bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IL-37 reduces calcification by inhibiting the oxidized low-density lipoprotein(ox-LDL)-induced toll-like receptor(TLR)/nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB) signaling pathway and suppressing cellular osteogenic transformation in smooth muscle cells
Authors: MA ChenYue , CAO YuKun , Wang Meng , HE QiongYi , CHAI Meng , ZHANG HaiTao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
[Objective] Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of high mortality worldwide, and vascular calcification (VC) increases the incidence of adverse prognostic events and mortality in CVD. Osteogenic transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and induction of inflammation could be among the mechanisms of VC. Interleukin 37 (IL-37) is an anti-inflammatory factor that protects against atherosclerosis (AS) and VC by unknown mechanisms. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of IL-37 on calcification in human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs).
[Methods] The human aortic smooth muscle cells (HA-SMC) were purchased from CTCC (Meisen, China), Alizarin red S staining was used to measure the degree of cell calcification, flow cytometry measured the level of apoptosis, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) measured the cell proliferation activity, and qPCR was used to measure the expression of toll-like receptor(TLR4),nuclear factor kappa-B( NF-κB), Runt-related Transcription Factor 2(RUNX2), Smooth muscle actin(SMA), smooth muscle 22 alpha (SM22α), Msh homeobox 2(MSX2)、Osteocalcin(OC) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Western blot measured the level of TLR4, NF-κB, RUNX2, and phosphorylated NF-κB(PP65), and immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression and location of SM22α.Differences were analyzed via Student’s t test or one-way analysis of variance
[Results] Ox-LDL induction caused HA-SMC calcification and promoted HA-SMC apoptosis and value addition. After IL-37 intervention, calcification was significantly reduced, TLR4/NF-κB/RUNX2 expression activated by ox-LDL was decreased, and cell proliferation activity was inhibited, apoptosis rate was decreased, and PP65 expression was downregulated. IL-37 inhibited P65phosphorylation by inhibiting TLR. Down-regulation of osteogenesis-related factor expression plays a protective role against cellular calcification.
[Conclusion] The current data demonstrated that IL-37 inhibits NF-κB phosphorylation by downregulating the ox-LDL-activated TLR4-NF-κ Bsignaling pathway, reduces the expression of the osteogenic transcription factor RUNX2/ALP, and inhibits VSMC osteogenic transformation, thereby reducing the level of cellular calcification. These findings provided a basis for the use of IL-37 as a novel therapeutic target.
Comparison of Postoperative Hypersensitivity between Total Etch and Universal Adhesive System: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Javed Kiran , Noor Nouman , Nasir Muhammad , Manzoor Manzoor 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Total-etch is multistep but cheaper as compared to a single-step but expensive Universal adhesive. Manufacturers claim that the latest Universal adhesive causes less POH is merely clinically verified. Aim: To determine the mean post-operative hypersensitivity of three-step Total-etch as compared to one-step Universal adhesive on two teeth of the same patient by a qualified dentist. Material and Methodology: Composite restorations were performed on two different teeth of the same patient by applying Total-etch on one and Universal adhesive on another tooth, randomly of 100 patients. Post-operative hypersensitivity (POH) was recorded by visual analog scale before, immediately after, and 24 hours after restoration by using a cold stimulus. An Independent sample T-test was applied. Result: No significant difference was found between the POH of the two bonds before (p-value = 0.7), immediately after (p-value = 0.87), and 24 hours after (p-value = 0.67) the restoration. Discussion: Dentists want POH-free restoration. Claims without verification confuse dentists while selecting adhesives. Conclusion: No significant difference in POH was found when good sample size and proper technique were observed along with the removal of bias like different patients having different pain perceptions and multiple operators having different operating skills. Thus, dentists can choose any bond with convenience.
Detection and classification of liver cancers using computed tomography images
Authors: (M.S.c.) Girma Biniam Solomon , Abebe Argaw Getachew , Teferi Dille Seife 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this research was to develop an appropriate algorithm-routine that can automatically detect and classify liver cancers from the digital images of CT sample based on the texture and morphological features.
Method
The digital image processing (DIP) provides techniques first for liver image segmentation using semi-automatic technique from the enhanced abdominal CT images and classification using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) through texture features, then the liver tumor automatically extracted from the liver image using Otsu method which is a histogram based thresholding and the classification using ANN through morphological features.
Result
The samples were collected from a number of thirty six diagnosed patients in the procedure of abdominal CT images, at axial view in Black Lion Hospital from DICOM store in Addis Ababa. These images were selected to be processed and analyzed to get best generated result of the predefined classification model based on the extracted features. First nine texture features differentiate 12 normal and 24 abnormal liver images out of the given sample’s containing 36 images then tumor images extracted from the 24 abnormal images, the ANN classifier using six morphological features classified the 24 abnormal liver images as benign and malignant. It’s result presented by confusion matrix and showed that the maximum accuracy rate for tumor classification was 95.8%. The performance can be increased more by increasing the number of samples.
Conclusions
The outcome of this research work help radiologists to follow the condition of diseases at early stages and classify tumor as benign and malignant. It also helps in decreasing the rate of presence of disease by detecting cancer in its earlier stages.
Prioritized experience replay in DDPG via multi-dimensional transition priorities calculation
Authors: Cheng Nuo , Wang Peng , Zhang Guangyuan , Ni Cui , Gong Hui 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The path planning algorithm of intelligent robot based on DDPG uses uniform random experience replay mechanism, cannot distinguish the importance of experience samples to the algorithm training process, and has some problems, such as unreasonable sampling of experience transitions and excessive use of edge experience, which lead to slow convergence speed and low success rate of path planning. In this paper, The priorities of experience transition based on the immediate reward, temporal-difference (TD) error and the loss function of Actor network are calculated respectively, and the information entropy is used as the weight to fuse the three priorities as the final priority. Furthermore, in order to effectively use the positive experience transitions and ensure the diversity of experience transitions, a method of increasing and decreasing the priority of positive experience transition is proposed. Finally, the sampling probability is calculated according to the priority of experience transition. The experimental results show that our proposed prioritized experience replay can not only improve the utilization rate of experience transitions and accelerate the convergence speed of DDPG, but also effectively improve the success rate of path planning, so as to provide a better guarantee for the robot to safely reach the target point.
Identification and Validation of Lipid-related Genes in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Liu Zheng-Yu , Liu Fen , zheng Peng-Fei , Cao Yan , Pan Hong-Wei , Peng Shao-Liang , Hong Xiu-Qin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Lipid metabolism plays an essential role in the genesis and progress of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Herein, we identified and verified latent lipid-related genes involved in AMI by bioinformatic analysis. Lipid-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in AMI were identified using the GSE66360 dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and R software packages. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were conducted to analyze lipid-related DEGs. Lipid-related genes were identified by two machine learning techniques: least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and support vector machine recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to descript diagnostic accuracy. Furthermore, blood samples were collected from AMI patients and healthy individuals, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to determine the RNA levels of lipid-related DEGs. Fifty lipid-related DEGs were identified, 28 upregulated and 22 downregulated. Several enrichment terms related to lipid metabolism were found by GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. After LASSO regression and SVM-RFE screening, four genes (ACSL1, CH25H, GPCPD1, and PLA2G12A) were identified as potential diagnostic biomarkers for AMI. Moreover, the RT-qPCR analysis indicated that the expression levels of these four lipid-related genes in AMI patients (n = 50) and healthy individuals (n = 50) were consistent with bioinformatics analysis results. There were 4 key lipid-related genes were identified associated with AMI using machine learning. The validation of clinical samples suggested that ACSL1, CH25H, GPCPD1, and PLA2G12A are expected to be diagnostic markers for AMI and provide new targets for lipid therapy of AMI.
EPMA quantification on the chemical composition of retained austenite in a Fe-Mn-Si-C-based multi-phase steel
Authors: Heo Yoon-Uk , Jeong Chang-Gon , Kim Soo-Hyun , Yoon Gun-Young , Trang T. T. T. , Woo Youngyun , Yoon Eun Yoo , Lee Young-Seon 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
An electron probe X-ray microanalyzer (EPMA) is an essential tool for studying chemical composition distribution in the microstructure. Quantifying chemical composition using standard specimens is commonly used to determine the composition of individual phases. However, the local difference in chemical composition in the standard specimens brings the deviation of the quantified composition from the actual one. This study introduces how to overcome the error of quantification in EPMA in the practical aspect. The obtained results are applied to evaluate the chemical composition of retained austenite in multi-phase steel. Film-type austenite shows higher carbon content than blocky-type one. The measured carbon contents of the retained austenite show good coherency with the calculated value from the X-ray diffraction.
The characteristics of serum lipid spectrum in PanNENs and its correlation with clinicopathological features and prognosis
Authors: Zhan Han-xiang , Meng Yu-Fan , Fan Zhi-Yao , Yang Jian , Li Yong-Zheng , Liu Shu-Jie , Gao Chang-Hao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background： The role of dyslipidemia in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNENs) is unclear. The aim of this study is to analyze the characteristics of serum lipid spectrum in PanNENs, and the effect of the variation in lipid profile on the development of PanNENs clinicopathological features and prognosis.
Methods All PanNENs patients between November 2012 and September 2020 in the authors' research center were identified from patient medical records and database. Clinicopathologic features, serum lipid level and overall survival results were retrospectively analyzed using statistical methods.
Results： This retrospective cohort study displays that insulinoma patients exhibits increased serum HDL level compared to non-functional PanNENs (OR:2.522; 95% CI:1.096-5.803; P = 0.030). High levels HDL were negatively correlated with tumor diameter (OR 0.233; 95% CI: 0.069-0.790; P=0.019). However, there was no significant difference between PanNENs patients with hyperlipidemia and normal blood lipid level in tumor location, tumor diameter, pathological grade, and clinical stage. In the univariate and multivariate analyses, there is also no significant correlation between hyperlipidemia and overall survival.
Conclusions： HDL was negatively correlated with the tumor size of PanNENs. Although the serum HDL level of insulinoma patients is higher than nonfunctional PanNENs, dyslipidemia may not be an independent predictor of survival outcome.
Psychological barriers to the use of opioid analgesics for treating pain in patients with advanced recurrent cancer (BAROC): a multicenter cohort study
Authors: Tsuno Takehiko , Kawaguchi Takashi , Yanaizumi Ryota , Kondo Junichi , Kojima Keiko , Igarashi Takashi , Inoue Masaki , Miura Tomofumi , Miyasato Akime , Azuma Kanako , Hamada Hiroshi , Saeki Tomoya , Mawatari Hironori , Ogura Hiroyuki , Kotani Akira , Yamaguchi Takuhiro , Hakamata Hideki 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
We aimed to gain insight into psychological barriers towards initiation of strong opioid analgesic use in patients with advanced, recurrent cancer.
Methods
This study included 46 patients who were prescribed with opioid analgesics for advanced, recurrent cancer. The primary outcome was psychological barriers assessed using the Japanese version of the Barriers Questionnaire-II (JBQ-II). The secondary outcomes were psychological changes and pain relief 1 week after the induction of strong opioid analgesics.
Results
The mean (S.D.) age of participants was 63.6 (11.1) years. Further, 26.1% had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of ≥ 3. The mean JBQ-Ⅱ total score was 1.97 (95% confidence interval: 1.75, 2.19). At the initiation of opioid therapy, there was no difference in the total scores between the baseline and 1 week later. Nevertheless, there was a significant difference in the subscale “disease progression” score (mean 2.97 vs 2.59, difference in means 0.38, standard error 0.16, p = 0.026). Personalized Pain Goal (PPG) was achieved in about half of the participants, and a trend toward a higher score in the subscale “harmful effects” (concern about adverse events) was observed in those who did not achieve PPG.
Conclusion
This study showed that patients with advanced, recurrent cancer have psychological barriers to opioid induction. The relationship between the presence of psychological barriers before and after induction of opioid analgesics and the speed of pain improvement was determined. The results may provide fundamental information for prospective intervention studies to develop individualized education programs for patients with psychological barriers to opioids.
Recovery Period of Air Transportation: Vector Error Correction Model
Authors: İnan Tüzün Tolga 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAir transportation has two significant modules named air passenger and freight. Air transport is the primary module of civil aviation and because of its nature, air transport has been simultaneously affected by Pandemics and crises. Gulf Crisis, 9/11, 2008–2009 Financial Crisis, SARS, and MERS Pandemics harm air transport, however, the influence of COVID-19 was more devastating than the other Pandemics and crises due to its global effect. This effect has continued a long period that still this effect exists now with a slight trend. The aim of this study is to analyse the selected variables that shows the past and future trend of air transportation related to operational and financial status. These variables are the primary ones that can define the countries' general status in air transport. The forecasting results are examined by 9-months forecasting with Vector Error Correction Model. It is forecasted that slightly decreasing trend will proceed in the following 9-months for passenger transportation due to fall and winter seasons. It is forecasted that slightly upward trend will proceed in the following 3-months and slightly decreased in the other 6-months for cargo transportation due to potential economic crisis in 2023. The originality of this paper is the first research related to analyse passenger and freight transportation together with the operational and financial parameters that defined in the sample of data and methodology sections.
Insurance Coverage of Dermabrasion and Chemical Peel Procedures: A Critical Analysis of 58 American Insurance Companies
Authors: Ha Michael , Finkelstein Emily R. , Wieland Mark , Qadri Aasheen , Brown Madeline , Ejimogu Jason , Rasko Yvonne M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Dermabrasion and chemical peels are infrequently utilized methods of treatment for medical grade conditions despite demonstrations of favorable outcomes. This may be due to the discrepancy of insurance coverage for these procedures.
Objective: To evaluate the frequency of insurance coverage for dermabrasion and chemical peel procedures in the treatment of acne, acne scarring, and non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC).
Methods and Materials: A cross-sectional analysis of 58 insurance companies by web-based search or phone interview determined the number of insurers with a publicly available policy on dermabrasion or chemical peels. For each policy, the coverage status and any corresponding criteria were extracted.
Results: Dermabrasion to treat basal cell carcinoma and actinic keratosis was discussed by 13 (16%) and 21 (36%) insurers respectively. Twenty of twenty-three companies (87%) with a chemical peel policy for premalignant lesions provided coverage. Of the 25 companies (43%) that discussed treatment of acne with chemical peels, 14 (56%) provided reimbursement and 11 (44%) denied coverage. Coverage of acne was denied significantly less for chemical peels than for dermabrasion (p<0.006).
Conclusion: Inconsistencies in both inclusion and coverage between insurance companies may create an artificial barrier to receiving care.
Pre-Service Teachers’ Evaluation of the Student Internship Program: Basis for Design Improvement
Authors: Lobo Joseph 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This descriptive-survey study aimed to evaluate the implementation of the institute at City College of Angeles. Obtained data for this study were solicited via judgment sampling from 84 pre-service teachers from the Bachelor of Physical Education and Bachelor of Performing Arts programs who had their internship last academic year 2021–2022. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, mean and standard deviation were used to describe the quality of the internship program based on institutional and company evaluation, program effectiveness, and thematic analysis for the comments and suggestions of students on the internship program offered. Based on the results, the internship program of the institute is very effective since it is responsive to the community's needs, and students develop skills needed for their careers. On the other hand, the deployment of students to various public schools emerged as the central theme based on the results. On a positive note, pre-service teachers highly appreciate the internship program. The results of this study are expected to improve the program design of the pre-service teachers of the institute. Regular review of the curriculum and offered courses matching the needs of the industry should be performed. Additionally, the recommendation on the possibility of forging linkages with other private schools and industries related to the program is a result of this study. Also, formulation and development of the institutional policies and guidelines of the program or deployment manual, which may serve as a reference for pre-service teachers, is highly suggested.
Estimation of height in a quilombola community in northeastern Brazil using anthropometric measurements of the hands
Authors: Aragão José Aderval , Sacramento Erick Mendonça do , Marcelo Israel Santos , Aragão Iapunira Catarina Sant’Anna , Aragão Felipe Matheus Sant’Anna , Reis Francisco Prado 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Estimating or predicting height, using fragments of the body or components of the human skeleton, for this purpose, originates from the idea of proportionality between the different parts of the body. The aim of this study is to estimate height from anthropometric measurements of the hands (length and width). The sample consisted of 300 individuals from a quilombola community in northeastern Brazil, 150 males and 150 females. All people from the quilombola community, enjoying good general health, were included, and those people who, presented deformities of the hand, spine and lower limbs were excluded.
Result
The correlation coefficients between height and hand length values were positive and moderate. As for females, the correlation between height and lengths of the right and left hands were respectively 0.574 (p < 0.0001) and 0.612 (p < 0.0001).
Conclusion
The measure that best correlated with height in the quilombola community in northeastern Brazil was hand length for both sexes, with the highest correlation for females.
Multi-Pollutant Water Quality Trading: An Approach for Groundwater Quality Management in Varamin Plain, Iran
Authors: Souri Mohammad Amin , Jamshidi Shervin , Moghaddam Hamid Kardan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Groundwater quality management is challenging due to the fate and transport of multiple pollutants in the porous media, extensive polluters, and late aquifer responses to pollution reduction practices. Water quality trading (WQT) is a regionally incentive-based strategy for self monitoring and groundwater quality improvement. This study evaluates the effectiveness of 12 waste load allocation (WLA) scenarios on groundwater nitrate and chloride abatement, simultaneously using MODFLOW and MT3D. The theoretical efficiencies of multi-pollutant WQT are also testified out of these WLA policies by considering environmental, economic and practical conditions. For these purposes, Varamin plain, south eastern Tehran, Iran was chosen as the study area where both point and non-point emission sources were considered in WQT. At first, an allowable groundwater quality limit (AQL) was set for pollutants regarding groundwater impairment and simulation outcomes. The AQL violations of WLAs were then calculated in addition to their marginal abatement costs and penalties. Here, nitrate abatement ranges between 3.3–15.3% while chloride abatement ranges between 4.5–23.6%. However, 5 WLA scenarios could pass the conditions of not violating any AQLs, and gaining remarkable benefits (> 25%) for all market attendants. Potential WQT strategies are finally prioritized regarding their viability and marginal costs. According to these conditions, trading discharge permits between WWTPs with 25% nitrate removal (sellers) and current farmers (buyers) is recommended as the optimal WQT alternative which imposes no penalties or land-use changes. Here, the overall benefits of sellers and buyers exceed 42% and 85%, respectively in comparison with not attending at any WLA scenario.