bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reasons for discontinuation of methotrexate in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and challenges of methotrexate resumption: a single-center, retrospective study
Authors: Nagafuchi Hiroko , Goto Yutaka , Kiyokawa Tomofumi , Kawahata Kimito 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Methotrexate (MTX) is an anchor drug used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA); hence, understanding the reasons for MTX discontinuation in RA can help improve its treatment. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the reasons for MTX discontinuation and to identify future challenges in RA treatment regarding the discontinuation and resumption of MTX treatment.

Results
MTX administration was discontinued in 771 patients with RA. The reasons for MTX discontinuation were as follows: (1) infectious diseases (20.0%), (2) malignancy (14.1%), and (3) respiratory problems (10.2%). Some patients did not resume MTX therapy even after the infections were cured. Liver dysfunction (8.0%) did not improve with MTX discontinuation and was often associated with fatty liver disease. In addition to adverse events, MTX discontinuation was due to patient preference (4.3%), planning for pregnancy (5.1%), invalidity (5.7%), remission (5.6%), remission with biologics (4.7%), old age (2.6%), and poor compliance (1.6%).

Conclusions
This study revealed diverse reasons for the discontinuation of MTX; there are cases in which MTX is discontinued but should be considered for resumption. Furthermore, issues such as the indications for MTX discontinuation should still be debated, and multicenter evidence must be collected and examined in future studies.
BRCA-CRisk: A Contralateral Breast Cancer Risk Prediction Model forBRCACarriers
Authors: Sun Jie , Chu Futao , Pan Jiani , Zhang Yaxin , Yao Lu , Chen Jiuan , Hu Li , Zhang Juan , Xu Ye , Wang Xiaojia , Cao Wenming , Xie Yuntao 
Published: December 2022

PURPOSEThe absolute cumulative risk of contralateral breast cancer (CBC) for patients with BRCA1/ 2 variants is unknown. The purpose of this study was to develop a CBC risk prediction model for assessing CBC risk for BRCA1/ 2 carriers.METHODSThe primary cohort of 491 patients with BRCA1/ 2 variants was derived from a large series of unselected patients with breast cancer. A nomogram was established on the basis of the results of a multivariate Cox regression analysis from this cohort. This model, named BRCA-CRisk, was further validated by an independent cohort of 205 patients with BRCA1/ 2 variants. Discrimination and calibration of the model were assessed.RESULTSIn the primary cohort of 491 patients, 66 developed contralateral breast cancer after a median follow-up of 7.0 years. Four variables were significantly associated with risk of CBC and were incorporated in the establishment of the BRCA-CRisk prediction model: younger age at first breast cancer (with continuous variable, P = .002), positive first-degree family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer (hazard ratio [HR], 1.89; 95% CI, 1.16 to 3.08; P = .011), variant located near the 3′ region of BRCA (HR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.23 to 3.30; P = .006), and endocrine therapy (HR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.33 to 0.88; P = .013). The area under the time-dependent curves for the 5- and 10-year cumulative risks of CBC were 0.775 and 0.702, respectively. The model was well validated in the independent cohort of 205 BRCA1/ 2 carriers, with area under the curves of 0.750 and 0.691 for 5 and 10 years, respectively.CONCLUSIONBRCA-CRisk model provides a useful tool for assessing the absolute cumulative risk of CBC for BRCA1/ 2 carriers and may help carriers and clinicians optimally select risk-reducing strategies on the basis of individual CBC risk.
Plasticity in Na+/K+-ATPase thermal kinetics drives variation in the temperature of cold-induced neural shutdown of adult Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Andersen Mads Kuhlmann , Robertson R. Meldrum , MacMillan Heath A. 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
Most insects can acclimate to changes in their thermal environment and counteract temperature effects on neuromuscular function. At the critical thermal minimum, a spreading depolarization (SD) event silences central neurons, but the temperature at which this event occurs can be altered through acclimation. SD is triggered by an inability to maintain ion homeostasis in the extracellular space in the brain and is characterized by a rapid surge in extracellular K+ concentration, implicating ion pump and channel function. Here, we focused on the role of the Na+/K+-ATPase specifically in lowering the SD temperature in cold-acclimated Drosophila melanogaster. After first confirming cold acclimation altered SD onset, we investigated the dependency of the SD event on Na+/K+-ATPase activity by injecting the inhibitor ouabain into the head of the flies to induce SD over a range of temperatures. Latency to SD followed the pattern of a thermal performance curve, but cold acclimation resulted in a left-shift of the curve to an extent similar to its effect on the SD temperature. With Na+/K+-ATPase activity assays and immunoblots, we found that cold-acclimated flies have ion pumps that are less sensitive to temperature, but do not differ in their overall abundance in the brain. Combined, these findings suggest a key role for plasticity in Na+/K+-ATPase thermal sensitivity in maintaining central nervous system function in the cold, and more broadly highlight that a single ion pump can be an important determinant of whether insects can respond to their environment to remain active at low temperatures.
Carotenoids from female Grapsus albolineatus as potential anti-ageing compounds
Authors: Paransa Darus Saadah Johanis , Kemer Kurniati , Mantiri Desy Maria Helena , Kepel Rene Charles , Suleman Dininurilmi Putri , Soemantri Ara Deani , Kurnia Dikdik 
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Grapsus albolineatus is thought to have a high concentration of carotenoid pigments. Although studies on male G. albolineatus have been conducted, no studies on pigment extraction from female G. albolineatus have been carried out. Carotenoids have a high ability to fight free radicals. Previous research has shown that carotenoids can fight free radicals that cause premature skin-aging. The purpose of this research was to find out what kinds of carotenoids are found in G. albolineatus and whether they can act as natural inhibitors of proteins that cause premature aging, such as glucogenase, elastase, and hyaluronidase enzymes. Methods: Carotenoids were extracted from G. albolineatus using column chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); molecular docking and visualization were done with Autodock 4.2 and Discovery Studio/Biovia, respectively. Results: According to HPLC data, there are carotenoid pigments such as didehydroastaxanthin, tetrahydroastaxanthin, dihydroastaxanthin, diatoxanthin, astaxanthin, and adonixanthin. According to molecular docking experiments, pigment carotenoids from G. albolineatus are efficient inhibitors of protein elastase and hyaluronidase. Conclusions: G. albolineatus carotenoids have the potential to be anti-aging since they are more effective as protein elastase and hyaluronidase inhibitors than their native inhibitors.
Case Report: An exceptionally large spindle cell lipoma of the popliteal fossa
Authors: Elafram Rafik , Ben Romdhane Majdi , Khessairi Nayssem , Ben Rjeb Sarra , Toumi Saif , Sghaier Majdi 
Published: December 2022

Background: Spindle cell lipoma (SCL) is an uncommon subtype of lipomas. It usually occurs in the posterior side of the trunk such as neck, back and shoulders and rarely touches the extremities. Only four cases of SCL of the knee and no cases of SCL of the popliteal fossa have been reported in the literature. We present herein the largest case of SCL of the popliteal fossa and knee to our knowledge. Case presentation: A 75-year-old woman presented with a slow growing swelling of the left knee. Physical examination showed a 12 cm well-limited painless mass of the left popliteal fossa. The mass was pediculated with a central ulceration. MRI scan showed a tumoral mass of the left popliteal fossa with some non-dilated vessels draining to the long saphenous vein. The mass had no evidence of invasion of the underlying tissues. The patient underwent a surgical resection of the mass with postoperative recovery. The histological examination revealed a tumoral proliferation diffusely expressing CD34 without malignancy evidence, and a Ki67 proliferation index <1%. This morphological and immunohistochemical aspect is typical of a SCL. Clinical discussion: SCL is a rare histological variant of lipoma occurring mostly in the posterior side of the upper trunk. SCL of the knee or the popliteal fossa are exceptional. Clinically, it presents as a gradually increasing painless mass with a long evolving history. Histologically, these tumors are made of spindle-shaped cells, rope-like collagen fibers and mature adipocytes surrounded by a fibrous capsule. Immunohistologically, spindle cell lipomas usually show diffuse and strong expression of CD34, and to a lesser degree vimentin. The optimal treatment of SCL is a surgical marginal resection. Conclusions: SCL represents an infrequent subtype, and its atypical presentation should push clinicians to further investigations in order to rule out more worrisome malignancies.
Combining thermal imaging and spectral pyrometry for express temperature mapping in additive manufacturing
Authors: Grishin M. Ya. , Sdvizhenskii P. A. , Asyutin R. D. , Tretyakov R. S. , Stavertiy A. Ya. , Pershin S. M. , Liu D. S. , Lednev V. N. 
Published: December 2022

A compact and low-cost two-dimensional (2D) thermal imager was developed for real-time temperature mapping of a melt pool during coaxial laser cladding (the additive manufacturing technique). The device combines a color CMOS camera and a compact spectrometer. The spectrometer was utilized for internal calibration and validation of a 2D temperature map that was acquired by the CMOS camera. The remarkable feature of the thermal imager is that camera images are calibrated directly during the measurement process utilizing spectral pyrometry. Additionally, the spectrometer decreased a potential systematic error due to a spectrum contribution from atomic/ionic lines emission. The spectral pyrometry provided temperature accuracy measurements of

±

23

K

while two-dimensional (2D) temperature mapping by two-color pyrometry accuracy was estimated as

±

38

K

in the range of 1700–3500 K. The system has been installed at a coaxial laser cladding head for real-time temperature mapping. The system was developed for measuring a melt pool during laser cladding production of a high wear-resistant coating (tungsten carbide particles in a nickel matrix). Tungsten carbides powder flow rate has been changed sequentially from 5 to 27 g/min by powder feeder programming, which resulted in a variation of melt pool dimensions and temperature maps during the cladding process.
The prognosis of lipid reprogramming with the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, rosuvastatin, in castrated Egyptian prostate cancer patients: Randomized trial
Authors: Karkeet Riham M. , Zekri Abdelrahman N. , Sayed-Ahmed Mohamed M. , Sherif Ghada M. , Salem Salem E. , Abdelbary Ahmed , Fouad Mariam A. , Saad Sherif Y. 
Published: December 2022

Aim
The role of surgical castration and rosuvastatin treatment on lipid profile and lipid metabolism related markers was evaluated for their prognostic significance in metastatic prostate cancer (mPC) patients.

Methods
A total of 84 newly diagnosed castrated mPC patients treated with castration were recruited and divided into two groups: Group I served as control (statin non-users) while group II treated with Rosuvastatin (20 mg/day) for 6 months and served as statin users. Prostate specific antigen (PSA), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Caveolin-1 (CAV1), lipid profile (LDL, HDL, triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC)) and lipid metabolism related markers (aldoketoreductase (AKR1C4), HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR), ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), and soluble low density lipoprotein receptor related protein 1 (SLDLRP1)) were measured at baseline, after 3 and 6 months. Overall survival (OS) was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier and COX regression for prognostic significance.

Results
Before castration, HMG-CoA reductase was elevated in patients <65 years (P = 0.009). Bone metastasis was associated with high PSA level (P = 0.013), but low HMGCR (P = 0.004). Patients with positive family history for prostate cancer showed high levels of EGFR, TG, TC, LDL, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), but low AKR1C4, SLDLRP1, CAV1 and ABCA-1 levels. Smokers had high CAV1 level (P = 0.017). After 6 months of castration and rosuvastatin administration, PSA, TG, LDL and TC were significantly reduced, while AKR1C4, HMGCR, SLDLRP1, CAV1 and ABCA-1 were significantly increased. Overall survival was reduced in patients with high baseline of SLDLRP1 (>3385 pg/ml, P = 0.001), PSA (>40 ng/ml, P = 0.003) and CAV1 (>4955 pg/ml, P = 0.021).

Conclusion
Results of the current study suggest that the peripheral lipidogenic effects of rosuvastatin may have an impact on the treatment outcome and survival of castrated mPC patients.

Trail registration
This trial was registered at the Pan African Clinical Trial Registry with identification number PACTR202102664354163 and at ClinicalTrials.gov with identification number NCT04776889.
Redes do agronegócio canavieiro: a territorialização do Grupo Tércio Wanderley no Triângulo Mineiro/Alto Paranaíba-MG
Authors: Campos Natália Lorena , Cleps Junior João 
Published: December 2022

A presente pesquisa tem como objeto a atuação do Grupo Tércio Wanderley – grupo tradicional nordestino do setor sucroenergético e com atuação nas últimas décadas na região Triângulo Mineiro/Alto Paranaíba no estado de Minas Gerais. A migração deste grupo para Minas Gerais ocorre justamente no processo de reestruturação produtiva que ocorreu a partir da década de 1980. Com a análise das estratégias de ação deste grupo na região pretendemos analisar como a produção agroindustrial se organiza por meio das redes, técnicas e produtivas, dentro da lógica dos circuitos espaciais produtivos. Esta organização em rede modifica substancialmente as relações com território, sobretudo, no que tange o controle produtivo. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa foi construída a partirde levantamentos de dados a respeito do setor sucroenergético em boletins e jornais afins, estudo do Grupo Tércio Wanderley e pesquisa de campo nas unidades mineiras do grupo, onde entrevistamos funcionários, fornecedores e trabalhadores da empresa. O processo de reestruturação produtiva no setor sucroenergético levou à reorganização territorial, resultando em novos arranjos territoriais cujas redes é o elemento de amalgama, criando novas territorialidades, desterritorializando e reterritorializando outras.
Políticas públicas e masculinização rural no Rio Grande do Sul - uma abordagem a partir das condições regionais
Authors: Costa Cassiane da , Froehlich José Marcos 
Published: December 2022

Nas últimas décadas, a população rural do Rio Grande do Sul (RS) vem passando por
um processo de masculinização, provocado pelo êxodo rural seletivo de mulheres.
Considerando que este processo guarda relação com especificidades regionais, este
artigo relaciona algumas das principais políticas públicas brasileiras voltadas Ã s
mulheres rurais com as condições específicas dos nove sistemas agrários do RS. Para
possibilitar melhor eficácia no enfrentamento da masculinização rural, estas políticas
precisam passar a considerar as especificidades regionais, o que não acontece, já que
são genéricas. Sugere-se, de forma geral, que o foco das ações deve priorizar as regiões
onde o processo é mais intenso, promovendo a agricultura familiar e a intensificação
dos sistemas produtivos. Considera-se, por fim, que a adequação de políticas públicas Ã s
especificidades regionais pode apresentar maior capacidade de promover a permanência
das mulheres no rural, resultando em redução da masculinização e contribuindo para a
sustentabilidade social dos territórios rurais.
A produção sucroalcooleira em Morro Agudo (SP) e a migração piauiense
Authors: Costa Ana Luiza Santos , Cleps Geisa Daise Gumiero 
Published: December 2022

A cana de açúcar trouxe desenvolvimento a muitos municípios paulistas, tornando-se
uma característica marcante daquele estado. Morro Agudo (SP), localizado na
Mesorregião de Ribeirão Preto, não possui mão de obra suficiente para a colheita da
cana de açúcar. Por isso, todos os anos, centenas de pessoas oriundos do estado do
Piauí, migram para Morro Agudo na época da colheita, interferindo não só na economia,
como também na produção do espaço urbano e rural do município. Nesta perspectiva,
neste artigo buscou-se compreender a dinâmica populacional do município, assim como
sua organização, as principais atividades econômicas praticadas e a migração como
fator de influência na economia e hábitos locais. O estudo possibilitou compreender as
condições de vida dos migrantes em seus municípios de origem e os fatores que
motivaram o processo de mobilidade populacional para Morro Agudo e, também, para
outros estados brasileiros.
Land and degradation as a complex stability problem
Authors: Thornes John B B. 
Published: December 2022

This paper reviews recent work in the fields of ecology and economic ecology that contribute
to a better understanding of the grazing and erosion debate. The approach is through
dynamical systems models represented by differential equations and expressed by the phasespace
diagrams for systems. The trophic web concept constrained by competitive and societal
objective functions is found to be suitable to free-range grazing in environments that are
spatially variable in their productivity. New models are needed for the case of grazing
managed by shepherds.
The development of sustainble cropping systems in the highlands of South-East Asia: general lessons for development projects
Authors: Fullen Michael A. 
Published: December 2022

Soil conservation in the highlands of South-East Asia is essential for sustainable
agro-environmental development. The effectiveness of soil conservation treatments developed
in runoff plots was investigated in farmer-managed plots on a natural catchment. This was
achieved by the development and scientific evaluation of modified and novel cropping
practices in a representative highland catchment in Yunnan Province, China. Wang Jia
Catchment covers 40.1 hectares near Kedu, in Xundian County, north-east Yunnan (25o28'N,
102o53'E). The initial project consisted of an evaluation of the effects of modified cropping
practices on maize productivity and soil properties. This programme was extended to
investigate ways of increasing the productivity of maize, wheat and soybean on fragile slopes
in a sustainable and environmentally-friendly way. The approach incorporates modified and
novel agronomic and soil conservation measures, with the evaluation of their agricultural,
environmental and socio-economic impacts using multidisciplinary approaches. This European
Union funded project involved an international research team from Belgium, China, Ireland,
Thailand and the U.K. Five co-ordinated work packages were implemented. Involving: (1)
Background agricultural and environmental assessment of Wang Jia Catchment. (2)
Implementation and evaluation of modified and novel cropping systems for wheat, maize and
soybean in the catchment. (3) Cost-benefit analyses of the socio-economic impacts of the
changed cropping practices. (4) Comparative scientific evaluation of the cropping techniques
in the highlands of northern Thailand. (5) Dissemination of project outcomes and
establishment of training programmes for best practice in highland rural development. The
lessons of the Project for promoting sustainable agro-environmental development in tropical
and subtropical highlands include: (1) Recognizing the importance of both 'north-south' and
'south-south' co-operation in development projects, (2) Integrating local people as full partners
in the research programme, (3) Matching the different 'time horizons' of the different
stakeholders and (4) Developing multidisciplinary teams, including biophysical scientists and socio-economists.
Geomorfological assessment on the environmental analysis of the Serra das Confusões National Park- Piauí State - Brazil
Authors: Rocha André Magalhães , Marçal Mônica dos Santos , Guerra Antonio José Teixeira 
Published: December 2022

The Serra das Confusões National Park is the largest park in northeastern Brazil, with
a total area of 502902ha, including 9 municipalities, all in Piauí State, with the headquarters
located in Caracol City.
The Park is situated on the top of a plateau, latitude 8°30'S; 9°30'S, longitude 43°W;
44°W, drained by channels which flow northwards to Parnaíba river, the main river of Piauí
State.
Serra das Confusões National Park area is in on morphoestructural and
morphoclimatical units inside the Piauí-Maranhão sedimentary basin plateau of the
interplateau depression with a semiarid domain, covered by caatinga vegetation
(RADAMBRASIL, 1973). The transition zone between Caatinga and Cerrado on the plateau,
depressions and complex areas has a vegetation named Carrasco.
This paper aims to show a preliminary version regarding geology, geomorphology,
pedology and hydrological dynamics on the environmental characterization of the Park and
therefore to identify risk areas, to create a use planning and management for the area to
improve a better use for these potentials.
The Parks geomorphological analysis can be justified by the high importance to
understand the natural and social reality of the National Park, showing restrictions on use,
always aiming the sustainability of the ecosystem delicate equilibrium, the physical
environment, together with the visitor's safety.
Legal aspects on brazilian land use and sil and water conservation
Authors: Cunha Pedro , Alípaz Suzana , Santos Devanir Garcia dos 
Published: December 2022

The National Water Agency - ANA is responsible for the implementation of the National
Water Resources Policy, that policy mentioned in the Law n. º 9.433/97, has to be integrated
to the others, municipalities, estate and federal Policies, on the soil and water conservation
aspects, to obey the item VI, of article 24, from the Federal Constitution, amongst others laws
listed below:
Law n.º 9.984/00
Law n.º 6.225/75
Therefore, a specific law does not exist but a delegation of powers to the Ministry of
Agriculture for the promotion, supervision and orientation of the national land use and soil
conservation policy.
This competence was executed through programs of that Ministry and despite the generated
advances, for example, with the National Program of Watersheds, that had success in some
states of the south and southeastern region, in years 70 and 80, but it had problems.
The implementation of these programs was subjects to the interests of the governing and
ministers who had occupied the folder of the Ministry of Agriculture, occurring
discontinuities and not having of fact the creation and implantation of one policy of state on
national land use and soil and water conservation.
It is in the context of the interaction of the soil and water conservation with the water
availability and its multiple uses, imposes the implantation of one national land use and soil
and water conservation policy, better formatted, in order to prevent discontinuities. However, even so all the related legal body to the subject mentions "incentives" for the soil
and water conservation, its viability is tied necessarily with the regulation of these devices,
that never was considered and remains in open.
Had the great interaction between soil and water and considering the effect that the land use
and the conservation of the soil on the quality and quantity of water from the watershed,
consider it is proposed the articulation and development of one national land use and soil and
water conservation policy.