bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oxygen‐Insensitive Peroxide Reduction Catalysts for Reliable Electrochemical Bioassays
Authors: Ding Zhenyao , Wang Dandan , Chen Liping , Zhou Hang , Zhang Xiqi , Feng Xinjian , Jiang Lei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCoupling the oxidase enzymatic and H2O2 cathodic reactions is an ideal approach for accurate bioassays development because it naturally avoids most endogenous/exogenous electroactive interferents in biofluids. However, the accompanying oxygen cathodic reaction at the surface of commonly used stable catalysts compromises the bioassay accuracy, thus limiting practical application of this detection principle. Here, highly active oxygen‐insensitive electrocatalysts for H2O2 reduction by modifying noble metals (Pt, Au) with an ultra‐thin tin oxide layer that can selectively block the diffusion of oxygen from the electrolyte to the noble metal surface, are reported. This empowers the electrocatalysts with enhanced resistance to current interference from oxygen reduction reaction, thus enabling highly selective sensing of sarcosine, a model analyte (a biomarker for prostate cancer), in the presence of various electroactive interferences. This work highlights the importance of H2O2 cathodic reactions in accurate biomarker detection and their advanced applications in life science, including developing reliable biomarker assays.
Fabrication of SiNx Nanopore Filters Using Combined Process of Nanoimprint and Dual‐Side Aligned Photolithography for Purified Cs3MnBr5 Green Phosphors
Authors: Kim Hyeng Jin , Ko Minji , Park Sangwook , Lee Keyong Nam , Yoo Gang Yeol , Nam Sangwon , Song Jae Kyu , Do Young Rag 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA combined process of nanoimprint lithography and dual‐side aligned photolithography to address misalignment of subsequent layers for the fabrication of SiNx nanoporous membrane filters (SiNx nanofilter) is suggested. Here, in one process, 21 SiNx nanofilter chips are fabricated on a 6 inch Si wafer by aligning nanopore area of nanofilter and template area of nanofilter chip. An SiNx nanofilter chip‐integrated fluidic device is used to test the purification ability of the nanofilter in terms of its pore size and surface hydrophobicity or hydrophilicity. This is the first attempt at separating unnecessary chemical residues from a mixed reactant solution by nanoscale purification process using the tremendous number of nanoholes in the nanofilter. After purification by the nanofilter, high efficiency and narrow‐band Cs3MnBr5 phosphor is synthesized by evaporative crystallization. Here, the photoluminescent quantum yield (PLQY) of the purified Cs3MnBr5 phosphor is monitored to evaluate the purification ability of the SiNx nanofilter. The highest PLQY (53%) of Cs3MnBr5 green phosphors is obtained by purification of reactant solution using nanofilter with 50 nm nanopore diameter and hydrophilic surface. This combined process proves its potential for scalable manufacturing of complex designed SiNx nanofilter chips for chemical species sieving and other applications.
Perspective on Metal Halides with Self‐Trapped Exciton toward White Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Chen Hongting , Xiang Hengyang , Zou Yatao , Zhang Shuai , Cai Bo , Zhang Jibin , Hou Lintao , Zeng Haibo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMetal halides with self‐trapped exciton (STE‐MHs) featuring broadband emission have manifested great potential in white light‐emitting diodes (WLEDs) with encouraging progress proceeding at an exhilarating pace. In this Perspective article, the focus is on the key issues and challenges of STE‐MH as the single‐layered emitter in WLEDs after providing a brief introduction for STE and its working mechanism of the relevant white‐light emission. Possible approaches and future research directions for efficient STE‐MH‐based WLEDs are also put forward, aiming at promoting their application in the next‐generation high‐quality solid‐state lighting sources.
Deterministic and Scalable Generation of Exciton Emitters in 2D Semiconductor Nanodisks
Authors: Feng Shun , Zou Chenji , Cong Chunxiao , Shang Jingzhi , Zhang Jing , Chen Yu , Wu Lishu , Zhang Hongbo , Huang Zumeng , Gao Weibo , Zhang Baile , Huang Wei , Yu Ting 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn recent cryogenic measurements, narrow photoluminescence (PL) peaks due to diverse quantum emitters have been found at random locations of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), which impedes precise optoelectronic applications. Thus, it is of great importance to truly regulate these localized exciton emissions by deterministic spatial and spectral control. Here, such desired emission is primarily demonstrated in monolayer WS2 nanodisks. The size‐dependent PL studies indicate the clear evolution from the broad defect‐band emission to a set of spectrally isolated narrow peaks (linewidth of ≈ sub nm) at 4.2 K, which is associated with the prevailing effect of edge defects with the shrinkage of the disk diameter, providing a narrow emission energy range for bound excitons. When the disk diameter is reduced to 300 nm, more than 80% of emitter peaks are located between 610 and 616 nm, verifying the effective control of emission wavelength of these photon emitters. Furthermore, the strategy is extended to prepare scalable WS2 nanodisk arrays based on flakes of hundreds of µm, and size‐dependent narrow emissions of WSe2 nanodisks are testified. This work develops a defect‐engineering strategy to generate localized exciton emitters toward the promising TMD‐based optoelectronic applications.
Acid‐Degradable Hydrogen‐Generating Metal‐Organic Framework for Overcoming Cancer Resistance/Metastasis and Off‐Target Side Effects
Authors: Yao Xianxian , Chen Danyang , Zhao Bin , Yang Binru , Jin Zhaokui , Fan Mingjian , Tao Geru , Qin Shucun , Yang Wuli , He Qianjun 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe development of stimuli‐responsively degradable porous carriers for both controlled drug release and high biosafety is vitally important to their clinical translation, but still challenging at present. A new type of porphyrin–iron metal organic framework (Fe‐MOF) nanocrystals is engineered here as acid‐degradable drug carrier and hydrogen donor by the coordination between porphyrin and zero‐valence Fe atom. Fe‐MOF nanocrystals exhibit excellent acid‐responsive degradation for H2 generation and simultaneous release of the loaded drug for combined hydrogen‐chemotherapy of cancer multidrug resistance (MDR) and metastasis and for local hydrogen eradication of the off‐target induced toxic side effects of the drug to normal cells/tissues. Mechanistically, released H2 assists chemotherapeutic drug to efficiently inhibit cancer metastasis by immunoactivating intratumoral M1‐phenotype macrophages and consequently downregulating the expression of metastasis‐related matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2) and can also downregulate the expressions of both P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) protein and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in MDR cancer cells to sensitize chemotherapeutic drug for enhanced damage to mitochondria and DNA. High anti‐MDR/antimetastasis efficacies and high biocompatibility endow Fe‐MOF nanocrystals and the Fe‐MOF‐based nanomedicine with high potential for clinical translation.
Regional Radiomics Similarity Networks Reveal Distinct Subtypes and Abnormality Patterns in Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Zhao Kun , Zheng Qiang , Dyrba Martin , Rittman Timothy , Li Ang , Che Tongtong , Chen Pindong , Sun Yuqing , Kang Xiaopeng , Li Qiongling , Liu Bing , Liu Yong , Li Shuyu ,   for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: January 2022

AbstractIndividuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) of different subtypes show distinct alterations in network patterns. The first aim of this study is to identify the subtypes of MCI by employing a regional radiomics similarity network (R2SN). The second aim is to characterize the abnormality patterns associated with the clinical manifestations of each subtype. An individual‐level R2SN is constructed for N = 605 normal controls (NCs), N = 766 MCI patients, and N = 283 Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. MCI patients’ R2SN profiles are clustered into two subtypes using nonnegative matrix factorization. The patterns of brain alterations, gene expression, and the risk of cognitive decline in each subtype are evaluated. MCI patients are clustered into “similar to the pattern of NCs” (N‐CI, N = 252) and “similar to the pattern of AD” (A‐CI, N = 514) subgroups. Significant differences are observed between the subtypes with respect to the following: 1) clinical measures; 2) multimodal neuroimaging; 3) the proportion of progression to dementia (61.54% for A‐CI and 21.77% for N‐CI) within three years; 4) enriched genes for potassium‐ion transport and synaptic transmission. Stratification into the two subtypes provides new insight for risk assessment and precise early intervention for MCI patients.
Comparison of methods to recover amaranth weed seeds from manure
Authors: Wilson Melissa L. , Brusa Anthony , Christensen Hatley , Strack Samuel , Alto Eddie , Allen Luis F. , Cortus Scott D. , Modderman Chryseis , Becker Roger L. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOne pathway by which Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) invades new areas is through importation of contaminated livestock feed, which then contaminates land‐applied manure. If contaminated feed is suspected, detection tools are needed to test manure, but traditional methods are time consuming and often inconclusive. Although new genetic seed testing is making detection easier, methods to separate seed from contaminated manure are needed. Six methods were compared for their ability to recover 100 Palmer amaranth seeds added to bedded or nonbedded cattle manure: dry sieving, rinse sieving, manure saturation sieving without blending and with blending, and dispersion sieving without blending and with blending. Seed recovery was highest (>90%) with the rinse sieving method regardless of manure type. The dispersion methods are not recommended as they recovered <24.7% of seeds. Following each method, genetic testing successfully identified Palmer amaranth presence, indicating no interference of recovery method with DNA extraction.
A Single‐Ion Conducting Network as Rationally Coordinating Polymer Electrolyte for Solid‐State Li Metal Batteries
Authors: Li Hao , Du Yunfei , Zhang Qi , Zhao Yong , Lian Fang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSolid state single‐ion conducting polymer electrolytes (SSPEs) are one of the most promising candidates for long‐life lithium‐metal batteries. However, the traditional polyanion‐type structure of SSPEs inevitably gives rise to insufficient conductivity and inferior mechanical stability, which limits their practical application. Herein, an interpenetrating single‐ion network polymer (PTF‐4EO) is fabricated by crosslinking lithium tetrakis(4‐(chloromethyl)‐2,3,5,6‐tetrafluorophenyl)borate salt with tetraethylene glycol. The unique structure enables a PTF‐4EO with weakly interacting anions and coordinating ether oxygen segments that functions as a high‐performing SSPE, that delivers a high room‐temperature conductivity of 3.53 × 10−4 S cm−1, exceptional superior lithium‐ion transference number of 0.92, wide electrochemical window > 4.8 V, and good mechanical properties. Moreover, the resultant SSPE can directly participate in constructing a favorable Janus solid electrolyte interphase, which further enhances the interfacial stability of the metallic lithium anode. The as‐assembled LiFePO4||Li solid batteries present prominent cycling stability, coulombic efficiency, and capacity retention over 200 cycles between 2.50 and 4.25 V. Furthermore, LiNi0.7Mn0.2Co0.1O2||Li pouch cells exhibit remarkable safety even under harsh conditions. This study thereby offers a promising strategy for SSPE design to simultaneously achieve high ionic conductivity and good interfacial compatibility toward practical high‐energy‐density solid‐state lithium metal batteries.
Sandwich‐Shell Structured CoMn2O4/C Hollow Nanospheres for Performance‐Enhanced Sodium‐Ion Hybrid Supercapacitor
Authors: Ma Yang , Zhang Liuyang , Yan Zhaoxiong , Cheng Bei , Yu Jiaguo , Liu Tao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSodium hybrid supercapacitors (Na‐HSCs) are regarded as one promising electrochemical energy storage device, because of the low price of sodium, prolonged life cycle, and high‐energy/power density. Nonetheless, the imparity between the fast capacitive reactions at cathode and the sluggish Faradaic reactions at the anode leads to an imbalance in the electrochemical reaction kinetics, limiting the development of Na‐HSCs. Therefore, it is urgent to develop suitable anode materials for performance‐enhanced Na‐HSCs. Herein, sandwich‐shell‐structured CoMn2O4/C hollow spheres are synthesized by a facile hydrothermal reaction and subsequent calcination, where mesoporous carbon hollow spheres (CHSs) serve as nonsacrificial hard templates. CHSs with numerous mesoporous channels are beneficial for the penetration of reactant ions. Therefore, CoMn2O4 nanosheets are successfully deposited on the inner and outer surfaces of CHSs, generating sandwich‐shell‐structured CoMn2O4/C hollow spheres. Benefiting from the unique design, CoMn2O4/C HSs exhibit excellent sodium storage performance, including a high‐specific capacity of 290 mAh g–1 at 0.1 A g–1 and prolonged cycling durability. A Na‐HSC assembled by CoMn2O4/C HSs anode and activated carbon cathode exhibits a high‐energy density (265 Wh kg–1) and a wide‐operating voltage range (0.01–4.0 V).
A new perspective on vegetable oil epoxidation modeling: Reaction and mass transfer in a liquid–liquid–solid system
Authors: Salmi Tapio , Russo Vincenzo , Aguilera Adriana Freites , Tolvanen Pasi , Wärnå Johan , Di Serio Martino , Tesser Riccardo , Cogliano Tommaso , Leveneur Sébastien , Eränen Kari 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA rigorous mathematical model was developed for a complex liquid–liquid–solid system in a batch reactor. The approach is general but well applicable for the indirect epoxidation of vegetable oils according to the concept of Nikolaj Prileschajew, implying in situ prepared percarboxylic acids as epoxidation agents. The model considers intra‐ and interfacial mass transfer effects coupled to reaction kinetics. The liquid phases were described with chemical approach (aqueous phase) and a reaction–diffusion approach (oil phase). The oil droplets were treated as rigid spheres, in which the overall reaction rate is influenced by chemical reactions and molecular diffusion. The model was tested with a generic example, where two reactions proceeded simultaneously in the aqueous and oil phases. The example (i.e., fatty acid epoxidation) illustrated the power of real multiphase model in epoxidation processes. The proposed modeling concept can be used for optimization purposes for applications, which comprise a complex water–oil–solid catalyst system.
Cuprous‐based composite ionic liquids for the selective absorption of CO: Experimental study and thermodynamic analysis
Authors: Tao Duan‐Jian , An Xue‐Cong , Gao Zi‐Teng , Li Zhang‐Min , Zhou Yan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThree cuprous‐based composite ionic liquids (ILs) [EimH][OAc]–xCuOAc (x = 0.5, 0.6, 0.7) were prepared and employed for efficient absorption of CO. It is shown that the cuprous composite IL [EimH][OAc]–0.6CuOAc exhibited the largest absorption capacity for CO (0.031 g/g at 293.15 K and 1 bar) and had a record CO/N2 selectivity of 967, which is better than most of common ILs and solvents reported in the literature. The results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS) analysis, and theoretical calculations reveal that such superior CO capacity mainly resulted from two kinds of chemical interaction between CO and the active anionic species [Cu(OAc)2]− in [EimH][OAc]–0.6CuOAc. Furthermore, a “deactivated IL model” was further proposed to accurately describe the absorption behavior of CO in [EimH][OAc]–0.6CuOAc, in which the thermodynamic parameters including Henry's law constants, reaction equilibrium constants, and absorption enthalpies were estimated by the correlation of the experimental solubilities of CO.
Green synthesis of ferrocenyl‐modified MnO2/carbon‐based nanocomposite as an outstanding supercapacitor electrode material
Authors: Teimuri‐Mofrad Reza , Payami Elmira , Piriniya Ayda , Hadi Raha 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA nanocomposite of carbonaceous aerogel (CA) supported by modified MnO2 nanoparticles with ferrocene (Fc) moiety (MnO2‐Fc/CA) was prepared by a simple and environmentally friendly approach in two steps. In the first step, a porous carbon‐based material was synthesized using watermelon as a starting material. Then, 5‐ferrocenylpentanoic acid was covalently grafted onto the α‐MnO2 surface through hydrothermal route, and finally, MnO2‐Fc/CA was obtained by simply physically mixing MnO2‐Fc and CA in acetone. After thorough characterization of as‐prepared nanomaterial via appropriate analyses, the MnO2‐Fc/CA nanocomposite reveals excellent electrochemical performances (Cs value: 963 F g−1 at 1 A g−1) and outstanding cycling stability (~96% after 3000 CV cycles). Moreover, the constructed symmetric cell reveals a high‐energy density of 38.1 Wh kg−1 and a high‐power density of 4556 W kg−1. The final high‐performance nanocomposite is a very favorable candidate for energy storage applications.
Periconceptional folic acid use prevents both rare and common neural tube defects in China
Authors: Zhou Ying , Crider Krista S. , Yeung Lorraine F. , Rose Charles E. , Li Zhu , Berry Robert J. , Li Song , Moore Cynthia A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundNeural tube defects (NTDs) encompass a variety of distinct types. We assessed if the preventive effect of folic acid (FA) varied by NTD type and infant sex.MethodsWe examined all pregnancies with NTD status confirmation from a pregnancy‐monitoring system in selected locations in northern and southern regions of China between 1993 and 1996. Women who took 400 μg of FA daily during 42 days after last menstrual period were considered FA users. We analyzed NTD prevalence by FA use status, NTD type, geographic region, and infant sex.ResultsAmong 626,042 pregnancies, 700 were affected by an NTD. Among FA nonusers, 65 pregnancies (8.8 per 10,000) in the north and 51 pregnancies (1.2 per 10,000) in the south were affected by one of the two rare NTDs, that is, craniorachischisis, iniencephaly. FA use prevented occurrence of these two rare NTDs and reduced the prevalence of spina bifida (SB) by 78% (from 17.9 to 3.9 per 10,000) in the north and 51% (from 2.4 to 1.2 per 10,000) in the south. Among FA users, SB prevalence, including SB with high lesion level, was significantly reduced in both geographic regions. FA use reduced prevalence of anencephaly and encephalocele by 85% and 50%, respectively in the north, while it did not reduce the prevalence of these two NTDs in the south. There was a greater reduction in NTD prevalence in female than in male infants and fetuses.ConclusionsThis is the first study to show that FA prevents the entire spectrum of NTD types.
Development and validation of a HPLC–UV based method for the extraction and quantification of methotrexate in the skin
Authors: Giulio Luca , Padula Cristina , Pescina Silvia , Nicoli Sara , Santi Patrizia 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAn innovative and sensitive HPLC–UV method for the extraction and quantification of methotrexate (MTX) in skin layers was developed and validated. Owing to the physico‐chemical characteristics of the drug and the nature of the tissue, it was necessary to use folic acid (FA) as an internal standard for MTX quantification in the dermis. MTX (and FA) analysis was performed on a Phenomenex Jupiter C18 column, using a 50 mm sodium acetate buffer (pH 3.6) and methanol mixture (87:13, v/v) as mobile phase, pumped at 1 ml/min. The absorbance was monitored at 290 nm. The method was selective, linear in the range 0.11–8.49 μg/ml for extraction solvent and 0.05–8.94 μg/ml for pH 7.4 phosphate‐buffered saline, precise and accurate, with lower limits of quantitation of 0.11 μg/ml (extraction solvent) and 0.05 μg/ml (pH 7.4 phosphate‐buffered saline). The method developed is suitable for the quantification of MTX in skin layers at the end of in vitro permeation experiments; the overall mass balance was 96.5 ± 1.4%, in line with the requirements of the Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development guideline for the testing of the chemicals (Skin absorption: in vitro method).
Advances in Palladium‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Cycloadditions of Cyclic Carbonates, Carbamates and Lactones
Authors: You Yong , Li Qun , Zhang Yan‐Ping , Zhao Jian‐Qiang , Wang Zhen‐Hua , Yuan Wei‐Cheng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPalladium‐catalyzed decarboxylative cycloadditions have emerged as highly effective methods for constructing structurally diverse carbo‐ and heterocycles because of the formation of at least two carbon‐carbon or carbon‐heteroatom bonds in a single step. It is of great interest to chemists that this type of cycloaddition reactions possesses some special advantages such as high reactivity, exclusive regioselectivity, and good functional group compatibility. Based on these qualities, palladium‐catalyzed decarboxylative cycloadditions present strong ability in synthetic chemistry and have been flourished especially in the last five years. In this review, the achievements in palladium‐catalyzed decarboxylative cycloadditions involving cyclic carbonates, carbamates, and lactones for accessing oxacyclo‐, azacyclo‐ and carbocyclic compounds are addressed. Mechanistic insights and some synthetic applications toward the synthesis of natural products are discussed. The challenges and opportunities of this field are also outlined.
Recognition of Oxidative Coupling of Methane Reactor Performance Patterns
Authors: Kim Mijin , Repke Jens-Uwe , Schomäcker Reinhard , Khodadadi Abbas Ali , Wozny Günter , Görke Oliver , Godini Hamid Reza 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA pseudo‐homogeneous model, considering the axial and radial heat and mass transfer characteristics of an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) packed‐bed catalytic reactor, was utilized to represent its thermal reaction performance in a wide range of variation of the operating conditions investigated in this research. This is another step towards distinguishing the direct contribution of the catalytic reactions and indirect contribution of the reactor's structural characteristics on the overall OCM reactor performance, as well as towards developing a thoroughly representative reaction scheme and a well‐estimated set of kinetic parameters. The results of an extensive experimentation were also utilized to support this model‐based analysis.