bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-syndromic bile duct paucity and non-IgE cow’s milk allergy: a case report of challenging nutritional management and maltodextrin intolerance
Authors: Degrassi Irene , Pascuzzi Martina Chiara , D’Auria Enza , Fiori Laura , Dilillo Dario , Lista Gianluca , Castoldi Francesca Maria , Cavigioli Francesco , Bosetti Alessandra , Pellegrinelli Alessandro , Zuccotti Gian Vincenzo , Verduci Elvira 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Cholestasis in extremely premature infants (EPI) constitutes a nutritional challenge and maltodextrins have been reported as a possible strategy for hypoglycaemia. We aim to describe the nutritional management of an EPI with non-syndromic bile duct paucity (NSBDP) and feeding intolerance.

Case presentation
A patient, born at 27 weeks of gestational age, presented cholestatic jaundice at 20 days of life with a clinical picture of NSBDP. Patient’s growth was insufficient with formula rich in medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) and branched-chain amino acids (BCAA). Due to frequent fasting hypoglicemic episodes, maltodextrins supplements were provided. He subsequently presented severe abdominal distension and painful crises, which required hospital admission and withdrawal of maltodextrins. Hypercaloric extensively hydrolysed formula provided weight gain, glycemic control, and parallel improvement in cholestasis.

Conclusions
Our case suggests caution with the use of maltodextrins in infants, especially if premature. Commercial preparations for hepatopatic patients contain higher concentrations of MCTs and BCAAs, but personalized strategies must be tailored to each patient.
The incidence of congenital anomalies in newborns before and during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Heidarzadeh Mohammad , Taheri Mahshid , Mazaheripour Zohreh , Abbasi-Khameneh Fariba 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Pregnant women are one of the most vulnerable groups in the Covid-19 pandemic. Due to the lack of knowledge about fetal and perinatal complications following Covid-19 infection, the association of Covid-19 pandemic and congenital anomalies in babies conceived and born during this pandemic is unclear. Current study aimed to investigate the association between the Covid-19 pandemic and congenital birth anomalies in Iran. The population of newborns whose embryonic period coincided with the Covid-19 crises were compared with a similar group born during the pre-Covid-19 period.

Methods
This is a retrospective comparative analysis of congenital birth anomalies in Iran; desired data was extracted from national birth registry database. All registered congenital anomalies in hospital births were compared between two time periods: During Covid-19 (1st November 2020- 28th February 2021) and Before Covid-19 (1st November 2019-29th February 2020). Incidence of congenital anomalies at birth were compared and analyzed between these two time periods.

Results
The incidence of congenital birth anomalies are significantly increased during Covid-19 pandemic compared with before Covid-19 (P value < 0.00001). The number of all types of anomalies has increased in the current pandemic, but the congenital anomalies of the central nervous system (P value = 0.04) and Genitourinary (P value = 0.03) have a larger contribution than before.

Conclusion
Covid-19 pandemic are associated with congenital anomalies at birth. There are several factors in the Covid-19 pandemic which can affect fetal development in the first trimester of pregnancy. Possible reasons include vertical transmission of Covid-19 infection; maternal fever, stress and anxiety; insufficient preconception and prenatal care; neglect of fetal screening; and poverty imposed by this pandemic.
Auroral responses to the visit of comet 73P/Schwassmann–Wachmann 3 in 2006
Authors: Zhao Yong , Yan Limei , Yao Zhonghua , Wei Yong , Guo Ruilong , Lai Hairong , Zhang Binzheng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe stunning tails of comets are interesting astronomical phenomena to human beings and have been noticed for thousands of years. The bright tails also emit substantial materials into interplanetary space, including dusts and charged particles. The charged particles are picked up by solar wind magnetic fields, and thus could propagate together with solar wind to influence planetary space environments. Simultaneous measurements of comet materials, planetary space, and ground environments are crucial for understanding cometary impacts to planets, while such observations are quite rare. In this article, we present a full chain from the comet tail, to the solar wind cometary particles, and the impacts on the ground. Intense auroral events are observed when the cometary materials are observed in the Earthʼs upstream solar wind. Our results provide direct evidence that cometary ions could contribute substantial dynamic pressure in driving geomagnetic activities and the associated auroral intensifications.
Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver occurring in an adolescent: a case report with genomic analysis
Authors: Shimagaki Tomonari , Sugimachi Keishi , Mano Yohei , Onishi Emi , Tanaka Yuki , Sugimoto Rie , Taguchi Kenichi , Morita Masaru , Toh Yasushi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver (UESL) is a rare malignant mesenchymal tumor that usually occurs in children and is rarely diagnosed in adults.

Case presentation
The case was a female in her late 20s who presented with a huge liver mass found upon the examination of fever. Imaging analysis showed a well-defined mass measuring 9 cm in the largest dimension in the right posterior segment of the liver. The patient underwent right hemi-hepatectomy. Histopathological studies revealed that the circumscribed tumor was composed of a proliferation of atypical epithelioid to spindle-shaped cells with pleomorphic nuclei arranged in haphazard pattern. Histopathological features observed in immunohistochemical analyses confirmed a final diagnosis of UESL. Genome analysis using FoundationOne CDx revealed 11 somatic mutations including TP53 (R196*) and STK11 (F354L). Adjuvant chemotherapy with ifosfamide and etoposide was performed, and the case has been followed up without recurrence for 1 year after hepatectomy.

Conclusions
A UESL should be considered in the differential diagnosis of large and well-defined solid liver lesions. Although the prognosis of UESL is extremely unfavorable, aggressive surgical resection with adjuvant chemotherapy and genomic analysis may be helpful for ensuring long-term survival.
The trend in mean height of Guatemalan women born between 1945 and 1995: a century behind
Authors: Arriaza Astrid , Hambidge K. Michael , Krebs Nancy F. , Garcés Ana , Channon Andrew Amos 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundAdult height is a cumulative indicator of living standards with mean height increasing with a greater socio-economic level. Guatemalan adult women have the lowest mean height worldwide. The country’s population is ethnically divided between indigenous and non-indigenous groups. This study aims to identify trends in the mean height for indigenous and non-indigenous adult women born between 1945 and 1995 in Guatemala and the association with individual, household and environmental factors.MethodsWe used pooled data of adult women from five Demographic and Health Surveys. Mixed-effects multilevel linear regression models estimate the mean height associated with the explanatory variables. Mean height was modelled as a function of birth year cohort, wealth, education, geo-administrative regions and elevation.ResultsThe mean height increased 0.021 cm per year on average. The annual increase for indigenous women was 0.027 cm, while 0.017 cm for non-indigenous women. Height is associated with household wealth and women’s education level. We found an interaction effect between ethnicity and household wealth, with indigenous women at the lowest quintile 0.867 cm shorter than the corresponding non-indigenous group. Height is associated with the geo-administrative region, those women in western regions being shorter than those in the metropolis. Mean height is reduced 0.980 cm for each 1000 m increase in elevation.ConclusionsGuatemalan women have grown only 1 cm over half century, a slow improvement between 1945 and 1995, a period characterised by political instability and civil war. There are persistent inequalities in women’s height associated with socio-economic status, education and attributes of the geographical context. These aspects need to be considered when implementing strategies to encourage growth. Further research is required to understand the evolution of adult height and the standard of living in post-war Guatemala.
Consensus-based proposal for forgoing dialysis therapy in Japan
Authors: Okada Kazuyoshi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy published a proposal in 2014 and revised it to Shared Decision Making for the Initiation and Continuation of Dialysis: A Proposal from the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy in 2020 to strictly adhere to guidelines of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, because forgoing life-sustaining treatment to respect the will of patients in end-of-life care is not stipulated by law in Japan. The revised proposal describes the process of providing information about renal replacement therapy, the natural course of end-stage kidney disease, and conservative kidney management (CKM), the conditions when providing CKM information to be considered by healthcare teams, the process of providing information about CKM if patients with decision-making capacity or families of patients without decision-making capacity wish to make the decision to forgo dialysis, the process of shared decision making for choosing CKM, and the importance of performing advance care planning (ACP) with patients and their families for making advance directives, etc. We need to promote ACP and to establish the content and practice of palliative care for patients after choosing CKM in collaboration with home-cased care doctors.
Comparative transcriptional analysis and identification of hub genes associated with wing differentiation of male in Aphis gossypii
Authors: HUANGFU Ningbo , SHI Qingyu , CHEN Lulu , MA Xiaoyan , ZHANG Kaixin , LI Dongyang , WANG Li , ZHU Xiangzhen , JI Jichao , LUO Junyu , CUI Jinjie 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae), a worldwide polyphagous phloem-feeding agricultural pest, has three wing morphs (winged parthenogenetic female, gynopara, and male) in the life cycle. The exclusive males could fly from summer hosts to winter hosts, which are essential for gene exchanges of cotton aphid populations from different hosts or regions. However, the molecular mechanism of wing differentiation of male in A. gossypii remains unclear.

Results
Morphological observation of male A. gossypii showed that there is no distinct difference in the external morphologies of the 1st and 2nd instar nymphs. The obvious differentiation of wing buds started in the 3rd instar nymph and was visible via naked eyes in the 4th instar nymphal stage, then adult male emerged with full wings. According to morphological dynamic changes, the development of wings in males were divided into four stages: preliminary stage (the 1st instar to 2nd instar), prophase (the 3rd instar), metaphase (the 4th instar), anaphase (the 5th instar). Results of feeding behavior monitoring via EPG (electrical penetration graph) technology indicated that although the male cotton aphids had strong desire to feed (longer duration of C 55.24%, F 5.05% and Pd waves 2.56%), its feeding efficiency to summer host cotton was low (shorter E1 3.56% and E2 waves 2.63%). Dynamic transcriptome analysis of male aphid at 5 different developmental periods showed that in the 3rd instar nymph, the number of up-regulated DEGs was significant increased, and time-course gene transcriptional pattern analyses results also showed that numerous genes categorized in clusters 3, 5, and 8 had the highest expressed levels, which were consistent with morphological changes of wing buds. These results indicate that the 3rd instar nymph is the critical stage of wing bud differentiation in males. Furthermore, through pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs and WGCNA, it revealed that the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, Ras signaling pathway, dopaminergic synapse, circadian entrainment and the corresponding hub genes of PLK1, BUB1, SMC2, TUBG, ASPM, the kinesin family members (KIF23, KIF20, KIF18-19) and the novel subfamily of serine/threonine (Aurora kinase A and Aurora kinase B) probably played an important role in the critical stage of wing bud differentiation.

Conclusion
This study explored morphological changes and genes transcriptional dynamics males in cotton aphid, revealed the phenomenon of low feeding efficiency of winged males on summer host cotton, and identified key signaling pathways and potential hub genes potentially involved in wing bud differentiation of male in A. gossypii.
Aqueous extracts from indigenous plant in Burkina Faso with bio-herbicide properties to reduce Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth propagation
Authors: Sawadogo/Ilboudo Tinkoudougou Cathérine , Yonli Djibril , Sourabie Soumaïla , Zerbo Patrice , Traoré Hamidou , Boussim Joseph Issaka 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The genus Striga includes 11 parasitic plants species of food crops in at least 50 African countries. Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth. is a major biotic constraint to the cereal crops production in Africa. It is the most widespread species in fields in Burkina Faso and grows on all types of soil inducing losses estimated at 35–40% on sorghum and millet. The substantial reductions in yield caused by S. hermonthica contribute significantly to an insufficient food supply for the populations in the area.

Methods
This study aims to identify local plants with bio-herbicidal properties for the management of S. hermonthica. The inhibiting and stimulating effect of aqueous extracts from 13 local plant species on the germination of S. hermonthica seeds was assessed in vitro.

Results
The aqueous extracts from the leaves of Azadirachta indica A. Juss, Jatropha curcas L., Jatropha gossypiifolia L., Lawsonia inermis L. and those from the leafy stems of Cassia obtusifolia L., Crotalaria retusa L., Phyllanthus amarus L. completely inhibited germination of Striga. Five other plant extracts significantly stimulated germination, of which the highest germination rate (60%) was recorded with the extract from Euphorbia hirta L. leafy stems.

Conclusions
The plant extracts thus constitute an ecological avenue for S. hermonthica control. Further experiments could lead to the formulation of bio-herbicides against the parasitic plant to improve cereal production while limiting environmental pollution.
Design and flow field analysis of impregnated diamond bit for seafloor drill in soft-hard interlaced strata
Authors: Wang Jialiang , Chen Chen , Qian Dilei , Peng Fenfei , Yu Mengfei , Sun Yang , Peng Deping 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAccording to the seafloor drill working conditions and the complex formation characteristics of the seafloor, this paper aims to improve the adaptability of the diamond bit to the formation and the coring quality. The cutter tooth design scheme of the impregnated diamond bit is proposed, and Fluent analyzes the flow field of drilling fluid at the bottom hole. The results show that the cone cutting tooth bit with the primary and assistant nozzles can directly avoid 85.33% drilling fluid flushing core and reduce the disturbance of drilling fluid to the core samples. The water passage structure of the bit is reasonable, and the upward return velocity of the drilling fluid can be stabilized between 0.7 and 1.8 m/s, which meets the requirements of the upward return of cuttings in seabed strata, and has a good hole wall protection performance. Based on the bottom-jet diamond bit, the assistant nozzles are added. The drilling fluid of the assistant nozzles can better cover the bit crown, conductive to cooling the bit crown. The drilling fluid of the main nozzles can timely up-return along the outer annulus hole wall, conducive to the up-return of the cuttings with drilling fluid. This study can extend existing designs of a seafloor coring bits and bottom hole flow field analysis methods.
Intraoperative Blood Pressure and Long-Term Neurodevelopmental Function in Children Undergoing Ambulatory Surgery
Authors: Ing Caleb , DeStephano David , Hu Tianheng , Reighard Charles , Lackraj Deven , Geneslaw Andrew S. , Miles Caleb H. , Kim Minjae 
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND:
Some studies have found surgery and anesthesia in children to be associated with neurodevelopmental deficits, but specific reasons for this association have not been fully explored. This study evaluates intraoperative mean arterial pressure (MAP) during a single ambulatory procedure in children and subsequent mental disorder diagnoses.

METHODS:
A retrospective observational study was performed including children ≥28 days and <18 years of age with intraoperative electronic anesthetic records between January 1, 2009, and April 30, 2017, at our institution. Eligible children were categorized based on their mean intraoperative MAP relative to other children of the same sex and similar age: category 1 (very low): children with mean intraoperative MAP values below the 10th percentile, category 2 (low): mean MAP value ≥10th and <25th percentiles, category 3 (reference): mean MAP value ≥25th and <75th percentiles, category 4 (high): mean MAP value ≥75th and <90th percentile, and category 5 (very high): mean MAP value ≥90th percentile. International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9) and ICD, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10)-coded mental disorders were identified in hospital and outpatient claims, with a median duration of follow-up after surgery of 120 days (interquartile range [IQR], 8–774.5 days). Cox proportional hazards models evaluated the hazard ratio (HR) of time to first mental disorder diagnosis associated with intraoperative blood pressure category between the end of surgery and censoring, with the primary analysis adjusting for demographic, anesthetic, comorbidity, and procedure-type variables as potential confounders.

RESULTS:
A total of 14,724 eligible children who received general anesthesia for a single ambulatory surgical procedure were identified. After adjusting for all available potential confounders, when compared to the reference, there were no statistically significant differences in mental disorder diagnosis risk based on intraoperative mean MAP category. Compared to reference, children in the very low and low blood pressure categories reported HRs of 1.00 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.74–1.35) and 1.10 (95% CI, 0.87–1.41) for a mental disorder diagnosis, respectively, and children in the high and very high categories reported HRs of 0.87 (95% CI, 0.68–1.12) and 0.76 (95% CI, 0.57–1.03), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:
Presence in a predefined mean intraoperative MAP category was not associated with subsequent mental disorder diagnoses within our follow-up period. However, the limitations of this study, including uncertainty regarding what constitutes an adequate blood pressure in children, may limit the ability to form definitive conclusions.
A Rare Case of Longitudinally Extensive Transverse Myelitis Following Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccination with a Favourable Outcome
Authors: KC Ojbindra , Dahal Punya Hari , Koirala Manisha , Yadav Sumeet Kumar 
Published: September 2022

Introduction: mRNA COVID-19 vaccines are very safe, but rare adverse events such as transverse myelitis have been reported after COVID-19 vaccination. Case Description: We report the case of 50-year-old man who presented with progressive lower extremity weakness, back pain and urinary retention after his second dose of the Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine. MRI of the spine revealed longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM). He recovered completely after treatment with intravenous methylprednisone and physical therapy. Discussion: This case highlights the rare association between LETM and COVID-19 vaccines and encourages clinicians to maintain a high index of suspicion for prompt diagnosis and treatment.
Temporomandibular disorders. Part 5: surgical management
Authors: Crawford Charles , Foster-Thomas Emma , Oluwajana Funmi , Clarke Peter , James Martin , Khandavilli Sunil , Kalantzis Athanasios 
Published: September 2022

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a complex arrangement with high functional requirements. Surgery is therefore only considered when conservative management has not been successful. Surgery may not always benefit and carries the risk of the condition worsening. There is a range of techniques available to the surgeon. The most commonly used is arthrocentesis and this is also the least invasive. The end-stage option for patients is total joint replacement. Whichever surgery the patient has received, it is likely that they will be in need of careful management by the primary care team for their continuing care. This article, the fifth in a series of six, outlines the scope of TMJ surgery. CPD/Clinical Relevance: A range of techniques is available for TMJ surgery, and many post-surgery patients will require routine dental management in the primary care setting.
Pregnancy and dentistry: a guide for the general dental practitioner. Part 2
Authors: Curtin Claire , Stokes Simon , Shah Fayjel 
Published: September 2022

Pregnancy is a unique time in a woman's life with many physiological, physical, emotional and hormonal changes occurring. It can also be quite an anxious time for women particularly in the first trimester when the risk of miscarriage is at its highest. Uncertainty still exists around the topic of dental treatment and care during pregnancy, which may create challenges for both the patient and the dental team. CPD/Clinical Relevance: The treatment options available when managing pregnant patients and for safe prescribing for this population are described.
The dental effects of head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma treatment: a case series
Authors: Truman Angharad , Forbes-Haley Claire 
Published: September 2022

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a malignant soft tissue neoplasm of skeletal muscle origin. Approximately 40% of cases of RMS are sited in the head and neck region and nearly 65% of cases are diagnosed in children less than six years of age. Treatment for RMS involves a multimodality approach including surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. When children are exposed to such treatments there are often associated long-term adverse effect which may affect the patients' dento-alveolar growth and development. Three cases are described highlighting these adverse effects and the treatments used for oral rehabilitation. CPD/Clinical Relevance: To inform readers of the long-term effects of rhabdomyosarcoma treatment on the dento-alveolar development.
Managing compromised first permanent molars in children: minimally invasive treatment protocols for practitioners
Authors: AlKhalaf Reem , Rosa Thamirys Costa , Vieira Fernanda Gabriela de Fatima , Neves Aline de Almeida , Hosey Marie Therese , Banerjee Avijit 
Published: September 2022

Employing minimally invasive operative techniques to manage compromised first permanent molars is discussed as a treatment regimen to achieve a favourable medium-to long-term prognosis in modern paediatric dental management. It is known that patient cooperation, stage of dental development and eruption state, as well as chronological age and severity of tissue breakdown of the compromised tooth have an influence on the prognosis of treatment.CPD/Clinical Relevance: Understanding the various prognostic factors involving compromised first permanent molar teeth is essential if optimum treatment is to be provided.