bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antitumor activity and safety of camrelizumab plus famitinib in patients with platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer: results from an open-label, multicenter phase 2 basket study
Authors: Xia Lingfang , Peng Jin , Lou Ge , Pan Mei , Zhou Qi , Hu Wenjing , Shi Huirong , Wang Li , Gao Yunong , Zhu Jianqing , Zhang Yu , Sun Rong , Zhou Xianfeng , Wang Quanren , Wu Xiaohua 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundCombination treatments with immune-checkpoint inhibitor and antiangiogenic therapy have the potential for synergistic activity through modulation of the microenvironment and represent a notable therapeutic strategy in recurrent ovarian cancer (ROC). We report the results of camrelizumab (an anti-programmed cell death protein-1 antibody) in combination with famitinib (a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor) for the treatment of platinum-resistant ROC from an open-label, multicenter, phase 2 basket trial.MethodsEligible patients with platinum-resistant ROC were enrolled to receive camrelizumab (200 mg every 3 weeks by intravenous infusion) and oral famitinib (20 mg once daily). All patients had disease progression during or <6 months after their most recent platinum-based chemotherapy. Primary endpoint was confirmed objective response rate (ORR) per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) V.1.1 based on investigator’s assessment. Secondary endpoints included disease control rate (DCR), duration of response (DoR), time to response (TTR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), 12-month OS rate and safety profile.ResultsOf the 37 women enrolled, 11 (29.7%) patients had primary platinum resistant, 15 (40.5%) patients had secondary platinum resistant and 11 (29.7%) patients had primary platinum refractory disease. As the cut-off date of April 9, 2021, nine (24.3%) patients had achieved a confirmed objective response, the ORR was 24.3% (95% CI, 11.8 to 41.2) and the DCR was 54.1% (95% CI, 36.9 to 70.5). Patients with this combination regimen showed a median TTR of 2.1 months (range, 1.8–4.1) and a median DoR of 4.1 months (95% CI, 1.9 to 6.3). Median PFS was 4.1 months (95% CI, 2.1 to 5.7), and median OS was 18.9 months (95% CI, 10.8 to not reached), with the median follow-up duration of 22.0 months (range, 12.0–23.7). The estimated 12-month OS rate was 67.2% (95% CI, 49.4 to 79.9). The most common ≥grade 3 treatment-related adverse events were hypertension (32.4%), decreased neutrophil count (29.7%) and decreased platelet count (13.5%). One (2.7%) patient died of grade 5 hemorrhage that was judged possibly related to study treatment by investigator.ConclusionThe camrelizumab with famitinib combination appeared to show antitumor activity in heavily pretreated patients with platinum-resistant ROC with an acceptable safety profile. This combination might provide a novel alternative treatment strategy in platinum-resistant ROC setting and warranted further exploration.Trial registration numberNCT03827837.
Colours, capsules and concept flavour names on cigarette packs appeal to youth in Mexico
Authors: Brown Jennifer L , Grilo Graziele , Cohen Joanna E , Clegg Smith Katherine , Reynales-Shigematsu Luz Myriam , Flores Escartin Maria Guadalupe , Moran Meghan Bridgid 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundFlavoured cigarettes are popular in Mexico. We examined how cigarette packaging design features used to communicate flavour influence perceptions of appeal, harm, perceived interest and pack preference among Mexico City residents.MethodsWe conducted an experimental survey. Participants aged 13–34 years were randomly assigned to one of three conditions, viewed packs with systematically manipulated design features (colour, capsule image and flavour name) and answered questions on appeal, perceived harm, perceived interest and pack preference. Data were analysed using mixed effects and conditional logistic regression.Results1500 adolescents and 950 adults participated. Regardless of flavour, cigarette packs with a background colour and capsule image were more appealing to adolescents (OR=13.19, 95% CI 11.53 to 15.10; OR=1.68, 95% CI 1.45 to 1.88) and adults (OR=4.18, 95% CI 3.73 to 4.69; OR=1.66, 95% CI 1.49 to 1.85) than packs without. Among adolescents, ‘Tropical Burst’ named packs were more appealing (OR=1.43, 95% CI 1.20 to 1.72) than packs without a flavour name and among adults, ‘Arctic Air’ named packs were more appealing (OR=1.20, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.14). Adolescents and adults reported a preference for trying packs that displayed a flavour name, background colour or capsule image (b=0.104, b=0.702, b=1.316, p<0.001 and b=0.126, b=0.619, b=0.775, p<0.001).ConclusionsColours and flavour capsule images appeal to adolescents and adults in Mexico. Mexico should consider adopting plain packaging to reduce appeal and interest.
Short- to medium-term effects of crown and surface fires on soil respiration in a Canadian boreal forest
Authors: Ribeiro-Kumara Caius , Santín Cristina , Doerr Stefan H. , Pumpanen Jukka , Baxter Greg , Köster Kajar 
Published: January 2022

Fires are an important perturbation for the carbon (C) dynamics of boreal forests, especially when they are stand-replacing. In North American boreal forests, crown fires are predominant and, therefore, the most studied. However, surface fires can also lead to major tree mortality with substantial implications for the C balance. Here, we assess the short- (hours to days) to medium-term (1–3 years) effects of the different fire types (surface vs. crown) on the postfire soil C effluxes in jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) and black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) forest stands in the Northwest Territories, Canada. We found that while trees were instantly killed by the four crown fires studied, trees also died within 1 year after two of three surface fires studied. Associated with this tree mortality, soil autotrophic respiration decreased after both fire types, although at different timings. The soil heterotrophic respiration was either lower or unchanged when measured 1–3 years after either fire type but was increased when measured immediately after a surface fire, possibly due to the interaction between ash generation and wetting performed to suppress the fire. Our results suggest that both fire types can thus substantially alter C fluxes in the short to medium term, both through changes in vegetation and the soil environment.
Numerical investigation of the effect of hole reaming on fatigue life by cold expansion
Authors: Liu Kuanyu , Yang Xinsheng , Zhou Li , Li Ming , Zhu Weijin 
Published: January 2022

The reaming process of a 6061 aluminum alloy plate after cold expansion with a split sleeve was simulated by the finite element (FE) method based on Abaqus/CAE, and the relationship between the reaming depths and the distribution of residual stress fields was obtained by analysis. The fatigue lives of the plates under different reaming depths were calculated using the fatigue analysis software FE-SAFE and verified by fatigue tests. The results showed that reaming after expansion increased the residual compressive stress at the hole edge on the entrance surface. In addition, the fatigue life of the specimens increased with increasing reaming depth, and the best fatigue gain of the specimen was obtained when the reaming depth was 0.5 mm.
The principles of helium exploration
Authors: Danabalan Diveena , Gluyas Jon G. , Macpherson Colin G. , Abraham-James Thomas H. , Bluett Josh J. , Barry Peter H. , Ballentine Chris J. 
Published: January 2022

Commercial helium systems have been found to date as a serendipitous by-product of petroleum exploration. There are nevertheless significant differences in the source and migration properties of helium compared with petroleum. An understanding of these differences enables prospects for helium gas accumulations to be identified in regions where petroleum exploration would not be tenable. Here we show how the basic petroleum exploration playbook (source, primary migration from the source rock, secondary longer distance migration, trapping) can be modified to identify helium plays. Plays are the areas occupied by a prospective reservoir and overlying seal associated with a mature helium source. This is the first step in identifying the detail of helium prospects (discrete pools of trapped helium). We show how these principles, adapted for helium, can be applied using the Rukwa Basin in the Tanzanian section of the East African Rift as a case study. A thermal hiatus caused by rifting of the continental basement has resulted in a surface expression of deep crustal gas release in the form of high-nitrogen gas seeps containing up to 10%
4
He. We calculate the total likely regional source-rock helium generative capacity, identify the role of the Rungwe volcanic province in releasing the accumulated crustal helium and show the spatial control of helium concentration dilution by the associated volcanic CO
2
. Nitrogen, both dissolved and as a free-gas phase, plays a key role in the primary and secondary migration of crustal helium and its accumulation into what might become a commercially viable gas pool. This too is examined. We identify and discuss evidence that structures and seals suitable for trapping hydrocarbon and CO
2
gases will likely also be efficient for helium accumulation on the timescale of the Rukwa Basin activity. The Rukwa Basin prospective recoverable P
50
resources of helium have been independently estimated to be about 138 BSCF (billion standard cubic ft: 2.78 × 10
9
m
3
at STP). If this volume is confirmed it would represent about 25% of the current global helium reserve. Two exploration wells, Tai 1 and Tai 2, completed by August 2021 have proved the presence of seal and reservoir horizons with the reservoirs containing significant helium shows.

This article is part of the Energy Geoscience Series available at
https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/energy-geoscience-series
Abstract IA-22: A multilevel framework for reducing cancer risk in diverse Asian American populations
Authors: Fang Carolyn Y. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Asian Americans are the fastest-growing racial group in the United States (US). The Asian American population is also diverse and heterogeneous with respect to language, culture, country of origin, preventive-health orientation, and other characteristics. The practice of presenting aggregated data on cancer incidence and mortality in Asian Americans obscures important health differences as some Asian American subgroups experience higher rates of cancer – such as liver, uterine cervix, and stomach cancers – than other racial/ethnic groups. Despite this elevated risk, many Asian American subgroups have lower cancer screening rates compared with other populations. Low screening rates have been attributed to a number of factors including psychosocial beliefs and barriers to healthcare access; and despite considerable effort over the past decades, screening rates remain well below national goals. In this presentation, we will illustrate the application of a multilevel framework to address individual-, interpersonal-, and community-level factors contributing to uptake of cancer screening and prevention behaviors in several US Asian subgroups. Examples from recent research will be presented to highlight how community-academic partnerships have successfully enhanced cancer screening and prevention behaviors. We will also review ongoing challenges and discuss new opportunities for promoting a greater focus across and within diverse Asian American populations. Engaging multiple stakeholders in the planning process can lead to effective and sustainable programs that result in increased participation among underserved and underrepresented individuals. Together, these strategies may help reduce inequities and improve outcomes across our diverse communities.
Citation Format: Carolyn Y. Fang. A multilevel framework for reducing cancer risk in diverse Asian American populations [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr IA-22.
Abstract PO-063: Medical students' knowledge and comfort in participating in cancer prevention for LGBTQ+ patients
Authors: Quinn Gwendolyn P. , Tamargo Christina , Murphy Devin , Sutter Megan , Fein Lydia , Ferrari Fabio , Sampson Amani , Charifosn Mia , Schabath Matthew B. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: The majority of US medical schools have a required curriculum related to the care of LGBTQ+ people, which varies in length and content across schools. All medical specialties and sub-specialties have a component of need for cancer care; either in prevention, treatment, or care planning. As such, it is imperative that medical trainees receive relevant training in the care of LGBTQ+ populations, a community experiencing significant cancer health disparities. Assessing trainees' knowledge and confidence in providing care is an important aspect of preparing the next generation of physicians. Methods: This abstract reports on survey results from 3 US medical schools (New York University, University of Miami, University of Texas San Antonio) assessing the knowledge, attitudes and comfort in providing care for LGBTQ+ people. The survey was comprised of 54 Likert response (1=strongly disagree; 7=strongly agree) choice questions on: attitudes (30), knowledge (10), student demographics (13) and desire for additional LGBTQ+ education (1). Results were analyzed using descriptive and quantitative analyses. Results: A total of 360 medical students completed the survey and analyses revealed the majority of students had positive attitudes towards caring for LGBTQ+ patients, but lacked comfort in providing care for transgender/non binary patients (TNB) in general (p=0.05); specific cancer prevention care for TNB (p&lt; 0.01); reproductive care for TNB (p&lt; 0.01) and sexual heath (p=0.01). There was a significant correlation between high knowledge scores and comfort in asking a patient's pronouns (p&lt;0.01). More than 80% felt comfortable discussing cancer prevention care with LGB patients and 75% believed it was important to know the sexual orientation of patient to provide the best care. Eighty percent agreed there should be mandatory LGBTQ+ education in medical school. As in our prior studies, total knowledge scores did not correlate with attitudes. Conclusions: Medical students feel comfortable and willing to provide cancer prevention care for LGB patients but may need more education and training in the unique needs of TNB patients. Medical schools should consider specific education in cancer prevention and treatment for TNB populations.
Citation Format: Gwendolyn P. Quinn, Christina Tamargo, Devin Murphy, Megan Sutter, Lydia Fein, Fabio Ferrari, Amani Sampson, Mia Charifosn, Matthew B. Schabath. Medical students' knowledge and comfort in participating in cancer prevention for LGBTQ+ patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-063.
Abstract PO-122: Palliative care for 317 cancer patients with COVID-19 in a major public hospital in South America
Authors: Correa Tulio L. , Sobreira Joyce V.B. , Simão Áurea M.S. , Anbar Fernanda B. , Yarshell Flavia , de Carvalho Ricardo T. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Cancer patients are at higher risk of developing severe COVID-19 and worse virus-related outcomes. In addition, low- and middle-income countries may be even more impacted by COVID-19, and not offer appropriate end-of-life support to many patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the palliative care offered to cancer patients with COVID-19 in a major referral hospital in South America. Methods: Descriptive and retrospective study in Hospital das Clínicas, Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, Brazil. This hospital is considered one of the major referral and public hospitals in South America. Medical records of adult cancer patients admitted for COVID-19 were reviewed. Patients were screened for the need for palliative care through Supportive and Palliative Care Indicators Tool (SPICT). Data was analyzed using Stata 14. Results: The sample was composed of 317 Latino patients, of which 155 (48.9%) were male and 162 (51.1%) were female. Median [IQR] age was 68 [56-81] years old. In addition, 119 (37.5%) were admitted to the wards, 110 (34.7%) to the emergency room, and 88 (27.8%) to the intensive care unit. Patients admitted to the wards were more likely to receive palliative care (46.7% vs. 32.9%; p=0.016). A total of 107 (33.7%) patients had access to palliative care. Regarding SPICT criteria, 260 (82.0%) were at risk of deteriorating and dying. Of the patients who met SPICT criteria, 98 (37.7%) had access to palliative care during hospitalization. Regarding outcomes; 155 patients (48.9%) died, 128 (40.4%) were discharged, and 34 (10.7%) were transferred to another unit. Of the patients who died, 72 (46.5%) did not have access to palliative care. Conclusions: In our study, there was a high mortality rate in Latino cancer patients with COVID-19, although a considerable percentage of them did not have access to palliative care before dying. It is important to give further attention to the end-of-life support offered to cancer patients with COVID-19, especially in underserved communities and among racial/ethnic minorities.
Citation Format: Tulio L. Correa, Joyce V.B. Sobreira, Áurea M.S. Simão, Fernanda B. Anbar, Flavia Yarshell, Ricardo T. de Carvalho. Palliative care for 317 cancer patients with COVID-19 in a major public hospital in South America [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-122.
Abstract PO-151: Prognostic relevance of ZNF668 expression in clear cell renal carcinoma: Implications for patients of African Ancestry
Authors: Reams R. Renee , Heyliger Simone O. , Saulsbury Marilyn 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Although the incidence of clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) is higher in Whites, a recent report suggests Blacks suffer worst outcomes relative to White ccRCC patients. These observations underscore the need to determine the molecular basis for survival disparity among Blacks and Whites in clear cell renal carcinoma patients. Since higher stage/grade ccRCC is uniformly lethal, it is imperative that biomarkers and candidate genes be found that can identify patients at greater risk of progressing to advanced stage/grade, drug-resistant clear cell renal carcinoma, as well as that, can point to the drivers of ccRCC progression in different demographic groups. Using KIRC (clear cell renal carcinoma) TCGA dataset, we have observed that ZNF668, a KRAB zinc-finger transcription factor, is significantly overexpressed in ccRCC (p=1.62E-12). Moreover, ZNF668 transcripts were significantly elevated in higher stages and grades (p&lt;.001). Higher ZNF668 transcripts levels were also correlated with metastasis (p&lt;0.01) and were associated with the more aggressive ccB phenotype (p&lt;0.001). Overexpression was also associated with more unsatisfactory overall patient survival (p&lt;.001; HR = 1.76 (1.3 − 2.37) with a median survival of 66 months for the high expression group compared to 120 months for the low expression. In addition, we observed that Blacks exhibited higher expression of ZNF668 transcripts relative to Whites (p=2.22E-04). Taken collectively, data suggests that higher levels of ZNF668 is associated with cancer progression and more aggressive ccRCC subtypes. Moreover, ZNF668 behaves in a manner that indicates that it is a negative prognostic marker and a possible oncogene in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Lastly, higher expression in Blacks suggests this population may be particularly at risk for developing more aggressive forms of ccRCC.
Citation Format: R. Renee Reams, Simone O. Heyliger, Marilyn Saulsbury. Prognostic relevance of ZNF668 expression in clear cell renal carcinoma: Implications for patients of African Ancestry [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-151.
Abstract PO-153: ANPEP: A potential regulator of tumor-immune metabolic interactions in African American men with prostate cancer
Authors: El-Kenawi Asmaa E. , Awasthi Shivanshu , Serna Amparo N. , Dhillon Jasreman , Yamoah Kosj 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In prostate cancer (PCa), lack of TMPRSS2-ETS gene fusion (ETSnegative) has been a hallmark of tumor in African American (AA) as compared with European American (EA) men. To elucidate biologic features associated with ETSnegative PCa in AA men, we identified aminopeptidase N (ANPEP) as ETS-regulated gene with preferential overexpression in AA. Aminopeptidase N is involved in endocytosis, cholesterol, amino acid transport and peptide hydrolysis. In the current work, we sought to investigate the role of ANPEP in a PCa development and exploit its role in PCa metabolism as a therapeutic vulnerability, particularly in AA tumors. Methods To understand the role of ANPEP in PCa progression and therapeutic vulnerability, we determined the expression of ANPEP in different component of tumor microenvironment. We also developed a consumption and release metabolomic platform to assess the impact of ANPEP on transport of cholesterol, fatty acids and a number of relevant amino acids. Additionally, we assessed the availability of these metabolites and their end products in plasma samples of PCa patients. Results Using publicly available datasets, we showed that prostate tumors form AA men harbor the highest expression of ANPEP as compared with other groups. Using further data mining and experimental approaches, we found that aminopeptidase N is predominantly expressed on macrophages compared with prostate tumor cells, T cell, B cells, neutrophils and dendritic cells. Expression of ANPEP predominantly correlated with various amino acid transporters which also tend to be differentially expressed by ETS status. We have successfully developed a metabolomics-based approach to assess the consumption of more than 15 metabolites in prostate cancer cells and patient derived explants. Conclusion We have identified ANPEP as a macrophage-related gene with a potential role in tumor metabolism. Future work will focus on investigating functional role of ANPEP in the tumor immune microenvironment using our unique metabolic consumption/release assay in explants derived from AA and EA prostate cancer patients.
Citation Format: Asmaa E. El-Kenawi, Shivanshu Awasthi, Amparo N. Serna, Jasreman Dhillon, Kosj Yamoah. ANPEP: A potential regulator of tumor-immune metabolic interactions in African American men with prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-153.