bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep-learning Driven Precision Control of Dilution Rate in Multi-pass Laser Cladding: Experiment and Simulation
Authors: Zhu Shichao , Xia Wenzhen , Kamali Hamidreza , Ouyang Linhan , Xie Lingling , Huang Zhenyi , Jiang Zhengyi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The continuous energy input can lead to heat accumulation in the multi-pass lap laser cladding, which results in a progressive increase in the dilution rate and deteriorates the quality of laser cladding. Precisely controlling the stability of the dilution in the multi-pass laser cladding is still challenging. In this study, we proposed a deep-learning driven method for precisely controlling the dilution rate in the multi-pass laser cladding. Initially, the relationship between the dilution rate and power energy is retracted via the experiment-based finite element simulation. Subsequently, the convolution neural network deep learning is applied to optimise and improve the accuracy of the dilution rates in the cladding layer. The experiment verifies that the high stability of dilution rate in each pass, i.e. average errors of less than 10.88%, is achieved via in-situ adjusting of the power energy using the prediction obtained from the proposed method. We also attempted to provide insights into the dilution mechanism in Invar alloy multi-pass laser cladding as well as the potential applications of this method for other materials in the cladding and other 3D metal additive manufacturing.
Optically Patternable Intensely Luminescent All-Inorganic Nanocrystals
Authors: Xiao Pengwei , Zhang Zhoufan , Ge Junjun , Deng Yalei , Chen Xunfeng , Zhang Jian-Rong , Kambe Yu , Talapin Dmitri , Wang Yuanyuan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
All-inorganic nanocrystals (NCs) are of great importance in a range of electronic devices. However, current all-inorganic NCs suffer from limitations in their optical properties, such as low fluorescence efficiencies. Here, we developed a general surface treatment strategy to obtain intensely luminescent all-inorganic NCs (ILANs). The absolute photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) of red-, green- and blue-emitting ILANs in polar solvents are 97%, 80% and 72%, respectively, which are the highest among inorganically functionalized NCs. Further study revealed that the passivated Lewis basic sites of ILANs by metal cations boosts the efficiency of radiative recombination of electron-hole pairs. While the passivation of Lewis basic sites leads to a high PLQY of ILANs, the exposed Lewis acidic sites provide the opportunities for directly optically patterning of functional NCs with high-resolution. Our studies provide a new surface engineering approach to design functional NCs and create a versatile platform for patterning NCs.
Co-occurrence of CAPN3 homozygous mutation and CCTG expansion in the CNBP gene in a patient with muscular dystrophy
Authors: Radziwonik Wiktoria , Elert-Dobkowska Ewelina , Kubalska Jolanta , Stepniak Iwona , Lipowska Marta , Potulska-Chromik Anna , Sulek Anna 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Muscular dystrophy is a group of heterogeneous diseases that cause progressive muscle weakness and atrophy. Many types of muscular dystrophy is distinguished involving Duchenne/Becker, myotonic, limb-girdle, congenital, or facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophies. Different molecular techniques, including next-generation sequencing (NGS) were performed to identify the genetic cause of Polish patient with limb–girdle muscle weakness and atrophy. Homozygous pathogenic mutation c.550delA, (p.Thr184ArgfsTer36) in the CAPN3 gene as well as a heterozygous expansion of a CCTG repeat of the CNBP gene in this patient had been identified. Segregation analysis showed both maternal and paternal heterozygous carriers for CAPN3 mutation, and a maternally inherited CNBP expansion. Here, we report on the first patient who carried both a homozygous mutation in the CAPN3 and CCTG expansion in the CNBP gene, suggesting the co-occurrence of recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 1 and myotonic dystrophy 2 (DM2) in a single patient. In general, this phenomenon is considered as uncommon, although is possible and, therefore, should be taken into consideration in those populations with a relatively high prevalence of DM2.
Seasonal trends in COVID-19 cases, hospitalizations, and deaths in the United States and Europe
Authors: Wiemken Timothy L , Khan Farid , Puzniak Laura , Yang Wan , Simmering Jacob , Polgreen Philip , Nguyen Jennifer L , Jodar Luis , McLaughlin John M 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Determining whether SARS-CoV-2 exhibits seasonality like other respiratory viruses is critical for public health planning. We evaluated whether COVID-19 rates follow a seasonal pattern using time series models. We used time series decomposition to extract the annual seasonal component of COVID-19 case, hospitalization, and death rates from March 2020 through July 2022 for the United States and Europe. Models were adjusted for a country-specific stringency index to account for confounding by nonpharmaceutical interventions. Despite year-round disease activity, we identified seasonal spikes in COVID-19 from approximately November-April for all outcomes and in all countries. Our results support employing annual preventative measures against SARS-CoV-2, such as administering seasonal booster vaccines in a similar timeframe as those in place for influenza. Whether certain high-risk individuals may need more than one COVID-19 vaccine booster dose each year will depend on factors like vaccine durability against severe illness and levels of year-round disease activity.
Clinical characteristics and survival analysis of Chinese ovarian cancer patients with RAD51D germline mutations
Authors: Yuan Hua , Li Ning 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

ObjectivesWe aimed to describe the behavior among Chinese ovarian cancer patients with RAD51D germline mutations at our institution.MethodsNext-generation sequencing (NGS) was conducted for the entire coding regions and exon/intron boundaries of the RAD51D genes in 781 Chinese ovarian cancer patients treated at our institution from January 1, 2015 to August 1, 2021. Clinicopathological characteristics, treatment modalities, and outcomes were assessed for ovarian cancerpatients with RAD51D germline mutations.ResultsRAD51D germline pathogenic mutations were detected in 1.7% (13/781) of patients in this cohort. RAD51D c. 270_271dup (p. Lys91fs) mutation was the most common mutation which was found in 7 patients (7/13, 53.1%). Patients median age at diagnosis was 58 years (range: 45-69 years). 46.2% (6/13) of them were diagnosed after 60 years. Only 1 patient (1/13, 7.7%) had a family history of ovarian or breast cancer. And 1 patient (1/13, 7.7%) had a personal history of breast cancer. The FIGO 2014 distribution by stage was: stage II in 1 patient (7.7%), stage III in 9 patients (69.2%) and stage IV in 3 patient (23.1%). 92.3% (12/13) patients had high-grade serous carcinoma. 2 patients (2/13, 15.4%) had a primary peritoneal cancer. The majority of patients in the entire cohort were reported to be platinum sensitive (92.3%, 12/13) with a platinum-free interval (PFI) of > 6 months. For patients who received PARPis for 2ndline maintenance treatment (n=5), 2 patients discontinued PARPis treatment after 33.5 and 8.1 months of duration. Other 3 patients are still on therapy with a duration of 2.4, 13.8 and 30.1 months at the date of data cutoff. 1 patient received PARPi as salvage treatment with a duration of only 1.2 months. 9 patients (9/13, 69.2%) relapsed during follow up and all of them relapsed within 2 years after diagnosis, among which 88.9% (8/9) were classified as platinum-sensitive recurrence (PSR), and only 1 patient was classified as platinum-resistant recurrence (PRR). Median PFS for the entire cohort was 17.3 months. Median PFS for the PSR subgroup was 15.9 months. 2 patients died during follow-up. The OS of these 2 patients was 17.2 and 39.6 months. The 5-year OS rate was 67.5%.ConclusionsRAD51D germline mutations are more frequent in Chinese ovarian cancer patients than other population. Few patients have a family history of ovarian or breast cancer, and personal history of breast cancer. Most patients are diagnosed after 50 years and tend to be associated with particularly aggressive phenotype. The sensitivity to PARP inhibitors of patients with RAD51D germline mutations need a further analysis.
Real-time observation of the large polaron buildup in α-FAPbI3
Authors: Yue Xingyu , Wang Chunwei , Zhang Bo , Zhang Zeyu , Xiong Zhuang , Zu Xinzhi , Liu Zhengzheng , Hu Zhiping , Odunmbaku George , Sun Kuan , Du Juan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The formation of large polaron, i.e., the coupling process between the carrier and lattice, is considered to play a crucial role in benefiting the superior photoelectric performance of hybrid organic-inorganic halide perovskites (HIOPs). However, direct observation of the dynamical formation of large polarons occurring at time scales within hundreds of femtoseconds remains a technical challenge. Generally, to characterize the polarons in HIOPs, the detection of infrared active phonon modes resonating in the terahertz range is utilized to indicate the quasi equilibrium polarons. Here, we demonstrate the real-time observation of large polaron formation process in HIOPs by terahertz emission spectroscopy. Besides, the polaron peaked at 1THz (P1) corresponding to the carriers coupling with the inorganic sublattice vibration, the FA+ cation rotation mode related 0.45 THz polaron (P2) peak also conform to the anharmonic oscillator emission of the large polaron formation. Interestingly, with a photon excitation energy higher than 2.4eV, the relative intensity of P2 was observed to be larger than that of P1 due to the higher sub-conduction band being excited. This observation could evidence that hot carriers in HIOPs could provide a new route for polaron formation. Our results could provide new physical insight into the polaron formation dynamics and hence the long-range carrier transport in HIOPs.
Assessment of S-net seafloor pressure data quality in view of seafloor geodesy
Authors: Hino Ryota , Kubota Tatsuya , Chikasada Naotaka Y , Ohta Yusaku , Otsuka Hideto 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Long-term continuous observation of seafloor pressure is effective for detecting seafloor vertical deformations that are associated with transient tectonic phenomena such as slow slip events. Since the aseismic slip event prior to the 2011 Tohoku earthquake, several discoveries have been made with respect to spontaneous slow slip events and various other types of slow earthquake along the Japan and Kuril Trenches. The Seafloor observation network for earthquakes and tsunamis along the Japan Trench (S-net) is expected to provide invaluable information on slow slip activities via geodetic signals that are detected by pressure observation. This study inspects the quality of the S-net pressure data in view of seafloor geodesy by comparison with records obtained by more than 100 autonomous ocean bottom pressure recorders (OBPRs) deployed along the Japan Trench. OBPRs have long been standard tools in seafloor geodesy and the data collected is considered benchmark in terms of quality. Most of the S-net stations show noise levels that are considerably higher than those of the OBPRs over periods of more than 2 d. A strong correlation between pressure and temperature is thought to account for the long-term noise. In this study, the temperature-dependent fluctuation component was estimated by prediction filtering, and removed from the original data, leading to a significant reduction in the noise level at many stations, which reached levels almost equivalent to those of OBPRs at 51 stations. Although no significant pressure changes have been identified as associated with the 2018 Boso SSE or repeated tremor bursts in the northern Japan Trench thus far, these stations can be considered sufficiently sensitive to detect slow slip events occurring nearby.
Birth weight concerning obesity and diabetes gene expression in healthy infants; a case- control study
Authors: Cheshmeh Sahar , Nachvak Seyyed Mostafa , Mohammadi Arman , Erfanifar Azadeh , Bajelani Arezoo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Since obesity and diabetes are prevalent worldwide; identifying the factors affecting these two conditions can effectively alter them. We decided to investigate the expression of obesity and diabetes genes in infants with birth weight lower than 2500 g.
Methods: The current case-control study was performed on 215 healthy infants aged 5-6 months, referring to Kermanshah's health and treatment centers. After measuring the weight and height of the infant, the values were compared with the diagram of WHO to assure being healthy and well-grown and infants who were healthy, were selected to the study. 78 infants was in case group and 137 infants was in control group. 5 cc of intravenous blood was collected from all infants. Blood samples were collected in Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) coated vials to evaluate the expression of MC4R, MTNR1B, PTEN, ACACB, PPAR-γ, PPAR-α, (NRXN3 (NTRK2), (PCSK1), (A2BP1), (TMEM18), (LXR), (BDNF), (TCF7L2),(FTO) and (CPT1A) genes. The data was analyzed by Chi square, Mann-Whitney U and Spearman tests.
Results: a significant inverse correlation between birth weight and obesity and diabetes genes, including MTNR1B, NTRK2, PCSK1, and PTEN genes (r= -0.221, -0.235, -0.246, and -0.418, respectively). In addition, the LBW infant's expression level was significantly up-regulated than the normal weight infants (P= 0.001, 0.007, 0.001, and <0.001, respectively). The expression level of the PPAR-a gene had a significantly positive correlation with birth weight (r= 0.19, P= 0.005). The expression level of the PPAR-a gene in the normal weight infants was significantly up-regulated than the LBW infants (P= 0.049).
Conclusion: expression levels of MTNR1B, NTRK2, PCSK1, and PTEN genes were up-regulated in the LBW infants; however, the expression level of PPAR-a gene was significantly down-regulated in the LBW infants compared to the infants with normal birth weight.
Accuracy of a Time-of-Flight (ToF) Imaging System for Monitoring Deep-Inspiration Breath-Hold Radiotherapy (DIBH-RT) for Left Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Abubakar Auwal , Shaukat Shazril Imran , Karim Noor Khairiah A , Kassim Mohd Zakir , Appalanaido Gokula Kumar , Zin Hafiz 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Deep inspiration breath-hold radiotherapy (DIBH-RT) reduces cardiac dose by over 50%. However poor breath-hold reproducibility could result in target miss which compromises the treatment success. This study aimed to benchmark the accuracy of a Time-of-Flight (ToF) imaging system for monitoring breath-hold during DIBH-RT. The accuracy of an Argos P330 3D ToF camera (Bluetechnix, Austria) was evaluated for patient setup verification and intra-fraction monitoring among 13 DIBH-RT left breast cancer patients. The ToF imaging was performed simultaneously with in-room cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and electronic portal imaging device (EPID) imaging systems during patient setup and treatment delivery, respectively. Patient surface depths (PSD) during setup were extracted from the ToF and the CBCT images during free breathing (FB) and DIBH using MATLAB (MathWorks, Natick, MA) and the chest surface displacement (CSD) were compared. The mean difference ± standard deviation, correlation coefficient, and limit of agreement (LOA) between the CBCT and ToF were 2.88 ± 5.89 mm, 0.92, and -7.36, 1.60 mm, respectively. The breath-hold stability and reproducibility were estimated using the central lung depth (CLD) extracted from the EPID images during treatment and compared with the PSD from the ToF. The average correlation between ToF and EPID was -0.84. The average intra-field reproducibility for all the fields was within 2.70 mm. The average intra-fraction reproducibility and stability were 3.74 mm, and 0.80 mm, respectively. The study demonstrated the feasibility of using ToF camera for monitoring breath-hold during DIBH-RT and shows good breath-hold reproducibility and stability during the treatment delivery.
Inventory Management Practices: Implications on the Pharmaceuticals Expenditure of Rabies Vaccine in Public Health Facilities, Namibia
Authors: Shibabaw Alemnew Dessie , Nakambale Hilma N. , Bangalee Varsha 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
To achieve well-regulated distribution, storage, and utilization of rabies vaccine, health facilities should adhere to standard operating procedures. In Namibia, information on inventory management, utilization, monitoring and reporting of rabies vaccine adherence to standard operating procedures in public healthcare facilities is insufficient. The aim of this study was to assess adherence to rabies vaccine standard operating procedures and inventory management and, to compare rabies vaccine expenditure to the number of patients who received rabies vaccination at the Ministry of Health and Social Services public healthcare facilities from 2018–2020.
Methods
A cross-sectional, web-based questionnaire which consisted of closed-ended questions was sent to 147 pharmacy staff and warehouse managers working in the 14 regions of Namibia during the period of May 1, 2021 to June 2, 2021. The overall expenditure and the total number of patients vaccinated from 2018 to 2020 were obtained from national-level logistic and vaccination program coordinators. Data was coded and transcribed into Microsoft® Excel® 2013 and analysed using SPSS® version 27.
Results
One-hundred and thirty-three completed questionnaires were received from sixty-nine public health centres and hospitals. The group of respondents consisted of pharmacist assistants (50%), pharmacy technicians (12%), pharmacists (36.8%), senior pharmacists (0.8%) and chief pharmacists (1.5%). Overall, adherence to standard operating procedures was poor (27.1%). Rabies vaccine distributed to public health facilities from 2018 to 2020 was worth N$75,381,419.91 and was expected to vaccinate 87,269 patients, however, only 95 cases of both rabies cases and rabid dog-bite patients were reported. The major inventory management challenges for public healthcare facilities include inadequate number of pharmacy staff, poor adherence to standardized pharmaceutical warehousing, lack of regular supervision, and inadequate staff training.
Conclusion
Inventory management practices in public healthcare facilities were not in compliance with standard operating procedures. There is a significant discrepancy between rabies vaccine expenditure and the number of patients that were vaccinated. Therefore there is a need for adequate staff training on inventory management and regular facility supervision to enforce optimal rabies vaccine inventory management practices.
Mental health and cognitive outcomes in patients six months after testing positive compared with matched patients testing negative for COVID-19 in a non-hospitalized sample: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Ward Brooklyn , Edgar Nicole E. , Ahluwalia Chloe , Huang Eileen , Corsi Daniel , Colman Ian , Kaluzienski Mark , Orpana Heather , Hatcher Simon 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Most research on the psychiatric and cognitive outcomes of COVID-19 infection have been in patients who have been hospitalised, despite more than 95% of cases never being admitted to hospital. We aimed to determine the mental health and cognitive outcomes at six months of people who had not been hospitalized with COVID-19 and who had tested positive and negative for COVID-19 in Eastern Ontario.
Methods: Participants were matched 1:1 at the 6-month time point. Primary analyses compared COVID-positive with matched COVID-negative participants. In addition, within the COVID-19 positive population, we used an age and sex-adjusted logistic regression analysis to explore risk factors associated with depression, anxiety, and cognitive impairment.
Results: 324 participants were enrolled (n=162 per arm). 40.7% of those in the COVID-positive group were men, with an average age of 37.9 (SD 13.2) years of age. In the COVID-negative group 41.4% were men, with an average of 36.7 (SD 12.8) years of age. There were no statistically significant differences in mental health outcomes between the two groups. On cognitive testing, 21% of the COVID-positive participants and 14% of the COVID-negative participants scored below the cut off for significant cognitive impairment. Risk factors for poor mental and cognitive outcomes differed between the two groups.
Conclusion: In non-hospitalised patients who have tested positive for COVID-19 there is no evidence of an increase in mental health disorders compared to people who tested negative. Any increases in mental health disorders during the pandemic are probably the effect of social changes rather than an effect of the virus itself. The exception may be the cognitive changes in those who tested positive.
Recruiting and retaining community-based participants in a COVID-19 longitudinal cohort and social networks study: lessons from Victoria, Australia
Authors: Nguyen Thi , Thomas Alexander J. , Kerr Phoebe , Stewart Ashleigh C. , Wilkinson Anna Lee , Nguyen Long , Altermatt Aimée , Young Kathryn , Heath Katherine , Bowring Anna , Fletcher-Lartey Stephanie , Lusher Dean , Hill Sophie , Pedrana Alisa , Stoové Mark , Gibney Katherine , Hellard Margaret 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Longitudinal studies are critical to informing evolving responses to COVID-19 but can be hampered by attrition bias, which undermines their reliability for guiding policy and practice. We describe recruitment and retention in the Optimise Study, a longitudinal cohort and social networks study that aimed to inform public health and policy responses to COVID-19.
Methods: Optimise recruited adults residing in Victoria, Australia September 01 2020–September 30 2021. High-frequency follow-up data collection included nominating social networks for study participation and completing a follow-up survey and four follow-up diaries each month, plus additional surveys if they tested positive for COVID-19 or were a close contact. This study compared number recruited to a-priori targets as of September 30 2021, retention as of December 31 2021, comparing participants retained and not retained, and follow-up survey and diary completion October 2020–December 2021. Retained participants completed a follow-up survey or diary in each of the final three-months of their follow-up time. Attrition was defined by the number of participants not retained, divided by the number who completed a baseline survey by September 30 2021. Survey completion was calculated as the proportion of follow-up surveys or diaries sent to participants that were completed between October 2020–December 2021.
Results: At September 30 2021, 663 participants were recruited and at December 31 2021, 563 were retained giving an overall attrition of 15% (n=100/663). Among the 563 retained, survey completion was 90% (n=19,354/21,524) for follow-up diaries and 89% (n=4,936/5,560) for monthly follow-up surveys. Compared to participants not retained, those retained were older (t-test, p <0.001), and more likely to be female (χ2, p=0.001), and tertiary educated (χ2, p=0.018).
Conclusion: High levels of study retention and survey completion demonstrate a willingness to participate in a complex, longitudinal cohort study with high participant burden during a global pandemic. We believe comprehensive follow-up strategies, frequent dissemination of study findings to participants, and unique data collection systems have contributed to high levels of study retention.