bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of Automated Classification of Diagnostic Entities in Dermatopathology Validated on Multisite Data Representing the Real-World Variability of Pathology Workload
Authors: Brodsky Victor , Levine Leah , Solans Enric P. , Dola Samer , Chervony Larisa , Polak Simon 
Published: December 2022

Context.—
More people receive a diagnosis of skin cancer each year in the United States than all other cancers combined. Many patients around the globe do not have access to highly trained dermatopathologists, whereas some biopsy diagnoses of patients who do have access result in disagreements between such specialists. Mechanomind has developed software based on a deep-learning algorithm to classify 40 different diagnostic dermatopathology entities to improve diagnostic accuracy and to enable improvements in turnaround times and effort allocation.

Objective.—
To assess the value of machine learning for microscopic tissue evaluation in dermatopathology.

Design.—
A retrospective study comparing diagnoses of hematoxylin and eosin–stained glass slides rendered by 2 senior board-certified pathologists not involved in algorithm creation with the machine learning algorithm’s classification was conducted. A total of 300 glass slides (1 slide per patient’s case) from 4 hospitals in the United States and Africa with common variations in tissue preparation, staining, and scanning methods were included in the study.

Results.—
The automated algorithm demonstrated sensitivity of 89 of 91 (97.8%), 107 of 107 (100%), and 101 of 102 (99%), as well as specificity of 204 of 209 (97.6%), 189 of 193 (97.9%), and 198 of 198 (100%) while identifying melanoma, nevi, and basal cell carcinoma in whole slide images, respectively.

Conclusions.—
Appropriately trained deep learning image analysis algorithms demonstrate high specificity and high sensitivity sufficient for use in screening, quality assurance, and workload distribution in anatomic pathology.
Literary Lessons in Law: Legal Culture in a Changing Welfare State
Authors: Blomquist Helle 
Published: December 2022

Can literary fiction provide a specifically advantageous framework for discussions about law and legal culture in an increasingly diverse society? This study addresses the challenges that some aspects of postmodernity pose to legal culture and legal thinking in the Danish welfare state. Showing how literature can take an open space in public debate I venture into an analysis of two Danish literary creations – the poem ‘The Coffee Break Team’ [Da: Kaffeholdet. My translation] from 2013 and a novel Pelle, The Conqueror, written 1907-10. As a third dimension a small sample of students is inquired about the poem. They are studying to become welfare state professionals and hence bearers of the relation between the state and its citizens. I discuss my literature samples against changes that have taken place in the Danish nation building project involving inclusion or exclusion of groups of the population. In a concluding section I balance my findings in relation to the initial question and place them within the law and literature tradition.
Spatial Justice and Street Art
Authors: Bengtsen Peter , Arvidsson Matilda 
Published: December 2022

This article presents the notion of spatial justice as a way of considering the relationship between law and street art in a manner beyond the legal/illegal dichotomy. Through a series of empirical examples, it is demonstrated how street art literally takes a place already taken and imposes itself in an already appropriated urban public space. Street art thus redefines the space in contestation to law. However, street art is ephemeral and its taking of space is not permanent. Street art points to an alternative spatial definition, one of spatial justice, before – and, indeed, while – withdrawing from the space it occupies. Street art creates a rupture in the lawscape which makes explicit the presence and claims of law, thereby also making the need for law’s other – justice – pronounced. The question of relationality between law and street art which we bring forth in the present article plays itself out as a production of space and spatial justice in an exchange of place-taking, withdrawal and pronounciation. Spatial justice, as we perceive it here, is thus a way of thinking about law and street art not simply as polar opposites, but rather as co-dependent and bound together in an ongoing process of oscillation, mutual reinforcement and creativity.
Establishment and Characterization of Single and Triple‐Agent Resistant Osteosarcoma Cell Lines
Authors: Low Kaan , Hills Frank , Roberts Helen C. , Stordal Britta 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTwo human osteosarcoma cell lines (MG‐63 and HOS‐143B) are developed into drug‐resistant models using a short‐term drug exposure and recovery in drug‐free media. Cisplatin, doxorubicin, and methotrexate are used as single agents and in triple combination. The highest level of resistance to cisplatin is observed in MG‐63/CISR8, doxorubicin in HOS‐143B/DOXR8, and methotrexate in HOS‐143B/MTXR8. The MG‐63/TRIR8 and HOS‐143B/TRIR8 triple‐resistance models show lower levels of resistance to combination treatment and are not resistant to the drugs individually. Apoptosis assays suggest that the resistance in MG‐63/TRIR8 isfrom cisplatin and methotrexate and not doxorubicin. In contrast, the resistance in HOS‐143B/TRIR8 is from doxorubicin and methotrexate instead of cisplatin. Upregulation of P‐glycoprotein is seen in all resistant models except those developed with single‐agent methotrexate. However, P‐glycoprotein is not causing resistance in all cell lines as the inhibitor elacridar only reverses the resistance of doxorubicin on MG‐63/DOXR8 and HOS‐143B/TRIR8. The migration of the MG‐63 resistant models is significantly increased, their invasion rate tends to increase, and RT‐PCR shows a switch from epithelial to mesenchymal gene signaling. In contrast, a significant decrease in migration is seen in HOS‐143B resistant models with their invasion rate tending to decrease and a switch from mesenchymal to epithelial gene signaling.
Wide‐Temperature, Long‐Cycling, and High‐Loading Pyrite All‐Solid‐State Batteries Enabled by Argyrodite Thioarsenate Superionic Conductor
Authors: Lu Pushun , Xia Yu , Huang Yuli , Li Zhendong , Wu Yujing , Wang Xue , Sun Guochen , Shi Shaochen , Sha Zhengju , Chen Liquan , Li Hong , Wu Fan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRechargeable FeS2 battery has been regarded as a promising energy storage device, due to its potentially high energy density and ultralow cost. However, the short lifespan associated with the shuttle effect of polysulfides, large volume change, agglomeration of Fe0 nanoparticles, narrow operating temperature range, and sluggish reaction kinetics, greatly impede the application of rechargeable FeS2 lithium‐ion batteries. Herein, an all‐solid‐state battery (ASSB) coupling commercialized FeS2 is proposed with a novel superionic conductor Li6.8Si0.8As0.2S5I (LASI‐80Si) to overcome these challenges. The shuttle effect of polysulfides and volume change of FeS2 are suppressed or completely eliminated in ASSB, due to solid‐solid conversion of Li2S/S and large stacking pressure, respectively. Furthermore, the operating temperature range (−60–60 °C) is significantly expanded by the ultra‐high and temperature‐insensitive ionic conductivity of LASI‐80Si (Ea = 0.20 eV), along with the superior FeS2/LASI‐80Si interface stability. Thanks to the extra Li+ provided by Li2S and LiI functional phases, the “bridge” effect of LiI on facile interfacial Li‐ion conduction, and the enhanced reaction kinetics of LASI‐80Si ( 10.4 mS cm−1), ASSBs with LASI‐80Si deliver long cycle life (244 cycles at 0.1 C and 600 cycles at 1 C), superior rate capability (20 C), high areal mass loading (13.37 mg cm−2), and ultrahigh areal capacity (9.05 mAh cm−2). These inspiring results demonstrate the enormous potential of LASI‐80Si and FeS2 combination for practical application of wide‐temperature and large‐capacity ASSBs.
Space‐Charge Control of Magnetism in Ferromagnetic Metals: Coupling Giant Magnitude and Robust Endurance
Authors: Li Zhaohui , Liu Hengjun , Zhao Zhiqiang , Zhang Qinghua , Fu Xingke , Li Xiangkun , Gu Fangchao , Zhong Hai , Pan Yuanyuan , Chen Guihuan , Li Qinghao , Li Hongsen , Chen Yanxue , Gu Lin , Jin Kuijuan , Yan Shishen , Miao Guo‐xing , Ge Chen , Li Qiang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFerromagnetic metals show great prospects in ultralow‐power‐consumption spintronic devices, due to their high Curie temperature and robust magnetization. However, there is still a lack of reliable solutions for giant and reversible voltage control of magnetism in ferromagnetic metal films. Here, a novel space‐charge approach is proposed which allows for achieving a modulation of 30.3 emu/g under 1.3 V in Co/TiO2 multilayer granular films. The robust endurance with more than 5000 cycles is demonstrated. Similar phenomena exist in Ni/TiO2 and Fe/TiO2 multilayer granular films, which shows its universality. The magnetic change of 107% in Ni/TiO2 underlines its potential in a voltage‐driven ON–OFF magnetism. Such giant and reversible voltage control of magnetism can be ascribed to space‐charge effect at the ferromagnetic metals/TiO2 interfaces, in which spin‐polarized electrons are injected into the ferromagnetic metal layer with the adsorption of lithium‐ions on the TiO2 surface. These results open the door for a promising method to modulate the magnetization in ferromagnetic metals, paving the way toward the development of ionic‐magnetic‐electric coupled applications.
Novel Insight into Rechargeable Aluminum Batteries with Promising Selenium Sulfide@Carbon Nanofibers Cathode
Authors: Li Linlin , Ma Yanchen , Cui Fangyan , Li Yan , Yu Deshuang , Lian Xintong , Hu Yuxiang , Li Hongyi , Peng Shengjie 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDue to the unique electronic structure of aluminum ions (Al3+) with strong Coulombic interaction and complex bonding situation (simultaneously covalent/ionic bonds), traditional electrodes, mismatching with the bonding orbital of Al3+, usually exhibit slow kinetic process with inferior rechargeable aluminum batteries (RABs) performance. Herein, to break the confinement of the interaction mismatch between Al3+ and the electrode, a previously unexplored Se2.9S5.1‐based cathode with sufficient valence electronic energy overlap with Al3+ and easily accessible structure is potentially developed. Through this new strategy, Se2.9S5.1 encapsulated in multichannel carbon nanofibers with free‐standing structure exhibits a high capacity of 606 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1, high rate‐capacity (211 mAh g−1 at 2.0 A g−1), robust stability (187 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 after 3,000 cycles), and enhanced flexibility. Simultaneously, in/ex‐situ characterizations also reveal the unexplored mechanism of SexSy in RABs.
Stretchable Liquid Metal Films with High Surface Area and Strain Invariant Resistance
Authors: Vallem Veenasri , Aggarwal Vidushi , Dickey Michael D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper reports soft and stretchable films of liquid metal particles (LMPs) that offer high surface area and high conductivity. Liquid metals (LM) based on gallium are compelling conductors for soft and stretchable devices, yet it is difficult to make electrodes of LM with high surface area due to the tendency of liquids to minimize their surface area. To form films of percolated particles with high surface area, LMPs are first created by sonicating LM in isopropanol with trace amounts of hydrochloric acid and 1,6‐hexane dithiol to decrease the amount of surface oxide on the LMPs. A film of these particles placed on a tacky substrate is initially insulating but percolate into conductive paths by straining the substrate. The resulting electrode has high conductivity (1.64 × 105 S m−1) and high surface area (1257% greater than a bulk LM film with the same areal footprint). Interestingly, these electrodes have nearly strain‐invariant resistance (R/R0 = 1.23 at 600% strain). The ability to create high surface area electrodes in such a simple manner may find use in sensing, capacitive storage, batteries, and energy‐harvesting devices.
Hetero‐Integrated InGaAs Photodiode and Oxide Memristor‐Based Artificial Optical Nerve for In‐Sensor NIR Image Processing
Authors: Bae Byungjoon , Park Minseong , Lee Doeon , Sim Inbo , Lee Kyusang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn‐sensor computing is an emerging architectural paradigm that fuses data acquisition and processing within a sensory domain. The integration of multiple functions into a single domain reduces the system footprint while it minimizes the energy and time for data transfer between sensory and computing units. However, it is challenging for a simple and compact image sensor array to achieve both sensing and computing in each pixel. Here, this work demonstrates a focal plane array with a heterogeneously integrated one‐photodiode one‐resistor (1P‐1R)‐based artificial optical neuron that emulates the sensing, computing, and memorization of a biological retina system. This work employs an InGaAs photodiode featuring a high responsivity and a broad spectrum that covers near‐infrared (NIR) signals and employs an HfO2 memristor as the artificial synapse to achieve the computing/memorization in an analog domain. Using the fabricated focal plane array integrated with an artificial neural network, this work performs in‐sensor image identification of finger veins driven by NIR light illumination (≈84 % accuracy). The proposed in‐sensor image computing architecture that broadly covers the NIR spectrum offers widespread application of focal plane array for computer vision, neuromorphic computing, biomedical engineering, etc.
Flue‐cured tobacco and Cl rates: Implications on yield, quality, and nutrient concentration
Authors: Tiecher Tales , Pace Cara Ruth , Gatiboni Luke , Vann Matthew , Hardy David , Fisher Loren 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe increase in flue‐cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) yields in recent decades due to genetic improvements of new cultivars and management technologies may increase the plant demand for Cl, and the increased dry mass may dilute Cl concentration, thereby reducing negative effects. This study evaluated the effect of increasing doses of Cl on tobacco production, quality, and chemical composition of leaves, in four growing environments located at research stations where flue‐cured tobacco is produced in North Carolina. The treatments consisted of 11 rates of Cl (0, 11, 22, 34, 45, 56, 67, 78, 90, 101, and 112 kg ha−1) in each growing environment, with four replications in a randomized complete block design. The yield and visual quality, total alkaloids, and reducing sugars concentrations of cured leaf were determined. In addition, the concentration of selected nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, and Cl) and nitrate (NO3−) in tobacco leaves was measured in five different periods. Rates of Cl up to 112 kg ha−1 did not reduce the productivity or quality of flue‐cured tobacco in any environment. The Cl rate required to reach the threshold of 1.0% Cl content in cured leaf was site‐specific, being surpassed even in the control treatment at one location, or with Cl rates higher than 34 and 90 kg ha−1 in two environments. In one environment, the Cl rates increased tobacco yield, probably due the direct effect of Cl as a nutrient. Although the increasing Cl rates increased the reducing sugars concentration, visual quality was not attenuated.
Photocatalytic modeling for maximizing utilization of real‐time changing sunlight and rationalizing evaluation
Authors: Wei Xuhui , Xiang Houkui , Xu Yang , Wang Zhijian , Chen Jiazang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBecause of very high potential barrier for thermionic emission and trap‐assisted charge recombination, photocatalytic reaction rate that determined by semiconductor‐cocatalyst interfacial electron transfer severely deviates from linearity to the photocatalyst dosage or to the light intensity. This makes it challenging to maximize utilization of practical irradiation by referring the parameters evaluated from method used in conventional catalysis. We here develop a model and predict that photocatalytic reaction rate positively correlates to photocatalyst concentration under weak illumination while the correlation becomes negative under intense irradiation. The theoretical simulation that matches the experimental values can be used to guide maximizing photocatalytic photon utilization under various intensity of irradiation. The strong correlation can rationalize photocatalytic evaluation instead of obtaining a numerically high value by excessively lowering the denominators. To realize efficient utilization of real‐time changing sunlight, we propose a reactor configuration that can optimize the amount of photocatalyst participating into the reaction.
A framework for addressing Alzheimer's disease: Without a frame, the work has no aim
Authors: Ball Daniel E. , Mattke Soeren , Frank Lori , Murray James F. , Noritake Ryoji , MacLeod Timothy , Benham‐Hermetz Samantha , Kurzman Alissa , Ferrell Phyllis 
Published: December 2022

AbstractConfronting Alzheimer's disease (AD) involves patients, healthcare professionals, supportive services, caregivers, and government agencies interacting along a continuum from initial awareness to diagnosis, treatment, support, and care. This complex scope presents a challenge for health system transformation supporting individuals at risk for, or diagnosed with, AD. The AD systems preparedness framework was developed to help health systems identify specific opportunities to implement and evaluate focused improvement programs. The framework is purposely flexible to permit local adaptation across different health systems and countries. Health systems can develop solutions tailored to system‐specific priorities considered within the context of the overall framework. Example metric concepts and initiatives are provided for each of ten areas of focus. Examples of funded projects focusing on screening and early detection are provided. It is our hope that stakeholders utilize the common framework to generate and share additional implementation evidence to benefit individuals with AD.
WX Cen is X‐ray quiet: Does this signify a high‐mass or a low‐mass binary?
Authors: Zhekov Svetozar A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe present results from analysis of the XMM–Newton observation (2021 February) of the enigmatic object WX Cen: a presumed massive Wolf–Rayet (WR) binary, (WN3 + WC4), or a low‐mass binary. WX Cen was not detected in X‐rays. Its UV emission shows periodic variability with a period (0.405–0.434 day) similar to that found in the optical for this object (0.417 day). The X‐ray nondetection of WX Cen is inconsistent with the fact that WR binaries are X‐ray sources. Also, the X‐ray emission from its early WN‐type component would have been clearly detected in the XMM–Newton exposure. Thus, the X‐ray nondetection does not support the physical picture of WX Cen as a massive WR binary. Alternatively, WX Cen might be a low‐mass binary, presumably a supersoft X‐ray source (a V Sagittae star), and the X‐ray nondetection of WX Cen could be consistent with such a physical picture.
Evaluating the Polymer Backbone – Vinylene versus Styrene – of Anisyl‐substituted Phenothiazines as Battery Electrode Materials
Authors: Desmaizieres Gauthier , Perner Verena , Wassy Daniel , Kolek Martin , Bieker Peter , Winter Martin , Esser Birgit 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOrganic electrode materials are capable candidates for next‐generation greener energy storage solutions. One advantage is that their electrochemical performance can be tuned by structural modification. We herein investigate anisyl‐substituted poly(vinyl‐) and poly(styrylphenothiazines) as positive electrode materials for dual‐ion batteries. π‐Interactions – characteristic to phenothiazine redox polymers – are facilitated in the poly(styrene) derivatives PSAPT and PSAPT‐X‐DVB due to the longer spacing between phenothiazine units and polymer backbone and lead to high cycling stabilities, but reduce their specific capacities. In the poly(vinylenes), the linear PVAPT shows high cycling stability but a dissolution/redeposition mechanism, diminishing its capacity, while the cross‐linked X‐PVAPT demonstrates high cycling stabilities at specific capacities up to 81 mAh g−1 paired with an excellent rate performance, where 10,000 cycles at 100 C rate proceed with 86 % capacity retention.
Sodium Composite Oxide Cathode Materials:Phase Regulation, Electrochemical Performance and Reaction Mechanism
Authors: Zhu Xu , Xu Shao‐Wen , Wang Xian‐Zuo , Liu Mengting , Cheng Yonghong , Wang Peng‐Fei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe abundance of sodium resources provides the basis for the large‐scale application of sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) in the field of energy storage. Among the cathode candidates for SIBs, oxide materials stand out because of their ease of synthesis, environmental friendliness and high capacity. According to the crystal structure, oxide cathode materials can be mainly classified as P2, P3, O3 and tunnel phases. Benefiting from the combined advantages of different phases, composite oxide cathode materials have been widely studied due to the enhanced both cycling and rate performance. In this review, we analyzed the three key issues of phase regulation, electrochemical performance and reaction mechanism based on the recent progress for composite oxide cathode materials. The composite oxide cathode materials will be one of the most competitive and attractive cathodes for SIBs.
Delineation and histological examination of the intramuscular innervation of the platysma: Application to botulinum neurotoxin injection
Authors: Cho Tae‐Hyeon , Won Sung‐Yoon , Yang Hun‐Mu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to identify the whole innervation pattern of the platysma using the Sihler's staining, and the axonal composition profile of the sensory‐motor anastomosis identified by immunofluorescence assays. The findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the neural anatomy of the platysma and facilitate efficient and safe manipulation for neurotoxin injection. Ten fixed and two fresh hemifaces were included in this study. Sihler's staining was used to the study 10 fixed hemifaces and two fresh hemifaces were used for immunofluorescence assays. In all cases, the cervical branch of facial nerve (Cbr) broadly innervated the platysma, and the marginal mandibular branch of facial nerve (MMbr) provided supplementary innervation to the uppermost part of the platysma. The transverse cervical nerve (TCN), great auricular nerve (GAN), and supraclavicular nerve (SCN) were observed in the lower half of the platysma. In 30% of all cases, there was a communicating loop between the Cbr and TCN. In 20% of all the cases, a communicating branch joined between the Cbr and GAN. For successful esthetic rejuvenation procedures, a clinician should consider the Cbr distribution to the overall platysma and additionally innervation by individual nerves (MMbr, GAN, TCN, and SCN) to the middle and lower portions of the platysma muscle.
Analysis of micrognathia with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome improved by a combination of Le Fort I with horseshoe osteotomies, mandibular distraction osteogenesis, and genioplasty
Authors: Koshinuma Shinya , Fujii Takafumi , Okamura Takeshi , Asada Yasuyuki , Machida Yoshisato , Yamamoto Gaku 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe relationship between microgenia and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is well known. 27‐year‐old woman. She underwent a combination of Le Fort I with horseshoe osteotomies and mandibular distraction osteogenesis and genioplasty. She was satisfied with the aesthetics of her face, with an AHI of 7.8/h.