bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitochondrial DNA D‐loop hyper‐variable region 1 variability in Kurdish horse breed
Authors: Nikbakhsh Milad , Varkoohi Sheida , Seyedabadi Hamid Reza 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundKurdish horse is one of the most valuable horse genetic resources in the Middle East.ObjectivesTo assess the genetic diversity of Kurdish horses, Mitochondrial DNA D‐loop hyper‐variable region1 (HVR1) was sequenced in 29 non‐related Kurdish horses which were sampled from diverse geographic regions of Iran.MethodsTotal DNA was extracted from the collected blood samples by modified salting out method. The HVR1 was amplified by PCR and then sequenced using ABI PRISM BigDyeTM Terminator Cycle Sequencing Ready Reaction Kit. Consequently, the sequences were trimmed to 294 bp using BIOEDIT to become comparable with other reported HVR1 sequences in GeneBank. Sequence alignment was performed using CLUSTALW package. Haplotype and nucleotide diversity were estimated using DNASP5.10 and phylogenetic tree was constructed by neighbour joining method.ResultsFourteen different haplotypes and 22 polymorphic sites were detected. Haplotype diversity, nucleotide diversity and Tajima D values were 0.901 ± 0.001, 0.01153 ± 0.0020 and −1.378, respectively. Kurdish horse showed a high haplotype and low nucleotide diversity. The compositional frequency of consensus sequences for base A was the highest (29.93%) compared to other three nucleotides (C = 28.91%, T = 26.53% and G = 14.63%). As expected, all of the detected Kurdish horse haplotypes belonged to haplogroup K (i.e., Kurdish horses).ConclusionsAccording to the phylogenetic analysis, Kurdish horses were genetically more closely related to Tibetan, Chinese, Bulgarian and Iranian native horse breeds, compared to other Asian horse breeds, but some traces of European horse breeds were detected in their maternal lines.
Large eddy simulations of a utility‐scale horizontal axis wind turbine including unsteady aerodynamics and fluid‐structure interaction modelling
Authors: Della Posta Giacomo , Leonardi Stefano , Bernardini Matteo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGrowing horizontal axis wind turbines are increasingly exposed to significant sources of unsteadiness, such as tower shadowing, yawed or waked conditions and environmental effects. Due to increased dimensions, the use of steady tabulated airfoil coefficients to determine the airloads along long blades can be questioned in those numerical fluid models that do not have the sufficient resolution to solve explicitly and dynamically the flow close to the blade. Various models exist to describe unsteady aerodynamics (UA). However, they have been mainly implemented in engineering models, which lack the complete capability of describing the unsteady and multiscale nature of wind energy. To improve the description of the blades' aerodynamic response, a 2D unsteady aerodynamics model is used in this work to estimate the airloads of the actuator line model in our fluid–structure interaction (FSI) solver, based on 3D large eddy simulation. At each section along the actuator lines, a semi‐empirical Beddoes‐Leishman model includes the effects of noncirculatory terms, unsteady trailing edge separation, and dynamic stall in the dynamic evaluation of the airfoils' aerodynamic coefficients. The aeroelastic response of a utility‐scale wind turbine under uniform, laminar and turbulent, sheared inflows is examined with one‐ and two‐way FSI coupling between the blades' structural dynamics and local airloads, with and without the enhanced aerodynamics' description. The results show that the external half of the blade is dominated by aeroelastic effects, whereas the internal one is dominated by significant UA phenomena, which was possible to represent only thanks to the additional model implemented.
Confusing the Spatial with the Social: Can Ethnography Offer a Way Out?
Authors: Mosseray Jeanne , Aernouts Nele 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUrban renewal policies applied over Europe since the 1990s have been characterized by an integrated approach towards neighbourhood regeneration, combining an interplay of social and spatial intentions and strategies. In this contribution, we develop an ethnographic account of the occupation of the ground floors in the social high-rise estate of Peterbos, Brussels, in order to show the necessity for studying and translating such interplay locally. While over time, urban designers and spatial planners developed several proposals to include facilities in the plinths of the buildings in order to ‘activate’ the neighbourhood and make it livelier and more vibrant, we highlight such ‘activation’ by shopkeepers, social and community workers is less straightforward. The current occupancy of these spaces is characterized by the embodiment of the spaces by facility managers; their strategies, and those of their clients within and outside the spaces; and different forms of in- and exclusion. As such, the contribution highlights how an ethnographic approach could contribute to making more informed decisions on the design of such spaces.
Beyond a Buzzword: Situated Participation Through Socially Oriented Urban Living Labs
Authors: Cognetti Francesca 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn the broader framework of Living Labs and participatory planning, the essay proposes socially-oriented Urban Living Labs (ULLs) as a possible way of understanding and experimenting with participation in marginalized contexts. It does so by applying a focus on individual/collective capacities and enabling processes to support them. Drawing on the literature and the observation and implementation of concrete cases, the essay proposes a reflection on ULLs as situated environments in which “everyone’s” capacities are formed and tested, thus challenging the functioning of local democracy. This implies a focus as much on residents and local agents as on institutions. The essay proposes a shift from Living Labs to socially oriented Urban Living Labs, in order to foster the social dimension of planning, questioning the mechanisms of involvement and support of the most fragile profiles, often excluded from the political process. The perspective is the implementation of an enabling and mutual learning process through devices to reinforce organizations and people’s ability to reflect on, aspire to, and take action for the transformation of their life context, becoming real agents of change.
Adapting the Living Lab Methodology: The Prefix ‘Co’ as an Empowerment Tool for Urban Regeneration in Large-Scale Social-Housing Estates
Authors: Cognetti Francesca , Maranghi Elena 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn recent years, Urban Living Labs (ULLs) have acquired an ever greater resonance in the field of spatial and urban regeneration. Indeed, the promotion of a collaborative approach turns out to be decisive if one wishes to include a multiplicity of social actors in these processes, an indispensable aspect today of promoting effective physical and social transformations of the urban environment. However, which specific adjustments must a ULL make in order to be configured as a truly inclusive tool within marginalized urban areas, such as public-housing neighbourhoods, where access to decision-making processes is structurally limited? Departing from a European perspective, reinterpreted through the specific Milanese context of the San Siro district, the paper reflects on the approach of ULLs in marginalized areas: material and immaterial work platforms where different languages, knowledge, values, and visions meet through an active—even conflictual—encounter which is crucial for the promotion of local regeneration processes.
From a Community of Practice to a Community of Planning: The Case of the Sansheroes Network in the San Siro Neighbourhood in Milan
Authors: Maranghi Elena 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn the current framework of welfare shrinking, it is highly necessary to transform citizens and local organizations from targets into co-producers of urban policies. Moreover, even though large-scale social housing estates are often characterized by social exclusion and high levels of socio-economic vulnerabilities, they at the same time represent ‘local tanks’ of competencies and social resources. In these regards, the ‘empowering planning’ approach—referring to the valourization of local competences and expertise within urban regeneration processes—has positive impacts, both in terms of socio-economic inclusion and the ‘expansion’ of active citizenship among local actors and in terms of designing more effective policies, enriched by local perspectives and know-how. Based on the analysis of a pilot action developed within the SoHoLab project in the San Siro neighbourhood that fostered the empowerment of a local grassroots network, the chapter examines processes of recognition and reinforcement and the promotion of local competencies, outlining their different phases and the characteristics of the groups involved. It will highlight the transition from a community of practice to a community of planning that is able to develop visions and actions aimed at a shared regeneration of a certain area.
Simplified models for resonant neutral scalar production with missing transverse energy final states
Authors: Bahl Henning , Lozano Victor Martin , Weiglein Georg 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Additional Higgs bosons appear in many extensions of the Standard Model (SM). While most existing searches for additional Higgs bosons concentrate on final states consisting of SM particles, final states containing beyond the SM (BSM) particles play an important role in many BSM models. In order to facilitate future searches for such final states, we develop a simplified model framework for heavy Higgs boson decays to a massive SM boson as well as one or more invisible particles. Allowing one kind of BSM mediator in each decay chain, we classify the possible decay topologies for each final state, taking into account all different possibilities for the spin of the mediator and the invisible particles. Our comparison of the kinematic distributions for each possible model realization reveals that the distributions corresponding to the different simplified model topologies are only mildly affected by the different spin hypotheses, while there is significant sensitivity for distinguishing between the different decay topologies. As a consequence, we point out that expressing the results of experimental searches in terms of the proposed simplified model topologies will allow one to constrain wide classes of different BSM models. The application of the proposed simplified model framework is explicitly demonstrated for the example of a mono-Higgs search. For each of the simplified models that are proposed in this paper we provide all necessary ingredients for performing Monte-Carlo simulations such that they can readily be applied in experimental analyses.
Metrological traceability in process analytical technologies and point-of-need technologies for food safety and quality control: not a straightforward issue
Authors: Mattarozzi Monica , Laski Eleni , Bertucci Alessandro , Giannetto Marco , Bianchi Federica , Zoani Claudia , Careri Maria 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTraditional techniques for food analysis are based on off-line laboratory methods that are expensive and time-consuming and often require qualified personnel. Despite the high standards of accuracy and metrological traceability, these well-established methods do not facilitate real-time process monitoring and timely on-site decision-making as required for food safety and quality control. The future of food testing includes rapid, cost-effective, portable, and simple methods for both qualitative screening and quantification of food contaminants, as well as continuous, real-time measurement in production lines. Process automatization through process analytical technologies (PAT) is an increasing trend in the food industry as a way to achieve improved product quality, safety, and consistency, reduced production cycle times, minimal product waste or reworks, and the possibility for real-time product release. Novel methods of analysis for point-of-need (PON) screening could greatly improve food testing by allowing non-experts, such as consumers, to test in situ food products using portable instruments, smartphones, or even visual naked-eye inspections, or farmers and small producers to monitor products in the field. This requires the attention of the research community and devices manufacturers to ensure reliability of measurement results from PAT strategy and PON tests through the demonstration and critical evaluation of performance characteristics. The fitness for purpose of methods in real-life conditions is a priority that should not be overlooked in order to maintain an effective and harmonized food safety policy.
Graphical Abstract
Non-responsiveness to cardioprotection by ischaemic preconditioning in Ossabaw minipigs with genetic predisposition to, but without the phenotype of the metabolic syndrome
Authors: Kleinbongard Petra , Lieder Helmut Raphael , Skyschally Andreas , Alloosh Mouhamad , Gödecke Axel , Rahmann Sven , Sturek Michael , Heusch Gerd 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe translation of successful preclinical and clinical proof-of-concept studies on cardioprotection to the benefit of patients with reperfused acute myocardial infarction has been difficult so far. This difficulty has been attributed to confounders which patients with myocardial infarction typically have but experimental animals usually not have. The metabolic syndrome is a typical confounder. We hypothesised that there may also be a genuine non-responsiveness to cardioprotection and used Ossabaw minipigs which have the genetic predisposition to develop a diet-induced metabolic syndrome, but before they had developed the diseased phenotype. Using a prospective study design, a reperfused acute myocardial infarction was induced in 62 lean Ossabaw minipigs by 60 min coronary occlusion and 180 min reperfusion. Ischaemic preconditioning by 3 cycles of 5 min coronary occlusion and 10 min reperfusion was used as cardioprotective intervention. Ossabaw minipigs were stratified for their single nucleotide polymorphism as homozygous for valine (V/V) or isoleucine (I/I)) in the γ-subunit of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase. Endpoints were infarct size and area of no-reflow. Infarct size (V/V: 54 ± 8, I/I: 54 ± 13% of area at risk, respectively) was not reduced by ischaemic preconditioning (V/V: 55 ± 11, I/I: 46 ± 11%) nor was the area of no-reflow (V/V: 57 ± 18, I/I: 49 ± 21 vs. V/V: 57 ± 21, I/I: 47 ± 21% of infarct size). Bioinformatic comparison of the Ossabaw genome to that of Sus scrofa and Göttingen minipigs identified differences in clusters of genes encoding mitochondrial and inflammatory proteins, including the janus kinase (JAK)—signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway. The phosphorylation of STAT3 at early reperfusion was not increased by ischaemic preconditioning, different from the established STAT3 activation by cardioprotective interventions in other pig strains. Ossabaw pigs have not only the genetic predisposition to develop a metabolic syndrome but also are not amenable to cardioprotection by ischaemic preconditioning.
Novel point-of-care biomarkers of the dry anophthalmic socket syndrome: tear film osmolarity and matrix metalloproteinase 9 immunoassay
Authors: Rokohl Alexander C. , Wall Katharina , Trester Marc , Wawer Matos Philomena A. , Guo Yongwei , Adler Werner , Pine Keith R. , Heindl Ludwig M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To compare tear film osmolarity (TFO) values and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) levels between anophthalmic sockets and healthy fellow eyes and to assess the use of the MMP-9 and TFO as objective biomarkers for the dry anophthalmic socket syndrome (DASS).

Methods
In this prospective single-center study, the anophthalmic sockets and healthy fellow eyes of 98 unilateral anophthalmic patients were assessed using the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire, InflammaDry® MMP-9 point-of-care immunoassay, TFO with TearLab™ Osmolarity System, and clinical conjunctival inflammation. MMP-9 concentration and conjunctival inflammation were graded semi-quantitatively. Differences between anophthalmic sockets and the healthy fellow eyes for OSDI scores, MMP-9, TFO values, clinical conjunctival inflammation, and eyelid abnormalities as well as the correlation between these factors and demographic data were evaluated.

Results
Patients had significantly higher OSDI, MMP-9, and TFO values, as well as higher conjunctival inflammation on the anophthalmic side, compared to the healthy side (p ≤ 0.002, respectively). For anophthalmic sockets, there was a significant positive correlation between OSDI scores and TFO values (p = 0.007), between the grade of posterior blepharitis and TFO values (p = 0.026), and between the conjunctival inflammation and MMP-9 values (p < 0.001), as well as between MMP-9 levels and time since eye loss (p = 0.004).

Conclusions
Measuring MMP-9 and TFO may be helpful tools as efficient, quantifiable biomarkers, disease course parameters, or predictors for treatment response in the clinical management of patients with DASS or future therapy studies. Ophthalmologists should consider the updated diagnosis criteria including TFO and the definition for DASS proposed in this study.
Subjective estimates of total processing time in dual-tasking: (some) good news for bad introspection
Authors: Bratzke Daniel , Bryce Donna 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPrevious studies have shown severe distortions of introspection about dual-task interference in the Psychological Refractory Period (PRP) paradigm. The present study investigated participants’ ability to introspect about the total trial time in this paradigm, as this temporal information may arguably be more relevant for strategic task scheduling than subjective estimates of each task within the dual task. To this end, participants provided estimates of their reaction times (IRTs) for the two subtasks in one half of the experiment, and estimates of the total trial time (ITTs) in the other half of the experiment. Although the IRT results showed the typical unawareness of the PRP effect, ITTs reflected the effects of SOA and Task 2 difficulty on objective total trial time. Additional analyses showed that IRTs were influenced by the introspective task order; that is, the ITT pattern carried over to IRTs when IRTs were assessed in the second half of the experiment. Overall, the present results show that people are able to accurately introspect about total trial time in the PRP paradigm and thus provide some good news for bad introspection in the PRP paradigm.
Proficiency testing of PIK3CA mutations in HR+/HER2-breast cancer on liquid biopsy and tissue
Authors: Vollbrecht Claudia , Hoffmann Inga , Lehmann Annika , Merkelbach-Bruse Sabine , Fassunke Jana , Wagener-Ryczek Svenja , Ball Markus , Dimitrova Lora , Hartmann Arndt , Stöhr Robert , Erber Ramona , Weichert Wilko , Pfarr Nicole , Bohlmann Lisa , Jung Andreas , Dietmaier Wolfgang , Dietel Manfred , Horst David , Hummel Michael 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPrecision oncology based on specific molecular alterations requires precise and reliable detection of therapeutic targets in order to initiate the optimal treatment. In many European countries—including Germany—assays employed for this purpose are highly diverse and not prescribed by authorities, making inter-laboratory comparison difficult. To ensure reproducible molecular diagnostic results across many laboratories and different assays, ring trials are essential and a well-established tool. Here, we describe the design and results of the ring trial for the detection of therapeutically relevant PIK3CA hotspot mutations in HR+/HER2-breast cancer tissue and liquid biopsy (LB). For PIK3CA mutation detection in tissue samples, 43 of the 54 participants (80%) provided results compliant with the reference values. Participants using NGS-based assays showed higher success rate (82%) than those employing Sanger sequencing (57%). LB testing was performed with two reference materials differing in the length of the mutated DNA fragments. Most participants used NGS-based or commercial real-time PCR assays (70%). The 167 bp fragments led to a successful PIK3CA mutation detection by only 31% of participants whereas longer fragments of 490 bp were detectable even by non-optimal assays (83%). In conclusion, the first ring trial for PIK3CA mutation detection in Germany showed that PIK3CA mutation analysis is broadly established for tissue samples and that NGS-based tests seem to be more suitable than Sanger sequencing. PIK3CA mutation detection in LB should be carried out with assays specifically designed for this purpose in order to avoid false-negative results.
Reach and efficacy of the eHealth application Oncokompas, facilitating partners of incurably ill cancer patients to self-manage their caregiver needs: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Schuit Anouk S. , Rienks Michelle M. , Hooghiemstra Nienke , Jansen Femke , Lissenberg-Witte Birgit I. , Cuijpers Pim , Verdonck-de Leeuw Irma M. , Holtmaat Karen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Many partners of incurably ill cancer patients experience caregiver burden. The eHealth application “Oncokompas” supports these partners to manage their caregiver needs and to find optimal supportive care for themselves. The aim of this randomized controlled trial (RCT) was to investigate the reach of Oncokompas and its efficacy on caregiver burden, self-efficacy, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL).

Methods
The reach was estimated based on eligibility, participation rate, and an evaluation of the recruitment process. Efficacy on caregiver burden was measured using the Caregiver Strain Index + (CSI +). Secondary outcomes were self-efficacy (General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE)) and HRQOL (EQ-5D VAS). Assessments were scheduled at baseline, 2 weeks after randomization and 3 months after baseline. Linear mixed models were used to compare longitudinal changes between the experimental and control group from baseline to the 3-month follow-up.

Results
The reach, in terms of eligibility and participation rate, was estimated at 83–91%. Partners were most likely reached via palliative care consultants, patient organizations, and palliative care networks. In the one-and-a-half-year recruitment period and via the 101 organizations involved, 58 partners were included. There were no significant effects of Oncokompas on caregiver burden, self-efficacy, or HRQOL.

Conclusion
The reach of Oncokompas among interested individuals was high, but the difficulties that were encountered to include partners suggest that the reach in real life may be lower. This study showed no effect of Oncokompas on caregiver burden, self-efficacy, or HRQOL in partners of incurably ill cancer patients.

Relevance
The results of this study may be used in the process of developing, efficacy testing, and implementing eHealth applications for caregivers of incurably ill cancer patients.

Trial registration
Netherlands Trial Register identifier: NTR7636/NL7411. Registered on November 23, 2018 (https://www.trialregister.nl/).