bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
« C’est pas la pilule qui ouvre la porte du frigo ! ». Violences médicales et gynécologiques en consultation de contraception
Authors: Fonquerne Leslie 
Published: March 2022

Introduction : En France, « la crise de la pilule » a permis de questionner la centralité de la contraception orale dans la « norme contraceptive » et les inconvénients liés à son usage. Cette remise en question s’inscrit plus largement dans une dynamique de visibilisation des violences médicales et gynécologiques, à l’œuvre depuis le début des années 2010. But de l’étude : L’objectif de cet article est d’analyser les violences médicales et gynécologiques qui touchent les femmes consultant afin d’accéder au possible levier d’émancipation qu’est la contraception. Méthode : Dans le cadre d’une recherche de doctorat en sociologie portant sur les prescriptions et les usages de contraception orale, près de 70 entretiens ont été recueillis auprès de 17 usagères de contraception orale et de 31 professionnel·le·s de santé habilité·e·s à prescrire une contraception. Par ailleurs, 95 consultations médicales et gynécologiques ont été observées, en structures médicales publiques et privées. Résultats : L’usage de contraception orale nécessite un suivi médical régulier exposant d’autant plus les usagères à un risque de violences médicales et gynécologiques, dont l’absence de consentement constitue le nœud. L’étude de cas d’une consultation gynécologique et l’analyse des entretiens et des observations mettent au jour diverses formes de violences médicales, favorisant la dépendance des patientes au corps médical. Conclusions : L’imbrication des différentes formes de violences médicales et gynécologiques invite à les envisager au sein d’un continuum des violences de genre. Une posture soignante éthique permet de se prémunir de ces situations.
Connaissances en neurosciences des entraîneurs
Authors: Schmitt Camille , Fournier Jean 
Published: March 2022

Cet article présente les résultats d’un sondage sur des connaissances en neurosciences des entraîneurs et constitue une réplication d’une étude effectuée au Royaume-Uni et en Irlande par Bailey et al . (2018). Les questions du sondage original ont été traduites en français pour identifier les méthodes d’entraînement liées aux aspects psychologiques et pédagogiques utilisées par les entraîneurs, leurs connaissances sur certains thèmes liés aux neurosciences et pour explorer l’origine de ces connaissances. Deux cent cinquante-quatre entraîneurs français ont répondu au sondage en ligne. Les résultats concernent trois points principaux. Premièrement, les entraîneurs utilisent largement des méthodes qui ne sont pas validées par des études scientifiques. Ainsi, un quart des entraîneurs disent utiliser l’approche Action-Type, 40 % pratiqueraient la sophrologie et près de 80 % emploieraient les styles d’apprentissage. Deuxièmement, les connaissances liées aux neurosciences sont perfectibles et les entraîneurs croient autant à des mythes qu’à des connaissances scientifiques. Troisièmement, ces pratiques et ces connaissances proviennent à 30 % de formations fédérales et universitaires. Parce que la formation est à l’origine des connaissances et des pratiques, nous suggérons d’évaluer les contenus des formations des entraîneurs.
L’impossible message de la Vallée des Saints
Authors: Jezequel Malo 
Published: March 2022

Entre sa création en 2019 et 2018, la Vallée des Saints, projet artistique et touristique central en Bretagne, a connu un très grand succès. De nombreux visiteurs ont déambulé, et déambulent encore, entre les énigmatiques statues de granite, représentant dans les styles les plus variés les saints bretons ou des personnages semi-légendaires du haut Moyen Âge. Sur le site, l’association ne propose pas de message défini pour la compréhension des œuvres, et présente cette absence comme une liberté d’interprétation accordée aux visiteurs. On peut néanmoins y voir une incapacité pour les fondateurs à produire et assumer un message commun. Quand le nombre de visiteurs stagne, les conflits interprétatifs entre chaque membre fondateur du projet apparaissent au grand jour, et les messages « invisibles » s’avèrent alors être des messages « impossibles ».
Violence et non-violence dans les concerts rock ou la société française des années 1970 face à ses contradictions
Authors: Élart Joann 
Published: March 2022

« L’espoir du “Love Power” a foutu le camp » écrit Michel Lancelot, avant d’ajouter qu’« un peu partout, la révolte s’est armée » (Campus, 1971). L’auteur décrit un état de violence dans les campus américains auquel il oppose le destin de personnalités prônant la non-violence. Cette dichotomie déborde largement le théâtre habituel des manifestations en France pour s’inviter dans les festivals Pop méridionaux ou dans quelques concerts parisiens, comme au Palais des Sports le 31 janvier 1971 où se déchaîne la violence des casseurs et des resquilleurs. La France découvre alors « la Pop Music » dont l’effet lénifiant sur le jeune public le dissuaderait de s’engager dans la lutte. Cette contradiction n’échappe pas aux journalistes qui observent concert après concert un public apathique et cérébral assistant aux performances de groupes comme Soft Machine. L’ambiance est tout autre lors des shows de Johnny Hallyday, qui draine une frange de loubards, plus agressifs et révoltés, autour desquels une organisation sécuritaire impressionnante est mise en œuvre pour protéger l’idole. Le champ lexical de la violence et de la non-violence devient alors systématique dans les colonnes des journaux pour rendre compte d’une prestation scénique à l’énergie sauvage déployée sur scène et dans le public, ou pour analyser les composantes musicales de la Pop Music ou du pub rock, dont les harmonies, les rythmes, les métriques, les intensités, les volumes sonores, ou encore les paroles, produisent une sensation de violence musicale sur les auditeurs. Enfin, le champ lexical de la violence devient une norme dans les slogans imaginés par les agences de publicités pour vendre des systèmes d’amplification toujours plus hauts et toujours plus puissants.
Rock and roll et violence en Italie en 1956
Authors: Tomatis Jacopo 
Published: March 2022

Les études sur la musique populaire ont souvent accordé une attention particulière à la relation entre la naissance du rock’n’roll aux États-Unis dans les années 1950 et la vague de « panique morale » qui s’est répandue dans le monde entier avec elle. Et pourtant, une attention particulière doit être accordée à la manière dont les différentes significations associées au nouveau rock’n’roll ont été « traduites » sur différentes scènes et par différentes cultures nationales, et reçues par différents publics locaux. Le cas italien est particulièrement significatif. L’article analyse la manière dont le rock’n’roll est présenté par les médias sur le marché italien vers 1956 : en particulier, il est facile de voir comment la musique nouvelle est associée à des images de jeunesse, de rébellion et de violence avant qu’elle ne soit réellement disponible à l’écoute (c’est-à-dire avant la sortie des disques et films de rock’n’roll sur le marché). L’impact du rock’n’roll sur la musique populaire italienne – ainsi que, plus généralement, le processus par lequel les genres musicaux s’étendent à des scènes différentes de celle d’où ils proviennent – ne peut être compris sans prêter attention aux paradoxes de ce genre.
Non-operative management in blunt splenic trauma: A ten-years-experience at a Level 1 Trauma Center
Authors: Musetti Serena , Coccolini Federico , Tartaglia Dario , Cremonini Camilla , Strambi Silvia , Cicuttin Enrico , Cobuccio Luigi , Cengeli Ismail , Zocco Giuseppe , Chiarugi Massimo 
Published: March 2022

Trauma;
Spleen injuries are among the most frequent trauma-related injuries. The approach for diagnosis and management of Blunt Splenic Injury (BSI) has been considerably shifted towards Non- Operative Management (NOM) in the last few decades. NOM of blunt splenic injuries includes Splenic Angio-Embolization (SAE). Aim of this study was to analyze Pisa Level 1 trauma center (Italy) last 10-years-experience in the management of Blunt Splenic Trauma (BST), and more specifically to evaluate NOM rate and failure. Retrospective analysis of all patients admitted with blunt splenic trauma was done. They were divided into two groups according to the treatment: hemodynamically unstable patients treated operatively (OM group) and patients underwent a nonoperative management (NOM group). The CT scan performed in all NOM group patients. Univariate analysis was performed to identify differences between the two groups. Multivariate analysis adjusting for factors with a p value < 0.05 or with clinical relevance was used to identify possible risk factors for NOM failure. 193 consecutive patients with blunt splenic trauma were admitted. Emergency splenectomies were performed in 53 patients (OM group); 140 were managed non-operatively with or without SAE (NOM group). NOM rate in high grade injuries is 57%. Overall NOM failure rate is 9%, and success rate in high grade splenic injuries is 48%; multivariate analysis showed AAST score ≥3 as a risk factor for NOM failure. Non-operative management currently represents the gold standard management for hemodynamically stable patient with blunt splenic trauma even in high grade splenic injuries. AAST ≥3 spleen lesion is a failure risk factor but not a contraindication to for non-operative management.
Protective effect of Scrophularia striata combined with trehalose and cysteine added to diluents on cryopreservd goat epididymal sperm
Authors: Maleki Zeinab , Farshad Abbas , Rostamzadeh Jalal 
Published: March 2022

Objective:
To evaluate antioxidant effects of Scrophularia (S.) striata ethanol extract, trehalose and cysteine added to diluents on cryopreserved goat epididymal sperms.

Methods:
Motility and standard motion parameters of sperm were assessed by using computer assisted sperm motility analysis system. Sperm viability was evaluated by eosin-nigrosin staining method. Hypo-osmotic swelling test was used to evaluate membrane health. Thiobarbituric acid testing was used to measure malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations. To assess DNA fragmentation, sperm chromatin dispersion test was used. In Experiment 1, treatments consisting of basal Tris diluent supplemented with 25, 50 or 100 μg/mL of S. striata ethanol extract gave the best concentration to the freezing diluents. Experiment 2 was carried out to compare the best concentration of S. striata ethanol extract (50 μg/mL) resulting from the first experiment with 150 mM trehalose and/or 5 mM cysteine alone or in combination.

Results:

S. striata ethanol extract (50 μg/mL) significantly increased sperm viability, motility and progressive motility and at the same time decreased MDA concentration and DNA fragmentation compared to other treatments (P<0.05). In addition, all treatment groups resulted in viability, membrane health, total motility, progressive motility, curvilinear velocity, straight-line velocity higher and MDA lower compared to the control group (P<0.05). Acrosome integrity was significantly higher in 50 μg/mL of S. striata ethanol extract combined with cysteine, trehalose, or cysteine+trehalose groups than those in the control, trehalose, cysteine, and 50 μg/mL of S. striata ethanol extract groups (P<0.05). Regarding DNA, extenders supplemented with 50 μg/mL of S. striata ethanol extract, 50 μg/mL of S. striata ethanol extract+trehalose, and 50 μg/mL of S. striata ethanol extract+trehalose+cysteine were superior to other treatments.

Conclusions:
Adding 50 μg/mL of S. striata ethanol extract alone or in combination with trehalose and cysteine can improve the quality of cryopreserved epididymal sperms of goats.
One-step single-tube accelerated quantitative nucleoprotein gene-specific reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal gene amplification (RT-LAMP) assay for rapid, real-time & reliable clinical detection of Ebola virus
Authors: Kumar Jyoti S. , Dash Paban Kumar , Srivastava Ambuj , Sharma Shashi , Tandel Kundan , Parida Manmohan 
Published: March 2022

Background & objectives:
Due to the absence of specific drugs or vaccines for Ebola virus disease, rapid, sensitive and reliable diagnostic methods are required to control the transmission chain of the disease and for better patient management. Isothermal amplification of nucleic acids has emerged as a promising alternative in which rapid and efficient amplification is achieved at a constant temperature without the thermal cycling required in PCR.

Methods:
A one-step single-tube accelerated quantitative reverse trascription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay was developed by targeting the NP gene of 2014 Zaire Ebola virus (ZEBOV). The RT-LAMP assay was found to be specific for ZEBOV, without having any cross-reactivity with related haemorrhagic fever viral agents.

Results:
The comparative evaluation of Ebola virus NP gene-specific RT-LAMP assay with reverse transcription (RT) - PCR and TaqMan real-time RT-PCR demonstrated that RT-LAMP was 10-1000 folds more sensitive than TaqMan real-time RT-PCR and conventional RT-PCR, respectively, with a detection limit of 1 copy number. In the absence of real-world clinical samples, the feasibility of Ebola virus RT-LAMP assay for clinical diagnosis was evaluated with different body fluids including serum, urine, saliva, semen and stool samples from healthy human volunteers spiked with gamma-irradiated ZEBOV 2014 obtained from Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany, through the European Network for Diagnostics of Imported Viral Diseases. The Ebola virus RT-LAMP assay could correctly be picked up the spiked samples up to 1 copy of viral RNA without having any matrix interference. The monitoring of gene amplification can also be visualized with the naked eye by using SYBR Green I fluorescent dye.

Interpretation & conclusions:
Thus, due to easy operation without a requirement of sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel, the RT-LAMP assay reported here is a valuable tool as a point-of-care diagnosis for the rapid and real-time detection of Ebola virus in resource-limited healthcare settings of developing countries.
Evaluation and optimization of antibiotic usage in upper respiratory tract infections in children at a tertiary care outpatient department
Authors: Mishra Sudhir , Srivastava Preeti , Sunder Sarala , Mishra Asit Kumar , Tanti Sanjay Kumar 
Published: March 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Inappropriate antibiotic (ab)use contributes to antimicrobial resistance. Upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is the most common reason for antibiotic prescription in an outpatient department (OPD). Several factors influence the high and unjustified antibiotic use in a common ailment.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A clinical audit was performed to assess antibiotic prescription rate (APR) for URTI in the pediatric OPD against the available benchmark. The prescription pattern was assessed, and interventions were formulated to improve prescription behavior. Data of all children attending OPD and fulfilling the criteria for URTI group were collected from the online hospital management system and analyzed. Interventions, in the form of discussions, presentations, posters, and guidelines (Indian Ministry of Health Guidelines for URTI) regarding etiology of URTI, and indications for antibiotic prescription were implemented. Data were monitored and feedback to consultants was given.

RESULTS:
The baseline APR was 14.7%. There was wide variation in APR (4.1%–53.1%) among consultants. Three consultants had a rate of 53.1%, 29.7%, and 28.6%, which was very high. Postintervention, the average APR decreased to 8.7%, a reduction of 40.8%. There was a reduction in APR among consultants with high APR as well. There was reduction in the use of azithromycin, a drug recommended for patients with penicillin allergy, from 21.2% to 14.4% (32.1% reduction). Amoxycillin plus clavulanic acid combination and amoxicillin alone continued to be the most prescribed antibiotics.

CONCLUSION:
Interventions through clinical audit were useful in reducing APR. The APR of 8.7% achieved in this study postintervention can be used as a benchmark by other institutions to assess APR in children with URTI.
Studies on biochemical, oxidative and genotoxicity alterations following vas blockage with reversible inhibition of sperm under guidance and reversal in rats
Authors: Ansari Abdul S. , Hussain Mubarik , Khan Sadi Rehan , Badar Ayesha , Khilwani Barkha , Lohiya Nirmal Kumar 
Published: March 2022

CONTEXT:
Vas obstruction with reversible inhibition of sperm under guidance (RISUG) for contraception and its reversal, may cause oxidative stress or inimical effects on male reproductive functions.

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the biochemical and genotoxicity at the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) following vas occlusion with RISUG and its reversal by Dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) and 5% NaHCO3 in Wistar albino rats.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:
Animals were divided into seven groups (n = 10), namely sham-operated control, short-term vas occlusion with RISUG for 90 days, reversal with DMSO and 5% NaHCO3, long-term vas occlusion with RISUG for 360 days, reversal with DMSO and 5% NaHCO3.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Biochemical markers in reproductive tissues, hematology, serum biochemistry, serum electrolytes and ROS measuring indicators, e.g., lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione S-transferase were examined.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED:
One-way analysis of variance test was performed for analyses of data obtained in this study using the SPSS 10.0 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).

RESULTS:
The tissue and clinical chemistry did not show appreciable alterations in RISUG injected and reversal Groups (II-VII) as compared to sham control. The genotoxicity and various ROS markers fluctuated within control limits following short- and long-term vas occlusion and reversal.

CONCLUSIONS:
The study suggested that the reversal procedures, following RISUG contraception, were not associated with any kind of toxicological manifestations.
Psychological distress and well-being assessment among Indian people during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Chandra Rishita , Kumar Santosh , Supehia Sakshi , Das Amity , Agarwal Disha 
Published: March 2022

Background:
A rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic restricted millions of people in their homes and affected them with anxiety, stress, and psychological distress. This online study was conducted to assess the psychological distress among the Indian population.

Method:
This is a cross-sectional study, data collected via an online self-reported questionnaire using a snowball sampling technique. COVID-19 psychological stress was measured through the COVID-19 peritraumatic distress index (CPDI). This questionnaire was open-access and adapted from the Shanghai Mental Health Centre. Data were extracted to Microsoft Excel and analyzed in SPSS 23 version. Ordinal logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratio for predicting variables.

Results:
A total of 625 responses were received. The mean age of the respondents was 26.41 years (standard deviation [SD] = 9.35; range = 17–79 years) with 320 (51.2%) males and the majority (68.8%) of the respondents were students. Youth with age group between 21 and 25 years were observed to be having peritraumatic distress 2.42 times more than the other groups (P = 0.001). Females were found to be more nervous and anxious (χ2 = 5.12; P = 0.02), more sluggish reaction due to anxiety (χ2 = 9.46; P = 0.002) as compared to males. Unmarried respondents were observed to be more sluggish due to anxiety (χ2 = 7.2; P = 0.007), felt more tired and exhausted (χ2 = 6.12; P = 0.013) in comparison to married.

Conclusion:
COVID-19 pandemic crisis significantly affected a major segment of society. The psychological distress level was observed to be high among youth, females, and a group of people in quarantine or isolation.
Contraceptive use and its consistency among eligible couples in a peri-urban area of Delhi, India: A secondary data analysis
Authors: Mogan K. A. , Sharma Priyanka , Khokhar Anita , Tiwari Poornima 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Contraceptive use is important to stabilize population growth by reducing the net reproduction rate. The effectiveness of a contraceptive method is decided mainly by its consistent and correct use.

Methods:
A record-based study was undertaken with the aim to study the contraceptive usage and its consistency among eligible couples in a peri-urban area of Delhi, India. Data of 946 eligible couples were analysed. Descriptive analysis was performed and odds ratios were calculated.

Results:
Mean age of females was found to be 30.3 ± 5.5 years and males was 33.5 ± 6.4 years. About 56.2% (532) eligible couples have used contraceptive at least once in the past 6 months and 54.7% (517) used them consistently for 6 months of the study period. There were 12.3 pregnancies per 100 non-users, 2.2 pregnancies per 100 ever users and 1.9 per 100 consistent users (1.7 for condoms and 0.2 for OCPs). Couples having two or more children, having two or more male children and with less than five years of age difference between husband and wife were found to have significantly higher odds of ever and consistent contraceptive use compared to other eligible couples (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
More than half of the eligible couples were found to be using contraceptives ever in past 6 months, and 54.7% of eligible couples were using them consistently. There is a need to explore social, cultural factors, awareness levels associated with the ever and consistent use of contraceptives for improving overall couple protection rate and enhancing the consistency in usage.
Different diets and their effect on tuberculosis prevention in HIV patients
Authors: Kouhpayeh Hamidreza 
Published: March 2022

Introduction:
The relationship between nutrition and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, tuberculosis, and other infectious diseases is logically proven. Nutrition affects the immune system and the health of the organs. Inadequate dietary intake endangers the immune system, which itself increases susceptibility to disease and often culminates in active disease. The disease then reduces the body’s appetite and ability to absorb nutrients, and the cycle continues. Considering the importance of the role of nutrition in the health of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients, this current review aimed to discuss the different diets and their effects on tuberculosis (TB) prevention in HIV patients.

Method and Materials:
The present study evaluates the important points related to AIDS and the prevention and treatment of this disease by considering the diet and known scientific cases during the last 10 years, in simple terms, the prevalence of this disease.

Result:
Articles were searched by valid databases in May 2021. The findings showed that in addition to malnutrition, the high prevalence of infectious diseases can have serious consequences for public health. Many people will be safe from getting infections if there are safe and effective interventions for many of these infectious diseases.

Conclusion:
Based on the information presented herein, it is clear that TB affects the nutritional status. Many patients with active TB experience severe weight loss, and many people with the symptoms show a lack of vitamins and minerals.