bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of outcomes of proximal humerus fractures in children and adolescents: A systematic review
Authors: Abbot Samuel , Proudman Susanna , Ravichandran Bhuvanesh , Williams Nicole 
Published: August 2022

Purpose: Minimally displaced pediatric proximal humerus fractures can be reliably managed non-operatively; however, there is considerable debate regarding the appropriate management of severely displaced proximal humerus fractures, particularly in older children and adolescents with limited remodeling potential. The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review to answer the questions: “What are the functional and quality-of-life outcomes of pediatric proximal humerus fractures?” and “What factors have been associated with a poorer outcome?” Methods: A review of Medline and Embase was performed on 4 July 2021 using search terms relevant to proximal humerus fractures, surgery, non-operative management, pediatrics, and outcomes. Studies including ≥10 pediatric patients with proximal humerus fractures, which assessed clinical outcomes by use of an established outcome measure, were selected. The following clinical information was collected: participant characteristics, treatment, complications, and outcomes. Results: Twelve articles were selected, including four prospective cohort studies and eight retrospective cohort studies. Favorable outcome scores were found for patients with minimally displaced fractures, and for children aged less than 10 years, irrespective of treatment methodology or grade of fracture displacement. Older age at injury and higher grade of fracture displacement were reported as risk factors for a poorer patient-reported outcome score. Conclusion: An excellent functional outcome can be expected following non-operative management for minimally displaced pediatric proximal humerus fractures. Prospective trials are required to establish a guideline for the management of severely displaced proximal humerus fractures in children and adolescents according to fracture displacement and the degree of skeletal maturity. Level of evidence: level V.
The Role of Healthcare Facility Design on the Mental Health of Healthcare Professionals: A Literature Review
Authors: Jin Hyun-Young , Gold Chas , Cho Junhee , Marzban Fatemeh , Lim Lisa 
Published: August 2022

Objective: This study aims to review and synthesize the empirical evidence about the connection between healthcare facility design and the mental health of healthcare professionals by reviewing the relevant literature. Background: Mental exhaustion of healthcare professionals is becoming a critical issue in healthcare, especially during the pandemic. The physical design of healthcare facilities has significant potential to reduce and prevent the mental exhaustion of healthcare professionals by removing environmental stressors and providing restorative experiences. However, the built environment is not fully utilized as an intervention to support healthcare professionals. Methods: Relevant articles were identified from the Medline, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science databases using a combination of search terms representing environmental design factors and health outcomes. Identified articles were reviewed by their titles, abstracts, and full texts using the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The search yielded 27 empirical articles investigating the relationships between environmental design factors and staff mental health outcomes, including stress, fatigue, job satisfaction, burnout, and well-being. Healthcare design aspects that were investigated in the identified articles include overall facility and perception (e.g., aesthetic appeal and impression, belonging to the surroundings, safety), specific spaces (e.g., patient area, staff workspace), intangible elements (e.g., exterior view, light, sound), and interior space and ergonomics (e.g., material finishes, furniture). Conclusions: Through the synthesis of the current literature regarding the relationships between healthcare facility design and the mental health of healthcare professionals, this study provides implications for supporting healthcare professionals through the design of the healthcare facility.
Cutoff Value for the Patient Acceptable Symptom State of the Thai IKDC Subjective Knee Form in Patients After Primary ACL Reconstruction
Authors: Piamthipmanas Tananthorn , Lertwanich Pisit , Ganokroj Phob , Vanadurongwan Bavornrat , Keyurapan Ekavit , Lamsam Chanin 
Published: August 2022

Background: The Patient Acceptable Symptom State (PASS) cutoff is the value on a patient-reported outcome measure beyond which patients consider themselves to be “feeling well.” There are limited data regarding the PASS threshold for non-English versions of the International Knee Documentation Committee–Subjective Knee Form (IKDC-SKF). Purpose: To establish the PASS cutoff for the Thai version of the IKDC-SKF for patients undergoing primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) and to identify factors to achieve PASS after surgery. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Included in this study were patients aged 18 to 50 years who had undergone primary unilateral ACLR between January 2016 and February 2020. After enrollment, patients completed the Thai IKDC-SKF and answered the anchor question for determining the PASS. Results: Questionnaires were sent to 321 patients, of whom 173 (53.9%) responded. The vast majority (156 patients; 90.2%) considered themselves to have achieved the PASS. This group of patients had significantly higher IKDC scores than did those who did not have an acceptable symptom state (79.6 ± 14.2 vs 60.7 ± 16.5; P < .001). The receiver operating characteristic curve of the IKDC score for predicting the PASS had an area under the curve of 0.82 (95% CI, 0.72-0.91). The optimum PASS cutoff of the Thai IKDC-SKF was a score of 74.2 (sensitivity, 0.72; specificity, 0.82). Factors that provided favorable odds for achieving the PASS were the use of a hamstring tendon autograft (odds ratio, 4.1; 95% CI, 1.5-20.6) and the absence of a patellofemoral chondral lesion (odds ratio, 3.8; 95% CI, 1.03-14.1). Conclusion: For patients undergoing ACLR, the cutoff for the PASS of the Thai version of the IKDC-SKF was a score of 74.2. Two surgery-related factors provided favorable odds for achieving the PASS: the use of a hamstring tendon autograft and the absence of a patellofemoral chondral lesion.
Discovery of novel predisposing coding and noncoding variants in familial Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Flerlage Jamie E. , Myers Jason R. , Maciaszek Jamie L. , Oak Ninad , Rashkin Sara R. , Hui Yawei , Wang Yong-Dong , Chen Wenan , Wu Gang , Chang Ti-Cheng , Hamilton Kayla , Tithi Saima S. , Goldin Lynn R. , Rotunno Melissa , Caporaso Neil , Vogt Aurélie , Flamish Deborah , Wyatt Kathleen , Liu Jia , Tucker Margaret , Hahn Christopher N. , Brown Anna L. , Scott Hamish S. , Mullighan Charles , Nichols Kim E. , Metzger Monika L. , McMaster Mary L. , Yang Jun J. , Rampersaud Evadnie 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Familial aggregation of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) has been demonstrated in large population studies, pointing to genetic predisposition to this hematological malignancy. To understand the genetic variants associated with the development of HL, we performed whole genome sequencing on 234 individuals with and without HL from 36 pedigrees that had 2 or more first-degree relatives with HL. Our pedigree selection criteria also required at least 1 affected individual aged &lt;21 years, with the median age at diagnosis of 21.98 years (3-55 years). Family-based segregation analysis was performed for the identification of coding and noncoding variants using linkage and filtering approaches. Using our tiered variant prioritization algorithm, we identified 44 HL-risk variants in 28 pedigrees, of which 33 are coding and 11 are noncoding. The top 4 recurrent risk variants are a coding variant in KDR (rs56302315), a 5′ untranslated region variant in KLHDC8B (rs387906223), a noncoding variant in an intron of PAX5 (rs147081110), and another noncoding variant in an intron of GATA3 (rs3824666). A newly identified splice variant in KDR (c.3849-2A&gt;C) was observed for 1 pedigree, and high-confidence stop-gain variants affecting IRF7 (p.W238∗) and EEF2KMT (p.K116∗) were also observed. Multiple truncating variants in POLR1E were found in 3 independent pedigrees as well. Whereas KDR and KLHDC8B have previously been reported, PAX5, GATA3, IRF7, EEF2KMT, and POLR1E represent novel observations. Although there may be environmental factors influencing lymphomagenesis, we observed segregation of candidate germline variants likely to predispose HL in most of the pedigrees studied.
Dynamic EASIX scores closely predict nonrelapse mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation
Authors: Nawas Mariam T. , Sanchez-Escamilla Miriam , Devlin Sean M. , Maloy Molly A. , Ruiz Josel D. , Sauter Craig S. , Giralt Sergio A. , Perales Miguel-Angel , Scordo Michael 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Endothelial activation and stress index (EASIX) predicts nonrelapse mortality (NRM) when assessed before hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). We sought to determine whether changes in EASIX after HCT may be an informative marker of NRM. We evaluated 509 adults who underwent reduced intensity, unmodified (N = 149, 29%), or myeloablative ex vivo CD34+-selected allogeneic HCT (allo-HCT) (N = 306, 71%) between 2008 and 2016. Patients who underwent unmodified allo-HCT received tacrolimus-based graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis, whereas CD34+-selected patients received no planned immunosuppression. EASIX (lactate dehydrogenase × creatinine/platelet count) was calculated continuously until 1-year after HCT. Log transformation using base 2 (log2) was applied to all EASIX variables to reduce skew. In total, 360 patients (71%) received CD34+-selected and 149 (29%) unmodified allo-HCT. Among all patients, EASIX scores increased rapidly, peaked at day +8, then declined rapidly until day +33. Thereafter, scores declined gradually but remained above the pre-HCT baseline. In unmodified HCT, scores appeared higher over time than in CD34+-selected patients. EASIX discrimination of NRM was highest around day +180 (concordance index = 0.85) in both platforms, but the prognostic impact of EASIX across time points differed between the 2 platforms. Mean EASIX scores were higher in men (mean log2 +0.52) and in patients who developed grade 2 to 4 GVHD (+0.81) and lower in patients who received matched vs mismatched donors (−0.81, all P &lt; .01). EASIX scores are dynamic and variably concordant with NRM when analyzed longitudinally, and patterns differ between HCT platforms. Compared to pre-HCT evaluation, post-HCT EASIX scores may better predict risk of NRM as patients acquire additional endothelial injury and toxicities.
Persistent headache after first-ever ischemic stroke: clinical characteristics and factors associated with its development
Authors: Lebedeva Elena R. , Ushenin Anton V. , Gurary Natalia M. , Gilev Denis V. , Kislyak Nadezda V. , Olesen Jes 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
It is poorly described how often headache attributed to stroke continues for more than 3 months, i.e. fulfils the criteria for persistent headache attributed to ischemic stroke. Our aims were: 1) to determine the incidence of persistent headache attributed to past first-ever ischemic stroke (International headache society categories 6.1.1.2); 2) to describe their characteristics and acute treatment; 3) to analyse the prevalence of medication overuse headache in patients with persistent headache after stroke; 4) to evaluate factors associated with the development of persistent headache after stroke.

Methods
The study population consisted of 550 patients (mean age 63.1, 54% males) with first-ever ischemic stroke, among them 529 patients were followed up at least three months after stroke. Standardized semi-structured interview forms were used to evaluate these headaches during professional face-to-face interviews at stroke onset and telephone interviews at 3 months.

Results
At three months, 61 patients (30 women and 31 men, the mean age 60.0) of 529 (11.5%) follow-up patients had a headache after stroke: 34 had a new type of headache, 21 had a headache with altered characteristics and 6 patients had a headache without any changes. Therefore 55 (10.4%) patients had a persistent headache attributed to ischemic stroke. Their clinical features included: less severity of accompanying symptoms, slowly decreasing frequency and development of medication overuse headache in one-third of the patients. The following factors were associated with these headaches: lack of sleep (29.1%, p = 0.009; OR 2.3; 95% CI 1.2–4.3), infarct in cerebellum (18.2%, p = 0.003; OR 3.0; 95% CI 1.4–6.6), stroke of undetermined etiology (50.9%, p = 0.003; OR 2.3; 95% CI 1.3–4.1), less than 8 points by NIHSS score (90.9%, p = 0.007; OR 3.4; 95% CI 1.4–8.6) and low prevalence of large-artery atherosclerosis (12.7%, p = 0.006; OR 0.3; 95% CI 0.2–0.80).

Conclusion
Persistent headache attributed to ischemic stroke is not rare and frequently leads to medication overuse. The problem is often neglected because of other serious consequences of stroke but actually, it has a considerable impact on quality of life. It should be a focus of interest in the follow-up of stroke patients.
Structural, Optical and Photocatalytic Activity of Multi-heterojunction Bi2O3/Bi2O2CO3/(BiO)4CO3(OH)2 Nanoflakes Synthesized via Submerged DC Electrical Discharge in Urea Solution
Authors: Hashemi E. , Poursalehi R. , Delavari H. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this research, a novel ternary multi-heterojunction Bi2O3/Bi2O2CO3/(BiO)4CO3(OH)2 photocatalyst is fabricated via submerged DC electrical arc discharge in urea solution. FT-IR, XRD, EDS and PL results confirm the formation of Bi2O3/Bi2O2CO3/(BiO)4CO3(OH)2 multi-heterojunction. Formation of nanoflake morphology is revealed by FE-SEM and TEM images. The optical properties and intense absorption edge of Bi2O3/Bi2O2CO3/(BiO)4CO3(OH)2 reveal the proper visible light absorbing ability. The photocatalytic performance of the sample is investigated via the degradation of methylene orange (MeO) and rhodamine B (RB) under visible light irradiation. The photocatalytic activity of Bi2O3/Bi2O2CO3/(BiO)4CO3(OH)2 is compared with the synthesized sample in water, Bi2O3/Bi/Bi(OH)3, which exhibits much higher photocatalytic activity. Also, the stable photodegradation efficiency of Bi2O3/Bi2O2CO3/(BiO)4CO3(OH)2 after four cycles reveals the long-term stability and reusability of the synthesized photocatalyst. The PL intensity of Bi2O3/Bi2O2CO3/(BiO)4CO3(OH)2 shows an improved separation rate of electron–hole pairs and so enhanced photocatalytic performance. The improved photocatalytic activity can be ascribed to the formation of multi-heterojunctions, flake morphology and intrinsic internal electric field (IEF). Multi-heterojunction nanoflakes enhance the absorbance of visible light and facilitate the separation and transport of photogenerated electron holes through large IEF. Our work offers an effective method for the production of innovative bismuth-based photocatalyst with excellent prospects for the degradation of environmental pollutants and light harvesting for renewable energy generation under visible light.
Diversity, distribution, and function of bacteria in the supraglacial region hit by glacial lake outburst flood in northern Pakistan
Authors: Ilahi Nikhat , Bahadur Ali , Wang Wenyin , Degen A. Allan , Kang Shichang , Sajjad Wasim , Shang Zhanhuan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Glaciers of the Hindu Kush region are highly susceptible to climate change. Recently, a severe glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF) hit the supraglacial region at the frontier of Dook Pal Glacier. Information on the bacterial community in a freshly appeared supraglacial lake after GLOF is essential to probe the bacterial distribution pattern after immediate unlocking from the supraglacial region. After GLOF, geochemistry and bacterial diversity, distribution, community structure, and function were examined in the lake-debris and melt-water.

Results
In general, concentrations of dissolved free amino acids were similar between lake-debris and melt-water, potentially toxic elements and cations were greater in lake-debris, and anions concentrations were greater in melt-water. In addition, there was comparable diversity in the glacial melt-water and lake-debris; Proteobacteria dominated in lake-debris (33.1–94.5%), while Proteobacteria (36.7–50.5%) and Firmicutes (44–62%) dominated in melt-water. It is more likely that Proteobacteria and Firmicutes shifted towards melt-water after GLOF, creating an uneven distribution of communities in the lake-debris; however, a relatively even distribution was maintained in melt-water. Genes responsible for metabolism and energy production were higher in lake-debris than in melt-water bacteria; whereas, genes for other cellular mechanisms were higher in melt-water than in lake-debris bacteria.

Conclusions
This study offers valuable datasets in understanding the bacterial diversity, distribution and function as a consequence of GLOF at the glacial frontier.
Glucoraphanin and sulforaphane biosynthesis by melatonin mediating nitric oxide in hairy roots of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Planch): insights from transcriptome data
Authors: Ma Shaoying , Bao Jinyu , Lu Yaqi , Lu Xu , Tian Peng , Zhang Xiaoling , Yang Jie , Shi Xiaotong , Pu Zhihui , Li Sheng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGlucoraphanin (GRA) is present in the seeds and nutrient organs of broccoli and is the precursor of the anti-cancer compound sulforaphane (SF). The hairy roots obtained by infecting broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. Italic Planch) leaves with Agrobacterium rhizogenes (ATCC15834) are phytohormonally autonomous, genetically stable, and can produce large amounts of the anti-cancer substance SF. Melatonin (MT) is a natural hormone widely found in plants. Studies have shown that melatonin can regulate the synthesis of secondary metabolites of downstream targets by mediating the synthesis of signal molecules. However, whether MT regulates the synthesis of NO and H2O2 and mediates the synthesis mechanism of secondary metabolites, GRA and SF, is not yet clear. In this study, the hairy roots of broccoli were treated with 500 μmol/L MT, and the genome of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis L) was used as the reference genome for transcriptome analysis. By this approach, we found that MT regulates the synthesis of NO and H2O2 and mediates the synthesis of secondary metabolites GRA and SF. GO annotations indicated that DEGs involved in the MT treatment of broccoli hairy roots were mainly related to catalytic activity, cells, and metabolic processes; the KEGG pathway analysis indicated that MT treatment likely affects the hormone signal transduction process in broccoli hairy roots; broccoli hairy roots were treated with 500 μmol/L MT for 0, 6, 12, 20, and 32 h, respectively; compared with 0 h, the yield of GRA and SF increased under the other treatments. The highest yields of GRA and SF occurred at 12 h. The NO content was the highest at 12 h, and the H2O2 content was positively correlated with MT concentration. The content of NO and H2O2 were regulated, and the content of GRA and SF was increased under MT treatment. NO synthase inhibitor (L-NAME and TUN) could effectively inhibit the content of NO in broccoli hairy roots and reduce GRA and SF yield; MT could regulate NO levels by regulating NO synthesis-related enzymes and could alleviate the reduction of NO content in tissue cells caused by NO synthase inhibitor and promote NO synthesis. These results have important theoretical implications for understanding the regulation of GRA and SF synthesis events by NO and H2O2.
Prevalence and associated factors of cognitive frailty in older patients with chronic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Chang Jing , Hou Wenwen , Li Yanchun , Li Shujuan , Zhao Kai , Wang Yanfei , Hou Yuanping , Sun Qianmei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is prevalent in older adults. In the aging CKD population, cognitive frailty is more common, but its prevalence and associated risk factors need to be further investigated.

Methods
This is a cross-sectional study that enrolled patients aged ≥ 60 years with a diagnosis of CKD from January 2018 to February 2021. Patients were assessed for frailty and cognition with the FRAIL and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scales and were divided into the cognitive frailty and non-cognitive frailty groups. Risk factors for cognitive frailty were identified by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. A prediction model for cognitive frailty was built and a nomogram was plotted. The performance of the nomogram was evaluated by using a concordance index (C-index) and calibration plots.

Results
A total of 1015 older patients with CKD were enrolled, among whom 607 (59.8%) were males and 408 (40.2%) were females, with an age ranging from 60 to 98 years, and an cognitive frailty prevalence of 15.2%. The prevalence of cognitive frailty varied among the CKD stages 1–5, with rates of 4.7%, 7.5%, 13.8%, 18.5%, and 21.4%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR = 1.11, 95%CI 1.08–1.14, p < 0.001), depression (OR = 2.52, 95%CI 1.54–4.11, p < 0.001), low social support (OR = 2.08, 95%CI 1.28–3.39, p = 0.003), Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) (OR = 1.92, 95%CI 1.70–2.18, p < 0.001), eGFR (OR = 0.98, 95%CI 0.96–0.99, p < 0.001) and albuminuria (OR = 5.93, 95%CI 3.28–10.74, p < 0.001) were independent risk factors affecting the association with cognitive frailty in older patients with CKD. A nomogram for assessing cognitive frailty was established and well-calibrated with a C-index of 0.91 (95%CI 0.89–0.94).

Conclusions
The prevalence of cognitive frailty was higher in older patients having CKD. Advanced age, comorbidity, depression, low social support, eGFR and albuminuria were independent risk factors for CKD accompanied with cognitive frailty.