bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trend Prediction of Carbon Peak in China’s Animal Husbandry Based on the Empirical Analysis of 31 Provinces in China
Authors: Cheng Ming , Yao Wenjie 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Based on the panel data of 31 provinces in China from 2008 to 2020, this paper examines the affecting factors of carbon emissions from animal husbandry from aspects of environmental technology, economic structure, economic scale and population size, and calculates the peaking time and amount of the carbon emissions in China’s animal husbandry by predicting the carbon emissions in different scenarios. The results show that: (1) According to the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis, with other affecting factors predetermined , there is an inverted U-shaped curvilinear relationship between carbon emissions from China’s animal husbandry and GDP per capita, with a GDP per capita of RMB 180,000 at the turning point; (2) Most provinces in China are expected to achieve carbon peak in animal husbandry by 2030, and the country is expected to reach peak carbon emissions in animal husbandry by 2026; (3) Policy interventions should primarily target environmental technologies and strive to reduce carbon emissions per unit animal husbandry output value by 1.2% per year after 2020 so that China’s animal husbandry can achieve carbon peak in 2026. The conclusion of this paper is of great significance for optimizing the carbon peak and carbon neutral strategy and promoting the sustainable development of animal husbandry in China.
Lifelong Matrix Completion With Sparsity-number
Authors: ramazanli ilqar 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Adaptive matrix completion has been at the center of compressed sensing research for a long time. Adaptivity interacts with the problem both in multi-phase and single-phase settings. One of the modern ideas in adaptive matrix completion is related to sparsity-number. It has shown that the sparsest vector of column and row space carries crucial information regarding low-rank exact completion. However, currently, the proposed method requires many phases going over columns of the matrix. Therefore, in this paper, we suggest an algorithm that studies how to recover the column space in a single phase using the idea of sparsest vectors. Moreover, we extend our method to make it robust to sparse noise in some columns. We provide experimental evidence to illustrate the performance of our algorithm.
Experimental Study Aimed to Identify Volatile Biomarkers of Bovine Tuberculosis in Cows Emitted through the Breath, Skin and Feces
Authors: Brebu Mihai , Simion Violeta Elena , Andronie Viorel , Jaimes-Mogollón Aylen Lisset , Beleño-Sáenz Kelvin Jesús , Ionescu Florina , Welearegay Tesfalem Geremariam , Suschinel Raluca , de Lema Jose Bruno , Ionescu Radu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is an infectious disease with significant impact on animal health, public health and international trade. Standard bTB screening in live cattle consists in injecting tuberculin and measuring the swelling at the place of injection few days later. This procedure is expensive, time-consuming, logistically challenging, and is not conclusive before performing confirmatory tests and additional analysis. The analysis of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by non-invasive biological samples can provide an alternative diagnostic approach suitable for bTB screening. In the present study, we analyzed VOC samples emitted through the breath, feces and skin of 18 cows diagnosed with bTB from three farms from Romania, as well as of 27 negative cows for bTB from the same farms. Analytical studies employing gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry revealed 80 VOCs emitted through the breath, 200 VOCs released by feces, and 80 VOCs emitted through the skin. Statistical analysis of these compounds allowed the identification of 3 tentative breath VOC biomarkers, 9 tentative feces VOC biomarkers, and 3 tentative skin VOC biomarkers. The possible pathway of these volatile biomarkers is discussed.
Carbonic anhydrase IX-targeted chemodynamic &amp; photodynamic cancer stem cell therapy
Authors: Jung Hyo Sung , Koo Seyoung , Won Miae , An Seeun , Park Haebeen , Sessler Jonathan , Han Jiyou , Kim Jong Seung 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Chemoresistance originating from cancer stem cells (CSCs) is a major cause of cancer treatment failure and highlights the need to develop CSC-targeting therapies. Although enormous progress in both photodynamic therapy (PDT) and chemodynamic therapy (CDT) has been made in recent decades, the efficacy of these modalities against CSC remains limited. Here, we report a new generation photosensitizer, CA9-BPS-Cu(II), a system that combines three subunits within a single molecule, namely a copper catalyst for CDT, a boron dipyrromethene photosensitizer for PDT, and acetazolamide for CSC targeting via carbonic anhydrase-9 (CA9) binding. A therapeutic effect in MDA-MB-231 cells was observed that is ascribed to elevated oxidative stress mediated by a combined CDT/PDT effect, as well as through copper-catalyzed glutathione oxidation. The CSC targeting ability of CA9-BPS-Cu(II) was evident from its specific affinity for CD133-positive MDA-MB-231 cells. Moreover, its efficacy was successfully demonstrated in a xenograft mouse tumor model.
Genome-wide identification, structural analysis and expression profiles of SRS gene family in quinoa
Authors: Zhu Xiaolin , Wang Baoqiang , Wang Xian , Wei Xiaohong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
In response to various abiotic stressors, many SRS genes linked to several physiological and developmental processes. However, comprehensive analysis of this gene family is lacking for quinoa.
objective
The objective of this study was to identify the SRS gene family in Quinoa and to investigate its role in abiotic stress.
Methods
Bioinformatics for SRS family identification and characterization, the responses of CqSRS genes to NaCl (100 mmol/L), ABA (200 umol/L), low temperature (4℃) and drought were detected by qRT-PCR.
Results
10 SRS genes were identified in quinoa, and they were distributed on 9 chromosomes, and there were 4 pairs of duplicated genes. The number of amino acids encoded ranged from 143 to 370, and the isoelectric point ranged from 4.81 to 8.90. The secondary structure was mainly composed of random coil(Cc). Most of the SRS gene encoding proteins were located in the cytoplasm (5 CqSRS). Phylogenetic analysis showed that the CqSRS gene was divided into three evolutionary groups, and the gene structure showed that the number of exons of CqSRS was between 2–5. Promoter analysis revealed that there are a total of 44 elements related to plant hormone response elements, light response elements, stress response elements and tissue-specific expression in the upstream regin of the gene. Protein interaction showed that all 10 CqSRS proteins appeared in the known protein interaction network diagram in Arabidopsis. Expression profile analysis showed that CqSRS genes had different expression patterns, and some genes had tissue-specific expression. qRT-PCR showed that all SRS family genes responded to ABA, NaCl, drought and low-temperature treatments, but the expression levels of different CqSRS genes were significantly different under various stresses.
Conclusion
This study lays a foundation for further analyzed the function of CqSRS family genes.
Nordic contributions to stochastic methods in hydrology
Authors: Rosbjerg Dan , Engeland Kolbjørn , Førland Eirik , Haghighi Ali Torabi , Mehr Ali Danandeh , Olsson Jonas 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The paper presents prominent Nordic contributions to stochastic methods in hydrology and water resources during the previous 50 years. The development in methods from analysis of stationary and independent hydrological events to include non-stationarity, risk analysis, big data, operational research and climate change impacts is hereby demonstrated. The paper is divided into four main sections covering flood frequency and drought analyses, assessment of rainfall extremes, stochastic approaches to water resources management and approaches to climate change and adaptation efforts. It is intended as a review paper referring to a rich selection of internationally published papers authored by Nordic hydrologists or hydrologists from abroad working in a Nordic country or in cooperation with Nordic hydrologists. Emerging trends in needs and methodologies are highlighted in the conclusions.
Inter-comparison of past and projected climatic trends in Puerto Rico: 1950–2100
Authors: Jury Mark R. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Past and projected climatic trends in Puerto Rico in the period 1950–2100 are evaluated by detection of slope and fit in smoothed time series and by the mapping of local and regional trends using 5- to 50-km resolution products. New outcomes include second-order upward trends for evaporation and sea surface height. At a regional scale, Hadley Cell overturning is drying the mid-troposphere, inducing a northerly tendency for trade winds. The past rainfall trend (1950–2020) has increased ∼10% on the Atlantic-facing seaboard. Warming seas (+.02 °C/year) and rising vegetation fraction induce more evaporation that is deepening the moist boundary layer and sustaining thermal orographic precipitation over the island. Historical trends and model projections show a decrease in rainfall in spring and an increase in autumn, attributable to the retreat of the jet stream and the influence of transpiration, respectively. Outcomes reveal competition between small- and large-scale processes, and an island-wide water balance sustained by diurnal cycling. Adapting to the rising sea level makes pro-active coastal management a necessity.
HIGHLIGHTS Past and future climate changes are similar. Dataset and model resolution of &lt;50 km help to quantify climate change for small islands. New research suggests that second-order trends are replacing linear trends. Impacts due to sea level rise and coastal erosion require management.
Pain Management with Topical Aceclofenac Nanosuspension In-Vitro/In-
Vivo and Proof of Concept Studies
Authors: Kakkar Vandita , Nagpal Shaina , Kumari Parina , Saini Komal 
Published: May 2022

Introduction:
Pain is one of the most common medical conditions and affects more than diabetes, heart disease, and cancer combined. Current pain treatments mainly rely on NSAIDs analgesics and remain unsatisfactory. Due to associated adverse effects such as gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding and low solubility limits its uses.

Objective:
The present research focus on advance in the field of pain treatment by topical delivery of NSAIDs (aceclofenac) drugs via enhancing its solubility and diminishing related side effects.

Materials and Methods:
ACE-nanosuspension (ACE-NS) prepared by anti-solvent precipitation technique was characterized for particle size, PDI, zeta-potential, total drug content, DSC, FTIR, P-XRD and FESEM. Further spreadabilty, ex-vivo occlusivity, in-vitro release, ex-vivo skin permeation and retention and stability studies were performed. Dermal irritation and histopathological examinations were conducted in accordance to OECD guidelines. Proof of concept studies were accomplished using radiant tail flick and paw-licking animal model.

Results:
ACE-NS showed particle size of 148 ±15 nm with PDI: 0.170, zeta potential: 21.2 mV and total drug content of 86±0.23% respectively. DSC, FT-IR, P-XRD and FESEM studies revealed the thermal behavior, compatibility, solid state characterization and morphology of ACE-NS. ACE-NS loaded ointment showed a spreadability ratio of 0.23 and a drug content of 84±1.15%. In-vitro release of ACE from nano-ACE-ointment (88.07%) was higher than marketed formulation (70.55%) and free drug ointment (70.45%) after 24 hours. Release profile of nano-ACE-ointment fitted best for Higuchi model with r2 = 0.94 and n = 0.45 and its permeation flux was 9.2312 ± 0.8430 mg/cm2/h, which was significantly higher (p ≤0.05) than ACE marketed gel (2.6158 ± 0.4352 mg/cm2/h). Cutaneous irritation and histological studies revealed no inflammatory skin lesions post treatment with ACE-NS. Furthermore, ACE-NS-ointment showed better analgesic effect than marketed formulation in both radiant tail flick model (2.87 times) and paw-licking (2.73 times) animal model.

Conclusion:
Studies highlighted the potential of topical nano-ACE-ointment for pain management.
Anticancer Activity of Secondary Metabolites Present in Plants of Hot
Arid Region of India
Authors: Kataria Sudhir Kumar , Vashishth Divya , Yadav Poonam , Bhardwaj Monika , Yadav Mansi , Kadyan Pooja 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Cancer a death havoc is increasing at an alarming pace globally. There is a need to explore novel chemicals having anticancerous potential for its treatment with minimal side effects. Natural compounds obtained from plants have less toxic properties and can be proved as a better medication against this lethal disease. Thus, the secondary metabolites having anticancer properties found in plants, fruits, and vegetables are being persistently evaluated for research in cancer treatment like anticancer drugs- vinblastine, vincristine and taxol which are derived from plants. This review summarizes the anticancer properties of chemical repertoires of plants inhabiting the hot arid regions present in India against various cancer cell lines like HepG2, MCF7, PC3, HT116 etc. The mechanism of action of flavonoids in the induction of apoptosis through suppression/promotion of various factors including Ras-ERK and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways and genes mainly such as Bax, Bcl-2, p53 involved in the proliferation of cancer cells play emphatically in combating the extent of the disease by promoting apoptosis in cancer cells. The insight about the reported mechanisms will open further avenues of the anticancer potential of novel secondary metabolites.
Acceptability of an In-home Multimodal Sensor Platform for Parkinson Disease: Nonrandomized Qualitative Study
Authors: Morgan Catherine , Tonkin Emma L , Craddock Ian , Whone Alan L 
Published: May 2022

Background
Parkinson disease (PD) symptoms are complex, gradually progressive, and fluctuate hour by hour. Home-based technological sensors are being investigated to measure symptoms and track disease progression. A smart home sensor platform, with cameras and wearable devices, could be a useful tool to use to get a fuller picture of what someone’s symptoms are like. High-resolution video can capture the ground truth of symptoms and activities. There is a paucity of information about the acceptability of such sensors in PD.

Objective
The primary objective of our study was to explore the acceptability of living with a multimodal sensor platform in a naturalistic setting in PD. Two subobjectives are to identify any suggested limitations and to explore the sensors’ impact on participant behaviors.

Methods
A qualitative study was conducted with an inductive approach using semistructured interviews with a cohort of PD and control participants who lived freely for several days in a home-like environment while continuously being sensed.

Results
This study of 24 participants (12 with PD) found that it is broadly acceptable to use multimodal sensors including wrist-worn wearables, cameras, and other ambient sensors passively in free-living in PD. The sensor that was found to be the least acceptable was the wearable device. Suggested limitations on the platform for home deployment included camera-free time and space. Behavior changes were noted by the study participants, which may have related to being passively sensed. Recording high-resolution video in the home setting for limited periods of time was felt to be acceptable to all participants.

Conclusions
The results broaden the knowledge of what types of sensors are acceptable for use in research in PD and what potential limitations on these sensors should be considered in future work. The participants’ reported behavior change in this study should inform future similar research design to take this factor into account. Collaborative research study design, involving people living with PD at every stage, is important to ensure that the technology is acceptable and that the data outcomes produced are ecologically valid and accurate.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
RR2-10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041303
Diagnostic Performance of Fractional Excretion of Sodium for the Differential Diagnosis of Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Abdelhafez Mohammad , Nayfeh Tarek , Atieh Anwar , AbuShamma Omar , Babaa Basheer , Baniowda Muath , Hrizat Alaa , Hasan Bashar , Hassett Leslie , Hamadah Abdurrahman , Gharaibeh Kamel 
Published: May 2022

Background and objectives
AKI is classified as prerenal, intrinsic, and postrenal. Prerenal AKI and intrinsic AKI represent the most common causes for AKI in hospitalized patients. This study aimed to examine the accuracy of the fractional excretion of sodium for distinguishing intrinsic from prerenal AKI.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Cochrane Library, and Scopus for all available studies that met the criteria until December 31, 2021. We included studies that evaluated fractional excretion of sodium in differentiating AKI etiologies in adults, whereas studies that did not have sufficient data to extract a 2×2 table were excluded. We assessed the methodologic quality using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool and extracted the diagnostic accuracy data for all included studies. We conducted a meta-analysis using the bivariate random effects model. We performed subgroup analysis to investigate sources of heterogeneity and the effect of the relevant confounders on fractional excretion of sodium accuracy.

Results
We included 19 studies with 1287 patients. In a subset of 15 studies (872 patients) that used a threshold of 1%, the pooled sensitivity and specificity for differentiating intrinsic from prerenal AKI were 90% (95% confidence interval, 81% to 95%) and 82% (95% confidence interval, 70% to 90%), respectively. In a subgroup of six studies (511 patients) that included CKD or patients on diuretics, the pooled sensitivity and specificity were 83% (95% confidence interval, 64% to 93%) and 66% (95% confidence interval, 51% to 78%), respectively. In five studies with 238 patients on diuretics, the pooled sensitivity and specificity were 80% (95% confidence interval, 69% to 87%) and 54% (95% confidence interval, 31% to 75%), respectively. In eight studies with 264 oliguric patients with no history of CKD or diuretic therapy, the pooled sensitivity and specificity were 95% (95% confidence interval, 82% to 99%) and 91% (95% confidence interval, 83% to 95%), respectively.

Conclusions
Fractional excretion of sodium has a limited role for AKI differentiation in patients with a history of CKD or those on diuretic therapy. It is most valuable when oliguria is present.
Development and Validation of New Smartphone Based Colorimetric Method for Metoprolol succinate in Bulk and Tablet Dosage Form
Authors: Prajapati Dhruvin Manishkumar , Mashru Rajashree 
Published: May 2022

A method for determining the concentration of coloured compounds in a solution is colorimetry. The intensity of the colour is related to the chemical concentration being measured. Because of its low cost and ability to collect, store, and interpret data all in one device, smartphone-based colorimetry has increased in appeal as an analytical tool. The camera on the phone is used as a detector in smartphone colorimetry. Both the smartphone colorimetric method and the UV method relied on the detection of colour intensity as concentration rose. The ammonium metavanadate reagent is orange red in colour, but when it reacts with Metoprolol succinate, it changes to a green colour complex. The developed method has good linearity in the 20-40µg/ml range. The colour intensity increases as the concentration of API increases. All of the photos were captured on a smartphone and analyzed with photometrix PRO software. The photometrix PRO application turns an image to an RGB histogram, and it also includes regression models. LOD and LOQ value for UV visible spectrophotometry technique is 1.05µg/ml and 3.189µg/ml, respectively. Photometrix PRO LOD and LOQ are 0.0338µg/ml and 0.102µg/ml, respectively. The percent RSD of Metoprolol succinate was <2% utilizing Photometrix PRO and UV method. The results of a statistical tool called a two-paired test on both procedures show that they are both equally significant.
Keywords: UV spectrophotometry, Metoprolol succinate, Smartphone based colorimetry, Photometrix PRO, RGB Histogram
Corrosion of orthodontic brackets: qualitative and quantitative surface analysis
Authors: Doomen Romy A. , Nedeljkovic Ivana , Kuitert Reinder B. , Kleverlaan Cornelis J. , Aydin Burcu 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To determine and compare surface characteristics and presence of corrosion in new and used brackets with optical light microscopy (OLM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and with elemental chemical analysis with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS).

Materials and Methods
OLM and SEM were used to analyze 24 new and 24 used conventional premolar brackets. EDS analysis was performed in six used brackets and four new brackets with corrosion-suspected spots.

Results
OLM and SEM images showed wear/abfraction signs, striations, pits/crevices, and adherent material. Used brackets showed more deterioration than new brackets. SEM images disclosed more morphological features than OLM images. EDS analysis revealed a significantly higher phosphorus (P = .001) and sodium (P &lt; .005) weight fraction and significantly lower amounts of chromium (P &lt; .001) in used brackets. The iron, chromium, and nickel weight fractions did not differ significantly between the clean and corrosion-suspected spots. Of the corrosion-suspected spots analyzed by combined SEM and EDS, 44.14% and 6.90% remained corrosion-suspected on used and new brackets, respectively.

Conclusions
Used brackets showed more signs of corrosion than new ones. Combined assessment of SEM and EDS indicates that the bracket surface is affected during orthodontic treatment as a result of corrosion.