bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A survey of clinical physician's perceptions of stigma and advocacy in patients with type 2 diabetes in Kanagawa, Japan
Authors: Matsuzawa Yoko , Azuma Kosuke , Sawa Tasuku , Ono Yoshiaki , Hamada Yoshiro , Matsuba Ikuro , Kanamori Akira 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAims/IntroductionTo investigate the recognition status of stigma/advocacy in patients with type 2 diabetes in clinical practice settings.MethodA questionnaire survey on stigma/advocacy of patients with diabetes was carried out for members of the Kanagawa Physicians Association in July 2021.ResultsThe respondents consisted of 33 (16.6%) physicians specializing in diabetes (the D group) and 166 (83.4%) non‐specialists (the ND group). 100% of the D group and 48.8% of the ND group knew that patients may be prejudiced or discriminated against because of diabetes. In the question of whether they know the terms ‘stigma’ and ‘advocacy’, ‘know’ was 97.0% and 94.0% in the D group, compared with 45.8% and 36.7% in the ND group, respectively. 97.0% of the D group and 19.9% of the ND group know the advocacy activities of the Japanese Diabetes Society (JDS) and the Japan Association for Diabetes Education (JADEC). The specific contents of the stigma were often unknown or never experienced in the ND group. A free description of the strategy for reducing or eliminating stigma was analyzed by text mining. ‘Giving consideration to the patients' feelings’, ‘Commitment to the problem’, and ‘Dialogue’ were frequent, and there was no significant difference between the two groups.ConclusionsThe clinician's understanding of stigma/advocacy associated with having diabetes was insufficient, and activities that alert clinicians to stigma/advocacy, especially those in the ND group, was a theme to be addressed. More awareness‐raising activities for stigma/advocacy will lead to better treatment and a better quality of life for patients with diabetes.
Year‐long effects of COVID‐19 restrictions on glycemic control and body composition in patients with glucose intolerance in Japan: A single‐center retrospective study
Authors: Tsukaguchi Ryo , Murakami Takaaki , Yoshiji Satoshi , Shide Kenichiro , Fujita Yoshihito , Ogura Masahito , Inagaki Nobuya 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTAims/InstructionDuring the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, the lockdowns in Europe raised concerns about negative effects on glycemic control and body composition in patients with diabetes. In Japan, voluntary‐based restrictions were imposed as the declaration of a state of emergency (DSE), whose metabolic consequences have not been fully investigated. We carried out a single‐center retrospective study to evaluate changes in glycemic control and body composition in outpatients with glucose intolerance after the DSE.Materials and MethodsWe enrolled outpatients with glucose intolerance: (i) for whom longitudinal data about body composition were available; (ii) who participated in dietary follow up with nutritionists; and (iii) whose laboratory data included glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels before and after the DSE.ResultsAmong 415 patients, we found no significant changes in HbA1c overall after the DSE. Bodyweight and fat mass increased significantly, whereas skeletal mass decreased significantly. HbA1c changes after the DSE were significantly correlated with changes in bodyweight and fat mass. In 128 patients whose HbA1c levels increased ≥0.3%, changes in bodyweight and fat mass were significantly larger than those in the other 287 patients. With regard to lifestyle changes, increased snacking was likely to worsen glycemic control (odds ratio 1.76, P = 0.036).ConclusionsCOVID‐19 restrictions in Japan had unfavorable metabolic consequences for patients with glucose intolerance, highlighted by increased bodyweight and body fat, and decreased skeletal muscle. In addition, lifestyle changes, such as increased snacking, might worsen glycemic control. Clinical attention and interventions are required to prevent such metabolic changes.
Identification of lncRNA expression profiles in pediatric localized scleroderma
Authors: Gong Yinv , Liu Haimei , Li Guomin , Sun Li 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe role and potential molecular mechanism of inflammatory cells in pediatric localized scleroderma are poorly investigated. In this study, we first investigated the profiling of inflammatory cells in skin samples from pediatric localized scleroderma. Among them, CD4+ T‐cells were up‐regulated. Co‐culture dermal fibroblasts with CD4+ T‐cells promoted fibrosis of fibroblasts. Candidate lncRNAs were further explored by lncRNAs‐seq between the normal skin tissues and pediatric localized scleroderma tissues, and the lncRNAs‐seq between fibroblasts co‐cultured with CD4+ T lymphocytes and control fibroblasts. By comparing the two datasets, we identified eight up‐regulated and three down‐regulated lncRNAs, which were the potential lncRNAs for the phenotype of pediatric localized scleroderma. Here, we identified the CD4+ T‐cells infiltration in pediatric localized scleroderma and potential lncRNAs for the treatment of pediatric localized scleroderma.
The association of three doses of theBNT162b2 mRNAvaccine with abnormal bleeding and an irregular menstrual cycle among premenopausal females: A single institute observation study
Authors: Namiki Takahiro , Komine‐Aizawa Shihoko , Takada Kazuhide , Takano Chika , Trinh Quang Duy , Hayakawa Satoshi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID‐19 vaccine is effective in preventing severe cases of COVID‐19. For women, gynecological adverse events, such as menstrual irregularities and irregular bleeding, could be a concern after COVID‐19 vaccination. In this study, we investigated gynecological adverse events in the vaccinated Japanese female population.MethodsWe conducted a survey‐based study with health‐care workers, including medical doctors and nurses, medical coworkers, and medical university faculty, staff, and students, at a single medical school and affiliated hospital in Japan. We used McNemar's test and network analysis.ResultsOverall, we obtained 819 responses, and 424 were from females. After the exclusion of contradictory answers, 309 surveys were finally considered appropriate for the analysis. The frequencies of abnormal bleeding were 0.6%, 1.0%, and 3.0% for the first, second, and third doses, respectively. An irregular menstrual cycle was more common than abnormal bleeding: 1.9%, 4.9%, and 6.6% for the first, second, and third doses, respectively. Network analysis revealed that abnormal bleeding and an irregular menstrual cycle were not associated with other adverse reactions.ConclusionThe present study showed that the effects of COVID‐19 vaccination on menstruation seem limited.
The trueness of scans using one intraoral scanner in different partially edentulous conditions
Authors: Majeed‐Saidan Ahmad , Dutra Vinicius , Levon John A. , Chu Tien‐Min G. , Morton Dean , Alfaraj Amal , Lin Wei‐Shao 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the trueness of intraoral scanning in 8 commonly seen partially edentulous conditions.Materials and methodsA maxillary dentoform was modified into the 8 commonly seen partially edentulous conditions. Each modification was scanned with a laboratory desktop scanner. Each modification was then scanned 10 times (n = 10) with an intraoral scanner. All scans were exported as STL files and then imported into a surface matching software using the best‐fit alignment method. The dimensional differences between the study STL files from the intraoral scanner were compared to the corresponding reference STL files. The measurements were calculated as the root mean square (RMS) and defined as the trueness of the intraoral scans. In addition to the RMS values, qualitative assessments were completed on the color maps. The color maps produced by the surface matching software were used to visualize the areas of deviation between scans from the intraoral scanner and their corresponding reference files. One‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by pair‐wise comparisons using Fisher's Protected Least Significant Difference were utilized to compare the differences between the groups in RMS values (α = 0.05).ResultsPartially edentulous condition significantly affected the trueness of the intraoral scans. Group 8 (Class IV) had significantly lower RMS (0.1878 ± 0.0455 mm) than all other groups (p < 0.001). Group 2 (Class II) and Group 7 (Class III modification I) are not significantly different from each other (Group 2: 0.5758 ± 0.0300 mm; Group 7: 0.5602 ± 0.0231 mm, p = 0.571), while they both had significantly higher RMS than all other groups (p < 0.001). The remaining groups showed the RMS values were within the range of 0.3001 ± 0.0891 mm (Group 6 – Class III with Long Edentulous Span) and 0.4541 ± 0.1039 mm (Group 1 – Class I).ConclusionDifferent partially edentulous conditions affected the trueness of the scans generated from the selected intraoral scanner. Class IV edentulous condition had the highest intraoral scan trueness. It is unknown if RMS values are clinically significant, and the validity of using intraoral scans directly for PRDP fabrication will need further studies.
Staff knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding glycaemic management in adult intensive care units: A national survey
Authors: Huang Miao , Yang Ruiqi , Zhang Chuanlai , Gan Xiuni 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundHyperglycaemia is common in critically ill adult patients. Many studies have identified the content, methods, and effects of glycaemic control but have not explored the effects of knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) on glycaemic control in critically ill adults. Various factors also influence the KAP of intensive care unit (ICU) staff.AimsTo assess KAP regarding glucose management for critically ill adults among nurses and medical professionals and identify the factors that influence their KAP in ICUs.MethodsA multicentre cross‐sectional survey.ResultsIn total, 403/459 (response rate: 87.8%) participants from ICUs in nine tertiary hospitals in China participated in this study, 82.4% of whom were female and 93.4% of whom were nurses. The mean work experience was 8.88 years, and the mean critical care experience was 6.59 years. The scoring rate for the three dimensions of knowledge, attitudes, and practices were 82.35%, 87.69%, and 76%, respectively. We did not find any other factors affecting the KAP scores except for the level of knowledge awareness (p < 0.001), awareness of the importance (p < 0.001), and training for glucose control (p = 0.004).ConclusionICU staff KAP regarding glycaemic control in critically ill adults among ICU professionals were acceptable in China. However, ICU professionals' current knowledge regarding nutrition, glucose variability, and skills related to glucose management could be improved.Relevance to Clinical PracticeICU educators should provide more skills‐related training for healthcare professionals in the glycaemic management of critically ill adults. Moreover, the process of managing blood glucose in adult ICU patients is a collaborative, multidisciplinary team effort, with monitoring and feedback required during implementation.
Do variants in the coding regions of FOXP2, a gene implicated in speech disorder, confer a risk for congenital amusia?
Authors: Peretz Isabelle , Ross Jay , Bourassa Cynthia V. , Perreault Louis‐Philippe Lemieux , Dion Patrick A. , Weiss Michael W. , Felezeu Mihaela , Rouleau Guy A. , Dubé Marie‐Pierre 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCongenital amusia is a lifelong disorder that compromises the normal development of musical abilities in 1.5–4% of the general population. There is a substantial genetic contribution to congenital amusia, and it bears similarities to neurodevelopmental disorders of language. Here, we examine the extent to which variants in the forkhead box P2 gene (FOXP2)—the first gene to be identified as causal in developmental speech deficits—are associated with the amusic trait. Using a cohort of 49 individuals with amusia, of which 27 were unrelated, the role of FOXP2 variants in amusia was evaluated. Fourteen variants were examined in the cohort. None segregated with the amusic trait among participants for whom family information was available; nor were they predicted to be deleterious to protein function. Thus, variants in FOXP2 are not likely to cause amusia. Implications for ongoing debates about the distinction between musicality and language are discussed.
Posterior Decompression and Fusion with Vertical Pressure Procedure in the Treatment of Multilevel Cervical OPLL with Kyphotic Deformity
Authors: Li Cheng , Mei Yunli , Li Lei , Li Zeqing , Huang Shuai 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveTo report the outcomes and feasibility of a new technique to change K‐line (−) to K‐line (+) via only a posterior approach to treat multilevel non‐continuous cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (C‐OPLL) with kyphotic deformity.MethodsIn this study, 17 consecutive cases of patients who underwent vertical pressure procedure (VP) combined with posterior cervical single‐open‐door laminoplasty and instrumented fusion from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2019 were enrolled. The following radiographic parameters: C2‐C7 Cobb angle, local Cobb angle, extent of OPLL, and the distance from OPLL to the K‐line(DK) were measured and analyzed. Clinically, the JOA score, VAS‐N and VAS‐A, NDI, and complications were collected from medical records to evaluate the clinical outcomes.ResultsAll 17 cases shifted from K‐line (−) to K‐line (+).Comparing the preoperative images to the final follow‐up images, the mean C2‐7 Cobb angle changed from −6.94° ± 8.30° to 8.18° ± 4.43°, and the local Cobb angle altered from −9.12° ± 8.68° to 6.65° ± 6.11°. The mean DK increased from −2.64 ± 1.52 mm to 3.09 ± 2.19 mm. One patient showed C5 palsy and recovered within 3 months. The mean JOA score increased from 8.88 ± 2.11 to 14.71 ± 1.36. The average NDI decreased from 20.65 ± 7.80 to 8.94 ± 4.93. The mean VAS‐N and VAS‐A decreased from 3.44 ± 1.80 and 4.69 ± 1.97 to 1.25 ± 0.86 and 1.38 ± 1.16. All patients were followed up for at least 1 year.ConclusionA new technique added to posterior decompression and fusion (PDF), the vertical pressure procedure effectively corrects K‐line (−) to K‐line (+) and avoids the shortcomings of conventional anterior decompression and fusion (ADF) as well as PDF to provide a relatively safe and adequate decompression, cervical realignment. It pronounced satisfactory clinical outcome for extensive non‐continuous OPLL with kyphotic deformity even though OPLL remains ventral to the spinal cord.
Angled Ultrasonic Bone Curette‐Assisted Circumferential Decompression for Thoracic Myelopathy Caused by Severely Anterior Ossification
Authors: Li Cheng , Li Zeqing , Li Lei , Mei Yunli , Huang Shuai 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveThoracic myelopathy caused by severe anterior ossification is often progressive and fails to respond to conservative treatment. Removal of the compressing ossification is the most effective method but is hard to operate. In this study, we describe a novel one‐stage posterior circumferential decompressive procedure assisted by an angled ultrasonic bone curette (UBC) for thoracic myelopathy caused by severe anterior ossification and evaluate its safety and efficacy.MethodsThe current study enrolled 15 consecutive patients (five men and 10 women) with thoracic myelopathy caused by severely anterior ossification between January 2017 and December 2019. All patients underwent posterior circumferential decompression assisted by angled UBC and segmental instrumentation with interbody fusion. At the time of surgery, the average age was 58.6 ± 6.3 years (47–70 years). Before and after surgery, the patient data, clinical manifestation, operative levels, blood loss, operative time, perioperative complications, Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score were recorded and analyzed retrospectively.ResultsAll patients had successful one‐stage posterior circumferential decompression to remove anterior ossifications directly. There were 12 cases of OPLL, two cases of a calcified giant herniated disc, and one case of osteophyte. The average operation time was 153.4 ± 53.4 min (77–242 min), with a mean blood loss of 463.5 ± 155.8 mL (240–780 mL). The average length of stay in the hospital was 14.3 ± 4.7 days (9–25 days) and the mean follow‐up duration was 20.8 ± 8.8 months (12–39 months). Almost all patients had subjective improvement in motor power and gait. The average preoperative JOA score was 4.5 ± 1.6, which improved to 9.0 ± 1.8 at the final follow‐up. Postoperative differences in the overall JOA scores showed significant improvement (F = 105.446, p < 0.01). The overall recovery rate at the final examination scored 70.9% ± 25.0%. According to Hirabayashi's classification, eight cases were rated as excellent, four as good, two as fair, and one as unchanged. No patient was graded as deteriorated. Two patients (13.3%) experienced intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage, while two cases (13.3%) experienced unilateral intercostal neuralgia, and only one (6.7%) encountered acute neurological deterioration. All these patients were treated conservatively and their neurological function improved significantly. At the follow‐up, there was no evidence of neurological deterioration.ConclusionCircumferential decompression assisted by angled UBC can preserve more posterior elements of the involved levels, maintaining an intact pleura and reducing the operation time and blood loss for thoracic myelopathy caused by severe anterior ossification. It is a safe, effective, and technically feasible method to provide surgeons with a new option for thoracic spinal circumferential decompression.
Borderline Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: A Risk Factor Predicting the Development and Poor Prognosis after Core Decompression for Idiopathic Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head
Authors: Huang Kai , Zhang Qing‐Yi , He Hui‐Yu , Gao Chen‐Xiang , Wang Gang , Yang Jing , Xie Hui‐Qi , Zeng Yi 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveIt is unclear whether idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is associated with borderline developmental dysplasia of the hip (BDDH). This study aimed to compare the incidence of BDDH between patients with idiopathic ONFH and matched control subjects and determine the influence of BDDH on poor prognosis after core decompression (CD).MethodsWe retrospectively examined 78 consecutive patients (111 hips) with idiopathic ONFH undergoing CD and 1:2 matched with 156 control subjects (222 hips). The anteroposterior pelvic radiographs were used to measure the acetabular anatomical parameters and divide included subjects into BDDH or non‐BDDH group. The incidence of BDDH and acetabular anatomical parameters were compared between patients with idiopathic ONFH and matched controls. Clinical outcomes, such as Harris Hip Score (HHS), progression of collapse, and conversion to total hip arthroplasty (THA), were compared between patients with BDDH and without BDDH in the idiopathic ONFH group, with a mean follow‐up of 72.1 ± 36.6 months.ResultsPatients with idiopathic ONFH had a significantly higher incidence of BDDH than matched controls (29.7% vs 12.2%, p < 0.001). Less acetabular coverage was also found in patients with idiopathic ONFH than in matched controls as demonstrated by lower CEA (28.5° ± 4.7° vs 33.1° ± 5.7°, p < 0.001), AHI (82.4 ± 5.0 vs 86.3 ± 5.4, p < 0.001), ADR (299.6 ± 28.4 vs 318.8 ± 31.3, p < 0.001), and a higher sharp angle (40.0° ± 3.4° vs 37.4° ± 3.7°, p < 0.001). In patients with idiopathic ONFH, the BDDH group had a significantly lower mean HHS at the last follow‐up (83.5 ± 17.4 vs 91.6 ± 9.7, p = 0.015) with a different score distribution (p = 0.004), and a lower 5‐year survival rate with both clinical failure (66.7%, 95% CI 52.4%–84.9% vs 83.7%, 95% CI 75.2%–93.1%; p = 0.028) and conversion to THA (74.6%, 95% CI 60.7%–91.6% vs 92.1%, 95% CI 85.6%–99.0%; p = 0.008) as the endpoints than the non‐BDDH group.ConclusionThe incidence of BDDH was significantly higher in patients with idiopathic ONFH than matched controls, and idiopathic ONFH patients who underwent CD with BDDH had lower mean HHS as well as 5‐year survival rate than those without BDDH. Therefore, BDDH should be considered a risk factor predicting the development of idiopathic ONFH as well as poor prognosis after CD.
SARS‐CoV‐2 spike trimer vaccine expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana adjuvanted with Alum elicits protective immune responses in mice
Authors: Song Shi‐Jian , Kim Heeyeon , Jang Eun Young , Jeon Hyungmin , Diao Hai‐Ping , Khan Md Rezaul Islam , Lee Mi‐Seon , Lee Young Jae , Nam Jeong‐hyun , Kim Seong‐Ryeol , Kim Young‐Jin , Sohn Eun‐Ju , Hwang Inhwan , Choi Jang‐Hoon 
Published: August 2022

SummaryThe ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has spurred rapid development of vaccines as part of the public health response. However, the general strategy used to construct recombinant trimeric severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) spike (S) proteins in mammalian cells is not completely adaptive to molecular farming. Therefore, we generated several constructs of recombinant S proteins for high expression in Nicotiana benthamiana. Intramuscular injection of N. benthamiana‐expressed Sct vaccine (NSctVac) into Balb/c mice elicited both humoral and cellular immune responses, and booster doses increased neutralizing antibody titres. In human angiotensin‐converting enzyme knock‐in mice, two doses of NSctVac induced anti‐S and neutralizing antibodies, which cross‐neutralized Alpha, Beta, Delta and Omicron variants. Survival rates after lethal challenge with SARS‐CoV‐2 were up to 80%, without significant body weight loss, and viral titres in lung tissue fell rapidly, with no infectious virus detectable at 7‐day post‐infection. Thus, plant‐derived NSctVac could be a candidate COVID‐19 vaccine.
Preemptive liver transplant in two patients with primary hyperoxaluria type 1: Clinical significance of nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis
Authors: Uchida Hajime , Sakamoto Seisuke , Kodama Tasuku , Nakao Toshimasa , Yanagi Yusuke , Shimizu Seiichi , Fukuda Akinari , Sato Mai , Kamei Koichi , Kasahara Mureo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough nephrolithiasis (NL) and nephrocalcinosis (NC) are very common features of primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1), the long‐term prognosis of NL and NC after preemptive liver transplantation (PLT) has not been elucidated.Material and MethodsWe describe the cases of two chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage three patients with different clinical courses after PLT for PH1.ResultsThe first patient underwent PLT at 7 years of age with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 47.8 ml/min/1.73 m2. Two years later, she experienced several episodes of obstructive pyelonephritis due to urolithiasis, and developed septic shock in one of these episodes. At the same time as these episodes, preexisting NL and NC progressively improved, with disappearance on X‐ray disappeared at 8 years after transplantation. Her renal function has been maintained with an eGFR of 58.7 ml/min/1.73 m2. The second patient received PLT at 10 years of age with an eGFR of 58.9 ml/min/1.73 m2. Her renal function has been maintained with an eGFR of 65.9 ml/min/1.73 m2. She had repeated urolithiasis which started to appear at 3 years after LT. The radiological findings still show bilateral NL and NC, but the stones in the renal pelvis have shown mild improvement.ConclusionsRegardless of the regression in NC seen on X‐ray, long‐term maintenance of the renal function in patients with PH1 with CKD stage 3 can be achieved with PLT. In patients with NL, there is a risk of serious complications due to posttransplant immunosuppressive therapy when obstructive pyelonephritis occurs after LT.