bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preconstructing Asymmetric Interface in Air Cathodes for High‐Performance Rechargeable Zn–Air Batteries
Authors: Liu Jia‐Ning , Zhao Chang‐Xin , Ren Ding , Wang Juan , Zhang Rui , Wang Shu‐Hao , Zhao Chuan , Li Bo‐Quan , Zhang Qiang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRechargeable zinc–air batteries afford great potential toward next‐generation sustainable energy storage. Nevertheless, the oxygen redox reactions at the air cathode are highly sluggish in kinetics to induce poor energy efficiency and limited cycling lifespan. Air cathodes with asymmetric configurations significantly promote the electrocatalytic efficiency of the loaded electrocatalysts, whereas rational synthetic methodology to effectively fabricate asymmetric air cathodes remains insufficient. Herein, a strategy of asymmetric interface preconstruction is proposed to fabricate asymmetric air cathodes for high‐performance rechargeable zinc–air batteries. Concretely, the asymmetric interface is preconstructed by introducing immiscible organic–water diphases within the air cathode, at which the electrocatalysts are in situ formed to achieve an asymmetric configuration. The as‐fabricated asymmetric air cathodes realize high working rates of 50 mA cm−2, long cycling stability of 3400 cycles at 10 mA cm−2, and over 100 cycles under harsh conditions of 25 mA cm−2 and 25 mAh cm−2. Moreover, the asymmetric interface preconstruction strategy is universal to many electrocatalytic systems and can be easily scaled up. This work provides an effective strategy toward advanced asymmetric air cathodes with high electrocatalytic efficiency and significantly promotes the performance of rechargeable zinc–air batteries.
An Ultrahigh‐Flux Nanoporous Graphene Membrane for Sustainable Seawater Desalination using Low‐Grade Heat
Authors: Lu Dongwei , Zhou Zongyao , Wang Zhihong , Ho Duc Tam , Sheng Guan , Chen Long , Zhao Yumeng , Li Xiang , Cao Li , Schwingenschlögl Udo , Ma Jun , Lai Zhiping 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMembrane distillation has attracted great attention in the development of sustainable desalination and zero‐discharge processes because of its possibility of recovering 100% water and the potential for integration with low‐grade heat, such as solar energy. However, the conventional membrane structures and materials afford limited flux thus obstructing its practical application. Here, ultrathin nanoporous graphene membranes are reported by selectively forming thin graphene layers on the top edges of a highly porous anodic alumina oxide support, which creates short and fast transport pathways for water vapor but not liquid. The process avoids the challenging pore‐generation and substrate‐transfer processes required to prepare regular graphene membranes. In the direct‐contact membrane distillation mode under a mild temperature pair of 65/25 °C, the nanoporous graphene membranes show an average water flux of 421.7 L m−2 h−1 with over 99.8% salt rejection, which is an order of magnitude higher than any reported polymeric membranes. The mechanism for high water flux is revealed by detailed characterizations and theoretical modeling. Outdoor field tests using water from the Red Sea heated under direct sunlight radiation show that the membranes have an average water flux of 86.3 L m−2 h−1 from 8 am to 8 pm, showing a great potential for real applications in seawater desalination.
Immobilized Supramolecular Systems as Efficient Synzymes for CO2 Activation and Conversion
Authors: Esteve Ferran , Escrig Adrian , Porcar Raul , Luis Santiago V. , Altava Belén , García‐Verdugo Eduardo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSupramolecular catalysis can provide distinct advantages for the catalytic conversion of CO2 into carbonates by cycloaddition to epoxides. For example, the absence of metals in the catalytic site, and the easy design for optimization. The incorporation of multiple functionalities in pseudopeptidic macrocycles with a pendant arm allows catalytic systems to be obtained where halide anions (nucleophilic activating agents for epoxides), hydrogen bond acceptor sites (activating agents for epoxides and stabilizing sites for anionic intermediates), and amine groups (Lewis basic sites for activating CO2) are in proximity. This allows a high activity in the cycloaddition of CO2 to styrene oxide under mild conditions (turnover number (TON) = 900, CO2 balloon, 100 °C, 5 h). The primary amino groups in the arm facilitate the immobilization of these macrocyclic structures in cross‐linked polymeric matrices containing ammonium halide fragments. Such multifunctional insoluble polymers afford excellent catalytic results with high TON and turnover frequency values and remarkable productivities (>10 gprod gresin−1 h−1). This activity is maintained for a variety of epoxides and is retained after several catalytic runs. Their performance is significantly higher than those reported for most heterogenous supramolecular catalytic systems for CO2 transformation into carbonates.
FIONA1‐Mediated m6A Modification Regulates the Floral Transition in Arabidopsis
Authors: Xu Tao , Wu Xiaowei , Wong Chui Eng , Fan Sheng , Zhang Yu , Zhang Songyao , Liang Zhe , Yu Hao , Shen Lisha 
Published: January 2022

AbstractN6‐methyladenosine (m6A) mRNA modification represents the most widespread form of internal modifications in eukaryotic mRNAs. In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, those known methyltransferases mainly deposit m6A at their target transcripts near the stop codon or in the 3′ untranslated region. Here, it is reported that FIONA1 (FIO1), a human METTL16 ortholog, acts as a hitherto unknown m6A methyltransferase that determines m6A modifications at over 2000 Arabidopsis transcripts predominantly in the coding region. Mutants of FIO1 show a decrease in global m6A mRNA methylation levels and an early‐flowering phenotype. Nanopore direct RNA sequencing reveals that FIO1 is required for establishing appropriate levels of m6A preferentially in the coding sequences of a subset of protein‐coding transcripts, which is associated with changes in transcript abundance and alternative polyadenylation. It is further demonstrated that FIO1‐mediated m6A methylation determines the mRNA abundance of a central flowering integrator SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1) and its upstream regulators, thus preventing premature flowering. The findings reveal that FIO1 acts as a unique m6A methyltransferase that mainly modifies the coding regions of transcripts, which underlies the key developmental transition from vegetative to reproductive growth in plants.
Anion‐Selective Layered Double Hydroxide Composites‐Based Osmotic Energy Conversion for Real‐Time Nutrient Solution Detection
Authors: Liu Yaqian , Ping Jianfeng , Ying Yibin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNanofluidic channels based on 2D nanomaterials are promising to harvest osmotic energy for their high ion selectivity and osmotic conductivity. However, anion‐selective nanofluidic channels are rare and chemical modification is necessary through fabrication. Here, a naturally anion‐selective composite membrane is reported, that is, NiAl‐Layered double hydroxide (LDH) coated anodic aluminum oxide (LDH@AAO), using a simple precipitant‐free in situ growth technique. Positively charged LDH plates growing in channels of AAO function as screening layers for anions. Both experiments and theoretical simulations are enforced to certify the vital role of LDH growth in ion distribution and salinity gradient energy conversion. The composite membrane achieves high output performance and long‐term stability. Furthermore, novel applications of nanofluidic channels are explored in hydroponic production and design a real‐time detecting system based on LDH@AAO composite membranes for nutrient solution. This work provides insights into naturally anion‐selective nanofluidic channels for osmotic energy harvesting and broadens the application in agricultural information sensing.
How to Build a Microplastics‐Free Environment: Strategies for Microplastics Degradation and Plastics Recycling
Authors: Chen Junliang , Wu Jing , Sherrell Peter C. , Chen Jun , Wang Huaping , Zhang Wei‐xian , Yang Jianping 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMicroplastics are an emergent yet critical issue for the environment because of high degradation resistance and bioaccumulation. Unfortunately, the current technologies to remove, recycle, or degrade microplastics are insufficient for complete elimination. In addition, the fragmentation and degradation of mismanaged plastic wastes in environment have recently been identified as a significant source of microplastics. Thus, the developments of effective microplastics removal methods, as well as, plastics recycling strategies are crucial to build a microplastics‐free environment. Herein, this review comprehensively summarizes the current technologies for eliminating microplastics from the environment and highlights two key aspects to achieve this goal: 1) Catalytic degradation of microplastics into environmentally friendly organics (carbon dioxide and water); 2) catalytic recycling and upcycling plastic wastes into monomers, fuels, and valorized chemicals. The mechanisms, catalysts, feasibility, and challenges of these methods are also discussed. Novel catalytic methods such as, photocatalysis, advanced oxidation process, and biotechnology are promising and eco‐friendly candidates to transform microplastics and plastic wastes into environmentally benign and valuable products. In the future, more effort is encouraged to develop eco‐friendly methods for the catalytic conversion of plastics into valuable products with high efficiency, high product selectivity, and low cost under mild conditions.
Stabilizing Enzymes in Plasmonic Silk Film for Synergistic Therapy of In Situ SERS Identified Bacteria
Authors: Liu Zhangkun , Li Shengkai , Yin Zhiwei , Zhu Zhaotian , Chen Long , Tan Weihong , Chen Zhuo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIncreasing antibiotic resistance becomes a serious threat to public health. Photothermal therapy (PTT) and antibacterial enzyme‐based therapy are promising nonresistant strategies for efficiently killing drug‐resistant bacteria. However, the poor thermostability of enzymes in PTT hinders their synergistic therapy. Herein, antibacterial glucose oxidase (GOx) is embedded in a Ag graphitic nanocapsule (Ag@G) arrayed silk film to fabricate a GOx‐synergistic PTT system (named silk‐GOx‐Ag@G, SGA). The SGA system can stabilize GOx by a vitrification process through the restriction of hydrogen bond and rigid β‐sheet, and keep the antibacterial activity in the hyperthermal PTT environment. Moreover, the arrayed Ag@G possesses excellent chemical stability due to the protection of graphitic shell, providing stable plasmonic effect for integrating PTT and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) analysis even in the GOx‐produced H2O2 environment. With in situ SERS identification of bacterial intrinsic signals in the mouse wound model, such SGA realizes superior synergistic antibacterial effect on the infected Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus in vivo, while without causing significant biotoxicity. This system provides a therapeutic method with low resistance and in situ diagnosis capability for efficiently eliminating bacteria.
Electronic and Photoelectronic Memristors Based on 2D Materials
Authors: Tang Kai , Wang Yang , Gong Chuanhui , Yin Chujun , Zhang Miao , Wang Xianfu , Xiong Jie 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNext‐generation memristive devices and neuromorphic computing have many fantastic properties in breaking down the memory walls of conventional von Neumann structures. Electronic and photoelectronic memristors are the most important basic components, equipping with the capability of data storage and information processing for electronic and photoelectronic signals. 2D layered materials exhibit many unique physical advantages such as novel mechanisms, ultrathin channel, high mechanical flexibility, and easy electrical control, and thus demonstrate great potential for memory with high density, fast speed, and low power consumption. In recent years, abundant and fruitful designs have been devoted in terms of 2D memristors. Herein, the recent advances of 2D electronic and photoelectronic memristors are reviewed, as well as the application on simulating artificial brain neural network and visual neural network, respectively. An overview of the challenges and perspectives on the exploitation of 2D materials for memristors is given, and routes to realize practical brain and visual neural network are proposed.
Operando Monitoring and Deciphering the Structural Evolution in Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysis
Authors: Zuo Shouwei , Wu Zhi‐Peng , Zhang Huabin , Lou Xiong Wen (David) 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe oxygen evolution reaction (OER) acts as the bottleneck of some crucial energy conversion and storage technologies involving water electrolysis, CO2 electrolysis, and metal‐air batteries, among others. The challenging sluggish reaction kinetics of the OER can be overcome via developing highly efficient electrocatalysts, which experience a dynamic structural evolution process during the reaction. However, the reaction mechanism of the structural transformation of electrocatalysts during the OER and the structure‐activity correlation in understanding the real active sites remain elusive. Fortunately, operando characterizations offer a platform to study the structural evolution processes and the reaction mechanisms of OER electrocatalysts. In this review, using several in situ/operando techniques some recent advances are elaborated with emphases on tracking the structural evolution processes of electrocatalysts, recording the reaction intermediates during electrocatalysis, and building a link between the structure and activity/stability of electrocatalysts. Moreover, theoretical considerations are also discussed to assist operando characterization understanding. Finally, some perspectives are provided which are expected to be helpful to tackle the current challenges in operando monitoring and unraveling the reaction mechanisms of OER electrocatalysts.
Vapor linker exchange of partially amorphous metal–organic framework membranes for ultra‐selective gas separation
Authors: Su Pengcheng , Tang Huiyu , Jia Miaomiao , Lin Yanshan , Li Wanbin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMetal–organic framework (MOF) membranes are promising for efficient separation applications. However, the uncontrollable pathways at atomic level impede the further development of these membranes for molecular separation. Herein we show that vapor linker exchange can induce partial amorphization of MOF membranes and then reduce their transport pathways for precisely molecular sieving. Through exchanging MOF linkers by incoming ones with similar topology but higher acidity, the resulted metal‐linker bonds with lower strength cause the transformation of MOF membranes from order to disorder/amorphous. The linker exchange and partial amorphization can narrow intrinsic apertures and conglutinate grain boundary/crack defects of membranes. Because of the formation of ultra‐microporous amorphous phase, the MOF composite membrane shows competitive H2/CO2 selectivity up to 2400, which is about two orders of magnitude higher than that of conventional MOF membranes, accompanied by high H2 permeance of 13.4 × 10−8 mol m−2 s−1 Pa−1 and good reproducibility and stability.
Restrictive diffusion and hydrodesulfurization reaction of dibenzothiophenes over NiMo/SBA‐15 catalysts
Authors: Wang Bo , Chen Zhentao , Jiang Tao , Yu Jiahuan , Yang Haoxuan , Duan Aijun , Xu Chunming 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMacromolecular organosulfur compounds encountered resistance when diffusing in catalyst pore channels during the hydrotreating process. Quantitative insights into the effects of the catalyst pore size and the reactant molecule size on the diffusivities can guide the optimization of the catalyst structures. Herein, a heavy oil macromolecular dibenzothiophene compound, 2,8‐di‐(4‐pentyl phenyl)dibenzothiophene (2,8‐DPPDBT), was synthesized. Three NiMo‐supported SBA‐15 based catalysts with different pore sizes, but similar active phase dispersions were controllably fabricated. The reaction network of 2,8‐DPPDBT HDS was proposed. The diffusion behaviors of 2,8‐DPPDBT, along with 2,8‐dimethyl dibenzothiophene (2,8‐DMDBT) and dibenzothiophene (DBT) in three SBA‐15 pore channels, were systematically investigated through the reaction kinetic method. A restrictive factor, F(λ), was correlated by F(λ) = (1 − λ)8.5 to determine the relationship between the effective diffusivity and the ratio of the molecule‐to‐pore size (λ). This empirical correlation provided sound theoretical guidance on the design of highly efficient heavy oil hydrodesulfurization catalysts.
Microfluidics‐Assisted Engineering of pH/Enzyme Dual‐Activatable ZIF@Polymer Nanosystem for Co‐Delivery of Proteins and Chemotherapeutics with Enhanced Deep‐Tumor Penetration
Authors: Shen Jie , Ma Ming , Shafiq Muhammad , Yu Huizhu , Lan Zhengyi , Chen Hangrong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe impermeable barriers of solid tumors restrict the co‐delivery of protein‐based drugs and chemotherapeutics for cancer treatment. Therefore, we developed a ZIF‐DOX/RA@DG nanosystem that encapsulates ribonuclease A (RA) and doxorubicin (DOX) in a zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF‐8) core, with a dextran‐based coating (DG). The nanosystem exhibits dual‐responsiveness due to γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase‐activatable cationization and acidic microenvironment‐triggered degradation. The DG‐coating process was achieved using a microfluidic approach, which stabilized the polymer responsiveness, ZIF‐8‐based structure, and bioactivity of the encapsulated therapeutics. In vivo results confirmed that the nanosystem could co‐deliver RA and DOX to deep impermeable lesions with a synergistic anticancer therapeutic effects. Such a multi‐drug delivery system based on an intelligent‐responsive design and a microfluidics‐assisted synthesis strategy shows great clinical prospects.
Rational Design of ZnMn2O4 Quantum Dots in a Carbon Framework for Durable Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Deng Shenzhen , Tie Zhiwei , Yue Fang , Cao Hongmei , Yao Minjie , Niu Zhiqiang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractManganese oxides are promising cathode materials for aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) due to their high energy density and low cost. However, in their discharging processes, the Jahn–Teller effect and Mn3+ disproportionation often lead to irreversible structural transformation and Mn2+ dissolution, deteriorating the cycling stability of ZIBs. Herein, ZnMn2O4 quantum dots (ZMO QDs) were introduced into a porous carbon framework by in‐situ electrochemically inducing Mn‐MIL‐100‐derived Mn3O4 quantum dots and the carbon composite. In such ZMO QDs and carbon composite, the quantum dot structure endows ZnMn2O4 with a shorter ion diffusion route and more active sites for Zn2+. The conductive carbon framework is beneficial to the fast transport of electrons. Furthermore, at the interface between the ZMO QDs and the carbon matrix, the Mn−O−C bonds are formed. They can effectively suppress the Jahn–Teller effect and manganese dissolution of discharge products. Therefore, Zn/ZMO QD@C batteries display remarkably enhanced electrochemical performance.
Systematic Interrogation of Cellular Signaling in Live Cells Using a Membrane‐Anchored DNA Multitasking Processor
Authors: Chen Shan , Xu Zhifei , Li Shiwei , Liang Hong , Zhang Chen , Wang Zonghua , Li Jingying , Li Juan , Yang Huanghao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSystematic interrogation of correlative signaling components in their native environment is of great interest for dissecting sophisticated cellular signaling. However, it remains a challenge because of the lack of versatile and effective approaches. Herein, we propose a cell membrane‐anchored DNA multitasking processor acting as a “traffic light” for integrated analyses of cellular signal transduction. Enhanced and controllable inhibition of c‐Met signaling was achieved by membrane‐anchoring of DNA processors. Moreover, the multitasking capability of the DNA processor allowed the monitoring of correlative VEGF secretion induced by c‐Met activity regulation directly. By exploiting versatile aptameric nucleic acids, this modular designed DNA multitasking processor dissected how cell surface receptors coordinated with related components in live cells systematically. Therefore, it provides a powerful chemical tool for both fundamental cell biology research and precision medicine applications.
Colonization, cadavers, and color: Considering decolonization of anatomy curricula
Authors: Finn Gabrielle M. , Danquah Adam , Matthan Joanna 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAnatomy is a discipline that, despite its universal nature, offers limited diversity in terms of representation in cadavers, imagery, technology, and models used within teaching. The universal move toward inclusive curricula has put anatomy education under the microscope, particularly with respect to efforts to decolonize curricula. This paper considers the challenges and opportunities to diversify the anatomy curriculum. Decolonizing anatomy education curricula will entail addressing the ingrained cultures within the disciplines, such that produces a number of challenges including: underrepresentation of certain bodies, difficulty talking about difference, and the hidden curriculum in anatomy education. In order to aid educators in achieving inclusive anatomy curricula, a toolkit and considerations are presented, alongside both do's, don'ts and case examples. We highlight the black‐or‐white dichotomy, and the absence of brown in between. The paper is a conversation starter for what it means to begin the process of decolonizing the curriculum within anatomy education.
Development of an extended proportional–integral–proportional control for improving positional motion performance of permanent magnet synchronous motor‐driven servomechanism
Authors: Yeh Syh‐Shiuh , Chang Yu‐Chia 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTo achieve high‐speed and high‐accuracy positional motions in a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM)‐driven servomechanism, this study developed an extended proportional–integral–proportional (PIP) control, particularly by considering the limitations of the hardware structure of commercialized PMSM drivers. PIP feedback and feedforward controls were developed, such that the existing PIP feedback control, which is extensively used in commercialized PMSM drivers, can perform dynamic and friction torque compensations in PMSMs. Thereafter, an extended PIP control with the newly added design degrees of freedom was developed based on the PIP feedback and feedforward control structures, thereby further improving the position response of the PMSM‐driven servomechanism and positional motion performance of advanced motion control systems. Position control experiments were performed on a commercialized PMSM pack installed on the rotary table of a five‐axis computer numerical control (CNC) machining center. Results indicate that the extended PIP control can significantly reduce position errors, which can be minimally influenced by the change in frequency of the position command. Furthermore, circular motion experiments were performed along the motion axes of the five‐axis CNC machining center. Results indicate that the extended PIP control with dynamic matching design can significantly reduce the root‐mean‐square value of contouring errors and roundness error value. Experimental results validate the feasibility of the extended PIP control for improving the positional motion performance of the PMSM‐driven servomechanism.