bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Text messaging interventions to support smoking cessation among hospitalized patients in Brazil: a randomized comparative effectiveness clinical trial
Authors: do Amaral Lígia Menezes , Ronzani Telmo Mota , Cruvinel Erica , Richter Kimber , Oliveira Andrade Rafaela de , Lanzieri Isabella Oliveira , de Macêdo Ângela Caroline Dias Albino Destro , Leite Isabel Cristina Gonçalves 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective
A clinical trial carried out in patients hospitalized for clinical and surgical conditions. This study evaluated the effectiveness of text messaging interventions (TM) versus telephone counseling (TC) to promote smoking cessation among hospitalized smokers in a middle-income country. Seven-day abstinence was measured during follow-up phone calls one month after discharge. The comparative cost of the two interventions considered the cost of calls, time spent on phone calls and sending SMS and cost of the professional involved in the approaches.

Results
Past 7-day tobacco abstinence was not statistically different between groups (30.5% in TM group and 26% in TC, p = 0.318). Costs were significantly lower in the TM group (U$9.28 × U$19.45- p < 0,001). Continuous abstinence was reported by 26% of TM participants and 24.5% of TC participants (p = 0.730). In the 3-month follow-up, 7-day abstinence was 23% in the TMI and 27% in the TC (p = 0.356) group. Continuous abstinence was reported by 20% of TM participants and 24% of TC participants (p = 0.334).
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03237949 Registred on: 30th May 2017.
An Africa point of view on quality and safety in imaging
Authors: Kawooya Michael G. , Kisembo Harriet Nalubega , Remedios Denis , Malumba Richard , del Rosario Perez Maria , Ige Taofeeq , Hasford Francis , Brown Joanna Kasznia , Lette Miriam Mikhail , Mansouri Boudjema , Salama Dina H. , Peer Fozy , Nyabanda Rose 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAfrica has seen an upsurge in diagnostic imaging utilization, with benefits of efficient and accurate diagnosis, but these could easily be offset by undesirable effects attributed to unjustified, unoptimized imaging and poor quality examinations. This paper aims to present Africa’s position regarding quality and safety in imaging, give reasons for the rising interest in quality and safety, define quality and safety from an African context, list drivers for quality and safety in Africa, discuss the impact of COVID-19 on quality and safety, and review Africa’s progress using the Bonn Call for Action framework while proposing a way forward for imaging quality and safety in Africa. In spite of a healthcare setting characterized by meagre financial, human and technology resources, a rapidly widening disease-burden spectrum, growing proportion of non-communicable diseases and resurgence of tropical and global infections, Africa has over the last ten years made significant strides in quality and safety for imaging. These include raising radiation-safety awareness, interest and application of evidence-based radiation safety recommendations and guidance tools, establishing facility and national diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) and strengthening end-user education and training. Major challenges are: limited human resource, low prioritization of imaging in relation to other health services, low level of integration of imaging into the entire health service delivery, insufficient awareness for radiation safety awareness, a radiation safety culture which is emerging, insufficient facilities and opportunities for education and training. Solutions to these challenges should target the entire hierarchy of health service delivery from prioritization, policy, planning, processes to procedures.
Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis induced by sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor in the setting of prolonged fasting: a case report
Authors: Alkatheeri Abrar , Alseddeeqi Eiman 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
We describe a case report of a patient with type 2 diabetes on sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor and metformin therapy fasting for Ramadan (a holy month observed in the Islamic nation) diagnosed with euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis.

Case presentation
The patient was a 51-year-old Moroccan male with history of type 2 diabetes mellitus on dapagliflozin and metformin. He presented with abdominal pain, vomiting, loss of appetite, and shortness of breath. He observed Ramadan month by fasting an average of 14 hours daily for 30 days. The patient was admitted with severe metabolic acidosis with a high anion gap and positive ketonuria in the setting of serum glucose of 13.5 mmol/L (243 mg/dL).
The patient was rehydrated and started on insulin infusion according to the diabetic ketoacidosis protocol following the diagnosis of euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis.

Conclusion
Dapagliflozin is associated with euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis in the setting of prolonged fasting. Counseling and possible medication adjustment should be added to clinical practice in those planning to decrease caloric intake through dedicated fasting including Ramadan or weight-loss-directed behavioral modifications, especially if taking sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors.
A noninteger order SEITR dynamical model for TB
Authors: Panchal Jitendra , Acharya Falguni , Joshi Kanan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis research paper designs the noninteger order SEITR dynamical model in the Caputo sense for tuberculosis. The authors of the article have classified the infection compartment into four different compartments such as newly infected unrecognized individuals, diagnosed patients, highly infected patients, and patients with delays in treatment which provide better detail of the TB infection dynamic. We estimate the model parameters using the least square curve fitting and demonstrate that the proposed model provides a good fit to tuberculosis confirmed cases of India from the year 2000 to 2020. Further, we compute the basic reproduction number as$\Re _{0} \approx 1.73$ℜ0≈1.73of the model using the next-generation matrix method and the model equilibria. The existence and uniqueness of the approximate solution for the SEITR model is validated using the generalized Adams–Bashforth–Moulton method. The graphical representation of the fractional order model is given to validate the result using the numerical simulation. We conclude that the fractional order model is more realistic than the classical integer order model and provide more detailed information about the real data of the TB disease dynamics.
Antimicrobial stewardship in high-risk febrile neutropenia patients
Authors: Contejean Adrien , Abbara Salam , Chentouh Ryme , Alviset Sophie , Grignano Eric , Gastli Nabil , Casetta Anne , Willems Lise , Canouï Etienne , Charlier Caroline , Pène Frédéric , Charpentier Julien , Reboul-Marty Jeanne , Batista Rui , Bouscary Didier , Kernéis Solen 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The 2011 4th European Conference on Infections in Leukemia (ECIL4) guidelines recommend antibiotics de-escalation/discontinuation in selected febrile neutropenia (FN) patients. We aimed to assess the impact of an antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) program based on these guidelines on antibiotics use and clinical outcomes in high-risk FN patients.

Methods
We conducted an observational study in the hematology department of Cochin University Hospital in Paris, France. An ECIL4-based antibiotics de-escalation and discontinuation strategy was implemented jointly by the hematologists and the AMS team. The pre-intervention (January–October 2018) and post-intervention (January-October 2019) periods were compared. We retrospectively collected clinical and microbiological data. We compiled antibiotics consumptions via hospital pharmacy data and standardized them by calculating defined daily doses per 1000 patient-days. We analyzed the two-monthly antibiotic consumption using an interrupted time series method and built a composite endpoint for clinical outcomes based on transfer to the intensive care unit (ICU) and/or hospital death.

Results
Overall, 273 hospital stays (164 patients) in the pre-intervention and 217 (148 patients) in the post-intervention periods were analyzed. Patients were mainly hospitalized for intensive chemotherapy for acute leukemia or autologous stem-cell transplant for myeloma. Patients were slightly younger in the pre-intervention compared to the post-intervention period (median age 60.4 vs 65.2 years, p = 0.049), but otherwise comparable. After implementation of the AMS program, glycopeptide and carbapenem use decreased by 85% (p = 0.03) and 72% (p = 0.04), respectively. After adjustment on confounders, the risk of transfer to the ICU/death decreased significantly after implementation of the AMS program (post-intervention period: odds-ratio = 0.29, 95% Confidence Interval: 0.15–0.53, p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Implementation of a multidisciplinary AMS program for high-risk neutropenic patients was associated with lower carbapenem and glycopeptide use and improved clinical outcomes.
The Effect of Rebar Embedment and CFRP Confinement on the Compressive Strength of Low-Strength Concrete
Authors: Hashemi Nima , Hassanpour Sina , Vatani Oskoei Asghar 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLow-strength concrete (LSC) elements are prone to several seismic and static loads and are one of the priorities to be considered for FRP strengthening. However, certain provisions should be taken into account according to provisions, as elements with considerably low compressive strength are not eligible for FRP confinement. This experimental study investigates (1) the effect of rebar planting on increasing the initial compressive strength of LSC to achieve allowable compressive strength for FRP strengthening, and (2) the effect of CFRP confinement on increasing the strength of rebar-embedded specimens and determining the most effective factor for strength improvement. For this purpose, 38 standard concrete cylinders were tested under compressive load. The variables of this study were rebar length and diameter, the compressive strength of concrete, and the number of CFRP sheets. Two initial compressive strengths below the designated compressive strength of 17 MPa (12.5 and 14.5 MPa) were selected. After determining rebar-reinforced specimens with compressive strength of more than 17 MPa, CFRP confinement and compressive tests of these cylinders were utilized. A statistical single-factor ANOVA analysis is performed to determine the most effective variable for ultimate strength and strain, individually. In the end, available models in the literature were utilized to predict experimental data. The results indicated the effectiveness of rebar planting for strength enhancement up to 53%, also showing that specimens with initial compressive strength of 14.77 MPa were suitable for CFRP confinement after rebar planting. The experimental and statistical ANOVA results demonstrated the CFRP confinement and its interaction with rebar embedment as the most effective factors with respect to increasing the load-bearing capacity of LSC concrete.
Personality as a mediator of autistic traits and internalizing symptoms in two community samples
Authors: Grella Olivia N. , Dunlap Amanda , Nicholson Alycia M. , Stevens Kimberly , Pittman Brian , Corbera Silvia , Diefenbach Gretchen , Pearlson Godfrey , Assaf Michal 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by deficits in social functioning and is comorbid with internalizing disorders and symptoms. While personality is associated with these symptoms and social functioning in non-ASD samples, its role mediating the relationship between ASD traits and internalizing symptoms is not clear.

Methods
We studied the mediating effect of personality on the correlations between ASD traits and internalizing symptoms (i.e., depression, anxiety, stress) in two samples. Additionally, we explored the moderating effect of gender. Analyses were applied to a small (Study 1; N = 101) undergraduate sample. A broader sample recruited via an online crowdsourcing platform (Study 2; N = 371) was used to validate the results.

Results
Study 1’s mediation analyses revealed that neuroticism was the only significant mediator. Study 2 replicated these results by finding extraversion to be an additional mediator for anxiety and extraversion, openness, and agreeableness as additional mediators for stress. Moderation analyses revealed that gender was never a significant moderator.

Conclusions
These results support the effects of personality on the relationship between autism traits and internalizing symptoms. Future research should explore these effects in clinical samples to better understand the role of personality in symptomatology and the need to address it as part of intervention.
A comparison of healing and complication rates between common flaps utilized in total knee arthroplasty: a review of the literature
Authors: Chandra Akhil A. , Romanelli Filippo , Tang Alex , Menken Luke , Zhang Maximilian , Feintisch Adam , Liporace Frank A. , Yoon Richard S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Flap reconstruction with perforator, fasciocutaneous, muscular, and/or free microvascular flaps is utilized to cover wound defects and improve vascularization and antibiotic/nutrient delivery. Flap use in revision procedures for total knee arthroplasty has been explored previously; however, current data are limited and studies comparing healing and complication rates between different flap types are lacking.

Methods
A literature review was performed using PubMed on 13 January 2022. Studies were included if they reported healing and complication rates for either gastrocnemius, rectus abdominis, latissimus dorsi, fasciocutaneous, chimeric, or gracilis flaps in the setting of revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Results
The final cohort included gastrocnemius (n = 421, healing rate 73.8%, complication rate 59.9%), gracilis (n = 9, healing rate 93%, complication rate 55.6%), latissimus dorsi (n = 41, healing rate 67%, complication rate 46.3%), rectus abdominis (n = 3, healing rate 100%, complication rate 0%), fasciocutaneous (n = 78, healing rate 70%, complication rate 19.2%), and chimeric flaps (n = 4, healing rate 100%, complication rate 25%). There was no significant difference when comparing healing rates across flap types (p = 0.39). There was a significant difference when comparing complication rates across flap types (p < 0.0001), with a significant difference being noted between gastrocnemius and fasciocutaneous complication rates (p < 0.0001). All other comparisons between flap types by complication rate were not significantly different.

Conclusions
Gastrocnemius flaps are the workhorse flap in the setting of revision TKA, as evidenced by this review. Healing rates did not vary significantly across flap types, which suggests that determining the appropriate flap for coverage of soft-tissue defects in revision TKA should be driven by defect size and location as well as physician experience and patient tolerance.
Combined effects of pioglitazone and doxorubicin on migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells
Authors: Malakouti Parisa , Mohammadi Mobin , Boshagh Mohammad Amin , Amini Abbasali , Rezaee Mohammad Ali , Rahmani Mohammad Reza 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Despite antitumor properties, chemotherapy medication can create conditions in tumor cells that work in favor of the tumor. Doxorubicin, commonly prescribed chemotherapy agents, can increase the risk of migration and invasion of tumor cells through overexpression of the CXCR4 gene by affecting downstream signaling pathways. The regulatory role of CXCR7 on CXCR4 function has been demonstrated. Therefore, it is hypothesized that combining doxorubicin with another anticancer drug could be a promising approach.

Methods
In this research, we evaluated the anti-invasive property of pioglitazone along with antitumor effects of doxorubicin on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines.

Results
There was no significant difference between two treatment groups in neither the expression nor changes in the expression of CXCR7 and CXCR4 genes (P < 0.05). Pioglitazone-doxorubicin combination reduced cell migration in tumor cells to a significantly higher extent compared to doxorubicin alone (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Co-administration of pioglitazone and doxorubicin might reduce cell migration in breast cancer tumor cells, and that cell migration function is independent of some specific proteins.
Built heritage and planning laws in Africa: the Nigerian Experience
Authors: Adewumi Afolasade 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBuilt heritage has been and is being threatened by natural and man-made factors such as urbanisation, climate change, civil unrest, and activities of extractive industries among others. These factors have led to the destruction of built heritage culminating in a gap in the cultural history and identity of the people. Over the years, in every country, there have been different regimes that have regulated the preservation and sustainability of built heritage sites, ranging from the traditional pre-colonial era, the colonial era and the post-colonial era. This article from the perspective of law and history, examines the trajectory of the heritage management systems over the years in Nigeria to identify necessary areas of improvements that are needed to adequately manage and protect built heritage against the identified endangering factor of urban development. From its comprehensive analysis, this paper argues that in-order to adequately manage built heritage, it is important to adopt a holistic approach that will require the harmonisation of the various heritage management systems while taking steps to document indigenous conservation methods. On the other hand, harmonisation of all heritage laws with town planning laws is essential for sustainability.
Observation and a simple model of plumose pattern on fracture surfaces of drying pastes
Authors: Sakaguchi Hidetsugu , Yamada Kazuki , Shimokawa Michiko 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Plumose pattern often appears on the fracture surface of drying pastes. We show a few experimental results of the crack propagation in the drying pastes. We find that the crack propagation sometimes exhibits jump motions. We have also performed an experiment of the crack propagation in a tilted container where the crack propagates from the deeper to shallower sides. This experimental result suggests the importance of the movement of water content. We propose a simple coupled map lattice model. In the numerical simulation, a plumose-like pattern appears owing to the instability of the flat surface of the fracture. The numerical simulation reproduces the jump motions in the crack propagation. We have performed another experiment where a vertical streak pattern appears when the crack propagates downward by cutting into the top surface of the drying paste.
Spine Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer Metastases and the Impact of Hormone Sensitivity Status on Local Control
Authors: Abugharib Ahmed , Zeng K. Liang , Tseng Chia-Lin , Soliman Hany , Myrehaug Sten , Husain Zain , Maralani Pejman Jabehdar , Larouche Jeremie , Cheung Patrick , Emmenegger Urban , Atenafu Eshetu G. , Sahgal Arjun , Detsky Jay S. 
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND:
Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is used to deliver ablative dose of radiation to spinal metastases.

OBJECTIVE:
To report the first dedicated series of spine SBRT specific to prostate cancer (PCa) metastases with outcomes reported according to hormone sensitivity status.

METHODS:
A prospective database was reviewed identifying patients with PCa treated with spine SBRT. This included those with hormone-sensitive PCa (HSPC) and castrate-resistant PCa (CRPC). The primary end point was MRI-based local control (LC).

RESULTS:
A total of 183 spine segments in 93 patients were identified; 146 segments had no prior radiation and 37 had been previously radiated; 27 segments were postoperative. The median follow-up was 31 months. At the time of SBRT, 50 patients had HSPC and the remaining 43 had CRPC. The most common fractionation scheme was 24-28 Gy in 2 SBRT fractions (76%). LC rates at 1 and 2 years were 99% and 95% and 94% and 78% for the HSPC and CRPC cohorts, respectively. For patients treated with de novo SBRT, a higher risk of local failure was observed in patients with CRPC (P = .0425). The 1-year and 2-year overall survival rates were significantly longer at 98% and 95% in the HSPC cohort compared with 79% and 65% in the CRPC cohort (P = .0005). The cumulative risk of vertebral compression fracture at 2 years was 10%.

CONCLUSION:
Favorable LC rates were observed after spine SBRT for PCa metastases; strategies to improve long-term LC in patients with CRPC require further investigation.
Dysregulated mitochondrial metabolism upon cigarette smoke exposure in various human bronchial epithelial cell models
Authors: Tulen Christy B. M. , Wang Ying , Beentjes Daan , Jessen Phyllis J. J. , Ninaber Dennis K. , Reynaert Niki L. , van Schooten Frederik-Jan , Opperhuizen Antoon , Hiemstra Pieter S. , Remels Alexander H. V. 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) is the primary risk factor for developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The impact of CS exposure on the molecular mechanisms involved in mitochondrial quality control in airway epithelial cells is incompletely understood. Undifferentiated or differentiated primary bronchial epithelial cells were acutely/chronically exposed to whole CS (WCS) or CS extract (CSE) in submerged or air–liquid interface conditions. Abundance of key regulators controlling mitochondrial biogenesis, mitophagy and mitochondrial dynamics was assessed. Acute exposure to WCS or CSE increased the abundance of components of autophagy and receptor-mediated mitophagy in all models. Although mitochondrial content and dynamics appeared to be unaltered in response to CS, changes in both the molecular control of mitochondrial biogenesis and a shift toward an increased glycolytic metabolism were observed in particular in differentiated cultures. These alterations persisted, at least in part, after chronic exposure to WCS during differentiation and upon subsequent discontinuation of WCS exposure. In conclusion, smoke exposure alters the regulation of mitochondrial metabolism in airway epithelial cells, but observed alterations may differ between various culture models used.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the joint first authors of the paper.