bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Nutripriming with Boric Acid, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate and its Combination on Germination Physiology of Lentil (Lens culinaris L.) cv. HUL 57
Authors: Mondal Sananda , Mondal Spurti , Pramanik Kalipada 
Published: October 2022

Background: In rainfed agriculture, lentil is considered an important legume crop. But in rainfed conditions adequate soil moisture condition is a major obstacle that leads to reduced germination per cent, slow down growth of the seedlings and finally reduction in yield. Seed priming is an alternative which can improve the germination percentage and seedling establishment of lentil. Methods: The present work, deals with the lentil (Lens culinaris L.) cv. HUL 57 where seeds were primed with different concentrations/combinations of boric acid (H3BO3) and zinc sulphate heptahydrate (ZnSO4.7H2O). The parameters taken into consideration was germination percentage (ranging from 18 to 96 h), radicle and plumule length, fresh and dry weights of radicle and plumule at different time intervals (ranging from 48 to 96 h) during both the consecutive years i.e., 2014-15 and 2015-16. Result: Among all the priming treatments, priming with 4 mM boric acid (B2), 2 mM zinc sulphate heptahydrate (Zn1) and 2 mM of zinc sulphate + 4 mM of boric acid (T1) significantly improved the germination percentage, plumule and radicle lengths, fresh and dry weights of lentil seedlings over other treatments in both the consecutive years.
Short-term exposure of human minor salivary gland stem cells to hypergravity enhances stemness
Authors: Choi Jeong-Seok , Minh Tri Ho , Kim Jeong Mi , Choi Mi Eun , Jeon Eun Jeong , Park Jin-Mi , Kim Sungryeal , Kim Young Mo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Radiation therapy for head and neck cancer damages local stem cells and epithelial cells in salivary glands (SG), leading to irreversible SG dysfunction. Biological understanding of the responses of tissue-resident stem cells to gravity is required to develop therapeutic strategies for damaged tissue regeneration. In this study, we successfully isolated human minor salivary gland stem cells (huMSGSCs), which have high proliferation rates, express multiple stem markers, and can be differentiated into mesenchymal cell types. Cell proliferation, sphere-forming ability, stemness marker expressions, and epithelial differentiation potentials were checked after exposing huMSGSCs short-term to hypergravity (HyperG) or microgravity (MicroG). Proliferation after exposure to HyperG (40 G ) was greater than exposure to 1G, but no difference was observed between MicroG (10− 3 G) and 1G. Numbers of large spheres were significantly higher post-HyperG and lower post-MicroG than at 1G, whereas numbers of small spheres were significantly lower post-HyperG and higher post-MicroG. The expressions of stemness markers (CD90, LGR5, CD29, and CD24) and junction markers (ZO-1 and ZO-2) were increased post-HyperG. Furthermore, increases in PAS staining and the gene expressions of albumin and CK19 confirmed that HyperG enhances the epithelial differentiation potential of huMSGSCs. This study shows that cultivating huMSGSCs under HyperG conditions enhances stemness and that a gravity control system could be applied to modulate huMSGSC functions.
The promoters of OsGLP genes exhibited differentially methylated sites under drought and salt stress in rice cultivars
Authors: Anum Jazba , O’Shea Charlotte , Skriver Karen , Saeed Muhammad , Hyder Muhammad Zeeshan , Farrukh Sumaira , Yasmin Tayyaba 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
DNA methylation at cytosine residues governs the regulation of stress responsive genes in plants to generate response against various environmental abiotic stress conditions. Here, we analyzed the epigenetic consequences of drought and salinity on cytosine methylation dynamics of promoter regions of stress responsive Germin-like protein (GLP) genes in rice (Oryza sativa). The bisulfite sequencing technique was employed to identify differential methylation status at cytosine residues in selected promoter region of three OsGLP genes (OsGLP4-1, OsGLP8-10 and OsGLP8-12) in leaves and roots of two elite Indica rice cultivars (tolerant KS282 and sensitive Super Basmati) under drought and salt stress. Our results identified cultivar, tissue and stress-dependent differentially methylated cytosine residues, however, the extent of methylation was found to be different depending upon CGN, CHG and CHH sequence contexts. Among all three OsGLP genes, promoter region of OsGLP8-12 was observed with most methylated and differentially methylated sites depending upon a particular variety, tissue or stress condition whereas no methylated sites were observed in promoter region of OsGLP4-1 in all samples. Moreover, in promoter regions of OsGLP8-10 and OsGLP8-12, several differentially methylated sites in response to stress treatments were identified either near or within cis-regulatory elements (CREs) involved in gene regulation or abiotic stress response indicating the association between promoter methylation and regulation of OsGLP genes under drought and salinity. This study provides insights to argue that altered methylation status of specific cytosine residues in the promoter regions of OsGLP genes can be a key regulatory mechanism associated with their regulation under abiotic stresses in contrasting rice cultivars.
Increasing Transparency in Machine Learning through Bootstrap Simulation and Shapely Additive Explanations
Authors: Huang Alexander , Huang Samuel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractImportance: Machine learning methods are widely used within the medical field. However, the reliability and efficacy of these models is difficult to assess. We assessed whether variance calculations of model metrics (e.g., AUROC, Sensitivity, Specificity) through bootstrap simulation and SHapely Additive exPlanations (SHAP) could increase model transparency. Methods Data from the England National Health Services Heart Disease Prediction Cohort was used. XGBoost was used as the machine-learning model of choice in this study. Boost-strap simulation (N = 10,000) was used to empirically derive the distribution of model metrics and covariate Gain statistics. SHapely Additive exPlanations (SHAP) to provide explanations to machine-learning output and simulation to evaluate the variance of model accuracy metrics. Result Among 10,000 simulations completed, we observed that the AUROC ranged from 0.771 to 0.947, a difference of 0.176, the balanced accuracy ranged from 0.688 to 0.894, a 0.205 difference, the sensitivity ranged from 0.632 to 0.939, a 0.307 difference, and the specificity ranged from 0.595 to 0.944, a 0.394 difference. Among 10,000 simulations completed, we observed that the gain for Angina ranged from 0.225 to 0.456, a difference of 0.231, for Cholesterol ranged from 0.148 to 0.326, a difference of 0.178, the MaxHR ranged from 0.081 to 0.200, a range of 0.119, and for Age ranged from 0.059 to 0.157, difference of 0.098. Conclusion Use of simulations to empirically evaluate the variance of model metrics and explanatory algorithms to observe if covariates match the literature are necessary for increased transparency, reliability, and utility of machine learning methods.
Effect of a Multidisciplinary Nutrition Management Model in Patients with Critical Illness: A randomized trial
Authors: sun shunxia , Yang Jin , Tang Xiaoling , Huang Juan , Liu Yi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This trial quantified the effects of the standardized process of multidisciplinary nutrition management oncritically ill patients. One hundred thirty-two patients in the ICU were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group. A routine nutrition management mode was implemented in the control group, and a multidisciplinary nutrition management mode was adopted in the experimental group. The early nutritional support rates of the experimental group and the control group were 89.39% and 69.7% (P=0.031, P<0.05). Serum albumin (35.4 vs. 33.1 g/L), preprotein (153.2 vs. 125.9 mg/L), and haemoglobin (97.5 vs. 90.6 g/L) in the experimental group were significantly higher than in the control group (P=0.000, 0.016, 0.033, P < 0.05). The days of hospitalization in the ICU of the experimental group were shorter than in the control group (5.2 vs. 7.1, P=0.039, P < 0.05). The difference of hs-CRP, the days of mechanical ventilation, and ICU hospitalization expenses between two groupswerenot statistically significant (P=0.713, 0.068, 0.489, P>0.05). The multidisciplinary nutrition management standardized process for critically ill patients that was constructed in this study can effectively improve nutritional indexes, shorten the length of stay in the ICU, and promote the rehabilitation of patients.
Baseline study on microplastics distribution, polymer composition, size, and shape in the Korean Southwest Sea
Authors: Min Byeongkyu , Jeong Huiho , Ko Uni , Dae Keumhyang , Ju Mijo , Kim Hyunjung , Cho Chonrae , Soh HoYoung , cho hyeon seo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

The microplastics in the surface seawater at 23 fixed points in the southwestern waters of Jeju Island were analyzed to conduct a study on the distribution characteristics of microplastics. The abundance of microplastics was shown to be 0.17 ~ 1.37 (average 0.46) n/L, the materials were mainly PP and PE, and the shape of fragments was dominant in the 0.02–0.3 mm group in terms of sizes and shapes. Alkyd and polyester were dominant in the shape of fibers in the 1.0–5.0 mm group. The correlations between the abundance of microplastics, water temperatures, and salinity were compared and as a result, water temperatures, PE, and the 0.02–0.3 mm size group, and the shape of fragments showed negative correlations. Therefore, it is judged that the for PE, which are in the form of 0.02 ~ 0.3 mm fragments to flow into the study area through the Yellow Sea coastal current and the Korean coastal current that show tendencies of relatively low water temperatures. However, since salinity and PP and polyester showed positive correlations, it is judged the possibility for polyester, which are in the form of 1.0 ~ 5.0 mm fibers, to flow into the study area through the Taiwan warm current and Tsushima warm current. In conclusion, it could be judged that in the complex open waters where continental and oceanic waters intersect, the sources of inflow may be different depending on the components of microplastics.
How urbanization affects residents' health risks: evidence from China
Authors: Wang Feng , Liu Siyu , Chen Tian , Bai Xiaoxuan , Zhang Yifan , Zhang Hao 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

To deeply understand the relationship between urbanization and residents’ health risks, it is significant to continue promoting urbanization. Applying regression analysis of Chinese provincial-level panel data from 2004 to 2019, this study explores the nonlinear relationship and regional differences between urbanization and residents’ health risks by using STIRPAT model from two dimensions of the average number of residents’ visits and population mortality. The results show that: (1) on the whole, there is an N-shaped curve relationship between urbanization and the average number of residents’ visits, and there is a U-shaped curve relationship between urbanization and population mortality. (2) In terms of sub-regions, urbanization has an N-shaped curve relationship with the average number of residents’ visits in eastern, central and western regions, while urbanization has an inverted N-shaped curve relationship with population mortality in eastern region, there is no significant trend between urbanization and population mortality in the central and western regions. (3) In areas with high level of infrastructure, urbanization has significant effects on residents’ health risks, while in areas with low level of infrastructure, urbanization has no significant effect on residents’ health risks. Finally, according to the conclusions, some suggestions are put forward, such as building new-type urbanization, perfecting infrastructure, building green urbanization and promoting national fitness program.
Continuous advance in the onset of vegetation green-up in the Northern Hemisphere, during hiatuses in spring warming
Authors: Shen Miaogen , JIANG Nan , Chen Jin , Yang Wei , Zhu Xiaolin , Wang Xufeng , Peñuelas Josep 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Previous studies have documented substantial advancing trends in the onset date of vegetation green-up (VGD) during the 1980s and 1990s over the Northern Hemisphere, while later studies based on data from the spaceborne Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) have reported this trend stalled during the warming hiatus from the late 1990s to early 2010s. However, there is uncertainty in this finding of a hiatus in VGD advance due to the identification of quality issues associated with the data from AVHRR. Using the high-quality data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, we show VGD significantly advanced despite the warming hiatus due to high sensitivity of VGD to temperature and the magnitude of VGD advance over 2000–2021 (2.5 days decade− 1, P < 0.01) is close to that over 1982–1999 or 1982–2002 with intensive warming, which suggests caution be exercised in the inference of climate warming based on advances in spring phenology.
North-West Europe hottest summer temperatures rising much faster than the mean
Authors: Patterson Matthew 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Europe has seen a rapid increase in the frequency and intensity of hot extremes in recent decades. In this study it is shown, using ERA5 reanalysis data 1960-2021, that the hottest summer days in North-West Europe are warming faster than the mean summer day. The magnitude of the difference in maximum and mean temperature trends cannot be explained by natural variability alone. Worryingly, this trend difference is not captured by comprehensive climate models. The dynamics of conditions leading up to the hottest days are investigated using lagged composite analysis. It is suggested that the difference in maximum and mean trends can be explained by a differential rate of warming between subtropical and mid-latitudes. That is, hot extremes over North-West Europe are often driven by advection of warm air from further south. Subtropical latitudes are warming faster than the mid-latitudes, hence the difference in temperature between ambient mid-latitude air and air advected from lower latitudes, is increasing. These findings suggest that North-West Europe will continue to experience ever more extreme summer temperatures and the findings provide motivation for further research into understanding differences between North Atlantic temperature / circulation trends in models and observations.
Single-cell transcriptomics and deep tissue proteomics reveal distinct tumour microenvironment present in stage-I and II cervical cancer
Authors: Liu Xiaosong , Ni Guoying , Zhang Pingping , Li Hejie , Li Junjie , Sebold Bernardo Cavallazzi , Wu Xiaolian , Chen Guoqiang , Yuan Songhua , Wang Tianfang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Cervical cancer (CC) is the 3rd most common cancer in women and the 4th leading cause of deaths in gynaecological malignancies, yet the exact progression of CC is inconclusive, mainly due to the high complexity the changing tumour microenvironment (TME) at different stages of tumorigenesis. Importantly, a detailed comparative single-cell transcriptomic analysis of tumour microenvironment (TME) of CC patients at different stages is lacking.
Methods
In this study, a total of 42,928 and 29,200 cells isolated from the tumour tissues of stage-I and II CC patients and subjected to single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis. The cell heterogeneity and functions were comparatively investigated using bioinformatic tools. In addition, label-free quantitative mass spectrometry based proteomic analysis was carried out. The proteome profiles of stage-I and II CC patients were compared, and an integrative analysis with the scRNA-seq was performed.
Results
Compared with the stage-I CC (CCI) patients, the immune response relevant signalling pathways were largely suppressed in various immune cells of the stage-II CC (CCII) patients, yet the signalling associated with cell and tissue development was enriched, as well as metabolism for energy production suggested by the upregulation of genes associated with mitochondria. This was consistent with the quantitative proteomic analysis that showed dominance of proteins promoting cell growth and intercellular matrix development in the TME of CCII group. The interferon-α and γ response appeared the most activated pathways in many cell populations of the CCI patients. Several collagens, such as COL12A1, COL5A1, COL4A1 and COL4A2, were found significantly upregulated in the CCII group, suggesting their roles for diagnosing CC progression. A novel transcript AC244205.1 was detected as the most upregulated gene in CCII patients, and its possible mechanistic role CC may be investigated further.
Conclusions
Our study provides important resources for decoding the progression of CC and set the foundation for developing novel approaches for diagnosing CC and tackling the immunosuppressive TME.
Loneliness and depressive symptoms and the influence of social support and self-esteem among men who have sex with men in China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Yuhan , Yang Yuting , Fu Chaowei , Lin Haijiang , Wang Tingting , Wang Shanling , Kuang Jiawen , Chen Xiaoxiao , Wang Jingyi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
While psychosocial problems and their related factors in men who have sex with men (MSM) have been well documented in developed countries, there are still not many studies addressing this issue in China and the results are inconsistent. To describe loneliness and depression among Chinese MSM populations and explore their associated factors, a cross-sectional study was conducted among 655 MSM in Taizhou of Zhejiang Province between April and November, 2021.
Methods
Sociodemographic and psychosocial data were collected, as well as information on risky sexual behaviors. Bivariate logistic regression analyses were used to examine the associations between independent variables and outcomes of loneliness and depression. To assess moderating effects of the factors in the multivariable models for loneliness, interactions between independent variables and depressive symptoms were tested.
Results
Of the MSM sample, 13.28% and 7.48% perceived loneliness and reported moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms. We found that participants who perceived loneliness were more likely to have younger age (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.21, 0.93, 15–32 years as reference group), low social support (OR 3.60, 95% CI 2.14, 6.04), low self-esteem (OR 3.03, 95% CI 1.45, 6.32) and depressive symptoms (OR 5.45, 95% CI 2.66, 11.15). The participants with moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms were more likely to have low self-esteem (OR 6.78, 95% CI 3.08, 14.95) and feelings of loneliness (OR 5.51, 95% CI 2.66, 11.40). The MSM who were young, not married, and had low self-esteem were especially vulnerable to the impact of depressive symptoms on loneliness.
Conclusions
In China, it is significant to implement intervention programs addressing loneliness and negative emotions for MSM, increase community social support, and destigmatize homosexuality.
Fuel characteristics and removal of AAEMs in hydrochars derived from sewage sludge and corn straw
Authors: Guo Shuai , Liu Zhaoyuan , Zhao Deng , Chen Kaixin , Zhao Chenchen , Li Xingcan , Li Guangyu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Co-hydrothermal carbonization (Co-HTC) of sewage sludge (SS) and corn straw (CS) for fuel preparation is a waste treatment method that reduces the pre-treatment cost of solid waste and biomass fuel. Based on the response surface methodology (RSM), a test was designed to prepare SS and CS hydrochars using a hydrothermal high-pressure reactor. The test examined the higher heating value (HHV) and the concentrations of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals (AAEMs) and Cl. The HHV of SS-hydrochar decreased with an increase in reaction temperature, but that of CS-hydrochar increased. The yield of CS-hydrochar was substantially lower than that of SS-hydrochar. Co-hydrochar has the advantages of HHV and acceptable yield. In addition, the stabilities of AAEM and Cl in the co-hydrochar were Mg > Ca > K > Na > Cl. SS and CS had a synergistic effect on dechlorination efficiency (DE), which had a negative effect on the removal efficiency (RE) of Ca and Na. The optimal hydrocharization conditions were a temperature of approximately 246.14°C, a residence time of approximately 90 min, and a mixing ratio of SS–CS of approximately 57.18%. Considering the decreasing abundance of fossil fuels, this study offers a way to utilize SS and CS and convert them into fuel.
Publication rates and quality assessment of abstracts presented at National Education Congresses and Symposia between 2010 and 2014
Authors: Sarı Elif , Chatzioglou Gkionoul Nteli , Aydin Çiğdem Yılmaz , Sarı Ferhat , Tokat Taşkın , Gürses İlke Ali 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The conversion of a study to publishing in international peer-reviewed journals demonstrates both the study's quality and the congress's scientific level. The paper quality scales have been shown to be effective in converting a work presented as a paper into a publication. Abstracts presented at national medical education congresses and symposiums between 2010 and 2014, when the 5-year period required for publication had expired, were reviewed. The papers were assessed using the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument (MERSQI) scale. In international and national peer-reviewed journals, 11.3% (n=51) of all articles were published. The publication rate was 26.6% for oral presentations and 8.1% for poster presentations. Oral presentations had a statistically higher publication rate than poster presentations (p=.000). Of the reports, 85.9% included single-group cross-sectional studies, 7.5% included pre-post-test design studies, and 5.7% included a comparison group. 0.6% were randomized trials. 84.1% of the studies were conducted in a single institution and 15.8% of them included objective data. In 93.9 % of the studies, satisfaction, perception, or opinion outcomes were provided, while knowledge-skill results were examined in 5.7%. For all reports, the lowest MERSQI score was 5 and the highest was 15.5. The mean MERSQI score for poster presentations was 7.61±2.6, for oral presentations it was 8.28±2.46, and for all articles, it was 7.73±2.59.The oral presentations had higher MERSQI mean ratings (p=.032) than poster presentations. The MERSQI mean score of the published papers was 10.07±2.74, and the MERSQI mean score of the unpublished papers was 7.43±2.41 (p=.000).