bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Thermal Treatments in the Corrosion Behaviour of HVOF Cr3C2-NiCr Coatings
Authors: Guilemany J.M. , Fernández J. , Delgado J. , Benedetti A.V. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Thermal spray coatings as Cr3C2-NiCr obtained by high velocity oxy-fuel spraying (HVOF) are mainly applied due to their behaviour against aggressive erosive-abrasive and corrosive atmospheres and their thermal stability at high temperatures. In order to increase the corrosion protection that it offers to the substrate trying to close the interconnected pores, it is possible to apply a thermal treatment with the gun during the spraying of the coating. This treatment could be applied in different ways. One of these ways consists of spraying only a few layers of coating followed by thermal treatment and finally the spray of the rest of layers. This thermal treatment on spraying is studied related to the corrosion properties of the system. The study comprises the electrochemical characterisation of the system by open circuit potential (OC), polarisation resistance (Rp), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and impedance spectroscopy measurements (EIS). Optical and scanning electron microscopy characterisation (OM and SEM) of the top and cross-section of the system has been used in order to justify the electrochemical results.
Modification of Ceramic Thermal Spray Deposit Microstructure Implementing Laser Treatment
Authors: Montavon G. , Coddet C. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Microstructural features such as cracks, pores and delaminations are known to significantly affect the properties of thermal spray ceramic coatings. As an example, tensile properties depend mostly on the size, the shape and on the degree of clustering of pores since highly clustered porosity generates regions of poor mechanical properties from where cracks easily propagate through the entire volume. Another example concerns the corrosion resistance of coated components which is significantly degraded when pores are connected. To circumvent such disadvantages, several post-treatments may be implemented. The most commonly used is sealing of pores by impregnation using either low melting temperature metallic alloys or organic materials. In addition to be a costly additional step to the deposit manufacturing process, the coating working temperature limit is significantly reduced. Therefore, numerous works along the twenty past years have been devoted to find ways to densify ceramic coatings. Among these treatments, the use of high energy laser beams was very often considered. This paper aims to bring a contribution to those efforts by presenting results concerning the laser treatment of zirconia thermal spray coatings.
Acoustic Emission Techniques for Life Prediction of TBCs Under Thermal Cycling Conditions
Authors: Robin P. , Gitzhofer F. , Boulos M.I. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A thermal cycling test rig and procedure was designed in order to predict the life expectancy of Thermal Barrier Coatings (TBC) under thermal cycling conditions similar to those meet in combustion chambers. Two 2kW-halogen lamps highly focused on the TBC were used to expose the surface of the coating to an intense heat flux. A 25x100 mm TBC is Air Plasma Sprayed (APS) centered onto a substrate 25x370 mm. The thermal cycling can be done either under inert or oxidizing atmosphere in order to separate oxidation-induced acoustic emissions from that resulting from the mismatch of the Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) of the coating compared to that of the substrate. Two transducers located at each end of the substrate monitor the Acoustic Emission (AE) signals emitted by crack initiation and/or propagation, were recorded and analyzed in order to deduce available information about TBC behavior under thermal load. The use of two transducers with a time of flight approach provides a valuable means of identifying both the crack formation and its location. This thermal cycling test is adequate for the study of various samples, like welded substrates coated with TBC or TBC coated around holes. The presence of cracks is observed using metallography preparation and microscopic observation.
The Evolution of the Plasma Spraying Technology During the Last Ten Years
Authors: Barbezat G. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The plasma spray technology has shown a considerably evolution during the last 10 years. Modeling and diagnostic methods also have shown a strong development and offer tools for a better characterization and simulation of the plasma spray processes. In the same time some new types of plasma torches were developed. The motivation for the development primarily was the productivity measured in spray rate and deposition efficiency. However the necessary level of energy used for the melting and the accelerating of the powder was not always considered as important factor. In the future this factor certainly will take more importance. The reliability of the process becomes to be considered as a major aspect. During the last decade two directions of development were taken. One direction is the axial injection of the powder in the plasma jet. This process allows an excellent control of particles trajectories and looks as attractive process, however the stability of the arc root is not really realized through the axial injection. The stability of plasma spray process can be increased using the principle of cascaded anode to fix the arc root and provide quasi constant condition for the melting and accelerating of the injected powder. The current density of the cathode plays an important roll regarding the time life and also the stability of the process. It was realized an improvement of a factor 5 to 10 of time life of cathode by the using a multi cathode plasma torch with low current density. This technology shows a significantly improvement by the deposition of metallic alloys and ceramic regarding the productivity and the constant quality level of the coating.
Blast Erosion Properties of Erosion-Resistant Thermally Sprayed Coatings
Authors: Sonoya K. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The present investigation compares blast erosion characteristics of coatings that are prepared with abrasion resistant surface treatment materials and various consolidation processes. Furthermore, it elucidates operating mechanisms in blast erosion of various sprayed coatings. The investigation presents the blast erosion test conditions and assessment of test results and discusses the effects of coating materials on abrasion loss and impingement angle on abrasion loss. It includes illustrations on SEM observation and cross-sectional observation of damaged areas. In addition, information on blast erosion resistant characteristics of materials tested and wear mechanism in blast erosion is also provided.
Corrosion and Wear Properties of Different Weld Overlays
Authors: Rogne T. , Berget J. , Fostervoll H. , Nilsen N.I. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Different weld overlays were welded by using different weld processes. Both Ni based alloys and Co based alloys were welded on either a c-steel (Weldox 700) or a stainless steel similar to superduplex (UNS 32760). The weld overlays were investigated and compared with respect to effect of the number of layers, chemical compositions of the surface, critical crevice corrosion temperature, microstructure, hardness, friction coefficient, adhesive and abrasive wear resistance. Wear testing was performed on the Co based alloys only. Some electrolytically deposited Ni-coatings were also investigated with respect to crevice corrosion. Both an austenitic and a superduplex stainless steel were tested as reference materials.
Influence of Process Variables on the Plasma Sprayed Coatings: An Integrated Study
Authors: Vaidya A. , Bancke G. , Sampath S. , Herman H. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The current study was undertaken as part of an ongoing effort at CTSR towards development of 'Process Maps' for thermal spray coatings of molybdenum. Extensive study of the spray stream of molybdenum powders in a plasma jet was carried out. The study was undertaken for three distinct nozzle (anode) geometries and different spray conditions for each nozzle. The results demonstrate that the particle velocities and temperatures vary in an interdependent manner over a narrow range for any single nozzle. When nozzles with different geometeries are used the velocity and temperature range can be extended considerably. By estimating the residence time of particles in the plasma jet and defining a 'melting index' for the particles, a cross comparison of nozzles provides insight into the particle state achieved in each case.
Roadmaps: Use of ATE Drives Changes in FA: A Commentary
Authors: Wagner Larry , Nguyen Peter 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Many standard physical failure site isolation techniques require an electrical stimulus to drive test devices into a failing condition. This function has been provided by bench test electronics for some time, but increasing device complexity is causing a migration to more sophisticated equipment such as pattern generators and logic analyzers. In anticipation of further increases in pin count and density, a new class of small footprint testers is emerging. These portable systems, called ASIC verification testers, facilitate the transfer of ATE test programs to failure analysis laboratories at relatively low cost.
Case History: Analysis of Interlayer Shorts in a 0.5 µm CMOS IC Technology
Authors: Soden J.M. , Henderson C.L. , Cole E.I. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Sandia National Laboratories manufactures 0.5 µm CMOS ICs using local oxidation of silicon (LOCOS) and shallow trench isolation (STI) technologies. A program based on burn-in and life tests is being used to qualify the process for military and space applications. Representative ICs from baseline wafer lots are assembled in ceramic packages and electrically tested before, during, and after burn-in and subsequent life tests. Two types of ICs are being used for this qualification, a 256K-bit SRAM and a microcontroller core. More than 600 ICs have passed qualification tests with very few failures, although recently, a group of SRAMs from a development wafer lot incorporating nonqualified processes had an usually high number of failures during their initial electrical test after packaging. This article describes the investigation that was conducted to determine the cause of these failures.
The Impact of New Materials on Failure Analysis
Authors: Wagner Larry 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This article addresses the considerations related to the development and introduction of new materials in response to the increasing performance demands of microelectronic devices, and how these new materials will affect characterization and failure analysis. The article is largely extracted from the “Deprocessing/Inspection White Paper” generated by the SEMATECH Product Analysis Forum (PAF), with updates from the PAF response to the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors.
Applications of SCM and SCS to Failure Analysis
Authors: Edwards Hal 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Scanning capacitance spectroscopy (SCS) is a new way to use a scanning capacitance microscope (SCM) to delineate pn junctions in silicon devices. SCS produces two-dimensional pn junction maps with features as small as 10 nm. It can also estimate the pn junction depletion width and hence doping levels near the junction. This article explains how SCS and SCMs allow a whole new regime of doping-related phenomena to be explored in Si devices and ICs.
Deep Ultraviolet Microscopy
Authors: Ravich Gil 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This is the second article in a two-part series on deep ultraviolet (DUV) microscopy. The first part, published in the February 2000 issue of EDFA, discusses the working principles and capabilities of the method and the types of applications for which it is suited. In this issue, the author describes the basic design of DUV microscopes, the role of major components, and their effect on imaging quality.
PERAN KOHESIVITAS DALAM TIM OLAHRAGA UNTUK MEMPREDIKSI KEBERHASILAN KELOMPOK
Authors: Febriani Risna 
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this article is to highlight cohesion research stemming from sports investigations. There is a lot of literature on cohesion to explain phenomena in team sports. Research conducted on physical activity on cohesion and other topics in group dynamics (eg, leadership, roles, and norms) has the potential to offer much of the extant group literature. In addition, a clear definition and conceptualization is needed in researching group cohesion on sports teams, considering that sports groups are different from other groups in social life. In the context of team sports, cohesion can be influenced and influenced by the group. Group cohesion can be a factor in team success, but it can also be a result of team performance. Therefore, future research may be able to clarify the direction of the relationship of group cohesion in sports team success Keywords: The role of cohesiveness, predicting group success
Association of circumferential aneurysm wall enhancement with recurrence after coiling of unruptured intracranial aneurysms: a preliminary vessel wall imaging study
Authors: Hara Takeshi , Matsushige Toshinori , Yoshiyama Michitsura , Hashimoto Yukishige , Kobayashi Shohei , Sakamoto Shigeyuki 
Published: June 2022

OBJECTIVE
Recent histopathological studies of unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) have confirmed that aneurysm wall enhancement (AWE) on MR vessel wall imaging (VWI) is related to wall degeneration with in vivo inflammatory cell infiltration. Therefore, pretreatment aneurysm wall status on VWI may be associated with recurrence after endovascular treatment.

METHODS
VWI with gadolinium was performed on 67 consecutive saccular UIAs before endovascular treatment between April 2017 and June 2021. The mean (range) follow-up period after treatment was 24.4 (6–54) months. AWE patterns were classified as circumferential AWE (CAWE), focal AWE (FAWE), and negative AWE (NAWE). The authors retrospectively investigated the relationship between aneurysm recurrence and AWE patterns, as well as conventional risk factors.

RESULTS
Sixty-seven patients with 67 saccular UIAs were eligible for the present study. AWE patterns were as follows: 10 CAWE (14.9%), 20 FAWE (29.9%), and 37 NAWE (55.2%). Follow-up MRA detected aneurysm recurrence in 18 of 69 cases (26.1%). Univariate analysis identified maximum diameter (mean ± SD 5.8 ± 2.2 mm in patients with stable aneurysms vs 7.7 ± 3.8 mm in those with unstable aneurysms, p = 0.02), aspect ratio (1.4 ± 0.5 vs 1.1 ± 0.4, p < 0.01), aneurysm location in posterior circulation (4.1% vs 27.8%, p < 0.01), volume embolization ratio (29.6% ± 7.8% vs 25.2% ± 6.1%, p = 0.02), and AWE pattern (p = 0.04) as significant predictive factors of recurrence. Among the 3 AWE patterns, CAWE was significantly more frequent in the unstable group, but no significant differences in stability of the treated aneurysms were observed with the FAWE and NAWE patterns. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, CAWE pattern (OR 14.2, 95% CI 1.8–110.8, p = 0.01) and volume embolization ratio ≥ 25% (OR 8.6, 95% CI 2.1–34.3, p < 0.01) remained as significant factors associated with aneurysm stability after coiling.

CONCLUSIONS
VWI before coiling provides novel insights into the stability of treated aneurysms. Aneurysms with the CAWE pattern on VWI before coiling may be less stable after treatment.
Experimental behavior based on effective slab width acting as a flange with supporting steel beams in composite floors with openings
Authors: Khamis Magdy Khalaf , Ashraf El-Shihy Ashraf El-Shihy , El-Sayed El-Kasaby El-Sayed El-Kasaby , Ahmad Youssef Ahmad Youssef 
Published: June 2022

An experimental study with many variables was carried out to investigate the effective width of simply supported composite beams (T&L sec. beams) with & without slab opening. Three full-scale composite slab models with six different carrier simply supported composite beams (three with T-sec. & three with L-sec.) with constant slab rectangularity was tested. Each model loaded by uniform load (in the elastic zone) then loaded by means of two-concentrated load system acting at equal distances from supports till failure. One of them without slab opening and the others with two symmetric slab openings and constant opening horizontal position. All standard tests were performed and all instructions and precautions were followed as perfect as the laboratory instruments permitted. All experimental steps were executed in a manner such that meeting practical conditions as exactly as could. In this research, the tested model features, materials properties and measurement instrumentations are described in brief. The maximum load carrying capacity; crack patterns, generated strains and deflections at different positions were experimentally investigated. For the sake of analysis generalization and error minimization, all results were analyzed by means of dimensionless relations. The results were recorded and analyzed guided by their mechanical behavior. Interesting gained results, conclusions and recommendations are introduced.
VIS-NIR-SWIR spectroscopic mapping for classification of hydrothermal-metasomatic alterations on the flanks of the Stolbovoe uranium deposit (Eastern Cis-Sayan)
Authors: Karmanov E. N. , Ledeneva N. V. , Rassulov V. A. , Tomashev A. V. 
Published: June 2022

Background. The Stolbovoe deposit is located in the northern part of the Eastern Sayan, in the Nizhneudinsky district of the Irkutsk region, within the N-47-IX map sheet. The surveying of the territory began in the sixties of the last century. The Stolbovoe deposit was discovered based on direct search signs (radioactivity). At the same time, the search was not aimed at revealing new deposits hidden under the Riphean cover; therefore, most of the territory remained unexplored.Aim. To map and classify the near-ore hydrothermal-metasomatic alterations manifested on the flanks of the Stolbovoe uranium deposit.Materials and methods. During the 2018–2020 period, within the framework of prospecting work, the employees of the All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Mineral Resources named after N.M. Fedorovsky (VIMS) carried out the mapping of ore alterations using an innovative method of Infrared (IR) spectroscopy. The diagnostics of mineralization was carried out using a portable TerraSpec 4 Hi-Res spectrometer. The instrument was used to measure diffuse reflectance spectra in the Ultraviolet-Visible-Short-Wave Infrared (UV-Vis-SWIR) ranges; the composition of various mineral phases was determined using the TSGVersion 7 database and software.Results. This study confirmed the efficiency of the method applied for the diagnostics of all varieties of clayey (kaolinite, montmorillonite) and fine micaceous (phengite, sericite, paragonite and their illite varieties) minerals, as well as carbonates (dolomite, ankerite, siderite) and chlorites in the rock in situ or in samples without preliminary sample preparation.Conclusions. The use of the described method for investigating cores and samples of the Stolbovoe uranium deposit (East Sayan region) made it possible to classify the epigenetic changes in rocks and to map hydrothermal-metasomatic halos, including those near-ore, formed by mineralization that could not be identified by conventional visual and optical methods.
Petroelastic modeling of carbonate reservoirs in the view of different void types
Authors: Grigoryan Ya. S. , Bayuk I. O. 
Published: June 2022

Background. Fractures present in carbonate rocks facilitate fluid flow within void spaces. Each type of voids can have a different effect on rock elastic properties, which, in turn, allow the characteristics of voids to be estimated by assessing the velocity of elastic waves. In this paper, an effect of pores and fractures on the velocity of elastic waves is analyzed by petroelastic modeling. An example of solving an inverse problem is presented, involving the determination of fracture porosity and relative fracture opening using the data on elastic wave velocity and hydrocarbon reservoir density obtained during geophysical well logging.Aim. To increase the accuracy of experimental data on the velocity of elastic waves that propagate across hydrocarbon carbonate reservoirs by assessing the pore and fracture characteristics of voids.Materials and methods. The effective medium theory was used as an efficient way to evaluate physical, including elastic, properties based on rock composition and microstructure. Using Berryman’s self-consistent method, we created a model of rock elastic properties, or a petroelastic model, the void space in which was represented by isometric pores and fractures. This model was applied to a well in a petroleum province in West Siberia.Results. The effect of characteristics determining the void space of porous-fractured rocks on the velocity of elastic waves was defined. Velocity surfaces were constructed in accordance with changing parameters of the model, i.e. fracture porosity and fracture aspect ratio. The obtained theoretical and experimental data were compared in order to determine fracture development zones and to evaluate volume concentration and relative fracture opening in these zones.Conclusion. The effect of pores and fractures on elastic wave velocity in porous-fractured carbonate reservoirs was studied by petroelastic modeling. The zones of excessive fracturing were defined and the parameters of volume concentration and relative fracture opening were determined using the data obtained by geophysical well logging in a petroleum province in West Siberia.
Kórházak biztonsága és védelme 2. – személy- és vagyonvédelmi eszközök lehetőségei
Authors: Veresné Rauscher Judit , Berek Lajos 
Published: June 2022

Az egészségügyi létesítmények, azon belül is a kórházak a kritikus infrastruktúra részét képezik mind műszaki, mind társadalmi szempontból. A legfontosabb feladatuk a gyógyítás, amit különböző vészhelyzetekben is folytonosan biztosítani szükséges. Emiatt fontos kérdés, hogy a kórházakban milyen külső és belső veszélyforrások merülnek fel kockázatként és azok milyen védelmi megoldásokkal csökkenthetők. A két részből álló cikksorozat 2. részében a korábban feltárt kockázati tényezők típusai, jellemzői alapján nemzetközi ajánlások és saját tapasztalatok alapján meghatározzuk, hogy azok elkerülhetők-e, és ha igen, akkor milyen megelőző biztonsági kialakítással vagy tevékenységgel csökkenthetők a kockázataik és a hatásuk. A kutatásunk alapján kijelenthető, hogy a kórházakat fenyegető veszélyek teljes mértékben nem kerülhetők el, azonban biztonsági intézkedésekkel csökkenthetők a kockázatok. A cikksorozatban feltártuk a kórházakat érintő speciális kockázati tényezőket, és javaslatot adtunk azok lehetséges csökkentésére vagy elkerülésére. Fontos tényező azonban, hogy minden egyes intézmény egyedi funkcióval és kialakítással rendelkezik, így az általános útmutatás mellett mindig szükséges az egyedi elemzések elkészítése és a szükséges megelőző tevékenységek meghatározása. Ezekkel jelentősen növelhető az egészségügyi intézmények, különösen a kórházak működődési biztonsága, ami egyben kihatással van azok gazdasági és társadalmi megítélésére is.
Are Traditional IT System Interoperability Solutions Sufficient and Efficient? Thoughts on Novel Solutions
Authors: Munk Sándor 
Published: June 2022

In our globalised world the interoperability of organisational IT systems has become an indispensable condition for the cooperation of organisations, so IT interoperability is now a priority demand of all application. In practice, we can essentially only find solutions based on standardised intermediary representations, but these have a number of limitations, the analysis of which is not covered in the literature. Novel interoperability solutions have also emerged in connection with the development of information technology, but little is said about the general requirements for innovative solutions. This publication seeks to contribute to these tasks.