bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biopolymer magnetic chitosan–graphene oxide composite for removal and extraction of aromatic amines from aqueous samples
Authors: Zeb Muhammad Amir , Shah Jasmin , Jan Muhammad Rasul 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDMagnetic chitosan was crosslinked with graphene oxide and a magnetic chitosan–graphene oxide composite was synthesized and characterized. The composite was used for the removal and extraction of aromatic amines like aniline, N,N‐dimethylaniline and N,N‐diethylaniline.RESULTSExperimental factors affecting the adsorption process such as solution pH, time of contact, amount of adsorbent, initial concentration of analyte and temperature of solution were studied. The maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 7.55 mg g−1 for aniline, 6.96 mg g−1 for N,N‐dimethylaniline and 6.86 mg g−1 for N,N‐diethylaniline using pH 7 at room temperature. Kinetic and adsorption isotherm models were applied to the data which showed the best fit of experimental data to pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm for all three analytes.CONCLUSIONSThe adsorption process was found to be spontaneous and exothermic as revealed by thermodynamic study. The maximum recoveries for aniline, N,N‐dimethylaniline and N,N‐diethylaniline were 98.56%, 97.05% and 95.26%, respectively. Successful application of the adsorbent was found for spiked aqueous samples. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Highly restricted SARS-CoV-2 receptor expression and resistance to infection by primary human monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages
Authors: Zankharia Urvi , Yadav Anjana , Yi Yanjie , Hahn Beatrice H , Collman Ronald G 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), which causes the disease COVID-19, has caused an unprecedented global pandemic. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the major cellular receptor for SARS-CoV2 entry, which is facilitated by viral Spike priming by cellular TMPRSS2. Macrophages play an important role in innate viral defense and are also involved in aberrant immune activation that occurs in COVID-19, and thus direct macrophage infection might contribute to severity of SARS-CoV2 infection. Here, we demonstrate that monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) under in vitro conditions express low-to-undetectable levels of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and minimal coexpression. Expression of these receptors remained low in MDM induced to different subtypes such as unpolarized, M1 and M2 polarized. Untreated, unpolarized, M1 polarized, and M2 polarized MDM were all resistant to infection with SARS-CoV2 pseudotyped virions. These findings suggest that direct infection of myeloid cells is unlikely to be a major mechanism of SARS-CoV2 pathogenesis.Summary sentence: Monocytes and macrophages express minimal ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and resist SARS-CoV-2 Spike-mediated infection, suggesting direct myeloid cell infection is unlikely a major contributor to pathogenesis.
Redefining the simplicity of the craniomandibular complex of nightjars: The case of Systellura longirostris (Aves: Caprimulgidae) by means of anatomical network analysis
Authors: De Mendoza Ricardo S. , Carril Julieta , Degrange Federico J. , Demmel Ferreira María M. , Nieto Mauro N. , Tambussi Claudia P. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTo study morphological evolution, it is necessary to combine information from multiple intersecting research fields. Here, we report on the structure of the bony and muscular elements of the craniomandibular complex of birds, highlighting its morphological architecture and complexity (or simplification) in the context of anatomical networks of the Band‐winged Nightjar Systellura longirostris (Caprimulgiformes, Caprimulgidae). This species has skull osteology and jaw myology that departs from the general structural plan of the craniomandibular complex of Neornithes and is considered morphologically simple. Our goal is to test if its simplification is also reflected in its anatomical network, particularly in those parameters that measure complexity and to explore if the distribution of the networks in a phylomorphospace is conditioned by their evolutionary history or by convergence. Our results show that S. longirostris clusters with other Strisores and momotids and is segregated from the other bird species analyzed when plotted in the phylomorphospace, as a consequence of convergence in the network parameters. Systellura has a craniomandibular complex consisting of fewer muscles connecting more bones than the model species (e.g., the rock pigeon or the guira cuckoo). In this sense, Systellura is actually more complex regarding the number of integrative bony parts, while its craniomandibular complex is simpler. According to its anatomical network, Systellura also can be interpreted as less complex, particularly compared with other Strisores and taxa that reflect the general structure of the craniomandibular complex in Neornithes.
Absence of the Rpb9 subunit of RNA polymerase II reduces the chronological life span in fission yeast
Authors: Bhardwaj Vaibhav , Sharma Nimisha 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFission yeast RNA polymerase II consists of 12 subunits, Rpb1‐Rpb12. Among these subunits, Rpb9 is the only subunit whose absence does not cause lethality under optimum growth conditions in fission yeast. However, an rpb9 null fission yeast mutant exhibits a slow‐growth phenotype under optimum growth conditions and a defect in survival under environmental and genotoxic stress conditions. To further gain an understanding of its physiological roles, in the present study we have elucidated the role of the Rpb9 subunit in chronological aging using fission yeast as the model organism. Our results provide evidence that the absence of Rpb9 reduces the chronological life span in fission yeast. Our data further shows that lack of Rpb9 in fission yeast causes oxidative stress sensitivity and accumulation of reactive oxygen species during the stationary phase. Our domain mapping experiments have demonstrated that the Rpb9 region encompassing its amino‐terminal zinc finger domain and the central linker region is important for the role of Rpb9 in chronological aging. Finally, we also show that expression of the budding yeast or human Rpb9 ortholog can functionally complement the reduced chronological life span phenotype of the fission yeast rpb9 deletion mutant. Taken together, our study has identified a new role of the Rpb9 subunit in chronological aging.
A rapid and environmentally friendly method for determination of parabens preservatives in flavors by supercritical fluid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Yang Fei , Dong Hao , Zhang Fengmei , Shao Jimin , Wang Ying , Deng Huimin , Tang Gangling , Zhang Xiaotao , Li Bo , Liu Shanshan 
Published: May 2022

A rapid method for determination of parabens preservatives (methyl paraben, ethyl paraben, isopropyl paraben, propyl paraben, isobutyl paraben, and butyl paraben) in flavors was established by using supercritical fluid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry combined with dispersive solid‐phase extraction. After adding methanol and primary secondary amine to the sample simultaneously, high extraction efficiency and good sample cleanup could be obtained by simple shaking. Parabens were well separated on a Chiralpak IG‐3 column in 6 min by gradient elution. Recoveries from spiked blank samples at 0.5, 1.0, and 5.0 mg/kg were determined to be 88.3–106.6%with relative standard deviations less than 8.0%. All analytes achieved good linear relation (r ≥ 0.999 2). The limits of detection for all analytes ranged from 0.03 to 0.09 mg/kg and the limits of quantification from 0.11 to 0.31 mg/kg, respectively. A total of 20 actual samples were successfully analyzed by taking the proposed method. Being simple, rapid, green, and reliable, this method can be taken for the determination of parabens preservatives in flavors.
Ototoxicity of Long‐Term α‐Difluoromethylornithine for Skin Cancer Prevention
Authors: Chow Cynthia L. , Havighurst Thomas , Lozar Taja , Jones Todd D. , Kim KyungMann , Bailey Howard H. 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveEvaluate the effects of α‐difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) on hearing thresholds as part of a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial.MethodsSubjects were randomized and assigned to the control (placebo) or experimental (DFMO) group. DFMO or placebo were administered orally (500 mg/m2/day) for up to 5 years.ResultsSubjects taking DFMO had, on average, increased hearing thresholds from baseline across the frequency range compared to subjects in the control group. Statistical analysis revealed this was significant in the lower frequency range.ConclusionsThis randomized controlled trial revealed the presence of increased hearing thresholds associated with long‐term DFMO use. As a whole, DFMO may help prevent and treat certain types of cancers; however, it can result in some degree of hearing loss even when administered at low doses. This study further highlights the importance of closely monitoring hearing thresholds in subjects taking DFMO. Laryngoscope, 133:676–682, 2023
Tribological performance of protic ionic liquids containing dibutyldithiophosphate as lubricating additives in O/W emulsions
Authors: Ju Chao , Zhao Qin , Wang Xiaobo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA series of protic ionic liquids (PILs) containing dibutyldithiophosphate were simply synthesised and used as lubricant additive in base emulsion. The physico‐chemical and lubricating properties of PILs in emulsion were systematically investigated. The stability of prepared emulsions containing PILs were similar with base emulsions by particle size distribution tests. Compared with traditional additive of polysulfide, the PILs in emulsion exhibited superior lubricating properties under harsh conditions. Surprisingly, the oil‐miscible O‐PILs in emulsion showed better friction and wear reduction than water‐miscible T‐PILs in emulsion. The stable protective films formed on the steel surface by results of scanning electron microscope and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy were the main reason for the preferable performance.
Experiences and happiness: The role of gender
Authors: Brakus J. Joško , Chen Weifeng , Schmitt Bernd , Zarantonello Lia 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIt is well established that experiences make people happy, but we still know little about how individual differences affect the relationship between consumption of experiences and happiness. This study focuses on gender as the predictor of happiness and addresses the following question: Do women and men differ in the way they attain happiness from consumption of experiences? Considering that research shows that women and men differ in how they process information, it is possible that they differ in how much they reflect on an experience too. Therefore, this study also investigates how the relationship between consumption of experiences and gender is moderated by Need for Cognition (NFC) in affecting subjective happiness. The results of a survey of adult consumers show than women derive more happiness and life satisfaction from meaningful experiences than men whereas men derive more happiness and satisfaction with life from pleasurable experiences than women. NFC moderates these results. The study provides evidence for the distinction between pleasure and meaning in consumption contexts and for the important role of gender in consumption of experiences. Its results imply that design and structuring of commercial experiences should take customer gender into account.
Benzimidazolone‐Dioxazine Pigments‐Based Conjugated Polymers for Organic Field‐Effect Transistor
Authors: Tung Wei‐Yao , Pu Cheng , Huang Yi‐Fan , Xie Wei , Cheng Chung‐Fu , Lai Yun‐Yu , Li Xiang , Lin Heng‐Yi , Lai Yueh‐Ting , Chen Kun , Wang Chien‐Lung , Zhu Yu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMolecules based on benzimidazolone‐dioxazine are known as blue/violet pigments and have been commercialized for decades. However, unfavorable solubility limits the application of these structures as building blocks of conjugated polymers despite their low band gaps. Herein, a series of donor–acceptor conjugated polymers containing soluble benzimidazolone‐dioxazine structures as the acceptors and oligothiophene as donors are synthesized and investigated. With increasing numbers of thiophene rings, the steric hindrance diminishes and high molecular weight polymers can be achieved, leading to an improved performance in organic field effect transistor devices. The hole mobility of polymers with three to six thiophene units is in the order of 10−1 cm2 V−1 s −1. Among all the polymers, polymer P3 with three thiophene units between benzimidazolone‐dioxazine structures shows the best hole mobility of 0.4 cm2 V−1 s −1. Grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering results reveal that the high mobility of organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) can be accredited by matched donor–acceptor packing in the solid thin films.
Estimating the motor unit number of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle with MScanFit MUNE
Authors: Alaydin Halil Can , Turkmen Nur , Boran H. Evren , Cengiz Bulent 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroduction/AimsMScanFit motor unit number estimation (MUNE) is a promising method for motor unit estimation and is reported to have good reliability in distal and small muscles. In this study, we investigated the reliability of MScanFit MUNE in a proximal forearm muscle, the flexor carpi ulnaris.MethodsTwenty healthy volunteers were included in this study, and 15 participants were re‐evaluated in a second session. The ulnar nerve was stimulated at the elbow and a compound muscle action potential (CMAP) scan from the flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) muscle was recorded from each arm. CMAP, MUNE, and other motor unit parameters were obtained. Reproducibility was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs).ResultsThe average MUNE from 40 FCU muscles was 90.9 (standard deviation: 16.4). MScanFit MUNE and CMAP were not significantly different between the dominant and non‐dominant sides. The ICC indicated good reliability between sessions for each side (0.81 and 0.8, respectively).DiscussionOur results indicate that MScanFit MUNE is a feasible method with good reproducibility for MUNE of the FCU muscle.
Secondary analysis of a university‐based weight loss program in on‐campus versus off‐campus employees
Authors: Clina Julianne G. , Pan Zhaoxing , Wyatt Holly R. , Peters John C. , Hill James O. , Sayer R. Drew 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionMany barriers prevent individuals from regularly engaging in physical activity (PA), including lack of time and access to facilities. Providing free gym membership close to one's work may alleviate both time and financial barriers, increase PA, and result in greater weight loss. The purpose of this secondary analysis was to determine if gym usage, self‐reported leisure PA, and weight loss differed between participants working on the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus (ON) versus working off‐campus (OFF) during a 6‐month weight loss trial.Methods117 adults (ON, n = 62; OFF, n = 55) with overweight or obesity received free gym memberships for the duration of trial. Average gym check ins/week, self‐report leisure PA, weight, and fat and lean mass were compared between groups.ResultsON reported more check‐ins than OFF (ON, 0.93 ± 0.16 times/week; OFF, 0.55 ± 0.10 times/week p = 0.038). Both groups reported increased leisure PA, with ON reporting more leisure PA than OFF at month 4. Both groups had reductions in weight and fat mass, which were similar between groups.ConclusionGym usage in both groups was low, suggesting that convenient and free gym access only marginally promoted use of provided facilities, likely having little additional impact on PA and weight change.CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATIONThe parent trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02627105.
Mandatory Schooling of Girls Improved Their Children's Health: Evidence from Turkey's 1997 Education Reform
Authors: Dursun Bahadır , Cesur Resul , Kelly Inas R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study examines the impact of mandatory maternal education on child health in Turkey, where a non‐trivial fraction of families restricted their daughters’ schooling due to social and cultural barriers. The analysis employs two large data sets and exploits a quasi‐experiment involving an education reform that increased compulsory schooling. Results show that an increase in mother's schooling improves child health at birth (as measured by factors such as low birth weight and premature birth) and lowers child mortality. The current study on the intergenerational benefits of compulsory schooling arguably provides the strongest evidence supporting the argument that mandatory female education has substantial nonpecuniary benefits in terms of the health of the offspring in societies where female education is stigmatized. The implications of this research extend beyond girls’ schooling and suggest that compulsory human capital investments in children can correct market failures when families underinvest in their children because of social or cultural barriers.
Core concepts in pharmacoepidemiology: Fundamentals of the cohort and case–control study designs
Authors: Pottegård Anton 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this review paper, I outline the principles of the cohort as a sampling frame and provide a basic introduction to the cohort study design and the case–control study design, two of the most important designs in the pharmacoepidemiologist's toolbox. Further, I discuss when to prefer one design over the other. The paper is intended as a primer for people new to the field of pharmacoepidemiology and contains a range of suggestions for additional reading regarding the study designs and related epidemiological topics.
Reliability analysis for command‐and‐control systems based on edge extension diagram and binary decision diagram
Authors: Li Yifan , Huang Hong‐Zhong , Zhang Tingyu , Huang Sizhe , Li Yahua 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAs the central nervous system of modern information warfare, the command‐and‐control network becomes the brain of command and the strategic target of the enemy's primary attack during the operation. In this paper, a method based on edge extension diagram (EED) and binary decision diagram (BDD) is proposed to evaluate the reliability of connectivity within the basic command post of command‐and‐control network, which is solving the problem that the conventional methods failed to model failure probabilities of node links and with low calculation efficiency. First, graph simplification of network topology, extension of nodes under reliable state, construction of path functions, replacement of associated edges, variable sorting, construction of binary decision graphs, and recursive calculation to evaluate the reliability of the connection between the two ends of the command‐and‐control network. Then, further analyze and sort the variable importance of the command‐and‐control network and analyze the sensitivity of the network topology. This paper contributes to the reliability assessment of command‐and‐control network system, the identification and maintenance of key network nodes, and the design of network topology structure.
The role of cytokines and their antagonists in the treatment of COVID‐19 patients
Authors: Mohseni Afshar Zeinab , Barary Mohammad , Babazadeh Arefeh , Tavakoli Pirzaman Ali , Hosseinzadeh Rezvan , Alijanpour Amirmasoud , Allahgholipour Amirreza , Miri Seyed Rouhollah , Sio Terence T. , Sullman Mark J. M. , Carson‐Chahhoud Kristin , Ebrahimpour Soheil 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has various presentations, of which immune dysregulation or the so‐called cytokine storm syndrome (COVID‐CSS) is prominent. Even though cytokines are vital regulators of body immunoinflammatory responses, their exaggerated release can be harmful. This hyperinflammatory response is more commonly observed during severe COVID‐19 infections, caused by the excessive release of pro‐inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin‐1 (IL‐1), IL‐6, IL‐8, tumour necrosis factor, granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor, and interferon‐gamma, making their blockers and antagonists of great interest as therapeutic options in this condition. Thus, the pathophysiology of excessive cytokine secretion is outlined, and their most important blockers and antagonists are discussed, mainly focussing on tocilizumab, an interleukin‐6 receptor blocker approved to treat severe COVID‐19 infections.
Biochemical mechanism of phosphorus limitation impairing nitrogen fixation in diazotrophic bacterium Klebsiella variicola W12
Authors: Zhang Li‐Mei , Silvano Eleonora , Rihtman Branko , Aguilo‐Ferretjans Maria , Han Bing , Shi Wei , Chen Yin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionBiological nitrogen (N) fixation (BNF) plays a key role in nitrogen supply in agricultural and natural ecosystems. Harnessing BNF can substantially reduce dependence on chemical fertilizer in agroecosystems and hence can contribute to sustainable agriculture. However, a number of field studies have demonstrated that BNF can be largely suppressed in phosphorus (P)‐deficient environments, while the underlying mechanism is not well understood.Materials & MethodsIn this study, comparative proteomics and lipidomics analyses were conducted on a diazotrophic bacterium Klebsiella variicola W12 under P‐deficient and P‐replete conditions to gain insight into how P availability affects N fixation.ResultsUnder P deficiency, N fixation activity of K. variicola W12 was severely repressed. In response to P limitation, the bacterium synthesized P‐free ornithine lipids to replace glycerophospholipids in its membrane to reduce cellular demand for P. Comparative proteomics showed that P limitation resulted in upregulation of the PhoBR two‐component system, a range of organic and inorganic P uptake and transport systems, while nitrogenase and N‐fixation‐related transcriptional regulators NifL and NifA were downregulated.ConclusionThese results revealed lipid renovation as an adaptation strategy for N2‐fixing microbes to survive under P stress and provided biochemical evidence on how P availability regulates BNF. A conceptual model of N–P coupling at the microbial metabolism level is therefore proposed. Our study provides a simple yet plausible explanation of how P deficiency suppresses BNF observed in the field and highlights the importance of regulating P availability to maximize the potential of BNF in agroecosystems for agriculture sustainable production.