bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crowning, rotating, and emanating hierophanies with elevatio aspect in wayside shrines
Authors: Haładewicz-Grzelak Małgorzata 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
My aim in this paper is to investigate the variants of directionality implied in visual hieratic texts as religious markers in the sacrosphere, which are substantially expressed in the form of a wayside shrine/cross. The methodological underpinnings for this project rely on the proposed semiotactics (cf. Haładewicz-Grzelak): the investigative perspective modeled after phonotactics – a branch of phonology investigating the restrictions on and the possibilities of phoneme combinations in languages (cf. Dziubalska-Kołaczyk 2011). The study draws on digital documentation of wayside shrines, crosses, and sacrality markers on houses collected by the author in various European countries (2009–2021), focusing in particular on the material collected in the area of present Slovakia, Ukraine, Austria, Slovenia, and the region of the Beskid Mountains in Poland. It shows how bodily hexis is inscribed into the phenomenology of a wayside shrine through particular types of hierophanic dynamics. The study also focuses on the aspect of headedness and markedness in the nano-structure of a sign, surfacing as directionality in the conceptualization of the religious sphere by particular communities.
The visual gamut and syntactic abstraction
Authors: Skaggs Steven 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Charles S. Peirce’s second trichotomy, which introduces the concepts of iconicity, indexicality, and symbolicity, is probably the only piece of his semiotic that is familiar to visual artists and designers. Although the concepts have found their way into the academy, their utility in the field has been reduced for a couple of reasons. First, as with all of Peirce’s philosophy, his second trichotomy is a concept that is subtle, fluid, and difficult to fully grasp in a sound bite. Second, there has simply been no bridge concept that would form a working connection between that philosophy in its logical guise and the studio practice in the visual arts. The purpose of this article is to remedy that situation by investigating the subtle ways the second trichotomy functions within the visual sphere, and to then suggest a model that can serve to bridge the divide between pure theory and practice. The article makes four main points: first, using examples from visual identity and the graphic arts, it demonstrates how the modes of icon, index, and symbol tend to be blended; second, examples from fine art are used to illustrate how the concept of abstraction, as used in the art world, can only be partially accounted for within the second trichotomy, but can be modeled by supplying a syntactical supplement; third, it expands on and elaborates a previously sketched model, the visual gamut, which makes it possible to classify visual entities according to their position within a map of semantic and syntactic space; finally, it concludes by suggesting ways this enhanced version of the visual gamut model might be used in the analysis of, or creation of, art and design, presenting suggestions for further study.
Most common cardiovascular diseases of the elderly – A review article
Authors: Gadó K. , Szabo A. , Markovics D. , Virág A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Number of people over 65 years is continuously increasing and represents an ever growing proportion of population even in Hungary. Medical treatment of the elderly implies a massive burden for the healthcare system. Special knowledge is required to provide an appropriate medical care for the elderly. During the ageing process, several changes accumulate in the body and several chronic diseases develop. Function of parenchymal organs is impaired, healing process is slower, clinical manifestations of diseases are not so prominent, the diagnosis is often difficult to establish. Moreover, treatment possibilities also differ, because pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs are different from that of young patients. Communication with older patients is also cumbersome, participation of a relative or caregiver at consultation can be useful. Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death of adults over the age of 65. Among these diseases congestive heart failure, coronary artery diseases, hypertension, atrial fibrillation have the greatest significance.
Engagement during pandemic teaching: Report of the EAAI‐21 Panel on Teaching Online and Blended AI Courses
Authors: Wollowski Michael 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThree panelists, Ashok Goel, Ansaf Salleb‐Aouissi and Mehran Sahami explain some of the tools and techniques they used to keep their students engaged during virtual instruction. The techniques include the desire to take one's passion for the learning materials to the virtual classroom, to ensure teacher presence, provide for cognitive engagement with the subject and facilitate social interactions. Finally, we learn about tools used to manage a large online course so as to move the many active learning exercises to the virtual classroom.
Notes on the stingless bee genera <i>Scaura</i> and <i>Geotrigona</i> (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Authors: Engel Michael S. 
Published: January 2022

Brief notes are presented on the classifications of Scaura Schwarz and Geotrigona Moure. A new subgeneric system is proposed for Scaura in which three subgenera are recognized: Scaura Schwarz, s.str.; Scauracea Engel, new subgenus; Schwarzula Moure. Likewise, a new subgenus is proposed in Geotrigona as Chthonotrigona Engel, new subgenus.
AKUT AŞİL TENDON RÜPTÜR TEDAVİSİNDE MİNİ-AÇIK VE PERKÜTAN TAMİR YÖNTEMLERİNİN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: İNCİ Fatih , YAVUZ İbrahim Alper 
Published: January 2022

Amaç
Akut aşil tendon rüptürü (ATR) tedavisi halen tartışmalı
bir konudur. Geleneksel açık cerrahi tedaviye
göre daha düşük re-rüptür oranları ve daha az yara
yeri sorunları gözlenmesi nedeniyle akut ATR’nin mini-
açık ve perkütan olarak uygulanan minimal invaziv
tekniklerle tedavisi daha iyi bir seçenektir. Bu teknikler
ile başarılı sonuçlar alınmasına rağmen, sural sinir
yaralanması bu tekniklerin en önemli komplikasyonudur.
Bu çalışmada, akut ATR tedavisinde kullanılan
minimal invaziv tekniklerin (mini-açık ve perkütan
tamir) klinik sonuçlarının ve komplikasyon oranlarının
karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem
016-2019 yılları arasında akut ATR’si minimal invaziv
yöntemler ile tamir edilen toplam 42 hasta çalışmaya
alınmıştır. Hastalar, cerrahi kesiden tendon uçlarının
gözlenebildiği mini-açık tamir grubu (Grup 1, n=22) ve
gözlenemediği perkütan tamir grubu (Grup 2, n=20)
olmak üzere 2 gruba ayrıldı. Klinik değerlendirme için
AOFAS skoru, ayak bileği plantar fleksiyon ve dorsifleksiyon
açıları, işe ve spora geri dönüş süreleri
kullanıldı. Cerrahi sonrası komplikasyonlar ise minör
(tekrar cerrahi gerektirmeyen) ve majör (tekrar cerrahi
gerektiren) komplikasyonlar olmak üzere iki kategoriye
ayrıldı. Gruplar fonksiyonel sonuçlar ve komplikasyonlar
açısından karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular
Hastaların ortalama yaşı 40,30±5,56 (23-50) olarak
bulundu. Gruplar arasında yaş, cinsiyet, ameliyata
kadar geçen süre, ameliyat süresi, takip süresi açısından
istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunamadı
(hepsi için p>0.05). Hastaların ameliyat sonrası ikinci
yıl fonksiyonel sonuçları ile işe ve spora dönüş süreleri
açısından gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı
bir fark bulunamadı (hepsi için p>0.05). Mini-açık
grupta 2 hastada ve perkütan tamir grubunda 3
hastada minör komplikasyon gözlendi. Sural nöropati
perkütan tamir sonrası 3 (%15) hastada görülürken,
mini-açık tamir sonrası hiçbir hastada görülmedi. Her
iki grubun birer hastasında tekrar ameliyat gerektiren
major komplikasyon görüldü. Gruplar arasında hem
minör hem majör komplikasyonlar açısından istatistiksel
anlamlı fark bulunamadı (sırasıyla p=0,566 ve
p=0,947).
Sonuç
Akut ATR’nin mini-açık veya perkütan tamirle tedavisinin
fonksiyonel sonuçları ve komplikasyonları benzerdir.
Daha düşük sural sinir yaralanma riski olması
nedeniyle mini-açık tamir yöntemi daha avantajlı olabilmektedir.
THE OUTCOME PREDICTION USING NON-CONTRAST COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY SCAN AND COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY SCAN IN ACUTE HEMORRHAGIC STROKE
Authors: Rauf Yasir , Al-Bajalan Sarwer , Kurmanji Mohamad 
Published: January 2022

Background
Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) outcome depends on hematoma volume, location, and expansion.
Objectives
To assess the validity of neuroimaging signs for predicting the prognosis of patients with acute ICH in our population.
Patients and Methods
A prospective cohort study was performed on 90 patients with acute ICH admitted to Shar Hospital from March to October 2019. Inclusion criteria were ages of ≥18 years and spontaneous ICH, and exclusion criteria were trauma, brain tumour, and secondary ICH. Demographic features were recorded. Blackhole, swirl, island, Blend and spot signs, ICH location and volume, and ICH score were assessed by non-contrast computed tomography (CT) scan and CT angiography. Glasgow coma scale (GCS) and modified Rankin scale were used to assessing patients’ outcomes
Results
Except for the ages of patients (p-values=0.01), other demographic characteristics had no significant associations with the expansion of hematoma and outcome. Modified Rankin Scale, GCS, and hematoma location and volume had statistically significant associations with hematoma expansion and outcome. Further, strong sensitivity of black hole (90.9%) and spot (92.8%) signs, strong specificity of Blend (92.6%) and spot signs (97.1%), substantial positive predictive value for spot sign (92.8%), substantial negative predictive value was for all signs. In addition, substantial accuracy of spot sign (95.8%), were found. Also, significant associations for all the signs, except Blend, with hematoma expansion were found.
Conclusion
It is better to use neuroimaging signs, at least the signs found on non-contrast CT scans, all together in clinical practice.
MEASUREMENT OF QRS AND QTC DURATION AND DISPERSION PREDICTS VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS IN THE EARLY STAGE OF ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFRACTION
Authors: Ahmed Farman , Mirza Aram , Mohammad Hemn , Al-Hamdi Amar 
Published: January 2022

Background
Myocardial infarction is one of the most common causes of mortality in middle and older age groups, especially in the presence of a ventricular arrhythmia.
Objectives
To determine the relationship between QRS and QTc duration and dispersion with the occurrence of ventriculricular arrhythmia in early stage of myocardial infarction.
Methods
This prospective study of 100 patients (72 males) admitted to Slemani Cardiac Hospital, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region -Iraq with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Electrocardiograms on admission and one day later were evaluated for the duration and dispersion of corrected QT interval (QTc) and QRS.
Results
Mean QTc was 453±35 ms on admission and 440±31.3 ms one day later. Mean QTc dispersion (QTC) was 69±18.4 ms on admission and 49.8±15 ms one day later. Mean QRS duration was 76.8±12.8 ms on admission and 70±10.7 ms one day later, while mean QRS dispersion (d QRS) was 29.4±14.7 ms on admission and 18.8±17.5 ms one day later. There was a significant correlation between ventricular arrhythmia and QRS, dQRS, QTc, and dQTc ≥ 60ms.
Conclusion
Patients with the increased value of corrected QT dispersion, QRS duration, and dispersion in the early stage of STEMI have a greater likelihood of developing ventricular arrhythmia.
RISK FACTORS AND OUTCOME OF MORBIDLY ADHERENT PLACENTA IN SULAYMANIYAH MATERNITY TEACHING HOSPITAL
Authors: Muhammad Huda 
Published: January 2022

Background
Over the last three decades, the incidence of placenta accreta has increased dramatically in concert with the increase in cesarean delivery rate. Moreover, placenta previa has been reported to be associated with a high rate of placenta accreta, which is mainly responsible for direct maternal mortality and morbidity.
Objectives
The present study aimed to determine the risk factors of the morbidly adherent placenta and their outcomes.
Patients and Methods
The present cross-sectional study was carried out from May 1, 2018, to May 1, 2019. For this purpose, a total number of 38 pregnant women with morbidly adherent placenta above 20 weeks’ gestations were selected. Afterwards, the patients were interviewed using a constructed questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the Chi-square test by Statistical Package for Social Science (version 24). P-values of less than 0.05 were regarded as significant.
Results
Approximately 63% of patients did not report a previous history of previous surgical evacuation, and more than half of them did not have a history of previous abortions. More than 88% of cases of placenta accreta were reported among those with late gestational age. In more than 76% of the patients, the placental position was in an anterior position. Cesarean hysterectomy was the most commonly used surgical intervention. Also, more than two-thirds of them needed a blood transfusion. Furthermore, 75% of placenta increta occurred among anterior placental positions.
Conclusion
The morbidly adherent placenta is common in patients with repeated cesarean section. Cesarean hysterectomy is the traditional method of managing mean arterial pressure (MAP) to prevent severe blood loss and other maternal morbidities.
Effect of Locator and Telescopic Attachment on Retention value for Two-Piece and One-Piece Implant-Supported Palateless Maxillary Over Denture: An In-vitro study
Authors: Othman Kawan 
Published: January 2022

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effect of two different implant designs (one-piece dental implant and two-piece dental implant) with attachment systems on retention value in implant-supported palate less maxillary overdenture.
Methods: Two edentulous maxillary models were fabricated from cold-cure polymethyl methacrylate resin. Four implants were inserted for each model as follows: Model I (Four one-piece implants were inserted, two implants in the canine region and two implants in the second premolar region), while Model II (Four two-piece implants were inserted, two implants in the canine region and two implants in second premolar region). The maxillary denture was constructed over each model. In model I, four ready-made titanium telescopic attachments corresponding to implant abutments were embedded in the inner surface of the overdenture. In contrast, in model II, four locator attachments corresponding to implant abutments were embedded in the inner surface of the overdenture. Initial anterior, posterior, and central retention values of overdentures were recorded and compared with the retention after 540 and 1080 cycles of insertion and removal using a digital force gauge.
Results: Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in the initial, secondary and tertiary retention values for anterior, posterior, and central retentions for both models (higher values were recorded before insertion cycles). The higher anterior and central retention values were recorded in Model II (44.93 and 25.9) N respectively, on the other hand, the higher posterior retention value was recorded for Model I 23.3N.
Conclusions: The type of attachment affects the retention value of maxillary overdenture. Continuous insertion and removal of the prosthesis lead to a decrease in the retention values.
Evaluation of Patient’s Satisfaction with Implant Supported Prosthesis in Rizgary Hospital from 2015- 2019
Authors: Ismail Rekar , Hasan Rizgar 
Published: January 2022

Objective: This study aims to evaluate patient satisfaction when treated with implant-supported restorations at Dental Implant Unit- Maxillofacial Surgery Department/Rizgary Teaching Hospital in Erbil-Iraq from 2015-2019.
Methods: Eighty patients with implant-supported prostheses were randomly selected to participate in the study. A case sheet was created for each of them. The case sheet consisted of two parts. The first part consisted of clinical evaluation recordings: mobility, suppuration, and bleeding on probing the implant-supported prosthesis, which the examiner did. While the second part of the case sheet was a questionnaire that the patient answered. There were five questions in the questionnaire: 1- the ability to chew foods, 2- the appearance of the prosthesis, 3- the comfort of the implant-supported prosthesis, 4- speaking ability, and 5- overall satisfaction with the outcome of the treatment. The degree of satisfaction was assessed by the scale from (1-5) with 1: corresponding to Not satisfied at all, 2: Not satisfied, 3: Partially satisfied, 4: Satisfied, and 5: Highly satisfied.
Results: Majority (75%) of the sample were either satisfied (30%) or highly satisfied (45%) with the outcome of treatment (overall satisfaction). Nearly the same percentages were obtained regarding the satisfaction with the ability to chew foods, the appearance of the prosthesis, comfort, and speaking ability with the implant-supported prosthesis. In addition, there were strong correlations between mobility and suppuration of the implant-supported prostheses and the patient's satisfaction..
Conclusions: Within the limitation of this study, it has been concluded that patients treated with implant-supported prostheses were highly satisfied with the treatment. Data on patient satisfaction is an important source of information that can guide dentists to provide treatment that will meet patients' expectations more.
Face to face education to virtual classroom in the health sector during covid pandemic
Authors: Cassinadane Ananda Vayaravel , Mohan Monisha , Rajendiran Kalaiselvi , Gunasekaran Veeraraghavan 
Published: January 2022

The lockdown posed a great impact on teaching and learning process which aided in the shift of face to face education to virtual classroom. As the e- learning was newly introduced, it was difficult to execute initially due to prior unpreparedness. We put forth this study to analyse student's perspective and challenges faced in online education during pandemic times.The study was done in medical and allied health science colleges of Chennai and Puducherry. This is cross-sectional study conducted between June and August 2020. This is an online survey conducted through google forms circulated to undergraduates and post graduates of medical and allied health science courses. Frequencies and percentages were used to express the data. Statistical Analyses were done by SPSS software and graphs were made by Microsoft excel. We received response from 419 participants. Mobile phone was the widely used gadget to access online class. Most of the institutes conducted online class daily and assessment twice weekly. In student’s point of view, though e- learning had several disadvantages like poor net connectivity, clinical training inadequacy, difficulty in attending class for longer duration and unfavourable learning environment, it proved constructive at pandemic time. On improvement in the design of the learning environment and teaching system, the online learning platform would better to serve its purpose in future pandemic.
Perspectiva dos Expatriados sobre Aspectos do Ambiente Institucional que Influenciam suas Condições de Vida nos Países Hospedeiros
Authors: Moraes Mariana Rangel , Moreira Márcia Zabdiele , Machado Diego de Queiroz , Guimarães Daniel Barboza 
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: O estudo teve o objetivo de analisar a perspectiva dos expatriados sobre aspectos do ambiente institucional que influenciam suas condições de vida nos países hospedeiros. Método: Tratou-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa, com dados secundários obtidos a partir do relatório HSBC Expat Explorer Broadening perspectives, publicado em 2017. Realizou-se análise de cluster, para agrupamento dos países sobre nove variáveis relativas aos aspectos econômicos, de experiência e de família. Validaram-se os resultados obtidos por meio de análise discriminante. Principais resultados: Constatou-se a existência de três agrupamentos, um com uma maior valorização dos aspectos de experiência, outro com valorização equivalente dos aspectos de experiência e econômicos e outro com maior valorização de aspectos de família. Relevância/originalidade: Como as condições de vida em outros países podem influenciar o ajustamento intercultural do expatriado e a duração da expatriação, podendo inclusive culminar em uma repatriação antecipada, esse estudo se faz relevante e original por relacionar temas que geralmente são estudados em separado: fatores institucionais dos países, condições de vida nos países e expatriação. Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: O estudo amplia as discussões ao considerar a perspectiva dos expatriados sobre como os fatores institucionais dos países hospedeiros influenciam as condições de vida que terão alhures.
Triangulation and Dealing with The Realness of Qualitative Research
Authors: Konecki Krzysztof T. 
Published: January 2022

This paper provides a sociologists’ reflection of a sociologist on qualitative field research. Reflections will include some methodological and epistemological considerations that are connected with field work, while building the realness of the description and conclusions, i.e. constructing the quality of qualitative research. The intellectual process of doing research will be characterized by analysis of:

description of investigated reality (tales of the field),
analytical process,
usage of commonsense research procedures (so called triangulation procedures), which are used in the field by the researcher and during analysis or writing a research report to adequately “re – present” researched reality.

The three above mentioned stages of representation of reality are interwoven to create one complex intellectual process, which is called “field research”. The quality of qualitative research is the intellectual process where some procedures are used to create the accountability of research conclusions.