bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Lifestyles on the Periodontal Health Among 35–44 Years Old Adult Population in Lucknow District
Authors: Verma Ila , Reddy L. Vamsi Krishna , Verma Abhishek , Kashyap Panchali , Sanaullah Md , Adwani Jyoti 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Periodontal disorder continues to be a major issue worldwide. It is closely related to lifestyles and strongly determined by behavioral factors.

Aim:
To assess the different lifestyle factors and overall lifestyle variables affecting the periodontal health among 35–44 years old adult population in Lucknow district.

Objectives:
(1) To determine the influence of various lifestyle factors on adult periodontal health among urban and rural population. (2) To measure the effect on periodontal adult health of the overall lifestyle variables measured by the health practice index (HPI).

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional research w as performed on 400 participants aged 35–44 years, consisting of a standardized questionnaire on HPI, oral health-related behavior, and personal behaviors, as well as sociodemographic variables. Clinical examination for periodontal status was done by recording the loss of attachment (LOA) scores using the community periodontal index (WHO-2013).

Statistical Analysis:
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 21.0 was used for statistical analysis. Statistical analysis was done using the Chi-square test and multivariate regression analysis.

Results:
The variables that showed an independent association with periodontitis were location, smoking, sleeping hours, physical exercise, eating breakfast, nutritional balance, mental stress with LOA of periodontal tissues; the results of multivariate regression analysis are statistically significant (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
This study supports an overall management of chronic periodontitis using different lifestyles. Vital public health action is needed on factors that define unhealthy lifestyle habits across the community, which is achievable through promoting healthy lifestyles through patient engagement in self-care.
Association between Oral Hygiene Status and Dental Caries Among 13–14 Years Old Children of Kamrup District, Assam
Authors: Doley Sulekha , Srivastava Manvi , Gupta Roopali , Piplani Ankita 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Dental caries and periodontal problems are mainly caused due to poor oral hygiene practices.

Aim:
This study aims to determine the relationship between oral hygiene status and dental caries in 13–14 years old school-going children of rural and urban locality in Kamrup Metropolitan District, Assam.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 1501 school children in the age group of 13–14 years were included in the study and dental caries was recorded from decayed missing filled teeth (DMFT) index as described by World Health Organization (1997) and Oral hygiene status was assessed using Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (OHI-S) given by Greene and Vermilion 1964. The unpaired t-test, Chi-square test, and Pearson correlation test were used to assess the relation between oral hygiene status and dental caries among different age groups, and location of the school-going children using SPSS version 21 andP< 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.

Results:
The results showed a significant positive correlation (P < 0.05) between mean OHI-S score and decayed component of DMFT score among rural school children whereas in urban children a significant positive correlation (P < 0.05) was found between mean OHI-S score and mean score of Decayed, Missing and Filled teeth component of DMFT.

Conclusion:
The overall prevalence of dental caries among school children of Kamrup (Metropolitan) District was 33.6%. The present study showed a significant positive correlation of mean OHI-S score with a mean of decayed teeth and DMFT score.
Assessment of Self-Perceived Oral Malodor, Oral Hygiene Practices, and Smoking Habits Among Dental and Engineering Students
Authors: Deokar Rahul Nivrutti , Dodamani Arun Suresh , Vishwakarma K. Prashanth , Hoshing Abhijit Ashok , Jain Vardhaman Mulchand , Mali Gaurao Vasant 
Published: June 2022

Aim and Objectives:
This study aimed to assess the prevalence and knowledge of self-perceived oral malodor, oral hygiene practices, and smoking habits among dental and engineering students of Dhule district.

Materials and Methodology:
A structured self-administered, close-ended questionnaire was prepared and was given to 435 dental and engineering e students. This was to assess the self-reported perception of oral breath, awareness of bad breath, timing of bad breath, treatment received for bad breath, oral hygiene practices, caries and bleeding gums, dryness of the mouth, smoking and tea-drinking habits, and tongue coating. The students who responded to the questionnaire were included in the study. Informed consent was obtained from the subjects willing to participate in the study.

Results:
Toothbrushing was prevalent among 100% of dental students and 87% of engineering students. Self-perception of oral malodor was prevalent among 7% of dental students and 66% of engineering students. Smoking habit was prevalent in 26% of engineering students and 8% of dental students, for which self-treatment was sought for bad breath by 6% of dental students and 8% of engineering students.

Conclusion:
Dental students had increased awareness regarding self-perceived oral malodor, oral hygiene practices, and smoking habits compared to engineering students.
Effectiveness of Smoking Cessation Interventions in Dental Settings
Authors: Piplani Ankita , Manjunath BC , Kumar Adarsh , Srivastava Manvi , Kumar Krishan , Kundu Hansa 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Smoking is associated with increased overall morbidity and mortality. Globally, more than 6 million deaths per year are related to smoking. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of motivational interviewing (MI), MI in combination with bupropion 150 mg (milligrams), and MI in combination with bupropion and nicotine chewing gums (2 mg) (nicotine replacement therapy [NRT]) in smoking cessation.

Materials and Methods:
A double-blind, 6-month, parallel, randomized controlled trial was conducted among healthy smokers who were motivated to quit smoking. Based on the sample size estimation, 132 heavy smokers with moderate-to-high dependence were randomized to one of the three intervention groups: A: MI + Placebo, B: MI + bupropion, and C: MI + NRT + bupropion. Interventions were delivered for 3 months. The main outcome was self-reported continuous abstinence rates at 6 months. The data were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test, Kruskal–Wallis test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and Pearson's Chi-square test withPvalue fixed at 0.05.

Results:
The study participants included predominantly males (98.5%) with a mean age of 35.1 ± 9.32 years. The overall continuous abstinence rate at 6 months was 18.9%. The continuous abstinence rates were 12.2%, 22.2%, and 23.4% in Group A, B, and C, respectively (P = 0.318). There was no significant difference in 7-day point prevalence abstinence from smoking at the end of 3 months in between the three groups (P = 0.06).

Conclusion:
MI plays a significant role in smoking cessation and offers benefits comparable to pharmacotherapies and hence can be used as an integral part of smoking cessation interventions.
Epidemiological Evaluation of Maternal Periodontal Status in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Seropositive Pregnant Women in India
Authors: Kiran Sunkavilli Ravi , Karnam Yudheera , Niharika Bammidi 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in pregnancy was the most common complication in some developing countries. This has major implications for the management of pregnancy and birth. Periodontal disease in HIV-infected pregnant women leads to a hyperinflammatory state which may have an impact on developing fetus.

Aim:
The evaluation of gingival and periodontal health in HIV seropositive pregnant women.

Methods:
A sample of 432 HIV seropositive pregnant women visiting the antiretroviral therapy center from January 2016–December 2016 were included in the present study. Information concerning demographic profile, medical history, and oral health information was recorded in a case sheet pro forma. Several measures of periodontal health such as bleeding on probing, plaque index, pocket depth (PD), and clinical attachment loss were obtained and analyzed by using Chi-square test of independence andPvalue (P < 0.05, statistically significant).

Results:
Three hundred and ninety-six participants (91.6%) had gum bleeding on >1 tooth. In gingivitis, the distributions of mild, moderate, and severe gingivitis were about 64 (14.81%), 192 (44.44%), and 140 (32.41%) participants, respectively. Participants without periodontitis (without a single PD ≥4 mm) were about 202 (46.76%). Two hundred and thirty participants (53.2%) had periodontal pockets (≥4 mm) on ≥1 tooth. In periodontitis, the distributions of mild, moderate, and severe periodontitis were 28.70%, 15.74%, and 8.80%, respectively.

Conclusion:
Ninety-two percent of HIV pregnant women have shown gingival inflammation. Periodontitis was observed in 51% of HIV pregnant women. This observation strengthens the importance of oral health care in HIV-positive pregnant women.
Emergent complexity and political economy of the Houlouf polity in North Central Africa (1900 BCE-1800 CE)
Authors: Holl Augustin F.C. 
Published: June 2022

Long-term socio-cultural change is a non-linear process involving demography, economy, culture, social organizations, symbols and ideas. It is generally marked by succession of social formations with different organizational requirements and “worldviews”. The concept of emergent complexity used in this paper thus refers to the punctuated shift that led to the formation of social ranking and socio-political centralization. Five successive social formations of varying duration have been reconstructed in the ca. 4000 years long development of the Houlouf polity located the Cameroonian portion of the Chadian plain:
1) – small scattered pastoral-nomadic groups;
2) – autonomous mixed-farming communities;
3) – competing and rival peer-polities;
4) – ranked and centralized polity – Chiefdom in local political terms -; and finally,
5) – paramount chiefdom – Sultanate in local political lexicon-.
This paper, anchored on high resolution paleoclimatological data and changes in regional settlement location and distribution, outlines the main steps of that evolutionary process. The dimensions investigated include settlement dynamics, political economy, the production and use of material culture, as well as their connected patterns of exchange from 1900 BCE to 1800 CE. A short review of research on trade in West African archaeology shows that the study of long-distance exchange tends to focus on characterization and provenience analyses of in-coming raw materials and goods. Important as it is such an approach does not provide access to the internal dynamics of the receiving societies. This paper examines the concomitant changes in site-location, flows, distribution, and consumption of long-distance traded items, patterns of craft specialization and production intensification, showing that they were part of interlocked feed-back loops. Evidence of intensification of local production geared to export is systematically documented in their chrono-cultural contexts for the first time. These deviating/amplifying feed-back loops triggered a dynamic that resulted in the emergence of five successive social formations in the Houlouf region ca. 4000 years evolutionary sequence.
Prenatal maternal prevalence and new-born vertical transmission of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
Authors: Nyamngee A. , Onoriasakpobare F.O. , Agbede O.O , Akanbi II A.A , Sulaiman M.K. 
Published: June 2022

Vertical transmission of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection can occur as demonstrated by the established association between a maternal history of genital warts and the development of laryngeal papillomas in children less than 2 years of age. Also there has been reported cases of infants who had genital warts present at the time of delivery. The prevalence and transmission rates of HPV at birth not known.
This study determined the prevalence of HPV DNA in the cord blood of the baby at delivery and the maternal cervical sample, and the concordance between the prevalence in the cord blood and in the cervical sample using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).
Cord blood samples were collected at from 113 participating pregnant women, from whom their cervical swab samples had been taken in antenatal clinic. The specimens were analysed for HPV DNA using the PCR with the consensus primers MY09/MY11.
HPV DNA was detected in 54 cord blood and 11 cervical samples. There were 9 positive concordances for both the cord blood and the cervical sample. The prevalence of HPV DNA in the cord blood was 47.92% and in the maternal cervical sample was 9.7% and the difference was statistically significant. The typing on the positive HPV DNA shows 50.77% positive for HPV 16 and 16.92% positive for HPV 18.
The detection of HPV DNA in the cord blood and the type specific genotypes concordance in the cervical suggests that the mother is the most probable source of HPV positive in the new born. Therefore, this should be a compulsory procedure at the point of delivery for early detection and treatment of HPV infections among the newborn babies.
Rehospitalization rate and predictors of rehospitalization in heart failure patients in North Central Nigeria
Authors: Ogunmodede J.A. , Kolo P.M. , Dele-Ojo B.F. , Yusuf I.A. , Salau I.L. , Katibi I.A. , Omotoso A.B. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite the advancement in its treatment the rate of rehospitalization of patients after treatment for HF is still high around the world. Studies assessing rehospitalization rates of HF patients are few in Nigeria. The objective of the study was to determine the 180-day rehospitalization rate and predictors of rehospitalization in acute HF patients managed in our Centre. The study was a retrospective cohort study of 148 patients with acute HF.
The 180-day rehospitalization rate in our patients was 16.2%. The median time to rehospitalization was 61days. Serum urea (p=0.016), serum creatinine (p=0.033), admission eGFR < 60mls/min/1.73m2 (p=0.007), LVEF (p=0.045) were associated with rehospitalization. eGFR < 60mls/min/1.73m2 was an independent predictor of 180-day rehospitalization OR 5.4, (CI 1.701-7.690), p=0.014 suggesting 5 times greater likelihood of rehospitalization than patients with higher eGFR. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve for 180-day rehospitalization was plotted.
In conclusion, the 180-day rehospitalization rate among our patients varies from other reported rates in our environment. Acute HF patients with renal dysfunction have a high likelihood of medium term rehospitalization and hence constitute an at-risk group for targeted intervention during admission.
Recommender system taking into account the availability forecast of product categories
Authors: NZEKON NZEKO’O Armel Jacques , Adamou Hamza , Tchuente Maurice 
Published: June 2022

Recommending suitable products to users is crucial in e-commerce and streaming platforms. In some situations, a customer has a preference for a product based on the product features and the current temporal context. It is therefore wise to take these aspects into account in order to improve the quality of the recommendations. In this paper, we propose recommender systems based on the availability prediction of product categories according to the temporal context. Indeed, the classification of the Top-N recommendations proposed by the initial recommender system is updated in such a way as to favor products with categories predicted available. Furthermore, we propose an algorithm for the choice of the appropriate temporal context to consider for the availability prediction of categories. Experiments are carried out on four datasets and comparisons are made on the results of three basic recommender systems with and without integration of availability forecasts, according to the Hit-ratio, MAP and F1-score evaluation metrics. We note that in 75% of cases, to have the best performance, it is necessary to integrate the availabilities prediction of the categories. This gain can even go to more than 12% regardless of the dataset. All this confirms the relevance of our contribution.
Recommander des articles appropriés aux utilisateurs est crucial dans les plateformes de commerce électronique et de streaming. Dans certaines situations, un client a une préférence pour un produit en fonction des caractéristiques du produit et du contexte temporel courant. Il est donc judicieux de prendre en compte ces aspects afin d'améliorer la qualité des recommandations. Dans cet article, nous proposons des systèmes de recommandation basés sur la prédiction de disponibilité des catégories des produits en fonction du contexte temporel. En effet, le classement des recommandations Top-N proposées par le système de recommandation initial est mis à jour de manière à favoriser les produits aux catégories prédites disponibles. Par ailleurs, nous proposons un algorithme pour le choix du contexte temporel adéquat à la considération de la prédiction de disponibilité des catégories. Des expérimentations sont menées sur quatre jeux de données et des comparaisons sont effectuées sur les résultats de trois systèmes de recommandation de base avec et sans intégration des prédictions de disponibilité, suivant les métriques d'évaluation Hit-ratio, MAP et F1-score. On constate que dans 75% des cas, pour avoir la meilleure performance, il est nécessaire d'intégrer les prédictions de disponibilité des catégories. Ce gain peut même aller à plus de 12% quel que soit le jeu de données. Tout ceci confirme la pertinence de notre contribution.
IMPACTS OF QUANTITATIVE MONETARY POLICY TOOLS ON DEPOSIT PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS, A CASE OF CRDB Plc, TANZANIA
Authors: Chusi Tafuteni , Budili Joseph , Mayaya Hozen 
Published: June 2022

Purpose: Monetary policy is a measure designed by the central banks to regulate the quality of money in circulation. This study investigates the impacts of quantitative tools of monetary policy instruments on the performance of deposit of commercial banks, a case of CRDB bank. Specifically, the study establishes the significant effect of Cash reserve ratio, liquidity ratio and bank discount rate on the deposit performance of the bank.
Methodology: To address these objectives, research questions, stated hypothesis and relevant data mainly from secondary sources were included. The secondary data included; monetary policy statement, textbooks on related materials, books, policies, research, official reports, and CRDB annual reports in order to have knowledge of Monetary Policy on the deposit performance in CRDB Bank. The Ordinary Least Square (OLS) methodology was used to analyze the relationship among the variables. Data were presented in tables, based on models specified; the hypotheses were tested using regression analysis by employing STATA.
Findings: The findings revealed that cash reserve ratio and bank discount rate have significant effect on the performance of bank deposit. However, the study found that liquidity ratio has no significant contribution to the performance of the bank deposit. The study concluded that various monetary policies managed through those variables have probably been adequately applied to help suitable performance of Bank.
Recommendations: The study recommends that central bank should make monetary policies the preferred efficient provider of favorable environment in terms of the implementation of the appropriate monetary policy in order to attract both domestic and foreign direct investment which will create jobs. In addition, bank of Tanzania should introduce more monetary instruments that are flexible enough to meet the ever-growing financial sector in a view to lessen their financial burden and enable investment. The study further recommends that commercial banks should focus on monetary policy changes to the extent of complying with the Central Bank guidelines and adjusting their variables accordingly. This is a matter of management efficiency.
Ansiedad de niños y padres durante la anestesia dental: Informe de 10 casos clínicos
Authors: Cassiano Evelin , Imparato José Carlos , Rezende Karla Mayra 
Published: June 2022

El miedo y la ansiedad son emociones casi siempre presentes s en las visitas al dentista , especialmente en el momento de la anestesia. El objetivo de este estudio fue a evaluar el grado de ansiedad d el niño 's y sus padres durante la anestesia dental . Se seleccionaron 10 niños, con edades comprendidas entre los 3 y los 7 años. y que debían someterse a anestesia local para realizar un procedimiento dental. Como criterio de inclusión, todos los niños nunca habían sido sometidos a anestesia y era necesario que la aplicación de la anestesia fuera en la misma región para todos los niños. Para complementar el estudio, y verificar la influencia de los padres, se aplicó un cuestionario para comprender mejor la experiencia dental que ya habían tenido los padres y así tratar de asociarla con el comportamiento de sus hijos . Durante la anestesia, los padres también fueron monitoreados con el uso de pulso digital de oximetría . Concluimos Los responsables tienen una gran influencia en las reacciones de los niños durante el cuidado dental, afectando así directamente el tratamiento del niño .
IPM & Hazard Tree Liability
Authors: Dennis H. , Ryan P. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractArborists engaged in Integrated Pest Management programming of property must include hazard tree detection in their strategy. A failure to identify tree hazards during survey or monitoring practices may lead to personal injury or damage to property. This could be ruled by the courts to be a breach of responsibility on the part of the inspecting arborist. While we cannot prevent all accidents, many can be avoided if we look for tree hazards during IPM visits.