bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
17q21.31 sub-haplotypes underlying H1-associated risk for Parkinson’s disease are associated with LRRC37A/2 expression in astrocytes
Authors: Bowles Kathryn R. , Pugh Derian A. , Liu Yiyuan , Patel Tulsi , Renton Alan E. , Bandres-Ciga Sara , Gan-Or Ziv , Heutink Peter , Siitonen Ari , Bertelsen Sarah , Cherry Jonathan D. , Karch Celeste M. , Frucht Steven J. , Kopell Brian H. , Peter Inga , Park Y. J. ,   International Parkinson’s Disease Genomics Consortium (IPDGC), Charney Alexander , Raj Towfique , Crary John F. , Goate A. M. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is genetically associated with the H1 haplotype of the MAPT 17q.21.31 locus, although the causal gene and variants underlying this association have not been identified.

Methods
To better understand the genetic contribution of this region to PD and to identify novel mechanisms conferring risk for the disease, we fine-mapped the 17q21.31 locus by constructing discrete haplotype blocks from genetic data. We used digital PCR to assess copy number variation associated with PD-associated blocks, and used human brain postmortem RNA-seq data to identify candidate genes that were then further investigated using in vitro models and human brain tissue.

Results
We identified three novel H1 sub-haplotype blocks across the 17q21.31 locus associated with PD risk. Protective sub-haplotypes were associated with increased LRRC37A/2 copy number and expression in human brain tissue. We found that LRRC37A/2 is a membrane-associated protein that plays a role in cellular migration, chemotaxis and astroglial inflammation. In human substantia nigra, LRRC37A/2 was primarily expressed in astrocytes, interacted directly with soluble α-synuclein, and co-localized with Lewy bodies in PD brain tissue.

Conclusion
These data indicate that a novel candidate gene, LRRC37A/2, contributes to the association between the 17q21.31 locus and PD via its interaction with α-synuclein and its effects on astrocytic function and inflammatory response. These data are the first to associate the genetic association at the 17q21.31 locus with PD pathology, and highlight the importance of variation at the 17q21.31 locus in the regulation of multiple genes other than MAPT and KANSL1, as well as its relevance to non-neuronal cell types.
Eraldo Antonini Lectures, 1983–2019
Authors: Brunori Maurizio 
Published: July 2022

Abstract“Can order spring from Chaos?” is the title of an extensive Report on Italian science published by NATURE on 12 May 1983 and written by Robert Walgate, the Chief European Correspondent. It is a twenty pages complete paper touching all aspects of the struggle of Italian scientists to work in the “curious amalgam of ingenuity and muddle, a reflection of the political system”. (Nature, 1983; 303: 109–128). To read it after four decades is interesting but somewhat depressing since the main problems unfolded in the paper have not been solved, starting with the largely insufficient support of fundamental curiosity driven research. At page 114 you could find a item called: ITALY’s TOP SCIENTISTS: Four in the top one thousand. The Author refers to the data reported by the ISI (Institute of Scientific Information) that took two years to scan 3,000 major journals over the period 1965–78 and covered 5 millions articles and 67 millions references. The four top Italian scientists working in Italy were: Eraldo Antonini (3127 citations), Enrico Clementi (4001), Silvio Garattini (2833), and Giorgio Giacomelli (2483); 3 out of four were 52 years old, and one 55. Antonini did not see the Report since he passed away on March 18, 1983. However the information leaked before the publication of Nature because I remember the Messaggero of Rome reporting a whole page with the ranking of the four Italians, and even a picture of Eraldo. The students of the first year Medical course, his Class, welcomed the Professor with a standing ovation. After a short time the Board of the SIB (Società Italiana di Biochimica) casted a unanimous vote in favour of the motion of President Noris Siliprandi to begin the annual Congress with an Antonini Lecture, forever. As reported below, the tradition began immediately at the Congress in Saint-Vicent, Italy, and is continuing. In this paper I report an account of the Eraldo Antonini Lectures that I attended over the years and until September 2019, a few months before the pandemics lock down.
IL-6 gene rs1800795 polymorphism and diabetes mellitus: a comprehensive analysis involving 42,150 participants from a meta-analysis
Authors: Cheng Zhiying , Zhang Chunmin , Mi Yuanyuan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Over the past two decades, several studies have focused on the association between a common polymorphism (rs1800795) from interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) risk. However, the results remain ambiguous and indefinite.

Methods
A comprehensive analysis was performed to explore this relationship. A search was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, Chinese (CNKI and Wanfang), and GWAS Catalog databases, covering all publications until February 10, 2022. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to evaluate the strength of the association. Publication bias was assessed using both Begg and Egger tests.

Results
Overall, 34 case–control studies with 7257 T2DM patients and 15,598 controls, and 12 case–control studies (10,264 T1DM patients and 9031 health controls) were included in the analysis. A significantly lower association was observed between the rs1800795 polymorphism and T2DM risk in Asians, mixed population, and hospital-based (HB) subgroups (C-allele vs. G-allele: OR = 0.76, 95% CI  0.58–0.99, P = 0.039 for Asians; CG vs. GG: OR = 0.74, 95% CI  0.58–0.94, P = 0.014 for mixed population; CC vs. GG: OR = 0.61, 95% CI  0.41–0.90, P = 0.014 for HB). However, increased associations were found from total, mixed population, and HB subgroups between rs1800795 polymorphism and T1DM susceptibility (CG vs. GG: OR = 1.32, 95% CI 1.01–1.74, P = 0.043 for total population, CC vs. GG: OR = 2.45, 95% CI 1.18–5.07, P = 0.016 for mixed individuals; C-allele vs. G-allele: OR = 1.29, 95% CI 1.07–1.56, P = 0.0009 for HB subgroup).

Conclusions
In summary, there is definite evidence to confirm that IL-6 rs1800795 polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to decreased T2DM and increased T1DM.
Bilateral simultaneous asymmetric hip fracture without major trauma in an elderly patient: a case report
Authors: Takagi Yasutaka , Yamada Hiroshi , Ebara Hidehumi , Hayashi Hiroyuki , Inatani Hiroyuki , Toyooka Kazu , Ima Musashi , Kitano Yoshiyuki , Ryu Yasuji , Nakanami Aki , Yahata Tetsutaro , Tsuchiya Hiroyuki 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Simultaneous bilateral hip fractures without major trauma in the elderly are rare and usually symmetrical. To the best of our knowledge, only two cases of bilateral simultaneous asymmetric hip fracture in the elderly without major trauma have been reported.

Case presentation
We present the case of a 90-year-old Japanese man with simultaneous bilateral asymmetric hip fractures with trochanteric fracture on the right side and greater trochanteric fracture on the left side. He complained of dyspnea at midnight and was referred to our emergency department. He was admitted to the internal medicine department for bacterial pneumonia treatment. On the 8th day of hospitalization, he was referred to our orthopedic surgery department for hip pain and was found to have fractures of both hips. Computed tomography findings showed that the left femoral neck fracture was an old fracture, while the left greater trochanteric fracture and the right trochanteric fracture were fresh fractures. He was surgically treated through open reduction and internal fixation with an intramedullary nail on the right and hemiarthroplasty on the left in supine position, performed during the same surgical sessions on the 12th day of hospitalization.

Conclusions
We report a new form of simultaneous bilateral asymmetric hip fracture in the elderly. The fracture types of the case were femoral trochanteric fracture and greater trochanteric fracture of the femur, which were different from the fracture types in the previously reported two cases. Clinicians should be aware of the possibility of simultaneous bilateral hip fractures, especially in the elderly.
Reproducing ancient Chinese ink depending on gelatin/chitosan and modern experimental methodology
Authors: Liu Zhen , Liu Kun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Chinese ink has very special significance for presentation of artistic effects and preservation of works of art; however, wasted nonrenewable resources, potential toxicity, and complex and inefficient production technologies have limited the development of inks for traditional Chinese culture. Herein, environmentally friendly, practical and antibacterial Chinese ink was prepared by facile heating-stirring of gelatin and the natural polysaccharide chitosan. The internal composition, viscosity, morphology, particle size and antibacterial properties of the ink were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and bacteriostatic zone tests. The results showed that commercial ink (CM) spread easily on Xuan paper and led to imperfect artwork, while the chitosan and gelatin ink (CG) showed good adhesion and stability on Xuan paper. Based on this study, we believe that the good performance of CG ink should be attributed to restrictions arising from its internal chitosan and gelatin network, which restrict diffusion. Finally, the author used CG ink to display traditional Chinese calligraphy and landscape painting and believes that it has significant application prospects and will be used in large-scale production.
Simulating Colorectal Cancer Trials Using Real-World Data
Authors: Chen Zhaoyi , Zhang Hansi , George Thomas J. , Guo Yi , Prosperi Mattia , Guo Jingchuan , Braithwaite Dejana , Wang Fei , Kibbe Warren , Wagner Lynne , Bian Jiang 
Published: July 2022

PURPOSE Using real-world data (RWD)–based trial simulation approach, we aim to simulate colorectal cancer (CRC) trials and examine both effectiveness and safety end points in different simulation scenarios. METHODS We identified five phase III trials comparing new treatment regimens with an US Food and Drug Administration–approved first-line treatment in patients with metastatic CRC (ie, fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan) as the standard-of-care (SOC) control arm. Using Electronic Health Record–derived data from the OneFlorida network, we defined the study populations and outcome measures using the protocols from the original trials. Our design scenarios were (1) simulation of the SOC fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan arm and (2) comparative effectiveness research (CER) simulation of the control and experimental arms. For each scenario, we adjusted for random assignment, sampling, and dropout. We used overall survival (OS) and severe adverse events (SAEs) to measure effectiveness and safety. RESULTS We conducted CER simulations for two trials, and SOC simulations for three trials. The effect sizes of our simulated trials were stable across all simulation runs. Compared with the original trials, we observed longer OS and higher mean number of SAEs in both CER and SOC simulation. In the two CER simulations, hazard ratios associated with death from simulations were similar to that reported in the original trials. Consistent with the original trials, we found higher risk ratios of SAEs in the experiment arm, suggesting potentially higher toxicities from the new treatment regimen. We also observed similar SAE rates across all simulations compared with the original trials. CONCLUSION In this study, we simulated five CRC trials, and tested two simulation scenarios with several different configurations demonstrated that our simulations can robustly generate effectiveness and safety outcomes comparable with the original trials using real-world data.
Chimera states in coupled memristive chaotic systems: Effects of control parameters
Authors: Ramamoorthy Ramesh , Shahriari Zahra , Natiq Hayder , Rajagopal Karthikeyan , Li Chunbiao 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The study of the collective behavior of oscillators has attracted great attention in recent years. Among all dynamical systems, multi-stable systems have received particular attention. This paper considers a ring network of non-locally coupled VB5 chaotic systems exhibiting multistability with linear coupling. The collective patterns of the oscillators are investigated by taking various internal parameters of memristors as the bifurcation parameter. The network's state is characterized by computing the strength of incoherence. Moreover, the variations of the coupling strength and the number of neighbors in connections are considered to check out the coupling effects. The synchronous, chimera, and asynchronous states are visible in the network under different parameters. It is observed that as the dynamics of the oscillators become more complex, the behavior of the network transits to more asynchrony. The results also show that the network represents the chimera state both in monostable and multistable modes. In monostable mode, the oscillators of the synchronized and asynchronized groups belong to one attractor. In contrast, in the multistable mode, each group oscillates in one of the existing attractors.
Generalized quantum oscillator under harmonic-type central potential effects induced by Lorentz symmetry violation environment(a)
Authors: Ahmed Faizuddin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we study a relativistic quantum oscillator model via the generalized Klein-Gordon oscillator equation under harmonic-type central potential effects induced by the violation of the Lorentz symmetry. We determine solutions of the wave equation for Coulomb- and Cornell-type potential functions using the Nikiforov-Uvarov method and analyze the effects on the energy profile and the wave function of the oscillator fields.
Retrosigmoid Infralabyrinthine (Suprajugular) Approach to the Jugular Foramen: Indications, Limitations, and Surgical Nuances
Authors: Constanzo Felipe , Pinto Jaime , Coelho Neto Mauricio , Ramina Ricardo 
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND:
Among the several approaches described to the jugular foramen (JF), the retrosigmoid infralabyrinthine (suprajugular) approach was one of the most recently described.

OBJECTIVE:
To describe the indications, limitations, and operative nuances of the suprajugular approach.

METHODS:
We provided a pertinent review of the anatomy, indications, preoperative evaluation, surgical steps and nuances, and postoperative management.

RESULTS:
The suprajugular approach is suitable for tumors occupying the intracranial compartment with limited extension into the JF. Volume, width, and configuration of the foramen dictate the feasibility of the approach. Tumors invading the venous system are not suitable for this approach. Preoperative 3-dimensional MRI and computed tomography are used to evaluate intrajugular extension, relationship between the tumor and the jugular bulb (JB), venous system invasion, and shape of the JF. During surgery, exposition of the entire posterior border of the sigmoid sinus is needed and removing the bone over the JB. After identification of the JF, the jugular notch and intrajugular process of the roof of the foramen are removed and intrajugular resection is completed. In cases of high-riding JB, it may be gently pushed down to allow visualization of the anterior foramen. In cases of JB laceration, it may be repaired using a muscle patch and usually does preclude further resection.

CONCLUSION:
The suprajugular approach is variation of the retrosigmoid approach that, when properly indicated, provides excellent exposure of the medial JF, with most anatomical variations and intraoperative complications predicted by a comprehensive preoperative evaluation.
Are Transventricular Approaches Associated With Increased Hemorrhage? A Comparative Study in a Series of 624 Deep Brain Stimulation Surgeries
Authors: Runge Joachim , Nagel Johanna M. , Cassini Ascencao Luisa , Blahak Christian , Kinfe Thomas M. , Schrader Christoph , Wolf Marc E. , Saryyeva Assel , Krauss Joachim K. 
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND:
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery has advanced tremendously, for both clinical applications and technology. Although DBS surgery is an overall safe procedure, rare side effects, in particular, hemorrhage, may result in devastating consequences. Although there are certain advantages with transventricular trajectories, it has been reasoned that avoidance of such trajectories would likely reduce hemorrhage.

OBJECTIVE:
To investigate the possible impact of a transventricular trajectory as compared with a transcerebral approach on the occurrence of symptomatic and asymptomatic hemorrhage after DBS electrode placement.

METHODS:
Retrospective evaluation of 624 DBS surgeries in 582 patients, who underwent DBS surgery for movement disorders, chronic pain, or psychiatric disorders. A stereotactic guiding cannula was routinely used for DBS electrode insertion. All patients had postoperative computed tomography scans within 24 hours after surgery.

RESULTS:
Transventricular transgression was identified in 404/624 DBS surgeries. The frequency of hemorrhage was slightly higher in transventricular than in transcerebral DBS surgeries (15/404, 3.7% vs 6/220, 2.7%). While 7/15 patients in the transventricular DBS surgery group had a hemorrhage located in the ventricle, 6 had an intracerebral hemorrhage along the electrode trajectory unrelated to transgression of the ventricle and 2 had a subdural hematoma. Among the 7 patients with a hemorrhage located in the ventricle, only one became symptomatic. Overall, a total of 7/404 patients in the transventricular DBS surgery group had a symptomatic hemorrhage, whereas the hemorrhage remained asymptomatic in all 6/220 patients in the transcerebral DBS surgery group.

CONCLUSION:
Transventricular approaches in DBS surgery can be performed safely, in general, when special precautions such as using a guiding cannula are routinely applied.
Composite pheochromocytoma–ganglioneuroma: a case with two distinct components radiographically
Authors: Edo Hiromi , Hyoue Eiko , Hamamoto Kohei , Tsuda Masaki , Morimura Fumio , Okano Kousuke , Okazaki Michiko , Kawamura Kazuki , Ito Keiichi , Sato Kimiya , Edo Naoki , Shinmoto Hiroshi 
Published: July 2022

Composite pheochromocytoma is an extremely rare tumor that comprises a pheochromocytoma and an embryologically related neurogenic tumor, such as ganglioneuroma, ganglioneuroblastoma, neuroblastoma, or peripheral nerve sheath tumor. A 46-year-old male with hypertension, elevated plasma catecholamine levels, and suspected pheochromocytoma presented to the National Defense Medical College Hospital. CT and MRI showed two adjacent masses in the left adrenal gland; one was a 6 cm cephalic lesion and the other was a 1.5 cm caudal lesion. Only the 1.5 cm caudal mass showed uptake on 123I-metaiodobenzylguanisine single photon emission CT/CT. Pheochromocytoma was suspected and a left adrenalectomy was performed. Pathology confirmed that the 6 cm mass was a ganglioneuroma and the 1.5 cm mass a pheochromocytoma, with cellular intermingling at their border. The two masses were diagnosed as a composite pheochromocytoma–ganglioneuroma. This is the first report in which the two components of a composite pheochromocytoma can be clearly distinguished in the pre-operative images. If a patient with clinically suspected pheochromocytoma has different components from a typical pheochromocytoma, composite pheochromocytoma should be considered.
Replantation in adolescents: a case report
Authors: Zielkowska Alicja , Ciejka Karol , Rogatko Kamil , Łukasik Weronika 
Published: July 2022

Background: Tooth loss as a result of trauma most often affects young people, especially in the summer time. Implantation is considered the correct method of proceeding in the case of missing teeth. However, it is not indicated in this age group due to the constantly developing skeletal system and the change in spatial relations in the stomatognathic system. A more favorable, but less likely to be successful, method is replantation, which is more dependent on patient compliance.
Objectives: presentation of the clinical procedure in the case of avulsed tooth 21, with particular emphasis on the time and method of providing first aid.
Methods: a case report based on an anamnesis and physical examination with the use of medical records, including radiological records, of a 14-year-old boy after an injury.
Conclusions: The most important factors determining the success of the replantation procedure are: the time from the injury to contact with the dentist, and storage medium of an avulsed tooth. Both are only dependent on the person who has been injured or the guardian of minors. For this reason, it is important to raise public awareness of first aid in dentistry. Successful replantation of a tooth that has been outside the socket for more than 60 minutes may be associated with complications such as ankylosis or root resorption. However, even in case of the above- mentioned sequelae, the profit and loss balance is favorable, because the replanted tooth prevents bone loss, which is crucial due to future implantation, and the possible development of ankylosis in the developmental age can be treated with the decoronation procedure.
High prevalence and clinical characteristics of respiratory infection by human rhinovirus in children from Lima-Peru during years 2009–2010
Authors: Castañeda-Ribeyro Ariana , Martins-Luna Johanna , Verne Eduardo , Aguila-Luis Miguel Angel , Silva-Caso Wilmer , Ugarte Claudia , Carrillo-Ng Hugo , Cornejo-Tapia Angela , Tarazona-Castro Yordi , del Valle-Mendoza Juana 
Published: July 2022

Introduction
Human rhinovirus is a major cause of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) worldwide. Epidemiological data on human rhinovirus (RV) in Peru is still scarce, as well as its role in respiratory infections in children. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of rhinovirus and to identify the circulating species in nasopharyngeal swabs from children with acute respiratory infections.

Materials and methods
We analyzed nasopharyngeal swab samples that were collected from children younger than 17 years old, who had a clinical diagnosis of ARI from the “Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia” between May 2009 and December 2010. The original study recruited 767 inpatients with ARI, 559 samples of which were included and analyzed in the current study. Detection of rhinovirus and determination of rhinovirus species were characterized by PCR.

Results
Rhinovirus was detected in 42.22% samples (236/559), RV-A was detected in 10.17% (24/236) of the cases, RV-B in 16.53% (39/236), and RV-C in 73.31% (173/236). The age group with the highest number of cases was the 0–5 months group with 45.97%, followed by the 1–5 years group with 25.22%. Most of the positive RV cases, i.e., 86.44% (204/236), were hospitalized. The most common signs and symptoms found in patients who tested positive for RV were cough (72.88%), fever (68.64%), rhinorrhea (68.22%), and respiratory distress (61.44%). Infection with RV-A was associated with wheezing (p = 0.02). Furthermore, RV-C was related to cough (p = 0.01), wheezing (p = 0.002), and conjunctival injection (p = 0.03). A peak in RV-C cases was found in March (32 cases in 2010); June (18 cases in 2009 and 12 cases in 2010), which corresponds to the fall season in Peru; and also November (17 cases in 2009 and 4 cases in 2010), which corresponds to spring. RV-A and RV-B cases were constant throughout the year.

Conclusion
In conclusion, we found a high prevalence of rhinovirus C infection among pediatric patients with acute respiratory infections in Lima, Peru. This viral infection was more common in children between 0 to 5 months old, and was associated with cough, wheezing, and conjunctival injection. Epidemiological surveillance of this virus should be strengthened/encouraged in Peru to determine its real impact on respiratory infections.