bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross‐organisational data sharing framework based on blockchain‐probes
Authors: Jia Xiaofeng , Xu Wenjing , Deng Pan , Gao Song , Tang Lin , Wang Yuhang , Zhang Min , Bao Lulu , Lin Dingding 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWith the development of information technology, various social fields have gradually realised informatisation and digitisation, and today's society has entered the era of big data. A large amount of data exists in different departments and systems. At present, cross‐organisational data sharing is often realised by point‐to‐point authorisation. However, there are still some threats in the management and control schedule for the whole region. To realise secure and credible data sharing, this paper proposes a cross‐organisational data‐sharing framework based on Blockchain‐Probes using distributed digital identity technology. By using a star data link of the complex network, our system realises the synchronisation of heterogeneous data sources by using a data probe as the inter‐central transmission carrier to link different data sources. The proposed framework is applied to the real scenario; compared with the traditional method, the efficiency and accuracy are improved, and the total cost is reduced by 60%. The framework could be employed in multiple complex system application scenarios such as transportation, finance and urban management.
Point‐track association method with unknown system model
Authors: Wei Xiong , Gu Xiangqi , Yaqi Cui 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe point‐track association methods are proposed on the premise that the system models are known, which obviously does not conform to the actual air target detection environment. Considering this situation, for the point‐track association problems in clutter environment, a point‐track association method with unknown system model (USMA) is proposed. The method integrates reinforcement learning (RL) theory and traditional point‐track association framework, utilises the association process migration of different models, simplifies the entire learning process, and improves the generalisation ability by designing an adaptive mechanism. The experimental results show that when the system model is unknown, the USMA method can more accurately correlate to the measurements, and can also solve the problems of point‐track association with a certain clutter density. Compared with other methods, the USMA method performs better.
Video key frame extraction based on scale and direction analysis
Authors: Dong Yanlei , Zhang Yunzuo , Zhang Jiayu , Zhang Xiuqing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCurrently, efficient and accurate key frame extraction for massive videos remains a challenge, especially in surveillance applications. To overcome the inaccuracy of traditional key frame extraction, this paper proposes a method for key frame extraction via analyzing scale and direction of motion trajectory on spatiotemporal slice (MTSS). The proposed method employs both local and global motion state changes of object as the metric to extract key frames and meanwhile gives a strategy which integrates coarse extraction with partial fine re‐extraction of spatiotemporal slices to capture these state changes. Firstly, coarse extraction of spatiotemporal slices is employed to detect motion segments. Then partial fine re‐extraction is performed on the motion segments to obtain MTSS. Finally, the frames at the inflexions of scale and direction of MTSS are extracted as key frames. The experimental results have demonstrated that the proposed method outperforms existing state‐of‐the‐art methods in terms of accuracy for various videos while requiring a comparable or even less computation time.
Chandrafollow-up of the Hectospec Cluster Survey: Comparison of caustic and hydrostatic masses and constraints on the hydrostatic bias
Authors: Logan Crispin H. A. , Maughan Ben J. , Diaferio Antonaldo , Duffy Ryan T. , Geller Margaret J. , Rines Kenneth , Sohn Jubee 
Published: July 2022

Context.Clusters of galaxies are powerful probes with which to study cosmology and astrophysics. However, for many applications, an accurate measurement of a cluster’s mass is essential. A systematic underestimate of hydrostatic masses from X-ray observations (the so-called hydrostatic bias) may be responsible for tension between the results of different cosmological measurements.Aims.We compare X-ray hydrostatic masses with masses estimated using the caustic method (based on galaxy velocities) in order to explore the systematic uncertainties of both methods and place new constraints on the level of hydrostatic bias.Methods.Hydrostatic and caustic mass profiles were determined independently for a sample of 44 clusters based onChandraobservations of clusters from the Hectospec Cluster Survey. This is the largest systematic comparison of its kind. Masses were compared at a standardised radius (R500) using a model that includes possible bias and scatter in both mass estimates. The systematics affecting both mass determination methods were explored in detail.Results.The hydrostatic masses were found to be systematically higher than caustic masses on average, and we found evidence that the caustic method increasingly underestimates the mass when fewer galaxies are used to measure the caustics. We limit our analysis to the 14 clusters with the best-sampled caustics where this bias is minimised (≥210 galaxies), and find that the average ratio of hydrostatic-to-caustic mass atR500isM500,X/M500,C= 1.12−0.10+0.11.Conclusions.We interpret this result as a constraint on the level of hydrostatic bias, favouring small or zero levels of hydrostatic bias (less than 20% at the 3σlevel). However, we find that systematic uncertainties associated with both mass estimation methods remain at the 10 − 15% level, which would permit significantly larger levels of hydrostatic bias.
Accreting neutron stars from the nuclear energy-density functional theory
Authors: Fantina A. F. , Zdunik J. L. , Chamel N. , Pearson J. M. , Suleiman L. , Goriely S. 
Published: July 2022

Context. The accretion of matter onto the surface of a neutron star in a low-mass X-ray binary triggers X-ray bursts, whose ashes are buried and further processed thus altering the composition and the properties of the stellar crust.
Aims. In this second paper of a series, the impact of accretion on the equation of state and on the global properties of neutron stars is studied in the framework of the nuclear energy-density functional theory.
Methods. Considering ashes made of 56Fe, we calculated the equations of state using the same Brussels-Montreal nuclear energy-density functionals BSk19, BSk20, and BSk21, as those already employed for determining the crustal heating in our previous study for the same ashes. All regions of accreting neutron stars were treated in a unified and thermodynamically consistent way. With these equations of state, we determined the mass, radius, moment of inertia, and tidal deformability of accreted neutron stars and compared with catalyzed neutron stars for which unified equations of state based on the same functionals are available.
Results. The equation of state of accreted neutron stars is found to be significantly stiffer than that of catalyzed matter, with an adiabatic index Γ ≈ 4/3 throughout the crust. For this reason, accreting neutron stars have larger radii. However, their crustal moment of inertia and their tidal deformability are hardly changed provided density discontinuities at the interface between adjacent crustal layers are properly taken into account.
Conclusions. The enhancement of the stiffness of the equation of state of accreting neutron stars is mainly a consequence of nuclear shell effects, thus confirming the importance of a quantum treatment as stressed in our first study. With our previous calculations of crustal heating using the same functionals, we have thus obtained consistent microscopic inputs for simulations of accreting neutron stars.
Characterising the orbit and circumstellar environment of the high-mass binary MWC 166 A
Authors: Zarrilli Sebastian A. , Kraus Stefan , Kreplin Alexander , Monnier John D. , Gardner Tyler , Mérand Antoine , Morrell Sam , Davies Claire L. , Labdon Aaron , Ennis Jacob , Setterholm Benjamin , Le Bouquin Jean-Baptiste , Anugu Narsireddy , Lanthermann Cyprien , Schaefer Gail , ten Brummelaar Theo 
Published: July 2022

Context. Stellar evolution models are highly dependent on accurate mass estimates, especially for highly massive stars in the early stages of stellar evolution. The most direct method for obtaining model-independent stellar masses is derivation from the orbit of close binaries.
Aims. Our aim was to derive the first astrometric plus radial velocity orbit solution for the single-lined spectroscopic binary star MWC 166 A, based on near-infrared interferometry over multiple epochs and ∼100 archival radial velocity measurements, and to derive fundamental stellar parameters from this orbit. A supplementary aim was to model the circumstellar activity in the system from K band spectral lines.
Methods. The data used include interferometric observations from the VLTI instruments GRAVITY and PIONIER, as well as the MIRC-X instrument at the CHARA Array. We geometrically modelled the dust continuum to derive relative astrometry at 13 epochs, determine the orbital elements, and constrain individual stellar parameters at five different age estimates. We used the continuum models as a base to examine differential phases, visibilities, and closure phases over the Br γ and He I emission lines in order to characterise the nature of the circumstellar emission.
Results. Our orbit solution suggests a period of P = 367.7 ± 0.1 d, approximately twice as long as found with previous radial velocity orbit fits. We derive a semi-major axis of 2.61 ± 0.04 au at d = 990 ± 50 pc, an eccentricity of 0.498 ± 0.001, and an orbital inclination of 53.6 ± 0.3°. This allowed the component masses to be constrained to M1 = 12.2 ± 2.2 M⊙ and M2 = 4.9 ± 0.5 M⊙. The line-emitting gas was found to be localised around the primary and is spatially resolved on scales of ∼11 stellar radii, where the spatial displacement between the line wings is consistent with a rotating disc.
Conclusions. The large spatial extent and stable rotation axis orientation measured for the Br γ and He I line emission are inconsistent with an origin in magnetospheric accretion or boundary-layer accretion, but indicate an ionised inner gas disc around this Herbig Be star. We observe line variability that could be explained either with generic line variability in a Herbig star disc or V/R variations in a decretion disc scenario. We have also constrained the age of the system, with relative flux ratios suggesting an age of ∼(7 ± 2)×105 yr, consistent with the system being composed of a main-sequence primary and a secondary still contracting towards the main-sequence stage.
Finding the birthplace of HMXBs in the Galaxy usingGaiaEDR3: Kinematical age determination through orbit integration
Authors: Fortin Francis , García Federico , Chaty Sylvain 
Published: July 2022

Context.High-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) are produced after the first supernova event in a massive binary. These objects are intrinsically young and can suffer from a significant natal kick. As such, the progenitors of HMXBs are likely to have formed away from the current location of the X-ray emitting systems.Aims.We aim to find the birthplace of the known HMXBs of our Milky Way. Specifically, we want to answer the question of whether the formation of HMXBs can be associated with open stellar clusters and/or Galactic spiral structures and, from that, infer the time elapsed since the first supernova event.Methods.We used astrometric data fromGaiaEarly Data Release 3 to initialise the position and velocity of each known HMXB from the Galaxy, and to integrate their motion back in time. In parallel, we performed the same calculations on a sample of 1381 open clusters detected byGaiaas well as for four Galactic spiral arms for which shape and motion have also been recently modelled usingGaiadata. We report on all the encounter candidates between HMXBs and clusters or spiral arms in the past 100 Myr.Results.In our sample of 26 HMXBs, we infer that seven were born in clusters and eight were born near a Galactic spiral arm, and we conclude that seven others could have formed isolated from these Galactic structures. The birthplaces of the remaining four HMXBs are still inconclusive due to a combination of great distance, poor astrometric data, and a lack of a known open cluster in the vicinity. We provide the kinematical age since the supernova of 15 HMXBs.Conclusions.The astrometry fromGaiaand the orbit integration we employed are effective at finding the birthplaces of HMXBs in the Milky Way. By considering the biases in our data and method, we find it is likely that the progenitors of HMXBs preferentially formed alongside other massive stars in open clusters.
Endophthalmitis aus ophthalmopathologischer Sicht
Authors: Herwig-Carl Martina C. , Holz Frank , Löffler Karin U. 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Endophthalmitis ist eine der schwersten ophthalmologischen Notfälle. Bei den meisten Patienten kommt es nach dem Ereignis zu einer bleibenden Visusminderung, das Auge kann aber in den
meisten Fällen erhalten werden. Wenn das Auge nach einer Endophthalmitis enukleiert wird, kann die ophthalmopathologische Aufarbeitung des Bulbus unter Berücksichtigung der klinischen
Vorgeschichte zumindest wertvolle Informationen zum letztlich frustranen Krankheitsverlauf geben, die dann auch zukünftigen Patienten zugutekommen können. Oft ergeben sich auch relevante
Aspekte im Hinblick auf das therapeutische Vorgehen. Beispielhaft soll die Notwendigkeit einer perforierenden Keratoplastik mit großem Transplantatdurchmesser und evtl. Entfernung von
Linsenkapsel mit Kapselsack bei therapieresistenter Pilzendophthalmitis genannt werden. An 5 enukleierten Augen werden im Folgenden verschiedene Ausprägungsgrade und Entstehungswege der
exogenen und selteneren endogenen Endophthalmitis klinisch und ophthalmopathologisch verständlich aufgearbeitet. Zusammenfassend erfordert eine Endophthalmitis schnelles Handeln, dennoch
gilt es, verschiedene Differenzialdiagnosen auszuschließen. Die histopathologische Aufarbeitung enukleierter Augen ist hilfreich, um den Krankheitsverlauf nachzuvollziehen und kann auch
forensische Bedeutung haben.
Perioperative Antibiotics and Other Factors Associated with Postcesarean Infections: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Duffy Cassandra R. , Oberhardt Matthew , Ross Naima , Ewing Julie , Messina Maria , Fitzgerald Kelly , Saiman Lisa , Goffman Dena 
Published: July 2022

Objective Our objective was to determine modifiable risk factors associated with surgical site infection (SSI) and postpartum endometritis. We hypothesized that inappropriate surgical antibiotic prophylaxis would be a risk factor for both types of infections.
Study Design This was a single-center case-control study of SSI and endometritis after cesarean delivery over a 2-year period from 2016 to 2017. Cases were identified by International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision diagnosis codes, infection control surveillance, and electronic medical records search and were subsequently confirmed by chart review. Three controls were randomly selected for each case from all cesareans ± 48 hours from case delivery. Demographic, pregnancy, and delivery characteristics were abstracted. Separate multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess factors associated with SSI and endometritis. Postpartum outcomes, including length of stay and readmission, were also compared.
Results We identified 141 cases of SSI and endometritis with an overall postpartum infection rate of 4.0% among all cesarean deliveries. In adjusted analysis, factors associated with both SSI and endometritis were intrapartum delivery, classical or other (non–low-transverse) uterine incision, and blood transfusion. Factors associated with SSI only included inadequate antibiotic prophylaxis, public insurance, hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, and nonchlorhexidine abdominal preparation; factors only associated with endometritis included β-lactam allergy, anticoagulation therapy, and chorioamnionitis. Among cases, 34% of those with SSI and 25% of those with endometritis did not receive adequate antibiotic prophylaxis, compared with 12.9 and 13.5% in control groups, respectively. Failure to receive appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis was associated with an increased risk of SSI (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 4.4, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.3–15.6) but not endometritis (aOR 0.9, 95% CI 0.4–2.0).
Conclusion Inadequate surgical antibiotic prophylaxis was associated with an increased risk of SSI but not postpartum endometritis, highlighting the different mechanisms of these infections and the importance of prioritizing adequate surgical prophylaxis. Additional potentially modifiable factors which emerged included blood transfusion and chlorhexidine skin preparation.
Key Points
Facilitating Health Information Exchange to Improve Health Outcomes for School-Aged Children: School Nurse Electronic Health Record Access
Authors: Baker Christina , Loresto Figaro , Pickett Kaci , Samay Sadaf Sara , Gance-Cleveland Bonnie 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background and Objectives School-aged children with chronic conditions require care coordination for health needs at school. Access to the student's accurate, real-time medical information is essential for school nurses to maximize their care of students. We aim to analyze school nurse access to medical records in a hospital-based electronic health record (EHR) and the effect on patient outcomes. We hypothesized that EHR access would decrease emergency department (ED) visits and inpatient hospitalizations.
Methods This retrospective secondary data analysis was conducted using EHR data 6 months pre- and post-school nurse access to students' hospital-based EHR. The main outcome measures were the ED visits and inpatient hospitalizations.
Results For the sample of 336 students in the study, there was a 34% decrease in ED visits from 190 visits before access to 126 ED visits after access (p <0.01). Inpatient hospitalizations decreased by 44% from 176 before access to 99 after access (p <0.001). The incident rate of ED visits decreased (IRR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.53–0.83; p = 0.00035), and hospitalizations decreased (IRR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.44–0.72; p <0.0001) from pre to post access. These findings suggest school nurse access to medical records is a positive factor in improving school-aged patient outcomes.
Conclusion School nurse access to medical records through the hospital-based EHR may be a factor to improve patient outcomes by utilizing health information technology for more efficient and effective communication and care coordination for school-aged children with chronic medical conditions.
Ureteral Stent Colonization and Urinary Tract Infection in Children Undergoing Minimally Invasive Pyeloplasty
Authors: Neheman Amos , Sabler Itay M. , Beberashvili Ilia , Goltsman Galina , Verchovsky Guy , Kord Eyal , Yossepowitch Orit , Zisman Amnon , Stav Kobi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction Minimally invasive pyeloplasty (MIP), namely, laparoscopic and robot-assisted interventions, has gained popularity in recent years. Double-J ureteral stents are frequently inserted during surgery. Foreign bodies in the urinary tract are considered as risk factor for developing urinary tract infection (UTI). This study aimed to specify the bacteria cultured from urine and stents responsible for UTI in children with indwelling ureteral stents undergoing MIP.
Patients and Methods We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 30 children (22 boys and 8 girls) who had undergone MIP between 2014 and 2017. Median age at surgery was 2.7 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 0.5–7.9). Urine cultures were obtained before surgery, before stent removal, 1 month after stent removal, and if UTI was suspected. Stents were removed 4 to 8 weeks after surgery and cultured. Patients' demographics, types of stents, and surgical details were recorded.
Results Median stent indwelling time was 5.09 weeks (IQR: 4–6). Postoperative febrile UTI developed in 4/30 (13%) patients. Afebrile UTI occurred in another 4/30 (13%) patients. Stent cultures were positive in 19/30 (63%) patients. Stent and urinary cultures were identical in only one patient. Three of four patients with preoperative asymptomatic bacteriuria developed postoperative UTI. There was no association between UTI, gender, stent diameter, and duration of indwelling catheter.
Conclusion After MIP, febrile UTI and afebrile UTI occurred in about one quarter of patients. Pathogens isolated postsurgically from urinary cultures were unrelated to those colonizing the stents. Therefore, routine stent culturing is of low clinical significance. Moreover, small-caliber stents and longer indwelling periods were not risk factors for UTI. Optimizing antibiotic treatment for children with preoperative UTI may potentially prevent morbidity after surgery.
Laparoscopic Ureteral Reimplantation after Failed Open Surgery: Incorporating the Psoas Hitch Maneuver for Sufficient Tunnel Length
Authors: Shumaker Andrew D. , Kord Eyal , Dubrov Vitaly , Bondarenko Sergey , Visman Yakatwrina , Stav Kobi , Zisman Amnon , Neheman Amos 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background Failure after open ureteral reimplantation has been reported to occur in 2 to 7% of cases. While a second open reconstructive surgery is appropriate in most cases, there are data suggesting similar outcomes utilizing the laparoscopic approach. The objective of this study is to describe a modification and report our experience with laparoscopic ureteral reimplantation after failed open reimplantation reinforced with a psoas hitch.
Materials and Methods A retrospective review of pediatric patients who underwent laparoscopic ureteral reimplantation after failed open surgery between September 2012 and April 2018 at three different academic centers was performed. Patient demographics, surgical indications, complications, and outcomes were reviewed. Either ipsilateral ureteral reimplantation with a combined intravesical and extravesical approaches or a cross-trigonal extravesical approach was utilized, depending on the length of the ureter. In all cases, a psoas hitch was performed to gain a longer submucosal tunnel and relieve tension, thus facilitating an efficient antireflux mechanism.
Results Seventeen patients underwent a laparoscopic ureteral reimplantation after failed open surgery. Median age at second surgery was 106 months (interquartile range [IQR]: 53–122.5). Ipsilateral ureteral reimplantation with a combined intravesical and extravesical approaches was performed in 11 cases and cross-trigonal extravesical approach in 6 cases. Median ureteral diameter before the redo surgery was 16 mm (IQR: 14.5–18.5) and after surgery was 6 mm (IQR: 3.5–8.5) (p < 0.001). Postoperative mercaptoacetyltriglycine renal scan showed a nonobstructive pattern and stable renal function in all cases.
Conclusion Laparoscopic ureteral reimplantation with incorporation of a psoas hitch after failed open reimplantation is safe and effective.