bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health Care Professionals’ Perspectives on the Utilisation of a Remote Surveillance and Care Tool for Patients With COVID-19 in General Practice: a Qualitative Study
Authors: Hoffmann Mariell , Stengel Sandra , Szecsenyi Joachim , Peters-Klimm Frank 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
BackgroundMost COVID-19 patients with severe symptoms are treated in hospitals. General practices are responsible for assessing most ambulatory patients. However, they face several challenges managing COVID-19 patients and those with non-COVID-19 conditions. To support general practices and early identify severe courses, in April 2020 we designed a software tool for the structured surveillance of high-risk home-quarantined COVID-19 patients in general practice (CovidCare) including several telephone monitorings. This study presents the qualitative results of a mixed-methods process evaluation study on CovidCare. MethodsIn a qualitative process evaluation study conducted between March and May 2021, we explored the perspectives of seven general practitioners (GPs) and twelve VERAHs (medical care assistants with special training) on CovidCare using semi-structured interviews based on the RE-AIM framework (reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, maintenance). We used deductive qualitative content analysis employing the RE-AIM framework to assess the utilization and implementation of CovidCare. ResultsOverall, most health care professionals were satisfied with CovidCare. They highlighted 1) a good orientation for the management of COVID-19 patients especially due to a high level of uncertainty at the beginning of the pandemic, 2) the possibility to gain new knowledge and 3) the structured data collection as facilitators for the implementation of CovidCare. Moreover, CovidCare reduced the workload for GPs while some VERAHs perceived a higher workload as they were responsible for large parts of the CovidCare management. However, CovidCare positively affected the VERAHs’ job satisfaction as most patients provided positive feedback and felt less anxious about coping with their disease. Previous experience with the software and an easy integration into daily practice were considered to be crucial utilisation drivers. Time and personnel resources were identified as main barriers. Participants suggested a less comprehensive version of CovidCare, the expansion of inclusion criteria as well as an app for the patients’ self-management to further improve CovidCare.ConclusionThe COVID-19 surveillance and care tool for COVID-19 patients with increased risk was perceived as useful by GPs and VERAHs. Supportive remote health care tools such as CovidCare are a viable means to maintain a comprehensive and continuous health care during a pandemic and may strengthen the primary care system.Trial registrationGerman Clinical Trials Register DRKS00022054; date of registration: 02/06/2020; https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00022054
Modeling Protein-Ligand Interactions with Graph Convolutional Networks for Interpretable Pharmaceutical Discovery
Authors: Puentes Paola Ruiz , Rueda-Gensini Laura , Valderrama Natalia , Hernández Isabela , González Cristina , Daza Laura , Muñoz-Camargo Carolina , Cruz Juan C , Arbelaéz Pablo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Drug Discovery is an active research area that demands great investments and generates low returns due to its inherent complexity and great costs. To identify potential therapeutic candidates more effectively, we propose Protein-Ligand with Adversarial augmentations Network (PLA-Net), a Deep Learning-based approach to predict Protein-Ligand Interactions (PLI). PLA-Net consists of a two-module Deep Graph Convolutional Network that considers ligands’ and targets’ most relevant chemical information, successfully combining them to find their binding capability. Moreover, we generate adversarial data augmentations that preserve relevant biological backgrounds and improve the interpretability of our model, highlighting the relevant substructures of the ligands reported to interact with the protein targets. Our experiments demonstrate that the joint Ligand-Target information and the adversarial augmentations significantly increase the interaction prediction performance. PLA-Net achieves 86.52% in mean Average Precision for 102 target proteins with perfect performance for 30 of them, in a curated version of Actives as Decoys (AD) dataset. Lastly, we accurately predict pharmacologically-relevant molecules when screening the ligands of ChEMBL and Drug Repurposing Hub datasets with the perfect-scoring targets.
A Biomechanical Analysis of Dumbbell Curl and Investigation of the Effects of Increasing Loads on Biceps Brachii Using A Finite Element Model
Authors: Serbest Kasim 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Dumbbell curl is one of the most important strengthening exercises for the upper extremity. This exercise trains especially biceps brachii. Exercise load is increased to achieve more muscle strength for the biceps brachii. Researchers are usually focused on electromyography (EMG) in order to examine the effects of load increasing on muscle contraction. However, only the muscle force can be predicted with EMG measurement. Structural analysis of the muscles cannot be performed. In this study, the effects of load increasing on biceps brachii were investigated by mechanical analysis. The inverse dynamic model was simulated according to the motion analysis of dumbbell curl exercises performed with 6 kg and 10.7 kg. The muscle force of the biceps brachii was calculated from the elbow joint reaction moment. A simplified finite element model of biceps brachii was created and stress-strain response was examined. Although the muscle force increases by 78.3%, the rate of increase of elbow peak moment is 57.7% and the rate of increase of peak muscle force is 38.3%. Similarly, the rate of increase of maximum strain and maximum stress are 44.4% and 37.3%, respectively. According to these results, it is understood that increasing the dumbbell load does not increase the muscle force at the same rate.
Matrix metalloproteinase 1 is a poor prognostic biomarker for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yang Hui , Xu Linping , Yan Meimei , Li Wei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains an incurable malignancy despite the treatment methods being continually updated. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) promote the progression of HCC; however, no consensus exists on which MMP plays the predominant role in HCCs. In the present study, we analyzed differentially expressed genes in HCCs, especially MMPs, compared with adjacent tissues using the Cancer Genome Atlas database. The KEGG enrichment pathway using differentially expressed genes included extracellular matrix–receptor interaction, which was correlated with MMPs. We found that among the MMP family, only MMP1, MMP3, MMP8, MMP9, MMP11, MMP12, MMP14, MMP15, MMP20, MMP21, and MMP24 significantly increased in HCCs compared with adjacent tissues. Crucially, survival and univariate analyses indicated that only MMPs 1, 9, 12, and 14 predict poor overall survival; however, multivariate Cox analysis and a nomogram demonstrated that only MMP1 is a poor prognostic biomarker for HCCs. In addition, we observed a significant enrichment of uncharacterized cells but decreased macrophages in HCC tissues. Consistent with decreased macrophages in HCCs, MMP1 was negatively associated with macrophages but positively correlated with uncharacterized cells, indicating that the main producer of MMP1 is uncharacterized cells. Furthermore, MMP1 expression was negatively correlated with immune responses of HCCs. Taken together, our findings indicated that MMP1 is a poor and predominant prognostic biomarker for patients with HCC, and that anti-MMP1 may be a novel therapy that is worth studying in depth.
The Arctic Sea Ice-cloud Radiative Negative Feedback in the Barents and Kara Sea Region
Authors: Fu Yunhao , Liu Peng , Tang Mingyue 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Shortwave cloud radiative effect (SWCRE), known as the cooling effect triggered by cloud, plays a vital role in adjusting the global radiation budget. As the Arctic gets warmer, it may become a more indispensable factor curbing this warming tendency. Research has pointed out a significant relationship between sea ice cover (SIC) and SWCRE over the Arctic during summer (June–August). Although no evidence has been found on cloud response to SIC during summer on the average of the Arctic, this study regards cloud as an inter-connection which can regulate SIC and SWCRE in a particular place: Barents and Kara Sea region (15°E–85°E, 70°N–80°N). Its SWCRE and SIC vary significantly, with their trends being 5.85 w∙m−2 and −5.87% per decade compared to those of the Arctic mean (2.93 w∙m−2 and −4.65% per decade). In this area, we find that the growing number of low-level cloud which is resulted from the loss on SIC may be accountable for the increase in SWCRE, as is shown in the correlation coefficient between low-level cloud and SIC reaches −0.4. The correlation coefficient between low-level cloud and SWCRE is 0.6. It reflects a SIC-cloud-SWCRE negative feedback. Moreover, a regression fitting model is being established to quantify the contribution of Arctic cloud in the process of slowing down the Arctic warming. It reveals that this specific region would turn into an ice-free region with sea surface temperature (SST) 1.5°C higher than reality during 2001 if we stop the increase in SWCRE. This result presents how fascinating the contribution cloud has been making in its way slowing down the warming pace.
Environmental Risk Factors of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Case Control Study
Authors: Refai Rania H. , F.Barghout Mohammed , Abou-Raya Anna N. , Abdou Mamdouh H. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) was suggested to be a condition of multifactorial etiology. Several genetic and environmental factors were suggested to be implicated in its pathogenesis. Recognizing these factors that trigger the disease onset and progression is pivotal to help taking measures to reduce the individual’s risk.Methods: The main objective of this study was to examine how exposure to selected environmental factors was associated with SLE risk.This case control study was conducted at the Rheumatology outpatient clinic of Alexandria Main University Hospital, in Alexandria, Egypt. The study sample consisted of 29 female SLE patients, and 27 healthy controls, who matched the cases on age and parity. Data were collected by a structured interviewing questionnaire, additionally; blood levels of lead, cadmium, and zinc of all participants were assessed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. SPSS version 21 was used for data entry and analysis.Results: The findings of this study add to the evidence that SLE can be environmentally induced. The multivariate stepwise logistic regression model revealed that five factors showed significant association with SLE, namely living near agricultural areas, passive smoking, blood lead levels ≥ 0.075 mg/L, and exposure to sunlight (OR =58.556, 95% CI =1.897-1807.759, OR =24.116, 95%CI =1.763-329.799, OR =18.981, 95%CI =1.228-293.364, OR =9.549, 95%CI =1.299-70.224 respectively). Whereas walking or doing exercise were significantly protective to SLE (P =0.006).Conclusion: Efforts should be made to decrease the environmental pollution and reduce the effect of environmental risk factors on disease occurrence.
Revascularization Evaluation of Autologous Fascia Lata Graft Following Shoulder Superior Capsule Reconstruction by Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Liao Yatao , Li Huaisheng , Li Yan , Tang Kanglai , Li Jing , ZHOU Binghua 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background

Fascia lata has been used for arthroscopically superior capsule reconstruction (ASCR) and verified to achieve a good clinical outcome. However, it is still not known how the fascia lata revascularizes after ASCR. This study was performed to evaluate the revascularization of autologous fascia lata grafts after ASCR by enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Methods

A prospective study of 13 patients with irreparable rotator cuff tears underwent ASCR with autologous fascia lata grafts from September 2019 to December 2020. Radiography examinations and clinical evaluations were performed preoperatively and postoperatively at 6 weeks and 3, 6, and 12 months. The signal-to-noise quotient (SNQ) value and enhancement index (EI) of autologous fascia lata grafts in the great tubercle insertion (GTI), midpoint of the graft (MG) and glenoid insertion (GI) were compared for radiography examination. Clinical evaluation included the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) shoulder score and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score.
Results

The SNQ values in T1WI enhancement at GI and GTI were significantly higher than those at the plain MRI scan at all observation timepoints; however, the SNQ values in T1WI enhancement at MG did not show a significant difference until 3 months postoperation. EI values at GTI and GI were significantly higher than those at MG at 6 weeks and 3 months postoperation, while there was no significant difference in the EI value between GTI and GI. At 12 months postoperation, the EI value at GI was significantly higher than those at MG and GTI; however, there was no significant difference between GTI and MG. The EI values at GTI and MG peaked at 3 months and 6 months postoperation, respectively, and then plateaued at 12 months postoperation. However, there was no significant difference in the EI value among the different timepoints at the GI. The EI value did not correlate with the VAS scores at any time point or any observation location.
Conclusion

Revascularization of the fascia lata is dependent on the location of the fascia lata and plateaus at 12 months postoperation. The EI value did not correlate with the VAS scores at any time point or any observation location.
High-resolution solar image reconstruction based on non-rigid alignment
Authors: Liu Hui , Jin Zhenyu , Xiang Yongyuan , Ji Kaifan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Suppressing the interference of atmospheric turbulence and obtaining observational data with high spatial resolution is an important problem to be solved in ground observation. One way to solve this problem is to perform statistical reconstruction of short-exposure speckle images. Combining the advantages of the classic Shift-Add and speckle masking algorithms, this paper proposes a novel reconstruction algorithm-NASIR (Non-rigid Alignment based Solar Image Reconstruction). NASIR performs pixel-by-pixel non-rigid distortion correction on speckle images by establishing a computational model between geometric distortion and intensity distribution, thereby reconstructing the phase of the object image at each frequency. We compared the reconstruction performance of speckle masking and NASIR in terms of correlation coefficient, power spectrum

and intensity profile variation coefficient through reconstruction experiments of NVST (1m New Vacuum Solar Telescope) observational data. The results show that when seeing is good (R0>10cm), both speckle masking and NASIR can achieve better reconstruction results. When seeing decreases (R0<5cm), the noise will exacerbate the phase recursion error of speckle masking, resulting in the generation of spurious structures, while NASIR recovers the phase by spatial alignment, which can avoid error accumulation. Moreover, NASIR performs speckle interferometry on the aligned speckle images, which further improves the reconstruction quality of the modulus, so its reconstruction results have a higher cutoff frequency and more significant structural contrast. In addition, NASIR reconstruct the entire field of view in parallel at one time, without phase

recursion and block-by-block reconstruction, so its computation time is only about 50% of that of speckle masking. Therefore, we consider NASIR to be a more robust and efficient method that combines the respective advantages of spatial domain reconstruction and frequency domain reconstruction. It is believed that the application and further research of NASIR will promote the development of ground-based observation data processing technology.
Post-Endoscopy Self-Limited Unspecified Fever. Rare or Common Adverse Event after Endoscopy? An Observational, Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Tufegdzic Boris , Jansen Guus , Hussein Lina , Visno Valsala , John Terrence Lee-St , Lamperti Massimo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Although post-endoscopy fever (PEF) without colon perforation or haemorrhage is believed to be rare, incidence, risk factors and the causes in the adult population have not been fully investigated. Endogenous immune response, bacteria translocation, contaminated endoscopes, or drug-induced fever are all protentional reasons that can lead to elevated temperature. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the incidence of PEF and identify the risk factors associated with the development of PEF and its outcomes.Material and Methods: Over a three-month period, 1054 non-hospitalised patients who had an endoscopic procedure at Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi received a post-procedure phone call within the first 24 hours. After identifying patients with fever and obtaining verbal consent, patients were enrolled in the study using a standardised telephone interview.Results: Thirty-four patients with PEF were identified. The highest temperature measured was 39.8 degrees Celsius. The most common single procedure performed was oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (41.2%). Colonoscopy was performed as a single procedure in 17.6% and double procedure (oesophagogastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy) in 41.2% of patients. Polypectomy was performed in only 5 patients (14.7%). Multiple biopsies were performed in 26 of the 34 patients (76.5%). Propofol was used in all endoscopy procedures and the dose was directly related to the duration of the procedure. Logistic regression revealed that no significant group differences across procedure types existed in terms of adjusted odds of fever. However, results also indicated that age has a significant negative relationship with fever – higher age is associated with lower odds of fever (b= -0.033, p = 0.024).Conclusion: PEF is an unpleasant side effect and it is associated with patient discomfort, dissatisfaction and fear during the post-endoscopy recovery. Although our findings do not fully explain the possible mechanisms underlying post-endoscopy fever, this study data should increase awareness about PEF as a common side effect related to endoscopy.
Monitoring and Modeling of a Landslide in Kahroud, Iran, by InSAR Measurements and Slope Stability Analysis
Authors: Touski Milad Yarmohammad , Dehghani Maryam , Veiskarami Mehdi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This work demonstrates the potential of Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR) based on Interferometric Point Target Analysis (IPTA) approach for landslide-induced deformation measurement. 28 Sentinel-1A images acquired between October 14 2014 and October 27 2016 are employed in order to measure the surface deformation associated with Kahroud landslide, northern Iran. Due to the lack of geodetic measurements and thanks to capability of processing small baseline highly coherent interferograms in the study area, the conventional Small Baseline Subset (SBAS) time series analysis is exploited for investigation of the IPTA performance. The cross-comparison indicates some unwrapping errors in the IPTA results and removal of a large number of Point Target (PT) candidates due to the remained nuisance terms in the phase measurements, the deviation of the deformation behavior from a simple linear model employed by IPTA and the temporal gap in the available dataset. Two different sliding mechanisms, however, are revealed based on the SBAS time series analysis results. In the second part of the research, the slope stability analysis to characterize the slope dynamics is finally performed based on the deformation field extracted from two ascending and descending single interferograms. Accordingly, the soil shear strength parameters as well as a 3D model of the sliding surface are estimated followed by the calculation of the soil mass involved by the Kahroud landslide.
Millennial-scale Land-surface Temperature and Soil Moisture Reconstruction Derived From Last Glacial European Loess Sequences
Authors: Prud'homme Charlotte , Fisher Peter , Jöris Olaf , gromov Sergey , Vinnepand Mathias , Hatté Christine , Vonhof Hubert , Moine Olivier , Vött Andreas , Fitzsimmons Kathryn 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The climate of the last 50,000 years has been punctuated by oscillations on millennial-to-centennial timescales. Our understanding of this variability derives predominantly from proxy information in ice and marine cores; high-resolution records from land are scarce. Here we quantify land-surface temperature and soil moisture at millennial timescales over continental Europe, for the period spanning 45,000 to 22,000 years before present. We provide the first quantitative terrestrial counterpart to marine and ice-core derived reconstructions for the North Atlantic region. Our terrestrial reconstruction derives from novel isotopic geochemistry and radiocarbon dating of earthworm calcite granules, collected from two temporally overlapping loess palaeosol sequences in the Rhine Valley, Germany. We combine our proxy reconstructions with mesoscale wind and moisture transport modelling. We find that compared with polar and Mediterranean regions, climatic warming from stadial to interstadial phases is attenuated in central-western Europe. The region was dominated by westerly air masses during the last glacial maximum but experienced seasonal variability in wind steadiness. We observe a strong correlation between abrupt temperature variability recorded in the Greenland ice core and the periglacial environments further south. This correlation is likely due to air masses arriving to the Rhine valley are deriving from the North Atlantic.