bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concurrent use of drugs and potential drug interactions in HIV-infected patients in a tertiary healthcare facility in Turkey
Authors: Bilek Heval Can , Deveci Aydın , Şensoy Levent , Tanyel Esra 
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To investigate the frequency of concurrent drug use and drug interactions in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
Methods: The medical records of HIV-infected patients followed up at Ondokuz Mayis University Hospital in the last six months were retrospectively reviewed to assess the antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens used, the prescribed concurrent drugs, and their interactions
Results: The records of 268 patients were evaluated; of these, 43 (16 %) were women, and 225 (84 %) were men. The mean age of the patients was 43.8 ± 12.1 years. Concurrent drugs were prescribed to 210 (78.3 %) patients. Drug interactions were detected in 115 (42.9 %) patients. Of the 210 drug interactions detected, 168 (80 %) were potential interactions, 39 (18.6 %) were weak interactions, and 3 (1.4 %) were contraindicated. A statistically significant relationship was not observed in gender, age, and rate of concurrent drug prescription. Increased nephrotoxicity was the most common potential drug interaction. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were the most commonly prescribed class of drugs along with ART.
Conclusion: Physicians treating HIV-infected patients should be conscious of, and careful about the concurrent use of drugs and their potential drug interactions.
HPTLC method development and validation for the determination of andrographolide in raw material and tablet containing ethyl acetate fraction of Andrographis paniculata
Authors: Ikayanti Retno , Hafid Achmad Fuad , Primaharinastiti Riesta , Widyawaruyanti Aty , Yuwono Mochammad 
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To develop and validate a rapid, accurate, and selective High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC), for quantification of andrographolide in raw materials and tablets ethyl acetate fraction of Andrographis paniculata as antimalarial agent.
Methods: HPLC was conducted to determine the andrographolide concentration of ethanol extract and Camag linomat 5 in the stationary phase. HPLC measurements were conducted at a wavelength of 228 nm with a ratio of chloroform: methanol (90:10, v/v) in the mobile phase.
Results: The validated method was separated andrographolide from other component with good resolution, and obtained retention factor was 0.38 ± 0.03. The data for calibration plot showed good linear relationship, with R2 = 0.998 in the concentration range of 138.0 - 460.0 ng/spot. The limit of detection and quantification were 9.6 ng/spot and 28.8 ng/spot, respectively. The percentage recovery was between 98.0 and 100.5 %. Additionally, the relative standard deviation method was between 1.4 and 1.0 %
Conclusion: This method fulfills the validation requirements of selectivity, linearity, accuracy, and precision. Further, it can separate andrographolide from degradants. Thus, HPTLC method can be used to analyze the ethyl acetate fraction of ethanol extract of A. paniculata and its tablet products.
Community prevalence of carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria
Authors: Zhu Yihua , Cao Xinjian , Chu Fuying , Li Xinling 
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To raise awareness of carbapenemase-producing organisms, identify “at-risk” patients when admitted in a medical healthcare facility, and to outline effective infection prevention and control measures in order to halt the entry and spread of these organisms.
Methods: A total of 1043 un-duplicated urine specimens of healthy volunteers who had no travel history or history of hospitalization were screened. The carbapenemase genotype of each imipenem-resistant strain was determined. Molecular typing and homology analysis of the main carbapenemase-producing strains were used to reveal the mode of transmission of resistance genes. Through transfer joint experiments, the potential risk of spread of carbapenemase genes was assessed.
Results: A total of 19 carbapenemase-producing strains from 1,043 non-duplicated healthy volunteers (1.82 %) were identified. The main carbapenemase-producing organism was E. coli (42.1 %, 8/19). The main carbapenemase genotype of E. coli was blaKPC-2 (7 strains). Results from multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) indicated that 7 E. coli isolates belonged to ST-10, ST-101, ST-131, ST-405, ST-410 and ST-1193 and ST-2562. Homologous cluster analysis revealed that the sequence types among the 7 E. coli were high in diversity. The blaKPC-2 gene was successfully transferred from these isolates to 10.22-14 via conjugation. All recipient cells showed marked decreases in carbapenem sensitivity to imipenem (p < 0.05)). The degrees of conjugation were 2.10±0.12 ×10-4, 1.96±0.14×10-4, 2.72±0.18 ×10-4, 3.15±0.20 × 10-4, 2.92±0.23 ×10-4, 3.50±0.20 ×10-4 and 4.12±0.24 ×10-4 in recipient cells of TC7.23-51, TC8.9-42, TC8.15-11, TC8.23-59-3, TC8.23-83, TC9.08-47 and TC10.13-15, respectively.
Conclusion: The findings demonstrate the pattern and features of carbapenemase-insensitive E. coli. The blaKPC-2 was the main community-prevalent gene of carbapenem-resistant E. coli. In view of increasing incidence of resistance to multi-drug therapy, surveillance of insensitivity to antibiotics is vital, especially urinary system infection due to carbapenem-insensitive E. coli.
Jatrorrhizine inhibits liver cancer cell growth by targeting the expressions of miR-221-3p and miR-15b-5p
Authors: Deng Bo , Wan Maolin 
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To investigate the effect of jatrorrhizine on hepatic cancer cell proliferation and its mechanism of action.
Methods: Jatrorrhizine-mediated changes in cell viability were measured using (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, while apoptosis induction was evaluated by flow cytometry. Transwell assay was used for the measurement of cell invasion, whereas cell migration was assessed by wound healing assay. The protein expression of Axin2 was determined with western blotting assay.
Results: Jatrorrhizine significantly (p < 0.049) suppressed the viability of HepG2 and HCCLM3 cells in the concentration range of 0.5 to 16.0 μM. Treatment of HepG2 and HCCLM3 cells with 4.0 μM jatrorrhizine markedly suppressed cell invasion, when compared to untreated cells (p < 0.0493). Jatrorrhizine significantly promoted the apoptosis of HepG2 and HCCLM3 cells at 48 h, relative to untreated cells, but 16.0 μM jatrorrhizine markedly suppressed the expressions of miR-221-3p and miR-15b-5p (p < 0.0493). Moreover, jatrorrhizine significantly up-regulated the protein expressions of Axin2 in HepG2 and HCCLM3 cells at 48 h (p < 0.0493).
Conclusion: Jatrorrhizine inhibits the proliferation, and suppressed the invasiveness and migration of HepG2 and HCCLM3 liver cancer cells, but increases their apoptosis. Moreover, it down-regulates the expressions of miR-221-3p and miR15b-5p and promotes Axin2 protein expression in HepG2 and HCCLM3 cells. Therefore, jatrorrhizine is a potential drug candidate for the treatment of liver cancer.
Evodiamine attenuates cadmium-induced nephrotoxicity through activation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway
Authors: Song Zhichun , Wang Wei , Zhang Xiaoren , Yu Hongsheng , Qu Chunsheng , Dai Shu , Wang Xiaodong 
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To investigate the protective role of evodiamine, a naturally occurring anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic compound, against cadmium-induced cytotoxicity in proximal tubular cells (human kidney 2; HK-2).
Methods: HK-2 cells were treated with different concentrations of evodiamine (5, 20, 50 μM) for 2 h and then incubated with 40 μM cadmium chloride for another 24 h. Cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated using thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and flow cytometry, respectively. Oxidative stress was assayed by measuring the levels of malonaldehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX).
Results: Cadmium chloride treatment in HK-2 cells significantly reduced cell viability (p < 0.01) and increased apoptosis compared to the control. Evodiamine pretreatment attenuated the cadmium chloride-provoked decrease in cell viability and increase in apoptosis. Evodiamine also decreased expression of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9 in HK-2 cells. Cadmium chloride exposure provoked kidney injury, as evidenced by increased MDA levels and decreased SOD, GSH, and GSH-PX levels. Pretreatment with evodiamine ameliorated kidney injury, as shown by decreased MDA expression and increased SOD, GSH, and GSH-PX expression. Evodiamine exposure significantly enhanced protein expression of nuclear factor erythropoietin-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1).
Conclusion: Evodiamine exerts an anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidative effect against cadmium chloride-induced nephrotoxicity via Nrf2/HO-1 pathway activation. These findings represent a potential therapeutic strategy for cadmium-provoked nephrotoxicity.
Gentiopicrin exerts anticancer effect on human colon cancer cells via caspase-dependent apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and inhibition of cell migration and invasion
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Zhang Shaoyu , Yu Chenyuan 
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To investigate the anticancer effect of gentiopicrin on human colon cancer (HT-295) cells, and its effects on caspase-mediated cellular apoptosis, cell cycle, cell migration and cell invasion.
Methods: MTT assay and clonogenic assay were used to study the effect of gentiopicrin on cell viability and cancer colony formation, respectively, while the apoptotic effects of gentiopicrin were determined using fluorescence microscopy and Western blotting. The effect of gentiopicrin on cell cycle was evaluated by flow cytometry, while Transwell assay was used to study its effects on cell migration and invasion.
Results: Gentiopicrin exerted potent and dose-dependent suppression of cell proliferation and colony formation, and produced pro-apoptotic effects on HT-295 colon cancer cells. Treatment of HT-295 cells with gentiopicrin resulted in up-regulated expressions of caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9 and Bax, while Bcl-2 expression was downregulated. Moreover, gentiopicrin dose-dependently induced cell cycle arrest in HT-295 cells at the G2/M phase, and inhibited cell migration and invasion.
Conclusion: Gentiopicrin exerts potent anticancer effects on human colon cancer cells via cell apoptosis and G2/M phase cell cycle arrest. In addition, it suppressed the migration and invasion of HT-295 cells. These findings provide useful basis for further in vivo research of gentiopicrin on colon cancer.
Pengaruh Locus of Control, Perencanaan dean Literasi Keuangan terhadap Perilaku Keuangan UMKM
Authors: Fadilah Salma Juliana , Purwanto Eko 
Published: March 2022

MSMEs are one of the drivers of the economy in Indonesia, in carrying out their business activities MSMEs are definitely influenced by the environment with the existence of self-control, financial planning and financial knowledge in those who carry out activities so that the business they run develops and creates good financial behavior. Behavioral finance is an attitude in which a person is able to consider and plan how to obtain a budget to meet business and individual needs. This study aims to analyze the effect of locus of control, financial planning, and financial literacy on financial behavior. The population in this study is MSMEs in Magetan Regency which are engaged in food and beverages. The sampling technique was done by purposive sampling. The sampling technique used the Slovin formula. The sample used in this study were 186 respondents. The data used in this study are primary data and secondary data, namely data from questionnaires from the answers of 186 respondents. The analysis technique in this study uses Partial Least Square (PLS). The results showed that locus of control, financial planning, and financial literacy had a significant positive effect on financial behavior.
Keywords: Locus of Control; Financial Planing; Financial Literacy; Financial Behavior
Pengaruh Electronic Word Of Mouth Dan Celebrity Endorser Terhadap Consumer Purchase Intention Smartphone Merek Vivo Melalui Brand Image Sebagai Variabel Mediasi (Studi Pada Konsumen Smartphone Vivo di Yogyakarta)
Authors: Udayana Ida Bagus Nyoman , Hutami Lusia Tria Hatmanti , Mayrenda Niken 
Published: March 2022

Dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak Electronic Word Of Mouth dan Celebrity Endorser terhadap Consumer Purchase Intention Smartphone merek Vivo melalui Brand Image sebagai variabel Mediasi (Studi pada konsumen smartphone Vivo di Yogyakarta). Penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif dengan sampel 100 responden. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dengan cara menyebar kuesioner. Data analisis menggunakan SPSS versi 20. Kemudian data di uji menggunakan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian pada uji t menunjukkan bahwa variabel electronic word of mouth (X1) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap brand image (Z) memiliki nilai 0,001 < 0,05 dan celebrity endorser (X2) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap brand image (Z) memiliki nilai 0,000 < 0,05 Variabel brand image (Z) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap purchase intention (Y) memiliki nilai 0,018 < 0,05, kemudian variabel electronic word of mouth (X1) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap purchase intention (Y) memiliki nilai 0,001 < 0,05 dan celebrity endorser (X2) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap purchase intention (Y) memiliki nilai 0,000 < 0,05. Selain itu hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa brand image mampu berperan sebagai variabel mediasi pengaruh electronic word of mouth dan celebrity endorser terhadap purchase intention konsumen smartphone Vivo dengan menggunakan uji Sobel Test.
Studi Literatur Skema Pembiayaan Lembaga Keuangan Mikro Syariah
Authors: Murizal Irvan , Soemitra Andri 
Published: March 2022

Financing schemes carried out by Islamic microfinance institutions continue to face challenges with the development of these institutions. A unique financing scheme with a prohibition on interest-based financing. The literature study used in this study used data in the form of Scopus indexed articles. Data containing content related to financing schemes for Islamic financial institutions was selected with a total of 18 articles. Furthermore, the stages of research are carried out as described in the research methodology. The findings of this study describe two main financing schemes carried out by Islamic financial institutions, namely: The first scheme is Profit and Loss Sharing (PLS) with mudharabah, musyarakah, muzara'ah and muzaqat contracts. The second scheme is non-PLS, which includes murabahah, bai' salam, ijarah and qard al-hasanah. Other findings in this study describe Islamic MFI financing schemes in several countries such as: in Indonesia there are two financing principles in Islamic MFIs, namely equity financing using PLS mechanisms such as: mudharabah and musyarakah. The second principle is debt-based financing using a non-PLS mechanism. While in Bangladesh the Grameen Bank model was developed, but it is considered not to meet Islamic sharia because it still uses interest. Furthermore Kalanjiam financing scheme in India which is quite successful. Finally, in Latin America and Africa, the village bank model has been successfully implemented in accordance with sharia in Jabal al Hoss, Syria.
Keywords: LKMS, Financing, Literature Study
Blue light-blocking efficiency of blue light-blocking and driving spectacle lenses
Authors: Koo Bon-Yeop , Lee Myoung-Hee 
Published: March 2022

Background: Retinal damage caused by blue light can result in glare, decreased visual acuity, and accelerated macular degeneration. In clinical practice, blue light-blocking glasses, such as driving glasses, are used to block blue light effectively. This study was aimed at measuring light transmittance to analyze the blue light-blocking efficiencies of blue light-blocking and driving spectacle lenses manufactured with tinting, coating, and only materials and at distinguishing the difference between the two spectacle lenses.

Methods: Blue light-blocking and driving spectacle lenses used to measure light transmittance were manufactured with tinting (blue light blocking lenses by tinting or “BTL” and driving spectacle lenses by tinting or “DTL,” respectively), coating (blue light blocking lenses by coating or “BCL” and driving spectacle lenses by coating or “DCL,” respectively), and only materials (blue light blocking lenses by material or “BML” and driving spectacle lenses by material or “DML,” respectively).

Results: Compared to BTL, DTL had a significantly greater decrease in the light transmission efficiency for visible and blue lights (P < 0.05). The blue light hazard function was lower for BML and DML than for conventional coating lenses in both visible and blue lights, although without significant differences between visible and blue lights (P > 0.05).

Conclusions: The blue light-blocking spectacle lenses had the highest blue light-blocking efficiency when manufactured with tinting, coating, and only materials, in order. With DML, the blue light-blocking efficiency was lower compared to DTL but higher compared to DCL. Therefore, DML could provide a balanced glare control and clear retinal image overall.
O legado Freireano e a educação do campo na Amazônia Paraense
Authors: HAGE Salomão Antonio Mufarrej , MELO Dorilene Pantoja , BARBOSA Francy Taissa Nunes 
Published: March 2022

O artigo apresenta reflexões sobre a relevância e atualidade do legado de Paulo Freire, especialmente nesse período do centenário de seu nascimento e destaca suas contribuições para o fortalecimento do protagonismo do Movimento da Educação do Campo no Brasil e na Amazônia Paraense. Em termos metodológicos, utilizamos o levantamento bibliográfico e documental, que permitiu explicitar algumas estratégias do Movimento da Educação do Campo de resistência e de re- existência ao padrão de poder hegemônico existente, focando o combate ao fechamento de escolas e as demandas por Ensino Médio presencial nos territórios dos povos do campo, indígenas e quilombolas, materializadas na experiência do Fórum Paraense de Educação do Campo.Teoria Freireana. Educação do Campo. Movimentos Sociais. Políticas Educacionais. ABSTRACTThe article presents reflections on the relevance of Paulo Freire's legacy, especially in this period of the centenary of his birth, and highlights his contributions to the strengthening of the role of the Rural Education Movement in Brazil and in the Amazon region of Pará. In methodological terms, we used a bibliographic and documental survey, which allowed us to explain some strategies of the Field Education Movement of resistance and re-existence to the existing hegemonic power pattern, focusing on combating the closing of schools and the demands for face-to- face secondary education in the territories of rural, indigenous and quilombola peoples, materialized in the experience of the Forum for Rural Education in Pará.Freirean Theory. Countryside Education. Social movements. Educational Policies. RESUMEN El artículo presenta reflexiones sobre la relevancia y relevancia del legado de Paulo Freire, especialmente en este período del centenario de su nacimiento, y destaca sus contribuciones al fortalecimiento del papel del Movimiento de Educación Rural en Brasil y en la región amazónica de Pará. En términos metodológicos, se utilizó un relevamiento bibliográfico y documental, que nos permitió explicar algunas estrategias del Movimiento de Educación de Campo de resistencia y reexistencia al patrón de poder hegemónico existente, enfocándose en combatir el cierre de escuelas y las demandas de cara. para la educación secundaria presencial en los territorios de los pueblos rurales, indígenas y quilombolas, materializado en la experiencia del Foro de Educación Rural en Pará.Teoría freireana. Educación del campo. Movimientos sociales. Políticas educativas.
A Contribuição de Freire para uma Educação de engajamento
Authors: PEREIRA José Alan da Silva 
Published: March 2022

RESUMOO presente artigo trata da contribuição encontrada no pensamento de Paulo Freire para se pensar e referenciar uma educação de engajamento. Entende e realça os principais conceitos da produção freireana e estabelece que existe uma confluência do seu pensamento com a possibilidade de educar para o engajamento visto que sua produção conceitual foi forjada na situação concreta do mundo como acontecimento político e histórico e buscou ensejar a liberdade por meio da superação da condição relacional oprimido-opressor.Paulo Freire. Educação. Engajamento. Realidade humana. Transformação. ABSTRACTThis article deals with the contribution found in the thought of Paulo Freire to think about and reference an engagement education. It understands and highlights the main concepts of Freire's production and establishes that there is a confluence of his thought with the possibility of educating for engagement, since his conceptual production was forged in the concrete situation of the world as a political and historical event and sought to give rise to freedom through of overcoming the oppressed-oppressor relational condition.Paulo Freire. Education. Engagement. Human reality. Transformation. RESUMENEste artículo trata sobre el aporte que se encuentra en el pensamiento de Paulo Freire para pensar y hacer referencia a una educación comprometida. Comprende y resalta los principales conceptos de la producción de Freire y establece que hay una confluencia de su pensamiento con la posibilidad de educar para el compromiso, ya que su producción conceptual se forjó en la situación concreta del mundo como hecho político e histórico y buscó dar lugar a la libertad mediante la superación de la condición relacional oprimido-opresor.Paulo Freire. Educación. Compromiso. Realidad humana. Transformación.