bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel tool to enhance the lubricant efficiency on induction heat-assisted incremental sheet forming of Ti-6Al-4 V sheets
Authors: Li Weining , Essa Khamis , Li Sheng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFor heat-assisted single point incremental sheet forming (SPIF) works of Ti-6Al-4 V sheets, the use of lubricant has shown significant effects on surface quality and geometric accuracy at higher temperatures. Molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) is a common lubricant widely used in SPIF works, however, it usually indicates ineffective performance at high temperatures. This article has studied different lubricants of MoS2 lubricants and proposed a novel mixture of MoS2 to provide better surface quality and improve geometric accuracy. A forming tool with a ball-roller and water channel was designed to enable the MoS2 mixture to pass through the tool tip, allowing easy application of the lubricant on the localised area and reduce the thermal expansion on the ball-roller. Surface roughness analysis has revealed that the water-cooling MoS2 mixture performed well in reducing friction effects and achieved better geometric accuracy. Forming forces measurements, scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and micro-hardness tests also indicated that a higher strain hardening behaviour was detected for the water-cooling MoS2 mixture.
Exact Internal Controllability for a Problem with Imperfect Interface
Authors: Monsurrò S. , Nandakumaran A. K. , Perugia C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we study the internal exact controllability for a second order linear evolution equation defined in a two-component domain. On the interface, we prescribe a jump of the solution proportional to the conormal derivatives, meanwhile a homogeneous Dirichlet condition is imposed on the exterior boundary. Due to the geometry of the domain, we apply controls through two regions which are neighborhoods of a part of the external boundary and of the whole interface, respectively. Our approach to internal exact controllability consists in proving an observability inequality by using the Lagrange multipliers method. Eventually, we apply the Hilbert Uniqueness Method, introduced by Lions, which leads to the construction of the exact control through the solution of an adjoint problem. Finally, we find a lower bound for the control time depending not only on the geometry of our domain and on the matrix of coefficients of our problem but also on the coefficient of proportionality of the jump with respect to the conormal derivatives.
Radiographic and clinical outcome of tibial plateau fractures treated with bone allograft
Authors: Meiser Sarah , Arora Rohit , Petersen Johannes , Keiler Alexander , Liebensteiner Michael C. , Pallua Johannes Dominikus , Wurm Alexander 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
To determine the clinical outcome of patients who had been treated with bone allografts during open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of tibial head fractures.

Methods
Patients who suffered a medial, lateral, or bicondylar fracture of the tibial plateau and underwent surgical treatment by open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) using human femoral head bone allografts were included. Patients were invited to provide information for the following: Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), EuroQol Five Dimension score (EQ-5D), Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) and Parker Mobility Score. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the allograft area and the healthy human bone tissue were measured by quantitative computed tomography.

Results
A total of 22 patients with a mean follow-up time of 2.88 ± 2.46 years were included in our study. The most common fractures observed in this study were classified as Schatzker II (11 patients, 50.0%) or AO/OTA 41.B3 (12 patients, 54.5%) fractures. Postoperative WOMAC total was 13.0 (IQR = 16.3, range 0–33). Median quality of life (EQ-5D) score was 0.887 ± 0.121 (range 0.361–1.000). Median Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) score was 57.5 ± 19.0 (range 33–79). Mean Parker Mobility Score was 9 (range 6–9). Median bone mineral density (BMD) for the whole group was 300.04 ± 226.02 mg/cm3 (range − 88.68 to 555.06 mg/cm3) for region of interest (ROI 5) (central), 214.80 ± 167.45 mg/cm3 (range − 7.16 to 597.21 mg/cm3) for ROI 1–4 (marginal zones: medial, lateral, ventral, dorsal) and 168.14 ± 65.54 mg/cm3 (range 17.47–208.97 mg/cm3) for healthy bone tissue (femur and tibia).

Conclusion
Based on WOMAC scores, LEFS, ambulatory status, and quality of life findings, it can be concluded that following tibial head ORIF with allograft bone patients has promising results.
Effects of short or long biliopancreatic limb length after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery for obesity: a propensity score-matched analysis
Authors: Eckharter Christoph , Heeren Nickolaus , Mongelli Francesco , Sykora Martin , Fenner Hartwig , Scheiwiller Andreas , Metzger Jürg , Gass Jörn-Markus 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Although recent studies reported superior weight reduction in patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) with long biliopancreatic limb (BPL), no recommendation regarding limb lengths exists. This study compares weight loss and resolution of obesity-related comorbidities in patients undergoing RYGB with either long or short BPL.

Methods
A retrospective data search from medical records was performed. A total of 308 patients underwent laparoscopic RYGB with a BPL length of either 100 cm or 50 cm. Data was analyzed before and after propensity score matching.

Results
No statistically significant difference in weight reduction between long and short BPL RYGB in terms of percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL) (86.4 ± 24.5 vs. 83.4 ± 21.4, p = 0.285) and percentage of total weight loss (%TWL) (32.4 ± 8.4 vs. 33.0 ± 8.3, p = 0.543) was found 24 months after surgery. Propensity score–matched analysis did not show any statistically significant difference between groups in both %EWL and %TWL. No significant difference between long and short BPL RYGB in the resolution of obesity-related comorbidities was noted 24 months after surgery.

Conclusion
Weight loss and resolution of obesity-related comorbidities were not significantly different between long and short BPL RYGB 24 months after surgery.
New solvent systems to separate some estrogenically active compounds by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC)
Authors: Spangenberg Bernd 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTwo solvent mixtures for high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) separation of some compounds showing estrogenic activity in the yeast estrogen screen (YES) assay are presented. The new method, planar yeast estrogen screen (pYES) combines the YES assay and a chromatographic separation on silica gel HPTLC plates with the performance of the YES assay. For separation, the analytes were applied bandwise to HPTLC plates (10 × 20 cm) with fluorescent dye (Merck, Germany). The plates were developed in a vertical developing chamber after 30 min of chamber saturation over a separation distance of 70 mm, using cyclohexane‒methyl-ethyl ketone (2:1, V/V) or cyclohexane‒CPME (3:2, V/V) as solvents. Both solvents allow separation of estriol, daidzein, genistein, 17β-estradiol, 17α-ethinyl estradiol, estrone, 4-nonylphenol and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate.
Influence of flow rate and different size of suction cannulas on splatter contamination in dentistry: results of an exploratory study with a high-volume evacuation system
Authors: Graetz Christian , Hülsbeck Viktor , Düffert Paulina , Schorr Susanne , Straßburger Martin , Geiken Antje , Dörfer Christof E. , Cyris Miriam 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objectives
SOPs recommend high-volume evacuation (HVE) for aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs) in dentistry. Therefore, in the exploratory study, the area of splatter contamination (SCON in %) generated by high-speed tooth preparation (HSP) and air-polishing (APD) was measured when different suction cannulas of 6 mm diameter (saliva ejector (SAE)), 11 mm (HC11), or 16 mm (HC16) were utilized versus no-suction (NS).

Materials and methods
Eighty tests were performed in a closed darkened room to measure SCON (1m circular around the manikin head (3.14 m2) via plan metrically assessment through fluorescence technique. HSP (handpiece, turbine (Kavo, Germany)) or APD (LM-ProPowerTM (Finland), Airflow®-Prophylaxis-Master (Switzerland)) for 6 min plus 5 s post-treatment were performed either without suction or with low-flow (150 l/min for SAE) or high-flow rate (250 l/min/350 l/min for HC11/HC16) suction. All tests were two-tailed (p≤0.05, Bonferroni corrected for multi-testing).

Results
Irrespective the AGP, SCON was higher for NS (median [25th; 75th percentiles]: 3.4% [2.6; 5.4]) versus high-flow suction (1.9% [1.5; 2.5]) (p=0.002). Low-flow suction (3.5% [2.6; 4.3]) versus NS resulted in slightly lower but not statistically significantly lower SCON (p=1.000) and was less effective than high-flow suction (p=0.003). Lowest contamination values were found with HC16 (1.9% [1.5; 2.5]; p≤0.002), whereat no significant differences were found for HC11 (2.4% [1.7; 3.1]) compared to SAE (p=0.385) or NS (p=0.316).

Conclusions
Within study’s limitations, the lowest splatter contamination values resulted when HC16 were utilized by a high-flow rate of ≥250 l/min.

Clinical relevance
It is strongly recommended to utilize an HVE with suction cannulas of 16mm diameter for a high-flow rate during all AGPs and afterwards also to disinfect all surface of patients or operators contacted.
Discrete cyclic systems and circle congruences
Authors: Hertrich-Jeromin Udo , Szewieczek Gudrun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe discuss integrable discretizations of 3-dimensional cyclic systems, that is, orthogonal coordinate systems with one family of circular coordinate lines. In particular, the underlying circle congruences are investigated in detail and characterized by the existence of a certain flat connection. Within the developed framework, discrete cyclic systems with a family of discrete flat fronts in hyperbolic space and discrete cyclic systems, where all coordinate surfaces are discrete Dupin cyclides, are investigated.
Linear approximation of the Threshold AutoRegressive model: an application to order estimation
Authors: Giordano Francesco , Niglio Marcella , Vitale Cosimo Damiano 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a linear approximation of the nonlinear Threshold AutoRegressive model. It is shown that there is a relation between the autoregressive order of the threshold model and the order of its autoregressive moving average approximation. The main advantage of this approximation can be found in the extension of some theoretical results developed in the linear setting to the nonlinear domain. Among them is proposed a new order estimation procedure for threshold models whose performance is compared, through a Monte Carlo study, to other criteria largely employed in the nonlinear threshold context.
The Impact of Trimetazidine on Cardiac Fibrosis, Inflammation, and Function in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy Patients
Authors: El-khodary Noha M. , Ghoneim Asser I. , El-tayaar Ahmed A. , El-touny Eman M. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have shown that Trimetazidine (TMZ) improves vascular endothelial function and reduces the inflammatory process progression. However, limited data have been available regarding its effects on myocardial fibrosis following ischemia and causing left ventricular dysfunction.

Purpose
To investigate the impact of TMZ adjuvant therapy for ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) on cardiac fibrosis, vascular endothelial function, inflammation, and myocardial functions.

Methods
This randomized, double-blind controlled clinical trial included 48 patients (aged 59.4 ± 9 years) with ICM who were randomly assigned to two groups: TMZ 35 mg twice daily and placebo in addition to conventional ICM medications. All patients received the tablets for 3 months. Both groups were then compared in terms of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), endothelin-1 (ET-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and some echocardiographic indices, weekly angina attacks and nitrate consumption before and after treatment.

Results
No significant differences between CTGF, ET-1, and TNF-α levels, in addition to some echocardiographic indices, were observed between both groups before treatment. After treatment, the TMZ group had significantly lower ET-1 than the placebo group, with both groups exhibiting a substantial decrease in TNF-α and CTGF. The TMZ group had lower mean ± SD levels for TNF-α and CTGF and showed significant improvement in echocardiographic indices and weekly angina attacks after treatment.

Conclusion
Adjunctive TMZ therapy for ICM effectively improved vascular endothelial function and reduced inflammation. Furthermore, our exploratory findings may be used to provide new information on the potential effects of TMZ on myocardial fibrosis by downregulating CTGF.
Energetically motivated crack orientation vector for phase-field fracture with a directional split
Authors: Steinke Christian , Storm Johannes , Kaliske Michael 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe realistic approximation of structural behavior in a post fracture state by the phase-field method requires information about the spatial orientation of the crack surface at the material point level. For the directional phase-field split, this orientation is specified by the crack orientation vector, that is defined perpendicular to the crack surface. An alternative approach to the determination of the orientation based on standard fracture mechanical arguments, i.e. in alignment with the direction of the largest principle tensile strain or stress, is investigated by considering the amount of dissipated strain energy density during crack evolution. In contrast to the application of gradient methods, the analytical approach enables the determination of all local maxima of strain energy density dissipation and, in consequence, the identification of the global maximum, that is assumed to govern the orientation of an evolving crack. Furthermore, the evaluation of the local maxima provides a novel aspect in the discussion of the phenomenon of crack branching. As the directional split differentiates into crack driving contributions of tension and shear stresses on the crack surface, a consistent relation to Mode I and Mode II fracture is available and a mode dependent fracture toughness can be considered. Consequently, the realistic simulation of rock-like fracture is demonstrated. In addition, a numerical investigation of$$\Gamma $$Γ-convergence for an AT-2 type crack surface density is presented in a two-dimensional setup. For the directional split, also the issues internal locking as well as lateral phase-field evolution are addressed.
Cardioprotective effect of silicon-built restraint device (ASD), for left ventricular remodeling in rat heart failure model
Authors: Nawaz Waqas , Naveed Muhammad , Zhang Jing , Noreen Sobia , Saeed Muhammad , Sembatya Kiganda Raymond , Ihsan Awais Ullah , Mohammad Imran Shair , Wang Gang , Zhou Xiaohui 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study aims to evaluate the feasibility and cardio-protective effects of biocompatible silicon-built restraint device (ASD) in the rat’s heart failure (HF) model. The performance and compliance characteristics of the ASD device were assessed in vitro by adopting a pneumatic drive and ball burst test. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into four groups (n = 6); control, HF, HF + CSD, and HF + ASD groups, respectively. Heart failure was developed by left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery ligation in all groups except the control group. The ASD and CSD devices were implanted in the heart of HF + ASD and HF + CSD groups, respectively. The ASD’s functional and expansion ability was found to be safe and suitable for attenuating ventricular remodeling. ASD-treated rats showed normal heart rhythm, demonstrated by smooth -ST and asymmetrical T-wave. At the same time, hemodynamic parameters of the HF + ASD group improved systolic and diastolic functions, reducing ventricular wall stress, which indicated reverse remodeling. The BNP values were reduced in the HF + ASD group, which confirmed ASD feasibility and reversed remodeling at a molecular level. Furthermore, the HF + ASD group with no fibrosis suggests that ASD has significant curative effects on the heart muscles. In conclusion, ASD was found to be a promising restraint therapy than the previously standard restraint therapies.
A Qualitative Study of Men’s Experience of Being a Father in Families with Childhood Disability
Authors: Vatne Torun Marie , Dahle Sigurd Skjeggestad , Haukeland Yngvild Bjartveit , Fjermestad Krister Westlye 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFathers in families with childhood disability have an important role in fostering coping and resilience in children. Insight into men’s thoughts about fathering is necessary to provide family-centered interventions. The purpose of this study was to explore men’s experience of being a father in families with childhood disability. Qualitative interviews were conducted with seven fathers in families with childhood disability. Content analysis was applied to analyze the data. The participants described their thoughts about children’s needs; mastery, secure attachment, clear boundaries, positive emotions, and role models. Creating a father-child unity, being active, playful, fearless, and sometimes restraint was described as fathering behaviors aiming to meet these needs. However, personal, family, and social factors were described as influencing fathers’ behaviors. Fathers’ psychological wellbeing was described to be affected by the childhood disability to different degrees, and emotional triggers related to the disability were described. Participants described using a variety of emotion regulation strategies, but somewhat restraint support seeking behavior. We conclude that the health and social welfare system should involve fathers in the provision of services to children, empower them in their role as fathers, and provide support tailored to their needs.
Inspection of Radiation Shielding Proficiency and Effect of Gamma-Ray on ESR and Thermal Characteristics of Copper Oxide Modified Borate Bioglasses
Authors: Abdelghany A. M. , Diab H. M. , Madbouly A. M. , Ezz-ElDin F. M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSamples of copper-modified bioactive borate glasses were synthesized and their radiation shielding properties including gamma-ray and neutron radiation shielding were investigated. Further, the glasses’ mass attenuation coefficients were measured with a NaI(Tl) detector while their gamma-ray shielding parameters were estimated using Phy-X/PSD program. Free-radical densities were measured via electron spin resonance to estimate the absorbed doses during accidental irradiation. The extensive reduction of the dose detection threshold (2 Gy) required the estimation of the signal of the non-irradiated sample. In addition, the effects of applied microwave power and absorbed dose on synthesized samples were studied. Finally, the thermal annealing of the emerging peaks, which were due to the irradiation signal-to-noise ratio and energy dependence, was studied to estimate the stabilities of such peaks. This modified material is recommended to detect and monitor the gamma-radiation dose because of its good dosimetric properties. Finally, regarding the presence of the two borate groups, triangular and the tetrahedrally coordinated, in their definite and typical wavenumbers, the FTIR spectra displayed simplified vibrations that were close to those of many bioglasses. This paper provides complementary results for the author's previous research examining this glass for low photon dose measurements using luminescence characteristics.
Large-scale assessment of artificially coated seeds for forest regeneration across Sweden
Authors: Domevscik Matej , Häggström Bodil , Lim Hyungwoo , Öhlund Jonas , Nordin Annika 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe report the results of two years’ field performance of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) seedlings regenerated using artificially coated seeds. The coated seeds were used for regeneration on 12 clearcut sites, covering a 1000 km latitudinal gradient across Sweden. The coating was either combined with arginine-phosphate fertilizer (10 mg N per seed) or had no additions. Interactions with environmental variables associated with sites were also assessed. Coated seeds were deployed in May–June 2017 and surveyed in August–September of 2018 and 2019. After two years, the mean establishment rate of seedlings from coated seeds was 56 ± 4% across the 12 sites. The fertilizer addition did not affect survival, and the biomass response to fertilizer varied significantly between sites. Maximum precipitation and wind speed during the first six weeks after deployment were correlated with seedling survival, regardless of fertilization treatment. Establishment increased with increasing precipitation and decreased with increasing wind speed. This highlights the importance of initial weather conditions for the seeds’ establishment. Our data suggest that Scots pine regeneration using coated seeds can be practiced in boreal forests, but also that the method is sensitive to the weather conditions at the time of deployment of the seeds.
Transferrin Receptor Binding BBB-Shuttle Facilitates Brain Delivery of Anti-Aβ-Affibodies
Authors: Faresjö Rebecca , Lindberg Hanna , Ståhl Stefan , Löfblom John , Syvänen Stina , Sehlin Dag 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAffibodies targeting amyloid-beta (Aβ) could potentially be used as therapeutic and diagnostic agents in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Affibodies display suitable characteristics for imaging applications such as high stability and a short biological half-life. The aim of this study was to explore brain delivery and retention of Aβ protofibril-targeted affibodies in wild-type (WT) and AD transgenic mice and to evaluate their potential as imaging agents. Two affibodies, Z5 and Z1, were fused with the blood–brain barrier (BBB) shuttle single-chain variable fragment scFv8D3. In vitro binding of 125I-labeled affibodies with and without scFv8D3 was evaluated by ELISA and autoradiography. Brain uptake and retention of the affibodies at 2 h and 24 h post injection was studied ex vivo in WT and transgenic (tg-Swe and tg-ArcSwe) mice. At 2 h post injection, [125I]I-Z5 and [125I]I-Z1 displayed brain concentrations of 0.37 ± 0.09% and 0.46 ± 0.08% ID/g brain, respectively. [125I]I-scFv8D3-Z5 and [125I]I-scFv8D3-Z1 showed increased brain concentrations of 0.53 ± 0.16% and 1.20 ± 0.35%ID/g brain. At 24 h post injection, brain retention of [125I]I-Z1 and [125I]I-Z5 was low, while [125I]I-scFv8D3-Z1 and [125I]I-scFv8D3-Z5 showed moderate brain retention, with a tendency towards higher retention of [125I]I-scFv8D3-Z5 in AD transgenic mice. Nuclear track emulsion autoradiography showed greater parenchymal distribution of [125I]I-scFv8D3-Z5 and [125I]I-scFv8D3-Z1 compared with the affibodies without scFv8D3, but could not confirm specific affibody accumulation around Aβ deposits. Affibody-scFv8D3 fusions displayed increased brain and parenchymal delivery compared with the non-fused affibodies. However, fast brain washout and a suboptimal balance between Aβ and mTfR1 affinity resulted in low intrabrain retention around Aβ deposits.
Sobolev Embeddings for Fractional Hajłasz-Sobolev Spaces in the Setting of Rearrangement Invariant Spaces
Authors: Martín Joaquim , Ortiz Walter A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe obtain symmetrization inequalities in the context of Fractional Hajłasz-Sobolev spaces in the setting of rearrangement invariant spaces and prove that for a large class of measures our symmetrization inequalities are equivalent to the lower bound of the measure.