to 96.2. Body congruency scores for genitals ranged from 67.5 to 79 with free flap phalloplasty showing highest scores. Long-term overall body congruency score was 89.6. Improved mental health outcomes persisted following surgery with significantly reduced suicidal ideation and reported resolution of any mental health comorbidity secondary to gender dysphoria.

Conclusion
Gender-affirming surgery is a durable treatment that improves overall patient well-being. High patient satisfaction, improved dysphoria, and reduced mental health comorbidities persist decades after GAS without any reported patient regret.
Augmented Reality–Assisted Design of Local Flaps
Authors: Kyriazidis Ioannis , Berner Juan Enrique , Jones Christopher David , Shokrollahi Kayvan , Benson Alex 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Augmented reality (AR) is a new and promising technology that has been incorporated into several aspects of our everyday life, including surgery. Examples of its application throughout various fields of surgery, although most of them are in experimental stage, have already been demonstrated and published. In this article, we describe the utilization of AR to design effectively and accurately surgical flap markings just with the help of an AR-compatible mobile phone and a low-cost application. We believe that, due to its ease of use, AR will play a pivotal role to the education and the training in the field of plastic surgery and burns, and other surgical specialties alike.
Comparison of the Results of Suture and Resorbable Plate-Screw Fixation in Craniosynostosis
Authors: Sibar Serhat , Karasu Oğuzhan , Erol Gökberk , Findikçioğlu Kemal , Börcek Alp Özgün 
Published: September 2022

Background
Although many fixation methods are used alone or in combination for craniosynostosis, only few studies have compared the effectiveness and long-term results of these methods.

Method
In this study, patients in whom suture or resorbable plate-screw system was used for fixation were evaluated in terms of postoperative results and complications. The data of patients who underwent surgery for craniosynostosis between 2002 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed and evaluated.

Results
A total of 70 patients, 41 in the suture group and 29 in the resorbable plate-screw group, were included in the study. Whitaker classification was used for head shape evaluation, and anthropometric head circumference measurements were performed in all patients in the preoperative and postoperative periods. In the postoperative period, all patients were compared in terms of the operation time, transfusion requirement, discharge, follow-up period, and complications according to the chosen fixation method.
The mean age, postoperative complication rates, anthropometric head circumference measurements, and Whitaker scores of both groups were found to be statistically similar. Although the resorbable plate-screw group had a longer follow-up period, the operation time was longer in the suture group. Furthermore, the suture group had lower transfusion requirement and earlier discharge from the hospital than the resorbable plate-screw group.

Conclusions
If fixation with suture is chosen in suitable patients, in addition to the low patient cost, this method can be safely applied in centers with limited logistical possibilities, because of the results and complication rates being similar to fixation with resorbable plate-screws.
Identification of Unequal Flow-Carrying Capabilities of Choke Vessels in Rat Abdominal Flaps
Authors: Xu Heng , Zhu Zhu , Chen Jun , Xiao Dongchao , Pan Jiadong , Wang Xin , Li Hua , Ng Sally , Zhang Yixin 
Published: September 2022

Background
Although the angiosome concept is a well-accepted theory, unexpected necrosis suggests that other factors can influence the flap survival. Our study uses the rat model to explore the flow capacity of the choke vessels across 2 angiosomes.

Methods
The medioventral line of Sprague-Dawley rats' abdominal flap was equally divided into 4 sections, which were preserved in 7 different groups (n = 6/group): A, no dissection; B to D, preserve the inferior 1/4, 2/4, and 3/4 sections; E to G, preserve the superior 1/4, 2/4, and 3/4 sections. The ratio (%) of the survival area of the distal/proximal territory was calculated. Indocyanine green, lead-oxide gel imaging, hematoxylin and eosin, and CD31 histology tests were performed.

Results
Compared with 96.0 ± 1.4% flap survival in group A, groups B, C, and D had distal territory flap loss (34.8% ± 4.1%, 65.0% ± 3.7%, and 94.3% ± 3.1% respectively). Group E lost the majority of the distal territory (3.5% ± 2.4%), whereas groups F and G (15.5% ± 3.8% and 79.2% ± 3.3%, respectively) had larger flap survival. Except for groups A and D, each of the other 2 groups showed statistically significant results (P < 0.001). Indocyanine green indicated no blood flow at the superior 1/4 part. Lead-oxide gel and histology showed that the choke vessels residing along the medioventral line had no significant difference.

Conclusions
Choke vessels do not carry blood flow equally. Two categories of choke vessels—“resting” and “active”—are proposed. The “active” form has variable flow carrying capabilities when the flap is harvested in different designs.
An Alternative Location for Fixation of Subcondylar Fractures With 2 Resorbable Plates
Authors: Hao Xing , Lv Kun 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Mandibular subcondylar fractures can be fixed with 2 titanium plates or 2 resorbable plates. However, when a wider resorbable plate is used, there might be insufficient space on subcondylar region. The authors have tested the back of the condyle as an alternative location for the wide resorbable plate.

Methods:
The fractured condyle was accessed through the preauricular approach. The first resorbable plate (4 hole plate, extended; 2 mm Inion OTPSTM) was contoured around the posterior edge of the mandibular ramus. The upper and lower parts of the very resorbable plate were twisted into 2 different planes. The upper part was adapted and then fixed on the back of the condylar neck. And the lower part was fixed on the lateral surface of the posterior edge of the mandibular ramus. The second plate (4 hole plate; 2 mm Inion OTPSTM) was put below the mandibular notch as usual.

Results and Discussion:
Postoperative computed tomography confirmed a stable anatomical reduction of condyle. One-year follow-up showed good fracture healing. The authors believe that the back of the condyle is particularly suitable for wider resorbable plate. And this alternative site on the back of the condyle is also feasible in cases where the conventional site is not available.
Incidence of Internal Carotid Artery Stenosis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients After Neck Dissection
Authors: Gao Minghua , Hu Yongjie , Yin Xuelai 
Published: September 2022

Objectives:
To determine the incidence of progressive internal carotid artery stenosis (ICAS) by head and neck contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) in 45 patients who underwent neck dissection for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Patients and Methods:
The study included 45 patients who underwent head and neck contrast-enhanced CT before and after surgery for OSCC by the Hu Yongjie team at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology of Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital in 2016 and were followed up for 5 years.

Results:
Comparison of the current CT with previously obtained head and neck contrast-enhanced CT images revealed progressive ICAS in 3 patients with a mean age of 50.0 years. All 3 patients were male, and their OSCC sites were the tongue in 2 patients and the buccal in 1 patient. Tumor resection and neck dissection were performed for all 3 patients. Two patients underwent radiotherapy. In all 3 patients, the ICAS had occurred on the same side as the tumors.

Conclusions:
The results of this study suggest that neck dissection with cervical sheath removal might increase the incidence of ICAS, but this result may need the support of a larger sample size study.
Adherence to and experiences of K–12 students in modified and standard home quarantine during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Missouri
Authors: Worrell Mary Claire , Malone Sara , Dawson Patrick , Fritz Stephanie A. , Thomas Ebony , Peeler Bre , Rains Catherine , Tinker Sarah C. , Neatherlin John C. , Barrios Lisa , Mooney Jon , Towns Katie , Newland Jason , Salzer Johanna S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn November 2020, during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, Missouri allowed local public health jurisdictions the option to implement a modified quarantine policy allowing kindergarten through 12 (K-12) students with low-risk exposures to continue in-person learning. We assessed adherence to quarantine among participants in modified quarantine and standard home quarantine and the psychosocial impacts of quarantine on students and families.MethodsIn January-March 2021, as part of an investigation of in-school transmission of SARS-CoV-2, parents of 586 participating K-12 students identified as a close contact with a person with SARS-CoV-2 were sent a survey to assess their activities and psychosocial impacts to the child and family.ResultsAmong the 227 (39%) survey respondents, 26 (11%) participated in modified quarantine and 201 (89%) participated in standard home quarantine. Forty-six percent of students in modified quarantine and 72% of students in standard home quarantine reported abstaining from non-school activities during quarantine. Parents of 17 (65%) students in modified quarantine and 80 (40%) in standard home quarantine reported low or neutral levels of stress in their children. Parents of students in standard home quarantine described greater stress, negative impacts to family functioning, and interruptions to educational opportunities for students.ConclusionsStudents in modified quarantine reported lower adherence to quarantine recommendations but lower daily impact and stressors than those in standard home quarantine. Because in-school transmission of SARS-CoV-2 has been shown to be low when layered prevention strategies are in place regardless of the use of modified or standard home quarantine, this modified quarantine approach provides a reasonable option for balancing the needs of students and families with SARS-CoV-2 prevention measures.