bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Searching for light neutralinos with a displaced vertex at the LHC
Authors: Cottin Giovanna , Helo Juan Carlos , Neill Nicolás A. , Hernández-Pinto Fabián , Wang Zeren Simon 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We study a bino-like light neutralino ($$ {\overset{\sim }{\chi}}_1^0 $$

χ
~

1
0

) produced at the LHC from the decay of a scalar lepton ($$ \tilde{e}_L $$

e
~

L

) through the process pp →$$ \tilde{e}_L $$

e
~

L

→$$ e{\overset{\sim }{\chi}}_1^0 $$
e

χ
~

1
0

in the context of R-parity-violating (RPV) supersymmetry where $$ {\overset{\sim }{\chi}}_1^0 $$

χ
~

1
0

is the lightest supersymmetric particle. For small masses and RPV couplings, the neutralino is naturally long-lived and its decay products can be identified as displaced tracks. Following existing searches, we propose a displaced-vertex search strategy for such a light neutralino with a single RPV coupling switched on, $$ {\lambda}_{111}^{\prime } $$

λ
111
′

, in the mass range 10 GeV ≲ $$ {m}_{{\overset{\sim }{\chi}}_1^0} $$

m

χ
~

1
0

≲ 230 GeV. We perform Monte Carlo simulations and conclude that at the high-luminosity LHC, the proposed search can probe values of $$ {\lambda}_{111}^{\prime } $$

λ
111
′

down to two orders of magnitude smaller than current bounds and up to 40 times smaller than projected limits from monolepton searches.
Automation of antenna subtraction in colour space: gluonic processes
Authors: Chen X. , Gehrmann T. , Glover E. W. N. , Huss A. , Marcoli M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We present the colourful antenna subtraction method, a reformulation of the antenna subtraction scheme for next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) calculations in QCD. The aim of this new approach is to achieve a general and process-independent construction of the subtraction infrastructure at NNLO. We rely on the predictability of the infrared singularity structure of one- and two-loop amplitudes in colour space to generate virtual subtraction terms and, subsequently, we define an automatable procedure to systematically infer the expression of the real subtraction terms, guided by the correspondence between unintegrated and integrated antenna functions. To demonstrate the applicability of the described approach, we compute the full colour NNLO correction to gluonic three-jet production pp(gg) → ggg, in the gluons-only assumption.
The BACE1-generated C-terminal fragment of the neural cell adhesion molecule 2 (NCAM2) promotes BACE1 targeting to Rab11-positive endosomes
Authors: Keable Ryan , Hu Shangfeng , Pfundstein Grant , Kozlova Irina , Su Feifei , Du Ximing , Yang Hongyuan , Gunnersen Jenny , Schachner Melitta , Leshchyns’ka Iryna , Sytnyk Vladimir 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBeta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), also known as β-secretase, is an aspartic protease. The sorting of this enzyme into Rab11-positive recycling endosomes regulates the BACE1-mediated cleavage of its substrates, however, the mechanisms underlying this targeting remain poorly understood. The neural cell adhesion molecule 2 (NCAM2) is a substrate of BACE1. We show that BACE1 cleaves NCAM2 in cultured hippocampal neurons and NCAM2-transfected CHO cells. The C-terminal fragment of NCAM2 that comprises the intracellular domain and a small portion of NCAM2’s extracellular domain, associates with BACE1. This association is not affected in cells with inhibited endocytosis, indicating that the interaction of NCAM2 and BACE1 precedes the targeting of BACE1 from the cell surface to endosomes. In neurons and CHO cells, this fragment and BACE1 co-localize in Rab11-positive endosomes. Overexpression of full-length NCAM2 or a recombinant NCAM2 fragment containing the transmembrane and intracellular domains but lacking the extracellular domain leads to an increase in BACE1 levels in these organelles. In NCAM2-deficient neurons, the levels of BACE1 are increased at the cell surface and reduced in intracellular organelles. These effects are correlated with increased levels of the soluble extracellular domain of BACE1 in the brains of NCAM2-deficient mice, suggesting increased shedding of BACE1 from the cell surface. Of note, shedding of the extracellular domain of Sez6, a protein cleaved exclusively by BACE1, is reduced in NCAM2-deficient animals. These results indicate that the BACE1-generated fragment of NCAM2 regulates BACE1 activity by promoting the targeting of BACE1 to Rab11-positive endosomes.
A plant-based mutant huntingtin model-driven discovery of impaired expression of GTPCH and DHFR
Authors: Hung Chiu-Yueh , Zhu Chuanshu , Kittur Farooqahmed S. , He Maotao , Arning Erland , Zhang Jianhui , Johnson Asia J. , Jawa Gurpreet S. , Thomas Michelle D. , Ding Tomas T. , Xie Jiahua 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPathophysiology associated with Huntington’s disease (HD) has been studied extensively in various cell and animal models since the 1993 discovery of the mutant huntingtin (mHtt) with abnormally expanded polyglutamine (polyQ) tracts as the causative factor. However, the sequence of early pathophysiological events leading to HD still remains elusive. To gain new insights into the early polyQ-induced pathogenic events, we expressed Htt exon1 (Httex1) with a normal (21), or an extended (42 or 63) number of polyQ in tobacco plants. Here, we show that transgenic plants accumulated Httex1 proteins with corresponding polyQ tracts, and mHttex1 induced protein aggregation and affected plant growth, especially root and root hair development, in a polyQ length-dependent manner. Quantitative proteomic analysis of young roots from severely affected Httex1Q63 and unaffected Httex1Q21 plants showed that the most reduced protein by polyQ63 is a GTP cyclohydrolase I (GTPCH) along with many of its related one-carbon (C1) metabolic pathway enzymes. GTPCH is a key enzyme involved in folate biosynthesis in plants and tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) biosynthesis in mammals. Validating studies in 4-week-old R6/2 HD mice expressing a mHttex1 showed reduced levels of GTPCH and dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR, a key folate utilization/alternate BH4 biosynthesis enzyme), and impaired C1 and BH4 metabolism. Our findings from mHttex1 plants and mice reveal impaired expressions of GTPCH and DHFR and may contribute to a better understanding of mHtt-altered C1 and BH4 metabolism, and their roles in the pathogenesis of HD.
AI ethics with Chinese characteristics? Concerns and preferred solutions in Chinese academia
Authors: Zhu Junhua 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSince Chinese scholars are playing an increasingly important role in shaping the national landscape of discussion on AI ethics, understanding their ethical concerns and preferred solutions is essential for global cooperation on governance of AI. This article, therefore, provides the first elaborated analysis on the discourse on AI ethics in Chinese academia, via a systematic literature review. This article has three main objectives. (1) to identify the most discussed ethical issues of AI in Chinese academia and those being left out (the question of “what”); (2) to analyze the solutions proposed and preferred by Chinese scholars (the question of “how”); and (3) to map out whose voices are dominating and whose are in the marginal (the question of “who”). Findings suggest that in terms of short-term implications, Chinese scholars’ concerns over AI resemble predominantly the content of international ethical guidelines. Yet in terms of long-term implications, there are some significant differences needed to be further addressed in a cultural context. Further, among a wide range of solution proposals, Chinese scholars seem to prefer strong-binding regulations to those weak ethical guidelines. In addition, this article also found that the Chinese academic discourse was dominated by male scholars and those who are from elite universities, which arguably is not a unique phenomenon in China.
Systematic review of urological injury during caesarean section and hysterectomy
Authors: Wei Gavin , Harley Frances , O’Callaghan Michael , Adshead James , Hennessey Derek , Kinnear Ned 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction and hypothesis
We aim to review iatrogenic bladder and ureteric injuries sustained during caesarean section and hysterectomy.

Methods
A search of Cochrane, Embase, Medline and grey literature was performed using methods pre-published on PROSPERO. Eligible studies described iatrogenic bladder or ureter injury rates during caesarean section or hysterectomy. The 15 largest studies were included for each procedure sub-type and meta-analyses performed. The primary outcome was injury incidence. Secondary outcomes were risk factors and preventative measures.

Results
Ninety-six eligible studies were identified, representing 1,741,894 women. Amongst women undergoing caesarean section, weighted pooled rates of bladder or ureteric injury per 100,000 procedures were 267 or 9 events respectively. Injury rates during hysterectomy varied by approach and pathological condition. Weighted pooled mean rates for bladder injury were 212–997 events per 100,000 procedures for all approaches (open, vaginal, laparoscopic, laparoscopically assisted vaginal and robot assisted) and all pathological conditions (benign, malignant, any), except for open peripartum hysterectomy (6,279 events) and laparoscopic hysterectomy for malignancy (1,553 events). Similarly, weighted pooled mean rates for ureteric injury were 9–577 events per 100,000 procedures for all hysterectomy approaches and pathologies, except for open peripartum hysterectomy (666 events) and laparoscopic hysterectomy for malignancy (814 events). Surgeon inexperience was the prime risk factor for injury, and improved anatomical knowledge the leading preventative strategy.

Conclusions
Caesarean section and most types of hysterectomy carry low rates of urological injury. Obstetricians and gynaecologists should counsel the patient for her individual risk of injury, prospectively establish risk factors and implement preventative strategies.
Unravelling the pharmacological properties of cryptolepine and its derivatives: a mini-review insight
Authors: Tudu Champa Keeya , Bandyopadhyay Anustup , Kumar Manoj , Radha  , Das Tuyelee , Nandy Samapika , Ghorai Mimosa , Gopalakrishnan Abilash Valsala , Proćków Jarosław , Dey Abhijit 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Cryptolepine (1,5-methyl-10H-indolo[3,2-b]quinoline), an indoloquinoline alkaloid, found in the roots of Cryptolepis sanguinolenta (Lindl.) Schltr (family: Periplocaceae), is associated with the suppression of cancer and protozoal infections. Cryptolepine also exhibits anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-hyperglycemic, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-hypotensive, antipyretic, and antimuscarinic properties. This review of the latest research data can be exploited to create a basis for the discovery of new cryptolepine-based drugs and their analogues in the near future. PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases were searched to select and collect data from the existing literature on cryptolepine and their pharmacological properties. Several in vitro studies have demonstrated the potential of cryptolepine A as an anticancer and antimalarial molecule, which is achieved through inhibiting DNA synthesis and topoisomerase II. This review summarizes the recent developments of cryptolepine pharmacological properties and functional mechanisms, providing information for future research on this natural product.
The Faecal Microbiome of the Wild European Badger Meles meles: A Comparison Against Other Wild Omnivorous Mammals from Across the Globe
Authors: Scott-Baumann James F. , Friedersdorff Jessica C. A. , Villarreal-Ramos Bernardo , King Jonathan , Hopkins Beverley , Pizzey Richard , Rooke David , Hewinson Glyn , Mur Luis A. J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHere we investigate the faecal microbiome of wild European badgers Meles meles using samples collected at post-mortem as part of the All Wales Badger Found Dead study. This is the first published characterisation of the badger microbiome. We initially undertook a sex-matched age comparison between the adult and cub microbiomes, based on sequencing the V3–V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Analysis used the QIIME 2 pipeline utilising DADA2 and the Silva database for taxonomy assignment. Fusobacteria appeared to be more abundant in the microbiomes of the cubs than the adults although no significant difference was seen in alpha or beta diversity between the adult and cub badger microbiomes. Comparisons were also made against other wild, omnivorous, mammals’ faecal microbiomes using publicly available data. Significant differences were seen in both alpha and beta diversity between the microbiomes from different species. As a wildlife species of interest to the disease bovine tuberculosis, knowledge of the faecal microbiome could assist in identification of infected badgers. Our work here suggests that, if comparisons were made between the faeces of bTB infected and non-infected badgers, age may not have a significant impact on the microbiome.
Chlamydia psittaci in Faecal Samples of Feral Pigeons (Columba livia forma urbana) in Urban Areas of Lublin city, Poland
Authors: Kowalczyk Katarzyna , Wójcik-Fatla Angelina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPigeons are a typical host and natural reservoir of Chlamydia psittaci, the etiological agent of avian chlamydiosis, considered as a neglected zoonotic diseases. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of C. psittaci in faecal samples of feral pigeons (Columba livia forma urbana) as a potential source of infection related to the presence of synanthropic birds in urban areas. A total of 143 samples of dry and fresh faeces of feral pigeons, were collected in the city of Lublin (Poland), from April to September 2021. Molecular detection of C. psittaci was performed by nested-PCR and real-time PCR, confirmed by sequencing. Among the collected samples, 5 positive results were obtained in nested-PCR (3.5%), while in real-time PCR, the number of positive samples increased to 11 (7.7%). The positive samples showed 100% identity to the C. psittaci strain AMK (CP047319.1). C. psittaci was found in 7 out of 111 (6.3%) faecal samples collected in public places, and in 4 out of 32 (12.5%) samples from the nesting site (4.9% and 2.8% among a total of 143 samples, respectively). The infection was detected in both dry and fresh faeces (9.1% and 4.5%, respectively). The highest number of positive results was obtained in June—5 (3.5%). Feral pigeons occurring in urban areas are a natural reservoir of C. psittaci posing a potential risk of zoonotic infections. However, further studies on exposure to contaminated pigeon faeces in terms of occupational and non-occupational risk of chlamydiosis are needed.
Two-step Shapley-solidarity value for cooperative games with coalition structure
Authors: Zou Rong , Li Wenzhong , Uetz Marc , Xu Genjiu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes an alternative for the two-step Shapley value for cooperative games with coalition structure that has earlier been proposed by Kamijo. The value is based on the idea that within a union of players, worth should be distributed based on the solidarity principle. Specifically, we propose a two-step Shapley-solidarity value, in which the surplus of a union’s Shapley value in the quotient game is distributed equally among the union’s members, and players obtain the solidarity value of the respective subgame within their union. We provide an intuitive procedural characterization for this value and give three axiomatizations to pinpoint the differences to comparable values.
Iatrogenic nerve injury in primary and revision reverse total shoulder arthroplasty
Authors: Hruby Laura A. , Unterfrauner I. , Casari F. , Kriechling P. , Bouaicha S. , Wieser K. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Iatrogenic nerve injury in orthopedic surgery can impair functional outcomes. During the last years, a steady increase in the number of performed reverse total shoulder arthroplasties has been reported and complications associated with this procedure are continuously described. Neurological complications, however, remain underreported. The aims of this study were to calculate the incidence of iatrogenic nerve injury after primary and revision reverse total shoulder arthroplasty in a large patient cohort, as well as identify associated patient-and surgery-related risk factors.

Materials and methods
A retrospective review of our institution’s internal Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty (RTSA) database from September 2005 to December 2019 was undertaken and 34 patients with iatrogenic nerve injuries were identified, resulting in a neurological complication rate of 2.6%. Group comparisons between patients with nerve injuries (n = 34) and the remaining cohort without nerve injuries (n = 1275) were performed to identify patient- and surgery-related risk factors.

Results
Of the 34 cases with iatrogenic nerve injury, damage to terminal nerve branches occurred in 21 patients, whereas a brachial plexus lesion was diagnosed in the other 13. Nerve revision surgery was necessary in four patients. At final follow-up 13 patients (45%) had residual motor deficits and 17 (59%) had residual sensory deficits. Higher numbers of previous surgeries of the affected shoulder correlated with subsequent nerve injury (p = 0.035). Operative time was significantly longer in patients, who developed a neurologic deficit, showing a correlation between duration of surgery and occurrence of nerve injury (p = 0.013). Patients with neurologic complications were significantly younger than patients without nerve damage (median 68 vs. 72 years, p = 0.017).

Conclusions
In specialists’ hands reverse total shoulder arthroplasty is a rather safe procedure regarding the risk of neurologic injury. However, multiple previous surgeries of the affected shoulder increase the risk of neurological complications. Cases with post-operative neurologic compromise are rare and usually recover well, with few patients suffering long-term functional deficits from iatrogenic nerve injury.

Level of evidence
Level III, retrospective cohort study.
Effect of recovery time on $$\dot{V}{\text{O}}_{2}$$-ON kinetics in humans at the onset of moderate-intensity cycling exercise
Authors: Pogliaghi Silvia , Tam Enrico , Capelli Carlo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPurposeτof the primary phase of$$\dot{V}{\text{O}}_{{2{\text{A}}}}$$V˙O2Akinetics during square-wave, moderate-intensity exercise mirrors that of PCr splitting (τPCr). Pre-exercise [PCr] and the absolute variations of PCr (∆[PCr]) occurring during transient have been suggested to controlτPCr and, in turn, to modulate$$\dot{V}{\text{O}}_{{2{\text{A}}}}$$V˙O2Akinetics. In addition,$$\dot{V}{\text{O}}_{{2{\text{A}}}}$$V˙O2Akinetics may be slower when exercise initiates from a raised metabolic level, i.e., from a less-favorable energetic state. We verified the hypothesis that: (i) pre-exercise [PCr], (ii) pre-exercise metabolic rate, or (iii) ∆[PCr] may affect the kinetics of muscular oxidative metabolism and, therefore,τ.MethodsTo this aim, seven active males (23.0 yy ± 2.3; 1.76 m ± 0.06,$$\dot{V}{\text{O}}_{2\max }$$V˙O2max: 3.32 L min−1 ± 0.67) performed three repetitions of series consisting of six 6-min step exercise transitions of identical workload interspersed with different times of recovery: 30, 60, 90, 120, 300 s.ResultsMono-exponential fitting was applied to breath-by-breath$$\dot{V}{\text{O}}_{{2{\text{A}}}}$$V˙O2A, so thatτwas determined.τdecays as a first-order exponential function of the time of recovery (τ = 109.5 × e(−t/14.0) + 18.9r2 = 0.32) and linearly decreased as a function of the estimated pre-exercise [PCr] (τ = − 1.07 [PCr] + 44.9,r2 = 0.513,P < 0.01); it was unaffected by the estimated ∆[PCr].ConclusionsOur results in vivo do not confirm the positive linear relationship betweenτand pre-exercise [PCr] and ∆[PCr]. Instead,$$\dot{V}{\text{O}}_{{2{\text{A}}}}$$V˙O2Akinetics seems to be influenced by the pre-exercise metabolic rate and the altered intramuscular energetic state.
Biological behavior of familial papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: Spanish multicenter study
Authors: Ríos A. , Rodríguez M. A. , Puñal J. A. , Moreno P. , Mercader E. , Ferrero E. , Ruiz-Pardo J. , Morlán M. A. , Martín J. , Durán-Poveda M. , Bravo J. M. , Casanova D. , Egea M. P. Salvador , Torregrosa N. M. , Exposito-Rodríguez A. , Martínez-Fernández G. , Carrión A. M. , Vidal O. , Herrera F. , Ruiz-Merino G. , Rodríguez J. M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Purpose
Familial papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (FPTMC) can present a more aggressive behavior than the sporadic microcarcinoma. However, few studies have analyzed this situation. The objective is to analyze the recurrence rate of FPTMC and the prognostic factors which determine that recurrence in Spain.

Methods
Spanish multicenter longitudinal analytical observational study was conducted. Patients with FPTMC received treatment with curative intent and presented cure criteria 6 months after treatment. Recurrence rate and disease-free survival (DFS) were analyzed. Two groups were analyzed: group A (no tumor recurrence) vs. group B (tumor recurrence).

Results
Ninety-four patients were analyzed. During a mean follow-up of 73.3 ± 59.3 months, 13 recurrences of FPTMC (13.83%) were detected and mean DFS was 207.9 ± 11.5 months. There were multifocality in 56%, bilateral thyroid involvement in 30%, and vascular invasion in 7.5%; that is to say, they are tumors with histological factors of poor prognosis in a high percentage of cases. The main risk factors for recurrence obtained in the multivariate analysis were the tumor size (OR: 2.574, 95% CI 1.210–5.473; p = 0.014) and the assessment of the risk of recurrence of the American Thyroid Association (ATA), both intermediate risk versus low risk (OR: 125, 95% CI 10.638–1000; p < 0.001) and high risk versus low risk (OR: 45.454, 95% CI 5.405–333.333; p < 0.001).

Conclusion
FPTMC has a recurrence rate higher than sporadic cases. Poor prognosis is mainly associated with the tumor size and the risk of recurrence of the ATA.

Graphical abstract
Reciprocal associations between affective decision-making and mental health in adolescence
Authors: Bentivegna Francesca , Flouri Eirini , Papachristou Efstathios 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPoor affective decision-making has been shown to associate cross-sectionally with poor mental health in clinical populations. However, evidence from general population samples is scarce. Moreover, whether decision-making is prospectively linked to mental health in youth in the general population and whether such associations are reciprocal have yet to be examined. The present study examined bidirectional associations between various aspects of affective decision-making and emotional and behavioural problems at ages 11 and 14 years in 13,366 members of the Millennium Cohort Study. Decision-making (delay aversion, deliberation time, quality of decision-making, risk adjustment, risk-taking) and emotional (emotional symptoms, peer problems) and behavioural (conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention) problems were measured using the Cambridge Gambling Task and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, respectively. Results of cross-lagged panel models adjusted for confounding revealed a negative reciprocal association between hyperactivity and quality of decision-making but also positive reciprocal associations between conduct problems and delay aversion, and between peer problems and deliberation time. Emotional problems and peer problems predicted a decrease in risk-taking, conduct problems predicted an increase in risk-taking, and hyperactivity predicted an increase in delay aversion and deliberation time. Furthermore, hyperactivity and conduct problems predicted less risk adjustment, and risk adjustment predicted fewer peer problems. The results suggest that behavioural problems are prospectively linked to greater risk-taking and lower risk adjustment in adolescence. Moreover, adolescents with behavioural problems tend to make poorer decisions and be more delay-averse, but also poorer quality of decision-making and increased delay aversion are associated with more behavioural problems over time.