bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peri‐anesthetic hypothermia in rodents: A factor to consider for accurate and reproducible outcomes in orthopedic device‐related infection studies
Authors: Constant Caroline , Moriarty Thomas F. , Arens Daniel , Pugliese Brenna , Zeiter Stephan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOrthopedic device‐related infection (ODRI) preclinical models are widely used in translational research. Most ODRI models require induction of general anesthesia, which frequently results in hypothermia in rodents. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of peri‐anesthetic hypothermia in rodents on outcomes in preclinical ODRI studies. A retrospective analysis of all rodents that underwent surgery under general anesthesia to induce an ODRI model with inoculation of Staphylococcus epidermidis between 2016 and 2020 was conducted. A one‐way multivariate analysis of covariance (one‐way MANCOVA) was used to determine the fixed effect of peri‐anesthetic hypothermia (hypothermic defined as rectal temperature <35°C) on the combined harvested tissue and implant colony‐forming unit (CFU) counts, and having controlled for the study groups including treatments received, duration of surgery and anesthesia, and study period. The results showed a significant effect of peri‐anesthetic hypothermia on the post‐mortem combined CFU counts from the harvested tissue and implant(s) (p = 0.01) when comparing normo‐ versus hypothermic rodents. Using Wilks’ Λ as a criterion to determine the contribution of independent variables to the model, peri‐anesthetic hypothermia was the most significant, though still a weak predictor, of increased harvested CFU counts. Altogether, the data corroborate the concept that bacterial colonization is affected by abnormal body temperature during general anesthesia at the time of bacterial inoculation in rodents, which needs to be taken into consideration to decrease infection data variability and improve experimental reproducibility.
Eccentric contraction‐dominant exercise leads to molecular biological changes in enthesis and enthesopathy‐like morphological changes
Authors: Ozone Kaichi , Minegishi Yuki , Takahata Kei , Takahashi Haruna , Yoneno Moe , Hattori Shinya , Xianglan Li , Oka Yuichiro , Murata Kenji , Kanemura Naohiko 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEntheses, which are tendon‐to‐bone attachment sites in the musculoskeletal system, play important roles in optimizing the mechanical stress and force transmitted from the muscle to the bone. Sports‐related enthesopathy shows pathological features, including hyperplasia of the fibrocartilage (FC) region in the enthesis. The amount of exercise and type of muscle contraction during movement is involved in the pathogenesis of sports‐related enthesopathy; however, the details of this condition are unclear. Here we examined the molecular pathways involved in the morphological changes of the muscle–tendon–enthesis complex and enthesis FC region in the supraspinatus muscle enthesis of mice under different exercise conditions. Following intervention, morphological changes in the muscle–tendon–enthesis complex were initiated in the eccentric contraction‐dominant exercise group at 2 weeks, with activation of the transforming growth factor‐β (TGFβ) superfamily pathway predicted by proteome and ingenuity pathway analyses. Histological and molecular biological analyses confirmed the activation of the TGFβ/bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)‐Smad pathway. The concentric contraction‐dominant exercise group showed no change in the morphology of the muscle–tendon–enthesis complex or activation of the TGFβ/BMP‐Smad pathway, despite overuse exercise. Statement of Clinical Significance: These results suggest that eccentric contraction‐dominant exercise induces sports‐related enthesopathy‐like morphological changes in the early stages as well as molecular biological changes, mainly in the transforming growth factor‐β superfamily pathway in enthesis.Statement of Clinical Significance: These results suggest that eccentric contraction‐dominant exercise induces sports‐related enthesopathy‐like morphological changes in the early stages as well as molecular biological changes, mainly in the transforming growth factor‐β superfamily pathway in enthesis.
Shear wave tensiometry tracks reductions in collateral ligament tension due to incremental releases
Authors: Blomquist Matthew B. , Blank Jonathon L. , Schmitz Dylan G. , Thelen Darryl G. , Roth Joshua D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSurgeons routinely perform incremental releases on overly tight ligaments during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) to reduce ligament tension and achieve their desired implant alignment. However, current methods to assess whether the surgeon achieved their desired reduction in the tension of a released ligament are subjective and/or do not provide a quantitative metric of tension in an individual ligament. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to determine whether shear wave tensiometry, a novel method to assess tension in individual ligaments based on the speed of shear wave propagation, can detect changes in ligament tension following incremental releases. In seven medial and eight lateral collateral porcine ligaments (MCL and LCL, respectively), we measured shear wave speeds and ligament tensions before and after incremental releases consisting of punctures with an 18‐gauge needle. We found that shear wave speed squared decreased linearly with decreasing tension in both the MCL (average coefficient of determination (R2avg) = 0.76) and LCL (R2avg = 0.94). We determined that errors in predicting tension following incremental releases were 26.2 and 14.2 N in the MCL and LCL, respectively, using ligament‐specific calibrations. These results suggest shear wave tensiometry is a promising method to objectively measure the tension reduction in released structures. Clinical Significance: Direct, objective measurements of the tension changes in individual ligaments following release could enhance surgical precision during soft tissue balancing in total knee arthroplasty. Thus, shear wave tensiometry could help surgeons reduce the risk of poor outcomes associated with overly tight ligaments, including residual knee pain and stiffness.
Naturally occurring osteochondrosis latens lesions identified by quantitative and morphological 10.5 T MRI in pigs
Authors: Armstrong Alexandra R. , Zbýň Štefan , Kajabi Abdul Wahed , Metzger Gregory J. , Ellermann Jutta M. , Carlson Cathy S. , Tóth Ferenc 
Published: June 2022

AbstractJuvenile osteochondritis dissecans (JOCD) is a pediatric orthopedic disorder that involves the articular–epiphyseal cartilage complex and underlying bone. Clinical disease is often characterized by the presence of radiographically apparent osteochondral flaps and fragments. The existence of early JOCD lesions (osteochondrosis latens [OCL] and osteochondrosis manifesta [OCM]) that precede the development of osteochondral flaps and fragments is also well recognized. However, identification of naturally occurring OCL lesions (confined to cartilage) using noninvasive imaging techniques has not yet been accomplished. We hypothesized that 10.5 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can identify naturally occurring OCL lesions at predilection sites in intact joints of juvenile pigs. Unilateral elbows and knees (stifles) were harvested from three pigs aged 4, 8, and 12 weeks, and scanned in a 10.5 T MRI to obtain morphological 3D DESS images, and quantitative T2 and T1ρ relaxation time maps. Areas with increased T2 and T1ρ relaxation times in the articular–epiphyseal cartilage complex were identified in 1/3 distal femora and 3/3 distal humeri and were considered suspicious for OCL or OCM lesions. Histological assessment confirmed the presence of OCL or OCM lesions at each of these sites and failed to identify additional lesions. Histological findings included necrotic vascular profiles associated with areas of chondronecrosis either confined to the epiphyseal cartilage (OCL, 4‐ and 8‐week‐old specimens) or resulting in a delay in endochondral ossification (OCM, 12‐week‐old specimen). Future studies with clinical MR systems (≤7 T) are needed to determine whether these MRI methods are suitable for the in vivo diagnosis of early JOCD lesions in humans.
Muscle activity with 0.5 T upright MRI—DESS to measure T2 in biceps and triceps
Authors: Shaikh Noor , Yung Andrew , Zhang Honglin , Street John  , Laule Cornelia , Oxland Thomas , Wilson David R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine if muscle activity of the biceps followed by isometric flexion changes T2 measured in the biceps. It is hypothesized that an increase in T2 will be observed in the biceps but not in the triceps after flexion exercise. Ten healthy volunteers were imaged with a one‐channel neck coil while seated in a 0.5 T upright open magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner using a three‐dimensional double echo steady‐state (DESS) sequence. Volunteers were imaged while relaxing their arm for 10, 20, and 30  min during an isometric biceps flexion immediately following performance of biceps curls to exhaustion, and again after relaxing for 10 and 20 min. Voxel‐wise T2 was calculated by fitting to a DESS signal equation in regions segmented at muscle centers to determine mean T2. During isometric biceps flexion immediately following biceps curls, mean T2 increased (average 33%, p < 0.05) in the biceps but not in the triceps. By 20 min after curls, mean T2 decreased (p < 0.05), and was near preactivity values. In contrast, there was no change in triceps T2 across any activity or postactivity time points. Intra‐rater repeatability was excellent (ICC: 0.90–0.97). This study demonstrated that measuring T2 in an active muscle is feasible using a DESS sequence in an upright open MRI scanner. This could enable the study of muscle function while the muscle is working and weight‐bearing, rather than of the “fatigue” of the muscles after activity. In comparison to electromyography, MRI also enables the study of deep muscles and allows simultaneous assessment of activity and function.
Circulating small extracellular vesicles from patients with periodontitis contribute to development of insulin resistance
Authors: Wang Fei , Peng Linlin , Gu Fan , Huang Pei , Cheng Bo , Chen Gang , Meng Liuyan , Bian Zhuan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundEpidemiological studies have identified the role of periodontitis in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, but the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. It is well‐known that small extracellular vesicles are lipid bilayer vesicles derived from cells with a diameter around 30 to 200 nm. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether periodontitis induced or exacerbated insulin resistance via circulating small extracellular vesicles.MethodsPlasma small extracellular vesicles from control and periodontitis rats were intravenously injected into type 2 diabetic rats. Insulin tolerance tests, glucose tolerance tests, and the activation of the insulin signaling pathway were measured to detect the effect of the plasma small extracellular vesicles on insulin sensitivity. In addition, circulating small extracellular vesicles from patients with periodontitis with or without diabetes were isolated and co‐cultured with HepG2 cells. The ability of glucose uptake was assessed using the fluorescence of 2‐NBDG via flow cytometry. The activation of insulin signaling pathway was examined via Western blotting. Real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) was used to detect the expression of enzyme related to glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.ResultsSmall extracellular vesicles derived from the plasma of periodontitis rats further impaired glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance in diabetic rats and significantly reduced the activation of the insulin signaling pathway in liver tissues, as evidenced by the decreased levels of p‐AKT and p‐GSK3β and the reduced hepatic glycogen content. For small extracellular vesicles isolated from human plasma, the concentration of small extracellular vesicles in patients with type 2 diabetes combined with periodontitis was higher than that of the healthy control and periodontitis alone. Moreover, circulating small extracellular vesicles from patients with periodontitis significantly inhibited the glucose uptake capacity and inhibited insulin signaling of HepG2 cells.ConclusionPeriodontitis acted as a contributing factor to exacerbate insulin resistance of type 2 diabetic rats. Plasma small extracellular vesicles played a critical role in periodontitis aggravating insulin resistance.
On‐package indicator films based on natural pigments and polysaccharides for monitoring food quality: a review
Authors: Kanha Nattapong , Osiriphun Sukhuntha , Rakariyatham Kanyasiri , Klangpetch Wannaporn , Laokuldilok Thunnop 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDeterioration of food quality and freshness is mainly due to microbial growth and enzyme activity. Chilled fresh food, especially meat and seafood, as well as pasteurized products, rapidly lose quality and freshness during packing, distribution and storage. Real‐time food quality monitoring using on‐package indicator films can help consumers make informed purchasing decisions. Interest in the use of intelligent packaging systems for monitoring safety and food quality has increased in recent years. Polysaccharide‐based films can be developed into on‐package indicator films due to their excellent film‐forming properties and biodegradability. Another important component is the use of colorants with visible color changes at various pH levels. Currently, natural pigments are receiving increased attention because of their safety and environmental friendliness. This review highlights the recent findings regarding the role of natural pigments, the effects of incorporating natural pigments and polysaccharides on properties of indicator film, current application and limitations of on‐package indicator films based on polysaccharides in some foods, problems and improvement of physical properties and color conversion of indicator film containing natural pigments, and development of polysaccharide‐based pH‐responsive films. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Current trends and perspectives on bioaccessibility and bioavailability of food bioactive peptides:in vitroandex vivostudies
Authors: Álvarez‐Olguín Miguel A , Beltrán‐Barrientos Lilia M , Hernandez‐Mendoza Adrian , González‐Córdova Aarón F , Vallejo‐Cordoba Belinda 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe bioaccessibility and bioavailability of food‐derived bioactive compounds are important issues when assessing theirin vivophysiological health‐promoting effects. Food components such as proteins and peptides are exposed to different proteases and peptidases during gastrointestinal digestion and absorption. Differentin vitroapproaches have therefore been developed to evaluate the bioaccessibility and stability of bioactive peptides. The static simulated gastrointestinal digestion model (SGD) was widely reported to assess the bioaccessibility of bioactive peptides. On the other hand, although the dynamic SGD model may better simulate human digestion, it has rarely been explored in bioaccessibility studies of food bioactive peptides due to its high cost and lack of standardization. For bioavailability studies, the Caco‐2 cell monolayer model has been used extensively for the assessment of food bioactive peptides. In fact, very few reports using alternative methods for determining transepithelial transport of bioactive peptides have been employed. In this sense,ex vivotissue‐based models such as the Ussing chamber and the everted sac gut have been used. Current evidence supports the fact that using SGD with cell‐based models for evaluating the bioaccessibility, absorption, and bioavailability of food‐derived bioactive peptides, is the most commonly used approach. Nevertheless, SGD withex vivotissue‐based models such as the everted sac, remains to be further explored because it seems to be the model that better mimics the physiological process – it is also fast and inexpensive, and several compounds may be tested simultaneously. In the present review, we discuss information available on the differentin vitroapproaches for the determination of bioaccessibility and bioavailability of food‐derived bioactive peptides with special emphasis onex vivotissue‐based models such as the everted sac and the Ussing chamber models. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Influence of the temperature and the origin of CO2 (anaerobiosis methodology) on the intracellular fermentation of wines made by carbonic maceration
Authors: Santamaría Pilar , González‐Arenzana Lucía , Escribano‐Viana Rocío , Garijo Patrocinio , Sanz Susana , Gutiérrez Ana Rosa 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe present study aimed to determine the optimal conditions for making wines by the carbonic maceration (CM) method. In this test, we attempted to identify the causes of the higher volatile acidity of some wines vinified by this method. Accordingly, we measured the development and speed of intracellular fermentation inside the whole grapes under different vinification conditions.RESULTSAn active fermentation of the must in the tanks produced by inoculation with active dry yeasts was more efficient for the process than the addition of exogenous carbon dioxide (CO2). In addition, in CM vinification, the moment of devatting had a great influence on the content of acetaldehyde and acetic acid in the whole grapes.CONCLUSIONYeast inoculation in the tanks and control of the devatting time are technological tools that could play an important role in the characteristics of the wines produced by carbonic maceration, especially with respect to acetic acid content. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Study on antibody adsorption and elution performance of carboxyl and hydrophobic groups on mixed‐mode ligands
Authors: Li Mengting , Lin Dongqiang , Yao Shanjing , Zhang Qilei 
Published: June 2022

Molecular interactions between ligands and target biomolecules are crucial in the development of chromatographic techniques for the separation and purification of biotherapeutics. In this study, the role of functional moieties on a mixed‐mode ligand (phenylalanine‐tyrosine‐glutamate‐5‐aminobenzimidazole) for human immunoglobulin G purification was investigated and a detailed mechanism was discussed. A similar ligand with glutamic acid substituted by glutamine (phenylalanine‐tyrosine‐glutamine‐5‐aminobenzimidazole) together with other resins including a commercial resin (CM Bestarose Fast Flow), phenylalanine‐tyrosine‐glutamate, glutamate‐5‐aminobenzimidazole, and 5‐aminobenzimidazole resins were prepared for comparison. Molecular dynamics simulation and experimental studies were used to analyze the difference between these ligands. The results showed that the carboxyl group of phenylalanine‐tyrosine‐glutamate‐5‐aminobenzimidazole contributed 70% of the electrostatic interaction during human immunoglobulin G binding, and 5‐aminobenzimidazole provided electrostatic repulsion for desorption, which showed low selectivity and binding capacities at pH 4.0 (dynamic binding capacities at 10% breakthrough of human immunoglobulin G = 1.0 mg/ml resin, dynamic binding capacities at 10% breakthrough of human serum albumin = 1.2 mg/ml resin) when used as an individual resin ligand. The results showed in this study demonstrated that it is possible to achieve optimal antibody separation and purification through reasonable ligand design by understanding the performance of key functional moieties in binding and elution processes.
High Failure Rates in Young Nonsmoker Nondrinkers With Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Tongue
Authors: Jones Brianna M. , Villavisanis Dillan F. , Lehrer Eric J. , Dickstein Daniel R. , Sindhu Kunal K. , Misiukiewicz Krzysztof J. , Posner Marshall , Liu Jerry T. , Gupta Vishal , Sharma Sonam , Roof Scott A. , Teng Marita , Genden Eric M. , Bakst Richard L. 
Published: June 2022

Objective(s)There has been a disproportionate increase in the incidence of young patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue (SCCOT). The purpose of this study was to compare young patients to older patients with SCCOT without prior drinking or smoking history as this population is poorly characterized in the literature.MethodsA retrospective review of patients presenting to our institution with SCCOT was performed. The clinical and pathologic characteristics, as well as, outcomes were compared between younger patients (age ≤45) and older patients (age >45). Outcome analysis was performed using Kaplan Meier method. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were performed for age and stage.ResultsEighty‐two patients (38 young, 44 old) were included in this study. Median follow‐up was 29.4 months. When compared to the older cohort (age >45), the younger cohort (age ≤45) demonstrated lower rates of 5‐year locoregional control (LC) (79.6% vs. 52.5%, p = 0.043) and distant metastasis‐free survival (88.1% vs. 61.8%, p = 0.006). Both cohorts demonstrated similar overall survival rates (55.5% vs. 58.1%) and disease‐specific survival (66.2% vs. 58.1%). Of patients experiencing locoregional failure with available radiation therapy plans and PET scans in younger cohorts (n = 7), 100% demonstrated in‐field failures. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards demonstrated age was an independent predictor of DMFS (p = 0.004) and the advanced stage was a predictor of DSS (p = 0.03).ConclusionsYoung, nondrinker, nonsmokers with SCCOT demonstrate high rates of locoregional recurrence, distant metastasis, and in‐field failures. Future studies are warranted to determine underlying mechanisms driving pathogenesis in this unique cohort.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 133:1110–1121, 2023
Rare variants in PKHD1 associated with Caroli syndrome: Two case reports
Authors: Giacobbe Carola , Di Dato Fabiola , Palma Daniela , Amitrano Michele , Iorio Raffaele , Fortunato Giuliana 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundCaroli disease (CD, OMIM #600643) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by polycystic segmental dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ducts and extreme variability in age of onset and clinical manifestations. When congenital hepatic fibrosis is associated with the polycystic dilatation of the biliary tract, the condition is referred as Caroli syndrome. The disease is thought to be caused by pathogenic variants in the PKHD1 gene (OMIM *606702).MethodWe report the clinical, biochemical, and molecular characterization of three patients with a clinical suspicion of CS belonging to two different families. The genetic screening was performed using a target custom panel and sequencing was performed on Illumina platform.ResultsGenetic analysis revealed the presence of rare variants in the PKHD1 gene of the analyzed patients. In the first case, and his younger sister, two pathogenic variants (c.2702A>C and c.4870C>T) were found to be associated with a hepatic phenotype at clinical onset, followed by renal disease probably age‐related; while in the second case, one pathogenic variant (c.5879C>G) and a complex allele with uncertain clinical significance [c.3407A>G; c.8345G>C; c.8606C>A] were found to be associated with a severe hepatic phenotype.ConclusionThe identification of the genetic causes of the disease and their relationship with the clinical phenotype could have a favorable impact on clinical management and complication prevention.