bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal Evolution and Magnetic History of Rocky Planets
Authors: Zhang Jisheng , Rogers Leslie A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We present a thermal evolution model coupled with a Henyey solver to study the circumstances under which a rocky planet could potentially host a dynamo in its liquid iron core and/or magma ocean. We calculate the evolution of planet thermal profiles by solving the energy-balance equations for both the mantle and the core. We use a modified mixing length theory to model the convective heat flow in both the magma ocean and solid mantle. In addition, by including the Henyey solver, we self-consistently account for adjustments in the interior structure and heating (cooling) due to planet contraction (expansion). We evaluate whether a dynamo can operate using the critical magnetic Reynolds number. We run simulations to explore how the planet mass (M
pl), core mass fraction (CMF), and equilibrium temperature (T
eq) affect the evolution and lifetime of possible dynamo sources. We find that the T
eq determines the solidification regime of the magma ocean, and only layers with melt fraction greater than a critical value of 0.4 may contribute to the dynamo source region in the magma ocean. We find that the mantle mass, determined by M
pl and CMF, controls the thermal isolating effect on the iron core. In addition, we show that the liquid core lasts longer with increasing planet mass. For a core thermal conductivity of 40 Wm−1 K−1, the lifetime of the dynamo in the iron core is limited by the lifetime of the liquid core for 1 M
⊕ planets and by the lack of thermal convection for 3 M
⊕ planets.
Revisiting the Circumnuclear X-Ray Emission of NGC 2992 in a Historically Low State
Authors: Xu 许 Xiaoyu 啸宇 , Wang Junfeng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The innermost region of the Seyfert galaxy NGC 2992 has long been suspected to be the location of intense AGN–host galaxy interaction, but photon pile up in previous high-resolution observations hampered the study of the soft X-ray excess and the interaction near its nucleus. We present an X-ray imaging and spectroscopic analysis of the circumnuclear (1″–3″) region of NGC 2992 using the zeroth-order image of a 135 ks grating observation obtained with Chandra, which captured the nucleus in a historically low flux state. Extended soft X-ray emission is detected in the circumnuclear region with an observed luminosity of L
X ∼ 7 × 1039 erg s−1. The majority of the previous, puzzling detection of soft excess could be associated with the outflow, indicated by the morphological correspondences between the soft X-ray emission and figure-eight-shaped radio bubbles. An anomalous narrow emission line with a centroid energy of ∼4.97 keV is found. If attributed to redshifted highly ionized iron emission (e.g., Fe xxv), the required outflow velocity is ∼0.23 c. An alternative explanation is that this line emission could be produced by the nuclear spallation of iron. We also find extended, asymmetric Fe Kα emission along the galactic disk, which could originate from reflection by cold gas on ∼200 pc scale.
Milky Way Zero-point Calibration of the JAGB Method: Using Thermally Pulsing AGB Stars in Galactic Open Clusters
Authors: Madore Barry F. , Freedman Wendy L. , Lee Abigail J. , Owens Kayla 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We present a new calibration of the J-band absolute magnitude of the JAGB method based on thermally pulsing AGB stars that are members of Milky Way open clusters, having distances and reddenings, independently compiled and published by Marigo. A total 17 of these photometrically selected J-Branch AGB stars give M

J
= −6.40 mag with a scatter of ±0.40 mag, and 1σ on the mean of ±0.10 mag. Combining the Milky Way field carbon star calibration of Lee with this determination gives a weighted average of M

J
(MW) = −6.19 ± 0.04 mag (error on the mean). This value is statistically indistinguishable from the value determined for this population of distance indicators in the LMC and SMC, giving further evidence that JAGB stars are extremely reliable distance indicators of high luminosity and universal applicability. Combining the zero-points for JAGB stars in these three systems, a value of M

J
= −6.20 ± 0.01 (stat) ±0.04 (sys) mag becomes our best current estimate of the JAGB zero-point and its associated errors. Finally, we note that no evidence is found for any statistically significant dependence of this zero-point on metallicity.
Synthetic Color–Magnitude Diagrams for the Globular Cluster 47 Tucanae
Authors: Zhou Tianxing , Whisnant Angelica , Gerasimov Roman , Burgasser Adam J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Globular clusters contain the largest coeval populations of stars in the Milky Way, making them prime targets for stellar evolution studies. We present new theoretical isochrones for the brightest monometallic globular cluster 47 Tucanae, based on the spectroscopic measurements of the chemical composition in literature. Calculated colors are compared to existing photometric observations with Advanced Camera for Surveys on the Hubble Space Telescope. We find that the adopted abundances are consistent with the blue tail of the observed color distribution, implying a possible systematic offset between spectroscopic and photometric abundances of globular clusters. Additionally, we make color–magnitude predictions for future observations with the Near Infrared Camera on the James Webb Space Telescope in bands corresponding to the ongoing observational campaigns.
Experimentação Pedagógica de um jogo de Tabuleiro no Auxílio ao Ensino de Contabilidade de Custos
Authors: Garcia Claudemir Aparecido da Silva , Neris Adalberto Pereira , Alves Sirlene Siqueira , Damasceno Eduardo Filgueiras 
Published: October 2022

O ensino de contabilidade é composto de técnicas de repasse de conhecimento focadas na evidenciação das leis em função da movimentação contábil das organizações. Sabendo disto, boa parte avanço do ensino se dá pela transmissão de experiência do docente contabilista e do aluno frente às exigências do mercado de trabalho. Há outros métodos de ensino de contabilidade tais como: aula expositiva, estudo de caso, seminários, discussão e debate. Este artigo pretende evidenciar o uso de uma abordagem inovadora de ensino, o ensino com auxílio de um jogo de tabuleiro, como forma de fixação do conteúdo no ensino de contabilidade de custos em auxílio aos métodos tradicionais. Para comprovar a hipótese de que este método tende a promover maior engajamento dos alunos e auxilia no ensino de contabilidade de custos. Para isso, foi realizado um estudo de caso em um grupo de 87 alunos graduandos em Contabilidade. A metodologia utilizada para a pesquisa foi o questionário aplicada antes e depois da experimentação. Assim, a validação está representada na análise dos dados que reforçam a eficácia do jogo de tabuleiro como estratégia de auxílio ao ensino de contabilidade de custos. Desta forma é possível concluir que por meio dos questionários houve evolução no auxílio ao ensino da disciplina de contabilidade de custos por meio do jogo de tabuleiro.
Avaliação do Produto Educacional Histórias em Quadrinhos no Processo de Ensino e Aprendizagem Jurídico: O Tribunal do Júri
Authors: Santiago Mayara Dos Santos , Freitas Renata Gomes de Abreu 
Published: October 2022

O produto educacional “Histórias em quadrinhos no processo de ensino e aprendizagem jurídico: o Tribunal do Júri” é uma sequência didática desenvolvida com a finalidade de trazer uma nova abordagem ao ensino e aprendizagem jurídicos, em especial ao tema Tribunal do Júri. Através do uso da metodologia ativa Storytelling os alunos criam narrativas que contemplam todas as etapas da primeira fase do Tribunal do Júri com desfecho pré-determinado pelo docente, e produzir uma história em quadrinhos para a segunda fase. O objetivo deste artigo foi trazer ao leitor os resultados da avaliação do produto educacional elaborado a partir da pesquisa realizada no mestrado profissional em Educação Profissional e Tecnológica, analisado por uma banca constituída por oito docentes. A pesquisa se caracteriza como de natureza básica, quanto aos procedimentos é descritiva, o questionário avaliativo foi desenvolvido na escala Likert, com questões e eixos temáticos, para análise dos dados foi utilizado o programa RStudio. O produto educacional foi aprovado pelos docentes em todos os quatro eixos, destacando-se como instrumento inovador ao processo de ensino e aprendizagem jurídico no tema Tribunal do Júri.
Didática de transição: a formação docente e o ensino remoto emergencial em tempos de pandemia
Authors: De Barros Patrícia Marcondes , Coelho Bianca , Camargos Heloísa , Lelis Inês Caroline , Júnior Marcelo Kloster 
Published: October 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar algumas reflexões sobre a formação docente, reverberadas através do projeto de extensão desenvolvido na Universidade Estadual de Londrina, na área de ensino, intitulado “O ensino de História no tempo presente - Devir Históri@”. O projeto tem como mote promover discussões e práticas relacionadas à formação docente em um momento de adequação às demandas contemporâneas com a crise generalizada ocasionada pela pandemia da Covid-19. A precarização do ensino público que se agrava neste contexto vem exigindo da área profundas reflexões sobre a necessidade de uma formação e de práticas de ensino que deem conta da complexidade e da diversidade que os docentes enfrentam atualmente no seu cotidiano escola.
Utilização de tecnologias na mediação do ensino e aprendizagem em aulas não presenciais na era do coronavírus: vivências na educação superior em Blumenau nos cursos de Artes Visuais e Moda
Authors: Moreira Roseli Kietzer , Vieira Francisco Ponciano , Bona Rafael Jose 
Published: October 2022

O texto tem por objetivo relatar as ações adotadas pelas disciplinas práticas dos cursos de Artes Visuais e Moda ofertadas no primeiro semestre de 2020 de uma universidade da cidade de Blumenau, que diante de informações de protocolos e procedimentos emitidos por Notas Oficiais pela própria instituição, respaldadas em Decretos governamentais que tratavam da pandemia e isolamento social desencadeados pelo Covid-19, tiveram que adaptar as suas estratégias pedagógicas presenciais para o ensino remoto, e assim prosseguirem com o semestre letivo. Uma das condições era encontrar ferramentas possíveis e viáveis que pudessem contribuir para o ensino e aprendizagem on-line durante o período da pandemia. O artigo relata essa vivência com aulas à distância e as soluções encontradas pelos professores para atuarem em suas disciplinas presenciais e práticas em mecanismos on-line. O resultado demonstra as adequações realizadas e as soluções possíveis durante este período de isolamento contra o coronavírus.
Estudantes surdos no ensino técnico e superior: uma análise da produção bibliográfica no Brasil entre 2015 e 2019
Authors: Ferreira Rita de Cassia Cunha 
Published: October 2022

Esta pesquisa apresenta os resultados de um levantamento quantitativo descritivo da produção bibliográfica dos últimos cinco anos (2015-2019) sobre o acesso e permanência de estudantes surdos no nível técnico e ensino superior no Brasil. A coleta foi realizada na plataforma Google Scholar e resultou em um conjunto de 24 trabalhos entre teses, dissertações, artigos científicos e glossários técnicos. O material foi organizado em tabelas com informações referentes ao ano de produção, autor, modalidade, tipologia e área de concentração. Foram identificadas quatro categorias de pesquisas: 1) os que tratam de aspecto legais que favorecem a acessibilidade de estudantes surdos ao ensino superior e profissionalizante; 2) estudos de caso, que se estruturam, na maioria das vezes, por entrevistas e que visam identificar as narrativas e demandas dos próprios alunos surdos em suas trajetórias escolares; 3) trabalhos que ampliam a concepção de inclusão para além da sala de aula, como adequação ao ensino à distância e sistemas informacionais, assim como a elaboração de glossários técnicos; e 4) reflexões sobre os limites da prática do intérprete de Libras e da atuação docente como avaliação e estratégias de ensino. Os resultados mostraram que houve um expressivo crescimento de trabalhos sobre o tema nos últimos cinco anos; no entanto, a produção acadêmica ainda é restrita, e sua discussão é de extrema relevância.
APRIL Drives a Coordinated but Diverse Response as a Foundation for Plasma Cell Longevity
Authors: Stephenson Sophie , Care Matthew A , Doody Gina M , Tooze Reuben M 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Ab-secreting cells survive in niche microenvironments, but cellular responses driven by particular niche signals are incompletely defined. The TNF superfamily member a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) can support the maturation of transitory plasmablasts into long-lived plasma cells. In this study, we explore the biological programs established by APRIL in human plasmablasts. Under conditions allowing the maturation of ex vivo– or in vitro–generated plasmablasts, we find that APRIL drives activation of ERK, p38, and JNK, accompanied by a classical NF-κB response and activation of the AKT/FOXO1 pathway. Time-course gene expression data resolve coordinated transcriptional responses propagated via immediate early genes and NF-κB targets and converging onto modules of genes enriched for MYC targets and metabolism/cell growth–related pathways. This response is shared between APRIL and an alternate TNF superfamily member CD40L but is not a feature of alternative niche signals delivered by IFN-α or SDF1. However, APRIL and CD40L responses also diverge. CD40L drives expression of genes related to the activated B cell state whereas APRIL does not. Thus, APRIL establishes a broad foundation for plasma cell longevity with features of cellular refueling while being uncoupled from support of the B cell state.
Engineering Human MAIT Cells with Chimeric Antigen Receptors for Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Dogan Mikail , Karhan Ece , Kozhaya Lina , Placek Lindsey , Chen Xin , Yigit Mesut , Unutmaz Derya 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Engineering immune cells with chimeric Ag receptors (CARs) is a promising technology in cancer immunotherapy. Besides classical cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, innate cell types such as NK cells have also been used to generate CAR-T or CAR-NK cells. In this study, we devised an approach to program a nonclassical cytotoxic T cell subset called mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells into effective CAR-T cells against B cell lymphoma and breast cancer cells. Accordingly, we expressed anti-CD19 and anti-Her2 CARs in activated primary human MAIT cells and CD8+ T cells, expanded them in vitro, and compared their cytotoxicity against tumor cell targets. We show upon activation through CARs that CAR-MAIT cells exhibit high levels of cytotoxicity toward target cells, comparable to CD8+ CAR-T cells, but interestingly expressed lower levels of IFN-γ than conventional CAR CD8+ T cells. Additionally, in the presence of vitamin B2 metabolite 5-ARU (5-amino-4-d-ribitylaminouracil dihydrochloride), which is a conserved compound that activates MAIT cells through MHC class I–related (MR1) protein, MAIT cells killed MR1-expressing target breast cancer and B cell lymphoma cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, MAIT cells can be genetically edited as CAR-T cells or mobilized and expanded by MR1 ligands as an off-the-shelf novel approach to cell-based cancer immunotherapy strategies while being comparable to conventional methods in effectivity.
Delta-like 4–Derived Notch Signals Differentially Regulate Thymic Generation of Skin-Homing CCR10+NK1.1+ Innate Lymphoid Cells at Neonatal and Adult Stages
Authors: Song Eun Hyeon , Xu Ming , Yang Jie , Xiao Yangming , Griffith Ann V , Xiong Na 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The thymus is a primary lymphoid organ for T cell development. Increasing evidence found that the thymus is also an important site for development of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). ILCs generated in thymi acquire unique homing properties that direct their localization into barrier tissues such as the skin and intestine, where they help local homeostasis. Mechanisms underlying the developmental programming of unique tissue-homing properties of ILCs are poorly understood. We report in this article that thymic stroma-derived Notch signaling is differentially involved in thymic generation of a population of NK1.1+ group 1 ILCs (ILC1s) with the CCR10+ skin-homing property in adult and neonatal mice. We found that thymic generation of CCR10+NK1.1+ ILC1s is increased in T cell–deficient mice at adult, but not neonatal, stages, supporting the notion that a large number of developing T cells interfere with signals required for generation of CCR10+NK1.1+ ILC1s. In an in vitro differentiation assay, increasing Notch signals promotes generation of CCR10+NK1.1+ ILC1s from hematopoietic progenitors. Knockout of the Notch ligand Delta-like 4 in thymic stroma impairs generation of CCR10+NK1.1+ ILC1s in adult thymi, but development of CCR10+NK1.1+ ILC1s in neonatal thymi is less dependent on Delta-like 4–derived Notch signals. Mechanistically, the Notch signaling is required for proper expression of the IL-7R CD127 on thymic NK1.1+ ILC1s, and deficiency of CD127 also impairs thymic generation of CCR10+NK1.1+ ILC1s at adult, but not perinatal, stages. Our findings advanced understanding of regulatory mechanisms of thymic innate lymphocyte development.
CRISPR Activation Screening Identifies VGLL3–TEAD1–RUNX1/3 as a Transcriptional Complex for PD-L1 Expression
Authors: Wijdeven Ruud H , Cabukusta Birol , Behr Felix M , Qiu Xueer , Amiri Deeba , Borras Daniel M , Arens Ramon , Liang Yun , Neefjes Jacques 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The PD-L1/2–PD-1 immune checkpoint is essential for the proper induction of peripheral tolerance and limits autoimmunity, whereas tumor cells exploit their expression to promote immune evasion. Many different cell types express PD-L1/2, either constitutively or upon stimulation, but the factors driving this expression are often poorly defined. In this study, using genome-wide CRISPR activation screening, we identified three factors that upregulate PD-L1 expression: GATA2, MBD6, and transcription cofactor vestigial-like protein 3 (VGLL3). VGLL3 acts as a transcriptional regulator, and its expression induced PD-L1 in many different cell types. Conversely, loss of VGLL3 impaired IFN-γ–induced PD-L1/2 expression in human keratinocytes. Mechanistically, by performing a second screen to identify proteins acting in concert with VGLL3, we found that VGLL3 forms a complex with TEAD1 and RUNX1/3 to drive expression of PD-L1/2. Collectively, our work identified a new transcriptional complex controlling PD-L1/2 expression and suggests that VGLL3, in addition to its known role in the expression of proinflammatory genes, can balance inflammation by upregulating the anti-inflammatory factors PD-L1 and PD-L2.
Detection of Low-Frequency Epitope-Specific T Cells in Blood of Healthy Individuals according to an Optimized In Vitro Amplification System
Authors: Mahajan Shweta , Kortleve Dian , Debets Reno , Hammerl Dora 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Detection and amplification of epitope-specific T cells hold great promise for diagnosis and therapy of cancer patients. Currently, measurement and retrieval of epitope-specific T cells is hampered by limited availability of patients’ biomaterials and lack of sensitive and easy-to-implement T cell priming and expansion. We have developed an in vitro T cell amplification system starting from healthy donor blood and tested different subsets and ratios of autologous T cells and APCs as well as the resting period between amplification cycles. We demonstrated in 10 different donors significantly enhanced frequency of T cells specific for MelanA/HLA-A2, which relied on coculturing of naive T cells and CD11c+ dendritic cells in a 1:1 ratio followed by three weekly amplification cycles using the effluent of the naive T cell sort as APCs, a 24-h rest period prior to every reamplification cycle, and IFN-γ production as a readout for epitope-specific T cells. Using this system, MelanA/HLA-A2–specific T cells were enriched by 200-fold, measuring up to 20–60% of all T cells. We extended this system to enrich NY-ESO-1/HLA-A2– and BMLF-1/HLA-A2–specific T cells, examples of a cancer germline Ag and an oncoviral Ag differing in their ability to bind to HLA-A2 and the presence of specific T cells in the naive and, in case of BMLF-1, also the Ag-experienced repertoire. Collectively, we have developed a sensitive and easy-to-implement in vitro T cell amplification method to enrich epitope-specific T cells that is expected to facilitate research and clinical utility regarding T cell diagnosis and treatments.
The Transcription Factor YY-1 Is an Essential Regulator of T Follicular Helper Cell Differentiation
Authors: Bélanger Simon , Haupt Sonya , Freeman Brian L , Getzler Adam J , Diao Huitian , Pipkin Matthew E , Crotty Shane 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
T follicular helper (TFH) cells are a specialized subset of CD4 T cells that deliver critical help signals to B cells for the production of high-affinity Abs. Understanding the genetic program regulating TFH differentiation is critical if one wants to manipulate TFH cells during vaccination. A large number of transcription factor (TFs) involved in the regulation of TFH differentiation have been characterized. However, there are likely additional unknown TFs required for this process. To identify new TFs, we screened a large short hairpin RNA library targeting 353 TFs in mice using an in vivo RNA interference screen. Yin Yang 1 (YY-1) was identified as a novel positive regulator of TFH differentiation. Ablation of YY-1 severely impaired TFH differentiation following acute viral infection and protein immunization. We found that the zinc fingers of YY-1 are critical to support TFH differentiation. Thus, we discovered a novel TF involved in the regulation of TFH cells.
MCP-Induced Protein 1 Participates in Macrophage-Dependent Endotoxin Tolerance
Authors: Wadowska Marta , Dobosz Ewelina , Golda Anna , Bryzek Danuta , Lech Maciej , Fu Mingui , Koziel Joanna 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Endotoxin tolerance is a state of hyporesponsiveness to LPS, triggered by previous exposure to endotoxin. Such an immunosuppressive state enhances the risks of secondary infection and has been associated with the pathophysiology of sepsis. Although this phenomenon has been extensively studied, its molecular mechanism is not fully explained. Among candidates that play a crucial role in this process are negative regulators of TLR signaling, but the contribution of MCP-induced protein 1 (MCPIP1; Regnase-1) has not been studied yet. To examine whether macrophage expression of MCPIP1 participates in endotoxin tolerance, we used both murine and human primary macrophages devoid of MCPIP1 expression. In our study, we demonstrated that MCPIP1 contributes to LPS hyporesponsiveness induced by subsequent LPS stimulation and macrophage reprogramming. We proved that this mechanism revolves around the deubiquitinase activity of MCPIP1, which inhibits the phosphorylation of MAPK and NF-κB activation. Moreover, we showed that MCPIP1 controlled the level of proinflammatory transcripts in LPS-tolerized cells independently of its RNase activity. Finally, we confirmed these findings applying an in vivo endotoxin tolerance model in wild-type and myeloid MCPIP1–deficient mice. Taken together, this study describes for the first time, to our knowledge, that myeloid MCPIP1 participates in endotoxin tolerance and broadens the scope of known negative regulators of the TLR4 pathway crucial in this phenomenon.