bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An 18‐month follow‐up of the Covid‐19 psychology research consortium study panel: Survey design and fieldwork procedures for Wave 6
Authors: McBride Orla , Butter Sarah , Martinez Anton P. , Shevlin Mark , Murphy Jamie , Hartman Todd K. , McKay Ryan , Hyland Philip , Bennett Kate M. , Stocks Thomas V. A. , Gibson‐Miller Jilly , Levita Liat , Mason Liam , Bentall Richard P. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesEstablished in March 2020, the C19PRC Study monitors the psychological and socio‐economic impact of the pandemic in the UK and other countries. This paper describes the protocol for Wave 6 (August–September 2021).MethodsThe survey assessed: COVID‐19 related experiences; experiences of common mental health disorders; psychological characteristics; and social and political attitudes. Adult participants from any previous wave (N = 3170) were re‐invited, and sample replenishment procedures helped manage attrition. Weights were calculated using a survey raking algorithm to ensure the on‐going original panel (from baseline) was nationally representative in terms of gender, age, and household income, amongst other factors.Results1643 adults were re‐interviewed at Wave 6 (51.8% retention rate). Non‐participation was higher younger adults, those born outside UK, and adults living in cities. Of the adults recruited at baseline, 54.3% (N = 1100) participated in Wave 6. New respondent (N = 415) entered the panel at this wave, resulting in cross‐sectional sample for Wave 6 of 2058 adults. The raking procedure re‐balanced the longitudinal panel to within 1.3% of population estimates for selected socio‐demographic characteristics.ConclusionsThis paper outlines the growing strength of the publicly available C19PRC Study data for COVID‐19‐related interdisciplinary research.
Time‐dependent diffusivity and kurtosis in phantoms and patients with head and neck cancer
Authors: Solomon Eddy , Lemberskiy Gregory , Baete Steven , Hu Kenneth , Malyarenko Dariya , Swanson Scott , Shukla‐Dave Amita , Russek Stephen E. , Zan Elcin , Kim Sungheon Gene 
Published: October 2022

PurposeTo assess the reliability of measuring diffusivity, diffusional kurtosis, and cellular‐interstitial water exchange time with long diffusion times (100–800 ms) using stimulated‐echo DWI.MethodsTime‐dependent diffusion MRI was tested on two well‐established diffusion phantoms and in 5 patients with head and neck cancer. Measurements were conducted using an in‐house diffusion‐weighted STEAM‐EPI pulse sequence with multiple diffusion times at a fixed TE on three scanners. We used the weighted linear least‐squares fit method to estimate time‐dependent diffusivity, , and diffusional kurtosis, . Additionally, the Kärger model was used to estimate cellular‐interstitial water exchange time () from .ResultsDiffusivity measured by time‐dependent STEAM‐EPI measurements and commercial SE‐EPI showed comparable results withR2above 0.98 and overall 5.4 ± 3.0% deviation across diffusion times. Diffusional kurtosis phantom data showed expected patterns: constant and = 0 for negative controls and slow varying and for samples made of nanoscopic vesicles. Time‐dependent diffusion MRI in patients with head and neck cancer found that the Kärger model could be considered valid in 72% ± 23% of the voxels in the metastatic lymph nodes. The median cellular‐interstitial water exchange time estimated for lesions was between 58.5 ms and 70.6 ms.ConclusionsBased on two well‐established diffusion phantoms, we found that time‐dependent diffusion MRI measurements can provide stable diffusion and kurtosis values over a wide range of diffusion times and across multiple MRI systems. Moreover, estimation of cellular‐interstitial water exchange time can be achieved using the Kärger model for the metastatic lymph nodes in patients with head and neck cancer.
Methods for drug safety signal detection using routinely collected observational electronic health care data: A systematic review
Authors: Coste Astrid , Wong Angel , Bokern Marleen , Bate Andrew , Douglas Ian J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPurposeSignal detection is a crucial step in the discovery of post‐marketing adverse drug reactions. There is a growing interest in using routinely collected data to complement established spontaneous report analyses. This work aims to systematically review the methods for drug safety signal detection using routinely collected healthcare data and their performance, both in general and for specific types of drugs and outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines, and registered a protocol in PROSPERO. MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library were searched until July 13, 2021.ResultsThe review included 101 articles, among which there were 39 methodological works, 25 performance assessment papers, and 24 observational studies. Methods included adaptations from those used with spontaneous reports, traditional epidemiological designs, methods specific to signal detection with real‐world data. More recently, implementations of machine learning have been studied in the literature. Twenty‐five studies evaluated method performances, 16 of them using the area under the curve (AUC) for a range of positive and negative controls as their main measure. Despite the likelihood that performance measurement could vary by drug‐event pair, only 10 studies reported performance stratified by drugs and outcomes, in a heterogeneous manner. The replicability of the performance assessment results was limited due to lack of transparency in reporting and the lack of a gold standard reference set.ConclusionsA variety of methods have been described in the literature for signal detection with routinely collected data. No method showed superior performance in all papers and across all drugs and outcomes, performance assessment and reporting were heterogeneous. However, there is limited evidence that self‐controlled designs, high dimensional propensity scores, and machine learning can achieve higher performances than other methods.
Efficient removal of rhodamine B and methylene blue from water using polyurethane based porous material
Authors: Kumar Rajan , Kumar Pawan , Panigrahi Swati , Lakshminarasimhan Narayanan , Shunmugam Raja 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHere the thermally catalyzed azide‐alkyne click reaction was invoked for synthesis of functional triazole. The formed triazole was invoked to engineer polyurethane as water immiscible material. The synthesized functional triazole and polyurethane were well characterized using spectroscopic techniques—nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), electrospray ionization mass spectrum (ESI MS), and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR‐FTIR) accordingly. The N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms confirmed the material to be mesoporous in nature with a surface area of 12.89 m2/g, pore volume of 0.085 cc/g, and pore radius of 7.14 nm. The characterized triazole material can be crucial with properties related to antifungal responses and UV absorption. The polyurethane material showed adsorption of amphiphilic dye—rhodamine (RH B) and methylene blue (MB). It was selective to release of rhodamine B (RH B) quite efficiently. The recycling of polyurethane reported up to cycle four revealed efficient adsorption‐release.
Plasma proteomics identify potential severity biomarkers from COVID‐19 associated network
Authors: Sahin Ayse Tugce , Yurtseven Ali , Dadmand Sina , Ozcan Gulin , Akarlar Busra A. , Kucuk Nazli Ezgi Ozkan , Senturk Aydanur , Ergonul Onder , Can Fusun , Tuncbag Nurcan , Ozlu Nurhan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPurposeCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) continues to threaten public health globally. Severe acute respiratory coronavirus type 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection‐dependent alterations in the host cell signaling network may unveil potential target proteins and pathways for therapeutic strategies. In this study, we aim to define early severity biomarkers and monitor altered pathways in the course of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.Experimental DesignWe systematically analyzed plasma proteomes of COVID‐19 patients from Turkey by using mass spectrometry. Different severity grades (moderate, severe, and critical) and periods of disease (early, inflammatory, and recovery) are monitored. Significant alterations in protein expressions are used to reconstruct the COVID‐19 associated network that was further extended to connect viral and host proteins.ResultsAcross all COVID‐19 patients, 111 differentially expressed proteins were found, of which 28 proteins were unique to our study mainly enriching in immunoglobulin production. By monitoring different severity grades and periods of disease, CLEC3B, MST1, and ITIH2 were identified as potential early predictors of COVID‐19 severity. Most importantly, we extended the COVID‐19 associated network with viral proteins and showed the connectedness of viral proteins with human proteins. The most connected viral protein ORF8, which has a role in immune evasion, targets many host proteins tightly connected to the deregulated human plasma proteins.Conclusions and Clinical RelevancePlasma proteomes from critical patients are intrinsically clustered in a distinct group than severe and moderate patients. Importantly, we did not recover any grouping based on the infection period, suggesting their distinct proteome even in the recovery phase. The new potential early severity markers can be further studied for their value in the clinics to monitor COVID‐19 prognosis. Beyond the list of plasma proteins, our disease‐associated network unravels altered pathways, and the possible therapeutic targets in SARS‐CoV‐2 infection by connecting human and viral proteins. Follow‐up studies on the disease associated network that we propose here will be useful to determine molecular details of viral perturbation and to address how the infection affects human physiology.
Jatrorrhizine ameliorates Schwann cell myelination via inhibiting HDAC3 ability to recruit Atxn2l for regulating the NRG1‐ErbB2‐PI3K‐AKT pathway in diabetic peripheral neuropathy mice
Authors: Gong Xiaobao , Gui Zhenwei , Ye Xiaoli , Li Xuegang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDiabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a chronic complication associated with nerve dysfunction and uncontrolled hyperglycemia. Unfortunately, due to its complicated etiology, there has been no successful therapy for DPN. Our research recently revealed that jatrorrhizine (JAT), one of the active constituents of Rhizoma Coptidis, remarkably ameliorated DPN. This work highlighted the potential mechanism through which JAT relieves DPN using db/db mice. The results indicated that JAT treatment significantly decreased the threshold for thermal and mechanical stimuli and increased nerve conduction velocity. Histopathological analysis revealed that JAT significantly increased the number of sciatic nerve fibers and axons, myelin thickness, and axonal diameters. Additionally, JAT markedly elevated the expression of myelination‐associated proteins (MBP, MPZ, and Pmp22). The screening of histone deacetylases (HDAC) determined that histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) is an excellent target for JAT‐induced myelination enhancement. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry—(MS)/MS and coimmunoprecipitation analyses further confirmed that HDAC3 antagonizes the NRG1‐ErbB2‐PI3K‐AKT signaling axis by interacting with Atxn2l to augment SCs myelination. Thus, JAT ameliorates SCs myelination in DPN mice via inhibiting the recruitment of Atxn2l by HDAC3 to regulate the NRG1‐ErbB2‐PI3K‐AKT pathway.
Bezold–Jarisch reflex mediated syncope in pulmonary arterial hypertension: An illustrative case series
Authors: Agboola Kolade M. , Kowlgi Gurukripa N. , Csecs Ibolya , DuBrock Hilary M. , Cajigas Hector R. , Allison Thomas G. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe present a novel description of Bezold–Jarisch Reflex (BJR) during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in three young female patients with Group 1 pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). These three cases presented within 26 months, representing only 0.8% of 11,387 tests on patients with PAH undergoing CPET during this time frame.
Understanding the characteristics of microphysical processes in the rapid intensity changes of tropical cyclones over the Bay of Bengal
Authors: Nekkali Yerni Srinivas , Osuri Krishna K. , Das Ananda Kumar , Niyogi Dev 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to understand the microphysical processes that affect rapid intensity changes of tropical cyclones (TCs) over the Bay of Bengal (BoB). Four representative TCs were simulated using the Weather Research and Forecasting model with storm tracking nested configuration (at 9‐km and 3‐km resolution). Results indicate that the inner‐core heating strongly correlated (r > 0.85) with the precipitated compared to non‐precipitated hydrometeors. Furthermore, the vertical distribution of hydrometeors and heating is dependent on inner‐core updrafts and relative humidity. A novel composite analysis of microphysical processes indicates that the warmer (2 K) inner core is close to saturation (>90%) with excess water vapor (>2–3 × 10−3 kg·kg−1), which enhances the latent heat release (LHR) through condensation below the freezing level during the rapid intensification (RI) onset. In addition, during RI, strong updrafts transport the water vapor (>2 × 10−3 kg·kg−1) and cloud liquid water (2.5 × 10−4 kg·kg−1) to above freezing level, and enhance the LHR because of deposition and freezing respectively. The increased precipitating particles in the saturated inner core also enhance LHR. The symmetric convection structured by the atmospheric moisture causes the formation of prolonged RI episodes, as seen in TCPhailin. During rapid weakening (RW), asymmetric and relatively fewer hydrometeors are evident, along with the presence of weak updrafts and strong shear. The dry‐air intrusion into the inner core also causes the cooling processes (evaporation and sublimation). The enhancement or reduction of moist static energy and potential vorticity is associated with increased or reduced LHR in the TC rapid intensity changes.
Computer Aided Development of Nucleic Acid Applications in Nanotechnologies
Authors: Paloncýová Markéta , Pykal Martin , Kührová Petra , Banáš Pavel , Šponer Jiří , Otyepka Michal 
Published: October 2022

AbstractUtilization of nucleic acids (NAs) in nanotechnologies and nanotechnology‐related applications is a growing field with broad application potential, ranging from biosensing up to targeted cell delivery. Computer simulations are useful techniques that can aid design and speed up development in this field. This review focuses on computer simulations of hybrid nanomaterials composed of NAs and other components. Current state‐of‐the‐art molecular dynamics simulations, empirical force fields (FFs), and coarse‐grained approaches for the description of deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid are critically discussed. Challenges in combining biomacromolecular and nanomaterial FFs are emphasized. Recent applications of simulations for modeling NAs and their interactions with nano‐ and biomaterials are overviewed in the fields of sensing applications, targeted delivery, and NA templated materials. Future perspectives of development are also highlighted.
Metal–Organic Cage as Single‐Molecule Carrier for Solid‐State Nanopore Analysis
Authors: Wang Zhan , Hu Rui , Zhu Rui , Lu Wenlong , Wei Guanghao , Zhao Jing , Gu Zhi‐Yuan , Zhao Qing 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe ability to detect biomolecules at the single‐molecule level is at the forefront of biological research, precision medicine, and early diagnosis. Recently, solid‐state nanopore sensors have emerged as a promising technique for label‐free and precise diagnosis assay. However, insufficient sensitivity and selectivity for small analytes are a great challenge for clinical diagnosis applications via solid‐state nanopores. Here, for the first time, a metal–organic cage, PCC‐57, is employed as a carrier to increase the sensitivity and selectivity of solid‐state nanopores based on the intrinsic interaction of the nanocage with biomolecules. Firstly, it is found that the carrier itself is undetectable unless bound with the target analytes and used oligonucleotides as linkers to attach PCC‐57 and target analytes. Secondly, two small analytes, oligonucleotide conjugated angiopep‐2 and polyphosphoric acid, are successfully distinguished using the molecular carrier. Finally, selectivity of nanopore detection is achieved by attaching PCC‐57 to oligonucleotide‐tailed aptamers, and the human alpha‐thrombin sample is successfully detected. It is believed that the highly designable metal–organic cage could serve as a rich carrier repository for a variety of biomolecules, facilitating single‐molecule screening of clinically relevant biomolecules based on solid‐state nanopores in the future.
A Multi‐Template Fusion Object Tracking Algorithm Based on Graph Attention Network
Authors: Lu Xiaofeng , Li Xiaopeng , Wang Zhengyang , Hei Xinhong 
Published: October 2022

In recent years, the object‐tracking algorithm based on Siamese network has gradually become the mainstream algorithm in the field of object tracking due to its characteristics of balancing speed and accuracy. The majority of Siamese‐based trackers only use the first frame extraction template for subsequent tracking in order to prevent the introduction of noise. However, merely with a single initial template employed, it is difficult to achieve the best performance of the tracker in the face of complex tracking environments such as occlusion, motion blur, and non‐rigid deformation. Therefore, the present paper proposes a new multi‐template fusion module based on graph attention network (G‐M module), which consists of two parts: a graph‐attention‐network‐based feature‐embedding module (G module) and a multi‐template fusion module (M module). It can greatly reduce the background noise introduced by template updating while improving the tracker's ability to adapt to changes in object appearance. In addition, in order to maximize the value of G‐M module, the present paper also puts forward a two‐stage template update threshold judgment mechanism. The Pearson correlation coefficient (PCCs) is introduced and combined with APCE and the maximum response value (F‐max) to filter out reliable templates for updating. In this paper, the proposed method is applied to the SiamFC and SiamFC++ trackers. Extensive experiments on mainstream data sets, such as OTB2015, VOT2016, and GOT‐10 k, show that the proposed method can effectively update the tracking template and improve the tracker performance. © 2022 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Impairment of ovarian follicular development caused by titanium dioxide nanoparticles exposure involved in the TGF‐β/BMP/Smad pathway
Authors: Ji Jianhui , Zhou Yingjun , Li Zhengpeng , Zhuang Juan , Ze Yuguan , Hong Fashui 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTitanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) have been shown to induce reproductive system damages in animals. To better underline how TiO2 NPs act in reproductive system, female mice were exposed to 2.5, 5, or 10 mg/kg TiO2 NPs by gavage administration for 60 days, the ovary injuries, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels as well as ovarian follicular development‐related molecule expression were investigated. The results showed that TiO2 NPs exposure resulted in reduction of ovary weight and inhibition of ovarian follicular development. Furthermore, the suppression of follicular development was demonstrated to be closely related to higher FSH and LH levels, and higher expression of activin, follistatin, BMP2, BMP4, TGF‐β1, Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4 as well as decreased inhibin‐α expression in mouse ovary in a dose‐dependent manner. It implies that the impairment of ovarian follicular development caused by TiO2 NPs exposure may be mediated by TGF‐β signal pathway.
PCNB exposure during early embryogenic development induces developmental delay and teratogenicity by altering the gene expression in Xenopus laevis
Authors: Ismail Tayaba , Lee Hongchan , Kim Youni , Ryu Hong‐Yeoul , Cho Dong‐Hyung , Ryoo Zae Young , Lee Dong‐Seok , Kwon Taeg Kyu , Park Tae Joo , Kwon Taejoon , Lee Hyun‐Shik 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) is an organochlorine fungicide commonly used to treat seeds against seedling infections and controlling snow mold on golf courses. PCNB has been demonstrated to be toxic to living organisms, including fish and several terrestrial organisms. However, only phenotypical deformities have been studied, and the effects of PCNB on early embryogenesis, where primary organogenesis occurs, have not been completely studied. In the current study, the developmental toxicity and teratogenicity of PCNB is evaluated by using frog embryo teratogenesis assay Xenopus (FETAX). Our results confirmed the teratogenic potential of PCNB revealing the teratogenic index of 1.29 during early embryogenesis. Morphological studies revealed tiny head, bent axis, reduced inter ocular distance, hyperpigmentation, and reduced total body lengths. Whole mount in situ hybridization and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction were used to identify PCNB teratogenic effects at the gene level. The gene expression analyses revealed that PCNB was embryotoxic to the liver and heart of developing embryos. Additionally, to determine the most sensitive developmental stages to PCNB, embryos were exposed to the compound at various developmental stages, demonstrating that the most sensitive developmental stage to PCNB is primary organogenesis. Taken together, we infer that PCNB's teratogenic potential affects not just the phenotype of developing embryos but also the associated genes and involving the oxidative stress as a possible mechanism of toxicity, posing a hazard to normal embryonic growth. However, the mechanisms of teratogenesis require additional extensive investigation to be defined completely.
Oberflächenfunktionalisierung 3D‐gedruckter transparenter Optiken
Authors: Wolleb Sabrina Jasmin , Kemper Falk , Schulz Ulrike 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungAdditive Fertigungsverfahren bieten vielversprechende Vorteile im Vergleich zur konventionellen Fertigung. Maximale Freiheitsgrade im Design, hohe Individualität und Nachhaltigkeit sind offensichtlich. Eine große Herausforderung stellt bis heute der Druck hochtransparenter makroskopischer Optiken dar. Für zukünftige Anwendungen im Bereich Optik wurde ein intern entwickeltes, hochtransparentes Hybridpolymer mittels InkjetVerfahren gedruckt und anschließend das Potential zur Oberflächenfunktionalisierung mittels Plasmaätzen untersucht. Die Charakterisierung erfolgte vor und nach der Plasmabehandlung mittels Rasterelektronenmikroskopie (REM), Fourier‐Transformations‐Infrarot‐Spektroskopie in abgeschwächter Totalreflexion (FTIR‐ATR) sowie optischer Spektroskopie. Die Ergebnisse zeigen eine selbstorganisierte Nano‐struktur mit hervorragenden Anti‐reflexeigenschaften vom sichtbaren bis in den nahen Infrarotbereich. Die Strukturentstehung erfolgt durch den Abbau des Organikanteils im Hybridpolymer während der Plasmabehandlung.