bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pemanfaatan Polimer Alam Kappa-Karagenan dan Glukomanan untuk Mikroenkapsulasi Extra Virgin Olive Oil
Authors: Kusuma Viona Rohmah Armia Gita , Syahputraningrat Gemilang Ramadhan , Rahman Halimah Madania , Fadilah Fadilah 
Published: August 2022

<div class="WordSection1"><p><strong>Abstrak.</strong> <em>Extra virgin olive oil</em> (EVOO) adalah olahan pertama minyak zaitun tanpa campuran ekstrak lainnya yang mengandung senyawa antioksidan berupa senyawa fenolik, tokoferol, squalene, klorofil, β-karoten, dan polifenol. Kandungan antioksidan ini mudah teroksidasi sehingga perlu dipertahankan dengan cara mikroenkapsulasi. Mikroenkapsulasi merupakan penyalutan tipis dengan polimer pada partikel kecil zat padat dan dispersi zat cair dimana ukuran partikel antara 1-5000 µm. Riset ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan volume bahan inti dan komposisi campuran polimer pada mikroenkapsulasi EVOO dengan penyalut polimer alam kappa-karagenan dan glukomanan menggunakan metode koaservasi. Keberhasilan EVOO tersalut dalam polimer ditunjukkan berdasarkan rendemen mikrokapsul, <em>Fourier Transform Infra Red Spectrophotometer</em> (FTIR), <em>Scanning Electron Microscope</em> (SEM), dan efisiensi enkapsulasi. Hasil riset didapatkan penambahan volume minyak dan campuran komposisi polimer berpengaruh terhadap efisiensi yang dihasilkan. Efisiensi enkapsulasi tertinggi terdapat pada penambahan volume EVOO 0,5 mL sebesar 74,996% dan komposisi polimer pada 0,2 g kappa-karagenan + 0,1 g glukomanan sebesar 77,5637%. </p><p align="left"><strong>Kata kunci:</strong> </p><p><em>Extra Virgin Olive Oil</em>, Koaservasi, Mikroenkapsulasi, Polimer</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract.</strong> <em>Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is the first processed olive oil without other extracts containing antioxidant compounds in the form of phenolic compounds, tocopherols, squalene, chlorophyll, </em>β<em> -carotene, and polyphenols. These antioxidants are easily oxidized so it need to be maintained using microencapsulation. Microencapsulation is a thin polymer coating on small solid particles and liquid dispersions where the particle size ranges from 1-5000 </em>µ<em>m. The aim of the research is to determine the effect of the volume of core material and the composition of polymer mixture on EVOO microencapsulation using mixture natural polymer kappa-carrageenan and glucomannan by coacervation method. The success of coating EVOO by the polymer was demonstrated based on the yield, Fourier Transform Infra Red Spectrophotometer (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and encapsulation efficiency. The results showed that the addition of oil volume and a mixture of polymer compositions affected the resulting efficiency. The highest encapsulation efficiency was found in the addition of 0.5 mL EVOO which provides efficiency 74.996% and polymer composition at 0.2 g of kappa-carrageenan + 0.1 g of glucomannan which provides efficiency 77.5637%.</em></p><p align="left"><strong>Keywords:</strong></p><p>Extra Virgin Olive Oil, Coaservation Microencapsulation, Polymer </p><p> </p></div><p> </p>
Sintesis Carbon Nanodots dari Molase Menggunakan Metode Pemanasan Terbantukan Gelombang Mikro
Authors: Hulupi Mentik , Nabilah Nida , Nabilah Tiana Hasna , Keryanti Keryanti , Abdilah Fauzi 
Published: August 2022

<p><strong>ABSTRAK.</strong> <em>Carbon nanodots</em> (CNDs) merupakan nanomaterial yang berukuran dibawah 10 nm. CNDs memiliki keunggulan diantaranya yaitu fotostabilitas tinggi, biokompatibilitas baik, toksisitas yang rendah, mudah dibuat, dan ramah lingkungan. Sumber karbon yang digunakan berasal dari molase karena murah dan mudah didapat serta merupakan hasil samping dari pengolahan tebu. Pada penelitian ini digunakan metode pemanasan terbantukan gelombang mikro atau <em>Microwave Assisted Extraction</em> (MAE) yang memberikan hasil suspensi yang homogen, pemanasan efisien, dan waktu yang singkat. Waktu iradiasi mempengaruhi energi gap CNDs dari molase yang dihasilkan. Waktu yang optimum untuk sintesis CNDs dari molase menggunakan metode MAE yaitu selama 3 menit. Efek fluoresensi telah diamati untuk suspensi CNDs yang mengubah warna kuning menjadi warna biru dibawah sinar UV 366 nm. Karakterisasi menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis menunjukan serapan maksimum CNDs dari molase pada panjang gelombang 255 nm dengan energi gap sebesar 4,55 eV.</p><p><strong>Kata kunci:</strong></p><p align="left"><em>carbon nanodots</em>, <em>microwave, </em>molase</p><p><strong><br /></strong></p><p><strong>ABSTRACT. </strong>Carbon nanodots (CNDs) are nanomaterials with a size below 10 nm. CNDs have advantages such as high photostability, good biocompatibility, low toxicity, easy to manufacture, and environmentally friendly. The carbon source used comes from molasses because it is cheap and easy to obtain and is a by-product of sugarcane processing. In this study, the Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) method was used which gave homogeneous suspension results, efficient heating, and short time. The irradiation time affects the energy gap of the CNDs of the molasses produced. The optimum time for the synthesis of CNDs from molasses using the MAE method is 3 minutes. Fluorescence effects have been observed for suspensions of CNDs which turn yellow to blue under 366 nm UV light. Characterization using UV-Vis spectrophotometry showed the maximum absorption of CNDs from molasses at a wavelength of 255 nm with an energy gap of 4.55 eV.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong></p><p align="left">carbon nanodots, microwave, molasses</p><p> </p>
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Primary Health Care Providers towards Deprescribing in Ethiopia
Authors: Gadisa Diriba Alemayehu , Hailemikael Saron Mulugeta , Gudeta Biruk Mosisa , Bacha Amente Jorise , Yabeyu Abdella Birhan , Beressa Tamirat Bekele 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Deprescribing is a planned and supervised process of reducing, substituting, or discontinuing medicines that are unnecessary or deemed to be harmful that tailored to individual patient needs. The study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of healthcare providers towards deprescribing in Ambo university referral hospital (AURH) and AGH (Ambo general hospital), Ethiopia and identify the perceived barriers and enablers of deprescribing. Methods: A self-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect the information from healthcare providers with facilities based cross-sectional study design from July to September 2021. The data was cleaned, coded, and entered into the SPSS version 25 statistical software for analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the finding.Results: Two hundreds twenty three (223) health care providers in AURH and AGH took part in the study. Among the participants, 155(69.5%) heard about deprescribing but 125(56.1%) reportedly had insufficient knowledge about deprescribing. More than three fourth of respondents (75.8%) agreed that deprescribing does benefits than harms the patients in terms of decreasing pills burden, cost of medication, drug-drug interaction, and improving overall treatment outcomes and quality of life. One hundreds forty-seven (65.9%) of the respondents reported that they had consciously practiced deprescribing. Respondents reported that 149 (66.8%) of them deprescribed antipsychotic which were followed by antidepressant 142(63.7%) and antihypertensive 112(50.2%) medications. Respondents noted that the engagement of pharmacists 83 (37.2%), the existence of evidence based user-friendly guidelines 78(34.9%), having sufficient deprescribing knowledge 57(25.6%) and effective multidisciplinary team collaboration and communication 51 (22.9%) were the most often reported enablers for practicing deprescribing. On the other hand, lack of organizational support 85(38.1%), lack of clear risk-benefit information regarding deprescribing 75(33.6%), time constraint and lack of access to evidence-based guidelines 54(24.2%) were the most frequently reported barriers for practicing barriers.Conclusion: More than half of respondents reported that they had insufficient knowledge about deprescribing. More than three-fourth of the respondents agreed that deprescribing does benefits than harms the patients. In general, the respondents identified interconnected patient-related, provider-related, and system-related barriers to deprescribing. Therefore, multi-level approach through innovations and initiatives should be sought to address the perceived barriers.
Multiple Energy Hubs Network Management in Uncertainty Conditions
Authors: Kebria Zohreh Shakeri , Fattahi Parviz , Setak Mostafa 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Energy hubs are complex systems for transferring, converting, and saving various energies in consumption networks. In this paper, a model for energy distribution in three different layers of production, modification, distribution, and final consumption is planned by a network of multiple energy hubs with heterogeneous equipment in residential buildings. Due to the possible failure of equipment in the impact of the life passage and possible customer demand according to seasonal scenarios, backup equipment, and storage equipment have been used to increase reliability to meet customer needs. The purpose of the model is to minimize operational costs, minimize the pollution generated by energy consumption and maximize reliability due to possible failure of energy hub equipment. The proposed model was a mixed-integer linear problem (MILP) which was solved using CPLEX solver in GAMS software. The final solution of the model shows that backup and storage systems reduce costs and increase reliability.
A Cross-Sectional Study of Knowledge, Practice and Management of Solid Waste segregation in Higher Educational Institutes: A Case Study in KSA
Authors: Rabeiy Ragab , Almutairi Saud , Birima Ahmed , Kassem Lamyaa , Nafady Ayman 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Solid waste management is highly considered in KSA for the protection of the environment, preserving resources and producing energy. Waste is collected in bins from Qassim University (QU) as a solid mixture without any segregation processes. In principle, the separation of solid waste at the generating sites enhances the recycling processes and reducing the final disposal of waste to the environment. The key to getting university stakeholders involved in the waste separation at sources is an awareness coupled with participation. This study aims to evaluate the stakeholders’ knowledge and practices of solid waste separation at QU, KSA as well as to assess the current management situation of solid waste in the university. A cross-sectional survey was adopted that consists of three sections: Knowledge, practices, and management and contains 24 statements. Frequency analysis, Chi-square test, T-test, and correlation test have been utilized to estimate the average values and the association between the survey statements and demographic variables. The results revealed that the awareness level of respondents is high, and their application is good. Although less than 50% of the QU stakeholders have practiced waste separation at the generation site in specific bins, the majority are willing to do that with agreement level of 98%. Additionally, the analysis proved that the waste separation at the generation point in QU is poor. Analysis of the disposed types in QU implies that the most disposed waste is paper and plastic with a percentage of 41.5%, while the largest selected individual waste disposed of was plastic (42%) followed by paper (35%). Lectures, workshops, and advertisements related to waste management are recommended to increase awareness toward the benefits of waste separation at the source.
Entrepreneurs' perception: the connection of your brand with the sustainable exploitation of the Amazon rainforest
Authors: Diego Luiz , Sandro Francisco , Paula Ana 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjective— This study seeks to understand the perception of entrepreneurs regarding the connection of their brand with the sustainable exploitation of the Amazon Forest, thus presenting the perspective of these entrepreneurs on the variables that can affect the long-term relationships between their brands and environmental sustainability of the Brazilian Amazon.Design —Qualitative study composed of semi-structured 1 to 1 interviews in 7 (seven) companies that maintain sustainable business activities in the Amazon region of Brazil. The sample was used because they are businesses from the Amazonia UP program, developed by the Imazon Institute. The interrelationships of the data obtained were analyzed using grounded theory, using lexicometric analysis and discourse analysis.Results— The results of the study show the community that brands that develop sustainable businesses in the Amazon region of Brazil, with theirbrand equitybased on the region's environmental responsibility, realize that the full performance of sustainable activities depends on the performance of three agents: entrepreneurs, indigenous peoples and public management. Regarding the valuation of sustainability by consumers, there is still no relevant appreciation of the added value in products as a result of conservation practices in their products/services. For the other business areas, entrepreneurs perceive a greater importance and consequent valuation of the products through the conservationist practices of the Amazon introduced in the brand experience by the customer.Research implications— Provides important data on sustainablebrand equity, a concept that has been extensively researched, but still poorly understood from the perspective of forest conservation in the Amazon region, presenting the points of view of entrepreneurs and their businesses,branding strategiesand valorization of the environmental conservation of the Amazon region. region.Originality/value— The influence of environmental sustainability in improving thebrand equityof brands of companies located in the Amazon region of Brazil, specifically in the context of Startups. Although the current literature shows positive results regarding the relationship between environmental sustainability and brands, little attention has been paid to the entrepreneur's vision and the relationship of variables specifically in the context of benefits for the business.
Delphinidin regulates the NF-κB/AP-1/caspase-3 pathway to protect against apoptosis of retinal photoreceptors under conditions of photochemical damage
Authors: Yu Xiaoping , Deng Xiaomin , Du Jingchang , Fu Xiaoying , Chen Qianyun , Peng Jiayuan , Wu Ailin , Chen Wei , Zhu Yanfeng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Retinal photochemical damage (RPD) can be the main cause of various ophthalmic diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Patients' vision can be severely impaired in the late stages of these eye diseases. Delphinidin, one of the major functional components of anthocyanins, has shown preventive effects on RPD and ophthalmic diseases induced by RPD, but the underlying mechanisms are complex and unclear. This study investigated the protective effect of delphinidin on photochemically damaged retinal photoreceptors in vivo and in vitro and characterized the underlying mechanisms. In vivo experiments showed that delphinidin downregulated the expression levels of caspase-3, and reduced the apoptosis rate of retinal photoreceptor cells in SD rats, thus protecting the structural integrity of the retina. In vitro experiments showed that delphinidin could maintain the normal ultrastructure of the mitochondrial endoplasmic reticulum membrane, reduce the apoptosis rate caused by light injury and improve the survival rate of light-damaged 661W cells. In addition, we found that delphinidin increased the mRNA and activated protein expression of NF-κB p65, NF-κB p50, and IκBα in photochemically injured 661W cells, and decreased the mRNA and protein expression of AP-1 (c-fos/c-jun) and Caspase-3/-8/-9. Compared with the model group, phospho-NF-κB p65 in delphinidin-treated cells was translocated into the nucleus, and the nuclear phospho-NF-κB p65 expression was increased, while nuclear c-jun expression was decreased. These results suggested that delphinidin resisted RPD-induced apoptosis of retinal photoreceptors by regulating the expression of factors involved in the NF-κB/AP-1/caspase-3 pathway.
Socio-economic Impact of Sargassum Influx Events on Artisanal Fishing in Ghana
Authors: Sowah Winnie Naa Adjorkor , Jayson-Quashigah Philip-Neri , Atiglo Donatus Yaw , Addo Kwasi Appeaning 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Sargassum is a free-floating brown macroalgae that has many benefits in the marine environment however has been reported to impact diverse sectors of human livelihoods. Sargassum influx has been experienced in Ghana since 2009. The consequences of this influx have been significantly felt by coastal communities who depend on the fisheries for their livelihood This study determined the impact sargassum has on the fisheries value chain in three coastal communities: Sanzule, Beyin and Newtown. The method adopted was focus group discussions, group surveys, photography and field observations. The results revealed that over 70% of the respondents depend on the fisheries for their livelihood. Sargassum influx has negatively impacted these communities through a reduction in fish catch and fishing effort leading to loss of investment and sustenance. Comprehensive management of sargassum is recommended to alleviate the impact of sargassum influx event on these coastal communities.
Regio-isomers of 2,5,6,7,8-pentaaryl-1H-azepino[3,2,1-ij]quinazoline-1,3(2H)-dione containing various aryl substituents in the azepine ring: structures determination using NMR methods
Authors: Pronina Julia A. , Komolova Darya D. , Boitsov Vitali M. , Stepakov Alexander V. , Selivanov Stanislav I. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
NMR spectroscopy methods were used to prove structures of two similar regio-isomers of 2,5,6,7,8-pentaaryl-1H-azepino[3,2,1-ij]quinazoline-1,3(2H)-dione containing various aryl substituents in the azepine ring which were obtained as reaction products and existed in CDCl3 as inseparable mixture of two compounds with almost equal (56:44) relation between them. Complete signal assignment in 1H and 13C spectra of each compound was made by using some homo- and heteronuclear NMR experiments. Long-range distance estimation (up to 5.0 Å) on base of nuclear Overhauser enhancement approach (NOE) at condition of extreme-narrow limits (ωoτc < < 1) was used to determine on the quantitative level the internuclear distances between protons H6 and H8 situated in rigid part of molecules and nearest ortho- and meta-protons in mobile phenyl rings Ph5 and Ph2, respectively. The distance difference between calculated and experimental values in all cases was not more than 10%. These results allowed us to prove that dominant regio-isomer (3a) has para-methoxy-substituted rings at positions 9 and 12 of seven-membered ring C, and minor regio-isomer (3d) has these rings at position 10 and 12. The results of an independent approach based on the comparison of the chemical shifts of the 1Н and 13С nuclei of the regio-isomers under study are in full agreement (or do not contradict) with the obtained conclusions based on the quantitative NOE measurements of interproton distances. The methodological approach on the basis of long-range distance estimation by NOE tested in this work can be used to establish the structure of inseparable mixtures of two or more compounds or to solve similar problems under conditions of complex mixtures of closely related organic compounds.
Midwife Empathy and Its Association with the Childbirth Experience: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Jin Yuhua , Wu Yanpeng , Li Jing 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Although pregnancy and childbirth comprise a life-course that most midwives experience, whether their own experiences of childbirth resonate with other women during childbirth remains to be determined. In this study, we therefore characterized midwives’ empathic capabilities and defined their underlying factors.
Method
We conducted a cross-sectional study with data from 464 midwives in Guangdong, China, that were collected through the “Chinese version of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy for Health Professionals (JSE-HP).” This questionnaire contains sections related to midwife demographics and delivery characteristics. We then implemented multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify empathy-related factors.
Results
Our analysis revealed 303 (65.3%) participants in the high-empathy group while 161 (34.7%) were in the middle-empathy group. Compared with the reference groups, these results indicated that higher empathy was associated with an elevated educational level (OR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.04–3.25), high monthly salary (OR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.11–4.80), and no shift work (OR, 2.89; 95% CI, 1.09–7.63). The odds of a high empathy score were higher for midwives who experienced two childbirths (2.27, 1.11–4.66) and for those who had children under the age of three years (2.81, 1.34–5.92).
Conclusion
Midwives possess a moderate-to-high level of empathy, and the greater the number of childbirths they experienced and the younger their children, the higher their reported empathy score. This study contributes novel information regarding the empathic behavior of midwives toward women who give birth in China.
Six years follow-up of Type 1 Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) Treated with Intravitreal Injection of Ranibizumab and Bevacizumab
Authors: Tung Hsiao-Fan , Chen Yi-Ling , Chen Yen-Chih , Chiu Shin-Lin , Chen San-Ni 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate biometric and refractive results in patients with type 1 ROP treated by intravitreal injection(IVI) of Ranibizumab(R) and Bevacizumab (B) at the corrected age of six.
Methods
This is a monocenter retrospective study. The infants diagnosed with type 1 ROP and treated with IVI of ranibizumab or bevacizumab as the first therapy were included. We analyzed the difference structural and functional between the two groups and comparing it with the previous study that when these children were in the age of one and three.
Results
Sixty eyes were enrolled. In biometric outcomes, there is still deeper anterior chamber and thinner lens thickness in the Ranibizumab group as previous reported at the age of three. In the refractory aspect, the eyes treated with bevacizumab had higher myopia at the age of one and three; however, at the age of six, a similar incidence of high myopia was observed in the two groups.
Conclusions
In the corrected age of six, the eyes treated with IVI Ranibizumab were associated with deeper anterior chamber and thinner lens thickness. Interestingly, emmtropization process brought similar incidence of high myopia in the age of six, which was different from the younger age.
Analysis of Influencing Factors on Excellent Teachers' Professional Growth based on DB-Kmeans Method
Authors: Gao Xu , Ding Xiaoming , han tingting , kang yueyuan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Kmeans clustering algorithm is widely used for the advantages of simplicity and efficient operation. However, the lack of clustering centers in the algorithm usually causes incorrect category of some discrete points. Therefore, in order to obtain more accurate clustering results when studying the factors affecting the professional growth of outstanding teachers, this paper proposes an improved algorithm of Kmeans combined with DBSCAN. Observing the clustering results of the influencing factors and calculating the evaluation standard values of the clustering results, it is found that the optimized DB-Kmeans algorithm has obvious improvements in the accuracy of the clustering results and the clustering speed, and the clustering effect of the algorithm on edge points is more advantageous than the original algorithms according to the scatter diagram.