bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF THE DEMAND AND INFLUENCING FACTORS FOR SMART HOME CARE AMONG COMMUNITY-DWELLING ELDERLY PEOPLE
Authors: Jia HongFei , Ding YaPing 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the smart home care requirements for community-residing adults in their later years, analyze the factors influencing these needs, and establish a scientific basis for the development of targeted smart care solutions.

Methods
Between December 2023 and February 2024, a convenience sampling method was employed to select 322 community-residing adults in their later years from Jiangsu Province as participants in this study. Assessment tools included a general information questionnaire, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Barthel Index for activities of daily living, and a custom scale to measure the demand for smart home care within this population. Data analysis involved independent samples t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and multiple linear regression to assess the smart home care needs and influencing factors among community-residing adults with disabilities in their later years.

Results
The multiple linear regression analysis indicated that pre-retirement occupation, self-care ability, cognitive function, and the willingness to use smart care technologies in the future are significant factors influencing the demand for smart home care (all P-values &lt; 0.05).

Conclusion
The current demand for smart home care among community-residing adults in their later years exhibits diversity. To adequately meet their multifaceted smart care needs, it is essential to consider the main influencing factors such as their occupational background, level of self-care, and cognitive abilities.
THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CLOSE RELATIONSHIPS AND HAPPINESS AMONG OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Abaei Elnaz , Martin Peter 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Close relationships have long been recognized as crucial in shaping older adults’ happiness and well-being. This study investigated the association between close relationships (including those with a spouse, children, and friends) and happiness among older adults using random intercept cross-lagged panel models (RI-CLPMs). We pooled waves 11-12, 13-14, and 15-16 from the RAND file of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). Our analytic sample included 15,758 individuals aged 50 years and older (Mean age=67.14). We ran three RI-CLPMs to examine how close relationships with spouse, children, and friends affect the happiness of older adults. All models demonstrated a good fit with the data (spouse’s model, χ2 (df=7)=6.979, p=.43, CFI=TLI=1.00; children’s model, χ2 (df=8)=13.91, p=.08, CFI=TLI=1.00; friend’s model, χ2 (df=8)=17.35, p=.03, CFI=.999, TLI=.996). We also conducted a sensitivity analysis by computing models without missing data imputation. The results were mostly consistent with the initial analysis. In the initial waves, we did not find carry-over and spill-over effects between close relationships and happiness. However, carry-over effects were observed for models in the later waves. We also found that married individuals tend to be happier as they age. Additionally, women were more likely to have close relationships with children and friends compared to men. Practical implications should focus on fostering positive interactions among older adults with close social contacts, like encouraging companionship and supportive communication from spouses and children. Group interventions, such as peer support groups, can enhance happiness by monitoring social interactions to promote well-being in older adults.
TRENDS IN HEALTH CONDITIONS, HEALTH NEEDS, HEALTH SERVICES & MEDICATION USE AMONG OREGON AFH RESIDENTS (2017-2023)
Authors: Albalawi Wafi , Tunalilar Ozcan , Carder Paula 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The aging U.S. population is increasing the demand for Long-Term Care Services. Adult Foster Homes (AFHs) offer a home-like environment for residents with complex health needs, particularly beneficial for older adults, including those with dementia. However, these settings remain understudied. This study evaluated trends in resident characteristics, chronic conditions, service utilization, medication use, activities of daily living (ADLs), and family involvement among AFH residents in Oregon from 2017 to 2023, using data from the Oregon Community-Based Care study. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and OLS regression. Results indicate that the proportion of female residents remained stable at 60-64%. Residents aged 75-84 increased from 18.7% to 25.7%, while those aged 85+ decreased from 41.6% to 31.5%. Hypertension (48.7-51.6%) and dementia (43.6-47.7%) are the most prevalent conditions. Arthritis declined from 37.8% to 30.0%, and multiple medication use peaked at 61.5% in 2023. Bathing (78.4-82.9%) and dressing (60.5-69.5%) are the ADLs requiring the most assistance. Family involvement saw significant changes during the pandemic, with social visits decreasing from 64.9% to 37.8% and outings from 39.8% to 17.4%. The study found both similarities and differences between AFH residents and assisted living (AL) residents in the U.S. Hypertension and dementia were the most prevalent conditions in both groups. However, AFH residents had higher rates of dementia and arthritis, as well as greater reliance on Medicaid (54%-63.2%) compared to AL residents (17%). These findings highlight the higher acuity among AFH residents and emphasize the need for further research on smaller residential settings for older adults.
ADVANCE CARE PLANNING IN A SUBSIDIZED HOUSING COMMUNITY: PRELIMINARY RESEARCH RESULTS FROM A PILOT INTERVENTION
Authors: Kimpel Christine , Chavez Lorely , Ketel Christian , Clouse Kate 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Advance care planning (ACP) can improve end-of-life outcomes, but ACP remains low among adults with low SES, who likely have had multiple adverse life experiences. To reduce the stress of ACP, we are piloting a trauma-informed advance care planning (TI-ACP) intervention in a subsidized housing community. Following IRB approval, we purposively and snowball sampled 15 adults (aged 18+) in a 150+ unit subsidized housing community in Nashville, Tennessee (May 2024-present). Using a pre-post single-arm intervention design, we conducted visits to collect mixed methods data in the onsite Resiliency Hub, a resource center. The intervention included a researcher-led conversation using a discussion prompt checklist. The median age was 60 (IQR: 57-65), seven (46.7%) identified as Black or African American, and eleven (73.3%) identified as men (n=15). At 30-day follow-up (n=9), implementation acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility score medians and ranges were 16 (16-18), 16 (15-17), and 16 (15-18), respectively. Implementation barriers included competing priorities, limited social support, skepticism about outsiders, ACP skepticism, and medical mistrust. Potential adaptations included explaining privacy procedures and including supplementary education for challenging medical concepts. Participants rated the innovation as acceptable, appropriate, and feasible and provided insight into potential barriers and adaptations. The conversation checklist and educational materials may be utilized across clinical and community-based contexts. A team-based approach may maximize the benefit of TI-ACP by holistically addressing complex social and health barriers for older adults with low SES. Future iterations will explore using community health workers as interventionists and a community advisory council to design training.
USING THE SAMHSA TRAUMA-INFORMED PRINCIPLES TO ADAPT ADVANCE CARE PLANNING FOR OLDER ADULTS WITH LOW SES
Authors: Kimpel Christine , Chavez Lorely , Ketel Christian , Clouse Kate 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Advance care planning (ACP) is the process of preparing for future medical care received during times of cognitive incapacity, but the process may be very stressful for low SES communities. To address lifetime traumas and the everyday stress of unmet needs, we used the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration’s (SAMHSA) trauma-informed principles to adapt an ACP intervention. Using a single-arm pre-post intervention design and mixed methods approach, we continually adapted the intervention with participant feedback (n=19). The initial intervention consisted of an audio-recorded, one-time, in-person, flexible conversational approach using a discussion prompt checklist, conducted in a quiet private setting in a subsidized housing community. We thematically analyzed field notes and intervention transcripts using the SAMHSA framework. Nineteen participants completed the intervention (median age: 60, IQR: 58-63): 10 identified as Black or African American and 12 as men. Themes included trauma awareness (safety), facilitating privacy (trustworthiness), peer referral (peer support), person-centered communication (collaboration), healthcare risk-benefit analysis education (empowerment), and acknowledgment of historical trauma, stigma, and access challenges (equity). We have found the SAMHSA framework useful for enhancing trauma awareness during the ACP process. There is significant conceptual overlap between the person-centeredness of ACP and the SAMHSA principles. The universal safety precautions help to avoid re-traumatization while discussing previous death-related experiences. The equity focus provides opportunities to tailor the approach. These trauma-informed principles should be implemented in clinical provider training, organizational policy and procedures, and future research interventions with similar communities.
Effects of failure parametrization on pre- and coseismic earthquake rupture
Authors: Bolotskaya Ekaterina , Hager Bradford H , Ampuero Jean-Paul 
Published: January 2025

SUMMARY
This study investigates the impact of different slip-dependent fault failure parametrizations on the pre-seismic and coseismic phases of the earthquake cycle using 2-D finite element simulations. Various failure laws are considered: linear slip-weakening, double slip-weakening, parabolic cohesive zone and exponential cohesive zone laws. The pre-seismic phase is modelled using a quasi-static approach, while the coseismic phase is modelled dynamically. Results demonstrate the importance of accounting for the different shapes of failure laws during the pre-seismic phase, as they lead to variations in pre-seismic phase duration, associated pre-seismic slip and lateral extent of slip front. Failure laws with gentler initial slopes require more time to initiate dynamic rupture compared to those with steeper initial weakening slopes. The presence of an initial strengthening segment in the failure law affects the amount and lateral extent of pre-seismic slip. During dynamic rupture propagation, the specific details of the failure law become less significant due to the Lorentz contraction of the process zone. However, variations in the duration of the pre-seismic phases result in different dynamic stress drops and, consequently, variations in rupture acceleration times and earthquake magnitudes for different failure laws.
NCFDet: Enhanced point cloud features using the neural collapse phenomenon in multimodal fusion for 3D object detection
Authors: Xu Yaming , Xu Minglei , Wang Yan , Li Boliang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The accurate and effective detection of 3D objects represents a crucial component in the development of multi-sensor autonomous driving and robotics systems, particularly in the context of navigating complex urban environments. The complementary nature of image and point cloud data allows for the detection of objects with greater accuracy and robustness when both image and point cloud features are employed. At present, there is no optimal solution for the timing of multi-sensor fusion, particularly in the case of cross-modal data formats. In order to address these issues, we propose a multi-sensor object detection scheme based on Neural Collapse (NC) theory augmented point cloud, which we have designated NCFDet. In particular, we have incorporated an image pre-training model at the network layer where the NC occurs and designed a fusion module based on Transformer Attention. Furthermore, we investigate the interconnection between NC and transmodal transfer, and provide an explanation for the efficacy of the former based on the latter. The NCFDet system performs well for the detection of small targets in scenes due to the advantage of a compact image data format. The performance of the proposed NCFDet system was validated on the KITTI (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology and Toyota Technological Institute) dataset in comparison to existing methods. Furthermore, the object detection performance of the proposed framework was demonstrated on our visual rotation platform. The results show that the detection system achieves advanced fusion results. The code will be published after the paper is published.
Validation of a fingertip home sleep apnea testing system using deep learning AI and a temporal event localization analysis
Authors: Chen Ke-Wei , Tseng Chun-Hsien , Lee Hsin-Chien , Liu Wen-Te , Chou Kun-Ta , Wu Hau-Tieng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Study Objectives
This paper validates TipTraQ, a compact home sleep apnea testing (HSAT) system. TipTraQ comprises a fingertip-worn device, a mobile application, and a cloud-based deep learning artificial intelligence (AI) system. The device utilizes photoplethysmography (red, infrared, and green channels) and accelerometer sensors to assess sleep apnea by the AI system.

Methods
We prospectively enrolled 240 participants suspected of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) at a tertiary medical center for internal validation and 112 participants independently at another center for external validation. All participants underwent simultaneous polysomnography and TipTraQ HSAT. We compared TipTraQ-derived total sleep time (TQ-TST) and TipTraQ-derived Respiratory Events Index (TQ-REI) with expert-determined TST and apnea–hypopnea index (AHI), based on AASM standards with the 1B hypopnea rule. Temporal event localization analysis for respiratory event prediction was conducted at both event and hourly levels.

Results
In the external validation, the Spearman correlation coefficients for TQ-TST vs. TST and TQ-REI vs. AHI were 0.81 and 0.95, respectively. The root mean square error were 0.53 hours for TQ-TST vs. TST and 7.53 events/h for TQ-REI vs. AHI. For apnea/hypopnea prediction with a 10-second grace period, the true positive, false positive, and false negative rates in temporal event localization analysis were 0.76, 0.24, and 0.23, respectively. The four-way OSA severity classification achieved a Cohen’s kappa of 0.7.

Conclusions
TQ-TST and TQ-REI predict TST and AHI with comparable performance to existing devices of the same type, and respiratory event prediction is validated through temporal event localization analysis.

Clinical Trials
Development of TipTraQ Home Sleep Test, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06474351?term=NCT06474351&rank=1, NCT06474351
TipTraQ Home Sleep Test Study, SHH, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06633887?term=NCT06633887&rank=1, NCT06633887
Sexual Dimorphism of Plasma and Tissue Proteomes in Human Calcific Aortic Valve Stenosis Pathogenesis
Authors: Clift Cassandra L. , Blaser Mark C. , Bartoli-Leonard Francesca , Schlotter Florian , Higashi Hideyuki , Kuraoka Shiori , Kasai Taku , Turner Mandy E. , Pham Tan , Perez Katelyn A. , Robson Simon C. , Body Simon C. , Muehlschlegel Jochen D. , Aikawa Masanori , Singh Sasha A. , Aikawa Elena 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBACKGROUNDCalcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS) is a global clinical burden, impacting around 2% of the population over 65 years of age. No pharmacotherapeutics exist, with surgical repair and transcatheter valve replacement being the only intervention. Females are underrepresented in studies of CAVS, leading to delay in timely intervention and increased mortality. Histopathology demonstrates female CAVS presents with decreased valvular calcification but increased fibrosis and severity of symptoms. We hypothesize that the underlying molecular mechanisms contributing to disease progression and fibrocalcific burden in AS differs between male and female patients. Our goal for this study is to use previously acquired proteomic datasets of a clinically-defined human AS cohort to examine sex disparities and underlying sex-specific disease signatures.METHODS and RESULTSAge-matched human AS tissue samples (n=4 females, n=14 males) were each segmented into non-diseased, fibrotic, and calcified disease stages and analyzed using LC-MS/MS proteomics and quantitative histopathology. CAVD plasma samples (n=20 females, n=30 males) were analyzed for circulating sex-specific biomarkers via LC-MS/MS. Unbiased principal component analysis shows sex- and stage-specific proteome clustering. AS pathogenesis drove sex-specific disparities in the valvular proteome: 338/1503 total proteins were differentially-enriched by sex across disease stages. Compared to sex-specific non-diseased controls, female fibrotic tissue resulted in 2.75-fold greater number of differentially-enriched proteins than did male fibrotic tissue (female: 42, male: 16; p<0.05 threshold). In contrast, female calcific tissue identified 2.473-fold less differentially-enriched proteins than male calcific tissue (female: 157, male 356; q<0.05 threshold). By Functional Enrichment Analysis revealed specific proteins responsible for the exacerbated valvular fibrosis signature in females, implicated adenosine phosphate metabolism as a potential male-specific driver of AS, and further reinforce the shared contribution of aberrant lipid and cholesterol activity to AS progression in both sexes.CONCLUSIONSWe reveal a sexually-dimorphic AS proteome, including the novel overabundance of ECM remodeling pathways in female calcified aortic valve tissues. This analysis allows for identification of potential sex-specific protein drug targets implicated in AS pathobiology.
NOTCH1 S2513 is critical for the regulation of NICD levels impacting the segmentation clock in hiPSC-derived PSM cells and somitoids
Authors: Meijer Hedda A. , Hetherington Adam , Johnson Sara , Gallagher Rosie L. , Hussein Izzah N. , Rae Jess M. , Noordzij Tomas E.J.C. , Kalamara Margarita , Macartney Thomas J. , Davidson Lindsay , Martin David M.A. , Davies Paul , Sonnen Katharina F. , Murray Philip , Dale J. Kim 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe segmentation clock is a molecular oscillator that regulates the timing of somite formation in the developing vertebrate embryo. NOTCH signalling is one of the key pathways required for proper functioning of the segmentation clock. Aberrant NOTCH signalling results in developmental abnormalities such as congenital scoliosis as well as diseases such as T-cell acute lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-ALL). In this study we analyse the effects of a mutation detected in T-ALL patients on somitogenesis using human iPS derived PSM cells and somitoids. Mutation of NOTCH1 Serine 2513 into Alanine compromises the interaction of Notch intracellular domain (NICD) with the F-box protein FBXW7 and consequently increases NICD stability and NICD levels in PSM cells. Moreover, the mutation impairs several aspects of clock gene oscillations and restricts the ability of somitoids to polarise, elongate and form paired somites. The data suggest a mechanism by which post-translational modification of a key segmentation clock component plays a crucial role in vertebrate axis segmentation.
Genomic divergence shaped the genetic regulation of meiotic homologous recombination inBrassicaallopolyploids
Authors: Pelé Alexandre , Falque Matthieu , Lodé-Taburel Maryse , Huteau Virginie , Morice Jérôme , Coriton Olivier , Martin Olivier C. , Chèvre Anne-Marie , Rousseau-Gueutin Mathieu 
Published: January 2025

SummaryThe tight regulation of meiotic recombination between homologs is disrupted inBrassicaAAC allotriploids, a genomic configuration that may have facilitated the formation of rapeseed (Brassica napusL.) ∼7,500 years ago. Indeed, the presence of the haploid C genome induces supernumerary crossovers between homologous A chromosomes with dramatically reshaped distribution. However, the genetic mechanisms driving this phenomenon and their divergence between nascent and established lineages remain unclear. To address these concerns, we generated hybrids carrying additional C chromosomes derived either from an established lineage of the allotetraploidB. napusor from its diploid progenitorB. oleracea. We then assessed recombination variation across twelve populations by mapping male meiotic crossovers using Single Nucleotide Polymorphism markers evenly distributed across the sequenced A genome. Our findings reveal that the C09 chromosome ofB. oleraceais responsible for the formation of additional crossovers near pericentromeric regions. Interestingly, its counterpart from an established lineage ofB. napusshows no significant effect on its own, despite having a similar content of meiotic genes. However, we showed that theB. napusC09 chromosome influences crossover formation through inter-chromosomal epistatic interactions with other specific C chromosomes. These results provide new insights into the genetic regulation of homologous recombination inBrassicaand emphasize the role of genomic divergence since the formation of the allopolyploidB. napus.
Tempo and mode of evolution across multiple traits in an adaptive radiation of birds (Vangidae)
Authors: Auerbach Anya Lilith Becker , Lim Euan Horng Jiunn , Reddy Sushma 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAn ongoing challenge in macroevolutionary research is identifying common drivers of diversification amid the complex interplay of many potentially relevant traits, ecological contexts, and intrinsic characteristics of clades. In this study, we used geometric morphometric and phylogenetic comparative methods to evaluate the tempo and mode of trait evolution in the adaptive radiation of Malagasy vangas and their mainland relatives. The Malagasy radiation is more diverse in both skull and foot shape. However, rather than following the classic “early burst” of diversification, trait evolution accelerated well after their arrival in Madagascar, likely driven by the evolution of new modes of foraging and especially of a few species with highly divergent morphologies. Each anatomical region showed differing evolutionary patterns, and the presence of morphological outliers impacted the results of some analyses, particularly of integration and modularity. Our results demonstrate that the adaptive radiation of Malagasy vangas has evolved exceptional ecomorphological diversity along multiple, independent trait axes, mainly driven by a late expansion in niche space due to key innovations. Our findings highlight the evolution of extreme forms as an overlooked feature of adaptive radiation warranting further study.