bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Flood Conveyance Capacity of Small and Medium-Sized River and Flood Managements
Authors: Ye Lei , Zeng Fanzhang , Jin Sifan , Gu Xuezhi , Guo Jun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Recent years have witnessed great losses caused by floods due to the unknown of rivers’ flood conveyance capacities, which make it difficult for floods management. In particular, flood conveyance capacities of small and medium-sized rivers are usually designed to meet the flood with a return period of 10 years but these rivers have not been paid enough attention. After years of scouring and siltation, the flood conveyance capacities of the rivers are unknown, and flood disasters caused by reservoir discharge are unpredictable. The aim of this research is to set a standardized research process to find out the actual flood conveyance capacities of small and medium-sized rivers. The hydrodynamic model is constructed and calibrated to evaluate the river’s flood conveyance capacity. The design flood data are used to make the simulation, and the flood conveyance capacity of the river channel is evaluated combined with the actual situation of the river. Then with water level observation points settled, the dynamic process of water level of the river channel can be grasped and real-time assessment of flood risk of the river can be done. Taking the downstream of Yingna River, a typical small and medium-sized river flowing into the ocean, as an example, the results showed that this standardized process can provide a reference for the analysis of flood conveyance capacity of small and medium-sized rivers.
Application of Transumbilical Paring &amp; Retrieving Techniques in Laparoscopic Myomectomy
Authors: Kong Wei , Xiong Guangwu , Guo Peng , Li Xue , Shen Li , Yang Li , Xu Huicheng , Wang Jingbo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
To investigate the safety and effectiveness of Transumbilical Paring & Retrieving Techniques(TPRT) in conventional laparoscopic surgery(CLS).
Methods
From July 2020 and October 2021, referring to the establishment and repair technology of transumbilical laparoendoscopic single site surgery (TU-LESS), TPRT was applied in 111 cases of conventional laparoscopic myomectomy. The operation procedures include ordinary laparoscopic myomectomy and uterine suture, placing the endoscopic bag, bagging tumor, producing the umbilical incision, paring and retrieving tumor and repairing the umbilical incision. Under direct vision, The tumor in the specimen bag was removed by clamping, pulling and reducing through the umbilical incision.
Results
All operations were completed successfully. the average number of leiomyomas removed was 1.94 (range, 1–11). The mean tumor weight was 155.45g (range, 40–665). The mean total time of tumor removal process from placing the endoscopic bag and repairing the umbilical incision was 12.60min (range, 6–28). The mean VAS scores evaluated 1 day postoperatively was 2.59(range, 1–4). Most pathology revealed benign leiomyoma. No malignancy occurred in any of the cases. A total of 111 cases were followed up through outpatient visits or by telephone, and the average follow-up time was 7.55months (range, 1–16).The umbilical incisions healed well, and there were no complaints of umbilical discomfort.
Conclusion
Transumbilical Paring & Retrieving Techniques is safe, time saving, cost-efficient, and easy to learn.
Protective Effect of Cichorium Intybus Root Extract and Esculetin on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Pain and Inflammation in Male Mice: A Potential Role for Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Interleukin-1β
Authors: Taleghani Behrooz Khakpour , Rasouli Aria Haji , Rostampour Mohammad , Ch Mojtaba Hedayati , Abedinzade Mahmood , Rohampour Kambiz , Ansar Malek Moien 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been widely used in animal modeling of inflammation-induced hyperalgesia. Proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β) are involved in the pathogenesis of pain. Cichorium intybus (CI) contains many compounds which inhibit inflammatory mediators. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of CI root hydro-alcoholic extract (CE) and Esculetin (ESC) - a bioactive coumarin compound of CI- on LPS-induced pain and inflammation in male mice. CE constituents were evaluated by GC-MS. Two different concentration of CE (300 and 500 mg/kg/p.o.) and ESC (40 mg/kg/i.p.,o.) were used for experiments. Drugs were administered once daily for 7 days. On day 7, LPS (0.83 mg/kg/i.p.) was injected 30 min after the last drug administration. Blood samples were collected 90 min after LPS injection. Hot plate and formalin tests were performed 24 hours after LPS injection. Serum TNF-α and IL-1β levels were measured using ELISA. LPS significantly increased the response time of animals in hot plate and both phases of formalin tests. CE (300 and 500 mg/kg/p.o.) significantly reduced the response time in comparison with the LPS group in hot plate and both phases of formalin tests. CE (500 mg/kg/p.o.) reduced serum TNF-α and IL-1β levels. Esculetin increased the response time in hot plate and the second phase of formalin test compared to the LPS group and also decreased IL-1β level, significantly. Our results demonstrated that CE exhibited anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects better than esculetin. The probable mechanism of anti-hyperalgesic effect of CE is related to inhibition of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α.
Elevated Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance During Early Midpregnancy Predicts Higher Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: a Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Tu Menghan , Sun Guoqiang , Wu Meng , Cao Xiyu , Zhang Xu , Tan Tianqi , Zhong Chunrong , Huang Li , Chen Renjuan , Zhou Xuezhen , Li Qian , Chen Xi , Lin Lixia , Yang Sen , Xiong Guoping , Yang Xuefeng , Hao Liping , Yang Nianhong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the clinical implication of metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) during early midpregnancy on subsequent risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Chinese women.Methods: A total of 1747 pregnant women without pre-existing diabetes from the Tongji Maternal and Child Health Cohort (TMCHC) were included in this analysis. Blood glucose and lipid profiles (triglyceride [TG], total cholesterol [TC], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C] and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C]) were measured during 15-19 weeks and 75-g 2-h oral glucose tolerance test was conducted during 24-28 weeks to diagnose GDM. METS-IR was calculated by a modified formula which originally as follows: Ln(2×FPG[mg/dl]+TG[mg/dl])×BMI[kg/m2] /Ln(HDL-C[mg/dl]).Results: The median (interquartile range) of age was 28 (26-30) years, and 19.7% of them were underweight and 11.7% were overweight/obese before pregnancy. The overall incidence of GDM was 9.4% and median (interquartile range) of METS-IR was 27.36 (24.57-31.07). The median METS-IR was significantly increased with the increasing pre-pregnancy BMI categories (22.92 vs 27.72 vs 35.55, P＜0.001). Based on quartiles of METS-IR in women with normal pre-pregnancy BMI, participants were classified into 4 groups. Compared with women in the lowest quartile of METS-IR (＜25.52) , the adjusted RRs (95% CIs) of GDM were 2.15 (1.23-3.74), 1.34 (0.72-2.49), and 3.63 (2.22-5.95) for women in quartile 2 (25.52-27.71), quartile 3 (27.72-30.39) and quartile 4 (≥30.40) after adjusting potential confounds. In addition, a significant increase risk of GDM (adjusted RR [95% CI]: 2.55 [1.83-3.55]) was found in women within the highest quartile of METS-IR (≥30.40) compared to the other 3 lower quartiles (＜30.40).Conclusions: Women with METS-IR (≥30.40) during early midpregnancy were more likely to develop GDM, thus the index might be a reliable early indicator for identifying women at high risk of GDM.
Influence of Vibrotactile Random Noise on the Smoothness of the Grasp Movement in Patients With Chemotherapy-induced Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Osumi Michihiro , Sumitani Masahiko , Otake Yuko , Nishi Yuki , Nobusako Satoshi , Morioka Shu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
[Purpose] Patients with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) often suffer from sensorimotor dysfunction of the distal portion of the extremities (e.g., loss of somatosensory sensation, numbness/tingling, difficulty typing on a keyboard, or difficulty undoing or doing up a button). The present study aimed to reveal the effects of subthreshold vibrotactile random noise stimulation on sensorimotor dysfunction in CIPN patients without exacerbating symptoms. [Methods] Twenty-five patients with CIPN and 28 age-matched healthy adults participated in this study. To reveal the effects of subthreshold vibrotactile random noise stimulation on sensorimotor function, participants were asked to perform grasp movement tasks during random noise stimulation delivered to the volar and dorsal wrist. We set three intensity conditions of the vibrotactile random noise: 0%, 60%, and 120% of the sensory threshold (Noise 0%, Noise 60%, and Noise 120% conditions). In the grasp movement task, the distance between the thumb and index finger was recorded while the participant attempted to grasp a target object, and the smoothness of the grasp movement was quantified by calculating normalized jerk in each experimental condition. The experimental data were compared using two-way repeated-measures analyses of variance with two binary factors: experimental condition (Noise 0%, 60%, 120%) × group (Healthy controls, CIPN patients).[Results] The smoothness of the grasp movement was only improved in the Noise 60% condition without exacerbating numbness/tingling in CIPN patients and healthy controls. [Conclusion] The current study suggested that the development of treatment devices using stochastic resonance can improve sensorimotor function for CIPN patients.[Trial registration] UMIN Clinical Trials Registry（UMIN-CTR）No. UMIN000024776https://rctportal.niph.go.jp/s/detail/um?trial_id=UMIN000024776#
Patient perceptions of decision-making and quality-of-life following surgical resection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma: A mixed methods study
Authors: Bleicher Josh , Place Aubrey , Harris Alex H.S. , Scaife Courtney L , Huang Lyen C 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
PURPOSE: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a highly lethal disease. Surgery represents the only opportunity for cure, but is accompanied by high rates of morbidity. Understanding patients’ lived experiences after surgical resection of PDAC is critical to knowing whether the decision to undergo surgery was worth it for these patients.METHODS: We performed a convergent, mixed-methods study with patients who underwent resection of PDAC between 01/01/2019-08/01/2020. Quantitative data (medical record review and 3 questionnaires) were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data (semi-structured interviews) were analyzed using the constant comparative method. Data were then compared for congruence.RESULTS: 18/22 eligible participants completed interviews and 11 completed questionnaires. Data collection occurred at a median of 14.2 months (IQR 11.6-16.3) from surgery. We identified 4 main themes. First, persistent negative symptoms were common for patients, but patients adapt to these and are satisfied with their “new normal.” Second, patients have varied and continually evolving mindsets throughout their cancer journey. Third, despite decreased quality-of-life, patients have a high degree of satisfaction with their decision to pursue surgery. Finally, patients were okay with a passive role in decision-making around surgery. Despite variable involvement in decision-making and outcomes, no participants reported regret over the decision to pursue surgery. CONCLUSION: This nuanced account of patients’ lived experiences following surgery for PDAC allows for an improved understanding of the impact of pancreatic resection on patients. Surgeons can use this data to improve preoperative counselling for patients with PDAC and help guide them to making the correct decisions about surgery.
Hemispherical Solar Distiller with Truncated Circular Cone-Shaped Reflector Mirrors ( TCC-RM) : Optimum inclination of Reflector Mirrors
Authors: Attia Mohammed El Hadi , kabeel abd elnaby , Elbar Ayman Refat Abd , Abdelgaied Mohamed , abdallah Abd elkader 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The present study aims to achieve the highest cumulative yield of the hemispherical distillers, by designing and constructing new reflector mirrors, which are truncated circular cone-shaped reflector mirrors (TCC-RM). To obtain the optimum inclination of TCC-RM that achieves a highest hemispherical distiller’s performance, eight inclination angles (10o, 15o, 20o, 25o, 30o, 35o, 40o and 45o with vertical) was experimentally studied. To achieve this, a series of experimental tests were carried out on the three hemispherical solar distillers, the first represents the reference distiller (traditional hemispherical solar distiller- THSD) and the other two devices are the hemispherical solar distiller with truncated circular cone-shaped reflector mirrors (HSD-TCCRM) with different inclination angles. The experimental results indicate that utilizing TCC-RM with a 25o inclination angle achieves the maximum cumulative yield of 8.35 L/m2 with an improvement of 42.74% compared to THSD. While the utilization of TCC-RM with the inclination angles by 30o, 35o, 20o, 40o, and 15o achieves the cumulative yield of 7.9, 7.3, 7.05, 6.67, 6.6 L/m2 compared with 5.85 L/m2 for THSD. On the contrary, adjusting the inclination angle of TCC-RM at 10o, and 45o affects negatively the cumulative yield of the HSD with TCC-RM in comparison with THSD. Based on the data of cumulative yield, daily efficiency, and the economic analysis it’s recommended to utilize TCC-RM with a 25o inclination angle to achieve the highest performance and minimum distillate cost of hemispherical solar distillers.
Discovery of anti-Formin-like 1 Protein (FMNL1) antibodies in proteinuric nephropathies
Authors: Bruschi Maurizio , Cavalli Andrea , Moll Solange , Candiano Giovanni , Scapozza Leonardo , Patel Jigar J. , Tan John C. , Lo Ken C. , Angeletti Andrea , Ghiggeri Gian Marco , Prunotto Marco 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Membranous nephropathy (MN) is determined by deposition of autoantibodies targeting glomerular podoyctes antigens. MN progression to renal failure remains a central issue: antibodies modifying the inflammatory course after the first antibody hit may be involved. We investigated sera of MN patient using a high-density peptide array covering the whole coding sequences of the human genome encompassing 7,499,126 tiled peptides. A panel of 258 proteins reactive with MN sera were identified. We focused on Formin-like 1 (FMNL1) protein expressed by macrophages. High levels of anti-FMNL1 IgG4 were demonstrated in sera of MN patient with orthogonal methodologies (ELISA) and were observed co-staining with CD68 in glomeruli. High levels of circulating anti-FMNL1 IgG4 were associated with lack of remission of proteinuria, strengthening the concept that, autoantibodies directed to cells of the tissue repair, might have a definite role in determining the disease outcome. High serum levels of anti-FMNL1 IgGs were also observed in other non-autoimmune glomerolonephrites, ie. idiopathic and genetic FSGS, IgAGN, stressing the non-specificity for MN and suggesting their involvement in glomerular conditions affecting many patients worldwide.
Early Predictors of Functional Outcome in Poor-Grade Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Authors: de Winkel Jordi , Cras Tim Y. , Dammers Ruben , Doormaal Pieter-Jan van , Jagt Mathieu van der , Dippel Diederik W.J. , Lingsma Hester F. , Roozenbeek Bob 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND
Patients with poor-grade aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) often receive delayed or no aneurysm treatment, although recent studies suggest that functional outcome following early aneurysm treatment has improved. We aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze early predictors of functional outcome in poor-grade aSAH patients.
METHODS
We included studies investigating the association of early predictors and functional outcome in adult patients with confirmed poor-grade aSAH, defined as World Federation of Neurological Surgeons (WFNS) grade or Hunt and Hess (H-H) grade IV-V. Studies had to use multivariable regression analysis to estimate independent predictor effects of favorable functional outcome measured with the Glasgow Outcome Scale or modified Rankin Scale. We calculated pooled adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) with random effects models.
RESULTS
We included 27 studies with 3287 patients. The likelihood of favorable outcome increased with WFNS grade or H-H grade IV versus V (aOR 2.9, 95% CI 1.9–4.3), presence of clinical improvement before aneurysm treatment (aOR 3.3, 95% CI 2.0-5.3), and intact pupillary light reflex (aOR 2.9, 95% CI 1.6–5.1), and decreased with older age (aOR 0.7, 95% CI 0.5-1.0, per decade), increasing modified Fisher grade (aOR 0.4, 95% CI 0.3–0.5, per grade), and presence of intracerebral hematoma on admission imaging (aOR 0.4, 95% CI 0.2–0.8).
CONCLUSIONS
We present a summary of early predictors of functional outcome in poor-grade aSAH patients that can help to discriminate between patients with favorable and with unfavorable prognosis and may aid in selecting patients for early aneurysm treatment.
Moderate Sedation with Single-Dose Remimazolam Tosilate in Elderly Male Patients Undergoing Transurethral Resection of the Prostate with Spinal Anesthesia: A Prospective, Single-Arm, Aingle-Centre Clinical Trial
Authors: Zhao Tang-yuan-meng , Chen DI , Sun Hu , Xu Zhi-xin , Lv Song , Wang Tao , Liu Li-li 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Remimazolam tosilate (RT) is a newly listed benzodiazepine for sedation and anesthesia featuring quick onset of effects, short maintenance and recovery times, which is currently under research. This trial was conducted to determine the median effective dose (ED50) and the 95% effective dose (ED95) of single-dose remimazolam for moderate sedation in elderly patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) under spinal anesthesia, and to evaluate its efficacy and safety.
Methods
Thirty male patients aged 65–80 years old were recruited for selective TURP. Remimazolam was administered intravenously to pain-free patients (VAS score < 1) within 1 min of successful spinal anesthesia by the same anesthesiologist. We used modified Dixon’s up-and-down sequential allocation method to determine the ED50 and ED95 of the agent with an initial dosage of 0.1 mg/kg. Successful sedation was defined as an MOAA/S score ≤ 3 and above 1. A score of > 3 was deemed as failed sedation. Recruitment continued until ten independent pairs (from successful sedation to failed sedation) would give a reliable estimation of the ED50 and ED95 of RT and their 95% confidence intervals.
Results
The ED50 of remimazolam was 0.063 (95% C.I. 0.045–0.073) mg/kg. Its ED95 was 0.079 (95% C.I. 0.07–0.137) mg/kg. Remimazolam was safe in its application.
Conclusions
A single-dose of RT proves to be safe for assisted sedation during TURP in elderly male patients under spinal anesthesia with a lower incidence of adverse events. Its ED50 and ED95 were 0.063 mg/kg and 0.079 mg/kg, respectively.
Trial registration:
http://www.chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR2100051912)
Machine Learning Modelling for Prospective Parkinson’s Disease - the importance of inflammatory biomarkers and IGF1 - UKB study
Authors: Allwright Michael , Mundell Hamish , Sutherland Greg , Austin Paul , Guennewig Boris 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
INTRODUCTION We use the world-leading UK Biobank dataset (UKB) with over 500,000 participants and >10,000 variables across multiple data modalities to determine a ranking of candidate risk factors for Parkinson’s Disease (PD) without a priori assumption. METHODS The Integrated Disease Explanation and Risk Scoring platform (IDEARS) applies machine learning algorithms to multi-modal personalised health data to determine individual disease risk and interpret the most important risk factors using mean SHAP score. IDEARS is applied to the UKB to determine the risk factors for PD. RESULTS IDEARS showed an improved discriminative performance (AUC=0.744) compared to a model using known risk factors (0.727). Age and gender had the highest mean SHAP scores. IGF-1, bilirubin, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR, an inflammatory marker) and frailty factors were also ranked highly. A further investigation into IGF-1, bilirubin, AST:ALT and NLR showed elevated levels either in the period prior to diagnosis or at the point of diagnosis. DISCUSSION The IDEARS model outperformed an approach looking only at agreed risk factors despite making no a priori assumptions. Novel PD risk biomarkers including elevated IGF-1 and NLR are likely to play a role in disease mechanism. This panel of biomarkers may be used clinically to predict future PD risk, improve early diagnosis and to understand disease mechanism.
TGR5 agonists induce peripheral and central hypersensitivity to bladder distension
Authors: Caldwell Ashlee , Grundy Luke , Harrington Andrea , Garcia-Caraballo Sonia , Castro Joel , Bunnett Nigel , Brierley Stuart 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The mechanisms underlying chronic bladder conditions such as interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) and overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) are incompletely understood. However, targeting specific receptors mediating neuronal sensitivity to specific stimuli is an emerging treatment strategy. Recently, irritant-sensing receptors including the bile acid receptor TGR5, have been identified within the viscera and are thought to play a key role in neuronal hypersensitivity. Here, in mice, we identify mRNA expression of TGR5 (Gpbar1) in all layers of the bladder as well as in the lumbosacral dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and in isolated bladder-innervating DRG neurons. In bladder-innervating DRG neurons Gpbar1 mRNA was 100% co-expressed with Trpv1 and 30% co-expressed with Trpa1. In vitro live-cell calcium imaging of bladder-innervating DRG neurons showed direct activation of a sub-population of bladder-innervating DRG neurons with the synthetic TGR5 agonist CCDC, which was diminished in Trpv1−/− but not Trpa1−/− DRG neurons. CCDC also activated a small percentage of non-neuronal cells. Using an ex vivo mouse bladder afferent recording preparation we show intravesical application of endogenous (5α-pregnan-3β-ol-20-one sulphate, Pg5α) and synthetic (CCDC) TGR5 agonists enhanced afferent mechanosensitivity to bladder distension. Correspondingly, in vivo intravesical administration of CCDC increased the number of spinal dorsal horn neurons that were activated by bladder distension. The enhanced mechanosensitivity induced by CCDC ex vivo and in vivo was absent using Gpbar1−/− mice. Together, these results indicate a role for the TGR5 receptor in mediating bladder afferent hypersensitivity to distension and thus may be important to the symptoms associated with IC/BPS and OAB.