bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent Advances Towards the Synthesis of Dihydrobenzofurans and Dihydroisobenzofurans
Authors: Dapkekar Anil Balajirao , Sreenivasulu Chinnabattigalla , Ravi Kishore Dakoju , Satyanarayana Gedu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe 2,3‐dihydrobenzofuran heterocyclic systems are found in various biologically active natural and pharmaceutical products of biological relevance such as Phalarine, Rocaglamide, and Furaquinocin A. The interest in the study of 2,3‐dihydrobenzofurans is constantly increasing because of their numerous biological properties such as anti‐tumor, anti‐cancer, anti‐tubercular, and anti‐malarial activities. Different methods have been established towards the synthesis of 2,3‐dihydrobenzofurans involved via intra‐ and inter‐molecular reactions. Besides, the 1,3‐dihydroisobenzofuran structure has been identified as a fundamental nucleus in many natural products, bioactive compounds, and functional molecules (e. g., Pestacin, Isopestacin, Citalopram, Xylarinol B, Matriisobenzofuran, Thunberginol F7‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside). On the other hand, 1,3‐disubstituted isobenzofurans are powerful structural motifs with a wide range of biological activities, like anti‐inflammatory, anti‐histaminic, and anti‐HIV. In the last few years, a decent number of diligent synthetic approaches have been demonstrated toward synthesizing 1,3‐disubstituted isobenzofurans. This review focuses on the effective synthetic routes developed to construct 2,3‐dihydrobenzofurans and 1,3‐dihydroisobenzofurans and their applications in recent years.
Human CASPR2 Antibodies Reversibly Alter Memory and the CASPR2 Protein Complex
Authors: Joubert Bastien , Petit‐Pedrol Mar , Planagumà Jesús , Mannara Francesco , Radosevic Marija , Marsal Maria , Maudes Estibaliz , García‐Serra Anna , Aguilar Esther , Andrés‐Bilbé Alba , Gasull Xavier , Loza‐Alvarez Pablo , Sabater Lidia , Rosenfeld Myrna R. , Dalmau Josep 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveThe encephalitis associated with antibodies against contactin‐associated proteinlike 2 (CASPR2) is presumably antibody‐mediated, but the antibody effects and whether they cause behavioral alterations are not well known. Here, we used a mouse model of patients' immunoglobulin G (IgG) transfer and super‐resolution microscopy to demonstrate the antibody pathogenicity.MethodsIgG from patients with anti‐CASPR2 encephalitis or healthy controls was infused into the cerebroventricular system of mice. The levels and colocalization of CASPR2 with transient axonal glycoprotein 1 (TAG1) were determined with stimulated emission depletion microscopy (40–70μm lateral resolution). Hippocampal clusters of Kv1.1 voltage‐gated potassium channels (VGKCs) and GluA1‐containing α‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPARs) were quantified with confocal microscopy. Behavioral alterations were assessed with standard behavioral paradigms. Cultured neurons were used to determine the levels of intracellular CASPR2 and TAG1 after exposure to patients' IgG.ResultsInfusion of patients' IgG, but not controls' IgG, caused memory impairment along with hippocampal reduction of surface CASPR2 clusters and decreased CASPR2/TAG1 colocalization. In cultured neurons, patients' IgG led to an increase of intracellular CASPR2 without affecting TAG1, suggesting selective CASPR2 internalization. Additionally, mice infused with patients' IgG showed decreased levels of Kv1.1 and GluA1 (two CASPR2‐regulated proteins). All these alterations and the memory deficit reverted to normal after removing patients' IgG.InterpretationIgG from patients with anti‐CASPR2 encephalitis causes reversible memory impairment, inhibits the interaction of CASPR2/TAG1, and decreases the levels of CASPR2 and related proteins (VGKC, AMPAR). These findings fulfill the postulates of antibody‐mediated disease and provide a biological basis for antibody‐removing treatment approaches. ANN NEUROL 2022;91:801–813
Cylindrical C96 Fullertubes: A Highly Active Metal‐Free O2‐Reduction Electrocatalyst
Authors: Sanad Mohamed Fathi , Franklin Hannah M. , Ali Basant A. , Puente Santiago Alain R. , Nair Aruna N. , Chava Venkata S. N. , Fernandez‐Delgado Olivia , Allam Nageh K. , Stevenson Steven , Sreenivasan Sreeprasad T. , Echegoyen Luis 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA new isolation protocol was recently reported for highly purified metallic Fullertubes D5h‐C90, D3d‐C96, and D5d‐C100, which exhibit unique electronic features. Here, we report the oxygen reduction electrocatalytic behavior of C60, C70 (spheroidal fullerenes), and C90, C96, and C100 (tubular fullerenes) using a combination of experimental and theoretical approaches. C96 (a metal‐free catalyst) displayed remarkable oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity, with an onset potential of 0.85 V and a halfway potential of 0.75 V, which are close to the state‐of‐the‐art Pt/C benchmark catalyst values. We achieved an excellent power density of 0.75 W cm−2 using C96 as a modified cathode in a proton‐exchange membrane fuel cell, comparable to other recently reported efficient metal‐free catalysts. Combined band structure (experimentally calculated) and free‐energy (DFT) investigations show that both favorable energy‐level alignment active catalytic sites on the carbon cage are responsible for the superior activity of C96.
Microwave assisted synthesis of low band gap water soluble dyad materials using polythiophene carboxylic acids as donor and fullerenol as acceptor
Authors: Jaiswal Rimpa , Saha Uttam , Prasad N. Eswara , Goswami Thako Hari 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA facile synthesis of low band gap water soluble dyad materials comprising of fullerenol and poly thiophene carboxylic acids is demonstrated. Fullerene‐conjugated polyelectrolytes dyad materials were prepared using polythiophene‐3‐acetic acid (PT3AA) and polythiophene‐3‐malonic acid (PT3MA) as donors and fullerenol as acceptor in microwave synthesizer at 70°C. The reaction has several advantages over conventional reflux methods; easy to handle, fast reaction and good quality products. Fullerene core star‐like dyad structures having single‐ or di‐carboxylic acid group in each thiophene ring were synthesized. Thermal methods (TGA & DSC) estimated about six to seven exohedrally attached polymer units to fullerene core. The electrochemical band gaps of ~1.17 and 1.21 eV were recorded for fullerenol poly thiophene 3‐acetic acid (FPT3AA) and fullerenol polythiophene‐3‐malonic acid (FPT3MA) dyads, respectively. The UV–vis analyses record a red shifting of absorbance maxima for mono carboxylic acid (408 nm FPT3AA vs. 263 nm PT3AA) and blue shifting in di‐carboxylic acid (263 nm FPT3MA vs. 396 nm PT3MA). The strong quenching and substantial red shifting of emission peaks of dyad materials compared to both fullerenol and polymers demonstrate charge transfer exciplex formation in excited state.
Accelerating gametophytic growth in the model hornwort Anthoceros agrestis
Authors: Gunadi Andika , Li Fay‐Wei , Van Eck Joyce 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPremiseHornworts belong to a unique lineage of bryophytes with critical traits for elucidating the evolution of land plants; however, the development of functional genetic tools for hornworts has been hampered by their relatively slow gametophytic growth.MethodsTo identify the external factors that influence the development of hornwort gametophytes and potentially augment their growth, we evaluated the contributions of several culture medium components on the axenic gametophytic growth of Anthoceros agrestis, a model hornwort. A streamlined growth assay utilizing semiautomated image analysis was developed to rapidly quantify and compare tissue development spanning four weeks of culture on solidified medium.ResultsThe addition of sucrose, ammonium nitrate, activated charcoal, pH buffering, and growth regulators (2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 6‐benzylaminopurine, and thidiazuron) affected gametophyte tissue survival, growth patterns, and the rate of thalli growth. Subsequently, an optimized medium composition and growth regimen for accelerating A. agrestis gametophytic growth were formulated, which at four weeks of culture increased the tissue wet weight by 2.1‐ to 8.5‐fold compared with other previously utilized hornwort growth media.DiscussionOur protocol for generating vigorous starting material and accelerated tissue regeneration is pertinent for advancing gene function characterization and genome editing in hornworts.
How artificial intelligence might change academic library work: Applying the competencies literature and the theory of the professions
Authors: Cox Andrew 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe probable impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on work, including professional work, is contested, but it is unlikely to leave them untouched. The purpose of this conceptual paper is to consider the likelihood of the adoption of different approaches to AI in academic libraries. As theoretical lenses to guide the analysis the paper draws on both the library and information science (LIS) literature on librarians' competencies and the notions of jurisdiction and hybrid logics drawn from the sociological theory of the professions. The paper starts by outlining these theories and then reviews the nature of AI and the range of its potential uses in academic libraries. The main focus of the paper is on the application of AI to knowledge discovery. Eleven different potential approaches libraries might adopt to such AI applications are analyzed and their likelihood evaluated. Then it is considered how a range of internal and external factors might influence the adoption of AI. In addition to reflecting on the possible impact of AI on librarianship the paper contributes to understanding how to synthesize the competencies literature with the theory of the profession and presents a new understanding of librarians as hybrid.
Technische Herausforderungen bei der Planung von Spannbetonfertigteilträgern mit trockenen und geschliffenen Stoßfugen im Brückenbau
Authors: Behrmann Tilo , Fröhlich Manuel , Wenger Philipp , Hierl Martin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAm Frankfurter Flughafen wird derzeit ein drittes Terminal errichtet. Die Anbindung des Terminals 3 an den Hauptkomplex des Flughafens erfolgt durch ein neues, autonomes Passagiertransportsystem (PTS), welches auf einer Länge von ca. 2,5 km in Hochlage auf einem Brückenzug fahren wird. Für den Brückenzug sind u. a. neuartige, bis zu 40 m lange Tragwerke als vorgespannte Betonfertigteilträger vorgesehen. Die Besonderheit besteht hier in der Art der Fügung der Trägersegmente – die Segmente werden als Vollfertigteile mit geschliffenen, trockenen und unverzahnten Fugen im Werk hergestellt und mittels Vorspannung mit nachträglichem Verbund zusammengefügt. Im Gegensatz zu üblichen, verzahnten Fugen mit entsprechend formschlüssiger Querkraftübertragung wird der Kraftschluss bei den plangeschliffenen Fugen ausschließlich über die durch die Vorspannung erzeugte Reibung in der Stoßfuge erzeugt. Zwar gibt es zu geschliffenen, über Reibung lastabtragenden Fugen bereits Erkenntnisse und Erfahrungen (z. B. bei Windenergieanlagen), die Besonderheit beim PTS in Frankfurt besteht jedoch in der erstmaligen Anwendung dieses Konstruktionsprinzips im Brückenbau durch die Firma Max Bögl für einen hoch frequentierten Fahrweg mit entsprechend hohen ermüdungsrelevanten Beanspruchungen. Der vorliegende Beitrag befasst sich mit den Besonderheiten der Bemessung und Nachweisführung sowie den hohen Anforderungen an die geschliffene Fuge beim Herstellungsprozess.
Chemical constituents fromHibiscus hamaboand their antiphotoaging effects onUVA‐inducedCCD‐986sk
Authors: Park Gwee Kyo , Jang Wookju , Kim Bo Yun , Oh Kyung‐Eon , Kim You Ah. , Kwon Hyuk Joon , Kim Soo‐Young , Park Byoung Jun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTo investigate the phytochemical constituents ofHibiscus hamabo, a chromatographic method was used. A new phenolic glucoside, woodorien A (1), along with 10 known compounds, rutin (2), isoquercetin (3), nicotiflorin (4), astragalin (5),trans‐tiliroside (6),N‐trans‐feruloyltyramine (7),N‐trans‐caffeoyltyramine (8), woodorien (9), quercetin 3′‐galactopyranoside (10), andcis‐tiliroside (11), was isolated. The structure of1was identified as ethyl 3‐O‐β‐d‐glucopyranosyl‐4‐hydroxybenzoate. Compounds8,9, and11were isolated from genusHibiscus, and2–7and10were isolated fromH. hamabofor the first time. Their chemical structures were determined through the interpretation of spectroscopic data. The properties of the UVA photoaging induction assay of all isolated compounds were measured. Compounds3,8, and10exhibited recovery from photoaging induced by UVA in CCD‐986sk. These results suggest thatH. hamabois a potential source of natural antiphotoaging ingredients and can be used in cosmetic applications.
Photoresponsive prodrug‐dye nanoassembly for in‐situ monitorable cancer therapy
Authors: Long Kaiqi , Wang Yifan , Lv Wen , Yang Yang , Xu Shuting , Zhan Changyou , Wang Weiping 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPhotocleavable prodrugs enable controllable drug delivery to target sites modulated by light irradiation. However, the in vivo utility is usually hindered by their insolubility and inefficient delivery. In this study, we report a simple strategy of co‐assembling boron‐dipyrromethene‐chlorambucil prodrug and near‐infrared dye IR783 to fabricate photoresponsive nanoassemblies, which achieved both high prodrug loading capacity (~99%) and efficient light‐triggered prodrug activation. The incorporated IR783 dye not only stabilized the nanoparticles and contributed tumor targeting as usual, but also exhibited degradation after light irradiation and in‐situ monitoring of nanoparticle dissociation by fluorescent imaging. Systemic administration of the nanoparticles and localized light irradiation at tumor sites enabled monitorable and efficient drug release in vivo. Our results demonstrate that such prodrug‐dye co‐assembled nanomedicine is a promising formulation for photoresponsive drug delivery, which would advance the translation of photoresponsive nanomedicines.
Isolation and molecular characterization of circulating extracellular vesicles from blood of chronic Chagas disease patients
Authors: Madeira Rafael P. , Meneghetti Paula , de Barros Lucas A. , de Cassia Buck Paula , Mady Charles , Ianni Barbara M. , Fernandez‐Becerra Carmen , Torrecilhas Ana C. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer envelopes that encase several types of molecules. Their contents mostly reflect their cell origin and possible targets at other locations in the organism and can be modified in pathological conditions to interfere with intercellular communication, thus promoting disease establishment and development. These characteristics, in addition to their presence in virtually all body fluids, make such vesicles ideal for biomarker discovery in human diseases. Here, we describe the effect of different anticoagulants and the combination of two purification methods for isolation and characterization of circulating EVs from blood of chronic Chagas disease (CCD) patients. We illustrated this procedure by studying a population of patients with Chagas disease at the indeterminate chronic stage, in which the Trypanosoma cruzi is very scarce in circulation. EVs were harvested from blood collected without or with different anticoagulants. Protein and nanoparticle tracking analysis was used to measure EVs size and concentration. The EVs were purified by ultracentrifugation, followed by size‐exclusion chromatography and characterized by chemiluminescent enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and dot blot using antibodies that recognized parasite‐derived EVs, such as hyperimmune sera, polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies against trans‐sialidase and mucins. In parallel, antibodies against classical human EV markers CD9, CD63, CD81, and CD82, were also analyzed. The results showed that anticoagulants did not interfere with the analyzed parameters and circulating EVs from CCD patients contain T. cruzi antigens and classical human exosomal markers. Overall, our protocol is adequate for the isolation of the total circulating EVs and can serve as an important basis for further studies on biomarker discovery in Chagas' disease.
The Gore Cardioform Atrial Septal Defect Occluder: A novel solution to the management of severe hemolysis following transcatheter septal defect closure
Authors: Naimi Iman , Jones Thomas K. , Steinberg Zachary 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSignificant hemolysis is a recognized complication of transcatheter high‐velocity shunt occlusion using some Amplatzer devices. We describe a case of severe hemolysis following occlusion of an iatrogenic Gerbode defect with an Amplatzer muscular ventricular septal defect occluder successfully managed by transcatheter device removal and reocclusion with a Gore Cardioform Atrial Septal Defect Occluder.
Bronchogenic cyst of the posterior neck mimicking lymphatic malformation
Authors: Yee Addison , Navuluri Sriram , Sun Ravi , Lindsey Miki , Gonzalez‐Krellwitz Laura A , Strub Graham M 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBronchogenic cysts are embryologic malformations of the foregut and are rarely found head and neck region. Here we present a case of an upper scapular/lower posterior neck cystic mass which was initially suspicious for lymphatic malformation but confirmed by pathology to be an ectopic bronchogenic cyst.
Accidental ingestion of a dental bur in an 84‐year‐old male
Authors: Mulita Francesk , Panagiotopoulos Ioannis , Verras Georgios‐Ioannis , Liolis Elias , Tchabashvili Levan , Paraskevas Themistoklis , Iliopoulos Fotios , Bousis Dimitrios , Michailides Christos , Kaplanis Charalampos , Perdikaris Ioannis , Bouchagier Konstantinos , Filis Dimitrios , Velissaris Dimitrios 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis report describes the case of an 84‐year‐old male who was brought to the emergency room because a dental bur was swallowed accidentally during a dental procedure. The foreign body was successfully removed by gastroenterologists endoscopically 8 days after the ingestion and was identified as a 2‐cm‐long dental bur.
Simulation of a Depropanizer Distillation Column and Validation of Results by Industrial Data
Authors: Ayazi Arvin , Babakhani Davoud , Soleymani Meysam 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA depropanizer distillation column (DDC) that is widely used in oil refineries, was simulated by Aspen Plus using both equilibrium and non‐equilibrium models. The purpose of this simulation was selecting the most appropriate model to accurately predict the separation process in the DDC. Considering the temperature profile and mole fraction diagrams of the desired product (propane) in the distillation column, it was found that the equilibrium and non‐equilibrium models differ significantly in predicting the column behavior. Comparing the industrial data of the DDC with the results of the two mentioned approaches, it can be concluded that the non‐equilibrium model with the mass transfer coefficient from Chen and Chuang (1993) can simulate the DDC accurately.
Formation and Photoinduced Electron Transfer in Porphyrin‐ and Phthalocyanine‐Bearing N‐Doped Graphene Hybrids Synthesized by Click Chemistry
Authors: Arellano Luis M. , Gobeze Habtom B. , Jang Youngwoo , Barrejón Myriam , Parejo Concepción , Álvarez Julio C. , Gómez‐Escalonilla María J. , Sastre‐Santos Ángela , D'Souza Francis , Langa Fernando 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGraphene doped with heteroatoms such as nitrogen, boron, and phosphorous by replacing some of the skeletal carbon atoms is emerging as an important class of two‐dimensional materials as it offers the much‐needed bandgap for optoelectronic applications and provides better access for chemical functionalization at the heteroatom sites. Covalent grafting of photosensitizers onto such doped graphenes makes them extremely useful for light‐induced applications. Herein, we report the covalent functionalization of N‐doped graphene (NG) with two well‐known electron donor photosensitizers, namely, zinc porphyrin (ZnP) and zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc), using the simple click chemistry approach. Covalent attachment of ZnP and ZnPc at the N‐sites of NG in NG−ZnP and NG−ZnPc hybrids was confirmed by using a range of spectroscopic, thermogravimetric and imaging techniques. Ground‐ and excited‐state interactions in NG−ZnP and NG−ZnPc were monitored by using spectral and electrochemical techniques. Efficient quenching of photosensitizer fluorescence in these hybrids was observed, and the relatively easier oxidations of ZnP and ZnPc supported excited‐state charge‐separation events. Photoinduced charge separation in NG−ZnP and NG−ZnPc hybrids was confirmed by using the ultrafast pump‐probe technique. The measured rate constants were of the order of 1010 s,−1 thus indicating ultrafast electron transfer phenomena.
Experimental methods in chemical engineering: Gas chromatography—GC
Authors: Laajimi Hela , Galli Federico , Patience Gregory S. , Schieppati Dalma 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGas chromatography (GC) separates volatile and semi‐volatile liquids and gases based on their affinity for a stationary phase, either a thin liquid or a polymer layer on a solid. A gaseous mobile phase carries the volatile compounds from an injection port to a column with the stationary phase and then to an amdetector. The most common detectors are based on mass spectrometry (MS), thermal conductivity, and flame ionization. A furnace houses the columns and maintains or ramps temperatures to increase the separation efficiency—reduce run time or increase peak separation (resolution). The analyst chooses the chemistry of the stationary phase and the physical structure of the columns based on the polarity and functional groups of the solute. Packed columns tolerate impurities better than capillary columns that have a greater separating power and bleed the functional groups less. Efficiency is best when the sample polarity matches the column polarity. High temperatures and contamination cause columns to bleed the active components, which reduces the resolution but might also introduce ghost peaks to the chromatogram. The Web of Science assigned 15 000 articles to chemical engineering that mention GC and gas chromatography as keywords. Since 2017, it has indexed close to 1000 new articles every year. A bibliometric analysis classifies these contributions into four clusters: (1) pyrolysis and biomass, (2) GC–MS and extraction, (3) lignin and aromatics, and (4) decomposition and kinetics.
Conception and Evaluation of Fluorescent Phosphine‐Gold Complexes: From Synthesis to in vivo Investigations
Authors: Rousselle Benjamin , Massot Aurélie , Privat Malorie , Dondaine Lucile , Trommenschlager Audrey , Bouyer Florence , Bayardon Jérôme , Ghiringhelli François , Bettaieb Ali , Goze Christine , Paul Catherine , Malacea‐Kabbara Raluca , Bodio Ewen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA phosphine gold(I) and phosphine‐phosphonium gold(I) complexes bearing a fluorescent coumarin moiety were synthesized and characterized. Both complexes displayed interesting photophysical properties: good molar absorption coefficient, good quantum yield of fluorescence, and ability to be tracked in vitro thanks to two‐photon imaging. Their in vitro and in vivo biological properties were evaluated onto cancer cell lines both human and murine and into CT26 tumor‐bearing BALB/c mice. They displayed moderate to strong antiproliferative properties and the phosphine‐phosphonium gold(I) complex induced significant in vivo anti‐cancer effect.