bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of an Australia and New Zealand Lung Cancer Clinical Quality Registry: a protocol paper
Authors: Smith Shantelle , Brand Margaret , Harden Susan , Briggs Lisa , Leigh Lillian , Brims Fraser , Brooke Mark , Brunelli Vanessa N , Chia Collin , Dawkins Paul , Lawrenson Ross , Duffy Mary , Evans Sue , Leong Tracy , Marshall Henry , Patel Dainik , Pavlakis Nick , Philip Jennifer , Rankin Nicole , Singhal Nimit , Stone Emily , Tay Rebecca , Vinod Shalini , Windsor Morgan , Wright Gavin M , Leong David , Zalcberg John , Stirling Rob G 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality, comprising the largest national cancer disease burden in Australia and New Zealand. Regional reports identify substantial evidence-practice gaps, unwarranted variation from best practice, and variation in processes and outcomes of care between treating centres. The Australia and New Zealand Lung Cancer Registry (ANZLCR) will be developed as a Clinical Quality Registry to monitor the safety, quality and effectiveness of lung cancer care in Australia and New Zealand.Methods and analysisPatient participants will include all adults >18 years of age with a new diagnosis of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), SCLC, thymoma or mesothelioma. The ANZLCR will register confirmed diagnoses using opt-out consent. Data will address key patient, disease, management processes and outcomes reported as clinical quality indicators. Electronic data collection facilitated by local data collectors and local, state and federal data linkage will enhance completeness and accuracy. Data will be stored and maintained in a secure web-based data platform overseen by registry management. Central governance with binational representation from consumers, patients and carers, governance, administration, health department, health policy bodies, university research and healthcare workers will provide project oversight.Ethics and disseminationThe ANZLCR has received national ethics approval under the National Mutual Acceptance scheme. Data will be routinely reported to participating sites describing performance against measures of agreed best practice and nationally to stakeholders including federal, state and territory departments of health. Local, regional and (bi)national benchmarks, augmented with online dashboard indicator reporting will enable local targeting of quality improvement efforts.
COVID-19 in Portugal: a retrospective review of paediatric cases, hospital and PICU admissions in the first pandemic year
Authors: Elias Cecilia , Feteira-Santos Rodrigo , Camarinha Catarina , de Araújo Nobre Miguel , Costa Andreia Silva , Bacelar-Nicolau Leonor , Furtado Cristina , Nogueira Paulo Jorge 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundCOVID-19 is considered by WHO a pandemic with public health emergency repercussions. Children often develop a mild disease with good prognosis and the recognition of children at risk is essential to successfully manage paediatric COVID-19. Quality epidemiological surveillance data are required to characterise and assess the pandemic.MethodsData on all reported paediatric COVID-19 cases, in Portugal, were retrospectively assessed from a fully anonymised dataset provided by the Directorate General for Health (DGS). Paediatric hospital admission results were obtained from the DGS vaccine recommendations and paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission results from the EPICENTRE.PT group. Reported cases and PICU admissions from March 2020 to February 2021 and hospital admissions between March and December 2020 were analysed.Results92 051 COVID-19 cases were studied, 50.5% males, average age of 10.1 years, corresponding to 5.4% of children in Portugal. The most common symptoms were cough and fever, whereas gastrointestinal symptoms were infrequent. The most common comorbidity was asthma. A high rate of missing surveillance data was noticed, on presentation of disease and comorbidity variables, which warrants a cautious interpretation of results. Hospital admission was required in 0.93% of cases and PICU on 3.48 per 10 000 cases. PICU admission for Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) was more frequent in children with no comorbidities and males, severe COVID-19 was rarer and occurred mainly in females and infants. Case fatality rate and mortality rates were low, 1.8 per 100 000 cases and 1.2 per 1 000 000 cases, respectively.ConclusionsThe overall reported case incidence was 5.4 per 100 children and adolescents and <1% of cases required hospital admission. MIS-C was more frequent in patients with no comorbidities and males. Mortality and case fatality rates were low. Geographic adapted strategies, and information systems to facilitate surveillance are required to improve surveillance data quality.
Continuous local anaesthetic wound infusion of bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia in neonates: a randomised control trial (CANWIN Study)
Authors: Popat Himanshu , Angiti Rajeshwar , Jyoti Jeewan , Webb Annabel , Barnes Elizabeth , Halliday Robert , Badawi Nadia , de Lima Jonathan , Spence Kaye , Thomas Gordon , Shun Albert 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveTo determine the effect of continuous wound infusion of local anaesthetic drug (bupivacaine) on total amount of systemic opioid use in the first 72 hours in newborn infants undergoing laparotomy.DesignA two-arm parallel, open-label randomised controlled trial.SettingA quaternary newborn intensive care unit.PatientsInfants>37 weeks of gestation undergoing laparotomy for congenital or acquired abdominal conditions.InterventionsContinuous wound infusion of local anaesthetic (bupivacaine) for the first 72 hours along with systemic opioid analgesia (catheter group) or only systemic opioid analgesia (opioid group).Main outcomeTotal amount of systemic opioid used within the first 72 hours post laparotomy.ResultsThe study was underpowered as only 30 of the expected sample size of 70 infants were enrolled. 16 were randomised to catheter group and 14 to opioid group. The two groups were similar at baseline. There was no significant difference between the groups for the primary outcome of median total systemic opioid use in the first 72 hours post laparotomy (catheter 431.5 µg/kg vs opioid 771 µg/kg, difference −339.5 µg/kg, 90% CIhigh 109, p value 0.28). There was no significant difference between the groups for any of the secondary outcomes including pain scores, duration of mechanical ventilation, time to reach full feeds and duration of hospital stay. There were no adverse events noted.ConclusionContinuous wound infusion of local anaesthetic along with systemic opioid analgesia is feasible. The lack of a difference in total systemic opioid use in the first 72 hours cannot be reliably interpreted as the study was underpowered.Trial registration numberACTRN12610000633088.
Mobile health adherence for the detection of recurrent recent-onset atrial fibrillation
Authors: van der Velden Rachel M J , Pluymaekers Nikki A H A , Dudink Elton A M P , Luermans Justin G L M , Meeder Joan G , Heesen Wilfred F , Lenderink Timo , Widdershoven Jos W M G , Bucx Jeroen J J , Rienstra Michiel , Kamp Otto , van Opstal Jurren M , Kirchhof Charles J H J , van Dijk Vincent F , Swart Henk P , Alings Marco , Van Gelder Isabelle C , Crijns Harry J G M , Linz Dominik 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveThe Rate Control versus Electrical Cardioversion Trial 7–Acute Cardioversion versus Wait and See trial compared early to delayed cardioversion for patients with recent-onset symptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF). This study aims to evaluate the adherence to a 4-week mobile health (mHealth) prescription to detect AF recurrences after an emergency department visit.MethodsAfter the emergency department visit, the 437 included patients, irrespective of randomisation arm (early or delayed cardioversion), were asked to record heart rate and rhythm for 1 min three times daily and in case of symptoms by an electrocardiography-based handheld device for 4 weeks (if available). Adherence was appraised as number of performed measurements per number of recordings asked from the patient and was evaluated for longitudinal adherence consistency. All patients who used the handheld device were included in this subanalysis.Results335 patients (58% males; median age 67 (IQR 11) years) were included. The median overall adherence of all patients was 83.3% (IQR 29.9%). The median number of monitoring days was 27 out of 27 (IQR 5), whereas the median number of full monitoring days was 16 out of 27 (IQR 14). Higher age and a previous paroxysm of AF were identified as multivariable adjusted factors associated with adherence.ConclusionsIn this randomised trial, a 4-week mHealth prescription to monitor for AF recurrences after an emergency department visit for recent-onset AF was feasible with 85.7% of patients consistently using the device with at least one measurement per day. Older patients were more adherent.Trial registration numberNCT02248753.
A founderUMODvariant is a common cause of hereditary nephropathy in the British population
Authors: Valluru Manoj K , Chung Noelle KX , Gilchrist Mark , Butland Laura , Cook Jackie , Takou Anna , Dixit Abhijit , Weedon Michael N , Ong Albert C M 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundMonogenic disorders are estimated to account for 10%–12% of patients with kidney failure. We report the unexpected finding of an unusual uromodulin(UMOD)variant in multiple pedigrees within the British population and demonstrate a shared haplotype indicative of an ancestral variant.MethodsProbands from 12 apparently unrelated pedigrees with a family history of kidney failure within a geographically contiguous UK region were shown to be heterozygous for a pathogenic variant ofUMODc.278_289delTCTGCCCCGAAG insCCGCCTCCT.ResultsA total of 88 clinically affected individuals were identified, all born in the UK and of white British ethnicity. 20 other individuals with the variant were identified in the UK 100,000 Genomes (100K) Project and 9 from UK Biobank (UKBB). A common extended haplotype was present in 5 of the UKBB individuals who underwent genome sequencing which was only present in <1 in 5000 of UKBB controls. Significantly, rare variants (<1 in 250 general population) identified within 1 Mb of theUMODvariant by genome sequencing were detected in all of the 100K individuals, indicative of an extended shared haplotype.ConclusionOur data confirm a likely founderUMODvariant with a wide geographical distribution within the UK. It should be suspected in cases of unexplained familial nephropathy presenting in patients of white British ancestry.
Renal response at 2 years post biopsy to predict long-term renal survival in lupus nephritis: a retrospective analysis of the Hopkins Lupus Cohort
Authors: Cooper Blenkinsopp Selin , Fu Qinggong , Green Yulia , Madan Anuradha , Juliao Patricia , Goldman Daniel W , Roth David A , Petri Michelle A 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveThis retrospective analysis evaluated the prognostic value of renal response status 2 years after biopsy-proven lupus nephritis (LN) for the prediction of long-term renal outcomes.MethodsEligible patients with SLE as per American College of Rheumatology or Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics criteria and biopsy-proven class III, IV, V or mixed LN were identified from the Hopkins Lupus Cohort, and categorised into binary renal response categories (modified primary efficacy renal response (mPERR) or no mPERR at 2 years post biopsy). These categories were defined by a modified version of the Belimumab International Lupus Nephritis Study (BLISS-LN) protocol using urine protein:creatinine ratio (≤0.7 g/day) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2or ≤20% below the baseline value) criteria. Long-term renal survival (defined as survival without end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or death) and chronic renal insufficiency-free survival were assessed in Kaplan–Meier plots with log-rank test and covariate-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsOf the 173 eligible patients, 91.3% were female; the mean (SD) age at biopsy was 36.2 (11.8) years. At 2 years post biopsy, 114 (65.9%) patients achieved mPERR. These patients showed a lower risk of ESRD/death and chronic renal insufficiency in the follow-up period (HR (95% CI) 0.33 (0.13 to 0.87), p=0.0255; and HR (95% CI) 0.26 (0.14 to 0.47), p<0.0001, respectively).ConclusionsThe 2-year post-biopsy renal response status, defined per 2019-updated BLISS-LN criteria, has prognostic value for long-term renal survival and lower risk of chronic renal insufficiency in patients with LN.
Visualizing Android Malicious Applications Using Texture Features
Authors: Sharma Tejpal , Rattan Dhavleesh 
Published: August 2022

Context: Due to the change and advancement in technology, day by day the internet service usages are also increasing. Smartphones have become the necessity for every person these days. It is used to perform all basic daily activities such as calling, SMS, banking, gaming, entertainment, education, etc. Therefore, malware authors are developing new variants of malwares or malicious applications especially for monetary benefits. Objective: Objective of this research paper is to develop a technique that can be used to detect malwares or malicious applications on the android devices that will work for all types of packed or encrypted malicious applications, which usually evade decompiling tools. Method: In the proposed approach, visualization method is used for the detection of malware. In the first phase, application files are converted into images and then in second phase, texture feature of images are extracted using Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM). In the last phase, machine learning classification algorithms are used to classify the malicious and benign applications. Results: The proposed approach is run on different datasets collected from various repositories. Different efficiency parameters are calculated and the proposed approach is compared with the existing approaches. Conclusion: We have proposed a static technique for efficient detection of malwares. The proposed technique performs better than the existing technique.
Long-Term Evolocumab in Patients With Established Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: O’Donoghue Michelle L. , Giugliano Robert P. , Wiviott Stephen D. , Atar Dan , Keech Anthony , Kuder Julia F. , Im KyungAh , Murphy Sabina A. , Flores-Arredondo Jose H. , López J. Antonio G. , Elliott-Davey Mary , Wang Bei , Monsalvo Maria Laura , Abbasi Siddique , Sabatine Marc S. 
Published: August 2022

Background:
In FOURIER (Further Cardiovascular Outcomes Research With PCSK9 Inhibition in Subjects With Elevated Risk), the proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 inhibitor evolocumab reduced low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and risk of cardiovascular events and was safe and well tolerated over a median of 2.2 years of follow-up. However, large-scale, long-term data are lacking.

Methods:
The parent FOURIER trial randomized 27 564 patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and LDL-C ≥70 mg/dL on statin to evolocumab versus placebo. Patients completing FOURIER at participating sites were eligible to receive evolocumab in 2 open-label extension studies (FOURIER-OLE [FOURIER Open-Label Extension]) in the United States and Europe; primary analyses were pooled across studies. The primary end point was the incidence of adverse events. Lipid values and major adverse cardiovascular events were prospectively collected.

Results:

A total of 6635 patients were enrolled in FOURIER-OLE (3355 randomized to evolocumab and 3280 to placebo in the parent study). Median follow-up in FOURIER-OLE was 5.0 years; maximum exposure to evolocumab in parent plus FOURIER-OLE was 8.4 years. At 12 weeks in FOURIER-OLE, median LDL-C was 30 mg/dL, and 63.2% of patients achieved LDL-C <40 mg/dL on evolocumab. Incidences of serious adverse events, muscle-related events, new-onset diabetes, hemorrhagic stroke, and neurocognitive events with evolocumab long term did not exceed those for placebo-treated patients during the parent study and did not increase over time. During the FOURIER-OLE follow-up period, patients originally randomized in the parent trial to evolocumab versus placebo had a 15% lower risk of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or hospitalization for unstable angina or coronary revascularization (hazard ratio, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.75–0.96];
P
=0.008); a 20% lower risk of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (hazard ratio, 0.80 [95% CI, 0.68–0.93];
P
=0.003); and a 23% lower risk of cardiovascular death (hazard ratio, 0.77 [95% CI, 0.60–0.99];
P
=0.04).

Conclusions:
Long-term LDL-C lowering with evolocumab was associated with persistently low rates of adverse events for >8 years that did not exceed those observed in the original placebo arm during the parent study and led to further reductions in cardiovascular events compared with delayed treatment initiation.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifiers: NCT02867813 and NCT03080935.
Forced Displacement, Prevention from Returning and the Jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court
Authors: Katselli Proukaki Elena 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This article argues that international criminal law has not adequately addressed the true dimensions and effects of forced displacement. Often protracted in time, forced displacement extends well beyond the conduct of coercively expelling individuals out of territory from which they are lawfully present. Preventing those forcibly displaced from returning is an essential element of forced displacement as a crime against humanity and as such, it requires the full reprehension of international criminal law. This means that the crime continues for as long as prevention from returning is sustained with significant ramifications on the temporal and territorial jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court. This is particularly so in relation to crimes elements of which are committed in the territory of a state not party to the icc Statute, such as in the situation concerning the alleged deportation of the Rohingya before the icc, and crimes which were initiated before the binding force of the icc Statute. The article concludes that recognition of prevention from returning as a continuing element of forced displacement does not infringe state consent, nor does it compromise the principle of legality which are central to the exercise of icc jurisdiction.
Case Note on the Supreme Court of Denmark’s Judgment in Green Desert
Authors: Kjeldgaard-Pedersen Astrid , Nielsen Rasmus Grønved 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This case note accounts for and comments on the Supreme Court of Denmark’s recent judgment in the Green Desert case. The Court held that the Ministry of Defence was not liable under Danish tort law for the Danish troops’ participation in the Green Desert operation in 2004 in Iraq, during which a number af Iraqis were detained and later subjected to inhuman treatment by the Iraqi police and military. Moreover, the Supreme Court found that the Iraqis were not within the jurisdiction of Denmark under Article 1 echr. The judgment did not address the general rules on state responsibility or international humanitarian law.
Soil Carbon Losses Reduce Soil Moisture in Global Climate Model Simulations
Authors: McDermid Sonali Shukla , Weng Ensheng , Puma Michael , Cook Benjamin , Hengl Tomislav , Sanderman Jonathan , De Lannoy Gabrielle J. M. , Aleinov Igor 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Most agricultural soils have experienced substantial soil organic carbon losses in time. These losses motivate recent calls to restore organic carbon in agricultural lands to improve biogeochemical cycling and for climate change mitigation. Declines in organic carbon also reduce soil infiltration and water holding capacity, which may have important effects on regional hydrology and climate. To explore the regional hydroclimate impacts of soil organic carbon changes, we conduct new global climate model experiments with NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies ModelE that include spatially explicit soil organic carbon concentrations associated with different human land management scenarios. Compared to a “no land use” case, a year 2010 soil degradation scenario, in which organic carbon content (OCC; weight %) is reduced by a factor of ∼0.12 on average across agricultural soils, resulted in soil moisture losses between 0.5 and 1 temporal standard deviations over eastern Asia, northern Europe, and the eastern United States. In a more extreme idealized scenario where OCC is reduced uniformly by 0.66 across agricultural soils, soil moisture losses exceed one standard deviation in both hemispheres. Within the model, these soil moisture declines occur primarily due to reductions in porosity (and to a lesser extent infiltration) that overall soil water holding capacity. These results demonstrate that changes in soil organic carbon can have meaningful, large-scale effects on regional hydroclimate and should be considered in climate model evaluations and developments. Further, this also suggests that soil restoration efforts targeting the carbon cycle are likely to have additional benefits for improving drought resilience.
Dynamical Core Damping of Thermal Tides in the Martian Atmosphere
Authors: Lian Yuan , Richardson Mark I. , Newman Claire E. , Lee Chris , Toigo Anthony , Guzewich Scott , Yelle Roger V. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Atmospheric oscillations with daily periodicity are observed in in situ near-surface pressure, temperature, and winds observations and also in remotely sensed temperature and pressure observations of the Martian atmosphere. Such oscillations are interpreted as thermal tides driven by the diurnal cycle of solar radiation and occur at various frequencies, with the most prominent being the diurnal, semidiurnal, terdiurnal, and quadiurnal tides. Mars global circulation models reproduce these tides with varying levels of success. Until recently, both the MarsWRF and newly developed MarsMPAS models were able to produce realistic diurnal and semidiurnal tide amplitudes but predicted higher-order mode amplitudes that were significantly weaker than observed. We use linear wave analysis to show that the divergence damping applied within both MarsWRF and MarsMPAS is responsible for suppressing the amplitude of thermal tides with frequency greater than 2 per sol, despite being designed to suppress only acoustic wave modes. Decreasing the strength of the divergence damping in MarsWRF and MarsMPAS allows for excellent prediction of the higher-order tidal modes. This finding demonstrates that care must be taken when applying numerical dampers and filters that may eliminate some desired dynamical features in planetary atmospheres.