bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Higher risk of cardiovascular death than cancer death among long-term cancer survivors
Authors: Wang Zhipeng , Yang Lei , Wang Shengfeng , Liu Lifang , Sheng Chao , Chen Kexin , Huang Yubei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Most previous studies have focused more on the short-term risk of cardiovascular death related to traumatic psychological stress after cancer diagnosis, but less on the long-term risk of cardiovascular death. Recent studies suggested that the risk of cardiovascular death would probably outweigh the risk of index cancer death among long-time cancer survivors. However, it has not received enough attention.
Methods
Temporal trends in the proportions of cardiovascular death (PCV), cancer death (PCA), and other causes in all-cause deaths were used to show preliminary relationships between three causes of death in 4,806,064 cancer patients from the SEER Program. Competing mortality risk curves were used to investigate when cumulative cardiovascular mortality rate (CMRCV) began to outweigh cumulative cancer mortality rate (CMRCA) for cancer patients survived more than 10 years. Competing risk models were used to investigate independent factors associated with cardiovascular death in long-time cancer survivors.
Results
For all cancer patients, the PCV increased from 22.8% in the 5th year after cancer diagnosis, to 31.0% in 10th year, and 35.7% in the 20th year, while the PCA decreased from 57.7%, to 41.2% and 29.9%, respectively. The PCV outweighed the PCA (34.6% vs. 34.1%) since the 15th year for all cancer patients, as early as the ninth year for colorectal cancer patients (37.5% vs. 33.2%), and as late as the 22nd year for breast cancer patients (33.5% vs. 30.6%). The CMRCV outweighed CMRCA since the 15th year for cancer patients survived more than 10 years, the 5th year for those survived more than 15 years, and the 1st for those survived more than 20 years. Among cancer patients survived more than 20 years, elder age at diagnosis, male, local metastasis, and radiotherapy were associated with increased risk of cardiovascular death, while surgery and chemotherapy were associated with decreased risk of cardiovascular death. Sensitivity analysis by cancer sites showed similar results.
Conclusions
Cardiovascular death will gradually outweigh cancer death as survival time increases for most cancer patients. Cardio-oncologist should be involved as early as possible in the anti-cancer treatments to reduce cardiovascular death in long-term cancer survivors.
Implementation of Chemical Health, Safety and Environmental Risk Assessment in Laboratories: A Case-Series Study
Authors: Fatemi Farin , Dehdashti Alireza , Jannati Mohammadreza 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Characterizing risks associated with laboratory activities in universities may improve health, safety, and environmental management and reduce work-related diseases and accidents. This study aimed to develop and implement a chemical risk assessment method to determine and prioritize more hazardous chemicals in the academic laboratories. Methods: A case-series study was conducted at five academic laboratories and research facilities of an Iranian medical sciences university in 2021. A risk assessment was developed and implemented in three phases including identification, evaluation and classification of potential risks and hazards. The approach provided an innovative tool evaluating and prioritizing risks in chemical laboratories. Hazards were classified in a five level scale. The technique reviewed both quantitative and qualitative data and evidences using Laboratory Safety Guidance (OSHA), Occupational Hazard Datasheet (ILO) and the standards of ACGIH, IARC and NFPA codes. Results: Overall, the frequency of risks at moderate to very high levels determined for the health hazards (9.3%), environmental hazards (35.2%), and safety hazards (20.4). Hydrochloric acid had a high consumption rate in laboratory operations and received the highest risk levels in terms of potential hazards to employees’ health and environment. Nitric acid, Sulfuric acid, Formaldehyde, and Sodium hydroxide were assessed as a potential health hazards. Moreover, Ethanol and Sulfuric acid were determined to cause safety hazards. Although security provisions and procedures were considered precisely at academic laboratory activities, but lack of awareness concerning health, safety, and environmental hazards of chemical compounds and inappropriate sewage disposal system were determined as the main factors in increasing risk levels.Conclusion: Chemicals used in laboratory activities generate workplace and environmental hazards that must be assessed and mitigated. Developing a method of rating health, safety, and environmental risks related to laboratory chemicals may assist in defining and understanding potential hazards. Our assessment suggested the need for improving risk perception of individuals involved in handling chemicals to prevent from workplace and environmental hazards.
RETRACTED: Understanding the protective roles of Indian joint families for children during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Tiwari Gyanesh Kumar , Pandey Rakesh , Sharma Devaki Nandan , Ray Bablu , Dwivedi Abhigyan , Singh Ajit Kumar , Singh Pankaj 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Cardiopulmonary Ultrasound for Acute Lung Injury Patients
Authors: Yang Su , Ying Xiong , Xin Zheng , Linyan Zhao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Point of care ultrasound was used to evaluate critically ill patients, with emphasis on cardiopulmonary function assessment, so as to guide clinical decision-making and optimize the perioperative management plan. Two patients with hypoxemia were examined by bedside ultrasound. One patient had massive transfusion-related lung injury and the other had sepsis related lung injury. Combined lung and cardiac ultrasound in evaluation of 2 critically ill patients as blood transfusion and pulmonary edema was found.Case presentation: Acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage with shock. Hypoxemia occurred after massive transfusion, and bedside cardiopulmonary ultrasonography confirmed pulmonary edema for first case. In the second case, coronary artery bypass graft was performed with a great saphenous vein incision, which did not heal after surgery. Great saphenous vein incision debridement was performed in emergency presented with sepsis. Cardiopulmonary ultrasound revealed left heart dysfunction and hypoxemia associated with pulmonary edema.Conclution: At the bedside, cardiopulmonary ultrasound in critically ill patient is a useful tool for diagnosing pulmonary edema.
Cannabinoid Association with Opioid in Cancer Pain Management Therapy – A Systematic Review
Authors: Freitas Helena 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Cancer is the disease that causes the highest numbers of morbidity and mortality in the world, being one of the main symptoms chronic pain. Moderate and severe pain is usually treated with opioids, whose efficacy is proven but with several risks for the patient such as tolerance, dependence and overdose. Medical cannabis appears as a new hope for these patients in pain management. This study aims to understand whether the concomitant use of cannabinoids and opioids allows a more effective management of pain and reduce opioid use in cancer patients. Methodology: This systematic review was done through a search in three databases (PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science) for published articles that included the concomitant use of cannabinoids and opioids for the treatment of pain in cancer patients. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses to avoid duplication of studies, studies in animals or other models and studies in which cannabinoids were used recreationally were excluded. The results were presented in a table indicating the results obtained, as well as the population under study. Results: 10 studies between 2011 and 2021 with a total of 4 963 participants were considered. The studies range from randomized controlled-trials, prospective surveys and a case study. Most studies have reflected benefits in pain control and reduced use of opioids, although they are not conclusive. Discussion: The limitation of this study review is mainly based on the low number of studies pointing, however, to indications of the positive effects of the use of cannabinoids as adjuvants in the treatment of cancer-related pain.
The COVID-19 Pandemic and Trade in the US: How Policy Response and Industry Ties Relate to Export Disruptions
Authors: Schoeneman John , Brienen Marten 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Using a social network analysis model, we examine for each of the United States how aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic led to the propagation of export disruptions. We specifically measure the impact of import disruptions, COVID-related hospitalizations, subsequent policy responses, and structural network effects. In addition to looking at contemporaneous effects, we also include lagged policy response variables to see if these result different disruption recovery trends. Our results show that disruptions will noticeably cluster along industry connections. Our results are also consistent with past work that shows that non-pharmaceutical policy interventions have had limited contemporaneous effects on trade flows and extend these findings to show that up to six months after policy interventions, the impact of pandemic-related policy on exports disruptions is limited.
Mitigating the Backfire Effect Using Pacing andLeading
Authors: Zaman Tauhid , Yang Qi , Qureshi Khizar 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Researchers have found that individuals in online social networks become more resolute in their beliefs when shown opinions opposite their own, a phenomenon referred to as the backfire effect. In this work we present a persuasion technique we call pacing and leading, which can mitigate the backfire effect. This dynamic technique has one gradually evolve their opinion over time to initially pace the persuasion target, and then lead them to the desired opinion. To test this technique, we conduct a field experiment in Twitter using artificial bot accounts where the goal is to persuade users who oppose immigration to support it. Neural network based sentiment analysis of the experimental subjects' tweets identifies a strong negative sentiment for tweets containing the word ``illegals''. Based on this, we use the frequency of tweets containing illegals as a measure of the treatment effect. We find that pacing and leading is more effective than simply presenting an opposing view, which we refer to as arguing, which actually results in a backfire effect. Our results suggest that dynamic persuasion techniques can be more effective than static approaches which present a constant opinion.
Mobile app for breast cancer patients: Development process using the ADDIE models (Step 1)
Authors: AYDIN AYDANUR , GURSOY AYLA 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The mobile app is becoming an indispensable product of our lives with its different features as well as communication services that make our lives easier. In addition to communication, it is used in areas such as monitoring health checks, tracking steps, and data transfer. In addition to these features, the mobile app is an effective tool to contribute to the disease process. To take advantage of this feature of the mobile app, health professionals develop app for different types of diseases. "ADDIE model", which is one of the education models, can contribute to the design process of mobile app content. These design steps involve a systematic approach process that includes analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. This research deals with the steps related to the development process of the mobile app prepared according to this design model in detail. This research focuses on the technical aspect of the app, explains the installation of a mobile app system that can be used by the patient who has undergone breast surgery, and can guide post-surgical symptom management. This research, which details the steps of the mobile app product design process, contains information that can guide researchers who are at the stage of producing similar products.
Poly(O-Phenylenediamine)/ Montmorillonite Nanocomposites: A Novel Strategy to Arrest Bacterial Pathogens Infestation
Authors: Verma Anurakshee , Parveen Romana , Shamsi Tooba Naz , Khan Azmat Ali , Fatima Sadaf , riaz ufana 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This work is an extension to our previous work. Montmorillonite/poly(o-phenylenediamine) (MMT/POPD) Nanocomposites (NC) were synthesized by Riaz et al. 2016 and evaluated for the antimicrobial potential. Antibacterial potential of NC were investigated by the broth microdilution and agar well diffusion methods. Further, effective concentration (EC50) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the NC were determined. Intercalation and in-situ polymerization of POPD within MMT was successfully obtained using sonochemical technique. The TEM micrograph of MMT/POPD and POPD/MMT confirmed the size in the range of 20-90 nm and the shape observed was spherical (Riaz et al. 2016). The NC was then checked for antimicrobial activity against four bacterial strains and they showed potent antibacterial activity in both broth and on agar plate. Quantitative test in liquid media clearly showed that NC had viable cells reduction ability for testing strains. Results obtained here concluded that the NC can prevent the infestation of various bacterial pathogens effectively. Therefore, we propose that they are useful as effective and non-cytotoxic biologically active agents and can be used as nanocarriers with dual role i.e. in addition to carrying drugs, carrier will itself act as antibacterial agent. This dual nature of NC could be an alternative to target multi-drug resistant bacterial strains and can further be explored for their mode of action against bacterial pathogens.
Pharmacodynamics, toxicology and toxicokinetics of ropivacaine oil delivery depot
Authors: lu wudang , Hui Minquan , Gu Jingliang , Wu manli , liu li , yang yi , cao yongxiao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Ropivacaine oil delivery depot (RODD) can be used to treat postoperative incision pain. The aim was to study pharmacodynamics, toxicity and toxicokinetics of RODD. Methods: The base research of RODD were conducted. Thirty rabbits were randomly divided into saline, solvent, ropivacaine aqueous injection (RAI) 0.9 mg, RODD 0.9 mg and RODD 3 mg groups. The sciatic nerve of rabbits were isolated, dripped with RODD and the effect of nerve block were observed. In toxicity study, the rats were divided into saline, solvent and RODD 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg groups, 30 rats per group. In toxicokinetics, rats were divided into RODD 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg groups, 18 rats per group. The rats were subcutaneously injected drugs. Results: The analgesic duration of RODD 3 mg and RAI 0.9 mg blocking ischiadic nerve lasted about 20 h and 2 h, respectively and their blocking intensity were similar. The rats in RODD 75 mg/kg did not show any toxicity. RODD 150 mg/kg group compared with saline group, neutrophils and mononuclear cells increased, lymphocytes decreased and albumin decreased(P< 0.05), and pathological examination showed some abnormals. In RODD 300 mg/kg group, 10 rats died and showed some abnormalities in central nerve system, hematologic indexes, part of biochemical indexes, and the weights of spleen, liver, and thymus. However, these abnormal was largely recovered on 14 days after the dosing. The results of toxicokinetics of RODD 75 mg/kg group showed that the Cmax was 1.24±0.59 µg/mL and the AUC(0-24h) was 11.65±1.58 h·µg/mL. Conclusions: Subcutaneous injection RODD in rats released ropivacaine slowly, and showed a stable and longer analgesic effect with a large safety range.
Ultrasonographic Features and Clinical Significance of Fetal Isolated Redundant Foramen Ovale Flap
Authors: Lyu Guorong , Zhang Shijie , He Shaozheng , Chen Qiuyue , Li Liya 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Little is known about the ultrasonographic features of fetal isolated redundant foramen ovale flap (RFOF). Additionally, false positive diagnosis of aortic coarctation (CoA) may be related to the presence of an RFOF. This study aimed to explore the ultrasonographic features of RFOF and its differential diagnosis with CoA.
Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study that included 54 fetuses: 15 with isolated RFOF, 9 with CoA, and 30 normal fetuses of matched gestational age. The correlations of foramen ovale flap diameter (FOFD)/left atrial diameter (LAD) with right atrial diameter (RAD)/LAD, right ventricular diameter (RVD)/left ventricular diameter (LVD), and pulmonary artery diameter (PAD)/aortic diameter (AoD) were analyzed, and a quadratic regression model was established. Differences in FOFD/LAD, RAD/LAD, RVD/LVD, PAD/AoD, and aortic isthmus diameter were compared among the three groups.
Results
(1) Noticeable RAD/LAD, RVD/LVD, and PAD/AoD increases, aortic arch dysplasia, and aortic isthmus narrowing were found in the RFOF group (all p < 0.05); ductus arteriosus aneurysm and premature atrial beats were also observed. (2) As the RFOF severity increased, the atrial and ventricular asymmetry and disproportion between the pulmonary artery and aorta became more pronounced (r = 0.825, 0.862, 0.846, all p < 0.001). (3) Other than the FOFD/LAD, no significant differences in the RAD/LAD, RVD/LVD, PAD/AoD, or aortic isthmus diameter were found between fetuses with an RFOF and fetuses with CoA (p > 0.05).
Conclusions
Isolated RFOF has specific ultrasound features, and the degree of disproportion between the left and right heart is consistent with the severity of RFOF. Measurement and calculation of FOFD/LAD may help distinguish between RFOF and CoA.
Laparoscopic aspirator bracket: A new instrument facilitating the aspiration and exposure of operative field simultaneously in laparoscopic nephron-sparing surgery
Authors: Yan Fengqi , Dou Xiaoliang , Zhu Guangfeng , Tang Qisheng , Zhang Bo , Zhao Bo , Yu Lei , Wang He , Wang Yong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Laparoscopic nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) is the standard of care for small renal masses whenever feasible. This study aims to describe a novel laparoscopic aspirator bracket (LAB) and its use in laparoscopic NSS by a simple enucleation technique.
Methods
Between July 2017 and July 2019, we performed 54 laparoscopic NSS due to renal tumour using an SE technique by either LAB (n = 26) or laparoscopic aspirator (LA, n = 28) in 3 independent medical centres by 6 experienced surgeons. The novel aspirator could aspirate liquid and expose the operative field simultaneously. The details of operative technique are provided in the accompanying video. General characteristics and perioperative data of all patients were collected and retrospectively. Patients were followed up for 12 months after laparoscopic renal tumor simple enucleation (SE) operation. Renal function outcomes and perioperative complications were assessed.
Results
All 54 patients were successfully operated without conversion to open surgery. The use of the LAB in laparoscopic renal tumor SE operation can shorten the warm ischemia time ([WIT], LAB 12.92 ± 8.38 min vs. LA 17.89 ± 6.73 min) and increase the zero ischemia (ZI) rate (LAB 23.08% vs. LA 3.57%). In the one-year follow-up, the LAB group showed quicker renal function recovery (ipsilateral renal function 3 months after the surgery, LAB 41.67 ± 10.11% vs. LA 36.75 ± 10.30%). The limitations of this study were limited number of patients and retrospective attribute.
Conclusion
The new LAB could aspirate and expose the operative field with a single instrument. In operations that need to expose and aspirate simultaneously, such as in renal tumor simple enucleation, it could shorten WIT and improve the postoperative renal function recovery.
Effect of preceding antiplatelet agents on ischemic stroke severity in patients with a history of stroke
Authors: Yamada Takehiro , Tanaka Eijirou , Kishitani Toru , Kojima Yuta , Nakashima Daisuke , Kitaoji Takamasa , Teramukai Satoshi , Nagakane yoshinari 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Antiplatelet agents are effective in secondary prevention of ischemic stroke and can reduce the severity of first-ever ischemic stroke. However, it remains controversial whether prophylactic administration of antiplatelet agents can reduce the severity of recurrent ischemic stroke. This study aimed to determine the effect of preceding antiplatelet treatment on ischemic stroke severity in patients with a prior history of stroke.Methods: From the prospective hospital registry of 1338 consecutive patients with ischemic stroke within 7 days of symptom onset, we identified patients with a prior history of stroke who were admitted due to cerebral thrombosis, which included large-artery atherosclerosis, small vessel occlusion, and branch atheromatous disease. Patients were categorized into 2 groups according to preceding medication: antiplatelet (AP) group and none (N) group. Those with preceding anticoagulant agents or unknown prior medication were excluded. Stroke severity (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale: NIHSS) on admission was compared between the 2 groups.Results: A total of 88 patients were analyzed. Out of these, 66 were identified in the AP group (median age 78, male 71%), and 22 in the N group (median age 71, male 73%). The median NIHSS on admission was lower in the AP group than in the N group (3 vs 5, p=0.043). In multivariate analysis, preceding antiplatelet treatment was independently associated with mild stroke (NIHSS ≤4) on admission (odds ratio 5.77, 95% confidence interval 1.73-21.6, p=0.004).Conclusion: Preceding antiplatelet treatment in patients with a prior history of stroke may reduce the severity of subsequent cerebral thrombosis.
‹Postdigitales Schultheater›
Authors: Traulsen Sören Jannik , Büchner Felix 
Published: March 2022

Der vorliegende Beitrag dient als Grundlage zur Theoretisierung und Konzeptualisierung des ‹Postdigitalen Schultheaters›. Ausgangspunkt sind theoretische Überlegungen, die den Postdigitalitätsbegriff aus kultur- und medienwissenschaftlicher Perspektive mit aktueller Forschung zur Digitalisierung in der Kulturellen Bildung und schlussendlich mit zeitgenössischen Konzeptualisierungen von theaterpädagogischer (Schul-)Praxis verbinden. Als wichtiger Einflussfaktor für das Postdigitale Schultheater werden dabei u. a. digitale Transformationsprozesse innerhalb der Theaterkunst (als zentrale Bezugskunst des Schultheaters) im Zuge der ‹Postdigital Condition› identifiziert. Um diese Transformationsprozesse zu ergründen, wurden zwei zentrale Forschungsfragen aufgestellt: (1) ‹Wer spricht wie über Theater und Digitalität?› und (2) ‹Welche Implikationen erschliessen sich daraus für das Postdigitale Schultheater?›. Die Analyse des aktuellen Diskurses um ‹Theater und Digitalität› ergab, dass sich vier idealtypische Positionen bestimmen lassen, die insbesondere durch ihre Verortung des ‹Digitalen› im Theater zu unterscheiden sind. Das Digitale ist demnach entweder im Spiel mit Medientechnologien auf der Bühne, in der Lebenswelt zeitgenössischer Theatermachender als ‹Digital Natives›, in den strukturellen Beschaffenheiten des Internets oder in der Ästhetik einer theatralen ‹Post-Internet-Art› zu finden. Bezüglich der theaterpädagogischen (Schul-)Praxis wurde aus diesen Positionen jeweils eine zugespitzte und diskussionsanregende These für das Postdigitale Schultheater abgeleitet.