bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conversion of Biomass‐derived Aldehydes using Environmentally Benign CuNi nanocatalyst
Authors: Choudhary Neha , Mobin Shaikh M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn the present work, bimetallic CuNi‐12 (1 : 2 molar ratio of Cu : Ni) was synthesized via a liquid‐phase reduction method and utilized for the efficient and selective hydrogenation of biomass‐derived aldehydes and ketones with 2‐propanol as hydrogen source and KOH as base. The synergistic effect between copper and nickel metal enhanced the catalytic activity and selectivity. Bimetallic CuNi‐12 nanocatalyst is highly efficient and sustainable for converting various aldehyde and ketones with 100 % conversion and selectivity. Biomass derived alcohol i. e. furfural, cinnamaldehyde, 5‐hydroxy methyl furfural were utilized as substrate and converted into alcohol with 100 % conversion and selectivity. Bimetallic nanocatalyst CuNi‐12 having high surface area and it is reusable, magnetically separable and recyclable up to seven cycles.
Pathogen and Antibody Identification in Children with Encephalitis in Myanmar
Authors: Galardi Maria M. , Sowa Gavin M. , Crockett Cameron D. , Rudock Robert , Smith Alyssa E. , Shwe Ei E. , San Thidar , Linn Kyaw , Aye Aye Mya M. , Ramachandran Prashanth S. , Zia Maham , Wapniarski Anne E. , Hawes Isobel A. , Hlaing Chaw S. , Kyu Ei H. , Thair Cho , Mar Yi Y. , Nway Nway , Storch Gregory A. , Wylie Kristine M. , Wylie Todd N. , Dalmau Josep , Wilson Michael R. , Mar Soe S. 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveProspective studies of encephalitis are rare in regions where encephalitis is prevalent, such as low middle‐income Southeast Asian countries. We compared the diagnostic yield of local and advanced tests in cases of pediatric encephalitis in Myanmar.MethodsChildren with suspected subacute or acute encephalitis at Yangon Children's Hospital, Yangon, Myanmar, were prospectively recruited from 2016–2018. Cohort 1 (n = 65) had locally available diagnostic testing, whereas cohort 2 (n = 38) had advanced tests for autoantibodies (ie, cell‐based assays, tissue immunostaining, studies with cultured neurons) and infections (ie, BioFire FilmArray multiplex Meningitis/Encephalitis multiplex PCR panel, metagenomic sequencing, and pan‐viral serologic testing [VirScan] of cerebrospinal fluid).ResultsA total of 20 cases (13 in cohort 1 and 7 in cohort 2) were found to have illnesses other than encephalitis. Of the 52 remaining cases in cohort 1, 43 (83%) had presumed infectious encephalitis, of which 2 cases (4%) had a confirmed infectious etiology. Nine cases (17%) had presumed autoimmune encephalitis. Of the 31 cases in cohort 2, 23 (74%) had presumed infectious encephalitis, of which one (3%) had confirmed infectious etiology using local tests only, whereas 8 (26%) had presumed autoimmune encephalitis. Advanced tests confirmed an additional 10 (32%) infections, 4 (13%) possible infections, and 5 (16%) cases of N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor antibody encephalitis.InterpretationPediatric encephalitis is prevalent in Myanmar, and advanced technologies increase identification of treatable infectious and autoimmune causes. Developing affordable advanced tests to use globally represents a high clinical and research priority to improve the diagnosis and prognosis of encephalitis. ANN NEUROL 2023;93:615–628
Room‐Temperature Spin Transport in Metal Nanocluster‐Based Spin Valves
Authors: Zhu Yanfei , Guo Lidan , Guo Jun , Zhao Luyang , Li Chunyan , Qiu Xueying , Qin Yang , Gu Xianrong , Sun Xiangnan , Tang Zhiyong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAs a new type of inorganic‐organic hybrid semiconductor, quantum‐confined atomically precise metal nanoclusters (MNCs) have been widely applied in the fields of chemical sensing, optical imaging, biomedicine and catalysis. Herein, we successfully design and fabricate the first example of MNC‐based spin valves (SVs) that exhibit remarkable magnetoresistance (MR) value up to 1.6 % even at room temperature (300 K). The concomitant photoresponse of MNC‐based SVs unambiguously confirms that the spin‐polarized electron transmission takes place across the MNC interlayer. Furthermore, the spin‐dependent transport property of MNC‐based SVs is largely varied by changing the atomic structure of MNCs. Both experimental proofs and quantum chemistry calculations reveal that the atomic structure‐discriminative spin transport behavior is attributed to the distinct spin‐orbit coupling (SOC) effect of MNCs.
Engineering Hierarchical Recognition‐Mediated Senolytics for Reliable Regulation of Cellular Senescence and Anti‐Atherosclerosis Therapy
Authors: Xia Yinghao , Li Jili , Wang Linlin , Xie Yuqi , Zhang Lili , Han Xiaoyan , Tan Weihong , Liu Yanlan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPrecise regulation of vascular senescence represents a far‐reaching strategy to combat age‐related diseases. However, the high heterogeneity of senescence, alongside the lack of targeting and potent senolytics, makes it very challenging. Here we report a molecular design to tackle this challenge through multidimensional, hierarchical recognition of three hallmarks commonly shared among senescence, namely, aptamer‐mediated recognition of a membrane marker for active cell targeting, a self‐immolative linker responsive to lysosomal enzymes for switchable drug release, and a compound against antiapoptotic signaling for clearance. Such senolytic can target and trigger severe cell apoptosis in broad‐spectrum senescent endothelial cells, and importantly, distinguish them from the quiescent state. Its potential for in vivo treatment of vascular diseases is successfully illustrated in a model of atherosclerosis, with effective suppression of the plaque progression yet negligible side effects.
A Petrochemical‐Free Route to Superelastic Hierarchical Cellulose Aerogel
Authors: Qin Bing , Yu Zhi‐Long , Huang Jin , Meng Yu‐Feng , Chen Rui , Chen Zhi , Yu Shu‐Hong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCellulose aerogels are plagued by intermolecular hydrogen bond‐induced structural plasticity, otherwise rely on chemicals modification to extend service life. Here, we demonstrate a petrochemical‐free strategy to fabricate superelastic cellulose aerogels by designing hierarchical structures at multi scales. Oriented channels consolidate the whole architecture. Porous walls of dehydrated cellulose derived from thermal etching not only exhibit decreased rigidity and stickiness, but also guide the microscopic deformation and mitigate localized large strain, preventing structural collapse. The aerogels show exceptional stability, including temperature‐invariant elasticity, fatigue resistance (∼5 % plastic deformation after 105 cycles), high angular recovery speed (1475.4° s−1), outperforming most cellulose‐based aerogels. This benign strategy retains the biosafety of biomass and provides an alternative filter material for health‐related applications, such as face masks and air purification.
Copper Complexes with Diazoolefin Ligands and their Photochemical Conversion into Alkenylidene Complexes
Authors: Kooij Bastiaan , Varava Paul , Fadaei‐Tirani Farzaneh , Scopelliti Rosario , Pantazis Dimitrios A. , Van Trieste Gerard P. , Powers David C. , Severin Kay 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHomometallic copper complexes with alkenylidene ligands are discussed as intermediates in catalysis but the isolation of such complexes has remained elusive. Herein, we report the structural characterization of copper complexes with bridging and terminal alkenylidene ligands. The compounds were obtained by irradiation of CuI complexes with N‐heterocyclic diazoolefin ligands. The complex with a terminal alkenylidene ligand required isolation in a crystalline matrix, and its structural characterization was enabled by in crystallo photolysis at low temperature.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed Remote Borylation of Alkynes and Vinylboronates
Authors: Zhang Minghao , Liu Zheming , Zhao Wanxiang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRemote functionalization involving a fascinating chain‐walking process has emerged as a powerful strategy for the rapid access to value‐added functional molecules from readily available feedstocks. However, the scope of current methods is predominantly limited to mono‐ and di‐substituted alkenes. The remote functionalization of multi‐ and heteroatom‐substituted alkenes is challenging, and the use of alkynes in the chain walking is unexplored. We herein report a rhodium catalyzed remote borylation of internal alkynes, offering an unprecedented reaction mode of alkynes for the preparation of synthetically valuable 1,n‐diboronates. The regioselective distal migratory hydroboration of sterically hindered tri‐ and tetra‐substituted vinylboronates is also demonstrated to furnish various multi‐boronic esters. Synthetic utilities are highlighted through the selective manipulation of the two boryl groups in products such as the regioselective cross coupling, oxidation, and amination.
Self‐Assembly of Helical Nanofibrous Chiral Covalent Organic Frameworks
Authors: Tang Xihao , Liao Xiangji , Cai Xinting , Wu Jialin , Wu Xueying , Zhang Qianni , Yan Yilun , Zheng Shengrun , Jiang Huawei , Fan Jun , Cai Songliang , Zhang Weiguang , Liu Yi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDespite significant progress on the design and synthesis of covalent organic frameworks (COFs), precise control over microstructures of such materials remains challenging. Herein, two chiral COFs with well‐defined one‐handed double‐helical nanofibrous morphologies were constructed via an unprecedented template‐free method, capitalizing on the diastereoselective formation of aminal linkages. Detailed time‐dependent experiments reveal the spontaneous transformation of initial rod‐like aggregates into the double‐helical microstructures. We have further demonstrated that the helical chirality and circular dichroism signal can be facilely inversed by simply adjusting the amount of acetic acid during synthesis. Moreover, by transferring chirality to achiral fluorescent molecular adsorbents, the helical COF nanostructures can effectively induce circularly polarized luminescence with the highest luminescent asymmetric factor (glum) up to ≈0.01.
Catalytic Living Ring‐Opening Metathesis Polymerization Using Vinyl Ethers as Effective Chain‐Transfer Agents
Authors: Mandal Ankita , Mandal Indradip , Kilbinger Andreas F. M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA catalytic living ring‐opening metathesis copolymerization (ROMP) method is described that relies on a degenerative, reversible and regioselective exchange of propagating Fischer‐carbenes. All characteristics of a living polymerization such as narrow dispersity, excellent molar mass control and the ability to form block copolymers are achieved by this method. The method allows the use of up to 200 times less ruthenium complex than traditional living ROMP. We demonstrate the synthesis of ROMP‐ROMP diblock copolymers, ATRP from a ROMP macro‐initiator and living ROMP from a PEG‐based macro chain transfer agent. The cost‐effective, sustainable and environmentally friendly synthesis of degradable polymers and block copolymers enabled by this strategy will find various applications in biomedicine, materials science, and technology.
Aqueous Photoelectrochemical CO2Reduction to CO and Methanol over a Silicon Photocathode Functionalized with a Cobalt Phthalocyanine Molecular Catalyst
Authors: Shang Bo , Rooney Conor L. , Gallagher David J. , Wang Bernie T. , Krayev Andrey , Shema Hadar , Leitner Oliver , Harmon Nia J. , Xiao Langqiu , Sheehan Colton , Bottum Samuel R. , Gross Elad , Cahoon James F. , Mallouk Thomas E. , Wang Hailiang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe report a precious‐metal‐free molecular catalyst‐based photocathode that is active for aqueous CO2reduction to CO and methanol. The photoelectrode is composed of cobalt phthalocyanine molecules anchored on graphene oxide which is integrated via a (3‐aminopropyl)triethoxysilane linker to p‐type silicon protected by a thin film of titanium dioxide. The photocathode reduces CO2to CO with high selectivity at potentials as mild as 0 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode (vs RHE). Methanol production is observed at an onset potential of −0.36 V vs RHE, and reaches a peak turnover frequency of 0.18 s−1. To date, this is the only molecular catalyst‐based photoelectrode that is active for the six‐electron reduction of CO2to methanol. This work puts forth a strategy for interfacing molecular catalysts to p‐type semiconductors and demonstrates state‐of‐the‐art performance for photoelectrochemical CO2reduction to CO and methanol.
Imidazolin‐2‐iminato Cerium(IV) Chlorides: Synthesis, Structure and Electrochemical Properties
Authors: Wang Ning , Feng Bin , Cui Peng , Tamm Matthias , Chen Yaofeng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe ligand field greatly affects the redox properties of cerium. Herein, cerium(III) and cerium(IV) complexes supported by imidazolin‐2‐iminato ligands were synthesized and structurally characterized, and their electrochemical properties were investigated. Silylamine elimination of cerium(III) amide Ce{N(SiMe3)2}3 with imidazolin‐2‐imine ImRNH (R=Mes, tBu, iPr) provided imidazolin‐2‐iminato cerium(III) complexes, [(ImMesN)(ImMesNH)Ce{N(SiMe3)2}2] (1), [(ImtBuN)2(ImtBuNH)Ce{N(SiMe3)2}] (2) and [(ImiPrN)2(ImiPrNH)Ce(μ‐ImiPrN)]2 (4) in 71–85% yields. These cerium(III) complexes were successfully oxidized by Ph3CCl or C2Cl6 to afford imidazolin‐2‐iminato cerium(IV) chlorides, [(ImMesN)2Ce{N(SiMe3)2}Cl] (5), [(ImtBuN)3CeCl] (6) and [(ImiPrN)2Ce(μ‐ImiPrN)Cl]2 (7) in 70%–76% yields. All complexes were characterized by the single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, which showed that 1, 2, 5 and 6 are monomers while 4 and 7 are dimers. The electrochemical studies indicated that the Ce(III/IV) couples for 5 and 6 are more negative than those of silylamido cerium(IV) complexes, and the Ce(III/IV) couples for 1 and 2 have a similar trend.
A review of highly sensitive electrochemical genosensors for microRNA detection: A novel diagnostic platform for neurodegenerative diseases diagnostics
Authors: Azimi Sanavi Mehrnoosh , Mahdavian Farzaneh , Dorosti Nafiseh , Karami Neda , Karami Sajedeh , Khatami Seyyed Hossein , Vakili Omid , Taheri‐Anganeh Mortaza , Karima Saeed , Movahedpour Ahmad 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe significant role of microRNAs in regulating gene expression and in disease tracking has handed the possibility of robust and accurate diagnosis of various diseases. Measurement of these biomarkers has also had a significant impact on the preparation of natural samples. Discovery of miRNAs is a major challenge due to their small size in the real sample and their short length, which is generally measured by complex and expensive methods. Electrochemical nanobiosensors have made significant progress in this field. Due to the delicate nature of nerve tissue repair and the significance of rapid‐fire feature of neurodegenerative conditions, these biosensors can be reliably promising. This review presents advances in the field of neurodegenerative diseases diagnostics. At the same time, there are still numerous openings in this field that are a bright prospect for researchers in the rapid‐fire opinion of neurological diseases and indeed nerve tissue repair.
Low‐Temperature and High‐Areal‐Capacity Rechargeable Lithium Batteries enabled by π‐Conjugated Systems
Authors: Cheng Liwei , Sun Xinyu , Wang Gongkai , Chen Yuhua , Zhu Qiaonan , Hu Pengfei , Zhou Wei , Wang Hua 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHigh mass loading and high areal capacity are essential for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) with high energy density, but they usually suffer from the sluggish charge‐transfer kinetic of thick electrodes, especially at low temperature. Here, organic molecule perylene‐3,4,9,10‐tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) has been investigated as a feasible cathode for high areal capacity rechargeable LIBs operated at low temperature. Specifically, the charge storage process mainly occurs on the surface redox‐active groups of PTCDA, resulting in a fast kinetics of charge storage. Meanwhile, the delocalization of electrons in the π‐conjugated systems of PTCDA could enhance the electron transportation prominently. Consequently, the Li‐PTCDA battery with a high mass loading of 14.35 mg cm−2 delivers a high reversible areal capacity of 1.06 mAh cm−2 at −40 °C. This work demonstrates a great potential of π‐conjugated organic materials for low temperature and high‐areal‐capacity rechargeable LIBs.
Computational fluid dynamics simulation improves the design and characterization of a plug‐flow‐type scale‐down reactor for microbial cultivation processes
Authors: Mayer Florian , Cserjan‐Puschmann Monika , Haslinger Benedikt , Shpylovyi Anton , Sam Christian , Soos Miroslav , Hahn Rainer , Striedner Gerald 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe scale‐up of bioprocesses remains one of the major obstacles in the biotechnology industry. Scale‐down bioreactors have been identified as valuable tools to investigate the heterogeneities observed in large‐scale tanks at the laboratory scale. Additionally, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations can be used to gain information about fluid flow in tanks used for production. Here, we present the rational design and comprehensive characterization of a scale‐down setup, in which a flexible and modular plug‐flow reactor was connected to a stirred‐tank bioreactor. With the help of CFD using the realizable k‐ε model, the mixing time difference between a 20 and 4000 L bioreactor was evaluated and used as scale‐down criterion. CFD simulations using a shear stress transport (SST) k‐ω turbulence model were used to characterize the plug‐flow reactor in more detail, and the model was verified using experiments. Additionally, the model was used to simulate conditions where experiments technically could not be performed due to sensor limitations. Nevertheless, verification is difficult in this case as well. This was the first time a scale‐down setup was tested on high‐cell‐density Escherichia coli cultivations to produce industrially relevant antigen‐binding fragments (Fab). Biomass yield was reduced by 11% and specific product yield was reduced by 20% during the scale‐down cultivations. Additionally, the intracellular Fab fraction was increased by using the setup. The flexibility of the introduced scale‐down setup in combination with CFD simulations makes it a valuable tool for investigating scale effects at the laboratory scale. More information about the large scale is still necessary to further refine the setup and to speed up bioprocess scale‐up in the future.
Advances in G‐quadruplexes‐based fluorescent imaging
Authors: Han Jiao‐Na , Ge Mingmin , Chen Pengfei , Kuang Shi , Nie Zhou 
Published: November 2022

AbstractG‐quadruplexes (G4s), the noncanonical nucleic acid secondary structure, form within guanine‐rich DNA or RNA sequences. G4s formation can affect chromatin architecture and gene regulation and has been associated with various cellular functions, including DNA replication, transcription, and genome maintenance. Visualizing and detecting G4s precisely in such processes is essential to increasing our understanding of G4s biology. Considerable attention has focused on the G4s targeting molecular imaging studies. Besides, fluorescent light‐up aptamers (FLAPs, also referred to as fluorogenic aptamers) have gained momentum, which commonly have a G4 scaffolding for imaging intracellular RNAs and metabolites. In this review, we first introduce several representative fluorescent imaging approaches for tracking G4s in cells and in vivo. We also discuss the potential of G4‐containing FLAPs in bioimaging and summarize current developments in this field from the standpoint of fluorescent molecules. Finally, we discuss the present challenges and future potential of G4 imaging and G4‐containing FLAPs development.
Engagement and outcomes of cancer patients referred to a tobacco cessation program at a National Cancer Institute‐designated cancer center
Authors: Westergaard Sarah A. , Rupji Manali , Franklin Lauren E. , Behera Madhusmita , Ramalingam Suresh S. , Higgins Kristin A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionTobacco cessation is a critical but challenging intervention for cancer patients. Our National Cancer Institute‐designated Comprehensive Cancer Center instituted a tobacco cessation program in 2019. This manuscript reports on the first 2 years of our experience.MethodsPatients were referred to the program by their care team, and a certified tobacco treatment specialist contacted patients remotely and provided behavioral therapy and coordinated pharmacotherapy. We retrospectively captured data from patients with a cancer diagnosis referred to the tobacco cessation program. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses with the backward elimination approach were performed to determine factors associated with patient acceptance of referral to the tobacco cessation program. Tobacco cessation rates after referral to the program were also captured.ResultsBetween July 2019 and August 2021, 194 patients were referred to the tobacco cessation program. Of the 194 patients referred, 93 agreed to enroll in the tobacco cessation program (47.9%), of which 84 requested pharmacotherapy (90.3%). Twenty‐four were able to cease tobacco use (25.8%). Only 7 patients out of the 101 patients (6.9%) who declined cessation services were successful (p < 0.001). On univariate logistic regression, race (p = 0.027) and marital status (p = 0.020) were associated with referral acceptance. On multivariable analysis, single patients (odds ratio [OR] = 0.33) and Caucasian patients (OR = 0.43) were less likely to accept a referral.ConclusionsAccess to tobacco cessation services is a critical component of comprehensive cancer care. Our experience highlights the need to understand patient‐specific factors associated with engagement with a tobacco cessation program during cancer treatment. The use of pharmacotherapy is also a critical component of successful tobacco cessation.
Three New Cembranoids from a Xisha Soft Coral Sarcophyton sp.
Authors: Leng Xue , Liu Jing , Han Xiao , Li Te , Ouyang Han , Yan Xia , He Shan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractChemical investigation of the Xisha soft coral Sarcophyton sp. has led to the isolation of eight cembrane‐type diterpenoids, including three new compounds, namely sarcophynoids A‐C (1–3), and five known analog compounds (4–8). Their structures were clarified based on spectroscopic analysis, and computer‐assisted methods including TDDFT‐ECD calculation and the quantum mechanical‐nuclear magnetic resonance (QM‐NMR) method. All the above compounds were tested for their antibacterial activities. Among them, compounds 4–7 and 8 exhibited antibacterial activities against S. aureus, B. subtilis, and P. aeruginosa, with MIC of 4–64 μg/mL.
An Engineered β‐Hairpin Peptide Forming Thermostable Complexes with ZnII, NiII, and CuII through a His3 Site
Authors: Pham Truc Lam , Fazliev Sunnatullo , Baur Philipp , Comba Peter , Thomas Franziska 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe three‐dimensional structure of a peptide, which determines its function, can denature at elevated temperatures, in the presence of chaotropic reagents, or in organic solvents. These factors limit the applicability of peptides. Herein, we present an engineered β‐hairpin peptide containing a His3 site that forms complexes with ZnII, NiII, and CuII. Circular dichroism spectroscopy shows that the peptide−metal complexes exhibit melting temperatures up to 80 °C and remain folded in 6 M guanidine hydrochloride as well as in organic solvents. Intrinsic fluorescence titration experiments were used to determine the dissociation constants of metal binding in the nano‐ to sub‐nanomolar range. The coordination geometry of the peptide−CuII complex was studied by EPR spectroscopy, and a distorted square planar coordination geometry with weak interactions to axial ligands was revealed. Due to their impressive stability, the presented peptide−metal complexes open up interesting fields of application, such as the development of a new class of peptide−metal catalysts for stereoselective organic synthesis or the directed design of extremophilic β‐sheet peptides.