bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of the emergency department in implementing an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Authors: Gilbert Felicity , Mitchell Gary , Townsend Shane , Dhanani Jayesh , Sng Nicole 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital has introduced an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) cardiopulmonary resuscitation (E‐CPR) service with collaboration between ED and ICU teams for refractory cardiac arrest patients. E‐CPR is potentially beneficial to patients who do not gain return of spontaneous circulation after conventional advanced cardiac life support treatments, provided specific demographic and biochemical inclusion criteria are met. A joint ICU and ED decision is reached to commence ECMO flow. We discuss our rationale to use the ED and the emergency physician role in leading the multidisciplinary team, with ICU leading the cannulation team. The development of ED processes and the increased availability of this intervention can significantly impact the survivability of refractory cardiac arrest with good neurological outcomes.
Fungal microbiomes associated with Lycopodiaceae during ecological succession
Authors: Perez‐Lamarque Benoît , Laurent‐Webb Liam , Bourceret Amélia , Maillet Louis , Bik Francis , Cartier Denis , Labolle François , Holveck Pascal , Epp Didier , Selosse Marc‐André 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLycopodiaceae species form an early‐diverging plant family, characterized by achlorophyllous and subterranean gametophytes that rely on mycorrhizal fungi for their nutrition. Lycopodiaceae often emerge after a disturbance, like in the Hochfeld reserve (Alsace, France) where seven lycopod species appeared on new ski trails following a forest cut. Here, to better understand their ecological dynamic, we conducted a germination experiment of lycopod spores following an anthropogenic disturbance and examined their associated fungi. Only 12% of the samples germinated, and all gametophytes were abundantly colonized by a specific clade of Densosporaceae (Endogonales, Mucoromycotina), which were also present in the roots of lycopod sporophytes, but absent from the ungerminated spores and the roots of surrounding herbaceous plants, suggesting high mycorrhizal specificity in Lycopodiaceae. In addition, ungerminated spores were profusely parasitized by chytrid fungi, also present in the surrounding lycopod gametophytes and sporophytes, which might explain the low spore germination rate. Altogether, the requirement of specific mycorrhizal Mucoromycotina fungi and the high prevalence of parasites may explain why Lycopodiaceae are often rare pioneer species in temperate regions, limited to the first stages of ecological succession. This illustrates the primordial roles that belowground microbes play in aboveground plant dynamics.
A guide to sampling design for GPS‐based studies of animal societies
Authors: He Peng , Klarevas‐Irby James A. , Papageorgiou Danai , Christensen Charlotte , Strauss Eli D. , Farine Damien R. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

GPS‐based tracking is widely used for studying wild social animals. Much like traditional observational methods, using GPS devices requires making a number of decisions about sampling that can affect the robustness of a study's conclusions. For example, sampling fewer individuals per group across more distinct social groups may not be sufficient to infer group‐ or subgroup‐level behaviours, while sampling more individuals per group across fewer groups limits the ability to draw conclusions about populations.

Here, we provide quantitative recommendations when designing GPS‐based tracking studies of animal societies. We focus on the trade‐offs between three fundamental axes of sampling effort: (1) sampling coverage—the number and allocation of GPS devices among individuals in one or more social groups; (2) sampling duration—the total amount of time over which devices collect data and (3) sampling frequency—the temporal resolution at which GPS devices record data.

We first test GPS tags under field conditions to quantify how these aspects of sampling design can affect both GPS accuracy (error in absolute positional estimates) and GPS precision (error in the estimate relative position of two individuals), demonstrating that GPS error can have profound effects when inferring distances between individuals. We then use data from whole‐group tracked vulturine guineafowl Acryllium vulturinum to demonstrate how the trade‐off between sampling frequency and sampling duration can impact inferences of social interactions and to quantify how sampling coverage can affect common measures of social behaviour in animal groups, identifying which types of measures are more or less robust to lower coverage of individuals. Finally, we use data‐informed simulations to extend insights across groups of different sizes and cohesiveness.

Based on our results, we are able to offer a range of recommendations on GPS sampling strategies to address research questions across social organizational scales and social systems—from group movement to social network structure and collective decision‐making.

Our study provides practical advice for empiricists to navigate their decision‐making processes when designing GPS‐based field studies of animal social behaviours, and highlights the importance of identifying the optimal deployment decisions for drawing informative and robust conclusions.
Digital inclusion in Spanish mainstream and special schools: Teachers' perceptions of Internet use by students with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Chiner Esther , Gómez‐Puerta Marcos , Cardona‐Moltó María Cristina 
Published: October 2022

Accessible summary
Students with intellectual disabilities in mainstream and special schools can benefit from information and communication technologies, including the Internet.
We asked teachers about the benefits, risks and safety of online activities for students with intellectual disabilities.
Teachers perceive that online activities are not safe enough for this group.
Teachers in special and mainstream schools hold different perceptions.
Teacher training is necessary to promote digital inclusion.
Using a biopsychosocial approach to examine parental sense of burden and competency associated with raising a child with a physical disability
Authors: Barak Sharon , Elad Dina , Gutman Dafna , Silberg Tamar 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundParents report both positive and negative experiences associated with raising a child with a physical disability. However, distinctive factors may affect children and families differently.AimsUsing a biopsychosocial approach, the current study expands on the existing literature on the general impact of raising a child with a disability.MethodsParticipants were 98 parents of children/youth with a physical disability. Parents reported on child's level of physical disability, the impact of the disability on the family (financial, social, personal strain and mastery) and their general health. Data were analysed to examine how different biopsychosocial factors are associated with raising a child with a physical disability.ResultsParents reported that child's disability had a higher social impact, compared with the financial and personal burden, as well as compared with their sense of competency and mastery. Child's level of disability was associated with financial burden, whereas parental emotional distress was associated with parents' personal and social burden, with the latter also associated with parent's religiosity. Total impact was associated with parental emotional distress and educational level.ConclusionsAltogether, parental characteristics, but not child's characteristics, were associated with greater caregiver burden. Furthermore, the social impact a child's physical disability has on the family exceeded other sources of burden within the family. Providing parents social and emotional support, tailored to their unique biopsychosocial needs, may mitigate burden and distress, and increase sense of competency among families of children with a physical disability.
HDRNet: High‐Dimensional Regression Network for Point Cloud Registration
Authors: Gao Jian , Zhang Yuhe , Liu Zehua , Li Siyi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAbstract‐3D point cloud registration is a crucial topic in the reverse engineering, computer vision and robotics fields. The core of this problem is to estimate a transformation matrix for aligning the source point cloud with a target point cloud. Several learning‐based methods have achieved a high performance. However, they are challenged with both partial overlap point clouds and multiscale point clouds, since they use the singular value decomposition (SVD) to find the rotation matrix without fully considering the scale information. Furthermore, previous networks cannot effectively handle the point clouds having large initial rotation angles, which is a common practical case. To address these problems, this paper presents a learning‐based point cloud registration network, namely HDRNet, which consists of four stages: local feature extraction, correspondence matrix estimation, feature embedding and fusion and parametric regression. HDRNet is robust to noise and large rotation angles, and can effectively handle the partial overlap and multi‐scale point clouds registration. The proposed model is trained on the ModelNet40 dataset, and compared with ICP, SICP, FGR and recent learning‐based methods (PCRNet, IDAM, RGMNet and GMCNet) under several settings, including its performance on moving to invisible objects, with higher success rates. To verify the effectiveness and generality of our model, we also further tested our model on the Stanford 3D scanning repository.
Getting the guts to expand stroke treatment: The potential for microbiome targeted therapies
Authors: Monsour Molly , Croci Davide M. , Agazzi Siviero , Borlongan Cesario V. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimsThis review focuses on the recent literature regarding the role of the gut‐brain axis (GBA) following ischemic stroke.DiscussionStroke is the 5th leading cause of death and disability in the United States; however, few therapies have been developed to improve prognoses. There is a plethora of evidence suggesting peripheral inflammatory responses play a large role in the pathogenesis of stroke. Additionally, hyperglycemic conditions may play a significant role in worsening stroke outcomes due to microbiome dysbiosis.ConclusionRecent research has illuminated the vital role of the GBA in propagating poor clinical outcomes, such as hemorrhagic transformation, following ischemic stroke. Considering this detrimental consequence of stroke, and the apparent role of the GBA role, future therapeutics should aim to mitigate this peripheral contribution to stroke complications.
Evaluation of myocardial work in patients with resistant arterial hypertension
Authors: de Andrade Hygidio Daniel , Le Bihan David , Batista Souza Jonathan , Bellio de Mattos Barretto Rodrigo , Mathias Wilson , Gonçalves de Sousa Marcio 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimsIndividuals with resistant arterial hypertension are particularly at risk of developing target organ damage and cardiovascular events. The advanced echocardiography technique called myocardial work (MW), through the analysis of the left ventricular pressure‐strain loop, is among the possibilities for evaluating these individuals. Our study was designed to describe the behavior of MW indices in individuals with resistant arterial hypertension (RH), controlled hypertension (CH), and normal arterial pressure (N).Methods and ResultsSeventy‐one patients underwent Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM) and were characterized into three groups after a medical consult: RH (subjects with hypertension on four or more antihypertensive medications despite having controlled blood pressure); CH (subjects with hypertension on up to two antihypertensive medications); and N (individuals with normal ABPM; not using any medications). Echocardiographic analysis was performed using the Vivid E95 ultrasound system and blood pressure was measured at the time of the examination and subsequently used to determine myocardial work indices. RH demonstrated lower global work efficiency (GWE, mean = .95%; p = .005) and higher global wasted work (GWW, mean = 114 mm Hg%; p = .011) compared to other groups. Left ventricular mass measured by three‐dimensional echocardiography, systolic wall stress, relative wall thickness and peak systolic dispersion were inversely correlated to GWE. No difference was observed between CH and N groups regarding MW indices. On multivariate analysis, only systolic wall stress remained as an independent predictor of GWE, when controlled by 3D mass index, relative wall thickness, peak systolic dispersion, and the hypertension group.ConclusionIndividuals with resistant hypertension have lower global work efficiency and higher global wasted work, compared to individuals with controlled hypertension and without arterial hypertension.
Sex‐specific and hormone‐related differences in vascular remodelling in atherosclerosis
Authors: Yerly Anaïs , van der Vorst Emiel P. C. , Baumgartner Iris , Bernhard Sarah Maike , Schindewolf Marc , Döring Yvonne 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAtherosclerosis, a lipid‐driven inflammatory disease, is the main underlying cause of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) both in men and women. Sex‐related dimorphisms regarding CVDs and atherosclerosis were observed since more than a decade ago. Inflammatory mediators such as cytokines, but also endothelial dysfunction, vascular smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation lead to vascular remodelling but are differentially affected by sex. Each year a greater number of men die of CVDs compared with women and are also affected by CVDs at an earlier age (40–70 years old) while women develop atherosclerosis‐related complications mainly after menopause (60+ years). The exact biological reasons behind this discrepancy are still not well‐understood. From the numerous animal studies on atherosclerosis, only a few include both sexes and even less investigate and highlight the sex‐specific differences that may arise. Endogenous sex hormones such as testosterone and oestrogen modulate the atherosclerotic plaque composition and the frequency of such plaques. In men, testosterone seems to act like a double‐edged sword as its decrease with ageing correlates with an increased risk of atherosclerotic CVDs, while testosterone is also reported to promote inflammatory immune cell recruitment into the atherosclerotic plaque. In premenopausal women, oestrogen exerts anti‐atherosclerotic effects, which decline together with its level after menopause resulting in increased CVD risk in ageing women. However, the interplay of sex hormones, sex‐specific immune responses and other sex‐related factors is still incompletely understood. This review highlights reported sex differences in atherosclerotic vascular remodelling and the role of endogenous sex hormones in this process.
The refined management of medical finance combined with information technology construction
Authors: Liu Dong‐e 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBased on the information construction and taking a hospital as an example, this paper analyzes the current situation, existing problems, and reasons for financial management. This paper puts forward the scheme of optimizing hospital financial management and points out that accounting, asset management, cost management, and performance are all based on accounting. Even though with the continuous improvement and development of hospital informatization, various infrastructures have been built, the problems are more prominent. This can be solved by improving the focus on the products, and processes by reducing waste, or by increasing the quality. In hospitals, the core layer of hospital information technology is the financial management construction and development, and it is also an indispensable factor. It is better to improve the hospital's financial fine management level and promote the hospital's sustainable development. It is not enough to improve the assessment management and comprehensive budget management. It is necessary to integrate the perfect Health Information System, enterprise resource planning system, scientific research system, and structured query language database, establish a comprehensive financial management platform, and obtain data information and indicators of various economic operations in hospitals. Experiments show that the consumables sorting optimization algorithm in this paper can improve the equipment management of medical finance to some extent. In other aspects, this system also incorporates information technology to make enhancements to the original financial management.
Effects of temperature on monarch caterpillar pigment variation in nature
Authors: Tseng Michelle , Bevanda Carolina , Bhatti Sahibveer Singh , Black Emily N. , Chang Elizabeth , Chiang Jonathan , Dhaliwal Harleen , Dimitriou Alexandra , Gong Sunny Y. , Halbe Eashan , Harris Noam , Huntsman Lydia , Lipka Jennifer Ann , Malloff Juniper , McHugh Erin , Mikkelsen Mira , Noroozbahari Armin , Olson Amelija , Pirouz Daniel , Ramanathan Kishoore , Rogers Maryann , Singh Suman , Skurnac Jenna Rachel , Straus Samantha , Sun Yolanda , Sun Yu Jia , Wang Grace , Wong Justin Kwong Ching 
Published: October 2022

Abstract1. Insect colour patterns serve a wide range of ecological functions and the biotic and abiotic factors mediating colour variation in nature have been well characterised.2. Nonetheless, the majority of studies in this field have focused on adult insects (particularly butterflies). Almost nothing is known about the factors that mediate intra‐specific colour variation in juveniles in nature, even though they are often as conspicuously coloured as their adult counterparts.3. Here we show that temperature predicts a small but significant amount of monarch (Danaus plexippus) caterpillar pigment variation in nature. Over a 650,000‐km2 region in Canada and the USA, caterpillars found in warmer locations or lower latitudes had thinner black stripes than those found in colder locations or higher latitudes. Caterpillars have also become less black over the last five years, a result consistent with observed short‐term increases in summer temperature in this region.4. Our study demonstrates that the relationship between temperature and monarch caterpillar pigmentation seen in laboratory settings is also apparent in nature, although with considerable variation. Our study also highlights the utility of online biodiversity repositories such as iNaturalist for characterising pattern and colour variation in nature.
Health action process approach in oral health behaviour: Target interventions, constructs and groups—A systematic review
Authors: van Nes Karin Alexandra , van Loveren Cor , Luteijn Michiel Fridthjof , Slot Dagmar Else 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to systematically map the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA)‐based interventions in dentistry in relation to the type of intervention, the target groups and the constructs of the HAPA model that are used in the study and to assess the clinical relevance of the studies.MethodsA search in the databases of the National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE‐PubMed), PsychINFO and Cochrane‐CENTRAL was conducted. A quality assessment to estimate the risk of bias and a qualitative descriptive analysis were performed. The overall gathered evidence was graded.ResultsTen randomized controlled trials and three observational studies thus in total 13 studies were included. Flossing was the targeted behaviour in ten studies. The target groups consisted of students, adolescents and dental patients. Overall, all nine HAPA constructs were used, but only one study used all HAPA constructs. Six studies presented the used behavioural change techniques according to the BCT taxonomy. Based on the number of the used constructs, only two studies were classified as HAPA intervention studies. The most frequently used constructs were action control as an intervention and behaviour as an outcome measure. The overall evidence was graded with moderate certainty.ConclusionIn the majority of the studies, the targeted intervention was flossing and the population consisted of students, adolescents and dental patients. All studies used only a selection of the HAPA constructs. Therefore, only a minority of the studies can be considered real HAPA intervention studies.
A systemic study on the effect of egg white protein and isomalto‐oligosaccharide mixture on the functional and gelation properties of Culter alburnus myofibrillar protein during long‐term frozen storage
Authors: Zhang Zhongli , Xiong Zhouyi , Xiong Hanguo , Walayat Noman , Nawaz Asad , Khalifa Ibrahim , Aadil Rana Muhammad , Li Sha , Lorenzo Rodriguez Jose M. 
Published: October 2022

SummaryThe protective effects of egg white protein (EWP) and isomalto‐oligosaccharide (IMO) mixture (EWP/IMO, 1:1, m/m) on Culter alburnus myofibrillar proteins (Mfp) during long‐term frozen storage were systemically evaluated by comparing Mfp samples treated with EWP/IMO, IMO or EWP alone, using sample without any of them as blank control. After long‐term frozen storage, 1% IMO and 1% EWP/IMO were more effective than 1% EWP in reducing oxidative denaturation‐induced changes in functional groups and conformational sites of Mfp. Additionally, after frozen storage for 60 days, Mfp emulsion activity index (EAI) and emulsion stability index (ESI) were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in 1% IMO (20.68 m2 g−1 vs. 56.54%) and 1% EWP/IMO (18.47 m2 g−1 vs. 53.09%) than in 1% EWP (16.73 m2 g−1 vs. 45.98%) and blank control (15.16 m2 g−1 vs. 40.13%). Furthermore, Mfp gel strength was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in 1% EWP/IMO (7.14 g cm−1) than in IMO (6.33 g cm−1), EWP (5.34 g cm−1) and blank control (4.58 g cm−1). Moreover, rheological test and LF‐NMR results showed that adding EWP/IMO could more effectively improve Mfp gel viscoelasticity and three‐dimensional gel network than adding EWP or IMO alone. This study provides a new theoretical perspective for applying EWP/IMO as a potential low‐temperature protective agent in protein‐based gel products.
Pickering emulsion stabilised by double‐modified starch particles and its delivery property for curcumin
Authors: Gong Hui , Lin Shunshun , Ren Hongtao , Song Xiaoyan , Zhao Quanzhi 
Published: October 2022

SummaryRice starch was hydrophobised by octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) and then modified by roast dry heating at 180°C for 40 min (RDH‐40) to improve its digestibility. The oil‐in‐water Pickering emulsions stabilised by double‐modified starch particles were fabricated. The emulsion stability under different formulation parameters was investigated. Results showed that the suitable parameters for fabrication of Pickering emulsion were RDH‐40 concentration of 4.0 wt.%, oil volume ratio of 50% and pH of the system was 7.0. The addition of NaCl and sucrose (0–200 mmol/L) slightly reduced the emulsion stability. Microstructure results revealed that the starch particles and a few gelatinized starch macromolecules distributed around the oil droplets, making the emulsion more stable. Compared with the emulsions stabilised by Tween 20 and OSA starch, the Pickering emulsion stabilised by 4.0% RDH‐40 starch showed the highest loading and embedding rates for curcumin at 25 and 40°C. The emulsion stabilised by RDH‐40 had a faster free fatty acid release rate and higher curcumin bioaccessibility than that stabilised by OSA starch during in vitro digestion. This study helps to develop new starch‐based Pickering emulsions for the delivery of oil‐soluble bioactive substances.