bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of telemedicine for rheumatology practice in Queensland, Australia: experiences before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Jhaveri Divita , Emeto Theophilus I. , Alele Faith O. , Strom Aleisha , Benham Helen 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn Australia there is a shortage of rheumatologists potentially translating to poorer outcomes. A possible solution in this setting is telemedicine (TM).AimsTo examine the utilisation and provider perceptions of TM in rheumatology in Queensland and explore the challenges faced when using TM before and during COVID‐19.MethodsA sequential mixed‐methods study design was used. Rheumatologists completed a questionnaire on demographics, clinical practice, TM uptake, models of care and clinician perceptions of TM. The qualitative phase utilised purposeful sampling of active users of TM through in‐depth semi‐structured interviews.ResultsThirty rheumatologists participated, with 76.7% identifying as active TM users. Use of TM was limited prior to COVID‐19 with 80.9% examining less than five patients per week. Patient populations served by TM included capital city (53.3%), regional (63.3%) and rural/remote (23.3%). Most rheumatologists prescribed conventional or biological disease modifying agents (90% and 55%) through TM consultations. Barriers to TM use included low confidence in joint assessments, limited distribution of technology, access to administrative and peripheral clinical staff and lack of financial incentives. During the COVID‐19 pandemic, a significant expansion of TM via telephone calls occurred and rheumatologists reported low confidence and satisfaction with this model.ConclusionsFamiliarity with TM exists in this rheumatologist cohort; however, its use in routine practice is limited due to multiple barriers. The COVID‐19 pandemic highlighted low confidence in telephone calls as a form of TM underlining the need for appropriate TM models of care for rheumatology practice.
Psychological first aid training in disaster preparedness for nurses working with emergencies and traumas
Authors: Said Nizar B. , Molassiotis Alex , Chiang Vico C.L. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimThis study aimed at evaluating the effects of a modified psychological first aid (PFA) training program on nurses’ psychological preparedness for emergencies and disasters.BackgroundNurses need to be psychologically prepared in order to mitigate the impact of conflicts and disasters. The PFA training could ensure their psychological preparedness in responding to different emergencies and disasters.DesignA nonequivalent controlled group trial was conducted between July 2019 and August 2019.MethodsNurses working in the trauma units from five hospitals in Palestine were allocated into two arms: a control arm and an intervention arm incorporating a 9‐hour modified PFA training program. Both groups were assessed at start (pretest) and upon completion of the program (post test) using a number of validated self‐reports.ResultsEighty‐four nurses were allocated to each arm, and 75 in each arm completed baseline data (n = 150). The results of generalized estimating equation estimates revealed that PFA training imposed a significant group‐by‐time effect on psychological preparedness (p = 0.013). The mean scores of psychological preparedness showed greater improvement in the intervention group than in the control group at posttest (37.81 vs. 32.64). Improved group‐by‐time effect was further identified in relation to optimism (p = 0.009), self‐esteem (p = 0.008), and self‐efficacy (p = 0.033). The intervention effect was large (Cohen d = 1.41).ConclusionPFA training may help to build nurses’ capacity in being better prepared to respond to psychological issues during and after emergencies and disasters.Implications for Nursing and Health PolicyNurses should be adequately equipped with knowledge and skills to deal with different emergencies and disasters. Health policy needs to address psychological preparedness for emergencies and disasters of all healthcare workers. Healthcare policymakers and educators could adopt PFA training on a regular basis to consolidate psychological preparedness of nurses.
The effects of electrical stimulation on diabetic ulcers of foot and lower limb: A systematic review
Authors: Melotto Gianluca , Tunprasert Thanaporn , Forss Jacqueline Rachel 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDiabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a life‐threatening condition affecting a third of diabetic patients. Many adjuvant therapies aimed at improving the healing rate (HR) and accelerating healing time are currently under investigation. Electrical stimulation (ES) is a physical‐based therapy able to increase cells activity and migration into wound bed as well as inhibiting bacterial activity. The aim of this paper was to collect and analyse findings on the effects of ES used in combination with standard wound care (SWC) in the treatment of diabetic foot ulceration compared with SWC alone. A systematic review was performed to synthesise data from quantitative studies from eight databases. Article quality was assessed using the Crowe critical appraisal tool. Seven articles out of 560 publications met the inclusion criteria. A meta‐analysis was not performed due to the heterogeneity of the studies and the results were narratively synthetised. Findings showed that HR appears to be higher among diabetic ulcers treated with ES; however, the reliability of these findings is affected by the small sample sizes of the studies. Furthermore, four studies are considered as moderate or high risk of bias. The evidence to suggest the systematic usage of ES in the treatment of DFUs is still insufficient.
The contribution of intestinal Streptococcus to the pathogenesis of diabetic foot ulcers: An analysis based on 16S rRNA sequencing
Authors: Wang Yunyang , Zhang Hong , Ma Guixin , Tian Zibin , Wang Bin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this study, we intend to determine the microbial communities that are differentially expressed in diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) from the view of species abundance difference and compositions. The EMBL‐EBI database and QIIME2 platform were used to obtain and process 16S rRNA sequencing data of normal healthy and DFU samples. The LEfSe software was utilised to retrieve key intestinal bacteria differentially expressed in DFUs. Additionally, PICRUSt2, FAPROTAX and BugBase functional analyses were performed to analyse the potential microbial functions and related metabolic pathways. The correlations between intestinal microbiota and clinical indexes were evaluated using the Spearman correlation analysis. Significant differences existed in intestinal microbiota between DFU and normal healthy samples regarding species abundance difference and compositions at Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus and Species levels. Seven microbiota were demonstrated differentially expressed in DFUs that contained Bacteroidaceae, Prevotellaceae, Streptococcaceae, Lactobacillales, Bacilli, Veillonellaceae and Selenomonadales. Insulin signalling pathway may be the key pathway related to the functional significance of Streptococcus and Bacillus in the DFUs. The intestinal microbiota in DFUs exhibited susceptibility to sulphur cycling while displaying pathogenic potential. Last but not least, a close relationship between Streptococcus and the occurrence of DFUs was revealed. Taken together, this study mainly demonstrated the high abundance of Streptococcus in DFUs and its correlation with the disease occurrence.
The effect of vine variety and vintage on wine yeast community structure of grapes and ferments
Authors: Belessi Charalambia-Eirini , Chalvantzi Ioanna , Marmaras Ioannis , Nisiotou Aspasia 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Aims
The yeast community structure associated with grapes is an essential part of the wine-growing chain with a significant effect on wine quality. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the varietal factor on the yeast community assembly on grapes and during must fermentation.

Methods and Results
We analysed the wine yeast populations associated with four different grape varieties from the Greek national collection vineyard of Lykovryssi. The vintage effect was also considered by sampling the grapes for two consecutive years. Fourteen yeast species were recovered and genotyped to distinct subpopulations. A relatively stable yeast community structure was detected across vintages, with Hanseniaspora guilliermondii being the core species of the vineyard under study. The detected species subpopulations shared a relatively high genetic similarity with several genotypes persisting across vintages.

Conclusions
It was shown that different grape cultivars were associated with distinct yeast communities, pointing to their possible implication on wine chemical diversity.

Significance and Impact of the Study
Present findings show that the varietal factor is an important sharpener of the vineyard-associated wine yeast community, which may interfere with the organoleptic profile of the resulting wines.
Limited dilute lidocaine anesthesia: A useful technique with many practical applications
Authors: Green Jeremy B. , Layt Craig 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundLimited dilute lidocaine infiltration facilitates a comfortable procedure and a rapid recovery process following a novel intervention for reduction of cellulite. Infiltration of dilute lidocaine has many other practical applications in dermatologic surgery.ObjectivesThis article describes a safe, effective technique for local infiltration of limited volume dilute lidocaine anesthesia in a cellulite reduction procedure.MethodsThe limited dilute lidocaine technique was utilized in studies of a novel device designed to reduce the appearance of cellulite by focal release of fibrous septa in a minimally invasive procedure. No sedation was used. A small (27‐ to 30‐gauge) needle was used to deliver anesthesia to the entry sites. Then, a 20‐gauge spinal needle was tunneled under the skin in the superficial plane to manually deliver anesthetic along the advancement pathway of the device and marked cellulite targets.ResultsDuring the initial studies, the mean delivered anesthesia volume was 357.2 ml (range, 250–525 ml) or 18.7 mg/kg (range, 11.1–28.4 mg/kg). The mean anesthesia time was 16 min (range, 8–32 min). The mean number of cellulite depressions treated was 19.8 (range, 11–34). Adverse events were closely monitored, and there were no signs of toxicity in any study patients. There were very low levels of discomfort; all patients reported the procedure was tolerable. This technique facilitates a time‐efficient procedure and minimizes weeping of excess fluid during recovery.ConclusionsWhen administered with care and skill, the limited dilute anesthesia technique is a safe, effective approach for local anesthesia with many practical applications in dermatologic surgery.
Mental Health Correlates of Sharing Private Problems in Congregations during the COVID‐19 Pandemic
Authors: Jacobi Christopher Justin , Vaidyanathan Brandon , Andronicou Maria 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGiven the adverse mental health consequences of the COVID‐19 pandemic, it is important to examine whether faith communities continue to provide social and emotional support to members during the pandemic. This study focuses on a particular mechanism through which congregations may help members’ mental health––talking to fellow congregants about private problems. Data for this study come from online surveys conducted between October and December 2020 in 12 congregations (Christian, Jewish, and Hindu) in Washington, DC, Maryland, Virginia, and Texas (N= 1609). Using two measures of mental health (overall assessment of mental health and an indicator of COVID‐19‐related mental health worsening), we find that greater levels of problem sharing are associated with better overall mental health and with lower chances of COVID‐19‐related mental health worsening. The beneficial effect of sharing problems is especially pronounced when the frequency is very high and remains statistically significant net of passive social support and other controls. However, we find that levels of problem sharing in congregations are relatively low on average. Our study thus highlights that the practice of problem sharing should be counted as a mental health resource in congregations and raises the need to better understand its underutilization.
Biomechanical variations in children who are overweight and obese during high‐impact activities: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Spech Claire , Paponetti Matthew , Mansfield Cody , Schmitt Laura , Briggs Matthew 
Published: February 2022

SummaryYouth who are obese or overweight demonstrate evidence of poor lower extremity joint health and alterations in gait characteristics compared with youth who are healthy weight. However, there is no consensus if altered movement patterns are still present during high‐impact activities. The purpose of this review was to determine if spatiotemporal and kinematic and kinetic variables during high‐impact activities were significantly different between youth who are overweight and obese compared with youth who are healthy weight. An electronic search of five databases was conducted, and a meta‐analysis and qualitative evidence synthesis was performed to determine the level of evidence, analyzing three tasks: running, jumping, and hopping. The findings of this review include the following: (1) overweight/obese (OW/OB) had higher stance phase time during running, (2) OW/OB had decreased hip flexion angles during running and stationary running, (3) OW/OB had decreased knee flexion angles during landing phase of jumping and hopping, and (4) OW/OB had increased hip abduction moments during running and jumping. These altered kinematic and kinetic variables at the hip and knee may result in mechanical inefficiency with high‐impact activities, as well as potentially increased risk of joint degradation and poor joint health into adulthood.
The impact of crude oil price on food prices in Iraq
Authors: Mohammed Rezgar 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAlthough substantial academic literature has attributed the increase in food prices to the role of crude oil price change, this unique connection has not experienced enough attention in net food‐importing and oil‐exporting developing countries. This research investigates the impact of oil price fluctuations on food prices in Iraq between 2001 and 2020 using time‐series econometric methods. Nevertheless, the oil price is a variable of interest, inflation is also added in the estimated models as a relevant extra determinant of food prices. The Johansen test and the autoregressive distributed lag bound test are used to evaluate the existence of cointegration between crude oil price and food prices. Results from the empirical analysis provided evidence indicating that a long‐run relationship between crude oil price and food prices exists in Iraq. Moreover, the outcomes from the forecast error variance decompositions suggested the existence of a monodirectional dynamic linkage between crude oil price and food prices. The empirical results from impulse response functions indicated a positive response for food prices due to one standard deviation shock in oil price. The study recommends short‐term and long‐term agricultural policies for Iraq to separate its dependency from international food markets that are affected by oil price shocks.
The plasma membrane aquaporin ZmPIP2;5 enhances the sensitivity of stomatal closure to water deficit
Authors: Ding Lei , Milhiet Thomas , Parent Boris , Meziane Adel , Tardieu François , Chaumont François 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIncreasing stomatal movement is beneficial to improve plant water use efficiency and drought resilience. Contradictory results indicate that aquaporins might regulate stomatal movement. Here, we tested whether the maize plasma membrane PIP2;5 aquaporin affects stomatal closure under water deficit, abscisic acid (ABA) or vapour pressure deficit (VPD) treatment in intact plants, detached leaves or peeled epidermis. Transpiration, stomatal conductance (gs) and aperture and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in stomatal complexes were studied in maize lines with increased or knocked down (KD) PIP2;5 gene expression. In well‐watered conditions, the PIP2;5 overexpressing (OE) plants transpired more than wild types (WTs), while no significant difference in transpiration was observed between pip2;5 KD and WT. Upon mild water deficit or low ABA concentration treatments, transpiration and gs decreased more in PIP2;5 OE lines and less in pip2;5 KD lines, in comparison with WTs. In the detached epidermis, ABA treatment induced faster stomatal closing in PIP2;5 OE lines compared to WTs, while pip2;5 KD stomata were ABA insensitive. These phenotypes were associated with guard cell ROS accumulation. Additionally, PIP2;5 is involved in the transpiration decrease observed under high VPD. These data indicate that maize PIP2;5 is a key actor increasing the sensitivity of stomatal closure to water deficit.
Crosstalk of tumor stromal cells orchestrates invasion and spreading of gastric cancer
Authors: Tanaka Masamitsu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTumors contain various stromal cells that support cancer progression. Some types of cancer, such as scirrhous gastric cancer, are characterized by large areas of fibrosis accompanied by cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Asporin (ASPN) is a small leucine‐rich proteoglycan highly expressed in CAFs of various tumors. ASPN accelerates CAF migration and invasion, resulting in CAF‐led cancer cell invasion. In addition, ASPN further upregulated the expression of genes specific to a characteristic subgroup of fibroblasts in tumors. These cells were preferentially located at the tumor periphery and could be generated by a unique mechanism involving the CAF‐mediated education of normal fibroblasts (CEFs). In this review, we at first describe recent findings regarding the function of ASPN in the tumor microenvironment, as well as the mechanism involved in the generation of CEFs. CAFs are derived from heterogeneous origins besides resident normal fibroblasts. Among them, CAFs derived from mesothelial cells (mesothelial cell‐derived CAF [MC‐CAFs]) play pivotal roles in peritoneal carcinomatosis. We observed that MC‐CAFs on the surfaces of organs also participate in tumor formation by infiltrating into the parenchyma, promoting local invasion by gastric cancers. This review also highlights the potential functions of macrophages in the formation of MC‐CAFs in gastric cancers, by transfer the contents of cancer cell‐derived extracellular vesicles.
Comparative root anatomy and root bud development after injury in two perennial herbs
Authors: Filartiga A. L. , Bitomský M. , Martínková J. , Klimešová J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

A bud bank is a pool of dormant meristems that enable plants to resprout after injury. While the bud bank on stem organs is established prior to injury as the stem grows, the bud bank on roots is considered at least partly formed as a response to disturbance events. To date, only woody species have been examined, and the establishment of reparative buds after injury without connection to the root vascular system has been confirmed; for herbs, no data are available. We tested whether root buds are formed spontaneously or induced after plant damage by studying root anatomy following plant injury in two congeneric perennial herbs.

In a pot experiment with young plants of Inula britannica (root sprouter) and I. salicina (non‐root sprouter), whole aboveground biomass was removed. Roots were sampled five times at 1‐week intervals after disturbance events to evaluate bud occurrence and size, root and vessel diameters, sclerenchyma areas and carbohydrate storage.

Compared to non‐root‐sprouting I. salicina, root‐sprouting I. britannica presented more secondary thickening that was connected to adventitious bud formation and improved the root storage and transport capacity necessary for resprouting. Plant injury, in contrast to expectations, did not cause increased bud formation in I. britannica, and all buds were connected to the root vascular system. No root buds were observed in I. salicina.

Our study implies that plants using bud banks on roots might depend on preformed buds. Comparative studies examining more species are needed to assess the generality of our findings.
Stay at home to stay safe: Effectiveness of stay‐at‐home orders in containing the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Wang Guihua 
Published: February 2022

Since the outbreak of the COVID‐19 pandemic, the effectiveness of stay‐at‐home orders implemented in many states in the United States has been the subject of ongoing debate. Whereas proponents believe these orders help reduce person‐to‐person contact and therefore the spread of the pandemic, opponents argue these orders are unnecessary and ineffective. In this study, we use eight states that did not implement the orders as a control group and six neighboring states that did implement them as a treatment group to estimate the effectiveness of stay‐at‐home orders. We find that although residents in both groups were staying at home even before the implementation of any order, these orders reduced the number of new COVID‐19 cases by 7.6%. To understand the mechanisms behind these results, we compare the mobility of residents in the control and treatment groups over time. We find stay‐at‐home orders significantly reduced residents' mobility at grocery stores and pharmacies, transit stations, workplaces, and retail and recreation locations. The results of this study are useful to policymakers in conducting cost–benefit analyses of back‐to‐work plans versus stay‐at‐home policies and deciding whether to implement, extend, lift, or reimplement stay‐at‐home orders amid a pandemic such as COVID‐19. Our results are also useful to researchers because we highlight the importance of correcting for potential selection issues. As we illustrate in this study, ignoring potential selection issues would lead to the wrong conclusion that stay‐at‐home orders increase the number of new COVID‐19 cases.
Deep sequencing of suppression subtractive library identifies differentially expressed transcripts of Saccharum spontaneum exposed to salinity stress
Authors: Kasirajan Lakshmi , Valiyaparambth Rabisha , Kamaraj Keerthana , Sebastiar Sheelamary , Hoang Nam V. , Athiappan Selvi , Srinivasavedantham Vasantha , Subramanian Karthigeyan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSaccharum spontaneum, a wild relative of sugarcane, is highly tolerant to drought and salinity. The exploitation of germplasm resources for salinity tolerance is a major thrust area in India. In this study, we utilized suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) followed by sequencing for the identification of upregulated transcripts during salinity stress in S. spontaneum clones coming from different geographical regions of India. Our sequencing of the SSH library revealed that 95% of the transformants contained inserts of size 200–1500 bp. We have identified 314 differentially expressed transcripts in the salinity‐treated samples after subtraction, which were subsequently validated by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Functional annotation and pathway analysis revealed that the upregulated transcripts were a result of protein modifications, stress, and hormone signaling along with cell wall development and lignification. The prominently upregulated transcripts included UDP glucose dehydrogenase, cellulose synthase, ribulose, cellulose synthase COBRA, leucine‐rich protein, NAC domain protein, pectin esterase, ABA‐responsive element binding factor 1, and heat stress protein. Our results is a step forward the understanding of the molecular response of S. spontaneum under salinity stress, which will lead to the identification of genes and transcription factors as novel targets for salinity tolerance in sugarcane.