bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Superstable homogeneous lipiodol–ICG formulation: initial feasibility and first-in-human clinical application for ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Xiong Yongfu , He Pan , Zhang Yang , Chen Hu , Peng Yisheng , He Peng , Tian Jie , Cheng Hongwei , Liu Gang , Li Jingdong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The most common treatment of spontaneous tumor rupture hemorrhage (STRH) is transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) followed by liver resection, and surgical navigation using near-infrared fluorescence is effective method for detecting hidden lesions and ill-defined tumor boundaries. However, due to the blockage of the tumor-supplying artery after effective TAE treatment, it is difficult to deliver sufficient fluorescent probes to the tumor region. In this study, we report on the successful application of superstable homogeneous intermixed formulation technology (SHIFT) in precise conversion hepatectomy for ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A homogeneous lipiodol–ICG formulation obtained by SHIFT (SHIFT-ICG) was developed for clinical practice for STRH. A ruptured HCC patient received the combined protocol for embolization and fluorescence surgical navigation and exhibited excellent hemostatic effect. Lipiodol and ICG were both effectively deposited in the primary lesion, including a small metastatic lesion. In follow-up laparoscopic hepatectomy, SHIFT-ICG could clearly and precisely image the full tumor regions and boundaries in real time, and even indistinguishable satellite lesions still expressed a remarkable fluorescence intensity. In conclusion, the simple and green SHIFT-ICG formulation can be effectively used in emergency embolization hemostasis and later precise fluorescence navigation hepatectomy in patients with ruptured HCC bleeding and has high clinical application value.
Inimical impact of high-fat diet on expression of heme oxygenase-1, trace metals content, and associated intestinal histopathology
Authors: Sheikh Nadeem , Shakeel Shakira , Akhtar Tasleem , Khawar Muhammad Babar 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA high-fat diet (HFD) is one of the most prominent causative factors for obesity and metabolic inflammation. The effects of HFD overconsumption on intestinal histology, expression of haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and transferrin receptor-2 (TFR2) remain elusive. The present study was conducted to analyze the effect of HFD on these parameters. To develop the HFD-induced obese model, rat colonies were divided into 3 groups; the control group was reared on normal rat chow, whereas groups I and II were given HFD for 16 weeks. Hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining revealed marked epithelial changes, inflammatory cell infiltrates, and destruction of mucosal architecture in both experimental groups as compared to the control group. Sudan Black B staining showed a high triglyceride deposition in the intestinal mucosa of animals fed on HFD. Atomic absorption spectroscopy revealed a decrease in tissue copper (Cu) and selenium (Se) concentration in both HFD experimental groups. Whereas the cobalt (Co) and manganese (Mn) levels were comparable to controls. The mRNA expression levels of HO-1 and TFR2 were found to be significantly upregulated in HFD groups compared to the control group. Hence, HFD consumption leads to histopathological changes and altered gene expression in the rodent intestine. So, one should remove HFD from daily meals to avoid related metabolic complications.
Traumatic Life Experience and Pain Sensitization
Authors: Nanavaty Namrata , Thompson Christopher G. , Meagher Mary W. , McCord Carly , Mathur Vani A. 
Published: December 2022

Objectives:
Psychological trauma often co-occurs with pain. This relationship has been explored using laboratory pain measures; however, findings have been mixed. Previous studies have limited operationalization of trauma (eg, posttraumatic stress disorder) or pain (eg, pain thresholds), which may contribute to conflicting results. Further, prior reviews likely underrepresent trauma experiences among people who are not receiving clinical care, limiting generalizability.

Materials and Methods:
We systematically reviewed the existing literature on the relationship between psychological trauma (eg, car accidents, sexual assault, childhood abuse, neglect) and laboratory pain (ie, quantitative sensory testing measures of pain threshold, intensity, summation, modulation), using inclusive criteria. The direction of the relationship between psychological trauma and pain sensitivity was evaluated, and moderation by purported pain mechanism (ie, pain detection, suprathreshold pain, central sensitization, inhibition) was explored.

Results:
Analyses were conducted using 48 studies that provided 147 effect sizes. A multivariate random-effects model with robust variance estimation resulted in a small but statistically significant overall effect size of g=0.24 (P=0.0002), reflecting a positive association between psychological trauma and enhanced laboratory pain sensitivity. Upon examination of mechanistic moderators, this relationship appears driven by effects on pain detection (g=0.28, P=0.002) and central sensitization (g=0.22, P=0.04). While effect sizes were similar across all moderators, effects on suprathreshold pain and inhibition were not statistically significant.

Discussion:
Findings demonstrate an overall pattern of trauma-related pain enhancement and point to central sensitization as a key underlying mechanism.
Major Publications in the Critical Care Pharmacotherapy Literature: 2021
Authors: Wieruszewski Patrick M. , Brickett Laura M. , Dayal Lokesh , Egan Ashley M. , Khanna Ashish K. , Lemieux Steven M. , Mukkera Satyanarayana R. , Patel Jaimini S. , Reichert Michael J. , Reynolds Tessa R. , Sen Parijat , Thornton Nathaniel M. , Turpin Gavin M. , Winter Jessica B. , Bissell Brittany D. 
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVES:
To summarize the most impactful articles relevant to the pharmacotherapy of critically ill adult patients published in 2021.

DATA SOURCE:
PubMed/MEDLINE.

STUDY SELECTION:
Randomized controlled trials, prospective studies, or systematic review/meta-analyses of adult critical care patients assessing a pharmacotherapeutic intervention and reporting clinical endpoints published between January 1, 2021, and December 31, 2021.

DATA EXTRACTION:
Candidate articles were organized by clinical domain based on the emerging themes from all studies. A modified Delphi process was applied to obtain consensus on the most impactful publication within each clinical domain based on overall contribution to scientific knowledge and novelty to the literature.

DATA SYNTHESIS:
The search revealed 830 articles, of which 766 were excluded leaving 64 candidate articles for the Delphi process. These 64 articles were organized by clinical domain including: emergency/neurology, cardiopulmonary, nephrology/fluids, infectious diseases, metabolic, immunomodulation, and nutrition/gastroenterology. Each domain required the a priori defined three Delphi rounds. The resultant most impactful articles from each domain included five randomized controlled trials and two systematic review/meta-analyses. Topics studied included sedation during mechanical ventilation, anticoagulation in COVID-19, extended infusion beta-lactams, interleukin-6 antagonists in COVID-19, balanced crystalloid resuscitation, vitamin C/thiamine/hydrocortisone in sepsis, and promotility agents during enteral feeding.

CONCLUSIONS:
This synoptic review provides a summary and perspective of the most impactful articles relevant to the pharmacotherapy of critically ill adults published in 2021.
Structural and Functional Brain Alterations in Populations with Familial Risk for Depression: A Narrative Review
Authors: Burhanoglu Birce Begum , Gonul Ali Saffet 
Published: December 2022

Learning objectives
After completing this activity, practitioners will be better able to:
• Discuss the association between brain alterations and vulnerability or resilience to MDD in people with familial risk
• Define how structural and functional brain alterations associated with vulnerability or resilience could lead to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of MDD

Aim
Familial history is associated with an increased risk for major depressive disorder (MDD). Despite the increased risk, some members of the familial high-risk population remain healthy, that is, resilient. Defining the structural and functional brain alterations associated with vulnerability or resilience could lead to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of MDD. This study aimed to review the current literature and discuss the association between brain alterations and vulnerability or resilience to MDD in people with familial risk.

Methods
A literature search on MRI studies investigating structural and functional alterations in populations at familial risk for MDD was performed using the PubMed and SCOPUS databases. The search was conducted through June 13, 2022.

Results
We reviewed and summarized the data of 72 articles (25 structural MRI, 35 functional MRI, 10 resting-state fMRI, one structural/functional MRI combined, and one structural/functional/resting-state fMRI combined). These findings suggested that resilience in high-risk individuals is related to the amygdala structure, frontal lobe activity, and functional connectivity between the amygdala and multiple frontal regions.

Conclusion
Resilient and vulnerable individuals exhibit structural and functional differences in multiple frontal and limbic regions. However, further systematic longitudinal research incorporating environmental factors is required to validate the current findings.
Correlative factor of death in patients with infected pancreatic necrosis after surgical intervention
Authors: Chen Yuhui , Liu Zhiwei , Cai Shouwang 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Acute pancreatitis (AP) was a potentially fatal disease with a variation in severity. Infected pancreatic necrosis was a common complication in AP which needed surgical intervention. The present study was to study the correlative factors of death in patients with infected pancreatic necrosis after surgical intervention.

Methods:
From January 2016 to October 2019, a total of 186 patients with infected pancreatic necrosis after surgical intervention in the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital were retrospectively enrolled in this study. Of the 186 patients, 22 who died in the hospital were defined as a mortality group and the others as a survival group. The clinical characteristic of the 2 groups was compared and the relative risk of mortality in patients with infected pancreatic necrosis after the surgical intervention was studied.

Results:
Acute fluid collection, acute kidney injury, acute lung injury, acute liver injury, multiple organ dysfunction syndromes, abdominal bleeding, abdominal Acinetobacter baumannii infection, pulmonary infection, pulmonary A baumannii infection, positive blood culture, A baumannii of blood culture, severe acute pancreatitis according to Atlanta 2012, the use of continuous renal replacement therapy, mechanical ventilation and minimally invasive retroperitoneal pancreatic necrosectomy was associated with death in hospital. Older age, longer acute kidney injury lasting time, longer acute lung injury lasting time, longer acute liver injury lasting time, and longer multiple organ dysfunction syndromes lasting time in predicting mortality in patients with infected pancreatic necrosis after surgical intervention were (0.635 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.512–0.758], P = .040), (0.877 [95% CI: 0.788–0.965], P = .000], (0.932 [95% CI: 0.897–0.968], P = .000), (0.822 [95% CI: 0.708–0.935], P = .000), and (0.943 [95% CI: 0.887–0.998], P = .000). Due to the small number of death cases, the results of the multivariate analyses were not available.

Conclusion:
In this single-center retrospective study of 186 cases of infected pancreas necrosis, the correlative factors of death are identified. The results warranted further strategies are needed especially focusing on elder patients to prevent blood infection and to protect the functions of vital organs.
Enterotypes of the human gut mycobiome
Authors: Lai Senying , Yan Yan , Pu Yanni , Lin Shuchun , Qiu Jian-Ge , Jiang Bing-Hua , Keller Marisa , Wang Mingyu , Bork Peer , Chen Wei-Hua , Zheng Yan , Zhao Xing-Ming 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe fungal component of the human gut microbiome, also known as the mycobiome, plays a vital role in intestinal ecology and human health. Here, we identify and characterize four mycobiome enterotypes using ITS profiling of 3,363 samples from 16 cohorts across three continents, including 572 newly profiled samples from China. These enterotypes exhibit stability across populations and geographical locations and significant correlation with bacterial enterotypes. Particularly, we notice that fungal enterotypes have a strong age preference, where the enterotype dominated byCandida(i.e., fun_C_E enterotype) is enriched in the elderly population and confers an increased risk of multiple diseases associated with compromised intestinal barrier. In addition, bidirectional mediation analysis reveals that the fungi-contributed aerobic respiration pathway associated with fun_C_E enterotype might mediate the association between the compromised intestinal barrier and aging.TeaserAs an integral part of the human gut microbiome, the fungi, which co-habit with prokaryotic microbiome in the gut, play important role in the intestinal ecology and human health. Yet, the overall structure of the human gut mycobiome and the inter-individual variation worldwide remain largely unclear.Laiet al. analyzed the fungal profiles of 3,363 samples from 16 cohorts across three continents, and identified four fungal enterotypes that exhibit stability across populations. They found that fungal enterotypes showed age preference, where aCandidadominated enterotype was enriched in the elderly population and confers an increased risk of multiple diseases and more severe compromised intestinal barrier. Furthermore, they determined one fungi-contributed aerobic respiration pathway could mediate the association between the compromised intestinal barrier and aging.
A Translational Tissue Engineering Approach to Airway Reconstruction Leveraging Decellularized Meniscus and Cartilage Progenitor Cells
Authors: Gehret Paul , Akbari Ghavimi Sohelia Ali , Dumas Alexandra , Borek Ryan C. , Aronson Matthew , Carpenter Kelsey , Jacobs Ian N. , Gottardi Riccardo 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTSevere subglottic stenosis develops in over 20,000 infants per year and requires laryngotracheal reconstruction (LTR) to enlarge the airway by implanting autologous cartilage from a rib graft. However, young children often lack sufficiently sized costal cartilage resulting in increased donor site morbidity and operative time, as well as an elevated risk for airway restenosis necessitating revision surgery. To overcome these limitations, we have created a first-of-its-kind scaffold based on porcine meniscal cartilage decellularization (MEND) by selectively digesting the elastin and blood vessels uniquely present in the meniscus to create microchannels that support cellular re-invasion. Here we demonstrated that MEND can be fully recellularized in 3 days with ear-derived cartilage progenitor cells (eCPCs) and reaches structural and functional maturation suitable for implant within 3 weeks of chondrogenic differentiation, a time frame compatible with clinical translation, a first in airway tissue engineering. To further this therapy toward clinical translation, we validated the eCPCs-MEND grafts in a New Zealand white rabbit LTR model. Our results demonstrated airway expansion, graft re-epitheliazation, neocartilage formation, and integration with adjacent native laryngotracheal cartilage, notably at a higher degree than the standard of care of autologous costal cartilage. No instances of adverse events of extrusion, granulation, infection, or calcification were observed in any of the 38 rabbits of our 3 months study. These results demonstrate the feasibility of our translational tissue engineering approach to laryngotracheal reconstruction and could overcome the autograft-associated limitations in pediatric patients and a decrease the risk of invasive revision surgery.
A High-resolution Haplotype-resolved Reference Panel Constructed from the China Kadoorie Biobank Study
Authors: Yu Canqing , Lan Xianmei , Tao Ye , Guo Yu , Sun Dianjianyi , Qian Puyi , Zhou Yuwen , Walters Robin , Li Linxuan , Millwood Iona , Zeng Jingyu , Pei Pei , Guo Ruidong , Du Huaidong , Yang Tao , Yang Ling , Yang Fan , Chen Yiping , Chen Fengzhen , Jiang Xiaosen , Ye Zhiqiang , Ren Fangyi , Dai Lanlan , Wei Xiaofeng , Xu Xun , Yang Huanming , Wang Jian , Chen Zhengming , Zhu Huanhuan , Lv Jun , Jin Xin , Li Liming 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPrecision medicine relies on high-accuracy individual-level genotype data. However, the whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is currently not suitable for studies with very large sample sizes due to budget constraints. It is particularly important to construct highly accurate haplotype reference panel for genotype imputation. In this study, we selected 9,950 individuals from the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) cohort and 50 Chinese samples from the 1000 Genome Project (1KGP) for medium-depth WGS to construct a CKB reference panel. The results of imputing microarray datasets showed that the CKB panel outperformed the extended high coverage 1KGP, TOPMed, ChinaMAP, and NuyWa panels in terms of both the number of well-imputed variants and imputation accuracy. In addition, we have completed the imputation of over 100,000 CKB microarray data with the CKB panel, and the after-imputed genotype data is the hitherto largest whole genome data of the Chinese population. Finally, we developed an online server for offering free genotype imputation service based on the CKB reference panel (https://db.cngb.org/imputation/). We believe that the constructed CKB reference panel is of great value for imputing microarray or low-depth genotype data of Chinese population. The imputation-completed 100,000 microarray data are fundamental resources of population genetic studies for complex traits and diseases in the Chinese population.
A dedicated hypothalamic oxytocin circuit controls aversive social learning
Authors: Osakada Takuya , Yan Rongzhen , Jiang Yiwen , Wei Dongyu , Tabuchi Rina , Dai Bing , Wang Xiaohan , Zhao Gavin , Wang Clara Xi , Tsien Richard W. , Mar Adam C. , Lin Dayu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo survive and thrive in a complex social group, it is essential to not only know who to approach but more importantly who to avoid. After a single defeat, mice learn to stay away from the winning aggressor for weeks. Here, we identify oxytocin neurons in the retrochiasmatic supraoptic nucleus (SOROXT) and oxytocin receptor expressing cells in the anterior subdivision of ventromedial hypothalamus, ventrolateral part (aVMHvlOXTR) as a key circuit motif for defeat-induced social avoidance learning. After defeat, aVMHvlOXTRcells drastically increase their responses to aggressor cues. This response change is functionally important as optogenetic activation of aVMHvlOXTRcells elicits time-locked social avoidance towards a benign social target whereas inactivating the cells suppresses defeat-induced social avoidance. Furthermore, OXTR in the aVMHvl is itself essential for the behavior change. Knocking out OXTR in the aVMHvl or antagonizing the receptor during defeat, but not during post-defeat social interaction, impairs defeat-induced social avoidance. aVMHvlOXTRreceives its private source of oxytocin from SOROXTcells, which are highly activated by the noxious somatosensory inputs associated with defeat. Oxytocin released from SOROXTdepolarizes aVMHvlOXTRcells and facilitates their synaptic potentiation, and hence, increases aVMHvlOXTRcell responses to aggressor cues. Ablating SOROXTcells impairs defeat-induced social avoidance learning whereas activating the cells promotes social avoidance after a subthreshold defeat experience. Altogether, our study reveals an essential role of SOROXT-aVMHvlOXTRcircuit in defeat-induced social learning and highlights the importance of brain oxytocin system in social plasticity.
Cultural transmission, competition for prey, and the evolution of cooperative hunting
Authors: Borofsky Talia , Feldman Marcus W. , Ram Yoav 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAlthough cooperative hunting (CH) is widespread among animals, its benefits are unclear. When rare, CH may allow predators to escape competition and access “big prey” (BP). However, a lone CH predator cannot such catch food. Cultural transmission may allow CH to spread fast enough that cooperators can find hunting partners, but competition for BP may increase. We construct a one-predator, two-prey model in which the predators either learn to hunt “small prey” (SP) alone, or learn to hunt BP cooperatively. The predators first learn vertically and then choose partners from which they learn horizontally with probabilityH. CH predators only catch the BP if their partner is cooperative. We find that without horizontal learning, CH cannot evolve when initially rare. Together, a high probability of horizontal learning and competition for the SP allow CH to evolve. However, CH can only fix in the predator population if the BP is very abundant. Furthermore, a mutant that increases horizontal learning can invade whenever CH is present but not fixed, because horizontal learning allows predators to match their strategies, avoiding the situation in which a cooperator cannot find a partner. While competition for prey is important for determining the degree of CH that evolves, it is not enough for CH to emerge and spread; horizontal cultural transmission is essential. Future models may explore factors that control how horizontal transmission influences cooperative predation, and vice versa. Lessons from our model may be useful in conservation efforts and wildlife reintroduction programs.
Estimating the transmission dynamics of Omicron in Beijing, November to December 2022
Authors: Leung Kathy , Lau Eric H. Y. , Wong Carlos K. H. , Leung Gabriel M. , Wu Joseph T. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe tracked the effective reproduction numberRtof SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BF.7 in Beijing in November – December 2022 by fitting a transmission dynamic model parameterized with real-time mobility data to (i) the daily number of new symptomatic cases on November 1-11 (when the zero-covid interventions were still strictly enforced) and (ii) the proportion of individuals who participated in online polls on December 10-22 and self-reported to have been previously test-positive since November 1. After the announcement of “20 measures”, we estimated thatRtincreased to 3.44 (95% CrI: 2.82 – 4.14) on November 18 and the infection incidence peaked on December 11. The cumulative infection attack rate (i.e. the proportion of population who have been infected since November 1) was 43.1% (95% CrI: 25.6 – 60.9) on December 14 and 75.7% (95% CrI: 60.7 – 84.4) on December 22. Surveillance programmes should be rapidly set up to monitor the evolving epidemiology and evolution of SARS-CoV-2 across China.