bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of RNA modifications in gastric cancer to identify prognosis‐relevant gene signatures
Authors: Chen Qingchuan , Liu Zhouyang , Tan Yuen , Pan Siwei , An Wen , Xu Huimian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundMost human genes have diverse transcript isoforms, which mainly arise from alternative cleavage and polyadenylation (APA) at 3′ ends. N7‐methylguanosine (m7G) is also an essential epigenetic modification at the 5′ end. However, the contribution of these two RNA modifications to the development, prognosis, regulation mechanisms, and drug sensitivity of gastric cancer (GC) is unclear.MethodsThe expression data of 2412 patients were extracted from 12 cohorts and the RNA modification patterns of 20 marker genes were systematically identified into phenotypic clusters using the unsupervised clustering approach. Following that, we developed an RNA modification model (RMscore) to quantify each GC patient's RNA modification index. Finally, we examined the correlation between RMscore and clinical features such as survival outcomes, molecular subtypes identified by the Asian Cancer Research Group (ACRG), posttranscriptional regulation, and chemotherapeutic sensitivity in GC.ResultsThe samples were categorized into two groups on the basis of their RMscore: high and low. The group with a low RMscore had a bad prognosis. Moreover, the low RMscore was associated with KRAS, Hedgehog, EMT, and TGF‐β signaling, whereas a high RMscore was related to abnormal cell cycle signaling pathway activation. The findings also revealed that the RMscore contributes to the regulation of the miRNA‐mRNA network. Drug sensitivity analysis revealed that RMscore is associated with the response to some anticancer drugs.ConclusionsThe RMscore model has the potential to be a useful tool for prognosis prediction in patients with GC. A comprehensive investigation of APA‐RNA and m7G‐RNA modifications may reveal novel insights into the epigenetics of GC and aid in the development of more effective treatment strategies.
Thermodynamic modelling of hydrogen production in sorbent‐enhanced biochar‐direct chemical looping process
Authors: Cheng Long Bill , Kim Jun Young , Ebneyamini Arian , Li Zezhong John , Lim C. Jim , Ellis Naoko 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHydrogen (H2) has been widely considered the clean energy carrier of choice for emerging renewable energy generation technologies. However, H2 is a secondary fuel mainly derived from natural gas. Over the past decades, research on developing H2 production technology that reduces carbon emissions has gained momentum due to increasing atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide (CO2). This study proposed a new sorption‐enhanced (SE) and biochar‐direct (BD) integrated chemical looping system for hydrogen production from biomass gasification, using iron oxide as an oxygen carrier, calcium oxide (CaO) as a CO2 adsorbent, and biochar as a reducing agent. In this study, a thermodynamic model with the proposed sorbent‐enhanced biochar‐direct (SE‐BD) chemical looping hydrogen production (CLHP) process has been developed using an Aspen Plus simulator. The effect of important process parameters, including the reactor temperature, the syngas composition, and the molar feeding ratios of iron oxide/syngas, biochar/syngas, and CaO/syngas on the performance in terms of product gas composition, iron oxide conversion, H2 yield, H2 purity, and reactor heat demand has been evaluated. The simulation results show that the addition of biochar significantly enhances the overall hydrogen yield compared to the conventional CLHP process; whereas the addition of CaO‐sorbent was found to significantly improve the H2 purity. Moreover, the exothermic lime carbonation further reduced the thermal requirements of the process. In addition, this thermodynamic simulation demonstrates that the sorbent‐enhanced biochar‐direct chemical looping hydrogen production (SE‐BD‐CLHP) process can achieve a wide operating window for complete iron oxide (Fe3O4) reduction by adjusting the CaO and biochar feeding ratio.
Electrochemical, EPR, and quantum chemical study of reductive cleavage of cone‐Calix[4]arene nosylates – New electrosynthetic approach
Authors: Liška Alan , Řezanková Markéta , Klíma Jiří , Urban Jiří , Budka Jan , Ludvík Jiří 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe mechanism of electrochemical reduction of a series of six cone‐calix[4]arene‐bis‐nosylates (4‐nitrophenylsulfonate aryl esters) was investigated on mercury electrodes using DC‐polarography and cyclic voltammetry (CV) combined with in situ electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR)‐spectroelectrochemistry in aprotic dimethylformamide. Model compounds – expected fragments and products ‐ were studied for comparison. The experimental results are supported by quantum chemical calculations. All calix[4]arene‐bis‐nosylates are reduced in a first reversible step to bis‐(radical anion) by two simultaneous one‐electron transfers. Each of the two electrons is unpaired and separately localized on two nosylate groups.In the second reduction step next 2×2 electrons are transferred and both sulfonate ester groups are cleaved to two 4‐nitro‐benzenesulfinate ions and a calixarene bis‐phenolate (95%). This electroreductive generation of arylsulfinate anions is a significant finding from the electrosynthetic point of view. Activated arylsulfinates, the synthesis of which is generally difficult, can be easily prepared by electrochemical reduction of the nosyl esters.
Economic and environmental feasibility of photovoltaic solar energy in industrial processes
Authors: Franco Antonio Carlos , da Silva Sa Ravagnani Mauro Antonio , Silva Franco Luciane 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCurrently, one of the world's concerns, including Brazil, is to obtain answers to reduce energy dependence on fossil fuels. Environmental damage and possible scarcity of fossil fuels highlight the generation of clean energy to reduce environmental degradation. In the present article, it is proposed a model to analyze the economic and environmental feasibility of implementing solar photovoltaic systems in an industry. A case study in Brazil was used to test the model. The selected industrial sector chosen for the installation of the photovoltaic system was the parking lot with an estimated area of 187,653 m2. Regarding economic viability, the calculated net present value was $44,730,630.26, the internal rate of return was 14.52% per year, and the payback time was 132 months. The environmental impacts avoided in the use of the photovoltaic solar energy system were analyzed and the amount of carbon dioxide avoided in the atmosphere per kWh generated with the use of this clean energy showed that 25,381 trees would be needed to fix the CO2 that would be emitted into the atmosphere.
Multi‐method collaborative optimization for parallel air cooling lithium‐ion battery pack
Authors: Zhang Furen , Zhang Lin , Lin Aizhen , Wang Pengwei , Liu Peiwen 
Published: May 2022

SummaryIn this paper, the cooling performance of the battery thermal management system (BTMS) was optimized based on the Z‐type parallel air cooling model and the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. Firstly, the effects of the distributed and convergent plenum angle on the cooling performance of the battery pack were analyzed. An air cooling BTMS experimental system was designed to verify the reliability of the CFD method. The results indicated that the DP with an angle had a positive impact on the heat dissipation performance of the BTMS. Next, the DP was divided into eight parts according to the number of batteries, and the angle of each part of DP was optimized respectively. Compared with the original model, the maximum temperature (Tmax) and maximum temperature difference (ΔTmax) of the optimal model were decreased by 3.81 K (7.50%) and 5.64 K (90.97%), respectively. Furthermore, the influence of the length and height of the manifolds on the heat dissipation effect was studied. Then, the cooling performances of the battery pack were optimized by adjusting the widths of the cooling channels and adding a spoiler in the cooling channel. Compared with the initial model, Tmax and ΔTmax of the optimal condition were decreased by 5.37 K (10.57%) and 5.74 K (92.58%), respectively. And the pressure drop was increased by 16.12 Pa, but it was within an acceptable range. Finally, the effects of different wind speeds and discharge rates on the cooling effect were discussed. The proposed thermal management method in this paper would provide a reference for designing a battery air cooling system in the future.Novelty Statement
The cooling performance of the battery thermal management system (BTMS) was optimized based on the Z‐type parallel air cooling model and the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method.
The optimization strategy of discussing DP angle in sections was proposed, which could accurately control the temperature of each battery.
An air‐cooled BTMS experimental system was designed to verify the reliability of the CFD method.
Seasonal study of the nutritional composition of unexploited and low commercial value fish species from the Portuguese coast
Authors: Duarte Ana M. , Silva Frederica , Mendes Susana , Pinto Filipa R. , Barroso Sónia , Silva Elisabete , Neves Ana , Sequeira Vera , Magalhães Maria Filomena , Rebelo Rui , Assis Carlos , Vieira Ana Rita , Gordo Leonel Serrano , Gil Maria Manuel 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTarget species diversification is essential for fisheries sustainability and fish market revitalization. Fish discards are a widely recognized problem resulting from fisheries worldwide, and are of major concern for all sector players, from administrations, to fishermen, and scientists. However, non‐target species are seldom studied, and information on nutritional profiles and seasonal changes in nutritional properties is generally lacking. This study assessed the seasonal nutritional composition of two unexploited (Serranus cabrilla, Capros aper) and three low commercial value fish species (Trachurus picturatus, Spondyliosoma cantharus, and Trigla lyra), captured on the Portuguese coast over 1 year. Significant seasonal variations were observed in the nutritional composition of all the species studied. Moisture and ash contents varied from 70% to 81% and from 5% to 13%, respectively. The maximum fat contents were 5% for C. aper and 4% for T. picturatus, allowing to classify all studied fishes as lean. The highest protein contents were recorded for C. aper (25%) and S. cantharus (20%). The unexploited and low commercial value fish species studied were shown to be good fat and protein sources, comparable to commonly consumed species, such as cod and salmon, having a great potential to become commonly consumed fish in Portugal.
Impact of microencapsulated Ziziphora tenuior essential oil and orange fiber as natural‐functional additives on chemical and microbial qualities of cooked beef sausage
Authors: Aminzare Majid , Hashemi Mohammad , Afshari Asma , Mokhtari Mohammad Hossein , Noori Seyyed Mohammad Ali 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe aim of the current study was to investigate the suitability of Ziziphora tenuior essential oil (ZEO) as a preservative. For this purpose, the effect of free and microencapsulated ZEO, combined with orange fiber, was determined on the chemical and microbial qualities of cooked beef sausage. In this study, modified starch was used for encapsulation of essential oil, and subsequently, 0.5% ZEO and 1% orange fiber were used for preparing cooked beef sausages during 60 days of storage at 4°C. To assess the microbial quality of samples, total viable count (TVC), psychrophilic count (PSY), and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were analyzed. Furthermore, peroxide value (PV) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were tested to examine lipid oxidation. The most components of ZEO were pulegone (47.12%), isomenthone (14.57%), and 1,8‐cineole (12.84%) according to GC–MS analysis. The reducing power, DPPH radical scavenging activity, MIC, and MBC of ZEO were 16.44 (EC50), 8.36 (IC50), 0.625–2.5, and 1.25–5 mg/ml, respectively. Moreover, sausage containing 0.5% microencapsulated ZEO in combination with 1% orange fiber showed the best results with the following values (p ≤ .05): TVC (3.69 log CFU/g), PSY (3.51 log CFU/g), LAB (3.1 log CFU/g), PV (10.41 meq/kg lipid), and TBARS (3.1 mg MDA/kg). This is due to the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of microencapsulated essential oil. Therefore, the results of the present study can be applied in the meat industries as a new natural preservation method.
Late toxicity‐related symptoms and fraction dose affect decision regret among patients receiving adjuvant radiotherapy for head and neck cancer
Authors: Köksal Mümtaz , Saur Leonard , Scafa Davide , R Sarria Gustavo , Leitzen Christina , Schmeel Christopher , Far Frederick , Strieth Sebastian , Giordano Frank A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundDecision regret reflects patient satisfaction with treatment choice and is associated with quality of life. This study aimed to identify patient, tumor, and treatment characteristics and post‐treatment symptoms associated with decision regret among patients with head and neck cancer who underwent surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, patients completed a questionnaire during a telephone interview. The questionnaire included the Decision Regret Scale (DRS) and several specific symptom‐related items. By the time of data collection, all patients had concluded their radiotherapy a minimum of 2 months and maximum of 3.3 years prior.ResultsAmong the 108 patients included, 40.5% reported no regret, 30.1% reported mild regret, and 29.4% reported moderate to strong regret. A higher DRS score was most strongly associated with a lower single fraction dose and more restriction in everyday life. Higher DRS scores were also correlated with trouble speaking, trouble swallowing, pain in irradiated areas, dissatisfaction with one's appearance, feeling sad, and worry over one's future health.ConclusionsBased on these findings, we recommended that patients with head and neck cancer undergoing adjuvant radiation receive psychosocial support and adequate treatment of late toxicity‐related symptoms. When confronted with different therapeutic options, radiotherapy with a higher single fraction dose (i.e., hypofractionation) may be preferred due to its association with lower decision regret.
With warming, spring streamflow peaks are more coupled with vegetation green‐up than snowmelt in the northeastern United States
Authors: Khodaee Mahsa , Hwang Taehee , Ficklin Darren L. , Duncan Jonathan M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn forested watersheds, climate change may have substantial implications for both ecological and hydrological processes by altering the snow and vegetation seasonal dynamics. However, to date, there have been few studies which systematically analysed their combined effects on seasonal streamflow behaviour at the watershed scale. Using long‐term remote‐sensed vegetation data and snowpack measurements, we characterized the long‐term patterns in the timings of green‐up/senescence and subsequent growing season length, as well as snowpack development/disappearance and subsequent snowpack duration. We further investigated the correlations of phenological and snowpack seasonal variations with the cumulative percentiles of daily streamflow over two transition periods: vernal (between snowmelt and green‐up) and autumnal (between senescence and snowpack development) windows. We found growing season significantly lengthened by ~30 days over the last four decades at the study watershed, driven by both earlier green‐up and later senescence. The long‐term snowfall significantly decreased by ~2.4 cm, and the snowpack duration has been shortened by ~25 days, mostly driven by earlier snow disappearance. While there were no significant changes in the lengths of vernal and autumnal windows, the normalized streamflow distributions over the vernal window have widened and the low‐frequency peak flow over the autumnal window has shifted earlier over the study period. Interestingly, although the snow disappearance timing has advanced by ~18 days, there was no evidence of changes in the timing of spring peak discharge. Our results suggest that with long‐term decreases in winter snowfall and snowpack duration, the impacts of snowpack dynamics on seasonal streamflow regimes over the vernal and autumnal windows have weakened. Meanwhile, the seasonal streamflow dynamics are more closely mediated by vegetation green‐up with time. This study emphasizes the importance of understanding the phenological responses to climate change for prediction of future seasonal flow regimes in forested watersheds.
The water table: Its conceptual basis, its measurement and its usefulness as a hydrological variable
Authors: Baird Andy J. , Low Rob G. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe water table, as used routinely by hydrologists in various disciplines, is seemingly a simple concept: it marks the top of the saturated zone in porous media. But closer inspection reveals that much of the theory and practice concerning the water table are less straightforward than is often assumed. We review departures from the classical definition of the water table and consider the following phenomena: perched and inverted water tables, gas bubbles within the “saturated” zone below the water table, and water tables in dual (and multiple) porosity media. We discuss some of the different methods used for measuring the position of the water table, their relative practicalities, and how to avoid measurement errors, such as those associated with hydrological instrument response times. We question whether the water table remains a useful concept, and conclude that it does, citing the examples of groundwater resource management and the water table's use as an indicator of soil aeration. In the concluding discussion, we identify the precautions that can be taken to ensure water tables are appropriately measured and interpreted.
Exploring the feasibility of validating early developmental screening tools for American Indian and Alaska Native children
Authors: Asdigian Nancy L. , Howley Caitlin Trucksess , Sarche Michelle , Clifford Carrie , Miller Amanda K. , Whitesell Nancy Rumbaugh ,   The Tribal Early Childhood Research Center PEDS Community of Learning
Published: May 2022

AbstractScreening children from birth through age 5 is critical to early identification of challenges and referral to intervention to support optimal development. Screening of American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) children lags behind that of other children, partly due to the lack of screening tools validated for this population. This study tested the feasibility of an online data collection strategy for use in a future study of the validity of existing screening instruments for AIAN children. Parents of AIAN children in four communities were recruited to complete screeners, provide demographic information, and provide feedback on experiences with online data collection. Participants were given the option of receiving screening results from the local early childhood program through which they were recruited. 240 participants began the process, 183 were enrolled in a partner program and reported a birthdate for at least one AIAN child, 157 had an age‐eligible child, 81 began the consent process, 62 consented, and 39 fully completed data collection. Most participants were female and AIAN, the majority reported that online data collection was easy. Collecting screener validation data on a large sample of AIAN children may be able to utilize online data collection tools, with in‐person support to facilitate participation.
Drosophila melanogaster as a dynamic in vivo model organism reveals the hidden effects of interactions between microplastic/nanoplastic and heavy metals
Authors: Demir Eşref , Turna Demir Fatma 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPlastic waste in different environments has been constantly transforming into microplastic/nanoplastic (MNPLs). As they may coexist with other contaminants, they may behave as vectors that transport various toxic trace elements, including metals. Because the impact of exposure to such matter on health still remains elusive, the abundant presence of MNPLs has lately become a pressing environmental issue. Researchers have been utilizing Drosophila melanogaster as a dynamic in vivo model in genetic research for some time. The fly has also recently gained wider recognition in toxicology and nanogenotoxicity studies. The use of nanoparticles in numerous medical and consumer products raises serious concern, since many in vitro studies have shown their toxic potential. However, there is rather limited in vivo research into nanomaterial genotoxicity using mice or other mammalians owing to high costs and ethical concerns. In this context, Drosophila, thanks to its genetic tractability, short life span, with its entire life cycle lasting about 10 days, and distinct developmental stages, renders this organism an excellent model in testing toxic effects mediated by MNPLs. This review therefore aims to encourage research entities to employ Drosophila as a model in their nanogenotoxicity experiments focusing on impact of MNPLs at the molecular level.
Betanin alleviates inflammation and ameliorates apoptosis on human oral squamous cancer cells SCC131 and SCC4 through the NF‐κB/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway
Authors: Zou Xuan , Yu Kaitao , Chu Xiaoyang , Yang Lili 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the prime kind of human malignancy with a great mortality ratio and a deprived prognosis due to its high level of relapse and metastasis. Recently reported is that betanin exerts a preventive role and cytotoxic activity on numerous cancer cells. Betanin comprises the betalain group, which is a highly bioavailable antioxidant. However, the precise molecular actions of betanin in the OSCC cells are yet to be elucidated. It may be the first report on the antiproliferative and apoptotic molecular mechanisms of betanin on OSCC. The current study intended to explore the betanin activity and its underlying mechanisms on SCC131 and SCC4 cells. The cytotoxicity assay, intracellular ROS, MMP, cell apoptosis, and inflammatory mediators of betanin activity on SCC131 and SCC4 cells were evaluated by MTT assay, DCFH‐DA, Rh‐123, AO/EB, DAPI, PI, analysis of western blot and RT‐PCR. The upshots indicated that betanin restrains the SCC131 cells proliferation, MMP and inflammation, whereas induces apoptosis via the enhanced ROS level of SCC131 and SCC4 cells in a dose‐dependent mode. Also, betanin‐treated OSCC cells reduce inflammatory and apoptotic signaling pathways. The above‐mentioned results exposed that betanin can inhibit cell viability, MMP, inflammation and enhanced apoptosis via the expression of NF‐κB/PI3K/Akt pathways. Thus, our current findings provided an innovative vision into the protective effect against OSCC.