bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations of serum lipid level with risk of gastric cancer: A longitudinal study over 8 years
Authors: Li Jing , Li Siyu , Zhang Desheng , Yang Jingli , Chen Yarong , Hu Yujia , Xu Lulu , Zhang Lizhen , Wang Zhongge , Chen Ruirui , Bai Yana , Cheng Zhiyuan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose The association of lipid metabolism linked the risk of gastric cancer (GC) was widely debated. We aimed to explore the longitudinal associations between total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) with the incident risk of GC.
Methods The serum lipids were quarterly stratified based on the distribution of GC-free populations. The Cox proportional hazard models and restricted cubic spline models were applied to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and dose-response association of GC under different sub-analyses. The interactions of serum lipids on GC incidence were tested by generalized additive models.
Results After average 7.2±1.2 years follow-up, 248 primary GCincident cases were collected among 45,642 cancer-free baseline individuals.In total population, the hazard risks (HRs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) of TG (HR=1.53, 95% CI: 1.02-2.29) and LDL-C (HR=2.21, 95% CI: 1.51-3.24) were significantly increased when the Q4 stratum compared with Q1. While decreased HR was found in the Q4 stratum of HDL-C (HR=0.42, 95% CI: 0.26-0.67). Further sub-analyses testified these associations in males solely. The highest GC incident risk was plainly visible when both HDL-C and LDL-C were abnormal (HR=5.38, 95% CI: 3.43-8.45), followed by excess TG and hypo-HDL-C group (HR=2.75, 95% CI: 1.89-4.00) and excess TG and LDL-C group (HR=2.55, 95% CI: 1.78- 3.64) compared with normal lipid group.
Conclusion Lipid metabolism abnormalities could be important risk factors for GC. Additionally, a combination of any abnormalities among TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C would interactively elevate the incidence risk of GC.
Superconducting Characteristics of a Carbon/N-Alkane Mixture above Room Temperature
Authors: Kawashima Yasushi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The search for superconductors with higher critical temperatures is an important research topic. Currently, superconductivity above room temperature (20°C) has only been observed under very high pressures (above 200 GPa). In this study, the resistance of a pitch-based carbon fiber/n-alkane (n-CkH2k+2, k = 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, and 16) mixture in a heated Teflon tube was measured using a two-terminal measurement system to confirm the presence of a superconducting phase at temperatures above room temperature and at ambient pressure. The results showed that the resistance suddenly increased at temperatures between 367.77 and 504.24 K (Tincrease) and that the amount of change in resistance at Tincrease varied by two orders of magnitude between the samples. Measurements and calculations showed that n-alkanes did not reach their boiling point at Tincrease, indicating that this rapid increase in resistance was a property of the mixture. The extremely large range of resistance of the mixture above Tincrease was due to the variation in the aspect ratios of the pitch-based carbon fibers inserted into the Teflon tubes. However, these large variations were not observed at temperatures below Tincrease, suggesting that n-alkanes dramatically reduce the resistance of the mixture at temperatures below Tincrease. The sudden increase in resistance at Tincrease and the alkane effect support the hypothesis that Tincrease is the critical temperature for superconductivity and indicates the existence of superconductors with critical temperatures above 500 K at ambient pressure.
An Investigation of a Determined Statistic About the Rushdiye Schools Existing in the Ottoman State Between 1889-1890
Authors: MENEKŞE Metin 
Published: September 2022

The innovation movements that started to be seen in the Ottoman State since the 18th century were developed with the radical reforms carried out during the reigns of Sultan Selim III (1789-1807) and Sultan Mahmud II (1808-1839). These innovation movements reached an important level in the axis of modernization with the declaration of the Tanzimat Edict dated November 3, 1839, which was declared during the reign of Sultan Abdülmecid (1839-1861). While primary education was made compulsory during the reign of Sultan 2nd Mahmud, Rushdiye Schools were opened to train civil servants for state levels and to fill the gap between primary (sıbyân) and military schools. The first boys' Rushdiye School was opened in Istanbul in 1847, and then Rushdiye schools were tried to be opened in the provincials. After a while, the number of Rushdiye schools increased with the opening of the girls' Rushdiyes and the inclusion of Christian children in the Rushdiye schools. Finally, rushdiyes, continued their official status until 1913, were opened in almost every corner of the empire and played an important role in the spread of modern education.
In this study, a statistics of the years 1889-1890 are emphasized. In this statistic, which was determined in the Ottoman Archives, the distribution of their to administrative units and numbers of the rushdiyes, which were available throughout the country in the years 1889-1890, are given in detail. Rushdiye schools, which provide education in Istanbul and the provincials, were evaluated separately as girls' and boys' schools. This statistic was thought to be important in order to see the all numbers of Rushdiye Schools in 1889-1890 and to determine how many Rushdiye Schools students were active in which administrative unit, and it was tried to be evaluated in this study.
Islahiye District in the Ottoman Provincial Yearbooks from its Establishment to the Early 20th Century (1865-1902)
Authors: KARLANGIÇ Osman 
Published: September 2022

In the civil administration, the place under the administration of the district governor is called a kaza(district). Islahiye District was established in 1865 on historical routes that connected countries in ancient times. This new district emerged as a result of the resettlement activities of the Fırka-i Islahiye. While it was affiliated to the Maraş Sanjak since its establishment, it was included in the borders of the newly established Cebel-i Bereket Sanjak in 1879. This change in administrative structure is due to security concerns. The district used to have two districts and two sub-districts. In 1868, the number of neighborhoods increased to three and the number of sub-districts to six. Its neighborhoods are Delikanlu, Çelikanlı and Çerkes. Its districts are Okçu İzzeddinlü, Şıhlar, Keferdiz, Karayiğitli, Delikanlu and Çelikhanlı. The village names of İslahiye District can also be determined from the yearbooks. Over time, the number of villages increased from 60 to 68. The names of state institutions and employees in İslahiye are also included in the provincial yearbooks.
The mountainous parts of İslahiye are covered with forests and the flat areas are a wide plain. There was a river called Karasu in the district, a leech lake in Keller (Fevzipaşa), and a hot spring in the Karayiğitli township. Barracks, mosques, schools, shops, mills, bakeries and coffeehouses were built in the newly created district. In the mentioned settlement, the Muslim population is around 97% and the rate of non-Muslims is less than 3%. Although the tribes of Fırka-i Islahiye were settled, it is understood that the tribes of Delikanlu and Çelikanlı in İslahiye had difficulties in adopting a settled life. The state tried to tie them to the land with permanent residences. There were shrines of Muslim people in the town. Especially the tomb of Hz Ukkaşe, who is a companion, is important. Carpets, rugs, prayer rugs, sackcloth, timber, oil and tar produced in Islahiye District were sold to the surrounding cities. The tribes kept a large number of cattle. Various cereals were grown in Islahiye, which has a fertile plain. However, agricultural production could not be reached to the desired point. Rice, wheat, barley etc. products could only meet local needs. The leech extracted from the small lake in Keller was sold in the surrounding cities.
Prevention and treatment of drip emitter clogging: a review of various innovative methods
Authors: Ramachandrula Venkata Ramamohan , Kasa Ramamohan Reddy 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Various new and innovative methods of prevention and treatment of emitter clogging were demonstrated by researchers in recent years. A total of nine such innovative approaches were reviewed, classifying them under three broad categories, viz., physical, chemical and biological methods. Though flushing of laterals is a known method, it was found that increasing its frequency and at higher pressures improved the emission rate and uniformity of the emitters significantly. When Treated Waste Water (TWW) is used for irrigation, flushing with fresh water after every five irrigations effectively removed the emitter clogging. Among the various physical methods reviewed, use of MERUS ring, application of pulsating pressure with triangular wavefront and ultrasound treatment were found to be effective in removing composite clogging problem in drip emitters. Among the chemical methods, fertigation using urea phosphate (UP) at low concentrations for longer periods reduced the pH of irrigation water and contributed to the removal of chemical precipitates from the lateral pipes and emitters. Use of antagonist Bacillus bacterial strains helped in removing not only CaCO3 precipitation but also biofouling due to the use of TWW in the drip systems. However, this method needs to be further developed and optimized for its effectiveness and replicability.
Synergy Potential of Ursolic Acid-Based Hybrid Molecules
Authors: Upadhyay Harish C. , Mishra Krishna N. , Singh Sonam , Sanket Swaroop , Kumar Manoj , Yashmeen Umme , Kant Rajni , Dwivedi Gaurav R. 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Ursolic acid (UA, 3β-hydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid), a pentacyclic triterpenoid from various medicinal plants, has been blessed with proven biological effects, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic, antioxidant and antibacterial, but its bioavailability and solubility limit its clinical application.

Objective:
Synthesis of UA-based hybrid molecules to explore their antibacterial and synergy potential in combination with azithromycin (AZT) for the treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections.

Methods:
Hybrid molecules of UA with menthol, eugenol, and nalidixic acid (NAL) along with some other ester derivatives were synthesized, and evaluated for their antibacterial and synergy potential in combination with AZT against the clinical isolate of Escherichia coli in terms of their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), fold reduction in MIC, fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) and type of interaction. In silico screening of pharmacokinetic parameters, docking affinity against efflux pump proteins AcrA, AcrB, and TolC was performed on the most potent derivative 7 (3-O-nalidixoyl UA).

Results:
Derivative 7 showed MIC of 62.5 µg/mL and a strong synergistic effect with AZT reducing the MIC of AZT from 100 to 0.19 µg/mL (512-fold reduction) against E. coli at a concentration of 12.5 µg/mL. Other derivatives neither showed antibacterial activity of their own (MIC > 1000 µg/mL) nor any significant synergistic interaction in combination with AZT. The in silico studies on 7 revealed improved druggability parameters over the parent UA and NAL.

Conclusion:
The findings highlight derivative 7 as strong synergistic agent in combination with AZT which may be further investigated to render its efficient use for the treatment of MDR bacterial infections.
Three Class Classification of Alzheimer’s Disease Using Deep Neural
Networks
Authors: Kapdi Rupal A. , Shah Deep R. , Patel Jigna S. , Patel Jitali 
Published: September 2022

Abstract:
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is prevalent dementia that can cause neurological brain disorders, poor decision making, impaired memory, mood swings, unstable emotions, and personality change. Deep neural networks are proficient in classifying Alzheimer's disease based on MRI images. This classification assists human experts in diagnosing AD and predicts its future progression. The paper proposes various Deep Neural Networks (DNN) for early AD detection to save cost and time for doctors, radiologists, and caregivers. A 3330-image-based Kaggle dataset is used to train the DNN, including 52 images of AD, 717 images of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), and the remaining images of Cognitive Normal (CN). Stratified partitioning splits the dataset into 80% and 20% proportions for training and validation datasets. Proposed models include DenseNet169, DenseNet201, and ResNet152 DNNs with additional three fully-connected layers and softmax and Kullback Leibler Divergence (KLD) loss function. These models are trained considering pre-trained, partially pre-trained, and fully re-trained extended base models. The KLD loss function reduces the error and increases accuracy for all models. The partially pre-trained DenseNet201 model outperformed all the other models. DenseNet201 gives the highest accuracy of 99.98% for training, 99.07% for validation, and 95.66% for test datasets. The DenseNet201 model has the highest accuracy in comparison to other state-of-art-methods.
Jordanian Nurses’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Willingness to Provide Care to Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Hamdan Khaldoun M. , Zahran Zainab , Al-Bashaireh Ahmad M. , Khraisat Omar M. , Albqoor Maha Alkaid , Shaheen Abeer M. 
Published: September 2022

Background:
previous studies showed that nurses reported inadequate knowledge of the risks and protective strategies in dealing with infectious diseases. Additionally, nurses reported a lack of willingness to care for patients with infectious diseases.

Purpose:
To examine Jordanian nurses’ knowledge and attitudes and their willingness to provide care for patients with COVID-19.

Design and Methods:
Correlational cross-sectional design with convenience sampling was used to collect data through an online self-administered questionnaire from 347 Jordanian nurses working at hospitals.

Results:
The study results showed that about 56% of the nurses reported having the experience of treating or providing care to confirmed or suspected COVID-19 patients, and 71.8% expressed their willingness to provide care for them. Only 55% of the nurses reported finishing a training program about COVID-19. Job title, type of hospital, and experience in treating or caring for patients with COVID-19 were predictors of nurses’ willingness to provide care.

Conclusion:
Jordanian nurses reported gaps in their knowledge about COVID-19 related to using personal protective equipment and fear of transmitting the disease to family members. Nurses also reported a moderate level of attitude toward hand hygiene and the use of personal protective equipment; however, most of the nurses reported willingness to provide care for COVID-19 patients.
Opioid-free Anesthesia for Laparoscopic Gastroplasty. A Prospective and Randomized Trial
Authors: Menck Juliana Thomaz , Tenório Sergio Bernardo , de Oliveira Rohnelt Machado , Strobel Rodrigo , dos Santos Bruna Bastiani , Junior Armando Ferreira Fonseca , de Cesaro Marcelo Pedrotti 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Opioid-free anesthesia (OFA) has gained popularity in recent years due to concerns about the abusive use of this drug but also due to the potential benefits of OFA for pain control and decreased side effects.

Objectives:
This trial aimed to study whether opioid-free anesthesia (OFA) benefits patients submitted to laparoscopic gastroplasty compared to anesthesia with fentanyl. The primary objective was to measure pain score and morphine use for rescue analgesia. The secondary objective was to evaluate the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and oxygen desaturation.

Methods:
Patients undergoing gastroplasty were randomized to receive general anesthesia with fentanyl (n = 30) or OFA (n = 30) according to a predefined protocol. They were assessed for pain using a verbal numerical scale (VNS), morphine consumption and PONV in the post-anesthesia care unit and on the first day after surgery. Besides, oxygen desaturation during the immediate postoperative period was also recorded. The study was blinded to the surgeon and postoperative evaluators.

Results:
The groups were comparable for all demographic data analyzed. A significance level of 5% was used, and no differences were found in the variables studied.

Conclusion:
The specific OFA protocol presented in this trial was safe and effective. However, this study did not find any benefit in using it compared with fentanyl anesthesia in videolaparoscopic gastroplasties.
Optimized Informed Consent for Psychotherapy: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Gerke Leonie , Ladwig Sönke , Pauls Franz , Trachsel Manuel , Härter Martin , Nestoriuc Yvonne 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundInformed consent is a legal and ethical prerequisite for psychotherapy. However, in clinical practice, consistent strategies to obtain informed consent are scarce. Inconsistencies exist regarding the overall validity of informed consent for psychotherapy as well as the disclosure of potential mechanisms and negative effects, the latter posing a moral dilemma between patient autonomy and nonmaleficence.ObjectiveThis protocol describes a randomized controlled web-based trial aiming to investigate the efficacy of a one-session optimized informed consent consultation.MethodsThe optimized informed consent consultation was developed to provide information on the setting, efficacy, mechanisms, and negative effects via expectation management and shared decision-making techniques. A total of 122 participants with an indication for psychotherapy will be recruited. Participants will take part in a baseline assessment, including a structured clinical interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-fifth edition (DSM-5) disorders. Eligible participants will be randomly assigned either to a control group receiving an information brochure about psychotherapy as treatment as usual (n=61) or to an intervention group receiving treatment as usual and the optimized informed consent consultation (n=61). Potential treatment effects will be measured after the treatment via interview and patient self-report and at 2 weeks and 3 months follow-up via web-based questionnaires. Treatment expectation is the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes include the capacity to consent, decisional conflict, autonomous treatment motivation, adherence intention, and side-effect expectations.ResultsThis trial received a positive ethics vote by the local ethics committee of the Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University-Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany on April 1, 2021, and was prospectively registered on June 17, 2021. The first participant was enrolled in the study on August 5, 2021. We expect to complete data collection in December 2022. After data analysis within the first quarter of 2023, the results will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals in summer 2023.ConclusionsIf effective, the optimized informed consent consultation might not only constitute an innovative clinical tool to meet the ethical and legal obligations of informed consent but also strengthen the contributing factors of psychotherapy outcome, while minimizing nocebo effects and fostering shared decision-making.Trial RegistrationPsychArchives; http://dx.doi.org/10.23668/psycharchives.4929International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)DERR1-10.2196/39843
Enhancement Peripheral Regeneration as a Target of Potential Diabetic Neuropathy Treatment from Lumbricus rubellus Fraction DLBS1033N: the role of cell viability and migration
Authors: Hartanti Yesiska Kristina , Nugroho Agung Endro , Tjandrawinata Raymond Rubianto 
Published: September 2022

Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) significantly affects the quality of life with no definitive therapy currently. Given the pathologic basis for DPN treatment, it's critical to promote neuron regeneration while also restricting nerve degeneration. Schwann cells that play pivotal roles against peripheral regeneration manifest cell proliferation and survival inhibition in diabetic patients consecutively decreased peripheral regeneration capacity. DLBS1033N, a protein hydrolysate obtained from Lumbricus rubellus, has been confirmed to promote Schwann cell line RSC96 growth and survival by induction Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) expression via phosphatidylinositol-3‑kinase (PI3K) pathway. This pathway has an important contribution against Schwann cell proliferation and migration. Herein, the contribution of DLBS1033N to peripheral regeneration on high-glucose (50mM)-induced rat Schwann cell line RSC96 injury, a well-known DPN in vitro cell model. RSC96 were treated with high glucose (50mM) with or without DLBS1033N 25, 50, and 100μg/mL for 24, 48, and 72 h. MTS assay kit were used to evaluate cell viability. DLBS1033N significantly improved cell proliferation in 48 h incubation time with a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). Furthermore, DLBS1033N 100μg/ml significantly promoted cell migration by 16% in 48 H incubation (p < 0.05) determined by scratch assay, as the beneficial action to accomplish peripheral regeneration. In conclusion, DLBS1033N enhanced peripheral regeneration which could be used as an effective and promising DPN treatment.
Critical Criminology: Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Chao Yu-Hsuan 
Published: September 2022

Crime problems have drawn more and more attention in recent years, with criminological theories widely developed. Critical criminology is perhaps the most controversial and ambitious among those theories because it abandons the state's definition of crime, demonstrates the injustice of society, and tries to address crime problems (or social harm) more comprehensively. Meanwhile, its radical position attracts criticisms, such as ignoring real victimisation.
The essay aims to explore the past, present, and future of critical criminology and explain why society requires such a critical voice. First, it introduces the origin and development of critical criminology. Then, through two current examples - the war on terror and COVID-19, it illustrates the critical perspective's value of comprehensiveness and independence, especially compared to mainstream criminology. Lastly, it indicates the challenges and how critical criminology could develop in the future to pursue its goal - real equality and justice.
SIMPLIFIED HAMILTONIAN-BASED FREQUENCY-AMPLITUDE FORMULATION FOR NONLINEAR VIBRATION SYSTEMS
Authors: Ma Hongjin 
Published: September 2022

The Hamiltonian-based frequency formulation has been hailed as an unprecedented success for it gives a straightforward insight into a complex nonlinear vibration system with simple calculation. This paper gives a systematical analysis of the formulation, and two simplified formulations are suggested. The cubic-quintic Duffing oscillator is used as an example to show extremely simple calculation and remarkable accuracy. It can be used as a paradigm for many other applications, and the one-step solving process has cleaned up the road of the nonlinear vibration theory.
$\lambda$-CONSTACYCLIC CODES OVER FINITE KRASNER HYPERFIELDS
Authors: Al Tahan Madeleine , Davvaz Bijan 
Published: September 2022

The class of constacyclic codes plays an important role in the theory or error-correcting codes. They are considered as a remarkable generalization of cyclic codes. In this paper, we study constacyclic codes over finite Krasner hyperfields in which we characterize them by their generating polynomial. Moreover, we study the dual of these codes by finding their parity check polynomial.