bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CO2 capture enhancement by forming tetra‐n‐butyl ammonium bromide semiclathrate in graphite nanofluids
Authors: Ge Bin‐Bin , Yan Jin , Zhong Dong‐Liang , Lu Yi‐Yu , Li Xi‐Yue 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this work, CO2 capture was experimentally investigated by forming tetra‐n‐butyl ammonium bromide (TBAB) semiclathrate in a new system of TBAB + graphite nanofluids. The experiments were carried out at 3.5 MPa and 277.15 K. Compared to the TBAB solution and the TBAB + sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) solution, it was found that the system of TBAB + graphite nanofluids was preferable for CO2 capture, and 0.2 wt.% graphite nanoparticles (GNP) was an optimal concentration for the enhancement of hydrate growth in TBAB + graphite nanofluids. At this GNP concentration, CO2 consumption gained at 0.29 mol% TBAB is greater than that acquired at 0.62 and 2.57 mol% TBAB. CO2 consumption obtained in TBAB + graphite nanofluids is larger than other systems containing GNP. Moreover, the morphologies of TBAB + CO2 semiclathrate formed in TBAB solution, TBAB + SDS solution, and TBAB + graphite nanofluids were presented, and the mechanism of CO2 capture using TBAB semiclathrate formation in graphite nanofluids was presented. Therefore, it is an efficient way to capture CO2 by forming TBAB semiclathrate in graphite nanofluids.
Relativistic Coupled‐Cluster Calculations of Spectroscopic Properties of Copernicium and Flerovium Monoxides
Authors: Kotov Artem A. , Kozhedub Yury S. , Glazov Dmitry A. , Iliaš Miroslav , Pershina Valeria , Shabaev Vladimir M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCalculations of spectroscopic properties of the CnO and FlO molecules are performed using ab initio all‐electron 4c‐ and 2c‐relativistic coupled‐cluster approaches with single, double, and perturbative triple excitations. The corresponding calculation for HgO is also accomplished for comparison with the published data. The dependence of the results on the parameters of the basis set and approximations used is investigated in detail. The overall relative uncertainties of the recommended values on the level of 1–2 % are reached. The calculated spectroscopic constants are indicative of the following trend in the reactivity of the oxides HgO>FlO>CnO. This is confirmed by the trend in the adsorption energies, Eads, of these molecules on the surfaces of gold, quartz, and Teflon. The predicted rather low Eads values for the latter case should guarantee their delivery from the recoil chamber to the chemistry set up in gas‐phase experiments.
Quantum Dots, Passivation Layer and Cocatalysts for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Production
Authors: Kim Hwapyong , Choe Ayeong , Ha Seung Beom , Narejo Ghulam Mustafa , Koo Sung Wook , Han Ji Su , Chung Wookjin , Kim Jae‐Yup , Yang Jiwoong , In Su‐Il 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSolar‐driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen production is one potential pathway to establish a carbon‐neutral society. Nowadays, quantum dots (QDs)‐sensitized semiconductors have emerged as promising materials for PEC hydrogen production due to their tunable bandgap by size or morphology control, displaying excellent optical and electrical properties. Nevertheless, they still suffer from anodic corrosion during long‐term cycling, offering poor stability. This Review discussed advancements to improve long‐term stability of QDs particularly in terms of cocatalysts and passivation layers. The working principle of PEC cells was reviewed, along with all important configurations adopted over recent years. The equations to assess PEC performance were also described. A greater emphasized was placed on QDs and incorporation of cocatalysts or passivation layers that could enhance the PEC performance by influencing the charge transfer and surface recombination processes.
The influence of pups on aggressive interactions between smooth‐coated otters and water monitor lizards in Singapore
Authors: Bungum Haaken Zhong , Johns Philip 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSmooth‐coated otters (Lutrogale perspicillata) and Malayan water monitor lizards (Varanus salvator) occupy similar habitats and interact regularly in Singapore's waterways. These interactions have a range of potential outcomes and are sometimes lethal. Few formal behavioral studies exist for either species. We analyzed interactions between otters and monitor lizards by gleaning data from publicly available videos from citizen scientists to examine what factors influence aggressive and defensive behaviors and what influences vigilance in otters. Behavioral sequence analysis revealed no obvious monitor lizard behavior that predicted otter aggression toward monitors. We found that the presence and number of otter pups are positively associated with otter aggression. Otters also tended to be more vigilant in groups with more pups and more vigilant on land than water. Monitor lizards almost always displayed aggressive and defensive behaviors, regardless of whether otters were aggressive toward the lizards. These observations suggest that otters vary their aggression and vigilance levels depending on their group composition and the physical environment of their interactions with monitor lizards.
How much does the typical ecological meta‐analysis overestimate the true mean effect size?
Authors: Fox Jeremy W. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMany primary research studies in ecology are underpowered, providing very imprecise estimates of effect size. Meta‐analyses partially mitigate this imprecision by combining data from different studies. But meta‐analytic estimates of mean effect size may still remain imprecise, particularly if the meta‐analysis includes a small number of studies. Imprecise, large‐magnitude estimates of mean effect size from small meta‐analyses likely would shrink if additional studies were conducted (regression towards the mean). Here, I propose a way to estimate and correct this regression to the mean, using meta‐meta‐analysis (meta‐analysis of meta‐analyses). Hierarchical random effects meta‐meta‐analysis shrinks estimated mean effect sizes from different meta‐analyses towards the grand mean, bringing those estimated means closer on average to their unknown true values. The intuition is that, if a meta‐analysis reports a mean effect size much larger in magnitude than that reported by other meta‐analyses, that large mean effect size likely is an overestimate. This intuition holds even if different meta‐analyses of different topics have different true mean effect sizes. Drawing on a compilation of data from hundreds of ecological meta‐analyses, I find that the typical (median) ecological meta‐analysis overestimates the absolute magnitude of the true mean effect size by ~10%. Some small ecological meta‐analyses overestimate the magnitude of the true mean effect size by >50%. Meta‐meta‐analysis is a promising tool for improving the accuracy of meta‐analytic estimates of mean effect size, particularly estimates based on just a few studies.
Review on the current trends and future perspectives of postbiotics for developing healtheir foods
Authors: Viswanathan Kanimozhi , Muthusamy Sukumar 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIt is a known fact that a number of routes explaining the health benefits of beneficial bacterial cells require vitality. However, more recent terms such as the para probiotic and postbiotic have appeared to indicate that, in addition to live cultures, nonviable microbial cells, microbial fractions, or cell lysates also have the ability to benefit the host by boosting bioactivity. According to current scientific research, postbiotics are potentially safer than their parent live cells as alternative agents. Because of their distinct clinical, technological, and economic properties, they can be used as promising tools in the food and drug industries to achieve therapeutic goals and health benefits. The postbiotic theory, proof of their health benefits, probable signaling pathways involved in their protective mechanisms, and their potential use as functional foods are all covered in this review. With the use of comparative studies on past research, it discusses the methodologies utilized to obtain and identify postbiotics. It educates about postbiotics' bioactivity and probable physiological effects. It also instructs of all possible food applications and underlines the processes involved.
Hominins likely occupied northern Europe before one million years ago
Authors: Key Alastair , Ashton Nick 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOur understanding of when hominins first reached northern Europe is dependent on a fragmented archaeological and fossil record known from as early as marine isotope stage (MIS) 21 or 25 (c. 840 or 950 thousand years ago [Ka]). This contrasts sharply with southern Europe, where hominin occupation is evidenced from MIS 37 to 45 (c. 1.22 or 1.39 million years ago [Ma]). Northern Europe, however, exhibits climatic, geological, demographic, and historical disadvantages when it comes to preserving fossil and archaeological evidence of early hominin habitation. It is argued here that perceived differences in first occupation timings between the two European regions needs to be revised in light of these factors. To enhance this understanding, optimal linear estimation models are run using data from the current fossil and artefact record. Results suggest northern Europe to have first been occupied as early as 1.16 Ma, or as late as 913 Ka. These timings could represent minimum date expectations and be extended through future archaeological and fossil discoveries.
The Indonesian version of Ages and Stages Questionnaire III accuracy compared to Bayley Scales of Infant Development III
Authors: Yunilda Erva , Gunardi Hartono , Medise Bernie Endyarni , Oswari Hanifah 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIdentifying children with developmental disabilities is critical in providing early intervention services. This study aimed to evaluate the concurrent validity information of the 24‐, 30‐, and 36‐month Indonesian Ages and Stages Questionnaires third edition (ASQ‐3) with Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development 3rd Edition (BSID‐III) in Indonesian children. Children living in Tanah Tinggi subdistrict, Central Jakarta, within the 24‐, 30‐, or 36‐month age group, were assessed for Indonesian ASQ‐3 concurrently with BSID‐III. Screening test accuracy was measured in sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values for both overall dan specific domains. A total of 131 children were included as study participants. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value (NPV) for 24‐, 30‐, and 36‐ month ASQ‐3 questionnaires were 80.6%, 69.5%, 50%, and 90.4%, respectively. Age‐specific sensitivity and specificity were 72.7%–84.6% and 59.4%–79.4%, with accuracy increasing from 65.9% at 24‐month to 77.8% at 36‐month. The accuracy in detecting language delay (88.5%) is higher than cognitive delay (77.9%) and motor delay (64.1%). ASQ‐3 overall and age‐specific sensitivities were good enough, given they were above 70%. The 36‐month questionnaire had the best accuracy. A high NPV supports using the ASQ‐3 Indonesian version to exclude developmental delay.Highlights
Indonesian ASQ‐3 questionnaires can identify children at risk for developmental delay and undergo early intervention.
Likelihood ratios calculation revealed findings of developmental delay using Indonesian ASQ‐3 questionnaires increases the probability of developmental delay detection by around 22%.
Indonesian ASQ‐3 questionnaires for 24‐, 30‐, and 36‐ month age groups generated good sensitivity and accuracy for developmental screening.
Indonesian ASQ‐3 can be used as first‐stage screening following the MCHH surveillance tool, particularly at 24‐, 30‐, and 36‐ months.
Diosgenin protects retinal pigment epithelial cells from inflammatory damage and oxidative stress induced by high glucose by activating AMPK/Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway
Authors: Hao Yang , Gao Xuefeng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionDiosgenin is a natural steroidal compound with reported antidiabetic and many other protective properties. This study aimed to explore the protective effect of diosgenin on high‐glucose (HG)‐induced retinal pigment epithelial cells.MethodsHG‐induced ARPE‐19 cells were considered as a cell model of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The viability and apoptosis of ARPE‐19 cells induced by HG treated with either diosgenin or Compound C (CC; dorsomorphin) were detected by Cell Counting Kit‐8 assay and flow cytometric analysis. The expression of apoptosis‐related proteins, inflammation‐related proteins, and AMPK/Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway‐related proteins was detected by western blotting. The levels of inflammatory cytokines and detection of oxidative stress indexes were performed using the appropriate assay kits. The messenger RNA expression of inflammatory cytokines was detected by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.ResultsThere was no obvious effect of diosgenin on the viability of ARPE‐19 cells and the viability of ARPE‐19 cells was significantly reduced after HG induction. However, diosgenin increased the viability, inhibited the apoptosis, and reduced the inflammatory response and oxidative stress of ARPE‐19 cells induced by HG. In addition, diosgenin could activate the AMPK/Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway. CC, an AMPK inhibitor, could reverse the above changes caused by diosgenin treatment in ARPE‐19 cells induced by HG.ConclusionsDiosgenin could protect ARPE‐19 cells from inflammatory damage and oxidative stress induced by HG, by activating the AMPK/Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway.
SPTBN1 attenuates rheumatoid arthritis synovial cell proliferation, invasion, migration and inflammatory response by binding to PIK3R2
Authors: Dai Li‐ping , Xu Xiao‐dong , Yang Ting‐ting , Yin Zhi‐hua , Ye Zhi‐zhong , Wei Ya‐zhi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundAs an autoimmune systemic disorder, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) features chronic inflammation as well as synovial infiltration of immune cells. This study was designed with the purpose of discussing the hidden mechanism of SPTBN1 and exploring favorable molecular‐targeted therapies.MethodsWith the application of RT‐qPCR and western blot, the expressions of SPTBN1 and PIK3R2 before or after transfection were estimated. Besides, Cell Counting Kit‐8, Edu, wound healing, transwell, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, and TUNEL were adopted for the evaluation of the viability, proliferation, migration, invasion, inflammatory response, and apoptosis of fibroblast‐like synoviocyte (FLS). In addition, the interaction of SPTBN1 and PIK3R2 was testified by applying immunoprecipitation (IP) and western blot was utilized for the assessment of migration‐, apoptosis‐, and PI3K/AKT signal‐related proteins.ResultsIt was discovered that SPTBN1 declined in RA synovial cells and its overexpression repressed the proliferation, migration, invasion, and inflammation of RA‐FLSs but promoted apoptosis. IP confirmed that SPTBN1 could bind to PIK3R2 in FLSs. To further figure out the hidden mechanism of SPTBN1 in RA, a series of functional experiments were carried out and the results demonstrated that the reduced expressions of MMP2, MMP9, IL‐8, IL‐1β, IL‐6, and Bcl2 as well as increased levels of Bax and cleaved caspase3 in SPTBN1‐overexpressed RA‐FLSs were reversed by PIK3R2 depletion, revealing that SPTBN1 repressed the migration and inflammation and promoted the apoptosis of RA‐FLSs via binding to PIK3R2. Results obtained from western blot also revealed that PIK3R2 interference ascended the contents of p‐PI3K and p‐AKT in SPTBN1‐overexpressed RA‐FLSs, implying that SPTBN1 repressed PI3K/AKT signal in RA via PIK3R2.DiscussionSPTBN1 alleviated the proliferation, migration, invasion, and inflammation in RA via interacting with PIK3R2.
A conservative treatment for eosinophilic cystitis
Authors: Simonato Franco Alchiede , Pavan Nicola , Pinelli Mirko , Tulone Gabriele , Giaimo Rosa , Martorana Anna , Simonato Alchiede 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionEosinophilic cystitis is a rare condition which causes common symptoms and may mimic other conditions. Eosinophilic cystitis has several causes such as hypereosinophilic syndrome, inflammatory diseases, neoplasia, parasites or fungal infection, IgE‐related diseases, Drug Reaction and Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) syndrome, or Churg‐Strauss syndrome. Therefore, differential diagnosis is difficult.Case presentationWe report the case of a middle‐aged man affected by eosinophilic cystitis with persistent hematuria and other peculiar symptoms that may be brought back to hypereosinophilic crisis.ConclusionConservative approach is preferred, avoiding radical cystectomy rather than corticosteroid, antihistaminic and second line therapy. Hyperbaric therapy is an innovative approach for severe relapsing gross hematuria without specific literature and should be studied for further indications.
Electrochemical properties depending on heteroatom and surface property of various carbon sources/NiO composites as supercapacitor electrode
Authors: Lee Kwang Se , Mugobera Sharon , Park Chan Woo , Ko Jang Myoun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study describes the creation and use of composites of nickel oxide and activated carbon as supercapacitor electrodes. A one‐pot reaction is used to synthesize composite materials of nickel oxide and activated carbon (microalgae, asphaltene, and wood). A precursor solution of Ni(OH)2 is blended with activated carbon through a precipitating method at a controlled weight ratio of nickel oxide and activated carbon, then the obtained powder is calcinated at 300°C for 3 hr. The composites are analyzed by X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDX). It is confirmed that nickel oxide sprouted on activated carbon surface. At a nickel oxide activated carbon weight ratio of 1:20, the greatest specific capacitances at 1 A/g current density are 624.2, 487.1, and 403 F/g, respectively.
An exploratory investigation of schema modes in social anxiety disorder: Empirical findings and case conceptualization
Authors: Norton Alice R. , Penney Erika , Abbott Maree J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundCurrent “gold standard” treatments for social anxiety disorder (SAD) are limited by the limited emphasis of key etiological factors in conceptualization, and many individuals with SAD experience residual symptoms posttreatment. Hence, the novel application of the Schema Therapy Mode Model may provide a helpful framework for extending clinical understanding and treatment options for SAD. This exploratory study aimed to investigate the presence and pattern of schema modes among SAD individuals.MethodForty individuals with SAD completed questionnaire measures of symptomatology, social anxiety‐relevant cognitions, schema modes, childhood trauma, and parental style.ResultsKey maladaptive schema modes identified in SAD were Vulnerable Child, Punitive Critic, Demanding Critic, Compliant Surrender, and Detached Self‐Soother.ConclusionOutcomes provide the basis for a proposed schema mode case conceptualization for SAD and are hoped to provide a rationale for testing the applicability of Schema Therapy as a novel treatment for SAD. Key limitations are discussed.
Implementation of intraoperative wound irrigation with aqueous 10% povidone–iodine and triclosan‐coated sutures is not effective for reducing the incidence of incisional surgical site infection after major hepato‐biliary‐pancreatic surgery in patients with preoperative biliary drainage
Authors: Noda Hiroshi , Maemoto Ryo , Ichida Kosuke , Aizawa Hidetoshi , Endo Yuhei , Iseki Masahiro , Maeda Shimpei , Kato Takarharu , Watanabe Fumiaki , Rikiyama Toshiki 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground/PurposePatients who receive preoperative biliary drainage (PBD) and biliary reconstruction are most at risk for incisional surgical site infection (SSI) in major hepatobiliary‐pancreatic (HBP) surgery.MethodsWe evaluated 72 patients with PBD who underwent major HBP surgery and received intraoperative wound irrigation (IOWI) with saline and standard sutures between March 2014 and March 2017 (Cohort 1) and 63 patients with PBD who underwent major HBP surgery and received IOWI with aqueous 10% povidone–iodine and antibacterial sutures between June 2019 and February 2022 (Cohort 2). We compared the incidence of incisional SSI between the two cohorts.ResultsTwenty‐seven (20.0%) of 135 patients developed incisional SSIs. The rate of current smoking was more frequent in patients who developed incisional SSIs than in those who did not (37.0% vs. 14.8%, p = .012). A total of 18 (25%) of 72 patients developed incisional SSI in Cohort 1, and nine (14.3%) of 63 developed incisional SSI in Cohort 2. Cohort 2 had a 10% lower incidence of incisional SSI than Cohort 1, a nonsignificant difference (p = .09).ConclusionThe implementation of IOWI with aqueous 10% PVP‐I and antibacterial sutures failed to significantly reduce the incidence of incisional SSI in comparison to IOWI with saline and standard sutures in major HBP surgery.
Antibiotic use and outcomes among children hospitalized with suspected pneumonia
Authors: Cotter Jillian M. , Florin Todd A. , Moss Angela , Suresh Krithika , Navanandan Nidhya , Ramgopal Sriram , Shah Samir S. , Ruddy Richard , Kempe Allison , Ambroggio Lilliam 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough viral etiologies predominate, antibiotics are frequently prescribed for community‐acquired pneumonia (CAP).ObjectiveWe evaluated the association between antibiotic use and outcomes among children hospitalized with suspected CAP.Designs, Settings and ParticipantsWe performed a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort of children hospitalized with suspected CAP.InterventionThe exposure was the receipt of antibiotics in the emergency department (ED).Main Outcome and MeasuresClinical outcomes included length of stay (LOS), care escalation, postdischarge treatment failure, 30‐day ED revisit, and quality‐of‐life (QoL) measures from a follow‐up survey 7–15 days post discharge. To minimize confounding by indication (e.g., radiographic CAP), we performed inverse probability treatment weighting with propensity analyses.ResultsAmong 523 children, 66% were <5 years, 88% were febrile, 55% had radiographic CAP, and 55% received ED antibiotics. The median LOS was 41 h (IQR: 25, 54). After propensity analyses, there were no differences in LOS, escalated care, treatment failure, or revisits between children who received antibiotics and those who did not. Seventy‐one percent of patients completed follow‐up surveys after discharge. Among 16% of patients with fevers after discharge, the median fever duration was 2 days, and those who received antibiotics had a 37% decrease in the mean number of days with fever (95% confidence interval: 20% and 51%). We found no statistical differences in other QoL measures.ConclusionsIn this propensity‐weighted analysis of children hospitalized with suspected CAP, there were no clinically significant differences in most outcomes based on ED antibiotic use. There is likely a small subset of children in whom antibiotics are beneficial, and better identification of those who benefit from antibiotics is needed.