bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance Evaluation of Ternary Blends of Pulverized Cow Bone Ash and Waste Glass Powder on the Strength Properties of Concrete
Authors: Adetayo Oluwaseun , Umego Okwunna , Amu Olugbenga , Faluyi Feyidamilola , Odetoye Adefunke , Bucknor Anthony 
Published: March 2022

The amounts of agricultural waste in cow bone and industrial waste glass in Nigeria have been expanding significantly, thereby increasing the danger to general wellbeing particularly in urban communities. This research examined the suitability of ternary blends of pulverized cow bone ash and waste glass powder (PCBAWGP) equally combined and partially replaced Portland cement in 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 % percentages in concrete production. Physical and chemical properties were done on the concrete constituent materials. Compressive and tensile strengths of the hardened concrete of grade M20, mix proportion 1:2.17:3.4 were tested after 7, 14, 28, 60 and 90 days. The result of the physical properties uncovered that PCBAWGP had 2.70, 2.05 % and 1364 kg/m3 for specific gravity, moisture content and bulk density, respectively. From the consequences of the compressive strength, it showed that as the curing age of the concrete increases, the compressive strength expanded, the compressive strength outcomes at 10 % PCBAWGP partially replaced concrete is 15.55, 24.15, 19.85, 27.60 and 37.98 N/mm2 individually at 7, 14, 28, 60 and 90 days. At 90 days curing age, the tensile strength results for the control mix and 20 % PCBAWGP replacement was 2.72 and 1.88 N/mm2, respectively. The concrete strengths improved with concrete age and this was statistically affirmed utilizing ANOVA. This investigation showed that utilizing PCBAWGP in concrete is sustainable thereby reducing the dumped wastes and lessen CO2 outflows into the atmosphere by diminishing the extent of Portland cement in unit volume of cement produced.
HIGHLIGHTS

The compressive strength of concrete reduces as % pulverized cow bone ash and waste glass powder PCBAWGP increases. The compressive strength generally increases with increase in age of curing. The minimum and maximum compressive strength of concrete at 10 and 40 % PCBAWGP content for 1:2.17:3.4 concrete mix ratio at 28- and 90-days curing age are 19.85, 37.98 N/mm2 and 15.68, 22.31 N/mm2, respectively
The minimum and maximum tensile strength of concrete at 10 and 40 % PCBAWGP at 28- and 90-days curing age are 1.71, 2.19 N/mm2 and 0.70, 1.55 N/mm, respectively
The result of the water absorption tests at 28 days and 90 days showed that concrete samples containing PCBAWGP built up a superior protection from harm by freezing as their outcomes were less than 7 % recommendation
Concrete containing PCBAWGP contents up to 20 % as partial replacement for cement, fulfills the strength required for normal concrete
From the production comparative cost analysis, concrete with PCBAWGP content, as partial substitution for cement, is cheaper than conventional concrete of equivalent strength

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Correção do sorriso gengival associados a diferentes técnicas da odontologia: relato de caso.
Authors: Werneck Vivian , Albergaria Barbosa José Ricardo de , Athadeu Alessandra , Araújo Reinaldo , Corso da Costa Ana Lúcia dos Santos , Rizzatti-Barbosa Célia  Marisa 
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: Discorrer, através de relato clínico, sobre o tratamento de sorriso gengival utilizando técnicas de Harmonização Facial associadas à Odontologia Oral, bem como demonstrar a possibilidade de atender ao desejo do paciente obtendo um resultado positivo do tratamento. O método utilizado foi um estudo de caso. Detalhamentos de Caso: Paciente do sexo feminino, 28 anos, buscou o tratamento para sorriso gengival e aumento e branqueamento dos dentes. Após frustra-se com outras propostas de tratamento foi sugerido uma intervenção menos invasiva, mas que proporcionaria os resultados esperados sem que a mesma tivesse que se submeter a procedimentos mais invasivos e de alto custo, pois esse era seu maior propósito. Foi realizado então a correção da força muscular com uso da toxina botulínica associando a gengivectomia dos laterais superiores e finalizando com clareamento dental clínico superior e inferior. O resultado apontou que o tratamento do sorriso gengival com o protocolo proposto apresentou um excelente resultado e se manteve dentro das expectativas, tanto financeiras como de resultado, da paciente sem que a mesma tivesse que fazer desgastes dentários e submeter-se a procedimento cirúrgico invasivo. Conclusão: Por se tratarem de procedimentos rápidos, sem sutura, sem dor e de baixo custo, o tratamento para o sorriso gengival utilizando técnicas de Harmonização Facial associada à Odontologia Oral proporcionou à paciente um resultado satisfatório que superou suas expectativas.
A toxina botulínica nos tratamentos estéticos faciais para a feminização - Relato de Caso
Authors: Machado Costa Cieila Caroline , Monteiro Andrea Guion , Albergaria-Barbosa José Ricardo de , Silva Luiz Carlos Foletto da , Rizzatti Barbosa Célia Marisa 
Published: March 2022

Introdução: Os recursos da harmonização facial para suavizar ou evidenciar traços tem sido buscado por homens e mulheres, e, neste contexto, insere-se a feminização, um tratamento para acentuar a definição feminina da face, que ora envolve aspectos forenses, além dos éticos. Para tal, tem-se utilizado a TBA , intervenção minimamente invasiva, no sentido de delinear movimentos expressivos de músculos da face. Os maiores desafios no uso da toxina botulínica do tipo A (TBA) estão relacionados às expectativas do paciente e à escolha de técnicas adequadas, e associações. A força e extensão da musculatura determinam a dose a ser utilizada no tratamento. Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em apresentar um relato de caso com o uso da TBA (Allergan, BOTOX®) como recurso para feminização facial, como uma alternativa na busca de traços naturais da face e elevação da auto estima. Relato de Caso: Paciente do gênero masculino, com 43 anos de idade, apresentava músculos da expressão facial de alta tonicidade, com movimentos e expressões típicos da constituição física masculina. Instituiu-se a intervenção com de toxina botulínica do tipo A, nos pontos musculares estratégicos, que culminaram no delineamento feminino da face. Conclusões: O tratamento com injeção de TBA, além de ter elevado grau de satisfação do paciente, também apresentou baixo índice de complicações ou efeitos colaterais, além de admitir-se como um complemento importante no contexto de visagismo do paciente.
Spatial heterogeneity of 2015–2017 drought intensity in South Africa's winter rainfall zone
Authors: Conradie​​​​​​​ Willem Stefaan , Wolski Piotr , Hewitson Bruce Charles 
Published: March 2022

Abstract. The 2014–2018 drought over South Africa's winter rainfall zone (WRZ) created a critical water crisis which highlighted the region's drought and climate change vulnerability. Consequently, it is imperative to better understand the climatic characteristics of the drought in order to inform regional adaptation to projected climate change. In this paper we investigate the spatio-temporal patterns of drought intensity and the recent rainfall trends, focusing on assessing the consistency of the prevailing conceptual model of drought drivers with observed patterns. For this we use the new spatial subdivision for the region encompassing the WRZ introduced in our companion paper (Conradie et al., 2022). Compared to previous droughts since 1979, the 2014–2018 drought in the WRZ core was characterised by a markedly lower frequency of very wet days (exceeding the climatological 99.5th percentile daily rainfall – including dry days) and of wet months (SPI1>0.5), a sub-seasonal attribute not previously reported. There was considerable variability in the spatial footprint of the drought. Short-term drought began in the south-western core WRZ in spring 2014. The peak intensity gradually spread north-eastward, although a spatially near-uniform peak is seen during mid-2017. The overall drought intensity for the 2015–2017 period transitions radially from most severe in the WRZ core to least severe in the surroundings. During 2014 and 2015, the drought was most severe at those stations receiving the largest proportion of their rainfall from westerly and north-westerly winds; by 2018, those stations receiving the most rain from the south and south-east were most severely impacted. This indicates an evolving set of dynamic drivers associated with distinct rain-bearing synoptic flows. No evidence is found to support the suggestion that the drought was more severe in the mountain catchments of Cape Town's major supply reservoirs than elsewhere in the core nor that rain day frequency trends since 1979 are more negative in this subdomain. Rainfall and rain day trend rates also exhibit some connections to the spatial seasonality structure of the WRZ, although this is weaker than for drought intensity. Caution should be applied in assessing South African rain day trends given their high sensitivity to observed data shortcomings. Our findings suggest an important role for zonally asymmetric dynamics in the region's drought evolution. This analysis demonstrates the utility of the spatial subdivisions proposed in the companion paper by highlighting spatial structure in drought intensity evolution linked to rainfall dynamics.
THE CURRENT STATE OF AGRICULTURAL LENDING IN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Duskaliyev А. , Tyumambayeva А. , Abdeshova А. 
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the research is to identify problems on the basis of theoretical and methodological developments to increase the need for a loan in the agricultural sector of the Republic of Kazakhstan and develop recommendations for their solution.Methodology. In this study, the authors attempted to analyze agricultural lending and identify the factors that influence the success of the industry. The article used methods typical for economic research: an economic statistical method based on data grouping, a comparative method, a tabular method and a generalization method.Originality / value of the research. The research results can be used in the development of programs to expand the financing channels for lending to the agricultural sector, change the mechanism for subsidizing the development of agricultural production.Findings. This article analyzes the available credit resources for the agricultural sector, and also proposes various programs for lending to the agricultural sector from different sources. Problems in the country with regard to lending to the agricultural sector were identified and recommendations were made to reduce and resolve them.
RESEARCH OF THE YOUTH LABOR MARKET IN THE CONTEXT OF A PANDEMIC
Authors: Sabirova R. K. , Karimbaeva G. Zh. , Dzhumaeva A. K. 
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this article is to study the public opinion of the youth of Kazakhstan on the problem of employment, labor market and labor migration, as well as to develop proposals for regulating the youth labor market.Research methodology. On the territory of 14 regions of Kazakhstan and 3 cities of republican signifycance: Nur-Sultan, Almaty and Shymkent, Atyrau city and 7 districts in Atyrau region, a survey of young people on the social well-being of young people aged 18-25 in Kazakhstan, including employment problems, labor market and labor migration was conducted. The survey was attended by young people of the Republic of Kazakhstan aged 18 to 25 years. The total volume of the sample set of studies was 4 000 people.Originality / value of the research. The problems related to the labor market and labor migration of young people of the Republic of Kazakhstan under "COVID-19" have been identified.Findings. The article deals with the issues of the youth labor market in Kazakhstan, youth unemployment and youth labor migration, and based on the results of the survey, recommendations are given on state regulation of the youth labor market. In particular, state support for entrepreneurship in the field of youth employment, digitalization of labor market infrastructure, development of youth professional skills.
RATING EVALUATION OF THE UNIVERSITIES-BUSINESS INTERACTION EFFICIENCY BY REGIONS OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Drakh T. P. , Salzhanova Z. A. , Vitrenko A. 
Published: March 2022

Purpose of the research. The article is devoted to highlighting and analyzing the results of the rating evaluation of the universities-business interaction effectiveness based on the calculation of the integral indicator at the meso-level in the regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan for making further decisions in the development of regional policy in the field of higher education and support for universities in those regions that most effectively interact with the real sector of the economy.Methodology. The study used a methodical approach to the calculation of the integral indicator. Originality / value of the research. This evaluation allows to determine the universities-business interaction effectiveness in the regions objectively on the basis of available statistical data. Findings. The evaluation has made it possible to determine that the leaders of the regional ranking are regions with a high level of educational and scientific potential.
Edith Wharton and the Architect
Authors: Orlando Emily J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
To date, the only scholarly attention paid to the two abandoned Wharton novels called “The Keys of Heaven” has focused on the “Praslin version,” a retelling of a murder-suicide from 1840s Paris. The “Olney-Beecher version” concerns a woman named Catherine Beecher, her would-be lover Jacob Olney, and her husband, a New England architect who sounds a lot like Ogden Codman Jr., with whom Wharton wrote The Decoration of Houses. This overlooked material evidently from the mid-1920s should be of interest to scholars for the potential light it sheds on her writing from the period and on the status of her rift with Codman. The evidence suggests that Wharton's fictional narratives moved from a place where she was writing in “one long shriek” to a space where she could imagine a lover turning the handle of that inner door and crossing the threshold into a room full of treasures awaiting discovery.
Investigation of biomarkers in the anterior chamber aqueous humor and the vitreous body in patients with neovascular glaucoma and diabetes mellitus
Authors: Biletskaya V. A. , Lipatov D. V. , Frolov M. A. , Surguch V. K. , Frolov A. M. 
Published: March 2022

PURPOSE. To study possible biomarkers of proliferative diabetic retinopathy complicated by neovascular glaucoma and hemophthalmos located in the aqueous humor of the anterior chamber of the eye and the vitreous body, and to evaluate their role in the pathogenesis of pathological neovascularization in diabetes mellitus.METHODS. Samples were taken from the anterior chamber aqueous humor of 7 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and operated neovascular glaucoma (Ahmed valve), as well as from the vitreous body of the same patients who underwent vitrectomy after drainage surgery due to long-term total hemophthalmos. The comparison group consisted of patients without diabetes mellitus, who also had aqueous humor samples taken from the anterior chamber of the eye and vitreous. Concentration of markers was assessed by multiplex immune analysis.RESULTS. A significant increase in the levels of selected markers relative to the control group (patients without diabetes mellitus) was found in the aqueous humor of the anterior chamber and the vitreous body. The concentration of some cytokines differed significantly in the experimental and control groups suggesting the possibility of their evaluation for early detection of a more severe course of diabetic retinopathy.CONCLUSION. The obtained results expand the knowledge about the pathogenesis of neovascular glaucoma and confirm the importance of further study of the immunological aspects of pathological neovascularization in diabetes mellitus. This allows us to take a fresh look at the role of biomarkers in the process and indicates their connection with the activation and support of the pathological chain of the process of new vessels formation.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of frequency doubling technology perimetry in the diagnosis of optic neuropathies
Authors: Simakova I. L. , Tikhonovskaya I. A. 
Published: March 2022

PURPOSE. To compare the diagnostic effectiveness of two perimetric threshold strategies with frequency-doubling technology in patients with early primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), the optical form of multiple sclerosis (MS) and papilledema in an open-label comparative clinical study.MATERIAL AND METHODS. The study involved 78 patients (105 eyes) with optic neuropathies (ON). The patients were divided into 3 groups depending on the etiology of optic neuropathy: the first group included 30 patients (46 eyes) with early POAG aged 30 to 65 years (54.9±1.3); the second group included 26 patients (26 eyes) diagnosed with the optic form of MS (an episode of retrobulbar optic neuritis in the medical history) aged 22 to 44 years (33.7±6.5); the third group consisted of 22 patients (33 eyes) aged from 18 to 66 years (35.7±14.9) with papilledema caused in the majority of cases by various brain tumors (25 eyes or 75.7%). The fourth (control) group consisted of 60 healthy individuals (60 eyes) aged 20 to 65 years, who were divided into 2 equal subgroups – younger (24.8±4.4) and older (56.4±3.9).Standard and non-standard perimetry was performed on all subjects during a comprehensive ophthalmic examination using the Humphrey 745i Visual Field Analyzer II (HFA II, «24-2» threshold strategy) (Germany-USA) and the author's own modification of Frequency Doubling Technology (FDT) Perimetry, in the form of 2 threshold strategies: the well-known «FDT-16» and the new «FDT-64».RESULTS. Both the «FDT-16» and the «FDT-64» threshold strategies were more effective in diagnosing glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON), as confirmed by the higher sensitivity of their results to two criteria — the number of identified scotomas (n of scotomas n≥2), and the number of scotoma clusters in patients with POAG (88 and 100%; 95 and 83%, respectively) compared with those in patients with MS (61 and 76%; 85 and 54%, respectively) and papilledema (51 and 78%; 88 and 70%, respectively). The specificity of the «FDT-16» and «FDT-64» threshold strategies was significantly higher than the specificity of Humphrey perimetry (100, 80 and 63%, respectively).CONCLUSION. Both perimetric threshold strategies with frequency-doubling technology were found to be the most effective in detecting GON. This confirms that they are more sensitive in patients with early POAG when compared with the sensitivity in patients with MS and papilledema. The level of specificity of both FDT perimetry strategies far exceeds the level of specificity of Humphrey perimetry data, which indicates the advantage of FDT perimetry in separating healthy people from patients with ON, and not only of glaucoma genesis.
Comparative assessment of the potential impact of chronic herpesvirus infection on intra- and postoperative complications in patients with glaucoma
Authors: Erichev V. P. , Abdullaeva E. H. , Mazurova Yu. V. 
Published: March 2022

PURPOSE. To evaluate the potential impact of herpesvirus infection (carriage) on early postoperative outcomes of antiglaucoma surgeries.MATERIAL AND METHODS. The study included 95 patients with stage I, II and III primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), with indications for surgical treatment. The patients were divided into the main group (group 1, 31 patient) and the control group (group 2, 64 patients). The groups were formed on the basis of information obtained from the anamnesis about a transferred herpes simplex virus of any localization (as a rule, it was labial, oral-facial herpes and its skin manifestation). The indication for surgical treatment was the absence of persistent normalization of intraocular pressure and a decrease in visual functions. Depending on the clinical situation, patients underwent one of the two types of surgical interventions: trabeculectomy and non-penetrating deep sclerectomy. Analysis of postoperative complications was performed on day 7 after surgery.RESULTS. The most frequent complications in the early postoperative period were ciliochoroidal detachment, hyphema, increased intraocular pressure, shallow anterior chamber syndrome, excessive vascularization in the surgery site, clinical signs of conjunctival-scleral and sclerascleral scarring. On day 7 after antiglaucoma surgery, the IOP level was 9.1±0.8 mm Hg on average in the groups. IOP was 1–2 mm Hg higher in case of non-penetrating surgery. In the same patients, normalization of IOP by the same date was obtained in 63.15% of cases, which required goniopuncture; needling was indicated and performed in 84.2% of patients. Ciliochoroidal detachment was diagnosed in both groups with the same frequency: 9.7 and 9.4%, respectively. Presence of minor hyphema was observed only after trabeculectomy, in 16.1 and 10.9% of cases, respectively.CONCLUSION. Results of this study, firstly, do not indicate that HSV activates in response to surgical intervention; secondly, in patients who had been infected with it previously, only a tendency for the number of most common intra- and postoperative complications to increase was noted. The obtained results are insufficient for an unambiguous answer to the question posed in this study, which indicates the need for further research.
Additional professional education of medical doctors and clinical practice results (analytical online study)
Authors: Movsisyan A. B. , Kuroyedov A. V. , Zavadski P. Ch. , Brezhnev A. Yu. , Abdrakhmanova E. S. , Gorodnichy V. V. 
Published: March 2022

PURPOSE. To study the opinion of ophthalmologists about the usefulness of training programs presented on the continuing medical education (CME) web portal, their significance and impact on the process of obtaining knowledge in modern conditions, when the scene is dominated by hybrid forms of education.MATERIAL AND METHODS. This study was multicenter scientific and analytical selective cross-sectional observational in design and was conducted in the period from June to September 2021; it was based on the data obtained by an online survey among Russian ophthalmologists with varying records and/or work experience, employed at institutions of different forms of ownership. The prepared questionnaire included two groups of questions: general statistical data and special questions related to the topic "glaucoma".RESULTS. The study involved 1113 clinically practicing ophthalmologists (88%), with an average medical experience of 18 (0; 50) years, without medical category (35%), and have a polyclinic as their main place of work (77%). According to the survey results, 46% of respondents give a high assessment of the content of educational programs, 35% — negative. When choosing therapeutic and diagnostic tactics, doctors prefer their own clinical experience (36.4%), while the main source of knowledge today is the CME training courses (30.8%). According to respondents, the target level of intraocular pressure is achieved in clinical practice in around 71% of cases, which is facilitated by the comprehensive approach to treatment (47%). At the same time, according to the majority of specialists (71%), only 25% of patients achieve target intraocular pressure.CONCLUSION. Representativeness of the sample is beyond doubt. Registration on the CME web portal, in general, does not depend on work experience, attitude to educational organizations, or place of work. With increase in work experience, there is an increase in the number of positive responses characterizing the information completeness of the CME training courses (from 39.7% to 61.8%). CME programs in the field of glaucoma and comorbid ophthalmic pathologies require adaptation taking into account personal skill levels of ophthalmologists.