bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fast and Ultra-Low Energy Subthreshold Level Shifter using Split-gate Buffer for Low-power Digital VLSI Systems
Authors: SA Sivakumar , B Senthilkumar , Rajendran Selvakumar 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Low-energy operation is predominant feature in the modern wireless sensor node and implantable biomedical applications. Scaling the supply voltage towards sub-/near-threshold level is vital design methodology to achieve energy-efficient operation. Voltage scaling can be adopted in the multiple supply voltage design incorporating interfacing circuit called voltage level shifters to achieve power-efficient operation. This paper presents differential cascode voltage switch (DCVS) structure based high-speed and low-energy voltage level shifter for converting subthreshold voltage to nominal output voltage. The proposed level shifter (LS) utilizes NMOS/PMOS diode pairs along with the cross-coupled PMOS to address the current contention issue by suppressing the current from pull-up network while pull-down network is activated. The switching speed of the level conversion is enhanced by pass transistor and boosting devices in the pull-down network. Further, split-gate inverter/buffer at the output stage ensures high performance by alleviating static power and accelerating speed performance. The proposed LS is implemented in CMOS 180nm technology on Cadence (Virtuoso) platform and analyzed using Spectre circuit simulator. The simulation results reveal the subthreshold level conversion from 220 mV to 1.8 V and wider frequency range of conversion. In addition, it ensures the delay of 8.57 ns, energy/transition of 39.4 fJ for level conversion from 0.4 V to 1.8 V with input signal frequency of 1 MHz. Moreover, the LS consumes static power of 0.302 nW at standby mode.
Depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress during the Russo- Ukrainian war in 2022: A Comparison of the Populations in Poland, Ukraine and Taiwan
Authors: Chudzicka-Czupała Agata , Hapon Nadiya , Chiang Soon Kiat , Żywiołek-Szeja Marta , Karamushka Liudmyla , Lee Charlotte T. , Grabowski Damian , Paliga Mateusz , Rosenblat Joshua D. , Ho Roger , McIntyre Roger S. , Chen Yi-Lung 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Ukraine has been embroiled in an increasingly war since February 2022. In addition to Ukrainians, the Russo-Ukraine war has affected Poles due to the refugee crisis and the Taiwanese, who are facing a potential crisis with China. We examined the mental health status and associated factors in Ukraine, Poland and Taiwan. The data will be used for future reference as the war is still ongoing.
Methods
From March 8 to April 26, 2022, we conducted an online survey using snowball sampling techniques in Ukraine, Poland and Taiwan. Depression, anxiety and stress were measured using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress (DASS)-21 item scale; post-traumatic stress symptoms by the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and coping strategies by the Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory (Brief-COPE). We used univariate and multivariate linear regression to identify factors associated with DASS-21 and IES-R scores.
Results
There were 1625 participants (Poland: 1053; Ukraine: 385; Taiwan: 188) in this study. Ukrainian participants reported significantly higher DASS-21 (p < 0.001) and IES-R (p < 0.01) scores than Poles and Taiwanese. Although Taiwanese participants were not directly involved in the war, their mean IES-R scores (40.37 ± 16.86) were only slightly lower than Ukrainian participants (41.36 ± 14.94), and Taiwanese were associated with higher IES-R scores (p = 0.029) after adjustment of other variables. Taiwanese reported significantly higher avoidance score (1.60 ± 0.47) than the Polish (0.87 ± 0.53) and Ukrainian (0.91 ± 0.5) participants (p < 0.001). More than half of the Taiwanese (54.3%) and Polish (80.3%) participants were distressed by the war scenes in the media. More than half (52.5%) of the Ukrainian participants would not seek psychological help despite a significantly higher prevalence of psychological distress. Multivariate linear regression analyses found that female gender, Ukrainian citizenship, self-rating health status, past psychiatric history and avoidance coping were significantly associated with higher DASS-21 and IES-R scores after adjustment of other variables (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
We have identified mental health sequelae in Ukrainian, Poles and Taiwanese with the ongoing Russo-Ukraine war. Risk factors associated with developing depression, anxiety, stress and post-traumatic stress symptoms include female gender, self-rating health status, past psychiatric history and avoidance coping. Early resolution of the conflict, online mental health interventions, delivery of psychotropic medications and distraction techniques may help to improve the mental health of people who stay inside and outside Ukraine.
OCTA biomarkers in sight-threatening Behcet’s disease-related uveitis treated with adalimumab
Authors: Roshdy Ahmed 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate retinal microvasculature parameters during Behcet’s uveitis (BU) remission status reached post treatment with adalimumab via optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), and compares the results with those from healthy eyes.
Methods: A total of 10 eyes of 10 BU patients presenting during the remission period (within 12 months) of BU involving the posterior segment were enrolled, as were 20 normal eyes of 20 age and sex-matched healthy participants. OCTA images were analyzed. Foveal avascular zone (FAZ), and vessel densities (VD) were calculated and compared.
Results: 10 eyes of 10 BU patients and 20 normal eyes of 20 age and sex-matched subjects were included in the study. At baseline, the all 10 eyes had active retinal vasculitis. Retinal vasculitis resolved in all cases (100%) after starting adalimumab. The mean time to complete resolution of inflammation was 3.4 weeks. None of the patients developed any adverse events associated with adalimumab treatment. The FAZ was higher in the BD group than in the control group (p = 0.01). Both the superficial and deep plexuses vessel densities were significantly lower in BD eyes (p<0.05).
Conclusion: BD can cause irreversible damage to the retinal circulation affecting both SCP and DCP. OCTA gives a full view of the retinal microvasculature. Adalimumab was effective in preventing irreversible sight-threatening BD. Adalimumab treatment appears to be associated with improvement of the retinal blood flow more evident in the DCP thus provide better final visual outcome for cases with BD uveitis
Clinical Significance of combinatorial blockade of novel immune checkpoint B7-H4 with PD-L1 in Urothelial Carcinoma of Bladder: A rational therapeutic approach
Authors: Raja David , Singh Aishwarya , Kurra Santosh , Nayak Brusabhanu , Kaushal Seema , Sharma Alpana , Singh Prabhjot 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Urothelial carcinoma of bladder (UBC) is complex disease with high mortality and recurrence rates. Current standard regimens have exhibited anti-tumor activity however, proportion of patients are non-responsive or ineligible to receive such treatments, which stresses upon identifying new effective options for treating UBC. Immune checkpoints have emerged as potential class of therapeutics to be tested in UBC treatment.
Methods: 40 UBC patients and 30 healthy controls were recruited from whom blood was taken. Histopathologically proven tumors and adjacent normal tissue were obtained from patients. The frequency of T cells and immune checkpoints (B7-H4 and PD-L1) was assessed in circulation. Molecular expression of immune checkpoints has been studied in tumors and normal tissue. In-vitroblocking of B7-H4 alone and in combination with PD-L1 was performed to test for T cell functionality. Finally, these immune checkpoints were correlated with clinico-pathological parameters.
Results: Elevated expression of B7-H4 and PD-L1 were observed in CD8 T cells of UBC patients. Relative mRNA expression and immunohistochemistry displayed upregulation in bladder tumor tissue. Co-blockade enhanced IFN-gand granzyme B of CD-8 T cells. Also, B7-H4 was significantly associated with clinico-pathological parameters.
Conclusion: Increased expression of B7-H4 along with PD-L1 in periphery and tumor of UBC patients highlights involvement of B7-H4 in disease progression, showcasing elevated expression with disease progression. Combinatorial blocking enhanced functional T cell immune response in UBC patients. Also, positive association of B7-H4 with clinico-pathological parameters showcase it as potential therapeutic target for treatment of UBC patient in future after further validation.
Unraveling the contrasting features of rainfall microphysics for the tropical cyclone Tauktae (2021) and a severe thunderstorm event as observed over the orographic region of Western Ghat
Authors: Chakravarty Kaustav , Patil Rohit , Saha Sanjay , Murugavel P , Yadav Prafull , Pandithurai G 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

The contrasting feature of precipitation microphysics for the severe weather events over the orographic region of Western Ghat (WG) has been highlighted in this paper. By analyzing the features of precipitation associated with a cyclone and a thunderstorm over Mahabaleshwar – which is regarded as one of the severe rainfall station of Western Ghat orographic region, it has been found that the raindrops of diameter 2.2 mm and above dominates the precipitation associated with thunderstorm than with respect to cyclone. Though the towering thunderstorm surrounding the eyewalls of cyclone produces rainfall of higher intensity during the cyclonic period, but the strong updraft generated during the thunderstorm rainfall event forces the smaller raindrops aloft thereby allowing the larger raindrops to precipitate locally which ultimately results for severe rainfall of very high intensity for shorter duration during those events. It has been observed that the pre-cyclonic effect over orography is characterized by the increase in midlevel relative humidity (700–900 hPa), relative vorticity and cloud ice water content while in case of evolution of thunderstorm, the atmosphere gives strong signal with respect to strong vertical velocity, sudden increase of CAPE and rapid decrease of Lifting Index (LI). In this study, the impact of orographic upliftment, cyclonic circulation and the stronger updraft generated during the thunderstorm period has been critically diagnosed, differentiated and portrayed with respect to the variation of rainfall microphysics for these severe weather events over the elevated terrain.
Comparison of two sampling methods of detection of bacterial contamination in the hospital environment: moistened swabs versus RODAC agar plate
Authors: Li Yaru , Li Leilei , Chen Feng , Wang Dong , Peng Yaping , Wang Wanqiu , Sun Xiaxia , Deng Jianjun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the efficiency of two different sampling methods (swabbing, and RODAC (replicate organism detection and counting) agar plate) in terms of detection of bacterial contamination, and their suitability as monitoring methods for partition curtains and other medical textiles.
Methods:A total of 24 beds were selected by stratified random sampling .The swabbing technique and RODAC agar plates were the chosen sampling methods. The colony forming units were calculated and colony morphologies and strains on the plates were observed and identified after culturing.
Results:A total of 192 samples collected. Of them, 161 pathogenic strains were isolated via the swabbing technique; 309 pathogenic strains were isolated using the RODAC agar plates. The swabbing technique had a higher detection rate for Gram-positive bacteria (P = 0.0004) , while RODAC agar plate had a higher detection rate for Gram-negative bacteria (P = 0.72).The detection of bacterial contamination rates using the swabbing technique was superior to that of the RODAC agar plate method (P < 0.001).
Conclusions: The swabbing technique offers more advantages in terms of detection of bacterial contamination rates and Gram-positive bacteria, while the RODAC agar plate is more sensitive to the inspection of Gram-negative bacteria.
A Feature Modeling Based Bidding Trading Mechanism in Power Blockchain
Authors: Lv Zhixing , Yu Hui , Kang Kai , Li Teng-Chang , Du Guo-Li 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
With the improvement of the requirement of power service and marketization of the power industry, how to reasonably trade and effectively utilize power has become an emergent problem. Due to the centralized trade mode in the traditional power, many issues, including long-term processing, high trading cost, lack of supervision, and potential attack risk, are inevitable. It means that the feasible, effective trading processing rules is required. As an innovative information technology, blockchain has combined the advantages of decentralization, immutability, data provenance and automatically contract operation, which can be used to solve the abovementioned issues. Taking the credibility and activity into account, a feature modeling based bidding trading mechanism in power blockchain is proposed. Such a mechanism is deployed and executed in the manner of smart contract. The extensive experimental results demonstrate that the proposed mechanism is feasible and effective, which can be applied to large-scale power trading scenarios, thus having the practical value.
Effect of resin tapping system and collection period on resin production and growth traits in 12-year-old Pinus elliottii var. elliottii
Authors: Freitas José Antonio , Neto Antônio Orlando Luz Freire , Bucci Luís Alberto , Souza Talita Carvalho , Menucelli João Roberto , Amorim Erick Phelipe , Aguiar Ananda Virgínia , Lima Israel Luiz , Longui Eduardo Luiz 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Resin tapping is an activity designed to extract resin from trees, especially species of the genus Pinus. Current systems of tapping and collecting resin are well known, but further study is needed to make these systems more efficient and profitable for producers. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate the effect of five resin tapping systems during five different collection periods on the production and growth of resin trees for a population ofPinus elliottiivar.elliottiiplanted in Itapetininga, SP. Resining affects tree growth, especially in diameter. Results showed that system 4, with eight panels on each plant and four on each side, presented the highest average production of resin per tree, while system 1, with 2 panels on each plant and 1 on each side, presented the lowest average resin production per tree. It was concluded that resin production is dependent on the system employed, time of collection, and their interactions.
Production of Highly Porous Electrospun α-Fe2O3 Nanofibers For Environmental Applications
Authors: ALP Emre , BORAZAN İsmail 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The electrospun α-Fe2O3 nanofibers with mesoporous were fabricated by annealing electrospun Poly(acrylonitrile-co-vinyl acetate) (PAN)/Iron(III)chloride and Poly(acrylonitrile-co-vinyl acetate) (PAN)/Iron(III)chloride hexahydrate composite nanofibers. The used precursor for the iron source drastically affected the final morphologies of the electrospun α-Fe2O3 nanofibers depending on whether it was hydrated. As a result of that, the photocatalytic performances of electrospun α-Fe2O3 nanofibers exhibited significant differences from each other. It was observed that the electrospun α-Fe2O3 nanofibers with highly porous, derived from a hydrated iron salt source, exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity against synthetic dye with anionic and cationic. The results here suggest that the electrospun α- Fe2O3 nanofibers with highly porous were fabricated in the study, which exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity, can provide promising activities to remove organic contaminants from wastewater. Likewise, these nanofibers with highly porous can show high performances in solar-related applications such as water splitting and photovoltaics.
A qualitative study of junior doctors attitude towards near peer teaching
Authors: Anderson Joseph , Carton Eleanor , Silva Ana Sergio Da 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Learner benefits of Near-Peer Teaching (NPT) are evidenced in literature but the experience of junior doctors participating in NPT is only beginning to be explored. This study explores qualitatively the attitude of junior doctors towards NPT using a cognitive-affective-behavioural model.
Methods
Junior doctors a tertiary teaching hospital in Ireland participated in semi-structured interviews conducted by a peer-researcher, which were audiotaped, transcribed, coded using NVIVO, and thematically analysed.
Results
Four main themes were identified. Near-peer teaching was perceived as an enjoyable and satisfying role of a clinician. Near-peer teachers believed that NPT was beneficial to both teachers and learners. Participants acknowledged that knowing one’s limitations is vital to safe teaching practice. A structured approach to NPT programs was suggested to improve the efficiency and participation of teachers and learners.
Conclusion
This study documented the personal Learning experience, an enjoyable and satisfying teaching experience, and the perceived teacher and learner benefits as the motivational factors and the main challenges of junior doctors towards NPT were personal limitations, learner disengagement, and the lack of time, resources, and a structured NPT program. Suggestions to improve the participation of learners and teachers in NPT were identified and discussed.
Pedestrian trajectory prediction model for spatio-temporal graph networks combined with speed control
Authors: Shen Eric Z. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The most important task in pedestrian trajectory prediction is to build a pedestrian trajectory interaction model. To address the lack of information about time and speed in the model, a spatio-temporal graph network algorithm with speed control is proposed to build a pedestrian interaction model and predict the trajectory. The overall model adopts a conditional adversarial network architecture, in which the velocity prediction module is used to predict the final velocity of the pedestrian as the control condition of the conditional adversarial network, and the velocity information is explicitly introduced into the pedestrian trajectory prediction to avoid the influence of large deviation of velocity on the trajectory. The spatio-temporal information fusion module based on the graphical convolutional attention mechanism is designed in the generator to explicitly encode the temporal correlation of pedestrian trajectory sequences while extracting their motion features and focusing on their spatial interactions. Finally, the trajectory prediction is completed by decoding the trajectory interaction features combining spatio-temporal and velocity information. In addition, considering the shortage of existing evaluation methods, the average number of collisions is used as the judgment of trajectory reasonableness. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can better predict the pedestrian trajectory with the average displacement error of 0.40m and the final displacement error of 0.79m.
Breeding of highly productive sugar beet hybrids with improved beet root shape
Authors: Parfeniuk O. O. , Trush S.H. 
Published: October 2022

Purpose. Isolation of donors of valuable breeding and genetic traits and the creation of a new source material for the selection of parental components of sugar beet hybrids according to the shape of the root. Evaluation of the productive potential of experimental sugar beet hybrids with improved root shape parameters.
Methods. Field (experiments, phenological observations), laboratory (determination of sugar content), measuring and weighing (determination of crop structure), statistical (mathematical processing of research results).
Results. The results of the evaluation of the basic productivity of parental components of different genetic structure and productivity of experimental sugar beet hybrids with improved root shape are presented. An increase in the yield of root crops, sugar yield and sugar output per unit area in sugar beet hybrids on a cytoplasmic male-sterile (CMS) basis, created using multigerm pollinators with an improved root crop shape (oval-conical), has been established. Experimental hybrids formed on the basis of first generation of multigerm pollinators of backcross (BC1) prevailed the group standard in root crop yield by 15.2–22.8%, sugar yield and sugar output by 14.4–19.4% and 11.5–17.5%, respectively. The sugar content was below or at the level of the group standard. Similar indicators of hybrids formed on the basis of pollinators of the second generation of backcross (BC2) were 14.0–21.2%, 17.0–23.2% and 17.6–23.9%, respectively. The sugar content was at the level of the group standard. Root shape index indicators were 1.32 and 1.28, respectively. The hybrids formed using the initial multigerm pollinators were characterized by a conical root shape (shape index – 0.61). According to indicators of yield, sugar yield and sugar output per unit area, they were at the level of the group standard.
Conclusions. It was established that the shape of the root crop is an important factor in improving the productive potential of sugar beets in selection for heterosis. The change in the shape of the root crop from conical to oval-conical leads to an increase in the productivity of multigerm pollinators of sugar beets by 8–19% and hybrids created with their participation by 17–23%.