bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cells of matter and life – towards understanding the structuring of particles and plankton patchiness in the Arctic fjords
Authors: Trudnowska Emilia , Dragańska-Deja Katarzyna , Sagan Sławomir , Błachowiak-Samołyk Katarzyna 
Published: August 2022

As the environmental conditions are typically not homogenous, especially in coastal regions, they must provide a mosaic of distinct habitats that can be occupied by particles and plankton in a characteristic way. Here we analyze and map the spatio-temporal distribution patterns and the internal structure of 94 patches of various size fractions of particles and plankton studied by fine resolution measurements of two compatible laser counters performed in the upper epipelagial of two Arctic fjords over six summer seasons. Detected patches generally occupied only the minor part of the studied upper water column (on average 12%), and frequently occurred as multi-size-fraction forms. The observed concentrations within the patches were mostly 1.6 times higher than the background concentrations (max 4.1). The patches ranged in size horizontally from 1 to 92 km (median length 12 km) and vertically from 5 to 50 m (median 26 m). Because the designated patches varied in terms of their shapes and internal structure, a novel classification approach to of patches is proposed. Accordingly, seven types of patches were distinguished: Belt, Triangle, Diamond, Flare, Fingers, Flag, and Rosette. The particles and plankton exhibited all types of these distribution patterns, regardless of the size fraction and location. The observed steepening size spectra slopes over years implies that proliferating Atlantic water advection, triggering increasing role of the smallest size fractions, played the crucial role on compositional dynamics on temporal scale. The recurring high concentration patches of particles and plankton near glaciers suggest that their melting, together with biological production, were the strongest factors generating patchiness on the local scale. An observed under several occasions depth differentiation among size fractions building together vertically thin multi-size-fraction patches is an interesting feature for further studies. Even if distribution patterns of particles and plankton did not clearly reflect all patterns in the environmental water structuring, they happened to be related to the presence of glacier runoff, eddy, sea mountain and hot spots of chlorophyll fluorescence.
The essential observations for reconstructing full-depth tidal currents
Authors: Wang Yuzhe , Zhang Yibo , Wang Jianfeng , Lv Xianqing 
Published: August 2022

Based on the modal decomposition and least square method, full-depth tidal currents and corresponding internal tidal modes can be obtained from limited observations. Through a series of experiments based on direct observations at the mooring MP1 and synthetic observations at the moorings MP2 and MP3 in the South China Sea, the essential observations for reconstructing full-depth tidal currents are determined. Both observations in the upper ocean (especially near the thermocline) and deep layer (below 500 m) are essential in the reconstruction. For the upper ocean, an up-looking acoustic Doppler current profiler near the thermocline is generally essential, which can also be replaced by at least 2-4 current meters (CMs). The number of CM depends on the complexity and range of buoyancy frequency variation. For the deep layer, more observations are needed as water depth increases. The observations with the CM interval/water depth ratios about 0.2 can effectively reconstruct full-depth tidal currents below 500 m based on one barotropic mode and first three baroclinic modes. Significantly, the CMs in the middle of the deep layer are more important than those at two ends of the deep layer, which may provide more cost-effective design at a small loss of accuracy. Furthermore, the CMs with the depth interval/water depth ratios less than 1/8 in the deep layer can effectively reconstruct full-depth tidal currents with high-mode baroclinic motions.
Calculation of thermodynamic properties and transport parameters of C6F12O
Authors: Li Dajian , Rao Xiajin , Zhang Xiaoxing , Peng Boya , Pan Shaoming , Huang Wei , Ma Shouxiao 
Published: August 2022

C6F12O has good insulating properties and has the potential to be used as an insulating medium in gas-insulated equipment. Previous researches show that thermodynamic properties and transport parameters can reflect the microscopic properties of plasma and evaluate the physical properties of gas during gas discharge. In this paper, the thermodynamic and transport properties of C6F12O are calculated based on LTE conditions. According to the type of particles participating in the reaction and the thermal parameters, the number density of particles, the thermodynamic properties and transport parameters in the range of 300–30000 K are calculated. The results show that the conductivity of C6F12O is higher than that of CO2 and N2 at lower temperatures, which is consistent with the properties of most electronegative gases. The thermal conductivity of C6F12O has distinct peaks at 3500, 5500 and 16000 K, respectively. The calculation results can provide a data basis for the subsequent calculation of breakdown and interruption characteristics, which is significant to the design and development of gas insulating equipment.
Electroacupuncture for the treatment of frozen shoulder: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Heo Jeong-Weon , Jo Jeong-Hun , Lee Jung-Ju , Kang Hee , Choi Tae-Young , Lee Myeong Soo , Kim Jong-In 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundElectroacupuncture (EA) has reportedly been successful in controlling pain, but there have been no systematic reviews examining the impact of EA on patients with frozen shoulder (FS). The purpose of this review is to provide evidence on the safety and efficacy of EA for pain management in patients with FS.MethodsWe searched 11 databases from their inception: EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, PubMed, AMED, one Chinese medical database, and six Korean medical databases. Two researchers independently performed the study selection, data extraction, and assessment. Bias-related risk was evaluated using the Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool.ResultsThis review included thirteen studies involving 936 patients. The EA group exhibited improvements in FS pain (MD −1.11, 95% CI −1.61 to −0.61, p &lt; 0.0001, I2 = 97%), function (SMD 2.02, 95% CI 0.36–3.69, p &lt; 0.00001, I2 = 97%), and response rates (RR 1.16, 95% CI 1.07–1.25; p = 0.0002; I2 = 0%) over the manual acupuncture (MA) group. As an adjunct treatment, EA improved FS pain (SMD −1.12, 95% CI −1.52 to −0.71, P &lt; 0.00001, I2 = 0) compared to the control treatments. No adverse effects were reported.ConclusionEA is reported to improve FS pain and function compared with control treatments. Additionally, EA can be used as an adjunct therapy for FS pain. EA could emerge as a potent intervention against FS.Systematic review registration[http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021247090], identifier [CRD42021247090]
Case report: Directional infusion of peripheral blood stem cells into the necrotic zone in femoral heads through the medial circumflex femoral artery: A tracing study
Authors: Mao Qiang , Shao Weijie , Lv Shuaijie , Tong Peijian , He Bangjian 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore whether peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) infused through the medial circumflex femoral artery to treat osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) could migrate into the necrotic area of femoral head.MethodsWe collected PBSCs from a patient who had bilateral ONFH by apheresis technique using COBE spectra apheresis system (COBE BCT Inc, Lakewood, CO, USA) after subcutaneous injections of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) at a dosage of 10 μg/kg for 4 days to mobilize PBSCs. After that, 100 MBq 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG) was used to label PBSCs. 18F-FDG labeled PBSCs were infused into the left femoral head via the medial circumflex femoral artery to treat ONFH. Then the patient was underwent three-dimensional positron emission tomography (3D-PET) examination 60 min after cell infusion to monitor the biological distribution of 18F-FDG-labeled PBSCs, and to observe whether the transplanted PBSCs could migrate into the necrotic area of femoral head.ResultsThe total number of monouclear cells in the peripheral blood stem cell suspension was 1.95 × 108 which contained 2.20 × 106 CD34+ cells. The activity of 18F-FDG in the labeled cells was 1.8Bq/103 monouclear cells. 3D-PET imaging showed that 18F-FDG radioactivity was detected in the necrotic area of femoral head, acetabulum and femoral bone marrow cavity after transplantation of 18F-FDG-labeled PBSCs via the medial circumflex femoral artery. It is worth noting that although PBSCs labeled with 18F-FDG were widely distributed around the hip, such as femoral bone marrow cavity, femoral head and acetabulum, PBSCs were generally located in the necrotic area of femoral head.ConclusionsPBSCs could enter into the femoral head and migrate into the necrotic field of femoral head participating in the repair of osteonecrosis after infusion through the medial circumflex femoral artery.
Endoglin and Systemic Sclerosis: A PRISMA-driven systematic review
Authors: Grignaschi Silvia , Sbalchiero Anna , Spinozzi Giuseppe , Palermo Bianca Lucia , Cantarini Claudia , Nardiello Chantal , Cavagna Lorenzo , Olivieri Carla 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundSystemic Sclerosis (SSc) is a rare autoimmune disease whose pathogenesis is still poorly understood. The Transforming Growth Factor β superfamily is considered pivotal and a crucial role has been suggested for the type III receptor, Endoglin (ENG). The aim of this systematic review is to investigate and combine the current clinical and molecular available data, to suggest novel hints for further studies.MethodsWe followed PRISMA guidelines; the search was performed on three databases (MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase) in date November 2nd, 2021. Subsequent to the exclusion of duplicates, we applied as inclusion criteria: 1. focus on the relationship between ENG and SSc; 2. English language. As exclusion criteria: 1. ENG exclusively as a cellular biomarker; 2. no focus on ENG-SSc relationship; 3. review articles and 4. abstracts that did not add novel data. Eligibility was assessed independently by each author to reduce biases. We divided records into clinical and molecular works and subgrouped them by their study features and aim.ResultsWe selected 25 original papers and 10 conference abstracts. Molecular studies included 6 articles and 4 abstracts, whereas clinical studies included 17 articles and 6 abstracts; 2 articles presented both characteristics. Molecular studies were focussed on ENG expression in different cell types, showing an altered ENG expression in SSc-affected cells. Clinical studies mainly suggested that different disease phenotypes can be related to peculiar disregulations in soluble ENG concentrations.DiscussionConcerning the possible limits of our search, boolean operators in our strings might have been uneffective. However, the use of different strings in different databases should have reduced this issue at a minimum. Another bias can be represented by the selection step, in which we excluded many articles based on the role of Endoglin as a histological vascular marker rather than a signaling receptor. We tried to reduce this risk by performing the selection independently by each author and discussing disagreements. Our systematic review pointed out that ENG has a pivotal role in activating different TGFβ-stimulated pathways that can be crucial in SSc pathogenesis and progression.
Characteristics of falls occurring during rehabilitation in an acute care hospital in older and non-older patients: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kinoshita Tokio , Nishimura Yukihide , Umemoto Yasunori , Kawasaki Shinji , Yasuoka Yoshinori , Minami Kohei , Koike Yumi , Tajima Fumihiro 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionAlthough falls are often reported in hospitals and are common in older individuals, no reports on falls during rehabilitation exist. This study evaluated patients with falls occurring during rehabilitation and identified the characteristics of older and non-older patients.Materials and methodsOur study retrospectively analyzed reports of falls occurring during rehabilitation at a university hospital from April 1, 2020 to March 31, 2022. The survey items included the number of falls in the hospital as a whole and during rehabilitation, age, gender, modified Rankin Scale (mRS) before admission and at the time of fall, functional independence measure (FIM) at admission, patient communication status at the time of fall, and whether a therapist was near the patient. Patients aged ≥ 65 were considered older; aged ≤ 64, non-older; and those with the same age, gender, and clinical department, randomly selected as non-falling patients.ResultsThirty-five falls occurred during rehabilitation (14 in the non-older and 21 in the older patients), significantly lower than the 945 for the entire hospital, without any significant difference between non-older and older patients. No significant differences in mRS before admission and FIM at admission were noted for both groups in comparison with the non-falling patient group. Furthermore, gender, mRS, FIM, good communication status, and presence of therapist near the patient were similar between non-older and older patients (non-older 71.4%, older 52.4%). Most falls were minor adverse events that did not require additional treatment.ConclusionThe rate of falls during rehabilitation was much lower than that during hospitalization, and many falls had minimal impact on the patient. It was also difficult to predict falls in daily life and communication situations, and there was no difference in characteristics between the older and non-older groups. Since more than half of the falls occurred during training with the therapist, it is necessary to reconsider the training content.
Sleep alterations following COVID-19 are associated with both neuroinflammation and psychological disorders, although at different times
Authors: Pellitteri Gaia , Surcinelli Andrea , De Martino Maria , Fabris Martina , Janes Francesco , Bax Francesco , Marini Alessandro , Milanic Romina , Piani Antonella , Isola Miriam , Gigli Gian Luigi , Valente Mariarosaria 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionBy the end of 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 rapidly spread all over the world impacting mental health and sleep habits. Insomnia, impaired sleep quality, and circadian rhythm alterations were all observed during the pandemic, especially among healthcare workers and in patients with acute and post-acute COVID-19. Sleep disruption may induce a pro-inflammatory state associated with an impairment of immune system function.ObjectiveWe investigated the relationship between sleep alterations, psychological disorders, and inflammatory blood biomarkers in patients with post-acute COVID-19.MethodsWe enrolled 47 subjects diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia at Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital (Udine, Italy) between March and May 2020. Selected patients were evaluated at 2 months (T1) and 10 months (T2) after discharge. Each time, we collected clinical interviews, neurological examinations, and self-administered questionnaires to assess sleep and life quality, anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Blood biomarkers of endothelial activation, neuroinflammation, and inflammatory cytokines were also measured at each follow-up. Collected variables were analyzed using comparisons between groups and linear regression models.ResultsPrevalence of insomnia increased from 10.6% up to 27.3% after COVID-19. Poor sleep quality was found in 41.5% of patients at both study visits. At T1 follow-up, poor sleepers showed higher levels of neurofilament light chain, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, and interleukin 10; no significant associations were found between sleep quality and psychological disorders. At T2 follow-up, lower sleep quality was associated with higher levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 and interleukin 8, but also with higher scores for anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder.ConclusionOur results suggest an association of poor sleep quality with both psychological disorders and neuroinflammation, although at different times, in previously hospitalized patients with moderate-to-critical COVID-19.
Continuous theta burst stimulation for drug-resistant epilepsy
Authors: Carrette Sofie , Boon Paul , Klooster Debby , Van Dycke Annelies , Carrette Evelien , Miatton Marijke , Raedt Robrecht , Delbeke Jean , Meurs Alfred , Vonck Kristl 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) may have anti-epileptic effects, especially in patients with neocortical lesions. Initial clinical trials demonstrated that the duration of the seizure reducing effect is relatively short-lived. In the context of a chronic condition like epilepsy, theta burst stimulation (TBS) may represent a potential solution in optimizing treatment practicality and durability as it was demonstrated to be associated with longer-lasting after-effects. TBS has been studied extensively in diverse neuropsychiatric conditions, but a therapeutic TBS protocol has not previously been applied in epilepsy patients.Materials and methodsWe performed a prospective open-label pilot study of 4-day accelerated continuous TBS (cTBS) treatment in patients with neocortical drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). A treatment session consisted of 5 cTBS trains, each comprising 600 pulses presented in 50 Hz triplet bursts every 200 ms, delivered at 10-min intertrain-intervals, targeted over the epileptic focus (EF) using a neuronavigation-guided figure-of-8 coil. Safety and feasibility, and seizure frequency were assessed as primary and secondary endpoints, respectively, over a 4-week baseline period, a 1-week treatment period and a 7-week follow-up period, using adverse event logging, electro-encephalography, cognitive, and psychological questionnaires and a seizure diary kept by the patients and/or caregivers.ResultsSeven subjects (4M:3F; median age 48, interquartile ranges 25) underwent the treatment protocol. Adverse events were reported in all subjects but were mild and transient. No clinical or electrographic seizures were evoked during or immediately following stimulation. No deterioration was found in cognition nor in psycho-emotional well-being following treatment. Treatment burden was acceptable, but seems to depend on clinical effect, duration of ongoing effect and stimulation site. Median weekly seizure frequency and ratio of seizure-free weeks did not change significantly in this small patient cohort.ConclusionWe report the results of the first ever trial of cTBS as a treatment for neocortical DRE. A 4-day accelerated cTBS protocol over the EF appears safe and feasible. Although the design and sample size of this open-label pilot study is unfit to reliably identify a therapeutic effect, results encourage further exploration of cTBS as an anti-epileptic treatment and potential optimization compared to conventional rTMS in a dedicated randomized controlled trial. (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02635633).
Measuring the effects of mind wandering in people with insomnia: A driving simulator study
Authors: Xu Lin , Yan Yingying , Dong Hongming , Qiao Dandan , Liu Yanyan , Tian Junfang , Ai Zhu , Xue Rong 
Published: August 2022

PurposeStudies have shown that individuals with insomnia experience more frequent and longer episodes of mind wandering (MW) while driving. However, the effect of the interaction between insomnia and MW on driving behavior is not fully understood. This study aimed to gain deeper insights into the relationships among insomnia, MW, and driving behavior.Patients and methodsForty-two participants (21 diagnosed with insomnia and 21 controls) were recruited, and subjective sleep quality and cognitive function were assessed. A driving simulator experiment with a within-subject design was performed, involving two distraction tasks (no-distraction task versus MW task) and two driving scenarios (lane-keeping versus lane-changing).ResultsIn the lane-keeping scenario, there was no significant between-group difference (people with insomnia and controls) in longitudinal driving performance for the no-distraction task, although the interaction between MW and insomnia significantly increased drivers’ longitudinal control variation. Correlation analysis confirmed that longitudinal driving performance was positively correlated with sleep quality and the cognitive level. Unlike longitudinal driving performance, lateral driving performance was significantly weaker in people with insomnia than in controls under both distraction tasks. In the lane-changing scenario, although there was no between-group difference in driving performance, the MW task led to significant changes in driving performance within each group compared with the no-distraction task, and these findings were associated with cognitive function, but not with sleep quality.ConclusionThese findings show that insomnia and MW combined can lead to reduced driving performance. Further research is needed to elucidate the factors that influence this phenomenon.
Focal non-invasive deep-brain stimulation with temporal interference for the suppression of epileptic biomarkers
Authors: Acerbo Emma , Jegou Aude , Luff Charlotte , Dzialecka Patrycja , Botzanowski Boris , Missey Florian , Ngom Ibrahima , Lagarde Stanislas , Bartolomei Fabrice , Cassara Antonino , Neufeld Esra , Jirsa Viktor , Carron Romain , Grossman Nir , Williamson Adam 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionNeurostimulation applied from deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes is an effective therapeutic intervention in patients suffering from intractable drug-resistant epilepsy when resective surgery is contraindicated or failed. Inhibitory DBS to suppress seizures and associated epileptogenic biomarkers could be performed with high-frequency stimulation (HFS), typically between 100 and 165 Hz, to various deep-seated targets, such as the Mesio-temporal lobe (MTL), which leads to changes in brain rhythms, specifically in the hippocampus. The most prominent alterations concern high-frequency oscillations (HFOs), namely an increase in ripples, a reduction in pathological Fast Ripples (FRs), and a decrease in pathological interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs).Materials and methodsIn the current study, we use Temporal Interference (TI) stimulation to provide a non-invasive DBS (130 Hz) of the MTL, specifically the hippocampus, in both mouse models of epilepsy, and scale the method using human cadavers to demonstrate the potential efficacy in human patients. Simulations for both mice and human heads were performed to calculate the best coordinates to reach the hippocampus.ResultsThis non-invasive DBS increases physiological ripples, and decreases the number of FRs and IEDs in a mouse model of epilepsy. Similarly, we show the inability of 130 Hz transcranial current stimulation (TCS) to achieve similar results. We therefore further demonstrate the translatability to human subjects via measurements of the TI stimulation vs. TCS in human cadavers. Results show a better penetration of TI fields into the human hippocampus as compared with TCS.SignificanceThese results constitute the first proof of the feasibility and efficiency of TI to stimulate at depth an area without impacting the surrounding tissue. The data tend to show the sufficiently focal character of the induced effects and suggest promising therapeutic applications in epilepsy.