bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eco-Evolutionary Dynamics of the Human-Gut Microbiota Symbiosis in a Changing Nutritional Environment
Authors: Franck Maximilien , de Toro-Martín Juan , Vohl Marie-Claude 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe operational harmony between living beings and their circumstances, their ever-changing environment, is a constitutive condition of their existence. Nutrition and symbiosis are two essential aspects of this harmony. Disruption of the symbiosis between host and gut microbiota, the so-called dysbiosis, as well as the inadequate diet from which it results, contribute to the etiology of immunometabolic disorders. Research into the development of these diseases is highly influenced by our understanding of the evolutionary roots of metabolic functioning, thereby considering that chronic non-communicable diseases arise from an evolutionary mismatch. However, the lens has been mostly directed toward energy availability and metabolism, but away from our closest environmental factor, the gut microbiota. Thus, this paper proposes a narrative thread that places symbiosis in an evolutionary perspective, expanding the traditional framework of humans’ adaptation to their food environment.
The multimodal EchoBorg: not as smart as it looks
Authors: Falcone Sara , Kolkmeier Jan , Bruijnes Merijn , Heylen Dirk 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper we present a Multimodal Echoborg interface to explore the effect of different embodiments of an Embodied Conversational Agent (ECA) in an interaction. We compared an interaction where the ECA was embodied as a virtual human (VH) with one where it was embodied as an Echoborg, i.e, a person whose actions are covertly controlled by a dialogue system. The Echoborg in our study not only shadowed the speech output of the dialogue system but also its non-verbal actions. The interactions were structured as a debate between three participants on an ethical dilemma. First, we collected a corpus of debate sessions with three humans debaters. This we used as baseline to design and implement our ECAs. For the experiment, we designed two debate conditions. In one the participant interacted with two ECAs both embodied by virtual humans). In the other the participant interacted with one ECA embodied by a VH and the other by an Echoborg. Our results show that a human embodiment of the ECA overall scores better on perceived social attributes of the ECA. In many other respects the Echoborg scores as poorly as the VH except copresence.
Investigation into the Health Effects of Reduced Chymase Function Using Predicted Loss-of-Function Mutations in CMA1
Authors: Fairhurst-Hunter Zammy , Walters Robin G. , Zink Alexander , Lin Kuang , Guo Yu , Yu Canqing , Lv Jun , Li Liming , Freitag Daniel F. , Chen Zhengming , Millwood Iona Y. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTissue remodelling and fibrosis which occur in response to injury play a central role in the development of many diseases. Chymase is a key enzyme believed to mediate these pathological processes. As such, chymase inhibitors have been under active development for the treatment of a number of conditions. To investigate the impact of reduced chymase function, we constructed a genetic score from two pLoF mutations in the gene encoding chymase and tested its association with diseases and biomarkers. Our study found no association between the genetically-predicted reduced chymase function score and heart failure, chronic kidney disease or other predefined conditions. We additionally found no association of the score with any physical measurements or biomarkers. Our results provide no evidence in support of chymase inhibition as a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment or prevention of heart failure, chronic kidney disease or major cardiovascular events, as previously proposed.
Periprocedural and 30-day outcomes of robotic-assisted percutaneous coronary intervention used in the intravascular imaging guidance
Authors: Koeda Yorihiko , Ishida Masaru , Sasaki Koto , Kikuchi Sayaka , Yamaya Shohei , Tsuji Keiko , Ishisone Takenori , Goto Iwao , Kimura Takumi , Shimoda Yudai , Doi Akio , Morino Yoshihiro 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn recent years, there have been several reports on robotic-assisted percutaneous coronary intervention (R-PCI), but few studies have been conducted on R-PCI performed under intravascular imaging guidance. To elucidate the periprocedural and postoperative 30-day outcomes of intravascular imaging-guided R-PCI, we performed a retrospective observational study on all patients in 102 consecutive cases who underwent R-PCI under intravascular imaging guidance at a single center in Japan from June 12, 2019 to February 18, 2021. The primary end point was 30-day survival, and the secondary end point was the incidence of complications. Intravascular imaging-guided R-PCI was performed 110 times in total on 125 lesions. The medians of procedural time, fluoroscopy time, contrast volume, patient entrance skin dose, and radiation exposure to the main operator were 49 min, 16 min, 67 mL, 0.62 Gy, and 0 μSv, respectively. Furthermore, 60.0% of target lesion branches were American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association classification type B2 or type C. However, in all cases, lesion dilatation was successful, and the final Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction flow grade was 3. The combination of manual operation was required in 12.7% of all cases, but 30-day survival was confirmed in all cases. There were two problems at the puncture site. One small distal branch artery dissection occurred due to manual operation, but no cardiovascular events (myocardial infarction, stroke) occurred and no target lesion restenosis was observed within 30 days of R-PCI. Hence, R-PCI using intravascular imaging demonstrated highly satisfactory treatment outcomes, and no complication caused by robotic operation was observed.
Behaviour of inradius, circumradius, and diameter in generalized Minkowski spaces
Authors: Brandenberg René , Merino Bernardo González 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe provide a study of Blaschke–Santaló diagrams, i.e. complete systems of inequalities, for the inradius, diameter, and circumradius, measured with respect to different gauges. This contrasts previous works on those diagrams, which are all considered for the Euclidean measure. By proving several new inequalities and properties between these three functionals, we compute the intersection and the union over all possible gauges of those diagrams, showing that they coincide with the corresponding diagrams of a parallelotope and (in the planar case) a triangle, respectively. We also show that the planar spaces whose unit balls are regular pentagons or hexagons play an important role in the understanding of further extreme behaviours.
Effect of some mutagenic compounds on lipase production by fluconazole-treated Candida catenulata
Authors: Hafez Rehab M. , Abdel-Rahman Tahany M. A. , Atef Alaa , Abed Nermine N. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Lipases (triacylglycerol acylhydrolases, E.C. 3.1.1.3) are enzymes widely applied in industry and medicine. Our previous study showed that Candida catenulata produced much higher lipase activity in presence of 150 mg fluconazole than that in untreated control. Consequently in this study, optimization of fluconazole-treated C. catenulata for maximum lipase production was carried out. Fluconazole-treated C. catenulate cultured on medium containing 2.5% Tween 80 as carbon source, 0.7% yeast extract as nitrogen source, and 10 mM CuSO4.5H2O. pH 5.5, dark incubation at 37 °C under dark agitation for 3 days expressed the optimum physiological variables for maximum lipase production. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of the native cell (control) of C. catenulata declared a typical morphology of Candida cell with a uniform central density, typical structured nucleus, and a cytoplasm with several elements of endomembrane system and enveloped by a regular intact cell wall. The TEM photomicrograph of 150 mg fluconazole-treated cells of C. catenulata showed that the ultrastructures of treated C. catenulata displayed many noticeable morphological changes. The effect of mutagens [sodium azide (SA), ethidium bromide (EtBr), ethanol (EtOH)] was assayed on the lipase activity from C. catenulata. All mutagenic compounds with different concentrations decreased the lipase activity. Yeast specific activity, protein concentrations, and dry biomass gradually reached their highest decline at mutagen-elevated concentrations. Combination of lower concentrations of mutagen (0.1 µg/ml EtBr + 0.5 mM SA + 10% EtOH, Comb-Fl) exerted synergistic inhibition action and reduced C. catenulata virulent factor (lipase) over their single treatment. When 150 mg fluconazole was added to the mutagen’s combination mixture (Comb + Fl), an increase in the production of the virulence factor lipase by C. catenulata was detected. This action indicated the antagonistic effect of fluconazole over the mutagen combination mixture in increasing the fungal pathogenicity.
Solvent production from rice straw by a co-culture of Clostridium acetobutylicum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae: effect of pH control
Authors: Capilla Miguel , Valles Alejo , San-Valero Pau , Álvarez-Hornos Francisco Javier , Gabaldón Carmen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOne of the challenges in biofuel production from lignocellulosic wastes is to improve its conversion to solvents; therefore, new strategies to enhance xylose uptake are required due to be the secondary abundant sugar. In this context, a novel fermentation strategy integrating a co-culture of Clostridium acetobutylicum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae with pH control was developed. Initially, two different buffers, ammonium acetate and calcium carbonate, were tested under pHmin > 4.8 by fermenting 60 g L−1 of glucose with the C. acetobutylicum monoculture. Ammonium acetate was selected for fermenting media as butanol production was increased from 9.8 to 10.9 g L−1 over the calcium carbonate test. Comparing with the spontaneous acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation with C. acetobutylicum when no xylose consumption was observed, xylose consumption was efficiently increased by controlling pHmin > 4.8. The xylose consumption was > 47% either by using a 45:15 g L−1 glucose:xylose mixture or with rice straw (RS) hydrolysate. Clostridium monoculture using RS hydrolysate and pHmin > 4.8 produced a butanol (ABE) concentration of 6.5 (9.5) g L−1. While it increased to 7.0 (13.1) g L−1 when the co-culture with S. cerevisiae was used using same pH regulation strategy mainly due to ethanol increase up to 2.7 g L−1. Moreover, the xylose uptake doubled to 94% due to amino-acid secretion by yeast. Overall, this combined strategy was a very effective method for promoting sugar consumption and ABE solvent production from lignocellulosic waste.
Expeditious microwavable one-pot synthesis and biological exploration of spiro[indoline-3,4′-pyrazolo[3,4-b] pyridine derivatives
Authors: Naglaa F. H. Mahmoud , Rizk Sameh A. , Galal A. Elsayed , Ali Ali Kh. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA rapid and efficient microwave-promoted one-pot strategy has been utilized to synthesize differentially functionalized spiro[indoline-3,4′-pyrazolo[3,4-b] pyridine derivatives. Different optimized reaction conditions have been exploited when one-pot four-component (hydrazines, 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, isatin, and malononitrile) reactions took place to afford satisfying yields of compounds [5–28]. Among different methodologies, the catalyst-free microwave-assisted fusion process has been proved to be the strategy with desirable traits to give good-to-excellent yields of the target compounds. Structural features of the obtained compounds were confirmed by the basis of elemental analyses, mass,1H-NMR, and13C-NMR spectrometry.
Use of industrial residues for heavy metals immobilization in contaminated site remediation: a brief review
Authors: Schlögl S. , Diendorfer P. , Baldermann A. , Vollprecht D. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe increasing use of industrial residues for the remediation of landscapes contaminated with heavy metals diminishes the negative environmental impact of the contamination itself, reduces the demand for primary raw materials and minimizes the costs for the disposal of the residues. On the other hand, industrial residues often contain heavy metals themselves, which make their application for contaminated site remediation controversial. This study assembles and compares results of different investigations, such as laboratory tests, greenhouse tests and full-scale field tests, concerning heavy metals immobilization in soils all over the world. This review begins with an overview of the principles of immobilization and then focusses on two major groups of industrial residues: (i) residues from metallurgy (slags and red mud) and (ii) residues from thermal processes, i.e. incineration and pyrolysis. The feasibility of industrial residue applications in contaminated site remediation is presented exemplarily for the immobilization of arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, manganese, nickel, lead and zinc. Red mud and steel slag additives show a high removal efficiency for specific heavy metals at contaminated field sites, whereas fly ash and biochar applications exhibit a high performance for various heavy metals uptake at laboratory scale, bearing a high potential for the extension to full-industrial scale. The latter materials may increase the soil pH, which favours the sorption of cationic heavy metals, but may decrease the sorption of hazardous oxyanions.
Graphical abstract
A Comprehensive Cancer-Associated MicroRNA Expression Profiling and Proteomic Analysis of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes
Authors: Jothimani Ganesan , Pathak Surajit , Dutta Suman , Duttaroy Asim K. , Banerjee Antara 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background:
The mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have enormous therapeutic potential owing to their multi-lineage differentiation and self-renewal properties. MSCs express growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, and non-coding regulatory RNAs with immunosuppressive, anti-tumor, and migratory properties. MSCs also release several anti-cancer molecules via extracellular vesicles, that act as pro-apoptotic/tumor suppressor factors. This study aimed to identify the stem cell-derived secretome that could exhibit anti-cancer properties through molecular profiling of cargos in MSC-derived exosomes.

Methods:
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) were isolated from umbilical cord tissues and culture expanded. Subsequently, exosomes were isolated from hUCMSC conditioned medium and characterized by DLS, electron microscopy. Western blot for exosome surface marker protein CD63 expression was performed. The miRNA profiling of hUCMSCs and hUCMSC-derived exosomes was performed, followed by functional enrichment analysis.

Results:
The tri-lineage differentiation potential, fibroblastic morphology, and strong expression of pluripotency genes indicated that isolated fibroblasts are MSCs. The isolated extracellular vesicles were 133.8 ± 42.49 nm in diameter, monodispersed, and strongly expressed the exosome surface marker protein CD63. The miRNA expression profile and gene ontology (GO) depicted the differential expression patterns of high and less-expressed miRNAs that are crucial to be involved in the regulation of apoptosis. The LCMS/MS data and GO analysis indicate that hUCMSC secretomes are involved in several oncogenic and inflammatory signaling cascades.

Conclusion:
Primary human MSCs released miRNAs and growth factors via exosomes that are increasingly implicated in intercellular communications, and hUCMSC-exosomal miRNAs have a critical influence in regulating cell death and apoptosis of cancer cells.

Graphical abstract
Welche Rolle spielen die soziale Herkunft und die Schulform für die Wahrnehmung von digitalem Feedback und das akademische Selbstkonzept während der COVID-19 Pandemie?
Authors: Emde Fabian Alexander , Weber Kira Elena 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungWie Schüler*innen Feedback wahrnehmen, bedingt die Wirkung von Feedback auf schulische Leistungen sowie die Genese von akademischen Selbstkonzepten. Durch die COVID-19 Pandemie veränderten sich die Rahmenbedingungen des schulischen Lernens und somit auch die Feedbackgelegenheiten im Unterricht. In der vorliegenden Studie wurde anhand einer Stichprobe von 668 Schüler*innen verschiedener Schulformen untersucht, wie häufig diese digitales Feedback von Lehrkräften erhielten und wie sie das Feedback wahrnahmen. Dabei wurde analysiert, welche Rolle die Schulform und die soziale Herkunft (sozioökonomischer Status und Migrationshintergrund) bei der Wahrnehmung von Feedback spielen und ob die soziale Herkunft, die Schulform und das wahrgenommene Feedback das akademische Selbstkonzept vorhersagen können. Bezogen auf die Schulform nahmen Schüler*innen an Gymnasien das Feedback ihrer Lehrkräfte als weniger fair wahr, akzeptierten es weniger und sahen weniger Nutzen in dem Feedback. Die soziale Herkunft von Schüler*innen mit und ohne Migrationshintergrund spielte keine Rolle bei der Wahrnehmung des Feedbacks. Die Ergebnisse eines multiplen Regressionsmodells zeigten, dass der sozioökonomische Status, die wahrgenommeneFairnessund derNutzendes Feedbacks positive Prädiktoren für dasakademische Selbstkonzeptim Distanzunterricht sind. Die vorliegende Studie liefert damit erste Hinweise auf die Wahrnehmung von digitalem Feedback und den Zusammenhang zum akademischen Selbstkonzept. Die Ergebnisse implizieren, dass Lehrkräfte die Wahrnehmung des Feedbacks durch die Schüler*innen stärker einbeziehen sollten, um insbesondere das akademische Selbstkonzept zu stärken.
Nuclear medicine and radiotherapy in the clinical management of glioblastoma patients
Authors: Nardone Valerio , Desideri Isacco , D’Ambrosio Luca , Morelli Ilaria , Visani Luca , Di Giorgio Eugenio , Guida Cesare , Clemente Alfredo , Belfiore Maria Paola , Cioce Fabrizio , Spadafora Marco , Vinciguerra Claudia , Mansi Luigi , Reginelli Alfonso , Cappabianca Salvatore 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Introduction
The aim of the narrative review was to analyse the applications of nuclear medicine (NM) techniques such as PET/CT with different tracers in combination with radiotherapy for the clinical management of glioblastoma patients.

Materials and methods
Key references were derived from a PubMed query. Hand searching and clinicaltrials.gov were also used.

Results
This paper contains a narrative report and a critical discussion of NM approaches in combination with radiotherapy in glioma patients.

Conclusions
NM can provide the Radiation Oncologist several aids that can be useful in the clinical management of glioblastoma patients. At the same, these results need to be validated in prospective and multicenter trials.
Congenital Spinal Canal Stenosis (CSS): A Case Report of Two Similar Rare Anomalies
Authors: Sabu Brinda , Raja Vijayalakshmi , Srinivasan Lata , Suresh Indrani , Seshadri Suresh 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCongenital spinal canal stenosis is a very rare vertebral disorder. The etiology is not clearly defined. Genetic, nutritional, and environmental factors have all been presumed to play a role in the evolution of this defect. The incidence of congenital spinal canal stenosis is also unknown. To our knowledge, there are no prenatally described cases in literature. We report two unusual cases of congenital spinal canal stenosis associated with rib and vertebral anomalies. Both presented with vertebral anomalies at the thoracic level, congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV) and rib anomalies. In view of multiple anomalies, both the pregnancies were terminated and the diagnosis was confirmed by postnatal pathological examination.
The Efficacy of Targeted Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Improving Mental Health and Cognition Among Youth and Adults with ACE Histories: A Systematic Mixed Studies Review
Authors: Moyes Ellie , Nutman George , Mirman Jessica Hafetz 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are associated with increased psychological wellbeing. The literature suggests that individuals exposed to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may benefit greatly from MBIs. However, research has tended to focus on universal MBIs for this population with less attention on the effectiveness of targeted approaches. Moreover, there is growing concern regarding the methodological rigor of MBI research. This systematic mixed studies review (SMRS) reports the effectiveness of MBIs for improving mental health and cognition among individuals with ACE histories. Additionally, the review reports the quality and rigor of the included research. Systematic searches of PsycInfo, EMBASE, MEDLINE, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, ProQuest Social Science database and the Child Development and Adolescent Studies database were conducted. Results were screened and data were extracted then synthesized using a data-based convergent synthesis design. Thirteen studies were included in the final review. Six prominent themes emerged. Themes indicated that MBIs were effective for improving mental health and cognition for individuals with ACEs. For example, improvements in mood and anxieties, as well as a better ability to manage emotions. Shortcomings in the quality of MBI research included lack of reporting of methodological details (e.g., randomization procedures) and not systematically reporting adverse event evaluations. Recommendations are made for future research to strengthen the evidence base for MBIs for individuals with ACEs.
Good and Evil in Recent Discussion
Authors: Russell Luke 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper addresses the question of whether the concept of evil is philosophically adequate. It sets out a secular conception of evil that is sufficiently clear to be used in philosophical theorising. Evil, so conceived, is not merely a fiction or an illusion, but is a moral property possessed by some actions and some persons in the real world. While several philosophers have claimed that it is inescapably dangerous to use the concept of evil, the reality is that the concept of evil, when used carefully, is not prohibitively dangerous. Evil actions are not merely the opposite of good actions. Rather evil actions are are a small subset of extreme moral wrongs.
Influence of bioactive metal fillers on microstructural homogeneity of PA12 composites produced by polymer Laser Sintering
Authors: Gruber Piotr , Ziółkowski Grzegorz , Olejarczyk Michał , Grochowska Emilia , Hoppe Viktoria , Szymczyk-Ziółkowska Patrycja , Kurzynowski Tomasz 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, polyamide 12 (PA12) blends with three types of metallic fillers are tested, which differ in the type of material and its’ morphology. Low content mixtures are taken into consideration (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0 wt%), since a low impact on mechanical properties along with obtaining antibacterial properties are desired. The investigation focuses on filler distribution as well as the influence on microstructural homogeneity of the base material after processing with polymer Laser Sintering. Moreover, the influence of the filler content on the mechanical properties and fracture behaviour were examined. Processability PA12 with bioactive metal fillers was confirmed, and no significant changes in ductile behaviour of PA 12 were observed. An in-depth analysis of the effect of the filler on microstructural homogeneity was conducted.
Graphical abstract