bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and analysis of UWB antenna with quintuple band-notched and wide-band rejection characteristics
Authors: Yang Hailong , Zhang Jinsheng , Li Xuping , Li Yapeng , Yang Junhua , Shi Xiaomin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this study, a compact ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with quintuple band-notched and wide-band rejection characteristics is studied. The proposed antenna mainly consists of a rectangular radiating patch, a microstrip feeding line, and a modified rectangular ground plane. The quintuple band-notched functions with narrow stop bands are achieved at WiMAX (3.3–3.7 GHz), WLAN (5.15–5.35 GHz and 5.725–5.825 GHz), C-band IEEE INSAT/super-extended (6.7–7.1 GHz) by using three modified inverted U-shaped slots and two symmetrical rectangular slots on the radiating path. Each stop band formed in the UWB antenna can be adjusted independently, and deep reflection zeros are formed between the adjacent stop bands. The formation of reflection zeros improves the band-edge selectivity of the stop band, and the notch characteristics are more prominent. To further study the wide stop band (C-band and X-band) with good selectivity characteristics, a pair of L-shaped open slot is added to the edges of two rectangular slots. Additionally, a pair of modified Rho-shaped resonators is located near the feeding line to realize band-notched characteristic at ITU service bands (8.025–8.4 GHz), thus a quintuple band-notched UWB antenna is achieved. The shape factor (ratio of the −3 dB bandwidth to the −10 dB bandwidth) of the wide stop band is 0.56, which indicates that the antenna has excellent band-edge selectivity. To verify the performance of the proposed design, both the time-domain and the frequency-domain characteristics of the antenna have been studied and analyzed. The simulated and measured results verify the design as a good candidate for various portable UWB applications.
The Impact of Springtime‐Transported Air Pollutants on Local Air Quality With Satellite‐Constrained NOx Emission Adjustments Over East Asia
Authors: Jung Jia , Choi Yunsoo , Souri Amir H. , Mousavinezhad Seyedali , Sayeed Alqamah , Lee Kyunghwa 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTo quantify the impact of transported air pollutants on local air quality, this study applies an inverse modeling technique with tropospheric nitrogen dioxide column retrievals from TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument, and the CMAQ‐ISAM model, which computes source attribution over six regions of interest in spring 2019 over East Asia. Satellite‐constrained nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions successfully improve model performance by significantly reducing the normalized mean bias of concentrations of NOx, Ozone (O3), and PM2.5 from most regions in China and South Korea. Anticyclones over the Yellow Sea transport air pollutants and increase the contribution of emissions from adjacent regions to local air quality. Fluxes of air pollutants with posterior emissions showed notable enhancements in their magnitude by 3%–24% for NOy, O3, and PM2.5. The contributions of emissions from neighboring regions on local NOx and O3 budgets in the planetary boundary layer were 22.96%–35.24% and 24.23%–42.26%. The contribution of emissions from North Korea was notable despite its comparably lower emission rates. Regarding the impact of external influences on local air quality, the enhanced chemical loss of NOx compensated for increases by transport. Also, the increased vertical gradient of maximum daily 8‐hr average O3 amplified vertical transport and dry deposition processes in the opposite direction along with slight changes in the chemical net O3 production rate. This study shows the nonlinear response of local air quality to changes in the transport of air pollutants, which could be further investigated concerning changes in emissions and climatological factors that would modify the inflow of air pollutants.
Mitochondrial Fus1/Tusc2 and cellular Ca2+ homeostasis: tumor suppressor, anti-inflammatory and anti-aging implications
Authors: Uzhachenko Roman , Shimamoto Akiko , Chirwa Sanika S. , Ivanov Sergey V. , Ivanova Alla V. , Shanker Anil 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFUS1/TUSC2(FUSion1/TUmorSuppressorCandidate2) is a tumor suppressor gene (TSG) originally described as a member of the TSG cluster from human 3p21.3 chromosomal region frequently deleted in lung cancer. Its role as a TSG in lung, breast, bone, and other cancers was demonstrated by several groups, but molecular mechanisms of its activities are starting to unveil lately. They suggest that Fus1-dependent mechanisms are relevant in etiologies of diseases beyond cancer, such as chronic inflammation, bacterial and viral infections, premature aging, and geriatric diseases. Here, we revisit the discovery ofFUS1gene in the context of tumor initiation and progression, and review 20 years of research into FUS1 functions and its molecular, structural, and biological aspects that have led to its use in clinical trials and gene therapy. We present a data-driven view on how interactions of Fus1 with the mitochondrial Ca2+(mitoCa2+) transport machinery maintain cellular Ca2+homeostasis and control cell apoptosis and senescence. This Fus1-mediated cellular homeostasis is at the crux of tumor suppressor, anti-inflammatory and anti-aging activities.
CircNEIL3 mediates pyroptosis to influence lung adenocarcinoma radiotherapy by upregulating PIF1 through miR-1184 inhibition
Authors: Zhang Ting , Wu Dong-Ming , Luo Peng-Wei , Liu Teng , Han Rong , Deng Shi-Hua , He Miao , Zhao Yang-Yang , Xu Ying 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCircular RNAs (circRNAs) belong to an abundant category of non-coding RNAs that are stable and specific, and thus have great potential in cancer treatment. However, little is known about the role of circRNAs during radiotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Here, we established the expression profiles of 1,875 dysregulated circRNAs in non-irradiated and irradiated A549 cells and identified circNEIL3 as a significantly downregulated circRNA in A549 cells treated with 0, 2, or 4 Gy of radiation, respectively. Functional assays demonstrated that circNEIL3 knockdown promoted radiation-induced cell pyroptosis, whereas circNEIL3 overexpression had the opposite effects. Importantly, the effects of circNEIL3 overexpression on inhibiting pyroptosis were reversed by PIF1 knockdown. Mechanistically, circNEIL3-mediated pyroptosis was achieved through directly binding to miR-1184 as a sponge, thereby releasing the inhibition of miR-1184 on PIF1, which ultimately induces DNA damage and triggers AIM2 inflammasome activation. In vivo, circNEIL3 knockdown significantly enhanced the efficacy of radiotherapy as evidenced by decreases in tumor volume and weight. Collectively, the circNEIL3/miR-1184/PIF1 axis that mediate pyroptosis induction may be a novel, promising therapeutic strategy for the clinical treatment of lung cancer.
LncRNA SND1-IT1 facilitates TGF-β1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via miR-124/COL4A1 axis in gastric cancer
Authors: Hu Yang-Zhi , Hu Zhi-Li , Liao Tian-You , Li Yuan , Pan Yun-Long 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe transformation of tumor cells from an epithelial to a mesenchymal-like phenotype, designated as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), represents a key hallmark of human cancer metastasis, including gastric cancer (GC). However, a large set of non-coding RNAs have been studied for their functions that initiate or inhibit this phenotypic switch in GC cells by regulating oncogenes or tumor suppressors. In this paper, we aimed to identify lncRNA SND1-IT1, miR-124, and COL4A1 gene in the context of GC with a specific focus on their effects on transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)-induced EMT. The study included 52 paired samples of lesion tissues and adjacent lesion-free tissues surgically resected from patients diagnosed with GC. HGC-27 cells were stimulated with exogenous TGF-β1 (2 ng/mL). Expression of lncRNA SND1-IT1, miR-124, and COL4A1 was determined by RT-qPCR. CCK-8 assays, Transwell assays, immunoblotting analysis of EMT-specific markers, and tumor invasion markers were performed to evaluate cell viability, migration, and invasion of cultured HGC-27 cells. Luciferase activity assay was employed to examine miR-124 binding with lncRNA SND1-IT1 and COL4A1, respectively. LncRNA SND1-IT1 was upregulated in GC tissues and cells. TGF-β1-stimulated EMT and regulated lncRNA SND1-IT1, miR-124, and COL4A1 expressions in HGC-27 cells. LncRNA SND1-IT1 knockdown tempered HGC-27 cell viability, migration and invasion. LncRNA SND1-IT1 participated in TGF-β1-stimulated EMT in GC by sponging miR-124. MiR-124 attenuated TGF-β1-stimulated EMT in GC by targeting COL4A1. These results primarily demonstrated TGF-β1 can regulate cancer cell migration, invasion and stimulate EMT through the SND1-IT1/miR-124/COL4A1 axis in GC.
Disentangling the recognition complexity of a protein hub using a nanopore
Authors: Mayse Lauren Ashley , Imran Ali , Larimi Motahareh Ghahari , Cosgrove Michael S. , Wolfe Aaron James , Movileanu Liviu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWD40 repeat proteins are frequently involved in processing cell signaling and scaffolding large multi-subunit machineries. Despite their significance in physiological and disease-like conditions, their reversible interactions with other proteins remain modestly examined. Here, we show the development and validation of a protein nanopore for the detection and quantification of WD40 repeat protein 5 (WDR5), a chromatin-associated hub involved in epigenetic regulation of histone methylation. Our nanopore sensor is equipped with a 14-residue Win motif of mixed lineage leukemia 4 methyltransferase (MLL4Win), a WDR5 ligand. Our approach reveals a broad dynamic range of MLL4Win-WDR5 interactions and three distant subpopulations of binding events, representing three modes of protein recognition. The three binding events are confirmed as specific interactions using a weakly binding WDR5 derivative and various environmental contexts. These outcomes demonstrate the substantial sensitivity of our nanopore sensor, which can be utilized in protein analytics.
Inverse design of 3d molecular structures with conditional generative neural networks
Authors: Gebauer Niklas W. A. , Gastegger Michael , Hessmann Stefaan S. P. , Müller Klaus-Robert , Schütt Kristof T. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe rational design of molecules with desired properties is a long-standing challenge in chemistry. Generative neural networks have emerged as a powerful approach to sample novel molecules from a learned distribution. Here, we propose a conditional generative neural network for 3d molecular structures with specified chemical and structural properties. This approach is agnostic to chemical bonding and enables targeted sampling of novel molecules from conditional distributions, even in domains where reference calculations are sparse. We demonstrate the utility of our method for inverse design by generating molecules with specified motifs or composition, discovering particularly stable molecules, and jointly targeting multiple electronic properties beyond the training regime.
X-ray multiphoton-induced Coulomb explosion images complex single molecules
Authors: Boll Rebecca , Schäfer Julia M. , Richard Benoît , Fehre Kilian , Kastirke Gregor , Jurek Zoltan , Schöffler Markus S. , Abdullah Malik M. , Anders Nils , Baumann Thomas M. , Eckart Sebastian , Erk Benjamin , De Fanis Alberto , Dörner Reinhard , Grundmann Sven , Grychtol Patrik , Hartung Alexander , Hofmann Max , Ilchen Markus , Inhester Ludger , Janke Christian , Jin Rui , Kircher Max , Kubicek Katharina , Kunitski Maksim , Li Xiang , Mazza Tommaso , Meister Severin , Melzer Niklas , Montano Jacobo , Music Valerija , Nalin Giammarco , Ovcharenko Yevheniy , Passow Christopher , Pier Andreas , Rennhack Nils , Rist Jonas , Rivas Daniel E. , Rolles Daniel , Schlichting Ilme , Schmidt Lothar Ph. H. , Schmidt Philipp , Siebert Juliane , Strenger Nico , Trabert Daniel , Trinter Florian , Vela-Perez Isabel , Wagner Rene , Walter Peter , Weller Miriam , Ziolkowski Pawel , Son Sang-Kil , Rudenko Artem , Meyer Michael , Santra Robin , Jahnke Till 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFollowing structural dynamics in real time is a fundamental goal towards a better understanding of chemical reactions. Recording snapshots of individual molecules with ultrashort exposure times is a key ingredient towards this goal, as atoms move on femtosecond (10−15 s) timescales. For condensed-phase samples, ultrafast, atomically resolved structure determination has been demonstrated using X-ray and electron diffraction. Pioneering experiments have also started addressing gaseous samples. However, they face the problem of low target densities, low scattering cross sections and random spatial orientation of the molecules. Therefore, obtaining images of entire, isolated molecules capturing all constituents, including hydrogen atoms, remains challenging. Here we demonstrate that intense femtosecond pulses from an X-ray free-electron laser trigger rapid and complete Coulomb explosions of 2-iodopyridine and 2-iodopyrazine molecules. We obtain intriguingly clear momentum images depicting ten or eleven atoms, including all the hydrogens, and thus overcome a so-far impregnable barrier for complete Coulomb explosion imaging—its limitation on molecules consisting of three to five atoms. In combination with state-of-the-art multi-coincidence techniques and elaborate theoretical modelling, this allows tracing ultrafast hydrogen emission and obtaining information on the result of intramolecular electron rearrangement. Our work represents an important step towards imaging femtosecond chemistry via Coulomb explosion.
Sequence determinants of human gene regulatory elements
Authors: Sahu Biswajyoti , Hartonen Tuomo , Pihlajamaa Päivi , Wei Bei , Dave Kashyap , Zhu Fangjie , Kaasinen Eevi , Lidschreiber Katja , Lidschreiber Michael , Daub Carsten O. , Cramer Patrick , Kivioja Teemu , Taipale Jussi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDNA can determine where and when genes are expressed, but the full set of sequence determinants that control gene expression is unknown. Here, we measured the transcriptional activity of DNA sequences that represent an ~100 times larger sequence space than the human genome using massively parallel reporter assays (MPRAs). Machine learning models revealed that transcription factors (TFs) generally act in an additive manner with weak grammar and that most enhancers increase expression from a promoter by a mechanism that does not appear to involve specific TF–TF interactions. The enhancers themselves can be classified into three types: classical, closed chromatin and chromatin dependent. We also show that few TFs are strongly active in a cell, with most activities being similar between cell types. Individual TFs can have multiple gene regulatory activities, including chromatin opening and enhancing, promoting and determining transcription start site (TSS) activity, consistent with the view that the TF binding motif is the key atomic unit of gene expression.
Application of 3-dimensional printing guide template and pointed lotus-style regulator in percutaneous pedicle screw fixation for thoracolumbar fractures
Authors: Zhang Ming , Li Jiayi , Fang Tao , Yan Jing , Wu Lungang , Zhou Quan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study aims to analysis the efficacy of the 3D printing percutaneous guide template in combination with the pointed lotus-style regulator in percutaneous pedicle screw fixation. 60 thoracolumbar fractures patients receiving percutaneous pedicle screw fixation (PPSF) were enrolled and randomly divided into 3 groups. Patients in Group A received traditional PPSF, while patients in Group B received PPSF with flat end lotus-style regulator and patients in Group C received PPSF with pointed lotus-style regulator. The experimental results showed that the highest number of pedicle screw successfully inserted by the first time was in group C, while lowest in group A (P < 0.05). The total time of fluoroscopy and operation were lower in group C, and higher in group A (P < 0.05). VAS and ODI scores were all lower after surgery than before surgery in 3groups. VAS and ODI scores were lower in group B and C, compared with group A at day 1, 7 after surgery (P < 0.05). KA decreased significantly in 3 groups after surgery and no difference in KA change between 3 groups (P > 0.05). Taken together, Application of the 3D printing guide template in combination with pointed lotus-style regulator improved the accuracy of pedicle insertion.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04980131. Registered 18/07/2021.
Idiosyncratic selection of active touch for shape perception
Authors: Mizrachi Neomi , Nelinger Guy , Ahissar Ehud , Arieli Amos 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHand movements are essential for tactile perception of objects. However, the specific functions served by active touch strategies, and their dependence on physiological parameters, are unclear and understudied. Focusing on planar shape perception, we tracked at high resolution the hands of 11 participants during shape recognition task. Two dominant hand movement strategies were identified: contour following and scanning. Contour following movements were either tangential to the contour or oscillating perpendicular to it. Scanning movements crossed between distant parts of the shapes’ contour. Both strategies exhibited non-uniform coverage of the shapes’ contours. Idiosyncratic movement patterns were specific to the sensed object. In a second experiment, we have measured the participants’ spatial and temporal tactile thresholds. Significant portions of the variations in hand speed and in oscillation patterns could be explained by the idiosyncratic thresholds. Using data-driven simulations, we show how specific strategy choices may affect receptors activation. These results suggest that motion strategies of active touch adapt to both the sensed object and to the perceiver’s physiological parameters.
Belowground mechanism reveals climate change impacts on invasive clonal plant establishment
Authors: Bam Surendra , Ott Jacqueline P. , Butler Jack L. , Xu Lan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractClimate change and disturbance can alter invasion success of clonal plants by differentially affecting the clonal traits influencing their establishment as young plants. Clonal traits related to the vegetative reproduction of native Pascopyrum smithii and non-native Bromus inermis grass seedlings were evaluated under altered precipitation frequencies and a single grazing event. Pascopyrum smithii maintained similar vegetative reproduction under three simulated precipitation frequencies whereas B. inermis vegetative reproduction declined as precipitation became more intermittent. Vegetative reproduction of the non-native B. inermis was greater than the native P. smithii under all simulated precipitation frequencies except the most intermittent scenario. A single grazing event did not affect either species’ response to intra-annual precipitation variability but did slightly reduce their clonal growth and increase their bud dormancy. In young plants, clonal traits of the invasive grass favored its superior expansion and population growth compared to the native grass except under the most severe climate change scenario. Grassland restoration using native P. smithii seeds would be successful in most years due to its resilient clonal growth in a changing climate. Clonal infrastructure development in young plants is critical to clonal plant establishment and persistence in a changing climate and under disturbed conditions.
Propensity score analysis of psychological intimate partner violence and preterm birth
Authors: Martín-de-las-Heras Stella , Khan Khalid Saeed , Velasco Casilda , Caño Africa , Luna Juan de Dios , Rubio Leticia 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPsychological intimate partner violence (IPV), a global public health problem, affects mothers during pregnancy. We evaluated its relationship with preterm birth. We established a cohort of 779 consecutive mothers receiving antenatal care and giving birth in 15 public hospitals in Spain. Trained midwives collected IPV data using the Index of Spouse Abuse validated in the Spanish language. Preterm was defined as birth before 37 completed weeks of gestation. Gestational age was estimated by early ultrasound. With multivariate logistic regression we estimated the relative association of IPV with preterm birth as adjusted odds ratios (AOR), with 95% confidence intervals (CI). In propensity score analysis, using weighting by inverse probability of exposure to IPV, the whole sample was used for estimating the absolute difference in probability of preterm amongst offspring born to mothers with and without IPV. Socio-demographic and other pregnancy characteristics served as covariates in both analyses. Preterm occurred in 57 (7.3%) pregnancies. Psychological IPV, experienced by 151 (21%) mothers, was associated with preterm birth (11.9% vs 6.5%; AOR = 2.4; 95% CI = 1.1–5.0;p = 0.01). The absolute preterm difference in psychological IPV compared to normal was 0.08 (95% CI = 0.01–0.16;p = 0.04). The probability of preterm birth was 8% higher on average in women with psychological IPV during pregnancy. As our analysis controlled for selection bias, our findings give credence to a causal inference. Screening and management for psychological IPV during pregnancy is an important step in antenatal care to prevent preterm birth.
Knowledge transfer in fault diagnosis of rotary machines
Authors: Liu Guokai , Shen Weiming , Gao Liang , Kusiak Andrew 
Published: February 2022

AbstractData‐driven fault diagnosis has prevailed in machine condition monitoring in the past decades. However, traditional machine‐ and deep‐learning‐based fault diagnosis methods assumed that the source and target data share the same distribution and ignored knowledge transfer in dynamic working environments. In recent years, knowledge transfer approaches have been developed and have shown promising results in intelligent fault diagnosis and health management of rotary machines. This paper presents a comprehensive review of knowledge transfer approaches and their applications in fault diagnosis of rotary machines. A problem‐oriented taxonomy of knowledge transfer in fault diagnosis is proposed. The knowledge transfer paradigms, approaches, and applications are categorised and analysed. Future research challenges and directions are explored from data, modelling, and application perspectives.
Electricity allocation strategy for on‐site hydrogen refueling stations in the forward and spot markets
Authors: Wu Sirui , Lin Jin , Li Jiarong , Song Yonghua 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGreen hydrogen in fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) is a promising alternative in the transportation sector. However, high hydrogen costs hinder progress. An on‐site hydrogen refueling station (OHRS) can avoid hydrogen transportation and participate in the market to reduce costs. In the forward market, it can lock in inexpensive electricity in advance; meanwhile, lower prices can be attained in the spot market. However, due to the operational constraints of OHRS, allocating electricity between the forward and spot markets is a multi‐time scale optimization problem. This paper establishes electricity transaction models and a state equation of the OHRS. A two‐stage stochastic optimization model is then proposed to address the allocation problem. Actual market data are used in numerical studies. The results show that storage tanks and electrolysers capacity are critical to arbitrage. Moreover, participating in both the forward and spot markets can usually achieve the lowest levelized cost of hydrogen(LCOH).