bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Training Patterns and Mental Health of Bodybuilders and Fitness Athletes During the First Lockdown of the COVID-19 Pandemic—A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Iff Samuel , Fröhlich Stefan , Halioua Robin , Imboden Christian , Spörri Jörg , Scherr Johannes , Butzke Ingo , Seifritz Erich , Claussen Malte Christian 
Published: May 2022

Background:Government restrictions during the first COVID-19 lockdown, such as the closure of gyms and fitness centers, drastically limited the training opportunities of bodybuilders and fitness athletes (BoFA) who rely on indoor training facilities. This provided a unique situation to investigate the effect of training limitations on the training patterns, training adaptive strategies and mental health of BoFAs.ObjectivesThe primary aim of this study was to investigate differences in the training patterns and the mental health of BoFA before and during the first COVID-19 lockdown. The secondary aim was to assess whether BoFA who exhibited features of muscle dysmorphia were affected differently from the group that did not.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted with 85 BoFAs by means of an online questionnaire asking about sports activity, intensity, subjective physical performance, and economic status, including primary or secondary occupations before (from memory) and during lockdown, current physical health problems and financial fears, symptoms of depression, sleep disorders, anxiety (trait and state), muscle dysmorphia, coping mechanisms and actions during the first lockdown in Switzerland.ResultsTraining patterns and mental health of BoFA were influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic and first lockdown. During lockdown, the physical activity on the BoFA dropped significantly from 2.3 ± 0.8 h per day to 1.6 ± 0.9 h per day (p &lt; 0.001), the subjective training intensity decreased significantly from 85.7 ± 13.2% to 58.3 ± 28.3% (p &lt; 0.001) and the subjective performance declined significantly from 83.4 ± 14.3% to 58.2 ± 27.8% (p &lt; 0.001) of maximal performance. In comparison to those without risk for body dysmorphia, participants at risk rated their maximal performance significantly lower and scored significantly higher for depression, sleep disorders and anxiety.ConclusionThis study showed the significant changes on the training patterns of BoFA before and during the first COVID-19 lockdown and poor mental health scores of BoFA during the lockdown itself, with those at risk of muscle dysmorphia scoring statistically worse regarding mental health than those with no risk of muscle dysmorphia. To better understand the particularities of BoFA, further investigation is needed to understand their psychology and in particular the effect of training restrictions on it.
The Approach to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Georgia—A Health Policy Analysis
Authors: Nadareishvili Ilia , Zhulina Ana , Tskitishvili Aleksandre , Togonidze Gvantsa , Bloom David E. , Lunze Karsten 
Published: May 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze key COVID-19 pandemic-related policies and national strategic responses in light of Georgia’s political, socioeconomic and cultural backgrounds.Methods: We applied a policy triangle framework for policy analysis, performed document and media content analysis, and described pandemic trends statistically.Results: Early introduction of stringent restrictive measures largely prevented a first wave in March–May 2020. This was communicated as a success story, prompting a public success perception. With unpopular restrictions lifted and hesitancy to embrace evidence-informed policymaking ahead of nationwide parliamentary elections, SARS-CoV-2 infection spread rapidly and was met with an insufficiently coordinated effort. Facing health system capacity saturation an almost complete lockdown was re-introduced in late 2020. Factors as delayed immunization campaign, insufficient coordination and, again, little evidence-informed policymaking eventually led to another devastating COVID-19 wave in summer of 2021.Conclusion: Georgia’s pandemic health policy response was adversely impacted by a volatile political environment. National pandemic preparedness and response might benefit from an independent body with appointment procedures and operations shielded from political influences to effectively inform and communicate evidence-based pandemic policy.
Le corps spontané et l’Extrême-Orient chez W. Pauli et C.G. Jung
Authors: Traversi Bruno 
Published: May 2022

En 1932, Wolfgang Pauli engage une thérapie avec Carl Gustav Jung, pour des problèmes de rapport au corps. Rapidement, leurs échanges prennent la forme d’une collaboration intellectuelle, au croisement de leurs deux disciplines, pour tenter de saisir le soubassement commun de la sphère physique et de la sphère psychique, du corps et de l’esprit. Leur recherche commune qui durera plus de vingt-cinq ans, jusqu’en 1958, s’articule autour du concept de complémentarité de Bohr qu’ils jugent propre à dépasser le paradigme du partage cartésien entre res cogitans et res extensa.
Ils forment l’hypothèse que l’esprit (sphère psychique) et le corps (sphère physique) sont deux aspects d’une réalité unique sous-jacente, réalité «psychoïde » ou «neutre » . Ils se réfèrent à certaines pratiques corporelles extrême-orientales, où le corps n’est pas une chose à maitriser, mais témoigne d’une spontanéité originelle
inscrivant le sujet dans son milieu, en deçà de l’acte volontaire et de la perception consciente.
Measuring the labour efficiency in Andalusia (Spain): A DEA approach
Authors: Sánchez Sánchez Francisca Jesús , Sánchez Sánchez Ana María , Pulido Noemí , Borrero Molina Diego Vicente 
Published: May 2022

This paper analyses the labour efficiency in Andalusia, and takes into account labour and demographic characteristics of the Andalusian municipalities. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is the methodology employed. The results obtained indicate differences at the municipal level that depend on the geographical arrangement, with the provincial capitals being the least efficient. An inverse relationship is established between the size of the municipality (in terms of number of inhabitants) and its labour efficiency: the smaller the size of the municipality, the greater the efficiency. The distance to the capital is also important in establishing the efficiency: the greater the distance to the capital, the greater the efficiency.
Hitting a New Low: The Unique 28 hr Cessation of Accretion in the TESS Light Curve of YY Dra (DO Dra)
Authors: Hill Katherine L. , Littlefield Colin , Garnavich Peter , Scaringi Simone , Szkody Paula , Mason Paul A. , Kennedy Mark R. , Shaw Aarran W. , Covington Ava E. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We present the Transiting Exoplanet Surveying Satellite light curve of the intermediate polar YY Draconis (YY Dra, also known as DO Dra). The power spectrum indicates that while there is stream-fed accretion for most of the observational period, there is a day-long, flat-bottomed low state at the beginning of 2020 during which the only periodic signal is ellipsoidal variation and there is no appreciable flickering. We interpret this low state to be a complete cessation of accretion, a phenomenon that has been observed only once before in an intermediate polar. Simultaneous ground-based observations of this faint state establish that when accretion is negligible, YY Dra fades to g = 17.37 ± 0.12, which we infer to be the magnitude of the combined photospheric contributions of the white dwarf and its red dwarf companion. Using survey photometry, we identify additional low states in 2018–2019 during which YY Dra repeatedly fades to—but never below—this threshold. This implies relatively frequent cessations in accretion. Spectroscopic observations during future episodes of negligible accretion can be used to directly measure the field strength of the white dwarf by Zeeman splitting. Separately, we search newly available catalogs of variable stars in an attempt to resolve the long-standing dispute over the proper identifier of this system.
Two‐stage majoritarian choice
Authors: Horan Sean , Sprumont Yves 
Published: May 2022

We propose a class of decisive collective choice rules that rely on a linear ordering to partition the majority relation into two acyclic relations. The first of these relations is used to pare down the set of the feasible alternatives into a shortlist while the second is used to make a final choice from the shortlist.
Rules in this class are characterized by four properties: two classical rationality requirements (Sen's
Expansion Consistency and Manzini and Mariotti's
Weak WARP); and adaptations of two classical collective choice requirements (Arrow's
Independence of Irrelevant Alternatives and Saari and Barney's
No Preference Reversal Bias). These rules also satisfy some other desirable properties, including an adaptation of May's
Positive Responsiveness.
Yield Response of Rice to Added Phosphorous and Potassium Fertilizer in the Dry Zone of Sri Lanka
Authors: Kodagoda M. M. , Thrikawala S. , De Z. Abeysiriwardena D. Sumith 
Published: May 2022

Purpose: Continuous application of Phosphorous (P) and Potassium (K) fertilizer over a long period in rice (Oryza sativa L) cultivation may lead to their accumulation in the soils. So, further addition of such fertilizers may be a waste in rice cultivation and also lead to environmental pollution. Thus, field experiments were carried out to study the yield response of rice to added P and K fertilizer under irrigated conditions in Low Humic Gley soils in the Dry Zone of Sri Lanka. Research Method: For the P response study, an experiment was conducted over three consecutive seasons in a rice field where P fertilizer had not been applied for 10 years before the initiation of the experiment, and for the K response study, an experiment was conducted over two consecutive seasons in a rice field where recommended K fertilizer had been continuously applied before the initiation of the experiment. Data on grain yield and yield components, milling quality, important soil properties, and soil and plant P and K contents were recorded and analyzed statistically. Findings: Grain yield, yield components and milling quality of rice did not respond to added P fertilizer over three consecutive seasons in a rice field where P fertilizer had not been applied 10 years before the initiation of the experiment. Soil P analysis indicated that enough soil P was available to maintain an adequate plant P level so that application of P fertilizer in rice cultivation can be avoided at least for about 11½ years (10 years + three seasons) without affecting grain yield and milling quality in Low Humic Gley soils in the Dry Zone of Sri Lanka while saving the cost for P fertilizer. The short-term response of grain yield in rice to added K fertilizer appeared dependent on the grain yield level obtained. No yield response of rice to added K was observed up to the yield level of about 4 t/ha. Thus, the application of K fertilizer can be avoided over two consecutive seasons without affecting grain yield in rice in Low Humic Gley soils in the Dry Zone of Sri Lanka if the yield level is 4t/ha or lower. Research Limitation: Further studies at different locations in farmers’ fields are needed to confirm the applicability of the findings of the present study in farmers’ fields in the Dry Zone of Sri Lanka. Originality/ Value: Long term (over 11½ years) P response study in rice. Such a long-term P response study in rice has not been reported to date. The short-term K response in rice is dependent on the grain yield level achieved.
Markov Chain Probability Models to Describe Bi-modal Rainfall Pattern in Sri Lanka
Authors: Wimalasiri Eranga M. , Ampitiyawatta A.D. 
Published: May 2022

Purpose: Sri Lanka is a tropical island with prominent four monsoonal seasons. The rainfall pattern of the country follows a bi-modal distribution with two peaks centred on two growing seasons. Model the bimodel rainfall distribution of Sri Lanka using the Markov probability chain model was the objective of this study. Research Method: Both first and second-order Markov probability models were developed for Anuradhapura, Badulla, Hambanthota and Katunayake using daily rainfall data for 1981–2011 period and the locations were selected to cover the major parts of the country. The model fit was done using Instat Statistical Programme. Findings: Both first and second-order Markov models successfully described bi-modal distribution of rainfall. In general, both transitional probabilities in the first order (p_rd and p_rr) and three transitional probabilities of second-order except rainfall after dry day and rainy day (p_rrd) followed a bi-modal pattern with two peaks. The sum of the logs of the rainfall amount (lr) and the amount of rainfall on rainy days (r_mean) also showed two peaks for two growing seasons. In both models, stations in the dry zone showed higher agreement in the simulated rainfall. Research Limitations: Lack of continuous long-term rainfall data is one of the major limitations. Originality/ Value: It is evident that both first and second-order Markov chain probability models are very much capable to explain the bi-modal rainfall distribution in Sri Lanka.
Neurological Manifestations in COVID-19 in three Waves of the Pandemic
Authors: Kulkarni Rahul , Gupta Dulari , Pujari Shripad , Deshpande Vishal , Naphade Pravin , Deshpande Rushikesh 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Though severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV 2) virus primarily affects respiratory system, neurological involvement is well known.

Aims:
To describe the neurological manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during three waves of the pandemic.

Methodology:
This was an ambispective observational single-centre study to describe the neurological manifestations of COVID-19 infection among inpatients from a tertiary care referral centre in Western India from March 2020 to January 2022.

Results:
Out of 14,822 patients admitted with COVID-19, 307 (2.07%) had neurological manifestations. Neurological manifestations were seen in 1.87% in first wave (onset to 10 Feb 21); 2.37% in second wave (Feb 11, 2021 to Dec 31, 2021) and 6.26% in third wave (Jan 1, 2022 to Jan 31, 2022). The most common neurological manifestations were encephalopathy (34.5%), ischemic stroke (32.1%), and acute symptomatic seizures (8.8%). Encephalopathy (p = 0.028) was more common in first wave while seizures were more common in third wave (p = 0.001). In patients with encephalopathy, hypoxia (p = 0.0001), shock (p = 0.001), renal involvement (p = 0.002), and sepsis (p = 0.033) were associated with higher mortality; while those with no systemic involvement had better survival (p = 0.0001). Among patients with ischemic stroke, 32.1% did not have any traditional vascular risk factors. These patients were 9 years younger and required 6 days less hospitalization than patients of stroke with vascular risk factors.

Conclusion:
SARS-CoV-2 produces many central and peripheral nervous system manifestations. Encephalopathy was more common in first wave while acute symptomatic seizures were more common in third wave. Encephalopathy was most common neurological manifestation with progressively higher mortality with increased number of systemic comorbidities. Ischemic stroke was seen in patients who had vascular risk factors as well as in patients without them.
Evaluation of Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis Prior to Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting - A Prospective Observational Study in North Indian Population
Authors: Bose Arghadip , Prasad Krishna , Debi Uma , Singh Harkant , Panda Prashant , Mehrotra Saurabh 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Carotid artery stenosis (CAS) is an established risk factor for peri-operative neurological complications in patients following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). However, routine pre-surgical screening for CAS is still a matter of debate. This study was conducted to study the prevalence of asymptomatic carotid artery disease in patients undergoing CABG and to determine the predictors of significant carotid stenosis in them.

Methods:
In this prospective observational study, 112 patients, who were planned for CABG, were enrolled, and their demographic details, risk factor profile, and coronary angiogram parameters were analyzed.

Results:
Carotid stenosis was observed in 75.0% of the study population with 11.6% having unilateral and 63.4% having bilateral carotid stenosis. A total of 56.2% of the patients had mild, 14.3% had moderate, and 4.5% had severe carotid stenosis. The presence of significant carotid stenosis showed a correlation with chronic stable angina (P = 0.009), significant left main (LM) disease (P = 0.001), chronic total occlusion (P = 0.043), and coronary vessel calcification (P = 0.004). Multivariate analysis of all the predictor variables in a regression model showed that significant LM disease (Odds ratio (OR):6.5, P = 0.002) and coronary artery calcification (OR: 4.3, P = 0.024) were the only independent predictors of significant CAS in the study population.

Conclusion:
The presence of significant carotid vessel stenosis in patients undergoing CABG in the Indian population has a stronger association with the chronicity of the coronary artery disease rather than the coronary atheroma load (as determined by the modified Gensini score). The presence of significant LM disease and coronary artery calcification may be useful in detecting high-risk patients for significant CAS during the pre-surgical workup.
A malignant glomus tumor in the nasal cavity responding to radiation therapy
Authors: Nam Jiho , Park Dahl , Kim Wontaek , Kim Donghyun 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Malignant glomus tumors of the head and neck are extremely rare, and to our knowledge, a response to high-dose radiation has not been described previously. We report one case in an 80-year-old woman with right nasal cavity mass. Histological examination revealed sheets of atypical round glomus cells. The presence of increased mitotic activity (25 per 10 high-power fields), cellular atypism, and tumor necrosis suggested malignancy. The smooth muscle actin, vimentin, and h-caldesmon immunohistochemistry stains the tumor cells. Two cycles of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide chemotherapy were done and the tumor size was slightly increased. Salvage radiation therapy (RT) was delivered to the primary mass over 4 weeks (50 Gy in 20 fractions) and leading to nearly complete regression of tumor. Additional investigations are warranted so that we may determine the usefulness of RT in the management of this rare tumor.
Clinicopathological characteristics of oral squamous cell carcinoma arising from oral submucous fibrosis: A systematic review
Authors: Divya Bose , Vasanthi V. , Ramadoss Ramya , Kumar A. Ramesh , Rajkumar Krishnan 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is considered to be a potentially malignant oral disorder with high risk of malignant transformation. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) arising from OSMF has peculiar clinical and histopathological features. To assess the clinicopathological features of OSCC arising in the background of OSMF in an attempt to identify the patients with OSMF who are at increased risk of developing OSCC. A systematic review was performed based on PRISMA guidelines to include articles published until May 2021 in English, relating the clinicohistopathological characteristics of OSCC arising from OSMF (OSMF-OSCC) or OSMF associated with OSCC (OSCC-OSMF). All the eligible articles were analyzed and relevant data were extracted. Seventeen articles were included for systematic review after following strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. The malignant transformation rate of OSMF-OSCC ranged from 1.9 to 9.13 and the prevalence of OSCC-OSMF ranged from 2.8 to 66. The mean age of the patients ranged from 36.6 years to 47.2 years and buccal mucosa was the common site to be affected. Majority of the OSCC-OSMF was well-to-moderately differentiated and majority of them did not metastasize to the lymph nodes. OSCC associated with OSMF presents at a younger age with early tumor stage, better differentiation, and better prognosis when compared to OSCC not associated with OSMF. However, more multicentric prospective studies with large sample size are required to determine the true biologic behavior of OSCC arising in the background of OSMF to establish less aggressive treatment strategies considering them as a separate entity.
EVALUATING UNIVERSITY PEDAGOGY: TEACHER AND STUDENT PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Aikaterini Toka , Gioti Labrina 
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the paper is to investigate the field of University Pedagogy and specifically the teaching characteristics and practices adopted in the postgraduate programs of the Alexander Technological Educational Institution (TEI) of Thessaloniki (now International Hellenic University). To this end, we conducted a mixed methodology research (triangulation) by implicating both the students and the teachers of the institution. The data collection methods were: 7 semi-structured interviews with the teaching staff and student questionnaires (n=98). Results show that a lot of the features of teaching are in line with the principles of student-centered and adult learning. Students appear to be satisfied with the teaching and the overall learning experience. They state that the climate is positive, the teachers friendly and accessible. However, despite the use of many teaching techniques (discussion, brainstorming, working in groups), the results show that enriched presentation remains the technique most frequently used. Finally, a significant correlation was found between students' academic background (major) and the way they perceive teaching (teacher-centered or student-centered).<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0948/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AWARENESS OF SOCIAL SERVICE UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS
Authors: Kucuk Arzu 
Published: May 2022

<p>This study aimed to determine the sustainable development awareness of the students studying in the social service program and to explain the factors that predict it. A survey method was used. Data were gathered with a scale called the "Sustainable Development Awareness Scale” developed by Ozturk-Demirbas (2011). Participants consisted of 55 students studying in the second year of the social service undergraduate program of a state university in Turkey. The measurement tool was applied to the students in an online environment in the first quarter of 2022. It was concluded that sustainable development awareness levels of social service undergraduate students are high in terms of environmental ethics, social factors, and total points and medium in terms of environmental-economic as measured in pre-service teachers in many other studies. Social service students' awareness of sustainable development was higher in the first two dimensions of the scale and lower in the third dimension when compared to the others. It has been revealed that the experiences during the normal flow of life do not have sufficient effect on this awareness. It is an important necessity for students to take action so that they can have concrete experiences in social responsibility projects and gain awareness of sustainable development.</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0767/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>