bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protein‐Protein Recognition Involved in the Intermodular Transacylation Reaction in Modular Polyketide Synthase in the Biosynthesis of Vicenistatin
Authors: Chisuga Taichi , Miyanaga Akimasa , Eguchi Tadashi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe ketosynthase (KS) domain is a core domain found in modular polyketide synthases (PKSs). To maintain the polyketide biosynthetic fidelity, the KS domain must only accept an acyl group from the acyl carrier protein (ACP) domain of the immediate upstream module even when they are separated into different polypeptides. Although it was reported that both the docking domain‐based interactions and KS‐ACP compatibility are important for the interpolypeptide transacylation reaction in 6‐deoxyerythronolide B synthase, it is not clear whether these findings are broadly applied to other modular PKSs. Herein, we describe the importance of protein‐protein recognition in the intermodular transacylation between VinP1 module 3 and VinP2 module 4 in vicenistatin biosynthesis. We compared the transacylation activity and crosslinking efficiency of VinP2 KS4 against the cognate VinP1 ACP3 with the noncognate one. As a result, it appeared that VinP2 KS4 distinguishes the cognate ACP3 from other ACPs.
Grain, flour, and batter properties estimating cake baking potential of wheat flour
Authors: Baik Byung‐Kee , Donelson Thomas 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe experimental baking test is lengthy, low in throughput and not appropriate for evaluating the large number of wheat flours for baking cakes. To explore effective and efficient tools for the estimation of wheat grain and flour quality for making cakes, grain, flour, and batter characteristics were analyzed and their relationships with cake quality parameters were determined.FindingsKernel hardness and solvent retention capacities (SRCs) exhibited negative relationships with cake volume. The flow distances and rapid visco analyzer viscosities of flour–water and flour–sucrose batters effectively differentiated wheat flour of varying characteristics, and showed significant relationships with cake volume.ConclusionsSRCs and flour–water and flour–sucrose batter viscosities are associated with cake volume and could effectively estimate flour quality for baking cakes. Low kernel hardness and low solvent absorption/retention of flour are desirable for baking cakes. Flour–water and flour–sucrose batters that are less viscous and more fluid produce cakes with higher volumes.Significance and NoveltyThe identification of grain, flour, and batter characteristics as effective estimates of cake baking quality would greatly benefit breeders in the screening of breeding lines and millers and bakers in the selection of wheat grain flour for baking cakes.
Electrochemically Exfoliated Layered Carbons as Sustainable Anode Materials for Lead Carbon Hybrid Ultracapacitor
Authors: Muduli Sadananda , Pappu Samhita , Bulusu Sarada V. , Rao Tata N. , Martha Surendra K. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLead‐carbon hybrid ultracapacitors (Pb−C HUC) have become apparent as a way out of the sulfation issue of lead‐acid batteries, simultaneously enhancing the system‘s power density and cycle life. In this work, exfoliated graphene oxides (EGO) were synthesized by the electrochemical exfoliation method followed by chemical activation and carbonization at 600 °C (AEGO‐600). The composite electrode delivered 800 F g−1 capacitance at 1 A g−1. The Pb−C HUC fabricated using AEGO‐600 anode and PbO2 cathode can achieve capacitance of 325 F g−1 at 10 A g−1 and retain 71 % capacitance after 15000 charge‐discharge cycles in the voltage range of 2.3–0.8 V. The highly stable capacitance was due to the formation of layered carbons in AEGO‐600 that enhanced the favorable electrolyte ion assessment to maximum active sites. Owing to the facile, cost‐effective synthesis approach and better charge storage behavior, the activated‐exfoliated graphene oxides thus produced could be suitable candidates for future hybrid ultracapacitor systems.
Methyl Viologens of Bis‐(4’‐Pyridylethynyl)Arenes – Structures, Photophysical and Electrochemical Studies, and their Potential Application in Biology
Authors: Kole Goutam Kumar , Košćak Marta , Amar Anissa , Majhen Dragomira , Božinović Ksenija , Brkljaca Zlatko , Ferger Matthias , Michail Evripidis , Lorenzen Sabine , Friedrich Alexandra , Krummenacher Ivo , Moos Michael , Braunschweig Holger , Boucekkine Abdou , Lambert Christoph , Halet Jean‐François , Piantanida Ivo , Müller‐Buschbaum Klaus , Marder Todd B. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA series of bis‐(4’‐pyridylethynyl)arenes (arene=benzene, tetrafluorobenzene, and anthracene) were synthesized and their bis‐N‐methylpyridinium compounds were investigated as a class of π‐extended methyl viologens. Their structures were determined by single crystal X‐ray diffraction, and their photophysical and electrochemical properties (cyclic voltammetry), as well as their interactions with DNA/RNA were investigated. The dications showed bathochromic shifts in emission compared to the neutral compounds. The neutral compounds showed very small Stokes shifts, which are a little larger for the dications. All of the compounds showed very short fluorescence lifetimes (<4 ns). The neutral compound with an anthracene core has a quantum yield of almost unity. With stronger acceptors, the analogous bis‐N‐methylpyridinium compound showed a larger two‐photon absorption cross‐section than its neutral precursor. All of the dicationic compounds interact with DNA/RNA; while the compounds with benzene and tetrafluorobenzene cores bind in the grooves, the one with an anthracene core intercalates as a consequence of its large, condensed aromatic linker moiety, and it aggregates within the polynucleotide when in excess over DNA/RNA. Moreover, all cationic compounds showed highly specific CD spectra upon binding to ds‐DNA/RNA, attributed to the rare case of forcing the planar, achiral molecule into a chiral rotamer, and negligible toxicity toward human cell lines at ≤10 μM concentrations. The anthracene‐analogue exhibited intracellular accumulation within lysosomes, preventing its interaction with cellular DNA/RNA. However, cytotoxicity was evident at 1 μM concentration upon exposure to light, due to singlet oxygen generation within cells. These multi‐faceted features, in combination with its two‐photon absorption properties, suggest it to be a promising lead compound for development of novel light‐activated theranostic agents.
Association between metabolic syndrome and left ventricular geometric change including diastolic dysfunction
Authors: Lee Seung‐Jae , Kim Hyunah , Oh Byeong Kil , Choi Hyo‐In , Sung Ki‐Chul , Kang Jeonggyu , Lee Mi Yeon , Lee Jong‐Young 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe investigated the association between individual components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and left ventricular (LV) geometric changes, including diastolic dysfunction, in a large cohort of healthy individuals.MethodsOverall, 148 461 adults who underwent echocardiography during a health‐screening program were enrolled. Geographic characteristics on echocardiography and several markers of LV relaxation function were identified according to individual MetS components. Univariate linear regression analysis and a multivariate regression model adjusted for factors known to influence LV relaxation function were conducted.ResultsThe prevalence of LV diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) was higher in the MetS group than in the non‐MetS group (0.56% vs. 0.27%, p < .001). In univariate and multivariate analyses, E/A ratio, e′ velocity, and left atrial volume index were significantly associated with each component of MetS and covariates (all p ≤ .001). In the age‐ and sex‐adjusted model, MetS was significantly associated with LVDD (odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 1.350 [1.103, 1.652]). However, subjects with more MetS components did not have a significantly higher risk of LVDD. As the analysis was stratified by sex, the multivariate regression model showed that MetS was significantly associated with LVDD only in men (1.3 [1.00, 1.68]) with higher risk in more MetS component (p for trend < .001). In particular, triglyceride (TG) and waist circumference (WC) among MetS components were significantly associated with LVDD in men.ConclusionsMetS was associated with the risk of LVDD, especially in men, with a dose‐dependent association between an increasing number of components of MetS and LVDD. TG and WC were independent risk factors for LVDD in men.
Nucleation Temperature‐Dependent Synthesis of Polytypic CuInSe2 Nanostructures with Variable Tetrapod‐Like and Core‐Shell Morphologies
Authors: Huang Fei , Ning Jiajia , Tian Jianjun , Rogach Andrey L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDespite the merits of low toxicity and light absorption/emission in the near‐infrared spectral range, synthesis of polytypic CuInSe2 nanocrystals is challenging. Herein, we demonstrate a synthetic approach to produce polytypic CuInSe2 nanocrystals with variable morphologies, such as tetrapods with short or long arms; core/shell nanostructures; and hollow structures formed due to the Kirkendale effect. All polytypic CuInSe2 nanostructures realized in this work consist of a core with a chalcopyrite phase, and arms or shells with a wurtzite phase. With increasing nucleation temperature, the size of the chalcopyrite core gradually increases, while the arms or shells become smaller/thinner, due to the competition between nucleation and growth. This work provides guidance towards the synthesis of polytypic CuInSe2 nanocrystals with tunable size and morphology, and enriches the family of available CuInSe2 nanostructures.
Pneumocephalus as result of nonsurgical peri‐implantitis treatment with an air‐polishing device for submucosal debridement—A case report
Authors: Bruckmann Corinna , Bruckmann Lukas , Gahleitner André , Stavropoulos Andreas , Bertl Kristina 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundA subcutaneous emphysema is an infrequent but potentially life‐threatening complication after dental treatment involving instruments functioning with pressurized air. Emphysemata after the use of high‐speed handpieces and air‐syringes are well documented, however, more recently several reports on emphysemata produced by air‐polishing devices during management of peri‐implant biological complications have appeared. To the best of our knowledge, direct development of pneumocephalus after a dental procedure has never been reported before. Introduction of air likely contaminated with oral bacteria to the intracranial space bares the risk of developing meningitis.Case PresentationThis case report describes the spreading of a subcutaneous emphysema into the intracranial space (i.e., development of a pneumocephalus) after treatment of a peri‐implantitis lesion with an air‐polishing device equipped with the nozzle for submucosal debridement. A subcutaneous emphysema was noticed during the use of an air‐polishing device and the subsequent computed tomography (CT) examination revealed a quite unexpected spreading of the emphysema into the intracranial space. The patient was admitted to the hospital for close surveillance, CT follow‐up, and intravenous antibiotics to prevent the development of meningitis due to the introduction of air—likely contaminated with oral bacteria—into the intracranial space. After 3 days, the patient was discharged in good condition without any further complications.ConclusionIn case of an extensive subcutaneous emphysema as result of a dental procedure, a more extended radiographic examination including the mediastinal and cranial space should be considered, to assess the risk for potentially life‐threatening complications.
The N&P Co‐doped Lotus Root Derived Carbon Materials for Highly Sensitive Electrochemical Analysis of Baicalein and Luteolin
Authors: Lu Youluan , Mu Xinwei , Liu Yaopeng , Gao Yi , Shi Zhen , Zheng Yin , Huang Wensheng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe application of biomass‐based carbon materials in electrochemical sensing was limited due to their few active sites. So N and P double doped biomass pyrolytic carbon materials were designed in this paper. These gained materials were characterized by a series of characterization test techniques, and used as electrode modification to construct electrochemical sensors to detect baicalein (BA) and luteolin (LU). Under the best test condition, the minimum detectability of BA and LU was (7.8±0.25)×10−9 mol/L and (7.6±0.24)×10−9 mol/L (S/N=3), respectively. And the sensor performed well in the Shuanghuanglian oral liquid and the healthy human urine samples.
Listeria monocytogenes in foods—From culture identification to whole‐genome characteristics
Authors: Osek Jacek , Lachtara Beata , Wieczorek Kinga 
Published: May 2022

AbstractListeria monocytogenes is an important foodborne pathogen, which is able to persist in the food production environments. The presence of these bacteria in different niches makes them a potential threat for public health. In the present review, the current information on the classical and alternative methods used for isolation and identification of L. monocytogenes in food have been described. Although these techniques are usually simple, standardized, inexpensive, and are routinely used in many food testing laboratories, several alternative molecular‐based approaches for the bacteria detection in food and food production environments have been developed. They are characterized by the high sample throughput, a short time of analysis, and cost‐effectiveness. However, these methods are important for the routine testing toward the presence and number of L. monocytogenes, but are not suitable for characteristics and typing of the bacterial isolates, which are crucial in the study of listeriosis infections. For these purposes, novel approaches, with a high discriminatory power to genetically distinguish the strains during epidemiological studies, have been developed, e.g., whole‐genome sequence‐based techniques such as NGS which provide an opportunity to perform comparison between strains of the same species. In the present review, we have shown a short description of the principles of microbiological, alternative, and modern methods of detection of L. monocytogenes in foods and characterization of the isolates for epidemiological purposes. According to our knowledge, similar comprehensive papers on such subject have not been recently published, and we hope that the current review may be interesting for research communities.
Measuring biological materials mechanics with atomic force microscopy ‐ Mechanical unfolding of biopolymers
Authors: Gil‐Redondo Juan Carlos , Weber Andreas , Toca‐Herrera José L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBiopolymers, such as polynucleotides, polypeptides and polysaccharides, are macromolecules that direct most of the functions in living beings. Studying the mechanical unfolding of biopolymers provides important information about their molecular elasticity and mechanical stability, as well as their energy landscape, which is especially important in proteins, since their three‐dimensional structure is essential for their correct activity. In this primer, we present how to study the mechanical properties of proteins with atomic force microscopy and how to obtain information about their stability and energetic landscape. In particular, we discuss the preparation of polyprotein constructs suitable for AFM single molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS), describe the parameters used in our force‐extension SMFS experiments and the models and equations employed in the analysis of the data. As a practical example, we show the effect of the temperature on the unfolding force, the distance to the transition state, the unfolding rate at zero force, the height of the transition state barrier, and the spring constant of the protein for a construct containing nine repeats of the I27 domain from the muscle protein titin.Highlights1. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) can be used to study the mechanical unfolding of polymers.2. AFM provides a direct measurement of unfolding (unbinding) forces.3. Force measurements for different rates provide information about the distance to the transition state and the unfolding rate at zero force.
Pulmonary vein isolation alone versus pulmonary vein isolation with additional extensive ablation for paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation
Authors: Junarta Joey , Dikdan Sean J. , Upadhyay Naman , Molin Andrea , Bodempudi Sairamya , Warner Eric , Joffe Daniel , Pang Zachary , Frisch Daniel R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe value of additional ablation beyond pulmonary vein isolation for atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation is unclear, especially for persistent AF. It is uncertain whether substrate modification with additional extensive ablation improves outcomes. We reviewed our experience to determine whether pulmonary vein isolation with additional extensive ablation (PVIEA) improves outcomes compared to pulmonary vein isolation alone (PVIA) for AF ablation.MethodsConsecutive cases of patients with PVIA versus PVIEA were compared between September 9, 2013 and December 12, 2020. Procedural data collected include radiofrequency ablation delivery time (RADT) and arrhythmia inducibility. Clinical data collected include sinus rhythm maintenance post‐procedure.ResultsA total of 235 patients were studied (67 PVIA and 168 PVIEA). RADT was shorter when comparing ablation with PVIA versus PVIEA (32 vs. 40 min; p = .04). More arrhythmias were inducible with PVIEA (p < .01). There was no difference in sinus rhythm maintenance by Kaplan–Meier survival analysis (log‐rank test p = .75), after 3 or 12 months between groups overall, and when stratified by AF type (paroxysmal and persistent), left atrial volume, CHA2DS2‐VASc score, left ventricular ejection fraction, or catheter ablation setting (high‐power short‐duration, standard‐power standard‐duration, temperature‐controlled non‐contact‐force).ConclusionAF ablation with PVIA or PVIEA produces similar sinus rhythm maintenance overall and when stratified by catheter setting and AF type. PVIA reduced procedure times and less arrhythmias were inducible post‐ablation.
Inhibitory effects of chitosan grafted chlorogenic acid on antioxidase activity, and lipid and protein oxidation of sea bass (Lateolabrax japonicus) fillets stored at 4 °C
Authors: Yang Xin , Lan Weiqing , Zhao XinYu , Lang Ai , Xie Jing 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDSea bass (Lateolabrax japonicus), a marine fish, is prone to spoilage due to its high nutritional value. Preservatives are commonly used for storage for the production of fish fillets. In this work, chitosan (CS) was grafted onto chlorogenic acid (CA) to obtain a new preservative, chitosan grafted chlorogenic acid (CS‐g‐CA), which could enhance the biochemical properties of chitosan and obtain better antibacterial and antibacterial properties. This study therefore investigated the inhibitory effects of CS‐g‐CA on antioxidant enzyme activity, and lipid and protein oxidation of sea bass fillets stored at 4 °C.RESULTSCompared with the control group on day 9, the activity of 63% catalase (CAT), 78% superoxide diamidase (SOD), 73% glutathione peroxide enzyme (GSH‐Px) and 60% DPPH scavenging activity was retained by CS‐g‐CA treatment. Changes in thiobarbituric acid (TBA) and conjugated diene (CD) values were delayed by CS‐g‐CA treatment. The use of CS‐g‐CA retards protein oxidation by inhibiting the formation of free amino acid and carbonyl groups, and maintaining a higher sulfhydryl content. Regarding myofibril degradation, CS‐g‐CA could maintain protein secondary structure by increasing the ratio of α‐helices.CONCLUSIONSChitosan‐grafted chlorogenic acid could protect the activity of antioxidant enzymes and inhibit lipid oxidation by slowing down the production of lipid oxidation products. It also delayed protein oxidation by inhibiting oxidation product generation and stabilizing protein structure. It could therefore be used as a promising preservative for seafood. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Comparative Diagnostic Performance of Estimated Fetal Weight and Isolated Abdominal Circumference for the Detection of Fetal Growth Restriction
Authors: Whitham Megan D. , Reynolds David M. , Urban Amanda R. , Ennen Christopher S. , Dudley Donald J. 
Published: May 2022

ObjectivesTo describe the comparative incidence, detection of small‐for‐gestational age (SGA), and composite perinatal morbidity (CPM) associated with diagnostic criteria of fetal growth restriction (FGR) by estimated fetal weight (EFW) <10% with those with isolated abdominal circumference (AC) measurements <10%.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study of 1587 patients receiving prenatal care and delivery at our institution. We included all patients with ultrasounds and delivery outcomes available, and excluded terminations, second trimester losses, and pregnancies without ultrasounds. EFW was calculated from Hadlock and use of the Duryea centiles, and AC from Hadlock's reference curves. We determined SGA at birth and defined CPM as birthweight less than 3% or birthweight less than 10% with neonatal morbidity.ResultsOf 1587 patients, 28 (1.8%) were classified as FGR by EFW <10%. Three of 12 patients with isolated AC <10% developed EFW <10% later in pregnancy (25%). The performance of each diagnostic criteria were comparable for the outcomes of SGA and CPM, with similar sensitivities, but with decreased specificity for SGA outcome, and an increased false positive rate for patients classified as FGR by isolated AC <10, with a tradeoff of decreased false negatives.ConclusionsBroadening the diagnosis of FGR to include patients with isolated AC <10 did not significantly increase the detection of pregnancies at risk for SGA or CPM. Our conclusions may be limited by a lack of statistical power given a low frequency of SGA and CPM.
Genetic variants in DDO and PEX5L in peroxisome‐related pathways predict non‐small cell lung cancer survival
Authors: Chen Allan S. , Liu Hongliang , Wu Yufeng , Luo Sheng , Patz Edward F. , Glass Carolyn , Su Li , Du Mulong , Christiani David C. , Wei Qingyi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPeroxisomes play a role in lipid metabolism and regulation of reactive oxygen species, but its role in development and progression of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is not well understood. Here, we investigated the associations between 9708 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 113 genes in the peroxisome‐related pathways and survival of NSCLC patients from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (PLCO) and the Harvard Lung Cancer Susceptibility (HLCS) study. In 1185 NSCLC patients from the PLCO trial, we found that 213 SNPs were significantly associated with NSCLC overall survival (OS) (p ≤ 0.05, Bayesian false discovery probability [BFDP] ≤ 0.80), of which eight SNPs were validated in the HLCS data set. In a multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model, two independent SNPs (rs9384742 DDO and rs9825224 PEX5L) were significantly associated with NSCLC survival (hazards ratios [HR] of 1.17 with 95% CI [confidence interval] of 1.06−1.28 and 0.86 with 95% CI of 0.77−0.96, respectively). Patients with one or two protective genotypes had a significantly higher OS (HR: 0.787 [95% CI: 0.620−0.998] and 0.691 [95% CI: 0.543−0.879], respectively). Further expression quantitative trait loci analysis using whole blood and lung tissue showed that the minor allele of rs9384742 DDO was significantly associated with decreased messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels and that DDO expression was also decreased in NSCLC tumor tissue. Additionally, high PEX5L expression levels were significantly associated with lower survival of NSCLC. Our data suggest that variants in these peroxisome‐related genes may influence gene regulation and are potential predictors of NSCLC OS, once validated by additional studies.