bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Composition and Preparation Method of Rhenium- and Tungsten-Containing Porous Ceramic Converters Influence on the Cumene Dehydrogenation to α-Methylstyrene Process Specific Features
Authors: Fedotov A. S. , Bagdatov R. A. , Grachev D. Yu. , Uvarov V. I. , Kapustin R. D. , Alymov M. I. , Paul S. , Tsodikov M. V. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The latest research results on the specific features of the process of cumene dehydrogenation to α-methylstyrene (AMS) on the porous ceramic catalytic converters were presented. The influence of the method of formation of the mono- and bimetallic rhenium- and tungsten-based components on the activity and selectivity of the synthesized converters was evaluated. It was found that the monometallic tungsten-containing converter obtained by combining self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) with the sol-gel process has the optimal composition. The experiments showed that, for this converter, the temperature range of effective operation is 550–600°C. In this range the space-time yield of AMS reached 14% at a maximum productivity of 20.57 g h–1 dm–3. The degree of carburization of the sample after 6 h of the experiment did not exceed 5 wt %, indicating its high resistance against coking.
Recent information on test utilization and intraindividual change in anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody in Korea: a retrospective study
Authors: Choi Rihwa , Park Wonseo , Chun Gayoung , Lee Jiwon , Lee Sang Gon , Lee Eun Hee 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionThis study aimed to evaluate the test utilization and intraindividual changes of anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GADA), a biomarker for autoimmune diabetes in Korean adults.Research design and methodsWe retrospectively investigated longitudinally measured GADA test results to assess test utilization and intraindividual changes through a laboratory information system.ResultsDuring the 3-year study period, 11 668 GADA tests were performed in 11 184 Korean adults. The overall rate of GADA positivity at initial measurement was 7.8%. Among the 11 668 test results, 871 GADA test results from 401 Korean patients (228 men and 173 women) requested by 54 hospitals were analyzed for intraindividual changes. Among these 401 patients, 80 (20.0%) had positive (≥2.0 U/mL) and 35 (8.7%) had gray zone GADA (1.0–1.9 U/mL) level at initial measurement. The prevalence of GADA-positive patients based on initial measurement was significantly different by type of medical institution. Among 80 patients with initial positive results, 5 (6.3%) experienced qualitative GADA changes during follow-up. Among the 321 patients with initially negative or gray zone GADA, 9 (2.8%) changed to GADA positive at least once during follow-up.ConclusionsAlthough most patients had stable GADA results, some exhibited qualitative changes during follow-up. This study can help to understand the variation in GADA positivity in the monitored patients.
Psychometric properties of self-reported financial toxicity measures in cancer survivors: a systematic review
Authors: Zhu Zheng , Xing Weijie , Wen Huan , Sun Yanling , So Winnie K W , Lizarondo Lucylynn , Peng Jian , Hu Yan 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveThe aim of this systematic review was to summarise the psychometric properties of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) measuring financial toxicity (FT) in cancer survivors.DesignThis systematic review was conducted according to the guidance of the Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) methodology.Data sourcesComprehensive searches were performed in PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, ProQuest and Cochrane Library from database inception to February 2022.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesWe included studies that reported any PROMs for measuring FT in cancer survivors who were ≥18 years old. FT was defined as perceived subjective financial distress resulting from objective financial burden. Studies that were not validation studies and that used a PROM only as an outcome measurement were excluded.Data extraction and synthesisTwo reviewers independently extracted data from the included papers. We used the COSMIN criteria to summarise and evaluate the psychometric properties of each study regarding structural validity, internal consistency, reliability, measurement error, hypothesis testing for construct validity, cross-cultural validity/measurement invariance, criterion validity and responsiveness.ResultsA total of 23 articles (21 PROMs) were eligible for inclusion in this study. The findings highlighted that the Comprehensive Score for Financial Toxicity (COST) had an adequate development process and showed better psychometric properties than other PROMs, especially in internal consistency (Cronbach’s α=0.92), reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient=0.80) and hypothesis testing (r=0.42–0.20).ConclusionsFrom a psychometric property perspective, the COST could be recommended as the most suitable worldwide available measure for use in research and clinical practice across different contexts. We suggest that PROMs should be selected only after careful consideration of the local socioeconomic context. Future studies are warranted to develop various FT PROMs based on different social and cultural backgrounds and to clarify the theoretical grounds for assessing FT.
Bearberry in the treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis (BRUMI): protocol of a multicentre, randomised double-blind clinical trial
Authors: Tóth Barbara , Jávorházy András , Nyirády Péter , Csupor-Löffler Boglárka , Birinyi Péter , Zhanel George , Naber Kurt , Länger Reinhard , Vörhendi Nóra , Gede Noémi , Váncsa Szilárd , Hegyi Péter , Csupor Dezső 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundBearberry (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi) leaf is available as a treatment of uncomplicated cystitis in several European countries. The antimicrobial activity of its extracts and some of its individual constituents has been observed in vitro; however, the efficacy of bearberry compared with standard antimicrobial therapy has not been assessed yet.ObjectiveThe objective of the study is to assess the safety and non-inferiority of bearberry as an alternative therapy in the treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis in comparison with standard antibiotic therapy (fosfomycin).Methods and analysisThis is a randomised controlled double-blinded multicentre trial. Eligible patients will be premenopausal women with a sum score of ≥6 for the typical acute uncomplicated cystitis symptoms (frequency, urgency, painful urination, incomplete emptying, suprapubic pain and visible haematuria) reported on the Acute Cystitis Symptom Score (ACSS) typical domain and pyuria. Patients will be randomly assigned to receive 3 g single dose of fosfomycin powder and two placebo tablets three times a day for 7 days or B a single dose of placebo powder and two tablets containing a dry extract of Uvae ursi folium. At least 504 patients (allocated as 1:1) will need to be enrolled to access non-inferiority with a non-inferiority limit of 14% for the primary endpoint.Improvement of symptoms of uncomplicated cystitis (based on the ACSS score) at day 7 is defined as the primary endpoint, whereas several secondary endpoints such as the number and ratio of patients with bacteriuria at day 7, frequency and severity of side effects; recurrence of urinary tract infection, concurrent use of other over the counter (OTC) medications and food supplements will be determined to elucidate more detailed differences between the groups. The number of recurrences and medications taken for treatment will be monitored for a follow-up period of 90 days (80–100 days).Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by the Scientific and Research Ethics Committee of the Hungarian Medical Research Council (IV/4225-1/2021/EKU). The results will be disseminated by publication of peer-reviewed manuscripts.Trial registration numberNCT05055544.
Effects of a multicomponent resistance-based exercise program with protein, vitamin D and calcium supplementation on cognition in men with prostate cancer treated with ADT: secondary analysis of a 12-month randomised controlled trial
Authors: Mundell Niamh L , Owen Patrick J , Dalla Via Jack , Macpherson Helen , Daly Robin M , Livingston Patricia M , Rantalainen Timo , Foulkes Stephen J , Millar Jeremy L , Murphy Declan G , Fraser Steve F 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesThe aim of this preplanned secondary analysis of a 12-month randomised controlled trial was to investigate the effects of a multicomponent exercise programme combined with daily whey protein, calcium and vitamin D supplementation on cognition in men with prostate cancer treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).Design12-month, two-arm, randomised controlled trial.SettingUniversity clinical exercise centre.Participants70 ADT-treated men were randomised to exercise-training plus supplementation (Ex+ Suppl, n=34) or usual care (control, n=36).InterventionMen allocated to Ex + Suppl undertook thrice weekly resistance training with weight-bearing exercise training plus daily whey protein (25 g), calcium (1200 mg) and vitamin D (2000 IU) supplementation.Primary and secondary outcome measuresCognition was assessed at baseline, 6 and 12 months via a computerised battery (CogState), Trail-making test, Rey auditory-verbal learning test and Digit span. Data were analysed with linear mixed models and an intention-to-treat and prespecified per-protocol approach (exercise-training: ≥66%, nutritional supplement: ≥80%).ResultsSixty (86%) men completed the trial (Ex + Suppl, n=31; control, n=29). Five (7.1%) men were classified as having mild cognitive impairment at baseline. Median (IQR) adherence to the exercise and supplement was 56% (37%–82%) and 91% (66%–97%), respectively. Ex + Suppl had no effect on cognition at any time.ConclusionsA 12-month multicomponent exercise training and supplementation intervention had no significant effect on cognition in men treated with ADT for prostate cancer compared with usual care. Exercise training adherence below recommended guidelines does not support cognitive health in men treated with ADT for prostate cancer.Trial registration numberAustralian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ACTRN12614000317695, registered 25/03/2014) and acknowledged under the Therapeutic Goods Administration Clinical Trial Notification Scheme (CT-2015-CTN-03372-1 v1).
Economic evaluations of audit and feedback interventions: a systematic review
Authors: Moore Lynne , Guertin Jason Robert , Tardif Pier-Alexandre , Ivers Noah Michael , Hoch Jeffrey , Conombo Blanchard , Antony Jesmin , Stelfox Henry Thomas , Berthelot Simon , Archambault Patrick , Turgeon Alexis , Gandhi Rohit , Grimshaw JM 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundThe effectiveness of audit and feedback (A&F) interventions to improve compliance to healthcare guidelines is supported by randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses of RCTs. However, there is currently a knowledge gap on their cost-effectiveness.ObjectiveWe aimed to assess whether A&F interventions targeting improvements in compliance to recommended care are economically favourable.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review including experimental, observational and simulation-based economic evaluation studies of A&F interventions targeting healthcare providers. Comparators were a ‘do nothing’ strategy, or any other intervention not involving A&F or involving a subset of A&F intervention components. We searched MEDLINE, CINAHL, CENTRAL, Econlit, EMBASE, Health Technology Assessment Database, MEDLINE, NHS Economic Evaluation Database, ABI/INFORM, Web of Science, ProQuest and websites of healthcare quality associations to December 2021. Outcomes were incremental cost-effectiveness ratios, incremental cost-utility ratios, incremental net benefit and incremental cost-benefit ratios. Pairs of reviewers independently selected eligible studies and extracted relevant data. Reporting quality was evaluated using CHEERS (Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards). Results were synthesised using permutation matrices for all studies and predefined subgroups.ResultsOf 13 221 unique citations, 35 studies met our inclusion criteria. The A&F intervention was dominant (ie, at least as effective with lower cost) in 7 studies, potentially cost-effective in 26 and was dominated (ie, the same or less effectiveness and higher costs) in 2 studies. A&F interventions were more likely to be economically favourable in studies based on health outcomes rather than compliance to recommended practice, considering medical costs in addition to intervention costs, published since 2010, and with high reporting quality.DiscussionResults suggest that A&F interventions may have a high potential to be cost-effective. However, as is common in systematic reviews of economic evaluations, publication bias could have led to an overestimation of their economic value.
Impact of different climatic conditions on peak core temperature of elite athletes during exercise in the heat: a Thermo Tokyo simulation study
Authors: Teunissen Lennart P J , Jansen Kaspar M B , Janssen Emiel , Kingma Boris R M , de Korte Johannus Q , Eijsvogels Thijs M H 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesTo evaluate how separate and combined climatic parameters affect peak core temperature during exercise in the heat using computer simulations fed with individual data.MethodsThe impact of eight environmental conditions on rectal temperature (Tre) was determined for exercise under heat stress using the Fiala-thermal-Physiology-and-Comfort simulation model. Variations in ambient temperature (Ta±6°C), relative humidity (RH±15%) and solar radiation (SR+921 W/m2) were assessed in isolation and combination (worst-case/best-case scenarios) and compared with baseline (Ta32°C, RH 75%, SR 0 W/m2). The simulation model was fed with personal, anthropometric and individual exercise characteristics.Results54 athletes exercised for 46±10 min at baseline conditions and achieved a peak core temperature of 38.9±0.5°C. Simulations at a higher Ta(38°C) and SR (921 W/m2) resulted in a higher peak Trecompared with baseline (+0.6±0.3°C and +0.5±0.2°C, respectively), whereas a higher RH (90%) hardly affected peak Tre(+0.1±0.1°C). A lower Ta(26°C) and RH (60%) reduced peak Treby −0.4±0.2°C and a minor −0.1±0.1°C, respectively. The worst-case simulation yielded a 1.5±0.4°C higher Trethan baseline and 2.0±0.7°C higher than the best-case condition.ConclusionCombined unfavourable climatic conditions produce a greater increase in peak core temperature than the sum of its parts in elite athletes exercising in the heat.
Lessons from an audit of exclusive enteral nutrition in adult inpatients and outpatients with active Crohn’s disease: a single-centre experience
Authors: Melton Sarah L , Fitzpatrick Jessica A , Taylor Kirstin M , Halmos Emma P , Gibson Peter R 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate clinical outcomes, patterns of use, tolerance and nutritional outcomes of exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) in adults with Crohn’s disease and to compare initiation in the inpatient compared with ambulatory care setting.Design/methodAdults with Crohn’s disease who received EEN at a single centre over 2.5 years were identified and outcomes assessed via examination of patient records.ResultsEEN was initiated in 60 patients (23 as an outpatient) who had objective evidence of active disease. Of 49 in whom the goal was induction of remission, 28 completed EEN and 24 achieved clinical remission/response. Twenty-one withdrew prematurely, due to intolerance in 15 and disease factors in 6. Of 11 with a planned intervention, 6 fulfilled the goal of downstaging disease while two were intolerant. Completion of the prescribed therapy was associated with self-reported adherence to EEN and with improvements in disease activity scores and biochemical markers. Malnutrition halved (40% to 20%) and intentional weight loss (median 5.1 kg) was achieved in six obese patients. The major reason for intolerance was the inability to accept total avoidance of non-formula food. There were no differences in any outcomes according to the location of initiation of therapy.ConclusionPositive outcomes occur in 70% of adult patients with Crohn’s disease tolerating EEN and 81% in those who are able to completely adhere to EEN, without compromise of nutritional status. Similar success occurs when initiated as an inpatient or outpatient. Failure to tolerate EEN is the major hurdle to its use.
Activation of NOTCH signaling via DLL1 is mediated by APE1-redox-dependent NF-κB activation in oesophageal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Chen Lei , Lu Heng , Peng Dunfa , Cao Long Long , Ballout Farah , Srirmajayam Kannappan , Chen Zheng , Bhat Ajaz , Wang Timothy C , Capobianco Anthony , Que Jianwen , McDonald Oliver Gene , Zaika Alexander , Zhang Shutian , El-Rifai Wael 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveOesophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) arises in the setting of Barrett’s oesophagus, an intestinal metaplastic precursor lesion that can develop in patients with chronic GERD. Here, we investigated the role of acidic bile salts, the mimicry of reflux, in activation of NOTCH signaling in EAC.DesignThis study used public databases, EAC cell line models, L2-IL1β transgenic mouse model and human EAC tissue samples to identify mechanisms of NOTCH activation under reflux conditions.ResultsAnalysis of public databases demonstrated significant upregulation of NOTCH signaling components in EAC. In vitro studies demonstrated nuclear accumulation of active NOTCH1 cleaved fragment (NOTCH intracellular domain) and upregulation of NOTCH targets in EAC cells in response to reflux conditions. Additional investigations identified DLL1 as the predominant ligand contributing to NOTCH1 activation under reflux conditions. We discovered a novel crosstalk between APE1 redox function, reflux-induced inflammation and DLL1 upregulation where NF-κB can directly bind to and induce the expression of DLL1. The APE1 redox function was crucial for activation of the APE1-NF-κB-NOTCH axis and promoting cancer cell stem-like properties in response to reflux conditions. Overexpression of APE1 and DLL1 was detected in gastro-oesophageal junctions of the L2-IL1ß transgenic mouse model and human EAC tissue microarrays. DLL1 high levels were associated with poor overall survival in patients with EAC.ConclusionThese findings underscore a unique mechanism that links redox balance, inflammation and embryonic development (NOTCH) into a common pro-tumorigenic pathway that is intrinsic to EAC cells.
Gene expression profiles of ischemic stroke clots retrieved by mechanical thrombectomy are associated with disease etiology
Authors: Tutino Vincent M , Fricano Sarah , Chien Aichi , Patel Tatsat R , Monteiro Andre , Rai Hamid H , Dmytriw Adam A , Chaves Lee D , Waqas Muhammad , Levy Elad I , Poppenberg Kerry E , Siddiqui Adnan H 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundDetermining stroke etiology is crucial for secondary prevention, but intensive workups fail to classify ~30% of strokes that are cryptogenic.ObjectiveTo examine the hypothesis that the transcriptomic profiles of clots retrieved during mechanical thrombectomy are unique to strokes of different subtypes.MethodsWe isolated RNA from the clots of 73 patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy. Samples of sufficient quality were subjected to 100-cycle, paired-end RNAseq, and transcriptomes with less than 10 million unique reads were excluded from analysis. Significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between subtypes (defined by the Trial of Org 10 172 in Acute Stroke Treatment) were identified by expression analysis in edgeR. Gene ontology enrichment analysis was used to study the biologic differences between stroke etiologies.ResultsIn all, 38 clot transcriptomes were analyzed; 6 from large artery atherosclerosis (LAA), 21 from cardioembolism (CE), 5 from strokes of other determined origin, and 6 from cryptogenic strokes. Among all comparisons, there were 816 unique DEGs, 174 of which were shared by at least two comparisons, and 20 of which were shared by all three. Gene ontology analysis showed that CE clots reflected high levels of inflammation, LAA clots had greater oxidoreduction and T-cell processes, and clots of other determined origin were enriched for aberrant platelet and hemoglobin-related processes. Principal component analysis indicated separation between these subtypes and showed cryptogenic samples clustered among several different groups.ConclusionsExpression profiles of stroke clots were identified between stroke etiologies and reflected different biologic responses. Cryptogenic thrombi may be related to multiple etiologies.
Quantifying and characterising tobacco content in the most in-demand streamed series in 10 low/middle-income countries in 2019
Authors: Fitzpatrick Iona , Byrne Danielle , Gilmore Anna B , Hasan Farheen , Cranwell Joanne 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundIn line with the Framework Convention for Tobacco Control (FCTC) Article 13, the advertising and promotion of tobacco products is increasingly restricted. However, popular media continues to pose an exposure risk to youth populations (aged 13–18 years), including in low/middle-income countries (LMICs). This study presents a novel method to record the prevalence of tobacco depictions in streamed media content and the characterisation of that content.ObjectivesEvaluate the frequency and characterisation of tobacco depictions in streamed content in LMICs.MethodsPresence of tobacco depictions was evaluated in the four most in-demand series across 10 LMICs for the year 2019; this list included series that were released from 2017 onwards (2017–2019). Each character identified using tobacco was coded against 13 characterisation variables that recorded key demographic information as well as contextual information.ResultsThe majority of series (72%, 13 of 18) analysed contained at least one depiction of tobacco use. 38% of tobacco depictions (359 of 941) occurred in content deemed suitable for audiences aged 15 years and up. 113 characters were depicted using tobacco across 38 episodes. ‘Star’ actors, featuring in opening credits with active profiles on the Internet Movie Database, accounted for 73% of tobacco-using characters (83 of 113). 5% of characters depicted using tobacco (6 of 113) were coded as minors (under 18 years).ConclusionThe continued prevalence of positively characterised tobacco content in youth-focused streamed content that is in high demand in LMICs poses a risk as a driver of smoking uptake in youth populations. There is an urgent need to better enforce tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship legislation in LMICs, and to update WHO FCTC guidance in line with rapidly evolving media platforms and content that is available internationally.