bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multivariate analysis of morphometric traits of Malaimadu cattle – Autochthonous draught cattle of south India
Authors: Selvan A. Sakthivel , Thangaraj S. , Dash Soumya , Karthikeyan A. , KARTHICKEYAN S.M.K 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Malaimadu cattle is a less explored indigenous cattle germplasm reared in the Western Ghats area of Tamil Nadu, south India. This study aimed to analyse the morphological structure of the Malaimadu cattle using a multivariate approach that explains best represent body conformation. Sixteen body measurements were obtained from 156 adult female cattle from their native breeding tract. The Nearest Neighbor Method of Hierarchical Cluster analysis was used to group the morphometric traits into clusters. Pearson’s coefficients of correlation (r) were estimated to determine the phenotypic correlations between different body measurements. Traits were analysed using varimax rotated principal component analysis (PCA) with Kaiser normalization. Cluster analysis categorises morphometric traits into two distinct clusters with the first cluster formed by traits related to horns and face, while the second cluster denotes general body conformation. Out of 120 phenotypic correlations, 55 were significant of which 51 were positive correlations. The estimated correlation coefficient ranges between − 0.50 (body length and face width) to 0.85 (chest girth and body weight). PCA extracted six components representing 70.19% of total variance, while the first principal component comprises of chest girth (CG), body weight (BW), Height at wither (HW) and Paunch girth (PG) alone accounts for 23.70% thereby describing the general size and shape of the animal. The multivariate approach has proven to be effective in differentiating Malaimadu cattle from other indigenous breeds of south India with clear morphometric differences that helps in identifying the pure phenotype for future propagation and also for devising breeding strategies.
SLC1A5 Enhances Malignant Phenotypes Through Modulating Ferroptosis Status and Immune Microenvironment in Glioma
Authors: Han Liying , Zhou Jinpeng , Li Leiyang , Shi Yingwu , wu xun , Cui Wenxing , Zhang Shenghao , Hu Qing , Wang Jin , Bai Hao , Liu Haixiao , Cao Haiyan , Chao Min , hu yaqin , Mou Yueyang , Jiao Yang , Feng Dayun , Wang Liang , Qu Yan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Glioma is the most malignant and aggressive tumor in the central nervous system with limited treatment satisfaction. Finding new therapeutic targets has still remained a major challenge. Ferroptosis is a novel and distinct type of programmed cell death, playing a regulatory role in the progression of tumors. However, the role of ferroptosis or ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) in glioma progression has not been extensively studied.
In our study, a novel ferroptosis-related prognostic model, including 7 genes, was established, in which patients were classified into the high-risk group had immuno-suppressive status and worse prognosis. Among these 7 genes, we screened SLC1A5, a FRG, as a possible new target for glioma treatment. Our results showed that the expression of SLC1A5 was significantly upregulated in glioblastoma (GBM) tissues compared with the low-grade gliomas. In addition, SLC1A5 knockdown could significantly inhibit glioma cell proliferation, invasion, and reduced the sensitivity of ferroptosis via GPX4-dependent pathway. Furthermore, SLC1A5 was found to be related to immune response and SLC1A5 knockdown decreased the infiltration and M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Pharmacological inhibition of SLC1A5 by V9302 was confirmed to promote the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy.
Overall, we developed a novel prognostic model for glioma based on the seven-FRGs signature, which could be applicable to glioma prognostic and immune status prediction. Besides, SLC1A5 in the model could regulate the proliferation, invasion, ferroptosis and immune state in glioma, and be applied as a prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for glioma.
Severe COVID-19 associated hyperglycaemia is caused by beta cell dysfunction: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Gojda Jan , Koudelková Kateřina , Ouřadová Anna , Lang Alexander , Krbcová Magdaléna , Gvozdeva Alexandra , Šebo Viktor , Slagmolen Lotte , Potočková Jana , Tůma Petr , Rossmeislová Lenka , anděl michal , Karpe Fredrik , Schlesinger Sabrina 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Hyperglycaemia was shown to be among the features of severe acute COVID-19 infection both in the acute and convalescence period. Mechanisms contributing to its development and/or maintenance in a post-COVID phase are still unclear.
Materials and Methods
Survivors of severe COVID-19 but without a known history of diabetes were examined at baseline (T0) and after 3 (T3) and 6 (T6) months: indirect calorimetry and OGTT. Insulin response and sensitivity (IS) were expressed as insulinogenic (IGI), disposition (DI), and Matsuda insulin sensitivity index (ISI), respectively. Resting energy expenditure (REE) was calculated using the Weir and Harris-Benedict equation and substrate preference using the respiratory quotient (RQ) and nitrogen losses.
Results
Thirty-two patients (12 women) were available for the analyses at T0 and 26 at T6. Baseline examination was within 21±6.5 days after COVID-19 diagnosis. Patients were hypermetabolic at baseline (30.7 ± 4.3 kcal/kg lean mass/day, ~120% predicted values) but REE declined over the 6 months (ΔT6-T0 mean difference (95% CI): -5.4 (-6.8, -4.1) kcal/kg lean mass/day, p<0.0001). 20 patients at T0 and 13 patients at T6 had hyperglycemia. None of the patients had positive islet autoantibodies. Insulin sensitivity at T0 was comparable between hyperglycaemic (H) vs. normoglycaemic (N) patients (T0 ISIH=3.07 ± 1.18, ISIN=3.23 ± 1.72, p=0.66), whereas insulin response was lower in the H group only (DIH=3.19 ± 2.16 vs DIN=8.78 ± 6.37, p=0.005). Over the 6 months, IS improved in the H group (ΔT6-T0 mean difference for ISI (95% CI): 1.84 (0.45, 3.24), p=0.01)), whereas IGI and DI did not improve in either group.
Conclusions
Severe COVID-19 infection was associated with hypermetabolism that did not persist over the follow-up. Patients were insulin resistant in the acute phase, but only those with insufficient insulin response developed hyperglycaemia. Insufficient beta cell response was a possible mechanism leading to hyperglycaemia.
Application of four-dimensional cone beam computed tomography in lung cancer radiotherapy
Authors: Abulimiti Muyasha , Yang Xu , Li Minghui , Huan Fukui , Zhang Yanxin , Liang Jun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective: This study explored the application of four-dimensional cone beam computed tomography (4D CBCT) in lung cancer patients, seeking to improve the accuracy of radiotherapy and to establish a uniform protocol for the application of 4D CBCT in radiotherapy for lung cancer.
Methods: 4D CBCT was applied to evaluate tumor volume response (TVR), motion, and center coordinates during radiotherapy in 67 eligible individuals with lung cancer diagnoses. The differences between 4D CBCT and 3D CBCT in different registration methods were compared.
Results: TVR was observed during treatment in 41% of patients (28/67), with a mean volume reduction of 41.7% and a median time to TVR of 19 days. Tumor motion was obvious in 16 patients, with a mean value of 0.52 cm (0.22 to 1.34 cm), and in 3 of 6 tumors close to the diaphragm (0.28 to 0.66 cm). Gray value registration based on mean density projection could still achieve close results to the 4D gray value registration. However, when the registration was based on bone alone, partial off-targeting occurred in the treatment in 41.8% of cases. The off-target rate was 19.0% when the tumor motion was ≤0.5 cm and 52.2% when the motion was >0.5 cm.
Conclusion: Tumor volume and motion of intrapulmonary lesions in individuals diagnosed with lung cancer varied significantly in the third week of radiotherapy. 4D CBCT may be more advantageous for isolated lesions without reference to relative anatomical structures or those near the diaphragm. Grayscale registration based on mean density projection is feasible.
Fe 3 O 4 @MCM-41-Hydroxyapatite-Teriparatide nanocomposite: as a highly efficient drug delivery system for bone tissue
Authors: Hosseini Hamid Reza , Abdouss Majid , Golshekan Mostafa 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objectives: A novel nanocomposite for targeted delivery of Teriparatide as an efficient inject dosage to improve drug-induced side effects, precautionary limitations, and frequent injection challenges.
Methods: Core-shell structure (Fe3O4@MCM-41) by the co-precipitation process and loading of Hydroxyapatite-Teriparatide on its surface were synthesized successfully. The HPLC analysis at in-vitro and in-vivo tests with and without an external magnetic field and MTT assay were performed.
Results: MNPs had a roughly 10 nm-sized particle and a spherical-like shape. The hydrodynamic size range was 360–440 nm, and the zeta potential ranged from -15–70 mV. The drug concentration reached 505 μg within 30 minutes of exposure to the magnetic field, and the coexistence of Teriparatide, HAP, and, Fe3O4-MNPs increased the proliferation of bone tissue stem cells.
Conclusion: Efficient biocompatible nanocomposite (Fe3O4@MCM-41/HAP-Terip) and magnetic field can improve the therapeutic effect of osteogenesis, and rebate drug limitations.
Two aspartic proteases, BnaAP36s and BnaAP39s, regulate pollen tube guidance in Brassica napus
Authors: Wang Lulin , Liang Xiaomei , Dou Shengwei , Yi Bin , Fu Tingdong , Ma Chaozhi , Dai Cheng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The pollen tube (PTs) guidance to micropyle growth is the key to successful double fertilization. However, the regulatory mechanism leading to pollen tube orientation is still unclear in Brassica napus. In this study, two aspartate proteases, BnaAP36s and BnaAP39s, were identified in B. napus. BnaAP36s and BnaAP39s were localized on the plasma membrane. The homologs of BnaAP36 and BnaAP39 were highly expressed in flower organs, which were induced by pollination. Then, the mutants of sextuple and double mutants of BnaAP36 and BnaAP39 were generated by using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, respectively. Compared to WT, the seed set of cr-bnaap36 and cr-bnaap39 mutants was reduced by approximately 50% and 60%, respectively. Like WT, the pollen grain of cr-bnaap36 and cr-bnaap39 could germinate and the relative PTs could elongate. The reciprocal crosses results showed that the reduction of seed set was due to the defects of stigma. Interestingly, 36% and 33% cr-bnaap36 and cr-bnaap39 PTs failed to grow towards the micropyle, indicating BnaAP36s and BnaAP39s were essential for PTs guided growth. Further, Alexander's staining showed that 10% pollen abortion was observed in BnaAP39 mutants, but not in BnaAP36 mutants, suggesting BnaAP39s might also affect the microspore development. These results suggested that BnaAP36s and BnaAP39s play critical roles in PTs guidance growth in B. napus.
Transglutaminase-2 regulates mucin-1 expression and androgen independency in prostate cancer cell lines via an alternative truncated isoform
Authors: Atobatele Adeola , Tonoli Elisa , Vadakekolathu Jayakumar , Savoca Maria Pia , Barr Melissa , Kataria Yukti , Rossanese Marta , Burhan Izhar , McArdle Stephanie , Caccamo Daniela , Verderio Elisabetta 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAndrogen independency is associated with poor prostate cancer (PCa) survival. Here we report that silencing of transglutaminase-2 (TG2) expression by CRISPR-Cas9 is associated with upregulation of androgen receptor (AR) transcription in prostate cancer cell lines. Knockout of TG2 reversed the migratory potential and anchorage independency of PC3 and DU145 cells and revealed a reduced level of MUC1 RNA transcript through unbiased multi-omics profiling, which was restored by selective add back of the truncated TG2 isoform (TGM2_v2). Silencing of AR resulted into increased MUC1 in TG2KO PC3 cells showing that TG2 affects transcriptional regulation of MUC1 via repressing AR expression. Treatment of PC3 WT cell line with TG2 inhibitor ZDON led to a significant increase in AR expression and decrease in MUC1. ZDON also blocked the formation of MUC1-multimers labelled with TG amine-donor substrates in reducing conditions, revealing for the first time a role for TG2, which we show to be externalised via extracellular vesicles, in MUC1 stabilisation via calcium-dependent transamidation. A specific antibody towards TGM2_v2 revealed its restricted nuclear location compared to the canonical long form of TG2 (TGM2_v1), which is predominantly cytosolic, suggesting that this form contributes to the previously suggested TG2-mediated NF-κB activation and AR transcriptional repression. As TGM2_v2 transcription was increased in biopsies of early-stage prostate cancer patients compared to subjects presenting inflammatory prostatitis, the role of TG2 truncated form as a prostate malignancy marker is suggested. In conclusion, this investigation has provided the first unbiased discovery of a novel pathway mediated by an aberrant form of TG2 via MUC1, which is shown to contribute to androgen insensitivity and malignancy of PCa cells and be upregulated in prostate cancer biopsies, with potential relevance to cancer immune evasion.
Synthesis and characterization of N-doped porous carbon from chicken feathers for 3D printed electrode applications
Authors: Mohammed Zaheeruddin , Jeelani Shaik , Korivi Naga S. , Rangari Vijaya 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this study sustainable chicken feather waste was used as a precursor material to synthesize nitrogen doped porous carbon using a unique two step high temperature/pressure pyrolysis reaction. The synthesized carbon was further activated using potassium hydroxide. The activated carbon showed a surface area of 515.896 m2/g and pore volume of 0.607 cc/g. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that the activated carbon consisted of highly amorphous porous carbon compared to non-activated carbon. Raman spectroscopy revealed that the carbon consisted of highly disordered/defected sp3 hybridized carbon with an ID/IG ratio of 1.39. Nanoindentation results revealed that the biochar carbon had hardness and modulus of 0.153 GPa and 3.8 GPa respectively. Preliminary observations suggested feasibility in applying the carbon as a potential electrode material in a solid state supercapacitor application.
Expectation and acceptance of clinical decision support systems: A survey study among nephrologist end-users
Authors: Kotsis Fruzsina , Bächle Helena , Altenbuchinger Michael , Dönitz Jürgen , Nsangou Yacoub Abelard Njipouombe , Meiselbach Heike , Kosch Robin , Salloch Sabine , Bratan Tanja , Zacharias Helena U. , Schultheiss Ulla T. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD), a major public health problem with differing disease etiologies, leads to complications, comorbidities, polypharmacy, and mortality. Monitoring disease progression and personalized treatment efforts are crucial for long-term patient outcomes. Physicians need to integrate different data levels, e.g., clinical parameters, biomarkers, and drug information, with medical knowledge. Clinical decision support systems (CDSS) can tackle these issues and improve patient management. Knowledge about the awareness and implementation of CDSS in Germany within the field of nephrology is scarce.
Purpose: Nephrologists’ attitude towards any CDSS and potential CDSS features of interest, like adverse event prediction algorithms, is important for a successful implementation. This survey investigates nephrologists’ experiences with and expectations towards a useful CDSS for daily medical routine.
Methods: The 38-item questionnaire survey was conducted either by telephone or as a do-it-yourself online interview amongst nephrologists across all of Germany. Answers were collected using the Electronic Data Capture System REDCap. The survey consisted of four modules: experiences with CDSS (M1), expectations towards a helpful CDSS (M2), evaluation of adverse event prediction algorithms (M3), and ethical aspects of CDSS (M4). Descriptive statistical analyses of all questions were conducted.
Results: The study population comprised 54 physicians, with a response rate of ~80-100% per question. Most participants were aged between 51-60 years (45.1%), 64% were male, and most participants had been working in nephrology out-patient clinics for a median of 10.5 years. Overall, CDSS use was poor (81.2%), often due to lack of knowledge about existing CDSS. Most participants (79%) believed CDSS to be helpful in the management of CKD patients with a high willingness to try out a CDSS. Of all adverse event prediction algorithms, prediction of CKD progression (97.8%) and in-silico simulations of disease progression when changing, e. g., lifestyle or medication (97.7%) were rated most important. The spectrum of answers on ethical aspects of CDSS was diverse.
Conclusion: This survey provides insights into experience with and expectations of out-patient nephrologists on CDSS. Despite the current lack of knowledge on CDSS, the willingness to integrate CDSS into daily patient care, and the need for adverse event prediction algorithms was high.
The Application of A Crossed Rod Configuration in Posterior Occipitocervical and Atlantoaxial Fixation: A Retrospective Study of 21 Cases
Authors: Zou Xiaobao , Qiu Feng , Ouyang Beiping , Yang Haozhi , Chen Yuyue , Deng Chenfu , Xia Hong , Ma Xiangyang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background.
The crossed rod configuration is a novel connection type for posterior occipitocervical and atlantoaxial fixation, which has been reported to have better biomechanical stability than existing configurations. However, the clinical application of this technique has yet to be studied.
Objective.
To evaluate the clinical outcome of the crossed rod configuration applied in posterior occipitocervical and atlantoaxial fixation.
Methods.
From January 2011 to December 2014, 21 patients with craniocervical junction disorders were treated surgically, and stability was reconstructed by posterior occipitocervical or atlantoaxial fixation with a crossed rod configuration. The patients’ clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Internal fixation, neurological status, clinical symptoms, bone fusion, and complications were evaluated.
Results.
All surgeries were successful with no neurovascular injury in any of the patients. Clinical symptoms were relieved in all 21 patients (100%). Satisfactory internal fixation was found on postoperative images. Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores and occipitocervical visual analog scale ratings were significantly improved after operation (P < 0.05). The average follow-up duration was 22.7 ± 7.5 months (range 12–36 months). All patients achieved bone fusion without complications during the follow-up.
Conclusions.
The application of a crossed rod configuration in posterior occipitocervical and atlantoaxial fixation provides reliable stabilization and may be a viable alternative to current configuration methods for clinical use.
Optimization of Fem Models for Welding Residual Stress Analysis Using the Modal Method
Authors: Arruda Marcio Vital , Correa Edmilson Otoni , Macanhan Vanessa Bawden de Paula 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Welding processes may cause undesirable residual stresses and their detection is possible using different methods. Some residual stress detection methods are destructive or semi-destructive, therefore not always applicable. Some methods are non-destructive, but complex and high cost. One possible non-destructive method to detect welding residual stresses, lower cost than the current techniques, is being studied by some researchers. This method is based in the phenomenon which a structure natural frequencies vary when welding residual stress is applied. It consists in measuring the structure natural frequencies after welding, and comparing them to natural frequency values considered ideal values obtained from finite element method simulation. However, the welding process simulation is not trivial; it implies at least four finite element analyses which can be executed in different manners. The aim of this study is to analyze which parameters can improve FE model performance for obtaining simulation results closer to experiments. In this study, five models were developed. It was observed that models using 2D shell elements generate better results than models using 3D solid elements. In addition, it was observed that the symmetry technique which can be used in plate simulations leads to significant lower computational times, but affect modal results and, in addition, do not generate natural frequency values for all vibrational modes; therefore, the symmetry technique should be avoided in this type of analysis. The birth and death technique, which simulates filler metal deposition, was also analyzed. Finally, this work proposes to use interpolation technique for the natural frequency values to evaluate the modal results variation due to welding residual stresses.
Effects of (In)Congruency in Fertility Motivation on Fertility Desire and Intention Among Couples Living with HIV: A Dyadic Approach
Authors: Guo Yingwu , Liu Jun , Du Yingrong , Chongsuvivatwong Virasakdi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Fertility decision-making plays a negligible role in completing fertility goals among couples living with HIV. Furthermore, being commonly matched concerning fertility motivation also seems essential for fertility desire/intention. However, there is a lack of previous studies that report on intra-couple similarities or dissimilarities on the sequence of motivation-desire-intention on fertility. We aimed to document the effects of (in)congruency in fertility motivation linked to intention via desire among couples living with HIV. The actor-partner interdependence model (APIM) and Dyadic Response Surface Analysis were the analytical tools used in this research. Couples living with HIV were selected from the antiretroviral therapy center clinic in Kunming, China between October and December 2020. A total of 314 couples were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Only significant actor effects of fertility motivation on intention, which was partly mediated by desire based on the APIM, was observed in the wives. Husbands tended to dominate the fertility motivation. Furthermore, congruency was observed in the level of significance of the models between fertility desire and intention and between those of wife and husband. To complete the fertility goal, counseling should simultaneously assist the husband and wife to attain stronger positive fertility intention through a desire by targeting similar fertility motivations in both partners.
poly(acrylamide-co-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate: Biocompatible ZnO nanocomposites based electrooptic devices for photonic applications
Authors: Soylu Murat 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
poly(AAm-co-HEMA)-ZnO is synthesised by hydrothermal method. poly(AAm-co-HEMA)-ZnO nanocomposite is coated by the drop casting technique on p-Si substrate. The current-voltage (I–V) measurements of Al/poly(AAm-co-HEMA)-ZnO/p-Si heterojunction diodes with (a) 1%, (b) 3% and (c) 5% ZnO are carried out in the dark and illumination intensities of 20–100 mW/cm2 with 20 mW/cm2 steps. It is seen that the optimized or high rectification ratio is possible to obtain in metal/p-Si contacts by suitably choosing ZnO rate in poly(AAm-co-HEMA)-ZnO nanocomposite. The I-V characteristics show exactly the characteristic feature of a photodiode. It is seen that the detectivity (D) and photosensitivity (PS) are more efficient than that of the structure formed without any of the components of nanocomposite. The interface state density (Dit) varies depending on the amount of ZnO in poly(AAm-co-HEMA). Results show that poly(AAm-co-HEMA)-ZnO can be employed in the design of optoelectronic devices, as well as biomedical applications as biomaterial.