bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Why teach about holidays? Elementary teachers' perspectives
Authors: Bauml Michelle 
Published: October 2022

PurposeWith connections to history, culture, and religion, many holidays have potential for inclusion in early grade social studies curriculum. However, opportunities for meaningful content are frequently passed over in favor of holiday crafts that can trivialize content and promote stereotyping, cultural appropriation, and false information. The purpose of this study was to explore teachers' perspectives about holidays in the curriculum.Design/methodology/approachThrough questionnaires and interviews, 20 teachers identified which holidays they address and explained why and how they attend to these special days.FindingsMost often, participants used holidays to teach history, impart values, and make connections to children's lives. Findings suggest that although holidays may provide avenues for transformative social studies, few early grade teachers may recognize this potential.Originality/valueThis study adds to elementary social studies research by promoting scholarly consideration of meaningful holiday lessons as avenues for robust social studies instruction.
Focal hypohidrosis in lesional skin in a probable case of confluent and reticulated papillomatosis: A case report with insight into the pathomechanism of recurrence
Authors: Shimoda‐Komatsu Yurie , Mizukawa Yoshiko , Yamazaki Yoshimi , Ohyama Manabu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractConfluent and reticulated papillomatosis (CRP) is a rare skin disorder that develops in young adults and presents as persistent brown papules and plaques predominantly affecting the intertriginous areas, however, its etiopathogenesis remains elusive. Herein, we report a probable case of CRP with lesional hypohidrosis as detected by sweat test and provide insight into the pathomechanism. A 23‐year‐old man presented with nine‐months history of painful sensation on his trunk without any skin change. The result of sweat test was compatible with acquired idiopathic generalized anhidrosis. Topical heparinoid and physical exercise improved the symptoms. However, he started to notice asymptomatic brownish reticulated macules on the trunk. Intriguingly, focal hypohidrosis, as detected by sweat test was evident on the macules. In histology, the lesional skin demonstrated hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, basal melanosis, mild papillomatosis, and obstruction of the sweat duct in the upper dermis, which were not observed in the peri‐lesional skin. Accumulation of the sweat in the luminal aspect of the secretory portion and dilation of the sweat duct in the deeper dermis was detected in the lesional skin, as highlighted by anti‐dermcidin staining. Aquaporin 5 expression in the secretory portion was more confined to the cell membrane in the lesional skin. Both brownish macules and lesional hypohidrosis simultaneously improved in summer and exacerbated in winter. Literature review found nine reports on recurrent CRP, and obesity was thought to be a major comorbidity in recurrent CRP cases. Obesity is often associated with sweat dysregulation. This, together with the findings in our case, implied the possible contribution of focal sweating abnormality in the pathogenesis of reticulated skin lesion in our case.
Native bacteria and cyanobacteria can influence seedling emergence and growth of native plants used in dryland restoration
Authors: Dadzie Frederick A. , Moles Angela T. , Erickson Todd E. , Slavich Eve , Muñoz‐Rojas Miriam 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Seed‐based ecosystem restoration has huge potential to restore degraded drylands. However, fewer than 10% of directly sown seeds transition to established seedlings. One of the potential factors restricting plant establishment in degraded soils is the low abundance and diversity of native soil micro‐organisms. In this study, we investigated whether returning indigenous bacteria and cyanobacteria consortia to degraded dryland soils improved seedling emergence, survival and growth of native plants.

We inoculated ‘culturable whole soil’ native heterotrophic bacteria and biocrust cyanobacteria individually and as a mixed inoculant into extruded pellets containing Acacia inaequilatera (Fabaceae) and Triodia epactia (Poaceae) seeds. The pellets were planted in an active minefield for 28 weeks and seedling emergence and total biomass of plants were determined.

Cyanobacteria and bacteria inoculants increased the emergence of A. inaequilatera by 55% and 48%, respectively. Seedling emergence in T. epactia was increased by 20% by cyanobacteria but was not increased by bacteria. The only effect of inoculation on seedling survival or mass per surviving seedling in either species was an 11% reduction of the growth of T. epactia seedlings that were inoculated with cyanobacteria.

Synthesis and applications: Our results suggest that the benefit of micro‐organisms on plant establishment is both species specific and life stage specific, with particularly strong benefits in the early stages of recruitment. Our experiment was conducted under shade and with additional water, so a worthwhile future direction would be to quantify the effect of inoculation under unmodified field conditions. It would also be worthwhile monitoring the outcomes for longer than 28 weeks. Since seedling emergence is one of the critical challenges in dryland restoration, our study provides direct evidence in the use of native micro‐organisms to potentially improve seedling emergence in seed‐based dryland restoration.
The subalpine shrub Dasiphora fruticosa alters seasonal and elevational effects on soil microbial diversity and ecosystem functions on the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Wang Xiaosai , Michalet Richard , He Shuang , Wang Xiangtai 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

High‐altitude ecosystems of the Tibetan Plateau are undergoing significant global changes that may stimulate an intense shrub encroachment. The occurrence of shrubs in alpine meadow is commonly thought to alleviating environmental stresses and supporting high diversity which may have important consequences for ecosystem functions. However, few studies have assessed whether and how the role of shrubs interact with season and elevation.

In this study, we explored the effects of the shrub, Dasiphora fruticosa, on microbial (α‐ and β‐) diversity and the consequences for ecosystem functions (multifunctionality and the turnover of functions) at five sites along an elevation gradient and across three seasons on the Tibetan Plateau.

According to linear mixed‐effect models and structural equation modelling, D. fruticosa altered season and elevation effects and tended to increase microbial α‐diversity, soil carbon–nitrogen (C:N) ratio, understorey biomass and leaf dry matter content, which overall increased soil multifunctionality. We also found that indicators of soil multifunctionality were always positively related to fungal α‐diversity, whereas negatively related to bacterial α‐diversity.

Furthermore, the effects of season, elevation, shrub and their interactions on microbial β‐diversity can be explained by temperature, soil water content, pH and understorey biomass, as shown by distance‐based redundancy analysis. Then, we found that D. fruticosa strongly altered the effects of season and elevation on microbial β‐diversity and the turnover of soil C:N ratio, understorey biomass and litter quality, thus influencing ecosystem function turnover.

Our results, thus, provided explicit evidences that Dasiphora fruticosa could alter season and elevation effects on species diversity with important consequences on ecosystem functions, highlighting the crucial role of the shrub in affecting ecosystem functions by creating heterogeneous microbial communities and microenvironments in alpine meadows. Our findings can guide management and improve our knowledge on potential implications of changes in the shrub coverage in alpine meadows.
Nesting of ground‐nesting bees in arable fields is not associated with tillage system per se, but with distance to field edge, crop cover, soil and landscape context
Authors: Tschanz Philippe , Vogel Stefan , Walter Achim , Keller Thomas , Albrecht Matthias 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Ground‐nesting wild bees are crucial for the pollination of wild plants and crops and thus human wellbeing. Arable land currently covers 14 million km2 globally, but little is known about the role of arable fields as potential nesting habitats and how agricultural management, such as tillage system, affects nesting.

We quantified nest density and nesting incidence (plot‐level nest presence/absence) of ground‐nesting bees in 12 conventionally tilled and 13 no‐till winter cereal fields in southwestern Switzerland. In each field, nests were quantified in eight belt transects at increasing distances from field edges within an area of 400 m2, and vegetation cover and soil properties were measured at nest sites and sites without nests.

Nest density ranged from 0 (32% of fields) to 16 nests (mean: 4.0 nests) per 400 m2, corresponding to 0 to 400 nests ha−1 (mean: 101 nests ha−1). Fifteen nesting species were captured.

Nest density was not significantly different between tillage systems. Nest density declined exponentially with distance from the field edge. Nest density and incidence were positively related to proportion of bare ground. Nests occurred across a wide range of soil textures and tended to increase with soil bulk density and sand content. Moreover, nest density tended to increase with the proportion of and proximity to areas under agri‐environment scheme in the surrounding landscape.

Synthesis and applications. Our study shows that arable fields, irrespective of tillage system, are used as nesting sites by various ground‐nesting bee species, including important crop pollinators. The concentration of nests along field edges suggests that incentives to maintain small field sizes and to increase edge density have a great potential to support nesting of ground‐nesting bees in agricultural landscapes. Moreover, measures to reduce crop cover, for example, through increased row spacing, offer a promising way to promote nesting opportunities in arable fields, in particular, if floral‐rich agri‐environment scheme areas are locally available. Further studies are needed to better understand to what extent tilled arable fields are suitable nesting habitats for ground‐nesting bees or whether they act as ecological traps due to the adverse effects of tillage on bee offspring.
The effect of progestin therapy in advanced and recurrent endometrial cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: van Weelden Willem Jan , Birkendahl Philine B. , Lalisang Roy I. , IntHout Joanna , Kruitwagen Roy F. P. M. , Romano Andrea , Pijnenborg Johanna M. A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundFifteen percent of patients with endometrial cancer (EC) have advanced stage disease or develop a recurrence. Progestins have been applied as systemic treatment for decades, but there is limited evidence on response prediction with biomarkers and toxicity.ObjectivesTo review the response and toxicity of progestin therapy and stratify response to progesterone receptor (PR) expression and tumour grade.Search strategyWe used the search terms ‘Endometrial cancer’, ‘Progestins’, ‘Disease progression’, ‘Recurrence’ and related terms in Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane databases.Selection criteriaStudies on patients with advanced stage or recurrent EC treated with progestin monotherapy were included. Studies on adjuvant therapy, with fewer than ten cases and with sarcoma histology were excluded.Data collection and analysisEvaluation for bias was performed with the Revised Cochrane RoB2 tool for randomised studies and the ROBINS‐I tool for non‐randomised studies. A random effects meta‐analysis was performed with the overall response rate (ORR), clinical benefit rate and toxicity as primary outcome measures.Main resultsTwenty‐six studies (1639 patients) were included. The ORR of progestin therapy was 30% (95% CI 25–36), the clinical benefit rate was 52% (95% CI 42–61). In PR‐positive EC, the ORR was 55%, compared with 12% in PR‐negative disease (risk difference 43%, 95% CI 15–71). Severe toxicity occurred in 6.5%.ConclusionsProgestin therapy is a viable treatment option in patients with advanced stage and recurrent EC with low toxicity and high ORR in PR‐positive disease. The role of PR expression in relation to progression‐free survival and overall survival is unclear.
Automated peritoneal dialysis in urgent‐start dialysis ESRD patients: Safety and dialysis adequacy
Authors: Jin Haijiao , Lv Shifan , Wang Ling , Zhang Minfang , Wang Qin , Fang Wei , Lin Xinghui , Che Xiajing , Yan Hao , Yu Zanzhe , Jiang Na , Li Zhenyuan , Che Miaoling , Ding Li , Huang Jiaying , Zhou Yin , Ni Zhaohui 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundRecent evidence suggests that automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) might be a feasible alternative to hemodialysis (HD) in urgent‐start peritoneal dialysis.MethodsThis prospective study enrolled end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) patients who had started APD as an urgent‐start dialysis modality at a single center. Dialysis‐related complications were recorded. Dialysis adequacy and electrolytes imbalance were compared between baseline, 14 and 42 days after catheter insertion. Technique survival and patient survival were also recorded.ResultsA total of 36 patients were included in the study. Mean follow‐up duration was 22 months. During the follow‐up, 11 PD patients (30.6%) developed dialysis‐related complications. Only two patients (5.6%) required re‐insertion and one patients (2.8%) transfer to HD. The 2‐year technique survival rate and patient survival rate were 94.4% and 97.2%, respectively.ConclusionIn considering safety and dialysis adequacy, APD could be a feasible dialysis modality for urgent‐start dialysis in ESRD patients, using a standard procedure.
Using Collective Farming to Improve Farm Structures and Drive Generational Renewal in SpainLe recours à l'agriculture collective pour améliorer les structures agricoles et stimuler le renouvellement générationnel en EspagneKollektive Landwirtschaft zur Verbesserung der landwirtschaftlichen Strukturen und zur Förderung des Generationswechsels in Spanien
Authors: Garcia‐Alvarez‐Coque Jose‐Maria , Piñeiro Veronica 
Published: October 2022

SummaryLand abandonment and the lack of generational renewal in farming are serious issues in European agriculture with social, environmental and economic implications. This article reports on the recent experiences of joint cropland management (JCM) in Spain. These initiatives are based on the grouping of plots to achieve different objectives through social and organisational innovation. JCM involves three types of actor: landowners, cooperatives and the people who cultivate the land, who may or may not be landowners or members of the cooperative. Implementation of this strategy, which is being adopted by an increasing number of agri‐food marketing cooperatives, requires substantial social capital. Therefore, collaboration between public and private actors is needed to generate and transfer knowledge on these initiatives. The Operational Group on Social Innovation in Land Management (GO_InnoLand) was created in 2020 to support JCM processes, which help young farmers who are setting up in the agricultural sector. JCM initiatives could be one way to prevent the abandonment of small‐scale land plots and drive the demographic challenge. Public policies can support this strategy by enhancing social and organisational innovation, facilitating financial instruments, providing technical assistance, improving collaboration networks and linking landholders with new professionals.
Co‐design of a nurse‐led model of care to increase access to medical abortion and contraception in rural and regional general practice: A protocol
Authors: Moulton Jessica E. , Mazza Danielle , Tomnay Jane , Bateson Deborah , Norman Wendy V. , Black Kirsten I. , Subasinghe Asvini K. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractProblemWomen in rural and regional Australia experience a number of barriers to accessing sexual and reproductive health care including lack of local services, high costs and misinformation.SettingNurse‐led task‐sharing models of care for provision of long‐acting reversible contraception (LARC) and early medical abortion (EMA) are one strategy to reduce barriers and improve access to services but have yet to be developed in general practice.Key measures for improvementThrough a co‐design process, we will develop a nurse‐led model of care for LARC and EMA provision that can be delivered through face‐to‐face consultations or via telehealth in rural general practice in Australia.Strategies for changeA co‐design workshop, involving consumers, health professionals (particularly General Practitioners (GPs) and Practice Nurses (PNs)), GP managers and key stakeholders will be conducted to design nurse‐led models of care for LARC and EMA including implant insertion by nurses. The workshop will be informed by the ‘Experience‐Based Co‐Design’ toolkit and involves participants mapping the patient journey for service provision to inform a new model of care.Effects of changeRecommendations from the workshop will inform a nurse‐led model of care for LARC and EMA provision in rural general practice. The model will provide practical guidance for the set‐up and delivery of services.Lessons learntNurses will work to their full scope of practice to increase accessibility of EMA and LARC in rural Australia.
Influence on operative time of immediate skin‐to‐skin care in low‐risk primary cesarean births for breech presentation: Retrospective cohort study
Authors: Cuerva Marcos Javier , Carbonell María , Boria Félix , Gil María Mar , De La Calle María , Bartha José Luis 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundMultiple benefits for both, mother and baby have been reported from immediate skin‐to‐skin care (SSC). The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of SSC on operative time and blood loss in primary cesarean births for breech presentation.MethodsA SSC protocol for cesarean birth was implemented in our institution on February 25, 2019. In this single‐center retrospective cohort study, we compared the outcomes of planned primary cesarean births for breech presentation at term before and after its implementation.ResultsData from 110 women who had a cesarean birth for breech presentation at term were analyzed, 55 in each group. Group 1 were women who had immediate SSC and Group 2 were women without immediate SSC. Maternal and surgical characteristics, and neonatal outcomes were similar in both groups. The mean operative time was 3.22 minutes shorter in the immediate SSC group compared with the not immediate SSC group (37.13 ± 12.27 vs 40.35 ± 12.23 minutes; P = 0.171).ConclusionsIn conclusion, immediate SSC following a low‐risk cesarean birth for breech presentation neither prolongs the operative time nor increases blood loss during the procedure. Although we were unable to demonstrate a significant reduction in the operative time with the immediate SSC protocol, a decrease of 3 minutes was noted.
Working memory and school readiness in preschool children with sickle cell disease compared to demographically matched controls
Authors: Heitzer Andrew M. , Schreiber Jane E. , Yuan Xiaomeng , Wang Fang , Pan Haitao , Graff J. Carolyn , Murphy Laura , Rupff Rebecca , Russell Kathryn , Wang Winfred , Estepp Jeremie H. , Hankins Jane S. , Porter Jerlym S. , Jacola Lisa M. 
Published: October 2022

SummaryChildren diagnosed with sickle cell disease (SCD) are at risk of the development of neurobehavioural problems early in life. Specific impairments in executive function skills, including working memory, have been documented in school‐aged children with SCD. These executive skills are known to strongly contribute to early academic skills and preparedness for entering kindergarten. This study examined working memory and school readiness in preschool children with SCD compared to a healthy control group matched for race, sex and parent education. A total of 84 patients diagnosed with SCD (61.9% haemoglobin [Hb]SS/HbSβ0‐thalassaemia) and 168 controls completed testing. The mean (SD) ages of patients and controls at testing were 4.53 (0.38) and 4.44 (0.65) years respectively. The SCD group performed worse than controls on measures of executive function, working memory and school readiness (p < 0.01; Cohen'sDrange: 0.32–0.39). Measures of working memory were associated with school readiness after accounting for early adaptive development. Multiple linear regression models among patients diagnosed with SCD revealed that college education of the primary caregiver was positively associated with school readiness (p < 0.001) after controlling for sex, genotype, age and early adaptive development. These results highlight the need to implement school readiness interventions in young children diagnosed with SCD emphasising executive function skills.
Clinical and ultrasonic risk factors for high‐volume central lymph node metastasis in cN0 papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: A retrospective study and meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Zhiyuan , Gui Zhiqiang , Wang Zhihong , Huang Jiapeng , He Liang , Dong Wenwu , Zhang Dalin , Zhang Ting , Shao Liang , Shi Jinyuan , Wu Pu , Ji Xiaoyu , Zhang Hao , Sun Wei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivePapillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) comprises more than 50% of all newly detected cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). High‐volume lymph node metastasis (involving >5 lymph nodes) (hv‐LNM) is associated with PTMC recurrence. In half of the clinically node‐negative (cN0) PTMC patients, central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) is pathologically present. However, clinical risk factors for high‐volume CLNM (hv‐CLNM) in cN0 PTMC have not been defined well. Therefore, we aimed to obtain evidence for hv‐CLNM risk factors in cN0 PTMC.DesignData on patients who visited our hospital between January 2020 and December 2021 were collected; a preoperative diagnosis of cN0 and a postoperative pathological confirmation of PTMC were obtained. After filtering by inclusion versus exclusion criteria, the obtained data (N = 2268) were included in the meta‐analysis. Relevant studies published as of 10 April 2022, were identified from the Web of Science, PubMed, WANFANG, and CNKI databases. These eligible studies were included in the meta‐analysis and the association between clinicopathological factors and hv‐CLNM in cN0 PTMC was assessed. SPSS and MetaXL were used for statistical analyses.ResultsThe meta‐analysis included 10 previous studies (11,734 patients) and 2268 patients enroled in our hospital for a total of 14,002 subjects. The results of which suggested that younger age (<40, odds ratio [OR] = 3.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.75–3.92, p < .001 or <45 odds ratio [OR] = 2.93, 95% CI = 2.31–3.72, p < .001), male sex (OR = 2.81, 95% CI = 2.25–3.52, p < .001), tumour size >5 mm (OR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.39–2.47, p < .001), multifocality (OR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.56–2.26, p < .001), extrathyroidal extension (OR = 2.58, 95% CI = 2.02–3.30, p < .001), capsule invasion (OR = 2.02, 95% CI = 1.46–2.78, p < .001), microcalcification (OR = 3.25, 95% CI = 2.42–4.36, p < .001) and rich blood flow (OR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.21–2.25, p = .002) were the significant factors related to an elevated hv‐CLNM risk in cN0 PTMC patients. Hashimoto thyroiditis (OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.55–1.07, p = .114), irregular margin (versus regular margin, OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.68–1.33, p = .787) and hypoechoic (versus nonhypoechoic, OR = 1.27, 95% CI = 0.84–1.92, p = .261) showed no significant association with hv‐CLNM.ConclusionsYounger age, tumour size >5 mm, males, extrathyroidal extension, multifocality, microcalcification, capsular invasion, and rich blood flow were the significant clinicopathological risk factors for hv‐CLNM risk in cN0 PTMC patients. These predictors may compensate for the sensitivity of imaging diagnosis in the preoperative period, thus helping in the effective identification of PTMCs with an invasive phenotype.