bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression of miR-4739 in Gastric cancer and its Relationship with Clinical Pathological Features of Patients
Authors: Wei Jiaxing , Li Jun , Geng Dong , Peng Yiling , Yang Bin , Wu Huixian , Zhou Yun 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the expression level of miR-4739 in gastric cancer (GC), analyze its diagnostic value in GC and the relationship with clinical pathological characteristics, and analyze its impact on the prognosis of patients.MethodsA total of 96 patients with GC who underwent radical gastrectomy in our hospital from March 2017 to June 2021 were selected. GC tissues from all patients were collected, and normal tissues adjacent to cancer were collected as controls. The expression level of miR-4739 in tissues was detected, the relationship between miR-4739 and different pathological features was analyzed, and the diagnostic value of miR-4739 in GC was analyzed. All patients were followed up after the operation, and the survival time of the patients was set as from the day of the first operation to 1 d when the patients died or the follow-up ended.ResultsThe relative expression level of miR-4739 in the GC tissue was (0.39 ± 0.06), lower than that in the paracancerous tissue (1.18 ± 0.19) (P &lt; 0.05). The AUC of miR-4739 in the diagnosis of GC was 0.705. When the Youden index was 0.320 and the optimal cutoff value was 0.37, the sensitivity was 95.30% and the specificity was 36.70%. The expression level of miR-4739 in our patient was related to the differentiation degree, lymph node metastasis, tumor diameter, and TNM stage (P &lt; 0.05). During the follow-up period, 26 of 96 patients died, and the survival rate was 72.92% (26/96). The median survival time was 29 months in the miR-4739 LE group, which was shorter than 39 months in the miR-4739 HE group (P &lt; 0.05). Univariate analysis showed that age, degree of differentiation, lymph node metastasis, tumor diameter, TNM staging, and miR-4739 expression were all related to the prognosis of the patient (P &lt; 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that differentiation degree, lymph node metastasis, tumor diameter, TNM staging, and miR-4739 expression were all independent factors affecting the prognosis of the patients (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe expression of miR-4739 in GC tissue was down-regulated, and its level was related to the degree of differentiation, lymph node metastasis, tumor diameter, and TNM stage. The expression level of miR-4739 has certain diagnostic value for patients with GC, and the prognosis of patients in LE group was worse than that in HE group.
Comparison of Real-Time PCR and Droplet Digital PCR for the Quantitative Detection of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum
Authors: Choi Chang-Hun , Kim Eiseul , Yang Seung-Min , Kim Da-Som , Suh Seung-Man , Lee Ga-Young , Kim Hae-Yeong 
Published: May 2022

Droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) is one of the newest and most promising tools providing absolute quantification of target DNA molecules. Despite its emerging applications in microorganisms, few studies reported its use for detecting lactic acid bacteria. This study evaluated the applicability of a ddPCR assay targeting molecular genes obtained from in silico analysis for detecting Lactiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum, a bacterium mainly used as a starter or responsible for fermentation in food. The performance characteristics of a ddPCR were compared to those of a quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). To compare the linearity and sensitivity of a qPCR and ddPCR, the calibration curve for a qPCR and the regression curve for a ddPCR were obtained using genomic DNA [102–108 colony-forming units (CFU)/mL] extracted from a pure culture and spiked food sample. Both the qPCR and ddPCR assays exhibited good linearity with a high coefficient of determination in the pure culture and spiked food sample (R2 ≥ 0.996). The ddPCR showed a 10-fold lower limit of detection, suggesting that a ddPCR is more sensitive than a qPCR. However, a ddPCR has limitations in the absolute quantitation of high bacterial concentrations (>106 CFU/mL). In conclusion, a ddPCR can be a reliable method for detecting and quantifying lactic acid bacteria in food.
Herbal Medicines against Hydatid Disease: A Systematic Review (2000–2021)
Authors: Alvi Mughees Aizaz , Khan Sadiq , Ali Rana Muhammad Athar , Qamar Warda , Saqib Muhammad , Faridi Noman Yousaf , Li Li , Fu Bao-Quan , Yan Hong-Bin , Jia Wan-Zhong 
Published: May 2022

Echinococcosis is a serious public health issue that affects people and livestock all over the world. Many synthetic and natural products have been examined in vitro and in vivo on Echinococcus species but only a few are used clinically, however, they may cause some complications and side effects. To overcome these limitations, new horizons of herbal drugs to cure echinococcosis are opening with every passing day. To summarize the developments during the last 21 years, we conducted this review of the literature to identify medicinal herbs utilized throughout the world that have anti-Echinococcus activity. From 2000 to 2021, data were carefully obtained from four English databases: Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, and OpenGrey. Botanical name, extraction technique, extract quantities, efficacy, duration of treatment, year of publication, and half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values were all well noted. Ninety-one published papers, with 78 in vitro and 15 in vivo, fulfilled our selection criteria. Fifty-eight different plant species were thoroughly tested against Echinococcus granulosus. Zataria multiflora, Nigella sativa, Berberis vulgaris, Zingiber officinale (ginger), and Allium sativum were the most often utilized anti-Echinococcus herbs and the leaves of the herbs were extensively used. The pooled value of IC50 was 61 (95% CI 60–61.9) according to the random effect model and a large degree of diversity among studies was observed. The current systematic study described the medicinal plants with anti-Echinococcus activity, which could be investigated in future experimental and clinical studies to identify their in vivo efficacy, lethal effects, and mechanisms of action.
Solitary as an Oyster: Understanding Ephemeral Values on their Contemporary Society through the Curmudgeon Characters of Fedrick Backman’s Ove and Charles Dickens’ Scrooge
Authors: Pramileeswari M 
Published: May 2022

This study is about analysing the curmudgeon personality of Ove and Scrooge and the reflection of their ephemeral values on their contemporary society, thereby highlighting the emotion of fatherhood as depicted by their characters. The study also focuses on the reasons that make these characters experience their self - inflicted loneliness. The two greying protagonists are featured in a humorous and heartwarming way. An emerging genre within this literature is the “geezer and grump lit”, as discussed by Swinnen (2019), a genre where older people are active protagonists, and while often portrayed as grumpy usually turn out to have a golden heart.
“Solitary as an Oyster”. This simile suggests the nature of a person who is tightly closed and will not open except by force. Like an oyster they don’t group. Charles Dickens uses this simile in his novel, A Christmas Carol in Stave-1. The author compares Ebenezer Scrooge to anoyster, saying that Scrooge was “Solitary as an oyster”. This comparison does not imply anything negative. Dickens uses this simile to highlight how Scrooge lived his life. On a similar platform, is the 59 year old widower and protagonist of Fredrick Backman’s A Man called Ove who bears so much resemblance. Ove is also grumpy, unfeeling and stoic is not necessarily a negative character in the story. Both Scrooge and Ove are curmudgeons in the society, the kind of people who point at people they dislike as if they were burglars caught outside their bedroom window. Both have staunch principles, strict routines, and a short fuse.
Weak Convex Domination in Hypercubes
Authors: Padmavathi SV , Krishnan K 
Published: May 2022

The n-cube Qn is the graph whose vertex set is the set of all n-dimensional Boolean vectors, two vertices being joined if and only if they differ in exactly one coordinate. The n-star graph Sn is a simple graph whose vertex set is the set of all n! permutations of {1, 2, · · · , n} and two vertices α and β are adjacent if and only if α(1)≠β(1) and α(i) ≠β(i) for exactly one i, i≠ 1.
In this paper we determine weak convex domination number for hypercubes. Also convex, weak convex, m - convex and l1-convex numbers of star and hypercube graphs are determined.
Trayectoria y contribuciones como ponentes en los Simposios de la Enseñanza de la Geografía en México (SEGM), 2004-2019
Authors: González-Pérez Raúl , Carreto-Bernal Fernando 
Published: May 2022

El propósito de la presente comunicación es dar a conocer los aportes como ponentes en el evento de mayor importancia en México para el análisis de la disciplina geográfica desde su función educativa denominado; Simposio de la Enseñanza en México (SEGM).

Con el apoyo del método de review para identificación de tendencias, se revisaron y analizaron los materiales considerados en las memorias de resúmenes del SEGM de los últimos eventos celebrados de 2004 a 2019 en los cuales se ha tenido participación en temáticas relativas a la presentación de libros, programas, prácticas de campo, reformas educativas y análisis curricular entre otros, enfocados a los niveles de Licenciatura y Nivel Medio Superior de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México.

Los resultados reflejan una actividad sostenida durante 15 años con 11 intervenciones en los últimos ocho eventos en el periodo comprendido del 2004 al 2019, con aportes derivadas de las indagaciones de las instituciones representadas por los ponentes como objetos de estudio y fuentes de obtención de datos, los resultados, se espera, puedan ser útiles para la mejora de los procesos académicos y las prácticas institucionales en la disciplina geográfica en diversos niveles educativos.
La estructura del trabajo se plantea en tres apartados; en el primero se hace referencia a la relación histórica de los 11 SEGM, para precisar el objeto de estudio y el propósito del análisis. En el segundo se desarrolla la caracterización de las ponencias presentadas por los autores en los últimos 15 años en los niveles educativos medio superior y superior, en el tercero y último el análisis de resultados en relación con las ponencias presentadas a través de los paradigmas temáticos, orientaciones disciplinarias y enfoques metodológicos.
Valentino Fioravanti i duet z opery „Echo w Lesie” Wojciecha Pękalskiego i Józefa Elsnera
Authors: Chachulski Jakub 
Published: May 2022

Jeden z sześciu numerów jednoaktowej opery Echo w lesie, dotychczas uznawanej za dzieło Józefa Elsnera, w rzeczywistości wykorzystuje muzykę duetu „Con un aria schizzinosa” z opery Il furbo contra il furbo Valentina Fioravantiego, w praktycznie niezmienionej postaci. Zapożyczenie, choć sygnalizowane na premierowym afiszu, dotąd nie zostało zidentyfikowane. Odkrycie to przekreśla niektóre tezy stawiane przeze mnie w artykule „Echo w lesie Józefa Elsnera i Wojciecha Pękalskiego – późny pogłos włoskiego intermezza na warszawskiej scenie narodowej?” (Muzyka 65 (2020) nr 2), choć zarazem dodaje nowe argumenty za uznaniem premierowego pochodzenia zachowanej partytury Echa.
Vías de comunicación coloniales en Veraguas, terrestre y marítima
Authors: Aguilar-Medina Sebastián Ariel 
Published: May 2022

Este trabajo analiza la creación, evolución y funciones de las vías de comunicación en la época colonial en el actual territorio que comprende la Provincia de Veraguas. Se realizó una clasificación en etapas cronológicas, partiendo desde la primera visita al territorio de la actual Provincia de Veraguas, por el almirante Cristóbal Colón en 1503 y luego la fundación de los poblados a partir de finales del Siglo XVI. Aquí se describen las conexiones terrestres y rutas marítimas utilizados en la época colonial, su importancia en la fundación y desarrollo de los poblados en las áreas estudiadas, el uso por el cual se crearon estas redes de comunicación y su estado actual. Para poder desarrollar el actual artículo, se analizaron una extensa documentación escrita, visita a los lugares, documentación gráfica, fotografías, planos inéditos, que fueron de gran ayuda para conocer estos elementos de estudio tan importante en la historia y la identidad de nuestro país, la Provincia, sus poblados y la sociedad veragüense. Se elabora una base de datos gráfica y una propuesta teórica, que pueden ser utilizada como material didáctico y para futuras investigaciones de profesionales, estudiantes y para el uso cultural de toda la población panameña y a nivel internacional. También se detalla las posibles causas por las cuales muchas de estas vías de comunicación han caído en abandono y desuso, además de algunas propuestas para su aprovechamiento desde el punto de vista turístico, cultural y teórico.
Symbolic number comparison and number priming do not rely on the same mechanism
Authors: Krajcsi Attila , Szűcs Tamás 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn elementary symbolic number processing, the comparison distance effect (in a comparison task, the task is more difficult with smaller numerical distance between the values) and the priming distance effect (in a number processing task, actual number is easier to process with a numerically close previous number) are two essential phenomena. While a dominant model, the approximate number system model, assumes that the two effects rely on the same mechanism, some other models, such as the discrete semantic system model, assume that the two effects are rooted in different generators. In a correlational study, here we investigate the relation of the two effects. Critically, the reliability of the effects is considered; therefore, a possible null result cannot be attributed to the attenuation of low reliability. The results showed no strong correlation between the two effects, even though appropriate reliabilities were provided. These results confirm the models of elementary number processing that assume distinct mechanisms behind number comparison and number priming.
Searches for Modulated γ-Ray Precursors to Compact Binary Mergers in Fermi-GBM Data
Authors: Stachie Cosmin , Dal Canton Tito , Christensen Nelson , Bizouard Marie-Anne , Briggs Michael , Burns Eric , Camp Jordan , Coughlin Michael 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
GW170817 is the only gravitational-wave event for which a confirmed γ-ray counterpart, GRB 170817A, has been detected. Here, we present a method to search for another type of γ-ray signal, a γ-ray burst precursor, associated with a compact binary merger. If emitted shortly before the coalescence, a high-energy electromagnetic (EM) flash travels through a highly dynamical and relativistic environment, created by the two compact objects orbiting each other. Thus, the EM signal arriving at an Earth observer could present a somewhat predictable time-dependent modulation. We describe a targeted search method for light curves exhibiting such a modulation, parameterized by the observer-frame component masses and binary merger time, using Fermi-GBM data. The sensitivity of the method is assessed based on simulated signals added to GBM data. The method is then applied to a selection of potentially interesting compact binary mergers detected during the second (O2) and third (O3) observing runs of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo. We find no significant modulated γ-ray precursor signal associated with any of the considered events.
Coevolution of Broad Emission Lines and X-Ray Spectrum in Changing-look AGNs
Authors: Liu Hao , Wu Qingwen , Lyu Bing 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Changing-look active galactic nuclei (CLAGNs) show the disappearance and reappearance of broad emission lines in a few years, which challenges the orientation-based AGN unification model. We reduce the X-ray data for five well-studied CLAGNs that show a strong change in broad emission lines in the past several decades. We find that the X-ray photon index, Γ, and the Eddington-scaled X-ray luminosity, L
2–10 keV/L
Edd, normally follow negative and positive correlations when the Eddington ratio is lower and higher than a critical value of ∼10−3. We find that the CLAGNs observed with broad Hβ emission lines stay in the positive part of the Γ–L
2–10 keV/L
Edd correlation, while the broad Hβ lines become weak or disappear in the anticorrelation part of the Γ–L
2–10 keV/L
Edd correlation, which suggests that the evolution of the broad lines should be correlated with the evolution of the underlying accretion process. We further find that the CLAGNs are consistent with the other different types of AGNs in the L
bol–L
bol/L
Edd correlation. These results support that the CLAGNs belong to a special stage of AGNs with a bolometric Eddington ratio ∼1%, where the broad emission lines are easily affected by the strong variation in ionization luminosity that is caused by the transition of accretion modes.
The GALAH Survey: A New Sample of Extremely Metal-poor Stars Using a Machine-learning Classification Algorithm
Authors: Hughes Arvind C. N. , Spitler Lee R. , Zucker Daniel B. , Nordlander Thomas , Simpson Jeffrey , Da Costa Gary S. , Ting Yuan-Sen , Li Chengyuan , Bland-Hawthorn Joss , Buder Sven , Casey Andrew R. , De Silva Gayandhi M. , D’Orazi Valentina , Freeman Ken C. , Hayden Michael R. , Kos Janez , Lewis Geraint F. , Lin Jane , Lind Karin , Martell Sarah L. , Schlesinger Katharine J. , Sharma Sanjib , Zwitter Tomaž ,   the GALAH Collaboration
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Extremely metal-poor (EMP) stars provide a valuable probe of early chemical enrichment in the Milky Way. Here we leverage a large sample of ∼600,000 high-resolution stellar spectra from the GALAH survey plus a machine-learning algorithm to find 54 candidates with estimated [Fe/H] ≤−3.0, six of which have [Fe/H] ≤−3.5. Our sample includes ∼20% main-sequence EMP candidates, unusually high for EMP star surveys. We find the magnitude-limited metallicity distribution function of our sample is consistent with previous work that used more complex selection criteria. The method we present has significant potential for application to the next generation of massive stellar spectroscopic surveys, which will expand the available spectroscopic data well into the millions of stars.
Polarization from Aligned Dust Grains in the β Pic Debris Disk
Authors: Hull Charles L. H. , Yang 杨 Haifeng 海峰 , Cortés Paulo C. , Dent William R. F. , Kral Quentin , Li Zhi-Yun , Le Gouellec Valentin J. M. , Hughes A. Meredith , Milli Julien , Teague Richard , Wyatt Mark C. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We present 870 μm Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array polarization observations of thermal dust emission from the iconic, edge-on debris disk β Pic. While the spatially resolved map does not exhibit detectable polarized dust emission, we detect polarization at the ∼3σ level when averaging the emission across the entire disk. The corresponding polarization fraction is P
frac = 0.51% ± 0.19%. The polarization position angle χ is aligned with the minor axis of the disk, as expected from models of dust grains aligned via radiative alignment torques (RAT) with respect to a toroidal magnetic field (B-RAT) or with respect to the anisotropy in the radiation field (k-RAT). When averaging the polarized emission across the outer versus inner thirds of the disk, we find that the polarization arises primarily from the SW third. We perform synthetic observations assuming grain alignment via both k-RAT and B-RAT. Both models produce polarization fractions close to our observed value when the emission is averaged across the entire disk. When we average the models in the inner versus outer thirds of the disk, we find that k-RAT is the likely mechanism producing the polarized emission in β Pic. A comparison of timescales relevant to grain alignment also yields the same conclusion. For dust grains with realistic aspect ratios (i.e., s > 1.1), our models imply low grain-alignment efficiencies.
A Framework for Characterizing Transmission Spectra of Exoplanets with Circumplanetary Rings
Authors: Ohno Kazumasa , Fortney Jonathan J. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Recent observations revealed that several extremely low-density exoplanets show featureless transmission spectra. While atmospheric aerosols are a promising explanation for both the low-density and featureless spectra, there is another attractive possibility: the presence of circumplanetary rings. Previous studies suggested that rings cause anomalously large transit radii. However, it remains poorly understood how rings affect the transmission spectrum. Here, we provide a framework to characterize the transmission spectra of ringed exoplanets. We develop an analytical prescription to include rings in the transmission spectra for arbitrarily viewing geometries. We also establish a simple postprocessing model that can include the ring’s effects on precomputed ring-free spectra. The ring flattens the transmission spectrum for a wide range of viewing geometries, consistent with the featureless spectra of extremely low-density exoplanets. Near-future observations by the James Webb Space Telescope at longer wavelengths would be able to distinguish the aerosol and ring scenarios. We also find that rocky rings might cause a silicate feature at ∼10 μm if the ring’s optical depth is around unity. Thus, the ring’s spectral features, if detected, would provide tight constrains on the physical properties of exoplanetary rings. We also discuss the ring’s stability and suggest that thick rings are sustainable only at the equilibrium temperature of ≲300 K for the ring’s age comparable to Kepler planets. This might indicate the intrinsic deficit of thick rings in the Kepler samples, unless rings are much younger than the planets as suggested for Saturn.
Decayless Oscillations in Solar Coronal Bright Points
Authors: Gao Yuhang , Tian Hui , Van Doorsselaere Tom , Chen Yajie 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Decayless kink oscillations of solar coronal loops (or decayless oscillations for short) have attracted great attention since their discovery. Coronal bright points (CBPs) are mini-active regions and consist of loops with a small size. However, decayless oscillations in CBPs have not been widely reported. In this study, we identified this kind of oscillations in some CBPs using 171 Å images taken by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory. After using the motion magnification algorithm to increase oscillation amplitudes, we made time–distance maps to identify the oscillatory signals. We also estimated the loop lengths and velocity amplitudes. We analyzed 23 CBPs and found 31 oscillation events in 16 of them. The oscillation periods range from 1 to 8 minutes (on average about 5 minutes), and the displacement amplitudes have an average value of 0.07 Mm. The average loop length and velocity amplitude are 23 Mm and 1.57 km s−1, respectively. Relationships between different oscillation parameters are also examined. Additionally, we performed a simple model to illustrate how these subpixel oscillation amplitudes (less than 0.4 Mm) could be detected. Results of the model confirm the reliability of our data processing methods. Our study shows for the first time that decayless oscillations are common in small-scale loops of CBPs. These oscillations allow for seismological diagnostics of the Alfvén speed and magnetic field strength in the corona.
Agroécologie
Authors: Delcourt Laurent 
Published: May 2022

L’idée de « révolution verte » a refait surface dans les débats internationaux sur l’agriculture et le développement. Car elle fait le jeu des transnationales de l’agrobusiness et exacerbe les pressions sur les ressources, cette stratégie est contestée par les partisans d’un autre modèle d’agriculture, qui soit à la fois durable, performant et socialement juste. Associée au concept de souveraineté alimentaire, l’agroécologie répond précisément à ce triple défi.