bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global change impacts a threatened species through alteration of predator-prey dynamics
Authors: Labadie Guillemette , Hardy Clément , Boulanger Yan , Vanlandeghem Virginie , Hebblewhite Mark , Fortin Daniel 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Although global change can reshape ecosystems by triggering cascading effects on food webs, indirect interactions remain largely overlooked. Climate- and land use-induced changes on landscape cause shifts in vegetation composition, which affect entire food webs. We used simulations of forest dynamics and movements of interacting species, parameterized by empirical observations, to predict the outcomes of global change on a large-mammal food-web in boreal forest. We demonstrate that climate- and land use-induced changes of forest landscapes exacerbate asymmetrical apparent competition between moose and threatened caribou populations, through wolf predation. While increased prey mortalities came from both behavioural and numerical responses, indirect effects from numerical responses had an overwhelming effect. The increase in caribou mortalities was exacerbated by the cumulating effects of land-use over the short term and climate change impacts over the long-term, with higher impact of land-use. Indirect trophic interactions will be key to understanding community dynamics under global change.
The performance of pretreatment MR-based radiomics in Recombinant human endostatin plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy response prediction in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A primary study
Authors: Huang Lixuan , Yang Zongxiang , Kang Min , Ren Hao , Jiang Muliang , Tang Cheng , Hu Yao , Shen Mingjun , Lin Huashan , Long Liling 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Antiangiogenic therapy may transiently “normalize” the tumor vasculature to increase the effect of chemoradiotherapy. The present study confirmed the combination of antiangiogenic therapy with chemoradiotherapy provides a promising strategy for the improvement of the prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) patients. Recombinant human endostatin (RHES) is a new type of antiangiogenic agent. Radiomics is a new method to study tumor heterogeneity, and it can evaluate tumor heterogeneity and biological characteristics by screening these features and constructing models. This study was aimed at investigating the capability of an MRI radiomics model based on pre-treatment texture features in predicting the efficacy of RHES + concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for NPC.Methods:In total, we retrospectively enrolled 65 patients newly diagnosed as having NPC and treated with RHES + CCRT. 144 texture features were extracted from the MRI before RHES+CCRT treatment of all the NPC patients. The maximum relevance minimum redundancy (mRMR) method was used to remove redundant, irrelevant texture features, and calculate the Rad score of the primary tumor. Multivariable logistic regression was used to select the most predictive features subset, and prediction models were constructed, which included radiomics models, clinics models, and combined models. The performance of the three models in predicting the early response of RHES + CCRT for NPC was explored.Result:The diagnostic efficiency of combined model and radiomics model in distinguishing between the groups was found to be moderate. The area under the curve (AUC) of the combined model and radiomics model was 0.74 (95% CI: 0.62–0.86) and 0.71 (95% CI: 0.58–0.84), respectively, with both being higher than the AUC of the clinics model (0.63, 95% CI: 0.49–0.78). Compared with the pure radiomics model, the combined model showed marginally improved diagnostic performance in predicting RHES + CCRT treatment response. The accuracy of combined model and radiomics model for RHES + CCRT response assessment in NPC were higher than those of the clinics model (0.723, 0.723 vs. 0.677). Conclusion:The pretreatment MRI based radiomics can predict RHES + CCRT response in patients with NPC with a better accuracy than the clinics model.
Comparison of the Gastrointestinal Microbiome in Billroth I and Roux-en-Y Reconstructions After Distal Gastrectomy
Authors: Imai Yoshiro , Lee Sang-Woong , Sakaguchi Shoichi , Kato-Kogoe Nahoko , Taniguchi Kohei , Omori Michi , Tanaka Ryo , Honda Kotaro , Osumi Wataru , Nakano Takashi , Ueno Takaaki , Uchiyama Kazuhisa 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Few reports exist regarding changes in gastric microbiota after distal gastrectomy; to our knowledge, none examined changes following reconstruction. This study aimed to compare the gastric microbiota following Billroth I and Roux-en-Y reconstructions after distal gastrectomy. We enrolled 71 gastrectomized patients with gastric cancer; 31 and 40 underwent Billroth I and Roux-en-Y reconstructions, respectively. During upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, gastric fluid was collected immediately before and 6 months after distal gastrectomy. Deoxyribonucleic acid isolated from each sample was evaluated using 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid metagenomic analysis. Analysis revealed that the gastric microbiota’s species richness (expressed as the alpha diversity) was significantly lower after than before distal gastrectomy (operational taxonomic units, p = 0.001; Shannon index, p = 0.03). The interindividual diversity (beta diversity) was significantly different before and after distal gastrectomy (unweighted UniFrac distances, p = 0.04; weighted UniFrac distances, p = 0.001; Bray–Curtis, p = 0.001). Alpha and beta diversity were not significantly different between Billroth I and Roux-en-Y reconstructions (observed operational taxonomic units, p = 0.58; Shannon index, p = 0.95; unweighted UniFrac distances, p = 0.65; weighted UniFrac distances, p = 0.67; Bray–Curtis, p = 0.63). Our study demonstrated significant differences in gastric microbiota diversity, composition, and community before and after distal gastrectomy but no difference between Billroth I and Roux-en-Y reconstruction after distal gastrectomy.
Implementation of Back At work After Surgery (BAAS): a feasibility study of an integrated pathway for improved return to work after knee arthroplasty
Authors: Strijbos Daniel Otto , Sluis Geert van der , Boymans Tim A.E.J. , de Groot Stephan , Klomp Simon , Kooijman Carolien M. , Reneman Michiel F. , Kuijer Paul P.F.M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Optimizing return to work after knee arthroplasty is becoming more important because of the growing incidence of KA among workers and poor return to work outcomes. The purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility of Back At work After Surgery (BAAS): an integrated clinical pathway for return to work after knee arthroplasty. Method: Working patients who received unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA) between January 2021 and November 2021, younger than 65 years and motivated to return to work were eligible to participate. Feasibility was investigated on five domains: reach, dose delivered, dose received, fidelity and patients’ attitudes. These outcomes were obtained by a patient-reported questionnaire and an interview with the occupational case manager and medical case manager.Results: Of the eligible 29 patients, eleven were willing to participate (response rate 38%; due to travel distance to and from the hospital). The dose delivered was between 91 and 100%, except information given about return to work from the orthopedic surgeon which was 18%. The dose received was 100%. For fidelity, case managers reported nine shortcomings for which five solutions were mentioned. In terms of patients’ attitude, all patients were satisfied and one patient mentioned an improvement. Conclusions: In terms of reach, participation was low: only 29%. The BAAS clinical pathway seems feasible based on dose delivered, dose received, fidelity and patient attitudes. The next step is to assess the effectiveness of the BAAS clinical pathway for return to work.
Willingness to Join and Pay Social Health Insurance and Associated Factors Among Public Sectors Workers in Didu Woreda, South West Ethiopia, 2018
Authors: Regassa Zelalem , Negera Ebissa , Silashi Tesfaye , Kaba Zalalem 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundSocial health insurance is a form of healthcare financing mechanism for raising and pooling funds to finance and manage health services to attain universal health coverage. Cost-sharing between beneficiaries and governments is critical to achieving universal health care coverage. To address this, Ethiopia is currently introducing social health insurance.ObjectiveTo assess the willingness and associated factors to join and pay social health insurance among public sectors workers in Didu woreda, southwest Ethiopia,2018MethodologyA cross-sectional study was conducted from April 15–30, 2018 on 280 public sector workers of Didu Woreda. Stratified and simple random sampling techniques were used, and data were collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to compute crude odd ratio with its 95% confidence interval to test the associations between dependent and independent variables and a P-value of 0.05 with a confidence interval of 95% was used to declare the level of statistical significance.Results280 public sectors workers participated, with a response rate of 98.2%. About 33.6% of the public servants had never heard of any type of health insurance scheme. However, 47.5% of them were willing to join for the suggested insurance scheme from these about 58% of those who were willing to join are willing to pay 3%of their monthly salary that was proposed. Willingness to join was significantly associated with the age of respondents, marital status, job description, how much paid, the satisfaction of the respondents, and previous history of borrowing money for the medical service fees.Conclusionwillingness to join and pay in this study was found to be 47.5% and 58% respectively. Therefore, adequate awareness creation and discussion should be made with all employees.
Geochemical analysis of the Late Ordovician–early Silurian black shales from the Xindi No.2 well in the Upper Yangtze area, South China: Implications for provenance, palaeoclimate and palaeoenvironmental change
Authors: Men Xin , Mou Chuanlong , Ge Xiangying 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The Ordovician-Silurian transition was a critical period in geological history, during which profound changes in climatic, biotic, and oceanic conditions occurred. To explore the provenance, palaeoclimate, and palaeoredox conditions in the Sichuan Basin during the Late Ordovician- early Silurian interval, we conducted a mineralogical and geochemical analysis of three formations (Wufeng, Guanyinqiao and Longmaxi formations) encountered in the Xindi No.2 well. The ternary diagram of Al2O3-(CaO*+Na2O)-K2O and the bivariate diagram of La/Th-Hf and La/Yb-∑REEs indicate that the provenance of these formations is mainly from felsic igneous rocks. The La-Th-Sc, Th-Co-Zr/10, and Th-Sc-Zr/10 ternary diagrams and two multidimensional diagrams reveal that the samples in the study area mainly originated from a collisional setting, presumably due to an active continental margin. The chemical index of alteration (CIA) values indicate that the intensity of chemical weathering in the source area was weak to moderate. The CIA values in the lower part of the Wufeng Formation and Longmaxi Formation are relatively high (67.48-73.57), indicating that the climate was warm and humid during deposition. In contrast, the CIA value declined rapidly from the upper part of the Wufeng Formation (Metabolograptus.extraordinarius zone) to the Guanyinqiao Formation (Hirnantian stage; 58.30-64.66). During this period, the overall climate was cold and dry, but the data fluctuations show that the cold and dry climate was interrupted by a transient warm and humid climate. Palaeoredox indices (Mo concentrations and MoEF/UEF; U/Th, V/Cr, Ni/Co, and V/V+Ni values) fluctuate during the Late Ordovician- early Silurian, which were distinguished into four distinct parts, indicating two cycles of water column euxinia. The first cycle occurred during the accumulation of the Wufeng Formation, with bottom waters evolving from oxic-suboxic (part Ⅰ) to suboxic-anoxic (part Ⅱ). Regarding the period of accumulation of the Guanyinqiao Formation (part Ⅲ), most samples show low redox-sensitive trace element concentrations, suggesting oxic-suboxic conditions. The water column transitioned from oxic to euxinic in the late Hirnantian (at the base of the Longmaxi Formation). Strong euxinic bottom water persisted throughout the deposition of the Longmaxi Formation (part Ⅳ). Finally, the δ13Corg isotopic data constrain the timing of the Late Ordovician mass extinction and the evolution of temporal changes in the climatic and ocean redox conditions. Climatic fluctuations, coupled with oceanic anoxia, were likely responsible for the gradual end of the Late Ordovician biotic crisis.
Environmental extremes at high altitude drive clutch size patterns in a wide-ranging lizard
Authors: Deme Gideon Gywa , Wu Nicholas C , Sun Baojun , Xin Hao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Latitudinal patterns in reproductive output such as clutch size are linked to resource abundance and seasonal climate variation across taxa. Understanding if these patterns hold across local altitudinal gradients and within species can provide insight on key drivers of life-history evolution across scales. In this study, we examined geographical variations in clutch size and climate conditions in a wide-ranging lizard. We collected clutch data from ten populations of E. argus of varying elevation in China from both field observation and from the literature. A total of 369 clutches were obtained and generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to test the relationship between clutch size with body mass, habitat type, elevation, and climate conditions. Body mass strongly correlated with clutch size across all populations. Females from populations at high altitudes with low mean annual temperature and variability, and drier conditions had smaller clutches, while females at lower altitudes with higher mean temperatures and rainfall had larger clutch sizes. Poor climate conditions at high altitudes suggest fewer resources for females to invest in larger clutch size, likely due to reduced foraging and activity times, and growth under unfavourable conditions. These constraints match macroecological patterns of clutch size diversity in egg-laying taxa, suggesting local climate constraints can translate across scales to explain the diversity of reproductive output.
Biocompatible carbon dot decorated α-FeOOH nanohybrid for an effective fluorometric sensing of Cr (VI) in wastewater and living cells
Authors: Ghosh Bidisha , Roy Shubham , Bardhan Souravi , Mondal Dhananjoy , Saha Ishita , Ghosh Saheli , Basu Ruma , Karmakar Parimal , Das Kaustuv , Das Sukhen 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This article reports the fluorometric detection of toxic hexavalent chromium Cr (VI)) in wastewater and Cr (VI) contaminated living cells using in-situ grown carbon quantum dots into the goethite (α-FeOOH) nano-matrix. The synthesized nano-hybrid shows enormous potential in determining the chromium contamination levels in various types of water samples. This selective fluorometric probe is enormously sensitive (LOD 81nM) towards hexavalent chromium, which makes it a dedicated chromium sensor. Moreover, the sensing mechanism has been assessed using Stern-Volmer’s equation and fluorescence lifetime experiments showing the simultaneous occurrence of photoinduced electron transfer and inner filter effect. This chromium sensor has also been employed to assess the contamination level in real-life industrial wastewater. The performance of this probe in real-life wastewater sample is quite commendable. Further, this biocompatible fluorometric probe has been used to demonstrate the in-vitro sensing of Cr (VI) in HeLa cells. The rapid detection mechanism of hexavalent chromium in living cells has been validated using theoretical docking simulations. Henceforth, this fluorometric sensor material could open new avenues not only in wastewater monitoring but also in biomedical applications.
Long- term safety of Eruca sativa leaf ethanolic extract on Male Rats
Authors: El-Gayar Hussam Ahmed , Derbala Safaa , Hamed Sahar , El-Demerdash Reda Soliman , Afifi Wael Mohamady , Emam Sameh Ibrahem Ahmed El , Edrees Gamal Mohamed 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The present study was performed to evaluate the safe dose of ethanolic Eruca sativa leaves extract in healthy adult male rats. Twenty-five male Wister rats were divided into 5 groups: Group I (Control): received no treatment, groups 2, 3, 4, and 5 received 1, 3, 5, and 6 g/kg BW orally per day for 35 days. On the 36 day, rats were euthanized. Body weights were recorded. Serum biochemical analysis and the expression level of liver and kidney p53 and Bcl-2 were determined. Histopathology of liver and kidney, and TNF-α immunohistochemistry were examined. The ethanolic extract revealed the content of phenols, flavonoids, and fatty acids. Determination of biochemical parameters showed no significant difference in the estimated parameters between control and treated groups. While the treated groups did not show any significant changes expressions of p53 and Bcl-2 as observed by histopathological and immunohistochemical examination as compared to the control group, liver and kidney toxicity occurred for the rat groups administered 6g/kg. In conclusion, Eruca sativa is not toxic and there were no structural and functional changes in the liver and kidney when administered the doses of 1–5 g/Kg BW over a 35-day period through its potent antioxidant activity in rats and that toxicity that occurred in the 6g/kg-day group may be caused by a high concentration of glucosinolates.
Surface roughness and Streptococcus mutans adhesion on surface sealant agent coupled interim crown materials after dynamic loading by simulated chewing forces
Authors: şahin onur , Topçu Eda , Köroğlu Ayşegül , Cömert Füsun , Yılmaz Burak 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Surface sealant agents have been developed as an alternative to conventional polishing methods. These agents can achieve smoother surfaces in less time than conventional methods, studies on the condition of these agents against the chewing forces are lacking. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the surface roughness and the adhesion of Streptococcus mutans adhesion after chewing simulation of surface sealent coupled interim prosthetic materials.Methods: One hundred and twelve specimens were fabricated from two poly(methyl methacrylate) (Tab 2000, Dentalon Plus) and two bis-acryl (Tempofit, Protemp 4) interim crown materials and divided into 4 groups (n=7) according to applied surface treatment procedures: conventional polishing (control) and 3 surface sealant (Palaseal, Optiglaze, Biscover) coupling methods. The surface roughness values were measured with a profilometer before (Ra0) and after aging process through dynamic loading in a multifunctional chewing simulator for 10,000 cycles at 50 N load combined with integral thermocycling (between 5°C and 55°C) (Ra1). Specimens were incubated with Streptococcus mutans suspension and bacterial colonizations were evaluated.Results: Except the use of Optiglaze and BisCover LV surface sealant agents on Protemp 4 and the use of Palaseal and Biscover LV on Tempofit; surface sealant agent application significantly decreased the surface roughness compared with the conventionally polished specimens. Statistically, surface roughness after dynamic loading showed a significant increase in all groups, except Tab 2000 and Protemp 4 control groups. A positive correlation was found between surface roughness values of interim prosthodontic materials and the quantitiy of Streptococcus Mutans. Conclusions: Even though surface sealant agent application significantly decreased the surface roughness compared with the conventionally polished specimens, dynamic loading significantly increased the surface roughness of all surface sealant coupled groups. The Ra values of all test groups were higher than the plaque accumulation threshold (0.20 µm). Streptococcus mutans adhered more on rougher surfaces.
Magneto-Optical Kerr effect in surface engineered 2D hexagonal boron nitride
Authors: Mirabbaszadeh Kavoos , Torkashvand Ziba , Shayeganfar Farzaneh , Lee Changgu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Magnetism in atomically thin functional materials can be an important phenomenon for exploring two-dimensional magneto-optics. Magneto-optical experimental data have revealed significant Kerr signals in insulator thin films. Here, the magneto-optical Kerr effect of oxygen functionalized and doped hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) has been investigated by performing first-principles calculations. We calculated Kerr angle and Kerr ellipticity for functionalized hBN as an attention-drawn material. Moreover, increasing of oxygen doping percentage leads to the introduction of surface plasmon to hBN. Our findings show that the functionalized hBN can tolerate high-temperature conditions, keeping oxygen atoms bridge-bonded. These giant opto/magnetic responses of insulating 2D materials provide a platform for the potential designing of magneto-optical devices.
Impacts of Climate Change on Spatial Drought Distribution in Mediterranean Basin: Different Climate Models and Downscaling Methods
Authors: Erkol Zülküf İbrahim , Yesilyurt S. Nur , Dalkilic H. Yildirim 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The impacts of climate change increasingly show themselves in many forms in our everyday lives such as heatwaves and droughts. Drought is one of the critical events today for increasing drought frequency. This study focuses on meteorological drought because it directly affects other drought types. Hence, this study focuses on how the future drought conditions will vary under climate change effects in the Mediterranean basin. In doing so, this study utilizes precipitation data of three General Circulation Models (GCMs) and three Regional Circulation Models (RCMs). The GCMs are CNRM-CM6, GFDL-CM4, and MPI-ESM1, while the RCMs are CNRM-CM5, GFDL-ESM2M, and MPI-ESM-MR. Mitigating biases of the climate models, this study utilizes four Statistical Downscaling methods (SD), linear scaling (LS), local intensity scaling (LOCI), power transformation (PT), and distribution mapping (DM). Here, the study has two purposes. First, it compares the performances of SD methods in improving climate models' representation of observed climate variables. Second, the study shows how different methods will affect spatial drought distribution in the area under SSP2 RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios. Consequently, the study uses the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Z-score Index (ZSI) to quantify future drought conditions and reaches the following results. The study reveals that mild drought conditions are prevalent in the basin for future periods, and drought indices go down to -0.55. The study also shows that different SD methods affect the results obtained by each climate model diversely. For example, while the LS method causes the most drought conditions on the results based on CNRM-CM5 and CNRM-CM6, the DM method has a similar impact on outcomes based on GFDL-CM4 and GFDL-ESM2M and causes the most drought conditions.