bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Relationship of Serum Gastrin-17 and Oral Mucositis in Head and Neck Carcinoma Patients Receiving Radiotherapy
Authors: Wu Congye , Liu Yehong , Shi Feiyue , Chen Fei , Zhao Yongcai , Zhao Huanyu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship of serum gastrin-17 (G-17) and oral mucositis in head and neck carcinoma (HNC) patients receiving radiotherapy.
Methods
Serum G-17 were detected in patients before and after radiotherapy. Patients were divided into high G-17 group (baseline serum G-17 ≥ 5pmol/L) and low G-17 group (baseline serum G-17 < 5pmol/L). The severity of oral mucositis was analyzed between the two group. Other complications such as dysphagia, salivary gland, mandible, thyroid function, larynx, pain, and weight loss were also investigated.
Results
Forty-two patients were analyzed in this study. The median level of serum G-17 had a significant decrease after radiotherapy (7.29 ± 5.70pmol/L versus 4.93 ± 4.46pmol/L, P = 0.038). In low serum G-17 group, the incidences of grade 0, 1–2 and 3–4 of oral mucositis were 0%, 30.4%, and 69.6%, respectively. In high serum G-17 group, the incidences of grade 0, 1–2 and 3–4 of oral mucositis were 0%, 63.2%, and 36.8%, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum G-17 was negatively correlated with oral mucositis (r=-0.595, P < 0.01). Weight loss of low G-17 group was more serious than that of high G-17 group.
Conclusions
Serum G-17 has a close relationship with oral mucositis. Baseline serum G-17 may be a potential predictor for the severity of oral mucositis in HNC patients receiving radiotherapy.
How fast is ECG signal? Propagation of the endogenous electromagnetic wave of cardiac origin
Authors: Buchner Teodor , Zajdel Maryla , Pęczalski Kazimierz , Nowak Paweł 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A satisfactory model of the biopotentials, propagating through the human body, is essential for medical diagnostics, particularly for cardiovascular diseases. In our study, we develop the theory, that the propagation of biopotential of cardiac origin (ECG signal) may be treated as the propagation of low-frequency endogenous electromagnetic (EM) wave through the human body. We show that within this approach, the velocity of the ECG signal can be theoretically estimated, like for any other wave and physical medium, from the refraction index of the tissue in an appropriate frequency range. We confirm the theoretical predictions by the results of a direct measurement of the ECG signal propagation velocity and obtain mean velocity as low as v=1500 m/s. The results shed new light on our understanding of biopotential propagation through living tissue. This finding may improve medical diagnostics based on the impedance spectroscopy and electrocardiographic imaging, not to mention ECG, EEG and virtually all electric measurements. Better understanding of the underlying phenomena may also lead to new therapy solutions in various clinical contexts.
Deep-learning algorithm development for river flow prediction: PNP algorithm
Authors: Bak Gwiman , Bae Youngchul 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Deep-learning algorithms developed in recent decades have performed well in prediction and classification using accumulated big data. However, as climate change has recently become a more serious global problem, natural disasters are occurring frequently. When analyzing natural disasters from the perspective of a data analyst, they are considered outliers, and the ability to predict outliers (natural disasters) using deep-learning algorithms based on big data acquired by computers is limited. To predict natural disasters, deep-learning algorithms must be enhanced to be able to predict outliers based on information such as the correlation between the input and output. Thus, algorithms that specialize in one field must be developed, and specialized algorithms for abnormal values must be developed to predict natural disasters. Therefore, considering the correlation between the input and output, we propose a positive and negative perceptron (PNP) algorithm to predict the flow rate of rivers using climate change-sensitive precipitation. The PNP algorithm consists of a hidden deep-learning layer composed of positive and negative neurons. We built deep-learning models using the PNP algorithm to predict the flow of three rivers. We also built comparative deep-learning models using long short-term memory (LSTM) to validate the performance of the PNP algorithm. We compared the predictive performance of each model using the root mean square error and symmetric mean absolute percentage error and demonstrated that it performed better than the LSTM algorithms.
Video endoscopic finding of acute laryngitis caused by SARS-CoV-2 during the Omicron variant wave
Authors: Tamura Atsushi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A 44-year-old male, who was diagnosed with SARS‑CoV‑2/Omicron variant, reported strong sore throat and difficulty swallowing after hospitalization. The rhino-laryngo flexible video endoscopy, which was conducted for excluding acute epiglottis, showed necrotic legion localized to the supraglottic, glottic and subglottic area, and mildly edematous arytenoids. Meanwhile, no findings of acute epiglottitis were found. Based on the endoscopic findings, I considered that acute laryngitis was caused by Omicron variant, and strong sore throat and difficulty swallowing were developed. He received an oral painkiller and no supplemental oxygen were administered. After several days, his symptoms resolved. The Omicron variant is more likely to infect the upper respiratory tract than the lower respiratory system, and main symptoms caused by the Omicron variant consist of upper respiratory tract symptoms, such as sore throat. The diffuse necrotic lesion seen in the larynx in this case could be a characteristic of acute laryngitis caused by the Omicron variant.
Structured implementation of the Supportive and Palliative Care Indicators Tool in general practice – A prospective interventional study with follow-up
Authors: Afshar Kambiz , Baal Katharina van , Wiese Birgitt , Schleef Tanja , Stiel Stephanie , Müller-Mundt Gabriele , Schneider Nils 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
General practitioners (GPs) play a key role in the provision of primary palliative care (PC). The identification of patients who might benefit from PC and the timely initiation of patient-centred measures at the end of life are essential, yet challenging. Although different tools exist to support these key tasks, a structured approach is often missing.
Objective
The study aimed at implementing the German version of the Supportive and Palliative Care Indicators Tool (SPICT-DE™) in general practices, following a structured and regional approach, in order to evaluate the effects of this tool on the identification of patients with potential PC needs and the initiation of patient-centred measures.
Methods
The intervention of this mixed-methods study comprised a standardised training of 52 GPs from 34 general practices in two counties in Lower Saxony, Germany, on the use of the SPICT-DE™. Subsequently, over a period of 12 months, GPs applied the SPICT-DE™ in daily practice with adult patients with chronic, progressive diseases, and completed a follow-up survey 6 months after the initial patient assessment. The outcome parameters were alterations in the patient’s situation, and the type and number of initiated patient-centred measures during the follow-up interval. Additionally, 12 months after the standardised training, GPs provided feedback on their application of the SPICT-DE™.
Results
A total of 43 GPs (n = 15 female, median age 53 years) out of an initial sample of 52 trained GPs assessed 580 patients (345 female, median age 84 years) with mainly cardiovascular (47%) and oncological (33%) diseases. Follow-up of 412 patients revealed that 231 (56%) experienced at least one critical incident in their disease progression (e.g. acute crisis), 151 (37%) had at least one hospital admission, and 141 (34%) died. A review of current treatment/medication (76%) and a clarification of treatment goals (53%) were the most frequently initiated patient-centred measures. The majority of GPs deemed the SPICT-DE™ practical (85%) and stated an intention to continue applying the tool in daily practice (66%).
Conclusions
The SPICT-DE™ is a practical tool that supports the identification of patients at risk of deterioration or dying and promotes the initiation of patient-centred measures.
Trial registration
The study was registered in the German Clinical Trials Register (N° DRKS00015108; 22/01/2019).
A simplified workflow for end-point validation of real-time electrical cell-substrate impedance sensing of retinoic acid stimulated neurogenesis in human SH-SY5Y cells in vitro
Authors: Joos-Vandewalle Julia , Steenkamp Vanessa , Prinsloo Earl 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
Retinoic acid (RA) is known to transition proliferating SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells towards functional neurons. However, the activity of RA is restricted due to its photosensitivity. The aim of the study was to establish a real-time, long-term (9-day) protocol for the screening and identification of novel small molecule compounds that can induce or enhance SH-SY5Y differentiation and subsequently aid in the development of synthetic neurotrophic factors.
Results
A differentiation baseline for SH-SY5Y cells was established. Cells were seeded and exposed to repeated spikes of RA using the xCELLigence real-time cell analyser single plate (RTCA-SP) for real-time monitoring and identification of differentiation activity over a 9-day period in order to be more representative of differentiation timelines.
Conclusion
RA-induced growth inhibition was identified by the xCELLigence analysis and confirmed by end-point metabolic and phenotypic analysis. Change in cellular morphology and neurite outgrowth length was identified by end-point fluorescence detection followed by computational analysis. It was possible to confirm SH-SY5Y phenotypic differentiation using the combination of technologies employed.
The Epidemiology of and Management of Pediatric Patients with Head Trauma: A Hospital-based Study from Southern Sweden
Authors: Mukhtar Ali Al , Bergenfeldt Henrik , Edelhamre Marcus , Vedin Tomas , Larsson Per-Anders , Öberg Stefan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide. In Scandinavia, the epidemiology of pediatric head trauma is poorly documented. This study aimed to investigate and compare the epidemiology and management of pediatric patients with isolated head trauma (IHT) and head trauma in connection with multitrauma (MHT).Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of medical records of patients < 18 years of age who attended any of the five emergency departments (ED) in Scania County in Sweden in 2016 due to head trauma. Clinical data of patients with IHT were analyzed and compared with those of patients with MHT.Results: We identified 5046 pediatric patients with head trauma, 4874 with IHT and 186 with MHT, yielding an incidence of ED visits due to head trauma of 1815/100,000 children/year. There was male predominance, and the median age was four years. Falls were the dominating trauma mechanism in IHT patients, while motor vehicle accidents dominated in MHT patients. The frequencies of CT head-scans, ward admissions and intracranial injuries (ICI) were 5.4%, 11.1% and 0.7%, respectively. Four patients (0.08%) required neurosurgical intervention. The relative risks for CT-scans and admissions to a hospital ward and ICI were 10, 4.5 and 19 times higher for MHT compared with IHT patients.Conclusion: Head trauma is a common cause of ED visits in our study. Head-CTs and ICIs were less frequent than in previous studies. MHT patients had higher rates of CT-scans, admissions, and ICIs than IHT patients, suggesting that they are separate entities that should ideally be managed using different guidelines to optimize the use of CT-scans of the head.
Gut microbiome profiling of term versus preterm infants using Nanopore MinION and Illumina MiSeq sequencing
Authors: Cha Teahyen , Kim Hoo Hugo , Keum Jihyun , Kwak Min‑Jin , Park Jae Yong , Hoh Jeong Kyu , Kim Chang-Ryul , Jeon Byong-Hun , Park Hyun-Kyung 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: The impact of prematurity on the gut microbiome has not been extensively studied. The newer Nanopore MinION sequencing (long-read, Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT)), a third-generation sequencing for microbiome profiling, is an attractive option in clinical settings. However, its application remains a challenge, particularly in the clinical field. This study aimed to evaluate how different gut microbiomes are longitudinally between preterm and term infants by ONT compared with an established gold standard, Illumina (second-generation short-read sequencing).Methods: A total of 38 stool samples from 34 neonates (12 term (T) and 22 preterm (P) infants) were collected at 7 days (T1, P1) and 1 month of life (T2, P2). Gut colonization profiling was performed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing using ONT. We used Illumina to validate and compare the patterns in 17 neonates (25 samples). Bioinformatic analysis was performed to identify the features that differed between P and T.Results: The ONT reliably identified pathogenic bacteria at the genus level, and taxonomic profiles were comparable to those identified by Illumina at the genus level (Pearson’s correlation coefficient, r = 0.906). Both T1 and P1 microbiomes were dominated by the Firmicutes phylum (Staphylococcus and Enterococcus), whereas sequentially showed dominant transitions to Lactobacillus (p < 0.001) and Streptococcus in T2 (p = 0.001), and pathogenic bacteria (Klebsiella) in P2 (p = 0.001). The abundance of beneficial bacteria (Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus genera/species) increased in T2 (p = 0.026 and p < 0.001, respectively). These assignments were correlated with the abundance at the species level. Longitudinally, bacterial α-diversity increased in T (p = 0.005) but not in P (p = 0.156), and P2 showed distinct β-diversity clustering than T2 (p = 0.001).Conclusions: This study shows that ONT and Illumina are highly correlated. P and T had different microbiome profiles, and the α- and β-diversity varied. These findings highlight the potential of ONT sequencing as an adaptable technology for pathogen detection in neonates in clinical settings.
Sexual and Gender-Based Violence victims’ satisfaction of the support services through the holistic model of care in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Mugisho Gilbert M. , Maroyi Raha , Nabami Solange , Kasherwa Amani C. , Bitenga Ali , Mukwege Denis 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background: The quality-of-care assessment is an important indicator of the efficiency of a healthcare system. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), despite the implementation of the holistic care model for the treatment of sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) victims, little is known about the client’s perception of this model and its outcome. This study aimed to examine the expected and perceived satisfaction of service recipients through the One-Stop-Center model of health care in eastern DRC.Methodology: This descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at Panzi Hospital (PH), in eastern DRC. Data were collected by a mixed-methods approach, 64 Victims of Sexual Violence (VSVs) participated in individual (in-depth) interviews and 150 completed the Survey.Results: The findings from our qualitative analysis demonstrated that the VSVs admitted at PH had various expectations and needs on arrival depending on their social identity and residence locations. For instance, the VSVs coming from remote areas with ongoing armed conflicts mentioned concerns related to their security in the post-treatment period and the risks of re-victimization that this could incur. Conversely, those who came from the urban neighborhood, with relative security raised various concerns related to their legal reparation and ongoing access to other support services. Based on their origins, the result from the quantitative analysis demonstrated the overall satisfaction of the client with the support services, 86% (p<10%) mentioned their satisfaction with the home visiting or follow-up of the support workers during and after the treatment and 88% (p<10%) of respondents mentioned the social support received both at the hospital and in their communities. In relation to the holistic care model, 89 % (p<5%) of clients mentioned that the healthcare services they received from the PH exceeded their expectations and wished that PH could continue supporting them mentally and financially for an effective reintegration into their communities.Conclusions: Results of this study suggest that victims’ satisfaction with support services is based on either the organizational frameworks of clinical or support services within the hospital and the victims’ social environment.
DYRK1A haploinsufficiency affects the development of astroglia and oligodendroglia, and axonal conductivity in the brain
Authors: Pijuan Isabel , Balducci Elisa , Soto-Sánchez Cristina , Fernández Eduardo , Barallobre María José , Arbonés Maria L. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: The correct development and activity of neurons and glial cells, and the interplay between them, is necessary to establish proper brain connectivity. DYRK1A encodes a protein kinase that influences neurogenesis and the morphological differentiation of neurons. Indeed, it is a gene associated with a risk of autism spectrum disorders. DYRK1A loss-of-function mutations cause a rare disorder in heterozygosity characterized by developmental delay, microcephaly, moderate-to-severe intellectual disability, speech delay or the absence of communicative language, motor dysfunctions and a distinctive facial gestalt. Ritualized behaviours and/or autism are also frequent traits in this disorder. As such, glial cell development and myelination in the brain have been explored in relation to DYRK1A haploinsufficiency syndrome.Methods: Using cell-specific markers, the developmental trajectories of cortical macroglial cells were analysed in brain sections of Dyrk1a+/- mice, a mouse model that recapitulates the main neurological features of DYRK1A syndrome. In combination with in utero electroporation, the ultrastructure of the brain white matter was studied by electron microscopy and the characteristics of the nodes of Ranvier by immunofluorescence. Myelin protein was assessed by immunoblotting and electrophysiology was performed to measure conduction velocities of evoked compound action potentials in the corpus callosum.Results: In Dyrk1a+/- mice the development of glial cells that populate the prospective neocortex was altered. An increase in astrogliogenesis produced an excess of astrocytes that persisted into adulthood, in conjunction with a delay in the production of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and their progression along the oligodendroglial lineage. There were fewer myelinated axons in the corpus callosum of Dyrk1a+/- mice, axons that are thinner and with abnormal nodes of Ranvier. Moreover, action potential propagation along myelinated and unmyelinated callosal axons was slower in Dyrk1a+/- mutants. All these abnormalities are likely to affect neuronal circuit development and alter network synchronicity, influencing higher brain functions.Conclusions: The results obtained here indicate that disrupted macroglial development and white matter myelination contribute to the core neurological symptoms of DYRK1A syndrome, paving the way to design pharmacological interventions that ameliorate or revert these symptoms postnatally.
Changes in rhythmic oscillations of skeletal muscle clock genes and metabolic clock-controlled genes after heavy exercise
Authors: FU Zeting , Li Lunyu , Xia Yu , Yao Binyu , Liu Ying , Ding Haili 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Exercise is considered to be a timing factor (zeitgeber) that can affect rhythm changes in skeletal muscle. The phase of the skeletal muscle clock affects the metabolism of the muscles. However, whether exercise intensity induces phase changes in oscillations of clock genes as well as clock-controlled metabolic genes remains uncertain. We aimed to assess the effects of heavy exercise on skeletal muscle clock genes and phase changes in oscillations of clock-controlled metabolic genes. The expression of clock genes Bmal1 and Clock in the skeletal muscle of rats was analyzed by real-time PCR, and the expression of clock-controlled metabolic proteins NAMPT, NAD+, and SIRT1 was analyzed by ELISA. Sprague Dawley rats were kept under a regular 12/12-h light/dark cycle. Rats in the exercise group were exposed to a downhill run of 90 min at a speed of 16 m/min and an angle of − 16°. Sampling was performed at 6-h intervals. Compared with the control group, the rhythm of Bmal1 mRNA expression in the exercise group disappeared on the first day, and the rhythm recovered on the second day; Clock mRNA expression lost its rhythmicity in 72 h. The expression of NAMPT, NAD+, and SIRT1 was lost on the first day and the second day, but the rhythm recovered on the third day. These data demonstrate that muscle contractions are sufficient to shift the phase of muscle circadian clock and clock-controlled metabolic genes, likely via changes in core clock gene expression.
Heartwood and Sapwood of Tectona grandis wood characterized by CG/MS-PY
Authors: de Castro Vinícius Resende , Surdi Paula Gabriella , Fernandes Sergio Antonio , Berger Matheus da Silva , Zanuncio Antonio José Vinha , Zanuncio José Cola , Araujo Solange Oliveira 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Teak wood has a high market value, being used for the manufacture of furniture, naval industry and others. Its wood presents high dimensional stability, resistance to xylophagous organisms and important phytochemical and pharmacological chemical compounds, which can enhance the use of its wood in the pharmaceutical industry. Color differences between the heartwood and sapwood of the teak wood are due to chemical components that need further studies. Heartwood and sapwood of T. grandis (teak), 15 years-old, were characterized by Py-CG/MS analysis and syringyl (S)/guaiacyl (G) ratio was evaluated. Heartwood and sapwood were pyrolyzed at 550°C and 62 and 51 compounds were identified from them, respectively. The largest number of compounds in the heartwood is due to the deposition of extractives during its formation. The organic compounds identified include 2-methylanthraquinone as one of the main component responsible for the resistance of the teak wood to biological factors (fungi and termites). The syringyl (S)/guaiacyl (G) ratio of heartwood and sapwood was 0.51 and 0.50, respectively.
N-fold generalized Darboux transformation and asymptotic analysis of the degenerate solitons for the Sasa-Satsuma equation in the dispersive nonlinear media
Authors: Gao Yi-Tian , Wu Xi-Hu , Yu Xin , Ding Cui-Cui 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the Sasa-Satsuma equation, which is applied to the dynamics of the deep water waves, and the pulse propagation in the optical fibers and generally in the dispersive nonlinear media, is investigated. Starting from the first-order Darboux transformation, we construct an N-fold generalized Darboux transformation (GDT) for the Sasa-Satsuma equation, where N is a positive integer. Through the obtained N-fold GDT, we derive three kinds of the semirational solutions, which describe the second-order degenerate solitons, the third-order degenerate solitons, and the interaction between the second-order degenerate solitons and one soliton, respectively. We graphically illustrate the above three kinds of semirational solutions and investigate them through the asymptotic analysis, from which we find that the characteristic lines of the semirational solutions are composed of the straight lines and curves. Expressions of the characteristic lines, positions, amplitudes, slopes, positions and phase shifts of the asymptotic solitons are presented through the asymptotic analysis.