bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early outcomes of Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Chevron/Akin Osteotomy for Symptomatic Hallux Valgus Deformity
Authors: Madi Naji S. , Braunstein Jacob R. , Fletcher Amanda N. , Doumat George , Parekh Selene G 
Published: April 2022

Category: Midfoot/Forefoot; Bunion Introduction/Purpose: Hallux Valgus (HV) is a common progressive forefoot deformity. Although traditional open techniques have shown good outcomes, no technique has been shown to be superior to other techniques and 15% of patients have procedure related complications. This has significant functional restrictions, pain, and reduced quality of life. Minimally Invasive (MIS) percutaneous techniques became more popular in Orthopaedics. The current third generation of hallux valgus MIS technique developed by Vernois and Redfern features a percutaneous procedure with a stable internal fixation. The purpose of this study is to review the early outcomes of MIS hallux valgus operation by a single surgeon. Methods: Electronic health records were queried from January 1, 2015, through February 01, 2021, for patients who underwent MIS to treat HV deformity. Patients were treated by a single surgeon. The primary clinical outcomes assessed were visual analog pain score (VAS), rate of revision surgery, and recurrence. Additionally, radiographic outcomes were assessed including pre-and postoperative hallux valgus angle (HVA), inter-metatarsal angle (IMA), and foot width. The secondary outcomes included postoperative complications: infection, scar hypersensitivity, hardware irritation, hardware loosening, removal of hardware, and metatarsal fracture. Results: A total of 91 feet underwent MIS to correct symptomatic HV deformity. The mean age of this cohort was 53.63 +- 15.42 years, mean BMI of 26.81 +- 6.21, mean follow-up of 6.33 +- 6.39 months and 87 feet belonged to female patients. Patients showed a statistically significant (P < 0.001) improvement in VAS score after surgery. The radiographic outcomes showed significant (P < 0.001) improvement for all three variables at final follow up, with a mean improvement of 10.70° +- 6.42, 2.39° +- 3.55, and 5.30 mm +- 4.23 for the HVA, IMA, and foot width respectively. Two patients (2.2%) required revision surgery, one due to nonunion and one due to persistent pain. One patient had a hardware irritation that did not require hardware removal and one patient had a second metatarsal fracture. No feet had HV recurrence, hardware loosening, infection, or scar hypersensitivity. Conclusion: The current study showed that minimally invasive percutaneous Chevron/Akin for symptomatic hallux valgus correction is an effective and safe technique. In addition to a low complication rate, significant improvement in pain score and radiographic parameters at final follow up were demonstrated. Future randomized trials with long term follow up are needed to validate the outcomes of minimally invasive techniques.
Predictors of Deformity in Patients with Progressive Collapsing Foot Deformity and Valgus of the Ankle
Authors: Mansur Nacime S. , Lalevée Matthieu , Vivtcharenko Victoria , Carvalho Kepler , Dibbern Kevin N. , Deland Jonathan T. , Ellis Scott J. , Femino John E. , de Cesar Netto Cesar 
Published: April 2022

Category: Hindfoot; Ankle; Ankle Arthritis; Midfoot/Forefoot Introduction/Purpose: Markers used for diagnosis and severity grading are well studied in patients with Progressive Collapsing Foot Deformity (PCFD). Medial facet subluxation (MFS) in weight-bearing computerized tomography (WBCT) has been established as an early indicator of peritalar subluxation (PTS). When the disease affects the ankle leading to a valgus talar tilt (class E), structures distal to this topography may behave differently, trying to compensate for proximal deformity. The aim of this study is to assess predictors of deformity in PCFD patients with and without valgus of the ankle. Our hypothesis is that MFS cannot be used in Class E patients as an accurate marker for the evaluation and staging of PCFD. Methods: In this IRB-approved retrospective case-control study, we analyzed WBCT imaging of 21 consecutive patients with PCFD with valgus of the ankle and 64 controls (flexible PCFD without ankle involvement). MFS (defined by the percentage of uncoverage), middle facet incongruence angle, middle cuneiform-to-floor distance, forefoot arch angle, talonavicular uncoverage angle, hindfoot moment arm (HMA), Foot and Ankle Offset (FAO), and talar tilt angle (TTA) were obtained and compared between groups using one-way ANOVA. A multivariate regression analysis was performed to evaluate which of the measurements influenced the alignment. A partition prediction model was constructed to assess how the variables contributed to the deformity. P values <0.05 indicated statistical significance. Results: Differences between groups were found for MFS, HMA, FAO, and TTA, with a lower mean value of MFS in PCFD patients with valgus of the ankle. An inverse relation between MFS and TTA was found, which was demonstrated by an increase in the talar tilt and a decrease in middle facet uncoverage. FAO values were affected by MFS in the control group (R2: 0.25) but not in the ankle valgus group (R2: 0.001), which was influenced mainly by the TTA (R2: 0.53). Additionally, a FAO value higher than 12.14 was found to be a strong predictor of deformity at the ankle. Conclusion: Medial facet subluxation was lower in patients with PCFD and valgus of the ankle (Class E), which demonstrates that MFS is a weak predictor of deformity severity. Therefore, this suggests that talar tilt angle and Foot and Ankle Offset should be used as disease markers in this group of patients. Furthermore, a FAO value above 12.14 may be an indicator of ankle involvement in PCFD patients.
Chemoprophylaxis is Cost-Effective in Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Authors: Martinazzi Brandon J. , Kirchner Gregory , Bonaddio Vincenzo , Manto Kristen M. , Stauch Chris M. , Koroneos Zachary , Aynardi Michael C. , Juliano Paul J. 
Published: April 2022

Category: Ankle; Ankle Arthritis; Other Introduction/Purpose: The use of chemoprophylaxis to prevent thromboembolic complications following total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) is debated in the field of orthopaedics. The incidence of thromboembolic complications has been shown to vary within the literature, and some studies suggest that the incidence may be similar to what is seen following hip and knee arthroplasty. Therefore, some surgeons will prescribe chemoprophylaxis, such as aspirin 325mg or enoxaparin 40mg following surgery, especially in high-risk patients. To our knowledge, the cost-effectiveness of chemoprophylaxis in TAA has not been investigated. This article presents a break-even analysis for chemoprophylaxis in TAA for the prevention of thromboembolic complications. Methods: The estimated cost of treating a thromboembolic complication ($9,407.00) as well as the product cost of aspirin (325 mg) and enoxaparin (40 mg) were obtained from our institution's purchasing records. The high and low rates of thromboembolic complications were obtained from the literature. A break-even analysis was then performed to determine the absolute risk reduction (ARR) in thromboembolic complication rates to make chemoprophylaxis with aspirin 325mg and enoxaparin 40mg cost- effective. Results: The initial high rate of a thromboembolic complication following TAA was determined to be 9.8%. Costing $0.25, aspirin was considered cost-effective if the initial thromboembolic complication rate decreased by an ARR of 0.00266%, while enoxaparin (costing $131.73) was cost-effective if the initial rate decreased by an ARR of 1.40034%. For comparison, the initial low rate of thromboembolic complication following TAA was determined to be 0.45%. At this rate, aspirin was again considered to be cost- effective if the initial rate decreased by an ARR of 0.00266%. However, at this low rate, the ARR required to achieve cost- effectiveness for enoxaparin exceeds the initial thromboembolic complication rate. Conclusion: While the use of chemoprophylaxis following TAA is still being investigated, this break-even analysis demonstrates that aspirin is highly cost-effective for preventing thromboembolic complications. Furthermore, our results indicate that enoxaparin is cost-effective at the higher rates of thromboembolic complications, but cost-effectiveness is eliminated at a low rate. Not only does this break-even analysis demonstrate the cost-effectiveness of aspirin and, in some cases, enoxaparin, but the model can be easily applied to the values at any institution in order for orthopaedic surgeons to determine the cost-effectiveness of a therapeutic of their choice.
Effect of Prior Joint-sparing Surgery on Outcomes of First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Fusion for Treatment of Hallux Rigidus
Authors: Rajan Lavan , Fuller Robert , Zhu Jiaqi , Ellis Scott J. 
Published: April 2022

Category: Midfoot/Forefoot; Other Introduction/Purpose: Joint-sparing procedures such as cheilectomy are alternatives to first metatarsophalangeal fusion (MTPF) for treatment of hallux rigidus. These procedures have the proposed benefit of preserving joint motion and allowing for subsequent fusion if necessary. Despite the low incidence of revision after cheilectomy, some patients require subsequent MTPF due to arthritis progression or failure of symptom resolution. Prior studies have not compared outcomes between patients undergoing arthrodesis after cheilectomy and patients undergoing primary MTPF. The objective of this study was to determine if a history of a prior cheilectomy affected patient reported outcomes in patients treated with MPTF. We hypothesized that there would be no differences in outcomes between patients with and without history of prior cheilectomy. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included adult patients treated with MTPF for hallux rigidus with preoperative and minimum 1-year postoperative Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) scores. Patients with no prior joint-sparing procedure (primary MTPF group) were assigned to one cohort, and patients with history of prior cheilectomy were assigned to another. Initial comparisons in preoperative PROMIS physical function (PF), pain interference (PI), pain intensity (Pint), global physical health (PH), global mental health (MH), and depression (D) scores were made using Mann-Whitney U tests. Postoperative PROMIS scores were compared using multivariable linear regression, controlling for age, BMI, gender, and preoperative scores. Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used to assess improvement in preoperative to postoperative scores in both groups. Results: A total of 127 patients (100 primary MTPF, 27 prior cheilectomy) with average follow-up of 19.6 months were included. Patient demographics including BMI, age, and gender distribution were similar between groups. Preoperative PF scores in the prior cheilectomy group were significantly worse than the primary MTPF group (median 40.5 vs 43.3, p<0.05). Table 1 illustrates the results of Wilcoxon signed rank tests demonstrating changes in scores in each PROMIS domain. There were no significant differences in postoperative PROMIS scores between the primary MTPF and prior cheilectomy groups. Conclusion: Patients undergoing MTPF for treatment of hallux rigidus both with and without a history of cheilectomy had no differences in postoperative outcomes as measured by PROMIS. Patients undergoing cheilectomy can be counseled that if the need to pursue MTPF arises due to arthritis progression or failure of symptom resolution, their postoperative function and pain after the fusion may not be affected by the cheilectomy.
The serum of COVID-19 asymptomatic patients up-regulates proteins related to endothelial dysfunction and viral response in circulating angiogenic cells ex-vivo
Authors: Beltrán-Camacho Lucía , Eslava-Alcón Sara , Rojas-Torres Marta , Sánchez-Morillo Daniel , Martinez-Nicolás Mª Pilar , Martín-Bermejo Victoria , de la Torre Inés García , Berrocoso Esther , Moreno Juan Antonio , Moreno-Luna Rafael , Durán-Ruiz Mª Carmen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has already caused 6 million deaths worldwide. While asymptomatic individuals are responsible of many potential transmissions, the difficulty to identify and isolate them at the high peak of infection constitutes still a real challenge. Moreover, SARS-CoV-2 provokes severe vascular damage and thromboembolic events in critical COVID-19 patients, deriving in many related deaths and long-hauler symptoms. Understanding how these processes are triggered as well as the potential long-term sequelae, even in asymptomatic individuals, becomes essential.MethodsWe have evaluated, by application of a proteomics-based quantitative approach, the effect of serum from COVID-19 asymptomatic individuals over circulating angiogenic cells (CACs).Healthy CACs were incubated ex-vivo with the serum of either COVID-19 negative (PCR −/IgG −, n:8) or COVID-19 positive asymptomatic donors, at different infective stages: PCR +/IgG − (n:8) and PCR −/IgG + (n:8). Also, a label free quantitative approach was applied to identify and quantify protein differences between these serums. Finally, machine learning algorithms were applied to validate the differential protein patterns in CACs.ResultsOur results confirmed that SARS-CoV-2 promotes changes at the protein level in the serum of infected asymptomatic individuals, mainly correlated with altered coagulation and inflammatory processes (Fibrinogen, Von Willebrand Factor, Thrombospondin-1). At the cellular level, proteins like ICAM-1, TLR2 or Ezrin/Radixin were only up-regulated in CACs treated with the serum of asymptomatic patients at the highest peak of infection (PCR + /IgG −), but not with the serum of PCR −/IgG + individuals. Several proteins stood out as significantly discriminating markers in CACs in response to PCR or IgG + serums. Many of these proteins particiArticle title: Kindly check and confirm the edit made in the article title.pate in the initial endothelial response against the virus.ConclusionsThe ex vivo incubation of CACs with the serum of asymptomatic COVID-19 donors at different stages of infection promoted protein changes representative of the endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory response after viral infection, together with activation of the coagulation process. The current approach constitutes an optimal model to study the response of vascular cells to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and an alternative platform to test potential inhibitors targeting either the virus entry pathway or the immune responses following SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Rail Roughness Acceptance Criterion Based on Metro Interior Noise
Authors: Liu Xiaolong , Han Jian , Liu Moukai , Wang Jianuo , Xiao Xinbiao , Wen Zefeng 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSevere rail roughness leads to a series of problems in metro systems, particularly the vehicle noise problem. To ensure a better acoustic environment, rail roughness control is therefore one of the main concerns for the metro operators. But the existing roughness acceptance criteria are not suitable for metro interior noise control. It is an appropriate method to determine the rail roughness limit based on interior noise. A rail roughness acceptance criterion based on metro interior noise is accordingly proposed in this paper. The relationship between rail roughness and interior noise can be derived with wheel-rail noise as link. With this objective, a combined test and simulation method is adopted. A validated wheel-rfigil noise prediction model is thus established to determine the relationship between rail roughness and wheel-rail noise. Moreover, the transfer function of wheel-rail noise to interior noise is developed based on extensive field test. Using this method, the noise sensitivity to roughness wavelength and acceptance criteria at different speeds and track structures are investigated. Finally, an eclectic rail corrugation acceptance criterion on curved track is suggested in consideration of practical application.
A Review of Smart Materials for the Boost of Soft Actuators, Soft Sensors, and Robotics Applications
Authors: Hao Yufei , Zhang Shixin , Fang Bin , Sun Fuchun , Liu Huaping , Li Haiyuan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWith the advance of smart material science, robotics is evolving from rigid robots to soft robots. Compared to rigid robots, soft robots can safely interact with the environment, easily navigate in unstructured fields, and be minimized to operate in narrow spaces, owning to the new actuation and sensing technologies developed by the smart materials. In the review, different actuation and sensing technologies based on different smart materials are analyzed and summarized. According to the driving or feedback signals, actuators are categorized into electrically responsive actuators, thermally responsive actuators, magnetically responsive actuators, and photoresponsive actuators; sensors are categorized into resistive sensors, capacitive sensors, magnetic sensors, and optical waveguide sensors. After introducing the principle and several robotic prototypes of some typical materials in each category of the actuators and sensors. The advantages and disadvantages of the actuators and sensors are compared based on the categories, and their potential applications in robotics are also presented.
Anti-cancer peptide-based therapeutic strategies in solid tumors
Authors: Karami Fath Mohsen , Babakhaniyan Kimiya , Zokaei Maryam , Yaghoubian Azadeh , Akbari Sadaf , Khorsandi Mahdieh , Soofi Asma , Nabi-Afjadi Mohsen , Zalpoor Hamidreza , Jalalifar Fateme , Azargoonjahromi Ali , Payandeh Zahra , Alagheband Bahrami Armina 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Nowadays, conventional medical treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy cannot cure all types of cancer. A promising approach to treat solid tumors is the use of tumor-targeting peptides to deliver drugs or active agents selectively.

Result
Introducing beneficial therapeutic approaches, such as therapeutic peptides and their varied methods of action against tumor cells, can aid researchers in the discovery of novel peptides for cancer treatment. The biomedical applications of therapeutic peptides are highly interesting. These peptides, owing to their high selectivity, specificity, small dimensions, high biocompatibility, and easy modification, provide good opportunities for targeted drug delivery. In recent years, peptides have shown considerable promise as therapeutics or targeting ligands in cancer research and nanotechnology.

Conclusion
This study reviews a variety of therapeutic peptides and targeting ligands in cancer therapy. Initially, three types of tumor-homing and cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are described, and then their applications in breast, glioma, colorectal, and melanoma cancer research are discussed.
Selection of scenarios for landscape-level risk assessment of chemicals: case studies for mammals
Authors: Wang Magnus , Park Su-Yeong , Dietrich Christian , Kleinmann Joachim 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
For landscape-level risk assessments of pesticides, the choice of the scenario is a key question, since it determines the outcome of a risk assessment. Typically, the aim is to select a realistic worst-case scenario. In the present study, landscapes from an area with a high proportion of cereal fields in France were analysed and simulations with population models for wood mouse, common vole, brown hare and European rabbit were conducted to understand if the worst-case character regarding pesticide exposure and population survival can be determined based on landscape features alone. Furthermore, it was analysed which landscape features relate with population survival and the magnitude of effects due to pesticide application. Answers to these question may help to decide whether landscape scenarios can be selected based on expert decision and whether the same scenarios may be used for different species or not.

Results
There were species-specific landscape features relating to long-term population survival. A landscape that is worst-case for one species, was not necessarily worst-case for another. Furthermore, landscapes that were worst-case regarding population survival were often not worst-case regarding the magnitude of effects resulting from pesticide application. We also found that small landscapes were sometimes, but not always worst-case compared to larger landscapes. When small landscapes were worst-case, this was typical because of the artificial borders of the digitised landscape.

Conclusions
Landscape analyses can help to obtain an approximate impression of the worst-case character of a landscape scenario. However, since it was difficult to consistently and reliably do this for single landscapes, it may be advisable to use a set of different landscapes for each risk assessment, which covers the natural variability. Depending on whether population survival shall be ensured or the magnitude of effects due to pesticides, different landscape structure and composition needs to be considered to establish a worst-case landscape scenario.
Functional R2R3-MYB transcription factor NsMYB1, regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis, was relative to the fruit color differentiation in Nitraria sibirica Pall.
Authors: Bao Xuemei , Zong Yuan , Hu Na , Li Shiming , Liu Baolong , Wang Honglun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Nitraria sibirica Pall. is an economic plant with two kinds of fruit color, widely spreads in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. The chemical analysis and pharmacological evaluation had been carried out for several tens of years, the mechanism behind the fruit color differentiation is still unclear.

Results
In this manuscript, the chemical analysis of the extractions showed that the chemical composition of fruit color was anthocyanin, and two kind of Nitraria sibirica Pall. were caused by the content differentiation with the same anthocyanin kinds. Cyanidin-3-[2”-(6′”-coumaroyl)-glucosyl]-glucoside (C3G) was the major anthocyanin. Transcriptome analysis and the qRT-PCR revealed that the structural genes relative to anthocyanin biosynthesis except CHS, F3’5’H and ANS were up-regulated in the peels of BF (Black fruit) compared with the peels of RF (Red fruit), which indicated that transcript factor should be the reason for the expression difference of the structure genes. In the unigenes of the transcript factor MYB and bHLH, relative to anthocyanin, only NsMYB1 (Cluster 8422.10600), was high-expression and up-expression in the peels of BF. NsMYB1 encoded the same length protein with four amino acid differences in the RF and BF, and both contained the intact DNA, HTH-MYB and SANT domains. NsMYB1 was close to the AtMYB114, AtMYB113 and AtPAP1, regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis, in phylogenetic relationship. Both NsMYB1r and NsMYB1b could promote the transcript of the structural genes, and induced the anthocyanin accumulation in all tissues of transgenic tobacco. The insertion of ‘TATA’ in the promoter of NsMYB1r gave one more promoter region, and was the reason for higher transcripts in black fruit possibly.

Conclusions
Cyanidin-3-[2′’-(6′”-coumaroyl)-glucosyl]-glucoside was the major anthocyanin in black fruit of Nitraria sibirica Pall.. NsMYB1 was a functional R2R3-MYB transcription factor, regulated the anthocyanin biosynthesis, and led to the fruit color differentiation in Nitraria sibirica Pall.