bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experiences of working as early career allied health professionals and doctors in rural and remote environments: a qualitative systematic review
Authors: Dymmott Alison , George Stacey , Campbell Narelle , Brebner Chris 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Maintaining a health professional workforce in rural and remote areas poses a significant challenge internationally. A range of recruitment and retention strategies have had varying success and these are generally developed from the collective experience of all health professions, rather than targeted to professional groups with differing educational and support contexts. This review explores, compares and synthesises the evidence examining the experience of early career rural and remote allied health professionals and doctors to better understand both the profession specific, and common factors that influence their experience.

Methods
Qualitative studies that include early career allied health professionals’ or doctors’ experiences of working in rural or remote areas and the personal and professional factors that impact on this experience were considered. A systematic search was completed across five databases and three grey literature repositories to identify published and unpublished studies. Studies published since 2000 in English were considered. Studies were screened for inclusion and critically appraised by two independent reviewers. Data was extracted and assigned a level of credibility. Data synthesis adhered to the JBI meta-aggregative approach.

Results
Of the 1408 identified articles, 30 papers were eligible for inclusion, with one rated as low in quality and all others moderate or high quality. A total of 23 categories, 334 findings and illustrations were aggregated into three synthesised findings for both professional groups including: making a difference through professional and organisational factors, working in rural areas can offer unique and rewarding opportunities for early career allied health professionals and doctors, and personal and community influences make a difference. A rich dataset was obtained and findings illustrate similarities including the need to consider personal factors, and differences, including discipline specific supervision for allied health professionals and local supervision for doctors.

Conclusions
Strategies to enhance the experience of both allied health professionals and doctors in rural and remote areas include enabling career paths through structured training programs, hands on learning opportunities, quality supervision and community immersion.

Systematic review registration number
PROSPERO CRD42021223187.
A unique Levey–Jennings control chart used for internal quality control in human papillomavirus detection
Authors: Peng Peiyi , Peng Xuehong , Jiao Xiaoyang , Chen Nuan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective
The purpose of this study was to provide an updated estimate of the prevalences of different types of human papillomavirus (HPV) in females in Chaoshan District and to establish an internal quality control (IQC) method for excluding false-positive results in HPV detection by using the Levey–Jennings control chart.

Method
HPV types were detected in 23,762 cervical samples by using PCR membrane hybridization. The means and standard deviations (SDs) of the positive rates were calculated, the Levey–Jennings chart was plotted, and the rules for “out of control” and “warning” were established. A set of standardized IQC for HPV DNA tests was developed based on the values and Levey–Jennings charts.

Result
In 466 batches, the positive rate exceeded the 1 + 2SD rule 24 times, but there was no consecutive exceedance, which was considered “in control”. When the positive rate exceeded the 1 + 3SD rule 8 times with consecutive exceedance, it was considered “out of control”. Further examination revealed that detections showing “out of control” had an undesirable random error, indicating that contamination may occur due to improper operation.

Conclusion
This unique Levey–Jennings control chart is a practical method for eliminating false-positive results in HPV DNA detection and should be widely applicable in molecular diagnostic laboratories.
Injury incidence and specific injury patterns in app-based bodyweight training (Freeletics): results of an international survey with 3668 participants
Authors: Hertel G. , Hochrein A. , Suren C. , Minzlaff P. , Banke I. J. , Willers J. , von Eisenhart-Rothe R. , Prodinger P. M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to analyze incidences and sport-specific injury patterns among users of a bodyweight-based training method instructed by a smartphone app (Freeletics Bodyweight App).MethodsAn online questionnaire based on current validated epidemiological observation methods was designed using the statistic website Surveymonkey. Subscribers of theFreeletics Bodyweight Appwere contacted via an online link. Injury incidence, defined as an event leading to a training pause of at least 1 day, was recorded. The type of injury was reported and classified. Furthermore, all participants were asked whether they recognized any positive or negative effects on their subjective health status. The collected data were analyzed usingSurveymonkeystatistic services.ResultsA total of 4365Freeleticsusers responded to the questionnaire, 3668 completed forms were subject of further investigation. The injury period prevalence reported by users of theFreeletics Appwas 24% in men and 21% in women. The most frequently reported site of injury was the shoulder (29%) and the knee joint (28%), with strains (28.5%) and other muscle injuries (14.4%) being the most frequently reported types of injuries. An injury incidence rate of 4.57 per 1000 h was calculated, with injuries occurring less frequently in experienced users. Most participants reported a distinct positive effect of the app-based training on their health status.ConclusionIn comparison to other sports activities app-based bodyweight training is associated with a comparably low injury period prevalence. The vast majority of injuries were reported to have resolved within one week.
A robust framework to investigate the reliability and stability of explainable artificial intelligence markers of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Lombardi Angela , Diacono Domenico , Amoroso Nicola , Biecek Przemysław , Monaco Alfonso , Bellantuono Loredana , Pantaleo Ester , Logroscino Giancarlo , De Blasi Roberto , Tangaro Sabina , Bellotti Roberto 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn clinical practice, several standardized neuropsychological tests have been designed to assess and monitor the neurocognitive status of patients with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease. Important research efforts have been devoted so far to the development of multivariate machine learning models that combine the different test indexes to predict the diagnosis and prognosis of cognitive decline with remarkable results. However, less attention has been devoted to the explainability of these models. In this work, we present a robust framework to (i) perform a threefold classification between healthy control subjects, individuals with cognitive impairment, and subjects with dementia using different cognitive indexes and (ii) analyze the variability of the explainability SHAP values associated with the decisions taken by the predictive models. We demonstrate that the SHAP values can accurately characterize how each index affects a patient’s cognitive status. Furthermore, we show that a longitudinal analysis of SHAP values can provide effective information on Alzheimer’s disease progression.
Development of pre-service early childhood teachers’ technology integrations skills through a praxeological approach
Authors: Kulaksız Taibe , Toran Mehmet 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHow to improve and what should be carried out for pre-service teachers’ technological competencies for teaching purposes is still an important issue on the agenda of the higher education field. In light of this, we aimed to reflect the individual and collective technology integration knowledge and skills construction process of pre-service early childhood education teachers with democratic participation. We utilized the praxeological approach as a method and learning approach to reveal the reflections of the instructional technologies course. The participants in this study were 52 sophomore pre-service teachers in the early childhood education department. We collected the data from various sources such as interviews, portfolios, researchers’ field notes, e-mails, online course evaluation form. We carried out the thematic analysis method to analyze the data. The findings indicated that three main themes emerged as initial challenges, learning process, and learning outcomes during enhancement of pre-service early childhood teachers' technology integration knowledge and skills. As a result, the praxeological approach used in instructional technologies courses in teacher education programs leads to a crucial digital transformation to be ready to become future teachers.
Efficient Preparation of AppDNA/AppRNA by T4 DNA Ligase Aided by a DNA Involving Mismatched Mini-Hairpin Structure at Its 3′ Side
Authors: Luo Jian , Chen Hui , An Ran , Liang Xingguo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Preparation of adenylated DNA, which has wide applications, is a great challenge because the obtained AppDNA is usually quickly ligated to the 3′-OH at the nick. Here, by using an Aid-DNA with a mini-hairpin structure at its 3′ terminal, involving a 3–4-bp stem and a 3-nt loop, high adenylation yield (&gt;90%) for most target sequences is obtained with no ligation by-products. The 5′ side of the Aid-DNA is complementary to the DNA to be adenylated, and forms a pseudo-nick after hybridization. T4 DNA ligase, the most popular ligase, can complete the adenylation. By investigating the effects of stem lengths, types of mismatched base pairs, and reaction conditions, we found that both a short stem and the mismatched base pair at 3′ end are essential to avoid ligation. More interestingly, the adenylation can be efficiently carried out even when another mismatched base pair flanks the 5′ side of the nick, and the ligation is completely inhibited. Thus, adenylation of a DNA becomes simple just by changing the Aid-DNA sequence at the 5′ side. This approach is also proved applicable for RNA adenylation, although the DNA ligase is used. Our finding is also helpful for understanding detailed mechanism of DNA ligation.
An Efficient Protocol for Selective Silylation of Hydroxy Group Using N,O-Bis(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)acetamide and N,N-Dimethyl-4-aminopyridine N-Oxide
Authors: Mandai Hiroki , Matsuura Yuichiro , Johari Fatin Mahfuzah Binti , Mitsudo Koichi , Suga Seiji 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
An efficient method for the silylation of alcohols was developed using N,O-bis(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)acetamide (BTBSA) and 3 mol % of N,N-dimethyl-4-aminopyridine N-oxide (DMAPO). Monosilylation of 1,2-diols was successfully achieved with high chemoselectivity. In addition, several control experiments revealed that a phenolic hydroxy group was silylated much faster than a primary alcohol in both an inter- and intramolecular manner. The reactivity toward silylation under these systems might stem from the pKa of the hydroxy group.
Trends and correlates of hardcore smoking in India: findings from the Global Adult Tobacco Surveys 1 & 2
Authors: Veena Kattiyeri Puthenveedu , Mathews Elezebeth , Kodali Prakash Babu , Thankappan Kavumpurathu Raman 
Published: July 2022

Background: Data on the prevalence of hardcore smoking (HCS) among different socioeconomic status (SES) groups in low- and middle-income countries are limited. We looked at the prevalence and pattern of HCS in India with the following objectives: 1) to analyse the association between SES and HCS, 2) to find trends in HCS in different SES groups and 3) to find state-wide variations in hardcore smoking. Methods: Data of individuals aged ≥25 years from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) India 2009-10 (N= 9223) and 2016-17 (N= 7647) were used for this study. If an individual met all the following criteria: (1) current smoker, (2) smokes 10 or more cigarettes/day, (3) smokes first puff within 30 minutes after waking up, (4) no quit attempt in the last 12 months, and (5) no intention to quit at all or in the next 12 months, s/he was identified as a hardcore smoker. Multiple regression analysis was done to find the factors associated with HCS. Results: Prevalence of HCS decreased from 3% in GATS 1 to 2.1% in GATS 2: males from 5.6% to 3.9% and females from 0.3% to 0.2%. Compared to the richest group the poorest, poor and those who belonged to the middle-income group were more likely to report HCS in GATS 1 and 2. However, only in the poorest SES group, there was an increase in the proportion of hardcore smokers in GATS 2 compared to GATS 1. Other factors that were significantly associated with HCS in both surveys were male gender, working adults, those with lower education, and households without any rules for smoking inside the home. Conclusions: Tobacco control and cessation efforts need to focus on individuals of poor SES groups, particularly in the high prevalence Indian states.
benefits of component-resolved diagnosis in diagnostics of peanut allergy
Authors: Choina Magdalena , Gromek Weronika , Marzęda Magdalena , Lishchuk-Yakymovych Khrystyna , Majsiak Emilia 
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Why can a peanut allergy cause exceptionally severe reactions, but not to everyone? Is there a way to identify patients who might experience these reactions? What is molecular diagnostics of allergy and what are the benefits of diagnosing patients at risk of anaphylaxis after consuming peanuts?
Purpose: The aim of the study is to show the benefits of molecular diagnostics of allergies based on the example of peanut allergy.Description of the state of knowledge: The diagnosis of peanut allergy is based on the assessment of the clinical presentation. The gold diagnostic standard is to perform a food challenge for suspected allergen. The following tests are helpful in diagnosis: skin tests or determination of allergen-specific E antibodies (asIgE) in blood serum. Until recently, the determination of asIgE concentration was possible only for allergen extracts. A milestone in diagnosing allergies is a serological diagnosis based on allergen molecules. The possibility of testing individual molecules increases the sensitivity and specificity of peanut allergy diagnostics and allows to indicate the risk of anaphylaxis in individual patients.Summary: Molecular diagnostics in individuals with peanut allergy make it possible to determine the individual patient’s allergy profile and indicate the risk of anaphylaxis. The information obtained with the help of this tool allows for precise therapeutic recommendations for people allergic to peanuts. Such diagnostics is a step towards personalized medicine in allergology.
Keywords: allergy; molecular diagnostics of allergy; allergen-specific E antibodies; asIgE
What affects chronic lithium poisoning in psychiatric patients? - a case report
Authors: Pożarowska Kinga , Rudziński Gracjan , Brzuszkiewicz Kinga , Tchórz Michał 
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCTION: Despite medical developments, drug poisoning still occurs. Lithium is a drug that has been used for more than 60 years as a mood stabilizer in the treatment and prevention of bipolar disorder, mania and recurrent depression. Lithium is the most commonly prescribed mood stabilizer. It has a narrow therapeutic index. Its target concentration in acute mania should be 0.6-1.5 mEq/L and 0.6-0.8 mEq/L for maintenance therapy. Because of this, there is a risk of lithium intoxication. We would like to present to you the case of a patient with chronic lithium poisoning.
MATERIALS AND METHOD: Patient information was collected from hospital records available in the clinical toxicology department. In addition, we conducted a literature review on lithium treatment, its toxicity, side effects and pharmacokinetics using PubMed.
CASE REPORT: The patient, 58, was referred for lithium poisoning and admitted to the Clinical Toxicology and Cardiology Department in Lublin for treatment. The patient had a previous diagnosis of bipolar affective disorder, hypertension and obesity. According to the history, the patient was admitted to the psychiatric ward due to deterioration of her mental state for a month. She was found to have a high lithium level -2.98 mmol/L and elevated renal function parameters-creatinine 2.13 mg/dl. During treatment with hemodialysis, these parameters returned to normal.
CONCLUSION: It is important to remember that lithium has a narrow therapeutic range. Attention should be paid during lithium treatment to situations that increase the risk of adverse effects and the development of toxicity, and serum lithium concentrations should be monitored during treatment.
The problem of anemia in elderly patients
Authors: Nieciecka Adrianna , Paszkowska Aleksandra , Kędziora-Kornatowska Kornelia , Lamch Magdalena , Jabłońska Monika , Janiszewska Marta , Błasik Natalia , Groszyk Patryk 
Published: July 2022

Introduction and purpose:
As healthcare develops, life expectancy increases. This makes anemia of the elderly an increasingly common problem. The appearance of this disease is influenced by many factors related to the aging process of the organism. The purpose of this study is to review information about the different mechanisms of anemia development in the elderly and to present the associated difficulties in medical practice.
Description of the state of knowledge:
Many different factors can affect the process of anemia. The causes of this disorder include chronic inflammatory diseases, cancer and nutritional deficiencies. Endocrine status is also important. The chronic inflammatory process may induce haemolysis and lead to the increased synthesis of hepcidin, which by blocking the activity of ferroportin leads to a decrease in the level of iron ions in the blood. Deficiency anemia often results from reduced appetite, inadequate quality of meals, chronic inflammation or taking medications without consulting a doctor. The consequence is a reduced level of iron and vitamin B12 and folic acid, which play a role in erythropoiesis. The hormones that play a significant role in the process of making red blood cells include erythropoietin, testosterone and thyroid hormones.
Summary:
Anemia is a common problem among geriatric patients and one of the factors contributing to the increase in mortality in this age group. In medical care it is difficult to distinguish which symptoms are pathological and which are related to the natural aging process, overlapping symptoms of many diseases and related diagnostic problems. Diagnostics is a particular challenge due to the multi-morbidity, which is associated with taking many drugs with different mechanisms of action and side effects.
Keywords: anemia; aging; comorbidity; nutrient-deficiency anemia; inflammation
Eksplorasi Desain Logo Kawasan Edu Wisata Herbal Batu
Authors: Umilia Ema 
Published: July 2022

Eduwisata merupakan salah satu potensi pariwisata di Kota Batu yang perlu dikembangkan untuk meningkatkan nilai edukasi dan perekonomian di sekitarnya. Pengembangan eduwisata herbal di Kecamatan Batu masih sebatas pengembangan agrowisata perkebunan buah-buahan, sedangkan terdapat potensi lain berupa tanaman herbal/biofarmaka yang juga dapat dikembangkan menjadi agrowisata. Dalam perencanaan kawasan Eduwisata Herbal di Kota Batu ini perlu adanya eksplorasi terhadap desain logo menggunakan elemen grafis yang nantinya dapat digunakan untuk branding Kawasan Eduwisata Kota Batu. Sehingga Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah eksplorasi desain logo Eduwisata herbal di Kota Batu untuk branding Kawasan Eduwisata Kota Batu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi pustaka dan komparasi terhadap beberapa desain logo untuk mendapatkan hasil berupa desain logo yang sesuai dengan keinginan dan melambangkan identitas diri Kawasan Eduwisata Herbal Batu. Adapun elemen grafis yang dikembangkan berupa logo yang dibuat dengan beberapa langkah yang disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan eduwisata herbal oro-oro ombo, menghasilkan logo yang memiliki makna disetiap elemennya yaitu daun yang berarti herbal, tiga huruf “o” yang berarti oro oro ombo, serta bentuk menyambung yang bermaksud sustainable terhadap lingkungan, sosial dan ekonomi, serta bentuk huruf “o” yang berbasis lingkaran melambangkan eduwisata herbal yang lengkap.
Alat Monitoring Temperatur, Salinitas, dan Oksigen Terlarut Berbasis IoT pada Budi Daya Tambak Bandeng di Desa Kemangi Kabupaten Gresik
Authors: Indriawati Katherin 
Published: July 2022

Desa Kemangi yang terletak di Kabupaten Gresik Jawa Timur merupakan salah satu desa yang mata pencaharian masyarakatnya adalah sebagai petani tambak. Bandeng merupakan hasil utama masyarakat Desa Kemangi yang pengelolaan dan monitoringnya masih dilakukan secara konvensional. Pada paper ini, diuraikan hasil kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat berbasis penelitian untuk memonitor parameter kualitas air tambak berupa temperatur, salinitas, dan oksigen terlarut (DO). Alat yang digunakan untuk memonitor kualitas air tambak ini dapat bekerja secara realtime dan dilengkapi dengan fitur internet of thing (IoT) sehingga hasilnya dapat diakses lewat smartphone. Alat monitoring yang telah dibuat tersebut dibagikan pada saat kegiatan penyuluhan kepada para petambak. Berdasarkan hasil kuesioner yang diberikan pada bagian akhir penyuluhan, diperoleh informasi bahwa semua peserta cukup memahami cara penggunaan dan perawatan alat monitoring kualitas air tambak ini.

Kata Kunci: Kualitas Air, Tambak, Alat Monitoring, Salinitas, IoT
Pemanfaatan Potensi Sungai Irigasi untuk Penerangan Jalan Desa dengan Menggunakan Turbin Air Crossflow di Kelurahan Candirenggo Kec.Singosari, Kab Malang
Authors: Mirmanto Heru , Anzip Arino , Noor Dedy Zulhidayat , Akbar Ilham 
Published: July 2022

Pada saat ini keberadaan energi fosil semakin hari semakin menipis, untuk itu konsep Renewable Energy diharapkan mampu memberikan kontribusi sebagai sumber energi alternatif. Salah satunya Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikro Hidro (PLTMH) menggunakan Turbin air crossflow. Turbin ini sangat sederhana dan mudah perawatannya, begitupula Head dan debit yang tidak terlalu besar, sehingga cocok digunakan untuk memanfaatkan saluran irigasi di daerah pegunungan sebagai sumber energi listrik alternatif untuk penerangan jalan desa. Penelitian ini menggunakan turbin air breastshot cross flow dengan diameter rotor D = 500 mm, sudu terbuat dari separuh pipa PVC Æ = 4” dengan variasi jumlah sudu 12 dan 6. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa jumlah rotor 12 blade mempunyai performance yang lebih baik dibanding 6 blade, yaitu Power 75,07 Watt; Torsi = 3,53 Nm; dan efisiensi = 31,42 % pada putaran 261 rpm