bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intercolony variation in reproductive skipping in the African penguin
Authors: Leith Freddie W. , Grigg Jennifer L. , Barham Barbara J. , Barham Peter J. , Ludynia Katrin , McGeorge Cuan , Mdluli Andile , Parsons Nola J. , Waller Lauren J. , Sherley Richard B. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn long‐lived species, reproductive skipping is a common strategy whereby sexually mature animals skip a breeding season, potentially reducing population growth. This may be an adaptive decision to protect survival, or a non‐adaptive decision driven by individual‐specific constraints. Understanding the presence and drivers of reproductive skipping behavior can be important for effective population management, yet in many species such as the endangered African penguin (Spheniscus demersus), these factors remain unknown. This study uses multistate mark‐recapture methods to estimate African penguin survival and breeding probabilities at two colonies between 2013 and 2020. Overall, survival (mean ± SE) was higher at Stony Point (0.82 ± 0.01) than at Robben Island (0.77 ± 0.02). Inter‐colony differences were linked to food availability; under decreasing sardine (Sardinops sagax) abundance, survival decreased at Robben Island and increased at Stony Point. Additionally, reproductive skipping was evident across both colonies; at Robben Island the probability of a breeder becoming a nonbreeder was ~0.22, versus ~0.1 at Stony Point. Penguins skipping reproduction had a lower probability of future breeding than breeding individuals; this lack of adaptive benefit suggests reproductive skipping is driven by individual‐specific constraints. Lower survival and breeding propensity at Robben Island places this colony in greater need of conservation action. However, further research on the drivers of inter‐colony differences is needed.
The effect of immunosuppressive therapy on cardiac involvements in anti‐mitochondrial antibody‐positive myositis
Authors: Bujo Satoshi , Amiya Eisuke , Maeda Meiko Hashimoto , Ishida Junichi , Hatano Masaru , Ishizuka Masato , Uehara Masae , Oshima Tsukasa , Kojima Toshiya , Nakanishi Koki , Daimon Masao , Shimizu Jun , Toda Tatsushi , Komuro Issei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimsAnti‐mitochondrial antibody (AMA)‐positive myositis is frequently associated with various cardiac involvements, such as arrhythmia and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. However, the efficacy of immunosuppressive therapy in these complications remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the cardiac response to immunosuppressive therapy in patients with AMA‐positive myositis.Methods and resultsThe clinical data of 15 AMA‐positive myositis patients with cardiac involvement were retrospectively collected at our centre. To evaluate the effects of immunosuppressive therapy, echocardiographic and laboratory data of patients who received glucocorticoid therapy with additional immunosuppressants (n = 6) and those who did not (n = 6) were compared. Also, the characteristics of patients with or without >5% LV ejection fraction (LVEF) decline during the follow‐up period (n = 5 vs. n = 7) were compared. Thirteen patients (87%) had arrhythmias, and eight patients (53%) had LV wall motion abnormalities. Although arrhythmias decreased after treatment, reduced LVEF and LV wall motion abnormalities persisted. Further investigation revealed an increased LV end‐systolic dimension and reduced LVEF in patients without additional immunosuppressive therapy, while those in patients with additional immunosuppressive therapy were maintained. Six of seven patients (86%) without LVEF decline received additional immunosuppressive therapy, whereas no patients with LVEF decline had additional immunosuppressive therapy.ConclusionsCardiac involvement in AMA‐positive myositis may worsen even with glucocorticoid monotherapy, and there might be some associations between the change of LV function and additional immunosuppressive therapy.
Lipid–Protein Oxidation and In Vitro Digestibility of Fermented Turkey Sausages as Affected by Lipid Formulation
Authors: Serdaroğlu Meltem , Öztürk‐Kerimoğlu Burcu , Zungur‐Bastıoğlu Aslı , Kavuşan Hülya Serpil , Ötleş Semih , Özyurt Vasfiye Hazal 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis research investigates the effects of using different lipid formulations (100% beef fat, 85% beef fat+15% olive oil, or 70% beef fat+30% olive oil) in fermented turkey sausages on protein–lipid oxidation, in vitro digestibility, and related quality parameters. The use of olive oil results in decreased fat content, modified fatty acid profile, and increased pH value, acidity, and water activity, besides changes are recorded in instrumental quality and sensory features. Lipid oxidation is higher in samples with 30% olive oil than in the others. Carbonyl content increases depending on oil level and storage time. α‐aminoadipic semialdehyde is only detected in products containing 30% olive oil and their concentrations increased with storage. γ‐glutamic semialdehyde also increases by olive oil inclusion, but decrements are recorded during storage. Increasing olive oil results in increased pepsin digestibility but losses are recorded in both pepsin and trypsin plus α‐chymotrypsin digestion rates during storage.Practical applications: Inclusion of vegetable oils into meat product formulations has been preferred recently to supply healthier products, but in this situation, oxidative deterioration again becomes a considerable problem affecting overall quality. The data obtained from the present work wil contribute to understand the impacts of formulation and processing operations on the formation of oxidation products and change in digestibility, thereby to pioneer further research on this topic.
Geochemistry and U–Pb zircon geochronology of the Jutogh Thrust sheet, Himachal Pradesh, NW‐Himalaya: Implications to the petrogenesis and regional tectonic setting
Authors: Singh Paramjeet , Sethy Pratap Chandra , Singh Athokpam Krishnakanta , Singhal Saurabh , Maurya Ajay Kumar , Giri Sarthak Ranjan 
Published: September 2022

We present datasets of the whole‐rock geochemistry and U–Pb zircon geochronology from the Jutogh Thrust (JT) sheet of eastern Himachal Pradesh, NW Himalaya, in order to explain the tectono‐magmatic environment in which they formed. The metapelite and granitoids of the JT sheet have moderate to high SiO2, Al2O3, Na2O, K2O, and rare earth elements (REE). The A/CNK (Al2O3/CaO + Na2O + K2O) ratio with magnitudes ≥1, indicates the peraluminous nature, calc‐alkaline series, and S‐type granitoids. The high values of Rb and Th as compared to Nb and the negative Ba anomaly also suggest the dominance of crustal source material. The distinct enrichment of large‐ion lithophile elements of Rb, Th, K, Ba and Pb and strong depletion in high‐field‐strength elements (HFSE) of Zr, Nb and Ti results in high incompatible elements/HFSE ratios, which suggest that the source is derived from many intra‐crustal tectonic environments. All samples are well‐fractionated REE patterns [(La/Yb)N = 6.06–17.37] and characterized by moderately flat enriched [(La/Sm)N = 2.31–4.71] of light rare earth elements. The negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.18–0.71), suggest the plagioclase fractionation from the sourced magma and the origin of granitic gneiss through the high temperature (~800°C). The zircon U–Pb ages of granite range between 883.0 ± 15.0 Ma and 1260.0 ± 10.0 Ma, with a consistent peak of ~925.0 Ma. It confirms that the northern edge of the Indian Plate collided with an unnamed microcontinent. Also, in a contemporaneous process, the upper crust underwent partial melting, and the generated magma intruded in an extensional tectonic set‐up of the northern edge (i.e., presently known as the Jutogh and Vaikrita thrust sheets) of the Indian Plate during the Neoproterozoic. The available zircon U–Pb ages of the JT sheet range between 550–2750 Ma. The magmatic nature of zircons, with two peaks of ~825 Ma and ~910 Ma, suggests that episodic magmatic processes have taken place during the Neoproterozoic. This study revealed that the Higher Himalayan Crystalline Sequence was a meta‐sedimentary sequence and was deposited in an active margin set‐up of the northern edge of the Indian Plate.
Age‐matched control or age‐specific template, which is essential for voxel‐wise analysis of cerebral metabolism abnormality in pediatric patients with epilepsy?
Authors: Zhu Yuankai , Ruan Ge , Zou Sijuan , Liu Luoxia , Zhu Xiaohua 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to explore the influences of age‐matched control and/or age‐specific template on voxel‐wise analysis of brain 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F‐FDG PET) data in pediatric epilepsy patients. We, retrospectively, included 538 pediatric (196 females; age range of 12 months to 18 years) and 35 adult subjects (18 females; age range of 20–50 years) without any cerebral pathology as pediatric and adult control group, respectively, as well as 109 pediatric patients with drug‐resistant epilepsy (38 females; age range of 13 months to 18 years) as epilepsy group. Statistical parametric mapping (SPM) analysis for 18F‐FDG PET data of each epilepsy patients was performed in four types of procedures, by using age‐matched controls with age‐specific template, age‐matched controls with adult template, adult controls with age‐specific template or adult controls with adult template. The numbers of brain regions affected by artifacts among these four types of SPM analysis procedures were further compared. Any template being adopted, the artifacts were significantly less in SPM analysis procedures using age‐matched controls than those using adult controls in each age range (p < .001 in each comparison), except in the age range of 15–18 (p > .05 in each comparison). No significant difference was found in artifacts, when compared procedures using the identical control group with different templates (p = 1.000 in each comparison). In conclusion, the age stratification for age‐matched control should be divided as many layers as possible for the SPM analysis of brain 18F‐FDG PET images, especially in pediatric patients ≤14‐year‐old, while age‐specific template is not mandatory.
Pushing the boundaries of evaluation, diffusion, and use of medical devices in Europe: Insights from the COMED project
Authors: Torbica Aleksandra , Tarricone Rosanna , Schreyögg Jonas , Drummond Mike 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe field of medical devices has attracted considerable interest from scholarly research in health economics in recent years. Medical devices are indispensable tools for quality health care delivery, but their assessment and appropriate use pose significant challenges to healthcare systems. More research is needed to overcome existing gaps associated with evaluation of digital technologies, address challenges in the use of real‐world data in generating evidence for decision‐making and to uncover drivers of variation in access to medical devices across countries. Furthermore, the translation of the results and recommendations stemming from research projects into health technology assessment practices needs to be strengthened. The European Union (EU) project COMED aimed to address these gaps by improving existing research and developing new research streams on the methods for evaluation and diffusion of medical devices. The project also intended to provide directly applicable policy advice and tools to inform decision‐making, with the aim of impacting public health in the EU. This Health Economics Supplement, together with references of other published outputs of the project, is intended to be the main source for researchers and policy makers seeking information on the COMED project.
Inflammatory markers at baseline correlate with subsequent clinical response to quetiapine in patients with bipolar disorder
Authors: Ferrari Marco , Godio Marco , Martini Stefano , Callegari Camilla , Cosentino Marco , Marino Franca 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesRecent studies proposed the existence of a correlation between patients' inflammatory status and therapy response in bipolar disorder (BD). Here we investigated the correlation between levels of inflammatory markers and quetiapine (QUE) effects in BD patients.MethodsIn 15 hospitalised BD patients, we investigated changes in inflammatory markers such as C‐Reactive Protein (CRP), Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) and cytokines after a 6‐week treatment with QUE monotherapy.ResultsWe found QUE treatment to significantly reduce CRP and IL‐6 plasma levels. Moreover, we found higher CRP and IL‐6 plasma levels at baseline correlated with better improvement of patients' clinical symptoms.ConclusionThe reported results, although preliminary, could be useful in clinical practice, providing not only markers for QUE response, but also allowing for identification of new targets and new therapies for the treatment of this condition.
Influence of systemic copper toxicity on early development and metamorphosis in Xenopus laevis
Authors: Fort Douglas J. , Todhunter Kevin J. , Wolf Jeffrey C. , Long Kevin , Poland Craig A. , McGrath Micheal , Baken Stijn , Mackie Carol 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe primary objective of the present study was to examine the influence of early systemic toxicity resulting from copper (Cu) exposure on metamorphic processes in Xenopus laevis. A 28‐day exposure study with copper, initiated at developmental stage 10, was performed using test concentrations of 3.0, 9.0, 27.2, 82.5, and 250 μg Cu/L. The primary endpoints included mortality, developmental stage, embryo‐larval malformation, behavioral effects, hindlimb length (HLL), growth (snout‐vent length [SVL] and wet body weight), and histopathology. The 28‐day LC50 value with 95% confidence intervals was 61.2 (51.4–72.9) μg Cu/L with 250 μg Cu/L resulting in complete lethality. Developmental arrest in the 82.5 and delay in the 27.2 μg Cu/L treatments was observed as early as study day 10 continuing throughout the remainder of exposure. SVL‐normalized HLL, body weight, and SVL in the 27.2 and 82.5 μg Cu/L treatments were significantly decreased relative to control. At 82.5 μg Cu/L, and thyroid gland size was markedly reduced when compared with controls consistent with the stage of developmental and growth arrest. Concentration‐dependent findings in the intestine, liver, gills, eyes, and pharyngeal mucosa were consistent with non‐endocrine systemic toxicity. These were prevalent in the 9.0 and 27.2 μg Cu/L treatment groups but were minimally evident or absent in the 82.5 μg/L group, which was attributed to developmental arrest. In conclusion, developmental delay in larvae exposed to 27.2 and 82.5 μg Cu/L was the result of systemic toxicity occurring in early development prior hypothalomo‐pituitary‐thyroid axis (HPT)‐driven metamorphosis and was not indicative of endocrine disruption.
Effects of ceramic additives and bioactive coatings on the degradation of polylactic acid‐based bone scaffolds under hydrolytic conditions
Authors: Donate Ricardo , Monzón Mario , Alemán‐Domínguez María Elena , Rodríguez‐Esparragón Francisco 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPolylactic acid (PLA) has been extensively used for the manufacturing of scaffolds in bone tissue engineering applications. Due to the low hydrophilicity and the acidic degradation process of this biomaterial, different strategies have been proposed to increase the biofunctionality of the support structure. The use of ceramic particles is a generally preferred option to increase the osteoconductivity of the base material, while acting as buffers to maintain the pH level of the surroundings tissues. Surface modification is another approach to overcome the limitations of PLA for tissue engineering applications. In this work, the degradation profile of 3D‐printed PLA scaffolds containing beta‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) particles has been studied under hydrolytic conditions. Composite samples treated with plasma and coated with Aloe vera extracts were also studied to evaluate the effect of this surface modification method. The characterization of the 3D structures included its morphological, calorimetric and mechanical evaluation. According to the results obtained, the proposed composite scaffolds allowed an adequate maintenance of the pH level of the surrounding medium, with no effects observed on the morphology and mechanical properties of these structures. Hence, these samples showed potential to be further investigated as candidates for bone tissue regeneration.
Optimization of density fitting auxiliary Slater‐type basis functions for time‐dependent density functional theory
Authors: Medves Marco , Fronzoni Giovanna , Stener Mauro 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA new set of auxiliary basis function suitable to fit the induced electron density is presented. Such set has been optimized in order to furnish accurate absorption spectra using the complex polarizability algorithm of time‐dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). An automatic procedure has been set up, able, thanks to the definition of suitable descriptors, to evaluate the resemblance of the auxiliary basis‐dependent calculated spectra with respect to a reference. In this way, it has been possible to reduce the size of the basis set maximizing the basis set accuracy. Thanks to the choice to employ a collection of molecules for each element, such basis has proven transferable to molecules outside the collection. The final sets are therefore much more accurate and smaller than the previously optimized ones and have been already included in the database of the last release of the AMS suite of programs. The availability of the present new set will allow to improve drastically the applicability range of the polTDDFT method with higher accuracy and less computational effort.
Extracellular vesicles from colorectal cancer cells promote metastasis via the NOD1 signalling pathway
Authors: Wei Xiduan , Ye Jingjia , Pei Yameng , Wang Chunting , Yang Hongzhen , Tian Jingyuan , Si Guangxu , Ma Yao , Wang Kun , Liu Gang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPattern‐recognition receptors (PRRs) have been shown to promote tumour metastasis via sensing tumour cell‐derived small extracellular vesicles (EVs). Nucleotide‐binding oligomerisation domain 1 (NOD1), a cytoplasmic PRR, plays a role in colorectal cancer (CRC) by detecting bacterial products. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the effects of NOD1, following identification of CRC cell‐derived EVs (CRC‐EVs), to potentiate CRC liver metastasis (CRC‐LM), remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that CRC‐EVs activate NOD1 in macrophages to initiate secretion of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. NOD1‐activated macrophages also promote CRC cell migration, while in a murine model of liver metastasis (LM), NOD1‐deficient mice exhibit reduced metastasis following CRC‐EV treatment. Furthermore, cell division cycle 42 (CDC42), a small Rho guanosine‐5′‐triphosphate (GTP)ase, is delivered by CRC‐EVs into macrophages where it activates NOD1. In addition, EVs from the plasma of patients with CRC‐LM mediate NOD1 activation in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Moreover, high NOD1 expression in tumour tissues is associated with poor prognosis of CRC‐LM. Our findings suggest that CRC‐EVs activate NOD1 to promote tumour metastasis, thus, NOD1 may serve as a potential target in the diagnosis and treatment of CRC‐LM.
Forest formulas of discrete Green's functions
Authors: Chung Fan , Zeng Ji 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe discrete Green's functions are the pseudoinverse (or the inverse) of the Laplacian (or its variations) of a graph. In this article, we will give combinatorial interpretations of Green's functions in terms of enumerating trees and forests in a graph that will be used to derive further formulas for several graph invariants. For example, we show that the trace of the Green's function associated with the combinatorial Laplacian of a connected simple graph on vertices satisfies where denotes the eigenvalues of the combinatorial Laplacian, denotes the number of spanning trees, and denotes the set of rooted spanning 2‐forests in . We will prove forest formulas for discrete Green's functions for directed and weighted graphs and apply them to study random walks on graphs and digraphs. We derive a forest expression of the hitting time for digraphs, which gives combinatorial proofs to old and new results about hitting times, traces of discrete Green's functions, and other related quantities.
Decreased frequency of a novel T‐lymphocyte subset, CD3+CD4−CD7+CD57− T cells, in hepatitis B virus‐related end‐stage liver disease might contribute to disease progression
Authors: Yu Xueping , Zheng Yijuan , Zeng Dawu , Zhou Yongjun , Sun Jian , Su Milong , Zhang Huatang , Zheng Minhui , Huang Zhipeng , Lin Wenwu , Mao Richeng , Zhang Jiming , Zheng Chunfu , Su Zhijun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCD7 and CD57 are related to the differentiation and functional stages of CD8+ T cells. However, the role of their combined presence in CD8+ T cells in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, especially those with end‐stage liver disease, remains unclear. Blood samples from healthy volunteers and patients with chronic hepatitis B were analyzed via Luminex assay and ELISA to measure plasma cytokine levels. Further, recombinant IL‐22 was used to stimulate peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy volunteers, and the frequency of CD3+CD4−CD7+CD57− T cells and apoptosis rates were investigated via flow cytometry. Patients with end‐stage liver disease, particularly those with acute to chronic liver failure, showed decreased CD3+CD4−CD7+CD57− T cell frequency. Furthermore, the prevalence of CD3+CD4−CD7+CD57− T cells was negatively correlated with disease severity, prognosis, and complications (ascites). We also observed that IL‐22 promoted apoptosis and brought about a decrease in the number of CD3+CD4−CD7+CD57− T cells in a dose‐dependent manner. CD3+CD4−CD7+CD57− T cells displayed a B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA)highCD25highCD127high immunosuppressive phenotype and showed low interferon‐γ, tumor necrosis factor‐α, granzyme A, and perforin expression levels. The present findings will elucidate the pathogenesis of HBV‐related end‐stage liver disease and aid the identification of novel drug targets.
Functional connectivity of the central autonomic and default mode networks represent neural correlates and predictors of individual personality
Authors: Li Yating , Cai Huanhuan , Li Xueying , Qian Yinfeng , Zhang Cun , Zhu Jiajia , Yu Yongqiang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThere is solid evidence for the prominent involvement of the central autonomic and default mode systems in shaping personality. However, whether functional connectivity of these systems can represent neural correlates and predictors of individual variation in personality traits is largely unknown. Resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging data of 215 healthy young adults were used to construct the sympathetic (SN), parasympathetic (PN), and default mode (DMN) networks, with intra‐ and internetwork functional connectivity measured. Personality factors were assessed using the five‐factor model. We examined the associations between personality factors and functional network connectivity, followed by performance of personality prediction based on functional connectivity using connectome‐based predictive modeling (CPM), a recently developed machine learning approach. All personality factors (neuroticism, extraversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness) other than openness were significantly correlated with intra‐ and internetwork functional connectivity of the SN, PN, and DMN. Moreover, the CPM models successfully predicted conscientiousness and agreeableness at the individual level using functional network connectivity. Our findings may expand existing knowledge regarding the neural substrates underlying personality.