bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance Assessment of an Anti-Xa Assay-Based Heparin Dosing Protocol in Pediatric Patients on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors: Al-Jazairi Abdulrazaq , Shorog Eman , Owaidah Tarek , dalaty Hani Al , Alheriash Yasser , Almehizia Rayd , Alahmadi Mamdouh 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction: The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in the post-operative cardiac critical care setting is evolving. Anticoagulation monitoring is among the most challenging aspects of pediatrics. However, there is no consensus on the optimal dosing and monitoring of unfractionated heparin in this setting. To address this, we developed an anti-Xa assay-based protocol derived from the best available clinical and anecdotal evidence of use in ECMO therapy. Objective: To assess the performance of the protocol in achieving the anti-Xa assay therapeutic target.
Methods: This prospective single-arm study was conducted in the Pediatric Cardiac Surgical Intensive Care Unit at a large tertiary hospital. We used two different anti-Xa assay intensity levels based on the patient’s bleeding status.
Results: The median age was seven months (interquartile range [IQR]: 5–11.25), and the median weight was 5.7 kg (IQR: 3.8–13.82). The median ECMO duration was six days (IQR: 4.5–7.5). The bleeding protocol was used for most of the patients. Seventy percent achieved the anti-Xa assay therapeutic target during the study period (median: 75.5 hours; IQR: 60.5–117.5). Hemorrhagic complications were reported in 40 percent of the patients and thrombotic complications in 25 percent. The median hospital length of stay was 37 days (IQR: 22–43), with a discharge survival rate of 75 percent. Conclusion and Relevance: Despite a failure to achieve the anti-Xa assay target in the first ECMO days, most of our patients achieved the target by the median ECMO duration. Moreover, using two different anti-Xa assay levels reduced thrombotic complications in pediatrics.
Improvement of Vitamin K2 Production by Bacillus subtilis mutant with leakage fermentation
Authors: Zhou Meng-jie , Wu Jing , Hu Liu-xiu , Hu Wen-song , Huang Jun-bao , Huang Xi-lin , Gao Xu-li , Luo Ya-ni , Xue Zheng-lian , Liu Yan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Menaquinone-7 (MK-7), a highly valuable member of the vitamin K2 series, is an essential nutrient for humans. It plays an important role in the treatment of coagulation, osteoporosis, promotion of liver function recovery and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. In this study, in order to further improve the metabolic synthesis of MK-7 by the mutant strain, the effect of metabolic synthesis of MK-7 by mutant strain Bacillus subitilis 168 KO-SinR (BS168 KO-SinR) was analyzed by adding surfactants. The results showed that the addition of surfactants changed the permeability of the cell membrane of the mutant strain and the structural components of the biofilm, as indicated by scanning electron microscopy and flow cytometry. When 0.7% Tween-80 was added into the medium, the extracellular and intracellular synthesis of MK-7 reached 28.8 mg/L and 59.2 mg/L, respectively, increasing the total synthesis of MK-7 by 80.3%. qRT-PCR showed that the addition of surfactant significantly increased the expression level of MK-7 synthesis-related genes, and the results of electron microscope showed that the addition of surfactant changed the permeability of cell membrane. The research results of this paper provide a certain reference value for the industrial development of MK-7 prepared by fermentation.
Bamboo wine brewing leads to high abundance of Basidiomycetes rather than Ascomycetes of the soil fungal community in Phyllostachys edulis (moso bamboo) forest
Authors: Peng Yan , DENG Wenkai , SU Jianru , WEI Jie , JIANG Wei , YANG Chen , LI Tingting , ZHU Jian 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose Environmental conditions have an important impact on soil microbial communities. This study aimed to explore the effects of special management of bamboo wine brewing on the soil fungal community structure and dominant flora in Phyllostachys edulis (moso bamboo) forest.
Methods In this experiment, the geometric center of moso bamboo forest was taken as the core, and three kinds of soils including the core area of bamboo forest (J1), non-bamboo forest area (J2) and marginal area of bamboo forest (J3) were selected as the research objects.The community structure and diversity of soil fungi and FunGuild function prediction were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing on IonS5TMXL sequencing platform using ITS sequencing technology.
Results The results showed that: (1) in contrast to other bamboo forests and woodlands, the abundance of Ascomycetes in bamboo forest soil was higher than that of Basidiomycetes under bamboo wine making environment. (2) In the core area of bamboo forest J1, the soil fungal community complexity and species diversity were higher because of this special management. As samples gradually approached the core area of bamboo forest J1 from the non-bamboo forest J2, the dominant species of Basidiomycetes transitioned from Saitozyma podzolica to Burgoa anomala. Meanwhile, the dominant species of the Ascomycota shifted from Gliocladiopsis forsbergii to Fusarium oxysporum and Cyberlindnera saturnus. (3) The special bamboo forest management of bamboo wine brewing could reduce the abundance of plant pathogens and animal pathogens in bamboo forest soil, and Saitozyma and Penicillium, which had antibacterial effects, were important. As a result, the abundance of Fungal parasite-Undefinded Saprotroph (26.86%), Ectomycorrhizal (10.46%) and Ericoid Mycorrhizal (6.66%) increased significantly.
Conclusions Our study indicated that the special management of bamboo wine brewing could change soil fungal community structure and diversity by increasing Basidiomycete abundance and inhibiting soil pathogens in moso bamboo forest.
Drug susceptibility of clinical isolates of <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> complex
Authors: Starkova D. A. , Zhuravlev V. Yu. , Solovieva N. S. 
Published: December 2022

The objective: to study drug susceptibility of M. avium and M. intracellulare isolates received from patients with mycobacteriosis residing in the North Western Federal District using the Sensititre SLOMYCO panels.Subjects and Methods. From 2014 to 2020, 192 slow-growing MAC strains (164 – M. avium, 28 – M. intracellulare) obtained from HIV-negative patients with pulmonary mycobacteriosis were studied. Drug susceptibility testing of MAC strains was performed using the Sensititre SLOMYCO panel consisting of 13 antibacterial drugs.Results. Of the 13 antibacterial drugs, clarithromycin was also most effective against both M. avium (67.1%; 110/164) and M. intracellulare (60.7%; 17/28) (p > 0.05). The proportion of M. avium and M. intracellulare strains sensitive to linezolid was high and amounted to 57.3 and 53.5%, as well as to amikacin – 57.3 and 53.5% respectively.Of the four antibacterial drugs of the Sensititre SLOMYCO panel (clarithromycin, moxiﬂoxacin, linezolid, and amikacin), for which critical concentrations (CC) were established, clarithromycin was the most eﬀective against M. avium and M. intracellulare. Antibiotic-resistant M. avium isolates were more frequent in the group of previously treated patients.
Causes of continuous and short-term hypoxia in rivers entering the sea: a case of Minjiang River in Fujian Province
Authors: Zhang Peng , Wang Bingyi , Wang Yishu , Pang Yong , Shi Chengchun , Xie Rongrong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In the last 10 years, the Minjiang River, which is the longest river in the Fujian Province in Southeast China, has been facing a downward trend of dissolved oxygen (DO) and a frequent occurrence of hypoxia. In this study, the development of the continuous and short-term presence of low DO was investigated by using the water age concept and average DO consumption concept based on a three-dimensional Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code in the Minjiang River. The results revealed that the spatial distribution of DO was affected by temperature, runoff, pollution emission, tidal advection, and hypoxic water discharge from the reservoir bottom. The continuous low DO in the water of the North Channel occurred frequently when the enough pollutants were aerobically decomposed faster than the rate of oxygen reaeration during the high temperature and low river discharge period. In addition, the water age and reaeration time decreased with a rapid increase in the water flow from the Shuikou dam when the reservoir capacity was released via drainage. The results of this study provide scientific insights on the mechanism involved in the occurrence of hypoxia and suggest countermeasures for addressing hypoxic problems in estuaries.
Prevalence of Computer Vision Syndrom and Predisposing Factors Among Engineering Students in Hawass University Institution of Techenology Campus, Hawassa, Ethiopia, 2019
Authors: Gebresellassie Mikael Girum , Sisay Helen , Getahun Bekalu , Abera Elias , Birhanu Hiwot , Ashenafi Tesfay 
Published: December 2022

Objective:
Lack of detail information about the magnitude of the computer vision syndrome (CVS) and the factors which predominantly cause CVS. This study has an importance for further studies as a baseline data. The purpose of this study was to assess the magnitude of CVS and associated factors on students of Hawassa university institution of technology, Hawassa, Ethiopia, 2019.

Methodology:
Institution based cross sectional study design was used from March 30 to May 2019. A multi stage sampling was used. Four departments were selected by using simple random sampling. Among each selected departments students was selected by using systematic random sampling and calculating proportion (K) on each selected department based on the proportion of the number of students in each department. And the final sample size was 896. Each student was assessed whether he/she was exposed to any kind of visual display terminal (VDT). Face to face interview, ocular examination and observation during VDT use was performed by five optometrists from March 30 to May 2019. After collected data was cleaned and coded, EPI info 2002 for data entry and SPSS version 16.0 software for data analysis was used. Odds ratio with a 95% CI will be used to display results. P value less than 0.05 in multivariate logistic regressions was used to show statistical significance.

Results:
The prevalence of Computer vision syndrome is 41.7% and urban(OR =1.66; CI = (1.14, 2.43)), no glass use(OR = 6.01 ; CI = (1.67, 21.63)), reading playing game with VDT (OR = 2.33; CI = (1.33, 4.08)), reading and watching movies with VDT (OR = 1.49; CI = (1.02, 2.18)), using Smartphone (OR = 0.60; CI = (0.38, 0.95)), remote NPC (OR= 3.19; CI = (1.64, 6.25)) and moderate size of VDT (OR = 0.63; CI = (0.41, 0.96)) were significantly associated with CVS. There is 0.39Ds reduction of amplitude of accommodation in students who has CVS.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of CVS was high in engineering students, mostly having symptoms of tearing. It is better to avoid using VDT like Smartphone for multiple activities like reading, playing game and watching movies and need an eye examination and protective glass to prevent CVS.
Prevalence of Malaria among Febrile Patients Attending Government Hospitals in Ondo State, South-West Nigeria
Authors: Omoya F.O. , Ajayi K. O. 
Published: December 2022

Background:
The use of malaria infection prevalence among febrile patients is a valuable epidemiological surveillance tool.

Methods:
In this study, a cross sectional study was conducted among febrile patients in selected government Hospitals in Ondo State for malaria prevalence.

Results:

Plasmodium falciparum is the only encountered malaria parasite with prevalence values of 82.72% (426/515) and 80.19% (413/515) obtained using microscopy and RDTs respectively. The prevalence of malaria among the males (86.59%) was higher than the females (80.65%), all age groups in this study were vulnerable with highest infection rate of 89.66% among age group 11-20 years. The parasites densities ranged between 209 and 22310 parasites/μL with a mean parasitaemia of 5522.17±183.30 parasites/μL. The prevalence of malaria among the febrile participants that have used antimalarial drug before visiting the hospital is 82.94% (389/469) with the mean parasitaemia of 4615.21±188.14 parasites/μL while those that have used herbs before visiting the hospital had malaria prevalence of 85.03% (142/167) with the mean parasitaemia of 4913.81±330.20 parasites/μL.

Conclusion:
There was high prevalence of malaria among febrile patients. This finding will help improve the diagnosis and treatment of other febrile (non-malaria) infections, limit antimalarial usage to only malaria parasite-based test true positives and serve as a guide to combat malaria drug resistance in the study area.
COVID-19 + Omicron and Sunspot Theory: Subsiding by 2022
Authors: HO Samuel Kwong-Ming 
Published: December 2022

Background:
COVID-19 is co-existing in the contemporary World. During the 2.2-year period (2020-1-1 to 2021-3-3) when the COVID-19 comes into play, the World has recorded around 440,553,000 cases, averaging 557,662/day. Death toll so far is around 5,993,000, with a mortality rate of 1.36% (compared to 1.95% till end-Nov 2021 when the Omicron Variant came into play). Dr. Angelique Coetee (Head of S. Africa Medical Association) has voiced recently that the symptom of the new variant Omicron is mild and there is no need for patients to be hospitalized. Yet, due to its fast propagation speed resulted from the 32 mutations on the Spike Protein and the 10 mutations on the ‘receptor binding domain’ which gain entry to the human cells, it has attracted global attention, and many countries have closed their borders to relevant regions.

Materials & Methods:
This research paper is based on the impact of the consistent Sunspot cycle’s 11-year variation on mankind. Riding on a similar paper published at the Oxford Business & Economic Conference in 2007 on a hypothesis of Sunspot on “Uni-Economic” which has been award the best paper at the time, the current paper is focusing on the impact of Sunspot, but on the front of human health as affected by the COVID-19 Pandemic. Dataset over 4 centuries and converging on the past 60 years have been collected to verify the hypothesis of Sunspot on Pandemic with confidence level above 95%.

Results & Discussion:
2019 experienced the lowest sunspot in the history of mankind at 281 days without any Sunspot. In other words, there is a subtle lack of “Energy” for mankind. It is well recognized that, in Tradition Chinese Medicine (TCM) theory, Energy (Chi) is the most important drive and defense line for our human body.

Conclusion:
Through literature review and critical analysis, most of the Pandemic in the human history occurs at the Sunspot Minima years when there were serious lacking of Chi for mankind. Nevertheless, it is expected that the Sunspot day-count will be almost daily in 2022, and hence its radiation on Earth will be approaching Maxima. Therefore, the COVID-19 will subside naturally, and the virus (including the weak Omicron, resulting in the Mortality rate dropping from 1.95% to 1.36% since encountered in Dec 2021) will become an Endemic. This has been proven by history.
COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance and its Predicting Factors among Internet Users in Ho Chi Minh City and Other Regions in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Hoang Bac , Nguyen Thi Hong Minh , Vo Thi Hong Nhan , Le Hoang Phong , Vo Thi Mai Ca , Nguyen Thi Anh Nhung , Tang Tuan-Ngan , Nguyen Thi-Hiep , Dang Anh Long , Truong Quang Binh 
Published: December 2022

Aim:
This study was conducted to evaluate the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination and its predictors among adult internet users residing in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) and other regions in Vietnam.

Methods:
An online survey was disseminated to eligible participants, applying the snowball sampling technique, including demographic details, knowledge, five components of the Health Belief Model (HBM), and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination. Logistic regression analysis was employed to determine predicting factors toward COVID-19 vaccination acceptance.

Results:
Among 3310 participants, the majority were 18-39 years old (76.1%), and had completed higher education (69.7%). Most respondents reported sufficient knowledge (90.2%). 87.8% showed acceptance of getting COVID-19 vaccinated. While becoming unemployed (OR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.52-0.94), the number of chronic diseases (OR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.65-0.89), living in the environment with currently existing infected cases (OR = 0.68, 95% CI 0.50-0.93), and perceived barriers (OR = 0.88, 95% CI 0.85-0.91) were negative determinants, the number of information sources for updating COVID-19 vaccine (OR = 1.10, 95% CI 1.01-1.19), perceived benefits (OR = 1.12, 95% CI 1.07-1.18), and cues to action (OR = 1.23, 95% CI 1.18-1.29) were positive predictors for vaccination acceptance.

Conclusion:
The internet users’ level of acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination was impressively high and influenced by perceived benefits, barriers, cues to action, and some demographic and health-related details. People with low acceptance levels, such as chronically ill adults, should be imported into consideration and provided with reliable scientific information.
Antioxidant Activity of Fungus Comb Extracts Isolated from Indo-Malayan Termite <i>Macrotermes gilvus</i> Hagen (Isoptera: Termitidae)
Authors: Rachmayanti Yanti , Firmansyah Dikhi , Umma Reza Ro'isatul , Hertanto Decsa Medika , Sudiana I Ketut , Santoso Djoko , Nandika Dodi , Karlinasari Lina , Arinana Arinana , Batubara Irmanida , Witasari Lucia Dhiantika 
Published: December 2022

Indonesian termites are one of the wealthiest biological resources considering their very high species diversity (300 species) and extensive geographical distribution in the Indonesian mainland. However, its potential as a source of bioactive compounds has not been fully explored. One of the endemic termite sub-families of Indonesian, Macrotermitinae (Isoptera: Termitidae), has a food source in the form of fungal nodules that grow and spread in a particular structure in the termite nest that is shaped like a mammalian brain called a fungus comb, which likely serves as a source of bioactive compounds. This study aims to analyze the potential of fungus comb from an Indonesian Macrotermitinae sub-family species as a source of antioxidants. Antioxidant activity was tested on four different extracts of fungus comb (EFC), namely hexane extract, ethyl acetate extract, methanol extract and water extract, using DPPH• (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS•+ (2,2′-azino-di-[3-ethylbenzthiazolinesulphonate]) radicals. The results showed that the highest antioxidant activity was found in methanol extract, followed by ethyl acetate extract with IC50 values of 0.6 mg/mL and 0.75 mg/mL, respectively. TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity) analysis confirmed the high antioxidant activity of methanol extract.
Association of Serum Uric Acid With All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in Diabetes
Authors: Li Benchao , Chen Liangkai , Hu Xueting , Tan Ting , Yang Jiajia , Bao Wei , Rong Shuang 
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVE
To investigate whether serum uric acid (SUA) level is associated with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality among individuals with diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
In this prospective cohort study, we included patients with diabetes from the U.S. National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2018. Mortality and underlying causes of death were ascertained by linkage to national death records through 31 December 2019. Weighted Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for all-cause and CVD mortality. We also performed a meta-analysis of available cohort studies to combine the association between SUA level and mortality in diabetes.

RESULTS
Among the 7,101 patients with diabetes from NHANES 1999–2018, the weighted mean of SUA level was 5.7 mg/dL. During 57,926 person-years of follow-up, 1,900 deaths (n = 674 deaths from CVD) occurred. In the fully adjusted model, when compared with patients with diabetes in the lowest SUA quintile, those in the highest SUA quintile had the HRs (95% CIs) of 1.28 (1.03, 1.58) for all-cause mortality and 1.41 (1.03, 1.94) for CVD mortality. We included 13 cohort studies in the meta-analysis and found that the pooled HRs (95% CIs) were 1.08 (1.05, 1.11) for all-cause mortality and 1.05 (1.03, 1.06) for CVD mortality per 1 mg/dL increment of SUA level in patients with diabetes.

CONCLUSIONS
This study indicated that higher SUA levels were associated with increased risks of all-cause and CVD mortality in diabetes. Interventional studies are needed to elucidate the health effect of treatments to lower SUA levels.
Development of Interactive PowerPoint Leraning Media Based on Guided Inquiri on Acid-Base Topic for Class XI SMA/MA
Authors: Chania Romy , Aini Syamsi 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
This study aims to develop interactive PowerPoint learning media based on guided inquiry on the acid-base topic and reveal the validity and practicality of the developed media. This research belongs to the type of research and development with 4-D development model (define, design, develop, disseminate). Limited to the develop stage. The instrument of this research is a questionnaire of validity test and practicality test. The subjects of the validity test of this interactive PowerPoint learning media were two chemistry department lecturers and three SMA chemistry teachers. The practicality test subjects of this interactive PowerPoint learning media were three SMA chemistry teachers and sixteen SMAN 1 Batang Kapas students. The data from the validity and practicality tests were analyzed using the Aiken's V formula and descriptive analysis methods. Based on the results of the analysis of the validity test data obtained a score of 0.87 with a valid category. And the results of the analysis of the practicality test data on teachers obtained a value of 90% and for students of 95.4% with a very high practicality category.
Keywords:PowerPoint, Guided Inquiry, Acid-Base
Development of Petroleum E-Module Based on Scientific Approach for Senior High School Grade XI
Authors: Ihsan Emira Eldina , Hardeli Hardeli 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
The subject matter of petroleum at school is still difficult for students to be understand because of the length of the material description, many concepts using foreign terms, and the visualization of petroleum material in the teaching materials has not attracted enough attention. One way to obtain teaching materials that can increase students' motivation and understanding is to develop e-module teaching materials. E-modules also allow students to learn independently. The e-module was developed using a scientific approach as suggested in the 2013 curriculum. This study aims to develop a valid e-module. The type of research conducted is Educational Design Research. The e-module was developed using the Plomp development model which consists of three main steps, preliminary research stage, prototype stage and assessment phase. This research is limited to the validation stage. Validation was carried out by 5 validators, by three chemistry lecturers at FMIPA UNP and two chemistry teachers. The validation results are calculated using Aiken’s V statistics. From the results of data processing, it is found that the petroleum e-module based on the scientific approach developed is valid with value 0.83.
Keywords: Educational Design Research, Independent Learning, Petroleum, Scientific Approach