bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Foreign Bodies of Dental Iatrogenic Origin Displaced in the Maxillary Sinus - A Safety and Efficacy Analysis of a Retrospective Study
Authors: Tilaveridis Ioannis , Stefanidou Anatoli , Kyrgidis Athanassios , Tilaveridis Stavros , Tilaveridou Sofia , Zouloumis Lambros 
Published: August 2022

Introduction
Foreign bodies (FB) of the paranasal sinuses are an uncommon clinical entities with the maxillary sinuses being those most frequently affected. According to the literature, 60% of paranasal sinus FB are of iatrogenic origin, while 25% are of traumatic origin. This article aims to present an iatrogenic origin series of cases of FB displaced or projecting into the maxillary sinus.

Materials and Methods
In this retrospective study, the presence of the foreign body was revealed with radiologic methods and confirmed during the operation with macroscopic or later with histopathologic examination. All cases were treated with osteoplasty with vascularised pedicled bone flap or through minimally invasive intraoral procedure.

Results
A total of 27 patients were included in our study, 14 men and 13 women. The age range was 18–65 years with mean age of 46.14 (standard deviation = 10.35) years. Foreign body was displaced fragments of teeth in 11 patients (40.27%), complete teeth in four patients (14.81%), dental implants in five patients (18.51%), dental impression material in 2 cases (7,40%), gutta percha cone in two patients (7.40%), endodontic sealer associated with aspergillosis in two patients (7.40%), and dental burr in one patient (3.7%). The time between dental foreign body displacement and the surgical intervention for its removal was critical for the occurrence of sinusitis. All operated patients remained asymptomatic during a follow-up of at least 1 year.

Discussion
Prompt intervention for removal of FB eliminates the risk for chronic inflammation of the affected maxillary sinus and reduces the odds for sequelae.
Branchial Cleft Cyst Associated with Xanthogranulomatous Inflammation – An Unusual Case
Authors: Chaturvedi Himani-Tiwari , Chaturvedi Chandrashekher 
Published: August 2022

Rationale
Branchial cleft cysts are benign lesions that result from developmental defects arising from primitive branchial arches, cleft, and pouches. Xanthogranulomatous inflammation (XGI) is a mass forming lesion and its association with branchial cleft cyst is rare.

Patient Concerns:
A 23-year-old male presented with a soft, partially mobile, nontender swelling on the left side of submandibular area. His main concern was removal of pathology.

Diagnosis
Computed tomography scan showed a well-circumscribed rounded cystic lesion suggestive of 2nd branchial cleft cyst, which was histopathologically confirmed as branchial cleft cyst with XGI.

Treatment
Complete surgical excision was done under general anaesthesia and the lesion was removed in toto.

Outcomes:
Patient’s postoperative course was uneventful and he was discharged from the hospital on the 4th postoperative day.

Take-away Lessons
Diagnosis of branchial anomalies should always be considered while dealing with lateral neck swellings and XGI associated with branchial cleft cyst should be carefully investigated and treated.
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Rhinoplasty Using the Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation Scale
Authors: Nocini Riccardo , Chirumbolo Salvatore , Pirayesh Ali , Rahman Eqram , Kapoor Krishan Mohan , Caliskan Gulser , Bertossi Dario 
Published: August 2022

Background
The purpose was to evaluate the role and impact of the rhinoplasty outcome evaluation (ROE) in rhinoplasty.

Objectives
To systematically review the ability of ROE to assess rhinoplasty outcome in the very recent surgical approaches.

Data Sources
Searching MESH terms “rhinoplasty” and “rhinoplasty and ROE” on PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Google Scholar, and other major literature databases.

Study Eligibility Criteria
A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses model was adopted for eligibility criteria.

Participants and Interventions
A first large screening on 1,660 papers allowed the final retrieval of 896 reports, of which only 101 were eligible for all the inclusion criteria, which allowed finally to select a group of 12 reports published in the time range 2018–2021.

Study Appraisal and Synthesis Methods
Meta-regression with Durbin–Watson test, checking of meta-analysis bias with Rosenthal’s estimator, and heterogeneity through the I
2 statistics were performed. The analysis included a Mantel–Haenszel test and associated or meta-analysis.

Results
Twelve eligible and qualified papers were included in the meta-analysis, out of 1,263 patients, from 1,660 papers. ROE confirmed previous reports about its ability to discriminate preoperative from postoperative outcome (50/100), as from the different rhinoplasty approaches, a value very close to the functional Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation scale. This study strengthens the role of ROE in the evaluation of rhinoplasty outcomes encouraging further research to improve ROE scale on different cultural habits and geographical areas.

Limitations
The main limitations were due to the weak inclusion and exclusion criteria, methodological flaws with the statistical analysis, and poor data synthesis and evaluation in many papers about ROE.
Chronic Invasive Aspergillosis with Fulminant Mucormycosis Sparing Palate in a Post-COVID-19 Patient - A Case Report
Authors: Ramani Pratibha , Krishnan Reshma Poothakulath , Pandiar Deepak , Benitha J. Georgia , Ramalingam Karthikeyan , Gheena S. 
Published: August 2022

Rationale
COVID-19 patients, especially immunocompromised or severely ill, have a higher probability of suffering from invasive fungal infections.

Patient Concerns
A 41-years-old male reported with pain and heaviness in the face for the past 20 days. Patient had tested COVID-19 positive 20 days back and was recently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. On histopathological examination numerous hyphae resembling mucor and asper fungi were evident.

Diagnosis
Chronic invasive aspergillosis with fulminant mucormycosis sparing palate.

Treatment
Since the lesion was spreading very rapidly the patient was referred to an isolation facility for further management.

Outcomes
We have postulated few hypothesis for the coinfection of aspergillosis and mucormycosis in our patient.

Take-away Lessons
It is important for the clinicians to systematically screen post COVID-19 patients for fungal infections, especially in immunocompromised and severely ill patients.
Use of Intraoperative C-Arm Fluoroscopy in Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Mandibular Condyle Fracture - A Case Report
Authors: Kumar Jitender , Kumar Sanjeev , Kapoor Sudhir K. , Thakker Rishabh , Bhatnagar Alok , Singh Minerva 
Published: August 2022

The Rationale
Condyle fractures are a common type of mandibular fracture that can result in malocclusion. Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) in condylar fracture is considered as the most acceptable treatment modality.

Patient Concerns
The patient complained of pain and difficulty in the jaw while chewing.

Diagnosis
An orthopantomogram and reverse Towne’s view can lead to diagnosis of the condylar fracture.

Treatment
Open reduction and internal fixation using intraoperative real-time visualisation of subcondylar fracture reduction utilising the C-arm fluoroscopic approach were used to allow for adequate anatomical repositioning and fast restoration of function to meet the patient’s concerns.

Outcomes
We were able to achieve correct reduction of the fracture fragments with restoration of function and occlusion.

Take-away Lessons
When this procedure is used to treat condylar fractures, surgeons can get a better view of the fracture segments while eliminating the need for postoperative intermaxillary fixation and also reduces the complications from inappropriate reduction and fixation.
Odontogenic Keratocyst with Diverse Variations: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Lohokare Aishwarya Umesh , Nisa Shams Ul , Mhapuskar Amit , Hiremutt Darshan R Prasad , Thopte Shameeka 
Published: August 2022

Rationale
An odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is a developmental odontogenic cyst lined by squamous epithelium having intrinsic growth potential. Hence, metaplastic changes such as the formation of mucous cells, ciliated cells, and hyaline bodies with ortho/para keratinisation have been known to create unusual histopathological variations.

Patient Concerns
A 34-year-old male patient reported with swelling on the lower right side of the face and numbness on the overlying skin.

Diagnosis
Based upon the histopathological findings, a final diagnosis of glandular odontogenic cyst with OKC was confirmed presenting mixed features of basal layer palisading squamous epithelium with goblet cells and satellite cysts appeared to be entrapped in the connective tissue wall.

Treatment
Surgical enucleation of the cyst was done.

Outcomes
No recurrence was reported in 1 year of follow-up.

Take-away Lessons
Diverse variations appear within odontogenic cysts and tumours. The high recurrence rate and aggressive nature of the cyst, divulges appropriate treatment and long-term follow-up.
A Rare Case Report of Impacted Foreign Body (Sewing Needle) in Upper Neck
Authors: Datta Ginni , Singh Gurchand , Singh Himani , Bhavana S. 
Published: August 2022

The Rationale
A 19-year-old female presented to the Otorhinolaryngology Department.

Patient Concerns
Pain over the right side of the neck below the angle of the mandible following a fall on a pin cushion after a fight with her brother. She reported that the wound might have been caused by a sewing needle lodged in the pin cushion.

Diagnosis
X-ray soft-tissue neck lateral view revealed a radiopaque linear shadow on the right side of the neck at the level of the C1-C2 vertebrae. On contrast-enhanced computed tomography, a linear (needle-like) foreign body at the level of C1-C2 was approximately 1.6 cm deep from the skin. The internal jugular vein seemed to be compressed between the needle and vertebrae.

Treatment
Foreign body was explored and removed under general anaesthesia by an open lateral cervical approach.

Outcomes
The patient’s postoperative recovery was uneventful.

Take-away Lesson
Due to early diagnosis, management, and a team of experienced surgeons, anaesthesiologists, and support staff, any morbidity or mortality was avoided.
Success Rate of Mid-Secondary Alveolar Cleft Reconstruction Using Anterior Iliac Bone Grafts: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Tache Ana , Mommaerts Maurice Yves 
Published: August 2022

Introduction
Bony reconstruction of the alveolar process and its adjacent platform largely represents the final step in surgical achievement of functionality and aesthetics in cleft patients. Throughout the years, the success of this procedure has been investigated. The aim of this study was to assess the success rate of autogenous mid-secondary alveolar bone grafting in this setting.

Methods and Material
A retrospective cohort study was performed. All cleft patients receiving secondary alveolar bone grafts between 1990 and 2020 were reviewed. Criteria for assessing success were long-term preservation of alveolar bone stock, ability of spontaneous or orthodontic-guided eruption and periodontal health of permanent lateral incisors and canine teeth, absence of exposed root structures of neighbouring teeth, absence of fistula and successful placement of implants. Failure of alveolar bone grafts was indicated by radiographically demonstrable total or near-total graft loss requiring reintervention.

Results
A number of 124 patients were included and grouped as those primarily operated following our (two-staged palatoplasty) protocol and those receiving cheilorhinoplasty and palatoplasty (one-staged) at other centres. Given the limited cohort size, no complex statistical analysis was performed. In the first group of 64 patients 12 experienced complications (Veau III, eight/36; Veau IV, four/18). In the second group of 60 patients, 12 experienced complications (Veau III, six/37; Veau IV, six/17).

Discussion
Our surgical protocol using anterior iliac bone grafts for secondary alveolar reconstruction achieved good results, comparing favourably with previous literature.
Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis - An Evaluative Study
Authors: Prasad Cheruvathur , Deepa M. , Triveni Palani , Arunkumar Kamalakaran 
Published: August 2022

Introduction
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis is a pathologic condition where the mandible is fused to the fossa by bony or fibrotic tissues. Haemorrhage is one of the major complications during TMJ surgery especially in ankyloses due to altered anatomy. The aim of the study was to analyse the proximity of the vasculature to the TMJ region in TMJ ankylosis patients using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Materials and Methods
Noncontrast-enhanced MRI images of seven patients were assessed. The distance between maxillary artery and neck of condyle/ankylotic mass was measured using coronal sections and distance between the internal carotid artery (ICA), internal jugular vein (IJV) and medial edge of condyle/bony mass were measured using axial sections.

Results
The mean distance of internal maxillary artery (IMA) to medial edge of ankylotic mass was 1 ± 0.57 mm and 2 ± 1.2 mm-left and right condylar regions respectively (range: 0–4 mm).The mean distance from lateral aspect of ankylotic mass to IMA was 8.2 ± 1.4 mm and 8.7 ± 2.8 mm–right and left condylar regions respectively (range: 3–11 mm).The mean distance from medial edge of condyle to ICA was 18.8 ± 1.3 mm and 18.2 ± 1.1 mm-right and left condylar regions respectively (range: 17 mm–20 mm).The mean distance from the medial edge of condyle to IJV was 16.4 ± 1.1 mm and 14.5 ± 2.9 mm-right and left condylar regions (range: 11 mm–19 mm).

Discussion
These measurements were used as a guide to plan the steps during surgery in order to minimise the intraoperative haemorrhagic complications. Hence, MRI may be considered as a valuable tool in assessing the juxtaposition of vascular bed to TMJ region, though contrast MRI and a larger sample is needed to standardise.
Lactic acid bacteria
Authors: Atwa Nagwa A. , Wahba Marwa I. , Maany Dina A. , Awad Hassan M. , Abo-Alkasem Mohamed I. , El-Masry Hossam M. , Amer Mai N. , El-Diwany Ahmed I. 
Published: August 2022

Background
In a previous study, a lactic acid bacterium, Enterococcus faecium, was locally isolated from Egyptian soil and its ability to inhibit the growth of a test phytopathogen was proven.

Objective
The study was performed to assess the ability of the tested strain to grow on different media. The produced antifungal agent was investigated. Finally, the strain was encapsulated within different biopolymers to increase its viability.

Materials and methods
Several byproducts were tested and compared with the standard De Man-Rogosa-Sharpe medium. The antifungal activity was tested using the poisoned food technique. Chromatographic analysis of the fermentation medium was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography. Production of chitinase was confirmed by cultivating the test strain on chitin and estimating the amount of reducing sugars using the Somogyi method. The E. faecium cells were also encapsulated within soy protein isolate-alginate beads, gellan gum discs, and carboxymethyl cellulose beads.

Results and conclusion
The strain was able to grow on all of the tested byproducts and exerted a potent antifungal activity against Fusarium solani, especially when a very economic medium, mainly composed of whey, was used. High-performance liquid chromatography results confirmed the production of a number of organic acids that contributed in the inhibition of the fungal growth. The study also proved the production of chitinase enzymes, which apparently altered the chitinous layer present in the cell wall of F. solani, causing disintegration of the fungal cells. It was also shown that encapsulation of E. faecium increased its viability in soil as compared with the free uncapsulated strain.
Anticancer redox action of gallium nanoparticles combined with a low dosage of γ-radiation against hepatocellular carcinoma in male rats
Authors: Abdalla Mohga S. , El-Mahdy El-Sayed M. , Mansour Somaya Z. , Elsonbaty Sawsan M. , Hussien Menna A. 
Published: August 2022

Background and objective
Nanotechnology affords a new valuable field for the preparation of intrinsic nano anticancer drugs through green synthesis of plant active extracts supported with gallium nanoparticles (GaNPs) to provide us with a new Ga form of treatment with lower toxicity risk. The current study aimed at evaluation of a new GaNP form with grape seed extract as an anticancer agent against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in rats. Moreover, the effect of the exposure to a low dose of γ-radiation on the treatment and prevention of tumor was studied.

Materials and methods
The cytotoxic effect was measured against the HepG2 tumor cell line. An experimental design was optimized using 80 Wistar male rats (120−150 g) divided into eight groups, with 10 rats each. The animals are administered with diethylnitrosamine to induce HCC and then orally administered with a dose of 38.5 mg/kg from the GaNPs in combination with the exposure of the total body to a low dose of γ-radiation (0.5 Gy).

Result and conclusion
The combination of GaNPs/γ-radiation demonstrated significant cytotoxicity against HepG2 cell line with an IC50 of 388.8 µg/ml. Moreover, the results indicated normal structures in the liver architecture, and the conventional biochemical assays showed significant depletion in lipid peroxide, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase activities and creatinine levels. Additionally, there was a significant increase for the antioxidant state parameter in the form of a pronounced reduction of glutathione level. The ameliorative effect of the treatment was well appreciated by the histopathological alteration results. Therefore, it can be concluded that GaNPs/γ-radiation can serve as a good therapeutic agent for the treatment of HCC that ought to attract more studies.
A meta-analysis of prognostic factors in patients with left-sided pancreatic cancer
Authors: Fard Adeleh Hashemi , Sadeghi Ramin , Saffari Seyed Ehsan , Hashemi Fard Seyed Majid , Aliakbarian Mohsen 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Patients with ductal adenocarcinoma of the body and tail of the pancreas usually remain asymptomatic until late in the course of the disease, and the survival of such patients depends on multiple factors, which may affect the therapeutic approach and patient survival. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate such risk factors by pooling various available studies.

Methods:
A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2016, using the following databases: Medline, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. Studies were selected according to the predesigned eligibility criteria, and information was extracted for demographics, clinical features, and survival outcomes. Data were pooled using fixed- or random-effects models.

Results:
Sixteen studies were included (5,660 patients) with a median age of 64.8 years and a median survival of 28.5 (range 13–38) months. Identified significant factors for overall survival were higher age (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.211), men (HR = 1.182), presence of lymph node metastasis (HR = 1.964), multivisceral resection (HR = 1.947), N stage (1 versus 0; HR = 1.601), surgical margin (R0 versus No R0; HR = 0.519) and tumor size (>3 cm; HR = 1.890).

Conclusion:
The pooled results of this study revealed several risk factors for overall survival in patients with left-sided pancreatic cancer.
Relationship between liver function tests & cardiovascular risk factors in stage 3-5 pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease
Authors: Selen Tamer , Akoglu Hadim , Agbaht Kemal 
Published: August 2022

Background & objectives:
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of mortality among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Liver function tests (LFTs) have emerged as markers of CVD risk in some population-based studies. Hence, in the present study the relation between LFTs and biochemical cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) were evaluated in CKD patients.

Methods:
A total of 246 patients with stage 3-5 pre-dialysis CKD were enrolled. Demographics, LFTs [alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT)] and biochemical CRFs were recorded retrospectively. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated using CKD-EPI equation.

Results:
ALT was positively correlated with GFR, albumin, triglyceride and 25-hydroxyvitamin D and negatively correlated with CRP and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH); AST was positively correlated with GFR, albumin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D and negatively correlated with CRP and iPTH; GGT was positively correlated with GFR, CRP and triglyceride and negatively correlated with HDL-C. In diabetic patients, ALT correlated positively with GFR; AST correlated positively with GFR and HDL-C, but correlated negatively with iPTH. In the correlation analysis between GFR and CRF, GFR was positively correlated with albumin, triglyceride and 25-hydroxyvitamin D and negatively correlated with CRP, iPTH and albuminuria in both total study population and diabetic group. A partial correlation analysis revealed no correlation between LFTs and CRFs after being controlled for GFR.

Interpretation & conclusions:
The results of the present study suggest that the relationship between LFTs and biochemical CRFs seems to be a function of impaired GFR.
Papillary carcinoma of breast: An institutional overview of a rare histopathologic type
Authors: Gogoi Gayatri , Dowerah Swagata , Kashyap Akankshya S. , Terangpi Monika 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Papillary carcinoma of the breast is a rare malignant tumor, constituting 1%–2% of all breast carcinomas in women. We studied a total of 6 cases of papillary cancer breast of which five were in female patients, and one was a male patient. Three were invasive papillary carcinoma while one was encapsulated papillary carcinoma without invasion, one was encapsulated papillary carcinoma with invasion and one was a solid type of papillary carcinoma. The median age of the patients was 45.5 years. All the tumors except one were seen in the left breast. Grossly, the size of the tumors ranged from 2 cm × 2 cm × 1.5 cm to as large as 6 cm × 10 cm × 4 cm. Three of the cases had positive axillary nodes. To conclude, papillary carcinoma is a rare tumor with a better prognosis as compared to Infiltrating duct carcinoma breast, and hence, it is important to be aware of the different subtypes and diagnostic pitfalls of this tumor to correctly diagnose it.