bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rare Genetic Variation and Outcome of Surgery for Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
Authors: Perucca Piero , Stanley Kate , Harris Natasha , McIntosh Anne M. , Asadi‐Pooya Ali A. , Mikati Mohamad A. , Andrade Danielle M. , Dugan Patricia , Depondt Chantal , Choi Hyunmi , Heinzen Erin L. , Cavalleri Gianpiero L. , Buono Russell J. , Devinsky Orrin , Sperling Michael R. , Berkovic Samuel F. , Delanty Norman , Goldstein David B. , O'Brien Terence J. ,   the EPIGEN Consortium
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveGenetic factors have long been debated as a cause of failure of surgery for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). We investigated whether rare genetic variation influences seizure outcomes of MTLE surgery.MethodsWe performed an international, multicenter, whole exome sequencing study of patients who underwent surgery for drug‐resistant, unilateral MTLE with normal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or MRI evidence of hippocampal sclerosis and ≥2‐year postsurgical follow‐up. Patients with either sustained seizure freedom (favorable outcome) or ongoing uncontrolled seizures since surgery (unfavorable outcome) were included. Exomes of controls without epilepsy were also included. Gene set burden analyses were carried out to identify genes with significant enrichment of rare deleterious variants in patients compared to controls.ResultsNine centers from 3 continents contributed 206 patients operated for drug‐resistant unilateral MTLE, of whom 196 (149 with favorable outcome and 47 with unfavorable outcome) were included after stringent quality control. Compared to 8,718 controls, MTLE cases carried a higher burden of ultrarare missense variants in constrained genes that are intolerant to loss‐of‐function (LoF) variants (odds ratio [OR] = 2.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.9–3.5, p = 1.3E‐09) and in genes encoding voltage‐gated cation channels (OR = 2.4, 95% CI = 1.4–3.8, p = 2.7E‐04). Proportions of subjects with such variants were comparable between patients with favorable outcome and those with unfavorable outcome, with no significant between‐group differences.InterpretationRare variation contributes to the genetic architecture of MTLE, but does not appear to have a major role in failure of MTLE surgery. These findings can be incorporated into presurgical decision‐making and counseling. ANN NEUROL 2023;93:752–761
Non‐Kinetic Effects Convolute Activity and Tafel Analysis for the Alkaline Oxygen Evolution Reaction on NiFeOOH Electrocatalysts
Authors: van der Heijden Onno , Park Sunghak , Eggebeen Jordy J. J. , Koper Marc T. M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA large variety of nickel‐based catalysts has been investigated for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline media. However, their reported activity, as well as Tafel slope values, vary greatly. To understand this variation, we studied electrodeposited Ni80Fe20OOH catalysts with different loadings at varying rotation rates, hydroxide concentrations, with or without sonication. We show that, at low current density (<5 mA cm−2), the Tafel slope value is ≈30 mV dec−1 for Ni80Fe20OOH. At higher polarization, the Tafel slope continuously increases and is dependent on rotation rate, loading, hydroxide concentration and sonication. These Tafel slope values are convoluted by non‐kinetic effects, such as bubbles, potential‐dependent changes in ohmic resistance and (internal) OH− gradients. As best practise, we suggest that Tafel slopes should be plotted vs. current or potential. In such a plot, it can be appreciated if there is a kinetic Tafel slope or if the observed Tafel slope is influenced by non‐kinetic effects.
Non‐Kinetic Effects Convolute Activity and Tafel Analysis for the Alkaline Oxygen Evolution Reaction on NiFeOOH Electrocatalysts
Authors: van der Heijden Onno , Park Sunghak , Eggebeen Jordy J. J. , Koper Marc T. M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA large variety of nickel‐based catalysts has been investigated for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline media. However, their reported activity, as well as Tafel slope values, vary greatly. To understand this variation, we studied electrodeposited Ni80Fe20OOH catalysts with different loadings at varying rotation rates, hydroxide concentrations, with or without sonication. We show that, at low current density (<5 mA cm−2), the Tafel slope value is ≈30 mV dec−1for Ni80Fe20OOH. At higher polarization, the Tafel slope continuously increases and is dependent on rotation rate, loading, hydroxide concentration and sonication. These Tafel slope values are convoluted by non‐kinetic effects, such as bubbles, potential‐dependent changes in ohmic resistance and (internal) OH−gradients. As best practise, we suggest that Tafel slopes should be plotted vs. current or potential. In such a plot, it can be appreciated if there is a kinetic Tafel slope or if the observed Tafel slope is influenced by non‐kinetic effects.
A review on additive manufacturing of carbon fiber‐reinforced polymers: Current methods, materials, mechanical properties, applications and challenges
Authors: Adil Samia , Lazoglu Ismail 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAdditive manufacturing has new revolutionary potential for carbon fiber‐reinforced polymers (CFRPs). Additive manufacturing of CFRPs combines the advantages of additive manufacturing such as customization, minimal wastage, low cost, fast prototyping and rapid manufacturing with high specific strength of carbon fiber. This article delivers a comprehensive review of additive manufacturing of short and continuous CFRPs. The article presents insight into different additive manufacturing techniques with an overview of commercially available methods for manufacturing short and continuous CFRPs. This review also includes mechanical characterization and analytical techniques discussed in the literature for CFRPs. The robust applications of short and continuous CFRPs in biomedical, electronics, and aerospace would highlight the importance of research and development in this field. In the end, drawbacks, recent innovations, and the future research directions underline the gap between research and commercialization of additive manufacturing of short and continuous CFRPs.
Reactive carbamate surfactants: Synthesis, characterization, and improved rheological properties of hydrophobically modified polyacrylamide containing surfactant structures
Authors: Liu Guiru , Lai Xiaojuan , Cheng Xu , Lei Yutian , Wang Lei , Wen Xin , Fan Meiling , Gao Jinhao , Liu Yong , Ma Qinqin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this study, stearyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO) and 2‐isocyanatoethyl methacrylate (IEM) are used to synthesize reactive carbamate surfactants (IEM‐nAEO), which are characterized through Fourier‐transform infrared spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Additionally, the influence of the AEO‐chain content on surface activity is analyzed, and the emulsifying ability of the surfactants is investigated. The surfactants exhibit high surface activities, and their emulsifying abilities enhance upon increasing the AEO‐chain content. Additionally, a novel hydrophobically associative polymer is synthesized by copolymerizing IEM‐10AEO, acrylamide, 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropane sulfonic acid, and acrylic acid; the rheological properties of its aqueous solution is analyzed. The modified and unmodified polyacrylamide solutions exhibit viscosity retentions of 97.73% and 87.07%, respectively, at 120°C at a shear rate of 170 s−1. Thus, IEM‐10AEO polymerization improves the heat and shear resistance and storage and loss moduli of the polyacrylamide, indicating structural‐stability enhancement upon polymerization. Therefore, the modified polyacrylamide can be used to improve the heat and shear resistance of fracturing fluids and enhance oil recovery.
Promotion of Knee Cartilage Degradation by IκB Kinase ε in the Pathogenesis of Osteoarthritis in Human and Murine Models
Authors: Uchida Taisuke , Akasaki Yukio , Sueishi Takuya , Kurakazu Ichiro , Toya Masakazu , Kuwahara Masanari , Hirose Ryota , Hyodo Yuki , Tsushima Hidetoshi , Lotz Martin K. , Nakashima Yasuharu 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveNF‐κB signaling is an important modulator in osteoarthritis (OA), and IκB kinase ε (IKKε) regulates the NF‐κB pathway. This study was undertaken to identify the functional involvement of IKKε in the pathogenesis of OA and the effectiveness of IKKε inhibition as a modulatory treatment.MethodsIKKε expression in normal and OA human knee joints was analyzed immunohistochemically. Gain‐ or loss‐of‐function experiments were performed using human chondrocytes. Furthermore, OA was surgically induced in mice, followed by intraarticular injection of BAY‐985, an IKKε/TANK‐binding kinase 1 inhibitor, into the left knee joint every 5 days for 8 weeks. Mice were subsequently examined for histologic features of cartilage damage and inflammation.ResultsIKKε protein expression was increased in human OA cartilage. In vitro, expression levels of OA‐related factors were down‐regulated following knockdown of IKKε with the use of small interfering RNA in human OA chondrocytes or following treatment with BAY‐985. Conversely, IKKε overexpression significantly increased the expression of OA‐related catabolic mediators. In Western blot analysis of human chondrocytes, IKKε overexpression increased the phosphorylation of IκBα and p65. In vivo, intraarticular injection of BAY‐985 into the knee joints of mice attenuated OA‐related cartilage degradation and hyperalgesia via NF‐κB signaling.ConclusionThese results suggest that IKKε regulates cartilage degradation through a catabolic response mediated by NF‐κB signaling, and this could represent a potential target for OA treatment. Furthermore, BAY‐985 may serve as a major disease‐modifying compound among the drugs developed for OA.image
Evaluating Trans‐Benzocyclobutene‐Fused Cyclooctene as a Monomer for Chemically Recyclable Polymer
Authors: Su Hsin‐Wei , Zhou Junfeng , Yoon Seiyoung , Wang Junpeng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractChemically recyclable polymers offer a promising solution to address the issues associated with the unsustainable use of plastics by converting the traditional linear plastic economy into a circular one. Central to developing chemically recyclable polymers is to identify the appropriate monomers that enable practical conditions for polymerization and depolymerization and ensure useful stability and material properties. Our group has recently demonstrated that trans‐cyclobutane‐fused cyclooctene (tCBCO) meets the abovementioned requirements and is a promising candidate for developing chemically recyclable polymers. Herein, encouraged by the success with tCBCO, we investigate the thermodynamics of polymerization of a relevant system, trans‐benzocyclobutene‐fused‐cyclooctene, which can be viewed as tCBCO with an additional benzene ring. The study shows that introducing an additional benzene ring favors polymerization and disfavors depolymerization, and the effect is predominantly entropic. The benzo‐effect can be leveraged to fine‐tune the thermodynamics of polymerization and depolymerization to facilitate the chemical recycling of polymers.
Perylene Diimide‐based Non‐fullerene Acceptors With A‐D‐A′‐D‐A Architecture For Organic Solar Cells
Authors: You Xiaoxiao , Shen Hao , Wu Qiang , Li Yu , Wu Di , Xia Jianlong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe vinylene‐bridged helical PDI dimer (PDI2) has been an alternative PDI building block for non‐fullerene acceptor (NFAs). However, the development of PDI2 derivatives still lag behind, and most of PDI2 derivatives based organic solar cells (OSCs) only achieved a moderate power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of less than 8%. In this contribution, an acceptor‐donor‐acceptor‐donor‐acceptor (A‐D‐A’‐D‐A) architecture was introduced to facilitate the improvement of photovoltaic properties. Two acceptors named diIDTIC‐PDI2 and diFIDTIC‐PDI2 were designed and synthesized, in which a PDI2 moiety flanked with two indacenodithiophene (IDT) units was employed as the D‐A’‐D core and 2‐(3‐oxo‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐inden‐1‐ylidene)malononitrile (IC) or fluorinated IC (IC2F) acted as terminal groups, respectively. The photovoltaic performances of these two acceptors were explored using PM1 as the electron donor. Compared to diIDTIC‐PDI2, the fluorinated diFIDTIC‐PDI2 based OSCs obtained enhanced photovoltaic performance with the best PCE of 9.77%, a VOC of 0.957 V, JSC of 13.58 mA cm−2 and FF of 75.1%. These results illustrate that engineering terminal groups is a robust strategy of enhancing the efficiency of PDI based acceptors with A‐D‐A’‐D‐A architecture.
Leader–follower mean field LQ games: A direct method
Authors: Wang Bing‐Chang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates a linear quadratic mean field game with a leader and a large number of followers. The leader first gives its strategy, and then each follower optimizes its own cost. We first solve a mean field game problem, which gives the best response of followers to the leader's strategy. After applying the followers' strategies, the leader is faced to an optimal control problem driven by a high‐dimensional forward‐backward stochastic differential equations (FBSDEs). By decoupling the high‐dimensional Hamiltonian system with mean field approximations, we construct a set of decentralized strategies for all the players, which are further shown to be an
‐Stackelberg equilibrium.
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Knockout of tanc2 causes autism‐like behavior and sleep disturbance in zebrafish
Authors: Long Fei , Zheng Jing , Zhou Jiayi , Hu Ping , Xiong Bo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTanc2 is a large multi‐domain postsynaptic scaffold protein mainly expressed in the brain. In humans, tanc2 mutations have been associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other related neurodevelopmental disorders. However, the role of tanc2 in neurodevelopment and in controlling behaviors are not fully understood. Here, we generated and characterized a tanc2 knockout allele in zebrafish. Loss of tanc2 increases the larval brain size and body length by promoting proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis. We observed that the glutamatergic neuron population is significantly increased in tanc2 mutants while the GABAergic and the glycinergic neurons are not affected, suggesting that an excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) imbalance. Indeed, the tanc2 knockout larvae exhibited increase sleep. In adult zebrafish, the mutants display anxiolytic‐behavior, reduced aggression, and impaired social preference. The alterations in these behaviors are phenotypically similar to the ASD patients carrying tanc2 mutations. Therefore, the tanc2 knockout allele could serve as a valuable model to further study the role of tanc2 in the nervous system.
Effect of tramadol hydrochloride on neural tube development in 48‐hr chick embryos: Argyrophilic nucleolar organizing region and genetic analysis study
Authors: Atay Emre , Bozkurt Erhan , Ertekin Ayşe 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundTramadol hydrochloride or tramadol is an opioid analgesic that acts on the central nervous system. The pregnancy category of tramadol is determined as “C” according to the Food and Drug Administration. There are no adequate and well‐controlled studies in pregnant women. In this study, we aimed to reveal the effects of tramadol on neural tube (midline) closure by analyzing morphologically, histologically and genetically in chick embryos.MethodsNinety White Leghorn species, fertile and 0‐day‐old specific pathogen‐free eggs (60 ± 5 g) were used in the study. Eggs were divided into a total of six groups (control, sham, and drug groups). Four different doses of tramadol (1, 2.5, 5, and 7.5 mg/egg) were administered subblastodermically at the 28th hour of the incubation. All eggs were opened at the 48th hour of incubation and evaluated.ResultsEmbryos in the control group according to Hamburger–Hamilton classification were compatible with stages 13 and 14. In the groups treated with tramadol, it was determined that the embryos had neural tube closure defects (such as neck, tail regions) and some embryos showed developmental retardation due to the increase in the drug dose. In the statistical analysis performed, a significant difference was found between the control group and the group receiving the highest dose of tramadol in terms of crown‐rump length and number of somites (p < .05). The brain and reproductive expression gene expression was upregulated in embryos at each of tramadol doses compared to control group.ConclusionsIt was determined that tramadol causes neural tube closure defects in embryos depending on the dose.
Comparing linear discriminant analysis and supervised learning algorithms for binary classification—A method comparison study
Authors: Graf Ricarda , Zeldovich Marina , Friedrich Sarah 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn psychology, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) is the method of choice for two‐group classification tasks based on questionnaire data. In this study, we present a comparison of LDA with several supervised learning algorithms. In particular, we examine to what extent the predictive performance of LDA relies on the multivariate normality assumption. As nonparametric alternatives, the linear support vector machine (SVM), classification and regression tree (CART), random forest (RF), probabilistic neural network (PNN), and the ensemble k conditional nearest neighbor (EkCNN) algorithms are applied. Predictive performance is determined using measures of overall performance, discrimination, and calibration, and is compared in two reference data sets as well as in a simulation study. The reference data are Likert‐type data, and comprise 5 and 10 predictor variables, respectively. Simulations are based on the reference data and are done for a balanced and an unbalanced scenario in each case. In order to compare the algorithms' performance, data are simulated from multivariate distributions with differing degrees of nonnormality. Results differ depending on the specific performance measure. The main finding is that LDA is always outperformed by RF in the bimodal data with respect to overall performance. Discriminative ability of the RF algorithm is often higher compared to LDA, but its model calibration is usually worse. Still LDA mostly ranges second in cases it is outperformed by another algorithm, or the differences are only marginal. In consequence, we still recommend LDA for this type of application.
Racial and ethnic inequities of palliative care use among advanced Non‐Small cell lung cancer patients in the US
Authors: Islam Jessica Y. , Braithwaite Dejana , Zhang Dongyu , Guo Yi , Tailor Tina D. , Akinyemiju Tomi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundWith early intervention, palliative care (PC) can improve quality of life and increase survival among advanced‐stage non‐small cell lung cancer (aNCSLC) patients. However, PC is often offered late in the cancer treatment course and is underused. We characterized racial/ethnic inequities and the role of healthcare access in PC use among patients with aNSCLC.MethodsWe used data from the 2004–2016 National Cancer Database, including adults aged 18–90 years with aNSCLC (stage 3 or 4 at diagnosis; n = 803,618). Based on the NCCN guidelines, PC includes non‐curative surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, pain management, or any combination of non‐curative care. We examined PC use by sociodemographic and health care‐level characteristics. To evaluate the independent associations of race/ethnicity and health care access characteristics with PC, we estimated adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Covariate adjustment sets varied by exposure determined using directed acyclic graphs.ResultsOur population was 55% male and 77% non‐Hispanic/Latinx (NH)‐White, with a mean age of 68 years. Overall, 19% of patients with aNSCLC used PC. Compared to NH‐White patients, NH‐Black (aOR:0.91,95% CI:0.89–0.93) and Hispanic/Latinx (aOR:0.80,95% CI:0.77–0.83) patients were less likely to use PC, whereas Indigenous (AI/AN) (aOR:1.18,95% CI:1.06–1.31) and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander (aOR:2.08,95% CI:1.83–2.36) patients were more likely. Overall, compared to the privately‐insured, uninsured (aOR:1.19,95% CI:1.11–1.28) and Medicaid‐insured patients (aOR:1.19,95% CI:1.14–1.25) were more likely to use PC.ConclusionPC is underutilized among NH‐Black and Hispanic/Latinx patients with aNSCLC. Insurance type may play a role in PC use among patients with aNSCLC.
Breast cancer risk for women with diabetes and the impact of metformin: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Lu Yifan , Hajjar Ali , Cryns Vincent L. , Trentham‐Dietz Amy , Gangnon Ronald E. , Heckman‐Stoddard Brandy M. , Alagoz Oguzhan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundDiabetes mellitus has been associated with increased breast cancer (BC) risk; however, the magnitude of this effect is uncertain. This study focused on BC risk for women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsTwo separate meta‐analyses were conducted (1) to estimate the relative risk (RR) of BC for women with T2DM and (2) to evaluate the risk of BC for women with T2DM associated with the use of metformin, a common diabetes treatment. In addition, subgroup analyses adjusting for obesity as measured by body mass index (BMI) and menopausal status were also performed. Studies were identified via PubMed/Scopus database and manual search through April 2021.ResultsA total of 30 and 15 studies were included in the first and second meta‐analyses, respectively. The summary RR of BC for women with T2DM was 1.15 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09–1.21). The subgroup analyses adjusting BMI and adjusting BMI and menopause resulted in a summary RR of 1.22 (95% CI, 1.15–1.30) and 1.20 (95% CI, 1.05–1.36), respectively. For women with T2DM, the summary RR of BC was 0.82 (95% CI, 0.60–1.12) for metformin users compared with nonmetformin users.ConclusionsWomen with T2DM were more likely to be diagnosed with BC and this association was strengthened by adjusting for BMI and menopausal status. No statistically significant reduction of BC risk was observed among metformin users.ImpactThese two meta‐analyses can inform decision‐making for women with type 2 diabetes regarding their use of metformin and the use of screening mammography for early detection of breast cancer.