bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Problematic Internet Use, health behaviors, depression and eating disorders: a cross-sectional study among Polish medical school students
Authors: Kożybska Marta , Kurpisz Jacek , Radlińska Iwona , Skwirczyńska Edyta , Serwin Natalia , Zabielska Paulina , Kotwas Artur , Karakiewicz Beata , Lebiecka Zofia , Samochowiec Jerzy , Flaga-Gieruszyńska Kinga 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Problematic Internet Use is defined as a use of the Internet which leads to various difficulties. The aim of this study was to check whether Problematic Internet Use is associated with health risks, such as: anti-health behaviors, depressive symptoms, abnormal body weight or eating disorders.

Methods
This cross-sectional study included 540 medical school students of Polish descent (83.5% females; 16.5% males), whose mean age was 22.49 years (SD = 5.20). The participants were asked to complete a questionnaire set, including the Problematic Internet Use Test, Juczyński’s Health-Related Behavior Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Eating Attitudes Test and a self-designed demographic survey.

Results
Increased Problematic Internet Use scores were observed in male, full-time students, persons who use the Internet on the computer (compared to those who mostly use it on the phone), and those who go online mainly for entertainment purposes (compared to those who indicated another main purpose of using the Internet). 47.6% of the sample reported poor health behaviors, while 27.1% met the criteria of a depressive episode and 6.9% of an eating disorder. High risk of Problematic Internet Use was observed in 2.8% of the sample, particularly those who reported having more free time during the day, engaged in fewer health protective behaviors, manifested more severe depressive symptoms and scored higher on the Eating Attitudes Test.

Conclusion
Such results indicate that students with Problematic Internet Use lead an unhealthy lifestyle and more often show symptoms of depression and eating disorders than students without Problematic Internet Use.
Relationship between time of emergency department admission and adherence to the Surviving Sepsis Campaign bundle in patients with septic shock
Authors: You Je Sung , Park Yoo Seok , Chung Sung Phil , Lee Hye Sun , Jeon Soyoung , Kim Won Young , Shin Tae Gun , Jo You Hwan , Kang Gu Hyun , Choi Sung Hyuk , Suh Gil Joon , Ko Byuk Sung , Han Kap Su , Shin Jong Hwan , Kong Taeyoung ,   Korean Shock Society (KoSS) Investigators, Kim Won Young , Ryoo Seung Mok , Shin Tae Gun , Hwang Sung Yeon , Jo You Hwan , Chung Sung Phil , Hwang Yoon Jung , Beom Jin Ho , Park Yoo Seok , Kang Gu Hyun , Choi Sung-Hyuk , Yoon Young-Hoon , Suh Gil Joon , Lim Tae Ho , Ko Byuk Sung , Han Kap Su , Shin Jong Hwan , Lee Hui Jai , You Kyoung Min 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Nighttime hospital admission is often associated with increased mortality risk in various diseases. This study investigated compliance rates with the Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC) 3-h bundle for daytime and nighttime emergency department (ED) admissions and the clinical impact of compliance on mortality in patients with septic shock.

Methods
We conducted an observational study using data from a prospective, multicenter registry for septic shock provided by the Korean Shock Society from 11 institutions from November 2015 to December 2017. The outcome was the compliance rate with the SSC 3-h bundle according to the time of arrival in the ED.

Results
A total of 2049 patients were enrolled. Compared with daytime admission, nighttime admission was associated with higher compliance with the administration of antibiotics within 3 h (adjusted odds ratio (adjOR), 1.326; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.088–1.617, p = 0.005) and with the complete SSC bundle (adjOR, 1.368; 95% CI, 1.115–1.678; p = 0.003), likely to result from the increased volume of all patients and sepsis patients admitted during daytime hours. The hazard ratios of the completion of SSC bundle for 28-day mortality and in-hospital mortality were 0.750 (95% CI 0.590–0.952, p = 0.018) and 0.714 (95% CI 0.564–0.904, p = 0.005), respectively.

Conclusion
Septic shock patients admitted to the ED during the daytime exhibited lower sepsis bundle compliance than those admitted at night. Both the higher number of admitted patients and the higher patients to medical staff ratio during daytime may be factors that are responsible for lowering the compliance.
Infectious sacroiliitis due to group A streptococcus infection during pregnancy: a case report
Authors: Nagashima Mikako , Watanabe Norikazu , Okui Yosuke , Fukase Mika , Takahashi Kanako , Ohta Tsuyoshi , Tsutsumi Seiji , Takakubo Yuya , Takagi Michiaki , Nagase Satoru 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Group A streptococcus infection during pregnancy can be concerning. It may cause toxic shock syndrome, which can be fatal. Here, we report a rare case of a pregnant woman who developed infectious sacroiliitis due to group A streptococcus infection. To the best of our knowledge, this case is the first of its kind to be reported.

Case presentation
A 32-year-old multiparous Japanese woman presented with fever and right buttock pain at 28 weeks of gestation. Based on our clinical findings and investigations, she was diagnosed with group A streptococcus bacteremia and infectious sacroiliitis caused by group A streptococcus. A cardiotocography performed to assess the fetal status showed fetal tachycardia. To prevent the patient from progressing to toxic shock syndrome caused by group A streptococcus, we performed an emergency cesarean section. The patient and her infant had a good course after the cesarean section.

Conclusion
A pregnant woman diagnosed with group A streptococcus infection needs to be monitored closely because a timely decision to deliver the fetus before rapid deterioration to toxic shock syndrome is crucial.
Application of stem cells in the repair of intervertebral disc degeneration
Authors: Zhang Wentao , Sun Tianze , Li Ying , Yang Ming , Zhao Yantao , Liu Jing , Li Zhonghai 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a common disease that increases with age, and its occurrence is stressful both psychologically and financially. Stem cell therapy for IDD is emerging. For this therapy, stem cells from different sources have been proven in vitro, in vivo, and in clinical trials to relieve pain and symptoms, reverse the degeneration cascade, delay the aging process, maintain the spine shape, and retain mechanical function. However, further research is needed to explain how stem cells play these roles and what effects they produce in IDD treatment. This review aims to summarize and objectively analyse the current evidence on stem cell therapy for IDD.
Incidence, demographic, biochemical, and clinicopathological profile of primary IgAN in a tertiary care center from Northern India
Authors: Bhat Mohammad Ashraf , Sofi Imran Sultan , Sheikh Rayees Yousuf , Wani Imtiyaz 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrimary IgA nephropathy (IgAN) has variable distribution and clinicopathological spectrum throughout the world. We report the incidence, demographic, and clinicopathological profile of primary IgAN from a tertiary care center in Northern India.MethodsThis is a single-center, prospective, observational study conducted at Sheri- Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, J&K, India, from January 2015 to December 2018. The study was approved by the hospital ethical committee.ResultsA total of 106 patients were included in this study, accounting for 19% (106/558) of all native kidney biopsies done during the period from January 2015 till December 2018. Males and females accounted for 60.4% (64/106) and 39.6% (42/106), respectively, with a ratio of 1.5:1. The mean age was 31.37±11.60 years. Edema and hypertension were the most common presenting symptoms and signs, seen in 69 (65.1%) and 72 (67.9%) patients, respectively. The baseline 24-h urine protein excretion was 2.32 ±1.34 g, Nephrotic range proteinuria (≥3.5g/day) was seen in 23/106 (21.7%). Average serum creatinine was 1.6±0.80 mg/dl and estimated glomerular filtration rate using CKD-EPI was <60 ml/min/1.73 m2in 48.1% of patients (51/106). In patients with < 1 g proteinuria, 36.8% had E1, 78.9% had S1, 36.8% had T1, and 42.1% had T2 lesions.ConclusionsIgAN is common in North India and has a more severe histopathological presentation, characterized by extensive sclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Renal dysfunction and nephrotic range proteinuria are common. Hypertension, low eGFR, and proteinuria correlate with the presence of segmental scarring, endocapillary hypercellularity, and IFTA. Screening of asymptomatic individuals might help in early diagnosis and long-term preservation of renal function.
Impaired long-term outcomes of patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder after coronary artery bypass surgery: nationwide case–control study
Authors: Kallio Mika , Korkeila Jyrki , Malmberg Markus , Gunn Jarmo , Rautava Päivi , Korhonen Päivi , Kytö Ville 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundPatients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder have increased risk of coronary artery disease.AimsTo investigate long-term outcomes of patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder and coronary artery disease after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG).MethodData from patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder (n = 126) were retrospectively compared with propensity-matched (1:20) control patients without schizophrenia spectrum disorder (n = 2520) in a multicentre study in Finland. All patients were treated with CABG. The median follow-up was 7.1 years. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality.ResultsPatients with diagnosed schizophrenia spectrum disorder had an elevated risk of 10-year mortality after CABG, compared with control patients (42.7 v. 30.3%; hazard ratio 1.56; 95% CI 1.13–2.17; P = 0.008). Schizophrenia spectrum diagnosis was associated with a higher risk of major adverse cardiovascular events during follow-up (49.9 v. 32.6%, subdistribution hazard ratio 1.59; 95% CI 1.18–2.15; P = 0.003). Myocardial infarction (subdistribution hazard ratio 1.86; P = 0.003) and cardiovascular mortality (subdistribution hazard ratio 1.65; P = 0.017) were more frequent in patients with versus those without schizophrenia spectrum disorder, but there was no difference for stroke. Psychiatric ward admission, antipsychotic medication, antidepressant use and benzodiazepine use before CABG were not associated with outcome differences. After CABG, patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder received statin therapy less often and had lower doses; the use of other cardiovascular medications was similar between schizophrenia spectrum and control groups.ConclusionsPatients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder have higher long-term risks of death and major adverse cardiovascular events after CABG. The results underline the vulnerability of these patients and highlight the importance of intensive secondary prevention and risk factor optimisation.
Anxiety and depression among children and young people involved in family justice court proceedings: longitudinal national data linkage study
Authors: Griffiths Lucy Jane , Mcgregor Joanna , Pouliou Theodora , Johnson Rhodri D. , Broadhurst Karen , Cusworth Linda , North Laura , Ford David V. , John Ann 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundLittle is known about mental health problems of children and young people (CYP) involved with public and private law family court proceedings, and how these CYP fare compared to those not involved in these significant disruptions to family life.AimsThis study examined records of depression/anxiety in CYP involved in public and private law proceedings using linked population-level data across Wales.MethodRetrospective e-cohort study. We calculated the incidence of primary-care-recorded depression/anxiety among CYP involved in these proceedings and in a comparison group, using Poisson regression. Depression/anxiety outcomes following proceedings were evaluated using pairwise Cox regression, with age- and gender-matched controls of CYP who had no involvement with the courts.ResultsCYP in the public group had twice the risk of depression (adjusted incidence rate ratio aIRR = 2.2; 95% CI 1.9–2.6) and 20% higher risk of anxiety (aIRR = 1.2; 95% CI 1.0–1.5) relative to the comparison group. The private group had 60% higher risk of depression (aIRR = 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.7) and 30% higher risk of anxiety (aIRR = 1.3; 95% CI 1.2–1.4). Following private law proceedings, CYP were more likely to have depression (hazard ratio HR = 1.9; 95% CI 1.7–2.1), and anxiety (HR = 1.4; 95% CI 1.2–1.6) than the control group. Following public proceedings, CYP were more likely to have depression (HR = 2.1; 95% CI 1.7–2.5). Incidence of anxiety or depression following court proceedings was around 4%.ConclusionsFindings highlight the vulnerability of CYP involved in family court proceedings and increased risk of depression and anxiety. Schools, health professionals, social and family support workers have a role to play in identifying needs and ensuring CYP receive appropriate support before, during and after proceedings.
Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring in Children and Adults Prenatally Exposed to Dexamethasone Treatment
Authors: Karlsson Leif , Wallensteen Lena , Nordenström Anna , Krmar Rafael T , Lajic Svetlana 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Context
The clinical use of dexamethasone (DEX) prenatally to reduce virilization of external genitalia in female fetuses with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is efficient but still controversial. It remains challenging to prevent the excessive exposure of DEX in unborn healthy babies during the first trimester of pregnancy.

Objective
Since endogenous glucocorticoids contribute to the maintenance of blood pressure (BP) and since events during fetal life may program the fetus and affect future metabolic health, the aim of this study was to analyze ambulatory BP measurements in CAH-unaffected children and adults that were prenatally exposed to DEX treatment.

Methods
Ambulatory BP measurements were analyzed in 33 (16 female) DEX-treated participants aged 5.1 to 26.3 years (19 participants aged ≤ 18 years) and in 54 (28 female) age- and sex-matched apparently healthy controls aged 5.5 to 25.3 years (27 participants aged ≤ 18 years) with ambulatory normotension.

Results
Participants’ age, height, weight, and body mass index were similar between the DEX-treated group and the control group. Heart rate, 24-hour BP, pulse pressure, and nighttime dipping did not statistically significantly differ between DEX-treated participants and controls.

Conclusion
Our study suggests that prenatal DEX treatment in CAH-unaffected children and adults does not appear to adversely affect ambulatory BP later in life. Our observations need to be confirmed in larger studies.
5-Aminolevulinic Acid-Guided Resection in Grade III Tumors—A Comparative Cohort Study
Authors: Baig Mirza Asfand , Lavrador Jose Pedro , Christodoulides Ioannis , Boardman Timothy Martyn , Vastani Amisha , Al Banna Qusai , Ahmed Razna , Norman Irena C. F. , Murphy Christopher , Devi Sharmila , Giamouriadis Anastasios , Vergani Francesco , Gullan Richard , Bhangoo Ranjeev , Ashkan Keyoumars 
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND:The benefits of using 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) in resection of grade IV tumors have been extensively researched. However, few studies have investigated the use of 5-ALA in grade III gliomas.OBJECTIVE:To discover whether 5-ALA provides significant benefit in assisting resection of grade III gliomas.METHODS:A single-center, retrospective cohort study between January 2013 and January 2019 of adult patients with grade III gliomas. Patients were separated into a 5-ALA–guided surgery group (5-ALA-GS) and non–5-ALA-guided surgery group (non–5-ALA-GS). Primary outcome was overall survival (OS); secondary outcomes were both postoperative and 6-month performance status (PS6m), and extent of resection (EoR).RESULTS:Sixty-nine patients with grade III gliomas were included (39 and 30 patients in the 5-ALA-GS group and non–5-ALA-GS group, respectively). There was no significant difference in tumor characteristics between the groups. No significant difference was observed in OS (P= .072) and EoR (P= .609) between both the groups. In a subgroup of the 5-ALA-GS where gross total resection (GTR) was achieved, there was a better OS (P= .043). Significantly worse outcomes were seen postoperatively (P= .044) and at PS6m (P= .041) in the 5-ALA-GS group, mainly because of the poorer outcome in the subtotal resection subgroup.CONCLUSION:Despite the benefits of 5-ALA in grade IV glioma surgery, these benefits are limited to a smaller group of patients with grade III tumors where there is sufficient fluorescence to allow GTR. In this cohort of patients, 5-ALA use may result in worse neurological outcomes particularly when GTR is not feasible and therefore caution is warranted.
Proprietary Costs and Corporate Lobbying Against Changes in Mandatory Disclosure
Authors: Zhou Ying 
Published: February 2022

The mandated increase in segment disaggregation under SFAS 131 could have harmed shareholders by revealing proprietary information or benefited them by reducing agency problems. Using a sample of firms that lobbied against SFAS 131 on the grounds of competitive harm, I examine whether concerns about proprietary costs, a much-cited reason for nondisclosure, motivate firms to lobby against reporting mandates to protect firms’ competitive position or are used as an excuse to disguise managers’ self-interest. Consistent with the proprietary cost hypothesis, I find that these lobbying firms experienced a decrease in operating performance upon adoption of SFAS 131. I find similar results for nonlobbying firms whose industry associations voiced concern of competitive harm, suggesting that associations are motivated by member concerns to lobby in accounting standard setting. The effect is more pronounced for firms that were forced to increase the number of reportable segments to a greater extent. Moreover, the reduced operating performance arises from lower sales growth and smaller profit margins. These findings shed light on lobbying motives and suggest that concerns about the competitive harm of reporting mandates were warranted. This paper was accepted by Suraj Srinivasan, accounting. Funding: Financial support from University of Connecticut and University of Florida is highly appreciated. Supplemental Material: Data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2021.4290 .
Prevalence of intestinal protozoan parasites among school children in africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hajissa Khalid , Islam Md Asiful , Sanyang Abdoulie M. , Mohamed Zeehaida 
Published: February 2022

Introduction
Parasitic infections, especially intestinal protozoan parasites (IPPs) remain a significant public health issue in Africa, where many conditions favour the transmission and children are the primary victims. This systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out with the objective of assessing the prevalence of IPPs among school children in Africa.

Methods
Relevant studies published between January 2000 and December 2020 were identified by systematic online search on PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus databases without language restriction. Pooled prevalence was estimated using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity of studies were assessed using Cochrane Q test and I2 test, while publication bias was evaluated using Egger’s test.

Results
Of the 1,645 articles identified through our searches, 46 cross-sectional studies matched our inclusion criteria, reported data from 29,968 school children of Africa. The pooled prevalence of intestinal protozoan parasites amongst African school children was 25.8% (95% CI: 21.2%-30.3%) with E. histolytica/ dispar (13.3%; 95% CI: 10.9%-15.9%) and Giardia spp. (12%; 95% CI: 9.8%-14.3%) were the most predominant pathogenic parasites amongst the study participants. While E. coli was the most common non-pathogenic protozoa (17.1%; 95% CI: 10.9%-23.2%).

Conclusions
This study revealed a relatively high prevalence of IPPs in school children, especially in northern and western Africa. Thus, poverty reduction, improvement of sanitation and hygiene and attention to preventive control measures will be the key to reducing protozoan parasite transmission.
Cost-utility analysis of community occupational therapy in dementia (COTiD-UK) versus usual care: Results from VALID, a multi-site randomised controlled trial in the UK
Authors: Pizzo Elena , Wenborn Jennifer , Burgess Jane , Mundy Jacqueline , Orrell Martin , King Michael , Omar Rumana , Morris Stephen 
Published: February 2022

Background
A community-based occupational therapy intervention for people with mild to moderate dementia and their family carers: the Community Occupational Therapy in Dementia–UK version (COTiD-UK); and Treatment as usual (TAU) were randomly assigned to 468 pairs (each comprising a person with dementia and a family carer) in the Valuing Active Life in Dementia (VALID) randomised controlled trial (RCT).

Objectives
To compare the cost-utility of the COTiD-UK intervention compared to TAU, using data from the VALID RCT.

Methods
We performed a cost-utility analysis estimating mean costs and quality adjusted life years (QALYs) per person with dementia and carer for both treatments over a 26 weeks’ time horizon based on resource use data and utility values collected in the trial.

Results
Taking the National Health Service and Personal Social Services perspective, including costs and benefits to the person with dementia only, measuring Health Related Quality of Life based on Dementia Quality of Life scale (DEMQOL), accounting for missing data and adjusting for baseline values, there was a significant difference in costs between COTiD-UK and TAU (mean incremental cost for COTiD-UK £784 (95% CI £233 to £1334)), but no significant difference in outcomes (mean QALYs gained 0.00664 (95% CI -0.00404, 0.01732)). The Incremental Net Monetary Benefit (INMB) for COTiD-UK versus TAU was negative at a maximum willingness to pay for a QALY of £20000 (mean -£651, 95% CI -£878 to -£424) or £30000 (mean -£585, 95% CI -£824 to -£345). Extensive sensitivity analyses confirmed the results.

Conclusions
This community-based occupational therapy intervention has a very low probability of being cost-effective.