bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound-guided continuous iliofascial block with ropivacaine is superior to intravenous infusion of sufentanil for the treatment of delirium in elderly patients after hip arthroplasty: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhang Yang , Wu Ruo-Jie , Zhou Min-Xin , Dai Wen-Tao , Zhuang Qin , Zhang Da-Qi , Sun Yong-Xing , Tao Jing , Xu Wei , Zhang Cong-Li , Xi Biao , Li Xiao-Hong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Hip arthroplasty is often accompanied by severe postoperative pain in elderly patients and increases the incidence of delirium. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of sufentanil intravenously with iliofascial blocks using ropivacaine on postoperative analgesia and cognitive function.
Methods
Clinical data were retrospectively collected from 682 elderly patients who underwent hip arthroplasty and were divided between intravenous pumped sufentanil or continuous iliofascial block using ropivacaine. All patients were treated with general anesthesia, and the main indicators were the incidence of delirium, pain scores and postoperative complications within 5 days postoperatively.
Results
The incidence of postoperative delirium and the duration of delirium were lower in group B than in group A (P < 0.05). Comparison of the postoperative MMSE scores showed that the MMSE scores in group A were lower than those in group B (P < 0.05). In a comparison of the overall data of patients with and without postoperative delirium, the NRS scores of patients with postoperative delirium were higher than those without postoperative delirium on the first, third, and fifth postoperative days at rest (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
In elderly patients, after total hip arthroplasty, ultrasound-guided continuous iliofascial block was more effective than intravenous sufentanil in relieving postoperative pain and helped to reduce the incidence of postoperative delirium, as well as reducing some of the adverse prognoses.
Mental Illness Stigma and Microaggressions: An Experimental Study of Familiarity and Relationship Quality
Authors: Gibson Arianna Makenna , Lindsay Brittany Lee , Szeto Andrew 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Familiarity (i.e., relationship closeness) and relationship quality (i.e., the degree of negativity/positivity) have been suggested as critical components affecting stigmatizing attitudes towards those with mental illnesses. The current study experimentally tested components of, and expanded upon, a recent theoretical framework by Corrigan and Nieweglowski (2019), which proposes a convex (u-shaped) curvilinear relationship between familiarity and stigma (i.e., people hold the most stigma towards others at the lowest andhighest levels of familiarity) rather than a linear one (i.e., stigma simply decreases as familiarity increases). By examining how both familiarity and relationship quality affect public stigma broadly, as well as microaggressions specifically, this research adds to the growing body of literature on mental illness stigma.
Methods: Undergraduate students (N = 242) were randomly assigned to read one of six vignettes via a 2(quality: positive vs. negative) x 3(familiarity: co-worker, cousin, romantic partner) between-subjects factorial design. Following, participants completed measures assessing stigmatizing attitudes and microaggression endorsement towards the vignette character.
Results: There was a significant main effect of relationship quality on stigmatizing attitudes only; on average, those in the three negative conditions had significantly higher stigmatizing attitudes than those in the positive conditions. Conversely, familiarity only had a significant main effect on microaggressions, wherein higher familiarity groups demonstrated higher microaggression endorsement. No significant interactions were found for either variable.
Conclusion: These results suggest that stigmatizing attitudes and microaggressions may be functionally different, and further research is required to clarify current theoretical frameworks in understanding how relational contexts impact these negative attitudes.
A viral co-infection model with general infection rate in deterministic and stochastic environments
Authors: Shi Zhenfeng , Jiang Daqing 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we present a model of infection in which a virus can simultaneously infect two types of target cells. The model has a general form of infection rates in deterministic and stochastic settings, incorporating bilinear infection rates, saturated incidences and half-saturated incidences. In the deterministic case, we investigate the existence and local asymptotic stability of disease-free and positive equilibrium points, respectively. Considering that the infection rate coefficient is affected by random noise, we built the corresponding stochastic model using the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. In the stochastic case, by constructing suitable Lyapunov functions, we established sufficient conditions for the ergodic stationary distribution and extinction of the model, respectively. In addition, the covariance matrix in the probability density function of the model near the positive equilibrium point is determined.
Significant association of candidate genes (AGTR1 and TGF-β1) polymorphism with diabetic nephropathy in diabetes mellitus type 2 patients
Authors: Ihsan Madeeha , Khan Najeeb Ullah , Ismail Muhammad , Hussain Mehfooz , Munir Iqbal 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) is one of the microvascular complications of Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Genome wide association studies have helped identify gene variants such as rs1800470 (TGF-β1) and rs5186 (AGTR1), which facilitate diabetic nephropathy. However, there is no such reports from Pakistan, particularly the Pashtun population.
Methods
A case-control study was conducted on 165 diabetic patients (59 with Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) and 54 without DN (DM)), and 52 healthy subjects (HC). The genotyping was done using amplification refractory mutation system method (ARMS-PCR).
Results
The results indicated that all the subjects have similar distribution of age, gender and duration of diabetes, while the FBS, RBS, HbA1C, creatinine, Urea, SBP, DBP, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL and BMI were found higher in the diabetic patients with nephropathy as compared to those without nephropathy and healthy controls. The risk allele of AGTR1, C (p < 0.0001), and risk allele containing genotypes AC (p < 0.0001) and CC (p- 0.0010) were significantly higher in DN patients compared to DM and HC groups. Similarly, the TGF-β1 risk allele C (p- 0.0001), and corresponding genotypes TC (p- 0.0038) and CC (p- 0.0027) were significantly associated with increased risk of diabetic nephropathy compared to DM and HC groups.
Conclusion
The data showed significant association of AGTR1 (rs5186) and TGF-β1 (rs1800470) polymorphism with an increased risk of diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. More investigation will be required to disseminate the results, while increasing the samples size and using whole genome sequencing.
Study on Amino-functionalized Porous Carbon Materials for MB and Cr(VI) Adsorption 1
Authors: Song Jie , Chen Lijun , Niu Yuhua , Wei Zhiqiang , Sun Yonghui 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this study, amino-functionalized porous hydrogel material P-(EA-β-CD/KHA/AC) was synthesized by introducing ethylamino cyclodextrin, humic acid, and activated carbon, using polyacrylic acid as the carrier. The gel materials before and after adsorption were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The removal of organic matter (methylene blue) and heavy metal ions (hexavalent chromium) showed high adsorption capacity. At 298 K and pH 8, the adsorption capacities of P-(EA-β-CD/KHA/AC) hydrogel for MB and Cr(VI) were as high as 262.31 and 170.12 mg/g, respectively, and the removal rates were 98.96% and 70.27%, respectively. The adsorption behavior follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation, conforming to the Langmuir model; and through intermolecular forces, π–π conjugation, chelation, and other interactions, entropy-increasing, endothermic, and spontaneous process is formed. The regeneration and degradability experiments of P-(EA-β-CD/KHA/AC) hydrogel were conducted and its recycling performance was verified.
Effects of treatment with corticosteroids on human rhinovirus-induced asthma exacerbations in pediatric inpatients: a prospective observational study
Authors: Kan-o Keiko , Washio Yasuyoshi , Oki Takeshi , Fujimoto Tsuguto , Ninomiya Takahito , Yoshida Makoto , Fujita Masaki , Nakanishi Yoichi , Matsumoto Koichiro 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Viral infection of the respiratory tract, predominantly by human rhinoviruses (HRVs), is a common cause of exacerbations in pediatric patients with asthma. However, the effects of corticosteroids on HRV-induced exacerbations in pediatric asthma are unknown. We conducted a prospective observational study to determine the viral pathogens in school-age pediatric inpatients with asthma exacerbations. We assessed the effects of maintenance inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) on the detection rates of HRV species and treatment periods of systemic corticosteroids during exacerbations on pulmonary lung function 3 months after HRV-induced exacerbations.
Methods
Nasopharyngeal samples and clinical information were collected from 59 patients with asthma exacerbations between April 2018 and March 2020. Pulmonary function tests were carried out 3 months after exacerbations in 18 HRV-positive patients. Changes in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)% predicted from baseline in a stable state were compared according to the treatment periods of systemic corticosteroids.
Results
Fifty-four samples collected from hospitalised patients were analysed, and viral pathogens were identified in 45 patients (83.3%) using multiplex PCR assay. HRV-A, -B, and -C were detected in 16 (29.6%), one (1.9%), and 16 (29.6%) patients, respectively. There was no significant difference in the detection rates of viral pathogens in total between patients treated or not treated with maintenance ICS. The detection rates of HRV-C were lower in the ICS-treated group compared with those in the ICS-untreated group (p = 0.01), whereas ICS treatment did not affect the detection rate for HRV-A. Changes in FEV1% predicted in patients treated with systemic corticosteroids for 6–8 days (n = 10; median, 4.90%) were higher than those in patients treated within 5 days (n = 8; median, − 10.25%) (p = 0.0085).
Conclusions
Maintenance ICS reduced the detection rates of HRV (mainly HRV-C) in school-age inpatients with asthma exacerbations, and the treatment periods of systemic corticosteroids during exacerbations affected lung function after HRV-induced exacerbations. The protective effects of corticosteroids on virus-induced asthma exacerbations may be dependent upon the types of viral pathogen.
Treatment outcomes of maintenance therapy with cetuximab in metastatic colon cancer in a real-world setting: A single center retrospective analysis
Authors: Kang Sora , Lee Myung-Won , Song Ik-Chan , Lee Hyo-Jin , Yun Hwan-Jung , Jo Deog-Yeon , Kim Jung Sun , Kwon Jung Hye , Kim Ji-Yeon , Lee Kyung-Ha , Ryu Hyewon 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Fluoropyrimidine (FP) and oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy is the standard first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC); however, oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy critically affects the quality of life of patients. Maintenance strategies with FP plus bevacizumab have been well established; nonetheless, the real-world outcomes of maintenance therapy with FP and cetuximab are unclear. We investigated the clinical outcomes of patients who underwent maintenance therapy with cetuximab.
Methods
We retrospectively identified and analyzed patients with mCRC who were treated between 2012 and 2021 with first-line oxaliplatin-based induction chemotherapy (IC) and patients treated with maintenance therapy after IC.
Results
A total of 112 patients were treated with IC. Among them, 48 patients underwent maintenance therapy (same IC regimen without oxaliplatin). The most common reason for the discontinuation of IC was peripheral neuropathy (n = 40, 83%). For the IC of the maintenance group, 3, 26, and 19 patients were treated with CAPOX (capecitabine/oxaliplatin), mFOLFOX6 (FP/leucovorin/oxaliplatin) plus bevacizumab, and mFOLFOX6 plus cetuximab. The best overall response of maintenance therapy was a partial response in 7 patients and stable disease in 30 patients The median progression-free survival (PFS) of maintenance therapy and overall survival (OS) was 4.83 months and 25.6 months in the bevacizumab group, and 5.98 months and 32.4 months in the cetuximab group, respectively.
Conclusions
Maintenance therapy with FP and cetuximab is a feasible strategy for appropriate mCRC patients. Further large-scale randomized studies are needed to validate the efficacy of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor-based maintenance therapy.
A Novel RNA N1-methyladenosine Regulator Mediated Methylation Modification Pattern Can Impact the Immune Status and Predict the Prognosis and Drug Sensitivity of Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Li Rumeng , Jie Chen , Fan Zhipeng , Zeng Xinyu , Huang Zhengrong , Zeng Zihang , Li Jiali , Wang Mengqin , Liu Yuying , Ouyang Wen , Gong Yan , Xie Conghua 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has a high morbidity and mortality. Although the treatment of NSCLC has made progress in recent years, its 5-year overall survival (OS) is about 25 %. In recent years, epigenetic modification has been increasingly regarded as an important marker of cancer. RNA methylation is essentially an epigenetic modification. However, the potential role of m1A modification-related genes in LUAD tumor microenvironment (TME) remains unclear.
Methods: In this study, 10 m1A modulators were comprehensively evaluated in 724 GEO-LUAD patients as training set and 474 TCGA-LUAD patients as test group. Then, three subgroups were determined using the consensus clustering method to evaluate the association between m1A modification and TME. The CIBERSORT method was used to evaluate the level of immune cell infiltration. Finally, the m1A score based on PCA algorithm was associated with prognosis, clinical stage, T stage, N stage, TMB and immune cell infiltration, which was statistically significant. In addition, the drug sensitivity of patients with high and low scores is also different, which provides a new idea for clinical treatment. At the same time, our gene protein-protein interaction (PPI) network screened the target gene ALKBH1, and we found that ALHBH1 is an important biomarker for poor prognosis. More importantly, immunohistochemistry and PCR confirmed that ALKBH1 was up-regulated in LUAD, and the higher the expression, the worse the prognosis.
Results: The high m1A score of patients had a better prognosis, higher immune cell infiltration, a better response to immunotherapy, and a poorer response to chemotherapy.
Conclusion: In summary, the m1A score is expected to become a new tool for evaluating the prognosis of LUAD patients and a candidate biomarker for immunotherapy, chemotherapy and targeted therapy strategies. In addition, we found that ALKBH1 can be used as a biomarker for the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma and experimentally verified the same results.
Heterologous expression of Chimeric hepatitis B core virus like particles harboring SARS-CoV2 epitope and evaluation of its immunization potential in mice
Authors: Sazegari Sima , Niaki Malihe Akbarzadeh , Afsharifar Alireza , Niazi Ali , Derakhshandeh Abdollah , Vahdat Maryam Moradi , Eskandari Mohammad Hadi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Due to the potential of virus-like particle (VLP)-based vaccines for effective elicitation of immune response and controlling disease, this investigation was projected to explore the feasibility of HBc-VLP-based vaccine regarding SARS-CoV-2 infection, which has not yet been studied. We used the HBc-VLP platform for expressing the SARS-CoV-2 spike antigenic epitope.
Results: Insertion of the selected epitope was done into the major immunodominant region (MIR) of truncated (149 residues) hepatitis B core capsid protein. The chimeric protein was constructed in PET28a+ and expressed through the bacterial E. coli BL21 expression system. However, the protein was expressed in inclusion body forms and they were extracted following urea denaturation from the insoluble phase. Following the extraction, the vaccine protein was purified using Ni2+ iminodiacetic acid (IDA) affinity chromatography. SDS-PAGE and western blotting were used to confirm the protein expression. Regarding the denaturation step, the unavoidable refolding process was carried out, so that the chimeric VLP reassembled in native conformation. Based on the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) microscopic analysis, the HBC VLP was successfully assembled. Confirming the assembled chimeric VLP, we explored the immunogenic effectivity of the vaccine through mice immunization with two-dose vaccination with and without adjuvant. The utilization of adjuvant was suggested to assess the effect of adjuvant on improving the immune elicitation of chimeric VLP-based vaccine. Immunization analysis based on anti-spike specific IgG antibody showed a significant increase in antibody production in harvested serums from immunized mice with HBc-VLP harboring antigenic epitope compared to HBc-VLP and PBS-injected mice.
Conclusions: The results approved the successful production and the effectiveness of the vaccine in terms of humoral IGG antibody production. Therefore, this platform can be considered a promising strategy for developing safe and reasonable vaccines; however, more complementary immunological evaluations are needed.
GUNet: A Novel and Efficient Low-illumination Palmprint Image Enhancement Method
Authors: Zhou Kaijun , Lu Duojie , Liu Guangnan , Zhou Xiancheng , Qin Yemei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Palmprint has a high application prospect due to the stability, uniqueness, difficulty of reproduction, easy acquisition and high user acceptance of its own texture characteristics. However, palmprint images acquired at long distances and in low light conditions lose a amount of significant palmprint texture features, which in turn will affect the accuracy of palmprint recognition. Combining traditional methods with deep learning methods, this paper proposes a low-illumination palmprint image enhancement method based on wavelet transform and improved UNet (insertion of integrated attention gate at the UNet jump connection, GUNet). Firstly, the input image is decomposed by wavelet transformation to obtain the decomposition result of the original image, that is the high-frequency image and the low-frequency image. Secondly,the high-frequency image is enhanced by the GUNet neural network to enhance the palmprint texture, and low-frequency images use weighted averaging to smooth low-frequency information other than palm texture information. After that, the palmprint image with a clear palmprint texture is obtained by the wavelet inverse transformation. Numerous experiments are carried out on palmprint databases such as Idiap, CASIA, IITD and a laboratory self-collection. Experimental results show that the proposed approach has higher PSNR, SSIM and VIF indicators than some existing methods, which suggest palmprint image with low-illumination can be significantly enhanced.
Optimal clustering for quantum refinement of biomolecular structures: Q|R#4
Authors: Wang Yaru , Kruse Holger , Moriarty Nigel W. , Waller Mark P. , Afonine Pavel V. , Biczysko Malgorzata 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Quantum refinement (Q|R) of crystallographic or cryo-EM derived structures of biomolecules within the Q|R project aims at using ab initio computations instead of library-based chemical restraints. An atomic model refinement requires the calculation of the gradient of the objective function. While it is not a computational bottleneck in classic refinement it is a roadblock if the objective function requires ab initio calculations. A solution to this problem adopted in Q|R is to divide the molecular system into manageable parts and do computations for these parts rather than using the whole macromolecule. This work focuses on the validation and optimization of the automatic divide-and-conquer procedure developed within the Q|R project. Also, we propose an atomic gradient error score that can be easily examined with common molecular visualization programs. While the tool is designed to work within the Q|R setting the error score can be adapted to similar fragmentation methods. The gradient testing tool presented here allows a prioridetermination of the computationally efficient strategy given available resources for the potentially time-expensive refinement process. The procedure is illustrated using a peptide and small protein models considering different quantum mechanical (QM) methodologies from Hartree-Fock, including basis set and dispersion corrections, to the modern semi-empirical method from the GFN-xTB family. The results obtained provide some general recommendations for the reliable and effective quantum refinement of larger peptides and proteins.
Ultrasound-guided manipulation of Colle's fracture in adults is not beneficial over landmark based fracture reduction. The outcome of a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Authors: Nema Sandeep Kumar , Austine Jose , Ramasubramani Premkumar , Agrawal Ruchin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background

This review aims to determine the relative Risk of distal Radius (Colle's) fracture (DRF) malalignment between ultrasound-guided and conventional/landmark guided/blind manipulation.

Methods

Major electronic bibliographic databases on ultrasound-guided manipulation of DRF were searched. Studies with randomized, quasi-randomized, and cross-sectional study designs meeting the inclusion criteria were included for this review. Ultrasound and landmark guided DRF manipulations were named cases and controls respectively. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of included studies.

Results

Thirteen and nine studies were analysed in the qualitative and quantitative analysis. 951 DRF patients (475 cases and 476 controls) from 9 studies with mean ages of 51.52 ± 11.86 (22-92) and 55.82 ± 11.28 (18-98) years for cases and controls respectively were pooled for this review. The pooled estimate of Relative Risk from the studies included in MA was 0.90 (0.74-1.09). There was a 10% reduction in risk of malreduction of DRF M&R with USG-guided manipulation than the blind manipulation however, sensitivity analysis revealed a relative risk of 1.00 (0.96-1.05).

Discussion

The ultrasound guided manipulation does not offers benefits in preventing malreduction over the landmark based manipulation of DRF. Unbiased high quality studies can further verify the findings of this review.