bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical and morphological characterization of the 19 May 2021 ash cloud deposit at Stromboli (Italy)
Authors: Re Giuseppe , Pompilio Massimo , Del Carlo Paola , Di Roberto Alessio 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe report on the ash cloud related to the gravitational collapse of a portion of the Stromboli volcano crater rim that occurred on 19 May 2021. The collapse produced a pyroclastic density current (PDC) that spread along the northwest flank of the volcano and propagated in the sea for about 1 km. The PDC was associated with a convective ash cloud that rapidly dispersed eastward and deposited a thin layer (< 1 mm) of very fine pinkish ash over the village of Stromboli. The deposit was sampled shortly after the emplacement (within a few hours) and prior to any significant reworking or re-sedimentation. We present a comprehensive description of the deposit including dispersal, sedimentological characteristics and textural and geochemical features. We also compare the 19 May 2021 deposit with fine-ash deposits connected to other PDCs and landslides previously occurring at Stromboli and with the distal ash of a paroxysmal explosive eruption of Mt. Etna volcano. Results indicate that the distributions of the mass on the ground and of the grain size are not correlated with the distance from the source. Also, the componentry reflects a preponderance of remobilized material ingested by the PDC. Therefore, the great amount of fine ash can be ascribed to clasts comminution processes, although the prevalence of dense crystalline components records an overall equiaxial shape, revealing a paucity of elongated clast with complex morphology. Furthermore, the outcomes of this work aim to create a collection of data of a co-PDC ash cloud that may prove useful for comparison with other deposits worldwide.
Comparison of traditional and DNA metabarcoding samples for monitoring tropical soil arthropods (Formicidae, Collembola and Isoptera)
Authors: Basset Yves , Hajibabaei Mehrdad , Wright Michael T. G. , Castillo Anakena M. , Donoso David A. , Segar Simon T. , Souto-Vilarós Daniel , Soliman Dina Y. , Roslin Tomas , Smith M. Alex , Lamarre Greg P. A. , De León Luis F. , Decaëns Thibaud , Palacios-Vargas José G. , Castaño-Meneses Gabriela , Scheffrahn Rudolf H. , Rivera Marleny , Perez Filonila , Bobadilla Ricardo , Lopez Yacksecari , Ramirez Silva José Alejandro , Cruz Maira Montejo , Galván Angela Arango , Barrios Héctor 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe soil fauna of the tropics remains one of the least known components of the biosphere. Long-term monitoring of this fauna is hampered by the lack of taxonomic expertise and funding. These obstacles may potentially be lifted with DNA metabarcoding. To validate this approach, we studied the ants, springtails and termites of 100 paired soil samples from Barro Colorado Island, Panama. The fauna was extracted with Berlese-Tullgren funnels and then either sorted with traditional taxonomy and known, individual DNA barcodes (“traditional samples”) or processed with metabarcoding (“metabarcoding samples”). We detected 49 ant, 37 springtail and 34 termite species with 3.46 million reads of the COI gene, at a mean sequence length of 233 bp. Traditional identification yielded 80, 111 and 15 species of ants, springtails and termites, respectively; 98%, 37% and 100% of these species had a Barcode Index Number (BIN) allowing for direct comparison with metabarcoding. Ants were best surveyed through traditional methods, termites were better detected by metabarcoding, and springtails were equally well detected by both techniques. Species richness was underestimated, and faunal composition was different in metabarcoding samples, mostly because 37% of ant species were not detected. The prevalence of species in metabarcoding samples increased with their abundance in traditional samples, and seasonal shifts in species prevalence and faunal composition were similar between traditional and metabarcoding samples. Probable false positive and negative species records were reasonably low (13–18% of common species). We conclude that metabarcoding of samples extracted with Berlese-Tullgren funnels appear suitable for the long-term monitoring of termites and springtails in tropical rainforests. For ants, metabarcoding schemes should be complemented by additional samples of alates from Malaise or light traps.
Individual beliefs about temporal continuity explain variation of perceptual biases
Authors: Glasauer Stefan , Shi Zhuanghua 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPerception of magnitudes such as duration or distance is often found to be systematically biased. The biases, which result from incorporating prior knowledge in the perceptual process, can vary considerably between individuals. The variations are commonly attributed to differences in sensory precision and reliance on priors. However, another factor not considered so far is the implicit belief about how successive sensory stimuli are generated: independently from each other or with certain temporal continuity. The main types of explanatory models proposed so far—static or iterative—mirror this distinction but cannot adequately explain individual biases. Here we propose a new unifying model that explains individual variation as combination of sensory precision and beliefs about temporal continuity and predicts the experimentally found changes in biases when altering temporal continuity. Thus, according to the model, individual differences in perception depend on beliefs about how stimuli are generated in the world.
Modeling manufacturing resources based on manufacturability features
Authors: Zhao Changlong , Ma Chen , Zhang Haifeng , Ma Zhenrong , Yang Junbao , Li Ming , Wang Xuxu , Lv Qiyin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractManufacturability evaluation is an effective way to shorten the development period, optimize manufacturing processes, and reduce product costs. The manufacturability of a product depends on the processing ability of specific manufacturing resources. The development of a manufacturing resources model serves as the foundation for manufacturability evaluation. To better utilize the information on manufacturing resources, this study adopted a hybrid approach by integrating the fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm and the genetic algorithm to group manufacturing resources based on manufacturing and geometric features. The information model of manufacturing resources was built by using the object-oriented method. Subsequently, the framework to evaluate manufacturing capability based on manufacturing resources was defined. Further, an application sample was exploited and its results were analyzed. The results of the subgroup showed that the hybrid algorithm was reliable and valid and helped improve the overall performance of the company chosen for this study. The proposed approach enhanced feasibility in decision-making and facilitated the management to make more informed decisions.
A miniaturized 3D printed pressure regulator (µPR) for microfluidic cell culture applications
Authors: Hsu Meng-Chun , Mansouri Mehran , Ahamed Nuzhet N. N. , Larson Stephen M. , Joshi Indranil M. , Ahmed Adeel , Borkholder David A. , Abhyankar Vinay V. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWell-defined fluid flows are the hallmark feature of microfluidic culture systems and enable precise control over biophysical and biochemical cues at the cellular scale. Microfluidic flow control is generally achieved using displacement-based (e.g., syringe or peristaltic pumps) or pressure-controlled techniques that provide numerous perfusion options, including constant, ramped, and pulsed flows. However, it can be challenging to integrate these large form-factor devices and accompanying peripherals into incubators or other confined environments. In addition, microfluidic culture studies are primarily carried out under constant perfusion conditions and more complex flow capabilities are often unused. Thus, there is a need for a simplified flow control platform that provides standard perfusion capabilities and can be easily integrated into incubated environments. To this end, we introduce a tunable, 3D printed micro pressure regulator (µPR) and show that it can provide robust flow control capabilities when combined with a battery-powered miniature air pump to support microfluidic applications. We detail the design and fabrication of the µPR and: (i) demonstrate a tunable outlet pressure range relevant for microfluidic applications (1–10 kPa), (ii) highlight dynamic control capabilities in a microfluidic network, (iii) and maintain human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in a multi-compartment culture device under continuous perfusion conditions. We anticipate that our 3D printed fabrication approach and open-access designs will enable customized µPRs that can support a broad range of microfluidic applications.
Novel multi‐domain attention for abstractive summarisation
Authors: Qu Chunxia , Lu Ling , Wang Aijuan , Yang Wu , Chen Yinong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe existing abstractive text summarisation models only consider the word sequence correlations between the source document and the reference summary, and the summary generated by models lacks the cover of the subject of source document due to models' small perspective. In order to make up these disadvantages, a multi‐domain attention pointer (MDA‐Pointer) abstractive summarisation model is proposed in this work. First, the model uses bidirectional long short‐term memory to encode, respectively, the word and sentence sequence of source document for obtaining the semantic representations at word and sentence level. Furthermore, the multi‐domain attention mechanism between the semantic representations and the summary word is established, and the proposed model can generate summary words under the proposed attention mechanism based on the words and sentences. Then, the words are extracted from the vocabulary or the original word sequences through the pointer network to form the summary, and the coverage mechanism is introduced, respectively, into word and sentence level to reduce the redundancy of summary content. Finally, experiment validation is conducted on CNN/Daily Mail dataset. ROUGE evaluation indexes of the model without and with the coverage mechanism are improved respectively, and the results verify the validation of model proposed by this paper.
A uber‐airbnb mixture flexibility peer‐to‐peer market in integrated TSO‐DSO architecture
Authors: Shan Lanqing , Gu Chenghong , Li Furong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWith the launch of global decarbonisation, the infiltration of low‐carbon distributed energy resources (DERs) is increasing. The future transaction platforms for those flexibilities are considered to be peer‐to‐peer (P2P) ones conforming to resources' characteristics of small‐scale and independence. This research reviews current flexibility‐related topics and proposes one P2P flexibility market filling in the gaps. The contribution of this research includes: (1) it constructs a flexibility market combining pricing strategy and matching strategy of the mature and successful real‐world P2P business models, accommodating the penetration of DERs. The proposed automatic trading market could mobilise the enthusiasm of market participants and satisfy individuals' needs for a convenient market. (2) it proposes a dynamic pricing strategy where prices fluctuate with the features and portfolios of market participants. More adequate market signals are provided with the promotion of market equity. (3) it discusses the segmentation tendency of the flexibility market when considering energy products as pure commodities following the disintegration from the transmission system operator to the distribution system operator. The feasibility of the proposed market under future energy scenarios is thus explored.
Gender Affirming Laryngeal and Voice Surgery
Authors: Srivastava Rakesh 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGender affirmation laryngeal and voice surgeries are components of “voice-lift” or cosmetic voice surgeries. Feminization surgery can modify vocal folds (fundamental frequency [Fo]) and vocal tract (resonance frequency). For increased pitch, vocal folds should be shorter, thinner, and tighter. Cricothyroid approximation (CTA) surgery increases tension of the vocal folds. Endoscopic procedures for pitch raising are done by shortening the length and reducing mass of vocal folds. This shortening is achieved by surgically creating anterior glottic web. Comparing the results of various open and endoscopic surgical techniques, fundamental frequency (Fo) is raised maximally and remains stable after GL as compared with CTA.
Inodoro en cuclillas y caída de piedras: Causas inusuales de desgarros abiertos del tendón de Aquiles entre el grupo de edad pediátrica en la India rural
Authors: Sehgal Manik , Bhat Towseef Ahmad , Kaur Rubinder , Singh Sarvesh , Sandhu Gurjant Singh 
Published: June 2022

Resumen
Contexto Las lesiones aisladas del tendón de Aquiles (TA) rara vez se informan en el grupo de edad pediátrica. Hay pocos informes de casos de lesiones traumáticas del TA en niños. Los inodoros en cuclillas, también conocidos como inodoros indios, y las caídas de piedras desde las montañas hacen que tales lesiones sean razonablemente comunes en el norte de India.
Objetivo Identificar un patrón similar de desgarro del TA en el grupo de edad pediátrica por la utilización de inodoros en cuclillas y la caída de piedras.
Materiales y métodos Presentamos una serie de 13 pacientes en el grupo de edad entre 8 y 18 años que presentaron al nuestro hospital entre enero de 2019 y enero de 2021 con lesiones abiertas del TA. Todos los pacientes fueron intervenidos tras lavado y desbridamiento de la herida. Se brindó cobertura antibiótica inyectable estándar a todos. En el análisis estadístico, los valores fueron expresados como medias y medianas.
Resultados En 10 de los 13 pacientes, las lesiones fueron causadas por los inodoros indios, y los 3 restantes tuvieron lesiones inducidas por caídas de piedras. Un total de 2 pacientes tuvieron complicaciones postoperatorias de la herida, y un paciente necesitó cobertura con colgajos. Todos los pacientes evolucionaron bien al final del seguimiento.
Conclusión El objetivo principal del estudio fue mostrar las causas inusuales de una lesión raramente reportada en el grupo de edad pediátrica. Observamos que las rupturas abiertas del TA son razonablemente comunes en niños en nuestra región en comparación con el resto del mundo. Los inodoros indios pueden reemplazarse por otros occidentales, o modificarse con una superficie menos resbaladiza para evitar este tipo de lesiones en niños.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Hearing Loss: Is There Any Correlation?
Authors: Chauhan Pankaj , Guleria Trilok Chand , Sharma Sunil , Minhas Ravinder S. , Dadwal Madhuri , Mohindroo Narender K. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a breathing disorder related to sleep that has a negative effect on the behavior and health of people around the globe. Chronic hypoxemia and variations in the concentration of oxygen in the blood noticed in OSA individuals may have adverse effects on the process of auditory transduction and transmission.
Objective To assess the effect of OSA on hearing and to find out the parameters that have more influence on hearing recorded during polysomnography of patients with OSA.
Methods The present is a hospital-based, observational, analytical, cross-sectional study conducted over a period of one year. After application of the exclusion criteria, the patients were then submitted to the application of the Berlin questionnaire, as well as polysomnography, impedance, and pure tone audiometry (PTA).
Results A total of 58 individuals were studied. Age, gender, and height were comparable among cases and controls, while weight, body mass index (BMI), and neck circumference were significantly higher in cases in comparison to controls. The mean PTA was significantly higher at 10 kHz or higher frequencies in cases in comparison to controls.
Conclusion We observed that there is evidence that the auditory mechanism is affected in OSA patients. We recommend early auditory screening of OSA patients for timely diagnosis and to raise awareness about its prevention.
Virtual tree, real impact: how simulated worlds associate with the perception of limited resources
Authors: Ho Manh-Toan , Nguyen Thanh-Huyen T. , Nguyen Minh-Hoang , La Viet-Phuong , Vuong Quan-Hoang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractVideo games have long been considered an effective educational tool. Environmental education studies have found that games positively affect the feeling of nature connectedness, producing pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors. With growing urbanization, video games also provide chances to interact with nature. During the COVID-19 lockdown, Nintendo’s Animal Crossing: New Horizon (ACNH) became a household name, with millions of copies sold worldwide. The article used the Bayesian multilevel model to analyze 640 survey responses of ACNH game players from various online communities. The correlations between the perception of limited resources and virtual planting and exploiting behaviors with the varying effect among ethnicities were explored. The findings suggested positive correlations between the perception and in-game actions among all ethnicities, regardless of whether the actions are planting or exploiting. While further evidence is needed, the findings suggest the restraints of game mechanics. To foster a pro-environmental culture, stakeholders can consider video games a novel technological aid to environmental education.
The role of iconic practice in Bruno’s gnoseology
Authors: Wang Zheng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe iconic praxis plays a vital role in Giordano Bruno’s gnoseological process. Bruno considers the image to be both sensitive and intelligible according to its faculty of Phantasia, which traditionally is condemned as the umbra (shadow) or false reflection of the idea. Through the cognitive practice in the art of memory, Bruno’s shadows symbolically take on those iconic forms and the mental schemas, and then the mnemotechnic shadows become a psychological vehicle, which can raise the human gradually up to the Divine glow. The theological rhythm of ascent and descent is also related to the operations of natural magic that can exert sympathetic links between the micro and the macrocosms. Hence the function of Bruno’s illustrations does not lie in the mechanical interpretation but depends on the private experience of the people who practice them. By means of the interior contractio (contraction) of the soul, Bruno is able to collect the celestial influences with his theurgic xylographs, which make him unique among the Renaissance and early modern philosophers.
A home-made portable device based on Arduino Uno for pulsed magnetic resonance of NV centers in diamond
Authors: Mariani G. , Umemoto A. , Nomura S. 
Published: June 2022

We describe the realization of a homemade and portable setup to perform experiments of pulsed magnetic resonance of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamonds. The system is fully implemented by using an Arduino Uno board equipped with an AVR microcontroller that is used as a transistor-transistor logic pulse sequencer to drive precise laser and microwave pulses with a resolution of 62.5 ns. The equipment is assembled with low-cost modules on a printed circuit board and placed in a compact box with a volume of 20 × 40 × 10 cm3. The detection system is based on a switched integrator and a photodiode in the vicinity of a diamond substrate and read by oversampling the analog-to-digital converter of Arduino Uno. We characterize a CVD diamond sample by performing the pulsed optically detected magnetic resonance and we show the possibility to perform a coherent manipulation of the electron spin of NV centers by driving Rabi oscillations up to 6 MHz with microwave powers within 1 W. We demonstrate different pulse sequences to study electron spin relaxation and dephasing. Finally, we propose additional modules and an antenna to perform the multifrequency manipulation of the electron spin by microwave and radio-frequency pulses. Compared to the previous studies, our system results in a low-cost setup with significantly reduced complexity, which finds application as a learning module for science education and enables a wider audience to access the magnetic resonance in diamond.
A proposed unified interphase nucleus chromosome structure: Preliminary preponderance of evidence
Authors: Sedat John , McDonald Angus , Cang Hu , Lucas Joseph , Arigovindan Muthuvel , Kam Zvi , Murre Cornelis , Elbaum Michael 
Published: June 2022

Cryoelectron tomography of the cell nucleus using scanning transmission electron microscopy and deconvolution processing technology has highlighted a large-scale, 100- to 300-nm interphase chromosome structure, which is present throughout the nucleus. This study further documents and analyzes these chromosome structures. The paper is divided into four parts: 1) evidence (preliminary) for a unified interphase chromosome structure; 2) a proposed unified interphase chromosome architecture; 3) organization as chromosome territories (e.g., fitting the 46 human chromosomes into a 10-μm-diameter nucleus); and 4) structure unification into a polytene chromosome architecture and lampbrush chromosomes. Finally, the paper concludes with a living light microscopy cell study showing that the G1 nucleus contains very similar structures throughout. The main finding is that this chromosome structure appears to coil the 11-nm nucleosome fiber into a defined hollow structure, analogous to a Slinky helical spring [
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slinky
; motif used in Bowerman
et al.
,
eLife
10, e65587 (2021)]. This Slinky architecture can be used to build chromosome territories, extended to the polytene chromosome structure, as well as to the structure of lampbrush chromosomes.
Mapping functional regions of essential bacterial proteins with dominant-negative protein fragments
Authors: Savinov Andrew , Fernandez Andres , Fields Stanley 
Published: June 2022

Massively parallel measurements of dominant-negative inhibition by protein fragments have been used to map protein interaction sites and discover peptide inhibitors. However, the underlying principles governing fragment-based inhibition have thus far remained unclear. Here, we adapted a high-throughput inhibitory fragment assay for use in
Escherichia coli
, applying it to a set of 10 essential proteins. This approach yielded single amino acid resolution maps of inhibitory activity, with peaks localized to functionally important interaction sites, including oligomerization interfaces and folding contacts. Leveraging these data, we performed a systematic analysis to uncover principles of fragment-based inhibition. We determined a robust negative correlation between susceptibility to inhibition and cellular protein concentration, demonstrating that inhibitory fragments likely act primarily by titrating native protein interactions. We also characterized a series of trade-offs related to fragment length, showing that shorter peptides allow higher-resolution mapping but suffer from lower inhibitory activity. We employed an unsupervised statistical analysis to show that the inhibitory activities of protein fragments are largely driven not by generic properties such as charge, hydrophobicity, and secondary structure, but by the more specific characteristics of their bespoke macromolecular interactions. Overall, this work demonstrates fundamental characteristics of inhibitory protein fragment function and provides a foundation for understanding and controlling protein interactions in vivo.