bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resident physician outlook on death, dying and end-of-life care during the COVID-19 pandemic: effect of religion and burnout
Authors: Kripalani Simran , Gaughan John P , Cerceo Elizabeth 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesReligion and spirituality are important aspects of many physicians and patients’ lives and may impact their views of death and the way they interact with terminally ill patients, specifically comfort discussing end-of-life care and death and dying. This study explores the religious and spiritual beliefs of resident physicians, if they affect interactions with their patients and if burnout impedes this interaction.MethodsA 28-item questionnaire was administered to residents and fellows at an urban academic hospital.Results65 residents and fellows answered the survey. Religiosity but not spirituality correlated with reported comfort interacting with patients dealing with death or dying. Resident specialty, biological sex and spirituality were not associated with comfort and conversations about religion and end-of-life care. The majority (60%) reported that the pandemic has not affected how they speak to their patients about death and dying. Caring for a higher volume of terminally ill patients was not associated with high levels of burnout though 71% reported increased burnout due to COVID-19.ConclusionFurther research can be done to determine whether additional training or resources should be provided to resident physicians to cope with death and dying in the setting of a pandemic.
The Utility of Sodium Channel Provocation in Unexplained Cardiac Arrest Survivors and Electrocardiographic Predictors of Ventricular Fibrillation Recurrence
Authors: Ensam Bode , Cheung Christopher C. , Almehmadi Fahad , Gregers Winkel Bo , Scrocco Chiara , Brennan Paul , Leong Kevin , Muir Alison , Vanarva Amanda , Tfelt-Hansen Jacob , Roberts Jason D. , Krahn Andrew D. , Behr Elijah R. 
Published: November 2022

Background:
The implications of a drug-induced type 1 Brugada ECG pattern following sodium channel blocker provocation (SCBP) are not fully understood.

Methods:
Baseline clinical and ECG data were obtained from consecutive unexplained cardiac arrest survivors undergoing SCBP at 3 centers. A further 15 SCBP positive (SCBP+) unexplained cardiac arrest survivors were recruited from 3 additional centers to explore ventricular fibrillation recurrence.

Results:

A total of 121 consecutive unexplained cardiac arrest survivors underwent SCBP. The yield of the drug-induced type 1 Brugada ECG pattern was 17%. A baseline type 2/3 Brugada pattern (T2/3BP) (adjusted odds ratio, 19.36 [2.74–136.61];
P
=0.003) and PR interval (odds ratio, 1.03 [1.01–1.05] per ms;
P
=0.017) were independent predictors of SCBP+ response. A pathogenic
SCN5A
variant was identified in 36% of the SCBP+ group versus 0% in the SCBP− group (
P
<0.001). Amongst SCBP+ patients, a spontaneous type 1 Brugada pattern was identified in 19% during follow up and in 24% a type 1 Brugada pattern was identified in a relative. Prior syncope (adjusted hazard ratio, 3.83 [1.36–10.78];
P
=0.011) and the presence of global early repolarization (hazard ratio, 7.91 [3.22–19.44];
P
<0.001) were independent predictors of 5-year ventricular fibrillation recurrence. There was a nonsignificant trend toward greater 5-year ventricular fibrillation recurrence in the SCBP− group (23/95 [24%] versus 3/34 [9%];
P
=0.055).

Conclusions:

The yield of the drug-induced type 1 Brugada ECG pattern in consecutive unexplained cardiac arrest survivors undergoing SCBP is 17%. A baseline T2/3BP and PR interval were independent predictors of the drug-induced type 1 Brugada ECG pattern. Greater heritability of BrS phenotype in this group was evidenced by a greater prevalence of pathogenic
SCN5A
variants and relatives with a type 1 Brugada pattern. A history of prior syncope and the presence of global early repolarization were independent predictors of ventricular fibrillation recurrence.
A Unique Twelfth- to Fourteenth-Century AD Iron Nail Assemblage from Kanem, Chad
Authors: Magnavita Carlos 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Iron nails are still a poorly researched group of African archaeological artefacts. Probably because of preservation issues and their ordinary nature, archaeologists have in general not dealt analytically with such objects. A brief survey of the published evidence shows that, compared to North Africa and the Middle Nile Valley, iron nails are late occurrences in sites south of the Sahara, dating to the late first and the second millennia AD. This paper presents the first trait analysis of an iron nail assemblage from sub-Saharan Africa. Based on a collection of recently excavated and well-preserved samples from 12th to 14th century Kanem, the analysis distinguishes four main nail types being used east of Lake Chad at that time. It is concluded that, as any other archaeological artefacts, nails should be properly illustrated and analyzed as a means of warranting the retrieval of relatable data for future comparative studies.
Prevalence of depressive disorders in a primary care setting in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: A cross-sectional epidemiological study
Authors: Yen Phi Ho Nguyen , Quoc Tho Truong , Xuan Manh Bui , Anh Ngoc Tran , Minh Chau Pham Thi , Trung Nghia Nguyen , Nghia Tran Trung , Ngoc Quynh Huynh Ho , Huy Nguyen Tien , Linh Ngo Tich , Lê An Pham 
Published: November 2022

Objective This research was conducted to identify the prevalence and associated factors of depressive disorders, as well as evaluate the recognition rate of general practitioners in detecting these mental health issues in primary care. Method Five hundred and twelve participants (55.3% female, mean age = 46.35 years) were assessed by psychiatrists based on the DSM-5 clinical procedures over a two-month survey in a primary care facility in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Results There were 15.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] 12.9-19.2) of the population having depressive disorders, with major depressive disorder being the most prevalent subtype at 8% (95% CI 5.9-10.6). General practitioners could detect depressive disorders in 2.5% of all cases (95% CI .5-7.7). Significantly linked with depressive disorders in multivariable analysis were Chinese ethnic or other minority races (adjusted odds ratios [aOR] = 4.10, 95% CI 1.04-16.12), and low economic status (aOR = 5.41, 95% CI 1.29-22.59). Conclusions The high prevalence of depressive disorders in outpatients of primary care clinics may raise the awareness of the practitioners about screening and other appropriate actions to tackle the issue.
Hydrocarbon Expulsion Threshold: Significance and Applications to Oil and Gas Exploration
Authors: Pang Xiongqi , Lerche Ian , Fajin Chen , Zhangming Chen 
Published: November 2022

Hydrocarbon explusion threshold (HET) is the critical condition for hydrocarbon expulsion in separate phase from a source rock when the generated hydrocarbon amount has satisfied all needs for absorption by minerals, solution in water, and blocking of capillary pressure. Research results show that the HET varies mainly with three geological parameters: total organic carbon content (C%), kerogen type index (KTI) and thermal maturation degree (R0). Source rocks with low C% and KTI cross the HET at a high level of maturation degree (larger R0); source rocks with lower R0 and C% can also cross the HET if the kerogen has a larger KTI. Under general geological conditions, a source rock first crosses the methane expulsion threshold (HETgl), then the heavy hydrocarbon gas threshold (HETgn), and finally the liquid hydrocarbon expulsion threshold (HET0). In this paper the concept of HET, and its critical conditions, are applied to establish the scientific validity of the concept and grade the source rocks, to study the phases of hydrocarbons in migration and the mechanisms of hydrocarbon accumulation, and to divide the hydrocarbon expulsion into stages. Applications to different basins in China show that HET provides an accurate and efficient method to guide oil and gas prospecting.
Nitinol stents placed in iliac veins are not associated with prolonged back pain
Authors: Snow Chloe , Pappas Sydney , Sulakvelidze Levan , Kennedy Richard , Lakhanpal Sanjiv , Pappas Peter J 
Published: November 2022

Introduction Endovascular stenting is the standard of care for the management of symptomatic chronic venous obstruction. The increased radial resistive force and longer lengths of Nitinol stents have led to questions over persistent post-operative back pain. The purpose of this investigation was to assess the incidence and severity of post-operative back pain of Nitinol stents compared to Wallstents. Methods A retrospective review of data at the Center for Vascular Medicine was performed. Patient demographics, pre-operative, one week, three-, six,- and 12 month visual analog pain scores (VAS) for back pain, stent type, diameter, length, and vein locations were assessed. Results From April 2014 to November 2021, 627 (412 women/215 men) patients were assessed for the presence of post-operative back pain after an initial iliac vein stent placement. Stents utilized were Wallstents ( n = 114), Venovo ( n = 342), and Abre ( n = 171). The most common Nitinol stent diameter and lengths were 14 mm, 16 mm, and 120 mm, respectively ( p ≤ .03). The incidence of back pain at one week was 66% (411/627). VAS scores at one week and one, three, and six months post-operatively were the following: Wallstents-2.6 ± 3 ( n = 66), 1.7 ± 2.6 ( n = 43) 0.7 ± 2 ( n = 51), and 0 ± 0 ( n = 27); Abre-3.5 ± 3 ( n = 130), 3.8 ± 3 ( n = 19), 1.2 ± 2.5 ( n = 12), and 1 ± 2 ( n = 5); and Venovo- 2.5 ± 3 ( n = 216), 2.4 ± 3 ( n = 70), 0.9 ± 2 ( n = 68), and 0.6 ± 1.7 ( n = 49). There was no difference in the severity of back pain at any time point ( p ≥ .99). The development of back pain was unrelated to stent type, diameter, length, or covered vein territory. Conclusions Post-operative back pain was observed in 66% of patients at one week. The average pain score at one week for the entire cohort was three, which declined to less than one at one month. No difference in the severity of back pain between groups was observed at any time point, and the development of back pain is unrelated to stent type, diameter, length, or covered vein territory.
Tamoxifen retinopathy and macular telangiectasia: A comparative case series
Authors: Venkatesh Ramesh , Sharief Shama , Jayadev Chaitra , Reddy Nikitha Gurram , Mangla Rubble , Agrawal Rohit , Yadav Naresh Kumar , Chhablani Jay 
Published: November 2022

Purpose To report a case series of tamoxifen retinopathy (TR) with and without type 2 macular telangiectasia (MacTel) and compare their clinical and imaging findings. Methods Retrospective comparative study. Female patients with tamoxifen use or with clinical diagnosis of type 2 MacTel were divided into 4 groups: Group A—tamoxifen use without retinopathy; Group B—tamoxifen use with retinopathy; Group C—type 2 MacTel with tamoxifen use and Group D—type 2 MacTel without tamoxifen use. Clinical and image analysis was conducted. Results There were 6 patients (11 eyes) in group A, 8 (13 eyes) patients in Group B, 2 patients (4 eyes) in Group C and 8 patients (14 eyes) in Group D respectively. TR patients were young, showed retinal crystals, perifoveal greying and no retinal pigment clumps (RPC) on examination. Foveal contour irregularity (n = 13, 100%) and outer retinal layer damage (n = 11, 85%) were common OCT findings seen in TR. In group C, all eyes showed 360° middle retinal layer (MRL) hyperreflectivity (100% vs 86%) and presence of outer retinal hyporeflective cavitation (100% vs 43%) on OCT compared to patients in group D. Abnormal autofluoroscence, detection and leakage from the telangiectatic vessels on fluorescein and OCT angiography was seen in type 2 MacTel disease. Conclusion Patients with TR showed retinal crystals and outer retinal hyporeflective foveal cavitation on OCT. Patients with type 2 MacTel having with tamoxifen intake showed hyporeflective outer retinal foveal cavitation and 360° perifoveal MRL hyperreflectivity on OCT. RPC was observed exclusively in the type 2 MacTel group.
Severe febrile neutropenia associated with satralizumab in an Argentinian neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder patient
Authors: Pestchanker Claudia , Diaconchuk Melina , Lopez Paula , Montaño María Rosa , Romero William , Zalazar Guillermo , Carnero Contentti Edgar 
Published: November 2022

Background: Recently, satralizumab (interleukin-6 receptor blocker) was approved for seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) patients. In SAkuraSky trial, mild neutropenia was reported in 15% of patients under satralizumab. Most neutropenias were transient; grade 3–4 was not related to serious infections. So far, no severe neutropenia (<100 cell/mm3) has been reported worldwide. Methods: We present an aquaporin-4-antibody-positive NMOSD patient who developed severe febrile neutropenia 2 weeks after adding satralizumab to her azathioprine treatment. Conclusion: Analytic control for satralizumab is recommended at 4 weeks. However, we recommend this control at week 2, in order to closely monitor neutrophil count and prevent further complications.
Deep learning prediction of stroke thrombus red blood cell content from multiparametric MRI
Authors: Christiansen Spencer D , Liu Junmin , Bullrich Maria Bres , Sharma Manas , Boulton Melfort , Pandey Sachin K , Sposato Luciano A , Drangova Maria 
Published: November 2022

Background and purpose Thrombus red blood cell (RBC) content has been shown to be a significant factor influencing the efficacy of acute ischemic stroke treatment. In this study, our objective was to evaluate the ability of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to predict ischemic stroke thrombus RBC content using multiparametric MR images. Materials and methods Retrieved stroke thrombi were scanned ex vivo using a three-dimensional multi-echo gradient echo sequence and histologically analyzed. 188 thrombus R2*, quantitative susceptibility mapping and late-echo GRE magnitude image slices were used to train and test a 3-layer CNN through cross-validation. Data augmentation techniques involving input equalization and random image transformation were employed to improve network performance. The network was assessed for its ability to quantitatively predict RBC content and to classify thrombi into RBC-rich and RBC-poor groups. Results The CNN predicted thrombus RBC content with an accuracy of 62% (95% CI 48–76%) when trained on the original dataset and improved to 72% (95% CI 60–84%) on the augmented dataset. The network classified thrombi as RBC-rich or poor with an accuracy of 71% (95% CI 58–84%) and an area under the curve of 0.72 (95% CI 0.57–0.87) when trained on the original dataset and improved to 80% (95% CI 69–91%) and 0.84 (95% CI 0.73–0.95), respectively, on the augmented dataset. Conclusions The CNN was able to accurately predict thrombus RBC content using multiparametric MR images, and could provide a means to guide treatment strategy in acute ischemic stroke.
Catastrophic Trunnion Failure in an Anatomic Titanium Alloy Stem
Authors: Pruitt Benjamin P. , Mears Simon C , Apple Andrew E. , Stambough Jeffrey B. , Barnes C. Lowry , Stronach Benjamin M. 
Published: November 2022

Introduction Certain titanium alloy stems have been shown to be susceptible to failure at the neck with catastrophic trunnion failure. Failure has been particularly noted in the single wedge Accolade 1 stem design. Other stems also used this alloy including the anatomic designed Citation stem. Methods This case series details 3 catastrophic failures of the TMZF version of the Citation femoral stem. Results Each of these failures appear to be attributed to cyclical wear of the TMZF trunnion against the cobalt chromium femoral head. Wear resulted in ultimate implant failure and significant metal debris in the joint capsule at the time of revision surgery. Discussion While surgeons are aware of the risk of catastrophic failure for the Accolade 1 stem, failure may similarly happen in the TMZF Citation stem. Surgeons should monitor these implants with care and discuss the potential for trunnion failure with their patients.
Stroke-like migraine attacks after radiation therapy (SMART) syndrome presenting as a migraine copycat: A case report
Authors: Gharehbagh Sanaz Shoja , Nguyen Nina TTN , Beier Dagmar 
Published: November 2022

Background: Stroke-like migraine attacks after radiation therapy (SMART) syndrome is a possible long term consequence of cranial beam radiation therapy and may present as a perfect mimic of migraine with or without aura. Methods and Results: We present a 57-year-old man suffering from diffuse astrocytoma and presenting with SMART syndrome perfectly mimicking his antecedent migraine with visual aura. He was treated with intravenous steroid therapy inducing rapid response. Conclusion: SMART syndrome is a rare complex delayed complication of brain radiation therapy, which may present as an isolated migraine with or without aura even decades after cranial radiation. Thus, a sudden intensification or relapse of a previous migraine in a patient with remote cranial radiotherapy constitutes a red flag even decades after cranial irradiation and cured or stable tumor disease on a recent brain MRI. Moreover, SMART syndrome adds to the list of secondary headaches not yet listed in the current International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (ICHD3).
Crystal chemistry of povondraite by single-crystal XRD, EMPA, Mössbauer spectroscopy and FTIR
Authors: Bosi Ferdinando , Skogby Henrik , Hovis Guy L. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFive povondraite crystals from San Francisco Mine, Villa Tunari, Bolivia, have been structurally and chemically characterised by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and electron microprobe analysis. For the first time, this characterisation is accompanied by Mössbauer spectroscopic and single-crystal infrared spectroscopic data, which show the exclusive presence of Fe3+ at both the octahedrally-coordinated Y and Z sites as well as slight disorder of (OH) and O over the O(1) and O(3) sites.The data obtained along with those for earlier-studied bosiite and oxy-dravite oxy-tourmalines show a complete substitution series described by the reaction YFe3+3 + ZMg + ZFe3+4 ↔ YAl2 + YMg + ZAl5 (i.e. Fe3+Al–1) with variation of the structural parameters dominated by Fe3+ (or Al). Povondraite is the tourmaline member having the largest unit-cell parameters due to the larger size of Fe3+ relative to other trivalent cations (V > Cr > Al). In the tourmaline-supergroup minerals, the a and c unit-cell parameters vary from ~15.60 Å to ~16.25 Å and ~7.00 Å to ~7.50 Å, respectively. Their values increase with increasing Fe3+ or decreasing Al. End-member compositions related to the smallest and largest a and c parameters are, respectively, NaAl3Al6(Si3B3O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) (synthetic tourmaline) and NaFe3+3(Fe3+4Mg2)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O (povondraite).
Revisiting the condensation reaction of lignin in alkaline pulping with quantitativity part III: predominant formation of α-β-type over α-5-type condensation product in soda cooking treatments of apocynol and creosol
Authors: Komatsu Toshihiro , Yokoyama Tomoya 
Published: November 2022

AbstractProgress in the condensation of lignin is believed to interfere with delignification in alkaline pulping processes without any clear evidence, which motivated us to revisit it quantitatively. This study is the 3rd in the series which evaluates the condensation reactions of lignin in model systems of soda cooking processes using 4-(1-hydroxyethyl)-2-methoxyphenol (apocynol, Ap) and 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol (creosol, Cr). Ap was primarily converted to 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol (vinylguaiacol, Vg) via the quinone methide intermediate to establish equilibrium before condensation reactions proceeded. Only the α-5-type condensation product between Ap and Cr (ApCr, 1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethane) and the α-β-type condensation product between Ap and Vg or two molecules of Vg (ApVg, trans-1,3-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)but-1-ene) were identified without detecting any self-condensation products of Ap. The α-β-type condensation has not been well known and is an important finding of this study. The formation of ApVg was over 10 times faster than that of ApCr, which demonstrates that the α-β-type condensation is a major mode in soda cooking. However, because origins of α-β-type condensation substructures, such as C6-C2-type enol ethers, do not exist in native lignin, the results support our previous conclusion that the condensation reactions of lignin progress less frequently than previously believed.
Silver Halide-Based Nanomaterials in Biomedical Applications and Biosensing Diagnostics
Authors: Zhang Lin , Zhang Hong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn recent years, silver halide (AgX, X = Cl, Br, I)-based photocatalytic materials have received increasing research attention owing to their excellent visible-light-driven photocatalytic performance for applications in organic pollutant degradation, HER, OER, and biomedical engineering. Ag as a noble metal has a surface plasma effect and can form Schottky junctions with AgX, which significantly promotes electron transport and increases photocatalytic efficiency. Therefore, Ag/AgX can reduce the recombination rate of electrons and holes more than pure AgX, leading to using AgX as a photocatalytic material in biomedical applications. The use of AgX-based materials in photocatalytic fields can be classified into three categories: AgX (Ag/AgX), AgX composites, and supported AgX materials. In this review, we introduce recent developments made in biomedical applications and biosensing diagnostics of AgX (Ag/AgX) photocatalytic materials. In addition, this review also discusses the photocatalytic mechanism and applications of AgX (Ag/AgX) and supported AgX materials.
The Effects of Rf4 and the Genetic Mechanism Behind Fertility Restoration of Wild Abortive Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (WA-CMS) in Japonica Rice (Oryza sativa ssp. Japonica)
Authors: Zhang Honggen , Li Xixu , Xu Zuopeng , Zhao Xiangqiang , Wan Zihao , Cheng Xiaojun , Liu Qiaoquan , Gu Minghong , Tang Shuzhu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWild abortive-type cytoplasmic male sterility (WA-type CMS) has been exclusively used in hybrid seed production in indica rice cultivars, and fertility restoration in WA-type CMS is controlled by two major restorer genes, Rf3 and Rf4, through a sporophytic mechanism. However, the genetic mechanism underlying fertility restoration in WA-type CMS in japonica cultivars is poorly understood. In the present study, C418, a leading Chinsurah Boro II- (BT)-type japonica restorer line, showed partial restoration ability in WA-type japonica CMS lines. The 1:1 segregation ratio of partially fertile to sterile plants in a three-cross F1 population indicated that fertility restoration is controlled by one dominant gene. Gene mapping and sequencing results revealed that the target gene should be Rf4. The Rf4 gene restores fertility through a sporophytic mechanism, but the Rf4 pollen grains show a preferential fertilization in the testcross F1 plants. Furthermore, Rf4 was confirmed to have only a minor effect on fertility restoration in WA-type japonica CMS lines, and Rf gene dosage effects influenced the fertility restoration of WA-type CMS in japonica rice. The results of our study not only provide valuable insights into the complex genetic mechanisms underlying fertility restoration of WA-type CMS but will also facilitate the efficient utilization of WA-type CMS in japonica rice lines.