bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unveiling the robustness of porphyrin crystalline nanowires toward aggressive chemicals
Authors: Fazi L. , Raimondo L. , Bonanni B. , Fanfoni M. , Paolesse R. , Sgarlata A. , Sassella A. , Goletti C. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOne of the keys for the development of porphyrin-based devices implies that their functionality must be robust and stable against external environmental factors. While the research has been mostly focused on the supramolecular aggregate interactions with target chemicals, the robustness of organic nanostructures in contaminating and even aggressive environments has not been diffusely investigated yet. The results here presented show that crystalline nanowires of meso-tetraphenyl porphyrin (H2TPP) and meso-tetraphenyl porphyrin-Zn(II) (ZnTPP) are insensitive to the exposure to a series of purposely chosen analytes (alcohols, alkanes and amines). Our finding suggests possible applications of the nanowires in organic-based devices (overwhelming the well-known intrinsic weakness of organic electronics), related to material stability through an appropriate material design and the opportunity offered by organic epitaxy.
Electrophysiology and Arrhythmogenesis in the Human Right Ventricular Outflow Tract
Authors: Aras Kedar , Gams Anna , Faye Ndeye Rokhaya , Brennan Jaclyn , Goldrick Katherine , Li Jinghua , Zhong Yishan , Chiang Chia-Han , Smith Elizabeth H. , Poston Megan D. , Chivers Jacqueline , Hanna Peter , Mori Shumpei , Ajijola Olujimi A. , Shivkumar Kalyanam , Hoover Donald B. , Viventi Jonathan , Rogers John A. , Bernus Olivier , Efimov Igor R. 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) is a common source of ventricular tachycardia, which often requires ablation. However, the mechanisms underlying the RVOT’s unique arrhythmia susceptibility remain poorly understood due to lack of detailed electrophysiological and molecular studies of the human RVOT.

Methods:
We conducted optical mapping studies in 16 nondiseased donor human RVOT preparations subjected to pharmacologically induced adrenergic and cholinergic stimulation to evaluate susceptibility to arrhythmias and characterize arrhythmia dynamics.

Results:

We found that under control conditions, RVOT has shorter action potential duration at 80% repolarization relative to the right ventricular apical region. Treatment with isoproterenol (100 nM) shortened action potential duration at 80% repolarization and increased incidence of premature ventricular contractions (
P
=0.003), whereas acetylcholine (100 μM) stimulation alone had no effect on action potential duration at 80% repolarization or premature ventricular contractions. However, acetylcholine treatment after isoproterenol stimulation reduced the incidence of premature ventricular contractions (
P
=0.034) and partially reversed action potential duration at 80% repolarization shortening (
P
=0.029). Immunolabeling of RVOT (n=4) confirmed the presence of cholinergic marker VAChT (vesicular acetylcholine transporter) in the region. Rapid pacing revealed RVOT susceptibility to both concordant and discordant alternans. Investigation into transmural arrhythmia dynamics showed that arrhythmia wave fronts and phase singularities (rotors) were relatively more organized in the endocardium than in the epicardium (
P
=0.006). Moreover, there was a weak but positive spatiotemporal autocorrelation between epicardial and endocardial arrhythmic wave fronts and rotors. Transcriptome analysis (n=10 hearts) suggests a trend that MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) signaling, calcium signaling, and cGMP-PKG (protein kinase G) signaling are among the pathways that may be enriched in the male RVOT, whereas pathways of neurodegeneration may be enriched in the female RVOT.

Conclusions:
Human RVOT electrophysiology is characterized by shorter action potential duration relative to the right ventricular apical region. Cholinergic right ventricular stimulation attenuates the arrhythmogenic effects of adrenergic stimulation, including increase in frequency of premature ventricular contractions and shortening of wavelength. Right ventricular arrhythmia is characterized by positive spatial-temporal autocorrelation between epicardial-endocardial arrhythmic wave fronts and rotors that are relatively more organized in the endocardium.
Conflicting Sovereignties: Global Conservation, Protected Areas, and Indigenous Nations in the Peruvian Amazon
Authors: Merino Roger 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Indigenous organizations, international actors, and national authorities portray different images of Indigenous Peoples’ relationship with the natural environment. Based on these images, these actors deploy ecological, economic, and security arguments to create or transform protected areas. By exploring three cases of conflicts over creation and management of protected areas in the Peruvian Amazon, this article maps the tensions around the different images and explores how Indigenous organizations and state authorities—backed by international actors—engage with security, economic, and ecological rationales from their own sovereignty standpoint. I argue that the state weakens Indigenous political aspiration of sovereign territorial control by translating this agenda into depoliticized mechanisms and assumptions of modern international environmentalism, which ultimately limits their capacity to truly contribute to conservation goals. A “nation-building” approach to conservation, by conceiving Indigenous Nations as sovereign partners in environmental management, might give legitimacy to environmental initiatives.
Emotion and Islamic Hagiology: A Post-taxonomic Approach
Authors: Yep Stephanie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The study of emotion in Islamic hagiology remains largely uninterrogated, as visible in elliptical descriptions that classify particular texts, bodily gestures, or utterances as “emotive.” I advocate for a shift from taxonomic approaches to emotion to a focus on function in narrative hagiographies. I argue that emotion provides a rich analytic category for understanding the dynamic relationship between texts and bodies in the hagiographical process, as well as the multiplicity of bodies that are involved or implicated. To illustrate this framework, I provide readings of narratives in the sīra (biographies of Muḥammad) which depict bodily manifestations of awe when in Muḥammad’s presence. Endorsing the position that the hagiographical process is constantly under negotiation, these analyses reveal that emotional practices are crucial to understanding the relationality between exemplary persons, biographers, characters, and readers.
A Transpersonal Conversation
Authors: Crace Benjamin D. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This article develops and deploys a participatory hermeneutic for Pentecostal theology through a dialogue with transpersonal psychology. It takes as representative the work of Jorge Ferrer and Jacob Sherman for its interdisciplinary approach. After brief contextualization within Pentecostal hermeneutics and the larger cultural history of spirituality, it highlights the salient features of a participatory approach. Then it moves to a short overview of Bruno Barnhart’s constructive participatory interpretation of history. Afterward, the prophetic word of knowledge, exemplified in John 4, is rescripted through the foregrounded participatory hermeneutic to demonstrate its cachet. The study ends with critical reflection on the examined content and the hermeneutical endeavor within Pentecostal theology.
Addressing, Greeting and Related Gestures in the Opening Sequences of Finnish, French and Hungarian YouTube Videos
Authors: Isosävi Johanna , Vecsernyés Ildikó 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper compares the opening sequences of Finnish, French and Hungarian YouTube videos. We concentrate on addressing, greeting and related gestures, important elements when YouTubers interact with their imagined viewers, using data consisting of 138 videos in the three languages. This study falls within the field of the pragmatics of social media and interpersonal pragmatics, and data were analysed using multimodal discourse analysis. Shared practices included the frequent use of greetings, a preference for general nominal address forms as well as for iconic and deictic gestures. Cross-cultural differences revealed that Finnish and Hungarian were closer to each other than to French. Shared practices may be connected to the genre of YouTube videos, whereas differences appear related to cross-cultural practices generally.
Contingency Management and SARS-CoV-2 Testing Among People Who Inject Drugs
Authors: Cioffi Camille C. , Kosty Derek , Capron Christopher G. , Tavalire Hannah F. , Barnes Robert C. , Mauricio Anne Marie 
Published: March 2022

Objectives: People who inject drugs (PWID) are especially vulnerable to morbidity and mortality as a result of SARS-CoV-2 infection because of social and physical health vulnerabilities. Routine testing for SARS-CoV-2 is critical to reduce transmission. Contingency management—the provision of tangible rewards to reinforce positive behavior—can promote the use of health services among PWID. Evidence is scarce on the utility of contingency management to promote SARS-CoV-2 testing. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of contingency management to increase testing among PWID. Methods: SARS-CoV-2 testing was implemented at 9 syringe exchange program sites in partnership with an Oregon-based nonprofit organization for 5 weeks without contingency management and for 6 weeks with contingency management (a $10 financial incentive for testing) from February 1 through mid-April 2021. We measured rates of testing among syringe exchange program clients before and after implementation of contingency management. Results: Before contingency management, SARS-CoV-2 testing occurred during approximately 131 of 1410 (9.3%) client encounters, and 123 of 997 (12.3%) unique clients were tested. During contingency management, testing occurred during approximately 571 of 1756 (32.5%) client encounters, and 407 of 1151 (35.4%) unique clients were tested. Rates of testing increased from 0.04 (SD, 0.04) before contingency management implementation to 0.25 (SD, 0.15) after implementation ( t8 = −3.88; P = .005; Cohen d = 1.46). Conclusions: Contingency management facilitated uptake of SARS-CoV-2 testing among PWID. Contingency management may be an effective strategy for improving communicable disease testing beyond testing for SARS-CoV-2 and for improving vaccine uptake among PWID and warrants additional research.
A new method of monitoring catheter-directed thrombolysis for deep venous thrombosis—application of D-dimer and fibrinogen testing
Authors: Liu Qiang , Chen Wei , Wang Yong-Li , Wang Zheng-Yu , Peng Zhi-Qing , Xiang Jian-Feng , Chen Liang , Pan Yu-Cheng , Sha Yan 
Published: March 2022

Background Catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) is one of the main treatment methods for acute deep venous thrombosis (DVT), which has the characteristics of long treatment time and large dosage of thrombolytic drugs. In the absence of good monitoring methods, problems such as low thrombolytic efficiency and high risk of bleeding are easy to occur. Objective To evaluate the value of D-dimer (D-D) and fibrinogen (FIB) testing as a thrombolysis-monitoring method during CDT for acute DVT. Methods Twenty patients with acute DVT were divided into group A and group B. During CDT, the D-D and FIB testing every 8 h were used in group A, and the venography and FIB testing every 24 h in group B. The thrombolysis rate, thrombolysis time, urokinase dosage, and X-ray radiation dose were compared. Results The thrombolysis rate in group A was significantly higher than that in group B ( p < 0.05), but the number of venography and radiation dose were significantly lower than those in group B ( p < 0.05). Conclusion D-D and FIB testing can improve the thrombolysis rate, reduce the risk of bleeding, and decrease the number of angiograms and X-ray radiation dose during CDT.
Patients views on which return-to-work outcomes should be prioritised: A nominal group technique focus group
Authors: Bridger Kay , Kellezi Blerina , Kendrick Denise , Kettlewell Jade , Holmes Jain , Timmons Stephen , Andrews Isabel , Fallon Stephen , Radford Kate 
Published: March 2022

Objective Injuries can have a long-lasting effect on ability to return to work, but there is little research on which outcomes are most important to patients. This study aims to identify and prioritise return-to-work outcomes important to patients for evaluating vocational rehabilitation interventions. Methods Nominal group technique focus group with trauma patients. Results Focus group participants ( n = 6) included mostly traumatic brain injuries, a range of occupation types, ages and both genders. Participants identified and prioritised their eight most important outcomes which were: sense of purpose and life satisfaction, understanding the impact of injury, assessment of readiness to return to work, using SMART (specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and time-bound) goals, facilitated reintegration to work, assessing capacity to return to work, collaboration between key stakeholders and improved employer and employee knowledge. Many of these were measures of the process of, rather than change outcomes of vocational rehabilitation. Conclusions The range of outcomes identified by trauma patients highlights the complex process of return to work and the need for vocational rehabilitation evaluations to incorporate a broader range of outcomes. Measures of the process of vocational rehabilitation are also important to trauma patients and should be included in such evaluations.
Drive-Leg Kinematics During the Windup and Pushoff Is Associated With Pitching Kinetics at Later Phases of the Pitch
Authors: Fava Anthony W. , Downs Talmage Jessica L. , Plummer Hillary A. , Oliver Gretchen D. 
Published: March 2022

Background: Inconsistent findings exist between drive-leg ground-reaction forces (GRFs) and pitching mechanics. Previous literature has largely reported drive-leg mechanics and GRFs at the start of the pushoff phase for their role in initiating force development. Little research has assessed drive-leg kinematics that includes a pitcher’s windup motion to determine its effects on subsequent phases in the pitching motion. Purpose/Hypothesis: The primary aim was to analyze the relationship between drive-leg knee valgus angle during the windup and subsequent pitching mechanics. We hypothesized that the drive-leg knee valgus angle during the early portion of the pitching motion would alter later phases’ pitching mechanics. A secondary aim was to assess GRFs to determine if the drive-leg knee valgus angle was associated with changes in force. We hypothesized that an increased drive-leg knee valgus angle would increase GRFs during the pitching motion. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: A total of 17 high school baseball pitchers (mean age, 16.1 ± 0.9 years; mean height, 180.0 ± 4.8 cm; mean weight, 75.5 ± 7.5 kg) volunteered for the study. Kinematic data and GRFs were collected using an electromagnetic tracking system and force plates. Pitchers threw maximal-effort fastballs from a mound at regulation distance. The drive-leg knee valgus angle was analyzed during the windup and pushoff phases of the pitch to determine its effects on other biomechanical variables throughout the pitching motion. Results: There was a significant relationship between drive-leg knee valgus angle during the windup ( Fchange 1,12) = 16.13; P = .002; R2 = 0.695) and lateral GRF in the arm-cocking phase. Additionally, there was a significant relationship between drive-leg knee valgus angle during pushoff ( Fchange(2,11) = 10.21; P = .003; R2 = 0.716) and lateral GRF in the arm-cocking phase and pitching-elbow valgus moment in the acceleration phase. Conclusion: Drive-leg knee valgus angle during the windup and pushoff had a significant relationship with drive-leg GRF and pitching-elbow valgus moment at later stages of the pitching cycle. Clinical Relevance: Assessments of drive-leg kinematics during the windup and pushoff may be useful in identifying inefficient movement patterns that can have an effect on the direction of a pitcher’s drive-leg force contribution, which can lead to increased forces on the throwing elbow.
The Effects of in-Home Respite Care on the Burden of Caregivers in Taiwan
Authors: Liao Yi-Han , Ku Li-Jung Elizabeth , Liu Li-Fan , Li Chung-Yi 
Published: March 2022

The utilization rate of respite care in Taiwan is low, and past studies that evaluated the effects of in-home respite care on caregiver burden are few. This two-wave panel study used Taiwan’s long-term care plan 1.0 database and included 2342 care recipient–caregiver dyads who used home services to examine the impact of in-home respite care on caregiver burden. Propensity score matching was used to select 323 in-home respite service users matched with 646 nonusers as control groups (1:2 matching). The mixed effect model was applied to estimate the effects of receiving in-home respite care on caregiver burden. Results showed that compared with those of nonusers, caregiver burden scores of service users decreased significantly after receiving in-home respite care for more than 14 days (adjusted B = −0.14, SE = 0.05). The government should prioritize increasing the number of days of in-home respite care for those in need to reduce the caregiver burden.
2,2′,4,4′-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether disrupts spermatogenesis in mice by interfering with the ER-Nrf1-Tfam-mitochondria pathway
Authors: Huang Shaoping , Xia Jiangyan , Zhang Xinxin , Zhou Tao , Wang Jing , Liu Tong , Xu Siyi , Liang Geyu 
Published: March 2022

2,2′,4,4′ -tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE47), a well-known endocrine disruptor of the estrogen receptor (ER) is toxic to the mitochondria and spermatogenesis. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of BDE47 on spermatogenesis in mammals. Adult male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were gavaged daily with BDE47 (0, 1, or 10 mg/kg bw) for 8 weeks. Testicular weight, sperm production and motility, morphology of spermatogenic cells, nuclear respiratory factor 1 (Nrf1) level, and its expression in testes were determined. In vitro, cell viability, and key molecules in the ER-Nrf1-mitochondrial transcription factor A (Tfam)-mitochondria pathway in the immortalized mouse spermatogonia line (GC1) were determined at 48 h and 0–5 h after exposure; RNA interference (RNAi) was also performed to verify that the decreased Nrf1 was associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and the impaired viability of germ cells. The results indicated that BDE47 impaired testis weight and spermatogenesis, impaired mitochondria and germ cells, and decreased Nrf1 in the testes of mice. In vitro, after 48 h exposure, BDE47 reduced cell viability, Nrf1 protein, and mRNA of Nrf1, Tfam, ATP synthase subunit β (Atp5b), and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (mt-CO1) in GC1 while also reducing mRNA of Nrf1 and Tfam promptly (from 1 to 5 h) after exposure. Furthermore, Nrf1 RNA interference decreased viability and mitochondrial function in GC1. These results indicated that BDE47 disrupts spermatogenesis in mice, probably by interfering with the ER-Nrf1-Tfam-mitochondria pathway, and Nrf1 is a target molecule of BDE47 estrogen receptor.
Knowledge of Galactagogue Use During Breastfeeding in Australia: A Cross Sectional Online Survey
Authors: McBride Grace McKenzie , Stevenson Robyn , Zizzo Gabriella , Rumbold Alice R , Amir Lisa H , Keir Amy K , Grzeskowiak Luke Edward 
Published: March 2022

Background: Galactagogues have been used for centuries to induce, maintain, or increase a mother’s milk supply. Recently, there has been an apparent increase in utilization and promotion of galactagogues, largely in the absence of data regarding their efficacy and safety. However, there is limited contemporary evidence about knowledge of these substances in the community or how and where individuals seek information. Research Aim: To evaluate knowledge about galactagogue use during breastfeeding among birth parents, including recognition of specific substances, perceptions of safety, and common information sources. Method: An online, prospective, cross-sectional survey of Australian birthing parents ( N = 2055) who were currently breastfeeding or had previously breastfed their infants was conducted from September to December 2019. The survey included questions about recognition of galactagogues, perceptions of safety, and information-seeking behaviors. Results: Among participants, 47% ( n = 882) were primiparous and 65% ( n = 1,219) were currently breastfeeding. The most recognized galactagogues included lactation cookies (89%; n = 1,828), brewer's yeast (79%; n = 1,629), fenugreek (74%; n = 1,519), and domperidone (69%; n = 1,420). Respondents cited the internet (52%; n = 1,066), lactation support providers (46%; n = 951), midwives (42%; n = 873), general practitioners (39%; n = 802), and social media (35%; n = 714) as common information sources. Lactation support providers and breastfeeding helplines were commonly rated as helpful; whereas, general practitioners and community pharmacists were often rated as unhelpful. While most participants perceived galactagogues to be safe, herbal or dietary galactagogues were perceived to be safer than pharmaceutical galactagogues. Conclusions: Our Australian community survey of individuals with current or previous breastfeeding experience identified widespread recognition of galactagogue use, with participants reporting a broad range of information-seeking behaviors and generally perceiving galactagogues as being safe to use.
Thirty-day readmission rates in a cohort of people living with HIV in southern Brazil, 2015 to 2017
Authors: Jardim Bruno A , Jardim Tyane AP , França João CB , Breda Giovanni L , Pavanelli Giovana M , Pavanelli Alberto M , Milano Sibele S , Ribeiro Clea EL , Raboni Sonia M 
Published: March 2022

Background The intense use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has reduced morbidity and mortality of HIV infection. In Brazil, the specific contribution of diseases related to HIV infection leading to hospital admission and readmission is not well known. Aims The study aimed to determine the clinico-epidemiological profile, 30-day readmission rate, and factors associated with this outcome in a cohort of adults with HIV infection in southern Brazil. Methods Unicentric retrospective cohort, with data collection through the review of medical records and databases. Results We analyzed 574 index hospitalizations and 451 individuals. Of these, 57.6% were men and the mean (±SD) age was 42.2 ± 12.3 years. Only 43.4% used ART regularly and low CD4 count and high frequency of detectable viral load were observed. HIV/AIDS-related diseases were identified in 55.2%, and tuberculosis was the most frequent etiology leading to index hospitalization. We found a 30-day readmission rate of 11.5% and hospitalization for HIV/AIDS-related illness was associated with a higher risk for the outcome. Conclusions These findings highlight the need to expand resources for prevention, early diagnosis, retention, and treatment of people living with HIV in the region to reduce HIV/AIDS-associated diseases and possibly minimize consequent hospital readmission of these individuals.