bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Side Effects Following Vaccination Against COVID-19 Among Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis Treated With DMTs in Poland
Authors: Czarnowska Agata , Tarasiuk Joanna , Zajkowska Olga , Wnuk Marcin , Marona Monika , Nowak Klaudia , Słowik Agnieszka , Jamroz-Wiśniewska Anna , Rejdak Konrad , Lech Beata , Popiel Małgorzata , Rościszewska-Żukowska Iwona , Perenc Adam , Bartosik-Psujek Halina , Świderek-Matysiak Mariola , Siger Małgorzata , Ciach Agnieszka , Walczak Agata , Jurewicz Anna , Stasiołek Mariusz , Kania Karolina , Dyczkowska Klara , Kalinowska-Łyszczarz Alicja , Galus Weronika , Walawska-Hrycek Anna , Krzystanek Ewa , Chojdak-Łukasiewicz Justyna , Ubysz Jakub , Pokryszko-Dragan Anna , Kapica-Topczewska Katarzyna , Chorąży Monika , Bazylewicz Marcin , Mirończuk Anna , Kulikowska Joanna , Kochanowicz Jan , Białek Marta , Stolarz Małgorzata , Kubicka-Bączyk Katarzyna , Niedziela Natalia , Warmus Paweł , Adamczyk-Sowa Monika , Podlecka-Piçtowska Aleksandra , Nojszewska Monika , Zakrzewska-Pniewska Beata , Jasińska Elżbieta , Zaborski Jacek , Milewska-Jȩdrzejczak Marta , Zwiernik Jacek , Zwiernik Beata , Potemkowski Andrzej , Brola Waldemar , Kułakowska Alina 
Published: June 2022

Background and ObjectivesSince vaccination against COVID-19 is available for over a year and the population of immunized individuals with autoimmune disorders is higher than several months before, an evaluation of safety and registered adverse events can be made. We conducted a large study of side effects following the COVID-19 vaccine among patients with multiple (MS) sclerosis treated with disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) and analyzed factors predisposing for particular adverse events.MethodsWe gathered data of individuals with MS treated with DMTs from 19 Polish MS Centers, who reported at least one adverse event following COVID-19 vaccination. The information was obtained by neurologists using a questionnaire. The same questionnaire was used at all MS Centers. To assess the relevance of reported adverse events, we used Fisher's exact test, t-test, and U-Menn-Whutney test.ResultsA total of 1,668 patients with MS and reports of adverse events after COVID-19 vaccination were finally included in the study. Besides one case marked as “red flag”, all adverse events were classified as mild. Pain at the injection site was the most common adverse event, with a greater frequency after the first dose. Pain at the injection site was significantly more frequent after the first dose among individuals with a lower disability (EDSS ≤2). The reported adverse events following immunization did not differ over sex. According to age, pain at the injection site was more common among individuals between 30 and 40 years old, only after the first vaccination dose. None of the DMTs predisposed for particular side effects.ConclusionsAccording to our findings, vaccination against COVID-19 among patients with MS treated with DMTs is safe. Our study can contribute to reducing hesitancy toward vaccination among patients with MS.
Angiographic Characteristics of Cerebral Perfusion and Hemodynamics of the Bridging Artery After Surgical Treatment of Unilateral Moyamoya Disease
Authors: Zhang Kun , Ren Wei , Sun Yu-Xue , Wang Xin-Jun , Li Chao-Yue , Wang Zi-Liang , Li Tian-Xiao , Gao Bu-Lang 
Published: June 2022

PurposeTo investigate the characteristics of cerebral perfusion and hemodynamics of bypass grafting in the treatment of moyamoya disease (MMD) using the iFlow color-coded flow map in comparison with magnetic resonance imaging–perfusion-weighted imaging (MRI–PWI) and computational fluid dynamic (CFD) analysis.Materials and MethodsPatients with MMD treated with bypass grafting who had undergone MRI PWI and digital subtraction angiography for iFlow color-coded map was retrospectively enrolled and CFD was performed for calculating the hemodynamic stresses around the bypass grafting.ResultsForty-five patients with unilateral MMD treated with bypass surgery were enrolled. The bypass surgery was successful in all patients, with no severe neurological complications during the periprocedural period. Followed up for 4–12 months (median 5.5), the neurological function was good in all patients. The cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV), mean transit time (MTT), and time to peak (TTP) were significantly (p &lt; 0.05) improved in the middle cerebral artery distribution area on the surgical side before and after vascular bypass, and the difference of TTP (s) measured from the proximal bifurcation of common carotid artery to the confluence of sinus was also significant (p &lt; 0.05). A significant (p &lt; 0.05) positive correlation existed in the perfusion parameters between the iFlow blood perfusion and the MRI–PWI perfusion, with r-value for TTP of 0.765 (p &lt; 0.01). The iFlow color-coded blood flow map showed warm color changes on the diseased side, similar to those on the contralateral side. In CFD analysis, the hemodynamic stresses were all improved, in and around the bypass grafting and distal vessels, which were beneficial to blood flow entering distal arterial branches.ConclusionThe iFlow color-coded flow map can be used to analyze cerebral perfusion after bypass grafting for MMD, similar to MRI–PWI, and CFD can be used to analyze the hemodynamics after bypass grafting, revealing improved hemodynamics to promote blood flow entering distal arteries.
Efficacy of Glutamine in Treating Severe Acute Pancreatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Dong Shi , Zhao Zhenjie , Li Xin , Chen Zhou , Jiang Wenkai , Zhou Wence 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesThe prognosis of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) patients is closely related to early nutritional support. It is well-established that changes in glutamine (Gln), an important amino acid and nutritional supplement, can reflect disease severity. However, no consensus has been reached on the role of Gln nutrition therapy for SAP patients. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize and evaluate the advantages of Gln supplementation in SAP.MethodsPubMed, Web of Science, the Embase, Cochrane Library, and Chinese databases (CNKI, SinoMed, Wanfang, and VIP) were systematically searched for eligible studies that included glutamine supplementation in SAP patients from inception to October 31 2021, excluding non-SAP studies. Primary outcome measures included mortality, APACHE II score, complications, and length of hospital stay. The meta-analysis was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021288371) and was conducted using Review Manager and Stata softwares.ResultsThis meta-analysis included 30 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with a total of 1,201 patients. Six primary outcomes and six secondary outcomes were analyzed. For the primary outcomes, Gln supplementation was associated with lower mortality (OR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.21–0.69, P = 0.001), total hospital stay (MD = −3.41, 95% CI: −4.93 to −1.88, P &lt; 0.0001) and complications (OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.31–0.66, P &lt; 0.0001) compared with conventional nutrition. Further subgroup analysis found that parenteral glutamine was more effective in reducing mortality. In terms of secondary outcomes, Gln supplementation helped restore liver, kidney and immune function, with significantly increased serum albumin (SMD = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.74–1.31, P &lt; 0.00001) and IgG levels (MD = 1.24, 95% CI: 0.82–1.67, P &lt; 0.00001), and decreased serum creatinine (Scr) (MD = −12.60, 95% CI: −21.97 to −3.24, P = 0.008), and inflammatory indicators such as C-reaction protein (CRP) (SMD = −1.67, 95% CI: −2.43 to −0.90, P &lt; 0.0001).ConclusionAlthough Gln supplementation is not routinely recommended, it is beneficial for SAP patients. Indeed, glutamine nutrition has little effect on some indicator outcomes but contributes to improving the prognosis of this patient population.Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO (york.ac.uk). Unique Identifier: CRD42021288371.
The Association Between Family Environment and Adolescent Alcohol Drinking Behavior: A Cross-Sectional Study of Six Chinese Cities
Authors: Chi Ruixin , Lu Shijun , Zhang Na , Zhang Man , Guo Kaiwei , Du Songming , Guo Jing , Hu Xiaoqi , Ma Guansheng 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveAdolescents' alcohol consumption has lifetime adverse physical and mental health effects. Family environment factors have a significant influence in shaping adolescents' beliefs and habits. We conducted the multicenter cross-sectional study aiming to investigate the association between family environment factors and adolescent drinking behavior in China.MethodsThe study investigated 27,762 middle school students from Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Jinan, Chengdu, and Harbin. A logistic regression model was used to explore the association between family environmental factors and adolescent drinking behavior. Participants were asked to self-report previous experiences of drinking and getting drunk to access their drinking status. Factors of family environment related to alcohol consumption included: parents' educational level, family economic status, family composition, the number of times parents drank alcohol in the past 30 days, and parents' attitudes toward their drinking behavior. The logistic regression model was used to adjust the demographic confounders, including gender, age, city, location, and smoking status, and to explore the association between family environmental factors and adolescent alcohol drinking behaviors.ResultsCompared with students whose parents prohibited drinking, students who were approved drinking were more likely to drink in this year (OR = 16.544, 95%CI:15.265–17.929, P &lt; 0.001; Full adjustment: OR = 13.111, 95% CI: 12.031–14.288, P &lt; 0.001), drink in this month (OR = 7.791, 95% CI: 7.077–8.565, P &lt; 0.001; Full adjustment: OR = 6.010, 95% CI: 5.439–6.641, P &lt; 0.001). In addition, Low family economic status, not living with the mother, parents' ambivalent attitudes toward their children's drinking and parental drinking were risk factors for drinking among middle school students.ConclusionThe family environment, especially parents' attitudes, is associated with students' drinking and drunken behavior. Mobilizing the power of parents may play a positive role in the effective prevention and control of adolescent drinking.
A Prognostic Model of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer With a Radiomics Nomogram in an Eastern Chinese Population
Authors: Wang Lijie , Liu Ailing , Wang Zhiheng , Xu Ning , Zhou Dandan , Qu Tao , Liu Guiyuan , Wang Jingtao , Yang Fujun , Guo Xiaolei , Chi Weiwei , Xue Fuzhong 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to build and validate a radiomics nomogram by integrating the radiomics features extracted from the CT images and known clinical variables (TNM staging, etc.) to individually predict the overall survival (OS) of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsA total of 1,480 patients with clinical data and pretreatment CT images during January 2013 and May 2018 were enrolled in this study. We randomly assigned the patients into training (N = 1036) and validation cohorts (N = 444). We extracted 1,288 quantitative features from the CT images of each patient. The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) Cox regression model was applied in feature selection and radiomics signature building. The radiomics nomogram used for the prognosis prediction was built by combining the radiomics signature and clinical variables that were derived from clinical data. Calibration ability and discrimination ability were analyzed in both training and validation cohorts.ResultsEleven radiomics features were selected by LASSO Cox regression derived from CT images, and the radiomics signature was built in the training cohort. The radiomics signature was significantly associated with NSCLC patients’ OS (HR = 3.913, p &lt; 0.01). The radiomics nomogram combining the radiomics signature with six clinical variables (age, sex, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, T stage, N stage, and M stage) had a better prognostic performance than the clinical nomogram both in the training cohort (C-index, 0.861, 95% CI: 0.843–0.879 vs. C-index, 0.851, 95% CI: 0.832–0.870; p &lt; 0.001) and in the validation cohort (C-index, 0.868, 95% CI: 0.841–0.896 vs. C-index, 0.854, 95% CI: 0.824–0.884; p = 0.002). The calibration curves demonstrated optimal alignment between the prediction and actual observation.ConclusionThe established radiomics nomogram could act as a noninvasive prediction tool for individualized survival prognosis estimation in patients with NSCLC. The radiomics signature derived from CT images may help clinicians in decision-making and hold promise to be adopted in the patient care setting as well as the clinical trial setting.
Level of Postnatal Checkup in Ethiopia – Implications for Child Health Services
Authors: Birhane Binyam Minuye , Bayih Wubet Alebachew , Mekonen Demewoz Kefale , Chanie Ermias Sisay , Demis Solomon , Shimelis Habtamu , Asferie Worku Necho , Abebe Eskeziaw , Addisu Dagne , Nibret Gedefaye , Endalamaw Aklilu , Munye Tigabu , Jember Desalegn Abebaw , Nebiyu Samuel , Tiruneh Yenework Mulu , Belay Demeke Mesfin 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundHigh neonatal mortality rates continue to be a major public health issue in Ethiopia. Despite different maternal and neonatal care interventions, neonatal mortality in Ethiopia is at a steady state. This could be due to the low utilization of neonatal checkups. Thus, nationally assessing the level and predictors of postnatal checkups could provide important information for further improving neonatal healthcare services.Materials and MethodsA secondary data analysis of the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) was performed on 7,586 women who had live births in the 2 years before the survey. All variables with a p-value of ≤0.25 in the bivariable analysis were entered into the final model for multivariable analysis, and the level of statistical significance was declared at a P-value of &lt;0.05.ResultsAccording to the national survey, only 8.3% [95% CI: 8.19, 8.41] of neonates received postnatal checkups. About two-thirds of women, 62.8% had antenatal care visits, 67.9%, gave birth at home, and 95.7% were unaware of neonatal danger signs. Distance from health care institutions [AOR = 1.42; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.89], giving birth in a healthcare facility [AOR = 1.55; 95% CI: 1.12, 2.15], antenatal care visit [AOR = 3.0; 95% CI: 1.99, 4.53], and neonatal danger signs awareness [AOR = 3.06; 95% CI: 2.09, 4.5] were all associated with postnatal care visits.ConclusionThe number of neonates who had a postnatal checkup was low. Increasing antenatal care visit utilization, improving institutional delivery, raising awareness about neonatal danger signs, increasing access to health care facilities, and implementing home-based neonatal care visits by healthcare providers could all help to improve postnatal checkups.
The Role of Gut Microbiota—Gut—Brain Axis in Perioperative Neurocognitive Dysfunction
Authors: Lu Jian , Hou Wenlong , Gao Sunan , Zhang Ye , Zong Youming 
Published: June 2022

With the aging of the world population and advances in medical and health technology, more and more elderly patients are undergoing anesthesia and surgery, and perioperative neurocognitive dysfunction (PND) is receiving increasing attention. The latest definition of PND, published simultaneously in November 2018 in 6 leading journals in the field of anesthesiology, clarifies that PND includes preoperatively cognitive impairment, postoperative delirium, delayed neurocognitive recovery, and postoperative cognitive dysfunction and meets the diagnostic criteria for neurocognitive impairment in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders -fifth edition (DSM-5). The time frame for PND includes preoperatively and within 12 months postoperatively. Recent studies have shown that gut microbiota regulates central nervous function and behavior through the gut microbiota - gut - brain axis, but the role of the axis in the pathogenesis of PND remains unclear. Therefore, this article reviews the mechanism of the role of gut microbiota-gut-brain axis in PND, so as to help explore reasonable early treatment strategies.
A KRAS-Associated Signature for Prognostic, Immune and Chemical Anti-Cancer Drug-Response Prediction in Colon Cancer
Authors: Luo Kangjia , Song Yanni , Guan Zilong , Ou Suwen , Ye Jinhua , Ran Songlin , Wang Hufei , Tao Yangbao , Gong Zijian , Ma Tianyi , Jin Yinghu , Huang Rui , Gao Feng , Yu Shan 
Published: June 2022

Background: KRAS mutation, one of the most important biological processes in colorectal cancer, leads to poor prognosis in patients. Although studies on KRAS have concentrated for a long time, there are currently no ideal drugs against KRAS mutations.Methods: Different expression analysis and weighted gene coexpression network analysis was conducted to select candidate genes. Log-rank tests and Cox regression picked out the prognostic genes to build a KRAS-related gene prognostic score (KRGPS). A nomogram based on KRGPS was built to predict survival of clinical patients. Comprehensive analysis showed the prognosis, immune microenvironment and response to immune therapy and chemotherapy in KRGPS subgroups.Results: We collected a KRGPS from the set of two genes GJB6 and NTNG1, with low-KRGSP patients having better progression-free survival (PFS). Low KRGPS is correlated with high infiltration of activated NK cells, plasma cells and activated memory CD4 T cells and that these cells benefit more from immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. However, high KRGPS is associated with high infiltration of activated mast cells, pathways of immune dysregulation and a high ratio of TP53 and KRAS mutations. KRGPS subgroups are also sensitive to chemotherapy differently. A nomogram, established based on the KRGPS and pathological stage, predict 3- and 5-years PFS well.Conclusions: The KRAS-associated score acts as a promising signature to distinguish prognosis, molecular and immune characteristics, and benefits from immune and chemical therapy. These KRAS-associated genes could be promising targets for drug design.
Dose-Effect Relationship of Chitosan and Danshen Combined Injection for Fallopian Tube Recanalization
Authors: Huang Chen , Wu Qiong , Liang Jiabin , Wang Qian , He Xueping , Xie Yanqiu , Lu Yanbing , Su Jianfen , Tang Yutuan 
Published: June 2022

Objectives:This study examined the dose-effect relationship of chitosan and danshen combined injections on the long-term prevention of fallopian tube re-obstructions, with increased pregnancy rates in infertile women.Methods:High-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the content changes of combined chitosan and danshen injection. Two hundred and eighty patients with fallopian tube obstructions were randomly assigned to four groups. Group A (control group, saline), Group B (2 ml chitosan, 4 ml danshen), Group C (2 ml chitosan, 10 ml danshen), and Group D (1 ml chitosan, 10 ml danshen). Injections were administered after tubal recanalization.Results:The effective constituent of chitosan and danshen injection was stable. Tubal patency rate was 94.2% and 87.3% in Group C after 1 and 3 years, respectively, which was significantly higher than Groups A (38.6%, 31.5%), B (73.5%, 64.1%), and D (68.5%, 50.7%). Intrauterine pregnancy rates were 61.8% and 79.4% in Group C after 1 and 3 years, respectively, and were significantly higher than Groups A (31.8%, 34.8%), B (40.1%, 62.5%), and D (38.5%, 58.5%) (p&lt; 0.05).Conclusion:Combined Chitosan and danshen injections prevented tubal obstruction and increased pregnancy rates for long periods using an optimal ratio of 1 part chitosan and 5 parts danshen.
Matching of O2 Utilization and O2 Delivery in Contracting Skeletal Muscle in Health, Aging, and Heart Failure
Authors: Nyberg Michael , Jones Andrew M. 
Published: June 2022

Skeletal muscle is one of the most dynamic metabolic organs as evidenced by increases in metabolic rate of &gt;150-fold from rest to maximal contractile activity. Because of limited intracellular stores of ATP, activation of metabolic pathways is required to maintain the necessary rates of ATP re-synthesis during sustained contractions. During the very early phase, phosphocreatine hydrolysis and anaerobic glycolysis prevails but as activity extends beyond ∼1 min, oxidative phosphorylation becomes the major ATP-generating pathway. Oxidative metabolism of macronutrients is highly dependent on the cardiovascular system to deliver O2 to the contracting muscle fibres, which is ensured through a tight coupling between skeletal muscle O2 utilization and O2 delivery. However, to what extent O2 delivery is ideal in terms of enabling optimal metabolic and contractile function is context-dependent and determined by a complex interaction of several regulatory systems. The first part of the review focuses on local and systemic mechanisms involved in the regulation of O2 delivery and how integration of these influences the matching of skeletal muscle O2 demand and O2 delivery. In the second part, alterations in cardiovascular function and structure associated with aging and heart failure, and how these impact metabolic and contractile function, will be addressed. Where applicable, the potential of exercise training to offset/reverse age- and disease-related cardiovascular declines will be highlighted in the context of skeletal muscle metabolic function. The review focuses on human data but also covers animal observations.
Socioeconomic Inequalities in Times of COVID-19 Lockdown: Prevalence and Related-Differences in Measures of Anxiety and Stress in Palestine
Authors: Al Zabadi Hamzeh , Haj-Yahya Maryam , Yaseen Noor , Alhroub Thair 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundImplementation of quarantine and lockdown to COVID-19 pandemic has created dramatic negative psychological impact mainly the general population’s health worldwide. We aimed to assess the prevalence and predictors of anxiety and stress severity among the Palestinian population.MethodsA cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted. An anonymous online questionnaire and snowball recruiting technique were used to target the general public in Palestine between 6 and 16 April, 2020 during COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns. Multivariate logistic regression models were developed for the outcome variables.ResultsOf the 2819 individuals who completed the questionnaire, more than two thirds of them (72.6%) were females. Nearly (83.5%), were residing at the West Bank. The mean age of participants was 29.47 (SD = 10.97) years. The anxiety prevalence was (25.15%) with (20.08%) had mild/moderate severity. The stress prevalence was (38.77%) with (22.21%) had mild/moderate severity. The prevalence of both anxiety and stress was (20.3%). In multivariate analysis, exposure to confirmed case of COVID-19, inadequacy of food supply and jobs that acquire leaving home during lockdown were significantly related to higher anxiety degree. As for stress, low monthly income, cohabitation with a person of a high-risk group and inadequacy of food supply were significantly related to higher stress degree.ConclusionYoung adults with low socioeconomic status and inadequate food supply were more likely to have a higher degree of stress and/or anxiety. Providing alternative economical sources for those in need, and spreading more awareness regarding the pandemic, supporting the population’s psychological wellbeing, community connection and the availability of specialist mental health services are crucial to overcome the mental impacts of COVID-19 in Palestine.