bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of clinician prediction of survival in oncology outpatients with advanced cancer
Authors: Kim Yu Jung , Yoon Seok Joon , Suh Sang-Yeon , Hiratsuka Yusuke , Kang Beodeul , Lee Si Won , Ahn Hong-Yup , Suh Koung Jin , Kim Ji-Won , Kim Se Hyun , Kim Jin Won , Lee Keun-Wook , Kim Jee Hyun , Lee Jong Seok 
Published: April 2022

Background
We aimed to investigate the performance of clinician prediction of survival (CPS) and the association between CPS and the prognostic confidence of clinicians in ambulatory medical oncology outpatients.

Methods
Eight medical oncologists estimated the expected survival of their patients in a prospective cohort study. They were asked to provide a temporal type of CPS in weeks, together with their level of confidence for each prediction (0–100%). We analyzed the accuracy of CPS, the association between CPS and the prognostic confidence, and the characteristics of patients showing inaccurate CPS.

Results
A total of 200 advanced cancer patients were enrolled and the median overall survival was 7.6 months. CPS was accurate in 67 (33.5%) patients, underestimated in 87 (43.5%), and overestimated in 46 (23.0%). The overall accuracy of CPS for 12-week, 24-week, 36-week, and 48-week survival was 83.0%, 72.0%, 75.5%, and 74.0%, respectively. The specificity was highest for 12-week survival (90.2%) and the sensitivity was highest for 48-week survival (96.1%). The sensitivity of 12-week CPS was 51.4% and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was 0.79 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.71–0.87). The prognostic confidence of clinicians was not significantly associated with the accuracy of prediction (P = 0.359). Patients with overestimated survival had significantly poorer global health status and physical/role/emotional functioning in the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30). Additionally, they showed significantly higher levels of fatigue, nausea/vomiting, pain, dyspnea, and loss of appetite.

Conclusion
The overall accuracy of CPS in predicting 12-week to 48-week survival was high in medical oncology outpatients. However the sensitivity of 12-week CPS was low and prognostic confidence was not associated with the accuracy of CPS. Patients with overestimated CPS showed poorer quality of life and higher symptom burden.
A poly(amidoxime)-modified MOF macroporous membrane for high-efficient uranium extraction from seawater
Authors: Wang Jiawen , Sun Ye , Zhao Xuemei , Chen Lin , Peng Shuyi , Ma Chunxin , Duan Gaigai , Liu Zhenzhong , Wang Hui , Yuan Yihui , Wang Ning 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Although metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) own excellent uranium adsorption capacity but are still difficult to conveniently extract uranium from seawater due to the discrete powder state. In this study, a new MOF-based macroporous membrane has been explored, which can high-efficiently extract uranium through continuously filtering seawater. Through modifying the UiO-66 with poly(amidoxime) (PAO), it can disperse well in a N,N-dimethylformamide solution of graphene oxide and cotton fibers. Then, the as-prepared super-hydrophilic MOF-based macroporous membrane can be fabricated after simple suction filtration. Compared with nonmodified MOFs, this UiO-66@PAO can be dispersed uniformly in the membrane because it can stabilize well in the solution, which have largely enhanced uranium adsorbing capacity owing to the modified PAO. Last but not least, different from powder MOFs, this UiO-66@PAO membrane provides the convenient and continuously uranium adsorbing process. As a consequence, the uranium extraction capacity of this membrane can reach 579 mg·g−1 in 32 ppm U-added simulated seawater for only 24 h. Most importantly, this UiO-66@PAO membrane (100 mg) can remove 80.6% uranyl ions from 5 L seawater after 50 filtering cycles. This study provides a universal method to design and fabricate a new MOF-based adsorbent for high-efficient uranium recovery from seawater.
Face recognition algorithm based on stack denoising and self-encoding LBP
Authors: Lu Yanjing , Khan Mudassir , Ansari Mohd Dilshad 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
To optimize the weak robustness of traditional face recognition algorithms, the classification accuracy rate is not high, the operation speed is slower, so a face recognition algorithm based on local binary pattern (LBP) and stacked autoencoder (AE) is proposed. The advantage of LBP texture structure feature of the face image as the initial feature of sparse autoencoder (SAE) learning, use the unified mode LBP operator to extract the histogram of the blocked face image, connect to form the LBP features of the entire image. It is used as input of the stacked AE, feature extraction is done, realize the recognition and classification of face images. Experimental results show that the recognition rate of the algorithm LBP-SAE on the Yale database has achieved 99.05%, and it further shows that the algorithm has a higher recognition rate than the classic face recognition algorithm; it has strong robustness to light changes. Experimental results on the Olivetti Research Laboratory library shows that the developed method is more robust to light changes and has better recognition effects compared to traditional face recognition algorithms and standard stack AEs.
Bats can migrate farther than it was previously known: a new longest migration record by Nathusius’ pipistrelle Pipistrellus nathusii (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae)
Authors: Vasenkov Denis , Desmet Jean-François , Popov Igor , Sidorchuk Natalia 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Bat migrations have been studied for a long time, but large areas remain poorly explored in this regard. This note reports a record migration distance of the Nathusius’ pipistrelle – 2486 km from Russia to the French Alps. This distance exceeds the previous record flight from Latvia to Spain by 260 km. Hibernating colonies of Nathusius’ pipistrelle are known in the Caucasus. However, our data show that Nathusius’ pipistrelle can fly much longer for hibernating.
Recent developments and future perspectives of biorenewable nanocomposites for advanced applications
Authors: Iroegbu Austine Ofondu Chinomso , Ray Suprakas Sinha 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFossil-based resources are finite; thus, materials derivable from these resources are nonsustainable. As no methods for renewing the depleting fossil reserves have been discovered, humanity must seek renewable, sustainable, and efficient alternatives to satisfy its material needs and preserve civilization. Solar energy remains the “capital income” of the global community and is pivotal to meeting the current needs of humankind by using biorenewable resources. Hence, the scientific community should ultimately shift its focus away from the well-established field of fossil-based chemistry to the less examined area of biorenewable chemistry. Although nature-based materials offer enormous opportunities as eco-friendly and renewable resources toward materials sustainability, their application ranges are beset with limitations compared to conventional materials – hence, enhancing their properties for advanced applications toward sustainable development represents a very challenging task. This review discusses the existing techniques for various synergizing approaches developed in the fields of biology, chemistry, materials science, and nanotechnology to overcome the limitations of biorenewable nanocomposites, expand their application range into previously restricted areas, and establish biorenewables as viable alternatives to conventional materials fabricated from fossil-based resources. In addition, we briefly outline various preparation methods for biobased nanocomposites as their limitations and directions for future studies.
Divergences and Convergences of Perspective: Amerindian Perspectivism, Phenomenology, and Speculative Realism
Authors: Šatkauskas Ignas 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
According to Viveiros de Castro, comparison as ontology defines the ontological turn in anthropology. It presents a necessity for philosophy to approach the matter with comparative strategy. Morten Pedersen claims that ontological turn should be interpreted as a fulfillment of an anthropological version of Husserl’s method. Thus, phenomenology enters the field of interest along with its critique in Speculative Realism. In this article, we will see clearly why this selection is not accidental but rather unavoidable. Amerindian perspectivism necessitates the philosophical reconceptualization of perspective in general, which is to be taken as a challenge for the established discourses. The need arises to rethink the problematic of Kantian perspectivism and its offspring. Amerindian perspectivism proposes cosmological deictics that hold a spatiality of the perspective of the other, of the in-itself, thus it comes into an opposition to Kant’s system. Phenomenological perspective, as one of the Kantian offspring, faces a predicament that is interwoven with the critique of correlationism arriving from Speculative Realisms. The synthetic character of phenomenology allows enough flexibility for it to traverse these recent charges. We will draw a comparative picture of dynamic co-evolution of strains of recent thought, striving for a synthetic multiplicity, permeated by a common perspectival thread.
RSC CICAG Open Chemical Science meeting: integrating chemical data from two symposia and a series of workshops
Authors: Swain Christopher J. , Frey Jeremy G. , Goodman Jonathan M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In November 2020 the Royal Society of Chemistry Chemical Information and Computer Applications interest group (RSC CICAG) ran a five-day meeting entitled Open Chemical Science (https://www.rsc.org/events/detail/42090/open-chemical-science). This event had three intertwined themes, Open Data, Open Access publishing and a series of workshops highlighting a variety of Open-Source tools for chemistry. The online event proved to be enormously popular, with attendees from 45 different countries. The challenges involved in converting what was planned as a three-day physical event into a five day virtual event with three intertwined strands was recognised by the RSC with the award of the “2021 Inspirational Committee Award” (https://www.rsc.org/prizes-funding/prizes/2021-winners/rsc-chemical-information-and-computer-applications-group/). The workshops in particular proved to be enormously popular and spawned a year long series of further workshops.
Evaluation of 186WS2 target material for production of high specific activity 186Re via proton irradiation: separation, radiolabeling and recovery/recycling
Authors: Charles Anster , Khosrashahi Firouzeh Najafi , Ma Li , Munindradasa Chathurya , Hoerres Rebecca , Lydon John D. , Kelley Steven P. , Guthrie James , Rotsch David , Medvedev Dmitri , Cutler Cathy S. , Li Yawen , Wilbur D. Scott , Hennkens Heather M. , Jurisson Silvia S. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Enriched tungsten disulfide (186WS2) was evaluated at increasing proton beam currents (20–50 μA) and times (up to 4 h) on a GE PETtrace cyclotron for production of high specific activity (HSA) 186Re. The HSA 186Re was separated from the irradiated target as [186Re][ReO4]– by a liquid–liquid extraction method and radiolabeled with a new N2S2 ligand (222-MAMA-N-ethylpropionate). The enriched 186W was recovered from the extraction process, analyzed for purity and enrichment, and converted back to the disulfide (186WS2). The results demonstrate that the 186WS2 is an easily pressed target material that can withstand relatively high currents and can be readily recovered and recycled. The 186Re produced was isolated in high specific activity and readily formed the radiotracers [186Re][ReO(222-MAMA-N-ethylpropionate)] and [186Re][Re(CO)3(OH2)3] +.
The aqueous chemistry of radium
Authors: Brown Paul L. , Matyskin Artem V. , Ekberg Christian 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Available literature data on the aqueous chemistry of radium are compiled. There are limited available experimental data and a significant portion of the data has been estimated using electrostatic techniques, typically based on the corresponding data of barium. The available data are compared with the corresponding data of barium (and strontium) and a methodology for estimating additional radium thermochemical data is described.
Unfolding Judicial Ideology: A Data-Generating Priors Approach with an Application to the Brazilian Supreme Court
Authors: Medina Damares , dalla Pellegrina Lucia , Garoupa Nuno 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Spatial models, in the form of latent response theories (ideal point estimation), have been widely used to study the voting behavior of judges in collegial courts. In some specific institutional contexts, building coherent testable hypotheses with conventional methodology is challenging. We set up a non-parametric method to identify the number and nature of the latent ideological traits allegedly orienting judicial voting behavior in the absence of prior information regarding the nature of their preferences. We draw information from explorative cluster analysis conducted on votes cast by judges in the decisions of the court to construct priors in the context of Item Response Theory. We concentrate on the Brazilian Supreme Court in the period 2009–2018. We primarily find that votes express a split which groups judges into two distinct clusters. On one side, we find judges appointed further back in time and with longer tenure on the bench; on the other side, we observe judges more recently appointed and with shorter experience. Judges are likely to respond to the presidential appointer and to elements related to their origin, university education, and career background (aside from the guidance of their own experience). Our study provides an original empirical approach that is not limited to the Brazilian Supreme Court, but is suitable to investigate judicial voting behavior when the nature of potential ideological drivers is debatable, controversial, or unknown.
Determining Soil Plasticity Utilizing Manafi Method and Apparatus
Authors: Manafi Masoud S. G. , Deng An , Taheri Abbas , Jaksa Mark B. , HB Nagaraj 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Soil plasticity is one of the essential index properties required for classifying soils in geotechnical engineering practice. Determination of plasticity properties of soils is also critical for correlation with their engineering properties such as shear strength, permeability, and compressibility. However, present standard test methods for soil plasticity suffer, to different extents, from operator-dependency and inconsistency. This study introduces a new technique utilizing a combined qualitative and quantitative approach for soil property determinations, namely the Manafi Method and Apparatus. The method is proposed as an alternative technique to determine the liquid and plastic limits of soils. The proposed technique is instrumented with a new soil extrusion device to quantify the workability of soils and is calibrated to translate the workability to their liquid and plastic limits. The method is applied to seven soils of varying particle sizes and plasticity to determine the liquid and plastic limits, and the results are compared with those obtained by the conventional methods. The outcomes suggest that the new technique provides a more precise and reliable means of soil plasticity determination in the studied samples.
Energy Saving Configuration of Embedded Sensor Transfer Nodes in the LOT for Dust Movement Monitoring in an Atmospheric Environment from the Health Perspective
Authors: Wang Bo , Yao Xuliang , Jiang Yongqing , Sun Chao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In order to reduce the energy consumption of sensor transfer nodes in atmospheric environment monitoring, the energy-saving configuration of embedded sensor transfer nodes in the Internet of Things (IOT) for dust movement monitoring in the atmospheric environment is proposed. Firstly, the wireless sensor network technology is analyzed. Combined with the characteristics of data transmission in the process of dust movement monitoring in the atmospheric environment, the energy-saving configuration of an embedded sensor transfer node in the Internet of Things is designed, and sleep scheduling is introduced into the data transmission module. According to the spatial correlation of dust movement in the atmosphere, different state areas are divided, and the optimal node is selected as the representative node of the monitoring area data transmission to reduce energy consumption of nodes. The simulation results show that the time of dead nodes is about 150 rounds, and the energy consumption is kept at 0.0025 J/round, and it is basically stable without obvious energy consumption fluctuation. It realizes the energy saving of specialized nodes in sensors and improves the operation life of sensor networks. It has certain research value.
Modulus Back-Calculation of Four-Layer System Based on the Characteristic Parameters of Deflection Basin
Authors: Liu Xu , Wang Xudong , Wu Yang , Zhou Xingye 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Falling weight deflectometer (FWD) is the most widely used nondestructive testing method for pavement structure. The back-calculation of structural modulus based on the deflection basin is an important approach to evaluate the service state of pavement structure and study the evolution law of its behavior. Although the deflection of pavement can be approximated as elastic deformation by the instantaneous impact load in FWD testing, the nonlinear response characteristics of structure and materials are non-negligible, which brings difficulties to the modulus back-calculation for a multilayer system. This paper proposes a new back-calculation method of the four-layer structure, which is based on the linear elastic layered mechanical system, through analyzing the empirical relationship between the geometric characteristics of the measured deflection basin and the corresponding moduli of the structural layers. In addition, the feasibility and reliability of this method are evaluated by using the FWD data of the representative structures in the RIOHTrack test road.
Identificación de conflictos éticos y bioéticos relacionados con los pesticidas en Colombia
Authors: Molano Quintero Yessica Marcela , García Villalobos Astrid Carolina 
Published: April 2022

En Colombia, los campesinos han empleado pesticidas de origen químico que han resultado en daños al suelo y a la salud de los mismos, lo cual ha originado que se den riesgos y conflictos de origen ético respecto al uso de los productos, puesto que los campesinos desconocen en muchas ocasiones los efectos perjudiciales que traen consigo los pesticidas, y las empresas productoras si conocen estos efectos (Espluga Trenc, 2001); el artículo aborda la identificación de conflictos desde una perspectiva ética por medio de principios de orden ético tales como los principios cardinales de Ricardo Maliandi, el principio de Justicia de Beauchamp y Childress como modo de profundización del principio de Universalidad, el principio de autonomía de Beauchamp y Childress que profundiza el principio de Individualización, el principio de precaución que explica el principio de Conservación y el principio de Responsabilidad que a su vez se concreta en el principio de Realización. Por medio de los nexos entre los puntos cardinales y las especificaciones de los mísmos permiten identificar y abordar los conflictos generados por el uso de pesticidas en el País, en búsqueda de reducir los daños al suelo y la salud de los campesinos que lo trabajan.
Ultrasound for Pediatric Peripheral Intravenous Catheter Insertion: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mitchell Evan O. , Jones Philip , Snelling Peter J. 
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVESEstablishing peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) access in infants and children is a common procedure but can be technically difficult. The primary objective was to determine the effect ultrasound had on first attempt PIVC insertion success rates in the pediatric population. Secondary objectives included overall success rates and subgroups analyses.METHODSA systematic review of articles using Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Randomized trials evaluating ultrasound-guided PIVC insertion against the landmark approach in pediatric patients who reported at least 1 outcome of success rate (first attempt or overall) were included. Methodological quality of the literature was assessed using the Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials. A meta-analysis using a random-effects model was performed.RESULTSNine studies with 1350 patients, from a total of 1033 studies, were included for analysis. Ultrasound showed a statistically significant improvement in PIVC insertion success on first attempt in 5 of 8 studies, with an overall success rate of 78% in the ultrasound group and 66% in the control group. The secondary outcome of overall success was improved by ultrasound in studies that allowed ≥3 attempts (pooled OR 3.57, 95% CI 2.05 to 6.21, P &lt; .001, I2 = 0.0%).CONCLUSIONSThis systematic review suggested that ultrasound improves pediatric PIVC first pass and overall success rates. Subgroup analysis showed improvement in PIVC success rates for patients with difficult intravenous access and a single operator, dynamic, short-axis ultrasound technique.