bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Value of a New Modified HEART Score for Fatal Chest Pain Risk Stratification in Emergency Department
Authors: Zhang Ming , Xu Liang , Yin Yunjie , Jiang Jiandong , Chen Yanchun , Yang Song 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Because of the establish and maintain green channel for patients with acute chest pain, the mortality of fatal chest pain such as myocardial infarction has decreased. There are still some patients with chest pain, such as acute pulmonary embolism(PE) and acute aortic dissection(AAD), which is very easy to miss diagnosis and misdiagnosis. Therefore we establish a new modified HEART score for fatal chest pain risk stratification in emergency department to judge the prognosis of patients.
Methods
There were 541 patients enrolled in Yixing people’s Hospital from November 2018 to June 2020 at Department of Cardiology, Yixing people’s hospital. All patients were detailed medical history, years old, risk factors, hypertension and were detected by blood pressure, ECG, troponin, cardiac function, D-dimer. All patients with chest pain were scored by using HEART score and a new modified HEART score.
Results
A total of 317 patients with non fatal chest pain were divided into low-risk group, medium-risk group and high-risk group according to HEART score and modified HEART score. The results showed that the proportion of three groups were no significant difference. In 224 cases of fatal chest pain patients, according to the HEART score and modified HEART score, they were divided into three groups: low-risk group, medium risk group and high-risk group. The results showed that the proportion of low-risk group was no significant difference. The proportion of patients diagnosed as medium risk group was significant difference(36.16% vs 12.50%, p < 0.05). The proportion of high-risk group was significant difference(57.59% vs 82.59%, p < 0.05). The area under Receiver Operating Characteristic curve(ROC) evaluate new modified HEART score for the prognosis of fatal chest pain. The area under ROC curve of new modified HEART score were 0.975 (95%CI 0.964–0.987, p < 0.001), the best cut-off point was 5 scores, sensitivity and specificity were 90.7% and 93.3%.
Conclusion
Our study demonstrated that a new modified HEART score can effectively and rapidly distinguish fatal chest pain and can play an important role in the prognosis of patients with chest pain in emergency department.
Terminal illeitis and cytotoxic lesion of corpus callous as the presenting features of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: a case report
Authors: Davoodi Marzieh , Pouladfar Gholamreza , Kadivar Mohammad Rahim , Dehghan Alireza , Askarisarvestani Aida , Hamzavi Seyedeh Sedigheh 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a postviral inflammatory vasculopathy characterized by persistent fever, multiorgan dysfunction, significant laboratory markers of inflammation, lack of an alternative diagnosis, and prior SARS-CoV-2 infection or exposure in children and adolescents. The most common early symptoms include a prolonged fever, as well as dermatologic, mucocutaneous, and GI symptoms such abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea.Case presentation We present a pediatric patient with a multisystem inflammatory syndrome with the development of abdominal pain and seizure who was found to have a circumferential wall thickening of the terminal ileum and ileocecal junction in abdominal and pelvic CT, and brain MRI showed cytotoxic lesions of the corpus callosum (CLOCC) that have hypersignal intensity with a few diffusion restrictions in the splenium of the corpus calusom. Conclusion This case is being reported to raise awareness of MIS-C presenting characteristics. Given the rising number of MIS-C patients and a lack of understanding of early diagnostic clinical characteristics and therapy, further research into clinical presentations, treatment, and outcomes is urgently needed.
Real-Time Assessment of Liver Function During Sub-Normothermic Machine Perfusion by a Non-Invasive 13C Based Test
Authors: Leber Bettina , Weber Jennifer , Rohrhofer Lisa , Aigelsreiter Ariane , Niedrist Tobias , Stiegler Philipp , Schemmer Peter 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Assessment of liver quality during machine perfusion (MP) is under intensive investigation. Gold standard methods either are of limited validity or evaluation is time-consuming. Hence, herein we investigate a novel real-time method to estimate liver function during sub-normothermic MP.
Methods
Three healthy porcine livers and one non-allocable human liver were subjected to 24h of SNMP with either Custodiol® or Custodiol MP as perfusate. Additional to liver enzymes, Flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB-1) as well-established markers of liver quality, a novel 13C-Methacetin based method was evaluated. Readouts of ϭ13CO2 plots generated by the 13CORLab Prototype were calculated and compared to established parameters.
Results
The newly established method mirrored the pathological findings as well as the increasing changes in liver enzymes, HMGB-1 and FMN levels bearing the advantage of being a real-time, non-invasive test which is applicable on site.
Conclusion
This novel method is an easy to implement and reliable tool for quick on-site estimation of liver function during liver SNMP.
N-th Nanoframes
Authors: Yoo Sungjae , Lee Jaewon , Hilal Hajir , Jung Insub , Park Woongkyu , Lee Joong Wook , Choi Soobong , Park Sungho 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Herein, we report unprecedented four-dimensional complex nanoparticles by embedding various kinds of three-dimensional polyhedral nanoframes within a single entity. This synthetic strategy is based on the selective deposition of metal atoms on high surface energy facets and subsequent growth into solid platonic nanoparticles, followed by the etching of inner metals, leaving complex nanoframes. Our synthetic routes are rationally designed and executable on-demand with a high structural controllability. Diverse Au solid nanostructures (octahedra, truncated octahedra, cuboctahedra, and cubes) evolved into complex multi-layered nanoframes with different numbers/shapes/sizes of internal nanoframes. We refer to the resulting four-dimensional complex nanoframes as “N-th nanoframes”. After coating the surface of the N-th nanoframes with plasmonically active metal (like Ag), the materials exhibited highly enhanced electromagnetic near-field focusing embedded within the internal complicated rim architecture.
Silver Nanoparticles Decorated Graphene Filled PVDF/PMMA Blends with Advanced electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties
Authors: Khorramshokouh Afifeh , Ramezani Hesam , Sahami Mehdi , SHARIF MEHDI 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this paper, silver nanoparticles decorated reduced graphene oxide (rGO-Ag) nanohybrids were prepared using an environmentally-friendly approach and incorporated as reinforcement in poly(vinylidene fluoride)-poly(methyl methacrylate) blends via melt mixing process. The effect of rGO-Ag nanohybrids was studied on various properties of the blends using different characterization methods. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results confirmed the successful synthesis of rGO-Ag nanohybrids. The mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties of the resulting rGO-Ag filled nanocomposites were investigated using tensile, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and impedance spectroscopy methods. The Halpin-Tsai model also adjusted for PVDF/PMMA/rGO-Ag composites and the results confirmed that this model works well for the prediction of the tensile modulus. Investigation of mechanical properties demonstrated that the presence of rGO-Ag nanohybrids increased the yield strength and elastic modulus of the samples with the addition of only 1 wt % to the chosen blend sample. Impedance spectroscopy test results showed that the addition of rGO-Ag nanohybrids to PVDF/PMMA blend can effectively enhance the conductivity of the blends. Finally, TGA results demonstrated that the addition of rGO-Ag nanohybrids affected the thermal behavior of the samples and increased the thermal stability and degradation temperature of the resulting nanocomposites compared to the base PVDF/PMMA blend.
Evaluation Of Sublethal Toxicity Of Nitrite To A Suite Of Aquatic Organisms In Support Of The Derivation Of A Chronic Environmental Water Quality Benchmark
Authors: Baker Josh , Matheson Graham , Gilron Guy , DeForest David 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Nitrite is a naturally-occurring inorganic compound that occurs in aquatic environments as an intermediary between nitrate and ammonia in the nitrogen cycle. It is a contaminant of potential concern resulting from anthropogenic activities in some cases. While the acute toxicity of nitrite has been characterized in previous studies, its sublethal toxicity is less understood. To determine the sublethal toxicity of nitrite on freshwater organisms, a suite of organisms was tested including: two salmonids (Oncorhynchus mykiss and O. kisutch), an alga (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata), an aquatic macrophyte (Lemna minor), and three invertebrates (Ceriodaphnia dubia, Chironomus dilutus, and Neocloeon triangulifer). Test organisms were exposed to nitrite concentrations ranging between 0.02 and 1.28 mg/L nitrite (NO2-N). The toxicity tests were conducted according to procedures specified in standardized methods, allowing for the estimation of multiple endpoints for each test species. Species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) were generated using endpoints from the toxicity testing results, as well as data from previous studies, from which water chemistry approximated that used in the tests (i.e., < 5 mg/L chloride, an important toxicity-modifying factor for nitrite). The mayfly, N. triangulifer, was the most sensitive species, followed by the two salmonids (which represented the second and third most sensitive species), although they were not as sensitive to nitrite exposure as reported in previous studies. The fifth percentile hazard concentration (HC5) generated from the SSD could be used for derivation of regulatory benchmarks and threshold values for site-specific aquatic risk assessments.
Synthesis and Characterization of Nickel Nanoparticles of Gloriosa Superba and Its Anti-Angiogenic Activity in Cervical Cancer
Authors: S Mrudhulla , Ravi Anjali K , Muthukrishnan Saradhadevi , Shanmugam Velayuthaprabhu , Arumugam Vijaya Anand , Muthukrishnan Arun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide that arises from the transformation of normal cells into tumour cells in a multi-stage process. There is always a stable demand for new therapies to treat cancer. Research communities is showing interest towards nanoparticles along with naturally-derived compounds as they are considered as less toxic compared to chemotherapy and radiation. The present study is to develop a fast, eco-friendly synthesis of Gloriosa superba nickel nanoparticles (GSNiNPs) using methanolic extract of Gloriosa superba tuber which acts as a reducing agent and has an active principle against cancer activity. Nickel nanoparticles are considered as good adsorbents due to their chemical and magnetic properties. The synthesised GSNiNPs were characterized using UV Visible spectroscopy, which showed a prominent peak at 350 nm verified the formation of NiNps by the reduction of bioactive compounds of Gloriosa superba towards metal salts. FTIR confirmed that the GSNiNPs were functionalized with biomolecules. SEM and TEM analysis revealed that GSNiNPs are slightly spherical and agglomerated nanoparticles. The in-vitro cytotoxic activity of Gloriosa superba nickel nanoparticles in HeLa cancer cell lines was analyzed using MTT assay, wound healing assay, DAPI staining and double staining. In vitro anti-angiogenic efficacy of Gloriosa superba-nickel nanoparticles was evaluated via the expression pattern of caspase 3 and 9, VEGF A and VEGF B through reverse transcriptase-PCR. The results revealed that Gloriosa superba nickel nanoparticles possess apoptotic and anti-angiogenic effects in HeLa cell lines by inhibiting VEGF A and B and increasing the levels of caspase 3 and 9. GSNiNPs can act as an effective anti-cancer therapeutic agent for cervical cancer cells. In conclusion, the synthesized GSNiNPs can bring a new approach to improve the bioavailability of drug-responsive for the treatment of cervical cancer.
The Role Of Peak Serum Estradiol Level In The Prevention Of Multiple Pregnancies In Gonadotropin Stimulated Intrauterine Insemination Cycles.
Authors: Bouet Pierre-Emmanuel , Bruand Mariette , Bellaïche Kevin , Vielle Bruno , Legendre Guillaume , Descamps Philippe , Corroenne Romain , May-Panloup Pascale , Hachem Hady El 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The objective was to assess whether the measurement of serum estradiol (E2) level on trigger day in controlled ovarian stimulation with intrauterine insemination (COS-IUI) cycles helps lower the multiple pregnancy (MP) rate. We performed a unicentric observational study. We included all patients who underwent COS-IUI and had a subsequent clinical pregnancy (CP) between 2011 and 2019. Our main outcome measure were the area under Receiver-Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve.We included 455 clinical pregnancies (CP) obtained from 3387 COS-IUI cycles: 418 singletons, 35 twins, and 2 triplets. The CP, MP, and live birth rates were respectively 13.4%, 8.1% and 10.8%. The area under ROC curve for peak serum E2 was 0.60 (0.52-0.69). The mean E2 level was comparable between singletons and MP (260.1±156.1 pg/mL vs 293.0 ±133.4 pg/mL, p=0.21, respectively). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that E2 level was not predictive of MP rate (aOR: 1.13 (0.93-1.37) and 1.06 (0.85-1.32), respectively). Our study shows that, when strict cancelation criteria based on the woman’s age and follicular response on ultrasound are applied, the measurement of peak serum E2 levels does not help reduce the risk of MP in COS-IUI cycles.
Risk Factors Associated With The Adverse Outcome Of Residual Stones After PCNL For Upper Urinary Tract Calculi
Authors: Xie Feng , Deng Shidong , Fei Kuilin , Xu Hanfeng , Zhang Huihui 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The study aims to investigate the risk factors associated with the adverse outcome of residual stones after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for upper urinary tract calculi. 233 patients who underwent PCNL for upper urinary tract calculi and had postoperative residual stones were included. The adverse outcome of residual stones was defined as an increase in postoperative residual stone diameter or the recurrence of stone-related symptoms. The risk factors were analyzed from the patients’ records and the presence or absence of the adverse outcome. The factors examined were gender, age, location of the stone, the maximum diameter of stone, serum creatinine, calcium in blood, urine PH, size of residual stone, urine culture, hypertension, and diabetes. In addition, the difference was examined for stone composition and the type of bacteria in the urine culture. An adverse outcome of residual stones developed in 125 of 233 patients. Univariate analysis showed that the size of postoperative residual stones and positive urine culture were the risk factors for the adverse outcome. The probability of adverse outcome increased by about 1.694 times, when the diameter of residual stones increased by 1mm. The probability of adverse outcome in patients with positive urine culture was about 2.111 times higher than those with negative urine culture. However, other factors analyzed were not related to the adverse outcome of residual stone. In conclusion, longer diameter of residual stones and positive urine culture are risk factors associated with the adverse outcome of residual stones after PCNL for upper urinary tract calculi.
Strain-specific alterations in gut microbiome and host immune responses elicited by Bifidobacterium pseudolongum
Authors: Ma Bing , Gavzy Samuel J. , Saxena Vikas , Song Yang , Piao Wenji , Lwin Hnin Wai , Lakhan Ram , Lyyathurai Jegan , Li Lushen , France Michael , Paluskievicz Christina , WillsonShirkey Marina , Hittle Lauren , Munawwar Arshi , Mongodin Emmanuel F. , Bromberg Jonathan S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: The beneficial effects attributed to Bifidobacterium are thought to arise from their host immunomodulatory capabilities, which are likely to be species- and even strain-specific. However, their strain-specificity in direct and indirect immune modulation remain largely uncharacterized. Results: We have shown that B. pseudolongum UMB-MBP-01, a murine isolate, is capable of suppressing inflammation and reducing fibrosis in vivo. To ascertain the mechanism driving this activity and to determine if it is specific to UMB-MBP-01, we compared it to B. pseudolongum type strain ATCC25526 of porcine origin using a combination of in vitro and in vivo experimentation and comparative genomics approaches. Despite many shared features, we demonstrate that these two strains possess distinct genetic repertoires in carbohydrate assimilation, differential activation signatures and cytokine responses in innate immune cells, and differential effects on lymph node morphology with unique local and systemic leukocyte distribution. Importantly, the administration of each B. pseudolongum strain resulted in major divergence in the structure, composition, and function of gut microbiota. This was accompanied by markedly different changes in intestinal transcriptional activities, suggesting strain-specific modulation of the endogenous gut microbiota as a key to host responses of immune modulation and changes in intestinal B. pseudolongum strains. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated a single probiotic bacterial strain can influence local, regional, and systemic immunity through both innate and adaptive pathways in a strain-specific manner. It highlights the importance to investigate both the endogenous gut microbiome in response to prophylactic supplementation strains and the intestinal responses, and advances our understanding of the mechanisms which drive the strain-specific association between prophylactic Bifidobacterium and health benefit.
The Prevalence and Associated Factors of Anemia among Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy: A prospective study
Authors: Muthanna Fares M.S , Karuppannan Mahmathi , Abdulrahman Egbal , Uitrakul Suriyon , Hassan Bassam Abdul Rasool , Mohammed Ali Haider 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to ascertain the prevalence and factors associated with anemia (hemoglobin [Hb] 12 g/dL) in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Materials and Methods
We conducted a prospective longitudinal study to collect demographic and clinical data on adult breast cancer patients with or without anemia who were admitted to HKL, UMMC, and NCI. The incidence of anemia was determined by detecting whether or not anemia developed during the course of chemotherapy. Mild, moderate, or severe anemia was defined. A chi-square and logistic regression model were used to assess the effect of demographic and clinical factors on the incidence of anemia and multiple logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the associations of potential risk factors with the presence of CRA.
Results
The study enrolled a total of 292 breast cancer patients. Anemia occurred at a rate of 41.1% (n = 120). Our findings indicated that clinical factors such as the number of chemotherapy regimens, dose reduction, and type of chemotherapy e.g. docetaxel, as well as demographic covariates such as age and BMI, all contribute to the incidence of anemia in cancer patients.
Conclusions
According to this study, the prevalence of anemia in breast cancer patients is high. Patients' age, BMI, number of chemotherapy regimens, and docetaxel were risk factors; thus, protocols are needed to identify subgroups of breast cancer likely to benefit from novel management strategies.
Extreme events, trophic chain reactions, and shifts in phenotypic selection
Authors: Layton-Matthews Kate , Vriend Stefan , Grotan Vidar , Loonen Maarten , Sæther Bernt-Erik , Fuglei Eva , Hansen Brage Bremset 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The demographic effects of rapid environmental change and extreme climatic events (ECEs) can cascade across trophic levels, while the potential evolutionary implications have rarely been explored empirically. Here, we show how an ECE in high Arctic Svalbard triggered a trophic chain reaction, affecting overwintering and migratory vertebrates, which eventually induced a shift in density-dependent phenotypic selection in barnacle geese. A record-breaking rain-on-snow event and ice-locked pastures led to reindeer mass starvation and a population crash, followed by a period of low mortality and population recovery. This caused lagged, long-lasting reductions in reindeer carrion numbers and resultant low abundances of the Arctic fox, a scavenger on reindeer and predator of migratory birds. The associated shift in gosling predation rates by Arctic foxes allowed for a rapid increase in barnacle goose population density. As expected from r- and K-selection theory, we show that the goose body condition maximising Malthusian fitness increased with this shift in population density. Thus, the ECE acting directly on the overwintering community indirectly led to selection for larger geese. This high Arctic case study provides rare empirical evidence of links between ECEs, community dynamics and evolution, with implications for how we understand the indirect eco-evolutionary impacts of global change.
Technology matters to cope with unforeseen pandemics: low COVID-19 fatality in countries with high numbers of medical ventilators
Authors: Coccia Mario 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In the presence of global pandemic crisis of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), nations have applied containment policies of varying degree of strictness to mitigate mortality in society, but these non-pharmaceutical interventions have generated a low effectiveness. However, some countries though high levels of infections have experienced lower numbers of COVID-19 related deaths. Why? This exploratory research here analyzes the vital role of technological innovation of medical ventilators to cope with the initial stage of COVID-19 pandemic without specific pharmaceutical treatments (drugs and vaccines). Preliminary results, based on a comparative analysis of a small sample of countries, suggest that countries having a high number of medical ventilators (26.76 per 100,000 inhabitants) have in general a fatality rate lower (1.44% in December 2020) than countries with low average number of medical ventilators (10.38 per 100,000) that have a high fatality rate of 2.46% in the same period. These findings bring us to suggest a strategy of preparedness to cope with future pandemic threats, which focuses on high levels of R&D investments in healthcare sectors to support drug discovery process, new infrastructures and skilled human resources associated with modern technologies in high-tech medical ventilators that really can reduce negative effects of emerging infectious disease when specific drugs lack.