bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postoperative Long-Term Outcomes and Independent Risk Factors of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients With Propofol versus Sevoflurane Anesthesia: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Gao Zhenglian , Xu Jian , Coburn Mark , Ma Daqing , Wang Kun 
Published: July 2022

Background: Existing studies have shown that the relationship between anesthetic agents and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) prognosis remains controversial. Therefore, this retrospective cohort study was designed to investigate the effects of propofol or sevoflurane anesthesia on the long-term oncologic outcomes of NSCLC patients.Methods: We identified 1,778 eligible patients (propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) group, n = 686; sevoflurane-based inhalation anesthesia (INHA) group, n = 1,092) out of 2,388 patients undergoing elective NSCLC surgery from June 2013 to June 2016 in the Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital. The primary endpoints were five-year overall survival and recurrence-free survival. The secondary endpoints were independent risk factors of cancer recurrence or all-cause mortality. The data were analyzed with propensity score matching, Kaplan–Meier survival, and Cox multivariate analyses as appropriate.Results: After propensity score matching, there were 672 patients in each group. The median follow-up period was 69 months (interquartile range: 68–70 months) for all patients. Five-year overall survival was 75.7% (95% confidence interval (CI) 72.4–79.1) in the TIVA group and 71.8% (68.4–75.4) in the INHA group (p = 0.160) (hazard ratio (HR), 0.86; 95% CI, 0.70–1.06; p = 0.158), and five-year recurrence-free survival was 68.5% (65.0–72.2) and 62.7% (59.1–66.5 (p = 0.108) (HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.75–1.08; p = 0.253), respectively. Subgroup analyses showed there were no significant difference in the overall survival or recurrence-free survival between the two groups in each TNM stage of NSCLC. The independent risk factors included age ≥60 years, male, blood transfusion, segmental/wedge resection and pneumonectomy, thoracotomy, postoperative complications, lung adenocarcinoma, TNM stages, high CEA and CYFRA211 levels, and postoperative radiotherapy.Conclusions: Our data indicated no difference between the propofol-based TIVA and sevoflurane-based INHA in terms of five-year overall survival and recurrence-free survival after NSCLC surgery.
Comparison of the efficiency of anti-VEGF drugs intravitreal injections treatment with or without retinal laser photocoagulation for macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zou Weijie , Du Yuanyuan , Ji Xiaoyan , Zhang Ji , Ding Hongping , Chen Jingqiao , Wang Tao , Ji Fangfang , Huang Jiang 
Published: July 2022

Objective: To compare the efficiency of anti-VEGF drugs intravitreal injections(IVI) treatment with or without retinal laser photocoagulation(LPC) for macular edema(ME) secondary to retinal vein occlusion(RVO).Methods: The randomized controlled trials and retrospective studies including anti-VEGF drug IVI combined with retinal LPC and single IVI in the treatment of macular edema secondary to RVO were collected in PubMed, Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. We extracted the main outcome indicators including the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness(CMT), the number of injections and the progress of retinal non-perfusion areas(NPAs) for systematic evaluation, to observe whether IVI + LPC could be more effective on the prognosis of RVO. We use Review Manager 5.4 statistical software to analyze the dataResults: 527 articles were initially retrieved. We included 20 studies, with a total of 1387 patients who were divided into the combination(IVI + LPC) treatment group and the single IVI group. All the patients completed the ocular examination including BCVA, slit-lamp test, fundus examination and Optical Coherence Tomography(OCT) test before and after each treatment. There was no statistical difference between the combination treatment group and single IVI group on BCVA(WMD = 0.12,95%CI = -3.54–3.78,p = 0.95),CMT(WMD = -4.40,95%CI = -21.33–12.53,p = 0.61) and NPAs(WMD = 0.01,95%CI = -0.28–0.30,p = 0.94).However, the number of IVI was decreased significantly in the combination treatment group in BRVO patients, compared to that in the single IVI group(WMD = -0.69,95%CI = -1.18∼-0.21,p = 0.005).Conclusion: In the treatment of RVO patients with macular edema, the combination of IVI and retinal LPC neither improves BCVA nor reduces CMT significantly compared with the single IVI treatment. However, the combination treatment can decrease the number of intravitreal injections in patients with BRVO, while it is not observed in CRVO patients.
The cost-effectiveness of different types of educational interventions in type II diabetes mellitus: A systematic review
Authors: Wan Rohimi Wan Nur Liyana Hazwani , Mohd Tahir Nurul Ain 
Published: July 2022

Aims: Educational interventions are effective to improve peoples’ self-efficacy in managing diabetes complications and lifestyle changes. This systematic review aims to assess and compare various aspects of educational interventions and to provide updated pharmacoeconomics data.Methods: Literature searches were conducted using databases such as EBSCOhost, Ovid, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Outcomes such as study characteristics, costs, medication adherence, effectiveness and were narratively summarized, and the quality of each article was assessed.Results: A total of 27 studies were retrieved. The types of educational interventions were classified as face-to-face strategy, structured programs, telemedicine health education, a combination approach, and others. All types of educational interventions (N = 24, 89%) were reported to be cost-effective. The cost-effectiveness of the other two studies was considered to be not cost-effective while the outcome of one study could not be determined. The majority of the studies (N = 24, 89%) had moderate-quality evidence whereas thirteen (48%) studies were regarded to provide high-quality economic evaluations.Conclusion: All types of educational interventions are highly likely to be cost-effective. The quality of economic evaluations is moderate but the most cost-effective types of educational interventions could not be determined due to variations in the reporting and methodological conduct of the study. A high-quality approach, preferably utilizing the societal perspective over a long period, should be standardized to conduct economic evaluations for educational interventions in T2DM.Systematic Review Registration: website, identifier registration number.
Influence of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR)-gamma Coactivator (PGC)-1 alpha gene rs8192678 polymorphism by gender on different health-related parameters in healthy young adults
Authors: Montes-de-Oca-García Adrián , Corral-Pérez Juan , Velázquez-Díaz Daniel , Perez-Bey Alejandro , Rebollo-Ramos María , Marín-Galindo Alberto , Gómez-Gallego Félix , Calderon-Dominguez Maria , Casals Cristina , Ponce-González Jesús G. 
Published: July 2022

This study aimed to analyze the influence of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma coactivator (PGC)-1 alpha (PPARGC1A) gene rs8192678 C&gt;T polymorphism on different health-related parameters in male and female young adults. The PPARGC1A gene rs8192678 polymorphism was ascertained by polymerase chain reaction in 74 healthy adults (28 women; 22.72 ± 4.40 years) from Andalusia (Spain). Health-related variables included cardiometabolic risk, anthropometry and body composition, biochemical parameters, insulin sensitivity (QUICKI and HOMA-IR indexes), blood pressure (BP) at rest and after exercise, diet, basal metabolism, physical activity, maximal fat oxidation, and cardiorespiratory fitness. Our results showed differences by PPARGC1A gene rs8192678 C&gt;T polymorphism in body mass (p= 0.002), body mass index (p= 0.024), lean body mass (p= 0.024), body fat (p= 0.032), waist circumference (p= 0.020), and BP recovery ratio (p&lt; 0.001). The recessive model (CC vs. CT/TT) showed similar results but also with differences in basal metabolism (p= 0.045) and total energy expenditure (p= 0.024). A genotype*sex interaction was found in the QUICKI index (p= 0.016), with differences between CC and CT/TT in men (p= 0.049) and between men and women inside the CT/TT group (p= 0.049). Thus, the PPARGC1A gene rs8192678 C&gt;T polymorphism is associated with body composition, basal metabolism, total energy expenditure, and BP recovery, where the CC genotype confers a protective effect. Moreover, our study highlighted sexual dimorphism in the influence of PPARGC1A gene rs8192678 C&gt;T polymorphism on the QUICKI index.
Lactate Thresholds and the Simulation of Human Energy Metabolism: Contributions by the Cologne Sports Medicine Group in the 1970s and 1980s
Authors: Wackerhage Henning , Gehlert Sebastian , Schulz Henry , Weber Sebastian , Ring-Dimitriou Susanne , Heine Oliver 
Published: July 2022

Today, researchers, practitioners, and physicians measure the concentration of lactate during a graded exercise test to determine thresholds related to the maximal lactate steady state (maxLass) as a sensitive measure of endurance capacity. In the 1970s and 1980s, a group of Cologne-based researchers around Wildor Hollmann, Alois Mader, and Hermann Heck developed the methodology for systematic lactate testing and introduced a 4 mmol.L−1 lactate threshold. Later, they also developed the concept of the maxLass, and Mader designed a sophisticated mathematical model of human energy metabolism during exercise. Mader`s model simulates metabolic responses to exercise based on individual variables such as maximum oxygen uptake (V˙O2max) and the maximal rate of lactate formation (νLa.max). Mader’s model predicts that the νLa.max reduces the power at the anaerobic threshold and endurance performance but that a high νLa.max is required for events with high power outputs in elite athletes. Mader’s model also assumed before the millennium that the rate of fat oxidation is explained by the difference between glycolytic pyruvate synthesis and the actual rate of pyruvate oxidation which is consistent with current opinion. Mader’s model also simulated the V˙O2max slow component in the mid-1980s. Unfortunately, several landmark studies by the Cologne group were only published in German, and as a result, contributions by the Cologne group are under-appreciated in the English-speaking world. This narrative review aims to introduce key contributions of the Cologne group to human metabolism research especially for readers who do not speak German.
Echocardiographic myocardial work in pre-adolescent male basketball players: a comparison with cardiopulmonary exercise test-derived aerobic capacity
Authors: Zhao Kewei , Liu Yu , Dong Lili , Gao Binghong 
Published: July 2022

Background: Pressure-strain loop (PSL) analysis provides a novel, less load-dependent non-invasive method to quantify myocardial work and demonstrates a significant correlation with the contractile reserve in adult athletes. We aim to validate PSL-derived markers in characterizing LV function in pre-adolescent basketball players by comparing results before and after the cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPX) and explore its association with CPX-derived aerobic capacity.Methods: Cardiac morphology and function in 20 pre-adolescent basketball players were assessed at 9.7 years old (9.7 ± 1.1 year) before and after cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Echocardiography was performed in all subjects, including two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE). Simultaneous brachial-cuff-measured blood pressure was recorded to perform PSL analysis.Results: Nineteen subjects were included in the final analysis. Exercise training in pre-adolescent males was associated with lower global work index (GWI) and global work efficiency (GWE) at rest. GWE at stress was significantly correlated with VO2max and peak O2 pulse (p = 0.0122, r = 0.56; p = 0.00122, r = 0.69, respectively). When indexed by body mass, GWI and GWE both significantly correlated with relative VO2max (p = 0.0086 and 0.0011 respectively, r = 0.58 and 0.69 respectively); GWI and GWE at baseline and stress were all significantly correlated with peak O2 pulse (GWI at baseline, p&lt; 0.0001, r = −0.90; GWE at baseline, p&lt; 0.0001, r = −0.89; GWI at stress, p= 0.0289, r = −0.50; GWE at stress, p&lt; 0.0001, r = −0.83).Conclusion: PSL-analysis-derived GWI and GWE at rest indexed by body mass are associated with cardiopulmonary exercise test-derived peak oxygen consumption and oxygen pulse in pre-adolescent athletes.
Gender difference in effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching on flexibility and stiffness of hamstring muscle
Authors: Yu Suiqing , Lin Lihua , Liang Hongying , Lin Ming , Deng Weixin , Zhan Xinshu , Fu Xihua , Liu Chunlong 
Published: July 2022

Objective: This study investigated the acute effects of PNF stretching on hamstring flexibility and muscle stiffness of lower limbs between genders.Methods: 15 male and 15 female university students without any injury histories on lower limbs in the past 3 months were included in this study were selected. All subjects were measured by MyotonPRO before and after stretching to determine the muscle stiffness of the biceps femoris muscle (BF), semitendinosus muscle (ST) of the hamstring and the medial gastrocnemius muscles (MG), lateral gastrocnemius muscles (LG), and the soleus (SOL) of the triceps surae muscles. Additionally, their flexibility was measured using the sit-and-reach test (the SR test) and passive hip range of motion (ROM). Differences based on time (pre-stretching vs. post-stretching) and sex (females vs. males) were assessed using 2 × 2 repeated measures AVONA.Results: There was a significant decrease in the stiffness of the hamstring and triceps surae muscles after stretching (BF, MG, LG, and SOL: p &lt; 0.001; ST: p = 0.003). The muscle stiffness of the hamstring and triceps surae muscles is larger in males than in females at all time points (p &lt; 0.001). There was a significant increase in hip flexion angle and the SR test in males and females after PNF stretching (p &lt; 0.001); However, there was no difference in the change in the muscle stiffness and the flexibility between genders (p &gt; 0.05).Conclusion: PNF stretching helped improve hamstring flexibility and decrease muscle stiffness. Stretching the hamstrings can also contribute to a decrease in the stiffness of the triceps surae muscles. The muscle stiffness of males before and after stretching is always greater than that of females. However, there was no difference in the change of improvement in stretching between genders.
Mu-opioid receptor-dependent transformation of respiratory motor pattern in neonates in vitro
Authors: Gumnit Maia G. , Watters Jyoti J. , Baker Tracy L. , Johnson Sarah M. , Johnson Stephen M. 
Published: July 2022

Endogenous opioid peptides activating mu-opioid receptors (MORs) are part of an intricate neuromodulatory system that coordinates and optimizes respiratory motor output to maintain blood-gas homeostasis. MOR activation is typically associated with respiratory depression but also has excitatory effects on breathing and respiratory neurons. We hypothesized that low level MOR activation induces excitatory effects on the respiratory motor pattern. Thus, low concentrations of an MOR agonist drug (DAMGO, 10–200 nM) were bath-applied to neonatal rat brainstem-spinal cord preparations while recording inspiratory-related motor output on cervical spinal roots (C4-C5). Bath-applied DAMGO (50–200 nM) increased inspiratory motor burst amplitude by 40–60% during (and shortly following) drug application with decreased burst frequency and minute activity. Reciprocal changes in inspiratory burst amplitude and frequency were balanced such that 20 min after DAMGO (50–200 nM) application, minute activity was unaltered compared to pre-DAMGO levels. The DAMGO-induced inspiratory burst amplitude increase did not require crossed cervical spinal pathways, was expressed on thoracic ventral spinal roots (T4-T8) and remained unaltered by riluzole pretreatment (blocks persistent sodium currents associated with gasping). Split-bath experiments showed that the inspiratory burst amplitude increase was induced only when DAMGO was bath-applied to the brainstem and not the spinal cord. Thus, MOR activation in neonates induces a respiratory burst amplitude increase via brainstem-specific mechanisms. The burst amplitude increase counteracts the expected MOR-dependent frequency depression and may represent a new mechanism by which MOR activation influences respiratory motor output.
Subclinical Doses of Combined Fumonisins and Deoxynivalenol Predispose Clostridium perfringens–Inoculated Broilers to Necrotic Enteritis
Authors: Shanmugasundaram R. , Adams D. , Ramirez S. , Murugesan G. R. , Applegate T. J. , Cunningham S. , Pokoo-Aikins A. , Glenn A. E. 
Published: July 2022

Fumonisins (FB) and deoxynivalenol (DON) are mycotoxins which may predispose broiler chickens to necrotic enteritis (NE). The objective of this study was to identify the effects of subclinical doses of combined FB and DON on NE. A total of 480 day-old male broiler chicks were divided into four treatment groups; 1) control group (basal diet + Clostridium perfringens); 2) necrotic enteritis group (basal diet + Eimeria maxima + C. perfringens); 3) FB + DON group (basal diet + 3 mg/kg FB + 4 mg/kg DON + C. perfringens); and 4) FB + DON + NE group (basal diet + 3 mg/kg FB + 4 mg/kg DON + E. maxima + C. perfringens). Birds in NE and FB + DON + NE groups received 2.5 × 103E. maxima on day 14. All birds were inoculated with C. perfringens on days 19, 20, and 21. On day 35, birds in the NE, FB + DON, and FB + DON + NE groups had 242, 84, and 339 g lower BWG and a 19-, 2-, and 22-point increase in FCR respectively, than in the control group. Subclinical doses of FB + DON increased (p &lt; 0.05) the NE lesion scores compared to the control group on day 21. On day 21, birds in the NE, FB + DON, and FB + DON + NE groups had increased (p &lt; 0.05) serum FITC-D, lower (p &lt; 0.05) jejunal tight junction protein mRNA, and increased (p &lt; 0.05) cecal tonsil IL-1 mRNA compared to control group. On day 21, birds in the NE group had decreased (p &lt; 0.05) villi height to crypt depth ratio compared to the control group and the presence of FB + DON in NE-induced birds further decreased the villi height to crypt depth ratio. Birds in the NE, FB + DON, and FB + DON + NE groups had increased (p &lt; 0.05) C. perfringens, lower (p &lt; 0.05) Lactobacillus loads in the cecal content, and a lower (p &lt; 0.05) CD8+: CD4+ cell ratio in the cecal tonsils compared to the control group. It can be concluded that subclinical doses of combined FB and DON predispose C. perfringens-inoculated birds to NE, and the presence of FB + DON in NE-induced birds exacerbated the severity of NE.
Deficiency of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Impairs Digestion, Lipid Synthesis, and Reproduction in the Kissing Bug Rhodnius prolixus
Authors: Moraes Bruno , Braz Valdir , Santos-Araujo Samara , Oliveira Isadora A. , Bomfim Larissa , Ramos Isabela , Gondim Katia C. 
Published: July 2022

Rhodnius prolixus is a hematophagous insect, vector of Chagas disease. After feeding, as blood is slowly digested, amino acids are used as substrates to fuel lipid synthesis, and adult females accumulate lipids in the fat body and produce eggs. In order to evaluate the importance of de novo fatty acid synthesis for this insect metabolism, we generated acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) deficient insects. The knockdown (AccKD) females had delayed blood digestion and a shorter lifespan. Their fat bodies showed reduced de novo lipogenesis activity, did not accumulate triacylglycerol during the days after blood meal, and had smaller lipid droplets. At 10 days after feeding, there was a general decrease in the amounts of neutral lipids and phospholipids in the fat body. In the hemolymph, no difference was observed in lipid composition at 5 days after blood meal, but at day ten, there was an increase in hydrocarbon content and a decrease in phospholipids. Total protein concentration and amino acid composition were not affected. The AccKD females laid 60% fewer eggs than the control ones, and only 7% hatched (89% for control), although their total protein and triacylglycerol contents were not different. Scanning electron microscopy of the egg surface showed that chorion (eggshell) from the eggs laid by the AccKD insects had an altered ultrastructural pattern when compared to control ones. These results show that ACC has a central role in R. prolixus nutrient homeostasis, and its appropriate activity is important to digestion, lipid synthesis and storage, and reproductive success.
Prognostic role of elevated VEGF in sepsis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tang A-ling , Peng Yu , Shen Mei-jia , Liu Xiao-yu , Li Shan , Xiong Meng-chen , Gao Nan , Hu Tian-peng , Zhang Guo-qiang 
Published: July 2022

Background: The incidence and mortality of sepsis are increasing year by year, and there is still a lack of specific biomarkers to predict its prognosis. Prognostic value of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in predicting the severity and mortality of sepsis has been gradually discovered.Methods: Literature was searched through Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI) and Cochrane Library databases in March 2022. Observational studies, evaluating the impact of VEGF in sepsis outcomes (mortality and severity) are included in this meta-analysis. Risk of bias was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Sensitivity and publication bias analyses were also assessed. Meta-regression analysis were performed to identify the potential sources of heterogeneity.Result: A total of 1,574 articles were retrieved from the systematic literature search. We included 20 studies for qualitative and quantitative analysis. Deceased and critically ill patients had higher baseline VEGF levels than survivors and non-severe patients. The pooled sensitivity and specificity for VEGF predicts sepsis mortality were 0.79and 0.76, respectively. the area under the SROC curve was 0.83.Conclusion: High VEGF are associated with poor clinical outcomes for patients diagnosed with sepsis. This study was recorded on PROSPERO, under the registration ID: CRD42022323079.