bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leading in the Paradoxical World of Crises: How Leaders Navigate Through Crises
Authors: Förster Charlotte , Paparella Caroline , Duchek Stephanie , Güttel Wolfgang H. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLiving and operating in a global world, the risk for a global economic crisis has never been greater. As ongoing events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, the recent war in Ukraine or the sharply increasing inflation have shown, organizations need to be highly resilient to persevere in a crisis-prone world. Even though we know that crises serve as a focal lens on leadership behavior and leaders play a crucial role in these scenarios, little is known as to how leaders handle an existence-threatening organizational crisis. Using an inductive analysis of 32 interviews on crisis leadership, we show that in the case of an acute crisis, leaders apply different paradoxical behaviors to cope effectively with the situation and navigate their organizations through these events. More specifically, our study contributes to existing literature by, first, showing that the distinctiveness of crises results from the fact that leaders are confronted with paradoxes that they can otherwise smoothly separate in terms of time or organization, second, revealing that the leader’s paradoxical behaviors as a respond are derived from their mindset to consciously recognize the contradictory demands of the crisis, and third, from their action in terms of a compressed situational leadership. By identifying six pairs of paradoxical behaviors, we demonstrate how leaders effectively deal with the unsolvable contradictions that arise from the crisis, and thus contribute to the organizations’ ability to cope with crises.
Ein neues Instrument zur Erfassung der Einstellungen zu Portfolioarbeit in der Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerbildung (EPP-L)
Authors: Fütterer Tim , Feder Lina , Cramer Colin 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungPortfolioarbeit ist aufgrund von Potenzialen für Professionalisierungsprozesse (z. B. Entwicklung von Reflexionsfähigkeit) ein weit verbreitetes und teilweise sogar verbindlich vorgeschriebenes Konzept in der Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerbildung. Für die Wirksamkeit einer Portfolioarbeit (d. h. für die Entfaltung der Potenziale) erweisen sich positive Einstellungen der Anwenderinnen und Anwender zu Portfolioarbeit als bedeutsam. Bislang liegen allerdings keine Befunde zu Einstellungen zu Portfolioarbeit vor, die über Spezifika vereinzelter, standortspezifischer Portfoliokonzeptionen hinausreichen. Ein Grund hierfür ist, dass Instrumente zur Erfassung von Einstellungen bislang nicht konzeptionsübergreifend nutzbar sind. Dieser Beitrag stellt ein neues Instrument zur Erfassung von Einstellungen von Lehramtsstudierenden zu Portfolioarbeit (EPP-L) vor, das unabhängig von spezifischen Konzeptionen eingesetzt werden kann. Ausgehend von einem Pool aus 45 Items, die auf Basis theoretisch abgeleiteter und systematisch identifizierter Potenziale von Portfolioarbeit entwickelt wurden, konnten in einem iterativen Prozess (z. B. kognitive Pretests, Expertenratings) 18 finale Items entwickelt werden. Die psychometrische Überprüfung des EPP‑L erfolgte anhand von N1 = 424 und N2 = 374 Lehramtsstudierenden. Der EPP‑L erweist sich als reliabel (interne Konsistenz) und valide (Konstrukt- und Kriteriumsvalidität). Theoriekonform zeigen sich starke Zusammenhänge der Einstellungen mit dem wahrgenommenen Nutzen von Portfolioarbeit und keine bis schwache Zusammenhänge mit konstruktivistischen und transmissiven lerntheoretischen Überzeugungen. Differential Item Functioning Analysen zeigen die Messinvarianz des EPP‑L über die Variable Geschlecht. Konfirmatorische Faktorenanalysen bestätigen einen Generalfaktor. Der EPP‑L bietet die Möglichkeit, Evidenz zur Portfolioarbeit in der Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerbildung über vereinzelte Programmevaluationen hinaus zu generieren.
Temperature dependence of electrical resistivity, deformation, and fracture of polygranular graphite with different amounts of porosity
Authors: Paraskevoulakos C. , Roebuck B. , Hallam Keith Richard , Flewitt P. E. J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSynthetic polygranular graphites have a wide range of current and potential applications. Indeed, some are being considered as candidate moderator materials for the next generation of nuclear power plants, which are designed to operate at temperatures as high as 1000 °C. Detailed experimental work has been performed to investigate the electrical resistivity and mechanical behaviour of a synthetic graphite over a range of temperatures. An electrothermomechanical testing rig has been employed to conduct tensile tests to evaluate elastic modulus and fracture strength over the temperature range from room temperature to 700 °C for a near-isotropic synthetic polygranular graphite. A series of mm length scale ‘dogbone’ geometry specimens, containing varying levels of porosity between 8% and 18%, were used for testing. Acquired data revealed an average of 30% gain in material stiffness, occurring at temperatures above 400 °C. Tensile strength decreased linearly with increasing porosity at higher temperatures (700 °C). The accumulated percentage reduction of resistivity during the transition from room temperature to 700 °C reduced linearly with increasing amounts of porosity. The resistivity and mechanical property measurements are discussed, with particular attention given to the porosity of the synthetic graphite.
Alibertia patinoi (Cuatrec.) Delprete & C.H.Perss. (Borojó): food safety, phytochemicals, and aphrodisiac potential
Authors: González-Jaramillo Nancy , Bailon-Moscoso Natalia , Duarte-Casar Rodrigo , Romero-Benavides Juan Carlos 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAlthough the western discovery of borojó [Alibertia patinoiCuatrec. (Delprete & C.H.Perss.)] is as recent as 1948, its several traditional uses in gastronomy and medicine, and its fame as an aphrodisiac are long standing and strong: the “love juice” extracted from it is very appreciated in Colombia, Ecuador, and Panama. Its medicinal potential, though, is far wider. This literature review aims to summarize the knowledge about the fruit, its ethnomedical uses, its biological activity and phytochemical composition, to validate ethnomedical claims and to help envision future lines of research. Borojó extracts have confirmed antimicrobial and antioxidant, and potential anticancer activities, which can be at least partially explained by its phytochemical composition -compounds isolated and identified through Gas Chromatography, High Performance Liquid Chromatography and spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques- rich in phenolic compounds, some of which, for example oleuropein, chlorogenic acid and rutin, possess proven biological activity. There is potential for borojó products as a source of bioactive natural products, which have not been exhaustively identified despite phytochemical screenings that show the presence of unstudied compound families: terpenoids, alkaloids, steroids; and functional alimentary products. Although its aphrodisiac properties have not been confirmed, several compounds with confirmed aphrodisiac activity in other species, mainly flavonoids, are also found in borojó. These, coupled with its nutritional profile and perhaps compounds yet unidentified, could validate the claim.Graphical abstract
Does Rice Quality Matter? Understanding Consumer Preferences for Rice in Nigeria
Authors: Peterson-Wilhelm Bailey , Nalley Lawton Lanier , Durand-Morat Alvaro , Shew Aaron 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRice is a staple crop in Nigeria. Even with a push to increase domestic production, little is known about the functionality of Nigeria’s open bag markets and the preferences of consumers for specific rice attributes. Our study uses a hedonic price model to identify quality attribute preferences of consumers and potential market failures. Our results indicate that Nigerian consumers prefer rice with homogenous long slender kernels and a low presence of broken rice and are indifferent to chalkiness. The findings are useful as they can inform future strategies for rice breeders, domestic policy makers, and rice exporters.
On some p-differential graded link homologies
Authors: Qi You , Sussan Joshua 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We show that the triply graded Khovanov–Rozansky homology of knots and links over a field of positive odd characteristic p descends to an invariant in the homotopy category finite-dimensional p-complexes.
A p-extended differential on the triply graded homology discovered by Cautis is compatible with the p-DG structure. As a consequence, we get a categorification of the Jones polynomial evaluated at a

$2p$

th root of unity.
The Informal Economy in Masande Ntshanga’sThe Reactive
Authors: Jewell Josh 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe idea that (semi-)peripheral societies might follow developmental pathways distinct from those prescribed by globalization has been explored at length in the last twenty years by scholars such as G. G. Alcock, Rem Koolhaus, Jane Guyer, AbdouMaliq Simone, Achille Mbembe, and Sarah Nuttall. For scholars who have celebrated these kinds of sociality, the informal economy—as Keith Hart has called it—represents Gordimer’s “space that lies between camps”: an alternative social velocity to both the corrupt or “can’t do” state and global capitalist modernization. But more and more South African writers are using their work to interrogate the idea that living in the interstices of institutions such as the state, traditional community, and capital is in fact liberatory or counter-hegemonic. In this article I argue that Masande Ntshanga’s 2014 novelThe Reactiveis the paradigm of the “disaffection” of present fiction—as Ivan Vladislavić describes it—with contemporary South Africa.
A preliminary study of the rare earth element-enriched Twyfelskupje carbonatite complex, southern Namibia
Authors: Marlow Alan G. , Palmer Martin R. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Twyfelskupje carbonatite complex, Southern Namibia, exhibits the typical igneous emplacement structures of carbonatites, including plugs, cone sheets and dyke stockworks. The excellent exposure allows for detailed studies of the high-level geochemical and structural evolution of the carbonatite, and the nature of the concomitant rare earth element mineralization. Radiogenic isotope analyses (Sr, Nd, Pb) reveal that, in common with many other carbonatites, the Twyfelskupje carbonatite complex appears to be predominantly derived from mixing between HIMU and EM1 mantle end-members. Following partial melting of these mantle sources, the geochemical and structural evolution of the Twyfelskupje carbonatite complex proceeded by a staged process involving separate magma pulses, a series of emplacement structures, sub-solidus crystallization, fractionation and low-temperature hydrothermal alteration. The dominant rare earth element minerals in the Twyfelskupje carbonatite complex are fluorcarbonates and monazite, and are characterized by variable Ca, high F and light rare earth elements in the order Ce>La>Nd. Comparison between the rare earth element concentrations of the whole rocks, dominant rare earth element minerals and carbonates suggests that ∼95 % of the total rare earth element abundance of the Twyfelskupje carbonatite complex is contained within fluorcarbonates and monazite. Overall, the early calcio-carbonatite plugs are rare earth element enriched (mean 4.47 wt % rare earth oxides) relative to the magnesio-carbonatite cone sheets (mean 2.51 wt % rare earth oxides).
Effect of mother bonded rearing on growth, health and physiological state of Murrah buffalo calves
Authors: Jamwal Shwetambri , Singh Pawan , Choudhary Sanjay , Kamboj Madan Lal , Thakur Rajneesh 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe investigated the effect of different types of mother-young contacts (fenceline, restricted and no contact) on the health, growth performance, behaviour and physiological state of Murrah buffalo calves. A total of 24 calves were allocated to three groups of 8: NCM (no calf–mother contact), RCM (restricted calf–mother contact) and FCM (fenceline calf–mother contact). At three months of age, the FCM calves had a higher average body weight (58.6 ± 1.5 kg) than the RCM (52.8 ± 1.3 kg) and NCM (53.6 ± 1.3 kg) calves (P <0.05). The average daily gain (ADG) at three months of age was greater in FCM (0.6 ± 0.1 kg/d) than RCM (0.5 ± 0.1 kg/d) and NCM (0.5 ± 0.1 kg/d) calves (P <0.05). The mean immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrations were significantly greater on d 7, 28, 42 and d 56 of sampling (P <0.05 for all comparisons) in FCM than RCM and NCM calves. The mean cortisol levels were highest in the NCM calves followed by RCM and the lowest values were observed in FCM calves on d 0, d 7, d 28, d 42 and d 56, respectively (P <0.05, for all recorded days). The diarrhoea score and eggs per gram of faeces (EPG) were significantly greater in the NCM group compared to the RCM and FCM groups. The time spent in cross sucking, licking inanimate objects and self-licking was greatest (P <0.05) in NCM calves, followed by RCM calves, and was almost non-existent in the FCM group on all the recorded weeks. Time spent in backward ear position was greater (P <0.05) in FCM than RCM and NCM calves. The average time spent in forward ear position was greatest (P <0.05) in the RCM calves followed by NCM with the lowest time observed in FCM calves. The mean duration of time spent by calves in the asymmetrical and axial ear position differed significantly (P <0.05) among NCM, RCM and FCM calves,P <0.05. The full and fenceline buffalo calf–mother contact system showed higher growth rates, lower levels of stress responses, oral stereotypies and eggs per gram of faeces. In addition, ear postures may be used as a dependable, and reliable measure of positive, low arousal emotional states.
Evidence for strain-specific virulence ofTrichomonas gallinaein African columbiformes
Authors: Dunn Jenny C. , Thomas Rebecca C. , Hipperson Helen , Sheehan Danaë J. , Orsman Chris , Mallord John , Goodman Simon J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractInfection by parasites or pathogens can have marked physiological impacts on individuals. In birds, infection may affect moult and feather growth, which is an energetically demanding time in the annual cycle. Previous work has suggested a potential link between clinically visibleTrichomonas gallinaeinfection and wing length in turtle dovesStreptopelia turturarriving on breeding grounds. First,T. gallinaeinfection was characterized in 149 columbids from 5 species, sampled on turtle dove wintering grounds in Senegal during the moulting period, testing whether infection byT. gallinaeis linked to moult.Trichomonas gallinaeprevalence was 100%, so rather than testing for differences between infected and uninfected birds, we tested for differences in moult progression between birds infected by differentT. gallinaestrains. Twelve strains ofT. gallinaewere characterized at the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1)/5.8S/ITS2 region, of which 6 were newly identified within this study. In turtle doves only, evidence for differences in wing length by strain was found, with birds infected by strain Tcl-1 having wings nearly 6 mm longer than those infected with strain GEO. No evidence was found for an effect of strain identity within species on moult progression, but comparisons between infected and uninfected birds should be further investigated in species where prevalence is lower.
Phenomenology, quality of life, and predictors of reversibility in patients with drug-induced movement disorders: a prospective study
Authors: Anand Rohit , Pandey Shweta , Garg Ravindra Kumar , Singh Malhotra Hardeep , Shrivastava Shrikant , Kar Sujita Kumar , Rungta Sumit , Verma Rajesh , Kumar Sharma Praveen , Kumar Neeraj , Uniyal Ravi , Rizvi Imran 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundDrug-induced movement disorders (DIMDs) form an important subgroup of secondary movement disorders, which despite conferring a significant iatrogenic burden, tend to be under-recognized and inappropriately managed.ObjectiveWe aimed to look into phenomenology, predictors of reversibility, and its impact on the quality of life of DIMD patients.MethodsWe conducted the study in the Department of Neurology at a tertiary-care centre in India. The institutional ethics-committee approved the study. We assessed 55-consecutive DIMD patients at presentation to our movement disorder clinic. Subsequently, they followed up to evaluate improvement in severity-scales (UPDRS, UDRS, BARS, AIMS) and quality of life (EuroQol-5D-5L). Wilcoxan-signed-rank test compared the scales at presentation and follow-up. Binary-logistic-regrerssion revealed the independent predictors of reversibility.ResultsFourteen patients (25.45%) had acute-subacute DIMD and 41 (74.55%) had tardive DIMD. Tardive-DIMD occurred more commonly in the elderly (age 50.73±16.92 years, p<0.001). Drug-induced-Parkinsonism (DIP) was the most common MD, followed by tardivedyskinesia. Risperidone and levosulpiride were the commonest culprit drugs. Patients in both the groups showed a statistically significant response to drug-dose reduction /withdrawal based on follow-up assessment on clinical-rating-scales and quality of life scores (EQ-5D-5L). DIMD was reversible in 71.42% of acute-subacute DIMD and 24.40% of patients with chronic DIMD (p=0.001). Binary-logistic-regression analysis showed acute-subacute DIMDs and DIP as independent predictors of reversibility.ConclusionDIP is the commonest and often reversible drug-induced movement disorder. Levosulpiride is notorious for causing DIMD in the elderly, requiring strict pharmacovigilance.
Positive relation between dietary inflammatory index and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women
Authors: Mohammadisima Neda , Farshbaf-Khalili Azizeh , Ostadrahimi Alireza , Pourmoradian Samira 
Published: December 2022

Abstract: Background: Previous studies have shown that some dietary components may be implicated in the aetiology of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Objective: We examined the relationship between Dietary Inﬂammatory Index (DII®) and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Study design: Eight hundred and fifty postmenopausal women aged 50–65 years were randomly selected from 87 health care centers. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured using the anterior-posterior lumbar spine (L1-L4) and proximal femur neck through Hologic QDR 4500W (S/N 50266) dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry device. After checking inclusion and exclusion criteria and diagnosis of osteoporosis, 124 women with normal bone mineral density (normal-BMD) and 108 women with osteoporosis were selected. Demographic, anthropometric, physical activity, midwifery, and dietary intake questionnaires were completed. DII was calculated based on a valid and reliable 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire using 37 (out of 45) food parameters. A Logistic regression model adjusted for confounders was applied to estimate osteoporosis’s odds ratio (OR) based on modeling DII as a continuous and dichotomous variable. Results: In this study, DII scores ranged from −3.71 (the most anti-inﬂammatory score) to +4.16 (the most pro-inﬂammatory score). The median DII value among the osteoporosis group was 0.97, among the normal group it was −0.31, indicating a more pro-inflammatory diet for osteoporosis. There were positive associations between osteoporosis and DII based on both continuous (Adjusted OR=3.467, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.280–5.272, P-value<0.001) and dichotomous (Adjusted OR: DII ≤−0.31 / >−0.31=0.248, 95% CI: 0.110–0.561, P-value=0.001) measures in modeling adjusted for age, BMI, post-menopausal years, parity, education, total energy intake, and physical activity. Conclusions: These data suggest a pro-inflammatory diet, as indicated by increasing the DII score, may be a risk factor for osteoporosis in postmenopausal Iranian women.
Causes for Atlantic Freshwater Content Variability in the GECCO3 Ocean Synthesis
Authors: Liu Xin , Köhl Armin , Stammer Detlef 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRegional freshwater content (FWC) changes are studied over the period 1961–2018 using the GECCO3 ocean synthesis. In four dynamically distinct regions of the Atlantic, the study identifies causes for FWC variability with a focus on interannual and decadal time‐scale changes. Results show that in each region, it is a combination of the surface freshwater flux and the net freshwater transport across the region's boundaries that act jointly in changing the respective FWC. Surface flux mainly contributes to the FWC variability on multi‐decadal time scales. The impact of surface flux also increases toward the tropics. On shorter time scales, it is especially horizontal transport fluctuations, leading to FWC changes in mid and high latitudes. Going from north to the south, the transport across a single meridional boundary becomes less correlated with the FWC changes but the net transport across both boundaries plays an increasingly important role. Moreover, the subpolar box is mainly gyre driven, which differs from the other two, essentially overturning driven, North Atlantic boxes. In the tropical Atlantic, the shallow overturning cell and the deep overturning contribute about equal amounts to the freshwater variations.
Neuronal haemoglobin induces loss of dopaminergic neurons in mouse Substantia nigra, cognitive deficits and cleavage of endogenous α-synuclein
Authors: Santulli Chiara , Bon Carlotta , De Cecco Elena , Codrich Marta , Narkiewicz Joanna , Parisse Pietro , Perissinotto Fabio , Santoro Claudio , Persichetti Francesca , Legname Giuseppe , Espinoza Stefano , Gustincich Stefano 
Published: December 2022

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) presents the selective loss of A9 dopaminergic (DA) neurons of Substantia Nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and the presence of intracellular aggregates called Lewy bodies. α-synuclein (α-syn) species truncated at the carboxy-terminal (C-terminal) accumulate in pathological inclusions and promote α-syn aggregation and toxicity. Haemoglobin (Hb) is the major oxygen carrier protein in erythrocytes. In addition, Hb is expressed in A9 DA neurons where it influences mitochondrial activity. Hb overexpression increases cells’ vulnerability in a neurochemical model of PD in vitro and forms cytoplasmic and nucleolar aggregates upon short-term overexpression in mouse SNpc. In this study, α and β-globin chains were co-expressed in DA cells of SNpc in vivo upon stereotaxic injections of an Adeno-Associated Virus isotype 9 (AAV9) and in DA iMN9D cells in vitro. Long-term Hb over-expression in SNpc induced the loss of about 50% of DA neurons, mild motor impairments, and deficits in recognition and spatial working memory. Hb triggered the formation of endogenous α-syn C-terminal truncated species. Similar α-syn fragments were found in vitro in DA iMN9D cells over-expressing α and β- globins when treated with pre-formed α-syn fibrils. Our study positions Hb as a relevant player in PD pathogenesis for its ability to trigger DA cells’ loss in vivo and the formation of C-terminal α-syn fragments.