bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural history of hepatitis B virus-associated decompensated cirrhosis with low-level viremia: a retrospective study
Authors: Huang Xu , Yan Meimei , Deng Zerun , Yao Lei , Han Dan , Sun Lihua 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background and Aims:Patients with low-level hepatitis B virus (HBV) viremia, HBV DNA negativity, and HBsAg negativity can still progress to decompensated cirrhosis; however, clinical research data in such patients, especially treatment-naïve patients, are currently insufficient. This study assessed the natural history of aforementioned patients.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the data of 250 patients with HBV-associated decompensated cirrhosis(HBV DNA＜2000IU/mL) who had not been treated with antiviral medication.ResultsThe mean age of the 250 patients was 53.90 ± 11.73 years and 183 patients (73.2%) were male. HBV DNA, HBsAg, and HBeAg positivity was detected in 77 (30.8%), 200 (80%), and 137 (54.8%) patients, respectively. HBsAg (odds ratio [OR], 3.303; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.338–8.152; P = 0.010) and HBeAg (OR, 0.200; 95% CI, 0.107–0.376; P < 0.001) positivity were independent factors for LLV. The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (P < 0.001) and portal vein thrombosis (P = 0.001) was higher in the LLV group. Multivariate analysis showed that HBV DNA positivity (OR, 3.548; 95% CI, 1.463–8.604; P = 0.005), HBeAg positivity (OR, 0.080; 95% CI, 0.022–0.289; P < 0.001), and glutamyltransferase (GGT) (OR, 1.003; 95% CI, 1.000–1.006; P = 0.040) were independent factors for HCC. Age was not related to the occurrence of cirrhosis complications.ConclusionPatients with HBV-associated decompensated cirrhosis still had severe liver damage and could develop severe cirrhosis complications. HCC risk was higher in LLV patients. HBsAg positivity and HBeAg negativity may be associated to the occurrence of LLV.
Flexible parametric methods for calculating life expectancy in small populations
Authors: Tyrer Freya , Chudasama Yogini , Lambert Paul , Rutherford Mark J 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
BackgroundLife expectancy is a simple measure of assessing health differences between two or more populations but current life expectancy calculations are not reliable for small populations. A potential solution to this is to borrow strength from larger populations from the same source but this has not formally been investigated.MethodsUsing data on 451,222 individuals from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) on the presence/absence of intellectual disability and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), we compared stratified and combined flexible parametric models, and Chiang’s methods, for calculating life expectancy. Confidence intervals were calculated using the Delta method, Chiang’s adjusted life table approach and bootstrapping.ResultsThe flexible parametric models allowed calculation of life expectancy by exact age and beyond traditional life expectancy age thresholds. The combined model that fit age interaction effects as a spline term provided greater statistical precision for small covariate subgroups by borrowing strength from the larger subgroups. However, careful consideration of the distribution of events in the smallest group was needed.ConclusionsLife expectancy is a simple measure to compare health differences between populations. The use of combined flexible parametric methods to calculate life expectancy in small samples has shown promising results by allowing life expectancy to be modelled by exact age, greater statistical precision and prediction of different covariate patterns without stratification. We recommend further investigation of their application for both policymakers and researchers.
Specific cutting energy and surface roughness in high-speed dry milling of 30CrMnSiNi2A steel with CVD and PVD coated inserts
Authors: Jin Zhang , Kang Xinzhen , Cao Huajun , Yi Hao , Huang Xuefeng , Li Chengchao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Existing research on coated tools does not predict data while exploring the changing rules. As well as the traditional cutting process parameters neither guarantees the surface quality of the 30CrMnSiNi2A nor attains high material removal rate (MRR). Accurate control and prediction of workpiece three-dimensional surface roughness (Sq) and specific cutting energy consumption (SCEC) are of vital significance to improve quality, reduce cost and improve efficiency. Here, according to the new SCEC calculation model and the influence of measuring position on Sq, the SCEC and Sq values are accurately obtained. Then, based on the idea of fitting formula, the influence of cutting parameters on SCEC and Sq in high-speed dry (HSD) milling of 30CrMnSiNi2A steel is analyzed according to CVD and PVD coated inserts. Finally, the SCEC and Sq prediction models considering coating type, cutting speed, feed per tooth and cutting width are established by using the XGBoost algorithm. The R2 values of SCEC and Sq are 0.92465 and 0.91527, respectively, indicating that the model has a good prediction effect on experimental data. The feasibility of HSD milling of 30CrMnSiNi2A steel with CVD and PVD coated inserts is verified by analyzing SCEC, Sq and cutting temperature, which provides experimental basis for high efficiency and high precision machining of 30CrMnSiNi2A steel.
New human ATM variants are able to regain ATM functions in Ataxia Telangiectasia disease
Authors: Ricci Anastasia , Biancucci Federica , Morganti Gianluca , Magnani Mauro , Menotta Michele 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Ataxia Telangiectasia is a rare neurodegenerative disease caused by biallelic mutations in the Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated gene. No cure is currently available for these patients but positive effects on neurologic features in AT patients have been achieved by dexamethasone administration through autologous erythrocytes (EryDex) in phase II and phase III clinical trials, leading us to explore the molecular mechanisms behind the drug action. During these investigations new ATM variants, which originated from alternative splicing of ATM messenger, were discovered, and detected in vivo in the blood of AT patients treated with EryDex. Some of the new ATM variants, alongside an i n silico designed one, were characterized and examined in AT fibroblast cell lines. ATM variants were capable of rescuing ATM activity in AT cells, particularly in the nuclear role of DNA DSBs recognition and repair, and in the cytoplasmic role of modulating autophagy, antioxidant capacity and mitochondria functionality, all of the features that are compromised in AT but essential for neuron survival. These outcomes are triggered by the kinase and further functional domains of the tested ATM variants, that are useful for restoring cellular functionality. The in silico designed ATM variant eliciting most of the functionality recover may be exploited in gene therapy or gene delivery for the treatment of AT patients.
The FBXO32/ATR/ATM axis acts as a molecular switch to control the sensitivity of osteosarcoma cells to irradiation through its regulation of EXO1 expression
Authors: Lu Yao , Huang Panpan , Li Yanli , Liu Wenyu , Li Jing , Zhao Rui , Shi Ce , Cao Gaolu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone cancer in children and adolescents. In clinical treatments, the insensitivity of OS to conventional radiotherapy regimens significantly contributes to poor patient prognosis and survival. EXO1 is responsible for DNA repair pathways and telomere maintenance. Meanwhile, ATM and ATR are considered switches as they can regulate the expression of EXO1. However, their expression and interaction in OS cells under irradiation (IR) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the roles of FBXO32, ATM, ATR and EXO1 in OS radiotherapy insensitivity and poor patient prognosis and explore potential pathogenic mechanisms. Methods: Bioinformatics methods were employed to analyze differential gene expression and the correlations with prognosis in OS. Cell counting kit 8 assays, clone formation assays, and flow cytometry were used to evaluate cell survival and apopotosis under IR. Co-IP assays detected protein-protein interactions. Results: Bioinformatics analysis revealed that EXO1 is closely related to the survival, apoptosis and poorer prognosis in OS. The silencing of EXO1 suppressed cell proliferation and increased the sensitivity of OS cells. Molecular biological experiments showed that the ATM and ATR acted as the switch to regulate EXO1 expression under IR. Conclusion: Higher expression of EXO1, which was closely correlated with IR insensitivity and poorer prognosis, might be used as a prognostic indicator for OS. Phosphorylated-ATM enhanced the expression of EXO1, and phosphorylated-ATR induced the degradation of EXO1. More importantly, FBXO32 degraded ATR via ubiquitination in time dependent. Our data may provide a reference for future research on mechanisms, clinical diagnosis, and treatment of OS.
Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence for Perioperative Tracking Patients: Towards a New Model for an Operating Rooms
Authors: Bottani Eleonora , Bellini Valentina , Mordonini Monica , Pellegrino Mattia , Lombardo Gianfranco , Franchi Beatrice , Craca Michelangelo , Bignami Elena 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Operating rooms management is a critical point in healthcare organizations; inefficient scheduling and allocation of human and physical resources are often present. This study aims to automatically collect data from a real surgical scenario to develop an integrated technological-organizational model that optimizes the operating block resources.Each patient is real-time tracked and located by wearing a bracelet sensor with a unique identifier. Exploiting indoor localization, the software architecture is able to collect the time spent in every steps inside the surgical block. The preliminary results are promising, making the study feasible and functional. Times automatically recorded are much more precise than those collected by humans and reported in the organization's information system. In addition, Machine Learning can exploit the historical data collection to predict the surgery time required for each patient according to the patient’s specific profile. This approach will make it possible to plan short and long-term strategies optimizing the available resources.
Elucidation of independently modulated genes in Streptococcus pyogenes reveals carbon sources that control its expression of hemolytic toxins
Authors: Hirose Yujiro , Poudel Saugat , Sastry Anand , Rychel Kevin , Zielinski Daniel , Lim Hyun Gyu , Menon Nitasha , Bergsten Helena , Uchiyama Satoshi , Hanada Tomoki , Kawabata Shigetada , Palsson Bernhard , Nizet Victor 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Streptococcus pyogenes can cause a wide variety of acute infections throughout the body of its human host. The underlying transcriptional regulatory network (TRN) is responsible for altering the physiological state of the bacterium to adapt to each host environment. Consequently, an in-depth understanding the comprehensive dynamics of its TRN could inform new therapeutic strategies. Here, we compiled 116 existing high-quality RNA-seq data sets of S. pyogenes serotype M1, and estimated the TRN structure in a top-down fashion by performing independent component analysis (ICA). The algorithm computed 42 independently modulated sets of genes (iModulons). Four iModulons contained nga-ifs-slo virulence-related operon, which allowed us to identify carbon sources that control its expression. In particular, dextrin utilization upregulated nga-ifs-slo operon by activation of two-component regulatory system CovRS-related iModulons, and changed bacterial hemolytic activity compared to glucose or maltose utilization. Finally, we show that the iModulon-based TRN structure can be used to simplify interpretation of noisy bacterial transcriptome at the infection site.
DNMT1 has prognostic values in HER2-positive breast cancer
Authors: Chu Pei-Yi , Wu Hsing-Ju , Chen Po-Ming , Wang Shin-Mae , Lin Hung-Yu , Tang Feng-Yao , Chiang En-Pei Isabel 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background:
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) was found to induce aberrant methylation in critical genes involved in insulin signaling and angiogenesis in humans, presumably due to protein stabilization of DNA methyltransferases. Whether IL-6 and DNMT1 impact breast cancer (BC) prognosis remains unknown.
Methods
TIMER2.0 web server was used for comprehensive analysis from TCGA. Associations between DNMT1 and IL-6 in tumor immune microenvironment was explored via single cell sequencing (SCS) from TISCH. IL-6 and DNMT1 expressions were investigated in tissue microarray of our own cohort (n = 285) as well as in BC cell-lines. Invasion activity was compared between high and low IL-6/DNMT expressing BC cell-lines treated with/without IL-6 antibody.
Results
DNMT1 mRNA was significantly higher in the BC tissues (p < 0.001) with a mutation rate of 1.16%. A positive correlation between IL-6 and DNMT1 protein levels was found in tissue array. Increased IL-6 mRNA did not appear to be a good prognostic marker for overall survival in HER2 + BC patients whereas higher DNMT1 mRNA was a good prognostic marker for poor overall survival in HER2 + BC patients. Among different BC subtypes in our cohort, hormone receptor negative (HR-)/HER2 positive (HER2+) patients had the poorest survival (n = 43). Cox regression indicated that IL-6, and DNMT1 are independent prognostic factors in HR-/HER2 + BC patients. DNMT1 expressed in malignant cells, also in innate and adaptive immune cells including macrophages, CD4(+)T and CD8(+)T cells, whereas IL-6 was only found in malignant cells. HER2 + MDA-MB-453 (high IL-6/high DNMT1) exhibited higher invasiveness compared to HER2 + SKBR3 (low IL-6/low DNMT1). IL-6 (10 ng/ml) significantly promoted the invasiveness in SKBR3 whereas IL-6 antibody (10 µg/ml) significantly suppressed the invasiveness of MDA-MB-453.
Conclusions
DNMT1 overexpression could be responsible for HR-/HER2 + BC progression in tumor immune microenvironment. We suggest that IL-6 inhibition in combination with anti-HER2 therapy is a potential therapeutic strategy for treating DNMT1-overexpressing HER2-positive BC patients.
Development of Novel Privacy User based Authentication Approach on Internet of Drones in Wireless Communication
Authors: Guduru Rama Krishna , C Vanmathi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Drone internet of things (IoT) is a new computer system idea that describes future technological deployments using diverse drone/node communication methods in 5G-oriented networks. It has emerged in recent years. Sophisticated 5G networks are constantly updating the information of users in data sharing with quick adoption of advanced computing. Security/privacy is required to access data in-between users and also necessitates an efficient user’s cryptographic techniques to provide strong authentication users’ secure keys. Chebyshev Polynomial Source Authentication Schema based on Elliptic Curve Cryptography (CPSASECC) is proposed to offer secure data services for users in 5G network systems to obtain data straightly from a drone/user to permitted access from another drones/users. Wireless communication uses one-way communication with various characteristic vulner-abilities and uses Chebyshev polynomials for linear data exchange. To exchange session keys using comparable safe channels in wireless IoD, employ Elliptic curve cryptography with interactive computational load and secure connections for authentication using elliptic curve encryption. According to the results of this approach’s performance study, it is possible to share data across multiple users while maintaining safe authentication. Data transmission in a wireless IoD environment is more efficient and safer to theoretical/se-curity analysis that improves the quality-of-service characteristics.
The postoperative analgesic efficacy of different regional anesthesia techniques in breast cancer surgery: a network meta-analysis
Authors: an ran , Wang Dan , Liang Xiao Long , Chen Qi , Pang Qian Yun , Liu Hongliang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Different regional anesthesia techniques have been successfully performed for pain management in breast cancer surgery, but it is unclear which is the best regional anesthesia technique The aim of the present network meta-analysis was to assess the analgesic efficacy and disadvantages of all regional anesthesia techniques. Methods: Multiple databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The primary outcomes were acute postoperative pain (rest), postoperative morphine consumption, incidence of chronic pain and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). The association between the regional anesthesia and analgesic efficacy was evaluated by Bayesian network meta-analysis.Results: We included 100 RCTs and 6639 patients in this study. The network meta-analysis showed that paravertebral nerve block, pectoral nerve-2 block, serratus anterior plane block, erector spinae plane block, rhomboid intercostal block and local anesthetic infusion were associated with significantly decreased postoperative pain scores, morphine consumption and incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting compared with no block. Regarding the incidence of chronic pain (3 months postoperatively), no significance was detected between the different regional anesthesia techniques. In the cumulative ranking curve analysis, the rank of rhomboid intercostal block was the for postoperative care unit pain scores, postoperative 24-hour morphine consumption and incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Furthermore, pectoral nerve-1 block, interscalene brachial plexus block, serratus anterior plane block with pectoral nerve-1 blocks and serratus anterior plane block with pectoral nerve-2 blocks were not different compared with no block for pain management in breast cancer surgery. Conclusion: Regional anesthesia techniques including, paravertebral nerve block, pectoral nerve-2 block, serratus anterior plane block, erector spinae plane block, rhomboid intercostal block and local anesthetic infusion, can effectively alleviate postoperative acute analgesia and reduce postoperative morphine consumption but cannot reduce chronic pain after breast surgery. rhomboid intercostal block might be the optimal technique for postoperative analgesia in breast cancer surgery, but the strength of the evidence was very low.
Global change explains the neotropical rattlesnake Crotalus durissus (Serpentes: Viperidae) range expansion in South America
Authors: Guerra Gabriela Ferreira Campos , Vale Mariana Moncassim , Tardin Rodrigo , Fernandes Daniel Silva 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The neotropical rattlesnake Crotalus durissus occurs in South America, where it is generally associated to open areas in the dry diagonal composed of xeric and savanna biomes. Since the 1950’s, however, the species started to be recorded in rainforest biomes. Land-use change, especially the conversion of forests to pasture, remains a widely believed but still untested hypothesis to explain this range expansion. An equally untested alternative hypothesis is ongoing climate change as a driver of the expansion. Here we modeled the current distribution of C. durissus using occurrence records prior to 1950 for model calibration. Model predictions were then evaluated using occurrence records post-1950. The sets of models considered (i) only bioclimatic predictors, (ii) only land-use land-cover predictors, and (iii) a combination of both. Our results indicated that since 1950’s the geographic range of C. durissus is expanding due to ongoing changes in climate (isothermality and precipitation), and, most importantly, the increase in pasture areas. This range expansion encompasses the Argentinian Chaco and the arc of deforestation in the Amazon, which were unsuitable before the 1950’s. The ongoing range expansion of the neotropical rattlesnake can become a public health issue, given that it is a venomous snake of medical importance. The expansion of the neotropical rattlesnake range can be controlled through public policies aimed at restraining deforestation (especially in the Amazon and the Gran Chaco) and encouraging reforestation (especially in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest).
Measurements of natural radionuclide Levels and Hazards in Lega Dembi Gold Mining, Oromia, Ethiopia.
Authors: Yachiso Gebi Tuku 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate natural radioactivity levels and hazards of radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K in soil samples taken from 15 locations in the Lega Dembi gold mining, Oromia, Ethiopia, using gamma-ray spectroscopy coupled with an HPGe detector. It was observed that the respective mean specific activities for 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K determined in the mining site were 23.87±0.7, 52.5±1.8, and 391.62±11.35 Bq/kg, and 8.89±0.4, 13.83±0.6 and 423.68±9.5 Bq/kg in the living areas. The specific activity of 232Th was above the permissively limit in the mining site, while for 226Ra and 40K were within the limit. The specific activity of 40K in the living area was observed to be above the permissively limit. The calculated value of radiation hazards parameters; radium equivalent activity (Raeq), internal and external hazards indices (Hin and Hex), the mean annual effective dose (AED), and gamma representative indices (Iγr) were within permissively limit. The mean absorbed dose rate in the mining site was above the recommended safety limit. The total annual gonadal dose equivalent value was found to be 494.8±8.7 µSv/year in the mining site. This value was also above the permissively limit values of 300 µSv/year.
Fine-scale structuring of surface picophytoplankton communities in the ultra-oligotrophic Southeastern Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Suchanov Michael , Dente Elad , Steindler Laura , Rahav Eyal , Lehahn Yoav 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The spatial distribution of phytoplankton is characterized by distinct fine-scale (1-100km) patchiness associated with mesoscale and sub-mesoscale ocean dynamics. While fine-scale patchiness in total phytoplankton biomass is often observed in satellite and in-situ data, fine-scale structuring of phytoplankton communities is still rarely documented, limiting our ability to accurately characterize ocean biodiversity. Here we show results from a high resolution study aimed at characterizing fine-scale variations in the community composition of picophytoplankton inhabiting the summertime surface waters of the Southeastern Mediterranean. Combining high resolution (30m) Landsat imagery and in-situ measurements along two transacts, we show that in the ultra-oligotrophic conditions characterizing this region picophytoplankton may be assembled in fine-scale patches that significantly differ in their community composition. The separated patches are also characterized by distinct signatures in the surface temperature and salinity space, providing observational evidence to the phytoplanktonic landscape being organized in segregated fine-scale assemblages that differ in their life history. Our results indicate that fine-scale variability patterns and the processes underlying their formation should be considered when investigating ecological and biogeochemical processes in oligotrophic waters, and demonstrate the potential of harnessing very high resolution satellite data (~10 m) for that purpose.