bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behavior-specific binary machine learning models: Bout length of behavioral elements as biologically relevant parameter improves machine learning accuracy in analysis of dog behavior sequences
Authors: Csizmadia Gábor , Daróczy Bálint , Ferdinandy Bence , Miklósi Ádám 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Machine learning methods are frequently used to detect behavioral and ecological data patterns. Even though these new mathematical methods are useful tools, the results are often ambivalent if we do not utilize biologically relevant parameters in the analyses. In our experiment, we analyzed whether the bout length of behavior elements could be a relevant parameter to determine the window length used by the machine learning method. We defined eight behavior elements and collected motion data with a smartwatch attached to the dog’s collar. The behavior sequences of 56 freely moving dogs from various breeds were analyzed by deploying a specific software (SensDog). The behavior recognition was based on binary classification that was evaluated with a Light Gradient Boosted Machine (LGBM) learning algorithm, a boosted decision-tree-based method with a 3-fold cross-validation. We used the sliding window technique during the signal processing, and we aimed at finding the best window size for the analysis of each behavior element to achieve the most effective settings. Our results showed that in the case of all behavior elements the best recognition with the highest AUC values was achieved when the window size corresponded to the median bout length of that particular behavior. In summary, the most effective strategy to improve significantly the accuracy of the recognition of behavioral elements is using behavior-specific parameters in the binary classification models, choosing behavior-specific window sizes (even when using the same ML model) and synchronizing the bout length of the behavior element with the time window length.
Will standalone/collaborative anatomical research revolutionize clinical practice?
Authors: Singh Rajani , duparc Fabrice , Jones David Gareth , Gupta Kavita , Kumar Rahul 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The development of science and technology with changing life style has thrown many challenges to the medical education, besides, the complexity of human body and diseases. This, alarms the existing clinical practice to equip it with intensive integrated research in Anatomy to combat these threats and challenges. Therefore, this study is aimed at analyzing the of grey areas in clinical practice due to lack of research in Human Anatomy to improve safe and successful clinical practice.
Methods
A questionnaire, consisting of 15 questions, has been designed to seek the feedback from medical faculties to assess the degree of need of research in Anatomy to improve clinical practice. The scale for degree of need of research in Anatomy has been conceived such that if the responses of subjects fall in the range 9 to 15, it is most essential, if the responses lie within 7–8, it is essential and if answers fall in the range of 1–6 it is not essential. The means and percentages of viewpoints have been computed.
Results
The statistical mean analysis of feedback survey reveals that anatomical standalone/collaborative research is most essential. However, percentage analysis of individual subjects reveals that total population in the range of 67%-100% advocate anatomical research to be most essential, 0%-33% plead for essential and none of the subjects expressed their viewpoints for research to be not essential.
Conclusion
Statistical analysis of feedback and review of literature reveal integrated standalone/synergistic anatomical research is most essential to improve clinical practice.
Progressive and asymmetric active and passive mechanisms of shallow tunnels under the effect of seismic forces
Authors: Wang Zhuhong , Xu Baiyang , Zhang Sheng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
To investigate the effect of the seismic force on asymmetric failure mechanisms of shallow tunnels, progressive and asymmetric active and passive failure mechanisms of shallow tunnels were discussed in this paper. In each of these failure mechanisms, the lower stratum was inclined, and there were four different detaching curves. Based on the nonlinear yield criterion and the upper bound theorem of limit analysis, the expressions of detaching curves for describing the active and passive failure mechanisms of shallow circular tunnels were first derived by the variational method. Then the equations for calculating the range and weight of the failure blocks were obtained. After sensitivity analysis of parameters, the range and weight of the failure blocks under different parameters were computed. According to the results of this study, the rock stratum inclination has a decisive effect on the symmetry of both active and passive failure mechanisms of shallow circular tunnels. Besides, the seismic force is an important factor affecting the stability of the tunnel roof.
A Machine Learning Approach for Advisors to Discover in Higher Education
Authors: Ahmed Areeba , Rehman Saif ur 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In higher education, an institute thesis is under the supervision of a scholar with a comparable research interest. An appropriate match has to be made between the topics of scholars and the area of scholar expertise and skills. The determination of the final thesis supervisor is an important factor in the work of the scholar thesis. A system is needed for the information of the scholar and scholar matching for the determination of the supervisors. As currently, the HEC supervisor directory is there, but it is not up to date. There are a lot of supervisor recommendation systems like the cosine similarity technique uses keywords from a text as a metric to calculate the similarity of two scholars in different categories and many others. But theses recommendation system is working on the parameter of supervisor personality matching, criteria and sub-criteria of advisor system and some other demission’s relevance, connectedness, and quality. But, they do not focus on the similarity matching of their area of interest, w.r.t their publications and citations. Thus, a system is needed for the recommendation of the supervisor matching the relevancy according to their domain area, number of citations and publications. This paper explores a system of “SRAF” that assists scholars in finding the best-matched scholar. This proposed framework is different from the existing models because the dataset implemented has some additional features through which it matches the appropriate supervisor like number of area of specializations, publications, and citations. The framework matches the area of interest recommended w.r.t supervisors’ publications and citations to find the best supervisors according to the scholars’ research topic. The success of scholar research not only determined by the supervisor chosen but is also greatly influenced by the performance of the scholar and intellect, aspects which in turn affect higher education.
Thermal activation and structural succession of coal gangue in southern Sichuan, China
Authors: Zhou Jianmin , Hu Yingru , Chen Dexue , Bai Xueli , Ma Yuting , Fu Yongsheng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Coal gangue is rich in kaolin clay minerals, which can be used as raw materials for the preparation of adsorbents and intermediates of adsorbents, and is important for the high added value utilization of coal gangue. In this study, coal gangue from southern Sichuan, China, was activated and characterized by calcination at 100~900 °C, and the succession laws of the phase, microstructure and physical properties under thermal activation conditions were studied. Results showed that the content of active hydroxyl groups in the thermally activated coal gangue was the highest, and the chemical reaction activity was highest at 800 °C for 2 h. The pore structure of thermally activated coal gangue is primarily mesoporous, which nearly disappears at 900 ℃. The specific surface area of thermally activated coal gangue is highest at 600 ℃ and lowest at 900 ℃. The results of this study provide a reference for the preparation of adsorbents and adsorbent intermediates from coal gangue.
Interleukin-17 and tumor necrosis factor show a functional hierarchy to regulate the production of matrix metalloproteases by monocytes from patients with psoriasis
Authors: Springall Rashidi , Ortega-Springall Maria Fernanda , Guerrero-Ponce Ana Elena , Vega-Memije María Elisa , Amezcua-Guerra Luis M 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Interleukin-17 (IL-17) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) regulate the remodeling of the extracellular matrix by endopeptidases. However, it is not yet clear whether these cytokines have a functional hierarchy. This study aimed to assess whether IL-17 and TNF are hierarchically structured in psoriasis. Monocytes from 60 patients with plaque psoriasis and 60 non-psoriatic controls were stimulated in vitro with IL-17 or TNF, and the production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitor (TIMP-1) were measured. Serum levels of inflammatory mediators also were measured. Serum levels of TNF, IL-17, MMP-1, and MMP-9 were higher in psoriasis than in control subjects. Basal productions of MMP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-9 by monocytes were higher in psoriasis than in controls, while TIMP-1 production was lower. TNF stimulation increased all MMPs in psoriasis and controls; TIMP-1 production was unchanged. IL-17 stimulation increased all MMPs in psoriasis and controls and decreased TIMP-1 production only in psoriasis. MMP-9 production was higher in monocytes stimulated with IL-17 compared to TNF in psoriasis and controls. TIMP-1 production decreased more with IL-17 than with TNF, but only in cells from psoriasis patients. MMP-1/TIMP-1, MMP-2/TIMP-1, and MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratios were higher after IL-17 stimulation (compared to TNF stimulation) in psoriasis; this occurred in monocytes from controls only for the MMP-2/TIMP-1 ratio. In conclusion, IL-17 has a greater capacity than TNF to dysregulate the balance between MMPs and their tissue inhibitor. This hierarchical supremacy supports the blockade of IL-17 as the first line of treatment in plaque psoriasis over TNF inhibitors.
ICAM2 initiates trans-Blood-CSF barrier migration and stemness properties in leptomeningeal metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Lu Pei-Jung , Pan Jhih-Kai , Lin Wen-Der , Kuo Yao-Lung , Chen Yu-Chia , Loh Zhu-Jun , Lin Forn-Chia , Cheng Hui-Chuan , Hsiao Michael 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) occurs when tumor cells spread to the leptomeningeal space surrounding the brain and the spinal cord, thereby causing poor clinical outcomes. The triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has been associated with symptoms of LM and mechanism remained unclear. Through proteomic analysis, we identified high expression of ICAM2 in leptomeningeal metastatic TNBC cells, which promoted the colonization of the spinal cord and resulted in poor survivalin vivo. Two-way demonstration indicated that high levels of ICAM2 promoted blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCB) adhesion, trans-BCB migration, and stemness abilities and determined the specificity of LMin vivo. Furthermore, pulldown and antibody neutralizing assay revealed that ICAM2 determined the specificity of LM through interactions with ICAM1 in the choroid plexus epithelial cells. Therefore, neutralizing ICAM2 can attenuate the progression of LM and prolong survivalin vivo. The results suggested that targeting ICAM2 is a potential therapeutic strategy for LM in TNBC.
The Optimal Surgery Timing After Stenting in Colorectal Cancer Patients with Malignant Obstruction: Additionally Compared with Emergency Surgery
Authors: Na Ji Eun , Kim Eun Ran , Kim Ji Eun , Hong Sung Noh , Kim Young-Ho , Chang Dong Kyung 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background and study aim
The optimal surgery timing after stenting remains unclear in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with malignant obstruction. The objective of this study was to compare short-term and long-term outcomes according to the time interval after stenting. These outcomes were also compared with those of emergency surgery (ES).
Patients and methods
CRC patients with malignant obstruction who had obstructive symptoms between January 2008 and July 2018 were reviewed retrospectively, including 133 patients who visited the emergency room and subsequently underwent ES and 220 patients initially treated with stenting who subsequently underwent elective surgery. The time interval between self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) placement and elective surgery was classified as < 11 days, 11–17 days, and > 17 days. Short-term and long-term outcomes were compared.
Results
For those who received SEMS, the group with time interval of 11–17 days had fewer hospital days than the group with time interval < 11 days and the proportion of stoma formation was lower than that in the group with time interval of > 17 days. Multivariable analysis revealed a decreased risk of death only in the group with time interval of 11–17 days compared to the ES group (HR: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.24–0.97). Disease-free survival was comparable between time interval groups and the ES group (log-rank P = 0.52).
Conclusions
Approximately two weeks of the time interval after stenting to the elective surgery was reasonable.
The Impact of Manufacturing Sector on Economic Growth in Nigeria
Authors: Ogundipe Michael 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this study, the effects of Nigeria's manufacturing sector on economic growth between 1981 and 2018 are examined. In order to examine the relationship between the specified explanatory factors and the growth of the Nigerian economy, the study uses the OLS regression methodology. The findings indicate that the manufacturing sector's output has a positive and significant link with the increase of the gross domestic product, indicating that it has a favorable impact on that growth. The fact that this variable is significant suggests that Nigeria's manufacturing industry is currently one of the country's main economic drivers. Additionally, there is a strong and positive correlation between capital and GDP, which suggests that capital can help drive GDP growth. The link between labor and GDP growth is both favorable and significant, indicating that labor has a beneficial impact on GDP. The link between foreign direct investment and gross domestic product is strong and positive, indicating that FDI has a beneficial impact on GDP growth. The link between exchange rate and GDP is both positive and insignificant, which suggests that Nigeria's exchange rate management is subpar. The fact that the manufacturing sector of the Nigerian economy is currently one of the country's main driving forces may be responsible for the considerable and favorable impact of manufacturing production on economic growth.
Entropy based assessment of rainfall dynamics
with varying elevations for hilly areas of Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Singh Shekhar , Kumar Deepak , Kumar Anil 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Rainfall is the main element of the hydrological cycle and has a direct impact on agriculture sectors. A regular pattern of rainfall results in a healthy crop production, extreme events such as flood and drought, industrial and domestic sectors etc. The present study tried to explore the variability in rainfall pattern with elevation differences in hilly areas, using different measure of entropy indices based on monthly, seasonal and annual scale. The study was carried out for the hilly areas of Uttarakhand. The selected hilly districts of Uttarakhand for this study was Almora, Kashipur, Lansdowne, and Mukteshwar stations. The rainfall data of 116 years from 1901 to 2016 has been used. In the present study, Shannon entropy has been used and variability in rainfall pattern has been done using Mean Marginal Disorder Index (MMDI) and apportionment disorder index. The results suggested that in light of seasonal analysis, post-monsoon season had a high MMDI (0.345) for Lansdowne station followed by Mukteshwar (0.309), and Almora (0.304). However, the highest MMDI (0.340) was recorded for Kashipur during pre-monsoon season, while pre-monsoon season had lowest MMDI for Mukteshwar station followed by Almora and Lansdowne station, although, lowest MMDI was recorded during winter season of Kashipur station. The results revealed that Kashipur and Lansdowne station had high rainfall variability, whereas Almora and Mukteshwar stations had less rainfall variability. The present study revealed that variability in rainfall and rainy days was not uniform everywhere and places at higher elevation has less temporal variability of rainfall patterns and number of rainy days.
Cultural Evolution of Central African hunter-gatherers reflects a deep history of interconnectivity
Authors: Padilla-Iglesias Cecilia , Blanco-Portillo Javier , Ioannidis Alexander , Manica Andrea , Vinicius Lucio , Migliano Andrea 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Central African hunter-gatherers (CAHGs) are widely seen as isolated populations displaced into the forest by the expansion of Bantu-speaking farmers. By contrast, recent studies revealed various genetic signs of long-term adaptation of CAHGs to forest environments and independence from Bantu demography. It remains unclear whether cultural diversity among CAHGs is better explained by long-term cultural evolution preceding agriculture, or by recent borrowing from neighbouring farmers. We compiled cultural data on musical instruments, foraging tools, and specialised vocabulary as well as genome-wide SNP data from 10 CAHG populations. Our analyses revealed evidence of genetic and cultural large-scale interconnectivity among CAHGs, both before and after the Bantu expansion. By decomposing genomic segments into sets with distinct ancestry depths, we demonstrate that the distribution of hunter-gatherer musical instruments correlates with the oldest genomic segments in our sample. Music-related words are also widely shared between Western and Eastern groups and most likely precede the recent borrowing of Bantu languages. Subsistence tools result from long-term adaptation to locally differentiated ecologies and are less frequently exchanged over long distances. Our results provide evidence that CAHG culture is the outcome of a deep history of long-range interconnectivity and occupation of forest environments in the Congo Basin. We conclude that CAHGs should no longer be seen as encapsulated groups recently marginalised into the forest, but as populations with a central role in our understanding of modern human origins.
Deep Learning Based Approach: An Efficient Anomaly Detecting from Various Medical Signals and Medical Images Using CNNs
Authors: Abbass Mohamed Y. , Kwon Ki-Chul , Kim Nam , Haggag Nehad , Ibrahim Fatma , Mahrous Yasser , Seddik Ahmad , Khalil Ali , Elsherbeeny Zeinab , El-Shafai Walid , Rihan Mohamad , El-Banby Ghada , Soltan Eman , soliman nagla , Algarni Abeer , alhanafy waleed , Elfishawy Adel , El-Rabaie El-Sayed , Al-Nuaimy Waleed , Dessouky Moawad , Saleeb Adel , Messiha Nagy , El-Dokany Ibrahim , Sayed fathi , Khalaf Ashraf , El-Bendary Mohsen 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In the Artificial Intelligence (AI) field, the deep learning is considered a method falls in the wide machine learning algorithms family based on the learning principle. The known traditional and Conventional Neural Networks (CNNs) have been utilized in the pattern recognition techniques based on the deep learning concepts from different images. Due to the importance of the Anomaly Detection (AD) in automatic diagnosis, it is essential and vital point in the image and medical signal processing. In this paper, the AD has been tested and evaluated using the signals of the medical EEG employing the spectrogram and medical corneal images. The deep learning based on the CNN models are employed in the processes of training and testing, each image input passes through a convolution layers series and Kernels filters. For the classification, the pooling and Fully Connected (FC) layers have been utilized for this purpose. In this research paper, the experiments computer simulation have been presented, its results reveal that the success and superiority of the presented proposed techniques in the automated medical diagnosis.
Assessing wastewater pollution from outdoor night markets and its impacts on river quality
Authors: Kang Shyh-Fang , Lin Jen-Yang , Chong Kean-Yip , Lin Yu-Tse , Chen Chi-Feng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNight markets are attractive tourist sites in Asian cities. However, the outdoor activities produce different types of pollutants. Air pollution and solid waste in night markets have received much attention, but wastewater pollution from night markets has rarely been examined. The untreated wastewater are discharged into roadside gutters and might contaminate receiving waterbodies. In this study, night markets in Taipei city, Taiwan, were surveyed to clarify the characteristics of wastewater. The sampled wastewater showed high levels of organic substances, oil and grease, and phosphorous but low levels of nitrogen compounds. In addition, the unit pollution loads in night market stalls were obtained. The BOD load of each stall in the night markets was 2,509 g/day, which is higher than the sewage emissions of 50 people. In order to know the impacts of night market wastewater on the receiving waterbody, a water quality model, the Water Quality Analysis Simulation Program (WASP), was used in the studied river, Keelung River. If night market wastewater could be collected (not discharged), the BOD concentration could be reduced by 9.8%, but the NH3-N and DO concentration could be reduced by less than 1%.
Lactoferrin: An Effective Weapon in the Battle Against Bacterial Infections
Authors: Avalos-Gómez Christian , Ramírez-Rico Gerardo , Ruiz-Mazón Lucero , Sicairos Nidia León , Serrano-Luna Jesús , de la Garza Mireya 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacterial strains with respect to commercially available antimicrobial drugs has marked a watershed in treatment therapies to fight pathogens and has stimulated research on alternative remedies. Proteins of the innate immune system of mammals have been highlighted as potentially yielding possible treatment options for infections. Lactoferrin (Lf) is one of these proteins; interestingly, no resistance to it has been found. Lf is a conserved cationic nonheme glycoprotein that is abundant in milk and is also present in low quantities in mucosal secretions. Moreover, Lf is produced and secreted by the secondary granules of neutrophils at infection sites. Lf is a molecule of approximately 80 kDa that displays multiple functions, such as antimicrobial, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer actions. Lf can synergize with antibiotics, increasing its potency against bacteria. Lactoferricins (Lfcins) are peptides resulting from the N-terminal end of Lf by proteolytic cleavage with pepsin. They exhibit several anti-bacterial effects similar to those of the parental glycoprotein. Synthetic analog peptides exhibiting potent antimicrobial properties have been designed. The aim of this review is to update understanding of the structure and effects of Lf and Lfcins as anti-bacterial compounds, focusing on the mechanisms of action in bacteria and the use of Lf in treatment of infections in patients, including those studies where no significant differences were found. Lf could be an excellent option for prevention and treatment of bacterial diseases, mainly in combined therapies with antibiotics or other antimicrobials.