bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
More HIV-1 RNA detected and quantified with the Cobas 6800 system in patients on antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Wirden Marc , Palich Romain , Abdi Basma , Valantin Marc Antoine , Tubiana Roland , Schneider Luminita , Seang Sophie , Faycal Antoine , Sellem Baptiste , Katlama Christine , Calvez Vincent , Marcelin Anne Geneviève 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background
Target-detected (TD) results or low-level viraemia (LLV) can be observed in HIV-1 patients on ART, which regularly raises questions.

Objectives
We describe here the impact on HIV-1 RNA quantification of switching from the COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS TaqMan (CAP/CTM) to the Cobas 6800 system (C6800), based on analyses of viraemia close to the lower limit of quantification (LLoQ).

Patients and methods
We retrospectively selected two groups of patients: 200 individuals whose viral loads (VLs) were consistently &lt;50 copies/mL with CAP/CTM for at least 3 years before switching to C6800 (group 1), and 35 other patients with confirmed LLV when C6800 was in use (group 2). In both groups, we compared several consecutive VL results performed before and after the change of quantification assay. Analyses were performed with McNemar’s paired tests or Fisher’s exact tests.

Results
In group 1, the frequency of TD results (below or above the LLoQ) increased significantly after the switch to C6800 for patients with &lt;25% of results being TD for VLs performed with CAP/CTM (P &lt; 0.0001). Significantly more patients had at least one VL ≥20 or ≥50 copies/mL with C6800, in both group 1 (37.0% versus 18.5%; P &lt; 0.0001 and 6.5% versus 0%; P = 0.0009, respectively) and group 2 (100% versus 66%; P = 0.0015 and 97% versus 40%; P &lt; 0.0001, respectively).

Conclusions
C6800 revealed residual or low-level HIV-1 RNA that was not detected with CAP/CTM, resulting in twice as many patients being found to have a VL ≥20 copies/mL. Physicians and patients should be aware of possible differences in results between assays, and it is crucial to specify the quantitative assay used in studies.
Do nurses document all discussions of patient problems and nursing interventions in the electronic health record? A pilot study in home healthcare
Authors: Song Jiyoun , Zolnoori Maryam , Scharp Danielle , Vergez Sasha , McDonald Margaret V , Sridharan Sridevi , Kostic Zoran , Topaz Maxim 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objective
To assess the overlap of information between electronic health record (EHR) and patient–nurse verbal communication in home healthcare (HHC).

Methods
Patient–nurse verbal communications during home visits were recorded between February 16, 2021 and September 2, 2021 with patients being served in an organization located in the Northeast United States. Twenty-two audio recordings for 15 patients were transcribed. To compare overlap of information, manual annotations of problems and interventions were made on transcriptions as well as information from EHR including structured data and clinical notes corresponding to HHC visits.

Results
About 30% (1534/5118) of utterances (ie, spoken language preceding/following silence or a change of speaker) were identified as including problems or interventions. A total of 216 problems and 492 interventions were identified through verbal communication among all the patients in the study. Approximately 50.5% of the problems and 20.8% of the interventions discussed during the verbal communication were not documented in the EHR. Preliminary results showed that statistical differences between racial groups were observed in a comparison of problems and interventions.

Discussion
This study was the first to investigate the extent that problems and interventions were mentioned in patient–nurse verbal communication during HHC visits and whether this information was documented in EHR. Our analysis identified gaps in information overlap and possible racial disparities.

Conclusion
Our results highlight the value of analyzing communications between HHC patients and nurses. Future studies should explore ways to capture information in verbal communication using automated speech recognition.
Rapid Extraction and Qualitative Screening of 30 Drugs in Oral Fluid at Concentrations Recommended for the Investigation of DUID Cases
Authors: Coulter Cynthia , Garnier Margaux , Moore Christine 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A rapid, simple extraction method followed by qualitative screening using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS-MS) for drugs in oral fluid is presented. The decision points were selected to be at, or lower, than those recommended as Tier I compounds by the National Safety Council’s Alcohol, Drugs and Impairment Division for toxicological investigation of driving under the influence of drug (DUID) cases and were also at, or lower, than those recommended by Substance Abuse and Mental Health Service Administration and the Department of Transportation for Federal workplace drug testing programs. The method included 30 drugs: delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, cocaine, benzoylecgonine, carisoprodol, meprobamate, zolpidem, alprazolam, clonazepam, 7-aminoclonazepam, diazepam, nordiazepam, lorazepam, oxazepam, temazepam, codeine, morphine, 6-acetylmorphine, buprenorphine, fentanyl, hydrocodone, hydromorphone, oxycodone, oxymorphone, methadone, tramadol and phencyclidine. Phencyclidine was included because it is in the Federal workplace program even though it is considered a Tier II drug for DUID cases. A liquid−liquid extraction method using isopropanol, hexane and ethyl acetate to extract drugs from the oral fluid−buffer mix collected in a Quantisal™ device, followed by LC–MS-MS screening, was developed and validated according to ANSI/ASB 2019 Standard Practices for Method Validation in Forensic Toxicology. Interference studies, limit of detection, precision at the decision point, ionization suppression/enhancement and processed sample stability were determined for each drug. The method was successfully applied to proficiency specimens and routine samples received in the laboratory.
Melatonin Supplementation in Undetermined Pediatric Deaths
Authors: Bishop-Freeman Sandra C , Young Kerry A , Labay Laura M , Beuhler Michael C , Hudson Jason S 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Since 2015, the North Carolina Office of the Chief Medical Examiner has investigated seven deaths of infants and toddlers, aged 2 months to 3 years, with exogenous melatonin detected upon toxicological analysis. Melatonin concentrations ranged from 3 to 1,400 ng/mL in postmortem whole blood. While the cause and the manner of all seven deaths were classified as undetermined, the analytical findings are noteworthy. Melatonin is generally considered a safe, natural product appearing in many over-the-counter supplements geared toward young children to facilitate calmness and improve sleep. Melatonin is a neurohormone, which regulates not only circadian rhythms and natural sleep but also other physiological functions. Endogenous melatonin production, derived from essential amino acid metabolism, does not begin until pineal gland maturation at ∼3 months of age with concentrations in plasma peaking during periods of darkness at ∼0.2 ng/mL. Administering commercially available melatonin supplements to infants results in levels substantially greater than endogenous sources, which should not be assumed to be safe just because of their endogenous nature. The finding of exogenous concentrations in some postmortem pediatric cases warrants attention. Several topics of interest surrounding these postmortem melatonin findings will be considered, such as minimal regulatory control over commercial products as well as the potential impact on hazardous sleeping conditions. This manuscript will outline the physiological effects of melatonin and detail the case studies from the North Carolina medical examiner system. Forensic toxicology laboratories should consider including melatonin at exogenous concentrations in their testing schemes for appropriate postmortem infant and toddler cases.
Injuries Associated With Electrical Flash Burns in Children Caused by E-bike Batteries
Authors: Zhao Xiaozhuo , Shen Yuming 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe use of electric bicycles (e-bikes) has increased in China. Alongside this increased use of e-bikes, reports of injuries related to e-bikes have also increased. However, few studies have explored electrical burns from short circuits in e-bike batteries, especially among children. Our study aimed to describe the epidemiology and prognosis of e-bike-related electrical flash burns in children. This retrospective analysis examined the injury patterns and prognosis of flash burn injuries from e-bike batteries among children presenting to the emergency department of a hospital in northern China from 2009 to 2020. Data collected included demographics, mechanism of injury, time of injury, injury site, burn depth, healing time, and patient prognosis. During the study period, 82 children presented to our emergency department with these injuries (boys: n = 64, 78%; girls: n = 18, 22%). The children’s mean age was 3.5 (2.5) years. Burns occurred in all months of the year but peaked from May to August (spring and summer). Most burns were to the fingers. All burns were minor injuries that healed within 2 weeks with wound care. With the growing popularity of e-bikes, electric flash burns among children caused by e-bike batteries are increasingly common. Doctors should be aware of this special injury type to offer the correct diagnosis and treatment and provide parents with appropriate information.
Innovation in premodern islam: between non-religion, irreligion and the secular
Authors: Mustafa Abdul Rahman 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Premodern Muslim juristic discussions on religious innovation (bidʿa) frequently invoke a distinction between religion and its other: the irreligious and/or non-religious secular. This demarcation disrupts accounts of the unavailability of the secular beyond the precincts of the modern West, even as the imperfect translation of premodern Islamic non-religion as secular discloses the ethnocentric provincialism of the master categories of European thought that continue to facilitate European colonialism. An alternative, premodern, Islamic account of the secular is found in the thought of Ibn Taymiyya (d. 728/1328), al-Shāṭibī (d. 790/1388) and their intergenerational interlocutors who summon an opaque and shifting, yet real, boundary between religion and the irreligious and/or non-religious secular, which they posit as distinct, oppositional, yet also co-constitutive terms. The distinctions between religion and the secular, for these scholars, arise out of their (i) purposive account of divine law, (ii) compartmentalization of religious ‘worship’ from secular ‘custom’, and (iii) creation of distinct orders of religious and secular spatio-temporality.
Traveler Mites: Population Genetic Structure of the Wing Mites Periglischrus paracaligus (Acari: Mesostigmata: Spinturnicidae)
Authors: Zamora-Mejías Daniel , Trejo-Salazar Roberto-Emiliano , Eguiarte Luis E , Ojeda Margarita , Rodríguez-Herrera Bernal , Morales-Malacara Juan B , Medellín Rodrigo A 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Wing mites of the genus Periglischrus are ectoparasites exclusively associated with phyllostomid bats. These mites show high host specificity and have been studied to understand the evolutionary history of their bat hosts mainly by using a morphological variation. Through a phylogeographic approach, we analyzed the genetic diversity and population genetic structure of the ectoparasite Periglischrus paracaligus Herrin and Tipton which parasitizes Leptonycteris yerbabuenae Martínez and Villa (lesser long-nosed bat) in Mexico. By the implementation of a multilocus approach, we found that P. paracaligus populations were diverse for haplotype diversity, and had values ranging from 0.5 to 1. No genetic structuring in the P. paracaligus parasites was observed along with the distribution of the host, L. yerbabuenae, in Mexico, nor when populations or regions were compared, but our results revealed a process of historical demographic expansion in all the analyzed markers. We discuss possible scenarios that could explain the lack of population structure in the light of the data analyzed for the parasites and the biology of L. yerbabuenae, such as the interplay between parasite and host traits being responsible for the genetic make-up of parasite populations. We also inferred its phylogenetic position among wing mites parasitizing the two other species of Leptonycteris bats. Long-nosed bats’ monophyly helps to explain the observed presence of distinctive clades in the wing mite’s phylogeny in specific association with each long-nosed bat host species.
Efficacy of Trapping Methods in the Collection of Eretmapodites (Diptera: Culicidae) Mosquitoes in an Afrotropical Rainforest Region, South western Cameroon
Authors: David Forfuet Foncha , Mayi Marie Paul Audrey , Fru-Cho Jerome , Kowo Cyril , Nota Anong Damian , Esack Fonda Andongma , Djomo Charlene , Tchuinkam Timoleon , Brisco Katherine K , Sehgal Ravinder , John Cornel Anthony 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Very little data exist on the biology of an afrotropical rainforest mosquito Eretmapodites (Er.) in a world undergoing dramatic changes due to deforestation. The aim was to assess the efficacy of different trapping methods in the collection of Er. mosquito in forested area.
This was a longitudinal study involving collection of mosquitoes for over two years. Multiple collection methods (grouped into two categories), were used; i) net baited and un-baited traps to collect adults, ii) techniques that target immature stages subsequently reared to adults. All males were identified by genitalia dissection. Five thousand seven hundred and four mosquitoes representing 11 genera among which 2,334 Er. were identified. Mosquito abundance was highest in the net traps (n = 1276 (56.4%)) and sweep nets (n = 393(17.4%)) respectively. The abundance was highest in green colored net traps (435(34.09%)) with significant value of χ2= 40.000, P &lt; 0.001 and in pigeons baited traps (473 (37.06%)) with significant value of χ2= 42.000, P = 0.003. The diversity ranges from H’ = 2.65; DS = 0.84; SR = 24; ACE = 24.77 in sweep net to H’ = 0; DS = 0; SR = 1; ACE = 1 in rock pool among males mosquitoes. While for females, H = 1.14; DS = 0.71; SR = 5; ACE = 5.16, in sweep net to H = 0; DS = 0; SR = 1; ACE = 1 in rock pool, tarpaulin, resting cage.
Net traps, bamboo pot, and sweep netting are efficient in collecting high abundance of forest mosquitoes in the Talanagaye rainforest.
The Distribution, Seasonal Abundance, and Environmental Factors Contributing to the Presence of the Asian Longhorned Tick (Haemaphysalis longicornis, Acari: Ixodidae) in Central Appalachian Virginia
Authors: Cumbie A N , Whitlow A M , Arneson A , Du Z , Eastwood G 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Over the past decade, Haemaphysalis longicornis, the Asian longhorned tick, has undergone a geographic range expansion in the United States, from its historical range in east Asia. This tick has been characterized by its frequent parasitism of livestock, an ability to reproduce through parthenogenesis, and its ability to transmit a variety of vector-borne pathogens to livestock, wildlife, and human hosts in its native geographic range. Thus far in the United States, 17 states have reported H. longicornis populations, including 38 counties in Virginia. These numbers come from presence-absence reports provided to the U.S. Department of Agriculture, but little has been reported about this ticks’ seasonality in Virginia or its habitat preferences. Our current study detected H. longicornis populations in seven of the nine surveyed counties in Virginia. Haemaphysalis longicornis were observed in multiple habitat types including mixed hardwood forests and pastures, with abundant H. longicornis populations detected at one particular pasture site in Wythe County. This study also attempted to investigate environmental conditions that may be of importance in predicting tick presence likelihood. While sample size limited the scope of these efforts, habitat type and climatic metrics were found to be important indicators of H. longicornis collection success and abundance for both the nymphal and larval life stages. This current study reports useful surveillance data for monitoring these tick populations as they become established in the western half of Virginia and provides insight into their current distribution and maintenance over a large study region.
Numerical solutions of a gradient-elastic Kirchhoff plate model on convex and concave geometries using isogeometric analysis
Authors: Leng Yu , Hu Tianyi , Bhopalam Sthavishtha R , Gomez Hector 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this work, we study numerical solutions of a gradient-elastic Kirchhoff plate model on convex and concave geometries. For a convex plate, we first show the well-posedness of the model. Then, we split the sixth-order partial differential equation (PDE) into a system of three second-order PDEs. The solution of the resulting system coincides with that of the original PDE. This is verified with convergence studies performed by solving the sixth-order PDE directly (direct method) using isogeometric analysis (IGA) and the system of second-order PDEs (split method) using both IGA and C0 finite elements. Next, we study a concave pie-shaped plate, which has one re-entrant point. The well-posedness of the model on the concave domain is proved. Numerical solutions obtained using the split method differ significantly from that of the direct method. The split method may even lead to nonphysical solutions. We conclude that for gradient-elastic Kirchhoff plates with concave corners, it is necessary to use the direct method with IGA.
The Effect of a Pain Educational Video Upon Child Pain-Related Memory and the Moderating Role of Parental Pain- and Non-Pain-Attending Verbalizations: An Experimental Lab-Based Study
Authors: Rheel Emma , Ickmans Kelly , Wauters Aline , Van Ryckeghem Dimitri M L , Barbé Kurt , Malfliet Anneleen , Vervoort Tine 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Early memories of pain contribute to fear and may underlie the maintenance and development of chronic pain into adulthood. Accordingly, understanding determinants that may impact children’s pain memory development is key. This study examined (a) the effect of a brief engaging pain educational video in healthy children before undergoing an experimental pain task upon children’s recalled pain intensity and pain-related fear and (b) the moderating role of parental pain- and non-pain-attending verbalizations before and after the pain task.

Methods
Seventy-seven children (8–15 years old) participated in an experimental heat pain task, including actual heat pain stimuli delivered through a thermode on their forearm. Children were randomized to the experimental group (i.e., watching a pain educational video) or the control group (i.e., no video). Children’s recalled pain intensity and pain-related fear were elicited 2 weeks later.

Results
Findings showed that recalled pain intensity (but not recalled pain-related fear) of children who watched the pain educational video was significantly lower compared to the control group (p = .028). Further, parental pain-attending verbalizations before the pain task moderated the impact of the video upon children’s recalled pain intensity (p = .038). Specifically, children in the control group, but not the experimental group, whose parents used less pain-attending verbalizations recalled higher pain intensity, whereas children whose parents used more pain-attending verbalizations recalled lower pain intensity.

Conclusions
As children’s pain memories have important implications for pain assessment, treatment, and health across the lifespan, these findings might have important implications for the prevention of development or maintenance of maladaptive pain-related outcomes.
Vena cava balloon occlusion for pulmonary embolism prevention during resection of giant uterus fibroids
Authors: Kotsis Thomas , Christoforou Panagitsa , Chatziioannou Achilles , Memos Nikolaos , Theodoraki Kassiani , Konstadoulakis Manousos 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We report the case of a single 46-year-old woman presenting with huge uterine fibroids growing for the last 12 years, resulting in a recent common iliac vein thrombosis. Due to the high risk for pulmonary embolism, an occluding balloon was inserted through the right jugular vein before the abdominal incision and occluded the vena cava just inferior to the renal veins. The tumor was easily mobilized, and the vena cava bifurcation was exposed and controlled until the uterus with the masses was resected. We recommend this method for oncovascular surgeries involving deep vein thrombosis and vein thromboembolism.
Discovery of primary hyperparathyroidism following an endoscopic resection of the prostate: case report
Authors: Thomas Jordan , Khelif Adrian , Arulanantham Shrine , Lemaitre Jean , Lalive d’Epinay Jean-Emmanuel 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Urological complaints related to primary hyperparathyroidism are frequently caused by the formation of urolithiasis. We report another rare clinical manifestation of primary hyperparathyroidism associated with urological symptoms. A 68-year-old man presented with dysuria related to benign prostatic hyperplasia. After undergoing endoscopic resection of the prostate, the patient’s urinary complaints persisted for several months thereafter. Urinary ultrasound revealed numerous calcifications on the prostatic resection area, requiring a cystoscopy for excision and analysis of the calcifications. This was followed by an endocrine evaluation that revealed a primary hyperparathyroidism due to a single parathyroid adenoma, which was responsible for the prostatic calcifications and the patient’s atypical symptomatology. The clinical evolution was favorable after parathyroidectomy. Symptomatic prostatic calcifications, due to primary hyperparathyroidism, on an area of the endoscopic prostate resection are uncommon. The only treatment is endocrine surgery.
Melatonin as a regulator of plant ionic homeostasis: implications for abiotic stress tolerance
Authors: Huang Xin , Tanveer Mohsin , Min Yu , Shabala Sergey 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMelatonin is a highly conserved and ubiquitous molecule that operates upstream of a broad array of receptors in animal systems. Since melatonin was discovered in plants in 1995, hundreds of papers have been published revealing its role in plant growth, development, and adaptive responses to the environment. This paper summarizes the current state of knowledge of melatonin’s involvement in regulating plant ion homeostasis and abiotic stress tolerance. The major topics covered here are: (i) melatonin’s control of H+-ATPase activity and its implication for plant adaptive responses to various abiotic stresses; (ii) regulation of the reactive oxygen species (ROS)–Ca2+ hub by melatonin and its role in stress signaling; and (iii) melatonin’s regulation of ionic homeostasis via hormonal cross-talk. We also show that the properties of the melatonin molecule allow its direct scavenging of ROS, thus preventing negative effects of ROS-induced activation of ion channels. The above ‘desensitization’ may play a critical role in preventing stress-induced K+ loss from the cytosol as well as maintaining basic levels of cytosolic Ca2+ required for optimal cell operation. Future studies should focus on revealing the molecular identity of transporters that could be directly regulated by melatonin and providing a bioinformatic analysis of evolutionary aspects of melatonin sensing and signaling.