bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is Anterior Trans‐Intervertebral Space Decompression Important in Treating Cervical Spondylosis with Severe Intervertebral Space Narrowing? A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Qi Min , Shen Xiaolong , Wu Huiqiao , Sun Baifeng , Cao Peng , Tian Ye , Wu Xiaodong , Chen Yu , Liu Yang , Yuan Wen 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy and practicality of anterior trans‐intervertebral space decompression and fusion (ATIDF) by comparing radiological and clinical outcomes between ATIDF and traditional anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion (ACCF) in cervical spondylosis patients with severe disc space narrowing.MethodsSeventy‐one cervical spondylosis patients with severe disc space narrowing underwent anterior cervical spine surgery were included in this retrospective study. Thirty‐seven patients underwent ATIDF and 34 patients underwent ACCF. The neck disability index (NDI), Japan Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score and the Hirabayashi improvement rate were used to evaluate patient neurological status. Cervical sagittal alignment (C2–C7 Cobb angle), surgical segment sagittal alignment (Cobb angle of surgical segment) and disc space height were also compared between the two groups.ResultsThere were 39 males and 32 females; mean age was 63.72 ± 6.36 years (range, 39–81 years). Mean follow‐up was 22.4 months (range, 6–45 months). All patients achieved an adequate neurological improvement. There were no significant differences in NDI, JOA scores and Hirabayashi improvement rate between the two groups. The change of C2–7 Cobb angle and surgical segment Cobb angle were both greater in the ATIDF group. The average intervertebral height ratio of the patients in the ATIDF group increased significantly after surgery (0.38 ± 0.17 before surgery to 1.13 ± 0.32 after surgery, P < 0.01). The overall complication rate was lower in the ATIDF group than the ACCF group (35.14% and 44.12%). At 6 months follow‐up, three patients in the ACCF group presented with subsidence of the titanium mesh cage.ConclusionATIDF is an effective technique for treating cervical spondylosis with severe disc space narrowing; it can achieve adequate decompression and improve sagittal alignment while avoiding and reducing the implant‐related complications inherent to traditional ACCF.
Progression and flaring of focal dermal hypoplasia during an acute illness
Authors: Drolshagen Helena , Chang Joshua , Evans Megan S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFocal dermal hypoplasia (FDH), or Goltz syndrome, is a rare genodermatosis affecting tissues of mesodermal and ectodermal origin. The characteristic skin changes have been reported to symptomatically flare in response to certain triggers as well as to progress over time in some cases. We present the case of a 5‐year‐old girl with cutaneous flaring and progression of FDH in the setting of septic shock. This case adds to the growing body of literature on both flaring and progression of the cutaneous manifestations of FDH.
Taking stock of the longitudinal study of romantic couple relationships: The last 20 years
Authors: Galovan Adam M. , Orbuch Terri L. , Shrout M. Rosie , Drebit Emma , Rice TeKisha M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLongitudinal dyadic research provides significant benefits for our understanding of romantic couple relationships. In this systematic review, we begin by providing a broad overview of topical trends and approaches in longitudinal couple relationships research from 2002 through 2021. Then, we narrow our review to dyadic relationship quality articles, highlighting key themes as well as noting important gaps in the research. Using an intersectional perspective that acknowledges multiple ways that disadvantage, power, and oppression may be seen in both research and in couples' lived experience, we note prominent paradigms used in examining couple relationships, what types of questions have been most valued, and what groups and approaches are underrepresented in the literature. Most longitudinal couple relationships research is quantitative, relies on self‐report approaches from American couples in the early‐to‐middle years of their relationships, concentrates more on negative aspects of relationships than positives, and takes a communication‐satisfaction paradigm in studying couples. We see a clear need to increase the use of methodologies beyond self‐report measures, conduct more studies with within‐group minority, older adult, culturally‐diverse, and context‐specific samples to explore the diversity of relationships, and fully consider both strengths and positive processes in relationships as well as the challenges couples experience.
The prospective relationship between subjective aging and inflammation: Evidence from the health and retirement study
Authors: Stephan Yannick , Sutin Angelina R. , Luchetti Martina , Terracciano Antonio 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study tested the prospective associations and potential mediators between subjective aging, indexed by subjective age and self‐perceptions of aging (SPA), and a range of inflammatory markers, including C‐reactive proteins (CRP) and pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokines among older adults. Participants (N = 6099, 59% women, age range = 50 to 94, Mean Age = 65.32, SD = 8.85) were drawn from the Health and Retirement Study. Subjective age, SPA, and demographic factors were assessed in 2008/2010. Assessments of soluble transformation growth factor‐beta 1 (sTGF‐β1), interleukin 10 (IL‐10), interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist (IL‐1Ra), interleukin 6 (IL‐6), soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors (sTNFR1), and high sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) were measured in 2016. Potential mediators (body mass index, disease burden, physical inactivity, and depressive symptoms) were asssessed at baseline and in 2012/2014. Linear regression analyses indicated that an older subjective age and negative SPA were related to higher level of IL‐10, IL‐1Ra, IL‐6, sTNFR1 and hsCRP. These associations were mediated by higher disease burden and physical inactivity. Negative SPA (but not subjective age) was associated with lower sTGF‐β1. The link between subjective aging and inflammatory markers was relatively independent from chronological age. The present study provides new evidence that subjective aging is prospectively associated with inflammation, including systemic inflammation and pro‐and anti‐inflammatory cytokines.
The road to the first FDA‐approved genetically engineered pig heart transplantation into human
Authors: Singh Avneesh K. , Griffith Bartley P. , Goerlich Corbin E. , Ayares David , Mohiuddin Muhammad M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe have been testing genetically engineered (GE) pig hearts and optimizing immunosuppression (IS) in non‐human primates (NHPs) since 2005. We demonstrate how we translated this preclinical investigation into a US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)‐approved clinical cardiac xenotransplantation. First, genetically engineered (GE) pig hearts were transplanted into the abdomen of NHP along with IS, which included anti‐CD20 and anti‐CD40‐based co‐stimulation blockade antibodies. We reported 945 days of survival of three gene GE pig hearts in NHPs. Building on this proof‐of‐concept, we tested 3–10 gene‐modified GE pig hearts (in order to improve the immunocompatibility of the xenograft further) in a life‐supporting orthotopic model, but had limited success due to perioperative cardiac xenograft dysfunction (PCXD). With novel non‐ischemic continuous perfusion preservation (NICP), using the XVIVO Heart solution (XHS), life‐supporting survival was extended to 9 months. We approached the FDA under an application for “Expanded Access” (EA), to transplant a GE pig heart in a patient with end‐stage non‐ischemic cardiomyopathy. He was without other therapeutic options and dependent on VA‐ECMO. A team of FDA reviewers reviewed our preclinical research experience and data and allowed us to proceed. This clinical cardiac xenotransplantation was performed, and the patient survived for 60 days, demonstrating the translational preclinical investigation of cardiac xenotransplantation from bench to bedside. The ultimate etiology of graft failure is currently a topic of investigation and lessons learned will progress the field forward.
Genetic modifications designed for xenotransplantation attenuate sialoadhesin‐dependent binding of human erythrocytes to porcine macrophages
Authors: Petitpas Kaitlyn , Habibabady Zahra , Ritchie Veronica , Connolly Margaret R. , Burdorf Lars , Qin Wenning , Kan Yinan , Layer Jacob V. , Crabtree Juliet N. , Youd Michele E. , Westlin William F. , Magnani Diogo M. , Pierson Richard N. , Azimzadeh Agnes M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe phenomenon of diminishing hematocrit after in vivo liver and lung xenotransplantation and during ex vivo liver xenoperfusion has largely been attributed to action by resident liver porcine macrophages, which bind and destroy human erythrocytes. Porcine sialoadhesin (siglec‐1) was implicated previously in this interaction. This study examines the effect of porcine genetic modifications, including knockout of the CMAH gene responsible for expression of Neu5Gc sialic acid, on the adhesion of human red blood cells (RBCs) to porcine macrophages. Wild‐type (WT) porcine macrophages and macrophages from several strains of genetically engineered pigs, including CMAH gene knockout and several human transgenes (TKO+hTg), were incubated with human RBCs and “rosettes” (≥3 erythrocytes bound to one macrophage) were quantified by microscopy. Our results show that TKO+hTg genetic modifications significantly reduced rosette formation. The monoclonal antibody 1F1, which blocks porcine sialoadhesin, significantly reduced rosette formation by WT and TKO+hTg macrophages compared with an isotype control antibody. Further, desialation of human RBCs with neuraminidase before addition to WT or TKO+hTg macrophages resulted in near‐complete abrogation of rosette formation, to a level not significantly different from porcine RBC rosette formation on porcine macrophages. These observations are consistent with rosette formation being mediated by binding of sialic acid on human RBCs to sialoadhesin on porcine macrophages. In conclusion, the data predict that TKO+hTg genetic modifications, coupled with targeting of porcine sialoadhesin by the 1F1 mAb, will attenuate erythrocyte sequestration and anemia during ex vivo xenoperfusion and following in vivo liver, lung, and potentially other organ xenotransplantation.
A Numerical Study on Microgap-Based Focal Brain Cooling Device to Mitigate Hotspot for the Treatment of Epileptic Seizure
Authors: Narendran G. , Kumar Amit , Gnanasekaran N. , Arumuga Perumal D. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Epilepsy is a common chronic neurological disorder characterized by abnormally excessive and synchronized brain cell activities causing seizures. For proper functioning of the brain, epilepsy should be diagnosed with existing treatments such as medication therapy, lorazepam, benzodiazepine drug intake, and surgery. However, 30–40% of people continue to have a seizure because of the available treatments. So, the focal brain cooling device (FBC) is a new alternative cooling method in which affected brain tissue is cooled to suppress unprovoked seizures. The present numerical study investigates the cooling effectiveness by adding three different structured titanium micro pin fins in the existing base model. A finite volume-based software fluent-15.0 is used to perform transient heat transfer analysis and flow hydrodynamics. The numerical results obtained show that the temperature distribution is found and more uniform and diamond-structured micro pin fin takes less than 7 min to reach below 15 °C, which is desirable to diminish the high-frequency and high-amplitude epileptic discharges.
The Effects of Cadence Manipulation on Joint Kinetic Patterns and Stride-to-Stride Kinetic Variability in Female Runners
Authors: Massie Cheyanne , Redman Kelsey , Casper Samantha , Wissink Danielle , Dade Renee , Lowery Anna , Ross Kim , Sackiriyas Kanikkai Steni Balan , Almonroeder Thomas Gus 
Published: September 2022

Altering running cadence is commonly done to reduce the risk of running-related injury/reinjury. This study examined how altering running cadence affects joint kinetic patterns and stride-to-stride kinetic variability in uninjured female runners. Twenty-four uninjured female recreational runners ran on an instrumented treadmill with their typical running cadence and with a running cadence that was 7.5% higher and 7.5% lower than typical. Ground reaction force and kinematic data were recorded during each condition, and principal component analysis was used to capture the primary sources of variability from the sagittal plane hip, knee, and ankle moment time series. Runners exhibited a reduction in the magnitude of their knee extension moments when they increased their cadence and an increase in their knee extension moments when they lowered their cadence compared with when they ran with their typical cadence. They also exhibited greater stride-to-stride variability in the magnitude of their hip flexion moments and knee extension moments when they deviated from their typical running cadence (ie, running with either a higher or lower cadence). These differences suggest that runners could alter their cadence throughout a run in an attempt to limit overly repetitive localized tissue stresses.
Association between COVID-19 infection and work exposure assessed by the Mat-O-Covid job exposure matrix in the CONSTANCES cohort
Authors: Fadel Marc , Gilbert Fabien , Legeay Clément , Dubée Vincent , Esquirol Yolande , Verdun-Esquer Catherine , Dinh Aurelien , Sembajwe Grace , Goldberg Marcel , Roquelaure Yves , Leclerc Annette , Wiernik Emmanuel , Zins Marie , Descatha Alexis 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesThe COVID-19 pandemic has brought to light a new occupational health threat. We aimed to evaluate the association between COVID-19 infection and work exposure to SARS-CoV-2 assessed by a job-exposure matrix (JEM), in a large population cohort. We also estimated the population-attributable fraction among exposed subjects.MethodsWe used the SAPRIS-SERO sample of the CONSTANCES cohort, limited to subjects actively working, and with a job code available and a questionnaire on extra work activities. The following outcomes were assessed: COVID-19 diagnosis was made by a physician; a seropositivity to the ELISA-S test (‘serology strict’) and ELISA-S test intermediate with positive ELISA-NP or a positive neutralising antibodies SN (‘serology large’). Job exposure was assessed using Mat-O-Covid, an expert-based JEM with an Index used as a continuous variable and a threshold at 13/1000.ResultsThe sample included 18 999 subjects with 389 different jobs, 47.7% were men with a mean age of 46.2 years (±9.2 years). The Mat-O-Covid index taken as a continuous variable or with a threshold greater than 13/1000 was associated with all the outcomes in bivariable and multivariable logistic models. ORs were between 1.30 and 1.58, and proportion of COVID-19 attributable to work among exposed participants was between 20% and 40%.DiscussionUsing the Mat-O-Covid JEM applied to a large population, we found a significant association between work exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 infection, though the estimation of attributable fraction among exposed people remained low to moderate. Further studies during other exposed periods and with other methods are necessary.
The Optimum Lipid Level for the Juvenile Redclaw Crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus: Practical Diets with Soybean Oil as the Lipid Source
Authors: Chen Chengzhuang , Xu Chang , Yang Xiaolong , Jia Yongyi , Gu Zhimin , Li Erchao 
Published: September 2022

As a new species in aquaculture, the lipid nutrition requirement for the juvenile redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus on a dietary basis on a practical formula needs to be evaluated accurately. In this study, the optimum dietary lipid level was explained by analyzing the growth performance, antioxidant state, lipid metabolism, and gut microbiota of C. quadricarinatus after an eight-week cultivation trial. Six diets with different soybean oil levels (named L0, L2, L4, L6, L8, and L10) were fed to C. quadricarinatus (

11.39
±
0.28

g

). The results indicated that the specific growth rate and weight gain of crayfish fed the L4 and L6 diets were significantly higher than those of the other groups (

P
<
0.05

). By the analysis of a second-order polynomial regression model according to growth performance (weight gain rate), the optimum lipid level in a practical diet for juvenile C. quadricarinatus was 9.67%. The survival, condition factor, and hepatosomatic index of crayfish were not significantly affected by dietary oil levels (

P
>
0.05

). As the level of dietary lipids increased, the total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase activity in serum showed a tendency to rise and then fall and the enzyme activity was highest in crayfish fed the L6 diet. Gut lipase and pepsin activities showed the highest value in crayfish fed the L6 diet. There was no significant difference in acetyl-CoA carboxylase and carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 contents in crayfish among all the groups (

P
>
0.05

). The relative abundance of Proteobacteria in the phylum and Citrobacter in the genus showed a significant decrease in crayfish of the L10 diet, while the relative abundance of Firmicutes in the phylum markedly increased compared to that of the other groups (

P
<
0.05

). In summary, the results indicated that the 10.39% (L6 diet) dietary lipid level could induce better growth performance, antioxidant ability, and digestive enzyme activity. Most of the fatty acid composition of muscle is not closely related to the fatty acid composition of the diet. Moreover, the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota of C. quadricarinatus were changed by high dietary lipid levels.
Efficacy of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator in Nonischemic Systolic Heart Failure According to Sex: Extended Follow-Up Study of the DANISH Trial
Authors: Butt Jawad H. , Yafasova Adelina , Elming Marie B. , Dixen Ulrik , Nielsen Jens C. , Haarbo Jens , Videbæk Lars , Korup Eva , Bruun Niels E. , Eiskjær Hans , Brandes Axel , Thøgersen Anna M. , Gustafsson Finn , Egstrup Kenneth , Hassager Christian , Svendsen Jesper Hastrup , Høfsten Dan E. , Torp-Pedersen Christian , Pehrson Steen , Thune Jens Jakob , Køber Lars 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Men and women may respond differently to certain therapies for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, including implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD). In an extended follow-up study of the DANISH trial (Danish Study to Assess the Efficacy of ICDs in Patients With Non-Ischemic Systolic Heart Failure on Mortality), adding 4 years of additional follow-up, we examined the effect of ICD implantation according to sex.

Methods:
In the DANISH trial, 1116 patients with nonischemic systolic heart failure were randomized to receive an ICD (N=556) or usual clinical care (N=550). The primary outcome was all-cause mortality.

Results:

Of the 1116 patients randomized in the DANISH trial, 307 (27.5%) were women. During a median follow-up of 9.5 years, women had a lower associated rate of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 0.60 [95% CI, 0.47–0.78]) cardiovascular death (HR, 0.62 [95% CI, 0.46–0.84]), nonsudden cardiovascular death (HR, 0.59 [95% CI, 0.42–0.85]), and a numerically lower rate of sudden cardiovascular death (HR, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.40–1.25]), compared with men. Compared with usual clinical care, ICD implantation did not reduce the rate of all-cause mortality, irrespective of sex (men, HR, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.69–1.06]; women, HR, 0.98 [95% CI, 0.64–1.50];
P
interaction=0.51). In addition, sex did not modify the effect of ICD implantation on sudden cardiovascular death (men, HR, 0.57 [95% CI, 0.36–0.92]; women, HR, 0.68 [95% CI, 0.26–1.77];
P
interaction=0.76).

Conclusions:
In patients with nonischemic systolic heart failure, ICD implantation did not provide an overall survival benefit, but reduced sudden cardiovascular death, irrespective of sex.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT00542945.
Deep Learning for Explainable Estimation of Mortality Risk From Myocardial Positron Emission Tomography Images
Authors: Singh Ananya , Kwiecinski Jacek , Miller Robert J.H. , Otaki Yuka , Kavanagh Paul B. , Van Kriekinge Serge D. , Parekh Tejas , Gransar Heidi , Pieszko Konrad , Killekar Aditya , Tummala Ramyashree , Liang Joanna X. , Di Carli Marcelo F. , Berman Daniel S. , Dey Damini , Slomka Piotr J. 
Published: September 2022

Background:
We aim to develop an explainable deep learning (DL) network for the prediction of all-cause mortality directly from positron emission tomography myocardial perfusion imaging flow and perfusion polar map data and evaluate it using prospective testing.

Methods:

A total of 4735 consecutive patients referred for stress and rest
82
Rb positron emission tomography between 2010 and 2018 were followed up for all-cause mortality for 4.15 (2.24–6.3) years. DL network utilized polar maps of stress and rest perfusion, myocardial blood flow, myocardial flow reserve, and spill-over fraction combined with cardiac volumes, singular indices, and sex. Patients scanned from 2010 to 2016 were used for training and validation. The network was tested in a set of 1135 patients scanned from 2017 to 2018 to simulate prospective clinical implementation.

Results:

In prospective testing, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for all-cause mortality prediction by DL (0.82 [95% CI, 0.77–0.86]) was higher than ischemia (0.60 [95% CI, 0.54–0.66];
P
<0.001), myocardial flow reserve (0.70 [95% CI, 0.64–0.76],
P
<0.001) or a comprehensive logistic regression model (0.75 [95% CI, 0.69–0.80],
P
<0.05). The highest quartile of patients by DL had an annual all-cause mortality rate of 11.87% and had a 16.8 ([95% CI, 6.12%–46.3%];
P
<0.001)-fold increase in the risk of death compared with the lowest quartile patients. DL showed a 21.6% overall reclassification improvement as compared with established measures of ischemia.

Conclusions:
The DL model trained directly on polar maps allows improved patient risk stratification in comparison with established methods for positron emission tomography flow or perfusion assessments.