bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceptions and attitudes of black men in a rural district of South Africa towards depression and its treatment
Authors: Masemola Hlabje Carel , Moodley Saiendhra , Shirinde Joyce 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Depression is a major contributor to the overall global burden of disease impacting social life, family life and increase work disability if left untreated. Globally, depressive disorders are one of the most common forms of mental illness affecting more than 264 million people of all ages. Regardless of high prevalence and serious consequences, people with depression, particularly men, are hesitant to seek help and a large proportion remains untreated. The aim of this study was to determine the attitudes and perceptions related to depression and its treatment among black men in a rural district of South Africa.
Methods
This was an exploratory descriptive qualitative study. In-depth, face-to-face, semi-structured interviews were conducted. Participants were selected by purposive sampling technique. The interviews were led by the interview guide and data saturation was reached with 19 participants. The interviews were audio-recorded and later transcribed in English by a language practitioner. The data was subsequently analysed using the thematic approach.
Results
Participants described depression as a psychological problem associated with lack of sleep, loneliness, feeling unwanted, increased stress, deep sadness, weight loss, forgetfulness, crying over small things and lack of concentration. Collectively, the interviews with participants exposed a limited understanding of the causes of depression. The causes identified as key were psychosocial factors such as relationship stress, financial problems, lack of family support and unemployment. Participants revealed good understanding of health professionals who assist people who are depressed. A large proportion (n = 13) of participants reported not having knowledge of available services in their area for people who seek treatment for depression. Barriers for help-seeking behaviours were fear of social stigma, fear of expressing their feelings, gender norms and stereotypes and lack of trust in others. Many participants mentioned that being open to talk to someone and their willingness to talk to professionals will increase their chances of seeking help for depression.
Conclusions
Interventions such as support groups and mental health awareness programmes to counteract personal perceptions may help to improve and expand the effectiveness of depression treatment. The results highlight the future need to raise awareness of depression symptoms and expand outreach health programmes in order to provide culturally appropriate strategies.
Outcome of Linezolid induced optic and peripheral neuropathy in a Pakistani patient treated for multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis: A Case report
Authors: Nawaz Ahmad 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Linezolid is a core second-line drug used for the treatment of extensively and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Linezolid showed the promised efficacy in the treatment of drugs resistant tuberculosis. However, the associated adverse effects such as optic and peripheral neuropathy are the major obstacles for its long-term therapy. We recently encountered a case of progressive deterioration of vision and numbness in the feet in a 32-years-old male undergoing linezolid therapy for 12 months for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Nerve conduction studies were highly suggestive of sensory polyneuropathy while the fundoscopic image was highly favorable of optic neuropathy. A slight improvement was seen in vision with no improvement or worsening of peripheral neuropathy on follow-up visits after the discontinuation of linezolid. In a developing country like Pakistan, whereas the management of developing resistance to tuberculosis is a major problem, awareness among physicians for close follow-up of a patient using long-term linezolid therapy should be created to avoid such serious optic and peripheral neuropathy.
Prevalence and risk factors of canine leishmaniasis in Morocco: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: El-Mouhdi Karima , Boussaa Samia , Chahlaoui Abdelkader , Fekhaoui Mohammed 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Methods
An exhaustive and thorough literature search was conducted to collect data in seven databases and by contacting the authors of unpublished works. The quality of eligible studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of the bias assessment tool. The meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4. Zotero and R software were used for data management and statistical processing.
Results
Descriptive analysis shows that 91.9% of dogs in Morocco lived without veterinary care and 75.8% chained. Two strains of Leishmania were found to be involved in both cutaneous and visceral forms of leishmaniasis in dogs: L. tropica and L. infantum, but the latter is the most common. A meta-analysis was conducted, the results showed an overall prevalence of 17% (95% CI: 0.12–0.22). Significant differences were recorded between regions. The maximum values were reported successively in the provinces more bordering the Mediterranean and those in the center of the country. Risk factors were found to be associated with Leishmania in dogs in Morocco. The risk was found to be high in clinically asymptomatic dogs (RR = 2.08 [95% CI: 1.15–3.76; p = 0.02]) with a high prevalence (9% (95% CI [0.06–0.13]; p < 0.00001). Age was strongly associated with the occurrence of the disease, the prevalence is increased with the age of the dog, it is 30% (95% CI [-0.09-0.68]; p = 0.13). The prevalence was also very high in dogs living in rural areas (18% [95% CI: 0.14–0.23]; p < 0.00001) and in altitudes exceeding 1000 m (23% [95% CI: -0.08-0.53]).
Conclusion
The present systematic review and meta-analysis are the first of its kind in Morocco and indicate that canine leishmaniasis is common in the regions bordering the Mediterranean coast and the center of the country. It will be possible to predict the epidemiological trend of human visceral leishmaniasis. Monitoring and control actions are needed to improve management strategies of the canine reservoir and interrupt the cycle of transmission to humans.
Repellent and insecticidal activities of vegetal material against sand fly populations (Diptera: Psychodidae): Systematic review and Metaanalysis.
Authors: AMANE Mounia , Mohamed Echchakery , Zuhair Dardouna , Mohamed Hafidi , Samia Boussaa 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease that is widely distributed among humans and animals. Furthermore, it can be transmitted by a bite from an infected female phlebotomine sand fly (Diptera: Psychodidae). Chemical control strategies are still regarded as an efficient means of reducing vector-borne disease population density. However vector-borne diseases have become increasingly resistant to synthetic pesticides. Also, insecticides have a negative impact on human health and the ecosystem in general. As a result, ecologically acceptable alternative strategies are more important than ever for the management of disease-spreading vectors. Numerous databases were searched for information on the botanical effects on sand flies (PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, CAIRN, and the Cochrane Library). Up until June 2021, 2676 papers were reviewed and analyzed in accordance with PRISMA. A total of 58 plants were investigated, with 303 experiments conducted to examine insecticidal activity and 115 others conducted to investigate the insect repellent properties of medicinal plants against 11 species of sand flies belonging to the genera Lutzomyia and Phlebotomus. The investigation of the influence of natural products on sand fly revealed a wide range of variability, with an I squared over than 80%. Briefly, plant insecticide efficacy was observed in Monticalia greenmaniana (Asteraceae) and Nicotiana tabacum (Solanaceae). However, Meliaceae, particularly neem oil, exhibited the most activity as a sand fly repellent. Concerning sand flies, Lutzomyia Migonis had the most sensitivity to natural insecticides, whereas Phlebotomus Argentipes, P. orientalis, and P. bergeroti were more susceptible to botanical repellents. It's also worth mentioning that while a sand fly is in its egg stage, it's more susceptible to the botanical insecticide than when it's an adult. The research using aerial plants were the most likely to result in mortality. Despite this, during repellency testing, leaves were the most effective. Even though several studies are being performed to assess the efficacy of botanical products against sand flies, few of these research investigations are being conducted in North Africa. As a result, research into the potential of local plants in North Africa to prevent leishmaniasis vectors is becoming important.
Systematic review on chronic non-communicable disease in disaster settings
Authors: Ngaruiya Christine , Bernstein Robyn , Leff Rebecca A. , Wallace Lydia , Agrawal Pooja , Selvam Anand , Hersey Denise , Hayward Alison 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) constitute the leading cause of mortality globally. Low and middle-income countries (LMICs) not only experience the largest burden of humanitarian emergencies but are also disproportionately affected by NCDs, yet primary focus on the topic is lagging. We conducted a systematic review on the effect of humanitarian disasters on NCDs in LMICs assessing epidemiology, interventions, and treatment.Methods: A systematic search in MEDLINE, MEDLINE (PubMed, for in-process and non-indexed citations), Social Science Citation Index, and Global Health (EBSCO) for indexed articles published before December 11, 2017 was conducted, and publications reporting on NCDs and humanitarian emergencies in LMICs were included. We extracted and synthesized results using a thematic analysis approach and present the results by disease type. The study is registered at PROSPERO (CRD42018088769).Results: Of the 85 included publications, most reported on observational research studies and almost half (48.9%) reported on studies in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMRO), with scant studies reporting on the African and Americas regions. NCDs represented a significant burden for populations affected by humanitarian crises in our findings, despite a dearth of data from particular regions and disease categories. The majority of studies included in our review presented epidemiologic evidence for the burden of disease, while few studies addressed clinical management or intervention delivery. Commonly cited barriers to healthcare access in all phases of disaster and major disease diagnoses studied included: low levels of education, financial difficulties, displacement, illiteracy, lack of access to medications, affordability of treatment and monitoring devices, and centralized healthcare infrastructure for NCDs. Screening and prevention for NCDs in disaster-prone settings was supported. Refugee status was independently identified both as a risk factor for diagnosis with an NCD and conferred worse morbidity.Conclusions: An increased focus on the effects of, and mitigating factors for, NCDs occurring in disaster-afflicted LMICs is needed. While the majority of studies included in our review presented epidemiologic evidence for the burden of disease, research is needed to address contributing factors, interventions, and means of managing disease during humanitarian emergencies in LMICs.
Unrelented heat: international trends and impacts on human health in 15 selected cities
Authors: Filho Walter Leal , Zuñiga Roberto Ariel Abeldaño , de Lima Gabriela Narcizo , Djekic Ilija , Savić Stevan , Milošević Dragan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The intensive rate of urbanization in the 20th and 21st century means that addressing climate-related elements such as urban heat, that endanger urban population health and well-being, needs to be a top political priority, and a central component of mitigation and adaptation plans. The aims of this communication are to address the impacts of urban heat on human health, to present an international study identifying current trends, and suggesting measures to address the problem. We analyzed temperature data series for the period 1901–2020, and estimated temperature trends for the 2050–2100 period in 15 selected cities. The selected cities show an average increase of 1.5°C in the temperatures of the analyzed cities, which has occurred mainly since the 1980s. Also, increases of more than 1.5°C for 2050 and 2.5°C for 2100 are observed in the RCP8.5 scenario. One of the possible solutions to address the problem may be to perform high accuracy micrometeorological measurements in cities, thus contributing to a better understanding of how to increase urban resilience to climate change. We also highlight the need to improve surveillance systems for chronic diseases, in coordination between the health and meteorological local services.
A fast and interpretable deep learning approach for accurate electrostatics-driven pKa predictions in proteins
Authors: Reis Pedro , Bertolini Marco , Montanari Floriane , Rocchia Walter , Machuqueiro Miguel , Clevert Djork-Arné 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Existing computational methods to estimate pKa values in proteins rely on theoretical approximationsand lengthy computations. In this work, we use a data set of 6 million theoretically determined pKashifts to train deep learning models that are shown to rival the physics-based predictors. Theseneural networks managed to assign proper electrostatic charges to chemical groups, and learned theimportance of solvent exposure and close interactions, including hydrogen bonds. Although trained onlyusing theoretical data, our pKAI+ model displays the best accuracy on a test set of ∼750 experimentalvalues. Inference times allow speedups of more than 1000 times faster than physics-based methods.By combining speed, accuracy and a reasonable understanding of the underlying physics, our modelsprovide a game-changing solution for fast estimations of macroscopic pKa from ensembles of microscopicvalues as well as for many downstream applications such as molecular docking and constant-pHmolecular dynamics simulations.
Psychological stressors and life satisfaction among university students during the Second Wave of covid-19: Moderating role of resilience
Authors: Qamar Tania , Chethiyar Saralah Devi Mariamdaran , Equatora Muhammad Ali 
Published: March 2022

Purpose - The purpose of the research was to examine the relationship between psychological distress and life satisfaction among university students during the second wave of COVID-19, also to assess the moderating role of resilience. Method - The population of this study is university students. The selection of samples in the current research using purposive sampling strategy and selected 200 students. The data were analyzed using correlation analysis, hierarchical regression analysis, and path analysis.Result - The results show the psychological distress has a significant negative relationship with life satisfaction and resilience has a significant positive relationship with life satisfaction. Regression findings reveal that psychological distress and resilience were significant predictors of life satisfaction. Moderation findings show the resilience plays a significant moderating role between psychological distress and life satisfaction.Implications – The current research suggests improving the skills performance in the life of students. The present study helps to understand the importance of life satisfaction, especially among university students.Originality – This is the first study that used intervening variables psychological distress, resilience, and life satisfaction. It is not only particular for professionals or students to be aware of psychological distress toward life satisfaction in the Pakistani society but also to be educated about the culture itself and clinical area.***Tujuan - Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hubungan antara tekanan psikologis dengan kepuasan hidup mahasiswa selama gelombang kedua COVID-19, serta menilai peran moderasi resiliensi.Metode - Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa. Pemilihan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan strategi purposive sampling dan dipilih 200 siswa. Analisis data menggunakan analisis korelasi, analisis regresi berjenjang, dan analisis jalur.Hasil - Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tekanan psikologis memiliki hubungan negatif yang signifikan dengan kepuasan hidup dan resiliensi memiliki hubungan positif yang signifikan dengan kepuasan hidup. Temuan regresi mengungkapkan bahwa tekanan psikologis dan ketahanan merupakan prediktor signifikan dari kepuasan hidup. Temuan moderasi menunjukkan ketahanan memainkan peran moderasi yang signifikan antara tekanan psikologis dan kepuasan hidup.Implikasi - Penelitian saat ini menyarankan peningkatan kinerja keterampilan dalam kehidupan siswa. Studi ini membantu untuk memahami pentingnya kepuasan hidup, terutama di kalangan mahasiswa.Originalitas - Ini merupakan penelitian pertama yang menggunakan variabel intervening tekanan psikologis, resiliensi, dan kepuasan hidup. Tidak hanya bagi para profesional atau pelajar untuk menyadari tekanan psikologis terhadap kepuasan hidup dalam masyarakat Pakistan tetapi juga untuk dididik tentang budaya itu sendiri dan area klinis.
MODEL PENGEMBANGAN MASYARAKAT BERBASIS LAYANAN KESEHATAN CUMA-CUMA UNTUK KAUM DHU’AFA Kasus di Pos Sehat Al Ikhwan Parung-Bogor
Authors: Nilamsari Wati 
Published: March 2022

This paper is a research result examining the development model of community-based free health services to the poor (dhuafa) at Pos Sehat Al Ikhwan, Parung-Bogor. The writer used the Rothman and Glen’s theory to analize the case. This study used the local community development model. It is aimed to build the economic autonomy of community, in which they could determine and meet their own needs by using creative and operative processes. Having completed the mentoring process conducted by Da'wah and Communication Faculty, “Pos Sehat Al Ikhwan” attempts to maintain the continuity of health services for the dhu'afa in Bojong Indah, Parung, Bogor by strengthening network of the similar healthcare services being performed by advanced institutions to support the operational of “Pos Sehat”. Some of those are the health service of At Taqwa Mosque, and free health services of Dompet Dhu'afa which is until now still help advocating the “Pos Sehat Al Ikhwan” through connecting the Dompet Dhuafa donors with the “Pos Sehat Al-Ikhwan”.***Paper ini merupakan hasil penelitian yang mengkaji tentang Model Pengembangan Masyarakat berbasis layanan kesehatan Cuma-Cuma untuk kaum Dhuafa, dengan mengangkat kasus yang terjadi di Pos Sehat Al Ikhwan, Parung-Bogor. Analisis mengenai model pengembangan masyarakat pada layanan Kesehatan Pos Sehat Al Ikhwan menggunakan teori dari Rothman dan kawan-kawan maupun Glen. Penelitian ini merupakan model pengembangan masyarakat lokal. Model ini bertujuan untuk membangun kemandirian masyarakat, dimana masyarakat sendiri yang mendefinisikan dan memenuhi kebutuhan mereka sendiri dengan menggunakan proses-proses yang kratif dan operatif. Upaya yang dilakukan oleh Pos Sehat Al Ikhwan untuk menjaga keberlangsungan layanan kesehatan untuk kaum dhu’afa di Desa Bojong Indah, Parung, Bogor setelah selesainya proses pendampingan yang dilakukan oleh Fakultas Dakwah dan Komunikasi yaitu dengan memperkuat jaringan pada layanan kesehatan mandiri yang dilakukan oleh lembaga yang sudah maju untuk mendukung operasional Pos sehat, antara lain dengan Layanan Kesehatan Masjid At Taqwa Bintaro, dan juga Layanan Kesehatan Cuma-Cuma Dompet Dhua’afa yang hingga sekarang melakukan pendampingan pada pos sehat Al Ikhwan melaui mekanisme menghubungkan donatur Dompet Dhuafa dengan pos sehat Al Ikhwan.
Succinimide-based Reagents: Useful Catalysts for Important Organic Reactions
Authors: Shirini Farhad , Abedini Masoumeh , Kisomi Reyhaneh Pourhasan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
The aim of this work is an overview on the application of succinimide based reagents to the promotion of some important organic reactions including protection and multicomponent ones. Mild reaction conditions, simple and easy work-up procedure, high to excellent yields, and stability, and reusability of the catalysts are noteworthy advantages of these methods.
Schwartz Rounds for Staff in an Australian Tertiary Hospital: Protocol for a Pilot Uncontrolled Trial
Authors: Ewais Tatjana , Hunt Georgia , Munro Jonathan , Pun Paul , Hogan Christy , William Leeroy , Teodorczuk Andrew 
Published: March 2022

Background
Schwartz Rounds are a unique, organization-wide interdisciplinary intervention aimed at enhancing staff well-being, compassionate care, teamwork, and organizational culture in health care settings. They provide a safe space wherein both clinical and nonclinical health staff can connect and share their experiences about the social and emotional aspects of health care.

Objective
Although Schwartz Rounds have been assessed and widely implemented in the United States and United Kingdom, they are yet to be formally evaluated in Australian health care settings. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility and impact of Schwartz Rounds on staff well-being, compassionate care, and organizational culture, in a tertiary metropolitan hospital in Brisbane, Australia.

Methods
This mixed methods repeated measures pilot study will recruit 24 participants in 2 groups from 2 departments, the intensive care unit and the gastroenterology department. Participants from each group will take part in 3 unit-based Schwartz Rounds. Primary outcomes will include the study and intervention feasibility measures, while secondary outcomes will include scores on the Maslach Burnout Inventory–Human Services Survey, the Schwartz Centre Compassionate Care Scale, and the Culture of Care Barometer. Primary and secondary outcomes will be collected at baseline, after the Rounds, and 3-month follow-up. Two focus groups will be held approximately 2 months after completion of the Schwartz Rounds. Descriptive statistics, paired t tests, chi-square tests, and analysis of variance will be used to compare quantitative data across time points and groups. Qualitative data from focus groups and free-text survey questions will be analyzed using an inductive thematic analysis approach.

Results
The study was approved by the Mater Hospital Human Research Ethics Committee (reference number: HREC/MML/71868) and recruitment commenced in July 2021; study completion is anticipated by May 2022.

Conclusions
The study will contribute to the assessment of feasibility and preliminary efficacy of the Schwartz Rounds in a tertiary Australian hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Trial Registration
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12621001473853; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=382769&isReview=true

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/35083