bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliable Paper Surface Treatments for the Development of Inkjet‐Printed Electrochemical Sensors
Authors: Zea Miguel , Moya Ana , Villa Rosa , Gabriel Gemma 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe need for disposable, simpler, and accurate paper‐based analytical devices represents an open research field that is focused on simpler fabrication methods. To achieve this, four feasible methodologies are proposed for the direct printing of an electrochemical sensor on a biodegradable paper substrate using commercial gold and silver inks, which are compatible with inkjet printing technology. Four substrate treatment strategies are evaluated: printing the active elements directly on the hydrophilic bare paper, a hydrophobic gas‐phase coating over all the substrate, a hydrophobic silane ink that is selectively printed on the paper, and a hydrophobic coating that is selectively printed and blocks the surface porosity. Thanks to the ability of the inks to conform the cellulose fibers, the resulting working electrodes tune their electrochemical active area, showing higher active electrochemical areas when the roughness is increased. The most planar consideration is achieved blocking the paper porosity with SU‐8 and the direct printing on bare paper maximizes the electrochemical response with the smallest geometric area, with current values 2.7‐times higher than the theoretical one. Although all methods allow a functional electrochemical sensor, the highest reproducible results are accomplished with the blocked paper, consequently allowing a higher controlled and robust manufacturing approach.
BMP Gene‐Immobilization to Dental Implants Enhances Bone Regeneration
Authors: Maekawa Shogo , Cho Young‐Dan , Kauffmann Frederic , Yao Yao , Sugai James V. , Zhong Xiaoyang , Schmiedeler Caroline , Kinra Nitin , Moy Alyssa , Larsson Lena , Lahann Joerg , Giannobile William V. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFor individuals who have experienced tooth loss, dental implants are an important treatment option for oral reconstruction. For these patients, alveolar bone augmentation and acceleration of osseointegration optimize implant stability. Traditional oral surgery often requires invasive procedures, which can result in prolonged treatment time and associated morbidity. It has been previously shown that chemical vapor deposition (CVD) polymerization of functionalized [2.2]paracyclophanes can be used to anchor gene encoding vectors onto biomaterial surfaces and local delivery of a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)‐encoding vector can increase alveolar bone volume and density in vivo. This study is the first to combine the use of CVD technology and BMP gene delivery on titanium for the promotion of bone regeneration and bone to implant contact in vivo. BMP‐7 tethered to titanium surface enhances osteoblast cell differentiation and alkaline phosphatase activity in vitro and increases alveolar bone regeneration and % bone to implant contact similar to using high doses of exogenously applied BMP‐7 in vivo. The use of this innovative gene delivery strategy on implant surfaces offers an alternative treatment option for targeted alveolar bone reconstruction.
Bioinspired Polymeric Coating with Self‐Adhesion, Lubrication, and Drug Release for Synergistic Bacteriostatic and Bactericidal Performance
Authors: Wang Haimang , Yang Yuhe , Zhao Weiwei , Han Ying , Luo Jing , Zhao Xin , Zhang Hongyu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA combination of surface lubrication and antibacterial performance is highly imperative for biomedical implants in clinic. In this study, motivated by mussel‐inspired adhesion, articular cartilage superlubrication, and drug‐loading capacity of cyclodextrins, a new copolymer of p(DMA‐MPC‐CD) (namely PDMC) with self‐adhesion, lubrication, and drug loading & release properties is developed for fabricating a versatile platform to construct a synergistic bacteriostatic/bactericidal surface. Specifically, the biomimetic coating is prepared via polydopamine mediated layer‐by‐layer (LBL) self‐assembly method on the surface of titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V), and characterized by quartz crystal microbalance, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and surface wettability to confirm the modification process. The biocompatibility evaluation using L929 cells shows that the coating, even with pre‐loaded bactericide, presents satisfied biocompatibility in vitro. Additionally, the enhanced lubrication and bacterial resistance properties of copolymer‐coated Ti6Al4V (Ti6Al4V@PDMC) are attributed to the tenacious hydration shell that is formed surrounding the zwitterionic phosphorylcholine charges. Furthermore, the bactericidal function of the biomimetic coating is successfully achieved by releasing the pre‐loaded bactericide in a sustained manner, which effectively kills the adhered bacteria on the surface. In summary, the bioinspired surface functionalization strategy developed here may act as a universal and promising method for achieving enhanced lubrication and synergistic bacteriostatic/bactericidal properties in biomedical implants.
Measurements and Modeling of Atomic‐Scale Sidewall Roughness and Losses in Integrated Photonic Devices
Authors: Roberts Samantha , Ji Xingchen , Cardenas Jaime , Corato‐Zanarella Mateus , Lipson Michal 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAtomic‐level imperfections play an increasingly critical role in nanophotonic device performance. However, it remains challenging to accurately characterize the sidewall roughness with sub‐nanometer resolution and directly correlate this roughness with device performance. A method that allows to measure the sidewall roughness of waveguides made of any material (including dielectrics) using the high resolution of atomic force microscopy is developed. This method is illustrated by measuring state‐of‐the‐art photonic devices made of silicon nitride. The roughness of devices fabricated using both deep ultraviolet (DUV) photo‐lithography and electron‐beam lithography for two different etch processes is compared. To correlate roughness with device performance, a new Payne–Lacey Bending model is described, which adds a correction factor to the widely used Payne–Lacey model so that losses in resonators and waveguides with bends can be accurately predicted given the sidewall roughness, waveguide width and bending radii. Having a better way to measure roughness and use it to predict device performance can allow researchers and engineers to optimize fabrication for state‐of‐the‐art photonics using many materials.
Single‐Photon Emission from Single Microplate MAPbI3 Nanocrystals with Ultranarrow Photoluminescence Linewidths and Exciton Fine Structures
Authors: Yuan Junyang , Zhou Dawei , Zhuang Chen , Zhou Yong , Zhang Chunfeng , Wang Lin , Xiao Min , Wang Xiaoyong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractStimulated by the superior performance of organic–inorganic MAPbI3 perovskite films in photovoltaic devices, a lot of research interest is now being devoted to their low‐dimensional nanocrystals (NCs) to extend the optoelectronic functionalities as well as to promote the potential applications in quantum information technologies. Compared to other organic–inorganic and all‐inorganic counterparts that have been intensively studied, the MAPbI3 NCs suffer from the optical and chemical instabilities so that their single‐particle photophysical properties have been largely unexplored up to now. Here, the authors have synthesized single MAPbI3 microplates from a two‐step method and characterize their optical properties mainly at the cryogenic temperature, showing that localized optical emitters are universally present with the quantum feature of single‐photon emission. Photoluminescence (PL) linewidth measured for such a single quantum emitter can be as narrow as ≈200 μeV, as a direct consequence of its embedment inside the microplate with the spectral diffusion effect being greatly suppressed. This has allowed them to resolve the exciton fine structures from some of the studied single quantum emitters, each of which is manifested as a PL doublet with the energy separation of ≈600 μeV and the orthogonally linear polarizations.
Boric Acid‐Activated Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence and Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence for Efficient Solid‐State Photoluminescence Materials
Authors: Wang Donghui , Lu Zhangdi , Qin Xiaoman , Zhang Zhen , Shi Yu‐e , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Wang Zhenguang , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe construction of highly luminescent solid‐state materials with long‐lived afterglow through a straightforward method is promising but still a challenging task. Herein, a heat‐treatment strategy is proposed to embed levofloxacin (Lev) in the matrix of boric acid (BA) to produce a complex with a photoluminescence quantum yield of 63.8% and an emission lifetime of 0.74 s (afterglow: >5 s). Detailed investigations suggest that the unique photophysical properties of the complex are attributed to the confinement effect of BA matrix to Lev, which reduces the probability of nonradiative relaxation and activates the radiative decays to result in the promoted emission efficiency. In addition, thermally activated delayed fluorescence is also activated due to the alteration of the π transition of Lev by the formation of boron–carbon bonds. The emission color and lifetime are also modulated through controlling the synthetic conditions, which endow their applications both in light‐emitting diodes and information encryption. Thus, the present results are significant for the construction of solid‐state luminescent materials, including fluorescence and room‐temperature phosphorescence, and also provide a solid and universal theory to clarify their detailed emission profiles.
Ring Closure of Nitroalkylmalonates for the Synthesis of Isoxazolines under the Acylation Conditions
Authors: Antonova Yulia A. , Nelyubina Yulia V. , Ioffe Sema L. , Sukhorukov Alexey Yu. , Tabolin Andrey A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAcylation of nitroalkylmalonates was found to yield substituted isoxazoline derivatives. This redox‐neutral transformation has a wide substrate scope and produces target products with yields up to 92%. Various substituents (aryl, alkyl, and ester) at the C3 and C4 positions of the resulting isoxazolines were also tolerated. A quick assembly of the isoxazoline ring starting from nitroalkenes and malonates was successfully developed. Control experiments showed that the intramolecular ring closure is the most likely key mechanistic step. Subsequent transformations into pyrrolidine and furane derivatives demonstrated the synthetic utility of the obtained products.magnified image
Cleavage‐Responsive Biofactory T Cells Suppress Infectious Diseases‐Associated Hypercytokinemia
Authors: Kim Hyelim , Son Boram , Seo Eun U , Kwon Miji , Ahn June Hong , Shin Heungsoo , Song Gyu Yong , Park Eun Ji , Na Dong Hee , Cho Seung‐Woo , Kim Hong Nam , Park Hee Ho , Lee Wonhwa 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSevere infectious diseases, such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), can induce hypercytokinemia and multiple organ failure. In spite of the growing demand for peptide therapeutics against infectious diseases, current small molecule‐based strategies still require frequent administration due to limited half‐life and enzymatic digestion in blood. To overcome this challenge, a strategy to continuously express multi‐level therapeutic peptide drugs on the surface of immune cells, is established. Here, chimeric T cells stably expressing therapeutic peptides are presented for treatment of severe infectious diseases. Using lentiviral system, T cells are engineered to express multi‐level therapeutic peptides with matrix metallopeptidases‐ (MMP‐) and tumor necrosis factor alpha converting enzyme‐ (TACE‐) responsive cleavage sites on the surface. The enzymatic cleavage releases γ‐carboxyglutamic acid of protein C (PC‐Gla) domain and thrombin receptor agonist peptide (TRAP), which activate endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) and protease‐activated receptor‐1 (PAR‐1), respectively. These chimeric T cells prevent vascular damage in tissue‐engineered blood vessel and suppress hypercytokinemia and lung tissue damages in vivo, demonstrating promise for use of engineered T cells against sepsis and other infectious‐related diseases.
Intricacies and Mechanism of p‐Doping Spiro‐MeOTAD Using Cu(TFSI)2
Authors: Hochgesang Adrian , Biberger Simon , Grüne Jeannine , Mohanraj John , Kahle Frank‐Julian , Dyakonov Vladimir , Köhler Anna , Thelakkat Mukundan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCopper salts are a popular choice as p‐dopants for organic semiconductors, particularly in N2,N2,N2′,N2′,N7,N7,N7′,N7′‐octakis(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐9,9′‐spirobi[9H‐fluoren]‐2,2′,7,7′‐tetramine (Spiro‐MeOTAD) hole transport material for solar cells. While being exceptionally effective, no scientific consensus about their doping mechanism has been established so far. This study describes the thermodynamic equilibria of involved species in copper(II) bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Cu(TFSI)2) doped, co‐evaporated Spiro‐MeOTAD. A temperature‐independent formation of charge transfer states is found, followed by an endothermic release of free charge carriers. Impedance and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy unravel low activation energies for hole release and hopping transport. As a result, (52.0 ± 6.4)% of the total Cu(TFSI)2 molecules form free, dissociated holes at 10 mol% and room temperature. CuI species arising out of doping are stabilized by formation of a [CuI(TFSI)2]‐ cuprate, inhibiting elemental copper formation. This CuI species presents a potent hole trap reducing their mobility, which can be averted by simple addition of a bathocuproine complexing agent. A nonlinear temperature‐dependent conductivity and mobility that contradicts current charge transport models is observed. This is attributed to a combination of trap‐ and charge transfer state freeze‐out. These insights may be adapted to other metal salts, providing guidelines for designing next‐generation ultra‐high efficiency dopants.
Burn and mechanical residue removal methods on production‐life of Kentucky bluegrass
Authors: Holman Johnathon D. , Robertson Jack D. , Johnson‐Maynard Jodi , Painter Kathleen , Assefa Yared 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGiven the importance of Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) seed production in the inland Pacific Northwest, USA, and the difficulty to predict and maintain seed yields as production fields age, greater knowledge of the impact of reduced or nonthermal practices on seed yield and stand longevity is necessary. Longer‐term studies (>3 yr) are needed to maintain high bluegrass seed yields, reduce soil erosion, and amortize the expense of stand establishment. The purpose of this study was to measure the impact of residue management practice on seed production throughout the expected 7‐yr life of a bluegrass field. Four residue management treatments—full load burn (FLB), bale then burn (BB), bale then mow then harrow (MEC), and rotation system (SYS) (MEC in Year 1, BB in Year 2, and FLB in Year 3)—were evaluated from 2002–2007. Average seed yields over the entire study period were 774 kg ha–1 in FLB, 742 kg ha–1 in BB, 525 kg ha–1 in MEC, and 600 kg ha–1 in SYS. Nonstanding residue removal was difficult to accomplish using MEC compared with FLB. Reduced‐burn methods (BB and SYS), however, were able to keep this residue level lower than MEC, and therefore yielded more than MEC. Across‐treatment regression suggest that seed yield was negatively influenced by the amount of nonstanding residue in the previous fall (r2 = .64), yet positively influenced by the nitrogen content of standing biomass in the previous fall (r2 = .78). Profitability was highest in BB and FLB. Overall, understanding the factors that relate to stand decline may help growers prolong stand life and increase profitability, while mitigating air quality issues.
Chronic myeloid leukemia: 2022 update on diagnosis, therapy, and monitoring
Authors: Jabbour Elias , Kantarjian Hagop 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDisease OverviewChronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm with an incidence of 1–2 cases per 100 000 adults. It accounts for approximately 15% of newly diagnosed cases of leukemia in adults.DiagnosisCML is characterized by a balanced genetic translocation, t (9;22) (q34;q11.2), involving a fusion of the Abelson gene (ABL1) from chromosome 9q34 with the breakpoint cluster region (BCR) gene on chromosome 22q11.2. This rearrangement is known as the Philadelphia chromosome. The molecular consequence of this translocation is the generation of a BCR::ABL1 fusion oncogene, which in turn translates into a BCR::ABL1 oncoprotein.Frontline TherapyFour tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), imatinib, dasatinib, bosutinib, and nilotinib are approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for first‐line treatment of newly diagnosed CML in chronic phase (CML‐CP). Clinical trials with second generation TKIs reported significantly deeper and faster responses but had no impact on survival prolongation, likely because of the availability of effective TKIs salvage therapies for patients who have a cytogenetic relapse with frontline TKI therapy.Salvage TherapyFor CML post failure on frontline therapy, second‐line options include second and third generation TKIs. Although potent and selective, these TKIs exhibit unique pharmacological profiles and response patterns relative to different patient and disease characteristics, such as patients' comorbidities, disease stage, and BCR::ABL1 mutational status. Patients who develop the T315I “gatekeeper” mutation display resistance to all currently available TKIs except ponatinib, asciminib, and olverembatinib. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation remains an important therapeutic option for patients with CML‐CP and failure (due to resistance) of at least two TKIs, and for all patients in advanced phase disease. Older patients who have a cytogenetic relapse post failure on all TKIs can maintain long‐term survival if they continue a daily most effective/least toxic TKI, with or without the addition of non‐TKI anti‐CML agents (hydroxyurea, omacetaxine, azacitidine, decitabine, cytarabine, busulfan and others).
De novo heterozygous variants in SLC30A7 are a candidate cause for Joubert syndrome
Authors: Penon‐Portmann Monica , Eldomery Mohammad K. , Potocki Lorraine , Marafi Dana , Posey Jennifer E. , Coban‐Akdemir Zeynep , Harel Tamar , Grochowski Christopher M. , Loucks Hailey , Devine Walter Patrick , Van Ziffle Jessica , Doherty Dan , Lupski James R. , Shieh Joseph T. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractJoubert syndrome (JS), a well‐established ciliopathy, is characterized by the distinctive molar tooth sign on brain MRI, ataxia, and neurodevelopmental features. Other manifestations can include polydactyly, accessory frenula, renal, or liver disease. Here, we report individuals meeting criteria for JS with de novo heterozygous variants in SLC30A7 (Chr1p21.2). The first individual is a female with history of unilateral postaxial polydactyly, classic molar tooth sign on MRI, macrocephaly, ataxia, ocular motor apraxia, neurodevelopmental delay, and precocious puberty. Exome sequencing detected a de novo heterozygous missense variant in SLC30A7: NM_133496.5: c.407 T > C, (p.Val136Ala). The second individual had bilateral postaxial polydactyly, molar tooth sign, macrocephaly, developmental delay, and an extra oral frenulum. A de novo deletion–insertion variant in SLC30A7, c.490_491delinsAG (p.His164Ser) was found. Both de novo variants affect highly conserved residues. Variants were not identified in known Joubert genes for either case. SLC30A7 has not yet been associated with a human phenotype. The SLC30 family of zinc transporters, like SLC30A7, permit cellular efflux of zinc, and although it is expressed in the brain its functions remain unknown. Published data from proteomic studies support SLC30A7 interaction with TCTN3, another protein associated with JS. The potential involvement of such genes in primary cilia suggest a role in Sonic Hedgehog signaling. SLC30A7 is a candidate JS‐associated gene. Future work could be directed toward further characterization of SLC30A7 variants and understanding its function.
Thrombopoietin and collagen in low doses cooperatively induce human platelet activation
Authors: Doi Tomoaki , Hori Takamitsu , Onuma Takashi , Mizutani Daisuke , Ueda Kyohei , Enomoto Yukiko , Matsushima‐Nishiwaki Rie , Tanabe Kumiko , Hioki Tomoyuki , Tokuda Haruhiko , Iwama Toru , Iida Hiroki , Kozawa Osamu , Ogura Shinji 
Published: June 2022

AimIn acute medicine, we occasionally treat life‐threatening conditions such as sepsis and trauma, which cause severe thrombocytopenia. Serum thrombopoietin levels have been reported to increase under the condition of thrombocytopenia related to severity. Collagen is a crucial activator of platelets, and Rho family members, such as Rho/Rho‐kinase and Rac, play roles as active molecules involved in the intracellular signaling pathways in platelet activation. The present study aimed to elucidate the effects of thrombopoietin (TPO) on subthreshold low‐dose collagen‐stimulated human platelets in terms of Rho/Rho‐kinase and Rac.MethodsPlatelet‐rich plasma donated from healthy volunteers was stimulated by the subthreshold low‐dose of collagen after pretreatment with TPO and/or NSC23766, an inhibitor of the Rac‐guanine nucleotide exchange factor interaction, or Y27632, an inhibitor of Rho‐kinase. Platelet aggregation was measured using an aggregometer based on laser‐scattering methods. Proteins involved in intracellular signaling were analyzed using western blotting, and the secretion of platelet‐derived growth factor‐AB from activated platelets was determined using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsUnder the existence of TPO, the low dose of collagen remarkably elicited the aggregation and platelet‐derived growth factor‐AB secretion of platelets, which were suppressed by NSC23766 and Y27632. The combination of TPO and collagen considerably induced a transient increase of guanosine triphosphate (GTP)‐binding Rac and GTP‐binding Rho followed by an increase of phosphorylated cofilin, a Rho‐kinase substrate.ConclusionThese results strongly suggest that TPO and collagen in low doses cooperatively potentiate human platelet activation through both Rac and Rho/Rho‐kinase mediated pathways.
Green composites of poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) and sugarcane bagasse fibers plasticized with triethyl citrate: Thermal, mechanical and morphological properties
Authors: Ferrão Victor , Bortoloni Perin Giovanni , Felisberti Maria Isabel 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this work, PHBV composites were prepared by melting extrusion using triethyl citrate (TEC) as a biodegradable plasticizer and sugarcane bagasse fibers (SBF) as reinforcement. The plasticizer TEC played a crucial role in the preparation of the formulations by extrusion, reducing the viscosity of the melt and minimizing the thermomechanical degradation of PHBV. Moreover, TEC was an efficient plasticizer for the composites, reducing the glass transition and melting temperatures of PHBV and making the specimens ductile. The increase in the concentration of TEC led to an enlargement of the interlamellar spacing and larger PHBV spherulites without changing the cell parameters. In contrast, the introduction of the SBF elevated the viscosity of the molten during extrusion, leading to thermomechanical degradation of PHBV. The SBF acted as a nucleation agent for the PHBV crystallization and oriented the growth of the PHBV crystals due to the transcrystallization, which contributed to the matrix‐filler adhesion, the increase in the lamellae thickness, and changes in the thermal properties of PHBV. The SBF acted as a reinforcing agent, increasing the tensile properties of the matrix. Therefore, TEC and SBF had antagonistic effects on the properties of the formulations, opening opportunities to tune their properties by varying the composition.