bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Just-In-Time Defect Prediction on JavaScript Projects: A Replication Study
Authors: Ni Chao , Xia Xin , Lo David , Yang Xiaohu , Hassan Ahmed E. 
Published: April 2022

Change-level defect prediction is widely referred to as just-in-time (JIT) defect prediction since it identifies a defect-inducing change at the check-in time, and researchers have proposed many approaches based on the language-independent change-level features. These approaches can be divided into two types: supervised approaches and unsupervised approaches, and their effectiveness has been verified on Java or C++ projects. However, whether the language-independent change-level features can effectively identify the defects of JavaScript projects is still unknown. Additionally, many researches have confirmed that supervised approaches outperform unsupervised approaches on Java or C++ projects when considering inspection effort. However, whether supervised JIT defect prediction approaches can still perform best on JavaScript projects is still unknown. Lastly, prior proposed change-level features are programming language–independent, whether programming language–specific change-level features can further improve the performance of JIT approaches on identifying defect-prone changes is also unknown.
To address the aforementioned gap in knowledge, in this article, we collect and label the top-20 most starred JavaScript projects on GitHub. JavaScript is an extremely popular and widely used programming language in the industry. We propose five JavaScript-specific change-level features and conduct a large-scale empirical study (i.e., involving a total of 176,902 changes) and find that (1) supervised JIT defect prediction approaches (i.e., CBS+) still statistically significantly outperform unsupervised approaches on JavaScript projects when considering inspection effort; (2) JavaScript-specific change-level features can further improve the performance of approach built with language-independent features on identifying defect-prone changes; (3) the change-level features in the dimension of size (i.e., LT), diffusion (i.e., NF), and JavaScript-specific (i.e., SO and TC) are the most important features for indicating the defect-proneness of a change on JavaScript projects; and (4) project-related features (i.e., Stars, Branches, Def Ratio, Changes, Files, Defective, and Forks) have a high association with the probability of a change to be a defect-prone one on JavaScript projects.
Association of Ear Anomalies and Hearing Loss Among Children With 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome
Authors: Wu Shannon S. , Mahomva Chengetai , Sawaf Tuleen , Reinshagen Katherine L. , Karakasis Christopher , Cohen Michael S. , Hadford Stephen , Anne Samantha 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo identify inner and middle ear anomalies in children with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) and determine associations with hearing thresholds.Study DesignRetrospective study.SettingTwo tertiary care academic centers.MethodsChildren presenting with 22q11DS between 2010 and 2020 were included. Temporal bone imaging with computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging was reviewed by 2 neuroradiologists.ResultsTwenty‐two patients (12 female, 10 male) were identified. Forty‐four ears were evaluated on imaging. There were 15 (34%) ears with abnormal semicircular canals, 14 (32%) with abnormal vestibules, 8 (18%) with abnormal ossicles, 6 (14%) with enlarged vestibular aqueducts, 4 (9.1%) with abnormal facial nerve canals, and 4 (9.1%) with cochlear anomalies. There were 25 ears with imaging and audiometric data. The median pure tone average (PTA) for ears with any structural abnormality was 41.0 dB, as compared with 28.5 dB for ears without any structural abnormality (P = .21). Of 23 ears with normal imaging, 6 (26%) had hearing loss in comparison with 13 (62%) of 21 ears with abnormalities (P = .02). Total number of anomalies per ear was positively correlated with PTA (Pearson correlation coefficient, R = 0.479, P = .01). PTA was significantly higher in patients with facial nerve canal anomalies (P = .002), vestibular aqueduct anomalies (P = .05), and vestibule anomalies (P = .02).ConclusionsSemicircular canal, ossicular, vestibular aqueduct, and vestibular anomalies were detected in children with 22q11DS, especially in the setting of hearing loss. Careful evaluation of anatomic anomalies is needed prior to surgical intervention in these patients.
Disruption of dNTP homeostasis by ribonucleotide reductase hyperactivation overcomes AML differentiation blockade
Authors: Wang Hanying , He Xin , Zhang Lei , Dong Haojie , Huang Feiteng , Xian Jie , Li Min , Chen Wei , Lu Xiyuan , Pathak Khyatiben V. , Huang Wenfeng , Li Zheng , Zhang Lianjun , Nguyen Le Xuan Truong , Yang Lu , Feng Lifeng , Gordon David J. , Zhang Jing , Pirrotte Patrick , Chen Chun-Wei , Salhotra Amandeep , Kuo Ya-Huei , Horne David , Marcucci Guido , Sykes David B. , Tiziani Stefano , Jin Hongchuan , Wang Xian , Li Ling 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Differentiation blockade is a hallmark of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). A strategy to overcome such a blockade is a promising approach against the disease. The lack of understanding of the underlying mechanisms hampers development of such strategies. Dysregulated ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) is considered a druggable target in proliferative cancers susceptible to deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) depletion. Herein, we report an unanticipated discovery that hyperactivating RNR enables differentiation and decreases leukemia cell growth. We integrate pharmacogenomics and metabolomics analyses to identify that pharmacologically (eg, nelarabine) or genetically upregulating RNR subunit M2 (RRM2) creates a dNTP pool imbalance and overcomes differentiation arrest. Moreover, R-loop–mediated DNA replication stress signaling is responsible for RRM2 activation by nelarabine treatment. Further aggravating dNTP imbalance by depleting the dNTP hydrolase SAM domain and HD domain-containing protein 1 (SAMHD1) enhances ablation of leukemia stem cells by RRM2 hyperactivation. Mechanistically, excessive activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling downstream of the imbalance contributes to cellular outcomes of RNR hyperactivation. A CRISPR screen identifies a synthetic lethal interaction between loss of DUSP6, an ERK-negative regulator, and nelarabine treatment. These data demonstrate that dNTP homeostasis governs leukemia maintenance, and a combination of DUSP inhibition and nelarabine represents a therapeutic strategy.
H3K9me2 regulation of BDNF expression via G9a partakes in the progression of heart failure
Authors: Yan Fang , Chen Ziying , Cui Wei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Heart disease is a major cause of mortality in developed countries. The associated pathology is mainly characterized by the loss of cardiomyocytes that contributes to heart failure (HF). This study aims to investigate the mechanism of euchromatic histone lysine methyltransferase 2 (EHMT2, also term G9a) in HF in rats.

Methods
Differentially expressed mRNAs in HF were screened using GEO database. Sera from subjects with or without HF were collected, and PCR was performed to detect the G9a expression. G9a was downregulated in cardiomyocytes exposed to oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD), followed by CCK8, flow cytometry, colorimetric method, and western blot assays. Established HF rats were delivered with lentiviral vectors carrying sh-G9a, and TTC staining, HE staining, TUNEL, ELISA, and western blot were performed. The regulation of G9a on the downstream target BDNF was investigated by RT-qPCR, Western blot, and ChIP-qPCR. Finally, rescue experiments were carried out to substantiate the effect of G9a on cardiomyocyte apoptosis and injury via the BDNF/TrkB axis.

Results
G9a was overexpressed, whereas BDNF was downregulated in HF. Knockdown of G9a inhibited apoptosis and injury in OGD-treated cardiomyocytes and attenuated the extent of HF and myocardial injury in rats. Silencing of G9a promoted BDNF transcription by repressing H3K9me2 modification of the BDNF promoter. Further depletion of BDNF partially reversed the effect of sh-G9a in alleviating cardiomyocyte apoptosis and injury by inhibiting the TrkB signaling pathway.

Conclusion
G9a inhibits BDNF expression through H3K9me2 modification, thereby impairing the TrkB signaling pathway and exacerbating the development of HF.
ABCD approach at the #7119 center, telephone triage system in Tokyo, Japan; a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Sakurai Atsushi , Ohta Sachiko , Oda Jun , Muguruma Takashi , Abe Takeru , Morimura Naoto 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe algorithm and protocol of the #7119 telephone triage in Tokyo, Japan, had been originally established and consists of three steps. In this study, we investigated the outcome of patients treated with physiological abnormality (ABCD approach: A, airway; B, breathing; C, circulation, and D, dysfunction of central nervous system) in step 2 during the #7119 telephone triage and clarified the meaning of evaluation of this approach.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed data from the Tokyo Fire Department from January 2016 to December 2017. Almost all the patients triaged using the ABCD approach were transferred to the hospital by ambulance and assigned severity by a physician. We divided patients into groups with combinations of 15 patterns including A, B, C, D, AB, AC, AD, BC, BD, CD, ABC, ABD, ACD, BCD, and ABCD. We compared the proportion of severe cases in each group using a Fisher's exact test, followed by residual analysis.ResultsWe analyzed 13,793 cases triaged using the ABCD approach. In this analysis, 31% of total cases were assessed as severe cases. Groupwise analysis showed that the proportion of severe cases was significantly higher in the AD, BC, CD, ABD, and ABCD groups, while it was significantly less in the C and AB groups than in the total cases.ConclusionAt the #7119 telephone triage, we can pick up the severe cases by the ABCD approach. This may contribute to the prompt transportation of severe patients to hospitals by dispatching ambulance cars using the #7119 telephone triage methods.
A longitudinal cohort study of gestational diabetes mellitus and perinatal depression
Authors: Li Haiyan , Yu Xiayan , Qiang Wenjing , Lu Mengjuan , Jiang Minmin , Hou Yanyan , Gu Yue , Tao Fangbiao , Zhu Beibei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The association between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and perinatal depression (PND) remains controversial. Our study aimed to comprehensively assess this association in a longitudinal cohort study with repeated measurements of depression.

Methods
Our cohort study was nested in a pilot study of an implementation study aiming to screen and manage perinatal depression within the primary health system in China. Women were recruited in the first trimester from May–September 2019 and followed four times up to 1 year postpartum. Data on sociodemographic characteristics and depression were collected using self-developed questionnaires incorporating the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Oral glucose tolerance test at 24 ~ 28 weeks and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) data were extracted from medical records. Depression throughout the whole period was divided into different trajectories. Associations of GDM with PND at different time periods and PND of different trajectories were determined by logistic regression. The path of association between blood glucose and depression over time was estimated with an autoregressive cross-lagged model.

Results
In total, 1043 women were included in this analysis and 313 (30.0%) were diagnosed with GDM. The prevalence of depression in the first, second, and third trimesters and postpartum period were 17.2, 6.9, 6.8 and 9.0%, respectively. GDM was neither significantly associated with PND at any time point nor with any specific trajectory of depression. Except for autoregressive paths, no cross-lagged path of FPG and scores of EPDS was significant.

Conclusions
Our study indicates no association between GDM/blood glucose and PND.
Pesticides and environmental injustice in the USA: root causes, current regulatory reinforcement and a path forward
Authors: Donley Nathan , Bullard Robert D. , Economos Jeannie , Figueroa Iris , Lee Jovita , Liebman Amy K. , Martinez Dominica Navarro , Shafiei Fatemeh 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMany environmental pollutants are known to have disproportionate effects on Black, Indigenous and People of Color (BIPOC) as well as communities of low-income and wealth. The reasons for these disproportionate effects are complex and involve hundreds of years of systematic oppression kept in place through structural racism and classism in the USA. Here we analyze the available literature and existing datasets to determine the extent to which disparities in exposure and harm exist for one of the most widespread pollutants in the world – pesticides. Our objective was to identify and discuss not only the historical injustices that have led to these disparities, but also the current laws, policies and regulatory practices that perpetuate them to this day with the ultimate goal of proposing achievable solutions. Disparities in exposures and harms from pesticides are widespread, impacting BIPOC and low-income communities in both rural and urban settings and occurring throughout the entire lifecycle of the pesticide from production to end-use. These disparities are being perpetuated by current laws and regulations through 1) a pesticide safety double standard, 2) inadequate worker protections, and 3) export of dangerous pesticides to developing countries. Racial, ethnic and income disparities are also maintained through policies and regulatory practices that 4) fail to implement environmental justice Executive Orders, 5) fail to account for unintended pesticide use or provide adequate training and support, 6) fail to effectively monitor and follow-up with vulnerable communities post-approval, and 7) fail to implement essential protections for children. Here we’ve identified federal laws, regulations, policies, and practices that allow for disparities in pesticide exposure and harm to remain entrenched in everyday life for environmental justice communities. This is not simply a pesticides issue, but a broader public health and civil rights issue. The true fix is to shift the USA to a more just system based on the Precautionary Principle to prevent harmful pollution exposure to everyone, regardless of skin tone or income. However, there are actions that can be taken within our existing framework in the short term to make our unjust regulatory system work better for everyone.
Alcohol use disorder and its association with quality of life and mortality in Chinese male adults: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Lu Jiapeng , Yang Yang , Cui Jianlan , Xu Wei , Wu Chaoqun , Li Jing , Li Xi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Aims
We aimed to demonstrate the distribution of alcohol use disorder (AUD) in China and assess its association with quality of life and mortality.

Methods
We studied 367 120 men aged 35–75 years from 31 provinces in the China Patient-Centered Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events (PEACE) Million Persons Project. At baseline, AUD was assessed by alcohol use disorders identification test score, and EQ-5D-3L questionnaire was used to measure the quality of life. Mortality data was collected via National Mortality Surveillance System and Vital Registration. Mixed models were fitted to assess the associations of AUD with quality of life, and Cox proportional hazard models were fitted for the associations with all-cause and cause-specific mortality.

Results
We identified 39 163 men with AUD, which accounted for 10.7% of male participants and 25.8% of male drinkers. In the multivariable analysis, male drinkers who were aged 45–54 years, with higher education level, currently smoking, obese, with diagnosed hypertension, and without diagnosed cardiovascular diseases had higher rates of AUD. Male drinkers with AUD were less likely to have optimal QOL compared with those without AUD (OR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.61–0.65, P < 0.001). Moreover, among male drinkers, AUD was prospectively associated with a 20% higher risk for all-cause mortality and a 30% higher risk for mortality from cancer.

Conclusions
In China one fourth of men who drank alcohol had AUD, which was associated with lower QOL and higher risk of all-cause mortality. National policies or strategies are urgently needed to control alcohol-related harms.
Coverage, inequity and predictors of hepatitis B birth vaccination in Myanmar from 2011–2016: results from a national survey
Authors: Anderson August C. T. , Richards Adam , Delucchi Kevin , Khalili Mandana 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Hepatitis B virus birth dose (HepB-BD) vaccination is recommended to reduce mother to infant transmission. We evaluated the HepB-BD status of women who gave birth between 2011 and 2016 (N = 3,583) using the 2015–2016 Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey.

Methods
Frequency distributions of HepB-BD vaccination across maternal and health system factors, concentration indices, and logistic regression models were used to estimate coverage, inequity, and factors associated with vaccination.

Results
The majority of participants were younger than 30 years of age, lived in rural areas, and were multiparous. Almost all received antenatal care (ANC), but only 43% received recommended ANC services, and 60% gave birth at home. The overall HepB-BD coverage rate was 26%. Vaccination coverage was higher in urban areas and was inequitably concentrated among children of more educated and wealthier women. HepB-BD coverage was also positively associated with receipt of ANC at non-governmental facilities, and delivery at a facility, skilled provider at birth and Cesarean delivery. After adjusting for sociodemographic and health system factors, receipt of the HepB-BD was positively associated with weekly media exposure, receipt of recommended ANC, and Cesarean delivery, and inversely associated with home delivery.

Conclusions
Both socioeconomic and health systems factors influenced suboptimal and inequitable vaccination coverage. Improved access to quality ANC and delivery services may increase HepB-BD coverage although targeted approaches to reach home births are likely required to achieve national goals.
PEGR: a flexible management platform for reproducible epigenomic and genomic research
Authors: Shao Danying , Kellogg Gretta D. , Nematbakhsh Ali , Kuntala Prashant K. , Mahony Shaun , Pugh B. Franklin , Lai William K. M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractReproducibility is a significant challenge in (epi)genomic research due to the complexity of experiments composed of traditional biochemistry and informatics. Recent advances have exacerbated this as high-throughput sequencing data is generated at an unprecedented pace. Here, we report the development of a Platform for Epi-Genomic Research (PEGR), a web-based project management platform that tracks and quality controls experiments from conception to publication-ready figures, compatible with multiple assays and bioinformatic pipelines. It supports rigor and reproducibility for biochemists working at the bench, while fully supporting reproducibility and reliability for bioinformaticians through integration with the Galaxy platform.
Thyroid Hormone Abuse in Elite Sports: The Regulatory Challenge
Authors: Gild Matti L , Stuart Mark , Clifton-Bligh Roderick J , Kinahan Audrey , Handelsman David J 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Abuse of androgens and erythropoietin has led to hormones being the most effective and frequent class of ergogenic substances prohibited in elite sports by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). At present, thyroid hormone (TH) abuse is not prohibited, but its prevalence among elite athletes and nonprohibited status remains controversial. A corollary of prohibiting hormones for elite sports is that endocrinologists must be aware of a professional athlete’s risk of disqualification for using prohibited hormones and/or to certify Therapeutic Use Exemptions, which allow individual athletes to use prohibited substances for valid medical indications. This narrative review considers the status of TH within the framework of the WADA Code criteria for prohibiting substances, which requires meeting 2 of 3 equally important criteria of potential performance enhancement, harmfulness to health, and violation of the spirit of sport. In considering the valid clinical uses of TH, the prevalence of TH use among young adults, the reason why some athletes seek to use TH, and the pathophysiology of sought-after and adverse effects of TH abuse, together with the challenges of detecting TH abuse, it can be concluded that, on the basis of present data, prohibition of TH in elite sport is neither justified nor feasible.
A dialética do instante na poesia de Cecília Meireles
Authors: Moreira Idmar Boaventura 
Published: April 2022

No segundo poema do livro Viagem, publicado em 1939, naquele que viria a ser o mais conhecido dos seus poemas, “Motivo” – mais que um poema, uma poética –, Cecília Meireles afirma a motivação de seu canto, mostra a distância entre o eu literário do poeta e o eu biográfico do autor e aponta, num movimento muito barroco, as tensões que perseguiria em toda sua obra poética, a partir de uma relação dialética entre o claro e o escuro, o provisório e o permanente, o material e o espiritual, a vida e a morte – tudo isso amalgamado na procura do instante, que Cecília Meireles perseguirá em toda sua obra. No último livro que publica, Solombra (1963), dirigindo-se a um enigmático e inalcançável “tu”, lamenta a insuficiência das palavras (“conchas secas”) e deseja ultrapassá-las, bem como a toda contingência (“libertar-me / das paredes, de tudo que aprisiona”), para, enfim, “ver eterno o instante”. O objetivo desse artigo, assim, é, a partir das reflexões de Gaston Bachelard (2010) acerca do instante poético, e das noções de imagem e ritmo, conforme apresentadas por Octavio Paz (2012) e Roberval Pereyr (2012), analisar alguns dos modos a partir dos quais uma dialética do instante se manifesta na poesia de Cecília Meireles.
Desigualdades na Bahia em tempos de pandemia em Capitães da Areia de Jorge Amado
Authors: Silva de Miranda Maysa Maria 
Published: April 2022

Este artigo põe em diálogo a questão da pandemia de covid-19 com a epidemia de varíola representada no romance Capitães da Areia da autoria de Jorge Amado e também no filme homônimo com a direção de Cecília Amado, neta do escritor baiano. O ponto de vista é o de considerar o panorama político brasileiro atual, caracterizado pela Necropolítica, termo criado por Achille Mbembe para denominar a expressão máxima da soberania política que reside no poder ditar quem pode viver e quem deve morrer. Tal panorama se apresenta também no romance e no filme, mas sobretudo contemporaneamente pela conduta do presidente do país que explicitamente nega, banaliza e dificulta as ações para debelar a epidemia, chamando a atenção de outros países. Essa atitude agrava a vida da população mais pobre que tem que se expor para ganhar o seu sustento, não podendo cumprir a quarentena para evitar a transmissão do vírus, adoecendo e morrendo mais do que aqueles podem se resguardar. Essa relação já está presente no canal Youtube, no qual observaram semelhança entre Jair Bolsonaro e Odorico Paraguaçu, personagem de novela de sucesso, que queria se beneficiar de uma certa epidemia.
Palavras chave: desigualdades; pandemia, necropolítica.