bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing a special face mask with angle meter to optimize the head position while performing bag valve mask ventilation – a prospective simulated proof of concept study
Authors: Schumacher Fabio , Oberhanss Natalia , Paal Peter , Pietsch Urs , Wenzel Volker , Herff Holger 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background In unconscious patients in supine position, loss of soft tissue tension results in obstruction of the upper airway. Unexperienced rescuers may be unable to perform efficient bag-valve mask ventilation due to difficulties to detect the optimal head position for opening the airway. If the ventilation mask indicates the rescuer an optimized head position, bag-valve mask ventilation could be possibly optimized. Methods A digital sensor was attached to the face mask to measure the degree of head reclination. We attached this face mask to an airway trainer and sealed the mask with tape on the face; the airway trainer was connected to a test lung and ventilated in pressure-controlled mode by a standard anesthesia machine (Pmax 10 mbar, PEEP 0 mbar, F 12/min). The head was extended starting from the neutral position to 42 degrees in steps of two degrees. Primary endpoints were the correlation of preset and by our face mask digitally measured head position angles. We further evaluated tidal- and minute ventilation volume depending on head reclination. Results Preset head position angles correlated significantly (R2 = 0.9895855684; P<.001) to digitally measured head position angles. In head position angles<10 degrees, tidal volume was 150 mL, at18 degrees 200 mL, at 25 degrees 450 mL and levelled off at 30 degrees with about 500 mL.Conclusion Digital head position angle measurement correctly detected head position. A signal in a face mask could indicate first responders or relatively inexperienced rescuers an optimized head position during emergency ventilation.
Contribution of lipid Peroxidation to Social Behaviors in individuals with autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Yui Kunio , Imataka George , Hayashi Tomoｙo , Koshiba Mamiko , Shiko Yuki , Kawasaki Yohei , Sasai Hitomi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Lipid peroxidation contributes to the development of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids undergo lipid peroxidation, and conversion to malondialdehyde (MDA). The MDA further react with acetaldehyde to form malondialdehyde-modified low-density lipoprotein (MDA-LDL). MDA-LDL is known as a marker of lipid peroxidation. However, the association between PUFAs and MDA-LDL in the pathophysiology of ASD is unclear. We studied this association in 18 young individuals with ASD and 8 age- and sex-matched normal healthy controls. Social behaviors were assessed using the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS). To overcome the small sample size, three measures were conducted: firstly, use of adaptive Lasso for enhancing the accuracy of prediction and interpretability; second, estimation of coefficient of variation for an appropriate variable selection; and finally, appropriate variables were selected. Plasma MDA levels and DHA/omega 6 PUFA arachidonic acid ratio were significantly higher, whereas plasma levels of superoxide dismutase were significantly lower in the ASD group than in the control group. Total SRS scores were significantly higher in the ASD group than in the control group. Multiple linear regression and adaptive Lasso revealed that plasma DHA/ARA ratio were significantly associated with total SRS scores. Plasma levels of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase were significantly decreased and plasma MDA-LDL levels were significantly increased. These findings firstly revealed that the plasma DHA/ARA ratio may be associated with social behaviors. Decreased plasma SOD levels and increased plasma MDA-LDL levels may be caused in relation to lipid peroxidation. These neurological bases may contribution to social impairment.
The spectrum of germline VHL variants in Iranian patients with Retinal Capillary Hemangioblastoma and genotype-phenotype analysis
Authors: Naseripour Masood , Azimi Fatemeh , Talebi Said , Mirshahi Reza , Kiaee Reza , Sedaghat Ahad , Kachoei Zohreh Ataei , Khakpoor Golnaz 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Backgrounds: Retinal capillary hemangioblastoma (RCH) although may also be observed sporadically, is the most frequent and earliest manifestation of the Von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL). This is the first report of different types of variants spectrum and genotype-phenotype correlations in the Iranian families with RCH. Methods: In this Prospective Observational Case Series study, 17 families with RCH were included. PCR was performed to amplify 3 exons of the VHL gene. Afterwards, Sanger sequencing was performed on all the PCR products. For the detection of VHL copy number variations, MLPA was used. Results: Our study identified 10 different types of predominantly pathogenic VHL variants. Missense mutations were the most common variants located on the α domain of the VHL protein (pVHL) in exon 3. Also, the pathogenic variants in RCH patients with CNS hemangioblastoma (CHB) mostly (72.7%) were located on the α domain. In a family, Proband’s sister had a different mutation with more severe clinical manifestations and a poor prognosis.Conclusion: α domain of VHL may play a potential role in the pathogenesis of RCH. Our findings suggest that the genotype-phenotype characteristics in those variants in α- domain may predispose patients to RCH with CHB.
Household salt storage and seasoning consumption are predictors of insufficient iodine status among pregnant women in Southeastern Brazil
Authors: Momentti Ana Carolina , Macedo Mariana Souza , Silva Ana Flávia Sousa , Souza Vanessa Cristina Oliveira , Júnior Fernando Barbosa , Franceschini Sylvia do Carmo Castro , Navarro Anderson Marliere 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Iodine deficiency in pregnancy may lead to adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, including impaired child development. Sociodemographic factors and different dietary habits may be related to iodine status in pregnant women. The aim of this study was to evaluate the iodine status and its predictors among pregnant women in a city of Southeastern Brazil. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 266 pregnant women receiving prenatal care in 8 primary health care units. Sociodemographic, obstetric and health, habits of acquisition, storage and consumption of iodizated salt, and dietary iodine intake data were collected through a questionnaire. The iodine content was evaluated in urinary iodine concentration (UIC), household salt and seasonings, and drinking water samples. Pregnant women were categorized into three groups according to the UIC, determined by iodine coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS): insufficient (< 150 µg/L), adequate (150–249 µg/L), and more than adequate iodine nutrition (≥ 250 µg/L). The median (p25-p75) UIC was 180.2 µg/L (112.8-262.7). It was found 38% and 27.8% of insufficient and more than adequate iodine nutrition, respectively. Number of gestations, KI content of supplement, alcohol consumption, salt storage and frequency of using industrialized seasoning were associated to iodine status. Alcohol consumption (OR = 6.59; 95%CI 1.24–34.87), pack the salt in opened container (OR = 0.22; 95%CI 0.08–0.57), and use industrialized seasoning weekly (OR = 3.68; 95% CI 1.12–12.11) were predictors of iodine insufficiency. The pregnant women evaluated has adequate iodine nutrition. Household salt storage and seasoning consumption were risk factors for insufficient iodine status.
Grafting enhances drought stress tolerance by regulating stress-responsive gene expression and antioxidant enzyme activities in cucumbers
Authors: Shehata Said A. , Omar Hanaa S. , Elfaidy Ahmed G. , EL-Sayed Shereen S.F. , Abuarab Mohamed E. , Abdeldaym Emad A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Water scarcity is a major limiting factor for crop yield production in arid and water-stressed areas worldwide. Cucumber plants have a high transpiration ratio and are vulnerable to water stress. Grafting commercial cultivars onto selected strong rootstocks has been useful in mitigating the effects of water stress. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the possibility of using a novel rootstock plant’s tolerance to water-deficit stress in inducing drought tolerance in cucumbers by activating the stress-response gene expression and the antioxidant system, which improved the cucumber quality and yield under water-deficit conditions. This field experiment was conducted for >2 years, 2020 and 2021, with five water stress cultivars (i.e., rootstock) and drought-sensitive cultivar Luerans (i.e., a scion). They were subjected to various deficit irrigation levels for 12 days, and their agro-physiological and molecular responses to water-deficit stress were assessed. Our results showed that the agronomical parameters, including the leaf area, leaf water content, number of leaves, plant height, root dry matter shoot dry matter, rates of leaf appearance and stem elongation, and total yield significantly increased with grafted cucumber plants than with nongrafted cucumber plants (control) under normal and stressful conditions. The physiological parameters revealed that higher catalase and peroxidase activities, abscisic acid levels, gibberellic acid accumulation, and lower lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) significantly increased the plant growth rate in rootstock-grafted genotypes. Furthermore, the real-time polymerase chain reaction expression results revealed that transcript levels of the stress-response genes CsAGO1 and CsDCLs increased rapidly and continuously in five rootstock grafting. Concurrently, these findings suggest that grafting with local varieties of novel drought-tolerant rootstock genotypes could improve water stress tolerance in drought-sensitive cucumber cultivars.
Post-fire structural and compositional habitat resilience in pine plantations woodland types
Authors: EL Khayati Mounia , Chergui Brahim , Santos Xavier , Zekkaoui Elhossain , EL Karmoudi Yahya , Taheri Ahmed , Fahd Soumia 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Fire plays a key role in structuring biotic communities around the world. In fire-prone regions, many plant species have acquired adaptive traits (seeders and resprouters) that help them to survive, reproduce, and persist after fire disturbances. Seeder and resprouter species have different short-term responses to fire. Obligate seeders have faster growth rates, greater allocation to reproduction, shorter life cycles, and lower shade tolerance than resprouters. A few years after fire, obligate seeders are expected to be more abundant than resprouter species within post-fire plant communities. We examined this hypothesis in burnt pine plantations located along the African rim of the Western Mediterranean Basin. In this region, pine plantation is the commonest forestry practice, and such woodlands have undergone frequent fires during the last decades. Here, we describe habitat structure and plant species composition in burnt and unburnt plots located in four independent burnt sites. Burnt and unburnt plots were structurally different, with the shrub and grass covers expanding after fire. In terms of functional plant composition, seeders were more abundant than resprouters in burnt pine plantations. The stronger short-term resilience of obligate seeders compared to resprouters was found to be related to the faster capacity of obligate seeders to respond to fire. Contrast in fire response between the two functional plant groups needs to be addressed in conservation planning to ensure the preservation of biodiversity in a future scenario of change in fire regime.
Clinical and virological features of first human Monkeypox cases in Germany
Authors: Noe Sebastian , Zange Sabine , Seilmaier Michael , Antwerpen Markus H. , Fenzl Thomas , Schneider Jochen , Spinner Christoph D. , Bugert Joachim J. , Wendtner Clemens-Martin , Wölfel Roman 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In May 2022, human monkeypox infections including human-to-human transmission were reported in a multi-country outbreak in Europe and North America. With the first two German cases, we are providing clinical and virological findings, including the detection of monkeypox virus DNA in blood and semen. It is important to raise awareness among health professionals of the rapid and correct identification and diagnosis of this disease, which is probably still under-reported in Europe. We describe the first two cases of monkeypox (MPX) infections in Germany to highlight the importance of recent developments for health professionals worldwide and to share further observations related to human-to-human transmission in these cases. MPX is an orthopoxvirus infection that, with the exception of a few imported cases in the past, was previously thought to be endemic only in West and Central African countries [1, 2]. Beginning in 2018, the United Kingdom (UK) Health Security Agency has reported several imported cases associated with travellers from these countries [3]. One case reported on May 7, 2022, had a travel history to Nigeria. However, the two other cases within a family reported on May 13, 2022, neither had a travel history nor an epidemiological link to the previous case. On May 17, 2022, four additional UK cases were reported involving individuals who described themselves as belonging to the group of men who have sex with men (MSM). Subsequent testing for monkeypox virus (MPXV) in symptomatic MSM patients reporting to sexual health and sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics in the UK and elsewhere revealed an increasing number of confirmed MPX cases in Europe [1].
Predictive Probability Models of Road Traffic Human Deaths with Demographic Factors in Ghana
Authors: Hesse Christian Akrong , Boyetey Dominic Buer , Ashiagbor Albert Ayi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Road traffic carnages are global concerns and seemingly on the rise in Ghana. Several risk factors have been studied as associated with road traffic fatalities. However, inadequate road traffic fatality (RTF) data and inconsistent probability outcomes for RTF remain major challenges. The objective of this study is to illustrate and estimate probability models that can predict road traffic fatalities. We relied on 66,159 recorded casualties who were involved in road traffic accidents in Ghana from 2015 to 2019. Three generalized linear models, namely logistic regression, probit regression and linear probability model were used for the analysis. We found that gender and age groups have significant effects in predicting the probability of road traffic fatality for all three models. Through a likelihood ratio test, however, it was determined that the logit regression model produced consistent probabilities of traffic fatalities which are very close to the actual probability values across the age groups and gender, compared to the other two models. Thus, we recommend intensified campaign for the use of seat belts in vehicles, targeted at the aged and male users of road transport to reduce the possibility of death in any RTA.
Protein Proteinase Inhibitors as Modulators of Mammalian Cell Growth
Authors: Bratt Tomas , Scott G. Kenneth 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Exogenous, secreted and cell-surface proteinases are variously involved in the stimulation of proliferation of mammalian cells in culture. The identification of the thrombin receptor provides a partial explanation for some of these effects, but others clearly involve different arid as yet poorly­ characterised biochemical processes. Activation of latent growth factors, and degradation of growth inhibitors are two such mechanisms. Protein proteinase inhibitors can act as growth inhibitors, by virtue of their inhibition of the relevant enzymes. Some proteinase inhibitors have an additional growth­ stimulatory property which appears to be independent of their proteinase-inhibitory function. Together, these two functions give proteinase inhibitors a biphasic effect on cell proliferation similar to that of growth factors such' as transforming growth factor • Bikunin is one such proteinase inhibitor which is synthesised as part of a precursor diprotein with a1microglobulin. Potential growth-regulatory roles for both components could help account for their co-translation.
ORLNC1 Suppresses Cell Growth in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer via miRNA-296 Sponging
Authors: Cheng Xueyuan , Huang Zhong , Pan Anchao , Long Di 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Accumulating research has demonstrated that aberrant levels
of long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) are related to cancer progression. The effects of
ORLNC1 in HER2+ breast cancer have yet to be explored.

Methods:
Real-time PCR was used to examine the expression of LncRNA ORLNC1 in
HER+ breast cancer. CCK-8, wound healing and cell invasion assays were used to
examine the effect of LncRNA ORLNC1 on HER+ breast cancer cells. Luciferase
reporter assay was utilized to determine the regulatory relationship between LncRNA
ORLNC1 and miR-296. Western blotting was used to measure the expression of PTEN.
Xenograft mouse model was used to examine the effect of LncRNA ORLNC1 on tumor
progression in vivo.

Results:
In this study, our findings revealed downregulation of ORLNC1 in HER2+
breast cancer specimens and cell lines. Low levels of ORLNC1 were related to poor
prognosis and advanced cancer stage. Using gain- and loss-of-function assays, the
ability of these tumor cells to proliferate was found to be inhibited by ORLNC1 in vitro
and in vivo. Further analyses revealed that miR-296/PTEN axis is directly targeted by
ORLNC1. Consequently, over-expression of miR-296 efficiently abrogated the upregulation
of PTEN induced by ORLNC1, suggesting that ORLNC1 positively regulates
PTEN expression by competitively binding to miR-296.

Conclusion:
Our results indicate that lncRNA ORLNC1 acts as a tumor suppressor by
regulating the miR-296/PTEN axis in HER2+ breast cancer.
Factors Associated with Heart Rate Recovery in People with Chronic
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Betancourt-Peña Jhonatan , Rodríguez-Castro Jenifer , Rosero-Carvajal Hamilton 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:
Heart rate recovery (HRR) delay is a marker of cardiac autonomic dysfunction. In people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) attending pulmonary rehabilitation programs, assessing HRR could have prognostic utility, yielding valuable information for setting treatment goals and targets in therapeutic interventions. Therefore, this study aimed to establish the sociodemographic, pulmonary function, and functional aerobic capacity differences in people with COPD with normal and abnormal HRR during the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and explore factors associated with abnormal HRR.

Method:
Analytical cross-sectional study. Sociodemographic, anthropometric characteristics, pulmonary function, aerobic capacity, BODE index, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were assessed in COPD patients. An HRR cut-off point of 14 beats or more was used to define HRR delay.

Results:
Of 128 patients included, 89 (69.5%) showed abnormal HRR. Patients with abnormal HRR were classified with higher overweight/obesity, lower resting SpO2 and lower distance walked, predicted percentage, and estimated VO2 in the 6MWT, with more significant symptoms at one minute after the end of the test (dyspnea and fatigue). In the multivariate regression model adjusted for age, sex, resting heart rate, and FEV1, findings showed that distance walked in the 6MWT (OR 0.994, p-value=0.010), fatigue at 1 minute (OR 2.12, p-value=0.000), and HADS depression domain (OR 0.87, p-value=0.018) are factors associated with HRR.

Conclution:
In outpatients with COPD, HRR relates to the distance walked in the 6MWT, fatigue, and depression measured with the HADS.
Sensitive Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) Detection
Using Gold Nanoparticle-Based Satellite Network With Potential For Early
Diagnosis of Diabetes-Related Infection
Authors: Bai Xinlu , Hu Liyi , Wang Dongze , Hu Yuan 
Published: June 2022

Background:
As pathogenic bacteria account for the leading cause of diabetes-related
infections, sensitive detection of bacteria from clinical samples has attracted abundant attention.

Methods:
We propose an innovative DNA-AuNP-based sensing system that integrates low-speed
centrifugal bacteria isolation, detection and protein analysis. In the method, RCA (rolling circle amplification)
is utilized to produce a long-ssDNA (single-strand DNA), which can form a hairpin
structure comprising repeats of functional domains, such as PBP2a aptamer. When aptamers bind to
target bacteria, the hairpin structure in the RCA product changes its conformation, exposing the
AuNP binding sequence. As a result, the probe on the surface of AuNP hybridizes with AuNP binding
sequence in RCA product by strand displacement reaction, releasing the fluorescent-labeled
complementary probe as the detection signal. The simultaneous formation of the bacteria-DNAAuNP
satellite network enables the isolation of target bacteria by low-speed centrifugation.

Results:
Eventually, we applied the method for MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus)
detection and obtained a favorable detection performance with a limit of detection of 275
cfu/μL.

Conclusion:
We believe the method has potential application in the early diagnosis of diabetesrelated
infections.
In Vitro Metabolite Identification Studies for the New Psychoactive Substances Furanylfentanyl, TFMPP, and 5-MeO-DALT in Human Liver
Microsomes
Authors: Zheng Tian , Wu Liang , Wu Guoping , Chen Yifan , Zhou Shuhan 
Published: June 2022

Aims:
Understand the metabolic behavior of new psychoactive substances, furanyl fentanyl,
TFMPP, and 5-MeO-DALT.

Background:
New psychoactive substances (NPS) are associated with several health and social harms on
both the individual and societal levels. Many are not regulated and have become increasingly popular
among drug users worldwide. The lack of clinical studies on the effects and toxicity of these drugs has
made the interpretation of their toxicological symptoms difficult.

Objective:
Perform an in vitro metabolism study of new psychoactive substances furanyl fentanyl,
TFMPP, and 5-MeO-DALT, revealing their possible metabolites and metabolic pathways in the human
liver microsome.

Method:
A regular human liver microsomal system was used to investigate the potential biotransformation
of furanyl fentanyl, TFMPP, and 5-MeO-DALT in vitro, and high-resolution mass spectrometry
(LC-Q/TOF-MS) was used to perform metabolite detection and identification.

Result:
The three components were substantially metabolized in 4 hours with varied metabolic pathways,
and most of the metabolites were generated through phase I metabolic reactions. Furanyl fentanyl
underwent the metabolic pathways of epoxidation and hydration, furanyl ring-opening and oxidation,
hydroxylation, hydrolysis of the amide group, and N-dealkylation; TFMPP underwent the metabolic
pathways of hydroxylation, and the successive piperazidine ring scission; while 5-MeO-DALT underwent
the metabolic pathways of O-demethylation and glucuronidation, dihydroxylation, hydroxylation, oxidation,
O-demethylation, N-dealkylation and methylation and N-dealkylation.

Conclusion:
Our data would contribute to a better understanding of furanyl fentanyl, TFMPP, and 5-
MeO-DALT in their in vitro metabolism study, which was beneficial to predicting their metabolic behavior
in vivo, and promoting their drug monitoring in both clinically used and socially/illegally abused.