bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural investigations, band gap narrowing and magnetic characteristics of multiferroic [Pb(Fe0.5Nb0.5)O3]0.4 - [(Ca0.2Sr0.8)TiO3]0.6
Authors: PADHEE RAJIB , Pati Dinesh Kumar , Bhattacharjee S. , Mahapatra Mitrabinda , Parida Bichitra Nanda , Das Piyush Ranjan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We report a detailed and systematic investigation of the multifunctional properties of calcium strontium titanate [(Ca0.2Sr0.8)TiO3] substituted lead iron niobate [Pb(Fe0.5Nb0.5)O3] ceramic oxide manufactured by the effective high temperature solid state reaction method. Rietveld studies reveal the single phase formation of compound with a pseudocubic structure. The Williamson-Hall (W-H) analysis predicts the presence of tensile strain. Different molecular vibrations were detected using the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. The local structures and optical modes were analyzed using Raman spectroscopy technique. The microstructural analysis had been done by field emission gun scanning electron microscope (FESEM). Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis was performed to check the purity. The detailed chemical structure and oxidation states were analyzed by incorporating the efficient X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) technique. In addition to the valence identifications, the presence of oxygen vacancies was evident from the XPS analysis. The optical band gap and Urbach energy were analyzed by UV-Visible spectroscopy analysis. Effect of structural distortions, oxygen vacancies and electro-negativity on band gap were discussed. The photocatalytic response was studied by using Mulliken’s model. The electrical properties were analyzed in the frameworks of dielectric constant, tan δ, complex impedance spectroscopy and conductivity studies. The Jonscher’s law analysis revealed the presence of correlated barrier hopping (CBH) conduction mechanism. The binding energy (Wm), minimum hopping length (Rmin) and density of states near Fermi level (N(EF)) were analyzed. The ferroelectricity was studied by room temperature P-E loop. The magnetic study was performed by means of the room temperature M-H loop. The detailed magnetic structure of Fe nuclei was analyzed by incorporating the room temperature 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy.
Inoculation effect of Pseudomonas sp. TF716 on N 2 O emissions during rhizoremediation of diesel-contaminated soil
Authors: Kim Ji-Yoon , Cho Kyung-Suk S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The demand for rhizoremediation technology that can minimize greenhouse gas emissions while effectively removing pollutants in order to mitigate climate change has increased. The inoculation effect of N2O-reducing Pseudomonas sp. TF716 on N2O emissions and on remediation performance during the rhizoremediation of diesel-contaminated soil planted with tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) or maize (Zea mays) was investigated. Pseudomonas sp. TF716 was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of tall fescue. The maximum N2O reduction rate of TF716 was 18.9 mmol N2O·g dry cells− 1·h− 1, which is superior to the rates for previously reported Pseudomonas spp. When Pseudomonas sp. TF716 was added to diesel-contaminated soil planted with tall fescue, the soil N2O-reduction potential was 2.88 times higher than that of soil with no inoculation during the initial period (0 − 19 d), and 1.08 − 1.13 times higher thereafter. However, there was no enhancement in the N2O-reduction potential for the soil planted with maize following inoculation with strain TF716. In addition, TF716 inoculation did not significantly affect diesel degradation during rhizoremediation, suggesting that the activity of those microorganisms involved in diesel degradation was unaffected by TF716 treatment. Analysis of the dynamics of the bacterial genera associated with N2O reduction showed that Pseudomonas had the highest relative abundance during the rhizoremediation of diesel-contaminated soil planted with tall fescue and treated with strain TF716. Overall, these results suggest that N2O emissions during the rhizoremediation of diesel-contaminated soil using tall fescue can be reduced with the addition of Pseudomonas sp. TF716.
Litter Removal Increases Plant Carbon Inputs to Soil in Pinus Massoniana Plantation
Authors: Zhang Chengfu , Cai Yinmei , Zhang Tao , He Tengbing , Li Jie , Li Xinying , Zhao Qingxia 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Aims Plants are the main source of soil organic carbon (C) in forest ecosystems; they input photosynthetically assimilated C into the soil through litter, root litter, and root exudates. Variations in plant net primary production caused by global environmental changes are likely to drive shifts in leaf litterfall inputs to soils. However, the effects of these changes on plant aboveground and underground C input remain largely unknown. Methods We conducted a two-year litter manipulation (litter removal, addition, and control) experiment in a Pinus massoniana plantation and studied its impacts on plant C input via litter, fine root, and root exudates. Results The results showed that litter removal significantly increased litterfall in summer and autumn and reduced root C exudation rates in spring, but had no influence on the C input of fine root. Whereas litter addition did not significantly affect the C input of litter, fine root, or root exudates. The annual C input of litter, fine root, and root exudates in control plots were 348.28 g C m-2,42.39 g C m-2, and 17.44 g C m-2, accounting for 85.34%, 10.39%, and 4.27% of the total C input, respectively. Litter removal increased plant annual total C input by 24.55% owing to reducing root exudate C input by 30.50% and increasing litter C input by 31.12%. Conclusions Increasing the aboveground C input and decreasing underground C input under litter removal is a strategy to maximize forest growth in short term. The increased plant C input under litter removal mitigated the influences of litter alteration caused by global change. This was of great significance for understanding plant growth strategy and forecasting plant growth dynamic under global change.
Prediction of Adult Post-hemorrhagic Hydrocephalus: A Risk Score Based on Clinical Data
Authors: Wang Zhiwen , Xi Bin , Yu Bingxiao , Zhou Junhui , Wang Min , Wang Changfeng , Liu Ruen 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH) is a common complication of cerebral, ventricular, and subarachnoid hemorrhage, and craniocerebral injury. There is lacking research on risk factors and prediction models associated with PHH. This present study aimed to analyze the risk factors of PHH and establish a risk-scoring system through a large-scale study. Methods: A retrospective study of 382 patients with intracranial hemorrhage assessed age, history and diagnosis, Glasgow coma score (GCS), and fever duration. After univariate and logistic regression analysis, risk scoring system was established according to independent risk factors. Area under curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the scoring system and validate the accuracy of the dataResults: Of the 382 patients, 133 (34.8%) had PHH, 43 (11.3%) received surgical treatment. We determined the age, GCS, days (total fever time when body temperature ≥ 38.5◦C), and cerebrospinal fluid total protein (CSF-TP) x time (from the onset of the disease to the obtainment of CSF-TP after lumbar puncture) as the important risk factors for PHH. Factor classification showed that age > 60 years old [odds ratio (OR): 0.347, II = 5 points], GCS < 5 (OR: 0.09, IV = 10 points), GCS 6-8 (OR = 0.232, III = 6 points), fever days > 9 (OR: 0.202, III = 7 points), fever days 5-9 (OR: 0.341, II = 5 points), CSF-TP x time > 14,4000 group (OR: 0.267, IV = 6 points), and CSF-TP x time 9,601-14,400 group (OR: 0.502, III = 3 points) were independent risk factors. The result of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) prediction showed that AUC = 0.790 (0.744-0.836). Low-risk (IV-VII), moderate (VIII-X), and high-risk group (XI-XIII) incidence of PHH, respectively: 11.76%, 50.55%, and 70.00% (p < 0.001). The coincidence rates in the validation cohort were 26.00%, 74.07%, and 100.0% (p < 0.001), respectively. AUC value was 0.860 (0.780 - 0.941).Conclusion: The predictive model was conducive in determining the occurrence of PHH and facilitating early intervention.
The Association Of Blood Urea Nitrogen To Creatinine Ratio And The Prognosis Of Critically Ill Patients With Cerebral Infarction: A Cohort Study
Authors: Chen Ting , Li Ai-Ping , Gong Qi , Zhou Lin , Zhao Yi-Xuan , Zhou Zhi-Wen , Zhou Wen-Sheng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the association between blood urea nitrogen (BUN) to creatinine (Cr) (BUN/Cr) ratio with the in-hospital mortality of critically ill patients with cerebral infarction in intensive care unit (ICU).Methods: In this cohort study, the data of 3059 participants with cerebral infarction were collected from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-III and the MIMIC-IV database. After propensity score matching (PSM) on age and gender, 2085 people were involved in and divided into the alive group (n=1390) and the dead group (n=695). All subjects in the ICU were followed up until death or discharge. Multivariate logistic analyses were applied for identifying the confounders and the association between BUN/Cr and mortality of cerebral infraction.Results: The median follow-up time was 10.5 days. Among 2778 participants, 695 were dead at the end of follow-up. Univariate analysis revealed that BUN/Cr [risk ratio (RR)=1.01, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01-1.02] might be associated with the in-hospital mortality of cerebral infraction patients. After adjusting respiratory failure, malignant cancer, anticoagulation, liver disease, white blood cell (WBC), red cell distribution width (RDW) percent, glucose, bicarbonate and temperature, BUN/Cr was associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality of cerebral infraction patients (RR=1.01, 95%CI: 1.01-1.02).Conclusion: This study evaluated the association between BUN/Cr and the in-hospital mortality of cerebral infarction patients in ICU and found BUN/Cr was associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality of patients with cerebral infarction in ICU especially in males, and those with respiratory failure, malignant cancer and without liver disease, as well as those receiving anticoagulation. The findings of our study reminded the clinicians to pay attention on the level of BUN/Cr in cerebral infarction patients in ICU.
Glyoxal Fixation Allows Constant Staining of Brain Vessels, Pericytes, and Blood-Brain Barrier Proteins
Authors: Pandit Peeyush Kumar Thankamani , Thomas Sithara , Sadanandan Jayanarayanan , Blackburn Spiros L , McBride Devin W , Dienel Ari , Ha Sung , Zeineddine Hussein A 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Brain vascular staining has great importance in understanding cerebrovascular pathologies. Paraformaldehyde 4% is considered the gold standard fixation technique for immunohistochemistry and it revolutionized the examination of proteins in fixed tissues. However, this fixation technique produces inconsistent immunohistochemical staining results due to antigen masking. Here we test a new fixation protocol using 3% glyoxal and demonstrate that this method provides overall better staining of the brain vasculature, pericytes, and tight junction proteins than 4% paraformaldehyde. Using this new fixation technique will provide more detailed information about vascular protein expressions, their distributions, and colocalizations with other proteins at the molecular level in the brain vasculature.
Plasma-Treated F modified TiO2 Impact to Enhance the Photocatalytic Performance of TiO2
Authors: Zhang Lianhong , Yu Bo , Wu Hongbo , Wen Jie , Ali Arshid Mahmood , Zhang Hui , Zhang Guoping , Yu Mingwei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
For the first time achieved F modification of titanium dioxide through a plasma method. The F modification of titanium dioxide was achieved by Ar/HF dielectric barrier discharge, including the introduction of Ti-F bonds, interstitial F doping, and substitution of F doping. The characterization results show that the band gap of Ar/HF/DBD-TiO 2 is reduced to 2.78 eV, the fluorescence intensity is greatly reduced, and the electron-hole recombination rate is reduced. The degradation rate of methylene blue by F modified titanium dioxide under visible light reaches 92%.
Preparation, optimization, and testing of biostimulant formulations as stress management tools and foliar applications on brinjal and onion for growth and yield
Authors: Ruidas Subhajit , Karmakar Snehashis , Purkait Aloke , Gangopadhyay Arka , Saha Rounak , Mukherjee Kanad , Mondal Prithusayak , Hazra Dipak Kumar 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Not only would the application of biostimulant formulations boost vegetable yields under typical and different biotic stress circumstances, but it will also be user and ecologically friendly. Due to their hydrophobic character and huge molecular volumes, the production of extremely stable emulsifiable concentrate (EC) formulations is the bottleneck of plant growth regulator uses. Gibberellic acid (0.25 percent EC) and Brassinolide (0.15 percent EC) were synthesized using a variety of solvents (Aromatic hydrocarbon, Toluene, Dimethyl sulfoxide) and surfactants (Calcium alkylbenzene sulfonate, Nonylphenol ethoxylate-13). Emulsification, detergency, and quick wetting performance were all outstanding in laboratory adjusted phytohormone formulations (E). Highly stable oil in water emulsions with exceptional compatibility and outstanding emulsion stability have been created using secondary alcohol ethoxylates and sulfonate anionic (5:5), which are affected by the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) value and type of nonionic and anionic surfactants. The hormone content fluctuation was also estimated to be appropriate using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) (5.0 percent). In brinjal (muktakeshi) and onion (sukhsagar), applications at 450, 900, 180, and 360 mL ha-1 considerably enhanced growth and yields over control plants. Gibberellic acid boosted brinjal yields by 37.5 percent, while Brassinolide raised onion yields by 33.9 percent. Plant growth regulator formulations that have been thoroughly developed and evaluated might be a big step toward environmentally friendly agricultural production.
Implementation of the Malaria Test, Treat and Track Policy in Health Facilities in Gulu District, Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kwiringira Andrew , Musoke David , Ssempiira Julius , Ssengooba Freddie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
An essential means to control malaria is diagnosing suspected patients with a confirmatory test, treatment of malaria confirmed cases, and proper case registration (track). In 2011, the Ministry of Health launched a country-wide malaria Test, Treat and Track policy. We assessed implementation of the malaria Test, Treat and Track policy in Gulu district, Uganda.
Methods
This was a cross sectional study conducted in 8 health facilities in Gulu district. We abstracted data from out-patient and laboratory register from January 2019 to December, 2019. We used a chi-square test to assess differences between levels of categorical variables. We considered a p-value of less 0.05 as cut off for statistical significance. We used Bland-Altman correlation analysis to quantify the numerical consistency between the aggregated malaria cases in out-patient registers, laboratory registers, and District Health Information System 2 (DHIS2) records for Gulu district. We used logistic regression to assess factors associated with the proportion of cases suspected, tested, confirmed and treated.
Results
The proportion of suspected malaria cases that were tested for malaria was 99.8%, and the proportion of confirmed malaria cases that were treated with antimalarials was 99.9%. There was a poor correlation 0.558(95%CI = 0.319–0.797), when the number of malaria cases recorded in out-patient department (OPD) registers were compared with the number of malaria cases reported in DHIS2 and substantial correlation 0.99(95%CI = 0.997-1.000), when malaria cases recorded in laboratory register were compared to malaria cases reported in DHIS2. There was a significant statistical difference in the proportion of confirmed malaria cases treated with antimalarials across different levels of health facilities − 0.015(95%CI=-0.027-0.003) (p < 0.016) and when health facilities were disaggregated by their location, 0.020(95%CI = 0.020 − 0.013) (p < 0.004).
Conclusion
Substantial compliance was observed in testing and treatment of malaria cases. However, malaria data reported in DHIS2 was not consistent with data recorded in HMIS registers at health facilities. There is a need to conduct capacity-building on malaria data management and integrated supportive supervision, as well as develop standard operating procedures for routine data management activities.
Bio-efficacy of permethrin/tetramethrin and lambda-cyhalothrin treatments in habitats of hard ticks (Acari, Ixodidae) populations with confirmed Borrelia spp. infection
Authors: Jurišić Aleksandar , Ćupina Aleksandara Ignjatović , Potkonjak Aleksandar , Savić Sara , Ivanović Ivana , Kavran Mihaela , Žikić Dragan , Meseldžija Maja , Dudić Milica 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the bio-efficacy of two different acaricides against mobile stages of hard ticks Ixodes ricinus, Dermacentor marginatus and Haemaphysalis punctata in their natural habitats. The study was conducted during 2020 and 2021 at localities populated by I. ricinus as the predominant species, at which the presence of Borrelia afzeli, B. garini and B.lusitaniae was confirmed. During the first investigation year, a combination of two pyrethroids, permethrin and tetramethrin, with an insecticide synergist piperonyl butoxide (trade name: Perme Plus®) was tested. At the first evaluation, 24h after the treatment with Perme Plus®, the efficacy expressed as reduction rate of the population density was within the interval of satisfying performance (70% − 90%) at all localities, while the highest efficacy (97.80%) was recorded on the 14th post-treatment day. In the second investigation year, the formulation based on lambdacyhalothrin (trade name: Icon® 10CS) was used. At the first post-treatment evaluation day satisfying effects were also demonstrated. The highest recorded efficacy rate of lambda cyhalothrin (94.68%) was recorded on the 14th post-treatment day. Both tested acaricides manifested satisfying initial acaricidal effects against mobile stages of ticks and provided long-term effects. Comparison of the regression trend lines of population reduction revealed that satisfying effects of treatment with Perme Plus® lasted until the 17th post-treatment day, while the in the case of Icon® 10CS the residual effects were significantly prolonged (30 days).
Evaluation of the efficacy of injectable platelet rich fibrin (I-PRF) in the management of clicking in internal temporomandibular joint disorders
Authors: Manafikhi Mustafa , Ataya Jawdat , Heshmeh Omar 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is one of the most complex joints in the body. The TMJ disorders are one of the most troublesome disorders for patients, as they can cause pain, affect oral functions and disturb dentists on the level of diagnosis and treatment. The most common symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorder are articulated sounds (such as clicking or TMJ crepitation), joint pain in comfort and function situations (jaw movements), pain or strain in masseter and jaw muscles and or restricted mandibular movements. One of the most modern biocompatible substances used to treat joints disorders, including the TMJ, is platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and injectable platelet rich fibrin (I-PRF). This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of Injectable Platelet Rich Fibrin (I-PRF) in treating a clicking in internal temporomandibular joint disorders. Methods: Twenty patients suffering from a unilateral click due to TMJ disorders were individually injected with 1 mL of (I-PRF) twice one week apart into the superior joint space of the TMJ with the internal disorder. Data were recorded and evaluated by the Helkimo index. This evaluation was conducted three times; one week after the first injection, one week after the second injection, and six months after the first injection.Results: The clicking was disappeared entirely in 14 out of 20 patients after one week of getting the first injection, and in all patients after one week of getting the second injection, and returned to two of them after a six-month since the first injection. Conclusion: Preliminary results showed the efficacy of the Injectable Platelet Rich Fibrin (I-PRF) in managing articular clicking in patients with internal disorders of the temporomandibular joint. Injectable Platelet Rich Fibrin has significant clinical efficacy in treating the articular clicking resulting from internal temporomandibular joint disorders.Trial Registration: Retrospectively registered, ACTRN12622000397718
Prognostic significance of TG/HDL-C and non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratios in patients with non- small cell lung cancer: a retrospective study
Authors: Duan Guochen , Kong Lingxin , Zhao Qingtao , Han Zhaohui , Xue Wenfei , Hu Zhonghui , Niu Zhancong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background：In recent years, studies have validated that serum lipids and lipoproteins are related to the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer. However, the correlation between the ratio of triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein (TG/HDL-C) or the non- high-density lipoprotein to high-density lipoprotein ratio (non-HDL-C/HDL-C) and survival of patients undergoing video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) in stage Ⅰ-ⅢA of non-small cell lung cancer is unclear. This study uses a retrospective approach to evaluate the relationship between TG/HDL-C or non-HDL-C/HDL-C and prognosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer.Methods：We retrospectively analyzed 284 patients in stage I-IIIa non-small cell lung cancer who underwent thoracoscopic surgery in Hebei General Hospital. The Time-dependent Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the optimal cutoff value and the area under the ROC curve. Survival analysis was implemented through Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses.Result：Median OS is 46 months. The cutoff value of TG/HDL-C ratios is 1.379. The cutoff value of non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratios is 2.530. The low TG/HDL-C group has a longer mean survival time (56.61 vs. 46.81 months, P < 0.05). The low non-HDL-C/HDL-C group has a longer mean survival time (59.00 vs. 52.35 months, P < 0.05).Conclusion：TG/HDL-C and non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratios have a certain correlation with the survival and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer patients receiving VATS. Preoperative serum TG/HDL-C and non-HDL-C/HDL-C may be effective independent prognostic factors for predicting NSCLC patients.