bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Independence of State Power: Problems of Strengthening and Anti-Corruption Security
Authors: Shamanskiy D. A. 
Published: August 2022

The paper explains the main problems of anti-corruption security in public authorities. The lack of and disorganization of the state system of personnel selection and recruitment is the main determinant factor that contributes to the emergence, development and growth of corruption in public authorities. The author came to the conclusion that the lack of control and state monopoly in the state system of selection and recruitment of personnel has led to the situation when individuals (groups of individuals) have the opportunity to carry out activities for the selection and recruitment of state personnel pursuing their personal interests. In fact, this type of activity exists in parallel with legitimate state authorities. State personnel selection activities are carried out under the influence of shadow structures or individuals integrated into the system of state power, who have corrupt views and antisocial attitudes. The actual absence of a unified, effective state system of personnel selection creates corruption risks that directly affect the independence of state power. As a result, a partizan official does not seek to carry out socially useful activities or achieve socially useful results or social justice and equality. The main motive for staying in power for such officials is meeting their unfair personal needs, interests, and ambitions. The very fact that an official has an internal selfish motivation or other interest inevitably leads to the destruction of the public administration system. This is confirmed by the fact that the internal motivation of such an official (egoism, self-interest) does not allow him to achieve a socially useful result in his activities because his driving force is personal ambitions or other interest.The author substantiates the need to distinguish between legal and illegal protectionism at the legislative level and to establish a state monopoly over this type of activity.
Deep neck infections in children and adults: from diagnosis to treatment a clinical study
Authors: Sizer Bilal , Yılmaz Ümit , Sırma Enes , Topçu İsmail 
Published: August 2022

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Although deep neck infections (DNI) are less common today with the use of antibiotics and oral care, they carry a serious risk of morbidity and mortality, especially when complications develop. These infections spread in potential cavities created by the layers of the deep neck fascia. In this study, it is aimed to review the diagnosis, follow-up and treatment processes for patients with DNI.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The medical files of 166 patients aged 1-78 years, who were diagnosed with DNI, were scanned retrospectively. In our study, when the differences between adults and children were taken into account in relation to DNI, the 9 most common diagnoses were compared in terms of age, complaints, examination findings, radiological imaging reports, complete blood count, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, surgical procedures, medical treatment, hospitalization time and mortality rates. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The three most common causes of DNI were dental problems, lymphadenitis and tonsillitis. When the imaging methods requested for diagnosis were examined, it was seen that 52.4% (n=87) of those performed were computed tomography and 43.4% (n=72) ultrasonography. During treatment, all patients received prophylactic antibiotherapy. Tracheostomy was performed in 9 of 15 patients who developed respiratory distress during follow-up.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Although the decreasing frequency of DNI, technological developments and increasing awareness, it still carries a serious risk of mortality and morbidity due to its potential and important complications. Due to the inadequate dental and oral care, dental problems are still the most important factor in etiology of DNI The reduction of morbidity and mortality depends on rapid diagnosis and appropriate treatment selection.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>
Judicious management of pinna keloids: our experience with combination therapy
Authors: Mathews Sunil , Jose Asha T. , Gangwar Varun , Vadivu Arumugam S. , Nandhan Raghu 
Published: August 2022

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Keloids occur as a result of overgrowth of fibrous tissue following healing of a cutaneous injury and they cause aesthetic issues when they appear on the exposed parts of the body, especially the face. Keloids are difficult to treat, with a high recurrence rate. There are several treatment modalities for management of keloids, though no single modality is completely effective. Most commonly used treatment modalities are intra-lesional steroids, surgical excision, pressure application, silicone gel sheets, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), cryotherapy, radiation therapy, laser therapy or a combination of these modalities. The aim of the study was to analyse the causes of development of keloids on the pinna and evaluated the outcomes of various treatment modalities applied. It focused on assessing the clinical efficacy of combined surgical excision of pinna keloids with serial steroid injections to prevent recurrence, in comparison to monotherapy with intra-lesional steroid injections alone.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A retrospective review based on medical records was done for 18 patients with keloid of pinna, who were treated with either monotherapy or combination therapy. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Satisfactory low recurrence rates were observed with meticulous surgical excision followed by serial steroid injections (18.2%), as compared to monotherapy with serial steroid injections alone (71.4%), and these comparative results were statistically significant at p&lt;0.05 in the cohort.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> A judicious plan for management for pinna keloids is necessary in order to achieve the best functional and cosmetic outcomes, while reducing the recurrence rates to a minimum. Following a combination of interventions has proved safe and effective for managing this challenging entity.</p>
Superior nasolabial flap in reconstruction of the tongue: case report
Authors: Munjal Manish , Garg Ramneesh , Rishi Porshia , Sidhu Harjinder , Munjal Shubham , Talwar Shivam , Sharma Salony , Kaur Hardeep 
Published: August 2022

<p class="abstract">Hemiglossectomy with functional rehabilitation using a rotational superior nasolabial flap as a single stage procedure and its outcome has been described. Nasolabial sulcus and nasofacial was the donor site for the nasolabial flap. This hairless area except for the lower cheek in males, is an important consideration in oral cavity reconstruction. The flap constituted by skin, subcutaneous tissue and the underlying musculature has a subdermal plexus is supplied by feeder vessels from the branches of the facial artery and provides the blood supply to the nasolabial muscle and skin. Usually, the choice of pedicle is based on the site of the defect and any need for rotation or advancement of tissue to the site of the defect. In our patient the superior nasolabial flap based on alar and lateral nasal artery was utilized.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>
Extra-oral approach to iatrogenic temporomandibular joint dislocation-case report
Authors: Munjal Manish , Munjal Shubham , Sharma Salony , Kaur Hardeep , Chawla Deeksha , Sandhu Loveleen , Gupta Dhruv , Sawhney Mehneet , Pillai Anjana 
Published: August 2022

<p>We discuss an intriguing patient whose temporo-mandibular joint got dislocated following, a per oral sialodochotomy. The reduction was undertaken using an external approach rather than the conventional internal without sedation. The approach is quick, painless, easy to perform, reproducible and least expensive. This technique is based on the following principles i.e., in the anteriorly dislocated mandible, the coronoid process and anterior border of the ramus can be palpated easily over the cheek on the affected side and thus steady pressure application on the cheek over the coronoid process and anterior aspect of the mandibular ramus, easily reduce the dislocation. In the undislocated mandible, the coronoid process and anterior border of the ramus are not palpable as they are located posterior to the body of the zygoma </p>
The role of hematological biomarkers, coagulation profile and CRP (c-reactive protein) in COVID-19 patients in private health care sector
Authors: Aditi Sneha , Kumari Roushni , Aziz Abdul 
Published: August 2022

SARS-CoV-2 causing corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the most common infection in recent days worldwide. Rapidly evolving from the epidemic outbreak in Wuhan, China on 29 December 2019, SARS-CoV-2 is the third known corona virus that causes fatal respiratory diseases in humans. The roles of biomarkers from a blood sample in the diagnosis of COVID-19 patients who have visited the hospital with history of fever has been evaluated.A retrospective study was carried out in a private sector hospital at Panipat where the patients having history of fever were admitted during 1st May 2020 to 15th August 2020. A total of 100 patients were included who were suspected cases of corona. All the blood parameters, systemic inflammatory index (SII), neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) Coagulation factor (prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), international normalized ratio (INR) and C-Reactive protein (CRP) are compared between negative and positive COVID-19 cases according to RT-PCR. Result: Out of 100 patients, 65% were RTPCR covid positive. In patient with RTPCR negative test results, it was found that total leukocyte count, neutrophils, platelet, NLR and SII values were higher. However, haemoglobin, lymphocytes and PLR was found to be elevated in patients with positive test results.COVID-19 positive patients presented with leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia and lymphocytosis. SII and NLR were reduced. PLR and CRP were increased. PT and APTT were within normal limits. Lymphocyte count and PLR showed strong significance in this study.The definitive diagnosis of COVID-19 was made by RT-PCR analysis, but this is a time-consuming and less accessible test. Low values of NLR and SII and high value of PLR and CRP are indicative of COVID-19 and can be used in its diagnosis.
Changing faces and habitat of mucormycosis epidemic in sequential COVID waves
Authors: Tyagi Aarti , Grover Shweta , Bansal Rani 
Published: August 2022

The Corona virus poses a greater challenge in the form of the deadly fungal infection, mucormycosis. To study the histopathological features giving emphasis on the varying presentation of mucormycosis in sequential covid waves.A prospective study comprising 31 patients histopathologically diagnosed with mucormycosis were included in the study. Demographic features, predisposing conditions, and clinical features were obtained from medical records. Tissue sections were reviewed with hematoxylin and eosin (H and E), and special stains like Gomori's methenamine silver (GMS), and periodic acid Schiff (PAS) potassium hydroxide (KOH) examination and fungal culture. The study included 21 males and 10 females with age ranging from 35-75 years. On histopathological examination, inflammation, granulomas, foreign body giant cells along with necrosis was seen. Invasion into soft tissues, muscles, and adipose tissues along with Angioinvasion, perineural spread was identified. Fungal balls, round to ovoid mature sporangia with column-shaped columella, presence of proliferating hyphae in tissues like skeletal muscle, cartilage etc which are supposed to be relatively resistant for inflammatory pathology got noted as one of our astounded histopathological findings insinuating how a human body acts as a culture media exhibiting diversity of a human makeup. The trend of presentation and severity kept changing with successive covid wave. Diagnosis of mucormycosis is gruesome and more difficult as compared to other infectious organism. In addition, like any malignant pathology, perivascular and neural infiltration is one of the important histological features of invasive mucormycosis as it indicates the severity and prognosis. There is drastically different trend of presentation in covid and its different mutant waves.
Cytomorphological study of cervical Pap smear based on the Bethesda system 2014
Authors: Sinchana KM  , Jadhav Meena N , Kittur Shreekant K 
Published: August 2022

: The Papanicolaou (Pap) smear used worldwide for cervical screening was developed by Dr George Papanicolaou in 1940s. The Pap smear is a simple, safe and effective test to detect cervical cancer at an early stage.: To study the spectrum of lesions in cervical Pap smear based on The Bethesda System(TBS) 2014 and to determine frequency of premalignant and malignant lesions.: The present prospective study included 200 cases above 20 years of age. The cytological interpretation of smears were made according to TBS 2014. When there was difficulty in differentiating HSIL from other lesions p16 immunostaining was done and evaluated according to the criteria proposed by Wentzensen et al. : Chi – square test was used to see the association between different attributes. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 22. P value &#60;0.05 was considered significant.: The most common lesion was NILM with 175 cases (87.5%) followed by 7(3.5%) SCC, 4(2%) HSIL, 2(1%) cases each of ASCUS, AGC-NOS, LSIL and 1(0.5%) case of ASC-H. Among 200, 7(3.5%) cases were unsatisfactory for evaluation. The subjects were not uniformly distributed (P &#60;0.001). The p16 marker was used in 6(3%) doubtful cases of HSIL among which 2(33.33%) cases were positive. Cervical Pap smear is a useful technique to detect the inflammatory, premalignant and malignant lesions of cervix which helps the clinician to plan further management.
Fore-arm rhabdomyosarcoma in neurofibromatosis type 1: A unique case
Authors: Makkar Dheeraj , Kakkar Vikas 
Published: August 2022

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the commonest soft sarcoma in kids, with alveolar and embryonal variants distinguishable by histopathology and, more significantly, molecular biology. RMS occurs intermittently in a substantial proportion of cases without a predisposing condition. Nevertheless, it is well established that certain hereditary factors enhance the likelihood of developing RMS. Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome, Gorlin syndrome, Costello, NF1, and Li Fraumeni syndromes are some of them. These syndromes present with RMS during childhood.A 47-year-old female with NF 1 discovered a lump in her right forearm one year prior to presentation. When the patient noticed ulceration on the swelling, she sought medical attention. A tumor was detected in the center of the right forearm via MRI, and it was suspected to be a cystic or myxoid soft-tissue tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma or a peripheral neural tumor. We classified the tumor as stage 4 due to axillary lymph node involvement and lung metastasis. Histopathology confirmed rhabdomyosarcoma. The patient then received radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and her tumor went into remission.After confirming NF1 syndrome, we advise patients to adhere to the standard cancer screening protocol. The screening would assist in the earlier diagnosis of tumors, leading to a reduction in complications.
Early Carotid Endarterectomy for Symptomatic Internal Carotid Artery Stenosis in the Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Bodiu Adrian , Peciul Andrei , Tcaci Vlad , Ropot Doina 
Published: August 2022

Objective: To research the results of the microsurgical treatment of symptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis by Carotid Endarterectomy in the acute period of a stroke that were performed in the Neurosurgery Department of IMSP IMU.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective data collection was conducted on all consecutive patients surgically treated for an extra-cranial internal carotid artery (ICA) hemodynamic stenosis in the Neurosurgery Department of the Emergency Medicine Institute,in Chisinau (Rebublic of Moldova),between February 2019 and March 2021.All patients undergoing ICA endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis (SCS) within 48 hours and 14 days after the acute neurologic onset were included in the present study.Outcomes were evaluated by a prospective follow-up. Primary outcomes were the rate of postoperative ipsilateral stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), peripheral nerve injury, hematoma in the operating area and death.Secondary outcomes were the rate of local and systemic complications.The results were stratified according NIHSS score and comorbidities 30 days after surgery,and a multivariate analysis were performed in order to define any correlation between preoperative data and postoperative outcomes.
Results: A total of 40 patients (10 %, n 4 bilateral and 90%, n 36 unilateral) underwent carotid endarterectomy (CEA) for hemodynamically significant ICA stenosis. According to inclusion criteria (22% women vs 78% men; median age 64 years, range: 54-76; median preoperative NIHSS score 4, range 0-18) all patients affected by SCS were enrolled in the present study. Median delay for surgery was 6 days (range: 2-14).During in-hospital post-operative period the combined death/stroke/MI rate was 0%.In-hospital NIHSS score improved post-operatively of more than 2 points (range 0-12) in 45.7% of cases.Microsurgical CEA is accompanied,in most cases by the regression of neurological symptoms and it is not correlated with the increased risk for a hemorrhagic transformation.No local and systemic complications were registered.The stratification of outcomes according to NIHSS status, sex, comorbidities did not show any statistical relation neither at 30 days nor at the long term-follow up.
Conclusion: In properly selected patients with a SCS, affected by an acute ischemic stroke, early carotid endarterectomy can be performed without any complications or worsening of neurological status in comparison with similar cases in a longer period after a stroke.
Attraction and Decision in Choosing a Spouse
Authors: Apostu Iulian 
Published: August 2022

The choice of ones partner plays an important role on the functionality of the couple, on the degree of cohesion and on the chances of stability. Theoretically, the choice of the conjugal partner in the contemporary space is a free one, not conditioned by families, material transactions or other types of strategies, that exclude the will of the partners. However, a series of cultural elements assimilated by individuals in their social environments consistently mark their influence in this selection process. Today, the most common criterion regarding the selection of the conjugal partner is that related to homogamy, therefore, the free choice must be understood as a composition with different weights, built from cultural assimilations from the community where the conjugal partner became socialized him and which holds subjective elements specific to personal ideals.
However, the contemporary space offers the premise of a rethinking of the homogamic principle, its borders being resized and, at the same time, reassembled in a much freer manner. If once upon a time, spatial and cultural proximity influenced the decisions of choosing a spouse, today, virtual space offers the individual the possibility of constructing criteria with a triple advantage: the possibility of choice, independent of the general norm of the cultural community, the unlimited expansion of proximity, the cancellation or reduction of the reference of the community censorship. Today, individuals no longer reproduce the marital functionality learned in their families of origin. Young people build new relationships that correspond to personal ideals and this type of new attitudes increasingly stimulate relational individualism and, by extension, another type of society, that will reduce to a minimum the old claims of social conformity.
Wykorzystanie Państwowego Funduszu Ziemi jako instrumentu legitymizacji władzy komunistycznej oraz środka legalizacji rewolucji społecznej
Authors: Czernicki Przemysław 
Published: August 2022

After the Red Army entered Poland in the summer of 1944, and the installation of a new system of power began, the communists were faced with a general social disapproval of the transformations they proposed. This was especially true of the peasants, who constituted the vast majority of Poland’s inhabitants at that time. They were afraid of introducing general collectivization of land and their forceful inclusion in the agricultural production cooperatives under strict state supervision. Meanwhile, gaining the support of at least some of the peasants seemed to remain an indispensable element in the takeover of power by the communists, who always presented themselves as representatives of the interests of economically disadvantaged social classes. An equally important intention of the authorities was to eliminate all influence of the gentry in the countryside because of their hostility to the new political order.
The purpose of this article is to present the principal aspects concerning the use of the State Land Fund as an instrument for the justification of the communist government’s approach, as well as for legitimizing the social revolution in post-war Poland. Attempts were made to indicate the use of this institution to make profound transformations regarding the model of property relations in Polish agriculture, previously shaped over centuries. It was also pointed out that the above-mentioned approach was aimed at simultaneously destroying the landed gentry as an elite social class and winning the support for the communists from the peasants, who were given the land taken from the landowners. Thus, in the political reality of the time, the State Land Fund became one of the most important (and at the same time often underrated) instruments in constructing the system of totalitarian power in post-war Poland. The primary goal of the article is to show how the instrumental treatment of the legal solutions regulating the functioning of the fund was used in practice by the communist authorities acting on the Kremlin’s behalf. It seems that in the literature on the subject, there are still deficits in the search for the bases of legitimization imposed in Poland by external political and military factors of the communist government.
The most important conclusions from this analysis include the negative economic effects in terms of perpetuating the defects of the agricultural system and the inability to deal with the indicated legacy of the totalitarian system within the contemporary political and socio-economic reality.
Yaşa bağlı makula dejenerasyonu olan hastalarda ultra geniş açılı renkli fundus fotoğrafları ve otoflöresans görüntülerinin değerlendirilmesi
Authors: TAMER KADERLİ Sema , KORKMAZ Safak , ALAÇAMLI Göksu , YİĞİT Çağrı , KARALEZLİ Aylin 
Published: August 2022

GİRİŞ VE AMAÇ: Yaşa bağlı makula dejenerasyonu (YBMD) olan hastalarda ultra geniş açılı renkli fundus fotoğrafları ve fundus otofloresans (FOF) görüntülerini değerlendirmek ve periferik retina değişikliklerini belirlemek.
YÖNTEM: Bu çalışmaya YBMD’li 58 hastanın 116 gözü, kontrol grubu olarak da sağlıklı 30 hastanın 60 gözü dahil edildi. Standart bir görüntüleme protokolü kullanılarak Optos 200Tx ultra geniş açılı fundus görüntüleme cihazı ile 200 derece FOF ve renkli fundus görüntüler elde edildi. Fundus flurosein anjiografi (FFA) ve optik koherens tomografi (OKT)bulguları kaydedildi. YBMD’li gözler erken evre (63-125µ drusen), orta evre (>125µ drusen ve retina pigment değişiklikleri) ile geç evre (neovasküler membran ve coğrafik atrofi varlığı) olmak üzere sınıflandırıldı. Tüm YBMD’li olgular ile kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldı.
BULGULAR: Ortalama yaş 73±8.4 ve 32’si (%55.2) erkek, 26’sı (%44.8) kadın idi. YBMD’li 116 gözün 78’inde (%67.2) renkli fundus fotoğraflarında periferik retinada değişiklik mevcutken, kontrol grubunda 60 gözün 9’unda (%15) periferik değişiklik saptandı (p