bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MARGUERITE YOURCENAR - PROFISSÃO: ESCRITORA
Authors: Rezende Heleno Alex 
Published: November 2022

Marguerite Yourcenar é uma escritora que esteve sempre atenta à sua obra. Dos cuidados com a escrita dos prefácios dos romances publicados e demais textos de sua autoria, passando pela atenção ao seu discurso durante as entrevistas concedidas, pela observação e crítica do que se publicava em revistas e jornais sobre sua vida e sua obra, até a presença marcante do eu-escritor em suas cartas, Yourcenar se delineia enquanto escritora. Para chegar a essa imagem, a esse personagem cuidadosamente construído, a autora realiza um trabalho de apagamento do íntimo. Portanto, esse artigo apontará e discutirá, a partir da correspondência de Yourcenar, a construção e à mise-en-scène do escritor yourcenariano.
Referências
BLANCKEMAN, Bruno. L’enseigne et le laboratoire: Marguerite Yourcenar épistolère. In: L’épistolaire au féminin - correspondance de femmes (XVIIIe-XXe siècle). (Actes du Colloque de Cerisy-La-Salle, 1er – 5 octobre 2003). DIAZ, Brigitte, SIESS, Jürgen (dir.). Centre de recherche « Textes/Histoire/Langage » Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, 2006. (p. 179-191)
BLANCKEMAN, Bruno. De la pragmatique du courrier à la poétique de la lettre dans la correspondance de Marguerite Yourcenar. In: Le(s) style(s) de Marguerite Yourcenar. Textes réunis et présentés par May Chehab. Clermont-Ferrand, SIEY, 2015. p. 225-234.
BONALI-FIQUET, Françoise. La romancière et sa traductrice : la correspondance de Marguerite Yourcenar avec Lidia Storoni Mazzolani. In: ______. L’épistolaire au féminin - correspondance de femmes (XVIIIe-XXe siècle). (Actes du Colloque de Cerisy-La-Salle, 1er – 5 octobre 2003). DIAZ, Brigitte, SIESS, Jürgen (dir.). Centre de recherche « Textes/Histoire/Langage » Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, 2006. p.122-133.
BRAMI, Joseph; SARDE, Michèle. Préface. In: YOURCENAR, Marguerite. Persévérer dans l’être: correspondance 1961-1963 (D’Hadrien à Zénon, III). Texte établi et annoté par Joseph Brami et Rémy Poignault, avec la collaboration de Maurice Delcroix, Colette Gaudin et Michèle Sarde. Préface de Joseph Brami et Michèle Sarde. France : Gallimard, 2011. p. 7-25.
CASTELLANI, Jean-Pierre. Marguerite Yourcenar, citoyenne du monde. 110e Anniversaire de la Naissancede Marguerite Yourcenar. In: Mémoires de l’Académie des Sciences, Arts et Belles-Lettres de Touraine, tome 25, p. 93-108, 2012.
COUDREUSE, Anne. Le Refus du pathos dans la correspondance de Marguerite Yourcenar. In: La lettre et L’Oeuvre – correspondances de Marguerite Yourcenar. Actes du colloque international organisé à l’Université du Sud Toulon-Var les 9 et 10 décembre 2004. Textes réunis par André-Alain Morello. Paris, Honoré Champion Éditeur, 2009. p. 93-108.
DIAZ, Brigitte. L’épistolaire, ou la pensée nomade. Paris: Universitaires de France, 2002.
DIAZ, Brigitte. Avant-Propos. In: ______. L’épistolaire au féminin - correspondance de femmes (XVIIIe-XXe siècle). (Actes du Colloque de Cerisy-La-Salle, 1er – 5 octobre 2003). DIAZ, Brigitte, SIESS, Jürgen (dir.). Centre de recherche « Textes/Histoire/Langage » Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, 2006. p. 7-12.
INCONSCIENTE INTERTEXTUAL
Authors: Almeida Sandra , Miotti Charlene 
Published: November 2022

Créditos da tradução

A tradução deste artigo foi realizada pelo curso de Letras-Bacharelado em Tradução da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, no âmbito do Estágio Supervisionado de Tradução-Inglês, coordenado e supervisionado pela Profª. Drª. Sandra Aparecida Faria de Almeida, do Departamento de Letras Estrangeiras Modernas, e dela participaram os alunos: Carla Amorim Pereira, Gabriela Detoni Rodrigues, Gabriela Ragazzi Baptista Bulgarelli, Isadora Souza Aruante, Luana Campos Leal Rodrigues, Paulo Henrique Migliorelli Ribeiro e Vinicius Moraes Tiago. O estabelecimento do texto final e a revisão técnica foram realizados pela Profª. Drª. Charlene Martins Miotti, do Departamento de Letras da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora.
Dispersion crépusculaire des sarcelles d’hiver Anas crecca crecca L. en recherche de nourriture
Authors: Tamisier Alain 
Published: November 2022

Une petite population de Sarcelles d’hiver Anas crecca crecca L. (effectifs sur la figure 1). stationnée pendant la journée sur le marais du St-Sérèn, en Camargue, France, est suivie dans ses déplacements crépusculaires vers les lieux de nourriture afin d’analyser le déterminisme de l’horaire et de la direction de ces vols, et de connaître l’emplacement de ces lieux de nourriture.
Les vols de l’aube, partiellement observés, permettent de contrôler les observations du soir.
L’heure du passage des vols crépusculaires les plus fréquents et les plus abondants (figure 2, bande noire), est fonction : de l’heure du coucher du soleil considérée comme temps zéro, de la saison et des conditions météorologiques. La figure 3 relate les heures du passage des vols de l’aube les plus importants (l’heure du lever du soleil est ici considérée comme temps zéro).
Ces vols crépusculaires sont motivés par un facteur ultime, le besoin de nourriture. Ils sont généralement déclenchés par des facteurs proximaux, essentiellement un certain seuil lumineux au-delà duquel les sarcelles ne restent plus sur les lieux de repos diurnes. Dans certains cas, l’intensité de ces facteurs proximaux diminue ou s’annule. C’est alors le facteur ultime qui déclenche directement l’envol vers les lieux de nourriture.
Les directions prises au départ du marais varient légèrement selon la période (septembre et octobre, figure 4, et novembre à mars, figure 5). Les vols de retour, de novembre à mars, (figure 6) se font sur les mêmes axes principaux que les vols du soir. Les zones atteintes le soir par les Sarcelles sont situées à l’intérieur du périmètre tracé sur la figure 7 (large trait noir).
Le choix de la direction est dicté par 3 conditions que requièrent les sarcelles en recherche de nourriture : faible profondeur d’eau, présence de nourriture, et couvert végétal.
Interactions entre la végétation épigée d’une luzernière et des populations enclose ou non enclose de Microtus Arvalis Pallas
Authors: Spitz F. 
Published: November 2022

From June 1st to October 15, 1966 the net alfalfa production and the densities and structures of two natural populations of Common Voles have been studied in Vendée, Western France. The areas compared, all located in the same area, were : (1) an enclosed alfalfa field harboring a vole population whose density was 150 voles/ha at the beginning of the experiment, and (2) a second open alfalfa field where a vole population of the same density lived. Another field (Al-4) free of voles was used as a control area.
The increase in population density was greater in the enclosed quadrat than in the non-enclosed field, due to emigration impediment. In the enclosure the seasonal increase of sexually active males was much greater than in the control area, while sexually inactive males remained much scarcer. Similarly, the number of lactating females increased continuously in the enclosure, whereas their numbers dropped in early autumn in the control field. However the production of young voles remained smaller in the enclosure than in the control area throughout the summer. The causes of this reproductive failure are discussed.
The trophic impact of the vole population upon the alfalfa production is small in the non-enclosed field — as shown by the comparison of the standing crop biomasses with those of the vole-free enclosures. But the voles exert a strong influence on the quality of the vegetation : when present the alfalfa stems are less numerous but thicker, and the ratio leaves/stems is smaller.
The ecological efficiency of the Common vole is poor. Out of 350.000 g/ha of alfalfa eaten during 4 months within the enclosure, only 12.000 g/ha were «invested» into the vole population at the end of the experiment.
Observations préliminaires sur les Oligochètes
Authors: Vincent Jean-Paul 
Published: November 2022

Population density and biomass, vertical migration, age structure and activity of earthworms have been studied in the Lamto savanna from August 1964 to July 1965. Samples have been collected every month in each of three major habitats : plateau, slopes and low-lying grounds.
There are definite seasonal changes, both in numbers and biomass. For instance, the numbers and biomass of earthworms belonging to the subfamily Benhaminae are reduced during the dry season to respectively one fourth and one half of the rainy season figures. A high percentage of the individuals aestivate, though some migrate to the deeper horizons of the soil profile.
Biologie et écologie du Lerot Eliomys Quercinus L. dans les Hautes-Alpes
Authors: Le Louarn H. , Spitz François 
Published: November 2022

Dans la région de Briançon (Hautes-Alpes), le Lérot Eliomys quercinus est un des principaux constituants de la faune de Rongeurs de tous les types de forêts. La sortie d’hibernation se produit à la tin de la première quinzaine de mai. Les individus sont aussitôt sexuellement actifs, les mises bas ont lieu de la mi-juin à la tin juillet. L’entrée en hibernation débute à la mi-septembre et intéresse d’abord les adultes.
Du fait de la faible durée de la vie active, il ne semble pas y avoir d’estivation. La saison de reproduction étant bien localisée dans le temps, il est facile d’estimer l’âge des individus et de tracer leur courbe de croissance. Il est à remarquer que la croissance n’est pas terminée lors de l’entrée en hibernation, et qu’elle se poursuit au printemps suivant.
Les types de forêts les plus fréquentées sont les boisements mixtes, Pin sylvestre -Mélèze et Feuillus -Mélèze de l’étage montagnard (1400 à 1 700 m d’altitude). Les facteurs du milieu les plus favorables sont la présence de substrat rocheux et d’une végétation herbacée claire accompagnée d’arbrisseaux nains.
Le régime alimentaire est en grande partie composé d’insectes, surtout de larves de Lépidoptères.
Observations sur la socio-écologie du Mandrill
Authors: Jouventin Pierre 
Published: November 2022

Six months were spent in Gabon tracking troops of Mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx) in 1973 and 1974. During two survey-periods of three months each about 2,000 kilometers were covered by foot in the forest and 6,000 by road. Contacts were only established 39 times, totalling 48 hours of actual observation time.
Mandrills and drills never occur together in the same areas.
Mandrills were always found to live in the lower forest layers, large adult males at the ground level, smaller females and juveniles in the undergrowth and the middle layer. Large rivers cannot be crossed by mandrills, these forest baboons being unable to swimm.
The basic social unit is made of a large adult male (one for 25 individuals on average), 5 to 10 females (with or without infants) and about 10 juveniles. During the dry season, as many as 6 or 7 such harems might associate together, forming troops of 200 individuals or more. Excess adult males live a solitary existence in the forest.
Mandrill troops have a very wide home range, in the order of tens of square kilometers. The average speed of movement of a group during the day was found to be 1.32 km/h, and the average distance covered 8 km per day.
The diet is very varied, mostly vegetarian with possibly a small animal component. Breeding is apparently seasonal, most births occuring from January to April. Besides man, major predators include leopards and the Crowned hawk-eagle (Stephanoetus coronatus). Temporary associations with duikers (Cephalophus callypigus) and calaos (Tropicranus albocristatus) have been observed. Three types of vocalizations were distinguished : a contact call emitted mainly by females and juveniles, an alarm call used by females and subadults, and a rallying call emitted by the leader male. Olfactory marking by the secretion of the sternal glands is performed on tree trunks.
When the troop is quietly foraging juvenile and subadult individuals tend to stay in front and around the females, the leader male staying to the rear. When frightened, the adult male leads the troop, followed by the females and the younger individuals.
In the rain forest Mandrills exploit the less productive layers, at the ground level or in the undergrowth. Their social structure and the large size of their home range may be considered as adaptive to this poor environment.
La saison sèche en Guadeloupe et ses conséquences sur la démographie des mollusques dans les biotopes à Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818), vecteur de la bilharziose intestinale
Authors: Pointier J.-P. , Combes Claude 
Published: November 2022

Resistance of some freshwater snails to drought has been studied in four seasonal ponds, one (temporary) stream and one «mangrove» area on the island of Guadeloupe, West Indies. In such locations a small percentage of the snail population is able to survive the dry season under the shelter of organic debris and rocks.
Biomphalaria glabrata, the local intermediate host of human Bilharziasis, is less resistant to dessication than sympatric Eupera viridans, Biomphalaria schrammi, Drepanotrema lucidum and Ampullaria glauca. Physa marmorata, Drepanotrema kermatoides and Pleisiophysa granulata are even more sensitive to drought than Biomphalaria glabrata.
Besoins alimentaires quantitatifs de quelques oiseaux tropicaux
Authors: Thiollay Jean-Marc 
Published: November 2022

The daily consumption of food by some tropical, mostly insectivorous, birds has been studied in Ivory Coast savana-forest mosaic. Different techniques were used : weights of the stomach contents at the end of the activity period, estimates of the quantity of food brought to nestlings at the end of their growth period, estimates of the number of prey items caught by adults during the day, amount of food eaten by captive individuals.
For birds whose body weights ranged from 100 to 1,500 g, the daily ration was on average only half of that of their paleartic or nearctic counterparts.
The overall food consumption of the Rollers and Raptors in the Lamto savana averaged 12 g/ha/day -which, on a yearly basis, corresponds to about half of the production of the prey species concerned.
Régime, comportement alimentaire et régulation écologique du métabolisme chez le Colius striatus
Authors: Decoux J.-P. 
Published: November 2022

The feeding behaviour and thermoregulation of a marked population of the Speckled Mousebird Colius striatus was studied over a period of three years at Makokou, Gabon (0.4 N, 12 E.). A captive colony was used for simple experiments and to supplement observations made in the wild.
Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the diet has shown that it consists essentially of the fruit and leaves of a few species characteristic of secondary plant formations. Fruits are eaten throughout most of the day, but before retiring for the night the bird ingest leaves and petals. Geophagy was frequently observed. Nestlings are fed by regurgitation. Before feeding the parent collects the feces of the young, some of which are regurgitated to the nestling.
Specific behavior patterns are associated with an incomplete thermoregulatory capacity in mousebirds. The level of activity is generally low and the birds spend considerable time sunning themselves. Thinly feathered areas of the skin are darkly pigmented and certain postures characteristic of sunning behavior allow for a maximum use of solar energy. At night and during chilly periods during the day, the birds conserve heat by bunching closely together, hanging on to each other by their claws, which have an automatic gripping mechanism.
Fasting and cooling temporarily may lead in extreme cases to a state of torpor. Experiments have shown that torpor has no survival value per se, but has to be associated with «bunching» to be of any advantage to these birds.
The unique features of the behaviour and physiology of mousebirds seem to represent an adaptation to a diet poor in calories.
Contribution à l’étude de la biologie de la reproduction et de l’écologie du goéland argenté à pieds jaunes (Larus argentatus michahellis) en Camargue
Authors: Isenmann Paul 
Published: November 2022

The breeding population of Yellow-legged Herring Gull (Larus argentatus michahellis) on the French Mediterrannean coast is estimated to be 8,500-10,000 pairs. In the Camargue, breeding colonies are located on flat islands covered with glassworts (Salicornia) and grasses.
Whereas colonies may be occupied as early as November, breeding activities take place from the end of March to mid-July. Indications are given on nest size, distance between nests, laying date, size and weight of eggs, incubation and nestling periods.
Chicks are fed mostly on fish (taken from the wakes of trawlers), waste from rubbish tips, vertebrates (migrant birds mainly) and terrestrial invertebrates. The feeding places of adults are very diverse. Rubbish dumps are most often visited, offshore trawling areas ranking second. Lagoons and cultivated areas are more seldom visited, and always temporarily. A review of food items and favorite feeding places all over the species range indicates that the Yellow-legged Herring Gull is an opportunistic bird, taking advantage of any type of food provided by human activities. This explains the spectacular increase of the species along the french mediterrannean coast.
Relations entre physionomie végétale et répartition spatiale des populations post-nuptiales d’oiseaux forestiers
Authors: Leruth Y. 
Published: November 2022

Durant l’été 1973 (juin à août), l’avifaune d’une parcelle forestière de chênaie à Charme (Querceto-carpinetum) a été piégée intensivement à l’aide de filets verticaux. La parcelle étudiée était exploitée en taillis-sous-futaie et âgée de 12 à 13 ans. Une investigation sur la composition et la structure de la végétation a été également réalisée en chacun des postes de piégeage.
Nous avons mis en rapport les captures réalisées pour chacune des espèces avec la structure de l’environnement végétal et nous avons mis en évidence des préférences souvent très marquées. Cette étude présente la particularité d’envisager les préférences à très faible échelle et en période post-nuptiale ; la méthode est en elle-même peu rentable mais les captures fournissent beaucoup d’autres informations, notamment sur la dynamique de population.
L'«Opération éléphants» au Rwanda. I. Structure de la population du Bugesera et transfert de jeunes au parc de l'Akagera
Authors: Monfort Alain , Monfort Nicole 
Published: November 2022

During an elephant eradication scheme in Rwanda, 134 individuals were shot or captured and data collected on their population structure.
The overall sex-ratio was 65 males : 69 females, males being more numerous in the younger age group and females in the older. Pregnant and lactating females were always 15 years old at least. Mean calving interval was 5.1 years. The percentage of young of the year was 5.2 %. Population density ranged between 1.9. and 2.4/km2 and standing crop biomass between 3.2 and 4.6 metric tons per square kilometer. There were however significant differences between the two groups of 69 individuals living in the Karama and Rwinzoka areas respectively. The Karama population living in wooded grassland (34 km²), was younger (43.2 % of adult individuals) than the Rwinzoka population confined to 27 km² of swamps (53.7 % of adult individuals). The mean calving interval was 3.5 years in the first population and 7,fi years in the second.
Twenty six young elephants were successfully translocated to the Akagera National Park, where the species had become extinct in 1938.
Etude de la répartition du Grillon des bois Nemobius sylvestris (Bosc.) dans un habitat naturel. I. Les larves
Authors: Morvan R. , Campan Raymond , Thon B. 
Published: November 2022

The spatial distribution of a larval population of wood-crickets (Nemobius sylvestris) has been studied into two observation quadrats, located close to the edges of an oak wood near Toulouse (fig. 1).
In both study areas, population density varied seasonally, with peak numbers during summer and autumn, depending upon climatic conditions.
Whereas larval distribution was clumped all the year round in quadrat A located near the E-W edge of the wood, the situation was different in quadrat B located near the NNe-SSw border of the same wood.
The observed difference in larval distribution pattern between the two quadrats can be explained by the effect of forest border orientation upon the aggregation of wood-cricket larvae. At any time of the year, their numbers increased progressively, from the edge of the wood to 15 metres inside, in quadrat A. The situation was different in quadrat B, except in winter time.
Larval distribution was also influenced by the proximity of trees. In quadrat A, the wood-cricket larvae were more numerous close to the base of the trees. This also occured in quadrat B, but only during the summer and the autumn.
The various factors influencing the spatial distribution of Nemobius sylvestris larvae can act synergically or antagonistically, according to local conditions. However the proximity of a forest border and its orientation appear to play the major roles.
Le rôle disséminateur des éléphants en forêt de Taï, Côte d’ivoire
Authors: Alexandre D.-Y. 
Published: November 2022

Elephant droppings have been collected over a whole year in the mature rain forest of Tai, Ivory Coast, and their seed content studied. The seeds of 37 species of trees and 5 species of herbaceous plants have been identified. Out of 37 tree species whose fruits are consumed by elephants in the study area, only seven are known to be also dispersed by monkeys and birds. Marsularia acuminata is eaten throughout the year. Two other species, Parinari holstii and Sacoglottis gabonensis are taken as food in large numbers at certain times of the year only ; their seeds can then make up half the dry weight of the droppings.
The germination rate of seeds recovered from elephant droppings is similar to that of mature seeds taken out of intact fruits. However germination is more rapid and seedlings sprouting out of elephant droppings appear healthier. The characteristics of the fruits eaten by elephants are described ; three main categories are distinguished.
In the mature rain forest of Western Ivory Coast, fruits appear to represent a major part of elephants’ diet. The role of these Ungulates in the long range dispersal of trees seems to be paramount. Out of 71 species of trees of the Tai forest whose seed dispersal mechanism is known, 21 (29.6 %) are dispersed by elephants.
Le partage des ressources alimentaires entre les espèces de lézards du désert de Mapimi, Mexique
Authors: Barbault R. , Grenot Claude , Uribe Zeferino 
Published: November 2022

The diet of several sympatric species of lizards has been studied in the Mapimi desert, Durango, Mexico, in order to elucidate the ways in which resource partitioning is achieved.
Despite the optional specialization of the three Cnemidophorus species (termite eaters) and of Phrynosoma modestum (an ant eater), all these lizards are mostly opportunistic feeders ; their diets are highly diversified and largely overlapping.
The larger lizards, which feed upon both large and small prey species, should exert a strong competitive pressure upon smaller lizards which are limited to smaller prey. However, small lizards avoid such a competition either by having a specialized diet (e.g. Phrynosoma modestum) or by living in certain microhabitats (e.g. Cnemidophorus inornatus which is confined to Hilaria mutica communities) .
In such an ecosystem, resource partitioning among sympatric lizard species is therefore mostly achieved through microhabitat preferences, and also through different feeding strategies (e.g. the «sit-and-wait» technique versus the «widely foraging» technique).