bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Pengetahuan dengan Stigma Masyarakat tentang COVID-19 di Kota Medan
Authors: Siregar Betania Narwastu , Sitanggang Ervina Julien , Hasibuan Pantas , Sufida Sufida 
Published: April 2022

Background: COVID-19 was declared a pandemic and a global health problem by WHO on March 11, 2020. In Indonesia, cases of COVID-19 that were confirmed positive mentioned 4.204.116 cases and the number of deaths was 141.258 cases on September 24, 2021.The COVID-19 pandemic has an impact on the occurrence of social stigma against a person or group of people who experience physical disorders due to the SARS CoV-2 virus. A COVID-19 patient can feel threatened by being labeled a carrier of the disease and a danger to others. One of the factors that can cause stigma is knowledge.
Objective: This study aims to analyze knowledge with public stigma about COVID-19 in Medan City.
Methods: This study is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design. The target population in this study is the residents of Medan city. Sampling used the snowball sampling method. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test.
Results: From 227 respondents, knowledge about COVID-19 was obtained with good results in 140 respondents (61.7%) and public stigma about COVID-19 showed low stigma in 154 respondents (67.8%). The Chi-Square test results showed a p-value = 0.001.
Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between knowledge and public stigma about COVID-19.
Keywords: COVID-19, Knowledge, Public Stigma

ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: COVID-19 dinyatakan sebagai pandemi dan masalah kesehatan global oleh WHO pada 11 Maret 2020. Di Indonesia kasus COVID-19 yang terkonfirmasi positif berjumlah 4.204.116 kasus dan jumlah kematian sebanyak 141.258 kasus pertanggal 24 September 2021. Pandemi COVID-19 berdampak terhadap terjadinya stigma sosial terhadap seseorang atau sekelompok orang yang mengalami gangguan kondisi fisik akibat virus SARS CoV-2. Seorang pasien COVID-19 dapat merasa terancam karena diberi label penyebar penyakit dan membahayakan orang lain. Salah satu faktor yang dapat menimbulkan stigma adalah pengetahuan.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengetahuan dengan stigma masyarakat tentang COVID-19 di Kota Medan.
Metode: Jenis penelitian adalah analitik observasional dengan desain penelitian cross-sectional. Populasi target pada penelitian ini adalah masyarakat Kota Medan. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan snowball sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-Square.
Hasil: Dari 227 responden didapatkan pengetahuan tentang COVID-19 dengan hasil baik pada 140 responden (61,7%) dan stigma masyarakat tentang COVID-19 menunjukkan stigma rendah sebanyak 154 responden (67,8%). Hasil analisis uji Chi-Square menunjukkan nilai p = 0,001.
Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan dengan stigma masyarakat tentang COVID-19.
Kata Kunci: COVID-19, Pengetahuan, Stigma Masyarakat
EXTRACCIÓN DE REE DE UN MINERAL RICO EN ÓXIDOS DE HIERRO
Authors: Tamayo Soriano Diego Alejandro , Martínez Luévanos Antonia , Soria Aguilar Ma. de Jesús , Carrillo Pedroza Francisco Raúl 
Published: April 2022

Las tierras raras (REE) han atraído la atención del mundo debido a su importancia para su aplicación en tecnologías avanzadas, lo cual ha generado la optimización y desarrollo de nuevos procesos para su recuperación a partir de relaves de minas, escorias metalúrgicas y yeso fosforado. A nivel mundial las REE, se obtienen principalmente de carbonatitas, rocas ígneas alcalinas, placeres, lateritas y arcillas. La monacita, apatita y los zircones, son los principales minerales que contienen REE.
En este trabajo se presentan los avances del procesamiento de un mineral de hierro con contenidos de REE. Se realizó flotación utilizando ácido graso y depresores de Fe y Si. Las colas fueron procesadas por separación magnética. El material no magnético fue lixiviado utilizando HCl y H2SO4 con la finalidad de investigar la influencia del tipo y concentración de ácido. Los resultados obtenidos indicaron que el HCl es el agente más eficiente.
ANALISIS NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN DALAM MATERI PAI DARI SEKOLAH DASAR SAMPAI PERGURUAN TINGGI
Authors: Roza Mila , Sentosa Sedya 
Published: April 2022

Pendidikan agama Islam merupakan proses pembentukan kepribadian muslim yaitu manusia yang beriman dan beramal shaleh serta berakhlak baik sesuai ajaran Islam. Berbagai kurikulum telah dikembangkan untuk mencapai tujuan pendidikan Islam secara komprehensif. Melihat kemajuan manusia dari segi perekonomian yang semakin digalakkan dengan program ‘ayo berwirausaha’ yang banyak melahirkan wirausahawan muda millenial. Tentunya hal ini menjadi sebuah pertanyaan besar bagi penulis apakah pada penyampain materi PAI yang bersifat menyeluruh ini sudah memuat kebutuhan materi sesuai dengan perkembangan zamannya serta membina siswa secara direct ataupun indirect learning atas nilai-nilai dasar kewirausahaan yang mereka punya melalui program-program pembelajaran yang dapat di relevankan dengan mata pelajaran PAI. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kepustakaan. Dalam hal ini peneliti akan mendeskripsikan hasil penelitian dan menguraikan secara teratur data yang telah diperoleh, kemudian diberikan pemahaman dan penjelasan agar dapat dipahami dengan baik oleh para pembaca. Hasil dari penelitian ini, menunjukkan bahwa adanya indikasi penyampaian nilai-nilai pendidikan kewirausahaan pada muatan materi PAI yang di rangkum sesuai dengan kurikulum pendidikan Islam yang diajarkan oleh guru kepada peserta didik sejak dari jenjang pendidikan Sekolah Dasar hingga mencapai Perguruan Tinggi.

Kata Kunci: Materi PAI, Kewirausahaan dan Kurikulum
La Asociación que el Uso de Videojuegos tiene con el Aprovechamiento Académico y la Agresión de Estudiantes Universitarios
Authors: Ortiz-Ortiz Yamil O. , Torres-Lebrón Andrea P. , Badillo-Cabrera Alex L. , Velo-Nazario Samantha G. , González-González Manuel 
Published: April 2022

Este estudio examinó la asociación que tiene el uso de videojuegos con el rendimiento académico y la agresión de una muestra de 173 estudiantes universitarios. Los investigadores utilizaron un diseño transversal con muestreo por conveniencia a través de una encuesta en línea. Para el primer objetivo, los investigadores desarrollaron un modelo de regresión lineal múltiple que incluía las variables de uso de videojuegos, situación laboral y horas trabajadas como predictores del promedio académico de los estudiantes. El modelo predijo significativamente el cinco por ciento de la varianza relacionada a las calificaciones de los estudiantes, F(3, 167) = 3,13, p < 0,05, = 0.05. A pesar de esto, el único predictor significativo fue el tiempo dedicado a jugar videojuegos. Los resultados sigieren que el uso de videojuegos tuvo un efecto pequeño y negativo en el aprovechamiento académico de los estudiantes encuestados. El segundo objetivo exploro a través de una correlación de Pearson la relación entre el uso de videojuegos violentos y la Escala de Agresión de Buss and Perry. Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que no existe una correlación significativa entre el uso de juegos violentos y la agresión r (157) = .10, p = .23. En conclusión, el uso de videojuegos tuvo un efecto pequeño y negativo en el rendimiento académico de los participantes del estudio, pero no en su agresión.
European principles of participatory democracy and their implementation in Ukraine
Authors: KORZH I. 
Published: April 2022

This article examines the issue of introducing at the European level the principles governing citizens' participation in public affairs and public decision-making, primarily at the local level. The main acts of the European Union are considered, by which these principles are implemented for the citizens of the Union, and which are aimed at enhancing the participation of citizens in solving pressing issues of society. A brief analysis of the state of similar legislation in Ukraine is carried out and an assessment of its effectiveness is given.
Areas of development of legal regulation of identification data management.
Authors: KOSTENKO O. , MANGORA V. 
Published: April 2022

The world scientific community puts a lot of effort into the technical implementation of identity management systems. At the same time, the legal regulation of identification data management processes is not carried out or is carried out selectively or exclusively for a specific situational procedure. Today, scientists are studying the possibility of applying existing regulations to regulate modern social relations in the field of identity management. The disadvantage of this approach is that these regulations, as a rule, have long been adopted, are archaic in nature, contain “outdated” rules of law, do not contain modern definitions and do not take into account the development of social relations, which consist of modern information and communication technologies. At the present stage of intensive development of public relations and the use of new information and communication technologies, scientists mainly study the processes of information security management systems or protection of personal data of individuals and legal entities. It should be noted that ISMS and FAR should be considered as components of the overall system of identification data management. However, in general, the issue of legal regulation of identity management, as a legal intersectoral institution that affects many aspects of public life, is not considered. The United Nations Commission on International Trade Law and the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. Prospects of legal regulation of identity management based on the proposals of the United States of America are considered.
Destructive influence of the media on the public and personal consciousness and behavior of young people
Authors: UKHANOVA N. 
Published: April 2022

The article examines the destructive impact of information and propaganda on public and personal consciousness and behavior of young people. It has been found that the media have a negative impact on the behavior of young people today. Constant unrestricted access to the Internet also has a negative impact on young people's behavior, which in turn leads to various deviations in the model of young people's behavior. It is determined that the mass media on the basis of the implementation of a significant number of techniques and methods of propaganda and disinformation manipulate the public consciousness of modern youth. The activities of the media, whose main task is to influence public opinion, in relation to young people can be destructive, due to the fact that the younger generation, due to lack of experience, can not control such influence and suggestion. It has been proved that the manipulation of human consciousness, the suggestion of nationalist stereotypes and negative attitudes in order to motivate society to specific actions and deeds is carried out through the media. Due to the fact that the interaction of the individual with the media is constant, the impact is significant. It is concluded that in our time, the existence of modern information and communication technologies and manipulation based on information and propaganda has a purposeful and aggressive impact on social and personal consciousness and behavior of young people.
A new strategy for countering terrorism in the US
Authors: MALAKHOV H. 
Published: April 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of a new counter-terrorism strategy in the United States. The main elements of this strategy are considered. The article assesses the degree of effectiveness of measures taken in the United States to implement counter-terrorism measures. The interaction of the subjects of the fight against terrorism within the framework of this strategy is highlighted. The role of the private sector in the fight against terrorism is noted.
Legal regulation of non-traditional forms of marriage and family relations
Authors: MANGORA T. , SHVETS L. 
Published: April 2022

The article is devoted to the issues related to the legislative consolidation of legal norms governing non-traditional marital and family relations. The article reveals the concept of family and marriage. Different types of non-traditional models of family relations and their classification are considered. The state of legislative consolidation of norms providing state registration of same-sex relations in Ukraine and the world is analyzed. The key points of ensuring the protection of the rights of persons who intend to enter into a same-sex marriage are highlighted. The decisions in the complaints of same-sex couples to the European Court of Human Rights have been studied.
Architectures of Compact Super-Earth Systems Shaped by Instabilities
Authors: Goldberg Max , Batygin Konstantin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Compact nonresonant systems of sub-Jovian planets are the most common outcome of the planet formation process. Despite exhibiting broad overall diversity, these planets also display dramatic signatures of intrasystem uniformity in their masses, radii, and orbital spacings. Although the details of their formation and early evolution are poorly known, sub-Jovian planets are expected to emerge from their natal nebulae as multiresonant chains, owing to planet–disk interactions. Within the context of this scenario, the architectures of observed exoplanet systems can be broadly replicated if resonances are disrupted through postnebular dynamical instabilities. Here, we generate an ad hoc sample of resonant chains and use a suite of N-body simulations to show that instabilities can not only reproduce the observed period ratio distribution, but that the resulting collisions also modify the mass uniformity in a way that is consistent with the data. Furthermore, we demonstrate that primordial mass uniformity, motivated by the sample of resonant chains coupled with dynamical sculpting, naturally generates uniformity in orbital period spacing similar to what is observed. Finally, we find that almost all collisions lead to perfect mergers, but some form of postinstability damping is likely needed to fully account for the present-day dynamically cold architectures of sub-Jovian exoplanets.
Favipiravir for the treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia: Can we predict the response to treatment?
Authors: Sayiner Abdullah , Erdem Huseyin Aytac , Korkmaz Ekren Pervin , Tasbakan Sezai , Basoglu Ozen K , Tasbakan Meltem Isikgoz , Yamazhan Tansu , Gokengin Deniz , Ozhan Mustafa Hikmet 
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Early experience with favipiravir in the treatment of COVID-19 is promising, but no clinical data have been published in medical journals. This study aimed to review the experience with favipiravir treatment for COVID-19 pneumonia and to examine whether there are any predictors of treatment response.
Methodology: Fifty-six patients with severe or progressive pneumonia associated with COVID-19 who were treated with favipiravir monotherapy for at least five days were included in this retrospective study. Treatment response was defined as clinical recovery without any need for admission into the intensive care unit and/or anti-cytokine therapy. The demographic, clinical, laboratory and radiographic features of the patients were compared between favipiravir-responders and non-responders.
Results: Of the 56 patients, 34 patients (60.7%) responded to treatment and recovered. There was no difference in the demographic, clinical, and radiographic findings between the responders and non-responders. The inflammatory biomarkers were also similar except for the CRP levels on the day favipiravir was started [74 (36-111) vs. 118.5 (46.5-203) mg/L, respectively, p = 0.043]. There was also a significant difference in the median time to defervescence [1 (1-2) vs. 3.5 (1.75-9.25) days, respectively]. Of clinical interest, 27 (79.4%) and 31 (91.2%) of the responders became afebrile within two and four days, respectively. The response rate was lower in patients who presented severe pneumonia associated with respiratory failure.
Conclusions: Patients with non-severe pneumonia at admission and whose fever resolved within two days of treatment are more likely to improve with favipiravir.
Antibacterial activity of ciprofloxacin-impregnated 3D-printed polylactic acid discs: an in vitro study
Authors: Ruh Emrah , Mammadov Emil 
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology allows incorporation of various substances including antibiotics into different structures. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of ciprofloxacin-impregnated 3D discs against Escherichia coli.
Methodology: Polylactic acid pellets were coated with ciprofloxacin at 1% and 2% concentrations, then filaments were produced from these pellets, and antibiotic-containing discs were obtained using fused deposition modeling 3D printers. The working temperatures during filament extrusion and 3D printing processes were 200 °C and 215 °C, respectively. Therefore, in order to test the thermal stability of ciprofloxacin during these processes, the antibiotic was exposed to 200 °C and 215 °C in an oven, and then tested against E. coli. Following this, efficiencies of antibiotic-coated pellets, filaments and discs against E. coli were determined by diffusion tests.
Results: Ciprofloxacin heated at 200 °C and 215 °C was stable and retained its antibacterial activity. Pellets, filaments and discs coated with 1% or 2% concentration of ciprofloxacin produced inhibition zones in the culture plates. Increasing ciprofloxacin concentration did not significantly affect the diameter of inhibition zones (p > 0.05). Ciprofloxacin-containing polylactic acid pellets produced significantly larger inhibition zones than those of filaments and discs (p < 0.0001). The difference in zone diameters around ciprofloxacin-containing filaments and discs was not statistically significant (p > 0.05).
Conclusions: Ciprofloxacin-coated polylactic acid-based 3D discs displayed antibacterial activity against E. coli. This suggests that, various polylactic acid-based ciprofloxacin-containing 3D products can be obtained and evaluated for antibacterial activity in future studies.
Implementation of a transitions of care elective course at a pharmacy school with branch sites
Authors: Taylor Heather , Englin Elizabeth F. 
Published: April 2022

Background: The Center for Advancement of Pharmacy Education educational outcomes include an objective regarding managing patient's healthcare needs during transitions of care (TOC). Pharmacy school curriculums should be designed to teach student pharmacists to provide TOC services.
Methods: A TOC focused elective was implemented across three sites of a pharmacy school. The course involved lectures, interactive activities, flip-the-classroom activities, and group projects.
Results: A total of 51 students completed course evaluation surveys over two course offerings. Most students, 92.2% (n = 47), agreed or strongly agreed that the course objectives were met. Similarly, 96.1% (n = 49) agreed or strongly agreed that the course was well organised.
Conclusion: An assessment of course evaluations demonstrated positive student perceptions of the course and successful course implementation. Schools of pharmacy should consider implementing a TOC focused elective to provide students with foundational knowledge for caring for patients throughout the continuum of care.
Analyzing trends of Patient Safety Non-Technical Skills among postgraduate trainees through a modified survey tool
Authors: Ayesha Abubakar Mitha  , Usman Mahboob  , Tayyaba Rahman  
Published: April 2022

Objectives: To analyse practices of patient safety non-technical skills among postgraduate trainees to establish the utility of organised teaching programmes in this regard, and to determine the utilisation of different teaching modes.
Method: The multicentre, two-phase, cross-sectional study was conducted from February to August 2020 at 27 teaching hospitals across Pakistan which were part of the Patient Safety Friendly Hospital Initiative by the World Health Organisation. The Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture was modified with validated additional survey items before using it to gather relevant data. Data was analysed using SPSS 21.
Results: In the first phase, 42 additional survey items were developed with content validity ratio >0.66 and item content validity index >0.83. Cronbach’s alpha of the modified survey tool was 0.790. The second phase comprised 388 postgraduate trainees; 199(51.3%) males and 189(48.7%) females. Of them, 134(34.5%) were in the third year of training, 215(55.4%) fourth, and 39(10.1%) in the final year. Highest positive response was found for learning Teamwork 216(55.7%) and the lowest for Situational Awareness 62(15.9%). Leadership had highest good practice responses (subscales range: 77.6% to 76.6%) and Communication had the lowest (subscales range: 16.5% to 74.2%). Agreement on Informal Learning mode was the highest 268(69.1%) and the lowest was for Simulator Learning 63(16.2%). Besides, 274(70.6%) and 281(72.4%) subjects agreed on the supportive role of supervisors and hospital administrations. The correlation of the studied variables with the year of training was significant only for Teamwork (p=0.02) and Medication Safety skills (p=0.01).
--Continue
Translation of Literature as a Tool to Enrich Target Language Literature
Authors: Faisal Raheem Amna , Shah Sabreena , Memon Nayab Asif 
Published: April 2022

Translation of literature is the translation of literary art forms such as poetry, novels, dramas, short stories, films etc. The mainstream critiques of translation looked down upon the translation of literature. Translation of literature is often considered as artificial. However, on the bright side, translation of literature can be seen as a positive phenomenon. It is not just a mechanical task; rather it is a process of new creation. Translation of literature is a work of art. A skilled translator is a gem, who can add many new aspects to the translated literature. This article analyses the translation of Arabic poem and the translation of the story of Ali Baba and forty thieves to explain that the translation of literature is a tool to enrich target language literature.
The role of the audit committee to support the quality of financial reporting some lessons from Sox Act
Authors: Abdulhussein Azher Subhi 
Published: April 2022

The present study aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of the internal control system in large economic units as a result of the volume of business they practice. In light of the size of activity practiced by the General Company for the Distribution of Central Electricity through the distribution of electrical energy to six Iraqi provinces, there must be an important role for internal control in monitoring this activity. Hence, the present study focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of internal control in the company and its branches in light of the ethical code for senior officials contained in the Sarbanes- Oxley Act in addition to some other requirements that were dealt with by the law. The analysis of the data is based on some requirements in the law In addition to a questionnaire prepared for this purpose to measure the application of the code of ethical conduct for senior officials and to demonstrate the effectiveness of an efficient internal control system. 85 questionnaire forms were distributed to workers in the control, internal auditing, and accounting departments of the company and its branches. 74 forms were suitable for analysis. The present study concludes that there are indications that the internal control system is not independent in the provinces electricity distribution companies and the subsidiary companies. It is mentioned in the organizational structure of the company that the control and auditing department is subordinate to the director of the company and his/her assistants, and that it is not directly related to the official of the control and auditing department at the company's headquarters, which may cause conflict in Interests and lack of coordination in control procedures.