bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parenthood: Beyond Maternity and Paternity
Authors: McKenzie Lara 
Published: September 2022

AbstractParenthood is a transforming and enduring experience worldwide, yet it occurs in culturally distinctive ways. Anthropologists’ analyses of this aspect of social life need to attend to these distinctions by applying concepts that are flexible but offer meaningful insights. This article investigates the complexities of modern parent–child relations, making two propositions that expand the concept of parenthood. I begin by arguing that the termparenthoodshould be more widely utilized by anthropologists when investigating kinship, due to its specificity and ability to address and contest issues of care and inequality. The notion of parenthood can reflect a diverse array of practices far beyond those of childbearing heterosexual couples—fostering, adoption, surrogacy, queer parenthoods, and parenthood via assisted reproductive technologies (ART)—while acknowledging the continued salience of normative parenting relations. I propose that feminist anthropologists could use the termparenthoodto challenge the gendered assumptions surroundingmotherhoodandfatherhood(which remain highly influential regardless of parents’ relationship forms and sexualities) and to recognize and facilitate less rigid, less binary parenting performances. Drawing on anthropological, sociological, and feminist works on kinship, reproduction, and gender, I thus advocate for the conceptual utility of the termparenthoodand point to future directions for such research.
Petrogenesis and tectonic implication of the alkaline ferroan granites from Ropp complex, north‐central Nigeria: Clues from zircon chemistry, U–Pb dating, and Lu–Hf isotope
Authors: Kamaunji Vandi Dlama , Wang Lianxun , Girei Musa Bala , Zhu Yuxiang , Li Leguang , Vincent Victor Ikechukwu , Amuda Abdulgafar Kayode 
Published: September 2022

Zircon holds crucial information for deciphering the origin of granitic rocks, enabling robust scrutiny of their magmatic evolution. Herein, we report an integrated whole‐rock and zircon U–Pb and Lu–Hf isotope chemistry of Ropp alkaline granites in north‐central Nigeria. The rock units include riebeckite‐biotite granite porphyries (161.1 ± 1.7 Ma), aegirine‐biotite granites (162.4 ± 1.6 Ma), biotite granites (162.3 ± 5.1 Ma), and albite riebeckite granites. They show diagnostic characteristics of ferroan alkaline granites such as high FeOt/(FeOt + MgO), low Y/Nb (<1.2), and high Nb/Y (>1.0). Their zircon Hf isotopic compositions (εHf(t) = −8.08 to −4.38; 176Hf/177Hf = 0.282492–0.282543), major and trace element compositions such as high SiO2 >70% and incompatible trace elements (e.g., Rb, Ba, and La), low ratios of whole rock Th/U, Hf/Ta. Ni/Co and Th/Ta = 2.82, and zircon U/Yb, Gd/Yb, and Th/Yb ratios as well as oxygen fugacity (logfO2 = −26.09 to −12.32) reflect protracted fractional crystallization of a highly reduced mantle‐derived oceanic island basalt (OIB) magma from EM2 with considerable crustal involvement. Magma evolution was fuelled by fractionation of calcic‐pyroxene, calcic‐amphibole, Mg‐olivines, feldspars, titanite, and apatite, as corroborated by the marked depletions of CaO, MgO, TiO2, and P2O5. Intense crustal assimilation, particularly in the biotite granite masked their enriched mantle (EM) ancestry. This is attested by the presence of inherited Pan‐African (ca. 582 Ma) zircon, elevated crustal‐like zircon U/Yb, low zircon Gd/Yb, and Th/Yb ratios as well as high whole‐rock Rb/Nb ratios and relatively low estimated temperatures, which mimic crustal‐derived granites. Reactivation of pre‐existing megashear zones of weaknesses and opening of related transcurrent faults following periodic plate movements generated intense stress field which invoked the release of pressure and hot metasomatic fluids that partially melted the lower EM, giving rise to the Ropp OIB magmas.
A coarse‐grained approach toNMR‐data‐assisted modeling of protein structures
Authors: Lubecka Emilia A. , Liwo Adam 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe ESCASA algorithm for analytical estimation of proton positions from coarse‐grained geometry developed in our recent work has been implemented in modeling protein structures with the highly coarse‐grained UNRES model of polypeptide chains (two sites per residue) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data. A penalty function with the shape of intersecting gorges was applied to treat ambiguous distance restraints, which automatically selects consistent restraints. Hamiltonian replica exchange molecular dynamics was used to carry out the conformational search. The method was tested with both unambiguous and ambiguous restraints producing good‐quality models with GDT_TS from 7.4 units higher to 14.4 units lower than those obtained with the CYANA or MELD software for protein‐structure determination from NMR data at the all‐atom resolution. The method can thus be applied in modeling the structures of flexible proteins, for which extensive conformational search enabled by coarse‐graining is more important than high modeling accuracy.
High thermoelectric figure of merit in rhombic porous carbon nitride nanoribbons
Authors: Wang Weiyi , Li Qunxiang , Yang Jinlong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBy performing extensive density functional theory calculations combined with non‐equilibrium Green's function technique, we predict the rhombic porous carbon nitride nanoribbon (rPCNNR) and the vertical rPCNNR junction exhibiting high thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) values of 0.57 and 2.1 at room temperature respectively. Theoretical results reveal that the ZT value of rPCNNR is significantly larger than that of armchair graphene nanoribbon with the almost same width (~0.035) due to the large Seebeck coefficients and the significantly decreased thermal conductance of rPCNNR, where the phonon states are blocked by the built‐in porous structure and rhombic edge in rPCNNR. The ZT value is further enhanced to be 2.1 in the vertical rPCNNR junction, which is achieved by the synergy effect between the dramatically suppressed thermal conductance in in‐plane direction due to the weak van der Waals interaction between two rPCNNRs, the almost unchanged Seebeck coefficients, and the good electron conductivity provided by the strong overlapping of delocalized VB‐ and CB‐derived states in the scattering region. These presented findings highlight rPCNNR as a promising candidate in building flexible devices with high thermoelectric performance.
Pseudopolymorphism of a luminescent anthracene‐pentiptycene π‐system: The persistent alkyl‐pentiptycene threading mode
Authors: Tsai Chia‐Ying , Cheng Chiao‐Min , Ho Yu‐Chieh , Hsu Ying‐Feng , Liu Yi‐Hung , Peng Shie‐Ming , Yang Jye‐Shane 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the crystal packing behavior of a luminescent π‐conjugated system would facilitate the design of crystals of the desired luminescence properties. Crystal pseudopolymorphism provides a great opportunity for such a purpose and meanwhile for tuning the solid‐state luminescence properties of a molecular system via crystallization in different solvents. Herein, we report an example of structural modification that converts a polymorphic anthracene‐pentiptycene π‐system (1) into a pseudopolymorphic counterpart (2), which displays polymorph‐dependent fluorescence color and [4 + 4] photodimerization activity. The five pseudopolymorphs of 2 (crystal notation 2/Solvent, and Solvent = THF, Hex, CHCl3, DCM, and MeOH) have a common feature of forming one‐dimensional (1D) columnar alkyl‐pentiptycene threading mode. The subsequent packing of the 1D columns depends on the size of the included solvents, leading to two major types of pentiptycene‐based framework. One of the frameworks possesses 1D solvent channels that account for 14–18% of the unit cell volume, and the other type has small solvent cavities. A crystal with partial hexane inclusion (i.e., 2/Hex') is also obtained, which provides insights into the stability of the apohost structure. Intriguing solvent guest effects on the fluorescence properties of 2/Solvent are also noted.
Efficacy of rechallenge transcatheter arterial chemoembolization after lenvatinib treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Uchida‐Kobayashi Sawako , Kageyama Ken , Takemura Shigekazu , Matsumoto Kazuhiro , Odagiri Naoshi , Jogo Atsushi , Kotani Kohei , Kozuka Ritsuzo , Motoyama Hiroyuki , Kawamura Etsushi , Hagihara Atsushi , Yamamoto Akira , Fujii Hideki , Tanaka Shogo , Enomoto Masaru , Tamori Akihiro , Miki Yukio , Kubo Shoji , Kawada Norifumi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground and AimWe evaluated the efficacy of rechallenge transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) after lenvatinib (LEN) treatment in patients with previous TACE failure/refractoriness.MethodsWe enrolled 63 consecutive patients with a history of TACE failure/refractoriness prior to LEN treatment as a first‐line systemic therapy. We reviewed the clinical backgrounds and courses of the patients.ResultsIn total, 25 patients underwent rechallenge TACE after LEN due to LEN‐refractoriness (17 cases) or intolerance (8 cases). A complete or partial response was obtained for 13 (65.0%) of the 20 patients whose therapeutic effects were determined. The survival rate of patients who underwent rechallenge TACE was significantly higher than that of patients who did not undergo rechallenge TACE (median survival time, not reached vs 403 days, P = 0.015). Rechallenge TACE significantly reduced the risk of death in univariate (hazard ratio [HR] 0.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.08–0.69, P = 0.008) and multivariate analyses (HR 0.26, 95% CI 0.08–0.80, P = 0.019). If complete or partial response was obtained by rechallenge TACE, the median survival time of these patients was significantly longer than those of the progressive disease (PD) group (P = 0.05), and the median survival time of the PD group after rechallenge TACE was not different from that of the group who did not undergo rechallenge TACE (P = 0.36). We did not observe a decrease in the ALBI score after TACE.ConclusionRechallenge TACE after LEN is an effective treatment that may result in a favorable prognosis.
Substrate dependent thermal conductivity in Td‐WTe2 using micro‐Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Laxmi Vijay , Basu Nilanjan , Nayak Pramoda K. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTungsten ditelluride (WTe2) is a member of the transition metal telluride (TMT) family, which is emerging as a promising material for electronic applications. The study of thermal characteristics of WTe2 is important to understand heat dissipation in electronic devices. As heat dissipation and thermal transport are dependent on the choice of substrates, it is imperative to understand the effect of different substrates on the thermal conductivity of WTe2. Moreover, the comprehension of out‐of‐plane thermal conductivity is important when dealing with heat management of multiple layers of 2D materials and their heterostructures. In this work, we report the thermal conductivity of few‐layer thick exfoliated Td phase WTe2 flakes over four different substrates, namely bare Si, 90 nm SiO2, 290 nm SiO2, and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). Micro‐Raman spectroscopy has been employed to estimate the out‐of‐plane thermal conductivity by considering two characteristics out of plane Raman modes A15 and A12, as they are more sensitive to temperature variation compared with other modes. Out of the four substrates, WTe2 shows the lowest conductivity over PMMA and highest over 290 nm SiO2/Si for similar thicknesses, which arises due to the low thermal conductivity and molar mass of PMMA with respect to the molar mass of WTe2 giving rise to the lowest thermal conductivity. Our results also show that the thermal conductivity of WTe2 increases with the decrease in thickness. The authors hope that these findings shall provide a compound perspective on the thermal behavior of WTe2 with respect to different substrates.
Longitudinal Effects of Base of Tongue Concurrent Chemoradiation Therapy in a Pre‐Clinical Model
Authors: Benedict Peter A. , Kravietz Adam , Yang Jackie , Achlatis Efstratios , Doyle Carina , Johnson Aaron M. , Dion Gregory R. , Amin Milan R. 
Published: September 2022

Background/ObjectivesBase of tongue (BOT) dysfunction is common following oropharyngeal concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT). We present a clinically relevant animal model quantifying the effects of CCRT on tongue strength and elasticity over time.MethodsFifty‐three male and 53 female Sprague–Dawley rats were randomized to control or experimental groups. Experimental animals received cisplatin, 5‐fluorouracil, and 5 fractions of 7 Gy directed to the BOT. Controls received no intervention. At 2 weeks, 5 months, or 10 months after CCRT, animals underwent non‐survival surgery to measure twitch and tetanic tongue strength, which were analyzed using multivariate linear mixed effects models. Tongue displacement, a surrogate for tongue elasticity, was also determined via stress–strain testing and analyzed via a multivariate linear mixed effects model.ResultsReporting the combined results of both sexes, the estimated experimental group mean peak twitch forces became more divergent over time compared to controls, being 8.3% lower than controls at 2 weeks post‐CCRT, 15.7% lower at 5 months, and 31.6% lower at 10 months. Estimated experimental group mean peak tetanic forces followed a similar course and were 2.9% lower than controls at 2 weeks post CCRT, 20.7% lower at 5 months, and 27.0% lower at 10 months. Stress–strain testing did not find CCRT to have a significant effect on tongue displacement across experimental timepoints.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates an increasing difference in tongue strength over time between controls and animals exposed to CCRT. Tongue elasticity was not significantly affected by CCRT, suggesting that changes in strength may not be caused by fibrosis.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 133:1455–1461, 2023
Effect of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes on rheological behavior and electrical conductivity of poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate)/acrylonitrile‐butadiene rubber/multi‐walled carbon nanotubes nanocomposites
Authors: Razavi‐Nouri Mohammad , Salavati Masoud 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this work, the effect of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on electrical conductivity and rheological behavior of poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate) (EVA)/acrylonitrile‐butadiene rubber (NBR) blends containing 0 to 7 wt% MWCNTs are investigated. The theoretical calculations according to the interfacial free energy of the components revealed that the nanofillers had a tendency to locate in NBR domains. However, the rheological, electrical, and morphological studies indicated that the majority of the MWCNTs remained in the EVA phase. Shear creep measurements of the molten materials showed that the creep stability improved steadily with the increase in MWCNTs content. The creep behaviors of the materials, except EVA, were analogous to the Burgers model prediction and all four parameters of the model increased in value with the increase in the nanofillers content in comparison with those of the unfilled blend. The rheological studies indicated that the damping factor (tanδ) for the materials containing small amounts of the nanofillers reached a maximum and subsequently decreased with rising temperature. However, for the materials having 1 wt% MWCNTs and higher, the tanδ values were smaller at the highest temperature (200°C) than those of the lowest temperature (100°C) investigated in this work. The electrical percolation threshold was also found to take place at about 2.80 wt% MWCNTs loading.
Modeling melt conveying and power consumption of co‐rotating twin‐screw extruder kneading blocks: Part A. Data generation
Authors: Stritzinger Ursula , Roland Wolfgang , Berger‐Weber Gerald , Steinbichler Georg 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMathematical models of polymer melt flow in co‐rotating twin‐screw extruders are crucial to screw design and predict processing characteristics, such as pressure distribution, back‐pressure lengths, degree of filling, melt‐temperature increase, and drive power. Twin‐screw modeling focuses predominantly on conveying elements, and kneading blocks are commonly represented with fictitious continuous flights, which significantly simplifies geometry and ignores considerable leakage flow. This work (Part A) presents a comprehensive analysis of the conveying characteristics and power demands of fully intermeshing co‐rotating twin‐screw extruder kneading blocks that considers the complex three‐dimensional geometry without geometrical simplifications. This analysis comprises the following steps: (1) dimensionless description of the geometry, (2) simplification of the governing equations, (3) formulation of novel dimensionless conveying and power parameters, and (4) a parametric design study with the novel approach of using the characteristic angular screw position, which avoids complex numerical algorithms and drastically reduces the computation required. Our comprehensive parametric design study included 1536 independent design points—a vast amount of data that revealed various effects that are highlighted in this work, including new findings on the interactions between geometry and conveying and power parameters. The obtained results serve, for example, as the basis for screw design, optimizations, scale‐up, and soft sensors.
Nanomaterized zinc sulfide‐meerschaum biomatrix efficiently suppressed Fusarium verticilloides with augmented rice seed quality benefits during storage
Authors: Khepar Varinder , Sidhu Anjali , Sharma Anju Bala 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe seed‐borne mycopathogen Fusarium verticilliodes is a serious and deleterious pathogen causing substantial losses of rice seeds and grains. Rice seeds are prone to infestation at all points of the production chain and the fungal pathogen continues dormant devastation even during storage, adversely affecting the seed parameters. Its control is compromised due to the nonavailability of recommended fungicides during storage. Nanotechnological interventions can provide effective and ecofriendly alternative against mycopathogens during resting periods. Herein, the zinc sulfide‐meerschaum nano bio‐matrix (nZnS‐MR) is presented to show this strategy, which worked well against F. verticilliodes when applied on freshly harvested rice seeds during 6 months of storage.RESULTSThe healthy, smooth and rounded girths of F. verticilloides mycelium were reduced with loss of turgidity, disrupting the hyphal exterior architecture, during in vitro treatment with nZnS‐MR, endorsed by staining methodology, crystal violet and intracellular soluble protein leakage assays. In vivo application on rice seeds optimized 750 μg g−1 of nano zinc sulfide (nZnS) for 6 months of application during storage with maximum reduction of disease parameters [seedling blight (1.19%) and seed rot (5.43%)] and most augmented quality parameters [maximum germination (94.14%), seedling length (22.50 cm), dry weight (0.121 g) and vigor index (11.37)]. nZnS‐MR acted as a slow release nanoformulation of nZnS for long‐term antifungal activity.CONCLUSIONnZnS‐MR is presented as an ecofriendly, biocompatible, bio‐efficient, profertilization, cost‐effective green material for the control of F. verticilliodes with rice seed invigorating effect, describing it as new a nano‐generation material for efficient storage application.
In‐silico exploration of noble gas dimer enforced by noncovalent interaction
Authors: Mazumder Lakhya J. , Yashmin Farnaz , Sharma Pankaz K. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDensity functional calculations have been carried out to investigate the possibility of trapping of noble gas dimers by cyclo[18]carbon dimer. Parallel‐displaced conformation of the cyclo[18]carbon dimer is found to be the minimum energy structure. Noncovalent interaction is found to hold the noble gas dimers. The lighter noble gases (He, Ne) posses weaker attractive interactions while the heavier one (Ar, Kr) are held by stronger attractive interactions forming genuine bonds. Each of the noble gas atoms in turn forms noncovalent interaction with the cyclo[18]carbon monomers. The bond dissociation energy of the noble gas dimers dramatically increases inside the cyclo[18]carbon dimer. Energy decomposition analysis reveals that dispersion plays the major role toward the stabilization energy.
Valuable Biofuel Production via Pyrolysis Process of Olive Pomace over Alkali and Transition Metal Oxides Catalysts Supported on Activated Biochar
Authors: Balaghi Inaloo Ebrahim , Saidi Majid , Taheri Najafabadi Ali 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNon‐catalytic and catalytic pyrolysis of olive pomace as the second generation of biomass has been investigated for the production of valuable biofuels. Bio‐oil from the pyrolysis of olive pomace has high amounts of oxygenated compounds, therefore in this study, NiO, CoO, MgO and CaO catalysts supported on the activated biochar were used to upgrade the bio‐oil via the deoxygenation process. The results indicated that the maximum bio‐oil production yield through non‐catalytic process was 56 wt. % at a temperature of 500 °C, which mainly includes oxygenated compounds with content more than 90 wt. %. Production of hydrocarbons, ketones and aldehydes through catalytic pyrolysis process of olive pomace over alkali metal oxides catalysts confirm occurrence of the decarboxylation, decarbonylation, ketonization and aldol condensation reactions. MgO/biochar and CaO/biochar catalysts represented similar performance in the conversion of fatty acids, but the CaO/biochar deoxygenation performance was better than MgO/biochar catalyst. Catalytic pyrolysis investigations indicated that transition metal oxides (NiO and Co3O4/biochar) catalysts represent higher deoxygenation activity than alkali metal oxides catalysts.
Efficient and Selective Aerobic Oxidation of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5‐diformylfuran at Moderate Reaction Conditions with Design of Experiments Approach
Authors: Derflinger Christoph , Kamm Birgit , Paulik Christian , Meissner Gisa , Spod Hendrik 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHeterogeneous catalytic oxidation of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) with molecular oxygen to 2,5‐diformylfuran (DFF) was performed on aluminium oxide‐supported ruthenium catalysts (Ru/Al2O3). The ruthenium catalysts were analyzed by pH and Brunauer‐Emett‐Teller (BET) measurement, and potential side products measured by HPLC‐UV. High catalyst activity with near‐quantitative DFF yield (>99.9 %) was achieved in toluene under moderate reaction conditions (90 °C, 0.2 MPa O2). Various Al2O3 supports were screened for optimal catalyst activity and selectivity for DFF, and the most effective was chosen for a Design of Experiments (DoE). With a central composite design based on a response‐surface model, the effects of reaction parameters (i. e., catalyst amount, oxygen pressure and temperature) on the reaction rate were investigated, and the selected model tested by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The modeling showed that catalyst amount had the highest relative impact on the reaction rate, and afforded in‐depth knowledge about the chemical space investigated.