bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PDIA2 Bridges Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Metabolic Reprogramming During Malignant Transformation of Chronic Colitis
Authors: Tao Jie , Yin Lin , Wu Ao , Zhang Jiaoli , Zhang Jingpu , Shi Huichun , Liu Siyuan , Niu Liangfei , Xu Li , Feng Yanling , Lian Shixian , Li Lei , Zeng Liyan , Meng Xianmin , Zhou Xiaohui , Liu Tiefu , Zhang Lijun 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundChronic inflammation contributes to approximately 20% of cancers; the underlying mechanisms are still elusive. Here, using an animal model of colitis to colon-cancerous transformation, we demonstrated that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress couples with metabolic reprogramming to promote a malignant transformation of chronic inflammation.MethodsThe animal model for chronic colitis to colon-cancerous transformation was established in C57BL/6N mice by azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) treatments. The differential proteins in control and AOM/DSS-treated colon mucosa were determined using proteomic analysis; the kinetics of metabolic modifications were monitored by mitochondrial oxygen flux, extracellular acidification, and targeted metabolomics; the molecule linker between ER stress and metabolic modifications were identified by coimmunoprecipitation, KEGG pathway analysis, and the subcutaneous tumor model using gene-specific knockdown colon cancer cells. Tissue array analysis were used to evaluate the differential protein in cancer and cancer-adjacent tissues.ResultsAOM/DSS treatment induced 38 tumors in 10 mice at the 14th week with the mean tumor size 9.35 ± 3.87 mm2, which was significantly decreased to 5.85 ± 0.95 mm2 by the ER stress inhibitor 4-phenylbutyric acid (4PBA). Seven differential proteins were determined from control (1,067 ± 48) and AOM/DSS-treated mucosa (1,077 ± 59); the level of ER protein PDIA2 (protein disulfide isomerase-associated 2) was increased over 7-fold in response to AOM/DSS treatment. PDIA2 interacted with 420 proteins that were involved in 8 signaling pathways, in particular with 53 proteins in metabolic pathways. PDIA2 translocated from ER to mitochondria and interacted with the components of complexes I and II to inhibit oxophosphorylation but increase glycolysis. Knockdown PDIA2 in colon cancer cells restored the metabolic imbalance and significantly repressed tumor growth in the xenograft animal model. 4PBA therapy inhibited the AOM/DSS-mediated overexpression of PDIA2 and metabolic modifications and suppressed colon cancer growth. In clinic, PDIA2 was overexpressed in colon cancer tissues rather than cancer-adjacent tissues and was related with the late stages and lymph node metastasis of colon cancer.ConclusionsPersistent ER stress reprograms the metabolism to promote the malignant transformation of chronic colitis; PDIA2 serves as a molecule linker between ER stress and metabolic reprogramming. The inhibition of ER stress restores metabolic homeostasis and attenuates the cancerous transformation of chronic inflammation.
Oncological and Reproductive Outcomes After Fertility-Sparing Surgery for Stage I Mucinous Ovarian Carcinoma
Authors: Lin Wei , Cao Dongyan , Shi Xiaohua , You Yan , Yang Jiaxin , Shen Keng 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundFertility-sparing surgery (FSS) has been widely used for patients with early-stage mucinous ovarian carcinoma (MOC). However, there is limited evidence regarding the reproductive outcomes as well as the impact of growth pattern on oncological outcomes after FSS. This study aims to evaluate the oncological and reproductive outcomes of patients with stage I primary MOC after FSS.MethodsThis retrospective study enrolled 159 women with histologically confirmed unilateral stage I MOC treated at Peking Union Medical College Hospital between 1997 and 2019. Sixty-seven cases were pathologically reviewed for the growth pattern. Seventy-eight patients had FSS, defined as conservation of the uterus and at least part of one ovary, while 81 underwent radical surgery (RS). Oncofertility outcomes were compared between the groups and clinicopathological factors associated with disease-free survival (DFS) were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analyses. Patients in the FSS group were contacted to collect data on reproductive outcomes.ResultsEighteen patients developed recurrent disease during a median follow-up of 69 months, including 12 in the FSS and six in the RS group. There was one death each in the FSS and RS groups. There was no significant difference in DFS between the groups. CA125 &gt;35 U/ml, stage IC, and incomplete staging were correlated with worse DFS according to multivariate analysis (P=0.001; 0.020 (stage IC) and 0.004 (incomplete staging) respectively). There was no significant difference in DFS between patients with stage IA and stage IC1 in the FSS group, while DFS was poorer in patients with stage IC2/3 than stage IA (P=0.028). In addition, DFS was significantly poorer in patients who underwent unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (USO) compared with those receiving USO plus staging surgery (P=0.015). There was a tendency towards poorer DFS in the infiltrative tumors compared with the expansile tumors (P=0.056). Of 23 patients who attempted to conceive, 21 (91.3%) achieved 27 pregnancies, including 26 spontaneous pregnancies and one following assisted reproductive technology. Twenty patients gave birth to 24 healthy babies, including 21 full-term and three premature births. The live-birth rate was 88.9%.ConclusionsFSS is a suitable option for young women with unilateral stage I expansile MOC, with acceptable oncological outcomes and meaningful pregnancy rates. Re-staging should be proposed in patients who undergo incomplete staging surgery.
Four-Dimensional Image-Guided Adaptive Brachytherapy for Cervical Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression Analysis
Authors: Li Fei , Shi Dan , Bu Mingwei , Lu Shuangchen , Zhao Hongfu 
Published: July 2022

PurposeThe ICRU/GEC-ESTRO released the ICRU Report No. 89, which introduced the concept of four-dimensional brachytherapy and ushered in a new era of brachytherapy for cervical cancer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the local control and late toxicity of four-dimensional brachytherapy in cervical cancer through a systematic review and to reveal the dose-response relationship between the volumetric dose paraments and the local control rate via a probit model.Material and MethodsWe identified studies that reported the HR-CTV D90 and local control probabilities by searching the PubMed Database, the Web of Science Core Collection and the Cochrane Library Database through February 1st, 2022. Regression analyses were performed between the HR-CTV D90 and the local control probability using a probit model.ResultsNineteen studies enrolling 3,616 patients were included. The probit model showed a significant relationship between the HR-CTV D90 value and IR-CTV D90 Vs. the local control probability, P &lt; 0.001 and P = 0.003, respectively. The D90 for HR-CTV and IR-CTV corresponding to a probability of 90% local control was 79.1 GyEQD2,10 (95% CI:69.8 – 83.7 GyEQD2,10) and 66.5 GyEQD2,10 (95% CI: 62.8 - 67.9 GyEQD2,10), respectively. The limits for the prescribed dose of 85 GyEQD2,10 for HR-CTV D90 theoretically warranted a 92.1% (95% CI: 90.2% - 95.3%) local control rate, and 87.2% (95% CI: 82.4% - 91.8%) local control probability was expected for 65 GyEQD2,10 to IR-CTV D90. The probit model showed no significant relationship between the D2cc to organs at risk and the probability of grade 3 and above gastrointestinal or genitourinary toxicity.ConclusionsFour-dimensional brachytherapy takes into account uncertain factors such as tumour regression, internal organ motion and organ filling, and provides a more accurate and more therapeutic ratio delivery through adaptive delineation and replanning, replacement of the applicator, and the addition of interstitial needles. The dose volume effect relationship of four-dimensional brachytherapy between the HR-CTV D90 and the local control rate provides an objective planning aim dose.
Auto-Segmentation Ultrasound-Based Radiomics Technology to Stratify Patient With Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Multi-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Chen Jifan , Jin Peile , Song Yue , Feng Liting , Lu Jiayue , Chen Hongjian , Xin Lei , Qiu Fuqiang , Cong Zhang , Shen Jiaxin , Zhao Yanan , Xu Wen , Cai Chenxi , Zhou Yan , Yang Jinfeng , Zhang Chao , Chen Qin , Jing Xiang , Huang Pintong 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundAn increasing proportion of patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has been observed among incident hemodialysis patients in large cities, which is consistent with the continuous growth of diabetes in the past 20 years.PurposeIn this multicenter retrospective study, we developed a deep learning (DL)-based automatic segmentation and radiomics technology to stratify patients with DKD and evaluate the possibility of clinical application across centers.Materials and MethodsThe research participants were enrolled retrospectively and separated into three parts: training, validation, and independent test datasets for further analysis. DeepLabV3+ network, PyRadiomics package, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator were used for segmentation, extraction of radiomics variables, and regression, respectively.ResultsA total of 499 patients from three centers were enrolled in this study including 246 patients with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and 253 patients with DKD. The mean intersection-over-union (Miou) and mean pixel accuracy (mPA) of automatic segmentation of the data from the three medical centers were 0.812 ± 0.003, 0.781 ± 0.009, 0.805 ± 0.020 and 0.890 ± 0.004, 0.870 ± 0.002, 0.893 ± 0.007, respectively. The variables from the renal parenchyma and sinus provided different information for the diagnosis and follow-up of DKD. The area under the curve (AUC) of the radiomics model for differentiating between DKD and T2DM patients was 0.674 ± 0.074 and for differentiating between the high and low stages of DKD was 0.803 ± 0.037.ConclusionIn this study, we developed a DL-based automatic segmentation, radiomics technology to stratify patients with DKD. The DL technology was proposed to achieve fast and accurate anatomical-level segmentation in the kidney, and an ultrasound-based radiomics model can achieve high diagnostic performance in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with DKD.
A Novel Prognostic Signature Associated With the Tumor Microenvironment in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Pei Dongchen , Xu Chaojie , Wang Dong , Shi Xiaoxue , Zhang Yurui , Liu Yi , Guo Jianhua , Liu Nan , Zhu Haipeng 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundThe tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex and evolving environment, and the tumor immune microenvironment in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) has a strong suppressive profile. This study investigates the potential prognostic role and value of genes of the tumor microenvironment in KIRC.MethodsThe transcriptome sequencing data of 530 cases and 39 cases of KIRC and the corresponding clinical prognosis information were downloaded from TCGA data and GEO data, respectively, and TME-related gene expression profiles were extracted. A prognostic signature was constructed and evaluated using univariate Cox regression analysis and LASSO regression analysis. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to obtain the biological process of gene enrichment in patients with high and low-risk groups.ResultsA prognostic signature consisting of eight TME-related genes (LRFN1, CSF1, UCN, TUBB2B, SERPINF1, ADAM8, ABCB4, CCL22) was constructed. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis yielded significantly lower survival times for patients in the high-risk group than in the low-risk group, and the AUC values for the ROC curves of this prognostic signature were essentially greater than 0.7, and univariate and multifactorial Cox regression analyses indicated that the risk score was independent risk factors for KIRC prognosis. GSEA analysis showed that immune-related biological processes were enriched in the high-risk group and that risk values were strongly associated with multiple immune cell scores and immune checkpoint-related genes (PDCD1, CTLA4).ConclusionsThe prognostic signature can accurately predict the prognosis of KIRC patients, which may provide new ideas for future precision immunotherapy of KIRC.
Epidemiological Evidence for Associations Between Genetic Variants and Osteosarcoma Susceptibility: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yuan Dechao , Tian Jie , Fang Xiang , Xiong Yan , Banskota Nishant , Kuang Fuguo , Zhang Wenli , Duan Hong 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundPrevious studies have showed that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) might be implicated in the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma (OS). Numerous studies involving SNPs with OS risk have been reported; these results, however, remain controversial and no comprehensive research synopsis has been performed till now.ObjectiveThis study seeks to clarify the relationships between SNPs and OS risk using a comprehensive meta-analysis, and assess epidemiological evidence of significant associations.MethodsThe PubMed, Web of Science, and Medline were used to screen for articles that evaluated the association between SNP and OS susceptibility in humans before 24 December 2021. Furthermore, we used Venice Criteria and a false positive report probability (FPRP) test to assess the grades of epidemiological evidence for the statistical relationships.ResultsWe extracted useful data based on 43 articles, including 10,255 cases and 13,733 controls. Our results presented that 25 SNPs in 17 genes were significantly associated with OS risk. Finally, we graded strong evidence for 17 SNPs in 14 genes with OS risk (APE1 rs1760944, BCAS1 rs3787547, CTLA4 rs231775, ERCC3 rs4150506, HOTAIR rs7958904, IL6 rs1800795, IL8 rs4073, MTAP rs7023329 and rs7027989, PRKCG rs454006, RECQL5 rs820196, TP53 rs1042522, VEGF rs3025039, rs699947 and rs2010963, VMP1 rs1295925, XRCC3 rs861539), moderate for 14 SNPs in 12 genes and weak for 14 SNPs in 11 genes.ConclusionIn summary, this study offered a comprehensive meta-analysis between SNPs and OS susceptibility, then evaluated the credibility of statistical relationships, and provided useful information to identify the appropriate candidate SNPs and design future studies to evaluate SNP factors for OS risk.
Comparison of 68Ga-FAPI and 18F-FDG PET/CT in the Evaluation of Patients With Newly Diagnosed Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Wu Junhao , Deng Hao , Zhong Haoshu , Wang Tao , Rao Zijuan , Wang Yingwei , Chen Yue , Zhang Chunyin 
Published: July 2022

PurposeSeveral studies have demonstrated that 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT shows high intratumoral tracer uptake and low normal tissue uptake, allowing for excellent visualization of cancer. The purpose of this study was to compare the ability of 68Ga-FAPI and 18F-FDG PET/CT for the evaluation of newly diagnosed NSCLC.Materials and MethodsA prospective analysis of 28 individuals with histopathologically newly confirmed NSCLC that underwent 68Ga-FAPI and 18F-FDG PET/CT was conducted. The performance of two imaging modalities was compared based upon visual assessment, rates of cancer detection, and semi-quantitative parameters (target-to-background ratio [TBR], maximum standard uptake value [SUVmax]) for both primary tumors and metastases.ResultsIn total, this study enrolled 28 participants (13 male, 15 female; median age: 60.5 years, range: 34 – 78 years. &lt;u&gt;For primary tumors, 68Ga-FAPI and 18F-FDG PET/CT have similar detection performance (28 vs. 27). However, 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT was found to more effectively evaluate most metastases as compared to 18F-FDG PET/CT. 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT detecting more metastases present within the lymph nodes (53 vs. 49), pleura (8 vs. 7), liver (4 vs. 1), and bone (41 vs. 35).&lt;/u&gt; The SUVmax and TBR values for 68Ga-FAPI were substantially superior to those for 18F-FDG in lymph node, pleural, and bone metastases. While the SUVmax for these two imaging approaches was comparable for hepatic metastases, 68Ga-FAPI exhibited a significantly higher TBR in relation to that of 18F-FDG. In addition, 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT demonstrates excellent N (80% [8/10]) and M (92.9% [26/28]) staging accuracy in NSCLC patients.Conclusions68Ga-FAPI PET/CT as an examination modality is excellent for evaluation of newly diagnosed NSCLC. 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT improves the detection rates of most metastases and facilitating the superior staging of patients with newly diagnosed NSCLC, relative to that achieved by 18F-FDG PET/CT.
Clinical and CT Features of Subsolid Pulmonary Nodules With Interval Growth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Liang Xin , Liu Mengwen , Li Meng , Zhang Li 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundEstablishing risk-based follow-up management strategies is crucial to the surveillance of subsolid pulmonary nodules (SSNs). However, the risk factors for SSN growth are not currently clear. This study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify clinical and CT features correlated with SSN growth.MethodsRelevant studies were retrieved from Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE. The correlations of clinical and CT features with SSN growth were pooled using a random-effects model or fixed-effects model depending on heterogeneity, which was examined by the Q test and I2 test. Pooled odds ratio (OR) or pooled standardized mean differences (SMD) based on univariate analyses were calculated to assess the correlation of clinical and CT features with SSN growth. Pooled ORs based on multivariate analyses were calculated to find out independent risk factors to SSN growth. Subgroup meta-analysis was performed based on nodule consistency (pure ground-glass nodule (pGGN) and part-solid nodule (PSN). Publication bias was examined using funnel plots.ResultsNineteen original studies were included, consisting of 2444 patients and 3012 SSNs. The median/mean follow-up duration of these studies ranged from 24.2 months to 112 months. Significant correlations were observed between SSN growth and eighteen features. Male sex, history of lung cancer, nodule size &gt; 10 mm, nodule consistency, and age &gt; 65 years were identified as independent risk factors for SSN growth based on multivariate analyses results. Eight features, including male sex, smoking history, nodule size &gt; 10 mm, larger nodule size, air bronchogram, higher mean CT attenuation, well-defined border, and lobulated margin were detected to be significantly correlated with pGGNs growth. Smoking history showed no significant correlation with pGGN growth based on the multivariate analysis results.ConclusionsEighteen clinical and CT features were identified to be correlated with SSN growth, among which male sex, history of lung cancer, nodule size &gt; 10 mm, nodule consistency and age &gt; 65 years were independent risk factors while history of lung cancer was not correlated with pGGN growth. These factors should be considered when making risk-based follow-up plans for SSN patients.
Feasibility of Same-Day Discharge After Appendectomy in Pediatric Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zheng Yifei , Qi Shiqin 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundTo compare the readmission rate, rate of urgent/unplanned visits to emergency, complication rate along with cost of health care among children and adolescents who were discharged the same day following a laparoscopic appendectomy and those who were not discharged on the same day.MethodsA systematic search was performed in the PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases. Randomized controlled trials and studies, observational in design, were considered for inclusion. The included studies were conducted in children and adolescents with uncomplicated appendicitis undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy and compared outcomes of interest between patients that were discharged the same day (SDD group) following the operation and patients that were discharged within 2 days post-operatively (non-SSD group). Statistical analysis was performed using STATA software. Effect sizes were reported as pooled odds ratio (OR) or weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals.ResultsA total of 13 studies with 32,021 children and adolescents were included. There was no significant difference in the risks of unplanned visit to the emergency department (OR 1.07, 95% CI: 0.78, 1.47), readmission (OR 0.83, 95% CI: 0.66, 1.05), reoperation/re-intervention (OR 1.73, 95% CI: 0.19, 16.2) and complications (OR 0.84, 95% CI: 0.67, 1.06) in both groups of patients. Patients in the SDD group had slightly lower risk of wound infection/complication (OR 0.74, 95% CI: 0.57, 0.96) compared to patients in the non-SDD group. Those with SDD had to incur comparatively lesser hospital expense (in USD) compared to those with no SDD (WMD −2587.4, 95% CI: −4628.3, −546.6).ConclusionIn children and adolescents with uncomplicated acute appendicitis undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy, same-day discharge is not associated with increased readmission risk, unplanned visits to emergency, and complications. Further, SDD is associated with lower cost of hospital care. Adoption of SDD in this subset of children and adolescents may be encouraged.Systematic Review Registration[www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero], identifier [CRD420 22320539].
An Innovative Superconducting Magnetic Trap for Probing β-decay in Plasmas
Authors: Mauro Giorgio Sebastiano , Celona Luigi , Torrisi Giuseppe , Pidatella Angelo , Naselli Eugenia , Russo Filippo , Mazzaglia Maria , Galatà Alessio , Maimone Fabio , Lang Ralf , Tinscher Klaus , Santonocito Domenico , Mascali David 
Published: July 2022

The main aim of Plasmas for Astrophysics Nuclear Decays Observation and Radiation for Archaeometry (PANDORA) project is to build a compact and flexible magnetic plasma trap where plasma reaches a densityne∼ 1011–1013 cm−3, and a temperature, in units ofkT,kTe∼ 0.1–30 keV in order to measure, for the first time, nuclearβ-decay rates in stellar-like conditions. One of the most important aspects of an ECR Ion Source (ECRIS) is its magnetic system. In this paper, the numerical design of the PANDORA magnetic system is presented and validated by using the commercial simulators OPERA and CST Studio Suite, showing an excellent agreement between each other in terms of axial and radial field profiles. In conjunction to the magnetic system design, the overall injection system, including the microwave lines for plasma heating and the isotopes injection schemes with a focus on the developments of the oven for solid elements, has been conceived and will be discussed.