bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Difference between estimated and actual body weight in an intensive care unit—A service evaluation
Authors: Monsees Jonas , Staunton Fionnuala , Morris Aidan , Paredes Tracy Grace Sarmiento , Sebastian Sneha , O'Connor Tom 
Published: February 2025

AbstractActual body weight (ABW) is important for drug dosing and calculating nutritional requirements. The aim of this study is to establish the difference between ABW and estimated body weight in a cohort of ICU patients. Our service evaluation compared 100 patients whose weights were initially estimated by staff, and if able by patients also. Weights were then measured. We also compared ABW to Ideal and Predicted Body Weights. We had a ⟩10% error margin in 36% of estimated weights and a ⟩ 20% error margin in 11% of estimated weights. Median error for patients self‐estimating their body weight was 4.14% (IQR 1.39‐7.74). For patients that were able to estimate their weight the median error margin was 4.14% (IQR 1.39‐7.74). The Median difference between ABW and Ideal Body Weight was 18.57% (IQR 9.78‐36.57) and 18.15% for ABW and Predicted Body Weight (IQR 9.13‐36.58). Estimated body weights should only be used when weighing patients is contraindicated. Patients are more accurate at estimating their own body weight than staff. It is best practice to accurately measure body weight in ICU patients.
Vertical canopy gradients of respiration drive plant carbon budgets and leaf area index
Authors: Needham Jessica F. , Dey Sharmila , Koven Charles D. , Fisher Rosie A. , Knox Ryan G. , Lamour Julien , Lemieux Gregory , Longo Marcos , Rogers Alistair , Holm Jennifer 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Despite its importance for determining global carbon fluxes, leaf respiration remains poorly constrained in land surface models (LSMs). We tested the sensitivity of the Energy Exascale Earth System Model Land Model – Functionally Assembled Terrestrial Ecosystem Simulator (ELM‐FATES) to variation in the canopy gradients of leaf maintenance respiration (Rdark).
We ran global and point simulations varying the canopy gradient of Rdark to explore the impacts on forest structure, composition, and carbon cycling.
In global simulations, steeper canopy gradients of Rdark lead to increased understory survival and leaf biomass. Leaf area index (LAI) increased up to 77% in tropical regions compared with the default parameterization, improving alignment with remotely sensed benchmarks. Global vegetation carbon varied from 308 Pg C to 449 Pg C across the ensemble. In tropical forest simulations, steeper gradients of Rdark had a large impact on successional dynamics.
Results show the importance of canopy gradients in leaf traits and fluxes for determining plant carbon budgets and emergent ecosystem properties such as competitive dynamics, LAI, and vegetation carbon. The high‐model sensitivity to canopy gradients in Rdark highlights the need for more observations of how leaf traits and fluxes vary along light micro‐environments to inform critical dynamics in LSMs.
Association of macular sensitivity with posterior staphyloma in highly myopic eyes: Aier‐SERI high myopia adult cohort study
Authors: Jiang Yanfeng , Foo Li‐Lian , Hu Ziqi , Pan Wei , Cheong Kai‐Xiong , Tan Huanhuan , Saw Seang‐Mei , Hoang Quan V. , Yang Zhikuan , Lan Weizhong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between macular sensitivity (MS) and posterior staphyloma (PS) in highly myopic eyes.MethodsThis cross‐sectional, observational study included 646 highly myopic eyes (spherical equivalent (SE) ≤−5.00D and the international meta‐analysis for pathologic myopia classification grade of <2) from 362 participants. MS was measured using microperimetry and evaluated between eyes with and without PS. Correlations between MS and PS were determined in multivariate regression models.ResultsAlthough there was no significant difference in best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA) (p = 0.07), the MS of the PS group was significantly lower than the no PS group at the central 2°, 4°, 6°, 8° and 10° (all p < 0.001). After controlling age, axial length (AL) and SE, the MS in the PS group was still lower than the no PS group from 2° to 10° (all p < 0.05). In a multivariable analysis adjusting for age, AL, SE and BCVA, the presence of PS was significantly associated with lower MS in the central 2°–10° (all p < 0.05).ConclusionsLower MS was independently associated with the presence of PS in highly myopic eyes. Even when BCVA was not significantly different, MS still could reveal subtle changes in visual function in highly myopic eyes with PS.
Lysine deacetylase TaSRT1 mediates wheat drought tolerance by deacetylating TaDT‐A to reduce its protein stability and transcriptional activity
Authors: Chang Shumin , Yang Qun , Chu Wei , Liu Xingbei , Li Jinpeng , Liu Zehui , Lin Jingchen , Liu Debiao , Zhao Danyang , Peng Xiao , Xin Mingming , Yao Yingyin , Xie Xiaodong , Peng Huiru , Ni Zhongfu , Sun Qixin , Hu Zhaorong 
Published: February 2025

SummaryDrought is one of the major environmental stresses limiting crop growth and yield. Epigenetic regulations play crucial roles in plant adaptation to environmental changes, whereas the epigenetic mechanism of drought resistance in crops remains largely elusive. Here, we report that the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)‐dependent deacetylase TaSRT1 negatively regulates drought tolerance in wheat. Compared with the wild type, the tasrt1 mutant had higher relative water contents, along with a smaller stomatal aperture and improved water use efficiency under drought conditions, whereas TaSRT1 overexpression plants exhibited opposite phenotypes. TaSRT1 directly interacted with the drought‐resistant pivotal factor TaDT‐A to regulate its protein stability and transcriptional activity through lysine deacetylation. Furthermore, the key lysine residue of TaDT‐A was identified as a deacetylation/acetylation site that plays an important role in regulating its stability. In addition, genetic analysis indicated TaDT‐A functions downstream of TaSRT1 to modulate drought resistance. These findings uncover how the functional interplay between epigenetic regulator and transcription factors regulates drought resistance in plants, and illustrate a mechanism by which lysine deacetylase affects gene transcription via influencing non‐histone protein acetylation and regulating their function.
Lanthanum supplementation with abscisic acid modulates rhizosphere dynamics through changes in nitric oxide synthesis in wheat
Authors: Mahajan Moksh , Sahoo Rudra Narayan , Khan M. Iqbal R. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractLanthanum (La), a rare earth element (REE) found its wide applications in the agricultural land practices. Utilization of La as a fertilizer is based on its concentration for staple crops, including wheat (Triticum aestivum). We have investigated the role of a beneficial dose of La (60 μM) along with ABA (10 μM) in improving wheat root dynamics and defense systems (ascorbate‐glutathione pathway, secondary metabolites, and nitric oxide (NO) biosynthesis). Co‐application of La60 and ABA significantly enhanced all the root dynamic attributes along with defense systems and reduced production of reative oxygen species (ROS). The use of the NO inhibitor c‐PTIO [2‐(4‐carboxyphenyl)‐4,4,5,5‐tetramethylimidazoline‐1‐oxy‐3‐oxide], proved that the impact of co‐application of La60 and ABA on root growth dynamics was mediated by NO biosynthesis. Thus, this study could work as the base to understand the dose‐dependent behavior of La in plants, offering valuable implications for enhancing crop resilience, optimizing agricultural practices, and mitigating the detrimental effects of La toxicity on wheat root development. This research gives a comprehensive insight into root dynamics influenced by ABA with La dose optimisations in wheat.
The Novel HLA‐B*15:662 Allele, Identified by Sanger Dideoxy Nucleotide Sequencing in a Chinese Individual
Authors: Chen Dong , An Lin , Xue Han‐chun , Lu Ying , Pei Ren‐zhi 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTHLA‐B*15:662 differs from HLA‐B*15:11:01 by one nucleotide in exon 5.
Characterisation of the Novel HLA‐A*32:01:59 Allele by Sequencing‐Based Typing
Authors: Cargou Marine , Elsermans Vincent , Top Isabelle , Wojchiechowski Elodie , Visentin Jonathan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTHLA‐A*32:01:59 differs from HLA‐A*32:01:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution in codon 303 in exon 5.
Local statistical moments to capture Kramers–Moyal coefficients
Authors: Wiedemann Christian , Wächter Matthias , Freund Jan A. , Peinke Joachim 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study introduces an innovative local statistical moment approach for estimating Kramers–Moyal coefficients, effectively bridging the gap between nonparametric and parametric methodologies. These coefficients play a crucial role in characterizing stochastic processes. Our proposed approach provides a versatile framework for localized coefficient estimation, combining the flexibility of nonparametric methods with the interpretability of global parametric approaches. We showcase the efficacy of our approach through use cases involving both stationary and non-stationary time series analysis. Additionally, we demonstrate its applicability to real-world complex systems, specifically in the energy conversion process analysis of a wind turbine.

Graphic abstract
Generating a highly uniform magnetic field inside the magnetically shielded room of the n2EDM experiment
Authors: Abel C. , Ayres N. J. , Ban G. , Bison G. , Bodek K. , Bondar V. , Bouillaud T. , Bowles D. C. , Caratsch G. L. , Chanel E. , Chen W. , Chiu P.-J. , Crawford C. , Dechenaux B. , Doorenbos C. B. , Emmenegger S. , Ferraris-Bouchez L. , Fertl M. , Flaux P. , Fratangelo A. , Goupillière D. , Griffith W. C. , Grujic Z. , Höhl D. , Kasprzak M. , Kirch K. , Kletzl V. , Komposch S. V. , Koss P. A. , Krempel J. , Lauss B. , Lefort T. , Lejuez A. , Li R. , Meier M. , Menu J. , Michielsen K. , Mullan P. , Mullins A. , Naviliat-Cuncic O. , Pais D. , Piegsa F. M. , Pignol G. , Quemener G. , Rawlik M. , Rebreyend D. , Rienaecker I. , Ries D. , Roccia S. , Rozpedzik D. , Schnabel A. , Schmidt-Wellenburg P. , Segarra E. P. , Severijns N. , Smith C. A. , Svirina K. , Tavakoli R. , Thorne J. , Touati S. , Vankeirsbilck J. , Virot R. , Voigt J. , Wursten E. , Yazdandoost N. , Zejma J. , Ziehl N. , Zsigmond G. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We present a coil system designed to generate a highly uniform magnetic field for the n2EDM experiment at the Paul Scherrer Institute. It consists of a main

$$B_0$$

B
0

coil and a set of auxiliary coils mounted on a cubic structure with a side length of

$$273~\hbox {cm}$$

273

cm

, inside a large magnetically shielded room (MSR). We have assembled this system and characterized its performances with a mapping robot. The apparatus is able to generate a

$$1~\upmu \hbox {T}$$

1

μ
T

vertical field with a relative root mean square deviation

$$\sigma (B_z)/B_z = 3\times 10^{-5}$$

σ

(

B
z

)

/

B
z

=
3
×

10

-
5

over the volume of interest, a cylinder of radius

$$40~\hbox {cm}$$

40

cm

and height

$${30}~\hbox {cm}$$

30

cm

. This level of uniformity overcomes the n2EDM requirements, allowing a measurement of the neutron Electric Dipole Moment with a sensitivity better than

$$1\times 10^{-27}e\,\hbox {cm}$$

1
×

10

-
27

e

cm

.
Delayed photofission of dianionic tin clusters
Authors: Jankowski Alexander , Fischer Paul , Grunwald-Delitz Moritz , Schweikhard Lutz 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Dianionic tin clusters

$$\textrm{Sn}_{34}^{2-}$$

Sn

34

2
-

stored in a Penning trap are excited by nanosecond laser pulses with photon energies ranging from 2.0 to

$$4.7\,\textrm{eV}$$

4.7

eV

, resulting in delayed decays. Time-resolved measurements with varying delays between laser irradiation and fragment analysis from a few ten microseconds to a second reveal matching exponential appearance constants of several singly charged dissociation products. This indicates that the dianions undergo fission into competing pairs of

$$\textrm{Sn}_{10}^{-}$$

Sn

10

-

+

$$\textrm{Sn}_{24}^{-}$$

Sn

24

-

and

$$\textrm{Sn}_{15}^{-}$$

Sn

15

-

+

$$\textrm{Sn}_{19}^{-}$$

Sn

19

-

. Furthermore, matching decay constants for high photon energies of twice the low-energy values indicate that the decay observed at the low energies results from two-photon excitation.The delayed photodecay of dianionic tin clusters shows competing dissociation pathways by fission into two singly charged product clusters. Further sequential decay processes are investigated.

Graphic abstract
The Relationship Between Air Pollution, Meteorological Factors, and Eosinophil Counts in Peripheral Blood of Patients With Allergic Rhinitis: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Fan Boya , Wang Gang , Wang Lei , Wu Wei 
Published: February 2025

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between air pollution, meteorological factors, and eosinophils in the peripheral blood of allergic rhinitis (AR) patients.Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of medical records from the Ninth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital in Beijing. A review of medical records (1st January 2014–31th August 2022) of 1080 AR patients who underwent peripheral blood eosinophil count tests. Patients were stratified into elevated and normal eosinophil count groups. Daily meteorological data (mean temperature and relative humidity) and ambient pollutant levels (PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, CO, and ozone [O3]) were collected. The mean pollutant levels and meteorological factors on the day of eosinophil count measurement were calculated separately for each group. Linear regression was performed to analyze the association between eosinophil counts and both meteorological factors and pollutant levels among AR patients.Results: In 1080 AR patients, 11.85% had elevated eosinophil counts. Higher temperature (16.88 ± 9.09°C), humidity (57.75 ± 17.22%), and O3 levels (116.54 ± 54.92 μg/m3) correlated significantly (p < 0.05) with elevated eosinophil counts. Linear regression confirmed positive associations between eosinophil count and temperature (β = 0.003), humidity (β = 0.001), and O3 (β = 0.0004) (p < 0.05). Other pollutants showed no significant differences.Conclusion: Elevated eosinophil counts in AR patients correlated significantly with higher temperature, humidity, and O3 levels. Linear regression confirmed positive associations between eosinophil count and these meteorological factors.
Investigation of the Positional Relationship Between the Tympanic Segment of the Chorda Tympani and the Incus in Patients With Otosclerosis or Middle Ear Anomalies Using Ultra‐High Resolution Computed Tomography
Authors: Katsura Aya , Kaneshiro Shinsuke , Hiraumi Harukazu , Obara Makiko , Tamura Akio , Shiga Kiyoto , Yoshioka Kunihiro 
Published: February 2025

Objective: This study evaluated the sensitivity and accuracy of ultra‐high‐resolution computed tomography (U‐HRCT) in predicting the relationship between the chorda tympani and the long crus of the incus in patients with otosclerosis or middle ear anomalies.Methods: Thirteen patients with otosclerosis or middle ear anomalies were enrolled in this study (three males and ten females; mean age, 41.6 years; range, 7–67 years). The patients underwent U‐HRCT (Aquilion Precision; Canon Medical Systems, Japan). Multiplanar reconstruction images were obtained, and the distance between the chorda tympani and the long crus of the incus was measured in a plane parallel to the superstructure of the stapes. In addition, the distance between the two structures was measured during surgery. Subsequently, distances of every 0.5 mm obtained using the two modalities were grouped and compared.Results: The U‐HRCT‐based evaluation revealed that the mean distance from the chorda tympani to the long crus of the incus was 0.7 mm, whereas the mean actual distance during the surgery was 0.9 mm. In nine of the 13 patients, the U‐HRCT‐based and actual distances belonged to the same group. In four patients, the U‐HRCT measurements were smaller than the actual distances. The chorda tympani was attached to the long crus of the incus in three cases, and U‐HRCT precisely predicted this finding in all three cases.Conclusion: U‐HRCT is useful for detecting the relationship between the chorda tympani and the long crus of the incus in patients with otosclerosis or middle ear anomalies.
Tapping Into the Natural PZ-Independent Anticoagulant Function of ZPI to Inhibit Thrombosis With Minimal Effect on Hemostasis
Authors: Huang Xin , Swanson Richard , Wang Can , Du Xiaoping 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:
The protein ZPI (Z-dependent protease inhibitor) binds to PZ (protein Z), which enables ZPI to inhibit membrane-bound FXa (activated factor X). ZPI also inhibits FXIa (activated factor XI) independently of PZ.

METHODS:
To study the PZ-independent ZPI function, we tested the in vitro and in vivo effect of disrupting the ZPI-PZ interaction by mutating ZPI Asp 293 to Ala (D293A).

RESULTS:

D293A mutation reduced PZ-dependent FXa inhibition without affecting FXIa inhibition. D293A also diminished FXIIa (activated FXII)-induced thrombin generation but reduced TF (tissue factor)-induced thrombin generation only at low TF concentrations. This suggests that D293A selectively inhibits the intrinsic pathway and the thrombin-FXI (factor XI) feedback loop that enhances low-dose TF-initiated coagulation. Wild-type and D293A ZPI both showed selectivity in inhibiting activated partial thromboplastin time but not prothrombin time. Increasing PZ in plasma enhances activated partial thromboplastin time inhibition and enables prothrombin time inhibition by wild-type but not D293A ZPI, further indicating that D293A ZPI selectively inhibits the intrinsic pathway independently of PZ. In mouse models, D293A inhibited FeCl
3
-induced occlusive carotid artery thrombosis and venous thrombosis in the inferior vena cava. Thus, PZ-independent ZPI function plays a major role in ZPI inhibition of occlusive thrombosis, and D293A ZPI is an effective antithrombotic. Importantly, administering D293A ZPI did not affect tail bleeding time and showed improved hemostasis in a saphenous vein hemostasis model as compared with wild-type ZPI.

CONCLUSIONS:
The PZ-binding defective variant of ZPI, D293A, selectively inhibits the intrinsic coagulation pathway and is a new anticoagulant with reduced bleeding risk.
Bleeding and New Malignancy Diagnoses After Anticoagulation for Atrial Fibrillation: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Grewal Kavi , Wang Xuesong , Austin Peter C. , Jackevicius Cynthia A. , Nardi-Admon Inbar , Ko Dennis T. , Lee Douglas S. , Thavendiranathan Paaladinesh , Fradley Michael , Dorian Paul , Abdel-Qadir Husam 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:
Bleeding after starting anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation (AF) may be the first sign of malignancy, especially in elderly individuals. There are no recommendations to guide investigations for malignancy after new-onset bleeding after anticoagulation for AF. Our objective was to determine the association of bleeding after starting oral anticoagulation for AF with new diagnoses of malignancy in a population-wide sample.

METHODS:
We conducted a population-based cohort study using linked administrative data sets of people ≥66 years of age who newly initiated warfarin or direct oral anticoagulants after diagnosis with AF between 2008 and 2022. Follow-up was 2 years after starting anticoagulation. We excluded patients with valvular disease, chronic dialysis, venous thromboembolism, previous cancer, or previously documented bleeding. Bleeding was identified from hospital/emergency department discharge records and physician billings, then handled as a time-varying covariate in cause-specific regression models while adjusting for baseline characteristics. The primary outcome was incident malignancy. We also determined the site of origin of the malignancy and the stage at diagnosis if indicated in the Ontario Cancer Registry. Analyses were repeated while limiting the exposure to specific bleeding sites.

RESULTS:

Among 119 480 people (mean age, 77.4 years; 52% male) who started anticoagulants, 26 037 (21.8%) had documented bleeding, and 5800 (4.9%) were diagnosed with malignancy within the next 2 years. Bleeding was associated with a higher hazard of cancer diagnosis with a hazard ratio (HR) of 4.0 (95% CI, 3.8–4.3). The HRs for any malignancy were 5.0 (95% CI, 4.6–5.5) for gastrointestinal, 5.0 (95% CI, 4.4–5.7) for genitourinary, 4.0 (95% CI, 3.5–4.6) for respiratory, 1.8 (95% CI, 1.4–2.2) for intracranial, and 1.5 (95% CI, 1.2–2.0) for nasopharyngeal bleeds. The HRs were substantially higher for cancers concordant with the bleeding site (gastrointestinal, 15.4; genitourinary, 11.8; respiratory, 10.1). Cancers were diagnosed at an earlier stage after bleeding (27.6% stage 4 after bleeding versus 31.3% without bleeding;
P
=0.029).

CONCLUSIONS:
In anticoagulated patients with AF, bleeding was strongly associated with new cancer diagnoses. Antecedent bleeding was associated with cancer diagnosis at an earlier stage. This highlights the importance of timely investigations in patients with bleeding after anticoagulation for AF, rather than attributing bleeding as an expected adverse effect.
Investigating Ottoman Press Censorship in the Eastern Mediterranean Through Conceptual History: The Peculiar Use of ‘Incident’ (ḥāditha)
Authors: Grallert Till 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper re-evaluates the history of Ottoman censorship through the lens of conceptual history, focusing on how the periodical press of Damascus and Beirut reported incidents of violence between 1875 and 1914. I argue that well into the twentieth century, the Ottoman state had insufficient power to comprehensively enforce censorship. Instead, the press and the state were interdependent and shared the belief in a modernising project with the ever-expanding state at its core. The press largely understood its role as serving society as it moved along this path to progress and prosperity. Thus, we encounter deeply entrenched editorial tactics, epitomised by the reference to generic “incidents”, to deal with the tension between violence as a quotidian phenomenon and its very occurrence being perceived as a fundamental challenge to the social contract. Analysing the tactics used to delegitimise acts of violence and their perpetrators, the paper establishes an ontology and a topography of the discourse on violence in the late Ottoman Eastern Mediterranean.