bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, Characterization, and 3D Printing of Silver Nanoparticles/Photopolymer Resin Composites
Authors: Ikram H , Al Rashid A , Koç M 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Recent advancements in the synthesis, functionalization, and processing of metal nanoparticles to enhance the properties of polymers have gained interest in the research community. Researchers have conducted several studies to exploit the extraordinary properties of metal nanoparticles, especially when mixed with polymers. This study investigates the adaptability of synthesized polymer resin nanocomposites, tailoring the physical and thermal properties of photopolymer resins with controlled dispersion of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for stereolithography (SLA) 3D printing (3DP). SLA resin composed of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) was altered with varying concentrations of AgNPs (0.2%, 0.5%, 2%) through ultrasonication and mechanical mixing. The synthesized photopolymer resin nanocomposites were optimized for 3DP process parameters (i.e., layer resolution, laser power, and exposure time) to 3D print the samples successfully for customized photopolymer resins. The 3D printed samples were then analyzed for thermal stability using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), while the viscosity variation was observed through a dynamic viscosimeter. It was concluded that optimization of 3DP process parameters is vital to achieving successful 3DP of metal nanoparticles reinforced photopolymer resins, which highly depends upon the physical properties of the resins. In addition, the introduction of AgNPs to photopolymer resins has considerably increased the thermal performance and heat flow characteristics.
Mathematical modelling for prediction of Young’s modulus in compositionally complex alloys
Authors: Nikaran K M , Sathiskumar R , Dharani R , Kovileeswaran C , Kumar D Naveen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A generic mathematical model-based bottom-up approach for high throughput materials development of compositionally complex alloys is established in this study. A general bottom-up technique, in contrast to a top-down approach, entails property selection, element screening, structure identification, and fabrication. The application is used to guide the property selection. The alloy design depends on the screening of contributing elements depending on the necessary property. The usage of mathematical models could help with element screening to meet the property requirement. The properties of the resulting compound alloys may be determined by the attributes of compositionally complex alloys. As a result, developing a model that links the needed attribute to the most important aspects of compositionally complex alloys is critical. The Young’s modulus, which is the considered attribute, is predicted using a predictive mathematical modelling approach based on its relationship with the features: valence electron concentration and average melting temperature. Monte Carlo Simulation is also used to discover the optimum feasible composition in order to improve Young’s modulus.
Creep curve modelling of Austenitic Steel 316LN
Authors: Kumar Nilesh , Yadav Surya D. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Physical based creep models that elucidate the creep deformation behaviour with ongoing microstructural evolution can be a useful tool for the components life assessment as well as the design of improved materials, deployed at high temperature and pressure. In this research work, a creep model that is a combination of physical based model and CDM approach is employed to predict the creep curves of steel 316LN. The microstructure based variables those are different dislocation densities (mobile and forest) are the input parameters. The model provides a provision for the assessment of each microstructural variable, in each time step of the creep deformation. Consequently, other than creep curves, the model also demonstrates the evolution of dislocation density (mobile and forest), dislocation velocity, dislocation mobility and mean free path. Initial values of input parameters (various dislocation densities and mean free path) are obtained from the literature for initializing the model. It can be observed that the predicted creep curves are in reasonable agreement with experimental ones and the evolution of other involved parameters is discussed thoroughly.
Finite Element Analysis of Impression Creep on P91
Authors: Teja Vishnu , Bedi Raman , Kumar Manoj 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Impression creep is a versatile technique that is used nowadays for studying the creep deformation of different materials and there is no tertiary stage in this method; it's a non-destructive process. The present work deals with finite element analysis of plastic deformation corresponding to the impression creep deformation of P91 steel. In the FE model, a 3D deformable body is used as a specimen along with a rigid hollow cylindrical indenter with a 0.07 fillet. The effect of sizes of the specimen and indenter was studied, the diameter of the specimen was changed from 10mm,15mm, and 20mm whereas the indenter diameter was changed from 1mm,1.5mm, and 2mm respectively. Moreover, it was found that when punch diameter is increased the induced stress is reduced. It is observed that there is no effect on the diameter of the specimen, however, when the diameter of the indenter is increased from 1mm to 1.5mm and 1.5mm to 2mm, induced stress is reduced by approximately 10% and 20%, respectively. The simulation was run for 100 hours. Furthermore, the optimum distance between two impressions in P91 steel was studied and the distance between two indenters was altered from 10mm,8mm,6mm and 4mm respectively with the same loading and boundary conditions, and the same mesh size. It was observed that for P91 there is no contact between two deformations at 4mm.For P91 steel we can perform two impression creep tests from 4mm apart.
Synthesis and Characterization of Manganese dioxide Agglomerated Nanoparticles for Supercapacitor Application
Authors: Kumar Prabhat , Kaur Jaspinder , Tiwari Anurag Kumar 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanoflakes were effectively produced at ambient temperature using a solution technique. The SEM, XRD, BET, and electrochemical tests were used to investigate the characteristics of the produced materials (MnO2). The XRD pattern of the manganese oxide sample obtained reveals that it possesses crystal structure. The morphology was examined using a scanning electron microscope image, which confirmed the development of nanoflakes in the 70-100 nm diameter range. The higher specific capacitance achieves 200 Fg-1 at current density and at scan rate of 0.5 A/g and 5 mv/s respectively. For the highest specific capacitance, the obtained value of power density and energy density are of 257.14 w/kg and 25 w.h/kg respectively.
Structural and functional study of fluorescent carbon dots synthesized from lemon-peel via one step microwave irradiation method
Authors: Singh Lovepreet , Kishore Kunal , Singh Vishal 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In the current research work, green synthesis of Carbon Dots (CDs) from lemon peels via one step microwave irradiation method has been reported. The synthesis technique for CDs is environmental friendly and economical. Green synthesized fluorescent CDs showed high quantum yield of 16.9% obtained from Photo-luminescent (PL) analysis. Structural and functional properties of CDs have been carefully studied with the help of different spectroscopic techniques such as UV-Vis, FT-IR, XPS and XRD. CDs were comprised of sun-flower like morphology with an average size of 20.5 nm. CDs were found to be amorphous in nature. The effect of pH and ionic strength on the synthesized CDs was also explored. All the studies indicate that green CDs can have potential applications in novel biological and opto-electronic devices.
Molecular dynamics simulation of graphene-oxide/natural rubber composites
Authors: Srivastava Aviral , Sharma Sumit 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Molecular dynamics modelling was used to calculate the improved mechanical characteristics of graphene oxide (GO) reinforced natural rubber (NR) composites at the molecular level. The mechanical characteristics of constructed structures are calculated using the constant strain approach. After creating composites of GO/NR with different volume fractions of GO calculations for mechanical properties have been done. The incorporation of graphene oxide to the NR matrix at 3.5 percent and 7.5 percent vol fraction results in a considerable improvement in Young's, bulk and shear modulus, and overall mechanical characteristics.
Piezoelectric Cantilever Sensor Design with Improved Sensing and Self-actuation performance
Authors: Chauhan Shivanku , Ansari Mohd. Zahid 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This work aims to improve the sensing and self-actuation performance of a piezoelectric cantilever sensor. Firstly the performance of a rectangular piezoelectric cantilever sensor (M1 model) is analysed for its resonant frequency as well as the deflection and the voltage generation in response to a particular stimulus. Further the profile of the cantilever is modified by providing the holes on its profile at different location (M2 and M3 model) for better performance. M2 model provides better deflection and voltage generation compared to the base model M1 but with the reduced resonant frequency. M3 model is found best from the point of view of resonant frequency, higher deflection and corresponding higher voltage generation in response to a particular stimulus.
A molecular dynamics study of adhesion of polyvinyl-chloride coatings to the aluminum surface
Authors: Sharma Amit , Sharma Sumit 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Metal polymer interaction are difficult to measure experimentally, hence MD simulations are helpful in such problems to provide the vital information. Polyvinyl chloride is widely used in engineering applications due to its chemical and thermal stability and its barrier properties due to the C-Cl polar bond. Aluminum is also widely used in engineering structures as well as food and pharmaceutical packaging. Hence interaction or bonding between PVC and Al2O3 is studied using MD simulations and interaction energy is calculated at different temperature to check the influence of temperature on adhesion between the two. The higher the absolute magnitude of interaction energy, the stronger the adhesion or bonding between metal and polymer. It was revealed that for the case of PVC coating on Al2O3 the adhesion energy increases as temperature rises.
Structural phase transitions and elastic properties of TiO2 polymorphs: Ab-initio study
Authors: Basavaraj K. , Nyayban Anupriya , Panda Subhasis 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
TiO2 has tremendously drawn the attention of researchers from the photocatalytic to photovoltaic groups. To explore further avenues of applications, it is important to understand various properties and the phase transformations of TiO2 polymorphs at ambient conditions. The detailed study on the phase transitions (pressure induced) of the low-pressure polymorphs (rutile, anatase, brookite and columbite) of TiO2 is surprisingly missing in the literature. In view of the above, we have carried out ab-initio calculations on these four polymorphs of TiO2 using full potential linearized augmented plane wave [FP-LAPW] method to study the structural phase transitions and elastic properties. The transition pressures at 0 K among anatase (A), rutile (R), brookite (B) and columbite (C) are found out to be -2.4 GPa (A-B), 5.3 GPa (A-R), 5.7 GPa (A-C), 8.7 GPa (R-C), 10.7 GPa (B-C) and 11.6 GPa (B-R) respectively. The elastic properties at P = 0 GPa are examined through computation of elastic constants for all polymorphs. All the polymorphs are found to be mechanically stable. The anisotropy in shear moduli and directional dependence of Young's modulus are also investigated for all the polymorphs.
Vibration response of shear deformable functionally graded material plate with parabolic variable thickness
Authors: Kumar V. , Singh S. J. , Saran V. H. , Harsha S. P. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This work presents the semi-analytical solution of vibration response for functionally graded materials (FGM) plates with bi-linear and parabolic variable thickness. Continuous thickness variation may affect the design of plate structure which permits to modify the stiffness properties in the utmost stressed area within the domain, considering the overall weight parameter of the structure. As a result, a better dynamic response may be revealed. The first order shear deformation theory (FSDT) has been applied for a kinematic model of the variable thick plate. The material properties were calculated by the simple power law. Accuracy of this model is confirmed by various comparisons with outcomes available in the preceding literature. Frequency factor of the plates with boundary conditions are found by changing the various parameter like material volume exponent, aspect ratio, tapered ratio and thickness ratio.
Effect of different types of nanoparticles on thermophysical properties of water based hybrid nanofluids
Authors: Rajiv  , Kumar Hemant , Sokhal Gurpreet Singh 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Cooling of micro-electro-mechanical components is the requirement of many industries in today's era. Fluids that are used for the cooling of micro components have low thermal conductivity (k) which is the major limitation that leads to a low heat transfer rate. To overcome such issues, nanofluids come into the picture which plays a vibrant role to raise the heat transfer rate. The suspension of nanoparticles (size below 100nm) into host fluids (oil, ethylene glycol (EG), and water) is used to prepare nanofluids. To understand the basic importance of nanofluids, the thermophysical characteristics of nanofluids have to be studied. Transport (viscosity and density) and thermal (k and specific heat) properties at different temperatures and volume (vol.) concentrations are studied. Hybrid nanofluids (hnf) are important to study for further improvement of heat transfer and also to stabilize the pressure drop. Aluminium oxide (Al2O3,) Copper oxide (CuO) and hybrid (Al2O3:CuO) (40:60) nanoparticles has been taken for the preparation of nanofluids in this present experimentation.
AC conductivity and modulus studies on (1-x)β-PbF2:xCeO2 composite solid electrolytes
Authors: Govinda Reddy Y , Chandrasekhar M , Sadananda Chary A , Narender Reddy S 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Cubic Lead fluoride [β-PbF2] composite solid electrolyte systems are prepared by dispersing nano CeO2 (< 100nm) in different mol% (5, 10, 15, 20, 25) through the mechanical milling method. XRD and FTIR (ATR method) studies confirm that these are formed in two-phase systems. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of dispersed systems showed a change in surface morphology with respect to the host. Complex impedance spectroscopy is employed in the frequency range 0.5 to 10 MHz by varying temperatures from 30 to 350°C to study the electric and dielectric properties. Analysis of impedance and modulus spectra revealed the non-Debye nature of these composites. Conductivity measurements on these composites suggest that the frequency exponent (n) in Jonscher’s power law is found to be temperature dependent. The overlapping large polaron tunneling (OLPT) model could be suggested as a suitable hopping mechanism. The variation of the ‘β’ value obtained from the Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts (KWW) function shows a similar variation of ‘n’ in the Jonscher’s power law with temperature.
Finite element modeling of fatigue properties of polymer nanocomposites
Authors: Yadav Vinay Kumar , Shukla Dharmendra Kumar , Verma Neeraj 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a 3-dimensional finite element modeling of fatigue properties of polymer nanocomposites with a Representative Volume Element (RVE) approach using ANSYS. Epoxy was used as a matrix, and alumina nanoparticles of spherical shape (diameter 33 nm) were used as reinforcement. Convergence analysis was conducted to select the proper size of RVE. A geometric model of a flat dog bone specimen was created to model the fatigue properties. MATLAB code was used to generate randomly distributed nanoparticles. The sample was loaded in uniaxial tension-tension fatigue loading with a stress ratio of 0.1. S-N data for epoxy and alumina were given as input to determine the fatigue life of polymer nanocomposites. The results obtained from modeling were compared with experimental data. The fatigue life was determined by taking the average life at five different locations in the gauge region for a sample. The average of five different samples was calculated for each wt.% (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5). Reinforcement of nanoparticles up to 1 wt.% caused an increment in the fatigue life of nanocomposites, and fatigue life decreased at 1.5 wt.% of nanoparticles. The finite element modeling was able to predict the trend of improvement provided by the alumina nanoparticles (similar to experimental data).
Optimisation of Slurry Compositions for Improving the Mechanical Properties of Low Temperature Co-Fired Ceramic (LTCC) Tapes
Authors: Aishwarya K P , Darve Rohan , Gadde Janardhan Rao , Kale Hrithik , Hawaldar Ranjit , Giramkar Vijaya , Kashid Ranjit , Joseph Shany 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In the era of miniaturization and hybridization, the quest for novel materials for multilayer packaging had been increased. The multilayer packaging includes High Temperature Co-Fired Ceramics (HTCC), LTCC and ULTCC. LTCC which is the mixture of ceramic and glass (which reduces the firing temperature of ceramics) has attracted many researchers due to its lower firing temperature(<900°C). Due to this lower sintering temperature, it can be cofired with the low resistance metals like Ag and Au which increases its value in multilayer packaging field. The standard package fabrication process uses LTCC in the form of tapes. Each layer can be processed separately for punching, via filling and Screen printing and then stacked, laminated and sintered to get a multilayer package. The green sheet of LTCC should have sufficient adhesion to carrier film as well as mechanical properties to withstand the fabrication processes that it undergoes. These properties are mainly affected by the organic compositions used in the slurry preparation. The tape casting slurry was prepared by blending the LTCC powder with solvents, dispersants and binders for a predefined time in ball mill. The as prepared slurry was casted on a Mylar sheet in a continuous tape caster for varied thickness. The present study aims at reporting the effect of plasticizers and binders on the adhesion and mechanical properties of the tape. The starting material which was the mixture of Cordierite and Anorthite based recrystallizable glass was prepared through solid-state method. The powder was then characterised for its phase purity, microstructure and elemental compositions using XRD, FESEM and EDAX. The green tapes were characterised for its thickness, uniformity, green and sintered density, surface defects such as pinholes and cracks, adhesion and tensile strength. The dielectric properties as well as thermal properties are also evaluated. The results are reported.
Predicted Tensile Properties of Natural Fibre Reinforced Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Composites Comparison of Experimental and Standard Equations
Authors: Kumar Piyush , Palsule Sanjay 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Natural fibre (NF) reinforced acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) composites (NF/ABS) have many applications that are governed by their mechanical properties, and in particular, by their tensile properties. This study exhibits the comparison of the literature reported measured tensile strength and tensile modulus values of some natural fibre reinforced ABS composites with the values predicted by the following equations: Rule and Inverse Rule of Mixtures and Halpin-Tsai, Nielsen, Hirsch and Palsule equations and evaluates the applicability of these equations for the natural fibre reinforced ABS composites.
Structural insights into some sterically demanding heterocyclic β-diketones: Optimized molecular structure, optimized energy, stability and Mulliken charge distribution based on DFT analysis
Authors: Budania Suchitra , Saxena Sanjiv , Jain Asha 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Density functional theory is a quantum chemical theory based computational tool for theoretical analysis of molecular structures and electronic properties of organic compounds and new materials. The present synergistic investigation between experimental spectroscopic data and theoretical data is focused to gain structural insights and to study the optimized molecular structures, optimized energies, stabilities and Mulliken charge distribution based on DFT analysis of some sterically demanding heterocyclic β-diketones. The B3LYP functionals with 6-31G* basis set was used for calculations in gas phase as well as in polar and nonpolar solvents. The experimental spectroscopic data (1H and 13C NMR) of sterically demanding heterocyclic β-diketones were compared with the corresponding theoretical data (in gas phase and polar solvent). There was a synergy between experimental spectroscopic data and theoretical data of these organic compounds. The atomic charges at all the atoms were calculated to ascertain the electrophilic and nucleophilic centres in these compounds. Global reactivity descriptors have also been calculated from the energies of frontier molecular orbitals (HOMO-LUMO energy values). The presence of various groups such as -CH3, -CH2CH3, - C6H5 and p-ClC6H4- in these compounds provided an opportunity to examine the steric and electronic effects of these groups on the stability, optimized energy, Mulliken charge distribution and spectroscopic properties of these sterically demanding heterocyclic β-diketones.
Bio-inspired shape morphing soft magnetic locomotion actuators - a novel method of preparation and testing
Authors: Chand Dharmi , Srinivasan Sivakumar M 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Soft magnetic materials have drawn the attention of researchers worldwide due to their field response actuation, reversible shape morphing capability, remote controllability, an extensive penetration range in numerous circumstances, and diverse applications in the field of engineering, robotics, and medical science. The fabrication and programming of these actuators have been difficult, expensive, and complex, specifically in generating locomotion. This work aims at achieving the kinetic locomotion in actuators inspired by the caterpillar, inchworm, and centipede using a very simplistic approach. To achieve this, a programming technique has been developed through which a magnetic elastomer can be programmed on the curing bed to mimic the motion of the organisms mentioned above. The Carbonyl Iron (CI) particles dispersed in a viscous thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) solution are cured under a magnetic field generated using a rotating permanent magnet. In the presence of a magnetic field, the magnetic particles tend to align in the direction of the magnetic field in the matrix. After curing, the actuator has an initial shape that changes to the programmed shape upon applying the magnetic field. The change in shape depends on the intensity of the magnetic field, i.e. if the magnetic field during programming was 0.5 T, then to achieve the programmed shape, we need to maintain the field value greater than or equal to 0.5 T. At the lower field values, the change in shape is slow. Thus, locomotion of the sample has been achieved by controlling the magnetic field intensity.